bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motor Competence Performances Among Girls Aged 7–10 Years: Different Dimensions of the Motor Competence Construct Using Common Assessment Batteries
Authors: Khodaverdi Zeinab , Bahram Abbas , Khalaji Hassan , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Ghadiri Farhad , O’Brien Wesley 
Published: May 2021

This paper aimed to investigate different dimensions of motor competence (MC) by using four commonly administered MC assessment tools (Test of Gross Motor Development-3, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 Short Form, Körperkoordinationtest Für Kinder, and Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2) in a sample of 184 girls (Mage = 8.61 years;SD = 1.21 years). This is the first study of its kind to shed light on different dimensions of MC, identifying them through rigorous and robust statistical analysis. The Delphi method was used to select the dimensions of MC. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess whether the dimensions loaded onto the same construct (i.e., MC). Face and content validity identified three dimensions of MC: fundamental motor skills, gross motor coordination, and motor abilities. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an adequate fit for the final MC model with three dimensions. In this model, fundamental motor skills, gross motor coordination, and motor abilities loaded on the MC construct. The data reported present a revised definition of holistic MC, which comprises the level of motor abilities (physical proficiency and perceptual motor abilities) as well as gross motor coordination and fundamental motor skills proficiency, which underlie the performance of a wide range of tasks, including fine and gross motor activities in daily life.
Topical prostaglandin analogue use and cystoid macular oedema following uneventful cataract surgery: a randomised control trial
Authors: Niyadurupola Nuwan , Brodie James , Patel Tejal , Chan Jason , Rahman Mohammad M , Svasti-Salee Carl R , Ching Jared , Misra Aseema , Eke Tom , Broadway David C 
Published: May 2021

Background/aimsThe association between the development of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) following uneventful cataract surgery and prostaglandin analogue (PGA) therapy has not been fully determined. The study aim was to investigate whether discontinuation of PGA therapy following uneventful cataract surgery affected the incidence of postoperative CMO.MethodsA prospective randomised controlled trial of 62 eyes of 62 participants with ocular hypertension (OH) or primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) treated with PGAs prior to cataract surgery. Participants were randomised to continue with PGA therapy after cataract surgery (CPGA) (n=31) or to discontinue PGA therapy (n=31). The primary outcome measure was the development of CMO at 1-month postoperatively, determined by a masked observer assessment of optical coherence tomography scans. The secondary outcome measure was change from baseline intraocular pressure (IOP).ResultsThe incidence of CMO was identical in both groups at 12.9% (4 of 31 eyes) at the 1-month postoperative visit (OR 1.000; 95% CI 0.227 to 4.415). At 1-month postoperatively, the IOP was significantly lower in the CPGA group compared with baseline IOP.ConclusionContinuation of PGA therapy following uneventful cataract surgery in eyes with normal macular morphology did not increase the incidence of CMO. Continuation of PGA therapy significantly reduced IOP at 1-month postoperatively suggesting that, when indicated, it might be beneficial to continue PGA therapy in patients with POAG or OH after uneventful cataract surgery in the absence of other risk factors for developing CMO.
Physiological demands of singing for lung health compared with treadmill walking
Authors: Philip Keir EJ , Lewis Adam , Buttery Sara C , McCabe Colm , Manivannan Bishman , Fancourt Daisy , Orton Christopher M , Polkey Michael I , Hopkinson Nicholas S 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionParticipating in singing is considered to have a range of social and psychological benefits. However, the physiological demands of singing and its intensity as a physical activity are not well understood.MethodsWe compared cardiorespiratory parameters while completing components of Singing for Lung Health sessions, with treadmill walking at differing speeds (2, 4 and 6 km/hour).ResultsEight healthy adults were included, none of whom reported regular participation in formal singing activities. Singing induced acute physiological responses that were consistent with moderate intensity activity (metabolic equivalents: median 4.12, IQR 2.72–4.78), with oxygen consumption, heart rate and volume per breath above those seen walking at 4 km/hour. Minute ventilation was higher during singing (median 22.42 L/min, IQR 16.83–30.54) than at rest (11 L/min, 9–13), lower than 6 km/hour walking (30.35 L/min, 26.94–41.11), but not statistically different from 2 km/hour (18.77 L/min, 16.89–21.35) or 4 km/hour (23.27 L/min, 20.09–26.37) walking.ConclusionsOur findings suggest the acute metabolic demands of singing are comparable with walking at a moderately brisk pace, hence, physical effects may contribute to the health and well-being benefits attributed to singing participation. However, if physical training benefits result remains uncertain. Further research including different singing styles, singers and physical performance impacts when used as a training modality is encouraged.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT04121351).
