bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bionomy of Mosquitoes in Bamboo Internodes in an Atlantic Forest Remnant of the State of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Bastos Amanda Queiroz , Leite Paulo José , de Mello Cecilia Ferreira , Maia Daniele Aguiar , Machado Sergio Lisboa , Gil-Santana Hélcio Reinaldo , Freitas Silva Shayenne Olsson , dos Santos-Mallet Jacenir Reis , Alencar Jeronimo 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Living bamboo stalks are one of the most specialized habitats for mosquito oviposition and immature development. Most of the mosquito species that breed in these habitats are sylvatic, and some are of importance for public health as possible vectors of pathogens. Perforated internodes are a very specialized environment due to the difficulty of access. Furthermore, due to their relatively simple fauna, they represent a valuable model for ecological studies that may be applicable to more complex environments. This study aims to assess the mosquito bionomics of species raised in bamboo internodes. Therefore, the diversity of mosquito species and the influence of abiotic variables (pH and temperature) on the distribution of mosquitoes that breed in this habitat were analyzed. The study area is a fragment of Atlantic Forest within the Association of da Armada (ATA) in Nova Iguaçu, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Immature mosquitoes were sampled with suction tubes (mouth aspirators) between August 2017 and July 2018. A total of 3,170 larvae were collected in 5 bamboo plants, each with 8 stalks perforated. Of these, 688 larvae reached the adult stage, representing 10 genera and 19 species. The most common species were Culex neglectus (43%), Trichoprosopon digitatum (22%), Culex iridescens (8%), Sabethes identicus (7%), and Orthopodomyia albicosta (7%). The richness of the immatures collected in the ATA was 19 species, with a diversity of 1.10 and Shannon evenness of 0.57. A diverse composition of Culicidae in bamboo stalks was found, although dominance was low.
Cladding Modified Fiber Bragg Grating for Copper Ions Detection
Authors: Mohammed Husam Abduldaem , Almamori Aqiel , Alwahib Ali A. 
Published: November 2021

This paper reports a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) as a biosensor. The FBGs were etched using a chemical agent,namely,hydrofluoric acid (HF). This implies the removal of some part of the cladding layer. Consequently, the evanescent field propagating out of the core will be closer to the environment and become more sensitive to the change in the surrounding. The proposed FBG sensor was utilized to detect toxic heavy metal ions aqueous medium namely, copper ions (Cu2+). Two FBG sensors were etched with 20 and 40 μm diameters and fabricated. The sensors were studied towards Cu2+ with different concentrations using wavelength shift as a result of the interaction between the evanescent field and copper ions. The FBG sensors showed a good response in terms of significant wavelength shift in corresponding to varying Cu2+ concentrations when immersed in aqueous mediums. The sensors exhibited excellent repeatability towards Cu ions.The results demonstrate that the smaller FBG etching diameter, the better optical response in terms of wavelength and linearity.
Rheosorbilact in complex intensive therapy of burn toxemia
Authors: Khamraeva G , Mukhitdinova Kh , Alauatdinova G 
Published: November 2021

Background. Thermal injuries primarily cause coagulation necrosis and cell death with vascular thrombosis in the areas of the deepest lesion.Objective. To study the effectiveness of rheosorbilact in infusion therapy during the period of burn toxemia.Materials and Methods. The results of monitoring the daily volume of the injected fluid, infusion therapy and renal excretory activity of 25 patients admitted to the Department of Combustiology of Republican Research Center of Emergency Medicine due to burn injury were studied.Results. The average daily volume of infusion therapy in group 1, FI – 119.4 ± 38.4 units at the age of 27.3 ± 5.6 years, was 76 ± 7 ml/kg per day, in group 2 (50.7 ± 7.1 years), FI – 92.5 ± 20.8 units, the introduction of 64 ± 9 ml/kg was effective, in group 3 (71.3 ± 7.0 years), FI – 86.7 ± 12.8 units, the introduction of an average of 48 ± 11 ml/kg per day was sufficient. In the nonlinear nature of changes in intravenous infusion, 4–5-day periods can be noted, probably due to the current factors that determined the need to increase or decrease infusion therapy. The introduction of rheosorbilact in a volume of 10 ml/kg per day increased the hourly renal excretory activity in all patients during the period of toxemia. The diuretic effect was more pronounced in patients of group 1, which corresponded to a greater volume of water load and the severity of burn injury.Conclusions. The introduction of rheosorbilact in a volume of 10 ml/kg per day increased the hourly renal excretory activity in all patients during the period of toxemia.
Free vibration and dynamic response of sandwich composite plates with auxetic honeycomb core
Authors: Quoc Tran Huu , Tu Tran Minh , Tham Vu Van 
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with the free vibration and dynamic responses of composite sandwich plates. The sandwich plate has three layers in which two face sheets are made of isotropic material, and the core layer is made of auxetic honeycomb structures with a negative Poisson's ratio. A smoothed finite element model based on the first-order shear deformation theory is established for the analysis purpose. In the model, only the linear approximation is necessary, and the discrete shear gap method for triangular plate elements is used to avoid the shear locking. The Newmark direct integration technique is used to capture the dynamic responses of the sandwich plates. The convergence study is made, and the accuracy of present results is validated by comparison with available data in the literature. The influence of geometrical parameters, material properties, and boundary conditions are explored and discussed. Numerical results show that auxetic materials have several different responses compared to conventional materials, and these behaviors are strongly influenced by the internal structure of the auxetic material.
ROLE OF USG IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE ABDOMEN
Authors: Kumar Raghav , Kumari Saroj 
Published: November 2021

