bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Provider Training Level Associated with First Pass Success of Endotracheal Intubation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit?
Authors: Pande Chetna K. , Stayer Kelsey , Rappold Thomas , Alvin Madeleine , Koszela Keri , Kudchadkar Sapna R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEndotracheal intubation is a life-saving procedure in critically ill pediatric patients and a foundational skill for critical care trainees. Multiple intubation attempts are associated with increased adverse events and increased morbidity and mortality. Thus, we aimed to determine patient and provider factors associated with first pass success of endotracheal intubation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This prospective, single-center quality improvement study evaluated patient and provider factors associated with multiple intubation attempts in a tertiary care, academic, PICU from May 2017 to May 2018. The primary outcome was the number of tracheal intubation attempts. Predictive factors for first pass success were analyzed by using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. A total of 98 intubation encounters in 75 patients were analyzed. Overall first pass success rate was 67% (66/98), and 7% (7/98) of encounters required three or more attempts. A Pediatric critical care medicine (PCCM) fellow was the first laryngoscopist in 94% (92/98) of encounters with a first pass success rate of 67% (62/92). Age of patient, history of difficult airway, provider training level, previous intubation experience, urgency of intubation, and time of day were not predictive of first pass success. First pass success improved slightly with increasing fellow year (fellow year = 1, 66%; fellow year = 2, 68%; fellow year = 3, 69%) but was not statistically significant. We identified no intrinsic or extrinsic factors associated with first pass intubation success. At a time when PCCM fellow intubation experience is at risk of declining, PCCM fellows should continue to take the first attempt at most intubations in the PICU.
Strain Typing of Trichosporon asahii Clinical Isolates by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis
Authors: Premamalini Thayanidhi , Rajyoganandh Vijayaraman , Vijayakumar Ramaraj , Veena Hemanth , Kindo Anupma Jyoti , Marak Rungmei SK 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to identify and isolate Trichosporon asahii (T. asahii) from clinical samples and to assess the genetic relatedness of the most frequently isolated strains of T. asahii using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers GAC-1 and M13.
Methods All the clinical samples that grew Trichosporon species, identified and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Trichosporon genus-specific primers, were considered for the study. Confirmation of the species T. asahii was carried out by T. asahii-specific PCR. Fingerprinting of the most frequently isolated T. asahii isolates was carried out by RAPD using random primers GAC-1 and M13.
Results Among the 72 clinical isolates of Trichosporon sp. confirmed by Trichosporon-specific PCR, 65 were found to be T. asahii as identified by T. asahii-specific PCR. Fingerprinting of the 65 isolates confirmed as T. asahii using GAC-1 RAPD primer yielded 11 different patterns, whereas that of M13 primer produced only 5 patterns. The pattern I was found to be the most predominant type (29.2%) followed by pattern III (16.9%) by GAC-1 primer.
Conclusions This study being the first of its kind in India on strain typing of T. asahii isolates by adopting RAPD analysis throws light on genetic diversity among the T. asahii isolates from clinical samples. Fingerprinting by RAPD primer GAC-1 identified more heterogeneity among the T. asahii isolates than M13.
Evaluation of Metabolic Effects of Nusinersen in Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Becker Lena-Luise , Weiss Claudia , Günther René , Hermann Andreas , Theophil Manuela , Hübner Angela , Smitka Martin , von der Hagen Maja , Kaindl Angela M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNusinersen is the first disease-modifying therapy for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), but there are few data on potential long-term endocrinological and metabolic systemic effects of this novel treatment as well as metabolic alterations in SMA itself. In this retrospective and multicentric study, we analyzed anthropometric, endocrinological, and motor function data of 81 pediatric and adult patients with SMA1 to 3 undergoing treatment with nusinersen. In 39 patients (51%), we observed a slight increase in body mass index (BMI) centiles under treatment with nusinersen, especially in patients with SMA2 and in pediatric patients between 3.1 and 12 years. A correlation to the SMN2 copy number or motor function was not found. Additionally, length centiles decreased significantly under treatment. The results of longitudinal endocrinological assessments were interpreted as not clinically significant in most patients; in three patients, the signs of an altered glucose metabolism were present. Our study indicates a putative effect of treatment with nusinersen on BMI, which might be due to a conjoint effect of weight gain and reduction of height velocity, without evidence of correlation to increased muscle function. Further studies need to address specific effects of targeted therapies such as nusinersen or onasemnogene abeparvovec on body composition including fat and muscle mass.
Marked Facial Weakness, Ptosis, and Hanging Jaw: A Case with RYR1-Related Congenital Centronuclear Myopathy
Authors: Singanamalla Bhanudeep , Kesavan Shivan , Aggarwal Divya , Chatterjee Debajyoti , Urtizberea Andoni , Suthar Renu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCongenital myopathies are an expanding spectrum of neuromuscular disorders with early infantile or childhood onset hypotonia and slowly or nonprogressive skeletal muscle weakness. RYR1-related myopathies are the most common and frequently diagnosed class of congenital myopathies. Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility and central core disease are autosomal dominant or de novo RYR1 disorder, whereas multiminicore, congenital fiber type disproportion and centronuclear myopathy are autosomal recessive RYR1 disorders. The presence of ptosis, ophthalmoparesis, facial, and proximal muscles weakness, with the presence of dusty cores and multiple internal nuclei on muscle biopsy are clues to the diagnosis. We describe an 18-year-old male, who presented with early infantile onset ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, myopathic facies, hanging lower jaw, and proximal muscle weakness confirmed as an RYR1-related congenital centronuclear myopathy on genetic analysis and muscle biopsy.
Impact of more than three years of Carnatic music training on the working memory
Authors: Benet Neelesh , Rajalakshmi Krishna , Kumar Vijay 
Published: July 2021

