bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported outcomes after incisional hernia repair
Authors: van Veenendaal N. , Poelman M. M. , van den Heuvel B. , Dwars B. J. , Schreurs W. H. , Stoot J. H. M. B. , Bonjer H. J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are pivotal to evaluate the efficacy of surgical management. Debate persists on the optimal surgical technique to repair incisional hernias. Assessment of PROs can guide the selection of the best management of patients with incisional hernias. The objective of this cohort study was to present the PROs after incisional hernia repair at long term follow-up.

Methods
Patients with a history of incisional hernia repair were seen at the out-patient clinic to collect PROs. Patients were asked about the preoperative indication for repair and postoperative symptoms, such as pain, feelings of discomfort, and bulging of the abdominal wall. Additionally, degree of satisfaction was asked and Carolina Comfort Scales were completed.

Results
Two hundred and ten patients after incisional hernia repair were included with a median follow-up of 3.2 years. The main indication for incisional hernia repair was the presence of a bulge (60%). Other main reasons for repair were pain (19%) or discomfort (5%). One hundred and thirty-two patients (63%) reported that the overall status of their abdominal wall had improved after the operation. Postoperative symptoms were reported by 133 patients (63%), such as feelings of discomfort, pain and bulging. Twenty percent of patients reported that the overall status of their abdominal wall was the same, and 17% reported a worse status, compared to before the operation. Ten percent of the patients would not opt for operation in hindsight.

