bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Expression of Recombinant Chitosanase by Co-expression of
Hac1p in the Yeast Pichia pastoris
Authors: Han Minghai , Wang Weixian , Gong Xun , Zhou Jianli , Xu Cunbin , Li Yinfeng 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Pichia pastoris is one of the most popular eukaryotic hosts for producing
heterologous proteins, while increasing the secretion of target proteins is still a top priority for their
application in industrial fields. Recently, the research effort to enhance protein production has focused
on up-regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR).

Objective:
We evaluated the effects of activated UPR via Hac1p co-expression with the promoter
AOX1 (PAOX1) or GAP (PGAP) on the expression of recombinant chitosanase (rCBS) in P. pastoris.

Method:
The DNA sequence encoding the chitosanase was chemically synthesized and cloned into
pPICZαA, and the resulting pPICZαA/rCBS was transformed into P. pastoris for expressing rCBS.
The P. pastorisHAC1i cDNA was chemically synthesized and cloned into pPIC3.5K to give
pPIC3.5K/Hac1p. The HAC1i cDNA was cloned into PGAPZB and then inserted with the HIS4
gene from pAO815 to construct the vector PGAPZB/Hac1p/HIS4. For co-expression of Hac1p, the
two plasmids pPIC3.5K/Hac1p and PGAPZB/Hac1p/HIS4 were transformed into P. pastoris harboring
the CBS gene. The rCBS was assessed based on chitosanase activity and analyzed by SDSPAGE.
The enhanced Kar2p was detected with western blotting to evaluate UPR.

Results:
Hac1p co-expression with PAOX1 enhanced rCBS secretion by 41% at 28°C. Although
the level of UPR resulting from Hac1p co-expression with PAOX1 was equivalent to that with
PGAP in terms of the quantity of Kar2p (a hallmark of the UPR), substitution of PGAP for PAOX1
further increased rCBS production by 21%. The methanol-utilizing phenotype of P. pastoris did
not affect rCBS secretion with or without co-expression of Hac1p. Finally, Hac1p co-expression
with PAOX1 or PGAP promoted rCBS secretion from 22 to 30°C and raised the optimum induction
temperature.

Conclusion:
The study indicated that Hac1p co-expression with PAOX1 or PGAP is an effective
strategy to trigger UPR of P. pastoris and a feasible means for improving the production of rCBS
therein.
An Overview on Functional and Structural Properties of Monomeric and
Multimeric β-Thymosin in Invertebrates
Authors: Gao Lili , Huang Mujie , Deng Hongkuan , Pang Qiuxiang 
Published: November 2021

:
β-thymosin 4 (Tβ4) is a prototypical actin-monomer sequestering protein that plays an
important role in mammalian cells and tissues. In vertebrates, Tβ4 is involved in various physiological
and pathophysiological processes, such as angiogenesis, hair follicle and hair regeneration, nervous
system development, inflammatory response, wound healing, tumour metastasis, and liver
and heart protection. Additionally, thymosin domain-containing protein was discovered in invertebrates
and was recently shown to be more homologous to Tβ4. However, the structural and functional
properties are more complex and diverse than those of Tβ4. In this review article, we will discuss
in detail the structural and functional aspects of β-thymosin in invertebrates.
Thymoquinone Lipid Nanoparticles Cut the Gordian Knots of Depression via Neuroprotective
BDNF and Downregulation of Neuro-inflammatory NF-κB, IL-6, and
TNF-α in LPS Treated Rats
Authors: Alam Mahtab , Javed Md. Noushad , Najmi Abul Kalam , Ahmad Farhan Jalees , Imam Syed Sarim , Akhtar Mohd 
Published: November 2021

Background:
In over 300 million clinical cases, antidepressant drugs seem to provide only symptomatic
relief and limited protection in life-threatening depressive events.

Objective:
To compare neuronal-signaling mechanism and neuroprotective roles of Thymoquinone (TQ) suspension
and its SLN (TQSLN) against standard antidepressant drug fluoxetine.

Methods:
This research investigated in-silico docking at NF-KB p50 active site, CLSM based gut permeation,
screening of antidepressant activities and neurosignaling pathways involved.

