bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Understanding of the Global Status of Major Bacterial Pathogens of Milk Concerning Bovine Mastitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Scientometrics)
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Paramanandham , Suresh Kuralayanapalya P. , Jayamma Kavitha S. , Shome Bibek R. , Patil Sharanagouda S. , Amachawadi Raghavendra G. 
Published: April 2021

In this study, the major mastitis pathogen prevalence in the cattle and buffalo of the world was estimated by a meta-analysis. Staphylococcus (S) species, Streptococcus (St) species, and Escherichia coli (Ec) prevalence studies reported during 1979–2019 were collected using online databases, and offline resources. A meta-analysis of these data was done with the meta package in R-Software. The Staphylococcus aureus was the major mastitis pathogen, mostly causing subclinical mastitis, Ec causing clinical mastitis and St causing subclinical and clinical mastitis. The pooled prevalence estimates of S, St, and Ec were 28%, 12%, and 11% in the world from 156, 129, and 92 studies, respectively. The S, St, and Ec prevalences were high in Latin America (51%), Oceania (25%), and Oceania (28%), respectively. Higher S, St, and Ec prevalences were observed by molecular methods, signifying high sensitivity and usefulness for future studies. Among bacterial species, S. aureus (25%) followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (20%), Escherichia coli (11%), St. agalactiae (9%), St. uberis (9%) were the important pathogens present in the milk of the world. We hypothesize that there is a urgent need to reduce mastitis pathogen prevalence by ensuring scientific farm management practices, proper feeding, therapeutic interventions to augment profits in dairying, and improving animal and human health.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN KOMIMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABLE MODERASI
Authors: Baihaqi Muhammad Iqbal , Paulus Aditya Christian 
Published: April 2021

Manajemen Sumber Daya manusia adalah sebuah faktor yang sangat penting dalam perusahaan. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan peningkatan kinerja karyawan dalam perusahaan. Variabel yang sangat berperan pada peningkatan kinerja yaitu motivasi yang dimoderasi komitmen kerja. PT x merupakan perusahaan padat karya yang bergerak di bidang ekspor pakaian. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PT x untuk mengetahui besaran pengaruh motivasi karyawan terhadap kinerja karyawan yang dimoderasi dengan komitmen karyawan secara parsial dan simultan. Ada dua model penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yakni metode deskriptif dan metode verifikatif. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT x yang berjumlah 100 jiwa yang dipilih secara acak. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kinerja dan motivasi di PT x dikatakan baik, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawanyang dimoderasi komitmen kerja terhadap performansi baik secara parsial maupun simultan.
Representation of actors and sources (Technology Coverage)
Authors: Gurr Gwendolin , Metag Julia 
Published: April 2021

Analyzing which actors or sources are cited in the news media coverage allows for carving out different perspectives that are represented in the media coverage. Studies thus analyze which types of actors are cited by journalists to what extent. In technology coverage, actors from the domain of science, politics, NGOs, industry and citizens are often mentioned.

Field of application/theoretical foundation:
The analysis of the representation of actors is based on the assumption that journalists choose actors as sources purposefully and thereby attribute relevance to them. Those actors cited in the journalistic coverage have more opportunities to present their arguments and are thus more visible in the public discourse. Actors are also analyzed within framing analysis (Entman, 1993) and analyses of discourses in various domains.

Example studies:
Metag & Marcinkowski (2014); Nisbet & Lewenstein (2002)

Information on Metag & Marcinkowski, 2014
Authors: Julia Metag, Frank Marcinkowski
Research question/research interest: “Does the concept of a journalistic negativity bias apply to the media coverage of nanotechnology?”
Object of analysis: German speaking daily newspapers: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Süddeutsche Zeitung, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Tagesanzeiger, Standard, Presse
Time frame of analysis: 2000-2009

Information on Nisbet & Lewenstein, 2002
Authors: Matthew C. Nisbet, Bruce V. Lewenstein
Research question/research interest: trends in media coverage of biotechnology
Object of analysis: New York Times and Newsweek
Time frame of analysis: 1970-1999

Information about variable

Authors

Variable name/definition

Level of analysis

Values

Scale level

Reliability

Metag & Marcinkowski (2014)

the three most prominent actors cited

article

scientists
economic actors
journalists

nominal

N/A

Nisbet & Lewenstein (2002)

featured actors (up to 2 actors per article)

article

government affiliated
general (the public, the media)
science or medicine
industry
other interests

(in addition: further subcategories)

nominal

intercoder reliability for two groups (Team A: r = .43; Team B: r = 48)

