bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of spatial distribution of brain metastasis from small cell lung cancer and identification of metastatic risk level of brain regions: a multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Wang Yong , Xia Wei , Liu Baoyan , Zhou Liu , Ni Meng , Zhang Rui , Shen Jingyi , Bai Yujun , Weng Guixiang , Yuan Shuanghu , Gao Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to explore the spatial distribution of brain metastases (BMs) from small cell lung cancer (SCLC) a homogenous sample, and to identify the metastatic risk levels in brain regions.

Methods
T1-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from SCLC patients were retrospectively reviewed from three medical institutions in China. All images were registered to the standard brain template provided by the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) 152 database, followed by transformation of the location of all BMs to the space of standard brain. The MNI structural atlas and Anatomical Automatic Labeling (AAL) atlas were then used to identify the anatomical brain regions, and the observed and expected rates of BMs were compared using 2-tailed proportional hypothesis testing. The locations and sizes of brain lesions were analyzed after image standardization.

Results
A total of 215 eligible patients with 1033 lesions were screened by MRI, including 157 (73%) males and 58 (27%) females. The incidence of crucial structures were as follows: hippocampus 0.68%, parahippocampal 0.97%, brainstem 2.05%, cauate 0.68%, putamen 0.68%, pallidum 0.2%, thalamus 1.36%. No BMs were found in the amygdala, pituitary gland, or pineal gland. The cumulative frequency of the important structures was 6.62%. Based on the results of MNI structural atlas, the cerebellum, deep white matter and brainstem was identified as a higher risk region than expected for BMs (P = 9.80 ×10−15, 9.04 ×10−6), whereas temporal lobe were low-risk regions (P = 1.65 ×10−4). More detailed AAL atlas revealed that the low-risk regions for BMs was inferior frontal gyrus (P = 6.971 ×10−4), while the high-risk regions for BMs was cerebellar hemispheres (P = 1.177 ×10−9).

Conclusion
Many crucial structures including the hippocampus, parahippocampus, pituitary gland and thalamus etc. have low frequency of brain metastases in a population of SCLC patients. This study provides the help to investigate the clinical feasibility of HA-WBRT and non-uniform dose of PCI in a population of SCLC patients.
Surgical management of post-surgical intercostal thoracic-abdominal nerve neuroma
Authors: Raikar Soubrata , Patil Arun Angelo , Simmons Amelia , Nilles-Melchert Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Formation of post-operative neuroma formation after laparoscopic surgery is not common. Its diagnosis is often missed because pain often mimics intra-abdominal pathology. In this paper, the authors report a case in which the severe pain resulting from the abovementioned neuroma was successfully treated by excision of neuroma and implant of the proximal stump into the adjacent muscle.

Case presentation
The patient is a 20-year-old female who had laparoscopic surgery on her left kidney. Immediately after surgery, she started experiencing severe pain at the operative site that continued for 5 years. A recent nerve block of the thoracic-abdominal intercostal nerve deep in the abdominal wall immediately beneath the incision gave her temporary relief for a couple of weeks. The patient was operated on. The neuroma was identified in the scar tissue of the transversalis muscle. The neuroma was excised, and the proximal stump was buried in the adjacent muscle. After the operation, she was free of pain and continues to be free of pain at 6 months follow-up.

