bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast Milk and Breastfeeding of Infants Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Mothers: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Kunjumon Bgee , Wachtel Elena V. , Lumba Rishi , Quan Michelle , Remon Juan , Louie Moi , Verma Sourabh , Moffat Michael A. , Kouba Insaf , Bennett Terri-Ann , Mejia Claudia Manzano De , Mally Pradeep V. , Lin Xinhua , Hanna Nazeeh 
Published: June 2021

Objective There are limited published data on the transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus from mothers to newborns through breastfeeding or from breast milk. The World Health Organization released guidelines encouraging mothers with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 to breastfeed as the benefits of breastfeeding outweighs the possible risk of transmission. The objective of this study was to determine if SARS-CoV-2 was present in the breast milk of lactating mothers who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal swab test prior to delivery, and the clinical outcomes for their newborns.
Study Design This was a single-center, observational, prospective cohort study. Maternal–newborn dyads that delivered at New York University Langone Hospital Brooklyn with confirmed maternal SARS-CoV-2 positive screen test at the time of admission were recruited for the study. Breast milk samples were collected during postpartum hospitalization and tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genes N1 and N2 by two-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the clinical characteristics of the maternal newborn dyad, results of nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 testing, and neonatal follow-up data were collected.
Results A total of 19 mothers were included in the study and their infants who were all fed breast milk. Breast milk samples from 18 mothers tested negative for SARS-CoV-2, and 1 was positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The infant who ingested the breast milk that tested positive had a negative nasopharyngeal test for SARS-CoV-2, and had a benign clinical course. There was no evidence of significant clinical infection during the hospital stay or from outpatient neonatal follow-up data for all the infants included in this study.
Conclusion In a small cohort of SARS-CoV-2 positive lactating mothers giving birth at our institution, most of their breast milk samples (95%) contained no detectable virus, and there was no evidence of COVID-19 infection in their breast milk-fed neonates.
Key Points
New Greek migrant (dis)identifications in social media: Evidence from a discourse-centred online ethnographic study
Authors: Georgalou Mariza 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSince the eruption of the Greek crisis in 2010, thousands of highly educated and skilled Greeks have chosen or have been forced to migrate abroad in pursuit of better career prospects and living standards. This recent migratory wave has been termed ‘new’ Greek migration (Panagiotopoulou et al., 2019). Considering the transformative impact of social media on the lives and experiences of migrants as well as the pivotal role of social media in (dis)identification and identity construction processes, this paper aims at exploring the ways in which new Greek migrants construct their identities in their social media discourse. Based on a synergy between the constructionist approach to identity, discourse studies, and online ethnography, the paper presents and discusses empirical data (social media content and interviews) from five selected new Greek migrants settled in the UK and Germany, who write about and capture their migration experiences on their blogs, Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram accounts. As shown in the analysis, new Greek migrant identities are hybrid and multifaceted, constructed and negotiated through a gamut of discursive means, including stance-taking, intertextuality, entextualization, and coupling. Having the migrants’ own voice and perspective at the heart of the analysis brings to the forefront significant socio-cultural dimensions of new Greek migration, often downplayed in economic and political analyses of the phenomenon. In this fashion, the potential of social media to heighten awareness of new Greek migrants’ (dis)identification processes is verified.
A new tri-particle backlighter for high-energy-density plasmas (invited)
Authors: Sutcliffe Graeme , Adrian Patrick , Pearcy Jacob , Johnson Timothy , Kabadi Neel , Haque Shaherul , Parker Cody , Lahmann Brandon , Frenje Johan , Gatu-Johnson Maria , Sio Hong , Séguin Fredrick , Pollock Brad , Moody John , Glebov Vladmir , Janezic Roger , Koch Michael , Petrasso Richard , Li Chikang 
Published: June 2021

