bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Spreading of Glacial Meltwater in the Western North Atlantic. Part I: Role of Dynamical Instabilities
Authors: Marchal Olivier , Condron Alan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Glacial meltwater discharged in excessive amount into the ocean may disrupt ocean circulation on regional to larger scales. Here, the spreading of meltwater discharged from the Laurentide Ice Sheet is explored through idealized experiments with a numerical circulation model representing the western North Atlantic during the last ice age. The roles of dynamical instabilities and eddy generation in meltwater dispersal are isolated without the intricacies of a background circulation and atmospheric forcing (both considered in Part II). The meltwater released from the Laurentian Channel produces a buoyant plume detached from the bottom and flowing to the southwest along the continental slope. The coastal current becomes unstable, meanders, and develops dipolar vortices all along the slope down to the South Atlantic Bight. These vortices move in the same direction as the parent current but slower by one order of magnitude. Their central jet tends to align perpendicularly to isobaths, and their cap is an anticyclonic flow produced by vortex compression of the seaward-flowing jet. They grow, interact, and ultimately lead to a complex and broad eddy field. Sensitivity tests show that meltwater spreads away from the slope at a consistent rate of O(104) m2 s−1. A two-layer theory suggests that the meltwater front moves offshore as a result of the ageostrophic velocity produced by the acceleration of the geostrophic alongfront flow. The instability of meltwater-induced currents alone can cool and freshen a region as large as the Slope Sea in <1 year.
A Bibliometric Lens on the Future: How AI continues to transform education institutions
Authors: Easouh Feda Yousef Jeries , Oweis Thelal Eqab , Makahleh Hanada Ahmad 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: This extensive analysis examines the changing environment of AI in education using 1,480 Web of Science research publications. The goal is to map the academic landscape, highlight significant topics, and identify notable authors, nations, and documents to enable future study in this expanding subject. OBJECTIVE: The study seeks to explore AI’s influence on education and identify patterns and insights that might inform future research. METHODS: Bibliometric and content analytics are used to carefully extract data from the Web of Science Core Collection. To ensure completeness and relevance, 1,480 peer-reviewed papers from 2008 to 2023 were selected. RESULTS: The study identified six research clusters: AI Ethics and Innovation, Teaching Systems, Learning Experiences, Education Performance Enhancement via AI, Sustainable Development Goals in Education, and AI, Big Data, and Education. With the help of 107 universities, 310 keywords, and 160 authors from 37 different countries, these clusters are thriving islands in their respective fields. IMPLICATIONS: This study helps researchers, educators, and policymakers explore the literature and identify prospective research areas. It allows stakeholders to lead AI in education towards a more inclusive and enlightened future.
The double-edged sword of ambidextrous leadership for leaders themselves: A conservation of resources perspective
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Hu Wenan , Chen Shuangshuang 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Many recent studies have proposed that leadership behaviors are attached to social exchange processes that influence not only their followers but also leaders themselves. Existing research has not adequately addressed how ambidextrous leadership affects the leaders themselves. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the extent to which ambidextrous leadership has benefits and costs for leaders’ work engagement. Additionally, it attempts to explore the moderating role of leaders’ emotional intelligence in the conceptual model. METHODS: Data were collected from a two-phase online survey of 153 managers in China. We tested our conceptual model using path analysis and bootstrapping methods based on Mplus. RESULTS: Results show that ambidextrous leadership is positively associated with leaders’ positive affect. Moreover, ambidextrous leadership has a positive indirect effect on leaders’ work engagement through positive affect. However, ambidextrous leadership also has devastating effects on leaders’ work engagement through ego depletion for leaders with low levels of emotional intelligence. CONCLUSIONS: Drawing on COR theory, we demonstrate that ambidextrous leadership can act as a double-edged sword for leaders. Specifically, ambidextrous leadership may cause different behavioral responses (promoting vs. inhibiting work engagement) via two distinct pathways (positive affect vs. ego depletion). Meanwhile, the extent to which this dark side appears depends on the characteristics of the manager. By integrating both the negative and positive sides of ambidextrous leadership, we hope the present paper sparks future research on the impact of leaders on themselves.
