bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety Analysis of Salvage Surgery for Advanced Stages or Metastatic Lung Cancers
Authors: Bertolaccini Luca , Galetta Domenico , Sedda Giulia , de Marinis Filippo , Spaggiari Lorenzo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis case series aimed to analyze the outcomes of patients referred for salvage pulmonary resections after treatment with chemotherapy and immunotherapy for previously metastatic or unresectable tumors.From October 2016, after multidisciplinary board discussion, eight patients (median: 67 years, range: 52–78 years) underwent medical treatment due to advanced-stage diseases (stage cIIIA–cIVa). Four patients underwent cisplatin-based chemotherapy and, due to progression, were moved to an immunotherapy second line (nivolumab: two patients and pembrolizumab: two patients). Instead, four patients underwent combined cisplatin-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (atezolizumab: two patients and pembrolizumab: two patients). After a multidisciplinary evaluation for salvage surgery, six patients underwent lobectomies, one patient underwent left pneumonectomy, and one patient underwent upper right lobectomy enlarged to the posterior arches of four ribs. The median duration of surgery was 179 minutes (range: 122–246 minutes). At the final pathological stage, three patients showed a complete major response (ypT0 ypN0), one patient was ypT1a ypN0, one ypT3 ypN0, 2 ypT3 ypN1, and one ypT4 ypN0. The hospital length of stay was 6 days (range: 3–23 days). Two patients had a postoperative complication. At the time of follow-up (median: 15.3 months [range: 1–32 months]), six patients were alive without evidence of the recurrence. Two patients died due to recurrence progression (N3 lymph nodes involvement) of the disease after 6 and 32 months.In stage IIIB–IVA nonsmall cell lung cancer, salvage lung surgeries after chemotherapy and immunotherapy are feasible, with high rates of R0 resection. Surgery can be technically tricky without significant morbidity and encouraging outcomes (even with a short-interval follow-up).
Anxiety Assessment in Orofacial Pain Patients
Authors: Nikam Shital Sudhakar , Shah Karan Rajendra , Gadgil Rajeev Madhusudan , Utekar Dipika Bharat , Shirsekar Vinayak Umesh 
Published: July 2021

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to assess the anxiety level in patients with orofacial pain and to compare it with patients without any orofacial pain.

Materials and Methods
The survey-based study was conducted that included a total of 100 patients who were divided into two groups: 50 patients with orofacial pain and 50 patients without pain. Questionnaire in a local language, that is, Marathi, was formulated based on Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data was then subsequently collected and evaluated according to the score of MDAS and HADS.

Results
A total of 78 patients were evaluated according to the questionnaire survey. Highly significant correlation was found between anxiety level and pain present in patient on the MDAS-anxiety level scale(p = 0.001). Also, a significant correlation was observed between anxiety level and pain present in patient on the HADS-anxiety level (p = 0.007). A significant correlation was found between gender and pain anxiety level in patients on the MDAS-anxiety level (p = 0.009).

Conclusion
Anxiety level in patients with orofacial pain can be assessed with MDAS and HADS. Specific types of anxiety-related concerns definitely occur at higher levels in orofacial pain patients in comparison to patients without pain. Greater attention needs to be employed on understanding of anxiety level in orofacial pain patients. This is detrimental in acceptance of treatment by patient and ultimately affects outcome. Anxiety level assessment helps in better understanding of apprehension among the patients with orofacial pain, and enables better delivery of appropriate care and intervention.
