bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sub-acute and sub-chronic administration of Vicia faba's cooking medium containing EDTA on hepato-renal functions in albino mice
Authors: El-Naggar Sabry Ali , Elwan Mona , Kabil Doaa Ibrahim , Zidan Abdelaziz , El-Said Karim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To decrease the Vicia faba beans cooking time, some chefs added ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) during the cooking process. This study addressed the effect of sub-acute and chronic administrations of faba bean's cooking media containing EDTA (C.M./EDTA) on hepato-renal functions in mice. Ninety male mice were divided into three groups (n = 30). The group 1 (Gp1) divided into Gp1a and Gp1b, both were served as control for sub-acute and sub-chronic treatments. Gp2 divided into Gp2a and Gp2b then administered with 200 µl of C.M. for 15 and 90 days, respectively. Gp3 divided into Gp3a and Gp3b then administered 200 µl of C.M./EDTA (10 mg/kg) for 15 and 90 days, respectively. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological alterations were investigated. The results showed that sub-acute administration of C.M./EDTA did not show any signs of toxicity, however, sub-chronic administration showed substantial toxicity evidenced by alterations in some biochemical and histological investigations.
Passive mode-locking and terahertz frequency comb generation in resonant-tunneling-diode oscillator
Authors: Hiraoka Tomoki , Inose Yuta , Arikawa Takashi , Ito Hiroshi , Tanaka Koichiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Optical frequency combs in the terahertz frequency range are long-awaited frequency standards for spectroscopy of molecules and high-speed communications. However, a terahertz frequency comb based on a compact, efficient and room-temperature-operating device remains unavailable especially in the frequency range of 0.1 to 3 THz. In this paper, we show that the resonant-tunneling-diode oscillator can be passively mode-locked by optical feedback and generate a terahertz frequency comb. The standard deviation of the spacing between the comb lines, i.e., the repetition frequency, is reduced to less than 420 mHz by applying external bias modulation. A simulation model successfully reproduces the mode-locking behavior by including the nonlinear capacitance of RTD and multiple optical feedback. Since the mode-locked RTD oscillator is a simple semiconductor device that operates at room temperature and covers the frequency range of 0.1 to 3 THz, it can be used as a frequency standard for future terahertz sensing and communications.
Synchronized Agricultural Credit and Diversification Adoption to Catastrophic Risk Manage for Wheat Production in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Dilshad , Afzal Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Catastrophic risks caused severe affects on agricultural production particularly in developing countries due to consecutive occurrence of unfavorable climate events. Farmers adopt risk management strategies to minimize marketing, production and financial risks in agriculture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential association and implementing synchronized agricultural credit and diversification adoption to catastrophic risk manage for wheat production in Punjab, Pakistan. This study used stratified random sampling technique for collecting data of 480 wheat farmers’ respondents from production based categorized six districts of Punjab Pakistan. Multinomial and bivariate probit regression models were used in the study to examine the effects of farm and social feathers, disastrous risks farmers view and their attitude to sources of risk moreover potential relationship in agricultural credit and diversification as risk management strategy. Estimates of the study indicated the association in risk management strategies adoption while adopting single risk management strategy motivates farmers to adopt another strategy at same time. Furthermore, findings also indicated as farmer schooling, age, family return, ownership of land, farm size and farmer risk oppose character were highlighted the most influenced features for adopting various risk management strategies. Policy makers and state based authorities can be assisted by the accumulated information of multinomial and bivariate probit regression models in evaluating plans of risk management and willingness of farmer in accept government supported risk managing strategies in incidence of traditional practices for managing farmhouse risk.
Coherent interfaces with mixed hybridization govern direct transformation from graphite to diamond
Authors: Zhao Zhisheng , Luo Kun , Liu Bing , Hu Wentao , Dong Xiao , Wang Yanbin , Huang Quan , Gao Yufei , Sun Lei , Wu Yingju , Zhang Yang , Ma Mengdong , Zhou Xiang-Feng , He Julong , Yu Dongli , Liu Zhongyuan , Xu Bo , Tian Yongjun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Understanding the direct transformation from graphite to diamond has been a long-standing challenge with great scientific and practical importance. Previously proposed transformation mechanisms1-3, based on traditional experimental observations that lacked atomistic resolution, cannot account for the complex nanostructures occurring at graphite-diamond interfaces during the transformation4,5. Here, we report the identification of coherent graphite-diamond interfaces constituted with four structural motifs in partially transformed graphite samples recovered from static compression, using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope. These observations provide vital insight into possible pathways of the transformation. Theoretical calculations confirm that transformation through these coherent interfaces is energetically favored to those through other paths previously proposed1-3. The graphite-to-diamond transformation is governed by the formation of nanoscale coherent interfaces (diamond nucleation), which, under static compression, advance to consume the remaining graphite (diamond growth). These results also shed light on transformation mechanisms of other carbon materials and boron nitride under different synthetic conditions.
Scarcity of Major Resistance Genes Against Verticillium Dahliae
Authors: Vermeulen Jasper P. , Hanika Katharina , Thomma Bart P.H.J. , Bai Yuling , Schouten Henk J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes vascular wilt disease in numerous plant species. The only described qualitative resistances against V. dahliae are the Ve1 gene and the V2 locus in tomato. These resistances have been overcome by virulent strains. We tried to identify additional resistances. Out of the methods we tested, comparing the canopy area of V. dahliae-inoculated plants with mock-inoculated plants yielded the best discriminative power in resistance tests. Out of six wild tomato accessions that were previously reported to possess some resistance, Solanum pimpinellifolium G1.1596 and S. cheesmanii G1.1615 displayed the lowest stunting and the least colonization by V. dahliae. Recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were developed of both populations. No QTLs were identified in the G1.1596 RIL population. In the G1.1615 population, four small-effect QTLs were associated with reduced stunting. Many studies in other hosts also failed to discover major resistance genes against V. dahliae. We hypothesize that the scarcity of major resistance genes against V. dahliae is caused by its endophytic behaviour in nature. The limited damage in nature would not lead to evolutionary pressure to evolve major resistances. However, in agriculture V. dahliae can behave more pathogenic, leading to serious damage.
Sex differences in two international guidelines for assessing obstructive coronary artery disease in symptomatic outpatients by coronary computed tomographic angiography
Authors: Tan Yahang , Wang Zhe , Xin Qian , Li Na , Liu Fang , Xu Qiaoyu , Chen Mulei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Low-risk individuals are unlikely to benefit from noninvasive testing, and women tend to have a lower prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). This study compared the performance of two current guidelines that differ by sex to assess stable chest pain outpatients, including symptom-based (2016 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE) and risk-based strategies (2019 European Society of Cardiology, ESC).
Methods

