bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
قواعد معرفة البدعة عند علماء الشافعية
Authors: Muhammad Nur Ihsan  
Published: August 2021

إن من المسائل العظيمة التي كثر فيها كلام الناس واضطرابهم في تحديدها وضبطها مسألة
)البدعة( بحيث وسَّع فريق مسمى البدعة حتى أدخلوا فيها ما ليس منها، وقصروا مسمىالشريعة حتى أخرجوا منها بعض ما هو منها. وفي المقابل ذهب فريق آخر إلى تضييق مسمىالبدعة، حتى أخرجوا منها بعض أفرادها، ووسّعوا مسمى الشريعة حتى أدخلوا فيها ما ليسمنها. لذا فإن التمييز بين السنة والبدعة من أعظم المهمّ، إذ السنة ما أمَرَ به الشارع،والبدعة ما لم يشرعه من الدين، فلا سبيل للتمييز بينهما إلا بمعرفة الضوابط والقواعدالتي يمكن من خلالها معرفة البدعة. فهذا البحث المتواضع مشاركة في بيان هذا الأمر من
خلال أقوال علماء الشافعية. وقسمته إلى مقدمة تشتمل على خلفية البحث وتحديد المسألةومنهج البحث، ثم موضوع البحث ويشتمل على تعريف البدعة لغة واصطلاحا، وتعريفالقاعدة وأهمية معرفتها، وقواعد معرفة البدع في نظر علماء الشافعية، ثم الخاتمة وفيهاذكر نتائج البحث.
وهذا البحث يُ ع د من البحوث المكتبية التي تعتمد على المنهج الكمي ) Kuantitatif ( الذي يقومبجمع أقوال علماء الشافعية من بطون مؤلفاتهم المتعلقة بهذه المسألة، وأما ما يتعلق بعرضالبيانان وتقريب المعلومات للوصول إلى نتائج البحث فيستخدم المنهج الوصفي ) Deskriptif )والاستقرائي ) Dedukatif ( وتحليل المحتوى ) Analisa isi .
ومن خلال دراسة أقوال هؤلاء العلماء واستقرائها وتحليلها يمكن تلخيص القواعد لمعرفةالبدع في الأمور التالية: 1( كل عمل تعبدي يستند إلى حديث لم يصحَّ إسناده فهو بدعة، 2 )شرعي فهو بدعةكل عمل تعبدي لا يستند إلى نصّ ، 3( كل عبادة تركها الرسول  مع وجودالمقتض ي وانتفاء المانع، فتركها هو السنة، وفعلها هو البدعة، 4( كل عبادة ترك السلفالصالح من الصحابة والتابعين وتابعيهم فعلها، أو نقلها أو تدوينها أو التعرض لها فيمجالسهم مع قيام المقتض ي لها وانتفاء المانع منها فهي بدعة، 5 ( كل عبادة ثبتتْ في الشرععلى صفة مقيَّدة أو مخصوصة فتغيير هذه الصفة وتعميمها بدعة، 6 ( كل عبادة مطلقةثبتت في الشرع بدليل عام، فإن تقييد إطلاق هذه العبادة بزمان أو مكان معيَّن أو نحوهما
بحيث يوهم هذا التقييد أنه مقصود شرعًا من غير أن يدلَّ الدليل العام على هذا التقييدفهو بدعة.
تعظيم النبي وتوقيره في الكتاب والسنة وحياة الصحابة رضي الله عنهم
Authors: Ali Musri Semjan Putra  
Published: August 2021

إن تعظيم النبي وتوقيره جزء من معنى الشهادتين لا يتم إسلام المرء إلا به، كما أنه جزء لا يتجزأ من ركن الإيمان الرابع وهو الإيمان بالرسل. وقد جاءت الأدلة الكثيرة في بيان أهمية هذا الموضوع سواء كانت من الآيات القرآنية أو الأحديث النبوية ولكن واقع المسلمين كثير منهم لا يعرفها إلا نفر قليل ويعرفونها إلا شيئاً يسيراً.
ومن هنا لابد من دراسة هذا الموضوع وبيانه للأمة بياناً شافياً بأدلته المستمدة من الآيات القرآنية والأحداديث النبوية الصحيحة مع ذكر نماذج من حياة الصحابة رضي الله عنهم في تحقيق هذا الأمر، وكيف كانوا يعظمون النبي ويوقرونه في حياتهم اليومية. والهدف من ذلك هو معرفة حقوق النبي على الأمة والقيام بها بلا إفراط فيه ولا تفريط، وبلا غلو ولا جفاء. وسلك الباحث في هذا البحث المنهج الكمي الاستقرائي الاستنتاجي الوصفي المكتبي.
وخلاصة نتيجة هذا البحث معرفة علو مكانة النبي عند الله ووجوب توقيره وتعظيمه ومحبته حيًّا وميّتًا، وعلى كل مسلم أن يتعلم كيفية صحيحة في تعظيم النبي، وأن من لوازم تعظيم النبي طاعته واتباعه و محبة آل بيته وأصحابه رضي الله عنهم ظاهراً وباطناً.
Associations between Clusters of Perceived Social Support Level, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation among Transgender Women: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Tantirattanakulchai Pankaew , Hounnaklang Nuchanad 
Published: August 2021

