bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Current Advances in Design Strategy (Indirect Strategy and Direct Strategy) for Type‐I Photosensitizers
Authors: Ma Ning , Wang Junjie , Tang Hui , Wu Shiyu , Liu Xiaochun , Chen Kangyao , Zhang Yahui , Yu Xiaoqi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractType‐I photosensitizers (PSs) are among the most potential candidates for photodynamic therapy (PDT), as their low dependence on oxygen endow them with many advantages for treating hypoxic tumor. However, most of the reported type‐I PSs have a contingency of molecular design, because electron transfer (ET) reaction is more difficult to achieve than energy transfer (EET) process. Therefore, it is urgent to understand molecular design mechanisms for type‐I PSs. In this review, the two ways to achieve the type‐I PSs, i.e., inhibiting EET process (type‐II) or enhancing ET process (type‐I), are detailly explained. In response, the current design strategies of type‐I PSs are summarized from two perspectives: indirect strategy (inhibiting EET process: reducing the energy of the lowest triplet excited state (T1) to lower than the energy required for the excitation energy transfer to produce singlet oxygen) and direct strategy (enhancing ET process: promoting the ET efficiency of PSs to generate superoxide radicals). The construction of direct strategy can be realized by forming an electron‐rich microenvironment, providing an electron‐deficient intermediate transmitter, and introducing an enhanced electron transfer capacity primitive.
Reducing prejudice with counter‐stereotypical AI
Authors: Hermann Erik , De Freitas Julian , Puntoni Stefano 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBased on a review of relevant literature, we propose that the proliferation of AI with human‐like and social features presents an unprecedented opportunity to address the underlying cognitive and affective drivers of prejudice. An approach informed by the psychology of intergroup contact and prejudice reduction is necessary because current AI systems often reinforce or avoid prejudices. Against this backdrop, we outline unique opportunities for prejudice reduction through ‘synthetic’ intergroup contact, wherein consumers interact with AI products and services that counter stereotypes and serve as a ‘proxy’ members of the outgroup (i.e., counter‐stereotypical AI). In contrast to human‐human contact, humanizing and socializing AI can reduce prejudice through more repeated, direct, unavoidable, private, non‐judgmental, collaborative, and need‐satisfying contact. We illustrate the potential of synthetic intergroup contact with counter‐stereotypical AI using examples of gender stereotypes and hate speech and discuss practical considerations for implementing counter‐stereotypical AI without inadvertently perpetuating or reinforcing prejudice.
Solid Solution Derived Cu Clusters on Partially Reduced CuCeO2 with Abundant Oxygen Vacancies Enable Efficient Reverse Water Gas Reaction
Authors: Xu Jianhong , Liu Zihao , Zhang Ruoyu , Ge Qingfeng , Zhu Xinli 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction provides a convenient approach to convert CO2 to CO, which facilitates to achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Herein, the Cu/CeO2 catalyst prepared by a co‐precipitation method using a mixture of Na2CO3 and NaOH at pH of 10 (sample Cu/CeO2‐10) achieved an intrinsic reaction rate of 428.4 mmol ⋅ gcat−1 ⋅ h−1 with 100 % CO selectivity at 400 °C and CO2/H2 ratio of 1 : 4, which is much higher than Cu/CeO2 prepared by impregnation and other methods. Various characterizations showed the highest fraction of CuCeO2 solid solution in the calcined Cu/CeO2‐10, and formed highly dispersed Cu clusters (~2.5 nm) on partially reduced CuCeO2 solid solution with abundant of oxygen vacancies upon reduction. The Cu and oxygen vacancies facilitates the activation of H2 and CO2, respectively, resulting in lowered H2 and CO2 reaction orders. As a result, the synergy between the two components enhanced the overall RWGS activity with lowered activation energy. Moreover, the optimal catalyst is very stable in 24 h stability test without detectable agglomeration of Cu clusters.
