bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Mechanical and Biological Properties of PLA/HNT Scaffolds Fabricated by Foam Injection Molding: Skin Layer Effect and Laser Texturing
Authors: Eryildiz M. , Altan M. , Odabas S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the important materials for orthopedic regenerative engineering applications due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. Nonetheless, PLA may show insufficient mechanical strength for some bone replacement applications. Halloysite nanotube (HNT) is one of the non-toxic, biocompatible reinforcement for improving mechanical and biological properties of PLA for tissue engineering applications. In this study, PLA/HNT scaffolds were prepared by chemical foam injection molding process. Laser surface texturing was applied on the skin layer of the injection molded scaffolds to enhance the cell viability and hydrophilicity of PLA. The effects of HNT concentration on cell morphology, mechanical and thermal properties, cell viability and biodegradation profile of the scaffolds were studied. The results demonstrated that cell viability increased by 43% in PLA/HNT scaffolds compared to neat PLA. Hydrophilicity of the scaffolds that have thick skin layer was enhanced by the laser surface texturing in two different designs and consequently, cell viability increased about 16%. Surface roughness measurements and water contact angle measurements have verified this result.
Direct-access mode-division multiplexing switch for scalable on-chip multi-mode networks
Authors: Xu Hongnan , Liu Chaoyue , Dai Daoxin , Shi Yaocheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
By leveraging mode-division multiplexing (MDM), capacity of on-chip photonic interconnects can be scaled up to an unprecedented level. The demand for dynamic control of mode carriers has led to the development of mode-division multiplexing switches (MDMS), yet the conventional MDMS is incapable of directly accessing an individual lower-order mode that propagates in a multi-mode bus waveguide, which hinders its scalability and flexibility. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate the first direct-access MDMS as a novel platform for scalable on-chip multi-mode networks. At first, the highly efficient mode exchangers are developed for TE0–TE2 and TE1–TE2 mode swap, which are then employed to realize the direct-access mode add-drop multiplexers with high performances. The direct-access MDMS is then achieved based on the proposed mode add-drop multiplexers, which can be used for dynamically adding and dropping any selected mode carrier in a three-channel MDM. Moreover, the novel direct-access scheme is also adopted to simultaneously harness wavelength and mode carriers, leading to a wavelength/mode-hybrid multiplexing system with an enhanced link capacity of twelve channels. To further verify the utility of the MDMS, a multi-mode hubbed-ring network is constructed, where one hub and three nodes are organized within a ring-like multi-mode bus waveguide. The reconfigurable network traffic of 6 × 10 Gbps data streams are obtained by using three eigen modes as signal carriers. The measurement results show low bit-error rates (<10−9) with low power penalties (<3.1 dB).
Generation and dynamics of soliton and soliton molecules from a VSe2/GO-based fiber laser
Authors: Wang Benhai , Han Haobin , Yu Lijun , Wang Yueyue , Dai Chaoqing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recently, in addition to exploring the application of new saturable absorber devices in fiber lasers, soliton dynamics has also become a focus of current research. In this article, we report an ultrashort pulse fiber laser based on VSe2/GO nanocomposite and verify the formation process of soliton and soliton molecules by the numerical simulation. The prepared VSe2/GO-based device shows excellent saturable absorption characteristics with a modulation depth of 14.3% and a saturation absorption intensity of 0.93 MW/cm2. The conventional soliton is obtained with pulse width of 573 fs, which is currently the narrowest pulse width based on VSe2-related material, and has a signal-to-noise ratio of 60.4 dB. In addition, the soliton molecules are realized based on the VSe2/GO for the first time and have a pulse interval of ∼2.2 ps. We study the soliton dynamics through numerical simulation and reveal that before the formation of the soliton, it undergoes multiple nonlinear stages, such as soliton mode-locking, soliton splitting, and soliton oscillation. Furthermore, the results of numerical simulation are agreed well with the experimental data. These results indicate that the VSe2/GO might be another promising saturable absorber material for ultrafast photonics, and deepen the understanding of soliton dynamics in ultrafast fiber lasers.
