bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Radiomics Approach to Evaluating Tumor‐Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells in Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using Noncontrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Bian Yun , Liu Cong , Li Qi , Meng Yinghao , Liu Fang , Zhang Hao , Fang Xu , Li Jing , Yu Jieyu , Feng Xiaochen , Ma Chao , Zhao Zengrui , Wang Li , Xu Jun , Shao Chengwei , Lu Jianping 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundCD8+T cell in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is closely related to the prognosis and treatment response of patients. Accurate preoperative CD8+ T‐cell expression can better identify the population benefitting from immunotherapy.PurposeTo develop and validate a machine learning classifier based on noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the preoperative prediction of CD8+ T‐cell expression in patients with PDAC.Study TypeRetrospective cohort study.PopulationOverall, 114 patients with PDAC undergoing MR scan and surgical resection; 97 and 47 patients in the training and validation cohorts.Field Strength/Sequence/3 TBreath‐hold single‐shot fast‐spin echo T2‐weighted sequence and noncontrast T1‐weighted fat‐suppressed sequences.AssessmentCD8+ T‐cell expression was quantified using immunohistochemistry. For each patient, 2232 radiomics features were extracted from noncontrast T1‐ and T2‐weighted images and reduced using the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. Linear discriminative analysis was used to construct radiomics and mixed models. Model performance was determined by its discriminative ability, calibration, and clinical utility.Statistical TestsKaplan–Meier estimates, Student's t‐test, the Kruskal–Wallis H test, and the chi‐square test, receiver operating characteristic curve, and decision curve analysis.ResultsA log‐rank test showed that the survival duration in the CD8‐high group (25.51 months) was significantly longer than that in the CD8‐low group (22.92 months). The mixed model included all MRI characteristics and 13 selected radiomics features, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77–0.92) and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.53–0.82) in the training and validation cohorts. The radiomics model included 13 radiomics features, which showed good discrimination in the training cohort (AUC, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77–0.92) and the validation cohort (AUC, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61–0.87).Data ConclusionsThis study developed a noncontrast MRI‐based radiomics model that can preoperatively determine CD8+ T‐cell expression in patients with PDAC and potentially immunotherapy planning.Evidence Level5Technical EfficacyStage 2
Procedural outcome of lead explant and countertraction‐assisted femoral lead extraction in Thai patients with cardiac implantable electronic device infection
Authors: Jiratham‐Opas Jirarat , Prasertwitayakij Narawudt , Nantsupawat Teerapat , Wongcharoen Wanwarang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundCardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation rate has been increasing worldwide. Despite proper surgical technique and preincisional intravenous antibiotics, the incidence of infected CIED remains high and leads to serious complications. When encountered with CIED infection, complete CIED system removal is indicated. Several lead extraction approaches have shown a high success rate. However, the facilities are limited in Thailand. In our current practice, we perform lead extraction using the Dotter basket snare femoral approach as our primary method. There are no prior data on this countertraction‐assisted transfemoral technique. Therefore, we aim to study the procedural outcome of countertraction‐assisted transfemoral lead removal technique of CIED infection in Thai patients.MethodsPatients diagnosed with CIED infection and with a history of device infection were retrospectively included. Simple manual removal was performed. In case of failure, we proceeded with the modified countertraction‐assisted transfemoral technique.ResultsThere were 35 patients in the study. The success rate was 94.3%. Most of the leads, 62.8%, were removed by simple manual traction. In the 37.1% who required further femoral approach lead extractions, procedural failure was observed in 5.7% and procedure‐related adverse events in 5.6%. CIED infection‐related death accounted for 5.7% and nosocomial infection‐related death, 2.8%.ConclusionThe success rate of CIED infection lead explant and countertraction‐assisted transfemoral lead extraction technique was high with small complications and can be performed without advanced facilities. However, the procedure required a main center with a cardiovascular thoracic surgery support team.
