bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does a one-week health program promote well-being among caregiving parents? A quasiexperimental intervention study in Germany
Authors: Hetzel Christian , Alles Torsten , Holzer Michael , Koch Erich , Froböse Ingo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aim: The effect of a legally funded, one-week health program offered by the Social Insurance for Agriculture, Forestry and Horticulture (SVLFG) on the well-being of the participating caregiving parents is determined. Secondary outcome measures are stress and behavior theory-based characteristics.Subject and methods: In a controlled panel study (intervention group n=23, comparison group n=33, allocation not randomized) the WHO-5 index and other measures were collected at several measurement points. Statistical methods are fixed effects panel regressions under control of time-varying characteristics (external conditions, period effects).Results: At the start of the intervention 70 percent of the intervention group are at the threshold of clinically relevant depressiveness. After a very clear initial effect, the level remains above the baseline level for up to 15 weeks after the intervention (under stable conditions). A sinking below the initial level is prevented until at least 26 weeks even with significantly increasing external conditions. The main drivers appear to be sustained increases in acceptance of the care situation, institutional support, and recreational behavior.Conclusion: In view of the high initial burden of the participants, the sustainability of the prevention-oriented intervention is considerable. The intervention is unique for the social insurance system in Germany. The design allows a causal interpretation despite the small number of cases.
Generation of germ-free common marmosets
Authors: Inoue Takashi , Okahara Norio , Okahashi Nobuyuki , Sato Kenya , Ueda Masahiro , Atarashi Koji , Isayama Jun , Yoshimasa Aoto , Kawashima Yusuke , Lee Chia-Ying , Ueno Masami , Nozu Ryoko , Kurotaki Yoko , Mineshige Takayuki , Yurimoto Terumi , Itaya Kaori , Tanoue Takeshi , Nakahata Tatsutoshi , Shiota Atsushi , Arita Makoto , Honda Kenya , Sasaki Erika 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Recent studies using germ-free mice have demonstrated that microbiota have functional roles in host homeostasis1,2. However, the phylogenetic distance between rodents and humans translates into differences in their metabolism, immune response, neural function and microbiota colonisation abilities. Hence, translational research using nonhuman primates (NHPs) is important for bridging the gap between rodent studies and human medicine3. Although several attempts to produce germ-free NHPs were made more than 50 years ago4,5, currently none are available. Here, we generated germ-free common marmosets suitable for rearing and handling under sterile conditions and maintained them with no culturable bacteria/fungi, for 22 months. The faecal microbiota composition and metabolome in conventional marmosets are more similar to those in humans than to those in mice. The transplantation of a bacterial consortium isolated from humans6 into marmosets and mice resulted in a significantly steadier bacterial colonisation in the former than that in the latter. Germ-free marmosets exhibited low levels of faecal short-chain fatty acids, bile acid metabolites, plasma and faecal immunoglobulins, and enlarged caecum in contrast-enhanced X-ray. These stable germ-free marmosets can serve as novel models that enable the development of therapeutics that target gut microbiota and elucidation of their interaction with higher-order brain function.
The Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta Monachus) as a Potential Pest for Agriculture in the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Castro Jorge , Sáez Carmen , Molina-Morales Mercedes 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) has been introduced in the last decades to many cities of the Mediterranean basin. For most of this time it has been restricted primarily to urban areas, but it is starting to spread to rural habitats. It is considered a pest for agriculture in its native range, consuming a wide variety of crops such as grains, fruits, and vegetables. However, there is very little information about its potential role as a pest for agriculture in the areas where it is exotic. Here we conducted an experimental survey of the impact of the monk parakeet on corn in SE Spain using camera traps. The monk parakeet was the animal that produced the highest damage, being responsible for 98.6% of the time employed by all animals consuming kernels. The percentage of cobs damaged ranged from 36.8–100% depending on the cultivar, whereas the crop loss (measured as the length of the cob consumed with respect to the total length of the cob) ranged from 17.7–71.1%. The results suggest that the monk parakeet may be a serious pest for agriculture in the Mediterranean basin if their populations continue growing.