A new tri-particle mono-energetic backlighter based on laser-driven implosions of DT3He gas-filled capsules has been implemented at the OMEGA laser. This platform, an extension of the original D3He backlighter platform, generates 9.5 MeV deuterons from the T3He reaction in addition to 14.7 and 3.0 MeV protons from the deuterium and helium-3 reactants. The monoenergetic 14.7 and 3.0 MeV protons have been used with success at OMEGA and the NIF for both radiography and stopping-power studies. There are several advantages of having a third particle to diagnose plasma conditions: an extra time-of-flight-separated radiograph and an improved ability to discern between electric and magnetic fields. In cases where the 3.0 MeV protons cannot penetrate an experiment, the benefit of the additional 9.5 MeV deuterons is magnified. This capability is well-suited for NIF experiments, where large fields and plasma densities often preclude useful 3.0 MeV proton data. The advantages are demonstrated with radiographs of OMEGA plasmas with magnetic and electric fields. Tests using backlighter-scale 420 μm diameter thin glass capsules validate the platform’s extended backlighting capability. The performance characteristics of this backlighter, such as source size and timing, are discussed.
The molecular systematics and diversification of a taxonomically unstable group of Asian cicada tribes related to Cicadini Latreille, 1802 (Hemiptera : Cicadidae)
Authors: Hill Kathy B. R. , Marshall David C. , Marathe Kiran , Moulds Maxwell S. , Lee Young June , Pham Thai-Hong , Mohagan Alma B. , Sarkar Vivek , Price Benjamin W. , Duffels J. P. , Schouten Marieke A. , de Boer Arnold J. , Kunte Krushnamegh , Simon Chris 
Published: June 2021

The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) related to tribe Cicadini exhibit some of the most remarkable phenotypes in the family, with many genera possessing striking colour patterns and unusual morphological features. This largely Asian group of 13 tribes has proven challenging for cicada taxonomists, in part because of likely convergent evolution or losses of these phenotypes. We present the first focused molecular phylogeny of this clade, including ~60 described genera. The genetic dataset contains 839 ingroup-informative sites (out of 2575) from mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, nuclear elongation factor-1 α, and nuclear acetyltransferase. We use Bayesian and maximum likelihood trees to test recent changes in tribe- and subtribe-level classification, and we reconstruct ancestral character states for potentially convergent traits influencing tribe descriptions. We use fossil and molecular clock calibrations to estimate the temporal and geographic context of the radiation. The tribes Gaeanini, Leptopsaltriini, Platypleurini, Psithyristriini, and Tosenini appear polyphyletic and in need of revision, in part because of convergent evolution of opaque wings and multiple convergent gains or losses of abdominal tubercles. Kalabita Moulton, 1923 is transferred from Platypleurini to Leptopsaltriini. Vittagaeana gen. nov. is established for Vittagaeana paviei comb. nov. and Vittagaeana dives comb. nov., formerly in Tosena. Sinosenini syn. nov. is synonymised with Dundubiina. Ayuthiini trib. nov. is established with two new subtribes for Ayuthia Distant, 1919 and Distantalna Boulard, 2009, formerly in Tosenini. For the earliest split in the tree, one common ancestor appears to have been Indian + Asian in geographic distribution and the other Asian. We estimate that the radiation began in the middle Cenozoic Era, possibly as recently as the early Miocene. The recent and steady pattern of diversification suggests that refinement of tribe diagnoses will prove challenging. http://zoobank.org:urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5A6C16F4-5269-453B-BA5C-B29C3394683A
Comparing expert elicitation and model-based probabilistic technology cost forecasts for the energy transition
Authors: Meng Jing , Way Rupert , Verdolini Elena , Diaz Anadon Laura 
Published: June 2021

