bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the distal resection margin on local recurrence after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and rectal excision for locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Song Seung Ho , Park Jun Seok , Choi Gyu-Seog , Seo An Na , Park Soo Yeun , Kim Hye Jin , Lee Sung-Min , Yoon Ghilsuk 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate whether a short distal resection margin (< 1 cm) was associated with local recurrence in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Patients with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by curative surgery were divided into two groups based on the distal resection margin (≥ 1 cm and < 1 cm). In total, 507 patients were analyzed. The median follow-up duration was 48.9 months. The 3-year local recurrence rates were 2% and 8% in the ≥ 1 cm and < 1 cm groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed that a distal resection margin of < 1 cm was a significant risk factor for local recurrence (P = 0.008). Subgroup analysis revealed that a distal resection margin of < 1 cm was not an independent risk factor for local recurrence in the ypT0–1 group. However, among patients with tumor stages ypT2–4, the cumulative 3-year incidences of local recurrence were 2.3% and 9.8% in the ≥ 1 cm and < 1 cm groups, respectively (P = 0.01). A distal resection margin of < 1 cm might influence local recurrence rates in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy, especially in patients with tumor stages ypT2–4.
Bone defect map of the true acetabulum in hip dysplasia (Crowe type II and III) based on three-dimensional image reconstruction analysis
Authors: Wen Xinggui , Zuo Jianlin , Liu Tong , Gao Zhongli , Xiao Jianlin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe high hip center technique (HHC) is considered to be feasible for acetabular reconstruction in patients with DDH, but there is little in-depth study of its specific impact on Crowe type II and III DDH. The purpose of this study was to simultaneously analyze the effect of HHC on bone coverage of the cup (CC) in the acetabular reconstruction of type II and III DDH patients and to propose a map of acetabular bone defects from the perspective of the cup. Forty-nine hip CT data of 39 patients with DDH (Crowe type II and III) were collected to simulate acetabular reconstruction by cup models of different sizes (diameter 38mm–50 mm, 2 mm increment) with the HHC technique. The frequency distribution was plotted by overlapping the portions of the 44 mm cups that were not covered by the host bone. The mean CC of cups with sizes of 38 mm, 40 mm, 42 mm, 44 mm, 46 mm, 48 mm, and 50 mm at the true acetabula were 77.85%, 76.71%, 75.73%, 74.56%, 73.68%, 72.51%, and 71.75%, respectively, and the maximum CC increments were 21.24%, 21.58%, 20.86%, 20.04%, 18.62%, 17.18%, and 15.42% (P < 0.001), respectively, after the cups were elevated from the true acetabula. The bone defect map shows that 95% of type II and III DDH acetabula had posterosuperior bone defects, and approximately 60% were located outside the force line of the hip joint. Acetabular cups can meet a CC of more than 70% at the true acetabulum, and approximately 60% of Crowe type II and III DDH patients can obtain satisfactory CC at the true acetabulum by using a 44-mm cup without additional operations.
Cycloalkane-modified amphiphilic polymers provide direct extraction of membrane proteins for CryoEM analysis
Authors: Higgins Anna J. , Flynn Alex J. , Marconnet Anaïs , Musgrove Laura J. , Postis Vincent L. G. , Lippiat Jonathan D. , Chung Chun-wa , Ceska Tom , Zoonens Manuela , Sobott Frank , Muench Stephen P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMembrane proteins are essential for cellular growth, signalling and homeostasis, making up a large proportion of therapeutic targets. However, the necessity for a solubilising agent to extract them from the membrane creates challenges in their structural and functional study. Although amphipols have been very effective for single-particle electron cryo-microscopy (cryoEM) and mass spectrometry, they rely on initial detergent extraction before exchange into the amphipol environment. Therefore, circumventing this pre-requirement would be a big advantage. Here we use an alternative type of amphipol: a cycloalkane-modified amphiphile polymer (CyclAPol) to extract Escherichia coli AcrB directly from the membrane and demonstrate that the protein can be isolated in a one-step purification with the resultant cryoEM structure achieving 3.2 Å resolution. Together this work shows that cycloalkane amphipols provide a powerful approach for the study of membrane proteins, allowing native extraction and high-resolution structure determination by cryoEM.
