bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Real-Business-Cycle Model with Institutional Quality: The Case of Bulgaria (1999–2018)
Authors: Vasilev Aleksandar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper takes an otherwise standard real-business-cycle (RBC) setup with government sector, and augments it with an output-expropriation mechanism and shocks to institutional quality in order to study business cycle fluctuations. The extraction decision is endogenous: households can use their time either productively, or engage in opportunistic activities. Stronger institutions decrease the size of the available resources for capture, and suppress corrupt behavior. As a test case, the model is calibrated to Bulgaria after the introduction of the currency board (1999–2018). Overall, the shocks to institutional quality generate business cycles of the same magnitude as in data, which suggests that political economy factors might be the major driving force behind the observed economic fluctuations in Bulgaria. Another interesting result, generated by the model, is that on average, the estimated size of evaded resources is approximately one-fourth of output, which is very close to the estimates of the unofficial economy share, e.g. European Commission (2014). Special eurobarometer 402: undeclared work. European Commission, Brussels and Medina, L. and Schneider, F. (2017). Shadow economies around the world: what did we learn over the last 20 Years? IMF Working Paper WP/18/17. International Monetary Fund, Washington DC.
Spiritueller Missbrauch: Eine qualitativ-empirische Untersuchung von 105 Betroffenen in Freikirchen
Authors: Sewer Raffael , Pfeifer Samuel 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Begriff „Geistlicher Missbrauch“ bezeichnet eine Form von Machtmissbrauch im religiösen Kontext, die sowohl im katholischen als auch im freikirchlichen Raum beschrieben wurde. Bisher gab es aber kaum empirische Studien des Phänomens. Befragt wurden 105 Personen aus dem freikirchlichen Umfeld, die in einer Online-Umfrage angaben, einen spirituellen Missbrauch erlebt zu haben. Bei sieben Befragten wurde zudem ein ausführliches narratives Interview durchgeführt, das dann aufgrund der Methodik der Grounded Theory systematisch ausgewertet wurde. Folgende Formen des Missbrauchs wurden beschrieben: Bevormundung und Beschämung, Kleinhalten der Person, Machtansprüche aufgrund der Position, Missbrauch der Bibel oder von „Geistesgaben“, unangemessene Einmischung ins Privatleben, Ausbeutung, Gesetzlichkeit und Vermittlung eines falschen Gottesbildes. Keine Person beschrieb einen sexuellen Missbrauch. Die Auswirkung eines spirituellen Missbrauchs zeigt sich neben verschiedenen spirituellen und psychischen Auswirkungen in einer signifikanten Verminderung des Interesses an der Kirche (von 82 vor der Missbrauchserfahrung auf 33.9 Prozent danach), während die selben Personen weiterhin den persönlichen Glauben als wichtig erachteten (82 gegenüber 92 Prozent vor dem Missbrauch). Die Aussagen der Betroffenen in der Online-Umfrage und in den Interviews geben Einblicke in ihre Strategien der Bewältigung des Traumas mit den Schwerpunkten Abgrenzung, Eigenverantwortung und Veränderung der Führungskultur in den Kirchen.
Kombinierte Augmented Reality und 3D-Vermessung zur Inspektion großer mechanischer Bauteile
Authors: Sauer Steffen , Heizmann Michael , Berndt Dirk 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
In dieser Arbeit stellen wir einen neuen Ansatz zur geometrischen Inspektion großer mechanischer Bauteile vor. Dazu benutzen wir ein Portal, das auf einer Linearachse manuell verschoben werden kann. An dem Portal sind ein frei beweglicher 3D-Streifenlichtsensor und eine zusätzliche Augmented-Reality-Kamera angebracht. Insgesamt deckt das Portal einen Arbeitsraum von

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ab, wobei die Position und Orientierung der Sensoren in einem globalen Koordinatensystem durch ein optisches Motion-Capturing-System bestimmt werden. Es wird gezeigt, dass Nutzer mittels Augmented Reality sehr schnell und intuitiv grobe Geometrieabweichungen erkennen können. Zur detaillierten, metrischen Vermessung können 3D-Punktewolken aufgenommen und automatisiert ausgewertet werden.
