bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current status of biobased and biodegradable food packaging materials: Impact on food quality and effect of innovative processing technologies
Authors: Nilsen‐Nygaard Julie , Fernández Estefanía Noriega , Radusin Tanja , Rotabakk Bjørn Tore , Sarfraz Jawad , Sharmin Nusrat , Sivertsvik Morten , Sone Izumi , Pettersen Marit Kvalvåg 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFossil‐based plastic materials are an integral part of modern life. In food packaging, plastics have a highly important function in preserving food quality and safety, ensuring adequate shelf life, and thereby contributing to limiting food waste. Meanwhile, the global stream of plastics into the oceans is increasing exponentially, triggering worldwide concerns for the environment. There is an urgent need to reduce the environmental impacts of packaging waste, a matter raising increasing consumer awareness. Shifting part of the focus toward packaging materials from renewable resources is one promising strategy. This review provides an overview of the status and future of biobased and biodegradable films used for food packaging applications, highlighting the effects on food shelf life and quality. Potentials, limitations, and promising modifications of selected synthetic biopolymers; polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, and polyhydroxyalkanoate; and natural biopolymers such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, alginate, gelatine, whey, and soy protein are discussed. Further, this review provides insight into the connection between biobased packaging materials and innovative technologies such as high pressure, cold plasma, microwave, ultrasound, and ultraviolet light. The potential for utilizing such technologies to improve biomaterial barrier and mechanical properties as well as to aid in improving overall shelf life for the packaging system by in‐pack processing is elaborated on.
Standardized methods for testing the quality attributes of plant‐based foods: Milk and cream alternatives
Authors: Grossmann Lutz , Kinchla Amanda J. , Nolden Alissa , McClements David Julian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe food industry is creating a diverse range of plant‐based alternatives to dairy products, such as milks, creams, yogurts, and cheeses due to the increasing demand from consumers for more sustainable, healthy, and ethical products. These dairy alternatives are often designed to mimic the desirable physicochemical, functional, and sensory properties of real dairy products, such as their appearance, texture, mouthfeel, flavor, and shelf‐life. At present, there is a lack of systematic testing methods to characterize the properties of plant‐based dairy alternatives. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate existing methods and recommend a series of standardized tests that could be used to quantify the properties of fluid plant‐based milk alternatives (milk and cream). These methods could then be used to facilitate the design of milk alternatives with somewhat similar attributes as real dairy milk by comparing their properties under standardized conditions. Moreover, they could be used to facilitate comparison of the properties of milk alternatives developed in different laboratories.
Chromosome‐level assembly of the mangrove plant Aegiceras corniculatum genome generated through Illumina, PacBio and Hi‐C sequencing technologies
Authors: Ma Dongna , Guo Zejun , Ding Qiansu , Zhao Zhizhu , Shen Zhijun , Wei Mingyue , Gao Changhao , Zhang Ludan , Li Huan , Zhang Shan , Li Jing , Zhu Xueyi , Zheng Hai‐Lei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAegiceras corniculatum is a major mangrove plant species adapted to waterlogging and saline conditions, grows in the coastal intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical regions. Here, we present a chromosome‐level genome assembly of A. corniculatum by incorporating PacBio long‐read sequencing and Hi‐C technology. The results showed that the PacBio draft genome size is 906.63 Mb. Hi‐C scaffolding anchored 885.06 Mb contigs (97.62% of draft assembly) onto 24 pseudochromosomes. The contig N50 and scaffold N50 were 7.1 Mb and 37.74 Mb, respectively. Out of 40,727 protein‐coding genes predicted in the study, 89% have functional annotations in public databases. We also showed that of the 603.93 Mb repetitive sequences predicted in the assembled genome, long terminal repeat retrotransposons constitute 41.52%. The genome evolution analysis showed that the A. corniculatum genome experienced two whole‐genome duplication events and shared the ancient γ whole‐genome triplication event. A comparative genomic analysis revealed an incidence of expansion in 1,488 gene families associated with essential metabolism and biosynthetic pathways, including photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, phenylalanine, glyoxylate, dicarboxylate metabolism, and DNA replication, which probably constitute adaptation traits that allow the A. corniculatum to survive in the intertidal zone. Also, the systematic characterization of genes associated with flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and the AcNHX gene family conducted in this study will provide insight into the adaptation mechanism of A. corniculatum to intertidal environments. The high‐quality genome reported here can provide historical insights into genomic transformations that support the survival of A. corniculatum under harsh intertidal habitats.
