bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing soft-tissue shrinkage artefacts caused by staining with Lugol’s solution
Authors: Dawood Y. , Hagoort J. , Siadari B. A. , Ruijter J. M. , Gunst Q. D. , Lobe N. H. J. , Strijkers G. J. , de Bakker B. S. , van den Hoff M. J. B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDiffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) is progressively used in clinical and morphological research to study developmental anatomy. Lugol’s solution (Lugol) has gained interest as an effective contrast agent; however, usage is limited due to extensive soft-tissue shrinkage. The mechanism of Lugol-induced shrinkage and how to prevent it is largely unknown, hampering applications of Lugol in clinical or forensic cases where tissue shrinkage can lead to erroneous diagnostic conclusions. Shrinkage was suggested to be due to an osmotic imbalance between tissue and solution. Pilot experiments pointed to acidification of Lugol, but the relation of acidification and tissue shrinkage was not evaluated. In this study, we analyzed the relation between tissue shrinkage, osmolarity and acidification of the solution during staining. Changes in tissue volume were measured on 2D-segmented magnetic resonance and diceCT images using AMIRA software. Partial correlation and stepwise regression analysis showed that acidification of Lugol is the main cause of tissue shrinkage. To prevent acidification, we developed a buffered Lugol’s solution (B-Lugol) and showed that stabilizing its pH almost completely prevented shrinkage without affecting staining. Changing from Lugol to B-Lugol is a major improvement for clinical and morphological research and only requires a minor adaptation of the staining protocol.
Chemical reaction and thermal radiation impact on a nanofluid flow in a rotating channel with Hall current
Authors: Lv Yu-Pei , Shaheen Naila , Ramzan Muhammad , Mursaleen M. , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Malik M. Y. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe objective of the present exploration is to examine the nanoliquid flow amid two horizontal infinite plates. The lower plate is stretchable and permeable. The uniqueness of the flow model is assimilated with the Hall effect, variable thermal conductivity, thermal radiation, and irregular heat source/sink. Transmission of mass is enhanced with the impression of chemical reaction incorporated with activation energy. Appropriate similarity transformation is applied to transform the formulated problem into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The numerical solution is obtained by employing MATLAB software function bvp4c. The dimensionless parameters are graphically illustrated and discussed for the involved profiles. An increasing behavior is exhibited by the temperature field on escalating the Brownian motion, thermophoresis parameter, variable thermal conductivity, and radiation parameter. For larger values of Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter, the concentration profile deteriorates, while a reverse trend is seen for activation energy. The rate of heat transfer is strengthened at the lower wall on amplifying the Prandtl number. A comparative analysis of the present investigation with already published work is also added to substantiate the envisioned problem.
A spatial analysis for geothermal energy exploration using bivariate predictive modelling
Authors: Tende Andongma W. , Aminu Mohammed D. , Gajere Jiriko N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe development of predictive maps for geothermal resources is fundamental for its exploration across Nigeria. In this study, spatial exploration data consisting of geology, geophysics and remote sensing was initially analysed using the Shannon entropy method to ascertain a correlation to known geothermal manifestation. The application of statistical index, frequency ratio and weight of evidence modelling was then used for integrating every predictive data for the generation of geothermal favourability maps. The receiver operating/area under curve (ROC/AUC) analysis was then employed to ascertain the prediction accuracy for all models. Basically, all spatial data displayed a significant statistical correlation with geothermal occurrence. The integration of these data suggests a high probability for geothermal manifestation within the central part of the study location. Accuracy assessment for all models using the ROC/AUC analysis suggests a high prediction capability (above 75%) for all models. Highest prediction accuracy was obtained from the frequency ratio (83.3%) followed by the statistical index model (81.3%) then the weight of evidence model (79.6%). Evidence from spatial and predictive analysis suggests geological data integration is highly efficient for geothermal exploration across the middle Benue trough.
Major bacterial isolate and antibiotic resistance from routine clinical samples in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Hailemariam Mengistu , Alemayehu Tsegaye , Tadesse Bereket , Nigussie Netsanete , Agegnehu Asnakech , Habtemariam Techilo , Ali Mulubrhan , Mitiku Enkosilassie , Azerefegne Elshaday 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCurrently, antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections are a challenge for the health care system. Although physicians demand timely drug resistance data to guide empirical treatment, local data is rather scarce. Hence, this study performed a retrospective analysis of microbiological findings at the Hawassa public hospital. Secondary data were retrieved to assess the prevalence and level of drug resistance for the most common bacterial isolates from clinical samples processed at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Out of 1085 clinical samples processed in the microbiology laboratory, the prevalence of bacterial infection was 32.6%. Bacterial bloodstream infection was higher in children than in adults (OR, 4; 95% CI 1.8–14.6; p = 0.005). E. coli and K. pneumoniae were the commonest bacterial isolate both in children (36.8%, 26.3%) and in adults (33.3%, 26.7%)
from the urine sample while, the leading bacteria identified from the CSF sample was P. aeruginosa, 37% in children and 43% in adult. In this study, all identified bacterial isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR) ranging from 50 to 91%. The highest proportion of MDR was S. aureus 91.1 followed by K. pneumoniae 87.6%. Since the nationwide investigation of bacterial isolate, and drug resistance is rare in Ethiopia, a report from such type of local surveillance is highly useful to guide empirical therapy by providing awareness on the level resistance of isolates.
Enhanced ferroelectricity in NaNbO3–LaCoO3:Mn epitaxial thin film
Authors: Yang Mingdi , Li Shan , Wang Yilin , Qi He , Lin Kun , Li Qiang , Xing Xianran 
Published: October 2021

