bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the short squeeze lead to market abnormality and antileverage effect? Evidence from the Gamestop case
Authors: Vasileiou Evangelos 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis study examines the Gamestop (GME) short squeeze in early 2021. Using intraday data for the period 4/1/2021–5/2/2021, the author provides empirical evidence that the GME stock price exhibited abnormal behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe author uses the popular Runs test to show that the GME returns were not randomly distributed, which is an indication of a violation of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). The main objective of the paper is to provide new quantitative evidence that stock returns are abnormal when short squeeze conditions emerge. The author employs the asymmetry Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models (the Exponential GARCH (EGARCH) and the Threshold GARCH (TGARCH)) and provides evidence that an exceptional time series feature emerged during the examined period: the antileverage effect.FindingsThe results show that the GME returns were not randomly distributed during the examined period and the asymmetry GARCH models indicate that, in contrast to what the time series normally show, volatility increased when the GME prices increased.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper presents a new/alternative approach for the study of EMH and abnormal returns in financial markets. Further studies on market performance during similar short squeeze conditions should be carried out in order to obtain empirical evidence for the antileverage effect abnormality.Practical implicationsThis paper could be useful for scholars who examine the EMH in financial markets because it suggests an additional method for testing abnormalities. It also presents a useful tool that allows practitioners to monitor for indications of abnormality in the stock market during a short squeeze, since the emergence of the antileverage abnormality could function as such an indication. Additionally, the outcome of this analysis could be useful for regulators because coordination among investors is easier than ever in the Internet era and such events may happen again in the future; even under normal (not short squeeze) conditions and lead to market instability.Originality/valueThis research differs from other studies that examine the GME case because it presents a new way to quantitatively present the abnormal performance of the stock markets for reasons that could be linked with the emergence of short squeeze conditions.
A literature review of leadership training and a novel conceptual model of leader-member exchange theory for new dentists
Authors: Danesh David O. , Huber Thomas P. 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to describe the current state of leadership and leader–member exchange (LMX) theory in dentistry and develop a novel conceptual model of LMX to guide future research and highlight the importance of enhancing leadership training for new dentists.Design/methodology/approachA literature review exploring leadership in dentistry and LMX in dentistry was completed. The findings were analyzed with framework analysis to develop a novel conceptual model of LMX specific to dentistry.FindingsLMX theory was applied to leadership in dentistry, including a focus on new dentists, senior dentists, other dental team members and the patient. A new conceptual model of the New Dentist LMX Quartet, which is unique and specific to new dentist teams, was developed.Research limitations/implicationsThe study identifies the need for research in LMX in dentistry, contributes a new conceptual model for LMX theory and identifies future research.Practical implicationsPractitioners, policymakers and educators can utilize this information to explore concepts in leadership and improve training and dental practice.Originality/valueNo other studies specifically exploring LMX in dentistry for new dentists exist. The current literature review and conceptual paper begins the conversation on developing understanding of leadership in dentistry through further research.
Assessing Industry 4.0 readiness in manufacturing: a self-diagnostic framework and an illustrative case study
Authors: Ramanathan Krishnamurthy , Samaranayake Premaratne 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present an Industry 4.0 Readiness Assessment Framework (I4.0RAF) and demonstrate its applicability and practical relevance through a case study of a large manufacturing firm in an emerging economy.Design/methodology/approachThe research firstly involved a synthesis of recent literature for the identification of important determinants, and their constituent criteria, for assessing the readiness of a manufacturing firm to transition to an Industry 4.0 setting and structuring them into a readiness assessment framework that can be used as a self-diagnostic tool. The framework was illustrated through a case study. The empirical findings of readiness assessment are validated using semi-structured interviews of senior management of the organization.FindingsThe proposed I4.0RAF was found to be a practically applicable self-diagnostic tool that can be used to assess a firm's readiness to transition to an Industry 4.0 setting with respect to eight important determinants. Cross-functional participation in the assessment helped the organization to determine priorities and interdependencies among the determinants.Research limitations/implicationsThe determinants and their constituent criteria can be further streamlined using inputs from practitioners, consultants and academics.Practical implicationsThe findings demonstrate the interdependencies between the determinants, help to delineate interventions that can lead to synergistic outcomes and enabls planning to achieve higher levels of Industry 4.0 maturity.Originality/valueA self-diagnostic tool as a basis for an informed discussion on transitioning to an Industry 4.0 setting is presented and illustrated through a case study in an emerging economy.