Background: The main goal of imaging in acute abdomen is to narrow down the differential diagnosis and for prompt treatment.
Material and methods: This study was done on patient presented with acute abdomen in Department of Radiodiagnosis, SMS Medical College & Associate Group of Hospitals, Jaipur. Scout X-ray done in 100 patients. Scout X –Ray film gives lots of information and very helpful in diagnosing perforation and intestinal obstruction.
Results: USG was able to diagnose 94% cases of perforation peritonitis. intes­tinal obstruction was diagnosed only in 73.17% of cases with USG.
Conclusion: This study shows that simple X-Ray plays an important role in definite diagnosis of acute abdomen as compare to USG.
Keywords: Ultrasound, X- Ray, Acute Abdomen
Philosophy of Islamic Values and Life: A Review of the Methodology of Cultivating Islamic Values Towards Modern Culture
Authors: Supriyatno Triyo , El-Aribi Cyril Musaddad Abbud , Muntakhib Ahmad , Taruna Mulyani Mudis 
Published: November 2021

There is no separate discipline of ethics in Islam, and the comparative importance of reason and revelation in determining moral values is open to debate. For most Muslims, what is considered halāl (permitted) and harām (forbidden) in Islam is understood in terms of what God defines as right and good. There are three main kinds of values: (a) akhlāq, which refers to the duties and responsibilities set out in the shari‘ah and in Islamic teaching generally; (b) adab, which refers to the manners associated with good breeding; and (c) the qualities of character possessed by a good Muslim, following the example of the Prophet Muhammad. Among the main differences between Islamic and western morality is the emphasis on timeless religious principles, the role of the law in enforcing morality, the different understanding of rights, the rejection of moral autonomy as a goal of moral education, and the stress on reward in the Hereafter as a motivator of moral behavior. An Islamic life system cannot be conveyed only by using verbal suggestions, verbal warnings but also necessary means that can form a complete cultural network. In this regard, intense dialogue with various existing values ​​is needed to bring about a paradigm shift in thinking in the form of symbols that can be applied in local cultural life. The method of cultivating Islamic values ​​demands conditions for improving the quality and performance of Muslim humans who have these values. Islamic values ​​that are properly understood will function as a compass for the direction where and how to live a modern life full of changes in values. Islamic values ​​will still play an important role in the future, especially in providing a moral foundation for the development of science and technology. Religious teachings must be brought closer to the context of modernity.
Body Mass Index and Semen Quality in Partners of Infertile Couples
Authors: Chowdhury Tanzeem Sabina , Chowdhury TA 
Published: November 2021

Background: Obesity has almost doubled worldwide in the last 50 years and a great portion of these obese population are young adults. It has been proved that increased body weight has a negative correlation with female fertility. Recent studies show there has been decreasing semen quality with concurrent increase in BMI of the male partner. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of obesity on sperm parameters among the male partners of the infertile couples from an infertility management center in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Infertility Management Center, a tertiary center for infertility management and IVF in Dhaka, Bangladesh from August to October 2016. A total of 225 men presented for infertility evaluation during this period underwent BMI calculation and semen analysis.
Result: Out of 225 male partners, about two third (65.8%) belonged to age 31 to 40 years.Majority (44.4%) of the patients were overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2). The mean total sperm count was found to be 54.4+53.2 million/mL with a range from 0 to 280 million/m. The mean total motility of sperms was found to be 36.8+23.4 percent with a range from 0 to 80 percent. The mean normal morphology was found to be 42.0+22.1 % with a range of 0 to 80 percent. Regression analysis showed no correlation (r=0.003; p=0.966) between BMI and total sperm concentration but showed negative correlation with total motility (r=0.073;p=0.0277) and morphology of sperm (r=0.088; p=0.186).
Conclusion: There was a negative correlation between sperm motility and morphology with higher BMI among male partners of couples seeking fertility treatment. So, male partners along with their female counterparts should be counseled about the importance of maintaining an ideal BMI for better fertility outcome.
Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 14-19
Evaluation of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis among Female Doctors
Authors: Kasem Setara Binte , Begum Ferdousi , Razzaque Shaikh Abdur , Adiba Raisa , Anika Selma 
Published: November 2021

