bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noncontact Laser Photothermal Keratoplasty II: Refractive Effects and Treatment Parameters in Cadaver Eyes
Authors: Simon Gabriel , Ren Qiushi , Parel Jean-Marie 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Noncontact laser photothermal keratoplasty may provide a new alternative for the treatment of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. The purpose of this article is to study the refractive effect that laser photoablation keratoplasty is capable of producing on a normal human cadaver cornea, including the relationship between the keratometric changes and laser treatment parameters.
METHODS: The human cadaver eyes were treated with a hohnium laser (pulsed Ho:YAG, 2.10 µp?, 250 µß) coupled to a maskable, polyprismatic delivery system mounted on either an optical bench or a slit-lamp microscope. Using a topographic videokeratography system, we first investigated the refractive effect that noncontact laser photothermal keratoplasty would produce on a normal cadaver cornea. We then studied the keratometric changes produced by different radiant exposure levels at a fixed treatment pattern, as well as by different treatment patterns at a fixed radiant exposure level. Finally, we studied the possible therapeutic application of laser photothermal keratoplasty for correcting high postoperative astigmatism on a cadaver eye model.
RESULTS: For the single-pulse 3-millimeter ring of eight-spot treatment, the keratometric power of the cornea initially increased with the radiant exposure and peaked at 26 J/cm2. The refractive effect was increased by projecting an additional set of eight spots equidistant between the first eight spots on the same diameter ring. Eighteen J/cm2 was the minimal radiant exposure required to produce consistent and predictable keratometric changes. The corneas were flattened using treatment patterns smaller than or equal to 3 mm in diameter and steepened using treatment patterns larger than or equal to 5 mm in diameter. A transition zone between 4 and 5 mm was observed in which minimal and unpredictable keratometric changes of the central cornea occurred. The surgically-induced astigmatism (> 10.00 D) was corrected by progressive laser photothermal keratoplasty treatments.
CONCLUSIONS: Laser photothermal keratoplasty can acutely steepen and flatten the cornea in human cadaver eyes. [J Refract Corneal Surg. 1994;10:519-528.!
RESUME
INTRODUCTION: La kératoplastie photothermique sans contact nous donnera peut être une alternative pour le traitement de la myopie, de l'hypermétropie, et de l'astigmatisme. Nous avons étudié l'effet réfraetif de ce laser sur Ia cornée cadavérique humaine et le rapport entre les changements kératométriques et les paramètres du laser.
METHODES: Les yeux furent traités par laser holmium (à pulsation Ho:YAG, 2,10 µp?, 250 µß) couplé au système de transmission polyprismatique installé sur un banc optique ou une lampe à fente. En utilisant la vidéokératographie, nous avons évalué l'effet réfractif du laser en variant la lumination radiante et le motif de traitement. On a ensuite étudié la possibilité des corrections dans le cas d'astigmatisme.
Laser in situ Keratomileusis for Correction of High Astigmatism After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Rashad Khaled M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correction of high astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty, and to assess the refractive results and predictability of the procedure.
METHODS; LAStK was performed on 19 patients (19 eyes) with high astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty, using the Chiron Automated Corneal Shaper and the Chiron-Technolas Keracor 116 excimer laser. The amount of preoperative refractive astigmatism ranged from 6.50 to 14.50 D (mean, 9.21 ± 1.95 D) and the spherical component of manifest refraction ranged from -7.00 to +1.25 D (mean, -2.14 ± 2.11 D). AU patients completed a minimum follow-up of 12 months.
RESULTS: Refraction was stable after 3 months. At 1 year after LASDi, the amount of refractive astigmatism was reduced to a mean of 1.09 ± 0.33 D (range, 0.50 to 1.75 D), with 57.9% of the eyes within ±1.00 D of refractive astigmatism. The mean percent reduction of astigmatism was 87.9 ± 3.7%. The postoperative spherical component of manifest refraction ranged from -1.00 to +1.75 D with a mean of +0.43 ± 0.82 D. vector analysis showed that the mean amount of axis deviation was 1.1 ± 1.3° and the mean percent correction of preoperative astigmatism was 92.6 ± 8.4%. There were no intraoperative complications. Spectacle-corrected visual acuity was not reduced in any eye, and improved by 2 or more lines in 42.1% of eyes after LASDi.
CONCLUSION: LASIK with the ChironTechnolas Keracor 116 excimer laser was effective for correction of both astigmatism and myopia after penetrating keratoplasty. The procedure proved to be safe and gave fairly predictable and stable refractive results. [J Refract Surg 2000;16:701-710]
A Comparison of Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas in High Myopia
Authors: Bernardes João , Raimundo Miguel , Lobo Conceição , Murta Joaquim Neto 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE:
To comparatively evaluate the accuracy of newer intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formulas and common third-generation formulas after Wang-Koch adjustment in the prediction of postoperative refraction in highly myopic eyes.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective study including eyes with high myopia that had uncomplicated cataract surgery with implantation of an AcrySof MA60MA IOL (power range: −5.00 to +5.00 diopters [D]) (Alcon Laboratories, Inc). All patients underwent optical biometry (Carl Zeiss IOLMaster 500 and IOLMaster 700, and Allegro Biograph) and the postoperative spherical equivalent for the implanted IOL was estimated using SRK/T, Holladay 1 (both Wang-Koch adjusted), Haigis, Barrett Universal II, Kane, Ladas, and Hill-RBF v2.0 formulas. Outcomes included the median absolute prediction error (MedAE) and the proportion of eyes within ±0.25, ±0.50, and ±1.00 D of the preoperative prediction.

