bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between inulin clearance and serum creatinine continuous plot using spline cubic interpolation
Authors: Morais Alceni do Carmo , Razvickas Clara Versolato , Patrícia Semedo , Oliveira-Sales Elizabeth B , Durão Marcelino , Batista Marcelo Costa , Monte Julio Cesar 
Published: June 2021

To analyze the relationship among serum creatinine (SC) and inulin clearance (GRF) in a mathematical model at Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) ongoing. Correlate it with morphological changes and molecular markers of cellular process.Animals(rats) were submitted to AKI by administration of cisplatin(CIS) (0.6 mg/kg i.p). Animals were followed until day 8. At days 1,2,3,5,6,8 animals were sacrificed. Blood and urine were collect for functional analysis, and kidneys for histopathological, immunohistochemistry, Real Time PCR analysesGFR interpolation graph shows the minimum point between day 2 (cis group 0.24 ml/min vs. control 1.11ml/min) when SC is still at half way from the maximum point day 2 (cis group 0.70mg/dl vs. control 0.50mg/dl). This suggests that the deterioration finish in the second day after onset of AKI. In the stabilization period observed increased of mRNA expression of markers for proliferation(Cdc2), apoptosis(Bcl2) and regeneration (Pax2 and vimentin).This study has provided insights, into timing, of cellular process during AKI. Recognizing the end of deterioration and onset of recovery is important and it affects medical decision making.
Adeno‐associated viral delivery of TrkB receptor enhances functional recovery after cervical spinal hemisection
Authors: Gransee Heather M , Zhan Wen-Zhi , Sieck Gary C , Mantilla Carlos B 
Published: June 2021

Unilateral C2 spinal cord hemisection (C2SH) removes premotor drive to phrenic motoneurons, paralyzing the ipsilateral diaphragm muscle (DIAm). In previous studies, we found that intrathecal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) increases the proportion of rats displaying recovery of ipsilateral DIAm activity over time. We hypothesized that enhancing expression of the tropomyosin‐related kinase receptor subtype B (TrkB) in phrenic motoneurons will promote functional recovery ipsilateral to C2SH. Adult rats were injected intrapleurally with AAV7 expressing TrkB.FL‐FLAG, and 3 weeks later C2SH was performed. A separate group of C2SH animals served as controls. Bilateral DIAm EMG activity was chronically monitored to assess recovery up to 2 weeks after C2SH. In AAV‐treated rats, delivery of TrkB.FL‐FLAG to phrenic motoneurons was evident by the presence of FLAG protein in the phrenic motor nucleus. At 7‐days post‐C2SH, the proportion of rats displaying ipsilateral DIAm EMG activity was 13% and 40% in the untreated control and AAV‐treated groups, respectively. At 14‐days post‐C2SH, all AAV‐treated rats displayed functional recovery compared to 40% of C2SH rats. We conclude that targeted delivery of TrkB.FL to phrenic motoneurons enhances functional recovery of DIAm respiratory activity following upper cervical spinal cord injury.Supported by NIH grant HL96750 and Paralyzed Veterans of America.
Up‐Regulation of Replication Factor C‐40 (RFC40) in estrogen positive as well as negative breast cancer
Authors: Gupte Rakhee 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundCurrently most therapies for breast cancer are targeted against growth factor and endocrine receptors. Identification of non receptor based molecules that will target receptor negative breast cancers is of paramount importance. Replication Factor C 40 (RFC40) protein required for DNA replication and it influences the cell cycle from DNA replication to cell division. RFC40 is over‐expressed in choriocarcinoma, acute and chronic myeloid leukemia, nasopharyngeal cancer and glioblastomas, suggesting that it may be directly responsible for unrestricted DNA replication and cell proliferation. However, its role in breast cancer has not been explored.MethodsWe determined the expression of RFC40 message and protein by qRT‐PCR and Western blot analyses in normal, estrogen positive and negative breast cancer cell lines and performed immunohistochemistry for RFC40 protein in patient breast tumor microarrays (BTMAs). We performed fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses with BTMAs to determine amplification of the RFC40 gene copy numbers in breast cancer.ResultsWe found that RFC40 message and protein is significantly up‐regulated in all the breast cancer cell lines and in the patient BTMAs. We observed RFC40 gene amplification and polysomy of chromosome 7 in BTMAsConclusionsRFC40 is up‐regulated in breast cancer accompanied by either gene amplification or polysomy of chromosome 7.
Investigating the role of neuronal AKAP220 signaling complexes in cytoskeletal regulation during neurite outgrowth
Authors: Lee Whiting Jennifer , Tunquist Brian , Scott John D. 
Published: June 2021