Background Suicide is recognized as a pivotal public health issue and has become a significant cause of death worldwide. Transgender persons are at greater risk of suicide than the general population. This study aims to identify suicidal ideation in transgender women according to clusters of depressive symptoms, and levels of perceived social support using latent class analysis (LCA) and identify associations between the identified classes and suicidal ideation. Design and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2019 and May 2019 using the snowball sampling method in a sample of 280 transgender women in Bangkok, Thailand. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, and LCA was performed according to the level of perceived social support and depression. The questionnaire included the following: demographic information, measures of social support (MSPSS), depression (CES-D), and suicidal ideation (C-SSRS). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between the identified classes and suicidal ideation. Results The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that suicidal ideation was significantly associated with perceived moderate social support with depression [class 1; odds ratio (OR) 5.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.64-11.71; P<0.001] and perceived low social support with depression (class 4; OR 4.55, 95% CI 1.67-12.42; P=0.003) after adjusting for income sufficiency, chronic disease, and alcohol drinking. Conclusions The findings indicate that less perceived social support and depression significantly increased suicidal ideation among transgender women. To tackle this issue efficiently, it is necessary for public health service providers, parties, and individuals concerned to collaborate and prioritize key agendas that support the social and psychological aspects of transgender women.
Retos docentes ante la COVID-19
Authors: García Samayoa Iris Magnolia 
Published: August 2021

Este escrito tiene como propósito los retos que enfrentan los docentes al momento de dejar las clases presenciales por las clases virtuales con el distanciamiento a causa de la expansión de la pandemia covid-19 provocando nuevos retos en el campo educativo, emitiendo mejorar los procesos de enseñanza, investigación, tecnología para continuar en su labor docente con el afán de seguir desarrollando sus enseñanzas teniendo que aprender a usar nuevas estrategias aplicadas en la tecnología para que los estudiantes del plan diario jornada nocturna del profesorado en enseñanza media en pedagogía y técnico en administración educativa Facultad de Humanidades (FAHUSAC) de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (USAC) puedan continuar con su proceso de aprendizaje. Teniendo como objetivo el determinar los cambios que el docente de la Facultad de Humanidades (FAHUSAC) realizo en la enseñanza y aprendizaje aplicando la tecnología producto de las demandas de la COVID-19. El mundo está cambiando, con la apertura de las alternativas de impartir clases, evidenciando cada reto que el docente tubo en la renovación de enseñar, aprender con el uso de la tecnología, actualizando constantemente sus conocimientos, manteniendo la conectividad a internet, adecuar su tiempo, el lugar para enseñar, las alternativas pedagógicas y la formación docente. El docente con su acompañamiento de actualización enriqueció el proceso de enseñar en estos tiempos con la alfabetización tecnológica y vencer cada reto que obstaculiza. La actualización docente es uno de los retos que siempre jugará un papel importante en el docente para establecer la excelencia académica.
REGISTROS ADMINISTRATIVOS E INVENTARIOS EN LA NORMATIVA DE SUELOS CONTAMINADOS
Authors: BOLAÑO PIÑEIRO MARÍA DEL CARMEN 
Published: August 2021