A total of 542 men and women outpatients referred for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) at a single-centre were retrospectively included in this study. A risk assessment was calculated for each outpatient according to the NICE and ESC guidelines. Patients were classified into low-risk and high-risk groups according to each strategy. The presence of obstructive coronary artery disease was the endpoint. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) was used to assess the performance of the two strategies.
Results

The 2016 NICE guidelines classified 29.39% of women and 34.60% of men into the low-risk group. The 2019 ESC guidelines classified 55.56% of women and 28.14% of men into the low-risk group. The 2019 ESC guidelines had a higher predictive value for coronary artery disease compared to the 2016 NICE guidelines, with a positive NRI in men (15.55%) and women (36.59%) respectively.
Conclusion

The 2019 ESC guidelines offered a more accurate calculation of risk assessment than the 2016 NICE guidelines. Patient sex influenced applying the recent ESC guidelines, which would result in a significant decrease in inappropriate testing of women but an increase in appropriate noninvasive testing of men.
Health-Related Quality of Life Assessment in Iranian Hemophilia Patients (Single Center); A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Golpayegani Mohammad Reza , Foroughi-Gilvaee Mohammad Reza , Tohidi Mohammad Reza , Faranoush Pooya , Kakery Fariba , Sadighnia Negin , Zandi Afsoon , Zandi Ashkan , Mousavi-Kiasary S.Mohamad Sadegh , Safaei Zahra , Faranoush Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Hemophilia affects the patients′ life in many aspects. The major concerns are restriction on physical activities, life-threatening bleeding, arthropathy, etc., and worsening mental issues like anxiety. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life in hemophilia patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 147 patients with hemophilia had been referred to special patients′ clinic at Kermanshah province (IRAN) for comprehensive medical care services. The patients who met the criteria of this study were selected using counting sampling method and were assessed with the quality of life in hemophilia patients′ questionnaire (A36 Hemofilia-QoL® questionnaire).Results: Out of 147 patients with hemophilia, 139 were male and 8 were female. The mean age of the subjects was 25.85±15.54 years. The results demonstrate that the total score of 65 patients (44.2%) had poor quality, 60 patients (40.8%) had moderate quality and 22 patients (15.0%) had good quality of life. Although there was no significant correlation between hemophilia A & B with health-related quality of life, there was a good connection between age, gender, level of education, and the severity of disease with health-related quality of life. Conclusion: According to the low quality of life in relation to health in hemophilia patients, different interventions should be administrated to increase health-related quality of life in these patients.
A Recombinant Adenoviral Vector With a Specific Tropism to CD4-positive Cells: a New Tool for HIV-1 Inhibition
Authors: Behmardi Abtin , Farazmandfar Touraj 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Gene therapy can be an option to overcoming the side effects of chemotherapy and preventing the development of drug-resistant HIV viruses in HIV-infected patients. The need to develop a safe and efficient vector for gene transfer is always necessary and an appropriate option might be adenovirus (Ad). the use of Ad vectors in the gene delivery applications is limited due to the semi-specific tropism. A strategy to overcome this tropism limitation may be the modification of fiber protein domain involved in the viral binding to cells. Therefore, we designed an Ad5 vector with a specific tropism to CD4+ cells containing an expression system limited to HIV-infected cells. We replaced the knob region of Ad5 fiber protein with the extracellular region of HIV-1 envelope. We also used a specific Tat-inducible promoter to express two anti-HIV-1 shRNAs. Tropism of recombinant Ad5 was assayed by comparison of shRNA expression level in CEM and PBMC cells (as CD4+ cells) and HEK293 cells (as CD4- cells). HIV-1 inhibition was assayed by determination of p24 antigen in the HIV-infected CEM cells transduced with the recombinant Ad5 vector. Our results showed that shRNA expression was significantly higher in CEM and PBMC cells than HEK293 cells when were transduced with recombinant Ad5 vector. This new Ad5 vector also inhibited HIV-1 proliferation in a Tat-inducible manner. Our new recombinant Ad5 vector has a specific tropism to CD4-positive cells that can effectively suppress the HIV-1 replication.
Successful endovascular treatment for acute renal artery occlusion
Authors: Li Hai-Lei , CHAN Yiu Che , GUO Zongjin , ZHOU Ruming , CHENG Stephen W 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: We report a case of revascularization for a totally occluded renal artery using endovascular renal thrombus aspiration followed by catheter-directed thrombolysis.Case Report: A 56 years old man presented with sudden onset of severe left-sided abdominal and loin pain for six hours. Urgent computed tomography angiogram showed total occlusion of left renal artery. Emergency selective left renal angiogram and thrombus aspiration using a 5-French Cobra catheter was performed. Catheter-directed thrombolysis with urokinase was initiated after aspiration thrombectomy. Angiogram 24 hours after thrombolysis showed the left renal artery and its segmental branches were successfully revascularized. Patient was on anticoagulation after operation and his renal function recovered well.Conclusion: Percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy combined with intra-arterial local fibrinolysis are effective in the salvage of renal function.
