bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay Between Social Vulnerability Index and Coronary Artery Calcium Scores With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Albar Zainab , Salerno Pedro R.V.O , Tashtish Nour , Sirasapalli Santosh K. , Li Shuo , Nasir Khurram , Deo Salil , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Al-Kindi Sadeer 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring predicts cardiovascular risk, but social determinants of health may play a role in its prognostic ability. We examined whether the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) modifies the association between CAC and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in a community-based screening cohort.

METHODS:
We studied 49 224 participants without known cardiovascular disease referred for CAC scanning from 2014 to 2022 based on cardiovascular risk factors. SVI was determined for each participant based on the census tract. We examined 8-year incidence of MACE (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, revascularization, death) by SVI quartile across CAC score strata (0, 1–99, 100–399, ≥400). Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazard ratios for MACE, associated with demographics, metabolic factors, and CAC.

RESULTS:

Higher SVI was associated with female sex, non-White race, greater comorbidities, and higher CAC scores. The 8-year MACE rate increased monotonically by SVI quartile, with a hazard ratio of 1.54 (95% CI, 1.24–1.90,
P
<0.001) for the highest versus lowest SVI quartile after adjustment. The association between CAC score and MACE was modified by SVI, with a stronger gradient in risk across CAC strata apparent among vulnerable subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this no-cost community-based CAC cohort, SVI independently predicted adverse cardiovascular outcomes across all CAC strata. Focused efforts to mitigate the incremental risk associated with social vulnerability are needed.
On-Site in the City: Comparative Urban Aesthetics in Asia at the turn of the 21st Century
Authors: Lin Nancy P. , Dadi Iftikhar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Compelled by dramatic urban transformations in cities across Asia that have been ongoing since the late 20th and into the 21st century, artists in this region have engaged the built environment in innovative new ways. These artists move beyond simply depicting the city in earlier photojournalist, documentary, and modernist approaches to incorporate the effects of the specific sites they investigate into their modes and processes, and often even in their artistic materials. Emerging from local and interregional contexts within Asia, these creative approaches are in dialog with Western urban aesthetic forms and traditions yet also depart from them by incorporating fragments and palimpsests from their own fraught historical formation. This special issue, On-Site in the City: Comparative Urban Aesthetics in Asia at the turn of the 21st Century, brings urban artistic practices across Asia into a comparative register, highlighting artists and works from regions in South, Southeast, and East Asia, many of which include underrepresented and marginal spaces and “minor” subjectivities. Together, they illuminate a range of new aesthetic modes—from the calligraphic to the photographic, from the spectral to the speculative—that reflect 21st century urban life within postindustrial, postsocialist, and postcolonial conditions.
Back to the Site: Documentary as I Understand It
Authors: Wenguang Wu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wu Wenguang's article ‘Back to the Site: Documentary as I Understand It’ is one of the first attempts to theorize the Chinese concept of xianchang, or working on site. A location-based practice common to filmmakers and experimental artists, xianchang evolved in 1990s China both as a reaction against Socialist Realist aesthetics, and as an attempt to recuperate their socially engaged potential. This introduction explores Wu's understanding of the distinct spatial, temporal, and everyday qualities of xianchang, while locating the emergence of on-site practices in relation to the period's rapid socio-economic changes, particularly the challenges and opportunities presented by large-scale urbanization.
How Do Infants Experience Caregiving?
Authors: Thomas Ashley J. , Steele Christina M. , Gopnik Alison , Saxe Rebecca R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Almost all of human infants’ experience and learning takes place in the context of caregiving relationships. This essay considers how infants understand the care they receive. We begin by outlining plausible features of an “intuitive theory” of care. In this intuitive theory, caregiving has both a distinctive foundational structure and distinctive features that differentiate it from other social relationships. We then review methods and findings from research on infants’ understanding of people and social relationships. We propose that even before infants can use language, they may understand caregiving as an abstract intuitive theory with some features in common with how adults think about caregiving. In particular, infants understand care relationships as intimate, altruistic, and asymmetric. We review work that starts to shed light on this proposal, including the findings that infants distinguish between intimate relationships and merely positive ones and that they have asymmetric expectations of responses to distress in intimate relationships between large and small individuals. The proposal that infants can make these inferences has societal and political implications for how we structure caregiving in early life.
The Human Geography of Care
Authors: Growney Claire M. , Zaloom Caitlin , Carstensen Laura L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The exponential increase in life expectancy in the twentieth century, coupled with a significant drop in fertility in the twenty-first century, demands rethinking family-based care for older people who require assistance with activities of daily living. We argue that age diversity in the population and a trend toward urbanization represent two emerging resources on which new care models can be built. By distributing care among age-diverse groups of kin and non-kin who live in close geographical proximity, demands on individuals can be minimized and social exchanges across generations can build social bonds. In this essay, we discuss features of cities and social infrastructures that can contribute to distributed models of community-based care and provide examples of ongoing efforts that can be scaled nationally and internationally.
Care of the Dead: Ancestors, Traditions & the Life of Cultures
Authors: Ford Phil , Foster Jacob G. , Martel J. F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Humans stand apart from other animals in OUR care for children and elders. We are most distinctive, however, in our care for the dead. Such care is fraught in a modern episteme marked by disenchantment. Beginning with an analysis of exemplary individual relationships with the dead, we develop a theory of the complex links that bind present to past. Through the traces they leave, the traditions they transmit, and the institutions they build, the dead participate in countless chains of causally linked neural and material representations. These should be viewed as living things sustained by attention, memory, and action. Contemporary politics and cultural economies have disrupted our relations with the dead, seeking to control the past for present ends. We call instead for the relationship cultivated with the dead in the humanities, one that emphasizes our shared limitations, our shared fate, and our shared responsibility to make the world from the possible.
V2C-Long: Longitudinal Cortex Reconstruction with Spatiotemporal
Correspondence
Authors: Bongratz Fabian , Fecht Jan , Rickmann Anne-Marie , Wachinger Christian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Reconstructing the cortex from longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is indispensable for analyzing morphological alterations in the human brain. Despite the recent advancement of cortical surface reconstruction with deep learning, challenges arising from longitudinal data are still persistent. Especially the lack of strong spatiotemporal point correspondence between highly convoluted brain surfaces hinders downstream analyses, as local morphology is not directly comparable if the anatomical location is not matched precisely. To address this issue, we present V2C-Long, the first dedicated deep learning-based cortex reconstruction method for longitudinal MRI. V2C-Long exhibits strong inherent spatiotemporal correspondence across subjects and visits, thereby reducing the need for surface-based post-processing. We establish this correspondence directly during the reconstruction via the composition of two deep template-deformation networks and innovative aggregation of within-subject templates in mesh space. We validate V2C-Long on two large neuroimaging studies, focusing on surface accuracy, consistency, generalization, test-retest reliability, and sensitivity. The results reveal a substantial improvement in longitudinal consistency and accuracy compared to existing methods. In addition, we demonstrate stronger evidence for longitudinal cortical atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease than longitudinal FreeSurfer.
The impact of weak inertial stimulation on visual-vestibular bimodal heading perception
Authors: Wei Yue , Bao Beisheng , Xie Jingyi , So Richard HY 
Published: February 2025

