bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence Evaluation of Acute Kidney Injury and Pharmacoeconomic Analysis Among Critically Ill Patients With Use of Antipseudomonal β-Lactams and Vancomycin
Authors: Dong Yalin , Zhang Ying , Wang Yan , Lian Jiangping , Yang Ruixia , Long Lihui , Wu Yin , Yan Jianhua , Shang Fei , Zhang Kanghuai , Peng Lirong , Huang Jianlin , Liu Dong , Jiao Xialing , Huang Linghong , Yan Kangkang , Li Xiaoe , Zhang Hefeng , Shi Yaling , Sun Bao , Hai Wenli , Li Xiaoting , Zhang Jianping , Cai Yan , Han Xiaonian , Duan Wangwang , Zhang Jin , Jiang Kai , Zhang Le , Chen Minchun , Kang Yansheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Whether vancomycin (VAN) plus piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) could increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) is still controversial in critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the risk of developing AKI and risk of developing AKI and treatment cost among this population receiving VAN/PTZ to a matched group receiving VAN/other antipseudomonal β-lactams. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, matched study included 700 critically ill patients who received ≥48 hours of VAN/PTZ or VAN/other antipseudomonal β-lactams. The risk of developing AKI was compared between these two combination therapies using propensity-adjusted analysis. Furthermore, a pharmacoeconomic decision-analytic model was performed.Results: According to three AKI-defined criteria, VAN/PTZ was associated with significantly higher incidence of than VAN/other antipseudomonal β-lactams (all P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, regardless of any VAN/other antipseudomonal β-lactams, VAN/PTZ was an independent predictor for stage 2 or 3 AKI. In the empiric treatment, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios per additional nephrotoxic episode of 1147.35$, 1845.11$, and 3989.95$ were found for VAN/PTZ relative to, vancomycin plus imipenem-cilastatin, vancomycin plus meropenem, and vancomycin plus cefoperazone-sulbactam, respectively. Conclusion: In critically ill patients, VAN/PTZ was associated with both higher AKI risk and treatment cost when considering AKI occurence compared to VAN/other antipseudomonal β-lactams.Trial registration: retrospectively registered, ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT03776409.
Insight into the Underlying Synergy between Exo–Lytic Cellulases
Authors: Zong Zhiyou , Li Qiyu , Hong Zhangyong , Cai Wensheng , Shao Xueguang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass can be converted into biofuels and biochemicals, through a synergetic degradation by cellulases. The underlying cooperative mechanism is of paramount importance for the development of efficient enzyme cocktails. The synergy between exo–lytic cellulases, however, still remains poorly understood. In the present contribution, we decipher the synergism by investigation of the enzyme–enzyme interactions (EEIs) between two exo–lytic cellulases––Talaromyces emersonii Cel7A (TeCel7A) and Trichoderma reesei Cel6A (TrCel6A), and between TeCel7A and other main components in the cocktails, and propose a novel synergistic way. The enzymes are found to be apt to bind around the eight substrate–enclosing loops (SELs) of TeCel7A, of which the TrCel6A possesses the strongest binding energy with TeCel7A. The combination between TeCel7A and TrCel6A is further investigated experimentally by Microscale Thermophoresis, confirming the existence of their interactions. Due to the EEIs, the flexibility of the SELs, which mediate dissociation of TeCel7A from cellulose, is increased. We further found that the improved flexibility of loop B3 is pivotal to accelerate dethreading process, helping improving enzymatic hydrolytic efficiency. In view of our theoretical and experimental results here and previous experimental phenomena, the carbohydrate binding modules of the exo–lytic enzymes, which enable them to absorb on the same plane of the substrate, are conjectured to enhance the degree of the EEIs. This work brings to light an underlying synergy between exo–lytic cellulases, and is conducive to a systematic understanding of the synergetic actions in cellulase cocktails.
