bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of protection benefits for predatory fishes depends on census methodology
Authors: Rojo Irene , Irigoyen Alejo J. , Cuadros Amalia , Calò Antonio , Pereñíguez José M. , Hernández‐Andreu Ramón , Félix‐Hackradt Fabiana C. , Carreño Francisca , Hackradt Carlos W. , García‐Charton José A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMarine protected areas (MPAs) are used as fisheries management and conservation tools. Well‐enforced no‐take zones allow the rebuilding of natural populations of exploited species; however, there is still controversy on the role of buffer zones.The effectiveness of MPAs could be underestimated, as fish population assessments depend largely on traditional methodologies that have difficulties in detecting predatory fish because of their low abundances, their patchy distribution, and their reaction to the presence of divers.The performance of different census methods was compared in assessing the protection benefits for large predatory fishes under different protection levels (i.e. no‐take and buffer zones) in five Mediterranean MPAs. Specifically, conventional strip transects (CSTs, 50 × 5 m2) and tracked roaming transects combined with distance sampling (TRT + DS, variable lengths) were compared, including a series of TRT‐derived estimators with variable transect lengths and fixed widths of 20, 10, and 6 m (TRT20, TRT10, and TRT6, respectively). Additionally, the effectiveness of the MPAs studied and protection levels for conserving large predatory species was evaluated.Transects covering larger areas (i.e. TRT + DS and TRT20) allowed the detection of a greater number of species and yielded more accurate estimates of density and biomass than transects of narrower fixed widths, particularly the CSTs, which were associated with the lowest richness detection capability, accuracy, and precision. On average, both no‐take zones and buffer zones appeared effective for the conservation of predatory fishes, indicating that multiple protection areas were ecologically effective. Differences between MPAs were also observed, however, probably arising from both local environmental and management factors.We suggest the implementation of methodologies with larger transects for the study of large predatory fish, combined with CSTs for the rest of the fish community, in order to avoid biases in predatory population assessments, which are key indicators of MPA effectiveness.
Comparison of the effects of different pretreatments on the structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of Miscanthus
Authors: Dai Yongyong , Hu Bing , Yang Qiaomei , Nie Longhui , Sun Dan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMiscanthus is regarded as a desired bioenergy crop with enormous lignocellulose residues for biofuels and other chemical products. In this study, the effect of different pretreatments (including microwave, NaOH, CaO, and microwave + NaOH/CaO) on sugar yields was investigated, leading to largely varied hexose yields at 4.0–73.4% (% cellulose) released from enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Miscanthus residues. Among them, the highest yield of 73.4% for hexoses was obtained from 12% NaOH (w/v) solution pretreatment, whereas 1% CaO (w/w) and microwave pretreatment resulted in a lower hexose yield than the control (without pretreatment). The sugar yield from microwave followed with 1% NaOH pretreatment was 4.3 times higher than that of microwave followed with 1% CaO. However, the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiencies of the sample were 15.2% and 58.5% under microwave pretreatment followed by 12% NaOH or 12.5% CaO, respectively, which were lower than those of the same concentration of alkali (NaOH and CaO) pretreatments. To investigate the mechanism of varied enzymatic saccharification under different pretreatments, the changes in the surface structure and porosity of the Miscanthus‐pretreated lignocelluses were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared, Congo red staining, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results show that the different pretreatments destroy the cell wall cladding structure and reduce the bonding force between cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin to different degrees, therefore increasing the accessibility of cellulose and enhancing cellulose digestion.
