bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study of black aspergilli inhabiting Piper rhizosphere from Eka Karya Botanical Garden, Bedugul Bali
Authors: Ilyas M , Nurcahyanto D A , Yuliani Y , Mangunwardoyo W , Hidayat and I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The black aspergilli (Aspergillus section Nigri ) occupy a broad spectrum of habitat, and they are an essential group of species in food mycology, medical mycology, and biotechnology. This study aimed to isolate and identify the black aspergilli inhabiting five samples of Piper rhizosphere collected from Eka Karya Botanical Garden, Bedugul Bali. In this study, 71 strains of black aspergilli were isolated, and 20 strains of them have selected and characterized using morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic analysis. Morphological data results are useful for preliminary identification, but they did not have been totally effective in describing and elucidating 20 selected strains into species level. Further molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis based on ITS rDNA showed that from 20 selected strains, four strains were identified as Aspergillus aculeatus sensu stricto, three strains were identified as Aspergillus japonicus sensu stricto, four strains were identified as Aspergillus niger sensu lato, and nine strains were identified as Aspergillus tubingensis sensu stricto. Preliminary exploration of fungi through isolation and identification was the first step to discover the potential strains that able to produce the promising metabolites and bioactive materials. The study results are expected to be the initial microbial resources and information for screening and utilizing the black aspergilli through bioprospecting.
Morpho-Physiological responses of brown-seeded soybean genotypes under low light intensity
Authors: Kisman  , Aryana IGP M , Santoso B B , Susilawati L E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The objective of the study was to know the responses of morphological and physiological traits of brown-seeded soybeanunder low light intensity. The study was conducted using the Experimental Method and the Split Plot Design was used in the experiment. The main plot was light intensity (L) and the subplot was genotypes (G). The main plot consists of L0 (fully light intensity) and L1(low light intensity, under black shading net of 65% light intensity). The brown-seeded soybean consists of 13 genotypes (KH 7B, KH 7C, KH 7D, KH 9, KH 14, KH 50B, KH 35, KH 8B, KH 31A, KH 35E, Ceneng, Burangrang, and KH1). The 13 genotypes were planted in pots in three replicates. Results of the study showed that: (1)The morpho-physiological responses of brown-seeded soybean varied under the low light intensity: the plant height, the leaf area, and the chlorophyll A and B contents increased, but the number of productive branches, the number of leaves, the specific leaf weight, the number of seeds per plant, the number of filled pods, the number of empty pods, and the seed weight per plant decreased. (2) Under the low light intensity, KH9 indicated the highest plant height, number of productive branches, number of leaves, and chlorophyll b content but the lowest seed size (100 seed weight), KH35E produced a high number of seeds per plant and filled pods, KH1 indicated the highest of the 100 seed weight, KH35 tends to produce the highest seed weight per plant, chlorophyll A content, and stable of the seed weight per plant.
BOD and DO Models of Krukut River, Jakarta
Authors: Amira Siti , Soesilo Tri E.B , Moersidik Setyo S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Urban areas in developing countries, such as Jakarta, have the potential to experience serious river water pollution problems. Pollution control is a measure to maintain water quality in waterways; therefore, this study aims to build a water quality model (based on BOD and DO parameter) in the Krukut River, Jakarta. The model can be used as a tool to simulate pollution control. This study applies the Streeter Phelps principle by adopting the system dynamics method. The research also includes social and economic aspects of the pollution control scenario. The Krukut River water quality model is valid because it has an absolute mean error (AME) values below 30%. In details, the AME value of each model are 0.7% for the population model, 7.05% for the BOD model, and 4.5% for the DO model. With community participation intervention in the sanitation sector, the simulation results of the model show an improvement in Krukut River water quality compared to the ‘business as usual’ simulation. However, this improvement still does not meet existing quality standards.
Assessment on the governance of fisheries management at fishery management area in Indonesia
Authors: Muawanah Umi , Kurniasari Nendah , Pramodha Radityo , Zulham Armen , Rosyidah Lathifatul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Given Indonesia’s enormous sea area, decentralization is inevitable in managing fishery resources, so-called Fishery Management Areas (FMAs). The governance of FMAs has been endorsed by MMAF Decree No. 33/2019. However, there were many challenges in its implementation. At the same time, Indonesia’s Long Term Development Plan of 2020-2024 specified that strengthening the governance of the FMAs will be one of the fishery development priorities. This study’s will assess the current design and implementation of FMA governance, namely the Fishery Management Councils (FMC). We gathered data and information using field observation, interviews with policymakers, and members of FMCs in several FMAs. We then carried out two analyses, namely, formal and informal analysis. The formal analysis was done by comparing each FMC component’s function and task based on the written guideline for operating FMC and the FMC of FMA and real observation. The informal analysis evaluates the critical management function and attributes of the existing FMC governance and compares them with the ideal function. From the formal analysis, we find that each component of FMC’s tasks and functions as written on the documents marginally/partially implemented by FMC members. From the informal analysis, we find that many challenges and gaps in the operationalization of the FMCs.
