bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development, Validation, and Implementation of a Short Breast Health Questionnaire
Authors: Alipour Sadaf , Rashidi Hadi , Maajani Khadije , Orouji Marzieh , Eskandari Yas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Health status and perception can be assessed by general or disease-specific questionnaires, the latter are more sensitive. Considering the importance of breast health in women’s lives and the lack of any pertinent questionnaire, we performed this study to develop a valid and reliable short BH questionnaire (BHQ); and then use it for the assessment of participants.
Methods

We first designed and developed the instrument, followed by measurement of inter-rater agreement IRA, content validity including content validity index (I-CVI) and scale content validity index (S-CVI), and reliability (through internal consistency and test-retest). We then included eligible women with normal breasts and benign breast disorders who attended our breast clinic.
Results

The IRA index (78.6%) showed optimal relevance and clarity of the questionnaire. The content validity was acceptable; with an S-CVI of 87.35 and 84.42 for clarity and relevance, respectively. One question was eliminated (I-CVI < 70%). The internal reliability was high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.93). For external consistency, three questions were eliminated (intraclass correlation coefficient < 0.7), the rest of the questions showed good and excellent reliability. In the next step, BH in the 350 eligible participants showed an overall score of 55.86 ± 11.57. Among different variables, age was the only one that showed a significant direct relationship with BH. A history of breast surgery for benign lesions and a family history of breast cancer did not affect BH.
Conclusion

This study introduces a valid reliable 11-item BHQ. We propose its use in various conditions throughout breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment; and in the assessment of BH in various physiologic and reproductive situations.
The Concurrence of Sexual Violence and Physical Fight Among Adolescent Suicide Ideators and the Risk of Suicide Attempt
Authors: Li Xun , Xiang Shi-Ting , Dong Jie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Experiences of sexual violence and physical fight had been identified as independent risk factors for suicidal behaviors among adolescents. The question raises whether the concurrence of these two risk factors further increases the risk of suicidal behaviors among ideators, and by how much the risk increases. This study analyzed data from the 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Students that reported had seriously considered attempting suicide in the past year were included (n=1755). The associations between physical fight/sexual violence status and the risk of suicide attempt/plan/injurious attempt were estimated. The concurrence of physical fight and sexual violence substantially increased the relative risks for attempted suicide (relative risk (RR)=2.01, 95%CI: 1.74, 2.31) and injurious suicide attempt (RR=4.03, 95%CI: 2.81, 5.78; subgroup analyses: among female, RR=3.25, 95%CI: 2.09, 5.04; among male, RR=6.19, 95%CI: 3.3, 12.14). Among students with concurrent physical fight and sexual violence, males reported more risk behaviors (median=14) than females (median=12)(P=0.0023). The concurrence of physical fight and sexual violence substantially increased the risks for attempted suicide among adolescent suicide ideators. A wide variety of risk behaviors clustered with the concurrence of physical fight and sexual violence, especially among males, which possibly lead to the higher rate of injurious suicide attempt among male students.
Auto-gyro Descent System for Earth’s Atmosphere
Authors: Nudurupati Abhay 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
An atmospheric descent mechanism that utilizes no power would be an efficient way to perform a safe landing procedure for small sized payloads and selected large payloads. This research paper presents the safe landing concept of an auto gyro descent system in the atmosphere of Earth, from a height of less than 1 Kilometre taken from the surface of executing point, using a specialized lift producing blade even at very low free stream velocity. These blades are designed to be highly cambered with suitable parameters as described further in the paper. Most of the parts are designed using CAD software and are 3D printed after a thorough simulation and analysis tests done using COMSOL Multi-physics and Xflr 5 for respective solutions. The model also includes the aerodynamics of the entire structure along with a base casing of specified structural design for further inclusion of electronic components for suitable scientific experiments. This provides a future base line for any kind of atmospheric studies or tests at a reasonable price and can be reused.
