bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UJI FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI RUMPUT LAUT Sargassum sp. DENGAN METODE PENGERINGAN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Maulana Fazirul , Asnani Asnani , Haslianti Haslianti 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Sargassum sp. is the most abundant type of seaweed from the brown algae group (Phaeophyceae) which is spread in tropical waters. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of the extract of Sargassum sp. with different drying methods. Sargassum sp. dried using room temperature (± 25ºC) for 21 days and oven (40oC) for 30 hours, then extracted using methanol. Phytochemical tests were carried out to determine the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and triterpenoids. The antioxidant activity of the seaweed extract of Sargassum sp. tested by the DPPH method (1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Phytochemical test results of the extract Sargassum sp. flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and steroids, while alkaloids and tannins were not found. The value of antioxidant activity in the methanol extract of Sargassum sp. shows a higher room temperature treatment with an IC50 value of 823.652 ppm compared to a treatment temperature of 40oC with an IC50 value of 914.1920 ppm. The drying method affects the antioxidant activity of Sargassum sp. Keywords: Sargassum sp., drying, extraction, phytochemicals, antioxidants.ABSTRAKSargassum sp. merupakan jenis rumput laut paling melimpah dari kelompok alga coklat (Phaeophyceae) yang tersebar di perairan tropis. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak Sargassum sp. dengan metode pengeringan yang berbeda. Sargassum sp. dikeringkan menggunakan suhu ruang (± 25ºC) selama 21 hari dan oven (suhu 40oC) selama 30 jam, kemudian diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol. Uji fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui keberadaan senyawa alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid pada ekstrak. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak rumput laut Sargassum sp. diuji dengan metode DPPH (1-1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Hasil uji fitokimia pada ekstrak Sargassum sp. yang dikeringkan pada suhu ruang dan suhu 40oC ditemukan adanya flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid dan steroid sedangkan alkaloid dan tannin tidak ditemukan. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak metanol Sargassum sp. menunjukan perlakuan suhu ruang lebih tinggi dengan nilai IC50 823,652 ppm dibandingkan perlakuan suhu 40oC dengan nilai IC50 914,1920 ppm. Metode pengeringan berpengaruah terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dari Sargassum sp.Kata kunci: Sargassum sp., pengeringan, ekstraksi, fitokimia, antioksidan.
Mitochondrial Mutations in Ethambutol-Induced Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Hui , Xie Yue , Xu Quan-Gang , Cao Kai , Xu Ke , Jin Zi-Bing , Li Yang , Wei Shi-Hui 
Published: October 2021

Background: Ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON) is a well-recognized ocular complication in patients who take ethambutol as a tuberculosis treatment. The aim of the current study was to investigate the presence of mitochondrial mutations, including OPA1 and Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)-mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), in patients with EON and to determine their effect on clinical features of these patients.Methods: All 47 patients underwent clinical evaluations, including best-corrected visual acuity, fundus examination, and color fundus photography; 37 patients were then followed up over time. Molecular screening methods, including PCR-based sequencing of the OPA1 gene and LHON-mtDNA mutations, together with targeted exome sequencing, were used to detect mutations.Results: We detected 15 OPA1 mutations in 18 patients and two LHON-mtDNA mutations in four patients, for an overall mutation detection rate of 46.8%. The mean presentation age was significantly younger in the patients with the mitochondrial mutations (27.5 years) than in those without mutations (48 years). Fundus examination revealed a greater prevalence of optic disc hyperemia in the patients with mutations (70.5%) than without mutations (48%). Half of the patients with mutations and 91% of the patients without mutations had improved vision. After adjusting for confounders, the logistic regression revealed that the patients with optic disc pallor on the first visit (p = 0.004) or the patients with the mitochondrial mutations (p &lt; 0.001) had a poorer vision prognosis.Conclusion: Our results indicated that carriers with OPA1 mutations might be more vulnerable for the toxicity of EMB to develop EON.
