bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilizing the framework of SAPO-34 zeolite toward long-term methanol-to-olefins conversion
Authors: Yang Liu , Wang Chang , Zhang Lina , Dai Weili , Chu Yueying , Xu Jun , Wu Guangjun , Gao Mingbin , Liu Wenjuan , Xu Zhaochao , Wang Pengfei , Guan Naijia , Dyballa Michael , Ye Mao , Deng Feng , Fan Weibin , Li Landong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs a commercial MTO catalyst, SAPO-34 zeolite exhibits excellent recyclability probably due to its intrinsic good hydrothermal stability. However, the structural dynamic changes of SAPO-34 catalyst induced by hydrocarbon pool (HP) species and the water formed during the MTO conversion as well as its long-term stability after continuous regenerations are rarely investigated and poorly understood. Herein, the dynamic changes of SAPO-34 framework during the MTO conversion were identified by 1D 27Al, 31P MAS NMR, and 2D 31P-27Al HETCOR NMR spectroscopy. The breakage of T-O-T bonds in SAPO-34 catalyst during long-term continuous regenerations in the MTO conversion could be efficiently suppressed by pre-coking. The combination of catalyst pre-coking and water co-feeding is established to be an efficient strategy to promote the catalytic efficiency and long-term stability of SAPO-34 catalysts in the commercial MTO processes, also sheds light on the development of other high stable zeolite catalyst in the commercial catalysis.
Efficient and selective photocatalytic CH4 conversion to CH3OH with O2 by controlling overoxidation on TiO2
Authors: Feng Ningdong , Lin Huiwen , Song Hui , Yang Longxiao , Tang Daiming , Deng Feng , Ye Jinhua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe conversion of photocatalytic methane into methanol in high yield with selectivity remains a huge challenge due to unavoidable overoxidation. Here, the photocatalytic oxidation of CH4 into CH3OH by O2 is carried out on Ag-decorated facet-dominated TiO2. The {001}-dominated TiO2 shows a durable CH3OH yield of 4.8 mmol g−1 h−1 and a selectivity of approximately 80%, which represent much higher values than those reported in recent studies and are better than those obtained for {101}-dominated TiO2. Operando Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques are used to comprehensively clarify the underlying mechanism. The straightforward generation of oxygen vacancies on {001} by photoinduced holes plays a key role in avoiding the formation of •CH3 and •OH, which are the main factors leading to overoxidation and are generally formed on the {101} facet. The generation of oxygen vacancies on {001} results in distinct intermediates and reaction pathways (oxygen vacancy → Ti–O2• → Ti–OO–Ti and Ti–(OO) → Ti–O• pairs), thus achieving high selectivity and yield for CH4 photooxidation into CH3OH.
Quantifying nanodiamonds biodistribution in whole cells with correlative iono-nanoscopy
Authors: Mi Zhaohong , Chen Ce-Belle , Tan Hong Qi , Dou Yanxin , Yang Chengyuan , Turaga Shuvan Prashant , Ren Minqin , Vajandar Saumitra K. , Yuen Gin Hao , Osipowicz Thomas , Watt Frank , Bettiol Andrew A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCorrelative imaging and quantification of intracellular nanoparticles with the underlying ultrastructure is crucial for understanding cell-nanoparticle interactions in biological research. However, correlative nanoscale imaging of whole cells still remains a daunting challenge. Here, we report a straightforward nanoscopic approach for whole-cell correlative imaging, by simultaneous ionoluminescence and ultrastructure mapping implemented with a highly focused beam of alpha particles. We demonstrate that fluorescent nanodiamonds exhibit fast, ultrabright and stable emission upon excitation by alpha particles. Thus, by using fluorescent nanodiamonds as imaging probes, our approach enables quantification and correlative localization of single nanodiamonds within a whole cell at sub-30 nm resolution. As an application example, we show that our approach, together with Monte Carlo simulations and radiobiological experiments, can be employed to provide unique insights into the mechanisms of nanodiamond radiosensitization at the single whole-cell level. These findings may benefit clinical studies of radio-enhancement effects by nanoparticles in charged-particle cancer therapy.
