bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Impacts of Spillover Effects of Terrorism Countermeasures at Public Assembly Sites
Authors: Rose Adam Z. , Wei Dan , Byrd Katie , John Richard 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent years, there have been many high-profile attacks on large, relatively unprotected venues, including entertainment and shopping complexes in the U.S. and around the world. Public and private decision-makers can choose from a wide array of terrorism countermeasures. A question arises as to whether patrons’ complaints about delays, inconvenience and invasion of privacy actually translate into decisions to attend fewer such events. This paper presents the bottom-line economic impacts of terrorism countermeasures on business revenue at three public assembly venues and on their surrounding regional economic activity. These venues include an MLB Stadium, an NBA/NHL Arena, and a Convention Center. The analysis is based primarily on survey responses relating to changes in attendance that stem from public perception of the implementation of four major types of countermeasures. The surveys indicated that the majority of patrons were not affected either way by the presence of the countermeasures, but nearly all of the remainder felt more secure in the presence of the countermeasures to both terrorism and ordinary crime, which resulted in an increased likelihood of attendance. The economic impact estimates yield a small but notable positive impact on business revenues, though this outcome varies significantly across venue types.
Vector optomechanical entanglement
Authors: Li Ying , Jiao Ya-Feng , Liu Jing-Xue , Miranowicz Adam , Zuo Yun-Lan , Kuang Le-Man , Jing Hui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The polarizations of optical fields, besides field intensities, provide more degrees of freedom to manipulate coherent light–matter interactions. Here, we propose how to achieve a coherent switch of optomechanical entanglement in a polarized-light-driven cavity system. We show that by tuning the polarizations of the driving field, the effective optomechanical coupling can be well controlled and, as a result, quantum entanglement between the mechanical oscillator and the optical transverse electric mode can be coherently and reversibly switched to that between the same phonon mode and the optical transverse magnetic mode. This ability to switch optomechanical entanglement with such a vectorial device can be important for building a quantum network being capable of efficient quantum information interchanges between processing nodes and flying photons.
Phase conjugation of twisted Gaussian Schell model beams in stimulated down-conversion
Authors: dos Santos Gustavo H. , de Oliveira Andre G. , Rubiano da Silva Nara , Cañas Gustavo , Gómez Esteban S. , Joshi Stuti , Ismail Yaseera , Souto Ribeiro Paulo H. , Walborn Stephen Patrick 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStimulated parametric down-conversion is a nonlinear optical process that can be used for phase conjugation and frequency conversion of an optical field. A precise description of the outgoing stimulated field has been developed for the case where the input pump and seed fields are coherent. However, partially coherent beams can have interesting and important characteristics that are absent in coherent beams. One example is the twist phase, a novel optical phase that can appear in partially coherent Gaussian beams and gives rise to a nonzero orbital angular momentum. Here, we consider stimulated down-conversion for partially coherent input fields. As a case study, we use twisted Gaussian Schell-Model beams as the seed and pump beams in stimulated parametric down-conversion. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that the stimulated idler beam can be written as a twisted Gaussian Schell-Model beam, where the beam parameters are determined entirely by the seed and pump. When the pump beam is coherent, the twist phase of the idler is the conjugate of that of the seed. These results could be useful for the correction of wavefront distortion such as in atmospheric turbulence in optical communication channels, and synthesis of partially coherent beams.
Crystal structure of (E)-7-hydroxy-2-((6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methylene)-3, 4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C17H15NO3
Authors: Zhang Sheng-Nan , Zhao Feng-Lan , Meng Qing-Guo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
C17H15NO3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 4.3970(3) Å, b = 13.8942(8) Å, c = 22.0484(14) Å, β = 91.099(6)°, V = 1346.75(15), Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0412, wR
ref (F
2) = 0.1003, T = 150 K.
