bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change Impacts on Environment: Human Displacement and Social Conflicts in Nigeria
Authors: Olagunju T.E. , Adewoye S.O. , Adewoye A.O. , Opasola O.A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In northern Nigeria, drought and desertification have grossly affected water available and land carrying capacity for both pastureland and farmlands. Hence, the northerners, particularly, the youthinevitably migrate to the south for greener pasture for themselves and the animals. Most of these youths are uneducated and not skilled to secure employment, they, therefore, become an instrument in the hands of religious bigotry. This climatic change can also result in a rise in sea level, thereby increasing the flood events especially, in Nigeria’s lowlands. These changes have not only caused fierce conflicts buthave additionally brought about the death of thousands and rendered many homeless. The Nigeria Middle Belt has been the region most impacted by violent death resulting from land resource scarcity. The conflict has ensued between contrasting groups when essential resources become scarcely limited. Northern Nigeria accounts for 68% of every fiercedeath due to the issues of land between farmers and pastoralists in 2006 and 2014, a figure not half the reported cases in 2018 alone. The inadequacies in the Nigerian adaptation efforts to its dwindling climate could be attributed to corruption, institutional shortcomings and political will predisposes the country to more dangers of environmental change impacts. Therefore, climate change mitigating and adaptation measures, unbiased and efficient conflict management strategies, as well as the improved condition of living must be ensured by the government stakeholders to safecurrent and future generations of the country from havocs due to climate impacts.
MILLENIAL OUTLOOK ON POVERTY AND ITS CONSEQUENCE ON HUMAN SECURITY IN NIGERIA
Authors: Iheagwam Nelson Chidiebere , Iheagwam Franklyn Nonso , Oni Samuel Olorunmaiye 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This research is addressesmillennial outlook on poverty in contemporary Nigeria and its impact on human security. The objectives of this study were to examine the causes of poverty, effect of poverty on human security and how poverty can be curbed in Nigeriafrom year 2000 - 2018. The data required for this study were acquired using secondary data sources. Two propositions were drawn from this study and content analysis was used to prove them. The result showedpoverty had an effect on human security in Nigeria as well as being the root of many human security problems. Nigerian state must therefore deal with the issue of poverty in its soil concomitantly bettering human security.
Seismically Determined Acoustic Gruneisen Parameter in the Earth’s core
Authors: Ogunseye T. T. , Popoola O. I. , Awe O.E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The determination of the thermodynamic properties of the Earth’s core requires the computation of acoustic Grüneisen parameter of solids at the prevailing pressure and temperature of the Earth’s core. The acoustic Grüneisen parameter, γa
, of the Earth’s core were determined seismically from the velocity and density profiles. In this paper, the seismic data from the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) were used in computing the acoustic Grüneisen parameter γa
at each depth of the Earth’s core. The thermal derivatives

d

(
I
n

V

S

)

d

(
I
n

V

ρ

)

and

d

(
I
n

V

P

)

d

(
I
n

V

ρ

)

