bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angulated Cephalic Strip Flap in Lateral Crura Reduction: A Scroll Area Preservation Technique in Rhinoplasty
Authors: Generalow Andre , Kovacevic Milos , Stigger Theresia , Kofler Barbara 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn nasal tip surgery, achieving both functional and aesthetic results is crucial. Several complications, such as alar retraction or weakening of the internal nasal valve (INV), are associated with the “classical” cephalic trim. To prevent complications in nasal tip surgery a horizontal reduction of the lateral crus (LC) using a cephalic hinged flap while preserving the scroll area is described. In 138 patients with bulbous tips, a modification of the hinged flap, the angulated cephalic strip flap (ACSF), was performed during open septorhinoplasty. The cephalic portion of the lower lateral cartilage was superficially incised without separation, preserving the scroll area. The anterior-cephalic triangle of the cephalic portion was resected to facilitate tip sutures and avoid cartilage duplication in the new dome area and hereby creation of additional, undesired volume. The cephalic part was folded inferiorly and anchored with a single fixation suture. Additionally, a fixation with a suture in the scroll area should be performed to strengthen the cranial border of the LC to prevent flap displacement and warping of lower lateral cartilage, particularly in thin-skin patients where the healing forces are significantly stronger. In all 138 patients, a satisfactory postoperative result was achieved, with improved aesthetic and functional outcomes for the nasal tip. The ACSF facilitated tip suturing in all patients after resection of the anterior-cephalic triangle. No revision related to this technique was required, and no narrowing of the INV was observed.
Alternative theories of COVID-19: social dimensions and information sources
Authors: Shrum Wesley , Miller Paige , Asiamah Nana Osei , Zou Fangyue 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While scientific understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic increased, conspiracy theories undermined the foundations of public health policy, making it significantly more difficult both to discuss and to implement. Popular alternative narratives include the claim that government was using restrictions to control people's behavior, and that the pandemic was caused by 5G cellular technology. We examine the extent to which alternative beliefs were associated with sociodemographic characteristics and the sources through which people acquired information during the pandemic. Our analysis uses a demographically balanced online survey of 10,022 participants from 50 US states, collected during August of 2021. Results indicate that those holding alternative theories tended to be right leaning, religious, young, male, and unvaccinated individuals. Sources of information were also strong predictors of such beliefs, specifically the extent to which social media were considered reliable.
In-water electrical impedance tomography: EIT and the sea
Authors: Adler Andy , el Harake Tarek , Mosing Martina , Fahlman Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Objective: Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has shown the ability to provide clinically useful functional information on ventilation in humans and other land mammals. We are motivated to use EIT with sea mammals and human divers, since EIT could provide unique information on lung ventilation that can help address diver performance and safety, and veterinary and behavioural questions. However, in-water use of EIT is challenging, primarily because sea water is more conductive than the body. Approach: We first address this issue by modelling the in-water component and evaluating image reconstruction algorithms. Main Results: EIT is able to produce reasonable images if an outer insulating layer allows a water layer thickness < 2% of the body radius. We next describe the design of custom EIT belts with an outer neoprene insulator to minimize current leakage. We show example underwater EIT recordings in human and dolphin subjects. Significance: we demonstrate in-water EIT is feasible with appropriate techniques.&#xD;
