bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enterovirus board game for elementary school children: A pilot study
Authors: Chen Mei‐Fang , Wu Chia‐Shan , Tsai Chun‐Chin , Tsai Mu‐Yun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of an enterovirus board game on improving knowledge of enterovirus for elementary school children in Taiwan.DesignA pilot study with a one‐group pretest‐posttest design.SampleUsing convenience sampling, 27 children were recruited from a single elementary school in Taiwan in June 2020.MeasurementsDemographic data were collected and the children completed an enterovirus knowledge questionnaire. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, McNemar test, and Wilcoxon test.InterventionEach experimental group of four to five children participated in a 40‐min enterovirus board game.ResultsAfter using the board game, the children had significantly higher mean scores for enterovirus knowledge. Specifically, the children had a higher proportion of correct answers for seven questions related to enterovirus after playing the game compared to before.ConclusionsBoard games designed for elementary school‐aged children can support public health education and help prevent outbreaks of infectious diseases such as enterovirus.
Photogrammetric Record Microsoft Word Template
Authors: Author Arthur , Author Maria J. , Author S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis is an example of an original article in the layout expected by The Photogrammetric Record. The abstract is a concise summary of the essential elements of the paper and should not contain detailed results. It should be no longer than 150 words. This template indicates how a paper submitted to the journal should be structured and formatted, including figures, tables, mathematics and references.
Monitoring virulence and sexual compatibility in Brazilian Bremia lactucae populations
Authors: Souza Larissa N. , Marin Marcus V. , Franco Carolina A. , Silva Edgard H. C. , Caprio Carlos H. , Panizzi Rita C. , Braz Leila T. , Lebeda Aleš 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDuring the winter, there is a high occurrence of downy mildew on lettuce caused by Bremia lactucae. This oomycete shows variability in virulence, so understanding the genetic structure of the pathogen population becomes essential for obtaining resistant cultivars. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine sexual compatibility in Brazilian populations of B. lactucae and investigate the occurrence of sexual reproduction of the pathogen on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola). Leaf samples were collected in 33 municipalities in seven Brazilian states. The virulence structure of the populations was monitored using the EU‐C sextet code. B. lactucae populations from the states of São Paulo, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, and Rio Grande do Sul shared six of the 15 virulence factors evaluated. Twenty‐five virulence phenotypes (v‐phenotypes) were found, with the sextet codes 31‐00‐02, 31‐16‐02, 31‐24‐02, and 31‐01‐02 being more frequent. The predominance of some v‐ phenotypes indicates that clonal reproduction is still the main form of B. lactucae propagation. The genes and resistance factors of the cultivars Argelès (Dm38), Balesta, and Bartoli are recommended as suitable sources of lettuce resistance in Brazil. Natural occurrence of oospores was detected in most sampled locations, in lettuce and prickly lettuce plants. Virulence variability of Brazilian isolates is the result of the pathogen's ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually, with a prevalence of homothallic isolates; although the majority were of the predominant B2 mating type, there was a high incidence of predominant B1 in addition to B1 = B2.
Hormonal crosstalk in regulating salinity stress tolerance in graminaceous crops
Authors: Choudhary Pooja , Pramitha Lydia , Rana Sumi , Verma Shubham , Aggarwal Pooja Rani , Muthamilarasan Mehanathan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSoil salinity is one of the major threats that pose challenges to global cereal productivity and food security. Cereals have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to circumvent stress at morpho‐physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Salt stress cues are perceived by the roots, which trigger the underlying signaling pathways that involve phytohormones. Each phytohormone triggers a specific signaling pathway integrated in a complex manner to produce antagonistic, synergistic, and additive responses. Phytohormones induce salt‐responsive signaling pathways to modulate various physiological and anatomical mechanisms, including cell wall repair, apoplastic pH regulation, ion homeostasis, root hair formation, chlorophyll content, and leaf morphology. Exogenous applications of phytohormones moderate the adverse effects of salinity and improve growth. Understanding the complex hormonal crosstalk in cereals under salt stress will advance the knowledge about cooperation or antagonistic mechanisms among hormones and their role in developing salt‐tolerant cereals to enhance the productivity of saline agricultural land. In this context, the present review focuses on the mechanisms of hormonal crosstalk that mediate the salt stress response and adaptation in graminaceous crops.
