bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drying path dependence in microrheological characteristics of cellulose nanofiber dispersion revealed by single particle tracking
Authors: Koitabashi Takuma , Hanasaki Itsuo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rheological characterization of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) dispersion is important for the process design of nanopaper fabrication. However, the existing macroscopic approach is difficult to reveal microscopic signal, or nonequilibrium nature of drying, distinct from the concentration dependence in equilibrium. We report the microscopic characterization in the drying process of CNF dispersion by the microscopy movie analysis, based on the single particle tracking (SPT) of probe particles. Since SPT does not require invasive shear flow to the system of interest, the rheological characterization in the drying process can be realised. We focused on the role of initial CNF concentration to examine the nonequilibrium effect of drying. The path of drying for a higher initial CNF concentration is not simply a time compression of the path of the lower initial concentration. It is revealed by the time-evolution curves of the generalised diffusion coefficient and the scaling exponent for probe particles. One of the origins of this path-wise dependence on the initial CNF concentration is the macroscopic spatial nonuniformity of the drying process. Thus, the effect of macroscopic condition is microscopically determined.
Flexible Ta/TiO
x
/TaO
x
/Ru memristive synaptic devices on polyimide substrates
Authors: Li Jiacheng , Hao Chenyang , Guo Shuqin , Li Yingchen , Ren Jiuzhou , Zhou Liwei , Zhao Jinshi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is very urgent to build memristive synapses and even wearable devices to simulate the basic functions of biological synapses. The linear conductance modulation is the basis of analog memristor for neuromorphic computing. By optimizing the interface engineering wherein Ta/TiO
x
/TaO
x
/Ru was fabricated, all the memristor devices with different TiO
x
thickness showed electroforming-free property. The short-term and long-term plasticity in both potentiation and depression behaviors can be mimicked when TiO
x
was fixed at 25 nm. The presented memristive synapses simulated the stable paired-pulse facilitation and spike-timing dependent plasticity performance. The potentiation and depression in linearity and symmetry improved with the TiO
x
thickness increasing, which provides the feasibility for the application of artificial neural network. In addition, the device deposited on polyimide (PI) still exhibits the synaptic performance until the bending radii reaches 6 mm. By carefully tuning the interface engineering, this study can provide general revelation for continuous improvement of the memristive performance in neuromorphic applications.
Compactification for asymptotically autonomous dynamical systems: theory, applications and invariant manifolds
Authors: Wieczorek Sebastian , Xie Chun , Jones Chris K R T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We develop a general compactification framework to facilitate analysis of nonautonomous ODEs where nonautonomous terms decay asymptotically. The strategy is to compactify the problem: the phase space is augmented with a bounded but open dimension and then extended at one or both ends by gluing in flow-invariant subspaces that carry autonomous dynamics of the limit systems from infinity. We derive the weakest decay conditions possible for the compactified system to be continuously differentiable on the extended phase space. This enables us to use equilibria and other compact invariant sets of the limit systems from infinity to analyze the original nonautonomous problem in the spirit of dynamical systems theory. Specifically, we prove that solutions of interest are contained in unique invariant manifolds of saddles for the limit systems when embedded in the extended phase space. The uniqueness holds in the general case, that is even if the compactification gives rise to a centre direction and the manifolds become centre or centre-stable manifolds. A wide range of problems including pullback attractors, rate-induced critical transitions (R-tipping) and nonlinear wave solutions fit naturally into our framework, and their analysis can be greatly simplified by the compactification.
Possibilities of a laboratory experiment on investigation of auroral kilometric radiation in the near-Earth plasma
Authors: Viktorov Mikhail , Chernyshov Alexander , Chugunin Dmitry , Mogilevsky Mikhail 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Observations are reported of electromagnetic emissions at frequencies above the electron gyrofrequency in a mirror-confined electron cyclotron resonance plasma. These emissions are interpreted as the excitation of the fast extraordinary wave at the fundamental harmonic of the electron gyrofrequency, similar to the excitation of the auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) of the Earth. The paper proposes a method for studying the temporal characteristics of physical processes occurring in the auroral electron acceleration region, which is applied to the AKR measurements onboard INTERBALL-2 spacecraft and adopted to the measurements of laboratory plasma emissions. The joint data analysis of satellite measurements and the results of laboratory experiments showed similarities in the cyclotron instability development.
