bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic endonasal and transorbital approaches to petrous apex lesions
Authors: Lee Won Jae , Hong Sang Duk , Woo Kyung In , Seol Ho Jun , Choi Jung Won , Lee Jung-Il , Nam Do-Hyun , Kong Doo-Sik 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE
The petrous apex (PA) is one of the most challenging areas in skull base surgery because it is surrounded by numerous critical neurovascular structures. The authors analyzed the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) and transorbital approach (TOA) procedures for lesions involving PA to determine the perspectives and proper applications of these two approaches.

METHODS
The authors included patients younger than 80 years with lesions involving PA who were treated between May 2015 and December 2019 and had regular follow-up MR images available for analysis. Patients with meningioma involving petroclival regions were excluded. The authors classified PA into three regions: superior to the petrous segment of the internal carotid artery (p-ICA) (zone 1); posterior to p-ICA (zone 2); and inferior to p-ICA (zone 3). Demographic data, preoperative clinical and radiological findings, surgical outcomes, and morbidities were reviewed.

RESULTS
A total of 19 patients with lesions involving PA were included. Ten patients had malignant tumor (chondrosarcoma, chordoma, and osteosarcoma), and 6 had benign tumor (schwannoma, Cushing’s disease, teratoma, etc.). Three patients had PA cephalocele (PAC). Thirteen patients underwent EEA, and 5 underwent TOA. Simultaneous combined EEA and TOA was performed on 1 patient. Thirteen of 16 patients (81.3%) had gross- or near-total resection. Tumors within PA were completely resected from 13 of 16 patients using a view limited to only the PA. Complete obliteration of PAC was achieved in all patients. Postoperative complications included 2 cases of CSF leak, 1 case of injury to ICA, 1 fatality due to sudden herniation of the brainstem, and 1 case of postoperative diplopia.

CONCLUSIONS
EEA is a versatile surgical approach for lesions involving all three zones of PA. Clival tumor spreading to PA in a medial-to-lateral direction is a good indication for EEA. TOA provided a direct surgical corridor to the superior portion of PA (zone 1). Patients with disease with cystic nature are good candidates for TOA. TOA may be a reasonable alternative surgical treatment for select pathologies involving PA.
Adapting the 5-factor modified frailty index for prediction of postprocedural outcome in patients with unruptured aneurysms
Authors: Feghali James , Gami Abhishek , Rapaport Sarah , Patel Jaimin , Khalafallah Adham M. , Huq Sakibul , Mukherjee Debraj , Tamargo Rafael J. , Huang Judy 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE
The 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) is a practical tool that can be used to estimate frailty by measuring five accessible factors: functional status, history of diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, and hypertension. The authors aimed to validate the utility of mFI-5 for predicting endovascular and microsurgical treatment outcomes in patients with unruptured aneurysms.

METHODS
A prospectively maintained database of consecutive patients with unruptured aneurysm who were treated with clip placement or endovascular therapy was used. Because patient age is an important predictor of treatment outcomes in patients with unruptured aneurysm, mFI-5 was supplemented with age to create the age-supplemented mFI-5 (AmFI-5). Associations of scores on these indices with major complications (symptomatic ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, or surgical site infection requiring reoperation) were evaluated. Validation was carried out with the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database (2006–2017).

RESULTS
The institutional database included 275 patients (88 underwent clip placement, and 187 underwent endovascular treatment). Multivariable analysis of the surgical cohort showed that major complication was significantly associated with mFI-5 (OR 2.0, p = 0.046) and AmFI-5 (OR 1.9, p = 0.028) scores. Significant predictive accuracy for major complications was provided by mFI-5 (c-statistic = 0.709, p = 0.011) and AmFI-5 (c-statistic = 0.720, p = 0.008). The American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System (ASA) provided poor discrimination (area under the curve = 0.541, p = 0.618) that was significantly less than that of mFI-5 (p = 0.023) and AmFI-5 (p = 0.014). Optimal relative fit was achieved with AmFI-5, which had the lowest Akaike information criterion value. Similar results were obtained after equivalent analysis of the endovascular cohort, with additional significant associations between index scores and length of stay (β = 0.6 and p = 0.009 for mFI-5; β = 0.5 and p = 0.003 for AmFI-5). In 1047 patients who underwent clip placement and were included in the NSQIP database, mFI-5 (p = 0.001) and AmFI-5 (p < 0.001) scores were significantly associated with severe postoperative adverse events and provided greater discrimination (c-statistic = 0.600 and p < 0.001 for mFI-5; c-statistic = 0.610 and p < 0.001 for AmFI-5) than ASA score (c-statistic = 0.580 and p = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONS
mFI-5 and AmFI-5 represent potential predictors of procedure-related complications in unruptured aneurysm patients. After further validation, integration of these tools into clinical workflows may optimize patients for intervention.
The Clinical Spectrum of Young Onset Dementia Points to Its Stochastic Origins
Authors: Panegyres Peter K. 
Published: August 2021

