bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are childhood maltreatment narratives incoherent? A different story
Authors: Zhu Na , Hakim‐Larson Julie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThere is ongoing debate on whether adults' narratives of trauma memories are similarly or less coherent than those of non‐trauma memories. For child maltreatment, relevant studies have focused on child/adolescent narratives rather than adult narratives of sexual abuse and found that these narratives were less coherent than non‐abuse narratives. This study examined and compared the coherence level of maltreatment versus positive event narratives in 204 adults (Mage = 25.52, SD = 8.50, 77.9% identified as female, and 66.7% identified as Caucasian). Results showed that adults' narratives of their child maltreatment were similarly or more coherent than that of non‐trauma, positive events (Cohen's d = .16–.50). The length of narratives was related to coherence level. This study added to the literature by contrasting the coherence level of child maltreatment versus non‐trauma narratives in adults, an area of limited study. Results suggested a resilient sample who can narrate their maltreatment events coherently.
Rivers of Light—Ternary Exciplex Blends for High Efficiency Solution‐Processed Red Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Saghaei Jaber , Russell Steven M. , Jin Hui , Burn Paul L. , Pivrikas Almantas , Shaw Paul E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRed‐emitting organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are important for displays and lighting, with the latter benefiting from solution processable materials, which would enable low embedded energy, scalable fabrication. Herein, the effect of annealing and phase separation on the performance of solution‐processed OLEDs incorporating a light‐emitting layer composed of the exciplex host, m‐MTDATA:OXD‐7, and a red phosphorescent light‐emitting dendrimer, Ir(tDCpq)3, is described. Solution‐processed OLEDs containing an annealed emissive layer with a low dendrimer concentration (2 wt%) are found to have the best performance, which is higher than the device in which the light‐emitting layer is not annealed. The improvement in the performance of the annealed device is ascribed to improved charge mobility within the emissive layer caused by phase separation of the OXD‐7. The OLEDs containing annealed m‐MTDATA:OXD‐7:(2 wt%) Ir(tDCpq)3 have maximum current, power, and external quantum efficiencies of 17.9 cd A−1, 19.4 lm W−1, and 14.8 ± 0.6%, respectively. The fact that the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.8% is larger than that expected based on the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and the normal out‐coupling efficiency of 20% from a bottom‐emitting device is determined to arise from the different pathways of exciton formation under photoexcitation and charge injection.
Toward Achieving High Kinetics in Anodeless Li2S Battery: Surface Modification of Cu Current Collector
Authors: Jung Yongjo , Park Seoungkyu , Kim Jin Kon , Kim Minkyung , Kang Byoungwoo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn anodeless Li2S is a promising battery system, which increases volumetric energy density. However, a severe capacity fading in the anodeless Li2S is observed at a high current density. Here, it is reported that the surface properties of Cu electrode significantly affect kinetics and cycle stability via controlling Li nucleation and Li metal deposition morphology. A native oxide on the surface increases the Li nucleation underpotential and makes porous Li metal structure because its reaction with the polysulfides during cycles leads to the formation of Li2SO4 and the reduction in the polysulfides. After removing the native oxide, the anodeless Li2S cell achieves a fast kinetics up to 10 C (11.66 A g−1) with 312 mAh g−1 and stable cycling (120 cycles at 1 C). Furthermore, high‐loading Li2S (4.5 mg cm−2) anodeless cell is demonstrated by using the modified Cu electrode without the native oxide, achieving good capacity retention for 50 cycles at C/3 and 484 mAh g−1 at reasonable high rate of 1 C. The findings pave the possible way for the practical application of the anodeless Li2S battery that has high energy density and fast kinetics.