Fast Determination of the Rubber Content in Taraxacum Kok-Saghyz Fresh Biomass Using Portable Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography
Authors: Chen Ying , Yiyang Dong , Ma Xiang , Li Jiaru , Guo Minmin , Zhang Jichuan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Taraxacum kok-saghyz (TKS), a plant native to the Tianshan valley on the border between China and Kazakhstan and inherently rich in natural rubber, inulin and other bioactive ingredients, is an important industrial crop. TKS rubber is a good substitute for natural rubber. TKS's breeding work necessitates the need to screen high-yielding varieties, hence rapid determination of rubber content is essential for the screening. Conventional analytical methods cannot meet actual needs in terms of real-time testing and economic cost. Near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology, which has developed rapidly in the field of industrial process analysis in recent years, is a green detection technology with obvious merits of fast measurement speed, low cost and no sample loss. This research aims to develop a portable non-destructive near-infrared spectroscopic detection scheme to evaluate the content of natural rubber in TKS fresh roots. Pyrolysis gas chromatography (PyGC), was chosen as the reference method for the development of NIR prediction model. Results: 208 TKS fresh root samples were collected from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Near-infrared spectra were acquired for all samples. Randomly two-thirds of them were selected as the calibration set, the remaining one-third as the verification set, and the partial least squares method was successfully used to establish a good NIR prediction model at 1080-1800nm with a performance to deviation ratio (RPD) of 5.54 and coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.95. Conclusions: This study showed that portable near-infrared spectroscopy could be used with ease for large-scale screening of TKS plants in farmland, and could greatly facilitate TKS germplasm preservation, high-yield cultivation, environment-friendly, high-efficiency and low-cost rubber extraction, and comprehensive advancement of the dandelion rubber industry thereof.
Synthesis, Characterization and Enhanced visible light induced photocatalytic activity of NiO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite
Authors: Gayathri M. , Jayaprakssh N. , E Sundaravadivel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Heterogeneous binary nanocomposite based photocatalysis is a potential strategy to resolve the worldwide ecological issues. Here, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) containing NiOnanocomposite (NC) was synthesized by simple mixing. Pure NiO and g-C3N4 was synthesised by hydrothermal and thermal decomposition methods respectively. As synthesized g-C3N4, NiO, and NiO/g-C3N4, composite were characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV-vis spectroscopy, FE-SEM, and HR-TEM. NiO nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on C3N4 matrix. Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated under visible light irradiation. The results confirm that 81% of RhB was degraded within 60 min under NiO/g-C3N4 visible light system. This study suggests that potential in environmental applications.
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Patients on Ticagrelor Therapy Is Not Associated with Adverse Perioperative Outcomes
Authors: Diab Sammer , Arazi Mattan , Sternik Leonid Leonid , Raanani Ehud Raanani Ehud , Kachel Erez , Grosman-Rimon Liza , Shalabi Amjad , Amir Offer Amir Offer , Carasso Shemy 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Management of patients treated with ticagrelor is challenging, as stopping Ticagrelor prior to coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG) may increase the risk of acute stent thrombosis. The aim of the study was to compare bleeding complications in patients treated with ticagrelor combined with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) until one day before surgery versus ASA alone.
Methods

Bleeding complications, defined as the composite of red blood cells transfusion ≥ 1000ml, chest drainage ≥ 2000ml, and bleeding requiring surgical re-exploration, were compared in 161 patients, 101 on preoperative acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) alone (group A) and 65 on ticagrelor + ASA (group B).
Results

There were no differences in bleeding complications between the two groups (26% vs. 27% in group A and B, respectively), with similar chest drainage in the first 24 hours (569 ± 393ml and 649 ± 427ml, respectively).
Conclusions

Continuing ticagrelor until coronary artery bypass surgery was not associated with increased bleeding complications, suggesting that with appropriate perioperative management, continuing ticagrelor until surgery may be safe.