Women’s Decision-Making Autonomy In Maternal Health Service Utilization And Associated Factors Among Reproductive Age Women In Southern, Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetu Kirubel , Gelaw Belete , Lankrew Tadele , Assefa Andualem , Demeke Tsegaye 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Women autonomy is the ability of women to make self-regulating decisions to meet their requirements without any one initiation. Women who can autonomously decide about their health utilized maternal health care is poor, even though a lot of effort has been made. Only less than 32% of developing countries, women have decision making power to visit maternal health service. Objective: To assess the women’s decision making autonomy in their maternal health service utilization and its associated factors among reproductive age group women in southern Ethiopia, from March1, 2019 to March 30, 2019.Methods and material: A cross-sectional study design was conducted. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical tests and binary logistic regression was used. All independent variables with p- value of < 0.25 at bivariate analysis were included in multivariate models to determine the predictors of the outcome variable, and to control the confounding factors. For all statistical tests, a P value of <0.05 was a cut off point for statistical significant. Results: Prevalence of women decision making autonomy in their maternal health service utilization was 58.2% [(AOR= 58.2% (95 %CI (54.2 – 62.0). Number of family size 2.2 [AOR (95% CI) =2.2, 95% CI (1.3-3.72)], occupation, 4.3 [AOR (95% CI) =4.3 95% CI (1.10-9.3)] economic status, 2.2[AOR (95% CI) =2.2, 95% CI (1.3-.3.72)] respondent age above 35 4.8[AOR(95%CI=4.8,95%CI(2.3-10)] were the factors significantly associated with decision making autonomy. Conclusion: prevalence of women’s decision making autonomy in their maternal health service utilization was 58.2% which were found to be low. Decision making autonomy was more common with low income, large family size, respondent age and lack women occupation. Improved the women’s decision making by giving Health education on the importance of maternal health services and gender equality recommended to reduce the problem.
Unlocking coherent control of ultrafast plasmonic interaction
Authors: Bahar Eyal , Arieli Uri , Stern Maayan Vizner , Haim Suchowski 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Striking a metallic nanostructure with a short and intense pulse of light excites a complex out-of-equilibrium distribution of electrons that rapidly interact and lose their mutual coherent motion. Due to the highly nonlinear dynamics, the photo-excited nanostructures may further emit energetic photons beyond the spectrum of the incident beam, where the shortest pulse duration is traditionally expected to induce the greatest nonlinear emission. Here, we coherently control these photo-induced extreme ultrafast dynamics by spectrally shaping a sub-10 fs pulse within the timescale of coherent plasmon excitations. Contrary to the common perception, we show that stretching the pulse to match its internal phase with the plasmon-resonance increases the second-order nonlinear emission by > 25%. The enhancement is observed only when shaping extreme-ultrashort pulses (< 20 fs), thus signifying the coherent electronic nature as a crucial source of the effect. We provide a detailed theoretical framework that reveals the optimal pulse shapes for enhanced nonlinear emission regarding the nanostructures’ plasmonic-resonances. The demonstrated truly-coherent plasma control paves the way to engineer rapid out-of-equilibrium response in solids state systems and light-harvesting applications.
