bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Plant Substrate, Insecticide, and Blood Meal Status on the Efficacy of Barrier Treatments Against Aedes albopictus
Authors: McMillan Benjamin E. , Benedict Brandi L. , Brewster Carlyle C. , Gallagher Nicola T. , Paulson Sally L. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The effects of 3 plant species (Cornus florida [dogwood], rhododendron X ‘Chionoides' [rhododendron], and Ilex opaca [American holly]), 4 insecticide treatments (Demand® CS [lambda-cyhalothrin] at 6.25 ml[AI]/liter; Talstar® Professional [bifenthrin] at 7.81 ml[AI]/liter, and Suspend® Polyzone® [deltamethrin] at 11.72 ml[AI]/liter, and water), and 2 physiological states (blood-fed and unfed) were evaluated for knockdown (1 h) and mortality (24 h) against female Aedes albopictus over an 8-wk sampling period. Analyses determined that there was a significant interaction between the tested plant species and the insecticides evaluated. Significant differences were likewise observed between the insecticide treatments for unfed Ae. albopictus females, with Demand CS demonstrating the highest knockdown and mortality rates (from &gt;90% to &gt;10% at wk 8 and &gt;95% to ∼50% at wk 8, respectively), followed by Talstar Professional (from &gt;75% to &lt;10% at wk 2 and &gt;90% to &lt;10% at wk 2, respectively) and Suspend Polyzone (from &gt;20% to &lt;10% at wk 8 and &gt;25% to &gt;50% at wk 8, respectively). All treatments were no longer significant for knockdown or mortality at the end of the 8-wk timeframe. Significant differences were also observed between insecticide treatments for blood-fed Ae. albopictus females; Demand CS showed high knockdown and mortality rates (from 100% to ∼50% at wk 8 and 100% to &gt;60% at wk 8, respectively), Suspend Polyzone rates were similar to Demand CS (from &gt;80% to ∼50% at wk 8 and ∼90% to &gt;65% at wk 8, respectively), and both were followed by Talstar Professional (from 100% to &lt;10% at wk 4 and 100% to &lt;20% at wk 4, respectively). All tested pyrethroid sprays showed a significant increase in effectiveness against recently blood-fed Ae. albopictus females, as compared to the unfed females. These results suggest that Demand CS can be used as an effective barrier spray against Ae. albopictus adults due to the limited impact of target foliage, its long-term efficacy under environmental conditions, and its continued effectiveness regardless of the blood meal status of the target mosquito.
Spatial Repellents Protect Small Perimeters from Riceland Mosquitoes in a Warm-Humid Environment
Authors: Britch Seth C. , Dame David A. , Meisch Max V. , Kline Daniel L. , Walker Todd W. , Allan Sandra A. , Urban Joyce , Aldridge Robert L. , Linthicum Kenneth J. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Recent experiments suggest spatial repellents may significantly reduce biting pressure from host-seeking riceland mosquitoes, such as Anopheles quadrimaculatus, in a warm-humid open-field habitat. However, little is known regarding efficacy of these formulations in partially enclosed spaces where US military personnel may be sheltered or concealed in an operational environment. In this study we investigated the capability of 3 spatial repellents—metofluthrin, linalool, and d-cis/trans allethrin—to reduce mosquito incursion into small open-top enclosures of US military camouflage netting. We found that metofluthrin was more effective in partially enclosed spaces compared with the open field, whereas both linalool and d-cis/trans allethrin provided superior protection in the open. These findings support strategic selection of spatial repellents depending on the environment immediately surrounding the host.
County-Level Records for Culex stigmatosoma and Culex thriambus in Texas
Authors: Sames William J. , Kirkscey Eleanor O. , Dunton Raymond F. , Bolling Bethany G. , Wild Alexander L. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Populations of Culex stigmatosoma and Cx. thriambus have been documented in the southwestern USA with a southward range extension to northern South America and Central America, respectively. Studies conducted in California indicate both species are potential vectors of West Nile virus. However, vector competence studies are lacking for other parts of the USA. During a multicounty regional surveillance study west of San Antonio, Texas, multiple errors were observed in the Texas distributional literature of these species. These errors involved incorrect distributional information in Texas and US publications. Evidence to correct these errant records was found upon further analysis of Texas literature and curated specimens. Therefore, the aims of this study were to present that evidence and then combine the corrected records with additional records from the Texas Department of State Health Services and from larval collections made during other Texas surveillance studies.
CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Widagdo Windu , Anshori Isa 
Published: April 2021