What We Know and Do Not Know About Camouflaging, Impression Management, and Mental Health and Wellbeing in Autistic People
Authors: Khudiakova Valeria , Alexandrovsky Mishel , Ai Wei , Lai Meng‐Chuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCamouflaging is an impression management strategy employed by some autistic people, widely seen as a response to the pervasive stigma surrounding autism in society. Autistic narratives and lived experiences consistently link camouflaging to anxiety, depression, suicide risks, and autistic burnout. Quantitative research is yet to determine the nature of these relationships, with a significant portion of recent studies providing inconsistent evidence. While camouflaging can be a compelled survival strategy in social environments, it might also contribute to positive outcomes such as securing employment and forming positive social relationships, implicating a complex interrelationship with mental health and wellbeing. We advocate for using a transactional impression management framework to understand camouflaging and wellbeing and address the inconsistencies in research. Through examining the transactions among a person's individual and cognitive characteristics, behavior modification strategies, and the particular social contexts they find themselves in, this framework guides new empirical research directions to delineate the relationships between camouflaging, impression management, mental health, and wellbeing. There is a need to develop multiple measures of camouflaging that delineate the motivations, ability, effortfulness, and perceived effectiveness of camouflaging and examine how a person's social behaviors are perceived in different social environments. Research should also focus on intersectionality, sociocultural influences, and diverse autistic voices to study context‐sensitive camouflaging experiences across the autistic population.
Should Mining Enterprise Adopt Digital Transformation for Environmental Performance? A Supply Chain Power Structure Perspective
Authors: Wang Liukai , Xu Ying , Wang Jason X. , Shi Yangyan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis research explores how digital transformation (DT) affects environmental performance (EP) in mining companies, considering supply chain power dynamics involving suppliers and retailers. We construct theoretical models to depict the game process of the DT strategy of a mining company under different supply chain power structures. We then validate our theoretical model through a sample of 1155 A‐shared listed mining companies with complete financial data in China. Regression models with fixed effects are applied to estimate the potential parameters. The empirical findings are consistent with theoretical results, showing that DT improves the EP for mining companies. The EP is weaker when DT is treated at higher supplier and retailer concentrations. This study can guide policy frameworks at COP28, promoting sustainable mining practices aligned with global climate goals.
Recent Advancements in Metal‐Organic Frameworks‐Derived Metal Phosphides as Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Junjie , Li Jun , Xu Chenxuan , Wen Binbin , Si Linjun , Shen Weifeng , Feng Zhenqiu , Mai Wanxin , Lin Xiaoming , Wu Yongbo , Yang Huachao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTransition metal phosphides (TMPs) are considered as a promising anode material for LIBs due to their potential high theoretical capacity, suitable lithiation potential and low polarization, but low conductivity and severe volume expansion limit the performance of TMPs. Since metal‐organic framework (MOFs)‐derived materials can inherit the advantages of MOFs, MOFs‐derived metal phosphides have been widely used as anodes for LIBs and exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance. The MOFs derivatization strategy can be used to achieve the adjustment and optimization of the components and structure of metal phosphide composites, such as constructing rich heterojunction structure or designing stable carbon skeleton structure. These modifications effectively improve the electronic structure and structural stability of metal‐phosphide composites, thus solving the current problems of TMPs. In conclusion, this paper systematically summarizes the basic strategies for the modification and preparation of TMPs applied to the field of energy conversion and energy storage from the phosphorus source used in the preparation of TMPs, and finally compares the preparation methods, modification and lithium storage properties of monometallic/bimetallic phosphides derived from MOFs, and looks ahead to the characteristics and possible future development of the metal phosphides obtained by derivatization of MOFs as precursor.
Fuzzy Based Energy Efficient Routing for IoT: Traffic Delay Optimization
Authors: Reetha P. Roy Sudha  , Pandeeswari N.  
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEnergy conservation and optimized traffic delay are crucial challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) systems, particularly in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This study presents a novel approach to address these issues through a fuzzy‐based routing protocol. Traditional methods often struggle to effectively enhance routing protocols with optimized packet size control. Researchers have proposed a combination of machine learning and evolutionary techniques to overcome this limitation and enhance energy efficiency in WSNs. The new approach called MOSPFNN (Multi‐Objective Spider Prey‐localized Fuzzy Neural Network) leverages fuzzy logic control (FLC) to select optimal paths for traffic‐aware multipath routing. Additionally, a new meta‐heuristic algorithm of SP optimizer is employed to develop an energy‐efficient spatial routing protocol with superior convergence and minimal local optima. The proposed protocol incorporates optimal FNN for congestion monitoring and traffic‐aware routing. Simulation results validate that new protocol outperforms existing methods in terms of average end‐to‐end delay and packet delivery ratio (PDR). Using MOSPFNN, traffic with different priority levels can achieve a successful PDR rate of over 92% and network lifetime of above 2% than previous network within a reasonable timeframe. This research contributes to advancing energy‐efficient and traffic delay‐aware routing protocols in IoT systems.
