bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive psychological states and stress responses in caregivers of adults receiving an allogeneic bone marrow transplant: A study protocol
Authors: Tan Kelly R. , Santacroce Sheila J. , Wood William A. , Mayer Deborah K. , Santos Hudson , Mucha Peter J. , Schwartz Todd A. , Fredrickson Barbara L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsThis protocol directs a study that aims to: (a) describe the caregiver's experience over 8–12 weeks after an index adult patient's allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) for advanced cancer using a case‐oriented approach and mixed methods, with qualitative methods in the foreground; and (b) explore networks of relationships among psycho‐neurological symptoms, positive psychological states and caregiver health.DesignCase‐oriented longitudinal design using multiple data types and analytic approaches.MethodsData will be collected from 10–12 caregivers. The sample will be recruited from a large public hospital in the southeastern United States using maximum variation sampling (e.g., caregiver race/ethnicity, relationship to patient, age, education, and number of caregiving roles). Participants will be asked to complete weekly surveys, have their blood drawn bi‐weekly and participate in an interview each month during the study period (~100 days). Aim 1 analysis will include directed content analysis and case‐oriented visual analysis. Aim 2 analysis will include symptom network estimation of psycho‐neurological symptoms, positive psychological states, and caregiver health. Institutional review board approval was obtained August 2018.DiscussionResults will provide an in‐depth description of caregivers’ experiences in the 100 days after BMT. Findings will inform generation of hypotheses and identification of targets for interventions to improve caregiver's experiences after BMT.ImpactThis in‐depth multi‐method longitudinal study to describe caregivers of adult patients receiving an allogeneic BMT is an essential step in understanding caregivers’ complex responses to chronic stress and the role of positive psychological states. The results from this study will inform future research on chronic stress processes, intense caregiving, and intervention development.
Speciation in marine environments: Diving under the surface
Authors: Faria Rui , Johannesson Kerstin , Stankowski Sean 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMarine environments are inhabited by a broad representation of the tree of life, yet our understanding of speciation in marine ecosystems is extremely limited compared with terrestrial and freshwater environments. Developing a more comprehensive picture of speciation in marine environments requires that we 'dive under the surface' by studying a wider range of taxa and ecosystems is necessary for a more comprehensive picture of speciation. Although studying marine evolutionary processes is often challenging, recent technological advances in different fields, from maritime engineering to genomics, are making it increasingly possible to study speciation of marine life forms across diverse ecosystems and taxa. Motivated by recent research in the field, including the 14 contributions in this issue, we highlight and discuss six axes of research that we think will deepen our understanding of speciation in the marine realm: (a) study a broader range of marine environments and organisms; (b) identify the reproductive barriers driving speciation between marine taxa; (c) understand the role of different genomic architectures underlying reproductive isolation; (d) infer the evolutionary history of divergence using model‐based approaches; (e) study patterns of hybridization and introgression between marine taxa; and (f) implement highly interdisciplinary, collaborative research programmes. In outlining these goals, we hope to inspire researchers to continue filling this critical knowledge gap surrounding the origins of marine biodiversity.
The peri‐implant phenotype and implant esthetic complications. Contemporary overview
Authors: Wang I‐Ching (Izzie) , Barootchi Shayan , Tavelli Lorenzo , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a contemporary and comprehensive overview of the hard and soft tissue biological structures surrounding an osseointegrated dental implant (peri‐implant referred to as the peri‐implant phenotype), in the context of peri‐implant esthetic complications.OverviewThe individual components of the peri‐implant phenotype (keratinized mucosa width, mucosal thickness, supracrestal tissue height, and the peri‐implant buccal bone) have been linked to different aspects of implant esthetics, as well as health‐related aspects. At the time of implant therapy, respecting the biology of the peri‐implant hard and soft tissues, and anticipating their remodeling patterns can alleviate future esthetic complications.ConclusionsWhile the current literature may not allow for a point‐by‐point evidence based‐recommendation for the required amount of each peri‐implant structure, bearing in mind the proposed values for the components of the peri‐implant phenotype, at the time of and prior to implant therapy can lead to more predictable treatment outcomes, and the avoidance of esthetic complications.Clinical SignificanceKnowledge of hard and soft tissue components surrounding and osseointegrated dental implant, and their underlying biological remodeling process is crucial for carrying out a successful therapy and alleviating possible future esthetic challenges.
