bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poly(glycerol citrate)‐polylactide nonwovens toward tissue engineering applications
Authors: Wrzecionek Michał , Bandzerewicz Aleksandra , Dutkowska Ewa , Dulnik Judyta , Denis Piotr , Gadomska‐Gajadhur Agnieszka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn 2002, Robert Langer proposed that new polyester for tissue engineering should have good mechanical properties followed by: covalent bonding (as crosslinking) and hydrogen‐bonding interactions; and should be elastic like rubber materials due to three‐dimensional network structure. Considering these hypotheses, a polyester made of glycerol and citric acid was designed in this work. Poly(glycerol citrate) should be attractive for tissue engineering because both glycerol and citric acid, taking part in natural human metabolic pathways; and due to the reactant's functionality, 3D networks should be produced easily. Moreover, the reagents are cheap, available, and often used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this work, poly(glycerol citrate) was synthesized and then used with PLA for creating porous nonwovens by electrospinning. Produced materials were tested for possible application in the field of tissue engineering. The obtained materials have properties similar to collagen fibers, but still, require refinement for medical applications.
Boron phenolic resin/silica sol coating gives rigid polyurethane foam excellent and long‐lasting flame‐retardant properties
Authors: Xu Wenzong , Zhong Di , Chen Rui , Cheng Zihao , Qiao Mengxia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a boron phenolic (BPR)/silica sol (Si‐sol) coated flame retardant was prepared, and the flame retardant was coated on the surface of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) to make it have excellent flame‐retardant effects. The molecular structure of BPR and Si‐sol was analyzed by FTIR, and the influence of the coating on the cells was observed with an optical microscope. It was evident from the test results of the cone calorimeter that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of RPUF were reduced by 45% and 37.7%, respectively. The limit oxygen index and vertical combustion test results indicated that the LOI reached 35%, and UL‐94 reached the V‐0 level. The aging experiment was conducted on the coated RPUF material, and the results showed that the material has long‐lasting flame‐retardant properties. The possible flame‐retardant mechanism was analyzed.
Genomic analysis and preclinical xenograft model development identify potential therapeutic targets for MYOD1‐mutant soft‐tissue sarcoma of childhood
Authors: Ting Michelle A , Reuther Jacquelyn , Chandramohan Raghu , Voicu Horatiu , Gandhi Ilavarasi , Liu Meng , Cortes‐Santiago Nahir , Foster Jennifer H , Hicks John , Nuchtern Jed , Scollon Sarah , Plon Sharon E , Chintagumpala Murali , Rainusso Nino , Roy Angshumoy , Parsons D Williams 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe myogenic differentiation 1 gene (MYOD1) p.L122R somatic mutation was first discovered in a subset of clinically aggressive embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas and has since been described in both pediatric and adult spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas. Relatively little is known about the clinical, molecular, and histopathological features of these tumors in children. In order to further characterize the genomic and clinical features of pediatric MYOD1‐mutant sarcomas, we evaluated a cohort of soft‐tissue sarcoma patients treated at Texas Children's Hospital. Tumor DNA was subjected to next‐generation panel sequencing and/or Sanger sequencing of the MYOD1 hotspot mutation. The MYOD1 p.L122R mutation was identified in six tumors, with a variant allele fraction greater than 0.8 in three cases, suggestive of loss of heterozygosity. One sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma lacking the MYOD1 hotspot mutation was observed to have a MYOD1 copy number gain, also with evidence of loss of heterozygosity. Cancer gene panel sequencing revealed potentially targetable alterations in six of seven (86%) patients with MYOD1 alterations, including four patients with an alteration in the PI3K‐AKT pathway: two hotspot PIK3CA mutations and deletions in PTEN and TSC2. On histopathologic review, MYOD1‐altered tumors exhibited spindle and/or round cells and varying degrees of hyaline sclerosis. At last follow‐up, six patients had died of disease and the seventh progressed early and was subsequently lost to follow‐up. Both pre‐ and post‐therapy patient‐derived xenograft models were generated from one patient's tumor. These models were confirmed to harbor the MYOD1 and PIK3CA mutations seen in the primary tumor and were shown to be sensitive to PI3K/mTOR inhibition in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, this study adds to recent reports describing the clinicopathologic and genomic features of MYOD1‐altered soft‐tissue sarcomas in children, including dismal prognosis and potential molecular targets for therapy. The novel preclinical models developed will facilitate further biological and preclinical study of this rare and aggressive tumor. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modification of small ubiquitin‐related modifier 2 (SUMO2) by phosphoubiquitin in HEK293T cells
