bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Stepwise-Targeting Strategy For The Treatment of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Hu Jing-Bo , Tan Xueying , Wang Dongwei , Liang Hongze , Peng Jiejun , Li Fengyan , Zhou Quan , Geng Peiwu , Wang Shuanghu , Yu Yue , Liu Jin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Effective amelioration of neuronal damages in the case of cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is essential for the protection of brain tissues and their functional recovery. However, most drugs can not penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), resulting in the poor therapeutic outcomes. Results: In this study, the derivatization and dual targeted delivery technologies were used to actively transport antioxidant melatonin (MLT) into the mitochondria of oxidative stress-damaged cells in brain tissues. A mitochondrial targeting molecule triphenylphosphine (TPP) was conjugated to melatonin (TPP-MLT) to increase the distribution of melatonin in intracellular mitochondria with the push of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Then, TPP-MLT was encapsulated in dual targeted micelles mediated by TGN peptide (TGNYKALHPHNG) with high affinity for BBB and SHp peptide (CLEVSRKNG) for the glutamate receptor of oxidative stress-damaged neural cells.TGN/SHp/TPP-MLT micelles could effectively scavenge the overproduced ROS to protect neuronal cells from oxidative stress injury during CIS occurrence, as reflected by the improved infarct volume and neurological deficit in CIS model animals.Conclusions: These promising results showed this stepwise-targeting drug-loaded micelles potentially represent a significant advancement in the precise treatment of CIS.
Clinicians’ Perspective On Oligometastatic Disease: A National Survey.
Authors: Felter Mette , Josipovic Mirjana , Serup_Hansen Eva , Geertsen Poul , Behrens Claus , Khalil Azza Ahmed , Persson Gitte Fredberg 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:A clear definition of oligometastatic disease (OMD) does not exist. The number of metastases is the most used parameter to select patients for ablative treatments. We conducted a nationwide survey to assess the clinically working physician’s perception and definition of the OMD concept.Material and methods: An 18-items questionnaire was prepared using an online survey tool and sent to 461 physicians working at nine different oncology centres. Both clinical- and medical oncologists were invited, specialists as well as trainees.Results: A total of 102 physicians from seven different centres completed the survey (response rate 22%). The majority (93%) of responders expected cure or long-term survival could be achieved with an ablative strategy for selected patients with OMD. Up to three metastases (43% of responders) in up to two organs (44% of responders) was the preferred threshold the responders were willing to treat when applying an ablative strategy for patients with OMD. Only 7% were willing to treat up to five metastases. There was no apparent disagreement between responders engaged/not engaged in RT planning. Among cancer types, patients with colorectal-, breast-, lung-, prostate-, and kidney cancer were considered most suitable for an ablative treatment strategy. Conclusions:Most responders expected that an ablative treatment strategy could be beneficial in selected patients with OMD. In general, there was agreement on the selection criteria for OMD regarding the number of metastases, number of organs, anatomical sites and cancer types.
Hyperaminoacidemia induces pancreatic α cell proliferation via synergism between mTORC1 and CaSR-Gq signaling pathways
Authors: Gong Yulong , Zhang Ding-Dong , Tang Zihan , Coate Katie , Siv Walter , Yin Linlin , Covington Brittney , Patel Ravi , Yang Bingyuan , Yang Liu , Dean Danielle , Powers Alvin , Chen Wenbiao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Glucagon has emerged as the main regulator of extracellular amino acid homeostasis. Insufficient glucagon signaling results in hyperaminoacidemia, which drives adaptive proliferation of glucagon-producing α cells. Aside from mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), the role of other amino acid sensors in the α cell proliferation has not been described. Here, using gcgr-deficient zebrafish and cultured mouse islets, we show that α cell proliferation requires the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) and downstream extracellular signalregulated protein kinase (ERK1/2). Inactivation of casr dampened α cell proliferation, which can be rescued by re-expression of CaSR or activation of the downstream Gq, but not Gi, signaling in α cells. CaSR was also unexpectedly necessary for mTORC1 activation in α cells. Furthermore, co-activation of Gq and mTORC1 induced α cell proliferation independent of hyperaminoacidemia. These results reveal another amino acid sensitive mediator, and identify major pathways necessary and sufficient for hyperaminoacidemia-induced α cell proliferation.
Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Salience Network in Schizophrenia and Depression
Authors: Huang Huan , Chen Cheng , Rong Bei , Wan Qirong , Chen Jingang , Liu Zhongchun , Zhou Yuan , Wang Gaohua , Wang Huiling 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To explore the salience network(SN) functional alterations in schizophrenia and depression, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 29 patients with schizophrenia (SCH), 28 patients with depression (DEP) and 30 healthy controls(HC) were obtained. The SN was derived from data-driven group independent component analysis (gICA). ANCOVA and post hoc tests were performed to discover the FC differences of SN between groups. The ANCOVA demonstrated a significant group effect in FC with right inferior and middle temporal gyrus (ITG and MTG), left caudate, and right precentral gyrus. Post-hoc analyses revealed an opposite altered FC pattern between SN and right ITG and MTG for both patient groups. The DEP group showed a reduced FC between SN and right ITG and MTG compared with HC whereas the SCH group showed an increased FC. In addition, the SCH group showed decreased FC between SN and left caudate, and enhanced FC between SN and right precentral gyrus compared to the other two groups. Our findings suggest distinct FC of SN in schizophrenia and depression, supporting that the resting-state FC pattern of SN may be a transdiagnostic difference between depression and schizophrenia and may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of these two disorders.
Early mortality in elderly patients with isolated C2 odontoid fracture treated by halo-vest immobilization, anterior spinal fixation, or posterior spinal fixation: A generalized propensity score-based analysis using a nationwide database
Authors: Honda Akira , Iizuka Yoichi , Michihata Nobuaki , Morita Kojiro , Mieda Tokue , Takasawa Eiji , Ishiwata Sho , Kakuta Yohei , Tomomatsu Yusuke , Ito Shunsuke , Inomata Kazuhiro , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo , Chikuda Hirotaka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To compare in-hospital mortality of three procedures in the treatment of elderly patients with isolated C2 odontoid fracture: halo-vest immobilization, anterior spinal fixation (ASF), and posterior spinal fixation (PSF).
Methods
We extracted data for elderly patients who were admitted with C2 odontoid fracture and treated with at least one of the three procedures (halo-vest immobilization, ASF, or PSF) during hospitalization. We conducted a generalized propensity score-based matching weight analysis to compare in-hospital mortality among the three procedures. We further investigated independent risk factors for in-hospital death.
Results
The study involved 891 patients (halo-vest, n = 463; ASF, n = 74; and PSF, n = 354) with a mean age of 78 years. In-hospital death occurred in 45 (5.1%) patients. Treatment type was not significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. Male sex (odds ratio, 2.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.32–6.73; p = 0.009) and a Charlson comorbidity index of ≥ 3 (odds ratio, 9.18; 95% confidence interval, 3.25–25.92; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
Conclusions
Treatment type (halo-vest immobilization, ASF, or PSF) was not significantly associated with in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with isolated C2 odontoid fracture. Halo-vest immobilization can help to avoid adverse events in patients with C2 odontoid fracture who are considered less suitable for surgical treatment.
Ketamine Supplementation To Bupivacaine For Knee Arthroscopy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Chunhong , Xiao Zhibo , Chen Liuli , Pan Songli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The efficacy of ketamine supplementation to bupivacaine for pain management of knee arthroscopy remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of ketamine supplementation to bupivacaine on the postoperative pain intensity of knee arthroscopy.Methods: We have searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through July 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of ketamine supplementation to bupivacaine on pain control of knee arthroscopy. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.Results: Four RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for knee arthroscopy, ketamine supplementation remarkably decreases pain scores at 30 min (SMD=-0.98; 95% CI=-1.42 to -0.55; P<0.00001) and number of additional analgesics (OR=0.27; 95% CI=0.10 to 0.71; P=0.008), but reveals no significant impact on pain scores at 1 h (SMD=-1.34; 95% CI=-3.42 to 0.73; P=0.20), pain scores at 6 h (SMD=-0.33; 95% CI=-1.39 to 0.72; P=0.53), time of first analgesic requirement (SMD=1.27; 95% CI=-0.95 to 3.49; P=0.26) or additional analgesic consumption (SMD=-2.25; 95% CI=-5.89 to 1.40; P=0.23). Conclusions: Ketamine supplementation may improve the pain control when in combination with bupivacaine for knee arthroscopy.