Carcass characteristics and meat evaluation of cattle finished in temperate pasture and supplemented with natural additive containing clove, cashew oil, castor oils, and a microencapsulated blend of eugenol, thymol, and vanillin
Authors: Mottin Camila , Ornaghi Mariana Garcia , Carvalho Venício Macêdo , Guerrero Ana , Vital Ana Carolina Pelaes , Ramos Tatiane Rogelio , Bonin Edinéia , Lana de Araújo Fabiana , de Araújo Castilho Ricardo , do Prado Ivanor Nunes 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDForty crossbred steers were supplemented with different doses (from 0 control to 6000 mg/animal/day) of natural additive blend containing clove essential oil, cashew oil, castor oil, and a microencapsulated blend of eugenol, thymol, and vanillin for 80 days. Carcass characteristics, drip loss, and antioxidant activity were evaluated 24 h post mortem on longissimus thoracis, and the effects of aging (until 14 days) were evaluated for water losses (thawing/aging and cooking), texture, color, and lipid oxidation.RESULTSThe use of the natural additive blend did not modify (P > 0.05) carcass characteristics but did, however, modify body composition (P < 0.05). Drip losses were unaffected by the treatments tested (P > 0.05). There was an observed quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on losses from thawing/aging on the first day of storage. Regarding the effects of natural additives on cooking losses, there was a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) among the treatments on day 7 of aging. Differences between days of aging were only observed with control treatment. Shear force was similar among treatments on days 1 and 7 of aging. On day 14 a linear effect (P < 0.05) was observed. Also, a linear effect (P < 0.05) appeared on meat lightness, meat from the control group being clearer on day 1. No changes were observed in redness among treatments or days of storage (P > 0.05). Yellowness was not modified by the treatments (P > 0.05)but only by the days of storage in control and the lowest dosage used.CONCLUSIONThe blend of natural additives has potential use in pasture feeding and could improve meat quality. However, doses should be adjusted. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Positive effect of compound amino acid chelated calcium from the shell and skirt of scallop in an ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Song Jiale , Liu Guofeng , Song Yahui , Jiao Kui , Wang Shanglong , Cao Tingfeng , Yu Jia , Wei Yuxi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDOsteoporosis has become an important public health issue with the increase of aging population, and afflicts millions of people worldwide, particularly elderly or postmenopausal women. In the present study, we prepared compound amino acid chelated calcium (CAA‐Ca) from processing by‐products of Chlamys farreri, and evaluated its effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis with an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model.RESULTSA 60‐day treatment of OVX rats with CAA‐Ca significantly enhanced the bone mineral density (BMD) and the bone calcium content. Meanwhile, some bone morphometric parameters, trabecular bone number (Tb.N), trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular bone thickness (Tb.Th) and cortical bone wall thickness (Ct.Th), were also increased by 8.20%, 118.18%, 32.99% and 19.10%, respectively. In addition, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in serum were significantly reduced after CAA‐Ca treatment, while the blood calcium levels were increased. Mechanistically, CAA‐Ca down‐regulated the levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB (RANK) and receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL), and up‐regulated osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in osteoclasts, inhibiting bone resorption and bone loss. Meanwhile, CAA‐Ca treatment raised β‐catenin levels and lowered Dickkopf1 (DKK1) levels in the Wnt signaling pathway of osteoblasts, which can promote calcium absorption and bone formation.CONCLUSIONThe results suggested that CAA‐Ca promoted bone formation, inhibited bone resorption and improved bone microstructure. Therefore, this study contributes to the potential application of CAA‐Ca as a functional food resource in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Deep eutectic solvent‐modified mixed iron hydroxide–silica: Application in magnetic solid‐phase extraction for enrichment of organochlorine pesticides prior to GC‐MS analysis
Authors: Phosiri Preeyaporn , Burakham Rodjana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA new type of magnetic material based on silica‐coated mixed iron hydroxides functionalized with deep eutectic solvent was utilized for the magnetic solid‐phase extraction of organochlorine pesticides prior to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Choline chloride and phenol were selected as the hydrogen bond acceptor and donor, respectively, for preparing the deep eutectic solvent‐modified magnetic surface. The modified surface possessed superior enrichment capability for organochlorine pesticides. Under optimal extraction conditions, viz., 10 mg sorbent, 5 mL sample solution, and 200 μL acetone (desorption solvent), linearity was obtained in the range 0.005–200 μg/L, with coefficients of determination greater than 0.997. The limits of detection and quantification were as low as 0.6–10 and 5–60 ng/L, respectively, whereas the enrichment factors were in the range of 31–100. The precisions evaluated in terms of the relative standard deviations of the intra‐ and inter‐day experiments were <4.9 and 7.6%, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for determining the organochlorine residues in agricultural products. Satisfactory recoveries in the range of 71.2–110.3% were obtained, with a relative standard deviation of <8.0%. The proposed material is a promising sorbent for the preconcentration of organochlorine residues.
Feasibility of supercritical fluid extraction‐supercritical fluid chromatography mass spectrometry for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particulate matter samples
Authors: Tang Shida , Liu Sharlin , Frank Brian P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere has been an increased interest in the development of green analytical methods for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental samples due to their toxicity and ubiquitous nature. In this work, the feasibility of on‐line supercritical fluid extraction‐supercritical fluid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry was investigated for rapid and automated determination of the 16 United States Environmental Protection Agency priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particulate matter samples. Three specialty polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons columns with different stationary phases were screened and an octadecyl‐silica column was selected for method development. Enhanced extraction efficiency was achieved using an extraction program with gradient flow rate and gradient concentration of acetonitrile as a modifier. The method was evaluated by analyzing standard reference materials of urban dust and diesel particulate matter from the National Institute of Standards and Technologies. Possible reasons for the unsatisfactory recoveries with certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are discussed.
