bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel method for the noninvasive estimation of cardiac output with brachial oscillometric blood pressure measurements through an assessment of arterial compliance
Authors: Álvarez-Montoya Diego , Madrid-Muñoz Camilo , Escobar-Robledo Luis , Gallo-Villegas Jaime , Aristizábal-Ocampo Dagnovar 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo propose and validate a new method for estimating cardiac output based on the total arterial compliance (Ct) formula that does not need an arterial waveform and to apply it to brachial oscillometric blood pressure measurements (OBPMs).MethodsOne hundred subjects with normal heart anatomy and function were included. Reference values for cardiac output were measured with echocardiography, and Ctwas calculated with a two-element Windkessel model. Then, a statistical model of arterial compliance (Ce) was used to estimate cardiac output. Finally, the measured and estimated cardiac output values were compared for accuracy and reproducibility.ResultsThe model was derived from the data of 70 subjects and prospectively tested with the data from the remaining 30 individuals. The mean age of the whole group was 43.4 ± 12.8 years, with 46% women. The average blood pressure (BP) was 107.1/65.0 ± 15.0/9.6 mmHg and the average heart rate was 67.7 ± 11.4 beats/min. The average Ctwas 1.39 ± 0.27 mL/mmHg and the average cardiac output was 5.5 ± 1.0 L/min. The mean difference in the cardiac output estimated by the proposed methodology vs. that measured by Doppler echocardiography was 0.022 L/min with an SD of 0.626 L/min. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.93, and the percentage error was 19%.ConclusionCardiac output could be reliably and noninvasively obtained with brachial OBPMs through a novel method for estimating Ctwithout the need for an arterial waveform. The new method could identify hemodynamic factors that explain BP values in an ambulatory care setting.
Incident hyperuricemia in relation to antihypertensive therapy with the irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination
Authors: Zhang Di , Huang Qi-Fang , Li Yan , Wang Ji-Guang 
Published: June 2021

Objective
We investigated serum uric acid changes and incident hyperuricemia in relation to the achieved blood pressure (BP) after 12 weeks of antihypertensive therapy with the irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination.

Methods
The study participants were 449 patients who completed the study. Analysis of covariance and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the least square mean changes (± standard error) from baseline in serum uric acid and odds ratios (ORs) for incident hyperuricemia according to the achieved levels of BP.

Results
Adjusted analyses showed that serum uric acid changes differed according to the achieved SBP/DBP (P = 0.002), with a smaller mean (± standard error) increase in the range of 130–139/<90 mm Hg (n = 132, 19.8 ± 5.7 µmol/L) than that of ≥140/90 (n = 129, 32.4 ± 7.3 µmol/L) or <130/90 mm Hg (n = 188, 39.5 ± 5.1 µmol/L). Adjusted analyses showed similar results for the incident hyperuricemia (n = 95, 24.0%) in those patients with normal serum uric acid at baseline (n = 396). The risk of incident hyperuricemia was lower (OR, 0.45; 95% confidence interval 0.25–0.83; P = 0.04) in patients with an achieved SBP/DBP of 130–139/<90 mm Hg (n = 117, incidence rate, 17.1%) than those with an achieved SBP/DBP of ≥140/90 (n = 118, 31.4%) or <130/90 mm Hg (n = 161, 23.6%).

Conclusions
Thiazide-induced changes in serum uric acid or incident hyperuricemia were associated with the achieved SBP/DBP, being lower at the level of 130–139/<90 mm Hg.
Fractionally integrated Bessel process
Authors: Shevchenko Georgiy , Zatula Dmytro 
Published: June 2021

We consider a fractionally integrated Bessel process defined by

Y
s

δ
,
H

=

∫
0
∞

(

u

H
−
(

1

/

2

)

−

(
u
−
s
)

+

H
−
(

1

/

2

)