Comparing the Upper Triassic Deep‐sea Flysch of the Shannan Terrane with the Coeval Shallow Shelf Sediments of the Tethys Himalaya, Southern Tibet
Authors: LI Xianghui , MATTERN Frank 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe provenance and paleogeography of the Upper Triassic deep‐sea flysch Langjiexue Group (LG) of the Shannan Terrane in the northeastern Himalaya orogen, south of Yarlung Zangbo, have been disputed in recent years since its affinity to the Tethys Himalaya was suspected during the early 2000s. Based on the earlier discoveries of the Upper Permian–Triassic basalts and mafic dykes from the LG and of coeval detrital zircons from the Qulonggongba Formation (QF) in shallow shelf sediments of the Tethys Himalaya, the previous viewpoints on the basin and tectonics of the LG have been recently rejected. We compared the two units of the Upper Triassic, and our results reveal a number of differences, discrepancies, and inconsistencies in the debate, raising crucial questions on the postulation and provenance model of the remote Gondwanide Orogen for the LG. It is suggested that more observations and evidence are needed to further improve the paleogeographic understanding and relationship of the two units.
Population density modelling of mixed polymorphic phenotypes: an application of spatial mark‐resight models
Authors: Harihar A. , Lahkar D. , Singh A. , Das S. Kumar , Ahmed M. F. , Begum R. H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMelanism is a form of pigmentation polymorphism where individuals have darker colouration than what is considered the ‘wild’ phenotype. In the case of leopards,Panthera pardus, melanism occurs at higher frequencies amongst populations in tropical and subtropical moist forests of south and southeast Asia, presenting a unique challenge in estimating and monitoring these populations. Unlike the wild phenotype that is readily recognizable by its rosette patterns, melanism results in individuals being unidentifiable or ‘unmarked’ through photographic captures obtained using white flash cameras. Spatial mark‐resight (SMR) models that require only a subset of the population to be ‘marked’ offer the opportunity to estimate population density. In this study, we present an application of SMR models to estimate leopard densities using camera trap survey data from three sampling years at Manas National Park (MNP), India. By using an SMR model that allowed us to include captures of unidentified sightings of marked individuals, we were also able to incorporate captures where identity was either not confirmed or only known from a single flank. Following 18 674 trap‐days of sampling across three years, we obtained 728 leopard photo‐captures, of which 22.6% (165) were melanistic. We estimated leopard densities of 4.33, 2.61 and 3.37 individuals/100 km2across the 3 years. To our best knowledge, these represent the first known estimates of leopard densities from populations comprising both melanistic and wild phenotypes. Finally, we highlight that SMR models present an opportunity to revisit past camera trap survey data for leopards and other species such as Jaguars,P. onca, that exhibit phenotypic polymorphism towards generating valuable information on populations.
Sino‐Russian Cooperation on Soybean Development in the Russian Far East
Authors: Yi Fujin , Gudaj Richard T. , Arefieva Valeria , Yanbykh Renata , Mishchuk Svetlana , Potenko Tatiana A. , Zhou Jiayi , Zuenko Ivan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCommercial conflict has limited American soy exports to the biggest market, China, providing Russian farmers an opportunity to enter the Chinese market. The Russian Ministry of Agriculture and the Russian Soybean Union have established a program to promote soybean production and processing. Chinese farmers in the Russian Far East (RFE) and high profits from soybean production make new opportunities and challenges for local farmers. We analyze how the soybean development plan has fared so far and the role of Chinese farmers in Russia. The current Sino‐Russian agricultural agreement has little chance of increasing soybean production because of tariffs, unstable regulatory policies, and restrictions on seeds and labor. The scope of the soybean industry can be developed if Russian authorities will take a more liberal approach in Chinese‐Russian cooperation.
