bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of immediate versus delayed frozen embryo transfer in high responder patients undergoing freeze-all cycles
Authors: Zuo Na , Gao Yingzhuo , Zhang Ningning , Li Da , Wang Xiuxia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Frozen embryo transfer (FET) can greatly improve the pregnancy outcomes for high responder patients. However, it is not known whether the timing of FET is a risk factor on pregnancy outcomes in high responder patients undergoing freeze-all cycles.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study to compare the pregnancy outcomes of the immediate and delayed FET groups in high responder patients undergoing freeze-all cycles. The two groups were defined as that FET took place either within the first menstrual cycle following oocyte retrieval or afterwards. Propensity score matching was used to make the potential risk factors of the two groups comparable. Multivariable regression analysis was used to study the effect of the timing of FET on pregnancy outcomes in the entire cohort and propensity score-matched cohort, even in different controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocol cohorts as subgroup analysis.

Results
We obtained 1130 patients in immediate FET group and 998 patients in delayed FET group, and the average age of the two groups were 30.30 and 30.63. We showed that the immediate FET group were equivalent to delayed FET group in the entire cohort [clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), 61.0% versus 63.4%, adjusted odd ratio (OR), 0.939, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.781–1.129; spontaneous abortion rate (SAR), 10.1% versus 12.6%, adjusted OR, 0.831, 95% Cl (0.628–1.098); live birth rate (LBR), 49.9% versus 49.2%, adjusted OR, 1.056, 95% Cl (0.883–1.263)]. The same results were obtained by χ2 test in the propensity score-matched cohort (CPR, 60.5% versus 63.5%; SAR, 11.6% versus 12.3%; LBR, 48% versus 49.3%) (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated that pregnancy outcomes of immediate FET were no difference to delayed FET in gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) protocol (P > 0.05). The SAR of the immediate FET group were lower than that of the delayed FET group in GnRH antagonist protocol (adjusted OR, 0.645, 95% CI, 0.430–0.966) (P < 0.05), no differences were observed in CPR and LBR (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The pregnancy outcomes of immediate FET were no difference to delayed FET in high responder population undergoing freeze-all cycles.
Iodine monitoring models contribute to avoid adverse birth outcomes related more than adequate iodine intake
Authors: Dong Jinju , Liu Shouyan , Wang Lingyun , Zhou Xingjian , Zhou Qinghong , Liu Congli , Zhu Jingrui , Yuan Weilan , Xu Wang-yang , Deng Jie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Iodine plays an important role in pregnancy. How to maintain adequate iodine intake amongst pregnant women in each trimester of pregnancy to prevent adverse birth outcomes in central China is a challenge for clinical practice.

Methods
870 pregnant women and their infants were enrolled in the study. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Maternal and newborn information were obtained during follow-up. Multinomial logistic regression models were established.

Results
Median UIC of pregnant women was 172 ± 135 μg/L which is currently considered to be sufficient. Multivitamin supplements containing iodine, iodized salt intake and frequent milk intake were significantly associated with higher UIC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that multivitamin supplements containing iodine and milk consumption were risk factors for more than adequate iodine (UIC ≥ 250 μg/L). Iodine-rich diet was significantly related to heavier birthweight, larger head circumference and longer femur length of the newborns while more than adequate iodine intake (UIC ≥ 250 μg/L) was a risk factor for macrosomia. Logistic regression models based on potential risk factors involving iodine containing supplements and iodine-rich diet were established to predict and screen pregnant women with high risk of more than adequate iodine intake among local pregnant women in different trimesters and guide them to supplement iodine reasonably to prevent the risk.

Conclusions
Multivitamin supplements containing iodine and milk consumption were risk factors for maternal UIC ≥ 250 μg/L which was a risk factor for macrosomia. Iodine monitoring models were established to provide guidance for pregnant women to reduce the risk of more than adequate iodine intake, thereby contributing to reduce the risk of having a macrosomia.
Long non-coding RNA BRE-AS1 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells in triple-negative breast cancer and predicts patients’ survival by downregulating miR-21
Authors: Gao Jianchao , Wang Sisi , Zhang Zhisheng , Li Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
BRE-AS1 is a recently identified tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer. It role in other human diseases remains elusive.

Methods
Differential expression of BRE-AS1 in with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (n = 74, patient group) and healthy volunteers (n = 58, control group) was studied with RT-qPCR. The direct interaction between BRE-AS1 and premature microRNA-21 (miR-21) was assessed by RNA pull-down assay. The interactions among BRE-AS1, miR-21 and PTEN were evaluated by overexpression assays. CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay were used to evaluate cell behaviors.

