bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of multifunctional long‐persistent photoluminescence cellulose fibres
Authors: Hameed Ahmed , Aljuhani Enas , Bawazeer Tahani M. , Almehmadi Samar J. , Alfi Alia Abdulaziz , Abumelha Hana M. , Mersal Gaber A. M. , El‐Metwaly Nashwa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSimple preparation of flame‐retardant, photoluminescent, and superhydrophobic smart nanocomposite coating was developed and applied onto cotton fibres using the simple pad–dry–cure technique. This novel strategy involved the immobilization of rare‐earth‐doped aluminium strontium oxide (ASO; SrAl2O4:Eu+2,Dy+3) nanoparticles, environmentally friendly room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber (RTV) and environmentally friendly Exolet AP422 (Ex). The fabrics were also able to produce a char film in the fire‐resistant assessment, providing fibres with a self‐extinguishing characteristic. Furthermore, the fire‐retardant performance of the coated cotton samples remained resistant to washing over 35 laundry cycles. The superhydrophobicity of the treated fabrics was monitored to improve by increasing the photoluminescent phosphor nanoparticles. The produced transparent photoluminescent film displayed an absorption at 360 nm and an emission at 526 nm. The photoluminescent fabrics were observed to generate different colorimetric shades, including white, green‐yellow and bright white as monitored by Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage laboratory colorimetric coordinates. Slow emissions were detected for the treated cotton fabrics as monitored by emission, ultraviolet–visible light absorption, lifetime, and decay time spectral profiles to indicate glow in the dark phosphorescence effect. Both comfort and mechanical properties of the coated fibres were evaluated by measuring their bending length and air permeability.
Understanding the role of fuels and impure phases on photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of combustion‐derived nano Sr2CeO4 blue light‐emitting phosphor*
Authors: Lakshmanaiah Monika D. , Rajan Hari Krishna , Naganna Chandraprabha M. , Raghupathi Preetham , Rajan Sivaramakrishna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite great advancements in optical materials and luminescent hosts, self‐luminescent blue‐emitting phosphors are very limited. In this study we present the influence of fuels used in combustion synthesis on the photoluminescence and thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of self‐luminescent Sr2CeO4 blue‐emitting phosphors. Four different fuels, oxalyldihydrazide (ODH), sugar, glycine, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, were used to synthesize Sr2CeO4. Powder X‐ray diffraction patterns showed that pure orthorhombic Sr2CeO4 was formed only with the ODH fuel and the other fuels resulted in the formation of impurity phases. Excitation spectra showed peaks at ~290 and 340 nm, corresponding to charge transfer bands from different O2− to Ce4+ ions. The emission spectra showed an intense blue‐emitting band at 470 nm and the highest emission intensity was found for the sample prepared with ODH. Furthermore, TL glow curves for the γ‐irradiated Sr2CeO4 nanophosphor showed that ODH as fuel produced a more intense glow curve compared with other fuels investigated. TL glow curve analysis was carried out by calculating parameters such as activation energy, frequency factor, and order of kinetics. This study explores the importance and role of fuel in tuning the optical properties of phosphor hosts.
Dynamic changes of the joint capsule in relation to the zona orbicularis: An anatomical study with possible implications for hip stability mechanism
Authors: Tsutsumi Masahiro , Nimura Akimoto , Utsunomiya Hajime , Akita Keiichi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe zona orbicularis, which comprises the inner circular fibers of the joint capsule, is vital for hip stability in distraction. Despite the proximity of the whole joint capsule to the zona orbicularis, their anatomical relationship remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the inner side of the joint capsule comprehensively. Twelve hips from nine bodies donated to science were examined. Six and three of the donated bodies, respectively, were embalmed using 8% formalin and Thiel's method. The joint capsules in three formalin‐embalmed bodies were sturied by micro‐computed tomography. During formalin fixation of six hips from these three bodies, one side was maintained at hip extension and the other at flexion. The remaining three formalin‐embalmed bodies were examined histologically. Micro‐computed tomography images revealed that the inward protrusion of the joint capsule narrowed the articular cavity, and the ratio of its narrowest area to that of the femoral neck was less at hip extension than at hip flexion. The Thiel's method specimens showed that the inner surface of the joint capsule protruded inward toward the femoral neck during hip extension. This inward protrusion was not histologically independent of the joint capsule. The zona orbicularis was interpreted as the inward protrusion caused by dynamic change of the joint capsule, rather than the local collar. In other words, the joint capsule could change its morphology dynamically depending on the hip position.