RESULTS:

Eighty-two eyes with a mean axial length of 30.89 ± 1.85 mm were included. The MedAE in ascending order was Hill-RBF v2.0 0.31 D, Kane 0.33 D, Barrett 0.36 D, Holladay I
wk
0.37 D, SRK/T
wk
0.37 D, Holladay I
wk
0.43 D, Haigis
ULIB
0.54 D, and Ladas 0.61 D. The formula with the lowest MedAE (Hill-RBF v2.0) yielded a prediction error within ±0.25, ±0.50, and ±1.00 D in 43.1%, 70.6%, and 94.1% of cases, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Recent formulas such as Barrett Universal II, Kane, and Hill-RBF v2.0 and Wang-Koch adjusted formulas perform well in this subset of patients with high myopia. The Hill-RBF v2.0 formula had the lowest MedAE and highest proportion of eyes within ±0.25, ±0.50, and ±1.00 D of the predicted target.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(3):207–211.]
Accuracy of New Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas: A Lens Thickness Study
Authors: Taroni Leonardo , Hoffer Kenneth J. , Lupardi Enrico , Barboni Piero , Savini Giacomo 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE:
To investigate whether using lens thickness measurement as an optional input improves the refractive accuracy of four new generation formulas.

METHODS:
Consecutive patients scheduled for cataract surgery were enrolled. Preoperative biometry was performed with an OA-2000 optical biometer (Tomey). All patients received the same monofocal intraocular lens (AcrySof SN-60WF; Alcon Laboratories, Inc). The Barrett Universal II (BUII), Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO), Kane, and Radial Basis Function (RBF) formulas were analyzed with and without the inclusion of lens thickness as an input. Postoperative refraction was measured at 1 month. The mean prediction error (PE), the median absolute error (MedAE), and the percentage of eyes with a PE within ±1.00 diopters (D) or less were calculated after constant optimization.

RESULTS:

The final analysis was performed on 169 eyes of 169 patients. Comparison of the mean PE, MedAE, and the percentage of eyes with a PE within ±0.25, ±0.50, ±0.75, and ±1.00 D resulting from each formula with and without lens thickness did not reveal any statistically significant difference. Cochran's Q test showed a statistically significant difference among formulas in the percentage of eyes with a PE of less than ±0.50 D (
P
= .042). However, Dunn's post-hoc test did not show any statistically significant difference between any pair of formulas.

CONCLUSIONS:
Lens thickness measurement did not improve the accuracy of the BUII, EVO, Kane, or RBF formulas. The RBF formula yielded the same results with and without lens thickness, thus making this input useless.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(3):202–206.]
Assessing Total Keratometry Astigmatism, Simulated Keratometry, and Total Corneal Topographic Astigmatism Against Manifest Refractive Cylinder
Authors: Alpins Noel , Ong James K. Y. , Stamatelatos George 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE:
To evaluate how the Total Keratometry astigmatism measure from a swept-source optical biometer compares with simulated keratometry astigmatism from the same device, and total corneal topographic astigmatism (CorT Total) derived from a Scheimpflug tomographer.

