bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Human Vocation and the Question of the Earth: Karoline von Günderrode’s Philosophy of Nature
Authors: Nassar Dalia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractContra widespread readings of Karoline von Günderrode’s 1805 “Idea of the Earth (Idee der Erde)” as a creative adaptation of Schelling’s philosophy of nature, this article proposes that “Idea of the Earth” furnishes a moral account of the human relation to the natural world, one which does not map onto any of the more well-known romantic or idealist accounts of the human-nature relation. Specifically, I argue that “Idea of the Earth” responds to the great Enlightenment question concerning the human vocation, but from a distinctive romantic-idealist angle. I begin by demonstrating the influence of Fichte’s 1800Vocation of Humanityon Günderrode’s thinking, which involves an investigation of both Fichte’s text and Günderrode’s critical response to it. I then turn to “Idea of the Earth” where I analyse Günderrode’s understanding of nature and the self in light of her critique of Fichte, and thereby distinguish her position from Fichte’s and from the position espoused by her fellow romantics and idealists. By reading “Idea of the Earth” alongside Fichte’s text and Günderrode’s remarks on it, this article sheds new light on both Günderrode’s understanding and defence ofNaturphilosophie – against Fichte’s critique of it – and her distinctive contribution to romantic philosophies of nature.
Dimensions of Pleasure: A first Detailed Reconstruction of Plato’s ‘Tyrant Number’
Authors: Poetsch Christoph 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn book IX of theRepublic,Socrates offers a strange mathematical calculation, which claims to prove that the tyrant lives exactly 729 times less pleasantly than the king. For the first time, a complete and detailed reconstruction of this difficult text and its underlying structure is offered in the present article. It thereby proves that the distinction between ‘pleasure’ and the ‘image of pleasure’ is one among the keys to understanding the passage. It is furthermore shown how the whole calculation is based on Plato’s ontology of dimensions and therefore proves that this theorem can be taken into account at least already for the time of theRepublic.
Verfügbarkeitsanalyse verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen durch stochastische Zustandsmodellierung unterschiedlicher Instandhaltungsstrategien
Authors: Markaj Artan , Fay Alexander 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Verfügbarkeit einer verfahrenstechnischen Anlage kann durch die frühzeitige Auswahl geeigneter Anlagenkomponenten und die Entwicklung eines effektiven Instandhaltungskonzepts positiv beeinflusst werden. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine Methode zur Abschätzung der Anlagenverfügbarkeit für unterschiedliche Instandhaltungsstrategien in verfahrenstechnischen Anlagen aufgezeigt. Die Methode basiert auf der Kombination von Fehlermöglichkeits- und -einflussanalysen (FMEA), stochastischen Zustandsautomaten sowie Monte-Carlo-Simulationen. Aus den FMEA werden automatisiert stochastische Zustandsautomaten für die verfahrenstechnischen Anlagenkomponenten erzeugt, die in einem nachfolgenden Schritt zu einem gemeinsamen Anlagenmodell verknüpft werden. Durch die Auswahl unterschiedlicher Instandhaltungsmaßnahmen aus der FMEA lassen sich individuelle Zustandsautomaten der Anlagenkomponenten erzeugen. In einer zufallsbasierten Simulation werden die Anlagenmodelle hinsichtlich ihrer Anlagenverfügbarkeit untersucht und verschiedene Instandhaltungsstrategien miteinander verglichen.
