bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘I am a father but not pregnant’: a qualitative analysis of the perspectives of pregnant couples on male partner role during pregnancy care in Bamenda, Cameroon
Authors: Foglabenchi Lily Haritu , Stöckl Heidi , Marchant Tanya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The reduction of maternal mortality has stagnated globally. Estimates project a rise to 140.9 deaths per 100,000 live births by 2030, which is double the Sustainable Development Goal target. Male involvement in pregnancy care has been proposed as an intervention to improve maternal and child health outcomes. However, there is limited understanding of how communities view the role of men beyond the instrumentalist approach that only targets men as accompanying partners without altering the underlying gender and socio-cultural determinants that shape their involvement in pregnancy care. This study broadens existing research by exploring and and contextualising the role of male partners during pregnancy in Bamenda, Cameroon.

Methods
This study employed a qualitative design underpinned by symbolic interactionism. We conducted 68 semi-structured interviews (SSIs) and three focus group discussions (FGDs) with purposively selected pregnant women (n = 38 SSIs; n = 2, FGD) and male partners (n = 30 SSIs; n = 1, FGD) in an urban hospital in the North West Regional capital—Bamenda. Nvivo was used for data management and subsequently, we performed thematic analysis using a critical discourse lens to generate manifest and latent interpretations of study findings.

Results
The role of male partners reflected hegemonic masculinity and was broadly conceptualised in three categories: breadwinner, protector/comforter, and ‘sender’ for antenatal care. Perceptions of men’s role differed between male and female participants. While women sought male involvement for pragmatic reasons like joint attendance of antenatal care, psychosocial support (affirmation) and assistance with domestic chores, men limited their involvement to roles that matched gendered preconceptions of masculinity like financial support for antenatal fees, maternal nutrition and birth supplies. Nonetheless, the perceived benefits for antenatal attendance was expressed by some men in terms of the direct access it gives them to pregnancy-related education from experts, paternal bonding and the appeal of fast-track services for couples.

Conclusion
Male involvement in maternal and child health in Bamenda Health District is an extension and reflection of how patriarchal norms on masculinity are constructed and adapted in this setting. To address gaps in male involvement, intervention designers and implementers will need to take into account prevailing culture-specific norms while deconstructing and leveraging masculine ideals to situate male involvement in the prenatal context.
Evaluation of novel recombinant antigen-based (NIE/SsIR) immunochromatographic rapid tests for Strongyloides stercoralis: an accuracy study
Authors: Scarso Salvatore , Tamarozzi Francesca , Mazzi Cristina , Degani Monica , Rizzi Eleonora , Tais Stefano , Buonfrate Dora 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Strongyloidiasis is a chronic parasitic disease that results in relevant human morbidity, caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. This nematode has a unique and complex life-cycle. There is so far no perfect test for this helminthiasis. Rapid immunochromatographic tests (RDTs) are of interest, specifically due to their feasibility for use in the field, where public health control of strongyloidiasis is recommended. The aim of this study was to evaluate two novel RDTs, one detecting immunoglobulin (Ig) G and the other detecting IgG4, based on a combination of recombinant antigens. The primary objective was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of these RDTs, and the secondary objective was to assess ease of interpretation.

Methods
Serum samples stored in our biobank with available matched results for at least one fecal (i.e. agar plate culture or PCR) and one serology test (i.e. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] or indirect immunofluorescent antibody test [IFAT]) for S. stercoralis, were selected for this study. Those with at least one positive result for the fecal test were considered to be true positives (irrespective of the serology), while true negatives were those with negative results for both the fecal and serology tests. The results of the RDTs were read independently by two laboratory technicians. When disagreement over the results occurred, a third reader was involved, and the final result for each test was based on consistent results from two readers. Estimates were reported along with the 95% confidence intervals (CI). Regarding the secondary objective, agreement between two independent readers was calculated with Cohen’s kappa statistic (κ).

Results
A total of 90 serum samples were tested. Sensitivity of the IgG- and the IgG4-RDTs was 91.1% (95% CI 78.8–97.5) and 77.3% (95% CI 62.2–88.5), respectively. Specificity was 91.1% (95% CI 78.8–97.5) for the IgG-RDT and 100% (95% CI 92.1–100) for the IgG4-RDT. Agreement between readers was excellent (Cohen’s κ = 0.96, 95% CI 0.86–1.08%).

Conclusions
The IgG-RDT demonstrated higher sensitivity and could hence be preferred for individual diagnosis, whereas the excellent specificity of the IgG4-RDT could be preferred for prevalence surveys in endemic areas. The results of both RDTs were easy to interpret based on excellent agreement between readers. Large prospective studies should follow to confirm these findings and to validate the use of either RDT for specific purposes/contexts.

