bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chlorpromazine Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Glioblastoma Cells via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response
Authors: Matteoni Silvia , Matarrese Paola , Ascione Barbara , Ricci-Vitiani Lucia , Pallini Roberto , Villani Veronica , Pace Andrea , Paggi Marco G. , Abbruzzese Claudia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM; grade IV glioma) is characterized by a very short overall survival time and extremely low 5-year survival rates. We intend to promote experimental and clinical research on rationale and scientifically driven drug repurposing. This may represent a safe and often inexpensive way to propose novel pharmacological approaches to GBM . Our precedent work describes the role of chlorpromazine (CPZ) in hindering malignant features of GBM. Here, we investigate in greater detail the molecular mechanisms at the basis of the effect of CPZ on GBM cells.MethodsWe employed proteomics platforms, i.e., activity-based protein profiling plus mass spectrometry, to identify potential cellular targets of the drug. Then, by means of established molecular and cellular biology techniques, we assessed the effects of this drug on GBM cell metabolic and survival pathways.ResultsThe experimental output indicated as putative targets of CPZ several of factors implicated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, with consequent unfolded protein response (UPR). Such a perturbation culminated in a noticeable reactive oxygen species generation and intense autophagic response that resulted cytotoxic and abortive for six GBM cell lines, three of which growing as neurospheres, while it appeared cytoprotective for the RPE-1 human non-cancer neuro-ectodermal cell line.ConclusionThis discrepancy could be central in explaining the lethal effects of the drug on GBM cells and the relatively scarce cytotoxicity toward normal tissues attributed to this compound. The data presented here offer support to the multicenter phase II clinical trial we have undertaken, which consists of the addition of CPZ to first-line treatment of GBM patients carrying a hypo- or un-methylated MGMT gene, i.e. those characterized by intrinsic resistance to temozolomide.
Genetic Trends Estimation in IRRIs Rice Drought Breeding Program and Identification of High Yielding Drought-Tolerant Lines
Authors: Khanna Apurva , Anumalla Mahender , Catolos Margaret , Bartholomé Jérôme , Fritsche-Neto Roberto , Platten John Damien , Pisano Daniel Joseph , Gulles Alaine , Cruz Ma Teresa Sta. , Ramos Joie , Faustino Gem , Bhosale Sankalp , Hussain Waseem 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEstimation of genetic trends using historical data is an important parameter to check the success of the breeding programs. The estimated genetic trends can act as a guideline to target the appropriate breeding strategies and optimize the breeding program for improved genetic gains. In this study, 17 years of historical data from IRRI’s rice drought breeding program was used to estimate the genetic trends and assess the success of the breeding program. We also identified top-performing lines based on grain yield breeding values as an elite panel for implementing future population improvement-based breeding schemes.ResultsA two-stage approach of pedigree-based mixed model analysis was used to analyze the data and extract the breeding values and estimate the genetic trends for grain yield under non-stress, drought, and in combined data of non-stress and drought. Lower grain yield values were observed in all the drought trials. Heritability for grain yield estimates ranged between 0.20-0.94 under the drought trials, and 0.43-0.83 under non-stress trials. Under non-stress conditions the genetic gain of 0.44% (21.20 kg/ha/year) for genotypes and 0.17 % (7.90 kg/ha/year) for checks was observed. The genetic trend under the drought conditions exhibited a positive trend with the genetic gain of 0.11% (1.98kg/ha/year) for genotypes and 