DYRK1A activates NFATC1 to increase glioblastoma migration
Authors: Liu Heng , Sun Qian , Chen Shuai , Chen Long , Jia Wenming , Zhao Juan , Sun Xiulian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive glioma, and is prone to develop resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; hence, patients with glioblastoma have a high recurrence rate and a low 1‐year survival rate. In addition, the pathogenesis of glioblastoma is complex and largely unknown, and the available treatments are limited. Here, we uncovered a fundamental role of DYRK1A in regulating NFATC1 in GBMs. We found that DYRK1A was highly expressed in glioma and glioblastoma cells, and its expression was positively correlated with that of NFATC1. Moreover, inhibition of DYRK1A promoted NFATC1 degradation in GBM cells and sharply reduced the transactivation of NFATC1, not only by decreasing the expression of NFATC1‐targeted genes, but also by reducing the luciferase activity, and vice versa. However, DYRK1A had the opposite effect on NFATC2. Most importantly, our data suggest that DYRK1A inhibition reduces glioblastoma migration. Polypeptides derived from the DYRK1A‐targeted motif of NFATC1, by competitively blocking DYRK1A kinase activity on NFATC1, clearly destabilized NFATC1 protein and impaired glioblastoma migration. We propose that the recovery of NFATC1 stability is a key oncogenic event in a large proportion of gliomas, and pharmacological inhibition of DYRK1A by polypeptides could represent a promising therapeutic intervention for GBM.
Deep Eutectic Solvents for High‐Temperature Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Mackowiak Adam , Galek Przemyslaw , Fic Krzysztof 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article provides an overview of a deep eutectic mixture based on the application of lithium nitrate (V) and acetamide as an electrolyte in a carbon‐based electrochemical capacitor. This type of electrolyte is intended to be applied in devices designed for operation under critical conditions (e. g., extreme temperatures). In contrast to water‐ and common organic‐based formulations, the proposed electrolyte ensures good device performance at 100 °C. To describe the chemistry of the proposed mixture, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry were used. Electrochemical analysis includes the verification of system ageing, self‐discharge monitoring, leakage current measuring, and fundamental testing related to determining the specific capacitance or maximum voltage. Additionally, comprehensive analysis of the lithium nitrate salt and organic solvent addition to the operating system was carried out, including the replacement of lithium ions with sodium or potassium.
“Golden” Cascade Cyclization to Benzo[c]‐Phenanthridines
Authors: Hendrich Christoph M. , Senn Sebastian , Haas Lea , Hoffmann Marvin T. , Zschieschang Ute , Greiner Luca C. , Rominger Frank , Rudolph Matthias , Klauk Hagen , Dreuw Andreas , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHerein, we describe a gold‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of Boc‐protected benzylamines bearing two tethered alkyne moieties in a domino reaction initiated by a 6‐endo‐dig cyclization. The reaction was screened intensively, and the scope was explored, resulting in nine new Boc‐protected dihydrobenzo[c]phenanthridines with yields of up to 98 %; even a π‐extension and two bidirectional approaches were successful. Furthermore, thermal cleavage of the Boc group and subsequent oxidation gave substituted benzo[c]phenanthridines in up to quantitative yields. Two bidirectional approaches under the optimized conditions were successful, and the resulting π‐extended molecules were tested as organic semiconductors in organic thin‐film transistors.
