bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overview of the testing and assessment of effects of microbial pesticides on bees: strengths, challenges and perspectives
Authors: Borges Shannon , Alkassab Abdulrahim T. , Collison Elizabeth , Hinarejos Silvia , Jones Ben , McVey Emily , Roessink Ivo , Steeger Thomas , Sultan Maryam , Wassenberg Jacoba 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCurrently, there is a growing interest in developing biopesticides and increasing their share in the plant protection market as sustainable tools in integrated pest management (IPM). Therefore, it is important that regulatory requirements are consistent and thorough in consideration of biopesticides’ unique properties. While microbial pesticides generally have a lower risk profile, they present special challenges in non-target organism testing and risk assessment since, in contrast to chemical pesticides, their modes of action include infectivity and pathogenicity rather than toxicity alone. For this reason, non-target organism testing guidelines designed for conventional chemical pesticides are not necessarily directly applicable to microbial pesticides. Many stakeholders have recognised the need for improvements in the guidance available for testing microbial pesticides with honey bees, particularly given the increasing interest in development and registration of microbial pesticides and concerns over risks to pollinators. This paper provides an overview of the challenges with testing and assessment of the effects of microbial pesticides on honey bees (Apis mellifera), which have served as a surrogate for both Apis and non-Apis bees, and provides a foundation toward developing improved testing methods.
Rationalismus und Mystifikation: Zur formalen Pathetik des Dagegenseins
Authors: Schäfer Robert , Frei Nadine 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse der Interpretation qualitativer Interviews mit Corona-Kritiker:innen dar. Gefragt wurde nach den Formen der Gesellschaftskritik, die sich in den Interviews manifestieren. Die Analysen zeigen (1), dass die Kritik auf einem rationalistischen Verständnis von Krisenlösung beruht. Die Tatsache, dass die Corona-Krise aus dieser Sicht nicht rational bearbeitet wird, wird als Indiz dafür gesehen, dass damit grundsätzlich etwas nicht stimmen kann. Auf dieses Problem reagiert die conspirituality der Kritiker:innen, eine Kombination verschwörungstheoretischer und esoterischer Vorstellungen, deren Einheit im Interesse am Geheimnisvollen gründet. Die Analysen erlauben es, (2) den spezifischen Stil der Maßnahmenkritik als formale Pathetik zu bestimmen: Substanziell bleibt sie relativ leer, wird aber umso leidenschaftlicher vorgetragen. Die rhetorischen Mittel sind dafür das Ziehen möglichst drastischer Vergleiche, die Romantik des heroischen Widerstandskampfs sowie der Anspruch, sich für das Wohl der Kinder zu engagieren. Schließlich wird (3) eine gesellschaftstheoretische Einbettung der Maßnahmenkritik angeboten, die mit Eisenstadt davon ausgeht, dass die moderne Gesellschaft von einer Erosion der Grundlagen aller Gewissheit geprägt ist, was zu einem grundsätzlichen Glaubwürdigkeitsproblem führt, das sich im Verlust des Vertrauens in zentrale gesellschaftliche Institutionen (Politik, Wissenschaft, Medizin, Medien) ausdrückt. In geradezu idealtypischer Weise kommt dies in der Maßnahmenkritik zum Ausdruck.
One-sided violence aus handlungstheoretischer Perspektive – Eine Reflexion der Motive für Gewalt
Authors: Hanzel Michael 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungOne-sided violence hat sich in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten zur dominierenden Gewaltform in bewaffneten Konflikten weltweit entwickelt. Dabei blieb jedoch die Frage nach den Motiven für solches Verhalten bisher weitgehend unbelichtet. Im Rahmen dieses Artikels soll deshalb der Versuch unternommen werden, eine Typologie potenzieller Motive für Akte von one-sided violence zu entwickeln, mit dem Ziel der Schaffung einer theoretischen Basis für die handlungstheoretische Erschließung des Phänomens, als auch einer konzeptuellen Grundlage für weitere empirische Forschung auf diesem Gebiet. Dies geschieht dabei unter Bezugnahme auf die bereits in der Literatur existierenden, theoretischen Positionen zu Motivlagen von one-sided violence, als auch Max Webers „Bestimmungsgründe sozialen Handelns“. Im Rahmen des Artikels soll dabei versucht werden, beide Perspektiven gewinnbringend miteinander zu verbinden. Ziel des Artikels ist es den Möglichkeitsraum der Motive für Akte von one-sided violence handlungstheoretisch zu erschließen, sowie für zukünftige empirische Forschung theoretisch vorzustrukturieren.
