bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer-aided Detection of Quantitative Signatures for Breast Fibroepithelial Tumors using Label-free Multi-Photon Imaging
Authors: Kobayashi-Taguchi Kana , Saitou Takashi , Kamei Yoshiaki , Murakami Akari , Nishiyama Kanako , Aoki Reina , Kusakabe Erina , Noda Haruna , Yamashita Michiko , Kitazawa Riko , Imamura Takeshi , Takada Yasutsugu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background Fibroadenomas (FAs) and phyllodes tumors (PTs) are major benign breast tumors. They are pathologically classified as fibroepithelial tumors, composed of a proliferation of both epithelial and stroma. Although the clinical management of PTs differs from FAs, distinction by core needle biopsy diagnoses is still challenging. Computer-aided diagnosis is playing a pivotal role in accurate and objective evaluation of medical images. This technology opens up a new route to a solution for diagnostic problems. Methods A combined technique of label-free imaging with multi-photon microscopy and artificial intelligence was applied to detect quantitative signatures that differentiate fibroepithelial lesions. Multi-photon excited autofluorescence and second harmonic generation (SHG) signals were detected in tissue sections. A pixel-wise semantic segmentation method using a deep learning framework was used to separate epithelial and stromal regions automatically. Quantitative signatures, the epithelial to stromal area ratio, and the collagen SHG signal strength were investigated for their ability to distinguish between FA and PT lesions. Results Multi-photon microscopy recordings of tissue sections revealed distinct morphology between the epithelia and stroma, and further indicated that stromal regions emit a strong SHG signal which derives from collagen fibrils. However, this signal strength differs between the lesions, suggesting differences of collagenous molecular composition between the two lesions. In order to investigate hypertrophy of the stroma and compare this to the epithelial areas, an image segmentation analysis with a pixel-wise semantic segmentation framework using a deep convolutional neural network was performed. The deep learning-based analysis showed accurate separation of epithelial and stromal regions. Further investigation was conducted to determine if scoring the epithelial to stromal area ratio could be a marker for differentiating fibroadenoma and phyllodes tissues; we determined that most samples can be clearly separated but some are difficult to separate by the signature. Further investigations on the collagen SHG signal strength within the stromal area revealed accurate classification of the breast tissue lesions. Conclusions Molecular and morphological changes detected through the assistance of computational and label-free multi-photon imaging techniques enabled us to propose quantitative signatures for epithelial and stromal alterations in breast tissues.
Delayed Parasite Clearance Rates and Low Clinical and Parasitological Responses Following Treatment of Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria With Artemether-lumefantrine in Ethiopian- Sudan Border, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Leta geletta Tadele , Jaiteh Fatou Kene , mary Mary oboh , Lemma Sisay dhugassa , Ngwa Alfred Amambua , Wayasa Lemu Golassa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe appearance of artemisinin-resistant parasites in Africa is catastrophic as many cases and deaths from malaria are usually reported in the continent. This study was the first to evaluate the status of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) efficacy, seventeen years after the introduction of this drug in the study area. This study aimed to assess PCR- corrected clinical and parasitological responses at 28 days following AL treatment.MethodsSixty uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients were enrolled, treated with standard doses of AL, and monitored for 28 days with clinical and parasitological assessments from September 15 to December 15, 2020. Molecular analysis was done on dried blood spots collected from each patient from day 0 and on follow-up days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regressions were done using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. A p-value of less or equal to 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsSixty patients enrolled in the study, ten were lost to follow-up; and the results were analyzed for 50 patients. All of the patients were fever-free on day 3. But, two patients febrile on day 1 became febrile on day 7 of the follow-up period. Day 3 parasites positivity rate was zero and 60 % using microscopy and PCR, respectively. Parasite clearance on day 3 was more among patients ≥ 15 years as compared with < 15 years (AOR= 6.71, P=0.021). 14 of 50 patients tested were parasite positive on day 7 by PCR. In addition, 7 patients had persisted parasitemia by PCR from day 0 to day 28 of the follow-up. The PCR-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) rate was 59.2 %. PCR adjusted AL treatment failures was 40.8% and it was noted as 0 early treatment failure, 10.2% late clinical failures, and 30.6% late parasitological failures. Recrudescence and new infection rate within 28 days was7/50(14%) and1/50 (2%) respectively.Conclusionartemisinin resistance is suspected in the study area as parasite positivity rate on day 3 was greater than 10%. A slow parasitological clearance was followed by low-density parasitemia persistence and recrudescences. AL treatment failure was greater than the 10% threshold for treatments in use as per WHO. These findings suggest probably a decreased sensitivity of the parasite for the artemisinin component and the partner drug and highlight the need for prompt reassessment of the efficacy of AL and other factors that may contribute to low parasite susceptibility to the drug.