Crystal structure prediction by combining graph network and Bayesian optimization
Authors: Cheng Guanjian , Gong Xin-Gao , Yin Wan-Jian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We developed a density functional theory (DFT)-free approach for crystal structure prediction, in which a graph network (GN) is adopted to establish a correlation model between the crystal structure and formation enthalpies, and Bayesian optimization (BO) is used to accelerate the search for crystal structure with optimal formation enthalpy. The approach of combining GN and BO for crystal structure searching (GN-BOSS) can predict crystal structures at given chemical compositions with and without additional constraints on cell shapes and lattice symmetries. The applicability and efficiency of the GN-BOSS approach is then verified by solving the classical Ph-vV challenge. The approach can accurately predict the crystal structures with a computational cost that is three orders of magnitude less than that required for DFT-based approaches. The GN-BOSS approach may open new avenues for data-driven crystal structural predictions without using expensive DFT calculations.
Title: Predictive value of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C-Reactive Protein in Behcet's Disease Activity and Manifestations: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Parsaei Amirhossein , Moradi Soroush , Masoumi Maryam , Davatchi Fereydoun , Najafi Anahita , Kooshki Ashkan Mohammadi , Hajighadery Abdolkarim , Akhlaghi Massoomeh , Faezi Tahereh , Kavosi Hoda 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Behcet’s disease (BD) as a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the eyes, skin, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract and vessels. According to the literature, the exact value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in predicting active manifestations of BD remains controversial. In this study, we aim to assess and compare values of ESR and CRP between BD patients with active/ inactive BD and active/inactive manifestations of the disease. Moreover, we try to determine the predictive value of ESR and CRP for disease activity.Methods: Participants (n=514) were drug-naïve BD patients; Based on last two visits, ESR and CRP values, disease activity, and active manifestations were recorded. The Man-Whitney U test measured the associations, and the binomial logistic regression evaluated the predictive value of ESR and CRP for active disease and each active manifestation. The sensitivity and specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) for each model were determined using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Multiple regressions were run to predict BD activity score from ESR and CRP.Result: Patients with active ocular, oral, genital, joint and dermal manifestations had higher ESR and CRP values (Mann-Whitney U test, p< 0.05 for all). Binomial logistic regressions showed that ESR had valuable predictive value for active BD (OR =1.09[1.04-1.13] , AUC = 0.79[0.74-0.83], p<0.001) and active vascular manifestations (1.03[1.01-1.05], AUC = 0.85[0.79-0.92], p<0.001). CRP had good predictive value for active vascular manifestations (OR 1.98[1.45-2.72], AUC = 0.86[0.8-0.91], p<0.001,). The optimal value of ESR ≥ 10.5 and ESR ≥ 42.5 could predict active BD and active vascular manifestations with Sensitivity,Specificity = 71%,75% and =81%, 83% respectively.Conclusions: ESR and CRP are both associated with active BD and most manifestations of the diseases. They can be used for the prediction of active BD and active vascular manifestations in BD patients. Further studies can help to confirm the findings of the current research.
