bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PREPARING AND CONDUCTING CHILDREN'S HEALTH IN THE SUMMER HOLIDAYS
Authors: Галина Бондаренко  
Published: April 2021

The article presents the publication of Andriychenko D., the director of the Velikoliubinsky orphanage of Gorodotsky district of Lviv region. The Velykoliubynsky orphanage began its work in 1944. In 1962, it was reorganized into the Velykoliubynsky auxiliary boarding school. Today it is the Municipal Institution of the Lviv Regional Council «Velykoliubynska special boarding school of I-II degrees». The publication describes the preparation and conduct of rehabilitation of children of the orphanage during the summer holidays. It is established that the children’s camp plays a leading place in the organization and a variety of summer recreation. Children's camp is a way for a child to relax, combine learning, sports competitions, educational games, educational excursions, thematic groups, etc. Preparation for summer vacation is considered, taking into account the choice of camp location. It was found that work during the recovery of children in the summer is one of the important elements of education. It has been found that children’s nutrition, afternoon sleep and adherence to the daily routine are important rules for improving the children health in the summer period of recovery. It is determined that conducting trips and excursions to explore the native land closely acquaints children with nature. The practice of children’s naturalistic work is described, which promotes better understanding and consolidation of theoretical knowledge. The importance of socially useful work during summer camp rest is described. The importance of such a close connection has a great effect on the moral upbringing of children. It is established that the perfect organization of improvement, gives positive consequences. After all the pupils' organism strengthen, children, get new knowledge, abilities, labour skills.
SOCIO-COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVITY OF JUNIOR SCHOOICHILDREN IN THE CONTEXTS EDUCATIONAL PARADIGM OF THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL
Authors: Вікторія Бондаренко  
Published: April 2021

The article examines the social and communicative activity of primary school children as an individual's actual ability in the process of successful implementation of the concept of the New Ukrainian School.The purpose of the publication is to identify and outline the relationship in the process of forming a comprehensively competent personality between social and communicative activity and key competencies, social literacy, socialization perspective, creative thinking, social interaction, worldview, communicative literacy, teamwork and adult, primary schoolchildren's proactive behaviour.On the one way, due to the introduction of the concept of the New Ukrainian School for the formation of social and communicative activity of primary school children, new favourable psychological and pedagogical conditions are opening up. On the other way – the possession of a person's social and communicative activity or the presence of its natural potentials simplifies the process of forming a vitally competent person.The need for a comparative analysis of social and communicative activity and the conceptual paradigm of the New Ukrainian School is caused by the need for a qualitative change in the educational process in educational institutions and the low level of social and communicative competence of junior students. In the course of the research, it was revealed that the concept of the New Ukrainian School is focused on the intensive formation of the personality of primary schoolchildren in his social and communicative activity. In order to form a valuable and vitally competent personality, in our opinion, it is necessary to create psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of social and communicative activity, based on the conceptual provisions of the New Ukrainian School.
NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT LEGAL KNOWLEDGE OF A FUTURE HISTORY AND LEGAL TEACHER
Authors: Дар’я Коваль  
Published: April 2021

