bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of catheter related blood stream infections in an ICU of a tertiary care center in Northern India
Authors: Farhana Anjum , Basher Humaira , Alim Seema , Khan Shoiab 
Published: July 2021

Indwelling medical devices are frequently used in all health setting with critical care units of hospitals for treatment and intervention in patient care.Microorganisms attach to surfaces resulting in the formation of a biofilm which pose a serious public health issue because of its increased resistance to antimicrobial agents and the potential to cause infections.To determine the proportion of bacterial Biofilms in patients with central venous line and to find out the organisms most commonly associated with it.The study was carried out from January 2019 to September 2020. Positive cultures were obtained from 58 of these 102 samples. The isolates were then tested for in vitro production of biofilm using a microtitre plate assay. All the isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests on Muller-Hinton agar by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Demographic characteristics of the study subjects showed that among 102 catheterized patients isolated with males 58.82% and 41.1% females. Out of 58 isolates, 62.06% were gram negative bacteria (GNB) and 37.93% were gram positive. was most common isolate 27.58% followed by 20.68%, 15.5%, respectively. The total number of positive slime producers, in this study, was 23(39.6%). The highest number of strong slime producer strains was observed in case of (2 out of 5) (4 out of 12) and 3 out of 16)Antibiotic susceptibility patterns showed increased resistance towards penicillin and beta -lactum group of antibiotics, increased sensitivity to linezolid and vancomycin among gram positive organisms. Among gram negative bacteria increased resistance was seen for cephalosporins and aminigylycosides and least resistance for colistin.Colonization of indwelling medical devices with consequent biofilm production is a likely contributory factor to infections. The microorganisms survive in the hospital environment despite unfavourable conditions such as desiccation, nutrient starvation, and antimicrobial treatment. Resistance to antibiotics ladder is increasing and it’s necessary to take actions to reduce its hindrance in the future. Advanced studies in biofilm will help to prevent the more virulent factors which protect the bacteria from host immunity and to get rid of critical complications in therapy.
Antibacterial effect of titanium dioxide with or without silver as additive on staphylococcus aureus from clinical samples
Authors: Chinthaparthi Mallikarjuna Reddy , Bindu M Hima , Bandlapalli Chandana 
Published: July 2021

Antibiotic resistance has now become a perpetual global problem due to the emergence and reemergence of old and new multiresistant bacteria that there is a constant need of newer drugs to combat this phenomenon. Nanoparticles are now considered for their antibacterial effect and those such as Titanium dioxide have a good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, especially being non toxic to human skin and cost effective. This study was done to show the antibacterial effect of Titanium dioxide with and without Silver as addendum on Staphylococcus aureus strains from clinical samples. Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various clinical samples was inoculated onto peptone water and further inoculated onto glass slides coated with TiO2 annealed at 200C, 400C and onto TiO2 with 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.8% silver as additive at 1 hour intervals each. The growth was observed after 18 hours of incubation. The highest antibacterial effect was observed within 2 hours of treatment with 0.8% Ag on TiO2 nanoparticles, while it took longer with the other concentrations of silver. With TiO2 and 0.1% Ag, it took at least 7 hours of treatment for complete antibacterial effect though within the first hour itself the effect was observed. Though TiO2 nanoparticles in pure form have significant antibacterial effect, there is a considerable increase in its antibacterial effect when silver is added as an additive, with higher concentrations of Ag having more effect.
Incidence of secondary blood stream infections in Covid 19 (SARS-nCoV II.) patients
Authors: Shaikh Asmabanu , Patel Rachana , Marathe Anant 
Published: July 2021

