bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient multiclass classifier for classification of Alzheimer's disease/mild cognitive impairment/Normal subjects
Authors: Dora Lingraj , Agrawal Sanjay , Panda Rutuparna , Abraham Ajith 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTypically, in sparse representation‐based classifiers, the weight associated with each training sample is ignored, resulting in reduced accuracy. Moreover, individual binary classifiers solved a multiclass problem. It requires more time as multiple runs are needed to compute the accuracy. In this paper, we propose a novel optimal sparse representation‐based classifier. It solves the ternary classification problem with improved accuracy in a single run. The ternary classification considers Alzheimer's disease versus mild cognitive impairment versus normal control in a single run. A two‐stage sparse representation model is used to design the proposed classifier. To update the weight coefficients, we suggest a regularized Levenberg–Marquardt learning. It allows selecting a subset of significant training samples. To determine the appropriate subset size, we investigate an objective function in terms of classification accuracy. For optimization, we suggest a hybrid particle swarm optimization–squirrel search technique. The experiment conducted on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database shows our method outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods in terms of computation time and accuracy. The use of different training–testing partition ratios makes the proposed method immune to biased results, overfitting, and underfitting difficulties. Moreover, results are obtained from 100 iterations to confirm its stability. The suggested model may be helpful for further research in medical image analysis.
Recent trends in gelatin methacryloyl nanocomposite hydrogels for tissue engineering
Authors: Sakr Mahmoud A. , Sakthivel Kabilan , Hossain Towsif , Shin Su Ryon , Siddiqua Sumi , Kim Jaehwan , Kim Keekyoung 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), a photocrosslinkable gelatin‐based hydrogel, has been immensely used for diverse applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery. Apart from its excellent functionality and versatile mechanical properties, it is also suitable for a wide range of fabrication methodologies to generate tissue constructs of desired shapes and sizes. Despite its exceptional characteristics, it is predominantly limited by its weak mechanical strength, as some tissue types naturally possess high mechanical stiffness. The use of high GelMA concentrations yields high mechanical strength, but not without the compromise in its porosity, degradability, and three‐dimensional (3D) cell attachment. Recently, GelMA has been blended with various natural and synthetic biomaterials to reinforce its physical properties to match with the tissue to be engineered. Among these, nanomaterials have been extensively used to form a composite with GelMA, as they increase its biological and physicochemical properties without affecting the unique characteristics of GelMA and also introduce electrical and magnetic properties. This review article presents the recent advances in the formation of hybrid GelMA nanocomposites using a variety of nanomaterials (carbon, metal, polymer, and mineral‐based). We give an overview of each nanomaterial's characteristics followed by a discussion of the enhancement in GelMA's physical properties after its incorporation. Finally, we also highlight the use of each GelMA nanocomposite for different applications, such as cardiac, bone, and neural regeneration.
Probability of survival and stress distribution of narrow diameter implants with different implant–abutment taper angles
Authors: Freitas Mariana I. M. , Gomes Rafael S. , Ruggiero Mirelle M. , Bergamo Edmara T. P. , Bonfante Estevam A. , Marcello‐Machado Raissa M. , Del Bel Cury Altair A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study evaluated the probability of survival, failure mode, and stress distribution of narrow diameter implants (NDIs) with internal implant–abutment conical connection comprised of different taper angles and thread designs. Sixty‐three NDIs (Ø 3.5 × 8.5 mm) were divided according to the taper angle (TA), internal diameter (ID), and trapezoidal thread design (TD) (n = 21/group), as follows: (a) 11.5°U (11.5° TA; ID: 2.5 mm; TD: dual threaded); (b) 11.5°S (11.5° TA; ID: 2.5 mm; TD: single threaded); (c) 16°S (16° TA; ID: 2.72 mm; TD: single threaded). They were subjected to step‐stress accelerated life testing. The reliability and use‐level probability Weibull curves were calculated at 50, 100, and 150 N for a mission of 100,000 cycles and the failure mode was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. For finite element analysis the von‐Mises stress (σvM) was calculated for the abutment and implant. All groups showed high reliability (above 84%) and failures occurred predominantly in the abutment. In the FEA, 11.5°U showed higher σvM for the implant. All NDIs showed high reliability at clinically challenging loads. The system with greater taper angle showed lower σVm in the implant, and dual threaded implants showed a higher stress concentration in the implant and cortical bone.