The article defines the category of “knowledge of the law”, reveals their components ‒ the level, scope and content of legal information. The relation between the concepts of “information” and “knowledge” has been established. Necessary and sufficient legal knowledge for the future teacher of history and jurisprudence have been identified, which includes: a system of historical, legal and psychological-pedagogical knowledge necessary and sufficient for professional activity, their breadth, volume, depth; mastering the process of acquiring this knowledge with subsequent use of it in educational and legal activities; focus on studying the law, legal literature, solving legal situations and considering social and legal problems, seeking information on changes in the social and legal life of society and the state, studying historical and legal disciplines, the legal status of a person, free operation of elementary legal concepts, awareness of the need for legal knowledge, knowledge of human and child rights in future professional activity and their proper application in defending their views, positions. The levels of legal knowledge sufficiency are set: high, medium, low, according to the characteristics: breadth of legal knowledge, their volume, depth. The high level includes students whose breadth, volume, depth of legal knowledge make it possible to always find the right legal criterion for personal action, on the one hand, and on the other, require legitimate behaviour and correct judgment from others. For intermediate-level students, interest in legal knowledge is limited to the “required” curriculum. Students with low levels of interest in law are unstable, with many gaps in legal knowledge. In general, the level of knowledge is insufficient to understand legal relations. Students do not have the necessary skills and abilities to conduct law enforcement work with students.
Visualizing and exploring nonlinear behavior, timescales, and mechanical signatures of human blood
Authors: Armstrong Matthew , Milner Erin , Nguyen Chi , Corrigan Trevor , Lee Yu-Fan 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Human blood is a thixo-elasto-visco-plastic (TEVP) material that exhibits unique fluctuations in mechanical properties based on physiology, and shear rate. We demonstrate new visual tools to help visualize and characterize these varied mechanical properties. OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to demonstrate contemporary visual and numerical tools to help visualize and characterize the varied mechanical properties of human blood. METHODS: Using the ARESG2 strain-controlled rheometer with double wall couette geometry and eight human blood donors, with lab test results, elastic and viscous properties are investigated using Series of Physical Processes (SPP) and MITLaos to both analyze and visualize the mechanical signatures of the blood. RESULTS: Variations of mechanical properties are shown via SPP generated Cole-Cole plots and MITLaos analysis. These variations are a function of physiological properties of blood on the day of the blood draw based on hematocrit, fibrinogen, cholesterol, triglycerides, and a host of other proteins and constituents. Each rheological experiment with blood is replicated with an analogous experiments with 0.04 wt% xanthan in glycerol, and water to demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the human blood, and its rheological signatures are unique to human blood. CONCLUSIONS: Human blood is proven to be a TEVP material, as shown on a series of Cole-Cole plots for eight different donors, at two different frequency and strain amplitude combinations. Variations in Cole-Cole plots for each donor are shown. MITLaos average mechanical properties are calculated and shown. Aggregated elastic and viscous projections and a Cole-Cole plot is shown for Donors 1–8, along with 95% confidence interval.
INFORMATION MODEL OF THE STANDARDIZATION OBJECT AS THE BASIS OF DETERMINATION OF NORMATIVE REQUIREMENTS WITH APPLICATION OF PARAMETRIC STANDARDIZATION METHOD
Authors: Omelianenko Maksym , Omelianenko Maryna 
Published: April 2021

The article explains the viability of designing an information model of the standardization object (facilities or territory, their parts) as a foundation for setting statutory requirements using a parametric standardization method.
To establish a contemporary normative base of the construction industry, one should comprehensively review methodological approaches to the definition of normative requirements for standardization objects. Normative assurance should be mobile and should promptly respond to changes in consumer needs regarding the forming environment and its elements. Therefore, development of a new concept of normative requirements is one of the crucial objectives in construction industry standard setting.
The efficiency of normative assurance affects industry performance, the level of consumer satisfaction with the forming living conditions and human activities.
An important step in creating the new concept is to develop the efficient information model of the standardization object, which will lie at the root of developing new up-to-date normative requirements. This information model should be based on consumer needs. It is worth mentioning that such an information model is a dynamic system because of constantly changing consumer demands and integration of new technologies and materials in construction operations.
Efecto de la normalización de TSH y T4 libre sobre el perfil lipídico en población pediátrica con hipotiroidismo primario
Authors: Rivera-Hernández Aleida , Rojas-Martínez Raúl , Mendoza-Zubieta Victoria , Balcázar-Hernández Lourdes 
Published: April 2021

