bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Living Arrangement Modifies the Associations of Loneliness with Adverse Health Outcomes in Older Adults: Evidence From the CLHLS
Authors: Wei Kai , Liu Yong , Yang Junjie , Gu Nannan , Cao Xinyi , Zhao Xudong , Jiang Lijuan , Li Chunbo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Although it has been suggested that loneliness is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, living arrangement may confound the association. This study aimed to investigate whether the associations of loneliness with adverse health outcomes differ in community-dwelling older adults according to different living arrangements.Methods: In the 2008/2009 wave of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 16255 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) were recruited. Living arrangements and feelings of loneliness were assessed. Health outcomes including cognitive and physical functions were assessed using MMSE, ADL/IADL scales and Frailty Index in the 2008/2009 and 2011/2012 waves; mortality was assessed in the 3-year follow-up from 2008/2009 to 2011/2012. The associations of loneliness with adverse health outcomes accroding to different living arrangements were estimated using logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards regression models. Interactions between living arrangement and loneliness on adverse health outcomes were also investigated.Results: Older adults who were lonely (47.8% of those living alone and 25% of those living with others) had higher prevalence of cognitive impairment, frailty and 3-year mortality than older adults without loneliness, especially among those who lived with others (OR=1.31, 95% CI=1.15-1.51; OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.26-1.60; HR=1.16, 95% CI=1.07-1.26, respecitvely). In contrast, among the living alone older adults, loneliness was only associated with higher prevalence of frailty (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.06-1.88). Living arrangement modified the associations of loneliness with prevalent cognitive impairment and mortality (P values for interactions=0.006 and 0.015, respectively).Conclusions: Living arrangement modifies the associations of loneliness with adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults, and those who lived with others but felt lonely had worse cognitive and physical functions as well as higher mortality. Special attention should be paid to this population to reduce adverse health outcomes.
The Rice NRT2.4 Alters Metabolism and Nitrogen Uptake through Root Modulation
Authors: de Souza Andressa Fabiane Faria , Bucher Carlos Alberto , Arruda Leilson Novaes , Rangel Rafael Passos , Santos Leandro Azevedo , Fernandes Manlio Silvestre , de Souza Sonia Regina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose The expression patterns of the NRT2 genes have been well described, however, it is not well known the role of OsNRT2.4 in root growth. In this study we thus aimed at investigating the role of high-affinity NO3- transport OsNRT2.4 in NO3--regulated and the modulation of root growth.Methods Through the gene silencing technique amiRNA-mediated we successfully obtained osnrt2.4 knockdown lines to study the role of OsNRT2.4 on root growth under low nitrate conditions. We performed real time RT-PCR analysis to investigate the relative gene expression level in root and shoot, soluble metabolites, and measurement of root system.Results Knockdown of OsNRT2.4 did not affect rice growth. In comparison with wild-type (WT) plants showed that knockdown of OsNRT2.4 inhibited root formation under low NO3- supply. We demonstrated that the mutant lines had significantly increased NO3- uptake than WT plants when growth in different nitrate supply; osnrt2.4 knockdown lines showed an alteration in nitrogen metabolism, and this affected the root growth. The downregulation of OsNRT2.4 enhanced the expression of genes response of low external NO3- concentrations.Conclusion Herein we provide new insights in OsNRT2.4 functions. Our data demonstrated that OsNRT2.4 plays a role in root growth, nitrogen metabolic pathway and probably have functions in nitrate transport from root to shoot under low nitrate availability in rice.
Research on Thermal Stiffness of Machine Tool Spindle Bearing under Different Initial Preload and Speed Based on FBG Sensors
Authors: DONG Yanfang , CHEN Feifan , LU Tuanliang , QIU Ming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As a key parameter, stiffness determines the dynamic characteristics of the bearing and the spindle unit. However, the interaction of the spindle speed, initial preload, and cutting force will change the bearing stiffness characteristics during the running process cause the thermal expansion of spindle unit components. Aiming at real-time online monitoring of the thermal characteristics of machine tool spindle bearing stiffness, this paper proposed a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors network. And under different axial loads, combined axial and specific radial load, the bearing temperature rise, thermally induced preload, and thermal stiffness are studied. The results show that the thermal stiffness of the bearing decreases with the increase of the spindle speed, and there is an optimal initial preload at the speed to maximize the thermal stiffness of the bearing, and the thermally induced preload has an additional pre-tightening effect on the bearing.
