bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proton pump inhibitor effect on macrophage and neutrophil function: a systematic review
Authors: Fowler Josef F. , Eubank Taryn A. , Garey Kevin W. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most used drugs worldwide. While generally considered safe, the usage of PPIs is associated with several adverse outcomes including acute infectious diseases. PPIs influence macrophage and neutrophil function although a systematic review has never been undertaken. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the potential mechanisms of how PPI-induced inhibition of macrophage and neutrophil function may increase infection risk in susceptible hosts.MethodsA database search using Scopus and PubMed was performed to identify studies that investigated the effects of PPIs on neutrophils or macrophage function.ResultsThe final screening yielded 21 English-language research articles that focused on the impacts of PPIs on the function of macrophages and neutrophils. PPI mechanistic effects included cytotoxic effects on polymorphonuclear neutrophils, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species, phagocytosis and phagosomal degradation, inhibition of chemotaxis and migration, altering Toll-like receptor signaling and p38 protein phosphorylation in immune cells, and altering neutrophil and macrophage gene expression.DiscussionThe impact of PPIs on MΦs and neutrophils regarding their role in the immune response to bacterial pathogens was summarized. PPI effects on macrophages and neutrophils occurred due to the therapeutic mechanism of PPIs, the protonation of sulfhydryl groups and the subsequent formation of a disulfide bond, and other pleiotropic manners. Given the common use of PPIs, these results highlight the necessity to optimize PPI use and stewardship to curtail unnecessary drug use.
PTCD and choledochoscopy for recurrent choledocholithiasis after multiple abdominal surgeries: a case report
Authors: Li Liqiang , Zeng Zihan , Li Wenbo , Lu Jun , Li Liang , Zhang Jun 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSpecial attention should be given to intra-abdominal adhesions in patients with a history of open cholecystectomy for gallstones or abdominal surgery. Choosing the appropriate surgical approach to remove the stones is crucial.Patient summaryA 68-year-old male was admitted due to sudden onset of upper abdominal pain lasting more than 6 h. In 2018, he underwent open Billroth II surgery for gastric cancer at an external hospital, and in 2020, he underwent open cholecystectomy for gallstones. In August 2023, he received gamma knife treatment for recurrent gastric cancer brain metastasis at another hospital with good results. In December of the same year, the patient presented to our hospital due to recurrent common bile duct stones and cholangitis. Given his history of two abdominal surgeries, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD) combined with choledochoscopic stone extraction was chosen, which was successful in completely removing the stones. A PTCD tube was left in place postoperatively.ConclusionFor patients with a history of two or more abdominal surgeries who experience recurrent common bile duct stones, PTCD has the advantages of a shorter operative time, less blood loss, earlier postoperative ventilation, earlier resumption of eating, minimal trauma and faster recovery.
Identifying fecal microbiota signatures of colorectal cancer in a Vietnamese cohort
Authors: Nhung Pham Thi Tuyet , Le Hang Thi Thu , Nguyen Quang Huy , Huyen Dao Thi , Quyen Dong Van , Song Le Huu , Van Thuan Tran , Tran Tam Thi Thanh 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top three causes of global cancer mortality. In Vietnam, CRC is the third leading cause of death in women and the fourth cause of cancer mortality in men. A large number of metagenomic studies have reported the relationship between altered composition and function of the gut microbiota with CRC, but this relationship in low- and middle-income countries including Vietnam (with an estimated population of 100.3 million people in 2023, ranking 16th largest country by population in the world) is not well-explored.MethodsWe collected clinical data and fecal samples from 43 CRC patients and 44 healthy control subjects. The total community DNA of microorganisms was extracted from the fecal samples and analyzed for microbiota composition using Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing targeting the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.ResultsWe identified a significant difference in the overall fecal microbiota composition between CRC patients and healthy controls, and we detected several CRC-associated microbial signatures in fecal samples of Vietnamese patients with CRC, which overlapped with signatures from other countries and meta-analyses. Although patients with (n = 8) and without (n = 35) type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibited distinct gut microbiota composition compared to healthy controls, increased relative abundances of putatively pathogenic species including Parvimonas micra, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, and Prevotella intermedia were consistent biomarkers for CRC. In contrast, several health-associated species were significantly depleted in CRC patients such as Lactobacillus johnsonii and Bifidobacterium longum in CRC/non-T2D patients, Ruminococcus species, Bacteroides uniformis, and Phascolarctobacterium faecium in CRC/T2D patients, and Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum in both CRC groups combined.ConclusionOur findings confirm alterations in gut microbiota composition in CRC in a pilot Vietnamese cohort and highlight several gut microbial taxa that may have inhibitory or driver roles in CRC. This and future studies will enable the development of cancer diagnostics and treatment strategies for CRC in Vietnam, with a focus on targeting the microbiota.
