bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Referral to and enrolment in cardiac rehabilitation after open-heart surgery in the Netherlands
Authors: Conijn D. , de Lind van Wijngaarden R. A. F. , Vermeulen H. M. , Vliet Vlieland T. P. M. , Meesters J. J. L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim
Although referral to phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation (CR) following open-heart surgery is recommended in professional guidelines, according to the literature, participation rates are suboptimal. This study investigates the referral and enrolment rates, as well as determinants for these rates, for phase 2 CR following open-heart surgery via sternotomy.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among patients who underwent open-heart surgery via sternotomy in a university hospital. Data on referral and enrolment rates and possible factors associated with these rates (age, sex, type of surgery, educational level, living status, employment, income, ethnicity) were collected by a questionnaire or from the patient’s medical file. Univariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio) was used to study associations of patient characteristics with referral and enrolment rates.

Results
Of the 717 eligible patients, 364 (51%) completed the questionnaire. Their median age was 68 years (interquartile range 61–74) and 82 (23%) were female. Rates for referral to and enrolment in phase 2 CR were 307 (84%) and 315 (87%), respectively. Female sex and older age were independently associated with both non-referral and non-enrolment. Additional factors for non-enrolment were surgery type (coronary artery bypass grafting with valve surgery and miscellaneous types of relatively rare surgery), living alone and below-average income.

Conclusion
Phase 2 CR referral and enrolment rates for patients following open-heart surgery were well over 80%, suggesting adequate adherence to professional guidelines. During consultation, physicians and specialised nurses should pay more attention to certain patient groups (at risk of non-enrolment females and elderly). In addition, in-depth qualitative research to identify reasons for non-referral and/or non-enrolment is needed.
The stochastic tamed MHD equations: existence, uniqueness and invariant measures
Authors: Schenke Andre 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe study the tamed magnetohydrodynamics equations, introduced recently in a paper by the author, perturbed by multiplicative Wiener noise of transport type on the whole space $${\mathbb {R}}^{3}$$

R

3

and on the torus $${\mathbb {T}}^{3}$$

T

3

. In a first step, existence of a unique strong solution are established by constructing a weak solution, proving that pathwise uniqueness holds and using the Yamada–Watanabe theorem. We then study the associated Markov semigroup and prove that it has the Feller property. Finally, existence of an invariant measure of the equation is shown for the case of the torus.
Prävalenz kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren bei Polizeivollzugsbeamten in Ausbildung
Authors: Koch S. , Werdecker L. , Esch T. 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Für Polizeibeamte besteht durch gleichzeitiges Auftreten von beruflichem Stress, wie etwa dem Schicht- und Wechseldienst, dem Bewältigungserfordernis dynamisch-komplexer Einsatzlagen sowie einer erhöhten Risiko- und Gefährdungsstufe und gesundheitsschädlichen Lebensgewohnheiten ein erhöhtes Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Der Fokus bisheriger Studien lag auf älteren Polizeibeamten, während zur Situation bei jüngeren Rekruten nur wenig bekannt ist.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Prävalenz und Ausprägung individueller Risikofaktoren sollten in einem Kollektiv von jungen Polizeirekruten untersucht werden.

Methodik
Alle Thüringer Polizeibeamten des Ausbildungsjahres 2017/2018 (n = 199, 151 männlich) wurden untersucht. Das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 24,3 ± 4,3 Jahren (Männer) bzw. 23,4 ± 3,8 Jahren (Frauen). Ruhepuls, Blutdruck, Body-Mass-Index (BMI) und Bauchumfang wurden als körperliche Indikatoren kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren gemessen, Lebensstil-Parameter wurden anhand selbst auszufüllender Fragebögen (soziodemografische Daten, Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens etc.) erfasst.

Ergebnisse
Wesentliche Risikofaktoren kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen wie Übergewicht, vergrößerter Bauchumfang und Nikotinabusus traten bei Männern und Frauen in 37 % und 9 % (Übergewicht), 11 % und 23 % (Bauchumfang) bzw. 34 % und 47 % (Nikotinabusus) auf. Rekruten mit Übergewicht rauchten signifikant häufiger (p = 0,008). Bei zwei Studienteilnehmern lag eine arterielle Hypertonie vor, bei 19 % war der Blutdruck akut erhöht.

