bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ion Transition Range of Solar Wind Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere: Parker Solar Probe Observations
Authors: Huang S. Y. , Sahraoui F. , Andrés N. , Hadid L. Z. , Yuan Z. G. , He J. S. , Zhao J. S. , Galtier S. , Zhang J. , Deng X. H. , Jiang K. , Yu L. , Xu S. B. , Xiong Q. Y. , Wei Y. Y. , Dudok de Wit T. , Bale S. D. , Kasper J. C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The scaling of the turbulent spectra provides a key measurement that allows us to discriminate between different theoretical predictions of turbulence. In the solar wind, this has driven a large number of studies dedicated to this issue using in situ data from various orbiting spacecraft. While a semblance of consensus exists regarding the scaling in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and dispersive ranges, the precise scaling in the transition range and the actual physical mechanisms that control it remain open questions. Using the high-resolution data in the inner heliosphere from the Parker Solar Probe mission, we find that the sub-ion scales (i.e., at the frequency f ∼ [2, 9] Hz) follow a power-law spectrum f

α
with a spectral index α varying between −3 and −5.7. Our results also show that there is a trend toward an anticorrelation between the spectral slopes and the power amplitudes at the MHD scales, in agreement with previous studies: the higher the power amplitude the steeper the spectrum at sub-ion scales. A similar trend toward an anticorrelation between steep spectra and increasing normalized cross helicity is found, in agreement with previous theoretical predictions about the imbalanced solar wind. We discuss the ubiquitous nature of the ion transition range in solar wind turbulence in the inner heliosphere.
Electronic Dance Music Festivals in Riyadh: Pop Culture as a Space of Cooptation and Contestation
Authors: Derbal Nora 
Published: March 2021

Within the course of a decade, electronic dance music (EDM) grew from an underground subculture into one of the most popular music genres among youth in Saudi Arabia. EDM parties developed from an intimate, semi-legal pastime practice of cosmopolitan youth into state-sponsored mass parties. In this article, I discuss the effects of the state’s embrace of pop culture as a strategy of the new Saudi nationalism, heralded by Vision 2030. In the name of the diversification of the economy, today the Saudi state invests in local music festivals. Yet, rather than understanding Saudi youth as mere objects of state policy, I suggest that Saudi youth navigate, reject, and appropriate these new cultural spaces, and turn them into an arena, where all kinds of subversive practices can become possible.
Efectos del ejerciciofísico en personas con discapacidad intelectual y trastornos de la conducta
Authors: Domingo Ona Palau , Lusilla Sergi Hernandez , López Maricarmen Núñez , Iribarren Jorge Berdegal 
Published: March 2021

Las conductas desafiantes, heteroagresivas o autolesivas se presentan con mayor incidencia en la población con discapacidad intelectual (Emerson y Einfeld, 2011), dificultando su inclusión en la sociedad. Una estrategia para disminuir la incidencia de estas conductas es la realización de ejercicio físico. Cabe decir, que existen pocos estudios acerca de esta temática, aquellos importantes, muestran resultados significativos respecto las conductas problema.
La hipótesis inicial es que se espera que aquellas personas atendidas que realizan más horas de ejercicio físico tengan menos incidencias o hagan menos uso de medidas restrictivas mejorando su condición física.Este estudio se ha llevado a cabo con una muestra de 50 personas residentes en unidades de trastornos de la conducta (SJDTLL). Se ha realizado un análisis estadístico basado en el número de incidencias, uso de medidas restrictivas, y el número de horas de ejercicio físico realizadas semanalmente. No hemos encontrado datos significativos que indiquen menos incidencias a más ejercicio físico y mejora del la condición física, otros estudios (Goodwin, Richards, Taylor, Taylor y Campbell, 2008) determinan mejoría conductual cuando la persona practica diariamente una o más sesiones a la semana de ejercicio físico.
STATE AND LEGAL EXPANSION
Authors: Толченкин Д.А. 
Published: March 2021

