bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association study of yield components in spring wheat collection harvested under two water regimes in Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Amalova Akerke , Abugalieva Saule , Babkenov Adylkhan , Babkenova Sandukash , Turuspekov Yerlan 
Published: July 2021

Background
Bread wheat is the most important cereal in Kazakhstan, where it is grown on over 12 million hectares. One of the major constraints affecting wheat grain yield is drought due to the limited water supply. Hence, the development of drought-resistant cultivars is critical for ensuring food security in this country. Therefore, identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with drought tolerance as an essential step in modern breeding activities, which rely on a marker-assisted selection approach.

Methods
A collection of 179 spring wheat accessions was tested under irrigated and rainfed conditions in Northern Kazakhstan over three years (2018, 2019, and 2020), during which data was collected on nine traits: heading date (HD), seed maturity date (SMD), plant height (PH), peduncle length (PL), number of productive spikes (NPS), spike length (SL), number of kernels per spike (NKS), thousand kernel weight (TKW), and kernels yield per m2 (YM2). The collection was genotyped using a 20,000 (20K) Illumina iSelect SNP array, and 8,662 polymorphic SNP markers were selected for a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify QTLs for targeted agronomic traits.

Results
Out of the total of 237 discovered QTLs, 50 were identified as being stable QTLs for irrigated and rainfed conditions in the Akmola region, Northern Kazakhstan; the identified QTLs were associated with all the studied traits except PH. The results indicate that nine QTLs for HD and 11 QTLs for SMD are presumably novel genetic factors identified in the irrigated and rainfed conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. The identified SNP markers of the QTLs for targeted traits in rainfed conditions can be applied to develop new competitive spring wheat cultivars in arid zones using a marker-assisted selection approach.
Acetazolamide-Induced Ciliochoroidal Effusion In A Patient With Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma
Authors: Aguiar Marushka , D’Costa Naomi Desiree , Ugam  , Usgaonkar P.S. 
Published: July 2021

Aim:
We describe a male patient, with Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma who developed bilateral ciliochoroidal effusions after Acetazolamide ingestion.

Observations:
Our patient was referred from a local health centre with history of ocular pain, redness and headache following ingestion of acetazolamide. Clinical examination suggested Angle closure glaucoma. A B-scan ultrasound confirmed the bilateral ciliochoroidal effusions. He was treated by omission of acetazolamide and started on appropriate management. Two weeks later, the bilateral ciliochoroidal effusions and acute angle closure were resolved.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, drug-induced bilateral ciliochoroidal effusion syndrome has not been reported with acetazolamide in Pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Glycaemic Regulation with Zinc Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Bhadarge Gangaram , Dawande Pratibha , Bankar Nandkishor , Kotecha Raunak 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Zn supplementation improved glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in diabetic rats, revealing Zn's defensive effect against oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. The investigators have discovered that consuming Zn increased liver function and protected pancreatic tissue from damage caused by diabetes. Since Zn also prevents chronic hyperglycemia, it helps to minimize oxidative stress caused by type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem that affects more than 3 million people worldwide (16% of population). Chronic hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress in diabetic patients by the development of free radicals (oxidants) and lowering the antioxidant protection mechanism.
Aim: Glycaemic Regulation with Zinc Combination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Materials and Methods: Faculty of Medicine and Diabetic Opd, Datta Meghe Mediсаl Соllege and Shаlinitаi Meghe Hоsрitаl аnd Reseаrсh Сenter, Nаgрur in соllаbоrаtion with Dаttа Meghe Institute оf Mediсаl Sсienсes Deemed to be University, Sаwаngi, Wаrdhа, Mаhаrаshtrа.
Results: The mean Zn level was 12.213±2.342in all participants and 9.121±1.782 in the control group, whereas it was significantly low (9.121±1.782) in the diabetic group, and there was statistically significant difference in Zn levels between the controls and the diabetic group (P < 0.001).FBS, HbA1C, serum Zinc mean effects between control and patients showed statistically significant differences in type 2 diabetes mellitus (P <0.0001).
