bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus in the Arab Media: A Transitivity Analysis of Aljazeera Arabic Website
Authors: Asim Mahdi Al- Hilali , Dua'a Hafidh Hussein L: 
Published: July 2021

The present paper approaches the topic of the current study eclectically by adopting critical discourse analysis(CDA), systemic functional linguistics(SFL) and corpus linguistics to show how the present crisis of coronavirus(covid19) is presented in the Arab media, a report in Al-Jazeera as a case study. Through the application of CDA and SFL, the researcher would be able to figure out the ideology and attitudes adopted by this TV channel .

Mainly, the concern of the study is to illustrate what types of verb processes are utilized in the report in order to give an account of the way the novel corona pandemic as a participant is introduced and described and what roles are assigned to it.

After carrying out an analysis , it is concluded that to reflect the influential and powerful effect that the disease brought about, the writer of the report opted for investing the frequent use of the type of material process verbs to demonstrate actions and events in which Coronavirus is the major actor or agent. Besides, the report`s discourse structures are intentionally selected not to convey the writer`s sentimental attitudes but to inform and emotionally involve the reader in the text interactions .
الأنا والآخر في النقد الثقافي عرض وتقويم
Authors: وفاء عبد الامير الصافي م. د. , ايمان مطر السلطاني أ. د. 
Published: July 2021

الملخص:
يعد (الاخر) مفتاحا للولوج الى بوابة النقد الثقافي بالتلاقي او التقاطع مع (الأنا)، إذ يشكلان نسقا ثقافيا متعدد العلاقات, ويختلف باختلاف منتجه الذي يتأثر بعوامل متباينة سواء أكانت شخصية منها ام مجتمعية سلبية او ايجابية، وما يتركه ذلك التأثير على نصه الابداعي وطرائق تحليله على وفق النقد الثقافي وآلياته المتنوعة.
ولابد للناقد الثقافي ان يرتكز على أدوات المعرفة الذهنية والفكرية التي تختزنها ذاكرته الحية الواعية والاخرى الجمعية اللاواعية، منطلقا بذلك للكشف عن مخبوء النص الابداعي من الأنساق الثقافية المختلفة باختلاف البيئة والعصر والمجتمع. فالنقد الثقافي (نشاط معرفي وفكري يتخذ من الثقافة وعناصرها وآلياتها وسيلة لتحليل ‏النصوص الأدبية، واستخراج مكنوناتها الثقافية المعلنة والمضمرة).
Efficacy of Calcium Phosphate Composite Bone Graft in Treatment of Periodontal Intrabony Defects: Clinico-radiographic Study
Authors: Bhatnagar Shruti , Debnath Surangama , Siddeshappa Sriniwasa Tenkasale , Yeltiwar Ramreddy K , Dewan Vikas 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Regeneration of periodontium is always difficult to achieve regardless of all advancement. In an attempt to refine, various materials have been tried and tested. The present study was carried out to evaluate regenerative potential of easy-graft CRYSTAL in intrabony defects, clinically, and radiographically.
Methods: This randomised split-mouth study was conducted at Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research from 2015 October to 2015 October. Intrabony pockets more than 5 mm and radiographic evidence of vertical bone loss were selected from 15 patients having two sites each. The chosen sites were randomly divided into test sites: open flap debridement (OFD) with easy-graft CRYSTAL and control sites (OFD). The clinical parameters evaluated were Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Probing Pocket Depth, Relative Attachment Level, and Gingival Recession at baseline, three months, and six months postoperatively. Radiographic parameters recorded were Defect Fill and Percentage of Defect Fill at baseline, three months, and six months. Data were analysed in SPSS v.20.
Results: At six months, improved clinical and radiographic values were obtained compared to baseline. The plaque and gingival index showed statistically significant reduction. Both groups showed statistically significant reduction in mean probing pocket depth and gain in relative attachment level. Mean gingival recession score was increased in both the group but was not significant. There was significant increase in Defect Fill and Percentage of Defect fill in both groups with better bone fill in test group.
Conclusion: Easy-graft CRYSTAL is a potential regenerative material for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.
Microscopic resection of a giant epidermoid tumor of the pineal region via supracerebellar infra and transtentorial approach with endoscope assistance
Authors: Zanini Marco Antônio , Costa Alves Junior Aderaldo , Botta Fabio Pires , Moraes Serpa Nascimento Haniel , Tadao Hamamoto Filho Pedro 
Published: July 2021