Z-scheme g-C3N4/Fe2O3 for efficient photo-oxidation of benzylamine under mild conditions
Authors: Chen Yefeng , Tang Dan , Wang Zhuhan , Li Wen , Yin Mengyun , Yang Qin , Zhou Yafen , Zhang Kaiming , Kan Taotao , Zhou Limei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As an important intermediate, imine is widely used in industrial chemistry. The photocatalytic oxidation of amines to form imines is a green and economical method. But it remains a challenge for the efficient transformation under mild conditions. Herein, a Z-scheme carbon nitride (CM)-Fe2O3 heterojunction photocatalyst was synthesized by in-situ preparation of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on two-dimensional CM nanosheets. The as-prepared catalyst exhibited efficient photocatalysis activity in selective oxidation of benzylamine to N-benzylidene benzylamine. Under ambient air and room temperature, the selectivity and conversion rate both can reach 99.9%, and the corresponding turnover frequency value reaches up to 9.99 mmol g−1 h−1, superior to the most of heterogeneous photocatalysts reported in previous literatures. The excellent catalytic activity of the modified CM material may be due to the enhanced absorption of visible light and the improved photogenerated carrier separation and migration rate, and the Z-scheme mechanism also retains the strong oxidation and reduction ability of the composite material. This work will provide a promising and practical method to promote the photocatalytic conversion of solar-driven organics.
Ridge-channel AlGaN/GaN normally-off high-electron mobility transistor based on epitaxial lateral overgrowth
Authors: Ji Xiaoli , Fariza Aqdas , Zhao Jie , Wang Maojun , Wang Junxi , Yang Fuhua , Li Jinmin , Wei Tongbo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A ridge-channel AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT) utilizing selective-area growth and epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) technique is proposed in this work to achieve high-performance normally-off devices. It has a c-plane platform for the source and the drain contacts, and sidewalls of

10

1
ˉ

1

lattice plane for the gate contact. The sidewalls have characteristics of weak polarization and thin barrier, which are advantageous for realizing normally-off operation. Two ridge HEMTs with triangular and trapezoid channel are designed. Theoretical simulation demonstrates a threshold voltage of 0.03 V for the sidewall channel with reduced polarization and barrier thickness, and a threshold voltage of 1.1–1.3 V for the ridge HEMTs assuming no polarization charge in sidewall channel. The ridge-channel device also exhibits high saturation drain current. The ELO-based ridge-channel opens a new way to achieve normally-off AlGaN/GaN HEMT.
An analytical solution for McIntyre’s model of avalanche triggering probability for SPAD compact modeling and performance exploration
Authors: Chaves De Albuquerque Tulio , Issartel Dylan , Gao Shaochen , Benhammou Younes , Golanski Dominique , Clerc Raphaël , Calmon Francis 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are widely used to monitor fast and weak optical signals. The modeling of two main figures of merit of SPAD, namely the dark count rate (DCR) and the photon detection probability, requires one to calculate the avalanche triggering probability (ATP), usually obtained by numerically solving two transcendental equations (the McIntyre model) as post processing of technology computer-aided design simulations. This paper proposes an analytical alternative to this approach, exploiting an approximation of the impact ionization rates, in principle valid only under high field conditions, but extended to all fields by a simple fitting procedure. The proposed approximated/analytical ATP calculation can be efficient and relevant for SPAD compact modeling that is compatible with a spice-like simulator. As an illustration, a full analytical calculation for DCR based on both ATP and generation terms for a P+N abrupt diode junction is presented.
