bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weaving together the diverse threads of category change
Authors: la Roi Ezra 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates category changes among imperative particles in Ancient Greek. Using diachronic evidence from the category change of the imperative ἀμέλει (amélei ‘don’t worry’ > ‘of course’) and similar imperative particles, ἄγε (áge), ἴθι (íthi), φέρε (fére), εἰπέ μοι (eipé moi) and ἰδού (idoú), this paper investigates the diachronic interdependence of intersubjectification, grammaticalization and language change in general. It does this in four ways. First, I show that intersubjectification can take place without subjectification (pace Traugott 2003: 134). Second, I detail the intersubjectification of ἀμέλει with changes in the cognitive domain (no practical > no epistemic worries), the pragmatic domain (responsively resolving > independently assuming resolved worries) and contextual conditions (creating intersubjective alignment > assuming it). Third, I tease apart the various diachronic origins of changes which have affected ἀμέλει. Finally, using contrastive evidence from parallel category changes of Ancient Greek imperative particles, I argue that whereas the imperative particles can be variously affected by structural grammaticalization changes, they all display signs of context change (as shown by illocutionary extensions to occurrence with declarative and interrogative illocutions). Thus, the diverse threads of category change can be woven together by tracing the contexts of change as well as the diachronic processes shaping them.
Constraining evolution of magnetic field strength in the dissipation region of two BL Lac objects
Authors: Fan Xu-Liang , Yan Da-Hai , Wu Qing-Wen , Chen Xu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the assumption that the optical variability timescale is dominated by the cooling time of the synchrotron process for BL Lac objects, we estimate time dependent magnetic field strength of the emission region for two BL Lac objects. The average magnetic field strengths are consistent with those estimated from core shift measurement and spectral energy distribution modelling. Variation of magnetic field strength in the dissipation region is discovered. Variability of flux and magnetic field strength shows no clear correlation, which indicates the variation of magnetic field is not the dominant reason of the variability origin. The evolution of magnetic field strength can provide another approach to constrain the energy dissipation mechanism in jets.
Special feature of a screw vacuum-compressor ‘chamber’ model development
Authors: Mustafin T N , Yakupov R R , Khamidullin M S , Khisameev I G , Alyaev V A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Wildly using of screw vacuum pumps and vacuum-compressors (which discharge pressure is higher than atmosphere pressure) can be explained by their easy service, reliability, excellent energetic and capacity characteristic and excellent vacuum, they produce. Their future optimization can be reached by using of the working process mathematic modelling, which can takes the place of expensive experimental research (can reduce the count of it). In an engineer point of view, chamber models of the positive displacement machine are still popular and wildly used due to simple of the initial data entering, small calculation time and simple of the results’ explanation. Therefore, their development and updating are still actual goal. The chamber model accuracy are determined generally by the accuracy of leakage flow calculation through the gaps and ports and by the accuracy of heat exchange calculation inside the working chamber. This is especially important for the vacuum machines, which minimal vacuum pressure are determined by the internal leakages. The vacuum inside the working chamber can lead to not only viscosity flow, but also to molecular and mixed flows. Therefore, using only viscosity flow calculation methodises leads to the significant errors. The vacuum also leads to change the heat exchange conditions inside the working chamber. Therefore, those facts should be taken into account. This paper is dedicated to the presenting the way of the solving the problems described above.
