bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bipartite Techno-Policy Model for River Based Water Resource Management for Sustainable Future with Special Reference To Haora River in Tripura, India
Authors: Prasad Nami , Barman Prabir , GHOSH Jayanta , Roy Prantik 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Surface water serves most of the water requirements to sustain lives on earth. Of all fresh water on earth, only 1.2% is making up of surface water and the rest is confined in ice and ground. As the rivers provide for the significant sources of surface water, there is a need for river-based water resource management to meet global water quality challenge. Haora River that originated in the India’s north-eastern state of Tripura and meets ultimately with the Titas River in the Bangladesh carries a significant impact on life in and around the river both on the Indian side and Bangladesh side. Thus, study emphasizes the test of water quality of the river and corresponding impact therefor based on a detail explanation of the monitoring data obtained through published sources, laboratory analysis of samples and relevant field observations. ANOVA revealed year wise significant variations in physicochemical and biological properties of the river water tested except for pH. Abnormalities were mostly observed in the values of T, DO, BOD, PO4-P and FC. Water Quality Index (WQI) revealed water quality status of the river fall under the category of very poor to unfit, and require proper treatment before the water is being used for drinking and other domestic purposes. Adversities in the water are also found to be affecting the aquatic life and overall river ecosystem. Cause and effect analogy of these abnormalities were established for taking corrective measures. Existing statutory law to prevent and control such anomalies have been found lacking enforcement in the state of Tripura. The broad-based state level water policy to protect and improve water resources has also been found lacking in the state. The study recommends policy level interventions at the earliest considering the specific measures suggested in this study.
PON1 Deficiency Promotes TREM2 Pathway-Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Inhibits Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Release in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Zhang Li , Dong Wei , Ma Yuanwu , Bai Lin , Zhang Xu , Sun Caixian , Li Jingwen , zhang lianfeng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) plays an anti-inflammatory role in the cardiovascular system. Levels of serum PON1 and polymorphisms in this gene were linked to Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD), but its function in the neuroimmune system and AD are not clear. To address this issue, we used PON1 knockout rats previously generated by our lab to investigate the role of PON1 in microglia. Knockout of PON1 in rat brain tissues protected against LPS-induced microglia activation. PON1 deficiency in rat primary microglia increased TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells 2) expression, phagocytosis and IL-10 (M2-phenotype marker) release, but decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18 especially TNF-α (M1-phenotype markers) induced by LPS. PON1 deficiency in rat primary microglia activated TREM2 pathway but decreased LPS-induced ERK activation. The phagocytosis promoting effect of PON1 knockout could be reversed by administration of recombinant PON1 protein. The interaction between PON1 and TREM2 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) using rat brain tissues or over-expressed BV2 cell lysates, which might be involved in lysosomal degradation of TREM2. Furthermore, PON1 knockout may also enhance microglial phagocytosis and clearance of exogenous Aβ by an intrahippocampal injection and decrease the transcription of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in vivo. These results suggest an inhibitory role of PON1 in microglial phagocytosis dependent on its interaction with TREM2. These findings provide novel insights into the role of PON1 in neuroinflammation and highlight TREM2 as a potential target for Alzheimer’s disease therapy.