Effect of social media on entrepreneurial intention: Mediating role of entrepreneurial outcome expectation and attitude towards entrepreneurship
Authors: Lee Chin Tay , Lee Chee Tay 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Entrepreneurial Intention is essential for discovering the underlying determinants behind one’s motivation to invent a new business. OBJECTIVE: The study investigates the relationship between social media, entrepreneurial outcome expectation, attitude towards entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention. METHODS: The study conducts a cross-sectional survey on 360 tertiary education students based on systematic sampling technique. The hypothesis was tested using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). RESULTS: The findings reported that social media was significantly related to entrepreneurial intention. Similarly, attitude towards entrepreneurship was found to be a mediator between social media and entrepreneurial intention. In contrast, entrepreneurial outcome expectation was not found to mediate social media and entrepreneurial intention. CONCLUSIONS: The study adds to the existing literature by including less studied factors i.e., social media to one step ahead understand entrepreneurial intention by clarifying mediation mechanism through entrepreneurial outcome expectation, attitude towards entrepreneurship.
The influence of leadership on organizational performance through work-from-home outcomes under COVID-19 crisis in Thailand
Authors: Laohavichien Tipparat , Weerasai Chitawanphat 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND It’s not uncommon for the work-from-home (WFH) trend to persist after the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Various factors contribute to this continuation, including technological advancements and the benefits of it. The results of this study suggest suitable leadership styles for WFH. OBJECTIVE This research investigates transformational and transactional leadership on organizational performance through work-from-home outcomes during the COVID-19 crisis in Thailand. METHODS The data was collected by questionnaire from 444 employees who work for companies registered on the Stock Exchange of Thailand and the Market for Alternative Investment. These employees may work full-time or part-time from home or in a hybrid work arrangement. Data analysis employed the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. RESULTS The main findings of this study indicate that during the COVID-19 crisis, transformational leadership did not directly influence employees’ work-for-home outcomes and had no direct or indirect effect on organizational performance. Conversely, transactional leadership is positively direct on organizational performance and indirectly through work-from-home outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The appropriate leadership style for the WFH environment during the COVID-19 pandemic is transactional leadership. This type of leader rewards employees for meeting expectations and imposes punishments for work that falls below the predetermined standard.
Revisiting the change curve: A rigorous examination and three case studies prompting a re-evaluation of a timeless concept
Authors: Hagemann Michael , Cechlovsky Sascha 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Numerous models of the so called ‘change curve’ exist, yet there is a paucity of scholarly inquiry regarding empirical substantiation, practical implementation, and general applicability. OBJECTIVE: This study explores the change curve, aiming to examine whether and how the various phases of the curve manifest in a business context, thus assessing their relevance, which represents a novel approach. METHODS: The analysis, employing a mixed-methods approach of qualitative and quantitative elements, is inductive and interpretative, focusing on exploring and understanding the complexity of the cases. Data collection of this exploratory research was conducted utilizing a multi-faceted approach that included online surveys, semi-structured interviews, on-site observations through Gemba Walks. RESULTS: A pivotal discovery arises from the validation of the four phases of the change curve. Irrespective of disparate project contexts, individuals manifest akin responses within their respective phases of the change curve, amenable to effective facilitation through judicious interventions. These interventions, derived and systematized from empirical case studies for the first time, underscore their potential utility in guiding individuals through the change process. CONCLUSIONS: The validation of the four phases and their pragmatic utility warrant further exploration in subsequent scholarly inquiries, aiming to ascertain their robustness across diverse organizational contexts.
Retrospective chart review of venous thromboembolism incidence and management in rural patients undergoing varicose vein treatment
Authors: Thakur Shivani , Kaur Kamalpreet , Agarwal Sandhini , Zabiba Fatima , Maatouk Hussein , Zabiba Ahmed , Dominguez Cervantes Jasmin , Huang Tiffany , Arjmand Ahmadzaki , Arjmand Ahmadzakaria , Kumar Keshav 
Published: January 2025

Purpose Determine the rate of incidence, risk factors, and management for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) for varicose veins. Methods All charts of patients undergoing venous ablation from 2016 to 2023 were reviewed at a rural vein treatment clinic. The incidence of VTE was noted and a chart review was completed to identify risk factors for VTE, EHIT score, EFIT score, and management. Results Patients underwent 14,172 UGFS procedures and 4865 RFAs. VTE was noted in 45 patients (0.24%), with no pulmonary embolisms and no fatal outcomes among the patient population. Patients diagnosed with VTE had a median CEAP score of 3 and a modified Caprini risk score of 7.2. Increased risk of VTE was noted in patients with prior history of DVT, patients undergoing UGFS, patients with higher Caprini scores. 90% of patients diagnosed with VTE had a prior history of DVT ( p < 0.05). Patients who received UGFS treatments had a higher modified Caprini Risk Score than patients who received an RFA and UGFS, 8.7 and 6.8 respectively ( p < 0.05). Increased risk of VTE was noted in patients with swollen legs prior to treatment (0.92%), visible varicose veins (0.92%), obesity (0.49%), and surgery within the prior 3 months to vein treatment (0.41%). Conclusion The modified Caprini score is a useful tool for risk stratification for VTE and its incidence is low for patients undergoing RFA and UGFS. Prior history of VTE represents a significant risk for recurrence in patients undergoing RFA and UGFS.