Landomycins as glutathione-depleting agents and natural fluorescent probes for cellular Michael adduct-dependent quinone metabolism
Authors: Terenzi Alessio , La Franca Mery , van Schoonhoven Sushilla , Panchuk Rostyslav , Martínez Álvaro , Heffeter Petra , Gober Redding , Pirker Christine , Vician Petra , Kowol Christian R. , Stoika Rostyslav , Salassa Luca , Rohr Jürgen , Berger Walter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLandomycins are angucyclines with promising antineoplastic activity produced by Streptomyces bacteria. The aglycone landomycinone is the distinctive core, while the oligosaccharide chain differs within derivatives. Herein, we report that landomycins spontaneously form Michael adducts with biothiols, including reduced cysteine and glutathione, both cell-free or intracellularly involving the benz[a]anthraquinone moiety of landomycinone. While landomycins generally do not display emissive properties, the respective Michael adducts exerted intense blue fluorescence in a glycosidic chain-dependent manner. This allowed label-free tracking of the short-lived nature of the mono-SH-adduct followed by oxygen-dependent evolution with addition of another SH-group. Accordingly, hypoxia distinctly stabilized the fluorescent mono-adduct. While extracellular adduct formation completely blocked the cytotoxic activity of landomycins, intracellularly it led to massively decreased reduced glutathione levels. Accordingly, landomycin E strongly synergized with glutathione-depleting agents like menadione but exerted reduced activity under hypoxia. Summarizing, landomycins represent natural glutathione-depleting agents and fluorescence probes for intracellular anthraquinone-based angucycline metabolism.
Computing cliques and cavities in networks
Authors: Shi Dinghua , Chen Zhifeng , Sun Xiang , Chen Qinghua , Ma Chuang , Lou Yang , Chen Guanrong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractComplex networks contain complete subgraphs such as nodes, edges, triangles, etc., referred to as simplices and cliques of different orders. Notably, cavities consisting of higher-order cliques play an important role in brain functions. Since searching for maximum cliques is an NP-complete problem, we use k-core decomposition to determine the computability of a given network. For a computable network, we design a search method with an implementable algorithm for finding cliques of different orders, obtaining also the Euler characteristic number. Then, we compute the Betti numbers by using the ranks of boundary matrices of adjacent cliques. Furthermore, we design an optimized algorithm for finding cavities of different orders. Finally, we apply the algorithm to the neuronal network of C. elegans with data from one typical dataset, and find all of its cliques and some cavities of different orders, providing a basis for further mathematical analysis and computation of its structure and function.
Augmented CCL5/CCR5 signaling in brown adipose tissue inhibits adaptive thermogenesis and worsens insulin resistance in obesity
Authors: Chan Pei-Chi , Hung Li-Man , Huang Jiung-Pang , Day Yuan-Ji , Yu Chao-Lan , Kuo Feng-Chih , Lu Chieh-Hua , Tian Yu-Feng , Hsieh Po-Shiuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) and CCR5, one of its receptors have been reported to be highly expressed in white adipose tissue (WAT) and are associated with the progression of inflammation and the development of insulin resistance in obese humans and mice. However, the role of CCL5/CCR5 signaling in obesity-associated dysregulation of energy metabolism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that global CCL5/CCR5 double knockout (DKO) mice have higher cold stress-induced energy expenditure and thermogenic function in brown adipose tissue (BAT) than wildtype (WT) mice. DKO mice have higher cold stress-induced energy expenditure and thermogenic function in BAT than WT mice. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that deletion of CCL5/CCR5 further facilitated the cold-induced expression of genes related to oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and lipid metabolic pathways. In primary brown adipocytes of DKO mice, the augmentation of CL-316243-stimulated thermogenic and lipolysis responses was reversed by co-treatment with AMPKα1 and α2 short interfering RNA (siRNA). Overexpression of BAT CCL5/CCR5 genes by local lentivirus injection in WT mice suppressed cold stress-induced lipolytic processes and thermogenic activities. In contrast, knockdown of BAT CCL5/CCR5 signaling further up-regulated AMPK phosphorylation as well as thermogenic and lipolysis responses to chronic adrenergic stimuli and subsequently decreased level of body weight gain. Chronic knockdown of BAT CCL5/CCR5 signaling improved high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance in WT mice. It is suggested that obesity-induced augmentation of adipose tissue (AT) CCL5/CCR5 signaling could, at least in part, suppress energy expenditure and adaptive thermogenesis by inhibiting AMPK-mediated lipolysis and oxidative metabolism in thermogenic AT to exacerbate the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
Optimal control and stabilization for linear continuous‐time mean‐field systems with delay
Authors: Ma Xiao , Qi Qingyuan , Li Xun , Zhang Huanshui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper studies optimal control and stabilization problems for continuous‐time mean‐field systems with input delay, which are the fundamental development of control and stabilization problems for mean‐field systems. There are two main contributions: (1) To the best of the authors' knowledge, the present paper is the first to establish the necessary and sufficient solvability condition for this kind of optimal control problem with input delay, and to derive the analytical form of an optimal controller through overcoming the obstacle that separation principle no longer holds for multiplicative‐noise systems. (2) For the stabilization problem, under the assumption of exact observability, it is strictly proven that the system is stabilizable if and only if the algebraic Riccati equation has a unique positive definite solution.
