bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preservice Teachers’ Content Knowledge and Learning Obstacles in Shape and Space
Authors: Akayuure Peter 
Published: October 2021

The notion of shape and space is the building block for geometry reasoning. Accordingly, it is expected that those trained to teach would possess substantial content knowledge for teaching planar and spatial notions. This study investigated the level of content knowledge and sources of learning obstacles encountered by preservice teachers prior to their first practice teaching of shape and space. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design involving 757 second-year preservice teachers from 12 colleges of education in Ghana. Data were collected through written responses to basic shape and space tasks. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively while qualitative data were analyzed thematically into matrix index. Participants’ content knowledge were categorized into declarative, conditional and procedural knowledge types. The result shows that participants were largely operating at moderate levels of declarative, procedural and conditional content knowledge. However, participants demonstrated higher procedural knowledge than declarative and conditional knowledge. Tasks on prisms and pyramids were more difficult for preservice teachers than those on angles, triangles and quadrilaterals. The learning obstacles encountered were mostly didactical followed by epistemological with few being ontogenetic. The study recommends that tutors should employ investigative didactic strategies to promote the three content knowledge types identified and to address the epistemological and ontogenetic obstacles in preservice teachers’ learning of shape and space.
Traffic Impact Assessment for New Industrial installation at Dhamrai Area along the Dhaka-Aricha Highway, Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Sree Pradip Kumer , Rahman Mohammad Majibur 
Published: October 2021

Industrialization can benefit individuals, communities or states as it opens new opportunities for economic, social and human development. The stream of globalization is impelling Bangladesh to adopt the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Bangladesh has pursued export-oriented industrialization, with its key export sectors include textiles, shipbuilding, fish and seafood, jute and leather goods etc. Communication system plays a very important role in accelerating the place of industrialization of a country. Along with the industrialization, communication system of Bangladesh has also been greatly improved. Various major projects have already been implemented and many more new projects have been under taken. Even then various unplanned developments are creating traffic congestion on our highways which become a big problem for us. Factories are being setup on both side along the highways in an unplanned manner to accelerate the pace of industrialization. As a result, roadways cause a slew of issues, including reduced capacity, increased travel time delays, queue length, increased fuel consumption, and roadway accidents, all of which result in unrecorded economic losses. So, it is vital to investigate and measure the traffic impact of industrial installations along highways in order to achieve long-term sustainability. Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) is a technical examination of traffic problems and safety concerns associated with a particular development. In this study, we have assessed the traffic impact due to setting up a new industry along the Dhaka-Aricha Highway(N-5). It is mainly focused on the impact of the new generated traffic will have on the Dhaka -Aricha highway’s traffic system after the installation of an industry. Furthermore, the findings may be used to take the anticipatory role in the future for becoming a beneficiary to set up a sustainable industry along the highways.
Dietary Supplementation of Lactobacillus brevis Normalizes Metabolic Parameters in Mouse with Obesity and Hyperglycemia
Authors: Ghosh Amlan Jyoti , Islam Rejuan , Saha Tilak 
Published: October 2021

Aims: Exploration of the ameliorative effects of Lactobacillus brevis on glycemic and obesity parameters in high fat diet (HFD) fed hyperglycemic Swiss albino mice.
Study Design: HFD with 58% fat, 25.6% carbohydrate, and 16.4% protein was fed to mice to develop metabolic syndrome. The experimental group of obese mice was fed with oral supplement of L. brevis for 28 days and the metabolic parameters of the mice are compared with control groups. The experiments were performed in triplicate.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was executed in the Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal situated in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India in 2020-21.
Methodology: ‘ND’, fed with normal pellet-based diet; ‘HFD’, fed with HFD diet and 10% sucrose water and ‘HFD + LB’, fed with diet same as ’HFD’ group along with 1× 108 CFU of L. brevis (for each animal/day) from 22nd day onwards. At the end of experiment (on 50th day) the body weights, Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and serum Lipid Profile were measured.
