bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Evaluation On Cardiac Remodeling Mechanism After Intensive Exercise: A Preliminary Study of Non-enhanced Cardiac Cine MRI
Authors: Liang hongqin , Zhu Liqiang , Ji Bing , Shang Yongning , Zhou xiaoyue , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: High intensity and longtime aerobic exercise may lead to the remodeling of both left and right ventricles with increased myocardial mass and cavity dilatation,which is mainly reflected in the changes of traditional cardiac function parameters.Feature tracking myocardial strain allows quantitative strain analysis of myocardial functionThe purpose was to quantitatively evaluate traditional cardiac function and feature tracking myocardial strain of exercise-induced ,andMaterials and methods: The study included 67 healthy volunteers (21 ± 2 years of age). The exercise group (n=43) who fulfilled our defined exercise criteria. The control group (n=23) who maintained a basic daily life .Noncontrast enhancement CMR scanning were performed on all the subjects using a 3T MRI scanner .Cvi42 software was used for post-processing . Left ventricular cardiac function and overall globle stress were measured.Results: Cardiac function parameters in the exercise group were significantly higher than those of the control group except for the ejection fractions (EFs) and heart rates (HRs). The GRS peak strain and GLS peak diastolic strain rates of both groups were significantly different (P＜0.05).The GRS peak strains and EFs were partly correlated (R=0.61). The GRS peak diastolic strains and cardiac Indices (CIs) were significantly correlated (R=0.68). The GCS and GRS Peak Strains showed highly negative correlations (R=–0.96). The GCS and GRS time to peak values were also highly correlated (R= 0.87). Conclusion:The initial results showed that Changes in the functional parameters were more obvious than in the myocardial strain parameters, and some strain indices were correlated with the cardiac functional parameters,when the remodeling of the heart occurs.This is a new attempt to quantitatively assessment of Cardiac function and strain by Non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance.
Comparative Effect of Dietary Supplements On Performance And Severity of Experimental Eimeria Tenella Infection In Broiler Chickens
Authors: Ogwiji Matthew , Danladi Jatau Isa , Joseph Natala Audu , Dahiru Sani , Buhari Habibu , Aliyu Andamin Danlami , Stephen Kyari , Khadijat Gasaliyu Abidemi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The effect of the dietary supplements; sugarcane molasses (prebiotic), Antox® (probiotic) and Enflorax® (synbiotic) on gut health, performance and severity of infection with Eimeria tenella in broiler chickens were evaluated in this study. Ninety (90) day-old broiler chicks were divided into six groups (A, B, C, D, E and F). Groups B to F were challenged with Eimeria tenella (2.0 × 104 oocysts/chick). Groups C, D and E were supplemented from day old with prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic respectively, while F was administered amprolium. Groups A and B served as negative and positive controls respectively. Feed intake and performance parameters were assessed weekly for each group. After infection clinical signs, morbidity and mortality rates were monitored alongside oocysts output, gross and microscopic caecal lesions. Infected chickens exhibited clinical signs 4 days post infection (dpi) with 100% morbidity in all infected groups. Infected groups showed significant (P<0.05) drop in feed intake and weight gain from 3 - 5 weeks of age. Feed conversion ratio was highest in B but lower in the supplemented groups. Oocysts output in faeces were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the supplemented groups compared with B. Macroscopic lesion scores 7 dpi were significantly lower in the supplemented groups compared with B, though Group F had the lowest mean score. Histopathological examination of caeca tissues showed milder lesions in the supplemented groups. In conclusion, the supplements prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic ameliorated the consequences of caecal coccidiosis in broiler chickens and therefore recommended for use in broiler production.
