bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Carnation SHD-27531-4
Authors: Andreassen Åshild , Sipinen Ville Erling , Finne Merethe Aasmo , Brandtzaeg Per , Dahl Knut Helkås , Dalen Knut Tomas , Junttila Olavi , Meadow Richard , Måren Inger Elisabeth , Nielsen Kåre M. , Sanden Monica , Vikse Rose , Opsahl-Sorteberg Hilde-Gunn 
Published: August 2021

Carnation SHD-27531-4 is a genetically modified variety of Dianthus caryophyllus L. used as a decorative plant species. The red-purple colour of the flowers results from expression of the two newly introduced genes dfr and f 3’5’h, encoding the enzymes dihydroflavonol 4reductase (DFR) and flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxylase (F3’5’H). The two enzymes enable the production of the pigments delphinidin and cyanidin (anthocyanidins) in the flower petals. Anthocyanidins and their sugar derivatives, anthocyanins, make up a large group of natural colours and are accepted food additives (E 163). The colours of most flowers, berries and fruits consist of a combination of anthocyanidins and anthocyanins.
Carnation line SHD-27531-4 also contains a mutated herbicide tolerance gene from Nicotiana tabacum , coding for an acetolactate synthase (ALS) variant protein, used to facilitate the selection of GM plantlets during the genetic transformation process. Southern blot analysis and sequencing indicate only a single copy of the intended T-DNA insert in the SHD-27531-4 genome. Flanking sequences show no disruption of endogenous genes. In silico analyses show no significant homologies between the DFR, F3’5’H an ALS proteins and known toxins and IgE-bound allergens. No observed changes in the introduced trait, i.e. the particular flower colour, indicative of instability, have been reported during several generations of vegetatively propagated plants.

Considering that carnation SHD-27531-4 is not intended for cultivation or use as food or feed, the VKM GMO Panel considers the comparative analysis of the anthocyanidins delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin and pelargonidin in the flower petals sufficient for the risk assessment. The reported morphological differences between SHD-27531-4 and the parent cultivar do not raise safety concerns.

Based on current knowledge and the scope of the application, the VKM GMO Panel concludes that the DFR, F3’5’H and ALS proteins and anthocyanidin pigments are unlikely to increase a potential health risk related to an accidental intake or other exposure routes to carnation SHD-27531-4 compared to the conventional counterpart or other non-GM carnations.

Likewise, the VKM GMO Panel concludes that carnation SHD-27531-4, based on current knowledge and the intended use as cut ornamental flowers, does not represent an environmental risk in Norway.
Study of Clinical Profile of Carcinoma Breast and Prognostic Significance of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase as Tumor Marker in Carcinoma Breast
Authors: Malhotra Geetika , Wagh D. D. , Yeola Meenakshi 
Published: August 2021

Background: Breast cancer is the highly prevalent malignancy and is a major killer in women around world. In India, there is substantial statistically significant increase in breast cancer incidence patterns. Women from under developed areas(883000 cases) have a significantly higher no. of cases than those from developed areas (794,000) [1]. There are various risk factors associated with breast malignancy. A variety of bio-chemical markers have been tested to determine the malignancy, for the early detection of carcinoma of different origin. LDH is the easiest and cheapest to calculate of all of these indicators.
Objectives:

To study the clinical profile of patient with breast
To study the prognostic significance of LDH as tumor marker in breast
To compare post-operative LDH level in patient undergoing surgery for carcinoma breast v/s patient undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Compare variation in preoperative baselines LDH levels and post-operative LDH levels.