Interference‐Free, Multimodal Electronic Skin Matrix with Low‐Power, Monolithic Integrated Circuits
Authors: Cho Changhyeon , Choi Hanbin , Kim Yongchan , Park Heejoo , Kim Dong Jun , Kim Do Hwan , Lee Hojin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn interference‐free, flexible multimodal electronic skin matrix (3 × 3 pressure sensor array and four chemical sensors) combined with low‐power, monolithic integrated circuits with coplanar‐type thin‐film transistor arrays is demonstrated to detect mechanical and chemical stimuli simultaneously. This sensing platform is facilitated by a photocrosslinked ionic polymer film including ionic liquids, a solution‐processed amorphous oxide semiconductor, and a protective layer or microhole channel facilitated by a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer film. Consequently, a highly reliable piezocapacitive pressure‐sensing capability under a chemical variation is achieved with an electric double layer mechanism at the interface between the ionic polymer film and electrode. Moreover, selective olfactory detection to various chemicals with high sensitivity is achieved even under a pressing atmosphere via ion–gas interactions in the chemical sensor matrix. The proposed method is expected to contribute toward the practical realization of a new class of multimodal tactile sensors that reflect human–machine interactions.
Light and Thermally Induced Charge Transfer and Ejection of Micro‐/Nanoparticles from Ferroelectric Crystal Surfaces
Authors: Sebastián‐Vicente Carlos , García‐Cabañes Angel , Agulló‐López Fernando , Carrascosa Mercedes 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDuring real‐time operation of photovoltaic optoelectronic tweezers, a novel intriguing phenomenon has been recently observed, namely, silver nanoparticles previously deposited on ferroelectric LiNbO3:Fe surfaces are ejected from them by illumination. Here, it is shown that this phenomenon results from the electrical charging of the micro‐/nanoparticles previously trapped on the LiNbO3:Fe surfaces and the subsequent Coulomb repulsion. Specific experiments are performed to determine the sign of the transferred charges, which is negative/positive for the +c/−c sample face, i.e., it coincides with that of the stored charges on each surface. The charging/ejection process is proved to occur regardless of the illuminated crystal surface, the dielectric or metallic nature of the particles, and in different surrounding media. Besides, the role of the excitation light intensity is also explored. Next, to assess the generality of the ejection phenomenon, similar experiments based on the pyroelectric effect are performed, i.e., generating the electric fields by changing the crystal temperature instead of illuminating it. Thereby, thermally driven particle ejection is demonstrated using different ferroelectric crystals. The similarities found for the two approaches throw light on the charge transfer and ejection mechanism and remark the universality of the phenomenon for ferroelectrics, which can find many technological applications.
Racial regularities: Setting‐level dynamics as a source of ethnic‐racial socialization
Authors: Hughes Diane L. , Watford Jon Alexander 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA substantial literature has focused on how ethnic‐racial socialization from parents shapes youths' racial identities and the meanings they attach to their own and others' racial group membership. We argue that a critically important source of information to youth about the meaning and significance of race, and therefore a key source of ethnic‐racial socialization, resides in youths' exposure to repeated patterns in therelativesocial experiences, opportunities, roles, and outcomes experienced by two or more racial groups across levels of the ecological environment. Drawing on Seidman's concept of a “social regularity” we propose the concept of a “racial regularity” to name, describe and define pervasive and repeated intergroup patterns that youth observe through their daily transactions across settings. Additionally, drawing from the socio‐cognitive developmental literature, we consider why and how racial regularities may inform youths' racial knowledge. Finally, we illustrate our perspective using existing ethnographies of racial dynamics in schools and neighborhoods vis‐à‐vis youths' racial knowledge.
Strategizing public‐facing work within an academic career
Authors: Tommy Kimberleigh , Hawks John 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMost anthropological researchers will engage with the public at some stage of their career. Some develop strong skills in public‐facing work, building bridges between local and global communities and the scientific enterprise. Anthropology and archaeology are unsustainable without such community support. Yet engagement work often goes unrecognized and unrewarded within academic institutions.AimsWe focus on ways to translate the value of public‐facing work within academic career trajectories. We consider some of the challenges and benefits of such work for early career researchers and for senior researchers, and we provide guidance that will be helpful across a broad range of career objectives.Materials and MethodsThis study employs narratives of both early career and senior anthropologists.ResultsBoth early career and senior researchers report challenges and successes in building public‐facing work.DiscussionPursuing public‐facing work in ways that are recognized in academic settings can be challenging both in early career and senior settings. The advice in this paper can help individuals build strategies that will lead to sustainable engagement and career progress.ConclusionAttaining a balance between research and public engagement benefits both the fields of anthropology and human biology.