Objective
The impact of music training on development of various cognitive domains are extensively studied and established, however, the mechanism underlying such phenomenon is still unknown. In the present study, the role of more than three years of Carnatic music (a form of Indian music) training on working memory (WM) was tested using an event related potential (ERP) and a standard WM test.

Method
A total of 30 individuals comprised of 15 singers of age range between 16–30 years (M = 23 ± 3.2 years) and 15 non-singers aged between 16–30 years (M = 24 ± 2.9 years) participated in this study. These singers had overall 3 to 5 years of formal Carnatic music training experience. Short-term auditory working memory was assessed using Forward and backward digit span task and it was administered using the APEX software. Cortical activities such as attention, discrimination, and memory were testedusing P300and test was performed using Intelligent Hearing System.

Results
The results revealed that the mean P300 amplitude of singers (M = 5.80, SD = 2.09) was significantly higher compared to the non-singer (M = 3.50, SD = 1.44), t(25)=3.3, p < .05. The Mann-Whitney U-Test was administered and a significant difference between singers and non-singers (|z| = 3.135, p < .05) was observed for digit backward task. However, for digit forward test no significant difference (|z| = 1.523, p > .05) was obtained.

Conclusion
Findings of this study suggests that more than three years of Carnatic singing experience can enhance the neural coding to discriminate subtle differences leading to enhance working memory capacity.
Lying down nystagmus in horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HSC-BPPV)
Authors: Vats Ajay Kumar , Sharma Jugal Kishor , Ramchandani Ghanshyam D. , Kothari Sudhir 
Published: July 2021

Objective
Determining the lateralizing value of lying-down nystagmus (LDN) in horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HSC-BPPV).

Methods
The authors prospectively investigated LDN in 35 consecutive patients of HSC-BPPV (28 geotropic and 7 apogeotropic variants) attending an Otoneurology Centre in South Rajasthan India over a period of 20 months.

