bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of PLA/ENR thermoplastic vulcanizates with balanced stiffness‐toughness based on rubber reinforcement and selective distribution of modified silica
Authors: Jiang Gang , Zhang Jiahao , Ding Jianping , Chen Yukun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElastomer‐toughened PLA has incubated plenty outstanding achievements. Principally, increasing elastomer content will immolate vast rigidity in exchange for toughness. In this work, silane coupler KH550‐treated SiO2 and ENR were used to synergistically enhance and toughen PLA via dynamic vulcanization. It is found that the PLA/ENR/SiO2 TPV with balanced stiffness and toughness exhibited a bi‐continuous phase structure. Thereinto, the hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles were regulated to uniformly disperse in the ENR phase, which played an essential role in reinforcing the rubber and bracing the symmetrical rubber network, so as to toughen the PLA with retaining high stiffness at an acceptable plastic‐to‐rubber ratio. By incorporating nano‐SiO2 modified with 10 phr KH550, the TPV could obtain an impact strength of 23.7 kJ/m2 at 0°C while maintain a tensile strength of 42.1 MPa, which were 1.62‐fold and 1.03‐fold of those before modification, respectively. The synergistic enhancing and toughening mechanism of nano‐SiO2 and ENR was revealed through a series of test and analysis, which furnished a succinct and effective proposition of fabricating high‐performance PLA materials.
A conductive rubber with self‐healing ability enabled by metal‐ligand coordination
Authors: Xiong Jianxiang , Gong Zhou , Ding Jianping , Chen Yukun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAt present, flexible conductive materials have been widely noticed. However, developing electronic materials with both good mechanical and electrical self‐healing abilities remains both a great challenge and an exciting goal. Herein, we prepared a commercial nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) with electrical healing capability based on constructing Fe(III) coordination and CNT networks. With 3 phr (parts per hundreds of rubber) CNT, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of rubber composite reached 1.1 MPa and 300%, respectively. After healing at 80°C for 9 hours, the recovery efficiency of rubber composite achieved 90%. After adding 5 phr CNT, the conductivity can reach 0.077 S/m, and the electrical conductivity was 0.076 S/m after self‐healing. Such material can maintain resistance change within 5 times at high strain (100%), so it is applicable in the field of strain sensor.
Using the external magnetic field of composites to control fiber orientation and enhancement of electrical conductivity
Authors: Chang Che‐Wei , Chen Shia‐Chung , Tsai Pi‐Lin , Chiu Min‐Chi , Liu Yu‐Shiu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe industrial developments have led to more applications of various composites. Since fiber orientation and distribution will influence product performance in composites, controlling said orientation and distribution is of critical importance. This study used external magnetic fields to control the fiber orientation and distribution in a polymer. The orientation of the actual fibers under magnetic field control during flowing was observed using a visualization system, which was made by PMMA and transparent epoxy as an upper cover and filling polymer. In order to clearly observe and calculate, 0.1 wt% fiber content was used, and 0.3 wt% fiber content was used to measure conductivity. Fiber distribution angles without a magnetic field concentrate parallel to the flow direction (0° ~ 30° and 151° ~ 180°) while distribution angles under magnetic field control were concentrated along the magnetic field direction, which was perpendicular to the flow direction (61° ~ 120°). The higher the magnetic flux density, the larger the torque of the electromagnetic field on the fibers and the higher the orientation of fibers was with the magnetic field. The electrical conductivity was 12.23 times higher for 1 mm fibers in an external magnetic field versus no magnetic field.