Free energy of micellization of dodecyl phosphocholine (DPC) from molecular simulation: Hybrid PEACH‐BAR method
Authors: Zhang Xiaokun , Kindt James T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA new method to extract the free energy of aggregation versus aggregate size from molecular simulation data is proposed and applied to a united atom model of the zwitterionic surfactant dodecyl phosphocholine in water. This system's slow dissociation rate and low critical micelle concentration (CMC of approximately 1–2 mM) make extraction of cluster free energies directly from simulation results using the “partition‐enabled analysis of cluster histogram” (PEACH) method impractical. The new approach applies PEACH to a model with weakened attractions between aggregants, which allows sampling of a continuous range of cluster sizes, then recovers the free energy of aggregation under the original fully‐attractive force field using the BAR free energy difference method. PEACH‐BAR results are compared with free energy differences calculated via umbrella sampling, and are used to make predictions of CMC, average cluster size, and SAXS scattering profiles that are in fair agreement with experiment.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha—an underestimated risk predictor in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)?
Authors: Mirna Moritz , Holnthoner Mario , Topf Albert , Jirak Peter , Fejzic Dzeneta , Paar Vera , Kellermair Jörg , Blessberger Hermann , Reiter Christian , Kammler Jürgen , Motloch Lukas J. , Jung Christian , Kretzschmar Daniel , Franz Marcus , Alushi Brunilda , Lauten Alexander , Hoppe Uta C. , Steinwender Clemens , Lichtenauer Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSystemic inflammation has been identified as a major cardiovascular risk factor in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), yet currently, it is not adequately portrayed in scores for pre‐interventional risk assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive ability of TNF‐α in TAVR.MethodsA total of 431 patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were drawn prior to intervention, 24 h post‐intervention, 4, 5, and 7 days post‐intervention, and 1, 3, and 6 months post‐TAVR.ResultsIn a univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, plasma concentrations of TNF‐α after 24 h and after 5 days were associated with mortality after 12 months (after 24 h: HR 1.002 (1.000–1.004), p = 0.028; after 5d: HR 1.003 (1.001–1.005), p = 0.013). This association remained significant even after correction for confounders in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. Additionally, cut‐offs were calculated. Patients above the cut‐off for TNF‐α after 5d had a significantly worse 12‐month mortality than patients below the cut‐off (18.8% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.046).ConclusionPlasma levels of TNF‐α after 24 h and 5 days were independently associated with 12‐month mortality in patients undergoing TAVR. Thus, TNF‐α could represent a novel biomarker for enhanced risk stratification in these patients.
Dysfunction of miR‐802 in tumors
Authors: Gao Tong , Zou Mengsha , Shen Tiancheng , Duan Shiwei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent studies have shown that miR‐802 is abnormally expressed in many tumors. miR‐802 is expressed at low levels in tissues and cells of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, epithelial ovarian cancer, tongue squamous cell carcinoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. In contrast, miR‐802 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder urothelial cancer, osteosarcoma, and cholesteatoma tissue cells. It should be noted that the results of studies on the expression of miR‐802 in pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer are inconsistent. Current studies have found that miR‐802 can target and regulate genes in different tumors, and affect the regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway, EMT signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, ERK signaling pathway, and Hedgehog signaling pathway. At the same time, miR‐802 is regulated by the endogenous competition of four ceRNAs, including circDONSON, IGFL2‐AS1, MIR155HG, and MIR4435‐2HG. This article reviews the abnormal expression of miR‐802 in a variety of tumors, expounds the mechanism by which miR‐802 affects tumor progression by regulating different target genes, and elaborates the network of miR‐802‐related ceRNAs. We also summarized the limitations of miR‐802 research and looked forward to the potential application of miR‐802 in the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors.
