bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traditional usage of underutilized aquatic plants found in the Imphal valley of Manipur
Authors: Devi Okram Abemsana , Saikia Mridula Barooah , Ningthoujam Sanjoy Singh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The paper focuses on the traditional usage of aquatic plants found in the wetland areas of the Imphal valley of Manipur. From the survey, 30 aquatic plants have been collected use for the management of various health conditions. Most of the collected plants consume as daily food items, some used for specific remedial purposes in the treatment of certain types of ailments and diseases like cough, fever, ulcer, piles, diarrhea, jaundice, skin diseases, rheumatic pain, diabetes, hypertension, urinary troubles, body pain, respiratory problems, urinary problems, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Accordingly, different parts of the plant are used as a single item or by mixing with other ingredients in various forms of fresh or raw, culinary, or as a tonic or dry or powder form to treat the diseases. The aquatic plants also incorporate in the preparation of various traditional dishes. 70% of collected wetland plants are marketable provides a means of livelihood and source of income for the poor and needy people. Therefore, proper documentation and preservation of traditional knowledge are essential that may provide useful for future generations through research in pharmaceuticals and drug discovery.
A deeper look at carrier proteome effects for single-cell proteomics
Authors: Olsen Jesper , Ye Zilu , Batth Tanveer , Rüther Patrick Leopold 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We probe the carrier proteome effects in single cell proteomics with mixed species TMTpro-labeled samples. We demonstrate that carrier proteomes, while increasing overall identifications, dictate which proteins are identified. We show that quantitative precision and signal intensity are limited at high carrier levels, hindering the recognition of regulated proteins. Guidelines for optimized mass spectrometry acquisition parameters and best practices for fold-change or protein copy number-based comparisons are provided.
Network Models of Prostate Cancer Immune Microenvironments Identify ROMO1 as Heterogeneity and Prognostic Marker
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Xudong , Liu Zhe , Wang Yafan , Fan Mengdi , Yin Jinyue , Zhang Yu , Ma Ying , Luo Jia , Li Rui , Zhao Xue , Zhang Peiju , Zhao Lijun , Fan Jinke , Chen Yuxuan , Lu Wei , Song Xinqiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the fifth leading cause of death from cancer in men worldwide. Its treatment remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of the tumor, mainly because of the lack of effective and targeted prognostic markers at the system biology level.Methods: First, samples of PCa were retrieved from UCSC Xena data, and valid samples were obtained by consistent clustering and principal component analysis; next, key genes were analyzed for prognosis of PCa using WGCNA, MEGENA, and LASSO Cox regression model analysis, while key genes were screened based on disease-free survival (DFS) significance. Finally, TIMER data were selected to explore the relationship between genes and tumor immune infiltration, and GSCAlite was used to explore the small-molecule targeted drugs that act with them.Results: In this study, we used tumor subtype analysis and an energetic co-expression network algorithm of WGCNA and MEGENA to identify a signal dominated by the ROMO1 tag to predict PCa prognosis. Cox regression analysis of this signal was an independent influence, and the prognostic value of this biomarker was validated in the training set, the validated data itself, and external data, respectively. This biomarker correlates with tumor immune infiltration and has a high degree of infiltration, poor prognosis, and strong correlation with CD8+ T cells. Gene function annotation and other analyses also implied a potential molecular mechanism for ROMO1.Conclusions: In conclusion, our study suggests ROMO1 as a portal key prognostic gene for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa. Moveover, we identify nutlin-3, fluorouracil, and other drugs as possible key drugs for diagnosis and prognosis, which provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
A Qualitative Study to Understand the Risk Perception About Exposure to the Bites of Sandflies Among Migrant Workers in the Lowlands of Northwest Ethiopia. A Health Belief Model Perspective.
