bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Daun Sesewanua (Clerodendron squamatum Vahl.) Terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Escherichia coli
Authors: Kadir Fantry Nurhayati , Runtuwene Max Revolta Jhon , Kamu Vanda Silvana 
Published: May 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai kandungan total fenolik, flavonoid dan tanin terkondensasi dari hasil pemisahan kromatografi kolom dan uji aktivitas antibakteri fraksi daun sesewanua terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan escherecia coli. Pemisahan kromatografi kolom dimulai dengan proses ekstraksi maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan total fenolik tertinggi pada fraksi metanol yaitu 135,497 mg/g, kandungan total flavonoid tertinggi pada fraksi etil asetat yaitu 102,647 mg/g dan kandungan total tanin terkondensasi tertinggi pada fraksi metanol yaitu 53,543 mg/g. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan konsentrasi fraksi 40%, 60% dan 80% dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengulangan. Larutan DMSO 10% digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif dan kloramfenikol sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fraksi n-heksana tidak memiliki zona hambat sedangkan fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi metanol daun sesewanua dapat menghambat bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Escherecia coli. Konsentrasi fraksi 80% menunjukkan zona hambat yang paling besarResearch has been conducted on the total content of phenolics, flavonoids and condensed tannins from the results of column chromatography separation. Antibacterial activity test of leaf fractions was also performed against Streptococcus mutans and Escherecia coli. The separation of column chromatography was initialized with the process of maceration using methanol as solvents. The highest total phenolic content obtained in the methanol fraction was 135.497 mg/g, the highest total flavonoid content obtained in the ethyl acetate fraction was 102.647 mg/g and the highest total condensed tannin content in the methanol fraction was 53.543 mg/g. Antibacterial activity test was done triplicates using the 40%, 60% and 80% fraction. DMSO 10% was apllied as the negative control and chloramphenicol as the positive control. The results showed that the n-hexane fraction did not have an inhibition zone while the ethyl acetate fraction and the methanol fraction of the leaves can inhibit Streptococcus mutans and Escherecia coli. Moreover, 80% fraction showed the largest inhibition zone.
Skrining Fitokimia Dan Potensi Antioksidan Dari Ekstrak Daun Tumbuhan Ekor Tikus (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L) Dengan Metode 1.1 Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydracyl (Dpph)
Authors: Rante Trian Rizki Kala’ , Simbala Herny Emma Inonta , Mansauda Karla Lifie Riani 
Published: May 2021

Tumbuhan Ekor Tikus (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) merupakan famili Verbenaceae. Tumbuhan Ekor Tikus (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) atau biasa disebut Pecut Kuda, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahiu potensi dari daun tanaman ekor tikus yang tumbuh di kota Tomohon berdasarkan kandungan fitokimia dan kemampuan aktivitas antioksidannya. Ekstrak daun tumbuhan ekor tikus diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi bertingkat menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat dan etanol 96%. Srining fitokimia menggunakan beberapa reagen yang disesuaikan dengan jenis uji fitokimia. Metode 1.1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydracyl (DPPH) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksan memiliki kandungan steroid, tanin dan saponin dengan nilai IC50 19,76 µg/mL. Ekstrak etil asetat memiliki kandungan steroid dan tanin dengan nilai IC50 12,91 µg/mL. Ekstrak etanol memiliki kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, tanin dan saponin dengan nilai IC50 16,66 µg/mLEkor tikus (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) are family of verbenaceae. Ekor tikus (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L.) or pecut kuda, The aim of this study was determining the potential of the leaves of ekor tikus that growing in Tomohon city based on phytochemicals content and antioxsidant activities. The leaves of ekor tikus extract done extraction with using maceration terraced methods used n-heksan, ethyl acetate and ethanol 96%. Phytochemicals screening are used some reagent that 's adapted to type of phytochemical test. Dpph methods are used to evaluate the antioxidant activities. The results showed that n-hexane extract contained steroids, tannins and saponins, IC50 value of 19.76 µg / mL. Ethyl acetate extract has steroid and tannin content, IC50 value of 12.91 µg / mL. Ethanol extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, tannins and saponins, IC50 values 16.66 µg / mL
Dampak Pandemi terhadap Pemanfaatan e-Learning pada Sekolah Dasar di Den Haag
Authors: Raniah Atalah , Prantista Jefiska Roman , Alfiana Dwi Pangestuti , Aghisni Sangga Firman , Ahsani Eva Luthfi Fakhru 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to find out how the impact of E-learning in Indonesian schools in the Dutch Hague due to Covid-19. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques obtained through observation, interviews and documentation study. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, preparation, grouping, and data checking activities. The results showed that the current covid-19 virus also had an impact on E-learning in schools at the Indonesian School The Hague (SIDH), and the effectiveness of online E-learning was also supported by learning using the internet network with accessibility, connectivity, flexibility, and the ability to bring up learning interactions that are usually done through firtual with zoom, Google Classroom and other applications that are tailored to existing policies in SIDH schools.
CONHECIMENTOS SOBRE COMPORTAMENTO MOTOR E ATITUDES DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA FACE À INCLUSÃO DE ALUNOS COM TEA
Authors: Ribeiro Simara Regina de Oliveira , Martins Pablo Henrique da Silva , Rodrigues Nery Isabelle Rodrigues , Sales Izabella de Souza , Borges Athos Matheus de Paula , Fernandes Lidiane Aparecida , Lage Guilherme Menezes 
Published: May 2021