Schlussfolgerung
Bei Polizeirekruten besteht eine erhöhte Prävalenz von kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren wie Übergewicht, großer Bauchumfang oder Nikotinabusus. Da insbesondere übergewichtige Polizeianwärter verstärkt zu Nikotin- und Alkoholkonsum neigen, stellen diese ein besonders gefährdetes Risikokollektiv dar. Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Förderung der Gesundheitskompetenz sollten die Rekruten bei der Risikominimierung unterstützen.
En route to the North: modelling crested porcupine habitat suitability and dispersal flows across a highly anthropized area in northern Italy
Authors: Torretta Elisa , Orioli Valerio , Bani Luciano , Mantovani Sergio , Dondina Olivia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) underwent a rapid and widespread range expansion in Italy. Nowadays the species is moving towards the northernmost regions of the country and its occurrence is increasing in the highly anthropized Po Plain. Our objectives were to evaluate the suitability of the Po Plain for the species, as well as to identify dispersal corridors connecting the northern Apennines occurrence areas and the Prealps. We modelled the species home-range scale habitat suitability based on an ensemble modelling approach. Additionally, a habitat suitability prediction carried out at a finer scale was used to parametrize the landscape resistance, based on which we modelled the potential dispersal corridors for the species using a factorial least-cost path approach. The ensemble prediction estimated a potential occurrence of the crested porcupine in 27.4% of the study area. The species occurrence probability was mainly driven by the distribution of extensive cultivations, woodlands and shrublands, and water courses and by the annual mean temperature. Conversely, the movements of the species resulted mainly sustained by woodlands and shrublands and highly hindered by simple arable lands and rice paddies. The connectivity prediction showed that three main dispersal routes are likely to connect crested porcupine occurrence areas in the northern Apennines to currently unoccupied but highly suitable areas in the Prealps. The study allowed us to identify the areas in the Prealps with the highest probability to be colonized by the crested porcupine in the near future and provided important insights for the conservation of a strictly protected species in a human-dominated landscape.
Building a pipeline of community-engaged researchers: How interdisciplinary translational research training programs can collaborate with their Community Research Advisory Councils
Authors: LaFave Sarah E. , Wallace Duane J. , Grover Raneitra , Clark Roger , Marks Stacey , Lacanienta Cyd , Evans Crystal , Kalil Graziela Z. , Ouyang Pamela , Himmelfarb Cheryl R. , Abshire Martha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Community research advisory councils (C-RAC) bring together community members with interest in research to support design, evaluation, and dissemination of research in the communities they represent. There are few ways for early career researchers, such as TL1 trainees, to develop skills in community-engaged research, and there are limited opportunities for C-RAC members to influence early career researchers. In our novel training collaboration, TL1 trainees presented their research projects to C-RAC members who provided feedback. We present on initial evidence of student learning and summarize lessons learned that TL1 programs and C-RACs can incorporate into future collaborations.
Radiation dose to the heart with hypofractionation in patients with left breast cancer
Authors: Yadav Budhi Singh , Das Deepak Kumar , Kumar Narendra , Singhal Manphool , Robert Ngangom 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction
In this study we compared radiation dose received by organs at risk (OARs) after breast conservation surgery(BCS) and mastectomy in patients with left breast cancer.

Materials and methods
Total 30 patients, 15 each of BCS and mastectomy were included in this study. Planning Computerised Tomography (CT) was done for each patient. Chest wall, whole breast, heart, lungs, LAD, proximal and distal LAD, and contra lateral breast was contoured for each patient. Radiotherapy plans were made by standard tangent field. Dose prescribed was 40Gy/16#/3 weeks. Mean heart dose, LAD, proximal and distal LAD, mean and V5 of right lung, and mean, V5, V10 and V20 of left lung, mean dose and V2 of contra lateral breast were calculated for each patient and compared between BCS and mastectomy patients using student’s T test.