)

d

X
u
δ

, where

X
δ

is the Bessel process of dimension
δ
> 2. We discuss the relation of this process to the fractional Brownian motion at its maximum, study the basic properties of the process and prove its Hölder continuity.
Patient Outcomes and Lessons-Learned from Treating Patients with Severe COVID-19 at a Long-Term Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Grevelding Pete , Hrdlicka Henry C. , Holland Stephen , Cullen Lorraine , Meyer Amanda , Connors Catherine , Cooper Darielle , Greco Allison 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo describe characteristics, clinical management, and patient outcomes during and after acute COVID-19 phase in a long-term acute care hospital in the Northeastern United States.MethodsA single-center retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of patients treated for COVID-19-related impairments, from March 19, 2020 through August 14, 2020, was conducted to evaluate patient outcomes in response to the facility’s holistic treatment approach.Results118 admissions were discharged by the data cut-off. Mean patient age was 63 years, 64.1% were male, and 29.9% of patients tested-positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection at admission. The mean (SD) length-of-stay at was 25.5 (13.0) days and there was a positive correlation between patient age and length-of-stay. Of the 51 patients non-ambulatory at admission, 83.3% were ambulatory at discharge. Gait increased 217.4 feet from admission to discharge, a greater increase than the reference cohort of 146.3 feet. 93.8% (15/16) of patients mechanically ventilated at admission were weaned before discharge (mean 11.3 days). 74.7% (56/75) of patients admitted with a restricted diet were discharged on a regular diet.ConclusionThe majority of patients treated at a long-term acute care hospital for severe COVID-19 and related complications improved significantly through coordinated care and rehabilitation.
SIGMA METRICS ASSESSMENT AS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT METHODOLOGY IN A CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
Authors: Garg Monika , Sharma Neera , Das Saswati 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe concept of sigma metrics & lean six sigma is well known in the field of healthcare. However not many labs utilize the six sigma metrics for maintenance of high quality laboratory performance. A minimum value of 3 σ is desired in any clinical laboratory & values of σ≥ 6 are regarded as gold standard for obtaining high quality lab reports.Aims &ObjectivesTo calculate bias, cv & sigma metrics from the IQC & EQC data in order to ascertain extent of quality management in our lab.Materials &MethodsAn extensive study of sample processing and quality practices was carried out in the Central Laboratory of Department of Biochemistry; PGIMER &Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi; from Feb 2020 to July 2020. The IQC used(both level I & level II) were from Biorad Laboratories India (lyphochek assayed chemistry control) & the EQC used was from Randox Laboratories, UK. All the controls were run on Beckman Coulter clinical chemistry analyser AU 680. Total 14 clinical parameters were analysed & subsequently; Mean, S.D., CV, bias & σ were calculated through their respective formulas.ResultsSigma level was more than 6 for both levels of IQC was observed for Amylase. It indicates world class performance. Total bilirubin, AST, Triglyceride & HDL depicted σ values between 3.1 – 6 for both L1& L2.Iron showed σ value of 5.5 in L1whereas it was 3.78 in L2.ConclusionSigma metrics in clinical laboratory is an essential technique to ascertain poor assay performance, along with assessment of the efficiency of existing laboratory process.
A large disordered region confers a wide spanning volume to vertebrate Suppressor of Fused as shown in a trans-species solution study
