bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing affinity‐based electroanalytical biosensors by integrated AC electrokinetic enrichment—A mini review
Authors: Song Min , Lin Xiaogang , Peng Zhijia , Zhang Maoxiao , Wu Jayne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBiosensors play a central role in moving diagnostics to being on‐site or decentralized. Affinity biosensor, an important category of biosensors, has important applications in clinical diagnosis, pharmaceuticals, immunology, and other fields. Affinity biosensors rely on specific binding between target analytes and biological ligands such as antibodies, nucleic acids, or other receptors to generate measurable signals. Oftentimes the target analytes in practical samples are of low abundance in a complex matrix. Traditional affinity biosensors mainly rely on random diffusion of analytes in solution to conjugate with biorecognition elements on the sensor surface of electrodes. The process may take hours or even days, which is not conducive to rapid and sensitive detection of biosensors. Therefore, it is strongly desired to incorporate an enrichment mechanism for target analytes into biosensor‐based detection. AC electrokinetic (ACEK) effect can realize rapid enrichment of analytes by application of AC electric fields, which holds great promise for achieving high sensitivity, low detection limit, and rapid turnaround. This article reviews the studies of affinity biosensors integrated with ACEK enrichment in the past decade, and summarizes the latest detection methods, detection devices and applications, hoping to provide some insights and references for researchers in related fields.
In‐bone protein digestion followed by LC‐MS/MS peptide analysis as a new way towards the routine proteomic characterization of human maxillary and mandibular bone tissue in oral surgery
Authors: Hynek Radovan , Michalus Iva , Cejnar Pavel , Šantrůček Jiří , Seidlová Sabina , Kučková Štěpánka , Sázelová Petra , Kašička Václav 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProteomic characterization of alveolar bones in oral surgery represents an analytical challenge due to their insoluble character. The implementation of a straightforward technique could lead to the routine use of proteomics in this field. This work thus developed a simple technique for the characterization of bone tissue for human maxillary and mandibular bones. It is based on the direct in‐bone tryptic digestion of proteins in both healthy and pathological human maxillary and mandibular bone samples. The released peptides were then identified by the LC‐MS/MS. Using this approach, a total of 1120 proteins were identified in the maxillary bone and 1151 proteins in the mandibular bone. The subsequent partial least squares–discrimination analysis (PLS‐DA) of protein data made it possible to reach 100% discrimination between the samples of healthy alveolar bones and those of the bone tissue surrounding the inflammatory focus. These results indicate that the in‐bone protein digestion followed by the LC‐MS/MS and subsequent statistical analysis can provide a deeper insight into the field of oral surgery at the molecular level. Furthermore, it could also have a diagnostic potential in the differentiation between the proteomic patterns of healthy and pathological alveolar bone tissue. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD026775.
High‐resolution hyperspectral imagery from pushbroom scanners on unmanned aerial systems
Authors: Kim Jae‐In , Chi Junhwa , Masjedi Ali , Flatt John Evan , Crawford Melba M. , Habib Ayman F. , Lee Joohan , Kim Hyun‐Cheol 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHyperspectral data are gaining popularity in remote sensing and signal processing communities because of the increased spectral information relative to multispectral data. Several airborne and spaceborne hyperspectral datasets are publicly available, facilitating the development of various applications and algorithms. However, hyperspectral data are usually limited by their narrow, highly correlated and contiguous spectral bands in both processing and analysis. Moreover, the resolution of available hyperspectral datasets is not sufficiently high for the identification of small objects. Nevertheless, with the rapidly advancing technology, hyperspectral imaging systems can now be mounted on small aerial vehicles for detecting small objects at low altitude. To properly handle these high spectral and spatial resolution data, new or redesigned data processing or analysis pipelines must be developed, but such datasets are limited. In this study, we describe two hyperspectral datasets acquired by a drone and evaluate their radiometric and geometric quality. Based on appropriate data acquisition and processing approaches, our datasets are expected to be useful as testbeds for new algorithms and applications.