An experimental chimeric hepatitis E virus vaccine elicits both local and systemic immune responses
Authors: Müller Melisa Florencia , Sacur Jacinto , Brancher Julia Matias , Vera María Daniela , Arce Lorena , Raya-Tonetti María Fernanda , Kitazawa Haruki , Villena Julio , Vizoso-Pinto María Guadalupe 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe development of a hepatitis E virus (HEV) vaccine is critical, with ORF2 capsid protein as the main target. We previously demonstrated that oral coadministration of recombinant ORF2 with immunomodulatory bacterium-like-particles (IBLP) induces a specific immune response in mice, particularly using IBLP derived from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IBL027 (IBLP027), which was effective in eliciting a local humoral response. IBLP are non-live bacteria with adjuvant and carrier properties, serving as a platform for exposing proteins or antigens fused to LysM (lysine motif) domains, protein modules that bind to cell wall polysaccharides like peptidoglycan.MaterialsWe cloned the most immunogenic domain of ORF2 (O2P2) fused to five LysM domains (LysM5O2P2) and displayed this chimeric protein on the surface of IBLP027 to create a prototype vaccine (IBLP027-LysM5O2P2). We evaluated its capacity to induce an immune response in vivo by immunizing mice with three doses of either the experimental vaccine or the chimeric protein alone, using an oral or a combined schedule with subcutaneous priming followed by oral boosting. Control groups received IBLP027. Sera and small intestine fluid were analyzed for humoral response, while Peyer’s patches and spleen immune cells were used for ex vivo stimulation with capsid protein to assess cellular response.ResultsThe oral scheme failed to elicit an IgG response, but this was overcome by a subcutaneous priming dose followed by oral boosters, which led to increasing IgG titers in the combined scheme. The highest IgG titers were seen in the vaccine prototype group. Most groups produced significantly higher IgA levels in intestinal fluid, especially in those that received the oral scheme. Cellular response studies showed increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17 levels in groups receiving the chimeric protein via oral or combined schedules.ConclusionFurther and continuous research is needed to better understand both the needs and expectations of students and supervisors in different academic realities, including in Veterinary Medicine schools, from which the information available on the subject is scarce.