Readability, understandability, and quality of retinopathy of prematurity information on the web
Authors: Yılmaz Fatma Hilal , Tutar Mahmut Sami , Arslan Derya , Çeri Ayhan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to assess the readability, understandability, and quality of information on retinopathy of prematurity presented at websites frequently visited by parents.MethodsA total of 220 websites were assessed, which were recruited by searching for “retinopathy of prematurity” at the Google search engine. The readability of each web page was assessed by Flesch Reading Ease Score, Gobbledygook's Gunning Frequency, Flesch Kincaid Grade Level, Coleman Liau score, The Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, Fry Graph Readability Formula, and Automated readability score. The understandability of the web pages included in the study was measured by using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool. Quality was evaluated using Health in Net code and JAMA. The ALEXA traffic tool was used to reference the domains' popularity and visibility.ResultsSixty‐four websites were included to the study. The average Flesch Reading Ease Score was 50.1 ± 11.4, Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook level was 13.4 ± 2.5, The Flesch–Kincaid Grade level was 10.7 ± 2.2, Coleman Liau level was 10.8 ± 1.7, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook level was 10.0 ± 1.9, and Fry Graph Readability Formula 11.9 ± 2.7, Automated readability score 10.4 ± 2.5. The average understandability score for all website‐based patient education materials was 76.9 ± 15.2. Total JAMA Benchmark score is 2.27 ± 1.14 (range from 1 to 4). The quality of information at most websites were determined by our chosen assessments to not to be good.ConclusionWebsites addressed to parents for retinopathy of prematurity had found to have high understandability. It was concluded based on this study that readability and quality of presented written materials at online sources need to be improved.
Optically stimulated luminescence decay and dosimetric properties of cerium‐doped potassium sulfate phosphor
Authors: Majgier Renata , Tsvirko Mikhail , Mandowski Arkadiusz 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOptically stimulated luminescence (OSL) is used for dating in archaeology and geology, and in dosimetry of ionizing radiation. Some crystalline wide band‐gap insulators may be used as OSL radiation detectors. Recently it was found that cerium‐doped potassium sulfate crystals have promising luminescence properties. This paper presents some OSL properties of K2SO4:Ce crystals that were prepared in the form of pellets. The crystals exhibited a strong luminescence signal, good measurement repeatability, and high sensitivity for ionizing radiation. Best results were obtained after annealing at 1000°C. Dose‐dependence characteristics were determined in the range 10 mGy to 11.2 Gy. OSL decay curves consisted of several components. Fast and slow OSL components of the phosphor had different properties. The slow component was quite stable and obeyed power law dependence. It decayed in the 55 days after irradiation. Its luminescence properties depended on sample preparation and the storage time after irradiation.
Melting transition of oriented Li‐DNA fibers submerged in ethanol solutions
Authors: González Adrián , Wildes Andrew R. , Mossou Estelle , Cristiglio Viviana , Moiroux Gaël , Garden Jean‐Luc , Cuesta‐López Santiago , Theodorakopoulos Nikos , Peyrard Michel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe melting transition of Li‐DNA fibers immersed in ethanol‐water solutions has been studied using calorimetry and neutron diffraction techniques. The data have been analyzed using the Peyrard‐Bishop‐Dauxois model to determine the strengths of the intra‐ and inter‐base pair potentials. The data and analysis show that the potentials are weaker than those for DNA in water. They become weaker still and the DNA less stable as the ethanol concentration increases but, conversely, the fibers become more compact and the distances between base pairs become more regular. The results show that the melting transition is relatively insensitive to local confinement and depends more on the interaction between the DNA and its aqueous environment.
