bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Chronic Hypoparathyroidism and Quality of Life After Total Thyroidectomy
Authors: Jørgensen Camilla Uhre , Homøe Preben , Dahl Morten , Hitz Mette Friberg 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTChronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a common complication after total thyroidectomy and it impacts affected patients' quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to assess the QoL in patients with chronic HypoPT independently from their concurrent hypothyroidism and other comorbidities. For this purpose a follow‐up study was performed, including 14 patients who developed chronic HypoPT after total thyroidectomy and 28 age‐ and sex‐matched patients who had intact parathyroid function after total thyroidectomy. We used the RAND Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF‐36) to compare the QoL between patients with or without chronic HypoPT. Chronic HypoPT patients had lower QoL scores in all domains of the RAND‐SF‐36 questionnaire and significant impairment in six of eight domains after adjustment for relevant confounders. They were more often operated because of a toxic diagnosis (p = .01), often being Graves disease. Additionally adjusting for surgical indications resulted in three of eight domains being significant affected. Chronic HypoPT is associated with significantly impairment of QoL, independently of the concurrent disease of hypothyroidism, comorbidities, and prospective values of TSH and serum (se)‐ionized‐Ca++. There is a need for more focus and better treatment of patients experiencing chronic HypoPT after surgery. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Longitudinal Changes of Circulating miRNAs During Bisphosphonate and Teriparatide Treatment in an Animal Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Authors: Weigl Moritz , Kocijan Roland , Ferguson James , Leinfellner Gabriele , Heimel Patrick , Feichtinger Xaver , Pietschmann Peter , Grillari Johannes , Zwerina Jochen , Redl Heinz , Hackl Matthias 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
MicroRNAs regulate bone homeostasis, and circulating microRNAs have been proposed as novel bone biomarkers. The effect of anti-osteoporotic treatment on circulating microRNAs has not been described in detail. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive analysis of microRNA serum levels in ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated (SHAM) rats over 12 weeks of antiresorptive or osteoanabolic treatment. Forty-two Sprague Dawley rats underwent SHAM surgery (n = 10) or ovariectomy (n = 32). After 8 weeks, OVX rats were randomized to antiresorptive treatment with zoledronate (n = 11), osteoanabolic treatment with teriparatide (n = 11), or vehicle treatment (n = 10). Serum samples were collected at weeks 8, 12, 16, and 20 after surgery. A total of 91 microRNAs were analyzed by RT-qPCR in serum samples collected at week 20. Based on the results, 29 microRNAs were selected for longitudinal analysis at all four study time points. Changes in bone mineral density and microstructure were followed up by in vivo micro-CT and ex vivo nano-CT. Ovariectomy resulted in the loss of trabecular bone, which was reversed by osteoanabolic and antiresorptive treatment. Differential expression analysis identified 11 circulating miRNAs that were significantly regulated after treatment. For example, miR-107 and miR-31-5p increased in vehicle-treated OVX animals, whereas they decreased during teriparatide treatment. Additional miRNAs were identified that showed significant correlations to bone microstructure or bone miRNA expression, including miR-203a-3p, which exhibited a significant negative correlation to vertebral and tibial trabecular bone volume fraction (%). Longitudinal analysis confirmed eight microRNAs with significant changes in serum over time that were prevented by teriparatide and zoledronate treatment (miR-34a-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-30d-3p, miR-378a-5p) or teriparatide treatment only (miR-375-3p, miR-183-5p, miR-203a-3p, miR-203b-3p). Gene target network analysis identified WNT and Notch signaling as the main signaling pathways controlled by these miRNAs. Thus, ovariectomy results in time-dependent deregulation of circulating miRNAs compared with SHAM animals. Anti-osteoporotic treatments can rescue this effect, showing that bone-related miRNAs might act as novel biomarkers for treatment monitoring. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Association of Urine Platinum With Acute Kidney Injury in Children Treated With Cisplatin for Cancer