Proper development and connectivity in the mammalian neocortex requires strict regulation of signaling, especially signals that impact cytoskeletal remodeling. A‐kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are a diverse family of multivalent scaffolds that organize the signal cascades required for such precise cellular events. AKAP220 is widely expressed and anchors protein kinase A (PKA), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). This complex is also linked to the actin and microtubule networks through interactions with the IQGAP family of proteins. Knockdown of AKAP220 results in deficient cell migration and membrane outgrowth due to altered cytoskeletal dynamics. Although AKAP220 is expressed in brain, little is currently known about its neuronal function. We observe that knockdown of AKAP220 in Neuro‐2A cells increases average primary neurite length. Additionally, staining of mouse neurons in vitro reveals enrichment of AKAP220 in growth cones. Together, these results suggest this complex may regulate cytoskeletal events during neurite formation. To probe how each enzyme in the AKAP220 complex may regulate this process, specific enzyme binding regions have been mapped and deleted for use in future experiments. Additionally, we have developed AKAP220 conditional knockout mice to elucidate the biological significance of this complex during in vivo neocortical formation.Funding: NIH Pharmacological Sciences Training Grant: GM07750
Lysophosphatidic acid‐stimulated p130Cas phosphorylation and invasive migration of ovarian cancer cells involves a Gαi2‐dependent signaling mechanism
Authors: Ward Jeremy , Dhanasekaran Danny 
Published: June 2021

Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecological cancer, with previous studies implicating lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the progression of approximately 90% of all ovarian cancers. LPA potently stimulates the tyrosine‐phosphorylation of p130Cas, a scaffolding protein, which, upon phosphorylation, recruits an array of signaling molecules to promote tumor cell migration. Our work presented here identifies Gαi2 as the major G protein involved in tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas in a panel of ovarian cancer cells consisting of HeyA8, SKOV3, and OVCA429. Our results suggest that the stimulation of p130Cas phosphorylation is dependent on the Src family of kinases. Our results also indicate the G□ □‐family of G proteins, which have also been implicated in LPA‐mediated migration, appeared to inhibit tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas. Using p130Cas siRNA, we demonstrate that p130Cas is a necessary downstream component of LPA‐Gαi2‐induced migration and collagen‐1 invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Our results also indicate that the LPA receptors 1 and/or 3 are involved in the phosphorylation of p130Cas and invasive migration of ovarian cancer cells. Considering the fact that LPA stimulates oncogenic migration through the coordination of multiple downstream signaling pathways, our current study identifies a unique role for Gαi2 in mediating LPA‐mediated invasive migration of ovarian cancer cells.This research was supported by grants CA116984–06 and CA123233–05 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Higher Health Services Utilization and lower antiretroviral treatment (ART)‐Adherence in Food Insecure HIV‐Infected Adults in Miami, FL
Authors: Farsad Mahsa , Campa Adriana , Martinez Sabrina Sales , Li Yinghui , Williams Shawn , Barr Shakira , Stewart Tiffanie , Ramamoorthy Venkataraghavan , Greer Pedro , Gracia Deborah , Baum Marianna K 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo examine the relation of food insecurity to health care utilization and ART adherence in HIV+ adults.MethodsAfter consenting 281 HIV+ adults, questionnaires on demographics, food security, and ART adherence were completed. Linear regression models were performed.ResultsParticipants were 66% male, and 83% were on ART. In this cohort, 19% were hospitalized ≥once and 16% had ≤1Emergency Room (ER) visit in the last 6 months. Of the participants, 12% did not have enough food to eat frequently, 32% lack money to buy food and 34 % did not eat balanced meals in the past year. Food insecure participants had significantly higher frequency of ER visits (β=0.102, SE=0.029, p=0.0007) and hospitalization (β=0.081, SE=0.035, p= 0.02) controlling for age and gender, and significantly lower ART‐adherence (β= 0.138, SE=0.069, p=0.0468) controlling for age and baseline HIV viral load.ConclusionFood insecurity is associated with increased health care utilization, and lack of adherence with ART non‐adherence. Factors causing food insecurity should be addressed in HIV treatment programs to improve adherence and reduced the utilization of emergency and hospitalization health‐care system.Funded by NIAAA
Functional limitation and chronic diseases are associated with food insecurity among U.S. adults
Authors: Venci Brittany Jeanne , Park Sohyun , Lee Seung‐Yeon 
Published: June 2021

