bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Facile Approach to Fabricating Antibacterial Textile with High Efficiency and Compact Process
Authors: Li Linfeng , Yu Pengju , Li Yuanyuan , Wu Xi , Li Wenbin , Cheng Xiaomin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe urgent need of healthcare promotes the research and development of antibacterial textiles. However, conventional antibacterial textile is based on the solution method to form bacteriostatic granules on the textile matrix, and this form of textile has lurking perils to environment and low durability. Herein, a distinctive self‐limiting surface chemical reaction, atomic layer deposition (ALD), is proposed that deposit zinc oxide (ZnO) on cotton fabrics pretreated with polydopamine (PDA) to prepare nanocomposite textiles in an exceedingly short time by meticulously regulating the parameters. The results show that the cotton @ PDA treated for only 10 min has more than 95% antibacterial rate against both S. aureus and E. coli, which is better than that treated by ALD or PDA alone. Besides, the significance of reactive oxygen species in the antibacterial activity of PDA and ZnO composite coating is confirmed by introducing vitamin E for the first time. Thanks to PDA pre coating and the unique interface combination mode of ALD, the antibacterial textiles introduced in this study have excellent durability. The strategy proposed in this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the antibacterial modification of medical devices.
It is an All‐Rounder! On the Development of Metal Halide Perovskite‐Based Fluorescent Sensors and Radiation Detectors
Authors: Aamir Muhammad , Shahiduzzaman Md. , Taima Tetsuya , Akhtar Javeed , Nunzi Jean‐Michel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMetal halide perovskites (MHPs) dominate the class of wet processed semiconductors due to high photoluminescence quantum yield, tunable emission over a wide wavelength range, high carrier mobilities, and high absorption coefficient. Owing to these remarkable properties, MHPs cover next‐generation applications such as solar cells, light emitting diodes, lasers, photocatalysts, etc. Beside these fascinating applications, MHPs attract increased attention as fluorescent sensors for various chemical analytes and environmental changes such as temperature, etc. Likewise, high‐energy radiation detection is also displayed by the MHPs, like in scintillators. Here, the latest advances in MHPs fluorescent sensors and high‐energy X‐ray, gamma‐ray, and beta detectors are reviewed. The basics including match‐mismatch of MHPs for fluorescent sensing and radiation detection applications are discussed. Moreover, the mechanistic understanding of fluorescent sensing and radiation detection by MHPs is also elaborated. The authors conclude with outlooks on future opportunities for MHP fluorescent sensors and high‐energy radiation detectors.
A High‐Performance Photodetector Based on 1D Perovskite Radial Heterostructure
Authors: Zhang Jianfeng , Zhong Wei , Liu Yuan , Huang Jincheng , Deng Sunbin , Zhang Meng , Kwok Hoi‐Sing , Li Guijun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract1D metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are known as excellent candidates for fabricating high‐performance optoelectronic devices, ranging from lasers to photodetectors (PDs). Nevertheless, their inherent limitations, such as high binding energy and limited carrier mobility, have restricted their further improvement in performance. To tackle this issue, hybrid MHP microwires (MWs) are fabricated by combining MHP MWs and an organic semiconductor via a facile self‐assembly method, forming a radial heterojunction. Meanwhile, an ultrathin insulating organic layer is introduced as an interlayer between MHP MWs and the organic semiconductor. The synthesized hybrid MWs are further applied in rigid and flexible PDs, which demonstrated a high light/dark current on‐off ratio (>2 × 105), a high responsivity (>400 A W−1), and robust bending stability. These impressive results make the hybrid MHP MWs with the unique radial heterostructure promising building blocks for high‐performance future optoelectronics.
Three‐Component Difunctionalization of Cyclohexenyl Triflates: Direct Access to Versatile Cyclohexenes via Cyclohexynes
Authors: Cho Seoyoung , McLaren E. J. , Wang Qiu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDifunctionalization of strained cyclic alkynes presents a powerful strategy to build richly functionalized cyclic alkenes in an expedient fashion. Herein we disclose an efficient and flexible approach to achieve carbohalogenation, dicarbofunctionalization, aminohalogenation and aminocarbonation of readily available cyclohexenyl triflates. We have demonstrated the novel use of zincate base/nucleophile system for effective formation of key cyclohexyne intermediates and selective addition of various carbon and nitrogen nucleophiles. Importantly, leveraging the resulting organozincates enables the incorporation of a broad range of electrophilic partners to deliver structurally diverse cyclohexene motifs. The importance and utility of this method is also exemplified by the modularity of this approach and the ease in which even highly complex polycyclic scaffolds can be accessed in one step.
Lifting the cloak of secrecy: Experiences of providing crisis pregnancy counselling in a changing legislative context in Ireland
Authors: Ryan Meg , Nolan Ann , Vallières Frédérique 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCrisis pregnancy counselling (CPC) is a specific form of crisis counselling, whereby the pregnancy represents a personal crisis for the woman involved. While much research has been undertaken into understanding the antecedents and outcomes of crisis pregnancy, few studies have examined the experience of CPC from the perspective of counsellors. In addition, no studies to date have examined the changes in the experience of CPC following substantial changes in abortion legislation. The current study therefore aimed to describe the experiences of providing CPC within the context of recent legislative changes pertaining to the provision of abortion in Ireland. Seven semi‐structured, in‐depth individual interviews were conducted with counsellors and therapists who had provided CPC in the Irish context. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Four superordinate themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) tension created by legislative conditions, (2) the impact of societal views and stigma, (3) a new sense of freedom, and (4) finding meaning and motivation in supporting women's choices. Overall, the study highlights that CPC is a complex experience, which differs in important ways from providing counselling in other contexts, including other forms of crisis counselling. Implications for policy and practice are identified.
Defluorination Capability of l‐2‐Haloacid Dehalogenases in the HAD‐Like Hydrolase Superfamily Correlates with Active Site Compactness
Authors: Chan Peter W. Y. , Chakrabarti Nilmadhab , Ing Chris , Halgas Ondrej , To Terence K. W. , Wälti Marielle , Petit Alain‐Pierre , Tran Christopher , Savchenko Alexei , Yakunin Alexander F. , Edwards Elizabeth A. , Pomès Régis , Pai Emil F. 
Published: October 2021

Abstractl‐2‐Haloacid dehalogenases, industrially and environmentally important enzymes that catalyse cleavage of the carbon‐halogen bond in S‐2‐halocarboxylic acids, were known to hydrolyse chlorinated, brominated and iodinated substrates but no activity towards fluorinated compounds had been reported. A screen for novel dehalogenase activities revealed four l‐2‐haloacid dehalogenases capable of defluorination. We now report crystal structures for two of these enzymes, Bpro0530 and Rha0230, as well as for the related proteins PA0810 and RSc1362, which hydrolyse chloroacetate but not fluoroacetate, all at ∼2.2 Å resolution. Overall structure and active sites of these enzymes are highly similar. In molecular dynamics (MD) calculations, only the defluorinating enzymes sample more compact conformations, which in turn allow more effective interactions with the small fluorine atom. Structural constraints, based on X‐ray structures and MD calculations, correctly predict the defluorination activity of the homologous enzyme ST2570.
Target‐Mediated 5’‐Exonuclease Digestion of DNA Aptamers with RecJ to Modulate Rolling Circle Amplification for Biosensing
Authors: Bialy Roger M. , Li Yingfu , Brennan John D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe report a new method for biosensing based on the target‐mediated resistance of DNA aptamers against 5’‐exonuclease digestion, allowing them to act as primers for rolling circle amplification (RCA). A target‐bound DNA strand containing an aptamer region on the 5’‐end and a primer region on the 3’‐end is protected from 5’‐exonuclease digestion by RecJ exonuclease in a target‐dependent manner. As the protected aptamer is at the 5’‐end, the exposed primer on the 3’‐end can participate in RCA in the presence of a circular template to generate a turn‐on sensor. Without target, RecJ digests the primer and prevents RCA from occurring, allowing quantitative fluorescence detection of both thrombin, a protein, and ochratoxin A (OTA), a small molecule, at picomolar concentrations.
