bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of methods to increase the efficiency of railway maintenance
Authors: Patlasov Oleksandr , Fedorenko Yelyzaveta , Shulha Denys 
Published: May 2021

Object of research: technology of track maintenance optimization
Solved problem: In the development of decisions to optimize the decision-making system in the content of the upper structure of the track used methods of control theory, systems analysis, methodology of optimal control.
Main scientific results: An analysis of the degrees of research on improving the efficiency of the technical management of railways showed that there was no systematic approach and that existing developments in the organization, in particular the relative optimization, Separate track repair standards or take into account parameter models, process requirements and conditions.
Area of practical use of research results: industrial enterprises, railway stations.
Providing the stable support of the railway, sustainable and rhythmic operation of railway traffic is ensured. About 7.3 thousand km are exploited in the ferrous metallurgy of Ukraine. More than 70 % of routes are up to 500 km long and belong to a large company. Consequently, an important task is to maintain the technical state of railways at the production demands level.
Innovative technological product: combined transportations that can interact with similar networks of foreign countries.
Scope of application of innovative technological product: formation and effective functioning of railway-transport complex, improvement of tariff policy, substantiation of perspective parameters of transportation process and its technical means, creation of advanced technologies, choice of rational structure of transport network, formation of transport corridors, development of fundamentally new management systems.
Kehampaan (Nothingness): Sebuah Jalan Interspiritualitas
Authors: Haryono Stefanus Christian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract This article discusses a concept of nothingness from two perspectives: west and east. The western perspective is represented by Dionysius the Areopagite and Meister Eckhart, and the eastern perspective is represented by Ibn ‘Arabi, Sankara, and Nitisani Keiji. The intersection of these perspectives is a theological quest of nothingness as an interspirituality path for a pluralistic society.
Abstrak Artikel ini mendiskusikan konsep kehampaan (nothingness) dari dua perspektif, yaitu Barat dan Timur. Perspektif Barat diwakili oleh Dionisius Areopagus dan Meister Eckhart, dan perspektif Timur diwakili oleh Sankara, Ibnu ‘Arabi, dan Nitisani Keiji. Perjumpaan keduaperspektif tersebut adalah upaya pencarian teologis tentang kehampaan (nothingness) sebagai jalan interspiritualitas bagi masyarakat plural.
Pemanfaatan Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa paradisiaca ) dalam Pembuatan Bolu Kukus
Authors: Pangestika Aprilia Indah , Srimiati Mia 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the substitution effect of banana peel flour based on the proximate tests (water content, ash, carbohydrate, protein, fat and fiber). This experimental study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to find out the best quality of banana skin flour with the substitution level of kepok banana peel as a treatment. There were 4 treatments, F1 (45%), F2 (50%), F3 (55%) and F0 (without kepok banana peel flour). Based on the results of statistical tests using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, substitution of kepok banana peel flour has a significant effect (p 0.05) on the organoleptic properties. Steamed sponge cake substituted with 50% kepok banana peel flour (F2) was the formula with the highest acceptability compared to other formulas. Formula F2 (50%) showed the water content of 31,60%, ash level 2,78%, fat 5,97%, protein 10,97%, fiber 1,91%, and carbohydrate 48,68%. Kepok banana peel flour can be used as an alternative to diversification of food and increase the nutritional value of steamed sponge cake. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh substitusi tepung kulit pisang kepok berdasarkan uji proksimat (kadar air, abu, karbohidrat, protein, lemak dan serat). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk mengetahui kualitas tepung kulit pisang terbaik dengan tingkat subsitusi tepung kulit pisang kepok sebagai perlakuan, yaitu F1 (45%), F2 (50%), F3 (55%) dan F0 (tanpa tepung kulit pisang kepok). Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, substitusi tepung kulit pisang kepok berpengaruh signifikan (P0,05) terhadap hasil organoleptik produk. Bolu kukus yang disubstitusi tepung kulit pisang kepok sebanyak 50% (F2) merupakan formula dengan daya terima paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan formula lain. Formula F2 (50%) memiliki kadar air 31,60%, abu 2,78%, lemak 5,97%, protein 10,97%, serat 1,91%, karbohidrat 48,68%. Tepung kulit pisang kepok dapat dijadikan alternatif sebagai diversifikasi pangan dan meningkatkan nilai gizi pada bolu kukus.
Asupan Kalsium dan Fosfor Berkaitan dengan Karies Gigi pada Anak Sekolah
Authors: Damayanti Amilia Yuni , Darni Joyeti , Octavia Ruskiah 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship between calcium and phosphorus intake with dental caries of school children. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, with a total sample of 96 subjects. This research was conducted in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurussalam, Ngawi starting from April - May 2019. Data on dental caries status (DMF-T index) was obtained by dental examination by a dentist. Data on calcium and phosphorus intake were obtained by direct interviews regarding the amount and type of intake using the Semi-Quantitative Food frequency Quesionaire (SQFFQ) form and the 24 hour food recall form. Calcium and phosphorus data were processed using Nutrisurvey software and the Indonesian Food Composition Table (TKPI). Chi-square statistical tests were used to analyze the relationship between calcium and phosphorus intake and dental caries. The majority of MI students who experience caries are aged 10 and 11 years. Calcium and phosphorus intake of subjects was classified as inadequate (77,1% and 59,4%). There was a significant relationship between calcium intake with dental caries p = 0,031 (0,05) and phosphorus intake with dental caries p = 0,029 (0,05). Adequate intake of calcium and phosphorus can reduce the risk of dental caries in children. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan kalsium dan fosfor dengan karies gigi anak sekolah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, dengan jumlah sample sebanyak 96 subjek. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurussalam, Ngawi mulai dari bulan April - Mei 2019. Data status karies gigi (indeks DMF-T) diperoleh dengan melakukan pemeriksaan gigi oleh dokter gigi. Data asupan kalsium dan fosfor diperoleh dengan wawancara langsung mengenai jumlah dan jenis asupan menggunakan form Semi-Quantitative Food frequency Quesionaire (SQFFQ) dan form food recall 24 hours. Data kalsium dan fosfor diolah menggunakan software Nutrisurvey dan Tabel Komposisi Pangan Indonesia (TKPI). Uji statistik Chi-square digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan anatar asupan kalsium dan fosfor dengan karies gigi. Mayoritas Siswa MI yang mengalami karies adalah usia 10 dan 11 tahun. Asupan kalsium dan fosfor subjek masih tergolong kurang (77,1% dan 59,4%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan kalsium dengan karies gigi p=0,031 (0,05) dan asupan fosfor dengan karies gigi p=0,029 (0,05). Asupan kalsium dan fosfor yang cukup dapat menurunkan resiko karies gigi pada anak.
Intracranial Cerebrospinal Fluid Volume Evaluation in Healthy People and Hydrocephalus Patients using SPACE Sequence
Authors: Wu Xiaofeng , Richard Seidu A. , Xiangdong Xu , Lirong Zhang , Min Wu 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) is produced mainly by the choroid plexus but
with a substantial influence by the ependymal lining of the ventricles in the brain. Hydrocephalus
occurs as a result of discrepancy in the production as well as circulation of CSF as a result of congenital
and acquired conditions. Nevertheless, studies on the differences between CSF dynamics according
to age and gender are still insufficient. Thus, this study evaluated the volume of intracranial
CSF in healthy people and hydrocephalus patients taking into account the differences between
CSF dynamics according to age and gender using Sampling Perfection with Application optimised
Contrast using different flip-angle Evolution (SPACE) sequence.

