bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nodal superconductivity and superconducting domes in the topological Kagome metal CsV3Sb5
Authors: Li Shiyan , Zhao ChengCheng , Wang Linshu , Xia Wei , Yin Qiangwei , Ni Jiamin , Huang Yeyu , Tu Chengpeng , Tao Zicheng , Tu Zhijun , Gong Chunsheng , Lei Hechang , Guo Yanfeng , Yang Xiaofan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recently superconductivity was discovered in the Kagome metal AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, and Cs), which has an ideal Kagome lattice of vanadium1-4. These V-based superconductors also host charge density wave (CDW)5 and topological nontrivial band structure2,6, thus provide a great platform to study the interplay of superconductivity, CDW, frustration, and topology. Here we report the ultralow-temperature thermal conductivity and high pressure resistance measurements on CsV3Sb5 with Tc ≈ 2.5 K, the highest among AV3Sb5. A finite residual linear term of thermal conductivity at zero magnetic field and its rapid increase in fields suggest nodal superconductivity. By applying pressure, the Tc of CsV3Sb5 increases first, then decreases to lower than 0.3 K at 11.4 GPa, demonstrating a clear first superconducting dome peaked around 0.8 GPa. Above 11.4 GPa, superconductivity re-emerges, showing a second superconducting dome. Both nodal superconductivity and superconducting domes point to unconventional superconductivity in this V-based superconductor. While our finding of nodal superconductivity puts a strong constrain on the pairing state of the first dome, which should be related to the CDW instability, the superconductivity of the second dome may present another exotic pairing state in this ideal Kagome lattice of vanadium.
Antithrombotic Drugs Have A Minimal Effect on Intraoperative Blood Loss During Emergency Surgery for Generalized Peritonitis: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study In Japan
Authors: Matsuoka Tadashi , Ichihara Nao , Shinozaki Hiroharu , Kobayashi Kenji , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Kimura Toshimoto , Kitagawa Yuko , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Miyata Hiroaki , Sasaki Junichi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:The effect of antithrombotic drugs on intraoperative operative blood loss volume in patients undergoing emergency surgery for generalized peritonitis is not well defined. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether antithrombotic drugs affect intraoperative blood loss in generalized peritonitis using a nationwide surgical registry in Japan.Method:This retrospective cohort study used a nationwide surgical registry data from 2011 to 2017 in Japan. Propensity score matching for the use of antithrombotic drugs was used for the adjustment of age, gender, comorbidities, frailty, preoperative patient’s state, types of surgery, surgical approach, laboratory data, and others. The main outcome was intraoperative blood loss: comparison of intraoperative blood loss; adjusted ratio of intraoperative blood loss after adjustment for confounding factors; variable importance of all covariates.Results: A total of 70,105 of the eligible 75,666 patients were included in this study, and 2,947 patients were taking antithrombotic drugs. Propensity score matching yielded 2,864 well-balanced pairs. There was a statistically difference in the blood loss. (antithrombotic drugs vs control: 100 [10-349] vs 70 [10-299] ml, p<0.01). After adjustment for confounding factors, the use of antithrombotic drugs was related to a 1.30-fold increase in intraoperative blood loss compared to non-use of antithrombotic drugs (95% CI, 1.16 – 1.45). The variable importance revealed that the effect of the use of antithrombotic drugs was minimal compared with surgical approach or type of surgery.Conclusion:This study shows that while taking antithrombotic drugs is associated with a slight increase in intraoperative blood loss in emergency surgery for generalized peritonitis, the difference is negligible and not clinically significant.