Artematrovirenolides A—D and Artematrolides S—Z, Sesquiterpenoid Dimers with Cytotoxicity against Three Hepatoma Cell Lines from Artemisia atrovirens
Authors: Su Li‐Hua , Li Tian‐Ze , Ma Yun‐Bao , Geng Chang‐An , Huang Xiao‐Yan , Zhang Xin , Gao Zhen , Chen Ji‐Jun 
Published: October 2021

Comprehensive SummaryInspired by the intriguing structures and remarkable activities of sesquiterpenoid dimers, 12 new sesquiterpenoid dimers, artematrovirenolides A—D (1—4) and artematrolides S—Z (8—12), were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of Artemisia atrovirens through a bioactivity‐guided approach. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data and absolute configuration was assigned based on single crystal X‐ray diffraction data and ECD calculations. Structurally, all compounds are presumably formed via [4+2] cycloaddition involving three connecting model. Compounds 1—4 are four novel hetero‐dimeric [4+2] Diels–Alder adducts dimerized from a rotundane‐type unit and a guaiane‐type monomer, and compounds 5—12 are eight new homo‐dimeric [4+2] adducts derived from two guaianolide moieties. A putative biosynthetic pathway for compounds 1—4 was also proposed. Compounds 4, 6, 7, and 10 demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity against HepG2, SMMC‐7721, and Huh7 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.3 to 62.3 μmol/L. Interestingly, compounds 5 and 11 manifested cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 13.6 and 12.8 (HepG2), 18.5 and 13.1 (SMMC‐7721), and 16.5 and 19.4 μmol/L (Huh7), respectively, which were equivalent to the positive control, sorafenib. This investigation suggests that compounds 5 and 11 might be considered as potent antihepatoma candidates and deserve further structural modification and mechanism study.
Direct Access to Unique C‐5’‐Acyl Modified Nucleosides through Liebeskind–Srogl Cross‐Coupling Reaction
Authors: Maverick Mary Anne , Gaillard Marie , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Debart Françoise , Smietana Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe chemical functionalization at C‐5’ position of nucleosides has been significantly less studied compared to the C‐1’, C‐2’ and C‐3’ sugar positions in spite of its potential important role for biological activity. We describe here the synthesis of new carbothioate nucleosides which were then engaged in a Liebeskind‐Srogl reaction with various boronic acids for the preparation of diversely modified C‐5’‐acyl nucleosides. Applied to pyrimidine nucleosides in the DNA and RNA series, the reaction showed a broad substrate scope and more than 25 examples were synthesized in good‐to‐excellent isolated yields. This general and efficient Pd‐catalyzed and Cu(I)‐mediated cross‐coupling represents a convenient method to prepare a diverse set of 5’‐modified nucleosides and paves the way for further transformation into a variety of potentially bioactive compounds via the possible conversion of the C‐5’‐ketone.
Adaptive sliding mode estimation of state of charge implemented on a field programmable gate array Spartan‐6 Xilinx device
Authors: Belhani Ahmed , Lamamra Kheireddine , M'Sirdi Nacer K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper presents the implementation of adaptive sliding mode estimation (ASME) of the state of charge of a battery on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The study is conducted in two steps: in the first step, we design an adaptive sliding mode observer by taking into account an electrical equivalent circuit describing the battery's behavior and identify the parameters of this equivalent circuit by using the recursive least squares estimation method. In the second step, we study the implementation of this ASME on an FPGA card.
Time‐Resolved Second‐Order Coherence Characterization of Broadband Metallic Nanolasers
Authors: George Agnes , Bruhacs Andrew , Aadhi A. , Hayenga William E. , Ostic Rachel , Whitby Erin , Kues Michael , Wang Zhiming M. , Reimer Christian , Khajavikhan Mercedeh , Morandotti Roberto 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHigh‐bandwidth metallic coaxial nanolasers are of high interest to investigate laser physics such as thresholdless coherence transitions, and have a large variety of promising applications enabled by their ultrasmall size and large spectral bandwidth. Optical coherence properties are commonly characterized in Hanbury‐Brown and Twiss experiments. However, those are difficult to perform in broadband lasers when the coherence time is an order of magnitude shorter than the temporal resolution of the single‐photon detectors, thus requiring significant spectral filtering. This paper demonstrates a new approach in investigating the temporal dynamics of the photon statistics associated with the nanolaser emission, obtained without the requirement of spectral filtering. While optically pumping the nanolasers with nanosecond pulses, time‐resolved second‐order coherence properties are evaluated over the time duration of the pump pulse. Coherence transitions from thermal emission to lasing are observed in the gathered time‐resolved photon statistics, linked to the temporal change in optical power of the nanosecond pump pulses. As nanolasers show better performance for the pulsed pumping scheme, the temporal envelope modulation of these pulses results in varying degrees of coherence within the nanolaser pulse envelope. This approach can also be readily applied to characterize a large variety of broadband lasers.