ASN004, A 5T4-targeting scFv-Fc Antibody–Drug Conjugate with High Drug-to-Antibody Ratio, Induces Complete and Durable Tumor Regressions in Preclinical Models
Authors: Smith Roger A. , Zammit David J. , Damle Nitin K. , Usansky Helen , Reddy Sanjeeva P. , Lin Jun-Hsiang , Mistry Mahesh , Rao Niranjan S. , Denis Louis J. , Gupta Sandeep 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The 5T4 oncofetal antigen (trophoblast glycoprotein) is expressed in a wide range of malignant tumors but shows very limited expression in normal adult tissues. ASN004 is a 5T4-targeted antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) that incorporates a novel single-chain Fv-Fc antibody and Dolaflexin drug-linker technology, with an Auristatin F hydroxypropylamide payload drug-to-antibody ratio of approximately 10–12. The pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetic properties of ASN004 and its components were investigated in vitro and in vivo. ASN004 showed high affinity for the 5T4 antigen and was selectively bound to and internalized into 5T4-expressing tumor cells, and potent cytotoxicity was demonstrated for a diverse panel of solid tumor cell lines. ASN004 induced complete and durable tumor regression in multiple tumor xenograft models, derived from human lung, breast, cervical, and gastric tumor cell lines having a wide range of 5T4 expression levels. A single dose of ASN004, as low as 1 mg/kg i.v., achieved complete tumor regression leading to tumor-free survivors in the A431 cervical cancer model. In head-to-head studies, superior activity of ASN004 was demonstrated against trastuzumab-DM1, in a low-5T4/high-HER2 expressing gastric tumor model, and 10-fold greater potency was found for ASN004 against the 5T4-targeted ADC PF-06263507 in a lung tumor model. In marmoset monkeys, ASN004 was well tolerated at doses up to 1.5 mg/kg Q3W i.v., and showed dose-dependent exposure, linear pharmacokinetics, and markedly low exposure of free payload drug. Taken together, these findings identify ASN004 as a promising new ADC therapeutic for clinical evaluation in a broad range of solid tumor types.