Oligodendroglia Are Primed for Antigen Presentation in Response to Chronic Stress‐Induced Microglial‐Derived Inflammation
Authors: Madeira Miguel M. , Hage Zachary , Kokkosis Alexandros G. , Nnah Kimberly , Guzman Ryan , Schappell Laurel E. , Koliatsis Dimitris , Resutov Emran , Nadkarni Neil A. , Rahme Gilbert J. , Tsirka Stella E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTChronic stress is a major contributor to the development of major depressive disorder, one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Using a model of repeated social defeat stress in mice, we and others have reported that neuroinflammation plays a dynamic role in the development of behavioral deficits consistent with social avoidance and impaired reward responses. Animals susceptible to the model also exhibit hypomyelination in the medial prefrontal cortex, indicative of changes in the differentiation pathway of cells of the oligodendroglial lineage (OLN). We computationally confirmed the presence of immune oligodendrocytes, a population of OLN cells, which express immune markers and myelination deficits. In the current study, we report that microglia are necessary to induce expression of antigen presentation markers (and other immune markers) on oligodendroglia. We further associate the appearance of these markers with changes in the OLN and confirm that microglial changes precede OLN changes. Using co‐cultures of microglia and OLN, we show that under inflammatory conditions the processes of phagocytosis and expression of MHCII are linked, suggesting potential priming for antigen presentation by OLN cells. Our findings provide insights into the nature of these OLN cells with immune capabilities, their obligatory interaction with microglia, and identify them as a potential cellular contributor to the pathological manifestations of psychosocial stress.
Interoceptive Brain Processing Influences Moral Decision Making
Authors: Cui Shengbin , Nakano Tamami 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNot harming others is widely regarded as a fundamental tenet of human morality. Harm aversion based on the consequences of an action is called utilitarianism while focusing on the action itself is associated with deontology. This study investigated how interoceptive processing affects the neural processing of utilitarian and deontological moral decision‐making. The study utilized the heartbeat‐evoked potential (HEP), an averaged electrophysiological component from electroencephalogram (EEG) to gauge cardiac interoceptive processing. Twenty‐seven participants were asked to make utilitarian and deontological decisions for personal and impersonal moral dilemmas (18 for each) with direct and indirect harm actions, respectively, while their EEG and electrocardiogram were being recorded. We found no difference in HEPs between personal and impersonal moral dilemmas. In contrast, differential HEPs were observed between utilitarian and deontological moral decision‐making, regardless of type of dilemmas. Significant differences were observed over centro‐posterior electrodes between 110 and 172 milliseconds after R‐peaks during the Scenario Phase, and over right fronto‐temporal electrodes between 314 and 404 milliseconds after R‐peaks in the Decision Phase. We confirmed that these differences in HEP amplitude between deontological and utilitarian decisions did not stem from cardiac artifacts. These findings reveal that the brain utilizes interoceptive information to make subsequent moral decisions.
A Roadmap for Implanting Electrode Arrays to Evoke Tactile Sensations Through Intracortical Stimulation
Authors: Downey John E. , Schone Hunter R. , Foldes Stephen T. , Greenspon Charles , Liu Fang , Verbaarschot Ceci , Biro Daniel , Satzer David , Moon Chan Hong , Coffman Brian A. , Youssofzadeh Vahab , Fields Daryl , Hobbs Taylor G. , Okorokova Elizaveta , Tyler‐Kabara Elizabeth C. , Warnke Peter C. , Gonzalez‐Martinez Jorge , Hatsopoulos Nicholas G. , Bensmaia Sliman J. , Boninger Michael L. , Gaunt Robert A. , Collinger Jennifer L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntracortical microstimulation (ICMS) is a method for restoring sensation to people with paralysis as part of a bidirectional brain–computer interface (BCI) to restore upper limb function. Evoking tactile sensations of the hand through ICMS requires precise targeting of implanted electrodes. Here we describe the presurgical imaging procedures used to generate functional maps of the hand area of the somatosensory cortex and subsequent planning that guided the implantation of intracortical microelectrode arrays. In five participants with cervical spinal cord injury, across two study locations, this procedure successfully enabled ICMS‐evoked sensations localized to at least the first four digits of the hand. The imaging and planning procedures developed through this clinical trial provide a roadmap for other BCI studies to ensure the successful placement of stimulation electrodes.
