bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les cerf - le canthare - les quatre fleuves du Paradis dans la mosaïque chretienne de Tunisie. Les catechumenes et le Bapteme / Les fideles et l’Eucharistie : une contribution a l’iconongraphie paleochretienne d’Occident
Authors: Moreno P. Silvio 
Published: December 2021

The figures of deer, of kantharos (cantharus), and the four rivers of Paradise are all part of a rich catalog of early Christian iconography in Tunisia. We often find this iconography in the mosaics of baptisteries, as well as mosaics in the basilicas. The presence of such iconographic figures in all Tunisia, whether in prominent basilicas or in small rural churches reflects the unity of the Christian faith throughout the territory, as well as the firmness of the Christian traditions that came from the East. In this article, we will first explain the spiritual and Christian signification of these iconographic figures and afterwards we will present the models in mosaics found in Tunisia within their archeological context.
Las figuras de los ciervos, del cántaro y de los cuatro ríos del Paraíso son parte del rico repertorio de la iconografía paleocristiana en Túnez. Estas imágenes plasmadas especialmente en mosaicos, las encontramos frecuentemente en contexto bautismal como decoración de pavimento, y en contexto eucarístico decorando el suelo de las basílicas cristianas. La presencia de estas imágenes iconográficas en Túnez, ya sea en las grandes basílicas como en las pequeñas iglesias rurales, muestra la unidad de la fe católica en todo el territorio como también la solidez de las tradiciones cristianas heredadas de Oriente. Este artículo explicaremos primero el significado espiritual de estas figuras y luego presentaremos los ejemplares que la arqueología ha encontrado en las distintas regiones de Túnez.
Les représentations de cerfs, de kantharos (cantharus) et des quatre fleuves du Paradis font partie d’un riche répertoire dans l’iconographie ancienne tunisienne. Souvent, ces représentations iconographiques se retrouvent dans les mosaïques des baptistères ainsi que dans les celles des basiliques. La présence de ces types d’images dans toute la Tunisie, que ce soit dans de grandes basiliques ou dans de petites églises rurales, reflète l’unité de la foi chrétienne sur tout le territoire, ainsi que la force des traditions chrétiennes venues d’Orient. Dans cet article, nous expliquerons d’abord la signification spirituelle et chrétienne de ce style de décoration,que nous appuierons à travers des modèles dans les mosaïques trouvés en Tunisie dans leur contexte archéologique
La importancia política y militar de las revueltas bagaudas en época tardorromana
Authors: Sanz Huesma Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2021

In this article I intend to show that the bagaudian revolts that occurred in the 3rd and 5th centuries had little military and political importance. To do this, I will confront a large part of modern historiography, which considers these revolts as a determining part of the fall of the Western part of the Roman Empire. The study of the response by the imperial government and the careful analysis of the sources will allow me to support my hypothesis.
En el presente artículo pretendo demostrar que las revueltas bagaudas producidas en los siglos III y V tuvieron poca importancia militar y política. Para ello, confrontaré con gran parte de la historiografía moderna, que considera estas revueltas como parte determinante de la caída de la parte occidental del Imperio Romano. El estudio de la respuesta por parte del gobierno imperial y el análisis detenido de las fuentes, me permitirá sostener mi hipótesis.
Perfil das internações de crianças por malformações congênitas do aparelho circulatório no Brasil de 2010 a 2020
Authors: Sampaio Laís Fernanda Duarte , Barreto Nilo Manoel Pereira Vieira , Correia Helena França 
Published: December 2021

Introdução: a malformação congênita do aparelho circulatório é definida como qualquer anormalidade na estrutura e/ou função do coração durante a fase do desenvolvimento embrionário, podendo interferir no fluxo sanguíneo. Suas manifestações ocorrem em qualquer fase do desenvolvimento. No Brasil, essa enfermidade representa a segunda principal causa de mortalidade em crianças menores de um ano, caracterizando-se um problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: descrever o perfil das internações de crianças por malformações congênitas do aparelho circulatório no Brasil, de 2010 a 2020. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo ecológico, realizado por meio de dados secundários, no período de 2010 a 2020. Analisaram-se as variáveis número de internações, sexo, região, raça/cor, faixa etária, custos hospitalares, óbito e taxa de mortalidade. As informações coletadas foram armazenadas e analisadas no software Microsoft Excel Office, versão de 365. Resultados: entre 2010 e 2020, foram notificadas 118.792 internações por essa comorbidades de crianças por malformação congênita do aparelho circulatório, sendo 51% do sexo masculino, com predomínio da cor branca (36%), tendo a região Sudeste apresentado o maior percentual de internações (43,5%). Observou-se maior ocorrência em crianças abaixo de um ano (62,7%), gerando um custo de 650 milhões de reais em serviços hospitalares. O maior percentual de internações ocorreu em 2019 (10,9%). Houve 10.477 óbitos entre 2010 e 2020 (8,8%), sendo 85,8% na população abaixo de um ano e 37,7% na região Sudeste. A taxa de mortalidade de crianças por essa comorbidade foi de 8,82/100 mil habitantes. Conclusão: observou-se que as malformações congênitas do aparelho circulatório, no período analisado, apresentaram uma distribuição homogênea em relação ao sexo, sendo mais frequentes na raça/cor branca, na região Sudeste e na faixa etária menor que um ano, gerando altos custos em serviços hospitalares.
