bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ENPEP as a potential predictor of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy
Authors: Wang Aoyun , Chu Han , Jin Zheng , Gong Zhihua , Jia Qingzhu , Zhu Bo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe gene ENPEP encodes glutamyl aminopeptidase, which can cut N‐terminal aspartic acid from angiotensin II, and is related to tumorigenesis and immune microenvironment, however, the association between the expression of ENPEP and benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has had no investigation.MethodsWe assess the immunotherapeutic predictive performance of ENPEP expression and mutation in multiple cohorts, including one discovery cohort (Pender cohort), four validation cohorts (Hugo cohort; Liu cohort; Mariathasan cohort; Zhao cohort), and one mutation cohort (Miao cohort). Cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to explore mechanism and analysis prognosis.ResultsIn the discovery cohort, patients with lower ENPEP expression had superior response rates (47.2% vs. 36.1%) and over‐all survival (OS) (HR [95% CI] = 0.61 [0.39–0.96]; p = 0.032) compared with those with higher ENPEP expression. The association between ENPEP and immunotherapy efficacy was consistently observed in validation cohorts (Hugo: OS HR [95% CI] = 0.41 [0.11–1.45], p = 0.158; Liu: OS HR [95% CI] = 0.73 [0.44–1.20], p = 0.211; Mariathasan: OS HR [95% CI] = 0.84 [0.65–1.09], p = 0.181; Zhao: OS HR [95% CI] = 0.20 [0.04–1.01], p = 0.033; Pooled cohort: OS HR [95% CI] = 0.76 [0.61–0.95], p = 0.015), and in the mutation cohort (ENPEP mutation vs. wild type (WT), OS HR [95% CI] = 0.46 [0.26–0.93], p = 0.017). Reliably, ENPEP is associated with M2 macrophage infiltration and activation in TCGA.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated ENPEP is a potential biomarker to classify patients’ response to ICIs treatment.
The Small Open Reading Frame‐Encoded Peptides: Advances in Methodologies and Functional Studies
Authors: Chen Lei , Yang Ying , Zhang Yuanliang , Li Kecheng , Cai Hongmin , Wang Hongwei , Zhao Qian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSmall open reading frames (sORFs) are an important class of genes with less than 100 codons. They were historically annotated as noncoding or even junk sequences. In recent years, accumulating evidence suggests that sORFs could encode a considerable number of polypeptides, many of which play important roles in both physiology and disease pathology. However, it has been technically challenging to directly detect sORF‐encoded peptides (SEPs). Here, we discuss the latest advances in methodologies for identifying SEPs with mass spectrometry, as well as the progress on functional studies of SEPs.
Instantaneous wave‐free ratio for guiding treatment of nonculprit lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A retrospective study
Authors: Hidalgo Francisco , Gonzalez‐Manzanares Rafael , Ojeda Soledad , Benito‐González Tomás , Gutiérrez‐Barrios Alejandro , De la Torre Hernández José María , Minguito‐Carazo Carlos , Izaga‐Torralba Elena , Cabrera‐Rubio Indira , Flores‐Vergara Guisela , de Lezo Javier Suárez , Romero‐Moreno Miguel , de Prado Armando Pérez , Pan Manuel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze the feasibility of a physiological coronary evaluation with the instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR) of nonculprit lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) successfully revascularized.MethodsA multicenter registry including patients of four high‐volume PCI centers with ACS and underwent successful revascularization of the culprit vessel and had other nonculprit lesions that were physiologically evaluated with the iFR between January 2017 and December 2019. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, probable or definitive stent thrombosis and new revascularization (MACEs).ResultsA total of 356 patients with 472 nonculprit lesions were included. The mean age was 66 ± 11 years. The clinical presentation was ACS without persistent ST‐segment elevation (NSTE‐ACS) in 235 patients (66%) and ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in 121 patients (34%). After a median follow‐up period of 21 (14‐30) months, the primary endpoint occurred in 32 patients (9%). There were no differences in outcomes regarding clinical presentation (NSTEMI vs. NSTE‐ACS, 9.1 vs. 8.9%, padj = 0.570) or iFR induced treatment strategy (patients with all lesions revascularized vs. patients with at least one lesion with an iFR > 0.89 deferred for revascularization, 10.5 vs. 8.4%, padj = 0.476).ConclusionsThe use of the iFR to guide percutaneous coronary intervention decision making in nonculprit lesions seems to be feasible, with an acceptable percentage of MACEs at the mid‐term follow‐up. Patients with deferred revascularization of lesions without physiological significance and patients undergoing complete revascularization had a similar risk of MACEs.
