bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivating unrewarded task performance: The dual effects of incentives and an organisational value statement in a discretionary task setting
Authors: Akinyele Kazeem O. , Arnold Vicky , Sutton Steve G. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine how the presence of a value statement (an informal control) alters the effect of differing financial incentives (a formal control) in an environment consisting of both rewarded and unrewarded tasks. Results show that under fixed pay, the presence of a value statement motivates performance on important but unrewarded discretionary tasks. Conversely, under piece‐rate compensation, value statements negatively influence performance on unrewarded discretionary tasks. In contemporary work environments, where such discretionary tasks are common and important to organisational effectiveness, these results suggest that informal controls can have an important role in performance outcomes.
Circadian gene × environment perturbations influence alcohol drinking in Cryptochrome‐deficient mice
Authors: Hühne Anisja , Echtler Lisa , Kling Charlotte , Stephan Marius , Schmidt Mathias V. , Rossner Moritz J. , Landgraf Dominic 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread addiction disorder with severe consequences for health. AUD patients often suffer from sleep disturbances and irregular daily patterns. Conversely, disruptions of circadian rhythms are considered a risk factor for AUD and alcohol relapses. In this study, we investigated the extent to which circadian genetic and environmental disruptions and their interaction alter alcohol drinking behaviour in mice. As a model of genetic circadian disruption, we used Cryptochrome1/2‐deficient (Cry1/2−/−) mice with strongly suppressed circadian rhythms and found that they exhibit significantly reduced preference for alcohol but increased incentive motivation to obtain it. Similarly, we found that low circadian SCN amplitude correlates with reduced alcohol preference in WT mice. Moreover, we show that the low alcohol preference of Cry1/2−/− mice concurs with high corticosterone and low levels of the orexin precursor prepro‐orexin and that WT and Cry1/2−/− mice respond differently to alcohol withdrawal. As a model of environmentally induced disruption of circadian rhythms, we exposed mice to a “shift work” light/dark regimen, which also leads to a reduction in their alcohol preference. Interestingly, this effect is even more pronounced when genetic and environmental circadian perturbations interact in Cry1/2−/− mice under “shift work” conditions. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that in mice, disturbances in circadian rhythms have pronounced effects on alcohol consumption as well as on physiological factors and other behaviours associated with AUD and that the interaction between circadian genetic and environmental disturbances further alters alcohol consumption behaviour.
Stress and autonomic nerve dysfunction monitoring in perioperative gastric cancer patients using a smart device
Authors: Cheng Wei , Liu Jiang , Zhi Mengwei , Shen Danli , Shao Mingyue , Zhang Cheng , Wang Gang , Jiang Zhiwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHeart rate variability (HRV), a sensitive marker of stress and autonomic nervous disorders, was significantly decreased in cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and surgical injury. However, the effect of radical gastrectomy on HRV parameters needs to be further investigated.MethodsA prospective, observational study including 45 consecutive enrolled patients undergoing radical gastrectomy in our enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs was conducted. Frequency‐ and time‐domain parameters of HRV from 1 day prior to operation to 4 days postoperatively were continuously measured. Meanwhile, plasma cortisol and inflammatory markers were recorded and correlated to HRV parameters.ResultsHeart rate variability showed a solidly circadian rhythm. Anesthesia severely disturbed HRV parameters, resulting in a reduction of most of the HRV parameters. Frequency‐domain parameter (including VLF) and time‐domain parameters (including the SDNN, SDANN, and triangular index) of HRV demonstrated a significant reduction compared to preoperative values on the postoperative day 1 (Pod1), and these HRV parameters could return to baseline on Pod2 or Pod3, indicating surgical stress and autonomic nerve dysfunction existed in the early postoperative period. Inflammatory biomarkers were significantly elevated on Pod1 and Pod3. Plasma cortisol decreased significantly on Pod1 and Pod3. Both inflammatory biomarkers and plasma cortisol had no significant correlation with HRV parameters.ConclusionsCompared with plasma cortisol and inflammation biomarkers, HRV is more sensitive to detect surgical stress and autonomic nervous dysfunction induced by radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.