Effect of Deposition Time On Optical Properties of Chemical Bath Deposited Mercury Sulfide Thin Layers
Authors: Kangarlou Haleh , Asgary Somayeh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mercury sulfide films were deposited on amorphous glass substrates from aqueous solutions by chemical bath deposition method (CBD) at same temperature and different deposition times. Produced layers were post annealed at 250°C about one hour. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to study of film’s crystalline structural. Their optical properties were measured by spectrophotometry in the spectra range of 400-850 nm, Kramers-Kronig method was used for the analysis of reflectivity curves of HgS films to obtain the optical constants of films in order to investigation of relation between deposition time and optical properties. According to X-ray diffraction details, all thin films showed crystalline phase with a preferential growth along the (220) planes. Optical results have been shown photolminisance property for HgS produced thin films. By increasing deposition time, the dielectric property, refractive index and band gap values are increased.
Perphenazine And Prochlorperazine Decrease Glioblastoma Cells Migration And Invasion: Analysis of ABCB1 And ABCG2 Transporters, e-cadherin, α-tubulin, And Integrins (α3, α5, and β1) Expression in U87-MG Cells
Authors: Otręba Michał , Stojko Jerzy , Kabała-Dzik Agata , Rzepecka-Stojko Anna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Glioblastoma multiforme is the most frequent malignant brain tumor as well as one of the most lethal and untreatable human tumors with a very poor survival rate (up to 18 months). Thus, novel and effective strategies of treatment are still required since resistance and metastasis are major problems of anticancer chemotherapy. Interestingly, ABC transporters, which play a crucial role in the development of multidrug resistance, are modulated by phenothiazine derivatives, while cancer metastasis, migration, and invasion are regulated by cadherins, α-tubulin, and integrins. Methods: The impact on the motility of human glioblastoma U87-MG was performed by wound healing assay, cellular migration and invasion were performed by transwell assay, while ABCB1, ABCG2, E-cadherin, α-tubulin, and integrins (α3, α5, and β1) content were determined by Western blot.Results: The present study explores the effect of perphenazine and prochlorperazine on ABCB1, ABCG2, E-cadherin, α-tubulin, and integrins (α3, α5, and β1) amount as well as migration and invasion ability of human glioblastoma (U87-MG) cells suggesting that phenothiazine derivatives impair multidrug resistance proteins (ABCB1 and ABCG2), E-cadherin, α-tubulin, and integrins amount as well as impair migration and invasion of the U87-MG cell line. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that an increase of ABCG2 and E-cadherin as well as a decrease of α-tubulin, and integrins amount may explain the decrease of migration and invasion ability after phenothiazine derivatives treatment. Moreover, only prochlorperazine significantly reduces the rate of cell migration. Thus, the drug may be considered for the development of new and effective glioblastoma therapy.
Lipid Emulsion And Isoflurane: The Quality Assessment of Anesthesia Parameters In Pigeons
Authors: Ghazanfariasl Alireza , Shahroozian Ebrahim , Keramati Keyvan , Moslemi Hamidreza 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
An objective was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (IV) emulsified isoflurane formulation for maintenance of general anesthesia and to compare with IV lipid emulsion infusion with inhalation isoflurane in pigeons. The animals was total of 21 healthy, mature pigeons (Columba livia domestica), weighing 318 ± 13 g. Pigeons were anesthetized by emulsified isoflurane (treatment IΙΙ), inhalation isoflurane with IV lipid emulsion (treatment ΙΙ ), and inhalation isoflurane (treatment Ι) alone. Over 50 minutes, wing tone, toe pinch (pedal), and feather pluck reflex were tested every 10 minutes. Data was recorded at 10, 20 and 30 minutes for temperature (T), peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (fR). A scoring system was used to assess parameters related to anesthesia duration and depth. There were no significant differences in hemodynamic variables between the treatment Ι and treatments ΙΙ and IΙΙ, in treatments associated with fat emulsion have shown faster induction, longer anesthesia, more immobilization, and longer recovery time. Furthermore, in anesthesia depth percentages evaluation it was observed that emulsified isoflurane entered the anesthesia deep stage earlier and was removed immediately after discontinuation of administration.Administration of 8% v/v emulsified isoflurane IV was effective in anesthesia rapid induction, stability in depth of anesthesia, rapid withdrawal from anesthesia depth by discontinuation of the infusion, delayed recovery, cardiorespiratory and (T) stability.
