bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NTRK fusion analysis reveals enrichment in Middle Eastern BRAF wild-type PTC
Authors: Kong Yan , Bu Rong , Parvathareddy Sandeep Kumar , Siraj Abdul K , Siraj Nabil , Al-Sobhi Saif S , Al-Dayel Fouad , Al-Kuraya Khawla S 
Published: February 2021

Objective
Fusions involving neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) are known oncogenic drivers in a broad range of tumor types. It recently gained attention as a predictor of targeted therapy since selective NTRK inhibitors are now approved in the US and Europe for patients with solid tumors harboring gene fusions. However, estimation of NTRK gene fusion/alteration frequency and its clinicopathological characteristics in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is limited, especially in a population with high incidence for PTC like Middle Eastern population. This study aims to characterize the NTRK gene fusion frequency and investigate the utility of pan-Trk immunohistochemistry (IHC) as predictor of NTRK fusion in a large cohort of Middle Eastern PTC.

Methods
FISH analysis for NTRK gene fusions and pan-Trk IHC was performed on 315 Middle Eastern PTCs. Correlation of NTRK gene fusion and protein expression with clinicopathological markers and patient outcome were determined.

Results
In our cohort, 6.0% (19/315) patients showed NTRK gene fusions and were significantly associated with pediatric PTC (P  = 0.0143), lymph node metastasis (P  = 0.0428) and BRAF WT tumors (P  < 0.0001). Pan-Trk IHC was positive in 9.2% (29/315) of cases and significantly associated with NTRK fusions, with a sensitivity of 73.7% and specificity of 94.9% in this cohort.

Conclusions
This study confirms the presence of NTRK fusions in Middle Eastern PTC which is significantly enriched in BRAF WT as well as pediatric age group and proposes the usefulness of IHC to screen for PTC patients with NTRK fusion that might benefit from TRK inhibitors.
Exploring the underlying mechanism of action of a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Youdujing ointment, for cervical cancer treatment
Authors: Zhang Lei , Lv Ji , Xiao Ming , Yang Li , Zhang Le 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundA traditional Chinese medicine formula, Youdujing (YDJ) ointment, is widely used for treatment of human papilloma virus‐related diseases, such as cervical cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms by which active compounds of YDJ alleviates cervical cancer are still unclear.MethodsWe applied a comprehensive network pharmacology approach to explore the key mechanisms of YDJ by integrating potential target identification, network analysis, and enrichment analysis into classical molecular docking procedures. First, we used network and enrichment analyses to identify potential therapeutic targets. Second, we performed molecular docking to investigate the potential active compounds of YDJ. Finally, we carried out a network‐based analysis to unravel potentially effective drug combinations.ResultsNetwork analysis yielded four potential therapeutic targets: ESR1, NFKB1, TNF, and AKT1. Molecular docking highlighted that these proteins may interact with four potential active compounds of YDJ: E4, Y2, Y20, and Y21. Finally, we found that Y2 or Y21 can act alone or together with E4 to trigger apoptotic cascades via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and estrogen receptors.ConclusionOur study not only explained why YDJ is effective for cervical cancer treatment, but also lays a strong foundation for future clinical studies based on this traditional medicine.
Intent, Substance, and Care: Characteristics of Adolescent Ingestion Hospitalizations
Authors: Titus Lauren , Stephany Alyssa , Porada Kelsey , McFadden Vanessa 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To characterize the patient population of adolescents hospitalized at a tertiary center for ingestions and identify opportunities to improve health care delivered and resources offered to these adolescents.

METHODS:
Retrospective study of a consecutive sample of adolescent patients (12–18 years old) discharged from the hospitalist service at a large academic pediatric tertiary care center from May 2017 through April 2018. Data were collected regarding patient and hospital encounter characteristics including length of stay, admission service, reason for ingestion, substance(s) ingested, previous suicidal ideation (SI) screening, sexual history documentation, pregnancy testing, disposition at discharge and follow-up with primary care physicians (PCPs).