The effects of gratitude and kindness on life satisfaction, positive emotions, negative emotions, and COVID‐19 anxiety: An online pilot experimental study
Authors: Datu Jesus Alfonso D. , Valdez Jana Patricia M. , McInerney Dennis M. , Cayubit Ryan Francis 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe continuous surge in the number of confirmed diagnoses and fatalities associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has caused debilitating economic, educational, social, and psychological issues. However, little is known about how psychological interventions may boost well‐being outcomes amid the pandemic. This research addresses this gap by examining the effects of gratitude and kindness interventions on life satisfaction, positive emotions, negative emotions, and COVID‐19 anxiety via an online pilot experimental study. A 3‐week online pilot experiment was implemented among 107 Filipino undergraduate students (M = 20.27;SD = 1.10). These participants were randomly assigned to kindness (n = 37), gratitude (n = 32), and control (n = 38) conditions. The results showed that there were significant differences on positive emotions when controlling for the baseline well‐being, gratitude, and kindness scores across all conditions (i.e., gratitude, kindness, and control). Participants assigned in the gratitude and kindness conditions had significantly higher scores on positive emotions than those in the control condition. The findings point to the emotional benefits associated with promoting gratitude and kindness during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This research contributes to scarce literature on the applicability of well‐being interventions in non‐Western cultural contexts.
Company‐sponsored egg freezing: an offer you can't refuse?
Authors: Petersen Thomas Søbirk , Hansen Rune 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aim of this article is to argue that one of the central arguments against company‐sponsored non‐medical egg freezing, namely that this practice is contrary to the reproductive autonomy of women, can be difficult to sustain under certain conditions. More specifically, we argue that company‐sponsored egg freezing is not necessarily in conflict with the most common requirements for autonomous choice. That is, there is no reason to assume that employees cannot be adequately informed beforehand about what is scientifically known about the practice, and/or that they lack the required capacity to understand and process this information. Although they may feel a certain pressure to comply with the wishes of their employer, this concern can plausibly be alleviated through privacy regulations. In any event, such pressure is arguably not stronger than or relevantly different from other types of pressure on the labour market that most people readily accept as being ethically acceptable. Finally, we argue that company‐sponsored non‐medical egg freezing may mitigate certain types of oppressive socialization, although it may well perpetuate others, and should in any case arguably be dealt with through guidelines and counselling, which would ensure that women make autonomous choices when companies offer egg freezing.
Freedom of choice and the tobacco endgame
Authors: Schmidt Andreas T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEndgame proposals strive for a tobacco‐free (or at least cigarette‐free) society. Some endgame proposals are radical and include, for example, a complete ban on cigarettes. Setting aside empirical worries, one worry is ethical: would such proposals not go too far in interfering with individual freedom? I argue that concerns around freedom do not speak against endgame proposals, including strong proposals such as a ban on cigarettes. I first argue that when balancing freedom with public health goals in tobacco control, the latter win out. But I also argue that, in principle, a concern with freedom itself already justifies endgame measures. First, such measures can increase people's lifetime freedom, that is, the freedom they have across their entire lives. Second, such measures can facilitate a better interpersonal distribution of freedom by increasing aggregate societal freedom and by reducing inequalities. Overall, freedom does not preclude strict tobacco control but supports it.