Аннотация. В статье рассмотрена государственно-правовая характеристика экспансии как политики государства и (или) общественных объединений, направленной на расширение своего политического, экономического, духовнокультурного влияния на окружающие страны и народы с целью их подчинения собственным интересам. Предложена авторская классификация экспансия.
Annotation. The article examines the state and legal characteristics of expansion as a policy of the state and (or) public associations aimed at expanding their political, economic, spiritual and cultural influence on the surrounding countries and peoples in order to subordinate them to their own interests. The author's classification of expansion is proposed.
Bilateral Involvement of Frontal Sinuses in a Pott&#39;s Puffy Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Palacios-García José María , Moreno-Luna Ramón , Molina-Fernandez Elena , Sanchez-Gomez Serafin 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTAim and objectiveA case report with review of the literature.BackgroundPott's puffy tumor is an uncommon complication of frontal sinusitis. Nevertheless, an increase in the frequency of cases has been reported over the last 10 years. The presence of both frontal sinuses in the production of Pott's puffy tumor has never been described before.Case descriptionA 15-year-old boy was evaluated in the emergency department by tumor and pruritus at the right frontal level. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a disruption of the right frontal sinus with a subperiosteal abscess. During surgery, it was discovered the involvement of both frontal sinuses. A combined bilateral functional endoscopic sinus surgery and external approach were used.ConclusionThis pathology must be kept in mind in the case of an adolescent patient with a frontal tumor. Surgery is the most important factor in the treatment of this pathology together with a targeted antibiotic treatment.How to cite this articlePalacios-García JM, Moreno-Luna R, Molina-Fernandez E,et al. Bilateral Involvement of Frontal Sinuses in a Pott's Puffy Tumor: A Case Report. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2019;11(3):67–69.
Caseous Rhinosinusitis: Fungal or Bacterial Ball?
Authors: Boiko Natalia V 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
The fungal ball is a common type of fungal rhinosinusitis. The fungal ball appears to be unstructured caseous masses revealed during the surgical treatment.

Aim and objective
To analyze the contents of the paranasal sinuses in 168 patients with the clinically suspected fungal ball who had undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Study design
A total of 168 patients aged between 19 and 63 with fungal ball clinical diagnosis admitted to the ENT Department of Rostov State Medical University, Russia, were involved in the study between January 2009 and July 2018.

Materials and methods
Tissue samples obtained from the affected sinuses underwent microscopic, microbiological, and histopathological examination.

Results
Fungi presence was confirmed in 148 out of 168 patients. In 20 cases, the presence of fungi in the caseous masses, obtained during the operation, was not revealed by any diagnostic method, and in 19 out of 20 patients, different types of bacteria were detected in diagnostically significant titers, most often Bacteroides spp.—in five patients, Staphylococcus spp.—in five patients, Pseudomonas aeruginosa—in three patients, two cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and two cases of Actinomyces spp. To characterize such findings, the term “bacterial ball” by analogy with the “fungal ball” was earlier suggested.

Conclusion
Caseous masses found during sinus surgery is often considered to be a clinical diagnosis validation. Meanwhile, the said caseous masses may not only manifest a fungal disease, but also bacterial colonization, which determines the postoperative treatment.
How to cite this article
Boiko NV. Caseous Rhinosinusitis: Fungal or Bacterial Ball? Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2019;11(3):64–66.
Cross-national validation of the resources depletion-recovery model: An empirical study of Spanish and British theme park employees
Authors: Quinones Cristina , Rodríguez-Carvajal Raquel , Griffiths Mark D. , Clarke Nicholas R. 
Published: March 2021

Surface acting (SA) refers to the strategy whereby front-line employees hide their own emotions and fake those required of them within their role within customer service transactions. Although researchers have associated SA with burnout, evidence now suggests that this could be an indirect relationship. Building on the Conservation of Resources theory, it was hypothesised that the combined effect of emotional effort and lack of rewarding interactions with customers triggered by SA would explain the strong association between SA and burnout (Studies 1 and 2). Furthermore, building on psychological recovery literature, it was hypothesised that the effort invested in SA would be a weaker predictor of front-line employees’ burnout in cases when they reported higher levels of recovery ability as opposed to lower levels (Study 2). A cross-national and cross-sectional design was used, and participants were theme park employees from UK (Study 1, NUK =204) and Spain (Study 2, NSpain=211). The explanatory role of emotional effort and rewarding interactions was supported, and the buffering effect of recovery ability was confirmed. Strategies aimed at minimising burnout risk for employees who deal with customers on a regular basis in these countries are discussed.
COMPARISON OF SCALE WEIGHTS TO TAPE ESTIMATES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH CONDITION SCORES IN BUNAJI CATTLE
Authors: MANI R. I. , ABDULLAHI A. R. , KAUFMANN. R. VON 
Published: March 2021