Perception of self-motion involves the integration of visual and vestibular sensory information. Currently, there is limited research exploring visual-vestibular interactions under weak vestibular stimulation. This study investigates the impact of weak inertial stimulation on visual-vestibular bimodal heading perception. A translational XY-axis motion platform equipped with a 46-inch LCD TV was utilized to generate synchronized visual and inertial stimuli. The heading perception was examined under visual-only, vestibular-only, and bimodal conditions using three levels of inertial stimuli (9 mg, 14 mg, and 19 mg). In each condition, participants were tested at nine angles (±16°, ±9.2°, ±3°, ±1.7°, and 0° where 0° represents forward movement), to discern left-forward or right-forward motion. The heading discrimination threshold (HDT) was derived from participants’ rightward response proportions across all angles. Our findings reveal that the HDT under 14 mg bimodal conditions is significantly higher than that under visual-only conditions (with marginal significance in the 9 mg and 19 mg conditions), indicating that the presence of weak vestibular signals might decrease the precision of bimodal heading discrimination. These results contradict the prediction of Bayesian model theory that perception is more precise under bimodal compared with unimodal conditions. The results may be explained by neurological biases during Bayesian integration, the “reduced visual precision” theory, or increased task complexity in bimodal heading discrimination. Further research with larger sample size, extending the study to varied inertial stimuli and visual coherence levels, will be beneficial for clarifying its underlying mechanisms.
Assessing gait variability concurrently with dynamic visual acuity on a treadmill in people with bilateral vestibulopathy
Authors: McCrum Christopher , Zhu Meichan , Willems Paul , Visser Ivar , Kastrinou Melina , van de Berg Raymond , Meijer Kenneth , Hallemans Ann , Herssens Nolan 
Published: February 2025

