bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model Konseptual Coaching Dalam Pelatihan Pengembangan Kepemimpinan: Sebuah Tinjauan Pendekatan Integratif
Authors: Abdullah Makmun 
Published: April 2021

Leadership development programs have been integrated coaching as part of learning. Coaching has the potential to be a method that will help Widyaiswara (teacher) meet, support, and encourage the leadership talents of leadership trainees. Leadership training that only aims to change or increase knowledge, attitudes, and skills of the participants, will not have a significant impact on improving organizational performance, when the gap lies in the basic capacity as a human being. The study aims to determine the most appropriate coaching model to be applied for the leadership training program at PPSDM Apparatus. The research method used is a literature study of leadership coaching models inorganizations that are developing at this time. The results of the study showed that an integrated coaching model that is appropriate to the stages, outputs, and learning objectives in leadership training is expected to be a solution to optimize the coach's role and will be able to improve learning outcomes. ABSTRAKProgram pengembangan kepemimpinan saat ini telah mengintegrasikan coaching sebagai bagian dari pembelajaran. Coaching sangat potensial menjadi metode yang akan membantu Widyaiswara memenuhi, mendukung, dan mendorong talenta kepemimpinan peserta pelatihan. Pelatihan kepemimpinan yang hanya bertujuan untuk mengubah atau menambah pengetahuan (knowledge), sikap (atittude), dan keterampilan (skill) peserta saja, tidak akan memberikan dampak yang siknifikan terhadap peningkatan kinerja organisasi, ketika kesenjangan justru terletak pada kapasitas dasar sebagai manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model coaching yang paling sesuai untuk diterapkan pada program pelatihan kepemimpinan di PPSDM Aparatur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur terhadap model-model coaching kepemimpinan di organisasi yang berkembang saat ini. Hasilkajian menunjukkan bahwa model coaching terintegrasi yang sesuai dengan tahapan, output, dan tujuan pembelajaran dalam pelatihan kepemimpinan diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengoptimalkan peran coach dan mampu meningkatkan capaian hasil pembelajaran.
PENGALIHAN JABATAN STRUKTURAL KE JABATAN FUNGSIONAL : SUATU ANALISA KOMPENSASI ATAS PENGHAPUSAN JABATAN ESELON III DAN IV DI PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA APARATUR
Authors: Aulia Rakhman Fahmi 
Published: April 2021

This research analyze the reposition of employee orientation from struktural to functional position. This research focus on compensation or income received by civil servants who are redirected from functional from struktural position. The method used is a normative juridical approach.The scope of research was limited only within Human Resource Development Center for Government Apparatus. The results showed that the income received by Echelon III bigger than the employees have the same job class as expert level functional job, meanwhile the income received by echelon IV will increase if they arereposition from struktural to functional position. It is also concluded that the amount of some specific functional job allowance has not been based on the calculation of job weight. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisa rencana pengalihan jabatan struktural ke jabatan fungsional. Fokus penelitian ini adalah mengenai kompensasi atau penghasilan dari pegawai dalam jabatan struktural III dan IV yang akan berpindah menjadi jabatan fungisonal tertentu yang setara. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif. Ruang lingkup dari penelitian ini dibatasi hanya di Pusat Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Aparatur (PPSDMA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penghasilan yangditerima pegawai struktural eselon III lebih besar daripada pegawai dalam jabatan fungisonal tertentu setara yang relevan di PPSDMA, sementara untuk jabatan struktural eselon IV akan mengalami peningkatan penghasilan jika beralih ke jabatan jabatan fungsional tertentu setara yang relevan di PPSDMA. Kemudian disimpulkan juga bahwa beberapa jabatan fungsional tertentu besaran tunjangannya belum sesuai dengan peritungan bobot jabatan.
METODE PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN MULTI KRITERIA TOPSIS UNTUK PENENTUAN PRIORITAS PERBAIKAN PROGRAM PELATIHAN RESPONSIF GENDER
Authors: Rohmatulloh Rohmatulloh 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThe level of women's participation in gender-responsive training programs is still low. Improvement of gender-responsive training programs within the framework of improving performance in the subsequent implementation. In general, the findings of the evaluation using several assessments have resulted in several alternative improvements. The purpose of this study is the priority goal of program improvement. This study uses a quantitative request by applying the TOPSIS procedure. TOPSIS as one of the decision-making methods many criteria are easy to use. Based on the results of the assessment of the planners who worked on and evaluated the evaluation of the work unit within the Education and Training Agency, they received priority improvements, namely information dissemination to various parties that had not been optimally carried out. The use of TOPSIS in this study can be used to improve priority programs to become more directed towards continuous improvement. ABSTRAKTingkat partisipasi perempuan dalam program pelatihan responsif gender masih rendah. Perbaikan program pelatihan responsif gender dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja pada penyelenggaraan selanjutnya. Pada umumnya temuan dari hasil evaluasi menggunakan beberapa kriteria menghasilkan beberapa alternatif perbaikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan prioritas perbaikan program. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menerapkan prosedur TOPSIS. TOPSISsebagai salah satu metode pengambilan keputusan banyak kriteria mudah digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian dari perencana yang melakukan dan memahami evaluasi dari unit kerja di lingkungan Badan Diklat ESDM diperoleh prioritas perbaikan, yaitu penyebaran informasi kepada berbagai pihak yang selama ini belum optimal dilakukan. Penggunaan TOPSIS pada penelitian ini dapat digunakan untukpenentuan prioritas perbaikan program lainnya agar menjadi lebih terarah perbaikannya.
OLHARES PLURAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO DA INFÂNCIA: valores estéticos, éticos e políticos
Authors: Silva Luzia Batista de Oliveira 
Published: April 2021

