bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fire behaviour and resistance of cold-formed steel beams with sigma cross-sections
Authors: Arrais Flávio , Lopes Nuno , Vila Real Paulo 
Published: June 2021

PurposeSigma cross-section profiles are often chosen for their lightness and ability to support large spans, offering a favourable bending resistance. However, they are more susceptible to local, distortional and lateral-torsional buckling, as possible failure modes when compared to common I-sections and hollow cross-sections. However, the instability phenomena associated to these members are not completely understood in fire situation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyse the behaviour of beams composed of cold-formed sigma sections at elevated temperatures.Design/methodology/approachThis study presents a numerical analysis, using advanced methods by applying the finite element software SAFIR. A numerical analysis of the behaviour of simply supported cold-formed sigma beams in the case of fire is presented considering different cross-section slenderness values, elevated temperatures, steel grades and bending moment diagrams. Comparisons are made between the obtained numerically ultimate bending capacities and the design bending resistances from Eurocode 3 Part 1–2 rules and its respective French National Annex (FN Annex).FindingsThe current design expressions revealed to be over conservative when compared with the obtained numerical results. It was possible to observe that the FN Annex is less conservative than the general prescriptions, the first having a better agreement with the numerical results.Originality/valueFollowing the previous comparisons, new fire design formulae are analysed. This new methodology, which introduces minimum changes in the existing formulae, provides at the same time safety and accuracy when compared to the numerical results, considering the occurrence of local, distortional and lateral-torsional buckling phenomena in these members at elevated temperatures.
Using social networking tools for teaching requests to undergraduate Arab EFL learners: a study of pragmatics
Authors: Qadha Adil Mohammed , Al-Wasy Baleigh Qassem , Mahdi Hassan Saleh 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the impact of social networks on learning requests by Arab undergraduate EFL students.Design/methodology/approachFurthermore, both types of requests (i.e. direct and indirect) have been compared under the same condition. A total of 40 Saudi EFL learners participated in this study. Their scores in the pre-test and post-test were compared.FindingsResults of the post-tests indicated that the experimental groups' performance significantly outscored the control groups. However, no significant difference was reported between the two experimental groups (i.e. direct and indirect).Originality/valueRequests, as a component of pragmatics, have been investigated extensively in the literature to aid second/foreign language learning. However, little is known about the manner by which social networks could foster learning requests.
Dwelling form and culture in the traditional Najdi built environment, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlNaim Mohammed M. 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis study examines the built environment in the preserved historic settlements of the Najd region of Saudi Arabia, providing insight into shared core concepts and forms that were commonly shared across the settlement's dwellings before the Kingdom's period of modernization.Design/methodology/approachSpace syntax convex mapping and the justified access graphing as the main techniques to examine several internal elements at the building level. The study created elements such as connectivity, access graphs and depth graphs to understand the integration and placement of these elements to overcome surrounding forces. Also, the author combined graphical architectural analysis with space syntax techniques to understand the spatial and physical integration in three-dimensional space. This helped to establish a link between what is two-dimensional (the building layout) with what is three-dimensional (the physical form).FindingsThe paper found that the hierarchical order of internal spaces and the order's role in shaping the physical form served to satisfy the social behavior and environmental conditions. As a result, all building elements generated with the guidance of the main culturally rooted in support with internal spaces order. This order of spaces inside the house led the urban spatial hierarchy to connect but not conflict, as the whole process of generating the physical forms is to complement each other and to produce a unified built environment.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to Najdi dwelling form and culture, the author believes expanding the number of study samples in the five traditional settlements or expanding the scope of the study to examine other Saudi regions may result in new findings and insights.Originality/valueThe paper offers and discusses two mechanisms on how to enhance the process of designing modern houses in similar cultures or elsewhere in the world. Also, how traditional dwelling elements generated with the guidance of the main, culturally rooted values and beliefs, in support of the internal spatial order.
