bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Bifurcation of The Left Common Carotid Artery Associated With Klippel–Feil Syndrome And Severe Stenosis of The Bilateral Proximal Middle Cerebral Artery
Authors: Li Yan , Lv Minli , Zhong Jianquan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe bifurcate position of the common carotid artery is protean. It is most often locating between the C3 and C5 vertebral levels.Intrathoracic bifurcation of common carotid artery is a rare anatomic finding,and an association with bilateral segmental severe stenosis of middle cerebral artery has not been reported in the past literature .we report a case of low bifurcation of the left common carotid artery associated with Klippel–Feil syndrome and severe stenosis of the bilateral proximal middle cerebral artery.Case PresentationA 47-years old woman presented with dizziness and sleep disturbance,whose computed tomography angiography image incidentally revealed an intrathoracic bifurcation of the left common carotid artery associated with bilateral segmental severe narrowing of middle cerebral artery（MCA）.The left transverse process and spinous process of C3-4 fused and posterior arch of atlas did not fuse on Volume rendered（VR） imaging. ConclusionWe should not only pay attention to the variation of the neck vessels, but also to the serious secondary changes of intracranial vessels caused by neck vessels variation. Low carotid bifurcation may cause chronic progressive stenosis /occlusion of the proximal MCA or severe ischemic stroke events .
Application Research of Medical Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Controlling Packaging Quality Defects
Authors: Chen Yanhua , Hu Ruixue , Hu Juan , Pan Wei , Yi Liangying 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose This study explores the application effects of medical failure mode and the analysis of device packaging quality defects. Methods In this study, a total of 183,642 equipment kits were assembled in our hospital from January to June 2020. Using medical failure mode and effect analysis methods, we retrospectively analyzed and evaluated the device packaging process. Besides, we used a decision tree model to determine the strategies that need to be acted upon and formulate improvement plans. We also selected a total of 1,90,231 assembly equipment packages in our hospital from July to December 2020, implemented the improved plan for packaging quality control, and compared medical failure modes, including the incidence of equipment packaging defects before and after the application of effective analysis. Results Before implementing medical failure mode and effect analysis, 1,83,642 equipment packages were assembled, 98 defects occurred, with a defect rate of 0.053%. However, after implementing medical failure mode and effect analysis to improve the packaging process, 1,90,231 device packages were assembled, 22 defects occurred, and the defect rate was 0.012%. The results showed that the packaging quality defects of the disinfection supply center were significantly reduced (χ2=50.822, P=0.001). Conclusion Using the medical failure mode and effect analysis method to control device packaging defects can effectively reduce the rate of device packaging quality defects, ensuring patient safety.
Flow-induced Folding in Multi-scaled Bulk Forming of Flanged Parts and its Prediction and Avoidance
Authors: Zheng Jun-Yuan , Fang Jie Yi Chen , Fu Ming Wang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The quality of manufactured parts and the efficiency of forming processes are crucial in deformation-based manufacturing. In product miniaturization and micro-manufacturing, size effect induces many unknowns. Flow-induced folding related to size effect is one of them and has not yet been fully studied. In this research, the formation mechanism of folding defects in axisymmetric bulk forming was investigated, and a design-based method was employed to evaluate different tooling and process route designs for making a case-study multi-flanged part with three features and to explore the design-based avoidance of folding defects. In addition, a design evaluating framework of folding-free bulk forming was proposed, implemented and validated. Via analysis of the material flow, energy consumption, folding formation, and product precision of the four proposed forming processes for the case-study part, an upsetting-extrusion forming method via using a nested punch was found to be the most desirable. It was then implemented in the physical forming with three size scales. The results revealed that the flow-induced folding in the macropart was severe and regularly circuitous, but it is slight and irregular in meso and microscale. These findings are useful in the defect-free forming of multi-flanged structures and multi-scaled axisymmetric parts
Difficulties in Emotional Regulation, Suicidal Behaviors and Social Media Posts: A Mixed Method Study Among Young Adults Using Semiotic Analysis
Authors: Mondal Sharmistha , Reddy Jayasankara 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The study is an explanatory sequential mixed method design aimed at understanding the relationship between difficulties in regulating emotions and suicidal behaviors. Furthermore, we explored their pattern of social media engagement to identify cues or indications, if any. The quantitative component consists of 100 young adults (18-30 years) sampled using convenience and snowball sampling techniques. The Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire (SBQ) were administered. Spearman rank-order correlation analysis establishes a moderate positive correlation (rs (100) = .400, p < .0005) between difficulties in regulating emotions and suicidal behaviors. Furthermore, for the qualitative component, 15 participants were chosen, with five in each category of 1) difficulty regulating emotions and suicidal behaviors, 2) difficulty regulating emotions but no suicidal behaviors and 3) no difficulty regulating emotions but suicidal behaviors. Their active social media account was accessed with consent, and semiotic analysis of their posts from June 2020 to February 2021 was performed, as data collection spanned the timespan. Saussure and Pierce’s concept of semiotic analysis is adopted as the framework for the analysis. The results reveal some common and specific categories of signified in the domain of interpersonal relationships, intrapersonal relationships, coping activities, social implications, thought process/cognitions and attitudinal modifications. The connotations and myths associated with the same are also explored within the cultural framework. The results are then triangulated with the quantitative component to provide a broader understanding of the intricate links between the variables.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation Combined with Exercise Training Synergistically Promoted Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury.
Authors: Sun Xin , Huang Liyi , Fu Chenying , Li Lijuan , Wang Lu , Pei Gaiqin , Wang Yang , Zhang Qing , Cheng Hongxin , He Chengqi , Wei Quan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) typically results in a devastating loss of neurological function below the level of injury. Although many strategies show considerable potential for SCI treatment, the therapeutic efficacy is limited. Here, we used a mouse model of thoracic contusive SCI to investigate whether the combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) transplantation and exercise training has a synergistic effect on functional restoration. Methods: BMMSCs were injected directly into the contusion epicenter immediately after SCI, and the mice started treadmill training (TMT) 3 days after SCI. Locomotor function was evaluated by the Basso Mouse Scale (BMS), horizontal ladder test, and footprint analysis. Histological examination, transmission electron microscopy observation, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were performed 8 weeks after SCI to further explore the potential mechanism of the synergistic repair effect. Results: The combination of BMMSCs transplantation and TMT showed the best therapeutic effect on motor function recovery compared with the other treatment groups. Further investigations revealed that the combination of BMMSCs transplantation and TMT markedly reduced fibrotic scar tissue, protected neurons, promoted axon and myelin regeneration, and increased synapse formation to a larger extent than either TMT or BMMSCs transplantation alone. Additionally, the synergistic effects of BMMSCs transplantation and TMT on SCI recovery occurred via activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Conclusions: These findings suggest that BMMSCs transplantation combined with exercise training represents a promising combinatorial strategy to facilitate clinically meaningful recovery after SCI.
