bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired social cognition and fine dexterity in patients with Cowden syndrome associated with germlinePTENvariants
Authors: Desjardins Clément , Caux Frédéric , Degos Bertrand , Benzohra Djallel , De Liège Astrid , Bohelay Gérôme , Longy Michel , Béreaux Chloé , Garcin Béatrice 
Published: December 2021

PurposeCowden syndrome (CS) is an autosomal dominant disease related to germlinePTENvariants and is characterised by multiple hamartomas, increased risk of cancers and frequent brain alteration. Since the behaviour of patients with CS sometimes appears to be inappropriate, we analysed their neuropsychological functioning.MethodsThis monocentric study was conducted between July 2018 and February 2020. A standardised neuropsychological assessment, including an evaluation of social cognition, executive functions, language and dexterity, as well as a cerebral MRI were systematically proposed to all patients with CS. Moreover,PTENvariants were identified.ResultsFifteen patients from 13 families were included, with six non-sense (40%), three missense (20%), five frameshift (33.3%) and one splice site (6.6%) variant types. Twelve patients (80%) had altered social cognition: 10 patients had an abnormal modified Faux-Pas score and 5 had Ekman’s facial emotions recognition impairment. Nearly all patients (93%) had impaired dexterity. Cerebral MRI showed various cerebellar anomalies in seven patients (46.7%).ConclusionAltered social cognition and impaired fine dexterity are frequently associated with CS. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and to determine whether dexterity impairment is due to the effect of germlinePTENvariants in the cerebellum.
Tax incidence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in the USA
Authors: Shang Ce , Ma Shaoying , Lindblom Eric N 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundA growing number of states or jurisdictions in the USA have imposed excise taxes on electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). However, there is no consensus on how best to tax ENDS.ObjectivesWe specifically compare the tax incidence or burden for ENDS and cigarettes and analyse how ENDS tax incidence is associated with the choices of tax bases and rates.MethodsWe calculate ENDS excise tax incidence as the percentage of retail prices for each state or jurisdiction. Next, we use ordinary least squares to evaluate how tax incidence is associated with the choices of tax bases (eg, a specific tax base vs a value or ad valorem tax base) and rates and how these associations are moderated by product types.ResultsENDS and cigarette tax incidence is similar at the state level. Nonetheless, when federal cigarette taxes are considered, the cigarette tax incidence is higher than the tax incidence on closed-system ENDS. The proportion of states that impose value taxes is higher for open systems (65.4%) than for closed systems (46.2%). A value tax base is associated with a 7 percentage point lower tax incidence compared with a specific tax base. Product type further moderates the association between tax base and incidence.ConclusionTax incidence can be used to measure the strength of ENDS tax policies and how they are compared with cigarette taxes. Policymakers who aim to prevent youth from using ENDS may consider a value tax base to raise the tax incidence of closed systems—the product type preferred by young people.
Testing the $$R_{D^{(*)}}$$ anomaly at the LHeC
Authors: Azuelos Georges , Fischer Oliver , Jana Sudip 
Published: December 2021

AbstractB-Physics anomalies have recently raised renewed interest in leptoquarks, predicted in several theoretical frameworks. Under simplifying but conservative assumptions, we show that the current limits from LHC searches together with the requirement to explain the observed value for $$R_{D^{(*)}}$$

R

D

(

∗
)

constrain the $$R_2$$

R
2

leptoquark mass to be in the range of $$800 \le m_{R_2} \le 1000$$

800
≤

m

R
2

≤
1000

GeV. We study the search for $$R_2$$

R
2

at the LHeC via its resonance in the $$b\tau $$

b
τ

final state by performing a cut-and-count analysis of the signal and the dominant Standard Model backgrounds. We find that the LHeC has an excellent discovery potential for the $$R_2$$

R
2

leptoquark even for couplings to the first generation as small as $${\mathcal {O}}(10^{-2})$$

O
(

10

-
2

)

