bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
49 THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Gao Yuan , Yang Kaiqi , Du* Dalong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness in which patients are often accompanied by impairments in cognitive functions such as attention, working memory, language fluency, and executive function. These defects not only affect patients’ daily living abilities, but also significantly limit their recovery of social functions. In recent years, expressive arts therapy has gradually attracted attention as a non-drug intervention method. This treatment method promotes the improvement of patients’ mental health and cognitive function through the combination of music, painting and other art forms.

Methods
The study included 50 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), with an age range of 18-55 years. They were randomly divided into a treatment group of 25 and a control group of 25. The treatment group received 12 weeks of expressive art therapy, 3 times a week, 1 hour each time, including music, painting and dance activities. The control group only received conventional drug treatment. Both groups of patients were evaluated by cognitive function battery tests before and after the intervention, and the measurement dimensions included attention, working memory, language fluency and executive function.

Results
The scores of each dimension of cognitive function in the treatment group were significantly improved compared with those before the intervention (P &lt; 0.05), while the improvement in the control group was smaller. Comparison between groups showed that the scores of each cognitive function dimension in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group after the intervention (P &lt; 0.05). See Table 1 for details. As can be seen from Table 1, the treatment group improved most significantly in the attention and executive function dimensions (P &lt; 0.01), reaching 47.3±6.2 and 28.4±5.3 respectively, while the improvement in the control group was smaller, only improving to 38.5 ±5.9 and 22.0 ±4.8. In the dimensions of working memory and verbal fluency, the improvement in the treatment group was equally significant (P &lt; 0.05), while the control group only showed a slight improvement.

Discussion
Expressive arts therapy has potential value in improving cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia, especially in the areas of attention and executive function. Multisensory art forms may provide an effective cognitive intervention path for patients by activating brain cognitive networks and improving information processing capabilities. Compared with conventional drug treatment, expressive arts therapy showed more comprehensive improvement effects.

Funding
No. 2021XZC006.
50 EFFICACY OF DIARY PSYCHOEDUCATION AND HIERARCHICAL NURSING IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Sun Limei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder. Patients often show symptoms such as cognitive impairment, emotional disorders and social dysfunction, which seriously affect their daily life and social adaptability. Psychological education and nursing intervention are important components of treatment. Diary psychoeducation promotes patients’ self-reflection and emotional expression, while hierarchical nursing implements precise intervention according to the individual needs of patients.

Methods
The study included 100 inpatients who met the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia according to DSM-5 and were randomly divided into an intervention group (n=50) and a control group (n=50). The control group received conventional drug treatment and basic nursing care, while the intervention group received 12 weeks of diary psychoeducation and hierarchical nursing intervention on this basis. The study used the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SDSS) to evaluate the changes in clinical symptoms and social function of patients before and after the intervention, statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test and independent sample t-test.

Results
The intervention group improved significantly better than the control group in PANSS total score, positive symptoms, negative symptoms and general psychopathology dimensions (P &lt; 0.05). At the same time, the intervention group’s social function improvement in SDSS scale scores was also significantly better than that of the control group (P &lt; 0.01). See Table 1 for specific data. As can be seen from Table 1, the intervention group improved significantly better than the control group in terms of PANSS total score, positive symptoms, and negative symptom scores (P &lt; 0.05). The PANSS total score dropped from 89.4 ± 10.6 to 58.3 ± 8.7, while the control group improved significantly (P &lt; 0.05). Only dropped from 88.7 ± 11.2 to 72.5 ± 9.8. In terms of SDSS total score, the intervention group dropped from 17.9 ± 3.1 to 9.8 ± 2.5.

Discussion
Diary psychoeducation and hierarchical care have certain positive effects in alleviating core symptoms of schizophrenia and improving social functions, especially in terms of positive and negative symptoms and general psychopathology scores. At the same time, this intervention model also significantly promotes the recovery of patients’ social functions and provides an important reference for the comprehensive treatment of patients with schizophrenia.
59 USING DIGITAL MEDIA TECHNOLOGY TO ANALYZE THE EMOTIONAL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSION
Authors: Wang Qiaqia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Depression is a common mental illness characterized by persistent low mood, cognitive dysfunction, and impaired social functioning. In recent years, with the rapid development of digital media technologies, using these technologies to study the changes of emotional and cognitive functions has become a new research direction. Digital media technologies such as digital applications, online assessment tools and biofeedback devices, which provide real-time data collection and analysis, offer innovative approaches to depression assessment and intervention. These techniques not only help researchers gain a deeper understanding of the emotional experience and cognitive function of people with depression, but also support the development of personalized treatment programs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the emotional state and cognitive function performance of patients with depression by using digital media technology.