0.55% (9.52kg/ha/year) for checks. For combined analysis showed a genetic gain of 0.39% (12.13 kg/ha/year) for genotypes and 0.60% (13.69 kg/ha/year) for checks was observed. For elite panel selection, 200 promising lines were selected based on higher breeding values for grain yield and prediction accuracy of >0.40. The breeding values of the 200 genotypes formulating the core panel ranged between 2366.17 and 4622.59 (kg/ha).ConclusionsA positive genetic rate was observed under all the three conditions; however, the rate of increase was lower than the required rate of 1.5% genetic gain. We propose a recurrent selection breeding strategy within the elite population with the integration of modern tools and technologies to boost the genetic gains in IRRI’s drought breeding program. The elite breeding panel identified in this study forms an easily available and highly enriched genetic resource for future recurrent selection programs to boost the genetic gains.
Thermal Conductivity of Si₃N₄ Ceramics Fabricated From Carbothermal-reduction-derived Powder
Authors: Wang Yuelong , Li Xingyu , Wu Haoyang , Jia Baorui , Zhang Deyin , Zhang Yiming , Zhang Zhirui , Tian Jianjun , Qin M.L. , Qu Xuanhui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Si3N4-based ceramic (Si3N4-5wt%Y2O3-3wt%MgO) was obtained from carbothermal-reduction-derived powder combined with gas pressure sintering. The phase, microstructure, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of Si3N4 ceramics were comprehensively analyzed. Dense Si3N4 ceramic with uniform grain size was obtained after sintering at 1900°C for 7 h under a N2 pressure of 1.2 MPa. The secondary phase consisted of Y4Si2O7N2 and Y2Si3O3N4 was found to gather around triangular grain boundaries. The thermal conductivity, flexural strength, hardness and fracture toughness of the Si3N4 ceramics were 95.7 W·m-1·k-1, 715 MPa, 17.2 GPa and 7.2 MPa·m1/2, respectively. The results were compared with product derived from commercial powder, the improvement of thermal conductivity (~8.3%) and fracture toughness (~4.3%) demonstrating the superiority of Si3N4 ceramics prepared from carbothermal-reduction-derived powder.
Nerolidol, a Sesquiterpene Alcohol, Attenuates Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats
Authors: Gonçalves Meire S. S. , Silva Eric Aian P , Santos Danillo M , Santana Izabel R , Souza Diego S , Araujo Andreza M , Heimfarth Luana , Vasconcelos Carla M. L. , Santos Marcio R. V. , Barreto Rosana de S. S. , Júnior Lucindo J. Quintans , Barreto André S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have a high morbidity and mortality rate and their treatment is not effective in reducing the damage caused by tissue reperfusion during an acute myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to investigate whether nerolidol (NRD), a sesquiterpene alcohol, would attenuate the MI in isoproterenol-treated rat model. MI was induced by the administration of two doses of ISO (100 mg/kg, i.p.) in an interval of 24 h. The animals were divided into 4 groups: control (CTR) (vehicle – saline NaCl 0.9% + TWEEN 80 0.2%), ISO (ISO + vehicle), ISO + NRD (NRD 50 or 100 mg/kg). Electrocardiogram, contractile parameters, cardiac enzymes, infarction size and antioxidant parameters in the heart were measured. ISO group showed a significant rise in ST-segment, QTc and heart rate associated to a reduction of left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), +dP/dt and –dP/dt. Increase in content of creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TBARS and infarction size as well as fall in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were observed. NRD significantly prevented almost all the parameters of ISO-induced MI mentioned above. Our results suggests that nerolidol has a significant effect on the protection of heart through maintaining endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities.
Pi-kaPika: A qualitative study for trainer-owned Pokémon
Authors: Yip Ka-Huen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective

