bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Profile and Pharmacological Aspects of Achyranthes aspera Linn- An Overview
Authors: Nargatti Prakash , Patil Sudhir , Wadkar Kiran 
Published: July 2021

Background: Achyranthes asperaLinn, commonly known as Apamarga in Ayurveda (Prickly Chaff flower in English, Aghara in Hindi, Aghada in Marathi), is aannual, perennial herb that belong to Family Amaranthaceae and Genus Achyranthes consisting of several species which are popular as folk remedies. Certain ayurvedic and Unani practitioners use various parts of plant to treat various diseases.The present review aims to provide up-to-date information on different aspects of plant involving its botanical description, phytochemistry and bioactivities of different extractsto assess its therapeutic potential as a valuable source of natural compounds with beneficial effects on human health.
Methodology: Systematic search of scientific databases like Google, Google scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, SciFinder, Springer link were used to find potentially significant scientific research and reports of Achyranthes asperaLinnusing combination of relevant keywords.
Results: Achyranthes aspera Linn is a popular folk remedy in the traditional medicinal system in all tropical Asian and African countries. So far,58 important compounds have been isolated and identified from various parts of plant. These isolated constituents are mainly flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, phytosterols; phenolic compounds etc which posseses activities like anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, spermicidal and other various important medicinal properties.
Conclusion: Even though this plant consists of a wide range of phytochemicals and evaluated forbiological activities using various in-vitro and in-vivo models but they are limited. More attention should be paid to identify mechanisms that underlie beneficial therapeutic potential.It is essential to conduct the next level of research, by extending pharmacological to design novel drugs.
Puzzle Out the Reason behind Prolonged Hospital Stay among Children
Authors: Shaikh Bela , Ghoto Samina , Khilji Abdullah , Khan Muhammad , Mughal Faizah , Kazmi Tayyaba 
Published: July 2021

Aim: To find out the reasons behind prolonged hospital stay among children.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at the People university of medical and health sciences hospital during the period of November 2020 to April 2021.
Methodology: All the children between the age group of 1 year to 12 years, who were admitted in pediatric ward of the hospital for any reason, were included in the study. Prolonged hospital stay was labelled when it exceeded above 7 days. A self-designed proforma was made which consisted of demographic data, total duration of stay and the most probable cause of stay. Data was analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant
Results: The mean age of the study participants with standard deviation was 6.8 ± 2.3 years. Half of the participants (50.9%) admitted in hospital for prolonged duration were from the age group of ≤ 5 years. About 55.7% of the participants were female and majority were from the lower socioeconomic class (53.8%) Mean and standard deviation of duration of hospital stay was 11.85 ± 2.29. In majority of cases (n=80) there was delay in consulting a physician which was followed by resistant to the therapy and acquiring nosocomial infection while very few of the cases were having some invasive procedure done so increased duration of stay.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the younger age group that is less than 5 years is the most significant risk factor while the most common reason is the delayed consultation to the physician.
True Umbilical Cord Knot Leading to Fetal Distress – an Obstetric Emergency
Authors: Patel Twisha , Pajai Sandhya 
Published: July 2021

Background: Umbilical cord true knot is a rare condition which affects about 1% of all pregnancies. Though the incidence is lower, it often goes undetected in antenatal period despite the availability of prenatal sonography and may lead to a compromised fetal outcome as presented in this case. In this case the presence of true knot of umbilical cord was missed despite routine sonography done just 1 week prior to delivery, when patient presented to casualty with complains of decreased fetal movements since 24 hours. This modality is said to be associated with adverse fetal outcome such as birth asphyxia or in adverse cases intra uterine fetal demise. Risk factors include long cord, polyhydramnios, small sized fetus, etc.
Case Summary: 27 years old gravida two, para two, with 1 live issue with k/c/o hypothyroidism with previous lesions came with complaints of decreased fetal movement since 24 hours at 36 weeks 3 days of gestational period. The patient recorded regular ANC checkups and routine investigations within normal limits. Her USG scan done at 34.2 wks showing single loop of cord around neck and normal doppler findings. On examination her vitals were normal .Her abdominal examination showed uterus of 34 wks size, longitudinal lie, cephalic presentation and irritable with mild contractions present with scar tenderness . Her FHS were present/irregular/112 bpm with less variability. On p/v examination os was admitting tip of finger, cervix soft, 25% effaced, station high up, presenting part vertex, membrane present. She was advised admission and a cardio-tocography (CTG) was done which showed recurrent deep atypical variable decelerations with decreased beat to beat variability. An emergent cesarean section was taken. Newborn was a female diagnosed with true umbilical cord knot, 2 cm away from fetal insertion with cord length of 84 cm. The baby was shifted to NICU in view of respiratory distress.
