bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Long Noncoding RNA‐NRAV and Long Noncoding RNA‐Lethe Expression in Crimean−Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Baysal Ayşenur Çömez , Kıymaz Yasemin Çakır , Şahin Nil Özbilum , Bakır Mehmet 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCrimean−Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the CCHF virus, a member of the Bunyavirales order and the Orthonairoviridae family. The exact pathogenesis is not fully understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs that are shown to play a role in various pathological processes of viral diseases. NRAV and Lethe are two well‐known lncRNAs. Although previous studies have shown that NRAV and Lethe play important roles in the pathogenesis of viral infections, their role in CCHF is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of NRAV and Lethe in patients with CCHFV. Eighty patients diagnosed with CCHF were included, and RNA was extracted from their blood samples. The expression of NRAV and Lethe was measured using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Patients were divided into three groups based on severity score, which was mild, moderate, and severe, and into two groups (survivors and non‐survivors). The expression levels of NRAV and Lethe were compared between these groups. Of the patients, 49 (61.25%) were male, 31 (38.75%) were female, and the mean age was 38.62 ± 19.28 years. No differences in age or gender were found between the groups. It was shown that NRAV expression was 21.86 times higher in the severe patient group compared to the moderate group and 22.74 times higher than in the mild group, statistically significant. When comparing fatal cases with survivors, NRAV expression levels were found to be 9.2 times higher in fatal cases. Lethe levels were 3 times lower in moderately severe cases compared to mild cases, but this difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, our study suggests that NRAV may be a lncRNA involved in the pathogenesis of CCHFV.
Characterization of Tip Fold‐Over Using Fluoroscopy and Intracochlear Pressure in Cadaver Specimens
Authors: Chabuz Carolyn A. , Banakis Hartl Renee M. , Rodriguez Kenny , Gonzalez Joseph , Cass Stephen P. , Greene Nathaniel T. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesCochlear implant array malpositioning is associated with impaired speech perception, vertigo, and facial nerve stimulation. Tip fold‐over is a subset of malpositioning that occurs more often with perimodiolar electrodes, but historically it has not been characterized due to lack of knowledge regarding electrode movements of the electrode within the cochlea. The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanics of tip fold‐over events and their associated insertion pressure profiles.MethodsCadaveric human heads were surgically prepared with a mastoidectomy and facial recess. Fiberoptic pressure sensors were inserted into the scala vestibuli and tympani to measure intracochlear pressures. Perimodiolar CI electrodes (Cochlear Slim‐Modiolar, CI532) were inserted via round window under fluoroscopy.ResultsThree types of tip fold‐over events were observed: anterior‐posterior C‐shaped, medial‐lateral C‐shaped, and S‐shaped roll‐overs. The largest transient pressures occurred with anterior‐posterior and S‐type roll‐over, and were associated with rotation or twisting inside the cochlea.ConclusionsResults demonstrate at least three subtypes of tip fold‐overs. Elevated pressure transients were noted before and during the tip fold‐over event related to electrode twisting. The characterization of tip fold‐over into subtypes is novel and may aid identification of tip fold‐over events intraoperatively in the future. It remains important to identify tip fold‐over events, and they should be recognized early using a multimodal verification system. Further investigation is still required to determine the significance of these changes and other possible patterns of intracochlear electrode movement.Level of EvidenceN/A: Cadaver study Laryngoscope, 2024
Unconventional Photo‐Control of Structural Features Using Elliptically Polarized Light
Authors: Pagidi Srinivas , Vishwanath Sujaya Kumar , Luo Dan , Dhara Surajit , Manda Ramesh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe holographic interference of either same‐handed or orthogonal polarized beams is commonly employed in the fabrication of optical elements as it enables the development of an ideal sinusoidal surface modulation by inducing the mass migration of photochromic polymer. However, this approach encounters challenges in producing multiplexed optical elements with a complex surface topography, primarily due to only sinusoidal surface topography which limits control over the feature's shape and size. Here, a versatile approach is demonstrated for fabricating spatially multiplexed optical elements using ellipticity‐controlled orthogonally elliptically polarized (OEP) beams that offer distorted square‐like and rhombus‐like pillars on the azopolymer layer by asymmetric azopolymer migration driven by spatially varying ellipticity and azimuth angle of interference beam. These multiplexed distorted shapes enable selective energy transfer during light diffraction and also induce a phase‐shift to polarization states. Ellipticity control of both writing and interference beams provides an additional degree of freedom for structuring the surface topography of optical elements. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis of the multiplexed OEP surface relief is performed to achieve distinct diffraction properties, thereby rendering its suitability for fabricating complex optical elements.