LC–MS/MS assay for the determination of tat‐K13, a novel interfering peptide for the treatment of ischemic stroke, in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetics study
Authors: Wang Zhenlei , Jia Shiling , Zhang Quan , Wang Yongsheng , Huang Biao , Zheng Li 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA sensitive and robust method has been developed using an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) assay to quantify Tat‐K13, a novel interfering peptide for the treatment of ischemic stroke, in human plasma. Automated solid‐phase extraction on a Waters Oasis WCX (30 μm, 10 mg) 96‐well plate was used to extract Tat‐K13 from human plasma and the extracts were separated on a Waters Acquity CSH column (2.1 × 50 mm i.d., 1.7 μm) with a gradient elution method by mobile phase A (nonafluoropentanoic acid–acetic acid–water, 1:2:1000, v/v/v) and B (nonafluoropentanoic acid–acetic acid–water–acetonitrile, 1:2:100:900, v/v/v/v). The method was fully validated following international bioanalytical guidelines and showed good linearity from 2.10 to 1,050 ng/ml. The method was successfully applied to investigate the clinical pharmacokinetics of Tat‐K13 in health volunteers. Rapid elimination of Tat‐K13 from the body was observed, with half‐life ranging from 0.26 to 0.78 h across different dose levels. The exposure of Tat‐K13 was approximately dose‐dependent in terms of the area under the concentration–time curve and peak concentration
Sex differences in adult social, cognitive, and affective behavioral deficits following neonatal phlebotomy‐induced anemia in mice
Authors: Matveeva Tatyana M. , Singh Garima , Gisslen Tate A. , Gewirtz Jonathan C. , Georgieff Michael K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionAnemia is common in prematurely born infants due to blood loss resulting from frequent phlebotomies and may contribute to their neurobehavioral deficits. Preclinical models of phlebotomy‐induced anemia (PIA) have revealed metabolic and genomic changes in multiple brain structures of young mice, yet the impact of neonatal PIA on early‐life and adult behavior has not been assessed.MethodsThe present study employed a range of behavioral measures in phlebotomized anemic neonatal mice to investigate short‐ and long‐term neurodevelopmental effects. PIA from postnatal (P) days 3 to 14 caused sex‐specific changes in social behavior, novelty preference, and anxiety at P17 that persisted into adulthood.ResultsOur preclinical model suggests that PIA may contribute to acute and long‐term behavioral and affective deficits and warrants further substantiation of the observed behavioral phenomena in larger samples.ConclusionsWe conclude that this model is a useful tool for beginning to better understand the lasting effect that early‐life PIA might have on the developing brain. The differential impact of PIA on male and female subjects warrants further exploration for the development of appropriately targeted interventions.
Green aviation industry sustainable development towards an integrated support system
Authors: Qiu Rui , Hou Shuhua , Chen Xin , Meng Zhiyi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSustainable development is becoming increasingly crucial for the green aviation industry. To promote the sustainable development of the green aviation industry, researchers all over the world have attempted to explore and experiment with new initiatives. This study investigates green aviation industry development trends by a bibliometric‐based data analysis system. Cluster, timezone, and timeline visualizations are employed to identify the current development trends of the green aviation industry within three topics: noise, environmental impacts, and green image. In response to environmental challenges, an integrated green aviation industry support system that involves stakeholder engagement should be established, including business strategies, innovative technologies, environmental policies, and public support. In this study, the innovation and sustainability potential of the green aviation industry is evaluated. Then, the roles of strategy improvement, technology integration, policy support, and public participation in forming the integrated support system are examined. The outline of this system may prove helpful for the sustainable development of the green aviation industry.
Decoding the chain of effects of family firm image on consumer behaviour
Authors: Köhr Christopher Karl , Corsi Armando Maria , Capitello Roberta , Malorgio Giulio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhile there has been plenty of research around family firm governance and management, less is known about the way in which family firm image is perceived by consumers. This research aims at filling the gap by investigating the chained links between family firm status and image, and the key brand elements identified by extant literature. The hypotheses are tested through an application to the wine industry with a sample of over 1,500 wine drinkers residing in Australia, Italy, and the United States. The results reveal several linkages between the distinctive family nature of a business and the loyalty of consumers. All brand knowledge constructs are positively affected by family firm image, and influence brand trust and satisfaction. Individual path coefficients highlight differences between countries. Evidence regarding the cultural interdependencies provides guidance for policy makers. Practitioners can consider this research when defining the relationship with consumers of family firms.
