bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An updated review of mechanistic potentials of melatonin against cancer: pivotal roles in angiogenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress
Authors: Mehrzadi Saeed , Pourhanifeh Mohammad Hossein , Mirzaei Alireza , Moradian Farid , Hosseinzadeh Azam 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCancers are serious life-threatening diseases which annually are responsible for millions of deaths across the world. Despite many developments in therapeutic approaches for affected individuals, the rate of morbidity and mortality is high. The survival rate and life quality of cancer patients is still low. In addition, the poor prognosis of patients and side effects of the present treatments underscores that finding novel and effective complementary and alternative therapies is a critical issue. Melatonin is a powerful anticancer agent and its efficiency has been widely documented up to now. Melatonin applies its anticancer abilities through affecting various mechanisms including angiogenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. Regarding the implication of mentioned cellular processes in cancer pathogenesis, we aimed to further evaluate the anticancer effects of melatonin via these mechanisms.
Using a biopsychosocial approach to examine differences in post-traumatic stress symptoms between Arab and Jewish Israeli mothers following a child’s traumatic medical event
Authors: Hussein Sewar , Sadeh Yaara , Dekel Rachel , Shadmi Efrat , Brezner Amichai , Landa Jana , Silberg Tamar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Parents of children following traumatic medical events (TMEs) are known to be at high risk for developing severe post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Findings on the negative impact of TMEs on parents’ PTSS have been described in different cultures and societies. Parents from ethnic minority groups may be at particularly increased risk for PTSS following their child’s TME due to a host of sociocultural characteristics. Yet, differences in PTSS manifestation between ethnic groups following a child’s TME has rarely been studied.

Objectives
We aimed to examine: (1) differences in PTSS between Israeli-Arab and Israeli-Jewish mothers, following a child’s TME, and (2) risk and protective factors affecting mother’s PTSS from a biopsychosocial approach.

Methods
Data were collected from medical files of children following TMEs, hospitalized in a Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, between 2008 and 2018. The sample included 47 Israeli-Arab mothers and 47 matched Israeli-Jewish mothers. Mothers completed the psychosocial assessment tool (PAT) and the post-traumatic diagnostic scale (PDS).

Results
Arab mothers perceived having more social support than their Jewish counterparts yet reported higher levels of PTSS compared to the Jewish mothers. Our prediction model indicated that Arab ethnicity and pre-trauma family problems predicted higher levels of PTSS among mothers of children following TMEs.

