bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Likeness-making and the evolution of cognition
Authors: Greif Hajo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPaleontological evidence suggests that human artefacts with intentional markings might have originated already in the Lower Paleolithic, up to 500.000 years ago and well before the advent of ‘behavioural modernity’. These markings apparently did not serve instrumental, tool-like functions, nor do they appear to be forms of figurative art. Instead, they display abstract geometric patterns that potentially testify to an emerging ability of symbol use. In a variation on Ian Hacking’s speculative account of the possible role of “likeness-making” in the evolution of human cognition and language, this essay explores the central role that the embodied processes of making and the collective practices of using such artefacts might have played in early human cognitive evolution. Two paradigmatic findings of Lower Paleolithic artefacts are discussed as tentative evidence of likenesses acting as material scaffolds in the emergence of symbolic reference-making. They might provide the link between basic abilities of mimesis and imitation and the development of modern language and thought.
Methods to Study the Myenteric Plexus of Rat Small Intestine
Authors: Hecking Ines , Stegemann Lennart Norman , Stahlke Sarah , Theis Verena , Vorgerd Matthias , Matschke Veronika , Theiss Carsten 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe close interaction between the enteric nervous system, microbiome, and brain in vertebrates is an emerging topic of recent studies. Different species such as rat, mouse, and human are currently being used for this purpose, among others. The transferability of protocols for tissue isolation and sample collection is not always straightforward. Thus, the present work presents a new protocol for isolation and sample collection of rat myenteric plexus cells for in vivo as well as in vitro studies. With the methods and chemicals described in detail, a wide variety of investigations can be performed with regard to normal physiological as well as pathological processes in the postnatal developing enteric nervous system. The fast and efficient preparation of the intestine as the first step is particularly important. We have developed and described a LIENS chamber to obtain optimal tissue quality during intestinal freezing. Cryosections of the flat, snap-frozen intestine can then be prepared for histological examination of the various wall layers of the intestine, e.g. by immunohistochemistry. In addition, these cryosections are suitable for the preparation of defined regions, as shown here using the ganglia of the mesenteric plexus. This specific tissue was obtained by laser microdissection, making the presented methodology also suitable for subsequent analyses that require high quality (specificity) of the samples. Furthermore, we present here a fully modernized protocol for the cultivation of myenteric neurons from the rat intestine, which is suitable for a variety of in vitro studies.
Dramaturgical self-efficacy and opportunity structures for white-collar crime
Authors: Engdahl Oskar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPerceived self-efficacy is often held to be the most focal mechanism of human agency. It has shown strong potential to explain action in multiple areas highly relevant to understanding crime, at least when the concept is formulated in close connection with the conditions that characterize the criminal acts it is supposed to explain. This article introduces the concept in the context of white-collar crime. To advance our understanding of how opportunities for such crime work, self-efficacy is defined with regard to one’s ability to control others’ impression of financially relevant information, or what is calleddramaturgical self-efficacy. The presentation of this concept and its various elements is illustrated with contemporary empirical cases of white-collar crime and is preceded by a discussion of how opportunity structures and perceived self-efficacy have been understood in previous research relevant to the field. The article also discusses how the concept can be further developed with regard to the relationship between motivation and opportunity for white-collar crime.
Asymptotic Self-Similarity of Minimizers and Local Bounds in a Model of Shape-Memory Alloys
Authors: Conti Sergio , Diermeier Johannes , Koser Melanie , Zwicknagl Barbara 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe prove that microstructures in shape-memory alloys have a self-similar refinement pattern close to austenite-martensite interfaces, working within the scalar Kohn-Müller model. The latter is based on nonlinear elasticity and includes a singular perturbation representing the energy of the interfaces between martensitic variants. Our results include the case of low-hysteresis materials in which one variant has a small volume fraction. Precisely, we prove asymptotic self-similarity in the sense of strong convergence of blow-ups around points at the austenite-martensite interface. Key ingredients in the proof are pointwise estimates and local energy bounds. This generalizes previous results by one of us to various boundary conditions, arbitrary rectangular domains, and arbitrary volume fractions of the martensitic variants, including the regime in which the energy scales as $\varepsilon ^{2/3}$

ε

2
/
3

as well as the one where the energy scales as $\varepsilon ^{1/2}$

ε

1
/
2

.