Echtzeitfähige Planung optimierter Trajektorien für sensorgeführte, kinematisch redundante Robotersysteme auf einer Industriesteuerung
Authors: Schütz Stefan , Rüting Arne , Henke Christian , Trächtler Ansgar 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Automatisierung von Fertigungsabläufen in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen erfordert Anlagen, die sich zur Produktion kleiner Stückzahlen bis Losgröße 1 automatisch an variierende Werkstücke und Bearbeitungspositionen anpassen. Zur Bearbeitung großer Bauteile werden dabei auf externen Positioniersystemen angebrachte Industrieroboter verwendet. Die damit einhergehende kinematische Redundanz des gesamten Bewegungssystems wird genutzt, um die Bewegungen des Endeffektors optimiert bezüglich verschiedener Gütekriterien zu gestalten. Die dabei erforderliche Bewegungsoptimierung muss echtzeitfähig implementiert und online auf speicherprogrammierbaren Steuerungen ausführbar sein. Dies ermöglicht den Einsatz der Anlage als flexibles Fertigungssystem im Hinblick auf eine kundenindividuelle Variantenfertigung und gewährleistet damit die industrielle Akzeptanz. Der Beitrag stellt den Anwendungsfall des Bahnschweißens vor, in dem zuvor offline geplante Schweißbahnen mit vorgegebener Prozessgeschwindigkeit durchfahren werden sollen. Die Redundanz des Systems wird zur Vermeidung von Singularitäten genutzt. Ferner wird der Abstand zwischen robotergeführtem Werkzeug und dem Werkstück sensiert, sodass die Bewegungen entlang der Werkzeugbahn online geregelt und prozessbedingte Abweichungen kompensiert werden können.
The heart’s downward path to happiness: cross-cultural diversity in spatial metaphors of affect
Authors: Wnuk Ewelina , Ito Yuma 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Spatial metaphors of affect display remarkable consistencies across languages in mapping sensorimotor experiences onto emotional states, reflecting a great degree of similarity in how our bodies register affect. At the same time, however, affect is complex and there is more than a single possible mapping from vertical spatial concepts to affective states. Here we consider a previously unreported case of spatial metaphors mapping down onto desirable, and up undesirable emotional experiences in Mlabri, an Austroasiatic language of Thailand and Laos, making a novel contribution to the study of metaphor and Cognitive Linguistics. Using first-hand corpus and elicitation data, we examine the metaphorical expressions: klol jur ‘heart going down’ and klol khɯn ‘heart going up’/klol kɔbɔ jur ‘heart not going down’. Though reflecting a metaphorical mapping opposite to the commonly reported happy is up metaphor, which is said to link to universal bodily correlates of emotion, the Mlabri metaphors are far from idiosyncratic. Rather, they are grounded in the bodily experience of positive low-arousal states, and in that reflect an emic view of ideal affect centered on contentment and tranquility. This underscores the complexity of bodily experience of affect, demonstrating that cultures draw on the available sensorimotor correlates of emotion in distinct ways.
Identification for adulteration of beef with chicken based on single primer-triggered isothermal amplification
Authors: Chen Jiao , Zhang Pansong , Wang Haixia , Shi Yanjing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Adulteration of beef with cheap chicken has become a growing problem worldwide. In this study, a quick, single primer-triggered isothermal amplification (SAMP) combined with a fast nucleic acid extraction method was employed to detect the chicken meat in adulterated beef. Chicken from adulterated beef was identified using the chicken species-specific primer designed according to the Gallus gallus mitochondrial conserved sequences. Our SAMP method displayed good specificity and sensitivity in detecting chicken and beef meat DNA–the limit of detection (LOD) of SAMP is 0.33 pg/μL of chicken and beef total DNA and 2% w/w chicken meat in beef. The whole work flow from DNA extraction to signal detection can be finished within 1 h, fulfilling the requirement of on-site meat species identification.