We examined associations of functional limitation and chronic disease with food insecurity using the 2011 National Health Interview Survey for 30,010 adults (≥18 y). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted OR and 95% CI for having functional limitation due to any health problems and chronic disease with or without food insecurity after adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Food security scale was used to define food secure (score 0–2), low food secure (3–5), and very low food secure (6–10). About 87% were food secure, yet 13% were food insecure. Odds of having functional limitation was higher in low food secure adults (OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.63, 2.14) and very low food secure adults (OR=2.19, 95% CI=1.91, 2.52) than food secure adults. Those with low food security had higher odds for stroke (OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.12, 2.04), arthritis (OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.21, 1.68), and diabetes (OR=1.26, 95% CI=1.06, 1.51); those with very low food security had higher odds for CHD (OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.37, 2.24), arthritis (OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.49, 2.04), hypertension (OR=1.42, 95% CI=1.22, 1.65) and heart attack (OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.08, 1.81) than food secure adults. Findings indicate food insecurity is associated with functional limitation and chronic disease, while directionality is unknown. Interventions may need to include reducing food insecurity to reduce chronic diseases and functional limitation.Grant Funding Source: none
Associations between wealth and weight status in Filipinos from birth to early adulthood
Authors: Tzioumis Emma , Adair Linda S 
Published: June 2021

Wealth predicts BMI and is especially relevant in the context of the nutrition transition in low‐and middle‐income countries.Sex‐stratified, longitudinal, random effects models were used to estimate how wealth (represented by factor scores of household assets) relates to BMI at birth, 2, 8.5, 11.5, 15.6, 18.7, and 21.5y in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (n=1925). We performed a factor analysis on assets reported in 2005 using a varimax orthogonal rotation. Three factors with eigenvalues >;1.5 were retained: F1 represents urban assets (e.g. car, appliances); F2 modernization (TV, videogames); F3 rural assets (animals, land). The 2005 factor structure was used to score prior years.In males, higher F1 and F2 scores were associated with significantly higher BMI (β=0.16, p<0.001; β=0.044, p<0.001, respectively). A higher F3 score was associated with lower BMI (β= −0.08, p<0.001). In females, higher F1 and F2 scores were associated with lower BMI (β= −0.034, p=0.018; β= −0.018, p=0.023, respectively). However, in cross‐sectional analyses higher F1 score was associated with higher BMI at 8.5 and 11.5y (p<0.01). F3 scores were unrelated to BMI.These sex differences in how wealth relates to BMI suggest that as wealth increases, females may be more susceptible to Western body image messages and exhibit an inverse relationship of wealth and BMI starting around menarche.Funding Source: Pfizer NutritionGrant Funding Source: Pfizer Nutrition
Fluid consumption by Mexican women during pregnancy and first semester of lactation
Authors: Martinez Homero 
Published: June 2021