The symptomatology and severity of covid-19 ranges widely depending on stage of infection. Most of the patients with mild to moderate disease can be managed without hospitalization. The patients with risk factors are likely to progress to severe disease. Patients developing secondary blood stream infections require longer hospital stay and are likely to develop fatal disease. The antibiotic selection is key to successful treatment of secondary BSI. This is cross-sectional study of 166 COVID 19 patients admitted to ICU of Parul Sevashram Hospital who developed sepsis like syndrome and were subjected to blood culture.Blood cultures were performed of all the patients developing sepsis like syndrome. IDSA guidelines were followed during blood collection for culture. Blood cultures were monitored on automated blood culture system. ID and susceptibility of all the isolates were performed on automated system (VITEK 2).A total of 1915 patients were reported RT-PCR positive for SARS nCoV2 during the period of 1st March2020 to 30 October 2020. 452 patients needed hospitalization based on their Oxygen saturation and co-morbidities. Out of 452, 166 patients developed sepsis like syndrome and were subjected to blood culture. The Blood culture positivity was 37/166 (22.28%). Gram positive bacteria were found in 48.64% while gram negative bacteria were 43.24%. The Enterococcus was the most common Gram positive bacterial isolates in patients. Candida was isolated in 2/37 positive blood cultures. Gram negative bacteria were isolated mostly amongst those patients who were on Ventilator. Most of the Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Clindamycin, Linezolid, Vancomycin, Daptomycin and Teicoplanin.The incidence rate of BSI was high. Early secondary blood stream infections were mostly endogenous. Enterococcus was the most common amongst Gram positive bacteria. Gram negative secondary bacterial infections were more common with patients on ventilator. The susceptibility pattern would help in decision making of empiric antibiotic therapy. Interestingly as described by some authors earlier the relationship between SARS nCoV 2 and Enterococci needs to be studied further.
A study of HIV/AIDS awareness among the ICTC clients in a tertiary care center
Authors: Yashaswini M K  , Rao K Archana , Sangeetha S  
Published: July 2021

HIV/AIDS poses a significant and one of the most genuine general well-being challenges. For HIV anticipation in the Indian scenario, the main plausible and financially savvy approach that can be adapted is proper training about HIV/AIDS and its various aspects. The present study was embraced to survey the degree of information and awareness about HIV/AIDS among clients attending ICTC facility in our hospital.A total of 200 clients, of age &#62;18yrs, attending the ICTC for HIV testing were studied over a period of 3 months. A questionnaire was prepared in regards to the methods of transmission, preventive techniques, mentality towards patient living with HIV/ AIDS and the source of HIV/ AIDS. The response of clients to the questionnaire was recorded.Among 200 participants, 97% were aware that unprotected sex is a mode of HIV transmission and 64% were aware that infected blood transfusion, use of unsterile needles and syringes contribute to other modes of HIV transmission. It was also noted that uneducated clients had a false perception that HIV can be transmitted by drinking water from same glass and by mosquito bite and this was statistically significant compared to educated individuals. The main source of acquiring positive information among the clients regarding HIV was observed to be television (32.5%). Stigma among the general public was mostly due to fear of contracting the illness. There is a requirement for more noteworthy endeavours toward making data with respect to HIV/AIDS accessible to all. The level of awareness regarding HIV/AIDS needs to be elevated among the public.
Law Philosophical Foundations of the Early Eastern States
Authors: Zaiets Anatolii 
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the elucidation of the ideological foundations of the law of the states of the early civilizations of the East, which last from the VII millennium BC (Sumer and Akkad, Babylon, India, China and Egypt). The spontaneously formed mythical, religious, moral and rational components of the worldview, as well as elements of philosophical doctrines are analyzed, traced as the unity of the notions of the gravity of sin and sinful behavior and even the community as a whole, caste character based on the idea of the inevitability of social inequality, the subordinate position of women, and significant differences in different legal systems, based on the specifics of economic structure and political system, civilizational and cultural differences, historical features of state formation, as well as worldviews of peoples, their understanding of the world, world order, natural and terrestrial laws. It is concluded that the general primary basis of the legal worldview of the peoples of the early states of the East are mythical and religious beliefs of peoples (as, incidentally, in all other early states), which served to explain the world order and justify the general laws of nature, and also served as a criterion for evaluating human actions.These ideas were based on common to all civilizations moral ideas about good and evil, justice and injustice, truth and injustice, moral and immoral. In philosophical treatises, in some literary and legal sources of the ancient East, one can find key common moral postulates that take long from the most ancient beliefs and religions and moral rules, known to science, and then reflected in Hinduism, Christianity, Islam. From the point of view of social and state ideology, the ruling elite was interested in spreading and affirming the notions of the sanctity and inviolability of the supreme power of rulers, who often combined religious and secular power. The laws of the rulers were also proclaimed by the commands of the gods, the highe rpowers, which must be strictly observed by all. This view of laws was reinforced by a system of severe punishments for violating them. Although this together helped to centralize the early states, to establish more effective protection against external enemies, and from the point of view of internal organization to keep the people firmly in subjection, it did not contribute to the development of ideals of individual freedom.
Criminal Influence and Feasibility of its Preservation in New Criminal Code of Ukraine
Authors: Nikitin Artem 
Published: July 2021

