bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequent, quantitative bone planar scintigraphy for determination of bone anabolism in growing mice
Authors: Zaloszyc Ariane , Schmitt Claus Peter , Sayeh Amira , Higel Laetitia , Gros Catherine-Isabelle , Bornert Fabien , Aubertin-Kirch Gaëlle , Dillenseger Jean-Philippe , Goetz Christian , Constantinesco André , Fischbach Michel , Bahram Seiamak , Choquet Philippe 
Published: December 2021

Background
To provide insight into bone turnover, quantitative measurements of bone remodeling are required. Radionuclide studies are widely used in clinical care, but have been rarely used in the exploration of the bone in preclinical studies. We describe a bone planar scintigraphy method for frequent assessment of bone activity in mice across the growing period. Since repeated venous radiotracer injections are hardly feasible in mice, we investigated the subcutaneous route.

Methods
Repeated 99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP) tracer bone planar scintigraphy studies of the knee region and µCT to measure femur growth rate were performed in eight mice between week 6 and week 27 of life, i.e., during their growth period. Three independent investigators assessed the regions of interest (ROI). An index was calculated based on the counts in knees ROI (normalized by pixels and seconds), corrected for the activity administered, the decay between administration and imaging, and individual weights.

Results
A total of 93 scintigraphy studies and 85 µCT were performed. Repeated subcutaneous tracer injections were well tolerated and allowed for adequate radionuclide studies. Mean scintigraphic indexes in the knees ROI decreased from 87.4 ± 2.6 × 10−6 counts s−1 pixel−1 MBq−1 g−1 at week 6 to 15.0 ± 3.3 × 10−6 counts s−1 pixel−1 MBq−1 g−1 at week 27. The time constant of the fitted exponential decay was equal to 23.5 days. As control mean femur length assessed by µCT increased from 12.2 ± 0.8 mm at week 6 to 15.8 ± 0.2 mm at week 22. The time constant of the fitted Gompertz law was equal to 26.7 days. A correlation index of −0.97 was found between femur growth and decrease of bone tracer activity count between week 6 and 24.

Conclusion
This methodological study demonstrates the potential of repeated bone planar scintigraphy in growing mice, with subcutaneous route for tracer administration, for quantitative assessment of bone remodeling.
Development and validation of a nomogram risk prediction model for malignancy in dermatomyositis patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhong Jiaojiao , He Yunan , Ma Jianchi , Lu Siyao , Wu Yushi , Zhang Junmin 
Published: December 2021

Background
Dermatomyositis accompanied with malignancy is a common poor prognostic factor of dermatomyositis. Thus, the early prediction of the risk of malignancy in patients with dermatomyositis can significantly improve the prognosis of patients. However, the identification of antibodies related to malignancy in dermatomyositis patients has not been widely implemented in clinical practice. Herein, we established a predictive nomogram model for the diagnosis of dermatomyositis associated with malignancy.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 240 cases of dermatomyositis patients admitted to Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2002 to December 2019. According to the year of admission, the first 70% of the patients were used to establish a training cohort, and the remaining 30% were assigned to the validation cohort. Univariate analysis was performed on all variables, and statistically relevant variables were further included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen for independent predictors. Finally, a nomogram was constructed based on these independent predictors. Bootstrap repeated sampling calculation C-index was used to evaluate the model’s calibration, and area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the model discrimination ability.

Results
Multivariate logistic analysis showed that patients older than 50-year-old, dysphagia, refractory itching, and elevated creatine kinase were independent risk factors for dermatomyositis associated with malignancy, while interstitial lung disease was a protective factor. Based on this, we constructed a nomogram using the above-mentioned five factors. The C-index was 0.780 (95% CI [0.690–0.870]) in the training cohort and 0.756 (95% CI [0.618–0.893]) in the validation cohort, while the AUC value was 0.756 (95% CI [0.600–0.833]). Taken together, our nomogram showed good calibration and was effective in predicting which dermatomyositis patients were at a higher risk of developing malignant tumors.