Conclusions
Despite reporting higher social support, Arab mothers reported higher levels of PTSS, as compared to the Jewish mothers. Focusing on ethnic and cultural differences in the effects of a child’s TME may help improve our understanding of the mental-health needs of mothers from different minority groups and aid in developing appropriate health services and targeted interventions for this population.
Current status of treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism
Authors: Xiong Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPatients with cancer are prone to develop venous thromboembolism (VTE) that is the second leading cause of mortality among them. Cancer patients with VTE may encounter higher rates of VTE recurrence and bleeding complications than patients without cancer. Treatment of established VTE is often complex in patients with cancer. Treatment of cancer-associated VTE basically comprises initial treatment, long-term treatment, treatment within 6 months, treatment beyond 6 months, treatment of recurrent VTE, and treatment in special situations. Decision of antithrombotic therapy, selection of anticoagulants, duration of anticoagulation, decision of adjuvant therapy, and adjustment of regimen in special situations are the major problems in the treatment of cancer-associated VTE. Therapeutic anticoagulation is the key of the key in the treatment of cancer-associated VTE. In addition to the efficacy and safety of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) that has been fully demonstrated, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly showing its advantages along with the accompanying concern in the treatment of cancer-associated VTE. The latest ASCO, ITAC and NCCN guidelines agree with each other on most aspects with respect to the treatment of cancer-associated VTE, whereas differ on a few issues. Encompassing recent randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, and meta-analyses, as well as the comparison of the latest authoritative guidelines including the NCCN, ASCO, and ITAC guidelines in this field, the objective of this review is to present current overview and recommendations for the treatment of cancer-associated VTE.
Diaphragm reconstruction by GORE DUALMESH in patients undergoing resection for thoracic malignancies
Authors: Sano Atsushi , Azuma Yoko , Sakai Takashi , Koezuka Satoshi , Otsuka Hajime , Iyoda Akira 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe used GORE DUALMESH for the reconstruction of diaphragms in patients with thoracic malignancies. Here, we report the results.MethodsBetween July 2015 and August 2017, diaphragm reconstruction using 2-mm GORE DUALMESH was performed in 7 patients undergoing surgical resection for thoracic malignancies. After resection of the diaphragm, the mesh was trimmed to the size of defect and placed with the smooth surface facing the chest cavity and the rough surface facing the abdomen. It was fixed with interrupted sutures consisting of synthetic monofilament nonabsorbable 1–0 to 2 threads.ResultsIndications for resection were malignant pleural mesothelioma and primary lung cancer in 5 and 2 patients, respectively. Patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma underwent pleurectomy with decortication; patients with primary lung cancer underwent lung lobectomy. Right and left diaphragm reconstruction was performed for 4 and 3 patients, respectively. Neither complications related to diaphragm reconstruction nor displacement of mesh occurred during a follow-up period ranging from 11 days to 37 months.ConclusionsGORE DUALMESH is a good synthetic material for diaphragm reconstruction, because its smooth surface prevents adhesions to the lung and its rough surface allows adherence to abdominal tissue.
A novel de novo DDX3X missense variant in a female with brachycephaly and intellectual disability: a case report
Authors: Moresco Giada , Costanza Jole , Santaniello Carlo , Rondinone Ornella , Grilli Federico , Prada Elisabetta , Orcesi Simona , Coro Ilaria , Pichiecchio Anna , Marchisio Paola , Miozzo Monica , Fontana Laura , Milani Donatella 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
De novo pathogenic variants in the DDX3X gene are reported to account for 1–3% of unexplained intellectual disability (ID) in females, leading to the rare disease known as DDX3X syndrome (MRXSSB, OMIM #300958). Besides ID, these patients manifest a variable clinical presentation, which includes neurological and behavioral defects, and abnormal brain MRIs.

Case presentation
We report a 10-year-old girl affected by delayed psychomotor development, delayed myelination, and polymicrogyria (PMG). We identified a novel de novo missense mutation in the DDX3X gene (c.625C > G) by whole exome sequencing (WES). The DDX3X gene encodes a DEAD-box ATP-dependent RNA-helicase broadly implicated in gene expression through regulation of mRNA metabolism. The identified mutation is located just upstream the helicase domain and is suggested to impair the protein activity, thus resulting in the altered translation of DDX3X-dependent mRNAs. The proband, presenting with the typical PMG phenotype related to the syndrome, does not show other clinical signs frequently reported in presence of missense DDX3X mutations that are associated with a most severe clinical presentation. In addition, she has brachycephaly, never described in female DDX3X patients, and macroglossia, that has never been associated with the syndrome.

Conclusions
This case expands the knowledge of DDX3X pathogenic variants and the associated DDX3X syndrome phenotypic spectrum.
The relationship of maternal anxiety, positive and negative affect schedule, and fatigue with neonatal psychological health upon childbirth
Authors: Dokuhaki Sara , Dokuhaki Fateme , Akbarzadeh Marzieh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Exposure of mothers to negative moods and stress before childbirth leads to negative consequences for the infants. Given the importance of psychological health, this study aimed to examine the effect of these factors on the infants’ psychological health.

Method
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shiraz hospitals on 110 pregnant women selected with multistage random sampling. Research tools included The McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) to measure fatigue with three criteria; The Positive and Negative Emotion Schedule (PANAS); and The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used to measure maternal mood and anxiety level. Also, neonatal psychological health was assessed by a checklist. Neonatal psychological health’s correlation with maternal anxiety, fatigue, and mental state was assessed. Data were analyzed by SPSS-19 software using Pearson correlation coefficient and statistical regression at the significance level of 0.05.