Identification and characterization of the AINV genes in five Gossypium species with potential functions of GhAINVs under abiotic stress
Authors: Lv Jiaoyan , Chen Baizhi , Ma Changkai , Qiao Kaikai , Fan Shuli , Ma Qifeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAcid invertase (AINV) is a kind of sucrose hydrolase with an important role in plants. Currently, the AINV genes have not been systematically studied in cotton. In this study, a total of 92 AINV genes were identified in five cotton species. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the AINV proteins were divided into two subgroups in cotton: vacuolar invertase (VINV) and cell wall invertase (CWINV). The analysis of gene structures, conserved motifs, and three‐dimensional protein structures suggested that GhAINVs were significantly conserved. The synteny analysis showed that whole‐genome duplication was the main force promoting the expansion of the AINV gene family. The cis‐element, transcriptome, and quantitative real time‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) showed that some GhAINVs were possibly associated with stress response. GhCWINV4, highly expressed in PEG treatment, was cloned, and subsequent virus‐induced gene silencing assay confirmed that this gene was involved in the drought stress response. Overall, this study might be helpful for further analyzing the biological function of AINVs and provide clues for improving the resistance of cotton to stress.
The MADS‐box gene PpPI is a key regulator of the double‐flower trait in peach
Authors: Cai Yaming , Wang Lu , Ogutu Collins Otieno , Yang Qiurui , Luo Binwen , Liao Liao , Zheng Beibei , Zhang Ruoxi , Han Yuepeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDouble flower is an invaluable trait in ornamental peach, but the mechanism underlying its development remains largely unknown. Here, we report the roles of ABCE model genes in double flower development in peach. A total of nine ABCE regulatory genes, including eight MADS‐box genes and one AP2/EREBP gene, were identified in the peach genome. Subcellular localization assay showed that all the ABCE proteins were localized in the nucleus. Four genes, PpAP1, PpAP3, PpSEP3, and PpPI, showed a difference in expression levels between single and double flowers. Ectopic overexpression of PpPI increased petal number in Arabidopsis, while transgenic lines overexpressing PpAP3 or PpSEP3 were morphologically similar to wild‐type. Ectopic overexpression of PpAP1 resulted in a significant decrease in the number of basal leaves and caused early flowering. These results suggest that PpPI is likely crucial for double flower development in peach. In addition, double flowers have petaloid sepals and stamens, and single flower could occasionally change to be double flower by converting stamens to petals in peach, suggesting that the double‐flower trait is likely to have evolved from an ancestral single‐flower structure. Our results provide new insights into mechanisms underlying the double‐flower trait in peach.
Inorganic nitrogen uptake rate ofPicea asperatacurtailed by fine root acclimation to water and nitrogen supply and further by ectomycorrhizae
Authors: Xie Lulu , Zhou Xingmei , Liu Qinghua , Zhao Chunzhang , Yin Chunying 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEctomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi colonization and function depend on soil water and nutrient supply. To study the effects of resource supply on ECM colonization and inorganic nitrogen (N) uptake by roots ofPicea asperataseedlings, we conducted a study at the end of a 5‐year long experiment consisting of five watering regimes (40, 50, 60, 80, and 100% of field capacity) and three NH4NO3application rates (0 [N0], 20 [N1], and 40 [N2] g N m−2 year−1). We measured fluxes of ammonium () and nitrate () into colonized and uncolonized roots using noninvasive microtest technology. We found that, across the N supply levels, ECM colonization rate increased by 53 ± 14% from the highest to the lowest level of water supply. Across the watering regimes, the fraction of mycorrhizal root tips was 39 ± 4% higher under native N supply compared to roots grown under N additions. As expected for conifers, both colonized and uncolonized roots absorbedat a higher rate than. N additions reduced the instantaneous ion uptake rates of uncolonized roots grown under low water supply but enhanced the fluxes into roots grown under sufficient soil water availability. Soil water supply improves inorganic N uptake by uncolonized roots but reduces the efficiency of colonized roots. Under the lowest water supply regime, the uptake rate ofandby colonized roots was 40–80% of those by uncolonized roots, decreasing to 20–30% as soil water supply improved. Taken together, our results suggest that the role ectomycorrhizae play in the nutrient acquisition ofP. asperataseedling likely diminishes with increasing availability of soil resources.