Nfatc1’s Role in Mammary Epithelial Morphogenesis and Basal Stem/progenitor Cell Self-renewal
Authors: McNeil Melissa , Han Yingying , Sun Peng , Watanabe Kazuhide , Jiang Jun , Chen Natasha , Yu Zhengquan , Zhou Bin , Dai Xing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMammary gland is an outstanding system to study the regulatory mechanisms governing adult epithelial stem cell activity. Stem cells in the basal layer of the mammary gland fuel the morphogenesis and regeneration of a complex epithelial network during development and upon transplantation. The self-renewal of basal stem/progenitor cells is subjected to regulation by both cell-intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Nfatc1 is a transcription factor that regulates breast tumorigenesis and metastasis, but its role in mammary epithelial development and stem cell function has not been investigated. Here we show that Nfatc1 is expressed in a small subset of mammary basal epithelial cells and its epithelial-specific deletion results in mild defects in side branching and basal-luminal cell balance. Moreover, Nfatc1-deficient basal cells exhibit reduced colony forming ability in vitro and somewhat compromised regenerative potential upon transplantation. Thus, our study provides evidence for a detectable yet non-essential role of Nfatc1 in mammary epithelial morphogenesis and basal stem/progenitor cell self-renewal.
Novel insights into adipose tissue heterogeneity
Authors: Wang Tongtong , Sharma Anand Kumar , Wolfrum Christian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhen normalized to volume, adipose tissue is comprised mainly of large lipid metabolizing and storing cells called adipocytes. Strikingly, the numerical representation of non-adipocytes, composed of a wide variety of cell types found in the so-called stromal vascular fraction (SVF), outnumber adipocytes by far. Besides its function in energy storage, adipose tissue has emerged as a versatile organ that regulates systemic metabolism and has therefore constituted an attractive target for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Recent high-resolution single cells/nucleus RNA seq data exemplify an intriguingly profound diversity of both adipocytes and SVF cells in all adipose depots, and the current data, while limited, demonstrate the significance of the intra-tissue cell composition in shaping the overall functionality of this tissue. Due to the complexity of adipose tissue, our understanding of the biological relevance of this heterogeneity and plasticity is fractional. Therefore, establishing atlases of adipose tissue cell heterogeneity is the first step towards generating an understanding of these functionalities. In this review, we will describe the current knowledge on adipose tissue cell composition and the heterogeneity of single-cell RNA sequencing, including the technical limitations.
Das Potenzial Positiver Psychologie in der Arbeitswelt
Authors: Lobbe Carmen Elisabeth , Reinke Kathrin 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Wohlbefinden von Mitarbeitenden ist ein entscheidender Einflussfaktor für diverse organisationale Erfolgsgrößen wie Arbeitsleistung oder -zufriedenheit. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob und durch welche Wirkmechanismen Interventionen der Positiven Psychologie das Wohlbefinden in Arbeitnehmerstichproben erhöhen und organisationale Ergebnisgrößen beeinflussen können. Die Studienergebnisse unter Einbezug bisheriger Forschung legen nahe, dass Positive Interventionen bei langfristiger Anwendung das Potenzial haben, Wohlbefinden und persönliche Ressourcen von Beschäftigten zu steigern. Implikationen für die Praxis werden diskutiert.
The impact of family socioeconomic status on prosocial behavior: a survey of college students in China
Authors: Bian Fang , Wu Diming 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCollege students’ prosocial behaviors have been shown to help them to attain honor, achieve happiness, and improve their social adaptation. This study was designed to examine the mediating roles of parent-child attachment and emotion regulation self-efficacy in the relationship between family socioeconomic status and prosocial behaviors. A survey was conducted among 458 college students randomly selected from six universities in two Chinese provinces characterized by a medium level of higher education development. The model was verified by structural equation modeling and mediation effect testing methods. The study revealed that family socioeconomic status had a positive effect on parent-child attachment and emotion regulation self-efficacy, but had no direct effect on the students’ prosocial behavior. Moreover, parent-child attachment and emotional regulation self-efficacy both mediated the influence of family socioeconomic status on the prosocial behavior of college students. Finally, family socioeconomic status affected the prosocial behavior of college students through the chain of parent-child attachment and emotional self-efficacy.