Quantitative assessment of intra‐ and inter‐modality deformable image registration of the heart, left ventricle, and thoracic aorta on longitudinal 4D‐CT and MR images
Authors: Omidi Alireza , Weiss Elisabeth , Wilson John S. , Rosu‐Bubulac Mihaela 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based investigations into radiotherapy (RT)‐induced cardiotoxicity require reliable registrations of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to planning computed tomography (CT) for correlation to regional dose. In this study, the accuracy of intra‐ and inter‐modality deformable image registration (DIR) of longitudinal four‐dimensional CT (4D‐CT) and MR images were evaluated for heart, left ventricle (LV), and thoracic aorta (TA).Methods and materialsNon‐cardiac‐gated 4D‐CT and T1 volumetric interpolated breath‐hold examination (T1‐VIBE) MRI datasets from five lung cancer patients were obtained at two breathing phases (inspiration/expiration) and two time points (before treatment and 5 weeks after initiating RT). Heart, LV, and TA were manually contoured. Each organ underwent three intramodal DIRs ((A) CT modality over time, (B) MR modality over time, and (C) MR contrast effect at the same time) and two intermodal DIRs ((D) CT/MR multimodality at same time and (E) CT/MR multimodality over time). Hausdorff distance (HD), mean distance to agreement (MDA), and Dice were evaluated and assessed for compliance with American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group (TG)‐132 recommendations.ResultsMean values of HD, MDA, and Dice under all registration scenarios for each region of interest ranged between 8.7 and 16.8 mm, 1.0 and 2.6 mm, and 0.85 and 0.95, respectively, and were within the TG‐132 recommended range (MDA < 3 mm, Dice > 0.8). Intramodal DIR showed slightly better results compared to intermodal DIR. Heart and TA demonstrated higher registration accuracy compared to LV for all scenarios except for HD and Dice values in Group A. Significant differences for each metric and tissue of interest were noted between Groups B and D and between Groups B and E. MDA and Dice significantly differed between LV and heart in all registrations except for MDA in Group E.ConclusionsDIR of the heart, LV, and TA between non‐cardiac‐gated longitudinal 4D‐CT and MRI across two modalities, breathing phases, and pre/post‐contrast is acceptably accurate per AAPM TG‐132 guidelines. This study paves the way for future evaluation of RT‐induced cardiotoxicity and its related factors using multimodality DIR.
A novel nonlinear optimization method for fitting a noisy Gaussian activation function
Authors: Li Jimei , Ding Feng , Hayat Tasawar 
Published: December 2021

SummaryIt is significant to fit a Gaussian function with the observation data for artificial intelligence or other engineering fields. Considering the influence of noises, this article proposes a nonlinear optimization method for fitting the Gaussian activation functions. By means of the gradient search and the Newton search, a direct gradient‐based iterative algorithm and a direct Newton iterative algorithm are presented for identifying the Gaussian functions. Considering the computational cost, the authors develop a multi‐innovation stochastic gradient algorithm for the noisy Gaussian functions. After introducing a forgetting factor, the parameter estimation accuracy can be further improved. The simulation results indicate that the proposed nonlinear optimization method and gradient‐based algorithms can fit the noisy Gaussian functions very well.
