bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfusion Flow Enhances Viability and Migratory Phenotype in 3D-Cultured Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Pasini Alice , Lovecchio Joseph , Cortesi Marilisa , Liverani Chiara , Spadazzi Chiara , Mercatali Laura , Ibrahim Toni , Giordano Emanuele 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConventional 2D cell culture, a traditional tool in pre-clinical studies, can hardly be regarded as a representation of a natural cell microenvironment. In this respect, it might result in altered cellular behaviors. To overcome such a limitation, different approaches have been tested to conduct more representative in vitro studies. In particular, the use of 3D cell culture introduces variables, such as cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions; cell features such as survival, proliferation and migration are consequently influenced. For an example, an enhanced drug resistance and increased invasiveness are shown by cancer cells when cultured in 3D versus 2D conventional culture models. In this setting however, non-uniform cell distribution and biological behaviors appear throughout the scaffold, due to reduced diffusion of oxygen and nutrients. Perfusion in bioreactor systems can be used to improve medium transport. In this line of reasoning, this study proposes a breast cancer cell culture model sustained by an integrated approach that couples a 3D environment and a fluid perfusion. This model improves viability and uniformness of cell distribution, while inducing morphological, functional and molecular cancer cell remodeling.
A farm systems approach to the adoption of sustainable nitrogen management practices in California
Authors: Rudnick Jessica , Lubell Mark , Khalsa Sat Darshan S. , Tatge Stephanie , Wood Liza , Sears Molly , Brown Patrick H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractImproving nitrogen (N) fertilizer management in agricultural systems is critical to meeting environmental goals while maintaining economically viable and productive food systems. This paper applies a farm systems framework to analyze how adoption of N management practices is related to different farming operation characteristics and the extent to which fertilizer, soil and irrigation practices are related to each other. We develop a multivariate probit regression model to analyze the interdependency of these adoption behaviors from 966 farmers across three watersheds and diverse cropping systems in the Central Valley of California. Our analysis demonstrates that farmers adopt varying combinations or portfolios of practices, with the most common portfolio featuring a core set of fertilizer-focused practices. Irrigation infrastructure is an especially important farm operation characteristic for encouraging adoption of innovative practice portfolios that integrate water and fertilizer management. These findings highlight the ability for a farm systems approach to improve our understanding of farmer decision-making across diverse agricultural landscapes.
A Systematic Review of Self-Report Measures of Negative Self-Referential Emotions Developed for Non-Clinical Child and Adolescent Samples
Authors: Ashra Hajra , Barnes Christopher , Stupple Edward , Maratos Frances A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe crisis in child and adolescent mental health and wellbeing has prompted the development of school and community-based interventions to tackle negative emotions towards the self. Providing an evidence-base for such interventions is therefore a priority for policy makers and practitioners. This paper presents the first systematic review of self-referential and self-report measures of negative emotions for use with non-clinical child/adolescent populations, and evaluation of their psychometric properties. A systematic search of electronic databases and grey literature was conducted. Peer reviewed articles that introduced a new measure or included psychometric evaluation of a negative self-referential emotion for children and/or adolescents were identified. Study characteristics were extracted, and psychometric properties rated using internationally recognised quality criteria. Initially, 98 measures designed for evaluating children and adolescents’ negative self-referential emotions were found. Measures were primarily excluded if they were intended for clinical diagnosis or did not focus on self-referential emotions. The remaining eight measures (Brief Shame and Guilt Questionnaire; Self-Consciousness Scale-Children; Shame and Guilt Scale for Adolescents; Test of Self-Conscious Affect- Adolescents; The Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale [CAPS]; Child and Adolescent Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale Revised; Children Automatic Thoughts Scale [CATS]; Negative Affect Self-Statement Questionnaire) were organised into domains consisting of self-conscious emotions, self-oriented perfectionism and negative self-cognitions. Psychometric quality ratings identified the CAPS (Flett et al. in J Psychoeduc Assess 34:634–652, 2016) and the CATS (Schniering and Rapee in Behav Res Ther 40:1091–1109, 2002) as having the strongest psychometric qualities. However, all reviewed measures lacked full evaluation of essential psychometric properties. Our review revealed a paucity of self-referential emotional measures suitable for assessing adverse negative self-referential emotions in general child and adolescent populations. Measures suitable for use in non-clinical samples were identified, but these require further evaluation and/or new scale developments are needed. The psychometric findings and methodological issues identified will guide researchers and practitioners to make evidence-based decisions in order to select optimal measures.
