bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcription factor action orchestrates the complex expression pattern ofCRABS CLAW, a gynoecium developmental regulator in Arabidopsis
Authors: Gross Thomas , Becker Annette 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe flower of angiosperms is the most complex organ that plants generate and many transcription factors (TFs) are involved to regulate its morphogenesis in a coordinated way. In its center, the gynoecium develops consisting of specialized tissues such as secondary meristems, sites of postgenital fusion, ovules, pollen transmitting tract, all to assure successful sexual reproduction. Gynoecium development requires tight regulation of developmental regulators across time and tissues. However, while we know of several examples how simple on/off regulation of gene expression is achieved in plants, it remains unclear which regulatory processes generate complex expression patterns. Here, we use the gynoecium developmental regulatorCRABS CLAW (CRC)from Arabidopsis to study regulatory mechanisms contributing to its sophisticated expression pattern. Using a combination ofin silicopromoter analyses, global TF-DNA interaction screens, co-expression and mutant analysis we find that miRNA action, DNA methylation, and chromatin remodeling do not contribute substantially toCRCregulation. We show that a plethora of TFs bind to theCRCpromoter to fine-tune transcript abundance by activation of transcription, linkingCRCto specific developmental processes but not biotic or abiotic stress. Interestingly, the temporal-spatial aspects of regulation of expression may be under the control of redundantly acting genes and may require higher order complex formation at TF binding sites. We conclude that endogenous regulation of complex expression pattern of Arabidopsis genes requires orchestrated transcription factor action on several conserved promotor sites over almost 4 kb in length.Significance statementDifferent to genes that are simply switched on or off, depending on an environmental cue we find that genes directing development in plants often show complex expression pattern dependent on internal factors only. Here, we addressed the question how an complex expression pattern is achieved and use theCRABS CLAW (CRC)gene required for gynoecium development as an example. Combining wet lab experiments andin silicoanalysis we find that epigenetic regulation plays only a minor role and that a large number of transcription factors activates the transcription ofCRC. Single regulators may have a profound effect onCRCtranscript abundance but less so on the pattern of expression. Complex patterns most likely require the interplay of several transcription factors.
The motivation of operatives in small construction firms towards health and safety – A conceptual framework
Authors: Khan Sunan Babar , Proverbs David G. , Xiao Hong 
Published: March 2021