Diagnostic Performance and Image Quality of 20-second Breath-hold Total-body PET/CT Acquisition in Stage Ia Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Duan Yanhua , Zhao Minjie , Zan Keyu , Wang Ying , Cui Xiao , Li Kun , Chai Leiying , Liu Wen , Ge Min , Wang Ximing , Chen Li , Cheng Zhaoping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance and image quality of a 20-second breath-hold (BH) 18F-FDG total-body PET acquisition compared with a free-breathing (FB) PET for stage IA pulmonary adenocarcinoma.Materials and MethodsForty-seven patients with confirmed stage IA pulmonary adenocarcinoma were enrolled. All patients underwent total-body 18F–FDG PET/CT and the acquisition time was 300 s, followed by a 20-s BH PET. A 20-s FB PET was extracted from the 300-s PET. The size and volume of lesions were measured on BHCT images. The SUVmax, tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), %ΔSUVmax and %ΔTBR of the lesions were measured and recorded. The lesions were further divided by distance from pleura, lesion size, and morphological characteristic for subgroup analysis. ResultsIn the cohort and subgroup analysis, the SUVmax and TBR were significantly increased with 20-BH PET compared with 300-FB PET and 20-FB PET (all p＜0.05). And the %ΔSUVmax and %ΔTBR in D1 groups (≤10 mm in distance) higher than those in D2 and D3 groups (＞10 mm). The diagnostic performance of BH PET was significantly higher than that of FB PET (all p＜0.001). The Bland-Altman plot for agreement on lesion’s volume between BH PET and CT showed good agreement than FB PET.ConclusionThe 20-s BH PET acquisition is more sensitive to quantitative and qualitative analysis for stage IA pulmonary adenocarcinoma. 20-s BH PET/CT acquisition reduces the blurring effect of respiratory motion especially for subpleural nodules (≤10 mm in distance).
A Numerical Investigation of Co-flow Jet Effects on Airfoil Aerodynamic Characteristics
Authors: Yazdani Shima , Salimipour Erfan , Salimipour Ayoob 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The present paper numerically investigates the performance of a Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) on the static and dynamic stall control of the NACA 0024 airfoil at Reynolds number 1.5 × 105. The two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved using the SST k-ω turbulence model. The results show that the lift coefficients at the low angles of attack (up to α = 15̊) are significantly increased at Cµ = 0.06, however for the higher momentum coefficients, it is not seen an improvement in the aerodynamic characteristics. Also, the dynamic stall for a range of α between 0̊ and 20̊ at the mentioned Reynolds number and with the reduced frequency of 0.15 for two CFJ cases with Cµ = 0.05 and 0.07 are investigated. For the case with Cµ = 0.07, the lift coefficient curve did not present a noticeable stall feature compared to Cµ = 0.05. The effect of this active flow control by increasing the Reynolds numbers from 0.5 × 105 to 3 × 105 is also investigated. At all studied Reynolds numbers, the lift coefficient enhances as the momentum coefficient increases where its best performance is obtained at the angle of attack α = 15̊.