Application of Improved GS Algorithm In Cell Computing Holography
Authors: Wang Xiu xin , wang Hao , Fu Guan , Ling Jiwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: As an important research direction in cell image processing, Computer Hologram(CH) can quantitatively detect and analyze the amplitude and phase information of cells and holographic reconstruct the recorded images. Compared with the traditional optical microscope, CH reduces the complexity of operation, avoids the operation of cell staining and does not affect the physiological characteristics of cells in the recording process. It plays an important role in the field of cell morphology measurement and deformation analysis. Results: An improved Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm is proposed to reconstruct cell hologram based on phase information. The cell image reconstructed by GS Algorithm with phase restricted conditions are analyzed and compared. Through the comparative experiments of different models, it shows that the improved GS algorithm is better than the traditional GS algorithm in cell image reconstruction based on phase information. With the improved algorithm of phase mapping and normalization conditions, the reconstructed image can distinguish the cell edge information and high signal-to-noise ratio information. The urine sediment image is taken as the experimental object. After reconstruction by this algorithm, other impurity cells can be filtered out, and the aberrant red blood cell image with clear edge can be obtained. This improved algorithm provides a new application for cell detection in clinical diagnosis.Conclusions: The phase map reflects the temporal and spatial information of the image, determines the time or spatial position where different frequency signals appear, and describes the overall shape of the object. Due to biological cells generally for phase type or class phase objects, the improved GS algorithm in this paper can well describe the phase information of restored image, which is more suitable for the practical application of cell phase reconstruction.
Preoperative fibrinogen-to-prealbumin ratio and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio/prealbumin ratio versus platelet distribution width-to-platelet count ratio as a prognostic predictor for bladder cancer
Authors: wu jiacheng , Zhai Baoqian , Li Tao , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Evidence indicates that preoperative fibrinogen/prealbumin (FPR), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio/prealbumin ratio (NLR/PA) and platelet distribution width-to-platelet count ratio (PDW/PLT) possess prognostic potential in numerous malignancies. However, their roles in bladder cancer remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between FPR, NLR/PA versus PDW/PLT and the prognosis in bladder cancer patients.
Methods

The clinical data of 147 patients with bladder cancer treated in Nantong cancer hospital from January 2009 to August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. According to ROC curve, the optimal critical value of FPR, NLR/PA and PDW/PLT were 0.1084, 0.1045 and 0.1210 respectively. The patients were followed up for 5 years to observe the survival of the patients, and the clinicopathological data were statistically analyzed. Cox regression analysis was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Finally, on this basis, the nomogram is constructed for internal verification.
Results

All patients were followed up for 5 years. A total of 102 patients survived with a survival rate of 69.4%, 45 patients died with a mortality rate of 30.6%. Further stratified analysis showed that the group with low FPR, low NLR/PA and low PDW/PLT had the best prognosis, while the group with high FPR, high NLR/PA and high PDW/PLT had the worst prognosis. Cox multivariate analysis showed that preoperative FPR, NLR/PA and PDW/PLT were independent risk factors for tumor progression (p = 0.007, p = 0.013, p = 0.000). The decrease of FPR, NLR/PA and PDW/PLT can significantly prolong OS and PFS in patients with bladder cancer. In internal validation, the c-index of the nomogram was 0.8140 (95% CI: 0.7577–0.8703).
Conclusions

Preoperative FPR and NLR/PA versus PDW/PLT can be an independent prognostic factor in bladder cancer patients and are associated with clinicopathological characteristics. They have a specific value in assessing the prognosis of bladder cancer patients.
