bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Mn(II) Complexes-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base Salicylaldehyde and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Saputri Niken Windi , Rahmatia Liswinda Zafirah , Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria , Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa , Bima Damar Nurwahyu 
Published: June 2021

The development of compounds with a better antibacterial activity is highly needed. One way to achieve this is by modifying the structure of the compound using chitosan as a starting material, because of its abundant natural source in Indonesia, its biodegradable properties, and its structure where free amines are present. This study aims to obtain Mn(II) -Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base-Salicylaldehyde complex to increase its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative). Schiff Base carboxymethyl chitosan-salicylaldehyde was synthesized from carboxymethyl chitosan with salicylaldehyde. Next, the Schiff Base Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Salicylaldehyde was complexed with MnCl2.4H2O and then characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, and AAS and tested for antibacterial activity with the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The product of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base-salicylaldehyde is a brownish yellow solid with a yield of 64% (w/w) and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (clear zone diameter 11 mm) and Escherichia coli (clear zone diameter 13 mm). The product of Mn(II) Complexes-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base-salicylaldehyde is a black solid with a yield of 59% (w/w) and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (clear zone diameter 13 mm) and Escherichia coli (clear zone diameter 17 mm).
Evolution in schizophrenia diagnosis in the department of Caldas, Colombia. 2010-2015
Authors: Osorio José Henry , Valencia German , Pérez Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The diagnosis of schizophrenia has experienced a remarkable increase in recent years.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and incidence of schizophrenia in the department of Caldas, Colombia, between 2010 and 2015, and to describe its epidemiological profile in this area of the country.
Materials and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study. Information on the number of patients treated and the number of consultations in which the diagnosis or reason for consultation was related to schizophrenia diagnostic codes (ICD-10) in Caldas between 2010 and 2015 was analyzed. Data were obtained from the Territorial Health Management Office of Caldas and the Individual Health Service Provision Records of the Colombian Ministry of Health and Social Protection. Annual incidence and prevalence of schizophrenia for the study period were established and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the number of consultations and the number of patients treated according to the type of schizophrenia, with a significance level of p (α) <0.05.
Results: During the study period, 7 583 consultations were made, and 3 264 patients were treated due to schizophrenia in Caldas. The prevalence of schizophrenia in 2010 was 0.03% and in 2015, 0.11%. The cumulative incidence shown a marked upward trend, finding 834 new cases of schizophrenia between 2010 and 2015 (256 vs. 1 090), with an incidence of 70 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in 2015. The most frequent types of schizophrenia were paranoid and undifferentiated schizophrenia (2 250 and 560, respectively).
Conclusions: The marked increase in the prevalence and incidence of schizophrenia in the study period may be explained by several factors; thus, it is necessary to review its epidemiological profile in other departments of the country as a first step to identify the factors associated with its occurrence in the Colombian population.
Potencialidade de Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) na Floresta Amazônica, Brasil
Authors: Nina Matheus Mendes , Santos Crisna Pereira dos , Rocha Sthefanie Felix da , Cavalcante Felipe Sant’ Anna , Lima Renato Abreu 
Published: June 2021

RESUMO: Euphorbiaceae é uma das maiores, complexas, diversas e importantes famílias botânicas encontradas na região Amazônica. Esta família oferece um grande potencial econômico, com mais de 1.100 espécies, nativas e/ou bem adaptadas no Brasil. As espécies de Euphorbiaceae tem grande destaque na atividade econômica, através da alimentação humana e na medicina a partir do conhecimento popular. O gênero Manihot, faz parte de um gênero neotropical, composto por aproximadamente 98 espécies amplamente distribuídas pela América Latina e Parte da América do Norte. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar as diversas potencialidades que Manihot esculenta Crantz apresenta por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica. Sendo assim, realizou-se buscas nas plataformas eletrônicas Google acadêmico, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e MEDLINE (Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde) e Scopus. Para tanto, utilizando-se uma abordagem descritiva e exploratória, compreendendo o período de inclusão das últimas quatro décadas. Verificou-se que é perceptível a importância socioeconômica desempenhada pela mandioca ao longo dos anos, sendo visível ainda a necessidade da disseminação de novas tecnologias de cultivo que contemplem os produtores e potencializam as produções dessa cultura oferecendo um grande potencial econômico para a região.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Botânica Econômica, Produção, Sociodiversidade.
Influência do girassol na ocorrência de plantas infestantes em área de preservação permanente
Authors: Silva Genilton Tiburcio da , Pereira Maria Renata Rocha , Silva Rafael José Navas da 
Published: June 2021