Study on the coupling calculation model of dump flooding in Hala-hatang fracture-cavity reservoir
Authors: Xiao Yang , Yin Fei , Zhang Liying , Jiang Tongwen , Luo Shenchao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The dump flooding technology comes from offshore oil fields. It is necessary to increase the production of oil by water injection when fracture-cavity reservoirs in Xinjiang enter their middle and later stages. Lack of water sources in the desert area and the presence of heavy upper water layers encourage further research into the application of this technology. The dump flooding technology can eliminate the need for specialized injection wells and reduce the consumption of oil fields in the surface water sources, which may significantly aid in the development of the local economy and environment. In China, the research on dump flooding is still in its preliminary phase. Hence, there is no complete flow model for gravity flow and no optimization design software to optimize the development effect. This article sets up a flow model of a water layer-well-fracture unit by key local nodes. The key nodes, such as some perforating water layer, the bullet hole or the water valve, were simulated using the COMSOL software. The flow equations of each node were coupled together for the system-wide flow coupling model to verify the whole system by the numerical simulation, which needs Eclipse to run. The results of the research can be used to predict the water injection rates and formation pressures, and also provide a reference and a basis for the optimal design of water injection.
Improvement of substation Monitoring aimed to improve its efficiency with the help of Big Data Analysis**
Authors: Yu Ruiling , Asif Ikbal Mohammad , Rahman Abdul 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Data analysis has become most widespread field of research and it has extended in almost every field of study. Considering the recent trends and developments in the field of communication and information technology, there is a scope of combining the monitoring of substation equipment with big data analysis technology. That will result in an improved data analysis ability, information sharing and utilization rate of monitoring data. In the proposed work, the authors have introduced the big data analysis and its corresponding application in the monitoring of substations. Basic concepts and the procedures of the typical data analysis for general problems are also discussed. As a main part of the paper, different types of distributed data analysis techniques have been proposed, in which two relational online analysis, namely Hive and Impala and one H Base multidimensional online analysis are important. These data analysis techniques are proposed considering the analysis efficiency, storage performance from the business development requirements point of view of the substation. The result obtained depicts that the proposed model has an advantage in storage overhead and roll-up performance, when compared with the traditional method, although the data loading speed is approximately 1.7–1.9 times of the traditional model. Some experiments are carried out in order to verify the validity of the model.
Effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment and bio-electromagnetic energy regulation therapy on lower back pain
Authors: Auger Kyle , Shedlock Gregory , Coutinho Kasey , Myers Nicole E. , Lorenzo Santiago 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
Lower back pain (LBP) is prevalent and is a leading contributor to disease burden worldwide. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) can alleviate alterations in the body that leads to musculoskeletal disorders such as LBP. Bio-electromagnetic Energy Regulation (BEMER; BEMER International AG), which has also been shown to relieve musculoskeletal pain, is a therapeutic modality that deploys a biorhythmically defined stimulus through a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF). Therefore, it is possible that combined OMT and BEMER therapy could reduce low back pain in adults more than the effect of either treatment modality alone.

Objectives
To investigate the individual and combined effects of OMT and BEMER therapy on LBP in adults.

Methods
Employees and students at a medical college were recruited to this study by email. Participants were included if they self-reported chronic LBP of 3 months’ duration or longer; participants were excluded if they were experiencing acute LBP of 2 weeks’ duration or less, were currently being treated for LBP, were pregnant, or had a known medical history of several conditions. Ultimately, 40 participants were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: an OMT only, BEMER only, OMT+BEMER, or control (light touch and sham). Treatments were given regularly over a 3 week period. Data on LBP and quality of life were gathered through the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Short Form 12 item (SF-12) health survey, and Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire/Oswestry Disability Index prior to treatment and immediately after the 3 week intervention protocol. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed retrospectively and absolute changes for each participant were calculated. Normal distribution and equal variances were confirmed by Shapiro–Wilk test (p>0.05) and Brown-Forsythe, respectively. Significance was set at p<0.05.

Results
Despite a lack of statistical significance between groups, subjective reports of pain reported on the VAS showed a substantial mean percentage decrease (50.8%) from baseline in the OMT+BEMER group, compared with a 10.2% decrease in the OMT-only and 9.8% in BEMER-only groups when comparing the difference in VAS ratings from preintervention to postintervention. Participants also reported in quality of life assessed on the Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire/Oswestry Disability Index, with the OMT+BEMER group showing a decrease of 30.3% in score, the most among all groups. The OMT+BEMER group also reported the greatest improvement in score in the physical component of the SF-12, with an increase of 21.8%.

