bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strengthening the success rate of suprapubic aspiration in infants by integrating point-of-care ultrasonography guidance: A parallel-randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mahdipour Sadroddin , Saadat Seyedeh Nastaran Seyed , Badeli Hamidreza , Rad Afagh Hassanzadeh 
Published: July 2021

Background
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease in childhood. A sterile collection of urine samples using suprapubic aspiration (SPA) and bladder catheterization (BC) is helpful for rapid and accurate diagnosis of UTI in infants. With the advent of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), the use of ultrasound by non-radiologists at the patient’s bedside, great advancement has been noticed in various medical fields. Considering the importance and advantages of using POCUS in the physical examination and guiding procedures, the authors aimed to compare urine sampling’s success rate by SPA, BC, and POCUS guided SPA (POCUS-SPA) in infants performed by three pediatricians.

Materials and methods
This study is a randomized clinical trial conducted on 114 neonates and infants with suspected UTI admitted to 17-Shahrivar children’s hospital from April 2017 to September 2019. Neonates and infants were randomly assigned to three groups of BC, SPA, and POCUS-SPA. The primary outcome was the success of sampling defined by obtaining 1cc of urine in each method. The secondary outcome was assessing the pain level.

Results
Results showed that the POCUS-SPA had the highest success rate in urine sampling, and a statistically significant relation was noted among the three groups (P = 0.0001). From 38 patients in each group, 37 patients of POCUS-SPA (97.4%), 34 patients of BC (89.5%), and 23 patients of SPA (60.5%) had a successful sampling. Most of the patients in all three groups experienced severe pain.

Conclusions
In the current study, results showed that the POCUS-SPA significantly increased the success rate of urine sampling and most of the patients in all three groups had severe pain. Based on the shortage of access to radiologists in emergency setups, it seems that the POCUS-SPA by the pediatricians can be one of the most appropriate and applicable diagnostic methods in infants with UTI.
Association between socioeconomic status and physical inactivity in a general Japanese population: NIPPON DATA2010
Authors: Sumimoto Yuka , Yanagita Masahiko , Miyamatsu Naomi , Okuda Nagako , Nishi Nobuo , Nakamura Yosikazu , Nakamura Koshi , Miyagawa Naoko , Miyachi Motohiko , Kadota Aya , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Okamura Tomonori , Ueshima Hirotsugu , Okayama Akira , Miura Katsuyuki ,   for NIPPON DATA2010 Research Group
Published: July 2021

Background
Lower socioeconomic status (SES) may be related to inactivity lifestyle; however, the association between SES and physical inactivity has not been sufficiently investigated in Japan.

Methods
The study population is the participants of NIPPON DATA2010, which is a prospective cohort study of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2010 in Japan. They were residents in 300 randomly selected areas across Japan. This study included 2,609 adults. Physical activity was assessed by physical activity index (PAI) calculated from activity intensity and time. The lowest tertile of PAI for each 10-year age class and sex was defined as physical inactivity. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of SES (employment status, educational attainment, living status, and equivalent household expenditure (EHE)) with physical inactivity.

Results
In the distribution of PAI by age classes and sex, the highest median PAI was aged 30–39 years among men (median 38.6), aged 40–49 years among women (38.0), and median PAI was decreased with increasing age. Multivariable-adjusted model shows that not working was significantly associated with physical inactivity after adjustment for age in all age groups and sexes. Not living with spouse for adult women and elderly men was significantly associated with physical inactivity compared to those who living with spouse. However, neither educational attainment nor EHE had any significant associations with physical inactivity.

Conclusions
The result indicated that physical inactivity was associated with SES in a general Japanese population. SES of individuals need to be considered in order to prevent inactivity lifestyle.
El impacto de las TIC en la transformación de la enseñanza universitaria: repensar los modelos de enseñanza y aprendizaje
Authors: Rodríguez Izquierdo Rosa María 
Published: July 2021

En los últimos años el debate sobre el uso de las TIC en las universidades se ha convertido en un tema estrella. En la educación superior las TIC, a menudo, se perciben como un catalizador para el cambio, en el estilo de enseñanza, en los métodos de aprendizaje y en el acceso a la información. Existen expectativas de que su utilización beneficie el ambiente de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
Con este artículo intentaremos dar a conocer, y conscientes de nuestra gran osadía, algunos debates y planteamientos que surgen de la investigación en relación a las TIC y la educación superior. Acepto de antemano las críticas a mi atrevida pretensión. No pretendemos ser originales y admitimos que tenemos más preguntas que respuestas al examinar que está pasando realmente con el uso de las TIC en la educación universitaria.
El artículo sugiere que no se trata de las tecnologías sino de los propósitos educativos y de la pedagogía que deben proporcionar el liderazgo en la comprensión no sólo de cómo trabajar con las TIC sino del por qué es beneficioso hacerlo.
Cómo mejorar el razonamiento causal y la motivación científica en la educación intelectual de los estudiantes de medicina. Utilización de nuevas tecnologías en la metodología docente
Authors: Mezquita Mas Belén , Mezquita Pla Jovita , Mezquita Pla Cristóbal 
Published: July 2021