Methods
The study was designed using a hybrid approach, combining quantitative and qualitative studies, to gain insight into the emotional and cognitive functions of patients with depression. Taking 160 patients diagnosed with depression who were treated at a mental health center, The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) meets the DSM-5 criteria for depression. Participants were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=50, receiving the digital media technology intervention) and a control group (n=50, receiving the usual treatment). Groups are grouped using a computer-generated list of random numbers to ensure that the two groups match on baseline features. Prior to the study, all participants completed a self-rated questionnaire on depressive symptoms and daily mood performance, including the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). At the end of the 12-week intervention, all participants filled out the Hamilton Depression Scale again, and cognitive function was assessed via an online cognitive platform.

Results
The score results of the two groups of patients before and after the experimental intervention are shown in Table 1. The baseline HAM-D score of the experimental group was 22.5 points, which decreased to 12.3 points after 12 weeks, with a mean change range of 45.5%. The statistical results showed significant changes in depressive symptoms in the group (P&lt;0.001). The experimental group had a baseline cognitive function score of 72.8, which improved slightly to 74.0 after 12 weeks, a change of only 1.6%. Showed little substantial improvement in cognitive function in the control group.

Discussion
The results of the study support the validity of using digital media techniques to analyze mood and cognitive function in patients with depression. Through precise data collection and analysis, the study revealed a close relationship between mood swings and cognitive function in patients with depression, suggesting that emotion management may be an important way to improve cognitive function.
74 THE IMPROVEMENT OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA BY COMBINING VISUAL AND AUDITORY TRAINING MODE: BASED ON VISUAL SCANNING IMAGING ANALYSIS
Authors: Wang* Xinyang , Pan Ruihong , Lai Liping , Zhu Simi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder, and one of its core symptoms is cognitive impairment, which seriously affects the patient’s daily life, social function, and rehabilitation outcomes. Visual scanning imaging technology, as an emerging and objective means of assessing cognitive function, can accurately capture indicators such as eye movement trajectory and gaze time of patients during visual information processing, providing a new perspective for a deeper understanding of cognitive function. The research aims to explore whether a new training mode that integrates vision and hearing can more effectively improve the cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia, and to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the training effect using visual scanning imaging analysis technology.

Methods
The study recruited 50 patients with schizophrenia as the experimental group and 50 healthy volunteers matched for age, gender, etc. as the control group. Firstly, conduct a comprehensive clinical evaluation of all participants, including medical history collection, assessment of psychiatric symptoms, etc. Then, the DEM-2000 eye tracker was used to conduct baseline visual scanning imaging tests on the two groups of participants, recording their eye movement data during scene browsing and target search, including the number of fixation points, fixation time, scanning path, etc. The experimental group received 10 weeks of visual and auditory fusion training. The training content includes visual stimulation tasks and synchronized auditory guidance. The training frequency is 3 times a week, with each session lasting approximately 45 minutes. After the training, visual scanning imaging tests were conducted again on the experimental group patients and the control group to obtain visual cognitive data after training.

Results
The comparison of data before and after training is shown in Table 1. Before training, the experimental group had an average of 25 fixation points, while the control group had 40 fixation points. After training, the average number of fixation points in the experimental group was 35, an increase of 40% compared to before training. The standard deviation of average fixation time is 9 ms, which is 25% lower than before training. In terms of attention testing, the average correct reaction time of the experimental group before training was 800 ms, which was shortened to 600 ms after training. In memory tests, the average number of correct memories before training was 4, which increased to 7 after training.

Discussion
The training mode that integrates visual and auditory senses has a positive effect on improving cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia, and visual scanning imaging technology can effectively capture the manifestation of this improvement at the visual cognitive level.

Funding
No. Pdjh2024a557.
88 STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF OUTWARD-BOUND TRAINING ON MENTAL HEALTH OF SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS IN CONVALESCENT PERIOD
Authors: Huang Zhangquan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia is a chronic and serious mental disorder. Although the symptoms of patients have been alleviated during rehabilitation, they still face challenges in the recovery of social and cognitive functions, and are susceptible to external stimuli. The lack of communication and social support during the recovery period may aggravate and worsen the condition. Outward bound training, as an experiential learning activity, can promote patients’ teamwork, self-confidence and self-efficacy, and has a potential positive effect on improving patients’ social function and mental health. The aim of the study was to explore how outreach training can improve patients’ mental health and reduce anxiety and depression levels by enhancing their self-confidence, social skills and coping abilities.