Dye Tracing and Concentration Mapping in Coastal Waters Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Johansen Kasper , Dunne Aislinn F. , Tu Yu-Hsuan , Almashharawi Samir , Jones Burton H. , McCabe Matthew F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Coastal water flows facilitate important nutrient exchanges between mangroves, seagrasses and coral reefs. However, due to the complex nature of tidal interactions, their spatiotemporal development can be difficult to trace via traditional field instrumentations. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) serve as ideal platforms from which to capture such dynamic responses. Here, we provide a UAV-based approach for tracing coastal water flows using object-based detection of dye plume extent coupled with a regression approach for mapping dye concentration. From hovering UAV images and nine subsequent flight surveys covering the duration of an ebbing tide in the Red Sea, our results show that dye plume extent can be mapped with low omission and commission errors when assessed against manual delineations. Our results also demonstrated that the interaction term of two UAV-derived indices may be employed to accurately map dye concentration (coefficient of determination = 0.96, root mean square error = 7.78 ppb), providing insights into vertical and horizontal transportation and dilution of materials in the water column. We showcase the capabilities of high-frequency UAV-derived data and demonstrate how field-based dye concentration measurements can be integrated with UAV data for future studies of coastal water flow dynamics.
Sporadic and Severe Lower Respiratory Illness-related Human Adenovirus Type 21 Infection in Southern China
Authors: Liu Wenkuan , Zhang Li , Cai Yong , Chen Dehui , Qiu Shuyan , Wang Yanqun , Xu Duo , Gu Shujun , Li Xiao , Dai Jing , Liu Qian , Tian Xingui , Zhou Rong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Human adenovirus type 21 (HAdV-21) is an important member of HAdV species B, but our understanding of this type is limited. Methods: We screened HAdV and 17 other common respiratory pathogens for 1,704 pediatric patients (≤14 years old) hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Guangzhou, China in 2019. HAdV-21 infections were further confirmed by molecular typing from HAdV-positive patients, and their clinical manifestations, genomes, infectivity and pathogenicity in vitro were analyzed.Results: 151 of 1,704 cases (8.9%) were positive for HAdV, making it the third most frequently detected pathogen. Two sporadic HAdV-21 infections were identified in June and September. Both HAdV-21-positive patients presented with severe lower respiratory illness and had similar initial symptoms at onset of illness. The genome structure of HAdV-21 was found to be similar to that of other members of HAdV species B. The phylogenetic analysis showed that it was closely related to HAdV-B21 strain BB/201903 (MN686206) isolated in Bengbu, China in 2019, suggesting the possibility of the same source, and attention need to be paid to its prevention and control. In vitro, the infectivity and pathogenicity of HAdV-21 were lower than the main epidemic types 7 and 3. Plaques formed by HAdV-21, -7, and -3 were significantly different in shape and size (p < 0.05), with plaques formed by HAdV-21 being the smallest and with poorly defined edges. There was no significant difference between the plaques of the HAdV-21 isolates (p > 0.05). Conclusions: This study provides an important reference for the in-depth understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of HAdV-21, and suggests the necessity of HAdV-21 research, prevention and control.
Fabrication of Lignin-based Magnetic Adsorbent via Thiol-ene Click Reaction for the Effective Removal of Pb(II)
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Liu Yunlong , Jin can , Wu Guomin , Liu Guifeng , Kong Zhenwu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The effective and selective removal of heavy metal ions from sewage is a major challenge, and of great significance to the treatment and recovery of metal waste. Herein, a novel magnetic lignin-based adsorbent L@MNP was synthesized by thiol-ene click reaction under UV light irradiation. Multiple characterization techniques containing FT-IR, XRD, elemental analysis, VSM, SEM and TEM confirmed the formed nano-morphology and structure of L@MNP. Effects of pH, contact time, initial metal concentration and temperature on the batch adsorption of Pb(II) by L@MNP were investigated. Due to the existence of sulfur and oxygen containing sites, the maximum adsorption capacity of L@MNP for Pb(II) could reach 97.38 mg/g, while the adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 30 min. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were well described by the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model, respectively, suggesting a chemical and monolayer adsorption process. In addition, L@MNP showed a high adsorption selectivity (kPb = 0.903) toward Pb(II) in the presence of other co-existing metal ions. Experimental results also revealed that L@MNP displayed structural stability, easy recovery under external magnetic field, and acceptable recyclability after the fifth cycle. Considering its facile preparation, low cost and high adsorption efficiency, the developed L@MNP adsorbent demonstrated great potential in removing heavy metal ions from wastewater.
Identification of functional features underlying heat stress response in Sprague-Dawley rats using mixed linear models
Authors: Kotlarz Krzysztof , Mielczarek Magda , Wang Yachun , Dou Jinhuan , Suchocki Tomasz , Szyda Joanna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Since global temperature is expected to rise by 2℃ in 2050 heat stress may become the most severe environmental factor. In the study, we illustrate the application of mixed linear models for the analysis of whole transcriptome expression in livers and adrenal tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats obtained by a heat stress experiment. By applying those models, we considered four sources of variation in transcript expression, comprising transcripts (1), genes (2), Gene Ontology terms (3), and Reactome pathways (4) and focussed on accounting for the similarity within each source, which was expressed as a covariance matrix. Models based on transcripts or genes levels explained a larger proportion of log2 fold change than models fitting the functional components of Gene Ontology terms or Reactome pathways. In the liver, among the most significant genes were PNKD and TRIP12. In the adrenal tissue, one transcript of the SUCO gene was expressed more strongly in the control group than in the heat-stress group. PLEC had two transcripts, which were significantly overexpressed in the heat-stress group. PER3 was significant only on gene level. Moving to the functional scale, five Gene Ontologies and one Reactome pathway were significant in the liver. They can be grouped into ontologies related to DNA repair, histone ubiquitination, the regulation of embryonic development and cytoplasmic translation. Linear mixed models are valuable tools for the analysis of high-throughput biological data. Their main advantages are the possibility to incorporate information on covariance between observations and circumventing the problem of multiple testing.
A new tool for assessing Pectus Excavatum by a semi-automatic image processing pipeline calculating the classical severity indexes and a new marker: the Volumetric Correction Index
Authors: Tro' Rosella Denise 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