References
Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43, 51­58.
Metag, Julia; Marcinkowski, Frank (2014): Technophobia towards emerging technologies? A comparative analysis of the media coverage of nanotechnology in Austria, Switzerland and Germany. In: Journalism 15(4), 463-481.
Nisbet, Matthew C.; Lewenstein, Bruce V. (2002): Biotechnology and the American Media. The Policy Process and the Elite Press, 1970 to 1999. In: Science Communication 23 (4), 359–391.
Kristalinitas Abu Vulkanik Gunung Soputan dan Implikasinya Terhadap Perilaku Eksplosif pada Erupsi Tahun 2016 dan 2018
Authors: Bobanto Maria D. , Ferdy Ferdy , Pasau Guntur , Tampemawas D.D , Saefuloh A. , Pandara Dolfie P 
Published: April 2021

Gunung Soputan adalah gunung basaltik dengan tipe erupsi eksplosif. Tipikal eksplosif berkaitan dengan karakter magma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kristalinitas abu vulkanik Gunung Soputan tahun 2016 dan 2018 dan implikasinya terhadap perilaku eksplosifnya. Kristalinitas abu vulkanik dikarakterisasi menggunakan peralatan difraktometer sinar X. Indeks kristalinitas dikalkulasi menggunakan persamaan Soltys dan ukuran kristal dikomputasi dengan persamaan Debye-Scherrer. Morfologi partikel abu dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa abu Soputan tahun 2016 dan 2018 memiliki indeks kristalinitas yang tinggi dan mengandung sejumlah kristal berukuran kecil serta memiliki dua bentuk morfologi yaitu bentuk padat dan blok bervesikular untuk abu hasil erupsi 4 Januari 2016, dan bentuk padat dan blok untuk abu hasil erupsi 6 Februari 2016 dan 3 Oktober 2018. Kristalinitas yang tinggi menyebabkan magma Soputan memiliki viskositas yang memadai untuk terjadinya erupsi yang eksplosif. Karakter eksplosif Gunung Soputan terekam dalam morfologi abu vulkaniknya.Kata kunci: Abu vulkanik; erupsi eksplosif; fragmentasi getas; indeks kristalinitasCristallinity of Volcanic Ash of Mount Soputan and Its Implication to Explosive Behaviour on Eruption of 2016 and 2018ABSTRACTMount Soputan is a basaltic mountain with an explosive eruption type. Typical explosives relate to the character of the magma. This study aims to examine the crystallinity of Mount Soputan's volcanic ash in 2016 and 2018 and its implications for its explosive behavior. The crystallinity of volcanic ash was characterized using an X-ray diffractometer. The crystallinity index was calculated using the Soltys equation and the crystal size computed using the Debye-Scherrer equation. The morphology of the ash particles was characterized using SEM. The characterization results show that the 2016 and 2018 Soputan ash has a high crystallinity index and contains a number of small crystals and has two morphological forms, namely solid form and vesicular block for ash from the eruption on January 4, 2016, and solid and block form for eruption ash 6 February 2016 and October 3 2018. High crystallinity causes the Soputan magma to have sufficient viscosity for explosive eruptions. The explosive character of Mount Soputan is recorded in the morphology of its volcanic ash.Keywords: Brittle fragmentation; crystallinity index; explosive eruption; volcanic ash
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Rumput Laut Eucheuma spinosum Segar dari Perairan Pulau Nain Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Damongilala Lena Jeane , Losung Fitje , Dotulong Verly 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian terhadap ekstrak metanol, fraksi etil asetat, dan fraksi butanol dari rumput laut Eucheuma spinosum menggunakan metode Disc Diffusion Test dilakukan untuk mengetahui peranannya sebagai antibakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Sebagai kontrol digunakan ekstrak (negatif) pelarut metanol, dan Amoxicilin. Konsentrasi sampel uji ditetapkan 10.000 ppm. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Besarnya zona hambat secara berurutan untuk ekstrak metanol, fraksi butanol, dan fraksi etil asetat, ialah : 6,98 mm, 7,85 mm, dan 7,88 mm. Nilai zona hambat tersebut, relatif sama untuk setiap sampel uji. Sampel uji juga menunjukkan terdapat aktivitas antibakteri, ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Besarnya zona hambat secara berurutan untuk ekstrak metanol, fraksi butanol, fraksi etil asetat, dan kontrol negatif pelarut metanol, ialah : 7,42 mm, 14.40 mm, 7,90 mm, dan 6,75 mm. Zona hambat fraksi butanol lebih tinggi dibanding yang lain, ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada fraksi butanol lebih tinggi dibanding fraksi lainnya.Kata kunci: Antibakteri; Eucheuma spinosum; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus Antibacteria Activities of Extract Sea Algae Eucheuma spinosum Fresh from Nain Island Waters North Sulawesi ABSTRACTA research on antibacterial activity of methanol extract, ethyl acetate, and butanol fraction from Eucheuma spinosum seaweed using the disc diffusion method to know the role as antibacterial activity was tested against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. Methanol was used as negative control while amoxicillin was used as positive control. The concentration of the test sample was set at 10,000 ppm. The antibacterial activity was indicated by the formation of an inhibition zone against the tested microorganisms. The inhibition zones against E.coli for methanol extract, butanol fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction were 6.98 mm, 7.85 mm, and 7.88 mm, respectively. The value of the zone of inhibition is relatively the same for each sample. In addition, the inhibition zones of methanol extract, butanol and ethyl acetate fraction against Staphylococcus aureus were 7.42 mm, 14.40 mm, 7.90 mm, and 6.75 mm, respectively. The inhibition zone of the butanol fraction is higher than the others, this indicated that the antibacterial activity for butanol fraction is higher than other fractions. Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Eucheuma spinosum; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT PADA PASIEN PPOK (PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKTIF KRONIS) DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RSUP PROF. DR. R.D. KANDOU MANADO