Design, Testing and Feasibility Analysis of an Oil-Free Twin Screw Compressor with In-Chamber Flash Cooling
Authors: Stupple G 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the current aim of reducing CO2 emissions worldwide compressor efficiency is more in focus than ever before. An estimated 20% of all electricity generated worldwide is used for compressing air. Oil injected twin screw compressors form a large percentage of the total. The injected oil is used for cooling, as well as for sealing and lubrication of the rotors. Typical pressure ratios lie between 8:1 and 16:1. There are many investigations being conducted into oil-free screw technology for specific applications requiring no oil carry over. In this presentation we will take a close look into the possibility of producing a single stage oil-free twin-screw compressor operating at a pressure ratio of 8:1 and using evaporated water for cooling. The main objective in this case is to improve compressor efficiency. Additionally, we will compare efficiency results with a state-of-the-art single stage oil injected twin screw compressor. Previous results from an earlier paper by the author and team from City University of London on CFD analysis of a similar system are taken as the basis. Further simulated calculations using SCORG for the actual case in question allow preliminary performance analysis using the multi-domain chamber model. From simulation we can see that the oil drag force acting on the rotors forms a significant part of the total power requirement. It is therefore suggested that an oil-free solution will achieve improved specific power. To confirm this concept, verify the simulated calculations and understand the heat transfer process in the compression chamber more fully, experimental analysis was undertaken.
Maxwell velocity slip and Smoluchowski temperature jump boundary condition for ANSYS CFX
Authors: Jünemann T. , Pleskun H. , Brümmer A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Multi-dimensional numeric flow simulation is a common but non-trivial approach to simulate the operation behavior of screw machines. Current challenges of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of screw machines are especially related to turbulence modelling and meshing. An adaption of CFD simulations to screw vacuum pumps is difficult since the Navier-Stokes equations have limited validity for low pressure regimes. However, the scope of application can be extended to higher Knudsen numbers (e.g. lower pressure regimes) by the use of velocity slip and temperature jump boundary conditions at solid surfaces. Even if the complete simulation of screw vacuum pumps is still challenging, these boundary conditions can be used to examine isolated effects like clearance flows or inhomogeneous pressure distributions in working chambers. A common commercial CFD-Solver is ANSYS CFX, which also has been successfully applied to screw machines, but it does not provide a Maxwell velocity slip and a Smoluchowski temperature jump boundary condition. In the presented work these boundary conditions are implemented in Ansys CFX using user-defined expressions in a similar way as it has been implemented in the rhoCentralFOAM solver of the open source toolbox OpenFOAM. The boundary conditions are validated by comparison with stationary OpenFOAM results, DSMC results and measurements for a hypersonic plate flow. In addition, the boundary conditions are verified by experimental and DSMC results of a gas flow in a clearance between a rotational shaft and a plane counter plate.
Development of accurate and widely applicable compressor performance maps
Authors: Lee Cheng-Yi , Cao Tao , Hwang Yunho , Radermacher Reinhard , Shaffer Scott 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The compressor performance map provides critical information, including mass flow rate, power consumption, capacities, and operating current. The map can be applied to an alternative efficiency determination method (AEDM) for HVAC&R products. However, most of the existing maps have a low prediction accuracy under low ambient temperature heating modes, as such conditions were not thoroughly considered when maps were generated. This paper provides a comprehensive study of a fixed speed compressor performance under a wide range of operating conditions, including the AHRI 210/240 standard conditions. The test matrix was developed based on realistic heat pump system operating conditions. We then quantified the existing performance map’s prediction inaccuracy, particularly under the low ambient temperature heating modes. Driven by the significant deviation at lower ambient temperature conditions, a comprehensive performance map was generated based on the test results. We also found that one polynomial equation could simultaneously fulfill the needs for predicting the compressor performance under both the cooling and heating modes. Furthermore, the accuracy has improved significantly from 63% to 2% regarding the relative maximum prediction errors over existing performance maps. It suggests that to increase prediction accuracy when using the AEDM, one must provide a suitable superheat model in the capacity simulation of the heat pump systems with the fixed speed compressor.
Assessing the performance limits of a variable-speed residential heat pump system
Authors: Brehm John K. , Augustine David , Ziviani Davide , Groll Eckhard A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Most of the ducted split-type heat pump systems in the world feature fixed-speed compressors and fans. To meet forthcoming minimum energy rating requirements, reduce operational costs of the heat pump, and increase environmental sustainability, the efficiency of heat pump systems must be improved. Variable-speed equipment offers significant advantages for load modulation and has the ability to increase the seasonal performance significantly. Additionally, novel electrical motor technologies, such as permanent magnet (PM) motors can reduce the power consumption of the drives by up to 25-55% compared to the widely used permanent split capacitor (PSC) motor.