“The future of world psychiatry program”: An insight into the shaping of young psychiatrists
Authors: Chang Jane Pei‐Chen , Su Kuan‐Pin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDuring the 2015 WPA International Congress, Taiwan Young Psychiatrist Organization (TYPO) together with the collaboration of over 100 young psychiatrists launched “The Future of World Psychiatry Program” to facilitate collaboration among young psychiatrists and mentors globally. The program consisted of two “Meet the Expert Workshops,” four “Young Psychiatrists Symposiums,” and pre‐ and post‐WPAIC online social networking, where the mentors gave valuable advice and young psychiatrists shared their latest research findings. Future training programs may consider using this model and transform it into a virtual context to benefit more young psychiatrists globally.
Simultaneous laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair and pyloroplasty for a type 3 hiatal hernia with post‐ESD pyloric stenosis for early gastric cancer
Authors: Kubota Tetsushi , Idani Hitoshi , Ishida Michihiro , Choda Yasuhiro , Nakano Kanyu , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Shiozaki Shigehiro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe present a case of early gastric cancer in the pylorus with a type 3 hiatal hernia, which was treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). A 70‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital with a hiatal hernia. Endoscopy revealed early gastric cancer, and we performed an ESD adaptation at the pylorus. The ESD was successful, but post‐ESD pyloric stenosis occurred. Symptoms of hiatal hernia worsened because of the pyloric stenosis. Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair with Toupet fundoplication and Heineke‐Mikulicz pyloroplasty was simultaneously performed. The postoperative course was good, and follow‐up after discharge was uneventful. To our knowledge, there have been no reports in which laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair, fundoplication, and pyloroplasty were simultaneously performed for a substantial hiatal hernia with post‐ESD pyloric stenosis.
Induction of short‐term pseudopregnancy in gilts by the administration of estradiol benzoate or estradiol dipropionate to achieve ovulatory synchronization for embryo collection
Authors: Hirayama Yuri , Misumi Koji , Yoshioka Koji , Noguchi Michiko , Kikuchi Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA study was conducted to investigate whether ovulation in gilts could be synchronized for embryo collection by the administration of estradiol benzoate (EB) or estradiol dipropionate (EDP) to induce pseudopregnancy, followed by the treatment with prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) on 10 days after. Ten gilts each received a total of 20 mg of EB or EDP on Day 10 or EB on Day 10 and 14 to induce pseudopregnancy (Day 0 = onset of estrus). Donors received PGF2α10 or 15 days (as a control) after the first administration of estrogens and subsequently eCG and hCG, and were then inseminated artificially. The embryos were collected 7 days after the administration of hCG, and assessed for embryo yield and their developmental stages. All protocols resulted in good embryo yield (9.8–13.2 embryos in average), and the embryos showed average ability to develop to the expanded blastocyst stage (3.29–4.03 as developmental scores) without any significant differences among the protocols. These results suggest that the administration of PGF2α10 days after the treatment of gilts with EB or EDP would allow synchronization of ovulation and embryo collection, as well as shortening the period from estrus detection to embryo collection, thus improving embryo collection efficiency.
Effect of a genetic polymorphism in SREBP1 on fatty acid composition and related gene expression in subcutaneous fat tissue of beef cattle breeds
Authors: Gamarra David , Aldai Noelia , Arakawa Aisaku , de Pancorbo Marian M. , Taniguchi Masaaki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSterol regulatory element‐binding factor 1 (SREBP1) plays an important role in the lipogenesis which affects fatty acid (FA) composition in backfat and consequently influences beef nutritional quality. This study analyzed the association of 84 bp‐indel, both short (S) and long (L) alleles in intron 5 of SREBP1, with FA composition and gene expression of SREBP1 in backfat of northern Spanish beef breeds (Pirenaica, Salers and Holstein‐Friesian). Phylogenetic analysis suggests that 84 bp‐indel of ruminants is a highly conserved region compared with those in the full‐length sequence of intron 5 or mRNA of SREBP1 among species. Overall, higher content of polyunsaturated FAs was observed in SL genotype compared to LL genotype of 84 bp‐Indel (p < .05). In particular, in Pirenaica, SL genotype was associated with a higher content of stearic (18:0), α‐linolenic (18:3n‐3) acid, and total n‐3 content (p < .05). However, the gene expression of SREBP1 did not differ among genotypes of 84 bp‐Indel (p > .05).