Flood hazard in a semi‐closed basin in northern Ethiopia: Impact and resilience
Authors: Demissie Biadgilgn , Teklemariam Dereje , Haile Mitiku , Meaza Hailemariam , Nyssen Jan , Billi Paolo , Abera Wuletawu , Gebrehiwot Misgina , Haug Ruth , Van Eetvelde Veerle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEven though flooding is a threat to rural communities in plains drained by ephemeral rivers, the magnitude of its impact, coping/prevention mechanisms, and the implications for river management are not well known. In this study, data were collected using a phenomenological‐based research design. Field observations, a questionnaire (n = 440), key informant interviews (10), and one focus group discussion (with seven discussants) were used to collect the desired data from flood‐prone farmers. As the results show, 42% of the respondents believe that flooding has become stronger over the past 20 years, whereas 38% believe there has been no change. As mitigation measures, 52% of the respondents suggested evacuating to neighbouring villages as the best option. Most of the damage was experienced in farmlands (including crops, either harvested or standing) and settlements. As coping mechanisms, 31% of the respondents were displaced, whereas an additional 40% were forced to construct new houses for their settlement. Chi‐square testing showed that the farmers’ responses statistically varied among different groups (p < .001). In the meantime, community participation in flood control and catchment management is important. Improving flood management knowledge and the skills of different groups in a community is equally important. In this case, a qualitative inquiry approach was a good option to assess the hydrological conditions of rivers.
The moderating role of polycentric institutions in the relationship between effectuation/causation logics and corporate entrepreneur's decision‐making processes
Authors: Garrido Ivan , Vasconcellos Sílvio , Faccin Kadígia , Monticelli Jefferson Marlon , Carpenedo Caroline 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study analyzes how firms respond to institutional polycentrism, a governance system that emerges from multiple and independent centers of power that interact to determine and regulate an evolutionary overarching comprehensive social system of rules. We propose that institutional polycentrism moderates corporate entrepreneurs' decision‐making processes. We conducted a case study at a multinational corporation over four decades of internationalization using process data analysis. We found that institutional polycentrism determines a calibration between causation and effectuation logics. The study offers two contributions: (a) expanding the explanatory power of institutional polycentrism by understanding how it moderates the corporate entrepreneur's decision‐making process in polycentric institutional contexts and (2) proposing a relatively novel contingency dimension of the effectuation versus causation and establishing new boundary conditions of the effectuation versus causation.Managerial summaryThis study analyzes the decision‐making process of corporate entrepreneurs of a multinational steel producer throughout its internationalization trajectory. The article highlights that decisions based on rules established with past experience are unsuitable in contexts characterized by a multiplicity of foreign institutional forces. The joint interaction of these forces on the firm induces corporate entrepreneurs to respond to such pressures under a new, more flexible, and experimental approach. Finally, the results indicate that institutional multiplicity generates a kind of calibration between these decision‐making approaches, contributing to innovation processes in the company.
Novel characterization of the relationship between verbal list‐learning outcomes and hippocampal subfields in healthy adults
Authors: Cremona Sandrine , Zago Laure , Mellet Emmanuel , Petit Laurent , Laurent Alexandre , Pepe Antonietta , Tsuchida Ami , Beguedou Naka , Joliot Marc , Tzourio Christophe , Mazoyer Bernard , Crivello Fabrice 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe relationship between hippocampal subfield volumetry and verbal list‐learning test outcomes have mostly been studied in clinical and elderly populations, and remain controversial. For the first time, we characterized a relationship between verbal list‐learning test outcomes and hippocampal subfield volumetry on two large separate datasets of 447 and 1,442 healthy young and middle‐aged adults, and explored the processes that could explain this relationship. We observed a replicable positive linear correlation between verbal list‐learning test free recall scores and CA1 volume, specific to verbal list learning as demonstrated by the hippocampal subfield volumetry independence from verbal intelligence. Learning meaningless items was also positively correlated with CA1 volume, pointing to the role of the test design rather than word meaning. Accordingly, we found that association‐based mnemonics mediated the relationship between verbal list‐learning test outcomes and CA1 volume. This mediation suggests that integrating items into associative representations during verbal list‐learning tests explains CA1 volume variations: this new explanation is consistent with the associative functions of the human CA1.