Conclusion
Formation of neuroma with severe chronic abdominal pain can occur after laparoscopic surgery. Nerve block is a diagnostic study for this condition. Neuroma resection with burying the covering of the stump can result in the cure of the pain.
A cloud-based service-oriented architecture to unlock smart energy services
Authors: Haghgoo Maliheh , Dognini Alberto , Storek Thomas , Plamanescu Radu , Rahe Ulrike , Gheorghe Stefan , Albu Mihaela , Monti Antonello , Müller Dirk 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn a modern smart energy system with increased penetration of renewable energy resources, the amount of data from various sources is growing significantly. Such systems require complex algorithms and controlling on-demand. These requirements can be addressed with on-demand scalability and a stable system. Nowadays, on-demand scalability is achieved by considering cloud computing and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. This paper presents a cloud-based platform based on service-oriented architecture to perform analyzes on smart energy system services. It is the result of the European FISMEP (FIWARE for Smart Energy Platform) project to demonstrate an information and communication technology (ICT) architecture for the smart energy sector. The presented architecture is powered by FIWARE, open-source and customizable building blocks for future internet applications and services. Furthermore, the feasibility of the architecture is evaluated using various test cases.
Molecular basis of pathogenesis of postharvest pathogenic Fungi and control strategy in fruits: progress and prospect
Authors: Zhang Zhan-Quan , Chen Tong , Li Bo-Qiang , Qin Guo-Zheng , Tian Shi-Ping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe disease caused by pathogenic fungi is the main cause of postharvest loss of fresh fruits. The formulation of disease control strategies greatly depends on the understanding of pathogenic mechanism of fungal pathogens and control strategy. In recent years, based on the application of various combinatorial research methods, some pathogenic genes of important postharvest fungal pathogens in fruit have been revealed, and their functions and molecular regulatory networks of virulence have been explored. These progresses not only provide a new perspective for understanding the molecular basis and regulation mechanism of pathogenicity of postharvest pathogenic fungi, but also are beneficial to giving theoretical guidance for the creation of new technologies of postharvest disease control. Here, we synthesized these recent advances and illustrated conceptual frameworks, and identified several issues on the focus of future studies.
Introduction
Authors: Celikates Robin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Violence manifests as a force that dissects: it disjoins, divides, breaks up lives and bodies, communities, the environment. It also constitutes a field of forces that theory, in its critical registers, is trying to dissect, to anatomize, to take apart, to lay open, to open up for critique and transformation, especially when violence takes hidden, invisibilized, or structural forms. As Étienne Balibar's work exemplifies, for theory to do this, it not only needs to take account of the resistance and struggles of its age; it also needs to move beyond clichés about violence as the intentional infliction of bodily harm, and beyond the widespread assumption that violence is the absolute other of politics, that politics and violence are incompatible. The commentaries in this special section further explore the theoretical space opened up by Balibar's work in light of the current conjuncture.
Introduction
Authors: Zambrana Rocío 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The essays translated in this cluster explore the work of debt, blame, and responsibility in the continuation of and resistance to colonial life in contemporary Puerto Rico. In the colony of Puerto Rico, debt represents the continuation of the colonial condition—Puerto Rico's status as an unincorporated territory of the United States. Ariadna Michelle Godreau-Aubert, Vanesa Contreras Capó, Anayra Santory Jorge, and Eva Prados Rodríguez show furthermore how debt actualizes a racial and gender order that exceeds colonialism as a juridical-political predicament. Their essays track forms of resistance to the work of debt.
What is the role of incisional vacuum therapy in challenging spinal wounds? A single centre experience
Authors: Hajjar Marwan S , Atallah Georgio M , Oneissi Ahmad , Beaineh Paul , Abu-Sittah Ghassan S 
Published: June 2021

Objective: A surgical approach to the treatment of spinal defects and disorders has become more common because of the medical and technological advancements achieved in the last decade. This rising trend in spinal surgeries is associated with adverse events, most notably wound complications. From its introduction, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has proved to be essential in the management of complex wounds and in speeding up wound recovery. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of incisional NPWT in patients undergoing spinal surgery and its role in the prevention of wound complications. Method: This study is a retrospective medical chart review conducted on patients who underwent spinal surgery and received incisional vacuum therapy as part of their treatment. The apparatus was applied intraoperatively following the spinal surgery for all patients included in this study. All surgical procedures were conducted between September 2019 and May 2020. Data entry and analysis were performed between September and October 2020. Results: A total of five patients' records were reviewed. In our healthcare centre, three patients developed seroma, one developed haematoma, four required revision surgery and one patient required re-operation. There was no wound dehiscence and none of the wounds became infected. Mean length of hospital stay was 11.2 days (standard deviation (SD): 9.5 days) and mean operation time was 333 minutes (SD: 86.4 minutes). Conclusion: There is a scarcity of data on the role of incisional vacuum therapy in the prevention of wound complications associated with spine surgeries. Our study showed promising results for the use of incisional NPWT in the management of spinal wounds. Further research is required in order to enhance wound care by exploiting this potentially beneficial approach.
Evaluation of a novel bioactive wound dressing: an in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Azhar Fahimeh Farshi , Rostamzadeh Paria , Khordadmehr Monireh , Mesgari-Abbasi Mehran 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Hard-to-heal wounds, such as pressure ulcers and diabetic ulcers, are a major challenge for wound dressings. The aim of this study was to develop a bioactive dressing based on polymers and natural materials with unique biological and therapeutic properties. Method: The dressing was composed of an active layer containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), honey, curcumin and keratin, and an upper layer with lower hydrophilicity comprising PVA to induce flexibility. Physicochemical properties of the dressing were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, swelling behaviour and antibacterial measurements. A wound healing study was performed using an experimental rat model and two different compositions of the bioactive dressing were compared with a commercial wound dressing (Comfeel, Coloplast, Denmark). Histopathological evaluation was conducted for this purpose. Results: Characterisation results showed that a smooth bilayer film with two homogenous but distinct layers was produced. The dressing also provided adequate moisture to the wound environment without infection and adhesion due to dryness occurring. Our results exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and improved the wound healing process without any scarring. Histopathological findings demonstrated a significant higher healing rate in vivo together with well-formed epidermis, granulation tissue formation and tissue contraction, when compared with the commercial wound dressing. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated acceptable physical and healing effects for the novel bioactive wound dressing; however, more investigations are recommended.
Central venous catheter insertion- guidewire migration ratio: Right heart to inferior vena cava
Authors: Reichmann-Ariel Daphna , Sadeh Re’em , Galante Ori , Almog Yaniv , Fuchs Lior 
Published: June 2021

Background
Central Venous Catheters (CVC) are being used in both intensive care units and general wards for multiple purposes. A previous study Galante et al. (2017) observed that during CVC insertion through Subclavian Vein (SCV) or the Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) the guidewire is sometimes advanced to the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC), and at other times to the right atrium. The rate of IVC wire cannulation and the association with side and point of insertion is unknown.

