bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating Inhibitory Factor 1 levels in adult patients with Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Delvecchio Maurizio , Grugni Graziano , Mai Stefania , Favoino Elvira , Ingletto Annalisa , Gnoni Antonio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic syndrome characterized by hyperphagia and early development of morbid obesity. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are major comorbidities in these patients leading to premature death. Inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) works as a regulatory protein, inhibiting the ATP hydrolase activity of mitochondrial ATP synthase and likely playing a role in lipid metabolism. We aimed to assay IF1 in adult patients with PWS evaluating any relationship with clinical, genetic and biochemical parameters.

Methods
We recruited 35 adult patients with genetically confirmed PWS.

Results
IF1 serum concentration displayed a normal distribution with an average value of 70.7 ± 22.6 pg/mL, a median value of 66.1 pg/mL. It was above the reference range only in one patient. All parameters were compared from both sides of IF1 median without displaying any significant differences. Patients with normal or low HDL-cholesterol did not present any difference as regards IF1 levels, which were not different between patients with and without MetS. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) serum levels (r=0.623; p<0.001) showed a statistically significant correlation with IF1. Cholesterol and its fractions did not present any correlation with IF1.

Conclusions
In this study we do not confirm that HDL-cholesterol and IF1 are correlated, but we show that in adult PWS patients, NEFA are correlated with serum IF1. This protein could play a role to some extent in determining the complex metabolic alterations in PWS patients.
Evaluation of Y chromosome microdeletions and chromosomal anomalies in infertile men
Authors: Oz Ozlem 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Chromosome anomalies and Y chromosome microdeletions are one of the reasons that can be seen in infertile patients and affect fertility. In this study, it was aimed to determine the frequencies of chromosomal anomalies and Y chromosome microdeletions in primary infertile male patients.

Methods
We included 374 patients with primary infertility in this study. Cytogenetic analysis was performed with the GTG banding technique by using trypsin and Giemsa stain. Y microdeletion analysis was studied by multiplex polymerase chain reaction using 28 Y chromosome-specific sequence-tagged sites.

Results
Chromosomal irregularities were detected in 27 (7.22%) of infertile cases. It was observed that 7 (25.92%) of chromosomal irregularities detected in cases were in autosomal and 20 (%74.08) were in gonosomal chromosomes. The incidence of Y chromosome microdeletion was 1.07% (4/374) and the microdeletions were observed in AZFb, AZFc and AZFd regions. AZFc + AZFd deletion was detected in three patients (0.81%) and AZFb + AZFc + AZFd deletion in one patient (0.26%).

Conclusions
In conclusion, gonosomal chromosome irregularity was higher than autosomal chromosome irregularity in infertile men. The frequency of Y microdeletion has different rates according to some factors such as ethnic differences of patients, patient selection criteria, differences in the number of cases, and methodological aspects.
Emergent bilinguals in a digital world: a dynamic analysis of long-term L2 development in (pre)primary school children
Authors: Pfenninger Simone E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, I present dense, longitudinal data exploring the insights that a Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) perspective can bring to bear on patterns of relationships found between learner individual differences – notably age of onset (AO) and extracurricular L2 English use – in children in (pre)primary programs in Switzerland. We studied 71 children who had received 50/50 bilingual instruction in German and English (so-called “partial CLIL” programs) as well as 105 children in “minimal CLIL” programs with almost uniquely monolingual German instruction (90% German, 10% English). In the data analysis, (1) generalized additive mixed modeling (GAMM) was combined with (2) mixed-effects regression modeling. The findings show that AO may exert an effect on L2 performance in bilingual but not traditional instructional settings. Furthermore, contact with English outside school is a strong predictor for learner outcome, regardless of the intensity of instruction and an early or late start respectively. We conclude that the traditional view of the age factor in instructional settings needs to give way to a new understanding of L2 development in intensive exposure conditions, in which age of acquisition is seen as a major determinant.