Plants of the ‘Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis’ from Mexico, 1552. Zephyranthes fosteri (Amaryllidaceae) Alkaloids
Authors: Centeno‐Betanzos Lucia Y. , Reyes‐Chilpa Ricardo , Pigni Natalia B. , Jankowski Christopher K. , Torras‐Claveria Laura , Bastida Jaume 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis (Booklet of Indian Medicinal Plants) is the first book of medicinal plants written in the American continent. It was first published in 1939 as ‘An Aztec Herbal’. One of the depicted plants is Huetzcanixochitl (laughing flower) interpreted as Zephyranthes fosteri (Amaryllidaceae). No chemical or pharmacological studies are reported for this species; so, we decide to investigate it. The GC/MS of the bulbs and aerial parts extracts indicated that they contain Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, among them: lycorine, 3‐O‐acetylpowelline, and norlycoramine. An unknown major alkaloid was isolated and identified by 1H, 13C‐NMR and MS, as 3′‐demethoxy‐6‐epimesembranol (1). The methanolic extract, the alkaloid fraction, and compound 1 inhibited acetylcholinesterase in vitro. Mesembrine alkaloids are found in Sceletium species (Aizoaceae). Several are known as serotonin recapture inhibitors and have been proposed as potential antidepressant drugs. The presence of 1 suggests that Z. fosteri was probably used in pre‐Columbian times in Mexico as a ‘stimulant and euphoriant’, alike Sceletium tortuosum by several ethnic groups in South Africa.
GC/MS Profiling,In VitroandIn SilicoPharmacological Screening and Principal Component Analysis of Essential Oils from Three Exotic and Two Endemic Plants from Mauritius
Authors: Sharmeen Jugreet Bibi , Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan , Zengin Gokhan , Abdallah Hassan H. , Fawzi Mahomoodally Mohamad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe chemical and pharmacological profiles of essential oils (EOs) hydrodistilled in yields of 0.03–0.77 % (w/w) from three exotic (Cinnamomum camphora,Petroselinum crispum, andSyzygium samarangense) and two endemic (Pittosporum senaciasubsp.senaciaandSyzygium coriaceum) medicinal plants were studied. GC‐MS/GC‐FID analysis of the EOs identified the most dominant components to be myristicin (40.3 %), myrcene (62.2 %), 1,8‐cineole (54.0 %), β‐pinene (21.3 %) and (E)‐β‐ocimene (24.4 %) inP. crispum,P. senaciaandC. camphora,S. samarangenseandS. coriaceumEOs, respectively. All EOs were found to possess anti‐amylase (0.70–1.50 mM ACAE/g EO) and anti‐tyrosinase (109.35–158.23 mg KAE/g) properties, whereas no glucosidase inhibition was displayed. OnlySyzygiumEOs acted as dual inhibitors of both acetyl‐ and butyryl‐cholinesterases, whileP. senaciaandC. camphoraEOs inhibited acetylcholinesterase selectively andP. crispumEO was inactive (AChE: 4.64–4.96 mg GALAE/g; BChE: 5.96 and 7.10 mg GALAE/g). Molecular docking revealed 1,8‐cineole to present the best binding affinities with butyrylcholinesterase, amylase and tyrosinase, while both myristicin and β‐pinene with acetylcholinesterase and finally β‐pinene with glucosidase.In vitroantioxidant potency was also demonstrated in different assays (DPPH: 13.52–53.91 mg TE/g, ABTS: 5.49–75.62 mg TE/g; CUPRAC: 45.38–243.21 mg TE/g, FRAP: 42.49–110.64 mg TE/g; and phosphomolybdenum assay: 82.61–160.93 mM TE/g). Principal component analysis revealed the EOs to differ greatly in their bioactivities due to their chemodiversity. This study has unveiled some interesting preliminary pharmacological profiles of the EOs that could be explored for their potential applications as phytotherapeutics.
TAVR for aortic regurgitation: Not as straightforward!
Authors: Khera Sahil , Dangas George 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement using the current commercially available devices in the United States for aortic regurgitation is considered off label use.
Pure aortic regurgitation is different from aortic stenosis due to associated aortic annular dilation/aortopathy and relative lack of calcium on the leaflets and annulus.