Crystal structure of 6,6′-((pentane-1,3-diylbis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))bis(2,4-dibromolphenolato-κ4
N,N′,O,O′)copper(II),) C19H16Br4CuN2O2
Authors: Duan Rui , Man Wang , Meifen Huang , Ma Xun , Wu Qiong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
C19H16Br4CuN2O2: monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.2649(3) Å, b = 10.1903(3) Å, c = 21.2494(6) Å, β = 100.522(1)°, V = 2185.36(11) Å3, Z = 4, wR
2 = 0.0730, T = 169.0 K.
Redetermination of the crystal structure of bis{hydridotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl-κN
3)borato}copper(II), C30H44B2CuN12
Authors: Fujisawa Kiyoshi , Okamura Moemi , Tiekink Edward R. T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
C30H44B2CuN12, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.6801(1) Å, b = 10.1688(2) Å, c = 10.7290(2) Å, α = 62.672(2)°, β = 84.3550(10)°, γ = 78.9700(10)°, V = 825.71(3) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0318, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0961, T = 178 K.
Zur Beziehung von progressiven Verbalperiphrasen undstates. Ein erster Bericht aus Studien zu romanischen Sprachen
Authors: Schmid Sarah Dessì 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper deals with properties and restrictions of progressive markers (Romance progressive verbal periphrases, PVP) and relates these to the question of the degree of grammaticality these constructions have reached in the respective languages. In analysing the process of grammaticalisation of PVP, a distinction is drawn on two levels: on the level of internal structure and the level of system. After introducing progressivity as a subcategory of imperfectivity, and progressive markers as the means of expressing it (§ 2), the (in)compatibility of Romance PVP withstatesis examined in more detail (§ 3). This investigation is based on French, Italian, (European and Brazilian) Portuguese and Spanish data elicited in several broad-based acceptability studies conducted as part of the SFB 833 project “Verbal and Nominal Aspectuality between Lexicon and Grammar” (2017–2020). As opposed to common interpretations, differentstatesandstate-typesare shown to be compatible with progressive verbal periphrases to varying degrees. Romance languages differ in their levels of acceptability ofstatesin PVP – and the degree of compatibility correlates with the degree to which the construction is integrated in their respective language systems. The concluding remarks (§ 4) summarise the theoretical implications of the data analysis, which can be seen as an empirical verification of existing theses concerning the degree of grammaticalisation of Romance PVP.
Comunicación epistolar y colaboración científica entre especialistas alemanes en Sudamérica a fines del siglo XIX. Un estudio de la correspondencia entre Rodolfo Lenz y Robert Lehmann-Nitsche
Authors: Ennis Juan Antonio , Soltmann Claudio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe following paper undertakes the presentation and subsequent analysis of the initial section of an extended, although only partially preserved letter exchange between two salient German scholars settled in Argentina and Chile from the end of the 19th century on, and during the first decades of the 20th century: Rudolf Lenz, trained in linguistics and Romance languages at the renowned Romanistik School of Bonn, who worked at the Instituto Pedagógico in Santiago de Chile, and Robert Lehmann-Nitsche, a Prussian physician and anthropologist who was in charge of the Anthropological Section of a brand new modern Museum in Argentina’s recently founded city of La Plata. The letter exchange between them lasted from 1897 until 1928 and the analysis of its initial pieces (1897–1898) allows us to see how personal and scientific networks were constructed, and how German science and sociability managed to settle down in such distant locations and still remain connected with its system of origin.
Self-Fashioning and the Intersectional Self: Teresa de Cartagena by Teresa de Cartagena
Authors: Conde Juan-Carlos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article examines the way in which Teresa de Cartagena builds and presents her literary self in her literary works, Arboleda de los enfermos and Admiración operum Dei. The examination of this literary self-fashioning (a concept based, but different from, the one coined under the same denomination by Stephen Greenblatt) of Teresa de Cartagena is conducted under the theoretical framework of intersectionality, which allows to see the multi-layered and dynamic complex nature of this author’s literary self, and the implications this has for the understanding of her work.
