bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literature Review and Knowledge Distribution During an Outbreak: A Methodology for Managing Infodemics
Authors: Gruber Amit , Ghiringhelli Matteo , Edri Oded , Abboud Yousef , Shiti Assad , Shaheen Naim , Ballan Nimer , Neuberger Ami , Caspi Oren 
Published: April 2021

Problem
The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged health care systems in an unprecedented way by imposing new demands on health care resources and scientific knowledge. There has also been an exceedingly fast accumulation of new information on this novel virus. As the traditional peer-review process takes time, there is currently a significant gap between the ability to generate new data and the ability to critically evaluate them. This problem of an excess of mixed-quality data, or infodemic, is echoing throughout the scientific community.

Approach
The authors aimed to help their colleagues at the Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, manage the COVID-19 infodemic with a methodologic solution: establishing an in-house mechanism for continuous literature review and knowledge distribution (March–April 2020). Their methodology included the following building blocks: a dedicated literature review team, artificial intelligence–based research algorithms, brief written updates in a graphical format, large-scale webinars and online meetings, and a feedback loop.

Outcomes
During the first month (April 2020), the project produced 21 graphical updates. After consideration of feedback from colleagues and final editing, 13 graphical updates were uploaded to the center’s website; of these, 31% addressed the clinical presentation of the disease and 38% referred to specific treatments. This methodology as well as the graphical updates it generated were adopted by the Israeli Ministry of Health and distributed in a hospital preparation kit.

Next Steps
The authors believe they have established a novel methodology that can assist in the battle against COVID-19 by making high-quality scientific data more accessible to clinicians. In the future, they expect this methodology to create a favorable uniform standard for evidence-guided health care during infodemics. Further evolution of the methodology may include evaluation of its long-term sustainability and impact on the day-to-day clinical practice and self-confidence of clinicians who treat COVID-19 patients.
Effect of Brief Training to Identify Autism Spectrum Disorder During Toddler Well-Child Care Visits
Authors: Wieckowski Andrea Trubanova , Thomas Rebecca P. , Chen Chi-Ming A. , Zitter Ashley , Fein Deborah A. , Barton Marianne L. , Adamson Lauren B. , Robins Diana L. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
To examine the effect of a brief Enhanced training using the information-motivation-behavior (IMB) change model on improving providers' surveillance rates and accuracy of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) detection.

Method:
Toddlers (n = 5,672) were screened for ASD during their pediatric well-child visits. Pediatric providers (n = 120) were randomized to receive Enhanced (incorporating components of the IMB model) or Control training. Providers indicated whether they had an ASD concern at each well-child visit. Toddlers who were positive on any screener and/or whose provider indicated ASD concern were invited for a diagnostic evaluation. Differences in provider-indicated ASD concerns before and after training were evaluated using log-linear analyses.

Results:
The Enhanced training did not have a significant effect on provider-endorsed ASD concerns (p = 0.615) or accuracy of endorsing concerns (p = 0.619). Providers in the Control training showed a significant reduction in indicating whether or not they had concerns after the training (from 71.9% to 64.3%), which did not occur in the Enhanced group. The Enhanced training led to more frequent endorsements of language (χ2 = 8.772, p = 0.003) and restricted and repetitive behavior (χ2 = 7.918, p = 0.005) concerns for children seen after training.