Quality of FDM 3D Printed Medicines for Pediatrics: Considerations for Formulation Development, Filament Extrusion, Printing Process and Printer Design
Authors: Quodbach Julian , Bogdahn Malte , Breitkreutz Jörg , Chamberlain Rebecca , Eggenreich Karin , Elia Alessandro Giuseppe , Gottschalk Nadine , Gunkel-Grabole Gesine , Hoffmann Lena , Kapote Dnyaneshwar , Kipping Thomas , Klinken Stefan , Loose Fabian , Marquetant Tristan , Windolf Hellen , Geißler Simon , Spitz Tilmann 
Published: November 2021

Abstract3d printing is capable of providing dose individualization for pediatric medicines and translating the precision medicine approach into practical application. In pediatrics, dose individualization and preparation of small dosage forms is a requirement for successful therapy, which is frequently not possible due to the lack of suitable dosage forms. For precision medicine, individual characteristics of patients are considered for the selection of the best possible API in the most suitable dose with the most effective release profile to improve therapeutic outcome. 3d printing is inherently suitable for manufacturing of individualized medicines with varying dosages, sizes, release profiles and drug combinations in small batch sizes, which cannot be manufactured with traditional technologies. However, understanding of critical quality attributes and process parameters still needs to be significantly improved for this new technology. To ensure health and safety of patients, cleaning and process validation needs to be established. Additionally, adequate analytical methods for the in-process control of intermediates, regarding their printability as well as control of the final 3d printed tablets considering any risk of this new technology will be required. The PolyPrint consortium is actively working on developing novel polymers for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3d printing, filament formulation and manufacturing development as well as optimization of the printing process, and the design of a GMP-capable FDM 3d printer. In this manuscript, the consortium shares its views on quality aspects and measures for 3d printing from drug-loaded filaments, including formulation development, the printing process, and the printed dosage forms. Additionally, engineering approaches for quality assurance during the printing process and for the final dosage form will be presented together with considerations for a GMP-capable printer design.
Abjektion und existenzielle Krise
Authors: Schramm Tobias 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungJulia Kristevas Konzept der Abjektion, das sie in ihrer MonografiePowers of Horror. An Essay on Abjection(1982) vorstellt, wird in der Rezeption nicht selten mit Prozessen des Ausschlusses und der Exklusion gleichgesetzt – sei es auf innerpsychischer oder sozialer Ebene. Das ist zunächst nicht verwunderlich, spielt doch die Grenze und Grenzziehung in ihrem Werk eine entscheidende Rolle: Die Abjektion ist die Grundlage der Konstitution des Subjektes und damit auch der kulturellen Ordnung, die Subjekte hervorbringt. Nur durch die Grenzziehung, als Produkt der Abjektion, können Subjekte eine stabile Psyche und eine kulturelle Identität überhaupt erst entwickeln.Diese Lesart verkennt jedoch die grundlegende theoretische Anlage des Konzeptes bzw. wendet den Begriff bereits auf psychische, aber auch soziale Prozesse an, für welche die Abjektion zunächst erst einmal die Grundlage bildet: Bei der Abjektion, so meine Lesart des Begriffs, handelt es sich primär um dieHerstellungeiner Grenze. Erst die Herstellung einer Grenze bildet schließlich die Grundlage für Prozesse des Ausschlusses, und zwar sowohl in der frühkindlichen Subjektbildung als auch in der Etablierung kultureller Grenzziehungen und damit der Konstitution sozialer Ordnung. Das Erleben des Abjekten ist, so argumentiere ich in diesem Beitrag, im Grunde gleichzusetzen mit einer existenziellen Krise: Durch die Irritation ontologischer Grenzen findet sich das Subjekt in einem Zustand existenzieller Angst wieder.So bieten zahlreiche Ansätze wie etwa Kant, Kierkegaard oder Heidegger in ihren Begriffsinstrumentarien differenzierte Konzepte der ‚existenziellen Angst‘ bzw. einer existenziellen Krise an, die es ermöglichen, den speziellen psychologischen Zustand, den Kristeva mit dem Begriff des Abjekts adressiert, als existenzielle Angst oder Krise (bzw. als existenzielle Ungewissheit) zu verstehen.
