bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response Surface Methodology Driven Systematic Development of a Stability- indicating RP-UPLC Method for the Quantification of Aliskiren: A Renin Inhibitor
Authors: Jena Bikash Ranjan , Rao G. S. N. Koteswara , Alavala Rajasekhar Reddy , Desu Prasanna Kumar , Chakravarthi G. , Swain Suryakanta , Pradhan Debi Prasad , Niharika P. 
Published: December 2021

Aims: The current study envisages experimental design enabled rapid, sensitive, and stability-indicating RP-UPLC method to quantify Aliskiren in its pharmaceutical formulations.
Study Design: Box-Benkhen experimental Design using Response surface methodology.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Analytical Research and Development, Brawn laboratories ltd., Gurugram, India, and Department of Pharmacy KL College Pharmacy, KL Deemed to be University, Vaddesearam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, between May 2021 and September 2021.
Methodology: The chromatographic partitioning was achieved on a Waters Acuity H class UPLC system, with BEH 130οA, C18 column (100 x 2.1 mm,1.7 μm) having isocratic elution containing (50:50 %v/v) of 0.2% Glacial acetic acid (GAA) : acetonitrile, at constant flow rate using PDA detection. The optimum conditions were delineated, selecting three influential factors (CMPs), i.e., mobile phase composition, flow rate, and injection volume. Systematic optimization was accomplished by 32 Box-Benkhen design using response surface methodology (RSM).
Results: The selected variables are evaluated for obtained responses (CAAs), i.e., peak area, retention time (Rt), USP Plate count. The final optimized method employed, organic phase composition 0.2 % GAA (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile 50:50 (% v/v) with 0.3 mL min-1 flow rate. The injection volume was maintained as 2μL with 2 minutes run time and λmax 280 nm.
Conclusion: The method was linear for 5-300 ppm, with regression co-efficient (R2) 0.9995. As per ICH guidelines, forced degradation studies were carried out to analyse the stability profile of drug. The short Rt 1.214, minute implies superior robustness, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness for routine analysis. The results exhibited that RSM approach of QbD will be competently used to optimize the RP-UPLC method with fewer experimental trials and error-free investigation.
Evaluation of Comparative Efficacy of Jyotishmati (Celastrus paniculatus Wild) and Yastimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn) in Enhancing IQ and Memory of Different Prakriti School Going Children-A Study Protocol of Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Japang Ibamedabha , Rathi Renu , Rathi Bharat , Verma Jitesh , Pandey V. B. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Education plays a major role in life, whereas lack of intelligence, learning, and memory will lead to failure in school performance and school dropout. Medhya drugs are used frequently to enhance the memory and IQ in children. Jyotishmati and Yashtimadhu are medhya (IQ-enhancing & memory-booster) drugs, described in numerous classical texts of Ayurveda. However, comparative efficacy and randomized trials on various prakriti types have not been studied. Thus, to assess the comparative efficacy of Jyotishmati in enhancing IQ and memory in relation to Yastimadhu as standard control, this research has been planned.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Jyotishmati on IQ and memory, and compare the efficacy with that of Yastimadhu in children with different prakriti types.
Methodology: It will be conducted on healthy school-age children of 8-13 years, recruited from CBSE schools near Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College, Hospital and Research Centre, Salod, Wardha. The study will be a randomized, standard-controlled, double-blind, parallel group clinical study. All participants will be randomly divided into two groups, each of 30 individuals; each group is subdivided into three subgroups of 10 individuals each. One group will be given Jyotishmati while the other will be given Yastimadhu, both in granule form. IQ assessment will be done by using the Draw a Man test and the PGI memory scale for memory assessment.
Expected Results: This study will validate the efficacy of Jyotishmati and Yastimadhuin enhancing IQ and memory, and it will give detailed information about their efficacy in different Prakriti dominantchildren.
Conclusion: This study will provide unique information to increase awareness of the administration of Medhya drugs according to Prakriti, as well as knowledge about which drug is best for improving either IQ or memory, or both.