Results
Mean doses to the heart, LAD, proximal LAD and distal LAD were 3.364Gy, 16.06Gy, 2.7Gy, 27.5Gy; and 4.219Gy, 14.653Gy, 4.306Gy, 24.6Gy, respectively for mastectomy and BCS patients. Left lung mean dose, V5, V10 and V20 were 5.96Gy, 16%, 14%, 12.4%; and 7.69Gy, 21%, 18% and 16% in mastectomy and BCS patients, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference in the doses to the heart and left lung between mastectomy and BCS. Mean dose to the right lung was significantly less in mastectomy as compared to BCS, 0.29Gy vs. 0.51Gy, respectively (p = 0.007). Mean dose to the opposite breast was significantly lower in patients with mastectomy than BCS (0.54Gy Vs 0.37Gy, p = 0.007). The dose to the distal LAD was significantly higher than proximal LAD both in BCS (24.6Gy Vs 4.3Gy, p = <0.0001) and mastectomy (27.5Gy Vs 2.7Gy, p = <0.0001) patients.

Conclusion
There was no difference in doses received by heart and left lung between BCS and mastectomy patients. Mean doses to the right lung and breast were significantly less in mastectomy patients.
Dietary raffinose ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation induced by cholic acid via modulation of enterohepatic bile acid circulation in rats
Authors: Maegawa Kenta , Koyama Haruka , Fukiya Satoru , Yokota Atsushi , Ueda Koichiro , Ishizuka Satoshi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEnterohepatic circulation of 12α-hydroxylated (12αOH) bile acid (BA) is enhanced depending on the energy intake in high-fat diet-fed rats. Such BA metabolism can be reproduced using a diet supplemented with cholic acid (CA), which also induces simple steatosis, without inflammation and fibrosis, accompanied by some other symptoms that are frequently observed in the condition of non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats. We investigated whether supplementation of the diet with raffinose (Raf) improves hepatic lipid accumulation induced by the CA-fed condition in rats. After acclimation to the AIN-93-based control diet, male Wistar rats were fed diets supplemented with a combination of Raf (30 g/kg diet) and/or CA (0·5 g/kg diet) for 4 weeks. Dietary Raf normalised hepatic TAG levels (two-way ANOVA P < 0·001 for CA, P = 0·02 for Raf and P = 0·004 for interaction) in the CA-supplemented diet-fed rats. Dietary Raf supplementation reduced hepatic 12αOH BA concentration (two-way ANOVA P < 0·001 for CA, P = 0·003 for Raf and P = 0·03 for interaction). The concentration of 12αOH BA was reduced in the aortic and portal plasma. Raf supplementation increased acetic acid concentration in the caecal contents (two-way ANOVA P = 0·001 as a main effect). Multiple regression analysis revealed that concentrations of aortic 12αOH BA and caecal acetic acid could serve as predictors of hepatic TAG concentration (R2 = 0·55, P < 0·001). However, Raf did not decrease the secondary 12αOH BA concentration in the caecal contents as well as the transaminase activity in the CA diet-fed rats. These results imply that dietary Raf normalises hepatic lipid accumulation via suppression of enterohepatic 12αOH BA circulation.
Association between alcohol dietary pattern and prevalence of dyslipidaemia: WASEDA’S Health Study
Authors: Tanisawa Kumpei , Ito Tomoko , Kawakami Ryoko , Usui Chiyoko , Kawamura Takuji , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Sakamoto Shizuo , Ishii Kaori , Muraoka Isao , Oka Koichiro , Higuchi Mitsuru 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe association between a dietary pattern characterised by high alcohol intake and dyslipidaemia has not been fully investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the association between alcohol dietary patterns and the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and its components. This cross-sectional study enrolled 2171 men and women aged ≥40 years who were alumni of a Japanese university. To identify dietary patterns, a principal component analysis was performed based on the energy-adjusted food intake estimated by a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Three dietary patterns were identified, the second of which was named the alcohol dietary pattern and was characterised by a high intake of alcoholic beverages, liver, chicken and fish. This alcohol dietary pattern was associated with reduced LDL-cholesterol levels. The fully adjusted OR (95 % CI) of high LDL-cholesterol for the lowest through highest quartile of alcohol dietary pattern score were 1·00 (reference), 0·83 (0·64, 1·08), 0·84 (0·64, 1·10) and 0·68 (0·49, 0·94), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the alcohol dietary pattern was inversely associated with the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in women, whereas it was positively associated with high TAG levels in men. In conclusion, the alcohol dietary pattern, characterised by a high intake of alcoholic beverages, liver, chicken and fish, was associated with the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and its components. This finding provides useful information for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidaemia by modifying the diet.