METHODS:

For normal virgin eyes, the ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) magnitudes were determined based on Total Keratometry, simulated keratometry from the same optical biometer (SimK
biom
), and CorT Total and simulated keratometry (SimK
Scheim
) from a Scheimpflug tomographer. The ORA magnitudes for each type of measure were summarized into the standard deviations (ORAsd) and means (ORAmean). The lower the ORAsd, the less variability there is between corneal astigmatism and manifest refractive cylinder. The ORAmean indicates the amount of vectorial difference between the total corneal astigmatism and manifest refractive cylinder.

RESULTS:

The ORAsd for Total Keratometry was not significantly different from the ORAsd for CorT Total (
P
= .06) or SimK
biom
(
P
= .41). The ORAmean for Total Keratometry was not significantly different from the ORAmean for CorT Total (
P
= .15), but was significantly lower than the ORAmean for SimK
biom
(
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Total Keratometry astigmatism correlates as well with manifest refractive cylinder as simulated keratometry astigmatism from the same device and CorT Total from a Scheimpflug tomographer. The average difference (as quantified by the ORAmean) between Total Keratometry astigmatism and manifest refractive cylinder was comparable to that of CorT Total, and less than that of simulated keratometry. Both of these results support the use of Total Keratometry over simulated keratometry in the planning of astigmatism surgery when corneal values are required.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(3):198–201.]
Isolated Neurofibroma of the Orbit
Authors: Rocca Robert C Della , Roen Janet , Labay Gerard R , Bedrossian Edward 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In a 66-year-old woman, a large solitary neurofibroma arising in the right infraorbital nerve extended into the maxillary antrum and the orbit. Following extirpation of this rare tumor, bony defects of the right orbital floor and inferior orbital rim were repaired with a biplanar supramid implant.
Surgical Corneal Light Occluder Made of Black HEMA
Authors: Nevyas Herbert J , Nevyas Joann Y 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A safe, simple surgical light occluder made of black pigmented hydrated HEMA is described. It protects the retina from all wavelengths of light and protects the corneal epithelium against abrasion and opacities due to drying during surgery.
Exophthalmometer Readings in Patients With Graves' Eye Disease
Authors: Frueh Bartley R , Musch David C , Garber Frank W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Exophthalmometer readings were measured in 84 patients with Graves' eye disease (GED) and 111 normal subjects. The mean exophthalmometer reading was significantly greater in patients with GED than in normal subjects. Asymmetry of the orbital disease produced less correlation of the exophthalmometer readings between right and left eyes of GED patients than is found in normal subjects. Expected gender and age effects on the exophthalmometer reading were not found among the GED patients. The mean exophthalmometer reading was not significantly higher for GED patients with compressive optic neuropathy than in the other subgroups of GED patients, suggesting that exophthalmos per se is not harmful to the optic nerve.
A Corneal Mold to Restore Normal Corneal Dimensions
Authors: Swinger Casimir A , Kornmehl Ernest W , York Steven , Forman Jeffrey S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A corneal mold is described that provides an MK corneal button of normal thickness and curvature from an edematous, post-mortem button. The uniform, processed tissue can then be used for experimental refractive surgery.
Early Postoperative Prognostic Indicators Following Trabeculectomy
Authors: Stewart William C , Shields M Bruce , Miller Kevin N , Blasini Marino , Sutherland Susan E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We compared prognostic indicators manifesting within the first 2 postoperative days, with filtration status 3 months following trabeculectomy in 51 primary open-angle glaucoma patients. Patients with an avascular area in the filtering bleb 2 days after surgery had a significantly lower (P < .05) intraocular pressure (IOP) (12.6 mm Hg) 3 months postoperatively than patients with vascular blebs (16.3 mm Hg). However, neither the height, breadth, or transparency of the filtering bleb, presence of microcysts, anterior chamber depth, nor IOP during the first 2 postoperative days were related significantly to the filtration status at 3 months.
Subconjunctival 5-Fluorouracil and Herpes Simplex Keratitis
