bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and mechanical characteristics of fine‐woven cloth and punctured felt preform Cf/C‐SiC‐ZrC composite
Authors: Zhu Yang , Meng Xiangli , Zhang Qiang , Yan Liansheng , Cui Hong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA 3D architecture carbon fiber preform, specifically fine‐woven cloth and punctured felt preform, is used to manufacture a novel advanced Cf/C‐SiC‐ZrC composite. The composite matrix is produced by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) plus precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process and finalized by using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of SiC coating to make the final density of the material reach 1.95 g/cm3. The organic precursors of SiC and ZrC have a weight ratio of 4:1 in a xylene solute. The composite mechanical properties, such as tensile, compression, bending, shear, and Z‐direction load bearing, are introduced under analysis to find possible applications for the composite. What is more, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images are employed to illustrate the failure behavior of the ceramic composite. The results showed that the punctured filament tows will be beneficial, not only for the composite to withstand compression force up to 308.6 MPa and shear strength to 18.14 MPa but also for the alternatively stacked weave piles and short fiber layers to support the punctured bundles, as well as to hold the composite structure under mechanical forces from different orientations, which is believed to reinforce the ceramic matrix for some high pressure and severe ablation applications.
In situ observation of environmental barrier coating against calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate attack at elevated temperature
Authors: Yang Haitang , Zhang Yanwei , Li Yang , Huang Xiaozhong , Liu Yu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEnvironmental barrier coating (EBC) plays a crucial role in improving the property of ceramic matrix composites at harsh environment. In this work, an in situ observation method was employed to systematically study the resistance of EBC to calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate (CMAS) phase at elevated temperatures, which were 1200℃, 1300℃, and 1500℃, respectively. The melting and spreading process of the CMAS phase on the surface of the EBC was obtained via this method. In addition, the erosion effect of CMAS phase on EBC at different temperatures was analyzed by combining the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), which provided a guidance for the modification of EBC.
Electronic polarizability in silicate glasses by comparison of experimental and theoretical optical basicities
Authors: Komatsu Takayuki , Dimitrov Vesselin , Tasheva Tina , Honma Tsuyoshi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe concept of optical basicity proposed by Duffy has been recognized as an extremely important issue in science and technology of glasses. In this article, the refractive index (no)‐based optical basicity Λ(no) of some binary and ternary silicate glasses was evaluated using the Lorentz–Lorenz formula, and the discrepancy between the values of Λ(no) and the theoretically calculated optical basicity Λth was analyzed to understand more deeply the electronic polarizability in binary and ternary silicate glasses. A suitable value of the optical basicity for each oxide predicting a good quantitative composition dependence of optical basicity in a given glass system was proposed. The suitable value of SiO2 for the prediction of the optical basicity of silicate glasses is Λ(SiO2 glass) = 0.53, which is larger than the value of Λ(SiO2 oxide) = 0.48 being used in the calculation of Λth so far. Other suitable values such as Λ(Al2O3 glass) = 0.62 and Λ(TiO2 glass) = 1.04 were proposed. The relationship between the optical basicity and coordination structure in some oxides in silicate glasses was discussed.
Service user experiences of a novel in‐reach rehabilitation and recovery service for people with profound and enduring mental health needs
Authors: Smith Penn , Simpson Lisa , Madill Anna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article provides an organizational case study using exploratory qualitative and visual research methods. We address the research question: What are the experiences of service users who use a novel in‐reach rehabilitation and recovery service for people with severe and enduring mental health needs? Fifteen purposefully sampled service users were recruited from across a Service that is novel in embedding community sectors within inpatient provision. The sample reflects approximately the demographic of the Service and comprises: 10 men, 5 women; 12 white British, 3 ethnic minority; aged 18–60 years; and across inpatient care and supported community living. Photo‐elicitation was used to enrich data collection through lightly structured interviews focused on the images brought by participants. Interview transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Analysis indicates that participants oriented towards four ‘meta‐questions’: What does mental well‐being mean to you? What difficulties have you encountered? What do you appreciate about the Service? What do you need for change to occur? We also identified six themes which told the story of a journey. The journey begins with challenge and moves towards making connections with others. Here, power dynamics are often experienced and addressed in the development of a greater sense of independence. This then provides opportunities for raised awareness around possibilities of recovery and a new‐found hope. Our three main conclusions are all relevant to clinical practice: service users (a) place great importance on building relationships; (b) aspire to make informed choices throughout their recovery journey; and (c) desire greater transparency regarding treatment options.