Comparative proteomics of Pinus–Fusarium circinatum interactions reveal metabolic clues to biotic stress resistance
Authors: Amaral Joana , Lamelas Laura , Valledor Luis , Castillejo María Ángeles , Alves Artur , Pinto Glória 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFusarium circinatum, causing pine pitch canker (PPC), affects conifers productivity and health worldwide. Selection and breeding for resistance arises as the most promising approach to fight PPC. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the response of hosts with varying levels of susceptibility to PPC to unveil the genes/pathways behind these phenotypes. We evaluated the dynamics of the needle proteome of a susceptible (Pinus radiata) and a relatively resistant (Pinus pinea) species upon F. circinatum inoculation by GeLC‐MS/MS. Integration with physiological data and validation of key genes by qPCR allowed to identify core pathways regulating these contrasting responses. In P. radiata, the pathogen may target both the secondary metabolism to negatively regulate immune response and chloroplast redox proteins to increase energy‐producing pathways for amino acid production in its favour. In contrast, chloroplast redox regulation may assure redox homeostasis in P. pinea, as well as nonenzymatic antioxidants. The presence of membrane trafficking‐related proteins exclusively in P. pinea likely explains its defence response against F. circinatum. A crosstalk between abscisic acid and epigenetic regulation of gene expression is also proposed in PPC response. These results are useful to support breeding programs aiming to achieve PPC resistance.
Leaf photosynthetic plasticity does not predict biomass responses to growth irradiance in rice
Authors: Chen Lin , Luo Wanzhen , Huang Jianliang , Peng Shaobing , Xiong Dongliang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity, the capacity of an organism to generate alternative phenotypes in response to different environments, is a particularly important characteristic to enable sessile plants to adapt to rapid changes in their surroundings. Leaf anatomical and physiological traits exhibit plasticity in response to growth irradiances, but it is relatively unclear if the plasticity varies among genotypes for a species. Equally importantly, empirical results on how leaf‐level plasticity influences whole‐plant growth are largely absent. We conducted an integrated investigation into the light‐introduced plasticity by measuring 48 traits involving plant growth, leaf anatomy, leaf biochemistry, and leaf physiology of five rice genotypes grown under two irradiances. More than half of the estimated traits were significantly affected by growth light intensities, and the sizes of the cumulative effect of growth light ranged from −25.04% (stomatal conductance at high measurement light) to 135.2% (tiller number). Growth irradiance levels dramatically shifted the relationship between photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. However, the relationship between photosynthetic rate and mesophyll conductance was rarely influenced by growth light levels. Importantly, the present study highlights the significant variation in trait plasticity across rice genotypes and that the light‐introduced biomass changes were rarely predicted by leaf photosynthetic plasticity. Our findings imply that the genotypes with high productivity at the low growth light conditions do not necessarily have high productivity under high light conditions.
A practical approach to dental care for patients with Wolf‐Hirschhorn syndrome
Authors: Serrano Martín Candela , Fernández Feijoo Javier , García Mato Eliane , Varela Aneiros Iván , Diniz Freitas Marcio , Vázquez García Emma , Limeres Posse Jacobo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWolf‐Hirschhorn syndrome is a polymalformative chromosomal disorder caused by a deletion in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4. The disease is considered rare (1/50,000 births) and predominantly affects females (2:1). In addition to the characteristic facial phenotype (“Greek warrior helmet”), its clinical manifestations include epilepsy, developmental and psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, cardiac and respiratory complications, and eating problems. The most prevalent oral manifestations are hypodontia, delayed tooth eruption, morphological dental abnormalities, dental malocclusions, cleft lip/palate and ogival palate. Based on our clinical experience, Wolf‐Hirschhorn syndrome does not represent an absolute contraindication for any type of dental procedure. The feasibility of dental treatment will depend mainly on the degree of epilepsy control and on the level of collaboration, this latter conditioned by the severity of the intellectual disability and communication difficulties.