Methods
From January 2022 to March 2023, 60 patients with schizophrenia admitted to the Third Hospital of Zhuzhou City were selected as the observation group. Meanwhile, a group of volunteers with similar health conditions were selected as the control group. The SCL-90 Symptom Checklist was used in the study to assess the psychological health status of participants. The students in the experimental group underwent a two-day, 8-10 hours, 12 weeks expansion training program over the weekend. The training content includes orienteering, jungle exploration, wilderness camping, as well as field projects such as horizontal bars, bridge crossings, and winding trails. The control group of students maintained their regular physical education schedule, twice a week, which included aerobics, athletics, football, basketball, and more.

Results
From Table 1, it can be seen that before intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores of each factor of the symptom self-assessment scale between the experimental group and the control group (P values were all greater than 0.05). After 12 weeks of expansion training, the experimental group showed significantly lower scores in all factors compared to the control group (P values were all less than 0.01), especially in the reduction of hostile factors. The scores of each factor in the experimental group decreased significantly after intervention compared to before intervention (P values were all less than 0.01), while there was no significant difference in the scores of each factor in the control group before and after intervention (P values were all greater than 0.05).

Discussion
The results of this study indicate that after the intervention of expansion training, the psychological health level of participants has significantly improved. Compared with the control group, the differences in various factors have reached statistical significance, indicating that the intervention effect of expansion training is positive. In addition, during the training process, patients’ attention is diverted from worries and setbacks in daily life, which helps regulate emotions and promotes the improvement of mental health.
95 IMPROVEMENT OF LANGUAGE FUNCTION AND EXPRESSION ABILITY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS IN ONLINE AND OFFLINE MUSIC TEACHING
Authors: Li Yanmei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia patients usually show language dysfunction and difficulty in emotional expression, which has a serious impact on the social adaptation and quality of life of patients. In recent years, music therapy, as an auxiliary treatment, has been shown to have potential in improving cognitive function and emotional disorders. However, the specific improvement effect of online and offline music teaching on the language function and expression ability of patients with schizophrenia is still unclear. This study aims to evaluate the improvement effect of online and offline music teaching modes on the language function and expression ability of patients with schizophrenia, and compare the effects of the two teaching modes.

Methods
A total of 60 patients with schizophrenia were selected and randomly divided into an online teaching group and an offline teaching group, with 30 cases in each group. All patients underwent a baseline assessment of language function and expression ability before the start of the study, using the Language Function Scale (LFS) and the Emotional Expression Ability Scale (EEAS). The online teaching group conducted a 12-week music learning through video courses, and the offline teaching group conducted the same period of training through face-to-face classroom teaching. All patients were evaluated again after the intervention.

Results
The results showed that both online and offline music teaching significantly improved the language function and expression ability of patients with schizophrenia. Specific data are shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows that both online and offline music teaching can effectively improve the language function and expression ability of patients with schizophrenia. The language function score of the online teaching group increased from 45.2 points to 66.8 points, an improvement of 21.6 points. The expressive ability score increased from 42.6 points to 64.3 points. The language function score of the offline teaching group increased from 45.5 points to 72.1 points, an improvement of 26.6 points. The expressive ability score increased from 43.0 points to 70.2 points. The improvement rate of the offline teaching group was significantly higher than that of the online teaching group (P &lt; 0.05).

Discussion
Research shows that music teaching, especially offline teaching mode, can significantly improve the language function and expression ability of patients with schizophrenia. Compared with online teaching, offline teaching mode helps to more effectively improve patients’ language expression ability and emotional cognitive ability through more interaction and emotional communication. The study provides effective evidence support for the application of music therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia.

