bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Groundstate finite-size corrections and dilogarithm identities for the twisted

A1(1)

,

A2(1)

and

A2(2)

models
Authors: Morin-Duchesne Alexi , Klümper Andreas , Pearce Paul A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We consider the Y-systems satisfied by the

A

1

(

1

)

,

A

2

(

1

)

,

A

2

(

2

)

vertex and loop models at roots of unity with twisted boundary conditions on the cylinder. The vertex models are the 6-, 15- and Izergin–Korepin 19-vertex models respectively. The corresponding loop models are the dense, fully packed and dilute Temperley–Lieb loop models respectively. For all three models, our focus is on roots of unity values of e
iλ
with the crossing parameter λ corresponding to the principal and dual series of these models. Converting the known functional equations to nonlinear integral equations in the form of thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations, we solve the Y-systems for the finite-size

1

N

corrections to the groundstate eigenvalue following the methods of Klümper and Pearce. The resulting expressions for c − 24Δ, where c is the central charge and Δ is the conformal weight associated with the groundstate, are simplified using various dilogarithm identities. Our analytic results are in agreement with previous results obtained by different methods.
The influence of gurney flap to the stability of formula car rear wing with simulation
Authors: Yoanita Y Venti , Pinindriya S T , Kumolosari E , Gilang P Bayu , Didik R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The rear wing on the racing car is used to maintain the vehicle’s stability when driving at high velocity. However, in reality when a racing car runs at high velocity, it does not function optimally because of the maximum limit of compressive force generated. Therefore, modifications of the rear wing are needed to increase the compressive force. The common modification is varying the number and shape of the spoilers or change the angle of attack. This study used a single spoiler variation with the addition of gurney flap attached to the rear wing spoiler. The addition of gurney flap was expected to improve the aerodynamic performance, resulting the greater downforce. This study was conducted with a simulation using Solidwork 2018 student version. The variations applied were rear wings using gurney flap and without gurney flap at velocity of 25 m/s, 50 m/s and 88.89 m/s. The results of the variation of gurney flap addition on the rear wing produced a greater variety of downforce based on the value of the resulting lift coefficient. As velocity increased, the pressure and the coefficient lift were also increased. The effect were the greater the compressive force so as the stability was increased.
Students’ mathematical representation ability in Kudus local wisdom-based Open-Ended Learning
Authors: Ulya Himmatul , Rahayu Ratri 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research examines the effectiveness of Kudus local wisdom-based open-ended learning to improve learners’ mathematical representation ability. This research was done in the third grade during the even semester. This research is quantitative with several stages, such as promoting the preliminary study, planning, and implementing. This research used a nonequivalent control group design. The applied technique of collecting data was the test technique. The techniques of analyzing the data consisted of a test of minimum standard mastery achievements, an average difference test, and an N-gain test. The findings showed that (1) the learners’ mathematical representation ability reached the minimum standard mastery, (2) the average mathematical representation ability of the learners were better than those taught conventionally, and (3) the mathematical representation ability were improved.
A Review of Methods for The Image Automatic Annotation
Authors: Adnan Myasar Mundher , Rahim Mohd Shafry Mohd , Hasan ali Mohammed , Al-Jawaheri Karrar , Neamah Karrar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, image annotation has attracted extensive attention due to the explosive growth of image data. Large amount of researches on AIA have been proposed, mainly including classification-based methods and probabilistic modeling methods. In this paper, a detailed study on state-of-the-art of image annotation was presented devoted to a detailed study of image annotation methods. Differences between manual, semi-automatic and automatic annotation were completely distinguished. The criteria for evaluating annotation systems are also presented in this study. In conclusion, a synthesis of methods of automatic image annotation were shown by presenting the pros and cons of each. This synthesis allowed us to examine our choice for automatic image annotation and the importance of integrating user feedback and a semantic. Finally, we participated in our perspective on the issues and challenges in AIA as well as research tendency in the future.
Study of Thermal Conductivity and Hardness Test of Carbon Black / Polymer Micro Composite
Authors: Zweid Muntadher N. , Ubaid Ahmed Q. , Kamas Abbas S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this research studied of Thermal Conductivity and Hardness Test of Carbon Black / Polymer Micro Composite at different weights ratios were studied. Five samples were prepared for Carbon black with epoxy resin, where the percentages of carbon black ranged between 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The mechanical properties of hardness test that the values of hardness for Carbon black decreasing with increased ratios of additive compared to the case of pure epoxy. For thermal conductivity coefficient (K), the results that values for Carbon black increased by increasing the ratios additive compared to pure epoxy.
Simultaneous Optimization of Laser Energy and Coating Thickness in Surface Alloying of Al with Fe