Organocatalytic Decarboxylation and Dual C(sp3)−H Bond Functionalization Toward Facile Access to Divergent 2,6‐Diarylpyridines
Authors: Gujjarappa Raghuram , Vodnala Nagaraju , Musib Dulal , Malakar Chandi C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn effective organocatalytic protocol toward the assembly of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,6‐diarylpyridines is demonstrated. The reaction proceeds through organocatalytic decarboxylation of amino acid and dual C(sp3)−H bond oxidation of carbonyl compounds. Catalyst screening revealed that explicit choice of L‐proline could lead the formation of product with maximum yield and selectivity. The developed process appears with operational simplicity and is consistent with broad range of functional groups.
Jet propagation through inhomogeneous media and shock ionization
Authors: Perucho Manel , López‐Miralles Jose , Reynaldi Victoria , Labiano Álvaro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this contribution, we present the first numerical simulations of a relativistic outflow propagating through the inner hundreds of parsecs of its host galaxy, including atomic and ionized hydrogen, and the cooling effects of ionization. Our results are preliminary, but we observe efficient shock ionization of atomic hydrogen in interstellar clouds. The mean density of the interstellar medium in these initial simulations is lower than that expected in typical galaxies, which makes cooling times longer and thus no recombination is observed inside the shocked region. The velocities achieved by the shocked gas in the simulations are in agreement with observational results, although with a wide spectrum of values.
Modeling changing‐look active galactic nuclei phenomenon in 1D using accretion disk instabilities
Authors: Śniegowska Marzena , Grzędzielski Mikołaj , Czerny Bożena , Janiuk Agnieszka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractApart from regular, low‐level stochastic variability, some active galactic nuclei (AGN) occasionally show exceptionally large changes in the luminosity, spectral shape, and/or X‐ray absorption. The most notable are the changes of the spectral type when the source classified as a Seyfert 1 becomes a Seyfert 2 galaxy or vice versa. Thus, a name was coined of “changing‐look AGN” (CL AGN). The origin of this phenomenon is still unknown, but for most of the sources, there are strong arguments in favor of the intrinsic changes. Understanding the nature of such rapid changes is a challenge to the models of black hole accretion flows since the timescales of the changes are much shorter than the standard disk viscous timescales. We aim to model the CL AGN phenomenon assuming that the underlying mechanism is the time‐dependent evolution of a black hole accretion disk unstable due to the dominant radiation pressure. We use a one‐dimensional, vertically integrated disk model, but we allow for the presence of the hot coronal layer above the disk and the presence of the inner purely hot flow. We focus on the variability timescales and amplitudes, which can be regulated by the action of large‐scale magnetic fields, the description of the disk‐corona coupling and the presence of an inner optically thin flow, like advection‐dominated accretion flow. We compare model predictions for the accretion disk around black hole mass .
Skin aging: Dermal adipocytes metabolically reprogram dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Kruglikov Ilja L. , Zhang Zhuzhen , Scherer Philipp E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEmerging data connects the aging process in dermal fibroblasts with metabolic reprogramming, provided by enhanced fatty acid oxidation and reduced glycolysis. This switch may be caused by a significant expansion of the dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) layer in aged, hair‐covered skin. Dermal adipocytes cycle through de‐differentiation and re‐differentiation. As a result, there is a strongly enhanced release of free fatty acids into the extracellular space during the de‐differentiation of dermal adipocytes in the catagen phase of the hair follicle cycle. Both caveolin‐1 and adiponectin are critical factors influencing these processes. Controlling the expression levels of these two factors also offers the ability to manipulate the metabolic preferences of the different cell types within the microenvironment of the skin, including dermal fibroblasts. Differential expression of adiponectin and caveolin‐1 in the various cell types may also be responsible for the cellular metabolic heterogeneity within the cells of the skin.
