bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying the Tremaine–Weinberg Method to Nearby Galaxies: Stellar-mass-based Pattern Speeds and Comparisons with ISM Kinematics
Authors: Williams Thomas G. , Schinnerer Eva , Emsellem Eric , Meidt Sharon , Querejeta Miguel , Belfiore Francesco , Bešlić Ivana , Bigiel Frank , Chevance Mélanie , Dale Daniel A. , Glover Simon C. O. , Grasha Kathryn , Klessen Ralf S. , Diederik Kruijssen J. M. , Leroy Adam K. , Pan Hsi-An , Pety Jérôme , Pessa Ismael , Rosolowsky Erik , Saito Toshiki , Santoro Francesco , Schruba Andreas , Sormani Mattia C. , Sun Jiayi , Watkins Elizabeth J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We apply the Tremaine–Weinberg method to 19 nearby galaxies using stellar mass surface densities and velocities derived from the PHANGS-MUSE survey, to calculate (primarily bar) pattern speeds (ΩP). After quality checks, we find that around half (10) of these stellar-mass-based measurements are reliable. For those galaxies, we find good agreement between our results and previously published pattern speeds, and we use rotation curves to calculate major resonance locations (corotation radii and Lindblad resonances). We also compare these stellar-mass-derived pattern speeds with Hα (from MUSE) and CO(J = 2 − 1) emission from the PHANGS-ALMA survey. We find that in the case of these clumpy interstellar medium (ISM) tracers, this method erroneously gives a signal that is simply the angular frequency at a representative radius set by the distribution of these clumps (Ωclump), and that this Ωclump is significantly different from ΩP (∼20% in the case of Hα, and ∼50% in the case of CO). Thus, we conclude that it is inadvisable to use “pattern speeds” derived from ISM kinematics. Finally, we compare our derived pattern speeds and corotation radii, along with bar properties, to the global parameters of these galaxies. Consistent with previous studies, we find that galaxies with a later Hubble type have a larger ratio of corotation radius to bar length, more molecular-gas-rich galaxies have higher ΩP, and more bulge-dominated galaxies have lower ΩP. Unlike earlier works, however, there are no clear trends between the bar strength and ΩP, nor between the total stellar mass surface density and the pattern speed.
A New Martian Crater Chronology: Implications for Jezero Crater
Authors: Marchi Simone 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Crater chronologies are a fundamental tool to assess the relative and absolute ages of planetary surfaces when direct radiometric dating is not available. Martian crater chronologies are derived from lunar crater spatial densities on terrains with known radiometric ages, and thus they critically depend on the Moon-to-Mars extrapolation. This extrapolation requires knowledge of the time evolution of the impact flux, including contributions from various impactor populations, factors that are not trivially connected to the dynamical evolution of the early Solar System. In this paper, we will present a new Martian crater chronology based on current dynamical models, and consider the main sources of uncertainties (e.g., impactor size–frequency distribution; dynamical models with late and early instabilities, etc.). The resulting “envelope” of Martian crater chronologies significantly differs from previous chronologies. The new Martian crater chronology is discussed using two interesting applications: Jezero crater’s dark terrain (relevant to the NASA Mars 2020 mission) and the southern heavily cratered highlands. Our results indicate that Jezero’s dark terrain may have formed ∼3.1 Ga, i.e., up to 0.5 Gyr older than previously thought. In addition, available crater chronologies (including our own) overestimate the number of craters larger than 150 km on the southern highlands, suggesting either that large craters have been efficiently erased over Martian history or that dynamical models need further refinement. Further, our chronology constrains the age of Isidis basin to be 4.05–4.2 Ga and that of the Borealis basin to be 4.35–4.40 Ga; these are predictions that can be tested with future sample and return missions.
The Volatile Composition of the Inner Coma of Comet 46P/Wirtanen: Coordinated Observations Using iSHELL at the NASA-IRTF and Keck/NIRSPEC-2
Authors: Roth Nathan X. , Bonev Boncho P. , DiSanti Michael A. , Dello Russo Neil , McKay Adam J. , Gibb Erika L. , Saki Mohammad , Khan Younas , Vervack Ronald J. , Kawakita Hideyo , Cochran Anita L. , Biver Nicolas , Cordiner Martin A. , Crovisier Jacques , Jehin Emmanuël , Weaver Harold 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The 2018 perihelion passage of comet 46P/Wirtanen afforded an opportunity to measure the abundances and spatial distributions of coma volatiles in a Jupiter-family comet with exceptional spatial resolution for several weeks surrounding its closest approach to Earth (Δmin ∼0.078 au on UT December 16). We conducted near-infrared spectroscopic observations of 46P/Wirtanen using iSHELL at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on UT 2018 December 18 in direct coordination with observations using the newly upgraded NIRSPEC-2 instrument at the W. M. Keck Observatory, and securely detected fluorescent emission from CH3OH, C2H6, and H2O. This coordinated campaign utilizing the two premier near-infrared facilities in the northern hemisphere enabled us to sample distinct projections of the coma into the plane of the sky simultaneously, and provided an unprecedented view into the inner coma of 46P/Wirtanen near closest approach. We report rotational temperatures, production rates, and abundance ratios (i.e., mixing ratios) for all sampled species and compare our iSHELL results to simultaneous (or near-simultaneous) measurements taken with NIRSPEC-2. We demonstrate the extraordinary synergy of coordinated measurements using iSHELL and NIRSPEC-2, and advocate for future cometary studies that jointly leverage the capabilities of these two facilities.
On the Capture of Interstellar Objects by Our Solar System
Authors: Napier Kevin J. , Adams Fred C. , Batygin Konstantin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Motivated by recent visits from interstellar comets, along with continuing discoveries of minor bodies in orbit of the Sun, this paper studies the capture of objects on initially hyperbolic orbits by our solar system. Using an ensemble of ∼500 million numerical experiments, this work generalizes previous treatments by calculating the capture cross section as a function of asymptotic speed. The resulting velocity-dependent cross section can then be convolved with any distribution of relative speeds to determine the capture rate for incoming bodies. This convolution is carried out for the usual Maxwellian distribution, as well as the velocity distribution expected for rocky debris ejected from planetary systems. We also construct an analytic description of the capture process that provides an explanation for the functional form of the capture cross section in both the high- and low-velocity limits.
Comparison of Composite Measure Remission Targets in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Farkas Flora , Ikumi Natsumi , Elmamoun Musaab , Szentpetery Agnes , FitzGerald Oliver 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo identify (1) which composite measure is the most stringent target of remission; and (2) which disease component target proves the most difficult to achieve in the different states of minimal disease activity (MDA), Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI), Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA), and clinical DAPSA (cDAPSA) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsThere were 258 patients with PsA recruited. Disease remission was evaluated comparing 4 different composite measures and using remission cutoffs as previously proposed (very low disease activity [VLDA], CPDAI ≤ 2, DAPSA ≤ 4, cDAPSA ≤ 4).ResultsPatients met VLDA criteria (MDA 7/7) in 9.0% of visits, DAPSA remission in 19.8%, cDAPSA remission in 23.4% and CPDAI remission in 30.2%. Of 258 patients, MDA criteria (≥ 5/7) were fulfilled in 46.5%. Of those in MDA, VLDA criteria were reached in 25.0%. Patients met the pain visual analog scale (VAS) target in 57.5% of visits when they were in MDA, 43.3% when in low disease activity (MDA 5–6/7), and 44.8% when in CPDAI remission. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that pain VAS was the least likely target to be achieved. Patients with inflammatory-type back pain had significantly higher pain scores; further, a significant relationship was seen between Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index and pain VAS.ConclusionBased on our analysis, VLDA proved the most stringent target of disease remission in PsA compared to CPDAI, DAPSA, and cDAPSA. The pain VAS target of ≤ 1.5 cm was the most difficult component to achieve. CPDAI ≤ 2 was found to be the least stringent remission target; however, measurements of axial involvement, which contributed to the elevated pain VAS score in patients not achieving VLDA, were included as a domain in CPDAI only.
Risk of Severe COVID-19 Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Bachiller-Corral Javier , Boteanu Alina , Garcia-Villanueva Maria Jesus , de la Puente Carlos , Revenga Marcelino , Diaz-Miguel M. Consuelo , Rodriguez-Garcia Ana , Morell-Hita Jose Luis , Valero Marta , Larena Carmen , Blazquez-Cañamero Maria , Guillen-Astete Carlos A. , Garrote Sandra , Sobrino Cristina , Medina-Quiñones Carmen , Vazquez-Diaz Mónica 
Published: March 2021