Results:
As compared to fluoxetine, TQ reporteda significantly better docking score (-6.83 v/s -6.22) and a better
lower free binding energy of (-34.715 Kcal/mol v/s -28.537 Kcal/mol). While poorly oral bioavailable and P-gp
substrate TQ reported approximately 250% higher gut permeation if delivered as TQSLN formulation. In locomotor
studies, as compared to TQS, TQSLN favored more prominent (p< 0.010) elevation in average time, horizontalactivity,
average-velocity, and total-movement with reduced rest time LPS treated groups. However, in the tail suspension
test, TQSLN significantly reduced immobility time (p<0.010). Similarly, In the modified force swimming
test, TQSLN also significantly reduced immobility time (p<0.010), but swimming time (p<0.010) and climbing time
(p<0.050) were significantly elevated. Subsequently, TQSLN reported significantly elevated neuroprotective BDNF
(p<0.010) as well as hippocampal 5HT/TRP; accompanied with reduced levels of hippocampal inflammatory markers
TNF-α (p<0.001) and IL-6 (p<0.010) as well as lower kynurenine and tryptophan ratio (KYN/TRP). Similarly,
the hippocampal CA1 region further revealed TQSL more predominantly attenuated NF-kB nuclear translocation in
the brain.

Conclusion:
Despite the poor bioavailability of TQ, TQSLN potentially attenuates neuroinflammatory transmitters
and favors BDNF to modulate depressive neurobehavioral states.
High-resolution MD Simulation Studies to Get Mechanistic Insights into the Urea-induced Denaturation of Human Sphingosine Kinase 1
Authors: Khan Faez Iqbal , Ali Shahid , Chen Wenjing , Anjum Farah , Shafie Alaa , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Lai Dakun 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPhK1) is a crucial signaling enzyme involved in
cell proliferation, cellular survival, stimulation of angiogenesis, and apoptosis prevention. Recently,
we have reported the unfolding kinetics of SPhK1 using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation,
circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy. We found that SPhK1 showed a biphasic unfolding
with an intermediate state (~ 4.0 M urea).

Objective:
We aim to understand the impact of MD simulation duration on the structure, function,
and dynamics of proteins. In order to get deeper insights into the folding mechanism, an extended
MD simulation is required.

Method:
Here, we extended the MD simulations time scale from 100 to 300 ns on SPhK1 at increasing
urea concentration to explore structural changes in the SPhK1.

Results:
The results suggested a constant form of the unfolding of SPhK1 upon extending the simulation
time scale at different urea concentrations. Furthermore, we showed step by step unfolding
and percentage of secondary structure contents in SPhK1 under the influence of urea at each concentration.

Conclusion:
The results from the current work revealed a uniform pattern of the SPhK1 unfolding
at different urea concentrations. This study provides deeper mechanistic insights into the urea-induced
denaturation of SPhK1.
Ovine COX-1 Isoenzyme Bio-production
Authors: Perrone Maria Grazia , Scilimati Antonio , Miciaccia Morena , Iaselli Mariaclara , Ferorelli Savina , Loguercio Polosa Paola 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Recent findings enlightened the pivotal role of cyclooxygenases-1 and -2
(COX-1 and COX-2) in human diseases with inflammation as the committed earliest stage, such as
cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. COXs are the main targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs and catalyze the bis-oxygenation of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin PGH2, then converted
into prostaglandins, thromboxane, and prostacyclin by tissue-specific isomerases. A remarkable
amount of pure COX-1 is necessary to investigate COX-1 structure and function, as well as for in vitro
disease biochemical pathway investigations.

Methods:
Spodoptera frugiperda cells were infected with Baculovirus that revealed to be an efficient
expression system to obtain a high amount of ovine(o)COX-1. Protein solubilization time in the presence
of a non-ionic detergent was modified, and a second purification step was introduced.

Results and Discussion:
An improvement of a previously reported method for pure recombinant
oCOX-1 production and isolation has been achieved, leading to a lower starting volume of infected
cells for each purification, an increased cell density, an increased number of viral particles per cell,
and a shortened infection period. The protocol for the recombinant oCOX-1 expression and purification
has been in-depth elaborated to obtain 1 mg/L of protein.

