bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In1-Ghrelin Splicing Variant as a Key Element in the Pathophysiological Association Between Obesity and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jiménez-Vacas Juan M , Montero-Hidalgo Antonio J , Gómez-Gómez Enrique , Fuentes-Fayos Antonio C , Ruiz-Pino Francisco , Guler Ipek , Camargo Antonio , Anglada Francisco J , Carrasco-Valiente Julia , Tena-Sempere Manuel , Sarmento-Cabral André , Castaño Justo P , Gahete Manuel D , Luque Raúl M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Context
Recent studies emphasize the importance of considering the metabolic status to develop personalized medicine approaches. This is especially relevant in prostate cancer (PCa), wherein the diagnostic capability of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) dramatically drops when considering patients with PSA levels ranging from 3 to 10 ng/mL, the so-called grey zone. Hence, additional noninvasive diagnostic and/or prognostic PCa biomarkers are urgently needed, especially in the metabolic-status context.

Objective
To assess the potential relation of urine In1-ghrelin (a ghrelin-splicing variant) levels with metabolic-related/pathological conditions (eg, obesity, diabetes, body mass index, insulin and glucose levels) and to define its potential clinical value in PCa (diagnostic/prognostic capacity) and relationship with PCa risk in patients with PSA in the grey zone.

Methods
Urine In1-ghrelin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in a clinically, metabolically, pathologically well-characterized cohort of patients without (n = 397) and with (n = 213) PCa with PSA in the grey zone.

Results
Key obesity-related factors associated with PCa risk (BMI, diabetes, glucose and insulin levels) were strongly correlated to In1-ghrelin levels. Importantly, In1-ghrelin levels were higher in PCa patients compared to control patients with suspect of PCa but negative biopsy). Moreover, high In1-ghrelin levels were associated with increased PCa risk and linked to PCa aggressiveness (eg, tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion). In1-ghrelin levels added significant diagnostic value to a clinical model consisting of age, suspicious digital rectal exam, previous biopsy, and PSA levels. Furthermore, a multivariate model consisting of clinical and metabolic variables, including In1-ghrelin levels, showed high specificity and sensitivity to diagnose PCa (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.740).

Conclusions
Urine In1-ghrelin levels are associated with obesity-related factors and PCa risk and aggressiveness and could represent a novel and valuable noninvasive PCa biomarker, as well as a potential link in the pathophysiological relationship between obesity and PCa.
Prescribing cascades in community-dwelling adults: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Doherty Ann , Moriarty Frank , Boland Fiona , Clyne Barbara , Fahey Tom , Kennelly Seán , Wallace Emma 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Internationally, health systems face the challenge of managing a growing ageing population living with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Potentially inappropriate prescribing is common among patients with polypharmacy, increasing the risk for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Several prescribing indicator sets exist to improve prescribing and reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing, but do not address prescribing cascades. Prescribing cascades occur when a medication is prescribed to treat an ADR to another prescribed medication, whether intentionally or unintentionally, and constitute an important area to consider when characterising problematic polypharmacy. This is a protocol for a systematic review examining prescribing cascades in community-dwelling adults. Methods: The review will be reported adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search of Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library will be conducted from inception to March 2021, using a predetermined strategy. Grey literature will be searched using Open Grey, MedNar, Dart Europe, and the Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP) databases. No restrictions will be placed on language or publication year. Inclusion criteria are: population - community-dwelling adults (≥18 years), including those in residential or nursing homes; risk - prescription medication with the potential to cause side effects; outcomes - initiation of a new medicine to ‘treat’ or reduce the risk of experiencing an ADR. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case control and case series studies will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts; studies meeting inclusion criteria will undergo independent full-text screening by two reviewers. A narrative synthesis will be conducted. Study quality will be independently assessed using the relevant Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Discussion: This systematic review will identify examples of prescribing cascades for community-dwelling adults and contribute to developing an evidence base regarding such cascades. Registration: PROSPERO [CRD42021243163, 31/03/2021].
Effects of iron intake on neurobehavioural outcomes in African children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Mutua Agnes M. , Mwangi Kelvinson , Abubakar Amina , Atkinson Sarah H. 
Published: July 2021