Conclusion
This study showed that a majority of the patients after incisional hernia repair still report pain or symptoms such as feelings of discomfort, pain, and bulging of the abdominal wall 3 years after surgery. Embedding patients’ expectations and PROs in the preoperative counseling discussion is needed to improve decision-making in incisional hernia surgery.
Insights and decision support for home health care services in times of disasters
Authors: Rest Klaus-Dieter , Hirsch Patrick 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHome health care (HHC) services are of vital importance for the health care system of many countries. Further increases in their demand must be expected and with it grows the need to sustain these services in times of disasters. Existing risk assessment tools and guides support HHC service providers to secure their services. However, they do not provide insights on interdependencies of complex systems like HHC. Causal-Loop-Diagrams (CLDs) are generated to visualize the impacts of epidemics, blackouts, heatwaves, and floods on the HHC system. CLDs help to understand the system design as well as cascading effects. Additionally, they simplify the process of identifying points of action in order to mitigate the impacts of disasters. In a case study, the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on HHC in Austria in spring 2020 are shown. A decision support system (DSS) to support the daily scheduling of HHC nurses is presented and applied to numerically analyze the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, using real-world data from a HHC service provider in Vienna. The DSS is based on a Tabu Search metaheuristic that specifically aims to deal with the peculiarities of urban regions. Various transport modes are considered, including time-dependent public transport.
Towards a model-driven approach for multiexperience AI-based user interfaces
Authors: Planas Elena , Daniel Gwendal , Brambilla Marco , Cabot Jordi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSoftware systems start to include other types of interfaces beyond the “traditional” Graphical-User Interfaces (GUIs). In particular, Conversational User Interfaces (CUIs) such as chat and voice are becoming more and more popular. These new types of interfaces embed smart natural language processing components to understand user requests and respond to them. To provide an integrated user experience all the user interfaces in the system should be aware of each other and be able to collaborate. This is what is known as a multiexperience User Interface. Despite their many benefits, multiexperience UIs are challenging to build. So far CUIs are created as standalone components using a platform-dependent set of libraries and technologies. This raises significant integration, evolution and maintenance issues. This paper explores the application of model-driven techniques to the development of software applications embedding a multiexperience User Interface. We will discuss how raising the abstraction level at which these interfaces are defined enables a faster development and a better deployment and integration of each interface with the rest of the software system and the other interfaces with whom it may need to collaborate. In particular, we propose a new Domain Specific Language (DSL) for specifying several types of CUIs and show how this DSL can be part of an integrated modeling environment able to describe the interactions between the modeled CUIs and the other models of the system (including the models of the GUI). We will use the standard Interaction Flow Modeling Language (IFML) as an example “host” language.
A method for transforming knowledge discovery metamodel to ArchiMate models
Authors: Pérez-Castillo Ricardo , Delgado Andrea , Ruiz Francisco , Bacigalupe Virginia , Piattini Mario 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEnterprise architecture has become an important driver to facilitate digital transformation in companies, since it allows to manage IT and business in a holistic and integrated manner by establishing connections among technology concerns and strategical/motivational ones. Enterprise architecture modelling is critical to accurately represent business and their IT assets in combination. This modelling is important when companies start to manage their enterprise architecture, but also when it is remodelled so that the enterprise architecture is realigned in a changing world. Enterprise architecture is commonly modelled by few experts in a manual way, which is error-prone and time-consuming and makes continuous realignment difficult. In contrast, other enterprise architecture modelling proposal automatically analyses some artefacts like source code, databases, services, etc. Previous automated modelling proposals focus on the analysis of individual artefacts with isolated transformations toward ArchiMate or other enterprise architecture notations and/or frameworks. We propose the usage of Knowledge Discovery Metamodel (KDM) to represent all the intermediate information retrieved from information systems’ artefacts, which is then transformed into ArchiMate models. Thus, the core contribution of this paper is the model transformation between KDM and ArchiMate metamodels. The main implication of this proposal is that ArchiMate models are automatically generated from a common knowledge repository. Thereby, the relationships between different-nature artefacts can be exploited to get more complete and accurate enterprise architecture representations.
Stakeholders’ engagement platform to identify sustainable pathways for the development of multi-functional agroforestry in Guadeloupe, French West Indies
Authors: Barlagne Carla , Bézard Marie , Drillet Emilie , Larade Arnaud , Diman Jean-Louis , Alexandre Gisèle , Vinglassalon Arsène , Nijnik Maria 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSocial innovation is critical in shaping human-forest relationships and how farmers and scientists engage with each other to design sustainability transitions. This paper reports on the outputs of a participatory stakeholders’ engagement platform that was designed to draw on local farmers’ knowledge and experience in identifying sustainable pathways for the development of multi-functional agroforestry in Guadeloupe. Two participatory workshops were organised that aimed to gain insights into the reality faced by farmers, in particular: (i) their vision of the future, needs and aspirations; (ii) their understanding of barriers and enablers in relation to the sustainability challenges they are confronted with and; (iii) their framing of human–environment relationships in socio-ecological systems. Outputs of the activities were synthetized by the research team and represented graphically for analysis. Results show that while farmers envision prosperous multifunctional forest farms in the future, they have to face complex challenges that require solutions at multiple scales and suggest different types of innovation: social, institutional, market-based and technical. Farmers saw themselves as being part of the socio-ecological system and as custodians of the natural environment. We discuss the implications of those results in the context of the absence of a system of innovation for agroforestry in Guadeloupe and highlight the opportunity for a innovation ecosystem thinking approach that integrates better the agricultural and forestry sectors, but also between actors and scales of governance. Implementation of aStewardship statuswould enable farmers achieve their vision and embrace a custodian role vis-à-vis the agroforest. Embededment of the stakeholders’ engagement platform and its enabling processes in the innovation ecosystem is key to achieve those objectives.
“I am here for the students”: principals’ perception of accountability amid work intensification
Authors: Wang Fei , Hauseman Cameron , Pollock Katina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreasing job duties and responsibilities associated with the changing role of school principals have prompted even greater accountability. As a result, principals are faced with competing demands and expectations in various forms of accountability from multiple stakeholders. This study examines principals’ perception of accountability in the context of work intensification with a particular focus on the question of “accountable to whom and why.” A total of 1434 practicing principals responded to an online survey that sought to determine the groups and individuals to whom principals feel accountable, and why principals feel accountable to those particular individuals or groups. The survey achieved a response rate of 52.68%. The research results show balancing competing accountabilities concerning students has become a daunting task for school principals. The competing if not conflicting expectations from (federal and state/provincial) educational authorities, teachers, parents, students, and various interest groups often pose significant challenges to principals’ work and add to the complexity of principals’ role. The unrealistic expectations imposed on principals make it imperative to critically examine the changing role of school principals and identify essential and legislatively mandated duties and responsibilities of principalship to better reflect and address their intensified work realities.
Does Counting Different Life Stages Impact Estimates for Extinction Probabilities for Tsetse (Glossina spp)?