Contrastivity and comparability: pragmatic variation across pluricentric varieties
Authors: Barron Anne 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The recent pragmatic turn in the study of pluricentric varieties marks a shift in analytical focus, with increasingly more research contrasting the conventions of language use and interaction across pluricentric varieties. This turn demands new data types and new methods of analysis which uphold the principles of contrastivity and comparability. Addressing this basic requirement for the case of cross-varietal speech act analyses, the present article examines the contextual factors to be considered in the choice of data types and the potential definition and usability of a pragmatic variable in speech act analyses across data types. These considerations are applied to a cross-varietal analysis of responses to thanks in direction-giving exchanges across English in Canada, England and Ireland. The study highlights the frequent necessity of a multi-faceted definition of the pragmatic variable. In addition, challenges of contextual equivalence which emerge in the course of the analysis highlight a basic need for research to regularly re-examine the linguistic context and the definition of the pragmatic variable and to potentially redefine the variable during the analytical process. The contrastive analysis reveals a more extensive use of routinised responses to thanks in the Canadian English data relative to the Irish English and English English data. A more complex closing, with more continuations and confirmation checks, is shown to characterise the Irish English data, a finding which is suggested to potentially relate to a strong orientation towards hospitality in the Irish context.
Segregation – Growing Up in Kosovo
Authors: Kelmendi Adriatik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The author gives a personal account of how he experienced the difficult 1990s in Kosovo. In 1990, when Yugoslavia fell apart, he was 12 years old. He grew up in Kosovo’s “parallel school system”. In 1999, when NATO bombed Yugoslavia, the then 20-year-old worked for the newspaper Koha Ditore in Pristina. His family’s house in Peja was destroyed, members of his extended family as well as friends and acquaintances murdered. His parents and siblings sought refuge in Montenegro; he himself in North Macedonia. They returned to Peja after the end of the war, and slowly regained their lives.
Being a Trainee Historian in Belgrade, 1989
Authors: Stojanović Dubravka 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The author reflects on the year 1989 when she was a newly hired trainee historian at the Institute for the History of the Serbian Labor Movement in Belgrade. The topic she was assigned in the Institute was the relationship of the Serbian Social Democratic Party to the war goals of Serbia 1912–1918. As her reading and writing progressed, by 1991 what the Serbian social democrats wrote about the Balkan Wars of 1912/13 began approaching her own political views. However, their antiwar positions at the beginning of the twentieth century sounded like a real feat compared to the virtually monolithic support for the war of 1991. This is how the author’s first research left her with the bitter impression that history, the seeming magistra vitae, had really taught nobody anything given that Serbian society was falling into the same trap as some 70 years before.
Relations Between the Writers’ Associations of Kosova and Serbia in the Second Half of the 1980s
Authors: Mehmeti Arban 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The author examines the activities and relations between the writers’ associations of Kosova and Serbia during the second half of the 1980s. He focuses on the interaction between the two cultural institutions and the debates they organized between the mid-1980s and the end of the decade. While political relations were deteriorating, the meetings of the two associations were intended to form a channel for communication which it was hoped would stimulate debate among intellectuals about then-current relations between Kosovar-Albanians and Serbs. But, as this study explains, those attempts ended in endless disagreements over “historical truths.”
Kosovo in the 1980s – Yugoslav Perspectives and Interpretations
Authors: Pichler Robert , Grandits Hannes , Fotiadis Ruža 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The introductory article in this issue argues for greater consideration of the impact of the Kosovo crisis on political developments in other Yugoslav republics and on the entire federal state structure of Yugoslavia after Tito’s death. It also calls for a closer examination of alternative paths that were considered by various actors to resolve the conflict but were not or could not be pursued. Such a discussion of developments in Kosovo in the 1980s in a broader Yugoslav perspective would, it is argued, also have the potential to contribute to a more complex understanding of the Kosovo crisis itself.