Objective.To describe the cohort of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) hospitalized due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Ramón y Cajal Hospital, and to determine the increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with no IRD.Methods.This is a retrospective single-center observational study of patients with IRD actively monitored in the Department of Rheumatology who were hospitalized due to COVID-19.Results.Forty-one (1.8%) out of 2315 patients admitted due to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia suffered from an IRD. The admission OR for patients with IRD was 1.91 against the general population, and it was considerably higher in patients with Sjögren syndrome, vasculitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Twenty-seven patients were receiving treatment for IRD with corticosteroids, 23 with conventional DMARDs, 12 with biologics (7 rituximab [RTX], 4 anti–tumor necrosis factor [anti-TNF], and 1 abatacept), and 1 with Janus kinase inhibitors. Ten deaths were registered among patients with IRD. A higher hospitalization rate and a higher number of deaths were observed in patients treated with RTX (OR 12.9) but not in patients treated with anti-TNF (OR 0.9).Conclusion.Patients with IRD, especially autoimmune diseases and patients treated with RTX, may be at higher risk of severe pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2 compared to the general population. More studies are needed to analyze this association further in order to help manage these patients during the pandemic.
Le temps du catholicisme tridentin s’achèverait-il ? Réflexions sur la « fin d’un monde »
Authors: Dumons Bruno 
Published: March 2021

