bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate vulnerability scenario of the agricultural sector in the Bicol River Basin, Philippines
Authors: Laureta Ricky , Regalado Ric Ryan , Cruz Ermar De La 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper investigated the vulnerability of the agriculture sector and rural agriculture livelihoods in the Bicol River Basin (BRB) of the Philippines to projected changes in climate. The geographical characteristics of the BRB feature eight major sub-basins or watersheds consisting of Libmanan-Pulantuna, Ragay Hills, Thiris, Naga-Yabo, Pawili River, Waras-Lalo, Naporog, and Quinali. The study applied the combination of the participatory tools and the Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment (CRVA) framework to gather information on local climate vulnerabilities and contexts. Briefly, the CRVA employed geospatial modeling and utilized several indicators which are presumed to affect vulnerability including exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity which were aggregated to provide an index of vulnerability. This enabled us to identify areas of exposure and vulnerability and pointed areas of greatest need for strengthened adaptive capacity and risk management. Our findings revealed that vulnerability in the BRB was perceived to be relatively prevalent and that typhoons, flooding, and drought were identified to contribute significant impacts to rural livelihood. Furthermore, our findings in the CRVA suggested significant regional differences in vulnerability in the BRB. The majority of the towns in the central and northwestern portions of the BRB will largely experience increased vulnerability, particularly, in the Thiris sub-basin including some parts of Ragay Hills, Waras-Lalo, and the northwestern Libmanan-Pulantuna sub-basins. On the contrary, the entire Quinali region on the south is revealed to have the lowest vulnerability index. The clear policy implication of these accounts will be on how to mobilize developmental thrusts in both areas of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation at the sub-national level to reinforce local-based climate priority setting in adaptation interventions and policies.
Analyzing of Process Capability Indices based on Neutrosophic Sets
Authors: Yalçın Selin , Kaya Ihsan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Process capability analysis (PCA) is an important statistical analysis approach for measuring and analyzing the ability of the process to meet specifications. This analysis has been applied by producing process capability indices (PCIs). \({C}_{p}\) and \({C}_{pk}\) are the most commonly used PCIs for this aim. Although they are completely effective statistics to analyze process’ capability, the complexity of the production processes based on uncertainty arising from human thinking, incomplete or vague information makes it difficult to analyze the process capability with precise values. When there is uncertain, complex, incomplete and inaccurate information, the capability of the process is successfully analyzed by using the fuzzy sets. Neutrosophic sets (NSs), one of the new fuzzy set extensions, have a significant role in modeling uncertainty, since they contain the membership functions of truth, indeterminacy, and falsity definitions rather than an only membership function. This feature provides a strong advantage for modeling uncertainty. In this paper, PCA has been performed based on NSs to overcome uncertainties of the process. For this purpose, specification limits (SLs) have been reconsidered by using NSs and two of the well-known process capability indices (PCIs) named \({C}_{p}\) and \({C}_{pk}\) have been reformulated. Finally, the neutrosophic process capability indices (NPCIs) named \({C}_{p}\) \(\left({\tilde{\stackrel{⃛}{C}}}_{p}\right)\) and \({C}_{pk}\) \(\left({\tilde{\stackrel{⃛}{C}}}_{pk}\right)\) have been derived for three cases that are created by defining SLs. Additionally, the obtained NPCIs have also been applied and confirmed on real case problems from automotive industry. The obtained results show that the NPCIs support the quality engineers to easily define SLs and obtain more flexible and realistic evaluations for PCA.
Analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement ProgramÒ (ACS NSQIPÒ) database to identify factors associated with postoperative mortality after elective non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Malviya Amit K. , Bruceta Melanio , Singh Preet M. , Bonavia Anthony , Karamchandani Kunal , Gupta Anju 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Various surgical risk assessment tools, including the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement ProgramÒ (ACS NSQIPÒ) risk calculator have been devised to predict post-operative mortality. However, the role of individual factors on mortality is unclear. We sought to identify patient characteristics from the database that were associated with postoperative mortality in patients undergoing elective, non-cardiac surgery. Methods: Data from the ACS NSQIPÒ database at a tertiary care academic medical center was analyzed from January 2011 to September 2016. Relevant patient related variables were extracted from the database and univariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of each potential risk factor with 30-day mortality. A multivariable logistic regression model was then used to assess the adjusted effect of each potential risk factor on the outcome. Results: 5,254 database patient records were identified and among the analyzed variables, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status III and IV (odds ratio and 95%CI : 16.75 [2.29, 122.69] ), poor preoperative functional health status (Odds ratio and 95%CI : 38.52 [2.46, 604.12] ), and low serum albumin (Odds ratio and 95%CI : 3.76 [1.35, 10.44]) were significant predictors of 30-day postoperative mortality.Conclusions: In a comprehensive analysis of the ACS NSQIPÒdatabase, spreading across multiple surgical specialties, we found an association between ASA physical status, preoperative albumin levels, and functional health status with 30-day mortality after elective non-cardiac surgery.