LncRNA FOXD2-AS1 Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through miR-3144-5p/ KCTD15 Axis
Authors: Gao Qi , Wang Yanfeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lnc-RNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in the development of stroke. LncRNA FOXD2-AS1 has been reported to be important in many cancers. However, the role of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 in stroke is limited known.Methods: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) assays were used to measure expressions of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1, miR-3144-5p and KCTD15. Western blot assays were employed to examine Bax and Bcl2 protein expression. The cell viability was measured by cck8 assay. The cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining assay The interaction between FOXD2-AS1, miR-3144-5p and KCTD was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis and luciferase assays. Results: The expression of lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 was down-regulated in blood sample from stroke patients and MAO mice tissues. In addition, lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 was decreased on OGD/R treated cells. LncRNA FOXD2-AS1 overexpression promoted cell viability and reduced apoptosis in OGD/R-Induced PC12 Cells. LncRNA FOXD2-AS1 could interact with miR-3144-5p. Meanwhile, inhibition of miR-3144-5p alleviated OGD/ R-induced neuronal injury in PC12 Cells. Dual luciferase reporter assay verified that KCTD15 was a target of miR-3144-5p. And level of KCTD15 was positive with LncRNA FOXD2-AS1.Conclusion: Taken together, lncRNA FOXD2-AS1 protected against c cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by acting as a sponge of miR-3144-5p to modulate KCTD15 level.
Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus type (O) Overhangs Livestock Industry of both Young and Adult Cattle and Buffalo in Egypt
Authors: Abd-Ellatieff Hoda A. , Hegazy Asmaa A. , Hassan Aziza M. , El-Shehawi Ahmed M. , Bazh Eman K. , AbouRawash Abdel-Rahman A. , Shukry Mustafa , Tohamy Hossam G. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Egyptian farms is still attacked by several outbreaks of FMDV, a highly contagious viral disease that threatens the livestock industry worldwide. Many of these outbreaks are unreported. Hence, the epidemiological situation and molecular characterization of the currently responsible strains of recent FMD outbreaks are missed. To identify FMDV strains currently circulating in cattle herds and catch the recent update in the morphophonological changes due to that virus, we carried out this study on the FMD outbreak from 2016–2017 in Egypt. Clinical samples (post mortem tissues samples, oral swabs, epithelial suspensions from ruptured vesicles, and blood) were collected from clinically examined animals suspected to be of being FMD virus = 229 cattle and 138 buffalo. Of 175, 96 (54.8%) samples and 85 (44.3%) from 192 samples were positive in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Pathological examination revealed the classical lesions of FMDV as vesicular and erosive lesions on cornified epithelial tissues. Multi-focal areas of lympho-plasmocytic myocarditis were seen in the heart of all calves. Similar lesions were also observed in the heart of adult cattle that died in that outbreaks. Detailed pathological alterations in adult and young animals were described. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening of tissue specimens using specific primers for FMDV was done. Serotype O was the only serotype that was detected in our study and submitted in the Genebank. The four field isolates of serotype O that have been submitted in the Genebank had been found to belong to the EA-3 topotype. Nucleotide sequencing of the VP1 region and phylogenetic analysis has been used to determine the relationships between our field isolates, other recently isolated Egyptian isolates, and other isolates from some African countries and vaccinal strain used for serotype O in Egypt. The presence of strains of increased virulence among cattle and buffalo in Egypt could be attributed to the introduction of new viral strains through uncontrolled transboundary movements of animals during the last public revolution in Egypt in 2011.