Este artigo objetivou analisar os olhares plurais da educação da infância e, mediante dados estatísticos, refletir sobre a condição da infância no Brasil, América Latina e no Mundo, destacando a relevância da educação na formação da criança e do adulto. Discutiu-se sobre a proteção e segurança da criança e o direito de ela ter à infância a fim de compreender sua complexidade perante algumas concepções que perpassam o campo educacional. Apresentaram-se os olhares plurais sobre a infância na perspectiva da condição social e humana no que tange aos valores estéticos, éticos e políticos; valores que contribuem para a afetividade, a criatividade, a sensibilidade e a percepção de si e do mundo; valores que dizem respeito ao direito de ela ter assegurada a própria vida, sem ser danificada, explorada, subjugada, denegrida ou sofrer qualquer tipo de violência; valores que incluem a cidadania do ser criança, com direito a ter infância, frequentar uma escola e sociabilizar-se com o outro na partilha da vida no mundo.
Detection-confirmation-standardization-quantification: a novel method for the quantitative analysis of active components in traditional Chinese medicines
Authors: Song Xiaohong , Zhao Anyi , Liu Yan , Cheng Jintang , Chen Sha , Liu An 
Published: April 2021

Background
Quantitative analysis of the active ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine is a research tendency. The objective of this study was to build a novel method, namely, Detection-confirmation-standardization-quantification (DCSQ), for the quantitative analysis of active components in traditional Chinese medicines, without individual reference standard.

Methods
Danshen (the dried root of Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza) was used as the matrix. The “extraction” function in high-performance liquid chromatography-mass (HPLC-MS) instrument was used to find the peaks corresponding to cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA in the total ion current (TIC) chromatogram of Danshen. The multicomponent reference standard (MCRS) containing the three tanshinones mainly was prepared by preparative HPLC. The contents of them in the resulting MCRS were determined by NMR; moreover, the constituents of the MCRS were confirmed. The MCRS containing known content of the three tanshinones was used as the reference standard for the quantitative analysis of cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA in Danshen Samples by analytical HPLC.

Results
The optimized HPLC conditions for the quantitative analysis of the active components in Danshen were established, and the assignments of the extracted peaks were confirmed by analyzing the characteristic fragments in their MS/MS product ion spectra and UV spectra. Then, the MCRS containing the three tanshinones were successfully prepared. The results of determination about the contents by NMR showed linearity fitted with high likelihood and calibration curves possessed high linearity. The results of determination on Danshen Samples obtained through DCSQ exhibited minimal deviations, in contrast to those obtained through individual reference standards.