Anti-Parkinsonian Activity of Ganoderma Lucidum in Experimentally Induced Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Aslam Sana , Aslam Muhammad , Kauser Hania , Naqvi Sara 
Published: December 2021

Background: Parkinson's illness has been proclaimed as the second most neurodegenerative problem on the planet. Ganoderma lucidum is considered as a genuine restorative mushroom.
Aim: Our study was directed to assess the antiparkinsonian action of Ganoderma lucidum in rotenone-incited Parkinson’s disease in male Wistar rodents.
Methods: The impacts of Ganoderma lucidum were concentrated on catalepsy, muscle rigidity.
Results: Ganoderma lucidum fundamentally decreased the expanded length of catalepsy. Rotenone essentially initiated the disturbance of motor neurons as demonstrated by muscle rigidity of muscles and decreased locomotion. Ganoderma lucidum alleviated the disturbance of motor neurons by rotarod execution and locomotor action of the creatures. The exercises of cell reinforcement proteins catalase and superoxide dismutase, and the level of tripeptide glutathione were essentially diminished by rotenone. Besides, rotenone extended the level of lipid peroxidation thing malondialdehyde. Notwithstanding, Ganoderma lucidum supplementation to rotenone-infused rats essentially extended the degrees of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, and diminished the level of malondialdehyde
Conclusion: Our study firmly supports the notion that Ganoderma lucidum has neuroprotective and antiparkinsonian action.
Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Novel Pyrazoline Fused Indole Derivatives
Authors: Vaddiraju Nagesh , Ajitha M. , Rajnarayana K. 
Published: December 2021

The primary purpose of this research work is to synthesize, characterize and biological evaluation of novel pyrazoline fused indole derivatives lead to creating a new molecular frame work.
Methodology: In the present study, the new series of novel pyrazoline fused indole derivatives were synthesized from from indole and substituted acetophenone by the 4 step process. In the first step indole and dimethyl formamide were coupled by using phosphorous oxychloride and NaOH to prepare the compound 1 Indole-3-aldehyde. In the second step compound 1 was condensed with substituted aetophenone to synthesis the compound 2 chalcones (a-h). In the third step chalcones 2(a-h) were coupled with semicarbazide or thiosemicarbazide to synthesis the compound 3(a-p). In the final step compound 3(a-p) were coupled with indole-3-aldehyde to prepare the final product of R-substitutedN-((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide and R-substitutedN-((1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide 4(a-p).
Results: The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by means of IR, Mass and NMR spectroscopy. The compounds were screened for anti-diabetic activity by In-vitro and In-vivo methods. In In-vivo method 4a, 4m have exhibited moderate anti-diabetic activity as that of standard drug, glibenclamide. In In-vitro method 4a, 4e & 4m have shows moderate anti-diabetic activity as that of reference standard, acarbose.
Conclusion: The synthesized novel pyrazoline fused indole derivatives have moderate antidiabetic activity as that of standard drug by In-vitro and In-vivo methods. These compounds can be further exploited to get the potent lead compound.
Correlation of Anthropometry of Hand with Wrist Extensor Strength in Normal Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Shaikh Sana Afreen , Qureshi Mohammed Irshad , Kovela Rakesh Krishna 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Measurement of hand grip strength is the basic criteria for the evaluation of hand structure and function. The human hand serves various dynamic purposes in day to day activities of an individual. Infact, the entire upper limb is functional because of the hand. This study was carried out to find out if there is any relation between the anthropometric measurements of the hand and the wrist extensor strength of Indian adults.
Methodology: A data was collected of 75 individuals with no pathological abnormalities from Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha. The consent of all the individuals was taken and they were informed about the procedure. The individuals were evaluated for wrist extensor strength by using a hand-held dynamometer. Also, the hand measurements such as hand length and width using a measuring tape.
Results: The average wrist extensor strength of the right hand of the individuals was found to be more than that of the left hand. The length of both the hands was almost equal while the width of the left hand was greater than the right hand.