Since the appearance of the positive cases COVID-19 for the first time in Indonesia in March 2020, the number of confirmed positive cases and deaths has continued to increase to this day. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a systemic impact on all aspects of life, especially in education sector. In the event of a disaster emergency, education must continue with access and education services carried out in accordance with the conditions and centered on the fulfillment of children's educational rights and educational services carried out online. Based on this, the government has switched the learning and teaching process, which was originally in school to be at home or Home Study (BDR). In implementing this government policy, it is necessary to implement the school curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research aims to find out the curriculum implementation during covid-19 pandemic in sociological perspective. The research method used is qualitative method, this was to find information on curriculum implementation in the form of planning, implementation and assessment of curriculum at Muhammadiyah 1 Sidoarjo Junior High School during the covid-19 pandemic. The results obtained from this research, that is the implementation of the curriculum is very important in regulating learning during the covid-19 pandemic that must continue to run despite the social distancing implementation.
Tingkat Kesesuaian dan Daya Dukung Wisata Pantai di Pulau Penjalin, Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas
Authors: Mizan Al , Lestari Febrianti , Susiana  
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian dan daya dukung wisata pantai di Pulau Penjalin, Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas. Penentuan titik stasiun menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan lokasi wisata pantai di Pulau Penjalin, Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas. Untuk pengambilan data parameter ekologi dilakukan dengan metode survei. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan indeks kesesuaian wisata pantai di Pulau Penjalin pada stasiun 1 adalah 90,60% dan pada stasiun 2 adalah 97,44%, dengan tingkat kesesuaian wisata pantai pada kedua stasiun dikategorikan sangat sesuai. Daya dukung kawasan di Pulau Penjalin untuk aktivitas wisata pantai pada stasiun 1 sebanyak 478 jiwa dan dan stasiun 2 sebanyak 1.594 jiwa, dengan luas area pemanfaatan seluas 50 m2/orang dan waktu kunjungan selama 3 jam/orang/hari.
Kualitas Perairan pada Kolam Tailing Pasca Tambang Bauksit di Senggarang Kota Tanjungpinang
Authors: Pratiwi Wahyuning , Melani Winny Retna , Apriadi Tri 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air kolam tailing pasca tambang bauksit, struktur komunitas fitoplankton dan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antara parameter fisika-kimia perairan dan kelimpahan fitoplankton di Senggarang Kota Tanjungpinang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survey di lapangan dan analisis di laboratorium. Penentuan titik sampling dilakukan secara random sampling yaitu dengan menentukan 14 titik sampling yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perairan kolam pasca tambang bauksit memiliki kondisi air yang asam dengan nilai pH berkisar antara 3-4 dan BOD yang tinggi. Kelimpahan fitoplankton berkisar 1.178-3.008 sel/. Keanekaragaman yang rendah, keseragaman yang sedang serta rendahnya dominansi menunjukkan masih ada tekanan ekologis di perairan. Keterkaitan kelimpahan fitoplankton dengan parameter fisika-kimia perairan dari hasil pengelompokan titik sampling tiap kolam ditujukan pada kolam 1 memiliki keterkaitan, sedangkan pada kolam 2, 3 dan 4 tidak memiliki keterkaitan.
Kelimpahan dan Karakteristik Kepiting Bakau pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Desa Busung Kabupaten Bintan Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Saputra Ruli , Nugraha Aditya Hikmat , Susiana Susiana 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini mengenai kelimpahan dan karakteristik kepiting bakau pada ekosistem mangrove di Desa Busung Kabupaten Bintan Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat keterkaitan ekosistem mangrove terhadap kelimpahan dan karakteristik kepiting bakau di Desa Busung Kecamatan Sri Kuala Lobam Kabupaten Bintan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 9 titik menggunakan transek garis berukuran 10x10 meter. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu 2 jenis vegetasi mangrove Rhizopora apiculata dan Xylocarpus granatum. Nilai kerapatan pohon vegetasi mangrove jenis Rhizopora apiculata pada stasiun satu berjumlah 700 pohon/ha dan jenis Xylocarpus granatum berjumlah 1100 pohon/ha, pada lokasi penelitian stasiun dua vegetasi pohon mangrove jenis Rhizopora apiculata berjumlah 700 pohon/ha dan jenis Xylocarpus granatum berjumlah 900 pohon/ha, sedangkan pada lokasi penelitian stasiun tiga vegetasi pohon mangrove jenis Rhizopora apiculata berjumlah 1233 pohon/ha dan jenis Xylocarpus granatum berjumlah 300 pohon/ha. Kepiting bakau yang dijumpai pada lokasi penelitian yaitu jenis Scylla serrata dan Scylla paramamosain, jenis Scylla serrata ditemukan berjumlah 5 ekor sedangkan Scylla paramamosaian 18 ekor dengan jenis kelamin yang paling dominan jantan.
APROKSIMASI FUNGSI KONTINU TERBATAS DENGAN KONVOLUSI
Authors: Herlinawati Elin 
Published: April 2021

