bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Chromium Allergy and Contact Dermatitis: 10 Years Evolution
Authors: Afonso Alexandre , Silva Joana , Silva Ricardo , Pacheco Vânia , Pinheiro Vítor , Antunes Isabel , Gonçalo Margarida 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Chromium has been responsible for occupational skin disease, both irritant and/or allergic contact dermatitis. In order to minimize this problem, regulatory measures limiting its use have been implemented. The impact of these regulations should be monitored over time.
Material and Methods: A retrospective study from 2009 to 2018 was carried out in the Department of Dermatology to assess the temporal trend of chromium sensitization evaluated by patch testing with potassium dichromate 0.5% pet, particularly considering age, sex and its relationship with occupational activity.
Results: 3277 individuals were studied, 2369 females (72.29%) and 908 males (27.71%). Of those 621 (18.95%) fulfilled criteria for occupational contact dermatitis. Chromium allergy was found in 118 (3.60%) patients, 64 females (54.4%) and 54 males (45.76%). We found that male patients were significantly more frequent (45.76% vs 27.03%; p<0.001), as well as occupational dermatitis (31.35% vs 18.47%; p<0.001), hand dermatitis (53.54% vs 23.52%; p<0.001) and age above 40 years (70.34% vs 56.76%; p=0.003).
Discussion/Conclusion: The results show a high prevalence (3.60%) of chromium positive patch tests. In our study, there has not been a significant decrease in sensitization to chromium over the years. Interestingly cases classically related to this allergy (cement in the building industry) are no longer the main cause of the problem. We found other sources such as leather as a main cause of allergic sensitization, suggesting a change of the panorama.
Isotretinoin, Acne and Depression: A Prospective Controlled Study
Authors: V. Langer Laura , Prim Lucas , Skare Thelma , Wrublevski Virginia , Nisihara Renato 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Acne and isotretinoin, one of its treatment, have been linked to the occurrence of depression. Our aim was to study if isotretinoin is associated with depression in a sample of acne patients followed for 6 months comparing them with acne patients under other treatment modalities and control patients without acne.
Methods: One hundred individuals were included: 50 controls and 50 with acne (24 using and 26 not using isotretinoin). Patients and controls answered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 12 Item-Short Form Health Survey for quality of life (SF-12). Acne patients repeated this evaluation in 90 and 180 days.
Results: No differences were found between controls and acne patients regarding BDI results but controls performed worse in the SF-12 mental domain (p=0.004). No differences were found within the acne group between those treated and not treated with isotretinoin in the comparison of the BDI and SF-12 (mental and physical domains) in days 0. 90 and 180 (all with p>0.05).
Conclusion: In this small sample isotretinoin treatment showed to be safe regarding the occurrence of depression.
Peningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis melalui Media Gambar Berseri dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN Kelapa 2 Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Rismayanti Netty 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis melalui media gambar berseri dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas VIII SMPN Kelapa 2 Kabupaten Tangerang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 35 siswa yang terdiri dari 15 siswa laki-laki dan 20 siswa perempuan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan model spiral dari Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Adapun tahap-tahap penelitian tindakan kelas menurut Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Peningkatan nilai tes menulis dari kondisi awal ke siklus I hingga siklus III yaitu nilai rata-rata pada kondisi awal 59,67 dengan presentase ketuntasan 43,33% (18 orang), pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 65,33 dengan persentase ketuntasan 60% (23 orang), pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 72 dengan presentase ketuntasan 73,33% (27 orang), dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 75,66 dengan persentase ketuntasan 86,66% (31 orang). Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian tindakan kelas terhadap 35 siswa yaitu dengan meningkatnya nilai rata-rata dari kondisi awal sebesar 59,67 meningkat menjadi 65,33 pada siklus I, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 72 dan pada siklus III meningkat menjadi 75,66. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa media gambar berseri pada pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa kelas VIII SMPN Kelapa 2 Kabupaten Tangerang. Para guru bahasa Inggris diharapkan menggunakan dan menerapkan media gambar berseri dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris pada materi menulis di kelas. Guru bahasa Inggris dapat menggunakan media gambar berseri sebagai media pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa, agar siswa dapat dengan mudah mengembangkan ide atau pikirannya dalam menulis.
Improving diagnostics of the cylinder-piston group by pneumatic testing
Authors: Grunin K. E. 
Published: October 2021

The task of authors research was to determine the emerging leaks when compressed air is supplied to the above-piston space under pressure of 4, 5 and 6 kgf / cm2, respectively.