Conclusion: Despite of modern day ultrasonography and Doppler studies, true umbilical cord knot still remains a lesser diagnosed entity and so every pregnant patients should be monitored carefully with a watch for daily fetal movement count (DFMC)and weekly non stress test (NST) for fetal well being.
Reasons for undergoing amyloid imaging among cognitively unimpaired older adults
Authors: Ryan Mary M. , Gillen Daniel L. , Grill Joshua D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesPreclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trials screen cognitively unimpaired older adults for biomarker criteria and disclose their results. We examined whether participants in the Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer’s disease Study with “elevated” and “not elevated” amyloid differed in scores on the “Views and Perceptions of Amyloid Imaging” questionnaire. We hypothesized that, prior to disclosure, those with elevated amyloid would score higher than those with not elevated amyloid. We also quantified how responses changed after result disclosure.MethodsWe assessed data from 4327 individuals who completed the questionnaire at screening visit 1 and after amyloid disclosure. We used linear regression models to assess the relationship between questionnaire category scores and amyloid status. We also quantified the relationship between category score changes and amyloid status.ResultsOverall, participants scored altruism and contribution to research as the strongest motivations for undergoing amyloid imaging. Those with elevated amyloid scored 0.23 points higher in the Perceived Risk category, on average, than those who had not elevated amyloid prior to disclosure; this effect attenuated towards zero after adjusting for Cognitive Function Instrument score. After disclosure, participants with elevated amyloid demonstrated less within‐subject change in Perceived Risk, on average, compared to those with similar pre‐disclosure scores who had not elevated amyloid, while demonstrating greater changes in the altruism and planning categories.InterpretationAltruism and learning disease risk motivated enrollment in this preclinical AD trial. Participants with elevated amyloid differed from their not elevated counterparts in their perceptions of amyloid imaging, even before undergoing the procedure.
On the Catalytic Activity of Sn Monomers and Dimers at Graphene Edges and the Synchronized Edge Dependence of Diffusing Atoms in Sn Dimers
Authors: Yang Xiaoqin , Ta Huy Q. , Hu Huimin , Liu Shuyuan , Liu Yu , Bachmatiuk Alicja , Luo Jinping , Liu Lijun , Choi Jin‐Ho , Rummeli Mark H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, in situ transmission electron microscopy is performed to study the interaction between single (monomer) and paired (dimer) Sn atoms at graphene edges. The results reveal that a single Sn atom can catalyze both the growth and etching of graphene by the addition and removal of C atoms respectively. Additionally, the frequencies of the energetically favorable configurations of an Sn atom at a graphene edge, calculated using density functional theory calculations, are compared with experimental observations and are found to be in good agreement. The remarkable dynamic processes of binary atoms (dimers) are also investigated and is the first such study to the best of the knowledge. Dimer diffusion along the graphene edges depends on the graphene edge termination. Atom pairs (dimers) involving an armchair configuration tend to diffuse with a synchronized shuffling (step‐wise shift) action, while dimer diffusion at zigzag edge terminations show a strong propensity to collapse the dimer with each atom diffusing in opposite directions (monomer formation). Moreover, the data reveals the role of C feedstock availability on the choice a single Sn atom makes in terms of graphene growth or etching. This study advances the understanding single atom catalytic activity at graphene edges.
