bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust Screening Criteria for Foam-Assisted Water-Alternating Gas FAWAG Injection
Authors: Kechut Nor Idah , Groot Johannes A.W.M , Mustafa Mohd Azlan , Groenenboom Jeroen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Foam-Assisted-Water-Alternating-Gas (FAWAG) injection has been proposed to improve the inherent unfavorable mobility ratio of gas and liquid in WAG process. The foam reduces gravity override and gas channeling as to improve volumetric sweep efficiency and thus oil recovery. There are still a lot of uncertainties yet to be understood in foam dynamics, surfactant adsorption, and foam stability when contacting oil, which impact the actual foam propagation into the reservoir. Although some insights are gained from laboratory and field experiments, the performance, and design of the injection strategy and facilities as part of the field development of FAWAG is not trivial and field data is sparse.
Extensive laboratory experiments and simulation studies are necessary to de-risk enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application, but these processes are time consuming and expensive. For this reason, a screening study is normally conducted to increase the possibility of selecting high potential candidates prior to embarking on the detailed feasibility studies. Unfortunately for FAWAG, the screening criteria are not readily established nor commonly available in commercial screening tools unlike for other matured EOR methods, largely contributed by the limited database on FAWAG field implementations worldwide.
This paper presents a robust FAWAG screening tool which accounts for important reservoir properties, uncertainties in foam model parameters, as well as various reservoir conditions of oil and gas production and injection plans. The FAWAG process is modelled from the assumption of local equilibrium of foam creation and coalescence using an Implicit Texture model. Relevant foam scan experiments/steady state coreflood data were analyzed to derive parameters that characterize foam dynamics.
The sensitivity study in this paper ranks and identifies the main risks and opportunities for the FAWAG process, quantifies the reliability of the model and increases the understanding of the effective dynamic behaviour. The sensitivity study was the basis for the development and validation of a proxy model by design of experiments. The screening tool employs this proxy model to generate immediate screening results without the need to run additional simulations. The screening tool was further validated with upscaled experimental data. A set of prediction results on the range of oil recovery for numerous plausible field scenarios was established; these screening criteria will be used as the basis for high-level decision making.
A Novel Chemical Treatment and Well Completion Strategy to Prevent Scale and Production Losses in Shushufindi Aguarico Field
Authors: Paredes Monica Paulina , Marques da Silva Luciano Bravo , Egas Lucia Del Rosario , Endara Edison Atahualpa , Escalona Pedro Luis , Maulidani Oki Ari , Pineda Alexander José , Estevez Diego Renato , Guaman Juan Carlos , Carrion Johana Jackeline , Freire Carola Judith , Villamar Fausto Alexis 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this case study, EP Petroecuador and Consorcio Shushufindi evaluate a chemical treatment and completion strategies to reduce the extensive impact of bottomhole scale deposits on oil production, electrical submersible pumps (ESP) run life, and operating costs of wells completed in the high-scaling tendencies reservoir. The positive impact on oil production optimization resulting from these strategies will also be discussed and the advantages, lessons learned, and constraints of this work.
Conventionally, corrosion and scale chemical inhibitors are deployed through capillary lines; this method is effective up to the pump depth but does not prevent deposits at the perforations or at the lower completion and near wellbore. Rapid production decline or complete loss of production is observed, requiring costly well interventions. Laboratory analysis and evidences from the interventions show that lower T-sand fluids present a high-scale tendency at the bottomhole; therefore, a process to identify candidates and deploy chemical treatment in the rathole to prevent scale deposits was defined and proved. The technology selected was encapsulated scale inhibitors (microcaps).
