bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of training oncology physicians advising patients on complementary and integrative therapies on patient‐reported outcomes: A multicenter, cluster‐randomized trial
Authors: Rogge Alizé A. , Helmer Stefanie M. , King Ryan , Canella Claudia , Icke Katja , Pach Daniel , Witt Claudia M. 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUNDMany patients with cancer do not disclose complementary medicine use but want their physician's advice on this matter. This study evaluated whether using blended learning (e‐learning plus a workshop) to train oncology physicians in providing advice on complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) therapies to their patients with cancer, in addition to distributing an information leaflet on reputable CIM websites, had different effects on patient‐reported outcomes for the consultation than only distributing the leaflet.METHODSIn this multicenter, cluster‐randomized trial, patients from private practices/hospital departments, recruited by 48 oncology physicians randomly allocated to an intervention group (CIM consultation plus information leaflet) or a control group (information leaflet), received CIM information. Patient‐reported outcomes included satisfaction (Patient Satisfaction With Information on Cancer Treatment), readiness to make a decision (Preparation for Decision Making), and physician‐patient communication (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and Communication 26 [EORTC QLQ‐COMU26]) for the consultation. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a physician subsample.RESULTSA total of 291 patients (128 in the intervention group and 169 in the control group) advised by 41 physicians participated. Patients in the intervention group rated physician‐patient communication higher on all EORTC QLQ‐COMU26 scales (mean total score, 84.3 [95% CI, 79.5‐89.2] vs 73.6 [95% CI, 69.3‐78.0]; P = .002), were more satisfied with the advice (mean, 4.2 [95% CI, 4.0‐4.4] vs 3.7 [95% CI, 3.5‐3.8]; P < .001), and were readier to make a decision (mean, 63.5 [95% CI, 57.4‐69.6] vs 53.2 [95% CI, 47.8‐58.7]; P = .016) than the control group. Physicians who reported patients in both settings seemed satisfied with the advice given.CONCLUSIONSThis study evaluated a novel education intervention for training oncology physicians in providing CIM advice in routine care. Providing structured CIM consultations had positive effects on patient satisfaction, readiness to make decisions, and physician‐patient communication.
Operationalizing alliance rupture–repair events using control chart methods
Authors: Lipner Lauren M. , Muran J. Christopher , Eubanks Catherine F. , Gorman Bernard S. , Winston Arnold 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to determine how control charts—a form of time‐series line graphs—can be implemented in psychotherapy research to indirectly identify probable rupture–repair episodes that are associated with psychotherapy outcome. There is no current standard in psychotherapy research with regard to how to use control charts to identify rupture–repair events. Control charts were generated for each patient (N = 73) using patient‐rated Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) scores obtained at the end of every session in a 30‐session therapy protocol of either brief relational therapy (BRT) or cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Empirically derived cut‐off points were used to identify rupture and repair based on each dyad's control chart. Coded rupture–repair episodes were correlated with outcome measures to assess for their relationships. The results of these analyses provide preliminary support for the utility of control charts in psychotherapy research for the indirect identification of probable rupture repair events that are associated with psychotherapy outcome.
