bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated and Intelligent Database Systems for Plant Engineering Framework
Authors: Narikawa N. , Sato T. , Sasaki N. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper gives an overview of an integrated and intelligent database system for a plant engineering framework. We have integrated existing two-dimensional (2D) CAD systems, a three-dimensional (3D) CAD system, and a relational database system which stores engineering information such as design conditions, maintenance histories, and inherent properties. By integrating these systems, the infrastructure for concurrent engineering has been realized. As for design knowledge, we treat object-oriented programming as a useful knowledge representation method. We analyze the plant structure and functional requirements of the system, and then represented them by using the hierarchical Class structure. Design knowledge accompanies the Class, so we represent it using Method. As a design automation system, we develop an automated design check system. This is implemented by using the Common Lisp Object System. These systems are the main parts of the plant engineering framework, and are utilized in the practical design. We intend to develop a mechanical/electronic design framework using the same approach.
STEP-Based CAD/CAPP/CAM Integrated Systems: CADMIS
Authors: Huang Jinguo , Wang Tongyang , Wan Li , Zhang Xinfang , Zhou Ji 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces the architecture of the STEP-based mechanical manufacturing integrated system CADMIS, and discusses STEP implementation methodologies. The system framework is based on an architecture that promotes better integrity and extendibility. It supports the integration of current existing systems and supports the entire procedure of the design and manufacturing of parts. This paper presents the development and trends of the CADMIS system integration.
Better visual outcome associated with early vitrectomy in the management of endophthalmitis
Authors: Welch Sarah , Bhikoo Riyaz , Wang Nancy , Siemerink Martin J , Shew William , Polkinghorne Philip J , Niederer Rachael L 
Published: March 2021

AimsTo examine the role of early vitrectomy in the management of endophthalmitis from all causes.MethodsRetrospective study of 290 consecutive subjects diagnosed with endophthalmitis at Auckland District Health Board between 1 January 2006 and 31 July 2019. Main outcome measure was visual acuity at 9-month follow-up and proportion of subjects with severe vision loss (≤20/200).ResultsMedian age at presentation was 70.4 years and 151 subjects (52.1%) were women. Cataract surgery was the most common cause of endophthalmitis in 92 subjects (31.7%) followed by intravitreal injection in 57 (19.7%), endogenous endophthalmitis in 48 subjects (16.6%), non-surgical trauma in 42 subjects (14.5%), glaucoma surgery in 24 subjects (8.3%), vitrectomy in 22 subjects (7.6%) and corneal in 5 subjects (1.7%). Culture was positive in 136 (46.9%) with gram-positive organisms most common (76.5%). Early vitrectomy was performed in 82 subjects (28.3%). Median visual acuity at 9 months was 20/100 (IQR 20/30 to light perception), and severe vision loss occurred in 100 (43.5%). Retinal detachment occurred in 35 eyes (12.1%) and 26 eyes were enucleated. On multivariate analysis, younger age, poor presenting visual acuity and culture-positive endophthalmitis were associated with worse outcomes, and early vitrectomy was associated with better outcomes.ConclusionsEarly vitrectomy (within 24 hours) is associated with better visual outcomes at 9 months, while younger age, poor presenting visual acuity and culture-positive endophthalmitis are associated with poorer visual acuity outcomes.