Results
LDN was present in 45.7% (16/35) patients of HSC-BPPV; 50% in those with geo-HSC-BPPV (14/28), and 28.6% (2/7) with apo-HSC-BPPV. When present, LDN directs contralaterally in 93% of geo-HSC-BPPV (13/14) and ipsilaterally in 100% of apo-HSC-BPPV (2/2). Only in 1 out of the 35 patients (2.9%), LDN was solitarily decisive in lateralizing the affected canal as the supine roll test elicited nystagmus of symmetric strength on the lateral head roll to either side.

Conclusion
LDN is an important secondary sign of lateralization (SSL) in patients with HSC-BPPV (both geotropic and apogeotropic variants). LDN direction is mainly corroborative, but rarely when the lateral head rolls to either side elicits horizontal positional nystagmus of symmetric strength to either side, it can be solitarily relied on for lateralization.
Transcriptome profiling of two rice genotypes under mild field drought stress during grain-filling stage
Authors: Liang Yuya , Tabien Rodante E , Tarpley Lee , Mohammed Abdul R , Septiningsih Endang M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Drought is one of the most critical abiotic stresses that threaten crop production worldwide. This stress affects the rice crop in all stages of rice development; however, the occurrence during reproductive and grain-filling stages has the most impact on grain yield. Although many global transcriptomic studies have been performed during the reproductive stage in rice, very limited information is available for the grain-filling stage. Hence, we intend to investigate how the rice plant responds to drought stress during the grain-filling stage and how the responses change over time under field conditions. Two rice genotypes were selected for RNA-seq analysis: ‘4610’, previously reported as a moderately tolerant breeding line, and Rondo, an elite indica rice cultivar susceptible to drought conditions. Additionally, 10 agronomic traits were evaluated under normal irrigated and drought conditions. Leaf tissues were collected during grain-filling stages at two time points, 14 and 21 days after the drought treatment, from both the drought field and normal irrigated field conditions. Based on agronomic performances, ‘4610’ was less negatively affected than Rondo under mild drought conditions, and expression profiling largely aligned with the phenotypic data. The transcriptomic data indicated that, in general, ‘4610’ had much earlier responses than its counterpart in mitigating the impact of drought stress. Several key genes and gene families related to drought stress or stress-related conditions were found differentially expressed in this study, including transcription factors, drought tolerance genes and reactive oxygen species scavengers. Furthermore, this study identified novel differentially expressed genes (DEGs) without function annotations that may play roles in drought tolerance-related functions. Some of the important DEGs detected in this study can be targeted for future research.
ClustENMD: efficient sampling of biomolecular conformational space at atomic resolution
Authors: Kaynak Burak T , Zhang She , Bahar Ivet , Doruker Pemra 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Summary
Efficient sampling of conformational space is essential for elucidating functional/allosteric mechanisms of proteins and generating ensembles of conformers for docking applications. However, unbiased sampling is still a challenge especially for highly flexible and/or large systems. To address this challenge, we describe a new implementation of our computationally efficient algorithm ClustENMD that is integrated with ProDy and OpenMM softwares. This hybrid method performs iterative cycles of conformer generation using elastic network model for deformations along global modes, followed by clustering and short molecular dynamics simulations. ProDy framework enables full automation and analysis of generated conformers and visualization of their distributions in the essential subspace.

