bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residential Differences and Depression Among Older Adults With Dual Sensory Loss
Authors: Wang Ethan B. , Garcia Morales Emmanuel E. , Gross Alden L. , Lin Frank R. , Reed Nicholas S. , Deal Jennifer A. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceInvestigating rural-urban and regional differences in the association between dual sensory loss (concurrent hearing and vision loss) and depression may highlight gaps in sensory loss research and health care services, and by socioeconomic status. Whether urbanicity and region may modify associations between sensory loss and depression is unknown.ObjectiveTo describe the rural-urban and regional differences in the association of dual sensory loss with depression among older adults.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used data from wave 1 (April 2017-December 2019) of the population-based Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI). Participants were recruited from 35 states and union territories in India. LASI incorporated a multistage stratified area probability cluster sampling design to recruit participants 45 years and older and their spouses; 31 447 eligible participants 60 years of age or older were interviewed. Data analyses were conducted from May 17, 2022, to November 11, 2023.ExposuresSensory loss (no sensory loss, hearing loss only, vision loss only, and dual sensory loss) was determined by respondents’ self-reported perceived difficulty regarding hearing and vision function.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-SF) scale was used to identify major episodic depression. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs of depression comparing participants with vs without sensory loss, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates. Rural-urban and regional differences were assessed by including interaction terms between these variables and sensory loss.ResultsThe study analysis included 27 927 participants (mean [SD] age, 68.0 [7.2] years; 14 477 [51%] females and 13 450 [49%] males). The fully adjusted models showed that the odds of depression with dual sensory loss (vs no loss) was higher in urban (OR, 3.16; 95% CI, 2.00-4.99) vs rural (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.31-2.29) residents and among residents in the West (OR, 5.10; 95% CI, 1.74-14.97) vs North (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.81-2.35) regions.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings indicate that sensory loss is associated with depression in older adults, with differences by urbanicity and region. Adults with sensory loss across multiple systems may be an important group to target for intervention.
Electron Distribution Regulation of Nanoparticle Assembled Hollow Structured Fe3O4@ZnFe2O4@NC/Mo2TiC2Tx for High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Guan Xiaohui , Zhang Jiqing , Zhu Enze , Li Ruotong , Yang Liu , Liu Bao , Zhang Haifeng , Yin Penggang , Wang Guangsheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExploring advanced high‐performance electrode materials for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) is of enormous significance for the development and commercial application of AZIBs. Herein, nanoparticle assemble hollow structured Fe3O4@ZnFe2O4@NC/Mo2TiC2Tx with excellent specific capacity and cycling performance is fabricated via a designed method, and an advanced strategy is First proposed to modulate charge storage performance. The superior specific capacity can be attributed to the enhanced electrochemical activity and reversibility, which are mainly achieved by in situ Zn adulteration to trigger the electron redistribution between Fe, Zn, and O atoms. Additionally, the unique structure and multiple components can provide plentiful active sites, ameliorating the affinity between electrode and electrolyte and facilitating electrochemical kinetics. The great cycling performance can be ascribed to the improved structural stability by loading two robust substrates of intimately coated carbon and MXene. Fe3O4@ZnFe2O4@NC/Mo2TiC2Tx renders a distinctly higher specific capacity (364.4 mAh·g−1) than that of Fe2O3 (92.2 mAh·g−1), Fe3O4@NC (211.2 mAh·g−1), and Fe3O4@ZnFe2O4@NC (276.8 mAh·g−1), as well as excellent cycling stability of 86.2% capacity retention over 1000 cycles. Moreover, the charge storage mechanism of the new electrode and the effects of structure and composition regulation are revealed by characterizations and computations.