El hipotiroidismo ha sido asociado con dislipidemia. Su tratamiento con levotiroxina ha mostrado un efecto positivo sobre el perfil lipídico en adultos, siendo poco descrito en población pediátrica.Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la normalización del perfil tiroideo sobre el perfil lipídico en niños con hipotiroidismo primario.Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo en niños de 6 a 16 años de edad, con diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo primario por tiroiditis de Hashimoto, en tratamiento con levotiroxina, y que contaron con evaluación de lípidos séricos antes y durante su tratamiento. Se evaluó el perfil lipídico en 2 tiempos: el primero, referido como “antes del tratamiento con levotiroxina” (al diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo primario) y el segundo, referido como “a la normalización del perfil tiroideo”. Se registraron datos sociodemográficos y antropométricos. La evaluación del perfil lipídico consistió en la determinación sérica de colesterol total (CT), colesterol de alta densidad (HDL-C) y TG. El fenotipo de las dislipidemias se caracterizó a través de la clasificación de Fredrickson.Resultados: Se incluyeron 72 pacientes (61% mujeres; edad de 11,5 ± 2,9 años), de los cuales 58,3% (n = 42) presentó dislipidemia pretratamiento. En estado hipotiroideo, se evidenció la correlación de TSH con CT (r = 0,36; p = 0,002), LDL-C (r = 0,46; p = 0,01) y HDL-C (r = -0,33; p = 0,004). A la normalización del perfil tiroideo se evidenció la reducción de CT [184 mg/dL (RIC 92-322) vs 147 mg/dL (RIC 92-283); p = 0,05], LDL-C [99 mg/dL (RIC 44-232) vs 82 mg/dL (RIC 41-168); p = 0,02], TG [113 mg/dL (RIC 50-483) vs 88 mg/dL (RIC 16-343); p = 0,03] y de la frecuencia de dislipidemia [58,3% vs 22,2%; p = 0,001), así como la corrección de CT con TG (r = 0,35; p = 0,02) y LDL-C (r = 0,88; p = 0,01). La persistencia de dislipidemia se asoció con obesidad (r = 0,27; p = 0,02), sobrepeso (r = 0,58; p = 0,001) y dislipidemia pretratamiento (r = 0,53; p = 0,001).Conclusiones: Existe una asociación entre TSH, CT, LDL-C y HDL-C en hipotiroidismo. Al normalizarse el perfil tiroideo, se evidenció una reducción de CT, TG, LDL-C y frecuencia de dislipidemia. La dislipidemia persistente post-tratamiento se asoció con obesidad, sobrepeso y dislipidemia pretratamiento.
Recomendaciones de organización, diseño, características y funcionamiento de servicios o unidades de neonatología
Authors: Bajaña R. Galo , Carvajal E. Fernando , Cifuentes R. Javier Alejandro , Gallardo C. Pamela , Kattan S. Javier , Méndez F Álvaro , Salinas T. José Antonio , Sandino P. Daniela , Urzúa B. Soledad 
Published: April 2021