Los Registros Públicos se presentan como medios idóneos para facilitar
la difusión de la información medioambiental y, así, favorecer el acceso y la
participación de las personas en esta materia. Asimismo, estos registros otorgan a
la Administración Pública los datos necesarios para establecer una política protectora
del medio ambiente acorde con la realidad y fomentar su aplicación de forma
más eficaz. La normativa de suelos contaminados crea una serie de Registros e inventarios
específicos para la difusión de la información recogida en aplicación de
sus preceptos. Por las características del Registro de la Propiedad, éste puede ejercer
un papel importante en la protección ambiental de los suelos. La normativa de
suelos contaminados establece el deber de anotar marginalmente determinados
supuestos relacionados con los terrenos inscritos. Además, estas anotaciones dotarán
de una importante seguridad jurídica al tráfico económico en las transacciones
de terrenos entre particulares.
Erregistro publikoak oso tresna egokiak dira ingurumen-informazioa
zabaltzeko eta herritarrei arlo horretan parte hartzeko aukera emateko.
Gainera, interes handiko datuak ematen dizkiote Administrazio Publikoari, ingurumena
babestera zuzendutako politika errealitatera ahal beste egokitzeko eta eraginkortasunez
aplikatzeko. Lurzoru kutsatuei buruzko araudiak erregistro eta inbentario
zehatz batzuk sortu ditu, bere aginduak aplikatzean bildutako informazioa
ezagutarazteko xedez. Jabetzaren Erregistroak, bere ezaugarriak direla-eta, eginkizun
garrantzitsua izan dezake lurzoruak babesteko orduan. Lurzoru kutsatuen araudiaren
arabera, inskribatutako lurzoruekin lotutako hainbat alderdi albo-oharretan
jaso behar dira, eta ohar horiek segurtasun juridiko handia emango diote lursailak
partikularren artean eskualdatzeko transakzioen trafiko ekonomikoari.
Public registries are considered suitable means to ease the diffusion
of environmental information and therefore to benefit the access and participation
of people in this field. As well, these registries give the Public Administration the
necessary data to establish a protective policy for the environment in conformity
with reality and to promote its application in a more effective way. The normative
regarding contaminated soil creates a series of specific registries and inventories
for the diffusion of the information taken by the application of its provisions. Due
to the characteristics of the Land Registry, it can exercise an important role in the
environmental protection of soils. The normative of contaminated soils establishes
the duty to record marginally specific cases related to registered plots. Besides,
these records will provide the economic traffic for the transactions of plots among
particulars with an important legal certainty.
CONHECIMENTO DE PROFISSIONAIS A RESPEITO DA DISFUNÇÃO TEMPOROMANDIBULAR: UM ESTUDO PILOTO
Authors: Martins Sthefany Santos , Santana Luanna Nascimento , Rodrigues Nascimento Victoria , Moreira Rocha Louise , Araujo Cruz Johnatan Weslley , Maciel Leonardo Yung dos Santos , Paiva Scheila Farias de , Costa Marcela Ralin de Carvalho Déda 
Published: August 2021

Introdução: A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) é definida como um conjunto de distúrbios que envolvem os músculos mastigatórios, a articulação temporomandibular (ATM) e estruturas associadas. Em razão da etiologia multifatorial, exige uma abordagem terapêutica multidisciplinar, mediante uma equipe formada por vários especialistas. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência do processo de construção do questionário piloto: Os conhecimentos dos fisioterapeutas, fonoaudiólogos e odontólogos do estado de Sergipe acerca do tratamento das DTMs. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório de caráter qualitativo, realizado com um grupo de juízes para validação do conteúdo do instrumento. Esta foi realizada em quatro etapas: I- Criação do questionário piloto; II- Recrutamento dos juízes; III- Considerações dos juízes e; IV- Correção e finalização do questionário. A análise das considerações propostas pelos avaliadores foram realizadas pela equipe de pesquisadores, a fim de que se pudesse avaliar a coerência entre os comentários e sugestões. Resultados: Foram analisadas e adotadas as sugestões consideradas relevantes para o objetivo da pesquisa, levando em consideração as contribuições de 4 avaliadores que aderiram a pesquisa. Diante disso, o questionário passou por modificações e sua versão final ficou com 16 questões, sendo estas relacionadas aos dados pessoais, profissionais e ao conhecimento acerca do diagnóstico, tratamento e atuação multiprofissional na DTM. Conclusão: Após as sugestões realizadas pelos avaliadores selecionados, conclui-se que o questionário tornou-se mais claro e relevante para a autoaplicação e agora ele está pronto para ser enviado para os profissionais da fisioterapia, fonoaudiologia e odontologia vinculados aos seus respectivos conselhos regionais do estado de Sergipe.
Cortisolontregeling bij werknemers met burnout; een pilotstudy
Authors: Mommersteeg Paula , Heijnen Cobi , Keijsers Ger , Verbraak Marc , van Doornen Lorenz 
Published: August 2021

