bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Stock of Different Parts of Major Plant Species of Three Ecological Zones of Bangladesh Sundarbans
Authors: Ahmed Ashfaque , Ahmed Tanvir , Md Ataullah - 
Published: June 2021

The biomass and carbon sequestration by different parts namely leaf, stem and roots of major dominant plant species of different quadrats established in three ecological zones of Bangladesh Sundarban Mangrove Forests (SMF) were determined. A visit was done during 28 March to 1 April 2016 covering the oligohaline, mesohaline and polyhaline zones of SMF. Plant parts (stem, branch and leaf) of major plant species were collected from 16 quadrats of different locations. The major plant species were selected on the basis of abundance (number). Aboveground biomass (AGB) was estimated as the product of tree volume and wood density. Below ground biomass (BGB) were estimated from the 20% of above ground stem biomass. Carbon stock and CO2 sequestration were estimated from the dry weight of AGB and BGB. A total of 20 species in 16 different quadrats in three ecological zones and overall SMF was recorded. Among 20 species 10 dominant tree species were considered on the basis of abundance (number) for the estimation of AGB, BGB and CO2 sequestration. Species wise mean AGB (ton/ha) of 10 dominant mangrove trees are in order Heritiera fomes (186.423) > Excoecaria agallocha (28.752) > Avicennia officinalis (24.082) > Ceriops decandra (5.021) > Cynometra ramiflora (1.403) > Tamarix dioica (0.592) > Xylocarpus moluccensis (0.500) > Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (0.307) > Aegiceras corniculata (0.241) > Aglaia cuculata (0.038).Species wise mean BGB (ton/ha) of 10 dominant mangrove trees are in order H. fomes (34.99) > E. agallocha (4.94) > A. officinalis (4.79) > C. decandra (0.704) > X. moluccensis (0.47) > C. ramiflora (0.15) > B. gymnorrhiza (0.018) > A. corniculata (0.015) > T. dioica (0.008) >A. cuculata (0.004). The total CO2 sequestered (above ground and below ground) in overall SMF (considered land area 4143 km2) was 192.869 megaton.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 373-385, 2021 (June)
Effects of Trichoderma Species on the Growth of Fusarium Verticillioides
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Kumar Sanjeev , Chaudhary Balkishan 
Published: June 2021

Six biocontrol treatments viz., Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum, T. harzianum + T. viride, T. harzianum + T. virens and T. viride + T. virens were evaluated to test the antagonism against Fusarium verticillioides under in vitro conditions. The maximum growth inhibition (90.6%) was recorded in consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride in dual culture technique . The volatile and non volatile compounds from the consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride also found best and suppressed the mycelial growth of F. verticillioides to the tune of 83.90 and 84.61 %, respectively.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 423-425, 2021 (June)
Prevalence of cancer related to sociodemographic characteristics and prevention strategies in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Warsame Abdullahi Abdulkarim , Sönmez Recep Erçin , Muse Mohamed Moalim , Guled Ahmed Yusuf , Alimoğlu Orhan 
Published: June 2021

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and is estimated to account for 9.6 million death in 2018. Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach and liver cancers are those most common among men; while breast, colorectal, lung, cervix and thyroid cancers are most frequent types among women.
Objectives: The present study aims to assume a leading role for forthcoming researches to establish a national cancer registry database in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Methodology: This is a retrospective 6-months analysis of cancer patients whose data were achieved from pathology department registries of Liban and Veritas Hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Results: 126 (M/F: 51 (41.5%) / 75 (59.5%)) patients were included in the study. Esophagus had been recorded as the most frequent site of organ which was diagnosed with cancer (n=74 (58.7%)). Squamous cell carcinoma was recorded to be the most frequent histopathologically confirmed subtype (n=91 (72%), M/F:34/57), which was followed by adenocarcinoma (n=16 (12.7%), M/F:11/5) and sarcoma (n=6 (4.8%), M/F:5/1) consequtively. Majority of both squamous cell carcinoma (n=37 (40.7%)) and sarcoma patients (n=3 (50%)) were >60 years of age, whereas patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (n=7 (43.75%)) were between 41-50 years of age.
Conclusion: Emphasis should be placed on finding ways to ensure early detection and diagnosis of cancer in Mogadishu, Somalia promptly. That should begin by giving educations to community to raise public awareness, and establishing national cancer registry to reveal up-to date data in order to make risk assessment and coordinate management strategies accordingly.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.756-761
Relationship between second toe length and androgen-linked behaviours among students of Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Authors: Abimbola Ebeye Oladunni , Enatewe Akpoyibo Emmanuel , Stanley Dafe Onoriode , Godswill Okoro Ogheneyebrorue 
Published: June 2021