RESUMO: A adubação verde pode promover mudança na população de plantas espontâneas, principalmente por efeitos alelopáticos e por competição. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência do girassol semeado em diferentes espaçamentos, na ocorrência de plantas infestantes em área de preservação permanente. O experimento foi realizado em blocos casualizados, com três repetições para cada tratamento. Os tratamentos foram os diferentes espaçamentos entre linhas de plantio do girassol, sendo 0,75 m; 0,55 m e 0,30 m e 0,25 m, e testemunha. Foram realizadas três avaliações de identificação e coleta das planas infestantes, utilizando um quadro vazado de 0,5 m x 0,5 m e calculados os valores fitossociológicos de frequência, densidade e dominância relativa e índice de valor de importância. Na última avaliação foi determinada a massa seca e altura do girassol. A principal espécie infestante encontrada foi a Urochloa decumbens, apresentando os maiores valores para todos os parâmetros fitossociológicos avaliados. Houve redução na densidade de plantas infestantes com o aumento da densidade de girassol, podendo ser recomendado para recuperação de áreas degradadas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Adubação Verde, Fitossociologia, Helianthus annuus, Recuperação de áreas degradadas.
La amenaza fantasma: El virrey Pezuela frente a la Expedición Libertadora (1818-1820)
Authors: Alvarado Luna Patricio A. 
Published: June 2021

Tras la batalla de Maipú en 1818, el siguiente paso en el plan de San Martín para asegurar la independencia fue dirigirse al Perú. Para esto, se formó un plan que tomó casi dos años en concretarse: la Expedición Liberadora. Durante este tiempo, desde el virreinato peruano, el virrey Pezuela, temeroso de su arribo, organizó diversas medidas defensivas para Lima y la costa. Este temor generó un miedo colectivo y diversos cuestionamientos al virrey. El presente artículo analiza, centrándose en la Memoria de Pezuela, la situación virreinal desde los primeros rumores de la formación de la Expedición Libertadora en 1818 hasta su arribo en 1820.
Dos emisarios del general José de San Martín en el Perú: Remigio Silva y Fernando López Aldana
Authors: Peralta Ruiz Víctor 
Published: June 2021

Este artículo rescata del olvido historiográfico a dos personajes: el limeño Remigio Silva y el bogotano Fernando López Aldana. En distintos contextos, ambos asumieron papeles clave como emisarios del general José de San Martín antes de su desembarco en el Perú. Silva tuvo un papel relevante en el éxito de la expedición naval de Lord Cochrane, mientras que López Aldana fue divulgador de la propaganda sanmartiniana en Lima. Los protagonismos de Silva y López Aldana fueron cardinales en la guerra de zapa dentro del Virreinato, que conectó simultáneamente a rioplatenses, chilenos y peruanos.
Neonatal Nurses Book Club: A Novel Approach to Promote Nursing Resilience
Authors: Perino Jeanne , Cavanah Kylie , Havron Erin 
Published: June 2021

The Neonatal Critical Care Unit Book Club began with a common passion for reading and a need for socialization. There was also the hope that the club would foster a positive work culture and increase staff morale and resilience. In addition, the book club provided a mechanism for obtaining continuing education.The purpose of this article is to describe how a group of nurses participating in a book club were able to find support and encouragement during a pandemic.
Evaluation of Ischemic Heart Disease in the Young Population of Georgia
Authors: Giorgi Gogishvili 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Study of risk factors (RF) for ischemic heart disease (IHD) in young people is a significant problem in cardiology. Aims: Study and prognosis of ischemic heart disease in Georgian population under 45 years of age. Methods: The study included 107 young patients with coronary heart disease (from 18 to 44 years old), who were treated in the cardiology department of the St. John the Merciful Private Clinic. The average age was (34.68 Â± 6.2) years. The control group consisted of 199 healthy volunteers without cardiovascular diseases at the age from 18 to 44 years, the average age was (35.9 Â± 5.2) years. In all patients, traditional risk factors were assessed. Results: Regression analysis has shown that it increases the risk of ischemic heart disease:
living in the city - OR=6.90(95%CI:1.28-37.18);
sleep disturbance - OR=45.62(95%CI:3.52-590.64);
obesity -OR=24.56(95%CI:4.14-145.66);
hypertension - OR=40.76(95%CI:8.07-205.92);
excess intake of saturated fats - OR=79.94(95%CI:10.93-584.43);
night shift - OR=39.01(95%CI:3.75-405.75);
early detection of ischemic disease in grade I-II relatives - OR=44.22(95%CI:8.07-242.17);
decrease - female gender - OR=0.14 (95%CI:0.03-0.70) and married - OR=0.01(95%CI:0.00-0.08);
Conclusion: The ability to predict the risk of developing IHD in young people on the basis of traditional RFs, most of which are modifiable, as well as the study of "new" RFs opens up new perspectives in the formation of a strategic approach to the management of young patients in the presence of high risk.
Etnomatematika pada Produk Kerajinan Besi di Desa W wuluhan Jember sebagai Bahan Membuat Paket Soal Matematika Kelas XI
Authors: Istiawan Hendrik Win , Yudianto Erfan , Sugiarti Titik 
Published: June 2021