Soft tissue grafting with the tunnel technique in the mandibular anterior: Myths and realities
Authors: Allen Edward P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo address the myths and realities of soft tissue grafting with the tunnel technique in the mandibular anterior region.Materials and MethodsMyths associated with use of the tunnel technique for soft tissue grafting in the mandibular anterior region are identified and examined. Explanations for the misunderstandings are presented and documented with case examples and evidence from scientific studies.ResultsSix myths are described and the realities are presented.ConclusionsThis report demonstrates that the tunnel technique can be successfully used in the mandibular anterior region in the presence of anatomic features thought to favor the use of more invasive surgical methods.Clinical SignificanceSoft tissue grafting in the mandibular anterior region has complicating anatomical features including a strong frenal attachment, shallow vestibule and thin tissue. These features may be successfully managed with a free gingival graft, but that procedure results in an uncomfortable experience for the patient. The tunnel technique, especially when combined with an acellular dermal matrix, dramatically improves the patient experience and esthetic outcome without compromising the clinical outcome.
Carp edema virus and immune response in carp (Cyprinuscarpio): Current knowledge
Authors: Machat Radek , Pojezdal Lubomir , Piackova Veronika , Faldyna Martin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe importance of world aquaculture production grows annually together with the increasing need to feed the global human population. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the most important freshwater fish in global aquaculture. Unfortunately, carp production is affected by numerous diseases of which viral diseases are the most serious. Koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD), spring viraemia of carp (SVC), and during the last decades also koi sleepy disease (KSD) are currently the most harmful viral diseases of common carp. This review summarizes current knowledge about carp edema virus (CEV), aetiological agent causing KSD, and about the disease itself. Furthermore, the article is focused on summarizing the available information about the antiviral immune response of common carp, like production of class I interferons (IFNs), activation of cytotoxic cells, and production of antibodies by B cells focusing on anti‐CEV immunity.
FT5a interferes with the Dt1‐AP1 feedback loop to control flowering time and shoot determinacy in soybean
Authors: Yue Lin , Li Xiaoming , Fang Chao , Chen Liyu , Yang Hui , Yang Jie , Chen Zhonghui , Nan Haiyang , Chen Linnan , Zhang Yuhang , Li Haiyang , Hou Xingliang , Dong Zhicheng , Weller James L. , Abe Jun , Liu Baohui , Kong Fanjiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFlowering time and stem growth habit determine inflorescence architecture in soybean, which in turn influences seed yield.Dt1, a homolog ofArabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER 1(TFL1), is a major controller of stem growth habit, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate thatDt1affects node number and plant height, as well as flowering time, in soybean under long‐day conditions. The bZIP transcription factor FDc1 physically interacts with Dt1, and the FDc1‐Dt1 complex directly represses the expression ofAPETALA1(AP1). We propose that FT5a inhibits Dt1 activity via a competitive interaction with FDc1 and directly upregulatesAP1. Moreover, AP1 repressesDt1expression by directly binding to theDt1promoter, suggesting that AP1 and Dt1 form a suppressive regulatory feedback loop to determine the fate of the shoot apical meristem. These findings provide novel insights into the roles of Dt1 and FT5a in controlling the stem growth habit and flowering time in soybean, which determine the adaptability and grain yield of this important crop.
Anthropometry does not fully explain low fitness among adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Beck V. D. Y. , Baynard T. , Lefferts E. C. , Hibner B. A. , Fernhall B. , Hilgenkamp T. I. M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundCardiorespiratory fitness, expressed as peak oxygen uptake during exercise (VO2peak), is an important predictor of cardiovascular health and is related to anthropometry in the general population. Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have reduced cardiorespiratory fitness and often exhibit different anthropometrics compared with the general population. Interestingly, the relation between anthropometry and cardiorespiratory fitness found in the general population is not apparent in individuals with DS. However, accurate measures with dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan have not been used to investigate this relationship in this population. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship between accurate measures of anthropometry and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with DS compared with an age‐matched and sex‐matched control group.MethodsAnthropometrics (height, weight, waist and hip circumference, body composition via DEXA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak, measured during a graded maximal exercise test) were assessed in adults with (n = 9; 25 ± 3 years; 6 male patients) and without DS (n = 10, 24 ± 4 years; 5 male patients).ResultsParticipants with DS were shorter (P < 0.01) than without DS and had a higher body mass index (P < 0.01), waist circumference (WC) (P = 0.026) and waist/height ratio (WHtR) (P < 0.01), but similar weight, body surface area (BSA), waist/hip ratio and body composition (P > 0.05). Participants with DS had significantly lower relative VO2peak and VO2peak corrected for total lean mass (TLM), but similar absolute VO2peak, compared with without DS. In participants with DS, only WC and WHtR were associated with VO2peak, whereas in participants without DS, height, weight, BSA, TLM, leg lean mass and body fat percentage were associated with VO2peak.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the relation between anthropometry and cardiorespiratory fitness found in the general population is not the same in adults with DS and that anthropometrics do not fully explain cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with DS. Further research into potential alternative explanations is required.
Serotonin and amyloid deposition: A link between depression and Alzheimer’s disease?