The concept of criminal influence, which was introduced into the Criminal Code of Ukraine in June 2020, has been highly criticized by the scientific community and practitioners, among other things, for violation of the principle of legal certainty and the rule of law. This article defines the main disadvantages of the provisions that establish criminal liability for acts related to criminal influence and analyzes the feasibility of preservation of these provisions in their original form in the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the possibility of their transfer to the draft of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is concluded that the mentioned norms should be at least substantially revised, with taking into account comments of the Ukrainian scientists, and cannot be transferred into the new criminal law as they are currently defined. Moreover, introduction of specific amendments to other laws is also required in this regard.The Working Group on the development of criminal law, as the author of the draft of the new Criminal Code, reasonably refused from the existing concept of the criminal influence. At the same time, they defined criminally punishable acts, which can be considered as a certain equivalent of the criminal influence (socalled “criminal leadership”). Provisions developed by the Working Group differ from the current by the more precise definition of specific actions, which constitute corpus delicti of criminal leadership, avoidance of jargon formulations, decrease of the terms of imprisonment for committing the relevant crimes, and diversification of criminal legal measures that can be applied to offender besides the punishment. In general, it appears that the Working Group avoided the main mistakes which are present in the current legislation. However, it is too early to draw conclusions regarding the acceptability of the proposed article of the new criminal law. Only after the draft of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine has been finished and its provisions can be analyzed altogether, final conclusions regarding the mentioned norms can be drawn.
Unjustified Assets Forfeiture: a Hidden Type of Punishment?
Authors: Khutor Tetiana 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this article is to determine whether the forfeiture of assets as a result of declaring them unjustified should be considered as a penalty.Provisions governing the recognition of assets unjustified and its further forfeiture in the state revenue (RAS) were introduced into the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine in 2015 and were criticized by the scientific community due to the similarities with the special confiscation provided by the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and were never implemented in practice. However, at the end of 2019, the essence of these provisions was dramatically changed via a combination of a foreign model of “non-conviction based forfeiture” and certain features of the crime of illicit enrichment. Right after the adoption of these new provisions, the members of the Ukrainian parliament initiated the constitutional petition. They claim that the RAS, being, in essence, a punishment, unreasonably deprives the party of protecting its rights and guarantees provided by the criminal legislation of Ukraine.Given the foreign origin of this legal mechanism and that this type of penalty was introduced into Ukrainian law not so long ago, the methodology of this research covers both analysis of current legislation, research of Ukrainian and foreign scholars, and the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. The analysis allowed us to assess to which extent the procedure, severity, nature, and objectives of unjustified assets forfeiture coincide with the procedure, severity, nature, and objectives of punishment.The results suggest that such a penalty can be considered as a punishment neither under the European Convention on Human Rights nor national legislation, as it does not, inter alia, prove or disprove the facts of any offense or the connection of assets with any offense and is not intended to punish and prevent from committing other offenses. Given the fundamental nature of the issue under investigation in the context of its constitutional appeal and the lack of practice of applying such a penalty in Ukraine as of the preparation of the present research, the article has theoretical and practical importance.
Biotopes mapping in the aspect of local econetworks formation on the example of the “Kreidova Flora” Nature Reserve
Authors: Spinova Yuliia 
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of mapping the biotopes of the “Kreidova Flora” Nature Reserve, which is one of the key areas of the eco-network of the local level of the newly created Kramatorsk district. This district includes almost entirely “Sviati Hory” National Nature Park, an object of the Nature Reserve Fund of Ukraine (NRF) with the highest amount of estimated points for a comprehensive assessment of sozological value, which belongs to a group of the first class. Two NRF objects (including the “Kreidova Flora” Nature Reserve) were from the group of the second class: one from the group of the third: nine from the group of the fifth class: and one from a group of the sixth class. The total number of points of the studied NRF objects of the newly created district is 465, which is a significant indicator. The key areas of the local level eco-network are the NRF with adjacent natural areas, which together form clusters. The ecological corridors of the local level are the river network of the district and the network of forest belts. As buffer zones for river-type eco-corridors, it is proposed to consider a minimum 200-meter water protection zone in accordance with Art. 87 of the Water Code of Ukraine. Restoration areas of the local econetwork of Kramatorsk district should be all areas with disturbed natural landscape (abandoned quarries, heaps), as well as abandoned agricultural lands, where it is proposed to introduce revalidation measures. The obtained maps and databases of distribution of different types of biotopes on the territory of the reserve will be the basis for its management plan, and this technique can be used within other structural elements of ecological networks. According to the same principle, it is considered necessary to conduct research in the entire study area, as well as other areas of Donetsk region.
Skin care for infants: A systematic review of the evidence-based
Authors: Tasdemir Halil Ibrahim , Efe Emine 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Newborns require special care because their skin is much more sensitive and thinner than adults. From the products to be selected to the umbilical cord care; prevention of the pus; Parents and health professionals should pay attention to some important points in so many issues ranging from bathing conditions. In this study, it is aimed to systematically examine the studies about skin care of newborns. Materials and Methods: A total of 2792 studies published between 2012 and 2019 were examined. A total of nine publications were included in the study and evaluated in terms of comparison, limitations and results. Results: From the few studies with comparable data, there was no evidence that there was no significant difference between the tested washing products and the water or the tested baby wipes and water. There was some evidence to suggest daily use of emollients in a full-body bath. However, the use of olive oil or sunflower oil for the baby's dry skin may adversely affect the skin barrier. There was no evidence of hair/scalp care or baby massage. Conclusion: Although there is evidence of significant randomized controlled trials comparing the use of certain products to water or another product alone for bathing, cleaning and diaper care, the strength of this evidence is low due to the inconsistency of the outcome measures in terms of treatment area or time. It is recommended to increase the number of randomized controlled trials with the appropriate methodology for skin care of newborns.
Keywords: Newborn, Skin care, Nursing care
Aportes de la Educación Musical en el Ámbito Emocional. Estado de la Cuestión en Colombia.
Authors: Gutiérrez Adriana Marien , Suesca Leyla Yolima , Cárdenas-Soler Ruth Nayibe 
Published: July 2021