Revisiting White Labourism: New Debates on Working-Class Whiteness in Twentieth-Century Southern Africa
Authors: Money Duncan , van Zyl-Hermann Danelle 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article is a contribution to and reassessment of the debate about the concept of ‘white labourism’ hosted in this journal in 2010. White labourism is a concept formulated by Jonathan Hyslop to describe an ideology combining an anti-capitalist critique with racial segregation that he argued was dominant in a transnational white working class in the British Empire in the early twentieth century. The debate about this concept has focused on the appeal and extent of this ideology in South Africa during the early twentieth century. In light of recent scholarship on Southern Africa, we take a longer-term perspective to critically examine the concept and the debate. Specifically, we make three interventions into this debate: we consider the role of white workers outside British imperial networks; we examine how radical and revolutionary ideas disappeared from white-working class politics in the mid-twentieth century; and we reassess the connection between transnational flows of people and ideas. Racial divisions in the working class and labour movement in Southern Africa were persistent and enduring. We argue that racial segregation had an enduring appeal to white workers in Southern Africa, and the sources of this appeal were more varied and locally rooted than simply transnational migration to the region.
A Chi-Rho Graffito from Brandon House, Southwark
Authors: Hudak Eniko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExcavations at Brandon House, Southwark, uncovered a fragment of Roman pottery with a graffito identified as the Chi-Rho symbol, only the second example to be found in London. This note describes the find itself and its context, presents an overview of similar finds from Roman Britain and offers a glimpse into the significance of the sherd as evidence for Christianity in Roman Britain and its place in the dynamic religious landscape of Roman Southwark.
Maiestas Serena:Roman Court Cameos and Early Imperial Poetry and Panegyric
Authors: Smith R. R. R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article offers an account of Roman imperial cameos as an archaeological category, and argues that the production of large high-quality cameos was more restricted in time than currently allowed; that the controversial dates and subjects of individual cameos need to be set in the wider sequence of the main examples; and that early imperial praise poetry sits in relationship to court cameos in a way that can be usefully investigated around their shared concern to understand the particular character of imperial divinity. An Appendix gives details of forty-one examples illustrated and discussed.
The gendered experience of social resources in the transition to late-life widowhood
Authors: Isherwood Linda 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSocial resources – close relationships, support exchange and social engagement – can play an important role in successful adjustment to widowhood in later life. However, it is not clear whether access to, and the utilisation of, social resources are different for men and women during late-life widowhood. This study provides a qualitative exploration of the experience of social resources in the lives of older widowed men and women across the transition to widowhood (from pre-widowhood to later widowhood). Using a life course theory lens, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 men and women who had been widowed in later life. The interview data were analysed using the framework approach. Four phases in the transition to widowhood were identified: ‘Illness and caring’, ‘Relocation and separation’, ‘Early bereavement’ and ‘Life goes on’. Widowhood brings great change to the accessibility and utilisation of social resources, and each of these transitional phases was associated with differential usage of these resources. Gender differences were observed in the availability of social resources across the transition to widowhood, with widowed men typically found to have smaller friendship networks, receive less support and be at increased risk of social isolation. Particular attention is required to ensure that all older widowed men and women have access to sufficient social support and contact following bereavement.
SHIFTING SOCIAL RELATIONS DURING THE TERMINAL CLASSIC PERIOD (ca. a.d. 810–950/1000): CERAMICS FROM THE LOWLAND MAYA SITE OF UCANAL
