bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriate tension sensitivity of α-catenin ensures rounding morphogenesis of epithelial spheroids
Authors: Nishimura Ryosuke , Kato Kagayaki , Saida Misako , Kamei Yasuhiro , Takeda Masahiro , Miyoshi Hiromi , Yamagata Yutaka , Amano Yu , Yonemura Shigenobu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe adherens junction (AJ) is an actin filament-anchoring junction. It plays a central role in epithelial morphogenesis through cadherin-based recognition and adhesion among cells. The stability and plasticity of AJs are required for the morphogenesis. An actin-binding α-catenin is an essential component of the cadherin-catenin complex and functions as a tension transducer that changes its conformation and induces AJ development in response to tension. Despite much progress in understanding molecular mechanisms of tension sensitivity of α-catenin, its significance on epithelial morphogenesis is still unknown. Here we show that the tension sensitivity of α-catenin is essential for epithelial cells to form round spheroids through proper multicellular rearrangement. Using a novel in vitro suspension culture model, we found that epithelial cells form round spheroids even from rectangular-shaped cell masses with high aspect ratios without using high tension and that hypersensitive mutants affected this morphogenesis. Analyses of AJ formation and cellular tracking during rounding morphogenesis showed cellular rearrangement, probably through AJ remodeling. The rearrangement occurs at the cell mass level, but not single-cell level. Hypersensitive α-catenin mutant-expressing cells did not show cellular rearrangement at the cell mass level, suggesting that proper AJ plasticity requires appropriate tension sensitivity of α-catenin.
Evaluation of 6 MALDI-Matrices for 10 µm lipid imaging and on-tissue MSn with AP-MALDI-Orbitrap
Authors: Angerer Tina B. , Bour Jerome , Biagi Jean-Luc , Moskovets Eugene , Frache Gilles 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a technique uniquely suited to localize and identify lipids in a tissue sample. Using an AP-MALDI UHR source coupled to an Orbitrap Elite, numerous lipid locations and structures can be determined in high mass resolution spectra and at cellular spatial resolution, but careful sample preparation is necessary. We tested 11 protocols on serial brain sections for the commonly used MALDI matrices, CHCA, Norharmane, DHB, DHAP, THAP, and DAN, in combination with tissue washing and matrix additives, to determine the lipid coverage, signal intensity, and spatial resolution achievable with AP-MALDI. In positive ion mode, the most lipids could be detected with CHCA and THAP, while THAP and DAN without additional treatment offered the best signal intensities. In negative ion mode, DAN showed the best lipid coverage and DHAP performed superior for Gangliosides. DHB produced intense cholesterol signals in the white matter. 155 lipids were assigned in positive (THAP), 137 in negative ion mode (DAN) and 76 lipids were identified using on tissue tandem-MS. The spatial resolution achievable with DAN was 10 μm, confirmed with on tissue line-scans. This enabled the association of lipid species to single neurons in AP-MALDI images. The results show that the performance of AP-MALDI is comparable to vacuum MALDI techniques for lipid imaging.Abstract Figure
Non-specific effects of a CINNAMATE-4-HYDROXYLASE inhibitor on auxin homeostasis
Authors: El Houari Ilias , Klíma Petr , Baekelandt Alexandra , Staswick Paul , Uzunova Veselina , Del Genio Charo I. , Steenackers Ward , Dobrev Petre I. , Novák Ondrej , Napier Richard , Petrášek Jan , Inzé Dirk , Boerjan Wout , Vanholme Bartel 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTChemical inhibitors are often implemented for the functional characterization of genes to overcome the limitations associated with genetic approaches. Although being a powerful tool, off-target effects of these inhibitors are easily overlooked in a complex biological setting. Here we illustrate the implications of such secondary effects by focusing on piperonylic acid (PA), an inhibitor of CINNAMATE-4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H) that is often used to investigate the involvement of lignin during plant growth and development. When supplied to plants, we found that PA is recognized as a substrate by GRETCHEN HAGEN 3.6 (GH3.6), an amido synthetase involved in the formation of the auxin catabolite indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-Asp. By competing for the same enzyme, PA interferes with auxin conjugation, resulting in an increase in cellular auxin concentrations. These increased auxin levels likely further contribute to an increase in adventitious rooting previously observed upon PA-treatment. Despite the focus on GH3.6 in this report, PA is conjugated by an array of enzymes and their subsequent reduced activity on native substrates could potentially affect a whole set of physiological processes in the plant. We conclude that surrogate occupation of the endogenous conjugation machinery in the plant by exogenous compounds is likely a more general phenomenon that is rarely considered in pharmacological studies. Our results hereby provide an important basis for future reference in studies using chemical inhibitors.
Binding Affinity Estimation From Restrained Umbrella Sampling Simulations
Authors: Kumar Vivek Govind , Agrawal Shilpi , Suresh Kumar Thallapuranam Krishnaswamy , Moradi Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTThe protein-ligand binding affinity quantifies the binding strength between a protein and its ligand. Computer modeling and simulations can be used to estimate the binding affinity or binding free energy using data- or physics-driven methods or a combination thereof. Here, we discuss a purely physics-based sampling approach based on biased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which in spirit is similar to the stratification strategy suggested previously by Woo and Roux. The proposed methodology uses umbrella sampling (US) simulations with additional restraints based on collective variables such as the orientation of the ligand. The novel extension of this strategy presented here uses a simplified and more general scheme that can be easily tailored for any system of interest. We estimate the binding affinity of human fibroblast growth factor 1 (hFGF1) to heparin hexasaccharide based on the available crystal structure of the complex as the initial model and four different variations of the proposed method to compare against the experimentally determined binding affinity obtained from isothermal calorimetry (ITC) experiments. Our results indicate that enhanced sampling methods that sample along the ligand-protein distance without restraining other degrees of freedom do not perform as well as those with additional restraint. In particular, restraining the orientation of the ligands plays a crucial role in reaching a reasonable estimate for binding affinity. The general framework presented here provides a flexible scheme for designing practical binding free energy estimation methods.
Dynamic analysis of a helical geared rotor-bearing system with composite rotating shafts
Authors: Chen Ying-Chung , Cheng Xu Feng , Choi Siu-Tong 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study aims to study the dynamic characteristics of a helical geared rotor-bearing system with composite material rotating shafts.