Osteopenia and Osteoporosis are increasing health care problems due to increased life expectancy. Women are specially vulnerable to osteoporosis at their later ages of lives. Among the working population of Bangladesh, female doctors make a big contribution for nation, so focusing on their wellbeing is very much important. In this study BMD (Bone Mineral density) were measured among 80 female doctors
Objective: To find out the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) among working female doctors of Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 80 female doctors aged between 25-80 years at their reproductive, premenopausal and postmenopausal age group, at a conference venue over a period of two days. Measurement of bone mineral density was done by quantitative ultrasound densitometry1.
Result: Majority of women were between 30-64 years of age; 71(88.75%) women had normal BMD, 9(11.25%) women had osteopenia and none of them had osteoporosis. Among women with age between 25-44 years age (total 30) none was suffering from osteopenia or osteoporosis. Between 45-64 years (total 47), 8(17.02%) were suffering from osteopenia and between 65-80 years (total 3), 1(33.33%) was suffering from osteopenia. Nobody had osteoporosis.
Conclusion: Among the working female gynaecologists of Bangladesh there were no osteopenia or osteoporosis in reproductive and premenopausal (25-44 years) age group.Only 17.04% of premenopausal women and women at early menopause ( 45-64 years) suffer from osteopenia and 33.33% of women at late menopause (65-80years) had osteopenia. None had osteoporosis.
Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 25-28
A Ovarian Serous Cyst Adenocarcinoma Presented as Post-Menopausal Bleeding
Authors: Ahmed Qumrun Nassa , Nahar Kamrun , Roy Joyasree , Shompa Lima , Akther Kazi Foyeza , Sultana Husne Jahan , Sultana Rifat 
Published: November 2021

The various malignant forms of epithelial tumors of the ovary, in practice, are usually grouped together as ovarian adenocarcinoma. These tumors tends to occur in women aged 45-60 years and are commonly asymptomatic until they are achieved a considerable bulk: most common complaints are of increasing abdominal girth, lower abdominal pain or discomfort and the presence of pelvic mass. Urinary symptoms due to pressure on bladder are quite frequent while disturbance of menstrual cycle or post-menopausal bleeding are unusual. Here we present a case of a 60 years old postmenopausal lady with the complaints of post-menopousal bleeding, and heaviness & lump in the lower abdomen. She was clinically diagnosed as a case of ovarian tumor (ovarian malignancy) & went through laparotomy followed by surgical staging. Then TAH with BSO with infracolicomentectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy was done. Histopathology revealed serous cyst adenocarcinoma (left ovary) without any metastasis to the opposite ovary or any other organs. In our case one of the most common ovarian neoplasm presented with the rarest symptom made the case interesting to report.
Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(1): 42-44
Study on chemical synthesis of SnSSe nanosheets and nanocrystals
Authors: Mukai Kohki , Nakayama Kevin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Two kinds of raw material combinations for the hot injection method were investigated for the chemical synthesis of SnSSe nanosheets and nanocrystals, which are low-toxic optoelectronic materials. When SnSe quantum dots were synthesized by mainly using oleic acid as the Se precursor solvent, the quantum dots changed from spherical to cubic as the size increased. The growth condition dependence of the nanocrystal formation process was discussed. When SnSSe nanocrystals were synthesized by mainly using trioctylphosphine as the S Se precursor solvent, it was found that the nanocrystal shape changed from dot to rod or sheet by reducing the proportion of S. The bandgap energy did not simply depend on the composition ratio of S but was affected by the change in the nanocrystal shape depending on the quantum confinement effect.
Learning an Optimal Operational Strategy for Service Life Extension of Gear Wheels with Double Deep Q Networks
Authors: Tevetoglu Tamer , Henss Mark , Gretzinger Yvonne , Bertsche Bernd 
Published: November 2021