Conclusion: Our findings show that people with diabetes have lower levels of Zn than healthy people. The cause and effect of the association between very low levels of Zn and the progression of diabetes, or diabetes that causes Zn deficiency, is still unknown. Low levels of Zn are associated with poor glycemic control, and poor glycemic control is a good indication of Zn deficiency, as there was a negative association between serum Zn and FBS and HBA1C. If diabetic patients have low glycemic regulation, a long history of diabetes, obesity, or are over the age of 50, we look to assess their levels in Zn so that Zn alternative treatment can begin to release oxidative stress in this high-risk group.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Health Impact and Social Responsibility
Authors: Chhabadia Gazal 
Published: July 2021

Background: COVID-19 is wreaking havoc all around the world and the containment measures are in progress. Vaccine news may cheer up but social vaccine must continue to be employed.
Summary: COVID-19 has affected almost every aspect of the life mostly adversely and profound effect can be seen. Vulnerable sections are worst hit and need some kind of stimulus and help. Social responsibility of every citizen who are capable to help is kicked in as there is the time of distress. Digital divide and vulnerabilities cane be addressed through coordinated efforts between various agencies.
Conclusion: More coordinated examples need to be flashed so that more people can join these efforts. Huge amount of potential is still there as social responsibility needs to be taken by many of us. Social responsibility is the debt that we had taken from the society and we need to pay back it by various act of generosity. Even donating food and providing clothes to needy can be considered as act of kindness. Digital divide is increasing and socially responsible people can address it by pooling some resources from likeminded folks and easily tackle the digital divide and bridge.
Light‐Controlled Precise Delivery of NIR‐Responsive Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles with Promoted Vascular Permeability
Authors: Qi Weizhi , Li Tingting , Zhang Chen , Liu Fei , Wang Jun , Chen Dandan , Fang Xiaofeng , Wu Changfeng , Li Kai , Xi Lei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe endothelial barrier plays an essential role in health and disease by protecting organs from toxins while allowing nutrients to access the circulation. However, it is the major obstacle that limits the delivery of therapeutic drugs to the diseased tissue. Here, it is reported for the first time that near‐infrared (NIR) laser pulses can transiently promote the delivery of semiconducting polymer nanoparticles passing the vascular barrier via photoacoustic‐effect‐induced accumulation, only by the aid of pulse laser irradiation. This strategy enables selective and substantial accumulation of the NIR‐absorbing nanoparticles inside specific tissues, implying the discovery of an unprecedented approach for light‐controlled nanoparticle delivery. Especially, the nanoparticle delivery in solid tumors by 10‐min laser scanning is approximately six times higher than that of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in 24 h under current experimental conditions. Further results confirm that this strategy facilitates substantial accumulation of nanoparticles in the mouse brain with intact skull. This approach thus opens a new door for tissue‐specific delivery of nanomaterials with an unprecedented level of efficiency and precision.
Custom‐Built Graphene Acoustic‐Absorbing Aerogel for Audio Signal Recognition
Authors: Li Zengling , Yang Hongsheng , Lupi Stefano , Li Yuanyuan , Sun Xiaotong , Liu Xiaoting , Chen Nan , Cheng Huhu , Qu Liangti 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPorous acoustic‐absorbing materials currently used to solve noise pollution mainly include polyurethane composite materials and porous fibers which are dedicated to achieving good noise reduction effects in a wide frequency range. Nevertheless, traditional porous acoustic‐absorbing materials face irreparable defects as required by the multifunction and high energy efficiency. The reason is nothing more than the internal microstructure of conventional acoustic‐absorbing materials is difficult to be precisely controlled by macroscopic operations, resulting in poor mass transfer capability and low energy conversion efficiency. In this work, by customized design of controlled mechanical foaming and atmospheric drying technique, a custom‐built graphene aerogel (cGA) as acoustic‐absorbing material with an acoustic absorption coefficient approaching 100% is prepared, which can efficiently absorb noise at an assigned frequency (2000–6000 Hz range) according to individual needs. Through simple stacking, cGAs expand from single‐frequency absorption to multi‐frequency high‐efficiency absorption. What is more significant is that a single aerogel has electrical signal responses of different intensities to sounds of different frequencies, which allows to build the aerogel into an acoustic detector to convert noise signals into electrical signals and realize the goal of sound fingerprint detection.