Zirconia crowns for children: A systematic review
Authors: Alrashdi Murad , Ardoin Jordan , Liu Jungyi Alexis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPreformed metal crowns (PMCs) have been the restoration of choice for paediatric dentistry; however, PMCs have a non‐aesthetic appearance, which has become a point of concern. Recently, prefabricated zirconia crowns (PZCs) have been increasingly used as an aesthetic restorative material for primary teeth, as they have pleasing properties.AimThis systematic review summarises the clinical results for PZCs in the primary dentition, including wear on the opposing dentition, retention, fracture resistance, parental satisfaction, gingival health, and cementation materials.Materials and MethodsElectronic database searches were conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Clinical trials, observational studies, and case reports/series were included. The quality of the studies was analysed using the Cochrane tool and the domain‐based evaluation for non‐randomised studies of interventions.ResultsThe search retrieved 166 references, of which 14 studies were included for qualitative analyses. The risk of bias varied from low to unclear. The included studies indicated that prefabricated zirconia crowns are retentive and are not associated with accelerated wear on the opposing dentition. They also exhibit a high fracture resistance, satisfy the parents and are compatible with gingival health. There is, however, inconclusive evidence with regard to cementation materials.ConclusionPrefabricated Zirconia Crowns appear to be a good alternative to preformed metal crowns in term of esthetics, retention, resistance to fracture, parent satisfaction, and gingival health.
Low thermal conductivity of SrTiO3−LaTiO3 and SrTiO3−SrNbO3 thermoelectric oxide solid solutions
Authors: Zhang Yuqiao , Cho Hai Jun , Sugo Kenyu , Mikami Masashi , Woo Sungmin , Jung Myung‐Chul , Zhuang Yao‐Hua , Feng Bin , Sheu Yu‐Miin , Shin Woosuck , Choi Woo Seok , Han Myung Joon , Ikuhara Yuichi , Ohta Hiromichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElectron‐doped SrTiO3 has been attracting attention as oxide thermoelectric materials, which can convert wasted heat into electricity. The power factor of the electron‐doped SrTiO3, including SrTiO3‐LaTiO3 and SrTiO3‐SrNbO3 solid solutions, has been clarified. However, their thermal conductivity (κ) has not been clearly identified thus far. Only a high κ (>12 W m−1 K−1) has been assumed from the electron contribution based on Wiedemann–Franz law. Here, we show that the κ of the electron‐doped SrTiO3 is lower than the assumed κ, and its highest ZT exceeded 0.1 at room temperature. The κ slightly decreased with the carrier concentration (n) when n is below 4 × 1021 cm−3. In the case of SrTiO3‐SrNbO3 solid solutions, an upturn in κ was observed when n exceeds 4 × 1021 cm−3 due to the contribution of conduction electron to the κ. On the other hand, κ decreased in the case of SrTiO3‐LaTiO3 solid solutions probably due to the lattice distortion, which scatters both electrons and phonons. The highest ZT was 0.11 around n = 1 × 1021 cm−3. These findings would be useful for the future design of electron‐doped SrTiO3‐based thermoelectric materials.