Does Enhancing Paid Maternity Leave Policy Help Promote Gender Equality? Evidence from 31 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Chai Yan , Ríos-Salas Vanessa , Stek Pam , Heymann Jody 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGlobally, women continue to have less economic decision-making power and face gender-unequal norms at work. Little is known about the impact of national public policies on norms surrounding equality. We examined the impact of extending paid maternity leave policy on decision making in the household and gender norms in the workplace, specifically whether women have sole or joint decision-making power with respect to large household purchases and whether women are perceived as having an equal right to jobs when jobs are scarce. We used difference-in-differences models to analyze the impact of increasing paid maternity leave on outcomes measured in the Demographic Health Surveys and World Values Surveys collected in 31 low- and middle-income countries. A one-month increase in the legislated duration of paid maternity leave increased the odds that women and their partners/spouses reported that women had more decision-making power by 40% (95% CI 1.14, 1.70) and 66% (95% CI 1.36, 2.03), respectively. A one-month increase in the legislated duration of paid maternity leave was associated with 41.5 percentage-point increase in the prevalence of individuals disagreeing with the statement that “when jobs are scarce, men should have more right to a job than women.” More generous maternity leave increases gender equality in economic decision making in the household and improves gender norms related to work. Future studies should examine the impact of paternity leave and non-discrimination policy, as well as other large-scale policies aiming to improve gender equality at work and at home.
Machen Parteien in der Umweltpolitik einen Unterschied?
Authors: Töller Annette Elisabeth 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Parteiendifferenztheorie nimmt an, dass sich die parteipolitische Zusammensetzung der Regierung systematisch auf die beschlossenen Policies auswirken sollte. Als eine der wichtigsten Theorien der Policyforschung ist sie auch für eine policyanalytisch geprägte Umweltpolitikforschung von zentraler Bedeutung. Allerdings wirft ihre Anwendung auf die Umweltpolitik eine Reihe von Problemen auf. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt zunächst die Wurzeln und Grundannahmen der Parteiendifferenztheorie vor und identifiziert dann wichtige Problemfelder ihrer Anwendung auf die Umweltpolitik. Das größte Problem besteht darin, dass der Kernkonflikt der Umweltpolitik, der Konflikt zwischen Ökonomie und Ökologie, anders als Kernkonflikte in anderen Politikfeldern nicht ohne Weiteres auf der Rechts-Links-Achse abzubilden ist und sich daher im Parteiensystem nicht eindeutig niederschlägt (Cleavage-Problem). Daraus resultiert auch im Hinblick auf die empirischen Studien eine recht uneinheitliche Lage, was das Bestehen oder Nichtbestehen von systematischen Parteieneffekten in der Umweltpolitik betrifft (Empirie-Problem). Ein weiteres Problem besteht darin, dass Studien zur Parteiendifferenz in der Umweltpolitik häufig die Umweltqualität oder -performanz (und nicht politische Maßnahmen) als abhängige Variable verwenden, während deren Zusammenhang mit politischen Maßnahmen (Policies) häufig ungeklärt bleibt („Dependent Variable“-Problem). Schließlich stellt sich auch bei einer Anwendung der Parteiendifferenztheorie auf die Umweltpolitik das Problem der singulären Kausalität, das in der (oft fraglichen) Annahme besteht, dass Parteipolitik alleine Resultate erklären könne. Der Beitrag diskutiert diese Probleme und präsentiert Lösungen auf konzeptioneller, theoretischer und methodischer Ebene.