Extension study of the safety and efficacy of CLS-TA for treatment of macular oedema associated with non-infectious uveitis (MAGNOLIA)
Authors: Khurana Rahul N , Merrill Pauline , Yeh Steven , Suhler Eric , Barakat Mark R , Uchiyama Eduardo , Henry Christopher Ryan , Shah Milan , Wang Robert C , Kapik Barry , Ciulla Thomas 
Published: March 2021

PurposeTo assess the extended efficacy and safety of suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension (CLS-TA) among patients with macular oedema (ME) secondary to non-infectious uveitis (NIU).MethodsPatients with uveitic ME were treated with suprachoroidal CLS-TA at baseline and week 12 of the Efficacy and Safety of Suprachoroidal CLS-TA for Macular Edema Secondary to Noninfectious Uveitis: Phase 3 Randomized Trial (PEACHTREE) study. Time to rescue was evaluated over 24 additional weeks for MAGNOLIA. Safety data, visual acuity and retinal central subfield thickness (CST) reduction were also evaluated. Of the 53 eligible patients (46 CLS-TA and 7 control), 33 patients were enrolled (28 CLS-TA and 5 control).ResultsOver the entire 48-week period for PEACHTREE and MAGNOLIA, the median time to rescue therapy was 257 days versus 55.5 days for the CLS-TA and sham-control arms, respectively. Of 28 CLS-TA treated patients who participated in MAGNOLIA, 14 (50%) did not require rescue therapy through approximately 9 months after the second treatment. Among CLS-TA patients not requiring rescue, there was a mean gain of 12.1 letters and mean CST reduction of 174.5 µm at week 48. No serious adverse events related to study treatment were observed.ConclusionApproximately 50% of patients did not require additional treatment for up to 9 months following the last CLS-TA administration.
Epidemiological characteristics and clinical course of eyelid squamous cell carcinoma patients from a large tertiary centre between 2009 and 2020
Authors: Klingenstein Annemarie , Samel Christina , Messmer Elisabeth M , Garip-Kuebler Aylin , Priglinger Siegfried G , Hintschich Christoph R 
Published: March 2021

Background/aimsTo assess epidemiological tumour features, risk factors, clinical management and outcome of eyelid squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and changes thereof. Furthermore, we searched for validating predictors of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8 classification system.MethodsWe evaluated data of 117 patients with histologically proven eyelid SCC at a large tertiary German university centre between January 2009 and March 2020. This retrospective, monocentric analysis included descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests (p<0.05).ResultsHistologically controlled excision and follow-up was performed in 88 (75.2%) patients. In the remaining patients with higher T-category, individual adjuvant therapy combinations were initiated. We found higher numbers of nodal metastasis and recurrence for male patients and higher T-category (p=0.035, p=0.008 and p=0.001, p<0.001). Recurrence rates proved higher for patients with multiple lesions (p=0.008). Disease-specific survival (DSS) was 95.7% at 2 and 94.9% at 5 years of follow-up. Six patients (5.1%) died from eyelid SCC with nodal metastasis and higher T-category being negative prognostic factors (p<0.001 and p=0.009). Mortality was associated with tumour location in the medial upper eyelid, nodal metastasis being more frequent (p=0.001 and p=0.009) and tumour of the lower eyelid alone as positive predictor (p=0.012). T category differed in 34 (29.1%) patients when comparing AJCC 7 and 8 (p<0.001). Changes in T category as per the AJCC 8 classification resulted in better prediction of DSS (p=0.024).ConclusionSpecial attention should be paid to male patients, tumour location in the upper medial eyelid and lymph node diagnostics. Prediction of DSS proved superior as per the AJCC 8 staging system.
Eye health indicators for universal health coverage: results of a global expert prioritisation process
Authors: McCormick Ian , Mactaggart Islay , Resnikoff Serge , Muirhead Debbie , Murthy GV , Silva Juan Carlos , Bastawrous Andrew , Stern Jude , Blanchet Karl , Wang Ningli , Yusufu Mayinuer , Cooper Andrew , Gichangi Michael ,   Eye Health Indicators Prioritisation Project Group, Burton Matthew J , Ramke Jacqueline 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionIn its recentWorld Report on Vision, the WHO called for an updated approach to monitor eye health as part of universal health coverage (UHC). This project sought to develop a consensus among eye health experts from all world regions to produce a menu of indicators for countries to monitor eye health within UHC.MethodsWe reviewed the literature to create a long-list of indicators aligned to the conceptual framework for monitoring outlined in WHO’sWorld Report on Vision. We recruited a panel of 72 global eye health experts (40% women) to participate in a two-round, online prioritisation exercise. Two-hundred indicators were presented in Round 1 and participants prioritised each on a 4-point Likert scale. The highest-ranked 95 were presented in Round 2 and were (1) scored against four criteria (feasible, actionable, reliable and internationally comparable) and (2) ranked according to their suitability as a ‘core’ indicator for collection by all countries. The top 30 indicators ranked by these two parameters were then used as the basis for the steering group to develop a final menu.ResultsThe menu consists of 22 indicators, including 7 core indicators, that represent important concepts in eye health for 2020 and beyond, and are considered feasible, actionable, reliable and internationally comparable.ConclusionWe believe this list can inform the development of new national eye health monitoring frameworks, monitor progress on key challenges to eye health and be considered in broader UHC monitoring indices at national and international levels.