In this study, a ducted fixed-speed heat pump system with a cooling capacity of 17.6 kW and a seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP) rating of 4.11 is analyzed to quantify the theoretical performance limits that could be obtained by increasing the motor efficiency of the condenser fan, the evaporator fan and the compressor. Furthermore, the performance increase by replacing the fixed-speed components with variable-speed equipment is evaluated. A detailed charge-sensitive system simulation model that was previously developed by the authors and validated using experimental data obtained with the same unit was employed to carry out parametric studies to evaluate the impact of variable-speed compressor and indoor/outdoor fans on the SCOP rating.
The study showed a 0.9% improvement of SCOP with every percentage increase of compressor motor efficiency. The dependence of the evaporator fan and condenser fan motor efficiency on SCOP was lower, but considering the generally low motor efficiencies of these components, a noticeable efficiency gain can be achieved. In variable-speed equipment, the motor efficiency of the component at minimum operational point was the significant factor on SCOP. The motor efficiency at intermediate and maximum speed had only marginal effects on the SCOP. This showed the importance of equipment with high motor efficiencies at low speeds for ducted split-system heat pumps. The change of the fixed-speed system to a fully variable-speed heat pump resulted in a high gain of SCOP, proving the superiority of a variable-speed system. Overall, the model predicted an SCOP gain of 35% when changing the system to a fully variable system with state-of-the-art high efficient motors.
Analysis and Optimization of Over Compression for Rotary Cylinder Compressor Based on PV Test
Authors: Hu YS , Wei H J , Xu J , Du Z C , Zhang P L , Ren L P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Rotary cylinder compressor is a novel positive displacement compressor. Theoretical analysis shows that the compressor may have large over compression loss. Based on PV test, the over compression characteristics of rotary cylinder compressor was analyzed, and the over compression loss accounts for 5.5% of the indicated power. The over compression was optimized, and the optimized over compression loss is only 0.5% of the indicated power. By further comparing the energy efficiency improvement of the whole compressor, it is found that the improvement effect is equivalent to that of the over compression, and the effectiveness of the scheme is confirmed.
Reducing the noise from the cavity by tuning the compressor’s oil level
Authors: Martins Paulo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a unified solution for noise of two different versions of the same compressor. First, the problem was identified as a high noise in 1kHz third-octave band from the version using R134a refrigerant and 1.25kHz band from R600a version. The first hypothesis was the noise coming from the motor through shifting frequency, which would explain the different frequency ranges for different refrigerants. However, this was debunked experimentally, and results are shown in this paper. The other hypothesis was the noise coming from the cavity. This was proved to be the problem’s root cause and this paper shows the simulated and experimental results which corroborates the inference. Therefore, we propose a single solution for both versions by using an optimized amount of oil, to control the cavity volume.
Enhanced absorption and EQE of Si MSM photodiodes with integrated periodic arrays of holes
Authors: Gou Jun , Xie Zheyuan , Yu He , Liu Xianchao , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In order to enhance the absorption of thin Si film, cylindrical-shaped holes arranged in square and hexagonal lattices with different designs of hole diameter, depth and period are integrated in the surface of Si films with a thickness of 1.5 μm and 2.5 μm on either bulk Si or SOI substrate. At the wavelengths between 800 ~ 950 nm, light bending and absorption enhancement of Si film with integrated hole array is analyzed by FDTD simulation. Hole array with a period similar to the wavelength and a diameter/period ratio around 0.7 enables a higher absorption of Si film. Si film with cylindrical-shaped holes in hexagonal lattice with a Si thickness of 1.5 μm and a hole depth of 250 nm provides an absorption of 43.16 % at 850 nm wavelength on a SiO2 substrate. Nanostructured Si MSM photodiodes are fabricated by integrating periodic arrays of holes in 1.5 μm thin absorption regions between metal fingers. The EQE is enhanced to 61 % at 850 nm, while the photodiodes without holes show only 23 %.