Authors: Makamte Staëlle , Jabrani Amira , Paquelin Annick , Plessis Anne , Sanial Mathieu , Thureau Aurélien , Rudenko Olga , Oteri Francesco , Baaden Marc , Biou Valérie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibition by the conserved protein Suppressor of Fused (SuFu) is crucial to vertebrate development. By constrast, SuFu removal has little effect in drosophila.Previous publications showed that the crystal structures of human and drosophila SuFu consist of two ordered domains that are capable of breathing motions upon ligand binding. However, the crystal structure of human SuFu does not give information about 20 N-terminal residues (IDR1) and an eighty-residue-long disordered region (IDR2) in the C-terminus, whose function is important for the pathway repression. These two IDRs are species-dependent.We studied SuFu’s structure in solution, both with circular dichroism and small angle X-ray scattering, comparing drosophila, zebrafish and human species, to better understand this considerable difference. Our studies show that, in spite of similar crystal structures restricted to ordered domains, drosophila and vertebrate SuFu have very different structures in solution. The IDR2 of vertebrates spans a large area, thus enabling it to reach for partners and be accessible for post-translational modifications. Furthermore, we show that the IDR2 region is highly conserved within phyla but varies in length and sequence, with insects having a shorter disordered region while that of vertebrates is broad and mobile. This major variation may explain the different phenotypes observed upon SuFu removal.
Willingness to Pay in the Human Brain: A fMRI Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-analysis
Authors: Yao Xiaoqiang , Huang Zhigang , Wang Yiwen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe neural substrate of willingness to pay (WTP) ultimately supports human economic exchange activities and plays a crucial role in daily life. This paper aimed to identify the neural basis of WTP for food and nonfood, as well as the brain regions related to real and hypothetical WTP choices. We found the human brain centers of WTP by performing an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis (27 experiments, 796 subjects) on the existing neuroimaging studies. The conjunction analysis revealed that WTP for food and nonfood engaged a common cluster in the paracingulate and cingulate gyrus, revealing a common reward circuit in the brain. The frontal medial cortex and paracingulate gyrus were particularly activated by WTP for nonfood. Furthermore, the left caudate, left thalamus, angular gyrus and supramarginal gyrus (subregions of inferior parietal lobule) were more convergently activated by hypothetical WTP choice. Our findings support the idea that a common currency representation in the brain and reward-specific neural basis. Results also provide evidence of neural representations of the hypothetical bias.
Deep learning-based segmentation and quantification of podocyte foot process morphology
Authors: Butt Linus , Unnersjö-Jess David , Höhne Martin , Sergei German , Witasp Anna , Wernerson Annika , Patrakka Jaakko , Hoyer Peter F. , Blom Hans , Schermer Bernhard , Bozek Katarzyna , Benzing Thomas 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThe kidneys constantly filter enormous amounts of fluid, with almost complete retention of albumin and other macromolecules in the plasma. Diseases of podocytes at the kidney filtration barrier reduce the intrinsic permeability of the capillary wall resulting in albuminuria. However, direct quantitative assessment of the underlying morphological changes has previously not been possible. Here we developed a deep learning-based approach for segmentation of foot processes in images acquired with optical microscopy. Our method – Automatic Morphological Analysis of Podocytes (AMAP) – accurately segments foot processes and robustly quantifies their morphology. It also robustly determined morphometric parameters, at a Pearson correlation of r > 0.71 with a previously published semi-automated approach, across a large set of mouse tissue samples. The artificial intelligence algorithm wasWe applied the analysis to a set of human kidney disease conditions allowing comprehensive quantification of various underlying morphometric parameters. These results confirmed that when podocytes are injured, they take on a more simplified architecture and the slit diaphragm length is significantly shortened, resulting in a reduction in the filtration slit area and a loss of the buttress force of podocytes which increases the permeability of the glomerular basement membrane to albumin.
Pharmacological inhibition of the VCP/proteasome axis rescues photoreceptor degeneration in RHOP23H rat retinal explants
Authors: Sen Merve , Kutsyr Oksana , Cao Bowen , Bolz Sylvia , Arango-Gonzalez Blanca , Ueffing Marius 
Published: June 2021