Animal weighing facilities are not available in many African farming conditions. Indirect methods of estimating animals weights have been compared with scale weights and, in some cases. condition scores. The use of calibrated weigh bands is not widely practised probably because calibrations were based on temperate breeds. A study was carried out to determine the relationship between scale, tape measurement and weighband estimates of Bunaji cattle. These were then related to the animals' condition scores. Both the tape measurement and management and research purposes. When weigh band weights significantly (P<0.001) correlated (r = 0.95 and 0.94 respectively) with the scale weight. Condition score significantly is (P<0.001) correlated with the tape meaşurement, scale and weighband weights (r = 0.62, 0.67 and 0.64 respectively). The correction factors of the regression coefficients of determining weight from condition score for the three methods varied by only 3.92. It is suggested breed. that in the absence of weighing facilities, reliable estimates can be obtained by either tape measurement or weighband methods. Condition score can also reliably be used to estimate the weight using the regression coefficients obtained. Weighbands will be easier to use in field conditions. The need to calculate the weight from a formula could introduce errors when using the tape measurement method.
Replacement Of Fish Meal With Maggots In Broiler Diets: Effects On Performance And Nutrient Retention
Authors: Atteh J. O. , Ologbenla F. D. 
Published: March 2021

The effects of replacing 0, 33.3, 66.7 or 100% of dietary fish meal (9%) with housefly maggots (Musca domestica. Linn) was investigated using broilers from day old to 5 weeks of age.
Increasing the dietary level of maggots reduced feed intake and weight gain while increasing the feed: gain ratio (P>0.05), There was however no significant effect of dietary maggots on mortality rate (P>0.05). Replacement of dietary fish meal with maggots caused significant reduction in nitrogen retention (P<0.05) but an increase in fat retention (P>0.05). There was no significant effect of replacing dietary fish meal with maggots on the metabolizable energy value of the diets (P>0.05).
It is concluded that maggots could replace only 33% of dietary fish meal (9%) without compromising performance and nutrient retention in broiler chicks. The cost of harvesting and processing maggots is about 15% of equivalent weight of fish meal, making even partial replacement of fishmeal with maggots economical.
EFFECT OF AUTOCLAVING ON THE ANTI-NUTRITIONAL FACTORS OF COWPEA VARIETIES.
Authors: OKE D. B. , FETUGA B. L. A. , TEWE O. O. 
Published: March 2021

Some antinutritional factors were extacted and qualified from and autoclaved cowpea varities. All the cow varities in the raw state contained trypsin, inhibitor, lectins HCN, tannic acid and phytic acid. Autoclaving destroyed all the trypsin inhibitor and lectins but significantly reduced HCN level while tannic and phytic acids were heat-stable. In the raw sample, values obtained for these compound in seqeunce, were 10.88 to 33.74 TIU/mg protein 28.56 to 76.57 Hu/mg protein, 1.55 to 3.90mg/1009, 0.21 to 0.39mg/g and 422.27 to 543.A2mg/100g respectively. Autoclaved samples contained 0.73 to 1.32mg/100 g, 0.17 to 0.36mg/g and 314.97 to 420.54mg/100g HCN, tannic acid and phytic acid respective. The amount of total phosphorus that remained Cowpea varieties used for this study are bound to phytic acid which is unavailable nutritionally ranged from 29.60 to 33.15%. Antinutritional factors concentrations differed between varieties (P<0.001).
UTILIZATION OF CROP RESIDUES AND AGRO-INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS AS COMPLETE DIETS FOR WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP AND GOATS
Authors: ADEBOWALE E. A. , TAIWO A. A. 
Published: March 2021