To explore insights of young people’s experiences and motivations in Pokémon GO in Hong Kong. The perspectives of young people through qualitative focus group interviews.

Results

Eight focus group discussions with young people (n=45; age from 18-25 years old) recruited in Hong Kong. We analysed the discussions using a thematic approach. Five theme categories emerged from data analysis: missing out or self-regulation, childhood memories of Pokémon, extending virtual-reality exploration, spending more time outdoors for walking and exercise, gathering together and socially interacting with others. This study sets the way for a deeper analysis of motivation factors to young people that indicate the increasing playing location-based game (LBG) via smartphones worldwide among all cohorts of society. This relatively new phenomenon of LBG may impact players’ movement, social activity, and behaviour to gain a common goal into the preferences and effects of playing LBG for young people.
Effects of wastewater type on stability and operating conditions control strategy in relation to the formation of aerobic granular sludge – a review
Authors: Hamiruddin N. A. , Awang N. A. , Mohd Shahpudin S. N. , Zaidi N. S. , Said M. A. M. , Chaplot B. , Azamathulla H. M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Currently, research trends on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) have integrated the operating conditions of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) towards the stability of AGS systems in various types of wastewater with different physical and biochemical characteristics. More attention is given to the stability of the AGS system for real site applications. Although recent studies have reported comprehensively the mechanism of AGS formation and stability in relation to other intermolecular interactions such as microbial distribution, shock loading and toxicity, standard operating condition control strategies for different types of wastewater have not yet been discussed. Thus, the dimensional multi-layer structural model of AGS is discussed comprehensively in the first part of this review paper, focusing on diameter size, thickness variability of each layer and diffusion factor. This can assist in facilitating the interrelation between disposition and stability of AGS structure to correspond to the changes in wastewater types, which is the main objective and novelty of this review.
Classification of sponge city construction modes based on regional features
Authors: Zhao Xin , Zhang Zhiming , Hu Wenhan , Qi Xiaotian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn order to make the sponge city construction model more consistent with the inherent characteristics of the city, this paper constructs classification of the sponge city construction index system. We carry out multivariate statistical and cluster analysis based on geographic information system (GIS) and classify the different regions of mainland China, putting forward key points of construction for different types of regions. The results show that climatic factor, hydrological factor and soil factor are the main factors affecting sponge city construction, followed by city scale and level of urban economic development; the third is underlying surface type and geomorphological type. The cities are classified into ten clusters, and they present a continuously zonal or flaky distribution from northeast to southwest on the whole; more than 80% of cities obviously present a continuously zonal or flaky distribution. Each of the nine clusters has at least one pilot city, which can be used as a reference for construction.
COVID-19 wastewater based epidemiology: long-term monitoring of 10 WWTP in France reveals the importance of the sampling context
Authors: Lazuka A. , Arnal C. , Soyeux E. , Sampson M. , Lepeuple A.-S. , Deleuze Y. , Pouradier Duteil S. , Lacroix S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been advanced as a relevant indicator of distribution of COVID-19 in communities, supporting classical testing and tracing epidemiological approaches. An extensive sampling campaign, including ten municipal wastewater treatment plants, has been conducted in different cities of France over a 20-week period, encompassing the second peak of COVID-19 outbreak in France. A well-recognised ultrafiltration – RNA extraction – RT-qPCR protocol was used and qualified, showing 5.5 +/− 0.5% recovery yield on heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2. Importantly the whole, solid and liquid, fraction of wastewater was used for virus concentration in this study. Campaign results showed medium- to strong- correlation between SARS-CoV-2 WBE data and COVID-19 prevalence. To go further, statistical relationships between WWTP inlet flow rate and rainfall were studied and taken into account for each WWTP in order to calculate contextualized SARS-CoV-2 loads. This metric presented improved correlation strengths with COVID-19 prevalence for WWTP particularly submitted and sensitive to rain. Such findings highlighted that SARS-CoV-2 WBE data ultimately require to be contextualized for relevant interpretation.
Synthesis of Polyhydroquinolines and 2-Amino-4H-Chromenes and their
Alkylene Bridging Derivatives using Sulfonic acid Functionalized Heterogeneous
Nanocatalyst Based on Modified Poly (Styrene-alt-Maleic Anhydride)
Authors: Nezhad Shefa Mirani , Pourmousavi Seied Ali , Zare Ehsan Nazarzadeh 
Published: September 2021

:
A highly efficient heterogeneous nanocatalyst based on modified poly (styrene-altmaleic
anhydride) (MPSAMA) in three steps was fabricated. Then, the MPSAMA surface was
modified using chlorosulfonic acid (CAS) to achieve a sulfonated MPSAMA (SMPSAMA) with
high acidity and efficiency. FT-IR spectroscopy, CHNS analysis, FESEM, and TGA were employed
to characterize the prepared nanocatalyst. The catalytic activity of the SMPSAMA was examined
for the formation of the polyhydroquinoline derivatives through Hantzsch condensation
and the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives. This new heterogeneous nanocatalyst has
been efficiently used for the synthesis of bifunctional bis polyhydroquinoline, and new alkylene
bridging bis 2-amino-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-benzo[b]pyran derivatives.
A Green Synthesis Method to Tune the Morphology of CuO and ZnO
Nanostructures
Authors: Desimone Martín F. , Galdopórpora Juan Manuel , Municoy Sofia , Ibarra Fátima , Puente Virginia , Antezana Pablo Edmundo , Echazú Maria Inés Alvarez 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Green synthesis of nanomaterials has gained interest over the years as it has
many benefits compared to conventional methods. Green methods are non-toxic and economic due to
the use of aqueous extracts as reducing agents. Yerba mate is a widely used herb in South America,
showing an available and economical alternative to conventional methods

