bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Gut Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis and Potential Therapeutic
Implications
Authors: Wang Xu , Liang Zhen , Wang Shengnan , Ma Di , Zhu Mingqin , Feng Jiachun 
Published: June 2021

:
The role of gut microbiota in health and diseases has been receiving increased attention
recently. Emerging evidence from previous studies on gut-microbiota-brain axis highlighted the importance
of gut microbiota in neurological disorders. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory,
demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from T-cell-driven,
myelin-directed autoimmunity. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota in MS patients has been reported in
published research studies, indicating that gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis
of MS. Gut microbiota have also been reported to influence the initiation of disease and severity of
experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, which is the animal model of MS. However, the underlying
mechanisms of gut microbiota involvement in the pathogenesis of MS remain unclear.
Therefore, in this review, we summerized the potential mechanisms for gut microbiota involvement
in the pathogenesis of MS, including increasing the permeability of the intestinal barrier, initiating
an autoimmune response, disrupting the blood-brain barrier integrity, and contributing to chronic
inflammation. The possibility for gut microbiota as a target for MS therapy has also been discussed.
This review provides new insight into understanding the role of gut microbiota in neurological and
inflammatory diseases.
Benchmark Test Artifacts for Selective Laser Melting - A Critical Review
Authors: Li Weishi , Wang Kuanting , Fang Shiaofen 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Selective laser melting is a best-established additive manufacturing technology
for high-quality metal part manufacturing. However, the technology is yet to be accepted
widely, especially in critical applications, due to the absence of a thorough understanding of the
technology although several benchmark test artifacts have been developed to characterize the performance
of selective laser melting machines.

Objective:
The objective of this paper is to inspire new designs of benchmark test artifacts to better
understand the selective laser melting process, and to promote the acceptance of the selective laser
melting technology.

Method:
The existing benchmark test artifacts for selective laser melting are analyzed comparatively,
and the design guidelines are discussed.

Results:
The modular approach should still be adopted in designing new benchmark test artifacts in
the future, and task-specific test artifacts may also need to be considered furtherly to validate machine
performance for critical applications. The inclusion of the design model in the manufactured
artifact, instead of the conformance to the design specifications, should be evaluated after the artifact
is measured for the applications requiring high-dimensional accuracy and high surface quality.

Conclusion:
The benchmark test artifact for selective laser melting is still under development, and
a breakthrough of the measuring technology for internal and/or inaccessible features will be beneficial
for understanding the technology.
Solar Operated Automatic Grass Cutting Machine
Authors: Shinde Shubham D 
Published: June 2021

The grass cutting machine are very popular technology. A.	The past technology models of grass cutter are used I.C engine and also used scissor for grass cutting. B.	As the past technology of grass cutting machine was operated by manually, hence man power required is more. Also the time fuel required for accomplishing the work is more. C.	To overcome such problems we used the solar power for drive the motors. And for reduce the manpower we control it by mobile and sensor. D.	This proper purpose of solar operated automatic grass cutting machine is it will avoid the air and noise pollution and higher maintenance by the I.C engine.
Fundamentos pedagógicos para la creación y producción de recursos educativos abiertos (REA)
Authors: Gómez Marín Alexandra , Restrepo Restrepo Edilberto , Becerra Agudelo Ricardo Andres 
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se presenta el componente pedagógico del modelo derivado de la investigación Modelo para la cocreación y producción de contenidos educativos abiertos mediante el uso de una plataforma virtual. Este modelo busca contribuir al fortalecimiento de la formación virtual en el departamento de Antioquia. El bjetivo de dicha investigación fue implementar un modelo para la cocreación y producción de contenidos educativos abiertos, llamados REA, mediante el uso de una plataforma virtual. Este modelo, que es el producto principal de esta investigación, está estructurado por tres componentes principales: pedagógico, de producción y tecnológico, los cuales se encuentran alineados a través de la autonomía, interacción, flexibilidad y mediación como principios transversales al modelo que lo orientan hacia la creación de contenidos educativos abiertos. El propósito fundamental de esta investigación es promover una educación en la cual se mejoren los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje a través de los REA haciendo uso de la ecnología y de los elementos necesarios para que los contenidos sean más eficientes y productivos. Al mismo tiempo, se busca implementar su distribución bajo licencias que permitan su reuso, adaptación y ransformación sin restricciones de propiedad intelectual. El componente pedagógico, en el cual se hará nfasis en este artículo, surge del análisis de diferentes teorías, estrategias y metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se utilizan en la educación mediada con las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). Este componente del modelo se fundamenta en el conectivismo como teoría de aprendizaje que fundamenta el proceso de creación de recursos educativos abiertos.
Phytochemical analysis using GC-FID, FPLC fingerprinting, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory activities analysis of traditionally used Eucalyptus globulus essential oil
Authors: Sharma Arun Dev , Farmaha Mohit , Kaur Inderjeet , Singh Narveer 
Published: June 2021

