bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Introduction to Crime & Punishment
Authors: Walker-Nolan Lorne 
Published: March 2021

Few scholars of Australian history need reminding that Colonial Australia began as a British prison. The detrimental effect these origins had, and arguably still have, on Indigenous Australia is unambiguous. The extent to which this brutal background shaped the modern nation merits re-evaluation. In this issue of Coolabah, we aim to extrapolate and explore the links stretching from the First Fleet, and assess how much of a role this past plays in the building of the modern Australian nation.
Clinical and immunological characteristics of tegumentary leishmaniasis cases in Bolivia
Authors: Ballart Cristina , Torrico Mary Cruz , Vidal Gisela , Torrico Faustino , Lozano Daniel , Gállego Montserrat , Pinto Lilian , Rojas Ernesto , Aguilar Ruth , Dobaño Carlota , Ares-Gomez Sonia , Picado Albert 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundTegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is a parasitic disease that can present a cutaneous or mucocutaneous clinical form (CL and MCL, respectively). The disease is caused by differentLeishmaniaspecies and transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. Bolivia has one of the highest incidences of the disease in South America and the diagnosis is done by parasitological techniques. Our aim was to describe the clinical and immunological characteristics of CL and MCL patients attending the leishmaniasis reference center in Cochabamba, Bolivia, in order to gain updated clinical and epidemiological information, to evaluate the diagnostic methods used and to identify biomarkers related to clinical disease and its evolution.Methodology/Principal findingsThe study was conducted from September 2014 to November 2015 and 135 patients with lesions compatible with CL or MCL were included. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Two parasitological diagnostic methods were used: Giemsa-stained smears and culture of lesion aspirates. Blood samples obtained from participants were used to measure the concentrations of different cytokines. 59.2% (80/135) were leishmaniasis confirmed cases (CL: 71.3%; MCL: 28.7%). Sixty percent of the confirmed cases were positive by smears and 90.6% were positive by culture. 53.8% were primo-infections. Eotaxin and monokine induced by IFN-γ presented higher serum concentrations in the MCL clinical presentation compared to CL cases and no-cases. None of the cytokines presented different concentrations between primo-infections and secondary infections due to treatment failure.Conclusions/SignificanceIn Bolivia, parasitological diagnosis remains the reference standard in diagnosis of leishmaniasis because of its high specificity, whereas the sensitivity varies over a wide range leading to loss of cases. Until more accurate tools are implemented, all patients should be tested by both smears and culture of lesion aspirates to minimize the risk of false negatives. Our results showed higher concentrations of several cytokines in MCL compared to CL, but no differences were observed between CL and no-cases. In addition, none of the cytokines differed between primary and secondary infections. These results highlight the need of further research to identify biomarkers of susceptibility and disease progression, in addition to looking at the local cellular immune responses in the lesions.
Oncofertility care for newly diagnosed girls with cancer in a national pediatric oncology setting, the first full year experience from the Princess Máxima Center, the PEARL study
Authors: van der Perk M. E. Madeleine , van der Kooi Anne-Lotte L. F. , van de Wetering Marianne D. , IJgosse Irene M. , van Dulmen-den Broeder Eline , Broer Simone L. , Klijn Aart J. , Versluys A. Birgitta , Arends Brigitte , Oude Ophuis Ralph J. A. , van Santen Hanneke M. , van der Steeg Alida F. W. , Veening Margreet A. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Bos Annelies M. E. 
Published: March 2021

Background
Childhood cancer patients often remain uninformed regarding their potential risk of gonadal damage. In our hospital we introduced a five step standard oncofertility care plan for all newly diagnosed female patients aiming to identify, inform and triage 100% of patients and counsel 100% of patients at high risk (HR) of gonadal damage. This observational retrospective study (PEARL study) evaluated the use of this standard oncofertility care plan in the first full year in a national cohort.