One failure mechanism of gear wheels is pitting. If the gear wheel is case hardened, pitting degradation dominates normally at one tooth only. All the other teeth are still intact at the standardized end of life criterion of 4 % pitting area based on the total tooth area.
Using an operational strategy that was developed at the Institute of Machine Components, the service life of gear wheels can be extended by a local stress reduction at the weakest tooth. This is accomplished by applying an adapted torque at the transmission input that shifts a minimum torque in the area of the pre-damaged, and thus, weakest tooth. Consequently, all remaining teeth with higher load bearing capacity are subjected to higher torque. Prerequisite for the described theoretical operational strategy is knowledge on pitting-size and -position. The detection of these properties in operation is not state of the art yet.
In this work, only the gearbox vibration signal is known without explicit knowledge about the inside pitting. So the challenge is to determine the health for each individual tooth and to choose an optimal adapted torque based on this. This is especially difficult due to differing growth rates of pittings on one individual gear wheel. Hence, different pittings dominate over the service life, which results in the need of a continuous optimization of the torque control.
Algorithms of Reinforcement Learning (RL) are particularly suitable for this challenge. In this branch of Machine Learning (ML), an agent interacts inside an environment and learns by getting rewards for taking actions at given states. In this study, the environment is a gearbox-simulation-model, the state is the current vibration signal, and the action is the chosen adapted torque. Thus, it is possible to let the algorithm learn the whole operational strategy, from online failure detection to an adapted torque at the transmission input.
The results of this study show the theoretical feasibility of the operational strategy using Double Deep Q Networks as the RL Algorithm. The algorithm is able to learn a suitable reaction to pittings that increase linearly or progressively at an early stage and therefore delays their growth within the defined limits. Thus, the lifetime of the gearbox is extended while maintaining the same total power of the gearbox. As an outlook, the results will be examined for their sensitivity on several influencing factors in a further study. The wider view is to use this simulation on a test rig and validate the results.
Health Indicators to Estimate Health of Magnetic Wheel Encoder
Authors: Ladoiye Jasmeet Singh , Jalali Milad , Spry Douglas 
Published: November 2021

Performance of several vehicle safety features, such as anti-lock brake system (ABS), traction control system (TCS) and electronic stability control (ESC) rely on the quality of wheel speed signal. One potential failure mode for the wheel speed encoders is gradual deposition of foreign paramagnetic debris on the surface of the encoder. This results in reduced strength of the magnetic field, and impacts the quality of the wheel speed signal. Noisy wheel speed signal jeopardizes performance of safety critical features, affecting safety, stability, drivability, and negatively impacts customer’s experience.
In this paper, several faulty encoders with various levels of faults have been used in data collection in a test bench. A prognostics methodology is proposed to evaluate the magnetic wheel encoder’s health. This method leverages time domain and frequency domain-based health indicators to monitor the deterioration in wheel encoder. Time domain-based health indicators include VDA (Verband der Automobilindustrie) signals that are generated by advanced wheel speed sensors, and an enveloping filter of the wheel speed signal’s noise. Frequency domain-based health indicator include root mean square amplitude of average order spectrum of wheel speed noise. The performance of individual/combination of these health indicators are compared to assess the separation between healthy encoder and degraded encoders. Results indicate that it is possible to monitor the degradation process due to magnetic debris accumulation, using the proposed method.
On failure prediction and failure identification modeling in a gas turbine system: a survey of classification approaches in a three-class problem
Authors: Cheung Catherine , Biondic Calista , Hamaimou Zouhair , Valdes Julio 
Published: November 2021

Rapid developments in sensor technology, data processing tools and data storage capability have helped fuel an increased appetite for equipment health monitoring in mechanical systems. As a result, the number of sensors and amount of data collected for health monitoring has grown tremendously. It is hoped that by collecting large quantities of operational data, predictive tools can be developed that will provide operational, maintenance and safety benefits. Data mining and machine learning techniques are important tools in addressing the ensuing challenge of extracting useful results from the data collected.
In this work, the sensor data from a gas turbine system was analyzed with the objective of failure modeling and prediction. Previous efforts had used a two-class approach for this problem, to distinguish healthy and failed states of the system. In this work, a third class labelled as deteriorated data is added prior to each failure event to explore the ability of machine learning models to provide early warning of upcoming incidents. Several maintenance incidents were recorded by the sensor system in two separate vehicles. Three approaches to selecting training data were used. The first followed a traditional method of randomly selecting data points from all data according to a desired percentage of failed data to include in training, target ratios between failed and healthy data in each data set, as well as target ratios between training and testing data. The second data selection strategy was to consider data related to failure incidents as a whole and select certain incidents to include in training, and the remaining ones to be unseen in testing. The third approach was cross-validation which is typically used as a technique to evaluate how a classifier will perform on unseen data while still using the entirety of the data to train the final classifier. In addition to investigating training and data selection strategies, the effect of hyperparameter optimization was explored as well as the effect of varying the time period of the deteriorated class.
Using the gas turbine data, which included 7 failure incidents and 76 predictor variables, a variety of classifier models of the system were developed in a three-class problem to differentiate healthy, deteriorated and failed system states. The classifier methods included support vector machines, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, random forest, adaboost, multilayer perceptron, k-nearest neighbor, and XG boost. Ensemble models were also created to leverage all the individual classifier models that were developed. This paper will describe the comprehensive results that were obtained using the various approaches and combinations, highlighting the respective benefits and limitations.