Unsupervised Embedding of Trajectories Captures the Latent Structure of Mobility
Authors: Murray Dakota , Yoon Jisung , Kojaku Sadamori , Costas Rodrigo , Jung Woo-Sung , Milojević Staša , Ahn Yong-Yeol 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Human mobility drives major societal phenomena including epidemics, economies, and innovation. Historically, mobility was constrained by geographic distance, however, in the globalizing world, language, culture, and history are increasingly important. Here, we show a mathematical equivalence between word2vec model and the gravity model of mobility and demonstrate that, by using three human trajectory datasets, word2vec encodes nuanced relationships between locations into a systematic and meaningful vector-space, providing a functional distance between locations, as well as a representation for studying the many dimensions of mobility. Focusing on the case of scientiﬁc mobility, we show that embeddings implicitly learn cultural, linguistic, and hierarchical relationships at multiple levels of granularity. Connecting neural embeddings to the gravity model opens up new avenues for the study of mobility.
Trend and Determinants of Abortions among Adolescent Women in Rural Matlab, Bangladesh: Evidence a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rahman Aminur , Begum Tahmina , Haseen Fariha , Alam Nurul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:Every year about 2.5 million adolescents have unsafe abortions. In Bangladesh, data on incidence of abortion suffer from under-reporting and incomplete record keeping in cases of adolescent women. So, we proposed a study to estimate level and determinants of adolescent abortions in Matlab in Bangladesh. Methods:This study analyzed vital events recorded by Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) from a well-defined population during 2007-2015. HDSS is operating since 1966, HDSS area was divided into two halves; icddr,b provides quality maternal and family planning (MNCH/FP) services in one half and another half receives government standard MNCH/FP services. Female community health research workers visit bi-monthly women at their home to identify pregnancy and record vital events and migration. Woman’s age in most cases is known by date of birth. Study Population: Women, who had pregnancy outcomes before age of 20 years were the study population. This resulted in a final sample of 5,715 adolescent women who become pregnant between this age.Result:There were 5,715 adolescents in the HDSS database have complete birth form for every pregnancy outcome who become pregnant outcomes between 2007 and 2015. The adolescent abortion rates were Lower (by 18%) in ISA than GSA; higher among mothers who have primary and higher education and who are pregnant for the first time Conclusion: This study has estimated the first time the adolescent abortion rate in Bangladesh and reveals that MCH-FP services lower abortion rate. Reducing abortion among adolescent, post-abortion education and family planning services are needed.
Impact of river-reservoir hybrid system on zooplankton community and river connectivity
Authors: Ko Eui-Jeong , Jung Eunsong , Do Yuno , Joo Gae-Jae , Kim Hyun-Woo , Jo Hyunbin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Semi-permanent anthropogenic connectivity regulation in rivers, such as via weirs and dams, affects the plankton community. We hypothesised that the longitudinal similarity of the zooplankton community in a river could change in a river-reservoir hybrid system (RRHS). The impact of weir construction on zooplankton communities in terms of species diversity, abundance, and community structure was examined biweekly at six sites on the Nakdong River main channel for 14 years (before construction: 2002–2008; after construction: 2012–2018). We checked time series alignment using dynamic time warping between longitudinal survey sites, regardless of RRHS. Before and after RRHS, the zooplankton community showed an increasing number of species. RRHS decreased the longitudinal connectivity in terms of zooplankton species number and population density. Our study demonstrates that longitudinal zooplankton community trends can be used to study the connectivity of rivers and that longitudinal characteristics are disrupted in RRHSs.
