bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effectiveness of three‐dimensionally printed anatomical models compared with plastinated human specimens in learning cardiac and neck anatomy: A randomized crossover study
Authors: Mogali Sreenivasulu Reddy , Chandrasekaran Ramya , Radzi Shairah , Peh Zhen Kai , Tan Gerald Jit Shen , Rajalingam Preman , Yee Yeong Wai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThree‐dimensional printing (3DP) technology has been increasingly applied in health profession education. Yet, 3DP anatomical models compared with the plastinated specimens as learning scaffolds are unclear. A randomized‐controlled crossover study was used to evaluate the objective outcomes of 3DP models compared with the plastinated specimens through an introductory lecture and team study for learning relatively simple (cardiac) and complex (neck) anatomies. Given the novel multimaterial and multicolored 3DP models are replicas of the plastinated specimens, it is hypothesized that 3DP models have the same educational benefits to plastinated specimens. This study was conducted in two phases in which participants were randomly assigned to 3DP (n = 31) and plastinated cardiac groups (n = 32) in the first phase, whereas same groups (3DP, n = 15; plastinated, n = 18) used switched materials in the second phase for learning neck anatomy. The pretest, educational activities and posttest were conducted for each phase. Miller's framework was used to assess the cognitive outcomes. There was a significant improvement in students' baseline knowledge by 29.7% and 31.3% for Phase 1; 31.7% and 31.3% for Phase 2 plastinated and 3DP models. Posttest scores for cardiac (plastinated, 3DP mean ± SD: 57.0 ± 13.3 and 60.8 ± 13.6, P = 0.27) and neck (70.3 ± 15.6 and 68.3 ± 9.9, P = 0.68) phases showed no significant difference. In addition, no difference observed when cognitive domains compared for both cases. These results reflect that introductory lecture plus either the plastinated or 3DP modes were effective for learning cardiac and neck anatomy.
Statistische Verteilung von Rissabständen und Rissbreiten in Stahlbetonbauteilen
Authors: Cramer Jonas , Empelmann Martin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDer Nachweis der Rissbreite verfolgt das Ziel, Maximalwerte der Rissbreite zu begrenzen, sodass der Nachweis gemäß DIN EN 1992‐1‐1 nicht auf Basis von Mittelwerten, sondern mit charakteristischen Werten erfolgt. Da entsprechende Quantilwerte oder auch Maximalwerte versuchstechnisch nur sehr aufwendig zu erfassen sind, ist eine Validierung bestehender Nachweisformeln – insbesondere für variierende Randbedingungen – schwierig. Werden dagegen experimentelle Mittelwerte verwendet, ist eine Umrechnung auf Maximalwerte bzw. definierte Quantilwerte erforderlich. Entsprechende Umrechnungsfaktoren lassen sich letztlich aus dem Verteilungstyp und der Streubreite ermitteln, wobei sich die Fachwelt bei dem Verteilungstyp von Rissabständen und Rissbreiten (zumeist normalverteilt oder log‐normalverteilt) uneins ist. Zur genaueren Untersuchung der statistischen Verteilung von Rissabständen und Rissbreiten wurde ein rheologisches Modell hinsichtlich einer freien Rissbildung erweitert und mit Versuchen validiert. Bei der anschließenden Parameteranalyse hinsichtlich der Streuung von Rissabständen und Rissbreiten zeigten sich deutliche Unterschiede zwischen der Verteilung der Rissabstände und der Verteilung der Rissbreiten, sodass die Streuung beider Parameter differenziert zu betrachten ist.