Results
BRE-AS1 was downregulated in TNBC, while miR-21 was highly expressed in TNBC. Low expression levels of lncRNA BRE-AS1 and high expression levels of miR-21 were significantly correlated with unfavorable survival outcomes. BRE-AS1 and miRNA-21 were inversely correlated across TNBC samples, not control samples. BRE-AS1 decreased miR-21 expression and increased PTEN expression while miR-21showed no role in BRE-AS1 expression. RNA pull-down assay illustrated that BRE-AS1 may sponge premature miR-21 to suppress it maturation. Overexpression of BRE-AS1 decreased cell behaviors, while overexpression of miR-21 promoted cell behaviors. MiR-21 suppressed the role of BRE-AS1 in cancer cell behaviors.

Conclusion
Therefore, BRE-AS1 may inhibit TNBC by downregulating miR-21.
“Inequalities in access to medicines for diabetes and hypertension across the capitals in different regions of Brazil: a population-based study”
Authors: Miranda Vanessa Iribarrem Avena , Schäfer Antônio Augusto , Tomasi Cristiane Damiani , Soratto Jacks , de Oliveira Meller Fernanda , Silveira Marysabel Pinto Telis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
To guarantee prevention and adequate treatment, as required for the population to have access to health services and technologies, including medicines. The purpose of this study is to analyse the economic and regional inequalities in access to medicines for diabetes and hypertension among the adult population in Brazil.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study with adults aged 18 and over from the VIGITEL study conducted in 2019 in all Brazilian regions. Non-access to antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs was assessed according to formal education and housing macro-region. The slope index of inequality (SII) was used to analyse absolute inequalities.

Results
The total number of individuals interviewed was 52,443. Approximately 10.0% of the people with diabetes and/or hypertension reported not having access to drug treatment. The major means for having access to antihypertensive drugs, in all regions, was private pharmacies; for antidiabetics, in the North region, people had greater access through private pharmacies, while in the Northeast, Southeast and South, they had greater access through the public sector. Inequalities were found in the lack of access to medicines according to the region of residence, especially in the North region.

Conclusion
The lack of access to medicines showed regional disparities, particularly in the most economically vulnerable regions.
SARS-Co-V2 infection in never, former, and current tobacco/nicotine users: a cohort study of 4040 Egyptian healthcare workers
Authors: Mostafa Aya , El-Sayed Manal H. , El-Meteini Mahmoud , Saleh Ayman , Omar Ashraf , Mansour Ossama , Girgis Samia , Hafez Hala , Kandil Sahar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Smoking negatively impacts COVID-19 severity and adverse outcomes. Evidence on whether smoking is associated with SARS-Co-V2 infection and having a positive test is scarce, particularly from low-and middle-income countries, where most of the world’s billion smokers live. The inconsistency in relevant findings calls for study designs and analyses to account for possible confounders including background characteristics and pre-existing co-morbidities, to disentangle the specific effect of smoking. In healthcare workers (HCWs) the frequency of exposure to COVID-19 cases adds another layer of risk that was not factored in previous studies. We examined the association of HCWs’ tobacco/nicotine use (never, former, and current use) with having a positive SARS-Co-V2 test result and symptoms suggestive of infection, accounting for demographics, exposures, and co-morbidities.

Methods
A prospective cohort study of 4040 healthcare workers with baseline and follow-up screening took place during April–June 2020 in 12 healthcare facilities in Cairo, Egypt. Data on demographics, tobacco/nicotine use (manufactured or roll-your-own cigarettes, waterpipe tobacco, and electronic devices), co-morbidities, symptoms, exposures, and SARS-Co-V2 investigations were analyzed. Multinomial and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results
Overall, 270/4040 (6.7, 95%CI: 5.9–7.5) had positive SARS-CoV-2 tests, 479 (11.9%) were current and 79 (2.0%) were former tobacco/nicotine users. The proportion of positive tests was 7.0% (243/3482, 95%CI: 6.1–7.8) among never, 5.1% (4/79, 95%CI: 0.1–10.0) among former, and 4.8% (23/479, 95%CI: 2.9–6.7) among current users. HCWs’ SARS-CoV-2 test results did not vary significantly by single/multiple or daily/non-daily tobacco/nicotine use. Compared to never users, former users were more likely to self-report a pre-existing medical condition (ORadjusted1.87, 95%CI: 1.05–3.33, p = 0.033), and to experience symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (ORadjusted1.76, 95%CI: 1.07–2.90, p = 0.027). After adjustment, former (ORadjusted0.45, 95%CI: 0.11–1.89, p = 0.273) and current (ORadjusted0.65, 95%CI: 0.38–1.09, p = 0.101) tobacco/nicotine use was not associated with HCWs’ SARS-CoV-2 positive test results.