How the dimensions of culture influence supply chain collaboration: an explanatory sequential mixed-methods investigation
Authors: Acquah Innocent Senyo Kwasi , Naude Micheline Juliana , Soni Sanjay 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis study aims to demonstrate how integration is achieved in an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design by assessing the effect of collaborative cultural dimensions on supply chain collaboration amongst firms in Ghana's downstream petroleum sector. Specifically, the study examined how collectivism, long-term orientation, power symmetry, as well as uncertainty avoidance influence supply chain collaboration. Besides, it also demonstrates how integration is achieved in an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design.Design/methodology/approachUsing an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, the study employed a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis of quantitative data (N = 166), followed by a thematic analysis of eight semi-structured interviews to explain how and why the dimensions of collaborative culture impact supply chain collaboration.FindingsThe quantitative findings suggest that three out of the four dimensions of culture significantly predict supply chain collaboration. Integrating the quantitative and qualitative findings suggests convergence between the results of the quantitative and qualitative phases of the study as the qualitative results compliment the quantitative findings and offer more nuanced understanding of the cultural mechanisms responsible for successful supply chain collaborations.Practical implicationsThe findings provide managers in the downstream petroleum sector with insights into how and why the dimensions of collaborative culture influence supply chain collaboration. These managers should, therefore, build corporate cultures characterized with high levels of long-term orientation, power symmetry and uncertainty avoidance.Originality/valueOwing to the role of culture in successful supply chain collaborations, this study, through a mixed-methods design, links the dimensions of collaborative culture with supply chain collaboration in the downstream petroleum sector. Moreover, it demonstrates how integration and complementarity are achieved at the study design, methods, as well as the interpretation and reporting levels of an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design.
A little learning is a dangerous thing
Authors: Jackson Norman V. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Asking whether we should regard the learning organization as a tautology and, thus, of questionable utility, the purpose of this paper is to assess the ur-definition of the concept furnished by Senge. It seeks to demonstrate, particularly to those unaware of a textual-analytic approach, how claims that have academic authority can have poor explanatory power, with attendant risks.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a post-structuralist methodology, by illuminating unarticulated assumptions and questioning bald assertions, this paper exposes sub-textual bias and a lack of rigour characterizing the prescription of the learning organization. This legitimizes alternative and more inclusive narratives.

Findings
This paper finds the learning organization furthering a managerialist interest under the guise of enabling the achievement of employee’s and employees’ desires. As such, it is in the tradition of improvement-offering management fashions. In offering the promise of a sort of liberation for employees, it ignores and facilitates systemic dysfunctions, both internal and external.

Originality/value
By introducing the suggestion that the learning organization might be usefully interrogated as a paralogism, this paper encourages a critical appreciation of learning, not as an unalloyed good but as a potentially repressive tool. A fortiori, the learning organization.
Stratum corneum levels of calprotectin proteins S100A8/A9 correlate with disease activity in psoriasis patients
Authors: Matsunaga Yukiko , Hashimoto Yuki , Ishiko Akira 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPsoriasis is an intractable inflammatory skin disorder characterized by scaly erythema and plaques. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) is widely used to score disease severity, but evaluation is subjective, and an objective biomarker would be useful. The stratum corneum (SC), which can be non‐invasively harvested, may reflect psoriasis‐associated changes in epidermal keratinocytes, such as the upregulation of the calprotectin proteins S100A8 and S100A9. The aim of this study was to examine the availability of S100A8/A9 protein levels in SC as a biomarker of psoriasis disease activity. Fifty‐three patients with psoriasis, 30 with psoriasis vulgaris (PsV), and 23 with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) participated. SC cells from lesional and non‐lesional skin were collected by tape‐stripping. S100A8/A9 levels in serum and in SC were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and compared with PASI score before and after treatment initiation or switching. Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and disease‐free individuals were used as controls. Expression of S100A8/A9 in SC of lesional skin of psoriasis patients was significantly higher than in non‐lesional skin or AD skin. There was no significant difference of SC S100A8/A9 levels between PsV and PsA patients. The S100A8/A9 levels in SC of psoriasis patients were significantly positively correlated with the PASI score. When patients’ skin lesions cleared (PASI clear) in response to treatment, expression of S100A8/A9 in SC was no longer detectable. S100A8/A9 protein levels in SC may be available as an objective, non‐invasive biomarker of psoriasis activity to complement PASI scoring.
The family policy positions of conservative parties: A farewell to the male‐breadwinner family model?
Authors: GIULIANI GIOVANNI AMERIGO 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSince the Golden Age of the Welfare State ended, the male‐breadwinner family model traditionally supported by conservative parties has been put under pressure.Familialismappears to be no longer attractive to a changing, more volatile constituency. By comparing four different European countries – namely, Denmark, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom – this work investigates the evolution of the conservative parties’ family policy positions in the post‐Fordist era (1990s–2010s). The article has two goals. First, relying on a multidimensional theoretical framework where both social consumption and social investment policy instruments are at stake, it probes whether conservatives have switched their positions by backing de‐familialism and thus the dual‐earner family model. Second, it explains policy position change or stability over time and cross‐country differences through a multicausal analytical framework.The content analysis of party manifestos shows that, in the post‐Fordist era, the conservative parties have supported ‘optional familialism’, thus upholding bothfamiliarizingand de‐familiarizingmeasures. However, such positions are not static. In the 1990s, support for familialism was higher while, since the 2000s, there has been a constant, increasing backing of de‐familialism. While the shift is evident for all the parties, cross‐country differences remain. The comparative historical analysis has pointed out that the specific ‘optional familialism’ positions taken by the conservative parties over time result from the interaction of constituency‐oriented, institutional, contextual and political factors.