Eucalyptus globules is an widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. It has been widely used as folk medicine, and folk cosmetic owing to its antioxidant values. Despite its importance, phytochemical and pharmacological studies remain infancy. This study was aimed at extraction of essential oil by steam-distillation and evaluation of bioactive components, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory activities along with analysis by UV-VIS, FT-IR and Fluorescent techniques. Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) was used to confirm the presence of polyphenols. Different antioxidant activities like DPPH., ABTS.+, .OH, superoxide, nitric oxide and reducing power of the essential oil. Essential oil was analyzed by UV-VIS, FT-IR and Fluorescent techniques. In vitro antimicrobial activity was also monitored. FT-IR fingerprint qualitative analysis was performed using commercial standards. Considerable amount of flavonoids were detected in essential oil. Oil exhibited considerable scavenging activities of ABTS.+, .OH, superoxide, nitric oxide and reducing power. UV-VIS, FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of polyphenolics in essential oil. Fluorescent spectroscopy revealed the presence of fluorophores in essential oil. FPLC and FT-IR fingerprint analysis revealed the presence of bioactive constituents like rutin, tannic acid, vanillic acid and ascorbic acid in the essential oil. A strong anti-inflammatory activity of oil was observed using fluorescent spectroscopy. An appreciable in vitro antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria like Acetobacter aceti and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected. The data provides the scientific support to the use of essential oil from Eucalyptus globules as a potent herbal source of bioactive compounds possessing natural antioxidant activities in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Trombectomía más fleboextracción: una técnica alternativa en el manejo de la enfermedad hemorroidal externa trombosada
Authors: Martinez Jaramillo Carlos Edmundo , Senejoa Nuñez Nairo Javier , Ibañez Varela Heinz Orlando , Miranda Luis Franciso , Rodriguez Florez Roberto Jose , Betancur García Nicolás , Ramirez Melo Laura Daniela , Rubio Rubiano Maria Camila 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: evaluar los resultados de la trombectomía más fleboextracción como alternativa en el manejo de la enfermedad hemorroidal externa trombosada.
Materiales: estudio observacional, cuantitativo, retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo de los pacientes que consultaron y se sometieron a la trombectomía más fleboextracción como técnica alternativa en el manejo de la enfermedad hemorroidal externa trombosada en el servicio de coloproctología del Hospital Militar Central desde el primero de enero de 2014 hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2016.
Resultados: se encontró que 197 pacientes consultaron por hemorroides externas trombosadas, el 71 % eran hombres y el promedio de edad para el grupo de manejo conservador fue de 48,5 años, frente al promedio del grupo de manejo quirúrgico, que fue de 43,2 años. El seguimiento promedio posterior al inicio del tratamiento médico o quirúrgico fue de 16 meses. En el grupo de manejo quirúrgico, la tasa de recurrencia fue del 7,2 % y el intervalo de recurrencia fue 29,2 meses.
Conclusiones: los pacientes a quienes se les practicó la técnica de trombectomía más fleboextracción presentaron una menor tasa de retrombosis hemorroidal, menor tasa de dolor y sangrado posoperatorio. La trombectomía hemorroidal con fleboextracción es una técnica bien tolerada en el consultorio, que se puede realizar sin anestesia, a diferencia del estándar de manejo actual con hemorroidectomía externa en elipse, que requiere anestesia local, regional o general, y una sala de procedimientos quirúrgicos que deja un defecto mayor en la piel por el tejido resecado, un mayor tiempo de cicatrización y de dolor posoperatorio.
NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Immunomodulatory Protocol Used in Adults, Geriatric, Pediatric, Pregnant, and Immunocompromised COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Observational Study and Case-Series
Authors: Kelleni Mina 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: No treatment protocol of proven efficacy was approved to
manage COVID-19 and we present a novel COVID-19 immunomodulatory
protocol basing on our early pioneering article that justified
repurposing nitazoxanide/azithromycin combination for early cases of
COVID-19 which was followed by two articles to justify addition of
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to nitazoxanide/azithromycin and
recently an article that illustrates the potential immunomodulatory
mechanisms by which all the drugs used might benefit COVID-19 patients
has been published.
Methods: We present a case series of 37 confirmed and highly suspected
COVID-19 consented Arab patients including 12 confirmed by PCR and 23
diagnosed by other measures who were managed by telemedicine only to be
noted that the same results were repeated with other patients when we
resumed our classic medical examination. The patients included 14 adult
males including an immunocompromised patient, 16 adult females including
one lactating, 3 pregnant patients including one confirmed by PCR as
well as 4 children. All patients have received a short 5-day-regimen of
NSAIDs (diclofenac potassium in most of cases, ibuprofen, lornoxicam,
meloxicam, celecoxib, naproxen, ketoprofen or
ketorolac)/nitazoxanide/azithromycin +/- cefoperazone either in full or
in part as illustrated in the manuscript. The primary endpoint of this
protocol was full relief of all serious COVID-19 clinical
manifestations.
Results: The primary endpoint was fully achieved in all patients within
two weeks. Most of the patients treated early have fully recovered
during its described five days; the leucocytic/lymphocytic count was
significantly improved for those with prior leucopenia or
leucocytosis/lymphopenia. Neither significant adverse effects, nor
post/para COVID syndrome were reported. In
Conclusions: a novel 5-day-protocol to safely and effectively cure
COVID-19 using repurposed immunomodulatory safe and inexpensive FDA
approved drugs is illustrated and we recommend performing sufficiently
powered double blind randomized clinical trials against any current
standard protocol.
La valutazione di Impatto Sanitario (VIS)
Authors: Russo Vincenzo , Ciccone Virgilio 
Published: June 2021

