bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Risk of Breast Cancer in the European Investigation Into&nbsp;Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study
Authors: Castro-Espin Carlota , Agudo Antonio , Bonet Catalina , Katzke Verena , Turzanski-Fortner Renée , Aleksandrova Krasimira , Schulze Matthias B , Tjønneland Anne , Dahm Christina C , Quirós José Ramón , Sánchez María José , Amiano Pilar , Chirlaque María Dolores , Ardanaz Eva , Masala Giovanna , Sieri Sabina , Tumino Rosario , Sacerdote Carlotta , Panico Salvatore , May Anne M , Bodén Stina , Gram Iger T , Skeie Guri , Laouali Nasser , Shah Sanam , Severi Gianluca , Aune Dagfinn , Merritt Melissa A , Cairat Manon , Weiderpass Elisabete , Riboli Elio , Dossus Laure , Jakszyn Paula 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The role of chronic inflammation on breast cancer (BC) risk remains unclear beyond as an underlying mechanism of obesity and physical activity. We aimed to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of BC overall, according to menopausal status and tumour subtypes. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 318,686 women were followed for 14 years, among whom 13,246 incident BC cases were identified. The inflammatory potential of the diet was characterized by an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD). Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess the potential effect of the ISD on BC risk by means of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). ISD was positively associated with BC risk. Each increase of one standard deviation (1-Sd) of the score increased by 4% the risk of BC (HR=1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.07). Women in the highest quintile of the ISD (indicating most pro-inflammatory diet) had a 12% increase in risk compared with those in the lowest quintile (HR=1.12; 95% CI: 1.04-1.21) with a significant trend. The association was strongest among premenopausal women, with an 8% increased risk for 1-Sd increase in the score (HR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.14). The pattern of the association was quite homogeneous by BC subtypes based on hormone receptor status. There were no significant interactions between ISD and body mass index, physical activity or alcohol consumption. Women consuming more pro-inflammatory diets as measured by ISD are at increased risk for BC, especially premenopausal women.
Efficient Homogeneous TEMPO-mediated Oxidation of Cellulose in Lithium Bromide Hydrates
Authors: Fu Xiaotong , Zhang Fulong , Dong Cuihua , Zhu Wenyuan , Xiong Kaifeng , pang zhiqiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An appropriate cellulose-dissolving solvent is critical for the homogeneous oxidation of cellulose using TEMPO (2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)-mediated system. Herein, TEMPO/NaClO/NaClO2 system in lithium bromide hydrates (LBHs) was developed for the homogeneous selective-oxidation of cellulose, which was two-stage protocol involving cellulose dissolution and homogeneous oxidation. Specifically, cellulose was firstly dissolved in LiBr⋅3.5H2O and offered the optimal pH (5.6) for the subsequent TEMPO/NaClO/NaClO2 oxidation without precipitation of the cellulose chains. Effect of reaction conditions on cellulose oxidation was investigated. The results showed that high degree of oxidation (DO) and evenly distributed carboxyl could be achieved. The particle size gradually decreased with DO, and oxidized cellulose with high water solubility and amorphous structure could be obtained. Furthermore, FT-IR, 13C NMR and fractionation analysis verified that cellulose was successfully converted and the carboxyl uniformly distributed onto the cellulose chains. This TEMPO-mediated system using LBHs as solvent presented an efficient method on the homogeneous selective oxidation of primary hydroxyl in cellulose.
Single-Step Genomic Evaluation With a Metafounder for Feed Conversion Ratio and Average Daily Gain in Danish Landrace and Yorkshire Pigs
Authors: Fu Chuanke , Ostersen Tage , Xiang Tao , Christensen Ole F. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (SSGBLUP) method is an effective approach for genetic evaluation. To overcome the issue that pedigree and genomic relationship matrices refer to different base populations, a single-step genomic method with a metafounder (MF-SSGBLUP) was put forward. The aim of this study was to compare the predictive abilities and bias of genomic evaluation based on MF-SSGBLUP compared with standard SSGBLUP. We did this for feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average daily gain (ADG) in DanBred Landrace (LL) and DanBred Yorkshire (YY) pigs using both univariate and bivariate models. Additionally, optimal weighting factors (ω) on pedigree-based relationship matrices for ADG and FCR in both SSGBLUP and MF-SSGBLUP were also investigated.