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2(HER-2) expression in Sri Lankan gastric adenocarcinoma patients: An analysis of the concordance of HER2 expression and survival based on silver in-situ hybridization (SISH)
Authors: Subasinghe Duminda , Acott Nathan , Mahesh PKB , Sivaganesh Sivasuriya , Samarasekera Ananthi , Kumarasinghe Marian Priyanthi , Samarasekera Dharmabandu Nandadeva , Lokuhetty Menaka Dilani Samarwickrema 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Accurate HER2 status is crucial for gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) patient selection for antiHER2 therapy. It is assessed immunohistochemically (IHC) for protein expression, and by silver in-situ hybridization (SISH) for gene copy number. This study aimed to evaluate the concordance of HER2 status by IHC/SISH analyses and HER2-SISH based survival.Methods: This prospective study includes 145 GC’s (excluding gastro-oesophageal-junction tumours) from the National Hospital of Sri Lanka with defined demographic, clinical-radiological-pathological characteristics. HER2-IHC was assessed by DAKO A0485, RealTM Envision system and interpreted using Ruschoff criteria. HER2-SISH was assessed with INFORM HER2 dual ISH DNA Probe Cocktail. Concordance between HER2 IHC/SISH results was determined by Cohens kappa statistics. The association between the survival and HER2-SISH positivity was evaluated using the cox-regression method. Adjustments were done for age, gender, Lauren classification, tumour location and the tumour staging.Results: Of the 69 gastrectomies and 76 biopsies, 8.3% (n = 12) were HER2-IHC positive (n = 7, + 2 and n = 5, + 3). HER2-SISH positivity was 4.8 % (n = 7). All IHC + 3 were SISH positive, while two + 2 cases were SISH positive. Concordance for IHC 0, + 1, +3 were 100%. There was a significant overall correlation (kappa = 0.72, p < 0.001) between HER2-IHC and HER2-SISH indicating substantial concordance. The mean overall survival of HER2-SISH negative and positive patients were 41.7 (0-210) and 14.6 (3–51) weeks respectively, after a mean duration of patient follow up for 40.4 weeks (range 0-210). Survival was relatively lower (p = 0.001) in the group with HER2-SISH positivity.Conclusion: HER2-IHC was well concordant with HER2-SISH for 0, + 1, +3 scores and could be used for treatment and prognostication in low resource settings, where SISH facility is unavailable. HER2-IHC + 2, without gene amplification may be due to transcriptional activation by other genes or post-transcriptional events, mandating further evaluation by SISH. Survival of GC patients is significantly affected by HER2-SISH positive status.
Renin and (pro)renin receptor induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia by activating oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Zhang Nana , Song Xiaosu , Bian Yunfei , Bai Rui , Yang Huiyu , Wang Gang , Li Hong , Xiao Chuanshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Numerous studies have shown that the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were the pathological basis of restenosis occurrence. And Renin and prorenin could promote the proliferation of VSMCs through (pro)renin receptor ((P)RR). Therefore, this study aimed to observe the role of (P)RR in the proliferation of VSMCs in vitro and neointimal hyperplasia in the arterial injury model.
Methods
Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 and flow cytometry; RT-PCR and WB assays were used to detect the expressions of cyclin D1, PCNA, (P)RR, NOX1, and PI3K/AKT signal proteins; immunofluorescent staining was conducted to measure the expression of (P)RR; the levels of renin, PDGF-BB, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress were determined by ELISA; pathological change was observed by HE staining.
Results
In this study, we demonstrated that renin could promote the proliferation of rat VSMCs by enhanced cell viability and cell cycle proteins, but silencing (P)RR restrained this. Then, we found that renin could enhance the levels of NOX1-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation by activating ERK1/2-AKT pathway in vitro. Similarly, inhibition of (P)RR resulted in opposite phenomenon. Importantly, inhibition of (P)RR could inhibit the neointimal hyperplasia in vivo after common carotid artery injury through restraining NOX1-mediated oxidative stress by down-regulating ERK1/2-AKT pathway.
Conclusion
We concluded that renin and (P)RR induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia by activating oxidative stress, inflammation and ERK1/2-AKT pathway in an angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)-independent manner.
Printed Circuit Board Design of a Low Power, Lightweight and Compact 3D Structured Air Quality Monitoring System
Authors: Purkayastha Koel Datta , Nath Debanjali , Singh Vivek Kumar , Pradhan Sambhu Nath 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents wireless integrated compact, lightweight and portable printed circuit board (PCB) device of air quality monitoring system (AQMS). The system is fabricated in double-sided three PCBs to observe real-time data of CO2, CO, NO2 and weather parameters. For the convenience of 3D stacking, the PCB design is built on three boards so that it consumes minimum area. The volume of the entire board is found 110 mm × 80 mm × 24 mm. Strategy of power reduction has been adopted in the design. To reduce power consumption, switching technique is applied to the electronic sensors. This technique is controlled by the use of demultiplexer device. This low power switching technique enhances the battery life of the AQMS structure has been enhanced. Experimental results show that with the chosen batery bank, average power is 1.0588992 Watt during runtime operation of the device. Thus, AQMS runs in safe mode for 33.75 hours continuously using a fully charged power bank. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection has been introduced in the PCB to prevent the circuit damage from high voltage during data transmission. The system is capable of being powered by natural resources such as the solar system, which is installed to charge lithium-ion battery. Moreover, the physical weight of the fabricated device is 172gm excluding the weight of the package.
