bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thoracolumbar interfascial plane block for postoperative analgesia in spine surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Yu , Bi Yaodan , Ma Jun , Liu Bin 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionThoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) block has been discussed widely in spine surgery. The aim of our study is to evaluate analgesic efficacy and safety of TLIP block in spine surgery.MethodWe performed a quantitative systematic review. Randomized controlled trials that compared TLIP block to non-block care or wound infiltration for patients undergoing spine surgery and took the pain or morphine consumption as a primary or secondary outcome were included. The primary outcome was cumulative opioid consumption during 0-24-hour. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain intensity, rescue analgesia requirement, and adverse events.Result9 randomized controlled trials with 539 patients were included for analysis. Compared with non-block care, TLIP block was effective to decrease the opioid consumption (WMD -16.00; 95%CI -19.19, -12.81; p<0.001; I2= 71.6%) for the first 24 hours after the surgery. TLIP block significantly reduced postoperative pain intensity at rest or movement at various time points compared with non-block care, and reduced rescue analgesia requirement ((RR 0.47; 95%CI 0.30, 0.74; p = 0.001; I2= 0.0%) and postoperative nausea and vomiting (RR 0.58; 95%CI 0.39, 0.86; p = 0.006; I2= 25.1%). Besides, TLIP block is superior to wound infiltration in terms of opioid consumption (WMD -17.23, 95%CI -21.62, -12.86; p<0.001; I2= 63.8%), and the postoperative pain intensity at rest was comparable between TLIP block and wound infiltration.ConclusionTLIP block improved analgesic efficacy in spine surgery compared with non-block care. Furthermore, current literature supported the TLIP block was superior to wound infiltration in terms of opioid consumption.
Risk factors for acute kidney injury and mortality in high risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Serraino Giuseppe Filiberto , Provenzano Michele , Jiritano Federica , Michael Ashour , Ielapi Nicola , Mastroroberto Pasquale , Andreucci Michele , Serra Raffaele 
Published: May 2021

Background
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) represents a clinical condition with poor prognosis. The incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients was about 22–57%. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery (CS) are particularly exposed to AKI because of the related oxidative stress, inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion damage. Hence, the risk profile of patients undergoing CS who develop AKI and who are consequently at increased mortality risk deserves further investigation.

Methods
We designed a retrospective study examining consecutive patients undergoing any type of open-heart surgery from January to December 2018. Patients with a history of AKI were excluded. AKI was diagnosed according to KDIGO criteria. Univariate associations between clinical variables and AKI were tested using logistic regression analysis. Variable thresholds maximizing the association with AKI were measured with the Youden index. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess predictors of AKI through backward selection. Mortality risk factors were assessed through the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results
We studied 158 patients (mean age 51.2±9.7 years) of which 74.7% were males. Types of procedures performed were: isolated coronary artery bypass (CABG, 50.6%), valve (28.5%), aortic (3.2%) and combined (17.7%) surgery. Overall, incidence of AKI was 34.2%. At multivariable analysis, young age (p = 0.016), low blood glucose levels (p = 0.028), estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (p = 0.007), pH (p = 0.008), type of intervention (p = 0.031), prolonged extracorporeal circulation (ECC, p = 0.028) and cross-clamp (p = 0.021) times were associated with AKI. The threshold for detecting AKI were 91 and 51 minutes for ECC and cross-clamp times, respectively. At survival analysis, the presence of AKI, prolonged ECC and cross-clamp times, and low blood glucose levels forecasted mortality.