Ethnomatematics are used as modes, styles, and techniques of "tics" to describe, understand, and deal with the natural environment and cultural "mathema" in different cultural systems "ethnos". This means that ethno-mathematics functions as a bridge between mathematics and culture in society. The purpose of this research is to describe the ethnomatematics contained in iron handicraft products. This type of research is a qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. There are two subjects in this study, S1 as the owner and maker of iron handicraft products, and S2 as a helper in completing the manufacture of iron handicraft products. The methods used in data collection are observation, interviews, and documentation. This research focuses on observing ethnomatematics contained in iron handicraft products which include the concept of flat shapes, space shapes, parallel lines, ellipses, parabolas, congruence and kekongruenan. Ethnomatematics in this study the final results will be made as a package of math problems for class XI students.

Keywords: Ethnomatematics, iron handicraft products, package of math problems
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Berdasarkan Teori APOS (Action, Process, Object, Schema) Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Field Dependent dan Field Independent
Authors: Jazim Mochamad , Trapsilasiwi Dinawati , Murtikusuma Randi Pratama , Arifiatun Arifiatun 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe and analyze students' mathematical problem solving abilities based on theory of APOS (Action, Peocess, Object, Schema) in terms of Field Dependent and Field Independent Cognitive Style. It is descriptive research with qualitative approach. The research subjects are 34 students in class XI MIPA 1 SMA Nurul Islam Jember, they are grouped on cognitive style, they are 24 students having field independent cognitive style and 10 students having field dependent cognitive style. The method of data collection use a GEFT (Group Embedded Figure Test), test of problem solving abilities, , and interviews. The results of the data analysis of the problem solving ability test and interviews showed that at the action stage, students with the independent field cognitive style (FI) tended to be able to explain the meaning and information on the questions even though they did not write down what they knew. Students with the field dependent cognitive style (FD) tend to be able to write down the information contained in the questions, but have difficulty explaining the meaning of the questions. At the process stage, FI and FD students are able to model and explain the stages well, but FD still has errors in the resulting mathematical model. At the object stage, FI students tend to work on questions freely, while FD students tend to work on questions in detail or are fixated on completely arranged steps, FD students also have difficulty in explaining back the results of their work. At the schema stage, FI and FD students tend to be able to explain how to use the information contained at the object stage to be used at the schema stage. In general, students with a field independent cognitive style in solving mathematical problems tend to be free or not fixated on complete and detailed steps, and have an analytical nature, so they are able to sort out the important information contained in the questions. Students with a field dependent cognitive style in solving math problems tend to be bound or fixated with steps that are arranged in a complete and detailed manner.
Keywords: mathematics problem solving, APOS theory, cognitive style
Управління станом даних всередині мікросервісу
Authors: Дьяков С. , Зубрей Т. 
Published: June 2021

Ця робота детально розглядає проблему стану даних в сучасних системах та її вплив на архітектуру. Популярність мікросервісів підняла проблему збору інформації. Аналіз її рішень є основною темою статті. Були розглянуті різні підходи до комунікації сервісів з акцентом на визначенні їх переваг та недоліків. Проаналізовано взаємозв’язок, доступність та послідовність, визначено оптимальні випадки використання та запропоновано способи зменшення недоліків. Мікросервісна архітектура передбачає наявність декількох джерел даних, тому доступ до необхідної інформації є важливим завданням. У цій статті буде розглянуто різні підходи до роботи зі станом даних, зокрема: мікросервіс без стану, принцип розподілу відповідальності на команди та запити, пряма комунікація на вимогу з кешуванням та без кешування та event sourcing.
Бібл. 8, іл. 2, табл. 1
Огляд та аналіз одного з підходів до навчання до навчання моделі нейронної мережі
Authors: Бондар О. , Лісовиченко O. 
Published: June 2021

У статті проведений огляд та аналіз одного з підходів до навчання моделі нейронної мережі. Створено список вимог до навчання моделі. У якості архітектури нейронної сітки розглянуто мережі прямого поширення (перцептрон та багатошаровий перцептрон) та обрано багатошаровий перцептрон. Вхідними даними для навчання та тестування моделі були відомості з ринку електричної енергії протягом одного року. Описано кожен етап побудови та навчання моделі, яка слугуватиме для прогнозування даних. Навчена модель протестована за допомогою визначення середньої абсолютної помилки у відсотках (MAPE). Побудовано графіки та таблиці, які показують залежність точності моделі від параметрів та вхідних даних при навчанні. Отримані результати можна використовувати для практичного застосування, зокрема для прогнозування економічних показників.
Бібл. 9, іл. 10, табл. 1.
Wearable Actuators: An Overview
Authors: Chen Yu , Yang Yiduo , Li Mengjiao , Chen Erdong , Mu Weilei , Yin Rong 
Published: June 2021

