bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological aspects of cardiopulmonary dysanapsis on exercise in adults born preterm
Authors: Duke Joseph W. , Lewandowski Adam J. , Abman Steven H. , Lovering Andrew T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProgressive improvements in perinatal care and respiratory management of preterm infants have resulted in increased survival of newborns of extremely low gestational age over the past few decades. However, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the chronic lung disease after preterm birth, has not changed. Studies of the long‐term follow‐up of adults born preterm have shown persistent abnormalities of respiratory, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary function, possibly leading to a lower exercise capacity. The underlying causes of these abnormalities are incompletely known, but we hypothesize that dysanapsis, i.e. discordant growth and development, in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is a central structural feature that leads to a lower exercise capacity in young adults born preterm than those born at term. We discuss how the hypothesized system dysanapsis underscores the observed respiratory, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary limitations. Specifically, adults born preterm have: (1) normal lung volumes but smaller airways, which causes expiratory airflow limitation and abnormal respiratory mechanics but without impacts on pulmonary gas exchange efficiency; (2) normal total cardiac size but smaller cardiac chambers; and (3) in some cases, evidence of pulmonary hypertension, particularly during exercise, suggesting a reduced pulmonary vascular capacity despite reduced cardiac output. We speculate that these underlying developmental abnormalities may accelerate the normal age‐associated decline in exercise capacity, via an accelerated decline in respiratory, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary function. Finally, we suggest areas of future research, especially the need for longitudinal and interventional studies from infancy into adulthood to better understand how preterm birth alters exercise capacity across the lifespan.
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An effect of extra compactified dimensions of space in the molecule $$\hbox {NO}_{{2}}$$
Authors: Weber Hans-Georg 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The theory of large extra compactified dimensions of space (ADD-model) predicts that gravity may become strong in a compactification space of the size of a molecule and may affect the vibrational motion of a molecule. In triatomic molecules like $$\hbox {NO}_{{2}}$$

NO
2

nuclear dynamics is strongly coupled to electronic dynamics at the intersection of electronic states (conical intersection). We discuss experimental results on $$\hbox {NO}_{{2}}$$

NO
2

which reveal that the collision-free molecule optically excited into a symmetric stretch vibration mode of an electronic state with conical intersection undergoes an irreversible non-radiative transition into an asymmetric stretch vibration mode in combination with a change of the electronic state. We suggest ascribing this irreversible non-radiative transition to a gravitational perturbation on the vibrational motion in $$\hbox {NO}_{{2}}$$

NO
2

. This gravitational perturbation deactivates the upper state of the optical transition. The width of the absorption line is given by the characteristic time of the gravitational perturbation and not by the radiative lifetime of the excited molecular state.

Graphical abstract
Birecognition of prime graphs, and minimal prime graphs
Authors: Belkhechine Houmem , Ben Salha Cherifa , Ille Pierre 
Published: December 2021

Given a graph [Formula: see text], a subset [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a module of [Formula: see text] if for each [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is adjacent to all the elements of [Formula: see text] or to none of them. For instance, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) are the trivial modules of [Formula: see text]. A graph [Formula: see text] is prime if [Formula: see text] and all its modules are trivial. Given a prime graph [Formula: see text], consider [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is prime. Given a graph [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text]-similar if for each [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are both prime or not. The graph [Formula: see text] is said to be [Formula: see text]-birecognizable if every graph, [Formula: see text]-similar to [Formula: see text], is prime. We study the graphs [Formula: see text] that are not [Formula: see text]-birecognizable, where [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is prime, by using the following notion of a minimal prime graph. Given a prime graph [Formula: see text], consider [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is prime. Given [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-minimal if for each [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is not prime.
Approaches for FPGA Design Assurance
Authors: Cahill Eli , Hutchings Brad , Goeders Jeffrey 
Published: December 2021

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are widely used for custom hardware implementations, including in many security-sensitive industries, such as defense, communications, transportation, medical, and more. Compiling source hardware descriptions to FPGA bitstreams requires the use of complex computer-aided design (CAD) tools. These tools are typically proprietary and closed-source, and it is not possible to easily determine that the produced bitstream is equivalent to the source design.
In this work, we present various FPGA design flows that leverage pre-synthesizing or pre-implementing parts of the design, combined with open-source synthesis tools, bitstream-to-netlist tools, and commercial equivalence-checking tools, to verify that a produced hardware design is equivalent to the designer’s source design.
We evaluate these different design flows on several benchmark circuits and demonstrate that they are effective at detecting malicious modifications made to the design during compilation. We compare our proposed design flows with baseline commercial design flows and measure the overheads to area and runtime.
САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ В СИСТЕМІ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВʼЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Литвинова О. Н. , Запорожан Л. П. , Юріїв К. Є. , Феш М. С. 
Published: December 2021