Gestational and Neonatal Outcomes of a New Three-Step Procedure for Emergency Cerclage
Authors: Castellano Manuel Gómez , Morente Lorena Sabonet , Mesa Ernesto González , Lopez Jesús S Jiménez 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The objective of our study was to evaluate a new technique for emergency cerclage performed in a cohort of patients with cervical incompetence in the second trimester of pregnancy. Design: Prospective observational study in Regional university hospital. Population: Twenty-four pregnant women at 15 to 24 weeks gestation with cervical dilatation and bursa prolapseMethods: Depending on the clinical condition of the patient, a new emergency cerclage was performed with a technical consisting of a first cerclage in a purse-string and a second occlusive cerclage located inferiorly to the first one. The technique ended with the performance of a cervical cleisis, depending on the presence or absence of prolapse of the vaginal bag. This procedure is called the Three-Step Procedure for Emergency Cerclage (TSEC). Outcome measure: The latency period to deliveryResults: Latency from procedure to delivery, pregnancy duration, infant birth weight, rate of premature amniorrhexis. The mean latency from procedure to delivery was 14 weeks + 6 days, the mean weight of the newborns was 2550 g, and the mean age at delivery was 35 weeks. The neonatal survival rate was 95.8%. The rate of premature amniorrhexis <34 weeks was 8.3% (two cases) with successful perinatal outcomes. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups when we sub-divided the cohort in terms of history of conization, preterm delivery, and bursal prolapse. The multivariate regression model showed that best predictor variables for latency to delivery were cervical dilatation at diagnosis, the use of the three step cerclage, cervical length after the procedure, and gestational age at diagnosis.Conclusion: The excellent results obtained with the TSEC procedure in terms of the latency from procedure to delivery, gestational age at delivery, birth weight, and few reported complications, highlight the importance of collecting new data on this promising novel procedure.
High Performing Sentiment Analysis based on Fast Fourier Transform over Temporal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Value
Authors: Nandi Basanti Pal , Jain Amita , Tayal Devendra Kumar , Narang Poonam Ahuja 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sentiment analysis or opinion mining has an extensive area in the field of research. Today we consider the huge amount of structured and unstructured data available in the web for a particular subject to get an opinion. The surplus data handling termed as big data requires some new technology to deal with. This paper considers the requirement of sentiment analysis of such huge data for fast processing. Based on Fast Fourier Transform on Temporal Intuitionistic fuzzy set generated from text, this algorithm (FFT-TIFS) expedites the sentiment classification. Fourier analysis converts a signal from its time domain to its representation in frequency domain. Such frequency domain algorithm on Temporal Intuitionistic fuzzy set is used in Sentiment analysis for the first time. This algorithm is useful for short twitter text, document level as well as sentence level binary sentiment classification. It is tested on aclImdb, Polarity, MR, Sentiment140 and CR dataset which gives an average of 80% accuracy. The proposed method shows significant improvement in required time complexity where the method achieves 17 times faster processing in comparison to sequential Fuzzy C Means(FCM) method and again it is at least 7 times faster than distributed FCM method present in literature. The method presented in this paper has a novel approach towards fastest processing time and suitability of various sizes of the text sentiment analysis.
WITHDRAWN: Electrical and thermal analysis of Symmetric and Asymmetric metal contacts in Resistive Switching Devices
Authors: kaushik shikha , Pandey Sujata , Singhal Rahul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Resistive Random-Access Memory (ReRAM) is considered for next generation non-volatile memory applications. ReRAM has gained interest due to its simple structure, lower switching voltages, high packaging density, fast switching speeds, and feasible integration into CMOS processing. Transition-Metal-Oxides have shown to be compatible materials for RRAM applications. Among them, ZnO is one of the most promising materials owing to being fab-friendly and having a high dielectric constant of 10. ReRAM devices with ZnO as the active material are characterized and investigated in this work. Both symmetric and asymmetric metal contacts are used for designing the ReRAMs. The current-voltage and thermal characteristics of different devices are studied, and underlying mechanisms are analyzed. It was observed that the metal with low thermal conductivity, dissipates less heat and causes high temperature in the ON state. Also, a resistance ratio of the order of 1.3 x 105 is obtained, which shows the robustness of the device with an optimal memory window performance. Further, the devices are fabricated and compared with the simulated devices.