La atención neonatal ha experimentado importantes avances que involucran tecnología para el tratamiento y monitorización, diseño de los espacios de atención, incorporación de profesionales de apoyo y especialmente el fortalecimiento de un modelo de organización en redes con centros de distintos niveles de complejidad. Las unidades neonatales deben ubicarse en instituciones con servicios de maternidad e idealmente con servicios de pediatría de complejidad equivalentes. Este documento define criterios de admisión según el nivel de complejidad y criterios de traslado entre los diferentes niveles. La evidencia recomienda un diseño de pieza individual por los beneficios asociados: disminución de ocurrencia y mejor control de infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud, favorecer la lactancia y la interacción con los padres. Los tamaños sugeridos favorecen la implementación del modelo de atención centrado en la familia. Estas recomendaciones establecen la posibilidad de realizar procedimientos quirúrgicos de urgencia en la unidad neonatal y los requerimientos de seguridad de la planta física. Se define la dotación de recursos humanos según nivel de complejidad reconociendo el tiempo dedicado a actividades no asistenciales, pero necesarias para la gestión. La atención neonatal debe ser liderada por el neonatólogo como subespecialista, permitiendo la participación de pediatras generales con formación y experiencia demostrada en la atención neonatal. Las matronas o enfermeras deben contar con capacitación certificada en neonatología. Además, se definen requerimientos de profesionales de apoyo tales como, nutricionistas, psicólogos, kinesiólogos, terapistas ocupacionales, fonoaudiólogos químico-farmacéuticos y asistentes sociales. El objetivo de este documento es actualizar las “Recomendaciones sobre Organización, Características y Funcionamiento de Servicios o Unidades de Neonatología” para que sirvan como orientación y guía para el diseño y la gestión neonatal de los centros de atención de salud pública y privada del país.
Nuclear photonics: results and prospects
Authors: Nedorezov V G , Rykovanov S G , Savel’ev A B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We review the modern state of research in a new scientific field that has emerged recently: nuclear photonics. The name is primarily associated with the development of new-generation gamma-ray sources based on traditional and laser–plasma electron accelerators. The use of the Compton backscattering method to ensure the required parameters of gamma-ray beams provides a high energy and high intensity of the beam, low angular divergence, and a high degree of polarization. Beams of ions, neutrons, and other particles can also be formed using modern high-power laser systems. Overall, the sources produced allow solving a number of important fundamental and applied problems, including optical anisotropy effects in nuclei and studies of nonlinear quantum electrodynamic effects in strong electromagnetic fields and of the excitation of nuclear isomers. Among the important applied problems are the generation of neutrons and positrons, laboratory astrophysics, the development of nuclear nonproliferation inspection systems, and nuclear medicine and biology.
Combating Ug99 - Current Scenario
Authors: Afzal Amir , Ali Sayad R. , Ijaz Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad 
Published: April 2021

The yield potential of wheat crop is not achieved abundantly because of disease pressure. One of the most destructive of such diseases is stem rust (SR). SR caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), had been controlled successfully during three decades throughout the world with deployment of semi-dwarf resistant cultivars in the last half of previous century. During 1999 appearance and dispersion of stem rust race Ug-99 in Uganda (a virulent race against Sr31) created an alarming situation worldwide. Widespread germplasm was protected by gene Sr31 found susceptible to this terrible strain as the gene was protecting 80% wheat lines cultivated throughout planet. The emergence of the Ug99 race of stem rust in Africa and the Middle East together with the appearance of new strains in Europe catalyzed a main effort to recognize sources of stem rust resistance genes against new virulent strains and incorporate these genes into wheat lines. Scientific community addressed the dilemma in time and efforts did not go waste. Worldwide concern regarding the danger to global wheat production caused by Ug99 led to breeding wheat for durable resistance against disease and achieved considerably. This success is attributed to team work of experts and serves as an example for research workers in future. However, the continued emergence of stem rust variants that overcome new resistance genes, demands an amplified emphasis on pathogen evolution and virulence mechanisms. A major role for BGRI is to keep ‘the eye on the ball’ with regard to all these aspects. This article enables us to design strategy to tackle a situation which appears without alarm but in this case intellectuals coordinated each other and solution became possible. The same principle does not apply in plant pathology but in Human pathology and Veterinary pathology.
LCZ696 Attenuated Doxorubicin-Induced Chronic Cardiomyopathy Through the TLR2-MyD88 Complex Formation
Authors: Ye Shiju , Su Lan , Shan Peiren , Ye Bozhi , Wu Shengjie , Liang Guang , Huang Weijian 
Published: April 2021