Conclusion: There is a slight positive Correlation between the average wrist extensor strength and the length and width of the hand which can play a vital role in the rehabilitation process.
Relationship between Anaemia during Pregnancy and Postpartum Haemorrhage: A Case from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abousada Hoda Jehad , Al-Khify Hanyah Abdulhadi , Murad Manal Abdulaziz , Alshareef Hala Hashem , Banaja Layan Hammam , Aljehani Feras Fahad , Alsoliman Rahaf Mohammed , Bardi Amani Fouad , Albishi Roaa Ibrahim , Alsharif Ola Hassan , Alsaeedi Nashwa Nasser , Alsaiari Jamilah sulaiman , Alshehri Mohammed Hassan , Asiri Mohammed Ahmed , Sulimani Sanaa Hussein 
Published: December 2021

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among postpartum women. The main reason for the condition is dietary Iron deficiency and the most common type of anemia found in women during pregnancy is iron deficiency anemia. Among many complications, postpartum hemorrhage is a problem linked with anemia during pregnancy. In Saudi Arabia, pregnancy and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is not common but still, cases are reported. The present study aimed to determine its prevalence in population and to see its relationship with anemia during pregnancy.
Methods: It was an analytical cross-sectional study in which the data was collected from women using properly designed questionnaires. The study population was women who got pregnant and delivered in main hospitals of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data of respondents for demographical and clinical variables were collected and analyzed using SPSS using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: 600 participants responded to the questionnaire. The mean age was 26.32 years. The prevalence of PPH among studied population was 11.9%. Anemia during pregnancy was found to be positively associated with PPH with the p value of 0.0039. Smoking history was also correlated with PPH. There was no strong association between age and increase risk of PPH.
Conclusion: This study concluded that PPH is not common in Saudi Arabia. There is a moderate association of anemia during pregnancy and PPH. Smoking is also a positive predictor for PPH. There are some limitations in the study so there is a need of large-scale study to confirm the findings in the population.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Assessment of Thiazole Derivatives as Possible Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Isha . , Sachan Neetu 
Published: December 2021

Aims: To synthesize thiazole derivatives and evaluate their therapeutic potential to continue our quest for new antibacterial and antioxidant drugs.
Place and Duration of Study: Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, between January 2021 and July 2021.
Methodology: The target compounds in this investigation were synthesized in the search for new molecules having antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Physicochemical and spectroanalytical studies validated the derivatives molecular structures. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the synthesized molecules were evaluated in vitro using the DPPH and tube dilution methods, respectively.
Results: The majority of the synthesized derivatives displayed antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The efficacy of the derivatives varied based upon the substituent. Compound 7c exhibited significant antioxidant and antibacterial activity, according to the results of the study.
Conclusion: Our results showed the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of novel thiazole compounds, implying the probability of their utilization in the development of new therapeutics.
A Toolbox of Reference Electrodes for Lithium Batteries
Authors: Xiao Ye , Xu Rui , Yan Chong , Huang Jia‐Qi , Zhang Qiang , Ouyang Minggao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractElectrochemical energy storage systems play an increasingly important role in our daily lives. The detection/estimation of the state of electrochemical cells is therefore a prerequisite for the development of safe, high‐performance batteries. Reference electrodes (REs) are an effective tool for monitoring the status of batteries and are of critical significance in this field. However, the practical construction of a durable RE for long‐term research and industrial applications is still challenging. In this article, the fundamental principles of a three‐electrode system featuring the presence of REs are elucidated. The design parameters of REs in lithium batteries, including active materials, manufacturing, geometry, and placement, are comprehensively summarized, and the typical applications of REs in practical lithium‐ion batteries to facilitate working/failure mechanism analysis and methods to monitor Li plating are analyzed. Finally, the challenges and future trends of the exploitation and deployment of REs in lithium batteries are presented.
