bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Integration of Metallic Catalytic Sites and Photosensitive Centers within Covalent Organic Frameworks for the Enhanced Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2
Authors: Liu Jiaying , Li Jingjun , Lin Zujin , Ye Shihua , Lin Wenlie , Yang Xue , Gao Shui‐Ying , Cao Rong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a promising platform for heterogeneous photocatalysis due to their stability and design diversity, but their potential is often restricted by unmanageable targeted excitation and charge transfer. Herein, a bimetallic COF integrating photosensitizers and catalytic sites is designed to facilitate locally ultrafast charge transfer, aiming to improve the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The strategy uses a “one‐pot” method to synthesize the bimetallic COF (termed PBCOFRuRe) through in situ Schiff‐base condensation of Pyrene with MBpy (M = Ru, Re) units. In this structure, Ru and Re are anchored within bipyridine as the photosensitive center and catalytic site, respectively. The bimetallic architecture of PBCOFRuRe significantly boosts the photocatalytic efficiency for CO2 reduction, achieving an impressive CO yield of 8306.6 µmol g−1 h−1 with 99.8% selectivity, surpassing most reported COF materials. This improvement is attributed to the localized ultrafast charge transfer (0.23 ps) from Ru to Re, as demonstrated by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS). Further investigations demonstrate its heterogeneous feature, showcasing exceptional long‐term stability and recyclability. This study represents a versatile approach for designing bimetallic COFs with ultrafast charge transfer, paving the pathway for advancements in artificial photosynthesis.
Skin‐Mountable Thermo‐responsive Structured Hydrogel for Optical and Adhesion Coupled Functional Sensing
Authors: Xu Xinqiang , Lyu Yang , Liu Di , Shi Xinyan , Ji Zhongying , Liu Desheng , Jia Xin , Wang Xiaolong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSmart hydrogel sensors with intrinsic responsiveness, such as pH, temperature, humidity, and other external stimuli, possess broad applications in innumerable fields such as biomedical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and wearable electronics. However, it remains a great challenge to develop wearable structural hydrogels that possess simultaneously body temperature‐responsive, adhesion‐adaptable, and transparency‐tunable. Herein, an innovative skin‐mountable thermo‐responsive hydrogel is fabricated, which endows tunable optical properties and switchable adhesion properties at different temperatures. Interestingly, it is able to exhibit lower critical solution temperature (LCST) to adapt to the human body temperature by altering the acrylic acid(AAc) content in the hydrogel network. The hydrogel also displays high transparency and strong adhesion at low temperatures, while it becomes opaque and feeble adhesion at high temperatures. Furthermore, a wearable and highly sensitive hydrogel sensor array structure is constructed by harnessing vat photopolymerization three‐dimensional (3D) printing. As a proof of concept, a wearable hydrogel sensor attached to the back of the human hand is capable of detecting simultaneously temperature and strain differences, and also integrating high‐temperature monitoring and alarm functions with visual transparency alteration. This work provides an advanced manner to fabricate structured responsive hydrogels, which have potential application prospects in the field of smart medical patches and wearable devices.
Targeted Nanoprobes Enabled Precision Theranostics in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Ma Ke , Yin Meng , Chen Ke‐Zheng , Qiao Sheng‐Lin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a highly aggressive and prognostically unfavorable subtype of breast cancer, characterized by the absence of common hormone receptors, which renders conventional therapies largely ineffective. This review comprehensively examines the molecular and clinical characteristics of TNBC, underscoring the substantial challenges inherent in its treatment and the innovative potential of targeted nanoprobes in advancing both diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms. Through the modification of targeting molecules, nanoprobes can deliver therapeutic agents highly specific to TNBC cells, thus significantly improving the sensitivity of diagnostic modalities and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Our discussion systematically explores the application of various targeting molecules and their advantages and limitations. In addition, this review presents a series of multifunctional targeted nanoprobes that are designed to perform both diagnostic and therapeutic functions, thus providing a synergistic approach to the treatment of TNBC. These advanced nanoprobes enable precise tumor localization while monitoring the therapeutic response in real time, thus facilitating a more personalized and dynamic treatment regimen. The major obstacles encountered during clinical translation are discussed in detail. The use of targeted nanoprobes represents a major leap forward in personalized medicine for TNBC, and current research efforts will continue to refine these technologies to improve clinical applicability.