Convolution is a mathematical operation on two functions that produces a new function that can be seen as a modified version of one of its original functions. The convolution operator has no identity element. However, it has an approximate identity. It can be found as a sequence of gk such that convolution of f and gk converges to f for k→∞. It implies that convolution can be used to approximate a function. In this article, we have proven basic theorems about approximation function by convolution for a bounded function in C(Rd).
Konvolusi adalah suatu operasi pada dua fungsi dan menghasilkan suatu fungsi baru yang dapat dipandang sebagai versi modifikasi dari salah satu fungsi aslinya. Operasi konvolusi tidak memiliki unsur identitas. Namun, operasi konvolusi memiliki identitas hampiran, yakni dapat ditemukannya suatu barisan fungsi gk sehingga konvolusi dari f dan gk konvergen ke f untuk k→∞. Hal ini mengakibatkan konvolusi dapat digunakan untuk aproksimasi fungsi. Pada artikel ini dibuktikan teorema-teorema yang mendasari aproksimasi fungsi dengan konvolusi bagi fungsi terbatas di C(Rd) .
Writing The Literature Review
Authors: Acob Joel Rey U. , Nugroho Heru Santoso Wahito 
Published: April 2021

In the development of scientific investigation, traditionally, a researcher identifies prevailing issues as the focus of study. Following the institutional format gives way to decide within the box since conventional approach of accomplishing research are utilized. This article guides the neophyte researchers to alter the “customary” dealings of analyzing phenomenon under study without deviating the protocol.
Keywords: Literature, Literature review, Integrative review, Systematic review
Growth Performance of Lettuce Using Fermented Products as Organic Fertilizers
Authors: Negado Kareen Lynn E. 
Published: April 2021

This study evaluates the growth performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) utilizing various fermented products as organic fertilizers. Growth performance is determined through the plant’s weight and leaves and significant differences in growth among various treatments: (a) fish trash, (b) scrap seaweeds, (c) kangkong, and control groups urea (positive) and water (negative) was also determined. Kangkong leaves are fermented for 10 days, fish trash for 14 days and 1 month for seaweeds. Lettuce seeds are sown before transplanting (15 days after germination) into pots and placed in raised beds. Randomized complete block design is utilized in the experiment. Growth performance is measured through the number of leaves 10, 20, and 30 days after transplant and mass of plant upon harvest. After 30 days, the lettuce was harvested. Based on the findings, the soil and fermented products are acidic and the needed organic matter for optimum growth of lettuce are not sufficient as well as some nutrients of the fermented products. Among the organic fertilizers, kangkong at 30 ml performs best in terms of the growth performance of lettuce. Urea performs best in terms of the mass upon harvest. Significant differences exist in the mean number of leaves of lettuce treated with various amounts of organic fertilizers with the plants that receive urea. Lettuce produce more number of leaves and with the highest mass upon harvest when treated with urea compared with organic fertilizers applied after 30 days from transplant.
Keywords: fermented kangkong; fish trash; growth performance; lettuce; scrap seaweeds
Reading Too Near, Seeing Television, Using Gagets or Computers in a Long Time and the Decrease of Visual Acuity in School Aged Children in the Elementary School
Authors: Sulistijono Heru , Heriyanto Bambang 
Published: April 2021

