bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an Electronic Exchange of Medical Documentation for Power Mobility Devices
Authors: Dicianno Brad E. , Gottschalk Madalyn , Benton Elizabeth , Caro Mark , Pajer David 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives Power mobility devices (PMDs) such as power wheelchairs and scooters are crucial for mobility, self-care, employment, and leisure activities. The documentation process for insurance coverage is complex and requires communication and document delivery among multiple stakeholders. The objective of this project was to develop an electronic submission process for medical documentation of PMDs submitted for prior authorization to a Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) and implement a standardized means of communication between providers and payers.
Methods A protocol was developed to create and securely transmit an electronic prescription and several documents that outline medical necessity from a clinical team using EpicCare to a MAC via a Health Information Handler. A Rehabilitation Technology Supplier (RTS) added detailed product information and specifications to the electronic package during transmission.
Setting The setting involved in the study was University-based outpatient assistive technology clinic.
Results The protocol demonstrated successful transmission of an order, medical documentation, and request for signature. Results were transcribed to a readable format for the clinical team and RTS. A set of quality metrics for use in future projects was also identified.
Conclusion This pilot project demonstrated successful electronic exchange and transmission of medical documentation for durable medical equipment from the electronic health record to a MAC.
Voice Outcomes after Radiotherapy for Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Bridhikitti Jidapa , Chotigavanich Chanticha , Apiwarodom Nantakan 
Published: April 2021

Objective The study was aimed to assess changes in voice outcomes after radiotherapy in laryngeal cancer patients.
Materials and Methods The study included 60 laryngeal cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy between 2005 and 2012. The primary endpoint of this study was to assess abnormalities of the patients’ voices after the treatment. The Thai version of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and xerostomia questionnaire were conducted by telephone. Videostroboscopic examination was done to objectively assess voice outcomes.
Results The median age of patients was 63 years. Most patients had glottic cancer (84.1%) and T1–2 disease (84.1%). The median time from treatment to the study was 46 months. In terms of the total VHI score, most patients were in the normal and slight handicap groups (22% and 71.4%, respectively). Only 4.8% and 1.6% of the patients were in moderate and severe handicap group, respectively. Twenty-eight patients had significant xerostomia. Videostroboscopy examination was done in 23 patients and most common findings were telangiectasia (95.7%), abnormal mucosal wave (47.8%), and abnormal glottic closure configuration (34.8%). Regarding total VHI score, lower radiation dose, conventional radiation dose per fraction, longer period after treatment, and significant xerostomia status were significantly correlated with worse voice outcomes. There were no statistically significant correlations between the videostroboscopic findings and VHI scores.
Conclusion Voice outcomes in most of laryngeal cancer patients treated with radiotherapy had a normal or mild handicap at more than 1 year of follow-up. Only 4.8% and 1.6% of the patients had moderate and severe voice outcome handicap, respectively.
Eriobotrya japonica (loquat).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

E. japonica is an evergreen shrub or small tree indigenous to southern China and traditionally cultivated there and in Japan. It is planted throughout the subtropics and tropics as an ornamental and for its sweet-tasting fruit. Propagation is conventional and straight-forward. It is planted for commercial use in the Mediterranean, Australia, South Africa, South America, USA and India (Verheij and Coronel, 1991). In South-East Asia it is primarily planted in home-gardens. Its flowers and leaves have medicinal value and relieve flu symptoms.
Analyzing entropic uncertainty bound in two qubits coupled to a spin environment
Authors: Haddadi Saeed , Haseli Soroush , Pourkarimi Mohammad Reza , Mirmasoudi Forouzan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
By assuming a general pure state and a mixed Werner state as two initial states, we investigate the time evolution of entropic uncertainty bound in the presence of quantum memory for a two-qubit system interacting with an XY spin chain regarded as an environment constrained to carry the energy current. We obtain an explicit relationship between the entropic uncertainty bound and decoherence factor, and analytically study the dynamical process of entropic uncertainty bound for both weak and strong-coupling cases in two initial states. Our results reveal that the evolution of entropic uncertainty bound depends not only on the energy current, the system-environment couplings and the anisotropy parameter but also on the size of the environmental XY spin chain. Interestingly, we find that the entropic uncertainty bound can be suppressed by reducing the energy current on the environmental spin chain in a weak-coupling region, however, it has no sensitivity to the energy current in a strong-coupling region.
