bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defect Engineering of Bi2SeO2 Thermoelectrics
Authors: Novitskii Andrei , Toriyama Michael Y. , Serhiienko Illia , Mori Takao , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Gorai Prashun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBi2SeO2 is a promising n‐type semiconductor to pair with p‐type BiCuSeO in a thermoelectric (TE) device. The TE figure of merit zT and, therefore, the device efficiency must be optimized by tuning the carrier concentration. However, electron concentrations in self‐doped n‐type Bi2SeO2 span several orders of magnitude, even in samples with the same nominal compositions. Such unsystematic variations in the electron concentration have a thermodynamic origin related to the variations in native defect concentrations. In this study, first‐principles calculations are used to show that the selenium vacancy, which is the source of n‐type conductivity in Bi2SeO2, varies by 1–2 orders of magnitude depending on the thermodynamic conditions. It is predicted that the electron concentration can be enhanced by synthesizing under more Se‐poor conditions and/or at higher solid‐state reaction temperatures (TSSR), which promote the formation of selenium vacancies without introducing extrinsic dopants. The computational predictions are validated through solid‐state synthesis of Bi2SeO2. More than two orders of magnitude increase are observed in the electron concentration simply by adjusting the synthesis conditions. Additionally, a significant effect of grain boundary scattering on the electron mobility in Bi2SeO2 is revealed, which can also be controlled by adjusting TSSR. By simultaneously optimizing the electron concentration and mobility, a zT of ≈0.2 is achieved at 773 K for self‐doped n‐type Bi2SeO2. The study highlights the need for careful control of thermodynamic growth conditions and demonstrates TE performance improvement by varying synthesis parameters according to thermodynamic guidelines.
Aligned Fiber Induced Laser‐Driven Bamboo Diffuser Enabling Highly Directional Illumination Applications
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Lei , Meng Yuan , Chen Xueqi , Chang Liang , Guo Wenjing , Wang Yuchen , Tang Qiheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDirectional optical diffusers provide customizable spatial intensity light distributions and have potential applications in next‐generation directional lighting devices. The manufacturing procedures for directional lighting devices suffer from insufficient directionality, complex manufacturing conditions, and unsustainability. Herein, bamboo is processed directly into a directional laser‐driven bamboo diffuser (LDBD) by delignification and subsequent impregnation with a polymer (poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate and epoxy acrylate) with a mismatched refractive index. The LDBD shows a distinctly elliptical directional light distribution under laser irradiation. Then, a bright, efficient, and tunable white directional lighting from Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG: Ce)‐added LDBDs is obtained by regulating the power of a 450 nm laser and YAG: Ce concentration. Optimal white lighting by the LDBD is obtained at a power of 400 mW and 1% YAG: Ce concentration. This provides standard white CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates (0.33, 0.33), suitable correlated color temperature (5406 K), and high color rendering index (81.2%). Furthermore, the optimized bamboo diffuser exhibits satisfactory mechanical properties, as well as long‐term thermal and water resistance. Due to the unique materials design and facile fabrication strategy, LDBD shows promise for optical fiber‐guided, non‐contact, long‐distance, undersea, and other highly directional laser lighting applications.
Interface Stable Kinetics Triggered by Interfacial Built‐In Electric Field in Solid‐State Sodium‐Metal Battery
Authors: Yang Dongrong , Guan Qiye , Wang Baowen , Zhang Da , Ren Kun , Zhou Huangkai , Li Xiaoyu , Zhou Yingjie , Cai Yongqing , Liu Pan , Zhao Lanqing , Hou Minjie , Yang Bin , Xue Dongfeng , Liang Feng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolid‐state sodium‐metal batteries (SSSBs) have emerged as a potential next‐generation energy storage technology due to their abundant resource, high energy density, and safety. However, the uncontrolled Na dendrite growth and low charging/discharging rate pose a severe constraint on their practical applications. Herein, high interfacial sodium‐ion diffusion performance and interface stability of Na anode are achieved in SSSBs by designing an interfacial built‐in electric field (IBEF) driven by a laminated hybrid solid electrolyte with a mixed‐ion/electron‐conducting layer. The electrochemical characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that IBEF effectively improves interfacial sodium‐ion diffusion by reinforcing electron delocalization and decreasing Na+ transfer energy barrier. Furthermore, finite element simulation and experiments indicate that the IBEF endows a uniform interfacial charge distribution and Na deposition during plating/stripping. The IBEF boosts the cyclability of solid‐state symmetric cells, enabling ultralong cycle life over 26 400 cycles at 0.1 mA cm−2, the Na/Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) full cells display a remarkable capacity retention of 97.4% after 1500 cycles at 2.0 C and stable charging/discharging even at −20 °C. Na/NVP pouch cells exhibit a capacity of 65.7 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles under 0.19 mA g−1.