When institutions reinforce regional divides: Comparing Christian and Muslim colonial education policies in the Philippines
Authors: S. Mendoza Mary Anne 
Published: February 2021

AbstractContrasting colonial experiences shaped regional cleavages in the Philippines. Spain converted natives to Christianity but struggled with converting the Muslim population. Spain only succeeded in driving them further south. American colonialism also perpetuated this regional divide: Christians were under civilian rule while Muslims were under military rule. These administrative regional divides happened concurrently, but a cohesive Christian identity developed much sooner than a Muslim identity in the south. Why do some regional identities develop sooner than others? I argue that variation in the onset of identity formation is the result of contrasting colonial education policies that fell along regional lines. Christians experienced a penetrative education policy, which cultivated a shared experience and facilitated the development of a national identity. Muslims experienced a shallow education policy, which did not have a unifying objective. These factors maintained fragmentation, rather than fostering a cohesive Muslim national identity.
Therapeutic effect of kaempferol on atopic dermatitis by attenuation of T cell activity via interaction with multidrug resistance‐associated protein 1
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Su , Jeong Gil‐Saeng 
Published: February 2021

Background and PurposeKaempferol is a natural flavonoid widely investigated in various fields due to its antioxidant, anti‐cancer, and anti‐inflammatory activities, but few studies have shown its inhibitory effect on T cell activation. This study examined the therapeutic potential of kaempferol in atopic dermatitis by modulating T cell activation.Experimental ApproachEffects of kaempferol on T cell activation and the underlying mechanisms were investigated in Jurkat cells and mouse CD4+ T cells. A model of atopic dermatitis in mice was used to determine its therapeutic potential on T cell‐mediated conditions in vivo. Western blots, RT‐PCR, pulldown assays and ELISA were used, along with histological analysis of skin.Key ResultsPretreatment with kaempferol reduced CD69 expression and production of inflammatory cytokines including IL‐2 from activated Jurkat cells and murine CD4+ T cells without cytotoxicity. Pulldown assays revealed that kaempferol physically binds to MRP‐1 in T cells, inhibiting the action of MRP‐1. In activated T cells, kaempferol suppressed JNK phosphorylation and the TAK1‐IKKα mediated NF‐κB pathway. Oral administration of kaempferol to mice showed improved manifestation of atopic dermatitis, a T cell‐mediated condition. Western blot results showed that, as in the in vitro studies, decreased phosphorylation of JNK was associated with down‐regulated MRP‐1 activity in vivo, in the kaempferol‐treated mice in the atopic dermatitis model.Conclusion and ImplicationsKaempferol regulates T cell activation by inhibiting MRP‐1 activity in activated T cells, thus showing protective effects against T cell mediated disease in vivo.
Diagnostic imaging in near‐infrared photoimmunotherapy using a commercially available camera for indocyanine green
Authors: Inagaki Fuyuki F. , Fujimura Daiki , Furusawa Aki , Okada Ryuhei , Wakiyama Hiroaki , Kato Takuya , Choyke Peter L. , Kobayashi Hisataka 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNear‐infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR‐PIT) is a new type of cancer treatment, which was recently approved in Japan for patients with inoperable head and neck cancer. NIR‐PIT utilizes antibody‐IRDye700DX (IR700) conjugates and NIR light at a wavelength of 690 nm. NIR light exposure leads to physicochemical changes in the antibody‐IR700 conjugate cell receptor complex, inducing rapid necrotic cell death. Just as fluorescence guided surgery is useful for surgeons to resect tumors completely, real‐time information of tumor locations would help clinicians irradiate NIR light more precisely. IR700 is a fluorescence dye that emits at 702 nm; however, there is no clinically available device optimized for detecting this fluorescence. On the other hand, many indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging devices have been approved for clinical use. Therefore, we investigated whether LIGHTVISION, one of the clinically available ICG cameras, could be employed for tumor detection. We hypothesized that irradiation with even low‐power 690‐nm laser light, attenuated by 99% with a neutral‐density filter, could be detected with LIGHTVISION without fluorescence decay or therapeutic effect because of the long emission tail of IR700 beyond 800 nm (within the detection range of LIGHTVISION). We demonstrated that the LIGHTVISION camera, originally designed for ICG detection, can detect the tail of IR700 fluorescence in real time, thus enabling the visualization of target tumors.