Gaps in the Assessment and Care of Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Conditions Associated With Dystrophinopathy
Authors: Baldi Olivia , Kinnett Kathi , Schrader Rachel , Denger Brian , Truba Natalie , Sorensen Seth , Veerapandiyan Aravindhan , Colvin Mary K. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction/AimsWhile dystrophinopathies are primarily characterized by progressive muscle weakness with onset during childhood, dystrophin also plays a role in brain development. This study aimed to characterize how neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders are currently identified and managed in clinical care of those with Becker and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (BDMD).MethodsParent Project Muscular Dystrophy (PPMD) disseminated surveys to caregivers and health care providers (HCPs) in the United States to assess the frequency and management of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders of those with dystrophinopathy.Results320 caregivers (C) and 74 HCPs responded to surveys. Caregivers indicated higher rates of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders than HCPs, including anxiety (50.5% C, n = 112; 17.8% HCP, n = 19), attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (32.0% C, n = 73; 15.9% HCP, n = 17), obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) (25.9% C, n = 57; 11.2% HCP, n = 12), depression (21.6% C, n = 48; 18.7% HCP, n = 20), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (21.0% C, n = 47; 10.3% HCP, n = 11). Results also indicated gaps in the assessment and care of these conditions, including lack of routine screening, reduced access to psychologists and psychiatrists, and lack of clarity amongst HCPs about who should manage neurodevelopmental and psychiatric concerns in those with dystrophinopathy.DiscussionClosing the identified gaps in assessment, perception, and care will require increased awareness of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions in dystrophinopathy and screening tools to facilitate early identification of these conditions during routine clinical care.
Enhancing mechanical properties of recycled sheet molding compound composites through catalytic and ozone activation
Authors: Rizzo Giuliana , Dattilo Sandro , Saitta Lorena , Tosto Claudio , Pergolizzi Eugenio , Latteri Alberta , Cicala Gianluca 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCurrently, mechanical recycling offers a feasible approach to reduce scraps or end‐of‐life product (EoL) of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites, such as sheet molding compound (SMC), without gravely impact on energy and costs. However, the resulting material is characterized by a discontinuous bulk, limiting its application to low‐value products. In this study, a comprehensive characterization of composites made by fresh unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) and recycled SMC with a content from 10% up to 40% by weight (wt), was carried out. To enhance the chemical interactions between the inert recycled SMC and the fresh UPR, and as consequence their mechanical properties, two different transesterification catalysts, aluminum (III) sec‐butoxide and titanium (IV) butoxide at 1.0 wt%, were utilized. To further investigate the interaction between SMC and fresh UPR, an ozone treatment was carried out on SMC before blending and all the composites compared with no‐treated reference systems. Among the formulated composites, the one made by 40 wt% of SMC and titanium (IV) butoxide results to be the most performant system with a Tg around 137°C, a modulus of 3.7 GPa and strain at break around 1.42%. These results could innovate the manufacturing of recycled composites with superior mechanical properties, potentially used for applications such as cabinet, panels, or external cladding.Highlights
Mechanical recycling of sheet molding compound “SMC”.
Ozone treatment of SMC filler before blending with fresh UPR.
Activation of filler with Al and Ti Alkoxide; –Enhanced mechanical properties for UPR + SMC40% + Ti sample; –Enhanced elongation at break for UPR + SMC20% + O3.
Molecular Diversity and Agronomic Performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Cultivars in Benin: Local Cultivars and Lines Introduced From China
Authors: Azon Christel Ferréol , Fassinou Hotegni Nicodème V. , Adjé Charlotte O. , Gnanglè Lewis Spencer , Benjamin Evelyn , Mhuruyengwe Ruvarashe Loveness , Salaou Abdou Mouizz , Houdegbe Aristide Carlos , Sogbohossou Deedi Olga , Sedah Paulin , Dossa Komivi , Agbangla Clément , Quenum Florent J. B. , Achigan‐Dako Enoch G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSesame cultivation was until recently restricted to the northwestern part of Benin. The yield is relatively low, as there are no improved varieties introduced and widely adopted so far. This study aimed to assess the molecular diversity, genetic differentiation, and the agronomic performance of a collection of local cultivars and introduced lines of sesame from China. The agronomic evaluation was conducted across eight environments during the 2020 cropping season using 14 descriptors on 19 accessions, including 6 introduced lines arranged in a randomized complete bloc design. Twelve simple sequence repeat markers were used to assess the molecular diversity. The analysis of variance showed significant variation among accessions for all the traits, except the number of lodges per capsule. Principal component analysis (PCA) followed by hierarchical clustering indicated that the accessions could be classified into three groups. The first group included accessions from China with the local accession SI09, characterized by early flowering and low seed yields (on average 380.13 kg ha−1). The second group included late flowering accessions and intermediate seed yield (on average 548.68 kg ha−1). The third group included higher yielding accessions (on average 715.7 kg ha−1). The PCA identified key traits such as days to 50% emergence, days to 50% flowering, collar diameter, plant height, number of branches, and seed yield as the most discriminative among accessions for agromorphological characterization. The SSR markers were polymorphic, with polymorphic information content values between 0.17 and 0.92. A total of 62 alleles were detected, with each locus exhibiting 2 to 15 alleles. The gene diversity ranged from 0.18 to 0.92, with an average value of 0.55. Cluster analysis based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean revealed that accessions were grouped in three clusters, with the coefficients of similarity/dissimilarity ranging between 0.60 and 0.92. Most of the Chinese lines were clustered together, except accession Y01. This study provided useful knowledge about local sesame cultivars in Benin and their similarities and differences with the lines introduced from China, therefore contributing to the advancement of the sesame‐breeding program in the country.