Authors: Berhe Resom , Spigt Mark , Schneider Francine , Paintain Lucy , Adera Cherinet , Nigusie Adane , Gizaw Zemichael , Tesfaye Yihenewu Alemu , Elnaiem Dia-Eldin A. , Alemayehu Mekuriaw 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis is the top health problem among migrant workers in Ethiopia. Poor disease risk perception and inappropriate health-seeking behaviour are significant challenges to prevent and eliminate the disease. Therefore, there is a lack of guidance on supporting migrant workers in taking actions to prevent Leishmaniasis.Method: Between June and November 2019, we conducted qualitative research among migrant workers at risk of Leishmaniasis in Ethiopia. Seventeen Focus Group Discussions and 16 Key informant interviews were conducted to study risk perception in relation to exposure to sandfly bites and the use of sandfly control measures amongst migrant workers. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and translated for analysis. Data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis using ATLASti. Result: Migrant workers feel susceptible to Leishmaniasis due to their past exposure, and the disease is prevalent in the area. However, they feel that Leishmaniasis is a mild illness that is easy to cure. While there is a general acceptance of Insecticide Treated Net (ITN) as a protective measure, hesitations remain in the actual behaviour of utilizing it due to the alternative use of the traditional practice, seasonality, and the inconvenience to hang in the farmland areas. The central cues were the message reminders from health workers and rose in sandfly bite irritation regardless of the high perceived self-efficacy. Based on the findings, three-level intervention modalities are recommended: 1) awareness creation throughout of door media (posters, stickers, billboards) at pre-arrival, 2) the arrival level aims to stimulate the use of protective measures to be initiated and maintained, and 3) the aim at the departure level is to inform about the recognition of late signs and symptoms and the use of the protective measure to be continued at home. Conclusion: This finding proposes that leishmaniasis prevention interventions should focus on individuals' perceptions to promote consistent use of protective measures. Results empowered the researchers to foster comprehension of the content required for effective intervention.
Efficacy of a Novel Large-cell Niti-S stent with a Slim Delivery System for Hilar Biliary Obstruction: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Sugimoto Mitsuru , Takagi Tadayuki , Suzuki Rei , Konno Naoki , Asama Hiroyuki , Sato Yuki , Irie Hiroki , Ishizaki Yuto , Akatsuka Hidenobu , Nakamura Jun , Takasumi Mika , Hashimoto Minami , Kato Tsunetaka , Kobashi Ryoichiro , Yanagita Takumi , Marubashi Shigeru , Hikichi Takuto , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The large-cell Niti-S stent is useful for multiple stenting in malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO) patients. Recently, a novel uncovered self-expandable metallic stent (USEMS) (a large-cell Niti-S slim-delivery stent) was developed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this slim-delivery USEMS in MHBO patients.Methods: Outcomes related to USEMS placement, clinical course, and patency period were evaluated in MHBO patients who received multiple USEMSs.Results: Fourteen MHBO patients underwent the placement of multiple USEMSs, including using the novel slim-delivery stent. Three patients had a past history of Billroth-II reconstruction. The number of USEMSs placed in each patient was 2-6. Three procedures were reinterventions. The new slim delivery system was used to place the first stent in three patients and an additional stent in the remaining patients. The technical and clinical success rates were both 100%. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the cumulative patency rate 50 days after USEMS placement was 87.5%.Conclusions: Placing multiple USEMSs in patients with a past history of abdominal surgery or in reintervention is difficult. The novel USEMS might overcome these difficulties and be the first choice for MHBO patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable
Bioinformatic Analysis: The Role of LINC00634 in Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Fang , Fu Fengyihuan , Nie Yuqiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: LINC00634 is highly expressed in esophageal cancer, and its depletion can suppress the viability and induce the apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells. However, there is a lack of studies that examine the relationship between LINC00634 expression and the clinicopathological features, survival outcomes, prognostic factors and tumor immune cell infiltration of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) patients.Objective: We aim at investigating the role of LINC00634 in colorectal carcinoma.Methods: We obtained data from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) public database, GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression) database and clinical samples. Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Kruskal-Wallis test and logistic regression analysis were employed to assess the relationship between LINC00634 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the ability of LINC00634 for distinguishing between CRC patients and normal subjects based on the area under the curve (AUC) score. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between prognostic factors and survival outcomes. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis were employed to determine the contribution of LINC00634 expression to the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients. Immune infiltration analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were conducted to identify the significantly involved functions of LINC00634. Finally, a nomogram was constructed for internal verification based on the Cox regression data.Results: The expression of LINC00634 was upregulated in CRC patients, and markedly associated with N stage, residual tumor, pathological stage, and overall survival (OS) event. ROC curve showed that LINC00634 had strong diagnostic and prognostic abilities (AUC=0.74). The high expression of LINC00634 could predict poor disease specific survival (DSS; P=0.008) and poor overroll survival (OS;P<0.01). The expression of LINC00634 was independently associated with OS in CRC patients (P=0.019). GSEA and immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that LINC00634 expression was involved in gene transcription, epigenetic regulation and the functions of certain types of immune infiltrating cells. The c-index of the nomogram was 0.772 (95％CI: 0.744-0.799).Conclusions: Our study reveals that LINC00634 can serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for CRC patients.