Study on wave propagation of FG-CNTRC plates with single/double piezoelectric layers
Authors: Li Feng-Lian , Hao Yu-Qi , Lv Mei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present paper deals with wave propagation in a piezoelectric sandwich plate, which is composed of FG-CNTRC core layer and piezoelectric layers. The material properties of the core layer are estimated based on the extended mixture rule. The governing equations of the structure are developed based on the third-order shear deformation theory and Hamilton principle. An analytical solution is applied to obtain the dispersion curves, group velocity and phase velocity. The computed results are validated by the previous results. The effects of various parameters such as volume fractions and distribution types of CNTs, piezoelectric layer thickness, piezoelectric lay-ups on the wave propagation in the piezoelectric FG-CNTRC sandwich plate are discussed, and the control of the wave propagation is carried out. The research results can provide theoretical references for the design and optimization of sandwich structures.
Thermally tunable topological interface states for flexural wave demultiplexing in one-dimensional metamaterials
Authors: Caetano Virgilio Junior , De Marqui Carlos, Jr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work explores a demultiplexer that realizes the spatial separation of bending waves through temperature-tunable topological interface modes. Unlike fixed-property configurations that split input signals into predetermined frequency components, our proposed reconfigurable setup allows the adjustment of the frequency components according to the temperature. The model consists of a metallic host structure covered by pairs of piezoelectric elements connected to negative capacitance circuits. Additionally, the metamaterial features periodically distributed mass-spring resonators made of shape memory alloy. The negative capacitance enables modification of the local stiffness of each unit cell. At the same time, the resonance frequency of each mass-spring attachment is controlled by changing the temperature of the shape memory alloy springs. After characterizing the topological properties of the proposed unit cell configuration, we numerically investigate a two-channel topologically protected demultiplexer. The results demonstrate the system's capability to extract signals at temperature-tunable frequencies of topological modes with enhanced energy localization.
Majorana-metal transition in a disordered superconductor: percolation in a landscape of topological domain walls
Authors: Zakharov V A , Fulga I C , Lemut G , Tworzydło J , Beenakker C W J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Most superconductors are thermal insulators. A disordered chiral p-wave superconductor, however, can make a transition to a thermal metal phase. Because heat is then transported by Majorana fermions, this phase is referred to as a Majorana metal. Here we present numerical evidence that the mechanism for the phase transition with increasing electrostatic disorder is the percolation of boundaries separating domains of different Chern number. We construct the network of domain walls using the spectral localizer as a ‘topological landscape function’, and obtain the thermal metal–insulator phase diagram from the percolation transition.
Phononic crystal sensor for high-sensitive detection of heavy metal concentrations
Authors: Khaligh Aynaz , Bahrami Ali , Badri Ghavifekr Habib 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aim of this study is to introduces an innovative, high-sensitive ultrasonic sensor using phononic crystal technology. It is specifically engineered to detect low-level concentrations of