Oil droplets dispersion under a deep-water plunging breaker: Experimental measurements and numerical modeling
Authors: Cui Fangda , Daskiran Cosan , Zhao Lin , Boufadel Michel C. , Robinson Brian , King Thomas , Lee Kenneth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract (1141370)
Wave tank experiments were performed to measure the droplets size distribution under the plunging breaking wave. A deep-water plunging breaker of height 20 cm was generated using the dispersive focusing method, and a shadowgraph camera was used to take images of droplets and bubbles of different sizes. For droplets smaller than the 1000 microns, the number-based DSD matched the DS correlation (Delvigne and Sweeney 1988), which gives N(d) ~ d−2.3, but N(d) ~ d−9.7 for diameters larger than 1000 microns. A numerical method was designed to study the oil dispersion under breaking waves by coupling the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) with the Lagrangian particle tracking code (NEMO3D) and population balance model (VDROP). The wave hydrodynamics was reproduced using the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes approach within a commercial CFD code ANSYS Fluent. The obtained wave hydrodynamics was then used as inputs for the NEM3D code and VDROP model. The numerical results show reasonable agreement with our experimental observation. The approach adopted to produce the DSD reduces the empiricism of the DS correlation, as the approach uses oil properties and measurable wave properties. The proposed numerical method was ready to be used in other scenarios of oil spills (i.e., oil jets in deep oceans and oil dispersion in riverine systems). It could also be potentially used in large scale forecast and hindcast simulations for oil spill response and research.
From the deep ocean to the coasts and estuaries through the shelf: linking coastal response to a deep blow-out
Authors: Kourafalou Vassiliki , Justic Dubravko , Androulidakis Yannis , Bracco Annalisa 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT # 685087As a marginal sea connected to neighboring basins through straits, the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) is dynamically and topographically complex. Physical processes are strongly influenced by the interaction of circulation in the GoM deep basin interior and in the surrounding shelf areas of diverse morphologies that include deltas, estuaries, barrier islands and marshes. This was particularly evident during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DwH) incident, a deep blow-out close to the Northern GoM shelves, over an area strongly affected by the brackish river plume originated from the Mississippi River Delta. The specific physical conditions are revisited, to illustrate the synergy between the evolution of the Loop Current – Florida Current system and the rapidly changing shelf and coastal currents under the influence of river runoff and winds. Each of these physical factors had been studied prior to the DwH incident, but their combined effects on hydrocarbon pathways were not known.Examples are given on what has been learned through research under the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI) in the last 10 years. The focus is on transport processes in the GoM along the ocean continuum from the deep basin interior to the coastal and wetland areas, and their relevance for oil transport and fate. Post-DwH studies have advanced regarding methodologies and tools. These include multi-platform observations and data analyses, in tandem with high-resolution, data assimilative models for past simulations and predictions.Important new findings include the connectivity between remote coastal regions, as deep oceanic currents can facilitate the cross-marginal transport of materials not only locally, but regionally. This creates a broader and more challenging view for the management of coastal marine resources that should be integrated for preparedness and response. Two examples are presented on connectivity processes. First, advances in the understanding of transport rates and pathways from the Mississippi Delta to the Florida Keys. Second, new findings on how coastal circulation near Cuba influences the evolution of the Loop Current system and the oil fate from a potential oil spill in Cuban waters.The synthesis of the above findings aims to demonstrate how knowledge acquired during GoMRI can advise future planning of scientific research to aid preparedness and response not only for the GoM, but for many offshore areas of oil exploration. The goal is to advance the understanding and predictability of oil slick trajectories over pathways from the deep to the coastal environment and vice versa.