which defines the modes from the velocity and density profiles were used to determine the values of the acoustic Grüneisen parameter. The result for the outer core showed that the average γa
is 1.53 which is found to be consistent with result obtained from previous studies
Compatibility of Electromagnetic (EM) Method and Geospatial Analysis for Identifying the Vulnerable Building Zonation in Coastline Area of Ado-Odo Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Maxwell Omeje , Adewoyin Olusegun O. , Joel Emmanuel S. , Adagunodo Theophilus A. , Akinwumi Sayo A. , Omeje Uchechukwu A. , Arijaje Theophilus E. , Danie Ozieme Arinze , Akinpelu Akinwumi , Kwushue Daniel , Sani Victor , Folarin Ife , Victor Belo , Bello Oluwaseyi O. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Collapsing of building incidents have been reported all over the world and seems to be commonespecially in sedimentary terrain of the coastal plain sand of Ado-Odo Ota which has the same subsurface features as the Lagos that experience regular building collapse. This building collapse is attributed to several causes. The reasons that have been identified, have added little or no impact on reducing this environmental disaster. This study presents the strength of emerging and existing geophysical tools for near-surface structural studies. The aim is to reveal the recent technical development on improving field surveys to minimize building collapse. Data acquisition using electromagnetic (EM) methods which are known for fast mapping of near-surface spatial variation as well as obtaining the subsurface vertical variation in electrical conductivity was adopted. The acquired spatial and attribute data was introduced in a GIS environment with different thematic vectors/layers created by digitizing the satellite image of the study area. The GIS digitizing was to geographically trace the acquired data with accurate coordinates from the obtained EM field data with the thematic layer representing the features such as weak zone and competence zones that can hold buildings. A transverse was taken in a strategic positions considering the regional features with 10 m spacing to cover the marked stations. It revealed the layer depths range from 0.37 to 1.64 m with the much competence layer found to be about 1.64 mbeyond which may be the thick clay Ilaro formation that underlies the recent formation. The weathered shear zone at the depth of 0.37 m may be the recent lithoral deposits which is geotechnically and geologicallyunstable and proximity to active faults of ruptured geomorphology of the building zonation.
Significance of using electromagnetic (EM) method for groundwater investigation in Sedimentary and Basement terrains: a review
Authors: Maxwell Omeje , Oni Olubukola A. , Adewoyin Olusegun O. , Joel Emmanuel S. , Adagunodo Theophilus A. , Akinwumi Sayo A. , Omeje Uchechukwu A. , Arijaje Theophilus E. , Akinpelu Akinwumi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This review article briefly explores the significance of electromagnetic method among other methods used in groundwater investigation. Groundwater investigation can be carried out using various methods such as seismic, magnetic, electromagnetic (EM), electrical resistivity, gravity, remote sensing. Each with its peculiar implication. This paper discusses the effectiveness of EM in detail subsurface investigation for groundwater exploration through an extensive review of the literature. Relevant literatures within the last three years were considered to understand the groundwater features using the EM method over other techniques. Studies using other methods were also examined to compare their reliability in groundwater studies to EM method. This study discovered that the EM method is cheaper, faster and of higher precision in identifying groundwater bearing formation and possible structural control of which the rest technique do not posess such attribute. On this note, there should be a growing interest in the use of EM techniques for groundwater mapping, which gives credible and classification of structural features of both basement and sedimentary terrain groundwater characteristics.
Characteristics of the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study: Opportunities for Research on Aging With HIV in the Longest US Observational Study of HIV
Authors: D’Souza Gypsyamber , Bhondoekhan Fiona , Benning Lorie , Margolick Joseph B , Adedimeji Adebola A , Adimora Adaora A , Alcaide Maria L , Cohen Mardge H , Detels Roger , Friedman M Reuel , Holman Susan , Konkle-Parker Deborah J , Merenstein Daniel , Ofotokun Igho , Palella Frank , Altekruse Sean , Brown Todd T , Tien Phyllis C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In 2019, the National Institutes of Health combined the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) into the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS). In this paper, participants who made a study visit during October 2018–September 2019 (targeted for MWCCS enrollment) are described by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serostatus and compared with people living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States. Participants include 2,115 women and 1,901 men with a median age of 56 years (interquartile range, 48–63); 62% are PLWH. Study sites encompass the South (18%), the Mid-Atlantic/Northeast (45%), the West Coast (22%), and the Midwest (15%). Participant race/ethnicity approximates that of PLWH throughout the United States. Longitudinal data and specimens collected for 35 years (men) and 25 years (women) were combined. Differences in data collection and coding were reviewed, and key risk factor and comorbidity data were harmonized. For example, recent use of alcohol (62%) and tobacco (28%) are common, as are dyslipidemia (64%), hypertension (56%), obesity (42%), mildly or severely impaired daily activities (31%), depressive symptoms (28%), and diabetes (22%). The MWCCS repository includes serum, plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cell pellets, urine, cervicovaginal lavage samples, oral samples, B-cell lines, stool, and semen specimens. Demographic differences between the MACS and WIHS can confound analyses by sex. The merged MWCCS is both an ongoing observational cohort study and a valuable resource for harmonized longitudinal data and specimens for HIV-related research.
The use of a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide–based colorimetric assay in the viability analysis of the filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis
Authors: Shiraishi Hideaki , Toyoda Akiko 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
The applicability of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to an industrially valuable filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis was examined. When it was applied to A. platensis NIES-39, as few as 10 viable trichomes were quantitatively detected. However, depending on the experimental conditions, it also generated artifactual viability signals. The results should help clarify the scope and limits of the MTT assay in viability analysis.
Psychrophile-based simple biocatalysts for effective coproduction of 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol
Authors: Mojarrad Mohammad , Tajima Takahisa , Hida Akiko , Kato Junichi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) have tremendous potential markets in many industries. This study evaluated the simultaneous biosynthesis of the 2 compounds using the new psychrophile-based simple biocatalyst (PSCat) reaction system. The PSCat method is based on the expression of glycerol dehydratase, 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae in Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 and Shewanella frigidimarina DSM 12253, individually. Heat treatment at 45 °C for 15 min deactivated the intracellular metabolic flux, and the production process was started after adding substrate, cofactor, and coenzyme. In the solo production process after 1 h, the maximum production of 3-HP was 62.0 m m. For 1,3-PDO, the maximum production was 25.0 m m. In the simultaneous production process, productivity was boosted, and the production of 3-HP and 1,3-PDO increased by 13.5 and 4.9 m m, respectively. Hence, the feasibility of the individual production and the simultaneous biosynthesis system were verified in the new PSCat approach.
HeteroGGM: an R package for Gaussian graphical model-based heterogeneity analysis
Authors: Ren Mingyang , Zhang Sanguo , Zhang Qingzhao , Ma Shuangge 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Summary
Heterogeneity is a hallmark of many complex human diseases, and unsupervised heterogeneity analysis has been extensively conducted using high-throughput molecular measurements and histopathological imaging features. ‘Classic’ heterogeneity analysis has been based on simple statistics such as mean, variance and correlation. Network-based analysis takes interconnections as well as individual variable properties into consideration and can be more informative. Several Gaussian graphical model (GGM)-based heterogeneity analysis techniques have been developed, but friendly and portable software is still lacking. To facilitate more extensive usage, we develop the R package HeteroGGM, which conducts GGM-based heterogeneity analysis using the advanced penaliztaion techniques, can provide informative summary and graphical presentation, and is efficient and friendly.