Introspecting Scope of Ultra-Diluted Homeopathic Preparations in Human SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Perspective Review
Authors: Das Abhishek , Ghosh Shubhamoy , Das Satadal , Das Sudip Kumar , Ghosh Sayak , Dutta Abhijit , Goswami Pritam 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a zoonotic disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its symptoms range from mild fever, cough, pharyngitis to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Since its first outbreak in Wuhan province of China, the disease has spread worldwide and emerged as pandemic. The infection is mainly spread by droplets and through contacts. Initially SARS-CoV-2 was thought to cause viral pneumonia only, but now it is evident that the virus can spread through the bloodstream and can cause systemic lesions as well. Though most of the time patients recovered spontaneously for immune-compromised patients, it is detrimental. Lack of effective therapy in conventional medicine has made host immune response as the only option to focus on this battle against COVID-19. First-world countries such as the USA, Italy, England and Spain have witnessed a massive number of deaths, and India is not an exception to that. The whole world is searching for effective treatment in the form of antiviral drugs, vaccines and hydroxychloroquine, but none has proven effective. Homeopathy has always put a mark during epidemics and in recent past during the elimination of leptospirosis in Cuba (2009–2014), homeopathy was very effective. In this scenario, we think homeopathy has a decisive role to play to fight this pandemic as it can enhance the host immune response and reduce the severity of the infection to a great extent. In this review, we will discuss the scopes of homeopathic medicines in the treatment of coronavirus disease.
Negotiating Unsustainable Food Transformations: Development, Middle Classes and Everyday Food Practices in Vietnam
Authors: Hansen Arve 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAmidst calls for making food systems more sustainable, new unsustainable food transformations unfold alongside economic development. Explanations for unsustainable food transformations in emerging economies vary greatly, but there is widespread agreement that demand from new middle classes play a crucial role. Yet this demand is to a large extent co-created by systems of provision, and middle-class consumers are constantly navigating food transformations in a search for healthy and safe food. Focusing on Vietnam’s dramatic food transformations, and combining attention to the political economy of food with a social practice approach to consumption, the paper zooms in on the how middle-class households in Hanoi negotiate the rapid transformations of food systems and food environments. The paper concludes that new thinking on sustainable food systems is urgently needed and argues that vital insights can be gained by studying food practices and their interaction with everyday geographies of consumption.
High purity separation of n-pentane from neopentane using a nano-crystal of zeolite Y
Authors: Nag Shubhadeep , Ananthakrishna G. , Maiti Prabal K. , Subramanian Yashonath 
Published: July 2021

A method for the separation of a mixture of n-pentane and neopentane using a nano-crystallite of zeolite Y is reported. This method judiciously combines two well-known, counter-intuitive phenomena, the levitation and the blowtorch effects. The result is that the two components are separated by being driven to the opposite ends of the zeolite column. The calculations are based on the non-equilibrium Monte Carlo method with moves from a region at one temperature to a region at another temperature. The necessary acceptance probability for such moves has been derived here on the basis of stationary solution of an inhomogeneous Fokker–Planck equation. Simulations have been carried out with a realistic and experimentally relevant Gaussian hot zone and also a square hot zone, both of which lead to very good separation. Simulations without the hot zones do not show any separation. The results are reported at a loading of 1 molecule per cage. The temperature of the hot zone is just ∼30 K higher than the ambient temperature. The separation factors of the order of 1017 are achieved using single crystals of zeolite, which are less than 1 μm long. The conditions for including the hot zone may be experimentally realizable in the future considering the rapid advances in nanoscale thermometry. The separation process is likely to be energetically more efficient by several orders of magnitude as compared to the existing methods of separation, making the method very green.
EMI and the international branch campus
Authors: Hillman Sara , Graham Keith M. , Eslami Zohreh R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTransnational higher education (TNHE), often based on export models of Western-based universities and driven by neoliberal market economy agendas, has spread across the globe. One example of TNHE is Qatar’s Education City where six prestigious American international branch campuses (IBCs) all administer their degrees through English medium instruction (EMI). While there is a burgeoning amount of research investigating and problematizing issues in EMI higher education institutions, IBCs are a unique EMI setting due to their heavy reliance on importing faculty, staff, curricula and practices from their home campuses. Thus, this study takes an ethnographic case study approach to examine the language planning and policy and linguistic landscape at one IBC in Qatar. Drawing on multiple sources of data, the study reveals both the overt and covert language policies and ideologies of the institution and its various stakeholders, and the extent to which languages other than English are used and accepted.
