bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA Class II Polymorphisms Modulate Gut Microbiota and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Phenotype
Authors: Shahi Shailesh K , Ali Soham , Jaime Camille M , Guseva Natalya V , Mangalam Ashutosh K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the CNS in which the interaction between genetic and environmental factors plays an important role in disease pathogenesis. Although environmental factors account for 70% of disease risk, the exact environmental factors associated with MS are unknown. Recently, gut microbiota has emerged as a potential missing environmental factor linked with the pathobiology of MS. Yet, how genetic factors, such as HLA class II gene(s), interact with gut microbiota and influence MS is unclear. In the current study, we investigated whether HLA class II genes that regulate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS susceptibility also influence gut microbiota. Previously, we have shown that HLA-DR3 transgenic mice lacking endogenous mouse class II genes (AE-KO) were susceptible to myelin proteolipid protein (91–110)–induced EAE, an animal model of MS, whereas AE-KO.HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice were resistant. Surprisingly, HLA-DR3.DQ8 double transgenic mice showed higher disease prevalence and severity compared with HLA-DR3 mice. Gut microbiota analysis showed that HLA-DR3, HLA-DQ8, and HLA-DR3.DQ8 double transgenic mice microbiota are compositionally different from AE-KO mice. Within HLA class II transgenic mice, the microbiota of HLA-DQ8 mice were more similar to HLA-DR3.DQ8 than HLA-DR3. As the presence of DQ8 on an HLA-DR3 background increases disease severity, our data suggests that HLA-DQ8–specific microbiota may contribute to disease severity in HLA-DR3.DQ8 mice. Altogether, our study provides evidence that the HLA-DR and -DQ genes linked to specific gut microbiota contribute to EAE susceptibility or resistance in a transgenic animal model of MS.
Critical Role of Zinc Transporter (ZIP8) in Myeloid Innate Immune Cell Function and the Host Response against Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Hall Sannette C , Smith Deandra R , Dyavar Shetty Ravi , Wyatt Todd A , Samuelson Derrick R , Bailey Kristina L , Knoell Daren L 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is required for proper immune function and host defense. Zn homeostasis is tightly regulated by Zn transporters that coordinate biological processes through Zn mobilization. Zn deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most commonly identified cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Myeloid cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), are at the front line of host defense against invading bacterial pathogens in the lung and play a critical role early on in shaping the immune response. Expression of the Zn transporter ZIP8 is rapidly induced following bacterial infection and regulates myeloid cell function in a Zn-dependent manner. To what extent ZIP8 is instrumental in myeloid cell function requires further study. Using a novel, myeloid-specific, Zip8 knockout model, we identified vital roles of ZIP8 in macrophage and DC function upon pneumococcal infection. Administration of S. pneumoniae into the lung resulted in increased inflammation, morbidity, and mortality in Zip8 knockout mice compared with wild-type counterparts. This was associated with increased numbers of myeloid cells, cytokine production, and cell death. In vitro analysis of macrophage and DC function revealed deficits in phagocytosis and increased cytokine production upon bacterial stimulation that was, in part, due to increased NF-κB signaling. Strikingly, alteration of myeloid cell function resulted in an imbalance of Th17/Th2 responses, which is potentially detrimental to host defense. These results (for the first time, to our knowledge) reveal a vital ZIP8- and Zn-mediated axis that alters the lung myeloid cell landscape and the host response against pneumococcus.
Efficacy and safety of propranolol in infants with heart failure due to moderate-to-large ventricular septal defect (VSD-PHF study) – A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian , Ghati Nirmal , Ahuja Ramandeep Singh , Bhatt Kinjal Niranjan , Sati Hem Chandra , Saxena Anita , Kothari Shyam Sunder 
Published: August 2021

Aims :
The utility of beta-blocker therapy in infants with heart failure (HF) due to significant left-to-right shunt lesions is not known. The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of propranolol in infants with HF due to moderate-to-large ventricular septal defect (VSD).

Methods :
The prospective randomized trial included 80 infants with HF and moderate-to-large VSD, randomly allocated to receive either conventional therapy alone (n = 40) or propranolol plus conventional therapy (n = 40). The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality, hospitalization for HF and/or chest infection, and referral for surgery. The secondary clinical outcomes were the individual components of the composite endpoint. In addition, the patients were followed up to detect safety outcomes, for example, bronchospasm, bradyarrhythmia, and worsening HF symptoms.