Background: During the formation of the limbs, a simultaneous production of androgens occurs. It has also been noticed that when genetic process is inhibited, it can lead to complications affecting the limbs. It is therefore believed that testosterone influences the development of the limbs.
Aim: This study therefore looked at the association between second toe length and androgen linked behaviours.
Materials and Method: Three hundred (166 males and 134 females) subjects who were students of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka aged 18 and above, were selected using the cross-sectional descriptive study design. Second toe length was observed, standardize questionnaire on handedness, competition and aggregation was administered to students. Data obtained were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences.
Results: This study established a significant association between 2nd toe length and some androgen linked behaviours. Significant association between subjects with longer 2nd toe and competitiveness was observed (p<0.05) as well as aggressive behavior.
Conclusion: From this study, it was deduced that androgens influence 2nd toe length and 2nd toe length also influences androgen linked behaviours such as competition and aggression.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.779-789
Readiness for cancer cervix control in a North Indian population: Identifying the gaps
Authors: Arfin Md Islam , Mahmood Syed Esam , Ahmad Ausaf , Muzammil Khursheed , Ahmad Mohammad Tauheed , Al Musa Hassan M 
Published: June 2021

Background: Cancer of the cervix is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths amongst women in India. Apart from the availability of healthcare services, awareness and attitude, the cornerstone of public health measures such as screening and vaccination are useful in the control of cervical cancer. There is a lack of studies regarding cervical cancer in the selected region.
Objectives: To assess the knowledge of cervical cancer and its associated factors amongst rural women in a densely populated state of Northern India.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year, i.e., from April 2018 to March 2019, in five randomly selected villages of the Bakshi Ka Talab Block of District Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Systematic random sampling was performed to include females aged 15 years and above by a house to house survey. Trained social workers interviewed the consenting participants using a self-structured, pretested and validated questionnaire. The suitable statistical test was used to analyze the data.
Results: The majority of the participants (n=300) were aged between 20- 24 years, and the mean age was 28.5 years. Sixty-four per cent of the females were married, and round 43.7% belonged to lower socioeconomic class. Nearly one third reported to have not heard of cervical cancer previously. The knowledge of the various aspects of cancer cervix varied from 3.2% to 55.3%. The most frequently recognized risk factors were early pregnancy (15.7%), giving birth to ≥ 3 children (13.2%) and early sexual initiation (11.7%). Majority of respondents (56.4 per cent) reported weakness to be the most common effect of leucorrhoea. Nearly half of females falsely perceived the actual cause of the leucorrhoea as excess heat in the body. None of the participants had either undergone screening for cervical cancer or had received HPV vaccination despite the availability of healthcare facilities within 30 kilometres. The educational and socioeconomic status were found to be significant predictors of knowledge of cervical cancer on multivariate logistic regression analysis
Conclusion: A general lack of awareness has been noted regarding cervical cancer in the study population. None of the participants had undergone screening for cancer cervix or had been administered HPV vaccination, which points to a lack of healthcare utilisation. There is a need to sensitize the target population to the menace of cervical cancer and the usefulness of screening and HPV uptake.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.790-795
Postprandial Somnolence and its awareness among the Medical Undergraduate Students: A crosssectional study
Authors: Chaturvedi Abhishek , Guru Anitha , Kumar Naveen , Lin Ling Yi , Wei Daniel YeapTze , Sheng Lai Kah , Yee Leow Hjun 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Postprandial somnolence or commonly referred to as food coma is generally experienced after the ingestion of afternoon meals. The performance of an individual gets affected after the ingestion of a heavy meal and this is more pertinent in a college setup where students have to attend a lecture right after the meal. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness of medical students about the factors responsible for postprandial somnolence, to identify the methods used to counteract it and to ascertain lecturers’ perception on responsiveness and participation of the students in a post lunch lecture.
Methods: Total 330 students (first year to third year MBBS students) aged between 18-21 years and 40 lecturers teaching first and second year MBBS students were involved in this study. Two separate questionnaires (Part A: students’ perception, and B: lecturers’ perception) were prepared, peer-reviewed, validated and administered to the respective participants. All the responses were compiled and expressed in frequency percentage. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 15.0 for a level of statistical significance of 5%. Pearson correlation was used to get the association between the variables.
Results: About 55.75% students were aware about the role of serotonin and melatonin in drowsiness but 45.75% students did not know that food rich in tryptophan relaxes the brain and results in sleepiness. Students agree that heaviness of their meal might cause drowsiness and indigestion or bloating, which can also result in lethargy and can affect their performance. Majority of the lecturers opined that students disturb the harmony of the class and are less responsive and participative in post lunch break lectures.
Conclusion: Thus, the present study provided scope for conducting awareness talks regarding the strategies to counteract postprandial somnolence among medical students which can help improve their concentration during post-lunch lectures.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.826-832
Factors associated with dengue fever patients attending primary health clinics in Kota Kinabalu
Authors: Maluda Marilyn Charlene Montini , Rahim Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul , Tha Naing Oo , Dony Jiloris F , Khoon Koay Teng , Ibrahim Mohd Yusof , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Avoi Richard , Robinson Fredie , Mohd Daud Mohd Nazri 
Published: June 2021