La música es un medio de expresión universal que incide en diferentes factores de tipo emocional, social y cultural en las personas. En consecuencia, la formación musical es un escenario de aportes significativos a la integralidad del sujeto. El ámbito afectivo intra- e interpersonal es una de las dimensiones que más resulta impactada positivamente por la música. Este artículo socializa los resultados de la revisión de las publicaciones colombianas que dan cuenta del impacto de la educación musical en la dimensión emocional de niñas, niños y adolescentes, es decir, el abordaje psicológico de la educación musical en el país. Los resultados demuestran un creciente grupo de investigaciones, que denota la incidencia de la formación musical en el desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales y en el fortalecimiento del ámbito intrapersonal de los estudiantes. borrar.
PENGARUH HARGA TANAMAN PANGAN DAN UPAH PETANI TERHADAP KONSUMSI [THE INFLUENCE OF FOOD CROPS PRICES AND FARMERS' WAGES ON CONSUMPTION]
Authors: Suwu Selvi Esther , Panjaitan Andry 
Published: July 2021

<p>This study aims to determine the effect of crops prices and farmers' wage on consumption rate in Indonesia. Agriculture is one of the primary sectors when it comes to fulfilling society's needs and livelihood. Indonesia's developing economic rate today displays the development of our agricultural sector, which is related to farmers' consumption rate. However, farmers could only afford it if they've obtained adequate wage. Farmers' income are heavily influenced by the prices of crops. This study utilized Eviews as the primary data processing software, in addition to that data was obtained secondarily from Badan Pusat Statistik (Statistics Indonesia). Secondary data obtained was 72 data from 2011 - 2016, containing real and nominal wage of farmers, crops' prices, and consumption rate in Indonesia. This study adopts quantitative research method and hypothesis was tested with regression model on the panel data. Results showed that the selected RE model and farmers 'wages significantly affected consumption rate, crops' prices did not have significant effect on consumption and no strong correlation between crops' prices and farmers' wages was found.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT:</strong> Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga tanaman pangan dan upah petani terhadap konsumsi di Indonesia. Sektor pertanian masih menjadi salah satu sektor utama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat maupun sebagai mata pencarian. Berkembangnya perekonomian di Indonesia memperlihatkan juga perkembangan sektor pertaniannya yang kemudian berkaitan dengan konsumsi petani, sedangkan petani mampu untuk mengkonsumsi jika ada upah yang memadai. Pendapatan atau upah petani salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh harga tanaman pangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Eviews sebagai software pengolah data, data diperoleh dari data sekunder yaitu dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Data sekunder yang diambil sebanyak 72 data yang adalah data upah petani riil dan nominal, harga beberapa tanaman pangan dan data konsumsi di Indonesia, semua data diambil dari tahun 2011 sampai dengan 2016. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dan pengujian yang dilakukan dengan software Eviews yaitu regresi data panel. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah yang terpilih model RE dan upah petani berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap konsumsi, harga tanaman pangan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap konsumsi dan tidak ada korelasi yang kuat antara harga tanaman pangan dengan upah petani.</p>