.
Higgs inflation and its extensions and the further refining dS swampland conjecture
Authors: Liu Yang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOn the one hand, Andriot and Roupec (Fortsch Phys, 1800105, 2019) proposed an alternative refined de Sitter conjecture, which gives a natural condition on a combination of the first and second derivatives of the scalar potential (Andriot and Roupec 2019). On the other hand, in our previous article (Liu in Eur Phys J Plus 136:901, 2021) , we have found that Palatini Higgs inflation model is in strong tension with the refined de Sitter swampland conjecture (Liu 2021). Therefore, following our previous research, in this article we examine if Higgs inflation model and its two variations: Palatini Higgs inflation and Higgs-Dilaton model (Rubio in Front Astron Space Sci, 10.3389/fspas.2018.00050, 2019) can satisfy the “further refining de Sitter swampland conjecture” or not. Based on observational data (Ade et al., Phys Rev Lett 121:221301, 2018; Akrami et al., Planck 2018 results. X. Constraints on inflation, arXiv:1807.06211 [astro-ph.CO], 2018; Aghanim et al., Planck 2018 results: VI. Cosmological parameters, arXiv:1807.06209 [astro-ph.CO], 2018), we find that these three inflationary models can always satisfy this new swampland conjecture if only we adjust the relevant parameters a, $$b = 1-a$$

b
=
1
-
a

and q. Therefore, if the “further refining de Sitter swampland conjecture” does indeed hold, then the three inflationary models might all be in “landscape”.
Utilization of continental transforms in break-up: observations, models, and a potential link to magmatism
Authors: Lundin E. R. , Doré A. G. , Naliboff J. , Van Wijk J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Reactivation of continental transform faults (hereafter transforms) is identified herein as a significant factor in continental break-up, based on a global review of divergent margins and numerical modelling. Divergent margins that have reactivated transforms are characterized by linear and abrupt terminations of thick continental crust. Transforms represent some of the largest structures on Earth, and these megastructures represent major lithospheric weaknesses and are therefore prone to reactivation upon changes in the stress field, which typically occur during plate break-up. The blunt termination of the margins is consistent with observations of very limited pre-break-up lithospheric thinning of such margins. This mode of break-up appears to occur abruptly, and contrasts notably with highly tapered and slowly extended divergent margins. Magma leakage along transforms is well-known worldwide where divergence occurs across such features. This leakage may evolve to dyke injections, further reducing the plate strength. We observe that many of the blunt margins we attribute to transform reactivation have been prone to above-normal magmatism and are marked by seaward-dipping reflectors underlain by high-velocity lower crustal intrusions. The magmatism may be directly related to the separation of abruptly terminated margins, whereby the large resulting lateral thermal gradients trigger edge-driven convection and melt addition.
Mapping the complexity of transform margins
Authors: Markwick Paul J. , Paton Douglas A. , Mortimer Estelle J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Transform margins are a function of the pre-existing crustal architecture (pre-transform) and the interplay of syn- and post-transform geodynamic processes. We use a suite of geospatial databases to investigate four transform margins: East Africa (Davie Deformational Zone, DDZ), Equatorial Africa, and the South African and Falkland (Malvinas) margins (Agulhas–Falkland Fracture Zone, AFFZ). The East African margin is the most complex of the four. This is a consequence of Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous transform motion affecting highly heterogeneous crust, and post-transform deformation that varies along the margin. Equatorial Africa most closely adheres to traditional definitions of ‘transform margins’, but actually comprises two principal transform systems – the Romanche and St Pauls, dictated by the pre-transform distribution of mobile belts and West African craton. All four margins are spatially associated with volcanism, and each exhibits narrow uplifts associated with transpression or transtension. But the causal relationship of these features with transform processes differ. Volcanism along the East African margin is pre- and post-transform. Syn-transform volcanism on the AFFZ is spatially limited, with the AFFZ possibly acting as a conduit for magmatism rather than as a causal driver. Transform margins are varied and complex and require an understanding of pre-, syn- and post-transform geodynamics.
The ADAM17-directed Inhibitory Antibody MEDI3622 Antagonizes Radiotherapy-induced VEGF Release and Sensitizes Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer for Radiotherapy
Authors: Tschanz Fabienne , Bender Sabine , Telarovic Irma , Waller Verena , Speck Roberto F. , Pruschy Martin 
Published: December 2021

The cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR) depends on tumor cell and microenvironmental factors. Here, we investigated the role of IR-induced ADAM17 matrix metalloproteinase activity for the intercellular communication between tumor cells and the tumor vasculature in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor models. Factors shed by ADAM17 from NSCLC tumor cells (A549, H358) and relevant for endothelial cell migration were investigated using transwell migration assays, ELISA, and flow cytometry. Tumor angiogenesis–related endpoints were analyzed with the chorio-allantoic membrane assay and in murine NSCLC tumor models. Efficacy-oriented experiments were performed in a murine orthotopic NSCLC tumor model using irradiation with an image-guided small-animal radiotherapy platform alone and in combination with the novel ADAM17-directed antibody MEDI3622. In vitro, VEGF was identified as the major factor responsible for IR-induced and ADAM17-dependent endothelial cell migration toward attracting tumor cells. IR strongly enhanced tumor cell–associated ADAM17 activity, released VEGF in an ADAM17-dependent manner, and thereby coordinated the communication between tumor and endothelial cells. In vivo, tumor growth and microvessel size and density were strongly decreased in response to the combined treatment modality of IR and MEDI3622 but not by either treatment modality alone and thus suggest that the supra-additive effect of the combined treatment modality is in part due to abrogation of the ADAM17-mediated IR-induced protective effect on the tumor vasculature. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the novel ADAM17-inhibitory antibody MEDI3622 potently improves the radiotherapy response of NSCLC.Significance:The tumor response to radiotherapy is influenced by several factors of the tumor microenvironment. We demonstrate that inhibition of the sheddase ADAM17 by the novel antibody MEDI3622 reduces IR-induced VEGF release from tumor cells relevant for endothelial cell migration and vasculature protection, thereby enhancing radiotherapy treatment outcome of NSCLC.
L’Union Européenne et l’organisation des professions de santé en France
Authors: Brissy Stéphane 
Published: December 2021

Le droit de l’Union Européenne est fondé sur la garantie de la liberté de circulation des personnes, des marchandises, des capitaux et des services. D’autres impératifs sont venus s’ajouter à la garantie de ces libertés, dont la garantie d’un niveau élevé de protection de la santé humaine. Pour concilier ces objectifs, il est notamment nécessaire de s’assurer que les professionnels de santé souhaitant délivrer des prestations dans l’Union Européenne disposent de qualifications suffisantes. Chaque Etat membre de l’Union reste en principe maître de l’organisation générale de son système de santé. Mais le droit de l’Union Européenne peut parfois inciter voire obliger les Etats à modifier certaines limites de compétence entre professionnels.
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Myocardial Recovery in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Device Support
Authors: Topkara Veli K. , Elias Pierre , Jain Rashmi , Sayer Gabriel , Burkhoff Daniel , Uriel Nir 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Prospective studies demonstrate that aggressive pharmacological therapy combined with pump speed optimization may result in myocardial recovery in larger numbers of patients supported with left ventricular assist device (LVAD). This study sought to determine whether the use of machine learning (ML) based models predict LVAD patients with myocardial recovery resulting in pump explant.

Methods:
A total of 20 270 adult patients with a durable continuous-flow LVAD in the INTERMACS registry (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support) were included in the study. Ninety-eight raw clinical variables were screened using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator for selection of features associated with LVAD-induced myocardial recovery. ML models were developed in the training data set (70%) and were assessed in the validation data set (30%) by receiver operating curve and Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results:

Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator identified 28 unique clinical features associated with LVAD-induced myocardial recovery, including age, cause of heart failure, psychosocial risk factors, laboratory values, cardiac rate and rhythm, and echocardiographic indices. ML models achieved area under the receiver operating curve of 0.813 to 0.824 in the validation data set outperforming logistic regression-based new INTERMACS recovery risk score (area under the receiver operating curve of 0.796) and previously established LVAD recovery risk scores (INTERMACS Cardiac Recovery Score and INTERMACS Recovery Score by Topkara et al) with area under the receiver operating curve of 0.744 and 0.748 (
P
<0.05). Patients who were predicted to recover by ML models demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of myocardial recovery resulting in LVAD explant in the validation cohort compared with those who were not predicted to recover (18.8% versus 2.6% at 4 years of pump support).