Background: Dengue fever infection has become a major public health concern in Malaysia with frequent epidemics occurring in urban areas. In Sabah, Dengue fever is among the 5 most reported communicable diseases and the district of Kota Kinabalu is among the top 3 districts with the highest number of dengue cases with 563 cases recorded in 2016.
Aims and Methodolgy: This study aimed to determine the factors contributing or associated with dengue fever occurrence in Kota Kinabalu. A cross- sectional study was conducted among the primary health care clinic attendees in Kota Kinabalu. Data was collected via a set of structured questionnaires focusing on socio-demographic characteristic of participants, environmental characteristic of households, history of previous exposure to dengue fever, knowledge towards dengue fever and its vector, awareness on dengue fever and mosquito control and dengue fever prevention practices.
Results and Recommendations: Among the 350 individual’s that participated in the interview, 53 were dengue fever cases. Subsequently, the prevalence of Dengue fever cases among the study population was calculated with prevalence in percentage concluded as 15.1%. Further analysis revealed that factors such as aged group by years, number of household occupants, staying at dengue outbreak areas, self – reported history of recent mosquito bites, indoor and outdoor storage of open water containers, installed house window screens, knowledge on dengue fever and its vector, practices of wearing protective clothing outdoor and usage of mosquito repellent ointment or creams showed significant association with dengue fever outcomes. However, further studies would need to be conducted to determine if these factors possess a higher threat or risk for dengue fever.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.878-886
Hydroxychloroquine as Therapeutic Option in COVID-19: Analysis of Suspected Cardiovascular Adverse Drug Events Reported in the VigiBase
Authors: Dutta Siddhartha , Kaur Rimplejeet , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Deora Surender , Singh Kavita , Ambwani Sneha , Charan Jaykaran , Abubakar Abdullahi Rabiu , Jahan Iffat , Lugova Halyna , Islam Salequl , Haque Mainul 
Published: June 2021