A Novel Aliphatic Ketone‐Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte with High Salt‐Soluble Ability Enabling Highly Stable Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Jiang Yuchen , Wujieti Baerlike , Liu Yu , Zeng Qinghui , Li Zhenfeng , Guan Jiazhu , Wang Honghao , Chen Lin , Cao Yong , Li Rongzheng , Zhou Yajuan , Zhou Henghui , Cui Wei , Zhang Liaoyun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLow room temperature ionic conductivity and interfacial incompatibility are the key factors that hinder the practical application of solid polymer electrolyte (SPEs) in lithium metal batteries. Increasing the ability of the SPEs to dissolve and dissociate lithium salt is helpful to enhance ion transport capacity of the SPEs. Herein, ketone groups with high solubility and dissociation ability of lithium salt are introduced into the structural design of SPE, an aliphatic ketone solid polymer electrolyte (KT@SPE) with crosslinking structure is prepared by ultraviolet (UV) polymerization. The prepared KT@SPE shows excellent viscoelastic and possess room temperature ionic conductivity of 10−4 S cm−1 with 200 wt% lithium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)azanide (LiTFSI). Thanks to the contribution of high ion transport capacity, construction of multi‐hydrogen bonds network structure of KT@SPE and a wettability of controlling residual dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent to the interface, the assembled symmetrical Li cell realizes stable cycling for over 2000 h at 0.15 mA cm−2. Moreover, LiFePO4 cell achieves stable long cycle at 5C and enable Li/KT@SPE3/LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4 cell operates at 4.4 V. This work not only provides a design strategy for preparing novel solid polymer electrolytes, but also exhibits the excellent application potential of aliphatic ketone‐based polymer electrolyte in solid‐state lithium batteries at high current density and high voltage.
Atomically Dispersed Dual Metal Sites Anchored Catalyst Enables Photothermally Augmented Catalytic Oxidation for Biocatalytic Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wang Lulu , Nan Jin , Zhang Jingyi , Du Chengjuan , Xiang Huijing , Chen Yu , Zhang Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) can maximize atomic utilization efficiency and construct highly active catalytic sites for biomedical applications. Herein, atomically dispersed iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co) dual sites anchored N‐doped graphene carbon (FeCoCN) catalyst is rationally constructed to achieve photothermally augmented catalytic oxidation for effective biocatalytic tumor nanotherapy. Compared with Fe SAzyme, FeCoCN SAzyme can significantly accelerate the charge transfer and improve the activity of catalytic reactions. Co‐doping optimizes coordination structure and charge redistribution by facilitating the ratio of Fe2+ and regulating charge transfer between different metal sites and nearby coordination atoms. Bimetallic FeCoCN SAzyme possessed an ultra‐high affinity for substrate H2O2, and the catalytic kinetic Km value (0.589 mm) is superior to natural catalase and most reported nanozymes. The boosted catalytic activity in producing •OH is identified by density functional theory (DFT) studies. In vivo, investigation demonstrates that atomically dispersed Fe and Co dual sites anchored FeCoCN SAzyme significantly suppresses tumor proliferation under NIR laser irradiation by photothermally enhanced catalytic oxidation. Additionally, Fe‐ and Co‐doping in FeCoCN make it suitable as a tracer for T2 magnetic resonance imaging. This work provides a paradigm to rationally design bimetallic SAzymes with enhanced biocatalytic performance for tumor treatment.