SignificanceForecasting is essential to design efforts to address climate change. We conduct a systematic comparison of probabilistic technology cost forecasts produced by expert elicitation and model-based methods. We assess their performance by generating probabilistic cost forecasts of energy technologies rooted at various years in the past and then comparing these with observed costs in 2019. Model-based methods outperformed expert elicitations both in terms of capturing 2019 observed values and producing forecast medians that were closer to the observed values. However, all methods underestimated technological progress in almost all technologies. We also produce 2030 cost forecasts and find that elicitations generally yield narrower uncertainty ranges than model-based methods and that model-based forecasts are lower for more modular technologies.
Effects of double-dose algebra on college persistence and degree attainment
Authors: Nomi Takako , Raudenbush Stephen W. , Smith Jake J. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
To obtain high-paying jobs, students from low-income backgrounds need to complete college at higher rates. Could remedial math coursework in high school help them do so? Some have argued that adolescence is too late to intervene, or that schools cannot overcome systemic social problems that hinder student success. Yet, evidence from Chicago suggests otherwise. We find that ninth graders assigned to “double-dose algebra”—an algebra class plus a second class designed to bolster algebra skills—were more likely to stay in, and complete, college compared to similar students who did not take double-dose algebra. However, when students were placed in double-dose classes with much-lower-skilled peers the program had no effect.
CRY2
missense mutations suppress P53 and enhance cell growth
Authors: Chan Alanna B. , Parico Gian Carlo G. , Fribourgh Jennifer L. , Ibrahim Lara H. , Bollong Michael J. , Partch Carrie L. , Lamia Katja A. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Disruption of circadian rhythms enhances cancer risk, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. The circadian repressors CRY1 and CRY2 evolved from light-activated DNA-repair enzymes, suggesting that they may be involved. Here, we demonstrate that missense mutations in CRY2 reported in The Cancer Genome Atlas suppress P53 target-gene expression and enhance the growth of MYC-transformed fibroblasts. Our identification of point mutations in CRY2 in human tumors that influence P53 activity and cell growth provides evidence for a clinically relevant molecular connection between CRYs and P53. Furthermore, these mutants will enable new strategies to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms and inform a growing effort to identify selective chemical modulators of CRY1 and/or CRY2.
Optimized river diversion scenarios promote sustainability of urbanized deltas
Authors: Moodie Andrew J. , Nittrouer Jeffrey A. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Urbanization is widely considered to limit river-delta sustainability by inhibiting natural land-building processes that are necessary to mitigate the detrimental effects of sea-level rise and coastal storm surge. In response, billions of dollars have been spent globally to engineer river diversions that distribute water and sediment to coastlines; however, the broader cost and benefits of locating such infrastructure have not been evaluated. Here, we show that the optimal location for diversions depends on coevolution of natural river processes and tradeoffs between societal benefit and diversion cost. Our findings provide a quantitative description of nature-based solutions and will inform decision-making frameworks that seek sustainable and equitable delta and coastline landscape management strategies.
Cathelicidin and PMB neutralize endotoxins by multifactorial mechanisms including LPS interaction and targeting of host cell membranes
Authors: Schromm Andra B. , Paulowski Laura , Kaconis Yani , Kopp Franziska , Koistinen Max , Donoghue Annemarie , Keese Susanne , Nehls Christian , Wernecke Julia , Garidel Patrick , Sevcsik Eva , Lohner Karl , Sanchez-Gomez Susana , Martinez-de-Tejada Guillermo , Brandenburg Klaus , Brameshuber Mario , Schütz Gerhard J. , Andrä Jörg , Gutsmann Thomas 
Published: June 2021