Result
Although there was no significant relationship between maternal anxiety score and neonatal psychological health after birth (p = 0.231; r=-0.343), the relationship was significant immediately after birth with positive (P < 0.001; r = 0.343) and negative affect scores (P < 0.001; r=-0.357).

Conclusions
There was a statistically significant relationship between the neonatal psychological health and maternal fatigue (p ≤ 0.001; r = -0.357) and PANAS (p ≤ 0.001) of the mother; however, it had no significant relationship with maternal anxiety (p = 0.231; r=- 0.343). Therefore, nurses and midwives can reduce maternal anxiety and improve neonatal mental health by supporting mothers.
Predicting the outcome in confirmed COVID-19 patients with coronary artery disease: a key role for the first chest computed tomography
Authors: Omidi Negar , Lotfi-Tokaldany Masoumeh , Shirani Shapour , Salarifar Mojtaba , Poorhosseini Hamidreza , Ghorashi Seyyed Mojtaba , Aein Afsaneh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Serial chest computed tomography (CT) scans are used to detect coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia and monitor the disease course. This study investigates relationship between total severity score by first chest CT and the outcome of coronavirus COVID-19 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Results
A total of 48 patients with a history of CAD (mean age=60.83±3.06 years, 75% male) with positive real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19 were included. Outcome was defined as acute respiratory distress syndrome or death. The unadjusted and adjusted effects of the CT score on the outcome were reported through odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Outcome occurred in 17 (35.5%) patients (8 deaths). The CT score was directly and significantly correlated with the outcome in the univariate analysis (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.12–1.70; P=0.003) and remained significant after adjustment for diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, and serum level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.11–2.05; P=0.009). Outcome rate was 24.1% in patients with a CT score <2.5, whereas it was 8.3% in patients with a CT score>2.5.

Conclusions
The first chest CT score could be a robust predictor of adverse events in confirmed COVID-19 patients with coronary artery disease.
Understanding and reducing refusals of personal care in dementia
Authors: Backhouse Tamara 
Published: March 2021

Background: Refusals of assistance with personal care in dementia can be a major source of distress for people living with dementia and their caregivers. Aims: This article examines refusals of care and considers ways of minimising them. Methods: Summary of factors related to refusals of care. Findings: Refusals of care in dementia are common, can occur for many reasons, and can contribute to poor hygiene and caregiver burden. Safeguarding legislation is in place to help guide practitioners and person-centred care can be one way to help reduce and manage refusals. Charities and other organisations suggest multiple ideas to manage refusals. Research evidence for formal interventions is limited, with most evidence for music interventions, bathing modifications and communication techniques. Conclusions: A holistic approach tailored to each person could prevent, reduce or manage refusals of care. Using non-pharmacological interventions and person-centred care, modifying the caregiver approach, adapting to the person’s preferences, minimising the care task, eliminating underlying issues and altering the environment may reduce the likelihood of refusals.
Assessing body condition scores assigned to images of dogs by veterinary nurses working in urban, rural and suburban settings in New Zealand
Authors: Harvey Laura C , Fontaine SJ 
Published: March 2021

