bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A giant right atrial myxoma—The growth rate and multi‐modality imaging
Authors: Hsi David H. , Sosa Andrew , Miller Wayne , Oren Tal , Koulova Anna , Coady Michael A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA young and healthy woman presented with progressive dyspnea on exertion. An echocardiogram showed a giant right atrial mass. Cardiac CT angiography provided the most accurate estimate for the tumor size, while 2‐D echo, 2‐D, and 3‐D trans‐esophageal echo underestimated the dimensions of the cardiac tumor when referenced by the surgical specimen. We also calculated the growth rate of the right atrial myxoma to be at least 1.2 mm per month based on a normal chest CT 54 months before her presentation. Surgical pathology confirmed typical features of cardiac myxoma in the right atrium.
Evaluation of fracture toughness and residual stress in AISI 316L electron beam welds
Authors: Mokhtarishirazabad Mehdi , Simpson Chris , Kabra Saurabh , Horne Graeme , Palmer Iain , Moffat Andrew , Truman Christopher , Knowles David , Mostafavi Mahmoud 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWeld residual stress and fracture behavior of 316L electron beam weldments, which are of particular interest in power generation industry, were investigated in this work. Two butt‐weld joints were manufactured in stainless steel 316L plates of 6 mm and 25.4 mm thicknesses. Three complementary methods were used to measure the three orthogonal components of the residual stress in the weld coupons, and fracture tests were conducted on single edge notched bending specimens extracted from different regions of the welds and parent metals.The residual stress measurements showed a maximum value of 450 MPa in longitudinal direction, while it was less than 150 MPa in the other two orthogonal directions, revealing that in our material, and with the chosen weld parameters, the residual stresses were biaxial. The fracture resistance of the weldment and parent material was similar, with material microstructure differences being more significant than the measured residual stresses.The study suggests that 316L electron beam weldments are not susceptible to fracture failure due to their high ductility and ability to relieve residual stresses through gross plasticity. Electron beam welding may therefore be suggested as a reliable manufacturing technology for safety critical 316L components.
NARRATIVE AND EMPATHY: THE 2015 ‘REFUGEE CRISIS’ IN VLADIMIR VERTLIB'S VIKTOR HILFT AND OLGA GRJASNOWA'S GOTT IST NICHT SCHÜCHTERN
Authors: Taberner Stuart 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis article examines Vladimir Vertlib's Viktor hilft (2018) and Olga Grjasnowa's Gott ist nicht schüchtern (2017) in relation to the 2015 ‘refugee crisis’ and specifically the disillusionment of humanitarianism that has become evident in recent years following the war on terror, the 2008 economic crisis, the rise of popularism, and the rapid explosion of humanitarian need. In the main body of the article, it is argued that both novels engage critically with the long‐established motif of empathy as a foundation for humanitarian action, but that only Gott ist nicht schüchtern points to a way out of the disillusionment of humanitarianism by relativising European perspectives on the suffering of others (including repeated references to the Holocaust) and by encouraging the reader to think and act politically. Concretely, this means that the reader should focus on the political and moral responsibility of the state even towards non‐citizens and should agitate for the state's adherence to international conventions (e.g. the right to asylum). At the close of the article, Hannah Arendt is invoked, as is a possible definition of ‘ironic solidarity’ in literary texts dealing with the suffering of others.Dieser Artikel untersucht Vladimir Vertlibs Viktor hilft (2018) und Olga Grjasnowas Gott ist nicht schüchtern (2017) in Bezug auf die Flüchtlingskrise von 2015 und spezifisch auf die Ernüchterung des Humanitarismus, die infolge des Krieges gegen den Terror, der Wirtschaftskrise von 2008, des Aufstiegs des Populismus und des rapide steigenden humanitären Bedarfs in Erscheinung getreten ist. Im Hauptteil des Artikels wird argumentiert, dass sich beide Romane – von zwei ansonsten sehr verschiedenen Autoren mit sowjetisch‐jüdischem Hintergrund – kritisch mit dem längst etablierten Motiv der Empathie als Grundlage für das humanitäre Handeln auseinandersetzen. Darüber hinaus bietet Gott ist nicht schüchtern aber auch einen möglichen Ausweg aus der Ernüchterung des Humanitarismus, indem der Roman die europäische Perspektive (inklusive wiederholter Verweise auf den Holocaust) auf das Leid fremder Menschen relativiert und den Leser dazu auffordert, anstatt von Empathie geleitet zu werden politisch zu denken und zu handeln. Konkret bedeutet dies, dass der Leser auf die politische und moralische Verantwortung westlicher Staaten auch gegenüber Nichtbürgern fokussieren und sich für die Befolgung konventionsrechtlicher Verpflichtungen mobilisieren soll. Im Schlussteil des Artikels wird auf Hannah Arendt hingewiesen sowie auf eine mögliche Definition einer ‘ironic solidarity’ in literarischen Texten, die fremdes Leid thematisieren.