Effectiveness of Suprascapular Nerve Block in the Treatment of Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hou Yajing , Wang Yong , Sun Xiaojing , Lou Yake , Yu Ying , Zhang Tong 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP).Background: SSNB is widely used in various shoulder pains, but whether it is effective in HSP remains unknown.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched to identify potential citations. Randomized controlled trials meeting the eligible criteria were included in our analysis. The primary endpoint was Visual Analog Scale (VAS) with a maximum value of 100 and a minimum value of 0. Secondary endpoints were passive range of motion (PROM) that pain starts, and the PROM mainly included abduction, flexion, and external rotation. In addition, the upper extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) was also included in our secondary endpoints.Results: Eight studies with 281 patients were included in our analysis. For VAS, there was no obvious difference between SSNB group and control group regardless of the follow-up period (&lt;4 weeks or ≥4 weeks), which were −6.62 (−15.76, 2.53; p = 0.16) and 1.78 (−16.18, 19.74; p = 0.85). For shoulder function, the PROM of abduction, flexion, and external rotation was similar between groups. However, motor function indicator FMA is lower in SSNB control than that in control group, with a mean difference (and 95% CI) of −2.59 (−4.52, −0.66; p = 0.008).Conclusion: SSNB is an effective way for HSP patients.Systematic Review Registration: Registration ID: CRD42021252429.
Prolonged Sojourn at Very High Altitude Decreases Sea-Level Anaerobic Performance, Anaerobic Threshold, and Fat Mass
Authors: Szymczak Robert K. , Grzywacz Tomasz , Ziemann Ewa , Sawicka Magdalena , Laskowski Radosław 
Published: October 2021

Background: The influence of high altitude on an organism’s physiology depends on the length and the level of hypoxic exposure it experiences. This study aimed to determine the effect of a prolonged sojourn at very high altitudes (above 3,500m) on subsequent sea-level physical performance, body weight, body composition, and hematological parameters.Materials and Methods: Ten alpinists, nine males and one female, with a mean age of 27±4years, participated in the study. All had been on mountaineering expeditions to 7,000m peaks, where they spent 30±1days above 3,500m with their average sojourn at 4,900±60m. Their aerobic and anaerobic performance, body weight, body composition, and hematological parameters were examined at an altitude of 100m within 7days before the expeditions and 7days after they descended below 3,500m.Results: We found a significant (p&lt;0.01) decrease in maximal anaerobic power (MAPWAnT) from 9.9±1.3 to 9.2±1.3W·kg−1, total anaerobic work from 248.1±23.8 to 228.1±20.1J·kg−1, anaerobic threshold from 39.3±8.0 to 27.8±5.6 mlO2·kg−1·min−1, body fat mass from 14.0±3.1 to 11.5±3.3%, and a significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in maximal tidal volume from 3.2 [3.0–3.2] to 3.5 [3.3–3.9] L after their sojourn at very high attitude. We found no significant changes in maximal aerobic power, maximal oxygen uptake, body weight, fat-free mass, total body water, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.Conclusion: A month-long exposure to very high altitude led to impaired sea-level anaerobic performance and anaerobic threshold, increased maximal tidal volume, and depleted body fat mass, but had no effect on maximal aerobic power, maximal oxygen uptake, or hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
Analysis of the infectional profile of diabetic patients infected by COVID 19 in the period of 2020 – 2021 Análise do perfil de infecção dos pacientes diabéticos infectados pela COVID 19 no período de 2020-2021
Authors: Cavalcante Letícia Carla de Lima , Cavalcante Larissa Cristina de Lima , Coutinho Maria Vitória Menezes , De Lacerda Rebeca Montenegro , Arakaki Rodrigo de Oliveira , Da Cruz Cristiane Monteiro 
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 disease has as its etiological agent the SARS-CoV-2, a RNA virus that causes severe respiratory syndrome. Diabetes mellitus is one of the significant risk factors for COVID-19 due to the weakened immune response of these patients and widely distribution of ACE2 in diferent organs. ACE2 is a receptor that antagonizes the RAS system, and is related to the clinical symptoms of COVID 19 .Its expression in the islet cells and exocrine pancreas suggest the susceptibility for SARS-CoV 2 infection in diabetic patients. This stydy analyses the infeccional profile of diabetic patients infeccted by COVID-19 in the city of Maceió. A research was performed in the year of 2020-2021 in english idiom in the database PubMed using the descriptors “ACE receptor” AND “Covid”, “Covid” AND “Diabetes” AND “ ACE receptor” .The criteria of inclusion and exclusion established was the relevance and approach based on the theme to be discussed.It was collected data about confirmed deaths by Covid 19 according to preexisting comorbidities in the city of Maceió – AL shown in the graphics , expressing an average mortality among patients infected by Covid and preexisting Diabetes Mellitus. This study shows a reduction in the percentage of mortality in diabetic patients infected by Covid-19 seen in view of the adoption of measures to restrict the spread of the virus, reducing the numbers of infecion, especially the risk group, in addition to the vaccination campaign which culminated in positive results to the reduction in the mortality in infected diabetics.