Ferroelectric Photovoltaic Materials and Devices
Authors: Han Xiao , Ji Yun , Yang Ya 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFerroelectric materials have been a focus of much research over the last few decades for their unique piezoelectric and optoelectronic properties. Conventional solar cells have been devised based on the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor p–n junctions, with their photogenerated voltage being influenced by the bandgap of the semiconductors, limiting their further development. Ferroelectric photovoltaics have attracted attention for their unusual photovoltaic effect and controllability. The photogenerated voltage that is independent of bandgap along the polarization direction can be generated in ferroelectric materials, undoubtedly making up for the lack of solar cells. Ferroelectric materials have been used in a wide range of piezoelectric, storage, sensor, and optoelectronic because of their unique optical and electrical properties. However, the small photogenerated current of ferroelectric photovoltaic devices is one of the challenges that need to be overcome. Researchers have shown that the photogenerated current of ferroelectric photovoltaic devices can be significantly improved by cation doping and heterostructure construction, reigniting the enthusiasm for the investigation of ferroelectric photovoltaics. This paper reviews a variety of ferroelectric photovoltaic materials, the mechanism of ferroelectric photovoltaics, approaches for improving ferroelectric photovoltaic performance, and the applications and future prospects for ferroelectric materials.
Engineered Cell‐Derived Vesicles Displaying Targeting Peptide and Functionalized with Nanocarriers for Therapeutic microRNA Delivery to Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer in Mice
Authors: Bose Rajendran JC , Kumar Uday Sukumar , Garcia‐Marques Fernando , Zeng Yitian , Habte Frezghi , McCarthy Jason R , Pitteri Sharon , Massoud Tarik F , Paulmurugan Ramasamy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) can be used to deliver therapeutic microRNAs (miRNAs) to solid cancers. However, the ability of these nanocarriers to specifically target tumors remains a challenge. Alternatively, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from tumor cells show homotypic affinity to parent cells, but loading sufficient amounts of miRNAs into EVs is difficult. Here, it is investigated whether uPAR‐targeted delivery of nanococktails containing PNCs loaded with therapeutic antimiRNAs, and coated with uPA engineered extracellular vesicles (uPA‐eEVs) can elicit synergistic antitumor responses. The uPA‐eEVs coating on PNCs increases natural tumor targeting affinities, thereby enhancing the antitumor activity of antimiRNA nanococktails. The systemic administration of uPA‐eEV‐PNCs nanococktail shows a robust tumor tropism, which significantly enhances the combinational antitumor effects of antimiRNA‐21 and antimiRNA‐10b, and leads to significant tumor regression and extension of progression free survival for syngeneic 4T1 tumor‐bearing mice. In addition, the uPA‐eEV‐PNCs‐antimiRNAs nanococktail plus low dose doxorubicin results in a synergistic antitumor effect as evidenced by inhibition of tumor growth, reduction of lung metastases, and extension of survival of 4T1 tumor‐bearing mice. The targeted combinational nanococktail strategy could be readily translated to the clinical setting by using autologous cancer cells that have flexibility for ex vivo expansion and genetic engineering.
Glycomaterials to Investigate the Functional Role of Aberrant Glycosylation in Glioblastoma
Authors: Tondepu Chaitanya , Karumbaiah Lohitash 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a stage IV astrocytoma that carries a dismal survival rate of ≈10 months postdiagnosis and treatment. The highly invasive capacity of GBM and its ability to escape therapeutic challenges are key factors contributing to the poor overall survival rate. While current treatments aim to target the cancer cell itself, they fail to consider the significant role that the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) plays in promoting tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. The GBM tumor glycocalyx and glycan‐rich extracellular matrix (ECM), which are important constituents of the TME have received little attention as therapeutic targets. A wide array of aberrantly modified glycans in the GBM TME mediate tumor growth, invasion, therapeutic resistance, and immunosuppression. Here, an overview of the landscape of aberrant glycan modifications in GBM is provided, and the design and utility of 3D glycomaterials are discussed as a tool to evaluate glycan‐mediated GBM progression and therapeutic efficacy. The development of alternative strategies to target glycans in the TME can potentially unveil broader mechanisms of restricting tumor growth and enhancing the efficacy of tumor‐targeting therapeutics.