Conclusions:
ML can be a valuable tool to identify subsets of LVAD patients who may be more likely to respond to myocardial recovery protocols.
Severity of Functional Mitral Regurgitation on Admission for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Predicts Long‐Term Risk of Rehospitalization and Death
Authors: Kataria Rachna , Castagna Francesco , Madan Shivank , Kim Paul , Saeed Omar , Adjepong Yaw A. , Melainis Angelos A. , Taub Cynthia , Garcia Mario J. , Latib Azeem , Jorde Ulrich P. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) has emerged as a therapeutic target in patients with chronic heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The significance of FMR in acute decompensated heart failure remains obscure. We systematically investigated the prevalence and clinical significance of FMR on admission in patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Methods and Results
The study was a single‐center, retrospective review of patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction between 2012 and 2017. Patients were divided into 3 groups of FMR: none/mild, moderate, and moderate‐to‐severe/severe FMR. The primary outcome was 1‐year post‐discharge all‐cause mortality. We also compared these groups for 6‐month heart failure hospitalization rates. Of 2303 patients, 39% (896) were women. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was 25%. Four hundred and fifty‐three (20%) patients had moderate‐to‐severe/severe FMR, which was independently associated with 1‐year all‐cause mortality. Moderate or worse FMR was found in 1210 (53%) patients and was independently associated with 6‐month heart failure hospitalization. Female sex was independently associated with higher severity of FMR.

Conclusions
More than half of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction had at least moderate FMR, which was associated with increased readmission rates and mortality. Intensified post‐discharge follow‐up should be undertaken to eliminate FMR amenable to pharmacological therapy and enable timely and appropriate intervention for persistent FMR. Further studies are needed to examine sex‐related disparities in FMR.
Abstract 1122‐000164: Peri‐embolization Use of Stent Retrievers as a Rescue Tool in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Amireh Abdallah O , Nagy Muhammad , Ali Hassan , Mehta Siddhart , Zacharatos Haralabos , Fourcand Farah , Kirmani Jawad 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
: Coil migration after endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms is one of the periprocedural complications in 2–6% of patients. Stent retriever use is well‐established in treatment of ischemic stroke but has not been well established to address coil retrieval as rescue therapy. We describe three cases with successful removal of migrated coils using stent retrievers.

Methods
: A retrospective review at a single center university hospital was performed for all Neuro‐endovascular case log from December 2018 to November 2020. Cases of coil migration were reviewed and coil retraction with Stent Retriever with successful coil mass extraction was considered an endpoint. Number of attempts, types of stent retrievers used and time taken for extraction were noted.

Results
: Case 1: 56‐year‐old female presented with ruptured tri‐lobed 4 × 3 mm Anterior communicating artery aneurysm. Hunt and Hess (H&H) Grade 2. Modified Fisher scale (MFS) 4. Underwent primary coil embolization. Two 2mmx2cm Galaxy Orbit coils were deployed within aneurysm. During deployment of third coil the first two coils displaced out of the aneurysm migrating into left A2 segment. Stryker’s Trevo 3 × 20 mm stent retriever was used for retrieval of coils however they dislodged at the left internal carotid artery (ICA) terminus and migrated distally into the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) M2 superior division. Subsequently, Medtronic’s Solitaire 4 × 40 mm stent retriever was successfully deployed retrieving the migrated coils with full recanalization.