Conclusions
This is the first report on this association from low- and middle-income countries with high tobacco/nicotine use prevalence. In this HCW cohort, having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test was not associated with tobacco/nicotine use after accounting for demographics, exposures, and co-morbidities. Additional population-based studies could use such preliminary evidence to investigate this controversial association.
Beijing Friendship Hospital Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Elderly Male (BFH-OSTM) vs Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) for identifying painful new osteoporotic vertebral fractures in older Chinese men: a cross-sectional study
Authors: An Ning , Lin Ji Sheng , Fei Qi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
To compare the validation of four tools for identifying painful new osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (PNOVCFs) in older Chinese men: bone mineral density (BMD), Asian osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OSTA), World Health Organization fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) (without BMD) and Beijing Friendship Hospital Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool (BFH-OSTM).

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted from 2013 to 2019. A total of 846 men aged ≥50 were included and were divided into two groups: Fracture Group (patients with PNOVCFs underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty surgery) and Non-Fracture Group (community dwelled subjects for healthy examination). All subjects accepted a dual-energy X-ray BMD test and a structured questionnaire. The results of BMD, OSTA, FRAX and BFH-OSTM scores were assessed and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to compare the validity of four tools for identifying PNOVCFs. Optimal cutoff points, sensitivity, specificity, and areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were determined.

Results
There were significant differences including BMD T score (femoral neck, total hip and L1-L4), OSTA, FRAX and BFH-OSTM scores between Fracture group and Non-fracture group. Compared to BMD and OSTA, BFH-OSTM and FRAX had better predictive value, the sensitivity, specificity and AUC value are 0.841, 81.29%, 70.67% and 0.796, 74.85%, 78.52%, respectively. Compared with FRAX, the BFH-OSTM has a better AUC value.

Conclusions
Both BFH-OSTM and FRAX can be used to identify POVCFs, However, BFH-OSTM model may be a more simple and effective tool to identify the risk of POVCFs in Chinese elderly men.
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) medical students – an examination of their journey and experiences as medical students in limbo
Authors: Gillezeau Christina , Lieberman-Cribbin Wil , Bevilacqua Kristin , Ramos Julio , Alpert Naomi , Flores Raja , Schwartz Rebecca M. , Taioli Emanuela 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Although the value of DACA medical students has been hypothesized, no data are available on their contribution to US healthcare. While the exact number of DACA recipients in medical school is unknown, DACA medical students are projected to represent an increasing proportion of physicians in the future. The current literature on DACA students has not analyzed the experiences of these students.

Methods
A mixed-methods study on the career intentions and experiences of DACA medical students was performed utilizing survey data and in-depth interviews. The academic performance of a convenience sample of DACA medical students was compared to that of matriculated medical students from corresponding medical schools, national averages, and first-year residents according to specialty.

Results
Thirty-three DACA medical students completed the survey and five participated in a qualitative interview. The average undergraduate GPA (SD) of the DACA medical student sample was 3.7 (0.3), the same as the national GPA of 2017–2018 matriculated medical students. The most common intended residency programs were Internal Medicine (27.2%), Emergency Medicine (15.2%), and Family Medicine (9.1%). In interviews, DACA students discussed their motivation for pursuing medicine, barriers and facilitators that they faced in attending medical school, their experiences as medical students, and their future plans.

Conclusions
The intent of this sample to pursue medical specialties in which there is a growing need further exemplifies the unique value of these students. It is vital to protect the status of DACA recipients and realize the contributions that DACA physicians provide to US healthcare.
Discharge transition experienced by older Korean women after hip fracture surgery: a qualitative study
Authors: Ko Young Ji , Lee Ju Hee , Baek Seung-Hoon 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to explore older Korean women’s discharge transition experiences after hip fracture surgery.

Methods
This was a descriptive qualitative study. Face-to-face interviews following hip fracture surgery were conducted on 12 women aged 65–87 years. Data were collected 1 to 2 days before discharge and again 4 weeks after discharge following hip fracture surgery, and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
Four main themes were identified: (1) challenge of discharge transition: unprepared discharge, transfer into other care settings, and eagerness for recovery; (2) physical and psychological distress against recovery: frail physical state and psychological difficulties; (3) dependent compliance: absolute trust in healthcare providers, indispensable support from the family, and passive participation in care; and (4) walking for things they took for granted: hope of walking and poor walking ability.

