bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sublingual buprenorphine for acute postoperative cancer pain: a retrospective study
Authors: Penno Janelle , Young Jamie , Ding Jackson , Moushi Jala , Chou Jason 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSublingual buprenorphine is an atypical opioid that potentially has a wider safety profile than conventional opioids. However, there is a paucity of literature concerning its role in acute postoperative pain.AimTo describe the use of sublingual buprenorphine including efficacy and safety for the management of acute postoperative pain at a comprehensive cancer centre.MethodA retrospective study of sublingual buprenorphine analgesia after cancer surgery between 1 June 2015 to 31 October 2016. Outcome measures included pain scores (Verbal Numerical Rating Scale), dosage, oral morphine equivalent daily dose before treatment, adverse events, co‐analgesia, duration of treatment and length of stay. Patients were categorised as responders or non‐responders based on their response. Ethics approved by the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Expedited Ethics Review Committee (approval no. 18/59R).ResultsSixty‐six patients were included with a mean age of 62.8 years and 53% were male. Of those, 86.3% (55/66) were categorised as responders to sublingual buprenorphine treatment. Pain scores were significantly lower in responders compared to non‐responders after treatment 4.2 versus 7.3 (p < 0.05). Sublingual buprenorphine was well tolerated with a low adverse event frequency (10.6%), with nausea/vomiting reported most commonly. All patients were prescribed at least one co‐analgesic. The mean duration of treatment was 6.2 days and there was no difference in length of stay between groups.ConclusionAfter cancer surgery, patients can benefit from sublingual buprenorphine analgesia due to its safe adverse event profile and overall self‐reported efficacy. Further research is recommended to account for confounders including study in a larger cohort.
No cubic integer polynomial generates a Sidon sequence
Authors: Dubickas Artūras , Novikas Aivaras 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper we show that for no integer n0 and no polynomial f with integer coefficients and degree at most 3 the sequence of values can be a Sidon sequence. This settles a corresponding conjecture of Ruzsa. To prove this result for each we construct infinitely many solutions of the Diophantine equation in pairwise distinct positive integers .
The impact of infectious disease threat on consumers' pattern‐seeking in sequential choices
Authors: Park Jooyoung , Kim Jungkeun , Jhang Jihoon , Lee Jacob C. , Lee Jaehoon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe pandemic outbreak poses one of the most influential threats. When faced with such a threat, consumers engage in adaptive behaviors, and one way to do so may pertain to pattern‐seeking in their choices. Across five studies, we show that consumers exhibit patterns in sequential choice under the threat of COVID‐19. Specifically, consumers high (vs. low) in the perceived threat increase sequential patterns in repeated choice regardless of whether the levels of the perceived threat are measured or manipulated. The effect emerges even when a patterned choice option is objectively inferior to a nonpatterned option. The underlying mechanism of the effect is that consumers experience a lower sense of control, which motivates them to seek patterned choices to regain control threatened by the infectious disease. We further show that the effect on patterned choice is stronger for consumers with lower childhood socioeconomic status (SES), who are characterized by a lower sense of control, than their higher childhood SES counterparts. Noting that infectious disease threats are unavoidable, we offer theoretical contributions as well as novel insights into marketing practices under unpredictable and threatening situations.
Calibration of elastoplastic constitutive model parameters from full‐field data with automatic differentiation‐based sensitivities
Authors: Seidl D. Thomas , Granzow Brian N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe present a framework for calibration of parameters in elastoplastic constitutive models that is based on the use of automatic differentiation (AD). The model calibration problem is posed as a partial differential equation‐constrained optimization problem where a finite element (FE) model of the coupled equilibrium equation and constitutive model evolution equations serves as the constraint. The objective function quantifies the mismatch between the displacement predicted by the FE model and full‐field digital image correlation data, and the optimization problem is solved using gradient‐based optimization algorithms. Forward and adjoint sensitivities are used to compute the gradient at considerably less cost than its calculation from finite difference approximations. Through the use of AD, we need only to write the constraints in terms of AD objects, where all of the derivatives required for the forward and inverse problems are obtained by appropriately seeding and evaluating these quantities. We present three numerical examples that verify the correctness of the gradient, demonstrate the AD approach's parallel computation capabilities via application to a large‐scale FE model, and highlight the formulation's ease of extensibility to other classes of constitutive models.
Estimands for overall survival in clinical trials with treatment switching in oncology
