bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Alpukat sebagai Anti Kolesterol
Authors: Muqowwiyah Lilik Zubaidatul , Dewi Ratna Kumala 
Published: December 2021

Kolesterol merupakan senyawa komplek yang diperlukan oleh tubuh untuk mengatur proses kimia dalam tubuh. Namun jika kadar kolesterol dalam darah sangat tinggi akan berbahaya untuk tubuh serta menyebabkan hiperkolesterolemia. Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan kondisi dimana jumlah kolesterol dalam tubuh melebihi batas normal, yang akan berdampak pada penyakit jantung koroner. Penyakit hiperkolesterolemia dapat diatasi dengan menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Salah satu cara untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah dengan mengkonsumsi ekstra daun alpukat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat ekstra daun alpukat untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan adalah penelitian menggunakan studi kepustakaan, dalam pengumpulan data dan informasi terkait yang kemudian diolah dan disajikan secara deskriptif dalam bentuk pembahasan. Sumber data dan informasi didapat dari jurnal yang terkait dengan kolesterol dan alpukat yang terbit secara online. Hasil dari kegiatan studi kepustakaan adanya upaya untuk menjaga kesetabilan kadar kolesterol dalam darah dengan cara mengkonsumsi ekstrak daun alpukat, serta untuk mencegah terjadinya hiperkolesterolemia. Pemberian ekstrak daun alpukat dengan konsentrasi berbeda dapat berpengaruh terhadap perbedaan kadar kolesterol dalam darah, sehingga pemberian variasi konsentrasi sedikit mampu dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah
Metabolomics Profiling in Prediction of Immunotherapy Efficacy in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: LI Ying , ZHANG Zhi-hua , LI Xu-shuo , YANG Ying , QI Rui-Xue 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore potential metabolomics biomarker in predicting the efficacy and the survival outcomes after the first-line programmed death-1 (PD-1) immunotherapy in the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A total of 46 consecutive eligible patients were assigned to receive first-line PD-1 immunotherapy. Serum samples were prospectively collected before initial treatment to perform metabolomics profiling analyses under the application of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The metabolomics signatures were extracted by using a binary least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and calculated as a metabolomics score by liner fit for each patients. The metabolomics score was further combined with the clinical predictors to build a metabolomics nomogram for predicting the immunotherapy efficacy in advanced NSCLC patients. The ROC curves were used to evaluate the predicting performance of the metabolomics score, the clinical predictors and the metabolomics nomogram.Results: Seven metabolites including Urea, Tyrosine, L-threonine, Xylitol, Thymol, Linoleic acid and DL-isoleucine were identified associated with the immunotherapy response. Age was identified as the clinical predictor by the logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92-1.00) for metabolomics score, 0.72 (95% CI: 0.53-0.91) for the clinical predictor and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.93-1.00) for the metabolomics nomogram in differentiating progressive disease (PD) groups from disease control (DC) groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) after immunotherapy in patients with low risk was significantly longer than those with high risk in the metabolomics nomogram (11.8 vs.2.8 months, P < .001). Conclusion: This study developed an effective and convenient discriminant metabolomics nomogram that can predict the efficacy and the survival outcomes of PD-1 immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC.
Spatio-temporal Attention Network for Student Action Recognition in Classroom Teaching Videos
Authors: Huang Yongkang , Liang Meiyu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Inspired by the wide application of transformer in computer vision and its excellent ability in temporal feature learning. This paper proposes a novel and efficient spatio-temporal residual attention network for student action recognition in classroom teaching video. It first fuses 2D spatial convolution and 1D temporal convolution to study spatio-temporal feature, then combines the powerful Reformer to better study the deeper spatio-temporal characteristics with visual significance of student classroom action. Based on the spatio-temporal residual attention network, a single person action recognition model in classroom teaching video is proposed. Considering that there are often multiple students in the classroom video scene, on the basis of single person action recognition, combined with object detection and tracking technology, the association of temporal and spatial characteristics of the same student targets is established, so as to realize the multi-student action recognition in classroom video scene. The experimental results on classroom teaching video dataset and public video dataset show that the proposed model achieves higher action recognition performance than the existing excellent models and methods.
