bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seedling-stage screening method for tolerance of upland rice genotypes to low pH stress
Authors: Wijayanto T , Susanti Y , Rahni N M , Tufaila M , Rembon F S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One of the causes of generally low upland rice productivity in Indonesia is low fertility and soil pH. The use of genotypes with high yielding capacity and tolerant of acid soils can increase rice productivity. This study aimed to develop an early and efficient selection method, to determine rice genotypes tolerant to low pH. This research was conducted using a seed germination technique on rice paper medium with varied acidity level (pH 6.5, 5.5 and 4.5). Research data on the germination test showed that germination variables: growth uniformity, relative growth rate, vigour index, T50, and root length can be used as early indicators for determining rice genotypes tolerant to low pH. Research data showed that genotype Pae Huko is relatively more tolerant to low pH than the other three tested genotypes. Pae Huko had the highest values for relative growth rate, growth uniformity, vigour index, and T50 of 92.12%, 87%, 73.3, and 1.6 days, respectively. It had also the highest root length of 14.27 cm. The results give an indication that the method can be used as an early screening for determining tolerant rice genotypes to low pH. Further test (glasshouse experiment) is required to confirm the current results.
Deterioration of wood exposed to mangrove ecosystem
Authors: Risnasari I , Batubara R , Nuryawan A , Lubis F A , Firnadi O , Maulana M A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Deterioration of three types of wood, namely meranti wood (Shorea spp.), mahoni wood (Swietenia mahagoni) and damar wood (Agathis dammara) in underwater exposure in the mangrove ecosystem investigated. The wood soaked for six months, at a depth of 1.5 meters and salinity 7.3. After six months identification of organisms that attack wood is carried out. The types of organisms found attacking wood samples are Teredo navalis and Balanus sp. The types of fungi found include Paecilomyces victoriae, Scytalidium lignicola, Aspergillus sp., Penicillium corylophilum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Biporalis australiensis, Absidia sp, Aspergillus niger and Phytophthora cryptogea.
Spatial model of deforestation using Geographic Information System (GIS) and logistic regression in Besitang forest
Authors: Sulistiyono N , Patana P , Susilowati A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The existence of Besitang forests is under threat of deforestation so that its area continues to decline. Besitang forest is part of the Gunung Leuser National Park. Efforts to prevent deforestation need to be carried out with a proper deforestation policy. As a first step, it is crucial to identify the drivers of deforestation. This study aims to obtain information on the drivers of deforestation in Besitang forests from 2000 to 2016. The method used is to do spatial modeling using GIS and binary logistic regression. The results of the research show that elevation factors, distance from settlements, and distance from oil palm plantations are factors that trigger deforestation that occurs in Besitang forests.
Identification of terrestrial fauna biodiversity as an effort to reduce the wildlife conflict in Batang Angkola protected forest
Authors: Sai B , Nasution Z , Wahyuningsih H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The case in the key biodiversity area of Sumatera named Batang Angkola indicate clearly that the trend of deforestation effected to the biodiversity lost within past few years. The objective of this research is to identify the remind wild animal in Batang Angkola Forest, as an effort to reduce the wildlife conflict, the result were significantly showed that protected forest Batang Angkola has some of the list of animals that also apart of IUCN, as tiger, pangoline, sunda pangolin and sun bear. There are 450 animals photos including 21 types of mammals, some animals that registered in the IUCN or International Union or Conservation Nature, as a part of the animals captures by the camera traps in Batang Angkola listed as endangered, endangered and critical endangered, threated and vulnerable. The analysis provides an occurrence probability for respective species, which is a proxy for abundance, that is allowing population trends to be tracked and also a Relative Abundance Indices measure for respective capture species. The high number of endangered and critical species illustrated that the forest contribution to conserving the Sumatera key biodiversity area significantly needed. Many of the wildlife animals are highly sensitive to the forest fragmentation.
The role of notaries in obtaining permits for agricultural land conversion
Authors: Zulfitri  , Sitepu R , Kamello T , Lubis M Y 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One of the government’s efforts to protect productive agricultural land is by regulating Land Use Conversion Permit (LUCP). This permit must be obtained by every citizen wanting to convert agricultural land into non-agricultural land. This study aims at analysing the role of the notary in obtaining LUCP to convert agricultural land into a residential area and its relation to the sustainability of food agricultural lands in Indonesia. This research uses a normative juridical approach. The results show that applying permission to convert agricultural land to non-agricultural land is submitted to the Office of the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (AASP/NLA). The role of a Notary and Land Deed Officer in converting agricultural land to non-agricultural land, as stipulated in the Notary Law, is to provide guidance or counselling on legal matters to any individual in any condition. So, LUCP concerning the conversion of agricultural land is one of the government’s efforts to protect sustainable food agricultural lands. Notaries/LDOs should continuously provide counselling regarding the importance of land use management by complying with the laws and regulations to maintain, control, and protect agricultural land so that the conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural land can be minimized.