Conclusion:
Provider training had limited impact on ASD surveillance, indicating the importance of using formal screening instruments that rely on parent report during well-child visits to complement developmental surveillance. Future research should examine whether providers who indicate specific concerns are more likely to accurately refer children for ASD evaluations.
Peritraumatic 17β-estradiol levels influence chronic posttraumatic pain outcomes
Authors: Linnstaedt Sarah D. , Mauck Matthew C. , Son Esther Y. , Tungate Andrew S. , Pan Yue , Rueckeis Cathleen , Yu Shan , Lechner Megan , Datner Elizabeth , Cairns Bruce A. , Danza Teresa , Velilla Marc-Anthony , Pearson Claire , Shupp Jeffrey W. , Smith David J. , McLean Samuel A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Biologic factors that predict risk for and mediate the development of common outcomes of trauma exposure such as chronic posttraumatic pain (CPTP) are poorly understood. In the current study, we examined whether peritraumatic circulating 17β-estradiol (E2) levels influence CPTP trajectories. 17β-estradiol levels were measured in plasma samples (n = 254) collected in the immediate aftermath of trauma exposure from 3 multiethnic longitudinal cohorts of men and women trauma survivors. Chronic posttraumatic pain severity was evaluated 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after traumatic stress exposure. Repeated measures mixed models were used to test the relationship between peritraumatic E2 levels and prospective CPTP. Secondary analyses in a nested cohort assessed the influence of participant body mass index on the E2–CPTP relationship. In women, a statistically significant inverse relationship between peritraumatic E2 and CPTP was observed (β = −0.280, P = 0.043) such that higher E2 levels predicted lower CPTP severity over time. Secondary analyses identified an E2 * body mass index interaction in men from the motor vehicle collision cohort such that obese men with higher E2 levels were at greater risk of developing CPTP. In nonobese men from the motor vehicle collision cohort and in men from the major thermal burn injury cohort, no statistically significant relationship was identified. In conclusion, peritraumatic circulating E2 levels predict CPTP vulnerability in women trauma survivors. In addition, these data suggest that peritraumatic administration of E2 might improve CPTP outcomes for women; further research is needed to test this possibility.
Cognitive Defusion Is a Core Cognitive Mechanism for the Sensory-Affective Uncoupling of Pain During Mindfulness Meditation
Authors: Zorn Jelle , Abdoun Oussama , Sonié Sandrine , Lutz Antoine 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
Mindfulness meditation can downregulate the experience of pain. However, its specific underlying regulatory mechanisms are still largely unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of cognitive defusion—a form of psychological distancing from internal experiences—in mindfulness-based pain regulation.

Methods
We implemented a thermal heat paradigm that was designed to amplify the cognitive-affective aspects of pain in 43 novice meditators (2-day formal training; 51.2% women; 53.2 ± 7.0 years old) and 27 expert meditators (>10,000-hour practice; 44.4% women; 51.9 ± 8.4 years old). We collected pain intensity and unpleasantness reports and trait measures of pain catastrophizing assessed by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), cognitive defusion assessed by the Drexel Defusion Scale (DDS), and cognitive fusion assessed by the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire, as well as of several other constructs commonly reported in the literature.

Results
Experts reported lower PCS (6.9 ± 5.2 versus 17.2 ± 8.5, p < .001) but higher DDS (39.4 ± 6.4 versus 28.9 ± 6.6, p < .001) than novices. Across participants, the PCS and DDS were negatively correlated and shared unique variance that survived adjusting for other mindfulness-related and cognitive-emotional constructs (β = −0.64, p < .001). Conversely, the relationships between PCS and other commonly reported constructs did not seem specific, as none of the relationships survived adjusting for DDS (adjusted β < 0.25, p > .05). Further supporting the relevance of DDS to pain, both the DDS and PCS specifically predicted pain unpleasantness as opposed to pain intensity. However, DDS seemed to be a more specific predictor of unpleasantness than PCS, as the relationship between DDS and unpleasantness survived adjusting for PCS (adjusted β = −0.33, p = .016), but not vice versa (adjusted β = 0.20, p = .162). We also found that the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire showed a similar pattern of associations with PCS and pain self-reports to what was found for the DDS, although these associations were less consistent.

