bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise effects on fatigue in breast cancer survivors after treatments: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Hui‐Ping , Kuo Yi‐Hsuan , Tai Wen‐Yuan , Liu Hsueh‐Erh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to explore the effects of exercise interventions by type, duration and intensity of exercise for fatigue in breast cancer survivors who had completed their treatment.BackgroundMost studies found that exercise has valuable outcomes for cancer survivors. This meta‐analysis comprehensively summarizes the benefits of exercise intervention for fatigue in breast cancer patients who had completed their adjuvant treatments.MethodsWe conducted a meta‐analysis on randomized control trials published during 1 January 2000 through 31 December 2019, from PubMed, Cochrane Library databases, EMBASE, Medline (ProQuest), CINAHL, PsycINFO, Chinese Electronic Periodical Service and Wan Fan Data with prespecified searching criteria. Breast cancer patients earlier than stage IIIc and completing adjuvant treatments were included, and the effects of exercise on fatigue were investigated.ResultsNine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included (N = 581). Patients receiving exercise interventions showed reduced fatigue comparing with those without exercise. Exercise with low–moderate intensity, 20 min/day, three times per week and lasting up to 12 weeks had a significant effect on reducing fatigue for breast cancer survivors.ConclusionOur study suggested that exercise interventions can reduce fatigue for this group of cancer survivors. The duration and intensity of exercise intervention could be prescribed for this specific group of cancer patients as a basic requirement to handle their reported fatigue.
Preparation and study of the mechanical and optical properties of infrared transparent Y2O3–MgO composite ceramics
Authors: Shen Zongyun , Xie Junxi , Qian Kaichen , Zhu Qiangqiang , Mao Xiaojian , Feng Minghui , Jiang Benxue , Zhang Long , Fan Jintai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, fine Y2O3–MgO composite nanopowders were synthesized via the sol–gel method. Dense Y2O3–MgO composite ceramics were fabricated by pre‐sintering the green body in air at different temperatures for 1 h and then subjecting the sintered bodies to hot isostatic pressing at 1300°C for 1 h. The effects of pre‐sintering temperature on the microstructural, mechanical, and optical properties of the resulting ceramics were studied. The average grain size of the ceramics was increased, whereas their hardness and fracture toughness were decreased with increasing pre‐sintering temperature. A maximum fracture toughness of 1.42 MPa·m1/2 and Vickers hardness of 10.4 GPa were obtained. The average flexural strength of the ceramics was 411 MPa at room temperature and reached 361 MPa at 600°C. A transmittance of 84% in the 3–5 µm region was obtained when the composite ceramics were sintered at 1400°C. Moreover, a transmittance of 76% in the 3–5 µm region was obtained at 500°C.
(001)‐oriented BiFeO3 films integrated on Si with enhanced electrical performances
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wu Hao , Kang Limin , Peng Bowen , Bao Jianqiu , Hu Fangren 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHighly (001)‐oriented pure‐phase BFO films were prepared on traditional Si substrates via radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RFMS). The crystallinity of the films is found to be increased, that is, higher degree of (001) texture, larger grain size, less grain boundary, denser surface morphology, and better thickness uniformity, with increased film thickness. These factors have significant influences on the electrical properties of BFO films, that is, dielectric response, as well as ferroelectric polarization and leakage current characteristics. The 240‐nm‐thick film exhibits relatively poor electrical properties compared with other three thicker films, which is mainly due to its small grain, the enhancement of the clamping effect of neighboring grains, and the absence of domain walls. The essential roles of the evolution and distribution of grains/domains and defect charges in leakage mechanism and ferroelectric switching polarization were also investigated systematically. It was found that 600‐nm‐thick BFO film has the lowest leakage current density (as low as 1.8 × 10−6 A / cm2 @ 90 kV/cm) and followed a mixed SE or SCLC conduction behavior, while the leakage behavior in other films is dominated by SE and P‐F currents. All (001)‐BFO films have a giant electrical polarization which is solely originated from the contribution of ferroelectric domain switching, and it has lower switching voltage and faster switching rate in thicker films.
