bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge discovery in research on policing strategies: an overview of the past fifty years
Authors: Basilio Marcio Pereira , Pereira Valdecy , Oliveira Max William Coelho Moreira de 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The insecurity generated, today in various parts of the planet, by the various conflicts that arise in the violence in large cities, has motivated the academy to research the solutions and strategies adopted by local governments in the fight against crime. The volume of data generated by several universities over the past 50 years has increased exponentially. Consequently, researchers struggle to process essential data in today’s competitive world. The aim of this study is to explore and provide an overview of the studies carried out in the field of action to combat crime in different countries.

Design/methodology/approach
The Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched for publications from January 1945 to September 3, 2020 on the topic of policing strategies in titles, abstracts and keywords. References were analyzed using the R bibliometrix package, and abstracts were analyzed using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) with collapsed Gibbs sampling for topics related to policing and related subjects.

Findings
As a result of the research, this paper can assert that in the last 50 years, 3,361 authors have produced 2,085 documents on the theme of policing strategy and related subjects in 58 countries. Scientific production in this area grows at a rate of 5.10 per year. The USA is the leading country in publications with 42.58%, followed by the UK with 8.39% and Canada with 4.07%. As for journals, the highlight is Policing, Policing and Society and Police Quarterly, which account for more than 15.44% of all indexed literature. Regarding the authors, the highlight is Weisburd and Braga. As a result, the LDA grouped the latent words in the articles analyzed by themes studied and presented the list of articles by themes. The thematic map identifies the following themes as basic research subjects: community policing, problem-oriented policing, predictive policing, fear of crime and social control.

Practical implications
As the main implication between the combination of the bibliometric analysis method with the probabilistic topic modelling, is the emergence of a primordial step in the systematic literature review process, as this method allows to explore and group a large volume of data. Another practical implication that is intended is to provide the beginning researcher or any other reader with a panoramic view of the main authors who study the themes that impact police activity in any city in the world, which are the countries and reference centers of the study on the subject and, finally, the evolution of the main themes researched in the police area.

Originality/value
The value of these studies is summarized in the presentation of an overview on the theme in the last 50 years, offering the opportunity for other researchers to use this research as a starting point for other analyses.
Explaining presidential instability in Latin America: evidence from Brazil, Argentina and Ecuador
Authors: Abofarha Elsayed Ali , Nasreldein Ramez Ibrahim 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study attempts to figure out the factors that contributed to deposing certain elected presidents before the end of their constitutional terms, alongside tracing the new political context that prevailed in Latin America since 1978 and its impact on direct political participation and military behavior during presidential crises.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the comparative method to investigate the causes of presidential instability in three case studies.FindingsThe likelihood of presidential instability increases when a president enacts austerity economic policies that marginalize large sectors of the citizenry, becomes implicated in acts of corruption and develops a hostile relationship with members of the ruling coalition.Originality/valueThis study integrates the social movement theory with analytical perspectives from parliamentary behavior to explain presidential instability. It attempts to investigate the dynamics of interaction between the acts of furious citizens and disloyal legislators through the in-depth analysis of three case studies.
Gamification through fantasy sports – Empirical findings from professional sport leagues
Authors: Buser Markus , Woratschek Herbert , Ridpath B. David 
Published: August 2021

PurposeIn this paper, Fantasy Sports (Hereafter FS) is conceptually classified as a concept of gamification for professional sport leagues. From a sporting perspective, FS is often criticized because such online activities may be at the expense of physical activities. Otherwise, gamification can ultimately lead to economic advantages for sport leagues. To further empirically analyse this supposed juxtaposition, an empirical study is presented.Design/methodology/approachIn the empirical study, participation and non-participation in a sport league-related FS league are analysed and the study uses a divided sample (N = 319) for a one-factor Welch-ANOVA. FS effects on sport practice (engaging in doing sport) and usage (engaging with sport) of FS players as well as on gaining and retaining fans are investigated.FindingsResults demonstrate that participating in gamified FS experiences increases sport usage while not harming general sport practice. Furthermore, FS participation increases consumption capital as well as sport fans' loyalty and word of mouth (WOM) towards the league brand. Building on the results, league brands should foster gamified FS applications to retain their fan base and acquire new fans.Originality/valueThe authors’ theoretical contribution indicates the importance of FS as a gamified application and essential marketing tool for professional sport leagues. By introducing the terms sport practice and usage, the authors bridge the traditional logic of sport consumption with innovative approaches around engagement in and with sports. The results refute the prejudice that FS leads to less physical activity due to time substitution or displacement.
A numerical technique and effect of magnetic field dependent (MFD) viscosity on thermal instability in a ferrofluid pores with Coriolis force for Darcy model
Authors: Murugan D. , Sekar R. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The effect of magnetic field dependent (MFD) viscosity on the onset of convection in a ferromagnetic fluid layer heated from below saturating rotating porous medium in the presence of vertical magnetic field is investigated theoretically by using Darcy model. The resulting eigen value problem is solved using the regular perturbation technique. Both stationary and oscillatory instabilities have been obtained. It is found that increase in MFD viscosity and increase in magnetic Rayleigh number is to delay the onset of ferroconvection, while the nonlinearity of fluid magnetization has no influence on the stability of the system.