Background: Canine obesity is a growing problem, both in New Zealand and overseas. Veterinary nurses play a vital role as part of the veterinary healthcare team in ensuring clients are provided with timely, accurate, and consistent advice, and this includes advice relating to a pet's nutritional status and body condition. Aim: To investigate if there were any differences in body condition scores assigned to images of canines by veterinary nurses working in urban, suburban, and rural settings. Methods: Veterinary nurses (restricted to those with a minimum of 2 years formal training) in New Zealand were recruited online and asked to complete a short, online survey providing a body condition score for 10 dogs of varying morphology, via a photograph. Results: There were 77 useable responses and results showed no significant difference to the score assigned by veterinary nurses in different geographical settings. Conclusion: These results provide assurances to the consistency of body condition score being assigned by veterinary nurses in New Zealand, showing that geographical setting is not a confounding factor in a veterinary nurse's interpretation of body condition. While this result is optimistic, further research is needed to determine if this consistency is present across other members of the healthcare team.
A randomized controlled trial of combination of peppermint, lavender, and turmeric oil for antipruritic agent in pregnant women
Authors: Retno Asih Fransisca , Husin Farid , Suwarsa Oki , Fidrianny Irda , Hilmanto Dany 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Pruritus is the most common dermatological complaint that occurs during pregnancy, which is around 14–20%. No research related to herbal products to reduce some of the characteristics of pruritus at once has been conducted. This study aimed to assess the effect of blending oil to reduce pruritus based on visual analog scale (VAS).
METHODS This was a single-blind, randomized clinical trial that included 57 pregnant women who were at 25–38 weeks of gestation, had a pruritus during pregnancy, a single pregnancy, a level I and II pruritus and a moderate to severe pruritus based on VAS. Pruritus scores were measured using VAS in both the treatment and control groups. The treatment and control groups applied blending oil and placebo, respectively, twice a day after bathing for 2 weeks. Mann–Whitney U, paired t, and chi-square tests were used for the analysis.
RESULTS Pruritus reduction in pregnant women who received blending oil was higher than those using placebo (61.08% versus 12.41%, p<0.05). 83% of subjects using blending oils had a reduction of pruritus by >25 mm. Pregnant women who used placebo had a six times greater risk of experiencing pruritus than those who used blending oil (RR = 5.8, 95% CI = 2.613–12.874).
CONCLUSIONS Blending oil can be used topically to treat a pruritus in pregnant women.
The effectiveness of anti-inflammatory and anti-seizure medication for individuals with single enhancing lesion neurocysticercosis: A meta-analysis and expert group-based consensus recommendations
Authors: Abraham Annette , Bustos Javier A. , Carabin Hélène , de Meijere Robert , Sahu Priyadarshi S. , Rajshekhar Vedantam , Singh Gagandeep , White A. Clinton , Chiodini Peter L. , Gabriël Sarah , Homeida Mamoun , Nash Theodore , Ngowi Bernard , Zhou Xiao Nong , Coyle Christina , Garcia Hector H. , Winkler Andrea S. 
Published: March 2021

Single brain enhancing lesions (SEL) are the most common presentation of neurocysticercosis (NCC) observed on neuroimaging in people presenting with epileptic seizures not only on the Indian sub-continent and in travelers returning from cysticercosis-endemic regions, but are also present in other parts of the world.
The aim of this study, which consisted of a systematic review (CRD42019087665), a meta-analysis and an expert group consultation, was to reach consensus on the best anti-seizure medication and anti-inflammatory treatment for individuals with SEL NCC.
Standard literature review methods were used. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used and random effects model meta-analyses were performed. The quality of the body of evidence was rated using GRADE tables. The expert committee included 12 gender and geographically balanced members and recommendations were reached by applying the GRADE framework for guideline development.
The 1–1.5-year cumulative incidence of seizure recurrence, cyst resolution or calcification following anti-seizure medication (ASM) withdrawal was not statistically different between ASM of 6, 12 or 24 months. In contrast, in persons whose cyst calcified post treatment, longer ASM decreased seizure recurrence. The cumulative incidence ratio (CIR) 1–1.5 years after stopping ASM was 1.79 95% CI: (1.00, 3.20) for patients given 6 versus 24 months treatment.
Anti-inflammatory treatment with corticosteroids in patients treated with ASM compared to patients treated with ASM only showed a statistically significant beneficial effect on seizure reduction (CIR 0.44, 95% CI 0.23, 0.85) and cyst resolution (CIR 1.37, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.75).
Our results indicate that ASM in patients with SEL NCC whose cysts resolved can be withdrawn, while patients whose cysts calcified seem to benefit from prolonged anti-seizure medication. Additional corticosteroid treatment was found to have a beneficial effect both on seizure reduction and cyst resolution.
Characterizing COVID-19 clinical phenotypes and associated comorbidities and complication profiles
Authors: Lusczek Elizabeth R. , Ingraham Nicholas E. , Karam Basil S. , Proper Jennifer , Siegel Lianne , Helgeson Erika S. , Lotfi-Emran Sahar , Zolfaghari Emily J. , Jones Emma , Usher Michael G. , Chipman Jeffrey G. , Dudley R. Adams , Benson Bradley , Melton Genevieve B. , Charles Anthony , Lupei Monica I. , Tignanelli Christopher J. 
Published: March 2021