The association between ambiguity tolerance and psychological well-being among physical therapists engaged in geriatric rehabilitation: A multicentre collaborative cross-sectional study
Authors: Tamura Shotaro , Hiratsuka Kenta , Oonuki Minato , Yokochi Masanobu , Matsuzaka Daiki , Satou Yuutarou , Ishikawa Naoto , Tai Masahiko , Kikuchi Koki , Kuneta Ryouichi , Ooya Masanori , Kakiuchi Kensuke , Matsuda Ryo 
Published: January 2025

Objective This study clarifies the association between ambiguity tolerance and psychological well-being in physical therapists engaged in geriatric rehabilitation. Design Multicentre cross-sectional study. Setting: Five facilities in Japan. Methods and Measures A total of 143 physical therapists (response rate: 58.1%) participated in geriatric rehabilitation. The main outcome measures were the multidimensional attitude scale towards ambiguity, professional quality of life scale and quick inventory of depressive symptomatology. Results Hierarchical regression analyses showed associations of need for complexity (β = 0.40) with compassion satisfaction, discomfort with ambiguity (β = 0.30) with compassion fatigue, need for complexity (β = −0.34) and discomfort with ambiguity (β = 0.33) with burnout and discomfort with ambiguity (β = 0.30) with quick inventory of depressive symptomatology ( p < .05). Sub-group analyses revealed that in the group with less than five years’ experience, need for complexity was not associated with burnout, and in men, there were no significant variables for compassion fatigue and quick inventory of depressive symptomatology. Conclusions Among physical therapists in geriatric rehabilitation, discomfort with ambiguity was associated with compassion fatigue, burnout and depressive symptoms, whereas need for complexity was associated with compassion satisfaction. Management and education that reduces discomfort with ambiguity and increases need for complexity may improve physical therapists’ psychological well-being.
Enhancing Rotator Cuff Repair in Rabbit Osteoporosis With Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt–Coated Nickel-Titanium Memory Alloy Anchors
Authors: Zhang Mingtao , Deng Liangna , Zhang Borong , Liu Jiaxin , Yang Chenhui , Liu Tao , Yang Zhitao , Jiang Jin , Kang Xuewen , Yun Xiangdong 
Published: January 2025

Background: For patients with osteoporosis and rotator cuff tears, there is still no consensus on current treatment methods. The material, structure, and number of anchors have important effects on the repair outcome. Purpose: To investigate the use of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt–coated nickel-titanium memory alloy (NTMA) anchors to treat rotator cuff injury in shoulders with osteoporosis in a rabbit osteoporosis model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A novel winged NTMA anchor was designed to test in normal and osteoporotic bone models in vitro. These models were assessed for maximum failure load and bone damage in various traction directions. A chitosan–sodium alginate composite was coated onto NTMA anchor surfaces using glutaraldehyde cross-linking and electrostatic layering techniques. An osteoporotic rabbit model was created using ovariectomy combined with glucocorticoid treatment. A rabbit model with acute injury to the supraspinatus muscle was established and repaired using titanium alloy anchors, NTMA anchors, and coated NTMA (CNTMA) anchors. To evaluate the efficacy of the anchors, biomechanical testing and staining with hematoxylin and eosin were performed 6 and 12 weeks after surgery. A micro–computed tomography scan was performed 12 weeks after surgery. Results: In the osteoporotic bone model, NTMA anchors exhibited greater failure loads than titanium anchors under 45° and 90° traction forces ( P < .05). The surface-modified material showed a lower contact angle compared with unmodified material. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays showed that the composite coating promoted osteoblast proliferation. The CNTMA anchor group exhibited the greatest maximum failure load at each time point. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed greater trabecular thickness in the CNTMA anchor group than in the other groups at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery. At 12 weeks after surgery, micro–computed tomography revealed an increased number and thickness of bone trabeculae in the NTMA anchor group, along with a widened trabecular gap ( P < .05). After the NTMA anchor biplane unfolded, the gap between the biplane and anchor showed bone tissue growth. Conclusion: Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt–coated NTMA anchors enhanced fixation strength and promoted local osteogenesis during osteoporotic rotator cuff repair, suggesting that the use of these anchors facilitates the repair of osteoporotic rotator cuff injuries in osteoporotic bones. Clinical Relevance: Innovations in anchor nailing may be effective in reducing rates of repair failure for rotator cuff tears combined with osteoporosis.