How digital knowledge sharing affects innovation work behavior and organizational innovation capability in term of sustainability development goals
Authors: Nugraha Amalia , Irwansyah  , Purwadi  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study seeks to analyze the antecedent factors of digital knowledge sharing that affect innovation work behavior and organizational innovation capability of employees working in government organizations. This study identifies four antecedents of digital knowledge sharing, namely demographics, environment, individuals, and organizations that have an influence on innovation work behavior and organizational innovation capability through indicators of knowledge donating and knowledge collecting from digital knowledge sharing. The online survey method was used to collect data from respondents, a number of 1000 employees of the Secretariat General, Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The data analysis of this study used Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the SmartPLS 3.2.9 application. The results showed that the four antecedents of digital knowledge sharing had a significant effect on innovation work behavior and organizational innovation capability through indicators of knowledge donating and knowledge collecting from digital knowledge sharing. In addition, it was also found that the knowledge donating indicator was a better contributor in facilitating innovation work behavior and organizational innovation capability of government employees compared to knowledge collecting indicators. This study also lead the digital knowledge sharing, innovation works behavior, and organizational innovation capacity into a part of sustainability development goals.
Edible straw formulation from caragenant and gelatin as a solution in reducing plastic waste
Authors: A’yun S N , Triastuti J , Saputra E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study has been undertaken to determine the effect of bioplastic formulations of carrageenan and gelatin on the manufacture of edible straws with water resistance. The research design used was 2 factorial complete random designs (RAL). Edible straws with 20% gelatin addition formulation have the best water resistance value of 65.18%. Based on these results it shows that there is a correlation between the gelatin added and the temperature used in the use of edible straws. Bioplastic formulations can be used as edible straws with the best formulation of carrageenan 3 grams with the addition of 20% gelatin which can be applied to 4°C cold drinks and is best applied to drinks at 25°C.
X-Ray Determination of Debye Temperature and Microhardness of Some HCP Elements Re, Os and Tl
Authors: Endla Purushotham 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The studies on the microhardness have been calculated the hexagonal close packed metals rhenium (Re), osmium (Os) and thallium (Tl). In this paper, the Vickers’s pyramidal indenter and the true hardness values has been evaluated. Debye temperatures of hexagonal close packed (HCP) of these three metals have been calculated by using X- ray diffraction intensities pattern with Philips 3020 powder diffractometer fixed with a proportional counter using filtered CuKα radiation; all the values have been evaluated at room temperature In this present work the calculated Debye temperature values θH 338 K, 426 K and 74 for Re, Os and Tl respectively. The calculated Debye temperatures of these hcp metals have been estimated from the hardness H values 135, 400, 27 kg/mm2 and are compared with those obtained from Debye temperature of specific heats (θD), Debye temperature of elastic constants (θE) and Debye temperature of X-ray intensity measurements (θM).
Optimized Scale Invariant HOG Descriptors for Object and Human Detection
Authors: Akila K , Pavithra P 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article presents a scale variation approach to identify objects and humans in video sequences using histogram of gradient descriptor. A significant restriction in HOG descriptors is its variations with scale changes and illumination changes, as is frequently the considered case. We recommend unique SIO-HOG descriptors that are figured to be invariant to scale changes. The system associates the benefits of adoptive bin selections and sample resizing in the object recognition process. We analyze the effect of PCA transform based feature selection process on object detection performance, ultimately the finite scale range, adoptive orientation binning in non-overlapping descriptors is all main thing for nominal detection rate. HOG feature vector over complete search window is computationally more exclusive, to acquire more precise set of features with finite Euclidean distance to classify them using KNN classifier. This new approach provides near-perfect ways of separating humans from other objects. The whole object detection system was assessed on a few test samples from real-world data sets and compared beside a publicly available pedestrian detection data base.
Study of Cloud Computing Business Framework by Pre-cloud recognition
Authors: Tiwari N , Sharma N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The current study strongly analyzes the factors that determine the acceptance of cloud companies (SASS model), and this strategy to do their job. The research model is designed to explore factors that affect the use of computers, including host technology (TAM) models and other external such as organizational size and technical complexity. Data compiled from 200 companies are used to test the ideas. The results of this study show what important factors need to be considered and how they relate to each other. They highlight the needs of companies, especially those related to cloud operations, for those who want to use a real digital governance model. These technologies and technology-related applications that use virtual technology and operate in a distributed network that is accessible to sites and social networking sites. Developed and upgraded to cloud computing systems, cloud grid and computers.