El proceso de producción y distribución de la pitahaya en Manabí para su exportación directa / The process of production and distribution of the pitahaya in Manabí for its direct export
Authors: Mella Rogelio Pedro Suárez , Zambrano María Fernanda Gilces , Vélez Andrea Michele Menéndez , Morales Kleber Ferrin 
Published: October 2021

En la empresa Pitakawsay, productora de pitahaya roja en el cantón Rocafuerte perteneciente a la provincia de Manabí, se determinó a través de esta investigación que esta entidad comercializa su producto a compradores mayoristas y minoristas, y siendo una fruta exportable, no lo hace de manera directa, de ahí que el objetivo de este trabajo radica en analizar el proceso de producción de la Pitajaya de la empresa para su distribución directa a clientes. Partiendo de una entrevista al gerente general y la aplicación de encuestas a los colaboradores, los investigadores logran introducirse en el proceso de producción de la fruta, conformando un marco teórico referencial sustentado en una adecuada revisión bibliográfica sobre el cultivo y la comercialización de la Pitahaya y el estudio de sus mercados actuales y potenciales y los requerimientos de calidad con sus estándares internacionales. El proceso científico metodológico continua con el mapeo del proceso de producción para facilitar visualización de estos dentro de las instalaciones de la empresa, también se elabora el mapa de comercialización para su uso adecuado por el área administrativa. A través de un análisis de ingresos y gastos de la empresa Pitakawsay se determina la es factibilidad de la propuesta de instalación de una empacadora en sus instalaciones, ya que no solo beneficiaría la venta a sus clientes mayoristas, sino que podría convertirse en exportador directo de la fruta.
A qualidade da iluminação do ambiente de trabalho hospitalar como fator de desempenho de profissionais da saúde / The quality of lighting in the hospital work environment as a factor in the performance of health professionals
Authors: De Lazari Tatiane Aparecida , Da Silva Diego Ajala , Cardoso Dionatan A. Santos , Soares Wesley Gonçalves Pereira , Martinez Graziela Luiz Franco 
Published: October 2021

A iluminação artificial e natural de hospitais é fundamental para o correto desempenho da atividade laboral e recuperação dos pacientes. No ambiente hospitalar a questão da iluminação deve ser atendida adequadamente em todas as alas de atendimento, uma vez que a visualização auxilia no correto diagnóstico, procedimento cirúrgico, leitura e interpretação de resultados de análises laboratoriais e consequentemente de posologias medicamentosas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar por meio da técnica de luminotécnica a adequação dos índices de iluminância de um hospital localizado no estado de Rondônia, o qual baseou-se na realização de visita in loco e avaliação dos índices de iluminância de diferentes setores hospitalar com o auxílio de um luxímetro. Em comparação com a norma NBR 8995:2013, que trata de valores para cada tipo de ambiente, podemos identificar pontos estudados fora dos valores ótimos estabelecidos pela norma vigente, sendo estes, o posto de enfermagem da ala de ortopedia, sala de triagem, atendimento odontológico e de dispensação de medicamentos. Contudo novas averiguações devem ser realizadas para que se tenha um fator conclusivo, pois existem algumas variáveis como clima, horário, a inativação de algumas lâmpadas, obstrução de janelas e as condições de manutenção e tempo de uso das luminárias que devem ser avaliadas e correlacionadas.