Background:Iron deficiency and developmental delay are common in African children. While experimental studies indicate an important role of iron in brain development, effects of iron on child development remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effects of iron supplementation or fortification on neurobehavioural outcomes in African children and further summarise these effects in children living in non-African countries for comparison.Methods:We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus and Cochrane Library for studies published up to 9thMarch 2021. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating effects of iron supplementation or fortification on neurobehavioural outcomes in children. Due to heterogeneity in study methods, we analysed the studies qualitatively and only seven RCTs with 11 arms were meta-analysed.Results:We identified 2155 studies and included 34 studies (n=9808) in the systematic review. Only five studies (n=1294) included African children while 29 (n=8514) included children living in non-African countries. Of the five African studies, two (n=647) reported beneficial effects of iron supplementation on neurobehavioural outcomes in anaemic children while three (n=647) found no beneficial effects. Of 29 studies in children living in non-African countries, nine (n=2925) reported beneficial effects of iron supplementation or fortification on neurobehavioural outcomes, seven (n=786) reported beneficial effects only in children who had iron deficiency, iron deficiency anaemia or anaemia while 13 (n=4803) reported no beneficial effects. Meta-analysis of seven studies (n=775) in non-African countries showed no beneficial effects of iron supplementation on cognitive or motor development in children.Conclusions:There are few studies in African children despite the high burden of iron deficiency and developmental delay in this population. Evidence on the effects of iron supplementation on neurobehavioural outcomes remains unclear and there is need for further well-powered studies evaluating these effects in African populations.PROSPERO registration:CRD42018091278 (20/03/2018)
Case Article—Using Moneyball to Introduce Students to Data Analytics: Illustrating the Data Analytics Life Cycle
Authors: Roth Wendy Swenson , Matherne Brett P. 
Published: July 2021

In this data-dependent world, competency in data analytics is quickly becoming critical for success in business. In a quantitative-intensive course that introduces data analytics concepts, engaging students quickly and exposing them to more nuanced parts of the data analytics lifecycle is critical. This exercise uses the movie Moneyball as a framing tool to achieve these goals. Leveraging an appealing movie can help increase student engagement in the subject by presenting concepts in a less foreboding way. This exercise highlights scenes in the movie which embody the various stages of the data analytics lifecycle and allows faculty to present concepts via an engaging story adapted from a real-world example. This exercise provides faculty with different options of how to incorporate this movie into classes to introduce and develop a better understanding of the various steps of the data analytics lifecycle for students. Supplemental Material: The Teaching Note and supplemental material are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
The role of nursing leadership in supporting the delivery of compassionate care during NHS mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Rogers Helen 
Published: July 2021

Background/AimsThis qualitative study explores the role of nursing leadership in supporting the delivery of compassionate care in a hospital that experienced both an acquisition and merger within 5 years. It aimed to understand the impact that NHS mergers and acquisitions have on a nursing team's capacity to deliver compassionate care to patients and to explore how nursing leadership can support the delivery of compassionate care during these periods.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were undertaken with seven members of purposively recruited staff, who had lived experience of working at a hospital during an acquisition by a larger NHS trust, followed by a merger with another large NHS trust 5 years later.ResultsStaff valued authentic, honest and visible nurse leadership that was understanding of the context in which they were delivering care. Ward managers and matrons acted as ‘shock absorbers’ to protect their teams from the negative aspects of the change process. However, this came at an emotional cost and demonstrates the need for continued support structures.ConclusionsThis case study shows that staff value being able to deliver compassionate care; it gives meaning to their work, especially the ‘small things’. However, the context of care delivery can affect their ability to do this. There remains a great need for emotional support for staff to sustain their resilience in the face of changing staff, policies, practices and clinical models.
An Introduction to Formal Standardization and the Work on ICT Standardization in ISO/IEC – JTC1
Authors: Madelung Niels , Andersen Katrine Bergh 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this article is (a) to give the reader an introduction to formal standardization and (b) an overview of international standardization activities in the field of ICT.
In the first part of the article the introduction to formal standardization will be exemplified at a national level by the national Danish standardization organization (DS), at a European level by the European standardization organizations (CEN/CELENEC and ETSI) and at a global level by the international standardization organizations (ISO, IEC and ITU).
The second part of the article will provide the reader with an overview of the standards and ongoing standardization activities in JTC1 – the joint technical committee between ISO and IEC on ICT standardization. This paragraph will include a number of illustrative examples to give an in-depth impression of the work in the joint technical committee.
IEEE 802.11ah: A Long Range 802.11 WLAN at Sub 1 GHz
Authors: Sun Weiping , Choi Munhwan , Choi Sunghyun 
Published: July 2021