EDock‐ML: A web server for using ensemble docking with machine learning to aid drug discovery
Authors: Chandak Tanay , Wong Chung F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEDock‐ML is a web server that facilitates the use of ensemble docking with machine learning to help decide whether a compound is worthwhile to be considered further in a drug discovery process. Ensemble docking provides an economical way to account for receptor flexibility in molecular docking. Machine learning improves the use of the resulting docking scores to evaluate whether a compound is likely to be useful. EDock‐ML takes a bottom‐up approach in which machine‐learning models are developed one protein at a time to improve predictions for the proteins included in its database. Because the machine‐learning models are intended to be used without changing the docking and model parameters with which the models were trained, novice users can use it directly without worrying about what parameters to choose. A user simply submits a compound specified by an ID from the ZINC database (Sterling, T.; Irwin, J. J., J Chem Inf Model 2015, 55[11], 2,324–2,337.) or upload a file prepared by a chemical drawing program and receives an output helping the user decide the likelihood of the compound to be active or inactive for a drug target. EDock‐ML can be accessed freely at edock‐ml.umsl.edu
Porous Noble Metal Electrocatalysts: Synthesis, Performance, and Development
Authors: Su Zhipeng , Chen Tiehong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractActive sites (intrinsic activity, quantity, and distribution), electron transfer, and mass diffusion are three important factors affecting the performance of electrocatalysts. Composed of highly active components which are built into various network structures, porous noble metal is an inherently promising electrocatalysts. In recent years, great efforts have been made to explore new efficient synthesis methods and establish structural–performance relationships in the field of porous noble metal electrocatalysis. In this review, the very recent progress in strategies for preparing porous noble metal, including innovation and deeper understanding of traditional methods is summarized. A discussion of relationship between porous noble metal structure and electrocatalytic performance, such as accessibility of active sites, connectivity of skeleton structures, channels dimensions, and hierarchical structures, is provided.
Metallic Transition Metal Dichalcogenides of Group VIB: Preparation, Stabilization, and Energy Applications
Authors: Li Yihui , Wang Menglei , Yi Yuyang , Lu Chen , Dou Shixue , Sun Jingyu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLayered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) of group VIB have been widely used in the realms of energy storage and conversions. Along with the existence of semiconducting states, their metallic phases have recently attracted numerous attentions owing to their fascinating physical and chemical properties. Many efforts have been devoted to obtain metallic TMDs with high purity and yield. Nevertheless, such metallic phase is thermodynamically metastable and tends to convert into semiconducting phase, which necessitates the exploration over effective strategies to ensure the stability. In this review, typical fabrication routes are introduced and those critical factors during preparation are elaborately discussed. Moreover, the stabilized strategies are summarized with concrete examples highlighting the key mechanisms toward efficient stabilization. Finally, emerging energy applications are overviewed. This review presents comprehensive research status of metallic group VIB TMDs, aiming to facilitate further scientific investigations and promote future practical applications in the fields of energy storage and conversion.
Incorporation of Al3+ Sites on Brønsted Acid Metal–Organic Frameworks for Glucose‐to‐Hydroxylmethylfurfural Transformation
Authors: Tangsermvit Vitsarut , Pila Taweesak , Boekfa Bundet , Somjit Vetiga , Klysubun Wantana , Limtrakul Jumras , Horike Satoshi , Kongpatpanich Kanokwan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract5‐hydroxylmethylfurfural (HMF) is a bio‐based chemical that can be prepared from natural abundant glucose by using combined Brønsted–Lewis acid catalysts. In this work, Al3+ catalytic site has been grafted on Brønsted metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to enhance Brønsted–Lewis acidity of MOF catalysts for a one‐pot glucose‐to‐HMF transformation. The uniform porous structure of zirconium‐based MOFs allows the optimization of both acid strength and density of acid sites in MOF‐based catalysts by incorporating the desired amount of Al3+ catalytic sites at the organic linker. Al3+ sites generated via a post‐synthetic modification act as Lewis acid sites located adjacent to the Brønsted sulfonated sites of MOF structure. The local structure of the Al3+ sites incorporated in MOFs has been elucidated by X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The cooperative effect from Brønsted and Lewis acids located in close proximity and the high acid density is demonstrated as an important factor to achieve high yield of HMF.