Depuis plus d’un demi-siècle, les diagnostics posés sur l’avenir du catholicisme français sont des plus alarmants. Ils soulignent en particulier un abandon général de la pratique sacramentelle, de l’assistance régulière à la messe jusqu’à la confirmation et la confession. Parallèlement, s’observe un déclin du jeûne tandis que les processions n’attirent plus guère les fidèles. Certains analystes considèrent que « le catholicisme français est devenu une réalité festive », n’étant plus qu’un folklore du temps passé pour beaucoup de Français. De toutes parts, les pratiques liées à un catholicisme ordinaire et visible se sont effondrées. Une crise profonde s’est installée depuis les années 1960. Pour comprendre cette « crise catholique », il faut peut-être la replacer dans un temps plus long, celui du catholicisme tridentin. En effet, des historiens modernistes avaient émis l’hypothèse que l’éclatement des structures de chrétienté, observé dans le second xx e siècle, correspondait à la fin du « cycle tridentin ». La reprise de cette hypothèse peut aujourd’hui permettre d’offrir une clef de lecture très pertinente sur ce moment de crise du catholicisme contemporain. Le cas français n’est ici qu’un exemple d’un vaste processus de « déconfessionnalisation » à l’échelle européenne et occidentale, qui signifierait davantage un profond renouvellement du christianisme que son extinction.
Du nouveau sur la Commune de Paris à la veille de son cent-cinquantième anniversaire
Authors: Candar Gilles 
Published: March 2021

Ce feuilleton propose une évaluation critique des publications parues en perspective du cent-cinquantième anniversaire de la Commune de Paris (1871). L’étude est volontairement très parcellaire puisque réduite à sept titres, de manière très inégale du reste. Deux livres ponctuent essentiellement ce moment commémoratif, prompt en France à susciter examen et révision historiographique. Le premier est une publication remaniée et très augmentée des actes d’un colloque tenu à Narbonne en 2011, qui tentait de pister les recherches en cours ou à entreprendre sur le sujet. Le second, issu d’une habilitation à diriger des recherches d’un historien nouvellement élu professeur d’université, est assimilable à un modèle d’application de l’histoire globale et connectée à l’événement Commune de Paris. La recherche vivante ne se réduit pas à ces travaux pour fondamentaux qu’ils soient : études locales (Toulouse, Dijon, etc.) et sociales (les sociétés ouvrières, etc.), approches biographiques de militants, grands ou plus obscurs, notamment des actrices du mouvement, sont à prendre en compte et précisent ou nuancent utilement les propositions d’interprétation globales.
Note sur Maimon et sa critique du principe de causalité chez Kant
Authors: Caterina Marinelli Maria 
Published: March 2021

