bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Analysis of AC-DC Microgrid with Aid of Golden Search with Flower Pollination Algorithm
Authors: S Mythili , N Narasimhulu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the power system stability enhancement and power flow analysis are essential task in AC-DC microgrid system. Hence, in this paper, Golden Search-based Flower Pollination Algorithm (GSFPA) to solve the optimal power flow invention in AC-DC microgrid system. In the projected methodology, the objective functions are framed to enable the optimal power flow in microgrid system such as total cost of generation in AC as well as DC systems and cost of active power transmission to DC grid from AC microgrid. The objective functions are related with the constraints such as AC-DC power electronics converters limits, power flows and voltage magnitude limits. Additionally, power loss and voltage deviation of the microgrid system also reduced which enhance the system performance. The proposed methodology is utilized to select optimal control parameters for enabling the stable operation of microgrid system. The proposed methodology is validated by using IEEE 30 bus system which associated with 9-bus DC microgrids and 6-bus DC microgrids. The projected method is applied in MATLAB and performances are analyzed with normal as well as contingency conditions. The projected method is contrasted with the conventional methods such as Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), chaos based FPA (CFPA) and Levy Flight based Black Widow Optimization (LF-BWO) respectively.
Clinical Significance of Discordances in Sentinel Lymph Node Reactivity Between Radioisotope and Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Patients With cN0 Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Jimbo Kenjiro , Nakadaira Uta , Watase Chikashi , Nurata Takeshi , Shiino Sho , Takayama Shin , Suto Akihiko 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the usefulness of combining radioisotopes and indocyanine green (ICG) and investigate discordances in sentinel lymph node (SN) reactivity using each tracer in cN0 breast cancer patients.Methods: 338 cN0 primary breast cancer patients who underwent SN biopsy with radioisotopes and ICG and axillary lymph node (ALN) dissection were included. SN positivities with radioisotopes, ICG, and both were denoted as SN(RI), SN(ICG), and SN(RI+ICG), respectively. We retrospectively estimated metastatic SN detection rates, each method’s discordance rate, and correlation of discordances in SN reactivity with postoperative N staging.Results: The combination of radioisotopes and ICG had higher metastatic SN detection rates (99.7%) than radioisotopes or ICG alone (91.7% and 96.4%, respectively; p<0.01). The discordance rate between SN(RI) (11 cases) and SN(ICG) (27 cases) in detecting metastatic SNs was 11.2%. The absence of SN(RI), cT stage (cT2-3), higher histological grade, and histological type were identified as risk factors of pN2-3 disease (odds ratios: 8.64, 2.56, 1.92, and 3.28, respectively; p<0.01).Conclusions: Discordances in SN reactivity between radioisotopes and ICG helps identify SN metastasis. Although the absence of SN(RI) is rare, it is a significant sign of advanced ALN metastases; ALN dissection should be considered for accurate nodal staging.
A Multimodal Concept for Vaginal Cuff Closure by Modification of the Bakay Technique in Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Kalkan Üzeyir , Bakay Kadir 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of modified Bakay technique (MT) to standard colpotomy (ST) and cuff closure in total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). Methods: This two-centre, randomized-controlled study included a total of 160 patients who were scheduled for TLH for benign diseases (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier is NCT05080114 and the first posted date was 15/10/2021). The patients were allocated into two groups by a computer-based randomization programme as ST group and MT group. Total operative time, cuff closure time, length of hospital stay, intra- and postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification, pre- and postoperative vaginal length, and patient satisfaction according to the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) questionnaire were assessed. Results: Seventy-seven patients in the ST group and 80 patients in the MT group underwent TLH. The total operative time was significantly shorter in the MT compared to the ST (59 vs. 55.5 min, respectively; p=0.001). The median total operative time for colpotomy, extraction of uterus, and vaginal cuff closure steps was 9 (range, 6 to 12 in MT vs. 6 to 11 in ST) min in both groups. The median hospital stay was 2 (range, 1 to 4) days in both groups. Intraoperative blood loss was not significantly different between the groups (90 mL in ST vs. 80 mL in MT; p=0.456). The mean uterine weight for the ST group and MT group was comparable (258.6±88.6 g vs. 232.9±102.5 g, respectively; p=0.107). The preoperative vaginal length was not significantly different between the groups (p=0.502). The median postoperative vaginal length was significantly higher in the MT group compared to the ST group on Day 90 (8 cm vs. 7,5 cm, respectively; p= 0.001). The PGI-I questionnaire score on Day 90 postoperatively was 2 (range, 1 to 5) in both groups (p=0.636). The complication rates were similar between the groups (p=0.230).Conclusion: The MT can be safely performed in most of the cases requiring TLH with the advantages of vaginal cuff closure before the alteration of pelvic anatomy, support to primary healing of the vaginal cuff, and routine concomitant apical support.