RESULTS:
Most hospitalizations for ingestions were reported as intentional suicide attempts (79%). Most commonly, adolescents ingested exclusively prescription medications (45%) or over-the-counter medications (32%). Of adolescents with a reported suicide attempt for whom PCP records were available, 56% did not have SI screening documented in the medical record. One-quarter of adolescents hospitalized for an ingestion did not have a sexual history documented, and 11% of female patients were not tested for pregnancy before discharge. A majority (66%) of the adolescents with PCP records available did not follow-up with their PCP within 2 months after their hospitalization.

CONCLUSIONS:
On the basis of our study results, opportunities to improve adolescent health include increased screening for SI and mental health symptoms throughout medical environments, comprehensive risk assessment of all adolescents hospitalized for an ingestion and increased guidance for caregivers of adolescents regarding prescription and over-the-counter medication storage in the home.
Identifying Children With Medical Complexity From the National Survey of Children’s Health Combined 2016–17 Data Set
Authors: Yu Justin A. , McKernan Gina , Hagerman Thomas , Schenker Yael , Houtrow Amy 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To develop a method of identifying children with medical complexity (CMC) from the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) 2016–2017 combined data set, to compare this approach to existing CMC identification strategies, and to describe sociodemographic characteristics of our CMC sample.

METHODS:
Using survey items pertinent to the medical complexity domains in the style by Cohen et al (chronic health conditions, health service needs, health care use, and functional limitations), we created a schema to categorize children as CMC by applying a 95th percentile cutoff for survey item positivity. We applied existing CMC identification techniques to the NSCH. We used 2-proportion z tests to compare the classification output of our CMC identification method to those of existing approaches. We used χ2 analyses to examine relationships between child and family characteristics, comparing CMC with children with special health care needs (CSHCN) and children with no special health care needs.

RESULTS:
Among the 71 811 children in the sample, 1.5% were classified as CMC by our method, representing almost 1.2 million children (weighted) in the United States in 2016–2017. CSHCN and children with no special health care needs represented 17.2% (weighted n = 12.6 million) and 81.2% (weighted n = 59.6 million) of the sample, respectively. Our approach classified a significantly smaller number of CSHCN as CMC than existing CMC identification methods, which classified 3.9% to 13.2% of the 2016–2017 NSCH sample as more complex (P &lt; .001). CMC status was significantly associated with male sex, minority race or ethnicity, and experiencing socioeconomic adversity (all P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
This method enables standardized identification of CMC from NSCH data sets, thus allowing for an examination of CMC health outcomes, pertinent to pediatric hospitalist medicine, contained in the survey.
Trends in Dispensed Opioid Analgesic Prescriptions to Children in South Carolina: 2010–2017
Authors: Basco William T. , McCauley Jenna L. , Zhang Jingwen , Mauldin Patrick D. , Simpson Kit N. , Heidari Khosrow , Marsden Justin E. , Ball Sarah J. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Despite published declines in opioid prescribing and dispensing to children in the past decade, in few studies have researchers evaluated all children in 1 state or examined changes in mean daily opioid dispensed. In this study, we evaluated changes in the rate of dispensed opioid analgesics and the mean daily opioid dispensed to persons 0 to 18 years old in 1 state over an 8-year period.

METHODS:
We identified opioid analgesics dispensed to children 0 to 18 years old between 2010 and 2017 using South Carolina prescription drug monitoring program data. We used generalized linear regression analyses to examine changes over time in the following: (1) rate of dispensed opioid prescriptions and (2) mean daily morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) per prescription.

RESULTS:
From the first quarter of 2010 to the end of the fourth quarter of 2017, the quarterly rate of opioids dispensed decreased from 18.68 prescriptions per 1000 state residents to 12.03 per 1000 residents (P &lt; .0001). The largest declines were among the oldest individuals, such as the 41.2% decline among 18-year-olds. From 2010 through 2017, the mean daily MME dispensed declined by 7.6%, from 40.7 MMEs per day in 2010 to 37.6 MMEs per day in 2017 (P &lt; .0001), but the decrease was limited to children 0 to 9 years old.