Sprung in die zweite Reihe? Zu den lokalen Bedingungen rent gap-getriebener immobilienwirtschaftlicher Aufwertung in Brandenburgs Mittelstädten
Authors: Bůžek Richard , Mießner Michael 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungGegenwärtig sind nicht mehr nur deutsche Großstädte von Immobilien- und Mietpreissteigerungen geprägt, sondern zunehmend auch die Wohnungsmärkte des metropolitanen Umlandes. Angesichts dieser Entwicklungen drängt sich die Frage auf, ob sich die Wohnungsfrage zunehmend auch auf Mittelstädte ausweitet. Der Beitrag geht dieser Frage mit Rückgriff auf die rent gap-Theorie nach. Diese versteht die Entwicklungen auf Immobilienmärkten nicht als abstrakte Automatismen der räumlichen Ausweitung immobilienwirtschaftlicher Aufwertung, sondern betont, dass die rent gap gesellschaftlich unter verschiedenen historisch-geographischen Bedingungen immer wieder neu hergestellt wird. Folglich diskutiert der Beitrag die konkreten lokalen Konstellationen aus angebots- und nachfrageseitigen Entwicklungen sowie stadtpolitischen Interventionen, die Grundrentensteigerungen ermöglichen. Als empirisches Beispiel dienen die brandenburgischen Zweite Reihe-Städte Fürstenwalde (Spree) und Neuruppin. Während beide Mittelstädte eine ähnliche Bevölkerungsentwicklung zu verzeichnen haben, sind sie verkehrsinfrastrukturell unterschiedlich gut an das Berliner Zentrum angebunden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich in der besser an Berlin angeschlossenen Stadt Fürstenwalde (Spree) keine rent gap öffnet, während in der weiter entfernten Stadt Neuruppin eine rent gap entsteht. Diese – den abstrakten Theorien räumlicher Ausbreitung von Immobilieninvestitionen entgegenstehenden – Forschungsergebnisse machen deutlich, dass die jeweiligen historisch-geographischen und lokalen Bedingungen entscheidend sind, um die Entstehung von rent gaps zu verstehen. Der Beitrag schlussfolgert, dass die Wirtschafts- und Stadtgeographie diesen Bedingungen größere Aufmerksamkeit widmen sollte, um Entwicklungen in Mittelstädten zu verstehen.
A convenient one-pot approach to the synthesis of novel pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles fused to heterocyclic systems and evaluation of their biological activity as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Authors: Ashram Muhammad , Al-Mustafa Ahmed , Al-Zereini Wael A. , Awwadi Firas F. , Ashram Islam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPyrazino[1,2-a]indoles fused with various heterocycles, such as oxazolidine, oxazinane, imidazolidine, hexahydropyrimidine and benzimidazole, were synthesized transition metal-free by domino reactions which involved the condensation of 1-(2-bromoethyl)-3-chloro-1H-indole-2-carbaldehydes28–31with various nucleophilic amines, resulting in the formation of two new interesting fused heterocycles. The anticholinesterase, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the compounds were evaluated. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities were tested by Ellman’s assay, antioxidant activities were detected using the 2,2-azinobis[3-ethylbenzthiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+) free-radical scavenging method and antibacterial activities were determined by agar diffusion tests. The oxazolo-pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles (8,10), the oxazino-pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles (16,18,19), the pyrimido-pyrazino[1,2-a]indole(22), and the benzoimidazo-pyrazino[1,2-a]indole (27) possessed the highest inhibitory activity against AChE with IC50values in the range 20–40 μg mL−1. The oxazolo-pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles (8,9), the imidazo-pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles (12,13), and the benzoimidazo-pyrazino[1,2-a]indole (24) revealed the highest antioxidant values with IC50values less than 300 μg mL−1. However, the oxazolo-pyrazino[1,2-a]indole (11) and imidazo-pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles (12,13) exhibited weak to moderate bioactivities against all tested Gram-positive bacteria, namelyStaphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilisandBacillus cereus.
Reply to the letter regarding “Chronic mechanical irritation and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis”
Authors: Gupta Archana A , Kheur Supriya , Varadarajan Saranya , Parveen Sameena , Dewan Harisha , Alhazmi Yaser Ali , Raj A. Thirumal , Testarelli Luca , Patil Shankargouda 
Published: May 2021

Dear Editor,
We thank Dr. Jian Xie for the valuable inputs on our paper titled ‘Chronic mechanical irritation and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis [1].’ The first concern of Dr. Xie was that we had included two studies that were based on the same population. We re-examined these papers, one was published in 2010 [2] and the other in 2017 [3] by the same group of authors. Given the significant time difference between the two papers, we did not want to presume they were from the same sample population. There is no clear evidence that they are from the same sample population.
