bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship of Aging and Smoking With Rotator Cuff Disease
Authors: Grusky Alan Z. , Giri Ayush , O’Hanlon Deirdre , Jain Nitin B. 
Published: June 2021

Objective
Despite rotator cuff disease being one of the most common causes of shoulder pain, its pathogenesis and biology are poorly understood. In this study, we synthesized evidence from studies reporting associations for aging and smoking status in relation to rotator cuff disease.

Design
A systematic review was performed using multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Science Direct). Articles that met our eligibility criteria and presented data on the association between aging and/or smoking status and rotator cuff disease were included. We performed meta-analyses and reported cumulative effects using odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Of the 212 articles eligible for full-text review, seven studies reported on the relationship between aging and rotator cuff disease, and 10 studies reported on the relationship between smoking and rotator cuff disease. Aging was consistently associated with increased odds of having rotator cuff disease when assessed continuously (per 10-yr increase: odds ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.18–1.21) or categorically (ages <40 yrs vs: [a] 40–44 yrs [odds ratio = 2.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.78–4.13], [b] 45–49 yrs [odds ratio = 4.33, 95% confidence interval = 2.88–6.55], and [c] ≥50 yrs [odds ratio = 6.97, 95% confidence interval = 4.85–10.01]). Assessing studies that reported smoking status as current smokers versus nonsmokers, current smokers were more likely to have rotator cuff disease (odds ratio = 1.94, 95% confidence interval = 1.52–2.48). However, a statistically significant association was not found when never smokers were compared with former smokers (odds ratio = 1.08, 95% confidence interval = 0.97–1.20) and to current smokers (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 0.87–1.07).

Conclusions
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, increasing age was a strong risk factor for rotator cuff disease. The finding that current smokers are more likely to have rotator cuff disease as compared with nonsmokers implies that cessation of smoking can potentially lead to mitigation of this risk factor.
A non-invasive system to measure heart rate in hard-shelled sea turtles: potential for field applications
Authors: Sakamoto Kentaro Q. , Miyayama Masaru , Kinoshita Chihiro , Fukuoka Takuya , Ishihara Takashi , Sato Katsufumi 
Published: June 2021

