bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synovial fluid IL-1β appears useful for the diagnosis of chronic periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Wang Hai , Qin LeiLei , Wang Jiawei , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of synovial fluid interleukin (IL)-1β in diagnosing chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and to identify the optimal threshold of synovial fluid IL-1β for differentiating chronic PJI from aseptic failure after knee and hip arthroplasties.MethodsBetween January 2019 and December 2019, we prospectively included patients scheduled to have a revision surgery for chronic PJI or aseptic failure after total joint arthroplasty. Then synovial IL-1β was additionally measured along with routine preoperative diagnostic serum and synovial biomarkers. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) were analyzed for each biomarker to determine diagnostic efficacy.ResultsOf the 93 patients included, their demographic data were not found to be statistically significant. The median synovial IL-1β levels were significantly higher in the chronic PJI group than in the aseptic group (894.73 pg/mL vs. 34.49 pg/mL, P<0.01). The AUC for synovial fluid IL-1β was 0.991, which was higher than serum ESR (0.627) and CRP (0.712). The optimal threshold value for detecting chronic PJI of synovial IL-1β was 312.7 pg/mL, with a sensitivity of 97.3% and a specificity of 94.64%. And the combined measurement of synovial fluid IL-1β and synovial fluid PMN% can led to a specificity of 1, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 1.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that synovial fluid IL-1β is a valuable biomarker for detection of chronic PJI. The combination of synovial fluid IL-1β and PMN% led to an improvement in specificity compared with evaluation of each single index.Trial registrationThis study was prospectively registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (a non-profit organization, established according to both the WHO International Clinical Trials Register Platform Standard and Ottawa Group Standard), and the registering number was ChiCTR1800020440.Registered 29 December 2018.
Transcriptome-wide&nbsp;Development and Utilization of Novel Intron-length&nbsp;Polymorphic (ILP) Markers in&nbsp;Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa Subsp. Sativa)
Authors: Wei Xingyi , Wang Qiuxia , Ma Yitong , Liu Wenxian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Common vetch (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa) is one of the most economically important forage legumes with rich nutritional value and multiple uses. Though the large-scale development and application of microsatellite markers have been conducted in common vetch germplasm evaluation, the investigation and exploitation of intron-length polymorphic (ILP) markers have not been systematically analyzed. In this study, the intron positions of common vetch genome were located by aligning the RNA-Seq sequences of common vetch with Medicago truncatula, soybean (Glycine max), and Arabidopsis thaliana genomic sequences, and used for VsILP marker development. A total of 10,400 markers were generated from 44,582 common vetch unigenes. Out of 300 randomly selected VsILP markers, 283 resulted in successful amplification in common vetch. Among these markers, 40 produced length variation in 30 common vetch accessions, collectively yielding 166 alleles with an average of 4.0 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values extended from 0.06 to 0.81 with a mean of 0.49. Of the 283 VsILP markers, 84.8% exhibited transferability to leguminous and non-leguminous species. We presented here the first large-scale development of ILP markers in common vetch and their utility in germplasm evaluation and transferability, which will be valuable for further comparative genomic studies, genetic relationship assessments, and marker-assisted breeding of leguminous and non-leguminous species.