Authors: Dongdem Julius T. , Dawson Simon P. , Layfield Robert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAdditional complexity in the post‐translational modification of proteins by ubiquitin is achieved by ubiquitin phosphorylation, for example within PINK1‐parkin mediated mitophagy. We performed a preliminary proteomic analysis to identify proteins differentially modified by ubiquitin in HEK293T, compared to phosphomimetic ubiquitin (Ser65Asp), and identified small ubiquitin‐related modifier 2 (SUMO2) as a candidate. By transfecting SUMO2 and its C‐terminal–GG deletion mutant, along with phosphomimetic ubiquitin, we confirm that ubiquitin modifies SUMO2, rather than vice versa. Further investigations revealed that transfected SUMO2 can also be conjugated by endogenous phospho‐Ser65‐(poly)ubiquitin in HEK293T cells, pointing to a previously unappreciated level of complexity in SUMO2 modification, and that unanchored (substrate‐free) polyubiquitin chains may also be subject to phosphorylation.
The incidence and nature of adverse events in rehabilitation inpatients with acquired brain injuries
Authors: Guo Meiqi , Mandurah Rouaa , Tam Alan , Bayley Mark , Kam Alice 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatient safety is important in all healthcare settings. Few studies have examined the state of patient safety in rehabilitation and none have examined patient safety in the setting of acquired brain injury (ABI) rehabilitation.ObjectivesTo determine the incidence, most common types, and severities of adverse events among inpatients undergoing ABI rehabilitation.DesignRetrospective case series descriptive study.SettingThe inpatient ABI rehabilitation program at an academic, tertiary rehabilitation hospital in Canada.ParticipantsOne hundred eight consecutive inpatients with acquired brain injuries.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresPatient charts and incident reports from the hospital's voluntary reporting system were reviewed by three board‐certified physiatrists to determine the incidence, type, severity and preventability of adverse events. Adverse events were identified and classified for severity and type using the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification for Patient Safety. Preventability was rated on a six‐point Likert scale.ResultsDuring the study period, the incidence of adverse events was 17.42 ± 3.86 per 1000 patient days. Adverse events affected 52.8% of patients. Most adverse events identified were mild in severity (81.6%) and the rest were of moderate severity. The two most common types of adverse events were (1) patient incidents (50%) such as falls, pressure ulcers and skin tears and (2) patient behaviors such as missing patient, assault, or sexual behaviors (14.5%). Of the 76 adverse events identified in the study, 44.8% were preventable. The hospital's voluntary reporting system did not capture 57.9% of the adverse events identified.ConclusionsFuture efforts to improve patient safety in ABI rehabilitation should focus on reducing falls, skin injuries and behaviors, and removing barriers to voluntary incident reporting. Detection of adverse events through chart reviews provides a more complete understanding of patient safety risks in ABI rehab than relying on incident reporting alone.
Anticholinergic drugs and risk of dementia: Time for action?
Authors: Bell Brian , Avery Anthony , Bishara Delia , Coupland Carol , Ashcroft Darren , Orrell Martin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEvidence suggests that the prescription of bladder anticholinergics is increasing. Recent studies have accentuated concerns about whether certain prescribed medications could increase risk of dementia, including anticholinergic drugs, and specifically anticholinergics used for bladder symptoms. Nevertheless, it can be difficult to draw together the evidence to review the case for possible causation. Recognising this issue in 1965, Bradford‐Hill set out nine criteria to help assess whether evidence of a causal relationship could be inferred between a presumed cause and an observed effect. In this commentary, we explore the extent to which associations between anticholinergics and dementia satisfy the Bradford‐Hill criteria and examine the potential implications. First, we look at studies that have examined the relationship between anticholinergic drugs with urological properties (bladder drugs) and the onset of dementia, and then present those studies which specifically focus on the cognitive effects of bladder drugs that affect muscarinic receptors in the brain versus the bladder on older people along with suggestions for future research. We also discuss the risks and benefits of these drugs for treating overactive bladder. If it can be shown that certain medications carry a specific risk of dementia, it is possible that initiatives to change prescribing could become a key tool in reducing the risk of dementia and may be easier to implement than some lifestyle changes.
Exploring the Food and Drug Administration’s review and approval of Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan)