Conclusion:
The optimized procedure could be suitable for producing other membrane proteins as
well, for which an improvement in the solubilization step is necessary to have the availability of high
concentration proteins.
Characteristics of Mobile Health Platforms for Depression and Anxiety: Content Analysis Through a Systematic Review of the Literature and Systematic Search of Two App Stores
Authors: Leong Qiao Ying , Sridhar Shreya , Blasiak Agata , Tadeo Xavier , Yeo GeckHong , Remus Alexandria , Ho Dean 
Published: November 2021

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) platforms show promise in the management of mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression. This has resulted in an abundance of mHealth platforms available for research or commercial use.

Objective
The objective of this review is to characterize the current state of mHealth platforms designed for anxiety or depression that are available for research, commercial use, or both.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted using a two-pronged approach: searching relevant literature with prespecified search terms to identify platforms in published research and simultaneously searching 2 major app stores—Google Play Store and Apple App Store—to identify commercially available platforms. Key characteristics of the mHealth platforms were synthesized, such as platform name, targeted condition, targeted group, purpose, technology type, intervention type, commercial availability, and regulatory information.

Results
The literature and app store searches yielded 169 and 179 mHealth platforms, respectively. Most platforms developed for research purposes were designed for depression (116/169, 68.6%), whereas the app store search reported a higher number of platforms developed for anxiety (Android: 58/179, 32.4%; iOS: 27/179, 15.1%). The most common purpose of platforms in both searches was treatment (literature search: 122/169, 72.2%; app store search: 129/179, 72.1%). With regard to the types of intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy and referral to care or counseling emerged as the most popular options offered by the platforms identified in the literature and app store searches, respectively. Most platforms from both searches did not have a specific target age group. In addition, most platforms found in app stores lacked clinical and real-world evidence, and a small number of platforms found in the published research were available commercially.

Conclusions
A considerable number of mHealth platforms designed for anxiety or depression are available for research, commercial use, or both. The characteristics of these mHealth platforms greatly vary. Future efforts should focus on assessing the quality—utility, safety, and effectiveness—of the existing platforms and providing developers, from both commercial and research sectors, a reporting guideline for their platform description and a regulatory framework to facilitate the development, validation, and deployment of effective mHealth platforms.
MANAGING PLACENTA ACCRETA SPECTRUM IN LOW RESOURCE SETTING USING A NOVEL DISSECTION-FREE AORTA CLAMP: OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE
Authors: Paily Vakkanal , Sidhik Afshana , Raj Raji , Sudhamma Ajithakumari , Joseph Joshy , Usha M.G , George Raymond , Ramakrishnan Soumya , Cheriyan Sara , John Teena , Pradeep Manu 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Surgical management of Placenta accreta spectrum
(PAS) is associated with profuse bleeding and increased risk of
operative injury to the adherent pelvic structures. We propose the use
of a novel aorta clamp that can occlude the abdominal aorta, without
retro-peritoneal dissection, thereby making it easy for the obstetrician
to use it. limiting the incident blood loss.
Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 33 women, with
varying grades of histopathology confirmed PAS, who were managed as an
elective or emergency procedure in a tertiary center in India. In all
cases, the novel Paily Aorta Clamp (PAC) was applied just above the
bifurcation of the abdominal aorta.
Results: Twenty-nine women with advanced grades of PAS,
underwent sub-total hysterectomies while four women with low grade
(focal) PAS underwent a conservative procedure. The procedures were
associated with median estimated intra-operative blood loss of 1000 ±
1500 ml with only 51.5% (n = 17) requiring any blood transfusions. PAC
was applied for a median 55 ± 20 minutes and was not associated with any
peri-operative aortic wall injury or distal thromboembolic phenomenon.
Conclusion: Aortic clamping is feasible without retroperitoneal
dissection using the PAC, which can be used to limit operative blood
loss and surgical morbidity in PAS disorders.
Ethnomathematics: Modelling the volume of solid of revolution at Buginese and Makassarese traditional foods
Authors: Busrah Zulfiqar , Pathuddin Hikmawati 
Published: November 2021