Religiosity and Fertility Intentions: Can the Gender Regime Explain Cross-Country Differences?
Authors: Bein Christoph , Gauthier Anne H. , Mynarska Monika 
Published: February 2021

AbstractResearch on the relationship between religiosity and fertility intentions revealed substantial cross-national differences. In some countries, a strong and positive effect of religiosity on fertility intentions was found, while in others, the effect was weaker or not significant, and the reasons underlying these cross-national differences are still unclear. The aim of this article is to explain these macro-level differences from the perspective of the prevailing gender regime. We argue that in countries with more traditional regimes, a stronger effect of religiosity on fertility intentions could be expected than in countries with a more egalitarian view. We make use of the first wave of the Generations and Gender Survey and incorporate data from a total of 12 European countries in our analysis. We examine the influence of gender regime according to various macro-level indicators on gender attitudes and gender equality using meta-regression analyses. We also conduct robustness checks using other indicators such as the Gender Development Index. Our results reveal that the gender regime is only able to explain these differences in certain situations, specifically those relating to the long-term fertility intentions of men.
Reflective Situated Normativity
Authors: van den Herik Jasper C. , Rietveld Erik 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSituated normativity is the ability of skilled individuals to distinguish better from worse, adequate from inadequate, appropriate from inappropriate, or correct from incorrect in the context of a particular situation. Situated normativity consists in a situated appreciation expressed in normative behaviour, and can be experienced as a bodily affective tension that motivates a skilled individual to act on particular possibilities for action offered by a concrete situation. The concept of situated normativity has so far primarily been discussed in the context of skilled unreflective action. In this paper, we aim to explore and sketch the role of the concept of situated normativity in characterising more reflective forms of normativity. The goal of the paper is two-fold: first, by showing more reflective forms of normativity to be continuous with unreflective situated normativity, we bring these reflective forms into the reach of embodied accounts of cognition; and second, by extending the concept of situated normativity, new light is thrown on questions regarding reflective forms of cognition. We show that sociomaterial aspects of situations are crucial for understanding more reflective forms of normativity. We also shed light on the important question of how explicit rules can compel people to behave in particular ways.
OsNAC109 regulates senescence, growth and development by altering the expression of senescence- and phytohormone-associated genes in rice
Authors: Li Liangjian , He Yan , Zhang Zhihong , Shi Yongfeng , Zhang Xiaobo , Xu Xia , Wu Jian-li , Tang Shaoqing 
Published: February 2021

AbstractKey messageWe demonstrate that OsNAC109 regulates senescence, growth and development via binding to the cis-element CNTCSSNNSCAVG and altering the expression of multiple senescence- and hormone-associated genes in rice.AbstractThe NAC family is one of the largest transcripton factor families in plants and plays an essential role in plant development, leaf senescence and responses to biotic/abiotic stresses through modulating the expression of numerous genes. Here, we isolated and characterized a novelyellow leaf 3(yl3) mutant exhibiting arrested-growth, increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased level of soluble proteins, increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced activities of ROS scavenging enzymes, altered expression of photosynthesis and senescence/hormone-associated genes. The yellow leaf and arrested-growth trait was controlled by a single recessive gene located to chromosome 9. A single nucleotide substitution was detected in the mutant allele leading to premature termination of its coding protein. Genetic complementation could rescue the mutant phenotype while theYL3knockout lines displayed similar phenotype to WT.YL3was expressed in all tissues tested and predicted to encode a transcriptional factor OsNAC109 which localizes to the nucleus. It was confirmed that OsNAC109 could directly regulate the expression ofOsNAP,OsNYC3,OsEATB,OsAMTR1,OsZFP185,OsMPSandOsGA2ox3by targeting to the highly conserved cis-element CNTCSSNNSCAVG exceptOsSAMS1. Our results demonstrated thatOsNAC109is essential to rice leaf senescence, growth and development through regulating the expression of senescence- and phytohormone-associated genes in rice.