Authors: Eadie Ashley L. , Brunt Keith R. , Herder Matthew 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFederal regulatory agencies such as the United States Food and Drug Administration review pharmacological evidence to ensure the safety and efficacy of new and repurposed pharmaceuticals prior to market approval. The discussions, disagreements and procedural decisions contained within such reviews offer unique insight into a pharmaceutical's strengths, weaknesses and opportunities, yet are often overlooked as a significant source of pharmacological information for research and development. To highlight the value of such resources, we present a case study on Entresto, a first‐in‐class angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and explore the regulatory rationale underlying its market approval. Using information extracted from Entresto's online approval package at Drugs@FDA, we explore some of the procedural complexities underlying market approval of new pharmaceuticals, discuss the broad pharmacological implications contained within regulatory agency grey literature, and highlight opportunities for future therapeutic development.
Adult damselflies as possible regulators of mosquito populations in urban areas
Authors: Córdoba‐Aguilar Alex , San Miguel‐Rodríguez Monserrat , Rocha‐Ortega Maya , Lanz‐Mendoza Humberto , Cime‐Castillo Jorge , Benelli Giovanni 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDDragonfly and damselfly larvae have been considered as possible biocontrol agents against young instars of mosquito vectors in urban environments. Yet our knowledge about adult odonate predation against mosquito adults is scarce. We quantified daily and annual predation rates, consumption rates and prey preferences of adult Hetaerina vulnerata male damselflies in an urban park. A focus on predation of mosquito species was provided, quantified their arbovirus (dengue, chikungunya and Zika) infection rates and biting activity.RESULTSForaging times of H. vulnerata overlapped with those of the maximum activity of hematophagous mosquitoes. The most consumed preys were Diptera and Hymenoptera and, in lower quantities, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Trichoptera, Psocoptera and Neuroptera. Of note, 7% of the diet was represented by hematophagous dipterans, with 2.4% being Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Prey abundance in the diet coincided with that of the same species in the environment. The arboviral infection rate (dengue, chikungunya and Zika) was 1.6% for A. aegypti and A. albopictus. The total biting rate of these mosquito vectors was 16 bites per person per day, while the annual rate of infectious bites was 93.4.CONCLUSIONAlthough 2.4% for both Aedes species seems a low consumption, considering the presence of 12 odonate species at the park, it can be argued that adult odonates may play a relevant role as mosquito vector regulators, therefore impacting the spread of mosquito‐borne diseases. Our study outlines the need for further research on the topic of the possible role of adult odonates for mosquito biocontrol. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Automatic synthesis of feedforward elements in quantitative feedback theory
Authors: Elso Jorge , Ostolaza J. Xabier 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecent developments in quantitative feedback theory (QFT) lead to feedforward design problems with both magnitude and phase constraints. In these cases, manual feedforward tuning becomes much more challenging and time consuming than the traditional prefilter shaping taking place on the Bode plot. This article presents a general procedure for the automatic synthesis of such elements. Feedforward bounds in the complex plane are expressed as constraints of a linear programming problem in which the Bode real‐complex relation is implicitly considered, ensuring a stable rational solution. The methodology is successfully tested in a well‐known benchmark problem.
Modeling and inference for mixtures of simple symmetric exponential families of ‐dimensional distributions for vectors with binary coordinates
Authors: Chakraborty Abhishek , Vardeman Stephen B. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe propose tractable symmetric exponential families of distributions for multivariate vectors of 0's and 1's in dimensions, or what are referred to in this paper as binary vectors, that allow for nontrivial amounts of variation around some central value . We note that more or less standard asymptotics provides likelihood‐based inference in the one‐sample problem. We then consider mixture models where component distributions are of this form. Bayes analysis based on Dirichlet processes and Jeffreys priors for the exponential family parameters prove tractable and informative in problems where relevant distributions for a vector of binary variables are clearly not symmetric. We also extend our proposed Bayesian mixture model analysis to datasets with missing entries. Performance is illustrated through simulation studies and application to real datasets.
High‐performer mobility to entrepreneurship and parent‐firm performance