Methods:
120 healthy volunteers and 60 patients with hydrocephalus were included in this study.
SPACE sequence was used to evaluate intracranial CSF with a 3.0T magnetic resonance machine.
The total volume of intracranial CSF and the amount of CSF in the ventricle were obtained using a
software, and the volume ratio of CSF in the subarachnoid space, the ventricle and the subarachnoid
space were calculated.

Results:
The mean volume of intracranial CSF, ventricular CSF, and subarachnoid CSF of male
volunteers were (206.9±47.7) cm3, (33.0±10.7) cm3, (173.9±37.9) cm3 respectively. The average
volume of intracranial CSF, ventricular CSF, and subarachnoid CSF of female volunteers were
(199.7±44.9) cm3, (30.8±9.4) cm3, and (168.9±37.0) cm3, respectively. Thus, no significant statistically
(P>0.05) difference between males and females was found. (3) The mean values of intracranial
CSF, ventricle CSF and subarachnoid CSF, ventricle and subarachnoid CSF volume ratio in patients
with hydrocephalus were significantly greater than health volunteers. Thus, the difference between
the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
SPACE sequence can quantitatively determine the content of CSF. The change of
CSF volume has nothing to do with gender but with age. It is feasible to use SPACE sequence to
evaluate the spatial distribution and volume of intracranial CSF.
Factors That Help and Hinder the Implementation of Digital Depression Prevention Programs: School-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Beames Joanne R , Johnston Lara , O'Dea Bridianne , Torok Michelle , Christensen Helen , Boydell Katherine M , Werner-Seidler Aliza 
Published: May 2021

Background
Digital prevention programs that are delivered in a school environment can inoculate young people against depression. However, little is known about the school-based factors that help and hinder the implementation of these programs. Staff members are integral for supporting mental health programs in schools and are likely to have a wealth of expertise and knowledge about the factors that affect implementation.

Objective
The primary objective of this study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to implementing a digital depression prevention program in Australian secondary schools with teachers, counselors, and principals. The secondary objective was to explore variations in these factors across different school contexts, including the school type (government or nongovernment), location (capital city, regional/or rural areas), and socioeconomic status (SES) (low, medium, high).

Methods
This quantitative cross-sectional survey study assessed the barriers and facilitators to implementing a hypothetical digital prevention program in Australian schools. The survey was taken by 97 teachers (average age 38.3 years), 93 counselors (average age 39.5 years), and 11 principals (average age 50.9 years) across Australia between November 2017 and July 2018.

Results
A range of barriers and facilitators relating to logistics and resources, staff support, and program factors were endorsed by the surveyed staff. Consistent with prior research, common barriers included a lack of time and resources (ie, staff and rooms). These barriers were particularly evident in government, rural/regional, and low socioeconomic schools. Other barriers were specific to digital delivery, including privacy issues and a lack of clarity around staff roles and responsibilities. Facilitators included upskilling staff through training, embedding the program into the curriculum, and other program factors including universal delivery, screening of students’ mental health, and clear referral pathways. Knowledge about the program efficacy was also perceived as important by a large proportion of the respondents.

Conclusions
The digital depression prevention program was perceived as suitable for use within different schools in Australia, although certain factors need to be considered to enable effective implementation. Logistics and resources, support, and program factors were identified as particularly important for school-based implementation. To maximize the effectiveness in delivering digital programs, implementation may need to be tailored to the staff roles and school types.
Artificial Intelligence–Based Prediction of Lung Cancer Risk Using Nonimaging Electronic Medical Records: Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Yeh Marvin Chia-Han , Wang Yu-Hsiang , Yang Hsuan-Chia , Bai Kuan-Jen , Wang Hsiao-Han , Li Yu-Chuan Jack 
Published: May 2021

Background
Artificial intelligence approaches can integrate complex features and can be used to predict a patient’s risk of developing lung cancer, thereby decreasing the need for unnecessary and expensive diagnostic interventions.

Objective
The aim of this study was to use electronic medical records to prescreen patients who are at risk of developing lung cancer.

Methods
We randomly selected 2 million participants from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database who received care between 1999 and 2013. We built a predictive lung cancer screening model with neural networks that were trained and validated using pre-2012 data, and we tested the model prospectively on post-2012 data. An age- and gender-matched subgroup that was 10 times larger than the original lung cancer group was used to assess the predictive power of the electronic medical record. Discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]) and calibration analyses were performed.

Results
The analysis included 11,617 patients with lung cancer and 1,423,154 control patients. The model achieved AUCs of 0.90 for the overall population and 0.87 in patients ≥55 years of age. The AUC in the matched subgroup was 0.82. The positive predictive value was highest (14.3%) among people aged ≥55 years with a pre-existing history of lung disease.