Two experiments consisting of three dietary treatments each were conducted on the use of crop residues and agro-industrial wastes for formulating complete diets for growing West production. African dwarf sheep and goats. Growth Performance and digestibility studies were carried out with the animals, In experiment Crude protein (CP), ash and gross energy levels increased from diet 1 to diet 3 while the crude fibre contents decreased progressively. Sheep consumed more nutrients (P<0.01) than goats. In the streep, the highest dry matter intake (DMI) was on diet 2 (74.1y/kyw 0.75). However,the intakes of CP and energy on diets 2 and 3 d were similar (P1.05). Energy intake was highest in diet 3 for goats, while DMI (47.6g/kW0.75 .) was comparable (P>0.05) to those on diets 1and 2 (50.5 and 45.0y/kyW0.75 respectively. Various strategies Sheep and goats digested DM, CP and energy similarly (P>0.05). Diet 3 was the most digestible (P<0.01) for energy in both species. Digestibility of DM and CP was best in diet 3 for sheep. The highest (P<0.05) weight gain of 60.3y/day was for sheep on diet 3. The best feed conversion efficiency (FCE) was also recorded for the same diet for sheep (10.0%) and goat (9.2%). In Experiment 2, crude protein levels fibre decreased from diets 1 to 3. Concentrations of HCN (16.7 and 19.3mg/kgfor primary diets 1 and 2 respectively) were low. Sheep consumed more (P<0.05) DM than goats (83.8 and 79.5g/kg w respectively) while CP was consumed similarly (P>0.05), Goats digested DM (68.2% better (P<0.05) than sheep (59.6%). Diets did not influence (P>0.05) the DM digestibility within the two species. The highest (P<0.05) weight changes were recorded on diet in 3 for sheep and goats (112.4 and 55.2g/dey
THE INFLUENCE OF DATE OF PLANTING AND FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON GROWTH COMPONENTS OF COLUMBUS GRASS (SORGHUM ALMUM)
Authors: Muhammad I. R. , Kallah M. S , Otchere E. O. , Otchere J. P. , Alawa J. P. , Tanko R. J. , Olorunju S. A. S. 
Published: March 2021

Trials were conducted at Gangora in the northern Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria during the 1990 and 1991 rainy seasons. The effects of date of planting (4th,14th, 24th June and 4th July) and levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50,100, 150 and 200kg/ha) on growth components of Sorghum almum were investigated. Planting in mid-June (14th June) in 1990 and early-July (4th July) in 1991 resulted in superior stand established and dry matter yields (p<0.05) than other dates. In mid-June and early-July planting 14 day post-planting, plant densities were 7.0 and 9.0 culms/m2 while plant heights were 20.4 and 11.3cm for the respective years. It had high tillering capacity and irrespective of date of planting (except for early-June planting) plant densities by 56 days post-planting (DPP) were greater than 100 culms/m2. Plant height at this stage were greater than 100 culms/m2 and were generally above 200cm. ninety DPP the pasture was at full bloom/hard dough stage. Dm yields then ranged from 8.0 to 11.4 tDM/ha in 1990 and 9.6 to 14.7 tDM/ha in 1991. Similarly seed yield for the respective years were 894.7 and 836.3 kg/ha. Fertilizer application (p<0.05) plant vigour, tillering and dry matter yield up to the highest N applied. In the first years trial, plant density at 35 days post-planting ranged from 12.0 to 29.0 culms/m2 while in the second year the ranged was 13.0 to 26.0 culms/m2. The corresponding values at 56 DPP (i.e 42 days following N application) were 32.0 to 81.0 and 45.0 to 101.0 culms/m2. Dry matter yields rose steadily from 6.5 to 12.5 tDM/ha in 1990 and from 8.9 to 13.6 tDM/ha in 1991 as fertilizer was increased 0 to 200 kgN/ha. Seed yield during the same period for the respective years varied from 416.0 to 753.0kg/ha. This study has shown that planting between mid-June and early-July with fertilize application of 100 to 200 khN/ha favour S. almum establishment and production in the northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria
RESPONSE TO METHIONINE SUPPLEMENTATION OF BROILER CHICKS FED PRACTICAL CORN-GROUNDNUT MEAL DIETS IN THE TROPICS
Authors: Njike M. C. , Ndife L. I. 
Published: March 2021

Two floor feeding trials, involving 1000 broiler chicks fed two different practical-type diets, were conducted in order to determine the methionine and total sulphur amino acid (TSAA) requirements of broiler chicks 0-6 weeks). Two protein levels (20 and 23%) each with an energy concentration of 2800 Kcal ME (kg diet and four supplemental methionine levels (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4%) were tested. At the end of 6 - week feeding period, a common finisher ration was fed to 10 weeks of age. Under our experimental circumstances with dietshaving 23% protein and metabolizable energy of 2800 Kcal ME/kg diet and based on assumed methionine and cystine content of feeding stuff, the quantitative requirement for methionine of broiler chicks up to six weeks of age were about 0.53% diet which is equivalent to 2.3% of the dietary protein (or TSSA of 0.85 per cent diet, that is 3.7 per cent protein). Higher supplemental methionine at this protein and energy levels resulted in deterioration in liveweight gain and slight but non-significant improvement in feed/gain ratio. The rations containing 20% protein performed poorly relative to those containing 23%. Feeding of high quality common finisher rations neutralized the initial gains due to supplemental methionine within each protein levelbut did not offset the gains due to different dietary proteins.
ANALISIS FAKTOR KEJADIAN PHLEBITIS DENGAN SIMULASI MODEL FISIS ALAT TERAPI INTRAVENA
Authors: Kurniatie Menik Dwi 
Published: March 2021