Ethnomathematics can empirically improve the cognitive abilities of students in elementary and secondary schools. However, in undergraduate study, there are still limited studies on integrating ethnomathematics in learning resources. This study aims to apply interpolation in modelling polynomial functions and integral volume on the shape of Buginese and Makassarese traditional foods. Furthermore, it can be used by students as relevant learning resources regarding interpolation and the concept of volume of solid of revolution (VOSR). This is a qualitative study using an ethnographic approach. The data were collected through observations to obtain general information, interviews with informants to find out food-making techniques, and documentation to obtain physical models of each type of food. Data Analysis Techniques consist of the domain analysis to obtain an overview of Buginese and Makassarese traditional foods and the taxonomic analysis to categorize mathematical concepts obtained from the modeling and simulation. The result of this research reveals that lammang is suitable with the slabs. It can be represented as constant functions that revolved around the x-axis or the y-axis. While paso, bolu cukke, and cantik manis as well as barongko batara, Putu, and cucuru can be outlined in linear functions rotating about the x-axis, y-axis, or others fixed-line. They meet the criteria of the disks method. However, they are described in the function of polynomials of n-degree. The use of washers can be described in the model of blundered and sarang semut with a hole in the middle caused by the intersection of two curves rotated about the x-axis or the y-axis. For shells, the model can be applied to determine the cover volume of the cover of pisang ijo flour and onde-onde. Thus, all types of traditional foods in this study can be appropriate objects for a learning resource in modelling the VOSR.
Task design and analysis of English reading teaching from the perspective of Activity Theory
Authors: Chen Meng , Alterazi Hassan A. , Lavin Noel Martin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
From the perspective of Activity Theory (AT), this paper analyses the author's task-based teaching practice of English journal and newspaper reading and adopts a qualitative study approach to examine the influence of task design on students’ reading competence development. The tasks are designed mainly in the form of group work, highlighting the students as the subject and the regulating role of mediating artefacts, community, rules and division of labour. The data of students’ reflection journals, reading reports and group work records show that after the training of a series of tasks for eight units, students’ ability in reading English newspapers has been greatly developed, and they are also more confident in speaking and writing.
Evaluation of Sleep Architecture Using 24-hour Polysomnography in Patients Recovering from Critical Illness in an Intensive Care Unit and High Dependency Unit: A Longitudinal, Prospective, and Observational Study
Authors: Prajapat Brijesh , Gupta Nitesh , Chaudhry Dhruva , Santini Ario , Sandhya AS 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background and objective
The sleep architecture of critically ill patients being treated in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and High Dependency Units (HDU) is frequently unsettled and inadequate both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study aimed to investigate and elucidate factors influencing sleep architecture and quality in ICU and HDU in a limited resource setting with financial constraints, lacking human resources and technology for routine monitoring of noise, light and sleep promotion strategies in ICU.

Methods
The study was longitudinal, prospective, hospital-based, analytic, and observational. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) pre hospitalisation scores were recorded. Patients underwent 24-hour polysomnography (PSG) with the simultaneous monitoring of noise and light in their environments. Patients stabilised in ICU were transferred to HDU, where the 24-hour PSG with the simultaneous monitoring of noise and light in their environments was repeated. Following PSG, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) was employed to rate patients’ sleep in both the ICU and HDU.

Results
Of 46 screened patients, 26 patients were treated in the ICU and then transferred to the HDU. The mean (SD) of the study population’s mean (SD) age was 35.96 (11.6) years with a predominantly male population (53.2% (n=14)). The mean (SD) of the ISI and ESS scores were 6.88 (2.58) and 4.92 (1.99), respectively. The comparative analysis of PSG data recording from the ICU and HDU showed a statistically significant reduction in N1, N2 and an increase in N3 stages of sleep (p<0.05). Mean (SD) of RCSQ in the ICU and the HDU were 54.65 (7.70) and 60.19 (10.85) (p-value = 0.04) respectively. The disease severity (APACHE II) has a weak correlation with the arousal index but failed to reach statistical significance (coeff= 0.347, p= 0.083).

