bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the features of structural-phase transformations in the processing of waste from the production of high-alloy steels
Authors: Borysov Viacheslav , Solomko Tetiana , Yamshinskij Mykhail , Lukianenko Ivan , Tsymbal Bohdan , Andreev Andrey , Bratishko Viacheslav , Bilko Tamara , Rebenko Victor , Chorna Tetiana 
Published: September 2021

This paper reports a study into the peculiarities of the structural-phase composition of the alloy obtained by using anthropogenic waste from the production of high-alloy steels involving reduction melting. That is necessary for determining the technological parameters that could help decrease the loss of alloying elements in the process of obtaining and using a doped alloy. This study has shown that at an O:C ratio in the charge of 1.84, the alloy consisted mainly of the solid solution of carbon and alloying elements in α-Fe. The manifestation of Fe3C C carbide with alloying elements as substitution atoms was of relatively weak intensity. At the O:C ratios in the charge of 1.42 and 1.17, there was an increase in the intensity of the Fe3C carbide manifestation. At the same time, the emergence of the carbide compounds W2C·Mo2C and WC was identified. Several phases with different content of alloying elements were present in the microstructure images. Cr content in the examined areas changed in the range of 0.64–33.86 % by weight; W content reached 41.58 % by weight; Mo –19.53 % by weight; V – 18.55 % by weight; Co – 3.95 % by weight. The carbon content was in the range of 0.28–2.43 % by weight. Analysis of the study results reveals that the most favorable ratio of O:C in the charge was 1.42. At the same time, the phase composition was dominated by a solid solution of the alloying elements and carbon in α-Fe. The share of the residual carbon concentrated in the carbide component was in the range of 0.52–2.11 % by weight, thereby ensuring the required reduction capability of the alloy when used. The study reported here has made it possible to identify new technological aspects of obtaining an alloy by utilizing anthropogenic waste, and whose indicators provide for the possibility of replacing part of standard ferroalloys when smelting steels without strict restrictions on carbon content.
Devising a toolset for assessing the potential of loan financing of projects aimed at implementing energy-saving technologies
Authors: Lesinskyi Valentyn , Yemelyanov Olexandr , Zarytska Oksana , Symak Anastasiya , Petrushka Tetiana 
Published: September 2021

This paper reports modeling the assessment of the potential of loan financing of projects aimed at implementing energy-saving technologies. An array of information to assess the potential of loan financing of these projects was formed. The methods for assessing the existing and prospective potential of loan financing of projects for the implementation of energy-saving technologies were devised. The criteria for the selection of energy-saving projects, which should be financed at the expense of loan funds, were systematized and ordered. The appropriateness of these studies is determined by the need to reduce the volume of energy consumption of non-renewable energy resources in many countries of the world. This causes the need to determine the potential of financial support, in particular the potential of loan financing, the implementation of energy-saving projects, first of all, projects for the implementation of energy-saving technologies at enterprises. The obtained theoretic and methodological results for the sample of enterprises were tested. It was established that the absolute magnitude of the potential of loan financing of projects implementing technologies that ensure reducing natural gas consumption at the studied enterprises is 42 projects and USD 1,805 thousand. As for the relative level of this potential, for the whole totality of enterprises it is: by the number of projects – 0.447; by financing volumes – 0.420. The obtained theoretical and methodological results can be applied by enterprises of all types of economic activity in assessing the magnitude of the potential of loan financing of energy-saving projects. In addition, these results can be used by the authorities in the development of the programs of preferential lending of the projects of implementation of energy-saving technologies
Implementation of packed column for biogas purification as fuel for motorcycle injection systems for performance improvement
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Mirzayanti Yustia Wulandari , Lillahulhaq Zain , Hidayat Achmad Bagus 
Published: September 2021

The use of gasoline for primary energy consumption can reduce crude oil, contained in the earth. The development of alternative fuels such as biogas and biofuel is very critical to overcoming this problem. Biogas requires purification to remove some contaminant particles that interfere with the combustion process. The packed column is generally applied to absorb and separate gas and liquid mixture. It is more efficient due to the liquid flows down the column of steam naturally without the supply of energy from outside the system. This study focuses on determining the effect of the packed column biogas purification process. Biogas is applied as an alternative fuel in spark-ignition engines (SIE). The test is carried out using a chassis dynamometer to obtain power and torque data. The use of the packed column for biogas fuel purification can produce higher performance compared to unrefined biogas. The unrefined biogas still contains impurities that can interfere with the combustion process. This condition is proven by measuring the power and torque of the vehicle on the chassis dynamometer, where the filtered biogas produces higher power and torque.
Tests were carried out both using the packed column and without the packed column. Variations from speed to torque, to power, to SFC and BMEP are considered. In this study, validation is in good agreement with previous studies. Overall, the results show that the average error between using the packed column and without the packed column for torque, power, SFC and BMEP is increased by approximately 7 %. Purification of biogas using the packed column using Ca(OH)2 can bind CO2 and obtain pure methane gas with a higher heating value.
In conclusion, the packed column for biogas purification as fuel for motorcycle injection systems can be applied
Determination of the effect of exposure conducted in KOH solutions at different temperatures on the properties of electrochromic Ni(OH)2-PVA films
Authors: Kotok Valerii , Kovalenko Vadym , Nafeev Rovil , Verbitskiy Volodymyr , Lominoga Elena , Melnyk Olena , Vlasov Sergey , Plaksiienko Iryna , Kolesnikova Larisa , Kalinichenko Volodymyr 
Published: September 2021