POLEN ALS NEGATIVFOLIE FÜR SELBSTENTWÜRFE IN DER DEUTSCHSPRACHIGEN GEGENWARTSLITERATUR
Authors: Brandt Marion 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis article demonstrates that in some contemporary German‐language novels Polish motifs serve as a foil for the negative projection of cultural self‐images. The image of Poles is stereotypical because it contains a high degree of generalisation and embodies world views – such as nationalism, anti‐Semitism, anti‐Romanyism, fundamentalism – which contradict the ideal self of being tolerant and open‐minded. The fictionalisation of historical and contemporary events in the works examined serves to demonise Poland, which, from the perspective of postcolonial theory, can be read as a mixture of legacy and modified continuation of the German colonial discourse on Poland.
Observation of Conditions Preceding Peak Indoor Air Volatile Organic Compound Concentrations in Vapor Intrusion Studies
Authors: Lutes Chris , Holton Chase , Schumacher Brian , Zimmerman John , Kondash Andrew , Truesdale Robert 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTemporal and spatial variability of indoor air volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations can complicate vapor intrusion (VI) assessment and decision‐making. Indicators and tracers (I&T) of VI, such as differential temperature, differential pressure, and indoor radon concentration, are low‐cost lines of evidence to support sampling scheduling and interpretation of indoor air VOC sampling results. This study compares peak indoor air chlorinated VOC concentrations and I&T conditions before and during those peak events at five VI sites. The sites differ geographically and in their VI conceptual site models (CSM). Relative to site‐specific baseline values, the results show that cold or falling outdoor temperatures, rising cross slab differential pressures, and increasing indoor radon concentrations can predict peak VOC concentrations. However, cold outdoor air temperature was not useful at one site where elevated shallow soil temperature was a better predictor. Correlations of peak VOC concentrations to elevated or rising barometric pressure and low wind speed were also observed with some exceptions. This study shows how the independent variables that control or predict peak indoor air VOC concentrations are specific to building types, climates, and VI CSMs. More I&T measurements at VI sites are needed to identify scenario‐specific baseline and peak related I&T conditions to improve decision‐making.
Temporal Variability in an Industrial Building—Time Series and Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Lutes MS Chris , Holbert PhD Charles , Tyagi PhD Aditya , Hallberg BS Keri , Lund PhD Loren , Lewis MS Travis 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInformation is lacking on the degree and causes of temporal variability of indoor air concentrations in industrial buildings. Vapor intrusion (VI) is controlled by multiple variables that interact on different time scales. Indoor concentrations are expected to display multiple periodicities—diurnal, seasonal, and others. An extensive dataset was analyzed using 6‐h time resolution for 6 continuous months including trichloroethylene (TCE), radon, differential pressure, barometric pressure, differential temperature, wind speed, and precipitation. The samples were collected in a sampling zone or compartment within a large industrial building near a point of volatile organic compound (VOC) release. The objectives for this project included assessing VOC temporal variability in an industrial building and evaluating whether using VI indicators/tracers, which are less costly and time intensive to measure, may be able to predict VOC concentrations. This paper reports descriptive, time series, and machine learning data analyses. At this location, radon was proven by far the most effective indicator or tracer for TCE VI. Both the time series and machine learning ranked barometric pressure as a more important influence on VI than temperature. Substantial autocorrelation and diurnal periodicity were observed in TCE concentrations.
