bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). X. Studying Deuteration at High Angular Resolution toward Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Cataldi Gianni , Yamato Yoshihide , Aikawa Yuri , Bergner Jennifer B. , Furuya Kenji , Guzmán Viviana V. , Huang Jane , Loomis Ryan A. , Qi Chunhua , Andrews Sean M. , Bergin Edwin A. , Booth Alice S. , Bosman Arthur D. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Czekala Ian , Ilee John D. , Law Charles J. , Le Gal Romane , Liu Yao , Long Feng , Ménard François , Nomura Hideko , Öberg Karin I. , Schwarz Kamber R. , Teague Richard , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David J. , Zhang Ke 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Deuterium fractionation is dependent on various physical and chemical parameters. Thus, the formation location and thermal history of material in the solar system is often studied by measuring its D/H ratio. This requires knowledge about the deuteration processes operating during the planet formation era. We aim to study these processes by radially resolving the DCN/HCN (at 0.″3 resolution) and N2D+/N2H+ (∼0.″3–0.″9) column density ratios toward the five protoplanetary disks observed by the Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming scales (MAPS) Large Program. DCN is detected in all five sources, with one newly reported detection. N2D+ is detected in four sources, two of which are newly reported detections. We derive column density profiles that allow us to study the spatial variation of the DCN/HCN and N2D+/N2H+ ratios at high resolution. DCN/HCN varies considerably for different parts of the disks, ranging from 10−3 to 10−1. In particular, the inner-disk regions generally show significantly lower HCN deuteration compared with the outer disk. In addition, our analysis confirms that two deuterium fractionation channels are active, which can alter the D/H ratio within the pool of organic molecules. N2D+ is found in the cold outer regions beyond ∼50 au, with N2D+/N2H+ ranging between 10−2 and 1 across the disk sample. This is consistent with the theoretical expectation that N2H+ deuteration proceeds via the low-temperature channel only. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
İran’da Afet Yönetimin Teşkilatlanması
Authors: BASHİRİ Yousef 
Published: November 2021

Yirmi birinci yüzyılda, dünya genelinde deprem, sel, kuraklık, tsunami gibi doğal afetlerin yanı sıra çeşitli yapay afetler de (örneğin teknoloji kaynaklı afetler) görülmekte olup insan bu afetlerle yaşanmaya devam etmektedir. Bu afetlerin özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yönetilmesi konusunda mevcut afet yönetim sistemlerinin yeterli düzeyde olması büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Afet yönetim sürecinin başında bazı ülkelerde cumhurbaşkanı, bazı ülkelerde ise içişleri bakanı ya da diğer bakanlar yer alabilmektedir. İran’ın afet yönetim sürecinin başında ise cumhurbaşkanı bulunmaktadır. İl düzeyinde afet yönetiminde ise valinin ve valinin yanında diğer yerel yöneticilerin de çeşitli sorumlulukları vardır.
Dünya genelinde en çok afet gerçekleşen ülkeler arasında İran, ilk on sıra içerisinde yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle afet yönetim sistemlerini tanımak ve tanıtmak, bu sistemlerin gelişmesinde önemli role sahiptir.
Doktora tezinin bir parçası olan bu çalışmada afet ve kriz kavramı ile bunların özellikleri ve afet yönetiminin teorik çerçevesi sunulduktan sonra İran afet yönetimi, kamu yönetimi ve bunun yerel yönetimi üzerinde teşkilatlanması ile sivil toplumun yeri tanımlanmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Afet Yönetimi, Kriz, Yerel Yönetim
ABSTRACT:
In the twenty-first century, in addition to natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, droughts and tsunamis, various artificial disasters (for example, technology-related disasters) are seen throughout the world, and people continue to live with these disasters. It is of great importance that the existing disaster management systems are adequate for the management of these disasters, especially in developing countries.
In some countries, the president of the country and the interior minister or other ministers may take place at the beginning of the disaster management process. The head of Iran's disaster management process is the president. In disaster management at the provincial level, besides the governor and the governor, other local administrators also have various responsibilities.
Iran is among the top ten countries in the world with the most disasters. For this reason, getting to know and introducing disaster management systems has an important role in the development of these systems.
In this study, which is a part of the doctoral thesis, after presenting the concept of disaster and crisis, their characteristics and the theoretical framework of disaster management, Iran disaster management, public administration and its organization on local administration and the place of civil society are defined.
Evaluating Search Methods for Identifying Candidates for Novel Biologically Inspired Sunscreens
Authors: Shen Yu Hong , Hesselberg Thomas 
Published: November 2021