Design/methodology/approach
The thermal perturbation method is employed for analytical solution. A theory of linear stability analysis and normal mode technique have been carried out to analyze the onset of convection for a fluid layer contained between two impermeable boundaries for which an exact solution is obtained.

Findings
The conditions for the system to stabilize both by stationary and oscillatory modes are studied. Even for the oscillatory system of particular frequency dictated by physical conditions, the critical Rayleigh numbers for oscillatory mode of the system were found to be greater than for the stationary mode. The system gets destabilized for various physical parameters only through stationary mode. Hence, the analysis is restricted to the stationary mode. To the Coriolis force, the Taylor number Ta is calculated to discuss the results. It is found that the system stabilizes through stationary mode for values of and for oscillatory instability is favored for Ta > 104. Therefore the Taylor number Ta leads to stability of the system. For larger rotation, magnetization leads to destabilization of the system. The MFD viscosity is found to stabilize the system.

Originality/value
This research paper is new and original.
Authentication of berries and berry‐based food products
Authors: Salo Heikki M. , Nguyen Nga , Alakärppä Emmi , Klavins Linards , Hykkerud Anne Linn , Karppinen Katja , Jaakola Laura , Klavins Maris , Häggman Hely 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBerries represent one of the most important and high‐valued group of modern‐day health‐beneficial “superfoods” whose dietary consumption has been recognized to be beneficial for human health for a long time. In addition to being delicious, berries are rich in nutrients, vitamins, and several bioactive compounds, including carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and hydrolysable tannins. However, due to their high value, berries and berry‐based products are often subject to fraudulent adulteration, commonly for economical gain, but also unintentionally due to misidentification of species. Deliberate adulteration often comprises the substitution of high‐value berries with lower value counterparts and mislabeling of product contents. As adulteration is deceptive toward customers and presents a risk for public health, food authentication through different methods is applied as a countermeasure. Although many authentication methods have been developed in terms of fast, sensitive, reliable, and low‐cost analysis and have been applied in the authentication of a myriad of food products and species, their application on berries and berry‐based products is still limited. The present review provides an overview of the development and application of analytical chemistry methods, such as isotope ratio analysis, liquid and gas chromatography, spectroscopy, as well as DNA‐based methods and electronic sensors, for the authentication of berries and berry‐based food products. We provide an overview of the earlier use and recent advances of these methods, as well as discuss the advances and drawbacks related to their application.
Bombyx mori U‐shaped regulates the melanization cascade and immune response via binding with the Lozenge protein
Authors: Zhang Kui , Tan Juan , Hao Xiangwei , Tang Houyi , Abbas Muhammad Nadeem , Su Jingjing , Su Yongyue , Cui Hongjuan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractZinc finger protein, an important transcription factor, regulates gene expression associated with various physiological and pathological processes. U‐shaped, belong to the Friend of GATA (FOG) transcription factor, plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis by interacting with the GATA transcription factor as a co‐factor. However, little is known about its functions in insects. In the present study, a U‐shaped cDNA was identified and characterized from the silkworm Bombyx mori and its potential roles in innate immunity investigated. The predicted silkworm U‐shaped amino acid sequence contained a classical nuclear localization signal (NLS) motif “GESSPKRRRR” at position 450–459, and arginine residues at position 456 and 478 are the critical sites of the NLS. U‐shaped mRNA was detected in all tested tissues of the B. mori; however, the highest levels were found in the hemocytes. U‐shaped mRNA expression levels were upregulated in the hemocyte after the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus challenge. Furthermore, U‐shaped knockdown significantly reduced the melanization process and suppressed the expression of melanization‐associated genes, including PPO1, PPO2, PPAE and BAEE. In addition, U‐shaped interacts with Lozenge protein to regulate the innate immune response of the insect. Our results revealed that U‐shaped binds directly to Lozenge protein to modulate the melanization process and innate immune responses in silkworm.