SignificanceAntibiotic resistance among clinically relevant bacteria presents an increasing threat and raises the urgent need for new compounds. Antimicrobial peptides and peptide antibiotics are potent membrane-active molecules and valuable prototypes for drug development. In gram-negative infections, killing of bacteria by antimicrobials is accompanied by the release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin that causes severe hyperinflammation and pathology. We demonstrate how two medically relevant peptides, the cathelicidin LL-32 and polymyxin B, disarm endotoxins by peptide–LPS interaction. Furthermore, our studies reveal a mechanism of peptide-mediated immune control by acting on signaling domains of the immune cell membrane. Our results significantly enhance our understanding of how peptide antibiotics can regulate inflammation and will be important for their development and therapeutic use.
Mechanisms of transport enhancement for self-propelled nanoswimmers in a porous matrix
Authors: Wu Haichao , Greydanus Benjamin , Schwartz Daniel K. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
As with living microorganisms, many real-world applications of synthetic micro/nanoswimmers are likely to rely on transport in complex environments, a phenomenon that remains poorly understood. Here, we report anomalously rapid transport of self-propelled particles in a porous medium, where nanoswimmers escaped from cavities more than an order of magnitude faster than expected compared to corresponding Brownian particles. This phenomenon was determined to be due to nuanced effects associated with self-propulsion, including enhanced mobility in confinement, efficient surface-mediated searching for holes, and the abolition of barriers at cavity exits. These mechanisms are broadly generalizable, and the previously unknown transport efficiency of nanoswimmers in complex porous environments suggests tremendous opportunities in forward-looking applications, including drug delivery and environmental remediation.
Elimination of fibrin γ-chain cross-linking by FXIIIa increases pulmonary embolism arising from murine inferior vena cava thrombi
Authors: Duval Cédric , Baranauskas Adomas , Feller Tímea , Ali Majid , Cheah Lih T. , Yuldasheva Nadira Y. , Baker Stephen R. , McPherson Helen R. , Raslan Zaher , Bailey Marc A. , Cubbon Richard M. , Connell Simon D. , Ajjan Ramzi A. , Philippou Helen , Naseem Khalid M. , Ridger Victoria C. , Ariëns Robert A. S. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Pulmonary embolism and stroke are thromboembolic diseases affecting >1 million people annually worldwide. Thromboembolism involves clot fragments affecting vital downstream organs such as the lung or brain. The mechanisms underpinning thromboembolism are not understood and require clarification in order to devise more effective treatments. Here, we developed a thromboembolism protocol supported by state-of-the-art in vivo imaging, coupled to a genetically modified murine model of reduced clot strength caused by mutations in the cross-linking sites of fibrin, which provides the mechanical scaffold of the clot. We find that fibrin γ-chain cross-linking is essential for clot stability and reduces embolism. These findings introduce an important concept indicating that maintenance of clot stability during thrombosis treatment is essential to prevent thromboembolism.
Phase-induced topological superconductivity in a planar heterostructure
Authors: Lesser Omri , Saydjari Andrew , Wesson Marie , Yacoby Amir , Oreg Yuval 
Published: June 2021

Significance
The practical realization of Majorana zero modes in quasi-one-dimensional topological superconductors is greatly hindered by the need to apply strong magnetic fields. This study proposes a way to engineer these exotic states using only superconducting phase bias, which requires negligible magnetic fields or currents. The proposed device is experimentally accessible and robust, as we show by comprehensive theoretical modeling. Furthermore, it has the potential of providing substantially cleaner experimental signatures of Majorana zero modes than the currently available platforms, paving the way to building a topological qubit.
Summated training and match load predictors of salivary immunoglobulin‐A, alpha‐amylase, testosterone, cortisol and T:C profile changes in elite‐level professional football players: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Springham Matthew , Williams Sean , Waldron Mark , McLellan Chris , Newton Robert U. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTWe examined how summated training and match load measures relate to salivary immunological and hormonal profile changes in professional football players. Data were collected from 18 elite‐level professional male football players from one English Championship team across a complete 40 wk competitive season. Daily training (micro‐technology) and match (computerised tracking) measures of total, high‐speed and high‐metabolic load running distance and sprint, acceleration, deceleration and sRPE load were converted into exponentially weighted moving average “acute” (7d), “chronic” (28d) and acute:chronic composite load measures. Bi‐weekly morning saliva samples were analysed for immunoglobulin‐A, alpha‐amylase, testosterone, cortisol and testosterone:cortisol. A two‐stage data reduction technique using partial least squares modelling and a backward stepwise selection procedure determined the most parsimonious model for each salivary variable. Testosterone had non‐linear relationships with chronic total (P = 0.015; Cohen's D: large), high‐metabolic load (P = 0.001;small) and high‐speed (P = 0.001;trivial) running distance and linear relationships with chronic sRPE (P = 0.002;moderate ↓) and acute:chronic high‐speed running distance (P = 0.001; trivial ↑). Cortisol had a non‐linear relationship with chronic high‐speed running distance (P = 0.001;trivial). Testosterone:cortisol had non‐linear relationships with chronic decelerations (P = 0.039;small) and chronic summated acceleration and deceleration load (P = 0.039;small). Non‐linear relationships typically indicated optimal hormonal responses at squad mean loads. No load variables clearly related to salivary immunoglobulin‐A or alpha‐amylase changes. We conclude that chronic total and high‐intensity load measures relate to hormonal changes and might be useful indicators of player readiness. Acute load variables were not related to immunological or hormonal changes and consequently, should not be used as surrogate measures of player readiness in isolation.
Validation of the Norwegian adaptation of Khalfa’s Hyperacusis Questionnaire and psychological distress in Norwegian hyperacusis patients
Authors: Larsen Linda , Gjendem Terese Stople , Svevad Karina , Nielsen Guri Engernes 
Published: June 2021