Parental Conflicting Role Mediates Regulation of The Chromatin Structure in The Mouse Zygote
Authors: Ooga Masatoshi , Inoue Rei , Wakayama Sayaka , Kamimura Satoshi , Wakayama Teruhiko 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Parental pronuclei (PN) are asymmetrical in several points but the underlying mechanism for this is still unclear. Recently, a theory has been become broadly accepted that sperm are more than mere vehicles to carry the paternal haploid genome into oocytes. Here, in order to reveal the formation mechanisms for parental asymmetrically relaxed chromatin structure in zygotes, we investigated histone mobility in parthenogenetic-, androgenic-, ROSI-, ELSI-, tICSI-, and ICSI-zygotes with several numbers of PNs with the use of zygotic fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, a method previous established by our group. The results showed that sperm played a role to cause chromatin compaction in both parental PNs. Interestingly, during spermiogenesis, male germ cells acquired this ability and its resistance. On the other hand, oocytes harbored chromatin relaxation ability. Furthermore, the chromatin relaxation factor was competed for between PNs. Thus, these results indicated that the parental asymmetrically relaxed chromatin structure was established as a result of a competition between the PNs for the chromatin relaxation factor that opposed the chromatin compaction effect by sperm. Together, it was suggested that parental germ cells cooperated for their just arisen newborn zygotes by playing a distinct role in the regulation of chromatin structure.
Genetic editing of GS3 via CRISPR/Cas9 Accelerates the Breeding of Three-line Hybrid Rice With Superior Yield and Grain Quality
Authors: Huang Juan , Gao Lijun , Luo Shuming , Liu Kaiqiang , Qin Dongjin , Pan Yinghua , Dai Gaoxing , Deng Guofu , Zhu Changlan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Grain size is one of the major traits that control rice grain yield and quality. The GS3 gene, a major QTL regulating grain length and weight, is the first one been identified. A mutation occurred in its N-terminal organ size regulating domain (OSR)results in a loss of function of the mutant allele gs3 and rice varieties carry this gs3 allele often produce longer grains. In this study, we exploited the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology to introduce an edited gs3 allele, two guide RNAs(gRNA) targeted at the OSR of the GS3 gene were transformed into one of our indica maintainer lines, GM1B, for its grain yield and quality improvement. Through molecular analysis and sequencing, in T1 generation, a homologous edited-gs3 mutant line without tansgene was obtained and name as GM2B, then converted to CMS line GM1A by backcrossing to obtain another superior male sterile line GM2A for further tests. GM2B showed improved grain quality and yield compared to the WT GM1B, with grain length increased by 7.9%, length/width ratio increased from 3.89 to 4.19, TGW increased by 6.7%, and grain yield per plant increased by 14.9%. Meanwhile, genetic improvement of other quality traits including rice length (6.83mm), rice grain length/width ratio (3.61), matched the appearance standards set for traditional Simiao (silk seedling) type cultivars. Two restorer lines were outcrossed to both GM1A and GM2A to produce hybrid rice. Compared to GM1A’s two hybrids, the hybrids of GM2A had longer grains, higher length/width ratio, higher TGW and yield per plant. In addition, hybrids of GM2A showed better performance on grain appearance including better translucency, lower chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree than hybrids of GM1A.These data strongly demonstrate that the introduction of an elite gs3 allele into GM1A via CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology leads to significant genetic improvement. The resultant CMS line GM2A(gs3) performs much better than the original GM1A on grain quality and yield. Thus, our study proves that targeted genetic improvement using gene editing technology can expedite rice breeding, especially the breeding of three-line hybrid rice.