The Impact of Armed Conflict on Utilisation of Health Services in North-West Syria: An Observational Study
Authors: Ekzayez Abdulkarim , Ahmad Yasser Alhaj , Alhaleb Hasan , Checchi Francesco 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundArmed conflicts are known to have detrimental impact on availability and accessibility of health services. Consequently, utilisation of healthcare is usually affected. However, little is known on the extent of these effects largely due to challenges facing research in such settings. This study examines whether exposure to war incidents affected utilisation of key health services in conflict affected areas of north west Syria between 1 October 2014 and 30 June 2017.MethodsThe study is an observational study using routinely collected data in 8 health facilities in north west Syria and a database on conflict incidents. Longitudinal panel data analysis was used with fixed effect negative binomial regression for the monthly analysis and distributed lag model with a lag period of 30 days for the daily analysis.ResultsThe study found strong evidence for a negative association between bombardments and both consultations and antenatal care visits. The monthly Risk Ratio was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.94-0.97) and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.93-0.98) respectively; and the cumulative daily RR at 30 days was 0·19 (95%CI: 0·15 - 0·25) and 0·42 (95%CI: 0·25 - 0·69) for consultations and antenatal care respectively. Explosions were found to be associated with an increase in the number of deliveries and C-sections. The data provides evidence that each one unit increase in explosions in a given month in a given village was associated with about 20% increase in deliveries and C-sections; RR was 1·22 (95%CI: 1·05-1·42) and 1·96 (95%CI: 1·03-3·74) respectively.ConclusionThe study found that access to healthcare in affected areas in Syria has been limited. The study also provides evidence that conflict incidents were associated negatively with the utilisation of health services. Based on this evidence, health actors in conflict settings need to adopt strategies that ensure availability and accessibility of health services such as decentralisation and outreach health services.
Single cell analysis reveals altered tumor microenvironments of relapse- and remission-associated pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ulukaya Gulay B. , Thomas Beena E. , Bhasin Swati S. , Mumme Hope , Dwivedi Bhakti , Perumalla Pruthvi , Sarkar Debasree , Sabnis Himalee S. , Park Sunita I. , DeRyckere Deborah , Raikar Sunil , Pauly Melinda , Summers Ryan J. , Castellino Sharon M. , Wechsler Daniel S. , Porter Christopher C. , Graham Douglas K. , Bhasin Manoj 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Relapse- and continuous complete remission (CCR)-associated pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient bone marrows collected at the time of diagnosis (Dx), end of induction (EOI) and relapse were analyzed by single cell RNA sequencing. A novel AML blasts-associated 7-genes signature (CLEC11A, PRAME, AZU1, NREP, ARMH1, C1QBP, TRH) displayed a strong correlation with blast percentages and overall survival in the TARGET AML dataset (HR = 2.3; P-value = .007). Distinct clusters of AML-blasts at Dx were observed for relapse- and CCR-associated samples with differential expression of genes associated with survival. Relapse-associated samples demonstrated enrichment of exhausted T cells and M2 macrophages as opposed to inflammatory M1 macrophages in CCR-associated samples at Dx. EOI treatment resistant blast cells overexpressed fatty acid oxidation, tumor growth and stemness genes. Also, a relapse-associated EOI samples T cells subset showed downregulation of MHC Class I and regulatory genes. Altogether, this study deeply characterizes pediatric AML relapse-/CCR-associated tumor microenvironment transcriptome landscape.
Complete Model-Free Siding Mode Control (CMFSMC)
Authors: Zhu Quanmin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study presents a Complete Model-Free Sliding Mode Control (CMFSMC) framework for the control of continuous-time nonaffine nonlinear dynamic systems with unknown models. The novelty lies in the introduction of two equalities to assign the derivative of the sliding functions, which generally bridges the designs of those model-based SMC and model-free SMC. The study includes a double SMC (DSMC) design, state observer design, and desired reference state vector design (whole system performance), which all do not require plant nominal models. The preconditions required in the CMFSMC are the plant dynamic order and the boundedness of plant and disturbances. U-model based control (U-control) is incorporated to configure the whole control system, that is 1) taking model-free double SMC as a robust dynamic inverter to cancel simultaneously both nonlinearity and dynamics of the underlying plants, 2) taking a model-free state observer to estimate the state vector, 3) taking invariant controller to specify the whole control system performance in a linear output feedback control and to provide desired reference state vector. The related properties are studied to support the concept/configuration development and the analytical formulations. Simulated case studies demonstrate the developed framework and show off the transparent design procedure for applications and expansions.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Lymphocytosis in Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis with Elimination of Incorporation Bias