One line to run them all: SuperEasy massive neutrino linear response in 𝖭-body simulations
Authors: Chen Joe Zhiyu , Upadhye Amol , Wong Yvonne Y.Y. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present in this work a novel and yet extremely simple method for incorporating the effects of massive neutrinos in cosmological N-body simulations. This so-called “SuperEasy linear response” approach is based upon analytical solutions to the collisionless Boltzmann equation in the clustering and free-streaming limits, which are then connected by a rational function interpolation function with cosmology-dependent coefficients given by simple algebraic expressions of the cosmological model parameters. The outcome is a one-line modification to the gravitational potential that requires only the cold matter density contrast as a real-time input, and that can be incorporated into any N-body code with a Particle-Mesh component with no additional implementation cost. To demonstrate its power, we implement the SuperEasy method in the publicly available Gadget-2 code, and show that for neutrino mass sums not exceeding ∑ mν≃ 1 eV, the total matter and cold matter power spectra are in
sub-1% and sub-0.1% agreement with those from state-of-the-art linear response simulations in literature. Aside from its minimal implementation cost, compared with existing massive neutrino simulation methods, the SuperEasy approach has better memory efficiency, incurs no runtime overhead relative to a standard ΛCDM simulation, and requires no post-processing. The minimal nature of the method allows limited computational resources to be diverted to modelling other physical effects of interest, e.g., baryonic physics via hydrodynamics.
Resistivity of Cu, Ni and Sb in undercooled liquid state
Authors: Guo Fengxiang , Zhang Xueyu , Liu Shousheng , Gai Zhigang , Wang Yibao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
With the help of non-contact measurement, electrical resistivity of Cu, Ni, Sb has been measured to study the influence of short range order on electrons scattering in the normal and undercooled liquid state. Till the maximum undercooling, linear resistivity-temperature dependence is obtained in Cu and Ni melts. Nonlinear resistivity behavior is obtained in undercooled liquid Sb till a maximum undercooling of about 60 degree. The increase in viscous flow activation energy reveals structure transition in Sb melts. A drop in resistivity of Cu melts is obtained accompanying the recalescence. The abrupt jump in resistivity of Sb reveals the rapid growth of Peierls distortion during rapid solidification process.
The overgrowth of Ag controlled by K2PtCl4 based on gold nanorods
Authors: Zhang Qi , Deng Tian-Song , Wei Ming-Zhang , Gu Yi-Jie , Cheng Zhiqun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have shown excellent performance in various fields such as biocatalysis, optical imaging, chemistry and medicine. Although bimetallic nanostructures based on gold nanorods have been widely used, how to effectively control the growth of the second metal is still a big challenge. To solve this problem, we develop this method to control the symmetric overgrowth of Ag shell based on gold nanorods. Here, we use K2PtCl4 to be a precursor to form the AuNRs-Pt. And then AuNRs-Pt were used as seeds to form symmetric AuNRs-Pt-Ag by the addition of the AgNO3 precursor. The resulting products possess core-shell nanostructures and stronger localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). Our approach can be widely extended to two or three metals in different shapes, which can be used in optical and catalytic applications.