Мета: проаналізувати засади самоврядування в системі охорони здоровʼя для можливостей його імплементації в Україні.
Матеріали і методи. Використовуючи методи системного аналізу, показано стан функціонування самоврядних професійних організацій в охороні здоровʼя та можливості його запровадження в Україні.
Результати. Показано причини появи необхідності запровадження лікарського самоврядування в ряді європейських країн. Розглянуто позитивні та проблемні сторони лікарського самоврядування, шляхи його запровадження в Україні.
У більшості розвинених країн світу працюють самоврядні організації в системі медичної допомоги, і про те, що вони є гарантом високої якості медичної допомоги, говорять їх управлінські органи. Вони здійснюють це право і мають здатність реально регламентувати значну частину державних справ та управляти діяльністю в системі медичної допомоги, діючи в рамках закону, під свою відповідальність і в інтересах місцевого населення.
У лікарській практиці багатьох країн світу існує певна дилема: з одного боку, це клінічні протоколи, яким лікар у більшості випадків має слідувати, а з іншого – лікарське самоврядування, яке допускає свободу його дій.
В Україні запровадження в медицині принципів самоврядування полягало у створенні громадських організацій на кшталт Лікарського товариства, Асоціації лікарів тощо. Але слабкою їх стороною було те, що вони мали право лише дорадчого голосу.
Висновки. Виходячи із аналізу діяльності органів лікарського самоврядування та реалій української медичної спільноти, можемо зробити висновок про назрівання необхідності запровадження професійного медичного самоврядування в Україні. Імплементація медичного самоврядування в Україні потребує адекватної нормативної бази, узгодження положень про самоврядування з існуючою нормативною базою.
Role of Echocardiography for Assessment of Cardiac Remodeling in Congenitally Corrected Transposition of Great Arteries
Authors: Egbe Alexander C. , Miranda William R. , Connolly Heidi M. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
The purpose of this study was to assess the role of echocardiography for a comprehensive assessment of cardiac remodeling, and the relationship between indices of cardiac remodeling and cardiovascular events (defined as the composite end point of heart failure hospitalization, heart transplant, or cardiovascular death) in adults with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (cc-TGA).

Methods:
This is a retrospective study of adults with cc-TGA who underwent echocardiogram (2003–2020). Offline image analysis was performed in all patients. Chamber (atrial and ventricular) function and size were assessed by strain imaging and 2-dimensional echocardiography.

Results:
Of 233 patients with cc-TGA (40±15 years), 123 (55%) had at least one cardiac procedure before baseline echocardiogram. Of 233 patients, 76% and 61% had left atrial dysfunction and systemic right ventricular dysfunction, respectively; while 43% and 11% had right atrial dysfunction and left ventricular dysfunction, respectively. During a median follow-up of 8.9 years, 114 (49%) underwent additional cardiac procedures, and 66 (28%) had cardiovascular events. Left atrial reservoir strain, right ventricular global longitudinal strain, right atrial reservoir strain, left ventricular systolic pressure, and left ventricular global longitudinal strain were independently associated with cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:
In addition to the clinical importance of right ventricular systolic dysfunction in cc-TGA that is already well described, the current study demonstrated, for the first time, that biatrial dysfunction was common and was associated with clinical outcomes. Since there are currently no effective therapies for atrial and ventricular dysfunction in patients with cc-TGA, there is a need for research to identify novel strategies to prevent atrial and ventricular dysfunction in this population.
Mbembe’s Matrix and the Matri-Archive
Authors: Grillo Laura S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Achille Mbembe shows how the West’s denigrating projections on Africa as a chaotic void perpetrated a founding epistemic violence. The matrix of Black Reason, Blackness, and The Black worked systematically to justify colonialism and undermine African subjectivity. By maintaining its grip over the psyche, the postcolonial commandement effortlessly and indefinitely sustained subjugation. This is its ‘little secret’. Mbembe suggests that liberation may be possible by appealing to an archive from the ‘underside’ of African history to retrieve a self that is not constituted by toxic colonial projections. Drawing on my work An Intimate Rebuke: Female Genital Power in Ritual and Politics in West Africa, I argue that the traditional appeal by postmenopausal women to their ‘bottom power’ is just such a living matrix – a ‘matri-archive’. Performing this ritual in the context of public protest, the ‘Mothers’ deploy their own ‘little secret’ with the capacity to break the hold of the postcolony’s spell.
Coproducing Sea Ice Predictions with Stakeholders Using Simulation
Authors: Blair Berill , Müller Malte , Palerme Cyril , Blair Rayne , Crookall David , Knol-Kauffman Maaike , Lamers Machiel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Forecasts of sea ice evolution in the Arctic region for several months ahead can be of considerable socioeconomic value for a diverse range of marine sectors and for local community supply logistics. However, subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) forecasts represent a significant technical challenge, and translating user needs into scientifically manageable procedures and robust user confidence requires collaboration among a range of stakeholders. We developed and tested a novel, transdisciplinary coproduction approach that combined socioeconomic scenarios and participatory, research-driven simulation gaming to test a new S2S sea ice forecast system with experienced mariners in the cruise tourism sector. Our custom-developed computerized simulation game known as “ICEWISE” integrated sea ice parameters, forecast technology, and human factors as a participatory environment for stakeholder engagement. We explored the value of applications-relevant S2S sea ice prediction and linked uncertainty information. Results suggest that the usefulness of S2S services is currently most evident in schedule-dependent sectors but is expected to increase as a result of anticipated changes in the physical environment and continued growth in Arctic operations. Reliable communication of uncertainty information in sea ice forecasts must be demonstrated and trialed before users gain confidence in emerging services and technologies. Mariners’ own intuition, experience, and familiarity with forecast service provider reputation impact the extent to which sea ice information may reduce uncertainties and risks for Arctic mariners. Our insights into the performance of the combined foresight/simulation coproduction model in brokering knowledge across a range of domains demonstrates promise. We conclude with an overview of the potential contributions from S2S sea ice predictions and from experiential coproduction models to the development of decision-driven and science-informed climate services.
Post-Mastectomy Patients in an Urban Safety-Net Hospital: How Do Safety-Net Hospital Breast Reconstruction Rates Compare to National Breast Reconstruction Rates?
Authors: Llaneras Jason , Klapp Jamie M. , Boyd J. Brian , Granzow Joaquin , Moazzez Ashkan , Ozao-Choy Junko J. , Dauphine Christine , Goldberg Mytien T. 
Published: December 2021