Results

In general, SSGBLUP and MF-SSGBLUP methods showed similar predictive abilities and biasedness of GEBVs. In LL, for ADG, the predictive ability for SSGBLUP was up to 0.355, while MF-SSGBLUP reached a highest predictive ability of 0.356; for FCR, the predictive ability for MF-SSGBLUP together with a bivariate model was highest (0.196) among all the different scenarios. In YY, performances of genomic prediction for ADG were almost similar among different scenarios and predictive ability for ADG was up to 0.347; for FCR, the highest predictive ability (0.355) was obtained in MF-SSGBLUP. In biasedness, SSGBLUP and MF-SSGBLUP performed nearly the same, and bivariate models generally had less biasedness than univariate models. Additionally, in terms of the optimal weighting factors (ω), in LL, regardless of a univariate or a bivariate model was used, the optimal ω for ADG were around 0.2 in both SSGBLUP and MF-SSGBLUP; for FCR, 0.70 and 0.55 were the optimal ω in SSGBLUP and MF-SSGBLUP method, respectively. In YY, the optimal ω ranged from 0.25 to 0.35 for ADG and from 0.10 to 0.30 for FCR in different scenarios.
Conclusions

This study indicated that MF-SSGBLUP method performed at least as good as SSGBLUP for genomic evaluation. The optimal weighting factors (ω) in SSGBLUP and MF-SSGBLUP are not dramatically different. Overall, MF-SSGBLUP in combination with a bivariate model was recommended for single-step genomic evaluation for ADG and FCR in DanBred Landrace and Yorkshire pigs.
A Noise Immune Double Suspended Gate MOSFET for Ultra Low-Power Applications
Authors: Sengupta Savio Jay , Goswami Bijoy , Das Pritam , Sarkar Subir Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop the design and analytical modelling of a noise immune double suspended gate MOSFET (DSG-MOSFET) for ultra-low power applications. Also, Important performance parameters of the proposed structure such as pull-in and pull-out voltages have been thoroughly investigated with respect to the valuable structural parameters.MethodsThe design methodology used is EKV based analytical approach to calculate the pull-in and pull-out voltages with ingeniously developed boundary conditions which helps achieving reasonably accurate result. Also, the I-V characteristics has been modelled to justify accuracy.ResultsThe experimental result shows that the pull-in and pull-out voltages are in millivolts and microvolts range and hence it can be used in ultra-low power applications. As the ratio between the pull-out and the pull-in voltage is 10^(+3) range, justifies that the proposed structure is noise immune. The ID-VGS characteristic has hysteresis and this sharp transition in pull-in and pull-out voltage indicates that it can be used as an ideal switch with infinite sub-threshold slope.ConclusionThis paper presents a compact EKV based analytical modelling of pull-in and pull-out voltages for a DSG-MOSFET which predict the device characteristics reasonably similar to simulated results. Also, for the first time the noise immunity for a DSGMOSFET has been analyzed.
Influence of Anodization Parameters on Film Thickness and Volume Expansion of Thick and Large-Sized Anodic Aluminum Oxide Film
Authors: Pu Yuanjing , Hu Jiajun , Yao Taicang , Li Linfeng , Zhao Jie , Guo Yu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film with a thickness ranging from 20 to100 μm was prepared by using a large-sized Al plate (4 cm × 10 cm) to investigate the anodization parameter effect on the film thickness and volume expansion factor. A corrosion treatment (voltage = 0 V) was performed to investigate the film dissolution caused by acid. The actual anode surface temperature was also measured to confirm the field-assisted nature of AAO dissolution. The film thickness increases exponentially with temperature, and increases approximately linearly with voltage, duration or concentration. The volume expansion factor gives a first rising and then falling trend with temperature or duration, while it has a nearly linear trend with voltage or concentration. The volume expansion factor increases with the intensified electric field, while its decrease is attributed to the Joule heat-enhanced dissolution. In the case of large film thickness (> 20 μm), the pore confinement effect may be one of the reasons for the change of volume expansion factor. In addition to the conventional parameters, the heat transfer-related parameters such as sample size also greatly affect the AAO film growth.