Availability and implementation
ClustENMD is open-source and freely available under MIT License from https://github.com/prody/ProDy.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clinical characteristics and risk stratification of desmoplakin cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Weijia , Murray Brittney , Tichnell Crystal , Gilotra Nisha A , Zimmerman Stefan L , Gasperetti Alessio , Scheel Paul , Tandri Harikrishna , Calkins Hugh , James Cynthia A 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsDesmoplakin (DSP) cardiomyopathy is an increasingly recognized form of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. With a genotype-specific approach, we characterized the diagnosis, natural history, and risk for ventricular arrhythmia and heart failure in DSP cardiomyopathy.Methods and resultsWe followed 91 individuals [45 probands, 34% male, median age 27.5 years (interquartile interval 20.0–43.9)] with pathogenic or likely pathogenic DSP variants for a median of 4.3 years. Regarding the ventricular involvement, left predominance was most common (n = 22, 28%) followed by bi-ventricular in 12 (15%) and right predominance in 5 (6%). Myocardial injury (chest pain, elevated troponin, normal coronary angiogram) occurred in 20 (22%) individuals. Incidence rates of sustained ventricular arrhythmia and heart failure (ventricular dysfunction ± symptoms) were 5.9 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9–9.1] and 6.7 (95% CI: 4.5–9.8) per 100 person-years, respectively. In univariate regression, myocardial injury was associated with sustained ventricular arrhythmia [hazard ratio (HR) 2.53, 95% CI: 1.05–6.11] and heart failure (HR 7.53, 95% CI: 3.10–18.26). After adjustment, left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;35% and right ventricular dysfunction were prognostic for sustained ventricular arrhythmia while proband status and myocardial injury were prognostic for heart failure (all P &lt; 0.05). The sensitivity of the arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy Task Force Criteria in diagnosing left dominant disease was 0.73; 5/22 (23%) of patients with sustained ventricular arrhythmias did not meet these criteria.ConclusionDSP cardiomyopathy affects both ventricles and carries high risk for ventricular arrhythmia and heart failure. Myocardial injury is associated with worse disease outcomes. Both diagnosis and risk stratification of DSP cardiomyopathy need refinement.
Understanding Elderspeak: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis
Authors: Shaw Clarissa A , Gordon Jean K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Elderspeak is an inappropriate simplified speech register that sounds like baby talk and is used with older adults, especially in health care settings. Understanding the concept of elderspeak is challenging due to varying views about which communicative components constitute elderspeak and whether elderspeak is beneficial or harmful for older adults.

Research Design and Methods
Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis method was used to evaluate the concept of elderspeak through identification of elderspeak’s attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A systematic search using the PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase databases was completed.

Results
Eighty-three theoretical or research articles from 1981 to 2020 were identified. Elderspeak characteristics were categorized by semantic, syntactic, pragmatic, paralinguistic, and nonverbal attributes. The primary antecedent to elderspeak is implicit ageism, in which old age cues and signs of functional or cognitive impairment led to simplified communication, usually from a younger caregiver. Research studies varied in reporting whether elderspeak facilitated or interfered with comprehension by older adults, in part depending on the operational definition of elderspeak and experimental manipulations. Exaggerated prosody, a key feature of elderspeak, was found to reduce comprehension. Elderspeak was generally perceived as patronizing by older adults and speakers were perceived as less respectful. In persons with dementia, elderspeak also increases the probability of resistiveness to care, which is an important correlate of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.