Chloroplast Transformation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ruf Stephanie , Kroop Xenia , Bock Ralph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPlastids (chloroplasts) are the defining organelles of plants and eukaryotic algae. In addition to performing photosynthesis, plastids harbor numerous other metabolic pathways and therefore are often referred to as the biosynthetic center of the plant cell. The chloroplasts of seed plants possess dozens of copies of a circular genome of ∼150 kb that contains a conserved set of 120 to 130 genes. The engineering of this genome by genetic transformation is technically challenging and currently only possible in a small number of species. In this article, we describe the methods involved in generating stable chloroplast‐transformed (transplastomic) plants in the model species Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The protocols presented here can be applied to (1) target genes in the Arabidopsis chloroplast genome by reverse genetics and (2) express reporter genes or other foreign genes of interest in plastids of Arabidopsis plants. © 2021 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of root‐derived microcallus material for biolistic transformationBasic Protocol 2: Chloroplast transformation by biolistic bombardment of root‐derived microcalliBasic Protocol 3: Regeneration of transplastomic lines and seed production
Desiccation of corn allows earlier direct seeding of winter camelina in the northern Corn Belt
Authors: Gesch Russ W. , Wells M. Scott , Hard Alexander 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the U.S. Upper Midwest where growing seasons are short, establishing winter annual cover crops following corn (Zea maysL.) is challenging. Winter camelina [Camelina sativa(L.) Crantz] shows promise as a winter annual cover crop that can be dual cropped with soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] to help diversify the corn–soybean rotation. This 2‐yr field study in southern and western Minnesota evaluated desiccating corn with a preharvest aid to hasten its dry‐down and hence harvest so that camelina could be no‐till drilled in a timely manner. We hypothesized that direct drilling camelina following corn harvest would improve establishment and yields. Sodium chlorate was applied as a desiccant to corn at early (D1) and mid‐R5 (D2) and physiological maturity (D3) stages of development, including an untreated check. The D1 and D2 treatments hastened corn harvest by 1 to 3 wk compared with the check. Corn grain yields were unaffected by the D2 and D3 treatments, but significantly declined by 16% in D1. Camelina seed yield did not differ among desiccation treatments and averaged 815 kg ha−1across both locations with an average oil content of 385 g ka−1. Desiccating corn hastened its harvest allowing more time to drill‐seed camelina, thus improving establishment. However, more work is needed to improve management and genetics of winter camelina for use as a cash cover crop in corn systems.
The Reward Re‐Training protocol: A novel intervention approach designed to alter the reward imbalance contributing to binge eating during COVID‐19
Authors: Juarascio Adrienne S. , Michael Megan L. , Srivastava Paakhi , Manasse Stephanie M. , Drexler Sarah , Felonis Christina R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractReduced exposure to social reward during the COVID‐19 pandemic may result in both reduced reward response to day‐to‐day life activities and elevated reward response to substances or naturally rewarding stimuli (e.g., food). The combined hypo‐ and hyper‐reward responses results in a reward imbalance, which has been noted as a relevant maintenance factor for eating disorders (EDs) characterized by binge eating. This registered report describes the protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing supportive therapy to a novel treatment targeting reward imbalance (Reward Re‐Training; RRT) for individuals with binge eating. Aims of the current study include to confirm feasibility and acceptability of RRT, to evaluate the ability of RRT to engage critical targets, and to provide preliminary estimates of efficacy in reducing ED symptoms at both posttreatment and 3‐month follow‐up.Sixty participants will be randomized to either RRT or supportive therapy. For both conditions, treatment will be delivered in 10 weekly group outpatient therapy sessions conducted remotely using videoconferencing software. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, mid‐treatment, posttreatment, and 3‐month follow‐up to measure feasibility, acceptability, critical treatment targets (i.e., reward to day‐to‐day life activities, reward to palatable foods, social isolation, and loneliness), and ED symptoms.
Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes with N,O Donor Ligands: Partial Ligand Hydrolysis and Alcohol Oxidation Catalysis
Authors: Barma Arpita , Bhattacharjee Aradhita , Roy Partha 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTwo copper(II) complexes [Cu2(L1)2] (1) and [Cu2(L2)2] (2) where H2L1=2‐hydroxy‐3‐((3‐hydroxy‐2,2‐dimethylpropylimino)methyl)‐5‐methylbenzaldehyde and H2L2=2‐hydroxy‐3‐(((1‐hydroxypropan‐2‐yl)imino)methyl)‐5‐methylbenzaldehyde have been synthesized and used as catalysts in alcohol oxidation. 2,6‐Diformyl‐4‐methylphenol (DFP) based Schiff‐base ligands, 3,3′‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐1,3‐phenylene)bis(methan‐1‐yl‐1‐ylidene)bis(azan‐1‐yl‐1‐ylidene)bis(2,2‐dimethylpropan‐1‐ol) (H3L′) and 2,2′‐(((2‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐1,3‐phenylene)bis(methanylylidene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(propan‐1‐ol) (H3L′′), undergo partial hydrolysis to convert one of the azomethine groups to aldehyde group to give H2L1 and H2L2, and then react with copper(II) acetate to yield complex 1 and 2, respectively. These complexes have been characterized by standard methods such as elemental analysis, room temperature magnetic studies, FT‐IR, UV‐vis, ESI‐mass spectral analyses, cyclic voltammogram, etc. The structures of dinuclear complexes with modified ligands have been confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 and 2 have been used as catalysts for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol, 4‐methyl benzyl alcohol, 4‐methoxy benzyl alcohol, 4‐nitro benzyl alcohol and 4‐bromo benzyl alcohol to the corresponding aldehyde as the sole product. Efficiency of the catalyst depends on the chain length and substitution on the chain of the ligand.