Purification of Native Histidine-Rich Protein 2 (nHRP2) from Plasmodium Falciparum Culture Supernatant, Infected Rbcs, and Parasite Lysate
Authors: Singh Balwan , McCaffery Jessica N. , Kong Amy , Ah Yong , Wilson Scott A. , Chatterjee Sayan , Tomar Deepak , Aidoo Michael , Udhayakumar Venkatachalam , Rogier Eric 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite the widespread use of histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2)-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), purified native HRP2 antigen is not standardly used in research applications or assessment of RDTs used in the field.Methods: This report describes the purification of native HRP2 (nHRP2) from the HB3 P. falciparum culture strain. As this culture strain lacks pfhrp3 from its genome, it is an excellent source of HRP2 protein only and does not produce the closely-related HRP3. The nHRP2 protein was isolated from culture supernatant, infected red blood cells (iRBCs), and whole parasite lysate using nickel-metal chelate chromatography. Biochemical characterization of nHRP2 from HB3 culture was conducted by SDS-PAGE and western blotting, and nHRP2 was assayed by RDT, ELISA, and bead-based immunoassay.Results: Purified nHRP2 was identified by SDS-PAGE and western blot as a ~60 kDa protein that bound anti-HRP-2 monoclonal antibodies. Mouse anti-HRP2 monoclonal antibody was found to produce high optical density readings between dilutions of 1:100 and 1:3,200 by ELISA with assay signal observed up to a 1:200,000 dilution. nHRP2 yield from HB3 culture by bead-based immunoassay revealed that both culture supernatant and iRBC lysate were practical sources of large quantities of this antigen, producing a total yield of 292.4 µg of nHRP2 from two pooled culture preparations. Assessment of nHRP2 recognition by RDTs revealed that Carestart Pf HRP2 and HRP2/pLDH RDTs detected purified nHRP2 when applied at concentrations between 20.6 to 2060 ng/mL, performing within a log-fold dilution of commercially-available recombinant HRP2. The band intensity observed for the nHRP2 dilutions was equivalent to that observed for P. falciparum culture strain dilutions of 3D7 and US06 F Nigeria XII between 12.5 and 1,000 parasites/µl.Conclusions: Purified nHRP2 could be a valuable reagent for laboratory applications as well as assessment of new and existing RDTs prior to their use in clinical settings. These results establish that it is possible to extract microgram quantities of the native HRP2 antigen from HB3 culture and that this purified protein is well recognized by existing monoclonal antibody lines and RDTs.
Insight into festival ushered pollutants in Indian metro cities: concerns, differences and similarities
Authors: Radhadevi Latha , Anand Vrinda , Korhale Nikhil , Kori Pramod , Bandaru Murthy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Multi-fold increase in particulate matter (PM) and trace gases in connection with celebrations associated with firework displays is a matter of concern all over the world. The current study, commenced as an assessment of pollutant escalation due to the key Indian festival event through observations online and cumulative sampling along with chemical speciation of particulates and trace gases over four SAFAR networked mega and metro cities of India viz. Delhi, Ahmedabad, Mumbai and Pune. It is seen that the amplitude and duration of the event is largely dependent on the attitude and culture of the inhabitants of each city; PM2.5 and PM10 in Delhi are observed to increase by 353% and 213% respectively. In Pune and Ahmedabad, enhancement in PM2.5 is half of that of Delhi while the effect in Mumbai is just 1/7th of Pune, where variation is atypical to other cities. The enhanced pollution levels may lead to chronic or acute health emergency if they persist for long hours under unfavourable weather conditions. Metal content (K, Mg, Na, Mn and Pb) in PM 2.5 has nearly doubled in all the cities; huge increase in pulmonary range particulates and the steep elevation in their heavy metal content is a matter of concern due to their toxicity and acute health effects. Trace gases, NOx and CO which are also a health worry indicate a continuing increase due to the festival episode that happened in a non-conducive weather.