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Radiosurgical treatment of medically refractory Parkinson’s tremor
Authors: Ivanov P. I. , Zubatkina I. S. , Butovskaya D. A. , Kozhokar T. I. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. In spite of medication treatment being today the basic form of treatment for Parkinson’s disease, surgical methods may be preferable to improve symptoms of the disease. Radiosurgery is one of them, but in Russia, to date, there are no publications summarizing data about the experience of using this method throughout the country.The study objective is to evaluate the effect of radiosurgical thalamotomy (destruction of the intermediate ventral nucleus of the thalamus) on the severity of tremor in patients with Parkinson’s disease, as well as to estimate the frequency of complications of this intervention, the frequency of different variants of radiological and clinical-neurological response.Materials and methods. One hundred and one (101) patients with medically refractory Parkinson’s tremor received Gamma Knife radiosurgery in our centre over a 10‑year period, of whom 10 patients were treated bilaterally. Pre-treatment evaluation was done using tremor assessment scales and video recordings of tremor intensity. Gamma Knife radiosurgery was provided with Leksell Gamma Knife 4C and Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion (Elekta AB, Sweden) preceded by magnetic resonance tractography the day before treatment. The same planning protocol was used for all patients, the target was ventral intermediate nucleus and the prescription dose of 130 Gy was delivered with a 4 mm isocenter. After treatment, patients were evaluated radiologically and neurologically at regular 6‑month intervals, as well as through telephone interviews and video recordings.Results. Ninety-two (92) patients were included in the analysis of the results of radiosurgical treatment. Median follow-up time after radiosurgery was 26 months, from 6 to 113 months. Tremor reduction was achieved in 76 % of the patients, 61 % of whom had almost complete tremor arrest. Decreased tremors were observed from 1 to 6 months after treatment, with a mean of 4 months. Three (3) patients experienced tremor resurgence after 3–7 years. Complications were observed in 6.5 % of patients and were transient in character. Some of the patients developed severe depression. Only 1 patient had a serious complication in the form of thalamic haemorrhage (at 22 months after treatment). Ten (10) patients who were treated bilaterally all showed considerable clinical improvement and absence of complications.Conclusion. Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a safe and effective functional neurosurgical procedure for tremor correction to improve patients’ quality of life, especially when deep brain stimulation is not accessible. Patients with severe medically refractory tremors are good candidates for Gamma Knife treatment, which showed high efficacy and a low risk of complications.
The p64 flow-diverting stent in the treatment of difficult cerebral vascular aneurysms: technical features and results
Authors: Kiselev V. S. , Sosnov A. O. , Perfiliev A. M. , Gafurov R. R. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Since the appearance of the first flow-diverting stents (FDS) Pipeline (Covidien, USA) and Silk (Balt Extrusion, France) in 2008, numerous studies have been conducted that have shown their high efficiency in the treatment of difficult aneurysms, accompanied by a low frequency long-term recanalization with a moderate risk of developing intra- and postoperative complications, thus making them an alternative to the classic use of coils.The study objective is to evaluate the results of the p64 PPS using in the treatment of patients with cerebral aneurysms of various localization in a single neurosurgical hospital.Materials and methods. In the department of vascular neurosurgery of the Federal Neurosurgical Center, Novosibirsk for the period from June 2017 to December 2019, 90 patients (10 (11.1 %) male, 80 (88.9 %) female) with cerebral aneurysms were operated using p64 FDS.Results. All 90 patients received 93 p64 FDS. In 79 (87.8 %) patients, only a stent was implanted, in 9 (12.2 %) – in combination with coils. Follow-up after 6 months was observed in 39 (43.3 %) patients, while it should be noted that no patient showed an increase in neurological deficit. The complete occlusion rate after 6 months was 76.9 %. A favorable treatment outcome according to the modified Rankin Scale at the time of discharge was obtained in 82 (91.1 %) patients. Mortality was in 1 (1.1 %) case.Conclusion. The p64 FDS is an effective endovascular device in the treatment of patients with difficult cerebral aneurysms and has a rather low incidence of intra- and postoperative complications.
Bağlayıcı Olarak CMC Kullanımının Kromit Konsantrelerinden Üretilen Soğuk Bağlı Kompozit Peletlerin Mukavemetine Etkisi
Authors: ÇALIGÜLÜ Uğur , BOYRAZLI Mustafa , KARATAŞ Selçuk , ÇAKIR Ercan , KESKİN Ali 
Published: May 2021

Kompozit pelet ya da briket kelimesi, genellikle bünyesinde toz cevher ya da konsantre, cüruf yapıcı ve katı redükleyici madde (kömür, kok vb.) içeren pelet veya briketler için kullanılan bir terimdir. Bunlar üretildikten sonra, bir sonraki aşamada gerekli işlemler için, düşük sıcaklıklarda (25-300oC) mukavemet kazandırılmış peletlerdir. Bu pelet ya da briketler, alternatif demir çelik üretim yöntemlerinden olan sünger demir üretim prosesleri için kullanılan bir malzemedir.
