bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical outcomes for late neurological deficits after long segment instrumentation for degenerative adult spinal deformity
Authors: Ha Kee-Yong , Kim Eung-Ha , Kim Young-Hoon , Jang Hae-Dong , Park Hyung-Youl , Cho Chang-Hee , Cho Ryu-Kyoung , Kim Sang-Il 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
The most catastrophic symptom of proximal junctional failure (PJF) following long instrumented fusion surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) is neurological deficits. Although previous reports have shown that PJF usually developed during the early postoperative period, some patients showed late neurological deficits. The aim of this study was to report the incidence, characteristics, and surgical outcomes of PJF with late neurological deficits.

METHODS
Patients surgically treated for ASD at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, the patients requiring revision surgery for newly developed neurological deficits at least 6 months after the initial surgery were included. Patient demographic, radiographic, surgical, and clinical data were investigated. Neurological status was assessed using the Frankel grading system.

RESULTS
PJF with late neurological deficits developed in 18 of 385 patients (4.7%). The mean age at the onset of neurological deficits was 72.0 ± 6.0 years, and the median time from the initial surgery was 4.5 years. The most common pathology of PJF was adjacent disc degeneration and subsequent canal stenosis (11 patients). Five patients showed disc degeneration with aseptic bone destruction. Fractures at the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV), UIV + 1, and UIV + 2 occurred in 2, 3, and 2 patients, respectively. Ossification of the yellow ligament, which had not been found at the first surgery, was identified in 6 patients. Eight patients showed improvement of their neurological deficits and 10 patients showed no improvement by the final follow-up. Perioperative major complications occurred in 8 of 18 patients.

CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of PJF with late neurological deficits following ASD surgery was 4.7% in this cohort. The patients showed several morphological features. After revision surgery, perioperative complications were common and the prognosis for improved neurological status was not favorable.
Fourth ventricle roof angle as a measure of fourth ventricle bowing and a radiographic predictor of brainstem dysfunction in Chiari malformation type I
Authors: Seaman Scott C. , Li Luyuan , Menezes Arnold H. , Dlouhy Brian J. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is a congenital and developmental abnormality that results in tonsillar descent 5 mm below the foramen magnum. However, this cutoff value has poor specificity as a predictor of clinical severity. Therefore, the authors sought to identify a novel radiographic marker predictive of clinical severity to assist in the management of patients with CM-I.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed 102 symptomatic CM-I (sCM-I) patients and compared them to 60 age-matched normal healthy controls and 30 asymptomatic CM-I (aCM-I) patients. The authors used the fourth ventricle roof angle (FVRA) to identify fourth ventricle “bowing,” a configuration change suggestive of fourth ventricle outlet obstruction, and compared these results across all three cohorts. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify a predictive cutoff for brainstem dysfunction. Binary logistic regression was used to determine whether bowing of the fourth ventricle was more predictive of brainstem dysfunction than tonsillar descent, clival canal angle, or obex position in aCM-I and sCM-I patients.

RESULTS
The FVRA had excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation 0.930, 95% CI 0.905–0.949, Spearman r2 = 0.766, p < 0.0001). The FVRA was significantly greater in the sCM-I group than the aCM-I and healthy control groups (59.3° vs 41.8° vs 45.2°, p < 0.0001). No difference was observed between aCM-I patients and healthy controls (p = 0.347). ROC analysis indicated that an FVRA of 65° had a specificity of 93% and a sensitivity of 50%, with a positive predictive value of 76% for brainstem dysfunction. FVRA > 65° was more predictive of brainstem dysfunction (OR 5.058, 95% CI 1.845–13.865, p = 0.002) than tonsillar herniation > 10 mm (OR 2.564, 95% CI 1.050–6.258, p = 0.039), although increasing age was also associated with brainstem dysfunction (OR 1.045, 95% CI 1.011–1.080, p = 0.009). A clival canal angle < 140° (p = 0.793) and obex below the foramen magnum (p = 0.563) had no association with brainstem dysfunction.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors identified a novel radiographic measure, the FVRA, that can be used to assess fourth ventricular bowing in CM-I and is more predictive of brainstem dysfunction than tonsillar herniation. The FVRA is easy to measure, has excellent interrater variability, and can be a reliable universal radiographic measure. The FVRA will be useful in further describing CM-I radiographically and clinically by identifying patients more likely to be symptomatic as a result of brainstem dysfunction.
Normal childhood brain growth and a universal sex and anthropomorphic relationship to cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Peterson Mallory R. , Cherukuri Venkateswararao , Paulson Joseph N. , Ssentongo Paddy , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Warf Benjamin C. , Monga Vishal , Schiff Steven J. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE
The study of brain size and growth has a long and contentious history, yet normal brain volume development has yet to be fully described. In particular, the normal brain growth and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation relationship is critical to characterize because it is impacted in numerous conditions of early childhood in which brain growth and fluid accumulation are affected, such as infection, hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, and a broad range of congenital disorders. The authors of this study aim to describe normal brain volume growth, particularly in the setting of CSF accumulation.