Authors: Manitz Juliane , Kan‐Dobrosky Natalia , Buchner Hannes , Casadebaig Marie‐Laure , Degtyarev Evgeny , Dey Jyotirmoy , Haddad Vincent , Jie Fei , Martin Emily , Mo Mindy , Rufibach Kaspar , Shentu Yue , Stalbovskaya Viktoriya , (Sammi) Tang Rui , Yung Godwin , Zhou Jiangxiu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn addendum of the ICH E9 guideline on Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials was released in November 2019 introducing the estimand framework. This new framework aims to align trial objectives and statistical analyses by requiring a precise definition of the inferential quantity of interest, that is, the estimand. This definition explicitly accounts for intercurrent events, such as switching to new anticancer therapies for the analysis of overall survival (OS), the gold standard in oncology. Traditionally, OS in confirmatory studies is analyzed using the intention‐to‐treat (ITT) approach comparing treatment groups as they were initially randomized regardless of whether treatment switching occurred and regardless of any subsequent therapy (treatment‐policy strategy). Regulatory authorities and other stakeholders often consider ITT results as most relevant. However, the respective estimand only yields a clinically meaningful comparison of two treatment arms if subsequent therapies are already approved and reflect clinical practice. We illustrate different scenarios where subsequent therapies are not yet approved drugs and thus do not reflect clinical practice. In such situations the hypothetical strategy could be more meaningful from patient's and prescriber's perspective. The cross‐industry Oncology Estimand Working Group (www.oncoestimand.org) was initiated to foster a common understanding and consistent implementation of the estimand framework in oncology clinical trials. This paper summarizes the group's recommendations for appropriate estimands in the presence of treatment switching, one of the key intercurrent events in oncology clinical trials. We also discuss how different choices of estimands may impact study design, data collection, trial conduct, analysis, and interpretation.
Vibrations of axially traveling plates partially coupled with a viscous, orthogonally flowing liquid
Authors: Wu Han , Yang Feng Liu , Wang Yan Qing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA semi‐analytical method is presented to study the free vibration of an axially traveling plate partially submersed in viscous and orthogonally flowing liquid. The method is based on the classical thin plate theory and the finite element theory. The Navier‐Stokes equation, Bernoulli's equation and the velocity potential function are used to express the liquid. The formulation of the dynamical liquid‐induced force is derived by kinematic boundary conditions of the plate‐liquid interfaces. The governing equations of the partially immersed traveling plate are obtained via the Hamilton's principle. Numerical calculations show that as the plate thickness increases, the liquid viscosity effect on natural frequencies of the plate becomes weaker and weaker. Besides, the magnitude of the liquid viscosity effect is found to be positively related to the distance between the plate and rigid wall, and the width of liquid domain. The plate is easier to reach the critical speed when the orthogonal liquid velocity is larger. Moreover, liquid viscosity plays important role on the vibrational behavior of the immersed traveling plate when the liquid velocity is relatively large. Several verifications have been conducted to test the effectiveness and accuracy of the developed method.
First law of black hole in the gravitational electromagnetic system
Authors: Jiang Jie , Sang Aofei , Zhang Ming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
After considering the quantum corrections of Einstein-Maxwell theory, the effective theory will contain some higher-curvature terms and nonminimally coupled electromagnetic fields. In this paper, we study the first law of black holes in the gravitational electromagnetic system with the Lagrangian ℒ(gab, Rabcd, Fab). Firstly, we calculate the Noether charge and the variational identity in this theory, and then generically derive the first law of thermodynamics for an asymptotically flat stationary-axisymmetric symmetric black hole without the requirement that the electromagnetic field is smooth on the bifurcation surface. Our results indicate that the first law of black hole thermodynamics might be valid for the Einstein-Maxwell theory with some quantum corrections in the effective region.
Next-to-leading non-global logarithms in QCD
Authors: Banfi Andrea , Dreyer Frédéric A. , Monni Pier Francesco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Non-global logarithms arise from the sensitivity of collider observables to soft radiation in limited angular regions of phase space. Their resummation to next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) order has been a long standing problem and its solution is relevant in the context of precision all-order calculations in a wide variety of collider processes and observables. In this article, we consider observables sensitive only to soft radiation, characterised by the absence of Sudakov double logarithms, and we derive a set of integro-differential equations that describes the resummation of NLL soft corrections in the planar, large-Nc limit. The resulting set of evolution equations is derived in dimensional regularisation and we additionally provide a formulation that is manifestly finite in four space-time dimensions. The latter is suitable for a numerical integration and can be generalised to treat other infrared-safe observables sensitive solely to soft wide-angle radiation. We use the developed formalism to carry out a fixed-order calculation to $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_s^2\right) $$
O