Analysing Uber Trips using PySpark
Authors: Pradhan Rahul , Mannepallli Praveen Kumar , Rajpoot Vikram 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
All the enterprise has a lot of data. To develop business, on occasion records evaluation required. By examining facts, we get vital matters on which work out and make our graph for the future via which made best future decisions. Most of the organizations going on line the place the statistics generate will increase day by using day. To develop commercial enterprise with this aggressive surroundings records evaluation is necessary. This analytics venture is very important to recognize the use of records analytics. Through initiatives like this, many organizations can recognize a number of complicated operations. Uber Data Analysis task permits us to recognize the complicated facts visualization of this large organization. It is developed with the assist of ‘R’ programming language. In this venture we analyze the Daily, Monthly and Yearly Uber Pickups in New York City. This mission is primarily based on Data Visualization that will information you toward use of ggplot2 library for perception the data.
Tailoring the excited-state energy landscape in supramolecular nanostructures
Authors: Kreger Klaus , Schmidt Hans-Werner , Hildner Richard 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Nature’s photosynthetic machinery uses precisely arranged pigment-protein complexes, often representing superstructures, for efficient light-harvesting and transport of excitation energy (excitons) during the initial steps of photosynthesis. This function is achieved by defined electronic Coulomb interactions between the conjugated molecules resulting in tailored excited-state energy landscapes. While such complex natural structures are synthetically difficult to achieve, supramolecular chemistry is now on its advent to realize defined artificial supramolecular nanostructures with tailored functionalities via controlled self-assembly processes of small molecules. In this review, we focus on recent work reporting photophysical studies on self-assembled and hierarchical nanostructures as well as complex superstructures. We discuss how the resulting excited-state energy landscapes influence energy transport. Progress in the field of supramolecular chemistry allows for the realization of distinct kinds of H- or J-aggregates with well-defined morphologies on the mesoscale. Advances in the field of optical spectroscopy and microscopy have permitted to resolve the incoherent/coherent dynamics of exciton transport in such systems down to the level of single nanostructures. Although outstanding diffusion lengths of up to several μm were found in selected nanostructures, a full understanding of the underlying principles is still missing. In particular, the unavoidable structural and electronic disorder in these systems influences the excited-state energy landscapes and thus the transport characteristics, which can be exploited to refine the molecular design criteria of supramolecular nanostructures and complex superstructures. Despite the rapid progress in the field of functional supramolecular nanostructures, we believe that revealing the full potential of such systems is far from complete. In particular, criteria for tailored and optimized (hierarchical) supramolecular nanostructures in view of applications are not yet established. Finally, we outline current challenges and future perspectives for optical and optoelectronic applications of supramolecular nanostructures.
A two-step PCR assembly for construction of gene variants across large mutational distances
Authors: Routh Shreya , Acharyya Anamika , Dhar Riddhiman 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Construction of empirical fitness landscapes has transformed our understanding of genotype–phenotype relationships across genes. However, most empirical fitness landscapes have been constrained to the local genotype neighbourhood of a gene primarily due to our limited ability to systematically construct genotypes that differ by a large number of mutations. Although a few methods have been proposed in the literature, these techniques are complex owing to several steps of construction or contain a large number of amplification cycles that increase chances of non-specific mutations. A few other described methods require amplification of the whole vector, thereby increasing the chances of vector backbone mutations that can have unintended consequences for study of fitness landscapes. Thus, this has substantially constrained us from traversing large mutational distances in the genotype network, thereby limiting our understanding of the interactions between multiple mutations and the role these interactions play in evolution of novel phenotypes. In the current work, we present a simple but powerful approach that allows us to systematically and accurately construct gene variants at large mutational distances. Our approach relies on building-up small fragments containing targeted mutations in the first step followed by assembly of these fragments into the complete gene fragment by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We demonstrate the utility of our approach by constructing variants that differ by up to 11 mutations in a model gene. Our work thus provides an accurate method for construction of multi-mutant variants of genes and therefore will transform the studies of empirical fitness landscapes by enabling exploration of genotypes that are far away from a starting genotype.