Background: Hydroxychloroquine(HCQ), one of the repurposed drugs in COVID-19, has several known cardiovascular(CVS) toxicities.
Methods: VigiBase data were used to analyze the reported ADEs linked to HCQ. The data were analyzed based on age, gender, and seriousness of ADEs at the System Organ Classification level and the individual Preferred Term level.
Results: The majority were above 18 years(91.6%) and from Europe(41.6%). A total of 5,315 ADEs were associated with HCQ use in COVID-19. Of these, 918 ADEs were attributed to CVS and reported from 773 patients. Grossly, CVS ADEs were associated with concomitant use of HCQ and azithromycin(AZM), and only 40 ADEs were solely due to HCQ. The majority were serious (69.3%) and resolved afterward (51%). In CVS ADEs, there were 366 cardiac disorders, 38 vascular disorders, and 514 ADEs under investigation. Among the cardiac disorders, palpitation was the most typical (N=65), followed by bradycardia(N=44) and tachycardia(N=33). Among arrhythmias, QT prolongation (N=469), atrial fibrillation (N=25), and ventricular tachycardia(N=16) were common. The odds of developing serious CVS ADEs increased with age, patients aged 45-64 years(OR=1.75; p= 0.015) and >65 years(OR=1.93, p=0.003) as compared to younger ones.
Conclusion: Hydroxychloroquine with known CVS toxicities and increased risk with co-administering AZM makes physicians cautious while prescribing in COVID-19 patients.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.897-910
The predominance of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes and Its Association with the Viral Load in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Sufian Abu , Majumder Ashish Kumar , Taher M Abu , Khaleque Md Abul , Akhteruzzaman Sharif , Hasan Kazi Nadim 
Published: June 2021

Determination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype and viral load are two significant prognostic and assessment markers of treatment decisions. The study aimed to determine the predominant HCV types or subtypes and any association with the viral load in Bangladeshi chronic HCV infected patients. A total of 359 anti-HCV positive patients underwent investigation to estimate viral load and determination of genotype and subtype using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). Among 306 detectable viral loads containing individuals, 278 (90.85%) genotyped successfully, and 28 (9.15%) had unknown genotypes. Among typable genotypes, 1a accounted for 14 (5.03%), 1b for 14 (5.03%), 3 for 247 (88.85%), 4 for 2 (0.72%) and genotype 6 for 1 (0.36%). Based on pre-treatment viral load levels, study subjects classified into three categories such as low (<50000 IU/mL), intermediate (50000-500000 IU/mL), and high (>500000 IU/mL). The majority of HCV other types (1a, 1b, 4, 6) infected patients (96.4%) had intermediate to high viral load compared to those infected with genotype 3 (77.7%) and unclassified types (55.0%) (χ2 =15.41; p = 0.004). HCV type 3 was prevalent (68.4%) in the above 40 years of group compared to less than 40 years group (31.6%). HCV genotype 3 was the predominant genotype circulating in Bangladesh. Pre-treatment viral load demonstrated significant difference among individuals having HCV other types and type 3. However, sequencing the HCV genome analysis would determine the exact types and subtypes among all possible HCV strains available in Bangladesh.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 955-959, 2021 (January)
Adaptation of the Quality of Life in Autism Scale for use in Bangladesh
Authors: Azad SM Abul Kalam , Shilvy Nur E Nahid , Rabby Ata A 
Published: June 2021

Parents of children with developmental disabilities, particularly Autism Spectrum disorder, are known to be at risk for high levels of psychological distress. The present study aimed to adapt the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire (QoLA, parent-version) in the context of Bangladeshi culture. The sample included 50 participants. Participants were selected from the Institute of Paediatric Neurology and Autism (IPNA, BSMMU) and some special schools of Dhaka city. World Health Organization’s (WHO, 2009) guidelines were followed in translating the QoLA and adaptation for use in Bangladesh. For the parent-report version of the QoLA, Cronbach’s coefficients were 0.880 and 0.725 for part A and part B subscale items, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients for the test-retest reliability were r =0.964 for part A of the scale and r = 0.954 for part B. These psychometric properties are comparable to those obtained in the initial QoLA validation study (Eapen et al. 2014). Results of this study demonstrate that the Bangla version of the QoLA (Parent version) provides a valid measure of quality of life and is suitable for use in Bangladesh.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 960-966, 2021 (January
Breeding Biology of the Red-Whiskered Bulbul, Pycnonotus Jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758) In Madhupur National Park, Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Shawkat Imam , Naher Habibon 
Published: June 2021