Mineral Chemistry and Geothermobarometry of Amphibolite-Granulite Facies Basement Rocks Concealed Below Deccan Volcanic Covered 1993 Killari Earthquake Region, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Tripathi Priyanka , Sachan H.K. , Rajagopalan V. , Pandey O.P. , Dwivedi Sujeet Kumar , Parthasarathy G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A detailed mineral chemistry and geothermobarometry of the Deccan volcanic covered Neoarchean crystalline basement rocks is presented, pierced by KLR-1 borehole, drilled in the Killari region of Maharashtra, which was a site of major earthquake disaster in 1993, killing almost 10,000 people. The present study provides unequivocal evidence that the entire drilled basement is mainly made up of tonalite/granodiorite and amphibolite/granulite. They contain hornblende, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, biotites and minor orthopyroxene, apart from accessories like ilmenite, magnetite, pyrite, titanite, zoisite, clinozoisite and epidote. Compositionally, amphibole conform to ferropargasite, magnesiohastingsite, ferro-edenite and edenite. Similarly, the clinopyroxenes correspond to diopside and orthopyroxenes to clino-enstatite. Further, biotites are found to be magnesium and iron-rich, while feldspars correspond mainly to albite and orthoclase. Bulk rock chemistry and mineral chemistry of amphibole and biotites indicate calc-alkaline nature of the rock associated with high oxygen fugacity, that may have been formed in subduction zone related environments as evidenced by geochemical data and tectonic discrimination diagrams. Geothermobarometric studies carried out on amphibolite and granulite, indicate that the underlying basement was subjected to metamorphic temperatures between 540 and 860°C and pressure, 5 to 7 kb, corresponding to 15-21 km depth. Petrographically, these rocks appear deformed, retrogressed and metasomatized by halogen-rich mantle-derived CO2 and brought to the surface by continued geodynamic process of uplift and erosion, even before the onset of Deccan volcanism.
Stratigraphy and Paleoenvironmental Analysis of Offshore Gulf of Cambay, Western India
Authors: Govindan Abiraman , Chidambaram L. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive study on sub-surface sedimentation of the post-trappean Paleogene and Neogene sequence recorded in the offshore Gulf of Cambay is presented. The distribution of microfauna and skeletal remains that are recorded in five well sites is based on the study of 425 samples of this offshore basin. This study is aimed for bringing out a biozonal scheme and analyse the depositional setting of the section which witnessed a periodic episode of fluvial and marine depositional conditions as evidenced by the faunal and floral record. Pronounced stratigraphical breaks in the sedimentation is indicated.
A major outcome of this result shows a close correlation of these biostratigraphic and depositional settings of sequence in this offshore basin with that of onland south Cambay basin particularly the Broach Jambusar to Narmada Tapti block.
Demarcation of Coastal Dune Morphology and Dune Patterns using Geospatial Models: A Case Study from Manapad Coastal Stretch, Tamil Nadu, South India
Authors: Durai Praveenraj , Sarunjith K.J. , Bhaskar Aparna S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Coastal sand dunes are the dynamic depositional landform which are formed near the coast, due to aeolian activity. Coastal sand dune acts as a natural barrier against coastal erosion hence its periodic monitoring is essential. Modification of this landform due to anthropogenic activities was observed in the coastal stretch towards the south of Tamil Nadu, even though these dune ecosystems were meant to be conserved and preserved in the coastal zone regulation notification. Present study, focuses on finding key techniques required to demarcate the morphological parameters such as ridge line, crest portion, toe, dune orientation, and its pattern from the open source ALOS World 3D (AW3D) DEM for periodic monitoring of coastal dune ecosystems. Topographic models such as hill shading, slope, aspect, curvature, and hybrid techniques were performed. The outcomes obtained from topographic models were validated with spatial profiling and field survey. From the study it is observed that, hybrid techniques particularly slope overlaid on hill shade, slope, gaussian stretched hill shade image, and spatial profiling are the key techniques to bring out the morphological variations and the parabolic dune patterns, which were hitherto not reported in earlier literatures. Gaussian stretched hill shade image enhanced the micro landforms which were difficult to extract from normal hill shading. The slope image of the study is found to be more informative in exhibiting the minor dunes and patterns compared to shaded relief image. The ridge portion of the dune, crest and limb portion and coastal plains were differentiated based on the slope value ranges. The hybrid image formed by overlaying slope and curvature data on hill-shaded image is more informative in providing most of the parabolic patterns formed by micro and meso scale dunes. Spatial profile could be used as an additional tool to validate the information’s derived from topographic models, wherever there is limitation in field accessibility.