Conclusions
AKI is common among CS patients and associates with shortened life-expectancy. Several pre-operative and intra-operative predictors are associated with AKI and future mortality. Future studies, aiming at improving prognosis in high-risk patients, by a stricter control of these factors, are awaited.
Gestión del proceso posanalítico en los laboratorios clínicos según los requisitos de la norma ISO 15189:2012. Consideraciones sobre la gestión de muestras clínicas, aseguramiento de la calidad en el proceso posanalítico y gestión de la información del laboratorio
Authors: López Yeste Mª Liboria , Pons Mas Antonia R. , Guiñón Muñoz Leonor , Izquierdo Álvarez Silvia , Marqués García Fernando , Blanco Font Aurora , Pascual Gómez Natalia F. , Sánchez Gancedo Lorena , García Álvarez Ana , Bernabeu Andreu Francisco A. , Chueca Rodríguez Mª Patrocinio , Álvarez Domínguez Luisa 
Published: May 2021

Resumen
La norma ISO 15189:2012 exige una serie de requisitos en cuanto a la gestión de muestras clínicas, el aseguramiento de la calidad del proceso y la gestión de la información del laboratorio. Además, la entidad acreditadora, ENAC en España, tiene establecidas las condiciones para el uso de la marca en el informe de resultados del laboratorio acreditado. Las recomendaciones planteadas aplican a las actividades incluidas en el proceso posanalítico del laboratorio, así como al personal implicado. Se indican los criterios para que el laboratorio defina y documente el tiempo y las condiciones de retención de las muestras, para diseñar un control de calidad interno que verifique si las actividades posanalíticas alcanzan la calidad esperada, los requisitos que debe cumplir la gestión de la información y la necesidad de disponer de un plan de contingencia que asegure la comunicación de los resultados en todo momento. Asimismo, se describe el uso correcto de la marca de acreditación en los informes. Diversos gobiernos y sociedades científicas abogan por la obligatoriedad de la acreditación de los laboratorios clínicos. Siendo la norma ISO 15189 la más específica para demostrar su competencia técnica, es indispensable el conocimiento y la comprensión de sus requisitos para su correcta implantación.
Meromorphic solutions of the (2 + 1)- and the (3 + 1)-dimensional BLMP equations and the (2 + 1)-dimensional KMN equation
Authors: Dang Guoqiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The complex method is systematic and powerful to build various kinds of exact meromorphic solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations on the complex plane

C

{\mathbb{C}}

. By using the complex method, abundant new exact meromorphic solutions to the

(

2
+
1

)

\left(2+1)

-dimensional and the

(

3
+
1

)

\left(3+1)

-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equations and the

(

2
+
1

)

\left(2+1)