Diversity and host assemblage of avian haemosporidians in different terrestrial ecoregions of Peru
Authors: Garcia-Longoria Luz , Muriel Jaime , Magallanes Sergio , Villa-Galarce Zaira Hellen , Ricopa Leonila , Inga-Díaz Wilson Giancarlo , Fong Esteban , Vecco Daniel , Guerra-SaldaÑa César , Salas-Rengifo Teresa , Flores-Saavedra Wendy , Espinoza Kathya , Mendoza Carlos , SaldaÑa Blanca , González-Blázquez Manuel , Gonzales-Pinedo Henry , Luján-Vega Charlene , Del Águila Carlos Alberto , Vilca-Herrera Yessica , Pineda Carlos Alberto , Reategui Carmen , Cárdenas-Callirgos Jorge Manuel , Iannacone José Alberto , Mendoza Jorge Luis , Sehgal Ravinder N M , Marzal Alfonso 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCharacterizing the diversity and structure of host–parasite communities is crucial to understanding their eco-evolutionary dynamics. Malaria and related haemosporidian parasites are responsible for fitness loss and mortality in bird species worldwide. However, despite exhibiting the greatest ornithological biodiversity, avian haemosporidians from Neotropical regions are quite unexplored. Here, we analyze the genetic diversity of bird haemosporidian parasites (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) in 1,336 individuals belonging to 206 bird species to explore for differences in diversity of parasite lineages and bird species across 5 well-differentiated Peruvian ecoregions. We detected 70 different haemosporidian lineages infecting 74 bird species. We showed that 25 out of the 70 haplotypes had not been previously recorded. Moreover, we also identified 81 new host–parasite interactions representing new host records for these haemosporidian parasites. Our outcomes revealed that the effective diversity (as well as the richness, abundance, and Shannon–Weaver index) for both birds and parasite lineages was higher in Amazon basin ecoregions. Furthermore, we also showed that ecoregions with greater diversity of bird species also had high parasite richness, hence suggesting that host community is crucial in explaining parasite richness. Generalist parasites were found in ecoregions with lower bird diversity, implying that the abundance and richness of hosts may shape the exploitation strategy followed by haemosporidian parasites. These outcomes reveal that Neotropical region is a major reservoir of unidentified haemosporidian lineages. Further studies analyzing host distribution and specificity of these parasites in the tropics will provide important knowledge about phylogenetic relationships, phylogeography, and patterns of evolution and distribution of haemosporidian parasites.
The Atrial Fibrillation Better Care pathway for managing atrial fibrillation: a review
Authors: Stevens David , Harrison Stephanie L , Kolamunnage-Dona Ruwanthi , Lip Gregory Y H , Lane Deirdre A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The 2020 European Society of Cardiology guidelines endorse the Atrial Fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway as a structured approach for the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), addressing three principal elements: ‘A’ – avoid stroke (with oral anticoagulation), ‘B’ – patient-focused better symptom management, and ‘C’ – cardiovascular and comorbidity risk factor reduction and management. This review summarizes the definitions used for the ABC criteria in different studies and the impact of adherence/non-adherence on clinical outcomes, from 12 studies on seven different cohorts. All studies consistently showed statistically significant reductions in the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, and mortality among those with ABC pathway adherent treatment. The ABC pathway provides a simple decision-making framework to enable consistent equitable care from clinicians in primary and secondary/tertiary care. Further research examining the impact of ABC pathway implementation in prospective cohorts utilizing consistent inclusion criteria and definitions of ‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’ adherent care is warranted.
Chromosomal Inversion Polymorphisms in Two Sympatric Ascidian Lineages
Authors: Satou Yutaka , Sato Atsuko , Yasuo Hitoyoshi , Mihirogi Yukie , Bishop John , Fujie Manabu , Kawamitsu Mayumi , Hisata Kanako , Satoh Noriyuki 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChromosomal rearrangements can reduce fitness of heterozygotes and can thereby prevent gene flow. Therefore, such rearrangements can play a role in local adaptation and speciation. In particular, inversions are considered to be a major potential cause for chromosomal speciation. There are two closely related, partially sympatric lineages of ascidians in the genus Ciona, which we call type-A and type-B animals in the present study. Although these invertebrate chordates are largely isolated reproductively, hybrids can be found in wild populations, suggesting incomplete prezygotic barriers. Although the genome of type-A animals has been decoded and widely used, the genome for type-B animals has not been decoded at the chromosomal level. In the present study, we sequenced the genomes of two type-B individuals from different sides of the English Channel (in the zone of sympatry with type-A individuals) and compared them at the chromosomal level with the type-A genome. Although the overall structures were well conserved between type A and type B, chromosomal alignments revealed many inversions differentiating these two types of Ciona; it is probable that the frequent inversions have contributed to separation between these two lineages. In addition, comparisons of the genomes between the two type-B individuals revealed that type B had high rates of inversion polymorphisms and nucleotide polymorphisms, and thus type B might be in the process of differentiation into multiple new types or species. Our results suggest an important role of inversions in chromosomal speciation of these broadcasting spawners.