Phase evolution and <110>‐orientation mechanism in RTGG‐processed BaTiO3 ceramics with electrical properties
Authors: Khanal Gopal P. , Fujii Ichiro , Ueno Shintaro , Wada Satoshi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe <110>‐oriented BaTiO3 ceramics were fabricated using BaCO3 matrix and H1.08Ti1.73O4.nH2O (HTO) template particles, and the mechanism of BaTiO3 phase formation was investigated. The dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties were also investigated. The transformation of the HTO phase into the TiO2 bronze or TiO2 (B) phase was observed at 600°C, where the BaTiO3 nucleation was accompanied by the formation of a Ba2TiO4 phase. The TiO2 phase reacted with the Ba2TiO4 phase at 800°C to give a BaTiO3 phase, whereas its reaction with the BaTiO3 resulted in the formation of BaTi2O5 phase that got decomposed into BaTiO3 and Ba6Ti17O40 phase at sintering temperature ≥1300°C. Sintering with samples’ embedding in BaTiO3 powders prevented the formation of the Ba6Ti17O40 secondary phase. The crystallographic orientation along the <110> direction (F110) was developed by the epitaxial grain growth mechanism. In addition to the contribution of the grain‐size increment for enhancing the F110, the preservation of the platelike structure was also found to have a significant impact. The ceramics prepared by the embedded sintering (grain size ≈12.4 µm and F110 = 83%) exhibited the room‐temperature dielectric constant of 1708 and piezoelectric strain constant of 445 pm/V, which are higher than those of the BaTiO3 ceramics with randomly oriented grains.
Easily available ECG and echocardiographic parameters for prediction of left atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation: A multicenter study
Authors: Moreno‐Weidmann Zoraida , Müller‐Edenborn Björn , Jadidi Amir S. , Bazan‐Gelizo Victor , Chen Juan , Park Chan‐il , Vivekanantham Hari , Rodriguez‐Font Enrique , Alonso‐Martín Concepción , Guerra José M. , Campos‐García Bieito , Espinosa‐Viamonte Hildemari , Combes Stéphane , Albenque Jean‐Paul , Eichenlaub Martin , Guy‐Moyat Benoit , de Roy Luc , Defaye Pascal , Boveda Serge , Arentz Thomas , Viñolas Xavier 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe assessment of noninvasive markers of left atrial (LA) low‐voltage substrate (LVS) enables the identification of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients at risk for arrhythmia recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).MethodsIn this prospective multicenter study, 292 consecutive AF patients (72% male, 62 ± 11 years, 65% persistent AF) underwent high‐density LA voltage mapping in sinus rhythm. LA‐LVS (<0.5 mV) was considered as significant at 2 cm2 or above. Preprocedural clinical electrocardiogram and echocardiographic data were assessed to identify predictors of LA‐LVS. The role of the identified LA‐LVS markers in predicting 1‐year arrhythmia freedom after PVI was assessed in 245 patients.ResultsSignificant LA‐LVS was identified in 123 (42%) patients. The amplified sinus P‐wave duration (APWD) best predicted LA‐LVS, with a 148‐ms value providing the best‐balanced sensitivity (0.81) and specificity (0.88). An APWD over 160 ms was associated with LA‐LVS in 96% of patients, whereas an APWD under 145 ms in 15%. Remaining gray zones improved their accuracy by introduction of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) of 35 mmHg or above, age, and sex. According to COX regression, the risk of arrhythmia recurrence 12 months following PVI was twofold and threefold higher in patients with APWD 145–160 and over 160 ms, compared to APWD under 145 ms. Integration of pulmonary hypertension further improved the outcome prediction in the intermediate APWD group: Patients with APWD 145–160 ms and normal sPAP had similar outcome than patients with APWD under 145 ms (hazard ratio [HR] 1.62, p = .14), whereas high sPAP implied worse outcome (HR 2.56, p < .001).ConclusionsThe APWD identifies LA‐LVS and risk for arrhythmia recurrence after PVI. Our prediction model becomes optimized by means of integration of the pulmonary artery pressure.
Chronic rate dependent exit block after pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Makker Parth , Dulmovits Eric , Beldner Stuart 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRate dependent exit block across the pulmonary veins has been previously described immediately following catheter ablation. We report a case of rate dependent pulmonary vein exit block seen at repeat ablation 7 years after the index procedure. To our knowledge, this is the first report of chronic rate dependent exit block discovered years after circumferential pulmonary vein antral isolation.