Real‐time Tracking and Sensing of Cu+ and Cu2+ with a Single SERS Probe in the Live Brain: Toward Understanding Why Copper Ions Were Increased upon Ischemia
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Liu Zhichao , Wang Weikang , Tian Yang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe imbalance of Cu+ and Cu2+ in the brain is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases. However, it still lacks of effective analytical methods for simultaneously determining the concentrations of Cu+ and Cu2+. Herein, we created a novel SERS probe (CuSP) to real‐time track and accurately quantify extracellular concentrations of Cu+ and Cu2+ in the live brain. The present CuSP probe demonstrated specific ability for recognition of Cu+ and Cu2+ in a dual‐recognition mode. Then, a microarray consisting of 8 CuSP probes with high tempo‐spatial resolution and good accuracy was constructed for tracking and simultaneously biosensing of Cu+ and Cu2+ in the cerebral cortex of living brain. Using our powerful tool, it was found that that the concentrations of Cu2+ and Cu+ were increased by ≈4.26 and ≈1.80 times upon ischemia, respectively. Three routes were first discovered for understanding the mechanisms of the increased concentrations of Cu+ and Cu2+ during ischemia.
Synthesis of carbonates from CO2 and epoxides catalyzed by the system of N‐heterocyclic carbene, hydrogen bond donor, CrCl2, and tetrabutylammonium bromide
Authors: Zhang Kuikui , Liu Zhenbang , Liu Ning 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA three‐component catalytic system including pyridine‐bridged benzimidazolium salts, CrCl2, and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) was developed. Based on the control experiments and spectroscopic measurements, the role of the three components in the catalytic process was clarified, in which benzimidazolium salts were used as N‐heterocyclic carbene precursor, a new Cr complex generating from the coordination of CrCl2 with pyridine nitrogen and pyrazole nitrogen bearing benzimidazolium salts was employed as hydrogen bond donor, TBAB was used as nucleophilic reagent, respectively. Under mild conditions (50°C and 1 bar CO2), the terminal epoxides displayed high reactivity in the three‐component catalytic system. The catalytic system showed also high catalytic activity for the internal epoxides by increasing the temperature and CO2 pressure and/or prolonging the reaction time.
Sustainability‐guided life‐cycle design and assessment for bio‐based composite foams: Integrate flame retardancy/lightweight in usage and energy utilization after service
Authors: Yue Junfeng , Fu Xuejiao , Lu Jun , Zhang Shuidong , Li Dong , He Yi , Wei Quan , Liu Changhua , Gan Lin , Ahmad Ishak , Huang Jin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSustainable development strategy has aroused a great interest in biomass resources as alternative raw materials. A kind of biomass‐derived poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), has been developed as porous foams to reduce resource exhaustion and meet lightweight demands. For fire‐safety in‐service, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) to combine flame‐retardant elements and heat‐barrier function. Hence, a very low loading level of P‐containing GO as only 5 wt% could reduce peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of PBS‐based foams by 58.5% and 22.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, N‐/P‐doped mesoporous char with a specific surface area of 136 m2/g, which derived from combustion of flame‐retardant foaming PBS, contributes to a potential of energy storage applications in the capacitor or the anode of Li‐ion battery with long‐term stability. Overall, the sustainability of bio‐based polyester could integrate lightweight of foaming, and be extended to utilization after use via facile combustion inspired by flame‐retardancy design.
A novel cellulose‐derived carbon aerogel@Na2Ti3O7 composite for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Liu Yu , Chen Yian , Chen Zhishan , Qi Haisong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA scale‐up and sustainable method was developed to fabricate novel photocatalyst cellulose‐derived carbon aerogel@Na2Ti3O7 composite (CAT) by in situ growth of Na2Ti3O7 nanowhisker on the surfaces of fibers. With a three‐dimensional (3D) mesoporous network interconnected structure and a high specific surface area (248.92 m2/g), CAT exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity and methylene blue (MB) removal rate (98.3%). The photocatalytic experimental results showed that the CAT could degrade MB in the aqueous solution within 90 min. Compared with most reported catalysts, CAT exhibited a higher MB removal rate and shorter catalytic time. Therefore, the photocatalyst CAT based on environmentally friendly and low‐cost cellulose displayed great application potential in the degradation of MB.