Undergraduate nursing students' education and training in aseptic technique: A mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Hawker Clare , Gould Dinah , Courtenay Molly , Edwards Deborah 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo appraise and synthesize empirical studies exploring undergraduate nursing students' education and training in aseptic technique.DesignMixed methods, systematic literature review adopting Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.Data sourcesThirteen electronic databases were searched 1996–2020, followed by searches with a general browser, hand‐searching key journals and reviewing reference lists of retrieved papers.Review methodsPotentially eligible papers were scrutinised by two reviewers. Those eligible were critically appraised and quality assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and Specialist Unit for Review Evidence checklists.ResultsOf 538 potentially eligible studies, 27 met the inclusion criteria. There was limited evidence of the effectiveness of different teaching methods. Students' knowledge, understanding and competency varied and were often poor, although they reported confidence in their ability to perform aseptic technique. Students and qualified nurses perceived that education and training in aseptic techniques might be improved.ConclusionEducation and training in aseptic technique might be improved but the review findings should be viewed cautiously because the studies lacked methodological rigour.ImpactThis appears to be the first systematic review to explore undergraduate nursing students' education and training in relation to aseptic technique. There was limited evidence to support the effectiveness of different teaching methods and scope for improving nursing students' knowledge, understanding and competency in aseptic technique. Students and qualified nurses suggested that education and training might be enhanced. More robust studies are required to support education, practice and policy.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks from ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with ischemic heart disease: Preventative measures, shortcomings, cost‐effectiveness, and global practice perspectives
Authors: Kantharia Bharat K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractImplantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have proven to be life‐saving devices in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) who are prone to develop ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF). Antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) are commonly prescribed in many such patients with ICDs to treat and prevent different forms of arrhythmias in clinical practice. When these patients experience recurrent monomorphic VT despite chronic AADs therapy, or when AAD therapy is contraindicated or not tolerated, and VT storm is refractory to AAD therapy, catheter ablation constitute guideline‐based class I indication of treatment. However, what should be the most appropriate strategy to prevent first ICD shock or subsequent multiple shocks from VT/VF in patients with ICM who undergo ICD implantation without prior incidence of cardiac arrest, remains debatable. The purpose of this review is to discuss preventative aspects of ICD shocks for VT and the shortcomings of these measures along with the cost‐effectiveness and global perspectives based on the current knowledge of the topic.
Effect of dapagliflozin on diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease via MAPK signalling pathway
Authors: Yue Zhaodi , Li Li , Fu Hui , Yin Yanyan , Du Bingyu , Wang Fangqi , Ding Yi , Liu Yibo , Zhao Renjie , Zhang Zhongwen , Yu Shaohong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractClinical studies have shown that dapagliflozin can reduce cardiovascular outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the exact mechanism is unclear. In this study, we used the molecular docking and network pharmacology methods to explore the potential mechanism of dapagliflozin on T2DM complicated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Dapagliflozin's potential targets were predicted via the Swiss Target Prediction platform. The pathogenic targets of T2DM and CVD were screened by the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and Gene Cards databases. The common targets of dapagliflozin, T2DM and CVD were used to establish a protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network; the potential protein functional modules in the PPI network were found out by MCODE. Metascape tool was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. A potential protein functional module with the best score was obtained from the PPI network and 9 targets in the protein functional module all showed good binding properties when docking with dapagliflozin. The results of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the underlying mechanism mainly involved AGE‐RAGE signalling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF signalling pathway and MAPK signalling pathway. Significantly, the MAPK signalling pathway was considered as the key pathway. In conclusion, we speculated that dapagliflozin played a therapeutic role in T2DM complicated with CVD mainly through MAPK signalling pathway. This study preliminarily reveals the possible mechanism of dapagliflozin in the treatment of T2DM complicated with CVD and provides a theoretical basis for future clinical research.