Current recommendations about fluid intake in Mexico are 2.3 L/day during pregnancy and 2.7 L/day during the first semester of lactation. The objective of the present study was to describe fluid consumption in a sample of Mexican women during pregnancy and lactation.We carried out an observational study with adult women between 18–45 years of age living in urban areas in Mexico City. They were asked to register their total fluid intake during a 7‐day consecutive period, using a previously validated fluid intake diary.A total of 153 pregnant and 155 lactating women were interviewed. On average, they drank 2.62 L/day and 2.75 L/day, respectively. 41% of pregnant women drank less than the recommended 2.3 L/day and 54% of lactating women drank less that the recommended 2.7 L/day. Plain water contributed to 33% of total fluid intake, while sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) contributed to 38% of total fluid intake. Up to 50% of pregnant and lactating women had more than 1 L/day of SSB, which contributed, in the former, to 632 kcal/day (25% of recommended dietary intake) and in the latter, to more than 700 kcal/day (32% of recommended dietary intake).The high rates of overweight and obesity found in Mexican population, particularly among women, should alert to the high consumption of SSB during pregnancy and lactation, as it has been shown that an excessive intake of these beverages may increase the risk of obesity, diabetes mellitus and other chronic disorders.
A 50:50 blend of insoluble and soluble fibers added to enteral formula increases fermentation and prevents decline in gut bacteria
Authors: Koecher Katie , Thomas William , Slavin Joanne 
Published: June 2021

Fermentation of fiber in the gut increases bacterial mass and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Patients receiving fiber‐free enteral nutrition frequently suffer from abnormal bowel function and may benefit from the addition of fiber. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of fiber‐free enteral formula (FF), a fiber blend‐fortified formula (FB; 15g/L: fructooligosaccharides, inulin, acacia gum, outer pea fiber) and habitual diet on the gut bacteria population and fermentation metabolites in 20 healthy subjects. Formula was exclusively consumed by subjects for 2 weeks in a randomized, crossover, double‐blind design, with a 4 week washout. Stool samples were collected to measure pH, SCFA (acetate, propionate, butyrate) and total bacteria. Mean fecal pH for both formulas was 7.5; higher than habitual diet pH 6.5 (p<0.0001). Mean total SCFA during FB was significantly higher than FF (43.5 vs. 39.7 umol/ml fecal water; p=0.029), and both formulas yielded lower SCFA than habitual diet (80.9 umol/ml; both p<0.0001). Total fecal bacteria did not differ between FF and FB (11.28 and 11.38 log10 cells/g feces, respectively; p=0.4865). Compared to habitual diet (11.58 log10 cells/g feces), FF had fewer bacteria (p=0.0045), while FB was not different (p=0.0570). Adding fiber to enteral formula positively affects gut fermentation by increasing SCFA production and attenuating decreases in bacteria.Grant Funding Source: Nestle Health Science S.A.
Using focus groups to inform an intervention to promote adoption of the DGA among African American children in the Lower Mississippi Delta
Authors: McGee Bernestine B. , Richardson Valerie , Johnson Glenda , Johnson Crystal 
Published: June 2021

Childhood obesity is a major public health concern and the associated risks for chronic diseases. There is a need to identify effective strategies to enhance adherence to the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) and the CDC Physical Activity guidelines to prevent childhood obesity, especially for African American children. Intervening early may reduce the consequences of obesity and promote adoption of healthy behaviors before development of obesogenic lifestyle behaviors. Focus group results guided the planning of a culturally‐specific intervention to accompany a parental childhood obesity prevention intervention for eight to 13 year old children. Six children focus group sessions were conducted in two Louisiana parishes. Questions were designed to identify children's perceptions of factors influencing eating and physical activity behavior and recommendations for planning a healthy eating and physical activity program. Focus groups discussions were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to identify recurring trends and patterns among focus groups. Major themes that emerged included cultural influences on food habits and physical activity, body size perceptions, and curriculum content recommendations. Focus group discussion results were used to culturally tailor the intervention to promote adoption of the DGA.Grant Funding Source: USDA/ARS project #58–6251‐8–041
Medical student initiative of monitoring USDA nutritional guidelines adherence with novel application of digital photography in elementary school meals
Authors: Monlezun Dominique , Rodman Adam , Telsey Ben , Leong Benjamin , Abu‐Shamat Layla , Kay Danielle , Green Deanna , Sarris Leah , Harlan Timothy 
Published: June 2021