Conclusions
Collectively, these findings highlight the central role of cognitive defusion in mindfulness-based pain regulation.
Reducing publication delay to improve the efficiency and impact of conservation science
Authors: Christie Alec P. , White Thomas B. , Martin Philip , Petrovan Silviu O. , Bladon Andrew J. , Bowkett Andrew E. , Littlewood Nick A. , Mupepele Anne-Christine , Rocha Ricardo , Sainsbury Katherine A. , Smith Rebecca K. , Taylor Nigel G. , Sutherland William J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEvidence-based decision making is most effective with comprehensive access to scientific studies. If studies face delays or barriers to being published, the useful information they contain may not reach decision-makers in a timely manner. This represents a potential problem for mission-oriented disciplines where access to the latest data is paramount to ensure effective actions are deployed. We sought to analyse the severity of publication delay in conservation science — a field that requires urgent action to prevent the loss of biodiversity. We used the Conservation Evidence database to assess the length of publication delay (time from finishing data collection to publication) in the literature that tests the effectiveness of conservation interventions. From 7,415 peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed studies of conservation interventions published over eleven decades, we find that the mean publication delay (time from completing data collection to publication) was 3.6 years and varied by conservation subject — a smaller delay was observed for studies focussed on the management of captive animals. Publication delay was significantly smaller for studies in the non-journal literature (typically non-peer-reviewed) compared to studies published in scientific journals. Although we found publication delay has marginally increased over time (1912-2020), this change was weak post-1980s. Publication delay also varied inconsistently between studies on species with different IUCN Red List statuses and there was little evidence that studies on more threatened species were subject to a smaller delay. We discuss the possible drivers of publication delay and present suggestions for scientists, funders, publishers, and practitioners to reduce the time taken to publish studies. Although our recommendations are aimed at conservation science, they are highly relevant to other mission-driven disciplines where the rapid dissemination of scientific findings is important.
Accessibility, inclusivity, and implementation of COVID-19 clinical management guidelines early in the pandemic: a global survey
Authors: Pilbeam Caitlin , Malden Deborah , Newell Katherine , Dagens Andrew , Kennon Kalynn , Michelen Melina , Gobat Nina , Sigfrid Louise 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith a rapidly changing evidence base, high-quality clinical management guidelines (CMGs) are key tools for aiding clinical decision making and increasing access to best available evidence-based care. A rapid review of COVID-19 CMGs found that most lacked methodological rigour, overlooked many at-risk populations, and had variations in treatment recommendations. Furthermore, social science literature highlights the complexity of implementing guidelines in local contexts where they were not developed and the resulting potential to compound health inequities. The aim of this study was to evaluate access to, inclusivity of, and implementation of Covid-19 CMGs in different settings.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of clinicians worldwide from 15 June to 20 July 2020, to explore access to and implementation of Covid-19 CMGs and treatment and supportive care recommendations provided. Data on accessibility, inclusivity, and implementation of CMGs. were analyzed by geographic location.ResultsSeventy-six clinicians, from 27 countries responded, 82% from high-income countries, 17% from low-middle income countries. Most respondents reported access to Covid-19 CMG and confidence in implementation of these. However, many respondents, particularly from LMICs reported barriers to implementation, including limited access to treatments and equipment. Only 20% of respondents reported having access to CMGs covering care for children, 25% for pregnant women and 50% for older adults (>65 years). Themes emerging were for CMGs to include recommendations for different at-risk populations, and settings, include supportive care guidance, be readily updated as evidence emerges, and CMG implementation supported by training, and access to treatments recommended.ConclusionOur findings highlight important gaps in Covid-19 CMG development and implementation challenges during a pandemic, particularly affecting different at-risk populations and lower resourced settings., to improve access in evidence-based care recommendations during an emergency. The findings identifies an urgent need for an improved framework for CMG development, that is inclusive and adaptable to emerging evidence and considers contextual implementation support, to improve access to evidence-based care globally.
Viola: a structural variant signature extractor with user-defined classifications
Authors: Sugita Itsuki , Matsuyama Shohei , Dobashi Hiroki , Komura Daisuke , Ishikawa Shumpei 
Published: April 2021

SummaryHere, we present Viola, a Python package that provides structural variant (SV; large scale genome DNA variations that can result in disease, e.g., cancer) signature analytical functions and utilities for custom SV classification, merging multi-SV-caller output files, and SV annotation. We demonstrate that Viola can extract biologically meaningful SV signatures from publicly available SV data for cancer and we evaluate the computational time necessary for annotation of the data.AvailabilityViola is available on pip (https://pypi.org/project/Viola-SV/) and on GitHub (https://github.com/dermasugita/Viola-SV).Contactkdais-prm@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp
The situational and individual determinants of entrepreneurship in the construction industry
Authors: Loosemore Martin , McCallum Andrew 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the situational and individual factors which motivate entrepreneurs to start a business in the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews are undertaken with twenty-five entrepreneurs in the Australian construction industry.FindingsFindings highlight the importance of eight recurring “situational” themes leading to the decision to start a business in the construction industry: life experiences; family background; roles models; education; previous employment; construction industry experience - especially at an early age; cultural factors and serendipity. Findings also reveal six recurring “individual” themes: individual agency; need for achievement; work–life balance; desire for independence, frustration avoidance and strategic instrumentality.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings indicate that mainstream theories of entrepreneurship may underplay the importance of intergenerational traditions and cultural and informal institutional knowledge in the construction industry. The research is limited to interviews undertaken in the Australian construction industry.Practical implicationsThe findings have important implications for research, policy and educational practice. For researchers they highlight the potential value of social identity and new institutional theories as novel conceptual lenses in future construction entrepreneurship research. They also raise new methodological questions regarding the use of ethnographic methods which are relatively rare in construction research. This research also has important implications for educators in informing novel pedagogies for delivering entrepreneurial education which engages students in experiential learning. The findings also inform innovation policy to enable more entrepreneurship in what is seen widely as a low-innovation industry.Social implicationsThere is widespread agreement about the importance of entrepreneurship as a driver of increased productivity, income, employment, ecological health and social equality and mobility in society. This is especially important to minority groups such as refugees and Indigenous people who employ entrepreneurship to circumvent the many barriers they face in gaining traditional employment in the construction industry.Originality/valueDrawing on both psychological and sociological schools of thought in entrepreneurship theory, this paper answers calls for more qualitative and industry-specific entrepreneurship research. It contributes new insights to both mainstream and construction entrepreneurship research by contributing new insights by highlighting situational and individual factors which motivate entrepreneurs to start a business in construction.
Does organisational culture determine performance differentials in the hospitality industry? Evidence from the hotel industry
Authors: Seidu Samira , Opoku Mensah Abigail , Issau Kassimu , Amoah-Mensah Aborampah 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine performance differentials in the hospitality industry through organisational culture.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted the positivism philosophy, thus relying on the quantitative approach. A structured questionnaire was deployed to gather data from 162 sampled respondents.FindingsThe study finds that mission, involvement and consistency as dimensions of organisational culture have a significant positive relationship with performance of the hotels. However, adaptability as an organisational culture dimension has no statistically significant relation with performance.Practical implicationsThrough this study, key stakeholders in the hospitality industry will understand that deploying organisational culture in businesses is important in enhancing performance of businesses.Originality/valueThe study is underpinned by the organisational excellence theory, and its main contribution to the literature is by proposing that when firms deploy excellent cultural attributes, their performance will improve.
Experimental evidence of strong relationships between soil microbial communities and plant germination
Authors: Eldridge David J. , Travers Samantha K. , Val James , Ding Jingyi , Wang Jun‐Tao , Singh Brajesh K. , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Plant‐associated microbes play essential roles in nutrient uptake and plant productivity, but their role in driving plant germination, a critical stage in the plant life cycle, is still poorly understood.