Unidirectional Bias‐Switchable Dual‐Mode Organic Photodetectors Enables Secure Communication and Gesture Simulation
Authors: Jiang Haijun , Hu Yuanhong , Jiang Haohong , Wei Tongzhou , Wang Ke , Chen Lixiang , Zhang Qiaoming , Lei Yanlian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe development of dual‐mode organic photodetectors (OPDs) greatly improves its functionality by enabling selective spectral detection. This study presents a unidirectional bias‐switchable dual‐mode OPD that leverages selective carrier extraction through the manipulation of light field distributions and non‐equilibrium transport dynamics. This dual‐mode OPD features a simple single‐layer structure, allowing for straightforward one‐sided light incidence and without the need for voltage polarity switching. By optimizing the blend of poly(4‐butyl‐phenyl‐diphenyl‐amine) and non‐fullerene acceptor Y6, the device achieves efficient single‐band detection of ultraviolet (UV) light at low bias and dual‐band detection of UV and near‐infrared light at high bias. This versatility not only streamlines device architecture but also facilitates secure optical communication and gesture simulation, making it a valuable tool for advancing organic optoelectronics. The proposed strategy demonstrates universal applicability, paving the way for enhanced security and functionality in digital communication systems.
Next‐Generation Materials for Multifunctional Applications: Design Progress and Prospects of 2D MXene‐Enabled Hybrid Architectures
Authors: Alam Md. Rubel , Gharami Mitu , Dev Barshan , Rahman Md Ashikur , Islam Tarikul 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe rapid development and widespread use of smart, portable, high‐bandwidth wearable, and flexible electronic devices have led to an equivocally increased demand for multifunctional nanomaterials. The intriguing nature of the unique layered structure, chemical diversity, and outstanding physiochemical behaviors of 2D MXenes (transition metal carbides/nitrides)‐based hybrid architectures with other low‐dimensional materials can open a new doorfor multifunctional applications. Achieving high performance with MXenes, such as Ti3C2Tx, often requires a large quantity of material, which can be impractical, and hybrid compositions can alleviate this issue quickly. So, combining MXenes with other low‐dimensional materials to form hybrid architectures can offer novel solutions with increased physical, mechanical, chemical, and electrochemical properties. However, practical and large‐scale applications of these hybrid architectures, especially for targeted applications, still need to be explored. This comprehensive study reviews the design progress and prospects of 2D MXene‐enabled hybrid structures, focusing on combinations with graphene, carbon nanotubes, polyaniline, boron, silicon, and metal oxides. It also explores multifunctional applications, including wearable electronic devices, intelligent tunable sensors, new energy electrodes, and biomedical applications. Additionally, it offers a critical discussion (architectures–properties–applications), identifies research gaps, and provides pressing challenges with solutions for the frontier applications of 2D MXene‐enabled hybrid architectures.
Delayed Postoperative Radiotherapy in Head & Neck Cancers—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Villemure‐Poliquin Noémie , Fu Rui , Gaebe Karolina , Kwon Jin , Cohen Marc , Ruel Marianne , Ayoo Kennedy , Bayley Andrew , Galapin Madette , Hallet Julie , Eskander Antoine 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of delayed postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) on overall survival (OS) in patients with head and neck cancers (HNC).Data SourcesA systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted by searching MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases.Review MethodsStudies assessing the impact of delayed PORT in adult HNC patients were included. A total of 11,171 titles and abstracts were screened, with 52 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted, and a pooled random‐effects analysis was performed. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), comparing patients receiving timely PORT (within 42 days) to those with delays.ResultsOf the included studies, 31 were conducted in the United States, with 16 using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Patients who did not receive PORT within 42 days had a 4% increase in mortality (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR]: 1.04 [1.03–1.06]; I2 = 78%; N = 254,189; 16 studies). Excluding time‐overlapping NCDB‐based studies, the OS benefit for timely treatment persisted (aHR: 1.10 [1.01–1.20]; I2 = 39%; N = 52,003; 5 studies).ConclusionsInitiating PORT within 42 days is significantly associated with decreased mortality in HNC patients, reinforcing CoC recommendations. However, more research is needed to understand the relationship between different time cutoffs and outcomes, and to identify factors contributing to PORT delays. Future studies should explore the impact of treatment delays on patient‐centered outcomes, such as Quality of Life (QoL).Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2025