Efficacy of Hongjing I granule, an herbal medicine, in patients with mild to moderate erectile dysfunction in a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Run-Nan , Guo Jun , Zhang Chun-He , Zhou Qing , Gen Qiang , Wang Fu , Zhao Yu , Luo Xin-Yun , Li Yan-Feng , Fu Yi-Jia , Zhang Xin , Wang Wen-Zhi , Ma Jian-Xiong , Wang Jian , Huang Xiao-Jun , Huang Wen-Jie , Lv Bo-Dong 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundHJIG is a potential treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) that has been used in China for over 20 years. We conducted a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hongjing I granule (HJIG), in patients with mild to moderate erectile dysfunction (ED).MethodsThis study is structured as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, executed across multiple centers. The recruitment strategy is primarily oriented towards patients demonstrating a pronounced preference for solely leveraging traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) interventions, a preference that is widely observed within TCM healthcare settings. A total of 100 patients, presenting with mild to moderate ED, specifically linked to the traditional diagnostic criteria of qi deficiency and blood stasis, will be enrolled. These participants will be randomly distributed between the HJIG (N = 50) and placebo (N = 50) arms. The designated treatment period is set at 8 weeks. Primary outcome measures encompass the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain (IIEF-EF) score, the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP), and scores derived from the traditional Chinese medicine symptom evaluation.ResultsOf the 122 men enrolled, the baseline IIEF-EF score averaged 16.00 [IQR: 13.00, 18.00]. Eight weeks post-randomization, the HJIG group demonstrated a mean change in IIEF-EF scores of 7.80 (±3.25), compared to 3.33 (±3.90) in the placebo group, signifying a marked difference (P &lt; 0.001). The median alterations in SEP3 scores were 0.50 [IQR: 0.36, 0.75] for the HJIG group and 0.50 [0.20, 0.67] for the placebo group, revealing a statistically relevant distinction (P = 0.05). In both primary outcomes, HJIG proved superior to the placebo. Additionally, improvements in TCM symptom scores were notably greater in the HJIG group relative to the placebo, with no adverse events reported across both groups.ConclusionThe Hongjing I granule significantly improved symptoms in patients with mild to moderate ED. However, to validate these findings, further extended randomized trials are warranted.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe study has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) and the registration number was ChiCTR2000041127.
Oxygen is toxic in the cold in C. elegans
Authors: Suraci Cameron M. , Morrison Michael L. , Roth Mark B. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionTemperature and oxygen are two factors that profoundly affect survival limits of animals; too much or too little of either is lethal. However, humans and other animals can exhibit exceptional survival when oxygen and temperature are simultaneously low. This research investigates the role of oxygen in the cold shock death of Caenorhabditis elegans.MethodsThe survival of C. elegans populations in combinations of oxygen concentrations and was assayed. Additionally, the effect of cold acclimatization, mutations in the cold acclimatization pathway, compounds, and antioxidant proteins on survival in low temperatures and high oxygen were investigated.ResultsWe demonstrate that C. elegans have increased survival in 2°C when deprived of oxygen, and an increase to just 0.25 kPa of oxygen decreased survival. Additionally, we show that oxygen toxicity produced by a 35-fold increase above atmospheric oxygen levels was fatal for nematodes in 8 h at room temperature and 2 h at 2°C. We found that cold acclimatization and mutations in the cold acclimatization pathway improve survival in room temperature oxygen toxicity. Furthermore, we found that the compounds glucose, manganese (II), and ascorbate improve both cold shock and high oxygen survival, while the antioxidant proteins catalase and peroxiredoxin are essential to wild type survival in these conditions.DiscussionOur results suggest that oxygen toxicity contributes to the death of C. elegans during cold shock. The changes in survival induced by cold acclimatization and mutations in the cold acclimatization pathway suggest that oxygen toxicity in the cold exerts evolutionary pressure, leading to the development of protections against it. Additionally, the resistance provided by diverse compounds and antioxidant proteins in both low temperature and high oxygen suggests these conditions have similar chemical environments. We discuss evidence that similar phenomena may function in humans.