Cortisol disturbance in employees suffering burnout; a pilot study
Cortisol disturbance in employees suffering burnout; a pilot study
P. Mommersteeg, C. Heijnen, G. Keijsers, M. Verbraak & L. van Doornen, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume 17, February 2004, nr. 1, pp. 18-31.
Burnout symptoms are the result of chronic job stress and insufficient recovery. Deviations in the secretion level of the stress hormone cortisol are associated with chronic stress and stress-related health problems. This study examined whether burnout subjects show a disturbed cortisol profile immediately after awakening, and whether a recovery of the deviating cortisol profile coincides with the relief of burnout symptoms after therapy. In this study the cortisol levels of both a clinical burnout group of employees (n=22) who were treated for their symptoms, and a matched control group (n=21) were determined, half an hour after awakening. The burnout group was sampled once more after 14 treatment sessions over approximately 6 months. At the initial measurement the burnout group showed lower cortisol levels after awakening in comparison to the control group. After treatment the burnout group reported fewer complaints whereas elevated levels of cortisol were found. Paradoxically, the rise in cortisol after therapy seems mainly attributable to subjects showing the least improvement in symptoms of exhaustion. Small sample size and the complexity and dynamics of this stress-response system complicate a clear interpretation of these findings.
Taakeisen, hulpbronnen en psychische gezondheid: Het Demand-Induced Strain Compensation (DISC)-Model
Authors: de Jonge Jan , Dormann Christian , van Vegchel Natasja 
Published: August 2021

Job demands, job resources and mental health: the Demand-Induced Strain Compensation (DISC) Model
Job demands, job resources and mental health: the Demand-Induced Strain Compensation (DISC) Model
J. de Jonge, C. Dormann & N. van Vegchel, Gedrag & Organisatie, volume17, February 2004, nr. 1, pp. 59-79.
In this paper a new theoretical model, the Demand-Induced Strain Compensation (DISC)-Model, is discussed. The DISC-Model tries to explain how and why employees compensate for high job demands in order to diminish or prevent (mental) health complaints. In addition, the model tries to predict constructive reinforcement of behavior patterns ('active learning'), which in turn may lead to work motivation and personal growth. Some assumptions of the DISC-Model were tested in an exploratory way, in two cross-sectional studies consisting of health care workers (n=471 and n=405). In general, results of this exploratory study showed that a particular match between specific job demands and job-related resources has the highest predictive validity with regard to cognitive, behavioral and emotional outcomes (i.e. active learning behavior, physical health problems, and emotional exhaustion respectively). It is concluded that the study provides some further empirical support for the DISC-Model. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Coördinatie tussen individuen en tussen teams: over het belang van inzicht in sociale dilemma's
Authors: de Best-Waldhober Marjolein , K.W. De Dreu Carsten , van Knippenberg Daan 
Published: August 2021

Coordination between individuals and between teams: the importance of insight in social dilemmas
Coordination between individuals and between teams: the importance of insight in social dilemmas
Marjolein de Best-Waldhober, Carsten K.W. De Dreu & Daan van Knippenberg, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 17, June 2004, nr. 3, pp. 187-203.
In the context of a social dilemma, in which turn taking serves collective outcomes and only in the long run self-interest and personal outcomes, we studied long-term coordination, i.e. the alternation of sacrifice to achieve maximum joint outcomes. In particular, we studied the differences between individuals and dyads (two person groups) in coordination situations. Recent studies that compared individual with group negotiation seem to lead to opposite predictions. One paradigm predicts groups will perform better, because they outweigh individuals cognitively. The other paradigm predicts individuals will perform better, because they tend to have less fear and greed than groups. Results from the current study primarily support the first explanation. Dyads were less influenced by the complexity of the situation structure than individuals, because they have a better understanding of the long term structure of the situation.
Enthousiasme en charismatisch leiderschap: een scenario-experiment
Authors: Damen Frederic , van Knippenberg Barbara , van Knippenberg Daan 
Published: August 2021

Enthusiasm and charismatic leadership: a scenario experiment
Enthusiasm and charismatic leadership: a scenario experiment
Frederic Damen, Barbara van Knippenberg & Daan van Knippenberg, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 17, August 2004, pp. 272-288.
Analyses of leadership, in particular of charismatic leadership, mention the display and transference of emotions of the leader, especially enthusiasm, as important ingredients of charismatic leadership. Quantitative support, however, for the role of emotions in general is scarce, whereas quantitative support for the role of enthusiasm is lacking. In this paper a model of leadership emotions is presented, which focuses on the effects of enthusiasm of the leader on the perceptions of the followers ,as well as on the process underlying these effects.
A scenario experiment showed that enthusiastic leaders are perceived as being more charismatic than relaxed leaders and this effect was mediated by translation of (self reported) arousal. Charisma was found to function as a mediator in the relationship between arousal and perceived leader effectiveniss. The model therefore implies that an enthusiastic leader transfers more arousal tot followers than a relaxed leader. This transfer of arousal leads to higher perceived charisma of the leader and therefore implies that an enthusiastic leade transfers more arousal to followers than a relaxed leader. This transfer of arousal leads to higher perceived charisma of the leader and therefore, ultimately, to a higher perceived leader effectiveness.
Zelfwaardering, zelfbepaling en authenticiteit: visies vanuit de sociale psychologie
Authors: Vonk Roos 
Published: August 2021