-dimension Kundu-Mukherjee-Naskar equation are investigated. Abundant new elliptic solutions, rational solutions and exponential solutions have been constructed.
Theoretical and experimental studies on the fabrication of cylindrical-electrode-assisted solution blowing spinning nanofibers
Authors: Zheng Wenxing , Shi Changwei , Hu Yabing , Wang Xinhou , Wang Yiheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cylindrical-electrode-assisted solution blowing spinning (CSBS) is a novel technique of fabricating nanofibers. In this paper, a combination of numerical simulation, theoretical analysis, and experiment is used to study the influences of CSBS airflow field and electric field on the fabrication of CSBS nanofibers for the first time. The effects of air pressure and injection speed on the morphology of CSBS fiber are studied. The research results show that the increase in air pressure will increase the centerline velocity and the centerline turbulence intensity within the effective stretching distance of the airflow. The increase in centerline velocity will result in a decrease in the diameter of CSBS fibers. There is a negative correlation between jet diameter and surface charge density of CSBS jet. The increase in air pressure will increase the stretching of the jet by the air flow, which will make the jet more likely to become thinner again because of the charge repulsion. Increasing air pressure will reduce the porosity of the nonwoven. As the injection speed increases, the diameter of CSBS fiber increases, and the porosity of the nonwoven decreases first and then increases. This work provides theoretical and experimental bases for the controllable preparation of CSBS nanofibers.
Responding to Democratic Decay in South Asia: The ‘Federalism Constraint’ on Regional Emergency Powers in India
Authors: Vohra Kritika 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
2020 marked the 14th consecutive year of democratic decline in the world, and South Asia has been no exception to this global phenomenon. This paper focuses on one particularly egregious onslaught on democracy in India. In August 2019, the Indian government stripped the former state of Jammu and Kashmir of its special status under the Constitution of India, and reorganized its territory into two union territories. The government’s use of its regional emergency powers provided the legal basis for operationalizing these changes. Their use in this manner raises the question of the proper scope of these powers, independently of whether the proclamation of the regional emergency was constitutionally valid. What, if any, are the substantive limitations that constrain the center’s exercise of regional emergency powers? This paper offers a partial response to this question. It relies on the basic structure doctrine to theorize a substantive limitation on their exercise and situates this limitation in the wider legal and historical landscape on regional emergency powers. Articulating it as the ‘Federalism Constraint’, the paper argues that, even when a validly proclaimed regional emergency is in force in a state, the center cannot exercise its regional emergency powers to effect a permanent change to the detriment of the state, as doing so would damage federalism, a basic feature of the Constitution. On this basis, the paper argues that the recent changes to the status of the former state of Jammu and Kashmir are unconstitutional.
Dynamic optimal network reconfiguration under photovoltaic generation and electric vehicle fleet load variability using self-adaptive butterfly optimization algorithm
Authors: Pandraju Thandava Krishna Sai , Janamala Varaprasad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Currently, electrical distribution networks (EDNs) have used modern technologies to operate and serve many types of consumers such as renewable energy, energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and demand response programs. Due to the variability and unpredictability of these technologies, all these technologies have brought various challenges to the operation and control of EDNs. In this case, in order to operate effectively, it is inevitable that effective power redistribution is required in the entire network. In this paper, a multi-objective based dynamic optimal network reconfiguration (DONR) problem is formulated using power loss and voltage deviation index considering the hourly variation of load, photovoltaic (PV) power, and electric vehicle (EV) fleet load in the network. This paper introduces recently introduced meta-heuristic butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) and it’s improve variant of self-adaptive method (SABOA) for solving the DONR problem. The simulation study of IEEE 33-bus EDN under different conditions has proved the effectiveness of DONR, and its adoptability for real-time applications. In addition, by comparing different performance indicators (such as mean, standard deviation, variance, and average calculation time) of 50 independently run simulations, the efficiency of SABOA can be evaluated compared with other heuristic methods (HMs). Comparative studies show that SABOA is better than PSO, TLBO, CSA and FPA in the frequent occurrence of global optimal values.
Thai tonal confusion patterns in the production of L1 Chinese Zhuang students
Authors: Phonphanich Siriluck Hoonsringam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper examines Thai tonal confusion patterns in two sample groups of Chinese Zhuang Students with the research hypothesis that the experimental group who possess Zhuang language experience as native speakers (C+Z) would have better tonal performance in the process of assigning tone for each lexical word than the control group who have no experience of Zhuang (C−Z). The hypothesis focuses on the C+Z′ familiarity of tone split which is a common feature of the tonal system in Tai languages as their L1 positive transfer. The tone split patterns of their L1 and L2 were explored and contrasted in the comparative Gedney’s tone box. The C+Z and the C−Z were asked to pronounce 60 words of two wordlists, one of which contained Zhuang-Thai cognates to stimulate the familiarity of their L1 tone split pattern. The findings show that Thai tonal confusion patterns in the two groups present differently. The accuracy rate of the C+Z is significantly higher than that of the C−Z overall and especially in T3 and T5. Their confusion rate on the Zhuang-Thai cognate wordlist was not higher than the non-cognate wordlist. All of the aforementioned indicates the positive transfer of the L1 Zhuang in the students’ Thai L2 tonal acquisition.
Impact of inhalation aromatherapy with Damask Rose (Rosa damascena) on stress, anxiety and hemodynamic parameters of patients undergoing coronary angiography: a single blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bikmoradi Ali , Roshanaei Ghodratollah , Moradkhani Shirin , Fatahi Azad 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Coronary arteries angiography is used commonly for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. In spite of the low risk of coronary artery angiography method, it could lead to stress, anxiety and consequently hemodynamic changes in patients. This study aimed to assess the effects of inhalation aromatherapy with Rosa damascena on stress, anxiety, and hemodynamic parameters of patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods
A single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 98 patients in Besat Educational Hospital, Hamadan, Iran. Before coronary angiography, patients at aromatherapy group inhaled five drops of 40% Rosa damascena for 20 min and in the control group, patients inhaled distilled water. Stress, anxiety, and hemodynamic parameters were measured before and after the intervention using DASS-21 questionnaire and checklist.