Criminal policy in plantation crime in Indonesia
Authors: Renhard H , Syafrudin K , Ediwarman  , Alvi S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is an agricultural country with abundant natural resources. Indonesia has enormous potential for plantation development to realize people’s welfare. Especially in Langkat District as the third largest plantation area in North Sumatera. Seventy percent of Langkat District consists of oil palm plantations. Therefore, the management of plantations must have the principles of sovereignty, sustainability, efficiency. The operation of plantations is in line with the mandate and spirit of Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia that states that the land, water, and natural resources contained therein are controlled by the state and utilized maximally. To protect plantations from harvest thieves, the government issued Law Number 39 of 2014 concerning the Plantation Law. This research method is normative juridical. The results showed that with the enactment of Law Number 39 of 2014 concerning Plantation, there is no criminal sanction if it does not include the value of losses and the applicable law. To protect community oil palm plantations, the criminal justice system must establish criminal policies that support justice and benefit. In conclusion, as a system demands the Criminal Court to carry out criminal policies that prioritize legal objectives.
Control of drug trafficking in plantation state-owned enterprise area to achieve a sustainable development
Authors: Pasaribu W B F , Kalo S , Ablisar M , Suwarto  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Corporate sustainable development emphasizes on increasing economic profits without creating environmental and social damages. This study explores the control of drug trafficking in the plantation Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) or state-owned enterprise (SOE) area to achieve an increasing company profit. The control shall not sacrifice the future generation but can still realize sustainable development. To improve the quality of life and create a conducive environment for plantation SOE, the CSR programs are to support the establishment of a harmonious relationship between the SOE and the surrounding communities by upholding values, norms, and culture. This study applied a normative juridical method. The findings suggest that drug trafficking has now involved the young generation living around the plantation SOE estates. Children, adolescents, and adults in the estates have been exposed to drug trafficking. Moreover, they committed criminal activities such as stealing fresh fruit bunches to buy narcotics. Drug trafficking is one of the inhibiting factors for sustainable development in plantation SOE. In conclusion, the control of drug trafficking to achieve sustainable development can be done with appropriate CSR funding allocation. The fund should be effectively allocated to the drug prevention programs, the counselling to local communities, and the law enforcement.
Law conflict handling of oil palm plantation by government that social justice
Authors: Surbakti A D S , Ediwarman  , Madiasa  , Hamdan M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Plantation land conflicts become a serious problem in Indonesia, especially in Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, the Plantation Law has been established since 2004 and changes were made in 2014, but plantation land conflicts still occur today. The lack of economic levelling is the main factor so that the communities around the plantation work on government land as their land and residence. The aims of this research were to find how handling the law conflict of oil palm plantation in Deli Serdang North Sumatra and find the solution that given by government so the social justice was realized. This research used normative-juridical to people. The conclusions of this study were the number of plantation business conflicts in Deli Serdang illustrates that legal conflicts regarding the cultivation of plantation land have not shown clear consistency, especially the role and function of the government in handling plantation business conflicts to provide social justice for all people; the stipulation of the Plantation Law basically brought about fundamental changes in plantation management in Indonesia. In the substance of the Act, it has not comprehensively regulated the handling of plantation business conflicts. The Government’s efforts to handle plantation business conflicts Litigation and Non Litigation.
Repercussions of agricultural land conversion policy on food security in Indonesia
Authors: Gultom O B , Ginting B , Lubis M Y , Azwar T K D , Pasaribu M P J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The state guarantees sufficient food for every citizen as regulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Food availability is highly dependent on the existence of sustainable food agricultural lands. The conversion is the cause of food agricultural land decrease. Unmet food needs will then affect national food security. The problem in this research is the effect of granting permits for the conversion of productive agricultural land into residential land and its relation to food security in Indonesia. This legal research uses a normative juridical approach. Data was collected through a literature review and analyzed qualitatively. The results show that agricultural land is decreasing every year due to its conversion into residential and infrastructural lands for the public interest. In the end, with insufficient food needs, national food security is diminished. In conclusion, permits to convert sustainable food agricultural lands should only be given on the condition. The recommendation of this research is for the regional government, the Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ASP/NLA), and Notary/Land Deed Official to work collaboratively in providing information on the impact of agricultural land conversion on the sustainability of food availability.
What is the priority pattern for replanting the independent smallholders oil palm in Jambi Province?