Teachers use of fear appeals: Association with student and teacher mental health
Authors: Belcher Jessica , Wuthrich Viviana M. , Lowe Catherine 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundFear appeals are discourses commonly used by teachers to motivate students especially when academic outcomes are paramount. Fear appeals have been associated with better and worse academic performance by the student recipients, with some evidence that fear appeals are detrimental for students who are anxious and have lower self‐efficacy. Little is known about the factors that drive teachers’ use of fear appeals beyond a desire to increase motivation to excel.AimsThis study examined the relationship between the use of fear appeals, psychological distress, and self‐efficacy in both teachers and students.SampleParticipants were 377 students (81% female, age range 15 to 18, M = 16.68, SD = 0.49) and 96 teachers (73% female, Mean years teaching = 18.04, SD = 12.39).MethodsParticipants completed surveys mid‐way through the first school term of their final year of high school. Student surveys examined student anxiety, depression, stress, self‐efficacy, and experience of teacher fear appeals. Teacher surveys examined teacher anxiety, depression, stress, emotional burnout, self‐efficacy, years of teaching, and use of fear appeals.ResultsTeachers use of fear appeals was associated with student distress which was heightened for students with lower academic self‐efficacy. Similarly, teachers’ use of fear appeals was associated with higher anxiety and lower self‐efficacy in teachers themselves.ConclusionsTherefore, the use and consequence of fear appeals is strongly linked to both student and teacher self‐efficacy and distress. Given the detrimental impacts of fear appeals on academic performance in vulnerable students, more research is needed on the consequences of fear appeals.
Integrating germline variant assessment into routine clinical practice for myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia: current strategies and challenges
Authors: Tawana Kiran , Brown Anna L. , Churpek Jane E. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryOver the last decade, the field of hereditary haematological malignancy syndromes (HHMSs) has gained increasing recognition among clinicians and scientists worldwide. Germline mutations now account for almost 10% of adult and paediatric myelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukaemia (MDS/AML). As our ability to diagnose HHMSs has improved, we are now faced with the challenges of integrating these advances into routine clinical practice for patients with MDS/AML and how to optimise management and surveillance of patients and asymptomatic carriers. Discoveries of novel syndromes combined with clinical, genetic and epigenetic profiling of tumour samples, have highlighted unique patterns of disease evolution across HHMSs. Despite these advances, causative lesions are detected in less than half of familial cases and evidence‐based guidelines are often lacking, suggesting there is much still to learn. Future research efforts are needed to sustain current momentum within the field, led not only by advancing genetic technology but essential collaboration between clinical and academic communities.
Toward complementarity: Specificity and commonality in social‐emotional development
Authors: Malti Tina , Cheah Charissa S. L. ,   Special Section Editors, Specificity and Commonality: Sociocultural Generalizability in Social‐Emotional Development
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhat are the roles of specificity and commonality in social‐emotional development? We begin by highlighting the conceptual context for this timely and timeless question and explain how responses to it can inform novel lines of theoretical and empirical inquiry, as well as sociocultural generalizability. Next, we describe how the selection of papers included in this special section contributes to our understanding of specificity and commonality in social‐emotional development. We then explain how applying the complementarity principle to social‐emotional development can inform a future research agenda in this domain. Lastly, we discuss how specificity and commonality fundamentally impact the way we conceptualize and implement interventions aimed at nurturing social‐emotional development in every child.
Adult outcomes of sustained high‐quality early child care and education: Do they vary by family income?
Authors: Bustamante Andres S. , Dearing Eric , Zachrisson Henrik Daae , Vandell Deborah Lowe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractExperimental research demonstrates sustained high‐quality early care and education (ECE) can mitigate the consequences of poverty into adulthood. However, the long‐term effects of community‐based ECE are less known. Using the 1991 NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (n = 994; 49.7% female; 73.6% White, 10.6% African American, 5.6% Latino, 10.2% Other), results show that ECE was associated with reduced disparities between low‐ and higher‐income children's educational attainment and wages at age 26. Disparities in college graduation were reduced the more months that low‐income children spent in ECE (d = .19). For wages, disparities were reduced when children from low‐income families attended sustained high‐quality ECE (d = .19). Findings suggest that community‐based ECE is linked to meaningful educational and life outcomes, and sustained high‐quality ECE is particularly important for children from lower‐income backgrounds.
