bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Comparative Efficacy of Brahmi vs. Haritaki Extract in the Management of Academic Stress in Adolescent Students- A Prakriti based Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pandey Vidya Bhushan , Rathi Renu Bharat , Rathi Bharat , Verma Jitesh 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Prevalence of mental illnesses among adolescents was found 7.3% (N=1191) by NMHS survey 2015-16 whereas the national crime record bureau in 2014 stated 1.8% of students committed suicide due to failure in their exams. The root cause, that is academic stress is often ignored which occurred due to various stressors like physical, mental, family, school, relationship, and social factors of which School factor (56.7%) and academic tests (45.6%) hold maximum association. Proper management can be provided with Ayurveda by Prakriti wise (exploring one physical, physiological and psychological factors) analysis of stress and their coping up strength and effect, when assisted with oral intakes of Ayurveda drugs like Brahmi and Haritaki along with Sattvavajaya Chikitsa having Achar Rasayana, Surya Namaskar, Dharna, and Dhyana practices.
Aim and Objectives: The aim is to evaluate the comparative efficacy of Brahmi extract with Sattvavajaya Chikitsa over the effect of Haritaki extract with Sattvavajaya Chikitsa in the management of Academic Stress among adolescent students of different Prakriti.
Material and Methods: A double-blind reference standard controlled stratified randomized superiority clinical trial is planned. The sample size of 198 participants with 13% dropout consideration will be enrolled after analysis of their Prakriti and stress level between 5-25 according to the SAAS scale. Total 6 subgroups (3 each for trial drug group and 3 for standard control) will have Vata, Pitta, and Kapha Doshic (V, P & K) dominant Prakriti participants of 10 to 17years of age. Total 33 participants in each subgroup will have the interventions for 90 days.
Observation and Results: Participants will be assessed for changes in salivary cortisol, level of academic stress, IQ, and memory before and after the trial. The standard descriptive and inferential statistical measures will be used to assess the effect of interventions.
Conclusion: Prakriti analysis will help stressed adolescents to know their strengths and interventions provided will be expected to help a stressed one to minimize stress level and also assist in developing their stress-coping mechanism.
Allergic Reaction of the Body to Drugs Used in Dental Practice
Authors: Shefova Anastasiia Vladimirovna , Galustyan Andrey Olegovich , Shershneva Angelina Olegovna , Tyukavina Olga Vladimirovna , Krekova Marina Mikhailovna , Markov Alexander 
Published: November 2021

The article examines allergic reactions of the body to drugs used in dental practice. The authors note that adverse or allergic reactions of medicines to the human body are possible with any medications that are prescribed or administered in a dental office. Although most of the pharmacological agents used today have a favorable profile and they are relatively safe, a modern specialist should be aware of potential adverse reactions that may occur and one should be ready to cope with any complications.
Adverse or allergic reactions are possible when working with drugs such as local anesthetics, sedatives, analgesics and antibiotics, for this reason, it is necessary to study the possible reactions of the patient's body to them when administering such drugs to reduce the negative impact on the body. In general, the pharmacological arsenal of a practicing dentist is relatively safe today. However, a prudent clinician should be aware of potential adverse reactions that may occur as a result of taking medications, and be confident in the treatment of such complications.
The Outpatient Prescribing of Silver Sulfadiazine in Al-Kharj
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. 
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of the present study was to describe the outpatient prescription of silver sulfadiazine in Al-Kharj.
Methodology: This study was conducted in a public hospital in Alkharj. The data were collected from the outpatient pharmacy in the hospital and includes outpatients who received silver sulfadiazine in 2018.
Results: All of the silver sulfadiazine prescriptions were prescribed for 7 days. The prescriptions were made mainly by residents (96.67%). Most of the prescriptions were prescribed by emergency department (90.00%).
Conclusion: The use of silver sulfadiazine was uncommon in Alkharj possibly due to the use of effective natural medicines. Silver sulfadiazine could lead to several adverse effects so it is important to increase the awareness about the wise use of silver sulfadiazine and other topical antibiotics.
Incidence of Heart Diseases in Children with Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
Authors: Deepika . , Manasa . , Bell Framton Retna 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Cleft lip and cleft palate are one of the most common craniofacial malformations that occur in children. Congenital heart diseases are more prevalent among children with cleft lip and cleft palate. Early intervention is necessary to improve the survival and for proper development of children.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study is conducted at Paediatrics Department in Saveetha medical College for a period of one year. In the present study medical records of patients with cleft lip and palate are evaluated and analysed for the incidence of heart diseases.