Setting the Boundaries of Early Neolithic Settlement Sites: The Ditch-Digging Practices in the Eastern Balkans
Authors: Nikolova Nikolina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article presents the current state of research on the Early Neolithic settlement enclosures in the Eastern Balkans (ca. 6200/6000–5500 cal. BC), with a focus set on the ditch-digging practices. A large database was accumulated in the last decade during surface surveys, large-scale excavations, and geomagnetic prospection, demonstrating conclusively that ditch enclosures were indeed a tradition rather than an exception. In the Eastern Balkans, enclosures consist mostly of single or multiple ditches and rarely a combination of ditch and wooden, emplectum, or a stone wall. Moreover, some sites existed long enough that the development of the settlement pattern demanded also changes in the enclosures’ layout and/or design. Most of the settlements were enclosed as early as their initial stages. However, no enclosure features have been identified at the earliest Neolithic sites in the area even though this might reflect biased research strategies.
Exploring the Broad Spectrum: Vegetal Inclusions in Early Neolithic Eastern Balkan Pottery
Authors: Dzhanfezova Tanya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhy was “chaff temper” used in pottery production? The possible reasoning behind the practice of intentionally adding organic matter (various plant parts and plant-containing materials) to the clay paste when making pottery is explored by studying four Early Neolithic open settlements. Located in contrasting regions, northwest and southwest Bulgaria, they have contrasting geological settings, altitude, climate, and “pottery styles.” Ceramic fragments containing vegetal remains (charred, semi-charred parts, imprints, and phytoliths) found both on the surface of the vessels and within the body clay are studied in hand specimens, thin-sections and by using scanning electron microscopy. Whether the addition of “organic temper” was an actual functional prerequisite (e.g. caused by technological limitations of the local clays, the vessels’ use, etc.), and how to interpret the variable contents and types of vegetal remains within the clay fabrics, are the main questions discussed within a broader context. The observed variability raises awareness of a series of potential biases when interpreting vegetal remains in Early Neolithic Southeast European pottery. This study not only tackles the interrelation between two major Early Neolithic cycles – ceramic technology and agriculture – but also reveals the potential to examine the synergies between specifically technological, agricultural, and environmental study aspects. It demonstrates the intrinsically intertwined crafts and husbandry activities, technological landscapes, decision-making strategies, and subsistence patterns, all within site-specific environment. It also frames a debate on such inclusions’ strictly technological significance, their role as a cultural factor embodied in social behaviour, or completely accidental presence in the clay fabrics, and a whole spectrum in between.
Spillovers Between Russia’s and Turkey’s Geopolitical Risk During the 2000–2021 Putin Administration
Authors: Economou Emmanouil M. L. , Kyriazis Nikolaos A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper sets out to explore the nexus between Russia and Turkey regarding their geopolitical uncertainty measures (GPR) during the Putin Administration era in Russia. The innovative Caldara and Iacoviello indices and the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) methodology are adopted. This study sheds light on the series of geopolitical events that have taken place in Russia and Turkey in recent decades. Empirical outcomes reveal that Turkish geopolitical uncertainty is a weak influencer that increases Russian GPR in the short-term while decreasing it in the medium-term. The reverse effect does not hold. The nexus between geopolitical risk in Turkey and Russia is found to be unstable. Uncertainty in Turkey constitutes both a negative and a positive determinant of geopolitical stability in Russia, depending on the time horizon of the impact. Russia could take advantage of Turkish positive effects in the medium-run. This could be alarming for investors but could also prove beneficial as they should not invest in Russian assets when the country’s geopolitical risk is elevated due to Turkey’s geopolitical instability. Additionally, it is documented that energy financial markets in Russia are not influential on geopolitical uncertainty.