Dental implants in individuals living with HIV‐1: Results from a prospective study in patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Vidal Fábio , Peres Rafael Vidal , de Souza Rodrigo Carvalho , Gonçalves Cristiane , Pavan Priscila , Gonçalves Lucio Souza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess survival and success rates of dental implants and the occurrence of peri‐implant diseases (mucositis/peri‐implantitis) in HIV‐1‐infected individuals.Material and methodsIn this prospective study, 13 HIV‐1‐infected individuals undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (with undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels, and CD4+ T cells > 350/mm3) were followed after implant placement, as well as 13 non‐HIV‐1‐infected matched controls. Patients enrolled in this study were followed up to 120 months (mean = 40.6 months; standard deviation = 22.2; range 18 –120 months). Twenty‐five implants were placed in pristine healed sites for each group and bone augmentation procedures, when needed, were done only for contour augmentation. Patients were enrolled in a strict periodontal/peri‐implant supportive therapy protocol with three recalls per year. The two groups were compared regarding subject‐level characteristics (age, gender, smoking, diabetes) and implant‐level characteristics (marginal bone level, peri‐implant health status).ResultsAll the implants healed uneventfully and reached 100% survival rates (after at least 18 months) in both groups. There were no significant differences between groups for peri‐implant diseases (mucositis/peri‐implantitis) and for all subject‐level co‐variables (p > .05). Only the variables dental implant prosthesis type (DIPT) (p = .021, d = .86) and follow up (p = .011, d = .77) showed statistically significant differences between groups.ConclusionThe findings suggest that well‐controlled HIV‐1‐infected individuals are eligible to undergo implant therapy, achieving survival and success rates comparable to non‐HIV‐1‐infected controls.
Non‐palimpsested crowded Skolithos ichnofabrics in a Carboniferous tidal rhythmite: Disentangling ecological signatures from the spatio‐temporal bias of outcrop
Authors: Allport Hamilton A. , Davies Neil S. , Shillito Anthony P. , Mitchell Emily G. , Herron Seán T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA heterolithic tidalite succession yielding spring–neap bundles is newly reported from a mid‐Carboniferous (Serpukhovian) section of the Alston Formation of Northumberland, England. The rhythmite records deposition over an interval that can be confidently calibrated to at least 84 lunar days, and attests to a non‐negligible tidal range in parts of the Northwest European Seaway in the late Mississippian. The tidalite is notable for the presence of a striking crowded Skolithos ichnofabric on both bedding planes and in vertical section. Bedding plane expressions of the ichnofabric reveal true substrates of sand piles excavated during burrow construction, in addition to an apparently remarkable equal spacing between individual burrows that is shown to be genuine through pair correlation function analysis. These characteristics show that the burrowed horizons were registered by contemporaneous ichnocoenoses, with no palimpsesting of burrows. The irregular vertical distribution of burrow horizons, despite a near‐continuous semi‐diurnal record of sedimentation, is suggested to be an artefact of spatial patchiness of burrowing communities in the depositional environment; imperfectly registered in a vertical profile with high‐temporal, low‐spatial resolution. The succession proves that burrow palimpsesting is not an inevitable ichnological conclusion of sedimentary stasis, and attests to intermittent palaeoecological fidelity of the stratigraphic record at the small spatio‐temporal scales recorded at outcrop.
