bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fungal diversity driven by bark features affects phorophyte preference in epiphytic orchids from southern China
Authors: Pecoraro Lorenzo , Rasmussen Hanne N. , Gomes Sofia I. F. , Wang Xiao , Merckx Vincent S. F. T. , Cai Lei , Rasmussen Finn N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEpiphytic orchids exhibit varying degrees of phorophyte tree specificity. We performed a pilot study to investigate why epiphytic orchids prefer or avoid certain trees. We selected two orchid species, Panisea uniflora and Bulbophyllum odoratissimum co-occurring in a forest habitat in southern China, where they showed a specific association with Quercus yiwuensis and Pistacia weinmannifolia trees, respectively. We analysed a number of environmental factors potentially influencing the relationship between orchids and trees. Difference in bark features, such as water holding capacity and pH were recorded between Q. yiwuensis and P. weinmannifolia, which could influence both orchid seed germination and fungal diversity on the two phorophytes. Morphological and molecular culture-based methods, combined with metabarcoding analyses, were used to assess fungal communities associated with studied orchids and trees. A total of 162 fungal species in 74 genera were isolated from bark samples. Only two genera, Acremonium and Verticillium, were shared by the two phorophyte species. Metabarcoding analysis confirmed the presence of significantly different fungal communities on the investigated tree and orchid species, with considerable similarity between each orchid species and its host tree, suggesting that the orchid-host tree association is influenced by the fungal communities of the host tree bark.
Facet controlled growth mechanism of SnO2 (101) nanosheet assembled film via cold crystallization
Authors: Masuda Yoshitake 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCold crystallization of SnO2 was realized in aqueous solutions, where crystal growth was controlled to form SnO2 (101) nanosheet assembled films for devices such as chemical sensors. The nanosheets grew directly on a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate without a seed layer or a buffer layer. The nanosheets had a thickness of 5–10 nm and an in-plane size of 100–1600 nm. Moreover, the large flat surface of the (101) facet was metastable. The thickness of the SnO2 (101) nanosheet assembled film was approximately 800 nm, and the film had a gradient structure that contained many connected nanosheets. TEM results revealed that the predominate branch angles between any two connected nanosheets were 90° and 46.48°, corresponding to type I and type II connections, respectively. These connections were consistent with the calculations based on crystallography. Crystallographic analysis clarified the characteristic crystal growth of the SnO2 (101) nanosheet assembled film in the aqueous solution. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the metastable (101) facet can be exploited to control the rate of crystal growth by adjusting the etching condition.
Effect of fluoroethylene carbonate on the transport property of electrolytes towards Ni-rich Li-ion batteries with high safety
Authors: Duangdangchote Salatan , Phattharasupakun Nutthaphon , Chomkhuntod Praeploy , Chiochan Poramane , Sarawutanukul Sangchai , Tomon Chanikarn , Joraleechanchai Nattanon , Sawangphruk Montree 
Published: May 2021