BƯỚC ĐẦU TÌM HIỂU VỀ CÁC LỖI THƯỜNG GẶP KHI HỌC TIẾNG HÀN QUỐC CỦA SINH VIÊN TRƯỜNG NGOẠI NGỮ - ĐẠI HỌC THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Anh Trần Ngọc 
Published: October 2021

Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích tìm hiểu khái quát về những lỗi cơ bản trong quá trình học tiếng Hàn Quốc của sinh viên trường Ngoại ngữ - Đại học Thái Nguyên. Cụ thể nghiên cứu phân tích và điều tra về tỉ lệ mắc lỗi đối với việc học tiếng Hàn Quốc của sinh viên. Đối tượng nghiên cứu bao gồm 120 sinh viên theo học chuyên ngành tiếng Hàn Quốc của trường. Các công cụ thu thập dữ liệu dựa theo các học phần tiếng Hàn trong chương trình đào tạo, các kết quả học tập, các bài kiểm tra, các kĩ năng thực hành ngôn ngữ trong quá trình học tập và rèn luyện của năm học 2020-2021. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hầu hết sinh viên thường gặp phải nhiều lỗi cơ bản khác nhau tùy theo từng học phần, từng giai đoạn đắc thụ ngôn ngữ. Đồng thời các lỗi sinh viên mắc phải cũng chiếm tỉ lệ khác nhau, trong đó lỗi không biến âm chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất 78,9%, lỗi hình thức soạn thảo văn bản khi biên dịch chiếm tỉ lệ thấp 8,8%. Thêm vào đó nghiên cứu cũng chỉ ra các lỗi sai cơ bản thông qua các ví dụ tiêu biểu, điển hình trong quá trình học tiếng Hàn Quốc. Nghiên cứu này không những là một nguồn tài liệu tham khảo hữu ích cho các giáo viên tiếng Hàn quan tâm đến việc tìm hiểu về các lỗi sai mà còn giúp sinh viên có thể tìm ra được hướng khắc phục phù hợp nhằm học tiếng Hàn Quốc dễ dàng và thuận tiện hơn.
Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis in Occupationally High-Risk Groups in Three Different Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Aman , Ali Hamaad , Niaz Falak , Khan Muhammad Umair , Zeb Muhammad Asif , Rehman Noor 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease in Pakistan, but it causes immense impact on livestock and public health. This study was done to determine the prevalence of Brucellosis in occupationally high-risk groups encompassing butchers, milkers, and cattle caretakers in district Swabi, Mardan, and Peshawar of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 blood samples were collected through a non-probability purposive sampling technique from occupationally high-risk groups including butchers, milkers, and cattle caretakers at district Swabi, Mardan, and Peshawar from December 1, 2017, to March 31, 2018. All the blood samples were centrifuged and the serum was separated for further testing. Serum agglutination test was used for the detection of Brucellosis and the reagents used for this method were purchased from Biosciences PTE Ltd, Singapore.
Results: Out of 300 blood samples, 111 samples were positive and the overall prevalence of Brucellosis was 37% in occupationally high-risk groups. The overall 37% prevalence of Brucellosis comprised of 70% of B. abortus, 21.6% of B. melitensis, and 8.1% of both B. abortus and B. melitensis simultaneously. The prevalence of Brucellosis in butchers was 27.6%, milkers 13.3%, and cattle caretakers 45.7% while prevalence in males was 33% and in females 39.6%. The prevalence of Brucellosis in district Swabi was 45%, Mardan 33.3%, and Peshawar 30%. The socio demographic factors including age group, occupation, and locality showed statistically significant results.
Conclusion: The prevalence of Brucellosis is considerably higher in occupationally high-risk groups in district Swabi, Mardan, and Peshawar, Pakistan.
Parotidectomy and Facial Paralysis, A Retrospective Review at A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Israr ud Din  , Junaid Muhammad , Khan Imran , Aziz Arshad , Khan Sakhawat , Afridi Aafia , Ihtisham ul Haq  
Published: October 2021

Background: Facial Nerve is in close proximity with parotid gland and encountered during parotid surgery. Facial nerve paralysis has 15 to 66% occurrence rate after parotidectomies. The objective of this study was to find out the frequency of facial paralysis resulting from superficial or total parotidectomies done for various parotid tumors.
Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of ENT, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from January 2018 to May 2020. A total of 203 patients were reviewed for data on demographics, parotidectomies, histopathology and facial paralysis. The information on facial paralysis was compared against various parameters.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 46.12 ± 11.11 years. The most common parotid tumor was pleomorphic adenoma (68.9%) followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma. 57 (28.07%) patients showed facial paralysis with a higher rate of occurrence in total parotidectomy (40.90%). Among 57 patients with facial paralysis, 6 (10.53%) showed permanent facial paralysis.
Conclusion: Tendency of permanent facial paralysis is high with total parotidectomies. Female population and elderly have a slightly higher rate of facial paralysis. The duration of procedure has no effect on the occurrence of facial paralysis.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN KABUPATEN TORAJA UTARA TAHUN 2017-2018
Authors: Tahirs Jemi Pabisangan 
Published: October 2021

Pengelolaan keuangan daerah adalah bagian dari sistem pengelolaan keuangan Negara. Pemerintah Daerah dalam mengelola keuangan daerah dituntut menggunakan keuangan daerah secara efisien penggunaanya sesuai kebutuhan. Keuangan Daerah merupakan salah satu indikator dalam mengukur kemampuan daerah dalam melaksanakan otonomi dan upaya mendapatkan dana dan penggunaannya sesuai potensi yang dimiliki daerah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Toraja Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rumus: Rasio Kemandirian Keungan Daerah, Rasio Efektifitas PAD, Rasio Efisiensi Keuangan Daerah, Rasio Aktivitas, dan Rasio Pertumbuhan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Kinerja Keuangan BPKAD Kabupaten Toraja Utara dilihat dari Rasio Kemandirian keuangan daerah masih rendah yang berarti bahwa peran pemerintah pusat lebih dominan daripada kemendirian pemerintah daerah, Rasio Efektivitas PAD masih tergolong belum efektif yang menandakan pencapaian penerimaan PAD tidak sesuai dengan yang ditargetkan, Rasio Efisieansi Keuangan Daerah masih tergolong belum efisien, Rasio Aktivitas Belanja Operasi tergolong baik sedangkan Rasio Belanja Modal tergolong belum baik artinya pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Toraja Utara masih mengalokasikan sebagian besar belanjanya pada belanja operasi, Rasio Pertumbuhan Pendapatan menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang masih tergolong rendah yaitu di bawah 12,98%.
Selling Time Strategy dan Dampaknya terhadap Kesejahteraan Petani Garam
Authors: Syam AR M. Munir , Kwartatmono Djoko Nestri 
Published: October 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor yang mendorong petani garam untuk menjual garam pasca panen/pungut secara langsung atau tidak langsung dan menganalisis dampak penerapan strategi tersebut terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan petani garam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Karanganyar, Kec. Kalianget, Kab. Sumenep. Objek dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada produk garam. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah snowball sampling dengan informan yang berasal dari petani garam dari desa Karanganyar. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, dokumentasi dan indepth interview secara langsung kepada informan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat faktor yang mempengaruhi petani garam dalam menerapkan strategi penjualan langsung atau tidak langsung yaitu harga garam, kebutuhan, kuantitas hasil produksi, dan gudang penyimpanan. Ketika harga garam mahal maka petani garam akan menggunakan strategi penjualan langsung. sebaliknya, ketika harga turun petani kecil tidak memiliki pilihan strategi selain menjual langsung tetapi petani dengan skala besar lebih fleksibel.Kata Kunci: Garam, Kesejahteraan, Strategi AbstractThis study aims to explore the drivinf factors of salt farmers to sell salt directly or indirectly and analyze the impact of implementing this strategy on the welfare level of salt farmers. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This research was conducted in Karanganyar Village, Kalianget, Sumenep district.. The object of this study is focused on salt products. The sampling technique used snowball sampling with informants who came from salt farmers from Karanganyar village. Data obtained through observation, documentation and in-depth interviews with informants. The results of this study indicate that there are four factors that influence salt farmers in implementing direct or indirect sales strategies, namely the price of salt, needs, quantity of production, and warehouse. When the price of salt is high, salt farmers will use a direct selling strategy. otherwise when prices fall small farmers have no choice of strategy other than selling directly but large scale farmers are more flexible.Keywords: Salt, Welfare, Strategy