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento caracterizado por prejuízos relacionados à comunicação, interação social e desenvolvimento. Crianças com TEA também demonstram atrasos motores ainda em idade precoce, com esses persistindo ao longo da vida. Quando tratamos sobre o processo de inclusão escolar de crianças com TEA, diretamente recaímos sobre o papel do professor, visto que ele é o principal responsável e mediador da aprendizagem dos alunos. Desse modo, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento sobre Comportamento Motor e atitudes de professores de Educação Física escolar face à inclusão de alunos com TEA. Participaram do estudo 23 professores de educação física que atuam na Educação Básica em Belo Horizonte. Foram utilizados dois questionários, sendo o primeiro elaborado para essa pesquisa, composto por 26 questões: 11 para a caracterização da amostra; 9 sobre a temática do comportamento motor; 3 sobre características diagnósticas do TEA e 3 sobre educação inclusiva, e o segundo, em que fora utilizado parte do Questionário NEEEFA - Necessidades Educativas Especiais Educação Física Adaptada, composto por 21 questões relacionadas às atitudes dos professores de educação física face à inclusão. Diante dos achados desse estudo, o despreparo dos profissionais de educação física no ensino para alunos com TEA foi evidenciado. Percebe-se ainda a necessidade de avanços quanto aos conteúdos desenvolvidos na formação inicial dos professores de educação física, além da necessidade de formação continuada com o propósito de adequação às novas realidades educacionais e especificidade das populações atípicas.
Recebido em: 27/01/2021
Reformulado em: 03/02/2021
Aceito em: 09/02/2021
PSIKOEDUKASI ONLINE UNTUK MEREDAKAN STRES DI TENGAH PANDEMIK COVID-19
Authors: Pesau Heni Gerda , Panglewai Meidy M.L. 
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many changes in various aspects of people's lives. The changes caused psychological problems, one of which is stress. Stress conditions experienced by individuals need to be handled so as not to prolong or cause other psychological symptoms. One of the interventions that can be done in the midst of a pandemic is online psychoeducation. Based on this, the target of online psychoeducation carried out was the general public who were willing to become participants. The goal of online psychoeducation activities was to increase participants' knowledge of stress conditions and techniques that can be used to relieve stress. Psychoeducation was given in two methods, namely interactive lectures that discussed stress recognition and modeling techniques related to stress relief techniques. The results of the evaluation of the activities showed that more than 50% of participants gave positive responses to the material presented and the participants' expectations were achieved after participating in online psycho education. Thus it can be concluded that providing online psychoeducation could provide knowledge related to stress conditions experienced and techniques that can be applied to relieve stress experienced during the current COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: COVID-19, Stress, Psychoeducation, Online, Technique
APPLICATION OF THE EXTENDED FREQUENCY RESPONSE METHOD FOR PARAMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF A PROPORTIONAL-INTEGRAL DIFFERENCE CONTROLLER
Authors: Куликов Владимир Валерьевич , Куцый Николай Николаевич 
Published: May 2021