Bu çalışmada; ETİKROM Yıldırım Holding’den sağlanan, yaklaşık %52 Cr2O3 tenörlü kromit konsantresi, redükleyici olarak kok tozu ve flaks malzemesi olarak Ca(OH)2, peletleri oluşturan taneciklerin birbirine bağlanmasını sağlayan karboksi metil selüloz (CMC) kullanılarak elde edilen kromit peletlerinin, elektrik ark fırınlarına beslenmeden önce ön redüksiyon işlemi için gerekli mukavemete sahip olması amacıyla, kompozit pelet üretiminin gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deneylerde; konsantreye önce sadece %0,5, %1 ve %2 oranlarında CMC ilave edilmiş ve üretilen peletlerin yaş pelet düşme sayısı ile kuru mukavemet değerlerine bakılmıştır. Buna göre; CMC oranının arttmasıyla, mukavemet ve yaş pelet düşme sayısının arttığı gözlenmiş, %2 CMC ilave edilen peletlerin 90 dakika, 200oC sıcaklıkta bekletilmeleri sonucu 39,36 kg-kuvvet/Pelet (386 N/Pelet) kuru mukavemet değerinin elde edildiği görülmüştür. %2 CMC ilave edilerek üretilen peletlerini yaş pelet düşme sayılarının 23-27 düşme/45 cm arasında değiştiği gözlenmiştir. %2 CMC, %20 kok tozu ve %4 Ca(OH)2 ilave edilerek üretilen kompozit peletlerin mukavemet değerlerinin, 73,9 kg-kuvvet/Pelet (725 N/Pelet) kuru mukavemet değerine sahip oldukları tespit edildi. Elde edilen bu mukavemet değerleri, soğukta sertleşen pelet mukavemet standartlarının üzerinde bir değerdir.
Konuma Dayalı Hız Vektörlerinin Zamansal Analizi
Authors: TÜRK Emre , YILDIRIM Ömer , İNYURT Samed 
Published: May 2021

Hassas ve güvenilir hız bilgilerinin elde edilmesi ve konum doğruluğu GNSS bazlı çok sayıda çalışma için önem arz etmektedir. Bu sebeple, nokta hızlarının kullanılabilirliği için gereken optimum sürenin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. İç Anadolu Bölgesinin güneyinde yer alan ve deprem riskinin en az olduğu illerden biri olan Karaman ilinde bulunan TUSAGA-Aktif istasyonlarından biri olan KAMN istasyonuna ait 24 saatlik RINEX verileri 8 adet IGS istasyonuna dayalı olarak İsviçre’nin Bern üniversitesi tarafından geliştirilen Bernese v5.2 bilimsel GNSS yazılımı ile değerlendirilmiştir. KAMN istasyonunun 2016-2019 yılları arasında her yılın Ocak ve Haziran aylarının 1-18 günleri çalışma günleri olarak seçilmiştir. 1 Ocak 2016’dan başlanmış, birbirini takip eden 5’er günlük kombinasyonlara ayrılarak (1-5, 2-6, 3-7, …, 14-18) 14 farklı kombinasyon oluşturulmuştur. KAMN istasyonunun 30 sn RINEX verileri kullanılarak her kombinasyon için 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 ve 42 aylık 7 farklı dönemde ITRF96 2005.00 epoğunda hız bileşenleri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen hız bileşenleri, TKGM tarafından yayınlanan güncel hız bileşenleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır ve istatistik test yapılarak uyumlu olup olmadığı irdelenmiştir.