Controllable Epitaxial Growth of Large‐Area MoS2/WS2 Vertical Heterostructures by Confined‐Space Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Zhang Xiumei , Huangfu Luyao , Gu Zhengjian , Xiao Shaoqing , Zhou Jiadong , Nan Haiyan , Gu Xiaofeng , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe controllable large‐area growth of single‐crystal vertical heterostructures based on 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) remains a challenge. Here, large‐area vertical MoS2/WS2 heterostructures are synthesized using single‐step confined‐space chemical vapor epitaxy. The heterostructures can evolve into two different kinds by switching the H2 flow on and off: MoS2/WS2 heterostructures with multiple WS2 domains can be achieved without introducing the H2 flow due to the numerous nucleation centers on the bottom MoS2 monolayer during the transition stage between the MoS2 and WS2 monolayer growth. In contrast, isolated MoS2/WS2 heterostructures with single WS2 domain can be obtained with introducing the H2 flow due to the reduced nucleation centers on the bottom MoS2 monolayer arising from the hydrogen etching effect. Both the two kinds of the vertical MoS2/WS2 heterostructures feature high quality. The photodetectors based on the isolated MoS2/WS2 heterostructures exhibit a high responsivity of 68 mA W−1 and a short response time of 35 ms. This single‐step chemical vapor epitaxy can be used to synthesize vertical MoS2/WS2 heterostructures with high production efficiency. The new epitaxial growth approach may open new pathways to fabricate large‐area heterostructures made of different 2D TMDs monolayers of interest to electronics, optoelectronics, and other applications.
Charge Modulation Layer and Wide‐Color Tunability in a QD‐LED with Multiemission Layers
Authors: Park Sung‐Jae , Song Suk‐Ho , Kim Sang Soo , Song Jang‐Kun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWidely tunable color emission from a single pixel is a promising but challenging technology for quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes (QD‐LEDs). Even a QD‐LED pixel with stacked multi‐QD layers having different colors is likely to emit a monotonic color because the exciton recombination mostly occurs in 1 or 1.5 QD layers with better charge balance. In this study, an all‐solution‐processed QD‐LED with electrically tunable color emission over a wide color range by introducing a charge modulation layer (CML) is developed. Specifically, the CML acted as a high and narrow energy barrier for electrons between two QD layers, and the electron drift is sensitively controlled via the field‐dependent tunneling effect. Therefore, the charge distribution and balance in the two QD layers re‐electrically tunable, which enhanced the color tunability. The color tuning range and quantum efficiency are effectively controlled depending on the CML material and thickness. In addition, the color change caused by the solvent effect in a QD‐LED with dual QD layers is thoroughly investigated. The proposed method may advance the understanding of QD emission behavior with the use of CML and provide a practical approach for the actual application of color‐tunable pixel technology.
An efficient machine learning model for malicious activities recognition in water‐based industrial internet of things
Authors: Selim Gamal E. I. , Hemdan Ezz El‐Din , M. Shehata Ahmed , A. El‐Fishawy Nawal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Industrial Control System (ICS) has an important role to reduce the interaction between humans and the industrial system. Cyber‐Physical Systems (CPSs) operate in critical infrastructures such as transport networks, gas, and water distribution networks, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems (UASs), and nuclear power generation. In this paper, we provide a Machine Learning Model for Malicious Activities Recognition in Water‐based Industrial Internet of Things (MARWIIoT). This model can help industrial operators and administrators to recognize any malicious activities against industrial infrastructure. To classify the malicious activity, various machine learning methods, such as Logistic Regression (LR), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), k‐nearest neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) can be used. The proposed MARWIIoT model is based on Genetic‐KNN with normalization to classify malicious activities efficiently. This model has been evaluated using a dataset covering 15 anomaly circumstances, including normal system behavior. The circumstances existing addressed various incidents from hardware failure to critical water infrastructure damage. The comprehensive results have indicated that the MARWIIoT model is superlative in compared existing machine learning models because it has the highest performance based on different evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1‐Score.