We used data from a large‐scale, field‐based soil seed bank study to examine the relationship among plants germinating from the seed bank and soil microbial community composition. We combined this with an experiment using 34 laboratory‐based microcosms whereby sterile soil was inoculated with microbes from different field sites to examine how microbes affect the germination of nine plant species.

The community composition of plants in the soil seed bank was highly and significantly associated with bacterial and fungal community composition, with stronger correlations for soil beneath plant canopies. Microbes predicted a unique portion of the variation in the community composition of germinants after accounting for differences in environmental variables. The strongest correlations among microbes and plant functional traits included those related to perenniality, growth form, plant size, root type and seed shape. Our microcosm study showed that different plant species had their own associated germination microbiome, and most plant–microbe interactions were positive during germination.

Synthesis. Our study provides evidence for intimate relationships between plant and soil biodiversity during germination. Our work fills an important knowledge gap for plant–microbe interactions and reveals valuable insights into the shared natural history of plants and microbes in terrestrial ecosystems.
Policy actors' perceptions on applying a SDH approach in child health policy in Australia: A cross‐disciplinary approach (public health and political science)
Authors: Littleton Clare , Star Cassandra , Fisher Matt , Ward Paul R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractResearch suggests policy action on the social determinants of health (SDH) is required to reduce child health inequities (HE). However, there has been limited action in this area in Australia. Political will has been identified as a barrier but few public health scholars have conducted research which adopts a political science perspective to explore this issue. This study aims to address this gap in the literature. We conducted 27 semi‐structured interviews with policy actors involved in the development of four Australian child/youth health policies selected as relatively good practice in addressing the SDH and HE. Several political science theories guided the design of the study with the Shiffman and Smith framework predominantly used, and adapted, for analysis. The findings suggest policy development was supported by a cohesive policy network, including credible leaders. Framing of issues varied with early childhood development, health equity, and child rights being clear motivators for change. Policy actors used several tactics to navigate a neoliberal policy environment and promote a SDH agenda including adopting a credible framework; consultation with children/youth; establishing an institute outside of government; engaging medical entrepreneurs; and combining a Public Health and Wellbeing Act with a healthy cities approach.
Do SGLT‐2 inhibitors exhibit similar cardiovascular benefit in patients with heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction?
Authors: Singh Awadhesh Kumar , Singh Ritu , Misra Anoop 
Published: April 2021

摘要SGLT‐2抑制剂(SGLT‐2i)对心力衰竭患者的心血管有益已为人所知。SGLT‐2i在射血分数降低或保持不变的心力衰竭患者中是否具有类似的心血管效应尚不清楚。这项meta分析显示，SGLT‐2i与心力衰竭的类型无关，具有相似的心血管益处。未来的试验将证实或驳斥SGLT‐2i对射血分数保持不变的心力衰竭患者的心血管效应。