SARS-CoV-2 N protein promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation to induce hyperinflammation
Authors: Pan Pan , Shen Miaomiao , Yu Zhenyang , Ge Weiwei , Chen Keli , Tian Mingfu , Xiao Feng , Wang Zhenwei , Wang Jun , Jia Yaling , Wang Wenbiao , Wan Pin , Zhang Jing , Chen Weijie , Lei Zhiwei , Chen Xin , Luo Zhen , Zhang Qiwei , Xu Meng , Li Geng , Li Yongkui , Wu Jianguo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExcessive inflammatory responses induced upon SARS-CoV-2 infection are associated with severe symptoms of COVID-19. Inflammasomes activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection are also associated with COVID-19 severity. Here, we show a distinct mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 N protein promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation to induce hyperinflammation. N protein facilitates maturation of proinflammatory cytokines and induces proinflammatory responses in cultured cells and mice. Mechanistically, N protein interacts directly with NLRP3 protein, promotes the binding of NLRP3 with ASC, and facilitates NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. More importantly, N protein aggravates lung injury, accelerates death in sepsis and acute inflammation mouse models, and promotes IL-1β and IL-6 activation in mice. Notably, N-induced lung injury and cytokine production are blocked by MCC950 (a specific inhibitor of NLRP3) and Ac-YVAD-cmk (an inhibitor of caspase-1). Therefore, this study reveals a distinct mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 N protein promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation and induces excessive inflammatory responses.
Klotho inhibits neuronal senescence in human brain organoids
Authors: Shaker Mohammed R. , Aguado Julio , Chaggar Harman Kaur , Wolvetang Ernst J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAging is a major risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases. Klotho (KL) is a glycosylated transmembrane protein that is expressed in the choroid plexus and neurons of the brain. KL exerts potent anti-aging effects on multiple cell types in the body but its role in human brain cells remains largely unclear. Here we show that human cortical neurons, derived from human pluripotent stem cells in 2D cultures or in cortical organoids, develop the typical hallmarks of senescent cells when maintained in vitro for prolonged periods of time, and that moderate upregulation or repression of endogenous KL expression in cortical organoids inhibits and accelerates senescence, respectively. We further demonstrate that KL expression alters the expression of senescence-associated genes including, extracellular matrix genes, and proteoglycans, and can act in a paracrine fashion to inhibit neuronal senescence. In summary, our results establish an important role for KL in the regulation of human neuronal senescence and offer new mechanistic insight into its role in human brain aging.
Possible link between Earth’s rotation rate and oxygenation
Authors: Klatt J. M. , Chennu A. , Arbic B. K. , Biddanda B. A. , Dick G. J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe biotic and abiotic controls on major shifts in atmospheric oxygen and the persistence of low-oxygen periods over a majority of Earth’s history remain under debate. Explanations of Earth’s stepwise pattern of oxygenation have mostly neglected the effect of changing diel illumination dynamics linked to daylength, which has increased through geological time due to Earth’s rotational deceleration caused by tidal friction. Here we used microsensor measurements and dynamic modelling of interfacial solute fluxes in cyanobacterial mats to investigate the effect of changing daylength on Precambrian benthic ecosystems. Simulated increases in daylength across Earth’s historical range boosted the diel benthic oxygen export, even when the gross photosynthetic production remained constant. This fundamental relationship between net productivity and daylength emerges from the interaction of diffusive mass transfer and diel illumination dynamics, and is amplified by metabolic regulation and microbial behaviour. We found that the resultant daylength-driven surplus organic carbon burial could have shaped the increase in atmospheric oxygen that occurred during the Great and Neoproterozoic Oxidation Events. Our suggested mechanism, which links the coinciding increases in daylength and atmospheric oxygen via enhanced net productivity, reveals a possible contribution of planetary mechanics to the evolution of Earth’s biology and geochemistry.
