bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking deeply-sourced volatile emissions to plateau growth dynamics in southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Maoliang , Guo Zhengfu , Xu Sheng , Barry Peter H. , Sano Yuji , Zhang Lihong , Halldórsson Sæmundur A. , Chen Ai-Ti , Cheng Zhihui , Liu Cong-Qiang , Li Si-Liang , Lang Yun-Chao , Zheng Guodong , Li Zhongping , Li Liwu , Li Ying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe episodic growth of high-elevation orogenic plateaux is controlled by a series of geodynamic processes. However, determining the underlying mechanisms that drive plateau growth dynamics over geological history and constraining the depths at which growth originates, remains challenging. Here we present He-CO2-N2systematics of hydrothermal fluids that reveal the existence of a lithospheric-scale fault system in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, whereby multi-stage plateau growth occurred in the geological past and continues to the present. He isotopes provide unambiguous evidence for the involvement of mantle-scale dynamics in lateral expansion and localized surface uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. The excellent correlation between3He/4He values and strain rates, along the strike of Indian indentation into Asia, suggests non-uniform distribution of stresses between the plateau boundary and interior, which modulate southeastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau within the context of India-Asia convergence. Our results demonstrate that deeply-sourced volatile geochemistry can be used to constrain deep dynamic processes involved in orogenic plateau growth.
High-throughput 5′ UTR engineering for enhanced protein production in non-viral gene therapies
Authors: Cao Jicong , Novoa Eva Maria , Zhang Zhizhuo , Chen William C. W. , Liu Dianbo , Choi Gigi C. G. , Wong Alan S. L. , Wehrspaun Claudia , Kellis Manolis , Lu Timothy K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite significant clinical progress in cell and gene therapies, maximizing protein expression in order to enhance potency remains a major technical challenge. Here, we develop a high-throughput strategy to design, screen, and optimize 5′ UTRs that enhance protein expression from a strong human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. We first identify naturally occurring 5′ UTRs with high translation efficiencies and use this information with in silico genetic algorithms to generate synthetic 5′ UTRs. A total of ~12,000 5′ UTRs are then screened using a recombinase-mediated integration strategy that greatly enhances the sensitivity of high-throughput screens by eliminating copy number and position effects that limit lentiviral approaches. Using this approach, we identify three synthetic 5′ UTRs that outperform commonly used non-viral gene therapy plasmids in expressing protein payloads. In summary, we demonstrate that high-throughput screening of 5′ UTR libraries with recombinase-mediated integration can identify genetic elements that enhance protein expression, which should have numerous applications for engineered cell and gene therapies.
Solar energy and regional coordination as a feasible alternative to large hydropower in Southeast Asia
Authors: Siala Kais , Chowdhury Afm Kamal , Dang Thanh Duc , Galelli Stefano 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStrategic dam planning and the deployment of decentralized renewable technologies are two elements of the same problem, yet normally addressed in isolation. Here, we show that an integrated view of the power system capacity expansion problem could have transformative effects for Southeast Asia’s hydropower plans. We demonstrate that Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia have tangible opportunities for meeting projected electricity demand and CO2 emission targets with less hydropower than currently planned—options range from halting the construction of all dams in the Lower Mekong to building 82% of the planned ones. The key enabling strategies for these options to succeed are solar PV and regional coordination, expressed in the form of centralized planning and cross-border power trading. The alternative expansion plans would slightly increase the cumulative costs (up to 2.4%), but substantially limit the fragmentation of additional river reaches, thereby offering more sustainable pathways for the Mekong’s ecosystems and riparian people.