Magnetic flux closure in mutant magnetotactic bacteria elucidates a key signature of magnetofossils
Authors: Amor Matthieu , Wan Juan , Egli Ramon , Carlut Julie , Gatel Christiphe , Andersen Ingrid Marie , Snoeck Etienne , Komeili Arash 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) produce single- or multi-stranded chains of magnetic nanoparticles that contribute to the magnetization of sedimentary rocks. Their magnetic fingerprint can be detected in ancient geological samples, and serve as a unique biosignature of microbial life. However, fossilized assemblages bear contradictory signatures pointing to magnetic components that have distinct origin(s). Here, we produce mutant bacteria to mimic MTB producing multi-stranded chains that cannot be cultivated in the laboratory, and show that the unresolved magnetic signatures are fully compatible with the contribution of MTB synthesizing multi-stranded nanoparticle chains and with fold-collapsed single-stranded chains. These structures generate magnetic flux-closing configurations while maintaining high remanent magnetizations. This work has important paleoclimatic, paleontological and phylogenetic implications, as it provides a novel tool to differentiate distinct MTB lineages (single- vs multi-stranded nanoparticle chains) which will enable the tracking of the evolution of some of the most ancient biomineralizing organisms in a time-resolved manner.
Moisture Uptake in Nanocellulose: The Effect of Relative Humidity, Temperature and Degree of Crystallinity
Authors: Garg Mohit , Apostolopoulou-Kalkavoura Varvara , Linares Mathieu , Kaldéus Tahani , Malmström Eva , Bergström Lennart , Zozoulenko Igor 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Foams made from cellulose nanomaterials are highly porous and possess excellent mechanical and thermal insulation properties. However, the moisture uptake and hygroscopic properties of these materials need to be better understood for their use in biomedical and bioelectronics applications, in humidity sensing and thermal insulation. In this work, we present a combination of hybrid Grand Canonical Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations and experimental measurements to investigate the moisture uptake within nanocellulose foams. To explore the effect of surface modification on moisture uptake we used two types of celluloses, namely TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils and carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibrils. We find that the moisture uptake in both the cellulose nanomaterials increases with increasing relative humidity (RH) and decreases with increasing temperature, which is explained using the basic thermodynamic principles. The measured and calculated moisture uptake in amorphous cellulose (for a given RH or temperature) is higher as compared to crystalline cellulose with TEMPO- and CM-modified surfaces. The high water uptake of amorphous cellulose films is related to the formation of water-filled pores with increasing RH. The microscopic insight of water uptake in nanocellulose provided in this study can assist the design and fabrication of high-performance cellulose materials with improved properties for thermal insulation in humid climates or packaging of water sensitive goods.
Fine-Mapping of the PLCL2&nbsp;Gene Identifies Candidate Variants Associated With Ischaemic Stroke Risk in Metabolic Syndrome Patients
Authors: Huang Xiaoya , Ye Qiang , Zhang Yanlei , Chen Yanyan , Li Jia , Sun Jun , Ye zusen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and aimsA genome-wide association study (GWAS) reported PLCL2 on chromosome 3p24.3 (rs4618210:A>G) as a novel susceptibility locus for myocardial infarction in the Japanese population. As the most common pathological process, atherosclerosis leads to metabolic syndrome (MetS)-related ischaemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction. Hypothesizing that polymorphisms of the PLCL2 gene might be associated with the onset and prognosis of IS in MetS patients, we performed the following study in a Chinese Han population. MethodsA total of 709 cases (patients with MetS plus IS) and 711 controls (patients with MetS) were enrolled. A fine-mapping strategy was adopted to identify tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PLCL2 gene, and improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technology was used to genotype the selected SNPs. Logistic regression was used to analyse the values of the selected SNPs for the risk of IS between the cases and controls, adjusting for sex, age, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, smoking and drinking. To compare the mean age of IS onset among different risk score groups, a genetic risk score was constructed for each case. The cumulative risk of IS events in the case group was presented using a cumulative incidence curve. All cases were followed up for 3 months, and functional outcomes were recorded prospectively.ResultsTwo SNPs (rs4685423 and rs4618210) were significantly related to the risk of IS in MetS patients. For rs4685423, patients who were AA homozygotes were less likely to suffer from IS than C-allele carriers (OR 0.718; 95% CI 0.567–0.909; multivariate-adjusted, P = 0.006). For rs4618210, A-allele carriers were less likely to develop IS than patients who were GG homozygotes (OR 0.679; 95% CI 0.548–0.841; multivariate-adjusted, P < 0.001). As the genetic risk score increased, the mean age at IS onset decreased (log-rank P = 0.010). There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of the 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) outcomes across the rs4685423 (P = 0.319) or rs4618210 polymorphisms (P = 0.148). ConclusionsOur findings suggested that genetic polymorphisms of PLCL2 might be associated with the onset of MetS-related IS. Further studies are warranted to validate our findings in other ethnic populations.