Orbital reactive lymphoid hyperplasia: Case series and literature review
Authors: Ajanaku Ayodeji , Fenech Matthew , Ghadiri Nima , Coupland Sarah E 
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to describe a case series of patients diagnosed with orbital reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) at a single tertiary care centre. A retrospective review was conducted by searching electronic medical records at Liverpool University NHS Foundation Trust (LUHFT) from 1st December 2021 - 1st December 2023, to identify all patients with a histological diagnosis. Ten patients with an orbital histological diagnosis of RLH were identified. Median age at diagnosis was 56.5 years. Proptosis was the most prevalent presenting symptom, while other signs included palpable mass, ptosis, and diplopia. Eight patients were treated with oral prednisolone, with 20% (two) achieving complete remission. Additional treatments utilised in these cases encompassed doxycycline, mycophenolate, ciclosporin, and azathioprine. This case series represents one of the few reports focusing exclusively on orbital RLH. Notably, bone erosion was observed in this study, a finding that has been scarcely linked to RLH in the literature.
Conducting a Grounded Theory Study in the Wake of a Traumatic Event: A Research Protocol
Authors: Ferguson Adele , Ward Kim , Parke Rachael 
Published: January 2025

Aims To explore the perspectives of people who worked at Whakatāne Hospital during and following a mass casualty event from the Whakaari/White Island eruption in New Zealand. Background The eruption of Whakaari / White Island on December 09th, 2019, significantly impacted many people in New Zealand and internationally. Whakatāne Hospital, a rural hospital in New Zealand, received a mass casualty alert in response to this event. Whakaari holds genealogical significance for Māori (Indigenous) people of the Mataatua region, the Eastern Bay of Plenty. Many local stories and waiata (songs) about this ancestral volcano are still told today. Design A research protocol for conducting a grounded theory study in the wake of a traumatic event. Methods Grounded theory (GT), a structured yet flexible methodology, is ideal for understanding a phenomenon in a research area where evidence is limited. It asserts that reality is constructed by those who experience it. In this context, recognising cultural knowledge ( Mātauranga Māori) is crucial to ensure the validity of cultural inclusivity and equity in the research process and generation of data. Conclusion The GT developed from this study will be based on the experiences of selected participants and will also explore the importance of cultural factors, such as indigenous knowledge, in conducting research on traumatic events. Implications for the Profession and for Patient Care The results from this grounded theory research will provide data for healthcare practitioners in developing resources and policies to enhance health system preparedness and responsiveness to disasters, improving future crisis management protocols. Reporting Method EQUATOR guidelines have been adhered to Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research COREQ. Public Contribution Mr Arona Smith and Mrs TeReinga.Kingi-Chase were actively involved in the design of this study, contributing their expertise in Mātauranga Māori.
Impact of correlation structure on sample size requirements of statistical methods for multiple binary outcomes: A simulation study
Authors: Fuyama Kanako , Sakamaki Kentaro , Uemura Kohei , Yokota Isao 
Published: January 2025

Background In randomized clinical trials, multiple-testing procedures, composite endpoints, and prioritized outcome approaches are increasingly used to analyze multiple binary outcomes. Previous studies have shown that correlations between outcomes influence their sample size requirements. Although sample size is an important factor affecting the choice of statistical methods, the power and required sample sizes of methods for analyzing multiple binary outcomes have yet to be compared under the influence of outcome correlations. Methods We conducted simulations to evaluate the power of co-primary and multiple primary endpoints, composite endpoints, and prioritized outcome approaches based on generalized pairwise comparisons with varying correlations, marginal proportions, treatment effects, and number of outcomes. We then conducted a case study on sample size using a clinical trial of a migraine treatment as an example. Results The correlations significantly affected the statistical power and sample size of composite endpoints. The power and sample size of co-primary endpoints remained relatively stable across different correlations, though their power declined substantially when treatment effects were opposite on some components or more than two components were present. While the correlations influenced the power and sample size of all methods assessed, their direction and degree of influence varied between methods. Notably, the method with the greatest power and smallest sample size also differed depending on the correlations. When the correlations were the same between arms, prioritized outcome approaches usually had higher power and smaller sample sizes than other methods. Conclusions Anticipated correlations and their uncertainty should be considered when selecting statistical methods. Overall, co-primary endpoints remain a reliable option for evaluating the superiority of all components, although they are unsuitable for assessing the balance between treatment effects pointing in different directions. Generalized pairwise comparisons offer a useful alternative to deal with multiple prioritized outcomes, often providing the smallest sample sizes when the correlation structures are shared between the arms.