Authors: Ophir Avinoam , Ticho Uriel 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a case of herpes simplex keratitis that appeared during a period following filtering surgery in which subconjunctival 5-FU was being administered. Although the 5-FU treatment was not halted, 4 days later the keratitis healed. The typical practice of discontinuing 5-FU treatment when these kinds of inflammation occur following filtering surgery may be unwarranted.
Standardized Data Collection and Coding in Eye Disease Epidemiology: The Uveal Melanoma Data System
Authors: Seddon Johanna , Gragoudas Evangelos , Egan Kathleen , Polivogianis Lela , Finn Susan , Albert Daniel 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Uveal Melanoma Data System of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary is a computerized database designed for data management and analysis with a broad range of clinical research applications. The system was created in 1980 and has evolved to include standardized data collection forms for all aspects of uveal melanoma patient care such as initial examination, treatment, and follow-up, as well as precoded forms for computer entry, which facilitate quality control measures and data analysis. Excerpts from current versions of these forms are presented. The Uveal Melanoma Data System has been used for a variety of clinical epidemiologic investigations. Examples of its application, including descriptive studies, prognostic factor studies, and treatment evaluations, are discussed. The model has potential broad application for clinical ophthalmic research in other specialty areas.
Clearance of Sodium Fluorescein Incorporated Into Microspheres From the Vitreous After Intravitreal Injection
Authors: Khoobehi Bahram , Stradtmann Manrique Ortiz , Peyman Gholam A , Aly Omar M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The clearance of microsphere-bound fluorescein from the vitreous was studied in rabbits to evaluate microspheres as a controlled-release drug delivery system. Microspheres of different combinations of copolymers of lactic and glycolic acid were injected intravitreally in three groups of rabbits. High concentrations were detected in the vitreous of all groups within 24 hours. By 5 days, the levels had gradually decreased, but they remained measurable up to 16 days in the rabbits in which lactide microspheres had been injected. Clearance was more rapid in the lactide/glycolide combination group than in the lactide group.
Determination of Maximal Incision Length for True Small-Incision Surgery
Authors: Samuelson Steven W , Koch Douglas D , Kuglen Craig C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We studied induced astigmatism in cadaver eyes to determine how small a limbal incision must be to avoid a long-term corneal flattening induced by limbal incisions along the meridian of the incision. We performed scleral pocket incisions (2.0 to 5.5 mm in 0.5-mm increments) on 12 fresh human cadaver globes, recessing the incisions 0.5 mm to simulate the natural wound sliding that causes corneal flattening. We found that with increasing incision length there was a nearly linear increase in corneal flattening. The maximal incision length that minimized induction of corneal flattening in excess of 0.25 diopters was 3.0 mm.
Early Visual Rehabilitation Following Keratoplasty Using a Single Continuous Adjustable Suture Technique
Authors: Temnycky George O , Lindahl Kenneth J , Aquavella James V , Erdey Richard A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We measured postkeratoplasty visual acuity, refraction, retinoscopy, keratometry, and corneal topography in 105 patients, in 33 of whom an adjustable continuous technique had been used, and in 72 of whom a standard technique (in which the continuous suture was not adjusted) had been used. In the eyes in which the sutures were adjusted (within 6 weeks following surgery), acuity improved (preadjustment mean, 20/205; postadjustmerit mean, 20/100), and astigmatism decreased (preadjustment mean, 8.41 diopters; postadjustment mean, 2.22 D). Visual acuity and astigmatism in the control group were unchanged at the same point after surgery.
Surgical Management of Corneal Perforation With Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex™)
Authors: Legeais J M , Renard G , D'Hermies F , Rossi C , Pouliquen Y 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a series of six patients with spontaneous corneal perforations successfully treated with a temporary graft of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex™) until a definitive penetrating keratoplasty could be performed. Two other patients had a paralimbic perforation treated with an artificial lamellar Gore-Tex graft. No infection or extrusion developed, and the artificial graft kept the anterior chamber tight in all cases. Gore-Tex appears to be a safe and effective material for use in treating acute central and peripheral corneal perforation.