Management of patients presenting with low back pain to a private hospital emergency department in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Buchbinder Rachelle , Bourne Allison , Staples Margaret , Lui Chris , Walker Katie , Ben‐Meir Michael , Gorelik Alexandra , Blecher Gabriel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveRecent studies suggest many patients with non‐specific low back pain presenting to public hospital EDs receive low‐value care. The primary aim was to describe management of patients presenting with low back pain to the ED of a private hospital in Melbourne, Australia, and received a final ED diagnosis of non‐specific low back pain. We also determined predictors of hospital admission.MethodsRetrospective review of patients who presented with low back pain and received a final ED diagnosis of non‐specific low back pain to Cabrini Malvern ED in 2015. Demographics, lumbar spinal imaging, pathology tests and medications were extracted from hospital records. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of hospital admission.ResultsFour hundred and fifty presentations were included (60% female); 238 (52.9%) were admitted to hospital. One hundred and seventy‐seven (39.3%) patients received lumbar spine imaging. Two hundred and eighty (62.2%) patients had pathology tests and 391 (86.9%) received medications, which included opioids (n = 298, 66.2%), paracetamol (n = 219, 48.7%), NSAIDs (n = 161, 35.8%), benzodiazepines (n = 118, 26.2%) and pregabalin (n = 26, 5.8%). Predictors of hospital admission included older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.05), arrival by ambulance (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.06–3.90) and receipt of pathology tests (OR 3.32, 95% CI 2.01–5.49) or computed tomography scans (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.12–3.11).ConclusionWe observed high rates of imaging, pathology tests and hospital admissions compared with previous public hospital studies, while medication use was similar. Implementation of strategies to optimise evidence‐based ED care is needed to reduce low‐value care and improve patient outcomes.
Cognitive performance in older‐age bipolar disorder: Investigating psychiatric characteristics, cardiovascular burden and psychotropic medication
Authors: Beunders Alexandra J. M. , Kemp Tokie , Korten Nicole C. M. , Oudega Mardien L. , Beekman Aartjan T. F. , Kupka Ralph W. , Stek Max L. , Schouws Sigfried N. T. M. , Dols Annemiek 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore a large range of candidate determinants of cognitive performance in older‐age bipolar disorder (OABD).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed in 172 BD patients aged ≥50 years. Demographics, psychiatric characteristics and psychotropic medication use were collected using self‐report questionnaires and structured interviews. The presence of cardiovascular risk factors was determined by combining information from structured interviews, physical examination and laboratory assessments. Cognitive performance was investigated by an extensive neuropsychological assessment of 13 tests, covering the domains of attention, learning/ memory, verbal fluency and executive functioning. The average of 13 neuropsychological test Z‐scores resulted in a composite cognitive score. A linear multiple regression model was created using forward selection with the composite cognitive score as outcome variable. Domain cognitive scores were used as secondary outcome variables.ResultsThe final multivariable model (N = 125), which controlled for age and education level, included number of depressive episodes, number of (hypo)manic episodes, late onset, five or more psychiatric admissions, lifetime smoking, metabolic syndrome and current use of benzodiazepines. Together, these determinants explained 43.0% of the variance in composite cognitive score. Late onset and number of depressive episodes were significantly related to better cognitive performance whereas five or more psychiatric admissions and benzodiazepine use were significantly related to worse cognitive performance.ConclusionPsychiatric characteristics, cardiovascular risk and benzodiazepine use are related to cognitive performance in OABD. Cognitive variability in OABD thus seems multifactorial. Strategies aimed at improving cognition in BD should include cardiovascular risk management and minimizing benzodiazepine use.
Management of Charitable Program Expense Ratios in the Charity Sector
Authors: Cyr Dominic , Landry Suzanne , Fortin Anne 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe examine factors likely to influence charity managers’ propensity to manage their charitable program expense ratios. To this end, we survey 202 Canadian charities. First, we ask managers whether they think a high charitable program expense ratio is important. The results suggest that managers are less concerned with charitable program expense ratios when there are no regulatory restrictions for this figure, but they are more (less) inclined to post a high charitable program expense ratio when the charity depends on private donations (relies on government grants). We also find a positive relationship between education level and managers’ perception of the importance of having a high charitable program expense ratio. Second, for managers who believe having a high charitable program expense ratio is important, we use a logit model to analyse their propensity to manage the ratio upward. We show that improving the management team's reputation, avoiding losing the organisation's charitable status and retaining or obtaining government grants propel charity managers to alter the ratio. However, managers with more experience in a management position in charities and those with higher levels of education are less likely to engage in this practice.