A (001)-oriented NaNbO3–LaCoO3:Mn ferroelectric thin film with enhanced tetragonal distortion and large remanent polarization (31 μC cm−2) achieved by chemical modification was successfully deposited on a SrRuO3-buffered LaAlO3 substrate.
Psychosocial Comorbidities in Adolescents With Histories of Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Lewis Barbara A. , Benchek Penelope , Tag Jessica , Miller Gabrielle , Freebairn Lisa , Taylor H. Gerry , Iyengar Sudha K. , Stein Catherine M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Adolescent psychosocial outcomes of individuals with histories of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) were compared to outcomes of individuals with histories of speech sound disorders (SSD) only and SSD with language impairment (LI). It was hypothesized that individuals with more severe and persistent disorders such as CAS would report poorer psychosocial outcomes.

Method
Groups were compared using analyses of variance on a psychosocial assessment battery that included measures of hyperactivity and inattention, anxiety, depression, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, thought problems, and social outcomes.

Results
Results revealed significant group differences on self-report of social problems and parent report of hyperactivity, thought problems, and social problems at adolescence. Compared to the SSD-only group, the CAS group had significantly higher parental ratings of hyperactivity and social problems in adolescence. The CAS and SSD + LI groups did not differ on psychosocial measures, possibly due to the high rate of comorbid LI in the CAS group. The CAS group also had more individuals who scored in the borderline/clinical range on self-report of social problems than the SSD-only group. The CAS group did not differ from the SSD + LI group in the number of participants scoring in the borderline/clinical range on measures.

Conclusions
Individuals with histories of CAS demonstrate increased rates of social problems and hyperactivity based on parent ratings compared to adolescents with histories of SSD only; however, most do not score within the clinical range. The persistence of speech sound errors combined with self-reported and parent-reported social difficulties suggests that speech-language pathologists should be sensitive to the social and emotional impact of CAS and make appropriate referrals to mental health professionals when warranted.
International Telepractice: Encouraging Equity, Partnership, and Sustainability
Authors: Rule David W. , Ramrattan Heidi M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
The following commentary outlines the principles of international telepractice with regard to speech-language pathology and audiology services. Additionally, this commentary provides critical caveats and concerns surrounding international telepractice as well as a summary of principles to follow as telepractice programs encourage access to care and bidirectional, sustainable, and ethical practice development.