Facile fabrication of diatomite‐based sponge with high biocompatibility and rapid hemostasis
Authors: Yang He , Ma Zhifang , Guan Xinghua , Xiang Zehong , Ke Yue , Xia Yu , Xin Zhirong , Shi Qiang , Yin Jinghua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExcessive bleeding causes a large part of deaths in wars and accidents. It is necessary to prepare a hemostatic material with excellent performance and low cost through a facile strategy. Herein, the diatomite is modified with (3‐Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) to endow the aminated diatomite (ADia) with positive charge and interface compatibility with chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SA). Then, the facile fabrication of CS/SA/ADia sponge is successfully obtained by cross‐linking with calcium ions. Compared to CS/SA sponge, the introduction of ADia further enhances the mechanical properties and hemostatic performance of CS/SA‐based sponges. The composite sponges with 30 wt% ADia are demonstrated to possess high biocompatibility, compressive strength, water adsorption, and rapid hemostatic capability both in vitro and in vivo. The hemostatic performance is interpreted by activation of coagulation factors and platelets in intrinsic pathway, promotion of blood cell adhesion and formation of fibrin network. Our work provides an effective strategy to develop rapid hemostatic materials with low cost and high efficiency.
Crafting Field Station and Marine Lab Communities for Undergraduate Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Authors: Flowers Susan K. , O’Connell Kari , McDermott Victoria M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractField stations and marine labs (FSMLs) in the United States are predominantly white and often heteronormative and cis‐gendered spaces. As such, it can be difficult for people of color and other minoritized groups to gain access, persist, and succeed as field scientists‐in‐training. While making large‐scale changes in how our FSMLs look and operate can seem daunting, many FSMLs are working on DEAI (diversity, equity, accessibility, and inclusion) initiatives through their undergraduate student programs. We give examples from some of these efforts, and we suggest some concrete, achievable steps that we hope the FSML community will find helpful to enhance the human diversity of FSMLs and craft more inclusive and equitable communities. We call on the FSML community at large to collaborate and support each other in this work.
Quantification of field‐incurred residues of cyantraniliprole and IN‐J9Z38 in cabbage/soil using QuEChERS/HPLC‐PDA and dietary risk assessment
Authors: Kumar Niranjan , Narayanan Neethu , Banerjee Tirthankar , Sharma Rakesh Kumar , Gupta Suman 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCyantraniliprole is an anthranilic diamide insecticide used for the effective management of diamondback moth in cabbage. Dietary risk assessment of pesticides in food is a major concern now. This study developed a QuEChERS/HPLC‐PDA‐based highly efficient and reliable method, registering 89.80–100.11% recoveries of cyantraniliprole and its metabolite IN‐J9Z38 from cabbage and soil with a relative standard deviation of 0.43–5.77%. Field experiment was conducted to study the residue dissipation of cyantraniliprole in cabbage and soil. Two foliar treatments of 10.26% formulation (Benevia) at 60 (T1) and 120 (T2) gram active ingredient/hectare were applied. The dissipation half‐lives of cyantraniliprole in cabbage and soil were determined to be 3.5–4.2 and 3.8–5.3 days at T1 and 3.9–4.8 and 4.1–4.7 days at T2, respectively. The maximum concentrations of IN‐J9Z38 at T1 and T2 were 0.819 and 1.061 mg/kg, respectively, on the fifth day. A risk quotient value of <1 indicates no dietary risk to the consumers. The residues in the harvested cabbage were below the tolerance level of 2.0 mg/kg established by the regulatory body in India.
Future perspectives on the role of extended producer responsibility within a circular economy: A Delphi study using the case of the Netherlands
Authors: Campbell‐Johnston Kieran , de Munck Maurits , Vermeulen Walter J. V. , Backes Chris 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExtended producer responsibility (EPR) is a proposed policy approach to promoting the circular economy (CE) within the European Union. This research used a policy Delphi to explore perspectives on improving EPR policies to further contribute to the CE goals of the Netherlands. Both the potential improvement and critical reflections discussed by CE and EPR experts and practitioners from this study contribute to a more detailed understanding of the future governance of CE practices. We present various activities to improve EPR and insights from Delphi participants that emerged from the study. This paper shows that whilst actors agree, in essence, that there is a need for modifying EPR, what the specific changes to the form are and to whom the new responsibilities apply is contested.