Attention to vision disorders, technological progress is one of the things that might cause visual disturbances. The facts that occur a lot in the field, there are so many children who are familiar with gadgets or PC. The general purpose of this study is to obtain a description of the get us to factors of reading, seeing TV, gaget, PC that affect the decrease of visual acuity in school-aged children. The subject were 30 students in the grade 4-6 of elementary school Kemayoran 1 Surabaya, selected by purposive sampling. Data was collected through by questionnaire. The conclusion is that the get us to factor affects the decreased sharpness of the respondent’s vision.
Keywords: get us to factor; decreased sharpness of vision; school-aged children
Analysis of the Husband’s Support in the Readiness of Fertile-Age Women Regarding Pregnancy Preparation in Geger District Madiun Regency
Authors: Putranti Visi Prima Twin , Suharti Suharti 
Published: April 2021

Married couples generally want to get healthy childreen. The process of labor, pregnancy, and childbirth can be passed through the mother without complications if there is preparation long before the mother was declared pregnant. Physical and mental readiness should be sought by the mother to deal with the changes that will be experienced in pregnancy and the subsequent process. Support from the husband is thought to be an optimal factor in the success of the maternal and infant health. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of the husband’s support with the readiness of women in childbearing age in the preparation of pregnancy in Geger, Madiun. The research method used in this study is the cross sectional method. In Geger, Madiun the number of people which were married on July at were 60 couples. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and the samples received were 36 respondents. The research variables involve independent variables of the husband’s support and dependent variables include the readiness of women of childbearing age in the preparation of pregnancy. The test validity used was the Pearson Product Moment. The reliability test used was the Alfa Cronbach. The collected data were analyzed by Chi-Square. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between husband’s support and the readiness of fertile-age women in pregnancy preparation, where number p was 0,018 (alpha = 0,05). The role of health workers to provide health education and motivation is expected to reduce morbidity and mortality of mothers and infants.
Keywords: husband’s support; preparation of preganancy
Impact of COVID-19 on migrants’ access to primary care and implications for vaccine roll-out: a national qualitative study
Authors: Knights Felicity , Carter Jessica , Deal Anna , Crawshaw Alison F , Hayward Sally E , Jones Lucinda , Hargreaves Sally 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundCOVID-19 has led to big changes in UK primary care, including rapid digitalisation, with unknown impact on migrant groups.AimTo understand the pandemic’s impact on recently-arrived migrants and their access to primary health care, and implications for vaccine roll-out.Design and settingQualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with primary care professionals (PCPs) and migrants in urban, suburban, and rural settings across England.MethodSixty-four PCPs and administrative staff, and 17 recently-arrived migrants were recruited using purposive, convenience, and snowball sampling. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone. Data were analysed iteratively, informed by thematic analysis.ResultsPCPs and migrants concurred that digitalisation and virtual consultations have amplified existing inequalities in access to health care for many migrants, due to a lack of digital literacy and access to technology, compounded by language barriers. PCPs were concerned that virtual consultations resulted in difficulties building trust and risked missing safeguarding cues. Both PCPs and migrants highlighted challenges around registering and accessing health care due to physical closure of surgeries, as well as indirect discrimination, language and communication barriers, and a lack of access to targeted and tailored COVID-19 information or interventions. Migrants reported a range of specific beliefs, from acceptance to mistrust, around COVID-19 and potential COVID-19 vaccines, often influenced by misinformation. Innovative opportunities were suggested, including translated digital health advice using text templates and YouTube; these merit further exploration.ConclusionPandemic-related changes to primary care delivery may become permanent; some migrant groups are at risk of digital exclusion and may need targeted additional support to access services. Solutions are needed to address vaccine hesitancy in marginalised groups to ensure equitable COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
The Impact of Higher Education Problem Based Learning in 21st Century: Evidence from Malaysia & Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Nasir , Amin Sufi 
Published: April 2021