Reimagining Youth Justice: How the Dual Crises of COVID‐19 and Racial Injustice Inform Judicial Policymaking and Reform
Authors: Gagnon Alysha , Alpern Samahria 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic and the rejuvenated movement for racial justice in 2020 have presented an opportunity to reimagine the roles, practices, and policies of juvenile and family court systems actors. In order to capture contemporary ideas about judicial practice and policy reforms, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with Hon. Edwina Mendelson, Deputy Chief Administrative Judge for the Office of Justice Initiatives in New York State, and Hon. Steven Teske, Chief Judge of the Juvenile Court of Clayton County, Georgia. These interviews yielded several recommendations for judicial reform in youth justice (e.g., implement court‐wide procedural justice practices, improve accessibility using technology). These recommendations can be used by systems actors across the country, particularly those interested in adapting their courtroom practices for a post‐pandemic world.
Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant and Postpartum Women in Prison
Authors: Howland Mariann A. , Kotlar Bethany , Davis Laurel , Shlafer Rebecca J. 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionWomen in prison experience high rates of mental and physical health problems, and pregnant and postpartum women in prison may be particularly vulnerable. Very few studies have examined depressive symptoms among women who are pregnant and give birth in prison. We assessed depressive symptoms longitudinally from pregnancy into the postpartum period in a sample of 58 women who gave birth in prison. We also considered whether incarceration‐related factors (length of time incarcerated while pregnant, remaining length of sentence to serve after birth) were associated with depressive symptoms.MethodsData were collected as part of an ongoing evaluation of a prison‐based pregnancy and parenting support program at one women's state prison. At prenatal and postpartum visits with their doula, women completed the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9), a measure of depressive symptom severity.ResultsMore than one‐third of our sample of women who were incarcerated and gave birth in custody met criteria for moderate to severe depression on the PHQ‐9 during pregnancy or the postpartum period. Women who faced longer periods of incarceration following birth and separation from their newborns reported higher levels of postpartum depressive symptoms.DiscussionFindings have implications for practice and policy aimed at supporting the mental health needs of women who are pregnant in prison, particularly those women who give birth in custody and are separated from their newborns.
Smoking Cessation among Pregnant and Postpartum Women from Low‐Income Groups in the United States
Authors: Kedia Satish K. , Ahuja Nikhil A. , Carswell April , Vander Weg Mark W. , Scarinci Isabel C. , Ward Kenneth D. 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionPregnancy creates a unique window of opportunity for smoking cessation. However, pregnant women from underserved groups can face personal, social, and environmental challenges that impede quitting. This study draws upon the socioecological framework to explore perspectives on smoking cessation among pregnant and postpartum women from low‐income groups in the mid‐South of the United States.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 60 women who were pregnant or postpartum. Data were analyzed in Dedoose qualitative software using the directed content analysis approach.ResultsFindings reveal that at the individual level, motivations for smoking cessation included the fact of being pregnant, risks associated with the infant's health, and desire to breastfeed. However, some pregnant women perceived that slowing down on smoking during pregnancy was adequate to prevent harm to their fetuses. Individual‐level factors that made smoking cessation difficult included nicotine addiction and habit, boredom, stressful life circumstances, fear of weight gain, and perceived lack of willpower. At the interpersonal level, living in a smoke‐free environment where loved ones do not smoke and emotional and practical support from social network members including partners and family members were thought to facilitate smoking cessation. At the organizational level, access to nicotine replacement therapies and counseling aided in their abilities to quit smoking. At the policy level, pregnant women viewed increase in cigarette prices, warning labels on the cigarette pack, and the potential for a ban on cigarette sales as having some effect in helping them quit smoking.DiscussionThis study offers theoretical insights into factors that function as barriers or facilitators of smoking cessation among pregnant and postpartum women from low‐income groups in the United States. Designing multilevel smoking cessation interventions while considering the interplay of individual, interpersonal, organizational, and policy level factors may lead to better cessation outcomes.