Second-hand Luxury for Generations Y and Z: Embracing Responsible Consumption or Hunting for Luxury Brand Treasures? An Analysis from France Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Walser-Luchesi Agnès , Furst Anne-Catherine , Rabeson Landisoa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This book chapter focuses on the responsible consumption behavior of young individuals from Generations Y and Z and on the commitment of luxury companies to the sustainability of their products. The objective of this research is to understand the gap between the intention to engage in the responsible consumption of second-hand luxury goods and the actual act of purchasing them. We use the theory of planned behavior to analyze the factors that explain the intentions of younger generations to acquire such goods. The results of our quantitative study indicate that: (1) attitude to second-hand luxury goods, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have a significant influence on the intention to purchase; (2) the perception of quality associated with second-hand luxury goods has the strongest impact on attitude to them; and (3) the consumption of second-hand luxury goods does not represent a form of pro-environmental behavior within the age group studied. However, purchasing second-hand luxury goods is associated with acquiring high quality, timeless products and the desire to access a luxury brand. This is further influenced by a feeling of treasure hunting.
Holographic mean field theory and Kondo lattice
Authors: Han Young-Kwon , Ghorai Debabrata , Yuk Taewon , Sin Sang-Jin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We first study a non-relativistic field theory model for the Kondo lattice by introducing the Kondo condensation, whose main effect is the hybridization of the flat band of the localized electron with dispersive one of the itinerant electron. The problem here is that the resulting Kondo condensation arises only in strong coupling where the validity of the mean field theory is questionable. Therefore, we build a holographic mean field theory of the Kondo lattice with strong coupling by identifying the effect of the lattice with the fermion’s spectral shape due to the coupling with the order parameter representing the symmetry breaking. For the flat band spectrum we use the mixed quantization, and for the dispersive spectrum we intoduce the second fermion in standard quantization. The coupling of the two fermions with the scalar order representing the Kondo condensation provides the hybrization of the two spectrum, reproducing the main feature of the Kondo lattice together with the fuzzy character of the spectrum of the strongly coupled system.
SL2(ℝ) symmetries of SymTFT and non-invertible U(1) symmetries of Maxwell theory
Authors: Hasan Azeem , Meynet Shani , Migliorati Daniele 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent proposals for the Symmetry Topological Filed Theory (SymTFT) of Maxwell theory admit a 0-form symmetry compatible with the classical SL2(ℝ) duality of electromagnetism. We describe how to realize these automorphisms of the SymTFT in terms of its operators and we describe their effects on the dynamical theory and its global variants. In the process, we show that the classical U(1) symmetry, corresponding to the stabilizer of SL2(ℝ), can be restored as a non-invertible one, by means of an infinite series of discrete gauging. This provide an example of the reemergence of a classical symmetry in the quantum regime, which was not broken by anomalies, but rather by the quantization of electromagnetic fluxes. However, this procedure comes at the price of introducing “continuous” condensates that trivialize all line operators.
An interacting, higher derivative, boundary conformal field theory
Authors: Herzog Christopher P. , Zhou Yanjun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider a higher derivative scalar field theory in the presence of a boundary and a classically marginal interaction. We first investigate the free limit where the scalar obeys the square of the Klein-Gordon equation. In precisely d = 6 dimensions, modules generated by d − 2 and d − 4 dimensional primaries merge to form a staggered module. We compute the conformal block associated with this module and show that it is a generalized eigenvector of the Casimir operator. Next we include the effect of a classically marginal interaction that involves four scalar fields and two derivatives. The theory has an infrared fixed point in d = 6 − ϵ dimensions. We compute boundary operator anomalous dimensions and boundary OPE coefficients at leading order in the ϵ expansion for the allowed conformal boundary conditions.
The Standard Model quark/lepton masses and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing in an SU(8) theory
Authors: Chen Ning , Mao Ying-nan , Teng Zhaolong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The observed Standard Model (SM) quark/lepton mass hierarchies and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mixing pattern are described in an SU(8) theory through its realistic symmetry breaking pattern with three intermediate stages, which rely on a set of d = 5 gravity-induced operators that break the emergent global symmetries in the chiral fermion sector, as well as the precise identifications of all non-trivially embedded SM flavors.
Vertex algebra constructions for (analytic) geometric Langlands in genus zero
Authors: Gaiotto Davide 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We employ two-dimensional chiral algebra techniques to produce solutions of certain differential and integral equations which occur in the context of the Analytic Geometric Langlands Program. In particular, we build “Multiplication Kernels” K3(x, x′, x′′) which intertwine the action of $$ \mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{l}}_2 $$
s