In clinical assessment of Pectus Excavatum (PE), the indication to surgery is based not only on symptoms but also on quantitative markers calculated from Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. According to clinical routine, these indexes are measured manually by radiologists with limited computer support. This process is time consuming and potentially subjected to inaccuracy and individual variability in measurements. Moreover, the existing indexes have limitations, since they are based on linear measurements performed on single slices rather than on volumetric data derived from all the thoracic scans.
Results

In this paper we present an image processing pipeline aimed at providing radiologists with a computer-aid tool in support of diagnosis of PE patients developed in MATLAB® and conceived for MRI images. This framework has a dual purpose: (i) to automatize computation of clinical indexes with a view to ease and standardize pre-operative evaluation; (ii) to propose a new marker of pathological severity based on volumetric analysis and overcoming the limitations of existing axial slice-based indexes. Final designed framework is semi-automatic, requiring some user interventions at crucial steps: this is realized through a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that simplifies the interaction between the user and the tools. We tested our pipeline on 50 pediatric patients from Gaslini Children’s Hospital and performed manual computation of indexes, comparing the results between the proposed tool and gold-standard clinical practice. Automatic indexes provided by our algorithm have shown good agreement with manual measurements by two independent readers. Moreover, the new proposed Volumetric Correction Index (VCI) has exhibited good correlation with standardized markers of pathological severity, proving to be a potential innovative tool for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.
Conclusions