METHODS
The authors analyzed 1067 magnetic resonance imaging scans from 505 healthy pediatric subjects from birth to age 18 years to quantify component and regional brain volumes. The volume trajectories were compared between the sexes and hemispheres using smoothing spline ANOVA. Population growth curves were developed using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape.

RESULTS
Brain volume peaked at 10–12 years of age. Males exhibited larger age-adjusted total brain volumes than females, and body size normalization procedures did not eliminate this difference. The ratio of brain to CSF volume, however, revealed a universal age-dependent relationship independent of sex or body size.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings enable the application of normative growth curves in managing a broad range of childhood diseases in which cognitive development, brain growth, and fluid accumulation are interrelated.
Influence of rigidity of a flange ridge knot of a double hinged arch on the redistribution of efforts in its elements
Authors: Romanіuk Volodymyr , Suprunіuk Volodymyr 
Published: July 2021

The theoretical determination of the actual stiffness of the ridge knot of a steel perforated arch was carried out using the initial parameter method, which made it possible to calculate the stress in the upper reference section of the structure belt. The application of the proposed calculation method makes it possible to determine the rigidity of the bolted flange connection, taking into account its actual operation, and to change it by changing the geometrical parameters of the nodal details, that is, the diameter of the bolts or the thickness of the flanges.It is marked that in the calculation of building constructions an important value has exact determination of boundary conditions of connection of nodal elements, that substantially influences on the redistribution of efforts in the separate elements of constructions on their length and rigidity of knots. Especially it touches of flange bolted joints. Current design rules use idealized schemes of nodal joints, which, according to numerical researches, do not fully correspond to the actual operating conditions of nodal joints and constructions on the whole.
For realization of aim of researches, that is, theoretical determination of rigidity of ridge knot of the steel preliminary tense perforated arch, the method of initial parameters is used, which allowed to define theoretical tensions in the supporting cut of fastening upper belt to the ridge knot of arch.
Divergence in the values of actual tensions in the cuts of beam and theoretical, calculated according to the current design rules, is explained by the flexibility of the flanged bolted joints, that due to the actions in the knot of bending moment opens up, although in theoretical calculations this joint is accepted by absolutely rigid. Rigidity depends on the thickness of flanges, diameter of bolts, the distances between them, the values of the previous tension of the bolts and external loading.
The conclusion is set forth, that the application of the offered methodology of calculation allows to define the rigidity of the bolted flanged joint taking into account its actual work, and which, according to experimental researches and theoretical calculations, differs from the idealized calculation schemes. In addition the proposed methodology allows to change the rigidity of the bolted jont, changing the diameter of the bolts or the thickness of the flanges, and also to use the additional resource of material due to some reduction of the maximum tensions in weak cuts of elements.
Densidad de población de Meloidogyne graminicola en plantaciones comerciales de arroz y comportamiento de líneas avanzadas en la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador
Authors: Lombeida García Emma , Gómez Pando Luz , Reyes Borja Walter Oswaldo , Triviño Gilces Carmen , Hasang Moran Edwin , Duran Canare Perry Lorraine , Hufana Duran Danilda 
Published: July 2021