Soil apparent electrical conductivity and must carbon isotope ratio provide indication of plant water status in wine grape vineyards
Authors: Yu Runze , Zaccaria Daniele , Kisekka Isaya , Kurtural S. Kaan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractProximal sensing is being integrated into vineyard management as it provides rapid assessments of spatial variability of soils’ and plants’ features. The electromagnetic induction (EMI) technology is used to measure soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) with proximal sensing and enables to appraise soil characteristics and their possible effects on plant physiological responses. This study was conducted in a micro irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis viniferaL.) vineyard to investigate the technical feasibility of appraising plant water status and its spatial variability using soil ECaand must carbon isotope ratio analysis (δ13C). Soil temperature and soil water content were monitoredin-situusing time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensors. Soil ECawas measured with EMI at two depths [0–1.5 m (deep ECa) and 0–0.75 m (shallow ECa)] over the course of the crop season to capture the temporal dynamics and changes. At the study site, the main physical and chemical soil characteristics, i.e. soil texture, gravel, pore water electrical conductivity (ECe), organic carbon, and soil water content at field capacity, were determined from samples collected auguring the soil at equidistant points that were identified using a regular grid. Midday stem water potential (Ψstem) and leaf gas exchange, including stomatal conductance (gs), net carbon assimilation (An), and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) were measured periodically in the vineyard. The δ13C of produced musts was measured at harvest. The results indicated that soil water content (relative importance = 24%) and texture (silt: relative importance = 22.4% and clay: relative importance = 18.2%) were contributing the most towards soil ECa. Deep soil ECawas directly related to Ψstem(r2 = 0.7214) andgs(r2 = 0.5007). Likewise, δ13C of must was directly related to Ψstem(r2 = 0.9127),gs(r2 = 0.6985), andAn(r2 = 0.5693). Results from this work provided relevant information on the possibility of using spatial soil ECasensing and δ13C analysis to infer plant water status and leaf gas exchange in micro irrigated vineyards.
Pandemica Panoptica: Biopolitical Management of Viral Spread in the Age of Covid-19
Authors: Wagner Anne , Matulewska Aleksandra , Marusek Sarah 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe current pandemic period has triggered a series of changes in society, at both individual and collective behavioral levels. These changes were perceived as either positive or negative by the impacted bodies, leading to both social change and positive interactions in a tense context. In this paper, the authors will deal withPandemica Panotpica, subjugation infiltrating all levels of society, and the approach adopted by several countries in trying to find countermeasures to combat the virus' proliferation. Our research scope began at the onset of the pandemic and ended on early January 2021.
The Significance of Wittgenstein’s Remarks on Religious Belief
Authors: Wawrzyniak Jan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article aims to show that Wittgenstein’s remarks on religious belief and religious statements can be understood in modest philosophical terms, consistent with the thought that they are neither intended as serving to justify or undermine religious beliefs, nor as the expression of any theorizing about the nature of religious belief or the meaning of religious language. Instead, their philosophical significance is held to consist in their functioning to remind us of what we already know about the latter: such things as in what circumstances one utters religious statements, what the consequences of accepting or rejecting religious beliefs are, and so on. His position is that all attempts to say something more than this are either a mark of philosophical arrogance or a manifestation of one’s own personal commitment to adopting a stance of religious belief or non-belief. As such, they do not furnish us with genuine philosophical insights. I argue that such an interpretation possess two principal merits. Firstly, it demonstrates that there is no tension between Wittgenstein’s remarks on the nature of philosophy and his remarks on religious belief and religious statements. Secondly, it shows that it is possible to philosophize about religion in a manner that does not assume that this has to consist either in presenting an apology for or critique of religion or in formulating philosophical theories regarding the nature of religious belief and the meaning of religious language.