Our pipeline represents an innovative image processing in PE evaluation, based on MRI images (radiation-free) and providing the clinician with a quick and accurate tool for automatically calculating the classical PE severity indexes and a new more comprehensive marker: the Volumetric Correction Index.
Association between Uterine Fibroid and Benign Thyroid Disease: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Yuk Jin-Sung , Kim Jung Min 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Uterine fibroid and benign thyroid disease are common diseases in women.
Objective

This study aims to evaluate both diseases are related.
Study Design:

We established the uterine fibroid group according to diagnosis codes and surgery codes using the Korea National Health Insurance data from 2007 to 2020. All women from 20 to 50 years old with uterine myomectomy from 2007 to 2020 were identified (uterine fibroids group). For controls, 1:1 propensity score matching was performed on age at 5-year intervals, socio-economic status (SES), region, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and menopause (control group). Thyroid disease cases were selected using the thyroid disease diagnosis code and thyroid-associated laboratory examination.
Results

A total of 21,246 patients were extracted from the uterine fibroid and control groups, respectively. The median ages of each group were 40 (range, 35 ~ 44) years and 40 (range, 35 ~ 44) years old. Benign thyroid disease was 469 (2.2%) in the uterine fibroid group and 246 (1.2%) in the control group. Among benign thyroid diseases, hypothyroidism was the largest in both groups. A non-toxic single thyroid nodule followed it. The uterine fibroid group had a higher incidence of hypothyroidism {relative risk (RR) 1.943, 95% CI 1.5-2.516), autoimmune thyroid disease (RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.065–2.373), goiter (RR 1.773, 95% CI 1.051–2.99), nontoxic single thyroid nodule (RR 2.213, 95% CI 1.685–2.907), other thyroid disease (RR 2.31, 95% CI 1.608–3.317), and total thyroid disease (RR 1.905, 95% CI 1.63–2.226) in logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, SES, region, CCI, and menopause compared than the control group. The uterine fibroid group had a higher risk of hypothyroidism (HR 1.431, 95% CI 1.023–2.001) and nontoxic single thyroid nodule (HR 1.511, 95% CI) in cox regression adjusted for age, SES, region, CCI, and menopause.
Conclusions

Uterine fibroid might be associated with hypothyroidism and thyroid nodule.
Established the first clinical prediction model regarding the risk of hyperuricemia in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Geng Yin-Hong , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Jun-Jun , Huang Bo , Guo Zui-Shuang , Wang Xu-Tong , Zhang Lin-Qi , Quan Song-Xia , Hu Rui-Min , Song Chun-Dong , Duan Feng-Yang , Liu Ya-Fei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective. To construct a novel nomogram model that predicts the risk of hyperuricemia incidence in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) . Methods. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of 1184 IgAN patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Hospital were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen out hyperuricemia risk factors. The risk factors were used to establish a predictive nomogram model. The performance of the nomogram model was evaluated using an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots, and a decision curve analysis. Results. Independent predictors for hyperuricemia incidence risk included sex, hypoalbuminemia, hypertriglyceridemia, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24-hour urinaryprotein (24h TP), Gross and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T). The nomogram model exhibited moderate prediction ability with an AUC of 0.834 ((95% CI 0.804–0.864)). The AUC from validation reached 0.787 (95% CI 0.736-0.839). The decision curve analysis displayed that the hyperuricemia risk nomogram was clinically applicable.Conclusion. Our novel and simple nomogram containing 8 factors may be useful in predicting hyperuricemia incidence risk in IgAN.
AM22 Inhibites the Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting CBFB
Authors: Meng Fanyi , Li Jiawei , Qiu Yajing , Zhang Haiyang , Zhang HJ , Wang Weipeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Our previous studies have revealed the important roles of the non-seed regions of miRNAs in gene regulation, which provided a novel insight in the development of miRNA analogs for cancer therapy. Here, we altered each nucleotide in the non-seed region of miR-34a and obtained novel synthetic miRNA analogs. Among them, AM22 with a base alteration from G to C at the 17th nucleotide of miR-34a, showed extensive anti-proliferative activity against several colorectal tumor cell lines, and achieved effective inhibition of CBFB (core binding factor subunit β) expression. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that AM22 directly targeted CBFB by binding to its 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Inhibition of CBFB showed obvious anti-proliferative activity on HCT-116 and SW620 cells. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative effects of AM22 on these cells were also measured in the xenograft mouse models. In conclusion, this study identified AM22 as a potential anti-tumor miRNA by targeting CBFB, and provided a new design approach for miRNA-based cancer treatment by changing the non-seed region of miRNA.