Involvement of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD-Dependent Pyroptosis In BPA-Induced Apoptosis of Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Wang Congcong , Wang Lei , Huang Chengmeng , Liu Yungang , Kuang Hongxuan , Pang Qihua , Han Hongyu , Fan Ruifang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBisphenol A (BPA) is an additive in polycarbonate and epoxy resin particles with endocrine disrupting effects. Previously it has been reported that BPA is neurotoxic via induction of cell apoptosis and inflammation, and our recent studies showed that even at nanomolar concentrations BPA accelerated the apoptosis and death of human neuroblastoma cells from both genders, whose mechanisms remain, however, unidentified.ResultsHuman neuroblastoma cell lines developed from male and female subjects, IMR-32 and SK-N-SH, respectively, were exposed to BPA at concentrations ranging from 1 nM to 100 μM, for 24 h, with or without epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, 4 or 8 μM), Z-YVAD-FMK (1 or 10 μM, caspase-1 inhibitor), and ICI182.780 (100 nM or 3 μM, estrogen receptor inhibitor) as modulators. The results showed that BPA nonlinearly upregulated the levels of IL-18, ASC, GSDMD and NLRP3 mRNAs and that of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD and IL-1β proteins in IMR-32 and SK-N-SH cells. Noticeably, the mRNA levels of caspase-1 and IL-1β were changed differently in the two cell lines: the level of caspase-1 mRNA was enhanced in IMR-32 cells but suppressed in SK-N-SH cells, and that of IL-1β was suppressed in IMR-32 cells but enhanced in SK-N-SH cells. The level of GSDMD expression in situ was along with the increase in the release of IL-1β, IL-18, caspase-1 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Additionally, Z-YVAD-FMK, ICI182.780 and EGCG significantly reversed the changes of the above mRNAs/proteins induced by BPA. BPA significantly reduced the level of the reactive oxygen species and the rate of LDH leakage and apoptosis, while obviously increased the cell viability and the mitochondrial membrane potential. Meanwhile, Z-YVAD-FMK and ICI182.780 abruptly reduced the levels of Bak1, Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 proteins induced by BPA. ConclusionAs mediated by the estrogen receptor, BPA may induce the pyroptosis of neuroblastoma cells through NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway, and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis may be involved in BPA-induced apoptosis, which is alleviated by EGCG, an anti-oxidation agent.
Fe(III)-Activated Sulfite Revisited: The Overlooked Role of High-Valent Iron(IV)-Oxo Complex (Fe(IV)) in Water Treatment
Authors: Luo Luna , Wang Zhen , Guo Qin , Wei Xipeng , Hu Jianpeng , Luo Yu , Jiang Jin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sulfate radical (SO4•−) and its secondary radical (hydroxyl radical, •OH) are commonly recognized as the primary reactive intermediates formed by Fe(III)/sulfite system. However, it still remains unknown whether Fe(IV) is involved in this system where the well documented Fe(IV)-precursors (i.e., Fe(II) and persulfates) were in-situ generated. Intriguingly, we observed that methyl phenyl sulfone (PMSO2), indicative of Fe(IV) formation, was formed during methyl phenyl sulfoxide (PMSO) transformation in Fe(III)/sulfite system, which unprecedently verified that Fe(IV) played a crucial role in it. In parallel, the involvement of SO4•− and •OH in this system were also identified, but the limited •OH was proposed to be derived from hydrolysis of both Fe(IV) and SO4•−, rather than by self-decay of SO4•− alone. Moreover, the contribution of Fe(IV) relative to it of free radicals was explored by monitoring the yield of PMSO2. It was disclosed that the relative contribution of Fe(IV) was progressively promoted as Fe(III)-sulfite reaction proceeding with an upper limit of 80%-90%, and it was accelerated by promoting Fe(III) and sulfite dosages, while was declined with increasing pH. Furthermore, a kinetic model was developed, which precisely simulated kinetic traces of PMSO transformation and dissolved oxygen evolution in Fe(III)/sulfite system. More importantly, the kinetic model offered the first insight into the evolution of Fe(IV), SO4•−, and •OH, which provided in-depth mechanistic understanding of the iron-catalyzed sulfite auto-oxidation process. Considering the different chemical properties between Fe(IV) and free radicals, it is urgent to re-evaluate the decontamination process by iron/sulfite system.