Results :
The addition of propranolol therapy to the conventional medications did not result in significant improvement in the primary composite endpoint (32.50% vs. 52.50%; P = 0.07). There was a trend toward improvement, but the study is underpowered for this important question. However, propranolol therapy significantly decreased the risk of hospitalization (12.50% vs. 32.50%; P = 0.03) and worsening of Ross HF class (5.41% vs. 28.21%; P = 0.01) as compared to conventional therapy (estimated number needed to treat = 5). Propranolol did not result in any significant safety concerns in these infants except bronchospasm in an infant.

Conclusions :
Propranolol therapy in infants with significant left-to-right shunt may prevent worsening in HF symptoms and hospitalization and is well tolerated. However, it does not reduce mortality or need for surgery.
Gestaltungswille und Algorithm Aversion – Die Auswirkungen der Einflussnahme im Prozess der algorithmischen Entscheidungsfindung auf die Algorithm Aversion
Authors: Gubaydullina Zulian , Judek Jan René , Lorenz Marco , Spiwoks Markus 
Published: August 2021

Obwohl Algorithmen in vielen Anwendungsgebieten präzisere Prognosen abgeben als Menschen, weigern sich Entscheidungsträger häufig, auf Algorithmen zurückzugreifen. In einem ökonomischen Experiment untersuchen wir, ob das Ausmaß dieses als „Algorithm Aversion“ bekannten Phänomens reduziert werden kann, indem Entscheidungsträgern eine Einflussmöglichkeit auf die Ausgestaltung des Algorithmus eingeräumt wird (Einflussmöglichkeit auf den algorithmischen Input). Zusätzlich replizieren wir die Studie von Dietvorst, Simmons & Massey (2018). Darin zeigt sich, dass die Algorithm Aversion deutlich zurückgeht, sofern die Subjekte am Ende die Ergebnisse des Algorithmus – und sei es nur um wenige Prozent – verändern können (Einflussmöglichkeit auf den algorithmischen Output). In der vorliegenden Studie bestätigt sich, dass die Algorithm Aversion bei einer Einflussmöglichkeit auf den algorithmischen Output signifikant zurückgeht. Eine Einflussmöglichkeit auf den algorithmischen Input scheint allerdings nur bedingt geeignet, die Algorithm Aversion zu reduzieren. Die begrenzte Möglichkeit zur Modifikation des algorithmischen Outputs reduziert die Algorithm Aversion effektiver als die Möglichkeit, Einfluss auf den algorithmischen Input zu nehmen.
Estudio comparativo de propiedades del cemento Portland con diferentes opacificadores y MTA presentes en el mercado
Authors: Silva Giomara Catherine , Aznar Fábio Duarte da Costa , Aznar Adriana Rodrigues de Freitas 
Published: August 2021

Objetivo fue investigar qué clase de MTA presente en el mercado ecuatoriano y el cemento Portland con diferentes aditivos es más radiopaco. Una muestra se constituyó de 6 placas de acrílico con dimensiones iguales (2.2 cm x 4.5 cm x 1 mm) a una película radiográfica con seis orificios de 5mm de diámetro cada uno, cada cemento fue mesclado de acuerdo con las especificaciones de cada fabricante y colocado en cada uno de los orificios: Proroot de la Densply, MTA White de la Angelus, Biodentine de la Septodont, cemento Portland sin ningún aditivo, cemento Portland con 20% de sulfato de bario y cemento Portland con 20% de yodoformo, las placas fueron procesadas con el uso de radiovisiógrafo Fona y con un software se determinó la densidad radiográfica. Portland con yodoformo y Portland con sulfato de bario fueron los que presentaron mayor radiopacidad. Portland sin aditivos fue el que presento menor radiopacidad. En lo que se refiere a los MTA de casa comerciales Proroot presentó mayor radiopacidad y el Biodentine el que presentó menor radiopacidad. La radiopacidad es una propiedad que permite al MTA diferenciarlo en una radiografía de las estructuras limitantes, siendo Proroot el más radiopaco.
Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practices Regarding Intestinal and Urinary Parasites among Primary School Children in a Rural Community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Alo C , Akamike IC , Agbo UN , Eze II , Madudueze UC , Okedo-Alex IN , Azuogu BN , Una AF , Elum PO , Ugochukwu C , Nwonwu EU , Ogbonnaya LU 
Published: August 2021