Results: In the present study medical records of patients with cleft lip and palate are evaluated and analysed for the incidence of heart diseases. Out of 163 children with cleft lip and cleft palate, 56 children (71.42% male and 28.57% female) had cleft lip, 30 children (66.66% male and 33.33% female) had cleft palate, 77 children (66.23% male and 33.76% female) had both cleft lip and cleft palate.VSD is reported as the most common cardiac anomaly (42.86%) in children with cleft lip and cleft palate.
Conclusion: There is an increased incidence of congenital heart diseases in children with cleft lip and cleft palate. Echocardiography is an important investigation done for early identification and proper management.
Conservative Management of Cervical Rib- A Case Report
Authors: Agrawal Ayush , Uttamchandani Shivani , Deshmukh Mitushi , Lakhwani Madhu , Wadhokar Om C. 
Published: November 2021

Background: An additional rib that develops from the seventh cervical vertebra is known as a cervical rib, a congenital anomaly placed above the typical first rib, affecting 0.2- 0.5 percent of the total population. It may be seen on either the left or right sides. The majority of patients have little or no complaints and are identified by chance during an X-ray or CT scan. Due to the extreme compression on the arteries, veins and nerves caused by the position of the rib, which varies in shape and size, they might develop thoracic outlet syndrome. A cervical rib is a prolonged ossification of the lateral costal segment of the Cervical 7th vertebra.
Clinical Presentation: A 18 years old female patient was diagnosed with cervical rib on X-ray due to persistent pain at right hand. Patient concern with reduced mobility of the right upper limb and unable to lift the hand. The patient went physiotherapy treatment which comprise of exercise and electro therapy for 10 weeks which resulted in improvements in pain and range of motion and functional activities
Conclusion: The case report suggest that a prompt structured physical rehab let to improving the functional goals progressively and significantly which is a measured aspect leading to a successful recovery.
Comparative Bacterial Metagenomics of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I. M. Johnston and Other Leafy Vegetables
Authors: Ogbuji Nkechi Gloria , Ataga Eromosele Anthony 
Published: November 2021

Aims: Vegetables provide a favourable habitat for diverse populations of microorganisms. Some vegetables, especially the ones used in salads are ready-to-eat food products and some phyllosphere bacteria might contribute to the prolonged presence of human food-borne pathogens in these vegetables.
Methodology: Phyllosphere bacteria associated with Cnidoscolus aconitifolius were evaluated using a culture-independent approach, Illumina MiSeq platform of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and then compared with publicly available data obtained from Spinacia oleracea (spinach) and Lactuca sativa (lettuce) on GenBank.
Results: The results from this study showed that the three vegetables harbor diverse bacterial organisms. Eighty-three (83) Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) assigned to five phyla were obtained from C. aconitifolius phyllosphere. The most predominant phyla across studied vegetables were: Proteobacteria (74.79%), Actinobacteria (8.69%) and Firmicutes (7.37%). Potential human pathogenic species such as Bacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., and Pseudomonas spp. were also present in lettuce and spinach. Bacteria with potential for antibiotic production, anti-microbial and antibiotic resistant genes belong to the families Bacillaceae, Streptomycetaceae, Pseudomonaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Enterococcaceae and Streptococcaceae. The most abundant taxa obtained from this study were Pseudomonas, Erwinia, Brachybacterium, Megasphaera, Janthinobacterium, Sphingomonas and Lactobacillus.
Conclusion: Our result successfully determined the relative abundance of potential human and plant pathogens in the leafy vegetables and also showed the bacterial community structure in the studied vegetables.
Partly Covered PProDOT‐Me2 on MoS2 Nanosheets Counter Electrode for High‐Performance Self‐Powered Electrochromic Device
Authors: Khalifa Mahmoud A. , Sheng Kai , Wang Zitao , Zheng Jianming , Xu Chunye 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDeveloping a low‐cost and transparent counter electrode (CE) for a self‐powered electrochromic device (SP‐ECD) can address the requirements of building‐integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). Herein, a new partly covered poly(3,4‐(2,2‐dimethylpropylenedioxy) thiophene) (PProDOT‐Me2) on MoS2 nanosheets CE is developed for replacing an expensive Pt CE and achieving high‐performance SP‐ECD. The device consists of the proposed CE, an electrolyte containing Br−/Br3− redox pair, and a working electrode made with a dye‐sensitized TiO2 photoanode integrated with PProDOT‐Me2. ECD changes its color between deep blue and colorless by varying the illuminated light on and off. Measurements reveal that the ECD achieves a transmittance modulation of 46% at 580 nm with cycling stability over 500 cycles (4% contrast attenuation) that are about five times stable than that based on Pt or MoS2 CE. In addition, the switching speed between colored and bleached states is fast under a light on and off, with a coloration time of 2.1 s and a bleaching time of 1.5 s. These characteristics result from the unique design of CE and can be beneficial in accelerating the electrochromic process and enhancing the self‐powered performance for good cycling stability. This study reveals a new approach to prepare good CE for efficient SP‐ECD in BIPVs.