Enabling Anionic Redox Stability of P2‐Na5/6Li1/4Mn3/4O2 by Mg Substitution
Authors: Huang Yangyang , Zhu Yongcheng , Nie Anmin , Fu Haoyu , Hu Zhiwei , Sun Xueping , Haw Shu‐Chih , Chen Jin‐Ming , Chan Ting‐Shan , Yu Sijie , Sun Guang , Jiang Gang , Han Jiantao , Luo Wei , Huang Yunhui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOxygen‐based anionic redox reactions have recently emerged as a lever to increase the capacity of Mn‐rich layered oxide cathodes in addition to the charge compensation based on cationic redox reactions for sodium‐ion batteries. Unfortunately, the irreversibility of anionic redox often aggravates irreversible structure change and poor cycling performance. Here, a stable anionic redox is achieved through substituting Na ions by Mg ions in P2‐type Na0.83Li0.25Mn0.75O2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Mg substitution effectively decreases the oxygen chemical potential, causing an improvement in lattice oxygen stability. Moreover, at a highly desodiated state, Mg ions that remain in the lattice and interact with O 2p orbitals can decrease the undercoordinated oxygen and the nonbonded, electron‐deficient O 2p states, facilitating the reversibility of oxygen redox. When cycled in the voltage range of 2.6–4.5 V where only anionic redox occurs for charge compensation, Na0.773Mg0.03Li0.25Mn0.75O2 presents a much better reversibility, giving a 4 times better cycle stability than that of Na0.83Li0.25Mn0.75O2. Experimentally, Na0.773Mg0.03Li0.25Mn0.75O2 exhibits a ≈1.1% volume expansion during sodium insertion/extraction, suggestive of a “zero‐strain” cathode. Overall, the work opens a new avenue for enhancing anionic reversibility of oxygen‐related Mn‐rich cathodes.
A New Durable Surface Nanoparticles‐Modified Perovskite Cathode for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells from Selective Cation Exsolution under Oxidizing Atmosphere
Authors: Liang Mingzhuang , Zhu Yijun , Song Yufei , Guan Daqin , Luo Zhixin , Yang Guangming , Jiang San Ping , Zhou Wei , Ran Ran , Shao Zongping 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA high‐performance cathode of a protonic ceramic fuel cell (PCFC) should possess excellent oxygen reduction reactivity, high proton/oxygen‐ion/electron conductivity, and sufficient operational stability, thus requiring a delicate tuning of both the bulk and surface properties of the electrode material. Although surface modification of perovskites with nanoparticles from reducing‐atmosphere exsolution has been demonstrated effective at improving the electrochemical anodic oxidation, such nanoparticles would easily re‐incorporate into the perovskite lattice causing a big challenge for their application as a cathode. Here, a durable perovskite‐based nanocomposite cathode for PCFCs is reported, which is facilely prepared via the exsolution of nanoparticles in an oxidizing atmosphere. Through composition and cation nonstoichiometry manipulation, a precursor with the nominal composition of Ba0.95(Co0.4Fe0.4Zr0.1Y0.1)0.95Ni0.05O3−δ (BCFZYN‐095) is designed, synthesized, and investigated, which, upon calcination, gives rise to the formation of a perovskite‐based nanocomposite comprising a major perovskite phase and a minor NiO phase enriched on the perovskite surface. The major perovskite phase enabled by the proper cation nonstoichiometry manipulation promotes bulk proton conduction while the NiO nanoparticles facilitate the oxygen surface exchange process, leading to a superior cathodic performance with a maximum peak power density of 1040 mW cm−2 at 650 °C and excellent operational stability of 400 h at 550 °C.
Escalating Ferromagnetic Order via Se‐Vacancies Near Vanadium in WSe2 Monolayers
Authors: Yun Seok Joon , Cho Byeong Wook , Dinesh Thapa , Yang Dae Hee , Kim Yong In , Jin Jeong Won , Yang Sang‐Hyeok , Nguyen Tuan Dung , Kim Young‐Min , Kim Ki Kang , Duong Dinh Loc , Kim Seong‐Gon , Lee Young Hee 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMagnetic order has been proposed to arise from a variety of defects, including vacancies, antisites, and grain boundaries, which are relevant in numerous electronics and spintronics applications. Nevertheless, its magnetism remains controversial due to the lack of structural analysis. The escalation of ferromagnetism in vanadium‐doped WSe2 monolayer is herein demonstrated by tailoring complex configurations of Se vacancies (SeVac) via post heat‐treatment. Structural analysis of atomic defects is systematically performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), enabled by the monolayer nature. Temperature‐dependent magnetoresistance hysteresis ensures enhanced magnetic order after high‐temperature heat‐treatment, consistent with magnetic domain analysis from magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The vanadium–Se vacancy pairing is a key to promoting ferromagnetism via spin‐flip by electron transfer, predicted from density‐functional‐theory (DFT) calculations. The approach toward nanodefect engineering paves a way to overcome weak magnetic order in diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) for renovating semiconductor spintronics.
