bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal dietary practices, dietary diversity, and nutrient composition of diets of lactating mothers in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Forsido Sirawdink Fikreyesus , Tadesse Frehiwot , Belachew Tefera , Hensel Oliver 
Published: July 2021

Background
Optimal nutrition during lactation is essential for the well-being of the mother and the infant. Studies have shown that access to nutrient-rich foods during lactation is critical as minimal stores of nutrients can have adverse effects. This study aimed to investigate the diversity, composition, and nutrient adequacy of diets of lactating mothers in Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in three districts of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, in February 2014. A stratified multistage sampling technique was used to select 558 lactating mothers. Data were collected using a pre-tested and structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) was computed from a single 24-h recall. A cut off value of 5 was used to classify the dietary diversity into achieving MDD-W or not. The proximate, mineral and anti-nutritional compositions of 12 commonly consumed foods were analysed using standard methods. Nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and Mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of these foods were estimated.

Results
The mean (±SD) dietary diversity score (DDS) of the study participants was 3.73±1.03. Meeting MDD-W was positively associated with agricultural production diversity (P = 0.001) and educational level of the women (P = 0.04). Conversely, district of the study (P = 0.003) and place of residence (P = 0.019) were negatively associated with meeting MDD-W. The proximate composition (g/100g) of the sampled foods ranged between 24.8–65.6 for moisture, 7.6–19.8 for protein, 2.1–23.1 for crude fat, 2.0–27 for crude fibre, 1.0–21.2 for total ash, and 0.9–45.8 for total carbohydrate content. The calorific value ranged between 124.5–299.6 Kcal/100g. The mineral contents (mg/100g) ranged between 9.5–52.5 for iron, 2.2–4.2 for zinc, 42.6–318.2 for calcium, and 150.7–379.9 for phosphorus. The content of anti-nutritional factors (mg/100g) ranged between 11.1–178.9 for phytate and 3.7–315.9 for tannin. All the commonly consumed maternal foods were not sufficient to meet the energy, fat and protein requirements, (NAR<1). However, all diets provided adequate iron and most of the cereal-based foods provided adequate carbohydrate and minerals. The overall nutrient adequacy was below the cut-off point for all food types.

Conclusions
The diets of lactating mothers in Southwest Ethiopia lack diversity and nutrient adequacy. A community-based nutrition education program on the importance of diet diversity and nutrient intake during lactation based on a multi-sectoral approach is needed.
Lens densitometry for assessment and prediction of cataract progression after pars plana vitrectomy with C3F8-gas for retinal detachment
Authors: Schindler Philipp , Mautone Luca , Bigdon Eileen , Druchkiv Vasyl , Spitzer Martin Stefan , Skevas Christos 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Lens opacification is a common complication after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and knowing its progression would facilitate consulting patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a quantitative model for lens-status-monitoring after PPV with C3F8 gas. Our model was evaluated in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) patients of various age and lens densitometry (LD).

Methods
Data between March 2018 and March 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. LD measurements of the PentacamHR® Nucleus Staging mode (PNS) were used to quantify lens opacification over time. A mixed-effect regression model was designed, to enable LD predictions at any time postoperatively. Calculations were based on patient’s age and baseline LD as dependent variables. Six patients were randomly excluded during model development, to be used for testing its power afterwards.

Results
34 patients (male 19 [55.9%], female 15 [44.1%]) matched the inclusion criteria. Average age was 58.5 years (32–77;±4.3) and average follow-up was 7.2 months (3,4–23.1;±1,8). Mean baseline LD of the treated and fellow eye before surgery were 10.9% (8.7%-14.8%;±0.8) and 10.7% (8.5%-14.1%;±0.6), respectively. Using our prediction model, LD values for the six pre-selected patients closely match the observed data with an average deviation of 1.07%.

Conclusions
Evaluation of age and baseline LD using a mixed-effect regression model might predict cataract progression in RRD patients treated with PPV and C3F8-gas. Such a tool could be considered during cataract surgery consultation in these patients.
Alteration of corneal biomechanical properties in patients with dry eye disease
Authors: Satitpitakul Vannarut , Taweekitikul Parichart , Puangsricharern Vilavun , Kasetsuwan Ngamjit , Reinprayoon Usanee , Kittipibul Thanachaporn 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
To evaluate the association between symptoms and signs of dry eye diseases (DED) with corneal biomechanical parameters.

Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 81 participants without history of ocular hypertension, glaucoma, keratoconus, corneal edema, contact lens use, diabetes, and ocular surgery. All participants were evaluated for symptoms and signs of DED using OSDI questionnaire, tear film break-up time (TBUT), conjunctival and corneal staining (NEI grading) and Schirmer test. Corneal biomechanical parameters were obtained using Corvis ST. Mixed-effects linear regression analysis was used to determine the association between symptoms and signs of DED with corneal biomechanical parameters. Difference in corneal biomechanical parameter between participants with low (Schirmer value ≤10 mm; LT group) and normal (Schirmer value >10mm; NT group) tear production was analyzed using ANCOVA test.

Results
The median OSDI scores, TBUT, conjunctival and corneal staining scores as well as Schirmer test were 13±16.5 (range; 0–77), 5.3±4.2 seconds (range; 1.3–11), 0±1 (range; 0–4), 0±2 (ranges; 0–9) and 16±14 mm (range; 0–45) respectively. Regression analysis adjusted with participants’ refraction, intraocular pressure, and central corneal thickness showed that OSDI had a negative association with highest concavity radius (P = 0.02). The association between DED signs and corneal biomechanical parameters were found between conjunctival staining scores with second applanation velocity (A2V, P = 0.04), corneal staining scores with second applanation length (A2L, P = 0.01), Schirmer test with first applanation time (A1T, P = 0.04) and first applanation velocity (P = 0.01). In subgroup analysis, there was no difference in corneal biomechanical parameters between participants with low and normal tear production (P>0.05). The associations were found between OSDI with time to highest concavity (P<0.01) and highest displacement of corneal apex (HC-DA, P = 0.04), conjunctival staining scores with A2L (P = 0.01) and A2V (P<0.01) in LT group, and Schirmer test with A1T (P = 0.02) and HC-DA (P = 0.03), corneal staining scores with A2L (P<0.01) in NT group.

Conclusions
According to in vivo observation with Corvis ST, patients with DED showed more compliant corneas. The increase in dry eye severity was associated with the worsening of corneal biomechanics in both patients with low and normal tear production.
Evaluation of skin doses for cone-beam computed tomography in dentomaxillofacial imaging: A preclinical study
Authors: Reidelbach Carolin Sophie , Neubauer Jakob , Russe Maximilian Frederik , Kusterer Jan , Semper-Hogg Wiebke 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Evaluation of skin organ doses in six different cone-beam computed tomography scanners (CBCT) dedicated to dentomaxillofacial imaging. Our hypothesis is that the dose varies between different devices, protocols and skin areas.

Materials and methods
An anthropomorphic adult head and neck phantom was used to which a dosimeter (Waterproof Farmer® Chamber, PTW, Freiburg, Germany) was attached to anatomic landmarks of both parotid glands, both ocular lenses, the thyroid gland and the neurocranium. CBCT examinations were performed on six different CBCT devices dedicated to dentomaxillofacial imaging with standard settings and, if available, also in high dose settings. Measurements were repeated five times each.

Results
The measured mean skin doses ranged from 0.48 to 2.21 mGy. The comparison of the region based dose evaluation showed a high correlation between the single measurements. Furthermore, the distribution of doses between regions was similar in all devices, except that four devices showed side differences for the dose of the parotid region and one device showed side differences for the lens region. The directly exposed regions, such as the parotid glands, showed significant higher values than the more distant regions like the neurocranium.
When comparing examination protocols, a significant difference between the standard dose and the high dose acquisitions could be detected. But also a significant dose difference between the different CBCTs could be shown. 3D Accuitomo 170 (Morita, Osaka, Japan) showed the highest absorbed mean dose value for standard settings with 2.21 mGy, especially at the directly exposed regions and their adjacent organs. The lowest mean value for standard settings was achieved with VGi evo (NewTom, Verona, Italy) with 0.48 mGy.