Comparative study between dry and wet properties of thermoplastic PA6/PP novel matrix-based carbon fibre composites
Authors: Sridhar Aparna , Adusumalli Ramesh Babu , Doddipatla Purnima , Venkateshan Karthik Chethan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study is to develop and investigate the suitability of thermoplastic composites for underwater applications. PA6/PP/PP-g-MA (70 wt%/30 wt%/3 phr) blend is used as a novel matrix to synthesize UDCF composites with balanced strength and toughness even in humid conditions. This novel matrix has around 60% lower water absorption capacity compared to PA6. Short carbon fibres (SCF) and unidirectional carbon fibre fabric (UDCF with 12K rovings) are used as reinforcements. X-ray CT data of injection-molded SCF composites revealed good wetting. However, in the case of compression-molded UDCF composites, a few unwetted zones were found. Comparing dry and wet samples, wet-matrix, wet-SCF composite and wet-UDCF composites had 40, 15, and 25% reduction in their tensile strengths, respectively. However, the impact strength of wet-matrix and wet-UDCF composites increased by 67 and 61%, respectively. Hence, SCF composites having a wet tensile strength of 46 MPa can be used in preparing underwater components due to the low number of interfacial voids. UDCF composites having more interfacial voids are recommended for humid conditions wherein the wet impact strength (11.4 J) and wet tensile strength (266 MPa) are the main criteria.
What do hashtags afford in digital fashion communication? An exploratory study on Gucci-related hashtags on Twitter and Instagram
Authors: Karamalak Olga , Kalbaska Nadzeya , Cantoni Lorenzo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBeing enmeshed in a digital environment, we daily produce internet-mediated texts – encompassing several different semiotic codes – accessible on a global scale. Posts on different networks usually contain hashtags, which can be understood as affordances or behavior opportunities. These affordances allow specific actions both from the part of the writer and the reader. They can also be “behavior triggers,” which invite certain behavior online (e.g., to like, share, comment) or offline (e.g., to buy items of a specific brand). Digital fashion communication experts should take into consideration these affordances to pursue their goals in the activities related to marketing, promoting, creating engagement and communicating either about a brand or a brand item. While there is general research on reasons to hashtag and on the functions they perform, there is a gap in what hashtags “mean” and “do” in the fashion domain. The objectives of this paper are threefold: 1) to give an overview of the history of hashtags; 2) to present the affordances of hashtags, while creating a general table of affordances from the addresser’s perspective, based on the literature overview; 3) to perform a qualitative analysis of hashtags on Gucci official Twitter and Instagram accounts during a given time span and on other Gucci-related hashtags posted by common users. The choice of the brand is due to Gucci’s focus on active digital communication practices. Results can be valuable for both researchers and industry professionals involved in digital fashion communication.
Risky decision-making following prefrontal D1 receptor manipulation
Authors: Beyer Dominik K. E. , Horn Lisa , Klinker Nadine , Freund Nadja 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The prefrontal dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) is involved in cognitive processes. Viral overexpression of this receptor in rats further increases the reward-related behaviors and even its termination induces anhedonia and helplessness. In this study, we investigated the risky decision-making during D1R overexpression and its termination. Rats conducted the rodent version of the Iowa gambling task daily. In addition, the methyl CpG–binding protein-2 (MeCP2), one regulator connecting the dopaminergic system, cognitive processes, and mood-related behavior, was investigated after completion of the behavioral tasks. D1R overexpressing subjects exhibited maladaptive risky decision-making and risky decisions returned to control levels following termination of D1R overexpression; however, after termination, animals earned less reward compared to control subjects. In this phase, MeCP2-positive cells were elevated in the right amygdala. Our results extend the previously reported behavioral changes in the D1R-manipulated animal model to increased risk-taking and revealed differential MeCP2 expression adding further evidence for a bipolar disorder-like phenotype of this model.