Background Gait variability is increased in people with bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP). Since dedicated gait analysis can be resource-intensive, concurrent assessment with another vestibular function test, dynamic visual acuity (DVA), is worth consideration. Objective To assess comparability of results from a combined gait and DVA assessment with results from a previous dedicated gait analysis. Methods 15 participants (4 women) with BVP were analysed. The DVA test assessed visual acuity during stance and during treadmill walking at 2, 4 and 6 km/h. An 8-camera motion capture system measured spatiotemporal gait parameters (step length, step time, step width and double support time; means and coefficients of variation [CoV]). The walking speed effect was assessed by mixed-effects models, and results were visually compared to previous results. Results Walking speed affected the means of step length, step time and double support time ( p < .0001) but not step width ( p = .373) and significantly affected the CoV of all parameters ( p < .01). These values, as well as speed-related changes, were comparable between contexts. Conclusions Concurrent DVA and gait assessment seems promising as an assessment method in people with BVP. Test-retest reliability, clinically feasible motion capture solutions and sensitivity to change following interventions should be further investigated.
Comparison of the impacts of percussion massage therapy, dynamic stretching, and kinesiology taping techniques on functional performance, muscular strength, and proprioception in the shoulder
Authors: Menek Burak , Tayboga Umut Islam 
Published: February 2025

Background Percussion massage therapy (PMT) integrates traditional massage with vibration therapy. Objective This study compared the effects of percussion massage therapy (PMT), kinesiology tape (KT), and dynamic stretching (DS) on shoulder strength, proprioception, and functionality. Methods The KT group had kinesiology tape applied to the deltoid muscles. The DS group performed dynamic stretching in flexion and abduction. The PMT group received percussion massage on the deltoid muscles. Assessments included the Becure system for joint position sense (JPS), the Timed Functional Arm and Shoulder Test (TFAST), and a hand-held dynamometer for muscle strength. Results Significant improvements were observed in almost all JPS parameters for all groups (p < 0.05). Total TFAST scores improved in all groups. Muscle strength significantly improved in the DS group (p < 0.05), while PMT and KT groups showed no significant change (p > 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between the groups (p < 0.05). JPS 30°, 60°, and 90° flexion parameters had effect sizes of 0.51, 0.64, and 0.49, respectively; JPS 30°, 60°, and 90° abduction parameters had effect sizes of 0.38, 0.46, and 0.45, respectively. The effect size for Total TFAST was 0.55, flexion muscle strength 0.59, and abduction muscle strength 0.68. DS was more effective for muscle strength, DS and PMT for functionality, and KT and PMT for proprioception (p < 0.017). Conclusions PMT and KT were more effective for proprioception, PMT and DS were more effective for functionality, and DS was most efficient in enhancing muscle strength.
Flex-ability - a key concept to promote occupational health in everyday life beyond sick leave
Authors: Karlsson Louise , Erlandsson Lena-Karin , Cregård Anna , Nordgren Lena , Lydell Marie 
Published: February 2025