Graphical abstract
Is pancreatitis associated with meglumine antimoniate treatment for canine leishmaniosis? A multicentric prospective study
Authors: Viñeta Clàudia , Castro Jorge , López María Cristina , Frau Maria , Costas Antón , Arenas Carolina , Roura Xavier 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Meglumine antimoniate is used to treat canine leishmaniosis. In humans, it has been associated with pancreatitis. Although a few case reports have described acute pancreatitis secondary to antimonial treatment in dogs, some studies have concluded that pancreatitis is not an adverse effect of this medication. The objective was to evaluate whether treatment with meglumine antimoniate could induce pancreatitis in dogs with leishmaniosis, on the basis of clinical signs, canine serum specific quantitative pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI) concentration, and ultrasonographic abnormalities.

Methods
A prospective, observational, longitudinal, and multicentric study was conducted from April 2021 through February 2023.

Results
A total of 33 dogs with leishmaniosis were included and classified into LeishVet clinical stages; 13 (39.4%) were included in stage II, 11 (33.3%) in stage III, and 9 in stage IV (27.3%). and 14 (42.4%) developed pancreatitis, 10 during treatment with meglumine antimoniate, and 4 at the end of the treatment. Advanced LeishVet clinical stage was statistically associated with development of pancreatitis. In addition, nine dogs received prednisone at the beginning of treatment, but it was not statistically associated with the prevention of pancreatitis.

Conclusions
Meglumine antimoniate remains the first line leishmanicidal treatment option for canine leishmaniosis, but it appears to induce pancreatitis in a significant percentage of dogs. Monitoring serum cPLI levels and performing an abdominal ultrasound should be considered when pancreatitis-associated clinical signs are observed, or when there is a high suspicion of circulating immune complexes in dogs with advanced LeishVet clinical stage.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative lipidomic and metabolomic profiling of mdx and severe mdx-apolipoprotein e-null mice
Authors: Khattri Ram B. , Batra Abhinandan , White Zoe , Hammers David , Ryan Terence E. , Barton Elisabeth R. , Bernatchez Pascal , Walter Glenn A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDespite its notoriously mild phenotype, the dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse is the most common model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). By mimicking a human DMD-associated metabolic comorbidity, hyperlipidemia, in mdx mice by inactivating the apolipoprotein E gene (mdx-ApoE) we previously reported severe myofiber damage exacerbation via histology with large fibro-fatty infiltrates and phenotype humanization with ambulation dysfunction when fed a cholesterol- and triglyceride-rich Western diet (mdx-ApoEW). Herein, we performed comparative lipidomic and metabolomic analyses of muscle, liver and serum samples from mdx and mdx-ApoEW mice using solution and high-resolution-magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Compared to mdx and regular chow-fed mdx-ApoE mice, we observed an order of magnitude increase in lipid deposition in gastrocnemius muscle of mdx-ApoEW mice including 11-fold elevations in -CH3 and -CH2 lipids, along with pronounced elevations in serum cholesterol, fatty acid, triglyceride and phospholipids. Hepatic lipids were also elevated but did not correlate with the extent of muscle lipid infiltration or differences in serum lipids. This study provides the first lipometabolomic signature of severe mdx lesions exacerbated by high circulating lipids and lends credence to claims that the liver, the main regulator of whole-body lipoprotein metabolism, may play only a minor role in this process.
Physical modulation and peripheral nerve regeneration: a literature review
Authors: Zhai Xiangwen , Wang Yuzhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPeripheral nerve injury (PNI) usually causes severe motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. In addition to direct surgical repair, rehabilitation exercises, and traditional physical stimuli, for example, electrical stimulation, have been applied in promoting the clinical recovery of PNI for a long time but showed low efficiency. Recently, significant progress has been made in new physical modulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. We hereby review current progress on the mechanism of peripheral nerve regeneration after injury and summarize the new findings and evidence for the application of physical modulation, including electrical stimulation, light, ultrasound, magnetic stimulation, and mechanical stretching in experimental studies and the clinical treatment of patients with PNI.
Determinants of binge eating and its impact on indicators of obesity among Finnish adolescents - a cohort study
Authors: Lehto Reetta , Ålgars Monica , Lommi Sohvi , Leppänen Marja H , Viljakainen Heli 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Binge eating, a type of disordered eating, is relatively common among youth and predisposes them to many adverse health outcomes. Diverse psychological and social factors may be associated with binge eating. The aim of this study was to examine child and parental psychosocial determinants of binge eating and its impact on indicators of obesity.