A Trilobed Radial Forearm Free Flap: A Novel Approach to Oral Cavity Reconstruction
Authors: Zuo Liang , Jiang Zheng , Liu Jun , Tian Hao , Gao ShuiChao , Huang WeiLun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo evaluate the effectiveness of trilobed forearm flaps in repairing postoperative defects in T2 stage oral cancer patients, while minimizing the impact on the donor site.Methods16 male patients with oral cancer were treated at two tertiary medical centers. Patients' demographic characteristics, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, and University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW‐QoL) were recorded.ResultsPostoperatively, all flaps survived with primary closure of donor site. One patient experienced neck wound edema, which healed after re‐drainage. The quality‐of‐life evaluation shows a UW‐QoL score indicating an excellent quality of life, with the mean score of 78.86 ± 4.26 and a mean DASH score of 23.29 ± 9.89, indicating good function preservation of the donor site.ConclusionThe trilobed forearm flap technique significantly improves the repair range for oral cancer defects while maintaining donor site integrity and is recommended for wider application.
Dual‐Polymer Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Poly(Ethylene Oxide)‐Based Gels for the Prevention of Postsurgical Adhesions
Authors: DSouza Anisha A. , Amiji Mansoor M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPostsurgical adhesions are a common complication associated with surgical procedures; they not only impact the patient's well‐being but also impose a financial burden due to medical expenses required for reoperative surgeries or adhesiolysis. Adhesions can range from a filmy, fibrinous, or fibrous vascular band to a cohesive attachment, and they can form in diverse anatomical locations such as the peritoneum, pericardium, endometrium, tendons, synovium, and epidural and pleural spaces. Numerous strategies have been explored to minimize the occurrence of postsurgical adhesions. These strategies include surgical approaches, adhesiolysis, antiadhesive agents, and mechanical barriers which have demonstrated the most promise in terms of efficacy and breadth of indications. In this review, we discuss the use of physical/mechanical barriers for adhesion prevention and outline the most commonly used, commercially available barriers. We then focus on a synthetic, dual‐polymer gel composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO], which, unlike the more commonly used single‐polymer hydrogels, has demonstrated higher efficacy across a greater range of indications and surgical procedures. We review the formulation, mechanical properties, and mechanisms of action of the CMC + PEO dual‐polymer gel and summarize findings from clinical studies that have assessed the efficacy of CMC + PEO gels in multiple surgical settings in clinics across the world. In conclusion, the CMC + PEO dual‐polymer gel represents an approach to preventing postsurgical adhesions that has been commonly used over the last 20 years and could therefore serve as a foundation for research into improving postsurgical outcomes as well as a drug delivery device to expand the use of gels in surgical settings.