Conclusion
The establishing DCSQ is independent and convenient for the quantitative analysis of the active components in TCMs by MCRS, without individual reference standard. This method is a great advance in quantitative analysis for complex composition, especially TCMs.
Development and Validation of Ultra Visible Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Thymoquinone
Authors: Trivedi Sagar , Belgamwar Veena , Wadher Kamlesh 
Published: April 2021

Aim: The work mainly focuses on developing a robust UV-Visible spectroscopic method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of thymoquinone and this will open to many possibilities in exploiting the wonders of this bioactive molecule.
Study Design: UV-vis Spectrophotometric method development for thymoquinone.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Campus, Nagpur, India.
Methodology: To find out λmax and validate the developed method using Double beam UV – visible spectrophotometer module (JASCO V-630).
Results: The thymoquinone was found to be soluble in methanol. The absorption maximum (λmax) was found to be 252 nm. The good linearity was found to be within concentration range of 2-10 μg/ml with correlation coefficient (r2) >0.99 and regression equation of the curve was found to be y = 0.0173x − 0.0394 at 252 nm. The precision (intra-day and inter-day) data represents good reproducibility with % RSD lower than 2.0% which assured that method is précised. Mean recovery value at different concentrations was found to be higher than 90%, indicates accuracy of the method. LOD and LOQ for thymoquinone were reported and were found to be 0.016 μg/ml and 0.0531μg/ ml 252 nm.
Conclusion: The developed method was found to be simple, specific, economic, reliable, accurate, precise, and reproducible used as a quality control tool for analysis of pure thymoquinone and thymoquinone in formulations.
Assessment of Anti-lipidaemic Effects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Seed Extracts of Datura stramonium on Male Albino Rats
Authors: Yahaya Junaidu , Sunday Gideon Obaje , Muhammed Muazu , Alfa Abdullahi Attah , Tijani Kokori Bajeh 
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study was carried out to investigate anti-lipidaemic effects of aqueous and ethanolic seed extracts of Datura stramonium.
Methods: A total of twenty five albino rats weighing between 150 – 180 g were used. They were divided into five groups each contained five rats. Group 1, was the normal control and thus received normal saline. Groups 2 and 3 were treated respectively with aqueous extract at doses of 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg while groups 4 and 5 respectively received 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg ethanolic extract. The extracts were administered orally and the animals were sacrificed on the day 8 and the blood samples collected via retro-orbital plexus. The blood was then centrifuged after fifteen minutes and serum obtained for lipid profile analysis.
Results: The total cholesterol level generally decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in test groups, except in group 2 (0.502 ±.008 mg/dl) which received lower aqueous extract dose of 300 mg/kg. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in triacylglycerol (TG) levels in groups of 2 and 3 (groups treated with aqueous extract) but indicated a significant (p < 0.05) increase in group 4 (0.15 ± .003 mg/dl) which received high ethanolic extract dose. The high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) in groups 4 and 5 with the mean values of 0.164 ± .002 mg/dl and 0.147 ± .004 mg/dl respectively. The mean values of the low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level generally indicated a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in all test groups, the decrease was more significant in groups 4 and 5 with mean values of 0.065 ± .00 mg/dl and 0.069 ± .00 mg/dl, when compared with groups 2 and 3.
Conclusions: This study proves that both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Datura stramonium possess anti-lipidaemic property. The ethanolic extract had higher anti-lipidaemic property than the aqueous extract. Both extracts might be useful in the treatement of some cancers and cardiovascular diseases.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of a Novel Polyherbal Preparationagainst Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes Rat Model
Authors: Jayaraju K. Jyothsna , Ishaq B. Mohammed 
Published: April 2021