Conclusions:
Telepractice among communication disorders professionals has grown exponentially in recent years. With the rise in telepractice opportunities, easier access to digital practice platforms, and increased Internet access through mobile devices, telepractice is a popular therapeutic modality in the communication disorders field. Telepractice applications have extended beyond therapeutic services alone and into clinical education among speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and audiologists (AUDs). Telepractice has also extended beyond national borders called international telepractice. This practice has the potential to improve access to critical rehabilitative and therapeutic services, build capacity in allied rehabilitation systems, and encourage global bidirectional partnership among SLPs and AUDs. However, this practice should not proceed without caution, and the ethical implications should be carefully and critically considered.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Transformation in a Speech-Language Pathology University Program in South Africa
Authors: Seedat Jaishika , Adams Skye Nandi , Coutts Kim , Kater Kelly-Ann , Sher Jenna , Sawasawa Cynthia 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The far-reaching and extensive ramifications of COVID-19 from the impact on people, sectors, livelihoods, lifestyles, and typical day-to-day routines may only be fully realized over the next decade. Over and above the health sector, education was also hard hit. The harmful effects of the sudden cessation of synchronous learning for learners at every phase of education in South Africa remain perplexing and not yet fully understood. For students in their senior years of qualification in degrees at university, the ramifications of COVID-19 over 2020 have been especially significant given their certain entry into the work arena in 2021.

Method
This article highlights how the understanding of the full impact of COVID-19 in the university space cannot be separated from the struggles that have and continue to permeate higher education in South African universities since the fall of apartheid.

Results
The need for tangible data showing evidence of transformation within lecture spaces, teaching content, staff and student diversity, as well as access and belonging by students within the academic space, has been less than ideal. Thus, despite the writings in policy, evidence of real change at the ground level has been sparse. Although it is easy to nonchalantly overlook a small department, such as that of speech-language pathology, within the larger higher education sector in Johannesburg, South Africa, we showcase what we believe were gains in transformation in our department, until the somewhat rude appearance of COVID-19.