Polycrystalline SnSe with a thermoelectric figure of merit greater than the single crystal
Authors: Zhou Chongjian , Lee Yong Kyu , Yu Yuan , Byun Sejin , Luo Zhong-Zhen , Lee Hyungseok , Ge Bangzhi , Lee Yea-Lee , Chen Xinqi , Lee Ji Yeong , Cojocaru-Mirédin Oana , Chang Hyunju , Im Jino , Cho Sung-Pyo , Wuttig Matthias , Dravid Vinayak P. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Chung In 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThermoelectric materials generate electric energy from waste heat, with conversion efficiency governed by the dimensionless figure of merit, ZT. Single-crystal tin selenide (SnSe) was discovered to exhibit a high ZT of roughly 2.2–2.6 at 913 K, but more practical and deployable polycrystal versions of the same compound suffer from much poorer overall ZT, thereby thwarting prospects for cost-effective lead-free thermoelectrics. The poor polycrystal bulk performance is attributed to traces of tin oxides covering the surface of SnSe powders, which increases thermal conductivity, reduces electrical conductivity and thereby reduces ZT. Here, we report that hole-doped SnSe polycrystalline samples with reagents carefully purified and tin oxides removed exhibit an ZT of roughly 3.1 at 783 K. Its lattice thermal conductivity is ultralow at roughly 0.07 W m–1 K–1 at 783 K, lower than the single crystals. The path to ultrahigh thermoelectric performance in polycrystalline samples is the proper removal of the deleterious thermally conductive oxides from the surface of SnSe grains. These results could open an era of high-performance practical thermoelectrics from this high-performance material.
The Upworthy Research Archive, a time series of 32,487 experiments in U.S. media
Authors: Matias J. Nathan , Munger Kevin , Le Quere Marianne Aubin , Ebersole Charles 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe pursuit of audience attention online has led organizations to conduct thousands of behavioral experiments each year in media, politics, activism, and digital technology. One pioneer of A/B tests was Upworthy.com, a U.S. media publisher that conducted a randomized trial for every article they published. Each experiment tested variations in a headline and image “package,” recording how many randomly-assigned viewers selected each variation. While none of these tests were designed to answer scientific questions, scientists can advance knowledge by meta-analyzing and data-mining the tens of thousands of experiments Upworthy conducted. This archive records the stimuli and outcome for every A/B test fielded by Upworthy between January 24, 2013 and April 30, 2015. In total, the archive includes 32,487 experiments, 150,817 experiment arms, and 538,272,878 participant assignments. The open access dataset is organized to support exploratory and confirmatory research, as well as meta-scientific research on ways that scientists make use of the archive.
Optimal solution of the fractional order breast cancer competition model
Authors: Hassani H. , Machado J. A. Tenreiro , Avazzadeh Z. , Safari E. , Mehrabi S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article, a fractional order breast cancer competition model (F-BCCM) under the Caputo fractional derivative is analyzed. A new set of basis functions, namely the generalized shifted Legendre polynomials, is proposed to deal with the solutions of F-BCCM. The F-BCCM describes the dynamics involving a variety of cancer factors, such as the stem, tumor and healthy cells, as well as the effects of excess estrogen and the body’s natural immune response on the cell populations. After combining the operational matrices with the Lagrange multipliers technique we obtain an optimization method for solving the F-BCCM whose convergence is investigated. Several examples show that a few number of basis functions lead to the satisfactory results. In fact, numerical experiments not only confirm the accuracy but also the practicability and computational efficiency of the devised technique.
Distinct mutations in importin-β family nucleocytoplasmic transport receptors transportin-SR and importin-13 affect specific cargo binding
Authors: Kimura Makoto , Imai Kenichiro , Morinaka Yuriko , Hosono-Sakuma Yoshiko , Horton Paul , Imamoto Naoko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractImportin-(Imp)β family nucleocytoplasmic transport receptors (NTRs) are supposed to bind to their cargoes through interaction between a confined interface on an NTR and a nuclear localization or export signal (NLS/NES) on a cargo. Although consensus NLS/NES sequence motifs have been defined for cargoes of some NTRs, many experimentally identified cargoes of those NTRs lack those motifs, and consensus NLSs/NESs have been reported for only a few NTRs. Crystal structures of NTR–cargo complexes have exemplified 3D structure-dependent binding of cargoes lacking a consensus NLS/NES to different sites on an NTR. Since only a limited number of NTR–cargo interactions have been studied, whether most cargoes lacking a consensus NLS/NES bind to the same confined interface or to various sites on an NTR is still unclear. Addressing this issue, we generated four mutants of transportin-(Trn)SR, of which many cargoes lack a consensus NLS, and eight mutants of Imp13, where no consensus NLS has been defined, and we analyzed their binding to as many as 40 cargo candidates that we previously identified by a nuclear import reaction-based method. The cargoes bind differently to the NTR mutants, suggesting that positions on an NTR contribute differently to the binding of respective cargoes.