Qatar Diabetes Mobile Application Trial (QDMAT): An Open-Label Randomised Controlled Trial To Examine The Impact of Using A Mobile Application To Improve Diabetes Care In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – A Study Protocol
Authors: Suleiman Noor , Alkasem Meis , Amer Zaina Al , Salameh Obada , Al-Thani Noora , Hamad Mohammad Khair , Baagar Khaled , Abdalhakam Ibrahem , Othman Manal , Dughmosh Ragae , -Mohanadi Dabia Al , Sanousi Ali Al , Bashir Mohammed , Chagoury Odette , Taheri Shahrad , Abou-Samra Abdul-Badi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMobile health (mHealth) is increasingly advocated for diabetes management. It is unclear if mobile applications are effective in improving glycaemic control, clinical outcomes, quality of life and overall patient satisfaction in patients with diabetes. A new mobile application was specifically built for people with diabetes with the help of the local expertise. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the mobile App.MethodsThe planned study is an ongoing open-label randomised controlled trial in which insulin-treated adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) will be randomised 1:1 to the use of this diabetes application versus current standard care. The primary outcome will be the difference in mean HbA1c from baseline at 6 months. Other outcome measures include anthropometric measures, hypoglycaemic events, medication adjustments, number of clinical interactions and missed appointments, and patient perceptions of their disease and diabetes self-management. The study will randomise 180 subjects ( for assessment of the primary outcome. DiscussionWe hypothesise that the diabetes-specific mobile application will improve glycaemic control, increase patient empowerment for self-management of diabetes and improve interaction between patients and healthcare providers. If QDMAT demonstrates this, it will inform clinical services for the future self-management of T2DM.Trial Registration,ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03998267) Registered on 26 June 2019
Degradation of Acid Red B by Manganese doped iron oxychloride and Permonosulfate: Performance and Inhomogeneous Activation Mechanism
Authors: Chen Rong , Zhao Dan , Dong Yanmao , Cai Chengrun , Yuan Yan , Li Zhili 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
manganese doped iron oxychloride (Mn-FeOCl) was synthesized by partial pyrolysis method. The Mn-FeOCl was used as heterogeneous catalyst to activate permonosulfate (PMS) for the degradation of azo dye acid red B(ARB) for the first time. The Mn-FeOCl was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The effects of Mn-FeOCl dosage, PMS concentration, initial pH value, Cl ion concentration and humic acid (HA) dosage on the degradation of ARB by Mn-FeOCl/PMS were investigated. Results showed that the ARB was degraded effectively by Mn-FeOCl/PMS. The mineralization rate of ARB reached 42.5%. As the Mn-FeOCl dosage was 0.1g/L, PMS concentration was 1mmol/L, and ARB concentration was 0.05mmol/L, the degradation rate of ARB reached 99.4% in 30 minutes. With the increase of PMS dosage, Mn-FeOCl dosage, Cl− ion concentration and initial pH value, the decolorization effect of ARB increased. The reaction mechanism was analyzed by free radical quenching experiment and XPS. The main active species were determined as ·OH and SO4·− which generated by PMS activation. The SO4·−−was the main active species.
Comparison of Effects of Guidewire-Assisted and Direct Arterial Puncture Techniques on Success Rate of Radial Artery Cannulation by Inexperienced Trainees
Authors: Apinyachon Worapot , Boonyakad Natthaporn , Sangasilpa Inthuon , Lavanrattanakul Phisut 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The radial artery is superficially palpable and easily accessible, making it the preferred site for arterial cannulation. Various placement techniques are available for radial artery catheter insertion. However, catheter insertion is sometimes difficult and requires multiple attempts, especially by inexperienced trainees, leading to technical failure and insertion-related complications. Guidewire-assisted cannulation is a simple and effective technique, but this maneuver requires practice. The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of a direct arterial puncture and a guidewire-assisted cannulation technique on the success rate of radial artery cannulation by inexperienced trainees.Methods: This study was a prospective, single-center, single-arm clinical trial with a historical control. Sixty patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I to III underwent elective surgery requiring radial artery cannulation. In the guidewire-assisted cannulation group (GW group), thirty radial artery cannulations were performed by inexperienced surgical residents using a guidewire-assisted cannulation technique. In the direct arterial puncture group (DP group), 30 patients underwent radial artery cannulation with a direct arterial puncture technique by inexperienced anesthesiology residents. The primary outcome was the success rate. Results: There were no differences in the baseline blood pressure or comorbidities between the two groups. Overall, the success rate of radial artery cannulation in the GW and DP groups were 90% and 50%, respectively (P = 0.001). The success rate of first-attempt cannulation in the GW and DP group were 66.7% and 26.7%, respectively (P = 0.002). The total procedural performance time was significantly shorter in the GW than DP group.Conclusion: The guidewire-assisted cannulation technique achieved a higher success rate than the direct arterial puncture technique when performed by inexperienced trainees.Trial registrationThe trial was registered on Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20200601004). Date of registration was January 19, 2020. (Retrospectively registered) http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/page_user/#