Die Wissensgrundlagen des eigenen Fachs verstehen – empirische Befunde zu den epistemologischen Orientierungen von Lehrkräften geisteswissenschaftlicher Fächer
Authors: Rau Caroline 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungWelche handlungsleitenden Orientierungen zeigen Lehrkräfte, die ein geisteswissenschaftliches Fach unterrichten, hinsichtlich der epistemologischen Grundlagen ihres Faches? Diese Frage steht im Mittelpunkt der hier vorgestellten Studie. Die Forschungsarbeit ist im qualitativ-rekonstruktiven Paradigma verortet: Die Daten wurden mittels Gruppendiskussionsverfahren erhoben und mit der Dokumentarischen Methode ausgewertet. Es konnten drei Idealtypen rekonstruiert werden: In ihnen wird sichtbar, dass Lehrkräfte Unterrichtsinhalten Gültigkeit anhand unterschiedlicher Modi verschaffen. Die Befunde werden vor dem Hintergrund erkenntnistheoretisch-hermeneutischer sowie kulturtheoretischer Gesichtspunkte diskutiert.
Aus „Erfahrung“ wird man selbstwirksam, motiviert und klug: Wie hängen unterschiedliche Komponenten professioneller Kompetenz von Lehramtsstudierenden mit der Nutzung von Lerngelegenheiten zusammen?
Authors: Depping Denise , Ehmke Timo , Besser Michael 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Fokus dieses Beitrags steht die Frage, inwiefern die Nutzung von Lerngelegenheiten (opportunities to learn, OTL) mit Aspekten professioneller Kompetenz von Lehramtsstudierenden zusammenhängt. In einer Querschnittstichprobe vonN = 200 Lehramtsstudierenden wurden das pädagogische Unterrichtswissen, die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung, das pädagogische Interesse und die unterrichtsbezogene Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung erhoben. OTL wurden durch Angaben zur Nutzung universitärer Lehrveranstaltungen, absolvierter Praxisphasen und außeruniversitärer Erfahrungen im Unterrichten erfasst. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass die Nutzung von universitären OTL zur Erklärung des pädagogischen Unterrichtswissens beiträgt; pädagogische Erfahrungen außerhalb der Universität hängen eng mit dem pädagogischen Interesse der Lehramtsstudierenden zusammen. Außerdem mediiert die Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung Zusammenhänge zwischen den erhobenen OTL und den untersuchten Aspekten professioneller Kompetenz. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten der Lehramtsausbildung zur Stärkung der Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung und weiterer Aspekte professioneller Kompetenz diskutiert.
The self’s choice: Priming attentional focus on bodily self promotes loss frequency bias
Authors: Sebri Valeria , Triberti Stefano , Pravettoni Gabriella 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhen attention is focused on self representation(s), the ability to evaluate one’s internal sensations is enhanced, according to previous research by Ainley and colleagues (Consciousness and Cognition, 22(4), 1231–1238, 2013). Self-representations are usually distinguished between bodily and narrative. Both bodily and narrative representations improve decision-making processes, in that the consideration of alternatives is informed by sensations experienced deep inside the body (e.g., anxiety) as suggest by the literature (Noël, Brevers & Bechara in Frontiers in Psychiatry, 4, 179, 2013). The objective of the present study is to analyze the decision-making process in multiple conditions of stimulated self-representations. Participants played the Iowa Gambling Task three times (a baseline without stimuli and two randomly ordered stimulations to prime bodily and narrative self-representations). While no significant differences emerged regarding advantageous choices, participants showed loss frequency bias in the condition with bodily-self representation priming. Two interpretations are proposed: bodily-self focus acted as a distractor diminishing participants’ commitment to long term outcomes or enhanced interoception promoted aversion to losses. Directions are given for future research and clinical implications.