CDs/PBAT Nanofiber Films With High Tensile Strength and Flame‐Retardant Property via Microfluidic Technology
Authors: Shi Long , Zhai Jiang , Li Qing , Zhu Liangliang , Zhao Xin , Chen Su , Li Guo‐Xing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) nanofiber film prepared by electrospinning method exhibits limited application in many fields due to its poor flame retardancy and machinal property, despite being a biodegradable material with exceptional toughness and ductility properties. In this work, we employed microfluidic technology to continuously produce blue fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) on an aluminum‐based microfluidic chip using citrate and ethanolamine as precursors. Subsequently, utilizing microfluidic electrospinning technology, the CDs/PBAT composite nanofiber films with blue fluorescence were prepared in situ reaction. Interestingly, compared to pure PBAT nanofiber membranes, the CDs/PBAT composite nanofiber membranes exhibit a tensile strength of 4.31 MPa, representing a remarkable increase of 3.24 times, and an elongation at break of 491%, indicating an improvement of 1.62 times. More importantly, it had demonstrated that the incorporation of CDs into PBAT can achieve flame‐retardant effects. We firmly believe that the microfluidic strategy could open up a new idea for the synthesis of CDs and point out the direction for the meaningful fabrication of PBAT nanofiber film with high tensile strength and flame‐retardant property.
In situ characterization of amine‐forming enzymes shows altered oligomeric state
Authors: Caparco Adam A. , Bommarius Bettina R. , Ducrot Laurine , Champion Julie A. , Vergne‐Vaxelaire Carine , Bommarius Andreas S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEnzyme stability can be measured in a number of ways, including melting temperature, activity retention, and size analysis. However, these measurements are often conducted in an idealized storage buffer and not in the relevant enzymatic reaction media. Particularly for reactions that occur in alkaline, volatile, and high ionic strength media, typical analyses using differential scanning calorimetry, light scattering, and sodium dodecyl‐sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis are not satisfactory to track the stability of these enzymes. In this work, we monitor the stability of engineered and native dehydrogenases that require a high amount of ammonia for their reaction to occur. We demonstrate the benefits of analyzing these enzymes in their reaction buffer, uncovering trends that were not observable in the typical phosphate storage buffer. This work provides a framework for analyzing the stability of many other enzymes whose reaction media is not suitable for traditional techniques. We introduce several strategies for measuring the melting temperature, oligomeric state, and activity of these enzymes in their reaction media. Further, we have identified opportunities for integration of computational tools into this workflow to engineer enzymes more effectively for solvent tolerance and improved stability.
First‐principles simulations of the fluorescence modulation of a COX‐2‐specific fluorogenic probe upon protein dimerization for cancer discrimination
Authors: Pérez‐Sánchez Álex , Curutchet Carles , González‐Lafont Àngels , Lluch José M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) plays a crucial role in inflammation and has been implicated in cancer development. Understanding the behavior of COX‐2 in different cellular contexts is essential for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigate the fluorescence spectrum of a fluorogenic probe, NANQ‐IMC6, when bound to the active site of human COX‐2 in both its monomeric and homodimeric forms. We employ a multiscale first‐principles simulation protocol that combines ground state MM‐MD simulations with multiple excited state adiabatic QM/MM Born‐Oppenheimer MD simulations based on linear response TD‐DFT, which allows to account for protein heterogeneity effects on excited‐state properties. Emission is then estimated from polarizable embedding TD‐DFT QM/MMPol calculations. Our findings indicate that the emission shift arises from dimerization of the highly overexpressed COX‐2 in cancer tissues, in contrast to the monomer structure present in inflammatory lesions and in normal cells with constitutive COX‐2. This spectral shift is linked to changes in specific protein–probe interactions upon dimerization due to changes in the environment, whereas steric effects related to modulation of the NANQ geometry by the protein scaffold are found to be minor. This research paves the way for detailed investigations on the impact of environment structural transitions on the spectral properties of fluorogenic probes. Moreover, the fact that COX‐2 exists as homodimer just in cancer tissues, but as monomer elsewhere, gives novel hints for therapeutical avenues to fight cancer and contributes to the development of drugs targeted to COX‐2 dimer in cancer, but without affecting constitutive COX‐2, thus minimizing off‐target effects.