Impact of the 2014 kidney allocation system changes on trends in A2/A2B into B kidney transplantation and organ procurement organization reporting of donor subtyping
Authors: Stern Jeffrey , Alnazari Nasser , Tatapudi Vasishta S. , Ali Nicole M. , Stewart Zoe A. , Montgomery Robert A. , Lonze Bonnie E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe current kidney allocation system (KAS) preferentially allocates kidneys from blood type A2 or A2B (A/A2B) donors to blood type B candidates. We used national data to evaluate center‐level performance of A2/A2B to B transplants, and organ procurement organization (OPO) reporting of type A or AB donor subtyping, in 5‐year time periods prior to (2009–2014) and following (2015–2019) KAS implementation. The number of centers performing A2/A2B to B transplants increased from 17 pre‐KAS to 76 post‐KAS, though this still represents only a minority of centers (7.3% pre‐KAS and 32.6% post‐KAS). For high‐performing centers, the median net increase in A2/A2B to B transplants was 19 cases (range ‐2–72) per center in the 5 years post‐KAS. The median net increase in total B recipient transplants was 21 cases (range ‐17–119) per center. Despite requirements for performance of subtyping, in 2019 subtyping was reported on only 56.4% of A/AB donors. This translates into potential missed opportunities for B recipients, and even post‐KAS up to 2322 A2/A2B donor kidneys may have been allocated for transplantation as A/AB. Further progress must be made both at center and OPO levels to broaden implementation of A2/A2B to B transplants for the benefit of underserved recipients.
Primary cutaneous anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma with 6p25.3 rearrangement exhibits a biphasic histopathologic pattern: Two case reports and literature review
Authors: Xue Yan‐ning , Wang Zhen , Sun Jian‐fang , Chen Hao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrimary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative diseases are the second most common group of cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas, including lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma (pcALCL), and borderline cases. These diseases form a spectrum and may show overlapping histopathological, phenotypic, and genetic features. In the 2016 WHO classification, LyP with 6p25.3 rearrangement was introduced as a rare new subtype of LyP and showed distinctive clinicopathological features. The striking biphasic histopathologic pattern presented with larger transformed lymphocytes diffusely infiltrating the dermis and smaller atypical cells infiltrating the epidermis as in pagetoid reticulosis.MethodsHerein we report two cases of pcALCL with rearrangement involving the DUSP22‐IRF4 locus on 6p25.3 that show the same particular biphasic histopathologic pattern. We review the literature regarding five similar reported cases and discuss the clinical, pathologic immunotype and follow‐up features.ResultsOur findings suggest that the biphasic histopathologic pattern is not a unique characteristic of LyP with 6p25.3 rearrangement.ConclusionCutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative diseases with 6p25.3 rearrangement may have the same biphasic histopathological pattern and favorable prognosis, although a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from LyP to pcALCL and even anaplastic lymphoma kinase negative systemic ALCL with secondary cutaneous involvement may be observed.
Diagnostic utility of PRAME in distinguishing proliferative nodules from melanoma in giant congenital melanocytic nevi
Authors: Gill Pavandeep , Prieto Victor G. , Austin Mary T. , Giubellino Alessio , Torres‐Cabala Carlos A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe describe a case of a melanocytic proliferation arising in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) and outline the potential utility of an immunohistochemical study with PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) in distinguishing benign proliferative nodules (PN) from melanoma in this context. A 15‐day‐old girl presented with a fibrotic nodule clinically suspicious for melanoma within a giant CMN. Histopathological examination showed a predominantly intradermal melanocytic nevus with congenital features intermixing with an ill‐defined proliferation of larger melanocytes demonstrating mild‐to‐moderate cytologic atypia and increased mitotic activity. Anti‐PRAME was diffusely positive within the congenital nevus while negative within the larger proliferating cells. Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed whole chromosomal gains and losses only, consistent with a PN arising in a giant CMN. To our knowledge, PRAME expression in giant CMN, PN, and pediatric melanomas has not been previously described. Based on our experience with this case, we propose that differential patterns of PRAME expression may be present in these three lesions, allowing PRAME immunohistochemistry to potentially serve as a helpful adjunct diagnostic tool for laboratories that do not readily have access to molecular testing in rendering a diagnosis for atypical melanocytic proliferations arising in giant CMN.