Interfacial Design for a 4.6 V High‐Voltage Single‐Crystalline LiCoO2 Cathode
Authors: Zhang Jiaxun , Wang Peng‐Fei , Bai Panxing , Wan Hongli , Liu Sufu , Hou Singyuk , Pu Xiangjun , Xia Jiale , Zhang Weiran , Wang Zeyi , Nan Bo , Zhang Xiyue , Xu Jijian , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSingle‐crystalline cathode materials have attracted intensive interest in offering greater capacity retention than their polycrystalline counterparts by reducing material surfaces and phase boundaries. However, the single‐crystalline LiCoO2 suffers severe structural instability and capacity fading when charged to high voltages (4.6 V) due to Co element dissolution and O loss, crack formation, and subsequent electrolyte penetration. Herein, by forming a robust cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) in an all‐fluorinated electrolyte, reversible planar gliding along the (003) plane in a single‐crystalline LiCoO2 cathode is protected due to the prevention of element dissolution and electrolyte penetration. The robust CEI effectively controls the performance fading issue of the single‐crystalline cathode at a high operating voltage of 4.6 V, providing new insights for improved electrolyte design of high‐energy‐density battery cathode materials.
Label‐Free Cell Migration Assay Using Magnetic Exclusion
Authors: Gupta Tamaghna , Gupta Rohit , Dabaghi Mohammadhossein , Sahu Rakesh P. , Hirota Jeremy A. , Puri Ishwar K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn vitro wound healing assays are widely used to investigate cell migration during various physiologic and pathologic processes. However, traditional scratch‐based assays produce cell‐free areas that are not reproducible, whereas the alternate insert‐based exclusion method is expensive and time‐consuming. Here, a rapid, label‐free, insert‐free magnetic exclusion technique, where magnetic fields are used to create cell‐free areas is described. Suspensions of diamagnetic cells in a paramagnetic culture medium are seeded into microwells placed on an array of the coaxially arranged ring and cylinder magnets. In the presence of an inhomogeneous field, the magnetic susceptibility difference drives the cells toward an annular region of the lowest field strength. Annular cell aggregates of reproducible dimensions are produced on tissue culture‐treated and collagen I‐fibronectin coated surfaces within 3 h. The effects of the paramagnetic agent on cell viability, metabolism, and gene expression are investigated. A mathematical model reveals the dynamics of the cell‐free area closure. The magnetic exclusion technique is inexpensive, easy to use, and amenable to automation. Potential applications include cancer research, high throughput drug discovery, and screening.
Novel Schiff Base‐conjugated para‐Aminobenzenesulfonamide Indole Hybrids as Potentially Muti‐targeting Blockers against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Hu Yuanyuan , Zhang Ling , Huang Jinxu , Wang Tiansheng , Zhang Jichuan , Yu Congwei , Pan Guangxing , Zhang Ling , Zhu Zhenye , Zhang Jiaheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has developed strong resistance to a variety of clinical antibiotics, which makes the design and synthesis of novel structural molecules with outstanding antibacterial potential put on the agenda. The results of bioactivity assessment displayed that sulfonamide indole compound 4 h, which was modified with a butene group, had remarkable antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC=5 μM), and was superior to the reference drugs norfloxacin (MIC=13 μM) and sulfathiazole (MIC=501 μM). The propensity of evaluation of hybrid 4 h to induce drug resistance was lower than that of the reference drugs. In addition, the cytotoxicity assay revealed that compound 4 h had no obvious cytotoxicity to normal mammalian cells (RAW 264.7). Molecular docking analysis further demonstrated that the highly active molecule 4 h could interact with the active sites of DNA hexamer duplex and human carbonic anhydrase isozyme II through hydrogen bonds. Moreover, preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that hybrid 4 h prospectively acted as an blocker by disrupting the bacterial membrane of S. aureus and inserting itself into S. aureus DNA to prevent strains from replicating.