bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of activity and components of Sophora flavescens root and seed
Authors: Zhao Wen-Ying , Xiao Wei , Hao Hao-Qi , Zheng Ke , Zhang Dan-Dan , Jin Qing , Zhu Qing-Shu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Infectious diseases are amongst the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The Sophora flavescens root (traditional Chinese medicine “kushen”) is recognized as a strong anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory Chinese herb, and widely used for clinical application. However, the ever-increasing demand for natural antibacterial agent is fostering the insufficient supply of “kushen”. This study was conducted for the first time to explore the feasibility of Sophora flavescens seed used as a supplement of Sophora flavescens root to alleviate the shortage of “kushen” resources. To accomplish this, the seed and root of Sophora flavescens were extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction method. The antimicrobial activities of Sophora flavescens seed and root against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus tetragenus and Proteus species were compared by agar well diffusion method. And the phytochemical constituents from seed and root were analyzed by TLC, chromogenic reaction method, HPLC and GC/MS. The results revealed that different solvent fraction from Sophora flavescens root and seed exhibited different degrees of antibacterial activity. The chloroform fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and anhydrous ethanol fraction of Sophora flavescens root had obvious antibacterial activity. However, the best antibacterial activity of Sophora flavescens seed was achieved with the 80% ethanol extracts. Furthermore, the analysis of phytochemical compositions showed that the antibacterial-activity component profiles of Sophora flavescens seed were different from that of roots. This study clearly reveal that Sophora flavescens seed is unsuitable as a straight substitution of “kushen” due to the differences in their active component, but it has the potential to be used as a promising source of antibacterial agent, which could be utilized in clinical application and pharmaceutical industry, just as Sophora flavescens root.
Effect of spectrum on biological habit of Scopula subpunctaria Herrich-Schaeffer
Authors: Qiao Li , Chen Jun-Hua , Zhang Fang-Mei , Yin Jian , Guo Shi-Bao , Wang Guo-Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to screen out the best spectrum possible by study the effect of spectral treatment on biological habit of Scopula subpunctaria Herrich-Schaeffer, and provided a reference for the integrated management of S. subpunctaria. Total 6 groups (90) of adult S. subpunctaria, 9 groups (450) of eggs, 3 groups (300) of pupae, treated with continuous light treatment under room condition from 7:00 pm to 7:00 am every day at 370-375 nm or 420-425 nm, respectively, the control group (45 adult S. subpunctaria) without light treatment. The spawning amount and longevity of adults, the hatching rate of eggs and the eclosion rate of pupae in each group were recorded. The results showed that the total egg quantity and oviposition rate had been effected significantly under illumination treatments. The egg number in every female adult reduced 28.9 and 53.5% under 370~375 nm and 420~425 nm illumination, respectively, compared with the control group, and showed a significant difference level; while the average oviposition rate reduced 11.10 and 15.90% respectively. Meanwhile, the pre-oviposition period and oviposition period were affected by the two illumination treatments. There was no significant effect on the adult longevity of S. subpunctaria nor adult longevity in group feeding nor paired feeding conditions. The egg quantity in groups feeding was higher than that in pairs, and 420~425 nm was reached a significant level contrast to the control deal. The spectral treatments of 370~375 nm and 420~425 nm have effects on the biological parameters of S. subpunctaria, and the latter has significant effects. In conclusion, the light sources can be provided in the tea garden at night (from 7:00 pm to 7:00 am) before the emergence of the adult S. subpunctaria to interfere its population development.
Progress in comprehensive development and utilization of pecan resources
Authors: Wei Hailin , Chen Yuxin , Ouyang Qunwen , Liu Shifeng , Jiang Yao , Lv Fangde 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is one of the most important woody oil and dried fruit trees in the world. The kernels, peels, husks, inflorescences, leaves, etc. of pecans have many industrial values and are widely used in industrial fields such as chemicals, medicines, pesticides, additives, and vegetable proteins. This article reviews the current process and utilization status of pecans and their nutritional value, including the kernels, skins, shells, inflorescences, leaves, etc. of pecans with shells, and puts forward relevant suggestions for problems in development.