Past-season, pre-season and in-season risk assessment of groin problems in male football players: a prospective full-season study
Authors: Esteve Ernest , Casals Marti , Saez Marc , Rathleff Michael Skovdal , Clausen Mikkel Bek , Vicens-Bordas Jordi , Hölmich Per , Pizzari Tania , Thorborg Kristian 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveWe assessed past-season, pre-season and in-season risk factors to investigate their association with an in-season groin problem in male amateur football players.MethodsPast-season groin-pain information and pre-season short-lever and long-lever adductor squeeze strength were obtained at baseline, together with anthropometrics (weight, lower limb lever length) and player age. In-season hip-related and groin-related sporting function was monitored every 4 weeks using the Sports and Recreation (Sport) subscale from the Hip And Groin Outcome Score questionnaire (HAGOS (Sport)). Groin problems, including time-loss groin injuries and groin pain irrespective of time loss, were collected over a 39-week competitive in-season. We estimated relative risk (RR), and 95% credibility interval (ICr) from logistic regressions fitted in a Bayesian framework.ResultsPlayers (n=245) suffering from groin pain during the past-season had 2.4 times higher risk of experiencing a groin problem in the new season (2.40 RR; 95% ICr 1.5 to 3.7). This risk was reduced by 35% (0.65 RR; 95% ICr 0.42 to 0.99) per unit (N·m/kg) increase in the long-lever adductor squeeze test. Player age, short-lever squeeze test and the HAGOS (Sport) scores were not associated with the risk of a groin problem.ConclusionsPast-season groin pain increased the risk of a groin problem in the new in-season. This risk was reduced by higher pre-season long-lever adductor squeeze strength. Past-season groin-pain information and long-lever adductor squeeze strength can be quickly obtained during pre-season to identify players with an elevated risk of in-season groin problems. This may be key to reduce these problems in the new season.
Anterior cruciate ligament injury: towards a gendered environmental approach
Authors: Parsons Joanne L , Coen Stephanie E , Bekker Sheree 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rate for girls/women has not changed in over 20 years, and they remain 3–6 times more likely to experience injury compared with boys/men. To date, ACL injury prevention and management has been approached from a sex-based biological point of view which has furthered our understanding of injury risk factors, mechanisms, and prevention and rehabilitation programmes. However, the traditional sex-based approach does not take into account the growing recognition of how sex and gender (a social construct) are ‘entangled’ and influence each other.ObjectiveThis paper discusses the curious absence of gender as an influencer in the dialogue surrounding ACL injuries. We propose adding gender as a pervasive developmental environment as a new theoretical overlay to an established injury model to illustrate how gender can operate as an extrinsic determinant from the presport, training and competition environments through to ACL injury and the treatment environment.ApproachWe draw on social epidemiological theories of the embodiment of gender and health to provide plausible examples of how gender may influence ACL injury, and demonstrate the opportunity for new, interdisciplinary research in the field.ConclusionOver 20 years of research has failed to decrease the ACL injury rate disparity between girls/women and boys/men. Embedding gender in the study of ACL injury will heighten awareness of possible influences outside the traditional biological elements, challenge us to think about the inextricable ‘entanglement’ of sex and gender, and inform more effective approaches to ACL injury prevention and treatment.