[C II] 158 μm line emission from Orion A
Authors: Pabst C. H. M. , Goicoechea J. R. , Hacar A. , Teyssier D. , Berné O. , Wolfire M. G. , Higgins R. D. , Chambers E. T. , Kabanovic S. , Güsten R. , Stutzki J. , Kramer C. , Tielens A. G. G. M. 
Published: November 2021

Context. The [C II] 158 μm fine-structure line is the dominant cooling line of moderate-density photodissociation regions (PDRs) illuminated by moderately bright far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation fields. This makes this line a prime diagnostic for extended regions illuminated by massive stars.
Aims. We aim to understand the origin of [C II] emission and its relation to other tracers of gas and dust in PDRs. One focus is a study of the heating efficiency of interstellar gas as traced by the [C II] line to test models of the photoelectric heating of neutral gas by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules and very small grains.
Methods. We make use of a one-square-degree map of velocity-resolved [C II] line emission toward the Orion Nebula complex, and split this out into the individual spatial components, the expanding Veil Shell, the surface of OMC4, and the PDRs associated with the compact H II region of M43 and the reflection nebula NGC 1977. We employed Herschel far-infrared photometric images to determine dust properties. Moreover, we compared with Spitzer mid-infrared photometry to trace hot dust and large molecules, and velocity-resolved IRAM 30m CO(2–1) observations of the molecular gas.
Results. The [C II] intensity is tightly correlated with PAH emission in the IRAC 8 μm band and far-infrared emission from warm dust, with small variations between the four studied subregions (Veil Shell, OMC4, M43, and NGC 1977). The correlation between [C II] and CO(2-1) is very different in the four subregions and is very sensitive to the detailed geometry of the respective regions. Constant-density PDR models are able to reproduce the observed [C II], CO(2–1), and integrated far-infrared (FIR) intensities. The physical conditions in the Veil Shell of the Orion Nebula, M43, and NGC 1977 reveal a constant ratio of thermal pressure pth over incident FUV radiation field measured by G0. We observe strong variations in the photoelectric heating efficiency in the Veil Shell behind the Orion Bar and these variations are seemingly not related to the spectral properties of the PAHs.
Conclusions. The [C II] emission from the Orion Nebula complex stems mainly from moderately illuminated PDR surfaces. The correlations of the different tracers ([C II], FIR, CO, 70 μm, and 8 μm emission) show small variations that are not yet understood. Future observations with the James Webb Space Telescope can shine light on the PAH properties that may be linked to these variations.
New nickel opacities and their impact on stellar models
Authors: Hui-Bon-Hoa A. , Pain J.-C. , Richard O. 
Published: November 2021

Context.The chemical element nickel is of particular interest in stellar physics. In the layers in which the Fe-peak elements dominate the mean opacity (the so-called Z-bump), Ni is the second contributor to the Rosseland opacity after iron, according to the Opacity Project data. Reliable nickel cross sections are therefore mandatory for building realistic stellar models, especially for main-sequence pulsators such asβCep and slowly pulsating B stars, whose oscillations are triggered by theκ-mechanism of the Fe-peak elements. Unfortunately, the Opacity Project data for Ni were extrapolated from those of Fe, and previous studies have shown that they were underestimated in comparison to detailed calculations.Aims.We investigate the impact of newly computed monochromatic cross sections on the Rosseland mean opacity of Ni and on the structure of main-sequence massive pulsators. We compare our results with the widely used Opacity Project and OPAL data.Methods.Monochromatic cross sections for Ni were obtained with the SCO-RCG code. The Toulouse-Geneva evolution code was used to build the stellar models.Results.With the new data, the Rosseland opacities of Ni are roughly the same as those of the Opacity Project or OPAL at high temperatures (logT > 6). At lower temperatures, significant departures are observed; the ratios are up to six times higher with SCO-RCG. These discrepancies span a wider temperature range in the comparison with OPAL than in comparison with the Opacity Project. For massive star models, the results of the comparison with a structure computed with Opacity Project data show that the Rosseland mean of the global stellar mixture is only marginally altered in the Z-bump. The maximum opacity is shifted towards slightly more superficial layers. A new maximum appears in the temperature derivative of the mean opacity, and the driving of the pulsations should be affected.