Background Sick leave and ill health due to stress are significant concerns today and negatively affect the individual, the organisations, and the community. High demands, multitasking, and inexplicit boundaries between different occupations contribute to an explanation. However, research shows that more qualitative studies are needed to better understand this issue and how to promote health in the working population. Objective The study aims to explore participants’ experiences of maintaining or regaining occupational health in their everyday life, including paid work, several years after sick leave. Method Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using inductive content analysis. The analysis resulted in one major theme and three categories describing the current experiences handling their everyday life and work situations. Results The result showed that returning to work and maintaining occupational health after sick leave due to occupational ill health calls for “flex-ability”. The term describes that individuals need to be open to change and adapt to new challenges at work and in everyday life. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of health-promotive organisations where the individual factor is more considered. Furthermore, a broader view of health-promotive work in society where work is included in everyday life, instead of divided into and outside of work, is needed.
Smaller Width Quadriceps Tendon Grafts Maintain Advantageous Biomechanical Properties for ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Richard C. , Voinier Steven D. , McCarthy Conor F. , Colantonio Donald F. , Gee Shawn M. , Tucker Christopher J. , Helgeson Melvin D. , Lopreiato Nicholas P. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite clinical evidence of risks in knee arthrofibrosis and graft impingement with larger grafts, the optimal size for quadriceps tendon (QT) autografts in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has not been established. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of full-thickness 6-mm and 8-mm wide QT grafts compared with 10-mm patellar tendon (PT) and 10-mm QT grafts. The hypothesis was that both the 6- and 8-mm QT grafts would exhibit similar or superior ultimate tensile strength compared with the 10-mm PT graft. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 18 matched pairs of cadaveric knees were used in this study. From each pair, a 10–mm wide full-thickness QT was harvested from 1 knee. Based on randomization, a 6–mm wide or 8–mm wide full-thickness QT along with a 10–mm wide PT were harvested from the contralateral knee. Each tendon was clamped, tensioned, and cycled on a servohydraulic testing machine before final loading to failure. Results: The ultimate failure load was 1286 ± 237.3 N for the 10-mm QT, 1056 ± 226.7 N for the 8-mm QT, 935.1 ± 283.8 N for the 6-mm QT, and 816 ± 192.7 N for the 10-mm PT. Ultimate tensile strength differed significantly between the 10-mm and 8-mm QT ( P = .004), 10-mm and 6-mm QT ( P < .001), 10-mm QT and 10-mm PT ( P < .001), and 8-mm QT and 10-mm PT grafts ( P < .001), but not between the 6-mm QT and 10-mm PT grafts ( P = .152). Conclusion: The 8-mm QT had higher ultimate tensile strength than the 10-mm PT, and the 6-mm QT was comparable to the 10-mm PT. Full-thickness QT grafts <10 mm in width may maintain sufficient tensile strength for ACLR. Clinical Relevance: Given these biomechanical properties, smaller QT graft sizes may be advantageous in minimizing arthrofibrosis risk while maintaining graft strength.
Type 3 diabetes and metabolic reprogramming of brain neurons: causes and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Meng Xiangyuan , Zhang Hui , Zhao Zhenhu , li Siyao , Zhang Xin , Guo Ruihan , Liu Huimin , Yuan Yiling , Li Wanrui , Song Qi , Liu Jinyu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Abnormal glucose metabolism inevitably disrupts normal neuronal function, a phenomenon widely observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Investigating the mechanisms of metabolic adaptation during disease progression has become a central focus of research. Considering that impaired glucose metabolism is closely related to decreased insulin signaling and insulin resistance, a new concept "type 3 diabetes mellitus (T3DM)" has been coined. T3DM specifically refers to the brain’s neurons becoming unresponsive to insulin, underscoring the strong link between diabetes and AD. Recent studies reveal that during brain insulin resistance, neurons exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced glucose metabolism, and elevated lactate levels. These findings suggest that impaired insulin signaling caused by T3DM may lead to a compensatory metabolic shift in neurons toward glycolysis. Consequently, this review aims to explore the underlying causes of T3DM and elucidate how insulin resistance drives metabolic reprogramming in neurons during AD progression. Additionally, it highlights therapeutic strategies targeting insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function as promising avenues for the successful development of AD treatments.
Preoperative semen quality is superior to the quality shortly after orchiectomy in patients with testicular germ cell tumour – a retrospective study from two centres in Germany
Authors: Dieckmann Klaus-Peter , Hochmuth-Tisch Johanna , Salzbrunn Andrea , Matthies Cord , von Kopylow Kathrein , Wülfing Christian , Pichlmeier Uwe , Soave Armin , Ruf Christian Guido 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Sperm cryopreservation in patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs) is traditionally performed after orchiectomy. But, some evidence suggests preoperative semen quality to be superior. We aimed to clarify the optimal time-point of cryopreservation.In a retrospective study, semen quality of 163 patients analysed preoperatively was compared with 242 patients analysed shortly after orchiectomy. Descriptive statistical methods with standard tests for comparisons were employed along with stratified analyses regarding the influence of clinical factors.

Results
All major semen parameters were significantly better in the preoperative group: median ejaculate volume (3 ml preoperatively vs. 2 ml postoperatively); median total sperm count (56.9 x106vs.13 x 106), median progressive motility (40% vs. 25%); azoospermia (4.9% vs. 14.9%). Stratified analysis of subgroups did not reveal significant impact of particular clinical factors on the superiority of preoperative semen quality. Limitations relate to the design of group comparison rather than intraindividual longitudinal comparisons and to selective inclusion of patients opting for cryopreservation.

Conclusions
In GCT patients, semen quality before orchiectomy is significantly superior to that found immediately after surgery. This superiority encompasses all major semen quality parameters. Of particular note is a threefold increase of azoospermia postoperatively. GCT patients are best advised to have cryopreservation performed before orchiectomy.