Variations of Bacterial and Archaeal Community Structure and Diversity Along Soil Profiles in a Peatland in Southwest China
Authors: Li Wei , Luo Mingmo , Shi Rui , Feng Defeng , Yang Zhenan , Chen Huai , Hu Bin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As bacteria and archaea are key components in the ecosystem, their alterations along soil profiles are important in understanding the biogeochemical cycles in peatland. However, little is known about the vertical distribution patterns of bacteria and archaea along the Bitahai peatland, as well as their relationship to soil chemical properties. Here, sequencing of 16S rRNA genes (Illumina, MiSeq) was used to analyze bacterial and archaeal abundance, diversity, and composition across 0-100 cm of the soil. Soil pH, total C, N, and P concentrations and stoichiometric ratios also were estimated. Results revealed that total C and total N contents, as well as C:P and N:P ratios, significantly increased with increasing peatland depths, while total P decreased. The top three dominant phyla were Proteobacteria (39.64%), Acidobacteria (12.93%), and Chloroflexi (12.81%) in bacterial communities, and were Crenarchaeota (58.67%), Thaumarchaeota (14.34%), and Euryarchaeota (10.82%) in archaeal communities in the Bitahai peatland, respectively. The total relative abundance of the methanogenic groups and ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms all significantly decreased with soil depths. Both bacterial and archaeal diversity were greatly affected by the soil depths. Soil C, N, and P concentrations and stoichiometric ratios markedly impacted the community structure and diversity just in archaea, not in bacteria. Therefore, these results highlighted that the microbial community structure and diversity depended on soil depths, and the affecting factors for bacteria and archaea were different in the peatlands.
Edge Finishing of Large Turbine Casings Using Defined Multiedge And Abrasive Tools In Automated Cells
Authors: Rodríguez Adrian , González Mikel , Pereira Octavio , Lacalle Luis Norberto López de , Esparta Mikel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Automate finishing processes is a global challenge in several industrial sectors. Concretely, when dealing with aero-engine components, only simple finishing processes were automated nowadays. Most of the high-added value components manufactured are finished hand working, using deburring and polishing manual techniques. The driver of the proposed work is to achieve the necessary knowledge to introduce in a production line a complete and finishing process for automated robotic deburring applications with low machinability materials (Inconel 718 in the case of study) on aero-engine casings with complex geometries: extruded casting bosses, internal features, etc. For this purpose, a three-step methodology is presented and analysed, providing a feasible workflow combining multi-edge solid tools and flexible abrasive tools to automate finishing operations taking account all the process drawbacks and peculiarities. Results show that using the correct techniques, processes and parameters, an automated finishing process that reduces operating time can be implemented in production lines.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis from the health providers’ perspective: strategies for compliance and equity in seeking the care in COVID-19 era (Brazil, 2020)
Authors: Souza Ludmilla Leidianne Limirio , Santos Felipe Lima dos , Crispim Juliane de Almeida , Fiorati Regina Célia , Dias Sónia , Bruce Alexandre Tadashi Inomata , Alves Yan Mathias , Ramos Antônio Carlos Vieira , Berra Thaís Zamboni , Costa Fernanda Bruzadelli Paulino , Alves Luana Seles , Monroe Aline Aparecida , Fronteira Inês , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) itself is a serious phenomenon on a global scale that can worsen with the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to understand the perception of health professionals about multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, their strategies to ensure adherence to treatment and the challenges in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, in a priority municipality for disease control in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study and recruited fourteen health professionals, four doctors, three nurses, three nursing technicians, three nursing assistants and a social worker, working in the Ribeirão Preto health system. Remote semi-structured interviews were conducted with these professionals. For data analysis, Thematic Content Analysis was applied according to the theoretical framework defined for the study. RESULTS: The findings showed the relationship between poverty, inequality and MDR-TB. Concerning the COVID-19 pandemic, reports from professionals show an interference in the monitoring of patients. As for social protection and the benefits that covered the patients, they were cut. Professionals also reported concerns about obtaining COVID-19 and adopting strategies to ensure adherence, as well as reinforcements of the DOTS strategy. CONCLUSION: The study advances in knowledge by highlighting the challenges faced by the health system for the adherence of MDR-TB patients in a context aggravated by Pandemic. The strategies defined by these health professionals have somehow guaranteed the achievement of equity and avoided the catastrophic encounter between TB-MDR and COVID-19.
