bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food quality score and anthropometric status among 6‐year‐old children: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Askari Mohammadreza , Daneshzad Elnaz , Bellissimo Nick , Suitor Katherine , Dorosty‐motlagh Ahmad Reza , Azadbakht Leila 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveWeight status and growth during childhood are indicative of healthy development throughout the lifespan. It is well understood that dietary patterns and overall quality of diet can prevent disease, improve health status and optimise growth and development. The current study investigates the relationship between overall diet quality and measures of childhood development including body mass index and height‐for‐age in 6‐year‐old children.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted across 788 6‐year‐old children from Tehran, Iran, in 2018. Food quality score (FQS) was used to assess overall diet quality, in addition to a modified food‐based diet quality score specific to children (modified FQS) developed by our group.ResultsParticipants in the highest tertile using the modified FQS had the highest height‐for‐age z‐score (HAZ) (−0.509 ± 0.028 vs −0.605 ± 0.028; P = .048). In contrast, participants in the highest tertile assessed using the original FQS had a higher BMI for age z‐score (BAZ) compared to participants in the first tertile (0.391 ± 0.072 vs 0.266 ± 0.072; P = .023). Children within the highest tertile, according to the original FQS, compared to those within the lowest tertile were 49% less likely to be categorised as severely underweight (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.47‐0.98).ConclusionsFindings presented in this study demonstrate that FQS was significantly associated with participants characterised as severely underweight; however, FQS was not associated with other anthropometric parameters. Therefore, future well‐designed cohort studies are required to address limitations of the current study.
Regional and facility disparities in androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer from a multi‐institutional Japan‐wide database
Authors: Shiota Masaki , Sumikawa Ryota , Onozawa Mizuki , Hinotsu Shiro , Kitagawa Yasuhide , Sakamoto Shinichi , Kawai Taketo , Eto Masatoshi , Kume Haruki , Akaza Hideyuki ,   the Japan Study Group of Prostate Cancer (J‐CaP)
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesTo examine the differences in prognosis of prostate cancer patients receiving primary androgen deprivation therapy by region and facility type using a Japan‐wide database.MethodsData on patients treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy between 2001 and 2003 from a nationwide community‐based database established by the Japan Study Group of Prostate Cancer were obtained. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic variables, including progression, cancer‐specific survival and overall survival, were compared according to region and facility type where the patients were treated.ResultsAmong 19 162 patients, 7102 (37.1%) and 12 060 (62.9%) men were in urban and rural areas, respectively, and 3556 (18.6%), 13 623 (71.1%) and 1983 (10.3%) patients were enrolled from academic centers, non‐academic hospitals and urological clinics, respectively. The risks of progression, cancer‐specific mortality and all‐cause mortality were comparable between urban and rural areas in propensity‐score matched analysis. Risks of progression, cancer‐specific mortality and all‐cause mortality in urological clinics were higher than those in academic centers in propensity‐score matched analysis.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Japan facility type, but not geographical regions, might affect the prognosis of prostate cancer patients receiving primary androgen deprivation therapy.
Parenting as a Communication Process: Integrating Interpersonal Communication Theory and Parenting Styles Conceptualization
Authors: Estlein Roi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe goal of this article is to theoretically extend the perspective on the conceptualization of parenting styles (Baumrind, 1971; Maccoby & Martin, 1983) to, first, employ a reciprocal perspective on parent–child relationship dynamics and, second, explore potential antecedents of parenting styles. After presenting the parenting styles typology and the associations between parenting styles and child outcomes, I use constructivism and relational framing theory to illustrate how interpersonal communication theoretical perspectives can contribute to the parenting styles literature. Finally, I call for further integration of interpersonal communication theories and parenting styles.
Assessment of enthesopathy in patients with acne vulgaris: A case‐controlled trial
Authors: Abdellatif Azmy A. , Hasan Mohamed S. , Fahmy Ahmed M. , Mahmoud Osama E. , Elsaie Mohamed L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimThis case‐controlled study aimed at evaluating whether enthesitis is possibly associated with acne vulgaris.MethodsThis study was carried out on 90 patients with acne vulgaris and 30 normal individuals who were subjected to full history talking, acne scoring system, general, dermatological, musculoskeletal examination, and musculoskeletal ultrasonography with Doppler flow.ResultsA significant relation (P < 0.05) was discovered between left femoral condyle tenderness, which increased left femoral condyle hypoechogenicity on ultrasound. Moreover, a highly significant relation (P < 0.001) was established between tenderness on clinical examination and hypoechogenicity on ultrasound at three sites (right humerus epicondyle, right femoral condyle, and left humerus epicondyle). An association between tenderness and ultrasound increased thickness was significantly reported in the left femoral condyle (P < 0.05). Hypoechogenicity on ultrasound examination was more statistically evident with increased acne severity at the left Achilles tendon (LA), while enthesis calcifications (enthesophytes) were significantly associated with increased acne severity in the left humerus epicondyle (LA) and the right Achilles tendon (RA) (P < 0.05).ConclusionThere is a solid possibility acne is a systemic disease triggering other co‐morbidities beyond skin which needs to be fully elucidated by further research evidence.
Influence of family history, body mass index, selected dietary factors, personal habits, and menstrual history on oily skin in young women
Authors: Yang Zhusheng , Yang Xiumin , Chen Xue , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundSebum secretion is affected by many internal and external factors.ObjectiveTo identify risk factors in terms of family history, body mass index, selected dietary factors, personal habits, and menstrual history that may be associated with oily skin in young women.Participants and MethodsWe conducted a case‐control study of young women aged 18–35 who came to Beijing Tongren Hospital for attending a health checkup. Cases were subjects with subjective skin type as oily skin. Control subjects were people with normal or dry skin. A standardized questionnaire on subjective skin type, family history of oily skin in first‐degree relatives, menstrual history, personal habits, and selected dietary factors was administered to 540 subjects. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for risk factors associated with oily skin.ResultsA family history in first‐degree relatives and a body mass index of more than 24 kg/m2 were risk factors that increases likelihood of oily skin in young women (odds ratio 3.281, 95% confidence interval 2.204–4.882; odds ratio 1.677, 95% confidence interval 1.081–2.600, respectively). For those who consumed more than three servings of milk or sweets per week, the risk increased with the diet (odds ratio 1.634, 95% confidence interval 1.126–2.370; odds ratio 1.970, 95% confidence interval 1.034–3.754, respectively). There was no correlation between smoking, drinking alcohol, or menstrual variables and the risk of oily skin.ConclusionsFamily history, overweight and obesity, and a diet rich in milk or sweets are risk factors that increase likelihood of oily skin in young women. These findings may provide an opportunity to better guide skin care for patients.
Health status and health service use of urban Aboriginal children attending an Aboriginal community child health service in Sydney
Authors: Harding Georgia , Hu Nan , Larter Natasha , Montgomery Alicia , Stephensen Jennifer , Callaghan Lola , Zwi Karen , Lingam Raghu , Woolfenden Sue 
Published: February 2021