Modeling Cumulative Effects of Climate and Development on Moose, Wolf, and Caribou Populations
Authors: Rempel Robert S. , Carlson Matthew , Rodgers Arthur R. , Shuter Jennifer L. , Farrell Claire E. , Cairns Devin , Stelfox Brad , Hunt Len M. , Mackereth Robert W. , Jackson Janet M. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTWildlife models focused solely on a single strong influence (e.g., habitat components, wildlife harvest) are limited in their ability to detect key mechanisms influencing population change. Instead, we propose integrated modeling in the context of cumulative effects assessment using multispecies population dynamics models linked to landscape‐climate simulation at large spatial and temporal scales. We developed an integrated landscape and population simulation model using ALCES Online as the model‐building platform, and the model accounted for key ecological components and relationships among moose (Alces alces), grey wolves (Canis lupus nubilus), and woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in northern Ontario, Canada. We simulated multiple scenarios over 5 decades (beginning 2020) to explore sensitivity to climate change and land use and assessed effects at multiple scales. The magnitude of effect and the relative importance of key factors (climate change, roads, and habitat) differed depending on the scale of assessment. Across the full extent of the study area (654,311km2[ecozonal scale]), the caribou population declined by 26% largely because of climate change and associated predator‐prey response, which led to caribou range recession in the southern part of the study area. At the caribou range scale (108,378 km2), which focused on 2 herds in the northern part of the study area, climate change led to a 10% decline in the population and development led to an additional 7% decline. At the project scale (8,331 km2), which was focused more narrowly on the landscape surrounding 4 proposed mines, the caribou population declined by 29% largely in response to simulated development. Given that observed caribou population dynamics were sensitive to the cumulative effects of climate change, land use, interspecific interactions, and scale, insights from the analysis might not emerge under a less complex model. Our integrated modeling framework provides valuable support for broader regional assessments, including estimation of risk to caribou and Indigenous food security, and for developing and evaluating potential caribou recovery strategies. © 2021 The Authors.The Journal of Wildlife Managementpublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Predicting Pasture and Forest Landowner Intention to Create Early Successional Habitat
Authors: Meister Hannah M. , Valdez Rene X. , Martin Dustin , Bulluck Lesley P. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTAs human land uses expand across the landscape, the management practices of private landowners are an essential part of effective conservation. Early successional habitats (ESH) and the species that depend on them are a priority in the eastern United States, and efforts to create ESH on private lands has primarily focused on forest landowners and timber harvests. Private pasture lands in a forested landscape present an additional opportunity to create and maintain ESH, yet our understanding of landowner values and attitudes about management strategies in pastures is lacking. To address this, we surveyed private landowners in 5 Virginia counties who own ≥10.1 ha at >610 m elevation (n = 503). Our primary objective was to understand how a variety of factors such as landowner values, past experience with habitat management, and perceived barriers to carrying out habitat management are associated with private landowner intention to carry out 7 ESH management strategies (i.e., reduced mowing, reduced grazing, timber harvests within forest, timber harvests at a field‐forest border, prescribed fire, use of machinery, and use of herbicides to control invasive species) for the benefit of wildlife in the next 5 years. We used boosted regression trees to determine which factors best predicted the intention to carry out each management strategy. We were able to predict accuracy >75% of the time for landowner intention to engage in open pasture and timber management strategies. Landowner values were not consistent across the different management strategies; landowners likely to reduce mowing or grazing valued ecological aspects of their land (e.g., pollinator habitat, water quality), whereas landowners likely to harvest timber valued hunting and revenue. Past experience with wildlife management was the strongest predictor of likelihood to reduce mowing and grazing. Our results suggest that expanding outreach efforts to include pasture management options would engage a broader set of landowners in creating ESH, especially if such efforts highlighted the benefits to pollinator species, water quality, and enhanced opportunities for hunting and other types of recreation. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Ergonomic Analysis of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Using Novel Inertial Sensors
Authors: Arrighi‐Allisan Annie E. , Garvey Katherine L. , Wong Anni , Filip Peter , Shah Janki , Spock Todd , Del Signore Anthony , Cosetti Maura K. , Govindaraj Satish , Iloreta Alfred Marc 
Published: August 2021