Predictors of third-person perceptions about media's influence on vaccination against COVID-19
Authors: Buturoiu Raluca , Vladu Loredana , Durach Flavia , Dumitrache Alexandru 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe present study aims to unveil the main predictors of perceived media influence (the third-person effect (TPE)) on people's opinions towards COVID-19 vaccination. While the TPE has been researched before in medical contexts, predictors of TPE on the topic of vaccination against COVID-19 are understudied.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a national survey using an online panel (N = 945) representative for the online population of Romania aged 18 or higher; data were collected during 1–9 April 2021.FindingsResults indicate that people perceive both close and distant others to be more influenced by media information related to COVID-19 vaccination topics. TPE perception is correlated with belief in conspiracy theories about vaccines/vaccination, perceived incidence of fake news about COVID-19 vaccines/vaccination, perceived usefulness of social networking sites and critical thinking.Originality/valueResults from this study might explain the success rate of some communication strategies employed with the help of the media. Key findings could be used as starting points for understanding the profile of those who underestimate the media's impact on themselves with respect to COVID-19 immunization and for designing more successful media strategies.
Empirical research on high-growth entrepreneurship: a literature review and Latam research agenda
Authors: Diaz Tautiva Julian Andres 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
Given the lack of theoretical and empirical research on high-growth entrepreneurs in developed and developing economies; this paper aims to answer, what are the main definitions and typologies used to explain the high-growth phenomenon? How could be described the high-growth entrepreneurs’ life cycle? And what are the main findings and limitations in the empirical research of high-growth entrepreneurship?

Design/methodology/approach
To advance the study of high-growth entrepreneurship and provide a means through which these advancements can contribute to the understanding of how this phenomenon is defined, the authors organize and review the extant literature based on the foundational definition of entrepreneurship, the typologies used to describe it and the phases of new venture process. The final sample of this methodology consisted of 54 empirical works that explored this issue from 2010 to 2020.

Findings
This research develops a roadmap on the current state of high-growth entrepreneurship and provides suggestions to guide future research in extending the understanding of this phenomenon.

Practical implications
The theoretical frameworks developed could be used for both policymakers and entrepreneurs to understand the variables that affect the entrepreneurial life cycle and how they could increase the likelihood of survival of new firms in developed and developing economies.

Originality/value
The research provides evidence about the definitions and entrepreneurial typologies used to describe the high-growth ventures, bridging unconnected theoretical frameworks and proposing an integrated view to exploring the phenomena in a new setting.
Ecological network assembly: How the regional metaweb influences local food webs
Authors: Saravia Leonardo A. , Marina Tomás I. , Kristensen Nadiah P. , De Troch Marleen , Momo Fernando R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLocal food webs result from a sequence of colonisations and extinctions by species from the regional pool or metaweb, that is, the assembly process. Assembly is theorised to be a selective process: whether or not certain species or network structures can persist is partly determined by local processes including habitat filtering and dynamical constraints. Consequently, local food web structure should reflect these processes.The goal of this study was to test evidence for these selective processes by comparing the structural properties of real food webs to the expected distribution given the metaweb. We were particularly interested in ecological dynamics; if the network properties commonly associated with dynamical stability are indeed the result of stability constraints, then they should deviate from expectation in the direction predicted by theory.To create a null expectation, we used the novel approach of randomly assembling model webs by drawing species and interactions from the empirical metaweb. The assembly model permitted colonisation and extinction, and required a consumer species to have at least one prey, but had no habitat type nor population dynamical constraints. Three datasets were used: (a) the marine Antarctic metaweb, with two local food webs; (b) the 50 lakes of the Adirondacks; and (c) the arthropod community from Florida Keys' classic defaunation experiment.Contrary to our expectations, we found that there were almost no differences between empirical webs and those resulting from the null assembly model. Few empirical food webs showed significant differences with network properties, motif representations and topological roles. Network properties associated with stability did not deviate from expectation in the direction predicted by theory.Our results suggest that—for the commonly used metrics we considered—local food web structure is not strongly influenced by dynamical nor habitat restrictions. Instead, the structure is inherited from the metaweb. This suggests that the network properties typically attributed as causes or consequences of ecological stability are instead a by‐product of the assembly process (i.e. spandrels), and may potentially be too coarse to detect the true signal of dynamical constraint.
