bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First case of intracaval recurrence of high‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: A case report
Authors: Mandato Vincenzo Dario , Valli Riccardo , Silvotti Monica , Mastrofilippo Valentina , Casali Giovanni , Aguzzoli Lorenzo 
Published: June 2021

SynopsisThe present study reports the first case of high‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma which occurred as tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava. It was detected by chance during lymphadenectomy and radically resected.
Bridge Building: A Review of Rethinking Reading in College: An Across‐the‐Curriculum Approach
Authors: Sweeney Meghan A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this review of Arlene Fish Wilner’s Rethinking Reading in College: An Across‐the‐Curriculum Approach, the author explores how Wilner leverages a rich understanding of college‐level reading to advocate for reading across the curriculum. By encouraging teachers to make explicit connections between discourse and disciplinary epistemology, Wilner’s book does important equity work that has the potential to bridge reading instruction from high school to the last year of college.
Engineered nanoceria modulate neutrophil oxidative response to low doses of UV‐B radiation through the inhibition of reactive oxygen species production
Authors: Peloi Karen Elaine , Ratti Bianca Altrão , Nakamura Celso Vataru , Neal Craig J. , Sakthivel Tamil Selvan , Singh Sushant , Seal Sudpita , de Oliveira Silva Lautenschlager Sueli 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo avoid aging and ultraviolet mediated skin disease the cell repair machinery must work properly. Neutrophils, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, are the first and most abundant cell types which infiltrate sites of irradiation and play an important role in restoring the microenvironment homeostasis. However, the infiltration of neutrophils in ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B) irradiated skin might also contribute to the pathophysiology of skin disease. The polymorphonuclear leukocytes activation induced by UV‐B exposure may lead to prolonged, sustained NADPH oxidase activation followed by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Our previous work showed that cerium oxide nanoparticles can protect L929 fibroblasts from ultraviolet‐B induced damage. Herein, we further our investigation of engineered cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNP) in conferring radiation protection specifically in modulation of neutrophils' oxidative response under low dose of UV‐B radiation. Our data showed that even low doses of UV‐B radiation activate neutrophils' oxidative response and that the antioxidant, ROS‐sensitive redox activities of engineered CNPs are able to inhibit the effects of NADPH oxidase activation while conferring catalase and superoxide dismutase mimetic activity. Further, our investigations revealed similar levels of total ROS scavenging for both CNP formulations, despite substantial differences in cerium redox states and specific enzyme‐mimetic reaction activity. We therefore determine that CNP activity in mitigating the effects of neutrophils' oxidative response, through the decrease of ROS and of cell damage such as chromatin condensation, suggests potential utility as a radio‐protectant/therapeutic against UV‐B damage.
Antibacterial, conductive, and osteocompatible polyorganophosphazene microscaffolds for the repair of infectious calvarial defect
Authors: Huang Yiqian , Du Zhiyun , Zheng Tianyi , Jing Wei , Liu Huanhuan , Liu Xue , Mao Jianping , Zhang Xu , Cai Qing , Chen Dafu , Yang Xiaoping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMany osteoconductive and osteoinductive scaffolds have been developed for promoting bone regeneration; however, failures would occur in osteogenesis when the defect area is significantly infected while the biomaterials have no antibacterial performances. Herein, a kind of multipurpose PATGP@PDA + Ag microspheres was prepared via emulsion method by using a conductive aniline tetramer (AT) substituted polyphosphazene (PATGP), followed by polydopamine (PDA) modification and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loading. The PATGP@PDA + Ag microspheres demonstrated a strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus both in vitro and in vivo, while showing no cytotoxicity at an optimized AgNPs loading amount. Due to the electron‐donor structure of the AT moieties, the PATGP@PDA + Ag microspheres displayed antioxidant capacities to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). Due to their phosphorus‐rich feature, the PATGP@PDA + Ag microspheres favored the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). As controls, nonconductive microspheres (PAGP@PDA, PAGP@PDA + Ag) were prepared similarly by using poly[(ethylalanine)(ethylglycyl)]phosphazene (PAGP). By co‐implanting these microspheres with S. aureus into rat calvarial defects, among them, it was determined that the PATGP@PDA + Ag microspheres achieved the most abundant neo‐bone formation, benefiting from their antibacterial, antioxidant and osteogenic activities. These results revealed that AgNPs loaded scaffolds made of conductive polyphosphazenes were promising for the regeneration of infected bone defects.