Objectives/HypothesisSuboptimal ergonomics during endoscopic sinus surgery can lead to considerable physical discomfort and fatigue for the surgeon. The purpose of this pilot study is to objectively evaluate the ergonomic positions of trainee and attending surgeons while performing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).Study DesignPilot prospective trial.MethodsSix surgeons (two attendings and four trainees) performed FESS while wearing 11 inertial measurement units (IMUs) affixed to either side of each major joint. Screen placement was standardized to be 1 m directly in front of the surgeon and on the patient's left, 0–15° declined from the surgeons' eyes. Bed height was standardized such that the workspace was 0 to 10 cm below the elbows. IMU data were analyzed to calculate joint angles. Ideal joint angles (i.e., <10° for neck and trunk) were determined by the validated Rapid Entire Body Assessment tool. Subjects subsequently completed a modified National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index to assess cognitive and physical burden and pain. Student's t‐test was employed to detect differences between groups.ResultsTrainees adopted positions involving significantly greater neck flexion (9.90° vs. −6.48°, P = .03) and reported significantly higher frustration levels (3.04 vs. 1.33, P = .02) while operating than attendings. For both cohorts, increased operative time was significantly correlated with greater back flexion (r = 0.90, P = .02; r = 0.55, P = .04, respectively).ConclusionsOur data suggest that trainees operate with higher risk neck postures than do attendings. These data indicate high‐risk operative postures may be borne of inexperience and present an opportunity for postural interventions at an early stage of training.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:1153–1159, 2022
Soil meso‐fauna community composition predicts ecosystem multifunctionality along a coastal‐inland gradient of the Bohai Bay
Authors: Kou Xinchang , Tao Yan , Wang Shengzhong , Wu Zhengfang , Wu Haitao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have determined the importance of soil biodiversity for maintaining ecosystem services and multifunctionality. However, the relationship between soil meso‐fauna biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in the real world has yet to be evaluated. In this study, the relationships between soil meso‐fauna community compositions and ecosystem multifunctionality along a coastal‐inland distance gradient were investigated, including 1 km (1T), 15 km (2T), 30 km (3T), 45 km (4T), and 60 km (5T) locations. Our results showed that the soil properties were significantly indicated a decreasing trend after the 3T line. However, the soil meso‐fauna biodiversity indices were observed to have all reached the peak value at the 4T line. In addition, it was found that the soil meso‐fauna biodiversity indices were highly correlated with the ecosystem multifunctionality. These findings further confirmed the fact that the contributions of the soil meso‐fauna community biodiversity indices (59.34%) to ecosystem multifunctionality were as important as, or even more important than, those of the soil environmental factors (40.66%). Therefore, it was concluded that the variations in ecosystem multifunctionality were closely related to the changes in the soil meso‐fauna community biodiversity. In other words, soil meso‐fauna community compositions can be effectively used to predict ecosystem multifunctionality along coastal‐inland ecosystems. These findings, are the first study to provide empirical evidence linking soil meso‐fauna community compositions to ecosystem multifunctionality in real‐world coastal‐inland ecosystems. Certainly, future studies that combine multi‐trophic levels and consider their interactions will be able to clarify the relationships between the below‐ground soil fauna communities and ecosystem multifunctionality.
Quantifying upwelling in tropical shallow waters: A novel method using a temperature stratification index
Authors: Guillaume‐Castel Robin , Williams Gareth J. , Rogers Justin S. , Gove Jamison M. , Green J. A. Mattias 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUpwelling has profound effects on nearshore tropical ecosystems, but our ability to study these patterns and processes depends on quantifying upwelling dynamics in a repeatable and rigorous manner. Previous methods often lack the ability to identify individual cold‐pulse events within temperature time series data or require several user‐defined parameters, and therefore previous hydrographic knowledge of the study site. When unavailable, parameters are chosen arbitrarily or from previous studies potentially conducted under different environmental contexts. Previous methods also require the user to manually separate upwelling‐induced cold‐pulse events from those caused by other physical mechanisms like surface downwelling. Here, we present a novel method that uses a temperature stratification index (TSI) to detect upwelling‐induced cold‐water intrusions in tropical waters. We define a cold pulse as a continuous period having an abnormally low TSI, with this criterion based on a climatological threshold of the temperature profile at the study site calculated from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction's Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS) reanalysis product. Our TSI method is therefore automatically tuned for the study site in question, removing biases associated with user‐defined input parameters. The method also automatically determines the directional origin of the cold‐water mass to isolate upwelling‐induced cooling and can achieve overall cold‐pulse detection rates 10–14.2% higher than previous methods. Our new TSI method can easily be adapted to detect a range of physical processes in shallow waters, including intrusion of water masses through upwelling, downwelling, and horizontal advection.