AimThere is limited information on the health status of urban Australian Aboriginal children and young people attending community‐based child health services. Such information is vital to plan appropriate services. The objective of the study is to describe the health status and service use of children and young people presenting to an urban Aboriginal Community Paediatric Service in Sydney, Australia.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis of routinely collected data extracted from electronic medical records and the Australian Immunisation Register for urban Aboriginal children and young people aged 0–18 years who visited the service between January 2013 and December 2017.ResultsA total of 273 Aboriginal children and young people had 609 occasions of service. Almost all (97.35%) were fully immunised. Forty‐six percent of occasions of service noted >3 diagnoses; 55% of the consultations were for mental health and behavioural disorders. The most frequent diagnoses were speech and language delay, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and school difficulty. Psychosocial concerns were noted in 61.2% of occasions of service, and 19.4% of children had a history of prematurity. Eighty‐five percent of consultations had an onward referral to additional services. The most common referrals were for audiology, ear‐nose and throat specialists and speech therapy. There were low numbers of referrals to mental health services relative to the high number of mental health diagnoses.ConclusionIt is essential that we address the mental, developmental and psychosocial needs of Aboriginal children and young people who attend urban Community Child Health services. Integrated service models should be developed in partnership with Aboriginal community to do this.
OsTPP1 regulates seed germination through the crosstalk with abscisic acid in rice
Authors: Wang Guanqun , Li Xiaozheng , Ye Nenghui , Huang Mingkun , Feng Lei , Li Haoxuan , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: February 2021

Summary

Seed germination is essential for direct seeding in rice. It has been demonstrated that trehalose‐6‐phosphate phosphatase 1 (OsTPP1) plays roles in improving yield and stress tolerance in rice.

In this study, the roles of OsTPP1 on seed germination in rice were investigated. The tpp1 mutant germinated slower than the wild‐type (WT), which can be restored by exogenous trehalose. tpp1 seeds showed higher ABA content compared with WT seeds. The tpp1 mutant was hypersensitive to ABA and ABA catabolism inhibitor (Dinicozanole). Furthermore, two ABA catabolism genes were downregulated in the tpp1 mutant which were responsible for increased ABA concentrations, and exogenous trehalose increased transcripts of ABA catabolism genes, suggesting that OsTPP1 and ABA catabolism genes acted in the same signaling pathway.

Further analysis showed that a transcription factor of OsGAMYB was an activator of OsTPP1, and expression of OsGAMYB was decreased by both the exogenous and endogenous ABA, subsequently reducing the expression of OsTPP1, which suggested a new signaling pathway required for seed germination in rice. In addition, ABA‐responsive genes, especially OsABI5, were invoved in OsTPP1‐mediated seed germination.