α
s
2

in full colour for both the transverse energy and energy distribution in the interjet region between two cone jets in e+e− collisions. We find that the expansion of the resummed cross section correctly reproduces the logarithmic structure of the full QCD result.
The FL bound and its phenomenological implications
Authors: Montero Miguel , Vafa Cumrun , Van Riet Thomas , Venken Gerben 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Demanding that charged Nariai black holes in (quasi-)de Sitter space decay without becoming super-extremal implies a lower bound on the masses of charged particles, known as the Festina Lente (FL) bound. In this paper we fix the $$ \mathcal{O}(1) $$
O

1

constant in the bound and elucidate various aspects of it, as well as extensions to d > 4 and to situations with scalar potentials and dilatonic couplings. We also discuss phenomenological implications of FL including an explanation of why the Higgs potential cannot have a local minimum at the origin, thus explaining why the weak force must be broken. For constructions of meta-stable dS involving anti-brane uplift scenarios, even though the throat region is consistent with FL, the bound implies that we cannot have any light charged matter fields coming from any far away region in the compactified geometry, contrary to the fact that they are typically expected to arise in these scenarios. This strongly suggests that introduction of warped anti-branes in the throat cannot be decoupled from the bulk dynamics as is commonly assumed. Finally, we provide some evidence that in certain situations the FL bound can have implications even with gravity decoupled and illustrate this in the context of non-compact throats.
The primary visual cortex of Cetartiodactyls: organization, cytoarchitectonics and comparison with perissodactyls and primates
Authors: Graïc Jean-Marie , Peruffo Antonella , Corain Livio , Finos Livio , Grisan Enrico , Cozzi Bruno 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCetartiodactyls include terrestrial and marine species, all generally endowed with a comparatively lateral position of their eyes and a relatively limited binocular field of vision. To this day, our understanding of the visual system in mammals beyond the few studied animal models remains limited. In the present study, we examined the primary visual cortex of Cetartiodactyls that live on land (sheep, Père David deer, giraffe); in the sea (bottlenose dolphin, Risso’s dolphin, long-finned pilot whale, Cuvier’s beaked whale, sperm whale and fin whale); or in an amphibious environment (hippopotamus). We also sampled and studied the visual cortex of the horse (a closely related perissodactyl) and two primates (chimpanzee and pig-tailed macaque) for comparison. Our histochemical and immunohistochemical results indicate that the visual cortex of Cetartiodactyls is characterized by a peculiar organization, structure, and complexity of the cortical column. We noted a general lesser lamination compared to simians, with diminished density, and an apparent simplification of the intra- and extra-columnar connections. The presence and distribution of calcium-binding proteins indicated a notable absence of parvalbumin in water species and a strong reduction of layer 4, usually enlarged in the striated cortex, seemingly replaced by a more diffuse distribution in neighboring layers. Consequently, thalamo-cortical inputs are apparently directed to the higher layers of the column. Computer analyses and statistical evaluation of the data confirmed the results and indicated a substantial correlation between eye placement and cortical structure, with a markedly segregated pattern in cetaceans compared to other mammals. Furthermore, cetacean species showed several types of cortical lamination which may reflect differences in function, possibly related to depth of foraging and consequent progressive disappearance of light, and increased importance of echolocation.
Altitude and latitude have different effects on population characteristics of the widespread plant Anthyllis vulneraria
Authors: Daco Laura , Colling Guy , Matthies Diethart 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWidespread plants may provide natural models for how population processes change with temperature and other environmental variables and how they may respond to global change. Similar changes in temperature can occur along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients, but hardly any study has compared the effects of the two types of gradients. We studied populations of Anthyllis vulneraria along a latitudinal gradient from Central Europe to the range limit in the North and an altitudinal gradient in the Alps from 500 m to the altitudinal limit at 2500 m, both encompassing a change in annual mean temperature of c. 11.5 °C. Plant size and reproduction decreased, but plant density increased along both gradients, indicating higher recruitment and demographic compensation among vital rates. Our results support the view that demographic compensation may be common in widespread species in contrast to the predictions of the abundant centre model of biogeography. Variation in temperature along the gradients had the strongest effects on most population characteristics, followed by that in precipitation, solar radiation, and soil nutrients. The proportion of plants flowering, seed set and seed mass declined with latitude, while the large variation in these traits along the altitudinal gradient was not related to elevation and covarying environmental variables like annual mean temperature. This suggests that it will be more difficult to draw conclusions about the potential impacts of future climate warming on plant populations in mountains, because of the importance of small-scale variation in environmental conditions.
ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen-Phone Version (ALS-CBS™-PhV): norms, psychometrics, and diagnostics in an Italian population sample
Authors: Aiello Edoardo Nicolò , Esposito Antonella , Giannone Ilaria , Diana Lorenzo , Woolley Susan , Murphy Jennifer , Christodoulou Georgia , Tremolizzo Lucio , Bolognini Nadia , Appollonio Ildebrando 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Up to 50% of motor neuron disease (MND) patients show neuropsychological deficits which negatively affect prognosis and care. However, disability-related logistical issues and uneven geographical coverage of healthcare services may prevent MND patients from accessing neuropsychological evaluations. This study thus aimed to standardize for the Italian population the ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen-Phone Version (ALS-CBS™-PhV), an MND-specific, telephone-based screening for frontotemporal dysfunction.