La utilización de nuevas tecnologías en metodología docente no constituye una finalidad en sí misma sino un instrumento al servicio de un objetivo educativo. Partiendo de las ideas formuladas por Abraham Flexner hace 100 años, nuestro objetivo educativo consiste en mejorar el razonamiento científico de los estudiantes de Medicina. Para conseguirlo, reducimos la cantidad de información suministrada a los estudiantes y ponemos el énfasis en las relaciones causales entre las variables responsables de las principales funciones fisiológicas. Por otra parte, tratamos de transmitir a los estudiantes la emoción de los descubrimientos científicos y les damos la oportunidad de trabajar durante un tiempo en la poyata de un laboratorio. La utilización de las nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación permite tutelar, de manera individualizada, la formación intelectual de nuestros estudiantes, haciendo accesible a un gran número de ellos lo que en otro tiempo fue el privilegio de un número reducido de discípulos.
Creación de objetos de enseñanza y aprendizaje mediante el uso didáctico de la pizarra digital interactiva (PDI)
Authors: Dorado Perea Carles 
Published: July 2021

El Laboratorio virtual de Tecnología Educativa es un proyecto de innovación e investigación enmarcado en el plan de ayudas 2009 de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, que tiene por finalidad mejorar las competencias digitales del profesorado y alumnado, en el uso de herramientas tecnológicas, como ahora la PDI, con el fin de optimizar los procesos de transmisión de información y comunicación en el aula, y en definitiva repercutir en mejores logros en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.
Este artículo incursiona en la experiencia llevada a cabo desde el grupo de investigación de Metodologías en Educación y Multimedia (MEM), por diversos profesores y alumnos de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la UAB, seleccionando, diseñando y creando contenidos y dinámicas educativas transmisivas, interactivas y colaborativas, a través de Internet.
La incorporación de esta sencilla y asequible tecnología, en sus diversas modalidades, así como la facilidad de su uso, permite a los agentes participantes la doble perspectiva de la acción y la reflexión, tanto del análisis y evaluación del proceso de generación, como de los resultados obtenidos, favoreciendo así las dinámicas colaborativas, metacognitivas y de generación del conocimiento.
Every breath you take. Every freight you make: Environmental pollution index for road transportation
Authors: CEZARINO LUCIANA ORANGES , BAESSE LORENA , FILHO ADHEMAR RONQUIM , FREITAS MARLOS ROCHA 
Published: July 2021

Goal: This study analyzes the impacts of the transportation sector on air pollution within the scope of one major Brazilian metropolitan region.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A literature review was conducted on the subject's constructs, with subsequent reasoning grounded on the fleet's characteristics and data obtained from in-depth interviews from a government transportation agency.
Results: The results show Brazil's contextual evidence that risk management for the haulage sector should consider air pollution's negative impacts. With air quality standards as an essential reference, it is possible to observe that the city of Uberlândia does not effectively manage air quality.
Limitations of investigation: One limitation of this research is related to the representativeness of the sample. The research also recommends future studies to use government policies for the improvement of the framework.
Practical implications: The local and contextual addressing of air pollution and transport correlation in one focal point for cargo transportation at a national level pontentially contributes to environmental public policies.
Originality/value: Originality value resides in considering emissions from cargo vehicles as a significant factor in this process of air pollution in a specific context of a metropolitan area of an emerging economy that has its transportation modal grounded on trucking freight.
Homophily Groups, Social Capital and Community Development in Cameroon
Authors: Forje Lema Catherine 
Published: July 2021