Distinct B Cell Subsets in Peyer’s Patches Convey Probiotic Effects by Lactobacillus Reuteri
Authors: Liu Hao-Yu , Giraud Antoine , Seignez Cedric , Ahl David , Guo Feilong , Sedin John , Walden Tomas , Oh Jee-Hwan , Pijkeren Jan Peter van , Holm Lena , Roos Stefan , Bertilsson Stefan , Phillipson Mia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Intestinal Peyer’s patches (PPs) form unique niches for bacteria-immune cell interactions that direct host immunity and shape the microbiome. Here we investigate how peroral administration of probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri R2LC affects B lymphocytes and IgA induction in the PPs, as well as the downstream consequences on 28 intestinal microbiota and inflammation susceptibility. Results: The B cells of PPs were separated by size to circumvent activation-dependent cell identification biases due to dynamic expression of markers, which resulted in two phenotypically, transcriptionally and spatially distinct subsets: small IgD+/GL7- /S1PR1+/Bcl6, CCR6-expressing pre-germinal center (GC)-like B cells with innate-like functions located subepithelially, and large GL7+/S1PR1-/Ki67+/Bcl6, CD69-expressing B cells with strong metabolic activity found in the GC. Peroral L. reuteri administration expanded both B cell subsets, and enhanced the innate-like properties of pre-GC-like B cells while retaining them in the sub-epithelial compartment by increased sphingosine-1- phosphate/S1PR1 signaling. Furthermore, L. reuteri promoted GC-like B cell differentiation, which involved expansion of the GC area and autocrine TGFβ-1 activation. Consequently, PD-1-T follicular helper cell-dependent IgA induction and production was increased by L. reuteri, which shifted the intestinal microbiome and protected against dextran-sulfate-sodium induced colitis and dysbiosis. Conclusions: The Peyer’s patches sense, enhance and transmit probiotic signals by increasing the numbers and effector functions of distinct B cell subsets, resulting in increased IgA production, altered intestinal microbiota and protection against inflammation.
Reciprocating propagation of laser pulse intensity in free space
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Gu Yanjun , Kawanaka Junji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The constant-speed straight-line propagation in free space is a basic characteristic of light. Recently, several novel spatiotemporal coupling methods, for example, flying focus (or named sliding focus), are developed to control light propagation including velocity and direction. In the method of flying focus, where temporal chirp and longitudinal chromatism are combined to increase the degree of freedom for coherent control, tunable-velocities and even backward-propagation have been demonstrated. Herein, we studied the transverse and longitudinal effects of the flying focus in space and time, respectively, and found in a specific physics interval existing an unusual reciprocating propagation that was quite different from the previous result. By significantly increasing the Rayleigh length in space and the temporal chirp in time, the newly created flying focus can propagate along a longitudinal axis firstly forward, secondly backward, and lastly forward again, and the longitudinal spatial resolution for a clear reciprocation flying focus improves with increasing the temporal chirp. When this new type of light is applied in the radiation pressure experiment, a reciprocating radiation-force can be produced in space-time accordingly. This finding further extends the control of light and might enable important potential applications.
Association Between Dietary Onion Intake and Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Adults: A Population-Based Study From an Lodine-Replete Area
Authors: zhang Juanjuan , Gu Yeqing , Meng Ge , Zhang Qing , Liu Li , Wu Hongmei , Zhang Shunming , Wang Yawen , Zhang Tingjing , Wang Xuena , zhang xu , Wang Xing , Sun Shaomei , Zhou Ming , Jia Qiyu , Song Kun , Niu Kaijun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background & AimsThe protective effect of onion against thyroid hypofunction has been reported in animal studies. However, in humans, the association between onion consumption and subclinical hypothyroidism are unclear. The study sought to explore the association between habitual onion intake and subclinical hypothyroidism among adult population from an iodine-replete area.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary onion intake and subclinical hypothyroidism in Chinese populationMethodsA cross-sectional study (6,515 men and 5,290 women) was performed in Tianjin, China. Frequency of onion consumption was assessed using a valid self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Subclinical hypothyroidism was diagnosed with TSH >4.78 IU/mL. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of onion intake with subclinical hypothyroidism.ResultsThe prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 2.56% in men and 7.18% in women, respectively. In women, the fully adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] of having subclinical hypothyroidism across increasing frequency of onion intake were 1.00 (reference) for <1 time/week, 0.99 (0.74-1.34) for 1-3 times/week, 0.73 (0.53-1.01) for 4-6 times/week, and 0.66 (0.46-0.95) for ≥7times/week (P for trend <0.01). However, we observed no significant association between onion intake and subclinical hypothyroidism in men. Stratified analyses suggested a potential effect modification by age; the odds ratios (95% CI) across extreme quartiles was 0.43 (0.20, 0.87) in <40 women and 1.05 (0.49, 2.28) in >60 women.ConclusionsFrequent consumption of onion is inversely associated with subclinical hypothyroidism in adult women from an iodine-replete area. Further studies are needed to explore the casual relationship.