Pinning the Surface Layered Oxide Structure in High Temperature Calcination Using Conformal Atomic Layer Deposition Coating for Fast Charging Cathode
Authors: Cai Xincan , Yan Pu , Xie Tianye , Wu Yifan , Zheng Caihong , Shang Rongliang , Yin Shuaishuai , Zhang Yue , Zheng Fan , Liu Xuerong , Xie Jin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the solid‐state synthesis of layered oxides, achieving cathode powder with precise morphology, crystal structure, and surface properties demands a delicate balance between thermodynamics and kinetics. Elevated temperatures are indispensable for driving the reaction toward completion, facilitating the formation of ordered layered structures essential for efficient lithium‐ion transportation in Li‐ion batteries. However, high temperatures risk inducing Li/Ni mixing and rock‐salt formation, particularly pronounced in layered oxides rich in Ni content, detrimentally impacting their performance. To address this challenge, the approach involves a precisely designed conformal coating with a high affinity for oxygen atoms, strategically employed to pin the surface layered oxide structure even under elevated temperatures. By preventing undesired surface decomposition during the high‐temperature lithiation process, this innovation fosters the formation of well‐ordered layered structures on the surface. Consequently, this pioneering strategy substantially mitigated phase separation during high‐rate cycling, thereby unlocking exceptional rate capability and cycle stability in layered oxide cathodes. The strategy establishes a new pathway for synthesizing next‐generation, high‐power density battery materials.
Controllable Synthesis of Se Microwires and Mixed‐Dimensional Se/MoS2 Vertical Heterostructures for Nonlinear Optical Applications
Authors: Ma Xinrui , Wang Kaiyi , Fan Chen , Li Xuanbang , Hao Yulong , Zhou Jie , Lu Xuemei , Shu Ting , Miao Lili , Li Jin , Hao Guolin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSelenium (Se), as a typical elemental semiconductor, has garnered significant attention due to its excellent carrier mobility, outstanding photoconductivity, and broad spectral response. However, Se micro‐ and nanostructures exhibit inherently low nonlinear optical coefficients, necessitating substantial enhancement of their nonlinear optical properties. In this study, trigonal Se (t‐Se) microwires (MWs) and t‐Se/MoS2 mixed‐dimensional vertical heterostructures are synthesized using the atmospheric pressure vapor phase deposition method. the influence of precursor concentration on the growth of t‐Se MWs is systematically investigated, and computational fluid dynamics simulations are employed to elucidate the growth mechanism. Open‐aperture Z‐scan measurements reveal that the nonlinear optical properties of t‐Se/MoS2 mixed‐dimensional vertical heterostructures are significantly enhanced compared to those of t‐Se MWs and monolayer MoS2 nanosheets. First‐principles calculations based on density functional theory, along with surface potential measurements indicate that effective charge transfer across the interfaces of the vertical heterostructures is critical for enhancing their nonlinear optical properties. This study provides valuable insights into the development of next‐generation nonlinear optical materials and advanced devices.
Wavelength Tunable Second Harmonic Generation from Photonic Crystal Vertical Cavities
Authors: Bai Lu , Qu Lun , Wu Wei , Gu Zhidong , Liu Weiye , Zhao Xueqian , Wang Lishuan , Cai Wei , Liu Huasong , Ren Mengxin , Xu Jingjun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFlexible wavelength tunability is a critical specification for second‐harmonic generation (SHG) light sources. In the evolving landscape of future technologies, the photonic crystal (PhC) vertical cavity emerges as a promising platform for developing ultracompact SHG devices. However, the reduced size of PhC vertical cavities necessitates a departure from conventional tuning methodologies rooted in traditional phase‐matching frameworks. In this study, an SHG tuning strategy is presented that exploits the relationship between the resonance properties of the cavity and its SHG response. By systematically adjusting the incident angle of fundamental light, we demonstrate the precise tuning of cavity resonance, consequently tuning the SHG conversion efficiency spectra across a spectral bandwidth of about 30 nm. This research contributes to profound understanding of the physical process for flexible wavelength tunability at the nanoscale beyond conventional phase‐matching frameworks, offering insights for the development of tunable SHG sources in integrated photonics and nanoscale optical devices.