The Comparison of CSN2 (rs43703011) Beta-Casein Gene Options Frequencies in Different Breeds of Ukraine Cows and the Prospect of Creating Herds with the A2/А2 Genotype
Authors: Ladyka Volodymyr , Drevytska Tetiana , Pavlenko Yuliia , Skliarenko Yuriy , Lahuta Tetiana , Drevytskyi Ostap , Dosenko Victor 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Using real-time polymerase chain reaction methods, we have researched the CSN2 polymorphism (GenBank M55158; SNP rs43703011) gene in 4 breeds of cows in the North-East of Ukraine. The observed distributions of genotype frequencies А1/А1, А1/А2, А2/А2 and A1 or A2 alleles varies considerably in different cattle breeds: Lebedyn cattle - 14.6%, 31.7%, 53.7% (0.3 and 0.7); Ukrainian brown dairy breed - 6.8%, 43.2%, 50% (0.28 та 0.72); Simmental cattle - 7.3%, 51.2%, 41.5% (0.33 and 0.67); Ukrainian black speckled milky – 38.5%, 34.6%, 26.9% (0.56 та 0.44). The ratio of genotypes and alleles were found significant differences when comparing Lebedyn cattle and Simmental cattle (р=0.01), Lebedyn cattle and Ukrainian black speckled milky (р<0.0001), Lebedyn cattle compared to all other breeds (р=0.04), Ukrainian brown dairy breed and Ukrainian black speckled milky (р<0.0001), Ukrainian brown dairy breed compared to all other Ukrainian breeds (р=0.008); Simmental cattle and Ukrainian black speckled milky (р<0.0001), Simmental cattle (р=0.002) and Ukrainian black speckled milky (р<0.0001) to all other breeds. The obtained results indicate the prospects of breeding work to create herds with genotype A2/A2 animals - specifically with the Lebedyn cattle.
Systemic COVID-19 vaccination also enhances the humoral immune response after SARS CoV-2 infection in the population of an oncology hospital in Poland. Criteria for COVID-19 re-immunization are needed.
Authors: Kosiorek Piotr , Kazberuk Dorota , Hryniewicz Anna , Milewski Robert , Stróż Samuel , Stasiak-Barmuta Anna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Systemic vaccination of the BNT162b2 mRNA stimulates humoral response. The aim of our study was to compare the intensity of humoral immune response, measured by SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralization S-RBD IgG antibodies level, post COVID-19 vaccination versus post SARS COV-2 infection. We analysed 1060 people in the following groups: convalescents, healthy vaccinated, vaccinated with COMIRNATY, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Johnson&Johnson and vaccinated SARS CoV-2 convalescents. A concentration of SARS CoV-2 IgG, SARS CoV-2 IgM, and neutralizing S-RBD IgG was estimated in Bialystok Oncology Center laboratory by chemiluminescent immunoassay- CLIA, MAGLUMI. Results: 1. We observed a raise of antibodies response in both, convalescent SARS CoV-2 and COVID-19 vaccinated groups 2. The level of all antibodies’ concentrations in vaccinated COVID-19 convalescents was significantly higher. 3. We differentiated an asymptomatic SARS CoV-2 convalescents from control group. Based on our analysis we suggest that it is important to monitor SARS CoV-2 antibodies concentrations as an indicator of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, and as an equivalent of effectiveness of humoral response in convalescents and vaccinated people. Taking into consideration the time-limited nature of the effects of post infection SARS CoV-2 recovery or vaccination, among others physiological half-life, we suggested monitoring IgG antibodies level as a criterium for next vaccination.