Cet article expose la critique de Maimon du principe kantien de causalité. Pour ce faire, nous considérerons les deux niveaux sur lesquels cette critique se développe, l’un formel et l’autre matériel. Au premier niveau, Maimon soulève trois objections au jugement hypothétique, relativement à son origine, sa fonction et sa modalité. Selon le deuxième, Maimon développe deux objections, dont la première concerne en général la démonstration kantienne de la validité des catégories, tandis que la seconde concerne en particulier celle du principe de causalité. Cela nous permettra de mieux comprendre le sens de ses deux objections fondamentales contre la philosophie kantienne, formulées à travers les questions quid juris ? et quid facti ?
Le différentiel comme l’élément de la raison pure : problèmes et portées de l’infiniment petit chez Maimon
Authors: Santaya Gonzalo 
Published: March 2021

Cet article vise à éclaircir quelques aspects de la théorie maimonienne de l’infiniment petit, exposée dans l’ Essai sur la philosophie transcendantale. Partant de la diversité des sens que Maimon confère à cet infiniment petit, nous analyserons les deux manières dont il envisage les éléments différentiels, sans toujours les expliciter. De fait, la manière de considérer ces éléments change selon qu’on se situe dans l’ordre objectif de la pensée pure ou dans l’ordre subjectif, attaché aux formes de l’intuition (autant a priori qu’ a posteriori ), ordres que Maimon distingue dans son Essai . On reconstruira donc la logique sous-jacente à cette distinction, pour analyser ensuite la portée que Maimon veut donner aux différentiels, eu égard à son programme métaphysique « réductionniste », qui prend ces éléments – en tant qu’objet de purs rapports intellectuels – comme fondement de l’ordre subjectif. On montrera, enfin, les problèmes que pose l’intégration, ainsi que le modèle que Maimon met en place pour établir le passage de l’ordre objectif au subjectif.
Analysis on the Composition of Leukapheresis Product – A Comparison Between MCS+® + and Spectra Optia® Apheresis Equipment
Authors: Murugesan Mohandoss , Chellaiya Gayathiri K. , Nair Chandran K. , Nayanar Sangeetha K. 
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Peripheral blood stem cell has become the preferred source for hematopoietic stem cells in both autologous and allogenic transplants. CD34+ cells represent a small proportion of the leukapheresis product content. The present study aims to analyze the cellular composition of leukapheresis product collected by intermittent-flow Mobile Collection System®+ (MCS+) and continuous-flow (Spectra Optia®) apheresis equipment.

METHODS:
In this retrospective study, 97 leukapheresis procedures for 85 individuals mobilized only with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were analyzed. The product samples were analyzed for CD34+ cells, red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells, and platelet contents. The difference in overall product composition was compared between the equipment through Mann–Whitney U-test.

RESULTS:
Both the equipment had similar CD34 and mononuclear cells (MNC) harvested in the product. However, Spectra Optia had statistically significantly lower product volume than MCS+ (215 mL vs. 260 mL, P = 0.04). Similarly non-CD34 composition such as RBC content per apheresis was six-fold higher (27 mL vs. 4 mL) and platelet contamination (1601 vs. 1275 × 109/L) was relatively higher with MCS+ over Spectra Optia. No relationship was observed between the CD34 concentration in the product and RBC and platelet contamination between both the equipment.