Oleanolic Acid Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of U251Glioma Cells and Promotes their Apoptosis through the IKK-β, MAPK3, and MAPK4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Huang Jinxiang , Lin Shengnan , Zhu Feng , Chen Dengsheng , Huang Fang , xu luning 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Object: To investigate the effects of Oleanolic acid (OA) on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of human glioma cell U251, as well as IKK-β and MAPK signaling pathways.Methods: The binding of OA to IKK-β and MAPK signaling pathway essential proteins IKK-β, MAPK3, and MAPK4 was analyzed by molecular docking technique. U251 cells were treated with different concentrations of OA. The proliferation and apoptosis rates of U251 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, MTT assay, cell cloning assay, and AnnexinⅤ FITC/PI double staining assay. Transwell chamber assay was used to detect migration and invasion of U251 cells. Western blot was used to detect and analyze the expression levels of CYP17A1, IKK-β, PTGS2 and MAPK3/4 protein in U251 cells after OA treatment. Finally, the transcriptome sequencing method was used to detect the differentially expressed genes in the two groups, and the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed.Results: The results of molecular docking showed that OA could stably bind to IKK-β, MAPK3, and MAPK4 proteins. OA could not only effectively inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of U251 cells (P < 0.05), but also significantly inhibit the invasion of U251 cells (P < 0.005). Western blot assay confirmed that OA could dramatically inhibit the protein expression levels of CYP17A1, IKK-β, PTGS2, MAPK3, and MAPK4 in U251 cells (P < 0.01). A total of 446 significantly differentially expressed genes were detected in transcriptome sequencing, of which 96 were up-regulated genes and 350 were down-regulated genes. These genes are mainly involved in processes such as inflammation, metabolism, immunity, and regulation of cell growth.Conclusions: OA may inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma U251 cells by binding key molecules of the IKK-β signaling pathway and essential target proteins of MAPK3 and MAPK4 in the MAPK signaling pathway.
Neurological Assessment Skill Competency of Registered Nurses in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A One Group Pre-Post Design
Authors: Yousef Nazia , Hussain Muhammad , Perveen Kousar , Afzal Muhammad , Gilani Syed Amir 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesTo assess the effect of educational pedagogy on the skill of nurses in neurological assessment of traumatic brain injury patientsMethodsThis one group pre-post-test study investigated the effect an educational pedagogy on 36 registered nurses of trauma center, general surgery and neuro surgery department of a tertiary care hospital. A 20 items validated competency checklist was used to assess the skill of nurses before and after educational training regarding Neurological (Glasgow Coma Scale) assessment of TBI patients.ResultsFrequency and percentages of demographic and professional variables were checked. 36 (100%) of the nurses showed incompetent skills practice and having scores from 0 to 13. post test results of the study illustrated that 7 (19.4 %) nurses having score 0 to 13 and had incompetent skill practices. 29 (80.6 %) nurses having score from 14 to 20 and had competent skills practice. mean ( of the posttest skills score was significantly higher than the mean ( of the pre test skills score. ConclusionBefore and after educational training there is significant paired mean difference in skill competency of nurses. Hence the educational intervention was effective in improving skills competency of registered nurses in neurological assessment.
Mechanisms of Sex Differences in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Interleukin 2 Receptor Subunit Beta and CD3d Molecule Play an Important Role
Authors: Yu Chaojie , Liu Chong , Liang Tuo , Liao Shian , Chen Liyi , Huang Risheng , Sun Xunhua , Ye Zhen , Guo Hao , Yao Yuanlin , Zhan Xinli , Zhao Jinmin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction:ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by sexual dimorphism in clinical manifestations. Our aim is to reveal the reason for gender difference in AS. Material and Methods: we used bioinformatics to analyze gene expression data of GSE73754. And verified by PCR and ELISA. Results: the pathogenic pathways leading to AS are Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. The key gene involved in this pathway in male is interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta (IL2RB). The key genes involved in female are IL2RB and CD3d molecule (CD3D) . Both genes are immune-related genes.Conclusion: differences in key genes contribute to gender differences in AS. Male AS may require only one gene, while female AS requires two genes.
Validation of Chinese Version of SKT (Syndrom Kurztest): A Short Cognitive Performance Test for the Assessment of Memory and Attention.