Shape memory polymer composite unit with embedded heater
Authors: Quadrini Fabrizio , Iorio Leandro , Bellisario Denise , Santo Loredana 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A shape memory polymer composite (SMPC) unit has been manufactured with embedded heater. The structure of the SMPC unit has been designed to allow reaching high recovery loads with a reduced size of the functional device. The unit is a composite sandwich with four carbon fibre reinforced (CFR) plies, two SMP foam cores, and one SMP interlayer. In the mid-plane of the sandwich the heater is integrated, being immersed in the SMP interlayer. The adopted manufacturing procedure was able to provide the necessary consolidation in one step moulding thanks to the use, during lamination, of pre-formed SMP cores, and uncured SMP powder for the interlayer. The SMP cores were manufactured by solid state foaming of the same SM epoxy powder. SMPC laminates, without the embedded heater, were also manufactured for testing as well as traditional four-ply CFR laminates. Several tests were carried out for temperature calibration and for investigating SM properties of the SMPC laminates and unit. Dynamic mechanical analyses, hot bending tests, and microscopic observations were performed on CFR and SMPC laminates. It was found that the SMP layers reduce the glass transition temperature of the laminates as well as the transition onset temperature and, above all, the extension of the transition range thus providing the trigger effect to the SMPC transition. Double-cycle SM tests were carried on the SMPC unit at different temperatures from 160 °C to 190 °C. The unit (20 × 45 mm2) was able to exert recovery loads over 7.4 N almost independently from the temperature and without any evidence of failure after several repeated tests. High values were measured also for the shape fixity and shape recovery which were, on average, higher than 96% and 95%, respectively.
Photoionization of nS and nD Rydberg atoms of Rb and Cs from the near-infrared to the ultraviolet spectral region
Authors: Viray Michael A , Paradis Eric , Raithel Georg 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present calculations of the photoionization (PI) cross sections of rubidium and cesium Rydberg atoms for light with wavelengths ranging from the infrared to the ultraviolet, using model potentials from Marinescu et al (1994 Phys. Rev. A
49 982). The origins of pronounced PI minima are identified by investigating the free-electron wavefunctions. These include broad PI minima in the nS to ϵP PI channels of both Rb and Cs, with free-electron energy ϵ, which are identified as Cooper minima. Much narrower PI minima in the nD to ϵF channels are due to shape resonances of the free-electron states. We describe possible experimental procedures for measuring the PI minima, and we discuss their implications in fundamental atomic physics as well as in practical applications. Measurements of PI cross sections of Rydberg atoms may serve as a sensitive probe for many-electron interactions of the Rydberg electron in the atomic core region.
Generalization of the Tavis–Cummings model for multi-level anharmonic systems
Authors: Campos-Gonzalez-Angulo J A , Ribeiro R F , Yuen-Zhou J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The interaction between anharmonic quantum emitters (e.g. molecular vibrations) and confined electromagnetic fields gives rise to quantum states with optical and chemical properties that are different from those of their precursors. The exploration of these properties has been typically constrained to the first excitation manifold, the harmonic approximation, ensembles of two-level systems [Tavis–Cummings (TC) model], or the anharmonic single-molecule case. The present work studies, for the first time, a collective ensemble of identical multi-level anharmonic emitters and their dipolar interaction with a photonic cavity mode, which is an exactly solvable many-body problem. The permutational properties of the system allow identifying symmetry classified submanifolds in the energy spectrum. Notably, in this approach, the number of particles, typically in the order of several millions, becomes only a parameter from the operational standpoint, and the size of the dimension of the matrices to diagonalize is independent of it. The formalism capabilities are illustrated by showing the energy spectrum structure, up to the third excitation manifold, and the calculation of the photon contents as a permutationally invariant quantity. Emphasis is placed on (a) the collective (superradiant) scalings of light–matter couplings and the various submanifolds of dark (subradiant) states with no counterpart in the single-molecule case, as well as (b) the delocalized modes containing more than one excitation per molecule with no equivalent in the TC model. We expect these findings to be applicable in the study of non-linear spectroscopy and chemistry of polaritons.
