bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Combined With Resistance Training or Neuromuscular Electrostimulation on Muscle Cross-Sectional Area
Authors: Bergamasco João Guilherme Almeida , Alvarez Ieda Fernanda , Biazon Thais Marina Pires de Campos , Ugrinowitsch Carlos , Augusto Libardi Cleiton 
Published: December 2021

Context: Low-load resistance training (LL) and neuromuscular electrostimulation (NES), both combined with blood flow restriction (BFR), emerge as effective strategies to maintain or increase muscle mass. It is well established that LL-BFR promotes similar increases in muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and lower rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and pain compared with traditional resistance training protocols. On the other hand, only 2 studies with conflicting results have investigated the effects of NES-BFR on CSA, RPE, and pain. In addition, no study directly compared LL-BFR and NES-BFR. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of LL-BFR and NES-BFR on vastus lateralis CSA, RPE, and pain. Individual response for muscle hypertrophy was also compared between protocols. Design: Intrasubject longitudinal study. Setting: University research laboratory. Intervention: Fifteen healthy young males (age = 23 [5] y; weight = 77.6 [11.3] kg; height = 1.76 [0.08] m). Main Outcome Measures: Vastus lateralis CSA was measured through ultrasound at baseline (pre) and after 20 training sessions (post). The RPE and pain responses were obtained through modified 10-point scales, handled during all training sessions. Results: Both protocols demonstrated significant increases in muscle CSA (P < .0001). However, the LL-BFR demonstrated significantly greater CSA changes compared with NES-BFR (LL-BFR = 11.2%, NES-BFR = 4.6%; P < .0001). Comparing individual increases in CSA, 12 subjects (85.7% of the sample) presented greater muscle hypertrophy for LL-BFR than for the NES-BFR protocol. In addition, LL-BFR produced significantly lower RPE and pain responses (P < .0001). Conclusions: The LL-BFR produced significantly greater increases in CSA with significant less RPE and pain than NES-BFR. In addition, LL-BFR resulted in greater individual muscle hypertrophy responses for most subjects compared with NES-BFR.
TWIST-GAN: Towards Wavelet Transform and Transferred GAN for Spatio-Temporal Single Image Super Resolution
Authors: Dharejo Fayaz Ali , Deeba Farah , Zhou Yuanchun , Das Bhagwan , Jatoi Munsif Ali , Zawish Muhammad , Du Yi , Wang Xuezhi 
Published: December 2021

Single Image Super-resolution (SISR)
produces high-resolution images with fine spatial resolutions from a remotely sensed image with low spatial resolution. Recently, deep learning and
generative adversarial networks (GANs)
have made breakthroughs for the challenging task of
single image super-resolution (SISR)
. However, the generated image still suffers from undesirable artifacts such as the absence of texture-feature representation and high-frequency information. We propose a frequency domain-based spatio-temporal remote sensing single image super-resolution technique to reconstruct the HR image combined with generative adversarial networks (GANs) on various frequency bands (TWIST-GAN). We have introduced a new method incorporating
Wavelet Transform (WT)
characteristics and transferred generative adversarial network. The LR image has been split into various frequency bands by using the WT, whereas the transfer generative adversarial network predicts high-frequency components via a proposed architecture. Finally, the inverse transfer of wavelets produces a reconstructed image with super-resolution. The model is first trained on an external DIV2 K dataset and validated with the UC Merced Landsat remote sensing dataset and Set14 with each image size of 256 × 256. Following that, transferred GANs are used to process spatio-temporal remote sensing images in order to minimize computation cost differences and improve texture information. The findings are compared qualitatively and qualitatively with the current state-of-art approaches. In addition, we saved about 43% of the GPU memory during training and accelerated the execution of our simplified version by eliminating batch normalization layers.
Assignments of the
X

4140

,
X

4500

,
X

4630

, and
X

4685

Based on the QCD Sum Rules
Authors: Wang Zhi-Gang 
Published: December 2021

In this article, we take into account our previous calculations based on the QCD sum rules, and tentatively assign the