CONCLUSIONS:
The rate of opioid analgesic prescriptions dispensed to children 0 to 18 years old in South Carolina declined by 35.6% over the years 2010–2017; however, the MME dispensed per day declined minimally, suggesting that more can be done to improve opioid prescribing and dispensing.
Propiedades psicométricas del Test de Dependencia al Teléfono Móvil (TDMB) en Argentina y sus relaciones con la impulsividad
Authors: Durao Marian , Etchezahar Edgardo , Ungaretti Joaquín , Calligaro Carolina 
Published: February 2021

El uso de teléfonos celulares ha aumentado exponencialmente en la mayoría de los países del mundo. Desde una perspectiva psicológica, se han desarrollado diferentes técnicas para evaluar el nivel de dependencia hacia el uso del teléfono móvil, y el test TDMB es una de las más utilizadas. Objetivo. El objetivo principal del trabajo fue realizar la adaptación y validación al contexto argentino del cuestionario TDMB y sus relaciones con la impulsividad. Método. Participaron del estudio 339 adultos residentes en Argentina, con edades entre los 18 y 65 años (M = 37.66; DT = 12.87), siendo el 74.3% mujeres. La batería de evaluación incluyó el TDMD, la UPPS-P para evaluar impulsividad y variables ad-hoc relacionadas con el uso del teléfono celular. Resultados. Se obtuvieron propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para la versión argentina del TDMB. Asimismo, se observaron relaciones entre todas las dimensiones del cuestionario y la impulsividad, como también diferencias según la edad y el sexo de los participantes. Se discuten los alcances y límites de la prueba, así como sus relaciones con la impulsividad y el uso cotidianodel teléfono móvil.
Time‐resolved in situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy imaging of the corrosion dynamics of AA2024‐T3 using a new design of cell
Authors: Kreta Ahmed , Gaberšček Miran , Muševič Igor 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAn electrochemical cell was designed to enable in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The finite‐element method was implemented using COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the electrical field within the cell and to find the current and potential distribution. A comparative three‐dimensional simulation study was made to compare two different designs and to elucidate the importance of the geometry on the electrical field distribution. The design was optimized to reduce the uncertainty in the measurement of the electrochemical impedance. Then, an in situ, simultaneous electrochemical and time‐resolved AFM experiments were conducted to study the surface evolution of the aluminum alloy AA2024‐T3 exposed to 0.5 M NaCl. The temporal change of the surface topography was recorded during the application of chrono‐amperometric pulses using a newly designed electrochemical cell. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was conducted on the sample to confirm the recorded topographical change. The newly developed cell made it possible to monitor the surface change and the growth of the oxyhydroxide layer on the AA2024‐T3 with the simultaneous application of electrochemical methods.
O deserto, a sede, a vida: diálogo entre a teologia e a poesia de João Cabral de Melo Neto
Authors: Bingemer Maria Clara Lucchetti 
Published: February 2021

O deserto é uma metáfora muito importante e presente na vida e na experiência espiritual da Bíblia. A dureza geográfica e a sede real dos que atravessam regiões desérticas e secas encontra seu correlato na sede que o ser humano tem de vida em situações de injustiça e opressão. Este artigo procura reunir e fazer dialogar esses elementos ao examinar alguns textos bíblicos e a poesia de João Cabral de Melo Neto, escritor e diplomata brasileiro que este ano celebra centenário. O poema dramático, Morte e Vida Severina será o texto do escritor por nós analisado. Analisamos o poema em si mesmo, comentando alguns de seus versos que mostram uma progressão de Severino pelo deserto espacial que habita em busca de vida, que finalmente se revela na epifania da vida nova do outro, que nasce e invade a desesperança e a morte. Procuraremos concluir trazendo algumas reflexões que a teologia latino-americana tem feito nas últimas décadas sobre os temas trabalhados pela poesia de João Cabral e aterrissando no desafio que ambos os discursos – o teológico e o poético – apresentam para a vida humana e de toda a criação nos tempos que correm.
Exploring the use of grammatical metaphor in Indonesian EFL learners’ academic writing
Authors: Afifi Nur 
Published: February 2021