Reinforcement Learning based Optimal Control for Constrained Nonlinear System via A Novel State-Dependent Transformation
Authors: Yan Lei , Liu Zhi , Chen C. L. Philip , Zhang Yun , Wu Zongze 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper focus on developing an optimal controller for the strict-feedback nonlinear systems with or without asymmetric time-varying full state constraints. A novel nonlinear state-dependent transformation function is presented, by which the strict-feedback nonlinear systems with state constraints is transformed into a new strict-feedback where the state constraints is implicit in. Optimized backstepping technique is utilized to develop the optimal controller for the new strict-feedback system to track the desired reference signal without the feasibility conditions. Reinforcement learning (RL) is exploited to implement the optimal control in every step, where identifier, critic and action network are used to estimate the unknown system dynamics and generate the control output, respectively. It is theoretically proved that all the signals in the close loop system are bounded and the proposed optimal controller can track the desired signal with or without time-varying asymmetric full state constraints. Two simulation examples are presented demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed scheme.
Clinical Significance of Long Non-Coding RNA HCG18, OIP5-AS1, FGD5-AS1 and LINC00657 Expression in Human Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zareh Ali , Rabani Elmira , Zare Hamed , Heiat Mohammad , Bakherad Hamid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is a major health problem and the third cause of cancer-induced deaths globally. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are new cellular regulators in cancers whose contribution to GC carcinogenesis is still unknown to a large extent. This study aimed to investigate expression levels of bioinformatically ranked lncRNAs in GC tissues.
Methods

Using a bioinformatic approach, lncRNAs supposed to be involved in GC tumorigenesis were prioritized. Further, the top-ranked lncRNAs including HCG18, OIP5-AS1, FGD5-AS1, and LINC00657 were selected for experimental validation. Moreover, qPCR was used to validate bioinformatics findings in 35 GC and 35 paired adjacent normal gastric tissue samples (ANGTs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were generated to assess the diagnostic values of the lncRNAs.
Results

lncRNA-HCG18 showed to be the top-ranked lncRNA involved in GC, as identified by bioinformatics analysis. Additionally, HCG18, OIP5-AS1, FGD5-AS1, and LINC00657 expression levels significantly increased in GC tissue samples compared to ANGTs. The area under the curve (AUC) of HCG18, OIP5-AS1, FGD5-AS1, and LINC00657 were 0.80, 0.74, 0.73, and 0.71, respectively. Considering the findings, it was concluded that HCG18, OIP5-AS1, FGD5-AS1, and LINC00657 lncRNAs may contribute to GC tumorigenesis.
Conclusion

This study also found that the bioinformatic approach could be applied as an efficient approach to finding candidate lncRNAs relevant to GC progression.
Assessing the Integrative Framework for the Implementation of Change in Nursing Practice: Comparative Case Studies in French Hospitals
Authors: SALMA Israa , WAELLI Mathias 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Quality improvement initiatives in healthcare often require change in nursing practices. Implementing such change into routine practice is challenging, often with unpredictable outcomes. Extensive research in this area has documented effective implementation change in clinical practice and identified barriers and facilitators at strategic levels, e.g. leadership, culture, and technical factors, which are common across most organizations. However, other research avenues have investigated different perspectives, e.g., the impact of local work contexts on implementation processes and the overlap of local social and material factors in appropriation processes. Therefore, considering both perspectives is essential for effective implementation. However, strategic and socio-material factors have only been investigated as distinct perspectives. In previous work, we developed an Integrative Framework for Implementation of change in Nursing Practices (IFINP) based on certification procedure implementation at a French hospital. In this current study, we assess the generalizability of our framework in other organizational settings and explore links between strategic and socio-material factors during implementation.
