bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of company productivity which experiencing material supply shortage
Authors: Budiman I , Sembiring M T , Nasution H 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This research was conducted at a palm oil producing company in North Sumatra known as Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia. This company has oil palm plantations, some of which have been converted to other businesses. This causes the production capacity that has been previously designed to be less effective in its use. This can be seen from the achievement of the target level of productivity. This research measured the level of productivity the company has achieved in the last two years using the Kendrick-Creamer Total Productivity Index Approach. The measurement results obtained over the past two years indicate that an increase in the total productivity index from 1.47 to 1.53. However, the increase has not been able to reach the productivity index target of 1.66. That was caused mainly by material, organizational, and installed capacity factors. The results obtained are selected alternatives for improvements to the sorting of materials, optimizing the production of his own garden, and maintaining screw press pressure with a total productivity index of 1.7.
The effect of education with audiovisual, booklet, and Whatsapp media on knowledge and attitude of fertile age in doing early detection of IVA test in Medan, North Sumatra
Authors: Imelda F , Santoso H , Raja S N L , Lunongga N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cervical cancer becomes a cause of high maternal mortality. To prevent it can be done by screening Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (IVA). The aim to analyze the effect of education applying the Health Belief Model using the audiovisual, booklet, WhatsApp media on knowledge and attitudes in conducting IVA examinations. The study used a quasi-experimental (two-group pre-post test without a control group). The sample were women of childbearing age who had never done an IVA examination before using purposive sampling with a sample size of 100 respondents, which were divided into 2 treatment groups, namely group 1 with audiovisual and booklets, and group 2 with WhatsApp. Health education used audiovisual, booklets and WhatsApp media. Data analyzed using a paired sample t-test. The results showed that there was an effect of education using audiovisual, booklets and WhatsApp media on the knowledge and attitude of early detection to do an IVA test. Increased knowledge, attitudes, health trust greater than before treatment. External variables such as age, education, occupation, income, prior information, and affordability of the IVA Test early detection site influence attitudes in improving behavior.
Evaluation of maize hybrids resistance to northern corn leaf blight in Karo Highland
Authors: Permana A , Hanafiah D S , Hasanuddin  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Around two-thirds of corn area in North Sumatera are in high altitude places, where northern corn leaf blight limits yield. Evaluation was performed to 125 new hybrids for their resistance to northern corn leaf blight and yield components in Garingging, District of Karo, North Sumatera, from October 2019 to March 2020. Experiments were arranged in Augmented RCBD with 4 checks, Artificial inoculation was applied to ensure high and uniform disease pressure. Eight new hybrids exceeded at least 3 checks regarding to disease resistance and ear weight, namely N399, G163, N396, N374, D651, N020, D635, and N031. Hybrid N399 has ear weight above 4 checks and G163 has better AUDPC than the 4 checks, suggesting promising hybrids for developing varieties in areas with NCLB pressure. Significant association with AUDPC was seen in incubation period, ear diameter, ear length, and ear weight. High GCV was observed in disease resistance traits, while high heritability is estimated in incubation period, AUDPC, ear diameter, and ear length. Incubation period may be used in early selection.
Productivity and feed management strategies of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) at the special purpose forest area (KHDTK) of Aek Nauli
Authors: Hutapea F J , Kuswanda W , Barus S P 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The availability of feed plants is one of the most important components in improving the breeding ability of sambar deer in captivity. Planting program and productivity assessment of feed plants are necessary to ensure the availability of feed plants for deer, including deer management demonstration plot at Aek Nauli KHDTK. This study was aimed to observe the productivity and nutritional contents of sambar deer feed plants in Aek Nauli KHDTK. This study was performed at the deer feed plant plot. Sampling activities were conducted in the 1x1 m2 plot (for grass) and 2 x 2 m2 (for non-grass such as shrubs and herbs). The results showed that the productivity of 6 feed plants is about 51,56 kg day-1 (fresh weight) or 19,52 kg day-1 (dry weight); indicating that these plants meet the needs of 5 deer which are requiring 38.82 kg feed day-1. The average productivity of feed plants in the dominant dry days was about 33,342.75 kg ha-1 year-1 (fresh weight) or 14,977.17 kg ha-1 year-1 (dry weight). The productivity of feed plants in the dominant rainy days was about 60,687.33 kg ha-1 year-1 (fresh weight) or 20,287.92 kg ha-1 year-1 (dry weight). Nutritional contents of feed plants are water content (56.3-66.0%), protein (0.037-0.156%), ash content (5.891-7.199%), fat content (1.751-10.089%), and carbohydrate (21.597-33.932%). Required feed management strategies are regular weeding, block division, rotational harvesting system, fertilizing, watering (during the dry season), and providing additional feeds and supplements such as Pennisetum purpureum, Calliandra callothyrsus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, and Manihot utilissima.
Morphological characterization of soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) in drought stress condition and P fertilizer application
Authors: Siregar A O , Hanum C , Hanafiah D S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Drought stress in plants can occur due to an imbalance between the availability of water with the water needs of plants. Drought stress can cause morphological changes. This study aims to identify changes in the morphological character of soybean plants in drought stress conditions and P fertilizer application. This research was carried out at the screen house and laboratory of tissue culture of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatment factors. The first factor is the variety consists of 2 types, namely Devon 1 and Dering. The second factor is the field capacity of water content which consists of 3 levels, namely 80, 60 and 40% field capacity. The third factor is the application of P fertilizer consists of 5 levels, namely without P application, 1 recommended dosage of Rock phosphate, ½ recommended dosage of Rock phosphate, 1 recommended dosage of TSP and ½ recommended dosage of TSP. The results showed that drought stress treatment significantly reduced total leaf area (18.99%), root length (23.43%), root dry weight (16.67%) and crown dry weight (30.91%) when the available soil water content was reduced from 80% to 40% KL. Application of 1 dose of TSP resulted in the highest increase in root length, root dry weight and shoot dry weight compared to other treatments.
Profiling polyisoprenoids in kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata) stem barks and roots
Authors: Basyuni M , Fitri M A , Sumardi  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. Rob, Asteraceae) distributed in tropical and subtropical countries, including Indonesia. The kopasanda leaves contain several major compounds, such as tannins, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. However, polyisoprenoids have no previously reported from this plant. This study aimed to determine the distribution of polyisoprenoid compounds in the bark and roots of the kopasanda plant. Total lipid on the kopasanda bark and roots was 61 and 48 mg/g dry weight. In comparison, the value of polyisoprenoid ranges from 11.8 and 27.3 mg/g dry weight. Results showed that polyisoprenoid compounds found in the roots were polyprenols and dolichols, regarded as type-II of polyisoprenoids. In contrast, in the bark of kopasanda, polyisoprenoid compounds a member of are a type I. Because dolichol dominated on bark, no plyprenols were detected. The present study confirmed the occurrence of polyisoprenoids in kopasanda roots and barks.
Determination of soil moisture reduction rate on peatlands in South Sumatera due to the 2019 extreme dry season
Authors: Irfan M , Koriyanti E , Awaluddin  , Ariani M , Sulaiman A , Iskandar I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The positive phenomenon of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD +) in 2019 caused an extreme dry season in parts of Indonesia, including in the province of South Sumatera. This caused massive fires on peatlands in South Sumatera. The Government of Indonesia through the Agency for Peat Restoration (BRG) has deployed an integrated equipment system to measure in situ several fire control parameters on several peatlands, including in South Sumatera. The aim is to predict and mitigate fire incidents on peatlands. One of the measured parameters is soil moisture. This study has examined the impact of the extreme dry season on the rate of decline in soil moisture at four BRG measurement stations, namely: Cinta jaya-1, Cinta Jaya-2, Padang Sugihan-3, and Karang Agung. The rate of decrease in soil moisture (% per day) obtained were: 0.06, 0.31, 0.38, 0.47 respectively for the stations Cinta jaya-1, Cinta Jaya-2, Padang Sugihan-3, and Karang Agung.