Transport phenomena and the solvation structure of Li+ cations and PF6− anions in electrolytes with different FEC concentrations as well as the electrochemical performance and safety of Ni-rich Li-ion battery cells at the 18650 cylindrical cell level are investigated.
Molecular mechanisms of anthracycline cardiovascular toxicity
Authors: Narezkina Anna , Narayan Hari K. , Zemljic-Harpf Alice E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAnthracyclines are effective chemotherapeutic agents, commonly used in the treatment of a variety of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. However, their use is associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular toxicities and may result in cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Cardiomyocyte toxicity occurs via multiple molecular mechanisms, including topoisomerase II-mediated DNA double-strand breaks and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation via effects on the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NADPH oxidases (NOXs), and nitric oxide synthases (NOSs). Excess ROS may cause mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium release, and DNA damage, which may result in cardiomyocyte dysfunction or cell death. These pathophysiologic mechanisms cause tissue-level manifestations, including characteristic histopathologic changes (myocyte vacuolization, myofibrillar loss, and cell death), atrophy and fibrosis, and organ-level manifestations including cardiac contractile dysfunction and vascular dysfunction. In addition, these mechanisms are relevant to current and emerging strategies to diagnose, prevent, and treat anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. This review details the established and emerging data regarding the molecular mechanisms of anthracycline-induced cardiovascular toxicity.
Missing links — epigenetic regulators of the pancreatic cancer–associated inflammation
Authors: Werba Gregor , Gonda Tamas A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) features a hostile tumor microenvironment (TME) that renders it remarkably resistant to most therapeutic interventions. Consequently, survival remains among the poorest compared with other gastrointestinal cancers. Concerted efforts are underway to decipher the complex PDAC TME, break down barriers to efficacious therapies and identify novel treatment strategies. In the recent Clinical Science, Li and colleagues identify the long noncoding RNA KLHDC7B-DT as a crucial epigenetic regulator of IL-6 transcription in PDAC and illustrate its potent influences on the pancreatic TME. In this commentary, we introduce epigenetics in pancreatic cancer and put the findings by Li et al. in context with current knowledge.
Self-Report and Caregiver Proxy-Report Agreement of Perceived Chronic Stress and Mutuality in Poststroke Aphasia
Authors: Hernandez Nelson J. , Bislick Lauren , Engelhoven Amy , Hunting Pompon Rebecca 
Published: May 2021

Background
People with aphasia (PWA) report higher levels of stress in comparison to stroke survivors without aphasia. If untreated, chronic stress is known to have detrimental effects to the body and brain and can negatively impact health and well-being. According to extant literature, self- and proxy-report agreement on objective domains is higher than on subjective domains, like chronic stress. In addition, high levels of mutuality, also known as shared feelings between two people, have been strongly associated with low levels of stress in stroke survivors. Little is known, however, of the agreement between self-report and caregiver proxy-report on perceived chronic stress or mutuality in PWA.

Purpose
The proposed study sought to examine (a) the degree of agreement between caregiver proxy-report and PWA self-report on perceived stress and (b) the relationship between perceived stress and mutuality between PWA and their caregivers.

Method

The Modified Perceived Stress Scale and the Mutuality Scale were administered to 21 PWA/caregiver dyads. An independent-samples
t
test was conducted to determine if there were significant differences in perceived stress and mutuality as reported by PWA, their caregiver, and their caregiver's proxy-report. A Pearson correlation was performed to determine the level of agreement across questionnaires.

Results
There was a moderate correlation between the proxy-report and self-report for perceived stress. On average, proxy-reports for perceived stress were significantly higher than PWA self-reports. Overall, mutuality was high among the dyads. There was moderate agreement between caregiver's mutuality and proxy-report agreement on perceived stress. Lastly, our findings do not indicate that caregiver's perceived stress influenced their perception of the PWA's perceived stress.

Conclusion
The results of this study provide support for the use of proxy-derived information in perceived stress with the use of a mutuality scale.
How Can Speech-Language Pathologists Think About Sensation During Swallowing Evaluation and Intervention?
Authors: Madhavan Aarthi , Etter Nicole M. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Both the enjoyment of foods and safe swallowing revolve around incorporating multiple streams of sensory feedback to form a positive sensory experience; these include information about the taste, smell, texture, temperature, and even the sight of food. Traditional swallowing assessment and treatment paradigms have primarily focused on the motor aspects of swallowing. However, sensory information is vital for not only enjoying foods while eating but also coordinating safe and efficient swallow behaviors. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to discuss the clinical importance of sensation in swallowing evaluation and intervention.