PurposeHealth and safety in small construction firms is often neglected by owners leading to poor health and safety performance and unacceptably high fatality and injury rates. A body of knowledge has established significant links between the motivational behaviours of operatives towards health and safety. Motivation is also considered as a key tool for improving operative productivity as when operatives experience safe worksites, they can carry out their work in a more productive manner. The purpose of this research is to develop a framework to examine the motivational factors that affect operative health and safety in small construction firms.Design/methodology/approachA critical review and synthesis of the body of knowledge incorporating motivational theory, health and safety literature and the factors which characterise small firms, is used to develop the framework.FindingsKey components of the framework include the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic components, appropriate health and safety policies and procedures, the type of work environment, the operatives (i.e. attitude, experience and training) as well as the presence of appropriate management and supervision. The study revealed that operatives in small firms are less likely to be extrinsically motivated due to the absence of training, management commitment, policies and the wider working environmentResearch limitations/implicationsFailure of motivational support can result in increased danger and risk in exposing operatives to injury in the small firm environment. In this context, the damage caused to operative's health and safety in small construction firms is dependent mainly on the extrinsic factors.Practical implicationsThe framework provides a basis for improving our understanding of how to motivate operatives to act safely and will help to improve the health and safety performance of small firms. It is therefore vital to emphasise enhancement efforts on these extrinsic strategies in the small firms' environment especially in the initial stages of the project (or activity), so that the health and safety of operatives in small firms can be improved.Originality/valueThis study proposes a contribution in developing an understanding of the motivational factors and their influence on the health and safety of operatives in small construction firms. The study revealed that operatives in small firms are less likely to be extrinsically motivated and have only intrinsically motivated elements in their workplace. The study proposes an indirect link between the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that affect motivation.
The impact of certification on the elements of TQM exploring the influence of company size and industry
Authors: Lepistö Kari , Saunila Minna , Ukko Juhani 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis study examines whether certification improves the dimensions of total quality management (TQM) and whether the impact of certification is similar across companies of different sizes and industries. The benefits of certification for companies have been widely discussed in recent years. The general debate has been partly marked by the dispute about whether companies will benefit more from certification or the implementation of TQM. This debate has led to numerous studies on the benefits of certification; however, few studies simultaneously have examined traditional TQM issues and the requirements of the new quality standard, ISO 9001: 2015, as well as the updated European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) criteria.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted via a survey of Finnish SMEs and covered both industrial and service companies. The study comprehensively compared industrial companies with service companies and small companies with medium-sized companies.FindingsIn industrial and small enterprises, certification clearly has a positive effect on the dimensions of TQM, but a similar effect was not observed in medium-sized enterprises or in the service sector.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to examine the effect of certification on TQM in different types of SMEs while simultaneously considering EFQM and ISO 9001:2015 in Finland. The significant originality of this research lies in the formation of a comprehensive research framework for the dimensions of TQM.
The role of the employees' individual resources in the perception of the work overload
Authors: Pluta Anna , Rudawska Aleksandra 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe contemporary world's pressure, oriented on flexibility and quick actions, has permanently changed work characteristics. Taking the employees' perspective into account, it seems important to identify whether and which of the employees' individual resources help them cope with those job demands. Therefore, the main research question is what is the relation between holistically conceptualised employees' individual resources and perceived work overload?Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature on individual resources and job demands, the authors test for relations between three components of individual resources (physical, emotional, spiritual potentials) and job characteristics (work variability and work diversity) and the perceived work overload. Data were collected using a survey method amongst 336 Polish knowledge workers.FindingsThe results partially supported the posed hypotheses. Both work variability and work diversity relate positively to work overload. Only the physical potential is related directly and negatively to perceived work overload. The spiritual potential relates indirectly to work overload through work diversity. The authors also found that age moderates the relation between physical and spiritual potential and overload.Research limitations/implicationsHuman resource management (HRM) practitioners and supervisors need to consider the level of employee's individual resources, especially when dealing with older employees and their physical resources.Originality/valueThis study contributes to research on the causes of work overload perception by identifying the role of individual resources and employees' age, thereby indicating that taking care of those resources could be another way of preventing occupational burnout in demanding work conditions.
The concerns associated with future prospects of the food cart business in Chittagong, Bangladesh: is the concept of halalan tayyiba missing link?
Authors: Islam Ariful , Wahab Sazali Abd 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The informal segment compared to the formal segment is developing rapidly in urban areas of many developing Muslim countries. However, matter of fact, the contribution factor of the food cart business to the economic outline of the country has been vastly overlooked or neglected. The authority, policymakers, social organisations, vendors and the customers together need to play a contributing role based on intervention tactics regarding the major focus areas related to the development of this business segment. As a result, this study aims to explore concerns or issues that are hampering future business prospects considering the philosophy of halalan tayyiba.

Design/methodology/approach
The study has organised 16 semi-structured interview procedures with relevant food cart vendors of Chittagong, Bangladesh. The study selected participants (food cart vendors) from lower- to medium-income areas occupying at least one high school, one college in relation to several commercial premises (ex-mini shopping malls, offices and small factories) considering 6 out of 41 wards of Chittagong city corporation. All meetings with reflected participants were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim and transcripts were loaded into NVivo for coding and analysis procedure.

Findings
This investigation revealed that issues with food security, weather, lack of proper legislation, lack of awareness related with halalan tayyiba and erratic policies are the major challenges for the development of the food cart business in Chittagong. This study also advances how street food security well-being and hygiene practices are a piece of the halal idea and should in this way be adjusted by the halal food segment to accomplish halalan tayyiba affirmation. The outcomes also indicate an agenda for future research in this area.

Research limitations/implications
More reflections from the different stakeholders do have both pertinence and potential for incorporation in suggestions.

Practical implications
The detected findings may help both authority and other concerned entities to identify the critical dynamics to initiate appropriate strategic activities towards local economic growth considering halalan tayyiba outlines.

Social implications
It will ensure social well-being and food security.

