bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of technological factors on porosity in the mass production of inlet guide vanes using additive technologies
Authors: Erikov K M , Dzhafarov E E , Bytsenko O A 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStainless steel products manufactured using additive technologies are widely used in many branches of modern industry (aviation, medicine, engineering, etc.). One of the main defects in this type of production is porosity. Surface treatment with high-current pulsed electron beams (HPEB) allows not only to increase microhardness and corrosion resistance, but also to reduce surface roughness and porosity in the recrystalized layer. This article presents studies of the microstructure of stainless steel samples, as well as the structural and phase state of the surface layer of samples before and after irradiation with HPEB.
Regularities of the high-temperature transformation of poly-2-methyl-5-vinyltetrazole and solid fuel compositions based on it in the nitrogen atmosphere
Authors: Volkova N N , Dashko D V , Zholudev A F , Kislov M B , Yanovskii L S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Macrokinetic regularities of high-temperature transformations of energy compositions based on poly-2-methyl-5-vinyltetrazole as an active binder have been studied. It has been shown that, in contrast to synthetic rubber, which is currently used in solid rocket fuel, poly-2-methyl-5-vinyltetrazole when added to the energy compositions based on high-nitrogen heterocycles leads to an increase in the burning rate of the fuel. The synergetic effect of the interaction between a binder and dispersant, manifested in an increase in the burning rate of the high-energy composition, reaches a maximum value when the mass ratio of the components in a binary mixture is 1:1.
Developing and testing a hybrid propulsion system demonstrator
Authors: Varyukhin A N , Zhuravlev D I , Zakharchenko V S , Geliev A V , Kiselev I O , Lomazov V S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper provides a description of a hybrid electric propulsion system demonstrator developed at CIAM. The key element of the demonstrator is an electric motor based on the principles of high-temperature superconductivity. Bench tests of several demonstrator units and devices have been successfully carried out. After their completion, bench tests of a full demonstrator were carried out in a high-altitude-climatic chamber.
Performance of CFD and ANN modeling of heat transfer enhancement in a circular tube with artificial roughness
Authors: Kuzmenkov N V , Frantcuzov M S , Koroleva A P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comparison of three different approaches for modeling enhanced heat transfer characteristics of turbulent airflow in a circular tube with artificial roughness of transverse ribs. A number of CFD simulations are carried out forming the first dataset as well as the second dataset extracted from a number of classical works. A deep feed-forward neural network is developed to predict Nusselt number and friction factor for a variety of rib roughness and flow parameters. The ANN is trained by the first dataset (the CFD and ANN approach) and the second dataset (the experiment and ANN approach) independently and by a combination of datasets (the hybrid approach) showing good quality predictions in all the cases. All results are compared with experimental data and CFD modelled values showing the best results of the experiment and ANN approach.
An Over-View Of The Applications Of Dfa (Design For Assembly) Techniques On Automobile Components For Reducing Assembly Time And Cost
Authors: Jaiswal Shrey Arvind , Darius Gnanaraj S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) techniques are useful for minimizing the cost of products through design and process improvements. DFMA is a combination of Design for Manufacturing (DFM) and Design for Assembly (DFA). This paper focuses case studies on the successful application of DFA techniques on Automobile components and reports the reduction in assembly time and cost of the product successfully achieved by different R&D works carried out by researchers around the World, collected through literature survey. Information available related to the following topics are collected and analyzed: minimize part count, design parts with self-locating features, design parts with self-fastening features, minimize reorientation of parts during assembly, standardization of parts, minimum use of fasteners, modular design, design for a base part to locate other components and design for component symmetry for insertion. The findings reported in this over-view are useful to practicing design engineers.
Analysis Of Disc Brake
Authors: Barik Nishant , Razak Khadari Sayyad Abdul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
his paper deals with the structural analysis of the rotor disc of disc brake. The rotor disc of a disc brake goes through many forces that are applied on it to stop the wheel. The deterioration of the disc brake is a major factor which should be kept in mind during a designing and choosing of the material of disc brake. The material properties are taken in context with the type of forces that act on the brake. In this paper all the disc brakes from past year few years have been analyzed and on the basis of that new model has been designed. The materials taken are compared and to see which shows the best result in the new model disc. The disc brake modelling in done on SOLIDWORKS followed by analysis in ANSYS WORKBENCH 18.1. The dimensions are taken with respect to the MOTOGP brakes
Design Optimization of Universal Joints for All-Terrain Vehicles
Authors: Yanda Sagar , Bala Murali Gunji , Shankar raju Siva , Jason Duckworth Bill , Sen Chandra , Singh Chadha Sidakdeep 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Universal joint mechanism widely used in the automobile power transmission systems. This joint mechanism desired to permit some angular deviations along the axis of rotation. The cardan joint comprises of the three main parts including the input drive shaft, the output drive shaft and the cross like piece. Two points of the cross piece connect to the input drive shaft and two other points connect to the output drive shaft. Connections are provided by the needle bearings. It is an important aspect of these bearings that while in action they never go through complete cycles. In other words, each of these bearings revolves only a few degrees around its axis before returning to its original position. The paper aims to develop a UV joint that is suitable for All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs). These types of vehicles have to traverse rough terrain and hence require taller suspension set up. Conventional universal joints limit this ability as the allowable articulation angle is very less. Due to this, they are prone to wear and malfunction and need to be replaced in comparatively short intervals of time. Naturally, it means that such parts have limited life span. We have hence developed a UV joint design which allows for better articulation angle while maintaining strength and reducing weight at the same time.