Overcoming Ni3+‐Induced Non‐Radiative Recombination at Perovskite‐Nickel Oxide Interfaces to Boost Voltages in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Yaxiong , Ma Junjie , Wang Haibing , Ye Feihong , Xiong Liangbin , Lei Hongwei , Tan Zuojun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNickel oxide (NiOx) is desirable hole selective material (HSMs) for perovskite photovoltaics because of the characteristic in stability and low cost. However, they deliver limited open‐circuit voltage (VOC) compared to some organic HSMs. As it is known, the performance of perovskite solar cells is predominantly limited by trap‐assisted non‐radiative recombination at the perovskite/hole‐selective layer interfaces. A typical lithium‐doping strategy leads to the valence‐band maximum shift and the electronic levels of NiOx can be tuned robustly to match perovskite active layer in perovskite solar cells. More critically, carrier dynamics studies demonstrate another critical PN4N interlayer strategy reduced interfacial density of defect sites and trap‐assisted recombination. These merits contribute coordinately to lower energy loss across the perovskite/NiOx interface and facilitate charge transport process through the relevant interface, yielding VOC values increase to 1.14 V and power conversion efficiencies over 20%.
Optimizing row spacing increased radiation use efficiency and yield of maize
Authors: Li Rongfa , Zhang Guoqiang , Xie Ruizhi , Hou Peng , Ming Bo , Xue Jun , Wang Keru , Li Shaokun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of row spacing and plant density on maize (Zea mays L.) yield and radiation use efficiency (RUE). This experiment that was conducted in 2018 and 2019 contained two plant densities (90,000 and 120,000 plant ha−1) and four row spacings (60–50, 70–40, 80–30, and 90–20 cm). In this experiment the distance between four rows in the 60–50 treatment was 50, 60, and 50 cm, whereas the distance between four maize rows in the 90–20 treatment was 20, 90, and 20 cm. For a given planting rate, the leaf area index (LAI) for the 70–40 treatment was higher than the 60–50, 80–30, or 90–20 treatments. The averaged post‐silking RUE was 11.1% higher in the high (HD) than low density (LD) seeding. Planting maize in a 70–40 arrangement had higher post‐silking RUE than planting in the 80–30 and 90–20 cm arrangements. These grain numbers per ear decreased and grain numbers per square increased with increased planting densities under the same planting patterns. Compared to LD, the average annual grain yield of DH618, KWS9384 and KWS2030 in HD increased by 5.21, 4.84, and 3.68%, respectively. Compared to 90–20 treatment, the average annual grain yield under 60–50, 70–40, and 80–30 treatments increased by 7.20, 6.39, and 5.20% in LD, and 5.15, 6.39, and 1.72% in HD, respectively. Therefore, we concluded that 60–50, 70–40, and 80–30 treatments in LD, 60–50 and 70–40 treatments in HD will increase grain yields in the tested environment.
Conservation agriculture for food security and climate resilience in Nepal
Authors: Joshi Deepak R. , Ghimire Rajan , Kharel Tulsi , Mishra Umakant , Clay Sharon A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAchieving the sustainable development goals of the United Nations requires innovations in agriculture and development of climate‐smart and economically feasible approaches for smallholder farmers in developing countries. Historical climate data of Nepal, which include 116 yr since 1901, has shown an increasing trend for average temperature by 0.016 °C yr–1 whereas precipitation has shown a decreasing trend by 0.137 mm yr–1. Such weather trends could enhance glacier melt associated flooding, and delayed monsoon rainfalls negatively impacting the agricultural production. The Nepalese government is promoting conservation agriculture (CA) through development of low‐cost technologies that can be used effectively in difficult terrains. Such techniques include crop diversification, crop rotation, cover crops, and minimum tillage; all of which can reduce soil degradation. In addition, increasing crop residue retention can result in greater C sequestration and crop yield and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. However, there is still lack of consensus on the merits of CA in the context of smallholder farming systems in Nepal. This paper reviews existing literature and provides an overview of farming practices in Nepal, highlights near‐term challenges associated with climate change and food security, and discusses the role of CA as a climate‐smart strategy to minimize soil degradation and improve food security.