Methods:
Different copper and zinc nanostructures were obtained using yerba mate extract (Ilex
paraguariensis) as a reducing and capping agent. Furthermore, adjusting NaCl concentration and
temperature, it was possible to successfully tune and examine the morphology of the resulting
nanostructures by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Phenolic oxidation was evaluated by Raman
spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) to assess the role of yerba
mate extract in the reaction. Moreover, antimicrobial activity versus Pseudomonas aeruginosa was
assayed, and antioxidant activity was performed by the DPPH method.

Results and Conclusion:
The present study reveals a powerful method to obtain zinc and copper
nanostructures, showing a logarithmic reduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 2.14 and 5.92
CFU/mL at 96 hours respectively and scavenger activity of 42% and 22%, respectively. These properties
highlight the potential of the nanomaterials for applications in catalysis, textile, biomedical and
agricultural fields.
Finding Appropriate Signal Peptides for Secretory Production of Recombinant Glucarpidase: An In Silico Method
Authors: Vakili Omid , Khatami Seyyed Hossein , Maleksabet Amir , Movahedpour Ahmad , Fana Saeed Ebrahimi , Sadegh Rasoul , Salmanzadeh Amir Hossein , Razeghifam Hadi , Nourdideh Sajjad , Tehrani Sadra Samavarchi , Taheri-Anganeh Mortaza 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Methotrexate (MTX) is a general chemotherapeutic agent utilized to treat
a variety of malignancies, woefully, its high doses can cause nephrotoxicity and subsequent defect
in the process of MTX excretion. The recombinant form of glucarpidase is produced by engineered
E. coli and is a confirmed choice to overcoming this problem.

Objective:
In the present study, in silico analyses were performed to select suitable SPs for the secretion
of recombinant glucarpidase in E. coli.

Methods:
The signal peptide website and UniProt database were employed to collect the SPs and
protein sequences. In the next step, SignalP-5.0 helped us to predict the SPs and the position of
cleavage sites. Moreover, physicochemical properties and solubility were evaluated using Prot-
Param and Protein-sol online software, and finally, ProtCompB was used to predict the final subcellular
localization.

Results:
Luckily, all SPs could form soluble fusion proteins. At last, it was found that PPB and TIBA
could translocate the glucarpidase into the extracellular compartment.

Conclusion:
This study showed that there are only 2 applicable SPs for the extracellular translocation
of glucarpidase. Although the findings were remarkable with high degrees of accuracy and precision
based on the utilization of bioinformatics analyses, additional experimental assessments are
required to confirm and validate it. Recent patents revealed several inventions related to the clinical
aspects of vaccine peptides against human disorders.
Prevalence of Malocclusion and Associated Variables in Preschool Children of Tbilisi, Georgia
Authors: Golovachova Elene , Mikadze Tinatin , Darjania Otar 
Published: September 2021