Geochemical Studies of some Heavy Metals’ Toxicity in Groundwater with their Plausible Sources around Gondwana Supergroup, Wardha Valley Coalfields, Maharashtra
Authors: Ganvir P.S. , Guhey Rajeeva 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The study is designed for groundwater assessment in terms of some sorted heavy metals’ toxicity and their probable source in Wardha valley coalfields, Maharashtra. For both seasons, 45 groundwater samples were collected separately to assess Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn by AAS. Among them, 22 were found contaminated as per BIS (2012) concerning Cd, Fe, Ni and Pb. The major contributors in both seasons were Fe, Zn, Cu and Al. The PCA study has shown sound relationships among Fe-Ni, Cd-Ni, and Al-Cu-Zn. The contamination intensities in various samples indicates that the mining region as a prime cause. The Kamthi and Barakar formations in the study area were considered as a contamination source. The significant role of lower pH environment in enhanced contamination was revealed in the correlation analysis. Accordingly, the probability of acid mine drainage was supposed. The EPMA and SEM-EDS/X studies reveal the presence of sulphide phases in Barakar Formation and sulphur in associated carboniferous strata confirming the source of lower pH. Accordingly, the acid mine drainage was anticipated to be responsible for heavy metals’ dissolution and migration to groundwater in mining areas.
Hiemalora stellaris from Ediacaran Sonia Sandstone of Jodhpur Group of Marwar Supergroup, Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: Parihar V.S. , Hukmaram  , Kumar Pawan , Khichi C.P. , Harsh Anshul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present study reports and discusses discoidal Ediacaran body fossils identified as Hiemalora stellaris from the Sonia Sandstone of Jodhpur Group, Marwar Supergroup, Western Rajasthan, India. These are preserved as positive relief on the yellowish-brown to pinkish-brown medium to fine-grained sandstone bedding surfaces in Sursagar area. Morphologically, these are circular to sub-circular, mostly flat-discoidal forms or discs surrounded by numerous radiating arms or appendages resembling tentacles. Hiemalora is reinterpreted and reconstructed as discoidal hold fast of benthic organism but not found the attached fronds or stem-like structures of the hold fasts in the present materials. The systematic palaeontology, palaeobiology, palaeoenvironment and age of the Hiemalora bearing Ediacaran Sonia Sandstone have been also discussed.
Prioritization of All Blocks in Districts of the Jaipur Division with Investigation of Factors Affecting Significant Trends in GWLs
Authors: Phulpagar Sanju R. , Kale Ganesh D. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Urbanization and population growth resulted in the depletion of groundwater (GW) in the Rajasthan. According to Central Ground Water Board (2019), groundwater level (GWL) decline was observed in eastern part of the Rajasthan. The Jaipur division is situated in the eastern part of the Rajasthan. For effective GW resource usage and planning of GW management strategies, trend analyses in GWLs, rainfall and mean temperature (TEMP) of all blocks in districts of the Jaipur division, Rajasthan is carried out for four seasons over the period of 1994 to 2018. For trend analyses autocorrelation plot, Mann-Kendall (MK), MK with block bootstrapping test, sequential MK test, Sen’s slope test, innovative trend analysis plot and smoothing curve are used. Prioritization of all blocks in the districts of the Jaipur division is also carried out on the basis of trend analyses of GWLs. Form the current study, it is found that, there is significant decrease in GW in most of the blocks of the Jaipur division corresponding to all four seasons. Also, most of the blocks in the Jaipur division have shown increase in mean TEMP and decrease in rainfall corresponding to all four seasons. In addition, stages of GW extraction percentages are found to be more than 100% in most of the blocks in the Jaipur division, Rajasthan. From the aforesaid results, it can be concluded that, GW is decreasing due to increasing TEMP, decreasing rainfall and over exploitation of GW in most of the blocks in the Jaipur division, Rajasthan.