“Oya let’s go to Nigeria”
Authors: Unuabonah Foluke Olayinka 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper examines five bilingual pragmatic markers: oya, ke, ni, walahi, and
ba, loaned from indigenous Nigerian languages into Nigerian English, with a view to investigating their
sources, meanings, frequencies, spelling stability, positions, collocational patterns and discourse-pragmatic functions. The data
for the study were obtained from the International Corpus of English-Nigeria and the Nigerian component of the Global Web-based
English corpus. These were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively, using the theory of pragmatic borrowing. The results show
that oya, ke, and ni are borrowed from Yoruba, walahi is loaned from Arabic
through Hausa and Yoruba while ba is borrowed from Hausa. Oya serves as an attention marker,
ke and ni function as emphasis markers, walahi serves as an emphatic manner
of speaking marker while ba functions as an attention marker and agreement-seeking marker. The study highlights
the influence of indigenous Nigerian languages on the discourse-pragmatic features of Nigerian English.
Cytogenetic follow-up studies on humans with internal and external exposure to ionizing radiation
Authors: Balajee Adayabalam S , Livingston Gordon K , Escalona Maria B , Ryan Terri L , Goans Ronald E , Iddins Carol J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cells exposed to ionizing radiation have a wide spectrum of DNA lesions that include DNA single-strand breaks, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), oxidative base damage and DNA-protein crosslinks. Among them, DSB is the most critical lesion, which when mis-repaired leads to unstable and stable chromosome aberrations. Currently, chromosome aberration analysis is the preferred method for biological monitoring of radiation-exposed humans. Stable chromosome aberrations, such as inversions and balanced translocations, persist in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of radiation-exposed humans for several years and, therefore, are potentially useful tools to prognosticate the health risks of radiation exposure, particularly in the hematopoietic system. In this review, we summarize the cytogenetic follow-up studies performed by REAC/TS (Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training site, Oak Ridge, USA) on humans exposed to internal and external radiation. In the light of our observations as well as the data existing in the literature, this review attempts to highlight the importance of follow-up studies for predicting the extent of genomic instability and its impact on delayed health risks in radiation-exposed victims.
Global smooth solution of 2D temperature-dependent tropical climate model
Authors: Dong Bo-Qing , Li Chaoying , Xu Xiaojing , Ye Zhuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on a two-dimensional tropical climate model with temperature-dependent viscosity and thermal diffusivity. We show that there is a unique global smooth solution to this model with general initial data in the Sobolev class H

s
for any s > 1.
Low-loss belief propagation decoder with Tanner graph in quantum error-correction codes
Authors: Yan Dan-Dan , Fan Xing-Kui , Chen Zhen-Yu , Ma Hong-Yang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Quantum error-correction codes are immeasurable resources for quantum computing and quantum communication. However, the existing decoders are generally incapable of checking node duplication of belief propagation (BP) on quantum low-density parity check (QLDPC) codes. Based on the probability theory in the machine learning, mathematical statistics and topological structure, a GF(4) (the Galois field is abbreviated as GF) augmented model BP decoder with Tanner graph is designed. The problem of repeated check nodes can be solved by this decoder. In simulation, when the random perturbation strength p=0.0115–0.0116 and number of attempts N = 60–70, the highest decoding efficiency of the augmented model BP decoder is obtained, and the low-loss frame error rate (FER) decreases to 7.1975 ×10−5. Hence, we design a novel augmented model decoder to compare the relationship between GF(2) and GF(4) for quantum code [[450,200]] on the depolarization channel. It can be verified that the proposed decoder provides the widely application range, and the decoding performance is better in QLDPC codes.