To determine the effect of exposure of film composite electrodes based on Ni(OH)2-polyvinyl alcohol to an alkaline solution at high temperatures on the electrochromic and electrochemical characteristics, a series of films was obtained. The films were obtained on a glass substrate coated with fluorine-doped tin oxide. The coating of the substrates was carried out by the cathodic template method under the same conditions. The resulting precipitates were treated by keeping them in an alkali solution at different temperatures: 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C for 8 hours, thereby simulating the operating conditions of an electrochromic device in a hot climate.
It was found that the exposure temperature directly affected the electrochemical and electrochromic properties of the treated films. In this case, the cyclic volt-ampere curves showed a decrease in the peak values of the current densities and a lower rate of establishment of characteristics with an increase in the treatment temperature. At a maximum treatment temperature of 70 °C, the properties of the film significantly changed towards deterioration.
According to the results of the experiments, three temperature ranges of treatment were identified. The first one was in the range up to 40 °C, in which the films showed significant electrochromic and electrochemical activity after treatment. The second interval was between 40 and 60 °C, in which the coatings showed a reversible deterioration in electrochromic and electrochemical activity. After treatment in the second interval, the films gradually restored their performance during electrochemical cycling. The third interval was from 70 °C and above. The films treated in this temperature range irreversibly lost their electrochemical and electrochromic activity.
The study also proposed mechanisms to explain changes in the characteristics of electrodes during treatment, as well as possible ways to combat temperature degradation.
Forecasting the effectiveness of the enterprise to intensify innovation and investment development, taking into account the financial component of economic potential
Authors: Bradul Alexander , Varava Larysa , Turylo Anatolii , Dashko Iryna , Varava Andrii 
Published: September 2021