Joining forces to administer COVID-19 vaccines
Authors: Johnson Kenneth H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The national vaccination effort for novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is among the greatest operational challenges America has ever faced, the success of which depends upon reaching communities across the United States. In this Commentary, the Executive Dean of Ohio University’s Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine (OUHCOM) describes the logistics and processes of vaccine delivery at OUHCOM, both on campus and beyond. Among those logistical considerations is a partnership with the local health department and hospital system, as well as student involvement in vaccination efforts.
Earth and World(s): From Heidegger’s Fourfold to Contemporary Anthropology
Authors: Gevorkyan Sofya , Segovia Carlos A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article aims at contributing to the contemporary reception of Heidegger’s thought in eco-philosophical perspective. Its point of departure is Heidegger’s claim, in his Bremen lectures andThe Question Concerning Technology, that today the earth is submitted to permanent requisition and planned ordering, and that, having thus lost sight of its auto-poiesis, we are no longer capable of listening, tuning in, and singing back to what he calls in his course on Heraclitus the “song of the earth.” Accordingly, first we examine how the inherently reciprocal dynamics of “earth” and “world,” as thematised by Heidegger inThe Origin of the Work of Art, have become opaque. Second, we analyse whether it is possible to find those same dynamics at play behind Heidegger’s “Fourfold,” which we propose to reread in binary key in dialogue with contemporary anthropology, from Bateson and Lévi-Strauss to Wagner and Viveiros de Castro, and in light of Guattari’s notion of “trans-entitarian generativity.” Third, we stress the need to reposition Heidegger’s thought alongside contemporary concerns on “worlding” and we explore its plausible intersections with today’s object-oriented ethnography. Lastly, we discuss the possibility of rereading Heidegger’s Fourfold afresh against the backdrop of Heidegger’s non-foundational thinking, as a conceptual metaphor for the joint dynamics ofAbgrundandGrund.
Foundations of Practical Spiritual Theology: Walter Hilton as a Case Study in Retrieval
Authors: Goodrich Kevin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article explores the relationships between spirituality, spiritual theology, and practical theology. It proposes a synthesis of these disciplines – practical spiritual theology – as a method and methodology for retrieving the wisdom of historical Christian mystics for the purposes of sustaining and inspiring the spiritual life of contemporary Christians. The 14th century English mystic, Walter Hilton, is used to illustrate this synthesis in practice.
Physico-mechanical comparative study on gamma irradiated high density polyethylene/eggshell and commercial calcium carbonate composites
Authors: Mohamed Maysa A. , Mounir Rania , EL-Zayat Mai. M. , Raslan Heba A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChicken eggshell powder (ESP) as natural source of CaCO3was incorporated as natural filler into High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).This natural source can be considered as an effective alternative for the commercial calcium carbonate (CC) filler. Characterization of ESP and CC was investigated by FTIR and XRD analysis. HDPE composites filled with 30 phr (ESP) and (CC) were prepared using internal mixer. 2 phr maleic anhydride (MA) was added as compatibilizing agent to HDPE/ESP composite. The prepared composites were vulcanized by usingγ-radiation at doses from 50 to 150 kGy. Mechanical and flame retardancy properties of all composites were investigated; composites were thermally analyzed using TGA and DSC. The results showed that, the mechanical properties of HDPE decrease by incorporation of ESP or CC into it, as it was noticed that the mechanical properties of HDPE/ESP composite were better than the mechanical properties of HDPE/CC composite. Moreover, addition of MA led to improvement in mechanical properties of the HDPE/ESP composite. As well, the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the composites increased by adding ESP or CC to HDPE. The results were proved by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