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disorder characterised by abnormally elevated glucose levels in the blood. Diabetes is caused by one of two mechanisms: insufficient insulin synthesis (which is produced by the pancreas and reduces blood glucose) or insufficient response of cells to insulin action. The current aim of this research project was to formulate and evaluate the Polyherbal preparation (PHP) of the plants constituted with Cinnamonum zeylanicium (CJ) bark, Eugenia jambolana (EJ) seeds, Vinca rosea (VR) whole plant, Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves and determination of the anti-diabetic potential of the formulation in the animal model induced by Streptozotocin.
Methods: Plant components in the current study used were Cinnamonum zeylanicium (CJ) bark, Eugenia jambolana (EJ) seeds, Vinca rosea (VR) whole plant, Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves were collected.Using a hydroalcoholic solvent, physico-chemical parameters and active chemical constituents were evaluated. The active components present in the extracts were identified by Preliminary phytochemical screening. The PHP acute toxicity analysis was conducted in compliance with OECD Guideline 423, with 200 mg/kg and 4000 mg/kg administered orally to rats over 28 days.
Results: Diabetes was induced by STZ and treated with PHF did not show any alterations in behavior and no mortality was observed up to the 2000 mg/kg dose level during the interventional period. By oral administration of PHP with a dosage of 200 and 400 mg/kg, OGTT resulted in a steady decrease in blood glucose levels of 68.74±4.63 mg/dl and 63.83±1.74 mg/dl at 180min after the trial which proves that PHP possess anti-diabetic activity. By mixing each extract in varying proportions, PHP was developed and evaluated. PHP (200 and 400mg/kg) antidiabetic activity wasdetermined for streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats and glibenclamide (5.0mg/kg body weight) was used as a standard drug.The investigational drug was administered for 28 days and the blood glucose level effect of the PHP was analysed on the 28th day after the intervention time.
Conclusion: The experimental study showed that a persistent and substantial decrease in the average blood glucose level of diabetic rats was observed with repeated administration of PHP and glibenclamide for 28 days. PHP demonstrated substantial antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity similar to the standard drug. The formulation will emerge as a possible mixture that may challenge the synthetic drug.
Like father, like son: Stereotypical Black facial features in children causing trouble
Authors: Bond Alesha D. , Washburn David A. , Kleider‐Offutt Heather M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis present study was designed to investigate whether face‐type (stereotypical or nonstereotypical) facilitates stereotype‐consistent categorization and decision‐making. Previous literature suggests an associative link between adults' stereotypically Black facial features and assumed criminality. The question addressed here is whether the cognitive processes that underpin biased decisions for an adult's racially stereotypical facial features (e.g., broad nose, full lips) apply to children's faces. In two studies, testing face‐type categorization and disciplinary judgments, people were more likely to miscategorize children with stereotypical faces into negative roles more than positive roles. People were also more likely to increase their disciplinary judgments from one infraction to another for children with stereotypical faces compared to nonstereotypical faces. These results suggest that face‐type cues do extend to children and also engender negative associations.
Magnetic Living Hydrogels for Intestinal Localization, Retention, and Diagnosis
Authors: Liu Xinyue , Yang Yueying , Inda Maria Eugenia , Lin Shaoting , Wu Jingjing , Kim Yoonho , Chen Xiaoyu , Ma Dacheng , Lu Timothy K. , Zhao Xuanhe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNatural microbial sensing circuits can be rewired into new gene networks to build living sensors that detect and respond to disease‐associated biomolecules. However, synthetic living sensors, once ingested, are cleared from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract within 48 h; retaining devices in the intestinal lumen is prone to intestinal blockage or device migration. To localize synthetic microbes and safely extend their residence in the GI tract for health monitoring and sustained drug release, an ingestible magnetic hydrogel carrier is developed to transport diagnostic microbes to specific intestinal sites. The magnetic living hydrogel is localized and retained by attaching a magnet to the abdominal skin, resisting the peristaltic waves in the intestine. The device retention is validated in a human intestinal phantom and an in vivo rodent model, showing that the ingestible hydrogel maintains the integrated living bacteria for up to seven days, which allows the detection of heme for GI bleeding in the harsh environment of the gut. The retention of microelectronics is also demonstrated by incorporating a temperature sensor into the magnetic hydrogel carrier.