New luminometric method for quantification of biological sulfur nucleophiles with the participation of 9‐cyano‐10‐methylacridinium salt
Authors: Ievtukhov Vladyslav , Zadykowicz Beata , Blazheyevskiy Mykola Ye. , Krzymiński Karol 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBiologically active compounds containing sulfhydryl groups (RSHs: N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine, d‐penicillamine, glutathione and acetylthiocholine chloride) were used to develop a luminometric method for their quantification. The title substrate capable of chemiluminescence (CL) was isolated in a highly pure state as a chloride salt (99.9% using RP‐HPLC) and identified using mass spectrometry (ESI Q‐TOF) and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The cation included in the salt, 9‐CMA+, underwent oxidation in an alkaline environment containing RSHs by molecular oxygen, generating CL of various intensities, with no need for the use of hydrogen peroxide. The amount of produced light was linearly proportional to the content of investigated analytes in the system over the concentration range ~0.2–2 μM, with the detection limits in the range 0.19–1.73 μM. The mechanism of chemiluminogenic oxidation of 9‐CMA+ in the presence of RSHs and molecular oxygen is proposed, using computational methods at the density‐functional theory level. The presence of RSHs in an alkaline medium seems to be crucial to produce hydroperoxide anions (−OOH), which initiate the ‘light path’ of 9‐CMA+ transformations, ending with the excretion of electronically excited molecules of 10 methyl‐acridan‐9‐one.
Developing a grading scale for the evaluation of degenerative changes in uncovertebral (Luschka) joints
Authors: Stoychev Vladimir , Simonovich Azaria , Alperovitch‐Najenson Deborah , Tzelnik Michal , Kalichman Leonid 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe study aimed to develop a grading scale for evaluating degenerative changes in uncovertebral joints (UVJs) found on computed tomography (CT) scans, and assess the intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability of this scale. The study included 50 subjects (average age 55.12 ± 13.76 years) referred for CT examinations due to cervical complaints. Three researchers developed a reading protocol using a semiquantitative grading scale of UVJ degenerative changes. CTs were read and reread several times to refine the protocol. Subsequently, the reader read and reread 20 CTs (C3–C7 bilateral, altogether 200 UVJs) 2 weeks apart in order to assess the intra‐rater reliability. The second reader, after the training, read the same 20 CTs (yet, C4–C6 bilateral, altogether 120 UVJs) in order to assess the inter‐rater reliability. The additional 30 CTs were evaluated to analyze the prevalence and associations between the studied parameters. The final grading scale included joint space narrowing, osteophyte, subchondral sclerosis, subchondral cyst, hypertrophy, cortical erosion, and vacuum phenomenon. The intra‐rater agreement ranged from very good in joint space narrowing (k = 0.757), osteophyte grade (k = 0.748), subchondral cyst (k = 0.716), hypertrophy (k = 0.728), vacuum phenomenon (k = 0.712) to good (k = 0.544) in subchondral sclerosis, and fair in cortical erosion (k = 0.36). For the overall UVJ degeneration grade, the intra‐rater agreement was very good (k = 0.616) and the inter‐rater reliability was good (k = 0.468). 77.6% of the evaluated UVJs exhibited some degenerative changes. Our grading scale is the first to evaluate UVJs presenting good‐very good intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability which can be utilized in further clinical studies and assess degenerative changes in UVJs.
Cardiac complications in a patient affected by systemic mastocytosis and primitive myelofibrosis: A case report
Authors: Suppa Marianna , Marino Luca , Piccari Pietro , Masselli Gabriele , Gradini Roberto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSystemic mastocytosis with associated primitive myelofibrosis is a rare and complex disease with a difficult therapeutic management. The release of several inflammation mediators can trigger acute cardiovascular events.