Effectiveness of simulation‐based peripheral intravenous catheterization training for nursing students and hospital nurses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Arslan Sümeyye , Kuzu Kurban Nevin , Takmak Şenay , Şanlialp Zeyrek Arife , Öztik Sinem , Şenol Hande 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeripheral intravenous catheterisation (PIVC) is a complex procedure.AimThis study reviewed studies evaluating the effects of different simulators in comparison with traditional methods used in PIVC training for nursing students and hospital nurses.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised (RCT) and non‐randomised controlled (N‐RCT) studies.MethodsMEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, ERIC, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were searched using PIVC, simulation and nursing education. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system; the risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2 (for RCTs) and A Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for N‐RCTs. The study was conducted as per the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsIn total, 2,812 records were identified, and 12 studies published between 2002 and 2018 were finally included. Most studies included Virtual IV simulator and the plastic IV arm model in PIVC training for hospital nurses and nursing students, reported on outcomes such as PIVC‐related knowledge, skills, confidence, state/trait anxiety and satisfaction. Seven studies were included in the meta‐analysis, the effect sizes for all the outcomes ranged from small to moderate. However, the effect sizes were non‐significant for all outcomes. The quality of evidence was assessed as being low for skills, knowledge, satisfaction, and trait/state anxiety, and moderate for confidence.ConclusionsThe effect of Virtual IV training on PIVC‐related skills, knowledge, satisfaction and anxiety among nursing students and hospital nurses, in comparison with the plastic arm training method, remains unclear. However, Virtual IV training was found to increase PIVC confidence.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is a small effect in favour of VR in PIVC education although non‐significant. More evidence is needed to determine the superiority of simulation methods. In PIVC training of nurses and nursing students, hospitals and schools can choose a method in accordance with their resources.Trial registrationPROSPERO 2019 CRD42019124599.
Comparing the impact of Check‐All‐That‐Apply (CATA) and Check‐All‐Statements (CAS) question formats on “agree” responses for different consumers' age groups and genders across five countries
Authors: Seninde Denis Richard , Chambers Edgar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCheck‐All‐That‐Apply (CATA) and Check‐All‐Statements (CAS) or (yes/no) question formats are used by consumer researchers but literature on the influence of those formats on responses from different consumer demographics is lacking. With CATA, consumers select all terms/statements that apply from a list while with CAS, consumers must respond (yes/no or agree/disagree) to each term/statement to show if it applies or not. Online surveys using CATA and CAS were conducted to compare the impact of the two question formats on the “agree” responses for gender and age groups (Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, Generation Z) in Brazil, China, India, Spain, and the United States. Consumers in each country were randomly assigned one of the two question formats (N = 200 per country per method). For most questions and demographic categories, the percentage of “agree” responses was higher when the CAS question format was used. Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) showed similarities in the “big picture” information collected by CAS and CATA but differences existed in the details. The response distribution and level of detail provided by specific age groups or gender depended on which question format was used. The resulting decisions and recommendations made by researchers for demographic segments of the population could be different.Practical ApplicationsThis study suggests that CATA and CAS provide similar “big picture” information but that the details may be different when using the shortened form (CATA) of questionnaire design for some demographic sub‐groups in some countries.