Skincare interventions in infants for preventing eczema and food allergy: A cochrane systematic review and individual participant data meta‐analysis
Authors: Kelleher Maeve M. , Cro Suzie , Van Vogt Eleanor , Cornelius Victoria , Lodrup Carlsen Karin C. , Ove Skjerven Håvard , Rehbinder Eva Maria , Lowe Adrian , Dissanayake Eishika , Shimojo Naoki , Yonezawa Kaori , Ohya Yukihiro , Yamamoto‐Hanada Kiwako , Morita Kumiko , Cork Michael , Cooke Alison , Simpson Eric L. , McClanahan Danielle , Weidinger Stephan , Schmitt Jochen , Axon Emma , Tran Lien , Surber Christian , Askie Lisa M. , Duley Lelia , Chalmers Joanne R. , Williams Hywel C. , Boyle Robert J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveEczema and food allergy start in infancy and have shared genetic risk factors that affect skin barrier. We aimed to evaluate whether skincare interventions can prevent eczema or food allergy.DesignA prospectively planned individual participant data meta‐analysis was carried out within a Cochrane systematic review to determine whether skincare interventions in term infants prevent eczema or food allergy.Data sourcesCochrane Skin Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and trial registries to July 2020.Eligibility criteria for selected studiesIncluded studies were randomized controlled trials of infants <1 year with healthy skin comparing a skin intervention with a control, for prevention of eczema and food allergy outcomes between 1 and 3 years.ResultsOf the 33 identified trials, 17 trials (5823 participants) had relevant outcome data and 10 (5154 participants) contributed to IPD meta‐analysis. Three of seven trials contributing to primary eczema analysis were at low risk of bias, and the single trial contributing to primary food allergy analysis was at high risk of bias. Interventions were mainly emollients, applied for the first 3–12 months. Skincare interventions probably do not change risk of eczema by age 1–3 years (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.81, 1.31; I2=41%; moderate certainty; 3075 participants, 7 trials). Sensitivity analysis found heterogeneity was explained by increased eczema in a trial of daily bathing as part of the intervention. It is unclear whether skincare interventions increase risk of food allergy by age 1–3 years (RR 2.53, 95% CI 0.99 to 6.47; very low certainty; 996 participants, 1 trial), but they probably increase risk of local skin infections (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02, 1.77; I2=0%; moderate certainty; 2728 participants, 6 trials).ConclusionRegular emollients during infancy probably do not prevent eczema and probably increase local skin infections.
Conservation status assessment of banana crop wild relatives using species distribution modelling
Authors: Mertens Arne , Swennen Rony , Rønsted Nina , Vandelook Filip , Panis Bart , Sachter‐Smith Gabriel , Vu Dang Toan , Janssens Steven B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimCrop wild relatives (CWR) are an essential source of genetic material for the improvement of certain traits in related crop species. Despite their importance, increasing public, scientific and political support, large gaps exist in the amount of genetic material collected and conserved of many CWR. Here, we construct a dataset on the distribution of wild banana species (Musa spp.) and assess their risk and conservation status. We deal with the following questions: (a) What areas are potentially suitable for wild banana species? (b) How much of the wild banana diversity is currently at risk or insufficiently conserved ex and in situ?LocationNative distribution area of wild banana species, ranging from the north‐eastern states of India to north‐eastern Australia.MethodsWe assessed the potential environmental range of wild species using a species distribution modelling approach with MaxEnt. Extinction risk was evaluated following IUCN criterion B, and the ex and in situ conservation status was assessed using an indicator for biodiversity and sustainable development targets.ResultsWe found that 11 out of 59 assessed species can be considered as vulnerable and nine as endangered. Highest species richness was found along the border of south China and northern Vietnam, in the north‐eastern states of India and on the Malayan peninsula. Our distribution modelling approach indicates that the northern Indo‐Burmese region has the highest environmental suitability for most wild banana species and that lowland rain forests in general are highly suitable for bananas. Assessment of in and ex situ conservation status indicates that 56 out of 59 assessed species are currently insufficiently conserved ex situ and that 49 are of high priority for further conservation. Additional in situ conservation is of high priority for six species and of medium priority for 40 species.Main conclusionsTo date, little of the banana CWR are sufficiently conserved both in and ex situ.