Results: the HFD group showed significantly high FBG levels (203.66 ± 8.73 mg/dL) when compared with the ND group (130± 2 mg/dL) but the FBG levels in HFD + LB group (163.66 ± 4.72 mg/dL) were not as significantly higher as the HFD group. OGTT test revealed L. brevis helped to resist the persistent hyperglycemic effects. It was seen that the levels of lipids like Triglycerides and Total cholesterol in HFD + LB group were in normal range and similar like that of the ND groups (172.22 ± 3.854 mg/dL and 134.89 ± 4.705 mg/dL).
Conclusion: These findings indicate strong association for probiotic use of L. brevis as a potent preventative measure to combat the detrimental metabolic changes.
Coupling Multi‐Space Topologies in 2D Ferromagnetic Lattice
Authors: He Zhonglin , Du Wenhui , Dou Kaiying , Dai Ying , Huang Baibiao , Ma Yandong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTopology can manifest topological magnetism (e.g., skyrmion and bimeron) in real space and quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) state in momentum space, which has changed the modern conceptions of matter phase. While the topologies in different spaces are widely studied separately, their coexistence and coupling in a single phase are seldom explored. Here, a novel phenomenon is reported that arises from the interaction of topological magnetism and band topology, the multi‐space topology, in 2D ferromagnetic lattice. Based on continuum theory and tight‐binding model, it is revealed that the interconnection between skyrmion/bimeron and QAH state generates distinctive localized chiral bound states (CBSs). With moderating topological magnetism through a magnetic field, the multi‐space topologies accompanied with different CBSs can be reversed, facilitating the coupling of multi‐space topologies. By performing first‐principles and atomic spin model simulations, such multi‐space topologies and their coupling in monolayer Cr2NSb are further demonstrated. These results represent an important step toward the development of multi‐space topological phenomena in 2D lattice.
Ultrahigh Piezoelectricity in Truss‐Based Ferroelectric Ceramics Metamaterials
Authors: Shi Jiahao , Ju Kang , Chen Haoyu , Orsat Valérie , Sasmito Agus P. , Ahmadi Ali , Akbarzadeh Abdolhamid 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConventional porous ferroelectric materials sacrifice their piezoelectric constants for improving various figures of merit due to a rapidly decreased dielectric constant. Here, novel truss‐based ferroelectric metamaterials that simultaneously offer ultrahigh piezoelectric constants and ultralow dielectric constants, originating from the unique combination of truss loading states and polarization direction, are discovered. The homogenization method alongside an analytical model is proposed to predict and elucidate their extraordinary properties, while a customized ferroceramic additive manufacturing platform is resorted to fabricate them. Unlike porous ferroelectrics, ultrahigh piezoelectric constants at low relative densities (ρr ≈0.1) are attained. For example, with appropriate scaling, the experimental values of d31, d33, and d42 for a ferroelectric octet truss with ρr = 0.1, can reach 849, −659, and 836 pC N−1, respectively, which are 3.14, 6, and 2 times higher than the counterpart of bulk BaTiO3 ceramics. Combined with the ultralow dielectric constant, extremely high ferroelectric figures of merit, e.g., piezoelectric voltage constant of 11.098 Vm N−1, piezoelectric energy harvesting figure of merit 9422 × 10−12 m2 N−1, and pyroelectric voltage sensitivity of 56.7 × 10−3 m2 C−1, are also observed. The multifunctional ferroelectric metamaterials open new avenues for their applications in self‐powered ultrasensitive accelerometers, high‐performance noncontact sensors, and wearable input devices.