As the Earth's ozone layer, which blocks harmful UV radiation from reaching Earth's surface, becomes thinner, sunscreens have become one the most used and most important cosmetic products in recent decades. However, UV filters (both organic and inorganic) in the current synthetic sunscreen are found to affect the marine ecosystem negatively. They pollute the marine environment and cause damage to organisms’ reproductive and digestive systems (from microorganisms to mammals). Here, we use biologically inspired design with a problem and sustainability-driven approach to identify a possible plant or animal-inspired ingredients that could be extracted and used to obtain high protection from the sun while minimizing toxicity to human skin and pollution of the marine environment. We used Google, Google Scholar, and AskNature to identify solutions and evaluate their effectiveness. While the three search methods did not differ statistically in the number of initial solutions found, Google was perhaps surprisingly the one that generated the most hits. However, in terms of the most promising solutions, AskNature generated the most. We identified nine solutions with a particularly high potential based on their UV absorption and potential for mass production for further development: raspberry seed oil, nanoparticles of ivy rootlets, cuticular wax of dwarf mountain pine, lichen extract, MAAs from cyanobacteria, MAAs from dinoflagellates, red sweat of hippopotamus, mucus from mushroom coral, and gadusol compound from marine organisms of which we found that nanoparticles of ivy rootlets, lichen extracts, and gadusol to be especially promising.
INCIDÊNCIA DE INFECÇÕES DE SÍTIO CIRÚRGICO EM CIRURGIAS LIMPAS EM CLÍNICAS CIRÚRGICAS DE UM HOSPITAL ONCOLÓGICO DA REGIÃO NORTE
Authors: Soares Rute Caroline Ramos , Soares Felipe da Costa , Ferreira Luiz Felipe Batista , Oliveira Josiane Macedo de , Almeida Priscila do Nascimento Cordeiro , Lima Karla Valéria Batista , Moura Darwin Ciro Nascimento de , Silva Junior Ademir Ferreira da 
Published: November 2021

A Infecção de Sítio Cirúrgico (ISC) é caracterizada como uma complicação pós-cirúrgica que ocorre no local da incisão, decorrente de aspectos clínicos do paciente e/ou do manejo incorreto das técnicas que garantem a segurança dos procedimentos, elevando a probabilidade de intercorrências em cirurgias classificadas como limpas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a incidência de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em cirurgias de mastologia, cardíaca e torácica de um hospital oncológico da Região Norte, destacando as condições predisponentes e os agentes etiológicos envolvidos no surgimento das infecções. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória com abordagem quantitativa, retrospectiva, realizada com 2.811 pacientes, no período de 2013-2020. O estudo constatou que 17 (0,6%) pacientes apresentaram infecções, sendo 13 (76,47%) do sexo feminino e 4 (23,52%) do sexo masculino. Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus Coagulase Negativo (17,65%) foram os agentes etiológicos mais notificados nas ISC. A ferida operatória foi o principal fator de risco para a ISC (33,33%). Portanto, o artigo procura prover conhecimento atualizado sobre os fatores de risco relacionados à ISC para ajudar nas intervenções de controle nos hospitais.
Palavras-chave: Infecção Hospitalar. Epidemiologia. Cirurgias.
Aspectos controvertidos no uso da prova digital no ordenamento jurídico Brasileiro
Authors: Hanthorne Bruna de Oliveira Cordeiro , Berberi Marco Antonio Lima 
Published: November 2021