X

4630

as the

D

s

∗

D
¯

s
1

−

D

s
1

D
¯

s

∗

tetraquark molecular state or

c
s

P

c
¯

s
¯

A

+

c
s

A

c
¯

s
¯

P

tetraquark state with the

J

P
C

=

1

−

+

, and assign the

X

3915

and

X

4500

as the 1S and 2S

c
s

A

c
¯

s
¯

A

tetraquark states, respectively, with the

J

P
C

=

0

+

+

. Then, we extend our previous works to investigate the LHCb’s new tetraquark candidate

X

4685

as the first radial excited state of the

X

4140

with the QCD sum rules and obtain the mass

M

X

=
4.70
±
0.12

GeV

, which is in very good agreement with the experimental value

4684
±

7

−
16

+
13

MeV

. Furthermore, we investigate the two-meson scattering state contributions in details and observe that the two-meson scattering states alone cannot saturate the QCD sum rules, the contributions of the tetraquark states play an unsubstitutable role, and we can saturate the QCD sum rules with or without the two-meson scattering states.
Existence and Uniqueness of Mild Solution for Fractional-Order Controlled Fuzzy Evolution Equation
Authors: Iqbal Naveed , Niazi Azmat Ullah Khan , Shafqat Ramsha , Zaland Shamsullah 
Published: December 2021

In this article, we investigated the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions for fractional-order controlled fuzzy evolution equations with Caputo derivatives of the controlled fuzzy nonlinear evolution equation of the form

0

c

D

I

γ

x

I

=
α
x

I

+
P

I
,
x

I

+
A

I

W

I

,
I
∈

0
,
T

,
x

I

0

=

x

0

, in which

γ
∈

0
,
1

,

E

1

is the fuzzy metric space and

I
=

0
,
T

is a real line interval. With the help of few conditions on functions

P
:
I
×

E

1

×

E

1

⟶

E

1

,

W

I

is control and it belongs to

E

1

,

A
∈
F

I
,
L

E

1

, and

α

stands for the highly continuous fuzzy differential equation generator. Finally, a few instances of fuzzy fractional differential equations are shown.
IMPROvE-CED Trial: Intracoronary Autologous CD34+ Cell Therapy for Treatment of Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Angina and Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries
Authors: Corban Michel T. , Toya Takumi , Albers Diana , Sebaali Faten , Lewis Bradley R. , Bois John , Gulati Rajiv , Prasad Abhiram , Best Patricia J.M. , Bell Malcolm R. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Prasad Megha , Ahmad Ali , Lerman Lilach O. , Solseth Mary L. , Winters Jeffrey L. , Dietz Allan B. , Lerman Amir 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Coronary endothelial dysfunction (CED) causes angina/ischemia in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD). Patients with CED have decreased number and function of CD34+ cells involved in normal vascular repair with microcirculatory regenerative potential and paracrine anti-inflammatory effects. We evaluated safety and potential efficacy of intracoronary autologous CD34+ cell therapy for CED.

Methods:

Twenty NOCAD patients with invasively diagnosed CED and persistent angina despite maximally tolerated medical therapy underwent baseline exercise stress test, GCSF (granulocyte colony stimulating factor)-mediated CD34+ cell mobilization, leukapheresis, and selective 1×10
5
CD34+ cells/kg infusion into left anterior descending. Invasive CED evaluation and exercise stress test were repeated 6 months after cell infusion. Primary end points were safety and effect of intracoronary autologous CD34+ cell therapy on CED at 6 months of follow-up. Secondary end points were change in Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class, as-needed sublingual nitroglycerin use/day, Seattle Angina Questionnaire scores, and exercise time at 6 months. Change in CED was compared with that of 51 historic control NOCAD patients treated with maximally tolerated medical therapy alone.