Millikelvin temperature cryo-CMOS multiplexer for scalable quantum device characterisation
Authors: Potočnik Anton , Brebels Steven , Verjauw Jeroen , Acharya Rohith , Grill Alexander , Wan Danny , Mongillo Massimo , Li Ruoyu , Ivanov Tsvetan , Van Winckel Steven , Mohiyaddin Fahd A , Govoreanu Bogdan , Craninckx Jan , Radu Iuliana P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Quantum computers based on solid state qubits have been a subject of rapid development in recent years. In current noisy intermediate-scale quantum technology, each quantum device is controlled and characterised through a dedicated signal line between room temperature and base temperature of a dilution refrigerator. This approach is not scalable and is currently limiting the development of large-scale quantum system integration and quantum device characterisation. Here we demonstrate a custom designed cryo-CMOS multiplexer operating at 32 mK. The multiplexer exhibits excellent microwave properties up to 10 GHz at room and millikelvin temperatures. We have increased the characterisation throughput with the multiplexer by measuring four high-quality factor superconducting resonators using a single input and output line in a dilution refrigerator. Our work lays the foundation for large-scale microwave quantum device characterisation and has the perspective to address the wiring problem of future large-scale quantum computers.
Achieving robustness to aleatoric uncertainty with heteroscedastic Bayesian optimisation
Authors: Griffiths Ryan-Rhys , A Aldrick Alexander , Garcia-Ortegon Miguel , Lalchand Vidhi , Lee Alpha A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bayesian optimisation is a sample-efficient search methodology that holds great promise for accelerating drug and materials discovery programs. A frequently-overlooked modelling consideration in Bayesian optimisation strategies however, is the representation of heteroscedastic aleatoric uncertainty. In many practical applications it is desirable to identify inputs with low aleatoric noise, an example of which might be a material composition which displays robust properties in response to a noisy fabrication process. In this paper, we propose a heteroscedastic Bayesian optimisation scheme capable of representing and minimising aleatoric noise across the input space. Our scheme employs a heteroscedastic Gaussian process surrogate model in conjunction with two straightforward adaptations of existing acquisition functions. First, we extend the augmented expected improvement heuristic to the heteroscedastic setting and second, we introduce the aleatoric noise-penalised expected improvement (ANPEI) heuristic. Both methodologies are capable of penalising aleatoric noise in the suggestions. In particular, the ANPEI acquisition yields improved performance relative to homoscedastic Bayesian optimisation and random sampling on toy problems as well as on two real-world scientific datasets. Code is available at: https://github.com/Ryan-Rhys/Heteroscedastic-BO
Loop diuretic use following fluid resuscitation in the critically ill
Authors: Alaskar Mashael A , Brown Joshua D , Voils Stacy A , Vouri Scott M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Purpose
To identify the incidence of continuation of newly initiated loop diuretics upon intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital discharge and identify factors associated with continuation.

Methods
This was a single-center retrospective study using electronic health records in the setting of adult ICUs at a quaternary care academic medical center. It involved patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU from January 1, 2014, to June 30, 2019, who received intravenous fluid resuscitation. The endpoints of interest were (1) the incidence of loop diuretic use during an ICU stay following fluid resuscitation, (2) continuation of loop diuretics following transition of care, and (3) potential factors associated with loop diuretic continuation after transition from the ICU.

Results
Of 3,591 patients who received intravenous fluid resuscitation for sepsis, 39.4% (n = 1,415) were newly started on loop diuretics during their ICU stay. Among patients who transitioned to the hospital ward from the ICU, loop diuretics were continued in 33% (388/1,193) of patients. At hospital discharge, 13.4% (52/388) of these patients were prescribed a loop diuretic to be used in the outpatient setting. History of liver disease, development of acute kidney injury, being on vasopressors while in the ICU, receiving blood products, and receiving greater than 90 mL/kg of bolus fluids were significant potential factors associated with loop diuretic continuation after transition from the ICU.