Carbon Dioxide Emissions Mitigation Strategy through Enhanced Geothermal Systems: Western Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Chandrasekharam Dornadula , Baba Alper 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Although Turkey is not the biggest GHG polluter, its emissions have increased by 110.4 % since 1990. Currently, its CO 2 emissions alone have crossed 400 Mt. Within the scope of 2 °C targets (2D scenario), the country can easily surpass this target test by increasing its renewable energy sources as a primary energy source mix, by developing its Enhanced Geothermal Sources (EGS) locked up in the radiogenic granites of western Anatolia. The radiogenic heat generated by these granites, spread over an area of 4221 sq. km, varies from 5.3 to 16.34 µW/m 3 . Based on the electricity generation capacity of granites from Soultz-sous-Forets and Cooper Basin EGS sites, the combined electricity generation capacity of Kestanbol and Kozak granite plutons is about 830 billion kWh. For the period extending from 2019 to 2023, Turkey is aiming at reducing the usage of gas for electricity generation from 29.9 to 20.7%, increasing the share of renewable energy sources from 32.5 to 38.8%, increasing the electricity production from local energy sources from 150 TWh to 219 TWh and increasing the electricity usage per-capita from 3.7 to 4.3 MWh. These energy targets can be achieved by major contributions from hydrothermal and EGS energy sources. This review demonstrates that besides electricity and heat, EGS energy can be utilized, together with other renewable energy sources like hydrothermal, wind, and concentrated solar for providing fresh water through the desalination process. These energy sources would provide food, energy, and water security to the country for several decades.
EfficAcy and Safety of Tripterygium Wilfordii Multiglycosides in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (EAST): Protocol for An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Geng Chanyu , Feng Yunlin , Li Qiang , Pu Lei , Yang Hongling , Li Guisen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is one of the most common primary glomerular diseases in China, especially in the elderly. Patients who are classified as low risk of renal function decline based on KDIGO guidelines often present with obvious lower extremities edema, which make the supportive treatment of RAS inhibitors less accepted. Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides has been used to treat rheumatic disease over years in China, and has been demonstrated to have the effect of reducing proteinuria and alleviate edema in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Methods
This is an open-labeled, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Twenty patients with IMN who meet the inclusive criteria will be randomly assigned into the intervention group and the control group at a rate of 1:1. The intervention group was treated with tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides tablets (1-1.5mg/kg body weight, oral administration after three meals) in addition to the original dose of ACEi/ARB, while the control group continued with the original dose of ACEi/ARB. The treatment course is six months, and the clinical data of patients will be collected at baseline and at each monthly follow-up. The primary outcome measure is the absolute value of relative baseline decrease of urinary protein quantity after six months treatment. The secondary outcome measures include absolute value of relative baseline decrease of ACR in morning urine after 6 months treatment, the percentage of patients who reached the standard of effective clinical treatment, and complex renal end point events. Safety outcome measures include the incidence of adverse events, the incidence of serious adverse events, changes in laboratory safety indicators, and death.
Discussion
This study aims to provide higher-level evidence of evidence-based medicine for tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides in the treatment of this disease, and hopefully has important significance for clinicians who are to make therapeutic decisions of IMN.
Trial Registration:
This trial has been prospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identifier# ChiCTR2100048382) on 6 July 2021.
Trial status:
Recruiting. Recruitment is expected to be completed in June 2020.
Measured distribution of cloud chamber tracks from radioactive decay: a new empirical approach to investigating the quantum measurement problem
Authors: Schonfeld Jonathan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Using publically available video of a cloud chamber with a very small radioactive source, I measure the spatial distribution of where tracks start, and consider possible implications. This is directly relevant to the quantum measurement problem and its possible resolution, and appears never to have been done before. The raw data are relatively uncontrolled, leading to caveats that should guide future, more tailored experiments. Track distributions from decays in cloud chambers represent a previously unappreciated way to probe the foundations of quantum mechanics, and a novel case of wavefunctions with macroscopic signatures.