l
2

Gaudin Hamiltonians on three sets of variables.
Universal bounds on CFT Distance Conjecture
Authors: Ooguri Hirosi , Wang Yifan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For any unitary conformal field theory in two dimensions with the central charge c, we prove that, if there is a nontrivial primary operator whose conformal dimension ∆ vanishes in some limit on the conformal manifold, the Zamolodchikov distance t to the limit is infinite, the approach to this limit is exponential ∆ = exp(−αt + O(1)), and the decay rate obeys the universal bounds c−1/2 ≤ α ≤ 1. In the limit, we also find that an infinite tower of primary operators emerges without a gap above the vacuum and that the conformal field theory becomes locally a tensor product of a sigma-model in the large radius limit and a compact theory. As a corollary, we establish a part of the Distance Conjecture about gravitational theories in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. In particular, our bounds on α indicate that the emergence of exponentially light states is inevitable as the moduli field corresponding to t rolls beyond the Planck scale along the steepest path and that this phenomenon can begin already at the curvature scale of the bulk geometry. We also comment on implications of our bounds for gravity in asymptotically flat spacetime by taking the flat space limit and compare with the Sharpened Distance Conjecture.
Higher twist corrections to doubly-charmed baryonic B decays
Authors: Rui Zhou , Zou Zhi-Tian , Li Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Baryonic two-body B mesons decays have been measured experimentally for some time, which provides an excellent ground for studying the QCD of baryonic B decays. In this work, we investigate the two-body doubly-charmed baryonic B decays in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach including higher twist contributions to the light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs). The charmed baryon LCDAs are included up to the twist four and the effect of the subleading component of the B meson LCDAs is studied for details. With the inclusion of these higher-power contributions, the PQCD results on rates can explain the current experimental data well. Moreover, we note that the SU(3) symmetry breaking is important in the concerned processes and play an essential role in understanding the measurements of $$ \mathcal{B}\left({\overline{B}}^0\to {\Lambda}_c^{+}{\overline{\Lambda}}_c^{-}\right) $$
B

B
¯

0

→

Λ
c
+

Λ
¯

c
−

and $$ \mathcal{B}\left({B}^{-}\to {\Xi}_c^0{\overline{\Lambda}}_c^{-}\right) $$
B