To obtain more reliable results, measurements of the leakage of the above-piston space by pneumatic testing should be performed three times. The deterioration of this tribo-coupling should be assessed by the average values of the obtained values. In order to identify the analytical relationships between the readings of the pneumotester and various types of cylinder malfunctions, it is necessary, to simulate during the experiment the malfunctions most often encountered during ordinary engine operation that affect the tightness of the combustion chamber.
The planned experimental studies were carried out in strict accordance with the tasks and included three stages.
The first stage included the collection and analysis of statistical data on the dependence of engine pneumatic testing indications on various types of cylinder-piston group (CPG) malfunctions during ordinary operation, as well as pneumatic testing of engine cylinders undergoing major repairs and their CPG micrometer size. At the second stage, an experiment to simulate malfunctions on an experimental setup and on a working engine, as well as to determine the influence on the readings of the pneumatic tester of the ratio of leaks in the piston ring sleeve interface was carried out. The third stage included the processing of statistical data, processing of the data obtained directly during the experiment with the introduced CPG malfunctions and the processing of the data obtained when determining the influence of the leakage ratio in the piston ring sleeve interface on the readings of the pneumatic tester.
Results of experimental studies of a tractor equipped with an elastic-damping mechanism when aggregated with a seeder
Authors: Sen'kevich S. E. , Il'chenko YE. N. , Alekseyev I. S. 
Published: October 2021

One of the significant factors influencing the operation of the tractor is the unsteady load that occurs when starting off, during the initial period of acceleration and deceleration. The elastic-damping mechanisms are used to reduce the negative consequences of such loads. Scientists still develop and study their application.
In this article, the analysis of the cross correlation function and the analysis of the mutual spectral density of two processes were carried out. The analyzed processes were the engine crankshaft speed and the drive wheel speed. This analysis shows the change in the speed of the passing load frequencies along the shaft line of the traction class 1,4 wheeled tractor power transmission, where an elastic-damping mechanism is installed. The studies were carried out for the operating conditions of a tractor with a seeder. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the elastic-damping mechanism installed in the power transmission of a tractor on its operation with a trailed seeder.
In the general case, the object of research is the functioning of a tractor of traction class 1,4 process, which is located in a unit with a seeder. Analysis of the mutual correlation function of the two processes showed a change in the speed of the passing load frequencies along the shaft line. The ratio of the propagation time of the disturbance signal in the experimental tractor in relation to the production version along the shaft line when aggregating the tractor with the seeder decreases by 40,1 %. The analysis of the mutual spectral density shows a shift in the frequency of disturbing influences in relation to the serial version and a decrease in their value when the tractor is aggregated with a seeder by 33,3 %. The value of the mutual spectral density is lower in the experimental version of the tractor, which may mean that the elastic-damping mechanism, as an element of the power transmission, absorbs part of the load fluctuations and reduces their propagation speed along the shaft line.
Justification of the form and parameters of the new sorting device for grain materials
Authors: Isgandarzada E. B. , Abbasov B. A. , Ahmadli SH. V. , Islamova U. R. 
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the shape and parameters of a new sorting device for granular materials. The materials of the article substantiate the relevance of the proposed new device, which has a great place in mechanical engineering and agricultural production.
The shape, design parameters and modes of operation of various elements with different: sorting assortment and efficiency indicators were substantiated taking into account the relevance of the device. For this purpose, a new auger sorting device was developed. It was equipped with various automation devices to increase productivity. The satisfactory results were obtained. This sorting device, equipped with an automatic regulator, received a patent from the Copyright Agency of Azerbaijan Republic.
The proposed device does not create conditions for pollution of the production area, it has competitive advantages and high rates of technical and economic efficiency.
An Analysis of Out-of-Pocket Expenditure Due to Non-Availability of Computed Tomography Scan in Public Sector: A Case Study of Hira Medical Center Sukkur Pakistan
Authors: Iftikhar Shahbaz , Naseer Baloch Hammal Khan , Riaz Sonia , Iqbal Sami 
Published: October 2021

Background: Out of pocket (OOP) spending on health contributes significantly to levels of poverty in developing countries such as Pakistan. In poor countries there is reduced or limited access to health services, the issue of affordability and availability which all lead to impaired health status and increased morbidity and mortality rates in developing countries. Catastrophic health expenditure is not always synonymous with high health care costs; even small Out of pocket expenses may cause catastrophic condition for poor people.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study that determined the out of pocket cost of computed tomography scan test (CT scan). The study was conducted from April to June 2015. The study population was those patients who came for CT scan at Hira medical center in district Sukkur Sindh Pakistan. The study sample was one hundred and seventy patients. (n=150). From the perspective of consumer the methodology was adopted, various recurrent costs were determined under different levels of input and cost canters. The data was entered and analyses using SPSS 20 to provide the results as percentages and averages for the different variables in this study.