Conclusion
Despite a notable difference in the digital divide between students with and without access (financial, technological, and time), the promulgation for asynchronous online learning to ensure adherence to academic and clinical competency bode well for some, but not all, students.
A risk management framework for power distribution networks undergoing a typhoon disaster
Authors: Mu Yunfei , Li Lin , Hou Kai , Meng Xianjun , Jia Hongjie , Yu Xiaodan , Lin Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWith the increasing distribution network accidents caused by typhoon disasters, risk management in typhoon scenarios is necessary. A risk management framework for power distribution networks (PDNs) undergoing a typhoon disaster is proposed. First, a risk prediction model of the PDN under typhoon conditions based on the Batts model is developed to predict the loss of load risk (LLR) index and economic loss risk (ELR) index of the PDN before the typhoon lands. Then, a vulnerability index of overhead lines, considering the failure frequency of specific overhead lines and their load importance, is introduced for use in a weak link identification model to identify weak links in the PDN. Finally, a two‐time‐step risk relief model based on typhoon forecast information and the identified weak links is developed to allocate PDN relief materials to reduce the LLR and ELR during a typhoon disaster. An IEEE RBTS BUS6 system is employed as a test system to verify the risk management strategy. The vulnerability index proposed by the strategy considers both the importance of load and line failure. The risk management strategy adopts a two‐time‐step model, which reduces the impact of meteorological forecast errors and enables more efficient use of materials. The results show that the proposed framework can take more effective use of relief materials to reduce the loss of PDNs compared with the traditional strategy.
A new method for Synthetic Impulse and Aperture Radar transmitting waveform design based on non‐sequential positive, negative and random carrier frequency coding with dot product approach
Authors: Yaghoubi Aliabad Pourya , Soleimani Hossein , Soleimani Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSynthetic Impulse and Aperture Radar (SIAR) is a kind of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar. It is a four‐dimensional radar that has advantages against stealth targets, multi targets, anti‐radiated missile, reconnaissance and interference, as well as valuable features in high range resolution and high detection probability. SIAR uses special frequency coding separately in each antenna. This code has an essential function in SIAR, such as separating frequency bandwidth, satisfying orthogonality in transmitted signals, suppressing range‐angle and range‐Doppler frequency coupling. Pulse‐to‐pulse frequency code agility is a kind of radar signal coding that is used to suppress the sidelobes in range‐Doppler frequency. In this study, a design method is suggested to transmit waveform based on non‐sequential positive, negative and random carrier frequency coding with the dot product approach in pulse‐to‐pulse frequency code agility, to reduce sidelobes in range‐Doppler frequency coupling. The simulation results showed that this method could effectively remove the strong coupling between range‐Doppler frequency. Removing coupling in the range‐Doppler frequency decreases the sidelobes.
Elevated Serum Levels of Carbohydrate Antigen 72–4 in
Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Shi Lei , Meng Jiali , Zhang Bin , Chen Jiandong , Chen Jianzhong , Zhang Jue 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether carbohydrate antigen 72–4
(CA72–4) is elevated in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and examine the
association between urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and
CA72–4 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Non-dialysis
patients with T2DM (n=296) and 90 healthy controls were recruited in
this study. CA72–4 level was measured by electrochemiluminescence
immunoassay. DKD was defined as UACR≥ 30 mg/g in the
absence of a urinary infection or other renal diseases. We found that patients
with DKD had significantly higher serum CA72–4 levels compared to those
with normoalbuminuria and healthy controls. Positive rates of CA72–4
increased gradually and markedly from normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria and
to macroalbuminuria in diabetic patients (7.5, 11.2, and 17.4%,
respectively; P for trend< 0.05). CA72–4 also showed a
positive correlation with UACR (r=0.288, P< 0.01).
Logistic regression analysis revealed the association of increased UACR with an
increased odds ratio of elevation of CA72–4 levels (P for
trend< 0.05) after multivariable adjustment. In conclusion, serum levels
of CA72–4 increase abnormally with the increase in urinary albumin
excretion, which affects the specificity of diagnosis of malignancies. An
appropriate interpretation of CA72–4 is essential to prevent unnecessary
and even hazardous diagnostic procedures in patients with T2DM.
When Musical Accompaniment Allows the Preferred Spatio-Temporal
Pattern of Movement
Authors: Emmanouil Analina , Rousanoglou Elissavet , Georgaki Anastasia , Boudolos Konstantinos D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA musical accompaniment is often used in movement coordination and stability
exercise modalities, although considered obstructive for their fundament of
preferred movement pace. This study examined if the rhythmic strength of musical
excerpts used in movement coordination and exercise modalities allows the
preferred spatio-temporal pattern of movement. Voluntary and spontaneous body
sway (70 s) were tested (N=20 young women) in a non-musical
(preferred) and two rhythmic strength (RS) musical conditions (Higher:HrRS,
Lower:LrRS). The center of pressure trajectory was used for the body sway