Empowering Elementary Preservice Science Teachers: Harnessing Diverse Language Resources in the Practice of Modeling
Authors: Fackler Ayça K. , Harman Ruth M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecent research has focused on innovative instructional shifts that aim to expand what constitutes science and engineering practices, exploring also how they can build on students' diverse language resources in science learning. However, few studies explore the intersections of elementary teacher preparation and the implementation of science and engineering practices through expansive and asset‐based approaches to language use. Through a qualitative case study conducted within a science methods course at a research university in the southeastern part of the United States, elementary preservice science teachers were positioned as agentive learners, engaging in modeling practices while leveraging their diverse language resources. Using multimodal interaction analysis (MIA), our study examined the meaning‐making processes of elementary preservice science teachers in the practice of modeling. Findings revealed three themes related to how the preservice science teachers engaged with diverse semiotic resources: (1) their use of physical manipulatives and other multimodal resources to develop meanings during the initial stages of model development, where they experimented with different ways to represent their understanding; (2) their ongoing reliance on multimodal and linguistic resources for refining and solidifying meanings as the model became more complex and comprehensive throughout the modeling process; and (3) their use of these meanings to interpret and engage with science texts. Implications include the importance of providing elementary preservice science teachers with professional learning opportunities that align with the envisioned science learning experiences of their future students, thus fostering equitable science teaching and learning with models and modeling.
Functional poly(ionic liquid) with unique zwitterionic structure as efficient catalyst for the conversion of ethylene carbonate to dimethyl carbonate
Authors: Qi Zhaoyang , Zhang Fuying , Su Huiyun , Ye Changshen , Wang Qinglian , Qiu Ting , Chen Jie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an important chemical raw material extensively used in organic synthesis, lithium‐ion battery electrolytes, etc. The primary method for industrial synthesis of DMC involves transesterification between ethylene carbonate and MeOH but faces issues with difficult catalyst separation and low catalytic activity. Based on the synergistic catalytic activity of cation and anion, this study develops poly(ionic liquid)s of [NXPIL][PHO] and [N3PIL][Y] with varying alkaline sites and alkalinity levels. This is accomplished by constructing functional polymer monomers containing free radical polymerization sites and nitrogen‐containing alkaline groups, and by polymerizing them with suitable cross‐linking monomers in a specific ratio before exchanging the resulting polymers with different anions. Results show that doping with nitrogen‐containing alkaline groups leads to enhanced basic functional sites while appropriate anions provide intensified alkalinity levels. The [N3PIL][PHO] obtained exhibits superior catalytic activity in transesterification synthesis of DMC, with a yield of 91.43% and selectivity of 99.96% at a reaction time of 2 h. The study also investigates the impact of poly(ionic liquid) cationic structure and anion types, as well as their interactions, on catalytic performance. The findings reveal that the catalytic activity of poly(ionic liquid) is restricted by the interactions between cation and anion. Based on these findings, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed, providing theoretical support for the high‐efficiency production of DMC.
Incidence and Management of Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis in Pancreatic Diseases
Authors: Borbély Ruben Zsolt , Teutsch Brigitta , Hegyi Péter 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSplanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) in pancreatic disease has a 20%–30% incidence rate, leading to increased mortality and complication rates. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize recent evidence about the incidence, risk factors, and management of pancreatic cancer, pancreatic cystic neoplasm‐, and pancreatitis‐related SVT. Doppler ultrasound should be the first imaging choice, followed by contrast‐enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Data regarding SVT treatment in acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer are scarce; however, for venous thromboembolism treatment, direct oral anticoagulants and low molecular weight heparin have been effective. Further trials must investigate the length of anticoagulant treatment and the need for interventional radiological procedures.