Mental Health Monitoring System Using Facial Recognition, PEN Test and IQ Test
Authors: S Veena , Aravindhar John 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The human face is an important part of an individual’s body and plays an important role in knowing the individual’s mood. The face is where a human expresses all his basic emotions. In the existing system, they examine the mental state manually by assessing them but have many disadvantages like we cannot predict any accurate solutions based on the assessment score because we might be not sure what kind of emotions the human user would be all time. To overcome this problem, a novel system is proposed to suggest an effective solution for predicting the mental state dynamically, we propose a hybrid architecture invoking facial based emotion sequence, PEN test and IQ test. By consistent monitoring of a human’s emotion and subjecting to PEN and IQ tests, the human’s mental state is routed. Combination of the above three techniques provides promising results for mental state and self-control.
Acceptability of a Real-time Notification of Stress and Access to Self- Help Therapies Among Law Enforcement Officers
Authors: Jetelina Katelyn K , Molsberry Rebecca , Malthaner Lauren , Beauchamp Alaina , Cannell M. Brad , Hall Trina , Fowler Ed , Anderson Lonzo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Law enforcement officers (LEOs) are exposed to chronic stress throughout the course of their shift, which increases the risk of adverse events. Although there have been studies targeting LEO safety through enhanced training or expanded equipment provisions, there has been little attempt to leverage personal technology in the field to provide real-time notification of LEO stress. This study tests the acceptability of implementing of a brief, smart watch intervention to alleviate stress among LEOs. Methods: We assigned smart watches to 22 patrol LEOs across two police departments: one suburban department and one large, urban department. At baseline, we measured participants’ resting heart rates (RHR), activated their watches, and educated them on brief wellness interventions in the field. LEOs were instructed to wear the watch during the entirety of their shift for 30 calendar days. When LEO’s heart rate or stress continuum reached the predetermined threshold for more than 10 minutes, the watch notified LEOs, in real time, of two stress reduction interventions: (1) a 1-minute, guided breathing exercise; and (2) A Calm app, which provided a mix of guided meditations and mindfulness exercises for LEOs needing a longer decompression period. After the study period, participants were invited for semi-structured interviews to elucidate ease-of-use, behavior change, and potential scalability. Qualitative data were analyzed using an immersion-crystallization approach. Results: LEOs reported three particularly useful intervention components: 1) a vibration notification when hearts rates remained high, although receipt of a notification was highly variable; 2) visualization of their heart rate and stress continuum in real time; and, 3) breathing exercises. The most frequently reported type of call for service when the watch vibrated was when a weapon was involved or when a LEO was in pursuit of a murder suspect/hostage. LEOs also recollected that their watch vibrated while reading dispatch notes or while on their way to work.Conclusions: A smart watch can deliver access to brief wellness interventions in the field in a manner that is both feasible and acceptable to LEOs. Trial Registration: NA
Quantification of Tumor Micro-Environment Acidity in Glioblastoma Using Principal Component Analysis of Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-Enhanced MR Imaging and Machine Learning
Authors: Akbari Hamed , Kazerooni Anahita , Ware Jeffery B. , Mamourian Elizabeth , Anderson Hannah , Guiry Samantha , Sako Chiharu , Raymond Catalina , Yao Jingwen , Brem Steven , O'Rourke Donald M , Desai Arati S , Bagley Stephen J , Ellingson Benjamin M . , Davatzikos Christos , Nabavizadeh Ali 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) has high metabolic demands, which can lead to acidification of the tumor microenvironment. We hypothesize that a machine learning model built on temporal principal component analysis (PCA) of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion MRI can be used to estimate tumor acidity in GBM, as estimated by pH-sensitive amine chemical exchange saturation transfer echo-planar imaging (CEST-EPI). We analyzed 78 MRI scans in 32 treatment naïve and post-treatment GBM patients. All patients were imaged with DSC-MRI, and pH-weighting that was quantified from CEST-EPI estimation of the magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) at 3 ppm. Enhancing tumor (ET), non-enhancing core (NC), and peritumoral T2 hyperintensity (namely, edema, ED) were used to extract principal components (PCs) and to build support vector machines regression (SVR) models to predict MTRasym values using PCs. Our predicted map correlated with MTRasym values with Spearman’s r equal to 0.66, 0.47, 0.67, 0.71, in NC, ET, ED, and overall, respectively (p<0.006). The results of this study demonstrates that PCA analysis of DSC imaging data can provide information about tumor pH in GBM patients, with the strongest association within the peritumoral regions.