Optimization microwave‐assisted extraction of anthocyanins from cranberry using response surface methodology coupled with genetic algorithm and kinetics model analysis
Authors: Xue Hongkun , Tan Jiaqi , Fan Linlin , Li Qian , Cai Xu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCranberry contains abundant anthocyanins. In this study, the extraction process for the microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) of anthocyanins from cranberry was optimized using response surface methodology coupled with genetic algorithm. The optimum extraction parameters to achieve the highest yield of anthocyanins (3.06 ± 0.05) mg/g from cranberry via MAE was obtained at extraction temperature of 50°C, extraction time of 8 s, ethanol concentration of 52% and solid‐to‐liquid ratio of 1:28 g/ml. The kinetic model of anthocyanins extraction from cranberry was established by plate model based on Fick's first Law, and the key model parameters (extraction rate constant and activation energy) were solved through the experimental results fitting. Results showed that the extraction rate constant increased significantly with the increase of extraction temperature. The activation energy of MAE anthocyanins from cranberry was 27.63 kJ/mol. The results indicated that the MAE process of anthocyanins was endothermic and controlled by mixing reaction and diffusion mechanism. The results provide a basis for industrial scale‐up and in‐depth study of anthocyanins in cranberry.Practical ApplicationsAnthocyanins are widely used as food colorants, antioxidants, and anticancer agents. Cranberry is rich in anthocyanins and can be used as a vital source of anthocyanins extraction. In this study, the extraction process for the microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) of anthocyanins from cranberry was optimized using response surface methodology coupled with genetic algorithm to achieve of maximum anthocyanin yield, and the kinetic model of anthocyanins extraction from cranberry was established by plate model based on Fick's first Law, and the key model parameters (extraction rate constant and activation energy) were solved through the experimental results fitting.
Multicomponent behavioral intervention to reduce exposure to anticholinergics in primary care older adults
Authors: Campbell Noll L. , Holden Richard J. , Tang Qing , Boustani Malaz A. , Teal Evgenia , Hillstrom Jennifer , Tu Wanzhu , Clark Daniel O. , Callahan Christopher M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo test the impact of a multicomponent behavioral intervention to reduce the use of high‐risk anticholinergic medications in primary care older adults.DesignCluster‐randomized controlled trial.Setting and ParticipantsTen primary care clinics within Eskenazi Health in Indianapolis.InterventionThe multicomponent intervention included provider‐ and patient‐focused components. The provider‐focused component was computerized decision support alerting of the presence of a high‐risk anticholinergic and offering dose‐ and indication‐specific alternatives. The patient‐focused component was a story‐based video providing education and modeling an interaction with a healthcare provider resulting in a medication change. Alerts within the medical record triggered staff to play the video for a patient. Our design intended for parallel, independent priming of both providers and patients immediately before an outpatient face‐to‐face interaction.MeasurementMedication orders were extracted from the electronic medical record system to evaluate the prescribing behavior and population prevalence of anticholinergic users. The intervention was introduced April 1, 2019, through March 31, 2020, and a preintervention observational period of April 1, 2018, through March 31, 2019, facilitated difference in difference comparisons.ResultsA total of 552 older adults had visits at primary care sites during the study period, with mean age of 72.1 (SD 6.4) years and 45.3% African American. Of the 259 provider‐focused alerts, only three (1.2%) led to a medication change. Of the 276 staff alerts, 4.7% were confirmed to activate the patient‐focused intervention. The intervention resulted in no significant differences in either the number of discontinue orders for anticholinergics (intervention: two additional orders; control: five fewer orders, p = 0.7334) or proportion of the population using anticholinergics following the intervention (preintervention: 6.2% and postintervention: 5.1%, p = 0.6326).ConclusionThis multicomponent intervention did not reduce the use of high‐risk anticholinergics in older adults receiving primary care. Improving nudges or a policy‐focused component may be necessary to reduce use of high‐risk medications.
