bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide: Comparison of effectiveness in the treatment of obesity – a literature review
Authors: Baran Karolina , Jankowska Marlena , Jańczyk Natalia , Mędrysa Karolina , Pokrzepa Jakub , Presak Michał , Blecharz Gabriela , Szwech Julia , Winkowska Alicja , Machalica Jan 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat. It is widely recognized as a major public health issue due to its strong association with numerous chronic diseases. [1][2]
The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in obesity treatment began with the recognition that these drugs, initially developed for type 2 diabetes, could significantly reduce body weight due to their effects on appetite regulation and satiety. Liraglutide was the first to be approved specifically for obesity, followed by semaglutide, The development of tirzepatide, which targets both GLP-1 and GIP receptors, has further expanded the potential for obesity treatment. As clinical evidence continues to support their efficacy and safety, GLP-1 receptor agonists are becoming an important tool in the management of obesity, offering a promising option for individuals struggling with weight and related health conditions [3][4][5].
Aim of the study
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide in reducing body weight in obesity.
Materials and methods
The article was created based on the PubMed and Cochrane databases. The literature was analyzed using the fallow keywords: Obesity treatment, liraglutide, tirzepatide, semaglutide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists
Results
The research proved that tirzepatide is more effective in reducing body weight compared to semaglutide and liraglutide [6][7].
Conclusion
Thanks to the comparison of results from multiple studies, we can assume that, at this point, tirzepatide is the most effective pharmacological treatment for obesity, which, when used in combination with lifestyle changes, provides a lasting effect on weight reduction and, consequently, helps treat obesity-related comorbidities[6][8].
Evaluation of the Maturity Level of Information Technology Security Systems Using KAMI Index Version 4.2 (Case Study: Islamic Boarding Schools in Yogyakarta Special Region Province)
Authors: Arromdoni Bad’ul Hilmi , Nuruzzaman Muhammad Taufiq , 'Uyun Shofwatul , Sugiantoro Bambang 
Published: December 2024

The development of information technology worldwide has changed very rapidly. There has been a data theft on the information system belonging to one of the most prominent Islamic Boarding Schools in the Yogyakarta area. Thus, special attention is needed to evaluate information technology security using the Information Security Index version 4.2. The research methods include extracting information, literature study, data collection, data validation, data analysis, and recommendations. The evaluation results are at the basic framework fulfilment level with a value of 343; the electronic system category has a low status with a value of 15 and 5 improvements; the governance category, the risk management category, the framework category, the asset management category, and the information security technology category, have a maturity level II status with 12, five, eight, four, and eight recommendations respectively, while the supplement category for third party security areas with a value of 60%, securing cloud infrastructure services 56% and protecting personal data 61% with 14 recommendations.
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Students’ Acceptance Level of E-Commerce Applications in Yogyakarta Using Modified UTAUT 2
Authors: Candra Dori Gusti Alex , Nuruzzaman Muhammad Taufiq , 'Uyun Shofwatul , Sugiantoro Bambang , Pratiwi Millati 
Published: December 2024

Yogyakarta is listed as the region with the highest number of residents engaging in e-commerce transactions. A total of 10.2% of the population are active e-commerce sellers, while 16.7% belong to the buyer category. Research by IDN Times showed that e-commerce application users have been dominated by students, with a percentage of 44.2%. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence students’ level of acceptance of e-commerce applications in Yogyakarta using the modified UTAUT 2. This is quantitative research with multiple linear regression models using SPSS software version 25 with a sample size of 303 people. Data analysis in this study was conducted in a few steps, including descriptive analysis, validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that the student’s level of acceptance of e-commerce applications is within good criteria. The variables that have a positive effect on the behaviour intention (BI) are performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), hedonic motivation (HM), habit (HB), price value (PV), perceived risk (PR), perceived security (PS), and trust (TR) are variables that negatively affect the variable behaviour intention (BI). All independent variables affect the dependent variable or behaviour intention (BI) with a total of 63.3% and the difference with a total of 36.7% is caused by other factors not examined by the researcher.
Analisis Mikroplastik Pada Air Minum Dalam Kemasan Di Kota Padang
Authors: Ikhram Muhammad , Fitrada Wathri , Riyandini Vina Lestari 
Published: December 2024