Background Breast reconstruction (BR) has documented psychological benefits following mastectomy. Yet, racial/ethnic minority groups have lower reported rates of BR. We sought to evaluate the rate, type, and outcome of BR in a racially and ethnically diverse population within a safety-net hospital system. Methods All patients who underwent mastectomy between October 2015 and July 2019 at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center were retrospectively examined. Rates and type of BR were analyzed according to patient characteristics (race/ethnicity, age, and body mass index), smoking status, cancer stage, and presence of diabetes mellitus. Breast reconstruction outcomes were also assessed. Results Of the 259 patients that underwent mastectomy, 87 (33.6%) received BR. Immediate BR was performed in 79 (30.5%) patients and delayed BR in 8 (3.1%). Of the 79 patients with immediate BR, 58 (73.4%) received implant-based BR and 21 (26.5%) autologous tissue. The BR failure rate was 10%, all implant-based. Increasing age and smoking negatively impacted BR rates. Black ( P =.331) and Hispanic ( P =.132) ethnicity were not independent predictors of decreased breast reconstruction. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the rate, type, and quality of BR in this integrated safety-net hospital within a diverse population are comparable to national rates. When made available, historically underrepresented minority patients of Black and Hispanic ethnicity utilize BR.
Effect of Insurance Type on Postoperative Tympanostomy Tube Follow‐up
Authors: Patel Terral A. , McCoy Jennifer L. , Belsky Michael A. , Sim Edward S. , Konanur Anisha , Yan Annie , Jabbour Noel , Padia Reema 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveBilateral myringotomy with tube insertion (BMT) is a common procedure performed in children. Appropriate follow‐up is necessary to ensure management of postoperative sequalae. The objectives are to investigate (1) the relationship between insurance type and postoperative follow‐up attendance and (2) the effect of follow‐up on need for further care after BMT.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingThe study included patients <3 years of age undergoing BMT for recurrent acute otitis media at a tertiary care children’s hospital within a single year and followed for 3 years. Patients were excluded if they had received a prior BMT; underwent a concurrent otolaryngologic procedure; or had a syndromic diagnosis, craniofacial abnormality, or any significant cardiac or respiratory comorbidity.MethodsNumber of follow‐up appointments, demographics, socioeconomic status, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.ResultsA total of 734 patients were included with mean (SD) age of 1.4 years (0.50). The majority of patients had private insurance (520/734, 70.8%). Patients with public insurance attended fewer postoperative appointments (1.5 vs 1.8, P <. 001) and had a higher incidence of BMT‐related emergency department (ED) visits (10.3% vs 3.8%, P =. 001). There was no significance found when different insurance providers were compared. An adjusted multivariate regression analysis showed that patients with private insurance were more likely to attend postoperative appointments (odds ratio, 3.52 [95% CI, 2.12‐5.82]; P <. 001) and less likely to have a BMT‐related ED visit (odds ratio, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.20‐0.89]; P =. 024).ConclusionInsurance type is related to outcomes after the treatment of recurrent acute otitis media with BMT. Future studies that survey individuals will help identify barriers that contribute to patient absence at follow‐ups and need for subsequent ED visits.
Positive impact of a telemedicine education program on practicing health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: A mixed methods study of an Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) program
Authors: Zhao Q. Jane , Rozenberg Dmitry , Nourouzpour Sahar , Orchanian-Cheff Ani , Flannery John , Kaul Rupert , Agbeyaka Senyo , Barber Mary , dePeiza Patrice , Maria Doumouras Anna , Draper Haley , Gebara Nadine , Lau Jenny , Liberman Dan , Luther Ryan A , Sanh Monica , Furlan Andrea D 
Published: December 2021