Time‐resolved X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Solvated [Ru(m‐bpy)3]2+ Complex: Electronic Structures of 3dd State
Authors: Ma Rory , Hong Kiryong , Kim Yujin , Lee Jae Hyuk , Kim Tae Kyu 
Published: August 2021

Ru L3‐edge time‐resolved X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (TR‐XAS) was applied to unravel photo‐induced excited state dynamics of solvated [Ru(m‐bpy)3]2+ (m‐bpy = 6‐methyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine) complex. The Ru L3‐edge probes 2p core‐level transitions, enabling to monitor the electronic structure of excited 3dd state. TR‐XAS and time‐dependent density functional theory were utilized to directly visualize the charge density of 3dd state around the Ru atom during the relaxation cascade of [Ru(m‐bpy)3]2+ complex. The formation of 3dd state is attributed to the reduced effective ligand field strength, which was derived from the TR‐XAS of 3dd state at 100 ps. These results highlight the role of ligand‐field 3dd state in the photo‐induced relaxation dynamics of [Ru(m‐bpy)3]2+ complex.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with HBV‐HCV coinfection in adult: Case report
Authors: Bendari Mounia , Delsa Hanane , Bouanani Nouama , Jabouri Rajaa , Darouich Safaa , Nejjari Sara , Guessous Fadila , Doghmi Kamal 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe case reported is the first case in Morocco to our knowledge. The reason for sharing this case is to facilitate knowledge transfer between physicians, caring for adult patients with HLH, with the aim to improve the outcome of these patients.
Virtual training on advanced hybrid closed‐loop system MiniMed 780G in a teenager with type 1 diabetes previously treated with multiple daily injections: A case report
Authors: Petrovski Goran , Campbell Judith , Almajali Douha , Al Khalaf Fawziya , Hussain Khalid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVirtual pump training program for novel devices in people with type 1 diabetes on multiple daily injections can be an effective tool to initiate an advanced HCL system (MiniMed 780G) and to improve glycemic control in a safe manner without severe hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
Anemia in a young Guinean male
Authors: Wilcox Nicholas S. , Tapé Chantal , Cordisco Anthony J. , Than Minh T. , Zuroff Leah , Dobkin Jane , Massa Ryan C. , Lytle Andrew G. , Bagg Adam , Min Htun , Glaser Laurel J. , Kosseim Laura M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe etiology of anemia in adults is often multifactorial. This case highlights an uncommon combination of causes of anemia and the importance of a diagnostic workup guided by a patient's unique history, risk factors, and laboratory findings.
Phosphate‐Based Self‐Immolative Linkers for Tuneable Double Cargo Release
Authors: Šimon Petr , Tichotová Markéta , García Gallardo María , Procházková Eliška , Baszczyňski Ondřej 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Eliška Procházková, Ondřej Baszczyňski, and colleagues at IOCB (Prague) and Charles University (Prague). The image depicts phosphorus‐based, double‐cargo, self‐immolative linkers capable of releasing both cargos sequentially after activation by light. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202101805.
Pasteur and chirality: A story of how serendipity favors the prepared minds
Authors: Vantomme Ghislaine , Crassous Jeanne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDuring the XIXth century, France has been the theater of many discoveries in stereochemistry thanks to prestigious physicists, chemists, and crystallographers. Among them, Louis Pasteur is certainly the father of molecular chirality (the so‐called molecular dissymmetry), and because of the exceptionally favored conditions of his famous discovery on the resolution of tartrates, his findings have often been attributed to serendipity. But let us not forget that “in the fields of observation, chance only favors the prepared minds.”
Maternal care, infant fear memory retention, and the moderating role of variations in separation‐induced ultrasonic vocalizations
Authors: Harmon‐Jones Sylvia K. , Richardson Rick 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIndividual differences in parental care predict variations in offspring anxiety across species. Here, we examined whether between‐ and within‐litter variations in maternal licking (a measure of rodent maternal care) predict infant rats’ retention of an aversive association (a predictor of later anxiety‐like behavior) and whether the relationship between maternal licking and infant fear memory is moderated by variations in infants’ solicitation of maternal care. Unique marks were drawn on each pup, coded for fading, and touched up daily across the first week of life. Mark fading was used as an index of maternal licking where greater fading suggested more maternal licking the previous day. Separation‐induced ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) were recorded to measure individual differences in solicitation of maternal care. Infants were fear conditioned at postnatal day (P) 17 and tested for fear of the conditioned stimulus (CS) 1 week later. Across litters, mark fading negatively predicted CS‐elicited fear at test for male, but not female, offspring. This relationship was moderated by number of USVs emitted at P1, such that mark fading only predicted CS‐elicited fear for males that emitted a low number of USVs. These results suggest that offspring solicitation may moderate the relationship between maternal care and fear/anxiety.