Results:

Mean age was 52±13 years; 75% were women. No death, myocardial infarction, or stroke occurred. Intracoronary CD34+ cell infusion improved microvascular CED (%acetylcholine-mediated coronary blood flow increased from 7.2 [−18.0 to 32.4] to 57.6 [16.3–98.3]%;
P
=0.014), decreased Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class (3.7±0.5 to 1.7±0.9, Wilcoxon signed-rank test,
P
=0.00018), and sublingual nitroglycerin use/day (1 [0.4–3.5] to 0 [0–1], Wilcoxon signed-rank test,
P
=0.00047), and improved all Seattle Angina Questionnaire scores with no significant change in exercise time at 6 months of follow-up. Historic control patients had no significant change in CED.

Conclusions:
A single intracoronary autologous CD34+ cell infusion was safe and may potentially be an effective disease-modifying therapy for microvascular CED in humans.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03471611.
Body Composition and Incident Heart Failure in Older Adults: Results From 2 Prospective Cohorts
Authors: Zhang Lili , Bartz Traci M. , Santanasto Adam , Djoussé Luc , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Forman Daniel E. , Hirsch Calvin H. , Newman Anne B. , Gottdiener John S. , Kizer Jorge R. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Aging is associated with central fat redistribution and skeletal muscle decline, yet the relationships of tissue compartments with heart failure (HF) remain incompletely characterized. We assessed the contribution of body composition to incident HF in elders.

Methods and Results
Participants from 2 older cohorts who completed dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and, in one cohort, computed tomography were included. We evaluated associations with incident HF for DEXA principal components (PCs) and total lean, appendicular lean, total fat and trunk fat mass; and for computed tomography measures of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat, thigh muscle, intermuscular fat area and thigh muscle density. DEXA analysis included 3621, and computed tomography analysis 2332 participants. During median follow‐up of 11.8 years, 927 participants developed HF. DEXA principal components showed no relationship with HF. After adjustment for height, weight, and cardiovascular risk factors, total lean mass was near significantly associated with higher HF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.25 per SD [1.00–1.56]), whereas total fat mass and thigh muscle density were significantly related to lower HF (HR, 0.82 [0.68–0.99] and HR, 0.87 [0.78–0.97], respectively). Patterns were similar for HF subtypes. The relationships with HF for total lean and fat mass were attenuated after adjusting for intercurrent atrial fibrillation or excluding high natriuretic peptide levels.