An Easy‐to‐Fabricate 2.5D Evaporator for Efficient Solar Desalination
Authors: Liu Xiaojie , Tian Yanpei , Chen Fangqi , Caratenuto Andrew , DeGiorgis Joseph A , ELSonbaty Mohamed , Wan Yinsheng , Ahlgren Ralph , Zheng Yi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSolar‐driven steam generation, whereby solar energy is harvested to purify water directly, is emerging as a promising approach to mitigate the worldwide water crisis. The scalable application of conventional 3D evaporators is hindered by their complex spatial geometries. A 2.5D structure is a spatial extension of a 2D structure with an addition of a third vertical dimension, achieving both the feasibility of 2D structure and the performance of 3D structure simultaneously. Here, an interconnected open‐pore 2.5D Cu/CuO foam‐based photothermal evaporator capable of achieving a high evaporation rate of 4.1 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun illumination by exposing one end of the planar structure to air is demonstrated. The micro‐sized open‐pore structure of Cu/CuO foam allows it to trap incident sunlight, and the densely distributed blade‐like CuO nanostructures effectively scatter sunlight inside pores simultaneously. The inherent hydrophilicity of CuO and capillarity forces from the porous structure of Cu foam continuously supply sufficient water. Moreover, the doubled working sides of Cu/CuO foam enlarge the exposure area enabling efficient vapor diffusion. The feasible fabrication process and the combined structural features of Cu/CuO foam offer new insight into the future development of solar‐driven evaporators in large‐scale applications with practical durability.
In Situ Supramolecular Self‐Assembly of Pt(IV) Prodrug to Conquer Cisplatin Resistance
Authors: Wang Qian , Xiao Meng , Wang Dianyu , Hou Xiaoxue , Gao Jie , Liu Jinjian , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDrug resistance has always been a huge challenge that should be urgently conquered to improve the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Herein, a synergistic Pt(IV) prodrug, Npx‐pp‐Pt(IV), is proposed, combining dual responsive behavior with dual drug resistance‐related pathways deactivation. First, Npx‐pp‐Pt(IV) can in situ form a supramolecular self‐assembly with a nanofiber structure on the cancer cell surface triggered by phosphatase, which confines the drug in the tumor and effectively enhances the cellular uptake of cisplatin, resulting in a high cancer cell selectivity and an extremely low non‐targeted cytotoxicity. After being endocytosed, the self‐assembly shows glutathione‐responsive cisplatin release and reverses the IC50 of cisplatin‐resistant cancer cells to that of sensitive ones. Second, the obtained Pt(IV) prodrug can significantly damage cisplatin‐resistance cancer cells through cyclooxygenase‐2 and nuclear factor‐kappa B‐mediated apoptosis pathways, which benefit from the integration of naproxen into the prodrug. The in vivo experiment demonstrates a tumor inhibition rate of 80%. Therefore, Npx‐pp‐Pt(IV) is a multispecific cisplatin derivative, and in situ self‐assembly is believed to be a new strategy to conquer drug resistance for clinical care.
Plasma‐Functionalized Isotactic Polypropylene Assembled with Conducting Polymers for Bacterial Quantification by NADH Sensing
Authors: Molina Brenda G. , del Valle Luis J. , Casanovas Jordi , Lanzalaco Sonia , Pérez‐Madrigal Maria M. , Turon Pau , Armelin Elaine , Alemán Carlos 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRapid detection of bacterial presence on implantable medical devices is essential to prevent biofilm formation, which consists of densely packed bacteria colonies able to withstand antibiotic‐mediated killing. In this work, a smart approach is presented to integrate electrochemical sensors for detecting bacterial infections in biomedical implants made of isotactic polypropylene (i‐PP) using chemical assembly. The electrochemical detection is based on the capacity of conducting polymers (CPs) to detect extracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) released from cellular respiration of bacteria, which allows distinguishing prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells. Oxygen plasma‐functionalized free‐standing i‐PP, coated with a layer (≈1.1 µm in thickness) of CP nanoparticles obtained by oxidative polymerization, is used as working electrode for the anodic polymerization of a second CP layer (≈8.2 µm in thickness), which provides very high electrochemical activity and stability. The resulting layered material, i‐PPf/CP2, detects the electro‐oxidation of NADH in physiological media with a sensitivity 417 µA cm−2 and a detection limit up to 0.14 × 10−3 m, which is below the concentration of extracellular NADH found for bacterial cultures of biofilm‐positive and biofilm‐negative strains.