Improving High‐Voltage Performance of a LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Cathode with Triallyl Phosphite as an Electrolyte Additive
Authors: Fan Shilei , Sun Mingzhu , Liu Yingchun , Wang Qi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTriallyl phosphite (TAPi) is studied as an electrolyte additive for high‐voltage LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathodes. Theoretical calculations combined with linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) tests demonstrate that TAPi tends to be preferentially oxidized and suppresses the decomposition of traditional carbonate‐based electrolytes. In addition, the hydrolysis of LiPF6 salt in the electrolyte is investigated by 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, which prove that TAPi inhibits the decomposition of LiPF6. The results of charge/discharge measurements show that TAPi is effective to improve the capacity retention of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/Li half‐cell and LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/graphite full‐cell. The mechanism of TAPi is studied by a series of physical characterizations, the results indicate that TAPi forms a protective interphase film on the cathode surface after cycling. The TAPi‐derived film protects the cathode structure from destruction to improve the electrochemical performance of the LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode at high voltage.
Structural and Functional Analysis of Bacterial Sulfonosphingolipids and Rosette‐Inducing Factor 2 (RIF‐2) by Mass Spectrometry‐Guided Isolation and Total Synthesis
Authors: Leichnitz Daniel , Peng Chia‐Chi , Raguž Luka , Rutaganira Florentine U. N. , Jautzus Theresa , Regestein Lars , King Nicole , Beemelmanns Christine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe have analyzed the abundance of bacterial sulfonosphingolipids, including rosette‐inducing factors (RIFs), in seven bacterial prey strains by using high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS2) and molecular networking (MN) within the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) web platform. Six sulfonosphingolipids resembling RIFs were isolated and their structures were elucidated based on comparative MS and NMR studies. Here, we also report the first total synthesis of two RIF‐2 diastereomers and one congener in 15 and eight synthetic steps, respectively. For the total synthesis of RIF‐2 congeners, we employed a decarboxylative cross‐coupling reaction to synthesize the necessary branched α‐hydroxy fatty acids, and the Garner‐aldehyde approach to generate the capnine base carrying three stereogenic centers. Bioactivity studies in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta revealed that the rosette inducing activity of RIFs is inhibited dose dependently by the co‐occurring sulfonosphingolipid sulfobacins D and F and that activity of RIFs is specific for isolates obtained from Algoriphagus.
2‐Diphenylphosphinoyl‐acetyl as a Remote Directing Group for the Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Glycosides
Authors: Liu Xianglai , Lin Yetong , Liu Ao , Sun Qianhui , Sun Huiyong , Xu Peng , Li Guolong , Song Yingying , Xie Weijia , Sun Haopeng , Yu Biao , Li Wei 
Published: December 2021

Comprehensive SummaryThe configuration of the anomeric glycosidic linkages is crucial for maintaining the biological functions and activities of carbohydrate molecules. However, their stereochemistry control in glycosylation represents one of the most challenging tasks in carbohydrate chemistry. In this report, the easily accessible 2‐diphenylphosphinoyl‐acetyl (DPPA) group was developed as a highly stereodirecting group for catalytic glycosylation via hydrogen‐bond mediated delivery of the alcoholic acceptors. TMSOTf‐catalyzed glycosylation with DPPA‐installed glycosyl imidate donors displayed excellent β‐selectivities and broad substrate scope, particularly practical to synthesize the challenging β‐configured 2‐deoxy and 2‐azido‐2‐deoxy glycosides from poor acceptors suffering from electron‐deficiency, steric hindrance, and structural rigidity. Chemoselective removal of the DPPA group could be readily achieved under the mild catalysis of Ni(OTf)2 without affecting acid‐ or base‐labile functional groups, facilitating a rapid conversion to biologically important molecules such as uronic acids and 2,6‐deoxy glycosides. The application of this DPPA‐directed glycosylation was further highlighted in the complex synthesis toward saponin dioscin using 2,4‐O‐glycosylated donor in a convergent manner.