Availabilityand implementation
The package is available at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=HeteroGGM.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Validation of the Skåne University Hospital nomogram for the preoperative prediction of a disease-free axilla in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Majid S , Bendahl P-O , Huss L , Manjer J , Rydén L , Dihge L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Axillary staging via sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is performed for clinically node-negative (N0) breast cancer patients. The Skåne University Hospital (SUS) nomogram was developed to assess the possibility of omitting SLNB for patients with a low risk of nodal metastasis. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.74. The aim was to validate the SUS nomogram using only routinely collected data from the Swedish National Quality Registry for Breast Cancer at two breast cancer centres during different time periods.

Method
This retrospective study included patients with primary breast cancer who were treated at centres in Lund and Malmö during 2008–2013. Clinicopathological predictors in the SUS nomogram were age, mode of detection, tumour size, multifocality, lymphovascular invasion and surrogate molecular subtype. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Validation performance was assessed using AUC and calibration.

Results
The study included 2939 patients (1318 patients treated in Lund and 1621 treated in Malmö). Node-positive disease was detected in 1008 patients. The overall validation AUC was 0.74 (Lund cohort AUC: 0.75, Malmö cohort AUC: 0.73), and the calibration was satisfactory. Accepting a false-negative rate of 5 per cent for predicting N0, a possible SLNB reduction rate of 15 per cent was obtained in the overall cohort.