To measure the heart rate of unrestrained sea turtles, it has been believed that a probe must be inserted inside the body owing to the presence of the shell. However, inserting the probe is invasive and difficult to apply to animals in the field. Here, we have developed a non-invasive heart rate measurement method for some species of sea turtles. In our approach, an electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed using an animal-borne ECG recorder and two electrodes—which were electrically insulated from seawater—pasted on the carapace. Based on the measured ECG, the heartbeat signals were identified with an algorithm using a band-pass filter. We implemented this algorithm in a user-friendly program package, ECGtoHR. In experiments conducted in a water tank and in a lagoon, we successfully measured the heart rate of loggerhead, olive ridley and black turtles, but not green and hawksbill turtles. The average heart rate of turtles when resting underwater was 6.2 ± 1.9 beats min–1and that when moving at the surface was 14.0 ± 2.4 beats min–1. Our approach is particularly suitable for endangered species such as sea turtles, and has the potential to be extended to a variety of other free-ranging species.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Measuring physiology in free-living animals (Part I)’.
Captivity-induced behaviour and spatial learning abilities in an enigmatic, aquifer-dwelling blind eel,Rakthamichthys digressus
Authors: Vasan Tanvi , Das Prantik , Varma Vishwanath , Tiwari Anjani , Prakash Archana , Manilal Devika , Thomas Liju , Arjun C. P. , Philip Siby , Raghavan Rajeev , Binoy V.V. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe investigated the impact of captive life on behaviour and learning abilities in an enigmatic, aquifer-dwelling blind eel,Rakthamichthys digressus. Of eight major behavioural traits related to exploration and activity in a novel arena, four were significantly altered by life in captivity. While the startle response upon introduction into the arena and overall swimming away from the walls increased after captivity, inactivity exhibited immediately after the startle and the reaction to an external disturbance decreased. We also observed behavioural syndromes between ‘startle responses’ and ‘horizontal wall following’, and between ‘overall activity’ and ‘vertical wall following’; however, these behavioural syndromes were not altered by maintenance in captivity. Interestingly, this blind-eel failed to learn a simple spatial task in a Y-maze apparatus. Captive-associated behavioural changes inR. digressusmay influence their survival after reintroduction into natural habitats, and such changes must be taken into account while developing protocols for ex-situ conservation and subsequent release.
Shaping liposomes by cell-free expressed bacterial microtubules
Authors: Kattan Johannes , Doerr Anne , Dogterom Marileen , Danelon Christophe 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTGenetic control over a cytoskeletal network inside lipid vesicles offers a potential route to controlled shape changes and DNA segregation in synthetic cell biology. Bacterial microtubules (bMTs) are protein filaments found in bacteria of the genus Prosthecobacter. They are formed by the tubulins BtubA and BtubB which polymerize in the presence of GTP. Here, we show that the tubulins BtubA/B can be functionally expressed from DNA templates in a reconstituted transcription-translation system, thus providing a cytosol-like environment to study their biochemical and biophysical properties. We found that bMTs spontaneously interact with lipid membranes and display treadmilling. When compartmentalized inside liposomes, de novo synthesized BtubA/B tubulins self-organize into cytoskeletal structures of different morphologies. Moreover, bMTs can exert a pushing force on the membrane and deform liposomes, a phenomenon that can be reversed by light-activated disassembly of the filaments. Our work establishes bMTs as a new building block in synthetic biology. In the context of creating a synthetic cell, bMTs could help shape the lipid compartment, establish polarity or directional transport, and assist the division machinery.
Protein kinase J regulates Rv0642c expression and sensitivity to rifampicin of mycobacteria
Authors: Kumar Singh Diwakar , Tiwari Samir , Kripalata Kumari , Srivastava Kishore K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) persists for long-duration inside the human host in both active and latent form by modulating the immune response. The mechanisms employed by M.tb to survive inside the host and evade the host immune system need to be explored in greater depth for the rational design of novel treatment strategies. The phosphorylation and methylation of biomolecules need to be addressed in mycobacteria because it has an important role in infection establishment and persistence. In the present study, we elaxborate on the role of PknJ in the slow growth of BCG and its association with mmaA4 protein during extracellular and intracellular growth. The pknJ knock-out (KO) BCG has been used to decode the functional significance in mycobacteria. The mmaA4 expression and methyltransferase activity is decreased in knocked-out BCG strain (pknJ-/-) during extracellular growth, while mmaA4 expression and methyltransferase activity is increased during intracellular growth of mycobacteria. The knocked-out BCG strain is highly sensitive to the rifampicin antibiotics during extracellular growth in compared to control. A significant association of pknJ and mmaA4 was found in our studies during the growth and intracellular persistence of mycobacteria.
The U1 snRNP component RBP45d regulates temperature-responsive flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Chang Ping , Hsieh Hsin-Yu , Tu Shih-Long 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTPre-mRNA splicing is a crucial step of gene expression whereby the spliceosome produces constitutively and alternatively spliced transcripts that not only diversify the transcriptome but also play essential functions during plant development and responses to environmental changes. Numerous evidences indicate that regulation at the pre-mRNA splicing step is important for flowering time control, however the components and detailed mechanism underlying this process remain largely unknown. Here, we identified a previously unknown splicing factor in Arabidopsis thaliana, RNA BINDING PROTEIN 45d (RBP45d), a member of the RBP45/47 family. Using sequence comparison and biochemical analysis, we determined that RBP45d is a component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (U1 snRNP) with functions distinct from other family members. RBP45d associates with the U1 snRNP by interacting with pre-mRNA-processing factor 39a (PRP39a) and directly regulates alternative splicing (AS) for a specific set of genes. Plants with loss of RBP45d function exhibit defects in temperature-induced flowering potentially due to the mis-regulation of temperature-sensitive AS by RBP45d and PRP39a of the key flowering gene FLOWERING LOCUS M. Taken together, we report that RBP45d is a novel U1 snRNP component in plants that functions together with PRP39a in temperature-mediated flowering.
Multi-objective worker allocation optimisation in a multiple U-line system
Authors: Chutima Parames , Chimrakhang Jurairat 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate two operational modes of the worker allocation problem (WAP) in the multiple U-line system (MULS). Five objectives are optimised simultaneously for the most complicated operational modes, i.e. machine-dominant working and fixed-station walking. Besides, the benefits of using multiline workstations (MLWs) are investigated.Design/methodology/approachThe elite non-dominated sorting differential evolutionary III (ENSDE III) algorithm is developed as a solution technique. Also, the largest remaining available time heuristic is proposed as a baseline in determining the number and utilisation of workers when the use of MLWs is not allowed.FindingsENSDE III outperforms the cutting-edged multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, i.e. multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and non-dominated sorting differential evolutionary III, under two key Pareto metrics, i.e. generational distance and inverted generational distance, regardless of the problem size. The best-found number of workers from ENSDE III is substantially lower than the upper bound. The MULS with MLWs requires fewer workers than the one without.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this research has extended several issues in the basic model of multiple U-line systems, some assumptions were used to facilitate mathematical computation as follows. The U-line system in this research assumed that all lines were produced only a single product. Besides, all workers were well-trained to gain the same skill. These assumptions could be extended in the future.Practical implicationsThe implication of this research is the benefits of multiline workstations (MLWs) used in the multiple U-line system. Instead of leaving each individual line to operate independently, all lines should be working in parallel through the use of MLWs to gain benefits in terms of worker reduction, balancing worker’s workload, higher system utilisation.Originality/valueThis research is the first to address the WAP in the MULS with machine-dominant working and fixed-station walking modes. Worker’s fatigue due to standing and walking while working is incorporated into the model. The novel ENSDE III algorithm is developed to optimise the multi-objective WAP in a Pareto sense. The benefits of exploiting MLWs are also illustrated.
Thomas Cook(ed): using Altman's z-score analysis to examine predictors of financial bankruptcy in tourism and hospitality businesses
Authors: Goh Edmund , Mat Roni Saiyidi , Bannigidadmath Deepa 
Published: June 2021