Effect of different platelet‐rich fibrin matrices for ridge preservation in multiple tooth extractions: A split‐mouth randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Castro Ana B. , Van Dessel Jeroen , Temmerman Andy , Jacobs Reinhilde , Quirynen Marc 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate dimensional changes in the alveolar ridge and bone structure after tooth extraction when L‐PRF or A‐PRF+ was used in comparison to unassisted socket healing.Materials and methodsTwenty patients in need of at least three tooth extractions in the aesthetic zone were included. L‐PRF, A‐PRF+ or control was randomly assigned, leaving one empty socket/edentulous site between conditions. CBCT scans were obtained immediately after tooth extraction and after 3 months of healing. Horizontal and vertical dimensional changes of the ridge and socket fill were calculated. Histological and micro‐CT analysis of bone biopsies were used to evaluate post‐surgical bone structural healing.ResultsMean horizontal and vertical changes at 1‐mm below the crest (buccal and palatal side) were similar for the three sites (p > 0.05). For the socket fill, L‐PRF (85.2%) and A‐PRF+ (83.8%) showed superior values than the control (67.9%). The histological and radiological analysis reported more newly formed bone for the PRF groups, without any significant differences between both.ConclusionsPRF matrices failed to reduce the dimensional changes after multiple tooth extractions in the premaxilla. After 3‐month healing, both PRF matrices showed radiographically a significant superiority for the socket fill. Histologically, they seemed to accelerate new bone formation.
Tunnel technique with connective tissue graft versus coronally advanced flap with enamel matrix derivate for root coverage: 5‐year results of an RCT using 3D digital measurement technology for volumetric comparison of soft tissue changes
Authors: Zuhr Otto , Akakpo Dodji , Eickholz Peter , Vach Kirstin , Hürzeler Markus B. , Petsos Hari ,   the Research Group for Oral Soft Tissue Biology & Wound Healing
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimComparison of the clinical efficacy (digitally volumetric, aesthetic, patient‐centred outcomes) of tunnel technique (TUN) with subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG) versus coronally advanced flap (CAF) with enamel matrix derivate (EMD) 5 years after gingival recession therapy.Materials and methodsIn 18 patients contributing 36 RT1 recessions, study models were collected at baseline and follow‐ups. Optical scans assessed recessions computer‐assisted [recession depth, recession reduction (RECred), complete root coverage (CRC), percentage of root coverage (RC), pointwise (pTHK) and mean areal (aTHK) marginal soft tissue thickness]. Root coverage aesthetic Score (RES) was used for aesthetic evaluation and visual analogue scales for patient‐centred data collection applied.ResultsSixty months after surgery, 50.0% (TUN+CTG) and 0.0% (CAF+EMD) of sites showed CRC (p = 0.0118), 82.2% (TUN+CTG) and 32.0% (CAF+EMD) achieved RC, respectively (p = 0.0023). CTG achieved significantly better RECred (TUN+CTG: 1.75±0.74 mm; CAF+EMD: 0.50 ± 0.39 mm; p = 0.0009) and aTHK (TUN+CTG: 0.95 ± 0.41 mm; CAF+EMD: 0.26 ± 0.28 mm; p = 0.0013). RES showed superior outcomes (p = 0.0533) for TUN+CTG (6.86 ± 2.31) compared to CAF+EMD (4.63 ± 1.99). The study failed to find significant differences related to patient‐centred outcomes (TUN+CTG: 8.30 ± 2.21; CAF+EMD: 7.50 ± 1.51; p = 0.1136).ConclusionsFive years after treatment, CTG resulted in better clinical and aesthetic outcomes than CAF+EMD. Increased THK was associated with improved outcomes for RECred and RC.
