bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐coding RNAs and related molecules associated with form‐deprivation myopia in mice
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Chen Huijie , Ma Wenbei , Zhong Yanyan , Liang Yingying , Gu Lishan , Lu Xiaohe , Li Jiali 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe role of miRNAs and its regulatory mechanism in myopia are indeterminate. Our study aimed to investigate potential myopia‐associated non‐coding RNAs and related molecules by performing a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of miRNA expression profile of mice with form‐deprivation myopia (FDM). Differentially expressed miRNAs in two raw microarray data sets (GSE58124 and GSE84220) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were comprehensively analysed using GEO2R. Target genes were predicted using miRDB and enriched with Metascape online tool. Protein‐protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed utilizing STRING and Cytoscape. Significant differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) using RNA extracted from monocular FDM ocular tissues. As result, we identified three upregulated miRNAs (mmu‐miR‐1936, mmu‐miR‐338‐5p, and mmu‐miR‐673‐3p) significantly associated with myopia in the two microarray data sets (p < 0.05 and |Log (Fold Change) |>1). GO functional analysis suggested these three miRNAs were targeted in genes mostly enriched in morphogenesis and developmental growth of retinal tissues. Enrichment analysis revealed top eight transcription factors, including PAX6 and Smad3, related to myopia. Ten hub genes, including Rbx1, Fbxl3, Fbxo27, Fbxl7, Fbxo4, Cul3, Cul2, Klhl5, Fbxl16 and Klhl42, associated with ubiquitin conjugation were identified. qRT‐PCR confirmed the increased expression of mmu‐miR‐1936 and mmu‐miR‐338‐5p (p < 0.05), but no statistical difference was observed in mmu‐miR‐673‐3p expression in myopic retinas. Our findings indicated mmu‐miR‐1936, mmu‐miR‐338‐5p and mmu‐miR‐673‐3p upregulation may be associated with myopia development via post‐transcriptional gene regulation, and identified potential molecules that could be further explored in future studies of the mechanism in myopia.
Behavioural responses of diapausing Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to conspecific volatile organic compounds
Authors: Nixon Laura , Morrison William R. , Rice Kevin B. , Goldson Stephen , Brockerhoff Eckehard G. , Khrimian Ashot , Rostás Michael , Leskey Tracy C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive pest in America, Europe and Asia and causes serious economic loss to crops, and nuisance problems during overwintering. Uninvaded southern hemisphere countries, such as New Zealand and Australia, see an increase in H. halys border interceptions during the northern hemisphere populations’ overwintering period as large aggregations of H. halys can settle to diapause in items for export, e.g. vehicles, containers, etc. Here, we explored aspects of diapausing H. halys behaviour relative to release and perception of defensive odour compounds. First, to determine whether group size and agitation affect the release of defensive odours, diapausing H. halys were confined in glass tubes as individuals or in varying group sizes and mechanically agitated or remained stationary and the presence or absence of defensive odours was recorded. Using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, we also established if exposure to individual defensive odour components (tridecane, (E)‐2‐decenal, 4‐oxo‐(E)‐2‐hexenal, and dodecane) induced individuals to release defensive compounds. Additionally, H. halys dispersal was measured in the laboratory following exposure to individual components of their defensive odour or their natural blend. We found that agitating individual bugs did not induce the release of defensive odours. The release of human‐detectable odours was only found in groups of mechanically agitated H. halys, whereas non‐agitated bugs did not emit odour. Exposure to 4‐oxo‐(E)‐2‐hexenal was the only odour component that resulted in individual H. halys releasing defensive compounds. Diapausing H. halys exposure to the natural blend of defensive compounds resulted in increased horizontal distance moved and velocity, while tridecane exposure increased distance moved, velocity and angular velocity, and (E)‐2‐decenal exposure increased distance moved. Our behavioural and chemical data suggest that defensive compounds released by diapausing H. halys act as an alarm pheromone, particularly when adults are in aggregations.
Effect of assessor's sex on visual color matching in dentistry: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Hynková Kristýna , Sarao Simran Kaur , Voborná Iva , Levin Liran 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate systematically the influence of sex of dental professionals on their capability for visual color matching.Materials and MethodsThe protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020205393). PICOS question was develop based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study design (PICOS). Eligibility criteria included cross section studies, randomized clinical trials and cohort studies that compared the effect of sex on the visual color matching process. Five electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, and SCOPUS) and additional literature were screened independently by two researchers in July 2020. Clinical studies evaluating visual color matching skills of dental professionals were included. Studies that did not compare the difference between sexes were excluded. Duplicate articles were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools.ResultsA total of 1192 articles were screened from which 132 full text articles were analyzed and 37 finally included in the systematic review. Most of the studies evaluated the color matching abilities of dental students in vitro with shade tabs or extracted teeth. Out of the 37 articles included, 25 reported no significant difference in shade matching abilities between the sexes. Of the 12 studies that found a significant difference, 11 reported that females had better scores in shade matching exercises. For all studies a low risk of bias was revealed for most of the domains.ConclusionsWhile the non‐homogeneity of the settings and methods in the included studies make it impossible to construct aggregate statistic, this systematic review suggests that the sex is unlikely to be a critical factor influencing color matching abilities.Clinical significanceThis study suggest that sex of dental professionals does not play a critical factor in matching satisfactory color of future dental restoration with surrounding teeth.