Electrically Conductive Injectable Silk/PEDOT: PSS Hydrogel for Enhanced Neural Network Formation
Authors: Borah Rajiv , O'Sullivan Julia , Suku Meenakshi , Spurling Dahnan , Diez Clarke Daniel , Nicolosi Valeria , Caldwell Maeve A. , Monaghan Michael G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWith no effective treatments for functional recovery after injury, spinal cord injury (SCI) remains one of the unresolved healthcare challenges. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) transplantation is a versatile patient‐specific regenerative approach for functional recovery after SCI. Injectable electroconductive hydrogel (ECH) can further enhance the cell transplantation efficacy through a minimally invasive manner as well as recapitulate the native bioelectrical microenvironment of neural tissue. Given these considerations, we report a novel ECH prepared through self‐assembly facilitated in situ gelation of natural silk fibroin (SF) derived from mulberry Bombyx mori silk and electrically conductive PEDOT:PSS. PEDOT:PSS was pre‐stabilized to prevent the potential delamination of its hydrophilic PSS chain under aqueous environment using 3% (v/v) (3‐glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GoPS) and 3% (w/v) poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether (PeGDE). The resultant ECH formulations are easily injectable with standard hand force with flow point below 100 Pa and good shear‐thinning properties. The ECH formulations with unmodified and GoPS‐modified PEDOT:PSS, that is, SF/PEDOT and SF/PEDOTGoP maintain comparable elastic modulus to spinal cord (~10–60 kPa) under physiological condition, indicating their flexibility. The GoPS‐modified ECHs also display improved structural recoverability (~70%–90%) as compared to the unmodified versions of the ECHs (~30%–80%), as indicated by the three interval time thixotropy (3ITT) test. Additionally, these ECHs possess electrical conductivity in the range of ~0.2–1.2 S/m comparable to spinal cord (1–10 S/m), indicating their ability to mimic native bioelectrical environment. Approximately 80% or more cell survival was observed when hiPSC‐derived cortical neurons and astrocytes were encapsulated within these ECHs. These ECHs support the maturation of cortical neurons when embedded for 7 days, fostering the development of a complex, interconnected network of long axonal processes and promoting synaptogenesis. These results underline the potential of silk ECHs in cell transplantation therapy for spinal cord regeneration.
The Puck Stops Here: Head and Neck Ice Hockey Lacerations in Adults
Authors: Bacon Beatrice , Mendel Rhys , Keenehan Katelin , Varavenkataraman Gaayathri , Viola Francesca , Carr Michele 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to describe lacerations of the head and neck sustained among ice hockey players in the US.MethodsData on adult (20–65 years) ice hockey injuries were collected from the 2003–2022 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database. Injuries of the head, neck, face, mouth, and ears were included, while those sustained as a spectator, coach, or on a non‐ice surface were excluded. Frequencies and means were calculated. A one‐way ANOVA and chi‐squared tests were performed, with p < 0.05 indicating statistical significance.ResultsFive hundred ninety‐three patients were included; 578 (97.5%) male, 15 (2.5%) female. Mean age was 31.3 (95% CI 30.5–32.2) years. Lacerations occurred on the face (N = 422, 71.2%), mouth (N = 124, 20.9%), head (N = 23, 3.9%), ear (N = 22, 3.7%), and neck (N = 2, 0.3%). One patient (0.17%) was admitted due to closed head injury; there were no deaths. Pucks were the primary cause of lacerations (N = 210, 35.4%), followed by sticks (N = 135, 22.8%), collisions (N = 56, 9.4%), and falls (N = 51, 8.6%). 3.4% (N = 20) of patients experienced a laceration caused by a skate blade, most often on the face (N = 17/20, 85.0%).ConclusionHockey pucks are the primary cause of lacerations in the head, face, and mouth, with neck lacerations being rare in this cohort. Full face protective gear would reduce the number of adult ice hockey head and neck lacerations.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 2024
Intraepithelial ILC1‐Like NK Cells Increase Lymphocyte Infiltration into the Tumor Microenvironment via the CXCL10 Axis
Authors: Maddineni Sainiteesh , Sharma Krishna , Mohammad Imran A. , Shin June H. , Sunwoo John B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntraepithelial type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ieILC1s) are tissue‐resident lymphocytes in the microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we evaluate how these cells influence T‐cell trafficking to tumors. We generated cytotoxic ieILC1‐like cells from natural killer (NK) cells in vitro. Using an in vivo tumor model, we show that intratumoral ieILC1‐like NK cells induce greater T cell trafficking into the tumor. Co‐culture of ieILC1‐like NK cells with the tumor cells resulted in elevated CXCL10 in the supernatant. Flow cytometry demonstrated that ieILC1‐like NK cells produce robust amounts of IFNy, a known CXCL10 inducer, while CXCL10 was produced by tumor cells. These results indicate ieILC1‐like NK cells induce tumor production of CXCL10, a proinflammatory chemokine that promotes T cell infiltration into the TME. The role of ieILC1‐like NK cells in modulating clinical responses to immune checkpoint blockade warrants investigation.