Authors: Gjerløv‐Juel Pernille , Dahl Michael S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryWe investigate the effect of high‐performer employee mobility to same‐industry startups on parent‐firm performance. High‐performer mobility induces a loss of human assets but might also enable competition by transferring human and complementary assets from the parent firm to a competitor. Only when such transfer occurs is mobility to same‐industry startups more harmful than other types of high‐performer mobility. Human and complementary asset transfer is conditional on the departing high performer's ability to accumulate (and hence transfer) knowledge from the parent firm and the recipient firm's ability to absorb such knowledge. In support of this hypothesis, we show that the high performer's tenure and the startup's resources (size) moderate the performance effect of high‐performer mobility on same‐industry startups.Managerial SummaryIndustry experience is critical for new venture performance, and spinoff entrepreneurs (former employees from the same industry) perform better than other start‐ups. However, studies have found that high performers' mobility to spinoffs harms the performance of their former employers. This paper asks when do spinoffs result in increasing competition and when is spinoff entrepreneurship more harmful compared to other types of high performer mobility? We show that additional detrimental performance effects on former employers depend on employee tenure and the spinoffs' start‐up size. We argue that longer tenure increases competition because it allows the employee to form and strengthen personal relations, for example, to customers, and to accumulate more knowledge on products and processes. Start‐up size is important for the recreation and appropriation of this knowledge.
Fabrication of Chiral M13 Bacteriophage Film by Evaporation‐Induced Self‐Assembly
Authors: Park Soon Mo , Kim Won‐Geun , Kim Junkyu , Choi Eun‐Jung , Kim Hyoungsoo , Oh Jin‐Woo , Yoon Dong Ki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBiomacromolecules are likely to undergo self‐assembly and show specific collective behavior concentrated in the medium. Although the assembly procedures have been studied for unraveling their mysteries, there are few cases to directly demonstrate the collective behavior and phase transition process in dynamic systems. In the contribution, the drying process of M13 droplet is investigated, and can be successfully simulated by a doctor blade coating method. The morphologies in the deposited film are measured by atomic force microscopy and the liquid crystal phase development is captured in real time using polarized optical microscope. Collective behaviors near the contact line are characterized by the shape of meniscus curve and particle movement velocity. With considering rheological properties and flow, the resultant chiral film is used to align gold nanorods, and this approach can suggest a way to use M13 bacteriophage as a scaffold for the multi‐functional chiral structures.
Atomic Structural Evolution of Single‐Layer Pt Clusters as Efficient Electrocatalysts
Authors: Zhang Bin‐Wei , Ren Long , Xu Zhong‐Fei , Cheng Ning‐Yan , Lai Wei‐Hong , Zhang Lei , Hao Weichang , Chu Sheng‐Qi , Wang Yun‐Xiao , Du Yi , Jiang Lei , Liu Hua‐Kun , Dou Shi‐Xue 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe rational synthesis of single‐layer noble metal directly anchored on support materials is an elusive target to accomplish for a long time. This paper reports well‐defined single‐layer Pt (Pt‐SL) clusters anchored on ultrathin TiO2 nanosheets—as a new frontier in electrocatalysis. The structural evolution of Pt‐SL/TiO2 via self‐assembly of single Pt atoms (Pt‐SA) is systematically recorded. Significantly, the Pt atoms of Pt‐SL/TiO2 possess a unique electronic configuration with PtPt covalent bonds surrounded by abundant unpaired electrons. This Pt‐SL/TiO2 catalyst presents enhanced electrochemical performance toward diverse electrocatalytic reactions (such as the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen reduction reaction) compared with Pt‐SA, multilayer Pt nanoclusters, and Pt nanoparticles, suggesting an efficient new type of catalyst that can be achieved by constructing single‐layer atomic clusters on supports.
Marginal deformations of a class of AdS3 $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (0, 4) holographic backgrounds
Authors: Zacarías Salomon 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We discuss marginal deformations of warped AdS3×S2 solutions preserving small $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 4) supersymmetry in massive IIA and eleven-dimensional supergravity and obtain a whole family of new solutions. We characterise these new backgrounds by studying some observables like the quantised charges, associated Hannany-Witten brane set-ups and the holographic central charge, the latter is shown to be invariant under the deformation. The study of the preservation of supersymmetry shows that the new backgrounds support a dynamical SU(2) structure on the internal five-dimensional space.
Spectral Invariance of $$*$$-Representations of Twisted Convolution Algebras with Applications in Gabor Analysis
Authors: Austad Are 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe show spectral invariance for faithful $$*$$