PairK: Pairwise k‐mer alignment for quantifying protein motif conservation in disordered regions
Authors: Halpin Jackson C. , Keating Amy E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractProtein–protein interactions are often mediated by a modular peptide recognition domain binding to a short linear motif (SLiM) in the disordered region of another protein. To understand the features of SLiMs that are important for binding and to identify motif instances that are important for biological function, it is useful to examine the evolutionary conservation of motifs across homologous proteins. However, the intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) in which SLiMs reside evolve rapidly. Consequently, multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of IDRs often misaligns SLiMs and underestimates their conservation. We present PairK (pairwise k‐mer alignment), an MSA‐free method to align and quantify the relative local conservation of subsequences within an IDR. Lacking a ground truth for conservation, we tested PairK on the task of distinguishing biologically important motif instances from background motifs, under the assumption that biologically important motifs are more conserved. The method outperforms both standard MSA‐based conservation scores and a modern LLM‐based conservation score predictor. PairK can quantify conservation over wider phylogenetic distances than MSAs, indicating that some SLiMs are more conserved than MSA‐based metrics imply. PairK is available as an open‐source python package at https://github.com/jacksonh1/pairk. It is designed to be easily adapted for use with other SLiM tools and for diverse applications.
The N‐Acetyltransferase 2 Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Petryszyn Pawel , Zurakowski Grzegorz , Dudkowiak Robert , Machowska Marta , Gruca Agnieszka , Ekk‐Cierniakowski Pawel , Skretkowicz Jadwiga , Poniewierka Elzbieta , Wiela‐Hojenska Anna , Glowacka Krystyna 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe enzyme N‐acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) plays an important role in metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics, including carcinogens and medications. We aimed to assess the contribution of the NAT2 polymorphism to susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Polish population. The study involved 101 IBD patients and 100 healthy controls. The NAT2 gene mutations at positions 481T, 803G, 590A, and 857A were identified using the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) technique on peripheral blood DNA samples. Carriers of the NAT2*5 allele had a greater chance of developing Crohn's disease (CD) (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.06–2.83). Also, the NAT2*4/5 genotype was more prevalent in CD patients (OR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.17–6.57). When compared to the control group, the prevalence of the NAT2*4/6 genotype in the IBD patient population was significantly lower (10.9% vs. 30.0%, p < 0.01). In the Polish population, polymorphism in the NAT2 gene may potentially alter susceptibility to IBD.
Part 1: Evaluation of Pediatric Cannabis–Drug Interaction Reports
Authors: Chapin Maryann R. , Kane‐Gill Sandra L. , Li Xiaotong , Abanyie Kojo , Taneja Sanya B. , Egbert Susan , Paine Mary F. , Boyce Richard D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTData addressing safety concerns related to potential drug interactions between cannabis‐derived products and pharmaceutical medications in the pediatric population are lacking. In this study, we retrieved case reports through a published literature search using PubMed and spontaneous reporting data using the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to identify potential cannabis– and cannabinoid–drug interactions in individuals younger than 18 years old. To evaluate the published case reports, we used the Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS), a 10‐item questionnaire designed to discern the causal relationship between a potential drug interaction and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). FAERS reports were deduplicated and analyzed to gather information regarding patient demographics, associated drugs, nature of the ADRs, outcomes, professions of the reporters, and reporting timelines. Seven published case reports and 9142 FAERS ADRs reports were included in the final analysis. Based on the findings, caution is warranted when cannabis or cannabinoids are used in combination with prescribed medications, including methadone, everolimus, fluoxetine, and paroxetine. Cannabinoids may inhibit drug‐metabolizing enzymes, including several cytochrome P450s, leading to increased drug exposure and potentially, an increased risk for ADRs.
Part 2: Drug Interactions Involving Cannabis Products in Persons Aged 18 and Over: A Summary of Published Case Reports and Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Chapin Maryann R. , Kane‐Gill Sandra L. , Li Xiaotong , Abanyie Kojo , Taneja Sanya B. , Egbert Susan , Paine Mary F. , Boyce Richard D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe increasing utilization of cannabis products combined with lack of data regarding potential cannabis–prescription drug interactions is concerning. This study aimed to review published case reports and FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) spontaneous reports to assess cannabis–drug interactions in persons aged 18 and over. A literature search identified 20 case reports that were each assessed for drug interaction causality using the Drug Interaction Probability Scale. Data collected from the FAERS revealed a greater proportion of reports mentioning serious outcomes, including death, when cannabis was used concomitantly with controlled substances compared to noncontrolled substances. Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant difference between the controlled and noncontrolled groups (p = 0.043). Overall, these findings emphasize the need for additional research and vigilant monitoring of cannabis use when combined with other medications.