Design/methodology/approach
A finite element model of a helical geared rotor-bearing system with composite material rotating shafts is developed, in which the rotating shafts of the system are composed of composite material and modeled as Timoshenko beam; a rigid mass is used to represent the gear and their gyroscopic effect is taken into account; bearings are modeled as linear spring-damper; and the equations of motion are obtained by applying Lagrange’s equation. Natural frequencies, mode description, lateral responses, axial responses, lamination angles, lamination numbers, gear mesh stiffness and bearing damping coefficients are investigated.

Findings
The desired mechanical properties could be constructed using different lamination numbers and fiber included angles by composite rotating shafts. The frequency of the lateral module decreases as the included angle of the fibers and the principal shaft of the composite material rotating shaft increase. Because of the gear mesh stiffness increase, the resonance frequency of the coupling module of the system decreases, the lateral module is not influenced and the steady-state response decreases. The amplitude of the steady-state lateral and axial responses gradually decreases as the bearing damping coefficient increases.

Practical implications
The model of a helical geared rotor-bearing system with composite material rotating shafts is established in this paper. The dynamic characteristics of a helical geared rotor-bearing system with composite rotating shafts are investigated. The numerical results of this study can be used as a reference for subsequent personnel research.

Originality/value
The dynamic characteristics of the geared rotor-bearing system had been reported in some literature. However, the dynamic analysis of a helical geared rotor-bearing system with composite material rotating shafts is still rarely investigated. This paper shows some novel results of lateral and axial response results obtained by different lamination angles and different lamination numbers. In the future, it makes valuable contributions for further development of dynamic analysis of a helical geared rotor-bearing system with composite material rotating shafts.
Structural equation model of the barriers to preliminary and sustained BIM adoption in a developing country
Authors: Olugboyega Oluseye , Windapo Abimbola Olukemi 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the barriers that are constituting significant obstructions to preliminary and sustained BIM adoption in the South African construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach
Implementation Process Theory was used to develop the theoretical model of barriers to continuous and consistent BIM adoption. This enabled the formulation of two hypotheses, the identification of two sub-constructs (barriers to preliminary BIM adoption and barriers to sustained BIM adoption), and five variables (resources, knowledge, work process, organisational and planning barriers), which were validated using structural equation modelling (SEM).

Findings
The SEM results show pieces of evidence that validate the hypotheses in the theoretical model. The path analysis confirms that the two sub-constructs and five variables are statistically significant.

Research limitations/implications
This research extends the postulations on the barriers to BIM adoption by demonstrating that organisational challenges and planning difficulties constitute barriers to sustained BIM adoption in the South African construction industry.

Practical implications
The findings of this research are useful in understanding the planning scope and organisational requirements towards continuous and consistent BIM adoption in the South African construction industry.