CdBr

2

, which is recognized as a heavy metal ion exhibiting significant levels of toxicity and capable of infiltrating freshwater through various human activities. The proposed sensor is composed of a periodic pattern of tungsten rods on the poly methyl methacrylate substrate. To enhance sensor sensitivity, the method of destructive interference has been employed. This work demonstrates that varying concentrations of

CdBr

2

in water will produce a solitary peak with a distinct resonant frequency corresponding to the sensed sample concentration. Ultimately, through the examination of the output frequency peaks, one can ascertain the concentration of

CdBr

2

in the water. The finite element method is employed to simulate the sensor transmission spectrum. The innovative sensor in this study, in addition to its newly designed sensing region, which has been precisely engineered to detect and differentiate low levels

ppm

of various concentrations of cadmium bromide in water, utilizes two separate paths within an asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer. This design effectively eliminates extraneous frequencies around the main output peak through phase difference. Compared to prior studies, the sensor exhibits outstanding performance, including sensitivity of

40160

Hz

.cm

3

/
g

, quality factor of

103220

, detection limit of

3.035

ppm

, and damping rate of

8.806
×

10

−
6

. Additionally, achieving the sensitivities of

118.167

m

−
1

for sound speed and

0.04

Hz

ppm

−
1

for concentration (at

ppm

level), confirms its applicability for detecting other solutions. Results demonstrate that this work aims to develop a simple, innovative, and high-performance design that has the potential to greatly influence sensing applications, due to its exceptional performance.
Respiratory sound classification utilizing human auditory-based feature extraction.
Authors: . Rishabh , Kumar Dhirendra , Meena Yogendra , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A major worldwide health concern are chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), which&#xD;include disorders including asthma, pulmonary hypertension, occupational lung diseases,&#xD;and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Improving clinical results and&#xD;treatment efficacy require an early and precise diagnosis. In order to classify respiratory&#xD;sounds, this study presents a novel framework that incorporates auditory-inspired&#xD;characteristics, such as Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs), Mel Spectrograms,&#xD;and Cochleograms, into a CNN-LSTM architecture. The framework uses sophisticated&#xD;feature extraction techniques in conjunction with strong data augmentation approaches&#xD;to address the issue of class imbalance and guarantee thorough representation of a variety&#xD;of respiratory sound patterns. Using the Respiratory Sound Database, the suggested&#xD;model was assessed and showed remarkable performance, obtaining an F1 score of 98.89%,&#xD;accuracy of 98.94%, specificity of 99.78%, and sensitivity of 99.30%, and an ICBHI score&#xD;of 99.54%. These findings demonstrate the model’s potential as a reliable and efficient&#xD;tool for the early identification and evaluation of CRDs, which would significantly improve&#xD;patient care and the management of respiratory illnesses. The outstanding performance&#xD;further emphasizes the importance in clinical settings, enabling improved management&#xD;and early identification of chronic respiratory conditions.
Propagation and scattering of electromagnetic wavesbiorthogonal electrodynamics
Authors: Zakharchenko Mikhail V. , Glinskii Gennadii F 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the present work, a new, most general approach to the analysis of the electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering processes in systems with arbitrary anisotropy of permittivity and permeability is developed. The mathematical apparatus of this theory is based on the Green's function method in the biorthogonal formulation, which allows one to study electrodynamic systems described by non-Hermitian operators. The solution to the problem of electromagnetic wave propagation is expressed through the Green's operator corresponding to the Maxwell's equations in the general form outside the framework of any representation. As an example, one-dimensional problems of determining transmission spectra in various layered structures based on media with arbitrary anisotropic dielectric and magnetic parameters are considered. Transmission spectra in multilayered structures are calculated, taking into account the presence of defective layers in them. For a simple system of four dielectric layers, a high accuracy of correspondence between the result of the analytical solution of this problem and the result of the solution by the proposed method is shown. Transmission spectra of anisotropic layered structures with a complex coordinate dependence of the dielectric function are also calculated, in which, in principle, there are no mathematically strict boundaries.&#xD;
Constant roll and non-Gaussian tail in light of logarithmic duality
Authors: Inui Ryoto , Motohashi Hayato , Pi Shi , Tada Yuichiro , Yokoyama Shuichiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The curvature perturbation in a model of constant-roll (CR) inflation is interpreted in view of the logarithmic duality discovered in ref. [1] according to the δN formalism.