The rising childhood obesity epidemic exacerbates the challenge of no broadly accepted evidenced‐based monitoring and implementation methods for USDA guidelines regulating elementary school meals (Guthrie 2012). The traditional techniques of obtrusive physical measurements of consumed food and visual estimation (Comstock 1980) flawed by intra‐observer variability are not promising. Tulane University School of Medicine responded to this challenge through its Center for Culinary Medicine. Medical student teams investigated the novel application of digital photography (Williamson 2003) for monitoring USDA guideline adherence at three elementary schools. Compared to visual estimation checklists, digital photography of consumed food showed statistically different results for consumed vegetable and fruit servings. Unlike visual estimation, this latter method accounted for serving variability and allowed calculation of students’ consumed calories, fat, sodium, and vitamins. Further validation of this protocol can produce more accurate monitoring of USDA school nutritional guidelines and improved assessment of targeted nutritional educational interventions for students. Research support: Tulane University Center for Culinary MedicineGrant Funding Source: Tulane University Center for Culinary Medicine
Health behaviors index for cardiovascular disease prevention among young Brazilian college students
Authors: Bousquet‐Santos Kelb , Santos Dalton , Silva Andressa , Bastos Priscila , Oliveira Gleici , Martins Islane 
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate behaviors related to cardiovascular disease among young Brazilian college students. Ideal health behaviors index, proposed by American Heart Association, includes (1) body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2; (2) not current smoker; (3) physical activity at goal (150 min/wk moderate or 75 min/wk vigorous or combination); (4) 4–5 diet goals met (recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables, fish, sodium, sweets/sugar‐sweetened beverages and whole grains). Weight, height and blood pressure (after 10 minutes of rest) were measured. Subjects answered a food questionnaire and the short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire under supervision. Healthy young college students (n=260; 195 female; 19±2 years‐old; 60.7±12.0 kg; systolic blood pressure: 111±11 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure: 71±10 mmHg) were evaluated. Ideal BMI (<25 kg/m2) was found in 81.5% of volunteers; 14.6% were classified as overweight and 3.8% obese. Only four volunteers were smokers. Physical activity goal was achieved by 25.8%. Diet results showed that only 2.3% achieved the five goals. Less adherence was found for fish consumption (at least twice/week) and sweets (≤450 kcal/week); p<0.05. When considering the ideal health behavior, i.e. reaching the four components goals, only 3.5% students achieved. Behaviors related to risk of cardiovascular disease begin in early life. Continuous evaluation is critical to increase the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health in middle aged and older adults.Supported by Finatec and DPP/UnB.
Factors associated with physical inactivity among women in Santos, Brazil
Authors: Trude Angela Bizzotto , Mui Yeeli , Giltensohn Joel , Martins Paula Andrea 
Published: June 2021

Sedentary living is a well‐known public health issue. However, few studies have evaluated the factors correlated with physical inactivity (PI) in a developing country setting. We examined the relationship between individual variables, socioeconomic status (SES), and environmental perceptions – distance to a place that enables physical activity ‐ with PI behavior among young women in Santos, Brazil. Using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), we measured PI behavior, which was defined as fewer than 150 minutes/week spent in moderate or vigorous physical activities. We also collected data on leisure‐time physical activity (LTPA), transportation, and environmental perceptions through home‐based interviews (n=538). Only 20.6% practiced LTPA. Walking was the most common form of LTPA (9.1%), followed by gym exercise (7.9%). Adjusting for education in the logistic regression models, PI was correlated with women over 30 years, walking as a LTPA, driving as a means of transportation, and feeling secure enough to ride a bicycle in the neighborhood (OR 0.58, 95% CI (0.38–0.89); OR 0.23, 95% CI (0.09–0.55); OR 1.80, 95% CI (1.17–2.75); OR 1.57, 95% CI (1.05– 2.35), respectively). These findings are important to better understand PI behavior in women and to promote a multilevel systematic approach for intervention strategies in developing countries.Funded by: Sao Paulo State Foundation for Research Support. Process n 2009/01361–1.