IEEE 802.11ah is an emerging Wireless LAN (WLAN) standard that defines a WLAN system operating at sub 1 GHz license-exempt bands. Thanks to the favorable propagation characteristics of the low frequency spectra, 802.11ah can provide much improved transmission range compared with the conventional 802.11 WLANs operating at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. 802.11ah can be used for various purposes including large scale sensor networks, extended range hotspot, and outdoor Wi-Fi for cellular traffic offloading, whereas the available bandwidth is relatively narrow.
In this paper, we give a technical overview of 802.11ah Physical (PHY) layer and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. For the 802.11ah PHY, which is designed based on the down-clocked operation of IEEE 802.11ac’s PHY layer, we describe its channelization and transmission modes. Besides, 802.11ah MAC layer has adopted some enhancements to fulfill the expected system requirements. These enhancements include the improvement of power saving features, support of large number of stations, efficient medium access mechanisms and throughput enhancements by greater compactness of various frame formats. Through the numerical analysis, we evaluate the transmission range for indoor and outdoor environments and the theoretical throughput with newly defined channel access mechanisms.
The clinicopathologic significance of Tks5 expression of peritoneal mesothelial cells in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Sugimoto Atsushi , Okuno Tomohisa , Tsujio Gen , Sera Tomohiro , Yamamoto Yurie , Maruo Koji , Kushiyama Shuhei , Nishimura Sadaaki , Kuroda Kenji , Togano Shingo , Miki Yuichiro , Yoshii Mami , Tamura Tatsuro , Toyokawa Takahiro , Tanaka Hiroaki , Muguruma Kazuya , Ohira Masaichi , Yashiro Masakazu 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) patients frequently develop peritoneal metastasis. Recently, it has been reported that peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) activated by GC cells acquire a migratory capacity and promote GC cell invasion. The invasiveness of PMCs reportedly depends on the activity of Tks5, an adaptor protein required for invadopodia formation. However, the relationship between clinicopathologic features and Tks5 expression in PMCs has been poorly documented. In this study, we evaluated the clinicopathologic significance of the Tks5 expression of PMCs in GC patients.Materials and methodsA total of 110 GC patients who underwent gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. Tks5 expressions in PMCs from the greater omentum, lesser omentum and retroperitoneum were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the correlation between Tks5 expressions in PMCs and the patients’ clinicopathologic features.ResultsTks5 expression was found in 71 (64.5%) of the 110 patients, while 39 (35.5%) were Tks5-negative. Tks5 positivity was significantly (p = 0.038) associated with a greater tumor depth (i.e., T3/4 compared with T1/T2). Peritoneal recurrence was found in 12 of 98 cases within 3 years of surgery. The 3-year peritoneal recurrence-free survival (PRFS) rate in Tks5-positive cases was significantly poorer than that in Tks5-negative cases (80.1% vs 97.4%,p= 0.024). Multivariate analysis revealed that Tks5 positivity and lymph node metastasis were independent factors for PRFS.ConclusionTks5 is frequently expressed in PMCs in advanced-stage gastric cancer. Tks5 might be a useful predictor for peritoneal recurrence in GC patients.
Pulmonary rehabilitation in Lebanon “What do we have”? A national survey among chest physicians
Authors: Farah Rebecca , Groot Wim , Pavlova Milena 
Published: July 2021

Background
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is not very often used by physicians in Lebanon despite evidence on its positive effects on health-related quality of life.