Psychometric properties of the perceived stress scale (PSS‐10) among pregnant women in China
Authors: Zhang ZiYang , Wang Qingzhi 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPregnancy, a transformative phase, is often fraught with considerable psychological stress. Within the context of Chinese culture, characterized by intricate family dynamics, societal expectations, and deeply rooted traditional beliefs, the manifestation of stress during pregnancy may present with distinct nuances. The adaptation and validation of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) for the Chinese context are pivotal for a nuanced understanding and effective intervention for the stressors encountered by pregnant women in China.MethodsThis study enrolled a cohort of 990 pregnant women who completed both the PSS-10 and the Chinese Mental Health Scale (CMHS). The internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s omega. The construct validity was explored through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), while Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was utilized to validate the scale’s structural integrity. Criterion-related validity was established by correlating PSS-10 scores with CMHS scores, thereby assessing the scale’s convergent and discriminant validity.ResultsThe result demonstrated PSS-10 had robust internal consistency, with Cronbach’s α coefficients and McDonald’s omega (Composite reliability) were more than 0.70 for the scale and its constituent sub-factors. EFA and parallel analysis revealed two salient factors with eigenvalues surpassing 1.0, which accounted for 60.58% and 63.22% of the variance among the second and third trimester samples, respectively. The CFA confirmed the two-factor model’s congruence with the PSS-10’s structure in both sub-samples, with excellent model fit indicated by the fit indices: Standardized Root Mean Residual (SRMR) below 0.08 and both Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) above 0.90. Additionally, the correlation analysis with CMHS scores substantiated the PSS-10’s concurrent validity.ConclusionThe PSS-10 exhibits commendable psychometric properties, rendering it a pertinent and reliable instrument for assessing perceived stress among pregnant women in China. This validation underscores the PSS-10’s utility in psychological research and clinical practice pertaining to Chinese pregnant populations.
Differential effects of threat types on attentional processes: a comparison of snakes and blood-injury-injection stimuli
Authors: Zsido Andras Norbert , Kiss Botond László 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPrevious research on the visual processing of threats has largely overlooked the Q8 distinct effects of various types of threats, despite evidence suggesting unique brain activation patterns for specific fears. Our study examines the differential effects of threat types on attentional processes, focusing on snakes and blood-injury-injection (BII) stimuli. We sought to test whether these two types of threat stimuli, as taskirrelevant distractors, would lead to similar effects in a visual search task.MethodsParticipants were exposed to emotionally charged stimuli of varying arousal (medium and high) and neutral pictures of low arousal as task-irrelevant distractors while performing a primary visual search task.ResultsWe found that BII-related distractor pictures interfered with attention to the primary task, resulting in slower reaction times compared to snake pictures. In addition, BII-related medium arousal stimuli decreased, but high arousal facilitated both orienting and executive attentional performance. Exploratory analysis of personality traits revealed differential effects of trait anxiety and disgust sensitivity, highlighting the unique mechanisms underlying fear responses. In addition, participants who used adaptive emotion regulation strategies showed better performance in overcoming the interference of threat stimuli on attention.DiscussionThese findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences and emotion regulation strategies in fear research and provide insight into the complex interplay between threat perception and attentional processes.
Bibliometric analysis of nurses’ moral distress research
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Xiao , Wang Fengxia , Zhang Yi , Huang Jianxin , Wang Jihong , Zhou Xiaohuan 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo identify the research status of nurses’ moral distress and predict emerging research hotspots and development trends.MethodsArticles on nurses’ moral distress were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database from the inception of the database to 2024. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software to analyze publication distributions by country, institution, journal, author contributions, keyword trends, and reference co-citations.ResultsOur study analyzed 1,781 documents, revealing a notable increase in publications after 2017, with contributions from 88 countries and 2,301 institutions worldwide. The United States and China were prominent contributors, highlighting global interest in this area. Analyses of keywords and cited references reveal emerging research topics such as “COVID-19”, “burnout”, and “moral resilience”.ConclusionThis bibliometric review sheds light on the growing academic interest in nurses’ moral distress, emphasizing key themes and outlining future research directions. By charting the development of this domain, our study provides critical insights, guiding the investigation of complex ethical issues in nursing and enhancing understanding of nurses’ moral distress.