Conclusions
Our model achieved excellent performance in predicting lung cancer within 1 year and has potential to be deployed for digital patient screening. Convolution neural networks facilitate the effective use of EMRs to identify individuals at high risk for developing lung cancer.
Lyt til borgerne – hvis I vil lykkes på tværs
Authors: Digmann Annemette 
Published: May 2021

Ledelse og samarbejde på tværs af fag, afdelinger og sektorgrænser er kommet for at blive. Oftere og oftere oplever borgere, at de kommer i klemme mellem systemer, der ikke er i stand til at arbejde på tværs. For at blive klogere på vanskelighederne og hvordan de kan overkommes, har jeg fulgt adskillige ’på tværs’ samarbejder gennem en årrække. Denne artikel bygger på, at jeg gennem en længere periode har fulgt Psykiatriens Hus i Aarhus, der er et tilbud, der forsøger at bygge bro mellem den regionale behandlingspsykiatri og socialpsykiatrien i kommunen.

Artiklen begynder med en beskrivelse af den aktionslæring, der foregik i samarbejde med ledelsen i 2019 og slutter med den analyse som aktionsforskningen bidrog med i løbet af 2020. Artiklen beskriver hvordan ledelsen i Psykiatriens Hus forsøger at omsætte den viden, der findes om ledelse på tværs, til praktiske handlinger. En hovedkonklusion er, at det lykkes at samarbejde på tværs, når man tager udgangspunkt i borgerperspektivet.
Digitaliseringens frontløbere i værdiskabelse: Autentiske aktører og digitale agenter
Authors: Pedersen Mogens Kuhn 
Published: May 2021

Alle brugere af digitale medier bevæger sig i informationssamfundet, hvor der er nye muligheder og spilleregler for værdiskabelse sammenholdt med de kendte fra den analoge verden. Artiklen belyser:

Digitale agenter fremkommet igennem det seneste årti er de nye “indbyggere” i informationssamfundet. De har ikke direkte reference til autentiske personer. Hvordan kan vi forstå deres betydning for såvel analog som digital kommunikation og sociale relationer? (Afsnit A)

Hvilken form for værdiskabelse er knyttet til de digitale agenter og agens? (Afsnit B)

Hvilke værdiskabende muligheder og konsekvenser indebærer digital agens: Eksempler (Afsnit C)

Hvilke er de socio-økonomiske udviklingsmuligheder med digital agens? (Afsnit D)

Hvilke regulatoriske udfordringer stiller de digitale agens til virksomheder og til samfundet? (Afsnit E)

I artiklen behandles disse spørgsmål ud fra samfundsvidenskabelige teorier om digitalisering, værdiskabelse og regulering.
Land Cover of Early-Life Environment Modulates the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Nurminen Noora , Cerrone Damiano , Lehtonen Jussi , Parajuli Anirudra , Roslund Marja , Lönnrot Maria , Ilonen Jorma , Toppari Jorma , Veijola Riitta , Knip Mikael , Rajaniemi Juho , Laitinen Olli H. , Sinkkonen Aki , Hyöty Heikki 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
Environmental microbial exposures have been implicated to protect against immune-mediated diseases such as type 1 diabetes. Our objective was to study the association of land cover around the early-life dwelling with the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes to evaluate the role of environmental microbial biodiversity in the pathogenesis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Association between land cover types and the future risk of type 1 diabetes was studied by analyzing land cover types classified according to Coordination of Information on the Environment (CORINE) 2012 and 2000 data around the dwelling during the first year of life for 10,681 children genotyped for disease-associated HLA-DQ alleles and monitored from birth in the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study. Land cover was compared between children who developed type 1 diabetes (n = 271) or multiple diabetes-associated islet autoantibodies (n = 384) and children without diabetes who are negative for diabetes autoantibodies.

RESULTS
Agricultural land cover around the home was inversely associated with diabetes risk (odds ratio 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.87, P = 0.02 within a distance of 1,500 m). The association was observed among children with the high-risk HLA genotype and among those living in the southernmost study region. Snow cover on the ground seemed to block the transfer of the microbial community indoors, leading to reduced bacterial richness and diversity indoors, which might explain the regional difference in the association. In survival models, an agricultural environment was associated with a decreased risk of multiple islet autoantibodies (hazard ratio [HR] 1.60, P = 0.008) and a decreased risk of progression from single to multiple autoantibody positivity (HR 2.07, P = 0.001) compared with an urban environment known to have lower environmental microbial diversity.