In vitro study of the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans isolated from human dental caries
Authors: Hamad Arshad Mahdi , Mahmood Atiyea Qanat 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dental caries is a public health concern worldwide for which Streptococcus mutans has been reported Known as the potential etiology of infection. In recent years, nanotechnology has applied to Creation of novel material properties. The research was studying the effects of Nanoparticles of Zinc Oxide on Streptococcus mutans isolate from dental caries. In this research, Different ZnO NPs concentrations were studied as its anti-bacterial effects on Streptococcus mutans was isolated from dental caries cases. 27 Streptococcus mutans isolates were obtained, which is equivalent to 20% of the total number of 135 isolates. This nanomaterial was chosen because it has a high affinity for human cells and does not cause harm compared to other nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are those very fine materials that can be produced so that their dimensions or the dimensions of their grains range from (1-100) nanometers, and because of the small size of the nanomaterials, which made them behave differently from large-sized materials whose size exceeds 100 nanometers, and because of the small size of the particles. Nanoparticles, which gave them electrical and magnetic properties that differ from large particles of the same compounds. The well diffusion method and the MIC experiment were conducted, and the results were good, as in the well diffusion method the efficacy increased with increasing the concentration of ZnO NPs. In the MIC experiment, it was observed that MIC in the sixth tube, meaning that the MIC of ZnO NPs towards Streptococcus mutans equals 0. 312 mg / ml.
Study of Corrosion Inhibition for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution by a new furan derivative
Authors: Al-mousawi Israa M H , Ahmed Rana S , Kadhim Nafeesa J , Farhan Ahlam M 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe corrosion inhibition effect of a new furan derivative (furan-2-ylmethyl sulfanyl acetic acid furan-2-ylmethylenehydrazide) on mild steel in 1.0 M HCl was investigated using corrosion potential (ECORR) and potentiodynamic polarization. The obtained results indicated that the new furan derivative (furan-2-ylmethyl sulfanyl acetic acid furan-2-ylmethylenehydrazide) (FSFD) has a promising inhibitive effects on the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl across all of the conditions examined. The density functional theory (DFT) study was performed on the new furan derivative (FSFD) at the B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) basis set level to explore the relation between their inhibition efficiency and molecular electronic structure. The final experimental results showed that FSFD act as a good corrosion inhibitor in the acidic solution for mild steel which is in agreement with the results of the theoretical study.
Image Steganography using Dynamic Threshold based on Discrete Cosine Transform
Authors: Taha Namar A , Al Saffar Amna , Abdullatif Alaa A , Abdullatif Firas A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The art of preventing the detection of hidden information messages is the way that steganography work. Several algorithms have been proposed for steganographic techniques. A major portion of these algorithms is specified for image steganography because the image has a high level of redundancy. This paper proposed an image steganography technique using a dynamic threshold produced by the discrete cosine coefficient. After dividing the green and blue channel of the cover image into 1*3-pixel blocks, check if any bits of green channel block less or equal to threshold then start to store the secret bits in blue channel block, and to increase the security not all bits in the chosen block used to store the secret bits. Firstly, store in the center of the block and then store another bit in the write or left bit depended on differences between them.
The proposed method was applied to many color images and many measurement terms used to show the efficiency of it. The experiment result showed good result that the PSNR = 53.76, MSE = 0.273, SSIM= 0.999, with embedding rates 0.55
RETRACTED: Impact of Feature Selection for Data Classification Using Naive Bayes Classifier
Authors: Hato Eman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the field of data processing and analysis, the dataset may be a large set of features that restrict data usability and applicability, and thus the dimensions of data sets need to be reduced. Feature selection is the process of removing as much of the redundant and irrelevant features as possible from the original dataset to improve the mining process efficiency. This paper presented a study to evaluate and compare the effect of filter and wrapper methods as feature selection approaches in terms of classification accuracy and time complexity. The Naive Bayes Classifier and three classification datasets from the UCI repository are utilizing in the classification procedure. To investigate the effect of feature selection methods, they are applied to the different characteristics datasets to obtain the selected feature vectors which are then classified according to each dataset category. The datasets used in this paper are the Iris, Ionosphere, and Ovarian Cancer dataset. Experimental results indicate that the filter and wrapper methods provide approximately equal classification accuracy where the average accuracy value of the Ionosphere and Ovarian Cancer dataset is 0.78 and 0.91 for the same selected feature vectors respectively. For Iris dataset, the filter method outperforms the wrapper method by achieving the same accuracy value using only half number of selected features. The results also show that the filter method surpasses when considering the execution time.