Conclusion
Repeated measurements of skin organ doses in six different CBCT scanners using a surface dosimeter showed side differences in distribution of dose in five devices for the parotid and lens region. Additionally, significant dose differences between the devices could be detected. Further studies should be performed to confirm these results.
Burden of post-COVID-19 syndrome and implications for healthcare service planning: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Menges Dominik , Ballouz Tala , Anagnostopoulos Alexia , Aschmann Hélène E. , Domenghino Anja , Fehr Jan S. , Puhan Milo A. 
Published: July 2021

Background
Longer-term consequences after SARS-CoV-2 infection are becoming an important burden to societies and healthcare systems. Data on post-COVID-19 syndrome in the general population are required for the timely planning of healthcare services and resources. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of impaired health status and physical and mental health symptoms among individuals at least six months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to characterize their healthcare utilization.

Methods
This population-based prospective cohort study (Zurich SARS-CoV-2 Cohort) enrolled 431 adults from the general population with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection reported to health authorities between 27 February 2020 and 05 August 2020 in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. We evaluated the proportion of individuals reporting not to have fully recovered since SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the proportion reporting fatigue (Fatigue Assessment Scale), dyspnea (mMRC dyspnea scale) or depression (DASS-21) at six to eight months after diagnosis. Furthermore, the proportion of individuals with at least one healthcare contact after their acute illness was evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with these main outcomes.

Results
Symptoms were present in 385 (89%) participants at diagnosis and 81 (19%) were initially hospitalized. At six to eight months, 111 (26%) reported not having fully recovered. 233 (55%) participants reported symptoms of fatigue, 96 (25%) had at least grade 1 dyspnea, and 111 (26%) had DASS-21 scores indicating symptoms of depression. 170 (40%) participants reported at least one general practitioner visit related to COVID-19 after acute illness, and 10% (8/81) of initially hospitalized individuals were rehospitalized. Individuals that have not fully recovered or suffer from fatigue, dyspnea or depression were more likely to have further healthcare contacts. However, a third of individuals (37/111) that have not fully recovered did not seek further care.

Conclusions
In this population-based study, a relevant proportion of participants suffered from longer-term consequences after SARS-CoV-2 infection. With millions infected across the world, our findings emphasize the need for the timely planning of resources and patient-centered services for post-COVID-19 care.
Lean mass and biological maturation as predictors of muscle power and strength performance in young athletes
Authors: Almeida-Neto Paulo Francisco de , de Medeiros Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha , de Matos Dihogo Gama , Baxter-Jones Adam D. G. , Aidar Felipe J. , de Assis Gilmara Gomes , Silva Dantas Paulo Moreira , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco 
Published: July 2021

Background
The biological maturation (BM) analyzed by peak height velocity (PHV) and bone age (BA), and lean body mass has been associated with the strength and muscle power of young athletes. However, the ability of BM (PHV and BA) and LM markers to predict muscle strength and power in young athletes remains uncertain.

Objective
The Aim was determine the predicting power of BM markers (PHV and BA) and LM in relation to muscle power of upper and lower limbs and muscle strength of upper limbs in adolescent athletes at puberty.

Methods
Ninety-two adolescent athletes (both sexes; age 12.4 ± 1.02 years) were assessed for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Power of upper limbs (ULP), force handgrip (HG), vertical jump (VJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) were recorded. BM was predicted by mathematical models to estimate PHV and BA. Multilayer artificial neural network analyses (MLP’s) were used to determine the power of prediction of LM, PHV and BA on muscle power and strength of upper- and lower-limbs of the athletes.

Results
LM, BA and PHV were associated with HG (r>0.74, p<0.05) and ULS (r>0.60, p<0.05) in both sexes. In both sexes BA was associated with VJ (r>0.55, p<0.05) and CMJ (r>0.53, p<0.05). LM indicated associations (r>0.60, p<0.05) with BA and with PHV (r<0.83, p<0.05) in both sexes. MLP’s analysis revealed that the LM provides > 72% of probability to predict the muscle power of upper- and lower-limbs, and the strength of the upper limbs; whereas PHV provides > 43% and bone age >64% in both female and male adolescent athletes.