Two octave supercontinuum generation in a non-silica graded-index multimode fiber
Authors: Eslami Zahra , Salmela Lauri , Filipkowski Adam , Pysz Dariusz , Klimczak Mariusz , Buczyński Ryszard , Dudley John , Genty Goëry 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The generation of a two-octave supercontinuum from the visible to mid-infrared (700–2800 nm) in a non-silica graded-index multimode fiber is reported. The fiber design is based on a nanostructured core comprised of two types of drawn lead-bismuth-gallate glass rods with different refractive indices. This structure yields an effective parabolic index profile, an extended transmission window, and ten times increased nonlinearity when compared to silica fibers. Using femtosecond pulse pumping at wavelengths in both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes, a detailed study is carried out into the supercontinuum generating mechanisms and instabilities seeded by periodic self imaging. Significantly, suitable injection conditions in the high power regime are found to result in the output beam profile showing clear signatures of beam self-cleaning from nonlinear mode mixing. Experimental observations are interpreted using spatio-temporal 3+1D numerical simulations of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, and simulated spectra are in excellent agreement with experiment over the full two-octave spectral bandwidth. These results demonstrate a new pathway towards the generation of bright, ultrabroadband light sources in the mid-infrared.
Local Habitat Characteristics Determine Butterfly Diversity and Community Structure in a Threatened Kihansi Gorge Forest, Southern Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania
Authors: Rija Alfan Abeid 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Many species inhabiting Kihansi gorge ecosystem in Southern Udzungwa mountains, Tanzania are threatened with extinction due to habitat loss caused by constructed hydropower plant that diverted over 90% of the water off the Kihansi River. Understanding ecological correlates and structure of an animal community in perturbed ecosystems is an important way to enhancing species conservation particularly in this system where several species are already threatened with extinction. This study assessed influences of local habitat characteristics on the butterfly abundance, species richness and diversity and examined how the butterfly community structures across three structurally heterogeneous habitats in the Kihansi gorge forest. Butterfly abundance data were collected using baited traps and measured environmental variables in the field where trapping occurred. To understand the diversity and butterfly richness, these parameters were computed under Primer software. Non-metric multidimensional scaling and analysis of community similarity were used to analyse the butterfly community structure. Further, the generalized linear models were used to assess how the measured variables explained observed species diversity, abundance, and richness.
Results
In total, 72 species of butterfly in five families were recorded. Butterfly, species diversity and richness did not vary across the habitat types or elevation gradient but showed strong correlation with some habitat characteristics. Also, there was evidence of butterfly communities structuring into distinct groups that showed greater separation associated with the habitat characteristics they utilise. Further, across the study area, butterfly species diversity was mostly likely to increase in high canopy and in trees with smaller diameter at breast height and at lower ground cover. Similarly, abundance significantly increased in the woodland and wooded grassland habitats, where there was high canopy and where tree density was high. Furthermore, butterfly species richness was strongly positively associated with high canopy cover and was mostly likely to increase in sites closer to water source.
Conclusion
Assessing habitat correlates of the butterfly communities provide important information on what components of the habitats are most useful to target when planning conservation especially in threatened ecosystems. This also helps to reveal existing gaps in important knowledge that would be useful to improving long-term monitoring of biodiversity in in fragile systems such as the Kihansi gorge forest.