Conclusion
New initiation of loop diuretics following intravenous fluid resuscitation in patients with sepsis during an ICU stay is a common occurrence. Studies are needed to assess the effect of this practice on patient outcomes and resource utilization.
Using a Digital Implant Catalog Improves Data Quality and Reduces Administrative Burden in the Dutch Breast Implant Registry
Authors: Barati Nariman , Vrolijk J Juliët , Becherer Babette E , van Bommel Annelotte C M , Hommes Juliëtte E , Mureau Marc A M , van der Hulst René R J W , Young-Afat Danny A , Rakhorst Hinne A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Correct registration of implant characteristics is essential to monitor implant safety within implant registries. Currently, in the nationwide Dutch Breast Implant Registry (DBIR), these characteristics are being registered manually by plastic surgeons, resulting in administrative burden and potentially incorrect data entry.

Objectives
This study evaluated the accuracy of manually registered implant data, possible consequences of incorrect data, and the potential of a Digital Implant Catalog (DIC) on increasing data quality and reducing the administrative burden.

Methods
Manually entered implant characteristics (fill, shape, coating, texture) of newly inserted breast implants in the DBIR, from 2015 to 2019, were compared with the corresponding implant characteristics in the DIC. Reference numbers were employed to match characteristics between the 2 databases. The DIC was based on manufacturers’ product catalogs and set as the gold standard.

Results
A total of 57,361 DBIR records could be matched with the DIC. Accuracy of implant characteristics varied from 70.6% to 98.0%, depending on the implant characteristic. The largest discrepancy was observed for “texture” and the smallest for “coating.” All manually registered implant characteristics resulted in different conclusions about implant performance compared with the DIC (P &lt; 0.01). Implementation of the DIC reduced the administrative burden from 14 to 7 variables (50%).

Conclusions
Implementation of a DIC increases data quality in the DBIR and reduces the administrative burden. However, correct registration of reference numbers in the registry by plastic surgeons remains key for adequate matching. Furthermore, all implant manufacturers should be involved, and regular updates of the DIC are required.
PKSPS: a novel method for predicting kinase of specific phosphorylation sites based on maximum weighted bipartite matching algorithm and phosphorylation sequence enrichment analysis
Authors: Guo Xinyun , He Huan , Yu Jialin , Shi Shaoping 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the development of biotechnology, a large number of phosphorylation sites have been experimentally confirmed and collected, but only a few of them have kinase annotations. Since experimental methods to detect kinases at specific phosphorylation sites are expensive and accidental, some computational methods have been proposed to predict the kinase of these sites, but most methods only consider single sequence information or single functional network information. In this study, a new method Predicting Kinase of Specific Phosphorylation Sites (PKSPS) is developed to predict kinases of specific phosphorylation sites in human proteins by combining PKSPS-Net with PKSPS-Seq, which considers protein–protein interaction (PPI) network information and sequence information. For PKSPS-Net, kinase–kinase and substrate–substrate similarity are quantified based on the topological similarity of proteins in the PPI network, and maximum weighted bipartite matching algorithm is proposed to predict kinase–substrate relationship. In PKSPS-Seq, phosphorylation sequence enrichment analysis is used to analyze the similarity of local sequences around phosphorylation sites and predict the kinase of specific phosphorylation sites (KSP). PKSPS has been proved to be more effective than the PKSPS-Net or PKSPS-Seq on different sets of kinases. Further comparison results show that the PKSPS method performs better than existing methods. Finally, the case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the PKSPS in predicting kinases of specific phosphorylation sites. The open source code and data of the PKSPS can be obtained from https://github.com/guoxinyunncu/PKSPS.