An observational cohort study to determine the impact of research capacity building strategies implemented in an Australian metropolitan hospital occupational therapy department
Authors: Harper Kristie J. , Taylor Susan L. , Jepiuh Madelynn , Mino Pamela , Huynh Tran Alice , Tam Wai Yin , Harris Courtenay 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionResearch capacity building enhances the abilities of individuals and is critical within health systems for quality patient care and promotes a culture of excellence within the occupational therapy profession. A research capacity building toolkit was proposed identifying strategies to support allied health professionals to undertake research. This study evaluated participant‐reported outcomes of research capacity building toolkit implementation in an occupational therapy department.MethodsAn observational pre–post‐cohort study at a tertiary hospital with volunteer occupational therapists using the standardised Research Capacity in Context Tool (RCCT) and an author‐designed quality improvement (QI) survey was employed. The RCCT measures research capacity and culture at organisation, team and individual levels. Semi‐structured interviews were used to elicit reflections regarding participant experience.ResultsAll levels of the toolkit were implemented successfully. The response rate was 59% (n = 36) at baseline and 49.1% (n = 26) at follow‐up. Eighty‐five percent of participants held direct clinical roles. Nine clinicians participated in the interviews. There were significant improvements in the estimate mean for the organisation (6.51 [2019] compared with 8.13 [2020], p = <0.001) and the team (5.52 [2019] compared with 7.15 [2020], p = 0.001). The individual level did not significantly change with an estimate mean of 4.20 in 2019 increasing slightly to 4.84 in 2020 (p = 0.128). This was supported by the QI survey where improvements were noted in the department but not at an individual level. The qualitative findings verified the components of the toolkit including ‘supporting clinicians in research’, ‘working together’, ‘valuing research for excellence’ and reflected the importance of ‘individual attributes’.ConclusionThe toolkit supported the implementation of specific strategies to enhance research capacity and culture. Improvements within the organisation and team were evident; however, these were not seen at an individual level. Further research about the contribution of individual‐related factors and processes to the building of research capacity is required.
Race as technology and the carceral methodologies of molecular racialization
Authors: St Louis Brett 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article counters the view (albeit contested) of race as a natural empirical object with technology as a secondary, external entity applied to it. Instead, I posit race itself as a technology that is inherently discriminatory in motivation, design and function, as evident throughout its brutally effective history. Focusing on the post/genomic era, I consider contemporary forms of molecular racialization as the latest technological iteration of race as a disciplinary device. I characterize this biopolitical racial technology as operant through a carceral methodology in four stages: (a) the epistemological mutability of molecular racialization as reiterating the obscurantist claim of modern raciology to constitute a benign description of literal racial difference; (b) the ontological de‐individualization of certain racial others as aggregated risky populations and legitimate targets of repressive management; (c) a predictive empiricism whereby molecular race is seen as indicative of potential behaviours that sanctions oppressive state interventions against specific populations; (d) a normative bioethical dissembling whereby state agencies' exploitation of target molecular racialized populations' vulnerabilities result in the debarment of proper ethical consideration and the right to justice. Drawing largely on criminal justice and immigration control examples, the article asserts that the carceral methodologies of molecular racialization demonstrate race as a repressive technology designed to (re)produce subaltern racial populations and propagate racism.
The effects of seed detectability and seed traits on hoarding preference of two rodent species
Authors: WANG Minghui , YI Xianfeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSeed traits play an important role in affecting seed preference and hoarding behaviors of small rodents. Despite greatly affected by seed traits, seed detectability of competitors represents pilfering risks and may also modify seed hoarding preference of animals. However, whether seed traits and seed detectability show consistent effects on seed hoarding preference of animals remain largely unknown. Here, we explored how seed traits and seed detectability correlate with seed hoarding preference of Leopoldamys edwardsi and Apodemus chevrieri in a subtropical forest. Despite the effects of seed coat thickness and caloric value on hoarding preference of L. edwardsi, we detected no significant effects of other seed traits on hording preference of the 2 rodent species. There was no correlation between larder‐hoarding preference and inter‐ or intra‐specific seed detectability of L. edwardsi; however, seed detectability of L. edwardsi was negatively correlated with its own scatter‐hoarding preference. Although scatter‐hoarding preference of A. chevrieri was not correlated with inter‐ and intra‐specific seed detectability, larder‐hoarding preference of A. chevrieri was positively correlated with intra‐specific seed detectability. Our study may provide evidence that intra‐specific seed detectability rather than seed traits and inter‐specific pilfering risks play an important role in modifying seed hoarding preference of rodents.