Valuation of a man-made dipterocarp forest as seed source for Shorea red meranti (Dipterocarpaceae)
Authors: Rachmat H H , Pamoengkas P , Rahmatullah R K , Susilowati A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Lack of good quality seeds has been one of the constraints in icreasing the success rate of rehabilitation, restoration and establishment of plantation forest. Establishing seed sources is a way to increase the availability of qualified seeds for various purposes. Gunung Dahu Research Forest (GDRF) has Shorea pinanga and Shorea platyclados (Dipterocarpaceae) stands that has potential to meet the standard of identified seed stands (ISS). We evaluate two stands of S. pinanga (plot 05 and 24) and four stands of S. platyclados (plots 04, 15, 20, and 21e) to be quantified for their potential as ISS. Assessment was carried out by evaluating the parameters related to number of mother trees, accessibility, stand quality, management, fruiting history, and origin. Among all assessed plots, highest final score was obtained by plot 20 (131.5), followed by plot 24 (112.5), plot 05 (105.5), plot 04 (87), plot 21e (85), and plot 15 (57). Based on the minimum score of 94.5, the potential plot that can be assigned as ISS are plot 05, plot 24 and plot 20.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of brownies from composite flour (modified breadfruit, purple sweet potato, saga seeds, and mocaf)
Authors: Lubis D R K , Nurminah M , Nainggolan R J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Breadfruit is a plant that has potential as a national food security reserve because breadfruit is able to produce throughout the year, breadfruit is also a vegetable food ingredient that contains a lot of carbohydrates. Purple sweet potato can improve the taste of food processing products, because of its distinctive purple color, and high nutritional content. Saga seeds are high protein-producing plants concurrently increasing the nutritional value of food, and mocaf is the result of cassava fermentation by special enzymes that produce products that have characteristics such as wheat flour and have the potential as a food substitute for wheat flour. In this study, producing brownies from various composite flour to develop food diversity in Indonesia. The final results of the study showed that composite flour (modified breadfruit, purple sweet potato, saga seeds, and mocaf) with a ratio of 35%: 45%: 15%: 5% produced the best quality brownies in terms of hedonic values (taste, aroma, color, texture, general acceptance), water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, and fiber content.
Potential of lime as a green catalyst in the manufacture of furfural from Mikania micrantha
Authors: Iriany  , Taslim  , Bani O , Pratama A J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
An attempt to increase the added value of lime has been done. The use of lime extract as a green catalyst in furfural manufacturing is expected to reduce the burden of pollution, and corrosion problems. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of lime extract as an organic acid catalyst in furfural production from Mikania micrantha (MM) through hydrolysis and dehydration and compare it with sulfuric acid catalyst. In this work, 50 g MM and 50 g dry NaCl powder were placed into a three neck flask equipped with a long condenser. The lime extract catalyst was added to the mixture at a ratio of 6:1 (v/w). The reaction temperature was varied from 100-120°C, and the condensed furfural was stored in an erlenmeyer as a function of time (0-330 min). Furfural was separated from water done by adding 50 ml chloroform to form two layers. The lower layer rich in furfural and chloroform was distilled at 70°C to evaporate chloroform. Purified furfural was identified using FTIR and GC-MS. The results obtained confirm that lime extract can be used as a green catalyst in furfural synthesis from MM.
Standardization and phytochemical screening of Centella asiatica, Moringa oleifera L. leaf and Spirulina sp. simplicia
Authors: Widyawati T , Syarifah S , Anggraini D R , Mustanti L F 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Centella asiatica, Spirulina sp., Moringa oleifera have been used for traditional medicine. Studying the phytochemical constituents helps to reveal the usage of plants used as lead compounds for active pharmaceutical ingredients in commercial purposes. This study aims to determine the standardization and screening of phytochemicals from CA, ME and Spirulina. Standardization of CA, ME and spirulina showed as follows: total water 5.29 ± 1.1%; 5.98 ± 0.006% and 8.64 ± 1.16, total water soluble simplicia: 19.7± 0.57%; 10.97 ± 0.99 and 10.98 ± 1%, total ethanol soluble simplicia: 22.3 ± 0.57%; 15.99 ± 1.73% and 39.92 ± 1.73%, total ash: 23.11 ± 0.56%; 8.15 ± 0.28% and 8.65 ± 0.28%, total ash insoluble acid: 0.42 ± 0.07%; 2.15 ± 0.28% and 0.66 ± 0.28% respectively. Both simplicia of ME and spirulina contained of alkaloid, tannin, saponin, triterpene/steroid, flavonoid and glycoside whereas CA simplicia contained tannin, saponin, triterpene/steroid, flavonoid and glycoside.