Authors: Hathasary Rochmat Hidayat , Wiyono Weny , Mpila Deby Afriani 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease characterized by limited airflow in the airways that is not completely reversible and is progressive. The accuracy of drug use in this study is that patients receive treatment which is then evaluated for its accuracy based on the right category of indication, right drug, right patient, and right dose. This study aims to identify the characteristics and presentation of the accuracy of drug use in COPD patients. This study is a descriptive study with retrospective data collection from 30 medical records of COPD patients for the period July - September 2020. The results of the study based on the characteristics of COPD patients showed that the number of male patients was greater than that of women, namely 23 patients (76.67%) and The highest number of patients was in the 56-65 years age group of 13 patients (43.33%). Diseases of the digestive system were the most common comorbidities found in 2 patients (6.67%) and 3-4 drugs were prescribed more, namely in 16 patients (53.34%). The percentage of accuracy of drug use consisted of 93.33% right indication, 53.33% right drug, 100% correct patient, and 96.67% correct dose. Keywords: drug evaluation , COPD, outpatient ABSTRAKPenyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronik (PPOK) adalah penyakit paru kronik yang ditandai dengan keterbatasan aliran udara di dalam saluran napas yang tidak sepenuhnya reversible dan bersifat progresif. Ketepatan penggunaan obat dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien menerima pengobatan yang kemudian di evaluasi ketepatannya berdasarkan kategori tepat indikasi, tepat obat, tepat pasien, dan tepat dosis.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik dan presentasi ketepatan penggunaan obat pada pasien PPOK. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dari 30 catatan rekam medik pasien PPOK periode Juli - September 2020. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan karakteristik pasien PPOK menunjukkan jumlah pasien laki-laki lebih banyak dibanding perempuan yaitu sebesar 23 pasien (76,67%) dan jumlah pasien terbanyak pada kelompok usia 56-65 tahun sebesar 13 pasien (43,33%). Penyakit pada sistem pencernaan merupakan penyakit penyerta terbanyak yang ditemukan pada 2 pasien (6,67%) dan 3-4 obat diresepkan lebih banyak yaitu pada 16 pasien (53,34%). Persentase ketepatan penggunaan obat terdiri dari tepat indikasi 93,33%, tepat obat 53,33%, tepat pasien 100%, dan tepat dosis 96,67%. Kata kunci: Evaluasi Obat, PPOK, rawat jalan
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN LOGISTIK OBAT DI INSTALASI FARMASI RS ELIM RANTEPAO TORAJA UTARA
Authors: Liling Yessi , Citraningtyas Gayatri , Jayanti Meilani 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Drug logistics management is an application of management principles in logistics activities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the suitability of drug logistics management at the Pharmacy Installation of Elim Rantepao Hospital Toraja Utara against the Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 72 of 2016 on Hospital Pharmaceutical Service Standards. The method used in this research is descreptive qualitative. Data collection in this study was conducted by interview and observation. The results of this study prove drug vacancies often occur due to the distance between drug distributors, and well as inadequate pharmaceutical warehouse facilities. This study concluded that the management of drug logistics at IFRS Elim Rantepao Toraja Utara is not yet in accordance with Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 72 of 2016 on Hospital Pharmaceutical Service Standards. Keywords: Management, drug logistics, Pharmacy, Hospital ABSTRAK Manajemen logistik obat adalah suatu penerapan prinsip-prinsip manajemen adalam kegiatan logistik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisis kesesuaian manajemen logistik obat di Instalasi Farmasi RS Elim Rantepao Toraja Utara terhadap Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 72 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian Rumah Sakit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskreptif. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa sering terjadi kekosongan obat disebabkan jarak distributor obat yang jauh, dan fasilitas gudang yang tidak memadahi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan logistik obat di IFRS Elim Rantepao Toraja Utara belum sesuai dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 72 tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian Rumah Sakit. Kata kunci: Manajemen, logistik obat, Farmasi, Rumah Sakit
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA DARI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI ASCIDIAN Herdmania momus DARI PERAIRAN PULAU BANGKA LIKUPANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium DAN Candida albicans