Control of shock-induced vortex breakdown on a delta-wing-body configuration in the transonic regime
Authors: Kurade Rajan B. , Venkatakrishnan L. , Jagadeesh G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractShock-induced vortex breakdown, which occurs on the delta wings at transonic speed, causes a sudden and significant change in the aerodynamic coefficients at a moderate angle-of-attack. Wind-tunnel tests show a sudden jump in the aerodynamic coefficients such as lift force, pitching moment and centre of pressure which affect the longitudinal stability and controllability of the vehicle. A pneumatic jet operated at sonic condition blown spanwise and along the vortex core over a 60° swept delta-wing-body configuration is found to be effective in postponing this phenomenon by energising the vortical structure, pushing the vortex breakdown location downstream. The study reports that a modest level of spanwise blowing enhances the lift by about 6 to 9% and lift-to-drag ratio by about 4 to 9%, depending on the free-stream transonic Mach number, and extends the usable angle-of-attack range by 2°. The blowing is found to reduce the magnitude of unsteady pressure fluctuations by 8% to 20% in the aft portion of the wing, depending upon the method of blowing. Detailed investigations carried out on the location of blowing reveal that the blowing close to the apex of the wing maximises the benefits.
A survey of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–positive healthcare providers: Household prevention measures and stress early in the pandemic
Authors: Otero Sebastian , Mithal Leena B. , Khan Anum I. , Willnow Antonia S. , Patel Ami B. , Arshad Mehreen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Measures to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread to household members was assessed by surveying COVID-19–positive physicians and advanced practice providers. Showering and changing were more common than physical distancing. Half of respondents reported a symptomatic household member. Most reported increased stress, worsening of mental health, and concerns about illness and impact on family.
Benefit-Cost Analysis for Climate Action
Authors: Bureau Dominique , Quinet Alain , Schubert Katheline 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough a carbon value has often been integrated in the frameworks established to guide public decision-making, benefit-cost analysis (BCA) has played no more than a minor role in the design of climate policies. It is urgently necessary to promote BCA in this area, and there is currently a unique opportunity for doing so. Major countries are designing new packages in order to meet their commitments, as illustrated by the European Green Deal, recent decisions on the part of the Biden Administration, and the creation of a Chinese national carbon market. These constructive processes must be based on BCA. BCA is absolutely necessary in order to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 at a reasonable cost. Indeed, abatement costs across and within sectors, and across and within countries, are extremely heterogeneous, and many of the policy instruments in use (subsidies, feed-in tariffs, technical standards, etc.) overlap inefficiently. The instrumental debate between carbon pricing and other instruments is sterile if it merely remains at the level of stating principles. BCA can help on this point too, by specifying comparisons between alternatives, identifying complementarities, and selecting the most relevant combinations of instruments. Its scope should therefore range from setting benchmarks for carbon pricing to assessing, e.g., green investments or measures to enhance carbon sinks. When applied to decarbonization policies, BCA requires firstly the selection of a carbon value, in order to monetize the climate benefits of investments and policies. However, the whole assessment framework must be updated, including the time horizon, the discount rate, the cobenefits of climate mitigation actions, and the pricing of climate risks. We show that such an updated framework leads to an upward revision in the assessment of the climate benefits of mitigation actions, and that combining the valuation of damages and cost-effectiveness approaches is necessary in order to meet the needs of policy assessment. Finally, there is a need to extend analysis beyond the efficiency criterion in order to deal with other dimensions of climate policies, particularly their distributive impacts. This requires specific analyses, which should be articulated with BCA and carried out at an early stage for a better implementation of climate policies than we have seen to date.
Removing non-physical structure in fitted Faraday rotated signals: Non-parametric QU-fitting
Authors: Pratley Luke , Johnston-Hollitt Melanie , Gaensler Bryan M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Next-generation spectro-polarimetric broadband surveys will probe cosmic magnetic fields in unprecedented detail, using the magneto-optical effect known as Faraday rotation. However, non-parametric methods such as RMCLEAN can introduce non-observable linearly polarised flux into a fitted model at negative wavelengths squared. This leads to Faraday rotation structures that are consistent with the observed data, but would be impossible or difficult to measure. We construct a convex non-parametric QU-fitting algorithm to constrain the flux at negative wavelengths squared to be zero. This allows the algorithm to recover structures that are limited in complexity to the observable region in wavelength squared. We verify this approach on simulated broadband data sets where we show that it has a lower root mean square error and that it can change the scientific conclusions for real observations. We advise using this prior in next-generation broadband surveys that aim to uncover complex Faraday depth structures. We provide a public Python implementation of the algorithm at https://github.com/Luke-Pratley/Faraday-Dreams.