Authors: Abdullah M. , Bakar M. A. A. , Shaharin M. S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the two-step deposition technique of the laser surface alloying process, the alloying elements are introduced onto the bulk material’s surface. In such process, two main parameters determine the alloying quality: the thickness of the coating and the laser energy supplied onto the specimen. In this work, the laser surface alloying of aluminium (Al) with iron (Fe) is carried out by optimizing both parameters. This is accomplished by assessing the improvement in the hardness after laser treatment. In general, the thicker coating desires higher laser energy to cause surface melting and sequentially diffusion of Fe into molten Al to occur. This is indicated by the linear relationship between the thicknesses for the peak hardness value with the laser energy whereby the optimum energy shifted to higher energy for a thicker coating. The increase in laser energy increases Fe particle’s chance to migrate via diffusion into the bulk Al substrate. However, at 140μm the optimized energy reaches a peak value at 455mJ which is the maximum energy to be supplied in this process before the coating is lost due to excessive ablation. For thicker coatings, the laser’s action does not penetrate enough onto the substrate to cause sufficient melting of the Al surface for alloy formation. The maximum hardness obtained was 40.8 HV at the optimum condition for 140μm thickness treated with 455 mJ. The formation of an alloyed compound is further confirmed by x-ray diffraction technique whereby compounds such as AlFe, Al13Fe4, and AlFe6Si are present in the treated specimens.
A Review on Copy-Move Image Forgery Detection Techniques
Authors: Khudhair Zaid Nidhal , Mohamed Farhan , Kadhim Karrar A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith billions of digital images flooding the internet which are widely used and regards as the major information source in many fields in recent years. With the high advance of technology, it may seem easy to fraud the image. In digital images, copy-move forgery is the most common image tampering, where some object(s) or region(s) duplicate in the digital image. The important research has attracted more attention in digital forensic is forgery detection and localization. Many techniques have been proposed and many papers have been published to detect image forgery. This paper introduced a review of research papers on copy-move image forgery published in reputed journals from 2017 to 2020 and focused on discussing various strategies related with fraud images to highlight on the latest tools used in the detection. This article will help the researchers to understand the current algorithms and techniques in this field and ultimately develop new and more efficient algorithms of detection copy-move image.
Mechanisms, Severity and Ignitability Factors, Explosibility Testing Method, Explosion Severity Characteristics, and Damage Control for Dust Explosion: A Concise Review
Authors: Khudhur Dheyaa Ashour , Ali Mohamad Wijayanuddin , Abdullah Tuan Amran Tuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The explosion of dust particles poses significant risks to the health and safety of humans working in process industries such as mining, energy, and manufacturing. A dust explosion is the rapid deflagration of particles in a large volume of air or gaseous oxidants. Since industrial dust explosions can occur in any plant equipment or environment, it is crucial to identify, examine and highlight the highly probable sources and risk areas for dust cloud formation and ignition along with damage control measures. Therefore, the paper presents a concise review of the various combustion classifications of dust along with the mechanisms of dust explosion, ignitability factors, and severity characteristics, explosibility testing methods, and damage control measures. Dust is broadly classified according to its explosive value, which indicates that its moisture, particle size, dust concentration, oxidant concentration, and turbulence are crucial to a dust explosion. Furthermore, the dust explosion mechanism reveals that dust particles undergo explosion when confined and or mixed oxidants, ignition sources or heat as described in the “explosive pentagon” concept. To address the risks posed by dust explosions, reduce ignitions and the severity of these hazards, numerous testing methods have been proposed or developed. The most notable characteristics of explosion severity are the maximum explosion overpressure (Pmax), maximum rate of pressure rise (dp/dt) max, dust deflagration index (Kst), and minimum explosibility concentration (MEC). Likewise, the measures for containing, isolating, suppressing, and venting the effects of dust explosion were also highlighted in detail. In conclusion, the review highlighted the role of the particles and dust clouds and the need to identify and highlight the sources of dust explosion that pose risks to human health and safety in the industry.
Distinct optical response of colloidal gold-cinnamon nanocomposites: Role of pH sensitization
Authors: Salim A A , Ghoshal S K , Danmallam I M , Sazali E S , Krishnan G , Aziz M S , Bakhtiar H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nanocomposites (NCPs) with excellent physical, chemical and optical properties have been broadly used for commercial products and industrial applications. Based on these features of the NCPs, we prepared colloidal gold (Au) and organic cinnamon (Cin) NCPs by laser irradiated Au and Cin targets separately immersed in glass container fulfilled with different pH solutions (5.0 to 8.0). A Q-switched pulse laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique was employed to customize morphology, structural and optical characteristics of these grown nanoparticles inside various pH solutions at room temperature. Colloidal solution of gold-cinnamon nanocomposites (Au-Cin NCPs) was characterized via Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometer and CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram. TEM image and SAED patters revealed spherical shaped Au-Cin NCPs with a particle diameters of 5.19 ± 1.23 nm and a nanocrystalline face centred cubic (FCC) nucleation. These plasmonic Au-Cin NCPs very strong UV-Vis absorbance bands at (270 nm and 522 nm) and CIE color coordinate (color temperature of 6437.001 K and color purity of 11.9130 %). It is established that the PLAL made-up Au-embedded Cin NCPs may be useful for the formulation of nanobiomedicine drugs.