Decreased risk of liver and intrahepatic cancer in non-H. pylori-infected perforated peptic ulcer patients with truncal vagotomy: a nationwide study
Authors: Wu Shih-Chi , Cheng Han-Tsung , Wang Yu-Chun , Tzeng Chia-Wei , Hsu Chia-Hao , Muo Chih-Hsin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe vagal nervous system is central to the physiological responses and systemic diseases of the liver. We evaluated the subsequent risk of liver and intrahepatic cancer (HCC/ICC) in non-H. pylori (HP)-infected perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) patients with and without vagotomy. Hospitalized PPU patients who underwent simple closure or truncal vagotomy/pyloroplasty (TVP) in the National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2008 were enrolled. The exclusion criteria included: (1) Multiple surgeries for PPU were received at the same admission; (2) Any cancer history; (3) Previous peptic ulcer-associated surgery; (4) HP infection history; (5) Viral hepatitis infection history; (6) Follow-up duration < 1 year; and (7) Age < 18 years. The risks of developing HCC/ICC in PPU patients with and without vagotomy were assessed at the end of 2013. To balance the baseline condition between groups, we used the propensity score matched method to select study subjects. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) of HCC/ICC. Before propensity score matching, 675 simple suture patients and 54 TVP patients had HCC/ICC, which corresponded to incidences of 2.11 and 0.88 per 1000 person-years, respectively. After propensity score matching, 145 simple suture patients and 54 TVP patients experienced HCC/ICC, which corresponded to incidences of 1.45 and 0.88 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The TVP patients had a 0.71 (95% CI 0.54–0.95)- and 0.69 (95% CI 0.49–0.97)-fold risk of developing HCC/ICC compared to simple suture patients before and after propensity score matching. Our findings reported that, in the Asian population, TVP decreases the risk of HCC/ICC in non-HP-infected PPU patients compared to simple closure patients. However, further studies are warranted.
The clinical utility of a comprehensive psychosomatic assessment in the program for colorectal cancer prevention: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gostoli Sara , Montecchiarini Maria , Urgese Alessia , Ferrara Francesco , Polifemo Anna Maria , Ceroni Liza , Gasparri Asia , Rafanelli Chiara , Cennamo Vincenzo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFew studies have investigated psychosocial characteristics and lifestyle behaviors of participants at programs for secondary prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed, through a comprehensive psychosomatic assessment based on clinimetric principles, to evaluate psychosocial characteristics and lifestyle behaviors in participants at CRC secondary prevention program, and to investigate the associations between these variables and endoscopic outcomes. In this cross-sectional study, the first 150 consecutive asymptomatic participants at the CRC prevention program who resulted positive to fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and were thus referred to colonoscopy, underwent a psychosomatic assessment including psychiatric diagnoses (DSM-5), psychosomatic syndromes (DCPR-R), psychological distress, psychological well-being and lifestyle behaviors. Whereas only 5.3% of the sample showed at least one DSM-5 diagnosis, 51.3% showed at least one DCPR syndrome, such as allostatic overload, alexithymia, Type A behavior, and demoralization. Patients affected by psychosomatic syndromes presented with significantly higher psychological distress, lower psychological well-being and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, such as tobacco smoking and unhealthy diet, in comparison with patients without DCPR syndromes. Among endoscopic outcomes, the presence of adenomas was significantly associated with DCPR irritable mood. In a clinical context of secondary prevention addressing asymptomatic patients with positive FOBT, a comprehensive psychosomatic assessment may provide relevant clinical information for those patients who present certain psychosomatic syndromes associated with high psychological distress, impaired psychological well-being, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and colorectal precancerous lesions. The results of the present study indicate a road to the practice of “preventive” medicine at CRC screening program.
OCTA reveals remodeling of the peripheral capillary free zones in normal aging
Authors: Arthur Edmund , Alber Jessica , Thompson Louisa I. , Sinoff Stuart , Snyder Peter J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe retinal neurovascular unit consists of blood vessel endothelial cells, pericytes, neurons, astrocytes, and Müller cells that form the inner retinal blood barrier. A peripheral capillary free zone (pCFZ) represents the distance that oxygen and nutrients must diffuse to reach the neural retina, and serves as a metric of retinal tissue oxygenation. The pCFZs are formed based on oxygen saturation in the retinal arterioles and venules. Because retinal arterioles contain a larger concentration of oxygenated blood than venules, there is a reduced need for capillaries to exist closely to arterioles compared to venules. Therefore, in a healthy individual, larger periarteriole CFZs are expected compared to perivenule CFZs. With normal aging, there is atrophy of the inner retinal neurons, and consequently reduced extraction of oxygen and nutrients from the retinal vessels (i.e., increased oxygen saturation). Therefore, we hypothesized that the peripheral CFZ will remodel with normal aging. Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography, we showed that the pCFZs do remodel in normal aging with large (perivenule: η2p = 0.56) and moderate (periarteriole: η2p = 0.12) effect sizes, opening the possibility that such changes may be further increased by neurodegenerative diseases that adversely impact the health of the retinal neural cell layers.