Originality/value
This explorative research is one of few studies in the Bangladesh context, which is investigating halalan tayyiba-oriented business development outline for micro entrepreneurs.
The relationships among self-efficacy, health literacy, self-care and glycemic control in older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Saleh Ariyanti , Wirda Wirda , Irwan Andi Masyitha , Latif Aulia Insani 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
This study aims to identify the relationships among self-efficacy, health literacy, self-care and glycemic control in older people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM).

Design/methodology/approach
This study was a descriptive analytics correlational study with a cross-sectional design. The sampling method was purposive sampling involving 68 older people with type 2 DM.

Findings
The results showed that self-efficacy, health literacy and self-care correlated with glycemic control at significant levels of p = 0.020, p = 0.002 and p = 0.022, respectively.

Practical implications
Nurses should help older people with type 2 DM in maintaining their self-efficacy and self-care and increasing their health literacy to ensure their glycemic control is in normal state.

Originality/value
This study showed that self-care, self-efficacy and health literacy had a significant correlation with glycemic control in older people with type 2 DM. It indicates that the better self-care, self-efficacy and health literacy of patients, the more likely the patients’ blood HbA1C level to be in the normal range.
Escherichia coli segments its controls on carbon‐dependent gene expression into global and specific regulations
Authors: Pan Qing , Li Zongjin , Ju Xian , Hou Chaofan , Xiao Yunzhu , Shi Ruoping , Fu Chunxiang , Danchin Antoine , You Conghui 
Published: March 2021