Dynamic Analysis of Multi Disc Rotating Stepped Shaft Through Signal Processing
Authors: Babu Rao K , Reddy D. Mallikarjuna 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study identifies a method for detection of irregularities like open cracks or grooves on a rotating stepped shaft with multiple discs, based on the Wavelet Transforms. Cracks are represented as reduction in diameter of shaft (groove) with small width. Single as well as multiple grooves are considered on stepped shaft at locations of stress concentration. Translational or rotational response curves/mode shapes are extracted from finite element analysis of rotor with and without grooves. Discrete and continuous 1D wavelet transforms applied on resultant response curve or mode shapes. The results show that rotational response curves or mode shapes are more sensitive to shaft cracks and key contributors to identify the location of cracks than translation response curves or mode shapes. Discrete Wavelet Transforms are accurate enough to locate the groove of smaller size. Effectiveness of detection by Wavelets Transforms is analyzed for Single as well as Multiple grooves with increase in grove depth. Increase in groove depth can be quantified by increase in wavelet coefficient and it can be an indicator.
Mechanical Properties of Graphene Reinforced Abaca Fiber Composites
Authors: Singh Shreyash , Khatri Harsh , Deshlahra Shobhit , Narendiranath Babu T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The main aim of this research work is to study the mechanical properties of abaca natural fiber composite reinforced with graphene. Natural fiber composites seek a numerous application nowadays due to its high strength is to weight ratio, high impact resistance, thermal stability, and recyclability. The percentage compositions of graphene reinforcement in the matrix are varied. Alkali treatment of abaca fiber is done to enhance bonding at the fiber-matrix interface. Conventional hand layup method is used for fabrication of the composite material. Moulds were made according to ASTM standard to test its tensile properties. The result showed that incorporation of glass fiber increases the performance of abaca fiber composites. Natural fiber composites have many potential applications in the automotive, aerospace and construction industries.
Refreshable Braille Module Using Cam Actuated Mechanism
Authors: Aryan  , E Rajkumar , Doshi Shivam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Less than 3% of 145 million blind people in developing countries at present are literate [1]. At present, in most of the cases, speech output has been the medium for blind people to access materials. For content which require deep understanding such as technical texts etc., it is not an appropriate modality, moreover blind people are more accustomed to braille transcripts and adaptability issues to all audio resources is difficult. And thus, arises the need for a cheap, easily adaptable, less complex solution to the problem. Braille points are varied arrangements of raised dots representing characters which are identified by touch by visually impaired people. Here we discuss in detail, development of a dynamic/refresh-able Braille display which presents Braille points by the up-and-down movement of pins using a completely new, first of its kind, Cam actuated mechanism with just two actuation points instead of a standard 6 used by every single refresh-able braille board in the world at present. Two nested shafts having 8 arrays of precisely calculated and placed cam, each were responsible for keeping the pins in up and down state. The shafts were actuated using two micro-servo motors placed next to each other. X degree rotation of servo after transmission through gear and subsequently shaft resulted in a particular configuration. Henceforth calibration was done so that all braille alphabet could be produced with specific servo rotations.
TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF THE BELL CRANK & BRAKE PEDAL
Authors: Nandanwar Tanmay , Waghela Keyour , Gupta Eshaan , Narendiranath Babu T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Topology Optimization has been an effective tool for weight reduction and performance design and has essential applications in automobile industry. The main objective of this paper is to design a lighter weight bell crank and brake pedal than the existing design which is generally used in the automobile parts. The newly optimized design of bell crank and brake pedal is compared with the existing design. The CAD model of the bell crank and brake pedal is modeled using SOLIDWORKS software and the analysis of the newly optimized model is carried out using the Altair INSPIRE 9.5 . Using the above methodology, a light weight bell crank and brake pedal model is designed and the FEA analysis is used for obtaining the maximum and minimum value of displacement, % of yield, tension/compression, shear stress and von mises stress on the optimized design. The results of the design reflect that the weight of the bell crank has been reduced to 140 grams which is about 24% less weight then the existing design and the optimized weight of the brake pedal is reduced from 363g to 211g.