Reducing COVID-19 risk in schools: a qualitative examination of secondary school staff and family views and concerns in the South West of England
Authors: Lorenc Ava , Kesten Joanna May , Kidger Judi , Langford Rebecca , Horwood Jeremy 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate student, parent/carer and secondary school staff attitudes towards school COVID-19 mitigation measures.MethodsRecruitment used school communication, community organisations and snowball sampling in South West England. Audio recorded online or phone individual/group semi-structured interviews were conducted in July–Septtember 2020 and lasted 30–60 min. Interviews focused on views towards social distancing, hand hygiene and testing. Framework analysis was performed on interview notes/transcripts.ResultsParticipants were 15 staff, 20 parents and 17 students (11–16 years) from 14 diverse schools. Concerns about COVID-19 risk at school, especially to vulnerable individuals, were outweighed by perceived risks of missed learning. Some staff felt guilt around being a potential ‘spreader’ by teaching multiple classes. Findings highlighted a wide variety of school COVID-19 mitigation measures being deployed due to ambiguous government guidance. Participants generally saw mitigation measures as an acceptable and pragmatic solution to the perceived impossibility of social distancing in crowded schools, although anticipated challenges changing habitual behaviour. Participants supported school COVID-19 testing but identified the need to consider data security and stigma around COVID-19 diagnosis. Staff were concerned about unintended consequences of risk-reduction strategies on student behaviour, learning and pastoral care, particularly for those with Special Educational Needs or mental health issues who may find the measures especially challenging, and resultant widening inequalities.ConclusionFamilies and staff supported COVID-19 mitigation measures in schools and would welcome the roll out school COVID-19 testing. Clear messaging and engendering collective responsibility are important for compliance and success of COVID-19 mitigation measures. However, schools and policy-makers should consider unintended consequences of measures, providing extra support for vulnerable students and those with additional needs, and consider ways to avoid widening educational and health inequalities. Findings demonstrate the acceptability of school COVID-19 infection control measures is likely to be influenced by the balance of risks and benefits to students.
CXCR4/ACKR3/CXCL12 axis in the lymphatic metastasis of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Rusetska Natalia , Kowalski Kamil , Zalewski Kamil , Zięba Sebastian , Bidziński Mariusz , Goryca Krzysztof , Kotowicz Beata , Fuksiewicz Malgorzata , Kopczynski Janusz , Bakuła-Zalewska Elwira , Kowalik Artur , Kowalewska Magdalena 
Published: March 2021

AimsVulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) spreads early and mainly locallyviadirect expansion into adjacent structures, followed by lymphatic metastasis to the regional lymph nodes (LNs). In the lymphatic metastasis, cancer cells bearing CXCR4 and ACKR3 (CXCR7) receptors are recruited to the LNs that produce the CXCL12 ligand. Our study aimed to assess the role of the CXCR4/ACKR3/CXCL12 axis in VSCC progression.MethodsTumour and LN tissue samples were obtained from 46 patients with VSCC and 51 patients with premalignant vulvar lesions. We assessed CXCR4, ACKR3 and CXCL12 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the tissue samples. Additionally, CXCL12 levels were determined by ELISA in the sera of 23 patients with premalignant lesions, 37 with VSCC and 16 healthy volunteers.ResultsCXCR4 and ACKR3 proteins were virtually absent in vulvar precancers, while in VSCC samples the IHC staining was strong. In the LNs of patients with VSCC, 98% of metastatic cells expressed CXCR4 and 85% expressed ACKR3. Neither CXCR4 nor ACKR3 presence was correlated with tumour human papilloma virus status. Few CXCL12-positive cells were found in the analysed tissue samples, but serum CXCL12 levels were significantly increased in both patients with premalignant vulvar lesions and with VSCC compared with healthy volunteers.ConclusionsIt appears that during progression and lymphatic spread of VSCC, the CXCR4/ACKR3/CXCL12 axis is activated. Moreover, our data suggest that CXCR4 antagonists merit further attention as a possible therapeutic option in patients with VSCC.