Semiconducting Polymer Nano-Radiopharmaceutical For Combined Radio-Photothermal Therapy of Pancreatic Tumor
Authors: Shi Xiumin , Li Qing , Zhang Chuan , Pei Hailong , Wang Guanglin , Zhou Hui , Fan Longfei , Yang Kai , Jiang Bo , Wang Feng , Zhu Ran 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastatingly malignant tumor with a high mortality. However, current strategies to treat PDAC generally have low efficacy and high side-effects, therefore, effective treatment against PDAC remains an urgent need. Results: We report a semiconducting polymer nano-radiopharmaceutical with intrinsic photothermal capability and labeling with therapeutic radioisotope 177Lu (177Lu-SPN-GIP) for combined radio- and photothermal therapy of pancreatic tumor. 177Lu-SPN-GIP endowed good stability at physiological conditions, high cell uptake, and long retention time in tumor site. By virtue of combined radiotherapy (RT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), 177Lu-SPN-GIP exhibited enhanced therapeutic capability to kill cancer cells and xenograft tumor in living mice compared with RT or PTT alone. More importantly, 177Lu-SPN-GIP could suppress the growth of the tumor stem cells and reverse epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), which may greatly reduce the occurrence of metastasis. Conclusion: Such strategy we developed could improve therapeutic outcomes over traditional RT as it is able to ablate tumor with relatively lower doses of radiopharmaceuticals to reduce its side effects.
Investigation of Heavy metalloid pollutants in the Earth's Environment Using Kriging Method and Hydrus Model
Authors: mirzaei farhad , Abbasi Yasser , Sohrabi Teymour , Mirhashemi Seyed Hassan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Due to the high cost of the large-scale measurement of heavy metals, the use of statistical land models and techniques is one of the proper ways to study their distribution and level of pollution. To study the distribution of heavy metals including copper, nickel, and lead, the conventional Kriging method in the GIS environment was used. In addition, one-dimensional HYDRUS modeling of water flow and heavy metals in the soil environment was simulated up to a depth of 50 cm for 210 days and the concentration of heavy metals in the depth was simulated. Distribution of lead element in soil surface with spherical model showed that its variation was in the range of 20-70 mg/kg. These values were 50-60 mg/kg for copper and 30 mg/kg for nickel. Investigation of heavy metal concentrations in soil profiles using the HYDRUS-1D model showed that the major accumulation of heavy metals occurred in the surface layer of soil at a depth of 0-15 cm that was higher than the permissible level.
Knockdown of IL-6 Plays a Crucial Role in Protection of Hypoxia-Ischemia in Neonatal Rats via Inhibiting Casp3 and BAX Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Ting-Hua , Bai Xue , Xiong Liu-Lin , Li Ting-Ting , Fang Chang-Le , Xia Qin-Jiu , Wang Qiu-Lin , Yang Si-Jin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The effect of interleukin-6 (IL-6) knockdown on hypoxia-ischemia (HI) of neonatal rat models was investigated to explore the underlying molecular regulation mechanism. Methods: To establish the HI model, we treated 7days postnatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with the right carotid artery ligation and had them exposed to the environment of 8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen for 2 h, respectively. Then, the neurologic function and morphology changes were assessed. Subsequently, IL-6 siRNA lentivirus was injected into cerebral cortex motor area 2 days before HI; meanwhile, the interference efficiency was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and Western blot. Immunofluorescence staining of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Hexaribonucleotide Binding Protein-3 (NeuN) and IL-6 were used to identify the location and interference effect of IL-6. In order to further research the underlying mechanisms, the expressions of downstream molecular including Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and Casp3 were examined following IL-6 up-regulation by QRT-PCR.Results: It was found that both the growth of cortical neurons and the length of axon were promoted after IL-6 interference, and the cell apoptosis was decreased. In addition, the expression of BAX and Casp3 were closely associated with IL-6. Conclusions: The present findings confirmed that the decreased IL-6 improves the deficiencies in neurologic function and morphology induced by HI, and the potential mechanism may be closely related with the regulation of Casp3 and BAX.