A prova digital é o objeto em análise da pesquisa. O objetivo do trabalho de investigação é levantar os principais aspectos contraditórios concernentes a utilização da prova digital em relação a prova e meios probatórios tradicionais. Desenvolve em três principais etapas: (i) primeira trata analisar o objeto mediante metodologia teórico dogmática com realização de levantamento sistemático qualitativo de doutrina na perspectiva dedutiva para delimitação conceitual, caracterização probatória e natureza de prova e prova digital; (ii) segunda etapa recebe característica empíricas na observância da regra e da efetiva prática judicial, o ensaio compara a normalização da lei com a realização prática percebendo discrepâncias entre regra válida e jurisprudência efetivada, o experimento possibilita perceber como ocorre a admissibilidade da prova digital, recebe os atributos de autenticidade, integridade e confiabilidade; (iii) terceira etapa une as duas anteriores habilitando elencar aspectos controvertidos da prova digital, neste estudo delimitando-se na área do direito processual civil. Conclui demonstrando alguns casos que indicam a existência de fragilidades teóricas, necessidade de aprimoramento das normas e a utilização prática que indica descompasso entre a validade e a efetividade da norma quando trata da utilização das provas no âmbito do direito digital.
KOMPARASI AKURASI MODEL M-SCORE DAN Z-SCORE DALAM MENDETEKSI FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING
Authors: Edi Purnomo Djauhar , Islamiyati Dian 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris akurasi dua model Fraudulent Financial Reporting antara analisis M-Score dan Z-Score pada perusahaan Manufaktur yang Listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018-2019. Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian kuantitatif dan data yang digunakan ialah data sekunder. Populasi penelitian ini ialah seluruh perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2018-2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditetapkan, diperoleh sampel sebanyak 53 perusahaan dengan tahun pengamatan 2 tahun. Jumlah data uang diteliti 106 laporan perusahaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini, berdasarkan perhitungan menggunakan M-Score terdapat 67 perusahaan tergolong manipulator. Sedangkan berdasarkan perhitungan menggunakan Z-Score terdapat 49 perusahaan tergolong fraud/kebangkrutan. Hasil perhitungan tingkat akurasi dan tipe error model M-Score dan Z-Sore yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tingkat akurasi model m-score sebesar 37% dengan tipe error sebesar 60% sedangkan tingkat akurasi model z-score sebesar 64% dengan tipe error 40%. Namun menurut hasil uji beda Z antara kedua model, angka tersebut tidak menjelaskan tingkat akurasi Z-Score lebih tinggi dari M-Scrore karena tidak terdapat perbedaan M-Score dan Z-Score pada pengujian fraudulent financial reporting.
Kata Kunci: Fraudulent Financial Reporting, Benish M-Score, Altman Z-Score
PENGARUH KETEGASAN SANKSI, PENGETAHUAN, TAX AMNESTY, KUALITAS PELAYANAN FISKUS, KESADARAN, PENERAPAN E-SPT, TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI
Authors: Yusuf Muhamad , Fitriyani Suci , Yohani Yohani 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of several independent variables such as the firmness of tax sanctions, tax knowledge, tax amnesty, the quality of tax authorities, taxpayer awareness, the application of e-spt to the dependent variable, namely the compliance of individual taxpayers in the KPP Pratama Batang. The sample used in this study were 100 respondents with calculated using the Slovin formula. The method of determining the sample used in this study is the accidental sampling method (accidental sampling by taking cases or respondents who happen to be available or available somewhere in the context of the study), while the data processing method used is multiple linear regression analysis using the program SPSS 16.0.
The results of this study indicate that 1) The firmness of tax sanctions does not significantly influence the compliance of individual taxpayers with a significance value of 0.840 > 0.05. 2) Tax knowledge has no significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.746 > 0.05. 3) Tax Amnesty has a significant effect on the compliance of individual taxpayers with a significance value of 0.018 < 0.05. 4) The quality of fiscal services significantly influences the compliance of individual taxpayers with a significance value of 0.048 < 0.05. 5) Awareness of taxpayers has a significant effect on compliance of individual taxpayers with a significance value of 0.041 < 0.05. 6) The application of E-SPT does not significantly influence the compliance of individual taxpayers with a significance value of 0.882 > 0.05.
Keywords: firmness of tax sanctions, tax knowledge, Tax Amnesty, quality of tax authorities, awareness of taxpayers, application of E-SPT, compliance of taxpayers.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH SE-PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH SEBELUM DAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID19
Authors: Hidayah Rini , Imtikhanah Sobrotul , Ahsanul Habibi Kurnia 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis perbedaan rasio kemandirian keuangan, fleksibilitas keuangan, solvabilitas operasional, solvabilitas jangka pendek, solvabilitas jangka panjang, dan solvabilitas layanan pemerintah daerah se-Provinsi Jawa Tengah Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid19. Dalam penelitian ini, terdapat 35 Pemerintah Kabupaten dan Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang menjadi sampel penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel sensus atau sampel jenuh. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Uji Beda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata rasio kemandirian keuangan dan solvabilitas operasional Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten dan Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid19. Sedangkan untuk rasio fleksibilitas keuangan, solvabilitas jangka pendek, solvabilitas jangka panjang dan solvabilitas layanan tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid19.