1.AbstractRhodopsin (RHO) misfolding mutations are a common cause of the blinding disease autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). The most prevalent mutation, RHOP23H, results in its misfolding and retention in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). Under homeostatic conditions, misfolded proteins are selectively identified, retained at the ER, and cleared via ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and/or autophagy. Overload of these degradation processes for a prolonged period leads to imbalanced proteostasis and may eventually result in cell death. ERAD of misfolded proteins like RHOP23H includes the subsequent steps of protein recognition, targeting for ERAD, retrotranslocation, and proteasomal degradation. In the present study, we investigated and compared pharmacological modulation of ERAD at these four different major steps. We show that inhibition of the VCP/proteasome activity favors cell survival and suppresses P23H-mediated retinal degeneration in RHOP23H rat retinal explants. We suggest targeting this activity as a therapeutic approach for patients with currently untreatable adRP.
Surprise-induced enhancements in the associability of Pavlovian cues facilitate learning across behavior systems
Authors: Márquez Inmaculada , Loewinger Gabriel , Vargas Juan Pedro , López Juan Carlos , Díaz Estrella , Esber Guillem R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSurprising violations of outcome expectancies have long been known to enhance the associability of Pavlovian cues; that is, the rate at which the cue enters into further associations. The adaptive value of such enhancements resides in promoting new learning in the face of uncertainty. However, it is unclear whether associability enhancements reflect increased associative plasticity within a particular behavior system, or whether they can facilitate learning between a cue and any arbitrary outcome, as suggested by attentional models of conditioning. Here, we show evidence consistent with the latter hypothesis. Violating the outcome expectancies generated by a cue in an appetitive setting (feeding behavior system) facilitated subsequent learning about the cue in an aversive setting (defense behavior system). In addition to shedding light on the nature of associability enhancements, our findings offer the neuroscientist a behavioral tool to dissociate their neural substrates from those of other, behavior system- or valence-specific changes. Moreover, our results present an opportunity to utilize associability enhancements to the advantage of counterconditioning procedures in therapeutic contexts.
Dynamic autonomic nervous system patterns differentiate human emotions and manifest in resting physiology
Authors: Pasquini Lorenzo , Noohi Fatemeh , Veziris Christina R. , Kosik Eena L. , Holley Sarah R. , Lee Alex , Brown Jesse A. , Roy Ashlin R. K. , Chow Tiffany E. , Allen Isabel , Rosen Howard J. , Kramer Joel H. , Miller Bruce L. , Saggar Manish , Seeley William W. , Sturm Virginia E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhether activity in the autonomic nervous system differs during distinct emotions remains controversial. We obtained continuous multichannel recordings of autonomic nervous system activity in healthy adults during a video-based emotional reactivity task. Dimensionality reduction revealed five principal components in the autonomic time series data, and these modes of covariation differentiated periods of baseline from those of video-viewing. Unsupervised clustering of the principal component time series data uncovered separable autonomic states that distinguished among the five emotion-inducing trials. These autonomic states were also detected in baseline physiology but were intermittent and of smaller magnitude. Our results suggest the autonomic nervous system assembles dynamic activity patterns during emotions that are similar across people and are present even during undirected moments of rest.One Sentence SummaryDynamic autonomic patterns distinguish among emotions and are evident in resting physiology.
Discovery and mechanism of action of small molecule inhibitors of ceramidases
Authors: Healey Robert D. , Saied Essa M. , Cong Xiaojing , Karsai Gergely , Gabellier Ludovic , Saint-Paul Julie , Nero Elise Del , Jeannot Sylvain , Drapeau Marion , Fontanel Simon , Maurel Damien , Basu Shibom , Leyrat Cedric , Bossis Guillaume , Bechara Cherine , Hornemann Thorsten , Arenz Christoph , Granier Sebastien 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSphingolipid metabolism is tightly controlled by enzymes to regulate essential processes such as energy utilisation and cell proliferation. The central metabolite is ceramide, a pro-apoptotic lipid catabolized by ceramidase enzymes to ultimately produce pro-proliferative sphingosine-1-phosphate. Human ceramidases can be soluble proteins (acid and neutral ceramidase) or integral membrane proteins (alkaline ceramidases). Increasing ceramide levels to increase apoptosis has shown efficacy as a cancer treatment using small molecules inhibiting a soluble ceramidase. Due to the transmembrane nature of alkaline ceramidases, no specific small molecule inhibitors have been reported. Here, we report novel fluorescent substrates (FRETceramides) of ceramidases that can be used to monitor enzyme activity in real-time. We use FRETceramides to discover the first drug-like inhibitors of alkaline ceramidase 3 (ACER3) which are active in cell-based assays. Biophysical characterization of enzyme:inhibitor interactions reveal a new paradigm for inhibition of lipid metabolising enzymes with non-lipidic small molecules.Table of contents summaryUse of synthetic fluorescent ceramide molecules allows the discovery of the first selective drug-like small molecule inhibitors for alkaline ceramidase 3, an intra-membrane enzyme involved in sphingolipid metabolism in health and disease.
Profiling referrals to a trauma support service: needs and outcomes for staff working in a secure adult developmental disorder pathway
Authors: Webb Elanor Lucy , Greenwood Annette , Hamer Abbey , Sibley Vicky 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Forensic health-care workers are frequently exposed to behaviours that challenge and traumatic material, with notably high levels in developmental disorder (DD) services. The provision of support is key in alleviating distress and improving work functioning. This paper aims to incite clarity on whether staff in DD services are more likely to access trauma support. The prevailing needs and outcomes for this population are also explored.