Originality/value
The difficulties with BIM adoption are the issues with the performance of BIM on projects and are the major reason for the non-consistent adoption of BIM on projects. Having difficulties adopting BIM on projects suggests that BIM adoption is majorly on a preliminary or trial basis in the developing countries. This research tests this theory by proposing two types of BIM adoption and their associated barriers.
Catch me if you can: effects of AR-enhanced presence on the mobile game experience
Authors: Park Jihye , Ko Dongwoo 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the present research was to examine the effects of content, spatial, temporal and social presences stimulated by augmented reality (AR) technology on game enjoyment and continuing behavioral intention.Design/methodology/approachA total of 355 mobile AR game players participated in an online survey posted via the nationwide crowdsourcing web service in the US. A structural equation modeling was conducted using a maximum-likelihood estimation procedure to test the relationships among the variables.FindingsResults of structural equation modeling revealed the mechanism through which multiple dimensions of presence on the mobile AR game generated positive effects on consumer responses and showed the effects of four dimensions of presence stimulated by the AR technology on game enjoyment, performance and behavioral intention. Content, spatial, temporal and social presences are integrated to create a sense of realness. These dimensions of presence simultaneously increased game enjoyment that influenced the perceived game performance, commitment to it and ultimately the intention to play other mobile AR games.Originality/valueAlthough AR technology brings a unique experience to the game player, research on the effects of its use in mobile games on consumer responses is currently limited. The results of this study add value to the existing mobile game literature and provide practical insights for mobile game service providers on how to enhance players’ game enjoyment and continuing behavior.
Designing photovoltaic arrays for groundwater pumping for remote agriculture using synthetically generated daily rainfall and irrigation needs
Authors: Wurthmann Kurt A. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study aims to provide a new method for precisely sizing photovoltaic (PV) arrays for standalone, direct pumping PV Water Pumping (PVWP) systems for irrigation purposes.

Design/methodology/approach
The method uses historical weather data and considers daily variability in regional temperatures and rainfall, crop evapotranspiration rates and seasonality effects, all within a nonparametric bootstrapping approach to synthetically generate daily rainfall and crop irrigation needs. These needs define the required daily supply of pumped water to achieve a user-specified level of reliability, which provides the input to an intuitive approach for PV array sizing. An economic comparison of the costs for the PVWP versus a comparably powered diesel generator system is provided.

Findings
Pumping 22.8646 m³/day of water would meet the pasture crop irrigation needs on a one-acre (4046.78 m²) tract of land in South Florida, with 99.9% reliability. Given the specified assumptions, an 8.4834 m² PV array, having a peak power of 1.1877 (kW), could provide the 1.2347 (kWh/day) of hydraulic energy needed to supply this volume over a total head of 20 meters. The PVWP system is the low-cost option when diesel prices are above $0.90/liter and total installed PV array costs are fixed at $2.00/Watt peak power or total installed PV array costs are below $1.50/Watt peak power and diesel prices are fixed at $0.65/liter.