Grammatical metaphor is considered to be the key linguistic resource in the creation of academic discourse. In a pedagogical context, identification of grammatical metaphor in students’ writing can be used as a measurement of students’ academic literacy level to determine actions to improve the existing situation. In Indonesian EFL context, students’ grammatical metaphor deployment and development has not been much studied, despite its strategic role in improving students’ academic literacy. This paper presents a first step towards understanding Indonesian tertiary students’ linguistic strengths and weaknesses in academic literacy through the identification of ideational grammatical metaphor deployment and development. Using cross-sectional data from first year and third year students in a State Islamic College in a rural area of Indonesia, the students’ academic writing were analyzed for the deployment of experiential grammatical metaphor. The findings show that the two groups of different levels of participants deployed similar types of reconstrual of experiential grammatical metaphor. Process to Thing transcategorisation was the most frequent type of experiential grammatical metaphor reconstrual across the two groups, while Relator to Process was the most frequent logical grammatical metaphor reconstrual in both groups. Third-year students surpassed the first-year group in the frequency and proportion of instances of grammatical metaphor deployment. This study has shown that the development of learners’ academic writing was limited. Thus, it was suggested that a more explicit pedagogy to expose students to grammatical metaphor and more basic lexicogrammar teaching to enable the students to write academic texts is warranted.
An Empirical Test of the Export-Led Model in the Member Countries of the Andean Community (Comunidad Andina de Naciones – CAN)
Authors: Carvajal Alexander , López Oscar 
Published: February 2021

This paper seeks to empirically test the applicability of the export-led model to the economies of the countries belonging to the Andean Community (Comunidad Andina de Naciones – CAN) by verifying the export-led growth (ELG) hypothesis, which indicates that gross domestic product (GDP) behavior is based on export (EXP) dynamics. This hypothesis was tested for Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The methodology used was the application of Johansen cointegration and Block Exogeneity Wald tests to identify Granger causality between variables of the natural logarithms of EXP and GDP. The results obtained show that the causal effect of exports on GDP can only be rejected for the Bolivian economy. Lastly, the main conclusion of this study is that the economic policies of the CAN member countries should not assume that the export sectors are the foundations of their respective economies. Therefore, the CAN governments should not introduce economic policies that prioritize the expansion of the export sector.
COVID-19 management in heart transplanted recipients: registry of Almazov National Medical Research Centre
Authors: Simonenko M. A. , Fedotov P. A. , Sazonova Yu. V. , Monosova K. I. , Sitnikova M. Yu. , Nikolaev G. V. , Gordeev M. L. , Karpenko M. A. 
Published: February 2021

Aim This study presents the experience of managing patients with COVID-19 after cardiac transplantation (CT).Material and methods Infectious complications (IC) following CT are a leading cause for morbidity and mortality. A prolonged incubation period, atypical IC symptoms, and originally altered results of laboratory and instrumental diagnosis are characteristic of recipients due to immunosuppression. In 2020, the coronavirus infection (COVID-19) rapidly spread worldwide, and timely diagnosis and searching for effective treatments for this disease became a major challenge. From January 2010 through July 2020, 148 patients received orthotopic heart transplants at the V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center; 34 of these patients died by the present time and were excluded from this analysis. 114 patients were included into the retrospective evaluation of results. These patients had been a part of the group followed up at the Center for more than a month.Results From March through July 2020, 12 (10.5 %) of 114 CT recipients were infected with the virus SARS-CoV-2. In 75 % (n=9) of the sick patients, the COVID-19 infection developed after more than one year after CT. From the first day of clinical symptoms, mycophenolic acid/everolimus were temporarily suspended. The outpatient treatment was started on the first day and included an antiviral therapy (oseltamivir), mucolytics (bromhexine), vitamin C, and anticoagulants. If the disease onset was associated with pyretic fever the empiric antibacterial levofloxacin treatment was administered due to a high risk of mixed infection. Hospitalized patients with moderately severe COVID-19 (n=3) were treated with oxygen inhalation through nasal cannula and prone position with a positive effect.Conclusion Remote counseling of patients after CT and consistency of the outpatient treatment with recommendations of managing transplant physicians provided timely diagnosis of IC, early administration of treatment, and the absence of COVID-19 complications. Reducing the regimen of immunosuppressive therapy (antiproliferative agents) for up to 14 days facilitated infection control and was not associated with acute rejection crisis and/or impairment of the transplant function.
The effect of head tilt angle in the roll plane on the virtual subjective visual vertical results in healthy adults
Authors: Rezvani Amin Mahmoud , Shaabani Moslem , Vahedi Mohsen 
Published: February 2021