Distribution of Leptospira Serogroups In Swine Herds In France, 2007 - 2017
Authors: Naudet Jeanne , Crespin Laurent , Cappelle Julien , Kodjo Angeli , Ayral Florence 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira and is responsible for significant economic losses in porcine livestock. Knowledge of Leptospira serogroups and their distributions is important for evaluating the relevance of leptospirosis management measures, including the use of the prophylactic vaccine recently made available in France.A retrospective study was conducted to determine the distribution of Leptospira serogroups. Pigs from across France presenting clinical signs suggestive of leptospirosis were tested by micro-agglutination test between 2007 and 2017. We used a weighted average to determine the serogroup distributions according to the MAT results, considering cross reactions.Results: A total of 19,395 pig sera, mostly from Brittany, were tested, and 22.7 % were found to be positive for at least one Leptospira serogroup. In analysing the 4346 seropositive results for which the putative infective serogroup could be defined, we found that two serogroups out of ten were much more frequent than the others: Australis (48.5 %) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (38.2 %). Other serogroups, including Autumnalis, Panama, Ballum, Tarassovi, Sejroe, Grippotyphosa, Bataviae, and Pomona, were less common. Conclusion: Although data from diagnostic laboratories are prone to selection bias, using such a large amount of data provides a relevant overview of Leptospira distribution in space and time. Extracting epidemiological information with a standardized approach could be used for surveillance and support prophylactic strategies. Along the last decade, provide protection against the serogroups Australis and Icterohaemorrhagiae could prevent most of the clinical porcine leptospirosis in France.
Establishment of Optimal Housekeeping Genes for Urinary Extracellular Vesicle Biomarker Development: A Step Towards Non-Invasive Diagnostics
Authors: Singh Anula Divyash , Koyyada Rajeswari , Samal Rasmita , Alvi Syed Baseeruddin , Patnam Sreekanth , Rengan Aravind Kumar , Mudigonda Soma Sekhar , Maitra Sanjay , Manda Sasidhar Venkata 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background. Urinary extracellular vesicles (UEVs) hold RNAs and can find their application in multiplex biomarker development. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the most commonly used method for gene expression studies. However, there are no reported optimal housekeeping genes available to normalize qPCR data for the UEVs RNA pool.Methods. UEVs were precipitated by Polyethylene glycol (P.E.G. Mn6000) from the urine of 40 human individuals and characterized for their molecular, biophysical, and biochemical purity and integrity. In addition, the expression of five commonly used housekeeping genes B2M, RPL13A, PPIA, HMBS, and GAPDH, were quantified by qPCR in the UEV RNA pool and analyzed through algorithms of NormFinder, geNorm, BestKeeper, and Delta Ct integrated into ReFinder.Results: 12% PEG precipitation yielded round and cup-shaped UEVs. The size and distribution profile of UEVs were around 30 – 100nm through electron microscopy, NTA, and DLS. Acetylcholine esterase and Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV activity were used to arrive at their functional purity. B2M and RPL13A genes were identified as stable genes with a mean stability score of 1.5(geNorm) and below 1 (NormFinder) through ReFinder, which yield comprehensive ranking analysisConclusions: B2M and RPL13A are optimal reference genes and can be used for UEVs based gene expression studies.
Diagenesis of Hydrocarbon-bearing Concretions in South-central Puerto-rico: Tectonism and Early hydrocarbon Generation
Authors: ding ting , González Luis A. , Guo Fu sheng , Xu Yang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Carbonate concretions within tuffaceous mudstones in the Upper Cretaceous Cariblanco Formation of south-central Puerto Rico that contain solid and liquid hydrocarbons were affected by: 1) Three distinct events of vein/fracture formation accompanied or followed by sediment infilling; 2) pyrite formation throughout the concretion matrix, in foraminiferal chambers, and sediment vein fills; 3) four events of larger vein and fracture formation infilled by distinct calcite cements that postdate sediment infilled veins; 4) a late quartz void filling cement; and 5) formation of calcite-filled veinlets that crosscut all components. Petrographic and isotopic data suggest early concretion formation and septarian vein fills, close to the sediment-water interface, prior to any significant dewatering of infilling sediments. The δ13C values of the matrix and sediment infills (-15 to -30‰ PDB), their brightly luminescent character, and the sequestering of Fe into pyrite indicate formation in a sulfate-reducing environment with influx of diffusing methane. Fluid inclusion data, isotopic composition of carbonate cements (13C enrichments from − 18 to -8‰ and 18O depletion from − 4 to -12‰), and organic matter maturation suggest maximum burial temperatures of 150 to 200°C. Calcite cements and microspars were formed by the circulation of progressively warmer fluids, with warming induced by the gradual emplacement of the nearby Los Panes intrusion. The intrusion probably caused intense normal faulting, induced extensive warm fluid circulation, and resulted in a high geothermal gradient responsible for early hydrocarbon generation.