Funding
No. LG231758.
American Society of Anesthesiologists 2023 Guidance on Neurological Complications of Neuraxial Analgesia/Anesthesia in Obstetrics
Authors: Vallejo MC , Kumaraswami S , Zakowski MI 
Published: February 2025

(Anesthesiology. 2024; 140:1235–1239. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000004967)
Neuraxial analgesia or anesthesia comes with inherent risks, and many patients and providers fear neurological complications even with established low odds of such occurrences. Studies show that a large proportion of individuals want to be informed of risks even if odds are 1 in 10,000 or less. This article is a letter to the editor regarding the guidance surrounding complications of neuraxial analgesia/anesthesia in obstetric populations given by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA).
Shoulder Dystocia by Severity in Families: A Nationwide Population Study
Authors: Rasmussen S , Ebbing C , Baghestan E , Linde LE 
Published: February 2025

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2024;103(10):1955–1964. doi:10.1111/aogs.14766)
Shoulder dystocia (SD) is a serious problem during childbirth that is connected to significant risks for newborns, such as brachial plexus injury, fractures, cerebral palsy, and perinatal death. The occurrence varies from 0.13% to 3.0%, and reoccurrence rates range from 7.3% to 13.5%. Important risk factors consist of considerable birth weight (risk grows more than 50 times for weights >4500 g), maternal diabetes, previous SD, assisted delivery, and labor dystocia. Research indicates that severe instances of SD have a greater likelihood of happening again, but there has not been enough research done on how severity affects recurrence and intergenerational transmission.
A Statewide Mobile Simulation Program for Improving Obstetric Skills in Rural Hospitals
Authors: Thenuwara K , Santillan D , Henkle J , Forman J , Dunbar A , Faro E , Hunter S 
Published: February 2025

(Anesth Analg. 2024;139(5):931–939. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000006883)
The closure of rural obstetric (OB) units has created maternal care deserts, requiring expectant mothers in rural areas to travel long distances for essential maternity care. This situation also poses challenges for emergency departments (EDs) in hospitals without OB units, which must ensure that their staff regularly train to maintain OB skills. Similarly, rural level-1 OB units with low volumes of maternity cases struggle to provide comprehensive training. To address these challenges, a team used a federal grant to develop an OB mobile simulation program aimed at improving OB skills and standardizing care in Iowa. The program was based on the Alliance for Innovation in Maternal Health (AIM) Patient Safety Bundles framework.
Extreme Inequity in Analgesia and Perioperative Management of Pregnant Patients
Authors: Dennis AT , Sheridan N 
Published: February 2025

(Anaesthesia. 2024;79:455–460. doi:10.1111/anae.16237)
On January 1, 2016, the United Nations introduced 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the aim of promoting global equality and building a sustainable future by 2030. These objectives, such as SDGs 3, 4, 5, 10, and 16, are particularly significant in enhancing maternal health care. SDG 3 promotes well-being by targeting improved health outcomes, seeking to cut worldwide maternal mortality to below 70 per 100,000 live births. It also stresses the importance of ensuring universal availability of sexual and reproductive health care, providing financial protection against risks, promoting fair access to high-quality medications, and ensuring safe surgical procedures such as cesarean sections, which are deemed necessary surgeries.
An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews on Interventions of Physical Activity Before Pregnancy, During Pregnancy, and Postpartum to Control and/or Reduce Weight Gain
Authors: González AG , Sánchez del Pino A , Amezcua-Prieto C , Luef BM , Vinter CA , Jorgensen JS , García-Valdés L 
Published: February 2025

(Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2024;166:915–931. doi:10.1002/ijgo.15453)
The increasing global prevalence of overweight and obesity represents a significant public health concern, particularly when it affects younger populations and women of childbearing age. This trend poses numerous risks, as obesity is associated with a range of adverse reproductive and obstetric outcomes, including abortion, reduced fertility, pregnancy complications (such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia), and negative postpartum events. In addition, children born to obese mothers are at increased risk of infant adiposity, high birth weight, metabolic syndrome, and childhood obesity.
Racial and Ethnic Concordance Between the Patient and Anesthesia Team and Patients’ Satisfaction With Pain Management During Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Sanchez J , Prabhu R , Guglielminotti J , Landau R 
Published: February 2025

(Anesth Analg. 2024 ;139(5):921–930. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000006764)
This study examined if the racial and ethnic alignment between patients and anesthesia teams influences satisfaction with pain control during cesarean delivery (CD). Concordance denotes having a shared racial or ethnic identity, which is recognized to improve communication and trust in various health care settings. Nonetheless, its effect on obstetric anesthesia practice is still not thoroughly investigated. The study involved English-speaking women who had CD at an academic medical center in New York from May to September 2022. Satisfaction regarding anesthesia care was evaluated through a survey carried out within 48 hours postdelivery.