Conclusion
We identified that, like PHV and BA, LM is a strong predictor of low cost of both upper limbs muscle strength and upper and lower limbs power in adolescent athletes.
Gamificar y transformar la escuela
Authors: Díaz-Delgado Natalia 
Published: July 2021

En este artículo hemos puesto de manifiesto que el aprendizaje utilizando estrategias lúdicas mejora la adquisición de competencias y estrategias deseadas para educar y alcanzar los objetivos de aprendizaje previstos por la escuela. Señalaremos la motivación como la característica básica para avanzar en el juego y para determinar el grado de éxito de nuestro sistema. Además las características propias del juego, las competencias y estrategias que se dan al jugar y su posible aplicación en las aulas en un sistema gamificado. Partiendo de la observación a jugadores, reseñaremos estrategias de juego tales como la preparación previa, la búsqueda del detalle, la colaboración o la creación, que se revelan como los fundamentos del juego y también del aprendizaje. Para llegar a ellas el diseño de nuestro sistema debe tener en cuenta el por qué, el qué, para quiénes y el cómo. Y cuando todo ello está encauzado se produce la práctica, juegos en el aula, elementos de juegos para aprender, reflexión sobre el juego...
Dacriocistorrinostomía transcanalicular con láser diodo en el tratamiento de la obstrucción primaria adquirida del conducto nasolagrimal
Authors: De las Heras Paula M , Fernández Cascón Sara , Gil-Carcedo Sañudo Elisa , Rettig Infante Isidora , Herrero Agustín Javier , Herrero Calvo David 
Published: July 2021

La obstrucción primaria adquirida infrasacal del ducto nasolagrimal es una entidad bastante frecuente en pacientes de edad media y avanzada que origina epífora y blefaritis así como dacriocistitis crónica y/o recurrente.
En el tratamiento de esta patología se sigue considerando, aunque cada vez menos, la dacriocistorrinostomía (DCR) externa como “el gold standard” con unas tasas de éxito que se sitúan alrededor del 85%.
Sin embargo, en la actualidad, es considerada como una opción “invasiva”, que pone en riesgo estructuras como el mecanismo de bomba canalicular y puede generar una cicatriz poco cosmética.
Estos riesgos potenciales se pueden evitar con técnicas menos invasivas (DCR endoscópica y la DCR transcanalicular con láser diodo modificada).
La principal desventaja que puede presentar la técnica quirúrgica de dacriocistorrinostomía con láser diodo es la inversión económica por el alto coste del aparataje y su mantenimiento
Técnica do Cinema e Produção de Sentido
Authors: Rosa Liliana 
Published: July 2021

Em An Introduction to Film Analysis, os autores ensinam a analisar a técnica do filme no processo de produção de sentido, avançando para cinco análises fílmicas. Finalmente, adentram-se numa análise crítica de um corpus de filmes a partir das variantes histórica, psicológica, ideológica, género, raça, política, pós-estruturalista e científica.
Analisar a Materialidade no Cinema Português: Estéticas e práticas
Authors: Cucinotta Caterina , Pierotti Federico 
Published: July 2021