Composition within and between Languages in the Bilingual Mind: MEG Evidence from Korean/English Bilinguals
Authors: Phillips Sarah F. , Pylkkänen Liina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe ability of the human brain to build complex expressions from simpler parts is fascinating, but the ability of the bilingual brain to do so is perhaps even more remarkable. When highly proficient bilinguals converse, they can fluidly switch from one language to another even inside sentences. Thus, they build expressions using words from more than one language. How are bilinguals able to compose words across different languages in real time? While robust evidence has implicated the left anterior temporal lobe (LATL) for the composition of words within one language, we do not know how the LATL, or other regions implicated for composition, operates when the language switches. We also do not know whether prefrontal regions associated with language control are recruited for language switching during composition. We addressed these questions with magnetoencephalography measurements in bilinguals who are fluent in two typologically distant languages, English and Korean. We observed early composition effects in the LATL at ∼200 ms that were unaffected by either language or orthography switching, which was also varied (Hangul vs Roman alphabet). Thus, the combinatory mechanism at 200 ms housed in the anterior temporal cortex appears blind to the language in which its input concepts are expressed. However, in later time windows, language and orthography switching interacted both in regions implicated for composition [LATL, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG)] as well as in regions associated with language control (ACC, LIFG). This establishes a starting point for understanding how bilingual brains code switch: words are initially combined without consideration of which language they come from, but language switching affects later processing.
High γ Activity in Cortex and Hippocampus Is Correlated with Autonomic Tone during Sleep
Authors: Alasfour Abdulwahab , Jiang Xi , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge , Gilja Vikash , Halgren Eric 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStudies in animals have demonstrated a strong relationship between cortical and hippocampal activity, and autonomic tone. However, the extent, distribution, and nature of this relationship have not been investigated with intracranial recordings in humans during sleep. Cortical and hippocampal population neuronal firing was estimated from high γ band activity (HG) from 70 to 110 Hz in local field potentials (LFPs) recorded from 15 subjects (nine females) during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Autonomic tone was estimated from heart rate variability (HRV). HG and HRV were significantly correlated in the hippocampus and multiple cortical sites in NREM stages N1–N3. The average correlation between HG and HRV could be positive or negative across patients given anatomic location and sleep stage and was most profound in lateral temporal lobe in N3, suggestive of greater cortical activity associated with sympathetic tone. Patient-wide correlation was related to δ band activity (1–4 Hz), which is known to be correlated with high γ activity during sleep. The percentage of statistically correlated channels was weaker in N1 and N2 as compared with N3, and was strongest in regions that have previously been associated with autonomic processes, such as anterior hippocampus and insula. The anatomic distribution of HRV-HG correlations during sleep did not reproduce those usually observed with positron emission tomography (PET) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during waking. This study aims to characterize the relationship between autonomic tone and neuronal firing rate during sleep and further studies are needed to investigate finer temporal resolutions, denser coverages, and different frequency bands in both waking and sleep.
TRPM4 Contributes to Subthreshold Membrane Potential Oscillations in Multiple Mouse Pacemaker Neurons
Authors: Li Keyong , Shi Yingtang , Gonye Elizabeth C. , Bayliss Douglas A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSelect neuronal populations display steady rhythmic neuronal firing that provides tonic excitation to drive downstream networks and behaviors. In noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC), circadian neurons of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and CO2/H+-activated neurons of the brainstem retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), large subthreshold membrane potential oscillations contribute to the pacemaker-like action potential discharge. The oscillations and firing in LC and SCN involve contributions from leak sodium (NALCN) and L-type calcium channels while recent work from RTN suggested an additional pivotal role for a secondary calcium-activated and voltage-gated cationic current sensitive to TRPM4 channel blockers. Here, we tested whether TRPM4 contributes to subthreshold oscillations in mouse LC and SCN. By RNAscopein situhybridization,Trpm4transcripts were detected in both cell groups. In whole-cell recordings from acute slice preparations, prominent voltage-dependent membrane potential oscillations were revealed in LC and SCN after blocking action potentials. These oscillations were inhibited by two chemically-distinct blockers of TRPM4, 9-phenanthrol (9-pt) and 4-chloro-2-[[2-(2-chlorophenoxy)acetyl]amino]benzoic acid (CBA). Under whole-cell voltage clamp, inward currents evoked by oscillation voltage waveforms were inhibited in LC by blocking L-type calcium channels and TRPM4. These data implicate TRPM4 in the large subthreshold membrane potential oscillations that underlie tonic action potential discharge in LC and SCN, providing a voltage-dependent and calcium-dependent cationic current to augment the depolarizing inward Na+and Ca2+currents previously associated with this distinctive electroresponsive property.