Environment‐Friendly Synergistic Abiotic Stress for Enhancing the Yield of Lipids from Oleaginous Yeasts
Authors: Chaturvedi Shivani , Sadaf Ayesha , Bhattacharya Amrik , Rout Prasant Kumar , Nain Lata , Khare Sunil Kumar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe microbial lipids isolated from oleaginous yeasts are a potential alternative to tree borne oils. There is a need to optimize and enhance the production of lipid by various stress approaches. In the present study, yeasts are subjected to physico‐chemical stresses, and growth, as well as lipid concentration at different time intervals are monitored. It is found that the nanoparticles (NP) such as Ag‐NP and Zn‐NP have an inhibitory effect on yeast growth. Most yeast strains show an increase in growth and lipid accumulation when ionic liquid (1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate) ([EMIM][OAc]) and table salt (NaCl) stress are applied. Lipid is chemically characterized using gas chromatography furnished with flame ionization detector (GC‐FID), GC/MS, and NMR techniques. It contains a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA: 74.3%), monounsaturated fatty acids (19.1%) with low amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (1.9%). The thermo‐stability study reveals that the lipid have higher volatility (380–410 °C) as closely compared with coconut oil, and much lower with respect to the winged bean oil (430–470 °C). The melting point of the lipids (37 °C) is determined through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC and physico‐chemical properties are supported that the yeast lipids may use as a cocoa‐butter substitute. Production of lipid under NaCl stress (200 × 10−3 m) is more than 60.4% higher as compared to the control. However, the combined stress effect of NaCl (200 × 10−3 m) and 15 × 10−3 m of [EMIM][OAc] results in more than 96.4% yield of lipid. The exchange of inorganic and organic ions in combined treatment forces the microbial cells to accumulate more amounts of lipid, which may form a lipid‐emulsion layer to protect the cell from osmosis. It is interestingly observed that the stress cells shift the flux to accumulate a significantly improved percentage of SFA, which could be provided better protection cover due to its expanded structure, less reactive characteristics, and completely insoluble nature in ionic‐aqueous solvent.Practical applications: Oleaginous yeast is multiplied in a very limited space, and easily scalable for sustainable production of lipid to meet its commercial demand. This novel approach for enhancing the yield of lipid with the application of synergistic stress in between NaCl and the green solvent (ionic liquid) is being reported for the first time. This lipid has potential alternative applications as cocoa‐butter.
Tunisian Pistacia atlantica Desf. Extraction Process: Impact on Chemical and Nutritional Characteristics
Authors: Salhi Manel , Gharsallaoui Mariem , Gabsi Slimane 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPlant materials have been used in different fields such as therapeutics, cosmetics, and energy for ages. Several studies have investigated seeds, whether common or not, in order to ensure a better valuation of natural resources. Among these, Pistacia atlantica Desf. has been the subject of several works on its characterization and valorization. Among the current trends in sustainable development and environmental protection, valorizing natural wild plants via green chemistry has become prevalent. One of these plants, Pistacia atlantica Desf., is a tree that grows in arid and semi‐arid areas, notably in Tunisia, and produces seeds rich in oil. In this study extracting the oil from its seeds is tried by three methods (supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2), pressure, and hexane), and the efficiency of these extraction processes is compared in order to obtain the best yield and maximize its valorization in a variety of industrial fields. The obtained oil is found to be rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic and oleic acids, with a similar acidic composition among all extraction methods. The tocopherol composition of the oil is determined using high performance liquid chromatography. The total polyphenol content is determined using the Folin‐Ciocalteu colorimetric analysis method. The results show that the seed oil of Pistacia atlantica Desf. extracted by supercritical CO2 gives the highest extraction yield (25%) and the lowest acidity and peroxide values with a high degree of oxidation at 232 and 270 nm. This method also gives the highest content of alpha, gamma, and delta tocopherol as well as total phenolic content compared to the other extraction methods. The composition of chlorophylls and carotenes in the seed oil of Pistacia atlantica Desf. is determined. Besides, the analysis of the sterol composition reveals that β‐sitosterol is still prevailing. Among all the tested extracts, the supercritical CO2 extract demonstrates the best antioxidant performance against the tested radicals. The oil extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) is of a higher quality compared to that extracted by pressure and by hexane.Practical applications: The Pistacia atlantica Desf. oil exhibits interesting physicochemical and biological characteristics. The type of extraction affects the quality of the major and minor components in the seeds. However, the supercritical CO2 method produces a better oil quality with the presence of antioxidants such as tocopherols and polyphenols. In fact, it is found that the oil extracted by the three methods has an important sterolic profile with the predominance of β‐sitosterol. According to the classification of vegetable oils, unsaturated fatty acids of atlas pistachio oil can be categorized as oleo linoleic oil, which enhances its nutritional value. Having these characteristics, the use of this oil can be considered in agrifood products.