Methods
The cognitive section of the ALS-CBS™-PhV, the Italian telephone-based Mini-Mental State Examination (Itel-MMSE), and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) was administered to 359 healthy individuals (143 males, 216 females; age, 52.7 ± 15.8; education, 13.1 ± 4.4). Norms were derived through equivalent scores. Validity, factorial structure, reliability, diagnostic accuracy, and item difficulty and discrimination were examined. Statistical equivalence between the telephone-based and in-person versions was tested.

Results
ALS-CBS™-PhV measures were predicted by age and education. The ALS-CBS™-PhV reflected a mono-component structure, converged with Itel-MMSE and TICS scores (rs = .23–.51) and was equivalent to its in-person format (t = .37; p = .72). Good internal (Cronbach’s α = .61), test–retest (ICC = .69), and inter-rater (ICC = .96) reliability was detected. High accuracy was found when tested against both the Itel-MMSE and the TICS (AUC = .82–89). Backward digit span items were the most discriminative.

Discussion
The ALS-CBS™-PhV is a statistically solid screening test for frontotemporal disorders featuring MND. Its standardization allows for (1) improvements in tele-healthcare for MND patients, (2) epidemiological applications, and (3) effective assessments in decentralized clinical trials. The ALS-CBS™-PhV can be also suitable for assessing bedridden and visually impaired patients with motor disorders.
A column generation algorithm for solving energy system planning problems
Authors: Muts Pavlo , Bruche Stefan , Nowak Ivo , Wu Ouyang , Hendrix Eligius M. T. , Tsatsaronis George 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEnergy system optimization models are typically large models which combine sub-models which range from linear to very nonlinear. Column generation (CG) is a classical tool to generate feasible solutions of sub-models, defining columns of global master problems, which are used to steer the search for a global solution. In this paper, we present a new inner approximation method for solving energy system MINLP models. The approach is based on combining CG and the Frank Wolfe algorithm for generating an inner approximation of a convex relaxation and a primal heuristic for computing solution candidates. The features of this approach are: (i) no global branch-and-bound tree is used, (ii) sub-problems can be solved in parallel to generate columns, which do not have to be optimal, nor become available at the same time to synchronize the solution, (iii) an arbitrary solver can be used to solve sub-models, (iv) the approach (and the implementation) is generic and can be used to solve other nonconvex MINLP models. We perform experiments with decentralized energy supply system models with more than 3000 variables. The numerical results show that the new decomposition method is able to compute high-quality solutions and has the potential to outperform state-of-the-art MINLP solvers.
Thought Experiments and Personal Identity in Africa
Authors: BECK SIMON , OYOWE ORITSEGBUBEMI ANTHONY 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAfrican perspectives on personhood and personal identity and their relation to those of the West have become far more central in mainstream Western discussion than they once were. Not only are African traditional views with their emphasis on the importance of community and social relations more widely discussed, but that emphasis has also received much wider acceptance and gained more influence among Western philosophers. Despite this convergence, there is at least one striking way in which the discussions remain apart and that is on a point of method. The Western discussion makes widespread use of thought experiments. In the African discussion, they are almost entirely absent. In this article, we put forward a possible explanation for the method of thought experiment being avoided that is based on considerations stemming from John Mbiti's account of the traditional African view of time. These considerations find an echo in criticism offered of the method in the Western debate. We consider whether a response to both trains of thought can be found that can further bring the Western and African philosophical traditions into fruitful dialogue.
Hoping and Intending
Authors: MASON CATHY 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHope powerfully influences our lives, deeply shaping our actions, as well as being essential for social and political change. Many accounts of hope, however, fail to do justice to its active role, ignoring the connection between hope and action that makes it a significant feature of our lives. In this essay, I propose a new account of hope in which hopes characteristically shape and figure in intentions. I argue that this account does justice to hope's distinctive manifestations in action, explains the rational constraints on hoping, and sheds light on the distinctions between hoping and wishing.
GEOGRAPHIC RATEMAKING WITH SPATIAL EMBEDDINGS
Authors: Blier-Wong Christopher , Cossette Hélène , Lamontagne Luc , Marceau Etienne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSpatial data are a rich source of information for actuarial applications: knowledge of a risk’s location could improve an insurance company’s ratemaking, reserving or risk management processes. Relying on historical geolocated loss data is problematic for areas where it is limited or unavailable. In this paper, we construct spatial embeddings within a complex convolutional neural network representation model using external census data and use them as inputs to a simple predictive model. Compared to spatial interpolation models, our approach leads to smaller predictive bias and reduced variance in most situations. This method also enables us to generate rates in territories with no historical experience.