We confirm that the critical value β:=φ̈/(Hφ̇)= -3/2 determining whether the CR
condition is stable or not is understood as the point at which the dual solutions, i.e., the attractor and non-attractor solutions of the field equation, are interchanged.
For the attractor-solution domination, the curvature perturbation in the CR model is given by a simple logarithmic mapping of a Gaussian random field, which can realise both the exponential tail (i.e., the single exponential decay) and the Gumbel-distribution-like tail (i.e., the double exponential decay) of the probability density function, depending on the value of β.
Such a tail behaviour is important for, e.g., the estimation of the primordial black hole (PBH) abundance.
The SST-1M imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope for gamma-ray astrophysics
Authors: Alispach C. , Araudo A. , Balbo M. , Beshley V. , Biland A. , Blažek J. , Borkowski J. , Bulik T. , Cadoux F. , Casanova S. , Christov A. , Chudoba J. , Chytka L. , Dědič P. , della Volpe D. , Favre Y. , Garczarczyk M. , Gibaud L. , Gieras T. , Hamal P. , Heller M. , Hrabovský M. , Janeček P. , Jelínek M. , Jílek V. , Juryšek J. , Karas V. , Lacave B. , Lyard E. , Mach E. , Mandát D. , Marek W. , Michal S. , Michałowski J. , Moderski R. , Montaruli T. , Muraczewski A. , Muthyala S. , Müller A.L. , Nagai A. , Nalewajski K. , Neise D. , Niemiec J. , Nikołajuk M. , Novotný V. , Ostrowski M. , Palatka M. , Pech M. , Prouza M. , Rajda P. , Schovanek P. , Seweryn K. , Sliusar V. , Stawarz Ł. , Sternberger R. , Stodulska M. , Świerblewski J. , Świerk P. , Štrobl J. , Tavernier T. , Trávníček P. , Troyano Pujadas I. , Vícha J. , Vacula M. , Walter R. , Ziȩtara K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The SST-1M (webpage: https://sst-1m.space) is a Small-Sized Telescope (SST) designed to provide a cost-effective and high-performance solution for gamma-ray astrophysics, particularly for energies beyond a few TeV.
The goal is to integrate this telescope into an array of similar instruments, leveraging its lightweight design, earthquake resistance, and established Davies-Cotton configuration. Additionally, its optical system is designed to function without a protective dome, allowing it to withstand the harsh atmospheric conditions typical of mountain environments above 2000 m a.s.l.
The SST-1M utilizes a fully digitizing camera system based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). This camera is capable of digitizing all signals from the UV-optical light detectors, allowing for the implementation of various triggers and data analysis methods. We detail the process of designing, prototyping, and validating this system, ensuring that it meets the stringent requirements for gamma-ray detection and performance.
An SST-1M stereo system is currently operational and collecting data at the Ondřejov observatory in the Czech Republic, situated at 500 m a.s.l. Preliminary results from this system are promising.
A forthcoming paper will provide a comprehensive analysis of the telescope's performance in detecting gamma rays and operating under real-world conditions.
Transport and confinement physics: Chapter 2 of the special issue: on the path to tokamak burning plasma operation
Authors: Yoshida M. , McDermott R.M. , Angioni C. , Camenen Y. , Citrin J. , Jakubowski M. , Hughes J.W. , Idomura Y. , Mantica P. , Mariani A. , Mordijck S. , Paul E.J. , Tala T. , Verdoolaege G. , Zocco A. , Casson F.J. , Dif-Pradalier G. , Duval B. , Grierson B.A. , Kaye S.M. , Manas P. , Maslov M. , Odstrcil T. , Rice J.E. , Schmitz L. , Sciortino F. , Solano E.R. , Staebler G. , Valovič M. , Wolfrum E. , Snipes J.A. ,   the Transport and Confinement Group
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Progress in physics understanding and theoretical model development of plasma transport and confinement (TC) in the ITPA TC Topical Group since the publication of the ITER Physics Basis (IPB) document (Doyle et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion
47 S18) was summarized focusing on the contributions to ITER and burning plasma prediction and control. This paper provides a general and streamlined overview on the advances that were mainly led by the ITPA TC joint experiments and joint activities for the last 15 years (see JEX/JA table in appendix). This paper starts with the scientific strategy and scope of the ITPA TC Topical group and overall picture of the major progress, followed by the progress of each research field: particle transport, impurity transport, ion and electron thermal turbulent transport, momentum transport, impact of 3D magnetic fields on transport, confinement mode transitions, global confinement, and reduced transport modeling. Cross references with other Topical Groups are given in order to highlight overlapped topics, such as the 3D effect on the plasma transport in the edge and L-H transition physics. The increasing overlap between the topical groups is a reflection of the progress on integrating the known physics into comprehensive models that are better and better able to reproduce the plasma transport. In recent years, such integration has become increasingly prevalent when considering transport from the SOL, through the edge pedestal, and into the plasma core. In the near future, increased collaboration also with the magneto-hydrodynamic and energetic particles community will be important as we approach burning plasma conditions in next-step fusion devices. A summary of remaining challenges and next steps for each research field is given in the Summary section.