Assessing The Impact of Land Cover On Groundwater Quality In a Smart City Using GIS And Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Anjum Rukhsar , Ali Sk Ajim , Siddiqui Mansoor Alam 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the impacts of land cover on groundwater quality by integrating physico-chemical data and satellite imageries. Initially, fourteen groundwater parameters of both pre-monsoon and post-monsoon were collected from nineteen sampled stations and water quality index (WQI) was calculated. Consequently, Google earth, Landsat-8, and Sentinel-2A imageries were considered for land cover mapping including the concentration of settlement and urban built-up, greenery coverage, and micro-level land use. Two machine learning models such as artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest (RF) were used for pixel-based classification and establish spatial relation between water quality and land cover. This study trained and tested the models for the whole study area as well as 500m buffers from each sampled station. The result of model’s validation including mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), Kappa statistic (K), Overall accuracy of model (OAC), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC), indicated that random forest classifier has better performance than the artificial neural network. The results show that the testing dataset of pre-monsoon season has higher accuracy with MAE 0.343, RMSE 0.397, K-value 0.55, and ROC value 0.838 to envisage the impact of land cover on groundwater quality in comparison to post-monsoon season. The results also reveal that the classification accuracy is greater within 500m buffer areas in comparison to the whole study area with a close to 0 value of MAE and RMSE, and absolutely 1 value of K and ROC. Based on the above findings, the present study suggested to consider a large scale for determining the controlling factors of groundwater degradation.
A study On Support Selection Mechanism In Tendrils of Cayratia Japonica
Authors: Saito Kazuya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Organisms make decisions when they perceive cues of varying intensities. In case of climbing plants, the diameter of supports in contact (tree or stem) is an important cue for their growth as plants that coil around a support with large diameter are unable to maintain tensional forces required for continued attachment to the support. The negative association between the diameter and the climbing success has been reported since Darwin published his study on climbing plants. However, it is not known if a climbing plant makes a decision to avoid a support with larger diameter. Here, we tested this possibility by observing the coiling response of tendrils of Cayratia japonica to supports with different diameters. The coiling success of the tendrils was affected by the diameter of the support and the tendril lengths. We described the branching pattern of coiling response and demonstrated that the tendrils change their coiling shape depending on the support diameter and the tendril length. To understand the behavioural rules regulating the branching, we constructed a simple model with two assumptions on the tendril movement, (1) when the tendrils receive a contact stimulus, they begin to coil from around the contact point and (2) there is a minimum coiling angle at which the tendrils coil up, once the tendril starts coiling. Image analysis and 3D motion tracking technique revealed that the movement of the tendrils were consistent with the two assumptions of the model. The results suggested that the tendrils flexibly changed the coiling shapes depending on the support diameter and simple behavioural rules could regulate this diameter-dependent response.
Self-efficacy, Socio-Demographic Factors, and Social Support in Women after Pregnancy Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Iwanowicz-Palus Grażyna , Mróz Mariola , Bień Agnieszka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Pregnancy loss is a difficult situation that can affect a woman’s physical and psychological health, and thus requires appropriate management and support. An individual’s sense of self-efficacy is an important factor in the process of coping with a problem. Therefore, an analysis of self-efficacy in women after spontaneous pregnancy loss is warranted, so as to establish its association with social support, socio-demographic variables, quality of care, and specific behaviors of the medical staff.Methods The cross-sectional study was performed in a group of 610 patients hospitalized due to spontaneous pregnancy loss in hospitals in Lublin (Poland). The study used a diagnostic survey with questionnaires - Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS), and a standardized interview questionnaire.Results Patients after pregnancy loss rated support from their partner the highest (M = 9.25), while the best-rated category of social support was perceived as available instrumental support (M = 3.78). In relation to medical personnel, the quality of care provided by midwives was rated the highest (M = 4.57). The mean self-efficacy score among the respondents was 30.29. The study demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) association between the selected socio-demographic factors and the specific types and sources of support on the one hand, and generalized self-efficacy on the other, in the patients after pregnancy loss who were studied. Conclusions Socio-demographic factors that affected self-efficacy in the respondents included their relationship status and socio-economic standing. Self-efficacy is positively correlated with social support in women after pregnancy loss.
Happiness as a Measure of Mental Health – Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire
Authors: Figueiredo-Braga Margarida , Pinto Filipe , Ribeiro José Luís Pais 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Happiness is a complex concept that has been associated with mental health. Measures of happiness incorporate affective states predisposition and personality traits. Following the link established between subjective wellbeing and positive emotions and mental health, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) may be considered a broad measure of personal happiness. We aimed to validate OHQ in the Portuguese speaking population. METHODS: A sample of 421 young adults fulfilled the 29 and 8-item items of OHQ Portuguese version. Participants also completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A principal component analysis with Varimax rotation, Kaiser rule, complemented by a scree plot graphical representation, was performed. RESULTS: Seven components of the OHQ explained 58.22% of the total variance, and a correlation of 0.90 between the long 29 items version and the 8 items short version. Both versions related inversely with negative feelings (depression, anxiety, and stress), and directly with subjective happiness. CONCLUSION: The OHQ performs as a happiness assessment tool suitable for patients and healthy populations. The application of this questionnaire may furthermore contribute to clarify the concept of happiness and test the real usefulness of these tools in the clinical setting.
Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastases from Small Cell Lung Cancer: Report of One Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lu Huanbing , Liu Jinfeng , Sun Chenglong , Wang Zhanggu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Spinal cord intramedullary metastasis (ISCM) is a rare malignant tumor of the nervous system. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 15% of lung cancer, and the incidence of brain metastasis is high, but intramedullary spinal cord metastasis is rare. In recent years, the first-line treatment of patients with ISCM from SCLC has been controversial. For these patients with ISCM, the options are usually depending on the progression of the disease.However,the outcom of treatments are not satisfacted.Thus,We try to indentify the use of immunotherapy in ISCM from SCLC.
Methods

In our review, we focused on clinical trials of immunotherapy, especially in relation to ISCM in SCLC.
Results

A patient was diagnosed as ISCM from SCLC. Radiotherapy for ISCM was started on January 11, 2021 Apatinib was taken orally after radiotherapy. The overall survival was almost 8 months, and there was only 1 month after ISCM was diagnosed.
Conclusion

Finding practical treatment options for SCLC is an important goal. Previous trials have shown that immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors may be an effective approach for long-term disease control and a new breakthrough in the treatment of ISCM form SCLC.
An Immune-related Gene Signature of Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis and Responses to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang Ke-wei , Wang Mei-dan , Wang Hua , Huang Jian-feng , Wu Xiao-long , Yuan Qin-fang , Li Ling-jun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundImmune-related genes have been used as prognostic markers in multiple types of tumors. We aimed to develop an immune-related gene signature for predicting individual lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer (GC) patients, characterize the molecular and immune profiles of different risk patients and assess the potential value of this signature identifying patients with response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment.MethodsA total of 1338 GC patients from a training dataset, three external silico validation datasets and an external clinical dataset were included in this study. The microarray analysis was used to detect differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIGs) between lymph node metastatic and non-lymph node metastatic gastric cancer tissues. Subsequently, we built a lymph node metastasis gene signature for gastric cancer (LGSGC), and then classified patients into low-risk and high-risk groups according to the LGSGC. Moreover, we implemented association analysis for this signature and the prognosis, molecular characteristics, immune profiles and the response of ICI treatment in different risk GC patients. Resultshe receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis (an area under curve [AUC] values of 0.85) showed that the LGSGC could distinguish lymph node metastatic patients from non-lymph node metastatic patients in the training dataset. Additionally, compared to low-risk group, high-risk group exhibited worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]=2.42) in the training dataset. Robust diagnostic and prognostic clinical ability of the LGSGC were successfully validated in four validation datasets. Next, the high-risk patients were characterized by active cancer and immune response-related pathways, high TP53, CSMD3 and FAT4 mutation rate, high infiltration of Neutrophils, M1 Macrophages, M0 Macrophages, M2 Macrophages, T cells gamma delta and T cells follicular helper, more abundant check point, more aggressive inflammation and Type I IFN response, and more benefit from ICI. On the contrary, low-risk patients were characterized by active cancer and tumor metabolism-related pathways, low TP53 mutation rate, high infiltration of Mast cells resting, NK cells resting, Plasma cells and T cells CD4 memory resting, and less benefit from ICI therapy. Of note, we also validated the LGSGC, which identified patients having response to ICI treatment with an AUC value of 0.71 in an advanced GC dataset and an AUC value of 0.64 in an IMvigor210 dataset. ConclusionsThe LGSGC is a reliable indicator to distinguish LNM in GC and could discriminate the prognosis, molecular characteristics, immune profiles and the response of ICI treatment in different risk groups. This signature may provide a reference for treatment decisions for different risk GC patients.