Increases in positive emotions as precursors to therapeutic change
Authors: McNeil Galen D. , Repetti Rena L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIncreases in positive emotions may not only be indicators of progress in therapy but also precursors to that improvement. Conducted in a psychology training clinic, this naturalistic, repeated‐measures study tracked changes over the course of therapy in 34 clients' emotional experience and two of the primary targets of clinical interventions, symptom distress and relationship functioning. During treatment, positive emotions increased, negative emotions decreased, and improvements were seen in therapeutic outcomes. Positive and negative emotions were correlated, as were changes in positive and negative emotions. However, despite this association, increases in positive emotions were a significant predictor of concurrent improvements in symptom distress and relationship functioning, even when decreases in negative emotions were included in the same model. Additionally, positive emotions not only predicted change in these treatment outcomes over the same time period, but they also predicted future change. This study contributes to research on the critical role positive emotions play in psychotherapy and may encourage the development of interventions focusing on increasing positive emotions. These findings highlight the distinct functioning of positive emotions separate from negative and the value of attending to positive emotions during therapy.
Anticoagulant Treatment Regimens in Patients With Covid‐19: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Jorda Anselm , Siller‐Matula Jolanta M. , Zeitlinger Markus , Jilma Bernd , Gelbenegger Georg 
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is associated with a hypercoagulable state. It has been hypothesized that higher‐dose anticoagulation, including therapeutic‐dose and intermediate‐dose anticoagulation, is superior to prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation in the treatment of COVID‐19. This meta‐analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of higher‐dose anticoagulation compared with prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation in patients with COVID‐19. Ten randomized controlled open‐label trials with a total of 5,753 patients were included. The risk of death and net adverse clinical events (including death, thromboembolic events, and major bleeding) were similar between higher‐dose and prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation (risk ratio (RR) 0.96, 95% CI, 0.79–1.16, P = 0.66 and RR 0.87, 95% CI, 0.73–1.03, P = 0.11, respectively). Higher‐dose anticoagulation, compared with prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation, decreased the risk of thromboembolic events (RR 0.63, 95% CI, 0.47–0.84, P = 0.002) but increased the risk of major bleeding (RR 1.76, 95% CI, 1.19–2.62, P = 0.005). The risk of death showed no statistically significant difference between higher‐dose anticoagulation and prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation in noncritically ill patients (RR 0.87, 95% CI, 0.50–1.52, P = 0.62) and in critically ill patients with COVID‐19 (RR 1.04, 95% CI, 0.93–1.17, P = 0.5). The risk of death was similar between therapeutic‐dose vs. prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.69–1.21, P = 0.54) and between intermediate‐dose vs. prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.63–1.61, P = 0.98). In patients with markedly increased d‐dimer levels, higher‐dose anticoagulation was also not associated with a decreased risk of death as compared with prophylactic‐dose anticoagulation (RR 0.86, 95% CI, 0.64–1.16, P = 0.34). Without any clear evidence of survival benefit, these findings do not support the routine use of therapeutic‐dose or intermediate‐dose anticoagulation in critically or noncritically ill patients with COVID‐19.
New‐Generation Carbon‐Capture Ionic Liquids Regulated by Metal‐Ion Coordination
Authors: Suo Xian , Yang Zhenzhen , Fu Yuqing , Do‐Thanh Chi‐Linh , Maltsev Dmitry , Luo Huimin , Mahurin Shannon M. , Jiang De‐en , Xing Huabin , Dai Sheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDevelopment of efficient carbon capture‐and‐release technologies with minimal energy input is a long‐term challenge in mitigating CO2 emissions, especially via CO2 chemisorption driven by engineered chemical bond construction. Herein, taking advantage of the structural diversity of ionic liquids (ILs) in tuning their physical and chemical properties, precise reaction energy regulation of CO2 chemisorption was demonstrated deploying metal‐ion‐amino‐based ionic liquids (MAILs) as absorbents. The coordination ability of different metal sites (Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, and Mg) to amines was harnessed to achieve fine‐tuning on stability constants of the metal ion‐amine complexes, acting as the corresponding cations in the construction of diverse ILs coupled with CO2‐philic anions. The as‐afforded MAILs exhibited efficient and controllable CO2 release behavior with great reduction in energy input and minimal sacrifice on CO2 uptake capacity. This coordination‐regulated approach offers new prospects for the development of ILs‐based systems and beyond towards energy‐efficient carbon capture technologies.