Gastrointestinal Cancers: Racial and Ethnicity Differences
Authors: Singh Maharaj , Konduri Santhi , Datta Samit , Papenfuss Wesley , Belini Geoffrey , Chevinsky Aaron , Weese James 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine race and ethnicity for overall survival (OS) and percent survival after 5- and 10-years for patients diagnosed with one of the gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.Method: We used national data for 12 types of GI cancers (esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, intrahepatic bile duct, extrahepatic bile duct, liver, pancreas, small intestine, colon, rectosigmoid, rectum, and anal) for the years 2004-2016. Results: A total of 2,249,213 patients diagnosed with one of the GI tract cancers with median age of 67 years were included in this study. There were 55% male, 77% non-Hispanic White (NHW), 12% were non-Hispanic Black (NHB), 6% were Hispanic, and the rest were classified as ‘Other’ race (4%). OS was higher for the Hispanics, followed by the ‘Other’, NHW and NHB (P <0.001). After adjusting for sex, income, insurance status, grade differentiation, age, and for Charlson-Dayo index, Hispanics and ‘Other’ race category had lower mortality compared to NHW (HR=0.93, 0.92-0.94, p <0.001; HR=0.92, 0.91-0.93, p <0.001), whereas NHB had higher risk compared to NHW (HR=1.09,1.08-1.09 p <0.001). Hispanics had lower mortality than NHW for 11 or 12 types (except esophagus), and ‘Other’ race category had lower risk for 10 of 12 types (except anal and small intestine). Five- and 10-year survival rates were higher for Hispanic patients (47%, 36%) followed by ‘Other’ (42%, 31%), NHW (40%, 28%), and for NHB (38%, 28%).Conclusion: Hispanics and the patients from ‘Other’ race category diagnosed with one of the GI cancers had longer survival probability and lower risk of mortality compared to NHW and NHB.
Next-Generation Sequencing Facilitates Genetic Diagnosis And Improves The Management Of Patients With Hearing Loss In Clinical Practice
Authors: Liu Chang , Huang Yanlin , Zhang Yan , Ding Hongke , Yu Lihua , Zeng Yukun , Liu Ling , Wang Anshi , Liu Yuan , Qi Yiming , Li Fake , Wu Jing , Du Li , Wang Yunan , Mai Fei , Zhang Qi , Wang Xingwang , Yin Aihua 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Hearing loss (HL) is a prevalent sensorineural disorder, and is among the most etiologically heterogeneous disorders. With the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, hundreds of candidate genes can be analyzed simultaneously in a cost-effective manner. Methods: 94 patients from 87 families diagnosed with non-syndromic or syndromic hearing loss were enrolled. A custom-designed HL panel and clinical exome sequencing (CES) were applied to explore molecular etiology in the cohort, and the efficacy of the two panels was examined. Results: The etiologic diagnosis for hearing loss has been arrived at 40 out of 94 patients (42.6%), 28 with an autosomal recessive (AR) inheritance pattern and 12 with an autosomal dominant (AD) pattern. Candidate variants in 19 different genes were identified in the study cohort, 11 with AR inheritance pattern and 8 with AD pattern. 14 of the variants identified in the study were novel. Compared with CES, the custom-designed HL panel has comparatively higher diagnostic yield (61.5% vs. 29.1%), less expensive price, similar turn-around time, and can be used as an efficient diagnostic tool for hearing loss in the clinical practice. Conclusions: Next-generation sequencing facilitates genetic diagnosis and improves the management of patients with hearing loss in the clinical practice.
Diffusion Adaptive Filtering Algorithm Based on the Fair Cost Function
Authors: Guan Sihai , Cheng Qing , Zhao Yong , Biswal Bharat 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To better perform distributed estimation, this paper, by combining the Fair cost function and adapt-then-combine scheme at all distributed network nodes, a novel diffusion adaptive estimation algorithm is proposed from an M-estimator perspective, which is called the diffusion Fair (DFair) adaptive filtering algorithm. The stability of the mean estimation error and the computational complexity of the DFair are theoretically analyzed. Compared with the RDLMS, DNLMM, DGCLD, and DPLMS algorithms, the simulation experiment results show that the DFair algorithm is more robust to input signals and impulsive interference. In conclusion, Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the DFair algorithm performs better when estimating an unknown linear system in the changeable impulsive interference environments.