Fluorescent Composite Hydrogel of Carboxymethyl Celluose-Eu(Ⅲ)/Polyvinyl Alcohol and Its Application in Functional Paper
Authors: Ye Fang , Ye Jun , Xiong Jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A novel carboxymethyl cellulose-Europium(Ⅲ)/polyvinyl alcohol (CMC-Eu(Ⅲ)/PVA) fluorescent hydrogel was prepared by a green and facile method. The hydrogel formed a physical cross-linking network under mild reaction conditions without using volatile organic chemical reagents. A porous structure was formed by the hydrogen bonding and other interaction between the PVA chains and the free hydroxyl on CMC-Eu(Ⅲ) during the composite gel transformation process. The addition of CMC-Eu(Ⅲ) improved the tensile and compressive mechanical properties of PVA hydrogel. When the CMC-Eu(Ⅲ) content was 15%, the maximum tensile stress of the composite hydrogel was 47.25±10.35 kPa and the compressive stress was 10.14±1.90 kPa. Meanwhile, the CMC-Eu(Ⅲ)/PVA hydrogels exhibited a 5D0→7F2 characteristic emission peak of Eu3+ at 615 nm, and emitted stable red fluorescence under UV irradiation at 254 nm. Moreover, the hydrogel was applied in making fluorescent paper as an internal sizing agent. When the amount of hydrogel was 1%, the tensile strength of fluorescent paper reached 3.52 kN/m, which is promising in the application of anti-counterfeiting.
MCT4 Upregulates PD-L1 Expression and Defines Novel Composite Therapeutic Targets for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Duan Xianxian , Hu Xiao , Liu Zhanzhao , Li Ning , Qin Junfang , Lan Lan , Yuan Mengci , Wang Yue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Immune checkpoint blocking therapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has shown promising availability for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, in some cases, targeting efficiency is low and efficient gene interaction networks need to be sought, which inspired the exploration that MCT4 and PD-L1 co-expression network analysis and potential regulatory mechanism research. In the paper, bioinformatics, Western blot, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, biochemical analysis, multiple immunohistochemistry, CRISPR/Cas9 and lentiviral transduction for MCT4 knockout (sgMCT4/231 KO) or overexpression (pEGFP-N1-MCT4/231) were adopted. Analysis of database basis showed MCT4 (SLC16A3) and PD-L1 (CD274) were functionally correlated and highly expressed in TNBC cells, further MCT4 and PD-L1 were co-expressed (more than 50% PD-L1+MCT4+ cells) in tissue section of TNBC patients. The expression of PD-L1 in TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468 and BT-549 was sensitive to lactate concentration, and lowering MCT4 expression could downregulate PD-L1 expression through affecting the lactate concentration. These data suggests that MCT4 is positively associated with PD-L1 and the co-targeted therapy for TNBC may be a promising clinical treatment strategy.
Trehangelins ameliorate inflammation-induced skin senescence by suppressing the epidermal YAP-CCN1 axis
Authors: Yokota Mami , Kamiya Yoshiyuki , Suzuki Tamie , Ishikawa Shinsuke , Takeda Akira , Kondo Shinya , Tohgasaki Takeshi , Nakashima Takuji , Takahashi Yoko , Ōmura Satoshi , Sakurai Tetsuhito 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Trehangelins (THG) are newly identified trehalose compounds derived from broth cultures of an endophytic actinomycete, Polymorphospora rubra. THG are known to suppress Cellular Communication Network factor 1 (CCN1), which regulates collagen homeostasis in the dermis. Although the physical properties of THG suggest a high penetration of the stratum corneum, the effect of THG on the epidermis has not been reported. Here we describe a possible mechanism involved in skin aging focusing on the effect of THG on epidermal CCN1. This study shows that: 1) THG suppress epidermal CCN1 expression by inhibiting the translocation of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) to nuclei. 2) Epidermal CCN1, localized at the basement membrane, regulates the balance between the growth and differentiation of keratinocytes. 3) Keratinocytes secrete more CCN1 than fibroblasts, which leads to disruption of the basement membrane and extracellular matrix components. 4) The secretion of CCN1 from keratinocytes is increased by ultraviolet B exposure, especially in aged keratinocytes, and deteriorates the elastic fiber structures in the underlying dermis. 5) Topical application of THG ameliorates the structure of the basement membrane in ex vivo human skin explants. Taken together, THG might be a promising treatment for aged skin by suppressing the aberrant YAP-CCN1 axis.