Based on the process, two wells were selected from a portfolio of 12 wells that match the criteria to apply the method to deploy the technology. The following observations were drawn: -Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is the most common scale-ESP parameters and production surveillance are essential for early detection of problems associated with scale deposits at bottomhole-The action of microcaps and the installation of a pipe tail below the ESP base sensor allowed to deepen the continuous dosage of scale inhibitor and has already doubled the run life of the ESP equipment, with direct savings on operations costs (approximately USD 240,000) in the short time and continue and can continue to yield more.-According to post workover (WO) production tests of the two candidates and the performance of ESP parameters, the application of this strategy made possible to restore the productivity indexes and sustain them over time. This leads to reduction in production losses of 310 BOPD or 60% of the actual production in the similar period before the treatment.-The microcaps can be applied and refilled through rig-less annulus-It is a low-cost solution for scale problems at bottomhole.
This document presents an analysis to reduce operating costs in wells that produce fluids with a high-scaling tendency at bottom hole, through an unconventional and low-cost strategy of chemical treatment from the sand face to the wellhead. This novel process and microcaps application can be used in wells in remote and difficult areas to service on a regular basis.
Designing a Successful MOOC – An Empirical Study of the Foreign Language Courses On a MOOCs Platform
Authors: Kuang Jia , He Lan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
MOOCs have achieved great development in the last five to seven years. However, MOOCs present unique features of their own which distinguish themselves from the traditional classroom interaction. In this article, in order to find out the factors influencing the design of successful MOOCs, we examined the communication mode of MOOCs from the perspective of symbolic interactionism by combining the features of the communication mode of MOOCs as well as that of the traditional classroom interaction. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted on 280 sample MOOCs from the foreign language courses category of a major Chinese MOOCs platform. The findings indicate that providing options for comprehension, providing options for self-regulation, coherence and temporal contiguity are the key factors for a successful design of MOOCs.
A Study of the Interaction of Ixabepilone As Anticancer Drug With Acetoxymercuric Fluorescein Reagent by Fluorescence Quenching Approach: A Validated Method
Authors: Salem Hesham , abdelaziz Amany , Gamal Aliaa , Sabaa Ramy El 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A spectrofluorimetric approach has been developed and validated for determination of sulfur-containing drug; ixabepilone in raw powder, vials and human plasma. This approach studies the quenching effect of IXA on the fluorescence intensity of acetoxymercuric fluorescein (AMF) reagent at λem of 530 nm and λex of 500 nm. All the parameters that can affect the reaction as pH, AMF solution concentration, temperature, time and solvents were studied and optimized. The linearity range of the studied approach was 20-100 ng mL-1 with correlation coefficient of (r = 0.9998). The proposed approach was validated and approved regarding to ICH guidelines in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, LOD and LOQ, with mean percentage recovery of 99.79 and RSE% of 1.64. The previously obtained resultes were already statistically compared with that of established reported methods indicating no significant differences in accuracy and precision. Finally, the proposed approach is easy, sensitive, and inexpensive so it is suitable for routine determination of IXA in raw powder, vials and human plasma with no need for any prior separation or sample extraction.
Comparison of Tibial Anatomical-mechanical Axis Angles and Patellar Positions Between Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy (TPLO) and Modified Cranial Closing Wedge Osteotomy (AMA-Based CCWO) for the Treatment of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease in Large Dogs With Tibial Plateau Slopes Greater Than 30° and Clinically Normal Labradors Retrievers