Background: Dementia is a major global health problem and the search for improved therapies is ongoing. The study of young onset dementia (YOD)—with onset prior to 65 years—represents a challenge owing to the variety of clinical presentations, pathology, and gene mutations. The advantage of the investigation of YOD is the lack of comorbidities that complicate the clinical picture in older adults. Here we explore the origins of YOD. Objective: To define the clinical diversity of YOD in terms of its demography, range of presentations, neurological examination findings, comorbidities, medical history, cognitive findings, imaging abnormalities both structural and functional, electroencephagraphic (EEG) data, neuropathology, and genetics. Methods: A prospective 20-year study of 240 community-based patients referred to specialty neurology clinics established to elucidate the nature of YOD. Results: Alzheimer’s disease (AD; n = 139) and behavioral variant frontotemporal (bvFTD; n = 58) were the most common causes with a mean age of onset of 56.5 years for AD (±1 SD 5.45) and 57.1 years for bvFTD (±1 SD 5.66). Neuropathology showed a variety of diagnoses from multiple sclerosis, Lewy body disease, FTD-MND, TDP-43 proteinopathy, adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal steroids and pigmented glia, corticobasal degeneration, unexplained small vessel disease, and autoimmune T-cell encephalitis. Non-amnestic forms of AD and alternative forms of FTD were discovered. Mutations were only found in 11 subjects (11/240 = 4.6%). APOE genotyping was not divergent between the two populations. Conclusion: There are multiple kinds of YOD, and most are sporadic. These observations point to their stochastic origins.
Automated vessel segmentation in lung CT and CTA images via deep neural networks
Authors: Tan Wenjun , Zhou Luyu , Li Xiaoshuo , Yang Xiaoyu , Chen Yufei , Yang Jinzhu 
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: The distribution of pulmonary vessels in computed tomography (CT) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) images of lung is important for diagnosing disease, formulating surgical plans and pulmonary research. PURPOSE: Based on the pulmonary vascular segmentation task of International Symposium on Image Computing and Digital Medicine 2020 challenge, this paper reviews 12 different pulmonary vascular segmentation algorithms of lung CT and CTA images and then objectively evaluates and compares their performances. METHODS: First, we present the annotated reference dataset of lung CT and CTA images. A subset of the dataset consisting 7,307 slices for training and 3,888 slices for testing was made available for participants. Second, by analyzing the performance comparison of different convolutional neural networks from 12 different institutions for pulmonary vascular segmentation, the reasons for some defects and improvements are summarized. The models are mainly based on U-Net, Attention, GAN, and multi-scale fusion network. The performance is measured in terms of Dice coefficient, over segmentation rate and under segmentation rate. Finally, we discuss several proposed methods to improve the pulmonary vessel segmentation results using deep neural networks. RESULTS: By comparing with the annotated ground truth from both lung CT and CTA images, most of 12 deep neural network algorithms do an admirable job in pulmonary vascular extraction and segmentation with the dice coefficients ranging from 0.70 to 0.85. The dice coefficients for the top three algorithms are about 0.80. CONCLUSIONS: Study results show that integrating methods that consider spatial information, fuse multi-scale feature map, or have an excellent post-processing to deep neural network training and optimization process are significant for further improving the accuracy of pulmonary vascular segmentation.
TO STUDY RIGHT VENTRICLE (RV) AND LEFT VENTRICLE ( LV) DYSFUNCTION IN TRANSFUSION DEPENDENT BETA THALASSEMIA CHILDREN AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTH WEST RAJASTHAN
Authors: Kulhari Sandeep , Choudhary Deepak , Choudhary Dinesh , Gupta Himanshu , Patel Rajneesh , Bugalia Jaipal , Budania Sunil , Berwal P K 
Published: August 2021