Organisational Factors Associated With Readiness to Implement a Preventive Intervention for Overweight and Obese Patients in Australian General Practice: a Mixed Methods Exploration From the HELP GP Trial.
Authors: Parker Sharon , Tran An , Saito Shoko , McNamara Carmel , Denney-Wilson Elizabeth , Nutbeam Don , Harris Mark 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Australian rates of obesity are increasing. General practice has a definite role to play in addressing obesity and preventing further chronic disease but relatively few encounters focus primarily on weight management. The HeLP GP trial assisted overweight and obese patients to make positive lifestyle changes to diet and physical activity and increase the capacity of practice nurses to deliver comprehensive weight management. The nurse led intervention comprised a health check and access to a lifestyle app and/or telephone coaching. Within this paper we describe the experience of implementing this intervention through the lens of organisational readiness with specific emphasis on the role of the practice nurse. Methods: Routinely collected research data, quantitative practice surveys, and qualitative field notes from research officers and facilitators were mapped against a recognised organisational readiness framework. Motivation to implement, general capacity and intervention-specific capacity were assessed. Results: The level of organisational readiness within the participating practices was observed to vary considerably, particularly the domain of intervention specific capacity. The level of practice nurse turnover negatively impacted the implementation of the intervention, affecting half of the intervention practices. Within this study we observed a general lack of practice-based support for the practice nurse regarding intervention delivery and varying levels of interest, skill, and confidence in delivering the program to patients. Nurses struggled to complete the health checks and subsequently to conduct timely follow up appointments. Risk assessment and referral to telephone coaching were generally not problematic, although we noted lower confidence with the setup of the lifestyle app and with instructing patients to use it.Conclusions: Using an organisational readiness checklist is valuable for determining specific capacity issues prior to commencing research but should also assess the capacity of those individuals responsible for the intervention. We found a lack of general ‘readiness’ inherent in the practice nurse role. If they are to fulfil their potential in supporting patients to reduce risk and adopt healthier life choices, our study indicates that more could be done to improve their workforce positioning and remuneration, which may, in turn, improve continuity of care, retention, and individual motivation.Trial registration:The HeLP GP trial is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR - ACTRN12617001508369). The trial was registered 26/10/2017 http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12617001508369.aspx
Long-Term Survival of Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Severe COVID-19: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Penuelas Oscar , Campo-Albendea Laura del , Aledo Amanda Lesmes González de , Añón José Manuel , Rodríguez-Solís Carmen , Mancebo Jordi , Vera Paula , Ballesteros Daniel , Jimenez Jorge , Maseda Emilio , Figueira Juan Carlos , Franco Nieves , Algaba Ángela , Avilés Juan Pablo , Díaz Ricardo , Abad Beatriz , Canabal Alfonso , Abella Ana , Gordo Federico , García Javier , Suarez Jessica García , Cedeño Jamil , Martínez-Palacios Basilia , Manteiga Eva , Martínez Óscar , Blancas Rafael , Bardi Tommaso , Pestaña David , Lorente José Ángel , Muriel Alfonso , Esteban Andrés , Frutos-Vivar Fernando 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Information is lacking regarding long-term survival and predictive factors for mortality in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation. We aimed to estimate 90-day and 180-day survival of patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive ventilation and to develop a predictive model for intensive care unit mortality.Methods: Retrospective, multicentre, national cohort study between March 8 and April 30, 2020 in 16 intensive care units (ICU) in Spain. Participants were consecutive adults who received invasive mechanical ventilation for COVID–19. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection detected in positive testing of a nasopharyngeal sample and confirmed by real time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR). The primary outcomes were 90-day and 180-day survival after hospital admission. Secondary outcomes were length of ICU and hospital stay, and ICU and in-hospital mortality. A predictive model and a nomogram were developed to estimate the probability of ICU mortality. Results: 868 patients were included (median age, 64 years [interquartile range [IQR], 56-71 years]; 72% male). Severity at ICU admission, estimated by SAPS3, was 56 points [IQR 50-63]. Prior to intubation, 26% received some type of noninvasive respiratory support. The 90-day and 180-day survival rates were 69% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66%-72%) and 59% (95% CI 56%-62%) respectively. The predictive factors associated with ICU mortality were: age (odds ratio [OR] 1.049 [95% CI 1.032-1.066] per 1-year increase), SAPS3 (OR 1.025 [95% CI 1.008-1.041] per 1-point increase), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (OR 1.009 [95% CI 1.002-1.016]), a failed attempt of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation previous to orotracheal intubation(OR 2.131 [95% CI 1.279-3.550]), and use of selective digestive decontamination (OR 0.587 [95% CI 0.358-0.963]).Conclusion: The long-term survival of mechanically ventilated patients with severe COVID-19 reaches more than 50% and may help to provide individualized risk stratification and potential treatments.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04379258. Registered 10 April 2020 (retrospectively registered).
Regulatory Network of MiRNAs, IncRNAs, Transcription Factors and Target Genes Associated With Immune Response in Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Tucker Ashley R. , Salazar Nicole A. , Ayoola Adeola O. , Memili Erdoğan , Thomas Bolaji N. , Morenikeji Olanrewaju B. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Bovine mastitis is a mammary gland infectious disease caused by a variety of pathogens with a devasting economic impact worldwide. Pre- and post-transcriptional modifications, including transcription factors (TFs), altering gene expression are emerging foci of disease studies, with minimal studies revealing the importance of non-coding transcripts, like long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). We hypothesize TFs, lncRNAs and miRNAs can modulate the immune response in bovine mastitis and can potentially serve as disease biomarkers and/or drug targets.Methods: With computational analyses, we aimed to identify candidate bovine mastitis genes and construct the networks of miRNA, lncRNA and TFs regulating the gene’s mRNA, affecting disease pathogenesis. Experimentally validated genes associated with bovine mastitis were obtained through an extensive search for significantly mentioned genes, utilizing several databases. Prediction of miRNA and lncRNA binding bovine mastitis candidate genes were performed through several algorithms and software that relied on base pair complementation, evolutionary conservation, and thermodynamic stability of binding regions. Combined interactome network of lncRNAs, miRNAs, TFs and immune gene targets were constructed.Results: Sixteen of 923 genes were found to be highly significant in bovine mastitis disease pathway including, CD4, IL-10, IFNγ, IL-4, TLR4, TNFα, and CD14. Remarkably, we found six miRNAs, two being bta-miR-223 and bta-miR-24-3p, to bind to several targets. Eight out of 22 lncRNA, such as NONBTAT027932.1 and XR_003029725.1, were identified as regulatory elements that target the genes based on the normalized binding free energies ranging from -0.1774 to -2.875. Similarly identified were 17 TFs, including JUN and CREB. Our functional and pathway analyses revealed several pathways like lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway, regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production and regulation of IL-23 production among others. Conclusions: The overarching interactome in this study is the first of its kind regarding bovine mastitis, deserving further in vitro/in vivo explication for specific molecular regulatory mechanisms during bovine mastitis immune response, which could lay the foundation for development of disease markers and therapeutic intervention.