A Comparative Study On The Effect Of Telephone And SMS Follow-Up of An Empowerment Program On Quality of Life And Fatigue In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Three-Month RCT-Follow-Up Study
Authors: Dehkordi Parisa Fathizadeh , Haidari Haydeh , Masoudi Reza , Sedhi Morteza , Khajeali Fereydoon 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Due to their debilitating and progressive conditions, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) can reduce patients' quality of life (QOL) and cause fatigue. This study aimed to compare the effect of telephone and SMS follow-up of an empowerment program on QOL and fatigue in patients with COPD.Methods: This non blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) study was conducted on 105 patients with COPD in 2016-2017 in Shahrekord city. First, the pulmonary empowerment program was implemented for six 90-min sessions. Then, the patients were randomly assigned to three control, telephone follow-up, and SMS follow-up groups (35 individuals in each group) using a random number table. Data were collected in the first and the sixth sessions of the empowerment program and at the end of the follow-up period by demographic, QOL, and fatigue questionnaires. Eventually, they were analyzed through correlation coefficient and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests using SPSS software (Ver. 20).Results: The study results on QOL showed that the groups were not significantly different before and after the empowerment (p > 0.05). However, they were statistically significant differences were observed between the groups at the end of the quarterly follow-up period (p < 0.001). ANOVA results for fatigue indicated no statistically significant differences between the groups before and after the empowerment (p > 0.05). The three groups were not significantly different after the intervention (p = 0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results, it is recommended to utilize follow-up as an important principle in empowerment using various technology methods and design more comprehensive empowerment to reduce patient fatigue.Trial registration: Iran National Committee for Ethics in Biomedical Research (IR.SKUMS.REC.1398.104) and the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20170122032101N4) (6/4/2020).
Immobility due to COVID-19 confinement, use of contraceptives and presence of the G20210A mutation. Validity of the Virchow triad for the presentation of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism.
Authors: Casique-Bocanegra Luz , Rodríguez-Garrote Aranzazu , Danabayeva Gaisha , Alonso-Díaz Javier , Diez-Martín Noelia , Gonzalez-Tejedor Laura , Lumbrera-Moreno Eva , Fernández-Cuadros Marcos Edgar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Venous thromboembolic disease is a complex and multifactorial pathology, the result of the interaction of both genetic and environmental factors. The Virchow triad, first described in 1859, is still valid to explain the pathogenesis of thrombosis, where three main factors are reflected: a) hypercoagulable state; b) impaired blood flow; c) endothelial injury. The outbreak of a new COVID-19 pandemic has led to drastic confinement measures, with the consequent syndrome of immobility, as occurred in Spain between the months of March to June 2020. Pregnancy and hormonal contraception have proven to be an environmental factor predisposing to venous thrombosis. The presence of genetic factors, such as the mutation of the prothrombin gene G20210A, has been shown to be a risk factor for the presentation of venous thrombosis. We present the case of a 23-year-old non-smoking woman, a heterozygous carrier of a prothrombin gene mutation G20210A (hypercoagulability), who after confinement due to COVID-19 (impaired blood flow due to immobility) and use of hormonal patch contraceptives (endothelial abnormality), triggered deep vein thrombosis (DVT) / pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) that required hospital admission; and who, after rapid withdrawal of anticoagulant treatment, presented a second and a third episode of DVT. We highlight the usefulness of evaluating risk factors in G20210A heterozygous patients and the proper management of anticoagulation to avoid recurrences in patients susceptible to DVT / PE.
Long-distance Localization of 4Cr13 Stainless Ball-pocket in Radiative Region
Authors: huayan he , guangyuan wang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Radiation caused by high-energy particles would speed up the damage of accelerator equipment. The high residual radiation from equipment affects staff health as well. Intelligent robots receive various limits to replace human in completing complex and time-consuming maintenance in radiative region because of high sensitivity to radiation. The 4Cr13 stainless ball-pocket was designed in the study of localization in long distance with the advantages of the conical fit technology. Moreover, the 4Cr13 stainless ball-pocket and bearing ball combine and form a locating structure, which has good performance on automatic aligning, self-locking and rapid dismantling. The comprehensive mechanical properties of 4Cr13 stainless ball-pocket were studied and optimized based on three heat treatment methods of martensite steel containing chromium alloy. The study of machining conditions states that compared with the design accuracy of localization, the machining error retains definite allowance. The 4Cr13 stainless ball-pocket successfully exhibits sufficient supporting strength, wearing reducing and radiation resistance. This study shows that 4Cr13 stainless ball-pocket has better fitting precision than 0.2 mm in practice. This study could offer a reliable strategy and measure for long-distance localization in other dangerous regions.