Conclusions
The initial data from this study shows a potential additive effect of combination therapy (OMT and BEMER) for management of LBP, though the results did not achieve statistical significance.
Precocious sexual development in a male toddler caused by unrecognized transdermal exposure to testosterone: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Azova Svetlana , Wolfsdorf Joseph 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Exogenous exposure to transdermal testosterone is often overlooked as a cause of precocious sexual development in children.

Case presentation
A 16-month-old male presented for a second opinion consultation before commencing treatment with bicalutamide and anastrozole for a presumptive diagnosis of familial gonadotropin-independent male-limited sexual precocity. Enlargement of the penis was first observed at four months of age. The initial evaluation showed isolated elevation of his plasma testosterone level; however, by 16 months, his testosterone level was prepubertal and no pathogenic variants in the LHC
GR gene were identified. The history revealed that his grandfather, who had cared for him regularly in the first year of life, had used testosterone gel for treatment of hypogonadism.

Conclusions
Despite the 2009 “black box” warning issued by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding potential consequences of transdermal testosterone exposure to women and children, this continues to be an important cause of sexual precocity in children. Children are often subjected to unnecessary and costly evaluation before this exposure is recognized, underscoring the importance of obtaining a thorough medical, family, and social history tailored to the differential diagnosis.
Improvement of the passive efficiency calibration of the segmented gamma scanner
Authors: Hou S. , Luo J. , Yang C. , Zhang W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Segmented Gamma Scanner(SGS) technology is specially used for type identification and activity quantitative analysis of radioactive material in sealed containers, which mainly divided into the transmission measurement and the emission measurement. In actual measurement process, it cannot meet the need for rapid analysis because the efficiency calibration time takes up more than 60% of the whole detect time in the data analysis. Whereas most previous research have focused on theory or specific applications, this research groups aim to different aspects of the SGS technique and direct it at an audience with interests in the need for rapid analysis. The Monte Carlo simulation calculation models were established by the passive efficiency calibration method, and then the detection efficiency database was carried out based on the experimental verification. Lots of work was used to analysis the influence of crosstalk between layers and interpolation step. Furthermore, the database was implanted into the control and analysis system to complete the measurement experiments. The results show the measuring time of single waste drums is about 30 min, and the average relative deviation is less than 10%, so the problem that the time taken to calibrate the detection efficiency is too long has been solved effectively. The efficiency in the use of SGS technology has been increased.
Ultrathin, broadband, omnidirectional, and polarization-independent infrared absorber using all-dielectric refractory materials
Authors: Ruan Xiangyu , Dai Wei , Wang Wenqiang , Ou Chunhui , Xu Qianqian , Zhou Ziji , Wen Zhengji , Liu Chang , Hao Jiaming , Guan Zhiqiang , Xu Hongxing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Broadband long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) optical absorbers have important applications in thermal emission and imaging, infrared camouflaging, and waste heat and biothermal energy utilization. However, the practical application of broadband LWIR optical absorbers requires low-cost and facile fabrication of large-area structures with limited thickness. This paper reports the design and fabrication of an ultrathin, broadband, omnidirectional, and polarization-independent LWIR optical absorber composed of anodized aluminum oxide and highly doped Si using the gradient refractive index strategy. The average absorption of the broadband optical absorber is higher than 95% in the 8–15 μm wavelength range, and it has wide incident angle and polarization tolerances. More than 95% of the optical energy in the wavelength range from 8 to 13 μm was absorbed within a depth of 8 μm, making this absorber the thinnest broadband LWIR dielectric absorber so far. The absorption remained above 90% after annealing at 800 °C in air. The infrared camouflage of the proposed absorber was successfully demonstrated with a human body background. With the advantages of facile fabrication, low-cost materials, restricted absorption thickness, and excellent thermal stability, the developed broadband LWIR optical absorber is very promising for the practical applications mentioned above.