Hemodynamic changes during transcatheter atrial septal defect closure predict midterm heart failure deterioration in adults
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Shinke Toshiro , Otake Hiromasa , Terashita Daisuke , Nagasawa Akira , Tanimura Kousuke , Matsumoto Kensuke , Tanaka Hidekazu , Hirata Ken‐ichi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate whether hemodynamic changes during balloon occlusion test (BOT) predict future heart failure (HF) deterioration after transcatheter atrial septal defect closure (tASD‐closure).BackgroundMidterm HF deterioration can sometimes occur after tASD‐closure in adults. Whether hemodynamic changes during tASD‐closure can help identify patients at risk is unknown.MethodsThis prospective observational study enrolled 86 consecutive adult patients who underwent tASD‐closure. Hemodynamic parameters, including pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), were measured at baseline, during BOT, and after tASD‐closure. The changes in PCWP during BOT and after tASD‐closure were defined as ΔPCWP (Occ‐Pre) and ΔPCWP (Post‐Pre), respectively. Clinical parameters were evaluated before tASD‐closure and during the 3‐month follow‐up. We assessed the occurrence of HF deterioration (HF requiring hospitalization or additional diuretics) during a 2‐year follow‐up period and categorized patients into HF (+) and HF (−) groups accordingly. The aforementioned parameters were compared between groups.ResultsMidterm HF deterioration occurred in 12 patients (13.9%). Compared to the HF (−) group, the HF (+) group presented a significantly higher ΔPCWP (Occ‐Pre) (9.5 ± 4.4 mmHg vs. 3.0 ± 3.3 mmHg; p < 0.001) and ΔPCWP (Post‐Pre) (4.0 ± 2.8 mmHg vs. 0.6 ± 1.8 mmHg; p = 0.004). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the ΔPCWP (Occ‐Pre) cutoff value of 5.5 mmHg had excellent ability to predict HF deterioration (Area under the curve 0.886 [0.779–0.993], p < 0.001; sensitivity 0.917, specificity 0.824).ConclusionsIncreases in PCWP during BOT predict midterm HF deterioration after tASD‐closure. Close surveillance may be needed in patients with a ΔPCWP (Occ‐Pre) >5 mmHg.
Mid‐term outcomes of the Pulsta transcatheter pulmonary valve for the native right ventricular outflow tract
Authors: Lee Sang‐Yun , Kim Gi Beom , Kim Seong‐Ho , Jang So‐Ick , Choi Jae Young , Kang I. Seok , Kim Young‐Hwue 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to present the mid‐term outcomes of Pulsta valve.BackgroundThe Pulsta valve is a Self‐expandable knitted nitinol‐wire stent mounted with a treated tri‐leaflet α‐Gal‐free porcine pericardial valve for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) in patients with native right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) lesions.MethodsA multi‐center clinical trial using Pulsta valve® was designed for patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR) in the native RVOT in multiple centers in South Korea and 25 patients were enrolled. Before PPVI, severe PR (mean PR fraction: 45.5 ± 6.9%) and enlarged RV volume (mean indexed RV end‐diastolic volume; 169.7 ± 13.0 ml/m2) was present. The mean age was 21.6 ± 6.6 years old.ResultsAll patients were successfully implanted with 26, 28, or 32 mm diameter of Pulsta valve loaded on the 18 or 20 French delivery catheters. At 6 months follow up, indexed RV end‐diastolic volume was decreased to 126.9 ± 16.9 ml/m2. At mean 33.1 ± 14.3 months follow‐up, the mean value of mean pressure gradient in Pulsta valve was 6.5 ± 3.0 mmhg without significant PR. There was no serious device‐related adverse event.ConclusionsA multi‐center clinical trial was completed successfully with planned Pulsta valve implantation and demonstrated good mid‐term effectiveness without device‐related serious adverse events.
Chronic pain and opioid analgesic use: A case report
Authors: Quah Michael C. H. , Marney Bethany C. , Cooper Richard J. , Dickson Jon M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRelationship‐based medical care is essential in the management of chronic pain. Opioids are often ineffective and can cause significant harm. However, there is significant time pressure, and there are insufficient resources and guidelines for GPs to be able to offer alternatives, putting the NHS at risk of a growing opioid epidemic.
Lung carcinoma–associated cognitive impairment in a patient with Alzheimer’s disease pathology: A case report
Authors: Takigawa Kiyoto , Takaya Masahiko , Ishii Kazunari , Saigoh Kazumasa , Shirakawa Osamu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology when cognitive impairment is detected tends to be diagnosed with AD. However, before diagnosing, we make an effort to exclude other diseases, for example, carcinoma.