The authors present a case of a 22-year-old male who developed hydrocephalus symptoms related to a giant epidermoid tumor at the pineal region. The surgical approach and technique for a large epidermoid tumor in this area are extensively discussed. A paramedian contralateral supracerebellar infratentorial and transtentorial approach was performed, with the patient in a semisitting position. The tumor was removed using a microscopic technique, and endoscope assistance was used in order to reach the areas unable to be visualized under the microscope. The patient was neurologically intact at his 2-year follow-up, and postoperative MRI showed a significant decrease in the tumoral volume.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2128.
Endoscopic supracerebellar infratentorial approach to pineal region epidermoid tumor
Authors: Muse John , Silveira Luke , Olszewski Adam , D’Agostino Erin , Tranmer Bruce , Liebelt Brandon 
Published: July 2021

Epidermoid cysts of the pineal region are a rare entity. Herein, the authors describe the endoscopic resection of a recurrent pineal region epidermoid by way of a supracerebellar infratentorial approach. The patient was positioned in the semiseated upright position with head tilted to the right and slightly flexed, maximizing gravity-based cerebellar retraction, and a paramedian craniotomy was performed owing to the gradual flattening of the tentorium from medial to lateral. This setup, in tandem with the enlarged viewing window achieved by use of 0°, 30°, and 70° endoscopes, afforded the necessary access to achieve a satisfactory resection through this anatomical corridor.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2131.
Retractorless interforniceal approach for microsurgical resection of a papillary tumor of the pineal region: operative video and technical nuances
Authors: Liu James K. , Majmundar Neil 
Published: July 2021

In this illustrative video, the authors demonstrate microsurgical resection of a papillary tumor of the pineal region using a retractorless interforniceal approach via the anterior interhemispheric transcallosal route. The tumor presented to the posterior third ventricle occluding the cerebral aqueduct, resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus. The retractorless interforniceal approach is performed in the lateral position with BICOL collagen spacers to keep the corridor open. Gross-total resection was achieved, and the patient was neurologically intact without needing a permanent shunt. The operative nuances and pearls of technique for safe microdissection and gentle handling of the retractorless interforniceal approach are demonstrated.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2139.
Right occipital transtentorial approach for a pineal malignant germ cell tumor
Authors: Gill Brian J. A. , Higgins Dominique M. , Banu Matei A. , Argenziano Michael G. , Feldstein Neil A. , Bruce Jeffrey N. 
Published: July 2021

Germ cell tumors account for up to 53% of the malignant lesions found in the pineal region and are typically managed with a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Malignant somatic transformation of intracranial germ cell tumors is exceedingly rare and has only been reported on two other occasions. Here the authors present the case of a pineal yolk sac tumor that failed optimum first-line treatment and underwent malignant somatic transformation to an enteric mucinous adenocarcinoma requiring surgical intervention. This video demonstrates the technical nuances of the occipital transtentorial approach and the safe microsurgical dissection of lesions within the pineal region.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.4.FOCVID2151.
Retrospective analysis of the pharmaceutical market of cardiological drugs in Ukraine for 2016–2020
Authors: Симоненко Н. А. , Подгайна М. В. , Немченко А. С. , Шпичак О. С. 
Published: July 2021