What is the role of the surgeon in the management of head and neck mucosal melanoma in the immunotherapy era?
Authors: Edmond Mark , Nenclares Pablo , Harrington Kevin , Ap Dafydd Derfel , Bagwan Izhar , Begg Donna , Lingley Ken , Patterson Gillian , Payne Miranda , Steven Neil , Turnbull Nancy , Yip Kent , Silva Priyamal , Kerawala Cyrus , Paleri Vinidh , King Emma 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe advent of immunotherapy has impacted both the management and, to a lesser extent, the outcomes for patients with head and neck mucosal melanoma. As a consequence, one might expect that the role of the surgeon would be limited to the diagnostic work‐up and that systemic therapies would be the mainstay of treatment.Methods and ResultsHere, we present the surgical aspects of the recently published United Kingdom Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma Guideline to highlight the continued role of surgeons in the management of this disease. We highlight key areas where surgeons remain the lead clinician and reinforce the multidisciplinary requirement for exemplary patient care.ConclusionsDespite the advent of immunotherapy, surgeons continue to have a key role to play in this disease. When indicated, it is essential that appropriate surgery is offered by a suitably experienced team.
Metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease improves detection of high liver stiffness: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: van Kleef Laurens A. , Ayada Ibrahim , Alferink Louise J.M. , Pan Qiuwei , de Knegt Robert J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Recently metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been introduced and was defined as hepatic steatosis with either overweight, diabetes, and/or a combination of other metabolic risk factors. We investigated the application of the MAFLD criteria as compared with NAFLD.

Approach and Results
We performed a cross‐sectional analysis within the Rotterdam Study, a large prospective population‐based cohort. Participants who attended the liver ultrasound and transient elastography program between 2009 and 2014 were eligible for inclusion. Subsequently, individuals with viral hepatitis, alcohol intake >60 g/day, missing alcohol data, and/or missing body mass index were excluded. According to their NAFLD and MAFLD status based on metadata and ultrasound, participants were allocated in overlap fatty liver disease (FLD), NAFLD‐only, MAFLD‐only, or no FLD. Fibrosis was defined as liver stiffness ≥8.0 kPa. In our analysis, 5445 participants were included: 1866 (34.3%) had MAFLD and 1604 (29.5%) [Correction added on December 27, 2021 after first online publication: The preceding fragment was changed from “1623 (29.8%)”] had NAFLD. This resulted in 1547 (28.4%) [Correction added on December 27, 2021 after first online publication: The preceding fragment was changed from “1566 (28.8%)”] individuals with overlap FLD, 319 (5.9%) [Correction added on December 27, 2021 after first online publication: The preceding fragment was changed from “300 (5.5%)”] with MAFLD‐only, 57 (1.0%) with NAFLD‐only, and 3522 (64.7%) with no FLD. The MAFLD‐only group was strongly associated with fibrosis (adjusted OR 5.30 [Correction added on December 27, 2021 after first online publication: The preceding fragment was changed from "OR 5.27"], p < 0.001) and log‐transformed liver stiffness (adjusted beta 0.116, p < 0.001), as opposed to the NAFLD‐only group, in which no cases of fibrosis were identified and no association with liver stiffness (adjusted beta 0.006, p = 0.90) was found.

Conclusions
FLD is highly prevalent in the general population. However, not the NAFLD‐only, but the MAFLD‐only group was associated with fibrosis and higher liver stiffness—independent of demographic and lifestyle factors. We believe that using the MAFLD criteria will help improve the identification and treatment of patients with FLD at risk for fibrosis.
Protective Effects of Statin Therapy in Cirrhosis Are Limited by a Common SLCO1B1 Transporter Variant
Authors: Merkel Melissa , Schneider Christina , Greinert Robin , Zipprich Alexander , Ripoll Cristina , Lammert Frank , Reichert Matthias C. 