Deaths for Hospital Acquired Infections in Intensive Care Units and COVID Departments in Italy That May Be Biased for Coronavirus Caused Mortality. Warning for Science and Politics and Further Suggestions
Authors: Chirumbolo Salvatore , Simonetti Vincenzo , Franzini Marianno , Valdenassi Luigi , Bertossi Dario , Pandolfi Sergio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) are a serious concern for COVID-19 pandemic and its emergency in hospitals and healthcare units in Italy. The incidence of nosocomial infections in the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 is a quite dismissed feature in the crowded debate about how addressing and managing COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Methods Statistical methods using Kaplan-Meier plots, Bayesian calculation on RR and Or, regression calculation and confounder ANCOVA tests were applied on publicly data from the Italian Ministry of Health to highlight the rate of HAIs on COVID diagnosis. Results RR value to die in hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic because of nosocomial infections in 2020, taking into account the number of deaths provided by the Italian Ministry of Health on December 31st 2020 and values about HAIs in current literature, leads to RR = 8.47 (CI95 = 8.38-8.56, odds ratio (OR) = 8.55). Hospitalized people have more probability to be healed (median, Me = 35.92) respect to non hospitalized ones (Me = 30.28), whereas hospitalization increased the median of deaths (Me = 29.37) respect to non hospitalized people (Me =24.26). Conclusions Nosocomial infections may exert a major role, as a confounder, in increasing the dramatic amount of deceases so far accounted to exclusively SARS-CoV2 infections. If such, politics should be much more aware of this concern.
Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes following surgery combined with adjuvant radiotherapy for primary frontal sinus malignancies: A single-center analysis
Authors: Wang Zekun , Zhang Jianghu , Wu Runye , Zhang Ye , Xu Guozhen , Gao Li , Yi Junlin , Luo Jingwei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective

This study aimed to determine clinicopathologic characteristics of primary frontal sinus malignancies (FSMs) and provide long-term survival results.
Materials and methods

A retrospective study of six cases of primary FSMs at our center from 2006 to 2016 was performed. The demographics characteristics, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities and survival outcomes were recorded.
Results

In this series, the median age was 48 years (30–53 years) and all patients were male. There were five cases with squamous cell carcinoma, and one with osteosarcoma. All cases presented with locally advanced disease without regional lymphatic metastasis, including 5 cases of stage Ⅲ and one of stage Ⅱ. The two most common pathways of tumor invasion were as follows: local tumor broke posteriorly through bone wall and invaded dura mater, followed by frontal lobe; local tumor infiltrated downward through the floor of frontal sinus into ethmoid sinus, thereafter invaded laterally orbit and orbital contents. All patients received surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy at the total doses of 50Gy to 75.95Gy. Among them, only one patient underwent R0 resection, the rest of patients underwent R1/R2 resection. With a median survival time of 56 months (32 to 76 months), two patients receiving R1/R2 resection developed treatment failure and died within 5 years, including one case with local recurrence, and one with local recurrence thereafter distant metastasis.
Conclusion

The majority of FSMs presented with peripherally invasive progression lesions, which led to a high ratio of R1/R2 resection. Surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy might result in satisfactory efficacy.
Novel bacterial chloromethane degraders of a living tree fern evidenced by 13C-chloromethane incubations
Authors: Kröber Eileen , Wende Sonja , Kanukollu Saranya , Buchen-Tschiskale Caroline , Besaury Ludovic , Keppler Frank , Vuilleumier Stéphane , Kolb Steffen , Bringel Françoise 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Chloromethane (CH3Cl) is the most abundant chlorinated volatile organic compound in the atmosphere and contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion. CH3Cl has mainly natural sources such as emissions from vegetation. In particular, ferns have been recognized as strong emitters. Mitigation of CH3Cl to the atmosphere by methylotrophic bacteria, a global sink for this compound, is likely underestimated and remains poorly characterized.