Background- Regular blood transfusions used for long term survival in ß-thalassemia major patients cause a secondary state of tissue iron overload. Myocardial iron deposition can result in cardiomyopathy, and heart failure remains the leading cause of death. This study was planned to see the Right Ventricle (RV) and Left Ventricle(LV)dysfunction in beta thalassemia transfused patients.
Method- Patients of ß thalassemia major above 2 years of age received regular blood transfusions at least for 1 year duration, attending OPD in the Department of Pediatrics, S P Medical College, Bikaner were included.Echo was correlated with serum ferritin Level(SFL).
Results- Tissue Doppler imaging(TDI) parameters of 50 patients at mitral annulus e.g. Em septal, Em Lateral, Am septal, Am lateral, Sm Septal and Sm Lateral were abnormal(<2SD and >2SD)in 70% & 0%, 50% & 4%, 10% & 46%, 34% & 24%, 40% & 22% and 60% & 10% patients respectively.TDI parameters at tricuspid valvee.g. Et, At and St were abnormal(<2SD)in 98%, 96% and 98% patients respectively. The differences in mean values of Et, At and St, when compared in the SFL groups <2500,2500-5000 and>5000, was non significant(p>0.05).
Conclusion- TDI is superior to conventional echocardiography in giving an early evidence of diastolic myocardial dysfunction in asymtopmatic and normal LV function patients.TDI can be applied as an integrated part of assessment of children & adolescents with ß-thalassemia. Septal Sm, Em & lateral Em, Sm, Am and RV Et, At, St were reduced early in majority of patients. Our study showed early involvement of septum and RV in thalassemic patients.
Key Words: ß-thalassemia major ;Right Ventricle (RV) and Left Ventricle ( LV) dysfunction; Echocardiogram ;Tissue Doppler Imaging
Depressão e exposição aos agrotóxicos em pequenas agricultoras no oeste do Paraná
Authors: Reis Nathália Nascimento , Machineski Gicelle Galvan , Carvalho Manoela , Rizzotto Maria Lucia Frizon 
Published: August 2021

Apesar de ser uma doença multifatorial, estudos indicam que a depressão pode estar associada a exposição a agrotóxicos. Objetivou-se descrever o perfil, aspectos de vida, trabalho e adoecimento de mulheres depressivas expostas a agrotóxicos em um município localizado no Oeste do Paraná. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa com 10 mulheres por meio de entrevista com uma questão norteadora, no período de março a abril de 2017.com análise temática. As mulheres tinham entre 18 e 65 anos de idade, baixa escolaridade e estavam inseridas no mercado de trabalho. A partir da análise das informações identificaram-se as seguintes temáticas: Início da vida laboral na infância, exposição a agrotóxicos durante longo período da vida sem proteção, aspectos da vida e do trabalho, história de exposição e intoxicação por agrotóxicos e; adoecimento por depressão. Sugerem-se estudos epidemiológicos e clínicos complementares sobre a relação desse fenômeno com o desenvolvimento de transtornos de humor.
Evaluasi Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama di Sekolah Dasar Muhammadiyah 001 Sebatik Barat
Authors: Aziz Akbar Nur , Prastya Danang Eko , Jubba Hasse , Wahyuni Herpita 
Published: August 2021

Pendidikan merupakan hak bagi warga negara dan akses pendidikan diharapkan dapat merata di seluruh Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan model CIPP. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui evaluasi kurikulum Pendidikan Agama di SD Muhammadiyah 001 Sebatik Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) evaluasi context meliputi penyusunan kurikulum sudah baik meski menerapkan kurikulum KTSP dan Kurikulum 2013, Kurikulum ISMUBA belum diterapkan; (2) evaluasi input meliputi kualitas guru masih kurang. Bahan ajar masih kurang mencukupi; (3) evaluasi process meliputi pelaksanaan kurikulum berjalan kurang baik, kurangnya fasilitas sekolah menjadi faktor penghambat jalannya kurikulum; (4) evaluasi product meliputi evaluasi belajar ada ulangan tengah semester dan ujian akhir semester, tetapi evaluasi kurikulumnya belum, dan lulusan siswa melanjutkan ke SMP dan pesantren.