Combined Immunotherapy and Targeted Treatment for Primary Alveolar Soft part Sarcoma of the Lung ： Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Su Hui , Yu Chao , Ma Xuezhen , Song Qing Cui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Primary acinar soft part sarcoma of the lung is a rare malignancy with unique cellular structure and clinical and genetic characteristics. Most patients have no obvious clinical symptoms, and only a few develop respiratory symptoms. The typical histological characteristics are acinoid or organ-like structure. Immunofluorescence in situ hybridization suggests a rearrangement of the transcription factor E3 gene. Patients with primary acinar soft part sarcoma of the lung respond poorly to chemotherapy and are thus primarily treated with surgery and targeted therapy. We report herein a unique case of primary alveolar soft part sarcoma of the lung. The patient was a 24-year-old man who underwent targeted treatment combined with immunotherapy. Some of the lesions completely disappeared after treatment, indicating significant efficacy. The treatment benefit observed in the current case provides preliminary evidence that targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy maybe a safe and effective modality in patients with primary pulmonary ASPS, thus warranting further investigation.
No add-on effects of Unilateral and Bilateral Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Fine Motor Skill Training Outcome in Chronic Stroke. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Taud Benedikt , Lindenberg Robert , Darkow Robert , Wevers Jasmin , Höfflin Dorothee , Grittner Ulrike , Meinzer Marcus , Flöel Agnes 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may improve motor recovery after stroke. This study investigated if uni- and bihemispheric tDCS of the motor cortex can enhances fine motor training outcome and transfer to clinical assessments of upper motor function. Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial, forty chronic stroke patients underwent five days of fine motor skill training of the paretic hand with either unilateral or bilateral (N=15/group) or placebo tDCS (N=10). Immediate and long-term (three months) effects on training outcome and motor recovery (Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer, UE-FM, Wolf Motor Function Test, WMFT) were investigated. Results: Trained task performance significantly improved independently of tDCS in a curvilinear fashion. Anodal, but not dual tDCS resulted in a steeper learning curve on the UE-FM. Neither training nor combined training-tDCS improved WMFT performance.Conclusions: Fine motor skill training can facilitate recovery of upper extremity function. Minimal add-on effects of tDCS were observed.Clinical Trial Registration-URL: NCT01969097 retrospectively registered on 25/10/2013.
Multiple-soliton and Periodic Solutions to Space-time Fractional Whitham-Broer-Kaup Equations
Authors: Xu Hang , Cui Jifeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the space-time fractional Whitham-Broer-Kaup equations are investigated. By means of new fractional scaling transformations, the fractional nonlinear system of different time and space orders is transformed to the integer one. The multiple solitary solutions and periodic solutions are obtained respectively. All those solutions are given exactly by introducing new scaling transformations, which makes our study is unique and different from most existing studies. It is expected that exact solutions for nonlinear wave system of fractional order can be handled in the similar way.