Experimental investigation of frost heave force on tubing and casing
Authors: Chen Shengshan , Wang Hanxiang , Liu Yanxin , Lan Wenjian , Lv Xiaoxiao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Currently, CO2 injection is mainly used to rejuvenate oil reservoirs as a tertiary oil recovery technology. During the cryogenic CO2 injection process, when the temperature drops below the freezing point of water, the volume expansion caused by the freezing of the water in the tubing and casing annulus generates a frost heave force. This additional force increases the risk of tubing fracture and shortens the life of the well. Therefore, in this paper, a laboratory experiment is carried out to analyse the characteristics of tubing and casing stress under the effect of a frost heave force. The results show that the frost heave force in the annulus squeezes the tubing and casing into an ellipse during the freezing process and that the strength of the frost heave force is approximately equivalent to the internal pressure of 104 MPa in a thin-walled cylinder pressure vessel of the same size. The experimental results explain the tubing and casing failure mechanism with the effect of frost heave force and provide a theoretical basis for providing a solution to improve the service life of tubing and casing in a cryogenic CO2 injection well.
Elevated Temperature Mechanical Properties of in-situ Synthesized TiB2/Al-4.5Cu Matrix Composites
Authors: Xue Yanqing , Hao Qitang , Li Bo , Wang Xinliang , Zhang Han , Wu Dayong , Liang Enpu , Su Ru 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Precipitation coarsening characteristics at elevated temperature have a powerful influence on the thermodynamics properties of TiB2 particles reinforced aluminium-copper matrix composites (PRAMCs), aging precipitation of θ-Al2Cu is stable at room temperature, but coarsening occurs at elevated temperature, In this paper, Al-4.5Cu matrix composites with different content TiB2 are prepared via the molten salt reaction to evaluate the microstructures transformation and the related elevated temperature mechanical properties. Experimental results show that yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of TiB2/Al-4.5Cu composites increase with the augment of TiB2 mass fraction, while the elongation decreases gradually both at elevated-temperature of 453k and 493k. The analysis suggests that the remarkable α-Al grain refinement along with pinning effect of TiB2 particles has a great effect on the grain boundary sliding and migration at high temperature. Additionally, interface debonding also affects the damage and fracture of the composites.
Recent Progress of Polymer Micelles used as Anti-cancer Multifunctional Nano-carriers
Authors: Zhang Qian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Polymer micelles, formed mostly by core-shell structures, are one kind of nano-carriers, which are used in the therapy of cancer through diverse methods. The shell is usually formed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) thus having the advantage of preparing amphiphilic and biocompatible drug-carriers. With different drugs as the core, multi-functions such as magnetic thermal, photothermal, targeting, contrast etc. were discovered to be used in the therapeutic system. Simultaneously, the loading and delivery of drugs can be adjusted under the control of polymer micelles, so that drug-releasing in vivo is enabled to be quantified, accompanied by the change of external conditions in the sake for reduction of cytotoxicity. Therefore, polymer micelles have crucial significance for the treatment of cancer. This essay introduces the latest research progress of polymer micelles to make simple guides for researchers who are getting touched with this field so as to broaden the scope and propose innovations.
Photocatalytic properties of ZnO powder sensitized by ZnTPP
Authors: Li Pei-Xin , Yang Ai-Yung , Lu Yao , Song Jia , Cui Juan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, ZnTPP-ZnO composite photocatalyst was prepared by impregnation method, and the samples prepared were characterized and analyzed by UV-Vis technology and TEM technology. The effects of light duration and ZnTPP loading on the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by ZnO were investigated. The experimental results show that ZnTPP is mainly loaded on the surface of ZnO particles in the form of surface adsorption, and plays the role of generating excited electrons and transferring electrons in photocatalysis. The degradation of methyl orange by the composite photocatalyst is mainly due to the photodegradation and the absorption peak is blue shift. The longer the light duration, the more degradation of methyl orange; The photocatalytic activity of ZnO is the highest when the sensitizer loading is 6 µmol.
