bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A classe plataformizada tem dois sexos
Authors: Vidigal Viviane 
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem como escopo iluminar a incorporação da questão de gênero à plataformização do trabalho. O recorte de gênero, dentro do mosaico de atividades do trabalho plataformizado, ainda é pouco pautado e, pretende-se contribuir para a superação dessa lacuna. Sustenta-se que o modo como o trabalho se organiza por plataformas, entrelaçado à ausência de uma rede de proteção trabalhista e social, contribui para que as mulheres sejam as mais afetadas nesse modelo, atualizando e aprofundando a desigualdade de gênero existente em outras configurações laborais. Os três eixos analíticos principais do artigo, trabalho, algoritmização e resistência se desdobram nas hipóteses de que, a conformação do(a) trabalhador(a) pordemanda produz um trabalhador(a) ideal que, dada a divisão sexual do trabalho, não é gênero neutro. O gerenciamento algorítmico se apropria, organiza e reproduz um conjunto de desigualdades já existentes. Demonstra-se que as respostas algorítmicas aos anseios do capital possuem viés de gênero. Na resistência ao trabalho despojado de direitos, questiona-se qual a história que as mulheres constroem para si – em que greves se engajam, como se articulam, criam estratégias e negociam sua visibilidade. Para construir esses argumentos, serão apresentados dados empíricos, recolhidos de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com trabalhadores(as) plataformizados(as) das seguintes atividades: transporte de passageiro, entrega de comida e manicures, atuantes nas cidades de Campinas/SP e São Paulo/SP.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Plataformização, Gênero, Trabalho, Algoritmização, Resistência.
Results of use of polyacrylamide gel Noltrexsin in patients with different grades of gonarthrosis in outpatient practice
Authors: Kuznetsov V. I. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Osteoarthritis of the knee joints is the most common joint disease affecting more than 80% of people over 55 years of age. The priority method for the treatment of gonarthrosis is the use of local injection therapy with the introduction of synovial ﬂuid endoprostheses based on hyaluronic acid, included in the Second Step of the ESCEO 2019 algorithm. Viscoelastic polyacrylamide gels for intra-articular administration since 2003 have also shown their high effciency in the symptomatic OA treatment. Since 2018, the new 3rd generation PAAG endoprosthesis of synovial ﬂuid, Noltrexsin, has been actively used.Objective. To compare the efficacy and safety of Noltrexsin viscoprosthesis use with oral NSAIDs in patients with grade I-III of gonarthrosis.Materials and methods. 40 patients with gonarthrosis participated in a comparative study of the effcacy and safety of injection therapy Noltrexsin 4.0 ml No. 2 (study group, А) and oral administration of NSAIDs 200 mg per day (comparison group, В). NSAIDs were taken in groups A and B, the duration of therapy in both groups was 1 month. The results were evaluated by standard examination methods, including measuring the range of motion in the joint and scoring of physical signs, tests with walking up the stairs and at a distance, VAS, WOMAC, Lequesne Index.Results. In group А, a more signifcant reduction in pain according to VAS was revealed to 15–20 mm at the grade I–II of gonarthrosis and up to 25–30 mm in the grade III, a decrease in the Lequesne index to 1–2 and 3–4 points, respectively. In group В with a standard therapy, and then on-demand within 6 months, a decrease in VAS was revealed on the 8–9th day, and after 6 months the level of pain at the grade I–II did not exceed 20–25 mm, at the grade 3 it did not decrease below 40–45 mm. The Lequesne Index decreased to 2 points at the grade I–II and to 6–7 points at the grade III. Changes of WOMAC index correlated with VAS.Conclusions. 1. Noltrexsin can be used as a safe endoprosthesis of synovial ﬂuid in the form of local injection therapy in patients with insufficient effect of chondroprotectors and NSAIDs. 2. Noltrexsin is recommended for use at all stages of arthrosis, as well as in comorbid patients.
Changes in methotrexate polyglutamate concentration in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during treatment and after discontinuation (review of two cases)
Authors: Gridneva G. I. , Aronova E. S. , Samarkina E. Yu. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The dynamics of changes in the concentration of polyglutamates of methotrexate (MTPG) over the past 20 years has been studied by several scientifc groups using various methods. For a number of reasons, the results of these studies cannot be called uniform and cannot be confdently projected onto the Russian population of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). At the same time, therapeutic drug monitoring of methotrexate (MT) with clearly defned target values of metabolites could be an extremely useful tool in routine clinical practice.Purpose of the study. To characterize the concentration of MTPG in dynamics during treatment and 12 weeks after discontinuation of MT.Materials and methods. Two patients with early RA were traced 4, 12, 24 weeks after MT appointment, and also 12 weeks after its cancellation due to nausea that appeared during treatment. At each visit, an analysis was made for MTPG content by tandem gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results. Against the background of treatment, the signifcantly predominant metabolite was MTPG with three and gour residues of glutamic acid (the so-called long-chain), while 12 weeks after discontinuation, MTPG 2 was the predominant fraction.Conclusions. Low values of MTPG 3 and MTPG 4 with high values of MTPG 2 may indicate a recent initiation of treatment or MTB cancellation within the next 3 months. In the event of subjective adverse reactions (ADRs), it is advisable to consider the possibility of switching to a drug analogue of another manufacturer.
Periarticular lesions as actual problem of general practice: modern possibilities of diagnosis and boosting effectiveness of treatment
Authors: Babaeva A. R. , Ansarova A. A. , Kalinina E. V. , Kostryukova I. V. 
Published: December 2021

Background. Lesions of extra-articular soft tissues occupy a leading place in the structure of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in primary health care. At the same time, insuffcient attention is paid to this pathology, which leads to a decrease in the quality of care for patients with extra-articular pathology.Objective. Increasing the awareness of general practitioners about the clinical forms of extra-articular soft tissue diseases, current approaches to diagnosis and treatment.Basic provisions. The article presents the characteristics of the main forms of periarticular lesions: periarthritis, incl. painful shoulder, tendonitis, tenosynovitis, capsulitis, bursitis. The leading mechanisms of periarticular disorders are presented, the clinical picture and diagnostic signs of particular forms are described. The role of modern methods of visualization of periarticular lesions using ultrasound and MRI is noted. The main approaches to the drug therapy of periarticular disorders are presented, including use of slow-acting symptom-modifying drugs (SYSADOA). The authors present their own data demonstrating the connective tissue metabolism disturbance in periarticular disorders as well as the effectiveness of the drug Alﬂutop in the treatment of periarticular lesions of a ‘mechanical’ nature.Conclusions. Primary forms of periarticular disorders are a consequence of microtraumatization and can be attributed to ‘mechanical’ types of damage. The ultrasound is pivotal in the diagnosis and evaluation the severity of the lesion and its origin. Biomarkers of connective tissue damage can be detected in the blood of patients with periarticular disorders. The treatment results can be improved with drugs from the SYSADOA group.
Multilocus Sequence Typing of Non-JP2 Serotype b Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Strains of Ghanaian and Swedish Origin
Authors: Claesson Rolf , Johansson Anders , Höglund Åberg Carola , Esberg Anders , Haubek Dorte , Oscarsson Jan 
Published: December 2021

Objective and MethodsThe Gram-negative bacterium, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is associated with periodontitis affecting young individuals. The geographic dissemination of the highly leukotoxic JP2 genotype of serotype b of this species was previously studied by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Here, we have used MLST to genetically characterize non-JP2 genotype strains of serotype b, isolated from individuals living in Ghana (n=41), and in Sweden (n=13), respectively.ResultsThe MLST analysis revealed a total of nine sequence types (ST). Both Ghanaian and Swedish isolates were distributed in ST 1-3. ST 5 and 6 were only identified among the Ghanaian strains, whereas ST 4, 7, 8 and 9 were uniquely represented among the Swedish strains. Previously, we characterized these non-JP2 genotype strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b by arbitrarily-primed (AP)-PCR, which distributed them into three groups, AP-PCR type 1, 2, and 3, respectively. AP-PCR type 1 strains are generally highly leukotoxic, and are associated with progression of periodontal attachment loss. As AP-PCR type 1 includes both JP2 genotype strains and a proportion of non-JP2 genotype strains of serotype b, a straightforward diagnostic procedure has been sought. This has revealed a gene, cagE, which appears to be conserved only in this AP-PCR type. According to our results, MLST was not a highly discriminatory method to identify AP-PCR type 1, as strains of this AP-PCR type could be found within three different ST: ST 2, ST 3 and ST 8.ConclusionAccording to MLST, a geographic dissemination of non-JP2 genotype A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b appears to exist. However, aiming to identify carriers of AP-PCR type 1, non-JP2 genotype serotype b, PCR with cagE-specific primers is likely the most efficient diagnostic procedure known today.