Personalised therapeutic management of epileptic patients guided by pathway-driven breath metabolomics
Authors: Singh Kapil Dev , Osswald Martin , Ziesenitz Victoria C. , Awchi Mo , Usemann Jakob , Imbach Lukas L. , Kohler Malcolm , García-Gómez Diego , van den Anker Johannes , Frey Urs , Datta Alexandre N. , Sinues Pablo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Therapeutic management of epilepsy remains a challenge, since optimal systemic antiseizure medication (ASM) concentrations do not always correlate with improved clinical outcome and minimal side effects. We tested the feasibility of noninvasive real-time breath metabolomics as an extension of traditional therapeutic drug monitoring for patient stratification by simultaneously monitoring drug-related and drug-modulated metabolites.

Methods
This proof-of-principle observational study involved 93 breath measurements of 54 paediatric patients monitored over a period of 2.5 years, along with an adult’s cohort of 37 patients measured in two different hospitals. Exhaled breath metabolome of epileptic patients was measured in real time using secondary electrospray ionisation–high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI–HRMS).

Results
We show that systemic ASM concentrations could be predicted by the breath test. Total and free valproic acid (VPA, an ASM) is predicted with concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) of 0.63 and 0.66, respectively. We also find (i) high between- and within-subject heterogeneity in VPA metabolism; (ii) several amino acid metabolic pathways are significantly enriched (p < 0.01) in patients suffering from side effects; (iii) tyrosine metabolism is significantly enriched (p < 0.001), with downregulated pathway compounds in non-responders.

Conclusions
These results show that real-time breath analysis of epileptic patients provides reliable estimations of systemic drug concentrations along with risk estimates for drug response and side effects.
Anchoring of a hydrophobic heptapeptide (AFILPTG) on silica facilitates peptide unfolding at the abiotic–biotic interface
Authors: Volkov Victor V. , Heinz Hendrik , Perry Carole C. 
Published: August 2021

We describe the interaction of a hydrophobic peptide with silica. Fitting of structures identified by simulation and use of natural transition orbitals to interpret CD data show that anchoring involves functional side groups, water and metal ions.
Conductive thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposite foams derived from a cellulose/MWCNTs aerogel framework: simultaneous enhancement of piezoresistance, strength, and endurance
Authors: Fei Yanpei , Chen Feng , Fang Wei , Hejna Aleksander , Xu Lixin , Liu Tong , Zhong Mingqiang , Yang Jintao , Kuang Tairong 
Published: August 2021

Cellulose/MWCNTs/TPU nanocomposite foams were successfully fabricated via a freeze-drying technique and ScCO2 foaming. The microcellular structure of the composite foams showed potential application for polymer composite foams in wearable sensor devices.
miR-219-5p targets TBXT and inhibits breast cancer cell EMT and cell migration and invasion
Authors: Ye Qin , Wang Xing , Yuan Mei , Cui Shuaishuai , Chen Yuanyuan , Hu Zhaodi , Liu Dandan , Han Conghui , Li Bibo , Chen Dahu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
miR-219-5p has been reported to act as either a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter in different cancers by targeting different genes. In the present study, we demonstrated that miR-219-5p negatively regulated the expression of TBXT, a known epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducer, by directly binding to TBXT 3′-untranslated region. As a result of its inhibition on TBXT expression, miR-219-5p suppressed EMT and cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cells. The re-introduction of TBXT in miR-219-5p overexpressing cells decreased the inhibitory effects of miR-219 on EMT and cell migration and invasion. Moreover, miR-219-5p decreased breast cancer stem cell (CSC) marker genes expression and reduced the mammosphere forming capability of cells. Overall, our study highlighted that TBXT is a novel target of miR-219-5p. By suppressing TBXT, miR-219-5p plays an important role in EMT and cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells.