bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selectivity in Buttress Drumming Tree Properties Among Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) of the Waibira Community in Budongo Forest, Uganda
Authors: Wilhelm Wytse , Eleuteri Vesta , Koops Kathelijne , Fitzgerald Maegan , Zuberbühler Klaus , Hobaiter Catherine 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWild chimpanzees drum on tree buttresses during dominance displays and travel, generating low‐frequency sounds that are audible over distances of more than 1 km. Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Nimba Mountains of Guinea selectively choose trees and buttresses when drumming, potentially based on their resonant properties, suggesting that these chimpanzees are optimizing their drumming signals. We investigated whether male eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) from the Waibira community in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, also show preferences in tree and buttress choice, exploring whether selectivity is a species‐wide feature. We tested chimpanzee preferences for tree species and diameter, number of buttresses, and buttress area and width, by comparing trees and buttresses used in drumming bouts with nearby unused trees and buttresses. Waibira chimpanzees drummed preferentially on two tree species: the tropical hardwood Cynometra alexandrii and the softwood Chrysophyllum albidum. Chimpanzees selected trees with a larger diameter over nearby trees with a smaller diameter, and buttresses were more likely to be used for drumming if they had a larger area or larger width. These results suggest that chimpanzees in the Waibira community select trees and buttresses based on physical properties, most likely related to acoustically relevant characteristics. These findings support the argument that buttress drumming is a goal‐directed behavior and contributes to our understanding of chimpanzees' use and optimization of their long‐distance acoustic signals.
Entropy‐Repaired Solvation Structure Strategy for High‐Efficiency Phosphate‐Based Localized High‐Concentration Electrolytes in Potassium Batteries
Authors: Yuan Zeyu , Liao Jiaying , Song Lili , Chen Anni , Su Jiling , Wang Jie , Zhou Xiaosi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe safety and cycling stability of potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are deeply associated with potassium‐ion electrolytes. However, due to the weak Lewis acidity of potassium ions, localized high‐concentration electrolytes in PIBs are prone to excessive weak solvation. Herein, we propose an entropy repair strategy for the solvation structure of potassium ions and systematically design a moderately weakly solvated high‐entropy localized high‐concentration electrolyte. The repaired electrolyte can achieve an average stable Coulombic efficiency of 99.4 % on the Cu collector surface. The potassium symmetric battery can be stably cycled for over 10000 h under a high current density of 0.5 mA cm−2 and a large deposition capacity of 1 mAh cm−2. The potassium metal pouch cell, using K1.92Fe[Fe(CN)6]0.94⋅0.5H2O as the cathode, maintains a capacity retention of 87.5 % after 2000 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. Even when the current density is increased tenfold from 0.1 A g−1, the battery still retains 67.1 % of its capacity. Additionally, due to the introduction of multiple solvents, the potassium metal battery with perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride as the cathode can maintain reversible capacities of 94.0 and 77.3 mAh g−1 and operate stably at ambient temperatures of −20 and −40 °C, respectively.
Electrolyte Anions Suppress Hydrogen Generation in Electrochemical CO Reduction on Cu
Authors: Fuller Lee , Zhang Gong , Noh Seonmyeong , Van Lehn Reid C. , Schreier Marcel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, we employed electrochemical‐mass spectrometry (EC‐MS) to elucidate the role of halide anions in electrochemical CO2 and CO reduction. We found that the undesired hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was significantly suppressed by the anion used. Specifically, the rates of H2 production decreased in the order KF > KCl > KI, meaning that I− most strongly suppressed HER. Interestingly, CO reduction products showed an inverse relationship to HER, with KI leading to the highest rate of CO reduction. By pairing our experimental findings with classical molecular dynamics simulations, we propose a mechanism wherein halide anions influence the dynamic interplay between CO reduction and HER by modulating the competition of H* and CO* for active sites on the Cu surface. We propose that this interaction is enabled by the interfacial concentration of K+ being greater in the presence of F− than in I−. Our results highlight the need to more broadly consider the properties of ions at electrocatalytic interfaces and they point to thus far underappreciated avenues to optimize hydrocarbon production while suppressing hydrogen evolution.
Boundary stabilization of semi‐linear time fractional reaction–diffusion systems with delays
Authors: Mathiyalagan Kalidass , Renugadevi Thanga Vinayagar , Zhang Huiyan , Shi Yan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the stabilization results for a class of semi‐linear time fractional reaction–diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs) with state delay using the backstepping method. The main goal is to design the boundary control for the system by proving the well‐posedness of the kernel function. The considered reaction–diffusion system is transformed into a stable target system using an invertible Volterra integral transformation. Also, the stability results in the sense of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii theory are proved and sufficient conditions are derived with the help of the linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. Finally, the results are numerically validated with a fractional‐order Hutchinson's equation.
The robust Orlicz risk with an application to the green photovoltaic power generation
Authors: Yoshioka Hidekazu , Tsujimura Motoh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe propose a novel recursive utility for controlling stochastic processes under risk and uncertainty. Our formulation uses a robustified Orlicz risk that can evaluate risk and uncertainty simultaneously. We focus on the control problem of a photovoltaic power generation system that supplies excess electricity for the secondary purpose of generating green hydrogen. The corresponding Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation having a novel nonlinear term is then derived. Computational examples with the available data are finally presented, demonstrating that our methodology can be used for photovoltaic power generation under different meteorological and operational conditions.
Direct Powder Adhesion Method of Quinone‐Based Aqueous Supercapacitor for Roll‐to‐Roll Process
Authors: Haba Nagihiro , Katsuyama Yuto , Kido Ayaka , Morimoto Keisuke , Nakayasu Yuta 
Published: December 2024

AbstractQuinone‐based supercapacitors have been a growing research target as the next generation energy storage due to their high energy density and their environmental sustainability. However, the commercialization of these organic supercapacitors remains challenging due to complex fabrication processes and insufficient electrochemical performance. In this study, we introduce a novel fabrication method, direct powder adhesion (DPA), which simplifies electrode production while enhancing rate performance. Compared to conventional multi‐step pressing methods, the DPA technique produces electrodes with lower density (0.48 g cm−3 vs. 0.52 g cm−3) and significantly improves conductivity (0.74 Ω cm vs. 1.98 Ω cm). Electrochemical testing of quinone‐impregnated electrodes demonstrates a high specific capacity of 217 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C. The DPA method demonstrated 3.5 ‐fold increase in the specific capacity at 5 C compared to the conventional method, showing high reversibility at higher C rates. Even when the electrode was scaled up by more than >8 times to a more practical size, the same specific capacity of 217 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C was achieved, demonstrating excellent scalability. Despite some challenges with high overpotential at higher rates, this study takes a significant step toward the mass production of high‐performance organic supercapacitors.
The feasibility and safety of robotic‐assisted salvage radical cystectomy
Authors: Rinott Mizrahi Gal , Lawrentschuk Nathan , Thomas Benjamin , Dundee Philip 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility and safety of robotic‐assisted salvage radical cystectomy (RA‐SRC).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively searched the prospectively collected surgical database of two highly experienced robotic urological surgeons for cases of RA‐SRC, defined as RARC performed post‐previous pelvic RT for palliative or oncologic treatment purposes. Collected data included demographic and clinical information and outcome measures including operative course, hospital stay and complications.ResultsEighteen patients were included in the current analysis. All patients had previous RT to the pelvis with 12 patients also having prior radical pelvic surgery. Indications for salvage cystectomy were either palliation (n = 12) or oncological (MIBC or high risk NMIBC, n = 6). There were no intraoperative complications and no conversions to open surgery. Ninety day postoperative complications were recorded in 11 patients (61.1%), with major complications (Clavien–Dindo grades 3 and 4) in three patients (16.6%). After a median follow‐up of 43.5 months, one late postoperative complication was observed requiring surgical intervention.ConclusionOur data, together with the limited published data from other cohorts of RA‐SRC, suggest that in experienced hands, RA‐SRC is feasible, with intraoperative and perioperative complication rates that are lower than the published data for open SRC and are equivalent to open primary RC. These data will contribute to treatment decision making both in patients with post‐pelvic radiation symptoms requiring palliation and patients with MIBC considering or treated with trimodal treatment.
In silico tools for mechanical analysis of extra‐ and intra‐luminal artificial urinary sphincters
Authors: Mazzucco Gianluca , Pirini Paola , Fontanella Chiara Giulia , Berardo Alice , Mascolini Maria Vittoria , Toniolo Ilaria , Marziale Leonardo , Mazzocchi Tommaso , Lucarini Gioia , Spiezia Nicolò , Carniel Emanuele Luigi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo analyse and compare the functionality of extraluminal and intraluminal artificial urinary sphincters (AUSs), an in silico procedure has been defined and applied. Design and reliability assessments of the AUS are typically performed using a clinical approach, which does not provide data on mechanical stimulation of urethral tissues. Mechanical stimulation may determine tissue degeneration, such as urethral atrophy or erosion, the main causes of AUS failure. In silico techniques can provide a quantitative description of stress and strain fields due to the interaction between tissues and AUS and allow investigating an extremely large number of situations, considering different configurations of AUS and urethra.Materials and MethodsComputational investigations were carried out to evaluate the mechanical reliability of the main extraluminal and intraluminal AUS, AMS 800 and Relief. The lower urinary tract was modelled based on previous experiments. The AUS models took into account the main components that interact with biological tissues. Urethra and AUS models were coupled and used to investigate mechanical stimulation of urethral tissues.ResultsIn silico simulations provide quantitative information about the mechanical stimulation of urethral tissue, such as compressive strain and stress and hydrostatic pressure, due to interaction with the AUS. Such mechanical quantities allow a comparison of reliability between extraluminal and intraluminal devices.ConclusionsThe activities define and demonstrate the effectiveness of a novel in silico approach to the design and reliability assessment of AUS devices, increasing the investigative possibilities and reducing the time, ethical and economic costs.