Authors: LeMoine Jean-Baptiste , Halperin Christina T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe end of the Classic period was a tumultuous moment in Maya history, not only because the power of many dominant political centers waned, but because the ways in which elites and non-elites related to each other were increasingly called into question. To understand the nature of changing social relations in the southern Maya lowlands during this time, this study examines the distribution and provenance of decorated ceramics during the Late Classic (ca. a.d. 600–810) and Terminal Classic (ca. a.d. 810–950/1000) periods from the archaeological site of Ucanal, Peten, Guatemala. Comparisons of ceramics from different households across the site reveal that differences in access to decorated and imported ceramics decreased between these periods, suggesting that socioeconomic distinctions leveled out over time. In turn, chemical analysis of ceramics using a portable X-ray fluorescence instrument reveals that the site shifted its political-economic networks, with greater ties to the Petexbatun and Usumacinta regions and continued ties with the Upper Belize Valley.
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Spiritual Needs Assessment Scale of Patients with Cancer
Authors: Erci Behice , Aslan Hakime 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis research was conducted to determine the psychometric characteristics of the “Spiritual Needs Assessment Scale of Patients with Cancer” in Turkish patients with cancer.MethodsThis study used psychometric methods to test the adapted tool. The participants of this study were patients with a diagnosis of cancer in the outpatients and inpatients medical oncology and hematology clinics of a university hospital in Turkey. 400 patients determined by power analysis were included in the study. The data were collected in 2018. We used the descriptive form and “Spiritual Needs Assessment Scale of Patients with Cancer.” The obtained data were evaluated using Cronbach'sαreliability coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and factor analysis.ResultsIn the present study, the factor loads of the items were sufficient and explained 39.18% of the total variance. Cronbach'sαvalue of the scale was 0.85.Significance of resultsAs a result, it was found that the validity and reliability of the “Spiritual Needs Assessment Scale of Patients with Cancer” were ensured and they could be used in Turkish patients.
Analysis of 3D Kinetic Simulations of Meteor Trails
Authors: Tarnecki Liane , Oppenheim Meers 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRadars detect plasma trails created by the billions of small meteoroids that enter the Earth's atmosphere daily, returning data used to infer characteristics of the meteoroid population and upper atmosphere. Researchers use models to investigate the dynamic evolution of the trails, enabling them to better interpret radar results. This study presents a fully kinetic, three‐dimensional code to explore the effects of three trail characteristics: length, neutral wind speed, and ablation altitude. The simulations characterize the turbulence that develops as the trail evolves and these are compared to radar data. They also show that neutral winds drive the formation of waves and turbulence in trails, and that wave amplitudes increase with neutral wind speed. The finite trail simulations demonstrate that the bulk motion of the trail flows with the neutral wind. A detailed analysis of simulated trail spectra yield spectral widths and evaluate signal strength as a function of aspect angle. Waves propagate primarily along the length of the trail in all cases, and most power is in modes perpendicular to . Persistent waves develop at wavelengths corresponding to the gradient scale length of the original trail. Our results show that the rate at which power drops with respect to aspect angle in meter‐scale modes increases from 5.7 to 6.9 dB/degree with a 15 km increase in altitude. The results will allow researchers to draw more detailed and accurate information from non‐specular radar observations of meteors.
Combined Optical and Radio‐Frequency Measurements of a Lightning Megaflash by the FORTE Satellite
Authors: Peterson Michael , Light Tracy E. L. , Shao Xuan‐Min 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe optical and VHF instrumentation on the fast on‐orbit recording of transient events (FORTE) satellite is used to document the combined phenomenology evolution of a lightning “megaflash”—Mesoscale lightning that propagates laterally over exceptional distances. We identify a FORTE flash whose maximum extent was 82 km and inferred length over multiple distinct branches exceeded 100 km. This flash lasted 1.2 s and produced 250 optical and 591 radio frequency events. We find that the channel development mapped by FORTE's pixelated lightning imager (LLS) occurred at a typical speed of 2.6 × 105 m s−1 and was accompanied by sustained periods of VHF emission that could individually exceed 100 ms in duration. The impulsive IC events generated by the flash indicate that this development occurred at altitudes between 3 and 8 km. Four +CG strokes were identified in the VHF waveform data that are responsible for two of the three highly radiant LLS groups (two of the +CGs were not as optically bright as the others). These strokes occurred at different locations throughout the flash footprint with the most distant strokes separated by approximately 50 km. These space‐based observations match previous observations of megaflashes as well as ground‐based measurements of negative leader development during “spider” lightning, suggesting that FORTE is sensing the same phenomena.