B
−

→

Ξ
c
0

Λ
¯

c
−

. We also evaluate the angular asymmetries for the first time, which have neither been measured experimentally nor calculated theoretically. All these predictions can be tested in future.
New approach to strongly coupled $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM via integrability
Authors: Ekhammar Simon , Gromov Nikolay , Ryan Paul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Finding a systematic expansion of the spectrum of free superstrings on AdS5 × S5, or equivalently strongly coupled $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM in the planar limit, remains an outstanding challenge. No first principle string theory methods are readily available, instead the sole tool at our disposal is the integrability-based Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC). For example, through the QSC the first five orders in the strong coupling expansion of the conformal dimension of an infinite family of short operators have been obtained. However, when using the QSC at strong coupling one must often rely on numerics, and the existing methods for solving the QSC rapidly lose precision as we approach the strong coupling regime.In this paper, we introduce a new framework that utilises a novel set of QSC variables with a regular strong coupling expansion. We demonstrate how to use this approach to construct a new numerical algorithm that remains stable even at a ’t Hooft coupling as large as 106 (or g ~ 100).Employing this approach, we derive new analytic results for some states in the $$ \mathfrak{sl}(2) $$
sl

2

sector and beyond. We present a new analytic prediction for a coefficient in the strong coupling expansion of the conformal dimension for the lowest trajectory at a given twist L. For non-lowest trajectories, we uncover a novel feature of mixing with operators outside the $$ \mathfrak{sl}(2) $$
sl

2

sector, which manifests as a new type of analytic dependence on the twist.
Constraining the UV with the electroweak effective action
Authors: Kuntz Iberê , Malagi Amanda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
By considering an arbitrary bare action describing BSM physics, we use the Barvinsky-Vilkovisky resummation to obtain the most general non-local electroweak effective action at second order in the field strength. We also include the contribution of the functional measure to the effective action, which is found to modify the Higgs potential by shifting its vacuum value. The resulting effective action provides one-loop corrections to the W and Z boson masses, ultimately leading to the most general expression for the ρ parameter at one-loop. The functional measure plays a pivotal role as it allows the parameterization of ρ in inverse powers of the scale of new physics, while containing non-local form factors. The comparison of ρ with the latest data leads to several constraints on the UV particle spectra of BSM models.
Comparative evaluation of intraoral scanners and a spectrophotometer for percent correct shade identification in clinical dentistry
Authors: Hein Sascha , Nold Julian , Masannek Matthias , Westland Stephen , Spies Benedikt C. , Wrbas Karl Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The study aimed to assess the percent correct shade identification of four intraoral scanners (IOS) and a spectrophotometer, focusing on how reliably each device selects the correct tooth shade compared to a visual observer’s selection. The research question addresses how much clinicians can trust the device-selected shade without visual verification.

Materials and methods
Sixteen participants with natural, unrestored teeth were included. The teeth evaluated were tooth 21 (left maxillary central incisor), tooth 23 (left maxillary canine), and tooth 26 (first left maxillary molar). Tooth color was measured using four IOS devices and the Vita Easyshade V in three regions: incisal, middle, and cervical. The nearest 3D Master shade selected by each device was compared to the visual observer’s selection. The percent exact match, acceptable match (> 1.2, ≤ 2.7 ∆E
ab), and mismatch type A (< 2.7, ≤ 5.4 ∆E
ab) were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test with a 95% confidence level.

Results
The overall clinical pass rate was highest for Carestream (78.2%), followed by Easyshade (63.5%), Primescan (51.2%), Trios (39.5%), and Medit (31.3%). Carestream also recorded the highest rate of mismatch type A (47.7%). Significant differences between devices were observed for all categories (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Carestream demonstrated the highest overall clinical pass rate, while Medit exhibited the lowest. The study highlights the variability between devices in shade matching performance.