Equilibria and excitation spectra of the CN-H1 HELIAC including magnetic island effects
Authors: Zhang Y. , Cao J. , Gao Z.K. , Könies A. , Drevlak M. , Nührenberg C. , Gong Xueyu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The CN-H1 stellarator is a HELIAC, and re-build with partly renewed coils at the University of South China. We calculate a set of equilibria varying the helical current and compute their Alfvén and sound excitation spectrum. With a plot of the density of frequencies, we provide a proxy for the continuum damping and for the visibility of excitations in the diagnostics. Furthermore, we explore the importance of magnetic islands for the excitation spectrum of the device. Thereby we expand a numerical tool to include the modifications due to islands along with the so called slow-sound approximation. We find that the frequency of the geodesic acoustic mode vs. radius changes considerably even for a moderate island size which may have consequences for the zonal flow dynamics.
Improve the surface roughness of resin 3D printed products using RSM Method
Authors: Huynh Huu Nghi , Huynh Quoc Thi , Bui Trong Hieu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Additive Manufacturing has been widely applied in many different industries and fields, especially in 3D printing technology using liquid plastic materials - a technology that creates products with superior structural complexity detail, and surface roughness. In developing countries, research into the use of desktop and open-source devices to create products that can be used in important fields such as industry, healthcare, and jewelry is of great interest due to advantages in equipment costs, materials, etc. However, nowadays, products created on these lines are of unsatisfactory quality for application in production. The main reason is that users do not have the optimal process parameter sets for each specific application goal, and research on this issue is not receiving adequate attention. Therefore, the authors researched to analyze and learn about the influence of important process parameters on product surface quality, determining the optimal set of parameters suitable for the product. The study uses the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method to design experiments. Data on the surface roughness of 32 test samples were analyzed using the ANOVA method to evaluate each process parameter’s influence on surface roughness. Minitab version 18 software was used for optimization. The research results have identified an optimal set of parameters suitable for most open-source machines using liquid plastic materials today, with a significantly improved surface roughness Ra value of the test specimen.
How do trees outside forests contribute to human wellbeing? A systematic review from South Asia
Authors: Choksi Pooja , Lalai Dhwani , Menon Anamika , Joglekar Abha , Roy Anirban , Ramprasad Vijay , Thapa Mahendra Singh , Gudasalamani Ravikanth , Dhyani Shalini , Bunyan Milind , Shastri Seema , Plieninger Tobias , Adhikari Binod , Fischer Harry , Lahiri Sutirtha , Djenontin Ida N S , Elias Faisal , Kocher Megan , Cuadra Juan Ortiz , Fleischman Forrest 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Trees have emerged as a key focus of global environmental policy. Several programs promote planting of trees outside forests (ToF), in places such as farms and grazing lands, due to the potential of trees to provide a wide variety of benefits to people and nature. Yet, our knowledge of human well-being outcomes of ToFs is limited, especially in South Asia. In this systematic literature review, we examine multidimensional human wellbeing outcomes of a wide range of ToF practices in rural landscapes of South Asian countries; including Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Relying on six databases, we uncover a large body of research in 325 articles considered for this review. Articles from Bangladesh and India dominate our review, with 71% of the studies. Further, two ToF systems, tree and forest gardens and multipurpose trees on farms, were the most commonly studied, accounting for approximately 43% of the dataset. About 62% of publications reported increases in incomes, representing economic wellbeing, 34% and 36% of publications reported an increase in material wellbeing (access to biomass and fuelwood respectively), and 10% in dietary diversity. ToF systems also created opportunities for vocational training. Trade-offs include negative and mixed outcomes on people’s sense of agency, political voice, and social equity in particular with afforestation and monoculture plantation projects in which governmental agencies took leadership or influential roles. Some research designs were weak and it was unclear whether the studied tree-based systems reflect the actual distribution of tree-based systems in South Asia. This review offers useful insights to guide ongoing and future tree-based natural-climate solutions projects in the region and worldwide to ensure ecological security and human wellbeing are well considered. It also points to areas where future research is needed.