bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse Managers Leading the Way: Reenvisioning Stress to Maintain Healthy Work Environments
Authors: Dimino Kimberly , Learmonth Amy E. , Fajardo Christiam C. 
Published: March 2021

Background
Stress among nurses is well documented, and in the midst of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it has reached record highs.

Problem
Under normal conditions, nurse managers and frontline nurses face stressors that come with the territory of their profession, but the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has greatly added to their burden. Nurse managers are being called not only to help their organizations manage the crisis operationally, but also to help the nurses they supervise mentally, emotionally, and even ethically.

Discussion
This article provides recommendations for how nurse managers can use the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses Healthy Work Environment standards and make the experience of stress more productive.

Conclusion
Stress comes with the territory in nursing, but nurses can work together to make stress their ally and not their enemy. The real enemies are coronavirus disease 2019, burnout, and the aftermath of uncontrolled stress. When nurses keep stress in perspective and focus on what they can control, they contribute to developing healthier work environments.
Molecular Biology of Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Liang Peir-In , Chan Ti-Chun , Shiue Yow-Ling , Li Chien-Feng 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Extensive genomic data analysis revealed that UC has a complex molecular character. From the perspective of cancer hallmarks reviewed the molecular biology participated in the tumorigenesis of UC.

Data Sources:
We inspected the results of multiple studies of UC focusing on the hallmarks of cancer.

Results:
UC has distinctive molecular pathways involved in sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, promotion of replicative immortality, induction of angiogenesis, activation of invasion and metastasis, genome instability and mutation, tumor-promoting inflammation, reprogramming of energy metabolism, and evasion of immune destruction.

Conclusion:
From the perspective of the hallmark of cancer, we revealed the many-sided biological behavior of UC.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of the enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) and transabdominal (TARM) minimal access techniques for retromuscular placement of prosthesis in the treatment of irreducible midline ventral hernia
Authors: Rege Sameer Ashok , Churiwala Jayati Jagdish , Kaderi Abdeali Saif A. , Kshirsagar Ketan Fakira , Dalvi Abhay N. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Retromuscular plane for mesh placement is preferred for ventral hernia repair. With the evolution of minimal access surgeries, newer techniques to deploy a mesh in the sublay plane have evolved. We compared two such minimally invasive approaches for repair of irreducible ventral midline hernia with respect to the efficacy and safety of the procedures.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective study of a prospectively maintained database of 73 patients operated with retromuscular placement of mesh for irreducible ventral midline hernia by enhanced-view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) or transabdominal retromuscular (TARM) repair. We recorded and compared the intraoperative and post-operative complications, post-operative pain score, recovery, recurrence, subjective technical ease of procedure and patient satisfaction after 3 months and 12 months of the surgery.

Results and Conclusion:
Thirty-eight patients were operated by eTEP technique and the subsequent 35 were operated by TARM repair. There was no significant difference in the outcome of surgery and complications by the two techniques. However, there was a significant subjective technical ease in the TARM group due to ergonomic triangulated port placement and adhesiolysis and reduction of hernia contents under vision. The number of ports used and post-operative pain were, however, higher in the TARM group as compared to that of the eTEP group. Nearly 96% of the patients belonging to both groups were satisfied with their surgery after a year on telephonic follow-up. However, further studies and follow-up of patients would be required to establish the advantage of one technique over the other.
Perceptions, attitudes, and barriers toward obesity management in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfadda Assim A , Al Qarni Ali , Alamri Khalid , Ahamed Shaik Shaffi , Abo’ouf Shaza Mohammed , Shams Mahmoud , Abdelfattah Waleed , Al Shaikh Abdulrahman 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The ACTION IO study (NCT03584191) aimed to identify perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and potential barriers to effective obesity care across people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Results from Saudi Arabia are presented here.

Methods:
A survey was conducted from June to September 2018. In Saudi Arabia, eligible PwO were ≥18 years with a self reported body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2. Eligible HCPs were in direct patient care.

Results:
The survey was completed by 1,000 PwO and 200 HCPs in Saudi Arabia. Many PwO (68%) and HCPs (62%) agreed that obesity is a chronic disease. PwO felt responsible for their weight management (67%), but 71% of HCPs acknowledged their responsibility to contribute. Overall, 58% of PwO had discussed weight with their HCP in the past 5 years, 46% had received a diagnosis of obesity, and 44% had a follow up appointment scheduled. Although 50% of PwO said they were motivated to lose weight, only 39% of HCPs thought their patients were motivated to lose weight. Less than half of PwO (39%) and HCPs (49%) regarded genetic factors as a barrier to weight loss. Many PwO had seriously attempted weight loss (92%) and achieved ≥5% weight loss (61%), but few maintained their weight loss for >1 year (5%).

Conclusion:
Saudi Arabian results have revealed misperceptions among PwO and HCPs about obesity, highlighting opportunities for further education and training about obesity including the biologic basis and clinical management.
Concept of Ekal Dravya Chikitsa (Single Drug Therapy) in Sushrut Samhita
Authors: Singh Rajani  , Rath Sudipta kumar  
Published: March 2021

Ayurveda is a holistic health care system which, aims to offer the user an optimum health by alleviating diseases and helps in maintaining, promoting health by advising proper daily and seasonal regimen along with rationalized therapeutics when indicated. A good physician is one who uses minimum substances for desired effect or maximum results. From ancient past, it has been revealed that Ayurveda had a vast knowledge in the field of application of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants have significant importance in human life as it helps in maintaining human health and in improving the quality of life. Also this application in the form of single dravya has also been evidenced in many of Ayurveda texts.
Sushrut Samhita is one of the classical text of Ayurveda, basically a part of Brihatrayee, have been surviving from ancient time and considered to be an important treatise on medicine and surgery. It is one of the two foundational Hindi texts alongside the Charak Samhita, which includes knowledge about medicine as well as surgical training, instruments and procedures. Likewise in charak samita, use of EDC has been also mentioned in Sushrut Samhita for both inervention as well as surgical management of disease. Using Ekal Dravya for curing many disease has been mentioned in past by many of Aacharyas, considering Sushrut Samhita as the first Samhita of Ayurveda to use therapeutic interventions as well as surgical procedure for the management of clinical condition, It has been reviewed to assess the extent of use of EDC.
Using single herb for managing diseased condition has been evidenced at various instances in Sushrut Samhita in conceptual as well as in applied form. This provides an evidenced based proof that EDC was mentioned in our ancient Ayurvea texts which now need to be explored, so as to minimize the load on biodiversity for using minium herbs in a disease where it is sufficed.
Etika dan Adab Karya Tulis Ilmiah Dalam Menbangun Budaya Intelektual
Authors: Nata Abudin 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Writing scientific papers is currently growing. In addition, theses, theses, dissertations, scientific papers also include articles for scientific journals, reference books and so on. All of these works can become symbols of the progress of a nation. From these scientific works, theories, concepts, designs, innovations, novelty and so on can be produced for the progress of the nation. In order for scientific work to be beneficial and not to cause slander, fighting, provocation, and glassware that harm the people, nation and state, ethics and manners are needed in writing. The ethics and manners of writing scientific papers should not only be aimed at regulating citation methods, licensing methods, and naming of names, but also must support the progress of the people, nation and state and maintain the heterogeneous unity of the Republic of Indonesia by developing pluralist, inclusive and multicultural understanding supported by understanding wasathiyah religion. Namely the religious understanding of tawazun, takaarum, taraahum, tawathun, ta'awun, shura, i'tidal, and so on. Al-Qur'an, Hadith, the teachings of Sufism and morals in Islam are very rich to be applied in building ethics and manners for writing scientific works that are ma'rufa (good), sadida (correct), baligha (good language structure), karima (noble) , maysuura, (soft), adzima (quality) layyinan (polite), and tsaqila (firm).
Keywords: ethics, intellectual cultthics, manners, writing, scientific culture
GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AS AN ELEMENT OF THE DOCTRINE OF INTELLECTUAL RIGHTS
Authors: Абрамов С.А. 
Published: March 2021