Breeding biology of the Red-whiskered Bulbul, Pycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Madhupur National Park (MNP), Bangladesh, was carried out from January to June in 2009. The breeding season lasted from February to May. Both the parents built a hollow cup-shaped nest, the weight, length, and depth of which were respectively, 9.9-12 g (10.98±0.78 g), 8-10 cm (8.98±0.67 cm), and 4.1-5 cm (4.62±0.312 cm). The outer and inner diameter of the nest opening was 8-9.7 cm (8.92±0.54 cm) and 6-7.5 cm (6.72±0.49 cm), respectively. The height of the nest from the ground ranged from 0.6-2.1 m (1.41±0.55 m). They took 14-16 days (15±0.85 days) in nest building and laid 2-4 (2.74±0.81) whitish with brown blotched eggs. The egg size was 2.10×1.45 cm. The hatchlings hatched out after 12-15 days (13.14±1.17 days) of incubation period and fledged between 13-18 days (14.85±1.77 days) after hatching. The breeding success was 81.82% in relation to nestlings hatched and 51.92% in relation to eggs laid. Infertility (47.36%) was the leading cause of egg loss and stolen (66.67%) for nestlings.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 179-189, December 2020
Identification and Quantification of Soil Pesticides in Coastal Lakshmipur District of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin M Amin , Chowdhury Nasidulabedin , Rahman Md Abdur , Rashid Md Harunur , Chowdhury M Alamgir Zaman , Fardous Zeenath 
Published: June 2021

This study was carried out to determine the presence and quantity of some selected pesticides from soil sediments collected from some ponds and canals located in the Lakshmipur district of Bangladesh. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique was used to determine the concentration of pesticide residues. Some soil samples were found to be contaminated with carbamate (carbofuran and carbaryl) and organophosphorus (diazinon) pesticides. The concentration of carbofuran pesticide ranged from 0.303 μg/kg to 1.851 μg/kg. The highest concentration of carbofuran pesticide was found in SSP6 (1.851 μg/kg) and the lowest concentration was found in SSP9 (0.303 μg/kg). Carbaryl pesticide was found to be present in the sediment of only one pond, the concentration being 1.047 μg/kg. Organophosphorus (diazinon) pesticide was found in soil samples and the concentrations ranged from 0.147 μg/kg to 0.759 μg/kg, which were higher than the EEC-recommended limit of 0.1 μg/kg.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 191-200, December 2020
Growth and Yield of Avicennia Officinalis (Baen) L. And Heritiera Fomes (Sundri) Buch. Ham. Plantations Established From Plus Tree Seeds in the Western Coastal Belt of Bangladesh
Authors: Miah Md Abdul Quddus , Moula Md Golam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract not available
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 46(2): 209-214, December 2020
Growth performances and nutrient compositions of pabda Ompokbimaculatus (Bloch, 1797) grown in recirculating and closed aquaculture systems
Authors: Zahid Md Al , Fatema Kaniz , Hassan Md Rakibul , Hasan Mahmud 
Published: June 2021

This study evaluated the growth performances and nutrient compositions of pabda Ompok bimaculatus (Bloch, 1797) in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and a closed aquaculture system (CAS). The average daily weight gain (ADG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of pabda in RAS (ADG: 0.18 g/d; SGR: 3.40 %/d) was 3.61- and 1.41-folds higher than that of the CAS (ADG: 0.05 g/d; SGR: 2.40 %/d). Fish had significantly higher level of PUFA (Poly-unsaturated fatty acid) in CAS (41%) than in RAS (33%). The ratio between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in RAS and CAS were 0.73 and 0.69, respectively. This study’s results have demonstrated that the culture of pabda in RAS is more suitable than CAS in terms of growth.
J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 47(1): 1-12, June 2021