Methods
The steps consist of 1)timely (preferably before start of gonadotoxic treatment) identification of all new patients, 2)triage of gonadal damage risk using a standardized gonadal damage risk stratification tool, 3)informing all patients and families, 4)counseling of a selected subset of girls, and 5) fertility preservation including ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) in HR patients using amended Edinburgh criteria. A survey of the medical records of all girls newly diagnosed with cancer the first year (1-1-2019 until 31-12-2019) was conducted.

Results
Of 261 girls, 228 (87.4%) were timely identified and triaged. Triage resulted in 151 (66%) low(LR), 32 (14%) intermediate(IR) and 45 (20%) high risk(HR) patients. Ninety-nine families were documented to be timely informed regarding gonadal damage risk. In total, 35 girls (5 LR, 5 IR, 25 HR) were counseled by an oncofertility expert. 16/25 HR patients underwent fertility preservation (1 ovariopexy + OTC, oocyte cryopreservation (1 with and 1 without OTC) and 13 OTC). Fertility preservation did not lead to complications or delay of cancer treatment in any patient.

Conclusion
We timely identified and triaged most girls (88%) with cancer with a high risk of gonadal damage to be counseled for fertility preservation. We aim to optimize the oncofertility care plan and the standardized gonadal damage risk stratification tool based on this experience and these may be of value to other pediatric oncology centers.
La historia de la medicina en las enfermedades epidémicas: entre la realidad y la imaginación
Authors: Sánchez Fernández Luis Vicente , Pipa Muñiz Covadonga 
Published: March 2021

En este trabajo planteamos un breve ensayo de las epidemias o pandemias que ocurrieron en el mundo occidental y de las cuales tenemos documentación fehaciente desde el siglo XIV hasta el momento presente. En la misma línea exponemos que estamos inmersos en la epidemia del siglo XXI como consecuencia directa de la bonanza económica que estamos atravesando. En nuestro caso el escenario lo aplicamos a España y a Asturias; reflejando el número de fallecidos. La lucha por la vida con las carencias alimenticias que arrostró la humanidad de manera constante hasta el siglo XVIII que anulan toda posibilidad de defensa innata frente al mal, la muerte súbita de la peste bubónica, las deformaciones de la viruela, etc. ocupan la parte dura, pero es la realidad de la senda humana. En un segundo plano exponemos una serie de películas o de novelas que guardan cierta relación con los brotes epidémicos. Esto es pura fantasía.
Creemos que ambas visiones se pueden complementar porque el temor, el odio al extranjero, la inseguridad ante lo incierto, el aislamiento, el reflejo de huída, el miedo a la muerte o la búsqueda de un remedio curativo son situaciones reales en ambos mundos.
Incidence of hyperkalemia during hypertonic saline test for the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus
Authors: Potasso Laura , Refardt Julie , Chifu Irina , Fassnacht Martin , Fenske Wiebke Kristin , Christ-Crain Mirjam 
Published: March 2021

Objective
Hyperkalemia has been reported upon different hypertonic saline infusion protocols. Since hypertonic saline test has recently been validated for the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI), we aimed to investigate the course of plasma potassium during the test.

Design
We analyzed data of 90 healthy volunteers and 141 patients with polyuria–polydipsia syndrome (PPS) from two prospective studies evaluating the hypertonic saline test. Our primary outcome was the incidence rate of hypertonic saline-induced hyperkalemia > 5 mmol/L.

Methods
Participants received a 250 mL bolus of 3% NaCl solution, followed by 0.15 mL/min/kg body weight continuously infused targeting a plasma sodium level of 150 mmol/L. Blood samples and clinical data were collected every 30 min.

Results
Of the 231 participants, 16% (n = 37/231) developed hyperkalemia. The incidence of hyperkalemia was higher in healthy volunteers and in patients with primary polydipsia (25.6% (n = 23/90) and 9.9% (n = 14/141), respectively), and only occurred in 3.4% (n = 2/59) of patients with diabetes insipidus. Hyperkalemia developed mostly at or after 90-min test duration (81.1%, n => 30/37). Predictors of hyperkalemia (OR (95% CI)) were male sex (2.9 (1.2–7.4), P => 0.02), a plasma potassium at baseline > 3.9 mmol/L (5.2 (1.8–17.3), P => 0.004), normonatremia at 30-min test duration (3.2 (1.2–9.5), P => 0.03), and an increase in potassium levels already at 30-min test duration as compared to baseline (4.5 (1.7–12.3), P => 0.003). Hyperkalemia was transient and resolved spontaneously in all cases.