Methodology: It is a prospective observational study done on patients with breast cancer. It will be conducted at Dept. of General Surgery , J.N.M.C and AVBRH, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha. The study will be conducted on patients with Carcinoma Breast.
Results: To be assessed after the study.
Conclusion: Serum LDH is a good prognostic marker of breast cancer.
Immediate Dentin Sealing For Indirect Esthetic Restorations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alghulikah Khaled , Kahtani Reem Mohammed Al , Rasayn Sara Abdullah Al , Alawad Sara Khalid 
Published: August 2021

Background: The progress in the field of dental adhesion has shown great implications for restorative dentistry. Immediate dentin sealing is a technique that was introduced to improve the bonding of indirect restorations. The improvement of bonding techniques to both enamel and dentin promotes the practice of conservative dental treatment.Hencethe purpose of the current study was to search for the best available evidence concerning the clinical outcomes of immediate dentin sealing.
Methodology: An extensive search was performed using different online databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Cochrane library). These search engines were searched for relevant articles by developing relevant search strategies. Three independent authors reviewed studies, collected data, and assessed risk of bias.
Results: After reviewing 221 studies, duplicates were removed and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Finally, three clinical studies were accepted in this review.
Conclusions: Previous in vitro studies have shown improved outcomes, although there was no strong evidence in clinical studies to prove superiority of this clinical approach.
Analysis of Indian Food Based on Machine learning Classification Models
Authors: Nayak Sasmita Kumari , Beura Mamata , Siddique Mohammed , Mishra Siba Prasad 
Published: August 2021

For human life, Food is highly necessary and essential for human to live the life. The objective of the current study is to characterise, classify and compare the food consumption patterns of many Indian food diets such as non-vegetarian and vegetarian. Given data about different Indian dishes, we try to predict here the dish is vegetarian or not. To get the best predictive model, this study is conducted with the comparison of Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest algorithms. In this study, the concept and implementation of all these four models be made for prediction of Indian food. For training and testing the models, Indian food dataset is used that contains, in total 255 records to fit with all these four models. In short, the classification and prediction of Decision tree and KNN model provides less performance than the other models used here. However, the Random Forest model was generally more accurate than SVM, KNN and Decision Tree model, which have got from the simulation.
Lipocalin 2 promotes inflammatory breast cancer tumorigenesis and skin invasion
Authors: Villodre Emilly S. , Hu Xiaoding , Larson Richard , Finetti Pascal , Gomez Kristen , Balema Wintana , Stecklein Shane R. , Santiago‐Sanchez Ginette , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Song Juhee , Su Xiaoping , Ueno Naoto T. , Tripathy Debu , Van Laere Steven , Bertucci François , Vivas‐Mejía Pablo , Woodward Wendy A. , Debeb Bisrat G. 
Published: August 2021