Combination therapy with Treg and mesenchymal stromal cells enhances potency and attenuation of inflammation after traumatic brain injury compared to monotherapy
Authors: Caplan Henry W. , Prabhakara Karthik S. , Toledano Furman Naama E. , Zorofchian Soheil , Kumar Akshita , Martin Cecilia , Xue Hasen , Olson Scott D. , Cox Charles S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The inflammatory response after traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to significant secondary brain injury and chronic inflammation within the central nervous system. Cell therapies, including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), have led to improvements in animal models of TBI and are under investigation in human trials. One potential mechanism for the therapeutic potential of MSC is their ability to augment the endogenous response of immune suppressive regulatory T cells (Treg). We have recently shown that infusion of human cord blood Treg decreased chronic microgliosis after TBI and altered the systemic immune response in a rodent model. These cells likely use both overlapping and distinct mechanisms to modulate the immune system; therefore, combining Treg and MSC as a combination therapy may confer therapeutic benefit over either monotherapy. However, investigation of Treg + MSC combination therapy in TBI is lacking. In this study, we compared the ability MSC + Treg combination therapy, as well as MSC and Treg monotherapies, to inhibit the neuroinflammatory response to TBI in vivo and in vitro. Treg + MSC combination therapy demonstrated increased potency to reduce the neuro- and peripheral inflammatory response compared to monotherapy; furthermore, the timing of infusion proved to be a significant variable in the efficacy of both MSC monotherapy and Treg + MSC combination therapy in vivo and in vitro.
HC-HA/PTX3 from amniotic membrane reverts senescent limbal niche cells to Pax6+ neural crest progenitors to support limbal epithelial progenitors
Authors: Chen Szu-Yu , Zhu Yingting , Zhang Yuan , Hsu David , Tseng Scheffer C.G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Quiescence and self-renewal of human corneal epithelial progenitor/stem cells (LEPC) are regulated by the limbal niche, presumably through close interaction with limbal (stromal) niche cells (LNC). Paired box homeotic gene 6 (Pax6), a conserved transcription factor essential for eye development, is essential for proper differentiation of limbal and corneal epithelial stem cells. Pax6 haploinsufficiency causes limbal stem cell deficiency, which leads to subsequent corneal blindness. We previously reported that serial passage of nuclear Pax6+ LNC resulted in the gradual loss of nuclear Pax6+ and neural crest progenitor status, the latter of which was reverted upon recovery of Pax6. These findings suggest Pax6 plays a pivotal role in supporting the self-renewal of LEPC in limbal niche. Herein, we show that HC-HA/PTX3, a unique matrix purified from amniotic membrane (AM) and consists of heavy chain 1of inter-α-trypsin inhibitor covalently linked to hyaluronic acid and complexed with pentraxin 3, is capable of reverting senescent LNC to nuclear Pax6+ neural crest progenitors that support self-renewal of LEPC. Such reversion is causally linked to early cell aggregation mediated by activation of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)-mediated signaling followed by activation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. Furthermore, CXCR4-mediated signaling, but not BMP signaling, controls recovery of the nuclear Pax6+ neural crest progenitors. These findings not only explain why AM helps in vivo and ex vivo expansion of human LEPC, but they also illuminate the potential role of HC-HA/PTX3 as a surrogate matrix niche that complements stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine.