En este estudio se determinaron las poblaciones de M. graminicola en suelo y raíces obtenidas en plantaciones comerciales de arroz en las zonas de Babahoyo y Quevedo del Ecuador. Para estudiar la tolerancia y/o resistencia al nematodo M. graminicola, se utilizaron un total de 50 líneas avanzadas F5 de arroz, de las cuales 35 son derivadas de cruces interespecíficos de Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica x Oryza rufipogon G. (PUYÓN) y 15 líneas provenientes de cruces intraespecíficos de líneas de Oryza sativa L. ssp. japónica, incluyéndose también una variedad comercial de arroz, la INIAP 15, susceptible al ataque de M. graminicola, utilizada como control. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias (FACIAG) de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo en Ecuador. Las evaluaciones de densidades poblacionales de M. graminicola conducidas en raíces y suelo, se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Fitopatología de la FACIAG. En base a los resultados obtenidos, se encontraron diferencias significativas en la respuesta entre las 50 líneas avanzadas F5 de arroz y la variedad comercial INIAP 15 a M. graminicola. En las condiciones evaluadas, las líneas 32 (PUYÓN/JP002 P11 – 10 P74), 5 (PUYÓN/JP002 P8 – 20 P13), 31 (PUYÓN/JP002 P11 – 10 P22) y 2 (PUYÓN/JP002 P8 – 20 P14), presentaron una baja densidad poblacional de M. graminicola en 10 g raíces. Por otro lado, las líneas 24 (PUYÓN/JP002-P8-28 P28), 28 (PUYÓN/JP002-P8-32 P33) y 30 (PUYÓN/JP002-P8-28 P28-11), presentaron una baja densidad poblacional de M. graminicola en 100 cm3 de suelo. En cuanto al índice de reproducción, el mayor número de veces que se multiplicó el nematodo fue 25 veces en la línea 7 (PUYÓN/JP002 P8 –28 P8-5) y el menor 2 veces en la línea 32 (PUYÓN/JP002 P11 – 10 P22).
ASSOCIATION OF SLEEP TIME WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AND IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
Authors: Choudhary Aja Ram , Sunda Priyanka , Agrawal R P , Meena B L , Meel J K , Vyas Swati , Yadav Pooja 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: In the present study, we was examined the relation of self-reported usual sleep time to prevalence DM and IGT in a large hospital based sample of middle-aged and older adults.
Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 625 patients between age group 18-60 yrs and both sex. Usual sleep time was obtained by standardized questionnaire. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a serum glucose level of 126 mg/dL or more fasting or 200 mg/dL or more 2 hours following standard oral glucose challenge or medication use for DM. Impaired glucose tolerance was defined as a 2-hour post challenge glucose level of 140 mg/dL or more and less than 200 mg/dL. The relation of sleep time to DM and IGT was examined using categorical logistic regression.
Results: 49.28% subjects sugar level was more than 200 mg/dl and 13.72% subjects sugar level less than 140 mg/dl. The association between sleeping time and blood sugar level was found statistically significant. The association between Sleeping time and blood sugar level was found statistically significant
Conclusion: A sleep duration of 6 hours or less or 9 hours or more is associated with increased prevalence of DM and IGT. Because this effect was present in subjects without insomnia, voluntary sleep restriction may contribute to the large public health burden of DM.
Keywords: DM, IGT, Hb1Ac
UJI DAYA HAMBAT MINYAK SAWIT (CPO), BAWANG PUTIH, DAN KUNYIT TERHADAP BEBERAPA JENIS BAKTERI Vibrio sp.
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Afandi Alfa Astiana , Suarni Suarni 
Published: July 2021

Pathogenic bacteria infection does not only occur in ponds but also occur in shrimp seed rearing ponds. shrimp farmers have already known the term firefly disease caused by infection of Vibrio harveyi bacterium. Prevention of the growth of Vibrio sp. in water is important to avoid acute and chronic disease in shrimp. Population control of Vibrio sp. in water can be done by using natural antibiotics derived from plants (herbs). There are many types of plants that contain antibacterial compounds or substances and have been widely used by humans. the plants that could be antibiotics are CPO, garlic and turmeric. Based on the results obtained from this study, it indicates that garlic can inhibit the growth of V. harveyi, V. parahaemolitycus, and V. alginolitycus bacteria. The use of garlic in the vanname shrimp seeds can result in the death of the shrimp. CPO and turmeric cannot be used as antibiotics against V. harveyi, V. parahaemolitycus, and V. alginolitycus bacteria.
Composite Shaftless Roller Design for Conveyor System
Authors: Wheatley Greg , Zaeimi Mohammad 
Published: July 2021