Artocarpus heterophyllus leaves extract improve facial skin in clay mask formulation
Authors: Widyawati T , Syarifah S , Nufus H 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Artocarpus heterophyllus (A.heterophyllus) is one of plants that commonly used for skin care. This study aimed to formulate a clay mask preparation with the active ingredient A.heterophyllus 3% leaf extract and evaluating its activities in repairing facial moisture, smoothness, large pores, blemishes and wrinkles. The process of providing clay masks begins with the preparation of Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf etanol extracts with standardized quality, preparation of clay mask bases with guaranteed quality, mixing clay mask bases with extracts, testing the quality and stability and effectiveness of skin care tested. The extract of clay mask formulations were stable in storage, homogeneous, pH 5.6-6.3; drying time is 10-18 minutes, and does not irritate. Effectiveness testing was performed using a skin analyzer for 4 weeks of treatment in adult female volunteers. Test results after 4 weeks of treatment showed that the ethanol extract of A. heterophyllus leaves 3% was able to improve moisture (15.5%), smoothness (33.1%), pore size (60.1%), blemishes (50.2%) and facial wrinkles (61.5%). Statistically, significant effects were found in moisture and smoothnes of the facial skin (p < 0.05). This study concluded that ethanol extract of A. heterophyllus in concentration of 3% have benefit in refining facial skin.
Cyclist test on particleboards and utilization of their liquid disposal for fertilizer
Authors: Nuryawan A , Siringo-Ringo F J , Nasution T I , Banurea R , Hartini K S , Elfiati D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cyclist test on particleboards (PBs) bonded urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin was intended to be carried out in order to predict their degradation thus recycling of these products was possible. In this contribution, PBs bonded by five types of UF resins namely 0.95; 1.05; 1.15; 2.00; and commercial were examined using cyclist test. The test consists of cycles of five treatment steps, i.e., measurement of initial thickness dimension, immersion in water at ambient temperature for 24 h, measurement of swelling thickness dimension, drying in convection oven at (103 + 2)°C for 24 h, and measurement of oven-dry thickness dimension. This cycle was applied until the specimens were not possible to be measured their thickness because of broken-down of the PBs. Further, water disposal in this experiment, then was utilized as fertilizer to Swietenia mahagoni seedlings. Observation on growth parameters (stem height and diameter) and biomass parameters (dry weight of top and root) of the seedlings were conducted for 12 weeks after planted. Result of this study showed PBs bonded by low mole of UF resins (0.95; 1.05 and 1.15) have had faster degradation compare to those of 2.00 and commercial one. Both growth and biomass parameters of the seedlings increased but statistically not different among the samples. These findings suggested that PBs bonded UF resins can be recycled using water-soaking process and the liquid disposal of this activity can be utilized as fertilizer.
Application of Trichoderma sp. to leaf litter decomposition (Rhizophora mucronata) on various salinity levels in Belawan
Authors: Yunasfi  , Aulia S P , Hartini K S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mangroves can be defined as forest vegetation that grows between tidal lines or is affected by tides. Trichoderma sp. is one type of fungus that is found in almost all types of soil and in various habitats which is one type of fungus that can be used as biological agents controlling soil pathogens. The purpose of this research is to know the acceleration of the decomposition rate of R. mucronata leaf litter by Trichoderma sp. at various levels of salinity in Belawan and test the carbohydrate and protein content. The research was conducted in December 2019-March 2020. The technique of placing the sample in a litter bag is placed at 3 points of the observation station based on differences in salinity. Decomposition rate values obtained were 10.20 at station I, 8.50 at station II and 7.05 at station III from the initial weight of observation on the days-15 to the observation period on the 90 day. The highest carbohydrate content was at Station I on the days-60 which was 13% and the lowest carbohydrate yield on the station III on the days-15 was 2.42%. The highest percentage of protein is 9.7% on the days-15 at station III and the lowest percentage of protein is 4.83% on the days-15 at station I.