PurposeFinancial bankruptcy is inevitable in the tourism and hospitality ecosystem. Despite the pertinence of tourism and hospitality businesses going into bankruptcy, limited studies have investigated the early warning signs and likelihood of a financial bankruptcy occurring in tourism and hospitality firms. This study examined the predictive value of financial ratios as potential indicators in predicting bankruptcy among tourism and hospitality firms.Design/methodology/approachAltman's z-score bankruptcy prediction model was applied through five key financial ratios to predict bankruptcy of the Thomas Cook Travel Group over a ten year period (2008–2018).FindingsThe key findings of this study strongly suggest that besides the size and location of the firm, financial ratios are reliable predictors and play a pivotal role in predicting the bankruptcy of a tourism and hospitality business.Practical implicationsThe paper provides key stakeholders to adopt checks and balances to identify financial distressed tourism firms through financial ratios.Originality/valueThis is the first academic paper to inspect the financial history of Thomas Cook Travel Group in a financial ratio context, particularly following the bankruptcy of the firm in 2019.
Lottery preference and stock market participation: evidence from China
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Wei Desheng , Liu Zhifeng , Wu Xihao 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis paper studies the effects of lottery preference on stock market participation at the macro level.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the abnormal search volume intensity for lottery-related keywords from the Baidu search engine to capture retail investors' lottery preference. To measure stock market participation, they use five different macro-level measures from various angles. They perform the time series regression analysis in their empirical study.FindingsFirst, the validation tests show that the lottery preference index in this study is reasonable. Further, the authors find that lottery preference increases people's propensity to enter and trade in the stock market. Besides, they find that the effect on trading behavior is asymmetric, that is, high lottery preference has a more significant impact on trading behavior than low lottery preference. However, lottery preference has no significant effect on the stockholding.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the growing literature that examines the determinants of stock market participation and the role of lottery/gambling preference in the financial market. It also provides direct and novel evidence for Statman's (2002) conclusions about the similarity of lottery players and stock traders.
Process voltage temperature analysis of MOS based balanced pseudo-resistors for biomedical analog circuit applications
Authors: Sharma Kulbhushan , Pathania Anisha , Madan Jaya , Pandey Rahul , Sharma Rajnish 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Adoption of integrated MOS based pseudo-resistor (PR) structures instead of using off-chip passive poly resistors for analog circuits in complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology (CMOS) is an area-efficient way for realizing larger time constants. However, issue of common-mode voltage shifting and excess dependency on the process and temperature variations introduce nonlinearity in such structures. So there is dire need to not only closely look for the origin of the problem with the help of a thorough mathematical analysis but also suggest the most suitable PR structure for the purpose catering broadly to biomedical analog circuit applications.

Design/methodology/approach
In this work, incremental resistance (IR) expressions and IR range for balanced PR (BPR) structures operating in the subthreshold region have been closely analyzed for broader range of process-voltage-temperature variations. All the post-layout simulations have been obtained using BSIM3V3 device models in 0.18 µm standard CMOS process.

Findings
The obtained results show that the pertinent problem of common-mode voltage shifting in such PR structures is completely resolved in scaled gate linearization and bulk-driven quasi-floating gate (BDQFG) BPR structures. Among all BPR structures, BDQFG BPR remarkably shows constant IR value of 1 TΩ over −1 V to 1 V voltage swing for wider process and temperature variations.

Research limitations/implications
Various balanced PR design techniques reported in this work will help the research community in implementing larger time constants for analog-mixed signal circuits.

Social implications
The PR design techniques presented in the present piece of work is expected to be used in developing tunable and accurate biomedical prosthetics.