Research on regional environmental legal system to solve toxic and harmful pollution
Authors: Fa Li-Na 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With the development of economy and the promotion of industrial urban agglomeration, the toxic and harmful substance in Yangtze River Delta has become a difficult problem. Toxic and harmful substances not only include NO2, CO and SO2 in the air which affect people’s health, but also include ammonia nitrogen, petroleum, volatile phenol discharged from waste water caused rivers pollution. From the perspective of regional environmental legal reform, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to solve toxic and harmful substance pollution by using the principles of law and economics. It is suggested that distinctive and effective legal system measures that corresponding to the local environment should be taken by the regional environmental laws in our country and moreover, in the process of law making, law enforcement and law-abiding, we should pay attention to the important role of public participation. Finally, we actively absorb foreign classic and effective environmental legislation, making the regional environmental legislation norms more and more internationalized.
Reconstruction of the distribution rules of the burden of proof on the causality of environmental tort of toxic and hazardous substances
Authors: Zhang De-Jin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The forensic toxicology mainly focus on the determination of the biological damage relationship of external factors through scientific methods. The causation of environmental tort of toxic and harmful substances is on the polluters. However, some judicial practices deviate from the legislative logic. In this study, the contact causality and injury causality, as well as the classification of general causality and specific causality were analysed and discussed. In the result, in the case of scientific uncertainty, the burden of proof of general causality should be assigned to the polluter; in the case of scientific certainty, the burden of proof should be assigned to the injured party. In addition, the burden of proof of specific causality should also be assigned to polluters. This paper is expected to provide a reference for the related research.
Stability analysis of binary transposition algorithms during attacks on text data
Authors: Kryzhevich L S , Dovgal V M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Different approaches to using of transposition methods for data protection are examined in the article. The author has conducted comparative analysis of the approaches to increasing strength to protect the text from various attacks when its length and the data amount given per one symbol are raised. Basic criteria of evaluation of the offered methods are marked as well. The increase of the computational complexity in the described approaches is calculated.
Approaches to the application of homomorphic encryption in sensor networks
Authors: Babenko L K , Tolomanenko E A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the basic principles of the sensor network. The article characterizes the most common types of attacks on wireless sensor networks. The most commonly used protocols of sensor networks are presented. Special attention is paid to schemes of partially homomorphic encryption and fully homomorphic encryption schemes. An approach to the implementation of sensor network protection using the joint use of a fully homomorphic encryption algorithm and a symmetric block encryption algorithm is proposed.
Semi-structured information in the field of artificial intelligence and information security: processing results
Authors: Yusupova N.I. , Smetanina O.N. , Gayanova M.M. , Komendantova N.P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article is devoted to the semantic analysis of weakly structured information in the field of “Artificial intelligence and information security”. The methodology of this research included two stages and is based on the meta-analysis of existing studies. The received results allow development of further methodological recommendations on semi-structured information and artificial intelligence.
Artificial intelligence tools for analyzing emotionally colored information from customer reviews in the service sector
Authors: Yusupova N I , Bogdanova D R , Komendantova N P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
On the Internet, you can find millions of service reviews. This information can be useful to support decision-making for both potential customers and for managing a service business It is especially important to consider the emotional tone of such reviews, because emotions can attract or repel potential customers. The article discusses the actual task of the automatic processing of customer reviews and identifying emotionally colored information in it. In this paper we provide the definition of emotions and describe the results of the analysis of their classification. Further on, we identify six main emotions from the customer reviews. As our methodological basis we use a well-known approach for accounting emotionally colored information in customer reviews. This approach made it possible to set the task of automatic analysis of customer reviews, which we applied in this paper.
Artificial intelligence technologies to identify similar objects and formalization of inference rules
Authors: Yusupova N I , Smetanina O N , Yu Sazonova E , Agadullina A I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Analysis of data accumulated during the activities of the enterprise may be applied for creating novel business models and more efficient use of information resources. Specific requirements for analysis of data in socio-economic areas entail the need to develop or select the required tools and methods. This article considers identification of implicit knowledge on a complex of historical and operational data. The task statement and the methodology of solution are given. Data mining technologies are applied for identifying hidden common factors in data. Interpretation of the results, formalization of knowledge, formation of the knowledge base and use of the inference mechanism allow us to organize decision support. As an example, the task of personnel selection is considered. The choice of certain factors that are significant for each enterprise, which are the basis for the selection of personnel, will make it possible to spread the solution method for enterprises where strict requirements for information security are imposed. An analysis of decision-making support research in this area, is conducted with the use of artificial intelligence technology. Neural network technologies for data analysis are proposed to be used by the authors.