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive form of primary breast cancer characterized by rapid onset and high risk of metastasis and poor clinical outcomes. The biological basis for the aggressiveness of IBC is still not well understood and no IBC‐specific targeted therapies exist. In this study, we report that lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a small secreted glycoprotein belonging to the lipocalin superfamily, is expressed at significantly higher levels in IBC vs non‐IBC tumors, independently of molecular subtype. LCN2 levels were also significantly higher in IBC cell lines and in their culture media than in non‐IBC cell lines. High expression was associated with poor‐prognosis features and shorter overall survival in IBC patients. Depletion of LCN2 in IBC cell lines reduced colony formation, migration, and cancer stem cell populations in vitro and inhibited tumor growth, skin invasion, and brain metastasis in mouse models of IBC. Analysis of our proteomics data showed reduced expression of proteins involved in cell cycle and DNA repair in LCN2‐silenced IBC cells. Our findings support that LCN2 promotes IBC tumor aggressiveness and offer a new potential therapeutic target for IBC.
Medical Physics Practice Guideline (MPPG) 11.a: Plan and chart review in external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy
Authors: Xia Ping , Sintay Benjamin J. , Colussi Valdir C. , Chuang Cynthia , Lo Yeh‐Chi , Schofield Deborah , Wells Michelle , Zhou Sumin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA therapeutic medical physicist is responsible for reviewing radiation therapy treatment plans and patient charts, including initial treatment plans and new chart review, on treatment chart (weekly) review, and end of treatment chart review for both external beam radiation and brachytherapy. Task group report TG 275 examined this topic using a risk‐based approach to provide a thorough analysis and guidance for best practice. Considering differences in resources and workflows of various clinical practice settings, the Professional Council of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine assembled this task group to develop a practice guideline on the same topic to provide a minimum standard that balances an appropriate level of safety and resource utilization. This medical physics practice guidelines (MPPG) thus provides a concise set of recommendations for medical physicists and other clinical staff regarding the review of treatment plans and patient charts while providing specific recommendations about who to be involved, and when/what to check in the chart review process. The recommendations, particularly those related to the initial plan review process, are critical for preventing errors and ensuring smooth clinical workflow. We believe that an effective review process for high‐risk items should include multiple layers with collective efforts across the department. Therefore, in this report, we make specific recommendations for various roles beyond medical physicists. The recommendations of this MPPG have been reviewed and endorsed by the American Society of Radiologic Technologists and the American Association of Medical Dosimetrists.
Applications of machine and deep learning to patient‐specific IMRT/VMAT quality assurance
Authors: Osman Alexander F. I. , Maalej Nabil M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn order to deliver accurate and safe treatment to cancer patients in radiation therapy using advanced techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric‐arc radiation therapy (VMAT), patient specific quality assurance (QA) should be performed before treatment. IMRT/VMAT dose measurements in a phantom using various devices have been clinically adopted as standard method for QA. This approach allows the verification of the accuracy of the dose calculation, data transfer, and the delivery system. However, patient‐specific QA procedures are expensive and require significant time and effort by the physicists. Over the past 5 years, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms for predictions of IMRT/VMAT QA outcome have been investigated. Various ML and DL models have shown promising prediction accuracy and a high potential as time‐efficient virtual QA tool. In this paper, we review the ML and DL based models that were developed for patient specific IMRT and VMAT QA outcome predictions from algorithmic and clinical applicability perspectives. We focus on comparing the algorithms, the dataset sizes, the input parameters and features, the QA outcome prediction approaches, the validation, the performance, the clinical applicability, and the potential clinical impact. In addition, we discuss the present challenges as well as the future directions in the implementation of these models. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review on the application of ML and DL based models in IMRT/VMAT QA predictions.
Combining structural and metabolic markers in a quantitative MRI study of motor neuron diseases