How to manage cultural space: An agonistic analysis of artistic moral rights
Authors: Crommelin Feyoena , Tans Olaf 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article analyzes the debate between the proponents and opponents of artistic moral rights and, more specifically, the right of integrity as recognized in the Berne Convention, with the aid of agonistic political theory. Envisaging art as a site of antagonistic struggle, the right of integrity is conceived of as a state-backed mandate to claim an inviolable place for artistic work, founded on a Romantic notion of authorship. The plea against the entrenchment of this right is considered a counter-hegemonic response that challenges this notion in favor of an unfettered development of art and its surrounding discourse. As such, this debate seems to revolve around a conflict of alleged interests – those of artists, of art’s public, and of art itself. It is argued that insights into the discursive behavior of rights, and, by extension, into the effect of rights discourses on antagonistic struggle, are needed to foster this debate.
Science, objectivity, and academic freedom in the twenty-first century
Authors: Joyce Rosemary A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe publication of a book in 2020 that argues against repatriation, on the grounds that it is incompatible with the necessary objectivity required for the production of scientific knowledge, raises issues that most scholars consider long settled. Rather than engage in a detailed review, this commentary revisits the reasons why claims of contributing to universal knowledge are insufficient to justify exploitation of the physical remains, and cultural property, of people who object to specific lines of research and reminds readers that academic freedom is a mitigated freedom that is rooted in responsibilities and norms agreed on within disciplines, all of which today accept repatriation as part of the necessary redress of legacies of exploitation.
Magnetic Domain State and Anisotropy in Hematite (α‐Fe2O3) From First‐Order Reversal Curve Diagrams
Authors: Roberts Andrew P. , Zhao Xiang , Hu Pengxiang , Abrajevitch Alexandra , Chen Yen‐Hua , Harrison Richard J. , Heslop David , Jiang Zhaoxia , Li Jinhua , Liu Qingsong , Muxworthy Adrian R. , Oda Hirokuni , O’Neill Hugh St. C. , Pillans Brad J. , Sato Tetsuro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHematite carries magnetic signals of interest in tectonic, paleoclimatic, paleomagnetic, and planetary studies. First‐order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams have become an important tool for assessing the domain state of, and magnetostatic interactions among, magnetic particles in such studies. We present here FORC diagrams for diverse hematite samples, which provide a catalog for comparison with other studies and explain key features observed for hematite. Ridge‐type signatures typical of uniaxial single‐domain particle assemblages and “kidney‐shaped” FORC signatures, and combinations of these responses, occur commonly in natural and synthetic hematite. Asymmetric features that arise from the triaxial basal plane anisotropy of hematite contribute to vertical spreading in kidney‐shaped FORC distributions and are intrinsic responses even for magnetostatically noninteracting particles. The dominant FORC distribution type in a sample (ridge, kidney‐shaped, or mixture) depends on the balance between uniaxial/triaxial switching. The identified signals explain magnetization switching and anisotropy features that are intrinsic to the magnetic properties of hematite and other materials with multiaxial magnetic anisotropy.
Reciprocal regulation of LOXL2 and HIF1α drives the Warburg effect to support pancreatic cancer aggressiveness
Authors: Li Rongkun , Li Hengchao , Zhu Lili , Zhang Xiaoxin , Liu Dejun , Li Qing , Ni Bo , Hu Lipeng , Zhang Zhigang , Zhang Yanli , Wang Xu , Jiang Shu-Heng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHypoxic microenvironment is common in solid tumors, particularly in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The Warburg effect is known to facilitate cancer aggressiveness and has long been linked to hypoxia, yet the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify that lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a hypoxia-responsive gene and is essential for the Warburg effect in PDAC. LOXL2 stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) from prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)-dependent hydroxylation via hydrogen peroxide generation, thereby facilitating the transcription of multiple glycolytic genes. Therefore, a positive feedback loop exists between LOXL2 and HIF1α that facilitates glycolytic metabolism under hypoxia. Moreover, LOXL2 couples the Warburg effect to tumor growth and metastasis in PDAC. Hijacking glycolysis largely compromises LOXL2-induced oncogenic activities. Collectively, our results identify a hitherto unknown hypoxia-LOXL2-HIF1α axis in regulating the Warburg effect and provide an intriguing drug target for PDAC therapy.