New Exact Operational Shifted Pell Matrices and Their Application in Astrophysics
Authors: Sarhan Mohammed Abdulhadi , Shihab Suha , Kashem Bushra E. , Rasheed Mohammed 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, the exact operational matrices for shifted Pell polynomials are achievable; so one can integrate and product the vector of basic functions s. The general form of the matrix of integrationPis established, the dual matrix of integrationQis derived with general formulation, and the general form of the matrix derived from the product of two shifted Pell polynomials has been given. This idea is implemented on shifted Pell basis vector. Using such exact matrices, then the resident function of the equation is reached which can be written asR.P(x), whereRis an algebraic equation vector andP(x) is the shifted Pell basis vector. The presented matrices can be utilized to find the approximate solution of differential equations, integral equation and the calculus of variations problems. An investigation for the convergence and error analysis of the proposed shifted Pell expansion is performed. Numerical treatment for problems in physics are included in this work to demonstrate the accuracy, easy to implement as well as accurate and satisfactory results with a small number of shifted Pell basis. Using operational matrices and the spectral technique are used together for solving Lane-Emden equation.
New Normality on Generalized Topological Spaces
Authors: Gasim Suaad G. , Jaafar Mohanad N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A space X is named a πp – normal if for each closed set F and each π – closed set F’ in X with F ∩ F’ = ∅, there are p – open sets U and V of X with U ∩ V = ∅ whereas F ⊆ U and F’ ⊆ V. Our work studies and discusses a new kind of normality in generalized topological spaces. We define ϑπp – normal, ϑ–mildly normal, & ϑ–almost normal, ϑp– normal, & ϑ–mildly p–normal, & ϑ–almost p-normal and ϑπ-normal space, and we discuss some of their properties.
The Understory Herbaceous Vegetation at Tropical Mountain Forest of Mount Bawakaraeng, South Sulawesi
Authors: Wiharto M , Wijaya M , Hamka L , Syamsiah  
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe structure and diversity of understory herb vegetation were studied at Tropical Mountain Forest of Mount Bawakaraeng, South Sulawesi. The study was conducted at two areas. The first area was natural forest (NF) (Site 1). The second area (Site 2) was dominated byPteridium aquilinum(L.) Kuhn ferns andLantana camarashrubs (NP). The value of similarity index between the two sides was 22,15. The mean values of diversity parameters at Site 2 relatively higher compared to those in Site 1. The Dominance Diversity Curve for Site 2 shows curve that longer than that of Site 1. There are 12 species that are found at both sites. At Site 1, the highest mean value of Species Richness (S) and Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (H’) are found in Rather Steep Slope (RSS) and the lowest are in Gentle Slope (GS). In the Site 2 area, the highest mean value of S, H’, Simpson’s Diversity Index (1-D) and Pielou’s Evenness Index (E) are found in Flat Slope (FS) and the lowest is in RSS, whilst the highest value of Simpson’s Dominance Index (D) is in RSS and followed in FS and finally in GS. At Site 1, species with highest important value index (IVI) are varying. The most dominant species at Site 2 is Isachne globosa. The Asteraceae family is the family that has species with highest IVI at Site 1. At Site 2, Poaceae family is the plan family that has the most species with the highest IVI at all slope level.