Conclusion
The SUS nomogram provided acceptable power for predicting a disease-free axilla in the validation cohort. This tool may assist surgeons in identifying and counselling patients with a low risk of nodal metastasis on the omission of SLNB staging.
Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation versus autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis for chondral defects of the talus: a systematic review
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Maffulli Nicola , Baroncini Alice , Knobe Matthias , Tingart Markus , Eschweiler Jörg 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionChondral defects of the talus are common and their treatment is challenging.Source of dataRecent published literatures.Areas of agreementMembrane-induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (mACI) and Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis (AMIC) have been proposed as management for chondral defects of the talus.Areas of controversyIt is debated whether AMIC provides greater outcomes compared to mACI for chondral regeneration. Several clinical studies showed controversial results, and the best treatment has not yet been clarified.Growing pointsTo investigate whether AMIC provide superior outcomes than mACI at midterm follow-up.Areas timely for developing researchAMIC exhibits similar clinical results to mACI. However, AMIC involves one single surgical procedure, no articular cartilage harvest and hence no morbidity from it, no need for chondrocyte expansion in a separate laboratory setting. For these reasons, AMIC may be preferred to mACI.
A neurogenetic analysis of female autism
Authors: Jack Allison , Sullivan Catherine A W , Aylward Elizabeth , Bookheimer Susan Y , Dapretto Mirella , Gaab Nadine , Van Horn John D , Eilbott Jeffrey , Jacokes Zachary , Torgerson Carinna M , Bernier Raphael A , Geschwind Daniel H , McPartland James C , Nelson Charles A , Webb Sara J , Pelphrey Kevin A , Gupta Abha R ,   the GENDAAR Consortium, Bernier Raphael A , McPartland James C , Ventola Pamela , Kresse Anna , Neuhaus Emily , Corrigan Sarah , Wolf Julie , McDonald Nicole , Ankenman Katy , Webb Sara J , Jeste Shafali , Nelson Charles A , Naples Adam , Libsack Erin , Pelphrey Kevin A , Aylward Elizabeth , Bookheimer Susan Y , Gaab Nadine , Dapretto Mirella , Van Horn John D , Jack Allison , Guilford Desiree , Torgerson Carinna , Welker Olivia , Geschwind Daniel H , Gupta Abha R , W Sullivan Catherine A , Lowe Jennifer K , Jacokes Zachary , MacDonnell Erin , Tsapelas Heidi , Depedro-Mercier Dianna , Keifer Cara M , Ventola Pamela 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Females versus males are less frequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and while understanding sex differences is critical to delineating the systems biology of the condition, female ASD is understudied. We integrated functional MRI and genetic data in a sex-balanced sample of ASD and typically developing youth (8–17 years old) to characterize female-specific pathways of ASD risk. Our primary objectives were to: (i) characterize female ASD (n = 45) brain response to human motion, relative to matched typically developing female youth (n = 45); and (ii) evaluate whether genetic data could provide further insight into the potential relevance of these brain functional differences. For our first objective we found that ASD females showed markedly reduced response versus typically developing females, particularly in sensorimotor, striatal, and frontal regions. This difference between ASD and typically developing females does not resemble differences between ASD (n = 47) and typically developing males (n = 47), even though neural response did not significantly differ between female and male ASD. For our second objective, we found that ASD females (n = 61), versus males (n = 66), showed larger median size of rare copy number variants containing gene(s) expressed in early life (10 postconceptual weeks to 2 years) in regions implicated by the typically developing female &gt; female functional MRI contrast. Post hoc analyses suggested this difference was primarily driven by copy number variants containing gene(s) expressed in striatum. This striatal finding was reproducible among n = 2075 probands (291 female) from an independent cohort. Together, our findings suggest that striatal impacts may contribute to pathways of risk in female ASD and advocate caution in drawing conclusions regarding female ASD based on male-predominant cohorts.
Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation Inhibits Cortical Spreading Depression