„Dein Reich komme“. Aspekte eines theologischen Heimatverständnisses
Authors: Zeindler Matthias 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Bibel beschreibt bereits die Schöpfung als Gottes Gewähren von Heimat. Der Mensch erhält dabei den Auftrag, das Geschaffene als Heimat zu bewahren. Gottes Handeln ist von da an eine immer wieder neue Befreiung zur Heimat, die sich vollendet in der vollkommenen Heimat „im Himmel“ (Phil. 3,20). Heimat kann in biblischer Perspektive immer nur für die Fremden offene Heimat sein. In einer sich säkularisierenden Gesellschaft lernen die Kirchen wieder, sich als Kirchen in der Fremde, in der Diaspora zu verstehen. Die Fremdheit der Kirche gründet dabei nicht in religionssoziologischen Konstellationen, sondern in ihrer Nähe zu Christus, der in der Welt ein Fremder blieb.
Heimat rhizomatisch. Experimentell religionsdidaktische Zugänge
Authors: Schulz Petra 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag entfaltet das Thema „Heimat“ rhizomatisch. Das heißt, er folgt keiner festen Systematik, sondern verknüpft assoziativ Verschiedenartiges. Heimat wird vielperspektivisch wahrnehmbar. Experimentell religionsdidaktische Zugänge zeigen ästhetisch, dialogisch-beziehungsorientiert sowie ideologiekritisch akzentuierte Anschlussstellen für religiöse Bildungsprozesse.
Untangling the Health Impacts of Mexico – U.S. Migration
Authors: Ortmeyer David L , Quinn Michael A 
Published: November 2021

Research has found that immigrant health has a tendency to decline with time spent in the United States. Using data from the Mexican Migration Project from 2007-2014, this paper is the first to test the impact of domestic and international migration on different types of health measures. Results find cumulative U.S. migration experience has a negative impact both on self-reported and objective health measures. By contrast, the number of trips to the United States and migrations made within Mexico impact individual’s self-assessment of their health but not objective health measures. The analyses suggest that differences in self-reported versus objective health measures may help to explain mixed results in the literature. Results suggest that individual’s health will suffer considerably more from U.S. migrations than from migration within Mexico which is consistent with the acculturation hypothesis. Not surprisingly, high levels of BMI and smoking are significant predictors of negative self-reported and objective health. There is also a troubling significant negative trend in health over time observed in the sample. Taken as a whole, these results suggest that even short trips to the United States can have a negative health effect on immigrants if they are repeated.
The Nature of Money in a Convertible Currency World
Authors: Sissoko Carolyn 
Published: November 2021

In a world where the means of exchange is convertible into the numeraire consumption good at a fixed rate, no one wants to hold money over time – and due to convertibility there is no means by which the Friedman rule can generate deflation. This is the environment we study in this paper in order to demonstrate that there is still a way to reach the first-best: institutionalize the naked shorting of the unit of account, or in other words establish a banking system.
To motivate the benefits of a banking system, the environment has real productivity shocks that are constantly changing the optimal level of economic activity, so the optimal quantity of money is inherently stochastic. Efficiency in such an environment requires the capacity to expand the money supply on an “as needed” basis. We show how a debt-based payments system that relies on banks to certify the individual debtors’ IOUs addresses the monetary problem.
This model explains (i) central bank monetary policy as a means of stabilizing the banking system and (ii) usury laws as means of promoting equilibria that favor non-banks over those that favor banks. Furthermore, by modeling a commercial bank-based monetary system as an efficient solution to a payments problem this paper develops a theoretic framework that may be used to evaluate central bank digital currency proposals.