Oncogenic cooperation between TCF7-SPI1 and NRAS(G12D) requires β-catenin activity to drive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Van Thillo Quentin , De Bie Jolien , Seneviratne Janith A. , Demeyer Sofie , Omari Sofia , Balachandran Anushree , Zhai Vicki , Tam Wai L. , Sweron Bram , Geerdens Ellen , Gielen Olga , Provost Sarah , Segers Heidi , Boeckx Nancy , Marshall Glenn M. , Cheung Belamy B. , Isobe Kiyotaka , Kato Itaru , Takita Junko , Amos Timothy G. , Deveson Ira W. , McCalmont Hannah , Lock Richard B. , Oxley Ethan P. , Garwood Maximilian M. , Dickins Ross A. , Uyttebroeck Anne , Carter Daniel R. , Cools Jan , de Bock Charles E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSpi-1 Proto-Oncogene (SPI1) fusion genes are recurrently found in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cases but are insufficient to drive leukemogenesis. Here we show that SPI1 fusions in combination with activating NRAS mutations drive an immature T-ALL in vivo using a conditional bone marrow transplant mouse model. Addition of the oncogenic fusion to the NRAS mutation also results in a higher leukemic stem cell frequency. Mechanistically, genetic deletion of the β-catenin binding domain within Transcription factor 7 (TCF7)-SPI1 or use of a TCF/β-catenin interaction antagonist abolishes the oncogenic activity of the fusion. Targeting the TCF7-SPI1 fusion in vivo with a doxycycline-inducible knockdown results in increased differentiation. Moreover, both pharmacological and genetic inhibition lead to down-regulation of SPI1 targets. Together, our results reveal an example where TCF7-SPI1 leukemia is vulnerable to pharmacological targeting of the TCF/β-catenin interaction.
Colonization of Warsaw by the red fox Vulpes vulpes in the years 1976–2019
Authors: Jackowiak Mateusz , Gryz Jakub , Jasińska Karolina , Brach Michał , Bolibok Leszek , Kowal Piotr , Krauze-Gryz Dagny 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe red fox is one of the most adaptable carnivores inhabiting cities. The aim of our study was to describe the process of Warsaw colonization by the red fox. We focused on: (1) the fox distribution in Warsaw on the basis of presence-absence data (2005–2012) over a grid of 1 × 1 km2, (2) the process of settlement in 29 green areas (study periods 1976–1978, 2004–2012, and 2016–2019) in relation to habitat type, and (3) temporal and spatial patterns of the red fox incidents (1998–2015) reported by Warsaw citizens. We found out that: (1) the red fox penetrated the whole city (i.e. its presence was confirmed in all squares of the grid), (2) 21% of the green areas were colonized in 1976–1978 but 93% in 2016–2019. Forests and riparian habitats were occupied more frequently than parks and cemeteries in 1976–1978 with no difference in the further years; (3) the probability of the fox incidents increased over years, was higher in June-October, on working days, and around noon, and with the share of discontinuous urban fabric in the buffers around incident locations. Nevertheless, the incidents only partially reflect population abundance trends and activity patterns of the species, so should be treated cautiously.
Both T cell priming in lymph node and CXCR3-dependent migration are the key events for predicting the response of atezolizumab
Authors: Iwai Toshiki , Sugimoto Masamichi , Patil Namrata S. , Bower Daniel , Suzuki Miho , Kato Chie , Yorozu Keigo , Kurasawa Mitsue , Shames David S. , Kondoh Osamu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAnti-PD-L1 antibodies benefit many cancer patients, even those with “non-inflamed tumor”. Determining which patients will benefit remains an important clinical goal. In a non-inflamed tumor mouse model, we found that PD-L1 was highly expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) especially on CD103+ CD11c+ dendritic cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes (dLNs), suppressing T-cell priming by APCs. In this model, anti-PD-L1 antibodies enhanced T-cell priming and increased CXCR3+ activated T-cells in dLNs, which was followed by the trafficking of T-cells to tumors in response to CXCR3 ligands. As predictive biomarker, each APCs-related gene expression (AP score) alone or T-cells trafficking-related chemokine gene expression (T score) alone were still less than perfect among the 17 mouse models examined. However a combining score of AP score and T score (AP/T score) precisely identified anti-PD-L1-sensitive tumors. In the phase 3 trial of atezolizumab vs docetaxel in advanced NSCLC patients (OAK), the AP/T score could identify atezolizumab-treated NSCLC patients who achieved significant improvement in overall survival. This biomarker concept would be a clinically valuable for prediction of anti-PD-L1 antibody efficacy.