Analysis Of Low-Velocity Impact Response In Aa5083 Plate
Authors: Sairam V. , Kanna S.Kishor , Kumar P.S.Samuel Ratna 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the low velocity impact performance of AA5083 using ABAQUS software. The impact resistance was measured in terms of depth of indentation created over AA5083. Low-velocity impact results indicates, that the angle of inclination of the impact resisting body have a great influence on the impact resistance properties. The analysis study was carried out for different orientations of the alloy plate with respect to the horizontal datum namely 30°,60°,90° respectively. A Finite Element Method (FEM) model has been developed using ABAQUS software tool to analyse and study the low-velocity impact test on the AA5083 plate. Results from the FEM model reveals that the depth of indentation over AA5083 is minimum when the angle is inclined at 90°.
Design of battery pack & controller for combined auto driven mini-harvester
Authors: Warghane Rahul S , Rajkumar E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The mechanized farming can promisingly increase the profitability and prevent the dependency of farmers on foreign labours. The design and implementation of Battery pack and controller for specially designed combined auto-driven mini harvester is presented in this paper. The mechanical load estimation and its mapping with electrical drives are formulated. The interfacing of electrical drives with remote operation is achieved by Electronic Arduino system. The relay control system is designed with individual drive system. The sketches are mapped with the functionality of drives. The drive selection is a dependant function of mechanical load requirement. The mechanical load estimation is done with actual mechanical failure consideration and design approach. The pin-out connections for all the ports are done on the basis of logical sketch command. The open source Arduino software is used to run the sketches. The sketch written for all the drives is compiled and demo prototype machine is tested for functioning. The run trail is successful and can conclude that the Arduino mega gives the sound interface with 8 channel relay. The computation and measurement results of power requirements for the controller and drive are within the limiting conditions.
Application of active vibration control on single stage spur gear
Authors: Menon Manas Raman , Hariprasad Tanay , Thomas Karun , Vemuluri Ramesh Babu , Darla Siva Prasad , Edwin Sudhagar P , Ashok B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Vibrations in a mechanical system can cause power losses or vibrational fatigue which leads to failure in the material. In the current scenario automotive vehicles majorly use passive vibrational control techniques for vibration attenuation. Passive vibrational control tend to be heavy in nature and can only control frequencies in the range of 100 – 200 Hz. Conversely, active vibrational control is the potential alternative to passive vibrational control, they consist of strain sensor, piezoelectric actuator, a control system and a power amplifier to draw the control actuator. The application of active vibrational control is flourishing due to the demand in critical vibrational control in extreme conditions (underwater, polar, space). This paper provides an overview of the applications of active vibration control on single stage spur gear. The vibrations emitted in a single stage spur gear is optimised by active vibration control.
Europe’s Forgotten Unfinished Revolution: Peasant Power, Social Mobilization, and Communism in the Southern Italian Countryside, 1943–45
Authors: Forlenza Rosario 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Between 1943 and 1945, groups of peasants took over dozens of villages and small towns in southern Italy and proclaimed the birth of independent republics. During their brief existence—sometimes just a few days—the peasant republics implemented revolutionary measures, including the redistribution of land and the establishment of people’s courts. This article draws attention to these forgotten episodes and suggests that they can best be understood by adopting an anthropological perspective and viewing social mobilization through an experiential lens. It draws on court documents and personal accounts to examine the quasi-revolutionary experiences of the southern Italian peasantry. Revolutions in general can be seen as social dramas and political rites of passage in which the successive phases of rupture, liminality, and reaggregation are the distinct stages of a total process that generates a transformation. This approach makes it possible to disentangle the conceptualization of revolutions from structures as well as from ideology, culture, and agency; to comprehend revolutions that unfold unscripted or without the decisive leadership of a vanguard whose ideas and expectations pre-exist the revolution and therefore teleologically determine its development; and to initiate comparative analysis in regard to symbolism, morphology, and the dynamics of social action.
Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Pyronaridine-artesunate in Asymptomatic Malaria-infected Individuals: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dabira Edgard D , Hachizovu Sebastian , Conteh Bakary , Mendy Alieu , Nyang Haddy , Lawal Bolarinde , Ndiath Mamadou Ousmane , Mulenga Joyce M , Mwanza Sydney , Borghini-Fuhrer Isabelle , Arbe-Barnes Sarah , Miller Robert , Shin Jangsik , Duparc Stephan , D’Alessandro Umberto , Manyando Christine , Achan Jane 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) is a registered artemisinin-based combination therapy, potentially useful for mass drug administration campaigns. However, further data are needed to evaluate its efficacy, safety and tolerability as full or incomplete treatment in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum-infected individuals.

Methods
This phase II, multi-center, open label, randomized clinical trial was conducted in The Gambia and Zambia. Participants with microscopically confirmed asymptomatic P. falciparum infection were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive a 3-day, 2-day, or 1-day treatment regimen of PA (180:60 mg), dosed according to bodyweight. The primary efficacy outcome was polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-adjusted adequate parasitological response (APR) at day 28 in the per-protocol population.

Results
A total of 303 participants were randomized. Day 28 PCR-adjusted APR was 100% for both the 3-day (98/98) and 2-day regimens (96/96), and 96.8% (89/94) for the 1-day regimen. Efficacy was maintained at 100% until day 63 for the 3-day and 2-day regimens but declined to 94.4% (84/89) with the 1-day regimen. Adverse event frequency was similar between the 3-day (51.5% [52/101]), 2-day (52.5% [52/99]), and 1-day (54.4% [56/103]) regimens; the majority of adverse events were of grade 1 or 2 severity (85% [136/160]). Asymptomatic, transient increases (&gt;3 times the upper limit of normal) in alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase were observed for 6/301 (2.0%) participants.

Conclusions
PA had high efficacy and good tolerability in asymptomatic P. falciparum-infected individuals, with similar efficacy for the full 3-day and incomplete 2-day regimens. Although good adherence to the 3-day regimen should be encouraged, these results support the further investigation of PA for mass drug administration campaigns.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT03814616.
Azithromycin and Ciprofloxacin Treatment Outcomes During an Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant Shigella sonnei Infections in a Retirement Community—Vermont, 2018
Authors: Gharpure Radhika , Friedman Cindy R , Fialkowski Veronica , Collins Jennifer P , Strysko Jonathan , Marsh Zachary A , Chen Jessica C , Meservey Elizabeth H , Adediran Azizat A , Schroeder Morgan N , Wadhwa Ashutosh , Fullerton Kathleen E , Francois Watkins Louise 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
In 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Vermont Department of Health investigated an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Shigella sonnei infections in a retirement community that offered a continuum of care from independent living through skilled nursing care. The investigation identified 24 culture-confirmed cases. Isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and ceftriaxone, and had decreased susceptibility to azithromycin and ciprofloxacin.

Methods
To evaluate clinical and microbiologic response, we reviewed inpatient and outpatient medical records for treatment outcomes among the 24 patients with culture-confirmed S. sonnei infection. We defined clinical failure as diarrhea (≥3 loose stools per day) for ≥1 day after treatment finished, and microbiologic failure as a stool culture that yielded S. sonnei after treatment finished. We used broth microdilution to perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole genome sequencing to identify resistance mechanisms.

Results
Isolates contained macrolide resistance genes mph(A) and erm(B) and had azithromycin minimum inhibitory concentrations above the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute epidemiological cutoff value of ≤16 µg/mL. Among 24 patients with culture-confirmed Shigella infection, 4 were treated with azithromycin; all had clinical treatment failure and 2 also had microbiologic treatment failure. Isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin but contained a gyrA mutation; 2 patients failed treatment with ciprofloxacin.

Conclusions
These azithromycin treatment failures demonstrate the importance of clinical breakpoints to aid clinicians in identifying alternative treatment options for resistant strains. Additionally, these treatment failures highlight a need for comprehensive susceptibility testing and systematic outcome studies, particularly given the emergence of multidrug-resistant Shigella among an expanding range of patient populations.
The Keynes Plan and Bretton Woods debates: the early radical criticisms by Balogh, Schumacher and Kalecki
Authors: Faudot Adrien 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe prestige of John Maynard Keynes, as well as the smart design of his plan, made the proposal for an International Clearing Union particularly worthy of interest when it was released. Economists with orthodox views on international adjustment criticised the plan, but less well known criticisms also came from within Keynesian circles. Several economists in J. M. Keynes’ professional milieu provided comments and asked for amendments to the draft plan in order to improve his scheme for the clearing union. This paper analyses the published responses of Ernst F. Schumacher, Thomas Balogh and Michal Kalecki to the Keynes Plan. These authors provide early, radical criticisms of his plan, targeting the sustainability and efficiency of the proposed international monetary reform.