Texto de introdução ao dossier temático da autoria dos editores convidados Caterina Cucinotta e Federico Pierotti. Os autores situam o seu contributo no quadro do materialist turn que se tem feito sentir, em várias disciplinas, nos últimos vinte anos, para propor uma abordagem ao cinema português que dedica particular atenção aos conceitos de materialidade, estética fílmica e práticas cinematográficas. Os cinco ensaios do dossier são apresentados à luz dos três tipos de materialidade identificados pelo arqueólogo dos média Jussi Parikka: a materialidade da prática cultural; a materialidade dos materiais; e a materialidade da tecnologia. O resultado é um programa fértil que promete assegurar o futuro dos estudos da materialidade no cinema português.
Pollux on the Anatomy of the Spine (Onom. 2.44–5, 130–2, 178–80) and the Modern Lexica
Authors: Olson S. Douglas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article examines a number of key terms in Pollux’ discussion of the anatomy of the human spine as a way of assessing both his reliability in regard to technical language of all sorts and the relative strengths and weaknesses of two major representatives of the modern philological and lexicographic tradition, the Liddell–Scott–Jones Greek-English Lexicon and the new Brill Dictionary of Ancient Greek.
Epoxy resins thermosetting for mechanical engineering
Authors: Sukanto Heru , Raharjo Wijang Wisnu , Ariawan Dody , Triyono Joko , Kaavesina Mujtahid 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This review presents various types of epoxy resins and curing agents commonly used as composite matrices. A brief review of cross-linking formation and the process of degradation or decomposition of epoxy resins by pyrolysis and solvolysis is also discussed. Mechanical engineers are given a brief overview of the types of epoxy resin, which are often applied as composite matrices considering that they currently play a large role in the research, design, manufacturing, and recycling of these materials.
60 GHz beam-tilting coplanar slotted SIW antenna array
Authors: Vettikalladi Hamsakutty , Sethi Waleed Tariq , Himdi Mohammed , Alkanhal Majeed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This article presents a 60 GHz coplanar fed slotted antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology for beam-tilting applications. The longitudinal passive slots are fed via associated SIW holes adjacent to the coplanar feed while the main excitation is provided from the microstrip-to-SIW transition. The antenna array achieves an impedance bandwidth of 57–64 GHz with gains reaching to 12 dBi. The passive SIW slots are excited with various orientations of coplanar feeds and associated holes covering an angular beam-tilting from −56° to +56° with an offset of 10° at the central frequency. The novelty of this work is; beam-tilting is achieved without the use of any active/passive phase shifters which improves the design in terms of losses and provide a much simpler alternative compared to the complex geometries available in the literature at the 60 GHz band.
Building a Video Game Collection: Lessons Learned from The Strong’s International Center for the History of Electronic Games
Authors: Dyson Jon-Paul C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In 2006, The Strong National Museum of Play began an initiative to collect, preserve, and interpret the history of video games. That effort led to the founding of the International Center for the History of Electronic Games and World Video Game Hall of Fame. The museum’s collection today numbers more than 60,000 video game-related artifacts and hundreds of thousands of archival materials from key creators and companies in the industry. This article discusses the genesis of the museum’s efforts in its play mission, tracks the trajectories of The Strong’s video game initiatives over the years, and discusses some of the challenges faced by museums and other institutions working with video games.
Identification of efficient COVID-19 diagnostic test through artificial neural networks approach − substantiated by modeling and simulation
Authors: Kamal Pasha Mustafa , Gardazi Syed Fasih Ali , Imtiaz Fariha , Qureshi Asma Talib , Afrasiab Rabia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Soon after the first COVID-19 positive case was detected in Wuhan, China, the virus spread around the globe, and in no time, it was declared as a global pandemic by the WHO. Testing, which is the first step in identifying and diagnosing COVID-19, became the first need of the masses. Therefore, testing kits for COVID-19 were manufactured for efficiently detecting COVID-19. However, due to limited resources in the densely populated countries, testing capacity even after a year is still a limiting factor for COVID-19 diagnosis on a larger scale and contributes to a lag in disease tracking and containment. Due to this reason, we started this study to provide a better cost-effective solution for enhancing the testing capacity so that the maximum number of people could get tested for COVID-19. For this purpose, we utilized the approach of artificial neural networks (ANN) to acquire the relevant data on COVID-19 and its testing. The data were analyzed by using Machine Learning, and probabilistic algorithms were applied to obtain a statistically proven solution for COVID-19 testing. The results obtained through ANN indicated that sample pooling is not only an effective way but also regarded as a “Gold standard” for testing samples when the prevalence of the disease is low in the population and the chances of getting a positive result are less. We further demonstrated through algorithms that pooling samples from 16 individuals is better than pooling samples of 8 individuals when there is a high likelihood of getting negative test results. These findings provide ground to the fact that if sample pooling will be employed on a larger scale, testing capacity will be considerably increased within limited available resources without compromising the test specificity. It will provide healthcare units and enterprises with solutions through scientifically proven algorithms, thus, saving a considerable amount of time and finances. This will eventually help in containing the spread of the pandemic in densely populated areas including vulnerably confined groups, such as nursing homes, hospitals, cruise ships, and military ships.