A Review of Smart Off-Grid Power Systems Optimization Models for the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Fedorenko V V , Samoylenko V V , Samoylenko I V , Dimitriadi Yu K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article discusses current issues of using alternative energy sources for electricity supply of consumers in the oil and gas industry. Examples of off-grid power systems used for the electrification of different facilities of oil and gas production are shown. This paper introduces a review of mathematical optimization models of modes in micro-energy systems with different distributed generation resources. Optimization methods based on mathematical programming in game theory are studied in details. It is concluded that the use of adaptive-game modelling is perspective in solving optimization problems.
A version of the voting protocol based on blockchain technology
Authors: Killer V N , Borshevnikov A E , Soldatov K S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper describes a generalized version of the voting protocol based on blockchain technology. The analysis of the proposed protocol is also carried out. The proposed protocol is based on such cryptographic primitives as digital signatures, asymmetric ciphers, and zero knowledge proof protocol. Safety analysis was carried out using the AVISPA software package. Anonymity was analyzed separately as part of this protocol by analyzing differential privacy.
Application of face recognition technologies in access control and management systems
Authors: Marenkov A N , Gelagaev T M , Yu Kuznetsova V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article shows the relevance of the widespread use of computer vision technology on the example of face recognition as part of the access control and management system. The scheme of access control implementation with face recognition technology is described. The use of this technology makes it possible to increase the level of information security of enterprises and, as a consequence, reduce the possible financial damage from the implementation of attacks on their assets from illegitimate penetration into the protected area through the access control system using passes of legal users.
Software tools communication process models for Modbus TCP/RTU for diagnostics using machine learning approaches
Authors: Sosnovskiy Yuri , Lapina Maria , Lapin Vitalii , Mecella Massimo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The work proposes a software solution to the problem of generating data sets that simulate information control processes in microprocessor control systems and automated process control system (APCS) at the lower and middle levels using the Modbus TCP/RTU protocol. Such datasets (dumps) with controlled characteristics, records of computer attacks and information and technical impact (ITI) of various types are advisable to use for training spacecraft recognition systems based on artificial intelligence and machine learning. Also, due to the possibility of introducing records of any types of attacks, it is possible to test intrusion detection systems, intelligent sensors of the spacecraft for their efficiency. The analysis of the existing software, the possibility of its combination to solve the problem is given. The structure of a data transmission system (DTS) fragment of a real VCE ACS and its representation as a set of device identifiers, addresses, registers and data types. The model of communication processes Modbus TCP/RTU was built, the results of modeling are presented. The features and limitations of the software used are discussed, as well as the prospects for improving the model.
Effect of Carbon Black on Epoxide Resin ED-20 Properties
Authors: Fedorov Y Y , Vasiliev S V , Savvina A V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article describes the effect of carbon black P505 on the bending strength of epoxy resin ED-20. Studies of the effect of the filler concentration of carbon black P505 on the bending characteristics of the epoxy resin composite ED-20 were carried out at temperatures of +23 and -60 °C. Three times decrease in flexural strength and four times in deformability has been observed. When test temperature drops to -60°C, indicators of strength and deformation at failure remain unchanged.
The Use of Crumb Rubber-Based Composite Materials in the Road Pavement
Authors: Korochkin A V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper describes examples of improving the asphalt mix properties with modifiers, the main component of which is recycled rubber. The experience of foreign countries in the construction and operation of roads coated with rubber-modified asphalt concrete is shown. The use of modified asphalt concrete in the Russian Federation and the reasons limiting the use of new technologies in road construction in our country have been analyzed. The issue of the possibility of building roads with the hard pavement, in which coatings of crumb rubber-based composite materials are used as a wearing course, is considered in detail. Conclusions are drawn about the need to arrange the collection of rubber wastes and the creation of enterprises to process them into the required raw materials and perform studies to evaluate the use of road coatings containing recycled rubber-based composite materials in road construction.
On the Issue of Forming Construction Machinery Sets When Performing Construction and Installation Work
Authors: Sinenko S , Poznakhirko T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A large scope of work, tight deadlines, and the need to use various construction equipment suppose its widespread use. This will allow improving construction efficiency. Machinery sets and complexes support various process flows. Machinery sets serve individual lines (simple workflows). Machinery complexes support specialized flows being complex processes (work) and object flows – work packages.
The performance of the leading machine in the complex (set) should ensure the fulfillment of the scope of work within the deadlines and with the pace specified. When choosing and integrating machines, the main process parameter is the performance of the leading machine or machinery complex. Also, when choosing machines, their design parameters should be considered. The study proposes tools to form the construction machinery sets. They are illustrated with specific examples.