A case of CADASIL caused by NOTCH3 c.512_605delinsA heterozygous mutation
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Zhang Qiaoyu , Wang Qi , Luan Siyu , Dong Xiang , Cao Hua , Tao Dingbo , Dong Huijie , Ji Xiaofei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAutosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a cerebrovascular disease closely related to the NOTCH3 gene. More than 200 mutations in this gene have been reported to be associated with this disease.MethodsThe NOTCH3 gene from CADASIL patient was screened for mutations by whole‐exome sequencing (WES). PCR amplification and direct Sanger sequencing were used to verify the suspicious gene mutation sites detected by WES.ResultsWe performed second‐generation sequencing on a sample of the patient's genome and found a heterozygous deletion‐insertion mutation c.512_605delinsA in exon 4 of NOTCH3, which resulted in amino acid changes p.G171_A202delinsE. This variation was confirmed by the direct Sanger sequencing. It may be rated as a CADASIL clinical variation.ConclusionDiscovery of this mutation site provides an important theoretical basis for specific gene‐based diagnosis and treatment of CADASIL.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the psychological health of individuals with mental health conditions: A mixed methods study
Authors: Miller Alexia E. , Mehak Adrienne , Trolio Vittoria , Racine Sarah E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study explored how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has affected individuals with mental health conditions.MethodsParticipants were 477 adults (82% female) who reported a past‐year mental health condition. They completed an online survey that included an open‐ended question. Mixed methods analysis was conducted.ResultsWhile all mental health conditions were moderately impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic, self‐reported impact on anxiety disorder and obsessive‐compulsive disorder symptoms was greater than for all other mental health symptoms. Thematic analysis revealed five themes: (1) the contribution of the pandemic to worsening mental health; (2) life interruptions due to the pandemic; (3) increased loneliness/isolation; (4) upsides of the pandemic; and (5) normalization of the anxieties previously experienced by those with mental health conditions.ConclusionIndividuals with pre‐existing mental health conditions reported a worsening of symptoms during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Governments and organizations must focus on supporting and increasing access to treatment for this population.
The relative contribution of health cognitions and metacognitions about health anxiety to cyberchondria: A prospective study
Authors: Airoldi Sofia , Kolubinski Daniel C. , Nikčević Ana V. , Spada Marcantonio M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesCyberchondria involves the excessive and compulsive use of the Internet to search for health information. The present study investigated the relative contribution of health cognitions and metacognitions about health anxiety to prospective cyberchondria scores, controlling for health anxiety and hours spent online per day.MethodsA convenience sample of 221 participants was recruited for the purpose of this study with a final sample totaling 125 participants (58.4% females, Mage = 34.51 years) who completed the full survey at baseline (T0) and a measure of cyberchondria after 30 days (T1).ResultsThe results of the study showed that metacognition about health anxiety relating to beliefs about the uncontrollability of thoughts was the only significant predictor of prospective cyberchondria scores when controlling for health anxiety.ConclusionsThese results offer further support to the role of beliefs about the uncontrollability of thoughts in cyberchondria. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Treatment components in behavioral versus nondirective telephone‐assisted self‐help interventions for parents of children with externalizing behavior problems