Background: In developing countries, school age children continue to bear the greatest burden of intestinal parasites and schistosomiasis. This study determined the prevalence, knowledge, attitude and practice of preventive measures of intestinal and urinary parasitic infections among primary school children in Ebonyi, Nigeria
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 120 pupils in two primary schools in Igbeagu community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The pupils were purposively selected based on willingness to participate. Data were collected using questionnaires and stool and urine analyses. IBM-SPSS software version 20 was used for data analysis. Chi square test was done at 5% level of significance and 95% confidence interval. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed.
Results: Mean age of respondents was 11.33±2.46, with majority between 6-13 years (102, 85.0%). There were 66 (55.0%) females and 104 (86.7%) respondents had good knowledge about intestinal parasites. Drinking contaminated water (104, 86.7%), using clean toilets (102, 85.9%) and diarrhea (105, 87.5%), were the most identified ways of transmission, prevention and symptomatology respectively. Overall, 117 (97.5%) had good attitude towards prevention and control of intestinal and urinary parasites. Respondents had good preventive practices against intestinal and urinary parasites with majority washing their hands with soap after defecation (100, 83.3%), and before eating (101, 84.2%).
Conclusion: This study reported high levels of knowledge, good attitude and preventive practices against intestinal and urinary parasites. No parasites were found. We recommend that caregivers be targeted for behaviour change interventions as this will augment the positive results already being reported.
OS AVANÇOS DA NEUROCIÊNCIA E A APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: De Souza Molina Cristiane 
Published: August 2021

A educação ganha importância inusitada, na contemporaneidade, quando se podem provar as formas pedagógicas onde se utilizam de ensino aprendizagem eficientes e precisas onde se possa reorganizar o sistema nervoso que se desenvolve a todo o momento, produzindo novos comportamentos. É nesta situação contextual que se atribuiu esta pesquisa tendo a priori como objetivo de esclarecer as notórias contribuições diretas e indiretas da neurociência para se formar docentes. Em primeiro instante, foram atrelados autores em que os escritos que se interligam com a neurociência. Reuniram-se autores que trataram da formação docente e, em um último momento, realizou-se o fato de correr para o mesmo ponto entre os escritos com o objetivo de ligar os conhecimentos neurocientíficos de maneira a poder fazer um redirecionamento tendo como auxílio a serem empregados no que se refere de formação de professores. Iniciando este presente estudo, podemos pontuar e fazer a apresentação de algumas conclusões: a aprendizagem é sequência da neuroplasticidade; o cérebro humano não finaliza o seu processo de desenvolvimento, ocorre à reestruturação ele se organiza de forma simultânea e constante.
Dimensions of Rational Decision-Making during the Demographic Transition; Aranjuez (Spain) Revisited
Authors: Reher David , Sandström Glenn 
Published: August 2021

A set of linked reproductive histories taken from the Spanish town of Aranjuez during the demographic transition is used to address key issues regarding reproductive change and reproductive choice. This paper builds on the existing literature and especially on the findings first shown in Reher & Sanz-Gimeno (2007) and in Van Poppel et al. (2012) where the links between childhood survival and reproductive decision-making were specified. This paper goes beyond the original ones in two important ways: (a) the sex composition of the surviving sibset is included in the analysis and (b) behavior is modeled by means of event history analysis. In these models, controls for the survival status of the previous child are introduced so as to distinguish between biological factors related to the cessation of breastfeeding and both short term (child replacement) and more long-term reproductive strategies. The results offer convincing proof that couples were continually regulating their fertility in order to achieve reproductive goals both in terms of net fertility and of the sex composition of the resulting sibset. Here results show that both sexes were desired by parents but that lack of surviving males had greater influence on fertility behavior. As expected, controls for the survival status of the previous-born child were important though they did not diminish appreciably the overall effect of the number of surviving offspring. This article offers strong proof for the existence of active decision-making during the demographic transition and applies a method to model these behaviors over the full reproductive history of the couple.
ANALISIS BIAYA DAN PENDAPATAN USAHA TANI TOMAT DI KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Awaliyah Fitri , Rostwentivaivi Vela 
Published: August 2021