Does Haggling Provide Utility in Information Asymmetric Markets? Evidence from Sales Tactics
Authors: Hasan Prottay 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Economic theory has largely focused on the purely economic motive of haggling: to reach a better price, and a small body of research at the noneconomic. Even in the discussion of the noneconomic, which veers towards psychological ideas of motivations for haggling, I contend that there remains an angle unexplored: that the act of haggling itself provides economic utility to buyers. This idea generates the main hypothesis of the research: in certain markets, there are customers more likely to purchase a good they have haggled for to a certain price than a copy they have not haggled for, at the same price. In certain markets, therefore, one of the factors of the utility function of a good is the utility gained from haggling for it. The research aims to explore this idea from the economic perspective, develop a model and posit possible implications. Analysis is based on data collected from shopkeepers in Dhaka’s ‘Nilkhet’: from structured interviews with bookstore salesmen, and an FGD with apparel store owners which reside in markets prone to haggling. Based on the analysis, a new model on haggling has been developed that tries to explain the pricing in haggling markets. The data suggests that price in information asymmetric markets is set based not only on the bargaining power of producers (a la information asymmetry), but also on the set expectation that customers will haggle and seek haggled purchases. In these markets, utility from the act of bargaining is recognized and creates an additional buffer to the price. The price buffer adds to the previously ‘intended’ price, and is a mechanism by which market recognizes customers’ utility from haggling and charges them for it. It not only accounts for the noneconomic aspect to haggling but, in what ends up being one of the most unexpectedly powerful suggestions of the research, also factors in how shifts in consumer behavior could have resulted in such markets mostly disappearing from developed economies around the world
Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression, Prognostic Value and Immune Microenvironment of Family Members in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhang Mengjun , Yin Yue , Sun Zhenxing , Liu Yuan , Wang Yiru , Chen Xiuwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide, and its immunotherapy has considerable prospects. Multiple members of the CMTM family were aberrantly expressed in human cancers and controled key malignant biological processes and immune regulation in cancer development. However, little is known about the function of this gene family in ovarian cancer, especially in terms of immunity.Methods: GEPIA, Oncomine, HPA, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA and TIMER were used to analyze the differential gene expression, prognostic value, genetic alterations and alterations in the immune microenvironment of the CMTM family in patients with ovarian cancer. Importantly, RT-qPCR was used to verify the gene expression of the CMTM family.Results: CMTM1/3/4/6/7/8 showed abnormally high expression at the mRNA and protein levels in OV tissues based on the GEPIA and HPA databases. RT-qPCR showed that CMTM1/6/8 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer cell lines. Survival analysis showed that high expression of CMTM1/2/3/5/8 can lead to a significant reduction in overall survival and progression-free survival. There were many types of genetic alterations in the CMTM family. And CMTM1/2/3/6 had a certain correlation with the changes of immune microenvironment such as immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression, which may be the potential mechanism of the CMTM family in ovarian cancer.Conclusion: This study confirmed that the CMTM family has abnormal expression in ovarian cancer and can be used as a biomarker for prognostic evaluation. And the CMTM family may be used as a potential target for immunotherapy based on the suppression of immune checkpoints.
Oncologic Outcomes of Immediate Breast Reconstruction in Young Women with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Wu Zhen-Yu , Kim Hee Jeong , Lee Jongwon , Chung Il Yong , Kim Jisun , Lee Sae byul , Son Byung-Ho , Kim Eun key , Jeong Jae Ho , Lee Hee Jin , Chae Eun Young , Jung Jinhong , Ahn Sei-Hyun , Ko Beom Seok 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Oncologic safety of postmastectomy breast reconstruction in young women with breast cancer is not well-defined, especially in the setting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). We retrospectively compared the oncologic outcomes following nipple-sparing (NSM)/skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) and conventional mastectomy (CM) alone in young breast cancer patients after NACT.Methods: A total of 1266 women with primary breast cancer who underwent NACT followed by total mastectomy with or without IBR were reviewed. Of these, only young patients (age ≤40 years at diagnosis) were included in the outcome analysis (n=375). After propensity score-matching by clinical T and N stage, molecular subtype, response to NACT, and adjuvant radiotherapy status, 228 patients were 1:1 matched, comprising balanced IBR group (with NSM/SSM) and CM-alone group. Results: The 5-year locoregional recurrence-free, disease-free, distant metastasis (DM)-free, and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) rates for the entire cohort of young patients were 83.4%, 65.3%, 71.7%, and 85.4%, respectively. Locoregional recurrence rates between the matched groups were similar (14% vs. 15.8%; P = 0.710); however, IBR group had significantly lower DM rate (27.2% vs. 40.4%; P = 0.036) and breast cancer mortality (14.9% vs. 27.2%; P = 0.023) than CM-alone group. IBR group showed significantly improved 5-year DM-free survival (74.1% vs. 62.6%; P = 0.043) and BCSS (89.1% vs. 77.6%; P = 0.048) rates than CM-alone group.Conclusions: Our results indicated that IBR with NSM/SSM does not negatively affect long-term oncologic outcomes compared to CM alone in young women with breast cancer receiving NACT.