Applications of artificial intelligence in dentistry: A comprehensive review
Authors: Carrillo‐Perez Francisco , Pecho Oscar E. , Morales Juan Carlos , Paravina Rade D. , Della Bona Alvaro , Ghinea Razvan , Pulgar Rosa , Pérez María del Mar , Herrera Luis Javier 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a comprehensive review of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in dentistry, providing the community with a broad insight on the different advances that these technologies and tools have produced, paying special attention to the area of esthetic dentistry and color research.Materials and methodsThe comprehensive review was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, for papers published in English language in the last 20 years.ResultsOut of 3871 eligible papers, 120 were included for final appraisal. Study methodologies included deep learning (DL; n = 76), fuzzy logic (FL; n = 12), and other ML techniques (n = 32), which were mainly applied to disease identification, image segmentation, image correction, and biomimetic color analysis and modeling.ConclusionsThe insight provided by the present work has reported outstanding results in the design of high‐performance decision support systems for the aforementioned areas. The future of digital dentistry goes through the design of integrated approaches providing personalized treatments to patients. In addition, esthetic dentistry can benefit from those advances by developing models allowing a complete characterization of tooth color, enhancing the accuracy of dental restorations.Clinical significanceThe use of AI and ML has an increasing impact on the dental profession and is complementing the development of digital technologies and tools, with a wide application in treatment planning and esthetic dentistry procedures.
First report of successful isolation of a HPR0‐like variant of the infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) using cell culture
Authors: Ditlecadet D. , Gautreau C. , Boston L. , Liston R. , Johnsen E. , Gagné N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractISAV is the causative agent of the infectious salmon anaemia (ISA), a disease listed by the OIE that has caused important economic losses to the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) industry. ISAV variants are identified as pathogenic or non‐pathogenic based on the presence or absence of a deletion in the highly polymorphic region (HPR) of segment 6 (S6). HPRΔ variants (pathogenic) are the only forms of the virus known to grow in cell culture. This is the first report of a HPR0 variant isolated in cell culture. The isolate is, however, atypical as it shows a marker of virulent variants on another segment (S5), which has never been reported for any other HPR0 variants. The significance of this finding remains unclear until more in‐depth work is carried out but does challenge current knowledge.
Comparison of standardised milk‐based, standardised non‐milk based and hospital‐based formulations on the anthropometric indices of under‐fives with moderate acute malnutrition: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Udoh Ekong , Nwazuluoke Blessing , Bassey Victor , Motilewa Olugbemi , Okorie Obasi , Adesina Sunday , Ejemot‐Nwadiaro Regina , Meremikwu Martin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundModerate acute malnutrition (MAM) causes impaired anthropometry, which can be reversed by supplementary feeding. The present study aimed to compare the effect of a standardised milk‐based formulation (SMBF), standardised non‐milk based formulation (SNMBF) and hospital‐based formulation (HBF) on anthropometric indices of children aged <5 years with MAM.MethodsThis was a randomised clinical trial during which eligible children aged 6–59 months with MAM received SMBF, SNMBF or HBF over 4 months. They were followed up on a biweekly basis during which their weight, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and length/height were measured. The effect of the formulations was determined at the end of the period by the change in their anthropometric indices using ‘per protocol’ analysis. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThere were 157 evaluable participants of whom 54 received the SMBF, 57 received the SNMBF and 46 received the HBF. The overall result showed a significant improvement in the mean weight and MUAC of the children. Subgroup analysis showed a significant improvement in mean weight and MUAC among children aged 6–23 months (p = 0.013) and improvement in MUAC only among those aged 24–59 months (p = 0.03).ConclusionsThe formulations significantly improved the mean weight and MUAC of children with MAM.