spatio-temporal characteristics (Kistler forceplate, 100 Hz). Statistics
included paired t-tests between each musical condition and the non-musical one,
as well as between musical conditions (p≤0.05). Results indicated no
significant difference between the musical and the non-musical conditions
(p>0.05). The HrRS differed significantly from LrRS only in the
voluntary body sway, with increased sway duration (p=0.03), center of
pressure path (p=0.04) and velocity (p=0.01). The findings
provide evidence-based support for the rhythmic strength recommendations in
movement coordination and stability exercise modalities. The HrRS to LrRS
differences in voluntary body sway most possibly indicate that low-frequency
musical features rather than just tempo and pulse clarity are also
important.
Chirurgie bei gutartigen soliden Lebertumoren
Authors: Jusufi Maximilian Stanley , Habbel Victoria Susanne Antonia , Oldhafer Karl J. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDiese Übersicht konzentriert sich auf die 3 häufigsten gutartigen Lebertumoren – hepatische Hämangiome, fokale noduläre Hyperplasien und hepatozelluläre Adenome – und bietet einen Überblick über die klinischen Präsentationen, das diagnostische Vorgehen, das konservative Management sowie die interventionelle und chirurgische Behandlung.
Artificial intelligence versus expert endoscopists for diagnosis of gastric cancer in patients who have undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: Niikura Ryota , Aoki Tomonori , Shichijo Satoki , Yamada Atsuo , Kawahara Takuya , Kato Yusuke , Hirata Yoshihiro , Hayakawa Yoku , Suzuki Nobumi , Ochi Masanori , Hirasawa Toshiaki , Tada Tomohiro , Kawai Takashi , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aims To compare endoscopy gastric cancer images diagnosis rate between artificial intelligence (AI) and expert endoscopists.
Patients and methods We used the retrospective data of 500 patients, including 100 with gastric cancer, matched 1:1 to diagnosis by AI or expert endoscopists. We retrospectively evaluated the noninferiority (prespecified margin 5 %) of the per-patient rate of gastric cancer diagnosis by AI and compared the per-image rate of gastric cancer diagnosis.
Results Gastric cancer was diagnosed in 49 of 49 patients (100 %) in the AI group and 48 of 51 patients (94.12 %) in the expert endoscopist group (difference 5.88, 95 % confidence interval: −0.58 to 12.3). The per-image rate of gastric cancer diagnosis was higher in the AI group (99.87 %, 747 /748 images) than in the expert endoscopist group (88.17 %, 693 /786 images) (difference 11.7 %).
Conclusions Noninferiority of the rate of gastric cancer diagnosis by AI was demonstrated but superiority was not demonstrated.
Aerobic Oxidations via Organocatalysis: A Mechanistic Perspective
Authors: Li Haoran , Wang Yongtao , Yao Jia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis review focuses on recent advances and mechanistic views of aerobic C(sp3)–H oxidations catalyzed by organocatalysts, where metal catalysis and photocatalysis are not included.1	Introduction2	Carbanion Route: TBD-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Oxygenation2.1	α-Hydroxylation of Ketones2.2	Carbonylation of Benzyl C(sp3)–H3	Radical Route: NHPI-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Oxidation3.1	N-Oxyl Radicals and Mechanisms3.2	Oxygenation of Benzyl C(sp3)–H3.3	Solvent Effects4	Hydride-Transfer Route: TEMPO-Catalyzed Oxidations4.1	Oxoammonium Cation and Mechanisms4.2	Dehydrogenation of Alcohols4.3	Oxygenation of Benzyl C(sp3)–H5	Conclusions and Outlook
Triple Intussusception in an Adult—A Rare Presentation of Adenocarcinoma Ileum
Authors: Jadhav Kirankumar P. , Krishnan Gayathri 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntestinal intussusception is uncommon in adults. It occurs more often in the small intestine than in the colon. In adults, when small bowel intussusception occurs, it can be due to a malignant lead point. Malignant etiology is most frequently due to diffuse metastatic disease. We present a rare case of an 18-year-old woman who was diagnosed with jejunojejunal, jejunoileal, and colocolic intussusceptions. She presented with vomiting, abdominal pain, and passage of semisolid stools for 5 days. During emergency exploratory laparotomy, multiple polyps were found in the jejunum, ileum, and sigmoid. Jejunotomy and sigmoidotomy were done to remove the respective polyps. The ileal polyp showed hemorrhagic changes; hence, an intraoperative decision was taken to proceed with resection and anastomosis. On histopathological examination, the resected ileal part showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (grade 2) arising from an adenomatous polyp, while the jejunal polyp and sigmoid polyp were adenomatous polyps with low-grade dysplasia. Patient received six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPEOX regimen). After 2 years, she is symptom free with a normal colonoscopy. The treatment of intussusception in adults typically involves surgery, often with bowel resection as there is always a pathologic leading cause which may be malignant, like in our case.
Aortic Dissection in a Case of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tabassum Tania , Brazier Andrew , Garcia Miguel , Pettemerides Victoria , Barnard James 
Published: October 2021

AbstractManagement of acute Type A aortic dissection can be complicated by patient comorbidities. We describe the case of a 29-year-old female with preexisting peripartum cardiomyopathy who developed a Type A dissection. Surgery was performed and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was instituted. She left hospital on the 71st postoperative day. It is extremely rare for a patient with cardiomyopathy to develop an aortic dissection. Deferring this patient's surgery to an ECMO center was crucial for her survival.