New Insights Into Platelet-enriched miRNAs: Production, Functions, Roles in Tumors, and Potential Targets for Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Miao Shuo , Zhang Qingsong , Chang Wenguang , Wang Jianxun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In view of the increasing number of malignant tumors worldwide and their high mortality, efforts are being made to find effective biomarkers for early detection and effective treatment measures of cancer. In recent years, the roles of platelets in tumors have attracted considerable attention. Although platelets do not have nuclei, they are rich in miRNAs, which are important molecules in platelet regulation of tumors. Platelet miRNA expression in tumor patients is abnormal and tumor-specific. Platelet miRNAs have higher accuracy and specificity than conventional tumor detection markers and circulating miRNAs in tumor diagnosis. Platelets enriched miRNAs are involved in the regulation of tumor proliferation, metastasis, tumor-related immunity, tumor-related thrombosis, and antitumor therapy. To understand the role of platelet miRNAs in tumors, this article reviews the biological functions of miRNAs in platelets and summarizes the regulatory roles of platelet miRNAs in tumors and the potential roles of platelet miRNAs in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
The Implementation of the Action for Peacekeeping in Context
Authors: Montejo Blanca , Stefanovic Bojan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the launching of the Action for Peacekeeping and its culmination with the Declaration of Shared Commitments in 2018, Secretary-General Antonio Guterres aimed to mobilize all partners and stakeholders to support United Nations peacekeeping, marking its seventieth anniversary and revitalizing a long process of reform which had started with previous Secretaries-General, and in its last phase by Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon. The purpose of this article is to look at the implementation of Commitment 5 of the Declaration of Shared Commitments to realize the objective of sequenced, prioritized and achievable mandates. To do so, this article looks at the process of endorsement and progressive implementation of the Declaration of Shared Commitments by the Security Council, starting with the examination of the conclusions of the High Level Independent Panel on Peacekeeping Operations (hippo report), the subsequent Secretary-General’s report under Secretary-General Ban’s tenure and the passing of the baton to Secretary-General Guterres who continued the process through the launching of the Action for Peacekeeping. The article looks at the definitions available to guide the implementation of sequenced and prioritized mandates and describes and assesses the mandate renewal process in the context of three specific field missions concentrating some of the most recent efforts of the Security Council to apply the principles of the Declaration of Shared Commitments.
Advancing Peace through Human Rights in UN Peace Operations
Authors: Giuliani Céline 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The integration of human rights in United Nations peace operations has witnessed remarkable progress during the past fifteen years. This article analyzes the evolution of human rights integration in the peace and security architecture in relation to peace operations, focusing on the achievements and shortcomings of Headquarters-led policies and reforms of the last decade, as well as the impact of recent Security Council dynamics. The article reviews the significant realizations on both the substantive and structural fronts and argues that ownership of the human rights agenda and policies, as well as accountability and leadership for their implementation, warrants a greater commitment of the organization. Such commitment should translate into institutionalizing Headquarters’ cooperation mechanisms, creating further space for human rights in decision-making, allocating adequate resources, and strengthening accountability for risk-mitigation policies, inter alia. A stronger political will is equally required to better articulate human rights issues in relation to conflict analysis, prevention and peacebuilding, in support of political objectives of peace operations.
A Dove Grey Renaissance
Authors: Bennett Sarah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Launched in 1999, at a time of radical change for the publishing industry, Persephone Books has become a successful independent publisher of neglected female authors mainly from the 20th-century inter-war period. Publishing being an industry primarily shaped by the differential distribution of symbolic and economic capital (Bourdieu, ‘The Market for Symbolic Goods’, in The Rules of Art, Polity Press, 1996, p. 9), competing principles of cultural legitimacy within an increasingly commercial climate clarify the position of modern publishing at the intersection of culture and commerce (Bourdieu, The Field of Cultural Production, Columbia University Press, 1993, p. 27). This article explores how Persephone Books’ understated assertion of publishing’s ‘middle ground’ and commitment to the historically reviled ‘middlebrow’ genre have reconciled the perennial tension between culture and commerce to create a thriving yet unintentional publishing brand.
Adult Onset Bilateral Cochlear Nerve Atrophy and Cochlear Implantation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Leonhard Lucas , Brewer Kathryn , Roche Joseph 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To describe a case of idiopathic bilateral cochlear nerve atrophy acquired in adulthood. Patient: A 75-year-old male with acquired bilateral cochlear nerve atrophy. Intervention(s): Unilateral cochlear implantation. Main Outcome and Results: Description of a patient with acquired bilateral cochlear nerve atrophy diagnosed at the age of 75. The patient had normal hearing and no communication deficits until the age of 66. At this point, the patient demonstrated a slight asymmetric hearing loss, which progressed to severe sensorineural hearing loss. Due to the resulting communication deficit, cochlear device implantation candidacy was pursued. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed severe atrophy versus absence of the cochlear nerves bilaterally. After careful counseling regarding the expected communication outcomes given the MRI findings, the patient underwent left-sided cochlear implantation. The patient gained sound awareness, but no additional communication benefit compared to pre-operative baseline abilities. Conclusion: Cochlear nerve deficiency is a known finding in certain cases of congenital and acquired hearing loss, but no cases of idiopathic adult-onset bilateral nerve atrophy have been reported. Without MR imaging, the clinically significant finding would not have been identified. Thus, MRI is advantageous when compared with other imaging modalities in patients with progressive sensorineural hearing loss and enables improved patient counseling regarding expected auditory and communication outcomes.