Results: Through this research we found that out of pocket payments are way too high while putting alot of burden on lower socioeconomic groups. Health expenditure Average cost per patient calculated were Rs. 11000 which means people spend more than 40% of their monthly income on health. There should be a government health facility in the city to compensate the huge cost which people pay for health especially low monthly income people.
Conclusion: Government should introduce a health coverage insurance system in Pakistan in order to cover all health care needs of the people irrespective of their socioeconomic status. Keeping in view high out of pocket spending on health, the Government should subsidize the prices of diagnostic test to give relief to its Population. Community participation is also essential for sustainable solutions.
Hesitancy towards COVID-19 Vaccination and Neutralization of False Perceptions among the Communities
Authors: Weerawarna P.S.H. , Habib Murad , Abbas Muhammad 
Published: October 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), which has invaded every continent very rapidly, has already been a pandemic. The best solution only seems to be the vaccination rather than simple preventive measures such as wearing masks, frequent hand washing, and social distancing.
In this article, we analyze the factors affecting hesitancy, delay, and refusal of Covid-19 vaccines and suggest how to take steps to overcome the vaccine hesitancy, thus increasing acceptance and eliminating the pandemic as soon as possible.
A comprehensive literature search was performed using Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify empirical literature published in English until April 2021.
Several countries and pharmaceutical companies have come up with different vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Since several strains are emerging, more new vaccines will come to the market. The cost, facilities available, and convenience need to be considered in choosing an option for vaccination. Although the world is looking at the positives of vaccines and getting out of this threat, some more factors might slow down that effort. Vaccine hesitancy, delay, or refusal should be discussed extensively as that influences the vaccination process remarkably.
The demographic features of several communities, educational background, socio-economic status, and trust in healthcare services are factors leading to vaccine hesitancy or acceptance. The governments, experts, and healthcare professionals should have an excellent understanding of the factors influencing hesitancy and acceptance and should take necessary steps to encourage the population's vaccination.
The Influence of Curriculum Based on the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework (KKNI) on the Quality of Student Learning (Studies on Students at the State University of Medan)
Authors: Sibarani Blasius Erik 
Published: October 2021

The curriculum is one of the supporting factors of successful learning and of course the curriculum is structured to be able to improve the quality of each student. Currently the current curriculum is being discussed, namely the curriculum based on the Indonesian national qualification framework (KKNI). This curriculum is very closely related to the HOTS system (High Order Thinking Skill), where this system requires students / students to think high-level that requires a variety of different learning and teaching steps by just learning facts and concepts alone. The KKNI curriculum requires students to go directly into the real world / field. This curriculum is also expected to be able to harmonize cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze how the influence of KKNI on the quality of student learning. Data collection techniques are by distributing questionnaires to respondents as many as 40 respondents. The research method used in this study is by using a correlational method that is related to the descriptive method, where the writer will look for the relationship between the variables studied, namely the KKNI towards the quality of student learning. The research approach used by the writer is by using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results showed that there was an influence of the KKNI curriculum on the quality of student learning. The research method used in this study is by using a correlational method that is related to the descriptive method, where the writer will look for the relationship between the variables studied, namely the KKNI towards the quality of student learning. The research approach used by the writer is by using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results showed that there was an influence of the KKNI curriculum on the quality of student learning. The research method used in this study is by using a correlational method that is related to the descriptive method, where the writer will look for the relationship between the variables studied, namely the KKNI towards the quality of student learning. The research approach used by the writer is by using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results showed that there was an influence of the KKNI curriculum on the quality of student learning.
Keywords: Curriculum, HOTS, KKNI
Processo de Ambientação: Experiência com os discentes ingressantes do campus Geraldo Werninghaus de Jaraguá Do Sul
Authors: Vieira Afonso 
Published: October 2021

Neste relato, mostramos um processo de ambientação realizado com discentes ingressantes dos cursos do campus GW de Jaraguá do Sul do IFSC. Inferimos nas avaliações feitas pelos estudantes e observações de atendimentos realizados no setor, de que a proposta metodológica desse experimento - mais acolhedora e dinâmica do que a utilizada nos semestres anteriores - precisa ser mantida e potencializada, bem como, pode consistir-se como uma importante ferramenta de aproximação e combate a evasão.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n4.p115-118.1922
Evaluation of internal quantum efficiency and stimulated emission characteristics in AlGaN-based multiple quantum wells
Authors: Yamada Yoichi , Murotani Hideaki , Maeda Noritoshi , Khan M. Ajmal , Jo Masafumi , Hirayama Hideki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Based on our recent studies, we review our proposed experimental method for evaluating internal quantum efficiency, which is a critical parameter for semiconductor light-emitting device performance. We validated our evaluation method by comparing the results of the efficiency curve analysis using an exciton rate equation model with the results of radiative and nonradiative recombination dynamics obtained by time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. We also review the characteristics of the stimulated emission observed from optically pumped Al
x
Ga1−x
N-based multiple quantum wells. The most important finding was the contribution of excitons to optical gain formation. The excitonic gain is expected to decrease the threshold carrier density for stimulated emission and lead to higher performance of semiconductor laser diodes.