Measured distribution of cloud chamber tracks from radioactive decay: a new empirical approach to investigating the quantum measurement problem
Authors: Schonfeld Jonathan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Using publically available video of a cloud chamber with a very small radioactive source, I measure the spatial distribution of where tracks start, and consider possible implications. This is directly relevant to the quantum measurement problem and its possible resolution, and appears never to have been done before. The raw data are relatively uncontrolled, leading to caveats that should guide future, more tailored experiments. Results suggest a modification to Born’s rule at very small wavefunction. Track distributions from decays in cloud chambers represent a previously unappreciated way to probe the foundations of quantum mechanics, and a novel case of wavefunctions with macroscopic signatures.
Binding Efficacy of Clay Binders in Optimized Ash-Based Vitamin-Mineral Block Licks for Cattle
Authors: Mutore Rachel , Madzimure James , Mpofu Irvin D.T , Bangira Courage 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
An experiment was done to fabricate summer and winter optimized ash-based vitamin-mineral block lick specimens using cement, bentonite, kaolinite and a combination of these as binders in a ratio of 1:1(w/w) at 15% and 20% inclusion levels, respectively. Treatments were: cement, bentonite, kaolinite, bentonite + cement, bentonite + kaolinite and cement + kaolinite. Bentonite, kaolinite and ash (prime ingredient) were analyzed for mineral profile prior to fabrication. Resulting block specimens were analyzed for compressive strength and water absorption as a measure of the binding efficacy. There was no significant difference (P>0.001) in compressive strength (525± 11.43kPa) for cement and bentonite + cement summer blocks. Compressive strength was significantly higher (P<0.001) in winter block specimens made from the combination of cement and bentonite (47.33± 1.37 kPa). Clays as sole binder could not agglutinate winter blocks. Summer block specimens comprising of cement had the significantly least (P<0.001) water absorption value (1.40 ± 0.923%). Therefore, cement can be combined with bentonitic clay at a ratio of 1:1 summer block licks (500kPa) and winter block licks (39 ± 1 .37kPa) of desirable strength that animals can lick slowly.
Adapting and Usability Testing of an eLearning Resource to Enhance Healthcare Professional Provision of Sexual Support Across Cancer Care
Authors: Bingham Sharon , Semple Cherith Jane , Flannagan Carrie , Dunwoody Lynn 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To adapt the theory-driven and positively evaluated Maximising Sexual Wellbeing| Prostate Cancer (MSW|PC) eLearning resource to an eLearning resource suitable for health professionals (HPs) working with mixed cancer populations; followed by usability and acceptability testing. Methods: Guided by Person-Based Approach (PBA) and Biopsychosocial Model, the MSW|PC was adapted by combining evidence from the literature, an expert group (n=27: patients, partners and HPs working in cancer care) and the research team. New content was developed relevant for a mixed cancer population. The Maximising Sexual Wellbeing| Cancer Care (MSW|CC) eLearning prototype was usability tested and modified with HPs using ‘think aloud’ interviews (n=18). Results: Many identified sexual challenges were common across cancer populations, with additional information required for breast, colorectal, gynaecological, head and neck and prostate cancers. During the testing phase, navigational difficulties were identified and resolved. HPs reported the MSW|CC as engaging, informative, relevant with helpful communication and signposting tools to support practice.Conclusion: This systematic and iterative PBA, yielded important insights to enhance the content and usability of MSW|CC. This novel resource provides HPs working across cancer care with tools to potentially address the gap in knowledge and skills and positively impact future sexual healthcare provision across cancer care.