Authors: Canna Antonietta , Trojsi Francesca , Di Nardo Federica , Caiazzo Giuseppina , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Cirillo Mario , Esposito Fabrizio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the performance of a combination of three quantitative MRI markers (iron deposition, basal neuronal metabolism, and regional atrophy) for differential diagnosis between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS).MethodsIn total, 33 ALS, 12 PLS, and 28 healthy control (HC) subjects underwent a 3T MRI study including single‐ and multi‐echo sequences for gray matter (GM) volumetry and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and a pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequence for cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement. Mean values of QSM, CBF, and GM volumes were extracted in the motor cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus. A generalized linear model was applied to the three measures to binary discriminate between groups. The diagnostic performances were evaluated via receiver operating characteristic analyses.ResultsA significant discrimination was obtained: between ALS and HCs in the left and right motor cortex, where QSM increases were respectively associated with disability scores and disease duration; between PLS and ALS in the left motor cortex, where PLS patients resulted significantly more atrophic; between ALS and HC in the right motor cortex, where GM volumes were associated with upper motor neuron scores. Significant discrimination between ALS and HC was achieved in subcortical structures only combining all three parameters.InterpretationWhile increased QSM values in the motor cortex of ALS patients is a consolidated finding, combining QSM, CBF, and GM volumetry shows higher diagnostic potential for differentiating ALS patients from HC subjects and, in the motor cortex, between ALS and PLS.
Adaptive robust output feedback control for attitude tracking of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Yang Zi‐Jiang 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThis work proposes a new adaptive robust output feedback control method for attitude reference tracking of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle without using the angular velocity measurements. By using the K‐filters well known in the adaptive control community, the necessity of velocity measurements or estimating is avoided. The attitude system model is transformed into a second‐order model where the angular velocity measurements are not involved. However, the model includes mismatched uncertainties which should be estimated and compensated by the disturbance observers (DOBs). The controller is designed in a backstepping manner, and the dynamic surface technique is adopted to avoid the explosion of the controller complexity. For each Euler angle axis, the prescribed performance control technique is adopted to ensure a prescribed performance, the lumped disturbance is compensated by a DOB, and furthermore an adaptive law is introduced to adaptively update the corresponding uncertain inertia parameter which affects the control performance significantly. The control performance of the overall control system is analyzed rigorously from the viewpoint of input‐to‐state practical stability. In addition, it is shown how the adaptive laws contribute to improving the control performance. And simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
Surface Engineering of Carbon via Coupled Porosity Tuning and Heteroatom‐Doping for High‐Performance Flexible Fibrous Supercapacitors
Authors: Lee Young‐Geun , Lee Jaeyeon , An Geon‐Hyoung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFlexible fibrous supercapacitors (FFS) are considered the next‐generation wearable energy storage devices because they provide reliable safety, eco‐friendliness, and high power density. In particular, the FFS is desirable for application to wearable electronics because it can overcome disadvantages of the lithium‐ion battery (LIB), such as the hazard of explosion and the complex manufacturing process. Nevertheless, the practical application of the FFS continues to be inhibited by the poor energy storage performance due to the limited specific surface area, poor electrical properties, and low wettability of the carbon fiber electrode. Herein, for the first time, the surface engineering of an FFS using nitrogen and fluorine codoped mesoporous carbon fibers (FFS‐NFMCF) is described, and the synergistic effect of porosity tuning and heteroatom codoping upon the electrochemical performance is demonstrated. The resultant supercapacitor shows a high specific capacitance of 243.9 mF cm−2 at a current density of 10.0 µA cm−2 and good ultrafast cycling stability with capacitance retention of 91.3% for up to 10 000 cycles at a current density of 250.0 µA cm−2. More interestingly, the FFS‐NFMCF exhibits good mechanical properties and remarkable safety in practical application, thus demonstrating its feasibility for use in wearable electronic textiles.
Enhancement of Reverse Intersystem Crossing in Charge‐Transfer Molecule through Internal Heavy Atom Effect
Authors: Kim Hyung Suk , Lee Ja Yeon , Shin Seongjun , Jeong Wonkyo , Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Seonghyeon , Lee Jihoon , Suh Min Chul , Yoo Seunghyup 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is beneficial for improving the efficiency of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) by providing pathways to convert non‐emissive triplet excitons into singlet excitons. To ensure TADF is efficient, it is critical to enhance the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) rate. To this end, most approaches propose thus far have focused on reducing the energy difference between S1 and T1 states. The present study explores how incorporating the internal heavy atom (IHA) effect can impact the RISC and device performance. By introducing a series of halogen atoms to charge‐transfer molecules, TADF molecules exhibiting RISC over 7 × 107 s−1 are realized. These molecules are then applied to OLEDs, and the effect of incorporating these moieties is investigated. The results show that efficiency roll‐off is still significant even with RISC‐enhanced TADF emitters. Spectroscopic and theoretical results indicate that a fast RISC may not be the sole factor important for reducing efficiency roll‐off and that the spin‐flip cycles considering both T1→S1 and S1→T1 should be carefully taken into account to derive a complete picture of the IHA effect on efficiency roll‐off behavior.