Published: August 2021

Complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension (PH) can be reduced by statin therapy. The common loss‐of‐function variant p.V174A in the solute carrier organic anion transporter gene 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene encoding the organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 results in decreased hepatic uptake of statins. Our specific aim was to assess the impact of this variant in patients with cirrhosis and statin treatment while controlling for the stage of cirrhosis and other potential confounders with propensity score matching (PSM), availing of a large cohort of genotyped study patients. In total, from 1,088 patients with cirrhosis in two German academic medical centers, PSM yielded 154 patients taking statins and 154 matched controls. The effect on PH was assessed by the liver stiffness–spleen size–to–platelet score (LSPS), and complications of cirrhosis were retrospectively recorded applying consensus criteria. As hypothesized, patients on statin treatment presented less frequently with signs of PH: Esophageal varices (41% vs. 62%; P < 0.001) were less common, and LSPS (4.8 ± 11.5 vs. 5.6 ± 6.4; P = 0.01) was reduced. Correspondingly, decompensation events were also reduced in patients on statins (odds ratio [OR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32‐0.90; P = 0.02). When the variant in SLCO1B1 was present in patients on statins, esophageal varices (OR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.24‐5.81; P = 0.01) and bacterial infections (OR = 2.50, 95% CI 1.14‐5.47; P = 0.02) were more common as compared with wild type carriers on statins.

Conclusion: In this cohort, signs and complications of PH were reduced in patients with cirrhosis treated with statins. Notably, this effect was diminished by the common loss‐of‐function variant in SLCO1B1. Further prospective studies in independent cohorts are warranted to confirm these genotype‐specific observations.
The Integrated “Multiomics” Landscape at Peak Injury and Resolution From Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease
Authors: Das Sukanta , Ge Xiaodong , Han Hui , Desert Romain , Song Zhuolun , Athavale Dipti , Chen Wei , Gaskell Harriet , Lantvit Daniel , Guzman Grace , Nieto Natalia 
Published: August 2021

Alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) is a significant clinical problem for which the most effective therapy is alcohol abstinence. The two aims of this study were, first, to identify the liver transcriptome, fecal microbiome, and portal serum metabolome at peak injury and during early and late resolution from ALD; and second, to integrate their interactions and understand better the pathogenesis of ALD. To provoke alcohol‐induced liver injury, female and male wild‐type mice were fed the control or ethanol Lieber‐DeCarli diets for 6 weeks. To study early and late resolution, alcohol was withdrawn from the diet and mice were sacrificed after 3 and 14 days, respectively. At peak injury, there was increased signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat3), Rho‐GTPases, Tec kinase and glycoprotein VI (Gp6), and decreased peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor signaling. During resolution from ALD, there was up‐regulation of vitamin D receptor/retinoid X receptor, toll‐like receptor, p38 and Stat3, and down‐regulation of liver X receptor signaling. Females showed significant changes in catabolic pathways, whereas males increased cellular stress, injury, and immune‐response pathways that decreased during resolution. The bacterial genus Alistipes and the metabolite dipeptide glycyl‐L‐leucine increased at peak but decreased during resolution from ALD in both genders. Hepatic induction of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (Map3k1) correlated with changes in the microbiome and metabolome at peak but was restored during ALD resolution. Inhibition of MAP3K1 protected from ALD in mice. Conclusion: Alcohol abstinence restores the liver transcriptome, fecal microbiome, and portal serum metabolome in a gender‐specific manner. Integration of multiomics data identified Map3k1 as a key gene driving pathogenesis and resolution from ALD.