„In dem Moment habe ich mich sehr erschreckt …“ Was Medizin-Studierende nach dem anatomischen Präparierkurs ihren Körperspendern mitteilen wollen
Authors: Frick Eckhard , Naumann Julia , Peschel Oliver , Waadt Michael 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungFragestellungViele medizinische Fakultäten laden zu Erinnerungs- und Dankfeiern im Anschluss an den Kursus der Makroskopischen Anatomie ein. Im Hinblick auf eine bio-psycho-sozio-spirituell orientierte Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung untersucht die vorliegende Studie implizite Gefühle und Gedanken von Medizinstudierenden während der Feier, die Leib-/Körper-Differenzierung und die spirituellen Aspekte des medizinischen Unterrichtes.MethodeWir untersuchten 1653 kurze Texte, mit denen sich Studierende an die Körperspender wandten. Davon enthielten 140 auffällige Latenzen. Im Rahmen eines interdisziplinären Workshops identifizierten wir sechs Fälle, die wir mit zwei Verfahren der objektiven Hermeneutik bearbeiteten (Sequenzanalyse und Tiefenhermeneutik).ErgebnisseWährend fortschreitender Entpersönlichung des im Verlauf des Präparierkurses fragmentierten Leichnams entsteht in den Studierenden die Repräsentanz einer Person „hinter“ dem anatomischen Objekt. Beim Abfassen des kurzen Textes an den Spender stellt die Bewältigung der Erfahrung von Vergänglichkeit für Studierenden eine persönliche spirituelle Herausforderung dar.DiskussionDie Berücksichtigung unbewusster Gefühle und Gedanken im Anschluss an den Präparierkurs kann Lehrende im Medizinstudium inspirieren.
Von der Filiale zur Zentrale: Die EDEKABANK in Hamburg1
Authors: Martens Holger 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Zur Förderung ihrer genossenschaftlich organisierten Lebensmittel-Einzelhändler planten die Gründer der EDEKA-Einrichtungen schon früh die Errichtung eines eigenen Kreditinstituts. Es waren zahlreiche Hindernisse zu überwinden, bis die Genossenschaftsbank etabliert war. Die Verlegung des Hauptsitzes von Berlin nach Hamburg war das Ergebnis der Nachkriegsentwicklung. 1972 erfolgte die Umwandlung in eine Aktiengesellschaft unter Beibehaltung genossenschaftlicher Prinzipien. Grundlage des Erfolgs war von Anbeginn die enge Verbindung mit den EDEKA-Kaufleuten und die Orientierung an ihren Bedürfnissen. Die EDEKABANK kann damit nicht nur auf über 100 Jahre erfolgreiche Unternehmensgeschichte zurückblicken, sondern hat auch einen maßgeblichen Anteil an der Entwicklung der genossenschaftlich organisierten EDEKA-Gruppe zum größten Unternehmen im deutschen Lebensmittelhandel mit einem Marktanteil von über 26 Prozent.
Public Private Partnership: Alternatif Pembangunan Infrastruktur dalam Negri
Authors: Dzakky Fahmi 
Published: March 2021

Sebagai regulator dan fasilitator proyek infrastruktur Indonesia, Pemerintah telah mengundang partisipasi sektor swasta melalui pengaturan Public Private Partnership (PPP) atau yang dikenal juga dengan Kerjasama Pemerintah dengan Badan Usaha (KPBU). Kemitraan Pemerintah-Swasta umumnya dicirikan oleh entitas sektor swasta yang mengumpulkan dana untuk membangun aset yang dibutuhkan oleh Pemerintah, dan menyediakan fasilitas atau layanan sebagai imbalan aliran pendapatan kontraktual dari Pemerintah atau pengguna. Hal ini disebabkan PPP dikatakan efektif untuk dijadikan alternatif pembangunan infrastruktur di dalam negeri. Tulisan ini akan menganalisis mengenai eksistensi PPP sebagai unsur alternatif pembangunan infrastruktur di Indonesia, dilihat dari aspek hukum dan implementasinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh adalah Pemerintah harus berupaya untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas kontrak dan perbaikan skema PPP sehingga dapat menarik investor turut membantu pemerintah pada agenda pembangunan infrastruktur dalam negeri.Kata Kunci: PPP, infrastruktur, pembangunanABSTRACTAs the regulator and facilitator of Indonesian infrastructure projects, the Government has invited private sector participation through the regulation of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) or also known as Government Cooperation with Business Entities (KPBU). Government-Private Partnerships are generally characterized by private sector entities that raise funds to build assets required by the Government and provide facilities or services in exchange for a contractual revenue stream from the Government or users. This is because PPP is said to be effective to be an alternative to infrastructure development in the country. This paper will analyze the existence of PPP as an alternative element of infrastructure development in Indonesia, judging by the legal aspects and its implementation. The method used is normative legal research method using literature study. The result obtained is that the Government should strive to be able to improve the quality of contracts and improve PPP schemes to attract investors to help the government on the domestic infrastructure development agenda. Keyword: PPP, infrastructure, development
Regional Differences in Cognitive Dissonance in Evacuation Behavior at the Time of the 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
Authors: Kono Tatsuhito , Okuno Masaya , Yamaura Kazuho 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper constructs an evacuation decision-making model that takes cognitive dissonance into consideration. The purpose of this construction is to clarify the psychological mechanism for the evacuation behavior of residents during an emergency, based on Akerlof and Dickens (1982). Specifically, we empirically explore people’s psychological mechanism (e.g. cognitive dissonance) for evacuation behavior when a tsunami disaster occurs. As a result, we show that the level of anxiety depends on the area where residents live and that the average anxiety of residents is mostly correlated to the level of damage of past disasters, and that it is affected also by the ages of residents. Since the level of anxiety largely affects an individual’s evacuation behavior, this result can indicate for what kinds of people intervention and assistance are required based on the level of anxiety.
A Cross-Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Malaria Control and Prevention Among Caregivers of Children Under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone
Authors: Koroma Joan Mabinty , Wang Yuji , Guo Xiang , Zhang Xiaoqing , Ngobeh Jone Jama Kpanda , Gabir Ahmed Mohamed Elamin Ali , Li Ziyao , Li Li , Wu Rangke , Zhou Xiaohong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundChildren under-5 are the most vulnerable to malaria infection and they suffer serious complications. Sierra Leone is one of the countries with the highest malaria burden in the world. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) towards malaria control and prevention among caregivers of children under-5 in the Western Area of Sierra Leone.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among caregivers of children under-5 visiting the out-patient department of six selected hospitals/community health centers. Data were collected via questionnaire interview with 350 caregivers. Further statistical analyses were performed primarily Spearman’s rank test for inferring the correlations among KAPs, univariate and multivariate logistic regression for demonstration the association between KAPs and socio-demographic characteristics.ResultsWomen made up 97.1% of respondents with the majority being young mothers-including 33 single student moms. 46.3% among respondents were unemployed and 27.1% had no educational background. Only 1.4% received malaria related information from the internet/social media. This KAPs survey indicated that misconception of cause, transmission and clinical symptoms of malaria; unawareness of lethality and severity; inappropriate behaviors in prevention and treatment such as self-medicating were still in existence in caregivers. But a positive correlation in knowledge-attitudes (rs = 0.13, P < 0.05) and attitudes-practices (rs = 0.45, P < 0.001) were revealed. The caregivers being a mother and having at least secondary education were demonstrated associated with positive attitudes and practices. Meanwhile, more urban-based caregivers (79.8%) followed a complete malaria treatment course of ACTs than the rural (63.3%), but in view of ITNs use, more rural-based caregivers presented positive attitudes (85.3%) and practices (70.1%) than the urban (69.9%, 52.0%). The student moms might know more but do less. ConclusionsIn order to better protect children under-5 against lethal malaria, their caregivers, especially young mothers, need strong support to reduce misconceptions, inappropriate behaviors, and provide increased vigilance. It is important to develop an efficient communication channel to disseminate information regarding malaria, especially strengthening community-based media infrastructure, including internet/social media. A increase in education and employment opportunities for women, as well as setting up community-based malaria counselling services, is urgently needed.