An atlas of protein turnover rates in mouse tissues
Authors: Rolfs Zach , Frey Brian L. , Shi Xudong , Kawai Yoshitaka , Smith Lloyd M. , Welham Nathan V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProtein turnover is critical to cellular physiology as well as to the growth and maintenance of tissues. The unique synthesis and degradation rates of each protein help to define tissue phenotype, and knowledge of tissue- and protein-specific half-lives is directly relevant to protein-related drug development as well as the administration of medical therapies. Using stable isotope labeling and mass spectrometry, we determine the in vivo turnover rates of thousands of proteins—including those of the extracellular matrix—in a set of biologically important mouse tissues. We additionally develop a data visualization platform, named ApplE Turnover, that enables facile searching for any protein of interest in a tissue of interest and then displays its half-life, confidence interval, and supporting measurements. This extensive dataset and the corresponding visualization software provide a reference to guide future studies of mammalian protein turnover in response to physiologic perturbation, disease, or therapeutic intervention.
Chloranthus genome provides insights into the early diversification of angiosperms
Authors: Guo Xing , Fang Dongming , Sahu Sunil Kumar , Yang Shuai , Guang Xuanmin , Folk Ryan , Smith Stephen A. , Chanderbali Andre S. , Chen Sisi , Liu Min , Yang Ting , Zhang Shouzhou , Liu Xin , Xu Xun , Soltis Pamela S. , Soltis Douglas E. , Liu Huan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChloranthales remain the last major mesangiosperm lineage without a nuclear genome assembly. We therefore assemble a high-quality chromosome-level genome of Chloranthus spicatus to resolve enigmatic evolutionary relationships, as well as explore patterns of genome evolution among the major lineages of mesangiosperms (eudicots, monocots, magnoliids, Chloranthales, and Ceratophyllales). We find that synteny is highly conserved between genomic regions of Amborella, Vitis, and Chloranthus. We identify an ancient single whole-genome duplication (WGD) (κ) prior to the divergence of extant Chloranthales. Phylogenetic inference shows Chloranthales as sister to magnoliids. Furthermore, our analyses indicate that ancient hybridization may account for the incongruent phylogenetic placement of Chloranthales + magnoliids relative to monocots and eudicots in nuclear and chloroplast trees. Long genes and long introns are found to be prevalent in both Chloranthales and magnoliids compared to other angiosperms. Overall, our findings provide an improved context for understanding mesangiosperm relationships and evolution and contribute a valuable genomic resource for future investigations.
A 41,500 year-old decorated ivory pendant from Stajnia Cave (Poland)
Authors: Talamo Sahra , Nowaczewska Wioletta , Picin Andrea , Vazzana Antonino , Binkowski Marcin , Bosch Marjolein D. , Cercatillo Silvia , Diakowski Marcin , Fewlass Helen , Marciszak Adrian , Paleček Dragana , Richards Michael P. , Ryder Christina M. , Sinet-Mathiot Virginie , Smith Geoff M. , Socha Paweł , Sponheimer Matt , Stefaniak Krzysztof , Welker Frido , Winter Hanna , Wiśniewski Andrzej , Żarski Marcin , Benazzi Stefano , Nadachowski Adam , Hublin Jean-Jacques 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEvidence of mobiliary art and body augmentation are associated with the cultural innovations introduced by Homo sapiens at the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic. Here, we report the discovery of the oldest known human-modified punctate ornament, a decorated ivory pendant from the Paleolithic layers at Stajnia Cave in Poland. We describe the features of this unique piece, as well as the stratigraphic context and the details of its chronometric dating. The Stajnia Cave plate is a personal 'jewellery' object that was created 41,500 calendar years ago (directly radiocarbon dated). It is the oldest known of its kind in Eurasia and it establishes a new starting date for a tradition directly connected to the spread of modern Homo sapiens in Europe.