Frailty and its Association with Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Cancer Patients: An Evidence-Based Study from China
Authors: Su Mingzhu , Yao Nengliang , Shang Meimei , Shen Yuzhen , Qin Tingting , Wang Jialin , Sun Xiaojie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background There is limited information about the population characteristics and adverse health outcomes of older cancer patients in China. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of frailty and examine the association between frailty and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among older cancer patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving older patients diagnosed with cancer in two tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province, China. Frailty was assessed using Geriatric 8 (G-8). HRQoL was measured using the five-level EuroQol-5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. The Tobit regression model and logistic regression model was used to identify the relationship between frailty and HRQoL.Results Of the 229 older patients, 175 (76.4%) were frail. Frail patients had lower EQ-5D-5L utility scores than those who were non-frail (0.830 vs 0.889; P=0.004). After adjustments for sociodemographic and cancer-related variables, frailty was statistically associated with worse health-related quality of life (OR=6.024; P=0.001).Conclusion Frailty was associated with deteriorated HRQoL in older patients with cancer. Early frailty screening and preventive interventions are essential for improving quality of life through decision-making or pretreatment optimization in geriatric oncology.
RNN- and CNN-based weed detection for crop improvement: An overview
Authors: Jabir Brahim , Rabhi Loubna , Falih Noureddine 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Deep learning is a modern technique for image processing and data analysis with promising results and great potential. Successfully applied in various fields, it has recently entered the field of agriculture to address such agricultural problems as disease identification, fruit/plant classification, fruit counting, pest identification, and weed detection. The latter was the subject of our work. Weeds are harmful plants that grow in crops, competing for things like sunlight and water and causing crop yield losses. Traditional data processing techniques have several limitations and consume a lot of time. Therefore, we aimed to take inventory of deep learning networks used in agriculture and conduct experiments to reveal the most efficient ones for weed control.
Study objects and methods. We used new advanced algorithms based on deep learning to process data in real time with high precision and efficiency. These algorithms were trained on a dataset containing real images of weeds taken from Moroccan fields.
Results and discussion. The analysis of deep learning methods and algorithms trained to detect weeds showed that the Convolutional Neural Network is the most widely used in agriculture and the most efficient in weed detection compared to others, such as the Recurrent Neural Network.
Conclusion. Since the Convolutional Neural Network demonstrated excellent accuracy in weed detection, we adopted it in building a smart system for detecting weeds and spraying them in place.
Choline intake effects on psychophysiological indicators of students in the pre-exam period
Authors: Tarasova Olga , Ivanov Vadim , Luzgarev Sergey , Lavryashina Marya , Anan’ev Vladimir 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Choline has a wide range of physiological functions. It has a neuroprotective effect on brain dysfunctions, while its deficiency has a negative effect on antenatal development of the nervous system. We aimed to study the impact of exogenous choline on the psychophysiological indicators in students.
Study objects and methods. 87 students were surveyed by questionnaire to determine their background intake of dietary choline. One month before the exams, we measured their simple and complex visual-motor reaction times, functional mobility and balance of nervous processes, as well as indicators of their short-term memory, attention, health, activity, and mood. Then, we divided the students into a control and an experimental group, regardless of their choline intake. The experimental group took 700 mg choline supplements on a daily basis for one month, followed by a second psychophysiological examination.
Results and discussion. Students with a low choline intake had lower functional mobility and balance of nervous processes, but better attention stability than students with a high choline intake. The second examination showed improved short-term memory, health, and activity indicators in the experimental group, compared to the control. The visual-motor reaction times also increased, but only in students with an initially low level of choline intake.
Conclusion. Choline supplementation can be recommended to students under pre-exam stress to enhance the functional state of their central nervous system.
Multiple Facets of Plant-Microbiome Associations in Unlocking the Communication
Paradigm through Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Khanna Kanika , Kohli Sukhmeen Kaur , Kumar Vinod , Kour Jaspreet , Singh Arun Dev , Bhardwaj Tamanna , Ohri Puja , Sharma Anket , Skalicky Milan , Brestic Marian , Bhardwaj Renu 
Published: November 2021