Tissue‐Engineered Bone Functionalized with MoS2 Nanosheets for Enhanced Repair of Critical‐Size Bone Defect in Rats
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Boyou , Zheng Zefeng , Cai Qingyun , Wang Jingcheng , Shu Qiang , Wang Lijia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTissue‐engineered bones have therapeutic potential for critical‐size bone defects; however, the production of high quantities of the tissue‐engineered bones with osteo‐induction ability remains a huge challenge. Hyperthermia has been shown to up‐regulate the expression of osteogenesis‐related proteins to efficiently to promote bone regeneration. In this study, the authors develop a novel photothermal tissueengineered bone (PTEB) with osteo‐induction ability and a biomimetic cellular environment. PTEB is generated by seeding rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) in the photothermal MoS2‐biotin‐garose‐gelatin scaffold, and then overlaying the scaffold using osteo‐induction extracellular matrix (OiECM). The rBMMSCs act as seeding cells, while OiECM provide a biomimetic microenvironment for repairing critical‐sized cranial defects in rats. The results show that the PTEB exhibit high biocompatibility and osteo‐induction ability under near‐infrared (NIR) radiation. Results of in vitro experiments show that PTEB under NIR radiation promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMMSCs. Furthermore, the PTEB implantation under NIR radiation significantly induces regeneration of bone in critical‐size bone defects in rats 12 weeks after implantation. These findings indicate that PTEB has great potential in regenerative medicine and may represent an effective replacement for autografts used commonly in bone tissue engineering.
Arming Immune Cell Therapeutics with Polymeric Prodrugs
Authors: López Ciana L. , Brempelis Katherine J. , Matthaei James F. , Montgomery Kate S. , Srinivasan Selvi , Roy Debashish , Huang Fei , Kreuser Shannon A. , Gardell Jennifer L. , Blumenthal Ian , Chiefari John , Jensen Michael C. , Crane Courtney A. , Stayton Patrick S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEngineered immune cells are an exciting therapeutic modality, which survey and attack tumors. Backpacking strategies exploit cell targeting capabilities for delivery of drugs to combat tumors and their immune‐suppressive environments. Here, a new platform for arming cell therapeutics through dual receptor and polymeric prodrug engineering is developed. Macrophage and T cell therapeutics are engineered to express a bioorthogonal single chain variable fragment receptor. The receptor binds a fluorescein ligand that directs cell loading with ligand‐tagged polymeric prodrugs, termed “drugamers.” The fluorescein ligand facilitates stable binding of drugamer to engineered macrophages over 10 days with 80% surface retention. Drugamers also incorporate prodrug monomers of the phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase inhibitor, PI‐103. The extended release of PI‐103 from the drugamer sustains antiproliferative activity against a glioblastoma cell line compared to the parent drug. The versatility and modularity of this cell arming system is demonstrated by loading T cells with a second fluorescein‐drugamer. This drugamer incorporates a small molecule estrogen analog, CMP8, which stabilizes a degron‐tagged transgene to provide temporal regulation of protein activity in engineered T cells. These results demonstrate that this bioorthogonal receptor and drugamer system can be used to arm multiple immune cell classes with both antitumor and transgene‐activating small molecule prodrugs.
Coherence Between Different Propagating Surface Plasmon Polariton Modes Excited by Quantum Mechanical Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Radulescu Andreea , Kalathingal Vijith , Wang Zhe , Nijhuis Christian A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCoherence between different surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes excited by inelastically tunneling electrons in biased metal–insulator–metal tunnel junctions (MIM‐TJs) is demonstrated. By employing a dedicated SPP stripe waveguide with MIM‐TJ, an effective double‐slit configuration similar to the Young's experiment is realized for an electrically biased SPP source. The spatial correlation between different SPP modes originates from a single inelastic tunneling event and leads to strong interference in the far‐field, observed as alternate bright and dark fringes in the Fourier plane. The measured fringe‐spacing inversely follows the stripe waveguide length, with upper limit dictated by the SPP propagation length, confirming the SPP mediated spatial correlation. Finite difference time domain simulations support the experimental findings. Also, the experimental and simulation results unambiguously demonstrate the two‐step plasmonic decay process in plasmonic MIM‐TJs. The results presented here provide a simple and robust demonstration of the inherent coherence existing between different decay channels (plasmons and photons) of the inelastically tunneling electrons and can be exploited for plasmonic applications with tailored spatial coherence with implications in plasmon amplification and quantum information processing.