Conclusions
Total lean mass was positively associated, while total fat mass and thigh muscle density were inversely associated, with incident HF. These findings highlight the limitations of DEXA for assessment of HF risk in elders and support the preeminence of computed tomography–measured skeletal muscle quality over mass as a determinant of HF incidence.
Gadamerian and Chinese Philosophical Reflections on the Developments of Chung-ying Cheng’s Post-Dialogue Onto-hermeneutic Philosophy
Authors: Pfister Lauren F. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In light of developments in Chung-ying Cheng’s (1935-) onto-hermeneutic philosophy during the years after his dialogue with Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900–2002) took place in Heidelberg in May 2000, I explore several new issues related to Cheng’s understanding of Gadamer’s hermeneutic philosophy. First of all, I argue that Cheng has not addressed the vital concept of the “inner word” in Gadamer’s Truth and Method, and point toward some of its fecund hermeneutic significance, especially with regard to its characterization of Sprache/Language and its dynamics within human understanding. Secondly, I underscore the fact that Cheng (and the majority of other contemporary Chinese philosophers) have not understood the profound impact of Christian philosophical writings in Gadamer’s work, particularly in his claim that Christian ontology offers an alternative to ancient Greek ontologies that are “categorically significant.” Finally, I describe and analyze the development of a new theistic understanding of reality within Cheng’s post-dialogue publications, suggesting ways of critically advancing his claims in the light of Gadamer’s account of the “inner word” and the Christian ontological claims grounded in the logos-theology as presented in the prologue to the Gospel of John.
On the Borrowability of Body Parts
Authors: Pattillo Kelsie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Within recent years, quantitative cross-linguistic research has shown that body parts are one of the least borrowed semantic fields (Tadmor and Haspelmath, 2009a; 2009b; Tadmor, 2009). With body parts showing many similarities to closed classes, it is simple to assume there is little motivation for a language to borrow body part terms into its lexicon. Yet, despite its lower percentage of borrowings cross-linguistically, some languages employ much higher percentages of borrowings for naming the body. The motivations behind such borrowings across languages remain unexplored but can largely be explained by social factors. As Thomason and Kaufman (1988) and Thomason (2008) claim, social factors generally trump linguistic factors as predictors of contact-induced change. This study first discusses proposed inhibitions to lexical borrowing and then examines cases of body part loanwords from various languages showing how they fit into social patterns motivating such borrowings.
Toward a Decolonizing Framework for Equity-Oriented English Language Teacher Education
Authors: Qin Kongji 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article I critically review the current literature on English language teaching (elt), (neo)colonialism, and empire to advance a decolonizing framework for equity-oriented English language teacher education (elte). This framework first argues that teachers should be supported to understand and confront linguistic imperialism of the English empire to promote plurilingual approaches to elt while developing students’ critical awareness of power. Second, it contends that instead of asking elt professionals to apply Western centered pedagogies that are often ill-suited to their local instructional realities, they should be supported to develop their own praxis. Third, it calls for disrupting epistemological racism to reclaim local knowledge. Lastly, it emphasizes the need to unsettle colonial ontology of white supremacy and native-speakerism that render teachers of color and nonnative English speakers (nnes) as perpetual Others. The article concludes with a call for action to prepare language teachers to disrupt racism, (neo)colonialism, and inequality through their praxis.
Herniation of the Mastoid Segment of the Facial Nerve During Cochlear Implantation Surgery
Authors: Almohammad Mohammad , Tasabehji Tala , Awad Abdulrahman , Hanafi Ibrahem 
Published: December 2021

Background: We aim to report a rare case of a herniated mastoid segment of the facial nerve that was accidently discovered during cochlear implantation surgery and how altering the surgery plan could achieve the implantation while preserving the nerve. Case presentation: A four-year-old girl presented with profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss that did not completely resolve after 2 years of using hearing aids was scheduled for cochlear implantation surgery in the right ear. During surgery, a herniated mastoid segment of the facial nerve took an anterior course and obstructed the access to the round window. Conclusion: When a traditional posterior tympanotomy approach in cochlear implantation surgery is limited in cases of a herniated facial nerve, a tunnel created near the inferior part of the posterior wall of the auditory canal provided safe insertion of the electrode. It also permitted placement of a piece of fascia between the electrode and the facial nerve, therefore, protecting the facial nerve from electrical stimuli.
‘It’s better to treat a COVID patient than a HIV patient’: using feminist participatory research to assess women’s challenges to access HIV care in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Najmah Najmah , Davies Sharyn Graham , Kusnan Kusnan , Davies Tom Graham 
Published: December 2021

Background: Women living with HIV in Indonesia encounter challenging obstacles to healthcare, which is exacerbated by COVID-19. Access is difficult as there are limited numbers of poorly supported healthcare providers. Women also face significant stigma when disclosing their HIV-status. Objectives: Our main purpose is to give a voice to disempowered women living with HIV, by normalising the discussion of HIV, to empower health professionals to better understand the issues faced by women living with HIV, and develop improved treatment practices. Design: Our project was guided by a Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR) framework. FPAR refers to ‘a participatory and action-oriented approach to research that centres gender and women’s experiences both theoretically and practically’. It creates meaningful participation for women throughout the research process, ensuring a collective critical consciousness that challenges oppressive attitudes, beliefs, and practices that may be deeply embedded in society. Method: Purposive sampling and a thematic analysis was applied to focus group discussions with 20 women living with HIV and 20 women without HIV in Palembang, South Sumatra. Results: When women living with HIV face a difficult decision, do they disclose their status knowing that they may face stigma and even a refusal to be treated; or do they conceal their status and face not receiving the right care? In this article, we explore the stories of women living with HIV as they seek medical treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. We show that there is no optimal solution for women as they lose whether they disclose their HIV status or not. Conclusion: Women’s stories around HIV and COVID-19 intersect with conditions such as poverty and discrimination, as well as embedded gender systems, creating overlapping barriers to treatment. Government must challenge this culture by introducing a comprehensive sex and HIV education programme. This would normalise discussions of HIV-related topics, leading to improved health outcomes.
Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Decreases Blood Transfusions and Blood Loss for Patients with Surgically Treated Hip Fractures
Authors: Huynh Phuong Anh N , Miller Megan , Will Ryan 
Published: December 2021