Bioinspired buckling of scaled skins
Authors: Shafiei Ali , Pro J William , Barthelat Francois 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Natural flexural armors combine hard, discrete scales attached to soft tissues, providing unique combinations of surface hardness (for protection) and flexibility (for unimpeded motion). Scaled skins are now inspiring synthetic protective materials which offer attractive properties, but which still suffer from limited trade-offs between flexibility and protection. In particular, bending a scaled skin with the scales on the intrados side jams the scales and stiffen the system significantly, which is not desirable in systems like gloves where scales must cover the palm side. Nature appears to have solved this problem by creating scaled skins that can form wrinkles and folds, a very effective mechanism to accommodate large bending deformations and to maintain flexural compliance. This study is inspired from these observations: we explored how rigid scales on a soft membrane can buckle and fold in a controlled way. We examined the energetics of buckling and stability of different buckling modes using a combination of discrete element modeling and experiments. In particular, we demonstrate how scales can induce a stable mode II buckling, which is required for the formation of wrinkles and which could increase the overall flexural compliance and agility of bioinspired protective elements.
Environmental and health consequences of shore power for vessels calling at major ports in India
Authors: Lathwal Priyank , Vaishnav Parth , Morgan M Granger 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
To reduce local air pollution, many ports in developed countries require berthed ships to use shore-based electricity instead of burning diesel to meet their electricity requirement for loads such as lights, cargo-handling equipment, and air conditioning. The benefits of this strategy in developing countries remain understudied. Based on government data for all major ports in India, we find that switching from high-sulfur fuel to shore power reduces hoteling emissions of particulate matter (PM2.5) by 88%; SO2 by 39%; NO
x
by 85%; but increases CO2 emissions by 12%. Switching from low-sulfur fuel reduces hoteling emissions of PM2.5 by 46% and NO
x
by 84% but increases SO2 emissions by 240% and CO2 emissions by 17%. The lifetime cost savings from the switch to electricity are $73 M for high-sulfur fuel and $370 M for low-sulfur fuel. We estimate that switching from high-sulfur fuel to shore power might avoid at most a couple of dozen premature deaths each year, whereas switching from low-sulfur fuel could lead to a slight increase in premature mortality. Therefore, policymakers must first clean up power generation for shore power to be a viable strategy to improve air quality in Indian port cities.
Capacity of trace decreasing quantum operations and superadditivity of coherent information for a generalized erasure channel
Authors: Filippov Sergey N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Losses in quantum communication lines severely affect the rates of reliable information transmission and are usually considered to be state-independent. However, the loss probability does depend on the system state in general, with the polarization dependent losses being a prominent example. Here we analyze biased trace decreasing quantum operations that assign different loss probabilities to states and introduce the concept of a generalized erasure channel. We find lower and upper bounds for the classical and quantum capacities of the generalized erasure channel as well as characterize its degradability and antidegradability. We reveal superadditivity of coherent information in the case of the polarization dependent losses, with the difference between the two-letter quantum capacity and the single-letter quantum capacity exceeding 7.197 × 10−3 bits per qubit sent, the greatest value among qubit-input channels reported so far.
Toxicity potential of automobile carbon monoxide emission along a majour highway in Sango-Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Elehinafe F B , Uzuana S D , Odunlami O A , Mamudu A O , Ayeni A O , Okedere O B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the toxicity potential of carbon monoxide along a major highway in Sango-Ota, an emerging city, in Nigeria. Ambient air carbon monoxide was monitored and measured at ten different locations using the GM8805 benetech carbon monoxide monitor. Coca-Cola junction was selected as the control location for this study. The 1-hr averaging period measured for carbon monoxide concentrations within the selected locations ranged between 25.2 ppm and 29.3 ppm while at the control point, it was measured to be 8 ppm. The extrapolated 8-hr averaging period for carbon monoxide concentration ranged between 14.076 ppm and 16.366 ppm with the concentration at the control point being at 4.4688 ppm. The extrapolated 24-hr averaging period for carbon monoxide concentration ranged between 10.357 ppm and 12.042 ppm with the concentration at the control point being 3.288 ppm. An assessment of toxicity potential of these locations based on Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and World Health Organization (WHO) statutory limits were all above unity (one) except at the control location and this poses as a threat to human lives. These values showed unhealthy air conditions at these regions of the emerging city. This study establishes that traffic congestions contribute significantly to the ambient air thereby reducing its quality thus calls for the attention of regulatory bodies to rise to protection of commuters and businessmen along the major highways in emerging cities in Nigeria.