Acceleration of Bone Regeneration Induced by a Soft‐Callus Mimetic Material
Authors: Longoni Alessia , Utomo Lizette , Robinson Abbie , Levato Riccardo , Rosenberg Antoine J. W. P. , Gawlitta Debby 
Published: December 2021

AbstractClinical implementation of endochondral bone regeneration (EBR) would benefit from the engineering of devitalized cartilaginous constructs of allogeneic origins. Nevertheless, development of effective devitalization strategies that preserves extracellular matrix (ECM) is still challenging. The aim of this study is to investigate EBR induced by devitalized, soft callus‐mimetic spheroids. To challenge the translatability of this approach, the constructs are generated using an allogeneic cell source. Neo‐bone formation is evaluated in an immunocompetent rat model, subcutaneously and in a critical size femur defect. Living spheroids are used as controls. Also, the effect of spheroid maturation towards hypertrophy is evaluated. The devitalization procedure successfully induces cell death without affecting ECM composition or bioactivity. In vivo, a larger amount of neo‐bone formation is observed for the devitalized chondrogenic group both ectopically and orthotopically. In the femur defect, accelerated bone regeneration is observed in the devitalized chondrogenic group, where defect bridging is observed 4 weeks post‐implantation. The authors' results show, for the first time, a dramatic increase in the rate of bone formation induced by devitalized soft callus‐mimetics. These findings pave the way for the development of a new generation of allogeneic, “off‐the‐shelf” products for EBR, which are suitable for the treatment of every patient.
A Solar Water‐Heating Smart Window by Integration of the Water Flow System and the Electrochromic Window Based on Reversible Metal Electrodeposition
Authors: Wang Ling , Jiao Xiuling , Chen Dairong , Wang Ting 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVarious smart windows with dynamic modulation of the light transmittance have been developed rapidly in recent years. However, current design of the smart windows can only modulate the indoor solar irradiation instead of effectively utilize them. Here, a solar water‐heating (SWH) smart window is proposed by the integration of the traditional electrochromic window and the water flow system, which can not only provide dynamic daylight modulation but also harvest the solar energy and store them by heating water. In the SWH window, the reversible metal electrodeposition (RME) not only provides daylight modulation but also provides metal layer working as a flat‐plate solar collector for energy harvesting. Compared with traditional electrochromic windows, the SWH window with a water flow system can more effectively modulate the indoor temperature, owing to the significantly enhanced tunability of the thermal irradiation from the window. Compared with water‐flow windows, the RME provide a metallic layer for efficient light harvesting, up to 42% solar energy can be effectively harvested and stored as hot water. Such an SWH smart window is promising to reduce the heating, lighting, and air conditioning energy consumption, which may bring new insights in the design of the next‐generation green buildings.
Case‐fatality study of workers and residents with radiographic asbestos disease in Libby, Montana
Authors: Miller Albert , Black Charles B. , Loewen Gregory , Noonan Curtis W. , McNew Tracy , Whitehouse Alan C. , Frank Arthur L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundVermiculite ore from Libby, Montana contains on average 24% of a mixture of toxic and carcinogenic amphibole asbestiform fibers. These comprise primarily winchite (84%), with smaller quantities of richterite (11%) and tremolite (6%), which are together referred to as Libby amphibole (LA).Methods A total of 1883 individuals who were occupationally and/or environmentally exposed to LA and were diagnosed with asbestos‐related pleuropulmonary disease (ARPPD) following participation in communitywide screening programs supported by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and followed up at the Center for Asbestos Related Disease (CARD) between 2000 and 2010. There were 203 deaths of patients with sufficient records and radiographs. Best clinical and radiologic evidence was used to determine the cause of death, which was compared with death certificates.ResultsAsbestos‐related mortality was 55% (n = 112) in this series of 203 patients. Of the 203 deaths, 34 (17%) were from asbestos‐related malignancy, 75 (37%) were from parenchymal asbestosis, often with pleural fibrosis, and 3 (1.5%) were from respiratory failure secondary to pleural thickening.ConclusionsAsbestos is the leading cause of mortality following both occupational and nonoccupational exposure to LA in those with asbestos‐related disease.