Exosomal miR-151-3p Induces Calcium Deposition in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Inhibiting Atg5
Authors: Chen Li , Zhang Rongrong , Li Jinyin , Gao Yiping , Mao Shilong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Calcium deposition in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can lead to the rigidity of the vasculature and an increase of risk in cardiac events. This study aimed to explore the role of exosomal microRNA-151-3p (miR-151-3p) in the regulation of VSMC calcification. Methods: A cellular calcification model was established using the mouse primary aortic VSMCs by β-glycerophosphate treatment. The calcium deposition was evaluated by Alizarin Red staining. The expression of miR-151-3p in exosomes was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The relationship between miR-151-3p and Atg5 was determined by bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase gene reporter assay. The exosome derived from mouse VSMCs transfected with miR-151-3p mimics/inhibitor were isolated and used to stimulate VSMCs. The expression of Atg5, α-SMA, OPN, Runx2 and BMP2 was evaluated by western blot. An animal model was established to investigate the role of miR-151-3p in exosomes.Results: MiR-151-3p was significantly upregulated in the exosomes of VSMCs treated with β-glycerophosphate. Exosomes derived from calcific VSMCs increased the calcium deposition of general VSMCs without any treatment. Exosomes derived from miR-151-3p mimics transfected VSMCs increased the expression of Runx2 and BMP2, while reduced the expression of α-SMA and OPN in general VSMCs. and exosomes derived from miR-151-3p inhibitor transfected VSMCs reversed these effects in vitro. Meanwhile, miR-151-3p served as a ceRNA of Atg5 by directly binding to the 3'UTR of Atg5. Moreover, the expression of α-SMA, OPN, Runx2 and BMP2 in vivo was consistent with the results in VSMCs in vitro.Conclusion: Our study revealed that miR-151-3p in VSMCs-derived exosomes might induce calcium deposition through regulating Atg5 expression, suggesting that miR-151-3p might be a potential biomarker for vascular calcification.
Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharide-Based Protection to Combat H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in ARPE-19 Cells
Authors: Liang Ran , Zhao Qi , Zhu Qing , He Xin , Gao Ming jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been closely corelated to visual impairment in the elderly, in particular to the oxidative stress (OxS) and apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), has been ascertained to promote people’s immune system, as well as to reduce neuronal damage and blood retinal barrier disruption. Nevertheless, the protective function of LBP on AMD has not been investigated. In current study, H2O2 was utilized to stimulate the occurrence of OxS in RPE cells, aiming to investigate the protective function of LBP pretreatment and the underlying principle.Results: The experimental results indicated that LBP pretreatment had a significant efficacy to reduce oxidative damage, in combination with the increased cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis. Besides, LBP was ascertained to modulate the expression of apoptotic proteins and to activate the nuclear-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway to protect cells. Conclusion:These results demonstrated that LBP could activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, hence protecting ARPE-19 cells from H2O2-induced cell damage.
Internal Mammary Node Irradiation in Node-Positive Breast Cancer Treated with Mastectomy and Taxane-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Cho Won Kyung , Chang Jee Suk , Park Seung Gyu , Kim Nalee , Choi Doo Ho , Kim Haeyoung , Kim Yong Bae , Park Won , Suh Chang Ok 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose: It is important to continually reevaluate the risk/benefit calculus of internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) in the era of modern systemic therapy. We aimed to investigate the effect of IMNI on survival in node-positive breast cancer treated with mastectomy and anthracycline plus taxane-based chemotherapy.Methods and Materials: We analyzed 348 patients who underwent mastectomy and anthracycline plus taxane-based chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer between January 2006 and December 2011. All patients received adjuvant radiotherapy with IMNI (n = 105, 30.2%) or without IMNI (n = 243, 69.8%). The benefit of IMNI for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was evaluated using multivariate analysis and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to adjust for unbalanced covariates between the groups.Results: After a median follow-up of 95 months, the 10-year locoregional recurrence-free survival rate, DFS, and OS in all patients were 94.8%, 77.4%, and 86.2%, respectively. The IPTW-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the association of IMNI (vs. no IMNI) with DFS and OS was 0.208 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.045–0.966) and 0.460 (95% CI, 0.220-0.962). In multivariate analysis, IMNI was a favorable factor for DFS (HR, 0.458; p = 0.021) and OS (HR 0.233, p = 0.018).Conclusions: IMNI was associated with improved DFS and OS in node-positive patients treated with mastectomy, post-mastectomy radiation therapy, and taxane-based chemotherapy, although the rate of locoregional recurrence was low.