CONCLUSION:
Both equipment collect adequate CD34 and MNC cells; however, Spectra Optia is preferred due to product quality in terms of less product volume with minimal RBC and platelet contamination.
HCV Seroprevalence among HIV Patients and Associated Comorbidities at One Primary Health Facility in Rwanda
Authors: Munyemana Jean Bosco , Mukanoheli Esperance , Nsabimana Theoneste , Niringiyumukiza Jean Damascene 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTHepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV have emerged as major viral infections within the past two decades, and their coinfection poses a big challenge with a significant impact in terms of morbidity and mortality associated with liver disease and renal failure. The current study aimed at assessing the prevalence of HCV infection and associated comorbidities among HIV patients at one primary health facility in Rwanda. In total, 417 HIV-positive patients were recruited and included in the study from January 1, 2019 up to June 30, 2019. All participants were screened for HCV infection by using the SD Bioline HCV antibody rapid test. In addition, underlying medical conditions were also recorded as comorbidities. Among 417 participants, 52 exhibited HCV-positive results (12.5%). The group of 41- to 50- and 51- to 60-year-olds had higher prevalence of HIV/HCV coinfection than other age-groups with 3.6% and 4.6%, respectively. Furthermore, five underlying medical conditions were found as comorbidities among the study participants. Those with HIV/HCV coinfection showed higher comorbidities than those with mono-infection including liver toxicity, P value 0.005; tuberculosis, P value 0.005; renal failure, P value 0.003; hypertension, P value 0.001; and diabetes mellitus, P value 0.001. The relative risk ratio of having comorbidities in those groups was 4.09. To conclude, the prevalence of HCV/HIV coinfection is high, and there was a statistical significant association of having comorbidities in HIV/HCV-coinfected group compared with the group of HIV mono-infection, which suggests more intervention in this vulnerable group of patients.
Effectiveness of Shorter Treatment Regimen in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Pakistan: A Multicenter Retrospective Record Review
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Ahmad Nafees , Ghafoor Abdul , Latif Abdullah , Saleem Fahad , Khan Shereen , Atif Muhammad , Iqbal Qaiser 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTIn Pakistan, the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with a shorter treatment regimen (STR), that is, 4–6 months of amikacin, moxifloxacin (Mfx), ethionamide, clofazimine (Cfz), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E), and high-dose isoniazid, followed by 5 months of Mfx, Cfz, Z, and E, was initiated in 2018. However, there is a lack of information about its effectiveness in Pakistani healthcare settings. Therefore, this retrospective record review of MDR-TB patients treated with STR at eight treatment sites in Pakistan aimed to fill this gap. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23. Multivariate binary logistic regression (MVBLR) analysis was conducted to find factors associated with death and treatment failure, and lost to follow-up (LTFU). A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of 912 MDR-TB patients enrolled at the study sites, only 313 (34.3%) eligible patients were treated with STR and included in the current study. Of them, a total of 250 (79.9%) were cured, 12 (3.8%) completed treated, 31 (9.9%) died, 16 (5.1%) were LTFU, and four (1.3%) were declared as treatment failures. The overall treatment success rate was 83.7%. In MVBLR analysis, patients’ age of 41–60 (odds ratio [OR] = 4.9, P-value = 0.020) and > 60 years (OR = 3.6, P-value = 0.035), being underweight (OR = 2.7, P-value = 0.042), and previous TB treatment (OR = 0.4, P-value = 0.042) had statistically significant association with death and treatment failure, whereas patients’ age of > 60 years (OR = 5.4, P-value = 0.040) and previous TB treatment (OR = 0.2, P-value = 0.008) had statistically significant association with LTFU. The treatment success rate of STR was encouraging. However, to further improve the treatment outcomes, special attention should be paid to the patients with identified risk factors.
Pages of the history of Ossetian art: national opera studio at the moscow conservatory
Authors: Батагова Т.Э. 
Published: March 2021

Данная статья посвящена одному из аспектов становления и раз-
вития осетинского национального музыкального театра. Раскрывается исто-
рия создания и функционирования Осетинской оперной студии при Московской
государственной консерватории. Формирование национальных оперных студий
явилось одной из составляющих государственной стратегии по ускоренному
развитию музыкального искусства в национальных республиках. Выпускники
Осетинской оперной студии составили основу Оперного ансамбля (1951), а за-
тем и оперной труппы национального музыкального театра (1958, 1972). Осо-
бое внимание автор уделил изучению архивных документов, материалов прес-
сы, раскрывающих особенности учебного процесса и творческой деятельности
студийцев.
This article is devoted to one of the aspects of formation and development of
the Ossetian national musical theater. The history of the creation and functioning of the
Ossetian Opera Studio at the Moscow State Conservatory is revealed. The formation of
national Opera studios was one of the components of the state strategy for the accelerated
development of musical art in the national republics. Graduates of the Ossetian opera
studio formed the basis of the Opera ensemble (1951), and then the Opera Сompany of
the National Musical Theater (1958, 1972). The author paid special attention to the study
of archival documents and press materials that reveal the features of the educational
process and creative activities of students.