Easy Diet Screener: A quick and easy tool for determining dietary patterns associated with lipid profile and body adiposity
Authors: Malinowska Anna M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of simple tools that could allow members of the general population to estimate their own dietary patterns and to associate them with unfavourable health outcomes. The present study aimed to develop and validate a simple self‐administered tool, called the Easy Diet Screener (EDS), that would identify healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns and evaluate their association with unfavourable blood and anthropometric parameters (i.e. values outside the recommended values).MethodsIn total, 259 adult people (31−50 years of age) participated in this observational study. They filled out an online version of the EDS questionnaire; those who scored highly were assigned to the healthy dietary pattern (HDP) group, whereas those with a low score were assigned to the western dietary pattern (WDP) group. The dietary records, anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated in a subset of 200 participants who obtained similar score in the repeated EDS (paper version).ResultsPeople assigned to HDP on the basis of EDS had significantly better diet quality than those assigned to WDP, with values of the Healthy Eating Index being 76.9 ± 9.2 and 58.7 ± 10.5, respectively. People classed as WDP had a higher risk of too high serum low‐density lipoproteins [odds ratio (OR) = 2.65], triglycerides (OR = 3.67), body mass index (OR = 2.87) and percentage of fat tissue (OR = 3.98) than did people in the HDP.ConclusionsEDS is an easy tool for quickly identifying healthy and western dietary patterns that are associated with lipid profile and body adiposity.
Experiences of accessing healthcare services by people with hearing loss/impairment (deaf) in sub‐Saharan Africa: An integrative review
Authors: Baratedi William M. , Tshiamo Wananani B. , Mokotedi Mosidi T. , Khutjwe Joyce V. , Mamalelala Tebogo T. , Sewane Eulie B. P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThe aim was to review published articles to identify experiences of people with hearing loss/impairment accessing healthcare services in sub‐Saharan Africa.Design and methodThe study was guided by Cooper's integrative review methodology. Articles published between 2010 and 2020 were identified through electronic databases. The search included: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, EBSCOHOST, MEDLINE, and Psyc INFO and using specific search terms. Ninety‐one (91) articles were identified and screened for eligibility, and only seven articles were appraised using relevant tools for qualitative and quantitative designs.FindingsThe articles that met the inclusion criteria were from the following sub‐Saharan countries: Ghana (n = 2) South Africa (n = 3) Uganda (n = 1) and Zimbabwe (n = 1). Review analysis revealed seven (7) major themes categorized as: communication, lack of knowledge, discrimination, financial problem, healthcare workers’ attitudes, and a lack of autonomy, security and privacy issues.ConclusionThe review provides evidence that indicate the challenges faced by people with hearing loss/impairment in sub‐Saharan Africa. Studies suggest that communication, lack of knowledge; financial problems, lack of autonomy and privacy, and a perception of being discriminated against were major impediments in accessing healthcare service. Undesirable attitudes were also a hindrance for healthcare access.Clinical relevanceCommunication is a major impediment in accessing healthcare for the hearing impaired people residing in sub‐Saharan Africa.
Efficacy of Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide extract as a moisturizer
Authors: Cha So Yoon , Park So Yeon , Lee Jae Seok , Lee Kang Hyuk , Kim Jeong Hoon , Fang Yuzhan , Shin Song Seok 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study investigated the role of natural polymers as moisturizers with low toxicity and biodegradability in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. We isolated a polysaccharide extract from Dendrobium candidum (D. candidum) and determined its efficacy in skin hydration when used as an active cosmetic ingredient.MethodsThe molecular weight distribution of D. candidum polysaccharides was analyzed via gel permeation chromatography (GPC). We performed real‐time reverse transcription PCR (RT‐PCR) and western blotting assays to investigate the physiological mechanism of the polysaccharides extracted from D. candidum (PDC). Based on in vitro data, the efficacy of PDC in improving skin condition was tested on the face of 21 volunteers.ResultsThe expression of filaggrin (FLG), caspase‐14, and bleomycin hydrolase, which are the major components contributing to skin hydration, was significantly increased in the PDC‐treated group. Further, the PDC upregulated the mRNA expression of occludin and claudin‐1, which play a key role in epidermal barrier function. In addition, a topical application of PDC markedly increased skin hydration and improved trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin elasticity after 2 weeks.ConclusionsIt is the first study reporting the efficacy of PDC‐mediated FLG mechanism associated with positive skin hydration. PDC can be used as an active ingredient in moisturizers. Long‐term application of PDC‐based moisturizers may result in significant improvement in elasticity and barrier function.