Photonic Frequency Conversion of OFDM Microwave Signals in a Wavelength‐Scale Optomechanical Cavity
Authors: Mercadé Laura , Morant Maria , Griol Amadeu , Llorente Roberto , Martínez Alejandro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOptomechanical (OM) cavities enable coupling of near‐infrared light and GHz‐frequency acoustic waves in wavelength‐scale volumes. When driven in the phonon lasing regime, an OM cavity can perform simultaneously as a nonlinear mixer and a local oscillator—at integer multiples of the mechanical resonance frequency—in the optical domain. In this work, this property is used to demonstrate all‐optical frequency down‐ and up‐conversion of MHz‐bandwidth orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signals compliant with the IEEE 802.16e WiMAX wireless standard at microwave frequencies. To this end, a silicon OM crystal cavity (OMCC), supporting a breathing‐like mechanical resonance at GHz and having a foot‐print 10 m, which yields frequency conversion efficiencies better than −17 dB in both down‐ and up‐conversion processes at mW‐scale driving power, is employed. This work paves the way toward the application of OMCCs in low‐power all‐photonic processing of digitally modulated microwave signals in miniaturized silicon photonics chips.
Synthesis and radical polymerization of acrylate and methacrylate bearing an isocyanurate core with adamantyl bisurethane moieties
Authors: Okamoto Shusuke , Endo Takeshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we report the synthesis of acrylate and methacrylate bearing an isocyanurate core with two adamantyl urethane moieties and their radical homo‐ and copolymerization with n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA). The synthesized polyacrylate exhibits higher 5% weight loss and glass transition temperatures (Td5 and Tg) than those of the comparative polyacrylate, synthesized from the isocyanurate‐based acrylate with two hexyl urethane moieties, suggesting that the rigid adamantane core incorporated in the side chains of polymer largely contributes to increase in thermal stability of polymer. Similarly, the obtained copolymers show higher Tg values than that of homopolymer derived from BMA, leading to the synthesized monomers are useful as a comonomer to enhance thermal property of polymer.
Effects of propofol and its formulation components on macrophages and neutrophils in obese and lean animals
Authors: Heil Luciana Boavista Barros , Cruz Fernanda Ferreira , Antunes Mariana Alves , Braga Cassia Lisboa , Agra Lais Costa , Bose Leão Rebecca Madureira , Abreu Soraia Carvalho , Pelosi Paolo , Silva Pedro Leme , Rocco Patricia Rieken Macedo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe hypothesized whether propofol or active propofol component (2,6‐diisopropylphenol [DIPPH] and lipid excipient [LIP‐EXC]) separately may alter inflammatory mediators expressed by macrophages and neutrophils in lean and obese rats. Male Wistar rats (n = 10) were randomly assigned to receive a standard (lean) or obesity‐inducing diet (obese) for 12 weeks. Animals were euthanized, and alveolar macrophages and neutrophils from lean and obese animals were exposed to propofol (50 µM), active propofol component (50 µM, 2,6‐DIPPH), and lipid excipient (soybean oil, purified egg phospholipid, and glycerol) for 1 h. The primary outcome was IL‐6 expression after propofol and its components exposure by alveolar macrophages extracted from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The secondary outcomes were the production of mediators released by macrophages from adipose tissue, and neutrophils from lung and adipose tissues, and neutrophil migration. IL‐6 increased after the exposure to both propofol (median [interquartile range] 4.14[1.95–5.20]; p = .04) and its active component (2,6‐DIPPH) (4.09[1.67–5.91]; p = .04) in alveolar macrophages from obese animals. However, only 2,6‐DIPPH increased IL‐10 expression (7.59[6.28–12.95]; p = .001) in adipose tissue‐derived macrophages. Additionally, 2,6‐DIPPH increased C‐X‐C chemokine receptor 2 and 4 (CXCR2 and CXCR4, respectively) in lung (10.08[8.23–29.01]; p = .02; 1.55[1.49–3.43]; p = .02) and adipose tissues (8.78[4.15–11.57]; p = .03; 2.86[2.17–3.71]; p = .01), as well as improved lung‐derived neutrophil migration (28.00[−3.42 to 45.07]; p = .001). In obesity, the active component of propofol affected both the M1 and M2 markers as well as neutrophils in both alveolar and adipose tissue cells, suggesting that lipid excipient may hinder the effects of active propofol.