Objectives
There are currently no validated hyperacusis questionnaires available in Norway. This study evaluates a new (Norwegian) translation of Khalfa’s Hyperacusis Questionnaire. Another aim was to examine levels of psychological distress in Norwegian hyperacusis patients.

Materials and methods
Seventy-six hyperacusis patients between 21 and 68 years of age completed an online survey on two occasions comprising the Norwegian Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Results
The average scale score for HQ was 25.9 ± 9.0. The HQ scale and subscales had good to excellent internal consistency, except the emotional subscale, which had somewhat lower reliability. The test-retest reliability was moderate to good for the HQ scale and subscales. Fifty-five percent of patients had symptoms of anxiety, while 43% had symptoms of depression.

Conclusion
This preliminary investigation found the Norwegian HQ to be a reliable and valid measure. Patients had more symptoms of anxiety than depression, which is in line with previous findings. Future studies may wish to evaluate the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Norwegian HQ.
EURAMET supplementary comparison on calibration of RF current monitoring probe
Authors: Şen O , Çınar M , Kriz A , Pavlíček T , Lerat J M , Wojciechowski M , Pinter B , Rodríguez M , Pythoud F 
Published: June 2021

Main text
RF current monitoring probes are commonly utilized in measurements of disturbance currents of cables without making direct conductive contact with the source conductor and without modification of its circuit. They must be calibrated by National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) or accredited calibration laboratories in accordance with international standards such as CISPR 16-1-2 or ISO 11452-4. The RF current monitor probe comparison measurements were conducted with 8 participants; five national metrology institutes (NMIs), two designated institutes (DI) and one commercial calibration laboratory at the frequencies 0.01 MHz, 0.1 MHz, 1 MHz, 10 MHz, 100 MHz, 200 MHz, 300 MHz, 400 MHz and 500 MHz in order to obtain the transfer impedance of the RF current monitoring probe. The comparison measurements started in September 2019 and were completed in June 2020.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Induced gravitational waves as a cosmological probe of the sound speed during the QCD phase transition
Authors: Abe Katsuya T. , Tada Yuichiro , Ueda Ikumi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The standard model of particle physics is known to be
intriguingly successful. However, their rich phenomena represented
by the phase transitions (PTs) have not been completely understood
yet, including the possibility of the existence of unknown dark
sectors. In this paper, we investigate the measurement of the
equation of state parameter w and the sound speed of the PT
plasma
with the use of
the gravitational waves (GWs) of the universe.
Though the propagation of GW is insensitive to in itself, the
sound speed value affects the dynamics of primordial density (or
scalar curvature) perturbations, and the induced GW by their
horizon reentry can then be an indirect probe both w and .
We numerically reveal the concrete spectrum of the predicted induced
GW with two simple examples of the scalar perturbation spectrum: the
monochromatic and scale-invariant spectra. In the monochromatic
case, we see that the resonant amplification and cancellation scales
of the induced GW depend on the values at different times
respectively. The scale-invariant case gives a more realistic
spectrum and its specific shape will be compared with observations.
In particular, the QCD phase transition corresponds with the
frequency range of the pulsar timing array (PTA) observations. If
the amplitude of primordial scalar power is in the range of
10-4 ≲ Aζ ≲ 10-2, the induced GW is
consistent with current observational constraints and detectable in
the future observation in Square Kilometer Array. Furthermore, the
recent possible detection of stochastic GWs by NANOGrav 12.5 yr
analysis [1] can be explained by the induced
GW if Aζ ∼ √(7) × 10-3.