Conclusions
During their clinical assessments of swallowing, speech-language pathologists are already documenting the functional results of oropharyngeal sensorimotor impairments (e.g., residue). A combination of sensory and motor aspects is already integrated within current behavioral treatment strategies for dysphagia. Focused attention to the salient sensory features of swallowing has the potential to improve swallowing evaluation and intervention efforts. A discussion of potential future research in improved measurement and documentation of altered sensation is provided.
Dual‐band filtering power divider with independent in‐band power split ratio using a single quad‐mode dielectric resonator
Authors: Yu Wei , Xu Lin , Qin Wei , Lin Longlong , Xu Binbin , Chen Jian‐Xin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA design approach is presented based on insights into power division among modes for a dual‐band filtering power divider using a single multimode resonator. The relationship between the energy of the input port under different modes and the corresponding external quality factor (Qe) is analysed. Then, the power distribution among the in‐band modes and between output ports can be all expressed by Qe. Therefore, the synthesis of a coupling matrix to achieve independent power distribution in the two bands is simplified. For further verification, a quad‐mode dielectric resonator with independently controllable modes is designed. Based on this, dual‐band filtering power dividers with equal and unequal power split ratios (1:1 in the lower band and 2:1 in the higher band) are simulated and implemented. The simulation and measurement agree, proving the correctness of the approach.
Comparative calculation of piles taking into account seismic impacts (example in Ho Chi Minh City)
Authors: Sidorov Vitalii , Le Duc Anh , Sobolev Evgeny 
Published: May 2021

The construction of high-rise building and structures has been widely developed recently in Vietnam. Pile foundations are considered one of the most suitable solutions when choosing the foundations for their construction, especially in difficult geological conditions, including seismic areas. According to many researches, geological conditions of Ho Chi Minh City are generally difficult. The occurrence of earthquakes there influences the conditions for the construction. Besides, many historical cases have shown that soil liquefaction is often manifested, negatively affecting the underground structures and foundation working.
With an increase in investments of international construction companies and organizations in Vietnam, pile foundations can be designed according to domestic or foreign normative documents. Therefore, at present, a better understanding and detailed analysis of various existing normative documents and methods for designing pile foundations are required, especially when the influence of soil liquefaction is taken into account. This paper presents a review of various normative documents, including Russian, Vietnamese, American and Eurocode. The different methods in these normative documents for calculating the piles' bearing capacity are considered in 2 cases: with and without taking into account the soil liquefaction based on the hypothesis that the additional downward loads due to self-compaction of liquefiable soils affect piles. Finally, a comparison of the calculation results is presented. The comparison shows how these considering methods in these normative documents differ from each other and how much the pile's bearing capacity can be reduced when considering the soil liquefaction in calculations.
Modeling the stress-strain state of a circular plate subject to general corrosion according to various models
Authors: Ovchinnikov Ilya , Mavzovin Vladimir 
Published: May 2021