Case 2: 64‐year‐old female presented with ruptured 3 × 5.3 mm right posterior communicating artery (Pcom) aneurysm. H&H 5 and MFS 4. Underwent primary coil embolization with placement of Galaxy Orbit 2.5mmx3.5cm coil. On follow up run, coil mass had migrated into the origin of right fetal Pcom. Migrated coil was successfully retrieved using Stryker’s 4 × 40 mm stent retriever with complete recanalization.
Case 3: 65‐year‐old female with presented ruptured 8.5 × 6.8 mm right supraclinoid ICA irregular aneurysm. H&H Grade 1. MFS 3. Underwent primary coil embolization with one Galaxy coil (5mm x 10cm) with plan for future flow diversion. Two weeks later, patient experienced acute neurological worsening with new left sided hemiparesis and right gaze deviation. Imaging revealed acute occlusion of right middle cerebral artery M1 segment occlusion with thrombosed migrated coil. Patient underwent retrieval of the coil and superimposed thrombus utilizing Stryker’s Trevo (4*30 mm) stent retriever with resultant full recanalization.

Conclusions
: These cases demonstrate successful endovascular mechanical removal of migrated coils using stent retrievers. They add to the limited experience of stent retrievers utilization as effective tools for dealing with such complications.
Linguistic Parameters of Spontaneous Speech for Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Vincze Veronika , Szabó Martina Katalin , Hoffmann Ildikó , Tóth László , Pákáski Magdolna , Kálmán János , Gosztolya Gábor 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article, we seek to automatically identify Hungarian patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild Alzheimer disease (mAD) based on their speech transcripts, focusing only on linguistic features. In addition to the features examined in our earlier study, we introduce syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic features of spontaneous speech that might affect the detection of dementia. In order to ascertain the most useful features for distinguishing healthy controls, MCI patients, and mAD patients, we carry out a statistical analysis of the data and investigate the significance level of the extracted features among various speaker group pairs and for various speaking tasks. In the second part of the article, we use this rich feature set as a basis for an effective discrimination among the three speaker groups. In our machine learning experiments, we analyze the efficacy of each feature group separately. Our model that uses all the features achieves competitive scores, either with or without demographic information (3-class accuracy values: 68%–70%, 2-class accuracy values: 77.3%–80%). We also analyze how different data recording scenarios affect linguistic features and how they can be productively used when distinguishing MCI patients from healthy controls.
It's a Long Walk: Lasting Effects of Maternity Ward Openings on Labor Market Performance
Authors: Lazuka Volha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBeing born in a hospital versus having a traditional birth attendant at home represents the most common early life policy change worldwide. By applying a difference-in-differences approach to register-based individual-level data on the total population, this paper explores the long-term economic effects of the opening of new maternity wards as an early life quasi-experiment. It first finds that the reform substantially increased the share of hospital births and reduced early neonatal mortality. It then shows sizable long-term effects on labor income, unemployment, health-related disability, and schooling. Small-scale local maternity wards yield a larger social rate of return than large-scale hospitals.
Judging under Public Pressure
Authors: Cohen Alma , Neeman Zvika , Auferoth Florian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study the circumstances under which public pressure affects judging. We show that crowd pressure biases decisions in favor of the crowd for “subjective decisions” with respect to which the judge has more discretion but not for “objective decisions.” The bias is strengthened after a judge's error against the crowd and when errors are costlier to the crowd. We use data about referees' decisions and errors from the Bundesliga. We exploit three regimes where, due to the introduction of Video Assistance Refereeing (VAR) and COVID-19, both crowd pressure and the likelihood of errors vary.
Personal Bests and Gender
Authors: González-Díaz Julio , Palacios-Huerta Ignacio , Abuín José M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We connect two large bodies of scientific inquiry. First, important theories in the social sciences establish that human preferences are reference-dependent. Second, a separate field of research documents substantial differences in preferences and attitudes across genders. Specifically, we examine the universe of official classic chess games (more than 250,000 subjects and 22 million games). This allows us to study differences across genders both in cognitive performance (intensive margin) and in competitive participation (extensive margin), using the fact that personal bests act as reference points. We find that males and females behave very differently around their personal bests in both margins.