Для повышения качества переходных процессов в автоматических системах с запаздыванием применяют ПИ-регулятор со звеном запаздывания, компенсирующим интегральный компонент стандартного ПИ-регулятора, который обозначается в технической литературе как пропорционально-интегральный разностный регулятор (ПИР-регулятор). Важной задачей, стоящей перед промышленной реализацией данного регулятора, является определение оптимальных настраиваемых параметров, доставляющих экстремальное значение принятому критерию оптимальности. Наличие запаздывания в регуляторе и объекте затрудняет применение аналитических подходов для параметрического синтеза закона регулирования, обеспечивающего переходные процессы с приемлемым качеством. Это приводит к использованию алгоритмических методов. В статье показано применение метода расширенных частотных характеристик (РЧХ) для параметрического синтеза ПИР-регулятора в одноконтурной автоматической системе регулирования (АСР) объектом с запаздыванием, критичным для применения типовых регуляторов. Метод РЧХ позволяет получить значения настраиваемых параметров ПИР-регулятора, которые в некоторых сложных случаях могут быть использованы как стартовые точки градиентной процедуры. Для оценки качества переходных процессов, полученных методом РЧХ, задействованы широко распространённые в практике автоматического регулирования коэффициент перерегулирования и интегральный квадратичный критерий.
To improve the quality of transients in automatic systems with lag, a PI controller is used with a delay link that compensates for the integral component of the standard PI controller, which is designated in the technical literature as a proportional-integral difference controller (PIR controller). An important task facing the industrial implementation of this controller is to determine the optimal configurable parameters that deliver an extreme value to the accepted optimality criterion. The presence of a delay in the controller and the object makes it difficult to apply analytical approaches for the parametric synthesis of the control law, which provides transients with acceptable quality. This leads to the use of algorithmic methods. The article shows the application of the extended frequency response (RFC) method for the parametric synthesis of a PIR controller in a single-circuit automatic control system (ASR) by an object with a delay critical for the use of standard regulators. The RFX method allows you to obtain the values of the configurable parameters of the PIR controller, which in some complex cases can be used as the starting points of the gradient procedure. To assess the quality of the transient processes obtained by the RFC method, the overshoot coefficient and the integral quadratic criterion, which are widely used in the practice of automatic control, are used.
Do the Elements of Emotional Intelligence Determine Charismatic Leadership?
Authors: Biswas Mohona , Rahman Md. Sahidur 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Emotional intelligence is a critical stimulus of charismatic leadership. This research is an effort to detect the relationships between the elements of emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership.
Method: Purposive sampling technique was adopted to assemble data from 356 bankers working in different private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The Emotional Quotient Index (EQ Index: Rahim et al., 2002) and a Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ 5X: Bass &Avolio, 2000) were used to assess emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership respectively. A total of 356 usable responses were received which were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression.
Results: The study revealed that all elements of emotional intelligence, namely, self-awareness (r=.64, p<.001), self-regulation (r=.62, p <.001), motivation (r = .65, p< .001), empathy (r = .63, p< .001), and social skills (r = .59, p <.001) were positively correlated with charismatic leadership. It also demonstrated that potential covariates (e.g. experience, age, employee, department, education, gender, and position) shared a negligible correlation with emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership.
Implications: These unique findings would be helpful to academics, scholars, policymakers, and managers/executives of commercial banks to flourish their charisma by cultivating and boosting emotional intelligence to realize a higher level of organizational outcomes.
Limitations: The generalizability of the findings is limited by its particular sampling technique which is less reliable.
Pulse Profile Variations Associated with the Glitch of PSR B2021+51
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Hong-Guang , Yan Zhen , Shen Zhi-Qiang , Tong Hao , Huang Zhi-Peng , Zhao Ru-Shuang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We reported the first glitch of PSR B2021+51 detected with the Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope that occurred around MJD 58289.1 (2018 June 20). The spin frequency and its derivative suffered a jump of about 7.04 × 10−10 Hz and 2.6 × 10−18 s−2, respectively. The pulse width at the 10% intensity level (W
10) of the mean pulse profile significantly decreased right before the glitch and then increased after the glitch, accompanied by an enhancement in the trailing peak of the normalized profile. The mean pulse profiles were decomposed into three Gaussian components, i.e., C1, C2, and C3 from left to right by peak phase. The width of C3 (w
3) had an apparent maximum right before the glitch and its weighted mean value became slightly smaller than the pre-glitch value after the glitch, while the weighted mean values of both w
1 and w
2 had no apparent change. The significant decrease of the mean pulse width right before the glitch is mainly due to the movement of C3 toward C1 and C2, while the increase of the mean pulse width after the glitch results from the movement of C2 toward C3. Changes in the widths of mean pulse profiles and in the widths and phase separations of Gaussian components associated with the glitch convinced us of a connection between the changes in characteristics of the pulsar emission zone and the glitch activity. We discuss a possible interpretation invoking the movements of flux tubes in the emission zone.
Visualizing Multiwavelength Properties of Classified X-Ray Sources from Chandra Source Catalog
Authors: Yang Hui , Hare Jeremy , Volkov Igor , Kargaltsev Oleg 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present a simple but informative online tool to visualize the multiwavelength (MW) properties of ≈2700 X-ray sources from Chandra Source Catalog version 2.0 with literature verified classifications. Here we describe the catalogs that we used to collect the classifications and extract the MW properties of these sources, and the properties themselves. We also describe the design and functionality of the tool.
Le statut du lycien et du grec dans les inscriptions pré-hellénistiques de Lycie
Authors: Réveilhac Florian 
Published: May 2021