A Theoretical Investigation on the Hydrodesulfurization Mechanism of Hydrogenated Thiophene Over Cu-mo Modified Fau Zeolite
Authors: Li Suyang , Sun Yingxin , Han Sheng , Li Qianggen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We have carried out a two-layer our own n-layered integrated molecular orbital and molecular mechanics (ONIOM) study on the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) mechanism of three hydrogenated thiophene derivatives over Cu-Mo modified FAU zeolite. The thiophene is hydrogenated relatively easily to 2,3-dihydrothiophene (2,3-DHT), 2,5-dihydrothiophene (2,5-DHT) and tetrahydrothiophene (THT) due to low free energy barriers. Hydrogenolysis desulfurization (HYD) and direct desulfurization (DDS) are discussed. Ring-opening, hydrogen transfer and C−S bond cleavage steps of thiophene derivatives are involved in the HYD process. The rate-determining steps are the hydrogen transfer step for 2,5-DHT and C−S bond cracking step for 2,3-DHT and THT. The concerted DDS pathway is probably more favorable than the HYD pathway in the desulfurization of 2,5-DHT. The hydrogenation of thiophene to 2,5-DHT, 2,3-DHT and THT and their HDS process are entropy-decreased; the formation of sulfur vacancy is entropy-increased. The difference charge density (DCD) analysis reveals that for the ring-opening process, the electrons are migrated from the organic chain to the Cu-Mo catalytic center. The reduced density gradient (RDG) plots indicate that both a steric hindrance and a weak van der Waals attractive interaction exist between organic fragment and catalytic center for all transition states (TSs). The localized orbital locator (LOL) maps for all TSs suggest that there are strong covalent interactions between the atoms in the forming chemical bonds and weak van der Waals interactions between the atoms in the breaking chemical bonds.
Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB on Osteoarthritis Rat Models
Authors: Cai Yu , Wang Zhengchao , Liao Bokai , Sun Zhenxing , Zhu Pengfei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: It has been proved that PDGF-BB could protect the chondrocytes via multiple mechanisms. The present study aims to further investigating the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB on osteoarthritis (OA).Methods: We established an osteoarthritis model in Sprague-Dawley rats through intraarticular injection of 3 mg/50 µL monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). The effects of PDGF-BB on MIA-induced OA were assessed by histopathological staining, real-time PCR, and western blotting. Chondrocytes were transfected with or without SOX-9 siRNA, induced by MIA and treated with PDGF-BB, and cell viability, proinflammatory cytokines, and specific markers were analyzed. For mechanistic analysis, the expression of p-SOX-9/SOX-9, p-RunX-2/RunX-2, and p-PKA/PKA and activation of the JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, and p38 pathways were analyzed.Results: PDGF-BB significantly inhibited the degeneration of cartilage in MIA-induced OA with reductions in proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, collagen Ⅹ, MMPs and ADATMS) and increases in collagen II, aggrecan, and integrin α5β1, and these effects could be reversed by a PDGFR-β antagonist. Consistently, the in vitro results showed similar effects. PDGF-BB treatment suppressed the activation of the JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, and p38 signaling pathways after MIA induction in both cartilage and chondrocytes. In addition, activation of PKA by PDGF-BB enhanced SOX-9 phosphorylation, which increased anabolic activity, and attenuated RunX-2 phosphorylation, which decreased catabolic activity. The PKA inhibitor and SOX-9 siRNA suppressed PDGF-BB-mediated chondroprotection.Conclusions: PDGF-BB could attenuate OA development by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 PI3K/AKT and p38 signaling pathways by inhibiting inflammation and enhancing cell proliferation via PKA-mediated regulation of SOX-9/RunX-2.