∗

-representations for a class of twisted convolution algebras. More precisely, if G is a locally compact group with a continuous 2-cocycle c for which the corresponding Mackey group $$G_c$$

G
c

is $$C^*$$

C
∗

-unique and symmetric, then the twisted convolution algebra $$L^1 (G,c)$$

L
1

(
G
,
c
)

is spectrally invariant in $${\mathbb {B}}({\mathcal {H}})$$

B
(
H
)

for any faithful $$*$$

∗

-representation of $$L^1 (G,c)$$

L
1

(
G
,
c
)

as bounded operators on a Hilbert space $${\mathcal {H}}$$
H
. As an application of this result we give a proof of the statement that if $$\Delta $$
Δ
is a closed cocompact subgroup of the phase space of a locally compact abelian group $$G'$$

G
′

, and if g is some function in the Feichtinger algebra $$S_0 (G')$$

S
0

(

G
′

)

that generates a Gabor frame for $$L^2 (G')$$

L
2

(

G
′

)

over $$\Delta $$
Δ
, then both the canonical dual atom and the canonical tight atom associated to g are also in $$S_0 (G')$$

S
0

(

G
′

)

. We do this without the use of periodization techniques from Gabor analysis.
The DRD2 Taq1A polymorphism moderates the effect of PTSD symptom severity on the left hippocampal CA3 volume: a pilot study
Authors: Yuan Minlan , Zhu Hongru , Li Yuchen , Ge Fenfen , Lui Su , Gong Qiyong , Qiu Changjian , Song Huan , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Rationale and objectives
The hippocampus, especially the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) subfields, is reported to be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma. However, neuroimaging studies of the associations between PTSD and hippocampal subfield volumes have failed to yield consistent findings. The aim of this study is to examine whether the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) Taq1A polymorphism, which is associated with both hippocampal function and PTSD, moderated the association between PTSD severity and hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG volumes.

Methods
T1-weighted images were acquired from 142 trauma survivors from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake using a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging system. Hippocampal subfield segmentations were performed with FreeSurfer v6.0. We used the simple moderation model from the PROCESS v3.4 tool for SPSS 23.0 to examine the association between the rs1800497 polymorphism, PTSD severity, and hippocampal CA3 and DG volumes.

Results
A significant genotype × PTSD symptom severity interaction was found for the left CA3 volume (ΔF = 5.01, p = 0.008, ΔR2 = 0.05). Post hoc, exploratory analyses deconstructing the interaction revealed that severe PTSD symptomatology were associated with reduced left CA3 volume among TC heterozygotes (t =  − 2.86, p = 0.005).

Conclusions
This study suggests that DRD2 Taq1A polymorphism moderates the association between PTSD symptomatology and left CA3 volume, which promotes an etiological understanding of the hippocampal atrophy at the subfield level. This highlights the complex effect of environmental stress, and provides possible mechanism for the relationship between the dopaminergic system and hippocampal function in PTSD.