Authors: Guénégo Laurent , Vezzoni Aldo , Vezzoni Luca 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate tibial anatomical-mechanical axis angles (AMA-angles) and proximodistal and craniocaudal patellar positions following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) and AMA-based modified cranial closing wedge osteotomy (CCWO) in large dogs with tibial plateau angle (TPA) >30°, to compare these postoperative positions with those of a control group of healthy normal dogs, and to assess which procedure yields postoperative morphology of the tibiae and stifles that is most consistent with that of the unaffected group. This study also investigated whether the occurrence of patellar ligament thickening (PLT), which is commonly observed two months postoperatively after TPLO, is associated with misplacement of the osteotomy. A total of 120 dogs weighing more than 20 kg, 40 of which were control animals, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Stifles were radiographically evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively on the side with CCLR and on the healthy contralateral side and compared with clinically normal stifles. PLT was reassessed after two months.Results: Significant decreases in median patellar height ratio were found after both procedures (TPLO 0.24 (0.05–0.8); CCWO 0.22 (0.05–0.4)). The postoperative craniocaudal patellar position and the median AMA angle differed significantly among the groups (P=0.000) (TPLO 87.5% caudal to the AA and 3.12° (0.76–6.98°); CCWO 100% cranial to the AA and 0° (-1.34–0.65°); control group 5% caudal to the AA and 0.99° (0–3.39°)).At 8 weeks, PLT grade differed significantly in the two operated groups (P=0.000) (TPLO 40% 0–2, 20% 2–4, 40% >4; CCWO 98.8% 0).Conclusions: TPLO and AMA-based CCWO are associated with significant decreases in patellar height; however, the PLT results two months postoperatively differed between the two groups; the decrease in patellar height and PLT were independent of osteotomy position in the TPLO group. Compared to TPLO, CCWO results in reduced postoperative AMA angles and craniocaudal patellar positions that more closely resemble those of unaffected dogs, suggesting that the CCWO procedure allows us to better correct the caudal bowing of the proximal tibia that is often associated with deficient stifles in large dogs with TPA >30°.
Evaluation the toxic effects of Cobalt/Zinc/Ferrite nano-complex in experimental mice
Authors: El-Nahass Eman E. , El-Naggar Sabry A. , Salem Basant I. , elwan Mona M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Currently, nanoparticles (NPs) are in use in several applications especially in the biomedical field. The NPs showed promising results in the treatment of several diseases, however, NP S could have toxic effects on some vital organs. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible toxicity of Cobalt/Ferrite (CF NPs) and Cobalt/Zinc/Ferrite (CZF NPs) nano-complex. Eighty female mice were used to determine the median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of CF NPs (100 mg/kg) and CZF NPs (100 mg/kg). Thirty female mice CD1 were divided into 3 groups (n=10) as follows: Group 1 (Gp1). Mice were injected with 200 µl of sterile saline interperitoneal (i.p.). Gp2 and Gp3 were injected with CF NPs and CFZ NPs for 6 days. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters were determined at day 14 post injection. The results showed that there was a significant change in the total body weight in CZF NPs injected mice. CF NPs injections did not alter the values of the total red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin conc (Hb), hematocrit Hct%, total white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets while CZF NPs injections increased WBCs count and decrease the platelets count. Also, injection of CZF NPs altered the differential leukocyte percentages. There was no significant change in liver and kidney functions in CF NPs injected mice, while CZF NPs exhibited significant increases in liver and kidney bio-markers. The injection of mice with CF NP S didn´t alters the histological architecture of hepatic and renal tissues, while the hepatic and renal structures were disorganized in CZF NPs injected mice. Collectively, the results revealed that CZF NPs showed a degree of toxicity on experimental mice.
Biased Data, Biased AI: Deep Networks Predict the Acquisition Site of TCGA Images
Authors: Dehkharghanian Taher , Bidgoli Azam Asilian , Riasatian Abtin , Mazaheri Pooria , Campbell Clinton J.V. , Pantanowitz Liron , Tizhoosh H. R. , Rahnamayan Shahryar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Deep learning models applied to healthcare applications including digital pathology have been increasing their scope and importance in recent years. Many of these models have been trained on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) atlas of digital images, or use it as a validation source. This study shows that there are tissue source site (tss) specific patterns of TCGA images that could be used to identify contributing institutions without any explicit training. Furthermore, it was observed that a model trained for cancer subtype classification has discovered such tss specific patterns within digital slides to classify cancer types. Digital scanner configuration and noise, tissue stain variation and artifacts, and source site patient demographics are among factors that likely account for the observed bias. Therefore, researchers should be cautious of such bias when using histopathology datasets for developing and training deep networks.