Background and PurposeThe profibrotic and proinflammatory effects induced by doxorubicin (DOX) are key processes in the development of serious heart damage. Lack of effective drugs and the unclear mechanisms of its side effects limit the clinical treatment of DOX-induced cardiac injury. This study aimed to explore the protective role of LCZ696 and the potential mechanism of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in doxorubicin-induced cardiac failure.Experimental ApproachDOX (5 mg/kg/week, three times) was used to establish a chronic cardiomyopathy mouse model. Heart function tests, pathology examinations and molecular biology analyses were used to explore the effects of LCZ696 and TLR2 deficiency in vivo and in vitro. Computational docking was applied to predict the key residues for protein-ligand interaction.Key ResultsThe EF% declined, and the LVIDd, pro-fibrosis marker levels and NF-κB related inflammatory response increased in the chronic cardiomyopathy group induced by DOX. LCZ696 treatment and TLR2 deficiency reversed these heart damage in vivo. In H9C2 cells, pre-treatment with LCZ696 and TLR2 knockdown suppressed the DOX-induced high expression of profibrotic and proinflammatory markers. Moreover, DOX notably increased the TLR2-MyD88 interaction in vivo and in vitro, which was inhibited by LCZ696. Finally, we demonstrated the direct interaction between DOX and TLR2 via hydrogen bonds on Pro-681 and Glu-727 and Pro-681 and Ser-704 may be the key residues by which LCZ696 affects the interaction between DOX and TLR2.Conclusion and ImplicationsLCZ696 prevents DOX-induced cardiac dilation failure, fibrosis and inflammation by reducing the formation of TLR2-MyD88 complexes. LZC696 may be a potential effective drug to treat DOX-induced heart failure.
Mycobacterium PPE31 Contributes to Host Cell Death
Authors: Feng Siyuan , Hong Zhongsi , Zhang Guoliang , Li Jiachen , Tian Guo-Bao , Zhou Haibo , Huang Xi 
Published: April 2021

Genome scale mutagenesis identifies many genes required for mycobacterial infectivity and survival, but their contributions and mechanisms of action within the host are poorly understood. Using CRISPR interference, we created a knockdown of ppe31Mm gene in Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum), which reduced the resistance to acid medium. To further explore the function of PPE31, the ppe31 mutant strain was generated in M. marinum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), respectively. Macrophages infected with the ppe31Mm mutant strain caused a reduced inflammatory mediator expressions. In addition, macrophages infected with M. marinum Δppe31Mm had decreased host cell death dependent on JNK signaling. Consistent with these results, deletion of ppe31Mtb from M. tuberculosis increased the sensitivity to acid medium and reduced cell death in macrophages. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both ppe31 mutants from M. marinum and M. tuberculosis resulted in reduced survival in macrophages, and the survivability of M. marinum was deceased in zebrafish due to loss of ppe31Mm. Our findings confirm that PPE31 as a virulence associated factor that modulates innate immune responses to mycobacterial infection.
By Regulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome Can Reduce the Release of Inflammatory Factors in the Co-Culture Model of Tuberculosis H37Ra Strain and Rat Microglia
Authors: Xie Zhen , Hui Hao , Yao Qian , Duan Yan , Li Wu , Cheng Ye , Zhang Meng , Tian Ye , Zhao Gang 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTuberculosis infection of the Central Nervous System can cause severe inflammation in microglia, and NLRP3 inflammasome is also an important source of inflammation in microglia. Therefore, in this study, we used a co-culture model of rat microglia and tuberculosis H37Ra strain to explore the influence of tuberculosis infection on the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and its regulation mechanism.MethodsWe cultured primary microglia from SD rats and co-cultured with tuberculosis H37Ra strain for 4 hours to establish a co-culture model. At the same time, MCC950, Z-YVAD-FMK, BAY-11-7082, Dexamethasone, RU486, BzATP, BBG and extracellular high potassium environment were used to intervene the co-cultivation process. Subsequently, western blot, real-time PCR, ELISA and other methods were used to detect the changes of NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules in microglia.ResultsAfter co-cultivation, the NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia were activated and released a large amount of IL-18 and IL-1β. By regulating NLRP3 inflammasome complex, caspase-1, NF-κB and P2X7R during the co-culture process, it could effectively reduce the release of IL-18 and IL-1β, and the mortality of microglia.ConclusionOur results indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway is an important part of the inflammatory response of microglia caused by tuberculosis infection. By intervening the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, it can significantly reduce the inflammatory response and mortality of microglia during the tuberculosis H37Ra strain infection. This research can help us further understand the inflammatory response mechanism of the central nervous system during tuberculosis infection and improve its treatment.