Static bifurcation and vibrational resonance in an asymmetric fractional-order delay Duffing system
Authors: Li Ruihong , Li Jun , Huang Dongmei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Static bifurcation and vibrational resonance in a fractional-order delay Duffing system with asymmetric potential are studied. By utilizing the fast and slow variable separation approach, the static bifurcation is discussed based on the equivalent system. It is found when fractional order and time delay change, the static bifurcation of fractional-order system with asymmetric potential is different from that of system with symmetric potential. In addition, changes in asymmetric parameter can also induce saddle-node bifurcation. Furthermore, according to the approximate analytical expression of response amplitude, the effects of high frequency amplitude, fractional order and asymmetric parameter on vibrational resonance are investigated. The results show that the number of resonance peaks of asymmetric potential system is related to the selection of initial value and the change of asymmetric parameter can also induce vibrational resonance. In the meantime, the good agreement between theoretical prediction and numerical simulation confirms the validity of theoretical analysis.
Isospin effects of projectile fragmentation in a Boltzmann-Langevin approach *
Authors: Li Bing , Tang Na , Zhang Feng-Shou 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The isospin effects of projectile fragmentation at intermediate energies are investigated using an isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Langevin model. The collisions of mass-symmetric reactions including 58Fe, 58Ni + 58Fe, and 58Ni at intermediate energies, in the 30 to 100 MeV/A range, are studied for different symmetry energies. Yield ratios of the isotopic, isobaric, and isotonic pairs of fragments from the intermediate-mass region using three symmetry energies are extracted as functions of the N/Z ratio of the composite systems in the entrance channel and the incident energies. It is found that the yield ratios are sensitive to symmetry energies, especially for neutron-rich systems, and the calculations using soft symmetry energy are closer to the experimental data. The isospin effect is stronger for the soft symmetry energy, owing to the competition of the repulsive Coulomb force and the symmetry energy attractive force on the proton. For the first time, the splits are presented, revealing a transition from the isospin equilibrium at lower energies to translucency at intermediate energies. The results show a degree of transparency in that intermediate mass fragments undergo a transition from dependence on the composite systems in the entrance channel to reliance on the projectile and target nuclei.
Simulations of ICRF heating of fusion oriented plasmas in plane-stratified and full toroidal geometry
Authors: Brambilla M. , Bilato R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We compare results from the fully toroidal TORIC–SSFPQL package (Brambilla and Bilato 2006 Nucl. Fusion
46 s387) and from the plane-stratified geometry solver FELICE (Brambilla 1989 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
31 723) to illustrate the advantages and the limitations of the two approaches for the simulations of Ion Cyclotron Radio Frequency heating of tokamak plasmas. We point out that some of the predictions of the plane-stratified models do not straightforwardly apply to the true toroidal configuration. This is the case, in particular, for the excitation of guided modes between the plasma surface and the vessel.
Multi-task service composition model considering competitive resource constraint in cloud manufacturing
Authors: Zhongning Wang , Yankai Wang , Ronghua Chen , Hui Huang , Bin Luo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Service composition optimization is one of the core issues of cloud manufacturing research. At present, relevant researches mostly focus on single-task service composition, and there are few reports on the problem of multi-task service composition considering resource competition. However, in the real cloud manufacturing environment, multi-task service composition is common, so how to formulate a robust multi-task service composition model is a meaningful research direction. This paper first proposes a multi-task service composition optimization model considering resource competition constraints (MTSCOM-RCC) in the cloud manufacturing environment to fill the above-mentioned gap. The MTSCOM-RCC model considers the conflicts of interest and time between parallel subtasks and proposes an important service evaluation indicator. Secondly, a two-layer coding method, including task layer and subtask, is proposed based on studying the MTSCOM-RCC’s competition mechanism and characteristics. An improved hybrid genetic artificial bee colony algorithm model is proposed to solve the multi-task model. The model is combined with the global optimization method and task queue optimization method. Experimental results prove that the two-layer task optimization method model is more feasible and effective than the other two solution models.