Air minum adalah air yang melalui proses pengolahan atau tanpa proses pengolahan yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan dan dapat langsung diminum. Saat ini mikroplastik telah mencemari berbagai makanan dan minuman termasuk air minum dalam kemasan. Mikroplastik merupakan partikel plastik yang berukuran kurang dari 5 mm. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada AMDK asal Indonesia ditemukan mikroplastik pada AMDK yang tidak terpapar matahari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung kelimpahan dan menganalisis jenis mikroplastik pada Air Minum Dalam Kemasan di Kota Padang. Selain itu juga dilakukan Uji Kruskal Wallis untuk mengetahui perbedaan konsentrasi mikroplastik terhadap merek Air Minum Dalam Kemasan yang berbeda di Kota Padang. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 30 AMDK 600 ml yang berasal dari 3 merek berbeda. Analisis mikroplastik dilakukan melalui 2 tahapan, yaitu penyaringan dengan bantuan vacuum filter dan pengamatan menggunakan mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel AMDK telah terkontaminasi mikroplastik. Kelimpahan rata – rata mikroplastik yang ditemukan pada sampel AMDK terdapat pada rentang 5–11 partikel/L. Partikel mikroplastik yang ditemukan didominasi oleh partikel fragmen, lalu diikuti oleh fiber dan pellet. Berdasarkan hasil dari Uji Kruskal Wallis yang telah dilakukan didapatkan nilai output Asymp.Sig adalah sebesar 0,002 yang berarti ada perbedaan signifikan antara kelimpahan mikroplastik ketiga merek AMDK. Drinking water is defined as water that meets the necessary health requirements for human consumption. It has been found that microplastics, which are plastic particles smaller than 5mm, have contaminated various foods and beverages, including bottled drinking water. Research conducted on bottled water from Indonesia has shown that microplastics were present in bottled water that had not been exposed to sunlight. This study aimed to determine the abundance and types of microplastics present in bottled drinking water in Padang City. Additionally, we conducted the Kruskal Wallis Test to identify any differences in microplastic concentrations among the different brands of bottled drinking water in Padang City. Our sample consisted of 30 bottles of 600 ml from three distinct brands. Microplastic analysis was conducted in two stages: filtering with a vacuum filter and observation under a microscope. The results indicate that the bottled water samples were contaminated with microplastics, with an average abundance of 5-11 particles/L. Fragment particles were the most dominant type of microplastic found, followed by fibers and pellets, according to the results of the Kruskal-Wallis Test, the Asymp.Sig output value is 0.002, indicating a significant difference in microplastic abundance among the three bottled water brands.
Adaptability of exotic crucifers in Indian agro-environments: A comparative study in Hyderabad and Coimbatore
Authors: Lohitha P , Savitha BK , Rani CI , Vanitha K , Iyanar K , Kumar GA 
Published: December 2024

The Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family comprises many cultivated plants; however, only cabbage and cauliflower are extensively cultivated in India. Numerous crops from this family remain exotic and uncommercialized within the country despite their successful cultivation in other regions. This study evaluates the adaptability of four exotic cole crops; red cabbage, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, and pakchoi grown under polyhouse and open-field conditions in Telangana (Hyderabad) and Tamil Nadu (Coimbatore) to assess their performance across diverse environmental conditions. The results indicated that head initiation occurred earlier in Hyderabad’s open fields, whereas in Coimbatore, all crops except Chinese cabbage were initiated earlier in polyhouses. In Hyderabad, red cabbage reached head maturity sooner under protected conditions, while the other crops matured faster in open fields. In Coimbatore, red cabbage and broccoli matured faster in polyhouses, while the remaining crops were harvested earlier in open fields. In Hyderabad, broccoli and Chinese cabbage demonstrated superior head attributes in polyhouses, whereas the other crops performed better in open fields. In Coimbatore, all crops showed improved head attributes under polyhouse conditions. In terms of yield, in Hyderabad, red cabbage yielded 7.90 kg and Chinese cabbage 5.15 kg, performing better in open fields, while broccoli and Pakchoi yielded more in polyhouses. In Coimbatore, red cabbage yielded 7.75 kg, broccoli 6.20 kg, Chinese cabbage 6.30 kg, and pakchoi 7.25 kg, all favoring polyhouse cultivation. This study highlights the potential to increase the commercial viability of exotic crops and enhance food diversity and sustainability in Indian agriculture.
Temporal changes in thiol‐oxidized plasma albumin are associated with recovery from exercise‐induced muscle damage after a marathon
Authors: James Christopher , Lloyd Erin M. , Arthur Peter G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD) can affect athlete performance and is a risk factor for major muscle injury. The temporal profile of thiol‐oxidized albumin, a marker of oxidative stress, has shown potential in assessing recovery from EIMD in non‐athletically trained participants but not yet in trained participants. Our primary aim was to assess whether there are changes in the level of thiol‐oxidized albumin after a marathon in athletically trained participants. Twenty participants completed a marathon and collected daily dried blood spots from 3 days prior to and 7 days after the marathon to measure thiol‐oxidized albumin using a novel methodology (OxiDx). Participants were also assessed for indirect markers of EIMD prior to and on days 2 and 5 post‐marathon. The level of thiol‐oxidized albumin peaked at 2 days and remained elevated until 5 days after the marathon and correlated with indirect measures of EIMD. Furthermore, time of recovery for thiol‐oxidized albumin varied between participants, some recovered at 3 days post‐marathon whereas others extended beyond 7 days post marathon. Tracking temporal changes in the level of thiol‐oxidized albumin has potential to be useful in managing recovery from EIMD in athletes, particularly considering the ease of the OxiDx methodology.
From Polemical to Dialogical Encounter
Authors: Haworth Marcus Timothy 
Published: December 2024

In 1902, Ghulam Ahmad, the Indo-Pakistani founder of the Ahmadiyah Muslim Community—a revivalist, messianic movement within Sunni Islam—issued “an answer” to John Alexander Dowie’s, the Scottish-born non-denominationalist Christian preacher and forerunner of modern-day Pentecostalism’s, impassioned renunciation of the Islamic faith. In doing so, Ahmad invited Dowie to engage him in a mubahala, or a “prayer duel” to the death, to determine the truthfulness or fallacy of each other’s faith expression. With Dowie’s subsequent passing in 1907, Ahmad’s presumed “great victory” became one of the foundational narratives upon which Ahmadi Muslims constructed the validity of the Ahmadiyah and, consequently, structured their relationship with Christians. In this article, I explore the general contours of this mubahala invitation as well as Ahmadis differing responses to its historical and contemporaneous narrativization. Due to increased contact between Ahmadis and Christians living in the West, I contend that Ahmadi narratives surrounding this event, while historically polemical in nature, ultimately became the cornerstone upon which a positive and constructive Ahmadi Muslim-Christian engagement could be fostered, namely one built on shared collegiality and reciprocal, interfaith understanding garnered through deep, pluralistic encounter.
Who is Hosting Whom? Guest-Host Relations in Eucharist and Prasada
Authors: Moore-Keish Martha 
Published: December 2024

This comparative theological essay explores the dynamic interplay of guesting and hosting in (Reformed Protestant) Christian and (Vaishnavite) Hindu understandings of Eucharist and prasada. In both cases there is a delicious reversal of expectation of who is guest and who is host. Yet the direction of the roles and their reversals are inverted: in Vaishnava Hinduism, devotees welcome Vishnu as guest and make him welcome, even as they are also ultimately guests themselves; in Christianity, the devotees are guests, and they learn from that experience how to be hosts. In both cases, guest-host relations facilitate mutual relationship, even union, between humanity and God. For both, guesting and hosting are important for distinguishing between deity and devotee—and also for crossing that line of distinction.
Ukrainian Databases as a Competitive Alternative to International Databases
Authors: TSIURA M. A. 
Published: December 2024