Psychometric Validation of the Severe Respiratory Insufficiency Quality of Life Questionnaire for the Chilean Adult Population Under Noninvasive Home Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: A. Marianela Andrade , T. Monica Antolini , H. Krishnna Canales , O. Cesar Maquilon , A. Mauricio Fuentes , P. Marinella Mazzei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Noninvasive home mechanical ventilation (NIHMV) has an impact on the health-related quality of life of patients with chronic global respiratory failure (CGRF) of different causes. There are generic and specific questionnaires for various respiratory diseases, and recently, in 2003, a patient-specific questionnaire was developed for NIHMV, called the Severe Respiratory Insufficiency (SRI) questionnaire, which has been shown to be reproducible and reliable and has been validated in several languages. Objective: Validate the Chilean version of the SRI questionnaire (IRS-cl) in adults with CGRF who use NIHMV. Methods: Cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic convenience sampling of stable patients from five regions of Chile. The IRS-cl and SF-36 (gold standard) questionnaires were applied, and demographic and ventilatory data were collected. Reliability was analyzed using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation (test-retest). Construct validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis (principal component extraction and equimax orthogonal rotation) and hypothesis testing (Mann-Whitney test). Convergent criterion validity was tested using Spearman’s rho. Results: The sample comprised 248 patients, 132 of whom were women (53.2%), with a median age of 62±17.5 years. There was a predominance of older adults, and 40% had a low education level. The completion time of the questionnaire was 18.8 ± 9.1 minutes (viable), and 100% of the items were answered. The questionnaire was self-applied by 46.8% of the sample. The IRS-cl showed very good overall reliability (0.95) and by scales (>0.7). It also showed a good correlation with the SF-36, with equivalent scales, a rotated matrix with 8 factors and hypotheses that explain the underlying constructs. Conclusions: The IRS-cl has good psychometric properties. It is feasible, valid and reliable for application to evaluate CGRF of various causes. It was found to be sensitive to assess the characteristics of the local population.
Direct and indirect viral associations predict coexistence in wild plant virus communities
Authors: Norberg Anna , Susi Hanna , Sallinen Suvi , Safdari Pezhman , Clark Nicholas , Laine Anna-Liisa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Integration of community ecology with disease biology is viewed as a promising avenue for uncovering determinants of pathogen diversity, and for predicting disease risks. Plant-infecting viruses represent a vastly underestimated component of biodiversity with potentially important ecological and evolutionary roles. We performed hierarchal spatial analysis of wild plant populations to characterise the diversity and coexistence structure of within-host virus communities, and their predictors. Our results show that these virus communities are characterised by single infections of few, dominating virus taxa as well as diverse, non-random coinfections. Using a novel graphical modelling framework we demonstrate that after accounting for environmental heterogeneity at the level of both individual host plants and populations, most virus co-occurrence patterns can be attributed to virus-virus associations. Moreover, we show that conditioning variables changed virus association networks especially through their indirect effects. This highlights a previously underestimated mechanism of how human-driven environmental change can influence disease risks.
Enhanced Anti-Angiogenic and Anticancer Efficacy of Nanoformulated Catechin in the Chemoprevention of Skin Cancer
Authors: Sudha Thangirala , Salaheldin Taher A , Darwish Noureldien H E , Mousa Shaker A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim: Nontoxic epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea significantly inhibits tumors in many cancers, including melanoma. Despite the benefits, EGCG has poor stability therefore, to enhance bioavailability and anticancer efficiency, we synthesized 3 nanoformulations. Methods: In Nano 1, ZnO nanoparticles were used for encapsulating EGCG. For Nano 2, EGCG nanoformulation was prepared with co-polymeric nanoparticle-encapsulated formulations of lycopene. Olive oil nano emulsion was used in EGCG Nano 3. Evaluated physical characteristics and anticancer efficacy in chick chorioallantoic membrane tumor model. Results: Nanoformulations were stable with high EGCG encapsulation efficiency and loading. They inhibited melanoma growth effectively than free EGCG. Conclusion: Nanoformulations preparation methods efficiently prevented the loss of EGCG activity and is a favorable approach for the treatment of melanoma.