Lucidarius in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, and Czechia: Types of Reception in the mid-16th to the First Quarter of the 20th Century
Authors: Temčinas Sergejus 
Published: November 2021

The article is focused on the problems of historical typology of the Slavic reception of the translated Lucidarius (Lucidář) in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, and Czechia throughout its existence. For the first time, a general overview of Slavic evidences is presented in a generalized way, reflecting various types of perception (positive, negative, and neutral) of the specific literary text and indicating the chronology of each of them. Based on these evidences, their historical interpretation is presented, which consists in identifying two qualitatively different stages in the reception of the text under consideration: emotionally engaged (it can equally manifest itself in a positive or negative attitude) and neutral. The change of these historical stages took place in different Slavic countries within half a century (from the 1850s/60s to the 1920s). This process did not depend on the national characteristics of the functioning of Lucidaria, for example, the number of translations performed or their manuscript copies made, as well as the presence or the absence of a local Slavic printed tradition of this particular text, which significantly influenced the degree of its dissemination and, consequently, the level of acquaintance with it in the reading public.
Investigation of the FCNC Processes in the 3-4-1-1 Model
Authors: Huong D. T. , Thuy L. X. , Nhuan N. T. , Phuong H. T. 
Published: November 2021

We study the FCNC problems in 3-4-1-1 model in a way different from the previous work. The sources of FCNC at the tree-level in the 3-4-1-1 model come from both the gauge and scalar sectors. We show that the most stringently bound on the tree-level FCNC interactions comes from the meson oscillations. The lower bound on the new physics scale is imposed more tightly than in the previous work, \(M_{new} > 22\) TeV. On the allowed value domain of the new physical scale, we show that the contribution of the tree-level FCNC interactions to the BrB\(_s \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-)\) is negligible.
Medical Risk in Criminal Law
Authors: Rarog Aleksey , Ponyatovskaya Tatiyana 
Published: November 2021

The goal of healthcare work is to save people’s lives, to maintain and improve their health. However, in spite of all efforts of doctors, this goal is not always achievable because of the factors and circumstances whose negative impact it may be impossible to take into account due to objective reasons. It leads to the question of the liability of a doctor for patient harm resulting from a medical intervention. There are numerous publications in the fields of both medicine and law dealing with the grounds, forms and limits of liability of medical staff for unintended harm to the patient. Considerably less attention is paid to researching the limits of this liability and the grounds for recognizing the harm to be lawful. The absence of criminal unlawfulness in a medical interference which led to a bad outcome was justified by different circumstances: absence of a causative connection between the actions of the doctor and the negative consequences, absence of guilt in the doctor’s actions, the situation of critical need, the situation of justified risk, etc. The authors prove the fundamental non-applicability of the institute of critical need to the assessment of a medical interference with a bad outcome, as well as the unsuitability of the criminal law norm on justified risk for recognizing patient harm as non-criminal because Art. 41 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, on the one hand, includes requirements that do not refer to healthcare work, and on the other hand — they do not take into consideration its specific features. According to the authors, there is currently a necessity to supplement the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with a criminal law norm on medical risk as a separate circumstance that precludes the criminal character of patient harm resulting from a medical intervention.
Determinants of Sustainability of Rural Agricultural Projects in Rwanda: Case of Maize Projects in Budubi Irrigation Scheme in Nyanza District
Authors: Alice MUHONGERWA 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed at assessing the influence of financial input on the sustainability of maize projects in Budubi Irrigation Scheme; to investigate influence of Irrigation Scheme management on the sustainability of maize projects in Budubi Irrigation Scheme; to examine influence of benefits from maize on the sustainability of maize projects in Budubi Irrigation Scheme and to assess influence of care for environment on the sustainability of maize projects in Budubi Irrigation Scheme. The study was guided by the sustainability theory and applied a descriptive cross-sectional design, and population of 392 persons out of which a sample of 198 was applied. Document review, questionnaire, interview, and observation methods were used to collect data, while descriptive statistics and content analysis was applied for data analysis.
Key words: Irrigation scheme, sustainability, agricultural projects, Maize projects.