Authors: Are Elisha B. , Hargrove John W. , Dushoff Jonathan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs insect populations decline, due to climate change and other environmental disruptions, there has been an increased interest in understanding extinction probabilities. Generally, the life cycle of insects occurs in well-defined stages: when counting insects, questions naturally arise about which life stage to count. Using tsetse flies (vectors of trypanosomiasis) as a case study, we develop a model that works when different life stages are counted. Previous branching process models for tsetse populations only explicitly represent newly emerged adult female tsetse and use that subpopulation to keep track of population growth/decline. Here, we directly model other life stages. We analyse reproduction numbers and extinction probabilities and show that several previous models used for estimating extinction probabilities for tsetse populations are special cases of the current model. We confirm that the reproduction number is the same regardless of which life stage is counted, and show how the extinction probability depends on which life stage we start from. We demonstrate, and provide a biological explanation for, a simple relationship between extinction probabilities for the different life stages, based on the probability of recruitment between stages. These results offer insights into insect population dynamics and provide tools that will help with more detailed models of tsetse populations. Population dynamics studies of insects should be clear about life stages and counting points.
Macht Ähnlichkeit den Unterschied? Wenn sozioökonomisch benachteiligte Schülerinnen und Schüler von sozial ähnlichen Lehrkräften unterrichtet werden
Authors: Ostermann Charlotte , Neugebauer Martin 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungSchulen sind Bourdieu zufolge Mittelschichtsinstitutionen, die entsprechende Verhaltensweisen erwarten und prämieren und so zur Benachteiligung von Schülerinnen und Schülern aus niedrigeren Sozialschichten beitragen. Doch welche Rolle spielen dabei Lehrkräfte, die – geprägt von ihrer eigenen Herkunft – als zentrale Akteure die Schulkultur repräsentieren? Der Beitrag untersucht, ob Schüler von Lehrkräften profitieren, die aus ähnlichen sozialen Verhältnissen stammen. Dazu werden PISA-I-Plus-Längsschnittdaten von N = 2539 Schülern und ihren Mathematiklehrkräften im Hinblick auf Unterstützungsverhalten, Mathematikkompetenz und Schulnoten untersucht. Die Ergebnisse aus Propensity-Score-Matching-Analysen zeigen, dass Schüler bei einer sozial ähnlichen Lehrkraft weder besser lernen noch bessere Noten erzielen. Hingegen fühlen sich Schüler unabhängig von ihrer sozialen Herkunft weniger unterstützt von Lehrkräften aus Arbeiter- und Nichtakademikerfamilien. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass Lehrkräfte aus niedrigeren Sozialschichten nur aufgrund ihrer Herkunft kaum zur Eindämmung von sozialen Bildungsungleichheiten beitragen.
Die Ko-Konstruktion von Führung in veränderungsbezogenen Interaktionen zwischen Führungskräften und Mitarbeitenden
Authors: Güntner Amelie Verena , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag in der ZeitschriftGruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organsationspsychologie (GIO)befasst sich damit, wie Führung in Veränderungsprozessen als dynamischer, wechselseitiger Einflussprozess zwischen Führungskräften und Mitarbeitenden verstanden werden kann und welches Potenzial diese Perspektive für die Effektivität von Führung bietet. Die Hauptaufgabe von Führungskräften wird häufig in der Leitung und Beeinflussung ihrer Mitarbeitenden gesehen. Diese Aufgabe stellt insbesondere im Kontext organisationaler Veränderungen eine Herausforderung dar, wenn es darum geht, Mitarbeitende für eine Verhaltensänderung zu motivieren. Vor dem Hintergrund kontinuierlich stattfindender Veränderungen in der heutigen Zeit gilt es daher, ein Verständnis für die Entwicklung positiver und negativer Interaktionsdynamiken in Gesprächen zwischen Führungskräften und Mitarbeitenden zu entwickeln. In der Führungsforschung bestehen dazu unterschiedliche theoretische Perspektiven, die verschiedene Betrachtungsweisen zu Entstehung und Verlauf von Führung und den Einflussprozessen zwischen Führungskräften und Mitarbeitenden bieten. Der vorliegende Artikel beleuchtet die unterschiedlichen Führungsperspektiven vor dem Hintergrund der Herausforderungen organisationaler Veränderungen und leitet praktische Implikationen ab. Sowohl auf der Ebene von Mitarbeitenden, Führungskräften als auch auf der organisationalen Ebene werden Wege aufgezeigt, wie mit Hilfe des Verständnisses von Führung als dynamischer, wechselseitiger Prozess positive Führungs- und Veränderungsprozesse gestaltet werden können.
Early health technology assessment using the MAFEIP tool. A case study on a wearable device for fall prediction in elderly patients
Authors: Federici Carlo , Pecchia Leandro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBy using a case-study on a fall-prediction device for elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension we aim to demonstrate how the MAFEIP tool, developed as part of the European Innovation Programme on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA), can be used to inform manufacturers on their product development based on a cost-effectiveness criterion. Secondly, we critically appraise the tool and suggest further improvements that may be needed for a larger-scale adoption of MAFEIP within and beside the EIP on AHA initiative. The model was implemented using the MAFEIP tool. Within the tool one way sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the model against the relative effectiveness of the fall-prevention device at different price levels. The MAFEIP tool was applied to a novel fall-prediction device and used to estimate the expected cost-effectiveness and perform threshold analysis. In our case study, the device produced estimated gains of 0.035 QALYs per patient and incremental costs of £ 518 (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio £14,719). Based on the one-way sensitivity analysis, the maximum achievable price at a willingness to pay threshold of £20,000 per QALY is estimated close to £900. The MAFEIP allows to quickly create early economic models, and to explore model uncertainty by performing deterministic sensitivity analysis for single parameters. However, the integration within the MAFEIP of common analytical tools such as probabilistic sensitivity analysis and Value of information would greatly contribute to its relevance for evaluating innovative technologies within and beside the EIP on AHA initiative.
The AI Methods, Capabilities and Criticality Grid
Authors: Schmid Thomas , Hildesheim Wolfgang , Holoyad Taras , Schumacher Kinga 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMany artificial intelligence (AI) technologies developed over the past decades have reached market maturity and are now being commercially distributed in digital products and services. Therefore, national and international AI standards are currently being developed in order to achieve technical interoperability as well as reliability and transparency. To this end, we propose to classify AI applications in terms of the algorithmic methods used, the capabilities to be achieved and the level of criticality. The resulting three-dimensional classification scheme, termed the AI Methods, Capabilities and Criticality (AI-$$\hbox {MC}^2$$MC2) Grid, combines current recommendations of the EU Commission with an ethical dimension proposed by the Data Ethics Commission of the German Federal Government (Datenethikkommission der Bundesregierung: Gutachten. Berlin, 2019). As a whole, the AI-$$\hbox {MC}^2$$MC2Grid allows not only to gain an overview of the implications of a given AI application as well as to compare efficiently different AI applications within a given market or implemented by different AI technologies. It is designed as a core tool to define and manage norms, standards and compliance of AI applications, but helps to manage AI solutions in general as well.
The importance of thinking about Guillain-Barré syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case with pure dysautonomic presentation
Authors: Biassoni Erica , Assini Andrea , Gandoglia Ilaria , Benedetti Luana , Boni Silvia , Pontali Emanuele , Feasi Marcello , Gandolfo Federica , Del Sette Massimo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a peripheral nervous system disease caused by an immune-mediated inflammatory mechanism, usually triggered by a previous infectious process or vaccine; its typical presentation is a rapid and progressive bilateral limb hyposthenia, associated with sensory deficits and reduction or absence of osteotendinous reflexes. However, also autonomic nervous system can be involved with heart rate fluctuations, blood pressure instability, pupillary dysfunction, and urinary retention. Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, GBS has been reported among neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, although etiopathological mechanisms still have to be clearly defined. We report the case of a 79-year-old man with multiple comorbidities, including diabetes, who was affected by SARS-CoV-2 interstitial pneumonia and developed dysautonomic symptoms after 10 days of hospitalization. A neurological evaluation was performed, and GBS was considered as a possible cause of the clinical manifestations. This hypothesis was confirmed by electrophysiological study and further supported, ex-juvantibus, by the satisfactory response to immunoglobulin treatment. In our opinion, this case of pure dysautonomic presentation of GBS in a SARS-CoV-2 positive patient is relevant because it suggests to consider GBS upon SARS-CoV-2 infection even if the symptoms have uncommon characteristics (e.g., pure vegetative manifestations) and if there are confounding factors which could lead to a misdiagnosis (e.g., old age, SARS-CoV-2 infection consequences and diabetes).
A Healable and Mechanically Enhanced Composite with Segregated Conductive Network Structure for High-Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Wang Ting , Kong Wei-Wei , Yu Wan-Cheng , Gao Jie-Feng , Dai Kun , Yan Ding-Xiang , Li Zhong-Ming 
Published: August 2021

Highlights

The cationic waterborne polyurethanes microspheres with Diels-Alder bonds were synthesized for the first time.

The electrostatic attraction not only endows the composite with segregated structure to gain high electromagnetic-interference shielding effectiveness, but also greatly enhances mechanical properties.

Efficient healing property was realized under heating environment.

Abstract
It is still challenging for conductive polymer composite-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials to achieve long-term stability while maintaining high EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), especially undergoing external mechanical stimuli, such as scratches or large deformations. Herein, an electrostatic assembly strategy is adopted to design a healable and segregated carbon nanotube (CNT)/graphene oxide (GO)/polyurethane (PU) composite with excellent and reliable EMI SE, even bearing complex mechanical condition. The negatively charged CNT/GO hybrid is facilely adsorbed on the surface of positively charged PU microsphere to motivate formation of segregated conductive networks in CNT/GO/PU composite, establishing a high EMI SE of 52.7 dB at only 10 wt% CNT/GO loading. The Diels–Alder bonds in PU microsphere endow the CNT/GO/PU composite suffering three cutting/healing cycles with EMI SE retention up to 90%. Additionally, the electrostatic attraction between CNT/GO hybrid and PU microsphere helps to strong interfacial bonding in the composite, resulting in high tensile strength of 43.1 MPa and elongation at break of 626%. The healing efficiency of elongation at break achieves 95% when the composite endured three cutting/healing cycles. This work demonstrates a novel strategy for developing segregated EMI shielding composite with healable features and excellent mechanical performance and shows great potential in the durable and high precision electrical instruments.