Anaphylaxis to foods purchased from food establishments in Australia
Authors: Zurzolo Giovanni A , Campbell Dianne E , Said Maria , Peters Rachel L , Dharmage Shyamali C 
Published: July 2021

AimFood establishments that sell non‐packaged foods are not required to have a food label directly on the food product detailing the ingredients. This practice could increase the risk of anaphylaxis among individuals with food allergy. The aim of the study is to understand whether anaphylaxis occurs commonly in individuals with food allergy as a consequence of eating food products purchased from food establishments.MethodsWe undertook an anonymous on‐line cross‐sectional survey of food allergic individuals over a 9‐month period. Anaphylaxis was defined as reported symptoms consistent with the Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy definition of anaphylaxis.ResultsA total of 268 responses were received over the study period and 264 consented and completed the questionnaire. Among our survey participants, the rate of anaphylaxis to food purchased from establishments was 27% (n = 67/246, 95% confidence interval 21.8–33.3%). Of those who reported an anaphylaxis (n = 67), 87% reported informing staff of their/their dependents food allergy/s. Most (81%) reported that they would like to see additional information, such as listing of allergen information next to dishes on the menu and 61% reported that staff pro‐actively asking about food allergies would be beneficial.ConclusionAnaphylaxis from food purchased at food establishments is not uncommon despite a high proportion of individuals declaring their food allergy to staff. Consumers with food allergy would like to see allergen information listed on the menus and for staff to proactively enquire about food allergies. A food allergen matrix that is regularly checked/updated so staff and consumers have easy access to information on menu items and common allergens is required.
Clinical outcomes of orthogonal plating to treat radial and ulnar fractures in toy‐breed dogs
Authors: Higuchi M. , Katayama M. 
Published: July 2021

Objectives
To describe the results of orthogonal plating (OP) as a treatment for fractures of the radius and ulna in toy‐breed dogs.Materials and Methods
The medical records (June 2011 to April 2019) of toy‐breeds in which the OP technique using non‐locking cuttable plates was employed to treat radial and ulnar fractures were reviewed. The inclusion criteria included a bodyweight of 3.5 kg or less, fracture of the diaphysis of the radius and ulna of one or both forelimbs, and the availability of follow‐up radiographs. Revision surgeries were also included.Results
Fifteen limbs that underwent initial fracture repair and five that underwent revision surgery met the inclusion criteria. The radial and ulnar fractures healed in 19 limbs at the final follow‐up. Synostosis of the radius and ulna at the fracture sites was observed in one limb. Re‐fracture after cranial plate removal was observed in one case. All dogs exhibited successful return of normal limb function at the final clinical and radiographic follow‐up (mean, 104.7 ± 67.1 days; median, 79.5 days; range: 35 to 248 days). Long‐term follow‐up data obtained via telephone interviews to owners or referring veterinarians were available for 15 cases and confirmed maintenance of normal limb function in all dogs (mean, 32.5 ± 17.6 months; median, 26 months; range: 11 to 69 months).Clinical Significance
OP allowed the successful open reduction of radial and ulnar fractures, facilitating bone union in both the radius and ulna and a return to normal limb function in a series of toy‐breed dogs.
In vitro efficacy of Quillaja saponaria extracts on the infective life‐stage of ectoparasite Caligus rogercresseyi
Authors: Cañon Jones Hernán A. , Schlotterbeck Suarez Trinidad , Castillo‐Ruiz Mario , Cortes Gonzalez Hernán , Asencio Gladys , Latuz Susana , San Martín Ricardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe effect of two different commercial products of Quillaja saponaria saponin extract on mortality of the free‐living copepodite stage sea‐lice Caligus rogercresseyi were assessed in vitro. Parasites were exposed for 24 hr to different concentrations of Quillaja extracts and then observed until 30 hr in non‐Quillaja media. The EC50 and EC90 were evaluated at 30 hr. High mortalities of copepodites were obtained at higher doses (500 ppm) for both extracts. Higher mortalities were obtained using the product with higher saponin content at 24 hr (23.3% vs. 86.6%) and 30 hr (63.3% vs. 93.3%) compared with the product containing less saponins. In addition, mortalities increased even after removing the extracts suggesting a residual and prolonged effect on the survival of the parasite. Our results indicated that the free‐living stage of the parasite is sensitive to saponins from Q. saponaria extracts and may be used to control or prevent the infestation of C. rogercresseyi in salmonids in Chile.