Yapılan istatistik test sonucunda, VX ve VY kartezyen koordinat hızları için sonuçların 30 ay (2.5yıl)’lık dönemden, VZ için 36 ay (3yıl)’lık dönemden itibaren hesaplanan hızların, bilinen hızlarla uyumlu olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Zaman arttıkça elde edilecek olan hızların doğruluğu da artmaktadır. Bundan dolayı zaman kavramı önemli olup, jeodezik amaçlı çalışmalarda yorum yapabilmek için hız bileşenleri elde edilirken en az 36 ay (3 yıl)’lık bir veri uzunluğuna ihtiyaç olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Double Differencing by Demeaning: Applications to Hypocenter Location and Wavespeed Tomography
Authors: Roecker Steven , Maharaj Ariane , Meyers Sean , Comte Diana 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTDouble differencing of body-wave arrival times has proved to be a useful technique for increasing the resolution of earthquake locations and elastic wavespeed images, primarily because (1) differences in arrival times often can be determined with much greater precision than absolute onset times and (2) differencing reduces the effects of unknown, unmodeled, or otherwise unconstrained variables on the arrival times, at least to the extent that those effects are common to the observations in question. A disadvantage of double differencing is that the system of linearized equations that must be iteratively solved generally is much larger than the undifferenced set of equations, in terms of both the number of rows and the number of nonzero elements. In this article, a procedure based on demeaning subsets of the system of equations for hypocenters and wavespeeds that preserves the advantages of double differencing is described; it is significantly more efficient for both wavespeed-only tomography and joint hypocenter location-wavespeed tomography. Tests suggest that such demeaning is more efficient than double differencing for hypocenter location as well, despite double-differencing kernels having fewer nonzeros. When these subsets of the demeaned system are appropriately scaled and simplified estimates of observational uncertainty are used, the least-squares estimate of the perturbations to hypocenters and wavespeeds from demeaning are identical to those obtained by double differencing. This equivalence breaks down in the case of general, observation-specific weighting, but tests suggest that the resulting differences in least-squares estimates are likely to be inconsequential. Hence, demeaning offers clear advantages in efficiency and tractability over double differencing, particularly for wavespeed tomography.
MONITOREO DE UNA COLONIA REPRODUCTIVA DE LA GARZA AGAMI Agamia agami EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL YASUNÍ
Authors: Maldonado Casanova Gabriel Enrique 
Published: May 2021

Durante los meses de febrero a julio del 2017 se realizó el primer monitoreo de una colonia reproductiva de la Garza Agamí (Agamia agamí), la primera identificada en Ecuador. Esta colonia se encuentra en la laguna Batelón, sector nororiental del Parque Nacional Yasuní. La primera visita se realizó antes de la llegada temprana de los adultos el 13 de febrero, y luego se visitó la colonia cada 30 días hasta observar los primeros huevos el 15 de marzo. El 19 de abril se registraron las primeras eclosiones; el 6 de mayo se observó a las crías de estas primeras eclosiones con un tamaño de 40-50 cm, y las de eclosiones más tardías con un tamaño de 15-20 cm. Esto evidencia una reproducción asincrónica. El 6 de junio se observaron a algunos juveniles cambiando de plumones y pescando. En la última visita el 6 de julio se observó el abandono de la mayoría de individuos adultos y juveniles de la colonia principal. Durante el periodo de estudio se registraron 180 individuos adultos, 90 nidos y 180 huevos (dos por nido). El éxito de reproducción fue del 80% y la mortalidad de 20% hasta el mes de mayo. Después, todos los polluelos abandonaron los nidos. En un monitoreo posterior el 18 de marzo de 2018 se registraron 240 individuos en la colonia principal y 360 individuos en los alrededores, la mayoría en la parte posterior de la laguna donde se forman pequeñas colonias de nidificación por lo que en su conjunto podría tratarse de una de las colonias más grandes de la región de una especie considerada como vulnerable a nivel mundial por lo que se recomienda un monitoreo continuo a través del tiempo y visitas controladas.
Palabras clave: Parque Nacional Yasuní, colonia, monitoreo, reproducción, Agamia agami.
The Importance of Supply Chain Management Practices in Increasing Customer Satisfaction and Customer Retention: Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Abdullah 
Published: May 2021

This study sought to determine the effects of supply chain management practices on customer satisfaction and retention in major retails food companies located in Southern Region of Saudi Arabia. Data collection was done by survey using questionnaire. The number of samples is 208 employees, with the method of convenient sampling. The method of analysis in this study is the multiple linear regression analysis, with SSPS testing reliability and normality, correlation, hypothesis testing, simultaneous effect and the coefficient of determination. The results find a statistically significant and positive relationship between strategic supplier partnership (SSP), customer relationship (CR), Level of information sharing (LIS), level of information quality (LIQ) postponement practice (PP) and customer satisfaction (CS). However, the relationship between Customer Relationship (CR) and customer satisfaction (CS) is considered statistically non-significant and negative. Furthermore, customer satisfaction (CS) is a good predictors of customer retention (CRe). This finding can be used implementatively for management to improve the elements supporting the strengthening of supply chain management practices and increasing customer satisfaction and retention in the retail food companies. Nonetheless, the findings of the study help companies to improve the quality of their services, products, and treat customers as their first priority in order to be retained them. Therefore, theses guide customers to recommend the firms to others. The results identify the influence of supply chain management practices on the customer satisfaction and retention according to the food retail sector in Saudi Arabia.