Improving the performance of idlers is paramount to the performance of the conveyor system in various industries since belt conveyors can be many kilometers in length and consequently there are a huge number of rollers in use. The key intention of this work is the development of a light-weight composite idler roller. Critical design considerations are strength-to-weight ratio and performance. Most importantly, the design must reduce the weight of the roller as compared to standard steel rollers. The final design provides a significant reduction in weight of about 47 % over that of traditional steel rollers of a similar size.
Clinical Profile of Leprosy Patients in DMCH
Authors: Khatun Masuda , Sayed MM Abu , Sultana Tahmina 
Published: July 2021

Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, primarily affecting the skin and peripheral nerves. To find out the clinical profile of leprosy patients the cross sectional observational type of study was carried out in outpatient Dept of Dermatology and Venereology at DMCH, Dhaka. Total 30 cases were included in this study. The mean age was found 28.7±11.3 years. Male were 21(70.0%) and female were 9(30.0%). It was observed that 10(33.3%) patients were diagnosed as having borderline tuberculoid, 5(16.7%) as tuberculoid, 1(3.3%) as borderline, 6(20.0%) as borderline lepromatous and 8(26.7%) as lepromatous. Eighteen (60.0%) patients had mutibacillary and 12(40.0%) had paucibacillary. 28(93.3%) patients had hypopigmented, 27(90.0%) had marked anaesthesia, 26(86.7%) had macule & patch, 18(60.0%) had obvious margin and 9(30.0%) had plaque. Majority patients had symptoms during 6 months to 1 year. Common clinical manifestations of leprosy were obvious margin, hypopigmented, marked anaesthesia, macule and ear lobe enlargement.
CBMJ 2017 January: Vol. 06 No. 01 P: 03-07
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Oral zinc Sulphate Versus Cryotherapy in the Treatment of Viral Warts
Authors: Begum Sharmin , Wahab Md Abdul , Karim Md Nazmul , Khondker Lubna 
Published: July 2021

Viral warts are a common problem in dermatology. Viral warts have a considerable negative effect on a patient's quality of life; although the rate of spontaneous recovery is high, it usually takes a long time and some patients might not show this spontaneous healing. A clinical trial was carried out to evaluate and compare the efficacy of oral zinc sulphate and cryotherapy in patients with viral warts. The study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh for duration of July 2015 to December 2015. Total sixty patients were enrolled and divided into group A and group B. Thirty of group A patients was treated by cryotherapy and thirty of group B patients was treated by oral zinc sulphate. Improvement rate was highest for the lesions on the finger, which is 18 (34.6%) and lowest for scalp 03 (5.8%). Improvement rate for palm 17 (32.7%); for foot 10 (19.2%) and toe 04 (7.7%). Out of all respondents from Group-A, the mean size of the lesions were 8.17mm, 5.90 mm, 4.32 mm and 3.57 mm at before treatment and 1st visit, 2nd visit and 3rd visit after treatment respectively. In Group-B, the mean size of the lesions were 7.50 mm, 4.92 mm, 3.00 mm, and 4.75 mm at before treatment and 1st visit, 2nd visit and 3rd visit after treatment respectively. Among the respondents of group-A & B, 27 (90%) and 25 (83.3%) were improved respectively. No statistical significant difference was observed between the two groups. Both cryotherapy and oral zinc sulphate when used individually were found to be equally effective in the treatment of viral warts but cryotherapy was found to be superior in efficacy.
CBMJ 2017 January: Vol. 06 No. 01 P: 17-23
Amulet & Health
Authors: Khan M Karim , Busreea Reeva Aireen , Noor Masumatun 
Published: July 2021

Amulet use is global but it is more prevalent in SEA. Use of amulet in Bangladesh is quite common as well. In case of children it is being used for protecting children from all types of diseases & from all danger. The study was done in Community Based Medical College Hospital Bangladesh Pediatric ward in the month of 5th January, 15 to 8th January 15. It was a cross sectional descriptive type of study. Study population 82 admitted children age between six months to sixty months, average ±18.37 months. Amulets were found in 29.26%, Male 62.50%, female 37.50%. Average cost involvement $1.5 for each amulet. Most of the respondent mother were literate but from low socioeconomic condition. Cause of using amulet mostly, to protect child from diseases & from all dangers according to respondent mother. Amulets were given by grand father or mother, Imam of mosque or by Kabiraj. In response to a question whether it is really protective to child or not, about 40% told that it is effective & the others were not sure or reluctant to pass any comment.
CBMJ 2017 July: Vol. 06 No. 02 P: 03-05
Heterotopic Pregnancy with Successful Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Begum Ferdousi , Busreea Reeva Aireen , Jahan Akter , Khan Md Abul Kalam Azad 
Published: July 2021