The booming wearable market and recent advances in material science has led to the rapid development of the various wearable sensors, actuators, and devices that can be worn, embedded in fabric or accessories, or tattoos directly onto the skin. Wearable actuators, a subcategory of wearable technology, have attracted enormous interest from researchers in various disciplines and many wearable actuators and devices have been developed in the past few decades to assist and improve people's everyday lives. In this paper, we review the actuation mechanisms, structures, applications, and limitations of recently developed wearable actuators including pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, shape memory alloys and polymers, thermal and hygroscopic materials, dielectric elastomers, ionic and conducting polymers, piezoelectric actuators, electromagnetic actuators, liquid crystal elastomers, etc. Examples of the recent applications such as wearable soft robots, haptic devices, and personal thermal regulation textiles are highlighted. Finally, we point out the current bottleneck and suggest the prospective future research directions for wearable actuators.
Cement-Based Materials Modified with Nanoscale Additives
Authors: Polonina E. N. , Leonovich S. N. , Khroustalev B. M. , Sadovskaya E. A. , Budrevich N. A. 
Published: June 2021

The most common and reliable material without which modern construction is indispensable is concrete. The development of construction production is pushing for new solutions to improve the quality of concrete mix and concrete. The most demanded and significant indicators of a concrete mixture are the compressive strength and mobility of the concrete mixture. Every year, the volume of research on nanomaterials as modifying components of concrete is significantly increasing, and the results indicate the prospects for their use. Nanoparticles with a large specific surface are distinguished by chemical activity, can accelerate hydration and increase strength characteristics due to nucleation and subsequent formation of C–S–H and compaction of the material microstructure. Sol of nanosilica, which can be used instead of microsilica from industrial enterprises, and carbon nanomaterial have a wide reproduction base. This paper presents studies of these types of nanomaterials and the results of their application in cement concrete. Studies have shown that the effect is also observed with the introduction of an additive containing only one type of nanoparticles. The dependence of the obtained characteristics of cement concretes on the content of these nanomaterials has been established. It has been found that the best results were obtained with an additive in which the above-mentioned nanomaterials were used together. Compressive strength of heavy concrete samples, improved by the complex nanodispersed system, was 78.7 MPa, which exceeds the strength of the sample containing the CNT additive in a pair with a super-plasticizer by 37 %. The paper proposes the mechanism for action of the presented complex additive.
The Staple-Shape Plate Springs Engineering Calculation Method
Authors: Sukach M. K. 
Published: June 2021

The new types of elastic devices – staple-shape plate spring and leaf spring - have been developed at the Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture. The staple-shape plate spring is an elastic plate where the ends are deflected from its middle part in the same direction and are made in the form of consoles equipped with hinge attachments. The middle part of the plate as a parallel to the line of the load action is designed with variable length section. In each section, the axis, relative to which the moment of the section inertia is a maximum, is perpendicular to the spring bending plane, designed as the equal resistance beam. This article substantiates the feasibility of using a staple-shape plate spring to improve the elastic suspension of truck cabs. The recommendations for choosing the most promising mass production directions, as well as the engineering calculation methods of such springs, have been developed. Objects of the study are devices intended for machines and their components dynamic loads shock absorption, differing in having a bracket shape and being a subject to bending in the plane of the highest rigidity of their cross sections, as well as shock absorbers using these springs, in particular KamAZ cabs suspension. This research implementation allows significantly reducing the metal consumption and elastic devices manufacture complexity, as well as can be useful in the design and operation of elastic car suspensions.Keywords: elastic device, staple-shaped plate spring, leaf spring, elastic suspension
Fast Urbanization Causes Overestimate on Global Warming Trends
Authors: Li Na , Gao Ying , Gu Rong , Li Fei-Teng , Ren Guo-Peng , Xiao Wen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fast urbanization may caused overestimation on global warming tendency, whereas the contribution of urbanization on global warming tendency has not been evaluated accurately. Compared with current methods, we hold the opinion that comparing the temperature records of relocated new meteorological stations with old ones is a better way to evaluate the urbanization contribution. So we searched literature about relocation stations on Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and studies contained temperature record of paired relocated old and new meteorological stations were selected. Consequently, we collected temperature records on 57 paired stations and found that the temperature of old stations was higher than new ones by 0.66℃ ( -0.90 to 1.63℃). The urbanization process could contribute more than 60% to the temperature increasing tendency; there are strong coincidences between the periods of temperature increasing and regional fast urbanization over the worldwide. In conclusion, the assessment of global warming by IPCC could be revised based on paired urban and rural temperature data sets of global relocated meteorological stations in the next report.