Numerical Analysis of Stray Grain Formation during Laser Welding Nickel-based Single-crystal Superalloy Part I: Columnar/Equiaxed Morphology Transition
Authors: Gao Zhiguo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The thermo-metallurgical modeling of stray grain formation was further developed by couple of heat transfer model, dendrite selection model, multicomponent dendrite growth model, nonequilibrium solidification model and minimum undercooling model during three-dimensional nickel-based single-crystal superalloy weld pool nonequilibrium solidification over a wide range of welding conditions (laser power, welding speed and welding configuration). Welding configuration simultaneously influences distributions of stray grain formation and columnar/equiaxed transition (CET). The stray grain formation and dendrite morphology ahead of solid/liquid interface are symmetrically distributed about the weld pool centerline in the (001)/[100] welding configuration. The stray grain formation and dendrite morphology ahead of solid/liquid interface is asymmetrically distributed in the (001)/[110] welding configuration. Vulnerable [100] dendrite growth region is suppressed in favor of epitaxial [001] dendrite growth region to predominantly facilitate single-crystal dendrite growth with further reduction of heat input. Stray grain formation and solidification cracking are preferentially confined to [100] dendrite growth region. The smaller heat input is used, the less nucleation and growth of stray grain formation with decreasing constitutional undercooling ahead of solid/liquid interface is incurred with mitigation of metallurgical driving forces for solidification cracking and columnar dendrite morphology is increased and vice versa. Symmetrical crystallographic orientation of dendrite growth spontaneously ameliorates microstructure development, and improves resistance to solidification cracking. The mechanism of asymmetrical solidification cracking because of crystallography-dependent stray grain formation and morphology instability is therefore proposed. Optimum low heat input (low laser power and high welding speed) with (001)/[100] welding configuration essentially minimizes both stray grain formation and columnar/equiaxed morphology transition and is beneficial to weldability and weld integrity through morphology control, while undesirable high heat input (high laser power and slow welding speed) with (001)/[110] welding configuration leads to microstructure anomalies and worsens solidification cracking susceptibility. The stray grain formation and morphology transition in the [100] dendrite growth region on the right side of the weld pool are more severe than that in the [010] dendrite growth region on the left side, although the same heat input imposes on both sides of the weld pool in the (001)/[110] welding configuration. The theoretical predictions agree well with the experiment results. Moreover, the promising and reliable model is also applicable to other single-crystal superalloys with similar metallurgical properties for successful crack-free laser welding or laser cladding.
Arbitrary depth slice imaging based on cone beam x-rays multi-angle sampling
Authors: Xia X. , Hu X. , Zhao J. , Zou J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Arbitrary internal depth slice imaging is an effective way to realize rapid industrial scanning and reconstruction method in x-rays imaging. This paper proposes a novel arbitrary internal depth slice imaging (AIDSI) method for cone beam x-rays imaging. AIDSI builds the relationships between voxels of depth slices and pixels of sampling images under the cone beam x-ray source, which serves to refocus sampling data to specified depth slices. To remove artifacts of direct refocusing, a 3-point weighted practical ramp filtering method is used for sparse sampling data. The side lobes of the filter converge fast, artifacts caused by Gibbs effects are effectively reduced compared with common Shepp-Logan and Ram-Lak filters. Additionally, a weighting function is designed to reduce artifacts caused by structures of uninteresting layers. The feasibility and effectiveness of AIDSI is evaluated through simulation and real experiments. Results show that the proposed method has the ability to directly reconstruct arbitrary depth slice images based on random sparse sampling data, which is expected to be used for rapid detection of a large number of samples in industry.
Hog (HDL on git): a collaborative management tool to handle git-based HDL repository
Authors: Biesuz N.V. , Camplani A. , Cieri D. , Giangiacomi N. , Gonnella F. , Peck A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present Hog (HDL on git), a set of Tcl scripts and a suitable methodology to allow a fruitful use of git as a HDL repository and guarantee synthesis and placing reproducibility and binary file traceability. Tcl scripts, able to recreate the HDL projects are committed to the repository. This ensures that all the modifications done to the project are correctly propagated, allowing reproducibility. To make the system more user friendly, all the source files used in each project are listed in dedicated text files that are read out by the project Tcl file and imported into the project. Hog supports Xilinx Vivado, ISE (PlanAhead) and Intel Quartus.