Aim
This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes and practices of PR among physicians in Lebanon. In addition, the study identifies the main barriers to access to PR according to chest physicians. Insight into these issues will help to increase awareness about the need for PR programs and can contribute to designing such programs in the country.

Methods
A survey was conducted during the regional conference of the Lebanese Pulmonary Society. One week after the initial survey, the survey questionnaire was sent by email to all chest physicians who were registered with the Lebanese Pulmonary Society but did not attend the conference. A 25-item questionnaire was used to collect information on PR.

Results
Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The response rate was 40%. Results show that only one-third of Lebanese chest physicians have good knowledge about the nature and multidisciplinary content of PR. Physicians generally support the current “Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program” in Beirut. Key barriers found are the lack of referral, lack of motivation by patients due to their health, cost of care and lack of qualified health care specialists in Lebanon.

Conclusion
Absence of awareness and education about PR among healthcare providers plays an important role in increasing access to the “Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program”. Awareness campaigns and education for physicians, health care professionals and patients should be considered to increase PR in the country.
Postoperative Hospital Outcomes of Elective Surgery for Nonmalignant Colorectal Polyps: Does the Burden Justify the Indication?
Authors: Kruger Andrew J. , Hussan Hisham , Stanich Peter P. , Gray Darrell M. , Porter Kyle M. , Hinton Alice , Raju Gottumukkala S. , Krishna Somashekar G. 
Published: July 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Despite the increasing availability of advanced endoscopic resections and its favorable safety profile, surgery for nonmalignant colorectal polyps has continually increased. We sought to evaluate readmission rates and outcomes of elective surgery for nonmalignant colorectal polyps on a national level in the United States.

METHODS:
The Nationwide Readmissions Database (2010–2014 [International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision] and 2016–2018 [International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision]) was used to identify all adult subjects (age ≥18 years) who underwent elective surgical resection of nonmalignant colorectal polyps. Multivariable analyses were performed for predictors of postoperative morbidity and 30-day readmission.

RESULTS:
Elective surgery for nonmalignant colorectal polyps was performed in 108,468 subjects from 2010 to 2014 and in 54,956 subjects from 2016 to 2018, most of whom were laparoscopic. Postoperative morbidity and 30-day readmission rates were 20.5% and 8.5% from 2010 to 2014, and 13.0% and 7.6% from 2016 to 2018, respectively. Index admission mortality rates were 0.3–0.4%; mortality rates were higher in those with postoperative morbidity. Multivariable analyses revealed that male sex, ≥3 comorbidities, insurance status, and open surgery predicted an increased risk of both postoperative morbidity and 30-day readmission. In addition, postoperative morbidity (2010–2014 [odds ratio 1.58; 95% confidence interval 1.44–1.74] and 2016–2018 [odds ratio 1.55; 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.75]) predicted early readmission.