Conclusion
The hypertonic saline test can lead to hyperkalemia, especially in patients with primary polydipsia who experience a longer test duration. Monitoring potassium levels in these patients is recommended.
Impact of age on survival in radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer patients
Authors: Saïe C , Wassermann J , Mathy E , Chereau N , Leenhardt L , Tezenas du Montcel S , Buffet C 
Published: March 2021

Objective
The objectives of our study were to analyze the influence of age on the survival of patients with RAIR-DTC and to determine their prognostic factors according to age.

Methods
This single-center, retrospective study enrolled 155 patients diagnosed with RAIR-DTC. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) according to different cutoff (45, 55, 65, 75 years). Secondary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS) and prognostic factors in patients under and over 65 years.

Results
Median OS after RAIR diagnosis was 8.2 years (95% IC: 5.3–9.6). There was no difference according to age with a 65 (P = 0.47) and 55 years old cutoff (P = 0.28). Median OS improved significantly before 45 years old (P = 0.0043). After 75 years old, median OS significantly decreased (P = 0.0008). Median PFS was 2.1 years (95% CI: 0.8–3) in patients < 65 years old, and 1 year in patients ≥ 65 years old (95% CI: 0.8–1.55) with no statistical difference (P = 0.22). There was no impact of age on PFS with any cutoff. In both groups, progressive disease despite 131I treatment reduced OS. In patients < 65 years old, an interval of less than 3 years between the initial diagnosis and the diagnosis of RAIR metastatic disease was predictive of poor survival. In patients > 65 years old, the presence of a mediastinum metastasis was a significant factor for mortality (HR: 4.55, 95% CI: 2.27–9.09).

Conclusion
In RAIR-DTC patients, a cut-off age of 65 years old was not a significant predictive factor of survival. Forty-five and 75-years-old cutoff were predictive for OS but not PFS.
The Arabic-Turkish Fragments of the Croatian Latinist Writer Bartul Đurđević in the Polish Anti-Tatar Book Alfurkan Tatarski by Piotr Czyżewski (Wilno, 1616/1617)
Authors: Temchin Sergei 
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on the small Oriental texts published in Piotr Czyżewski’s Polish anti-Muslim pamphlet Alfurkan tatarski (Wilno, 1616/1617) directed against the local Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. These texts consist of a small Arabic-Turkish prayer and the well-known Ottoman prophecy about “The Red Apple” and the expected victory of Christians over the Turks. The author argues that they go back to the Latin-language editions of the Croatian writer Bartul Đurđević/Bartolomej Georgijević (c. 1506 – c. 1566), who, after his return from a long Ottoman captivity, published several books on the Turkish subjects that were translated into many national European languages and disseminated in different editions throughout Western and Central Europe. These editions often contained samples of Ottoman texts accompanied by a parallel Latin translation and Latin-language interpretations of them, as well as small bilingual dictionaries, thus introducing Islam and the Turkish language to Europe. The article demonstrates the widespread prevalence of both Oriental texts (the Arabic-Turkish prayer and the Ottoman prophecy) in the European printed tradition and the presence of interest in them in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, evidenced by a manuscript copy of the Ottoman prophecy (late 17th century) and the Polish translation of both texts published in 1548 and 1615.
“Traditions” from Folklore Studies to Media Product and the Beginnings of Broadcasting in Romania
Authors: Iosif Corina 
Published: March 2021