On the prediction of suspension viscosity, grain morphology, and agitation power in SPVC reactors
Authors: Kiparissides Costas , Pladis Prokopis 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe role of primary and secondary stabilizers in the suspension polymerization of VCM and their effect on grain morphology (i.e., particle size distribution, grain porosity, and bulk density) is critically discussed. Using the modified Mooney equation, the time‐varying viscosity of the suspension in an SPVC reactor is calculated in terms of the volume fraction of the dispersed monomer/polymer phase, the ratio of the viscosity of the dispersed phase over the viscosity of the continuous aqueous phase, and the maximum packing volume fraction of SPVC grains. A population balance equation is numerically solved to calculate the dynamic evolution of particle size distribution (PSD) in an industrial batch suspension VCM polymerization reactor. A porosity model is postulated to calculate the dynamic evolution of the PVC grain porosity with respect to monomer conversion and the extent of primary particle fusion. Finally, the underlying theory regarding the calculation of the required agitation power in SPVC reactors is detailed. It is shown that the time‐varying viscosity of the suspension can be calculated and the PVC grain morphology (i.e., extent of particle agglomeration) can be accessed via the on‐line estimation of the effective volume fraction of the dispersed phase using on‐line power agitation measurements obtained from an industrial‐scale SPVC reactor.
Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)‐3‐YlidenephthalidesviaH3PMo12O40‐Catalyzed Cyclization of 2‐Acylbenzoic Acids with Benzylic Alcohols
Authors: Yang Guoping , Li Ke , Lin Xiaoling , Li Yijin , Cui Chengxing , Li Shixiong , Cheng Yuanyuan , Liu Yufeng 
Published: July 2021

Main observation and conclusionWe report an exclusively tandem C—O and C—C bond forming beyond the esterification and cyclization reaction of 2‐acylbenzoic acids with alcohols to regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of the (Z)‐3‐ylidenephthalides. The reaction uses the nontoxic, inexpensive H3PMo12O40 as catalyst and produces water as the sole by‐product, making the reaction environmentally benign and sustainable. Moreover, this reaction features an eco‐friendly reaction condition, facile scalability, and easy derivatization of the products to drugs and bioactive compounds. The mechanism studies and density functional theory calculations reveal that the appropriate acid catalyst is the key to the selectivity of this transformation.
PROTOCOL: Is radicalization a family issue? A systematic review of family‐related risk and protective factors, consequences, and interventions against radicalization
Authors: Zych Izabela , Nasaescu Elena 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis systematic review aims to answer the following research questions: (1) What are the family‐related risk and protective factors for radicalization? (2) What is the impact of radicalization on families? (3) To what extent are family‐based interventions against radicalization effective? The review will answer these research questions by systematically gathering and synthesizing published and unpublished scientific literature on family‐related risk and protective factors for radicalization, the impact of radicalization on family, and studies that evaluate the impact of family‐based interventions on radicalization. This review will also explore what components of family‐based interventions are most effective for countering radicalization. Thus, this systematic review will provide a global vision of scientific literature focused on family and radicalization including quantitative research.
Single depolymerizing and transport kinesins stabilize microtubule ends
Authors: Ciorîță Alexandra , Bugiel Michael , Sudhakar Swathi , Schäffer Erik , Jannasch Anita 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMicrotubules are highly dynamic cellular filaments and an accurate control of their length is important for many intracellular processes like cell division. Among other factors, microtubule length is actively modulated by motors from the kinesin superfamily. For example, yeast kinesin‐8, Kip3, motors depolymerize microtubules by a cooperative, force‐ and length‐dependent mechanism. However, whether single motors can also depolymerize microtubules is unclear. Here, we measured how single kinesin motors influenced the stability of microtubules in an in vitro assay. Using label‐free interference reflection microscopy, we determined the spontaneous microtubule depolymerization rate of stabilized microtubules in the presence of kinesins. Surprisingly, we found that both single Kip3 and nondepolymerizing kinesin‐1 transport motors, used as a control, stabilized microtubules further. For Kip3, this behavior is contrary to the collective force‐dependent depolymerization activity of multiple motors. Because of the control measurement, the finding may hint at a more general stabilization mechanism. The complex, concentration‐dependent interaction with microtubule ends provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of kinesin‐8 and its regulatory function of microtubule length.