Global dynamics of international migration systems across South–South, North–North, and North–South flows, 1990–2015
Authors: Leal Diego F. , Harder Nicolas L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEvidence from 184 countries over the span of 25 years is gathered and analyzed to understand North–North, South–South, and North–South international migration flows. Conceptually, the analysis borrows from network theory and Migration Systems Theory (MST) to develop a model to characterize the structure and evolution of international migration flows. Methodologically, the Stochastic Actor-oriented Model of network dynamics is used to jointly model the three types of flows under analysis. Results show that endogenous network effects at the monadic, dyadic, and triadic levels of analysis are relevant to understand the emergence and evolution of migration flows. The findings also show that a core set of non-network covariates, suggested by MST as key drivers of migration flows, does not always explain migration dynamics in the systems under analysis in a consistent fashion; thus, suggesting the existence of important levels of heterogeneity inherent to these three types of flows. Finally, evidence related to the role of political instability and countries’ care deficits is also discussed as part of the analysis. Overall, the results highlight the importance of analyzing flows across the globe beyond typically studied migratory corridors (e.g., North–South flows) or regions (e.g., Europe).
Water management using traditional tank cascade systems: a case study of semi-arid region of Southern India
Authors: Srivastava Aman , Chinnasamy Pennan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMost arid and semi-arid regions of the Southern-Indian peninsula experience frequent drought. To combat this, historically many water recharge structures, such as tank cascade systems, have been constructed. However, in recent years, performance of these tanks, especially for irrigation and groundwater recharge, is limited due to impacts of external factors that are not scientifically understood. This study, for the first time, aimed to explore spatio-temporal variation of water mass balance components and their impact on the Vandiyur tank cascade system (VTCS) in the city of Madurai, India. Study estimated water mass balance components for rural, peri-urban, and urban catchments across VTCS. Catchment-specific algorithms and water budget equation were used to estimate the volume of hydrological parameters. Additionally, land use/land cover maps were developed to understand the significance of using a water balance approach in understanding the behavior of hydrological components governing the water budget of a catchment. Results indicated a rapid increase in the urban area, up to 300%, in peri-urban and urban regions. Urbanization was considered the primary cause of high catchment runoff (40–60% of rainfall). Due to this, seasonal water availability within each tank across catchment was observed inconsistent (0–15%), wherein summer recorded approximately the least tank storage (0–8%). In general, study provided an approach for a practical, water‐focused application demonstrating how the principles of mass balance can help to foster robust water accounting, monitoring, and management. It further emphasized the use of a water balance approach in identifying vulnerable catchments for appropriate tank-rehabilitation-based interventions.
Self-Proclaimed Human Rights Heroes: The Professional Project of Israeli Military Judges
Authors: Ben-Natan Smadar 
Published: February 2021

This article explores the cooptation of human rights discourse by looking into how Israeli military judges in the Occupied Palestinian Territories use human rights as professional capital. Previous research into human rights arguments legitimizing the Israeli occupation remained confined to a unitary image of the state. Here, I dissect the separate professional project of military judges. Optimizing a self-congratulatory argument, judges portray themselves as human rights heroes of Palestinians. But while independent judicial activism would criticize human rights violations by the state, military judges use human rights as synonymous with legal professionalism, while avoiding criticism and sidestepping human rights’ challenge to state power.Using a multimethod approach including analysis of judicial decisions, academic articles by military judges, and in-depth interviews, I argue that between 2000 and 2010, Israeli military judges were responding to a professional legitimacy crisis by what I call mimetic convergence. Relying on new institutionalism and postcolonial theory, mimetic convergence produces belonging and mobility for a professional subgroup that experiences alienation in the “colony” through convergence with the specific characteristics of the legal community of the “metropole.” Mimicking the state instead of criticizing it permits the two projects— promoting military judges professionally and legitimizing the state’s colonial occupation—to coalesce.