Education is a right for citizens, and access to education is evenly distributed throughout Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with the CIPP model. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. This study aimed to determine the evaluation of the Religious Education curriculum at SD Muhammadiyah 001 Sebatik Barat. The study results show that: (1) context evaluation includes the preparation of a good curriculum, although implementing the KTSP curriculum and 2013 curriculum, the ISMUBA curriculum has not been implemented; (2) input evaluation includes the lack of teacher quality. Teaching materials are still insufficient; (3) the evaluation process includes implementing the curriculum that is not running well. The lack of school facilities is a factor that hinders the course of the curriculum; (4) product evaluation includes learning evaluation with Mid-semester examinations and final semester exams. Still, the curriculum evaluation has not yet been carried out, and graduate students continue to junior high schools and pesantren.
Implementasi Pembelajaran pada Berbagai Jenjang Pendidikan di Daerah 3T Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hasan Muhammad , Thamrin Muhammad Ilyas , Rahmatullah Rahmatullah , Pratama Muhammad Agus Dirga , Darwis Nurul Wahyuni 
Published: August 2021

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi secara mendalam implementasi pembelajaran pada berbagai jenjang pendidikan di daerah 3T pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah, khususnya di Kabupaten Morowali Utara. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif eksploratif dengan pendekatan induktif. Informan dalam kajian ini sebanyak sepuluh orang dari berbagai jenjang pendidikan mulai dari TK sampai jenjang SMA/SMK. Instrumen dalam kajian ini adalah pedoman wawancara dalam bentuk pertanyaan terbuka yang akan ditanyakan langsung kepada informan. Metode kualitatif eksploratif dengan pendekatan induktif dalam kajian ini menggunakan analisis tematik. Penerapan pembelajaran jarak jauh yang dilakukan secara daring pada berbagai jenjang pendidikan di daerah 3T khususnya di Kabupaten Morowali Utara telah berlangsung secara online. Namun, tidak berjalan dengan lancar dan mengalami banyak gangguan serta kendala dalam kegiatan pembelajaran sehingga hal tersebut berdampak pada tidak efektifnya kegiatan pembelajaran. Kendala tersebut antara lain seperti kurangnya kompetensi guru, ekonomi keluarga, jaringan internet, biaya yang meningkat selama pandemi COVID-19, dan dukungan fasilitas belajar. Hambatan-hambatan tersebut berdampak pada pembelajaran online yang membuat siswa bosan dan jenuh sehingga hasil belajar tidak optimal.
This study aims to explore in depth the implementation of learning at various levels of education in the 3T area during the COVID-19 pandemic in Central Sulawesi Province, especially in North Morowali Regency. This study uses an exploratory qualitative method with an inductive approach. There were 10 informants in this study from various levels of education, from kindergarten to high school/vocational school. The instrument in this study is an interview guide in the form of open-ended questions that will be asked directly to informants. An exploratory qualitative method with an inductive approach in this study uses thematic analysis. The application of distance learning which is carried out online at various levels of education in the 3T area, especially in North Morowali Regency, has taken place online, but it did not run smoothly and experienced many disturbances and obstacles in learning activities, so that this had an impact on the ineffectiveness of learning activities. These obstacles include the lack of teacher competence, family economy, internet network, increased costs during the COVID-19 pandemic, and support for learning facilities. These obstacles have an impact on online learning which makes students bored and bored, so that learning outcomes are not optimal.
PENINGKATAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA MELALUI INFORMASI DAN TEKNOLOGI PADA UMKM DI KECAMATAN SUKAJADI
Authors: Saepudin Didin , Susanto Bambang , Garnia Erna , Ratnawati R. Aryanti , Lilyana Fitria , Nuryadin Rusmin , Sukiati Wiwin , Nawangsasi Yuli , Suaesih Ae , Hendawati Henda , Hendajany Nenny , Rachmawati Eva , Aprianti Ine , Rustandi Bambang , Wahyuni Sri , Rizal Deden , Sartika Tiktik , Handayani Wuri 
Published: August 2021