Psychological and metabolic risk factors in older adults with a previous history of eating disorder: A cross‐sectional study from the Predimed‐Plus study
Authors: Vintró‐Alcaraz Cristina , Baenas Isabel , Lozano‐Madrid María , Granero Roser , Ruiz‐Canela Miguel , Babio Nancy , Corella Dolores , Fitó Montserrat , Martínez José Alfredo , Alonso‐Gómez Ángel M. , Wärnberg Julia , Vioque Jesús , Romaguera Dora , López‐Miranda José , Estruch Ramon , Bernal‐López María Rosa , Lapetra José , Sánchez‐Villegas Almudena , Bueno‐Cavanillas Aurora , Tur Josep A. , Martin‐Sánchez Vicente , Pintó Xavier , Delgado‐Rodríguez Miguel , Matía‐Martín Pilar , Vidal Josep , Cárdenas Jersy J. , Daimiel Lidia , Ros Emilio , Razquin Cristina , Díaz‐López Andrés , González José I. , Forcano Laura , Zulet María de los Ángeles , Bello‐Mora Maria C. , Valenzuela‐Guerrero Silvia , García de la Hera Manoli , Konieczna Jadwiga , García‐Ríos Antonio , Casas Rosa , Gómez‐Pérez Ana M. , García‐Arellano Ana , Bulló Mònica , Sorli José V. , Cuenca‐Royo Aida , Abete Itziar , Salaverria‐Lete Itziar , Basterra‐Gortari Francisco Javier , de la Torre Rafael , Salas‐Salvadó Jordi , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGoalsTo explore affective and cognitive status, later in life, in individuals with and without previous history of eating disorder (ED), and also its association with higher risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) symptomatology.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of 6756 adults, aged 55–75 years with overweight/obesity and MetS participating in the Predimed‐Plus study was conducted. Participants completed self‐reported questionnaires to examine lifetime history of ED, according to DSM‐5 criteria, and other psychopathological and neurocognitive factors. Anthropometric and metabolic measurements were also collected.ResultsOf the whole sample, 24 individuals (0.35%) reported a previous history of ED. In this subsample, there were more women and singles compared to their counterparts, but they also presented higher levels of depressive symptoms and higher cognitive impairment, but also higher body mass index (BMI) and severe obesity, than those without lifetime ED.ConclusionsThis is one of the first studies to analyse the cognitive and metabolic impact of a previous history of ED. The results showed that previous ED was associated with greater affective and cognitive impairment, but also with higher BMI, later in life. No other MetS risk factors were found, after controlling for relevant variables.
From consumer to enterprise grade: How the choice of four UAS impacts point cloud quality
Authors: Stark Manuel , Heckmann Tobias , Piermattei Livia , Dremel Fabian , Kaiser Andreas , Machowski Patrick , Haas Florian , Becht Michael 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUncrewed aerial systems (UAS), combined with structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry, has already proven to be very powerful for a wide range of geoscience applications and different types of UAS are used for scientific and commercial purposes. However, the impact of the UAS used on the accuracy of the point clouds derived is not fully understood, especially for the quantitative analysis of geomorphic changes in complex terrain. Therefore, in this study, we aim to quantify the magnitude of systematic and random error in digital elevation models derived from four commonly used UAS (XR6/Sony α6000, Inspire 2/X4s, Phantom 4 Pro+, Mavic Pro) following different flight patterns. The vertical error of each elevation model is evaluated through comparison with 156 GNSS reference points and the normal distribution and spatial correlation of errors are analysed. Differences in mean errors (−0.4 to −1.8 cm) for the XR6, Inspire 2 and Phantom 4 Pro are significant but not relevant for most geomorphological applications. The Mavic Pro shows lower accuracies with mean errors up to 4.3 cm, thus showing a higher influence of random errors. QQ plots revealed a deviation of errors from a normal distribution in almost all data. All UAS data except Mavic Pro exhibit a pure nugget semivariogram, suggesting spatially uncorrelated errors. Compared to the other UAS, the Mavic Pro data show trends (i.e. differences increase with distance across the survey—doming) and the range of semivariances is 10 times greater. The lower accuracy of Mavic Pro can be attributed to the lower GSD at the same flight altitude and most likely, the rolling shutter sensor has an effect on the accuracy of the camera calibration. Overall, our study shows that accuracies depend highly on the chosen data sampling strategy and that the survey design used here is not suitable for calibrating all types of UAS camera equally.