A Cultural Experience to support Mental Health in People Aged 16-24 During COVID-19 Compared to a Typical Museum Website: Study Protocol of an Online Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Sheriff Rebecca Syed , Vuorre Matti , Riga Evgenia , Przybylski Andrew K , Adams Helen , Harmer Catherine J , Geddes John R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite the high prevalence of common mental disorders in adolescents and young adults, and their association with poor health and socio-economic outcomes throughout the lifespan, many young people do not seek or receive help for such disorders. There is growing interest in the community sector in supporting mental health in young people, however, there is little by way of experimental research in this area. During the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown we designed an online cultural experience to reduce anxiety and depression and promote positive mental health in people aged 16-24. Methods/design: The O-ACE POP (Online Active Community Engagement Proof of Principle) study is a randomised controlled trial of an online cultural experience named Ways of Being, based on human centred narratives and viewpoints, compared with a typical museum website (the Ashmolean Museum). We aim to compare efficacy on mood, distress (depression and anxiety), flourishing and loneliness as well as investigating potential mechanisms of action, and feasibility of a larger scale RCT. Discussion: COVID-19 has provided a unique opportunity to design an innovative approach to supporting mental health in young adults. Findings derived from this study will allow us to evaluate the efficacy of this intervention and will inform the design of studies to further refine the resource and test it further.Trial StatusTrial Registration: NCT04663594First Registered: 11th Dec 2020 (submitted in same form 27th Nov 2020)Protocol v1.0: 3rd Dec 2020Date recruitment began: 4th Dec 2020Recruitment complete (estimate): Feb 2021
A novel structural mechanism of ribosomal stop codon readthrough in VEGF-A
Authors: Wagner Nico O. , Edwards Jerome M. , Abramovich Juliana , Gupta Paromita , Swaminathan Harish , Rouskin Silvi , D'Souza Victoria M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The process of ribosomal recoding is generally regulated by an autonomous mRNA signal downstream of stop-codons. While structural studies have provided mechanistic insights into viral systems, no such studies exist in mammalian systems. Here we define a novel structural mechanism for the VEGF-A readthrough system and show that regulation is multifaceted and complex, requiring a multipartite set of RNA elements located at long distances that interact with each other and with hnRNP A2/B1 to synergistically enhance readthrough levels. The Ax-element downstream of the stop codon adopts a unique multistem (SL-Ax1-3) architecture: SL-Ax1 interacts with hnRNP A2/B1, while SL-Ax2 interacts with an RNA element (SL-Au1) located ~500 nt upstream at the start of the coding sequence. SL-Au1 also independently binds to hnRNP A2/B1, which manipulates an equilibrium between alternate structures— from a sequestered bulge towards one that allows for the long-range interaction with SL-Ax2. Overall, our study not only highlights the significance of structural organization of elements within the coding sequence of mRNA, but also provides a functional relevance of the closed-loop mRNA organization in non-canonical translation and suggests complex mechanisms allow for finer integration of many signals for a required output.
Limit Cycles in the Equation of Whirling Pendulum With Piecewise Smooth Perturbations
Authors: Yang Jihua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with the problem of limit cycles for the whirling pendulum equation ẋ = y, ẏ = sin x(cos x-r) under piecewise smooth perturbations of polynomials of cos x, sin x and y of degree n with the switching line x = 0. The upper bounds of the number of limit cycles in both the oscillatory and the rotary regions are obtained by using the Picard-Fuchs equations which the generating functions of the associated first order Melnikov functions satisfy. Further, the exact bound of a special case is given by using the Chebyshev system.