Authors: Lebel Asaf , Chui Hayton , McMahon Kelly R. , Lim Yong Jin , Macri Joseph , Wang Stella , Devarajan Prasad , Blydt‐Hansen Tom D. , Zappitelli Michael , Urquhart Bradley L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent highly excreted in urine and known to cause acute kidney injury (AKI). As AKI diagnosis by serum creatinine (SCr) is usually delayed, endeavors for finding early AKI biomarkers continue. This study aims to determine if urine platinum (UP) concentration 24 hours after cisplatin infusion is associated with AKI, and to evaluate the association between urine platinum and tubular damage biomarkers: neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule‐1 (KIM‐1). Children treated with cisplatin in 12 Canadian centers (April 2013 to December 2017) were included. Urine from the morning after the first cisplatin infusion of the first or second cisplatin cycle was measured for urine platinum, NGAL, and KIM‐1. SCr and serum electrolytes were used to detect AKI by either SCr elevation or urinary electrolyte wasting (potassium, magnesium, phosphate). The associations of urine platinum with AKI, NGAL, and KIM‐1 were assessed. A total of 115 participants (54% boys, median age, 8.5 years; interquartile range, 4.0‐13.4) were included, of which 29 (25%) and 105 (91%) developed AKI defined by SCr and electrolyte criteria, respectively. Higher urine platinum was associated with higher cisplatin dose (Spearman rho, 0.21) and with younger age (Spearman rho, –0.33). Urine platinum was not associated with postinfusion AKIor KIM‐1, but was weakly associated with NGAL, particularly in participants without SCr AKI (Pearson's r, 0.22). Urine platinum may be a marker of mild tubular injury but is not likely to be a useful biomarker of clinically evident AKI.
Development and application of sensitive, specific, and rapid CRISPR‐Cas13‐based diagnosis
Authors: Shihong Gao David , Zhu Xiaodong , Lu Binfeng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNucleic acid detection is a necessary part of medical treatment and fieldwork. However, the current detection technologies are far from ideal. A lack of timely and accessible testing for identifying cases and close contacts has allowed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the causative virus of the ongoing coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, to spread uncontrollably. The slow and expensive detection of mutations—predictors for chronic diseases such as cancer—form a barrier to personalized treatment. A recently developed diagnostic assay is ideal and field‐ready—it relies on CRISPR‐Cas13. CRISPR‐Cas13 works similarly to other CRISPR systems: Cas13 is guided by a crRNA to cleave next to a specific RNA target sequence. Additionally, Cas13 boasts a unique collateral cleavage activity; collateral cleavage of a fluorescent reporter detects the presence of the target sequence in sample RNA. This system forms the basis of CRISPR‐Cas13 diagnostic assays. CRISPR‐Cas13 assays have >95% sensitivity and >99% specificity. Detection is rapid (<2 h), inexpensive ($0.05 per test), and portable—a test using lateral flow strips is akin to a pregnancy test. The recent adaptation of micro‐well chips facilitates high‐level multiplexing and is high‐throughput. In this review, we cover the development of CRISPR‐Cas13 assays for medical diagnosis, discuss the advantages of CRISPR‐Cas13‐based diagnosis over the traditional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and present examples of detection from real patient samples.
Biochemical modulations in açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) under vegetative stages in an agroforestry system of the Amazon
Authors: de Sousa Gizele Odete , Viégas Ismael de Jesus Matos , Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Conceição Susana Silva , Yakuwa Tiago Kesajiro Moraes , Pacheco Mauro Junior Borges , Viana Thiago Costa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground: The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is a species native to the Amazon region, where the largest stock of these palms is located in the state of Pará, Brazil. This species occurs predominantly spontaneously in the plateau and plains areas of the Amazonian estuary. Water deficit is the main limiting factor of plants, negatively regulating the growth, metabolism and productivity of crops.Aim: This study aimed to deepen the ecophysiological and biochemical responses of Euterpe oleracea Mart. to a water deficiency condition in agroforestry systems.Methods: The study was carried out in a defined period of lowest rainfall in the region, which runs from July to October, averaging 58.6 mm for those months, such as location, age, uniformity, health, development, height and diameter of the stipe, in order to determine the biochemical variables. Responses to biochemical components under water deficit such as starch, sucrose and carbohydrates increased for rachis and fruits.Results: The concentrations of ammonia and proteins increased in stems and fruits. For amino acids, the structures that accumulated these organic compounds were fruits and arrow. One of the most representative amino acids against water deficiency is proline, and its increase in plant tissues is due to osmoprotein function, especially for structures such as rachis, fruit and petioles + rachis.Conclusions: Therefore, Euterpe oleracea Mart. presents excellent physiological plasticity to deal with stressful conditions as well as adaptive behavior to overcome this deficiency.