Overall, our study provided new pathways in seed germination that OsTPP1 controlled seed germination through crosstalk with the ABA catabolism pathway.
Study to evaluate the optimal dose of remifentanil required to ensure apnea during magnetic resonance imaging of the heart under general anesthesia
Authors: Arnold Philip , Sanaulla Syed , Hampson Lisa V. , Davis Annette , Tan Jacinth , Cowen Ruth , Kaleem Musa , Williams Alexandra , Wadsworth Ian , Jaki Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance (MRI) scanning of the heart is an established part of the investigation of cardiovascular conditions in children. In young children, sedation is likely to be needed, and multiple controlled periods of apnea are often required to allow image acquisition. Suppression of spontaneous ventilation is possible with remifentanil; however, the dose required is uncertain.AimsTo establish the dose of remifentanil, by infusion, required to suppress ventilation sufficiently to allow a 30‐s apnea during MRI imaging of the heart.MethodPatients aged 1–6 years were exposed to different doses of remifentanil, and the success in achieving a 30‐s apnea was recorded. A dose recommendation was made for each patient, informed by responses of previous patients using an adaptive Bayesian dose‐escalation design. Other aspects of anesthesia were standardized. A final estimate of the dose needed to achieve a successful outcome in 80% of patients (ED80) was made using logistic regression.Results38 patients were recruited, and apnea achieved in 31 patients. The estimate of the ED80 was 0.184 µg/kg/min (95% CI 0.178–0.190). Post hoc analysis revealed that higher doses were required in younger patients.ConclusionThe ED80 for this indication was 0.184 µg/kg/min (95% CI 0.178–0.190). This is different from optimal dosing identified for other indications and dosing of remifentanil should be specific to the clinical context in which it is used.
Impacts of trauma‐ and violence‐informed care education: A mixed method follow‐up evaluation with health & social service professionals
Authors: Wathen C. Nadine , MacGregor Jennifer C. D. , Beyrem Sandy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesTrauma‐ and violence‐informed care (TVIC) creates safety by understanding the impacts of trauma on health and behavior, and the intersecting impacts of structural and interpersonal violence. This study examined the impact, 1–2 years later, of TVIC professional education.Design, Sample and MeasurementsWe conducted a mixed method descriptive follow‐up evaluation (online survey, n = 67, and semi‐structured interviews, n = 7) with health and social service providers, leaders and researchers who attended TVIC workshops. Participants were asked how the workshop impacted their thinking, actions and perceptions of organizational changes.ResultsParticipants reported greater impact on attitudes than on behaviors. The most common change in awareness and thinking related to better understanding of the links among trauma, pain and substance use. Practice changes included more active listening and empathy, less use of jargon and less judgement in care encounters. Participants linked these practices to better care interactions, and more trust, openness and satisfaction among service users.ConclusionEducating health professionals and others (e.g. educators) about trauma, violence, and discrimination is not easy. TVIC education can help shift potentially stigmatizing attitudes which can then precipitate practice change. These approaches are emerging as an important way to improve health and quality of life.
An opportunity for the tracked
Authors: Conway Basil 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe following mixed methods research describes the impact of nineteen students who were given the opportunity to take honors mathematics courses during high school after previously being tracked into grade level courses in middle school. Quantitative results showed significant increases in students’ standardized state test scores when moved to the upper high school mathematical track. Quantitative results also indicate that the inclusion of these students did not affect those previously tracked. Qualitative results provide support for school personnel in understanding the effects of teacher expectations on student outcomes. Results inform and support researchers and policy makers to reconsider beliefs about tracking.
Effectiveness of educational interventions for health care staff to prevent and manage aggressive behaviors in patients admitted to an acute hospital: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Kynoch Kathryn , Ramis Mary-Anne , Liu Xian-Liang , Wang Mian , Mo Bei-Rong 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to determine the most effective strategies for educating health care staff to manage or prevent aggressive patient behaviors within an acute care setting.

Introduction:
Health care workers in acute settings are frequently at risk of being injured by aggressive patients. Staff are often ill-prepared to de-escalate such behaviors and, therefore, are at greater exposure to verbal or physical injury. This protocol outlines methods for a systematic review on the effectiveness of educational strategies to manage and/or prevent aggressive patient behaviors in hospitals.

Inclusion criteria:
Quantitative studies that report on programs used to educate or train hospital staff in managing or preventing an episode of aggressive behavior by an adult patient while in an acute health care facility will be included. Individual, program, and organizational outcomes, such as confidence, behavior, knowledge, or attitudes, as well as recorded rates of injury, sick leave, stress, anxiety, or detection/prevention of aggression before and/or after the intervention will be analyzed. Psychiatric patients or settings are excluded from this review.