Seasonal and spatial distribution of heavy metals in an industrially affected river sediment and evaluation of ecological risk, health risk &amp; pollution source
Authors: Jolly Yeasmin Nahar , Rabby Atahar , Hasan Mehedi , Mamun Khan Mohammad , Akter Shirin , Kabir Jamiul , Rahman Mohammad Safiur , Bhuiyan Taseen Jubair , Chowdhury Abdullah Mohammad Sarwaruddin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Present study sketched to quantify heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As) in sediment samples (Dry and Rainy season) of an industrially affected river namely Shitalakshya by Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. Different geochemical indices and multivariate statistical analysis were applied to define the accumulation, source and level of metal pollution in the sediment samples and probabilistic health risk implications due to dermal contact of sediment was also evaluated. Study revealed mean heavy metal (HM) concentrations in a sequence of Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > As > Cd for both the seasons and almost all the elements were found within the suggestive standard value by various agencies with an exception of Cd and As. Enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) indicated a high level of contamination by HM and a moderate level of Ecological risk was assessed for both the season. Hazard Index (HI), known as non-carcinogenic health risk for all the elements studied found bellow 1, indicating no harm for health and total carcinogenic risk also revealed the safe range. Results of multivariate statistical analysis indicates, the possible sources are mostly anthropogenic which may be owing to discharge of untreated wastes from various industries, metal and waste dumping sites, oil and refinery industries, glass and ceramic industries as they are located closely to the sampling sites of the Shitalakshya river.
Clinical And Epidemiologic Profile of Breast Cancer Differences In Mexico: A Retrospective Cohort Study From Guerrero.
Authors: Ocampo-Bárcenas Azucena , Ley Marlon De Ita , Morrugares-Ixtepan Martín , Bautista-Escutia Abril , Hernández-Morales Ricardo , Sierra Eloisa Ibarra , Jiménez-López Marco Antonio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The regional disparities in Mexico impact the incidence and mortality of breast cancer (BC). Despite Guerrero state has a high grade of economic marginalization, it presents mortality lower than the national average. Clinical, pathological, and epidemiological assessment will help to understand the source of these differences.Objective: Describe the clinical, pathological, and overall survival of patients with BC from Guerrero and compare them with other reports from the Mexican population.Materials and Methods: Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival time over a retrospective cohort of breast cancer patients treated at the Instituto Estatal de Cancerología “Dr. Arturo Beltrán Ortega (IECan) during 2010-2020. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the prognosis factors.Results: A total of 923 women were included. 3.5% and 37.9% of patients were classified as Stage I and II; for locally advanced stages III and IV, it has been observed 36.1% and 14.3% of patients respectively. The most frequent histological type was ductal carcinoma (82.7%). The molecular subtype percentage found were HR+/HER2- (35.1%), HR±/HER2- (15.9%), HR±/HER2+ (14.4%), HR-/HER2+ (13.5%) and HR-/HER2 - (21%). The median follow-up was 49 months. Five-year survival for the entire cohort was 78% (95% CI, 73-82%), and 31% for metastatic disease (95% CI, 26.7-37.1%).Conclusion: The Guerrero state shares epidemiological parameters with other regions of Mexico; despite this, presents frequently one of the most aggressive molecular subtypes of breast cancer; so, the understanding of its lower mortality requires further analysis.
A Study on the Correlation Between Functional Motivation and Professional Identity in Nursing Volunteers
Authors: juan xu , wenjun hao , hui yang , xuanxuan li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective To understand the status quo of functional motivation and professional identity of nursing volunteers and explore the correlation.Methods 3375 nursing volunteers were investigated by using occupational identity scale and volunteer functional motivation scale.Results a total of 3,375 questionnaires were issued and 3,330 were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 99.82%.The overall scores of occupational cognitive evaluation, occupational social support, occupational social skills, occupational frustration coping and occupational identity of nurses were (32.17±6.62), (22.77±3.74), (21.31±4.09), (22.78±3.79), (11.32±2.03) and (110.31±18.71), respectively.The total score of functional motivation was (157.12±29.92).Occupational cognitive evaluation, occupational social support, occupational social skills, occupational frustration coping, and occupational self-reflection were positively correlated with the total score of functional motivation (R values were 0.044,0.035, 0.034,0.035,0.042, respectively).P < 0.05).Conclusion The functional motivation and professional identity of nursing volunteers in Shanxi Province are in the middle level in China.Therefore, it is necessary to enhance nursing staff's professional identity, carry out multi-channel and multi-form volunteer service projects, stimulate the enthusiasm of nursing staff to participate in, and give back nursing professional skills to the society better.