Biomechanical analyses of one‐piece dental implants composed of titanium, zirconia, PEEK, CFR‐PEEK, or GFR‐PEEK: Stresses, strains, and bone remodeling prediction by the finite element method
Authors: Fabris Douglas , Moura José P. A. , Fredel Márcio C. , Souza Júlio C. M. , Silva Filipe S. , Henriques Bruno 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis work aimed to assess the biomechanics, using the finite element method (FEM), of traditional titanium Morse taper (MT) dental implants compared to one‐piece implants composed of zirconia, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), carbon fiber‐reinforced PEEK (CFR‐PEEK), or glass fiber‐reinforced PEEK (GFR‐PEEK). MT and one‐piece dental implants were modeled within a mandibular bone section and loaded on an oblique force using FEM. A MT implant system involving a Ti6Al4V abutment and a cp‐Ti grade IV implant was compared to one‐piece implants composed of cp‐Ti grade IV, zirconia (3Y‐TZP), PEEK, CFR‐PEEK, or GFR‐PEEK. Stress on bone and implants was computed and analyzed while bone remodeling prediction was evaluated considering equivalent strain. In comparison to one‐piece implants, the traditional MT implant revealed higher stress peak (112 MPa). The maximum stresses on the one‐piece implants reached ~80 MPa, regardless their chemical composition. MT implant induced lower bone stimulus, although excessive bone strain was recorded for PEEK implants. Balanced strain levels were noticed for reinforced PEEK implants of which CFR‐PEEK one‐piece implants showed proper biomechanical behavior. Balanced strain levels might induce bone remodeling at the peri‐implant region while maintaining low risks of mechanical failures. However, the strength of the PEEK‐based composite materials is still low for long‐term clinical performance.
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Delayed Fracture Healing in Mmp10 (Stromelysin 2) Knockout Mice
Authors: Valdés-Fernández José , López-Martínez Tania , Ripalda-Cemboráin Purificación , Calvo Isabel A , Sáez Borja , Romero-Torrecilla Juan Antonio , Aldazabal Javier , Muiños-López Emma , Montiel Verónica , Orbe Josune , Rodríguez José Antonio , Páramo José Antonio , Prósper Felipe , Granero-Moltó Froilán 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
The remodeling of the extracellular matrix is a central function in endochondral ossification and bone homeostasis. During secondary fracture healing, vascular invasion and bone growth requires the removal of the cartilage intermediate and the coordinate action of the collagenase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, produced by hypertrophic chondrocytes, and the gelatinase MMP-9, produced by cells of hematopoietic lineage. Interfering with these MMP activities results in impaired fracture healing characterized by cartilage accumulation and delayed vascularization. MMP-10, Stromelysin 2, a matrix metalloproteinase with high homology to MMP-3 (Stromelysin 1), presents a wide range of putative substrates identified in vitro, but its targets and functions in vivo and especially during fracture healing and bone homeostasis are not well defined. Here, we investigated the role of MMP-10 through bone regeneration in C57BL/6 mice. During secondary fracture healing, MMP-10 is expressed by hematopoietic cells and its maximum expression peak is associated with cartilage resorption at 14 days post fracture (dpf). In accordance with this expression pattern, when Mmp10 is globally silenced, we observed an impaired fracture-healing phenotype at 14 dpf, characterized by delayed cartilage resorption and TRAP-positive cell accumulation. This phenotype can be rescued by a non-competitive transplant of wild-type bone marrow, indicating that MMP-10 functions are required only in cells of hematopoietic linage. In addition, we found that this phenotype is a consequence of reduced gelatinase activity and the lack of proMMP-9 processing in macrophages. Our data provide evidence of the in vivo function of MMP-10 during endochondral ossification and defines the macrophages as the lead cell population in cartilage removal and vascular invasion. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Bariatric surgery increases the rate of major fracture: self-controlled case series study in UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Robinson Danielle E. , Douglas Ian , Tan Garry D. , Delmestri Antonella , Judge Andrew , Cooper Cyrus , Javaid M. Kassim , Strauss Victoria Y. , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Conflicting results exist about the relationship between bariatric surgery and fracture risk. Also, prediction of who is at increased risk of fracture after bariatric surgery is not currently available. Hence, we used a combination of a self-controlled case series (SCCS) study to establish the association between bariatric surgery and fracture, and develop a prediction model for postoperative fracture risk estimation using a cohort study. Patients from UK Primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD linked to Hospital Episode Statistics undergoing bariatric surgery with body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 between 1997 and 2018 were included in the cohort. Those sustaining one or more fractures in the 5 years before or after surgery were included in the SCCS. Fractures were considered in three categories: (i) any except