Wilms tumor with Mulibrey Nanism: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Upasana Karthik , Thakkar Dhwanee , Gautam Dheeraj , Sachdev Manvinder Singh , Yadav Anjali , Kapoor Rohit , Raghunathan Veena , Dhaliwal Maninder Singh , Bhargava Kartikeya , Nair Sandhya , Sharma Jaiprakash , Rastogi Neha , Yadav Satya Prakash 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMulibrey‐Nanism (Muscle‐liver‐brain‐eye Nanism = dwarfism; MUL) is a rare genetic syndrome. The underlying TRIM37 mutation predisposes these children to develop tumors frequently. In the largest published series of MUL, 8% patients were reported to develop Wilms tumor (WT). The published literature lacks data regarding the best treatment protocol and outcome of this cohort of children with WT and MUL. We report here a 2‐year‐old boy with WT and MUL and present a review of literature on WT in MUL.CaseOur patient had associated cardiac problems of atrial septal defect, atrial flutter and an episode of sudden cardiac arrest. We managed him successfully with chemotherapy, surgery and multi‐speciality care. He is alive and in remission at follow‐up of 6 months.ConclusionA total of 14 cases (including present case) of WT have been reported in MUL and treatment details were available for six cases. They were managed primarily with surgery, chemotherapy with/without radiotherapy, and all achieved remission. The outcome data is available only for two cases, one has been followed up till 15 years post treatment for WT and other is our patient.
q‐frame hash comparison based exact string matching algorithms for DNA sequences
Authors: Karcioglu Abdullah Ammar , Bulut Hasan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe importance of string matching is due to its applications in many fields, such as medicine and bioinformatics. Various string matching algorithms are developed to speed up the search. Especially, hash‐based exact string matching algorithms are among the most time‐efficient ones. The efficiency of hash‐based approaches depends on the hash function. Hence, perfect hashing plays an essential role in hash‐based string matching. In this study, two q‐frame hash comparison‐based exact string matching algorithms, Hq‐QF and HqBM‐QF, are proposed. We have used a collision‐free perfect hash function for DNA sequences in the proposed algorithms. In the first approach, after hash values match for the last qcharacters, the character comparisons in the Hash‐q algorithm are replaced with q‐frame hash comparison. In the second approach, we improved the first approach by utilizing the shift size indicated at the th entry in the good suffix shift table. Since the number of character comparisons is minimized, the worst‐case time complexity of the proposed algorithms is . In both approaches, q‐frame hash comparisons replace most character comparisons as a trade‐off. The results show that the proposed approaches are more efficient than the Hash‐q algorithm in terms of runtime efficiency and the number of character comparisons.
A survey on smart parking systems in urban cities
Authors: Zulfiqar Haidar , Ul Haque Hafiz Mahfooz , Tariq Faiza , Khan Rashad Mahmood 
Published: July 2021

SummaryParking vehicles in densely populated areas are often challenging, stressful, and sometimes it becomes a monotonous job for the drivers in jam‐packed areas. There are several reasons for the delay in finding parking spaces such as scarcity of parking slots, disordered or unmanaged parking of vehicles, lacking or unaware of parking information at the destination, which further leads to the wastage of time, fuel, energy and increase in environmental pollution. Literature has revealed a significant number of smart parking solutions based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and context‐awareness with the incorporation of routing strategies and vehicle detection techniques in a pervasive computing environment. With the rapid escalation of the smart and intelligent devices along with their applicability in a highly decentralized environment, real‐time traffic monitoring, and finding parking spaces have become quite trivial. Smart parking sensors and technologies assist drivers in finding vacant parking slots while they are on the way to their destination. Considering the needs, wants, and demands of metropolitan cities, in this article, we have reviewed the recently published articles, mostly from the last 5 years, on smart parking systems augmented with sensors, embedded systems, context‐awareness capability, and IoT which yields in saving time, fuel, energy, and reduces the stress of the drivers. To accomplish this, we have reviewed different models on smart parking solutions based on algorithmic formalisms, theoretical frameworks, formal models, smart device‐based prototypes as well as real‐time applications, and verifying the correctness properties of the system. The results shown may provide a base for the state of the art future research directions.