Outcomes of a Multi‐Component School‐Based Nutrition Program
Authors: Melnick Emily M. , Bergling Emily , Pendleton Divyani , Scarbro Sharon , Atwood Julie , Puma Jini E. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThis paper presents the effectiveness of a multi‐component elementary school‐based nutrition education program, the Integrated Nutrition Education Program (INEP), which has been in existence for over 25 years. INEP includes components to address multiple layers of influence: hands‐on nutrition education lessons in the classroom (student‐level), parent education, and outreach (home‐level), and facilitation of a planning process to implement policy, system, and environmental (PSE) school changes (school‐level).METHODSThree evaluation tools assessed the effectiveness of the program: (1) classroom plate waste measurement in intervention (N = 149 students) and demographically‐matched comparison schools (N = 131 students), (2) pre/post classroom surveys completed by students who participated in INEP (N = 204), and (3) PSE change data from participating schools (N = 47 schools).RESULTSStudents who participated in the nutrition education program were more likely to consume vegetable‐based recipes and vegetables included in classroom nutrition lessons compared to students in comparison classrooms (Chinese vegetable salad: p < .001; couscous salad: p < .001; snap peas: p = .001). Classroom survey analyses showed improvements in student self‐efficacy (p < .001), preference for vegetables (p = .005), and knowledge (p < .001). In addition, through a wellness planning process, schools implemented an average of 3.7 PSE changes per school.CONCLUSIONSResults demonstrate a multi‐component school‐based nutrition education program improves student nutrition‐related outcomes.
Looking through a kaleidoscope: The phenomenological ethnic‐racial socialization conceptual model and its application to U.S. Black and Latino Youth and families
Authors: Scott Judith C. , McDermott Elana R. , Harris Abril N. , Johnson Kendall G. , Pinderhughes Ellen E. , Spencer Margaret Beale 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA significant body of research examines ethnic‐racial socialization among families of color, yet rarely investigates the influence of youths’ phenotype (e.g., skin color) on ethnic‐racial socialization. How families of color make meaning of youths’ skin color may cause variation in ethnic‐racial socialization. To address this gap, we propose the Phenomenological Ethnic‐Racial Socialization Conceptual Model, which details how the meaning families of color make of phenotype within contexts and in consideration of youths’ identities affects ethnic‐racial socialization. In the application of the model to U.S. Black and Latino youth and families, we specifically focus on how the meaning of skin color, affected by context and immigrant identity, can influence ethnic‐racial socialization. Theoretical frameworks that can be used to investigate components and relations within the model are briefly discussed. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for research and practice, limitations of the conceptual model, and future research.
Role of public interest in Trademark Law
Authors: Bhatia Pallavi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTrademark Laws should be understood in light of public interest in protecting the public from falling into the trap of confusion, and not as rights that are excluded from scrutiny. It aims to protect trade symbols to avoid the likelihood of confusion among consumers. It is to be seen whether the broad protection is giving any benefit to consumers or it is serving badly the public interest by shielding firms from healthy competition. Broad legal protection to the trade symbols can sometimes disserve the competition and harms the consumer and larger public as well. The paper questions and analyses the objectives of Trademark Law. Are these trademarks untouchable? Can perpetual monopoly be ever touched on public interest grounds? Can public interest grounds supersede economic interests of individual trademark owners? It can be believed that trademarks can definitely be touched and can be objected on the grounds based on public interests. Also, it must be remembered that intellectual property is not a positive right to use the mark but a negative right to stop others from exploiting it. Thus, the ban on controversial brands can very well be held if found obscene or scandalous in nature or if hitting public interest.
The effectiveness of interventions on nutrition social behaviour change communication in improving child nutritional status within the first 1000 days: Evidence from a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mahumud Rashidul A. , Uprety Sophiya , Wali Nidhi , Renzaho Andre M. N. , Chitekwe Stanley 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the robustness of designs and tools used in nutrition social behaviour change communication (NSBCC) interventions and establish their effectiveness. EBSCOhost as an umbrella database including Medline (Ovid) and CINAHL, EMBASE, and ProQUEST databases were searched for peer‐reviewed articles from January 1960 to October 2018. Additional sources were searched to identify all relevant studies including grey literature. Studies' biases were assessed according to Cochrane handbook. Pooled estimate of effectiveness of interventions on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and child nutritional status with 95% confidence intervals were measured using random‐effects models. Eighty studies were included in this review: Fifty‐one (64%) were cluster randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 13 (16%) were RCTs and 16 (20%) quasi‐experimental. Of the included studies, 22 (27%) measured early initiation of breastfeeding, 38 (47%) measured exclusive breastfeeding, 29 (36%) measured minimum dietary diversity, 21 (26%) measured minimum meal frequency, 26 (32%) measured height for age z‐scores (HAZ), 23 (29%) measured weight for height z‐scores (WHZ), 27 (34%) measured weight for age z‐scores (WAZ), 20 (25%) measured stunting, 14 (17%) measured wasting, and 11 (14%) measured underweight. The overall intervention's effect was significant for exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) (odds ratio = 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35–2.11, p < 0.001), HAZ (standardized mean differences [SMD] = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.17–0.21; p < 0.001), WHZ (SMD = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.004–0.04; p < 0.001), and WAZ (SMD = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.02–0.06; p < 0.001). Evidence shows the effectiveness of NSBCC in improving EBF and child anthropometric outcomes. Further research should test the impact on child nutritional status with clearly specified and detailed NSBCC interventions.