Canalicular Stenosis Following Probing for Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Lyon David B , Dortzbach Richard K , Lemke Bradley N , Gonnering Russell S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A canalicular stenosis was identified in 29 of 66 (44%) children and 35 of 80 (44%) lacrimal drainage systems undergoing silicone intubation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, having previously had unsuccessful probings. The stenoses were equally divided between boys and girls and between right and left sides. There was no significant difference in age at the time of probing, number of prior probings, or age at intubation between children with and without canalicular stenosis. Stenoses may be congenital or acquired as a result of faulty probing. Any child undergoing a second lacrimal procedure after a failed probing should be evaluated for evidence of a canalicular stenosis. If a stenosis is present, a silicone stent should be placed to try to salvage the canaliculus.
Repair of the Severely Contracted Socket With Meshed Skin Graft and Semi-Rigid Conformer
Authors: Tsur Haggai , Kaplan Haim , Shafir Raphael , Rosner Mordechai , Orenstein Arie , Rosen Nachum 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Nine severely contracted sockets were reconstructed using a meshed skin graft in conjunction with a semi-rigid conformer-stent. Particularly useful following unsuccessful surgery with mucosal grafting, or in cases where for some reason mucosal grafts cannot be obtained, this technique is superior to current procedures utilizing nonmeshed split-thickness skin grafts.
Nd:YAG Cyclophotocoagulation: Outcome of Treatment for Uncontrolled Glaucoma
Authors: Wright Martha M , Grajewski Alana L , Feuer William J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We reviewed the records of 35 patients (35 eyes) treated with Nd.YAG cyclophotocoagulation for uncontrolled glaucoma and followed for 6 to 36 months or until treatment was declared a failure (loss of light perception, or intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mm Hg). The mean pretreatment intraocular pressure was 37.9 mm Hg (range, 20 to 61 mm Hg). The total energy in the initial treatment session ranged from 50.4 to 372.4 J (191 .7 ± 66.3 J). After the treatment, the mean IOP was 21.2 mm Hg (range, 0 to 53 mm Hg). The Kaplan Meier survival analysis demonstrated that failures occurred throughout the follow-up period and that the majority of patients required further intervention or lost all vision if followed long enough. Visual outcome was not correlated with energy used. Eleven eyes (31%) lost two or more lines of acuity or lost all light perception. These findings suggest that Nd:YAG cyclophotocoagulation may control IOP but cannot always save vision.
Glaucoma Filtration Surgery: New Horizontal Mattress Closure of Conjunctival Incision
Authors: Liss Robert P , Scholes Gary N , Crandall Alan S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We developed a conjunctival wound closure technique with the idea of decreasing the incidence of wound leak following glaucoma filtration surgery. A micropoint 9-0 nylon vascular needle is used as a running mattress suture to close the limbal conjunctiva in routine fornix-based flap trabeculectomy surgery, trabeculectomy surgery with 5-fluorouracil (5FU), and combined cataract and trabeculectomy surgery. In a series of 52 eyes in 52 patients in which we used this technique, there have been no cases of flat anterior chamber or significant choroidal effusion, complications often occurring secondary to trabeculectomy which require further intervention.
Intraepithelial Sebaceous Epithelioma of Lids, Conjunctiva, and Cornea Treated With Minimal Orbital Exenteration
Authors: Wolter J Reimer , Bromley William C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
"Minimal" orbital exenteration, obtained by excision of a lid tumor (that had recurred after local incision), removal of the conjunctival sac, enucleation, and tenonectomy were used to treat intraepithelial sebaceous epithelioma with pagetoid spread to conjunctiva and cornea in an 80-year-old man.
Reattachment of the Detached Ciliary Body With Suturing for Treatment of Contusional Ocular Hypotension
Authors: Zheng Yingzhao , Ji Xunchuan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Ocular hypotension resulting from a detached ciliary body after ocular contusion usually is best treated surgically. We report a simple, safe, and relatively effective procedure used to suture the ciliary body onto the inner surface of the sclera in eight such cases. Intraocular pressure (IOP) rose from unmeasurable levels to 10 to 12 mm Hg in five of these cases. Although in the three other cases IOP did not increase immediately after the operation, in one case it roseto 10 to 12 mm Hg 1 month postoperatively, and in the other two cases it rose to a normal level after additional laser therapy.