Digitalization of Battery Manufacturing: Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Ayerbe Elixabete , Berecibar Maitane , Clark Simon , Franco Alejandro A. , Ruhland Janna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs the world races to respond to the diverse and expanding demands for electrochemical energy storage solutions, lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) remain the most advanced technology in the battery ecosystem. Even as unprecedented demand for state‐of‐the‐art batteries drives gigascale production around the world, there are increasing calls for next‐generation batteries that are safer, more affordable, and energy‐dense. These trends motivate the intense pursuit of battery manufacturing processes that are cost effective, scalable, and sustainable. The digital transformation of battery manufacturing plants can help meet these needs. This review provides a detailed discussion of the current and near‐term developments for the digitalization of the battery cell manufacturing chain and presents future perspectives in this field. Current modelling approaches are reviewed, and a discussion is presented on how these elements can be combined with data acquisition instruments and communication protocols in a framework for building a digital twin of the battery manufacturing chain. The challenges and emerging techniques provided here is expected to give scientists and engineers from both industry and academia a guide toward more intelligent and interconnected battery manufacturing processes in the future.
Kirigami‐Based Stretchable, Deformable, Ultralight Thin‐Film Thermoelectric Generator for BodyNET Application
Authors: Guo Zhanpeng , Yu Yuedong , Zhu Wei , Zhang Qingqing , Liu Yutong , Zhou Jie , Wang Yaling , Xing Jian , Deng Yuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThermoelectric generators (TEGs) as potential power supply have great prospects for wearable application. Nevertheless, difficulties in realizing deformability, ultralight weight, and high power density of TEGs at the same time has strongly frustrated their commercial applications to date. Herein, inspired by the art of kirigami, an innovative design to construct stretchable, deformable, ultralight 3D thin‐film TEG from a 2D structure by introducing rational kirigami cuts is proposed. Meanwhile, high‐performance inorganic thermoelectric films are compatibly introduced to the TEG without property degradation. In addition, the vertical heat flow is easily realized in the planar thin‐film TEG, which is beneficial for the establishment of large temperature differences. The fabricated ultralight kirigami‐based TEG (only 29 mg in weight), without an additional heat sink demonstrates the highest open voltage density of 6.712 V g−1 with a maximum power density of 255.395 µW g−1 at Thot = 60 °C. Moreover, the TEG exhibits excellent compliance to extreme mechanical deformation and adaptability to variety surfaces. This work provides a new design concept for deformable TEGs with promising application in a broader set of BodyNET technology.
Risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia by sex and race/ethnicity: The Multiethnic Cohort Study
Authors: Lim Unhee , Wang Songren , Park Song‐Yi , Bogumil David , Wu Anna H. , Cheng Iona , Haiman Christopher A. , Le Marchand Loïc , Wilkens Lynne R. , White Lon , Setiawan V. Wendy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionData are limited for comparison of sex‐ and race/ethnicity‐specific risks of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD).MethodsIn the population‐based Multiethnic Cohort, we estimated the age‐standardized diagnostic incidence rate (ASDIR) and relative risk of late‐onset ADRD (n = 16,410) among 105,796 participants based on Medicare claims (1999‐2014) by sex and race/ethnicity.ResultsThe ASDIR for ADRD was higher for women (17.0 per 1000 person‐years) than for men (15.3) and varied across African Americans (22.9 in women, 21.5 in men), Native Hawaiians (19.3, 19.4), Latinos (16.8, 14.7), Whites (16.4, 15.5), Japanese Americans (14.8, 13.8), and Filipinos (12.5, 9.7). Similar risk patterns were observed for AD. Adjustment for education and cardiometabolic diseases attenuated the differences. Accounting for deaths from competing causes increased the sex difference, while reducing the racial/ethnic differences. Less racial/ethnic disparity was detected among apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 carriers.DiscussionMore research is needed to understand the sex and racial/ethnic differences in ADRD.