Clinical relevance
This study highlights the importance of considering device performance when relying on IOS or spectrophotometers for shade selection without visual assessment, as the reliability can vary significantly across devices.
A taxonomy of virtual reality sports applications
Authors: Elsholz Sophia , Pham Kevin , Zarnekow Rüdiger 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough physical fitness is one of the most important factors regarding an individual’s health, many people perceive a lack of motivation. One promising solution is the usage of virtual reality (VR) sports applications. Studies showed that VR sport offers several advantages, ranging from a high enjoyment, the improvement of skill quality and motivation, to effectiveness in rehabilitation. The present study aims to address the growing need for a comprehensive understanding of the fast-evolving landscape of VR sports applications. By examining 59 research studies in a systematic literature review and 141 commercial applications, we developed a taxonomy that highlights key trends, gaps, and discrepancies between academic and commercial approaches within the VR sports domain. A comparison of both theoretical and commercial applications reveals that while research applications often include specific sports movements for a well-defined target group, most market applications are designed for a wider audience and emphasize gamification. Further, market applications often include social experiences and competition that can motivate users significantly. Additionally, we identified that current VR sports applications align with established learning theories and that their design can thereby facilitate sport skill learning. Our taxonomy offers valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners in the dynamic landscape of VR sports through describing trends and deriving gaps for future research.
What does being “research active” mean in public health practice? Exploring behavioural and motivational dimensions of research activity in English local government through perceptions from embedded researchers
Authors: Edwards Rachael C. , Kneale Dylan , Stansfield Claire , Lester Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aim
Developing policies and services to address health inequalities occurs within highly complex, political environments, and the literature points to an underutilisation of research. This ineffective mobilisation of evidence is a result of challenges emerging from both research and practice organisations. In response, many interventions have been funded to enhance “research activity” in public health decision-making, but we lack a holistic understanding of what characterises research activity in these settings. Addressing this gap, we explored behavioural and motivational dimensions that are viewed as comprising research activity in public health practice.

Subject and methods
We undertook seven semi-structured interviews with researchers embedded in local government settings in England. As change agents holding dual affiliations with research and practice organisations, embedded researchers are ideally placed to develop comparative insights on the processes through which research activity is manifested in these contexts and to identify disparities inhibiting the flow of research evidence into practice.

Results
We found that research activity is manifested through a variety of behaviours relating to accessing, conducting, and contributing to research, and evidence use. Motivational dimensions underlying engagement with research institutions include concerns around capability, capacity, and local value. Many of these concerns stem partly from narrow conceptualisations of the term “research” which are held by academics and decision-makers alike.

Conclusion
Interventions seeking to enhance research activity in public health decision-making could benefit from flexibility in their language and application to build cross-organisational understanding of pressures and priorities and to account for variation in research capacity, interest, and skillsets.
Quantifying the Diagnostic Odyssey Burden Among Persons with Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Nikzad Sarina , Johnson Rebekah , Scalchunes Christopher , Rider Nicholas L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) have lifelong health complications including severe infections and physical impairments. Previous studies show that a patient’s perception of their health is an important predictor of health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to understand factors related to patient reported health status.

Methods
We used data from the Immune Deficiency Foundation (IDF) 2017 National Patient Survey and analyzed factors which correlated with the reported health status (RHS). Among a cohort of 1139 self-reported IEI patients, we identified age at the time of diagnosis, time gap between symptom onset and diagnosis, number of physicians seen, and whether the diagnosis was made in the first 5 years of life as significant. We used a two-tailed t-test, single-factor ANOVA, and Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test to assess statistical significance in the observed difference.

Results
Patients who received a diagnosis before the age of 12 had a significantly better mean RHS (n = 207 pre-12a vs. n = 900 post-12a; p < 0.0001). Patients who received a diagnosis within 10 years of symptom onset showed improved mean RHS (n = 413 pre-10 vs. n = 524 post-10; p < 0.0001). Among patients who had symptom onset within the first 5 years of life, those who received a diagnosis had a significantly improved RHS (3.5 ± 0.92, n = 275 undiagnosed vs. 2.8 ± 0.94, n = 108 diagnosed; p < 0.0001). Finally, RHS was significantly impacted by number of physicians(n ≥ 4) seen prior to diagnosis (3.1 ± 0.96 vs. 3.4 ± 0.80, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
These findings shed light upon critical factors which impact IEI patient RHS. Specifically, we find that efficient, rapid and early-life IEI identification should improve patient reported health and relevant outcomes. These improvements appear to be independent of the clinician specialty ultimately making the IEI diagnosis.