Results and Conclusions: We investigated chloromethane-degrading taxa associated with intact and living tree fern plants of the species Cyathea australis by stable isotope probing (SIP) with 13C-labelled CH3Cl combined with metagenomic DNA sequencing. Metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) related to Methylobacterium and Friedmanniella were identified as being involved in the degradation of CH3Cl in the phyllosphere, i.e., the aerial parts of the tree fern, while a MAG related to Sorangium was linked to CH3Cl degradation in the fern rhizosphere. The only known metabolic pathway for CH3Cl degradation, via a methyltransferase system including the gene cmuA, was not detected in metagenomes or MAGs identified by SIP. Hence, a yet uncharacterised methylotrophic cmuA-independent pathway likely drives CH3Cl degradation in the investigated tree ferns.
THAP9 transposase cleaves DNA via conserved acidic residues in an RNaseH-like domain
Authors: Sharma Vasudha , Thakore Prachi , MAJUMDAR Sharmistha 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background: The catalytic domain of most ‘cut and paste’ DNA transposases have the canonical RNase-H fold which is also shared by other polynucleotidyl transferases like the retroviral integrases and the RAG1 subunit of V(D)J recombinase. The RNase-H fold is a mixture of beta sheets and alpha helices with three acidic residues (Asp, Asp, Glu/Asp - DDE/D) that are involved in the metal-mediated cleavage and subsequent integration of DNA. Human THAP9 (hTHAP9), homologous to the well-studied Drosophila P-element transposase (DmTNP), is an active DNA transposase that, although domesticated, still retains the catalytic activity to mobilize transposons.Results: In this study we have modelled the structure of hTHAP9 using the recently available cryo-EM structure of DmTNP as a template to identify an RNase-H like fold along with important acidic residues in its catalytic domain. Site-directed mutagenesis of the predicted catalytic residues followed by screening for DNA excision and integration activity, has led to the identification of candidate Ds and Es in the RNaseH fold that can be a part of the catalytic triad in hTHAP9.Conclusions: Many DNA transposases execute DNA excision via a catalytic domain, which has a canonical RNase-H fold. Despite the similar nature of the catalytic domain, these transposases exhibit mechanistically different strategies of transposition. We identify a potential RNase-H fold in hTHAP9 with conserved DDE motif required for cutting DNA. Additionally, we have found a residue, which when mutated, leads to an increase in hTHAP9’s transposition activity. Such hyperactive transposase mutants can be exploited as tools in genome engineering and gene therapy. This study has helped widen our knowledge about the catalytic activity of a functionally uncharacterised transposon-derived gene in the human genome.
Microstructure and properties of a vacuum tempered glass with low-temperature sintered silver paste
Authors: Sun Qin , Sun Guoji , Liu Yihan , Li Yufeng , Chen Hongtao , li Mingyu , Hang Chunjin , Zhu Wenbo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A low-temperature sintered silver paste was used for metallization on tempered glass to prepare a vacuum tempered glass by soldering with Sn 96.5 Ag 3 Cu 0.5 paste (SAC305). The effects of the glass content and the sintering temperature on the microstructures, shear strengths, and fracture mechanisms of the bondlines were investigated in detail. The microstructure of the thick silver film and its interface with the tempered glass was characterized. The dissolution and precipitation behaviors of the silver in Bi-B-Zn glass were also analyzed. Bi 4 B 2 O 9 crystals were detected in the microstructure of the thick silver film when the joining temperature was increased above 450 °C, which can strengthen the silver film and the interface with the tempered glass. After soldering at 450 °C for 10 min, an excellent bondline was formed with a shear strength of 42.3 MPa and a leak rate of 7.2 × 10 -3 Pa.cm 3 /s by using the low-temperature sintered paste, which had a composition of 80 wt.% silver and 20 wt.% glass powder. Furthermore, heat transfer tests revealed that the vacuum tempered glass had excellent thermal insulation properties. The results showed that the low-temperature sintered silver paste combined with soldering was an effective method to prepare vacuum tempered glass.