Reduced order models for the incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations on collocated grids using a ‘discretize‐then‐project’ approach
Authors: Star Sabrina Kelbij , Sanderse Benjamin , Stabile Giovanni , Rozza Gianluigi , Degroote Joris 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA novel reduced order model (ROM) for incompressible flows is developed by performing a Galerkin projection based on a fully (space and time) discrete full order model (FOM) formulation. This ‘discretize‐then‐project’ approach requires no pressure stabilization technique (even though the pressure term is present in the ROM) nor a boundary control technique (to impose the boundary conditions at the ROM level). These are two main advantages compared to existing approaches. The fully discrete FOM is obtained by a finite volume discretization of the incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations on a collocated grid, with a forward Euler time discretization. Two variants of the time discretization method, the inconsistent and consistent flux method, have been investigated. The latter leads to divergence‐free velocity fields, also on the ROM level, whereas the velocity fields are only approximately divergence‐free in the former method. For both methods, accurate results have been obtained for test cases with different types of boundary conditions: a lid‐driven cavity and an open‐cavity (with an inlet and outlet). The ROM obtained with the consistent flux method, having divergence‐free velocity fields, is slightly more accurate but also slightly more expensive to solve compared to the inconsistent flux method. The speedup ratio of the ROM and FOM computation times is the highest for the open cavity test case with the inconsistent flux method.
Image reconstruction for diffuse optical tomography using bi‐conjugate gradient and transpose‐free quasi minimal residual algorithms and comparison of them
Authors: Sevim Gençay , Üncü Yiğit Ali , Mercan Tanju , Canpolat Murat 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDiffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a new emerging modality in the diagnosis of soft tissue abnormalities. DOT image quality substantially depends on the reconstruction stage. In the literature, there are many reconstruction algorithms used in DOT systems. However, some algorithms were improved for solving specific cases but still need to be improved. The bi‐conjugate gradient (BiCG) enhanced is one of the conjugate gradient (CG)‐based reconstruction techniques for non‐Hermitian systems. The BiCG provides a solution to a non‐Hermitian system. However, it has erratic convergence in some cases. Therefore, DOT images reconstructed by BiCG can be at the wrong location and is inaccurate in some cases. In this study, we used continuous‐wave diffuse optical tomography (CW‐DOT) to acquire measurements from breast tissue phantoms with single or double inclusion at different depths and center‐to‐center separations and we have used the transpose free quasi minimal residual (TFQMR) reconstruction algorithm, improved as an alternative to BiCG for the first time in the CW‐DOT system. Moreover, we have experimentally proved that TFQMR is superior to BiCG in some specific cases for the first time in CW‐DOT. Therefore, we concluded that TFQMR has the potential to be able to be used in the reconstruction stage in CW‐DOT.
Evaluation of the Effect of Mannuronic Acid as a Novel NSAID With Immunosuppressive Properties on Expression of SOCS1, SOCS3, SHIP1, and TRAF6 Genes and Serum Levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Najafi Soheil , Saadat Payam , Beladi Moghadam Nahid , Manoucherinia Ali , Aghazadeh Zahra , Vali Mohammadi Anita , Pashaiefar Hossein , Hosseini Mostafa , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is described as a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system on an autoimmune basis, which is the most frequent reason for nontraumatic disability in youth. The efficacy and safety of β‐D‐nannuronic acid (M2000) as a novel immunosuppressive drug (patented PCT/EP2017/067920) has been shown in an experimental model of MS and also in a phase 2 clinical trial. The effects of M2000 on SOCS1, SOCS3, TRAF6, and SHIP1 gene expression and also serum levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis patients have been assessed in this study. In this study, 14 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis patients and 14 healthy subjects (as the control group) were recruited from the phase 2 clinical trial (Clinical Trial identifier, IRCT2016111313739N6). Gene expression of SOCS1, SOCS3, TRAF6, and SHIP1 was measured at baseline and after 6 months of therapy with M2000 using a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction method. Furthermore, the serum levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α were assessed by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Our results showed that the gene expression of SOCS1, SOCS3, and SHIP1 was increased after 6 months of therapy with M2000 in MS patients. Moreover, the serum levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α of patients declined compared with baseline, but this was not statistically significant. The results of this study demonstrated that M2000, with immunosuppressive properties, could upregulate SOCS1, SOCS3, and SHIP1 genes in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
Cyto–genotoxicity, antibacterial, and antibiofilm properties of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Penicillium toxicarium
Authors: Korcan Safiye Elif , Kahraman Tuğba , Acikbas Yaser , Liman Recep , Ciğerci İbrahim Hakkı , Konuk Muhsin , Ocak İjlal 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe fungi are becoming the distinguished organisms utilized in the biological synthesis of metallic nanoparticles because of their metal bioaccumulation ability. Addressed herein, the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out by using the cell‐free filtrate of Penicillium toxicarium KJ173540.1. P. toxicarium was locally isolated and identified using both classical and molecular methods according to ribosomal internal transcribed spacer area of 18S rDNA. The optimum conditions for the AgNPs synthesis were found as 0.25 mM AgNO3 concentrations with pH 12 values at 45°C after 64 hr incubation in dark. Biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized via microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Zetasizer measurements presented that the high negative potential value (−18.1 mV) and PDI (0.495) supported the excellent colloidal nature of AgNPs with long‐range stability and high dispersity. AgNPs exhibited cyto–genotoxicity in Allium cepa root meristem cells by decreasing mitotic index and increasing chromosome aberrations in a dose‐dependent manner. Then, 100 and 50% concentration of biosynthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. A decreasing biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 80.69, 48.32, and 28.41% was also observed at 100, 50, and 25% of mycosynthesized AgNP, respectively.
Machine learning algorithm outperforms fibrosis markers in predicting significant fibrosis in biopsy‐confirmed NAFLD
Authors: Feng Gong , Zheng Kenneth I. , Li Yang‐Yang , Rios Rafael S. , Zhu Pei‐Wu , Pan Xiao‐Yan , Li Gang , Ma Hong‐Lei , Tang Liang‐Jie , Byrne Christopher D. , Targher Giovanni , He Na , Mi Man , Chen Yong‐Ping , Zheng Ming‐Hua 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of significant liver fibrosis is a key determinant of long‐term prognosis in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to develop a novel machine learning algorithm (MLA) to predict fibrosis severity in NAFLD and compared it with the most widely used non‐invasive fibrosis biomarkers.MethodsWe used a cohort of 553 adults with biopsy‐proven NAFLD, who were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 278) for the development of both logistic regression model (LRM) and MLA, and a validation cohort (n = 275). Significant fibrosis was defined as fibrosis stage F ≥ 2. MLA and LRM were derived from variables that were selected using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression algorithm.ResultsIn the training cohort, the variables selected by LASSO algorithm were body mass index, pro‐collagen type III, collagen type IV, aspartate aminotransferase and albumin‐to‐globulin ratio. The diagnostic accuracy of MLA showed the highest values of area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC: 0.902, 95% CI 0.869‐0.904) for identifying fibrosis F ≥ 2. The LRM AUROC was 0.764, 95% CI 0.710‐0.816 and significantly better than the AST‐to‐Platelet ratio (AUROC 0.684, 95% CI 0.605‐0.762), FIB‐4 score (AUROC 0.594, 95% CI 0.503‐0.685) and NAFLD Fibrosis Score (AUROC 0.557, 95% CI 0.470‐0.644). In the validation cohort, MLA also showed the highest AUROC (0.893, 95% CI 0.864‐0.901). The diagnostic accuracy of MLA outperformed that of LRM in all subgroups considered.ConclusionsOur newly developed MLA algorithm has excellent diagnostic performance for predicting fibrosis F ≥ 2 in patients with biopsy‐confirmed NAFLD.