Preferential loss of Yukon River delta colored dissolved organic matter under nutrient replete conditions
Authors: Clark J. Blake , Mannino Antonio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Yukon River exports a large amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), much of which is colored, absorbing visible and ultraviolet light. Yukon River water typically has low total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), with an average DOC : TDN ratio of 21.1 (mol C mol N−1) ~ 200 km upstream from the coast at Pilot Station, Alaska. TDN has been correlated to the bioavailability of DOC, but a direct estimate of the dependence of DOC reactivity on nutrient availability has not been conducted in the Yukon River delta. The biodegradability of DOC and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) was assessed along a gradient within the Yukon River delta and into the coastal ocean. Samples were dark incubated at 20°C and half of the incubations were amended with inorganic nutrients. At five time points through 27 d, CDOM absorption and DOC concentration were measured. Initial DOC concentration was 113–830 μmol C L−1 and CDOM absorption at 443 nm (a443) ranged from 0.16 to 7.8 m−1 from the ocean to a high CDOM lake. DOC was relatively unreactive, with 3–6% of DOC degrading in riverine samples and little difference between nutrient amended and control incubations. Control river delta a443 decreased 3–10%, while nutrient amended treatments saw a 6–22% decline over 27 d. In the nutrient amended riverine stations, CDOM absorption loss was greater at blue wavelengths and CDOM degradation was greater than total DOC loss. DOC was resistant to biodegradation in both nutrient amended and ambient conditions, while CDOM was preferentially degraded when nutrients were replete.
Multi‐component relaxation modelling in human Achilles tendon: Quantifying chemical shift information in ultra‐short echo time imaging
Authors: Anjum Muhammad A. R. , Gonzalez Felix M. , Swain Anshuman , Leisen Johannes , Hosseini Zahra , Singer Adam , Umpierrez Monica , Reiter David A. 
Published: February 2021

PurposeTo examine multi‐component relaxation modelling for quantification of on‐ and off‐resonance relaxation signals in multi‐echo ultra‐short echo time (UTE) data of human Achilles tendon (AT) and compare bias and dispersion errors of model parameters to that of the bi‐component model.Theory and MethodsMulti‐component modelling is demonstrated for quantitative multi‐echo UTE analysis of AT and supported using a novel method for determining number of MR‐visible off‐resonance components, UTE data from six healthy volunteers, and analysis of proton NMR measurements from ex vivo bovine AT. Cramer‐Rao lower bound expressions are presented for multi‐ and bi‐component models and parameter estimate variances are compared. Bias error in bi‐component estimates is characterized numerically.ResultsTwo off‐resonance components were consistently detected in all six volunteers and in bovine AT data. Multi‐component model exhibited superior quality of fit, with a marginal increase in estimate variance, when compared to the bi‐component model. Bi‐component estimates exhibited notable bias particularly in in the presence of off‐resonance components.ConclusionMulti‐component modelling more reliably quantifies tendon matrix water components while also providing quantitation of additional non‐water matrix constituents. Further work is needed to interpret the origin of the observed off‐resonance signals with preliminary assignments made to chemical groups in lipids and proteoglycans.
Recitation of quran and music to reduce chemotherapy‐induced anxiety among adult patients with cancer: A clinical trial
Authors: Al‐Jubouri Mohammed Baqer Abbas , Isam Safad Riyadh , Hussein Shaymaa Mohammed , Machuca‐Contreras Felipe 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of listening to music or Quran in reducing cancer patients’ anxiety before chemotherapy administration. Reducing anxiety in people with cancer, prior to chemotherapy administration, is a crucial goal in nursing care.DesignAn experimental comparative study was conducted.MethodsA simple randomization sampling method was applied. Two hundred thirty‐eight people with cancer who underwent chemotherapy were participated. They are assigned as Quran, music and control groups.ResultsThe overall score of Arabic State Anxiety Inventory in all groups revealed that there was a significant difference between pre‐test and post‐test among participants. Listening to Quran or music reduced the chemotherapy‐induced anxiety. There was no difference between these two ways to reduce anxiety in people with cancer. Listening to Quran or music can be added in nursing care plans prior chemotherapy administrations to reduce cancer patients’ anxiety.