Methods
We used comparative qualitative case studies at three French hospitals to assess the implementation of certification procedures. Data were collected from 33 semi-structured interviews with managers and nurses. Narratives reflecting actions and interactions were extracted and deductively analyzed using IFINP components.
Results
The framework was flexible and captured all the different aspects of implementation actions and interactions at the three hospitals. Strong interferences were identified between mobilization mechanisms and strategic elements. Interference was observed mostly between ‘reflexive monitoring and work articulation’, and ‘reflexive monitoring and sense-making’ mechanisms. Leadership was integrated into the different mechanisms, especially the ‘translation’ mechanism.
Conclusion
The IFINP facilitated a greater understanding of strategic elements and associated relationships with social and material factors during implementation. Our results support the non-linearity aspect of implementation processes and highlight the importance of leadership roles in translating change in practice. This provides a clear definition of the managers’ role when implementing new nurse practices. Therefore, we advocate the IFINP as a practical managerial framework supporting implementation initiatives in nursing.
Adaptive Dose Escalated Radiotherapy in Oropharyngeal Cancers: A Treatment Planning Feasibility Study
Authors: Grocutt Laura , Paterson Claire , Valentine Ronan M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: A significant proportion of patients with poor prognosis squamous cell cancer of the oropharynx relapse loco-regionally despite radical (chemo)radiotherapy. If a predictive biomarker for disease control can be identified during treatment then individualised and adaptive treatment strategies may be employed. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of adaptive and dose-escalated RT to the gross tumour volume without increasing surrounding planning target volume doses and maintaining clinically acceptable organs at risk doses.Materials and methods: Twenty representative patients with poor prognosis locally advanced OPSCC who were known to have relapsed post RT, were re-planned retrospectively using Eclipse TPS v15.5, RapidPlanTM and multi-criteria optimisation. In our centre, areas of gross disease (PTV65) are treated with 65Gy in 30# while areas at risk of containing microscopic disease (PTV54) are treated synchronously to 54Gy in 30#. The original clinical plans were re-optimised to act as controls (Group I). These plans were split into two plans of 15# each, with the latter 15# used to escalate the dose to the GTV to 73Gy (Group II) and 82Gy (Group III). Plan sums were created for the total 30# to record plan evaluation parameters along with assessments of plan deliverability.Results: For all groups, the dose coverage at D98% and D50% for the PTVs were comparable. As expected, the D2% dose levels for PTV65 increased. All dose levels associated with PTV54 remained largely unaffected by the dose escalation regimens. Conformity indices for PTV65 and PTVAll reveal comparable conformity across all three groups. Despite the GTV being escalated by 12.3% and 26.2% in groups II and III, the volume of GTV receiving > 84 Gy was considerably less than 1.75 cc. While OAR doses increased for the escalated groups, these increases were not clinically significant. Conclusion: This planning feasibility study exploring RapidPlanTM combined with multi-criteria optimisation has demonstrated that doses to the GTV may be escalated without increasing PTV or OAR doses considerably, suggesting an interventional clinical trial using this approach would be feasible. Given loco-regional control remains an unmet need, response-adaptive dose-escalated RT has the potential to improve outcomes for poor-prognosis patients.