Evaluation of Carotid Artery Elastic Function Using Ultrafast Pulse Wave Velocity and Related Influential Factors in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Li Yihan , Zhang Jian , An Xin , Li Jihui , Shi Shanshan , Ma Siyang , Wu Cungang , Li Yuhong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
PurposeUltrafast pulse wave velocity (UFPWV) is an innovative and practical technology that can assess the elastic function of blood vessels. This study aimed to explore the elastic function of the carotid artery using UFPWV and related influential factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsOverall, 120 patients with RA and 60 healthy controls were evaluated. Subjects underwent UFPWV and carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) examination. The patients were divided into a mild activity group (group A) and moderate-to-severe activity group (group B). Differences in clinical indicators among the groups were determined, and the correlation between each indicator and PWV value was analyzed.ResultsThe PWV values were higher in group B than in group A and were higher in group A than in the control group (P < 0.05). The BS and ES n the patient group were positively correlated with age, course of disease, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), cIMT, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and platelets and were negatively correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3) and hemoglobin (P < 0.05). RF, anti-CCP antibody, age, course of disease, SBP, LDL-C, and platelets were risk factors for arteriosclerosis, whereas hemoglobin and 25(OH)D3 were protective factors (P < 0.05).ConclusionUFPWV allows for early and accurate detection of changes in arterial elasticity and enables early intervention to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with RA.
RNA-Binding Protein IGF2BP1 Enhances mRNA Stability and Translation Efficiency of INHBA to Promote the Invasion and Migration of Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Juan-Juan , Chen Ding-Xiong , Zhang Yu , Xu Xin , Cai Yan , Hao Jia-Jie , Wang Ming-Rong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMetastasis are mainly responsible for the death of patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). At present, there is no targeted drug for the treatment of ESCC in clinic practice. The present study aims to investigate the roles and implication of IGF2BP1 overexpression in ESCC.MethodsIGF2BP1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the mRNA abundance of IGF2BP1 and INHBA were analyzed with TCGA datasets and by RNA in situ hybridization (RISH). Cell viability, migration, invasion and in vivo metastasis assays were performed to explore the roles of IGF2BP1 in ESCC. RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) and mass spectrometry were applied to identify the targets and interacting proteins of IGF2BP1, respectively. RIP-PCR, RNA-pulldown, immunofluorescence (IF), gene specific m6A PCR and RNA stability assay were used to uncover the molecular mechanism of IGF2BP1 dysregulation. The methylation level of IGF2BP1 promoter region was detected by MSP-PCR. BTYNB, a small molecular inhibitor which could block the binding of IGF2BP1 to c-Myc mRNA, was evaluated for the inhibition effect on the malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells.ResultsIGF2BP1 overexpression was detected in ESCC tissues and associated with depth of tumor invasion. Knockdown of IGF2BP1 inhibited ESCC cell invasion and migration as well as tumor metastasis. Importantly, INHBA was identified as a direct target of IGF2BP1 in ESCC cells, which had a role in promoting the malignant phenotypes. TCGA data and RISH analyses showed that the mRNA level of INHBA was upregaluted in ESCC tissues as well. Mechanistically, IGF2BP1 bound and stabilized INHBA mRNA and then enhanced its translation, leading to an activation of Smad2/3 signaling. Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein 1 (G3BP1) was recruited by IGF2BP1 to participate in activating the signaling process, which was inhibited by the IGF2BP1 inhibitor BTYNB. Of note, IGF2BP1 mRNA expression in ESCC cells was negatively correlated with the level of its promoter methylation.Conclusions﻿IGF2BP1 overexpression promotes the invasion and migration of ESCC cells by up-regulating TGF-β-Smad2/3 pathway through enhancing INHBA mRNA stability and translation, providing a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