Authors: Yanita M , Napitupulu D , Alamsyah Z , Ernawati H D , Elwamendri  , Fauzia G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oil palm has become one of the most important sources of national income in Indonesia’s economic system. Jambi Province contributed 5.87 percent of palm oil to national production, with 8.54 percent of the national land area, that supplies 57 Palm Oil factories (PKS) in Jambi Province. From an area of 791,025 hectares of oil palm, 66.66 percent was cultivated by smallholders. However, the independent smallholder has constraints replanting the old or damaged tree from the financial side, technical and social, and institutional. In terms of that condition, it is essential to analyse the priority pattern for replanting the independent smallholder’s oil palm in Jambi Province. Research carried on eight districts in Jambi Province. Focus Group Discussion held to collect the data from experts purposively and analysed it by Analytical Hierarchy Processes (AHP). The result showed that independent smallholders should prioritize the partnership pattern and the independent pattern with institutional replanting in Jambi Province. It is expected to become oil palm plantation institutions and increase the income and yield of independent smallholder fresh fruit bunch.
The effect of climate change to palm oil price dynamics: a supply and demand model
Authors: Oktarina S D , Nurkhoiry R , Pradiko I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The climate change may lead to anomaly in hydrological cycle. Climatic disturbance in precipitation or rainfall rate will turn to impact oil palm production. The low precipitation due to erratic rainfall will affect sex differentiation, abort female inflorescence, and subsequently decrease oil palm yield. On a larger scale, the peculiar yield trend will fluctuate oil palm supply and thus impact the crude palm oil (CPO) price. This study was aimed to assess the impact of climate change on palm oil price dynamics and to anticipate its adverse effect faced by the vulnerable smallholder in Indonesia. The system of equations was estimated by employing simultaneous equation model. The simulations were set to generate the forecasts from 2018 to 2050 using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. A time series data ranging from 1980 to 2018 of CPO yield, oil palm mature areas, stock changes, export, as well as monthly rainfall rate were taken into account. The simulation revealed that the climate change in terms of fluctuating rainfall would cause unfavourable palm oil price level that eventually would exacerbate smallholder welfare.
Radiosensitivity and effect of gamma ray irradiation on upland rice CV. Sidikalang
Authors: Naibaho D , Purba E , Hanafiah D S , Hasibuan S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Improvement efforts to obtain high yield and adaptive varieties can be carried out through plant breeding programs. The success of irradiation in increasing population diversity is determined by plant radiosensitivity. Radiosensitivity aimed to determine a dose that caused plant death (lethal dose) or growth inhibition of 50% of the irradiated population (LD-50). The seeds of rice CV. Sidikalang was irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 Gy. The results showed that the value of Lethal Dose (LD-50) on the percentage of germination is 586.446 Gy and the gamma ray irradiation treatment gave different responses to plant height.
Cookies from composite flour and starch (mocaf, breadfruit flour, orange sweet potato flour, breadfruit starch and orange sweet potato starch)
Authors: Siahaan R A , Nurminah M , Lubis Z 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The physicochemical and sensory characteristics of cookies produced from mocaf, breadfruit flour, orange sweet potato flour, breadfruit starch and orange sweet potato starch, with several ratio were studied by us. Using non factorial completely randomized design with six controls (100% wheat flour, 100% mocaf (control 2); 100% breadfruit flour (control 3); 100% orange sweet potato flour (control 4); 100% breadfruit starch (control 5); and 100% orange sweet potato starch (control 6) and seven comparations of mocaf (M): breadfruit flour (BF): orange sweet potato flour (OF): breadfruit starch (BS): orange sweet potato starch (OS). The results showed that cookies with the best quality was cookies from the mocaf ratio: breadfruit flour: orange sweet potato flour: breadfruit starch: orange sweet potato starch 70:10:10:5:5.
Physicochemical characteristics and sensory muffins from mocaf, orange sweet potato flour, breadfruit flour, orange sweet potato starch, and breadfruit starch
Authors: Fahlevi M R , Nurminah M , Nainggolan R J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of muffins produced from mocaf, orange sweet potato flour, breadfruit flour, orange sweet potato starch, and breadfruit starch with various comparisons. A non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) was used to make muffin from formulation of mocaf, orange sweet potato flour, breadfruit flour, orange sweet potato starch, and breadfruit starch (P) with ratio of 70%:15%:5%:5%:5%, 60%:20%:10%:5%:5%, 50%:25%:15%:5%:5%, 40%:30%:20%:5%:5%,30%:35%:25%:5%:5%,20%:40%:30%:5%:5%,10%:45%:35%:5%:5% and 100% wheat flour (control) which showed a very significant effect on the L value (brightness), ash content, protein content, crude fibre content, organoleptic colour, aroma, taste, and texture. The best quality muffin produced from the composite flour 50% mocaf, 25% orange sweet potato flour, 15% breadfruit flour, 5% orange sweet potato starch and 5% breadfruit starch.