Sodiophilic Zn‐Diamane Ion Rectification Layer Modulated Polypropylene Separators Enable Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Shen Nan , Dai Shuge , Zhou Gaojie , Miao Jingzhong , Hu Zhanwei , Zhi Gang , Li Xueliang , Wang Hui , Kong Dezhi , Xu Tingting , Zhang Zhuangfei , Li Xinjian , Yang Hui Ying , Wang Ye 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSodium (Na) metal is regarded as an ideal anode for sodium metal batteries (SMBs) due to its high theoretical specific capacity and low electrochemical potential. However, its utilization is still restricted by the notorious dendrites and unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI). Herein, a zinc nanoparticle decorated 2D diamond (diamane) modulated commercial polypropylene (Zn‐diamane/PP) separator is dedicated to mitigating these issues for the longevity of sodium metal anodes. Interestingly, the sodiophilic Zn‐diamane/PP separator significantly accelerates the sodium ion mobilization and promotes a uniform flux, thus effectively preventing dendrite growth and enhancing the stability of the SEI layer. A Na||Na symmetric cell with Zn‐diamane/PP separator demonstrates a prolonged lifespan exceeding 5000 h at 1 mA cm−2 with 1 mAh cm−2. Notably, it sustains stability for >1000 h at an ultra‐high current density at 25 mA cm−2 with 1 mAh cm−2. The dendrite‐free deposition morphology and the formation of an inorganic‐rich inner SEI layer have been investigated through comprehensive characterizations and theoretical calculations analysis. Furthermore, a full cell comprising a Na3V2(PO4)3@C cathode, Zn‐diamane/PP separator, and Na metal anode demonstrate a high reversible capacity of 90 mAh g−1 over 500 cycles. These results demonstrate the potential of Zn‐diamane/PP separator for long‐cycle lifespan SMBs.
Ligand Engineering Enables Bifacial PbS All‐QD Homojunction Photodiodes
Authors: Hu Long , Wan Tao , Guan Xinwei , Li Zhi , Mei Tingting , Dong Beining , Gao Liang , Chen Chao , Li Xiaoning , Lin Chun‐Ho , Li Mengyao , Chen Fandi , Su Dawei , Han Zhaojun , Xu Haolan , Huang Shujuan , Peng Shuhua , Wu Tom , Chu Dewei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInfrared PbS quantum dot (QD) photodiodes play a vital role in various applications, including photovoltaics, light‐emitting diodes, lasers, and photodetectors. Despite their superior potential, high‐performance all‐QD homojunction photodiodes with bifacial structures have yet to be reported. Here, post‐treatment ligand engineering is successfully employed to precisely tune the doping dipoles of PbS QDs, transitioning them from n‐type, through intrinsic, to p‐type. All‐QD homojunction photodiodes solar cells with a n‐i‐p architecture are constructed by integrating three types of PbS QD layers of 1.37 eV bandgaps with controllable doping dipoles, which delivers a power conversion efficiency of 10.0%, among the highest values reported in PbS all‐QD homojunction solar cells so far. Owing to symmetry all‐QD architecture, bifacial PbS all‐QDs photodiodes, using 1.37 eV bandgap PbS QDs as both n‐type and p‐type charge transport layers and 0.90 eV bandgap PbS QDs as intrinsic light absorber layers, achieved an almost ideal bifactor approaching 93% and decent detectivities of 1.63 × 1011 Jones from ITO illumination and 1.86 × 1011 Jones from silver nanowire (Ag NW) illumination at 1370 nm. Therefore, this work provides a facile approach for the design of bifacial all‐QD homojunction photodiodes, broadening their potential applications in advanced QD optoelectronic systems.
Rapidly Forming Recombinant Miniature Spidroins Hydrogels Composed of Nanofibrils with Tunable Mechanical Properties for Bio 3D Printing and Biomimetic Cellular Scaffolds
Authors: Wang Cong , Zhang Qi , Wu Hanbai , Zhang Shuai , Zhou Xiong , Li Min , Chen Yuhan , Liu Wei , Du Min , Fan Jun , Chen Furong , Hu Jinlian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecombinant spidroins offer numerous possibilities for creating new biomaterials. However, their polymorphic and prone to aggregation characteristics present challenges in both their production and practical application. Here, mutant recombinant spidroins are reported forming hydrogels rapidly and controllably at 37 °C and with visible light irradiation. In the mutant spidroins phenylalanine residues (F) are systematically substituted by tyrosine residues (Y) in repeat motifs of (GGX), which contributes to the self‐assembly of β‐sheet and further formation of amyloid‐like nanofibrils. As expected, micellar/globular spidroins solution converts to spidroins hydrogel composed of nanofibrils network and subsequently further crosslinked by di‐tyrosine. The conformation transformation process is verified by spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and molecular dynamics simulation. Furthermore, the spidroin hydrogels are used as bioink and biomimetic cellular scaffolds according to their good biocompatibility, shear thinning properties, and nanofibril network structure. The findings reveal the structural transformation mechanism of spidroins and expand their applications in biomedical engineering.