A New Branchipolynoe (Aphroditiformia: Polynoidae) Scale worm from Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents in The Onnuri Vent Field on The Northern Central Indian Ridge
Authors: Kim Sanglyeol , Choi Hyeongwoo , Eyun Seong-il , Kim Dongsung , Yu Ok Hwan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are dynamic environments with exotic faunas. In this study, we found a new species of Branchipolynoe (Aphroditiformia: Polynoidae) polynoid scale worm living in the recently discovered mussel Gigantidas vrijenhoeki in deep-sea hydrothermal vents and methane seeps at depths of 2,014 - 2,023 m. Associations between scale worms and giant mussels are common in hydrothermal ecosystems.Results: We analyzed the morphology of Branchipolynoe from the Onnuri vent field (OVF) on the northern Central Indian Ridge and sequenced the full mitochondrial genome. Based on its morphological traits and mitochondrial genes, we designated the specimens as Branchipolynoe onnuriensis n. sp., described herein. This species resembles B. longqiensis and B. tjiasmantoi, but is distinguished by its notopodial acicular lobe form and the tips of the subacicular neurochaetae. The identity of the new species was well supported by genetic distance and phylogenetic analyses of the mitochondrial c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Genetically, the new species is closest to the Western Pacific species B. tjiasmantoi; phylogenetic analyses support the correlation between Indian Ocean and Western Pacific hydrothermal polychaetes. This study provides a foundation for exploring the evolutionary relationship between scale worms and giant mussels.
TE-Polarized SPPs in Nonlinear Multi-layer Graphene-Based Structures
Authors: Heydari Mohammad Bagher 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this article, an analytical model is proposed for the study of Transverse-electric (TE) surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in nonlinear multi-layer graphene-based waveguides. Each graphene sheet has been located between two different Kerr-type layers. As special cases of the general, proposed structure, two new nonlinear graphene-based waveguides are introduced and investigated in this paper. The obtained results show that the propagation properties of these exemplary structures are adjustable via chemical potential and nonlinear coefficients. A large value of the effective index, i.e. neff= 82 is obtained for the chemical potential of 0.15 eV and the nonlinear ratio of 0.8 for the second structure at the frequency of 61 THz. The presented study suggests a novel platform in graphene plasmonics, which can be used for the design of innovative THz devices.
Toothbrushing with a dentifrice containing antimicrobial phthalocyanine derivative for the intraoral reduction of viral load of SARS-CoV-2: a pilot study
Authors: Poleti Marcelo Lupion , Gregório Danielle , Bistaffa Alisson Gabriel Idelfonso , Vilhena Fabiano Vieira , Simão Andréa Name Colado , Mori Mayara Tiemi Enokida , Stadtlober Nicole Perugini , Lozovoy Marcell Alysson Batisti , Santos Paulo Sérgio da Silva , Tatibana Berenice Tomoko , Fernandes Thais Maria Freire 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the toothbrushing with a dentifrice containing antimicrobial phthalocyanine derivative (APD) for the intraoral reduction of viral load of SARS-CoV-2.Material and methods: Twenty COVID-19 positive dentate patients were selected and toothbrushes with a dentifrice containing APD for 2 minutes. Self-collected samples of unstimulated saliva were carried out three times: T0 (baseline, before toothbrushing), T5 (5 minutes after toothbrushing), and T30 (30 minutes after toothbrushing). The analysis of RNA viral was performed by RT-PCR using TaqPath™ COVID-19 multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR test for detection of three viral genes (ORF1ab, N and S genes). Evaluation of the effects was based on difference in cycle threshold (Ct) value. Friedman's test and pairwise comparison with Bonferroni corrections were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The Ct values were significantly higher (p=0.020) at T30 in comparison to T0 and T5. The greatest difference in the Ct values was between T30 and T0 (3.83). Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that oral hygiene action associated with an antimicrobial chemical dentifrice may be an important tool for SARS-CoV2 viral load reduction in oral cavity.