The scientific basis and future of lipoprotein apheresis
Authors: Thompson Gilbert R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLipoprotein apheresis plays a vital role in the management of the severe hyperlipidemias that predispose to atherosclerosis. Determinants of efficacy are the acute reduction in lipoproteins achieved by each apheresis procedure, their frequency, and the fractional catabolic rates and hence pool sizes of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) or lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) of the patient being treated. A useful criterion of the efficacy of apheresis plus lipid‐lowering drug therapy is the decrease in the interval (time‐averaged) mean of serum total or LDL cholesterol or Lp(a) between procedures, expressed as the percent decrease in the interval means below the maximal levels of these lipoproteins when off all treatment. Recent advances in lipid‐lowering drug therapy may diminish the use of lipoprotein apheresis but will not abolish its unique role as a therapeutic “last chance saloon,” especially for children and pregnant women with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
The Accumulating Interest in Water Banks: Assessing Their Role in Mitigating Water Insecurities
Authors: Carney Clint P. , Endter‐Wada Joanna , Welsh Lisa W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractReallocation is often promoted as a response to water security dilemmas in the western United States. Water banking is a form of reallocation utilized in several states to facilitate temporary water rights transfers. This article frames and examines water banking’s potential influences on water security from a hydro‐social perspective through a case analysis of water banking policy in Utah. It analyzes the challenges of integrating the market‐based economic incentives of water banks with the legal precedents of the prior appropriation doctrine to reallocate water in overappropriated basins with hydrologically interdependent uses. Key‐informant interviews and focus groups were used to examine water security’s meaning to stakeholders and analyze how water banking could affect the water security of disparate users and uses at multiple scales. Stakeholders predominately saw water security as assurance in water quantity, but water security was further equated by participants with the legal protections afforded by water rights. Multiple complexities in water bank implementation are to be expected when multiscalar contexts are considered, including societal and hydrologic tradeoffs in settings with diverse and interconnected interests. Our research shows that examining the potential ramifications of water banking policy through stakeholder perspectives can reveal nuanced insights on individual and collective water security issues not only within Utah but other arid regions in general.
A laboratory for conceiving Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs)—The ‘Data pool initiative for the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem’
Authors: Latifi Hooman , Holzwarth Stefanie , Skidmore Andrew , Brůna Josef , Červenka Jaroslav , Darvishzadeh Roshanak , Hais Martin , Heiden Uta , Homolová Lucie , Krzystek Peter , Schneider Thomas , Starý Martin , Wang Tiejun , Müller Jörg , Heurich Marco 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Effects of climate change‐induced events on forest ecosystem dynamics of composition, function and structure call for increased long‐term, interdisciplinary and integrated research on biodiversity indicators, in particular within strictly protected areas with extensive non‐intervention zones. The long‐established concept of forest supersites generally relies on long‐term funds from national agencies and goes beyond the logistic and financial capabilities of state‐ or region‐wide protected area administrations, universities and research institutes.