Intravenous therapy through long-term infusion is at risk for complications such as phlebitis. The influence of medical factors with a history of hypertension and mechanical factors based on the location of the position of infusion is the main study of the causes of phlebitis.One of the causes of phlebitis is the flow of intravenous fluids which is not proportional to the volume of infusion fluid. Intravenous Therapy Devices with the aim of assessing the physical phenomena modeling experiments intravenous therapy with the theory of fluid mechanics and prove the existence of linkage patient's blood pressure and height of intravenous fluid drop rate. The research method is experimental with the physical modeling of intravenous therapeutic devices. Physical model of intravenous therapy devices using a manometer to measure the pressure tube as diastolic pressure and variation on fluid infusion used was NaCl 0.9% and Glucose 5%. The results of this research was obtained diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg produced a drop rate of fluid infusion is almost constant with a maximum height of a standard intravena pole 1meter, while at an altitude above the altitude variation of normal use by 90 mmHg diastolic pressure with height variations of 1.1 to 1.3 meters yield drop rate a linear of infusion liquid to height variations. So to prevent turbulence of intravenous fluids (the cause of phlebitis) by increasing the location standard for infusion
PERANAN MINUMAN DARI EKSTRAK JAHECANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Supriani Anik 
Published: March 2021

Minuman ekstrak jahecang merupakan minuman penghangat yang bahannya berasal dari rempah-rempah tanaman obat jahe, secang, kapulaga, daun sereh ditambah peerasanya kayu manis dan daun mint. Terdapatnya bahan-bahan berkhasiat tersebut dalam ekstrak jahecang telah terbukti bermanfaat bagi kesehatan, saat ini mulai banyak dicari orang untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan kesehatan terutama dalam pencegahan penyakit. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan minuman dari ekstrak jahecang. Metodelogi penulisan ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan metode studi referensi. Data yang diambil ada dua jenis yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari survey terhadap responden yang telah mengkonsumsi ekstrak jahecang yang ditentukan secara sengaja. Data sekunder diperoleh dari berbagai sumber diantaranya jurnal, prosiding seminar, laporan penelitian, dan tesis.Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa beberapa bahan dalam minuman ekstrak jahecang dapat mencegah dan meminimalkan terjadinya penyakit degeneratif yaitu antioksidan, menurunkan kolesterol, mencegah osteoporososis anti diare, anti kanker, sehigga masyarakat yang minum ekstrak jahecang dapat meningkat kesehatannya. Diperlukan semangat, kemauan, kemampuan, pengetahuan dan ketrampilan untuk melestarikan, dan mengembangkan minuman ekstrak jahecang sehingga masyarakat bukan hanya tahu akan tetapi memahami manfaatnya yang banyak selain untuk apek-capek dan masuk angin.
ANALISIS JUMLAH DAN MORFOLOGI Penicillium spp PADA MEDIA AMPAS TAHU
Authors: Prayekti Endah , Sumarsono Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Tofu waste is generally used for animal feed, potential for biogas production, and as a traditional food. Opportunities for the use of tofu waste are very wide because of the high nutrient content of tofu waste. Tofu waste nutrient content has the potential to be utilized as an alternative medium for mold growth. One type of mold that is often analyse in the laboratory is from the genusPenicillium. This study aims to determine the composition of an alternative growth media from tofu waste for Penicillium spp. This study is an experimental laboratory with the independent variable of tofu waste mass (0,1,2,3,4,5 gr) and sucrose mass (0,2,4,6 gr), while the dependent variable observed from this study includes the amount Penicillium spp colonies and their growth characteristics in tofu waste media. Both dependent variable observed then compared with Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) as commercial media Tofu waste composition used in this study were (gr/100mL) : tofu waste (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 gr), sucrose (0, 2, 4, 6 gr), aquadest (100mL), and agar powder (1,5gr). Statistical results using the Kruskal-Wallis Test showed the difference of the use of sucrose 2 and 6 gr in the media on thePenicillium spp colonies number. Colony morphology showed better performance at 5 gr of tofu waste mass. Morphological analysis shows the differences in morphological characters which are quite far from commercial media as a control using PDA. As conclusion, tofu waste media can be used to growPenicillium spp, but it is necessary to add some components both in the form of elements and compounds to tofu waste media to be able to display results that can approach commercial media.