How Knowledge Matters
Authors: Surma Tim , Vanhees Claudio , Wils Michiel , Nijlunsing Jasper , Crato Nuno , Hattie John , Muijs Daniel , Rata Elizabeth , Wiliam Dylan , Kirschner Paul A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe, in education, all have a common aim: We want students to be able to think deeply about what we teach them, go beyond their current experiences, and have a deep understanding of the world. We want to enable them to think critically, work together, solve problems, read for understanding, and carry out complex cognitive tasks. If we want students to be able to do all this, we should just include itt in the curriculum and teach them, right? In this chapter, we discuss why this apparently obvious strategy of simply teaching children how to think deeply does not work, and offer an alternative way forward. This chapter discusses the prominent role of knowledge in how we learn, think, read, understand, and solve problems. Insights from cognitive and educational psychology, sociology, and curriculum studies are used to underpin the current knowledge revival that is widely being observed in education.
From Values to Practice: Evaluating the Intention of Indian MSMEs to Adopt Sustainable Business Practices
Authors: Mehta Minu , Chatterjee Boishampayan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere are around 634000 MSMEs in India in 2024, of which 90% come under the micro category. MSMEs account for 25% of the total energy consumed by industries in India and so are critical to India’s attempts to adopt sustainable business practices. Of late, there has been a heightened interest in this sector towards the adoption of sustainable practices related to the environment, social and governance (ESG) parameters. There is a growing realization that of ESG alignment can be the next big factor offering positive differentiation to Indian MSMEs, in addition to low labour cost and demographic advantage. The authors found academic research centered around the obstacles or enablers that influence adoption of sustainable practices in MSME businesses and identified the need to study the factors that could influence the intention of MSMEs to adopt or reject pro-sustainability practices. A conceptual model was developed to understand the factors that influence the intention and through it, the decision-making behavior of MSME entrepreneurs and business persons. The model shows a two-tiered relationship, firstly, between the four core parameters, namely, Performance Benefits, Effort Assessment, Enabling Conditions and Social Pressure and intention, and secondly, between the influence of three moderating factors (Sector, Turnover and Location), on the four core parameters.
Integrated Approach to Internationalization in Higher Education
Authors: Köhle Ivan , Birkenmeier Beat 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn order to achieve long-term and sustainable success as a company, international markets must be taken into consideration. Universities of Applied Sciences are therefore called upon to take international management topics into account in their curricula. The first part of this chapter documents the results of a study that analyzed the extent to which the business faculties of Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences meet this requirement in their bachelor’s degree courses. This part is based on an analysis of publicly accessible module descriptions of the business administration curricula. The results show that three patterns can be recognized: A first group of Universities of Applied Sciences tackle the issue of internationalization by providing degree programs in English with a clear international focus. A second group of universities does not offer a bachelor’s degree entirely in English, but offer a significant number of modules related to internationalization, including “compulsory modules”, “compulsory elective modules (specialization)”, and “other compulsory elective modules. And a third group of universities have no or very few modules with a clear reference to internationalization. In a second part of the paper, the integrated approach of the Internationalization Cube, which was implemented at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW) and its impact is presented.
Neutrino nonstandard interactions and lepton flavor universality violation at SND@LHC via charm production
Authors: Bhattacharya Bhubanjyoti , Datta Alakabha , Graverini Elena , Mukherjee Lopamudra , Sachdeva Divya , Waite John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this work, we explore the effect of neutrino nonstandard interactions (NSI) involving the charm quark at SND@LHC. Using an effective description of new physics in terms of four-fermion operators involving a charm quark, we constrain the Wilson coefficients of the effective interaction from two and three-body charmed meson decays. In our fit, we include charmed meson decays not only to pseudoscalar final states but also to vector final states and include decays to the η and η′ final states. We also consider constraints from charmed baryon decays. We then study the effect of new physics in neutrino scattering processes, involving charm production at SND@LHC, for various benchmark new physics couplings obtained from the low energy fits. Finally, we also study the effects of lepton universality violation (LUV) assuming that the new physics coupling is not lepton universal.