Copy number variations in a Brazilian cohort with autism spectrum disorders highlight the contribution of cell adhesion genes
Authors: Costa Claudia Ismania Samogy , da Silva Montenegro Eduarda Morgana , Zarrei Mehdi , de Sá Moreira Eloísa , Silva Isabela Maya Wahys , de Oliveira Scliar Marília , Wang Jaqueline Yu Ting , Zachi Elaine Cristina , Branco Elisa Varella , da Costa Silvia Souza , Lourenço Naila Cristina Vilaça , Vianna‐Morgante Angela Maria , Rosenberg Carla , Krepischi Ana Cristina Victorino , Scherer Stephen W. , Passos‐Bueno Maria Rita 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrediction of pathogenicity of rare copy number variations (CNVs), a genomic alteration known to contribute to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), represents a serious limitation to interpreting genetic tests, particularly for genetic counseling purposes. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) was conducted in a unique collection of 144 Brazilian individuals with ASD of strong European and African ancestries. Rare CNVs were detected in 39 patients: 41 of unknown significance (VUS), four pathogenic and one likely pathogenic CNVs (clinical yield of 4.1%; 5/122). Based on gene content and recurrence in three large cohorts [a Brazilian neurodevelopmental disorder cohort, the autism MSSNG cohort, and the Canadian‐based Centre for Applied Genomics microarray database], this work strengthened the pathogenicity of 14 genes (FAT1, CAMK4, BIRC6, DPP6, CSMD1, CTNNA3, CDH8/CDH11, CDH13, OR1C1, CNTN6, CNTNAP4, FGF2 and PTPRN2) within 14 CNVs. Notably, enrichment of cell adhesion proteins to ASD etiology was identified (p < 0.05), highlighting the importance of these gene families in the etiology of ASD.
Effect of cold storage on the pupal development of two pollinators, Eristalinus aeneus and Eristalis tenax
Authors: Campoy Andrés , Egea‐Casas Olga , Pérez‐Bañón Celeste , Rojo Santos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEristalinus aeneus (Scopoli) and Eristalis tenax (L.) (Diptera: Syrphidae, Eristalini) are important pollinator species that can be artificially reared and commercialised. To achieve better control over the pupal development time and adult emergence, cold storage techniques are suitable tools. Insects were reared under controlled conditions: 25 ± 1 °C, 50% r.h., and L12:D12 photoperiod. Pupae of both species were stored at 5 °C at the beginning (early treatments) or at the end (late treatments) of their development for various periods of time (5, 10, 15, 20, or 30 days). Development stopped completely at 5 °C in both treatments, but in general, pupae stored at the beginning of the pupal stage provided better results in terms of survival (adult emergence) and quality of the adults (general morphology). The cold tolerance of E. tenax was lower than that of E. aeneus, with their pupal developmental time successfully extended up to 18 and 23 days, respectively, without compromising survival and morphology. The number and types of morphological alterations due to cold storage were recorded.
Remoteness does not enhance coral reef resilience
Authors: Baumann Justin H. , Zhao Lily Z. , Stier Adrian C. , Bruno John F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRemote coral reefs are thought to be more resilient to climate change due to their isolation from local stressors like fishing and pollution. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the relationship between local human influence and coral community resilience. Surprisingly, we found no relationship between human influence and resistance to disturbance and some evidence that areas with greater human development may recover from disturbance faster than their more isolated counterparts. Our results suggest remote coral reefs are imperiled by climate change, like so many other geographically isolated ecosystems, and are unlikely to serve as effective biodiversity arks. Only drastic and rapid cuts in greenhouse gas emissions will ensure coral survival. Our results also indicate that some reefs close to large human populations were relatively resilient. Focusing research and conservation resources on these more accessible locations has the potential to provide new insights and maximize conservation outcomes.