Discovery of a novel brown algal genus and species Setoutiphycus delamareoides (Phaeophyceae, Ectocarpales) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan
Authors: Kawai Hiroshi , Hanyuda Takeaki 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe describe a new genus and species of brown algae from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. This species is similar to Delamarea in gross morphology and anatomy, but distinctive in having longer thalli with rare branching and shorter cortical cells. In culture, pluri-zoids derived from plurilocular zoidangia on the erect thalli developed into filamentous gametophytes bearing ectocarpoid plurilocular zoidangia, but also formed parenchymatous erect thalli of sub-sympodial growth similar to Trachynema often having branches, and formed lateral and terminal plurilocular zoidangia. Molecular phylogenies using concatenated chloroplast and mitochondrial gene sequences showed the new alga nested in the clade composed of ectocarpalean genera with diffuse growth, parenchymatous thalli, and multiple chloroplasts, but this species is distinctive. Therefore, we propose Setoutiphycus delamareoides gen. & sp. nov. for this new alga, and provisionally place it in Chordariaceae, Ectocarpales. The Seto Inland Sea repeatedly dried during sea level regressions during glacial periods, and the present sea level recovered after the last glacial maximums (LGM), ca. 10,000 years ago. Therefore, it is unlikely that the species evolved within this area. Its distribution in the area may be explained as a remnant population that survived in refugia in southern Japan during the LGM.
Accurate prediction of mega-electron-volt electron beam properties from UED using machine learning
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Yang Xi , Huang Xiaobiao , Li Junjie , Shaftan Timur , Smaluk Victor , Song Minghao , Wan Weishi , Wu Lijun , Zhu Yimei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo harness the full potential of the ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) and microscopy (UEM), we must know accurately the electron beam properties, such as emittance, energy spread, spatial-pointing jitter, and shot-to-shot energy fluctuation. Owing to the inherent fluctuations in UED/UEM instruments, obtaining such detailed knowledge requires real-time characterization of the beam properties for each electron bunch. While diagnostics of these properties exist, they are often invasive, and many of them cannot operate at a high repetition rate. Here, we present a technique to overcome such limitations. Employing a machine learning (ML) strategy, we can accurately predict electron beam properties for every shot using only parameters that are easily recorded at high repetition rate by the detector while the experiments are ongoing, by training a model on a small set of fully diagnosed bunches. Applying ML as real-time noninvasive diagnostics could enable some new capabilities, e.g., online optimization of the long-term stability and fine single-shot quality of the electron beam, filtering the events and making online corrections of the data for time-resolved UED, otherwise impossible. This opens the possibility of fully realizing the potential of high repetition rate UED and UEM for life science and condensed matter physics applications.
Proposal of accurate cup placement procedure during total hip arthroplasty based on pelvic tilt discrepancies in the lateral position
Authors: Tsukamoto Manabu , Kawasaki Makoto , Suzuki Hitoshi , Fujitani Teruaki , Sakai Akinori 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBy combining the anatomical-pelvic-plane (APP) positioner with a newly improved navigation system during total hip arthroplasty (THA), it is theoretically possible to determine cup orientation based on the APP while tracking pelvic movement. The purpose of this study was to determine the navigation accuracy and whether the error is related to the pelvic position fixed by the positioner. Fifty hips that underwent primary THA between 2018 and 2020 were analysed. The accuracy was 2.34° at radiographic inclination (RI) and − 5.01° at radiographic anteversion (RA), and the error was within 10° at both RI and RA in only 40 of 50 hips (80.0%). The discrepancy in pelvic sagittal tilt was correlated with the cup orientation error and especially strongly correlated with the RA error (r = − 0.751, p < 0.001). When RI and RA were calculated using a correction formula to determine the true cup orientation based on the pelvic tilt discrepancies, the error in both RI and RA was within 10° in all cases (100%). The navigation accuracy is related to the pelvic position fixed by the positioner, and the correction formula for the target angle that considers pelvic tilt discrepancies can lead to accurate cup placement in the future.