CONCLUSIONS
The study suggests that exposure to an agricultural environment (comprising nonirrigated arable land, fruit trees and berry plantations, pastures, natural pastures, land principally occupied by agriculture with significant areas of natural vegetation, and agroforestry areas) early in life is inversely associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes. This association may be mediated by early exposure to environmental microbial diversity.
HUBUNGAN MINAT MEMBACA DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN SISWA KELAS X SMK YAPERJASA
Authors: Rufaidah Ida 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menginterpretasikan hubungan minat membaca dengan kemampuan membaca pemahaman mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas X SMK Yaperjasa. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei dan teknik korelasional. Peneliti menentukan sampel dengan teknik simple random sampling. Sampelnya yaitu 50 siswa. Angket minat membaca berbentuk skala likert. Tes objektif kemampuan membaca pemahaman bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam memahami sebuah wacana. Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan antara minat membaca dengan kemampuan membaca pemahaman kelas X SMK Yaperjasa. Data minat membaca dan kemampuan membaca pemahaman berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian dibuktikan dengan hasil uji-t dan taraf signifikansi α = 0,05 diperoleh = 4,31 dan = 1,677. Hasilnya ≥ atau 4,31 ≥ 1,677 maka signifikan. Selanjutnya, uji hipotesis menggunakan korelasi Pearson Product Moment dengan koefisien korelasi 0,48. Hasil koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,48 berada pada tingkat sedang. Hasil dari uji determinasi menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh nilai minat membaca terhadap kemampuan membaca pemahaman sebesar 23% dan sisanya 77% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Disimpulkan bahwa antara minat membaca dengan kemampuan membaca pemahaman atau pelajaran bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas X SMK Yaperjasa terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan.
KATA SERAPAN DAN ISTILAH ASING JOKO WIDODO DALAM DEBAT CALON PRESIDEN DAN WAKIL PRESIDEN 2019
Authors: Septiani Dwi 
Published: May 2021

Penggunaan bahasa Indonesia tidak hanya wajib dikuasai oleh pengajar bahasa Indonesia, tetapi juga para pejabat negara negara, salah satunya kepala negara. Sebagai suri teladan, alangkah eloknyamenguasai bahasa asing seperti bahasa Inggris dan juga menguasai bahasa negara dan bahasa nasional, yakni bahasa Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu, sebagai kontrol untuk mengembangkan bahasa Indonesia, diperlukan banyak kajian bahasa yang berkaitan dengan variasi diksi dalam wacana lisan yang digunakan para elite politik dalam forum-forum resmi, misalnya dalam debat calon presiden dan wakil presiden. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan variasi penggunaan kata serapan dan istilah asing yang diujarkan oleh Joko Widodo dalam debat calon presiden dan wakil presiden 2019 (debat ke-5). Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 107 data tuturan. Pada penelitian ini, ditemukan 35 data tuturan yang mengandung kata serapan (32, 7%) dan 25 data tuturan yang mengandung istilah asing (23,4%). Penggunaan kata serapan dan istilah asing yang dituturkan oleh Joko Widodo ketika debat calon presiden dan wakil presiden 2019 (debat ke-5) yang paling dominan adalah kosakata yang berasal dari bahasa Inggris.
PENGARUH MEDIA BLOG (JURNAL ONLINE) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 RANTAU PRAPAT
Authors: Harahap Rosmawaty 
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan adanya Pengaruh Media Blog (Jurnal Online) terhadap kemampuan menulis puisi siswa kelas X SMA N 1 Rantau Prapat Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Rantau Parapat yang berjumlah 240 orang dan yang menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 40 orang yang diacak. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes dalam bentuk essai. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan kemampuan menulis siswa tanpa menggunakan media blog (Jurnal Online) dan menggunakan media blog (Jurnal Online) pada siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Rantau Parapat. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari perbedaan perolehan nilai rata-rata, yaitu menulis puisi dengan pengaruh media blog (jurnal online) dengan nilai rata-rata 74,12 sedangkan menulis puisi tanpa menggunakan media blog (jurnal online) dengan nilai rata-rata 65,12.