We introduce the concept of data pools as a smaller‐scale, user‐driven and reasonable alternative to co‐develop remote sensing and forest ecosystem science to validated products, biodiversity indicators and management plans. We demonstrate this concept with the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem Data Pool, which has been established as an interdisciplinary, international data pool within the strictly protected Bavarian Forest and Šumava National Parks and currently comprises 10 active partners. We demonstrate how the structure and impact of the data pool differs from comparable cases.

We assessed the international influence and visibility of the data pool with the help of a systematic literature search and a brief analysis of the results. Results primarily suggest an increase in the impact and visibility of published material during the life span of the data pool, with highest visibilities achieved by research conducted on leaf traits, vegetation phenology and 3D‐based forest inventory.

We conclude that the data pool results in an efficient contribution to the concept of global biodiversity observatory by evolving towards a training platform, functioning as a pool of data and algorithms, directly communicating with management for implementation and providing test fields for feasibility studies on earth observation missions.
Cognitive style and drinking to cope: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Corcoran Emma , Lewis Gemma , Heron Jon , Hickman Matthew , Lewis Glyn 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsHaving a negative cognitive style may lead someone to feel hopeless about his or her situation and be more likely to engage in coping‐motivated drinking. We, therefore, aimed to investigate the association between cognitive style and drinking to cope.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe former Avon Health Authority in South West England.ParticipantsA total of 1681 participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.MeasurementsParticipants completed cognitive style questions at age 17 and a subset of drinking to cope questions at age 24. We used linear regression to test the association between cognitive style and drinking to cope, controlling for confounders. Alcohol consumption and dependence scales were included in a secondary analysis.FindingsA 20‐point increase (that was the standard deviation of the exposure variable) in cognitive style score at age 17 was associated with an increase of 0.24 in drinking to cope scores at age 24 after adjustment for confounding variables (95% CI) = 0.08–0.41, P = 0.003). We found no evidence of an association between cognitive style and alcohol consumption (coefficient = 0.03, 95% CI = −0.08–0.14, P = 0.591) before or after adjustment. There was evidence for an association with alcohol dependence, but this was not present after adjusting for confounders (coefficient = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.04–0.05, P = 0.769).ConclusionsIn young adults in England, there appears to be a positive association between negative cognitive style and subsequent drinking to cope.
Health and Public Health Implications of COVID‐19 in Asian Countries
Authors: Miyawaki Atsushi , Tsugawa Yusuke 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on population health in Asian countries. Compared to European countries, Asian countries, in general, experienced much fewer COVID‐19 cases and deaths. The underlying factors in this difference would include the earlier and more stringent nonpharmaceutical interventions, differences in the age structure, the geographical characteristics in Asia, and the experience of past outbreaks of emerging diseases, though further studies are needed to investigate the exact mechanisms. Still, regarding the aim of developing resilient health care systems, there remain several lessons from the COVID‐19 pandemic experience in Asian countries that could inform more effective management of future pandemics.
Is it more difficult to replace the volunteer directors of non‐profit organizations that have recourse to public funds? Evidence from France
Authors: Prouteau Lionel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMany non‐profit organizations experience difficulties in replacing the members of their boards of volunteer directors. And yet, despite the rich literature on the governance of these organizations, such difficulties have been investigated only to a very limited extent. The present article seeks to ascertain whether there is a correlation between these difficulties and the share of public funds in the resources of French non‐profit organizations. To that end, this study draws on a database derived from a survey of these organizations that remains without precedent in France. The investigation reveals a positive correlation between the expression of that difficulty in replacing directors and the extent to which organizations’ financial resources are dependent on public funds. However, this correlation is confined to certain fields of activity, notably the social and charitable field. Moreover, it is not linear. It generally tends to stabilize beyond a 25% threshold of dependency on public financing.
Editorial: volatile organic compound analysis to improve faecal immunochemical testing in the detection of colorectal cancer—Authors' reply
Authors: Chandrapalan Subashini , Bosch Sofie , Tyagi Heena , Daulton Emma , Cubiella Joaquín , Guardiola Jordi , Kimani Peter , Mulder Chris , Covington James , Persaud Krishna , de Meij Tim G. J. , Altomare Donato F. , Brenner Herman , de Boer Nanne K. H. , Ricciardiello Luigi , Arasaradnam Ramesh P. 
Published: July 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Chandrapalan et al and Hanna & Cross papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16405 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16471
Editorial: topiramate for cyclic vomiting syndrome—for refractory patients only? Authors' reply
Authors: Mooers Harrison , Srivastava Sonali , Venkatesan Thangam 
Published: July 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Mooers et al and Rangan & Lembo papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16457andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16493
Phase II study of azacitidine with pembrolizumab in patients with intermediate‐1 or higher‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Chien Kelly S. , Kim Kunhwa , Nogueras‐Gonzalez Graciela M. , Borthakur Gautam , Naqvi Kiran , Daver Naval G. , Montalban‐Bravo Guillermo , Cortes Jorge E. , DiNardo Courtney D. , Jabbour Elias , Alvarado Yesid , Andreeff Michael , Bose Prithviraj , Jain Nitin , Kadia Tapan M. , Huang Xuelin , Sheppard Kimberly B. , Klingner‐Winton Cheri , Pierce Sherry A. , Dong Xiao Qin , Soltysiak Kelly A. , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo 
Published: August 2021

SummaryProgrammed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) and PD‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression is upregulated in cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34)+ bone marrow cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Hypomethylating agent (HMA) treatment results in further increased expression of these immune checkpoints. We hypothesised that combining an anti‐PD‐1 antibody with HMAs may have efficacy in patients with MDS. To test this concept, we designed a phase II trial of the combination of azacitidine and pembrolizumab with two cohorts. In the 17 previously untreated patients, the overall response rate (ORR) was 76%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 18% and median overall survival (mOS) not reached after a median follow‐up of 12·8 months. For the HMA‐failure cohort (n = 20), the ORR was 25% and CR rate was 5%; with a median follow‐up of 6·0 months, the mOS was 5·8 months. The most observed toxicities were pneumonia (32%), arthralgias (24%) and constipation (24%). Immune‐related adverse events requiring corticosteroids were required in 43%. Overall, this phase II trial suggests that azacitidine and pembrolizumab is safe with manageable toxicities in patients with higher‐risk MDS. This combined therapy may have anti‐tumour activity in a subset of patients and merits further studies in the front‐line setting.