The Effects of COVID-19 On The Quality of Life Among a Sample of The General Lebanese Population
Authors: HADDAD Chadia , Malhab Sandrella Bou , SACRE Hala , THEBIAN Rasha , SALAME Hassan , HLEYHEL Mira , HAMIEH Hussein , Chahine Nazih Bou , HOTEIT Maha , Souheil Anwar Al , SALAMEH Pascale 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Infectious illness outbreaks, such as COVID-19, have a devastating impact on physical health and social and psychological well-being. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the quality of life (QOL) after the COVID-19 outbreak in a sample of the Lebanese population and compare sociodemographic factors associated with QOL among COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted between January and March 2021 during the lockdown imposed by the Lebanese Government enrolled 2349 Lebanese adults. The major dependent variable was the 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12), often used as a QOL measure for assessing the impact of health on an individual's everyday life.Results: In participants with non-positive PCR, linear regression showed that higher income (Beta=2.224) is associated with a higher QOL score. Whereas higher household crowding index (Beta=-0.537), older age (Beta=-0.109), being married (Beta=-1.308), having hypertension (Beta=-2.479), and other chronic diseases (Beta=-3.704) were associated with a lower QOL score.In participants with positive PCR, linear regression showed that the female gender (Beta=2.416) and a higher income (Beta=4.856) were associated with a higher QOL score. Whereas shortness of breath (beta=-2.607), sore throat (Beta=-5.654), sneezing (Beta=-3.761), and having a chronic disease other than hypertension (Beta=-3.181) were associated with a lower QOL score.Conclusion: Overall, factors such as age, male gender, married status, crowded household, low monthly income, high BMI, the presence of chronic disease, and severe COVID-19 symptoms were related to lower QOL after the covid-19 pandemic.
Some New Logarithmic Aggregation Operators and their Application to Group Decision Making Problem Based on t-Norm and t-Conorm
Authors: Rahman khaista 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a logarithmic operational law for intuitionistic fuzzy numbers is defined, in which the based1 is a real number such that1 ∈(0,1) with condition1 ≠ 1. Some properties of logarithmic operational laws have been studied and based on these, several Einstein averaging and Einstein geometric operators namely, logarithmic intuitionistic fuzzy Einstein weighted averaging (LIFEWA) operator, logarithmic intuitionistic fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted averaging (LIFEOWA) operator, logarithmic intuitionistic fuzzy Einstein hybrid averaging (LIFEHA) operator, logarithmic intuitionistic fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric (LIFEWG) operator, logarithmic intuitionistic fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted geometric (LIFEOWG) operator, and logarithmic intuitionistic fuzzy Einstein hybrid geometric (LIFEHG) operator have been introduced, which can overcome the weaknesses of algebraic operators. Furthermore, based on the proposed operators a multi-attribute group decision-making problem is established under logarithmic operational laws. Finally, an illustrative example is used to illustrate the applicability and validity of the proposed approach and compare the results with the existing methods to show the effectiveness of it.
Use of eco-benign periwinkle shell particle for making composites and study their effect on the thermal and mechanical properties of novel HDPE composites
Authors: Valsadwala Abbas Saifee , Sriniva Sriram , Balachandran Surya Rajan , Begum Shamshath , Samui Asit Baran , Shukla Sandeep Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this investigation, the shell powder of Littorina littorea commonly called periwinkle was used as an eco-benign filler in High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) to form periwinkle/HDPE composites (PHPC). Understanding the effect of different particle sizes of periwinkle shell powder (PSP) and optimizing their influence on PHPC is the main scope of work. Periwinkle shell (PS) particle sizes from <53 μm to 150 μm were chosen as reinforcement. The different PSP size like <53 μm, 53 μm, 75 μm, 90 μm, 105 μm and 150 μm chosen in this study were named as PHPCL53, PHPC53, PHPC75, PHPC90, PHPC105, and PHPC150 respectively. The composites were fabricated by incorporating 1 weight % of PSP into HDPE matrix using compression molding technique and then subjected to morphological, thermal, and mechanical characterizations. Morphology studies using scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirms 150 μm PSP had best dispersion whereas 75 μm PSP resulted with agglomeration. PSP had little influence on the thermal stability of HDPE except for PHPC150 which showed rise in degradation temperature when compared to the neat sample. Mechanical properties such as hardness, Young’s modulus, impact strength, and flexural modulus were enhanced by the addition of PSP. Whereas, a decrease was noted in elongation at break (%) and flexural strength of PHPC indicating the stiffening effect of filler on HDPE. In order to understand the particle size influence better, the extension evaluation method (EEM) was performed for all samples and PHPC150 was found to be the best performing among all particle sizes.