Discrete‐time state‐feedback control of polytopic LPV systems
Authors: Pereira Renan L. , de Oliveira Matheus S. , Kienitz Karl H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on a new state‐feedback control synthesis for discrete‐time polytopic linear parameter‐varying (LPV) systems. The synthesis conditions have been derived using an approach less conservative than those currently found in the literature, which allows to deal with polytopic LPV systems subject to time‐varying parameters in all matrices of its state‐space representation. Based on parameter‐dependent Lyapunov functions, a set of linear matrix inequalities‐based conditions is provided to obtain a discrete‐time state‐feedback controller. Another significant advantage of the proposed conditions is the ability to include the poly‐quadratic condition as a particular case, presenting a solution to this so far unresolved problem. In addition, using the same concept, an improved condition for quadratic control synthesis is given. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed state‐feedback control design method is assessed and compared to that of similar approaches by means of numerical examples.
A bilingual dietary intervention early in treatment is feasible and prevents weight gain in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Walters Michelle , Mowbray Catriona , Jubelirer Tracey , Jacobs Shana , Kelly Kara M. , Smith Karen , Yao Yujing , Jin Zhezhen , Ladas Elena J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy. The onset of obesity during childhood ALL has been well established and is associated with inferior survival rates and increased treatment‐related toxicities. This pilot study sought to determine if a dietary intervention is feasible and minimizes weight gain during the initial phases of treatment for ALL.MethodsParticipants were recruited from four institutions, fluent in English or Spanish, between 5 and 21 years old, and enrolled within 3 days of starting induction therapy. Participants were counseled for 6 months to follow a low glycemic diet. Dietary and anthropometric data were collected at diagnosis, end of induction, and end of month 6 (NCT03157323).ResultsTwenty‐three of 28 participants (82.1%) were evaluable and included in the analysis. Dietary changes targeted by the nutrition intervention were successful; sugar intake declined (P = .003), whereas vegetable intake increased (P = .033). The majority of participants were able to adhere to the dietary principles prescribed: ≥70.0% reduced glycemic load and ≥60.0% increased fiber intake and decreased sugar intake. Importantly, we did not observe an increase in body mass index z‐score during induction or over the 6‐month intervention period. Most families found the nutrition intervention easy to follow (60%) and affordable (95%) despite simultaneous initiation of treatment for ALL.ConclusionsA 6‐month nutrition intervention initiated during the initial phase of treatment for childhood ALL is feasible and may prevent weight gain. Our preliminary findings need to be confirmed in a larger clinical trial.
Dynamic and static stability in para‐athletes with cerebral palsy considering their impairment profile
Authors: Reina Raul , Barbado David , Hernández‐Davó Héctor , Roldan Alba 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundBalance impairment is a common feature in people with cerebral palsy (CP), affecting the performance of daily‐life and physical activities.ObjectivesTo (1) explore the absolute and relative intrasession reliability of two balance tests to assess dynamic and static balance in ambulant para‐athletes with CP; (2) explore the relationships between the two balance tests to determine potential application in sport classification; (3) assess the differences between CP profiles (ie, spastic diplegia, athetosis/ataxia, and spastic hemiplegia) in comparison to those with a minimum impairment; and (4) compare the outcomes of the static and dynamic balance of ambulant para‐athletes with CP regarding controls.MethodsA group of 129 male well‐trained para‐footballers with CP, classified as Level I according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System, participated in the present study. Static balance was assessed using the One‐Leg Stance test, performed bilaterally on a force platform, and the dynamic balance was assessed in two conditions of the Tandem Walk test (TW): walking heel‐toe contact over a 5 ‐m straight line and performing 10 steps.ResultsModerate‐to‐excellent intrasession reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.60–0.98) was obtained for all the measurements and groups. However, only small to moderate correlations were found between the dynamic and the static measurements of balance for the CP group when performing the One‐Leg Stance test with the unimpaired or dominant leg (0.23 < r < 0.30; P < .01). The TW performed over 10 steps revealed more sensitivity to discriminate between CP profiles. Those para‐athletes with ataxia/athetosis performed worse in all the tests whereas all CP profiles performed worse than the control group (P < .01).ConclusionsBalance performance and postural control are constrained to a higher extent in those with impaired voluntary control due to ataxia or with involuntary contractions of the muscles due to athetosis.