Authors: Treier Anne‐Katrin , Hautmann Christopher , Katzmann Josepha , Nordmann Lisa , Pinior Julia , Scholz Kristin‐Katharina , Döpfner Manfred 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze treatment differentiation in a behavioral and a nondirective telephone‐assisted self‐help intervention for parents of children with externalizing behavior problems, including the development and evaluation of a rating scale.MethodsIn a randomized controlled trial, 149 parents of children aged 4–11 years with externalizing behavior problems were allocated to a behavioral or a nondirective guided self‐help intervention. Parents in both conditions received eight self‐help booklets and ten telephone consultations. To analyze the content of the interventions, we developed the Therapist Intervention Scale (TIS). In order to evaluate the scale and analyze treatment differentiation, parent booklets and recorded telephone consultations were rated.ResultsItem selection and scale development were based on predefined psychometric criteria. The subscales Guidance & Structures and Relationship & Emotions were developed based on exploratory factor analyses. Interrater reliability and internal consistency were found to be acceptable to excellent. Analyses of construct validity demonstrated positive correlations for corresponding and negative correlations for non‐corresponding subscales of therapist ratings. Therapists and booklets in the behavioral intervention showed higher scores on the subscale Guidance & Structures, while therapists and booklets in the nondirective intervention showed higher scores on the subscale Relationship & Emotions.ConclusionThe analyses of the TIS support its reliability and validity. The subscale Guidance & Structures contains mainly cognitive‐behavioral treatment components, while the subscale Relationship & Emotions contains mainly nondirective treatment components. The implemented telephone‐assisted self‐help interventions demonstrated distinct treatment profiles which match their intended therapeutic approaches.
Pediatric Drug Development Studies for Familial Hypercholesterolemia Submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration Between 2007 and 2020
Authors: Park Kyunghun , Vishnevetskaya Kristina , Vaidyanathan Jayabharathi , Burckart Gilbert J. , Green Dionna J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of lipoprotein metabolism that leads to an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Hypercholesterolemia in pediatric patients is typically due to FH. Treatment of pediatric FH is achieved through lifestyle modifications, lipid‐modifying pharmacotherapy, and/or apheresis. The primary objective of this review is to describe the characteristics of clinical trials conducted in pediatric patients with FH with data submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration from 2007 to 2020. Of 10 trials with 8 products in pediatric FH submitted to the Food and Drug Administration, 1 product was studied in both the heterozygous and the homozygous phenotypes, 5 were studied for heterozygous hypercholesterolemia only, and 2 were studied for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia only. Most of the trials included pediatric patients ≥10 years of age and older. Clinical trial characteristics including the primary efficacy end points between pediatric and adult trials were mostly identical. Many lipid‐lowering drugs with novel mechanisms of action have been recently approved or are currently being studied. In summary, the drug treatment of hypercholesterolemia in pediatric patients is expanding beyond the use of statins, and now involves multiple mechanisms of action involving cholesterol metabolism. As younger pediatric patients are diagnosed and treated for heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, optimizing the doses of these agents and safety studies specific to younger pediatric patients will be necessary.
Engineered asparaginase from Erwinia chrysanthemi enhances asparagine hydrolase activity and diminishes enzyme immunoreactivity ‐ a new promise to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Munhoz Costa Iris , Custódio Moura Débora , Meira Lima Guilherme , Pessoa Adalberto , Oresco dos Santos Camila , de Oliveira Marcos A , Monteiro Gisele 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) uses the biopharmaceutical l‐asparaginase (ASNase) as the main medication. This drug, from bacterial origin (Escherichia coli or Erwinia chrysanthemi), depletes l‐asparagine (Asn) and secondarily l‐glutamine (Gln – GLNase activity) from the bloodstream, leading leukemic cells to die by deprivation of Asn. The use of ASNase is limited by the high incidence of adverse effects, which collectively can specifically impair quality of life of patients. Its high toxicity caused by the product of the hydrolysis of amino acids and the formation of anti‐ASNase antibodies often required treatment interruption, thus reducing the chances of cure and increasing the rates of disease relapse.RESULTSIn order to improve enzymatic activity, while reducing toxicity, we developed through directed evolution a double‐mutant ASNase from Erwinia chrysanthemi (Erw_DM), which has specific activity for Asn 46% higher than the wild‐type enzyme (Erw_WT). This makes it possible to reduce the amount of protein necessary for depletion of this amino acid and, consequently, the reduction of GLNase activity, considered toxic. In silico analysis showed that a lower number of epitopes was exposed, resulting in reduced recognition of the recombinant protein by antibody anti‐ASNase observed in vitro assay. Furthermore, we observed the same cytotoxic profile for the MOLT‐4 and REH ALL cell lines using 40% lower protein mass of Erw_DM to achieve the minimum enzyme activity required in the bloodstream during treatment.CONCLUSIONAltogether, our findings describe a potent and less immunogenic ASNase, an improvement that may alleviate treatment adverse effects developed in anti‐ALL therapy. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Differential barcoding of opioid receptors trafficking