Background:Primary dentition is a determinant for future permanent occlusion.Objective:This aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and associated variables in the primary dentition among preschoolers in the city of Tbilisi, Georgia.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among kindergarten children aged 3–5 years. Orthodontic characteristics were assessed by one calibrated clinician (E.G). Questionnaires were given to parents to record associated variables like general health problems, functional changes, and the presence of non-nutritive sucking habits.Results:A total of 396 participants aged 3-5 were included in the study. The prevalence of malocclusion was 49.8%, without significant differences among genders. The prevalence of Class II malocclusion was 21.2%(±4.091), followed by a deep overbite,i.e, 10.7% (±3.14), crossbite,i.e, 7% (±2.561), anterior open bite,i.e, 6.9%, and Class III malocclusion,i.e, 1.6% (±1.513). A total of 41.5% of children with breathing problems had Class II and 13% had crossbite. Speech disorder in 46.8% of cases was associated with anterior open bite. Pacifier users had Class II in 22.5%, deep overbite in 12.2%, and open bite in 9.2% of cases. There was a high prevalence of anterior open bite (25.2%) in children with a thumb-sucking habit (RR=4.90). These data sets are statistically reliable (p < 0.05).Conclusion:Almost half of the evaluated preschoolers had malocclusion. The most frequent disorder was Class II. Malocclusion is associated with non-nutritive sucking habits and mouth breathing.
The Peculiarities of Professional Ideas of Visually Impaired Junior School- children with Different Level of Personal Anxiety and Aggression
Authors: Rogova Evgenia , Naumenko Marina , Rogov Evgeny , Sheveleva Anna 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The problem of purposeful systematic formation of professional ideas is particularly actual for visually impaired children in the context of reduced social contacts, at the same time an emotional sphere as a factor contributing to the compensation of the defect plays a great role for such children.

Objective:
To analyze the relationship of professional ideas of visually impaired young schoolchildren with personal components such as anxiety, aggression, level of introversion and extroversion.

Methods:
The respondents of the study were visually impaired junior students in the age from 9 to 11 years of the State public educational institution of Rostov Region, Russia “Rostov Special Boarding School Nº 38” in the amount of 94 people. We diagnosed the level of personal anxiety using the Spielberger scale. A questionnaire aimed at studying the ideas about the object of activity (E.I. Rogov) was used. Diagnostics of the level of aggression of schoolchildren was applied using the test “Cactus” (M. A. Panfilova). And the technique for diagnostics of professional activity motivation (K. Zamfir) was also used.

Results:
It has been established that the emotional and will component of professional ideas depends on the level of aggression, introversion and extroversion, from this point of view the combination of extroversion and aggression is favorable. The combination of introversion and aggression is the worst in respect of the emotional component, and introversion and non-aggressiveness is the worst in respect of the will component.

Conclusion:
The scientific categories presented in the article: professional ideas, anxiety, aggression, the degree of extroversion and introversion in the personality structure of visually impaired younger schoolchildren have certain relationships. The obtained data can be used preparing programs for purposeful formation of professional ideas of visually impaired younger schoolchildren.
Association Between Major Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors in The City of Cape Town Firefighter and Rescue Service
Authors: Ras Jaron , Leach Lloyd 
Published: September 2021

Background:Many CAD risk factors occur concurrently, increasing the odds of the development of other risk factors, which is particularly seen in male and older firefighters.Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the association and odds ratios between the various CAD risk factors in firefighters.Methods:This study used a quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational design. A total of 124 full-time firefighters, males and females, were conveniently recruited from the City of Cape Town Fire and Rescue Service. A researcher generated questionnaire was used to collect participant sociodemographic information, and all research procedures were conducted according to the ACSM guidelines. The study took place between September and November 2019.Results:There were significant associations between hypertension and age [χ2(1) = 18.0, p < 0.001, OR = 6.3 (95% CI: 2.6, 15.5)], hypertension and obesity [χ2(1) = 7.9, p = 0.005, OR = 3.0 (95% CI: 1.4, 6.6)], hypertension and diabetes [χ2(1) = 5.1, p = 0.040, OR = 4.0 (95% CI: 1.1, 14.8)], and hypertension and dyslipidaemia [χ2(1) = 8.5, p = 0.004, OR = 3.1 (95% CI: 1.4, 6.7)], family history and central obesity [χ2(1) = 3.9, p = 0.04, OR = 2.4 (95% CI: 0.9, 5.8)], and family history and central obesity [χ2(1) = 3.9, p = 0.04, OR = 2.4 (95% CI: 0.9, 5.8)].Conclusion:Increased age, central obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia increased the odds of developing other major CAD risk factors, which was predominantly apparent in male firefighters of mixed ethnicity. The City of Cape Town Fire and Rescue Service should emphasize the mitigation of these major CAD risk factors through education and behavioural modification, especially as male firefighters aged.