Kabupaten Garut pada tahun 2018 mempunyai proporsi produksi tomat mencapai 35,46% dari total produksi tomat keseluruhan di Provinsi Jawa Barat, sehingga mempunyai potensi besar dalam proses budidaya dan akan memberikan manfaat yang besar dalam meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat Kabupaten Garut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengaanalisis biaya dan pendapatan usahatani komoditas tomat, agar mengetahui efisiensi dan efektivitas pengelolaan pembudidayaan komoditas tomat di Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 Kecamatan sentra budidaya komoditas tomat yaitu di Kecamatan Cikajang, Cigedug, Cisurupan dan Pasirwangi dengan mewawancarai 40 petani tomat yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode perhitungan keuntungan dengan cara penerimaan dikurangi biaya total setelah itu menggunakan R/C rasio. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa usahatani tomat di Kabupaten Garut mampu memberikan keuntungan terhadap petani dan layak untuk dikembangkan. Kata kata Kunci: Biaya, Pendapatan, Usahatani Tomat, RC Rasio.
The Visible and Less-visible World: Social Ethnography in the Study of World Christianity
Authors: Jeremiah Anderson H. M. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Exploring the idea of religion as the cumulative experiences of an individual within a community, part of lived human existence, this article will argue that “World Christianity” needs to be understood as a social phenomenon deeply enmeshed in the emotional and intellectual encounters of humanity within which the “sacred” is located and experienced. Christian belief and its corresponding symbols are intimately linked to the worldly conditions and “lived-in-environments.” Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork in South India, Ghana and England, this article will explore the place of sacred objects, images of the divine, and rituals, which are often treated with great reverence so as to extract power and to prevent misfortune in personal, social, and economic life. From a social ethnographic perspective, this article will shed light on the methodological challenges stemming from the fact that human beings are not neutral/passive observers but are rather active participants in shaping their notions of the “sacred.”
A Sound Ethnography
Authors: Muir Pauline Elaine 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Congregational music and verbal utterances are germane to the liturgical practices of World Christianity. However, methodologies that give primacy to the visual are privileged. This essay argues for an emphasis on sound, recognizing that while both the visual and the aural are critical elements in the communication exchange, this emphasis can reveal data unavailable elsewhere and uncover a cauldron of ambiguities and contradictions. Using Nattiez’s analytical framework of music discourse and data from an African mega church in the UK, congregational singing and chanted confessions are analyzed. The findings reveal struggle and adaptation highlighting both resistance and assimilation in the sonic field. The article concludes that paying attention to sonic representations in congregations is a fruitful site of inquiry for World Christianity.
Black Identities, Contemporary Literature, and Afro-diasporic Traditions
Authors: Rodrigues Felipe Fanuel Xavier 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThe goal of this article is to provide a critical appraisal of the religious tropes embedded in contemporary Black women’s writing in Brazil. By examining Afro-diasporic religious symbols in literary texts, I highlight the survival of African deities as a significant move to transform the lasting effects of historical repression against African-derived religions. As cultural warriors, Black women writers use African heritage as a strategy to redress the history of derogation of Black humanity, affirm racial identities, and revise the epistemic violence sanctioned by institutionalized Christianity.
Development of PPKn learning module based on Surabaya local wisdom to improve student's learning achievement on social cultural diversity materials in Class IV at SDN Kandangan I/121 Surabaya
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Sarmini Sarmini , Setyowati Nanik 
Published: August 2021

This study aims to (1) produce a Civics learning module based on local wisdom in Surabaya to improve student achievement in fourth-grade elementary school; (2) describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Civics learning module based on local wisdom in Surabaya to improve learning achievement in the material "Socio-Cultural Diversity". This research is development research that refers to the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) development model. Data collection techniques were carried out by observing, distributing questionnaires, and administering tests. Data analysis technique using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques consisting of the validity of learning tools, analysis of student activities, analysis of the implementation of lesson plans, and learning achievement tests. Learning tools with Civics learning modules are then validated by experts. The results of expert validation stated that the learning tools with the Civics learning module were valid to be used. Then it was tested on fourth-grade students at SDN Kandangan I/121 Surabaya with pre-test and post-test. The results of field trials show (1) learning devices with the developed Civics learning module are categorized as very valid with an average score of 3.73; (2) the practical developed learning tools are based on the implementation of the lesson plans which are categorized as very good with an average implementation percentage of 93.75% and the achievement of student activities which are categorized as very well implemented with an average implementation percentage of 92.31%; (3) effective learning tools developed based on the results of students' learning achievement tests which showed that the N-Gain of 32 students was in the high category with an average of 0.72. It can be concluded that the Civics learning module based on local wisdom in Surabaya is feasible and can improve the learning achievement of fourth-grade students at SDN Kandangan I/121 Surabaya.
Study of Surface Modification of Electrospun Polyethylene Oxide Composite Fibre
Authors: Alayande S O 
Published: August 2021