Photo‐Sensitive Bi‐Doped TiO2 Nanocrystals with Reversible Single and Multimode Color Transformations for Rewritable Printing
Authors: Wen Zeyulong , Yang Xiaoli , Macharia Daniel K. , Feng Qingyang , Lv Hanhan , Wen Mei , Yu Nuo , Chen Zhigang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe integration of intrinsic chromism with catalytic reactions in semiconductor/redox‐driven light‐responsive color switching systems (LRCSs) can realize multimode color transitions, but such systems are unreported due to a lack of synergy and background color effect. Here, polyol‐capped Bi‐doped TiO2 nanocatalysts with reversible intrinsic chromism are designed for the catalytic transformation of redox‐sensitive dyes. The photo‐induced transformation of Bi‐doped TiO2 nanocrystals leads to instantaneous reduction of Bi3+/Ti4+ to Bi0/Ti3+ species, resulting in intrinsic chromic transitions that can be reversed by photooxidation. The combination of photo‐sensitive Bi‐doped TiO2 nanocrystals with redox‐sensitive dyes and polymer substrates can realize rewritable films with multimode color transitions. Exposure of these films to 365 nm light activates cascaded reactions enabled by polyol molecules, leading to effective carrier separation and partial reduction of Bi3+/Ti4+ species. The reductive electrons react with the dyes culminating in their rapid decoloration. The reverse color transition can be achieved by 808 nm light irradiation in air, which activates the photooxidation process. The rewritable films have good cyclability and reversibility (>30 cycles). This work gives new perspectives into integrating chromism and secondary catalytic reactions for reversible printing for time‐sensitive information storage which can be implemented in light‐activated rewritable media and sensors.
Viral‐Mediated Connexin 26 Expression Combined with Dexamethasone Rescues Hearing in a Conditional Gjb2 Null Mice Model
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Zhang Li , Chen Sen , Xie Le , Qiu Yue , Kong Chenyang , Yin Ge , Kong Weijia , Sun Yu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGJB2 encodes connexin 26 (Cx26), the most commonly mutated gene causing hereditary non‐syndromic hearing loss. Cx26 is mainly expressed in supporting cells (SCs) and fibrocytes in the mammalian cochlea. Gene therapy is currently considered the most promising strategy for eradicating genetic diseases. However, there have been no significant effects of gene therapy for GJB2 gene mutation‐associated deafness because deficiency of Cx26 leads to expanded sensory epithelial damage. In this study, the AAV2.7m8 serotype combined with the gfaABC1D promoter targeted infection of SCs is identified. It is found that Gjb2 gene replacement therapy in wild‐type mice results in sensory hair cells (HCs) deficits, excessive inflammatory responses, and hearing loss. This may be one of the key factors contributing to the hardship of GJB2 gene replacement therapy. Dexamethasone (DEX) shows promising results in inhibiting macrophage recruitment, with a protective effect against HC damage. Further, the combination of AAV2.7m8‐Gjb2 with DEX shows a synergistic effect and enhances the gene therapy effect in a conditional Cx26 null mice model. These results indicate that the combination of gene therapy and medication will provide a new strategy for the treatment of hereditary deafness associated with GJB2 defects.
Low‐Cost Intrinsic Flame‐Retardant Bio‐Based High Performance Polyurethane and its Application in Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Yan Xixian , Zeng Fanglei , Zhang Hao , Li Peiyao , Zhang Haiyang , Li Ning , Guan Qingbao , You Zhengwei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFlammability is a significant challenge in polymer‐based electronics. In this regard, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have enabled a safe means for harvesting mechanical energy for conversion into electrical energy. However, most existing polymers used for TENGs are sourced from petroleum‐based raw materials and are highly flammable, which can further accelerate the spread of fire and harm the ecological environment. In addition, the existing intrinsic flame‐retardant TENGs are not elastic at room temperature, which may potentially damage the flexible equipment and harm firefighters. This study presents an intrinsic flame‐retardant bio‐based elastic phytic acid polyurethane (PUPA) synthesized using a simple and efficient one‐pot polycondensation. The cross‐linked structure and polar phosphorus‐containing segments of PUPA are fabricated into PUPA‐TENG, demonstrating a superior elasticity (elongation up to 660%), flame retardancy (UL94 V‐0), impact resistance (34.71 MJ m−3), and dielectric constant (Dk = 9.57). Consequently, this study provides a simple strategy for tailoring TENGs toward environmentally friendly and secure power generators and electronics, which can effectively reduce fire hazards and potentially be applied to other fire‐risk fields such as personal protection, firefighting, and new energy.