Reservoir charaterization using J-atribute as a new attribute to reduce ambiguity in predicting reservoirs
Authors: Dwinanda I G , Haris A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Amplitude Variation Offset (AVO) technique has often been used to predict the deposition of hydrocarbons. Knott and Zoeppritz developed the AVO method by using values of primary wave velocity (vp), secondary wave velocity (vs) and density. Then, Rutherford and William divide AVO into 4 classes based on intercept and gradient charts. This method is successfully used to predict hydrocarbons. However, in some cases there are still ambiguities and misinterpretations such as those occurring in oil and water which assess large porosity and similar characters, so that in this study required a new AVO attribute proposed by the name J-attribute to study hydrocarbons and use ambiguous in the results interpretation. The J-attribute method is a new method in Indonesia, which has not yet been tried in the Indonesian field so this research wants to prove the working principle of the J-attribute method required to provide maximum results in determining the fluid. This method is carried out in the Fauna Field, which is made in the North Sumatra Basin. The data used in this study 3 wells equipped with markers and log data such as Gamma Ray, SP, Caliper, Neutron Porosity, Density, Resistivity, DT, Photoelectric, and check shot.
Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using immobilized titania in activated carbon from Canarium ovatum Engl. nut shell
Authors: Gasga K , Rebuya N , Lasarte E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Presented study determined the photocatalytic treatment of phenol in aqueous medium using titania (TiO2) immobilized in activated carbon derived from charred Canarium ovatum Engl. nut shell through boil deposition method. Composite dosage, irradiation time, initial phenol concentration, and pH were varied to investigate how percent degradation of phenol would respond. The investigation showed that amongst all parameters, only pH has a significant effect to the photocatalytic degradation of phenol, wherein degradation increases as pH value decreases. Moreover, Design Expert® showed that 90.437% phenol degradation will be achieved using optimum values.
Analysis of suspended sediment distribution in Lamteng waters, Nasi Island, Aceh Besar District, Indonesia
Authors: Arsyami Y F , Purnawan S , Yuni S M , Setiawan I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The presence of sediment in the water column that moves without touching the bottom is known as suspended sediment. The distribution of suspended sediments in the coastal area is strongly influenced by river flows and ocean currents. Thus, this study aims to determine the distribution pattern and level of suspended sediment concentration in Lamteng waters, Nasi Island, Aceh Besar District. This research was conducted in October and December 2019. Samples were taken from 15 stations from the research location, each in October and December. Total suspended solids (TSS) samples were analysed using the Gravimetric method, in which the TSS value distribution was presented using the Natural Neighbour method. The results showed that the average TSS value in October was higher than in December. TSS in Lamteng waters shows a value that exceeds the quality standard value based on the Ministry of Environment.
The impact of the science technology society (STS) approach on critical thinking ability and student learning outcomes
Authors: Mulyanti S , Halim A , Murniati  , Ilyas S , Syukri M , Mursal  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The research objective was to determine the application of the science and technology society (STS) approach in improving critical thinking ability (CTA) and student learning outcomes (LO) at High School Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar. This study used a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pre-test Post-test design. The instrument used in this study was a measurement test of critical thinking ability and learning outcomes. The results of descriptive data analysis show that the application of the Science-Technology-Society approach can improve critical thinking ability and can improve student-learning outcomes in the topic of harmonic oscillation. Besides, it also shows that the post-test score reaches the average value of 88.3 and the average N-gain reaches 75 points that is included in the high criteria of gains. The results of study shows that the science and technology approach to society can improve critical thinking ability and better learning outcomes, especially in the topic of harmonic oscillation.