Proline‐catalyzed Transition‐Metal‐free Access to 1‐Substituted‐4‐Quinazolinones
Authors: Tokumoto Kento , Makiyama Kouhei , Sonoda Motohiro , Tanimori Shinji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA facile and general transition‐metal‐free access to 1‐substituted‐4‐quinazolinones 2 has been achieved based on the proline‐mediated cyclization of carbamoylbenzamides 1 in the presence of potassium t‐butoxides in DMSO at 100 °C within several hours. The gram‐scale synthesis of 1‐phenyl‐4‐quinazolinone 2 a has also been achieved without the loss of efficiency. The one‐pot synthesis of 1‐phenyl‐4‐quinazolinone 2 a has proven to be possible starting from 2‐bromobenzamide and phenylisocyanate in an acceptable yield. The present reactions were assumed to proceed through radical intermediates as the major path and also the SNAr route as a minor path based on several control experiments.
Kinetics of the Reactions of Methyl Radical with Hydrogen, Methyl and Ethyl Peroxides
Authors: Cao Fei , Shi Gai , Song Jinou , Tian Pengzhen , Li Zhijun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe HOOH+CH3, CH3OOH+CH3 and CH3CH2OOH+CH3 reactions were characterized using accurate ab initio methods with reliable basis sets. The reaction rate constants were calculated by canonical variational transition state theory as applied to a complex mechanism involving the formation of reactant complexes. The formation of aldehyde or formaldehyde was observed when the CH3 radical attacks on the CH2 group in CH3CH2OOH or on the CH3 group in CH3OOH. The results showed that the channels of H‐abstraction from OH group are dominant channels at low temperature, while the channels of OH‐transfer to CH3 become predominant with increasing temperature. For the CH3OOH+CH3 reaction, the channel producing CH2O+OH and the OH‐transfer channel have a similar rate coefficient.
Dual‐Active Sites Engineering of N‐Doped Hollow Carbon Nanocubes Confining Bimetal Alloys as Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts for Flexible Metal–Air Batteries
Authors: Xie Dengyu , Yu Deshuang , Hao Yanan , Han Silin , Li Guanghua , Wu Xiaoli , Hu Feng , Li Linlin , Chen Han‐Yi , Liao Yen‐Fa , Peng Shengjie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSince the sluggish kinetic process of oxygen reduction (ORR)/evolution (OER) reactions, the design of highly‐efficient, robust, and cost‐effective catalysts for flexible metal–air batteries is desired but challenging. Herein, bimetallic nanoparticles encapsulated in the N‐doped hollow carbon nanocubes (e.g., FeCo‐NPs/NC, FeNi‐NPs/NC, and CoNi‐NPs/NC) are rationally designed via a general heat‐treatment strategy of introducing NH3 pyrolysis of dopamine‐coated metal–organic frameworks. Impressively, the resultant FeCo‐NPs/NC hybrid exhibits superior bifunctional electrocatalytic performance for ORR/OER, manifesting exceptional discharging performance, outstanding lifespan, and prime flexibility for both Zn/Al–air batteries, superior to those of state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C and RuO2 catalysts. X‐ray absorption near edge structure and density functional theory indicate that the strong synergy between FeCo alloy and N‐doped carbon frameworks has a distinctive activation effect on bimetallic Fe/Co atoms to synchronously modify the electronic structure and afford abundant dual‐active Fe/Co–Nx sites, large surface area, high nitrogen doping level, and conductive carbon frameworks to boost the reversible oxygen electrocatalysis. Such N‐doped carbon with bimetallic alloy bonds provides new pathways for the rational creation of high‐efficiency energy conversion and storage equipment.