Dichotic Listening Performance and Interhemispheric Integration After Administration of Hydrocortisone
Authors: Berretz Gesa , Packheiser Julian , Höffken Oliver , Wolf Oliver T. , Ocklenburg Sebastian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Chronic stress has been shown to have long-term effects on functional hemispheric asymmetries in both humans and non-human species. The short-term effects of acute stress exposure on functional hemispheric asymmetries are less well investigated. It has been suggested that acute stress can affect functional hemispheric asymmetries by modulating inhibitory function of the corpus callosum, the white matter pathway that connects the two hemispheres. On the molecular level, this modulation may be caused by a stress-related increase in cortisol, a major stress hormone. Therefore, it was the aim of the present study to investigate the acute effects of cortisol on functional hemispheric asymmetries. Overall, 60 participants were tested after administration of 20mg hydrocortisone or a placebo tablet in a cross-over design. Both times, a verbal and an emotional dichotic listening task to assess language and emotional lateralization, as well as a Banich–Belger task to assess interhemispheric integration were applied. Lateralization quotients were determined for both reaction times and correctly identified syllables in both dichotic listening tasks. In the Banich–Belger task, across-field advantages were determined to quantify interhemispheric integration. While we could replicate previously reported findings for these tasks in the placebo session, we could not detect any differences in asymmetry between hydrocortisone and placebo treatment. This partially corroborates the results of a previous study we performed using social stress to induce cortisol increases. This suggests that an increase in cortisol does not influence dichotic listening performance on a behavioral level. As other studies reported an effect of stress hormones on functional hemispheric asymmetries on a neuro-functional level, future research using neuronal imaging methods would be helpful in the characterization of the relation of hemispheric asymmetries and stress hormones.
Design and Validation of an integrated Objective Structured Clinical Examination (i-OSCE) for non-surgical aesthetics program
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Rahman Eqram 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a popular and practical method for evaluating trainee physicians’ competencies. To help assess non-surgical aesthetics students’ critical thinking and relevant abilities, we developed a novel assessment tool based on the OSCE, the i-OSCE (Integrated objective structured Clinical examination).Methods: Initially, an expert panel consisting of 5 Aesthetic Practitioners with over fifteen years of experience and a senior clinical academic were selected to develop a blueprint for i-OSCE. Through this blueprint, essential qualities and skills were identified for the assessment. To ensure the process standardisation, training workshops for examiners and simulated patients were organised. The final i-OSCE consisted of 12 stations (four clinical, four critical thinking, and four rest stations lasting 180 minutes.Results: The Interclass correlation coefficient between the station checklist items was 0.946 (average measure upper bound 0.916, lower bound 0.968; p < 0.00), considered to be significant. The Inter-Item Correlation Matrix among the clinical station checklist and critical thinking checklist items also showed statistical significance. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) used to ascertain the correlation between checklist rating and global rating, yielding a high correlation (0.80 to 0.934).Conclusion: The i-OSCE has been proven to be a useful and reliable assessment tool to evaluate clinical competence and critical thinking in non-surgical aesthetics education.
Diurnal Variability of Lower and Middle Atmospheric Water Vapour Over The Asian Summer Monsoon Region: First Results From COSMIC-1 and TIMED-SABER Measurements
Authors: Das Siddarth Shankar , Uma K N , Suneeth K V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
First observations on the vertical structure of diurnal variability of tropospheric water vapour in the lower and middle atmosphere using 13 years of COSMIC and 18 years of SABER observations are presented in this paper. The most significant and new observation is that the middle stratospheric water vapour (SWV) enhancement is observed between 9-18 LT, whereas it is between 6-15 LT near tropopause in all the seasons. The diurnal amplitude of water vapour near tropopause is between 0.3-0.4 ppmv. Bimodal peaks are found in the diurnal amplitude of SWV, maximizing between 25-30 km (~0.4 ppmv) and 45-50 km (~0.6 ppmv). The analysis reveals that the diurnal variability in the lower SWV is controlled by the tropical tropopause temperature, whereas the middle and upper SWV is controlled by methane oxidation. The results are presented and discussed in the light of present understanding.