Blockchain for Healthcare Sector-Analytical Review
Authors: Ali Abdu Nail Adeeb , Wang Zhaoshun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Blockchain is a collection of records and blocks that are integrated using cryptography. Every block consists of certain levels of cryptographic hash for the previous block in the form of a timestamp and the transaction data integral to the transaction record. The blockchain systems have currently used among the various set of industrial information networks. If effectively used, it shall help the system in having more secured levels of development. In this research review, the objective is to understand the gamut of blockchain implementation and to pursue the scope in the usage of the blockchain solutions in healthcare solutions. Review of the literature and data from the case scenario analysis throws light on a certain set of constraints and vulnerabilities of using the blockchain in healthcare which needs attention. Profoundly the constraints are about the quality of nodes verifying the blocks and the anomaly access of information from the blocks. By overcoming such constraints, there will be an improvement of effectiveness with which the system gets implemented.
Zhe role of zirconia additions on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr dental alloys
Authors: Dawood Nawal Mohammed , Al-Sultani Kadhim F , Jasim Hussein Hatem 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of zirconia addition with different percentages on Ni-Cr alloy using a powder metallurgy technique. The scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy is used to analyze the microstructure of Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-x ZrO2 (where x is 3, 6, 9 wt.%) alloys. The x-ray diffraction method is used to determine the phases for Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr/ZrO2 alloys. The corrosion and ion release tests were also achieved using potentiodynamic polarization and atomic absorption spectroscopy. According to the microstructural investigation, the results found that the Ni-Cr alloy’s grain size tends to reduce with the addition of ZrO2 with obtaining the smallest grain size with 6 wt.% addition. The potentiodynamic polarization exhibited that the modified alloys are more resistant to corrosion in the saliva medium than the Ni-Cr alloy. Furthermore, the role of ZrO2 in dissolution test shows the development in the passive layer’s resistance compared to unmodified alloys with reducing the Ni release from 2.5 ppm to 0.2 ppm. It can conclude that the addition of ZrO2 has significantly improved Ni-Cr’s biocompatibility and extend the area of implementations.
Enhancing the mechanical properties of natural jute yarn suitable for structural applications
Authors: Ashadujjaman Md. , Saifullah Abu , Shah Darshill U , Zhang Minglonghai , Akonda Mahmudul , Karim Nazmul , Sarker Forkan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractManufacturing natural-based high-performance composites are becoming of greater interest to the composite manufacturers and to their end-users due to their bio-degradability, low cost and availability. Yarn based textile architecture is commonly used in manufacturing these composites due to their excellent formability. However, for using natural based yarn as a reinforcing architecture in high load-bearing structural composite applications, a significant improvement in mechanical performance is required. Particularly, jute fibre yarn suffers from poor mechanical properties due to the presence of a fibrillar network, polysaccharides and other impurities in the fibre. For achieving this, we use aqueous glycine treatment (10%, W/V) on alkali(0.5 %, W/V) and untreated jute yarns for the first time. The glycine treatment on alkali-treated jute yarns (ATG) shows a huge improvement in tensile strength and strain values by almost ∼105% and ∼50 % respectively compared to untreated jute yarns (UT) because of the strong interactions and bonds developed between glycine, alkali and jute yarns. It is believed that the newly developed glycine treated jute yarns will be helpful to promote jute yarns in composite industries where load-bearing is the primary requirement and replace their synthetic counterparts.
Influence of component content on the properties of PSZN-PSNN-PSZT ceramics
Authors: Zhang Chong , Zheng Deyi , Luo Shun , Zhang Yi , Li Bo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, (Pb0.9Sr0.1)(Zn1/3Nb2/3)(0.06+x)(Ni1/3Nb2/3)0.16(Zr0.52Ti0.48)(0.78-x)O3 (PSZN-PSNN-PSZT, x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by traditional solid-state reaction method. The samples were studied on microstructure, phase structure, electrical properties and dielectric relaxation. All as-prepared PSZN-PSNN-PSZT ceramics present single phase of perovskite structure. Experimental results show that the variation trend of the R phase percentage content is consistent with the trend of d33. Also, increasing PSZN content will inhibit the growth of sample grains. The temperature-dependent of dielectric performance testing results present that all the samples possess obvious relaxation behavior. The best overall performance of the samples are obtained at x = 0.06, where its d33 = 920pC/N, kp = 0.71, Pr = 24.54 μC cm−2, γ = 1.98, ε
r = 6856, tanδ = 3.3%, Tc = 133 ℃. The PSZN-PSNN-PSZT ceramics are potential candidate materials due to its simple preparation process, the high dielectric and piezoelectric properties.