The study is devoted to the problem of analysis and forecasting of the effectiveness of the results of enterprises to ensure production and economic reserves to intensify innovation and investment development in the context of monitoring the state of their economic potential. It is the basis for the formation of endogenous and exogenous capabilities of the enterprise, aimed at achieving targeted results in each area of its activities. Creating favorable conditions for economic growth of enterprises based on the intensification of innovation and investment development requires the effective implementation of production programs using the financial component of economic potential.
Based on the analysis of methodological tools for evaluating the activities of a mining and processing enterprise, formed a comprehensive methodology for quantitative and qualitative assessment of actual and projected values of performance indicators of the enterprise. It is based on determining the statistical probability of achieving a positive level of the indicator, the probability of its falling into a given interval of deviation from the recommended allowable values and an integrated assessment of the financial component of economic potential.
Approbation of the developed technique is carried out within the limits of the express analysis of effective indicators of efficiency of activity of mining and processing enterprises. The results showed that with high reliability of the forecast (more than 0.85), the recommended values of the level of margin to achieve the desired efficiency are in the range of 8÷10 %. Within a sufficient level of reliability of the forecast (not less than 0.75), the recommended values of this margin are 10÷24 %. In this case, the integrated indicator of the assessment of the financial component should be more than 0.3
Improvement of the methodology of justification of design decisions for creating an image video
Authors: Potrashkova Lyudmyla 
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the process of substantiating design decisions for creating an image video at the pre-production stage. An insufficiently thought-out image video can cause a negative effect that is destructive for the image of the advertised subject. Therefore, every decision made when creating an image video at the pre-production stage must be substantiated on the basis of a multidimensional analysis.
In this study, the content of the traditional stages of the pre-production stage has been improved by taking into account the specifics of the image video, as well as by using the questionnaire method:
the image of the advertised entity is considered as a system consisting of a set of specific qualitative characteristics of the relevant person or organization;
the main characteristics of the video being developed are determined by the results of a survey of the target audience.
The result of the study was an improved methodology for substantiating design decisions for creating an image video, which features:
1) justification of the list of components of the customer's image that need to be advertised;
2) application of the questionnaire method to determine the main characteristics of the video being developed, such as: type of video, graphic style, color scheme, duration, prevailing ways of presenting information.
The proposed methodology is concretized to substantiate decisions in the process of creating an image video of an educational program with a dual form of training. The components of the image of the educational program that need to be advertised in the video are determined based on the results of a survey of applicants and students. Expert assessment was carried out using the ranking method. When processing the results of the questionnaire, a difference was revealed in the judgments of different groups of respondents, which became the basis for setting the task of advertising several components of the image of the educational program.
The use of the proposed methodology allows making more informed decisions regarding the content and form of an image video, which will contribute to the establishment of effective relationships between the advertised subject and its stakeholders.
Development of biocarbon sorbent from corn waste with increased destructive activity in relation to oil
Authors: Khokhlov Andriy , Khokhlova Lyudmila 
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the created bioactive sorbent based on biochar from corn waste for the purification of oil-contaminated natural environments. The expediency of using biochar from corn cobs as a matrix – a carrier of microorganisms-destructors of petroleum hydrocarbons in the production of biosorbent – has been substantiated. Biochar meets the requirements for oil sorbents – environmental friendliness, oil resistance (6–8 g of oil per 1 g of sorbent), manufacturability and biocompatibility. The porous structure and chemical nature of the surface partly determines the absorbency of the material, but the dominant factor is the interaction of the hydrophobic surface with petroleum hydrocarbons. A universal oil oxidizer – a microbial complex isolated from oil-polluted natural objects, in combination with a carbon carrier, is capable of neutralizing oil pollution of various types and concentrations. It has been established that microorganisms – oil-destructors, immobilized on the surface of the sorbent, are capable of decomposing almost all oil hydrocarbons. Microorganisms immobilized on a carbon material have a great potential for destructive action. During immobilization, the viability of microbial cells is maintained, and the effect of their use is significantly increased. The use of a bioactive carbon sorbent based on biochar and immobilized natural oil-oxidizing microorganisms of a wide spectrum of action allows one to localize oil pollution and neutralize it through biodegradation. The optimal parameters for obtaining an oleophilic sorption matrix based on biochar from corn waste and for growing microbial biomass with a high destructive activity for oil hydrocarbons have been established. The optimum pyrolysis temperature is 300–350 °С, the pyrolysis time is 25–30 minutes. In this case, the sorption of oil obtained biochar reaches maximum values (6–8 g oil/gsorbent). Sufficient number of immobilized microorganisms – oil destructors 120–200·104 cells for active decomposition of oil localized on the sorbent surface. The operational characteristics of the obtained bioactive sorbents, technological features and methods of their use in cleaning the environment from oil pollution have been studied. The biosorbent does not require removal from the places of use and disposal. Cleaning of soils contaminated with oil and oil products has specific features and requires the use of agricultural techniques (loosening, moistening). The studies carried out have shown a change in the concentration of oil pollution in the soil from 40 % to 1–5 % of oil in the process of biodegradation after 3 months at positive temperatures.
PodoSighter: A Cloud-Based Tool for Label-Free Podocyte Detection in Kidney Whole-Slide Images
Authors: Govind Darshana , Becker Jan U. , Miecznikowski Jeffrey , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Dang Julien , Tharaux Pierre Louis , Yacoub Rabi , Thaiss Friedrich , Hoyer Peter F. , Manthey David , Lutnick Brendon , Worral Amber M. , Mohammad Imtiaz , Walavalkar Vighnesh , Tomaszewski John E. , Jen Kuang-Yu , Sarder Pinaki 
Published: September 2021

Significance Statement
Podocytes are depleted in several renal parenchymal processes. The current gold standard to identify podocytes considers histopathologic staining of nuclei using specific antibodies and manual enumeration, which is expensive and laborious. We have developed PodoSighter, a cloud-based tool for automated, label-free podocyte detection, and three-dimensional quantification from periodic acid–Schiff-stained histologic sections. A diverse dataset from rodent models of glomerular diseases (diabetic kidney disease, crescentic GN, and dose-dependent direct podocyte toxicity and depletion), human biopsies for steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome, and human autopsy tissue, demonstrate generalizability of the tool. Samples were derived from multiple laboratory, supporting broad application. This tool may facilitate clinical assessment and research involving podocyte morphometry.

Background
Podocyte depletion precedes progressive glomerular damage in several kidney diseases. However, the current standard of visual detection and quantification of podocyte nuclei from brightfield microscopy images is laborious and imprecise.

Methods
We have developed PodoSighter, an online cloud-based tool, to automatically identify and quantify podocyte nuclei from giga-pixel brightfield whole-slide images (WSIs) using deep learning. Ground-truth to train the tool used immunohistochemically or immunofluorescence-labeled images from a multi-institutional cohort of 122 histologic sections from mouse, rat, and human kidneys. To demonstrate the generalizability of our tool in investigating podocyte loss in clinically relevant samples, we tested it in rodent models of glomerular diseases, including diabetic kidney disease, crescentic GN, and dose-dependent direct podocyte toxicity and depletion, and in human biopsies from steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and from human autopsy tissues.