Consumer wealth
Authors: Tully Stephanie M. , Sharma Eesha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article focuses on understanding the meaning of consumer wealth. Research on consumer wealth uses a variety of terminology, including but not limited to economic recessions, financial constraints, financial deprivation, financial satisfaction, financial scarcity, financial well‐being, income, poverty, slack, socio‐economic status (SES), subjective SES, and subjective wealth. We first review and integrate multiple streams of research to provide a discussion on the conceptualization and measurement of objective wealth (i.e., consumers' actual financial resource levels) and subjective wealth (i.e., subjective assessments of consumers' financial resource levels). We then propose an organizing framework that explains the process by which consumers construct subjective wealth perceptions, identifying different routes that can be employed, as well as common cognitive and affective responses that operate across routes to shape final assessments. This framework provides greater understanding of why subjective wealth often diverges from objective wealth, why and how certain individual differences and contextual factors influence subjective wealth perceptions, and how differences across measures of consumer wealth may confer important differences that can influence downstream responses. Our framework identifies current gaps in the literature, offering new directions for future research, along with testable hypotheses related to the antecedents and consequences of subjective wealth.
Fuzzy model predictive MPPT control of interconnected wind turbines drivetrain
Authors: Farbood Mohsen , Shasadeghi Mokhtar , Izadian Afshin , Niknam Taher 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper provides a novel fuzzy‐based model predictive control (MPC) of a hydraulic‐based drivetrain that can combine the harvested energy of multiple wind turbines into one generator. The modeling is based on the sector nonlinearity approach and Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy. In addition, prediction and quadratic programming (QP) are formulated to obtain suitable control commands for the displacement of hydraulic pumps. Input–output linearization is utilized to control the generator torque load to regulate the speed. Minimizing the cost function for T‐S fuzzy‐based interconnected hydraulic wind turbine systems is converted to a QP problem to reduce the computation complexity. Therefore, the proposed nonlinear fuzzy‐based MPC scheme is more realistic to be implemented in real time. The feasibility of the optimization problem is improved when a new ellipsoidal terminal constraint is considered in the controller design process. Offline linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are utilized to obtain the terminal cost of T‐S fuzzy‐based nonlinear systems. The simulation results demonstrate a significant reduction in computations and control efforts compared to LMI‐based MPC, kω2 approach, and (proportional–integral) PI controllers. It is also demonstrated that the system response to a sudden wind speed variation contains less overshoot and settles in a shorter time.
A systematic review on autistic people's experiences of stigma and coping strategies
Authors: Han Emeline , Scior Katrina , Avramides Katerina , Crane Laura 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAutism can be understood as a concealable stigmatized identity. This is the first systematic review to synthesize the literature on autistic people's experiences of stigma and coping strategies. 2877 studies were screened and 27 were included in this review. The reviewed literature demonstrates that autistic individuals are acutely aware of being stereotyped, judged, and discriminated by others. Autistic people also show signs of internalizing stigma, rendering them more vulnerable to low self‐worth and poorer mental health. To manage the impact of stigma, the included studies suggest that autistic individuals may use these strategies: concealment and camouflaging, selective disclosure and self‐advocacy, as well as positive reframing and reconstructing identity. However, the evidence is limited and mixed in terms of how helpful and effective these strategies are. Future studies should include autistic populations with a wider range of intellectual abilities and explore interventions that can support autistic people in managing stigma to supplement interventions that seek to reduce stigma towards autistic people. The power of language in perpetuating and challenging stigma also has important implications for research and practice, underscoring the need for researchers and practitioners to reflect carefully on the messages they are communicating about autism.