Myxadazoles, Myxobacterium‐Derived Isoxazole–Benzimidazole Hybrids with Cardiovascular Activities
Authors: Li Yuelan , Zhuo Li , Li Xiaobin , Zhu Yongqiang , Wu Shuge , Shen Tao , Hu Wei , Li Yue‐Zhong , Wu Changsheng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is a continuous need for novel microbial natural products to fill the drying‐up drug development pipeline. Herein, we report myxadazoles from Myxococcus sp. SDU36, a family of novel chimeric small molecules that consist of N‐ribityl 5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole and a linear fatty acid chain endowed with an isoxazole ring. The experiments of genome sequencing, gene insertion mutation, isotope labelling, and precursor feeding demonstrated that the fatty acid chain was encoded by a non‐canonical PKS/NRPS gene cluster, whereas the origin of N‐ribityl 5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazole was related to the vitamin B12 metabolism. The convergence of these two distinct biosynthetic pathways through a C‐N coupling led to the unique chemical framework of myxadazoles, which is an unprecedented hybridization mode in the paradigm of natural products. Myxadazoles exhibited potent vasculogenesis promotion effect and moderate antithrombotic activity, underscoring their potential usage for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Kinetic study of the microwave‐induced thermal degradation of cv. Arbequina olive oils flavored with lemon verbena essential oil
Authors: Cherif Marwa , Rodrigues Nuno , Veloso Ana C. A. , Pereira José Alberto , Peres António M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe effect of typical domestic microwave heating (0–15 min, at 800 W) on the thermal degradation of unflavored and flavored olive oils' minor bioactive compounds and related antioxidant activity was studied. Olive oils from cv. Arbequina were flavored with lemon verbena essential oil (0%, 0.2% and 0.4%, w/w) leading to a linear increase of total phenols (112–160 mg gallic acid kg−1 oil, R‐Pearson = +0.9870), total carotenoids (2.19–2.56 mg lutein kg−1 oil, R‐Pearson = +0.9611), and, to a less extent, of chlorophyll (2.32–3.19 mg pheophytin kg−1 oil, R‐Pearson = +0.8238). However, no such linear trend was observed for the oxidative stability (6.5–7.8 h) or the radical scavenging activity (inhibition rates: 40%–43%). The contents of total phenols, total carotenoids, and chlorophyll decreased with the rise of the microwave heating time, following their thermal degradation, a second‐order kinetic model (0.8784 ≤ R‐Pearson ≤ 0.9926). The essential oil addition did not influence the estimated second‐order rate reaction constants of total phenols (0.00070–0.00072 kg oil min−1 mg−1 gallic acid)and total carotenoids (0.14–0.17 kg oil min−1 mg−1 lutein), with a broader variation observed for chlorophyll (0.014–0.022 kg oil min−1 mg−1 pheophytin). Globally, total carotenoids degraded faster than total phenols and chlorophyll (half‐life of 2.3–3.4, 8.8–12.8, and 14.5–30.8 min, respectively). Moreover, except for chlorophyll, the half‐life of total phenols and carotenoids linearly decreased with the essential oil addition (R‐Pearson: −0.9999 and −0.9421, respectively), showing that flavoring did not have a protective effect against degradation when subjected to a microwave heating.
Thirty‐day hospital readmission rate, reasons, and risk factors after acute inpatient cancer rehabilitation
Authors: Tennison Jegy M. , Rianon Nahid J. , Manzano Joanna G. , Munsell Mark F. , George Marina C. , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the 30‐day hospital readmission rate, reasons, and risk factors for patients with cancer who were discharged to home setting after acute inpatient rehabilitation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a secondary retrospective analysis of participants in a completed prospective survey study that assessed the continuity of care and functional safety concerns upon discharge and 30 days after discharge in adults. Patients were enrolled from September 5, 2018, to February 7, 2020, at a large academic quaternary cancer center with National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center designation.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThirty‐day hospital readmission rate, descriptive summary of reasons for readmissions, and statistical analyses of risk factors related to readmission.ResultsFifty‐five (21%) of the 257 patients were readmitted to hospital within 30 days of discharge from acute inpatient rehabilitation. The reasons for readmissions were infection (20, 7.8%), neoplasm (9, 3.5%), neurological (7, 2.7%), gastrointestinal disorder (6, 2.3%), renal failure (3, 1.1%), acute coronary syndrome (3, 1.1%), heart failure (1, 0.4%), fracture (1, 0.4%), hematuria (1, 0.4%), wound (1, 0.4%), nephrolithiasis (1, 0.4%), hypervolemia (1, 0.4%), and pain (1, 0.4%). Multivariate logistic regression modeling indicated that having a lower locomotion score (OR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07–1.56; p = 0.007) at discharge, having an increased number of medications (OR = 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01–1.25; p = 0.028) at discharge, and having a lower hemoglobin at discharge (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03–1.66; p = 0.031) were independently associated with 30‐day readmission.Conclusion and RelevanceAmong adult patients with cancer discharged to home setting after acute inpatient rehabilitation, the 30‐day readmission rate of 21% was higher than that reported for other rehabilitation populations but within the range reported for patients with cancer who did not undergo acute inpatient rehabilitation.