Anger’s moderating influence on the relationship between victimization and perpetration of domestic violence and abuse in patients suffering from severe mental illness. Insights from a cross sectional study using moderated mediation analysis
Authors: Ruijne Roos Eva , Zarchev Milan , Henrichs Jens , Garofalo Carlo , Bogaerts Stefan , Mulder Cornelis Lambert , Kamperman Astrid 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDomestic violence and abuse (DVA) are prevalent among persons with severe mental illness (SMI), being involved as victim, perpetrator, or both.AimsTo assess rates of DVA victimization and perpetration in patients with SMI. We also aimed to assess whether DVA victimization was associated with DVA perpetration, and whether this was mediated by dispositional anger in patients with SMI. Lastly, we aimed to examine whether gender moderated the associations between DVA victimization and perpetration.MethodsWe conducted a nation-wide survey on victimization in patients with SMI. In 942 patients DVA perpetration of physical assault and victimization of physical assault, sexual coercion or psychological aggression over the past year were assessed using the revised Conflict Tactics Scale. Anger was assessed using the dispositional anger reactions scale. Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted, followed by a moderated mediation to assess whether effects of anger differed between men and women.ResultsThe prevalence rate of perpetration of physical assault was 22%, for victimization 27% and 52% for both. We found a strong positive correlation between perpetrated physical assault and victimization of mild physical assault and between both the perpetration and victimization of severe physical assault. Anger mediated the link between being a victim of psychological aggression and being a perpetrator of DVA. Women were more likely to perpetrate violence if they were victims of mild physical assault compared to men. Other moderation effects by gender were not observed.Conclusion and implicationsThis study reveals persistent high DVA rates among patients with SMI. Overall, anger had no mediating effect on the association between victimization and perpetration of violence, except for psychological aggression and perpetration of DVA. This study emphasizes the importance of routine violence discussions in SMI care while taking context into account. However, further research on underlying mechanisms and interventions to improve discussions and care for victims and/or perpetrators of DVA is necessary.
Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic: identifying hesitant groups and exploring reasons for vaccination hesitancy, from adolescence to late adulthood
Authors: Pauly Laure , Residori Caroline , Bulut Hamid , Bulaev Dmitry , Ghosh Soumyabrata , O’Sullivan Marc P. , Fritz Joëlle V. , Vaillant Michel , Rommes Basile , Samuel Robin , Satagopam Venkata P. , Krüger Rejko , Leist Anja K. ,   on behalf of the CON-VINCE Consortium,   the ORCHESTRA Working Group
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease-2019) pandemic highlighted the importance of assessing the rationales behind vaccine hesitancy for the containment of pandemics. In this nationwide study, representative of the Luxembourgish population, we identified hesitant groups from adolescence to late adulthood and explored motivations both for and against vaccination.MethodsWe combined data collected via online surveys for the CON-VINCE (COvid-19 National survey for assessing VIral spread by Non-affected CarriErs) study, 1865 respondents aged 18–84, and for the YAC (Young people And Covid-19) study, 3740 respondents aged 12–29. Data from both studies were harmonized and weighted to ensure a sample representative of Luxembourg’s resident population. The surveys included information on demographic and socio-economic factors as well as vaccination hesitancy.ResultsAt the time of the survey, 67.0% of respondents had been vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome COronaVirus-2), while 33.0% of the respondents had not yet been vaccinated. Of those not yet vaccinated, 41.8% of respondents were vaccine hesitant. The most important concerns against vaccination were that the vaccine had not been tested sufficiently (59.4%) and the fear of side effects (52.4%). The most frequent reasons for vaccination were to help society overcome the pandemic (74.8%), and to protect oneself from the consequences of infection with the virus (69.3%). The proportion of unvaccinated respondents unwilling or undecided to get vaccinated was higher in the younger age groups compared to the higher age groups.ConclusionOur findings contribute to improving public health policy communications, not only for future pandemics but also for routine vaccination campaigns. This will help reach those who are unwilling (26.7%) or undecided (15.1%) about vaccination and reinforce strategies that have successfully increased vaccination willingness.