Retrospective analysis of a pilot pharmacist‐led hospice deprescribing program initiative
Authors: Le Vy , Patel Neerali , Nguyen Quyen , Woldu Henock , Nguyen Lily , Lee Ava , Deguzman Lynn , Krishnaswami Ashok 
Published: March 2021

AbstractContextMedication deprescribing in palliative care settings has been insufficiently studied.ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of a deprescribing program in hospice patients with limited life expectancy.DesignPharmacist‐led, single arm, single‐centered, retrospective analysis of a pilot deprescribing program in an integrated healthcare delivery organization between 9/1/2018 to 1/31/2019.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of patients who achieved ≥50% reduction of the recommended medications to deprescribe.ResultsA total of 97 patients were included in the analysis. The average age was 77.5 ± 23.7 years, with 53.6% being women and 54.6% white. The most common primary diagnosis was cancer (58.8%), with cardiovascular disease the next most common (15.5%). The mean number of baseline comorbidities was 2.0 ± 1.6. Of 698 prescriptions at the start of hospice enrollment, 79.4% of patients achieved a ≥50% reduction in medications recommended for deprescribing. This success was seen mostly in cardiovascular and other nonspecific medications. We found that every 1‐unit increase in the number of patient encounters with hospice pharmacists was associated with a 3.2‐fold higher odds of achieving a ≥50% reduction in medications that were recommended for deprescribing.ConclusionThe findings from this pilot study revealed that a collaborative, pharmacist‐led, collaborative medication deprescribing program initiative was associated with a 79% success in ≥50% medication reduction. More frequent patient encounters had higher odds of success. Future studies, utilizing a control group, should focus on determining the effectiveness of the program and the impact on quality of life.
Infidelity treatment from an integrative behavioral couple therapy perspective: Explanatory model and intervention strategies
Authors: Barraca Jorge , Polanski Thomas X. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInfidelity has a devastating effect on relationships and is a common reason for seeking couple therapy. However, few empirical studies have demonstrated effective models or strategies for treating this issue. An exception is integrative behavioral couple therapy (IBCT). Nevertheless, IBCT's specific contributions to this therapeutic problem have not been the main focus of any publication. This article briefly mentions the effects that infidelity has on intimate partner relationships and presents the empirical evidence for IBCT's utility in treating affairs. It places special focus on exploring infidelity using IBCT's explanatory model. The application of various IBCT strategies and techniques in infidelity cases is explained both in general and with concrete examples. Whether couple therapy in cases of infidelity should focus specifically on the affair or on a wider scope of issues is discussed, as well as new directions for infidelity research within an IBCT framework.
Pathogenic MAPT mutations Q336H and Q336R have isoform‐dependent differences in aggregation propensity and microtubule dysfunction
Authors: Xia Yuxing , Nasif Lith , Giasson Benoit I. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTauopathies are a group of heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders characterized by brain deposition of tau inclusions. These insidious disorders include Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, the two leading causes of dementia. Mutations in the microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT) gene lead to familial forms of frontotemporal dementia. Previously, we used cell‐based assays to screen over 20 missense tau mutations and found that decreased microtubule (MT) binding affinity was the most shared property. As a break from this trend, the MAPT mutations Q336H and Q336R are thought to promote MT assembly rather than inhibit it based on in vitro studies. Q336H and Q336R MAPT mutations also cause early onset frontotemporal dementia with Pick bodies, which are mostly composed of 3R tau isoforms. To provide further insights on the pathobiology of these mutations, we assessed Q336H and Q336R tau mutants for aggregation propensity and MT binding in cell‐based assays in the context of both 0N3R and 0N4R tau isoforms. Q336R tau was prone to prion‐like seeded aggregation but both Q336H and Q336R tau led to increased MT binding. Additionally, we found that different tau isoforms with these mutations heterogeneously regulate different MT subpopulations of tyrosinated and acetylated MTs, markers of newly formed MTs and stable MTs. The Q336H and Q336R tau mutations may exemplify an alternative mechanism where pathogenic tau can bind MTs with higher affinity and hyperstabilize MTs, which prevent proper MT regulation and homeostasis.
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