Heterotopic pregnancy is defined as the co-existence of intrauterine and extrauterine gestation. The ectopic component in this study was in right fallopian tube which ruptured and remained in peritoneal cavity causing acute abdomen and shock. The intrauterine component was a viable existence with 7 weeks of gestation. The ectopic component was managed with immediate laparotomy and resuscitation. The intrauterine component was allowed to continue normally. The course of intrauterine pregnancy was uneventful with successful outcome i.e. a healthy mother delivered a healthy baby at term. We had to adopt Cesarean section due to non- progress of labor.
CBMJ 2017 July: Vol. 06 No. 02 P: 21-24
Congenital Haemolytic Anaemia with early onset and uncommon presentation: A Case Report
Authors: Fazilatunnesa - , Ara Anjuman , Asadujjaman Mohammad , Jahan Shahanaz , Hasan Muhammad Masud , Tamanna Kishwar Zaman , Begum Ambia , Ansary Nahid Bintay 
Published: July 2021

Haemolytic anaemias result from an increase in the rate of red cell destruction. The lifespan of the normal red cell is 100-120 days; in the haemolytic anaemias it is shortened by varying degrees, and in very severe cases may be only a few days. Here we described a male child of 1.5 months presented with yellow coloration of whole body and sclera since birth, progressive pallor since birth & gradual abdominal distention for 20 days. The child was admitted to hospital with the complaints of bleeding from mouth and nose for 3 days. Peripheral blood film of the child showed features of hemolytic anaemia, as a congenital hemolytic anaemia probably hemoglobinopathies/thalassemia. As because the child is 1.5 months old the diagnosis was confirmed by Hb-electrophoresis of his parents. Hb-electrophoresis examination of the parent showed predominant Hb was HbE which was 90.0% found in mother & 92.4% found in father. So the case was diagnosed as congenital hemolytic anaemia, HbE disease.
CBMJ 2017 July: Vol. 06 No. 02 P: 32-37
Virulence analysis of Pyricularia oryzae isolates causing wheat blast in Bangladesh
Authors: Noman Md Abdullah Al , Shamsi Shamim 
Published: July 2021

Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Pyricularia oryzae pathotype Triticum, causal agent of wheat blast, has emerged in Bangladesh as a serious threat for wheat production. Virulence analysis of plant pathogen can reveal the pathogenic nature of that pathogen. In the present study, twenty-four monoconidial isolates of P. oryzae from Chuadanga, Meherpur, Kustia and Jhenaidaha districts of Bangladesh were analyzed to observe their pathogenic potential. Based on the disease reactions, all the isolates were grouped into 3 pathotypes. Present investigation revealed that the isolates with high virulence were prevalent in the studied P. oryzae population. Again, Pathotype 1 that was identified as the most virulent can be used as reference for screening resistant wheat varieties.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 151-157, 2021 (July)
Flight muscle and flight activity of melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Ferdousi Farhana , Sultana Shanjida , Akter Tangin , Roy Pinakshi , Begum Shefali 
Published: July 2021

The flight activity and flight muscle of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) were observed. The Tethered technique was used to observe the flight activity in this study. The flight activity, and wing and flight muscles were compared between male and female melon flies. The results indicate that the female was relatively better and strong flier than the male. The mean duration of the flight activity of the females was 13.90 min/hour and of the males was 7.12 min./hour. The mean length, width, volume of wings of the males were 6.07 mm, 2.67 mm and 10.99 mm³, respectively. On the other hand, the mean length, width and volume of the wings of females were 7.07 mm, 2.87 mm and 15.60 mm³, respectively. In case of wing muscles, the mean volume of dorsal longitudinal muscle (DLM) in male and female was found 5.20 mm³ and 5.67 mm³, respectively. The mean length of flight wing muscle of male and female was 2.22 and 2.23 mm, respectively and the mean breadth of male and female was 1.65 and 1.77 mm, respectively.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 179-185, 2021 (July)