Discussion and Implications
Based on this concept analysis, a new definition of elderspeak is proposed, in which attributes that have been found to enhance comprehension are differentiated from those that do not. Recommendations for consistent operationalization of elderspeak in future research are made.
Free Rosenthal Inequalities on Vector-Valued Symmetric Operator Spaces
Authors: Jiao Yong , Sukochev Fedor , Xie Guangheng , Zanin Dmitriy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a finite von Neumann algebra and let $E$ be an interpolation space between $L_1(0,1)$ and $L_{\infty }(0,1)$. For every $q\in [1,\infty ]$, we introduce a general notion of a vector-valued symmetric operator space $E(\mathcal{M};\ell _q)$ via $K$-functional of the couple $(L_1(\mathcal M;\ell _q),L_{\infty }(\mathcal M;\ell _q))$. We then establish free Rosenthal inequalities on $E(\mathcal{M};\ell _q)$, which provide an equivalent characterization of the quantity $\|(x_k)_{k\geq 0}\|_{E(\mathcal{M};\ell _q)},$ where $(x_k)_{k\geq 0}\subset E(\mathcal{M})$ is a sequence of freely independent random variables.
Constructing Menger Manifold C*-Diagonals in Classifiable C*-Algebras
Authors: Li Xin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe initiate a detailed analysis of $C^{\ast }$-diagonals in classifiable $C^{\ast }$-algebras, answering natural questions concerning topological properties of their spectra and uniqueness questions. Firstly, we construct $C^{\ast }$-diagonals with connected spectra in all classifiable stably finite $C^{\ast }$-algebras, which are unital or stably projectionless with continuous scale. Secondly, for classifiable stably finite $C^{\ast }$-algebras with torsion-free $K_0$ and trivial $K_1$, we further determine the spectra of the $C^{\ast }$-diagonals up to homeomorphism. In the unital case, the underlying space turns out to be the Menger curve. In the stably projectionless case, the space is obtained by removing a non-locally-separating copy of the Cantor space from the Menger curve. Thirdly, we show that each of our classifiable $C^{\ast }$-algebras has continuum many pairwise non-conjugate such Menger manifold$C^{\ast }$-diagonals.
In-silico pharmacophore and Molecular Docking based drug discovery against Marburg Virus’s Viral Protein 35; A potent of MAVD
Authors: Quazi Sameer , Gavas Shreelaxmi , Malik Javed Ahmad , Suman Komal Singh , Haider Zeshan 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTMarburg virus is a member of filoviridae and spreads severe Marburg hemorrhagic illness in humans and animals. Nowadays, there is no vaccine available that can completely stop the replication of Marburg replication. Therefore, this study is designed to repurpose the effective therapeutic antiviral drug by using a computational approach against exploring the mechanism of Marburg virus Viral protein 35. We have retrieved about 40570 drug-like small compounds from the ZINC database using the “ZINC Pharmer” online tool. Molecular docking of the ligands from the ready-to-dock database has been carried out using MOE. The five drugs have been identified to bind with VP35 possibly. A study was also performed to evaluate the drug-like characteristics of the substances for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). The findings clearly showed that ligands are interacting with the MARV VP35 protein. Interestingly, Lipinski’s rule of five was observed by all ligands. These findings provide the foundation for reconstituting and utilizing molecules as a possible therapy for Marburg Virus Disease (MVD).
Accurate profiling of forensic autosomal STRs using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION device
Authors: Hall Courtney L. , Kesharwani Rupesh K. , Phillips Nicole R. , Planz John V. , Sedlazeck Fritz J. , Zascavage Roxanne R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe high variability characteristic of short tandem repeat (STR) markers is harnessed for human identification in forensic genetic analyses. Despite the power and reliability of current typing techniques, sequence-level information both within and around STRs are masked in the length-based profiles generated. Forensic STR typing using next generation sequencing (NGS) has therefore gained attention as an alternative to traditional capillary electrophoresis (CE) approaches. In this proof-of-principle study, we evaluate the forensic applicability of the newest and smallest NGS platform available – the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION device. Although nanopore sequencing on the handheld MinION offers numerous advantages, including on-site sample processing, the relatively high error rate and lack of forensic-specific analysis software has prevented accurate profiling across STR panels in previous studies. Here we present STRspy, a streamlined method capable of producing length- and sequence-based STR allele designations from noisy, long-read data. To demonstrate the capabilities of STRspy, seven reference samples (female: n = 2; male: n = 5) were amplified at 15 and 30 PCR cycles using the Promega PowerSeq 46GY System and sequenced on the ONT MinION device in triplicate. Basecalled reads were processed with STRspy using a custom database containing alleles reported in the STRSeq BioProject NIST 1036 dataset. Resultant STR allele designations and flanking region single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) calls were compared to the manufacturer-validated genotypes for each sample. STRspy generated robust and reliable genotypes across all autosomal STR loci amplified with 30 PCR cycles, achieving 100% concordance based on both length and sequence. Furthermore, we were able to identify flanking region SNPs with >90% accuracy. These results demonstrate that nanopore sequencing platforms are capable of revealing additional variation in and around STR loci depending on read coverage. As the first long-read platform-specific method to successfully profile the entire panel of autosomal STRs amplified by a commercially available multiplex, STRspy significantly increases the feasibility of nanopore sequencing in forensic applications.