Ectopic expression of OsJAZ6, which interacts with OsJAZ1, alters JA signaling and spikelet development in rice
Authors: Cao Lichun , Tian Jiaqi , Liu Yilin , Chen Xiaofei , Li Siqi , Persson Staffan , Lu Dan , Chen Mingjiao , Luo Zhijing , Zhang Dabing , Yuan Zheng 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYJasmonates (JAs) are key phytohormones that regulate plant responses and development. JASMONATE‐ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins safeguard JA signaling by repressing JA‐responsive gene expression in the absence of JA. However, the interaction and cooperative roles of JAZ repressors remain unclear during plant development. Here, we found that OsJAZ6 interacts with OsJAZ1 depending on a single amino acid in the so‐called ZIM domain of OsJAZ6 in rice JA signaling transduction and JA‐regulated rice spikelet development. In vivo protein distribution analysis revealed that the OsJAZ6 content is efficiently regulated during spikelet development, and biochemical and genetic evidence showed that OsJAZ6 is more sensitive to JA‐mediated degradation than OsJAZ1. Through over‐ and mis‐expression experiments, we further showed that the protein stability and levels of OsJAZ6 orchestrate the output of JA signaling during rice spikelet development. A possible mechanism, which outlines how OsJAZ repressors interact and function synergistically in specifying JA signaling output through degradation titration, is also discussed.
Regulatory functions of ROS dynamics via glutathione metabolism and glutathione peroxidase activity in developing rice zygote
Authors: Rattanawong Kasidit , Koiso Narumi , Toda Erika , Kinoshita Atsuko , Tanaka Mari , Tsuji Hiroyuki , Okamoto Takashi 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYReactive oxygen species (ROS) play essential roles in plant development and environmental stress responses. In this study, ROS dynamics, the glutathione redox status, the expression and subcellular localization of glutathione peroxidases (GPXs), and the effects of inhibitors of ROS‐mediated metabolism were investigated along with fertilization and early zygotic embryogenesis in rice (Oryza sativa). Zygotes and early embryos exhibited developmental arrest upon inhibition of ROS production. Egg cells accumulated high ROS levels, and, after fertilization, intracellular ROS levels progressively declined in zygotes in which de novo expression of GPX1 and 3 was observed through upregulation of the genes. In addition to inhibition of GPX activity, depletion of glutathione impeded early embryonic development and led to failure of the zygote to appropriately decrease H2O2 levels. Moreover, through monitoring of the glutathione redox status, the developing zygotes exhibited a progressive glutathione oxidation, which became extremely delayed under inhibited GPX activity. Our results provide insights into the importance of ROS dynamics, GPX antioxidant activity, and glutathione redox metabolism during zygotic/embryonic development.
Collage: Intimate Black geographies
Authors: Télémanque Nathaniel , Jones Naya , Hirsch Lioba , Gayle Rita 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs part of the tribute for this Themed Intervention, this collage reflects on the loss of loved ones during the COVID‐19 pandemic and on the impact of on‐going environmental crises. We also reflect on ancestors, practices, and places that have fortified us during this time. In this collaborative visual archive, we document what was happening in the near past as we crafted our contributions for this collection. At the same time, this collage underscores the Black intimate geographies we have lived and the intimacy we practised in the course of its making.
NY‐LON 2020: The changing relations between London and New York in corporate globalisation
Authors: Taylor Peter J. , Derudder Ben 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLondon and New York are the leading cities in the world of corporate globalisation: their financial, professional, and creative services are at the centre of the commercial connections that constitute the world city network. The relations between the two cities are more complementary than competitive, commonly indicated by the concept of NY‐LON as a trans‐oceanic service conglomerate for facilitating economic globalisation. However, world city network analysis shows London growing its overall servicing connectivity more than New York. This change in the inter‐city relation is investigated through focus on the service connectivity and agglomeration capacities of the two cities. It is found that they share a very similar connectivity regional profile while simultaneously showing stark differences in their service agglomeration sector profiles. This is shown to be the result of London gaining the rapidly growing super‐rich servicing market. Thus while New York continues its long‐term production of financial innovations, London has grown an offshore platform for global capital specifically in the form of the world’s money management centre.