Authors: Degrandmaison Jade , Grisé Olivier , Parent Jean‐Luc , Gendron Louis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the past several years, studies have highlighted the δ‐opioid receptor (DOPr) as a promising therapeutic target for chronic pain management. While exhibiting milder undesired effects than most currently prescribed opioids, its specific agonists elicit effective analgesic responses in numerous animal models of chronic pain, including inflammatory, neuropathic, diabetic, and cancer‐related pain. However, as compared with the extensively studied μ‐opioid receptor, the molecular mechanisms governing its trafficking remain elusive. Recent advances have denoted several significant particularities in the regulation of DOPr intracellular routing, setting it apart from the other members of the opioid receptor family. Although they share high homology, each opioid receptor subtype displays specific amino acid patterns potentially involved in the regulation of its trafficking. These precise motifs or “barcodes” are selectively recognized by regulatory proteins and therefore dictate several aspects of the itinerary of a receptor, including its anterograde transport, internalization, recycling, and degradation. With a specific focus on the regulation of DOPr trafficking, this review will discuss previously reported, as well as potential novel trafficking barcodes within the opioid and nociceptin/orphanin FQ opioid peptide receptors, and their impact in determining distinct interactomes and physiological responses.
Making the case for librarian expertise to support evidence synthesis for the sustainable development goals
Authors: Ghezzi‐Kopel Kate , Ault Jessica , Chimwaza Gracian , Diekmann Florian , Eldermire Erin , Gathoni Nasra , Kelly Julie , Kinengyere Alison Annet , Kocher Megan , Lwoga Edda Tandi , Page Jessica , Young Sarah , Porciello Jaron 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEvidence syntheses that engage librarians as co‐authors produce higher‐quality results than those that do not. Trained as teachers, researchers, and information managers, librarians possess expert knowledge on research methodologies and information retrieval approaches that are critical for evidence synthesis. Researchers are under increasing pressure to produce evidence syntheses to inform practice and policymaking. Many fields outside of health science and medicine, however, do not have established guidelines, processes, or methodologies. This article describes how librarians led the creation of an interdisciplinary toolkit for researchers new to evidence synthesis. The implementation of the tools, including a protocol, supported eight evidence syntheses focused on effective agricultural interventions published in a special collection in Nature Research in October 2020. This article is a step‐by‐step overview of the tools and process. We advocate that librarian collaboration in evidence synthesis must become the norm, not the exception. Evidence synthesis project leads without access to a qualified librarian may use this toolkit as a point of entry for production of transparent, reproducible reviews.
Green molecularly imprinted polymers for sustainable sample preparation
Authors: Martín‐Esteban Antonio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe use of molecularly imprinted polymers in sample preparation as selective sorbent materials has received great attention during the last years leading to analytical methods with unprecedented selectivity. However, with the progressive implementation of Green Analytical Chemistry principles, it is necessary to critically review the greenness of synthesis and further use of molecularly imprinted polymers in sample preparation. Accordingly, in the present review, the different steps and strategies for the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers, the used reagents, as well as their incorporation to microextraction techniques are reviewed from a green perspective and recent alternatives to make the use of molecularly imprinted polymers more sustainable are provided.