Current advances and future perspectives of additive manufacturing for functional polymeric materials and devices
Authors: Zhang Chuhong , Li Yijun , Kang Wenbin , Liu Xingang , Wang Qi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies. Functional 3D printed products represent an important orientation for next‐generation manufacturing and attract a great spotlight for the application in sensors, actuators, robots, electronics, and medical devices. However, the lack of functions of printing polymeric materials dramatically limits the development of functional 3D printing. Different from traditional processing, the physical properties, such as geometry and rheological behavior, of the polymeric materials must match the printing process, making the selection of printable materials limited. More importantly, challenges in large‐scale production of such materials further stifle the development of functional 3D printing industry. In this review, we aim to outline recent advances in polymeric materials and methodologies for the functional 3D printing technology. The reports are classified based on functionalities, including electronic conductive, thermally conductive, electromagnetic interference shielding, energy storage, and energy harvesting materials. This study attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for 3D printing functional polymeric materials/devices, also seeks to enlighten the orientation of future research in this field.
Electro‐Oxidative Coupling Reactions Leading to π‐Conjugated Compounds
Authors: Mitsudo Koichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElectrochemical reactions are rapidly gaining attention today as a powerful and environmentally benign reaction processes for organic synthesis. We found that the electro‐oxidation of palladium acetate afforded cationic palladium species and thus‐generated cationic Pd species were efficient mediators for electro‐oxidative coupling reactions. Homo‐coupling of arylboronic acids and terminal alkynes proceeded efficiently to afford biaryls and butadiyne, respectively. Cross‐coupling reactions between terminal alkynes and arylboronic acids were also achieved with the use of a Ag anode. As an advantage of electrochemical reactions, we developed a sequential reaction system switched between oxidative and neutral conditions by the on/off application of electricity, and several π‐extended butadiynes were obtained in one‐sequence by the system. Electrochemical intramolecular C−S coupling for the synthesis of thienoacene was also developed. The use of Bu4NBr as a halogen mediator was essential for the reaction.
Narrative inquiry: A proposed methodology for Wasta research
Authors: Al‐Twal Arwa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWasta is a controversial subject that has received increasing research interest in recent years, including exploratory studies seeking to define its nature and scope and to understand why people use it. This article explores the potential applicability of using narrative inquiry in wasta research. It is premised on that intuitive assumption that analyzing individuals' experiences and perceptions of phenomena enable an “insider view” and a deeper understanding of the subject under investigation. This is particularly apt for emerging areas of research, such as wasta, which has not been deeply studied in terms of how it manifests and how it is perceived among people and organizations. It is suggested that narrative inquiry offers a new way to develop knowledge about wasta, which contributes to simplifying the academic understanding of the phenomenon. It is useful in uncovering characteristics of wasta that would have otherwise remained hidden when using other methodological approaches.
Effect of resveratrol on the inflammatory status and oxidative stress in thymus gland and spleen of sulfoxaflor‐treated rats
Authors: Fathy Samah M. , Abdelkader Ibrahim Y. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractResveratrol (Res), a polyphenolic compound that exerts mitigating consequences against various insults due to its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Sulfoxaflor (SFX), a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used worldwide and leading to deleterious effects on the environment and public health. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Res on the inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by SFX in the thymus and spleen of rats. Thirty‐six Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into six groups; control group, SFX treated groups (24.8 mg/kg or 79.4 mg/kg/day), Res (alone) treated group (20 mg/kg/day), Res + SFX treated groups (20 mg /kg Res + 24.8 mg/kg SFX or 20 mg/kg Res + 79.4 mg/kg SFX) orally for 28 days. Res treatment reversed the significantly elevated white blood cells' count and the reduced count of red blood corpuscles, platelets as well as hemoglobin content of SFX treated rats. Biochemically, Res administration inhibited the remarkably increased serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines as well as thymic and splenic levels of malondialdehyde following SFX treatment. Res treatment ameliorated the conspicuously reduced antioxidant enzymes' activities due to SFX supplementation. The immunomodulatory effect of Res treatment was detected by suppressing the upregulation of the cluster of differentiation (CD)11b and CD3 gene expressions. Histopathological alterations attributed to SFX administration were ameliorated by Res treatment. In conclusion, Res can be used as a protective agent to counteract SFX toxic effects on lymphatic organs through alleviation of the antioxidant defense mechanism and modulation of the inflammatory response.