Authors: Lu Yao , Hu Jingchao , Stemmler Mark , Guo Qihao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aim: The SKT (Syndrom Kurztest) is a short cognitive performance test that consists of nine subtests and assesses deficits of memory and attention. It was aimed at exploring the SKT target population in China and to evalute the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of SKT.Method: A total of 1624 patients (599 cognitively normal controls, 359 subjectively cognitively impairment, 666 individuals with mild cognitive impairment) aged over 60 years old were recruited in the Sixth People’s Hospital in Shanghai. Cognitive screening tests (Chinese version of SKT, MMSE, MoCA-BC, ACE-III, AVLT, BVMT-R) and global functional tests (ECOG, ADL) were carried out. The SKT raw scores were recorded. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was determined to assess the internal consistency reliability of the SKT. Principal factor analysis was performed to evaluate the factor structure of the SKT subtests. Correlation analyses were carried out to confirm the relationship between the modified SKT and standardized neuropsychological tests. The influence of age and educational years on SKT raw scores were detected using multiple regression analyses. Validations of the SKT subtests for detecting MCI from NC were determined by Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Result: The internal consistency among the subtests’ scores was high: Cronbach’s α=0.827. The dimension reduction analysis showed the good factor structure of SKT subtests. Correlation analysis indicated the SKT raw scores of each subtest was negatively correlated with the corresponding MMSE and MoCA-B score. Correlation analysis revealed that age and education years were correlated to SKT raw scores (all p <0.001). We separated the participants into four subgroups according to educational years and age. Among the four groups, The old-old with higher educational level (group 4) had the largest area under the ROC curve (AUC) for SKT memory test, 0.821(95%CI: 0.747,0.876), with sensitivity 84.3% and specificity 62.1%. SKT memory test provided a high predictive validity in detecting aMCI with sensitivity 90.1% and specificity 79.3%.Conclusion: Based on our experience with 1624 old patients in Shanghai, the Chinese version of SKT has good stability which might be a reliable and valid screening tool for detecting MCI. However, test results must be interpreted with caution considered individuals’ age and educational level.
Network And Meta-Omics Reveal The Key Degrader And Cooperation Patterns In An Efficient 1,4-Dioxane-Degrading Microbial Community
Authors: Dai Chuhan , Wu Hao , Wang Xuejun , Zhao Kankan , Lv Zhenmei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: 1,4-dioxane is an emerging wastewater contaminant with probable human carcinogenicity. Our current understanding of microbial interactions during 1,4-dioxane biodegradation process in mix cultures is limited. Here, we applied metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and co-occurrence network analyses to unraveling the microbial cooperation between degrader and non-degraders in an efficient 1,4-dioxane-degrading microbial community CH1.Results: The 1,4-dioxane degrading bacterium, Ancylobacter polymorphus ZM13, was isolated from CH1 and proved to be the key degrader because of the high relative abundance, highly expressed toluene monooxygenase genes tmoABCDEF and high betweenness centrality of networks. The strain ZM13 cooperated obviously with 6 bacterial genera in the network, among which Xanthobacter and Mesorhizobium were proved to be involved in the intermediate metabolism with responsible genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (adh), aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh), glycolate oxidase (glcDEF), glyoxylate carboligase (gcl), malate synthase (glcB) and 2-isopropylmalate synthase (leuA) upregulated. Also, 1,4-dioxane facilitated the shift of biodiversity and function of CH1, and those cooperators of CH1 cooperated with ZM13 in the way of providing amino acids or fatty acids and relieving environmental stresses to promote biodegradation.Conclusions: This study revealed the biodiversity, community structure, microbial functions and interactions in a microbial community CH1 during the efficient 1,4-dioxane degradation and proved the degrader Ancylobacter polymorphus ZM13 that isolated from CH1 was the key degrading bacterium. These results provide new insights into our understanding of how the key degrading bacterium interacted with cooperators in a 1,4-dioxane-degrading community, and has important implications for predicting microbial cooperation and constructing highly efficient synthetic 1,4-dioxane-degrading communities.