:
Communication among different species across kingdoms occurs through a chain of regulatory
molecules that are transferred around cellular boundaries. These molecules are also crucial
for defense, virulence, and pathogenesis. In the past, the transport of proteins in long distance communication
was observed, but in the present era, the discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has
changed our understanding of molecular communication. EVs are not only involved in cell signaling
and immunity but also can transfer information by sRNAs, forming a basis for interactions
among a wide variety of organisms. Despite extensive research on EVs in other areas, their role in
communication between plants and the plant microbiome has been lacking. EVs are potentially involved
in protein trafficking along with the transport of lipids and nucleic acids. Interactions between
hosts and their microbiomes may also be mediated by EVs, which can be involved in stress
responses, immune surveillance and defense, virulence, and signaling, along with many metabolic
activities within plant microbiomes. In this review, we have focused on recent information about
the role of EVs and the molecules they transport between hosts and microbes. The connection between
biofilms and the generation of EVs is also considered. These findings enhance our knowledge
about plant-microbiome interactions in terms of immunity and virulence and challenge the
conventional viewpoint of inter-kingdom signaling.
Problematic Substance Use in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients:
Rates, Clinical Correlates and Effects on Therapeutic Outcomes
Authors: Benarous Xavier , Morales Pierre , Cravero Cora , Jakubowicz Barbara , Bourvis Nadège , Cohen David , Edel Yves 
Published: November 2021

Aims: :
We aimed to document the clinical rates and correlates of problematic
substance use among adolescent inpatients.

Background:
Adolescents referred to psychiatric inpatient care are likely to present family and
social risk factors making them at high risk of substance use disorder.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to document the rates, clinical correlates, and effects of
associated problematic substance use on therapeutic outcomes in adolescents referred to
psychiatric inpatient care.

Method:
The DEP-ADO questionnaire was used to systematically screen out problematic
substance use in two 12-18 adolescent inpatient units between January 2017 to December 2018.
Inpatients who were screened positively based on the DEP-ADO questionnaire and/or
information gathered from repeated interviews with the youths and their families were reported
to the liaison addiction unit for diagnosis. The chart-review procedure was used to document
clinical correlates (i.e., suicidal behavior, DSM-5 psychiatric diagnoses, the Clinical Global
Impression-Severity score) and therapeutic outcomes (i.e., the Clinical Global Impression-
Improvement score, change in Children-Global Assessment Scale score during patients’ stay and
length of stay).

Result:
Over two years, 150 adolescents completed the DEP-ADO questionnaire (Mean Age
=14.7 ± 1.7; 42% girls). Thirty percent of adolescent inpatients reported some type of
problematic substance use, with a higher likelihood of daily tobacco use (OR=2.4), regular
cannabis use (OR=2.3), and occasional opioid/heroin use (OR=9.8) compared to the general
population. Adolescent inpatients who misused illegal substances prior to admission were 2.5
times more likely to report suicidal behaviors. A strong association was reported between binge
drinking behavior and a discharge diagnosis of bipolar disorder (OR=11.0). Therapeutic
outcomes were not statistically different with regards to alcohol or illicit substance use status.

Conclusion:
Inpatient adolescents were at high risk of associated problematic substance use.
Patients with co-existing problematic substance use seem to have more severe and chronic forms
of mood disturbances, although the response rate to therapeutics provided during their stay was
not found to be lower compared to their counterparts without problematic substance use.