Ziziphi spinosaeSemen Oil Enhance the Oxidative Stability of Soybean Oil under Frying Conditions
Authors: Hou Juncai , Zhou Xuan , Yu Tong , Sop Ri Tong , Ma Jiage , Wang Mingli , Wu Qinrou , Zheng Xiaoyu , Jiang Zhanmei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study is to improve the oxidative stability of soybean oil by usingZiziphi spinosaesemen oil (ZSSO). In the present study, the oxidative stability, fatty acid composition, tocopherol, and phenolic changes of soybean oil without additives and soybean oil mixed with 5% ZSSO are evaluated during frying at 180 ℃ for 18 h. Tert‐butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) and vitamin E (VE) as common antioxidants are incorporated into soybean oil for comparison. According to the results of oxidative stability assays of conjugated diene value, thiobarbituric acid value, acid values, and total polar compounds, the incorporation of ZSSO significantly restrain the lipid oxidation of soybean oil. After 18 h of frying, the soybean oil samples with ZSSO has more polyunsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols, and DPPH radical scavenging capacity, and less trans fatty acids, compared with TBHQ and VE. In addition, ZSSO‐containing soybean oil maintains a high content of phenols during the frying period, which is correlated with the increase in oxidative stability. Therefore, replacing part of soybean oil with ZSSO can effectively reinforce the performance of soybean oil under frying conditions.
Preparation of Lactams from Cyclic Anhydrides via N‐Carboxyanhydride Intermediates
Authors: Smith Simon N. , Connon Stephen J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe ring contraction‐lactamisation of anhydrides upon reaction with trimethylsilylazide in the presence of an amine catalyst has been studied. Under controlled conditions, 5,‐ 6‐ and 8‐membered ring lactams can be generated from cyclic anhydrides in an operationally simple procedure. In the case of γ‐lactams, the methodology allows for the synthesis of challenging systems incompatible with the usual disconnection involving an amine and an activated carbonyl group. The synthesis of simple larger ring lactams is hampered by inaccessible monomeric cyclic anhydride precursors ‐ a problem which can be circumvented through rigidification. Succinic anhydrides make N‐carboxyanhydrides of use in polymer chemistry and as β‐peptide precursors.
Motor performance and back pain in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Noll Matias , Kjaer Per , Mendonça Carolina Rodriguess , Wedderkopp Niels 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveMotor performance during childhood and adolescence is recognized as a relevant determinant of present and future health, but its effects on back pain (BP) remain unclear. In this systematic review, we aimed to identify the association between motor performance and BP in children and adolescents.Databases and Data TreatmentA literature search was performed in the MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL databases. We included cross‐sectional, cohort, case‐control and controlled clinical trials (data from control groups). The inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) participants aged 6–19 years; (b) assessment motor performance components; (c) assessment of BP and (d) reported measures of association. The risk of bias was assessed by the Downs and Black instrument and the quality of evidence by the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE).ResultsA total of 2360 articles were identified, 25 of which were included in our systematic review. Of the 25 studies, 19 were evaluated as having a low risk of bias. GRADE indicated that 20 studies presented low or very low quality. Most of the studies evaluated flexibility (n = 16), muscle endurance (n = 18) and muscle strength (n = 9). Aerobic capacity, balance and speed were also examined in some studies (n < 5). Overall, motor performance (flexibility, muscle endurance, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, balance and speed) was not associated with BP. Most of the results were inconsistent because of the lack of studies, risk of bias and low quality of evidence. Only trunk extensor muscle endurance was associated with decreased BP with moderate quality of the supporting evidence. Prospective studies with a low risk of bias are warranted to further clarify this relationship in childhood and adolescence and findings may support more targeted and effective health promotion interventions.SignificanceThis systematic review shows that motor performance (flexibility, muscle endurance, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, balance and speed) was not associated with BP in children and adolescents. Most of the results were inconsistent because of the lack of studies, risk of bias and low quality of evidence. Only trunk extensor muscle endurance was associated with decreased BP with moderate quality of supporting evidence.