Filling the gaps: phylogeography of the self‐fertilizing Kryptolebias species (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) along South American mangroves
Authors: Lira Mateus G. S. , Berbel‐Filho Waldir M. , Espírito‐Santo Helder M. V. , Tatarenkov Andrei , Avise John C. , de Leaniz Carlos Garcia , Consuegra Sofia , Lima Sergio M. Q. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMangrove killifishes of the genus Kryptolebias have been historically classified as rare because of their small size and cryptic nature. Major gaps in distribution knowledge across mangrove areas, particularly in South America, challenge the understanding of the taxonomic status, biogeographical patterns and genetic structuring of the lineages composing the self‐fertilizing “Kryptolebias marmoratus species complex.” In this study, the authors combined a literature survey, fieldwork and molecular data to fill major gaps of information about the distribution of mangrove killifishes across western Atlantic mangroves. They found that selfing mangrove killifishes are ubiquitously distributed across the Caribbean, Central and South American mangroves and report 14 new locations in South America, extending the range of both the “Central clade” and “Southern clade” lineages which overlap in the Amazon. Although substantial genetic differences were found between clades, the authors also found further genetic structuring within clades, with populations in Central America, north and northeast Brazil generally showing higher levels of genetic diversity compared to the clonal ones in southeast Brazil. The authors discuss the taxonomic status and update the geographical distribution of the Central and Southern clades, as well as potential dispersal routes and biogeographical barriers influencing the distribution of the selfing mangrove killifishes in the western Atlantic mangroves.
The Ligamentum condylicum posterius as a precursor structure of the Processus condylicus posterior, another Proatlas‐Manifestation of the human occipital bone
Authors: Wolf‐Vollenbröker Michael , Prescher Andreas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article presents the results of a dissection series investigating a previously neglected ligamentous structure attached to the human occipital bone, the Ligamentum condylicum posterius or posterior condylar ligament, and relates these results to the manifestation of a likewise poorly recognized occipital bony variation, the Processus condylicus posterior. The dissection of 50 human cranio‐cervical junctions revealed the existence of the posterior condylar ligament in 98% of all cases, sometimes containing free elongated ossicles and osseous spurs at the insertion points at the occipital bone. In two cases the osseous formation of a Processus condylicus posterior became apparent (4%), which further provided the opportunity to study the behaviour of the ligament in these cases. In this article, we show and discuss that the posterior condylar ligament and osseous structures possibly derive from tissue that originates from the material of the dorsal arch of the Proatlas, a rudimentary vertebra between occipital bone and atlas. For this purpose, the Ponticulus atlantis posterior as another Proatlas‐manifestation, whose origin from the dorsal Proatlas‐arch is widely accepted in literature, is considered. This bony variant was found in 11 specimens (22%) in the present study and further served to classify and interpret the findings of the much rarer Processus condylicus posterior. As a result of this dissection series and a review of literature on this understudied topic, a typology of manifestations of the posterior condylar ligament, Processus condylicus posterior and related structures like free ossicles has been introduced.
Fas, Caspase‐8, and Caspase‐9 pathway‐mediated bile acid‐induced fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis in intrahepatic cholestasis pregnant rat models
Authors: Song Zhaoyi , Tian Xinyu , Shi Qingyun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimIntrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a specific complication in the middle and late pregnancy and has been recognized as one of the high‐risk pregnancy for sudden fetal death. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of Fas, Caspase‐8, and Caspase‐9 pathways in the internal relations of fetal myocardial apoptosis in ICP rat models, thus resulting in fetal intrauterine death. Furthermore, we researched whether ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) promoted benefits in fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Materials and methodsTo establish ICP rat models, on the 15th day of pregnancy, rats were injected 17α‐ethynyl estradiol (EE2). Meanwhile, in experimental group, pregnant rats were treated with EE2 + UDCA. All rats were sacrificed on the 21st day of pregnancy. The expression levels of Fas, Caspase‐8, and Caspase‐9 were examined by western blot and real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Fetal rat cardiac tissues were removed and stained for pathological evaluation. In addition, we observed fetal myocardial structure by using transmission electron microscopy.ResultsWe detected high concentrations of bile acids and transaminase in the fetal circulation. And we found increased expression levels of Fas, Caspase‐8, and Caspase‐9 proteins and mRNA in the fetal cardiomyocyte in EE2‐treated group but not in control‐ or EE2 + UDCA‐treated groups. Furthermore, compared to controls, EE2‐treated rats exhibited severe fetal myocardial structure damage and the apoptotic bodies by using transmission electron microscopy. UDCA reversed the impairment of fetal cardiomyocytes.ConclusionOur study has led to research into the association between activation of Fas, Caspase‐8, and Caspase‐9 pathways and bile acid‐induced fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which may be one of the mechanisms on fetal cardiac death in ICP. More importantly, UDCA may improve the adverse outcome of fetus.