Effect of Drug-Coated Balloon in Side Branch Protection for de novo Coronary Bifurcation Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Yawei , Li Jie , Wang Lingzhun , Yu Peng , Shi Haibo , Wu Lihua , Chen Jiandong 
Published: December 2021

Background: At present, there are a variety of treatment strategies for percutaneous coronary intervention. The role of drug-coated balloon (DCB) in the treatment of side branch for de novo coronary bifurcated lesions (CBL) is unclear.Objective: To examine the effect of DCB in side branch protection for de novo CBL.Methods: Electronic databases, including Pubmed, Embase, the Web of science, Cochrance library, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and VIP were searched for studies that compared DCB with non-drug-coated balloon (NDCB) in side branch protection for de novo CBL from inception through July 7th, 2021. The primary outcome was target lesion revascularization (TLR). Secondary clinical outcomes included myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac death (CD). The angiographic outcomes included side branch late lumen loss (LLL), minimum lumen diameter (MLD), diameter stenosis (DS) and binary restenosis (BR). The target lesion failure (TLF) was also analyzed.Results: A total of 10 studies, including 5 randomized controlled trials and 5 non-randomized observational studies, with 934 patients were included. Meta-analysis results of angiographic outcomes suggested that DCB group had the less LLL, DS and BR and the higher MLD compared with NDCB group at follow-up (P &lt; 0.05). Meta-analysis results of clinical outcomes suggested that the significant difference in the TLR, MI and CD between DCB group and NDCB group has not been found yet (P &gt; 0.05). However, the MACE of DCB group was significantly less than that of NDCB group at 9-month follow-up [OR = 0.21, 95%CI (0.05, 0.84), P = 0.03] and 12-month follow-up [OR = 0.45, 95%CI (0.22, 0.90), P = 0.02]. In addition, there was no significant difference in TLF between DCB group and NDCB group (P &gt; 0.05).Conclusions: DCB had great effect in side branch protection for de novo CBL at short and medium-term follow-up with no reduction in the procedural success rate.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=267426, PROSPERO [Identifier: CRD42021267426].
Transposition of Isolated Left Vertebral Artery in Hybrid Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Yang Guangmin , Chen Hongwei , Sun Guangxiao , Lou Wensheng , Chen Xin , Zhang Leiyang 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to present our experience with the management of isolated left vertebral artery (ILVA) during complex thoracic aortic pathology treated with the hybrid thoracic endovascular aortic repair.Methods: This is a single-center, respective cohort study. Between June 2016 and June 2020, 13 patients (12 men; median age 60 years old, range 42–72 years old) who underwent hybrid procedures were identified with ILVA in our center. Demographics, imaging features, operation details, and follow-up in these patients were collected and analyzed.Results: In this study, all patients received the hybrid procedure, and the primary technical success rate was 100%. There were no in-hospital deaths. Complication occurred in two (15.4%) patients. One patient suffered from contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) and recovered before discharge. Another patient required reintervention for acute left-lower-limb ischemia, which was successfully treated using Fogarty catheter embolectomy. Immediate vagus/recurrent laryngeal never palsy, lymphocele, and chylothorax were not observed. The median duration of follow-up was 22 months (range, 13–29 months). No neurologic deficits, bypass occlusion, or ILVA occlusion or stenosis were observed during the follow-up. No aortic rupture, cerebrovascular accident, or spinal cord ischemia was observed during the follow-up period.Conclusions: Our limited experience reveals that hybrid procedures [thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), ILVA transposition, and left common carotid artery-left subclavian artery (LCCA-LSA) bypass] are relatively safe, feasible, and durable for the treatment of thoracic aortic pathology with ILVA. However, further technique durability and larger studies with long-term follow-up periods are warranted.
Mid-Late Holocene Sub-Millennial Scale Inverse Trends of South Asian Summer and Winter Monsoons in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gayantha Kasun , Roberts Patrick , Routh Joyanto , Wedage Oshan , Ott Florian , Frenzel Peter , Chandrajith Rohana , Gleixner Gerd 
Published: December 2021

The South Asian Monsoon (SAM) brings precipitation crucial for agriculture across the densely populated region of South Asia. Identifying the key long-term drivers of the SAM is essential to improve the predictability of future monsoonal trends in the context of current global climate scenarios and increasingly frequent drought and flooding events in this part of the world. Here, we reconstruct ∼6000 years of climatic and environmental history of the South Asian summer monsoon-fed Bolgoda South Lake and the Horton Plains, and the winter monsoon-fed Panama lagoon, in Sri Lanka to better understand monsoonal operation over this island and its connection to broader climate systems. Multiple proxies (diagnostic biomarkers, hydrogen and carbon isotopes of individual n-alkane, grain size, and Zr/Rb elemental ratio) indicate a sub-millennial scale decreasing trend of summer monsoon rainfall in the wet zone of Sri Lanka alongside an increasing trend of winter monsoon rainfall in the dry zone during the last ∼6000 years. We also observed multi-centennial scale arid events in the Bolgoda South Lake and Horton Plains records at ∼3,500 and ∼1,000 cal years BP. Inverse monsoonal behavior during the mid- and late Holocene seems to be led by the southward migration of the mean latitudinal position of ITCZ, induced by varying solar energy distribution between the Northern and Southern hemispheres due to Earth’s processional cycle. Our observations are broadly supported by existing paleoclimatic records from the Indian sub-continent, but abrupt arid phases are asynchronous in the regional records. In addition, these short-term arid conditions do not show systematic correlations with the different modes of climate variables known to have teleconnections with the Indian Ocean monsoon.
Combination of Endogenous Estradiol and Adipokine Leptin in Breast Cancer Risk and Prognosis Assessment in Postmenopausal Chinese Women
Authors: Luo Yang , Li Han-Bing , Zhang Yue , Wu Yu-Xin , Shen Di , Che Yi-Qun 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveOur study aims to clarify the role of estradiol and leptin in breast cancer risk and prognostic assessment in postmenopausal Chinese women.DesignThe serum circulating estradiol and leptin level was detected by ELISA. Then the correlation between estradiol, leptin level, and clinical characteristics was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Next, the Kaplan-Meier model was used to analyze the association between estradiol, leptin, and prognosis of postmenopausal breast cancer patients in our cohort and the TCGA dataset.SettingThe study was conducted at the National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College.PatientsA total of 182 postmenopausal breast cancer patients and 111 healthy subjects from January 2010 to August 2010 were included in the analysis. Another 702 cases with breast cancer were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for subsequent analysis.Main Outcome MeasureSerum circulating estradiol and leptin level.ResultsThe level of estradiol was significantly higher (P&lt;0.001) but the level of leptin had no significant difference (P = 0.764) in postmenopausal breast cancer patients compared with healthy subjects. The level of estradiol and leptin was not significantly different between estrogen receptor (ER) positive and ER-negative groups (P&gt;0.05). Estradiol was significantly correlated with tumor T stage (P = 0.002) and leptin was significantly associated with perineural invasion (P = 0.014). In addition, the disease-free survival of patients with a high level of estradiol was significantly shorter (P = 0.025) but leptin tended to be a protective factor for overall survival in TCGA analysis (P = 0.038).ConclusionCirculating estradiol and leptin played important roles in the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer even in low-estrogen nations with an independent expression of ER status. High circulating estradiol was a poor prognostic factor and leptin may be a protection signal in Chinese postmenopausal patients with breast cancer.
Do Bush Control Techniques Have an Effect on the Density, Cover and Recruitment of Woody Plants in a Semi-Arid Savanna? The Case of a Semi-Arid Savanna, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Hare Malicha L. , Wang Yong D. , Xu Xin W. , Yuan You , Na Zhou , Gedda Abule E. 
Published: December 2021

High bush density and cover have negative effects on the environment in general and on livestock production, in particular in savanna rangelands. The study examined the effects of bush control techniques on woody sapling recruitment in the low land savanna region. The study consisted of 21 plots located next to each other on an area of 5.3 ha encroached byAcacia melliferaandAcacia reficienstrees. Seven bush control treatments were assigned randomly to the plots and replicated three times. In the bush clearing plot, woody species were removed at ground level using a handsaw. In the tree thinning; thinning and grazing; thinning and browsing; thinning and fire, and thinning with fire-browsing treatments, trees were thinned to the equivalents of 60% of the density of that of the control plot. Positive changes in sapling densities were observed in the clearing, thinning, and thinning and grazing treatments. In contrast, the control, thinning and browsing, and thinning and fire treatments presented negative changes in densities. A change in sapling density was highest in the cleared plot, whereas it was lowest in the thinning, fire, and browsing treatment. The correlation between changes in sapling densities and new recruitments was highly (p &lt; 0.001) significant in the clearing, thinning, and thinning and grazing treatments thus increased sapling recruitment with the proportion greater for the clearing treatment. The significant correlation induced average sapling recruitment in the control, and low in the thinning with browsing and thinning with fire treatments. The relationship was insignificant in the thinning, fire, and browsing combination treatment and resulted in the lowest rate of saplings’ recruitment. Postthinning techniques reduced woody tree recruitment and would sustain open savanna under the continuous management plan.
The Second Wave of COVID-19 in South and Southeast Asia and the Effects of Vaccination
Authors: Song Haitao , Fan Guihong , Liu Yuan , Wang Xueying , He Daihai 
Published: December 2021

Background: By February 2021, the overall impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in South and Southeast Asia was relatively mild. Surprisingly, in early April 2021, the second wave significantly impacted the population and garnered widespread international attention.Methods: This study focused on the nine countries with the highest cumulative deaths from the disease as of August 17, 2021. We look at COVID-19 transmission dynamics in South and Southeast Asia using the reported death data, which fits a mathematical model with a time-varying transmission rate.Results: We estimated the transmission rate, infection fatality rate (IFR), infection attack rate (IAR), and the effects of vaccination in the nine countries in South and Southeast Asia. Our study suggested that the IAR is still low in most countries, and increased vaccination is required to prevent future waves.Conclusion: Implementing non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) could have helped South and Southeast Asia keep COVID-19 under control in 2020, as demonstrated in our estimated low-transmission rate. We believe that the emergence of the new Delta variant, social unrest, and migrant workers could have triggered the second wave of COVID-19.