Conclusions
After their hip fracture surgeries, older women hoped to be able to walk and perform simple daily chores they previously took for granted. Considering the physical and psychological frailty of older women undergoing hip surgery, systematic nursing interventions including collaboration and coordination with other healthcare professionals and settings are necessary to ensure the quality of continuous care during their post-surgery discharge transition. Encouraging partial weight bearing and initiating intervention to reduce fear of falling at the earliest possible time are essential to attain a stable discharge transition. Additionally, older women should be invited to participate in their care, and family involvement should be encouraged during the discharge transition period in South Korea.
The health service use of aged rural-to-urban migrant workers in different types of cities in China
Authors: Xie Yating , Guo Qiuju , Meng Yang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The association between different types of cities and the use of health services by aged migrant workers in China has not been widely reported in previous studies. This article aims to focus on rural-to-urban migrant workers in China aged 50 years and older to examine the relationship between the region of these migrant workers’ destination city (eastern, central or western) and migration city type (first-tier, second-tier, third-tier and smaller cities) and their use of health services (e.g., establishing health records, participating in health education, and seeking medical treatment when ill).

Methods
This study’s data were obtained from China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2017. A total of 14,732 rural-to-urban migrant workers aged 50 years and older were included in the analysis; 6,938 of the migrant workers were either ill or had recently experienced physical discomfort. A chi-square test and binary logistic regression were performed to explore the associations between these rural–urban migrants’ destination cities and their use of health services.

Results
This study found that aged rural migrant workers who moved to the east or to first- or second-tier cities were less likely to establish health records, participate in health education programme, and seek medical care.

Conclusions
Migrant destination cities are linked to the use of local health services by migrant workers aged 50 years and older in China. We found that aged migrant workers who migrated to relatively developed regions and cities accessed fewer health services. Such results signify that more attention should be paid to aged migrant workers’ use of health services in economically developed regions and cities, to eliminate regional differences in healthcare inequality.
Effect of probiotic fermented dairy products on incidence of respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Rashidi Kamil , Razi Bahman , Darand Mina , Dehghani Azadeh , Janmohammadi Parisa , Alizadeh Shahab 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have suggested that the consumption of probiotic fermented dairy products (PFDP) may have a protective effect on respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, the results of studies are inconclusive. We aimed to systematically investigate the effect of PFDP on RTIs by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods
PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched up to October 2020 to identify eligible RCTs. Meta-analysis outcomes were risk of incidence of upper (URTIs ) and lower (LRTIs ) respiratory tract infections. A random-effects model was used to pool the relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for outcomes following conception of PFDP.

Results
A total of 22 RCTs, with a total sample size of 10,190 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, consumption of PFDP had a significant protective effect against RTIs in the overall analysis (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.74 to 0.89) and in children (RR = 0.82, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), adults (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.66 to 1.00), and elderly population (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.98). The significant decreased risk of RTIs was also observed for URTIs (RR = 0.83, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), while, this effect was marginal for LRTIs (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.60 to 1.01, P = 0.06). The disease-specific analysis showed that PFDP have a protective effect on pneumonia (RR = 0.76, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.95) and common cold (RR = 0.68, 95 %CI: 0.49 to 0.96).

Conclusions
Consumption of PFDP is a potential dietary approach for the prevention of RTIs.
“Association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risk of irritable bowel syndrome: a case-control study”
Authors: Eslampour Elham , Ghanadi Koroush , Aghamohammadi Vahideh , Kazemi Alireza Moayed , Mohammadi Rasool , Vahid Farhad , Abbasnezhad Amir 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPathophysiology of IBS is not well recognized; however, several studies have shown the possible relationship between diet and risk of IBS. We assessed the ability of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict the risk of IBS.MethodsThe subjects were 155 IBS cases and 310 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (aged ≥18 years). The participants were recruited from June, 2019 to March, 2020. IBS was recognized using the Rome IV criteria. DII score was computed based on dietary intake using a 168-item FFQ. The DII score was calculated based on energy-adjusted amounts of nutrients using residual method. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable odds ratios (ORs).ResultsThe mean DII score was significantly higher among IBS patients in comparison to healthy controls (0.78 ± 2.22 vs. − 0.39 ± 2.27). In crude model, increase in DII as continuous variable was associated with a significant increase in the risk of IBS (OR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.1–15.38)). Furthermore, the association remained significant even after adjusting for age and sex (OR (95% CI): 1.28 (1.1–17.41)) and after multivariate adjustment (OR (95% CI): 1.38 (1.2–1.56)). In crude, age and sex adjusted and multivariate-adjusted models subjects in fourth quartile of DII had higher OR in comparison to subjects in first quartile.ConclusionsThis study showed a possible positive association between a pro-inflammatory diet and the risk of IBS. Thus, encouraging intake of more anti-inflammatory dietary factors and reducing intake of pro-inflammatory factors may be a strategy for reducing risk of IBS.