Cutaneous larva migrans in early infancy: A Ugandan case report
Authors: Muwanguzi Eria , Kayiira Mubaraka , Kasozi Derrick , Kigozi Enos 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHelminths are an important cause of worm infestation in low‐income countries. The majority spread with soil to skin contact. In unusual patients presenting below 1 year, treatment can be challenging. The disease can be self‐limiting; however, treatment is believed to reduce progression to more serious disease. Here, we present a case of a 3‐month‐old with cutaneous larva migrans.
Anterior dislocation of a total knee arthroplasty in a patient with postoperative delirium: a case report
Authors: Kim Jin‐Hong , Lee Su Chan , Nam Chang Hyun , Kim Taehyeon , Ahn Hye Sun , Baek Ji‐Hoon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report a rare case of traumatic anterior dislocation in a patient with postoperative delirium following total knee arthroplasty. The patient was successfully treated by open reduction of the dislocation and polyethylene liner change. Recognition of risk factors for postoperative delirium is important for the prevention of this uncommon injury.
Wie kommt die Farbe ins Kunstwerk?
Authors: Karl Ulrich 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungAm Beginn des europäischen Kunstschaffens im Paläolithikum standen nur natürliche Pigmente wie Ocker, Kalk, Kreide sowie Ruß und Holzkohle zur Verfügung, später auch Zinnober, Azurit und Malachit. Schon früh wurden auch künstlich hergestellte Pigmente wie Ägyptisch Blau, Bleiweiß, Grünspan und Bleizinngelb verwendet. Der Beitrag behandelt anorganische oder organische Farbmittel, die durch Absorption von sichtbarem Licht farbig erscheinen, und diskutiert anhand einer Reihe von Kunstwerken von den alten Ägyptern bis zum 17. Jahrhundert, wie deckende Pigmente und Farblacke in opaken Farbschichten beziehungsweise transparenten Lasuren eingesetzt wurden, um unterschiedlichste Farbeffekte zu erzielen.
Integration concepts in German cities: How can they contribute to Shared Societies?
Authors: Hussak Melanie , Zeigermann Ulrike , Schilling Janpeter , Reiter Anna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntegration concepts at the municipal level can be seen as an important step towards a Shared Society. The concept of Shared Society was developed against the background of increasing political and social polarization. A Shared Society means a stable and safe society where everybody feels at home and respected and has equal opportunities. Tolerance and diversity are key elements. This paper analyzes integration concepts of five German cities: Aachen, Frankfurt, Potsdam, Trier and Wiesbaden. It examines their strategies and explores how they could overcome previous assimilative approaches and contribute to a Shared Society. The comparative analysis is based on three key dimensions of a Shared Society: social cohesion, joint structures and enabling environment. We show how the application of the Shared Society concept could address current challenges in the field of migration and integration and discuss factors that drive Shared Society policies and practices in cities.
Gold nanoparticle‐modified capacitive field‐effect sensors: Studying the surface density of nanoparticles and coupling of charged polyelectrolyte macromolecules
Authors: Karschuck Tobias , Kaulen Corinna , Poghossian Arshak , Wagner Patrick H. , Schöning Michael J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe coupling of ligand‐stabilized gold nanoparticles with field‐effect devices offers new possibilities for label‐free biosensing. In this work, we study the immobilization of aminooctanethiol‐stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuAOTs) on the silicon dioxide surface of a capacitive field‐effect sensor. The terminal amino group of the AuAOT is well suited for the functionalization with biomolecules. The attachment of the positively‐charged AuAOTs on a capacitive field‐effect sensor was detected by direct electrical readout using capacitance‐voltage and constant capacitance measurements. With a higher particle density on the sensor surface, the measured signal change was correspondingly more pronounced. The results demonstrate the ability of capacitive field‐effect sensors for the non‐destructive quantitative validation of nanoparticle immobilization. In addition, the electrostatic binding of the polyanion polystyrene sulfonate to the AuAOT‐modified sensor surface was studied as a model system for the label‐free detection of charged macromolecules. Most likely, this approach can be transferred to the label‐free detection of other charged molecules such as enzymes or antibodies.