Background and Aim: The subjective visual vertical (SVV) is commonly considered as an indicator of the sense of orientation and attributed to the utricular function. The present study examined the impact of different head tilt angles on SVV among the normal individuals.
Methods: SVV was measured in 47 normal participants (30 males and 17 females; mean ± SD age: 22.14 ± 3.46) using a virtual goggle and forced-choice paradigm and was applied twice in 0º, 15º, 30° and 45º to the left or to the right. In addition, difference in mean of SVV in zero and non-zero positions was compared.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the mean SVV results of 0º and 15º (p ˂ 0.001). The comparison of mean SVV results between 0º and 30º, and between 0º and 45º were not significant (p > 0.05). In addition, comparison of SVV results between rightward and leftward tilt of 15º was statistically significant (p ˂ 0.001). The latter comparison was not significant for 30º and 45º (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results showed that head tilt angle of 15º have a substantial impact on the virtual SVV. These findings must be taken into account in the growing body of research that uses the SVV paradigm in clinical populations.
Keywords: Head tilt angle; subjective visual vertical; virtual goggle; roll plane; utricle; healthy adults
El fin de la era de los grandes editores de prensa y la emergencia de los nuevos modelos digitales. La reconversión del negocio de la información en España en las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI
Authors: Sánchez Illán Juan Carlos , Luena Lopez César 
Published: February 2021

Durante el siglo XX la prevalencia de grandes editores, con unos perfiles políticos y empresariales muy acusados, como Nicolás María de Urgoiti, Luis Montiel Balanzat y Ángel Herrera Oria, así como de auténticas dinastías periodísticas, presidieron el panorama editorial e ideológico de la prensa española de una forma relativamente nítida. La muerte en 2007 del que puede ser considerado el último de los grandes editores clásicos, Jesús de Polanco, marcó, en buena medida, el final de una era en la edición española, conocida globalmente como la de los grandes magnates de la comunicación periodística.
En las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI se ha asistido a la aparición de nuevos promotores de prensa, orientados a la edición de medios nacidos en el ecosistema digital. En este trabajo se aborda este cambio de paradigma editorial por medio de entrevistas y con métodos de análisis esencialmente cualitativos. Para ello, se sigue como filosofía de base la propuesta orteguiana del análisis vital de la trayectoria de los protagonistas y de sus medios periodísticos dentro de su circunstancia histórica, como fundamental elemento explicativo.
Colonialidad del saber – educación ambiental: la necesidad de diálogos de saberes
Authors: Eschenhagen Maria Luisa 
Published: February 2021

Este artículo es una reflexión sobre la educación ambiental en las universidades, entendida como la adquisición de criterios ambientales para tomar decisiones responsables con y frente a la vida. En este texto se indagan las raíces de la forma en que Occidente moderno ha entendido el concepto de ambiente y las distintas perspectivas políticas, económicas y sociales que atraviesan su comprensión, para, después, proponer la necesidad de diversificar dichos puntos de vista, de tal modo que se amplíen las formas de entender las problemáticas ambientales. Si se revisa cómo se entiende el concepto de ambiente, cambia la forma de entender los problemas ambientales. A través de un escrutinio documental crítico, este artículo presenta el contexto y la concepción de ambiente. Luego, se introduce la noción de modernidad/colonialidad y la importancia de la colonialidad del saber para demostrar cómo influye en la idea de naturaleza. Finalmente, se presenta un diálogo de saberes y se propone la perspectiva de la hermenéutica diatópica, que ayuda a disolver posibles malentendidos, por ejemplo, en torno la propuesta de la “naturaleza como sujeto de derecho”.