Quite a lot of works have been devoted to the problem of modeling the behavior of thin-walled structures exposed to an aggressive environment leading to corrosive wear of their surface. Researchers have proposed a fairly large set of models of corrosive wear, taking into account the influence of various factors on the kinetics of corrosion (time, material, temperature, the nature of the corrosive environment, the stress-strain state of the structure). Moreover, different authors often propose different models for the same conditions. In the article under consideration, a rather unique comparative study of three corrosion models proposed by different authors (Dolinsky V.M., Gutman E.M., Ovchinnikov I.G.) was carried out to simulate the behavior of the same circular plate subjected to the combined action of load and corrosion wear and tear. Moreover, the identification of the models, that is, the determination of the coefficients included in them, was carried out using the same experimental data. These models were then used to simulate the behavior of plates subject to corrosive wear under various loads. The results of numerical simulation were compared with experimental data obtained during testing of corrosive plates. Interestingly, in the models used, the effect of the stress state on the kinetics of corrosion was taken into account using different invariants of the stress state: the stress intensity in V.M. Dolinsky, medium voltage in the model of E.M. Gutman, and the specific energy in the model of I.G. Ovchinnikov.
The analysis showed that the difference from the experiment when using the three models considered does not exceed 9.3%. The discrepancy between the results obtained using different models is also within the acceptable range, which suggests that all three models can be used to predict the behavior of plates under corrosive wear conditions. However, it is of interest to conduct research on the predictive capabilities of models on large forecast arms that go beyond the scope of experimental studies. At the same time, carrying out numerical experiments to simulate the behavior of complex structures in a stressed state and subject to corrosive wear, using several models that allow a good description of the experimental data and the most complete consideration of the operating conditions, makes it possible to obtain a more complete and versatile picture of what is happening in design processes, in comparison with the calculations performed according to one model, even if it describes the experimental data well.
Evaluation der Implementierung eines zugelassenen Künstliche-Intelligenz-Systems zur Erkennung der diabetischen Retinopathie
Authors: Roser Pia , Grohmann Carsten , Aberle Jens , Spitzer Martin S. , Kromer Robert 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Ziel der Studie war die Evaluation der Genauigkeit einer auf einem Künstliche-Intelligenz-System (KI) basierenden Bewertung von Fundusfotografien im Vergleich zum Augenarzt in Bezug auf das diabetische Retinopathie-Screening in einer internistisch geführten Klinik. Zudem erfolgte die Erhebung der Gesamtuntersuchungsdauer wie auch der Patienten- und Untersucherzufriedenheit.
Methoden Im Rahmen der Studie erhielten 112 ambulante Patienten eine Fundusfotografie mit automatisierter Diagnose der diabetischen Retinopathie (DR) über das IDx-DR-System (Digital Diagnostics). Die Aufnahmen erfolgten mit der Kamera Topcon TRC-NW400 (Topcon Corp. Japan). Einschlusskriterium war die Diagnose eines Diabetes mellitus Typ 1, 2 oder 3. Bei Patienten, bei denen keine Aufnahme mit ausreichender Qualität in Miosis durchgeführt werden konnte, erfolgte die Aufnahme in Mydriasis.
Ergebnisse Von 112 Patienten konnte bei 107 Patienten (95,5 %) durch das Grading mittels IDx-DR, anhand der Fundusaufnahmen, eine Analyse durchgeführt werden – vs. bei 103 Patienten (91,9 %) durch das Grading derselben, hochauflösenden Fundusaufnahmen durch Augenärzte. Bei den verbleibenden Patienten war eine Beurteilung allein durch die Funduskopie in Mydriasis möglich. Es zeigte sich eine hochsignifikante Korrelation bezüglich der Einschätzung der Schwere der diabetischen Retinopathie zwischen Untersucher und dem IDx-DR-System (Correlation coefficient (r) = 0,8738; p < 0,0001). Die Patientenzufriedenheit lag bei 4,5 ± 0,6 [1–5], die Gesamtdauer der Untersuchung in Miosis lag im Mittel bei 3:04 ± 0:28 [min:sek].
Schlussfolgerung Das Retinopathiescreening mittels IDx-DR ermöglicht die automatisierte, zeitnahe und zuverlässige Beurteilung bzgl. des Vorliegens einer diabetischen Retinopathie mit einem robusten technischen und klinischen Arbeitsfluss, der mit einer hohen Patientenzufriedenheit einhergeht.
Nahinfrarot-Sentinel-Diagnostik bei Kopf-Hals-Plattenepithelkarzinomen: eine systematische Übersicht
Authors: Sievert Matti , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Iro Heinrich , Koch Michael 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Nahinfrarot-Fluoreszenzbildgebung (NIR) ist eine neue Technik zur intraoperativen Identifizierung von Sentinel-Lymphknoten (SLN). Sie hat in mehreren chirurgischen Fachgebieten vielversprechende Ergebnisse gezeigt. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Studienlage der NIR-SLN-Diagnostik des Kopf-Hals-Malignoms.