Fabrication of AlN templates by high-temperature face-to-face annealing for deep UV LEDs
Authors: Uesugi Kenjiro , Miyake Hideto 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
AlN templates fabricated via a combination of sputtering deposition and post-deposition high-temperature face-to-face annealing can be applied to deep-ultraviolet (DUV) light-emitting devices because of their extremely low threading dislocation density (TDD) despite their low-cost and simple fabrication process. First, this paper summarizes the overview and essential crystalline characteristics of the face-to-face annealed sputter-deposited AlN template (FFA Sp-AlN). Thereafter, recent progress in the TDD reduction of the FFA Sp-AlN and the metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy of AlN and Al
x
Ga1−x
N on the FFA Sp-AlN have been reviewed. The TDD of approximately 4 × 107 cm−2 was obtained on the sapphire substrates with an AlN film thickness of 1.2 μm. Finally, the potential of the low-TDD FFA Sp-AlN has been discussed by demonstrating the performances of DUV light-emitting diodes fabricated on the FFA Sp-AlN.
Nonsymbolic numerosity in sets with illusory-contours exploits a context-sensitive, but contrast-insensitive, visual boundary formation process
Authors: Adriano Andrea , Rinaldi Luca , Girelli Luisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe visual mechanisms underlying approximate numerical representation are still intensely debated because numerosity information is often confounded with continuous sensory cues (e.g., texture density, area, convex hull). However, numerosity is underestimated when a few items are connected by illusory contours (ICs) lines without changing other physical cues, suggesting in turn that numerosity processing may rely on discrete visual input. Yet, in these previous works, ICs were generated by black-on-gray inducers producing an illusory brightness enhancement, which could represent a further continuous sensory confound. To rule out this possibility, we tested participants in a numerical discrimination task in which we manipulated the alignment of 0, 2, or 4 pairs of open/closed inducers and their contrast polarity. In Experiment 1, aligned open inducers had only one polarity (all black or all white) generating ICs lines brighter or darker than the gray background. In Experiment 2, open inducers had always opposite contrast polarity (one black and one white inducer) generating ICs without strong brightness enhancement. In Experiment 3, reverse-contrast inducers were aligned but closed with a line preventing ICs completion. Results showed that underestimation triggered by ICs lines was independent of inducer contrast polarity in both Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, whereas no underestimation was found in Experiment 3. Taken together, these results suggest that mere brightness enhancement is not the primary cause of the numerosity underestimation induced by ICs lines. Rather, a boundary formation mechanism insensitive to contrast polarity may drive the effect, providing further support to the idea that numerosity processing exploits discrete inputs.
Far-ultraviolet Variables in M31: Concentration in Spiral Arms and Association with Young Stars
Authors: Leahy Denis A. , Buick Megan , Postma Joseph E. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Andromeda galaxy (M31) is an object of ongoing study with the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on AstroSat. Field 2, which is 6.4 kpc in diameter at the distance of M31, includes a substantial part of the NE spiral arms of the galaxy. We have obtained a second observation of Field 2 with the far-ultraviolet (FUV) F148W (148 nm) filter, separated from the first observation by 1465 days. Both observations are analyzed to detect sources that are variable at a >3σ confidence level. For sources with less than ∼2″ separation, we apply multi-Gaussian fits, to obtain reliable magnitudes in the presence of source crowding. The variable sources are found to be concentrated in the spiral arms, with fraction of variable to nonvariable sources ∼2 times higher than for interarm regions, indicating an association of FUV variables with young stellar populations. UVIT FUV-NUV color–magnitude diagrams confirm the association of FUV variables with young massive/hot stars. Using existing catalogs, we obtain counterparts for 64 of the 82 most variable sources (>5σ). The counterparts include 13 star clusters, three ionized hydrogen (H ii) regions, three novae, one S Doradus star, eight eclipsing binaries, 20 foreground sources, two regular variables, and 14 unspecified variables.