Dark photon pair production via off-shell dark Higgs at FASER
Authors: Araki Takeshi , Asai Kento , Nakashima Yohei , Shimomura Takashi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider a dark photon model in which the dark U(1) gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken by a vacuum expectation value of a new scalar boson. We focus on the ForwArd Search ExpeRiment (FASER) and calculate its sensitivity to the dark photon produced from the off-shell decay of the new scalar boson. It is found that the off-shell production extends the sensitivity region beyond the kinematical threshold of the on-shell decay of the scalar boson, and that the sensitivity region can be spanned to unexplored region. We also show the parameter space in which perturbative calculation is valid for the unitarity of an S matrix.
Radiative corrections to the R and R2 invariants from torsion fluctuations on maximally symmetric spaces
Authors: Martini Riccardo , Paci Gregorio , Sauro Dario 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We derive the runnings of the R and R2 operators that stem from integrating out quantum torsion fluctuations on a maximally symmetric Euclidean background, while treating the metric as a classical field. Our analysis is performed in a manifestly covariant way, exploiting both the recently-introduced spin-parity decomposition of torsion perturbations and the heat kernel technique. The Lagrangian we start with is the most general one for 1-loop computations on maximally symmetric backgrounds involving kinetic terms and couplings to the scalar curvature that is compatible with a gauge-like symmetry for the torsion. The latter removes the twice-longitudinal vector mode from the spectrum, and it yields operators of maximum rank four. We also examine the conditions required to avoid ghost instabilities and ensure the validity of our assumption to neglect metric quantum fluctuations, demonstrating the compatibility between these two assumptions. Then, we use our findings in the context of Starobinsky’s inflation to calculate the contributions from the torsion tensor to the β-function of the R2 term. While this result is quantitatively reliable only at the 0-th order in the slow-roll parameters or during the very early stages of inflation — due to the background choice — it qualitatively illustrates how to incorporate quantum effects of torsion in the path integral formalism.
Moduli spaces in CFT: bootstrap equation in a perturbative example
Authors: Cuomo Gabriel , Rastelli Leonardo , Sharon Adar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Conformal field theories that exhibit spontaneous breaking of conformal symmetry (a moduli space of vacua) must satisfy a set of bootstrap constraints, involving the usual data (scaling dimensions and OPE coefficients) as well as new data such as the spectrum of asymptotic states in the broken vacuum and form factors. The simplest bootstrap equation arises by expanding a two-point function of local operators in two channels, at short distance using the OPE and at large distance using the EFT in the broken vacuum. We illustrate this equation in what is arguably the simplest perturbative model that exhibits conformal symmetry breaking, namely the real ABC model in d = 4 − ϵ dimensions. We investigate the convergence properties of the bootstrap equation and check explicitly many of the non-trivial relations that it imposes on theory data.
Torus reduction of maximal conformal supergravity
Authors: Ciceri Franz , Kleinschmidt Axel , Murugesan Subrabalan , Sahoo Bindusar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider the dimensional reduction of N = (2, 0) conformal supergravity in six dimensions on a two-torus to N = 4 conformal supergravity in four dimensions. At the level of kinematics, the six-dimensional Weyl multiplet is shown to reduce to a mixture of the N = 4 Weyl and vector multiplets, which can be reinterpreted as a new off-shell multiplet of N = 4 conformal supergravity. Similar multiplets have been constructed in other settings and are referred to as dilaton Weyl multiplets. We derive it here for the first time in a maximally supersymmetric context in four dimensions. Furthermore, we present the non-linear relations between all the six- and four-dimensional bosonic and fermionic fields, that are obtained by comparing the off-shell supersymmetry transformation rules.