The rhetorical logic of the discourse which is currently building the image of the junction between tradition and nation (and of the concepts thus required) is also due to processing this discourse in the media. That is to say that the connection between media communication and the political instrumentalization of traditions as a domain of national constructs has offered proper soil for shaping the political and ideological narratives based on nation.
The use of some concepts, such as nation, national culture, traditions and folklore in the first decades of the 20th century, and their instrumentalization as radio products, created the premises and particularly the pattern of some specific discursive constructions regarding the nation- state. These were meant to be integrated, embraced and, especially, reproduced on a large scale. Therefore, the discourse focused on national identity – with all its constitutive elements (the state, the language, the history and traditions) – could disseminate a unique hypostasis, shaped under political control, which thus legitimated it. From 1928, the year when the first radio programs were broadcast, until directly after the 1950s, when the recording of the radio programs on magnetic tape was a common professional practice, the only documents that could be considered today are the written texts of the radio programs (conferences, educational or informative programs, political, agricultural news, etc.).
Between 1925, when The Romanian Society of Radiotelephony was established, and 1948, the year when the communist regime officially came into power, Romanian radio programs broadcast discourses on a broad range of topics and for a large audience. The present study focuses on the ethnological one. We are interested in how the ethnological discourse rooted in the aforementioned time period also built a media hypostasis for addressing the entire society, and in how programs dedicated to “traditions” bear the signs of this structuring process.
Magnetic braking method development for dynamic applications
Authors: Kazup Laszlo , Varadine Szarka Angela 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces research on magnetic fields with special attention to developing a new method for braking fast-changing alternating movements. This work is part of a research project aiming to find the most efficient and accurate method for development of linear magnetic brake for dynamic tests in industrial applications. In applications requiring precisely defined and generated characteristics of the braking force, highly reliable and accurate function between the braking force and the controlling current should be investigated.The goal of this research is to develop accurate and reliable control methods for fast changing magnetic fields used in automatic test solutions of different devices and tools, which have been tested manually before.
MANFAAT HASIL BELAJAR MAKANAN ORIENTAL PADA KESIAPAN WIRAUSAHA MAKANAN KOREA
Authors: Ristyorini Enggar , Setiawati Tati , Karpin Karpin 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keterkaitan manfaat hasil belajar makanan Oriental pada kesiapan wirausaha makanan Korea. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang bagaimana hasil belajar makanan Oriental pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Tata Boga UPI angkatan 2017, bagaimana kesiapan wirausaha makanan Korea pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Tata Boga UPI angkatan 2017, dan bagaimana manfaat hasil belajar Makanan Oriental pada kesiapan wirausaha makanan Korea dilihat dari aspek kesiapan mental percaya diri, fokus pada sasaran, cara mengatasi resiko, bekerja keras, mencoba berinovasi, kesiapan pengetahuan, dan kesiapan keterampilan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Populasi penelitian yaitu mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Boga Angkatan 2017 sebanyak 44 orang dengan menggunakan metode sensus. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes dan angket tertutup. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: 1) hasil belajar makanan Oriental pada mahasiswa program studi pendidikan Tata Boga angkatan 2017 dengan batasan pada materi makanan Korea berada pada kategori baik, 2) kesiapan wirausaha makanan Korea pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Tata Boga UPI angkatan 2017 berada pada kategori sangat siap, 3) hasil belajar dari setiap indikator yang dipelajari pada materi makanan Korea menunjukkan pola positif terhadap kesiapan wirausaha makanan Korea, yang menandakan bahwa hasil belajar makanan Oriental mempengaruhi kesiapan wirausaha makanan Korea. Kata Kunci: makanan Oriental, kesiapan wirausaha , makanan Korea
Decay of Entanglement of Correlated Qubits Through Bosonic Fields
Authors: Türkpençe Deniz 
Published: March 2021