Vermicomposting Smart Closed Reactor Design and Performance Assessment by Using Sewage Sludge
Authors: Ghorbani Mona , Sabour Mohammad Reza , Bidabadi Masoud 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to design a smart closed reactor of vermicomposting to convert sewage sludge and any organic waste to high-quality vermicompost. In this reactor design, all aspects of growth and reproduction of Eisenia Fetida worms, such as aeration, temperature, light, and moisture, were considered. We analyzed the physicochemical, bacterial, and microstructural of produced vermicompost and growth rate of worms in a substrate of 70% sewage sludge, 20% cow manure, and 10% sugarcane bagasse in a container and the smart reactor. The results show that vermicomposting in the smart reactor took 50% less time and 30% more worm growth rate to produce the same quality as in a container. After vermicomposting in the reactor, the parameters of pH, fecal coliform, phosphorus, organic matter, and C/N decreased whereas the parameters of carbon, nitrogen, nitrate, ammonia nitrate, and EC increased, slightly. Although, the EC amount of the reactor production is more than the container one, the amount of moisture, phosphorus, and organic matter of the vermicompost in the container is more than the reactor one. Based on the odor absorption and leachate elimination of this reactor, we recommend that it be utilized for vermicompost production, including out of smelly organic wastes such as sewage sludge, even in any public zone and personal houses.
The Accuracy of Ultrasound-guided Fine-needle Aspiration and Core Needle Biopsy in Diagnosing Axillary Lymph Nodes in Women With Breast Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Haining , Zhao Rui , Wang Wei , Liu Xiaona , Wang Xiaoqing , Wen Chaoyang , Ren Yubo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: This study performed an overall assessment of the accuracy of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) for detecting axillary lymph nodes in women with breast cancer based on qualified studies.Methods: Eligible studies and pertinent literature resources were identified on Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases through searching key words or terms. The latest study was published in the March 2020. The eligible publications contained cohort and cross-sectional researches. All the publications obtained were tested for heterogeneity, and corresponding effect models were used to calculate amalgamative values of sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Analysis of summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) was performed on suspicious axillary lymph nodes.Results: A total of 22 studies involving 3548 patients were included to explore the accuracy of FNA in identifying axillary lymph nodes in women with breast cancer. 11 studies involving 758 patients were included to explore the accuracy of CNB in identifying axillary lymph nodes in women with breast cancer. The accuracy of FNA in identifying suspicious axillary lymph nodes was specifically as follows: overall sensitivity was 79% (95%CI: 73%-84%), global specificity was 96% (95%CI: 92%-98%), overall positive likelihood ratio was 18.55 (95% CI: 10.53-32.69), overall negative likelihood ratio was 0.22 (95% CI: 0.17-0.28), the overall DOR was 71.68 (95%CI: 37.19-138.12), and the acreage under the SROC was (AUC = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.92-0.96). The accuracy of CNB in identifying suspicious axillary lymph nodes was specifically as follows: overall sensitivity was 85% (95%CI: 81%-89%), global specificity was 93% (95%CI: 87%-96%), overall positive likelihood ratio was 11.88 (95% CI: 6.56-21.50), overall negative likelihood ratio was 0.16 (95% CI: 0.12-0.21), the overall DOR was 66.83 (95%CI: 33.28-134.21), and the acreage under the SROC was (AUC = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-0.97).Conclusions: The results indicated that both FNA and CNB had high accuracy for suspicious axillary lymph nodes.
Characterizing and Forecasting Climate Indices Using Time Series Models
Authors: Lee Taesam , Ouarda Taha B.M.J. , Seidou Ousmane 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The objective of the current study is to present a comparison of techniques for the forecasting of low frequency climate oscillation indices with a focus on the Great Lakes system. A number of time series models have been tested including the traditional Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model, Dynamic Linear model (DLM), Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model, as well as the nonstationary oscillation resampling (NSOR) technique. These models were used to forecast the monthly El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices which show the most significant teleconnection with the net basin supply (NBS) of the Great Lakes system from a preliminary study. The overall objective is to predict future water levels, ice extent, and temperature, for planning and decision making purposes. The results showed that the DLM and GARCH models are superior for forecasting the monthly ENSO index, while the forecasted values from the traditional ARMA model presented a good agreement with the observed values within a short lead time ahead for the monthly PDO index.