A 1‐year follow‐up study of the longitudinal interplay between emotion dysregulation and childhood trauma in the treatment of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Cassioli Emanuele , Rossi Eleonora , D'Anna Giulio , Martelli Michela , Hazzard Vivienne M. , Crosby Ross D. , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Ricca Valdo , Castellini Giovanni 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to investigate the complex relationship between eating disorder (ED) specific psychopathology, emotion dysregulation, and their longitudinal variations in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) treated with a multidisciplinary approach including enhanced cognitive‐behavior therapy (CBT‐E), and to provide an integrated model which includes childhood trauma as a predictor of worse treatment outcomes.MethodIn total, 120 female patients with AN were evaluated at admission (T0), and 105 were re‐evaluated after 1 year (T1) of treatment. At T0, patients underwent a clinical assessment and filled the Symptom Checklist 90‐Revised (SCL90‐R), the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). SCL‐90‐R, EDE‐Q, and DERS were readministered at T1. Variations between T0 and T1 were evaluated, and the proposed model was investigated using bivariate latent change score analysis in a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework.ResultsAn overall significant clinical amelioration was observed after treatment. A unidirectional effect of DERS scores on EDE‐Q variations was outlined by SEM: patients with higher baseline DERS scores achieved less EDE‐Q improvements, and EDE‐Q latent change score was significantly predicted by longitudinal variations of DERS—but not vice versa. Higher CTQ scores predicted reduced treatment efficacy for ED‐specific psychopathology through the mediating effect of higher baseline DERS scores.DiscussionThe present study sheds light on the mechanism by which early trauma compromises treatment outcome in patients with AN, underlining the crucial role of emotional dysregulation.
Camera trap reveals the co‐occurrence patterns of two sympatric muntjac species in southern Anhui Province, China: No spatial segregation
Authors: Deng Shuaitao , Li Jiaqi , Qu Yashu , He Jun , Liu Kai , Xue Hui , Cui Peng , Ruan Xiangdong , Wu Hailong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe competitive relationship and coexistence pattern among close related species have long been one of the hot issues in ecological research. Interspecies interactions can exert important influences on the local distribution of rare species. Black muntjac Muntiacus crinifrons is an endemic species to eastern China, currently restricted to limited regions. In contrast, Chinese muntjac Muntiacus reevesi is the most common and widespread deer in southern China. Both species co‐occur in southern Anhui and western Zhejiang Province. Little is known about the interaction of these two sympatric‐related species. In this study, to investigate the site use determinants and co‐occurrence pattern of the two sympatric muntjac species, we conducted a camera trap survey across about 250 km2 in mountainous area of southern Anhui Province, China. We adopted a multistep approach to incorporate habitat preferences while modeling occupancy and detection. We found that the two species did not separate along elevation gradient (range from 400 m to 1,400 m) as described in previous studies. Results of single‐species occupancy models indicated that elevation had positive effects on the site use of both species, while slope had an opposite influence on their site use. Positive effects of elevation on the site use implied that both species try to avoid human interference at low elevations. Significant negative effect of slope on the site use of black muntjac suggested that the species prefer habitat with gentle slope and avoided steep. Co‐occurrence models and species interaction factors provided evidence that the two muntjac species had an independent occupancy (ψBM CM = ψBM cm, SIF = 1) and exhibited a positive species interaction in detection probability (pBM < rBM CM). Combined with the results of previous studies, we suggested that it was fine differentiation in microhabitats and food resources utilization rather spatial or temporal segregation that allowed the two species co‐occurrence. The site use determinants revealed in our study would be useful for the habitat conservation and restoration for the rare black muntjac, and the co‐occurrence pattern of the two sympatric muntjac species could provide useful information for deep understanding of the coexistence mechanism among forest‐dwelling ungulates.