Differences among [18F]FDG PET-derived parameters in lung cancer produced by three software packages
Authors: Bos-Liedke Agnieszka , Cegla Paulina , Matuszewski Krzysztof , Konstanty Ewelina , Piotrowski Adam , Gross Magdalena , Malicki Julian , Kozak Maciej 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInvestigation of differences in derived [18F]FDG PET metabolic and volumetric parameters among three different software programs in lung cancer. A retrospective analysis was performed on a group of 98 lung cancer patients who underwent a baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT study. To assess appropriate delineation methods, the NEMA phantom study was first performed using the following software: Philips EBW (Extended Brilliance Workstation), MIM Software and Rover. Based on this study, the best cut-off methods (dependent on tumour size) were selected, extracted and applied for lung cancer delineation. Several semiquantitative [18F]FDG parameters (SUVmax, SUVmean, TLG and MTV) were assessed and compared among the three software programs. The parameters were assessed based on body weight (BW), lean body mass (LBM) and Bq/mL. Statistically significant differences were found in SUVmean (LBM) between MIM Software and Rover (4.62 ± 2.15 vs 4.84 ± 1.20; p < 0.005), in SUVmean (Bq/mL) between Rover and Philips EBW (21,852.30 ± 21,821.23 vs 19,274.81 ± 13,340.28; p < 0.005) and Rover and MIM Software (21,852.30 ± 21,821.23 vs 19,399.40 ± 10,051.30; p < 0.005), and in MTV between MIM Software and Philips EBW (19.87 ± 25.83 vs 78.82 ± 228.00; p = 0.0489). This study showed statistically significant differences in the estimation of semiquantitative parameters using three independent image analysis tools. These findings are important for performing further diagnostic and treatment procedures in lung cancer patients.
Targeting of SET/I2PP2A oncoprotein inhibits Gli1 transcription revealing a new modulator of Hedgehog signaling
Authors: Serifi Iliana , Besta Simoni , Karetsou Zoe , Giardoglou Panagiota , Beis Dimitris , Niewiadomski Pawel , Papamarcaki Thomais 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Hedgehog (Hh)/Gli signaling pathway controls cell proliferation and differentiation, is critical for the development of nearly every tissue and organ in vertebrates and is also involved in tumorigenesis. In this study, we characterize the oncoprotein SET/I2PP2A as a novel regulator of Hh signaling. Our previous work has shown that the zebrafish homologs of SET are expressed during early development and localized in the ciliated organs. In the present work, we show that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown of setb gene in zebrafish embryos resulted in cyclopia, a characteristic patterning defect previously reported in Hh mutants. Consistent with these findings, targeting setb gene using CRISPR/Cas9 or a setb morpholino, reduced Gli1-dependent mCherry expression in the Hedgehog reporter zebrafish line Tg(12xGliBS:mCherry-NLS). Likewise, SET loss of function by means of pharmacological inhibition and gene knockdown prevented the increase of Gli1 expression in mammalian cells in vitro. Conversely, overexpression of SET resulted in an increase of the expression of a Gli-dependent luciferase reporter, an effect likely attributable to the relief of the Sufu-mediated inhibition of Gli1. Collectively, our data support the involvement of SET in Gli1-mediated transcription and suggest the oncoprotein SET/I2PP2A as a new modulator of Hedgehog signaling.
Marginal and internal fit and intaglio surface trueness of interim crowns fabricated from tooth preparation of four finish line locations
Authors: Son Keunbada , Son Young-Tak , Lee Ji-Min , Lee Kyu-Bok 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study evaluated the marginal and internal fit and intaglio surface trueness of interim crowns fabricated from tooth preparation scanned at four finish line locations. The right maxillary first molar tooth preparation model was fabricated using a ceramic material and placed in four finish line locations (supragingival, equigingival, subgingival, and subgingival with a cord). Intraoral scanning was performed. Crowns were designed based on the scanned area. Interim crowns were fabricated using a stereolithography three-dimensional (3D) printer (N = 16 per location). Marginal and internal fit were evaluated with a silicone replica technique. Intaglio surface trueness was evaluated using a 3D inspection software. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey HSD test were performed for comparisons (α = 0.05). The marginal and internal fit showed significant differences according to locations (P < 0.05); the marginal fit showed the best results in the supragingival finish line (P < 0.05). Intaglio surface trueness was significantly different in the marginal region, with the highest value in the subgingival location (P < 0.05). Crowns fabricated on the subgingival finish line caused inaccurate marginal fit due to poor fabrication reproducibility of the marginal region. The use of an intraoral scanner should be decided on the clinical situation and needs.
Giant tunneling electroresistance arising from reversible partial barrier metallization in the NaTiO3/BaTiO3/LaTiO3 ferroelectric tunnel junction
Authors: Xiao Wei , Kang Lili , Hao Hua , Zhou Yanhong , Zhang Lei , Zheng Xiaohong , Zeng Zhi 
Published: July 2021

Based on density functional calculations, two on/off states are obtained in the NaTiO3/BaTiO3/LaTiO3 ferroelectric tunnel junction, leading to a TER ratio as high as 3.20 × 108% due to reversible partial barrier metallization under an electric field.