Objective
In this study, we describe guidewire migration location during real time CVC cannulation (right atrium versus IVC) and report the association between the insertion site and side of the CVC and the location of guidewire migration, Right Atrium (RA)/Right Ventricle (RV) versus IVC guidewire migration.

Methods
This is a retrospective study in the medical intensive care unit among patients that have received CVC during the study years 2014–2020. The rate of IVC versus right atrium/right ventricle wire migration during the procedure were analyzed. The association between the side and point of CVC insertion and the wire migration site was analyzed as well.

Results
One hundred and sixty-six patients were enrolled. 33.7% of wires migrated to the IVC and 66.3% to the versus right atrium/right ventricle. The rate of wire migration to the IVC was similar in the IJV site and the SCV site. There was no association between the side of CVC insertion and wire migration to the IVC.

Conclusion
About a third of all wire migrations, during CVC Seldinger technique insertion, were identified in the IVC, with no potential for wire associated arrhythmia. There was no association between CVC insertion point (SCV versus IJV) nor the side of insertion and the site of guidewire migration.
Mortality in Patients With Genetic and Environmental Risk of Liver Disease
Authors: Schneider Carolin V. , Fromme Malin , Schneider Kai Markus , Bruns Tony , Strnad Pavel 
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION:
The increasing liver-related mortality calls for hepatic surveillance programs. To design them, factors selectively increasing liver-related vs overall mortality need to be identified.

METHODS:
We analyzed mortality data from 467,558 individuals recruited by the community-based UK Biobank. The mean follow-up was 11.4 years.

Results:
While all assessed genetic factors associated with increased liver-specific mortality, only homozygous TM6SF2 mutation and SERPINA1 mutation conferred elevated overall mortality. Among the environmental factors, obesity and metabolic syndrome disproportionately contributed to liver-related deaths.

Discussion:
Our data demonstrate an interplay between genetics and environment and provide a basis for hepatic surveillance programs.
Interreligious Nursing: A conceptual framework
Authors: Tanriverdi Gülbu 
Published: June 2021

Religion, which is one of fundamental element that affects and changes culture. One of the most important functions of religions is to unite their members around a common belief. People who share the same belief look at the world from the same window and think that they see the same things through that window. It is stated that, thanks to religious belief, people are relieved significantly by means of emotional comfort and calmness, coping with death anxiety and seeking wisdom in their illnesses. In order for nurses to know how the individual's religious beliefs will affect their care; they are expected the relationship between religion, culture and health. Westbeerg proposed an innovative nursing role for faith communities in the mid-1980s, and interest in this area has grown exponentially over the past 25 years.In this review, it is proposed to develop the field by creating a conceptual framework for the field of "Interreligious Nursing", which is based on religion integrated care.

Özet
Din, kültürü etkileyen, değiştiren ona süreklilik kazandıran temel unsurlarından birisidir. Dinlerin en önemli işlevlerinden birisi mensuplarını ortak bir inanç etrafında birleştirmeleridir. Aynı inancı paylaşan insanlar dünyaya aynı pencereden bakar ve o pencereden aynı şeyleri gördüklerini düşünürler. Dini inanç sayesinde insanların duygusal bir rahatlık ve sakinlik yaşadıkları, ölüm kaygısıyla başaçıktıkları ve hatta geçirdikleri hastalıklarda bir hikmet olduğunu düşünerek rahatladıkları belirtilmektedir. Hemşirelerin, bireyin dini inançlarının bakım sürecini nasıl etkileyeceğini bilmek için; din, kültür ve sağlık ilişkisini bilmeleri beklenmektedir. Westbeerg'in 1980'lerin ortasında iman (inanç) toplulukları için yenilikçi bir hemşirelik rolü önermiş ve son 25 yılda bu alana ilgi katlanarak artmıştır. Bu derlemede dinin entegre adildiği bakımı esas alan “Dinlerarası hemşirelik” alanına yönelik kavramsal çatı oluşturularak, alanın geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Flexible Work Arrangements Program Implementation Evaluation
Authors: Sa Yongjin 
Published: June 2021