Objective. To assess the potential of modern Ukrainian open-access databases initiated by national or technical libraries as a viable alternative to international commercial and open databases for retrieving metadata on periodicals and their articles, including Ukrainian scholarly journals. Methods. The study involved the analysis of databases such as Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, OpenAlex, "Scientific Periodicals of Ukraine" (developed by the Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine), "Scientific Periodicals of Ukraine" (developed by the Association of Users of Ukrainian Research and Academic Network), Open Ukrainian Citation Index, Ukrainian Research Information System, and "Ukrainian Scientific Periodicals." A tabular method (three comparative tables were developed), analytical methods (quantitative and qualitative analysis), and statistical methods were applied. Results. It was found that the completeness of metadata representation varies depending on the resource. Commercial databases like Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection offer the most comprehensive metadata, while Ukrainian resources provide unique data relevant to Ukraine, including information on state registration, knowledge categories, and specializations aligned with Ukrainian regulatory documents. Conclusions. Ukrainian databases developed by national or technical libraries are continuously improving and have the potential to serve as an effective alternative to international commercial databases due to their free access, unique data, and extensive coverage of national scholarly periodicals. Although they cannot fully replace databases like Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection, their combined use holds promise. Given the challenges related to the high subscription costs and content quality in commercial databases, Ukrainian resources have the potential for further development within the global movement towards open science.
REDUCING GRAPHS BY LIFTING ROTATIONS OF EDGES TO SPLITTABLE GRAPHS
Authors: Baransky Vitaly , Zuev Valentin , Senchonok Tatiana 
Published: December 2024

A graph \(G\) is splittable if its set of vertices can be represented as the union of a clique and a coclique. We will call a graph \(H\) a splittable ancestor of a graph \(G\) if the graph \(G\) is reducible to the graph \(H\) using some sequential lifting rotations of edges and \(H\) is a splittable graph. A splittable \(r\)-ancestor of \(G\) we will call its splittable ancestor whose Durfey rank is \(r\). Let us set \(s = ({1}/{2}) (\mathrm{sum}\,\mathrm{tl}(\lambda) - \mathrm{sum}\,\mathrm{hd}(\lambda))\), where \(\mathrm{hd}(\lambda)\) and \(\mathrm{tl}(\lambda)\) are the head and the tail of a partition \(\lambda\). The main goal of this work is to prove that any graph \(G\) of Durfey rank \(r\) is reducible by \(s\) successive lifting rotations of edges to a splittable \(r\)-ancestor \(H\) and \(s\) is the smallest non-negative integer with this property. Note that the degree partition \(\mathrm{dpt}(G)\) of the graph \(G\) can be obtained from the degree partition \(\mathrm{dpt}(H)\) of the splittable \(r\)-ancestor \(H\) using a sequence of \(s\) elementary transformations of the first type. The obtained results provide new opportunities for investigating the set of all realizations of a given graphical partition using splittable graphs.
TAUBERIAN THEOREM FOR GENERAL MATRIX SUMMABILITY METHOD
Authors: Jena Bidu Bhusan , Parida Priyadarsini , Paikray Susanta Kumar 
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we prove certain Littlewood–Tauberian theorems for general matrix summability method by imposing the Tauberian conditions such as slow oscillation of usual as well as matrix generated sequence, and the De la Vallée Poussin means of real sequences. Moreover, we demonstrate \((\bar{N},p_{n})\) and \((C,1)\) – summability methods as the generalizations of our proposed general matrix method and establish an equivalence relation connecting them. Finally, we draw several remarks in view of the generalizations of some existing well-known results based on our results.
INTERPOLATION WITH MINIMUM VALUE OF \(L_{2}\)-NORM OF DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR
Authors: Novikov Sergey I. 
Published: December 2024

For the class of bounded in \(l_{2}\)-norm interpolated data, we consider a problem of interpolation on a finite interval \([a,b]\subset\mathbb{R}\) with minimal value of the \(L_{2}\)-norm of a differential operator applied to interpolants. Interpolation is performed at knots of an arbitrary \(N\)-point mesh \(\Delta_{N}:\ a\leq x_{1}<x_{2}<\cdots <x_{N}\leq b\). The extremal function is the interpolating natural \({\cal L}\)-spline for an arbitrary fixed set of interpolated data. For some differential operators with constant real coefficients, it is proved that on the class of bounded in \(l_{2}\)-norm interpolated data, the minimal value of the \(L_{2}\)-norm of the differential operator on the interpolants is represented through the largest eigenvalue of the matrix of a certain quadratic form.
Recasting agent exclusivity in passive nominals
Authors: Garcia-Pardo Alfredo 
Published: December 2024