Distributed and Localized Dynamics Emerge in the Mouse Neocortex during Reach-to-Grasp Behavior
Authors: Quarta Eros , Scaglione Alessandro , Lucchesi Jessica , Sacconi Leonardo , Allegra Mascaro Anna Letizia , Pavone Francesco Saverio 
Published: November 2021

A long-standing question in systems neuroscience is to what extent task-relevant features of neocortical processing are localized or distributed. Coordinated activity across the neocortex has been recently shown to drive complex behavior in the mouse, while activity in selected areas is canonically associated with specific functions (e.g., movements in the case of the motor cortex). Reach-to-grasp (RtG) movements are known to be dependent on motor circuits of the neocortex; however, the global activity of the neocortex during these movements has been largely unexplored in the mouse. Here, we characterized, using wide-field calcium imaging, these neocortex-wide dynamics in mice of either sex engaging in an RtG task. We demonstrate that, beyond motor regions, several areas, such as the visual and the retrosplenial cortices, also increase their activity levels during successful RtGs, and homologous regions across the ipsilateral hemisphere are also involved. Functional connectivity among neocortical areas increases transiently around movement onset and decreases during movement. Despite this global phenomenon, neural activity levels correlate with kinematics measures of successful RtGs in sensorimotor areas only. Our findings establish that distributed and localized neocortical dynamics co-orchestrate efficient control of complex movements.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMammals rely on reaching and grasping movements for fine-scale interactions with the physical world. In the mouse, the motor cortex is critical for the execution of such behavior, yet little is known about the activity patterns across neocortical areas. Using the mesoscale-level networks as a model of cortical processing, we investigated the hypothesis that areas beyond the motor regions could participate in RtG planning and execution, and indeed a large network of areas is involved while performing RtGs. Movement kinematics correlates mostly with neural activity in sensorimotor areas. By demonstrating that distributed and localized neocortical dynamics for the execution of fine movements coexist in the mouse neocortex during RtG, we offer an unprecedented view on the neocortical correlates of mammalian motor control.
De las copulativas identificativas a las construcciones hendidas
Authors: Pérez Saldanya Manuel 
Published: November 2021

En este trabajo se analizan los cambios estructurales que se han producido en las construcciones hendidas a lo largo de la historia del español. Se parte de la idea de que estas construcciones presentan inicialmente las características típicas de las oraciones copulativas y que progresivamente se alejan de las copulativas típicas por un proceso de gramaticalización creciente. La aparición del llamado que galicado se sitúa dentro de este proceso de gramaticalización, que también se asocia al aumento de frecuencia del orden de constituyentes más característico de las hendidas (i. e., las hendidas con cópula en posición inicial).
La imilla de Paucartambo, Cusco, y la encarnación del entorno: un caso de travestismo y androginia en los Andes
Authors: Levin Yiftah 
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo postula que la imilla de Paucartambo, Cusco, es un personaje travesti y transgénero que constituye una interpretación del tema de género en los Andes. La pregunta es: ¿quién es la imillla y por qué está tradicionalmente encarnada por un varón? Se argumenta que la participación de la imilla en la actuación del ritual y juego y su simbolismo, es esencial en los Qhapaq Qolla y en la fiesta de la Virgen del Carmen de Paucartambo, como representantes de su entorno cultural. Como personaje liminal, la imilla es única en la fiesta; y constituye un caso único en las representaciones de transgénero y travesti en los Andes, hasta donde conocemos. Finalmente, se argumenta que como personaje transgénero, la imilla encarna la totalidad del concepto de Paucartambo como un núcleo, así como esta narrado por los mitos y performado durante la guerrilla.