Authors: Hill Meghan , Petnak Tananchai , Moua Teng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent studies support the diagnostic role of bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis (BALL) in patients with suspected hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Our study aim was to determine the spectrum of BALL findings with elimination of incorporation bias and assess correlates of positive BALL cut-off and BALL association with long-term outcomes in those with fibrotic disease (f-HP).Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was pursued of patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy for interstitial lung disease. Strict study enrollment was based on recent ATS/JRS/ALAT diagnostic guidance meeting ‘moderate’ or higher diagnostic confidence. BALL findings were assessed in both fibrotic and non-fibrotic HP patients with regression and survival analysis pursued for correlates of positive BALL cut-off and long-term outcome. Results: A total of 148 patients (88 fibrotic and 60 non-fibrotic) meeting moderate or higher diagnostic confidence were included. Median BALL in f-HP was 15% compared to 19% in non-fibrotic patients, with only 28% of f-HP meeting diagnostic cut-off (≥ 30%) compared to 41% of non-fibrotic. For f-HP, centrilobular nodules on computed tomography was positively correlated with a diagnostic BALL (OR 4.07; p = 0.018) while honeycombing was negatively correlated (OR 6.9 x e-8; p = 0.001). Higher BALL was also associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.98; p = 0.015). Conclusion: With elimination of incorporation bias, most patients with well-described HP did not meet diagnostic BALL thresholds. Higher BALL was associated with better long-term survival in those with fibrosis, but its diagnostic role may be more additive than characteristic or distinguishing.
Stimulation Calculation of Desulfurization Mechanisms Dominated by Free Radicals Reactions During Pyrolysis of Thiophenes Under Water Vapor Atmosphere
Authors: Cheng Ya , Chen Jianping , Guo Huiqing , Lei Yanqiu , Liu Fenrong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The desulfurization mechanisms of thiophene and 2-methyl thiophene were investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) during pyrolysis under water vapor atmosphere. All possible reaction pathways of these desulfurization mechanisms were explored at M06-2X/6-311g (d) level. The Multwfn3.0 and VMD1.9.2 programs were used to analyze weak interactions between thiophene compounds and H2O molecule. It can be seen that hydrogen bonds can be formed in the reactions of thiophene sulfurs and H2O. Since H2O molecule can decompose at higher temperature and generate free radicals, such as·H and·OH,, the desulfurization mechanisms of thiophene and 2-methyl thiophene with free radicals need to be further considered. The reaction energy barriers (∆G≠) and reaction energies (∆GP) of thiophene and 2-methyl thiophene with H2O molecule (g) or free radicals (·H and·OH) have been stimulated and calculated in detail. Based on the transition state theory (TST), the rate constants corresponding to these elementary reactions are also calculated, meanwhile the speed and spontaneity of every reaction can be obtained from the aspect of kinetics. Theoretically, it is found that H2O (g) directly attacking C-S bonds of thiophene and 2-methyl thiophene cannot easily generate COS and H2S even at 1200 K in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics. If the desulfurization mechanisms of thiophenes are investigated by free radicals mechanisms under steam atmosphere, their initial energy barriers needing to be overcome significantly reduce. Therefore, desulfurization mechanisms of thiophenes and H2O (g) are the most possibly dominated by radical reactions at higher temperatures and H2S is mainly generated.
Deep Meta Tool: GUI tool to obtain Mean and Standard Deviation (SD) from Median and Interquartile range (IQR)
Authors: Sharma Deepanshu , Ulaganathan Surya Priya , Sharma Vinay , Piplani Sakshi , Niraj Ravi Ranjan Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and objectivesMeta-analysis is a statistical procedure which enables the researcher to integrate the results of various studies that were conducted for the same purpose. However, more often than not, researchers find themselves in a position unable to proceed further due to the complexity of the mathematics involved and unavailability of raw data. To alleviate the said difficulty, we are presenting a tool that will enable researchers to process raw data.MethodsThe GUI tool is written in python. The tool offers an automated conversion and obtainment of mean and standard deviation (SD) from median and interquartile range, utilizing the methods offered by Hozo et al. 2005 and Bland 2015.ResultsThe tool is tested on some sample data and validation is performed for Bland method on the data provided in the Bland method publication (14).ConclusionsThe provided tool is an easy alternative for the preparation of input data required for clinical meta-analysis in the required format.