Results
Data were analysed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive and inferential statistics such as paired t-test and non-parametric tests. There were significant differences in terms of stress and anxiety severity in patients at aromatherapy group (p=0.005) and control group (p=0.001). There were significant differences in terms of hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate (p=0.001), mean arterial pressure (p=0.001), systolic (p=0.003) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001) and SpO2 (p=0.02).

Conclusions
Inhalation aromatherapy with Rosa damascena can significantly decrease stress and anxiety severity and improve hemodynamic parameters of patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Registry number
This study has registered with the number IRCT201702019759N8 at Iranian Registry Clinical Trial.
Influence of lime (CaO) on low temperature leaching of some types of bauxite from Guinea
Authors: Béavogui Marie Constance , Loginova Irina Viktorovna , Konaté Ahmed Amara , Condé Sékou Amadou 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In Bayer process, low temperature treatment of bauxite generally applicable to gibbsite in the presence of a significant amount of boehmite (>3%), requires a temperature increase and the addition of an additive to improve the leaching conditions. This research is based on improvement of low temperature leaching conditions 108 °C and the addition of lime during the attack of some types of bauxite in Guinea. TRUhat is Low Mono Grade Bauxite (LMG), Standard Metal Grade (SMG) and Fria Bauxite (BF). The results of this study confirm an improvement in the extraction yields. Additionally, it shows an increase in yields of two points when the lime dosage is low, and between 0.5 and 3% of the bauxite weight. Based on the mineralogical and chemical composition findings, minerals contain of SMG bauxites are difficult to decompose while BF bauxites are easy to process. Sougueta limestone was used for testing. After calcination, we obtained CaO added at a rate of: 0.3; 0.5; 1; 3 and 6% of the bauxite weight to finally obtain the highest leaching efficiency compared to the leaching efficiency of bauxite without addition. The best leaching rate obtained for LMG, SMG and BF are respectively: 89.01, 87.15 and 89.74% for additions of 1, 0.5 and 3% CaO respectively.
Thermo-Oxidative Behavior of Four-Directional Carbon-Carbon Composites as Throat Inserts for Solid Propulsion Systems
Authors: Paul Jhon , Santhosh B. , Ananthapadmanabhan E. N. , Das P. K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Carbon-carbon (C-C) composites are considered as one of the ideal materials of construction for high-temperature applications in rockets and dimensionally stable structures for satellites. Thermo-oxidative behavior of four-directional (4D) C-C composites makes it a candidate material for throat inserts of nozzles in solid propulsion systems. For the realization of throat inserts, although 4D C-C composites can be manufactured by different process methodologies, its selection is crucial, as the methodology dictates the material behavior to meet the functional requirements. In this study, high-density 4D C-C composites are manufactured through a unique combination of processes, which can meet the functional requirements. Thermostructural behavior of 4D C-C composites in an oxidative environment is studied, and critical insights on the performance of the material are established. The material behavior of 4D C-C composites is examined with respect to the operating environment. The phenomenon of ablation for 4D C-C composites is investigated through plasma arc jet testing. The ablation mechanism of the material and its constitutive behavior is proposed.
Динаміка опаду в сосново-букових деревостанах та її зміни за впливу поступових рубок в умовах Львівського Розточчя
Authors: Yakhnytskyi Volodymyr , Krynytskyy Hryhoriy 
Published: May 2021