Аннотация. В данной статье рассматривается эволюция правовых взглядов на интеллектуальное право, взаимодействие интеллектуального права и фордистских, пост-фордистских цифровых экономических моделей. Автор анализируют предложенную К. Марксом концепцию «всеобщего интеллекта» как модель адаптации интеллектуального права к новым вызовам.
Annotation. This article discusses the evolution of legal views on intellectual law, the interaction of intellectual law and fordist, post – fordist, digital economic models. The author analyzes the concept of «general intellect» proposed by K. Marx as a model for adapting intellectual law to new challenges.
ORDER IN THE SYSTEM OF NORMATIVE LEGAL ACTS: GENERAL THEORETICAL ASPECT
Authors: Чернышов А.В. 
Published: March 2021

Аннотация. Статья посвящена исследованию системы правовых актов, в частности такой его разновидности как приказ. Отмечается, что правовые акты играют особую роль в процессе упорядочивания общественных отношений, посредством которых закрепляются определенные правила и требования как для всех граждан, так и для определенного круга лиц. Важное значение уделено процессу управления, который осуществляется посредством издания таких правовых актов органов управления как постановления, приказы, распоряжения, правила, инструкции и положения. Наиболее удобной формой выражения воли должностных лиц является приказ, с помощью которого возможно решение ежедневно возникающих вопросов в государственном управлении, а также утверждение им иных форм правовых актов (положения, инструкции, правила). Однако, отсутствие характеристики приказа в действующем законодательстве ведет к тому, что его относят к локальным актам, не обращая внимание на его нормативный характер. В статье проводится анализ дефиниции «приказ», выявляются его признаки, специфика применения в различных сферах.
The article is devoted to the study of the system of legal acts, in particular of such a variety as an order. It is noted that legal acts play a special role in the process of streamlining social relations, through which certain rules and requirements are established for all citizens and for a certain number of persons. The importance is given to management process which is carried out by means of the publication of such legal acts of governing bodies as resolutions, orders, orders, rules, instructions and provisions. The most convenient form of expression of the will of officials is an order, by means of which it is possible to solve daily issues in the public administration, as well as to approve other forms of legal acts (regulations, instructions and rules). However, the absence of a characteristic of the order in the current legislation leads to the fact that it is classified as local acts, without paying attention to its normative nature. The article analyses the definition of "order," identifies its characteristics, specifics of application in various spheres.
REPRODUCTIVE AND BODY WEIGHT PERFORMANCE OF THE NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS IN THE HUMID TROPICS OF NIGERIA.
Authors: ODUBOTE I. K. , AKINOKUN J. O. 
Published: March 2021

Fifty two litters obtained over a period of 8 months (December 1986-July 1987) from the mating of eight bucks with twenty nine does (first mating) and twenty three does (second mating) all belonging to the New Zealand White breed of rabbits were used in this analysis. Mean gestation length, number of mating to conception, litter size at birth and parturition interval were 31.6 ± 0.2 days, 1.4 ± 0.1, 5.6 ± 0.3 pups and 79.0 ± 14.5 days respectively. Litter weight at birth, 3,6 and 8 weeks of age were 230.4 ± 9.5g, 602.1 ± 35.6g, 1247.5 ± 81.5g and 1673.0 ± 112.3g respectively. Parity significantly (P <0.05) affected the number of mating to conception and litter birth weight. Litter weight at all ages were influenced (P<.01) by corresponding litter sizes at such ages. Sire neither had any effect on litter weight at all ages nor on any of the reproductive parameters studied. Litter size at birth was negatively correlation with gestation length (-0.08), number of matings to conception (-0.27) and average birth weight (-0.42).
The Effect Of Replacing Maize With Cassava Peel Meal On The Performance Of Weaned Rabbits
Authors: Esonu B. O. , Udedibie A. B. I. 
Published: March 2021