Party, State, Civil Society and Covid-19 in China
Authors: Sidel Mark , Hu Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In China, the story of Covid-19 and the relationship between government and civil society is not a sharp break from the past. China has long guided and controlled the development of civil society organizations, and that has not changed in the Covid era. Instead, the Covid era is a story of a continuation in restrictive policy, and responses to Covid have utilized those existing policies and regulatory framework rather than developing new policies for the Covid era. The Chinese story may thus somewhat different from others in this special issue. China is certainly not a story of, in the words of our issue editors, when “pluralist and social democratic visions fade.” The Chinese Party-state’s permission for the reemergence of some kinds of civil society organizations in China since the early 1980s has never been marked by pluralist and social democratic visions. Instead, it has been marked by Party and state control, and clear choices on what kinds of organizations to facilitate and which kinds to repress. That control-based framework has accelerated since the current administration came into office in 2012. Covid has neither upset that restrictive framework nor substantially altered it. Instead, the framework of differentiation and constraint employed by the Chinese state has adapted, in some ways, to the need to control Covid and to control public mobilization on it and against the Party-state. In this brief article we outline the framework of differentiation and constraint that the Chinese Party-state uses to control the Chinese nonprofit sector, and mention a few ways in which that framework has been used in the Covid era.
High-Frequency Trading and Systemic Risk: A Structured Review of Findings and Policies
Authors: Sánchez Serrano Antonio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA wider use of technology has contributed to the rapid growth of trading in stock markets in the last decades, resulting in an increase in the number of participants and a sharp decline in the price of information. High-frequency trading could be seen as a manifestation of this development. A review of the main findings in the academic literature leads to the identification of four main systemic vulnerabilities related to high-frequency trading: (i) adverse selection in orders, with the potential of crowding-out non-HFT market makers in times of stress; (ii) correlation of positions and herd behaviour; (iii) market power that, via technological costs, may impose barriers to entry; and (iv) negative contribution, in some circumstances, to price discovery. The first vulnerability could create systemic risk and several scholars have discussed the introduction of a limit in the speed of trading to address it. This could also contribute to reduce market power of high-frequency traders and over-investment in information technologies. Despite intense research efforts, further data and research is still needed to better understand these vulnerabilities and the adequacy of policies to address them.
On how to legitimately constrain a semantic theory
Authors: Gimeno-Simó Joan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSemanticists often restrict their theories by imposing constraints on the parameters that can be employed for interpreting the expressions of a language. Such constraints are based on non-logical features of actual contexts of utterance, but they often have important effects on issues that do pertain to logic, like analyticity or entailment. For example, Kaplan’s restriction to so-called “proper contexts” was required in order to count “I am here now” as valid. In this paper I argue that constraints of this kind are often posited in an arbitrary and non-consistent way, and that they yield the intended results only at the price of imposingad hocprinciples whose justification could in turn justify further, often undesirable restrictions into the theory. I also introduce a criterion for telling whether such constraints are imposed in a legitimate manner.
Metaphilosophical metamorphoses of analytic philosophy of language
Authors: Szubka Tadeusz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper begins with an account of the emergence of analytic philosophy of language in the twentieth century in the context of the development of logic and the linguistic turn. Subsequently, it describes two examples of analytic philosophy of language in its heyday when the discipline was conceived as first philosophy. Finally, it provides, by way of conclusion, a succinct outline of the current state of philosophy of language, marked by modesty and fragmentation. It is claimed that even if one retains optimism about the prospects of philosophy of language in the first century of the new millennium, it would be unreasonable to disagree with the opinion that the present-day philosophy of language is a highly specialized and diversified discipline and no longer so central for philosophical enterprise as it used to be.