Methods
The sample consisted of 10 679 Finnish adolescents who participated in the Fin-HIT cohort study. The participants were 9–12 years at baseline, and they were followed-up for 2.6 years on average. At baseline, children’s anthropometry was measured, and they reported binge eating, disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, self-esteem, and body shape satisfaction with validated questionnaires. Parents reported their own weight satisfaction, dieting, and depressive symptoms at baseline. Adjusted logistic and linear regressions were used in the analyses.

Results
Self-esteem was associated with lower odds (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.85–0.91), and overall disordered eating attitudes and behaviors were associated with higher odds (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.06–1.10) of binge eating. Additionally, child and parent body dissatisfaction were associated with binge eating but not in the fully adjusted model where the child’s BMI was additionally considered. None of the parental factors were associated with binge eating in the fully adjusted model. Binge eating was associated with higher BMI z-scores and waist circumferences both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Conclusions
In support of previous findings, we found that low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and other disordered eating attitudes and behaviors are associated with binge eating, but our results also highlight the impact of weight status as a potential moderator when the determinants of binge eating are examined. More studies on the role of parental factors in adolescent binge eating are needed.
Incorporation of nanocarbon materials of various dimensions enhances the microwave absorption properties of Nd-doped barium ferrite
Authors: Feng Xiaohua , Li Pengyu , Yu Haopeng , Yu Chengwu , Liu Yi , Li Hua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhysicochemical features of nano-carbon (NC) particles significantly influence the microwave absorption performances of NC-containing materials. Here, we report the development of rare earth neodymium (Nd)-doped barium ferrite (BaM) composites with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and other NC materials (onion-like carbon and graphene oxide) to enhance microwave absorption. Nd0.15-BaM composites containing 8% CNTs demonstrate a minimum reflection loss of − 123.12 dB at 7.97 GHz, with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.46 GHz in the 2–18 GHz range. CNTs improve impedance matching and synergize with Nd0.15-BaM, boosting absorption properties. The absorption performance is further tuned by adjusting the type and content of NC materials. These results highlight the potential of these composites for applications in wave absorption.
Readiness planning: how to go beyond “buy-in” to achieve curricular success and front-line performance
Authors: Roussin Christopher J. , Ng Grace , Fey Mary K. , Lipshaw James A. , Arantes Henrique P. , Rudolph Jenny W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSimulation program staff and leadership often struggle to partner with front-line healthcare workers, their managers, and health system leaders. Simulation-based learning programs are too often seen as burdensome add-ons rather than essential mechanisms supporting clinical workforce readiness. Healthcare system leaders grappling with declining morale, economic pressure, and too few qualified staff often don’t see how simulation can help them, and we simulation program leaders can’t seem to bridge this gap. Without clear guidance from front-line clinicians and leaders, the challenge of building and maintaining sustainably relevant simulation offerings can seem overwhelming. We argue that three blind spots have limited our ability to see the path to collaborations that support front-line workforce readiness: We wrongly assume that our rigor in designing and delivering programs will lead to front-line participant engagement and positive impact, we overestimate the existence of shared priorities, mindsets, and expertise with our would-be partners, and we contribute to building a façade of superficial education compliance that distracts from vital skill development. How do we design simulation-based training programs that are valued, supported, and sustained by key partners over time? (1) By seeing ourselves as partners first and designers second; (2) by using a boundary spanning design process that shifts the primary psychological ownership of training outcomes to our partners; and (3) by focusing this shared design process on workforce readiness for the situations that our healthcare partners care about most. Drawing on lessons from more than 800 readiness plans developed by participants in our courses and the authors’ successes and mistakes in partnering with healthcare teams for front-line readiness, we introduce the concepts, commitments, and practices of “readiness planning” along with three detailed examples of readiness planning in action.
Graphical Abstract
Mortality evolution in Italy: the end of regional convergence?
Authors: Carboni Gianni , Salinari Giambattista , De Santis Gustavo , Benassi Federico 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBetween 1992 and 2007, the Italian healthcare system underwent a profound and complex transformation. This reform rekindled interest in the study of health and mortality inequalities in Italy, and fears were expressed that the new system could trigger a rise in health disparities across regions. We contribute to the debate examining the evolution of life expectancy across Italian regions from 1974 to 2019, focusing on regional convergence. Applying sigma- and beta-convergence analysis in a novel way, we detect structural breaks—marked trend variations—occurring shortly after the most significant policy reforms of the national health system, with stronger discontinuities among males. While not establishing any direct causal link, our findings suggest that the legislative changes of the period, focused on decentralizing responsibilities and management, may have halted the pre-existing trend towards homogenization and possibly opened up a new phase of re-emerging regional survival disparities.
School health policies and their implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines
Authors: Salanguit Mikaela B. , Santillan Marian Danille C. , Gregorio Ernesto R. , Estrada Crystal Amiel M. , Shibuya Fumiko , Nishio Akihiro , Kobayashi Jun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted the health and education of learners globally. However, there is a lack of information on enablers and barriers to the implementation of comprehensive school health policies during the pandemic.