skull and digits (primary outcome); (ii) major (hip, vertebrae, wrist/forearm, and humerus); and (iii) peripheral (forearm and lower leg). Of 5487 participants, 252 (4.6%) experienced 272 fractures (of which 80 were major and 135 peripheral) and were included in the SCCS analyses. Major fracture risk increased after surgery, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 2.77 (95% CI, 1.34–5.75) and 3.78 (95% CI, 1.42–10.08) at ≤3 years and 3.1 to 5 years postsurgery when compared to 5 years prior to surgery, respectively. Any fracture risk was higher only in the 2.1 to 5 years following surgery (IRR 1.73; 95% CI, 1.08–2.77) when compared to 5 years prior to surgery. No excess risk of peripheral fracture after surgery was identified. A prediction tool for major fracture was developed using 5487 participants included in the cohort study. It was also internally validated (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve [AUC ROC] 0.70) with use of anxiolytics/sedatives/hypnotics and female as major predictors. Hence, major fractures are nearly threefold more likely after bariatric surgery. A simple prediction tool with five variables identifies high risk patients for major fracture. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
The status of climate studies in the United States and Canadian dental schools: Deans’ perspectives
Authors: Ester Todd V. , Tucker‐Lively Felicia L. , Smith Carlos , Taylor George W. , Ware Tawana K. , Inglehart Marita R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesInstitutions with a positive cultural climate make community members from all backgrounds valued and included, and treated equitably. Such an environment is optimally suited to prepare future dentists well for leading a diverse team of staff members and addressing the oral health care needs of increasingly more diverse patient populations. The objectives were to assess how many United States and Canadian dental schools had participated in a climate study at their parent institution and/or had conducted their own climate study, which topics these studies had addressed, how they collected their data, from whom they collected data, and how the findings affected these academic units.MethodsIn January 2020, 54 of the 78 dental school deans in the United States and Canada responded to a web‐based survey (response rate: 69%).ResultsForty‐six parent institutions (85%) and 27 dental schools (50%) had conducted climate studies. Eighty‐seven percent of parent institutions assessed the climate overall and the climate for specific groups (70%), such as for persons from underrepresented minority backgrounds (67%) or different religious backgrounds (59%). Most parent institution and dental school studies utilized surveys to collect data from faculty (parent institutions: 76%/dental schools: 96%), staff (74%/93%), administrators (72%/93%), and students (72%/89%). Overall, climate study results positively affected parent institutions’ and dental schools’ humanistic environment (61%/63%) and the recruitment of faculty (46%/50%), students (46%/46%), and staff (41%/43%).ConclusionsClimate studies are a widely accepted practice at dental schools and their parent institutions. Their results can play a vital role in shaping the climate of these academic units by fostering efforts to increase diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Dehydroepiandrosterone modulates oxidative DNA damage in pancreatic cancer: A case–control study
Authors: Fazli Hamid Reza , Mohamadkhani Ashraf , Godarzi Hamed Reza , Pourshams Akram , Jafari Nia Mojtaba 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimDehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has a protective role against several types of cancer, although its mechanisms of action are still unknown, it may be related to the antioxidant effect of DHEA. We hypothesized that DHEA has a preventive effect on the formation of the 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) DNA adduct in pancreatic cancer patients.MethodsSerum DHEAs were quantified by the ELISA method in 50 pancreatic cancer patients with histopathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and 50 matched controls. The amount of 8‐OHdG was assessed in peripheral blood leukocyte extracted DNA using a 32P‐DNA postlabeling technique.ResultsPancreatic cancer patients had lower serum DHEA levels than healthy controls, although it did not differ significantly. Instead, the 8‐OHdG DNA adduct was significantly higher in the case than in the control (P = <0.001). Remarkably, the negative correlation between 8‐OHdG and DHEA was distinguished between cases (P = 0.025, r = −0.315) but not in controls (P = 0.078, r = −0.250). In the crude and corrected estimate for pancreatic cancer risk, a significant protective effect of DHEA against pancreatic cancer was found with increasing DHEA when 8‐OHdG is greater than its median (adjusted OR = 0, 79, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.66–0.94). Similarly, a lower risk of pancreatic cancer was observed in the third tertile of DHEA (adjusted OR = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.004–0.69).ConclusionsThese results indicate that serum DHEA reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer with an anti‐DNA damage effect. Hence, the influence of DHEA to prohibit the accumulation of 8‐OHdG may be one of its physiological functions.