PurposeHeterogeneity has been observed in outcomes of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Identification of clinical phenotypes may facilitate tailored therapy and improve outcomes. The purpose of this study is to identify specific clinical phenotypes across COVID-19 patients and compare admission characteristics and outcomes.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients from March 7, 2020 to August 25, 2020 at 14 U.S. hospitals. Ensemble clustering was performed on 33 variables collected within 72 hours of admission. Principal component analysis was performed to visualize variable contributions to clustering. Multinomial regression models were fit to compare patient comorbidities across phenotypes. Multivariable models were fit to estimate associations between phenotype and in-hospital complications and clinical outcomes.ResultsThe database included 1,022 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Three clinical phenotypes were identified (I, II, III), with 236 [23.1%] patients in phenotype I, 613 [60%] patients in phenotype II, and 173 [16.9%] patients in phenotype III. Patients with respiratory comorbidities were most commonly phenotype III (p = 0.002), while patients with hematologic, renal, and cardiac (all p<0.001) comorbidities were most commonly phenotype I. Adjusted odds of respiratory, renal, hepatic, metabolic (all p<0.001), and hematological (p = 0.02) complications were highest for phenotype I. Phenotypes I and II were associated with 7.30-fold (HR:7.30, 95% CI:(3.11–17.17), p<0.001) and 2.57-fold (HR:2.57, 95% CI:(1.10–6.00), p = 0.03) increases in hazard of death relative to phenotype III.ConclusionWe identified three clinical COVID-19 phenotypes, reflecting patient populations with different comorbidities, complications, and clinical outcomes. Future research is needed to determine the utility of these phenotypes in clinical practice and trial design.
Acesso à Justiça nos Sistemas de Crise (Estado de Sítio e de Defesa) na Constituição de 1988, em Perspectiva Comparada à Ditadura Militar Brasileira (1964-1985)
Authors: Artiaga Paula Carlos Eduardo , Pereira Maroubo Felipe 
Published: March 2021

A temática do acesso à justiça passou a demandar maior aprofundamento e complexidade de modo a compreender as novas perspectivas alcançadas pela democracia brasileira. A ditadura militar no Brasil representou uma mitigação no acesso à justiça aos cidadãos, em especial, à queles envolvidos com a luta político-ideológica de resistência às arbitrariedades cometidas em nome da segurança nacional. Diante dessa constatação, visa-se perquirir, em perspectiva comparada à ditadura militar brasileira (1964-1985), a possibilidade de assegurar os direitos fundamentais em face do abuso do poder estatal em períodos de sistema de crise no âmbito da Constituição de 1988. O material coletado, por intermédio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, está organizado em três capítulos de forma lógica, sistemática e teleológica. No primeiro capítulo, serão analisadas referências para destacar a evolução do acesso à justiça, deduzindo, em especial, a temática nos períodos de normalidade constitucional, tanto no período do liberalismo econômico quanto no do estado social. O segundo passo consiste na análise da ditadura militar brasileira e dos sistemas de crise na Constituição de 1988. Por fim, na derradeira etapa, serão analisadas as fontes documentais, notadamente, reportagens jornalísticas e depoimentos, à luz do arcabouço teórico construído nos dois primeiros capítulos com perspectiva a avançar na resposta à indagação da possibilidade de ter um acesso à justiça eficaz a ponto de proteger os direitos do cidadão em situações de crise, à luz da concepção de acesso à ordem jurídica justa, como um instrumento à disposição do cidadão para reivindicar a declaração e a efetivação de direitos.