Effect of Magnetic Fields on UV Absorption and Evaporation of Water
Authors: Shalatonin Valery , Pollack Gerald H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We investigated the effects of unipolar magnetic fields (N or S polarity) on the physical properties of deionized water. Long-term experiments revealed significant pole-dependent changes in water absorption in the UV range (180 – 350 nm). In the case of water in open vessels, the order of absorption values was C-N-S. That is, control (C) water absorbed the most, N-pole-influenced water absorbed less, and S pole the least. The differences in absorption between N and S waters were substantial. In the case of closed vessels, the differences in absorption spectra substantially diminished, and the arrangement of the absorption values became C-S-N (highest to lowest). A correlation between UV absorption values and evaporation rates was also found. The relative order of evaporation rates, C-N-S (highest to lowest), was the same as the order of the absorption values, also C-N-S. The differences in UV absorption spectra of the N- and S-treated waters persisted for several months after removing the magnets. Hence, the effects of magnetic fields were long term. The interaction of magnetic fields with water is of interest not only from a physical sciences perspective, but also in the context of the significant applications in medicine and biology.
Group size planning of breedings of gene-modified animals
Authors: Buch Thorsten , Milchevskaya Vladislava , Bugnon Philippe , Buren Emiel ten , Brand Frank , Tresch Achim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Animal breeding is time-consuming, costly, and affected by stochastic events related to Mendelian genetics, fertility, and litter size. Careful planning is mandatory to ensure a successful outcome using the least number of animals, hence adhering to the 3Rs of animal welfare. We have developed an R package, accessible also through an interactive website, that optimizes breeding design and provides a comprehensive report suitable for any breeder of genetically defined traits.
Feeding disorders in children: modern approaches to diagnosis and management
Authors: Pavlovskaya E. V. 
Published: October 2021

Feeding disorders in young and preschool-age children are a very important problem in modern pediatrics due to the high prevalence and negative consequences for the health and development of children due to chronic nutritional deficiency. Correction of feeding disorders in young children is a long-term process, during which it makes most sense to set short-term goals to reach a favourable outcome in the perspective.In the initial phase, the primary goal is to identify warning signs (“red flags”) that pose a risk to children. The prevailing disorders that make feeding difficult are food selectivity, decreased appetite and fear of eating. Treatment should be complex and aimed, first of all, at the psychological side of the problem, with simultaneous correction of nutrition if necessary. The article presents a modern approach to the management of patients with the most common difficulties in feeding in outpatient pediatric practice. This approach provides for the exclusion of alarming signs of somatic and psychoneurological pathology, assessment of oral motor skills, the nutritional status of children and the identification of pathological types of feeding.At present time, there are four main feeding styles: mindful (authoritative), supervising (authoritarian), indulging and uninvolved. Therapeutic tactics depend on the leading disorder of the eating behaviour. Recommendations for appetite correction depend on the underlying cause of its disorder. Providing the child with the necessary nutrients by prescribing “feeding insurance” through the inclusion of isocaloric food products containing native protein and micronutrients into the food ration, which enables the parents to reduce anxiety and avoid the use of forced feeding approaches.
Editorial: Pedagogía Hospitalaria y TIC: Educación flexible, inclusiva y solidaria para la mejora de la calidad de vida
Authors: Negre Bennasar Francisca , Verger Gelabert Sebastià 
Published: October 2021

La editorial de este monográfico se dedica a dilucidar algunos aspectos relevantes de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria y, de manera especial, a relatar la importancia de las TIC como recursos que pueden facilitar la mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas que conviven con una enfermedad, especialmente en lo referente al acceso a la educación, ya sea desde el domicilio o durante una hospitalización.
Se presentan brevemente los artículos del monográfico, estructurados en dos bloques. El primer bloque, de carácter más general, se compone de tres artículos de carácter teórico sobre diferentes aspectos de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria. En el segundo bloque se presentan cinco artículos dedicados a experiencias de diseño de recursos tecnológicos con diferentes propósitos como la sensibilización respecto a determinadas enfermedades, la atención educativa durante la pandemia, el diseño de repositorios de recursos dedicados, en un caso, a la gestión de la muerte en los centros educativos y, en otro, a facilitar el acceso a recursos de contenidos a una Asociación del campo de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria.
Can water rights trading pilot policy ensure food security in China? Based on the difference-in-differences method
Authors: Fang Lan , Fu Yong , Chen Shaojian , Mao Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Ensuring food security in China is the primary task in solving the problems of ‘agriculture, countryside, and farmers’. Based on Chinese provincial panel data from 2009 to 2018, this paper evaluates the impact of a water rights trading pilot policy (WRTPP) on food security and examines its underlying mechanism. To overcome the estimation bias existing in previous studies, we use the difference-in-differences method, which can separate time effects from policy treatment effects and is an effective tool to compare the effect before and after policy implementation. We, therefore, use this method to evaluate the net effect of the WRTPP on food security. It is found that the WRTPP can help ensure food security. This effect reaches its maximum in the fourth year after the policy's implementation. It is further found that the WRTPP can improve the adoption of agricultural water-saving irrigation technology to increase the grain yield. Our conclusions complement existing evidence on the factors influencing food security. From the perspective of improving farmers’ water-saving irrigation technology, we confirm that the mechanism of the water rights trading pilot policy helps ensure food security.
Determination of Aflatoxins in Feed by HPLC and PCR
Authors: Azeez Areej Zuhair , Hindi Mrwa Thamer , Khudiar Maha Muhamed , AL Saadi Adel Saadi , Khadim Noor Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to identify aflatoxin secretion isolates in animal feeds by using HPLC and PCR methods . In this study we collected fourty three samples of animal feed from different sites in Iraq (maize ,soybean ,sunflower grain ,barley grain, wheat). we isolated fungi on potato dextrose agar, Aspergillus flavus fungi was isolated from this samples and identified the enzyme activities were tested for this isolate. The detection and determination for aflatoxin secretion of the isolates were done by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique. Twelve isolates shown Aflatoxin B1 secretion. Polymrease chain reaction ( PCR) technique is an alternative method to detect for Aspergillus spp. strains that secret aflatoxin by using specific primers( ITS1) endogenous gene for Aspergillus flavus and (ord , nor) genes for aflatoxin B1 secreation, the PCR technique considered to be an important role for safety and quality in industrial food and feed.
Un nuevo modelo de educación superior: creación, implementación y resultados, ENES-León, UNAM
Authors: De la Fuente-Hernández Javier , De-Anda-Munguía María Leticia , Suárez-Paniagua Susana , Acosta-Torres Laura Susana , Zúñiga-Arrieta Verónica del Rocío , Martís-Flórez José Ramiro 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: analizar a través de la visión del fundador y de la perspectiva de los alumnos, el proceso de gestión de un nuevo modelo educativo que ha seguido la Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores León (ENES León), UNAM institución de educación superior fundada en 2011. Diseño metodológico: investigación evaluativa en un escenario real que aplica el Modelo de Evaluación de Stufflebeam para conocer la situación del contexto, insumos, proceso y producto (CIPP) de la innovación con dos tipos de informantes. Se utilizaron técnicas como la entrevista semiestructurada y guiones para los grupos focales; los instrumentos se validaron con el coeficiente de V de Aiken y el juicio de expertos. Resultados: la innovación se evidencia en la creación de algunas licenciaturas pioneras en la UNAM y en México, se encontró un liderazgo político-académico que impulsó la cultura transformadora del nuevo modelo educativo, la incorporación de prácticas docentes innovadoras con alto impacto en el compromiso social, la aplicación de la interdisciplina y multidisciplina y la generación de identidad universitaria. Limitaciones de la investigación: debido a que la ENES León es de reciente creación, no fue posible conocer el efecto en la formación de los egresados ni determinar su formación como agentes de cambio. Hallazgos: se encuentra evidencia de la implementación de un nuevo modelo de educación superior en México.