DISCUSSION:
In this investigation of national practices, elective surgery for nonmalignant colorectal polyps remains common. There is considerable risk of adverse postoperative outcomes, which highlights the importance of increasing awareness of the range of endoscopic resections and referring subjects to expert endoscopy centers.
Eine »divinatorische Kultur par excellence«?
Authors: Lackner Michael 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend von bedeutenden Formen der chinesischen Divination befasst sich der Artikel mit Parallelen und Unterschieden zu vergleichbaren Phänomenen im Westen. Anhand von Konzeptualisierungen des freien Willens werden unterschiedliche Dimensionen der Theoretisierung von Vorhersage untersucht. Hinzu tritt eine Analyse der Affinität bestimmter Orakel zur Religion.
Gegenwartsorientierung aus Zukunftsgewissheit
Authors: Schart Aaron 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel rekonstruiert die sozio-religiöse Rolle des »Propheten«. Der Vergleich mit den mesopotamischen Parallelphänomenen macht deutlich, dass die israelitischen Propheten in ihrer Funktion und in ihrem Selbstverständnis als »Gottesbote« mit dem mesopotamischen Phänomen weitgehend übereinstimmen. Als Beispieltext dient Am 7,7–17. Zur Erstellung von Prophetenbüchern kam es nur in Israel. Deren Rezeption im Geist der Apokalyptik prägt das Neue Testament.
Digitalisierung und Künstliche Intelligenz
Authors: Grunwald Armin 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Seit Beginn des Computerzeitalters werden Vorhersagen modell- und datengestützt unternommen. Künstliche Intelligenz und Big Data haben neue Erwartungen auf bessere Vorhersagen geweckt. Am Beispiel der Technikfolgenabschätzung werden diese rekonstruiert und kritisch reflektiert. Im Ergebnis bleibt festzuhalten, dass sich an der Grundproblematik von Vorhersagen durch die Digitalisierung nichts ändert: Sie erfolgen auf Basis vergangener Daten, deren Extrapolierbarkeit in die Zukunft eigenständiger Überlegung bedarf.
»Vorhersageprodukte«
Authors: Weiskopf Richard 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag problematisiert das »new profiling«. Dieses bezieht seine Attraktivität aus dem Versprechen, mithilfe von Daten und leistungsfähigen Algorithmen Unsicherheit zu reduzieren und das Verhalten, Denken, Entscheiden von Menschen vorhersehbar zu machen. Auf der Basis scheinbar rationaler und neutraler Berechnungen verwandeln diese »Vorhersageprodukte« (S. Zuboff) das offene Werden in eine kalkulierte Zukunft, die zu einer Quelle der Generierung von Einkommen und Kapital wird und zugleich mögliche Zukünfte verbaut.
Color and composition of beauty products formulated with lemongrass essential oil: Cosmetics formulation with lemongrass essential oil
Authors: Tran Thien Hien , Tran Thi Kim Ngan , Ngo Thi Cam Quyen , Pham Tri Nhut , Bach Long Giang , Phan Nguyen Quynh Anh , Le Thi Hong Nhan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Diversification of products that are derived from essential oils carries important implications in reducing agricultural waste and promoting the medicinal materials industry. In this study, we formulated a shampoo and a body wash product incorporated with lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oils (LEOs) and evaluated their color stability and the LEO compositional change. We first determined the color change and chemical composition of bare LEO under different storage conditions. Afterward, the washing product base was formulated, and its formulation process was optimized to minimize the color change by varying a wide range of parameters including pH, the inclusion of preservatives and antioxidants, LEO/antioxidant ratio, and emulsification temperature. The base product was then used in body wash and shampoo formulation following our previously reported procedure. The results indicated that direct incorporation of the LEO into the cosmetic products resulted in better color stability and citral retention in comparison with emulsion formation. In addition, shampoo and body wash products showed no detectible presence of compounds resulting from citral decomposition such as 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene, p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol, and p-cymene-8-ol. The current findings are expected to aid in diversifying LEO-derived commodities and justifying scalability of the cosmetics production process with a focus on the incorporation of naturally derived ingredients.
Troubling Pasts: Teaching Public History in Northern Ireland
Authors: Purdue Olwen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article explores the challenges and opportunities presented for the teaching and practice of public history in a post-conflict society that remains deeply divided over its past. It examines some of the negative ways in which history is used in the public arena, but also the potential of public history initiatives for building a more cohesive and forward-looking society. It examines how students can use the rich cultural landscape of Northern Ireland and engage with a wide range of experienced practitioners to learn more about the ways in which history divides; how we can negotiate these divisions over interpretations; how different communities understand, represent, and engage with their past; and why this matters.