A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal replacement level(s) of dried cassava peel meal (DCPM) for maize in diets for weaner rabbits. Four experimental diets were formulated such that dried cassava peel meal replaced maize at 0, 50%, 75% and 100% levels, respectively. Each diet was fed to five replicates of 3 weaner rabbits of mongrel type (Newzealand White and Flemish Giant). Fecal collections were done as from the 10th day of the feeding trial for determination of dry matter digestibility.
Dried cassava peel meal significantly (P<0.05) depressed feed intake of the rabbits at 100% replacement level. At both 75% and 100% replacement levels, DCPM also significantly (P<0.05) depressed body weight gain of the rabbits. Feed conversion ratio was not affected by the treatments but dry matter digestibility was significantly (P<0.05) depressed by DCPM at the three levels. Feed cost savings in percent were 8.25, 18.65 and 32.72, respectively for the three levels of replacement.
Preliminary Observations On The Use Of Maize/ Sorghum Based Dried Brewer's Grains Fortified With Palm Oil For Finishing Broilers
Authors: Udedibie A. B. I. , Emenalom O. O. 
Published: March 2021

Production of beer based on maize and sorghum gives rise to a byproduct (brewer's grains) which appears less fibrous and more nutritious than the conventional barley-based by-product. Studies were conducted to determine its proximate composition and effect as broiler finisher diet when fortified with 8% palm oil, 3% bone meal and 0.25% of lysine, methionine, salt and trace mineral/vitamin premix, respectively. The maize/sorghum based dried brewer's grains so treated was compared with a conventional commercial broiler finisher diet in a 4-week feeding trial involving 6-week old broiler chicks of Anak breed.
The maize/sorghum based dried brewers' grains contained 28.64%, 6.5%, 7.27%, 12.42% and 45.17% crude protein, fat, total ash, fibre and NFE, respectively. Fortified maize/sorghum based brewers’ grains supported weight gain for finisher broilers comparable to the control, the commercial finisher diet.
EFFECTS OF GENOTYPE AND DIETARY ENERGY ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS
Authors: Ayorinde K. L. 
Published: March 2021

A3 X 3 factorial experiment was conducted to study the effect of three dietary energy levels 2800 (LE), 3000 (ME) and 3200 (HE) Kcal/kg feed on the growth, feed and water intake, feed; water ratio feed efficiency, carcass yield and abdominal fat in three commercial broiler strains, Anak (A), Cobb(C) and Shaver (S). and dietary energy had no significant effect (P>0.05) on body weight and feed intake from 0 to 4 weeks of age. However, weight gain improved and feed intake decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increased dietary energy between 5 and 8 weeks of age. Birds of strain S consumed significantly (P<0.05) feed than those of A and C. Feed efficiency was not influenced by genotype but improved significantly (P<0.05) with increased dietary energy especially from 5 to 8 weeks of age. Water intake decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increased dietary energy and also differed among the three strains. Water to feed ratios were similar in the three diets and strains. Carcass yield was not significantly influenced by either strain or dietary energy but abdominal fat increased significantly (P<0.05) with increased dietary energy.
CAUSES OF VARIATION IN REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOAT
Authors: Adebambo O. A. , Samuel A. O. , Onakade A. D. 
Published: March 2021

Analysis was carried out on the reproductive performance of 59 WAD (Foula djullon) goats over 8 year period 1982-1990) under intensive management. The data involving a total of 176 kiddings comprising 311 kids were analysed to provide some information on the reproductive potential and the distribution of the Sexes on the WAD goats for an appraisal of its utilization for future genetic and environmental studies and the improvement of the breed in Nigeria. The results showed no significant seasonal effect on the kidding pattern. Singles, twins and triplets were 33.44, 48,23 and 16,40% respectively. Kidding interval varied from 91 to 2.10 days, annual kidding rate was 1..68 with mean kid birth weight of 1.5 +0.138, 1.49 +0.65 and 1.31+0.095kg for single twins and multiple births respectively. The average sex ratio was 48.79+0.18. The least squares constants showed that the age of dam, kidding interval and Season of kidding have significant effect on the sex ratio with more males born by those after 3 years of age particularly during the dry season 't shorter kidding intervals or 191-220 days. Calculated frequency of sex combination of males to females was 0.4005, 0.4662 and 0.1333 trizygotic, dizygotic and monozygotic twins among the triplets - The frequency was 0.67 for monzygotic twinning among the twin births. Although preweaning mortalities of 12.26, 16.33 and 19.36% were recorded for single, twin and multiple births respectively, highly significant survival rate was recorded in the dry season (84.40+0.75) than in the wet season 81,18 +0.75 whilst the kidding interval was between 200 - 240 days in about 56% of the population studied. The current emphasis on the presence of monozygotic twins with a frequency of 67% among twin birth and 13.3% among the triplets is to assist in utilizing this trait in the goat for studies that could enhance the modification of the environment or improve the genetic potentials of the breed.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LAYING AGE AND REPEATABILITY OF EGG QUALITY TRAITS
Authors: Ibe S. N. , Okonkwo J. C. 
Published: March 2021