Social groups have contributed enormously in community development in Cameroon. Such contributions have very often been overlooked by policy makers, as such; is not included in policy formation. Social capital generated by groups has been discussed at length in the literature, but its effects on the society remain unclear, thus often only associated with poverty. Such association discourages creative endeavours as well as distorts its meaning and functioning. It also misleads future studies and distort their information searching path. This study discusses how homophily groups in Cameroon get funds from members, the diasporas and well wishers and use to provide services to the community. Some of the projects provided by these social groups include: school buildings, hospitals, water supply tanks; church buildings and equipments. They also provide individual security in the form of supporting vigilantic groups that help maintain law, order and peace in the community at large. The paper discusses the bases of their group formation which is the core of group sustainability. Data was collected from two large homophily groups, one ethnicity and one alumnae base with an average of one hundred and twenty five members per group in one region in Cameroon, and twenty five related Cameroonian in the diasporas. The result shows that the homophily groups are very devoted and committed in carrying out developmental projects in their various communities. The implication is that this study will encourage policy makers to recognise the activities of such groups which could motivate the emergence of others to imitate the approach to the overall communities. The recommendation is that they need to invest in money generating activities to enable them achieve their objectives without the strain of constantly dipping into their personal budget and depending on external sources for sustainability. The society needs to be educated to know the contributions of groups in the community.
Lernanlässe und Lerngelegenheiten in informellen Lernkontexten in der Altenpflege
Authors: Rosemann Therese 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Befunde zum informellen Lernen am Arbeitsplatz stützen sich auf wenige Analysen und Studienergebnisse. Bislang ist unklar, welche Lernanlässe den Erwerb zusätzlicher Informationen in informellen Lernkontexten auslösen, welche Lerngelegenheiten durch die Beschäftigten der Altenpflege genutzt werden und wie die Lernaktivitäten zu klassifizieren sind. Der vorliegende Beitrag benennt berufsspezifische Lernanlässe und zeigt auf, welche Lerngelegenheiten für den zusätzlichen Erwerb von Informationen, Kenntnissen und Fähigkeiten durch die Beschäftigten der Altenpflege wahrgenommen werden. Insgesamt verweisen die Befunde der Interviewstudie auf die Relevanz digitaler Medien und es zeigen sich tätigkeitsspezifische Unterschiede in der Nutzung ausgewählter Lerngelegenheiten.
An Investigation Into Career Development Contexts of University Russian Language Teachers in China (1949-2019) From the Perspective of Ecological Theory
Authors: Tao Yuan , Jiang Zhanhao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough much research has been conducted on the interactions between the career development of foreign language teachers and their contexts around the world, a literature review reveals that there exists scanty research on the relationship between university Russian language teachers’ career development and their contexts in China since 1949. Based on relevant studies on the career development of foreign language teachers and the ecological theory, this paper involves research on the impact that different ecological systems (micro-, meso-, macro- and exo-ones) have played in the career development of Russian language teachers in China. Participants are 10 Chinese Russian teachers of different ages from different universities in different parts of China. Via literature review, narration methods and semi-structured (in-depth) interviews with the help of NVivo, this research finds that Russian language teachers ’ career development results from multi-faceted interactions of the following contexts: ideology, Russian language educational policies and personal factors as well as college contexts. This paper concludes with some suggestions for improving Russian language teachers’ career development in China.
How our Bodies Become Us: Embodiment, Semiosis and Intersubjectivity
Authors: Violi Patrizia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the body and the related notion of embodiment have become pervasive objects of inquiry in numerous disciplines, ranging from cognitive science to philosophy, linguistics, semiotics, cultural anthropology, and so on. This article aims to investigate more closely the characteristics of the notion of ‘body’ presupposed by these different theories, which often naturalize the body by taking it as a non-gendered, pre-discursive phenomenon, and thus hiding the concrete reality of the many different bodies we all as persons possess, with all their specific social, cultural, and discursive determinations. The body is not an isolated entity, but the result of a complex set of interactions with the environment and with others, where intersubjectivity plays a crucial role. Much research over the last few years has focused on the ways in which the body has inscribed in itself a predisposition to intersubjectivity: this article discusses another, complementary, question: the way in which intersubjectivity itself shapes bodies. Here the body is seen as the result of a process that takes place in a sociocultural environment and in intimate interaction with others, rather than the starting point for a process that, beginning from the single organism, expands and opens up towards a wider relational world. In this approach, intersubjectivity becomes a semiotic dimension of the social co-construction and sharing of meaning. All forms of intersubjectivity imply, and at the same time produce, a work of continual interpretation and reinterpretation which lies at the very basis of the peircean concept of semiosis. Finally, to exemplify how intersubjectivity, semiosis, and embodiment intimately intertwine with one another, one particular field of investigation is considered: the very the first stages of human development, where it is shown how the body becomes a semiotic entity: something much more than - and very different from - a purely natural organism.
Constructing an Entrepreneurial Identity: How Enterprise Intentions Among Young People are Motivationally Formed
Authors: Malmström Malin , Öqvist Anna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As enterprise education plays a larger role in schools and young individuals increasingly become the target of entrepreneurial and enterprise policy initiatives, there is a growing need to understand how entrepreneurial intentions can be fostered. This study builds on analyses of interviews with young potential entrepreneurs and their young counterparts, delving more deeply into the identity construction that motivates some individuals, but not others, to develop entrepreneurial identities and enterprise intentions. The findings outline two contrasting routes to identity construction, shedding light on how enterprise intentions are motivationally embedded and providing details on the micro-foundations of identity formation that shape these identities and intentions toward enterprise activity.
Antioxidant potential of bulk and nanoparticles of naringenin against cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Al-Ghamdi Nouf Abdallah Mreat , Virk Promy , Hendi Awatif , Awad Manal , Elobeid Mai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study assessed the attenuating effect of citrus flavonone, naringenin, and its nanoformulation against cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Nanoparticles of naringenin (NNn) were synthesized; size 165.1 nm (PDI 0.396) in variable shapes; cluster widespread, spherical accumulated, and tubular bacillary. Parallel, mature male Nile tilapia (n = 120 fish) were used for the exposure study. Group I was negative control. The groups II, III, and IV were exposed to 5 ppm of cadmium chloride monohydrate (CdCl2·H2O) for 21 days. Group III was treated with bulk naringenin (BNn) (3 ppm) and group IV was treated with NNn (3 ppm). Group V was exposed only to NNn (3 ppm). Cd-induced oxidative stress was evident from a significant increase in the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and modulation of antioxidant enzymes in the liver and kidney. A significant increase in the hepatic metallothionein and HSP70 levels in the gills was observed. Treatment with both BNn and NNn significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reversed the Cd-induced alterations. However, the protective effect of nano naringenin was more profound on the bioaccumulation of Cd in liver and levels of HSP70 in the gills. These key findings could add to the commercial exploitation of naringenin and its nanosized form as a dietary therapeutic molecule.
The effect of Madhumeha Kusumakar Rasa – an Ayurved medicine – in insulin resistance
Authors: Kavishwar Samruddhi , Sanaye Mrinal , Nair Monisha , Chawda Mukesh , Kshirsagar Viplav , Kulkarni Yogesh A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Madhumeha Kusumakar Rasa (MKR) is an Ayurved formulation having a strong pharmacological base for diabetes management. This study aimed to validate MKR's efficacy in dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance (IR).