Modeling of Stage-Discharge Using Back Propagation ANN, ANFIS, and WANN-based Computing Technique
Authors: Shukla Ravi , Kumar Pravendra , Vishwakarma Dinesh Kumar , Ali Rawshan , Kumar Rohitashw , Kuriqi Alban 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The development of the stage-discharge relationship is a fundamental issue in hydrological modeling. Due to the complexity of the stage-discharge relationship, discharge prediction plays an essential role in planning and water resource management. The present study was conducted for modeling of discharge at the Gaula barrage site in Uttarakhand state of India. The study evaluated, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Wavelet-Based Artificial Neural System (WANN) based models to estimate the discharge. The daily data of 12 years (2007-2018) were used to train and test the models. The Gamma test was used to identify the best model for discharge prediction. The input data having a stage with one-day lag and discharge with one and two-days lag and current-day discharge as output was used for discharge modeling. In the case of ANN models, the back-propagation algorithm and hyperbolic tangent sigmoid activation function was used. WANN used Haar, a trous based wavelet function. In ANFIS models, triangular, psig, generalized bell, and Gaussian membership functions were used to train and test the models. The models were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively using correlation coefficient, root means square error, Willmott index, and coefficient of efficiency. It was found that ANFIS model performed better than ANN and WANN-based models for discharge prediction at the Gaula barrage.
Manual Acupuncture As Prophylaxis For Migraine Without Aura: Study Protocol For A Multi-Center, Randomized, Single Blinded Trial
Authors: Chen Jiao , Zhou Siyuan , Sun Mingsheng , Wang Yanan , Chen Xiaoqin , Guo Taipin , Liu Lu , Luo Jing , Ni Xixiu , Yang Xuguang , Li Dehua , Gao Shan , He Zhenxi , Cai Dingjun , Zhao Ling 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Migraine is a highly prevalent neurological disorder. It is the third most prevalent disorder and the seventh highest cause of disability worldwide. Acupuncture may be a viable prophylactic treatment option for frequent or uncontrolled migraine. Clinical studies comparing acupuncture and placebo acupuncture have not reached a consistent conclusion in confirming whether acupuncture is effective in migraine prophylaxis. The effect of acupuncture mainly depends on acupoints and needles operation. We found that the design of the placebo acupuncture in previous studies included shallow needling at sham acupoints, non-penetrating needling at sham acupoints, and needling at inactive acupuncture points to achieve the inert effect of control group, but the non-penetrating needling at true acupoints was ignored. This randomized controlled trial aims to use true acupoints for non-penetrating acupuncture as control to evaluate the efficacy of manual acupuncture for the prophylaxis of migraine without aura (MWoA).Methods/design: This is a single-blinded, randomized, controlled, prospective, multi-center trial with two parallel treatment groups. A total of 198 eligible patients with MWoA will be randomly divided into two groups (1:1 allocation ratio). The intervention group will receive manual acupuncture and the control group will receive placebo acupuncture (non-penetrating). Patients will receive three acupuncture treatment sessions per week for 4 consecutive weeks. All patients will then receive a 12-week follow-up.Discussion: In this study, we are evaluating the efficacy and safety of manual acupuncture in the prophylaxis of MWoA. The placebo control is using non-penetrating needling verum acupoints. It is essential to determine an appropriate control method to ensure the methodological quality of a randomized controlled trial.Trial registration: The trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Approval No. ChiCTR2000032308) in April 2020.
Characterization of the Genetic Basis and Biological Significance of Heteroblasty in Soybean
Authors: Chen Qiang , Chen Shanyu , Ai Lijuan , Yan Long , Zhao Hongtao , Liu Bingqiang , Yang Yongqing , Wei Yu , Feng Yan , Shi Xiaolei , Yang Chunyan , Zhang MengChen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Leaf morphology, as a critical measure of plant architecture, has been associated with soybean yield and quality. As yet, conclusive investigations into the genetic basis and biological significance of heteroblasty in soybean remain sparse. To identify and biologically characterize the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing heteroblasty in soybean, 11 traits associated with leaf morphology, seed quality, and grain yield were observed for two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations grown in two environments. Values of broad-sense heritability (H2) for leaf traits in two RIL populations varied from 0.62 to 0.99. These high heritabilities, taken together with the Kurtosis and Skewness values indicate that the phenotypic variation in leaf morphology observed for both RIL populations are mainly controlled by quantitative traits. The three observed leaf morphology traits exhibited significant correlations (P < 0.05) with more than half of the grain yield and seed quality traits, with correlation coefficients varying from − 0.40 to 0.43, which suggests that leaf morphology can significantly influence soybean yield and quality. A total of 11 QTLs were detected for leaf morphology, with logarithm of odds (LOD) values ranging from 3.40 to 89.6, which accounted for 1.38 ~ 74.53% of genetic variation. Eight of these loci for leaf morphology co-located with those for seed quality and grain yield, which coincided large and extensive leaf morphologies that contributed to seed quality and grain yield formation. Overall, these results provide important information for breeding high yielding crop varieties with improved quality traits produced through optimization of leaf morphology.