Understand SLE heterogeneity in the era of omics, big data, and artificial intelligence
Authors: Puri Prianka , Jiang Simon H. , Yang Yang , Mackay Fabienne , Yu Di 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by extraordinary heterogeneity, due to the complex pathogenesis and diverse manifestations. Stratification of patients for therapy and prognosis represents a major challenge to manage SLE. Conventional biomarkers for disease diagnosis and activity assessment provide very limited insight into immunological pathogenesis and therapeutic response rates. The advancement of “omics” technologies including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has constituted an unprecedented opportunity to characterize the immunopathological landscape in individual patients with SLE. Indeed, genomic studies reveal a subset of SLE patients carrying one or more functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) underlying immune dysregulation while transcriptomic studies have revealed subgroups in SLE patients showing distinct signatures for Type I interferon (TI‐IFN) pathway activation or aberrant differentiation of B cells into plasma cells. This review will summarize results from the latest studies using omics technology to understand SLE heterogeneity. In addition, we propose that the application of artificial intelligence, such as by machine learning‐based nonlinear dimensionality reduction method uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) can further strengthen the analysis of omics big data. The combination of new technology and novel analysis pipeline can lead to breakthroughs in stratifying SLE patients for a better monitoring of disease activity and more precise design of treatment regime, not only for conventional immunosuppression but also novel immunotherapies targeting B‐cell activating factor (BAFF), TI‐IFN, and interleukin 2 (IL‐2).
Honeycomb‐Inspired Robust Hygroscopic Nanofibrous Cellular Networks
Authors: Zhang Yufei , Wu Lei , Babar Aijaz Ahmed , Zhao Xinglei , Wang Xianfeng , Yu Jianyong , Ding Bin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMimicking nature is a highly efficient and meaningful way for designing functional materials. However, constructing bioinspired nanofibrous 3D cellular networks with robust mechanical features is extremely challenging. Herein, a biomimetic, super‐flexible, highly elastic, and tough nanofibrous membrane (NFM)‐based water harvester is reported with a highly ordered honeycomb‐inspired gradient network structure, self‐assembled from electrospun spider‐silk‐like humped nanofibers. The resultant NFM exhibits super flexibility, high tensile strength (2.9 MPa), superior elasticity, and decent toughness (3.39 MJ m−3), allowing it to be used as the framework of hygroscopic materials. The resulting hygroscopic NFM displays excellent moisture absorption performance, which can be used as an efficient water harvester with a superhigh equilibrium moisture absorption capacity of 4.60 g g−1 at 95% relative humidity for 96 h, fast moisture absorption and transport rates, and long‐term durability, achieving directional transport and collection of tiny water droplets. This work paves the way for the design and development of multifunctional NFMs with a honeycomb‐inspired gradient network structure.
Feuerwiderstand von Wänden aus Sandwichelementen mit Mineralwollkern – Experimentelle Überprüfung der Extrapolationsregeln in DIN EN 15254‐5 für den Feuerwiderstand von Wänden aus Sandwichelementen
Authors: Schmied Jürgen , Ummenhofer Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSandwichelemente reagieren unter Brandbeanspruchung in Abhängigkeit von ihrem Aufbau unterschiedlich. Um eine geeignete Auswahl und Anwendung zu ermöglichen, ist deshalb eine Klassifizierung des Brandverhaltens und der Feuerwiderstandsklasse erforderlich. Da eine solche Klassifizierung nicht für alle Anwendungsfälle im Brandprüfstand untersucht werden kann, sind verifizierte Extrapolationsregeln erforderlich, die eine auf den spezifischen Anwendungsfall bezogene Klassifizierung ermöglichen. Im Rahmen eines von der Versuchsanstalt für Stahl, Holz und Steine des KIT durchgeführten Forschungsvorhabens wurden Wände aus Sandwichelementen mit Mineralwollkern unter ETK‐Brandbeanspruchung geprüft und die Versuchsergebnisse mit den Extrapolationsregeln der DIN EN 15254‐5 verglichen sowie darauf basierende Vorschläge zur Extrapolation erarbeitet.