Public health risks from asbestos cement roofing
Authors: Kottek Michael , Yuen Man Lee 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThere is no identified risk‐free threshold exposure to asbestos. Based on epidemiology and toxicology, asbestos fiber dimensions have been implicated in causing asbestos‐related diseases. Phase‐contrast microscopy provides only a limited index of exposure to fiber dimensions implicated in mesothelioma induction. Installed asbestos‐containing materials (ACMs) create an ongoing risk of intense exposure during natural disasters and remodeling, along with low‐level exposure arising from the continual emission of airborne asbestos into the environment arising from weathering of installed ACM. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a risk of disease associated with proximity to asbestos cement roofing (ACR), while ongoing environmental emissions of asbestos from installed ACR have also been demonstrated. Owing to the limitations of the available data, a precautionary approach is warranted; asbestos‐free roofing materials should be used in new construction and existing ACR should be removed at the earliest opportunity.
Halogen Bonding in Perovskite Solar Cells: A New Tool for Improving Solar Energy Conversion
Authors: Metrangolo Pierangelo , Canil Laura , Abate Antonio , Terraneo Giancarlo , Cavallo Gabriella 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHybrid organic–inorganic halide perovskites (HOIHPs) have recently emerged as a flourishing area of research. Their easy and low‐cost production and their unique optoelectronic properties make them promising materials for many applications. In particular, HOIHPs hold great potential for next‐generation solar cells. However, their practical implementation is still hindered by their poor stability in air and moisture, which is responsible for their short lifetime. Optimizing the chemical composition of materials and exploiting non‐covalent interactions for interfacial and defects engineering, as well as defect passivation, are efficient routes towards enhancing the overall efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Due to the rich halogen chemistry of HOIHPs, exploiting halogen bonding, in particular, may pave the way towards the development of highly stable PSCs. Improved crystallization and stability, reduction of the surface trap states, and the possibility of forming ordered structures have already been preliminarily demonstrated.
Highly Efficient Multiphoton Absorption of Zinc‐AIEgen Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Liu Naifang , Chen Zhihui , Fan Wenxuan , Su Jie , Lin Tingting , Xiao Si , Meng Jianqiao , He Jun , Vittal Jagadese J. , Jiang Jianzhuang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA series of luminescent frameworks was synthesized from the selective combination of aggregation induced emission (AIE)‐linker tetra‐(4‐carboxylphenyl)ethylene (H4TCPE) and Zn2+. Complex 1 was formed by the close packing of Zn‐TCPE hinge, and isostructural complexes 2–5 were constructed by the linkage of Zn‐TCPE layer and pillar ligands. These complexes exhibit highly efficient multiphoton excited photoluminescence (MEPL) and concomitant third‐harmonic generation (THG). The multiphoton absorption (MPA) parameters of 1 are superior to other multiphoton emission materials including the perovskite nanocrystals. The incorporation of pillar linkers slows down the charge transfer between layers of Zn‐TCPE, and the aromatic core of pillar linkers has a great influence on the MPA performance of the corresponding frameworks.
Transformation of Covalent Organic Frameworks from N‐Acylhydrazone to Oxadiazole Linkages for Smooth Electron Transfer in Photocatalysis
Authors: Yang Shuailong , Lv Haowei , Zhong Hong , Yuan Daqiang , Wang Xinchen , Wang Ruihu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are regarded as new platforms for solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion due to their tailor‐made functions and pre‐designable structures. Their intrinsic reversibility and the high polarization of organic linkages inevitably result in poor chemical stability and weak optoelectronic properties. Herein, one N‐acylhydrazone‐linked COF (H‐COF) was converted into a stable and π‐conjugated oxadiazole‐linked COF via post‐oxidative cyclization. Both chemical stability and π‐electron delocalization throughout the reticular framework are significantly improved, leading to a high hydrogen evolution rate of 2615 μmol g−1 h−1 upon visible light irradiation, which is over four times higher than that of H‐COF. This work provides a facile protocol for the fabrication of π‐conjugated COFs and the modulation of photophysical properties for photocatalytic application.