Ultrasound-guided cyanoacrylate injection for the treatment of incompetent perforator veins
Authors: Mordhorst Alexa , Yang Gary K , Chen Jerry C , Lee Shung , Gagnon Joel 
Published: May 2021

Objective The use of cyanoacrylate products (CA) in incompetent perforator vein (IPV) treatment has not been thoroughly examined. The primary objective of this study is to describe the technique of ultra sound guided direct injection of IPV with CA, and secondarily to determine early closure rates and safety of this technique. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing IPV injection at two centres between 2015-2018 was conducted. Demographics, CEAP classification and IPV location were collected. Outcomes were assessed at two follow-up appointments. Results A total of 83 perforator vein injections were completed. CEAP classifications include C2 – C6 classes. Location of perforators were posteromedial (6%), femoral canal (9%), paratibial (14%), and posterior-tibial (71%). IPV closure rates were 96.3% at initial follow-up (16 ± 2 days). Closure rates decreased to 86.5% at second follow-up (72 ± 9 days). There were no deep vein thromboses during follow-up. One patient developed septic thrombophlebitis that was successfully managed with antibiotics. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided CA glue injection is a simple and low risk procedure that effectively closes incompetent perforator veins.
LIPIODOL reduces the lytic activity of detergent sclerosants in vitro
Authors: Gracé Joseph , Connor David , Bester Lourens , Rogan Christopher , Parsi Kurosh 
Published: May 2021

Objectives Contrast agents are used widely in the interventional setting and in particularly in the management of vascular anomalies and have also been used in combination with sclero-embolic agents. There is limited information on the interaction of contrast agents with sclerosant agents when used as mixtures. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mixing radiological contrast agents with detergent sclerosants and measuring the effect on change in lytic activity of detergent sclerosants in vitro and by proxy the change in potency. Methods Red blood cell lysis was assessed following the incubation of two commonly used contrast agents, LIPIODOL® and ULTRAVIST®, mixed with detergent sclerosants, FIBROVEIN®, sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS), and AETHOXYSKLEROL®, polidocanol (POL). Results The density of both contrast agents was higher than STS and POL and neither of the detergent sclerosants were miscible in LIPIODOL. LIPIODOL on its own caused cell lysis (1.01%, p < 0.05) whereas ULTRAVIST did not. Fifty per cent cell lysis for sclerosant and LIPIODOL mix occurred at concentrations of: 0.041% (2.4 times greater than the control, p < 0.05) and 0.08% (3.6 times greater than the control, p = 0.06) for STS and POL, respectively. Conclusions LIPIODOL, when mixed with sclerosant detergents (ratio 1:1) causes a reduction in the lytic activity of sclerosants and this effect was statistically significant and most prominent in lower sclerosant concentration mixtures.