Results
The optimal model yielded high sensitivity/specificity of 0.80/0.80, 0.81/0.86, and 0.80/0.91, in mouse, rat, and human images, respectively, from periodic acid–Schiff-stained WSIs. Furthermore, the podocyte nuclear morphometrics extracted using PodoSighter were informative in identifying diseased glomeruli. We have made PodoSighter freely available to the general public as turnkey plugins in a cloud-based web application for end users.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates an automated computational approach to detect and quantify podocyte nuclei in standard histologically stained WSIs, facilitating podocyte research, and enabling possible future clinical applications.
A Jurilinguistic Analysis of Proverbs as a Concept of Justice Among the Yoruba
Authors: Ademola Oyedokun-Alli, Wasiu 
Published: September 2021

Polemical surveys of the rich cultural heritage of the peoples of Africa, especially before their contact, and eventual subjugation to the western imperialists have continued to reverberate across Africa and beyond. The surveys bemoan the abysmal disconnect between the African societies and their indigenous socio-cultural and institutional values. It has been pointed out, more than three decades ago, by Nkosi (1981) that indigenous languages formed part of a living organism forever changing to accommodate concepts and ideas which, over time, became the common heritage of all those who speak the same language. This paper examines the jurisprudential concept of justice among the Yoruba of South West Nigeria, with examples drawn from Yoruba proverbs. What linguistic instruments were available to canonize the justice systems and how were they deployed? The plethora of examples, it is found, have become etched on people’s consciousness and sensibilities, such that they become canonized into unwritten laws in many of the societies. In strict consideration of jurisprudence as the science of law, the study investigates how Yoruba proverbs constitute a corpus of linguistic materials used in informal administration of law among the Yoruba. Although lacking established benchmarks, many of the proverbs have become the codes in the process of administration of justice, which in many cases is conciliatory and not adversarial. In effect, therefore, the study is a contribution to the growing research on African linguistics and jurisprudential analysis. This viewpoint is ensconced in a metaproverb: “a re ma ja kan o si”. (Disagreements are inevitable amongst folks).
Patologi Sosial dalam Novel Dua Garis Biru Karya Lucia Priandarini
Authors: Wardani Yosy Kusuma , Karkono  
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This study focused on forms of social pathology. Dua Garis Biru's novel tells a story about teenage life who commit deviation. The deviations committed by teenagers in Dua Garis Biru's novel are juvenile delinquency, dating, sexual relations before marriage, and early-age marriage. The deviant actions will give knowledge about the importance of sex education and the importance of communication between parents so that it can increase the discussion about sexuality to the children who are already teenagers. The method of the study was qualitative descriptive. The data collection technique was a literature study by collecting books and other sources related to the problems of the study. The results of the study show that Dua Garis Biru's novel show several forms of social pathology: Bima, who likes to skip school; Dara and Bima, who have dating until they have sexual relations before marriage; and Dara, who attempts to abort the fetus. Based on the results of the study, some suggestions are delivered to the readers and further researchers. For readers, they can take positive values from Dua Garis Biru's novel. For further researchers, it is expected that it can be used as a reference for the description of social pathology in Indonesian literary works.
Keywords: pathology, Dua Garis Biru Novel, juvenile delinquency
Abstrak: Penelitian ini fokus pada bentuk patologi sosial. Novel Dua Garis Biru mengangkat cerita mengenai kehidupan remaja yang melakukan penyimpangan. Penyimpangan yang dilakukan oleh remaja pada novel Dua Garis Biru ini adalah juvenile delinquency, pacaran, hubungan seksual di luar nikah, dan pernikahan dini. perbuatan-perbuatan menyimpang ini akan memberikan pengetahuan mengenai pentingnya edukasi seks dan pentingnya komunikasi antara orangtua agar dapat meningkatkan diskusi mengenai seksualitas kepada anak-anak yang sudah beranjak remaja. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka, dengan cara mengumpulkan buku-buku dan sumber-sumber lain yang terkait dengan masalah penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel Dua Garis Biru menempatkan beberapa bentuk patologi sosial, seperti: Bima yang suka membolos, Dara dan Bima yang berpacaran sampai melakukan hubungan seksual di luar nikah, dan percobaan Dara untuk menggugurkan janin yang dikandungnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, beberapa saran disampaikan kepada pembaca dan peneliti selanjutnya. Bagi pembaca agar bisa mengambil pelajaran nilai-nilai positif dari novel Dua Garis Biru. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi mengenai gambaran patologi sosial dalam karya sastra Indonesia.
Kata kunci: patologi, Novel Dua Garis Biru, juvenile delinquency