This paper studies the thematic restrictions on by-phrases in passive nominals, focusing on Spanish. I argue that Spanish passive nominals are not subject to the agent exclusivity effect, as such nominals can have by-phrases introducing experiencers and possessors. The real requirement, I contend, is that the external argument denotes a human entity. I further show that Romanian passive nominals behave in the same fashion. I discuss apparent cases of inanimate by-phrases in Spanish and argue that they are actually instances of causal adjuncts, and thus are not true external arguments. My account makes the prediction that, crosslinguistically, passive nominalizations do not discriminate against non-agents: rather, agent exclusivity, when found, is a side effect of the interplay between aspectual restrictions and the requirement that the external argument denote a human entity.
FOSTERING CREATIVE LEADERSHIP ABILITIES IN ZIMBABWEAN TEACHER EDUCATION THROUGH 21ST CENTURY ASSESSMENT PRACTICES
Authors: Hwami Evelyn 
Published: December 2024

Within the framework of Zimbabwean teacher education, this research project intends to explore the function of 21st century assessment procedures in nurturing and augmenting creative leadership abilities. Educators must cultivate inventive leadership abilities to effectively navigate the unparalleled obstacles of the technologically advanced 21st- century. Given the speed at which technology is developing and the dynamic needs of the global labour market, educational systems must ensure that aspiring educators possess the knowledge and abilities needed to lead and innovate in the classroom. Pre-service teachers in Zimbabwean teachers' colleges must acquire creative leadership abilities to be prepared for their future roles.to become instructors who are revolutionary and successful. The capacity to introduce a novel approach, service, idea, referred is an innovative leadership quality. Interviews, observations, and document analysis were research instruments used in this interpretive case study to collect data from pre-service teachers and teacher educators at a Zimbabwean Teacher College. The participants were chosen on purpose. The education system in Zimbabwe is results-driven and exam-oriented, according to research findings., Assessments of learning which encourage memorization and concept repetition are emphasised instead of transformative assessment. Recommendations call for a paradigm shift in curriculum, pedagogy, and assessment practices in teacher education. commendations call for a paradigm shift in curriculum, pedagogy and assessment practices in Teacher education.
A comparative analysis of Asian medicinal herbs Catharanthus roseus and Vinca alba based on their antidiabetic, anticancer and turbidimetric antibiotic efficacies
Authors: Bhattacharya Malavika , Samanta Debaleena 
Published: December 2024

Being on Northern Hemisphere, India is a geographically established country with a large variety of species variation in terms of animals and plants species. According to geographical location, the land barriers in north and the oceanic barriers in east and west region of India made the differences among medicinal plant species being isolated from different areas.To isolate the pharmaceutical values of those species for antidiabetic, anticancer and antibiotic potencies are essential for further drug establishments from Catharanthus roseus and .Turbidimetric Assay or Tube Assay method is used to determine antibiotic efficacy against Vinblastine (VLB) and Vincristine (VCR) Reference standards. Bradford assay is used to identify protein content against standard curve. Polysaccharide and Amino acid assay are used to evaluate unknown concentration of dextrose and glycine against known concentration. Presence of alkaloids are tested by Mayer’s test. Thin Layer Chromatography is used to assume presence of Amino acids rich in anticancer peptides.Both leaf and stem extracts of and are showing significant amount of polysaccharide content, strong protein content, presence of alkaloids, anticancer peptides, hypoglycemic or antidiabetic and antibiotic efficacies.The medicinal plant species and are well known to be helpful for the medical, biological, pharmacological and biochemical studies for human benefits. So, the desire of medicinal plant utility is a certain thing from the ancient era, till from “Ayurveda shastra” that intricates the therapeutic capability of and .