Polaron in TiO2 from First‐Principles: A Review
Authors: De Lile Jeffrey Roshan , Bahadoran Ashkan , Zhou Su , Zhang Jiujun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOften the choice of semiconductor material for light‐chemical energy conversion in solar cell technology is TiO2 polymorphs. However, quantum‐mechanical phenomena of electron self‐trapping (polaron) in these polar semiconductors present a challenge to optimize their performance for absorption of solar radiation. The electron trapped in the defect site of the lattice may suppress the recombination of charge carriers and improve the efficiency of light‐chemical energy conversion. Therefore, it is crucial to study polarons in transition metal oxides and semiconductors using first‐principles methods to elucidate the nature of charge carriers and trapping sites for ameliorating the performance of energy conversion. In this work, a comprehensive review is presented using selected literature of polaron studies in TiO2 from first‐principles methods. Overview of the Landau–Pekar model to the recent development of ab initio theory of polaron is presented. The popular DFT+U approach and hybrid functional method are discussed to show the general way of studying polaron using ab initio methods. Introduction of electron‐phonon interaction and the ab initio theory of polaron are briefly presented Therefore, this review presents the development of first‐principles methods from Landau theory to the state‐of‐the‐art to study polarons using TiO2 as the toy model. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives are outlined.
Domino 1,4‐ and 1,4‐Addition Reactions of Ketene Silyl Thioacetals to Dialkynyl Imines Promoted by Scandium Triflate: Synthesis of Multifunctionalized δ‐Lactams
Authors: Watanabe Yuya , Isaka Keisuke , Sato Koki , Kokado Shinya , Mizutani Amane , Hachiya Iwao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDomino 1,4‐ and 1,4‐addition reactions of ketene silyl thioacetals to dialkynyl imines are disclosed. Scandium triflate promoted domino 1,4‐ and 1,4‐addition reactions of ketene silyl thioacetals to dialkynyl imines to give a variety of alkynyl δ‐lactams in moderate to good yields.
Layered 2D Halide Perovskites beyond the Ruddlesden–Popper Phase: Tailored Interlayer Chemistries for High‐Performance Solar Cells
Authors: Gong Jue , Hao Mingwei , Zhang Yalan , Liu Mingzhen , Zhou Yuanyuan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLayered halide perovskites (LHPs) with crystallographically 2D structures have gained increasing interest for photovoltaic applications due to their superior chemical stability and intriguing anisotropic properties, which are in contrast to their conventional 3D perovskite counterparts. The most frequently studied LHPs are Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phases, which suffer from a carrier‐transport bottleneck due to the van der Waals gap associated with their intrinsic organic interlayer structures. To address this issue, Dion–Jacobson (DJ) and alternating‐cation‐interlayer (ACI) LHPs have rapidly emerged, which exhibit unique structural and (opto)electronic characteristics that may resemble those of the 3D counterparts owing to the eliminated or reduced van der Waals gap. Improved photophysical properties have been achieved in DJ and ACI LHPs, leading towards better photovoltaic performance. Here we provide a comprehensive discussion on the merits and promises of DJ and ACI LHPs from a chemistry perspective. Then, we review recent progress on the synthesis and tailoring of DJ and ACI LHP crystals and thin films, as well as their optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance. Finally, we discuss possible pathways to overcome critical challenges to realize the full potential of DJ and ACI LHPs for high‐performance solar cells and beyond.