Nanocarrier‐Mediated RNA Delivery Platform as a Frontier Strategy for Hepatic Disease Treatment: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Fan Jinhui , Xiao Zhicheng , Dong Yafen , Ye Fei , Qiu Yan , Zhang Chuan , Yin Xiaolan , Li Yi , Wang Tingfang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHepatic diseases cause serious public health problems worldwide, and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic agents. In recent years, significant progress is made in RNA therapy, and RNA molecules, such as mRNAs, siRNAs, miRNAs, and RNA aptamers, are shown to provide significant advantages in the treatment of hepatic diseases. However, the drawbacks of RNAs, such as their poor biological stability, easy degradation by nucleases in vivo, low bioavailability, and low concentrations in target tissues, significantly limit the clinical application of RNA‐based drugs. Therefore, exploring and developing effective nanoscale delivery platforms for RNA therapeutics are of immense value. This review focuses on the different types of hepatic diseases and RNA therapeutics, summarizing various nanoscale delivery platforms and their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, the current status and future prospects of nanoscale delivery systems for RNA therapy are discussed.
Emerging Functional Porous Scaffolds for Liver Tissue Engineering
Authors: Wang Jinglin , Huang Danqing , Chen Dayu , Ren Haozhen , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLiver tissue engineering holds promising in synthesizing or regenerating livers, while the design of functional scaffold remains a challenge. Owing to the intricate simulation of extracellular matrix structure and performance, porous scaffolds have demonstrated advantages in creating liver microstructures and sustaining liver functions. Currently, various methods and processes have been employed to fabricate porous scaffolds, manipulating the properties and morphologies of materials to confer them with unique supportive functions. Additionally, scaffolds must also facilitate tissue growth and deliver cells, possessing therapeutic or regenerative effects. In this review, it is initially outline typical procedures for fabricating porous scaffolds and showcase various morphologies of microstructures. Subsequently, it is delved into the forms of cell loading in porous scaffolds, including scaffold‐based, scaffold‐free, and synergetic or bioassembly approaches. Lastly, the utilization of porous scaffolds in liver diseases, offering significant insights and future implications for liver regeneration research in tissue engineering is explored.
State‐of‐the‐Art Synthesis of Porous Polymer Materials and Their Several Fantastic Biomedical Applications: a Review
Authors: Ahmed Yohannis Wondwosen , Loukanov Alexandre , Tsai Hsieh‐Chih 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPorous polymers, including hydrogels, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and hyper crosslinked polymers (HCPs), have become essential in biomedical research for their tunable pore architectures, large surface areas, and functional versatility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of their classification and updated synthesis mechanisms, such as 3D printing, electrospinning, and molecular imprinting. Their pivotal roles in drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and photodynamic/photothermal therapies, focusing on how pore size, distribution, and architecture impact drug release, cellular interactions, and therapeutic outcomes, are explored. Key challenges, including biocompatibility, mechanical strength, controlled degradation, and scalability, are critically assessed alongside emerging strategies to enhance clinical potential. Finally, recent challenges and future perspectives, emphasizing the broader biomedical applications of porous polymers, are addressed. This work provides valuable insights for advancing next‐generation biomedical innovations through these materials.