FRET in Orthogonal, Increasingly Strain‐Rigidified Systems
Authors: Langhals Heinz , Dietl Christian , Mayer Peter 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe influence of the geometry factor κ on the efficiency of energy transfer by FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) was studied by means of dyads of benzoperylene and perylene interlinked by a spacer of the cage bicyclo‐[2.2.2]octane. The electronic transition moments were arranged orthogonally for extinguishing the energy transfer according to Förster's theory. In contrast to the theory energy transfer proceeded unrestrictedly attributed to molecular vibrations. A further rigidifying of the spacer by means of annellation with benzo groups until the very rigid triptycene as a spacer could not hinder the energy transfer so that general strongly coupled molecular framework vibrations seem to be dominant in the energy transfer whereas molecular flexibility seems to be of minor importance. Application such as molecular mirrors are discussed.
Filter‐free self‐power CdSe/Sb2(S1−x,Sex)3 nearinfrared narrowband detection and imaging
Authors: Li Kanghua , Lu Yue , Yang Xuke , Fu Liuchong , He Jungang , Lin Xuetian , Zheng Jiajia , Lu Shuaicheng , Chen Chao , Tang Jiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAccurate and clear bioimaging is crucial in the field of medical diagnosis. High‐quality bioimaging requires to avoid the effects of ambient light as well as the absorption of biological tissues. Nearinfrared (NIR) narrowband detectors located at wavelength from 650 to 900 nm can meet these requirements; thus, they are the potential solution. In this work, we construct a filter‐free and self‐power NIR narrowband photodetector based on the structure of n‐CdSe/p‐Sb2(S1‐x,Sex)3 heterojunction, and achieve a narrow spectral response at 735 nm with a full width at half‐maximum of 35.3 nm in the detector. Further, the imaging characteristics of the NIR narrowband detector are explored, verifying the ability to narrowband detection and imaging. This filter‐free and self‐power NIR narrowband detector shows considerable promise in real‐life applications.image
Synergic effects of ultrasound and laser therapies on mesentery for management of obesity and diabetes in rats
Authors: Paolillo Fernanda Rossi , Campos Thays Yara Teófilo Borges , Alvarez Carolina , Sene‐Fiorese Marcela , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , de Oliveira Duarte Ana Cláudia Garcia , Parizotto Nivaldo Antonio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNowadays, the mesentery as a new organ was discovered. Mesenteric events may play an important role in the pathophysiology of several diseases. The aim of our study was investigate the synergic effects of ultrasound (US) and laser therapies on mesentery in obese‐hyperglycemic rats. The 25 male Wistar rats were randomized into five groups. Obese nondiabetic (OND) group: obese rats without diabetes and no treatment conditions; SHAM group: obese‐hyperglycemic rats treated with placebo; US group: obese‐hyperglycemic rats treated with US; LASER group: obese‐hyperglycemic rats treated with laser and; US+LASER group: obese‐hyperglycemic rats treated with US plus laser. An animal model of type 2 diabetes based on a hyperlipidemic diet combined with a low dose of streptozotocin was used in this study. Body mass and biochemical measurements were performed. GOT and GPT level showed a significant reduction in the treated groups than SHAM. The total cholesterol, triglycerides and very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels showed significantly lower values for the US+LASER group. There was also reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases evidenced by Castelli index in the treated groups than SHAM. This study showed that the US and laser treatment on mesentery resulted to an improvement in biochemical measurements of the obese‐hyperglycemic rats, especially the total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL levels.