Patients with pure aortic regurgitation undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement using commercially available valve platforms are more likely to have unfavorable outcomes than the typical aortic stenosis patients.
The evolving valve platforms, inclusive of active leaflet fixation may be ultimately more suited for transcatheter management of pure aortic regurgitation; clinical investigation is ongoing.
Pushing covered stents to the limit
Authors: Postalian Alexander , Krajcer Zvonimir 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
Covered stents are used in a plethora of clinical scenarios. However, available sizes of approved covered stents are limited, especially for pediatric patients.
This ex vivo study attempted to find the limits of expansion of small‐diameter covered stents used for peripheral vascular intervention.
The authors suggest that the studied stents can probably be dilated safely well beyond their labeled diameters, with some variability among stent models.
Studies such as this one are welcome, as they provide reassurance to vascular interventionalists and help us find solutions for our patients.
Asymptomatic patients with severe hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: New perspectives on early percutaneous treatment
Authors: Musumeci Giuseppe , Colopi Marzia 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic cardiac disease.
Reverse cardiac remodeling after alcohol septal ablation has been reported in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who are symptomatic despite medical therapy.
No data exist on early percutaneous therapy to reverse adverse remodeling and improve prognosis in asymptomatic patients with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
Use of MitraClip for mitral valve repair in patients with acute mitral regurgitation following acute myocardial infarction: Effect of cardiogenic shock on outcomes (IREMMI Registry)
Authors: Estévez‐Loureiro Rodrigo , Shuvy Mony , Taramasso Maurizio , Benito‐Gonzalez Tomas , Denti Paolo , Arzamendi Dabit , Adamo Marianna , Freixa Xavier , Villablanca Pedro , Krivoshei Lian , Fam Neil , Spargias Konstantinos , Czarnecki Andrew , Haberman Dan , Agmon Yoram , Sudarsky Doron , Pascual Isaac , Ninios Vlasis , Scianna Salvatore , Moaraf Igal , Schiavi Davide , Chrissoheris Michael , Beeri Ronen , Kerner Arthur , Fernández‐Peregrina Estefanía , Di Pasquale Mattia , Regueiro Ander , Poles Lion , Iñiguez‐Romo Andres , Fernández‐Vázquez Felipe , Maisano Francesco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo assess outcomes in patients with acute mitral regurgitation (MR) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who received percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) with the MitraClip device and to compare outcomes of patients who developed cardiogenic shock (CS) to those who did not (non‐CS).BackgroundAcute MR after AMI may lead to CS and is associated with high mortality.MethodsThis registry analyzed patients with MR after AMI who were treated with MitraClip at 18 centers within eight countries between January 2016 and February 2020. Patients were stratified into CS and non‐CS groups. Primary outcomes were mortality and rehospitalization due to heart failure. Secondary outcomes were acute procedural success, functional improvement, and MR reduction. Multivariable Cox regression analysis evaluated association of CS with clinical outcomes.ResultsAmong 93 patients analyzed (age 70.3 ± 10.2 years), 50 patients (53.8%) experienced CS before PMVR. Mortality at 30 days (10% CS vs. 2.3% non‐CS; p = .212) did not differ between groups. After median follow‐up of 7 months (IQR 2.5–17 months), the combined event mortality/re‐hospitalization was similar (28% CS vs. 25.6% non‐CS; p = .793). Likewise, immediate procedural success (90% CS vs. 93% non‐CS; p = .793) and need for reintervention (CS 6% vs. non‐CS 2.3%, p = .621) or re‐admission due to HF (CS 13% vs. NCS 23%, p = .253) at 3 months did not differ. CS was not independently associated with the combined end‐point (hazard ratio 1.1; 95% CI, 0.3–4.6; p = .889).ConclusionsPatients found to have significant MR during their index hospitalization for AMI had similar clinical outcomes with PMVR whether they presented in or out of cardiogenic shock, provided initial hemodynamic stabilization was first achieved before PMVR.