Repeatability of 22 -, 26, 30 - and 32 - week egg weight (EW)., shell thickness (ST), Haugh (1955) unit (HU), yolk index (Yl)and shape, index (SI) was estimated based on the first three eggs laid in the week by fifty - six commercial Harco pullets. There was a consistent increase in repeatability estimates for these traits as laying age progressed. The estimates ranged from 0.67 to 0.85, 0.53 to 0.84., 0.51 to 0.87, 0.20 to 0.61 and 0.26 to 0.52 for EW, ST, HU, YI and Si, respectively. While repeatability of EW increased by 0.02 units per week, that of HU increased by 0.03 and 0.04 unit per week, respectively. Repeatability of EW, ST and HU showed a linear relationship with age, whereas that of YI and ȘI showed a linear relationship with age, whereas that of YI and SI showed a curvilinear relationship with age. The general increase in repeatability of each trait with age indicates that fewer records will be required to adequately characterize the inherent producing ability of each hen for the trait as laying age progressed.
UTILIZATION OF RICE OFFAL IN PRACTICAL RATIONS FOR BROILER CHICKS
Authors: DAFWANG I. I. , SHWARMEN E. B. N. 
Published: March 2021

Rice offal, a by-product of rice processing, was fed at graded levels of 0,5,10,15 and 20% to 1800 broiler chicks from 3-6 weeks old in two experiments. In experiment 1, Weight gains were significantly depressed by the rice and 20% for layers. offal-containing diets except for one ration 10% rice offal which gave growth performance comparable to those obtained with the control diets. In the second experiment, however, growth performance on rations containing 0,5 and 10% is usually discarded as a waste product. Most rice offal were similar for all parameters measured. It was concluded that rice offal can be fed successfully to broiler chicks at dietary feeding levels of up to 10% without adverse effects on growth performance.
THE STUDY OF HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE NIGERIAN LOCAL CHICKEN
Authors: MMEREOLE F. U. C. 
Published: March 2021

An investigation was conducted to study the haematological parameters of the Nigerian local chicken using a total of 100 local chickens out of which 30 were randomly selected for bleeding. The blood samples were subjected to laboratory analysis to identify their haemoglobin contents, fragility and sedimentation rates as well as red blood cell counts, white blood cell counts and coagulation time. The results indicated that haemoglobin content ranged from 63.82 - 78.,43% with a mean of 70,43%, fragility and sedimentation rates ranged from 0.40 - 0.85% osmotic equivalent, coagulation time from 3.82 -6.25 minutes with a mean of 4.61 minutes, the red blood cell counts from 1.93 - 2.96 (x10°/ul) with a mean of 2.5 (x10°/ul) and white blood cell counts from 962 - 1,868 cells/ul with a mean of 1,216 cells/ul. It is believed that the establishment of the normal blood characteristics of the local chicken as done in this study, can be of immense aid in detecting abnormalities in the blood characteristics which can be used in diagnosing certain blood related diseases.
SURVIVAL POTENTIAL OF STRESSED CHICKS
Authors: LASEINDE E. A. O. 
Published: March 2021

Two hundred and forty broiler, cockerel and pullet chicks were deprived feeds, water brooder heat or combination of these to stimulate similar careless or accidental farm situations so as to find their effect on the chicks survival.The type of bird as well as brooder heat had no significant effect (P>0.05) respectively on survival of chicks exposed to starvation stress, Age of chicks and nature of starvation significantly affected chicks survival. condition. A significant (P<0.05) mortality rate was recorded at ages 4 and 5 days. The maximum and evening to monitor the room temperature survival duration was 8 days for all stress chicks. Those deprived of only water survived significantly (P <0.05) longer than others. either feed, drinking water or both.