This research primarily focuses on construction of the program evaluation proposal for the flexible work arrangements. In order to make the program evaluation design, this paper specifically discusses evaluation questions and data collection analysis regarding three kinds of evaluations including needs assessment, implementation evaluation, formative evaluation, and summative evaluation. Furthermore, the expected positive effects and main functions of the flexible work arrangements program evaluation are also suggested.
Developing linguistic and cultural competence: participants' evaluation of a Maltese language and culture awareness program
Authors: SCHEMBRI NEVILLE 
Published: June 2021

Malta is facing an increasing demand and decreasing supply of local nurses and engagement of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) personnel is becoming the main solution to mitigate such problems. The case study examines the perceptions of CALD nurses about the content and utility of a Maltese language and culture awareness program. A qualitative methodology was adopted and data collected through focus group interviews conducted with sixteen (16) participants. Qualitative content analysis using Framework Method was used to analyse the data.
Views on the training program have been divided between elements related to individual utility, service user utility, quality of delivery and areas for improvement. The results indicate that training can provide significant advantages in terms of enhancing cultural competence and cross-cultural encounters amongst CALD nurses working in elderly long term care and it is recommended that such programs are encouraged to be taken on board by organisations operating in similar health and social care services.
The effect of Chinese EFL students’ learning motivation on learning outcomes within a blended learning environment
Authors: Peng Renzhong , Fu Rongrong 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ learning motivation and learning outcomes in a blended learning environment. A questionnaire was administered to 960 EFL students, and 10 of them participated in an interview. Following a series of analyses on the data collected through the questionnaire, consisting of exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, and correlation analysis, a structural relationship model that integrated learning motivation and learning outcomes was developed and tested. The results reveal that both intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation have a positive relationship with learning outcomes within a blended learning environment, both of which are conducive to improving students’ English linguistic competence and facilitating their psychological development of English learning. Moreover, intrinsic motivation is more important than extrinsic motivation. In intrinsic motivation, intrinsic interest in English and the intrinsic goal of understanding English culture are the two most important motives. Based on these results, implications and recommendations for future research are provided.

Implications for practice or policy:

Foreign language educators should consider the stimulation of students' learning motivation as the main task in blended courses.
Foreign language educators should pay more attention to the development of students’ intrinsic motivation than extrinsic motivation to produce more favourable learning outcomes in blended courses.
Foreign language educators should focus on developing students’ intrinsic interest in foreign language and culture in terms of the cultivation of students’ intrinsic motivation in blended courses.
Die Zivilgesellschaft in der Krise
Authors: Hutter Swen , Teune Simon , Daphi Priska , Nikolas Ana-Maria , Schäfer Ines , Sommer Moritz , Steinhilper Elias , Zajak Sabrina 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag präsentiert erste Einblicke in eine Organisationsbefragung zur Auswirkung der COVID-19 Pandemie auf Vereine und Initiativen in Deutschland. Die Studie unterstreicht, dass die Zivilgesellschaft mit großer Wucht getroffen wurde und weitreichende, negative Auswirkungen der Pandemie zu verzeichnen sind. Dennoch zeigen die Ergebnisse ebenfalls, dass sich Teile der Zivilgesellschaft der pandemischen Entwicklung anpassen und ihre Handlungsfähigkeit aufrechterhalten konnten. Besonderes Augenmerk wird in dem Beitrag auf Muster der (De-)Aktivierung sowie die Digitalisierung zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteure in der Krise gelegt.
Inhibiting PDE7A Enhances the Protective Effects of Neural Stem Cells on Neurodegeneration and Memory Deficits in Sevoflurane-Exposed Mice
Authors: Huang Yanfang , Chen Yingle , Kang Zhenming , Li Shunyuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSevoflurane is widely used in general anesthesia, especially for children. However, prolonged exposure to sevoflurane is reported to be associated with adverse effects on the development of brain in infant monkey. Neural stem cells (NSCs), with potent proliferation, differentiation, and renewing ability, provide an encouraging tool for basic research and clinical therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. We aim to explore the functional effects of injecting NSCs with phosphodiesterase 7A (PDE7A) knock-down in infant mice exposed to sevoflurane. The effects of PDE7A in NSCs proliferation and differentiation were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and differentiation-related gene expression assay, respectively. The effects of NSCs with modified PDE7A on mice’s long-term memory and learning ability were assessed by behavioral assays. Our data demonstrated that depleting PDE7A promoted, whereas forcing PDE7A suppressed the activation of cAMP/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) signaling as well as cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs. Inhibition of PDE7A in NSCs exhibited profound improved effects on long-term memory and learning ability of mice exposed to sevoflurane. Our results for the first time show that knock-down of PDE7A improves the neurogenesis of NSCsin vitroandin vivo, and is beneficial for alleviating sevoflurane-induced brain damage in infant mice.