Non‐intrusive load monitoring by voltage–current trajectory enabled asymmetric deep supervised hashing
Authors: Han Yinghua , Xu Yao , Huo Yaxin , Zhao Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith the development of smart grids, appliance‐level data information plays a vital role in smart power consumption. Nowadays, appliance signatures detected by non‐intrusive load monitoring (NILM) can be used for anomaly detection, demand response, and electricity management. These applications increase the requirements for the accuracy of appliance identification in NILM. And it has been proved that the voltage–current (V–I) trajectory can be applied as an effective load signature to represent the electrical characteristics of appliances with different statuses in previous researches. In this paper, a V–I trajectory enabled asymmetric deep supervised hashing (ADSH) method has been proposed for NILM. ADSH method converts load identification into the large‐scale approximate nearest neighbour search. Different from the existing methods, ADSH treats the query images and database images in an asymmetric way in order to improve accuracy. More specifically, ADSH learns a deep hash function only for query images, while the hash codes for database images are directly learned. The experimental results on REDD and PLAID datasets show that the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy of load identification compared with state‐of‐art methods.
Time‐domain signal and noise modelling and analysis of millimetre‐wave and THz high electron mobility transistors
Authors: Mohammadzade Alireza , Abdipour Abdolali , Askarpour Amir N. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study presents the simultaneous signal and noise modelling and analysis of mm‐wave/THz high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) in the linear regime as stochastic active multi‐conductor transmission lines (SAMTLs). For such devices, stochastic inhomogeneous telegrapher equations of SAMTLs are extracted assuming the domination of the quasi‐transverse electromagnetic mode. Analytical solutions for these equations do not exist. So a numerical analysis of such equations is introduced here at millimetre‐wave and terahertz frequencies. These equations are analysed with a numerical method in the time domain, namely the finite‐integration technique. A semi‐distributed model in the advanced design system commercial software is used to validate the numerical results. Also, the results of noise figure and scattering parameters (S‐parameters) for the metal–semiconductor field‐effect transistor transistor, which has the same SAMTLs model as the HEMT transistor, are compared with the measurement reports at microwave frequencies.
Characterization of densePlanckclumps observed withHerscheland SCUBA-2
Authors: Mannfors E. , Juvela M. , Bronfman L. , Eden D. J. , He J. , Kim G. , Kim K.-T. , Kirppu H. , Liu T. , Montillaud J. , Parsons H. , Sanhueza P. , Shang H. , Soam A. , Tatematsu K. , Traficante A. , Väisälä M. S. , Lee C. W. 
Published: July 2021

Context.Although the basic processes of star formation (SF) are known, more research is needed on SF across multiple scales and environments. ThePlanckall-sky survey provided a large catalog of Galactic cold clouds and clumps that have been the target of several follow-up surveys.Aims.We aim to characterize a diverse selection of dense, potentially star-forming cores, clumps, and clouds within the Milky Way in terms of their dust emission and SF activity.Methods.We studied 53 fields that have been observed in the JCMT SCUBA-2 continuum survey SCOPE and have been mapped withHerschel. We estimated dust properties by fittingHerschelobservations with modified blackbody functions, studied the relationship between dust temperature and dust opacity spectral indexβ, and estimated column densities. We extracted clumps from the SCUBA-2 850 μm maps with the FellWalker algorithm and examined their masses and sizes. Clumps are associated with young stellar objects found in several catalogs. We estimated the gravitational stability of the clumps with virial analysis. The clumps are categorized as unbound starless, prestellar, or protostellar.Results.We find 529 dense clumps, typically with high column densities from (0.3–4.8) × 1022cm−2, with a mean of (1.5 ± 0.04) ×1022cm−2, low temperatures (T ∼ 10–20 K), and estimated submillimeterβ= 1.7 ± 0.1. We detect a slight increase in opacity spectral index toward millimeter wavelengths. Masses of the sources range from 0.04M⊙to 4259M⊙. Mass, linear size, and temperature are correlated with distance. Furthermore, the estimated gravitational stability is dependent on distance, and more distant clumps appear more virially bound. Finally, we present a catalog of properties of the clumps.Conclusions.Our sources present a large array of SF regions, from high-latitude, nearby diffuse clouds to large SF complexes near the Galactic center. Analysis of these regions will continue with the addition of molecular line data, which will allow us to study the densest regions of the clumps in more detail.