Construction of Dot‐Matrix Cu0‐Cu1Ni3 Alloy Nano‐Dispersions on the Surface of Porous N‐Autodoped Biochar for Selective Hydrogenation of Furfural
Authors: Fu Qiuli , Yang Shibo , Ning Ping , Miao Rongrong , He Liang , Guan Qingqing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing cheap Cu‐based catalysts for highly selective hydrogenation of furfural (FAL) is of great importance of upgrading this biomass‐derived platform molecule but is still challenging for large‐scale application due to the low conversion efficiency and the easy aggregation of Cu active sites. To address these issues, a nitrogen‐autodoped porous biochar derived from rubber seed shell (rssAC) was fabricated for anchoring Cu sites on a nanoscale. Moreover, by the co‐crystallization strategy of Cu and the second metal (M, M=Ni, Zn, Co, Ce), stable Cu−M nanoalloys were constructed on the surface of the rssAC support. The FAL hydrogenation experiments showed that the type, proportion and loading amount of the second metal had great effect on the catalytic efficiency. Compared with the other metals, Ni‐doped Cu/rssAC catalyst exhibited the best hydrogenation performance due to their extraordinary adsorption and activation capacity for hydrogen. Further, the highest catalytic efficiency was observed using 20 % Cu1Ni1/rssAC catalyst. The characterization results showed that the key to its success was highly‐dispersive anchoring of the CuNi active sites onto the inner/outer surface of the nanopores of rssAC support by the strong interaction between the surface N‐containing functional groups and metals. Of note, the formed CuNi alloys with the Cu/Ni atomic ratio of 1 : 3 played an important role in the stabilization of the adjacent nano‐dot matrix Cu0 species. Kinetic test indicated that the formation step of furfuryl alcohol (FOL) from FAL was still the key step and the hydrogenation products can be converted between FOL and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA). The life evaluation test showed that the catalyst still kept high activity and selectivity after being reused five times. The advanced synthesis method co‐using N‐doped support anchoring and the second metal alloying strategy sheds light on preparing effective catalysts for hydrogenation of biomass‐based compounds.
Patients with suspected allergic reactions to COVID‐19 vaccines can be safely revaccinated after diagnostic work‐up
Authors: Rasmussen Trine Holm , Mortz Charlotte Gotthard , Georgsen Torbjorn Kabel , Rasmussen Helene Marlies , Kjaer Henrik Fomsgaard , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhen initiating the Danish vaccination program against COVID‐19, the incidence of anaphylaxis was estimated to be 10 times higher compared to other virus‐based vaccines. In this study, we present data on patients referred with suspected allergic reactions to COVID‐19 vaccines. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the incidence and severity of the allergic reactions, and to evaluate the safety of revaccination.MethodsAll patients in the region of Southern Denmark with case histories of allergic reactions to COVID‐19 vaccines in a defined period are included in this study. Diagnostic work up consisted of a detailed case history, evaluation of Brighton level of diagnostic certainty and World Allergy Organization grade of anaphylaxis and skin prick testing‐ and basophil histamine release testing with COVID‐19 vaccines and relevant drug excipients. Patients were revaccinated at the Allergy Center when possible.ResultsSixty‐one patients are included in this study. In 199,377 doses administered, nine patients fulfilled the criteria of anaphylaxis when using the Brighton Criteria (incidence being 45 per million). Of 55 patients with reactions to the first dose, 52 patients were revaccinated without adverse reactions. We found no proven cases of immediate anaphylaxis due to COVID‐19 vaccines. By skin prick test, we diagnosed three patients with drug excipient allergy and further a patient with mastocytosis was found.ConclusionsAnaphylactic reactions to COVID‐19 vaccines are rare and the incidence is similar to what is seen with other virus‐based vaccines. Revaccination is safe in the majority of patients; however, allergological evaluation is important since some prove to have drug excipient allergy.