Methods:
Two reviewers will independently select and appraise eligible studies and extract data following methods outlined by JBI for systematic reviews of effectiveness. Multiple databases will be searched for studies in English and Chinese from 2008 to the present. The JBI System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information (JBI SUMARI) will be used to manage studies and, where possible, meta-analysis will be undertaken. Results will be presented in a Summary of Findings following the GRADE approach.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020190538
Stability of Rectangular Plates Elastically Supported at the Edges
Authors: Miles Aaron J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The author points out that the exact solutions of stability problems of elastically supported rectangular plates involve the solution of a fourth-order partial-differential equation in conjunction with certain boundary conditions, and that the resulting expressions from which the critical loads must be obtained are clumsy transcendental equations. These equations contain as parameters the ratio of the stiffness of the beam to the stiffness of the plate and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the beam to the cross-sectional area of the plate, as well as the number of half waves into which the plate buckles. The number of half waves must be an integer and of such value as to make the critical load a minimum. A set of curves, provided in this paper for the solution of these transcendental equations, gives the critical load and also the number of half waves into which the plate buckles.
Analysis of Plate Examples by Difference Methods and the Superposition Principle
Authors: Holl D. L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper the author applies the membrane analogs of H. Marcus to some elementary cases of thin homogeneous isotropic square plates having central-point loads and various boundary conditions. The analogy is made possible by two theorems: (a) The deflection of a membrane loaded with loads proportional to those on a given plate may be considered as the sum of the principal moments of the actual plate. (b) A second membrane may be loaded with elastic weights proportional to these moment sums and, subject to appropriate boundary conditions, the deflections of the latter membrane will be proportional to the deflections of the actual plate under the given loading system.
The principle of superposition of deflection surfaces or equivalent stress systems is utilized in this paper both by difference and differential methods. The problems treated are (1) a square plate with pinned or simply supported edges, (2) two opposite edges pinned and the other two free, (3) two opposite edges pinned and the other two clamped, (4) all four edges clamped, (5) all four edges free with only corner post supports. The correct critical stress at the center of the lower surface of the plate was obtained from special thick-plate theory for a particular thickness-to-span ratio. The effect of this critical stress on the whole plate action is depicted for various boundary conditions.
Forced Vibration in Nonlinear Systems With Various Combinations of Linear Springs
Authors: Den Hartog J. P. , Heiles R. M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with a single mass system containing a combination of linear springs having a force-displacement characteristic as shown in Fig. 1b. By varying the ratio k1/k2 of the spring constants, various modifications occur, e.g., for k1/k2 = 0 there is only one set of springs, and the system has a clearance x0 on each side of the equilibrium position; for k1/k2 = ∞ there is again a single set of springs which is now given an initial set-up force F.
The steady-state motion of these systems under the influence of a harmonic external force is wanted. Detailed exact solutions have been published for the cases k1/k2 = ∞ and k1/k2 = 0. In this paper these two special cases have been brought down to a simpler form, and two additional cases (k1/k2 = 2 and k1/k2 = 0.5) have been calculated. All these results, together with those of the classical linear case k1/k2 = 1 are shown in Figs. 5 to 9, inclusive, plotted in two different dimensionless forms.
An Electrical-Resistance Method of Determining the Mean Surface Temperature of Tubes
Authors: Marchant John H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The author describes a new method for determining the mean surface temperature of condenser tubes through which a steady radial flow of heat occurs. The method consists in using the tube itself as a resistance thermometer. The author explains that when a steady longitudinal flow of electricity is superimposed upon the given radial flow of heat, the actual current being so small as not to involve appreciable Joulean heat, the temperature gradients associated with the flow of heat affect the electrical resistance of the tube material, and expressions for the mean temperature of the inner and outer tube surfaces can be derived from applications of physical laws. These expressions are derived by the author.
The Torsionless Bending of a Hollow Beam by a Transverse Load
Authors: Schwalbe W. L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The author discusses the bending of hollow beams when subjected to transverse loads, and points out that shearing stresses and strains in the cross sections are necessary, and a particular longitudinal section remains plane only if the resultant of the shearing stress, and hence the plane of the applied bending moment, possesses a particular location. The author determines the location of this resultant shearing stress by applying a method based on St. Venant’s theory. Applications of the method are made to two hollow sections. One of the sections is that of an equilateral triangle which serves as a measure of accuracy for the numerical work presented by the author, since the location of the resultant of the shearing stresses is known by symmetry.
Buckling of Compressed Rectangular Plates With Built-In Edges
Authors: Maulbetsch J. L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The author presents the results of a study made of two approximate methods available for determining the buckling load of compressed rectangular plates with built-in edges. One method gives values larger than the true buckling load, while the other method gives values smaller than this load, thus permitting an estimate of the approximation of the solution.