Spatial distribution characteristics of human-elephant conflict (HEC) in Besitang
Authors: Sulistiyono N , Maulana M I , Patana P , Purwoko A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The conflict between humans and wildlife tends to increase lately, especially the human-elephant conflict (HEC). The high level of human activity around the forest causes an increase in the rate of forest destruction. The opening of agricultural land in and around the forest, causing the elephant habitat to become narrow so that the elephant looks for new space to move to community land. HEC occurs when elephants and humans fight over the same resource. The purpose of this study is to obtain information on the characteristics of the spatial distribution of human-elephant conflict in Besitang. The method used in this study is the analysis of HEC points overlay with several biophysical variables using GIS. The results of this study show that the distribution of HEC occurs mostly in sloping areas with low topography and areas relatively close to forests, plantations / agricultural communities, settlements, and rivers.
Endoparasites of cattle raised under intensive and semi-intensive system at Klumpang Kebon Village, North Sumatra
Authors: Tanjung M , Thahira D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Endoparasitic infestations tend to occur in all cattle breeding systems with different level of infection at spatial scale. This study aimed to distinguish the prevalence of endoparasites of cattle raised under intensive and semi-intensive systems at Klumpang Kebon Village, Hamparan Perak District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Fresh dung samples were collected from 40 cattle and pre-treated with glass beads sedimentation method to obtain the endoparasite suspensions. The results showed that majority of cattle (35 out of 40) were infected by four endoparasitic species identified from the dung samples, namely Buxtonella in the class of Ciliata, Dicrocoelium, Fasciola, and Paramphistomum in the class of Trematoda with the absence of Fasciola in the semi-intensive breeding system. The percentage of infected cattle was higher in semi-intensive farm (100%. 20/20) than in intensive farm (75%. 15/20) in which the highest infestation of endoparasites were recorded from Paramphistomum (88.6%), followed by Buxtonella (65.7%), Fasciola (37.1%), and Dicrocoelium (2.8%). Most cattle were mostly found with two co-infecting endoparasites and higher percentage was recorded in semi-intensive breeding system. Based on the highest endoparasites prevalence there is a need to apply a parasitic control program to both breeding systems to prevent further infections.
Effect of duration of illness and lipid profile of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients on diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Amelia R , Sari M D , Virgayanti V , Ariga R A , Harahap M S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of complication chronic of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of duration and lipid profile (dyslipidemia) on the prevalence of DR complications in patients with type 2 DM in Medan. This research is a cross-sectional study. The population was typed 2 DM patients at primary care in Medan with sample of 89 patients. The research data are primary, assessment of lipid profile by taken venous blood and examination by the Enzymatic Colorimetric method, while the determination of DR complications using indirect fundoscopy. Data were processed with SPSS with Independent T-test analysis. The results showed the duration of illness and triglyceride levels had a strong relationship with DR in type 2 DM patients (p <0.05), while total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C levels had a weak relationship (p> 0.05).
Analysis of water quality and nutrient content in the Belawan River
Authors: Yeanny M S , Barus T A , Mawengkang H , Mulya M B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The goal of this research was to analyze the water quality and nutrient content in the Belawan River. Activities done by the community such as industries, PLTU, PDAM and aquaculture are found in Belawan River area. This action produce waste straightly discharged into river water, emerging several bad effect on water quality and nutrient content. Retrieval of data with Purposive Random Sampling with five analyses the location. Analysis in the form of measurements of water quality that are temperature, pH, depth, light intensity, light penetration, flow speed, dissolved oxygen (DO), BOD5 and the measurement of nutrient content, which are nitrate, phosphate and nitrogen. The results of water quality measurements indicated that temperature, light penetration, light intensity, flow speed, and depth are still within the water quality standard while pH and BOD5 have passed the water quality standard. Based on nitrate concentration, it is included as eutrophic and mesotrophic waters (1.18 - 7.57 mg/L). Based on phosphate concentrations, it is included as hypertrophic (0.14 - 0.18 mg/L,). Based on nitrogen concentration, it is included as eutrophic and mesotrophic waters (1.54 - 10 mg/L).