Prone Position in Intubated, Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Coronavirus Disease-19.
Authors: Langer Thomas , Brioni Matteo , Guzzardella Amedeo , Carlesso Eleonora , Cabrini Luca , Castelli Gianpaolo , Corte Francesca Dalla , De Robertis Edoardo , Favarato Martina , Forastieri Andrea , Forlini Clarissa , Girardis Massimo , Grieco Domenico Luca , Mirabella Lucia , Noseda Valentina , Previtali Paola , Protti Alessandro , Rona Roberto , Tardini Francesca , Tonetti Tommaso , Zannoni Fabio , Antonelli Massimo , Foti Giuseppe , Ranieri Marco , Pesenti Antonio , Fumagalli Roberto , GRASSELLI Giacomo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Limited data are available on the use of prone position in intubated, invasively ventilated patients with Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Aim of this study is to investigate the use and effect of prone position in this population during the first 2020 pandemic wave.Methods: Retrospective, multicentre, national cohort study conducted between February 24 and June 14, 2020 in 24 Italian Intensive Care Units (ICU) on adult patients needing invasive mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure caused by COVID-19.Clinical data were collected on the day of ICU admission. Information regarding the use of prone position were collected daily. Follow-up for patient outcomes was performed on July 15, 2020. The respiratory effects of the first prone position were studied in a subset of 78 patients. Patients were classified as Responders if the PaO2/FiO2 ratio increased ≥ 20 mmHg during prone position. Results: Of 1057 included patients, mild, moderate and severe ARDS was present in 15, 50 and 35% of patients, respectively and had a resulting mortality of 25, 33 and 41%. Prone position was applied in 61% of the patients. Patients placed prone had a more severe disease and died significantly more (45% vs 33%, p<0.001). Overall, prone position induced a significant increase in PaO2/FiO2 ratio, while no change in respiratory system compliance was observed. Seventy-eight % of patients were Responders to prone position. Non-Responders had a more severe respiratory failure and died more often in the ICU (65% vs. 38%, p=0.047).Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, prone position has been widely adopted to treat mechanically ventilated patients with respiratory failure. The majority of patients improved their oxygenation during prone position, most likely due to a better ventilation perfusion matching.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT04388670
Evaluation of Histopathological Heterogeneity After Preoperative Chemotherapy in Patients With Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer
Authors: matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Tomita Hiroyuki , Kato Takazumi , Iwata Yoshinori , Matsui Satoshi , Imai Hisashi , Fukada Masahiro , Mizutani Chika , Takahashi Takao , Yasufuku Itaru , Suetsugu Tomonari , Imai Takeharu , Mori Ryutaro , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Futamura Manabu , Hara Akira , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRLMs) frequently receive chemotherapy prior to liver resection. Histopathological assessment of the resected specimen can evaluate the response to chemotherapy. This study analyzed the correlation between histopathological changes in the primary site and liver metastases. Patients and Methods: This study comprised 45 patients with resectable CRLMs at the Surgical Oncology Department of Gifu University School of Medicine from January 2006 to August 2015. Results: The study included 24 men and 21 women. The primary colonic tumor was located in the right side in 13 (28.9%) patients and the left side in 32 (71.9%) patients. We evaluated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (31/45) after excluding those in whom histopathological heterogeneity between the primary and liver metastasis changed to grade 3 after chemotherapy. We compared the group which underwent hepatectomy after chemotherapy (n=25) with that underwent hepatectomy alone (n=6). In 16 (53.3%) out of 25 patients, histopathological heterogeneity of the liver metastasis was lost (p=0.04). Conclusion: Chemotherapy appears to change histopathological heterogeneity.Our study suggests that the change of intratumoral heterogeneity reflect by the response of chemotherapy.