Outcomes in primary cutaneous diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, leg type
Authors: Kraft Robert M. , Ansell Stephen M. , Villasboas Jose C. , Bennani N. Nora , Wang Yucai , Habermann Thomas M. , Thanarajasingam Gita , Lester Scott C. , Macon William , Inwards David J. , Porrata Luis F. , Micallef Ivana N. , Witzig Thomas E. , Thompson Carrie A. , Johnston Patrick B. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Lin Yi , Paludo Jonas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrimary cutaneous diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL, LT) is a rare, aggressive lymphoma characterized by skin involvement predominantly in the lower extremities. Immunochemotherapy with or without involved‐site radiation therapy (ISRT) is considered standard front‐line therapy. Over‐expression of PD‐L1/PD‐L2 is seen in a high proportion of PCDLBCL, LT cases, but efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in relapsed/refractory, PCDLBCL, LT has not been thoroughly studied. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with PCDLBCL, LT seen at Mayo Clinic from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2020. Using the Kaplan–Meier method, we calculated progression‐free survival, duration of response, and overall survival in patients who received front‐line rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R‐CHOP) with and without ISRT, and salvage ICI therapy for relapsed/refractory disease. A total of 28 patients with PCDLBCL, LT were identified. The median PFS in patients treated with R‐CHOP plus ISRT was 58 months (95% CI: 18–112) compared to 14 months (95% CI: 5–not reached; p = 0.04) in those treated with R‐CHOP without ISRT. The median PFS from salvage ICI therapy was 10 months (95% CI: 4–not reached), and median DOR from salvage ICI therapy was 23 months [95% CI: 4–26]. R‐CHOP with ISRT had a significantly longer median PFS compared to R‐CHOP without ISRT as front‐line therapy for PCDLBCL, LT. ICIs may have a role in treating relapsed/refractory disease as reasonable activity in heavily pre‐treated patients was observed in this study.
Evaluation of skin sensitization induced by four ionic liquids
Authors: Frawley Rachel P. , Germolec Dori R. , Johnson Victor J. , Gulledge Travis , Manheng Wimolnut , White Kimber , Shockley Keith R. , Harris Shawn F. , Hooth Michelle , Ryan Kristen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) are synthetic solvents used as replacements for volatile organic solvents. Human exposure occurs through dermal or oral routes. In rodents, several ILs were reported to induce dermal toxicity, irritation, and sensitization. Due to the potential for occupational exposure, and industrial use as nonvolatile solvents, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (EMIM, 6.25% to 50% v/v), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (BMIM, 3.12% to 12.5% v/v), 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium chloride (BMPY, 0.825% to 6.25% v/v), andN‐butylpyridinium chloride (NBuPY, 0.825% to 12.5% v/v) were nominated to the National Toxicology Program and evaluated for skin sensitization. The test compound was applied to the ears of female BALB/c mice daily for 3 days in a primary irritancy (IRR)/local lymph node assay (LLNA). Sensitization was assessed in vitro in the direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA), KeratinoSens™ assay, and human cell line activation test (h‐CLAT). In the LLNA, the butylated ILs, BMIM, and BMPY were more potent than NBuPY (butylated) or EMIM (ethylated), which was neither an irritant nor a sensitizer. NBuPY induced skin irritation in vivo at ≥3.12% (p ≤ 0.01), and sensitization in vitro in the KeratinoSens™ assay and h‐CLAT, but was negative for sensitization in vivo and in the DPRA. Although SI3 was not achieved, dermal treatment with 12.5% BMIM or 6.25% BMPY increased (p ≤ 0.01) lymph node cell proliferation in the LLNA. In vitro, BMIM was positive for sensitization in the h‐CLAT, and BMPY was positive in the h‐CLAT and KeratinoSens™ assay; both were negative in the DPRA. Integrated data analyses, weighted toward in vivo data, suggested that BMIM and BMPY may induce weak to mild sensitization.
Psychological distress of mental health workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A comparison with the general population in high‐ and low‐incidence regions
Authors: Brillon Pascale , Philippe Frederick L. , Paradis Alison , Geoffroy Marie‐Claude , Orri Massimiliano , Ouellet‐Morin Isabelle 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveDespite their essential role during this health crisis, little is known about the psychological distress of mental health workers (MHW).MethodA total of 616 MHW and 658 workers from the general population (GP) completed an online survey including depressive, anxiety, irritability, loneliness, and resilience measures.ResultsOverall, MHW had fewer cases with above cut‐off clinically significant depression (19% MHW vs. 27%) or anxiety (16% MHW vs. 29%) than the GP. MHW in high‐incidence regions of COVID‐19 cases displayed the same levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms than the GP and higher levels compared to MHW from low‐incidence regions. MHW in high‐incidence regions presented higher levels of irritability and lower levels of resilience than the MHW in low‐incidence regions. Moreover, MHW in high‐incidence regions reported more feelings of loneliness than all other groups.ConclusionImplications for social and organizational preventive strategies to minimize the distress of MHW in times of crisis are discussed.