Significant Differences in FcγRIIa, FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIb Genes Polymorphism and Anti-malarial IgG Subclass Pattern are Associated with Severe Malaria in Saudi Children
Authors: Nasr Amre , Aljada Ahmad , Hamid Osama , Elsheikh Hatim A. , Masuadi Emad , Al-Bawab Ahmad , Alenazi Themer H. , Abushouk Amir , Salah Ayman M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The FcyRs genotypes have been reported to play a key role in the defence against malaria parasites through both cellular and humoral immunity. This study aimed to investigate the possible correlation between FcγR (IIa, IIIa, and IIIb) genes polymorphism and the clinical outcome for anti‐malarial antibody response of Plasmodium falciparum infection among Saudi children. Material and methods: A 600 volunteers have been enrolled in this study, including 200 malaria-free control (MFC) subjects, 218 patients with uncomplicated malaria (UM) and 182 patients with severe malaria (SM). The FcγR genotypes was analysed using PCR amplification methods, and measurement of immunoglobulins were determine using ELISA. Results: The data revealed the FcγRIIa-R/R131 showed a statistically association with the increased susceptibility to SM when compared to UM patients. Furthermore, higher levels of IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 were associated with the FcγRIIa-H/H131 genotypes among UM patients. Although the FcγRIIa-F/V176 genotype was not associated with UM, it showed a significant association with severe malaria. Interestingly, the FcγRIIa-V/V176 genotype was This study aimed to associated with protection against SM. Moreover, severe malaria patients carrying the FcγRIIa-F/F genotype showed higher levels of AMA-1-specific IgG2 and IgG4 antibodies. The FcγRIIIb NA1/NA1 and FcγRIIIb NA2/NA2 genotypes did not show significant differences between UM and the MFC. However, the genotype FcγRIIIb-NA2/NA2 was statistically associated with severe malaria. Conclusions: The data presented in this study strongly suggest the possible impact of FcyR (IIa, RIIIa and RIIIb) gene variants and anti-malaria IgG subclasses play a role in susceptibility to malaria infection and disease outcomes in Saudi children.
BPIFB1 Inhibits Vasculogenic Mimicry Via Downregulation Of GLUT1-Mediated H3K27 Acetylation In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Xianjie , Deng Xiangying , Wang Jie , Mo Yongzhen , Shi Lei , Wei Fang , Zhang Shanshan , Gong Zhaojian , He Yi , Xiong Fang , Wang Yumin , Guo Can , Xiang Bo , Zhou Ming , Liao Qianjin , Li Xiaoling , Li Yong , Li Guiyuan , Xiong Wei , Zeng Zhaoyang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) exhibits significant regional differences and a high incidence in Southeast Asia and southern China. Bactericidal/permeability-increasing-fold-containing family B member 1 (BPIFB1) is a relatively specific and highly expressed protein in the nasopharyngeal epithelium. Accumulating evidence indicates that BPIFB1 is substantially downregulated in NPC and low BPIFB1 is associated with NPC patient’s poor prognosis. However, the clear molecular mechanism by which BPIFB1 regulates NPC is not well understood.MethodsThe expression of BPIFB1 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry(IHC) and the vasculogenic mimicry was examined by CD31/PAS double staining in NPC clinical samples. The regulation of BPIFB1 on vasculogenic mimicry in vitro and in vivo were performed by tube formation assay and xenograft assay respectively. ECAR was analyzed by Seahorse XF analyzer. 2-NBDG uptake was detected by FACS. Glucose consumption and lactate production were analyzed by Automatic Biochemical Analyzer. Downstream targets of BPIFB1 were validated by western blot, qPCR, Chip-qRT-PCR and dual luciferase reporter assay. Lastly, immunohistochemistry(IHC) was performed to confirm the relationship between BPIFB1 and related genes in NPC clinical samples. ResultsIn this study, we show that BPIFB1 plays an important role in regulating vasculogenic mimicry. Ectopic expression of BPIFB1 significantly inhibits vasculogenic mimicry. Mechanistically, we show that BPIFB1 can inhibits JNK/AP1 signaling which leads to inhibition of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) transcription and glycolysis, consequently, resulting in reducing histone H3K27 acetylation and decreasing the expression of vasculogenic mimicry-related VEGFA, VE-cadherin, and MMP2. ConclusionThis study demonstrates that BPIFB1 has a novel biological function in inhibiting glycolysis and vasculogenic mimicry and highlights that BPIFB1 is a potential target for NPC diagnosis and treatment.