Does microwave disinfection affect the dimensional stability of denture base acrylic resins? A systematic review
Authors: da Costa Rodrigo Moreira Bringel , Venante Helena Sandrini , Pordeus Mariana Domingues , Chappuis‐Chocano Ana Paula , Neppelenbroek Karin Hermana , Santiago Júnior Joel Ferreira , Porto Vinicius Carvalho 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effect of microwave disinfection on the dimensional stability of denture base acrylic resins.BackgroundMicrowave disinfection has been considered as an alternative method for disinfecting complete dentures to help prevent and treat denture stomatitis. However, data on the impact of microwave disinfection on the dimensional stability of acrylic resins are still scarce.MethodsThe PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS and EMBASE databases were searched in order to assess articles published in English up to January 2021 (CRD42021212267). We included studies that have assessed the effect of microwave disinfection, on the dimensional stability of acrylic resins, comparing them with negative or positive controls.ResultsA total of seven in vitro studies were included. The qualitative synthesis demonstrated that, in general, microwave disinfection produced more distortion on the materials than do immersion in sodium hypochlorite, chloride solution, chlorhexidine, and water immersion. However, considering the dimensional stability of the specimens, microwave disinfection at 500 W for 3 minutes, and at 450 W for 5 minutes, produced similar or better outcomes than did control groups.ConclusionIn general, microwave disinfection promotes changes in the dimensional stability of denture base acrylic resins, and should thus be used with caution. However, microwave disinfection protocols at lower power settings (500 and 450 W) and exposure times (3 and 5 minutes) produces similar or less distortion than chemical disinfection. More studies are still required in order to evaluate the clinical and long‐term implications of microwave disinfection.
Think eco, be eco? The tension between attitudes and behaviours of millennial fashion consumers
Authors: Cairns Hannah May , Ritch Elaine L. , Bereziat Claire 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis research examines the tensions experienced by millennials between their desire to purchase fast‐fashion and their growing concern for sustainability. The ethical and sustainable consumption literature has long recognised this misalignment of value, often referred to as an attitude‐behaviour gap. While previous research has explored the reasons behind the attitude‐behaviour gap and the rationales constructed by consumers to alleviate any associated tensions between mismatched values, this has not been framed within Festinger's Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, particularly for fashion acquisition. This seems somewhat remiss, especially given that Festinger's Theory of Cognitive Dissonance has been successfully applied in other consumption contexts and has offered commercial and social marketing opportunities for marketing activity development. The research utilises Festinger's Theory of Cognitive Dissonance on qualitative data collected from 38 millennial participants living in Scotland. Adopting an interpretive approach, a semi‐structured interview template was administered online and data were analysed thematically, revealing that an infusion of eco‐fashion awareness was filtering into millennials' consciousness. While the millennials reported feelings of cognitive dissonance when purchasing fast‐fashion such as ‘irritation’ and ‘guilt’, unlike previous research, here they did not attempt to justify their behaviour in order to resolve their feelings of dissonance. Rather, the participants perceived this as an opportunity to reaffirm their preferences for sustainability for future consumption practice. Limitations include the small sample; nevertheless, the data contribute to the overall understanding of millennial eco‐fashion consumption, the attitude‐behaviour gap and the occurrence and resolutions of cognitive dissonance.
Effect of an exogenous strigolactone GR24 on the antioxidant capacity and quality deterioration in postharvest sweet orange fruit stored at ambient temperature
Authors: Ma Qiaoli , Lin Xiong , Zhan Minxuan , Chen Zhaoxing , Wang Hegui , Yao Fengxian , Chen Jinyin 
Published: October 2021

SummaryQuality deterioration and senescence are the main causes of loss of fruit postharvest. Here, the effects of 200 μmol L−1 strigolactone GR24 on the physicochemical characters, organoleptic quality, and antioxidant capacity of postharvest orange fruit were studied. GR24 increased fruit firmness (9.2%), citrus color index (22.34%), titratable acidity (11.7%), total soluble solid (13.13%), and soluble sugar content (8.17%) irrespective of the rates of weight loss (1.22%) and respiration (24.13%), indicating an improvement in organoleptic quality. GR24 also decreased the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (30.08%) and malondialdehyde (27.59%), but increased the levels of antioxidants (ascorbate, glutathione, and total phenol) and enzyme activities (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase), indicating an enhancement in antioxidant capacity. Moreover, GR24 delayed fruit senescence process by stimulating the boost of the antioxidant system during 0–63 days and delaying the quality deterioration at 77–91 days.