Efficient Blue Light Emitting Diodes Based On Europium Halide Perovskites
Authors: Luo Jiajun , Yang Longbo , Tan Zhifang , Xie Weiwei , Sun Qi , Li Jinghui , Du Peipei , Xiao Qi , Wang Liang , Zhao Xue , Niu Guangda , Gao Liang , Jin Shengye , Tang Jiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFlat panel displays enjoy 100 billion‐dollar markets with significant penetration in daily life, which require efficient, color‐saturated blue, green, and red light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). The recently emerged halide perovskites have demonstrated low‐cost and outstanding performance for potential LED applications. However, the performance of blue perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) lags far behind red and green cousins, particularly for color coordinates approaching (0.131, 0.046) that fulfill the Rec. 2020 specification for blue emitters. Here, a high‐efficiency, lead‐free perovskite, CsEuBr3, is reported that exhibits bright blue exciton emission centered at 448 nm with a color coordinates of (0.15, 0.04), contributed from Eu‐5d→Eu‐4f/Br‐4p transition with an optical band gap of 2.85 eV. Further optical characterizations reveal its short excited‐state lifetime of 151 ns, excellent exciton diffusion diffusivity of 0.0227 cm2 s−1, and high quantum yield of ≈69%. Inspired by these findings, deep‐blue PeLEDs based on all‐vacuum processing methods, which have been demonstrated as the most successful approach for the organic LED industry, are constructed. The devices show a maximum external quantum efficiency of 6.5% with an operating half‐lifetime of 50 mins at an initial brightness of 15.9 cd m−2. It is anticipated that this work will inspire further research on lanthanide‐based perovskites for next‐generation LED applications.
Electrolyte Design Enabling a High‐Safety and High‐Performance Si Anode with a Tailored Electrode–Electrolyte Interphase
Authors: Cao Zhang , Zheng Xueying , Qu Qunting , Huang Yunhui , Zheng Honghe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSilicon (Si) anodes are advantageous for application in lithium‐ion batteries in terms of their high theoretical capacity (4200 mAh g−1), appropriate operating voltage (<0.4 V vs Li/Li+), and earth‐abundancy. Nevertheless, a large volume change of Si particles emerges with cycling, triggering unceasing breakage/re‐formation of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) and thereby the fast capacity degradation in traditional carbonate‐based electrolytes. Herein, it is demonstrated that superior cyclability of Si anode is achievable using a nonflammable ether‐based electrolyte with fluoroethylene carbonate and lithium oxalyldifluoroborate dual additives. By forming a high‐modulus SEI rich in fluoride (F) and boron (B) species, a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 90.2% is attained in Si/Li cells, accompanied with a low capacity‐fading rate of only 0.0615% per cycle (discharge capacity of 2041.9 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles). Full cells pairing the unmodified Si anode with commercial LiFePO4 (≈13.92 mg cm−2) and LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (≈17.9 mg cm−2) cathodes further show extended service life to 150 and 60 cycles, respectively, demonstrating the superior cathode‐compatibility realized with a thin and F, B‐rich cathode electrolyte interface. This work offers an easily scalable approach in developing high‐performance Si‐based batteries through Si/electrolyte interphase regulation.
Synthesis of Wet‐Chemically Prepared Porous‐Graphene Single Layers on Si/SiO2 Substrate Increasing the Photoluminescence of MoS2 in Heterostructures
Authors: Wang Yiqing , Neumann Christof , Hußmann Marleen , Cao Qing , Hu Yalei , Garrity Oisín , Kusch Patryk , Turchanin Andrey , Eigler Siegfried 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWet‐chemical generation of pores in graphene is a challenging synthetic task. Although graphene oxide is available in large quantities and chemically diverse, extended lattice defects already present from synthesis hamper the controlled growth of pores. However, membrane, energy, or nanoelectronic applications essentially require uniform pores in applications. Here, oxo‐functionalized graphene (oxoG), a type of graphene oxide with a controlled density of vacancy defects, is used as starting material. Pores in graphene are generated from potassium permanganate treated oxoG and heating from room temperature to 400 °C. With etching time, the size of pores increases and pore‐diameters of, for example, 100–200 nm in majority become accessible. The experiments are conducted on the single‐layer level on Si/SiO2 wafers. Flakes remain stable on the µm scale and do not fold. The process leads to rims of pores, which are functionalized by carbonyl groups in addition to hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. In addition, it is found that heterostructures with intrinsically n‐doped MoS2 can be fabricated and photoluminescence (PL) measurements reveal a 10‐fold increased PL. Thus, graphene with pores is a novel highly temperature‐stable electron‐accepting 2D material to be integrated into van der Waals heterostructures.