Authors: Gründer Gerhard , Cumming Paul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIndirect agonism has been invoked as part of the mechanism of antipsychotic action at dopamine D2/3 receptors, and more recently as a salient neuropharmacological aspect of the serotonin 5‐HT2A drug pimavanserin (Pim). We now comment on an article in this volume showing that Pim treatment attenuates the deposition of Aβ protein in brain of transgenic Alzheimer's disease model mice. Pim treatment may interfere with Aβ deposition by shifting the balance between two 5‐HT2A signaling pathways, that is, antagonism of Gq/11 signaling and agonism of Gαi1 signaling. Treatment with serotonin‐selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) evoked also reduced amyloid deposition in transgenic mice, but SSRI treatment does not unequivocally interfere in the progression of human Alzheimer's disease, perhaps because of complex effects of chronic SSRI treatment on multiple serotonin receptor types. Preclinical findings suggest Pim as a promising pharmacological strategy for intervening against Alzheimer's pathology, perhaps at a very early stage of the disease. However, much remains to be learned about the convergence of various receptor‐mediated signaling pathways on the final common path leading to net Aβ deposition.
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‘Milk actually comes from a cow’: Ontario dairy farmers' reactions and interventions with consumers' milk rifts as third‐party alienation
Authors: Gray Allison 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA significant effect of industrial capitalism on the modern Western world is the generation and perpetuation of a physical and discursive distancing between people and food – a result of what Marx termed the metabolic rift. Studies of alienated relationships often homogenize the rift experience. This paper explores how rural Ontario dairy farmers experience what John Bellamy Foster calls ‘metabolism’ and their perceptions of the alienated states of non‐farmers. Results from on‐farm semi‐structured interviews suggest these farmers are aware of a distancing between non‐farmers and food (milk) that is a different experience than that of farmers. Such perception of milk alienation involving an external group – or what I term third‐party alienation – is accompanied by farmer‐initiated interventions, such as on‐farm educational visits and educational programmes, attempting to mend non‐farmers rift experience. Third‐party alienation exemplifies the ways in which metabolism can be diversely embodied – and possibly mended – within current human–food, and human–nature, relationships.
Peer learning and collaborative placement models in health care: a systematic review and qualitative synthesis of the literature
Authors: Markowski Marianne , Bower Heather , Essex Ryan , Yearley Carole 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTAimsTo summarise the international empirical literature to provide a comprehensive overview of peer learning and collaborative practice placement models in health care and to synthesise their benefits and challenges.BackgroundPractical placements for students are in high demand due to the need for an increased nursing, midwifery and health professional workforce, thus collaborative placement models are an attractive solution to potentially increase placement capacity and enhance the student learning experience.DesignA systematic search of the literature and qualitative data synthesis using the PRISMA checklist and ENTREQ guidelines.Review methodsMEDLINE and CINAHL searched in March 2020. Quality appraisal of studies conducted. Collaborative models and empirical findings summarised. Reported benefits, challenges and implementation recommendations synthesised. Two tables developed for data representation.Results172 studies were identified by the search strategy. Of these, 47 articles were included for appraisal and synthesis. 30 articles employed qualitative, seven quantitative and ten mixed‐methods approaches. Research took place in eight countries. The majority of studies employed focus groups, interviews as well as questionnaire design. The total participant sample was 3462 consisting of students and educators.ConclusionsThis review confirmed that any peer learning is beneficial in supporting students’ confidence and team working skills. It is especially helpful when pairing first year with third‐year students. The latter can demonstrate their clinical skills and prepare for working in practice. Simultaneously, expert‐led learning is important for role modelling and for the recognition of acquired skills. Evidence on the optimal placement experience is inconclusive; however, it can be concluded that any form of collaborative placement model requires careful planning and continuous preparation for staff and students.Relevance to clinical practiceDecision makers should consider implementing at least some form of peer learning to assist students with peer support, and ideally work towards a collaborative learning environment.
WHERE DO WE STAND IN CRYPTOCURRENCIES ECONOMIC RESEARCH? A SURVEY BASED ON HYBRID ANALYSIS
Authors: Bariviera Aurelio F. , Merediz‐Solà Ignasi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis survey develops a dual analysis, consisting, first, in a bibliometric examination and, second, in a close literature review of all the scientific production around cryptocurrencies conducted in economics so far. The aim of this paper is twofold. On the one hand, proposes a methodological hybrid approach to perform comprehensive literature reviews. On the other hand, we provide an updated state of the art in cryptocurrency economic literature. Our methodology emerges as relevant when the topic comprises a large number of papers, which make unrealistic to perform a detailed reading of all the papers. This dual perspective offers a full landscape of cryptocurrency economic research. First, by means of the distant reading provided by machine learning bibliometric techniques, we are able to identify main topics, journals, key authors, and other macro aggregates. Second, based on the information provided by the previous stage, the traditional literature review provides a closer look at methodologies, data sources, and other details of the papers. In this way, we offer a classification and analysis of the mounting research produced in a relative short time span.