La Valutazione di Impatto sulla Salute (VIS) è una metodologia di
valutazione che, assieme ad altri strumenti, permette di valutare gli
effetti che determinati interventi possono produrre sulla salute umana e
sull’ambiente, al fine di individuare eventuali impatti positivi e/o
negativi. Questa ha dunque il ruolo di collegare il tema della salute,
che costituisce un diritto fondamentale, con quello ambientale, poiché
permette di valutare i rischi di un progetto sulla salute umana.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Stabilization Time of Chemical Bonds During Setting Reaction and Microhardness of Preheated Glass-Ionomer Cements
Authors: Lopes LCP , Terada RSS , de Castro-Hoshino LV , de Oliveira BMB , Pascotto RC , Baesso ML , Tabchoury CPM , Sato F , Nicholson JW , Sidhu SK 
Published: June 2021

SUMMARY

Objectives:
To evaluate the effect of preheating glass-ionomer cement (GIC) restorative materials on stabilization time (ST) of their metal carboxylate bonds and on microhardness.

Methods and Materials:
Two conventional high-viscosity GICs, Ketac Universal (3M ESPE) and Equia Forte (GC), were evaluated. The thermographic camera was used to measure the temperature inside the glass-ionomer cement capsules before and after heating. The preheating of capsules was performed at 54°C for 30 seconds in a commercial device. Characterization of ST in the GICs was determined by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. For this, 10 samples of each material were prepared, five in the non-preheated group (control) and five with preheating. FTIR spectra were obtained 10 minutes after mixing (control group) or after heating and then every 10 minutes for 120 minutes. For the microhardness test, 20 cylindrical specimens (3 mm height x 6 mm diameter) were prepared for each material (10 preheated, 10 control). The microhardness was determined at three time intervals: 10 minutes after mixing, after the ST as detected through the FTIR part of the study, and after one week. Knoop microhardness was assessed using a diamond indenter with a 25 g load and 15 seconds dwell time.

Results:
Ketac Universal showed an increase in temperatures of 15.7°C for powder and 3.6°C for liquid, while Equia Forte showed 16.4°C for powder and 8.5°C for liquid. FTIR spectra indicated that preheating reduced the ST for Equia Forte but increased it for Ketac Universal. Preheating increased the initial microhardness (T1) of Equia Forte. With maturation over one week, it was observed that preheating significantly improved the microhardness of both materials compared with the control specimens.

Conclusion:
Preheating influenced the ST and the microhardness of Ketac Universal and Equia Forte. The ST and microhardness of Ketac Universal increased after seven days, whereas Equia Forte showed a reduced ST and increased microhardness from the outset.
Audiência de Conciliação e Mediação: Medida para o descongestionamento do Poder Judiciário
Authors: Dinamarco Márcia Conceição Alves , Oliveira Bruna Machado de , Paula Stefany Carvalho de 