In Ukraine, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and is the highest cause of death among all countries. Nationwide, cardiovascular disease’s mortality has increased by almost 8% over the past 29 years.
The aim of the work was to analyze the domestic pharmaceutical market of cardiac drugs (code of anatomical-therapeutic chemical classification (hereinafter – ATС) – C01, and C01 E separately) for the 2016–2020 in terms of pharmacotherapeutic groups, manufacturers, dosage forms and others.
The object of the study was the data of the State Expert Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the proposals of distributors received from the «Morion» platform for 2016–2020. The research was carried out using modern methods of analysis, systematization and generalization, mathematical and statistical calculations.
According to the database of the State Expert Center of the Ministry of Health in Ukraine, 256 cardiac drugs by dosage forms have been registered. Analysis of the group of cardiac drugs by ATС classification, allowed to establish a significant dominance of group C01 E – Other cardiac drugs – from 66% to 68% over the years of the study. According to the results of the analysis, a positive trend has been established – the dominance of domestically produced drugs in the group of cardiac drugs in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine during 2016–2020. The general list of manufacturers presenting cardiac drugs in Ukraine consists of 66–68 companies, where the share of domestic companies was 53–55% during the study period. There is a steady trend towards a slight predominance of solid dosage forms (54–56% during the study period).
In summary, it should be noted that the analysis of the domestic wholesale market of cardiac drugs showed a significant wide of the group’s assortment, the significant dominance of the group «Other cardiac drugs» in the overall structure, showed a positive trend of domestic cardiac drugs; among dosage forms, solid and liquid dosage forms have been presented evenly.
FUNGSI PERENCANAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN DAN HADIST
Authors: Sholahuddin Nur , Asqi Hikmatul , Rahmawati Siti , Rizqiyah Nilna 
Published: July 2021

Setiap hal apapun yang ingin kita lakukan atau yang ingin kita gapai perlu melakukan suatu perencanaan dalam setiap kegiatan dan Langkah-langkahnya, baik perencanaan jarak dekat maupun perencanaan jarak jauh atau disebut juga dengan perencanaan jangka panjang. Perencanaan (planning) merupakan proses dasar bagi segala hal, yaitu seperti untuk memilih sasaran dan menetapkan bagaimana cara mencapainya. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan atau sebuah Lembaga Pendidikan harus menetapkan tujuan dan sasaran yang hendak dicapai sebelum melakukan proses-proses perencanaan.Perencanaan diperlukan dan terjadi dalam berbagai bentuk organisasi misalnya, sebab perencanaan ini merupakan proses dasar manajemen di dalam mengambil suatu Keputusan dan tindakan. Perencanaan diperlukan dalam jenis kegiatan baik itu kegiatan organisasi, perusahaan maupun kegiatan di masyarakat, dan perencanaan ada dalam setiap fungsi-fungsi manajemen, karena fungsi-fungsi tersebut hanya dapat melaksanakan keputusan-keputusan yang telah ditetapkan dalam perencanaan.Perencanaan merupakan tahapan paling penting dari suatu fungsi manajemen, terutama dalam menghadapi lingkungan eksternal yang berubah dinamis. Dalam era globalisasi ini, perencanaan harus lebih mengandalkan prosedur yang rasional dan sistematis dan bukan hanya pada intuisi dan firasat (dugaan).
Pandemi COVID-19: Dampak Kesehatan, Ekonomi, & Sosial
Authors: Aeni Nurul 
Published: July 2021