Authors: Bian Nannan , Yuan Yi , Li Yingwei , Liu Mengyang , Li Xiaoli 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cortical spreading depression (CSD), which is closely correlated with migraine aura, cerebral ischemia, seizure, and brain injury, is a spreading wave of neuronal and glial depolarization. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (PUS) inhibits CSD by modulating neural activity and hemodynamics. Behavioral test, intrinsic signal optical imaging and western blot analysis were used for evaluating the inhibition effect of PUS on CSD in rat. We found that: 1) 30 min of PUS can significantly improve motor activity of rat with CSD. 2) Both 30 s and 30 min of PUS can significantly reduce count and propagation speed of CSD in rat and the inhibitory effect was enhanced with increase of ultrasound intensity. 3) 30 min of PUS significantly enhanced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in brain tissue with CSD. These results suggest that PUS has the potential to treat brain disorders associated with CSD.
Improving Selection Detection with Population Branch Statistic on Admixed Populations
Authors: Yelmen Burak , Marnetto Davide , Molinaro Ludovica , Flores Rodrigo , Mondal Mayukh , Pagani Luca 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Detecting natural selection signals in admixed populations can be problematic since the source of the signal typically dates back prior to the admixture event. On one hand, it is now possible to study various source populations before a particular admixture thanks to the developments in ancient DNA (aDNA) in the last decade. However, aDNA availability is limited to certain geographical regions and the sample sizes and quality of the data might not be sufficient for selection analysis in many cases. In this study, we explore possible ways to improve detection of pre-admixture signals in admixed populations using a local ancestry inference approach. We used masked haplotypes for population branch statistic (PBS) and full haplotypes constructed following our approach from Yelmen et al. (2019) for cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH), utilizing forward simulations to test the power of our analysis. The PBS results on simulated data showed that using masked haplotypes obtained from ancestry deconvolution instead of the admixed population might improve detection quality. On the other hand, XP-EHH results using the admixed population were better compared with the local ancestry method. We additionally report correlation for XP-EHH scores between source and admixed populations, suggesting that haplotype-based approaches must be used cautiously for recently admixed populations. Additionally, we performed PBS on real South Asian populations masked with local ancestry deconvolution and report here the first possible selection signals on the autochthonous South Asian component of contemporary South Asian populations.
Genomic prediction of hybrid crops allows disentangling dominance and epistasis
Authors: González-Diéguez David , Legarra Andrés , Charcosset Alain , Moreau Laurence , Lehermeier Christina , Teyssèdre Simon , Vitezica Zulma G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We revisited, in a genomic context, the theory of hybrid genetic evaluation models of hybrid crosses of pure lines, as the current practice is largely based on infinitesimal model assumptions. Expressions for covariances between hybrids due to additive substitution effects and dominance and epistatic deviations were analytically derived. Using dense markers in a GBLUP analysis, it is possible to split specific combining ability into dominance and across-groups epistatic deviations, and to split general combining ability (GCA) into within-line additive effects and within-line additive by additive (and higher order) epistatic deviations. We analyzed a publicly available maize data set of Dent × Flint hybrids using our new model (called GCA-model) up to additive by additive epistasis. To model higher order interactions within GCAs, we also fitted “residual genetic” line effects. Our new GCA-model was compared with another genomic model which assumes a uniquely defined effect of genes across origins. Most variation in hybrids is accounted by GCA. Variances due to dominance and epistasis have similar magnitudes. Models based on defining effects either differently or identically across heterotic groups resulted in similar predictive abilities for hybrids. The currently used model inflates the estimated additive genetic variance. This is not important for hybrid predictions but has consequences for the breeding scheme—e.g. overestimation of the genetic gain within heterotic group. Therefore, we recommend using GCA-model, which is appropriate for genomic prediction and variance component estimation in hybrid crops using genomic data, and whose results can be practically interpreted and used for breeding purposes.