Kata Kunci: Kemandirian Keuangan, Fleksibilitas Keuangan, Solvabilitas Operasional, Solvabilitas Jangka Pendek, Solvabilitas Jangka Panjang, Solvabilitas Layanan, Kinerja Keuangan Daerah, Pandemi COVID19, Jawa Tengah.
The Red Years of Cahiers du cinéma (1968-1973)
Authors: Fairfax Daniel 
Published: November 2021

The uprising which shook France in May 1968 also had a revolutionary effect on the country's most prominent film journal. Under editors Jean-Louis Comolli and Jean Narboni, Cahiers du cinéma embarked on a militant turn that would govern the journal's work over the next five years. With a Marxist orientation inspired by the thinking of Louis Althusser, Jacques Lacan and Roland Barthes, the "red years" of Cahiers du cinéma produced a theoretical outpouring that was formative for the establishment of film studies as an academic discipline in the 1970s, and is still of vital relevance for the contemporary audiovisual landscape. It was also the seminal experience for a generation of critics who have dedicated the following half-century to the task of critically responding to the cinema.
The Red Years of Cahiers du Cinéma (1968-1973) gives a historical overview of this period in the journal's history, combining biographical accounts of the critics who were involved with Cahiers in the post-1968 and theoretical explorations of the text they wrote.
DIVERSIDADE DE HETEROPTERAS (INSECTA: HEMIPTERA) AQUÁTICOS E SEMIAQUÁTICOS NA CHAPADA DIAMANTINA, BA
Authors: Ramos Aiala Alana Pinheiro , Cabral Jeniffer De Barros , Silva Rodolfo Mariano Lopes Da 
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A conservação tem como um dos seus principais objetivos a manutenção da biodiversidade. As métricas para medir a biodiversidade em uma determinada área, dependem da interação de vários fatores, como por exemplo a relação de dados bióticos (como grupos taxonômicos) com dados abióticos (informações sobre o clima ou vegetação), sendo possível mensurar os efeitos do ambiente nos organismos. Objetivo: Sendo assim, a proposta deste trabalho é fazer um levantamento faunístico focado na ordem Hemiptera, a fim de poder contribuir para futuros trabalhos de monitoramento ambiental no local. Material e Métodos: As coletas foram realizadas no interior e entorno do Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina (PNCD) que está situado no centro do Estado da Bahia, sendo o PNCD uma área de proteção integral. Foram amostrados 20 pontos, distribuídos em dois municípios, Palmeiras e Lençóis. As amostras foram obtidas com auxílio de uma rede entomológica do tipo D e fixadas em álcool 70%, posteriormente levadas para o Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos na Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz – Ilhéus/Ba. As amostras foram triadas em caixa luminosa, e identificadas em microscópio estereoscópio. As identificações ocorreram a nível de gênero com chave específica para a ordem Hemiptera. Resultados: Foram identificados 627 indivíduos pertencentes a 16 gêneros distribuídos em 11 famílias, Belostomatidae, Corixidae, Gerridae, Hebridae, Helotrephidae, Mesoveliidae, Naucoridae, Nepidae, Notonectidae, Veliidae e Saldidae. Dentro e fora do PNCD, foram coletados, 389 e 238 indivíduos, respectivamente. Fora do PNCD houve a presença de 17 gêneros, enquanto dentro houve 16, onde fora obteve maior riqueza. O estado da Bahia, possui registro de 124 gêneros de Heteroptera. Dentre os gêneros coletados, Ambrysus., Cataractocoris, Ctenipocoris, Enitharoides, Lipogomphus, Martarega, Mesoveloidea, Microvelia, Monogobia, Neotrephes, Notonecta, Ranatra, Rhagovelia e gên 1. (Saldidae) são novos registros o estado. Trabalhos de cunho taxonômico como levantamentos faunísticos, contribuem para o conhecimento da diversidade da fauna do PNCD e consequentemente do estado da Bahia. Conclusão: Entender a distribuição das espécies de insetos aquáticos unidos à dados abióticos, permite que um aprimoramento nos índices de qualidade de água, uma vez que a biologia das espécies ainda é um mistério no estudo dos insetos aquáticos.
Smashing ourselves to smithereens: Object collection, death, and creative writing as salvation
Authors: Watkins Ross 
Published: November 2021