Four‐Dimensional flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Pediatric Coarctation of the Aorta
Authors: Desai Lajja , Stefek Heather , Berhane Haben , Robinson Joshua , Rigsby Cynthia , Markl Michael 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundCoarctation of the aorta (CoA) typically requires repair, but re‐interventions and vascular complications occur, particularly with associated defects like bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may identify anatomic and hemodynamic factors contributing to clinical complications.PurposeTo investigate 4D flow MRI characteristics in pediatric CoA to determine parameters for long‐term clinical surveillance.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationCoA (n = 21), CoA with BAV (n = 24), BAV alone (n = 29), and healthy control (n = 25).Field Strength/SequenceA 1.5 T, 3D CE IR FLASH MRA, 4D flow MRI using 3D time resolved PC‐MRI with velocity encoding.AssessmentThoracic aorta diameters were measured from 3D CE‐MRA. Peak systolic velocities and wall shear stress were calculated and flow patterns were visualized throughout the thoracic aorta using 4D flow. Repair characteristics, re‐interventions, and need for anti‐hypertensive medications were recorded.StatisticsDescriptive statistics, ANOVA with post hoc t‐testing and Bonferroni correction, Kruskal–Wallis H, intraclass correlation coefficient, Fleiss' kappa.ResultsPatients with CoA with or without repair had smaller transverse arch diameters compared to BAV alone and control cohorts (P < 0.05), higher peak systolic flow velocities and wall shear stress compared to controls in the transverse arch and descending aorta (P < 0.05), and flow derangements in the descending aorta. The most common CoA repairs were extended end‐to‐end anastomosis (n = 22/45, 48.9%, age at repair 1 ± 2 years, seven re‐interventions) and stent/interposition graft placement (n = 10/45, 22.2%, age at repair 12 ± 3 years, one re‐intervention). Anti‐hypertensive medications were prescribed to 33.3% (n = 15/45) of CoA and 34.4% of BAV alone patients (n = 10/29).Data ConclusionsDespite repair, CoA alters hemodynamics and flow patterns in the transverse arch and descending aorta. These findings may contribute to vascular remodeling and secondary complications. 4D flow MRI may be valuable in risk stratification, treatment selection and postintervention assessment. Long‐term, prospective studies are warranted to correlate patient and MRI factors with clinical outcomes.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 3
Risk factors for HTLV‐1, acute kidney injury, and urinary tract infection among aboriginal adults with end stage kidney disease in central Australia
Authors: Talukder Mohammad R. , Clauss Cornelia S. , Cherian Sajiv , Woodman Richard , Einsiedel Lloyd 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCentral Australia is a human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1c (HTLV‐1c) endemic region and has the highest incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Australia. The factors associated with HTLV‐1 seropositivity among Aboriginal Australian adults with CKD receiving hemodialysis (HD) were determined. A retrospective observational study of Aboriginal adults (≥ 18 years) who were receiving regular HD at the two main dialysis units in Alice Springs, December 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015. Demographic and clinical data before commencing HD were extracted from hospital records from the first presentation to Alice Springs Hospital (ASH) to HD commencement and associations were determined using logistic regression. Among 373 patients receiving HD, 133 (35.9%) were HTLV‐1 infected. Identifiable factors associated with HTLV‐1 status included increasing age, male gender, and diabetes before HD. The odds of diabetes mellitus were significantly higher among patients with HTLV‐1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19, 6.39; p = 0.017). More than one‐fifth of participants had an acute kidney injury, the risk of which was increased among those with a previous blood stream infection (aOR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.71, 5.34, p < 0.001). Men with a high HTLV‐1 proviral load (≥500 copies per 105 peripheral blood leukocytes) had an increased risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) before HD (aOR: 5.15, 95% CI: 1.62, 16.40; p = 0.006). A strong association between HTLV‐1 and diabetes, and an increased risk of UTI among men with a high HTLV‐1 PVL, suggest that interactions between HTLV‐1 infection and conventional risk factors may increase the risk for CKD in this population.
The organization of functional neurocognitive networks in focal epilepsy correlates with domain‐specific cognitive performance
Authors: Hatlestad‐Hall Christoffer , Bruña Ricardo , Erichsen Aksel , Andersson Vebjørn , Syvertsen Marte Roa , Skogan Annette Holth , Renvall Hanna , Marra Camillo , Maestú Fernando , Heuser Kjell , Taubøll Erik , Solbakk Anne‐Kristin , Haraldsen Ira H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUnderstanding and diagnosing cognitive impairment in epilepsy remains a prominent challenge. New etiological models suggest that cognitive difficulties might not be directly linked to seizure activity, but are rather a manifestation of a broader brain pathology. Consequently, treating seizures is not sufficient to alleviate cognitive symptoms, highlighting the need for novel diagnostic tools. Here, we investigated whether the organization of three intrinsic, resting‐state functional connectivity networks was correlated with domain‐specific cognitive test performance. Using individualized EEG source reconstruction and graph theory, we examined the association between network small worldness and cognitive test performance in 23 patients with focal epilepsy and 17 healthy controls, who underwent a series of standardized pencil‐and‐paper and digital cognitive tests. We observed that the specific networks robustly correlated with test performance in distinct cognitive domains. Specifically, correlations were evident between the default mode network and memory in patients, the central‐executive network and executive functioning in controls, and the salience network and social cognition in both groups. Interestingly, the correlations were evident in both groups, but in different domains, suggesting an alteration in these functional neurocognitive networks in focal epilepsy. The present findings highlight the potential clinical relevance of functional brain network dysfunction in cognitive impairment.