Quantitative Assessment of Climate Change Impacts On Forest Ecosystem
Authors: Liu Dan , Yan Hao , Yu Cheng long , Yin Shi Ping , Wang Cheng Wei , Gong Li Juan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Characterizing and predicting the response of terrestrial ecosystems to global change is one of the key challenges of contemporary ecology and ecological conservation. The impact of climate change on forest ecosystem has been widely studied, but it rarely uses method of multi-index fusion for quantitative evaluation. In this study, forest ecosystem in Heilongjiang Province was investigated. Based on remote sensing, meteorological observation, ground survey, geographic information, MAXENT model, CASA model, carbon sequestration potential model of Zhou Guangsheng-Zhang Xinshi, pixel dichotomy model and Savitzky Golay Filter model were used. On this basis, we analysed the change characteristics of forest distribution, net primary productivity and vegetation coverage. We also established a model for evaluating the impact of forest ecosystem change on climate, and made a quantitative assessment of the impact on climate. Our results indicate the following: (1) From 2001 to 2019, the forest area in Heilongjiang Province ranged from 2.34 × 105 to 2.46 × 105 km2, the forest NPP ranged from 40.48 to 555.32 gC/m2/a, and the vegetation coverage ranged from 42.42% to 67.64%, both of which showed a significant upward trend; (2) The values of forest ecological role were significantly positively correlated with the climatic potential; (3) The results of climate impact assessment of forest ecosystem change showed the contribution rate of climate change to forest ecosystem change was negatively correlated with forest coverage, which varied from 4.79% to 18.07% in different regions (cities) of the province. This study contribute to improving evaluating influence of climate change on forest ecosystem.
Preventive Effect of 20 mEq and 8 mEq Magnesium Supplementation On Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Miyoshi Takanori , Hayashi Toshinobu , Uoi Miyuki , Omura Fuyuki , Tsumagari Kyouichi , Maesaki Sachi , Yokota Chiaki , Nakano Takafumi , Egawa Takashi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The protective effect of magnesium (Mg) supplementation against cisplatin (CDDP)-induced nephrotoxicity has been widely described; however, the optimal dose of Mg supplementation is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 20 mEq of Mg supplementation is more effective than 8 mEq Mg in preventing CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, as well as the associated risk factors, in cancer patients treated with CDDP-based chemotherapy.
Methods
Pooled data of 272 patients receiving 20 mEq or 8mEq Mg supplementation to CDDP-based chemotherapy from a multicenter, retrospective, observational study were compared using propensity score matching. Separate multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors for renal failure induced by each treatment dose.
Results
There was no significant difference in the incidence of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity between the 8 mEq and 20 mEq groups (18.4% vs. 20.6%, P = 0.760). There was also no significant difference in the severity of nephrotoxicity, elevated serum creatinine levels, and decreased estimated creatinine clearance levels between the two groups. Cardiac disease and albumin levels were identified as independent risk factors for CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity.
Conclusion
We did not find an advantage of 20 mEq over 8 mEq Mg supplementation in terms of a preventive effect against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. The optimal dose of Mg supplementation for the prevention of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity remains unknown, and further studies are warranted.
Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases in Costa Rican Adults. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mora María del Rosario Espinoza , Murillo Alberto Alfaro , Schauer Christian , Mora Milena Castro , Salazar Nayely Marquez , Morice Mauricio Alfonso Herrera , Bratti María Paz León 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Up to date, neither in Costa Rica nor in Central America public registries regarding the prevalence and characterization of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) in adult patients exist. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features of patients diagnosed with primary and idiopathic immune disorders treated in two specialized immunodeficiency clinics in Costa Rica.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2017 and 2018, including 137 adult patients diagnosed with PID at two public hospitals in Costa Rica. To estimate a robust prevalence of PID in Costa Rica, a binomial model using a hyperparameter with a Poisson distribution was implemented in WinBUGS to fit a Bayesian model to approach a posterior distribution for the prevalence estimation.Results: Patients with PID showed a heterogeneous distribution and clinical course. Prevalence estimated resulted in a mean of 3.35 patients per 100,000 inhabitants in Costa Rica by 2018, with a 95% confidence interval of 2.98 to 4.15 patients per 100,000 inhabitants. A higher frequency of PID was observed in women and patients between 30 to 59 years of age. Humoral immunodeficiencies were predominant and most common immunodeficiency manifestations were recurrent infections and atopic syndrome. Most frequent comorbidities were dyslipidemia, acid peptic disease and hypertension.Conclusions: In this cohort, we found different clinical manifestations in comparison to other regions, highlighting the importance of a prompt diagnose of these entities in adults. Metabolic diseases were identified as common comorbidities in this group. Appropriate prevalence estimations can address diagnostic strategies.