Distribution of entangled parties with the longest time possible is of importance to quantum communication. Therefore, analyzing the decay character of entanglement of correlated qubits in the presence of reservoir effects is of significance to the quantum-based technologies. This study covers the analysis of the temporal entanglement decay of two maximally entangled qubits against different reservoir types and system parameters. It is shown how varying the coupling type of the system to the environment affects the lifetime of entanglement. In the presence of quantum interaction between entangled qubits, it is possible to enlarge the entanglement lifetime depending on the initialization of entanglement. Model parameters used in the numerical calculations and the results are general enough to be applied in any specific quantum-based experimental task.
Penegakan Hukum dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Suporter Sepakbola di Kabupaten Bantu
Authors: Saputra Ridwan Tio 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh tindak pidana penganiayaan suporter sepakbola yang terjadi di Kabupaten Bantul. Tindak pidana penganiayaan terhadap suporter sendiri terjadi akibat dari terlalu fanatiknya suporter dalam mendukung tim kebanggaannya. Salah satu contoh adalah penganiayaan yang terjadi di Kabupaten Bantul tepatnya di Stadion Sultan Agung Bantul dala, pertandingan antara PSIM Yogyakarta VS PSS Sleman pada tanggal 26 Juli 2018. Penelitian ini akan dijelaskan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif empiris dengan sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari penelitian lapangan berupa wawancara dan kuisioner, sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari kepustakaan, jurnal, skripsi, buku dan internet. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penganiayaan suporter di Kabupaten Bantul pada kasus ini melanggar pasal 80 ayat (3) jo pasal 76C Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Ketiga terdakwa dikenakan sanksi pidana penjara masing-masing terdakwa I (Wahyu Timur Pribadi) dan terdakwa II (Lutfan Gian Firdaus) selama 3 (tahun) dan terdakwa III (Hawinta Akhsani Taqwim) selama 4 (empat) tahun dengan denda Rp. 100.000,000. (seratus juta rupiah).
DR. JOSÉ LUIS ARREDONDO GARCÍA (Semblanza)
Authors: Sánchez Márquez Pedro 
Published: March 2021

Con estas palabras de Gabriel García Márquez inicio la semblanza de mi amigo y compañero José Luis Arredondo García deseando tener la vehemencia de poder transmitirles algunos de los aspectos más importantes que lo distinguieron en vida.Conocí a José Luis en enero de 1973 cuando iniciamos el Curso Propedéutico para la residencia de Pediatría Médica en el actual Instituto Nacional de Pediatría y, desde entonces, establecimos una relación tanto formativa como familiar, él entonces ya casado con Erika, compañera de toda su vida y con dos pequeñas hijas. Desde entonces demostró capacidad de observación con actitud serena, reflexiva no provocativa, cualidades que le proporcionaron alta estima entre sus compañeros de generación y que fueron, entre otros, motivos para ser nombrado Jefe de Residentes al concluir la especialidad de Pediatría.
Evaluation of Retinal Blood Flow in Glaucoma Patients Pre and Post Treatment using OCT angiography
Authors: H Riad , L Liu 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: To evaluate retinal blood flow changes in glaucoma after intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering and to determine whether a correlation exists with retinal capillaries blood flow with IOP changes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)
Materials and Methods: OCTA images were collected from 24 glaucomatous eyes for the macula and 21 eyes for the optic disc in a prospective, cross-sectional observational study. Microvascular changes were analysed at two retinal layers: deep vascular plexus (DVP) and the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) as well as choriocapillaries (CC), were compared pre and six weeks post intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering treatment.
Results: Retinal blood flow across the macula showed no statistical significance at: SVP (z-score = -0.887), DVP (z-score = -1.093) and CC (z-score = -1.423). Further, no statistically significant difference in retinal blood flow was observed across the disc: SVP (z-score = -0.918), DVP (z-score = -1.057) and CC (z-score = -0.295). While the IOP showed improvement (z-score = -5.049), visual acuity deteriorated (z-score= 1.686)
Conclusion: No statistical difference was found in the data for all layers of both the areas surrounding the disc and macula at 6 weeks. OCTA can detect microstructural defects and future longitudinal studies may provide further insight into effects of IOP lowering treatment on retinal blood flow in glaucoma patients in longer term.