Genetic progress in grain yield radiation and nitrogen use efficiency of dryland winter wheat in Southwest China since 1965: Progress and prospect for improvements
Authors: Yang Hongkun , Mo Piao , Chen Yufeng , Chen Renhua , Wei Ting , Xie Wei , Xiang Xiaolin , Huang Xiulan , Zheng Ting , Fan Gaoqiong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInvestigations of critical physiological traits associated with the genetic yield gain in wheat (Triticum aestivum) are essential to determine future crop breeding and management strategies. This study grew 32 cultivars released from 1965 to 2017 for two cropping seasons (a dry year, 2016–2017, and a humid year, 2017–2018) to examine yield potential achieved through efficiencies in canopy light interception, solar energy conversion, harvest index (HI), and nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization. Yield gain for wheat (25.0 ± 1.8 kg ha−1 yr−1) resulted from increases in plant biomass, HI, and N utilization efficiency (NUtE). Modern cultivars with an erect canopy and slender flag‐leaves optimized light interception and could achieve higher biomass yield. The introduction of semi‐dwarf genes (Rht‐8) reduced plant height (0.05 yr−1) and improved HI (0.004 yr−1) and NUtE resulting from both increased pre‐anthesis accumulated biomass and plant dry matter mobilization after anthesis. Greater biomass partitioning to spikes resulted in higher fruiting efficiency and grain number. Due to greater tillering capability through increased N uptake efficiency, increased fertile spikes and grain yield were observed. Among these newer cultivars, the rate of yield gain was slow, and yield stability was more affected by accumulative rainfall than diurnal temperature. The future challenge of wheat breeding is to maintain the genetic yield gain without increasing the reliance on chemical fertilizers under an increasingly variable climate.
Proinsulin‐specific T‐cell responses correlate with estimated c‐peptide and predict partial remission duration in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Musthaffa Yassmin , Hamilton‐Williams Emma E , Nel Hendrik J , Bergot Anne‐Sophie , Mehdi Ahmed M , Harris Mark , Thomas Ranjeny 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder in which autoreactive T cells destroy insulin‐producing β‐cells. Interventions that preserve β‐cell function represent a fundamental therapeutic goal in T1D and biomarkers that predict and monitor β‐cell function, and changes in islet autoantigenic signatures are needed. As proinsulin and neoantigens derived from proinsulin peptides (hybrid insulin peptides, HIPs) are important T1D autoantigens, we analysed peripheral blood CD4+ T‐cell autoantigen‐specific proliferative responses and their relationship to estimated β‐cell function.MethodsWe recruited 72 people with and 42 without T1D, including 17 pre‐diabetic islet antibody‐positive and 9 antibody‐negative first‐degree relatives and 16 unrelated healthy controls with T1D‐risk HLA types. We estimated C‐peptide level at 3‐month intervals for 2 years post‐diagnosis and measured CD4+ T‐cell proliferation to proinsulin epitopes and HIPs using an optimised bioassay.ResultsWe show that CD4+ T‐cell proliferation to any islet peptide and to multiple epitopes were significantly more frequent in pre‐diabetic islet antibody‐positive siblings and participants with T1D ≤ 3 months of duration, than in participants with T1D > 3 months or healthy controls. Among participants with T1D and first‐degree relatives, CD4+ T‐cell proliferation occurred most frequently in response to proinsulin33‐63 (full‐length C‐peptide). Proinsulin33‐63‐specific responses were associated with HLA‐DR3‐DQ2 and/or HLA‐DR4/DQ8. In children with T1D, proinsulin33‐63‐specific T‐cell proliferation positively associated with concurrent estimated C‐peptide and predicted survival in honeymoon.ConclusionCD4+ T‐cell proliferative responses to proinsulin‐containing autoantigens are common before and immediately after diagnosis of T1D but decline thereafter. Proinsulin33‐63‐specific CD4+ T‐cell response is a novel marker of estimated residual endogenous β‐cell function and predicts a better 2‐year disease outcome.