Kemampuan dan pengetahuan para wirausahawan tehadap ilmu manajemen keuangan sangat kurang, sehingga dalam pengelolaan bisnisnya mengalami hambatan. Terlihat dari pengelolaan keuangan yang masih menggunakan skala kecil, belum menggunakan sistem imformasi secara terintegrasi untuk mengelola keuangan yang lebih baik, belum banyak menggunakan teknologi di bidang pemasaran serta ketepatan sasaran yang dilakukan oleh para wirausaha, kekurangan ide untuk melakukan inovasi dari bahan baku yang sudah ada ataupun mencari ide/gagasan baru. Tujuannya memfasilitasi peningkatan kemampuan pengelolaan usaha (produksi, keuangan, pemasaran dan SDM) dan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui ekonomi kreatif. Metode yang digunakan berbentuk workshop dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan pada tanggal 11 September 2019. Pelaksanaan workshop bertempat di Universitas Sangga Buana. Adanya transfer pengetahuan dari akademisi dan atau praktisi dalam upaya membantu pemecahan permasalahan dalam membangun UMKM yang baru bergerak, bahkan yang sudah berjalan untuk dapat menciptakan wirausaha yang baru yang kompeten dengan keahlian jenis usahanya. Dengan adanya workshop dapat menjadikan bekal yang mumpuni untuk para UMKM dapat mengaplikasikannya langsung untuk melakukan usaha dengan berkelanjutan namun terdapat beberapa kendala yang masih harus dipecahkan.
PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA BERNILAI EKONOMIS DALAM MENCIPTAKAN LINGKUNGAN YANG HIEGIENIS
Authors: Nasrudin Inayati , Pitoyo Djoko , Munandar Ahmad , Nurwathi Nurwathi , Azwar Ade Geovania , Nurbani Sofiani Nalwin , Rodiah Rodiah 
Published: August 2021

Kecenderungan kerusakan lingkungan hidup semakin kompleks baik di pedesaan maupun perkotaan. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan rusaknya lingkungan hidup yang sampai saat ini masih tetap menjadi masalah crusial bagi bangsa Indonesia adalah mengenai pembuangan sampah. Kabupaten Bandung, berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI), rasio sampah dengan jumlah penduduk kabupaten Bandung yang berjumlah 3 juta 600 ribu jiwa, sampah yang dihasilkan per harinya mencapai 1.440 ton. Tentu saja masalah ini akan berdampak terhadap pencemaran lingkungan dan polusi yang akan semakin meningkat. Kualitas lingkungan hidup sudah tentu akan terancam. Serta adanya kecenderungan masyarakat pedesaan terbiasa membuang sampah ke sungai atau membakarnya yang dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan maupun perairan.Desa Rawabogo merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di kecamatan Ciwidey, kabupaten Bandung, provinsi Jawa Barat. Desa Rawabogo juga terkenal sebagai salah satu desa wisata dari 10 desa wisata di kabupaten Bandung. Mayoritas penduduk desa Rawabogo merupakan petani. buruh tani, peternak. Mereka masih belum memahami lingkungan yang sehat dan bersih serta pemanfaatan limbah sampah organik dan anorganik yang memiliki nilai manfaat/jual. Upaya memecahkan masalah-masalah tersebut melalui pelatihan, penyuluhan mengenai pentingnya menjaga kesehatan lingkungan maupun pengelolaan limbah sampah organik dan anorgnik yang mempunyai nilai tambah/jual. Melalui pelatihan dan penyuluhan tersebut diharapkan para warga Desa Rawabogo dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup dalam menjaga kesehatan lingkungan serta pemanfaatan limbah sampah yang bernilai tambah/jual.Untuk mencapai hasil yang diharapkan maka Metode yang dipergunakan dalam pelatihan dan penyuluhan diantaranya menggunakan metode (1) Ceramah/pengarahan, (2) Presentasi, (3) Diskusi/tanya jawab, (4) Pelatihan/Penyuluhan dan (5) Evaluasi.
Управление телесными практиками: от традиции до современности (на примере практиках йоги)
Authors: Lobas Victoria 
Published: August 2021

Автор пытается путем основательного исследования структуры тела, его функционального значения показать возможность управлять им и даже конструировать его. Практики Йоги позволяют по-новому посмотреть на тело человека. Они также способствуют созданию особой когнитивной ситуации вокруг темы управления телом и телесным. Это раскрывает совершенно новые горизонты жизни для определенной части населения и возможность инвестировать знания в процесс конструирования телесного. Знание о теле, которые мы находим в древних текстах и ​​на которые опирается Йога, еще раз подчеркивают особую миссию Йоги. В статье подтверждается идея целостности духовного и телесного, чего Йога никогда не теряла.
Ключевые слова: управление телом, Йога, конструирование телесного, тело как конструкт.