David Malouf (1985) describes the objects children first encounter as symbols of the unknown – we are ‘set loose in a world of things’, and our only tool to exert power over these objects is the body, as we ‘try to swallow them, then to smash them to smithereens… If they refuse to yield their history to us they may at least, in time, become agents in ours’ (p. 9); especially once we are able to wield linguistic instruments. But objects go beyond becoming mere ‘agents’ in the narratives of our lives. As rendered things – selected, curated, labelled and preserved in our minds and the pages of books, these objects undergo a horror just as brutal as Malouf’s metaphors of consumption and demolition. Objects become us, just as we become objects. This holds true in both life and death – perhaps even more apparently in death, when our objects must be subjectively ‘inventorized’ (Baudrillard), collected or discarded by those who grieve. Can writing salvage the past? Or does the very act of writing things ensnare us in a melancholy gaze? This fictocritical work explores these questions through theoretical and performative discourses, ultimately asking: Through writing, are we smashing ourselves to smithereens?
JOB PROVISION AS A VOTING DETERMINANT IN 2013 ELECTIONS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Mian Gul Said ,Dr. Aziz Ur Rahman ,Dr. Muhammad Kashif  
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This study seeks to evaluate voting behavior and identifying job provision as a voting determinant in District Buner of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, with reference to 2013 election. The study empirically reveals the inclination of the people while considering job provision as a determinant of voting behavior.
Methodology: Data for this work has been collected through a personally administered structured questionnaire. A sample representative size of 385 respondents was selected through a multi-stage-sample-method in a survey. SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) version 21 has been used for the determination of P-value through the Chi-Square test.
Results: This investigation contended that voters consider job provision as a significant determinant of voting. The evidence also suggests that Job provision play a key role in shaping voting behavior pplications: Results of the study shows that the provision of job and voting behavior are interrelated. While analyzing electoral politics and voting choices, it is pertinent to consider the provision of job.
Novelty/Originality: Electorates favor and acknowledge the role of job provision as key determinant of vote casting.
THE POWER OF POLITICAL SUBLIMINAL MESSAGES IN KASHMIR BASED MOVIES HAMID AND HAIDER
Authors: Sundas Nadeem ,Dr.Noman Ansari  
Published: November 2021

Subliminal messages are those concealed and hidden messages which are not effectively noticeable and can control an individual's mind without them being aware. Films can affect the overall audience's mind and make roads for their thinking of the issue. They can change the perception of people about explicit and unfortunate occasions and subjects. This research explored if there are any subliminal messages present in the movie Hamid along with the movie Haider and does these movies aim to target the ongoing freedom movement in Kashmir. Moreover, the basic objective is to understand that how the Indian movies portrayed Kashmiri Muslims. The number of literature writing associated with subliminal messages in movies advertisement and other mediums is highlighted in this research. This study aims to analyze the visual of the film Hamid and Haider and intensely identify any subliminal messages, in the form of visuals and linked its relation with the freedom movement in Kashmir. The proposed method to lead the research is multimodal discourse analysis. To carry out these analyses Visual Social Semiotic Theory by Jewitt and Oyama. Results showed that there are subliminal messages which are targeting and manipulating the audience to show different perspectives of freedom movement and Indian brutality or violence. Hamid and Haider reveal the pith of the speculation which expresses that Indian media and Government incorporate Subliminal messages which project a hidden boost and targeting freedom movement mean jihad is a call to slaughter, to torment, to rebuff which the Quran legitimize
UPAYA PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI DAN MENJAGA KEBERSIHAN DIRI DENGAN CARA MENCUCI TANGAN YANG BAIK DAN BENAR DI SDN 1 TANJUNG KEMALA
Authors: Kunang Analia , Puspariny Cynthia 
Published: November 2021

Anak-anak usia sekolah mempunyai kebiasaan kurang memperhatikan perlunya cuci tangan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terutama ketika di lingkungan sekolah. Perilaku tersebut tentunya berpengaruh dan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam terjadinya penyakit diare. Cuci tangan merupakan tehnik dasar yang paling penting dalam pencegahan dan pengontrolan penularan infeksi. Cuci tangan secara rutin merupakan salah satu upaya yang sangat penting untuk menjaga kebersihan tangan (hand hygiene) dalam upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi, terutama infeksi nosokomial. Menurut WHO, cuci tangan atau hand wash adalah prosedur membersihkan tangan dengan menggunakan sabun dan air mengalir.Tujuan dari kegiatan ini untuk memberitahu tentang pencegahan infeksi salah satu cara dengan mencuci tangan yang baik dan benar. Metode yang digunakan dengan cara ceramah dan demonstrasi memberi pengetahuan tentang pentingnya mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun.