bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More Than a Sense: The Sense of Smell and Its Reflection in Mother and Baby: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Laleh Shahla Shafaati , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , İnal Sevil , Karaahmet Aysu Yildiz 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe sense of smell is one of the most developed and important senses that forms the bond between the newborn and the mother and allows the newborn to reach the mother's breast. The sense of smell begins to form during intrauterine life, and the sense of smell can be a marking tool for a newborn baby, so that the baby can recognize both his mother and his immediate environment and develop his behaviour accordingly. This is necessary not only for feeding babies but also for them to feel safe and peaceful in their new environment. In the early stages of life, olfactory stimulation (maternal odour, breast milk odour, amniotic fluid odour, smell of people or different environments) plays an important role in adapting to the environment. Smell stimulation, in particular, is critical for newborns' postnatal survival because it supports a wide range of early regulatory functions and motor responses. This review also aims to examine the current evidence in the field of olfactory skills in mother and infant in the development and care of the infant. Another aim is to summarize the research conducted to determine the effect of the sense of smell on the life of the mother and baby.MethodsThe article was written as a comprehensive review using certain keywords.ResultsHowever, the results on this issue are different. First of all, it is suggested that in the first years of life, the sense of smell can play an important role in social adaptation to the environment, recognition of the environment, mother–infant bonding, and therefore in this case, it is recommended to make olfactory stimulating interventions.ConclusionHowever, more well‐designed experimental studies are needed in this regard. We look forward to future studies that closely examine various aspects of how olfactory stimulation affects both mother and baby.
Standardised Pressure Injury Prevention Protocol (SPIPP‐ Adult) Checklist 2.0: Language and Content Validity Study
Authors: Özkan Çiğdem Gamze , Kurt Yeter , Öztürk Havva 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionImplementation of clinical practice guidelines, an important strategy in the prevention of pressure injuries, enables the nurse to interpret evidence‐based guideline recommendations, reduce errors, ensure compliance and standardisation of complex processes, manage patient‐related risks and systematically regulate all preventable conditions.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to ensure the Turkish language and content validity of the Standardised Pressure Injury Prevention Protocol (SPIPP‐ Adult) Checklist 2.0.MethodIn this methodological research study, a five‐stage technique was used in the translation of the SPIPP‐ Adult Checklist 2.0, which was created and revised by Joyce Pitmann et al. based on the International 2019 Clinical Practice Guidelines, into Turkish. These stages included initial translation, evaluation of initial translation, back translation, evaluation of back translation and expert opinion. Davis technique was used to determine the content validity of SPIPP‐ Adult Checklist 2.0.ResultsThe scale was translated into Turkish and back‐translated into the original language and the opinions of nine experts were obtained. The content validity scores of the SPIPP‐ Adult Checklist 2.0 were found to be between 0.88 and 1.0 and the total CGI score was calculated as 0.99. This value shows that content validity is at an acceptable level. After expert evaluations, it was decided that the final version of the scale was appropriate for use.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the SPIPP‐ Adult Checklist 2.0 is a valid tool. Interventions using the evidence‐based checklist should be integrated into the workflow and provide the best opportunity for successful and sustainable pressure injury prevention.
Association Does Not Mean Causation, When Observational Data Were Misinterpreted as Causal: The Observational Interpretation Fallacy
Authors: D'Amico Filippo , Marmiere Marilena , Fonti Martina , Battaglia Mariarita , Belletti Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe differentiation between association and causation is a significant challenge in medical research, often further complicated by cognitive biases that erroneously interpret coincidental observational data as indicative of causality. Such misinterpretations can lead to misguided clinical guidelines and healthcare practice, potentially endangering patient safety and leading to inefficient use of resources.MethodsWe conducted an extensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases up to March 2024, identifying circumstances where associations from observational studies were incorrectly deemed causal. These instances led to changes in clinical practice, embodying what we have termed the ‘observational interpretation fallacy’.ResultsOur search identified 16 notable cases where observational study‐derived associations, initially thought to influence clinical practices and guidelines positively, were later contradicted by findings from randomised controlled trials or further studies, necessitating significant revisions in clinical practice.ConclusionIn many cases, misinterpretation of observational finding negatively affecting patient care and public health policies. Addressing and rectifying the observational interpretation fallacy is crucial for the progression of medical research and the maintenance of safe and effective clinical practice. It is imperative for health policymakers, clinicians, and the lay public to critically assess research outcomes and make health‐related decisions based on a foundation of evidence‐based medicine. This approach ensures the alignment of medical practices with the most current and robust scientific evidence, safeguarding patient welfare and optimising resource allocation.
Lack of Prescription Drug Benefit Knowledge and Problems Paying Medical Bills Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Massey McKayla , Litten Kathryn , Towne Samuel D. , Beleri Vasiliki , Park Chanhyun , Ng Boon Peng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAims and ObjectivesApproximately 50% of Americans report having low health insurance literacy, leading to uncertainty when choosing their insurance coverage to best meet their healthcare needs. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between lack of prescription drug benefit knowledge and problems paying medical bills among Medicare beneficiaries.MethodsWe analysed the 2021 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Public Use File of 5586 Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥ 65 years. The binary dependent variable was whether beneficiaries had problems paying medical bills in the past year. The categorical independent variable was how much beneficiaries knew about the Medicare prescription drug benefit. A survey‐weighted multivariable logit model, adjusted for covariates (e.g., socio‐demographics, comorbidities, private insurance coverage, and satisfaction with out‐of‐pocket costs), was conducted to examine the association between the independent variable and problems paying medical bills.ResultsApproximately 4.3% of study beneficiaries (~2.0 million beneficiaries) reported problems paying medical bills. Of those without and with problems paying medical bills, 27.7% and 39.6%, respectively, reported knowing little/almost nothing about prescription drug benefits. Beneficiaries aged 65–74 years (marginal effect [ME] = 2.1%, p < 0.01), with comorbidities (e.g., ≥ 4 conditions, ME = 3.8%, p < 0.001), dissatisfaction with out‐of‐pocket costs (ME = 10.1%, p < 0.001), without private insurance (e.g., employer‐sponsored insurance, ME = 2.5%, p < 0.01), or with little/almost no knowledge of prescription drug benefits (ME = 1.9%, p < 0.05) were more likely to report problems paying medical bills compared to their counterparts.ConclusionTailored programmes aimed at improving beneficiaries' knowledge of prescription drug benefits, reducing out‐of‐pocket costs and preventing comorbidities may be considered for the at‐risk population to address the problem.
Implementation of an Early Referral Programme for Patients With Hand Arthralgia
Authors: Vega‐Morales David , Silva Alain Nigel Michele Granados , Montoya‐Montes Alondra Elizabeth 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive autoimmune inflammatory disease. According to the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR), the stages of RA progression include pre‐RA, preclinical RA, inflammatory arthralgia, arthralgia with positive antibodies, arthralgia suspected of progressing to RA, undifferentiated arthritis and finally established RA. According to the Community Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD), the prevalence of RA in Mexico is 1.6% [2], with approximately 10% of health problems addressed at the primary care level.ObjectiveTo assess the implementation of an early referral programme for patients with RA and to reduce the time from symptom onset to specialist referral within the Mexican healthcare system.Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective, observational cohort study conducted in family medicine units affiliated with the HGZ #17 of the IMSS, Delegación Nuevo León. A pilot early referral programme was implemented as follows. Phase 1: Patients presenting with hand arthralgia during the initial consultation were referred for a pre‐consultation, where they were assessed using the EULAR classification criteria for clinically suspicious arthralgia. Phase 2: Patients meeting more than four of these criteria were scheduled for a direct appointment with a rheumatologist within 3–4 weeks. During the same timeframe, these patients were compared to 200 first‐time referrals to rheumatology between April and October 2023 who followed the standard referral process. The following time intervals (measured in months) were evaluated: (A) From symptom onset to the first primary care consultation, (B) To the referral consultation, (C) To internal medicine, and (D) To rheumatology consultation.ResultsPatients diagnosed with RA in the early referral group were 14 out of 41 (34.1%) compared to 25 out of 200 (12.5%) in the standard referral group. The total duration from symptom onset to rheumatology consultation was 28.5 months (SD 35.07) in the standard referral group versus 5.4 months (SD 8.9) in the early referral group.ConclusionThe implementation of this early referral programme significantly reduced the time in months for patients to access rheumatologic care.
Practical Application of Value‐Based Medicine in Chronic Pelvic Pain: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wissing M. C. , van der Wal S. E. I. , van de Haterd M. , de Reuver P. R. , Dick L. , Engels Y. , Vissers K. C. P. , Kluivers K. B. , Notten K. J. B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRationaleChronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is prevalent and a complex multifactorial condition. The incidence is rising. CPPS patients may benefit from multidisciplinary care in a structured care pathway.Aim and ObjectivesThe aim of this explorative study is to give an overview of patient and healthcare provider perspectives on the current patient journey to implement these perspectives in a CPPS care pathway.MethodsA Qualitative study was performed using nominal group technique. The participants were nine female patients CPPS and fourteen healthcare providers involved in CPPS care. The perspectives of the stakeholder groups on the individual components of the CPPS patient journey were collected.ResultsFive overarching key topics were identified: structured start of the patient journey, execution of the patient journey, follow‐up after the patient journey, administration during the patient journey, and communication and education. The following recommendations were formulated based on the prioritised points: implementation of a multidisciplinary approach from the start of the journey, adding a case manager and expanding the multidisciplinary team, providing a collaborative triage, updating the questionnaires, improving communication, developing a rehabilitation programme, and reducing waiting times.ConclusionStakeholder focus groups using the nominal group technique was a pivotal step in the development of our CPPS care pathway. This step led to fundamental recommendations, of which a personalised treatment plan at an earlier stage in the patient journey might be the most impactful. This is now implemented, and we monitor the effects on outcomes, quality of life and patient's satisfaction.
A systematic review on patient perceptions and clinician‐reported outcomes when comparing digital and analog workflows for complete dentures
Authors: Fouda Amira , Tonogai James , McDermott Peter , Wang Daniel , Dong Cecilia S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare digitally fabricated complete dentures to conventionally fabricated dentures using patient‐ and clinician‐reported outcome measures.MethodsThis review was structured according to PRISMA guidelines with the protocol registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42024526069). An electronic search of the databases with a defined search strategy was completed within PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science from January 2000 to March 2024. Grey literature and article references were searched. Articles were screened by title and abstract, and the remaining articles were screened by full‐text review. Articles accepted for inclusion were subjected to a risk‐of‐bias assessment using Cochrane Collaboration tools (RoB 2 and ROBINS‐I).ResultsFrom an initial pool of 704 articles, 15 studies met the selection criteria, of which the majority were published within the past 3 years. Within the included studies, there was inconsistency in the assessment methods of patient‐ and clinician‐reported outcomes, making it challenging to draw definitive conclusions. Generally, digital dentures had superior cost‐effectiveness and prosthesis fabrication time. Patient satisfaction and denture quality were not consistently improved with digital technology.ConclusionsStudies showed indications of patient satisfaction with digital and conventional dentures. Digital technology may enhance clinical workflows. A trend emerged that milled dentures performed better than printed dentures. Clinicians adopting digital technology into removable prosthodontics may have a learning curve to overcome, and they should consider the patient‐clinician relationship in addition to clinical outcomes to achieve patient satisfaction. Additional studies with standardized tools for assessing patient satisfaction are required to enable meaningful comparisons between digital and conventional workflows.
Longitudinal assessment of erythrogram parameters in response to granulocytapheresis frequency: A sex‐based analysis
Authors: Alswied Abdullah , Chen Leonard N. , West‐Mitchell Kamille Aisha 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGranulocyte transfusion supports patients with severe neutropenia. Maintaining a pool of eligible donors and optimizing donation frequency are essential for ensuring an adequate supply while safeguarding donor well‐being. This study investigates the impact of donation frequency on erythrogram parameters, focusing on sex‐specific differences.Study Design and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 343 successive granulocyte collections from 65 apheresis donors over 11 years (2012–2023). Donors were categorized by sex, and erythrogram parameters were analysed in relation to donation frequency and intervals.ResultsFrequent donations within a short inter‐donation interval (≥3 in 14 days) affected subsequent pre‐donation haemoglobin levels. Each additional donation within 14 days led to a decrease of 0.81 g/dL in haemoglobin (p = 0.017). A significant interaction between sex and donations within 14 days (β = 0.76, p = 0.018) indicated that frequent donations had a more pronounced negative effect on haemoglobin levels in female donors. The proportion of donations meeting the pre‐donation haemoglobin eligibility criteria declined with each successive donation within 14 days (100% at first, 85.8% at second, 25% at third). Female donors showed a significant haemoglobin reduction over three donations within 14 days (13.4–11.6 g/dL, p = 0.005) compared to males (14.4 –14 g/dL, p = 0.95).ConclusionShort inter‐donation intervals have a more pronounced negative effect on pre‐donation haemoglobin levels in female donors, underscoring the need for individualized donation guidelines to ensure donor safety.
A MINI REVIEW ON THE EFFECTS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN MICROFIUIDICS CHANNELS
Authors: Mohamed Rijal Muhammad Luqman , Mohamed Yusof Azmi , Mohamed Noor Rizal , Zubair Ahmad Faiz 
Published: December 2024

The effects of surface roughness at low Reynolds numbers are more pronounced and critical in microchannels due to the relative size of roughness to channel dimensions. Surface roughness in microfluidic channels originates from the machining process during fabrication. This review examines how surface roughness, resulting from various manufacturing processes, influences the performance of microfluidic devices. Different patterns of surface roughness generated through techniques such as photolithography, etching, precision machining, and 3D printing are highlighted. These techniques yield distinct surface characteristics that affect critical microchannel properties, including fluid flow, pressure drop, and stress distribution. In addition to that, specific fabrication methods can minimize surface roughness, enhancing the performance of microchannels for applications in diagnostics, lab-on-a-chip systems, and small-scale heat exchangers are addressed. The review provides insights into selecting optimal fabrication techniques to achieve desired performance characteristics in microfluidic devices.
CFD ANALYSIS ON DART PAPERPLANE
Authors: Sharudin Hazim , Ismail N. I. , Basri M. Hisyam , Jamiri Nur Afizah 
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the aerodynamic performances surrounding paper planes. The dart paper plane model was chosen for this work based on the availability of experimental work done by previous researchers. The dart paper plane can be categorized as one of the micro air vehicles (MAV), however, the basic aerodynamic performances have been underestimated by previous researchers and are still open to be explored. In this work, a CFD simulation study on the dart paper plane was utilized by using the ANSYS-CFX module platform. A steady state, incompressible flow Navier-Stokes equation (RANS) combined with the Shear Stress Turbulence (SST) model was used to analyze the flow structure over the dart paper planes. Experimental data availability is used to compare experimental and our simulation results. Based on the validation work, the highest average percentage difference between CLmagnitude, CLmax, and AOAstall between our results and the experimental ones is 11.9%, 29.5%, and 24.2%. However, overall CL trends similarly exhibited with experimental results since the average percentage difference of CLincre magnitude is continuously reduced from 6.48% to 0.9% towards increment of AOA. For drag performance analysis, the overall trend magnitude distribution of our simulation and experimental results consistently increases towards the increment of AOA. The massive CD distribution had overcome the consecutive CL generation, thus decreasing the overall CL/CDmax magnitude.
The radial symmetry of minimizers to the p$p$ weighted Dirichlet energy in R3$\mathbb {R}^3$
Authors: Kalaj David 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLet and be annuli in . Let , and assume that is the class of Sobolev homeomorphisms of onto . Then, we consider the following Dirichlet‐type energy of :
We prove that this energy integral attains its minimum for and , and the minimum is a certain radial diffeomorphism .For general , we minimize the Dirichlet‐type integral throughout the class of radial mappings between given annuli, and this minimum always exists for . For , the image annulus cannot be too thick, which is opposite to the Nitsche‐type phenomenon known for the standard Dirichlet energy, where the image annulus cannot be too thin.
Explicit bounds on the coefficients of modular polynomials and the size of X0(N)$X_0(N)$
Authors: Breuer Florian , Gijón Gómez Desirée , Pazuki Fabien 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe give explicit upper and lower bounds on the size of the coefficients of the modular polynomials for the elliptic ‐function. These bounds make explicit the best previously known asymptotic bounds. We then give an explicit version of Silverman's Hecke points estimates. Finally, we give an asymptotic comparison between the Faltings height of the modular curve and the height of the modular polynomial .
Dysregulation of neural tube vascular development as an aetiological factor in autism spectrum disorder: Insights from valproic acid exposure
Authors: Manzo Jorge , Hernández‐Aguilar María Elena , Toledo‐Cárdenas María Rebeca , Herrera‐Covarrubias Deissy , Coria‐Avila Genaro A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition affecting a substantial number of children globally, characterized by diverse aetiologies, including genetic and environmental factors. Emerging research suggests that neurovascular dysregulation during development could significantly contribute to autism. This review synthesizes the potential role of vascular abnormalities in the pathogenesis of ASD and explores insights from studies on valproic acid (VPA) exposure during neural tube development. VPA, a widely used antiepileptic drug and mood stabilizer, crosses the placental barrier and impacts the developing fetal brain. Studies indicate that VPA disrupts normal angiogenesis by reducing the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and its receptors, and purinergic signalling, which are crucial for both vascular and neural development. Such disruptions may lead to abnormalities in neuronal migration and pathfinding, potentially contributing to the neural and behavioural manifestations of ASD. Thus despite the relatively limited findings, improper vascularization of the neural tube appears to be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of ASD, as also suggested by VPA studies. Integrating these insights, it is hypothesized that vascular factors should be considered in the aetiological analysis of idiopathic autism.
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