Problem based learning (PBL) approach has attained prominence due to its novelty in higher education. Problem based learning is pedagogical shift from traditional educational approaches to innovative educational approaches. Problem based learning alerts and challenges to classical and traditional assessment approaches because PBL is concerned with unique assessment approaches. Alternative pedagogies and assessment approaches enhance and give new insights to the effectiveness of PBL at higher education level. Students of higher education institutions learn through cognitions, socialization and experimental connections. Different students make different cognitive, social and experiential connections. This new phenomena has given new insights to the idea of shift of pedagogical paradigm in higher education with focus of teaching to learning. This approach has got prominence in scientific research and has equal importance in various fields of knowledge. It is equally important in other fields of knowledge. The major objective of this study was to explore the impact of higher education problem based learning in comparative perspectives of Malaysia and Pakistan. The participants of the study were included from Malaysia and Pakistan. Cross sectional research design has been used to analyze the collected data to achieve the objectives of the study. The study is significant for researchers in higher education institutions in comprehending the impact of higher education problem based learning in 21st century.
Keywords: Problem-Based Learning, Higher Education, Impact, Teaching & Learning
First-Line PARP Inhibitors—Emerging Side Effects Require Caution: A Case of PARPi-Induced Pneumonitis
Authors: McLaren Alistair , Cartwright Douglas , Ross Ewen , Roxburgh Patricia 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Niraparib, an inhibitor of poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) 1 and 2, has been shown to improve progression free survival in patients when used as maintenance treatment after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced stage (III to IV) high-grade ovarian cancer, and after platinum-based chemotherapy for relapsed disease. For grades greater than III, commonly reported side effects include bone marrow suppression (thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and anemia) and hypertension. However, grade ≥ III pneumonitis was not reported in phase III trials (PRIMA or NOVA). We present a case of life-threatening niraparib-induced pneumonitis. With recent approval for use of first-line maintenance niraparib in the United States and Europe, knowledge of the side effects and how to manage them is vital.
AngelChik Device Removal and Revisional Fundoplication
Authors: Chase Hannah , Mastoridis Sotiris , Maynard Nicholas 
Published: April 2021

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common condition in developed countries with an increasing incidence in the UK, currently estimated at 5 per 1000 person-years. Risk factors for GORD include Helicobacter pylori infection, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking and genetic predisposition. Surgical management is performed in chronic, severe cases of GORD, refractory to medical management.
There are a variety of interventional surgical techniques available and the patient in this case had placement of an AngelChik Device (AD) 30 years ago. This is now a historic device due to associated complications and this patient had it removed with revisional treatment of the patient’s GORD with Nissen Fundoplication. The patient experienced multiple post-surgical complications, namely biliary leak from the central port, pulmonary embolism and pneumonia. Following description of the case, this report will discuss the increasing incidence of late complications of AD and propose a proactive approach to these patients going forwards. It will also discuss the current uncertain evidence of a new surgical intervention called magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) of the lower oesophagus that has similar principles to the mechanism of an AD. From this it will emphasise that more stringent and worldwide collaboration is required when bringing a new medical device into clinical care.
Racism in Medicine: Education and Employment
Authors: Hotine Emily 
Published: April 2021

There is an ethnicity attainment gap that appears in early education and persists into the senior levels of the NHS. Disadvantage and discrimination is certainly pervasive for Chinese, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Indian students, but this editorial will focus on how Black students appear to be systematically disadvantaged compared to their white peers, as factors of social and cultural biases and class work to create layers of disadvantage that work against them from their education to their medical careers.
Racism exists in both the UK education system and in healthcare, not only through biases and prejudices, conscious or unconscious, but also through the systemic lack of racial and cultural literacy that exists in those institutions and their practices. Here we consider the ways in which racism presents itself in the journey of a Black doctor, from childhood to employment, and how it may produce this attainment gap.
Because research often groups subjects into a collective BAME category, that term is used here, but care has been taken to disaggregate those groups where possible.