Nicht-invasive Magnetomyografie mittels optisch gepumpter Magnetometer (OPM) – Charakteristika des Muskelaktionspotenzials
Authors: Marquetand Justus , Middelmann Thomas , Sometti Davide , Braun Christoph , Broser Philip J. 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Muskelaktionspotenzial ist ein Aktionspotential, die an der neuromuskulären Endplatte entsteht und sich über die Muskelfasern ausbreitet. Mittels der Magnetomyografie (MMG) ist es möglich, die Ausbreitung des Muskelaktionspotenzials entlang des Muskels nachzuverfolgen. Obwohl die Methode der MMG seit 1970 bekannt ist, konnte sie bisher wegen physikalischer Limitationen nicht weiterverfolgt werden. Diese Limitationen konnten in den letzten Jahren durch die technische Entwicklung von sogenannten optisch gepumpten Magnetometern (OPM) größtenteils überwunden werden, sodass man jetzt untersuchen kann, ob die MMG als eine neue oder zusätzliche neurophysiologische Methode sinnvoll angewendet werden kann. Wesentliche Vorteile der MMG bestehen darin, dass sie völlig kontaktlos und referenzfrei ist, eine räumliche Darstellung erlaubt und die magnetischen Signale nicht durch Haut oder Fettgewebe abgeschwächt werden. Die folgende Studie untersucht daher ein grundlegendes physiologisches Phänomen: Das Muskelaktionspotential nach der Auslösung eines Muskeleigenreflexes. Hierdurch wird eine allgemeine Einführung in die sich gegenwärtig etablierende Methode der MMG ermöglicht. Dabei wird gezeigt, dass die MMG nicht nur zusätzliche Informationen im Sinne einer räumlichen Darstellung ermöglicht, sondern auch neue und noch unbekannte Signale erfassen kann, die Ausdruck der Muskelkontraktion selbst sein könnten.
Bildgebung der Lunge bei Mukoviszidose – es muss nicht immer Strahlung sein
Authors: Bischoff Arved , Eichinger Monika , Wielpütz Mark O. 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Mukoviszidose (zystische Fibrose, CF) gilt als häufigste, früh zum Tod führende angeborene Erkrankung in der weißen Bevölkerung. Die Beteiligung der Lunge ist wesentlich für die eingeschränkte Lebensqualität und das vorzeitige Versterben der Betroffenen verantwortlich. In der Bildgebung der letzten 10 Jahre wird – immer häufiger und wann immer möglich – die strahlenfreie MRT den Bildgebungsverfahren mit ionisierender Strahlung vorgezogen.
Low incidence of colonic complications after severe Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O104:H4 infection
Authors: Fründt Thorben , Leuffert Julia , Groth Stefan , Rösch Thomas , Steurer Stefan , Lohse Ansgar W. , Ullrich Sebastian , Lüth Stefan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background In summer 2011, Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O104:H4 caused the most severe EHEC outbreak in Germany to date. The case of a previously recovered patient with symptomatic postinflammatory colonic stenosis following EHEC- infection prompted us to conduct a prospective study to assess the macro- and microscopic intestinal long-term damage in a cohort of patients who had suffered from severe EHEC colitis.
Methods Following EHEC infection in 2011, 182 patients were offered to participate in this study between January 2013 and October 2014 as part of the post-inpatient follow-up care at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and to undergo colonoscopy with stepwise biopsies. Prior to colonoscopy, medical history and persistent post-infectious complaints were assessed.
Results Out of 182 patients, 22 (12%) participated in the study, 18 (82%) were female. All patients had been hospitalized due severe EHEC enterocolitis: 20 patients (90%) had subsequently developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), 16 patients (72%) had additionally required dialysis. On assessment prior to colonoscopy, all patients denied any abdominal complaints before EHEC-infection but 8 (36%) patients reported persistent post-infectious symptoms. According to the ROME IV criteria, 4 (18%) patients met the definition for post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). In all patients with persistent symptoms, colonoscopies and histological examination were unremarkable. Only in one symptom-free patient, biopsy revealed a locally limited cryptitis of the caecum, while all patients without complaints had inconspicuous histological and endoscopical findings.