Self-esteem, self-determination and authenticity: views from social psychology
Self-esteem, self-determination and authenticity: views from social psychology
R. Vonk, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 17, October 2004, nr. 5, pp. 292-302.
The first part of this paper describes how people distort reality to protect a favorable self-concept. This creates friction between the need for self-esteem and the facts of life which include failure and rejection. In the second part, the distinction between 'real' and defensive self-esteem is described. 'Real' self-esteem is the result of self-determination: being in contact with one's inner values and motives and acting in accordance with those, rather than looking for reaffirmation by others. 'Real' self-esteem is associated with authenticity, intrinsic motivation, and inspiration. In the third part, the limitations of this view are discussed, and it is argued that positive psychology (from which this view has emerged), too, does not concord with reality, because rewarding relations with others are a necessary condition for personal growth. A plea is made for more realistic forms of autonomy, and for a synthesis between positive and 'cynical' research within social psychology.
Naar ontzuiling en samenwerking in de studie van gedrag en organisatie
Authors: G.L. Schruijer Sandra 
Published: August 2021

Towards depolarization and collaboration in the study of behaviour and organization
Towards depolarization and collaboration in the study of behaviour and organization
S.G.L. Schruijer, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 17, October 2004, nr. 5, pp. 303-309
In this article I discuss the current practices of social and organizational psychology in view of the necessity to collaborate between both as established by Gedrag & Organisatie. I argue that social and organizational psychology are overspecialized and pillarized, reinforced by the nature of universities' structure, measurement culture and personnel- and control systems. An exclusive attention to performance indicators leads tot instrumental and individualistic behaviour. Room for diversity and collaboration is hardly present at universities although the call for multidisciplinary research is strong. I provide some suggestions on how collaboration can be realized and conclude with the wish that Gedrag en Organisatie will devote attention to the reflection on the practice of science.
Gedrag & Organisatie door de jaren heen: een methodologische rondleiding
Authors: Taris Toon , de Jonge Jan , Fekke Ybema Jan 
Published: August 2021

Gedrag & Organisatie through the years: What methodological tools do researchers in I/O psychology employ?
Gedrag & Organisatie through the years: What methodological tools do researchers in I/O psychology employ?
Toon Taris, Jan de Jonge & Jan Fekke Ybema, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 18, February 2005, nr. 1, pp. 47-57
The present study examines to what extent methodological innovations disseminate to researchers in I/O psychology. First we examined which issues are discussed in the methodological chapters of a variety of introductory and advanced textbooks in the field of I/O psychology. Based on this inventory, we content-analyzed 67 empirical articles that appeared in the Dutch journal Gedrag & Organisatie, in 1990/1991 and 2002/2003. The results show that methodological innovations with regard to the measurement of concepts and design of studies are largely absent. However, researchers seem more open to innovations with regard to analysis of their data. It is concluded that it is desirable that I/O researchers become (re)acquainted with relevant methodological developments.
Innovatief werkgedrag en stress als reacties op roloverlading en rolambiguïteit
Authors: B. de Jong Simon , Janssen Onne 
Published: August 2021

Innovative working behavior and stress as a response to role overload and role ambiguity
Innovative working behavior and stress as a response to role overload and role ambiguity
Simon B. de Jong & Onne Janssen, Gedrag & Organisatie, Volume 18, April 2005, nr. 2, pp. 66-82
This research develops and tests the hypothesis that role ambiguity strengthens the positive relationship between role overload and innovative work behavior, whereas role clarity (i.e. less role ambiguity) weakens this relationship. Furthermore, it is presumed that role overload is positively related to stress regardless of the level of role ambiguity. The results of a survey study, involving 101 employees of a Dutch healthcare insurance company, showed that role overload was indeed positively related with innovative work behavior when employees experience a high level of role ambiguity, whereas this relationship did not occur when employees experienced the role clarity. In addition, role ambiguity did not appear to have a moderating influence on the positive relationship between role overload and stress. The results are discussed in the context of the Job Demand-Control-model and recent findings in literature on innovation.