Conclusion
Sleep in ICU is disturbed and persisting during the recovery period in critically ill. However, during recovery, sleep architecture shows signs of restoration.
Трансформация мужского костюма белорусcкой шляхты с жупаном
Authors: А.А. Барвенова 
Published: November 2021

В эпоху Ренессанса произошла эволюция жупана: из военной одежды эпохи Средневековья он стал главным компонентом парадного костюма белорусского шляхтича. В статье предложены шесть основных причин появления репрезентативного мужского костюма с жупаном в ХVI в. Перечислено, почему костюм с жупаном господствовал в Беларуси до середины ХIХ в., приобретал богатые компоненты, в первую очередь слуцкий пояс, распространялся от магнатерии и шляхты к городской знати и мещанам. Одновременно с этим во время войн и восстаний ХVII–XIX вв. костюм с жупаном оставался военной одеждой. Показаны наиболее значимые археологические находки слуцких поясов.
The Renaissance period saw an evolution of zupan; this item of military costume worn during the medieval times became the main item of ceremonial dress of Belorussian szlachta. The paper provides six main reasons why the ceremonial male attire that included a zupan appeared in the 16th century. The author explains why such attire with a zupan prevailed in Belorussia until the middle of the 19th century, acquiring colorful components, first of all, a Slutsk belt, and was accepted as the main garment item, first, by the magnates and the szlachta, and, subsequently, by city nobility and lower middle class. The military also wore garments with zupans throughout wars and rebellions of the 17th–19th centuries. The most important archaeological finds of Slutsk belts are described.
КЕРАМИЧЕСКИЕ ФИМИАТЕРИИ ИЗ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО КРЫМА И КУЛЬТ НИМФ В СЕВЕРНОМ ПРИЧЕРНОМОРЬЕ
Authors: Е.А. Попова 
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена анализу памятников, свидетельствующих о наличии культа нимф у населения Северного Причерноморья III в. до н. э. – первых веков н. э. Два миниатюрных алтарика с позднескифских городищ «Чайка» (рис. 1) и К ара-Тобе (рис. 2) воспроизводят сюжет хоровода нимф. Рельефы с Боспора с тем же сюжетом отличаются от них более реалистическим стилем изображения (рис. 3, 1). Миниатюрный вотивный рельеф из Херсонеса демонстрирует крайнюю степень примитивизации изображения этого сюжета (рис. 3, 2). Столь различные по стилю и времени воспроизведения одного и того же сюжета свидетельствуют об устойчивости его в религиозных представлениях населения Северного Причерноморья. Присутствие этого сюжета на алтариках, происходящих с так называемых позднескифских памятников, еще раз свидетельствует о значительной эллинизации населения Северо-Западного Крыма позднеэллинистического времени.
The paper reviews the sites, which provide evidence of the cult of nymphs among the population of the North Black Sea coastal area in the 3rd century Bc – first centuries AD. Two diminutive altars from chaika (Fig. 1) and Kara-Tobe (Fig. 2), which are Late Scythian settlements, reproduce a motif of nymphs’ circle dance. For comparison, reliefs from Bosporus with the same motif are noted for a more realistic style of representation (Fig. 3, 1). A diminutive votive relief from chersonese demonstrates an extreme degree of primitivism in representation of this motif (Fig. 3, 2). These reproductions of the same motif, so distinct in style and the period when it was depicted, demonstrate its stability in religious concepts of the population living in the North Black Sea coastal area. The presence of this motif on small altars coming from the so-called Late Scythian sites is another manifestation of a high level of Hellenization of the Northwest crimea in the Late Hellenistic period.
К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИИ ПОЯСНЫХ НАКЛАДОК СО СЦЕНОЙ ОХОТЫ ИЗ СИБИРСКОЙ КОЛЛЕКЦИИ ПЕТРА I
Authors: В.Е. Маслов 
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена анализу изображения со сценой охоты на парных золотых поясных накладках из Сибирской коллекции Петра I. На основании изобразительных параллелей предлагается китайская версия происхождении этих накладок, которые по изображенным реалиям относятся к западноханьскому периоду.
The paper analyzes images featuring hunting scenes on paired gold belt mounts from the Siberian Collection of Peter I. Based on figurative parallels, it proposes a Chinese version of the origin of these mounts, which, as the analysis of the depicted scenes demonstrates, are referred to the Western Han period.