Chitosan‐Camphor Beads as a Novel Starting Biomaterial: Insights Into Methodological Approaches for Preparation
Authors: Sebaaly Carine , Gerges Petra , Greige Hélène 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBiomaterials with antimicrobial and muco‐adhesive properties represent an efficient system for different applications. In this paper, a new biomaterial based on chitosan‐camphor beads and their crosslinked form with glutaraldehyde was optimized. Low and high molecular weight chitosan were considered. After an optimization procedure of blank beads preparation, various strategies were used to load camphor into chitosan beads where eight different beads suspensions were characterized for their size and encapsulation efficiency of camphor. Powdered camphor was added to the chitosan solution during the beads preparation or to preformed beads while it was dissolving in water or in 2% acetic acid solution. Results showed that, camphor addition to chitosan solution led to the formation of homogeneous suspensions with reproducible and higher encapsulation efficiencies of camphor compared to the other formulations, irrespective of the chitosan weight. In addition, these beads were stable for 1 month of storage at 4°C. The camphor loaded cross‐linked beads with glutaraldehyde (referred to as Cam‐beads‐GA) were more stable than noncross‐linked beads (Cam‐beads), which also demonstrated satisfactory stability results. Camphor embedding in chitosan beads was proven to occur through hydrogen bonding and potentially imine bonds by FTIR analysis. The optimized formulations constitute a suitable delivery system for other bioactive agents.
Dual‐Stage Cross‐Flow Filtration: Integrated Capture and Purification of Virus‐Like Particles
Authors: Dietrich Annabelle , Heim Luca , Hubbuch Jürgen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVirus‐like particles (VLPs) are a versatile technology for the targeted delivery of genetic material through packaging and potential surface modifications for directed delivery or immunological issues. Although VLP production is relatively simple as they can be recombinantly produced using microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, their current downstream processing often relies on individually developed purification strategies. Integrating size‐selective separation techniques may allow standardized platform processing across VLP purification. This study presents an innovative dual‐stage cross‐flow filtration (CFF) set‐up for integrated capture and purification of VLPs, enabling processing solely based on the size‐selective separation techniques precipitation and filtration. The 2 μm/300 kDa MWCO membrane configuration allows the seamless integration of selective VLP precipitation, two consecutive diafiltration steps–first, for washing the VLP precipitates in the first membrane stage, and second, for isolating the re‐dissolved VLPs by continuously removing precipitant and contaminants in the second membrane stage–and ultrafiltration for setting a target VLP concentration. Compared to a single‐stage CFF set‐up, this dual‐stage CFF set‐up with its integrative, automated design demonstrated the capabilities of product accumulation and contaminant handling while maintaining high productivity. Overall, this study represents a significant advancement toward standardized platform processing of protein nanoparticles through precipitation and filtration, and underscores the potential to expand its applicability to diverse biological molecules, unique process conditions, other phase behavior‐dependent processes, and continuous processing.
Native Opposition to Native Appropriation and the Role of Connection to Native Nations/Communities
Authors: Keene Adrienne J. , Galliher Renee V. , Small‐Rodriguez Desi , Epperson Anna E. , Davis‐Delano Laurel R. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAppropriation of American Indian cultures and stereotypical pseudo‐culture is widespread in contemporary U.S. society. Yet, little is known about American Indian, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian (AIANNH) perceptions of this appropriation. In this study, we asked two questions. First, what are AIANNH experiences with, attitudes toward, reasoning for attitudes toward, feelings when encountering and behavioural responses to multiple types of appropriation? Second, does connection to one's AIANNH nation/community relate to attitudes toward and behavioural responses to appropriation? We are the first to report statistical survey results on these questions. Although we found a diversity of reactions to this appropriation among our participants (n = 600), mean scores and mean percentages on our measures indicate that most oppose appropriation, believe that it is harmful and experience negative feelings when encountering it. The majority also reported taking at least one action to eliminate appropriation. In alignment with social learning theory, we found that opposition to appropriation was associated with more connections to AIANNH nations/communities in regard to residency, cultural involvement and identity centrality. Using tribal critical race theory, including situating our findings in their settler colonial context, we discuss the implications of our findings.
Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Including Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Seed Extract: Evaluation of Its Characterization and Bioactivity Properties
Authors: Bozkurt Rabia Nur , Şahin Selin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of bioactive compounds in plants as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents in nanoparticle manufacturing is an exceptionally eco‐friendly approach. This work used rosehip seed extract, acquired by automatic solvent extraction, in the microwave‐assisted green production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of the extracted materials and nanoparticles (NPs) were assessed using the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The ideal synthesis parameters were established as 25 mL of extract, pH 12, 360 W of microwave power, and a metal salt concentration of 0.05 M for a duration of 7 min. The characterization of the ZnO NPs synthesized under these conditions was performed using x‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive x‐ray analysis (SEM‐EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential measurements, and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. High‐purity, nano‐sized, antioxidant ZnO NPs were manufactured using an ecologically friendly, sustainable, and ecological technique.
Research Status and Applications of Adeno‐Associated Virus
Authors: Xia Ke , Liu Shuangling , Wu Zhenkun , Jiang Jian‐Hui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAdeno‐associated virus (AAV) has emerged as a powerful and effective tool for the delivery of exogenous genes into various cells or tissues. To improve the gene delivery efficiency, as well as the safety and specificity of AAV′s cell‐targeting capabilities, extensive investigations have been conducted into its molecular biological characteristics, including capsid structure, cellular tropism, and the mechanisms underlying its entry, replication, DNA packaging, and capsid assembly. Significant differences exist between human and non‐human primate AAVs regarding tissue targeting and transduction efficiency. These differences are primarily attributed to the amino acid sequences of AAV capsid proteins, the structural characteristics of these proteins, and the interactions of AAV with surface factors on host cells, such as cell surface receptors, signaling molecules, and associated proteins. This review primarily focuses on several key aspects of AAV, including its genome, coat proteins and their structures, genome replication, virus assembly, and the role of helper viruses. Additionally, it examines the utilization of recombinant adeno‐associated viruses (rAAV), detailing their production methods, mechanisms of cell entry and trafficking, and various serotypes. The review further interprets the role of rAAV by analyzing its current applications in research and therapy.
Takotsubu Cardiomyopathy Patient With Coronary Artery Disease: The Chicken or the Egg
Authors: Ude Chara , Helal Ayman , Antoun Ibrahim 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis case emphasizes the rare occurrence of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) in a patient with moderate coronary artery disease (CAD), highlighting the complexity of diagnosis and management. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for TTC in patients with CAD, especially when echocardiographic findings suggest apical ballooning. Balancing therapies for both conditions is essential.
Ovarian Fetiform Teratoma in 38 Years Nulliparous Woman: A Case Report
Authors: Gedamu Desalew , Wondafrash Mekitie , Berhanu Meron 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFetiform teratoma, another name for homunculus, is a rare form of mature teratoma that is highly differentiated and has parts that resemble a malformed fetus. We reported a case of ovarian Fetiform teratoma in a 38 years old nulliparous woman presented with right side abdominal distention of 10 years duration. An ultrasound revealed a heterogeneous pelvic cystic mass that ranged in appearance from fully hyperechoic to fully hypoechoic, suggesting mature cystic teratoma. The patient underwent laparotomy. Histopathology of Cystectomy specimen was found to be compatible with Fetiform teratoma. It is important to distinguish this highly differentiated benign neoplasm with potential somatic malignant transformation from Fetus in fetu and ectopic pregnancy. To establish the diagnosis, a thorough clinicopathologic examination, laboratory tests for pregnancy and relevant cytogenetic tests for Zygosity should be performed.
Enhancing the Intrinsic Stability of Nonfullerene Acceptors through Dimerization via Ring‐locking Strategy†
Authors: He Yaxin , Wan Ji , Sun Xianglang , Min Jie , Li Zhong’an 
Published: December 2024

Comprehensive SummaryThe power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA)‐based organic solar cells (OSCs) have undergone an exciting development in recent years, but the poor intrinsic stability of exocyclic ethylene bridges in NFAs poses a significant challenge to their commercialization. In this work, we propose a new pyran‐locking strategy that can stabilize the exocyclic ethylene bridge connecting the strong electron‐deficient 2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydroinden‐1‐ylidene)malononitrile end group, based on which two dimerized NFAs (ITBIC‐F and TBTBIC‐F) with an A‐D‐π‐A‐π‐D‐A structure have been successfully synthesized with significantly improved chemical and photochemical stabilities in comparison with traditional NFAs without the ring‐locked structure. The ITBIC‐F and TBTBIC‐F ‐based OSCs not only achieve promising PCEs of 13.03% and 10.01%, respectively, but also show good device stability; the ITBIC‐F‐based unencapsulated devices can retain 75% and 62% of their initial PCEs, respectively, under continuous heat (85 °C) and light irradiation (LED, 100 mW·cm–2) in a nitrogen atmosphere.