Introduction In addition to shifting and expanding clinical responsibilities, rapidly evolving information and guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult for health care workers (HCW) to synthesise and translate COVID-19 information into practice. This study evaluated whether a COVID-19-specific telemedicine education program (ECHO COVID) would impact health care workers’ self-efficacy and satisfaction in the management of patients with COVID-19. Methods A prospective mixed methods parallel-design study was conducted among ECHO COVID participants using pre-post questionnaires and a focus group discussion. Questionnaire results were examined for changes in health care workers’ self-efficacy and satisfaction. Focus group discussion data were analysed to explore health care workers’ experience in ECHO COVID and the context of their practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results 239 health care workers registered in ECHO COVID and 114 (47.7%) completed questionnaires and attended at least one ECHO COVID session. Median self-efficacy scores increased from 5 (IQR 4–6) to 6 (IQR 6–6) ( p < 0.0001), independent of profession, years in practice, age group, or practice environment. Participants were highly satisfied with ECHO COVID sessions with a median score of 4 (IQR 4–5). Focus group discussion data indicated that health care workers gained knowledge through ECHO COVID and revealed facilitators for ECHO COVID program success, including the transition to virtual care, the practicability of knowledge provided, and a ‘perspective from the trenches.’ Discussion This study demonstrated that a telemedicine education program aimed to support health care workers in managing patients with COVID-19 had a positive impact on health care workers’ self-efficacy and satisfaction. This impact was specifically mediated by the ECHO COVID program.
Access, utilization, and awareness for clinical genetic testing in autism spectrum disorder in Sweden: A survey study
Authors: Hellquist Anna , Tammimies Kristiina 
Published: December 2021

Clinical genetic testing is recommended for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. There are only a few reports of how these recommendations are followed and especially missing for European countries. We aimed to analyze the rate of access, utilization, and awareness of clinical genetic testing among autistic individuals in Sweden through online surveys targeting parents with at least one autistic child and autistic adolescents (from 15 years) and adults. In total, 868 parents of autistic children and 213 autistic adolescents or adults completed the survey. Only 9.1% ( n = 79) of parents and 2.8% ( n = 6) of autistic adolescents/adults reported having received a referral for clinical genetic testing after autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. The autistic children offered a referral were younger at diagnosis ( p < 0.001) and more likely to have an additional neurodevelopmental diagnosis ( p < 0.01), including intellectual disability ( p < 0.001) or a language disorder ( p < 0.001). Genetic counseling was provided to less than half of the families that were referred for clinical genetic testing. Finally, we report that both respondent groups preferred to be informed by written text and an expert in genetics about clinical genetic testing. This study highlights a lack of awareness and access to clinical genetic testing after autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in Sweden and demonstrates the need for additional studies on how clinical guidelines for genetic testing are followed in different countries. Lay abstract Several medical professional societies recommend clinical genetic testing for autistic individuals as many genetic conditions are linked to autism. However, it is unclear to what extent autistic individuals and parents of autistic children are offered clinical genetic testing. We conducted a community-based survey to estimate the access, utilization, and awareness for clinical genetic testing in Sweden. In total, 868 parents of autistic children and 213 autistic adolescents or adults participated as respondents. The referral rate for clinical genetic testing after autism spectrum disorder diagnosis was low, with only 9.1% for the autistic children as reported by their parents and 2.8% for autistic adolescents/adults. The autistic children who got referrals were more likely to have intellectual disability and language disorder. We also report that awareness of the clinical genetic testing possibility was low in both respondent groups. We also highlight preferred communication means and needs for information before clinical genetic testing. Our results show that utilization and access are low in Sweden, and more studies should be conducted to report these rates in different countries to analyze the effects of clinical genetic testing on healthcare for autistic individuals. Our results highlight the most important information for the families and how the information should be communicated prior to clinical genetic testing.