Originality/value
Because the approach is not dependent on the shapes of the sampling distributions for regional climate factors and can be adapted to consider different types of crops, it is highly portable and applicable for precisely determining array sizes for standalone, direct pumping PVWP systems for irrigating diverse crop types in diverse regions.
Invertebrate methylomes provide insight into mechanisms of environmental tolerance and reveal methodological biases
Authors: Trigg Shelly A. , Venkataraman Yaamini R. , Gavery Mackenzie R. , Roberts Steven B. , Bhattacharya Debashish , Downey‐Wall Alan , Eirin‐Lopez Jose M. , Johnson Kevin M. , Lotterhos Katie E. , Puritz Jonathan B. , Putnam Hollie M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere is a growing focus on the role of DNA methylation in the ability of marine invertebrates to rapidly respond to changing environmental factors and anthropogenic impacts. However, genome‐wide DNA methylation studies in nonmodel organisms are currently hampered by a limited understanding of methodological biases. Here, we compare three methods for quantifying DNA methylation at single base‐pair resolution—whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), and methyl‐CpG binding domain bisulfite sequencing (MBDBS)—using multiple individuals from two reef‐building coral species with contrasting environmental sensitivity. All methods reveal substantially greater methylation in Montipora capitata (11.4%) than the more sensitive Pocillopora acuta (2.9%). The majority of CpG methylation in both species occurs in gene bodies and flanking regions. In both species, MBDBS has the greatest capacity for detecting CpGs in coding regions at our sequencing depth, but MBDBS may be influenced by intrasample methylation heterogeneity. RRBS yields robust information for specific loci albeit without enrichment of any particular genome feature and with significantly reduced genome coverage. Relative genome size strongly influences the number and location of CpGs detected by each method when sequencing depth is limited, illuminating nuances in cross‐species comparisons. As genome‐wide methylation differences, supported by data across bisulfite sequencing methods, may contribute to environmental sensitivity phenotypes in critical marine invertebrate taxa, these data provide a genomic resource for investigating the functional role of DNA methylation in environmental tolerance.
Changes in oral corticosteroid use in asthma treatment—A 20‐year Danish nationwide drug utilisation study
Authors: Skov Inge Raadal , Henriksen Daniel Pilsgaard , Madsen Hanne , Pottegård Anton , Davidsen Jesper Rømhild 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOral corticosteroids (OCS) are used in asthma management but can cause serious adverse effects. We aimed to investigate the usage trends in a nationwide asthma cohort in Denmark from 1999 to 2018. Using national registers, we identified young adults (18–45 years) with two or more asthma drug collections within 12 months since the age of 15 years as indicative of active asthma. OCS exposure level was stratified as high use (≥5 mg prednisolone/day/year) and low use (<5 mg/day/year). Lorenz curves were computed to illustrate potential skewness of consumption among the OCS users. We identified 318 950 individuals with a median age of 29 years (IQR 20–38 years) whereof 57% were women. The 1‐year prevalence of OCS users was stable at 4.8% (median, IQR 4.7%–4.8%), but with nearly 40% decrease in high‐users from 0.54% in 1999 to 0.33% in 2018. The median annual exposure decreased from 500 mg/year (1999) to 250 mg/year (2018). We found a substantial skewness in the distribution of OCS usage with 10% of users accounting for almost 50% of all OCS use. The prevalence of OCS users among young adults with active asthma has been relatively stable from 1999 to 2018, but with a decreasing prevalence of high‐users and annual consumption.
Challenges and Issues Confronting Sri Lanka in Museum Tourism Development
Authors: Sandaruwani Rudmi C. , Gnanapala Athula C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCultural tourism has emerged as a growing sector of the global tourism industry. Theme‐based museums have evolved as important partners in this burgeoning sector of the national economy. However, the statistics recorded only 29% of foreign tourists visiting museums during their visits to Sri Lanka in 2018–2019. This research identifies the prevailing challenges and issues museums face in developing museum tourism as a part of the national tourism strategy. This study has been narrowed down into the cluster of museums administered by the Department of National Museums of Sri Lanka as it is the major governmental body responsible for maintaining the national museums. The researcher conducted 18 semi‐structured interviews with administrative positions in the Department of National Museums (DNM) and Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) in order to collect qualitative data during the study period of January to July 2019. Findings revealed the key challenges and issues as limited visitor facilities, funding barriers, structural barriers, emerging technologies, location and access barriers, limited collection, and unpublished competition in diversifying museum tourism experience in Sri Lanka. Finally, the researchers summarize the paper with a set of recommendations that may be useful for museum practitioners facing similar challenges.
Business representation in an autocratic regime: Tariff policy and exchange committees in late Tsarist Russia
Authors: Chuchko Marina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStudies on the role of interest groups in the formation of public policy are generally focused on those in democratic countries. However, the emerging literature on interest groups in autocratic regimes suggests that business in such states is actively involved in policy formation. On the basis of the first dataset on the 1891 tariff reform in the Russian Empire, this study carries out an empirical examination of the role of business in policymaking in one of the most autocratic states in history. Dominance analysis is used to estimate the contribution of participants to tariff reform. The results show that while the state had an overriding influence on tariff formation, the contribution of business representatives is noteworthy. The addition of business associations to the model explaining tariff changes leads to an increase in the explained variance of the model by about seven percentage points. Additional regression analysis confirms that the success of lobbying depended on the homogeneity of the proposals presented by regional business associations.
A gene–environment interplay between omega‐3 supplementation and APOE ε4 provides insights for Alzheimer’s disease precise prevention amongst high‐genetic‐risk population
Authors: Li Lin , Xu Wei , Tan Chen‐Chen , Cao Xi‐Peng , Wei Bao‐Zhen , Dong Cheng‐Wen , Tan Lan ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe present study aimed to explore whether and how omega‐3 (ω‐3) supplementation could interact with genetic factors to modulate cognitive functions, amyloid pathologies, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk.MethodsA total of 1,670 non‐demented participants (mean age 73 years, 47% females, 41% APOE ε4 carriers) were followed up for 10 years. Hierarchical regressions, linear mixed‐effects models, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the interaction effects of ω‐3 supplementation with APOE ε4 and polygenic hazard scores, after adjusting for age, gender, education, cognitive diagnosis, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular risk score.ResultsIndividuals who progress to AD during the follow‐up tend to take a shorter duration of ω‐3 at baseline than those stable, for whom the difference remained significant only amongst APOE ε4 carriers (p < 0.01). The interaction term (APOE ε4 × ω‐3) accounted for a significant amount of variance in cognition and cerebral amyloid burden. Long‐term ω‐3 use protected cognition (especially memory function) and lowered amyloid burden and AD risk only amongst APOE ε4 carriers. Mediation analysis suggested that amyloid pathologies, brain reserve capacities, and brain metabolism mediated the relationships of ω‐3 use with memory and global cognition for APOE ε4 (+) carriers. Similar interaction and mediation effects were also indicated amongst high‐risk subjects defined by polygenic hazard scores.ConclusionsLong‐term ω‐3 intake may have a role in AD prevention in genetically at‐risk populations.