Methods
Albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 served as the normal control, Group 2 received dexamethasone 1.5 mg/kg (i.p.), Group 3 received dexamethasone and metformin 200 mg/kg (p.o.), and Group 4 received dexamethasone and MKR 236 mg/kg (p.o.). Animals were evaluated for serum glucose levels and glucose tolerance, serum insulin, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS), fasting glucose to insulin ratio (FGIR), and lipid parameters. Pancreas, liver, and kidneys were evaluated for reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These tissues were also evaluated for histopathological changes.

Results
MKR showed significant improvement in serum glucose and glucose tolerance, serum insulin and HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS, and FGIR. It also showed a significant improvement in lipid parameters as compared to the dexamethasone-treated group. It prevented depletion of GSH levels and elevation in MDA levels. These effects were supported by histopathological analysis.

Conclusions
MKR treatment significantly attenuated dexamethasone-induced IR. This study validates the mechanism of the anti-diabetic potential of MKR.
Dexmedetomidine may decrease the bupivacaine toxicity to heart
Authors: Jin Zhousheng , Xia Fangfang , Lin Tingting , Cai Yaoyao , Chen Hongfei , Wang Yuelan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of our study was to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine on cardiac tolerance to bupivacaine.

Method
Human coronary endothelial cells were used to establish in vitro model. They were randomly divided into control (Con) group, dexmedetomidine (Dex) group, bupivacaine (Bupi) group, dexmedetomidine + bupivacaine group (DB group), and dexmedetomidine + bupivacaine + PI3K inhibitor (DB-inhibitor) group. Cell activity was measured by Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Transwell was used to detect cell permeability. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of related factors.

Results
There were no notable differences in cell activity among the five groups (P > 0.05). Dexmedetomidine significantly reduced the permeability of endothelial cells to bupivacaine and increased the protein expression of Zonulaoeeludens-1 (ZO-1) (P < 0.01). However, the aforementioned effects of dexmedetomidine were disappeared after the addition of PI3K inhibitors. Furthermore, Dex and DB markedly increased the protein expression of PI3K, p-Akt, and p-PTEN in comparison with Con group (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in p-PTEN among DB-inhibitor, Con, and Bupi groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Dex reduced Bupi-induced vasopermeability through protein expression of ZO-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway, which may lead to the decrease of Bupi-induced cardiotoxicity.