Diabetes and treatment of chronic heart failure in a large real‐world heart failure population
Authors: Radhoe Sumant P. , Veenis Jesse F. , Linssen Gerard C.M. , van der Lee Chris , Eurlings Luc W.M. , Kragten Hans , Al‐Windy Nadea Y.Y. , van der Spank Aukje , Koudstaal Stefan , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsAlthough diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common co‐morbidity in chronic heart failure (HF) patients, European data on concurrent HF and DM treatment are lacking. Therefore, we have studied the HF treatment of patients with and without DM. Additionally, with the recent breakthrough of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in the field of HF, we studied the potential impact of this new drug in a large cohort of HF patients.Methods and resultsA total of 7488 patients with chronic HF with a left ventricular ejection fraction <50% from 34 Dutch outpatient HF clinics between 2013 and 2016 were analysed on diabetic status and background HF therapy. Average age of the total population was 72.8 years (±11.7 years), and 64% of the patients were male. Diabetes was present in 29% of the patients (N = 2174). Diabetics had a worse renal function (mean estimated glomerular filtration rate 56 vs. 61 mL/min/1.73 m2, P < 0.001). Renin–angiotensin system inhibitors were less often prescribed in diabetics compared with non‐diabetics (79% vs. 82%, P = 0.001), while no significant differences regarding other guideline‐recommended HF drugs were found. Target doses of beta‐blockers (23% vs. 16%, P < 0.001), renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (47% vs. 43%, P = 0.009), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (57% vs. 51%, P = 0.005) were more often prescribed in diabetics than non‐diabetics. Based on the latest trials on SGLT2 inhibitors, 31–64% of all HF patients would fulfil the eligibility or enrichment criteria (with vs. without N‐terminal prohormone BNP criterion).ConclusionsIn this large real‐world HF registry, a high prevalence of DM was observed and diabetics more often received guideline‐recommended target doses. Based on current evidence, the majority of patients would fulfil the enrichment criteria of SGLT2 trials in HF and the impact of this new drug class will be large.
Unravelling the Mystery: Enlightenment of the Uncommon Electrochemistry of Naphthalene Monoimide [FeFe] Hydrogenase Mimics
Authors: Benndorf Stefan , Hofmeister Elisabeth , Wächtler Maria , Görls Helmar , Liebing Phil , Peneva Kalina , Gräfe Stefanie , Kupfer Stephan , Dietzek‐Ivanšić Benjamin , Weigand Wolfgang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract[FeFe] hydrogenase mimicking complexes containing N‐substituted naphthalene monoimide (NMI) of peri‐substituted dichalcogenides as bridging ligands have been prepared and characterized using different spectroscopic as well as by X‐ray diffraction methods. The redox behaviour has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, IR and UV‐Vis spectroelectrochemistry (IR and UV‐Vis SEC), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and quantum chemical simulations. IR SEC and EPR experiments combined with DFT calculations revealed the non‐innocent character of the NMI bridging ligands. EPR spectroscopy was applied to study the singly and doubly reduced state. Chemical reduction with one equivalent of Cp*2Co revealed the formation of an organic radical with a g‐value of 2.0028 at room temperature. When two equivalents of Cp*2Co were used to carry out the second reduction, no EPR signal could be detected anymore. IR SEC measurements indicate the formation of an EPR‐silent dimeric structure after the second reduction.
The ‘mixed bag’ of segregation—On positive and negative associations with migrants’ acculturation
Authors: Boileau Lucia L. A. , Bless Herbert , Gebauer Jochen E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMany researchers and practitioners consider ethnic segregation in neighbourhoods or schools detrimental to migrants’ acculturation in host societies. Empirically, however, segregation is a 'mixed bag' and its effects depend crucially on the investigated acculturation domain (e.g., negative for language skills, positive for well‐being). As most prior studies have focused on a restricted spectrum of acculturation, a comprehensive assessment within one single study is needed to establish comparability across different acculturation domains. Among over 8000 immigrant‐background students from four countries, we investigated the association of classroom segregation, defined as opportunities for contact with natives and other migrants, with a broad spectrum of acculturation (academic, attitude‐related, identity‐related, social, health‐related, and psychological criteria). Some findings were consistent (e.g., academic acculturation), some were contrary to prior research (e.g., social acculturation). In sum, our results shed light on the 'mixed bag' of segregation and contribute to the understanding of a crucial social issue.