Originality/value
The BPR structures thoroughly analyzed and reported in this work may be useful in the design of analog circuits specifically for applications such as neural signal recording, cardiac electrical impedance tomography and other low-frequency biomedical applications.
Exploring the motivations to participate in an online brand community: a study of 7–11-year-old children
Authors: Thomas Robert James , White Gareth Reginald Terence , Samuel Anthony 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to understand what motivates 7–11-year-old children to participate in online brand communities (OBCs). Prior research has concentrated on prescriptive product categories (games and gaming), predominantly adolescent groups and the social aspects of community engagement and actual behaviour within communities, rather than the motivations to participate with the OBC. This has ultimately limited what has been gleaned, both theoretically and managerially, from this important segment.Design/methodology/approachAn interpretive, longitudinal position is adopted, using a sample of 261 children (113 male and 148 female) from across the UK, using event-based diaries over a 12-month period, generating 2,224 entries.FindingsData indicate that children are motivated to participate in a brand community for four reasons: to support and ameliorate pre-purchase anxieties, resolve interpersonal conflicts, exact social dominance in terms of product ownership and perceptions of product knowledge and to actively engage in digitalised pester power. The study also reveals that certain motivational aspects such as conflict resolution and exacting dominance, are gender-specific.Research limitations/implicationsKnowledge of children’s motivation to engage with OBCs is important for marketers and brand managers alike as the data reveal markedly different stimuli when compared to known adult behaviours in the field. Given the nature of the study, scope exists for significant future research.Practical implicationsThe study reveals behaviours that will assist brand managers in further understanding the complex and untraditional relationships that children have with brands and OBCs.Originality/valueThis study makes a novel examination of a hitherto little-explored segment of consumers. In doing so, it uncovers the theoretical and practical characteristics of child consumers that contemporary, adult-focussed literature does not recognise. The paper makes an additional contribution to theory by positing four new behavioural categories relating to community engagement – dependers, defusers, demanders and dominators – and four new motivational factors which are fundamentally different from adult taxonomies – social hegemony, parental persuasion, dilemma solving and conflict resolution.
Stability analysis on the kerosene nanofluid flow with hybrid zinc/aluminum-oxide (ZnO-Al2O3) nanoparticles under Lorentz force
Authors: Zhang LiJun , Nazar Tayyaba , Bhatti M.M. , Michaelides Efstathios E. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The flow and heat transfer of a hybrid nanofluid composed of kerosene and ZnO-Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) is investigated. The flow occurs over complex surfaces with stretching and shrinking features. The base fluid is electrically conducting, and an external magnetic field is added so that the nanofluid and the electric field are in equilibrium. Irrotational flow with viscous dissipation effects is considered.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing equations of the system are formulated, and a similarity transformation is used to convert the system of equations into ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically. The friction coefficient of the flow and the Nusselt number are calculated for a wide range of parameters, and the results are presented in graphical form. In addition, dual solutions of the problem were noticed to occur for a certain range of the unsteadiness parameter. A stability analysis has been performed and presented to elucidate the behavior of these dual solutions.

Findings
For the solution of the upper branch, the velocity and temperature profiles of the nanofluid are enhanced by increasing the magnetic field parameter M, but the same variables decrease in the solution of the lower branch. The same trend is detected for the velocity of the fluid with the suction parameter. The temperature of the nanofluid decreases in both branches of the solution by increasing the Prandtl number. Similarly, they decrease with the suction parameter. The temperature of the nanofluid slightly increases in both branches of the solution by increasing the Eckert number. With the stability analysis the authors performed, it was determined that the solution is stable in the upper branch, but unstable in the lower branch.

Originality/value
The kerosene nanofluid with hybrid Zinc/Aluminum-oxide is presented for the first time in the literature.
Instability of hydromagnetic Couette flow for hybrid nanofluid through porous media with small suction and injection effects
Authors: Tiam Kapen Pascalin , Njingang Ketchate Cédric Gervais , Fokwa DIdier , Tchuen Ghislain 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate a linear and temporal stability analysis of hybrid nanofluid flow between two parallel plates filled with a porous medium and whose lower plate is fixed and the upper plate animated by a uniform rectilinear motion.

Design/methodology/approach
The nanofluid is composed of water as a regular fluid, silver (Ag) and alumina (Al2O3) as nanoparticles. The mathematical model takes into account other effects such as the magnetic field and the aspiration (injection/suction). Under the assumption of a low magnetic Reynolds number, a modified Orr–Sommerfeld-type eigenvalue differential equation governing flow stability was derived and solved numerically by Chebyshev’s spectral collocation method. The effects of parameters such as volume fraction, Darcy number, injection/suction Reynolds number, Hartmann number were analyzed.

Findings
It was found the following: the Darcy number affects the stability of the flow, the injection/suction Reynolds number has a negligible effect, the volume fraction damped disturbances and the magnetic field plays a very important role in enlarging the area of flow stability.

Originality/value
The originality of this work resides in the linear and temporal stability analysis of hydromagnetic Couette flow for hybrid nanofluid through porous media with small suction and injection effects.