Investigation of Basin Characteristics: Implications for Sub-basins Level Flood Peak and Vulnerability Assessment
Authors: Ranjan Rajeev , Dhote Pankaj R. , Thakur Praveen K. , Aggarwal Shiv P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Flood vulnerability is a significant component in assessing the probable degree of damage to various exposures in hazard conditions. In this study, a semi-distributed event-based hydrological model and indicator-based method were applied to evaluate the sub-basin level flood vulnerability using the Geographical Information System (GIS). The flood peak discharge of each sub-basin corresponding to the 2014 extreme flood of the Jhelum river was related with different sub-basins characteristics (terrain, hydrological, land use and soil) using a theoretical framework under an indicator-based method. The calibrated (2014) and validated (1992, 1997) hydrological model showed Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.98 and (0.99, 0.99) at relatively upstream gauging station Sangam against optimized Curve Number (CN) scaling factor of 0.98. The Anantnag and Kulgam districts, exhibiting multiple sub-basins contributing to the Sangam gauging station, are falling into a highly vulnerable category located in the Jhelum basin's southern part, Greater Himalayan Range. It was also revealed that sub-basins at the upstream of the Jhelum basin are more vulnerable compared to downstream area, where sub-basin W810 (Greater Himalayan), Anantnag district draining at Sangam gauging site is found as most vulnerable among the all other sub-basins. However, hydrological characteristics control the most vulnerable sub-basin peak discharge rather than other characteristics such as terrain, soil, or Land Use. Outcomes of the study will be helpful in prioritizing the flood mitigation planning not only with respect to the hydrological boundary (sub-basin level) but also with administrative district boundaries. The proposed method is generic and can be applied to any flood-prone river basin.
Clinical Evaluation of High-Resolution MRI Combined With DWI In Identifying Vulnerable Carotid Plaque
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Li Jing , Wang Xin , Gao Jialu , Jing Hongyan , Xing Ying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) combined with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is used to identify Vulnerable plaques (VP) and their characteristic components, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) correlation analysis with serum inflammatory markers to assess plaque vulnerability.Methods: Into eligible 60 patients, including vulnerable plaques group (VP group) of 29 cases and the non-vulnerable plaques group (N group) of 31 cases, measure the two groups of the average ADC, serum levels of inflammatory markers [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ], compared the VP plaque characteristics of different components and the level of blood vessel walls of ADC, assessment of patients with serum levels of inflammatory markers plaques ADC average correlation. Results: The results showed that the ADC mean value of the plaques in the VP group was significantly lower than that in the N group, and the levels of hs-CRP and MPO were correlated with the ADC mean value of the plaques. Conclusion: The ADC value of plaque measured by HR-MRI combined with DWI sequence can quantify the identification of vulnerable plaque and its characteristic components, reflect the inflammation of plaque to a certain extent, and thus prevent and treat stroke and other adverse outcomes more effectively.
Preferences of psychotherapists for blended mental health interventions in Germany: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Phillips Elena , Himmler Sebastian , Schreyögg Jonas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Digital treatment formats are emerging within mental health care. Evidence suggests that mental health care providers and recipients prefer a combination of digital and traditional elements within psychotherapy treatment formats, also called blended care (BC), over standalone digital formats. We examined the attitudes and preferences of licensed psychotherapists in Germany regarding such BC applications.Methods: We fielded a survey among psychotherapists, including questions about attitudes, previous experiences, and expectations regarding BC, as well as a discrete choice experiment. Attributes for the experiment were developed using a stepwise qualitative approach. A Bayesian D-efficient design was used to generate the choice tasks. The choice data were analyzed by applying mixed logit models.Results: The survey was completed by 200 psychotherapists. Attitudes towards BC were mainly positive, with strong reported intentions to use BC formats. In the choice experiment, recommendation from a professional society for a BC online component was the most important characteristic. Greater effectiveness and a larger share of face-to-face vs. online time were also desired features, while a financial incentive to use BC was less relevant.