Guiding vacuum-assisted biopsy in prone position: digital breast tomosynthesis vs stereotactic
Authors: Scaperrotta Gianfranco P. , Boffelli Giulia , Depretto Catherine , Di Leo Giovanni , Liguori Alessandro , Monaco Cristian Giuseppe , Borelli Anna , Ferranti Claudio 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To compare the performance of prone digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT)–vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) with prone stereotactic-guided VAB (sVAB), focusing on time of procedure, number of expositions, average glandular dose, and complications. Methods: The institutional review board approved this retrospective study and informed consent was waived. From July 2015 to January 2017, 306 patients with 306 suspicious mammographic findings (BI-RADS ⩾4) underwent mammography-guided biopsy, prone sVAB, or prone DBT-VAB. Student t test, chi-square, and multivariate regression statistics were used. Results: During the study period, 155 prone sVAB procedures in 155 patients (mean age, 56 years; age range, 39–84 years) and 151 DBT-VABs in 151 patients (mean age, 57 years; age range, 33–84 years) were performed. Mean procedure time was shorter with DBT-VAB versus sVAB (14.5 versus 17.4 minutes, respectively; p < 0.001), and fewer images were acquired with DBT-VAB versus sVAB (8 vs 11, respectively; p < 0.001); the average glandular dose was significantly lower in DBT-VAB versus sVAB (11.8 mGy versus 18 mGy, respectively; p < 0.001). There were no differences in the distribution of histologic results ( p = 0.74) or breast density ( p = 0.09) between the two groups. No major complications were observed in either group. Conclusion: Performance of prone DBT-VAB was superior to prone sVAB because it allowed a faster procedure with fewer radiologic expositions and lower radiation dose.
The Efficacy of Physical Activity for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Seiffer Britta , Hautzinger Martin , Ulrich Rolf , Wolf Sebastian 
Published: May 2021

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the efficacy of regular, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: RCTs including children and adolescents with clinically diagnosed ADHD, implementing regular MVPA, and assessing ADHD core-symptoms on a valid rating scale post-intervention (primary outcome) were included. Outcomes were pooled through random-effects meta-analysis. Prospero registration: CRD42019142166. Results: MVPA had a small effect on total ADHD core symptoms ( n = 11; g = −0.33; 95% CI [−0.63; −0.02]; p = .037). Conclusions: MVPA could serve as an alternative treatment for ADHD. New RCTs are necessary to increase the understanding of the effect regarding frequency, intensity, type of MVPA interventions, and differential effects on age groups.
Successful prenatal therapy for anti-CD36-mediated severe FNAIT by deglycosylated antibodies in a novel murine model
Authors: Xu Xiuzhang , Chen Dawei , Ye Xin , Xia Wenjie , Xu Yaori , Chen Yangkai , Shao Yuan , Deng Jing , Ding Haoqiang , Liu Jing , Wang Jiali , Ni Heyu , Fu Yongshui , Santoso Sentot 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecent studies have shown that maternal anti-CD36 antibodies represent a frequent cause of fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) in Asian and African populations. However, little is known about the pathomechanism and antenatal treatment of anti-CD36–mediated FNAIT. Here, we established a novel animal model to examine the clinical features of pups from immunized Cd36−/− female mice after breeding with wild-type male mice. Mild thrombocytopenia was observed, but high pup mortality was also documented (40.26%). Administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (1 g/kg) on days 7, 12, and 17 to immunized Cd36−/− mothers after breeding reduced fetal death (12.70%). However, delaying the IVIG administration series on days 10, 15, and 20 did not reduce fetal death (40.00%). In contrast, injection of deglycosylated anti-CD36 (deg-anti-CD36) polyclonal antibodies (5 mg/kg) on days 10, 15, and 20 significantly reduced fetal death (5.26%). Subsequently, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against mouse CD36 were developed, and one clone producing high-affinity anti-CD36 (termed 32-106) effectively inhibited maternal antibody binding and was therefore selected. Using the same approach of deg-anti-CD36, the administration of deg-32-106 significantly reduced fetal death (2.17%). Furthermore, immunized Cd36−/− mothers exhibited placental deficiency. Accordingly, maternal anti-CD36 antibodies inhibited angiogenesis of placenta endothelial cells, which could be restored by deg-32-106. In summary, maternal anti-CD36 antibodies caused a high frequency of fetal death in our animal model, associated with placental dysfunction. This deleterious effect could be diminished by the antenatal administration of IVIG and deg-mAb 32-106. Interestingly, treatment with deg-32-106 seems more beneficial considering the lower dose, later start of treatment, and therapy success.