Effect of carbohydrate type on the structural and functional properties of Maillard‐reacted black bean protein
Authors: Han Lu , Zhou Shijiao , Zhang Xiaoying , Lu Keyang , Qi Baokun , Li Yang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProtein from black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has good solubility, emulsification, and antioxidant properties, with significant potential applications in the food industry. Maillard‐reaction‐mediated dry‐heat glycosylation is a relatively safe modification method to improve the functional properties of black bean protein (BBP). Here, Maillard‐reacted conjugates were prepared by applying 24‐h dry‐heating to induce a reaction between BBP and one of three carbohydrates (dextran, chitosan, and sodium alginate) at 70°C and 79% relative humidity. The resulting Maillard conjugates were designated as BBP–Dex, BBP–Ch, and BBP–SA, respectively. The formation of each Maillard conjugate was characterized by analyzing the grafting degree, free sulfhydryl (SH) groups content, and surface hydrophobicity, as well as the results of Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy results provided information on the formation of the Maillard conjugates. The BBP–SA conjugate had a higher grafting degree and SH group content than the other two conjugates. The solubility, emulsifying properties, and antioxidant properties of the BBP were significantly improved after the Maillard reaction (p < 0.05). Moreover, the physicochemical and functional properties of the conjugates were superior to those of the BBP–carbohydrate mixtures, indicating that covalent interactions may be stronger than noncovalent interactions. This study provides theoretical guidance for future research on protein–carbohydrate conjugates.Practical ApplicationThis study has great potential applications in the development of new multi‐functional food ingredients and the realization of functional factor homeostasis, and provides scientific and theoretical bases for the application of protein–carbohydrate conjugate in the field of functional food.
Design and evaluation of an intelligent sorting system for bell pepper using deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Mohi‐Alden Khaled , Omid Mahmoud , Soltani Firouz Mahmoud , Nasiri Amin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHomogeneity of appearance attributes of bell peppers is essential for consumers and food industries. This research aimed to develop an in‐line sorting system using a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) which is considered the state‐of‐the‐art in the field of machine vision‐based classifications, for grading bell peppers into five classes. According to export standards, the crop should be graded based on maturity stage and size. For that, the fully connected layer in the ResNet50 architecture of DCNN was replaced with a developed classifier block, including a global average‐pooling layer, dense layers, batch normalization, and dropout layer. The developed model was trained and evaluated through the five‐fold cross‐validation method. The required processing time to classify each sample in the proposed model was estimated as 4 ms which is fast enough for real‐time applications. Accordingly, the DCNN model was integrated with a machine vision‐based designed sorting machine. Then, the developed system was evaluated in the in‐line phase. The performance parameters in the in‐line phase include accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1‐score, and overall accuracies were 98.7%, 97%, 96.9%, 99%, 96.9%, and 96.9%, respectively. The total rate of sorting the bell pepper was also measured as approximately 3000 sample/h with one sorting line. The proposed sorting system demonstrates a very good capability that allows it to be used in industrial applications.Practical ApplicationA developed intelligent model was integrated with a machine vision‐based designed sorting machine for bell peppers. The developed system can sort the crop according to export criteria with an accuracy of 96.9%. The proposed sorting system demonstrated a very good capability that allows it to be used in industrial applications.
Sweet cherry phenolics revealed to be promising agents in inhibiting P‐glycoprotein activity and increasing cellular viability under oxidative stress conditions: in vitro and in silico study
Authors: Gonçalves Ana C. , Rodrigues Márcio , Flores‐Félix José David , Campos Gonçalo , Nunes Ana R. , Ribeiro Alessandra Braga , Silva Luís R. , Alves Gilberto 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the total phenolic and anthocyanin content (TPC and TAC, respectively), and the biological potential of Portuguese sweet cherry cultivars. The TPC and TAC values ranged between 72.9 and 493.6 gallic acid equivalents per 100 g fresh weight (fw), and from 1.0 to 179.1 cyanidin 3‐O‐rutinoside equivalents per 100 g fw, respectively. Cristalina total extract was the most effective in capturing DPPH reactive species, whereas the colored fraction and the total extract of Saco cultivar were the most efficient in scavenging ferric and peroxide species. Celeste total extract was the most effective in inhibiting α‐glucosidase enzyme. Phenolic‐rich extracts and standard phenolics also revealed ability to interfere with the P‐gp activity on MDCK‐II and MDCK‐MDR1 cells and to increase cellular viability under conditions of oxidative stress. Computational studies were performed to evaluate the interaction between phenolics and the P‐gp activity. This study revealed that cherry extracts and their phenolic compounds present notable biological properties, encouraging the development of cherry‐based dietary and medicinal supplements.Practical ApplicationThe interest in phenolic‐rich sources has increased significantly in recent years, given their capacity to prevent the development of chronic disorders, such as cancer. Recent evidence suggests that phenolic compounds can act as P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) inhibitors, an important drug efflux transporter, preventing multidrug resistance, and thus, enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of some drugs in certain target cells. Our results indicate that enriched‐fractions from sweet cherries can effectively interfere with the P‐gp activity on MDCK‐II and MDCK‐MDR1 cells and protect against oxidative damage.