SummaryHow bacteria adjust gene expression to cope with variable environments remains open to question. Here, we investigated the way global gene expression changes in E. coli correlated with the metabolism of seven carbon substrates chosen to trigger a large panel of metabolic pathways. Coarse‐grained analysis of gene co‐expression identified a novel regulation pattern: we established that the gene expression trend following immediately the reduction of growth rate (GR) was correlated to its initial expression level. Subsequent fine‐grained analysis of co‐expression demonstrated that the Crp regulator, coupled with a change in GR, governed the response of most GR‐dependent genes. By contrast, the Cra, Mlc and Fur regulators governed the expression of genes responding to non‐glycolytic substrates, glycolytic substrates or phosphotransferase system transported sugars following an idiosyncratic way. This work allowed us to expand additional genes in the panel of gene complement regulated by each regulator and to elucidate the regulatory functions of each regulator comprehensively. Interestingly, the bulk of genes controlled by Cra and Mlc were, respectively, co‐regulated by Crp‐ or GR‐related effect and our quantitative analysis showed that each factor took turns to work as the primary one or contributed equally depending on the conditions.
Mechanisms Controlling Climate Warming Impact on the Occurrence of Hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Tian Richard , Cerco Carl F. , Bhatt Gopal , Linker Lewis C. , Shenk Gary W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractClimate change represents an increasing stressor on estuarine and coastal ecosystems. A series of simulations were run using the Integrated Compartment Water Quality Model to determine the magnitude of various mechanisms controlling the effect of climate warming on dissolved oxygen (DO) in the Chesapeake Bay. The results suggested that the average hypoxic volume in the summer would increase by 9% (410 Mm3) from 1995 to 2025 as air temperature increases by 1.06°C and water temperature by 0.9°C. The change in DO solubility contributes 55% of the total climate warming effect, biological rates 33%, and stratification 11%. The Rappahannock Shoal, a hydraulic control point, plays a major role in determining the effect of climate warming on DO in the Bay. Due to the abrupt change in bathymetry, the convergence between seaward‐moving freshwater and landward‐moving saltwater causes downwelling and enhanced vertical mixing which introduces surface water of higher temperature to the deep channel and accelerates organic matter remineralization and oxygen consumption in deep waters. Surface water DO concentrations will decrease under climate warming conditions due to lower DO solubility, reducing DO flux to the deep channel and contributing to hypoxia development. These findings provide critical information for future management decision making regarding the effects of climate warming on DO in Chesapeake Bay and other estuaries.
Dacomitinib as a retreatment for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer patient with an uncommon EGFR mutation
Authors: Morita Ayako , Hosokawa Shinobu , Yamada Kotaro , Umeno Takahiro , Kano Hirohisa , Kayatani Hiroe , Shiojiri Masaaki , Sakugawa Makoto , Bessho Akihiro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are mutations other than Ex19 deletion and Ex21 L858R, which are common mutations highly sensitive to EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Afatinib, a second‐generation EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in patients with uncommon mutations. Dacomitinib, another second‐generation EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has not previously been shown to be effective in patients with uncommon mutations. Here, we report the efficacy of dacomitinib for uncommon EGFR mutations in a 71‐year‐old woman diagnosed with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with uncommon EGFR mutation (Ex18 G719A). Afatinib was administered as the first‐line treatment, and a remarkable antitumor effect was observed. However, the tumor grew after 14 months. Pemetrexed plus carboplatin followed by pemetrexed, docetaxel, atezolizumab and S‐1 were performed in sequence. Although approximately four years had passed since the start of treatment, her physical condition was good. The patient started dacomitinib as the sixth‐line treatment. Lesions were markedly reduced and treatment with dacomitinib was continued for 7.8 months. Dacomitinib is a possible treatment option for NSCLC with uncommon mutations.
Endobronchial brachytherapy combined with surgical procedure for synchronous multiple primary lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Omori Kazuki , Nomoto Yoshihito , Kawamura Tomoko , Kubooka Makiko , Kawaguchi Koji , Ii Noriko , Takada Akinori , Toyomasu Yutaka , Sakuma Hajime 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe management of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer is a challenge. In this report, we describe our experience in a patient with three synchronous multiple cancers. The first lesion was completely surgically removed, the second lesion received postoperative irradiation, and the third lesion was treated with radiotherapy alone. Radiation therapies were performed using a combination of external irradiation and endobronchial brachytherapy. Endobronchial brachytherapy is an effective radiation therapy for endobronchial tumors owing to its advantage of high‐dose concentration. However, adverse events (AEs) such as hemoptysis or severe bronchitis are a problem. Thus, we have developed an applicator to keep the radioactive source in the center of the bronchial lumen. A total of 28 months after treatment, the patient had not experienced any relapses or AEs. Endobronchial brachytherapy using an applicator can be an alternative treatment for cases in which surgery is expected to lead to pulmonary dysfunction.
Age as a predictor of quit attempts and quit success in smoking cessation: findings from the International Tobacco Control Four‐Country survey (2002–14)
Authors: Arancini Lauren , Borland Ron , Le Grande Michael , Mohebbi Mohammadreza , Dodd Seetal , Dean Olivia M. , Berk Michael , McNeill Ann , Fong Geoffrey T. , Cummings K. Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsPast research has found that young smokers are more likely to make quit attempts; however, there are conflicting findings regarding age and quit success. This study examined the degree to which smoker age is related to making quit attempts and quit success.DesignTen waves of the International Tobacco Control Policy Cohort survey (ITC‐4C) collected between 2002 and 2014, with nine wave‐to‐wave transitions with predictors at the first wave predicting quit attempts and success by the next wave.SettingCanada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia.ParticipantsData from 15 874 smokers categorized into four age groups at baseline (18–24, 25–39, 40–54 and 55+ years).MeasurementsAge, quit attempts and success (defined as ≥ 30 days abstinence confirmed, if possible, on a third wave for recent attempts).FindingsOlder smokers were more likely to smoke daily (χ2 = 1557.86, r = 0.136, P < 0.001) than younger smokers. Daily smokers were less likely to report quit attempts (38.1 versus 58.2%) and to achieve 30 days of abstinence (22.9 versus 34.3%) than non‐daily smokers. Older daily smokers were less likely to make quit attempts [0.61, confidence interval (CI) = 0.54–0.70, P < 0.001], even after controlling for indicators of nicotine dependence, country, sex, education, income, relationship status and household composition, than younger smokers. Younger smokers (< 25) were more likely to succeed for at least 30 days of abstinence, but only when compared with those aged 40–54 (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.68–0.99). However, when controlling for heaviness of smoking the age effect disappeared. Significant interactions with age were found between age and intention when predicting quit attempts, and age and heaviness of smoking when predicting quit success.ConclusionsAn international cohort study indicates that young smokers are more likely to attempt to quit and appear to have similar levels of success in abstaining from smoking compared with older smokers when controlling for dependence. Quit success in all ages is most predicted by lower levels of nicotine dependence.