Key Factors Influencing Formation of Modern Comfortable City Residential Environment
Authors: Generalov V , Generalova E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The problems of creating a comfortable living environment are considered on the example of the city of Samara in the areas with multi-storey residential buildings, the construction of which was completed 5-30 years ago. The article gives the assessment of opinions based on the analysis of residents’ survey results concerning the ideas of a “comfortable living environment”, “comfort of living” in a residential building, a courtyard and a district areas. It is concluded that the tasks of creating a comfortable living environment should be solved by professionals working in this field. At that the leading role should be given to architects and designers. There is no doubt that the assessment of the created environment belongs to the residents of buildings and urban areas in the mode of their permanent survey.
Stress-Strain State of Rockfill Dam Concrete Face Due to Temperature Impact During Reservoir Impoundment
Authors: Sainov M P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
During the reservoir initial impoundment, a rockfill dam concrete face maybe subject to intensive thermal effect. Thermal stresses may considerably change the concrete face stress-strain state (SSS) and induce crack formation in it. With the aid of numerical modeling the author studied the concrete face thermal stresses and deformations for three alternatives of temperature distribution along the face thickness. It was shown that the character of temperature distribution plays an important role in formation of the face thermo-stressed state. At uniform cooling (or heating) due to rockfill low stiffness the face can partially compensate temperature deformations and thermal stresses. Thermal stresses makeup only 15÷30% of the potential ones in constrained conditions. More dangerous is the case of non-uniform distribution of stresses: it causes the face bending deformations. Stresses from bending deformations actually are not compensated. Combination of linear and bending deformations causes high thermal stresses in the face, which may become the reason of crack formation in the face. To provide the face favorable thermo-stressed state without impact from bending deformation sit is necessary to execute the impoundment of the reservoir during a long period. At designing rockfill dams with concrete faces it is necessary to take into account the fact that the less is the face thickness the more is the value of thermal stresses caused by uniform cooling (heating). It is reasonable to revise the recommendations for assigning the face thickness.
Nanofiltration to Purify Drinking Water from Cyanobacteria and Microcystins in Water Supply Systems
Authors: Selezneva A V , Seleznev V A , Sayriddinov S Sh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The pollution of a surface water supply source (Kuibyshev reservoir) with cyanobacterial metabolites under the conditions of the increased biogenic load has been estimated. During the period of mass growth of Cyanobacteria, the reservoir water quality deteriorates in some indicators, including the smell, taste, and content of organic and toxic substances. Among the wide range of cyanotoxins, microcystin-LR, the permissible concentration of which in drinking water should not exceed 1 μg/dm3, poses the greatest threat to the population. Global warming creates favorable conditions for the rapid growth of Cyanobacteria, therefore, the issue of providing the population with high-quality drinking water will further become aggravated.
Conventional process lines at municipal water treatment plants are ineffective in removing intracellular and extracellular cyanotoxins. The best and safest barrier against the ingress of cyanotoxins into drinking water can be membrane technologies that allow ultrafiltration of bacterial cells without mechanical damage and nanofiltration of cyanotoxins dissolved in water.
Inclusiveness in Clothing Design
Authors: Zaytseva T A , Koroleva L A , Slesarchuk I A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the development of inclusive design in clothing, designed to ensure versatility, accessibility and compliance with modern fashion trends for different audiences. Based on the principles of an integrated approach to the design of inclusive clothing, the directions of implementation for the choice of design solutions have been developed. The result of the research was the development of new patentable functional and constructive solutions for models of inclusive women’s waistcoats, which make it possible to use various groups of consumers, for example, women with atrophy of the lower extremities and moving in a wheelchair.
The Concept of Restoring the Historical Development of the Pristan Area in Harbin
Authors: Lava D A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The work is devoted to the restoration of the historic environment of the city of Harbin. We are talking in this article about the preserved buildings in the Pristan area, which is the main commercial, the industrial and economic centre of the city. Central (Chinese) street belongs to the sights of the area. A large number of architectural monuments – buildings of Russian architects from 1898-1940 – concentrated on it. The historical building on the streets adjoining it has been preserved fragmentarily. The buildings are in a ruined state and require repair and restoration work. The concept of restoring a group of buildings located on one of the historic streets of Harbin – Yamskaya St., discussed in detail in this article. Space-planning and stylistic features of the objects identified in the work. The emphasis is on the need to restore the lost parts, drawings and photographs are given in the article.