Conclusion Following infection colonic stenosis is a serious but rare long-term complication in patients who had suffered from severe enterocolitis. However, a significant proportion of these patients develop PI-IBS.
Gut gedacht, gut gemacht?
Authors: Lanz Christian J. 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungSeit 2019 gelten die Pflegepersonaluntergrenzen, die die Patientenversorgung sicherer machen und für Transparenz sorgen sollen. In diesem Jahr wurden sie nun um weitere pflegesensitive Bereiche erweitert. Hier ein Überblick zum Thema Personalbemessung.
Von Null auf Hundert – oder doch totes Pferd?
Authors: Lukuc Sarah 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungSie steht auf Messers Schneide: die Akademisierung in der Pflege. Eigentlich wollte die Politik die Akademisierungsquote in der Pflege erhöhen. Auf der anderen Seite wurde vor Kurzem die einzige pflegewissenschaftliche Fakultät Deutschlands in Vallendar geschlossen.
Binnenmigration und psychische Gesundheit in der Sächsischen
Längsschnittstudie – Relevante Faktoren 20 und 30 Jahre nach der
Wiedervereinigung
Authors: Kasinger Christoph , Otten Danielle , Stöbel-Richter Yve , Beutel Manfred E. , Zenger Markus , Brähler Elmar , Berth Hendrik 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungFragestellung Welche Faktoren spielen für die psychische Gesundheit von
Binnenmigrierten im Vergleich zu Nichtmigrierten eine Rolle?Methode Daten der
Sächsischen Längsschnittstudie aus den Jahren 2010 und 2020
wurden benutzt, um mithilfe von Bootstrapping-basierten Mediationsanalysen
Binnenmigrierte mit Nichtmigrierten in ihrem Grad der psychischen Belastung zu
vergleichen.Ergebnisse Binnenmigrierte berichteten 2010, aber nicht 2020,
weniger psychische Belastung. Dieser Effekt verschwand, nachdem Kovariaten und
Mediatoren inkludiert wurden. Wichtige Mediatoren waren Lebenssituation, enge
politische Verbundenheit mit der BRD, Gewinner der deutschen Einheit, Sicherheit
am Arbeitsplatz (2010) und Bedrohung durch Altersarmut und Erfahrungen mit dem
System (2020).Fazit Binnenmigration wirkt durch verschiedene Faktoren auf die
psychische Gesundheit. Insbesondere die aktuellen Lebensumstände spielen
dabei eine entscheidende Rolle.
Myokardinfarkt bei jungem Seminompatient während Chemotherapie mit Cisplatin, Etoposid und Bleomycin (PEB-Schema)
Authors: Brinkmann Mathias , Tallone Ezequiel Marcelo , Würschmidt Florian , Wülfing Christian , Dieckmann Klaus-Peter 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Keimzelltumoren des Hodens können durch Chemotherapie mit Cisplatin, Etoposid und Bleomycin (PEB) in weit über 90 % aller Fälle geheilt werden. Die Chemotherapie wird von den zumeist jungen Männern ohne schwerwiegende Komplikationen toleriert. Kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen sind äußerst selten, sind aber in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in den Fokus geraten.
Fallbericht Ein 33-jähriger Mann mit testikulärem Seminom im klinischen Stadium 2b wurde einer PEB-Chemotherapie unterzogen. Am Ende des ersten Zyklus dieser Therapie ereignete sich ein akuter ST-Hebungs-Infarkt (STEMI). Die Koronarangiografie zeigte eine umschriebene Stenose im proximalen Ramus circumflexus der linken Koronararterie mit einer Dissektion und thrombotischer Auflagerung bei sonst unauffälligem Gefäßstatus. Die Stenose konnte durch Stenteinlage versorgt werden. Die Seminomtherapie wurde fortgesetzt durch Strahlentherapie mit 30 Gy. Es wurde eine komplette Remission erreicht. 6 Monate später ist der Patient herzgesund und rezidivfrei.
Kommentar Bei etwa 0,3 % aller Chemotherapien bei Hodentumorpatienten treten schwerwiegende kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen auf. Als Ursache wird ein direkter Endothelschaden durch Cisplatin mit konsekutiver thrombotischer Auflagerung vermutet. Aufgrund fehlender Komorbidität ist die Prognose dieser Komplikationen zumeist günstig. Die behandelnden Personen sollen von dieser seltenen Komplikationsmöglichkeit wissen, damit im gegebenen Fall eine unverzügliche Diagnostik und Therapie eingeleitet werden kann.