Nanozymes and Their Potential Roles in the Origin of Life
Authors: Ma Long , Liang Zimo , Hou Yinyin , Zhang Ruofei , Fan Kelong , Yan Xiyun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe origin of life has long been a central scientific challenge, with various hypotheses proposed. The chemical evolution, which supposes that inorganic molecules can transform into organic molecules and subsequent primitive cells, laid the foundation for modern theories. Inorganic minerals are believed to play crucial catalytic roles in the process. However, the harsh reaction conditions of inorganic minerals hinder the accumulation of organic molecules, preventing the efficient transition from inorganic molecules to biomacromolecules. Given the inherent physicochemical properties and enzyme‐like activities, this study proposes that nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme‐like activities, act as efficient prebiotic catalysts in the origin of life. This hypothesis is based on the following: First, unlike traditional minerals, nanominerals can catalyze organic synthesis under milder conditions. Second, nanominerals can not only protect biomolecules from radiation damage but also catalyze polymerization reactions to form functional biomacromolecules and further lipid vesicles. More importantly, nanominerals are abundant in terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments. This perspective will systematically discuss the potential roles of nanozymes in the emergence of life based on the functions of minerals and the characteristics of nanozymes. We hope the research on nanozymes and the origin of life will bridge the gap between inorganic precursors and biomolecules under primitive environments.
Removal of Natural Organic Matter Fractions by Kaolin/Fly Ash Ceramic Microfiltration Membrane in Drinking Water: Insights from a Laboratory Scale Application
Authors: Ndzimandze Samkeliso S. , Moyo Welldone , Mahlangu Oranso T. , Muleja Adolph A. , Nkambule Thabo T. I. , Kuvarega Alex T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe high cost of precursor materials has hindered commercialization of ceramic membranes (CM). In this work, a microfiltration ceramic disc (≈50 mm in diameter and 4 mm thick) is prepared from low‐cost materials, kaolin, and fly ash (≈67 and 26 wt.%, respectively) by pressing at 200 bar and calcining at 900 °C. Membrane characterization involved physicochemical properties, NOM removal efficiency, and fouling propensity analysis. Furthermore, the efficiency of the CM is tested on samples collected from four drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in KwaZulu‐Natal Province of South Africa. The NOM removal efficiencies ranged from 18.5–33.4% higher than that achieved by the sand filtration step of all the DWTPs. Fluorescence excitation‐emission matrix (FEEM) studies show dominance of terrestrial humic‐like and fulvic‐like NOM fractions in the raw water and are amenable to removal by CM at all the DWTPs (up to 64.7% higher than removal by sand filters at the respective plants). This study demonstrates the utility of ceramic membranes fabricated from rudimentary materials and presents an opportunity to upscale and retrofit the technology to target the removal of NOM fractions at conventional drinking water treatment plants.
Cs2AgBiBr6 Double Perovskite Single Crystal/ CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals Heterojunction for High‐Performance X‐Ray Detection
Authors: Ghosh Joydip , Tailor Naveen Kumar , Ghosh Koushik , Jayarathne Jayana , Choudhary Shivani , Crean Carol , Giri P. K. , Satapathi Soumitra , Sellin Paul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, the investigation of a Cs2AgBiBr6 single crystal (SC) / CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) film double perovskite/perovskite type‐II novel heterojunction tailored for superior X‐ray detection applications is presented. One of the main benefits of utilizing such a heterojunction is its built‐in electric potential, which improves charge transport and reduces the dark current in the devices. By casting CsPbBr3 NCs onto polished Cs2AgBiBr6 SC, the Cs2AgBiBr6/CsPbBr3 double perovskite/ perovskite heterojunction is fabricated. The heterojunction X‐ray detector exhibits reduced dark current and increased photocurrent compared to the pristine SC device. This enhancement of photocurrent can be attributed to efficient carrier generation and separation facilitated by appropriate band bending at the type‐II heterojunction interface. The heterojunction device shows an X‐ray sensitivity of 6 µCGy−1 cm−2 at 0 V of applied bias, owing to the built‐in potential across the heterojunction. Remarkably, at a −50 V bias, the sensitivity of the heterojunction device reached 857.8 µCGy−1 cm−2, with a limit of detection of 312 nGy s−1. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided further insights, revealing electron transfer from CsPbBr3 to Cs2AgBiBr6, thereby enhancing the X‐ray sensitivity of the heterojunction device. These findings underscore the potential of Cs2AgBiBr6/CsPbBr3 heterojunctions for X‐ray detection and optoelectronic applications.