Low uptake of isoniazid window prophylaxis in patients exposed to a health‐care worker with pulmonary tuberculosis in a paediatric ward
Authors: Sinnathamby Annushkha , Ang Samantha , Bagdasarian Natasha , Chan Hwang Ching , Chan Si Min 
Published: April 2021

AimA nurse on a paediatric multidisciplinary ward was diagnosed with smear‐positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Children <2 years old, immunocompromised, or >40 h of contact (n = 173) were contact‐traced.MethodsChildren received clinical review, chest X‐ray, tuberculin skin test (TST; <5 years old) and/or an interferon‐gamma release assay (Quantiferon TB‐Gold, ≥5 years old). Infants <6 months old or children <5 years old screened <2 months from exposure were recommended isoniazid window prophylaxis (WP) until a repeat TST at 6 months old or 8–10 weeks after the last exposure to the index case, respectively. Empiric treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was individually considered for immunocompromised patients.ResultsOf 173 children (135 immunocompetent, 38 immunocompromised), two were uncontactable, seven refused screening and two immunocompromised children excluded.Eight of 126 immunocompetent children were diagnosed with LTBI (initial TST positive n = 7, TST conversion n = 1); seven started isoniazid. Thirty‐two of 36 immunocompetent children were recommended WP; 15 accepted (one non‐compliant after 1 month). Six of seven immunocompromised children accepted empiric LTBI treatment due to severe immunosuppression/initial indeterminate Quantiferon TB‐Gold result. Of 15 immunocompromised children offered WP, only five accepted.ConclusionsThere was high acceptance of screening but low uptake of isoniazid WP in high‐risk children exposed to pulmonary tuberculosis. Perception of exposure risk and chemoprophylaxis should be explored further.
The Psychometric Properties of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for the DSM‐5 in Korean Adults Exposed to Natural Disasters1,2
Authors: Seo Woojeong , Cho Yongrae 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis study was conducted to examine the factor structure and other psychometric properties of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorders‐Fifth Edition (PCL‐5) in Korean adults (N = 234) exposed to natural disasters. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated almost the same excellent fit with both the six‐factor Anhedonia model and the seven‐factor Hybrid model. However, no significant difference in model fit was found between the two models, supporting the parsimonious six‐factor Anhedonia model. In addition, the total scale and six subscales of the PCL‐5 demonstrated good or acceptable internal consistency and good convergent and discriminant validity. These results provide additional evidence for expanding the use of the PCL‐5 with non‐English‐speaking adults exposed to natural disasters. Implications for the use of this questionnaire in assessment and treatment contexts are discussed.
Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam, carprofen, and tolfenamic acid after intramuscular and oral administration in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Turk Erdinc , Tekeli Ibrahim Ozan , Corum Orhan , Durna Corum Duygu , Kirgiz Fatma Ceren , Cetin Gul , Arslan Atessahin Dilek , Uney Kamil 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam (MLX), carprofen (CRP), and tolfenamic acid (TA) in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) following intramuscular (IM) and oral administration at doses of 1, 10, and 2 mg/kg, respectively. A total of 72 quails were randomly divided into 3 equal groups as MLX, CRP, and TA. Each group was separated into two sub‐groups that received IM and oral administration of each drug. Plasma concentrations of MLX, CRP, and TA were determined using HPLC‐UV and analyzed by non‐compartmental method. The t1/2ʎzand MRT of MLX, CRP, and TA after oral administration were similar to those after IM administration. The Vdarea/F of MLX, CRP, and TA after IM administration was 0.28, 2.05, and 0.20 L/kg. The Cl/F of MLX, CRP, and TA after IM administration was 0.12, 0.19, and 0.09 L/h/kg. MLX, CRP, and TA after oral administration showed significantly lower Cmaxand longer Tmaxcompared with IM administration. The relative bioavailability of MLX, CRP, and TA following oral administration in quails was 76.13%, 61.46%, and 57.32%, respectively. The IM and oral route of MLX, CRP, and TA can be used for the treatment of various conditions in quails. However, further research is necessary to determine the pharmacodynamics and safety of MLX, CRP, and TA before use in quails.