ENGLISHCOVID-19 Pandemic started from March 2020 affected many aspects. This research aims to describe the impacts of pandemic on health, economic, and social in Pati District. It used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It used secondary data that were obtained from relevant services and references. Then, the data were analyzed descriptively. This research resulted: (1) the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on health can be seen through the number of positive COVID-19 cases, mortality, and reduction in health service coverage. Higher positive COVID-19 cases were found in around the center of government and economic activities; (2) COVID-19 Pandemic has disturbed supply and demand of goods and services. This situation affected the decrease of economic growth. Pati’s economic structure is sustained by agriculture and manufactured that still showed positive growth. Thus, the economic slowdown caused the increase of unemployment, particularly on micro and small enterprises or household industries; (3) the impact of pandemic COVID-19 was represented by the poverty increase. Higher number of poor families was found in the areas having near-poor families and vulnerable ones. INDONESIAPandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi sejak bulan Maret 2020 memengaruhi segala aspek kehidupan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan dampak pandemi dalam aspek kesehatan, ekonomi, dan kesehatan di Kabupaten Pati. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif secara bersama. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari instansi maupun referensi yang relevan. Selanjutnya data tersebut diolah secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) Dampak pandemi COVID-19 pada aspek kesehatan adalah jumlah kasus positif dan kematian yang cukup tinggi serta penurunan cakupan sebagian besar layanan kesehatan; kasus positif COVID-19 cukup tinggi terjadi di wilayah yang merupakan pusat pemerintahan atau dekat dengan pusat ekonomi; (2) Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan perubahan penawaran dan permintaan barang dan jasa. Kondisi tersebut berdampak terhadap penurunan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Struktur perekonomian Kabupaten Pati ditopang oleh sektor usaha pertanian dan industri pengolahan yang masih menunjukkan pertumbuhan positif selama pandemi. Perlambatan ekonomi tersebut selanjutnya menyebabkan peningkatan pengangguran, terutama pada sektor usaha mikro dan kecil serta industri rumah tangga; (3) Dampak sosial pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Pati terwakili oleh peningkatan kemiskinan, dimana peningkatan kemiskinan lebih tinggi terjadi di wilayah yang yang memiliki jumlah keluarga hampir dan rentan miskin tinggi.
Gastropods in the Intertidal Shore of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah (Malaysian Borneo)
Authors: MADIN JOHN , VENMATHI MARAN BALU-ALAGAR , HO SUET-MUN 
Published: July 2021

Intertidal gastropods provide numerous ecological benefits and are responsible for the dynamics of the intertidal shores habitat and its community assemblages. This study examined the community structure of gastropods in the intertidal shore located near the city of Kota Kinabalu, the capital of Sabah where coastal areas are rapidly developed for various purposes and consequently destroying natural habitats. A total of 36 gastropods species from 15 families were recorded. The Planaxis sulcatus was the most abundant species with a density of 480 ind. m-2 followed by Nodilittorina pyramidalis (182 ind. m-2) and Cellana radiata (97 ind. m-2) respectively. The number of species and their abundance, respectively, are almost three times lower than the number ever recorded for intertidal shores located in non-urban areas or remote locations. This suggests that the rapidly growing coastal urban areas threatening the diversity and abundance of intertidal gastropods. The density of gastropod (i.e. P. sulcatus & N. pyramidalis) was significantly (p<0.05) high at the lower intertidal shore where slope gradient is steeper with rocks and crevices are the major component of substrates compared to the upper or middle zone which is flatter and composed mainly of coral rubble and sand. Our study suggests that gastropod communities in intertidal shores located adjacent to the urban areas are threatened especially by anthropogenic factors such as frequent human visitations and modification of natural habitat. Future development in the intertidal shore should minimise habitat destruction and should consider infrastructures that encourage gastropod populations to grow and highlighting their ecological role for conservation reasons.
Conditioned Medium of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Involved in Acute Lung Injury by Regulating Epithelial Sodium Channels via miR-34c
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Hua Yu , Ding Yan , Hou Yapeng , Yu Tong , Cui Yong , Nie Hongguang 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundOne of the characteristics of acute lung injury (ALI) is severe pulmonary edema, which is closely related to alveolar fluid clearance (AFC). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete a wide range of cytokines, growth factors, and microRNA (miRNAs) through paracrine action to participate in the mechanism of pulmonary inflammatory response, which increase the clearance of edema fluid and promote the repair process of ALI. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is the rate-limiting step in the sodium–water transport and edema clearance in the alveolar cavity; the role of bone marrow-derived MSC-conditioned medium (BMSC-CM) in edema clearance and how miRNAs affect ENaC are still seldom known.MethodsCCK-8 cell proliferation assay was used to detect the effect of BMSC-CM on the survival of alveolar type 2 epithelial (AT2) cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot were used to detect the expression of ENaC in AT2 cells. The effects of miR-34c on lung fluid absorption were observed in LPS-treated mice in vivo, and the transepithelial short-circuit currents in the monolayer of H441 cells were examined by the Ussing chamber setup. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the target gene of miR-34c.ResultsBMSC-CM could increase the viability of mouse AT2 cells. RT-PCR and western blot results showed that BMSC-CM significantly increased the expression of the γ-ENaC subunit in mouse AT2 cells. MiR-34c could restore the AFC and lung wet/dry weight ratio in the ALI animal model, and Ussing chamber assay revealed that miR-34c enhanced the amiloride-sensitive currents associated with ENaC activity in intact H441 cell monolayers. In addition, we observed a higher expression of miR-34c in mouse AT2 cells administrated with BMSC-CM, and the overexpression or inhibition of miR-34c could regulate the expression of ENaC protein and alter the function of ENaC. Finally, we detected that myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) may be one of the target genes of miR-34c.ConclusionOur results indicate that BMSC-CM may alleviate LPS-induced ALI through miR-34c targeting MARCKS and regulate ENaC indirectly, which further explores the benefit of paracrine effects of bone marrow-derived MSCs on edematous ALI.
Increased PD-1 Level in Severe Cervical Injury Is Associated With the Rare Programmed Cell Death 1 (PDCD1) rs36084323 A Allele in a Dominant Model
Authors: Silva Mauro César da , Medeiros Fernanda Silva , Silva Neila Caroline Henrique da , Paiva Larissa Albuquerque , Gomes Fabiana Oliveira dos Santos , Costa e Silva Matheus , Gomes Thailany Thays , Peixoto Christina Alves , Rygaard Maria Carolina Valença , Menezes Maria Luiza Bezerra , Welkovic Stefan , Donadi Eduardo Antônio , Lucena-Silva Norma 
Published: July 2021