Published: June 2021

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo aprofundar os conceitos e as diretrizes dos meios alternativos de resolução de conflitos, em especial a conciliação e a mediação, tendo em vista a problemática instaurada no Poder Judiciário Brasileiro, qual seja o seu congestionamento e a falta de acesso à justiça para todas as classes sociais, bem como a composição pacífica entre as partes de uma demanda. Ademais, o trabalho em questão visou a comparação entre o Código Civil de 1973 e o Novo Código de Processo Civil e também, noções sobre conciliação e mediação. Para tanto, utilizou-se de pesquisa jurisprudencial relevante ao caso tramitado perante o Superior Tribunal Federal (STF) e o Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) e cuidou de observar a aplicabilidade dos mecanismos alternativos de composição entre as diversas àreas do Direito Civil, como Direito de Família, Responsabilidade Civil e nas Ações Possessórias. No aspecto da abordagem, o estudo é quantitativo e descritivo. Em relação aos apectos metodológicos, foi utilizada mormente pesquisa bibliográfica, as quais relatam que o problema fulcral da sociedade brasileira é a falta de acesso à justiça e a falta de soluções plausíveis para as demandas já instauradas no Poder Judiciária, possibilitando nova interpretação mais condizente com a realidade brasileira e inovadora em comparação ao Código de Processo Civil de 1973.
Telemedicina: instrumento efetivador da saúde e de grande importância na proteção de dados
Authors: Bôas Regina Vera Villas , Soares de Sá Neves Flávia 
Published: June 2021

Esse artigo objetiva refletir sobre a importância da telemedicina e a adequada proteção de dados na área, principalmente em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19 e isolamento social, tendo essa modalidade de atendimento à saúde se tornado ferramenta importante da população, na promoção do acesso à saúde. O objeto central da pesquisa é a telemedicina e adaptação do modelo à realidade pandêmica, o que traz a preocupação com a proteção dos dados dos pacientes. Os resultados esperados dizem respeito à reflexão sobre a importância da proteção de dados pessoais e sensíveis, tratados na prática da telemedicina, tendo em vista o atual valor dos dados na sociedade contemporânea. Os resultados deverão ser alcançados pelo método de pesquisa bibliográfica, trazendo aos estudos: doutrinas, legislações e pesquisas. A pesquisa se justifica pela relevância atual da matéria, que realiza diálogo entre temas atuais e contemporâneos, entre os quais se destacam: a proteção de dados na contenção da pandemia de Covid-19, a telemedicina, esta última considerada como relevante instrumento efetivador da saúde dos indivíduos durante a pandemia de Covid-19.
Suspensão de liminar em matéria criminal e o artigo 316 do Código de Processo Penal a partir de decisão proferida pelo Min. Marco Aurélio (análise do HC 191836/SP e da sl 1395/SP)
Authors: Meinberg Marcio Ortiz , Abissamra Filho José Carlos 
Published: June 2021

Habeas Corpus nº 191836/SP Suspensão de Liminar nº 1395/SP
Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 di SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat
Authors: Naufal Muhammad , Martias Martias 
Published: June 2021

This research aims to investigate the students' perception of class XI towards implementing the 2013 Curriculum at Light Vehicle Engineering Competence in SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat. The type of this research is quantitative descriptive. Based on the results that have been analyzed, it can be concluded that the perception of Class XI students towards the implementation of the 2013 Curriculum at Light Vehicle Engineering Competency in SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat is in the well-implemented category (65.38%). It is categorized into six indicators; Learning Model in the well-implemented category (65.38); Core Competencies in the well-implemented category (50.00%); Scientific approach in the well-implemented category (59.62%); Class organizing in the very well implemented category (67.31%); The use of infrastructure in the well-implemented category(67.31%); Evaluating in the well-implemented category (32.69%).
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi siswa kelas XI terhadap Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Kendaraan Ringan di SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi siswa Kelas XI terhadap Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Kendaraan Ringan di SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat berada pada kategori terlaksana baik (65.38%), dijabarkan dalam 6 indikator yaitu Model Pembelajaran pada kategori terlaksana baik (65.38%); Kompetensi Inti pada kategori terlaksana baik (50.00%); Pendekatan Saintifik pada kategori terlaksana baik (59.62%); Pengorganisasian Kelas pada kategori terlaksana sangat baik (67.31%); Penggunaan Sarana Prasarana pada kategori terlaksana baik (51.92%); Penilaian pada kategori terlaksana baik (32.69%).
Pengaruh Umur Perusahaan, Ukuran Perusahaan, Reputasi Auditor, Dan Pergantian Auditor
Authors: Dewi Fortuna Ranti , Syofyan Efrizal 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of company age, company size, auditor reputation and auditor change on auditor switching. The data used in this study are annual and financial reports on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2014-2018 period. The method of sampling data using purposive sampling method based on certain criteria. Based on the sampling method, a sample of 230 companies was obtained. Testing the hypothesis in this study using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that company size, auditor reputation and auditor switching had no effect on audit report lag and company age had a positive effect on audit report lag.
Pengaruh Kompetisi Politik, Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Dana Alokasi Umum, Dan Opini Audit Terhadap Implementasi E-Government
Authors: Oktaviani Sonia , Indra Arza Fefri 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of political competition, local own-source revenue, general allocation funds, and audit opinions on the implementation of provincial e-Governments in Indonesia in 2011-2018. Data in this study uses secondary data from BPK, BPS, and KPU. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method with a total sample of 8 provinces in 5 years. Data analysis uses regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that (1) political competition has a negative and insignificant influence on e-government implementation, (2) Local original income has a positive and significant effect on e-government implementation, (3) general allocation funds have a positive and not significant effect on implementation e-government. (4) audit opinion does not significantly influence the implementation of e-government.
Pengaruh Jalur Pelaporan Dan Power Distance Terhadap Niat Melakukan Whistleblowing
Authors: Annisa Annisa , Dwita Sany 
Published: June 2021

This paper aims at examining the effect of wrongdoing reporting channels (anonymous and non-anonymous). Intention to report fraud via anonymous reporting channel are hypothesized to be higher than through non-anonymous reporting channel. As Hoftsede research of Indonesian culture, Indonesia has high score (78) on power distance dimention. This research uses experimental method to 152 students of Undergraduate of Accounting in UNP. By using eight-case scenarios, partispants were asked to answer the possibility to whistleblow the unethical behavior that occurred in the organization which was done by their manager or peer. The intention to report fraud via anonymous reporting channel is higher rather than via non-anonymous reporting channel. We also find that low power distance has positif impact for whistleblowing decision. Taken together, these findings contribute to the exising literature on accounting ethics.