Material und Methoden Systematische Literaturrecherche in folgenden Online-Datenbanken: PubMed, MEDLINE, Thompson Reuters Web of Science und SPIE nach den Suchbegriffen: sentinel node, sentinel node biopsy, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, near-infrared imaging, indocyanine green, icg. Bewertung der wissenschaftlichen Relevanz der Arbeiten nach festgelegten Kriterien.
Ergebnisse Es wurden Arbeiten in Bezug auf die klinische Anwendung, die klinische Befunderhebung, die Identifikationsrate und die Falsch-Negativ-Rate analysiert. Die Identifikationsrate des SLN liegt bei 97–100 %, mit durchschnittlich 1,2–3,4 Fluoreszenz positiven Lymphknoten pro Untersuchung. Die Rate falsch-negativer Befunde variiert insgesamt zwischen 0 und 20 %.
Schlussfolgerungen In Zusammenschau der aktuell publizierten Ergebnisse verspricht die NIR-Bildgebung ein großes Potenzial, die Diagnostik des SLN bei Karzinomen im Bereich der Mundhöhle und des Pharynx zu verbessern. Vorteilhaft ist die einfache und schnelle Durchführung mit guter räumlicher Auflösung ohne Strahlenexposition.
COVID-19-Impfungen: Replizierend oder Nichtreplizierend?
Authors: Klimek L. , Chaker A. M. , Cuevas M. , Becker S. 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungInnovative und wirksame Impfstrategien entwickeln sich zum wichtigsten Hebel zur Bekämpfung der durch SARS-COV-2 ausgelösten globalen Pandemie. Innerhalb weniger Monate wurden durch Wissenschaftler weltweit vielversprechende neue Vakzine entwickelt; hierbei nutzen mehrere Impfstoffe das Prinzip adenoviraler Vektoren zum Einbringen der eigentlich immunogenen Moleküle des SARS-Coronavirus zum Auslösen einer Immunantwort. Die vom russischen Gamaleya-Institut entwickelte COVID-19-Vakzine Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) nutzt die adenoviralen Vektoren 26 und 5, um das vollständige SARS-Spike-Protein zur Impfung einzubringen, wobei die unterschiedlichen adenoviralen Vektoren mögliche neutralisierende Effekte gegen Adenoviren umgehen und dadurch eine ausreichende Immunogenität auch bei der Zweitimpfung (booster) gewährleisten. Die bisher veröffentlichten Studien werden teils kontrovers diskutiert, u. a. wegen kleiner Fallzahlen in Phase II und früher klinischer Endpunkte in der Phase III. Auch die bisher fehlende Verfügbarkeit der vollständigen Studienprotokolle und Datensätze wurde in der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft zur Kenntnis genommen. Vulnerable Patientengruppen könnten durch eine wie in Brasilien beschriebene erhaltene Vermehrungsfähigkeit der Ad5-Adenoviren oder wie in der Slowakei beobachtete fehlende Chargenreproduzierbarkeit gefährdet werden, ein Wirksamkeitsverlust der Impfung bei Gesunden ist möglich. Die finale Bewertung in einem geordneten Zulassungsverfahren (z. B. EMA) bleibt daher abzuwarten.
Iron-Mediated Radical Nitrohalogenation Reactions of Enynes with tert-Butyl Nitrite
Authors: Ren Yingming , Ge Yaxin , Yan Qinqin , Tian Yunfei , Li Zejiang , Wu Jilai , Yang Yujie , Li Lijun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA radical nitrohalogenation/cyclization of various enynes with tert-butyl nitrite has been developed that conveniently introduces useful nitro and halo groups into organic compounds. Some control experiments were performed to elucidate the mechanism. Further functional transformations proceeded well in this reaction system.
Distant Metastasis in Carcinoma Oral Cavity: Incidence and Prognostic Factors
Authors: Kalyani Nikhil , Bhosale Bharat , Singh Shambhavi , Tarafdar Debayan , Katna Rakesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aim The predominant pattern of failure for oral carcinoma is locoregional failure. With improvement in locoregional control, incidence of distant metastasis has increased. Reported incidence of distant metastasis is 8 to 10%. With an aim to define incidence and predictive factors for distant metastasis posttreatment of oral cavity cancer, the present analysis was done.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective chart review of 531 patients who underwent surgery for oral cavity carcinoma from August 2013 to December 2017. All patients had undergone surgery followed by adjuvant treatment as per histopathology report.
Results The median age of the cohort was 49 years. The median follow-up of alive patients was 21 months (range: 1–56 months). Locoregional recurrence seen in 61, distant metastasis in 23, and 72 patients had locoregional recurrence with distant metastasis. Total incidence of distant metastasis was 18% (95 patients) with median detection 7 months’ posttreatment. The sites of distant metastasis were: lung in 49 patients, bone in 9 patients, and multiple sites in 37 patients. Nodal stage (N2 and N3), differentiation, young age, and perineural invasion were associated with higher incidence of distant metastasis on multivariate analysis.
Conclusion The incidence of distant metastasis was found to be higher as compared with published literature. Possibility of adjuvant systemic therapy may be explored in future studies.