Methods
This study utilized a case study design, and was conducted in the Division of City Schools of Navotas. A desk review of relevant school health policies released at the national level by the Department of Education and Department of Health during the pandemic was performed. The collected policies were classified if they were related to the Preparedness/Prevention Phase, Early Phase Response, and Chronic Phase Response. Focus group discussions and key a informant interview were conducted to determine the enablers and barriers in implementing school health programs during the pandemic. The identified themes were created deductively by using categories from Whitman’s Wheel of Factors influencing Implementation of Policy and Practice.

Results
Policies under the Preparedness/Prevention Phase focused on providing a comprehensive healthy school environment for learners, including Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools. Early Phase Response policies included school closures and public health guidelines to prevent further spread of disease. The policies under the Chronic Phase/Response notably included guidelines for implementation of vaccination days and reopening of classes. Most of the factors identified were categorized under Whitman’s wheel of factors.

Conclusions
Despite COVID-19 restrictions, health policy implementation continued because of the collaborations, innovations, and leadership of various stakeholders. The vaccination of the public, including the pediatric population was implemented through the collaboration of various agencies. WASH in Schools was evident in policies regarding the guidelines on prevention of the spread of disease. The data provided in this study will serve as a guide to address the barriers and further strengthen the implementation of these policies.
Diabetic small fiber neuropathy: clinical and electrophysiological study
Authors: Alkotami Ahmed S. , Elkholy Saly H. , Elshamy Ahmed M. , Elseidy Ehab A. , Fadel Wael A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetic neuropathy is diagnosed late due to lack of easy and readily available biomarkers; early identification can prompt proper interventions before the irreversible large fiber damage. The aim of this study is to assess small fiber dysfunction using cutaneous silent period (CSP) and sympathetic skin response (SSR) tests in patients with diabetic small fiber neuropathy (SFN) and compare results with clinical, neuropathy severity and quality of life measures. A total of 45 subjects were classified into: Group I: diabetic patients with pure SFN, group II: diabetic patients with mixed fiber neuropathy, and group III: healthy subjects. All underwent evaluation by anthropometric, clinical and quality of life measures, electrophysiological evaluation by CSP and SSR and distal leg skin biopsy.

Results
Age and gender distribution did not significantly differ between the studied groups. Both patients’ groups showed comparable poor quality of life in relation to healthy subjects. CSP onset latencies and SSR amplitudes significantly correlated with studied clinical and severity measures, but neither correlate with each other in diabetic pure SFN patients. Both CSP and SSR measures were specific in diagnosing diabetic pure SFN, but mostly with poor sensitivity. Combining sensitivities of different CSP and SSR measures improved the overall sensitivity to early screen for SFN in diabetic patients.

Conclusions
Both CSP and SSR may have the potential to early detect diabetic pure SFN. Suspected diabetic patients with SFN should be separately screened for both somatosensory and sudomotor/autonomic affection.
Auditory temporal order and speech perception in late talkers
Authors: Yurdakul Çınar Fatma , Çiprut Ayça 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Auditory temporal processing skills to perceive rapid changes in intensity, duration, and frequency of sounds over time are essential for early spoken language acquisition and speech perception. This study aimed to assess auditory temporal order and speech perception in late talkers.

Methods
Fifty children (25 with late-talking and 25 with typical development) aged 7 to 9 years were included in the study. All subjects had typical audiometric thresholds between 125 Hz and 8 kHz (≤ 20 dB HL) and no middle ear pathology. The frequency pattern test, duration pattern test, and speech intelligibility tests in quiet and noise conditions were used to assess auditory temporal order and speech perception.

Results
Late talkers performed lower than typically developing children on tests of frequency pattern, duration pattern, and speech intelligibility in noise (p < 0.05). When the correlations between the tests used were calculated, there were correlations between the tests for both groups.

Conclusions
The results indicate that children who talk later than their typically developing peers in the early years of life may have difficulties with some auditory processing skills, even if they catch up with their typically developing peers in speech and language skills in middle childhood. Thus, it is very crucial to monitor auditory processing skills as well as speech and language skills in late talkers.