Terahertz‐Wave Polarization Space‐Division Multiplexing Meta‐Devices based on Spin‐Decoupled Phase Control
Authors: Xu Yuehong , Takida Yuma , Suzuki Tetsu , Minamide Hiroaki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study presents a generalized design strategy for novel terahertz‐wave polarization space‐division multiplexing meta‐devices, functioning as multi‐polarization generators, modulators, and analyzers. It introduces the spin‐decoupled phase control method by combining gradient phase design with circular polarization multiplexing techniques, enabling exceptional flexibility in controlling the polarization directions and spatial distributions of multiple output beams. The meta‐device M‐4D is significantly demonstrated as proof of concept, which converts an incident linearly polarized wave into four beams with distinct polarization angles. Additionally, the advanced meta‐devices M‐2B and M‐4B are designed to generate two‐vector and four‐vector Bessel beams with tunable spatial polarization distributions. These meta‐devices demonstrate dynamic multi‐polarization beam modulation, validated through simulations and experiments. The proposed method significantly expands the design methodology for multi‐beam polarization control using all‐dielectric metasurfaces and holds promising potential for applications in imaging, sensing, particle manipulation, communication, and information processing. Moreover, it holds potential for adaptation to other spectral ranges.
Bio‐inspired Catalyst‐Modified Photocathode for Bias‐Free Photoelectrochemical NADH Regeneration
Authors: Zhao Ziqi , Wu Yizhou , Liu Chang , Li Yingzheng , Gong Chen , Ning Hongxia , Zhang Peili , Li Fei , Sun Licheng , Li Fusheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCofactors such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and its phosphorylated form (NADPH) play a crucial role in natural enzyme‐catalyzed reactions for the synthesis of chemicals. However, the stoichiometric supply of NADH for artificial synthetic processes is uneconomical. Here, inspired by the process of cofactor NADPH regeneration in photosystem I (PSI), catalyst‐modified photocathodes are constructed on the surface of polythiophene‐based semiconductors (PTTH) via self‐assembly for photoelectrochemical catalytic NADH regeneration. With the assistance of viologen (vi2+) electron transfer mediators (similar function as Ferredoxin in PSI) linked to the [Rh(Cp*)(bpy)] catalyst, the Rh‐vi2+@PTTH photocathode exhibits higher photocurrent density (−665 µA cm−2) with a high apparent turnover frequency (TOF, 168.4 h−1) under a relatively positive potential (0.0 V vs RHE). In addition, through holistic functional mimics of the photosystem, a tandem photoelectrochemical cell is constructed by assembling a CoPi@BiVO4 photoanode (artificial photosystem II, PSII) with the Rh‐vi2+@PTTH photocathode. This system achieves a production rate of 42.5 µm h−1 cm−2 and a TOF of 179.3 h−1 without an externally applied bias for NADH regeneration. The photo‐generated NADH is directly employed to assist glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in the catalytic conversion of α‐ketoglutarate to L‐glutamate. This study presents a novel strategic approach for constructing bias‐free photoelectrochemical NADH regeneration systems.
Emergence, growth, and quality of Calycophyllum spruceanum plants produced in different containers and substrates
Authors: Guerra‐Arévalo Wilson Francisco , Cercado‐Delgado José Roy , Espinoza‐García Héctor Francisco , Ucañay‐Ayllon Tatiana Mildred , García‐Soria Diego Gonzalo , Abanto‐Rodríguez Carlos , Castillo‐Torres Dennis del , Freitas‐Alvarado Luis Ernesto , Díaz‐Soria Rossana , Guerra‐Arévalo Héctor 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe growing demand for Calycophyllum spruceanum is causing strong pressure on natural populations due to anthropogenic activities. For this reason, it is urgent to develop propagation technologies and production of plants for reforestation activities and establishment of forest plantations for their use and conservation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different substrates and containers on the emergence and growth of C. spruceanum. For this purpose, two experiments were conducted. In the first, four substrates were tested to evaluate seedling emergence, while in the second, the growth and quality of plants in different containers and substrates were determined. The maximum emergence values of 62.3%, emergency speed index (ESI) of 2.2, and mean emergence time of 29.9 were determined using a combination of carbonized rice husk (CRH), chicken manure, and decomposed sawdust in a 1:1:1 ratio. The combination of the plastic bag container with CRH and poultry manure in a 1:1 ratio. Substrate gave the best results for total dry biomass (27.40), lignification index (0.19), robustness index (5.56), and Dickson's quality index (3.26). Therefore, the use of CRH, poultry manure, and decomposed sawdust in a 1:1:1 ratio is recommended for seedling emergence. Similarly, the use of a plastic bag‐type container and the substrate CRH and chicken manure in a 1:1 ratio is recommended for the production of C. spruceanum plants.