Performance at medical school selection correlates with success in Part A of the intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) examination
Authors: Ellis Ricky , Brennan Peter , Scrimgeour Duncan S G , Lee Amanda J , Cleland Jennifer 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMedical schools in the UK typically use prior academic attainment and an admissions test (University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT), Biomedical Admissions Test (BMAT) or the Graduate Medical School Admissions Test (GAMSAT)) to help select applicants for interview. To justify their use, more information is needed about the predictive validity of these tests. Thus, we investigated the relationship between performance in admissions tests and the Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) examination.The UKMED database (https://www.ukmed.ac.uk) was used to access medical school selection data for all UK graduates who attempted MRCS Part A (n=11 570) and Part B (n=5690) between 2007 and 2019. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models identified independent predictors of MRCS success. Pearson correlation coefficients examined the linear relationship between test scores and MRCS performance.Successful MRCS Part A candidates scored higher in A-Levels, UCAT, BMAT and GAMSAT (p&lt;0.05). No significant differences were observed for MRCS Part B. All admissions tests were found to independently predict MRCS Part A performance after adjusting for prior academic attainment (A-Level performance) (p&lt;0.05). Admission test scores demonstrated statistically significant correlations with MRCS Part A performance (p&lt;0.001).The utility of admissions tests is clear with respect to helping medical schools select from large numbers of applicants for a limited number of places. Additionally, these tests appear to offer incremental value above A-Level performance alone. We expect this data to guide medical schools' use of admissions test scores in their selection process.
Морфологічні особливості грануляційної тканини лапаротомної рани при внутрішньочеревній гіпертензії в експерименті
Authors: Morar I. K. 
Published: March 2021

Мета роботи: в експерименті на дрібних лабораторних тваринах дослідити вплив внутрішньочеревної гіпертензії на морфологічні особливості грануляційної тканини лапаротомної рани.
Матеріали і методи. Експеримент виконано на 102 лабораторних щурах, яким виконано серединну лапаротомію та зведено краї рани простими вузловими швами. Основну групу склали 72 тварини, яким створювали внутрішньочеревну гіпертензію. Групу порівняння склали 48 тварини без внутрішньочеревної гіпертензії. Забір біологічного матеріалу проводили на 1-у, 3-ю та 5-у доби після створення внутрішньочеревної гіпертензії.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Створена внутрішньочеревна гіпертензія призводить до нерівномірного повнокров’я як м’язово-апоневротичного шару, так і грануляційної тканини, збільшення об’єму останньої, а також до переважання відсотка лімфоїдних клітин над фібробластами, що свідчить про затримку репаративних процесів у ділянці рубця. Особливістю венозного повнокров’я за створеної внутрішньочеревної гіпертензії є сладж еритроцитів у венулах та “порожні” артеріоли. Ступінь вираження патогістологічних змін, спричинених внутрішньочеревною гіпертензією, залежить від рівня внутрішньочеревного тиску та тривалості його дії.
Індивідуалізована хірургічна тактика при синдромі діабетичної стопи
Authors: Polyovyy V. P. , Khorshani Bilel , Rotar O. V. , Plehutsa O. M. , Volianiuk P. M. , Khomko О. Y. , Kyfyak P. V. , Plehutsa І. М. , Sydorchuk R. I. 
Published: March 2021

Мета роботи: розробити індивідуалізований алгоритм хірургічного лікування хворих на синдром діабетичної стопи (СДС).
Матеріали і методи. Комплексне клінічне дослідження охоплює 123 випадки хірургічного лікування СДС (хворі різних ступенів за класифікацією PEDIS, І-V стадій за F. Wagner, з легкою, помірною, тяжкою інфекцією за IDSA). Розробку алгоритму хірургічної активності при СДС здійснювали згідно з рекомендаціями Institute for Algorithmic Medicine (Гʼюстон, США), з використанням програмного (HTML/XML/GMT) пакету Document Exploration and Linking Tool / Addons (DELTA), розробленого Vienna University of Technology, Institute of Software Technology and Interactive Systems, Information Engineering Group, Vienna, Austria.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Ангіографічний або технічний успіх ендоваскулярних втручань, що призводить до істотного збільшення просвіту судини в зоні стенозу або оклюзії, ми отримали в 94,3 % спостережень. Технічний успіх балонної ангіопластики спостерігали практично в усіх випадках, дещо гірші ангіографічні результати отримано при втручаннях на декількох артеріях гомілки – 55,0–94,1 % успішних ангіопластик. При ішемічній та змішаній нейроішемічній формах у більшості хворих вдавалося компенсувати критичну ішемію виконанням судинних втручань. Запропонований алгоритм хірургічних втручань при СДС потребує подальшого вивчення за умов більшої рандомізації та розширення когорти пацієнтів.