The high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) has developed mechanisms for evasion of the immune system, favoring the persistence of the infection. The chronic inflammation further contributes to the progression of tissue injury to cervical cancer. The programmed cell death protein (PD-1) after contacting with its ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) exerts an inhibitory effect on the cellular immune response, maintaining the balance between activation, tolerance, and immune cell-dependent lesion. We evaluated 295 patients exhibiting or not HPV infection, stratified according to the location (injured and adjacent non-injured areas) and severity of the lesion (benign, pre-malignant lesions). Additionally, we investigated the role of the promoter region PDCD1 -606G&gt;A polymorphism (rs36084323) on the studied variables. PD-1 and PDCD1 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and qPCR, respectively, and the PDCD1 polymorphism was evaluated by nucleotide sequencing. Irrespective of the severity of the lesion, PD-1 levels were increased compared to adjacent uninjured areas. Additionally, in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, the presence of HPV was associated with increased (P = 0.0649), whereas in CIN III was associated with decreased (P = 0.0148) PD-1 levels, compared to the uninjured area in absence of HPV infection. The PDCD1 -606A allele was rare in our population (8.7%) and was not associated with the risk for development of HPV infection, cytological and histological features, and aneuploidy. In contrast, irrespective of the severity of the lesion, patients exhibiting the mutant PDCD1 -606A allele at single or double doses exhibited increased protein and gene expression when compared to the PDCD1 -606GG wild type genotype. Besides, the presence of HPV was associated with the decrease in PDCD1 expression and PD-1 levels in carriers of the -606 A allele presenting severe lesions, suggesting that other mediators induced during the HPV infection progression may play an additional role. This study showed that increased PD-1 levels are influenced by the -606G&gt;A nucleotide variation, particularly in low-grade lesions, in which the A allele favors increased PDCD1 expression, contributing to HPV immune system evasion, and in the high-grade lesion, by decreasing tissue PD-1 levels.