Opioid exposures in children under 5 years of age (2004–2019): A retrospective study of calls to Australia's largest poisons information centre
Authors: Arbaeen Abrar , Wheate Nial J , Cairns Rose 
Published: January 2021

AimTo describe time trends in opioid exposures in children under 5 years, and to describe patient demographics, the medicines involved, the reasons for exposure and disposition.MethodsA retrospective analysis of paediatric (<5 years of age) opioid exposure calls to the New South Wales Poisons Information Centre (NSWPIC, Australia's largest poison centre), 2004–2019. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to examine temporal trends.ResultsThere were 4807 cases of paediatric opioid exposure during the 16 year study period, with an average of 300 exposures per year. Exposures increased, 2004–2007, with an annual percentage change (APC) of 14.6% (95% CI = 4.3 to 26.0%), then decreased, 2007–2016, APC −3.4% (95% CI = −5.3 to −1.3%). A steeper decrease was observed after 2016, APC −14.1% (95% CI = −21.8 to −5.6%). The overall APC was −2.3% (95% CI = −4.7 to 0.2%), 2004–2019. Accidental exposures accounted for 86% of calls (4137). The majority of calls were from family members regarding exposures that happened at home, highlighting the need for safety initiatives. The preparations most frequently involved were paracetamol/opioid combination products (primarily codeine), 53% (2566) and ibuprofen/opioid combinations 14% (650). Twenty‐two percent of cases were referred to a hospital (1062), and a further 15% (719) of calls originated from hospital staff.ConclusionOpioid exposures in young Australian children continue to occur; however, the rate has declined since 2007. Safe storage and parent education initiatives could further reduce the burden of paediatric opioid poisoning in Australia.
Improved care and management of paediatric neurological patients evaluated at a paediatric Rapid Access Neurology clinic: A pilot study
Authors: Yaworski Amanda M , Yager Jerome Y , Richer Lawrence , Mailo Janette , Rajapakse Thilinie , Kassiri Janani 
Published: January 2021

AimReferral wait times for paediatric neurological patients are increasing, leading to an increased burden on the emergency department (ED). The paediatric Rapid Access Neurology (pRAN) clinic was created for paediatric patients who are clinically stable, but require an urgent paediatric neurology consultation. The objectives were to evaluate the pathways of referral, accuracy of referring diagnoses, adherence to clinic appointments, impact of clinic visitation on ED visits and patient satisfaction.MethodsData were collected from the pRAN clinic from March 2018 until April 2019. Information was obtained from patient charts including the referring and final diagnosis, management plan and the number of visits made to the ED before and after visiting the pRAN clinic.ResultsOf the 256 referred patients, 91 met inclusion criteria. The most frequent referral diagnosis was a seizure. Referring physicians and pRAN clinic neurologists differed significantly in the level of diagnostic agreement for patients <2 years of age (P = 0.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.294, 0.373). There was a significant reduction in visits to the ED made by patients 3 months after the pRAN appointment compared with before the visit (P < 0.001; 95% CI −0.9070, −0.4088). The majority of patients felt that the clinic had high value and were satisfied with their follow‐up plan.ConclusionThis pilot study showed that a pRAN clinic can improve the accuracy of neurological diagnoses and management, especially for children <2 years of age. In addition, pRAN clinic patients make fewer subsequent visits to the ED and express high satisfaction with their care.
Proteoglycans in the periodontium: A review with emphasis on specific distributions, functions, and potential applications
Authors: Chen Yilin , Guan Qiuyue , Han Xianglong , Bai Ding , Li Defu , Tian Ye 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProteoglycans (PGs) are largely glycosylated proteins, consisting of a linkage sugar, core proteins, and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). To date, more than 40 kinds of PGs have been identified, and they can be classified as intracellular, cell surface, pericellular, and extracellular PGs according to cellular locations. To illustrate, extracellular PGs are known for regulating the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix; cell‐surface PGs play a role in mediating cell adhesion and binding various growth factors. In the field of periodontology, PGs are implicated in cellular proliferation, migration, adhesion, contractility, and anoikis, thereby exerting a profound influence on periodontal tissue development, wound repair, the immune response, biomechanics, and pathological process. Additionally, the expression patterns of some PGs are dynamic and cell‐specific. Therefore, determining the roles and spatial‐temporal expression patterns of PGs in the periodontium could shed light on treatments for wound healing, tissue regeneration, periodontitis, and gingival overgrowth. In this review, close attention is paid to the distributions, functions, and potential applications of periodontal PGs. Related genetically modified animal experiments and involved signal transduction cascades are summarized for improved understanding of periodontal PGs. To date, however, there is a large amount of speculation on this topic that requires rigorous experiments for validation.