Authors: Wendersteyt Novira Vita , Wewengkang Defny S. , Abdullah Surya Sumantri 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Ascidian is one of the components of coral reefs known as a potential source of exploration for the search for new bioactive compounds as potential drugs for the pharmaceutical world. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts and fractions of Ascidian Herdmania momus collected from the waters of Bangka Island Likupang against the microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Candida albicans. Samples were extracted by maceration using ethanol and then fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform and methanol solvent, respectively. Antimicrobial activity test was carried out by agar diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer). The results showed that the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction, and methanol fraction were not active in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium but were quite active in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans in the chloroform and methanol fraction based on the Davis and Stout category. Keywords: Ascidian Herdmania momus, antimicrobial activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Candida albicans ABSTRAK Ascidian merupakan salah satu biota penyusun terumbu karang yang diketahui berpotensi sebagai sumber eksplorasi pencarian senyawa bioaktif baru sebagai calon obat untuk dunia Farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba dari ekstrak dan fraksi Ascidian Herdmania momus yang diambil dari perairan Pulau Bangka Likupang terhadap pertumbuhan mikroba Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, dan Candida albicans. Sampel diekstraksi dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut Etanol. Fraksinasi menggunakan pelarut n-Heksan, Kloroform dan Metanol. Uji aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar (Kirby dan Bauer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Etanol, fraksi n-Heksan, fraksi Kloroform, dan Fraksi Metanol tidak efektif menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba Staphylococcus aureus dan Salmonella typhimurium namun cukup efektif menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba Candida albicans pada fraksi Kloroform dan Metanol dengan kategori sedang berdasarkan teori Davis dan Stout. Kata Kunci: Ascidian Herdmania momus, aktivitas antimikroba, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Candida albicans
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN
Authors: Tulung Grace Laury , Bodhi Widdhi , Siampa Jainer Pasca 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Gotu Kola Leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) are known to contain flavonoid compound, and flavonoid are known to decrease blood glucose level by stimulating pancreas beta cells to produce insulin. The aim of this research is to find out wether the ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) has the antidiabetic effectiveness or not. This research used Completely Randomized Design method. There were 15 rats used in this research that were split into 5 groups that is negative control (Aquadest), positive control (Metformin), and ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf with the dosage of 5.4 mg;10.8 mg;21.6 mg. The acquired data were analyzed with ANOVA test and LSD test. The analysis result showed that ethanol extract of gotu kola leaf had antidiabetic effectiveness against male white rat. Keywords: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetic, Rattus norvegicus ABSTRAK Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) diketahui mengandung zat flavonoid, dimana flavonoid telah diketahui mempunyai kemampuan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan merangsang sel beta pankreas untuk memproduksi insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efekivitas antidiabetes. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Tikus yang digunakan sebanyak 15 ekor dan dibagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (aquadest), kontrol positif (metformin), dan ekstrak etanol daun pegagan dengan dosis 5,4 mg; 10,8 mg; 21,6 mg. Data yang ada dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji LSD. Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun pegagan memiliki efektivitas antidiabetes terhadap tikus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus). Kata kunci: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, antidiabetes, Rattus norvegicus
IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER BAKTERI DALAM FESES KUCING (Felis domestica) YANG DITUMBUHKAN PADA DE MANN ROGOSA SHARPE AGAR (MRSA)
Authors: Mende Pingkan Stela , Pelealu Johanis , Kolondam Beivy 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTBacteria has many important role in the digestive tract of animals. Beneficial bacteria in the digestive tract are thought to be able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, while pathogenic bacteria can cause diseases and infections. This research aimed to grow bacteria living in cat feces and to identify it with molecular method. This study used moleculer identification based on 16S rRNA gene as marker. There were three isolate if bacteria taken from the culture. Two isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecalis (with 99% and 100% in similarity compared with GenBank database). One isolate was identified as Kurthia gibsonii (100% in similarity). Keywords: Bacteria, cat feces, MRS Agar, gen 16s rRNA ABSTRAKBakteri memiliki peran penting dalam saluran pencernaan hewan. Bakteri yang menguntungkan dalam saluran pencernaan dianggap mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen, sedangkan bakteri yang merugikan dalam saluran pencernaan hewan dianggap mampu menyebabkan penyakit dan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan bakteri-bakteri yang ada dalam feses kucing dan mengidentifikasikannya dengan metode molekuler. Penelitian ini menggunakan identifikasi molekuler berdasarkan gen 16S rRNA sebagai penanda. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan tiga isolat bakteri. Dua diantaranya teridentifikasi sebagai Enterococcus faecalis (kemiripan 99% dan 100% dengan yang ada di GenBank). Satu isolat teridentifikasi sebagai Kurthia gibsonii (kemiripan 100%).