Design/methodology/approach
Data was extracted retrospectively from a database held by an internal trauma support service (TSS) for staff working in a secure psychiatric hospital. Overall, 278 permanent clinical staff accessed the TSS between 2018 and 2020, 102 (36.7%) of whom worked in an adult DD forensic inpatient service.

Findings
Staff working in DD services were over-represented in referrals to the TSS with a greater number of referrals per bed in DD services than in non-DD services (0.94 vs 0.33). DD staff were comparatively more likely to access support for non-physical, psychologically traumatic experiences. Psychological needs and outcomes following support were comparable between staff across services.

Practical implications
The findings highlight the more frequent need for trauma support of staff in forensic inpatient DD settings. Embedding a culture of safety and openness, and establishing appropriate and responsive models of staff support reflect key priorities for inpatient DD health-care providers, for the universal benefit of the organisation, workforce and service users.

Originality/value
This study offers novel insight into levels of access to support for staff working with people with DDs.
A high-power PCCM LED driver based on GaN eHEMT with hybrid dimming modes
Authors: Lin Xixian , Zhang Yuming , Zhang Yimeng , Rong Guangjian 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to design a more flexible and larger range of the dimming circuit that achieves the independence of multiple LED strings drive and can time-multiplex the power circuit.

Design/methodology/approach
The state-space method is used to model the BUCK circuit working in Pseudo continuous conduction mode, analyze the frequency characteristics of the system transfer function and design the compensation network. Build a simulation platform on the Orcad PSPICE platform and verify the function of the designed circuit through the simulation results. Use Altium Designer 16 to draw the printed circuit board, complete the welding of various components and use the oscilloscope, direct current (DC) power supply and a signal generator to verify the circuit function.

Findings
A prototype of the proposed LED driver is fabricated and tested. The measurement results show that the switching frequency can be increased to 1 MHz, Power inductance is 2.2 µH, which is smaller than current research. The dimming ratio can be set from 10% to 100%. The proposed LED driver can output more than 48 W and achieve a peak conversion efficiency of 91%.

Originality/value
The proposed LED driver adopts pulse width modulation (PWM) dimming at a lower dimming ratio and adopts DC dimming at a larger dimming ratio to realize switching PWM dimming to analog dimming. The control strategy can be more precise and have a wide range of dimming.
Exploratory and exploitative innovation influenced by contextual leadership, environmental dynamism and innovation climate
Authors: Visser JD , Scheepers Caren Brenda 
Published: June 2021

PurposeOrganisations have to be ambidextrous to survive in modern times. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the influence of contextual leadership on exploratory and exploitative innovation. Environmental dynamism was the moderator in this relationship, and innovation climate was the mediator.Design/methodology/approachThe research design was a quantitative study, using a Web-based survey questionnaire, which consisted of valid and reliable scales. There were 1,204 respondents who completed the survey. Analyses included reliability, validity tests and structural equation modelling to test the hypothesised relationships among the variables.FindingsThe results show that exploitative and exploratory innovation is predicted by the innovation climate, which in turn is predicted by contextual leadership. The findings include a slight moderating effect of environmental dynamism on these relationships. The results suggest that contextual leadership is a significant predictor for improving innovation climate.Practical implicationsAs contextual leadership explains 33% of the variance in organisational climate, companies can benefit from developing their leaders to create climates that promote innovation. At increased levels of environmental dynamism, innovation efforts should increase.Originality/valueContextual leadership is a crucial element to build innovation-friendly workplaces. The study addresses the gap in research on the influence of contextual leadership on exploitative and exploratory innovation with the mediating and moderator effect on this relationship.