En tant que langue du pouvoir achéménide, l’araméen a, en Lycie, un statut clair, celui de langue officielle centrale, tandis que le lycien demeure la langue de communication et celle du pouvoir local. Le grec, lui, attesté en Lycie dès le v e siècle avant J.-C., est d’abord indissociable du genre poétique et c’est à ce titre qu’il est utilisé dans des inscriptions publiques par les dynastes lyciens. Ensuite, une fois la Lycie rattachée à la satrapie carienne, le grec accède au statut de langue officielle, à côté du lycien. Dès lors, comme au sein des élites cariennes, il est également employé dans des inscriptions privées bilingues, dont la composition révèle quelques cas d’interférence linguistique.
L’éducation à la pitié dans l’Emile
Authors: Demouge Gérard 
Published: May 2021

Emile est un « homme naturel », c’est-à-dire un habitant des villes, mais qui partage avec l’homme de la nature la pitié. Comment la civilisation peut-elle ne pas étouffer la pitié ? La réponse à cette question passe par le rappel du principe rousseauiste essentiel, selon lequel nous sommes ce que la situation externe fait de nous. La pitié est un sentiment obscur et vif chez l’homme de la pure nature, car l’absence de séparation entre moi et non-moi fait que l’homme sympathise avec tout être souffrant (homme ou animal). La compétition sociale en est venue à étouffer ce sentiment chez l’homme d’aujourd’hui. Le rôle du pédagogue dans l’Emile est alors de mettre son élève dans des situations sociales telles qu’il puisse se mettre à la place de l’autre souffrant, ce qui implique toute une éducation de l’imagination et de la réflexion. Ainsi éduquées, ces deux facultés, loin d’affaiblir la pitié, en font un sentiment développé et vif.
I PARASSITI NELLA STORIA DELL'UOMO: INFEZIONI DEL PASSATO, MALATTIE NEL PRESENTE
Authors: Bandi Claudio , Bisaglia Beatrice , Alvaro Alessandro 
Published: May 2021

This article will present the concept of evolutionary mismatch, in relation to the reduction in the circulation of pathogenic (or quasi-pathogenic) microorganisms and macro-parasites in human populations, throughout human and pre-human history. In particular, we will refer to the variegated community of parasites and microorganisms, prokaryotes or eukaryotes, pathogenic or only marginally or occasionally pathogenic, which evolved as inhabitants of our bodies together with us human beings and our ancestors. For simplicity, we will generically refer to these organisms as parasites. These organisms, once present endemically in the populations of our species, are believed to have developed a complex network of interactions with our physiological systems, particularly with regard to stimulation of the immune system. In this dynamic, the host organism, in turn, would have evolved countermeasures to the chronic presence of parasites, with a bias towards the modulation of the immune response, somehow specific for the different types of stimulation determined by the parasites. The drastic reduction in the circulation of parasites in industrialized societies would therefore have left an imbalanced immune system behind it. According to this view, which we can refer to as the “hygiene hypothesis”, the increase in the incidence of various immune-mediated diseases in industrialized countries would be attributable, at least in part, to this imbalance of the immune function.
Statistical Analysis of Patients Waiting Time in Accessing Health Care Services in Ghana: A Case Study of University of Cape Coast Hospital
Authors: Kunu Etornam Kwame , Philip Sunday Agbede 
Published: May 2021