Functionalization of polymers had gained attention because of advance applications as sensor, energy devices, membrane, etc. This present study is aimed at studying surface modification as a result of electrospinning functionalized polyethylene oxide (PEO) with zinc ion.Â Zinc chloride was added in various proportions to PEO solution then electrospun at various voltage. Fibres resulted into various shapes; belt, rod, mat and thread which differs from the primary PEO. The mechanism for the morphology modification was studied and the optimum conditions which retain the fibrous morphology were noted. This functionalized PEO can be used as energy device.
Bimbingan Teknis Peningkatan Profesionalisme Sumber Daya Manusia Melalui Pendampingan Pengolahan Data Statistik
Authors: Bakri Rizal , Tafsir Muhammad , Astuti Niken Probondani , Razak Nurlaely 
Published: August 2021

Pembangunan kapasitas sumberdaya manusia memiliki peran penting dalam pengembangan organisasi. Keberhasilan suatu lembaga atau organisasi sangat tergantung pada sumber daya manusia yang mengelolanya. Pengembangan sumber daya manusia bertujuan untuk dapat memeperbaiki kinerja karyawan. Selain itu tujuan diselenggarakan pengembangan sumber daya manusia aparatur untuk membekali, meningkatkan dan mengembangkan kompetensi kerja guna meningkatkan kemampuan, produktivitas dan kesejahteraan.
Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau dan Penyuluhan Perikanan, yang selanjutnya disingkat BRPBAP3, merupakan Unit Pelaksana Teknis Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan di bidang riset perikanan budidaya air payau dan penyuluhan perikanan, yang berada di bawah dan bertanggung jawab kepada kepala badan yang menangani riset kelautan dan perikanan serta pengembangan sumber daya manusia kelautan dan perikanan.Kendala yang dihadapi peneliti dilingkup ini masih minimnya pemahaman alat-alat analisis dalam mengelola data. Peningkatan sumber daya manusia BRPBAP3 dilakukan dengan memberikan kesempatan bagi peneliti untuk mengikuti berbagai pelatihan yang berkaitan dengan penelitian.
Dalam rangka meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan Sumber Daya Manusia di lingkup Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau dan Penyuluhan Perikanan, dilaksanakan pelatihan Pengolahan data statistik pada tanggal 7 Januari 2019 Pelatihan tersebut diikuti oleh para peneliti.
Manajemen Tata Kelola Jurnal Dan Pelatihan Penggunaan OJS Versi 3 di Perguruan Tinggi Swasta
Authors: Bakri Rizal , Astuti Niken Probondani 
Published: August 2021

LPPM/P3M adalah lembaga yang bertanggung jawab atas pengelolaan dan peningkatan riset dan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh sivitas akademika. Salah satu indikator penunjang kinerja riset yang terus ditingkatkan oleh LPPM/P3M adalah jurnal ilmiah. LPPM/P3M terus berupaya agar seluruh jurnal yang ada di Kampus mereka mampu meraih akareditasi dari DIKTI dan terindeks di database internasional besar seperti SCOPUS dan Thomson Reuters.
Sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas pengelolaan jurnal di lingkungan Perguruan Tinggi Swasta, LPPM/P3M akan mengadakan workshop bertajuk “Manajemen Tata Kelola Jurnal dan Pelatihan Penggunaan OJS Versi 3” untuk menyiapkan jurnal-jurnal akreditasi nasional dan selanjutnya terindeks dalam database internasional pada Tiga Perguruan Tinggi Swasta yang menjadi objek pengabdian yaitu STIEM Bongaya, STKIP Muhammadiyah Bone, dan Universitas Atmajaya Makassar.