To guarantee binary file traceability, Hog links it permanently to a specific git commit by embedding the git-commit hash (SHA) into the binary file via HDL generics stored into firmware registers. This is done by means of a pre-synthesis script, which interacts with the git repository. The project creation and the pre/post synthesis Tcl scripts make use of the Hog utility library, that includes functions to handle git, parse tags, read list files, etc.

Gitlab Continuous Integration (CI) is automatically configured by Hog to simulate, synthesise, and build the design. Hog-CI generates binary files and checks for timing violations. This permits validating new modifications before accepting them, by exploiting the Gitlab Merge Request (MR) system. This is meant to avoid the pollution of the official branch, undermining the starting point for other developers. Hog-CI runs on shared and private (where the needed IDE must be installed) Gitlab runners. It can parse MR parameters, allowing the specification of directives through special keywords in the MR title/description on Gitlab website.
In vitro and in vivo effect of polycaprolactone nanofiber coating on polyethylene glycol diacrylate scaffolds for intervertebral disc repair
Authors: Khandaker M , Kotturi H , Progri H , Tummala S , Nikfarjam S , Rao P , Hosna A , Arasu D T , Williams W , Haleem A M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) is an important class of photosensitive polymer with many tissue engineering applications. This study compared PEGDA and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber matrix (NFM) coated PEGDA, referred to as PCL-PEGDA, scaffolds for their application in multiple tissue repair such as articular cartilage, nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc (IVD). We examined each scaffold morphology, porosity, swelling ratio, degradation, mechanical strength, and in vitro cytocompatibility properties. A defect was created in Sprague Dawley rat tail IVD by scraping native cartilage tissue and disc space, then implanting the scaffolds in the disc space for 4 weeks to evaluate in vivo efficacy of multi-tissue repair. Maintenance of disc height and creation of a new cell matrix was assessed to evaluate each scaffold’s ability to repair the tissue defect. Although both PEGDA and PCL-PEGDA scaffolds showed similar porosity ∼73%, we observed distinct topographical characteristics and a higher effect of degradation on the water-absorbing capacity for PEGDA compared to PCL-PEGDA. Mechanical tests showed higher compressive strength and modulus of PCL-PEGDA compared to PEGDA. In vitro cell studies show that the PCL NFM layer covering PEGDA improved osteoblast cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration into the PEGDA layer. In vivo studies concluded that the PEGDA scaffold alone was not ideal for implantation in rat caudal disc space without PCL nanofiber coating due to low compressive strength and modulus. In vivo results confirm that the PCL-PEGDA scaffold-maintained disc space and created a proteoglycan and collagen-rich new tissue matrix in the defect site after 4 weeks of scaffold implantation. We concluded that our developed PCL-PEGDA has the potential to be used in multi-tissue defect site repair.
Ensuring that offsets and other internationally transferred mitigation outcomes contribute effectively to limiting global warming
Authors: Allen Myles , Tanaka Katsumasa , Macey Adrian , Cain Michelle , Jenkins Stuart , Lynch John , Smith Matthew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ensuring the environmental integrity of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes, whether through offset arrangements, a market mechanism or non-market approaches, is a priority for the implementation of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. Any conventional transferred mitigation outcome, such as an offset agreement, that involves exchanging greenhouse gases with different lifetimes can increase global warming on some timescales. We show that a simple ‘do no harm’ principle regarding the choice of metrics to use in such transactions can be used to guard against this, noting that it may also be applicable in other contexts such as voluntary and compliance carbon markets. We also show that both approximate and exact ‘warming equivalent’ exchanges are possible, but present challenges of implementation in any conventional market. Warming-equivalent emissions may, however, be useful in formulating warming budgets in a two-basket approach to mitigation and in reporting contributions to warming in the context of the global stocktake.