Improvement of the composition value of commercial fish feeds with additional waste of torpedo scad fish scales, water hyacinth, and taro leaves
Authors: Azhari  , Nasution T I , Hilman A , Ritonga S I , Pangestu I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Waste material has a lot of nutrients needed so that it can reduce the price of fish feed. Waste that can be used includes the scales of Torpedo Scad fish (Megalapsis cordyla), taro leaves (Colocasia esculenta), and water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes). This research was conducted to obtain the correct composition of the three wastes in influencing the physical properties and composition values of commercial fish feed. Composition values tested include levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash content, and water content. This research method begins by refining the commercial pellets, fish scales of Torpedo Scad, taro leaves, and water hyacinth then filtering them with a 125 mesh sieve. After that, mix the ingredients in the ratio A1 A2 and A3. After that, test the composition value of each comparison. The results of this study indicated that the addition of Torpedo Scad fish scales, taro leaves, and water hyacinth were significantly different (P <0.05) on protein and carbohydrate content and fish feed pellets that had been made. It can be excluded that the addition of the waste scales of Torpedo Scad fish, taro leaves, and water hyacinth has an influence on the composition of protein and carbohydrates from fish pellets.
Physical characteristics of Gayo arabica coffee with semi-washed processing
Authors: Sinaga Sherly H , Julianti E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Gayo, Aceh, Sumatera Island that are famous for producing coffee with distinctive characteristics due to the unique geographical condition and climate. The objective of this study was to determine physical quality of Gayo Green Coffee Bean using Indonesia Semi-Washed Processing Method compare to Full-Washed Processing Method (traditional method). Result showed that green bean had lower moisture content due to over exposure while drying. Green coffee bean was produced in small batch (10kg of coffee cherries) that it made it easier to control over production condition which resulting in lower triage percentage and defect point. Colour and aroma of green coffee bean also indicated good result of processing which is bluish-green colour and pleasant aroma of fresh grass and sweet sugar cane aroma. Compare to full washed, semi-washed had more triage and defect point due to some processing steps which could be improved by more controlled processing steps or sortation on ready to stored green bean.
Functional characteristics of starch from red ginger, elephant ginger, emprit ginger and curcuma
Authors: Arini T , Yusraini E , Ridwansyah  , Lubis Z 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the functional characteristics of ginger starch which consisted of three varieties, namely red ginger, elephant ginger, emprit ginger and curcuma starch. The analysis was performed using a factorial randomized block design. The results showed that each type of starch had different functional characteristics. Based on the research results, it was found that curcuma starch had the highest water absorption capacity, swelling power and solubility values.
The use of konjac flour as gelatine substitution in making panna cotta
Authors: Karo F Y E B , Sinaga H , Karo T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The panna cotta is one of the Italian desserts served cold. The row materials for this dessert are cream and milk that are cooked with other ingredients such as sugar and gelatine. The characteristics of panna cotta resemble pudding, but the gel nature of this dessert is softer and can melt in the mouth when eaten. This study was purposed to determine the quality characteristics of panna cotta after the use of konjac flour (Amorphophallus konjac) as the substitution of gelatine. This research was conducted using a non factorial completely randomized design with 4 replications, with konjac substitution to gelatine were 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0%. Based on the tests carried out, it was found that the substitution of konjac flour to gelatine had a very significant effect on texture, vitamin C levels, and syneresis. The resulting panna cotta of texture ranges from 0.2751 mm/g to 0.2870 mm / g. The resulting panna cotta of vitamin C levels ranges from 8.3745 mg/100g to 11.5922 mg/100g. The resulting panna cotta of syneresis ranges from 6.4199% to 4.2715%. In addition, the substitution had no significant effect on the colour (°Hue), pH value, and organoleptic (colour, flavour, taste, and texture).
Analysis of the fishing season pattern of mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) using purse seine fishing gear at the Belawan Ocean Fishing Port, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Fadhilah A , Pratiwi M , Harahap Z A , Susetya I E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The fishery potential of mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) in the Malacca Strait has a high value. The fishermen at the Belawan Ocean Fishing Port mostly get the mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) in their fishing activity. This study aims to determine the pattern of fishing season for mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) at the Samudera Belawan Fishing Port. Secondary data analysis used the model Schaefer and the Fishing Season Index (FSI) for the last five years. The catching season is in January, March, May, June, August, and November. The peak season for mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) occurs in November (transitional season II) with an FSI value of 116.49% and the lowest in February (the west season) with an FSI value of 89.35%.