Delayed access to health care in terms of diagnosis and treatment has unforeseen health and cost implications on the patients and the public health system in general. Thus, the study examines patients’ waiting time in accessing health care services. The study employs a convenience sampling technique in collecting data from a sample of 350 Outpatients using a questionnaire. The main analytic tools used in the study are the paired sample t-test, binary logistic regression and SmartPLS structural equation modelling. Results from the study show that the actual waiting times of patients are generally higher than the expected times. Furthermore, the probability of a patient’s waiting time being rated as unacceptable is affected by the Day of attendance, Arrival time of patients, Large number of patients or long queue, Long registration time, Type of diagnosis, and Type of treatment sought. Finally, the study also establishes that there is no relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and unacceptable waiting time, as well as no relationship between hospital factors and unacceptable waiting time. Additionally, the study shows that unacceptable waiting time does not have any influence on overall patients’ satisfaction. However, a strong positive relationship between process factors and unacceptable waiting time was established. The study recommends that there is the need for health care policy formulators to adopt more efficient strategies, like use of computer modelling to help assign appointment time to patients, so as to significantly reduce the time patients spend waiting at the hospitals.
Citation: Kunu, E. K. and Agbede, P. S. (2021). Statistical Analysis of Patients Waiting Time in Accessing Health Care Services in Ghana: A Case Study of University of Cape Coast Hospital. International Journal of Technology and Management Research. Vol. 6, Issue 1: 14－27.
Received: October 23, 2020Accepted: March 30, 2021
La gratificante tarea de ser revisor
Authors: Caram María Eugenia , Boggio Paula , Infante Lucrecia 
Published: May 2021

Este fin de año nos despedimos de nuestro querido equipo editorial después de 4 años de trabajar en la revisión por pares. Se siente como si hubiera sido ayer aquella primera reunión porque, como dice la expresión popular, el tiempo pasa volando cuando uno se divierte.
En un mundo donde la información se encuentra en expansión constante, de forma tan exponencial que resulta casi agobiante, el objetivo de las revistas científicas es contribuir a la correcta difusión del conocimiento. Para ello, se debe canalizar y seleccionar toda información valiosa a fin de transmitirla de modo eficiente, práctico y confiable. Detrás de esta honorable tarea, se encuentra el equipo editorial.
HUBUNGAN KAWAN-LAWAN ANTARA MUSLIM DAN NON-MUSLIM
Authors: Muhammad Najib  
Published: May 2021

To protect the believed fundamental values​, a country/nation commonly applies the concept of friend and foe. Likewise, what had been done by Islam in the Medina period as a country tinged with tensions often leading to wars with the people of Mecca who were considered infidels, although in other side building friendly relation with the Habasyah Christian State. The condition strengthens that the Qur’an has been providing guidance to Muslims in formulating the sorting of friends and foes. Related to this, Surah al-Mumtaḥanah verses 8 and 9 discuss the concept of friend and foe. It is on this basis that a comprehensive study of the concept needs to be conducted to find the whole view about the topic. This study uses a thematic interpretation method of the surah and the ethnographic analysis technique to explore the themes. The study concludes that the central theme of surah al-Mumtaḥanah is addressing opponents firmly and fairly, friend-foe relations are not solely based on religious differences, but also on real action, namely war and expulsion due to religious differences. The concept of friend and foe in surah al-Mumtaḥanah shows a new category of non-Muslims, namely non-Muslims who are friendly with Muslims either with or without a peace agreement.
Keywords: friends-foes, surah al-Mumtaḥanah, thematic interpretation of the surah, ethnography