Introduction Tranexamic acid can decrease blood loss related to surgery and trauma. The primary objective of this study is to examine if the use of a single dose of peri-operative TXA significantly decreases the rate of allogenic blood transfusions in the setting of operative care of hip fractures. Secondary objectives included examining if total blood loss was decreased by TXA in operative hip fractures as well as examining the safety of TXA by measuring the rates venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods Retrospective chart review of 505 patients who were operatively treated for hip fractures at a single facility was performed. In a non-randomized fashion, 307 patients received TXA and 198 patients did not. Patients received 1 gram of TXA prior to incision. Blood transfusion was the primary end point. Blood loss was calculated using the hemoglobin balance method. Chart was reviewed for VTE events during hospitalization. Results 505 patients were analyzed. The use of single perioperative dose of TXA in the surgical management of hip fracture resulted in absolute risk reduction of transfusion of 7.7% and relative risk reduction of transfusion by 29%. This was statistically significant with P =.04. Patients who received TXA on average lost 235 ml less blood compared to those who did not receive TXA ( P <.0001). No increase in VTE events were found in either group during hospitalization. Conclusion This study supports the use of TXA is decrease blood loss and transfusion rates in patients with hip fractures. TXA can be used routinely to decrease complications in this usually fragile population.
Subsidence of Interbody Cage Following Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion: An Analysis and Potential Risk Factors
Authors: Kotheeranurak Vit , Jitpakdee Khanathip , Lin Guang-Xun , Mahatthanatrakul Akaworn , Singhatanadgige Weerasak , Limthongkul Worawat , Yingsakmongkol Wicharn , Kim Jin-Sung 
Published: December 2021

Study Design Retrospective cohort study Objectives This study aimed to report the incidence and potential risk factors of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage subsidence following oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) for lumbar degenerative diseases. We proposed also an algorithm to minimize subsidence following OLIF surgery. Methods The study included a retrospective cohort of 107 consecutive patients (48 men and 59 women; mean age, 67.4 years) who had received either single- or multi-level OLIF between 2012 and 2019. Patients were classified into subsidence and non-subsidence groups. PEEK cage subsidence was defined as any violation of either endplate from the computed tomography scan in both sagittal and coronal views. Preoperative variables such as age, sex, body mass index, bone mineral density (BMD) measured by preoperative dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, smoking status, corticosteroid use, diagnosis, operative level, multifidus muscle cross-sectional area, and multifidus muscle fatty degeneration were collected. Age-related variables (height and length) were also documented. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors of subsidence. Results Of the 107 patients (137 levels), 50 (46.7%) met the subsidence criteria. Higher PEEK cage height had the strongest association with subsidence (OR = 9.59, P < .001). Other factors significantly associated with cage subsistence included age >60 years (OR = 3.15, P = .018), BMD <−2.5 (OR = 2.78, P = .006), and severe multifidus muscle fatty degeneration (OR = 1.97, P = .023). Conclusions Risk factors for subsidence in OLIF were age >60 years, BMD < −2.5, higher cage height, and severe multifidus muscle fatty degeneration. Patients who had subsidence had worse early (3 months) postoperative back and leg pain.