Висвітлено особливості річної динаміки нагромадження опаду, його структурних фракцій (хвоя сосни, листя бука, листя супутніх порід, гілки, кора, шишки сосни, горішки бука, пліски горішків бука, насіння супутніх порід) та їхніх змін після проведення перших прийомів поступових рубок головного користування – рівномірних поступових і ґрупово-вибіркових в унікальних за складом та обмежених за поширенням сосново-букових лісостанах Львівського Розточчя. Залежно від лісівничо-таксаційних показників стиглих сосново-букових деревостанів, річна маса опаду становить, зазвичай, 5-6 т∙га-1 в абсолютно сухому стані. Найбільшу частку опаду в річному циклі становить листя бука (29,5-36,8%), значно меншу – хвоя сосни (20,8-25,6%). Достатньо значимою в складі опаду є маса гілок (12,4-14,7%), шишок сосни (10,5-11,7%), кори дерев (6,6-9,0%) і плісок горішків бука (3,6-10,6%). Невеликою часткою опаду представлені горішки бука (1,7-4,3%) та листя супутніх порід (0,4-1,7%) і найменшою – насіння супутніх порід (0,01-0,13%).
Найбільша маса опаду формується в жовтні (35,6-44,6%). Значна кількість мертвої фітомаси опадає також у вересні (14,1-16,2%) та в осінньо-зимово-весняний період (листопад – березень, 19,3-19,7%). Невелике збільшення опаду в сосново-букових деревостанах Львівського Розточчя є характерним і для травня (8,4-14,3%).
Найменша кількість фітомаси опадає в квітні (близько 2,0%). Невелику частку опаду спостережено також у липні (2,9-3,7%) і в серпні (2,7-3,7%).
Річна динаміка нагромадження окремих фракцій опаду в сосново-букових лісостанах є неоднозначною. Найбільша маса хвої сосни опадає у вересні (29,0-33,2%) або у жовтні (26,4-40,2%), листя бука та супутніх порід – у жовтні (відповідно, 84,5-87,4% і 81,0-81,2%), гілок – у зимовий період (38,9-63,6%) або у травні (13,1-45,3%), кори – у зимовий період (39,7-43,1%), шишок сосни – в травні і червні (відповідно, 26,7-38,0% і 28,7-38,8%), горішків бука – у вересні (54,2-58,7%), плісок горішків бука – у вересні і зимовий період (відповідно, 17,9-23,2% і 40,7-53,0%), насіння супутніх порід – у жовтні (57,1-70,7%).
Після проведення першого прийому рівномірної поступової рубки річна маса опаду зменшилась до 44,3%, а групово-вибіркової – до 62,1% порівняно з контролем. При цьому річна динаміка опаду і його фракцій після рубок істотно не змінилася
Теоретико-методологічні засади побудови лісонасінного районування України
Authors: Danchuk Oleg 
Published: May 2021

Запропоновано методологію проведення робіт для розробки уніфікованого лісонасінного районування території України. Теоретичною основою такої розробки є природна внутрішньовидова мінливість деревних порід, що сформувалася у процесі еволюції як результат пристосування місцевих популяцій до умов середовища їх функціонування під дією природного добору. Для виділення окремих одиниць лісонасінного районування як базову, доцільно використати схему чинного фізико-географічного районування території України; результати досліджень, отримані під час розробки спеціальних видів районувань, важливих для організації ведення лісового господарства; дані з досліджень міжпопуляційної та внутрішньопопуляційної мінливості деревних порід.
Пропонується запровадити систему уніфікованих територіальних одиниць районування наступних рангових рівнів: підрайон, район, округ.
Просторові межі одиниць районування визначаються фізико-географічними умовами території та є загальними для всіх лісотвірних порід. Пропонований принцип використання уніфікованих одиниць районування відмінний від діючої з 1982 р. системи лісонасінного районування, яка, разом з наступними доповненнями, передбачала побудову окремих схем районування загалом для семи основних лісотвірних порід України.
Підрайони, як базові одиниці районування, пропонується поділити на донорні та реципієнтні. Статус донорних підрайонів передбачає заборону використання у їх межах репродуктивного матеріалу інорайонних популяцій. Донорні підрайони є також джерелом репродуктивного матеріалу для спеціально визначених відповідними переліками реципієнтних підрайонів.
Впровадження пропонованих теоретико-методологічних засад лісонасінного районування забезпечить збереження генофонду лісових порід, ефективний захист найцінніших популяцій від проникнення чужорідного генетичного матеріалу, а також збагачення генофонду менш цінних популяцій завдяки штучно регульованому притоку генів із найцінніших популяцій.