Conformational Flexibility of the Protein Insertase BamA in the Native Asymmetric Bilayer Elucidated by ESR Spectroscopy
Authors: Gopinath Aathira , Joseph Benesh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe β‐barrel assembly machinery (BAM) consisting of the central β‐barrel BamA and four other lipoproteins mediates the folding of the majority of the outer membrane proteins. BamA is placed in an asymmetric bilayer and its lateral gate is suggested to be the functional hotspot. Here we used in situ pulsed electron‐electron double resonance spectroscopy to characterize BamA in the native outer membrane. In the detergent micelles, the data is consistent with mainly an inward‐open conformation of BamA. The native membrane considerably enhanced the conformational heterogeneity. The lateral gate and the extracellular loop 3 exist in an equilibrium between different conformations. The outer membrane provides a favorable environment for occupying multiple conformational states independent of the lipoproteins. Our results reveal a highly dynamic behavior of the lateral gate and other key structural elements and provide direct evidence for the conformational modulation of a membrane protein in situ.
Correlating Reaction Dynamics and Size Change during the Photomechanical Transformation of 9‐Methylanthracene Single Crystals
Authors: Morimoto Kohei , Kitagawa Daichi , Tong Fei , Chalek Kevin , Mueller Leonard J. , Bardeen Christopher J. , Kobatake Seiya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhotomechanical molecular crystals that expand under illumination could potentially be used as photon‐powered actuators. In this study, we find that the use of high‐quality single crystals of 9‐methylanthracene (9MA) leads to more homogeneous reaction kinetics than that previously seen for polycrystalline samples, presumably due to a lower concentration of defects. Furthermore, simultaneous observation of absorbance and shape changes in single crystals revealed that the dimensional change mirrors the reaction progress, resulting in a smooth expansion of 7 % along the c‐axis that is linearly correlated with reaction progress. The same expansion dynamics are highly reproducible across different single crystal samples. Organic single crystals exhibit well‐defined linear expansions during 100 % photoconversion, suggesting that this class of solid‐state phase change material could be used for actuation.
The effect of flow and mussel species traits on the occurrence of rare mussels: A case study within selected rivers of the West Gulf Coastal Plain
Authors: Kiser Alexander H. , Khan Jennifer M. , Robertson Clinton R. , Lopez Roel , Randklev Charles R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Mussel–flow relationships are not well defined and studies linking behavioural, physiological and life‐history traits to hydrological conditions remain scant. This lack of information hinders not only understanding of how flow shapes population and community processes but the development of evidence‐based flow recommendations to mitigate mussel declines.
Mussel–flow relationships were evaluated for Potamilus amphichaenus (Texas heelsplitter), Pleurobema riddellii (Louisiana pigtoe) and Truncilla macrodon (Texas fawnsfoot) from the Sabine, Trinity, Neches and Cypress River basins of East Texas using Indicators of Hydraulic Alteration and random forest models. These species were chosen because all three are currently being evaluated for listing under the US Endangered Species Act.
Analyses were performed on US Geological Survey stream gauge stations and mussel records within 20 km of each other. Only gauges with at least 15 years of continuous data and ≥70% overlap of flow records from 1968 to 2018 were included. For selected 28 gauges, Indicators of Hydraulic Alteration were used to calculate 47 hydrological parameters that describe the magnitude, frequency and duration of high and low flow events. Random forest classification models across species were significant and had low error rates (3.57–21.43%), moderate to high sensitivity (0.81–0.93) and moderate to high specificity (0.71–1.00).
Life‐history theory was useful for explaining how mussel species cope with hydrological variation. Potamilus amphichaenus and T. macrodon/Truncilla donaciformis, considered r‐selected or opportunistic strategists, were more likely to occur in basins characterized by significant changes in flow and land use compared with P. riddellii, considered a K‐selected or equilibrium strategist.
The analytical framework presented in this study should be helpful to managers and conservationists interested in determining how the flow regime is shaping aquatic communities in their region and developing reference points that could serve for ecological research, conservation and management.
The broad emission line asymmetry in a low mass ratio of supermassive binary black holes on elliptical orbits
Authors: Simić Saša , Popović Luka Č. , Kovačević Andjelka , Ilić Dragana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe investigate the broad line profiles emitted from a system supermassive binary black hole (SMBBH) having elliptical orbits and a low mass ratio of . Our model assumes a super Eddington accretion flow in the case of a smaller component, whereas the massive component has very small or negligible accretion, therefore supposing that no broad‐line region (BLR) is attached to it. Thus, the proposed SMBBH system contains one moving BLR, associated with the less massive component and one circum‐binary BLR. We study the effect of the different total mass of the system (ranging from 106 to 108 Solar masses) on the line profiles and to the continuum and line light curves. The resulted broad line profiles are asymmetric and shifted, and are varying during the orbital period. The asymmetry in the broad line profiles is discussed in terms of expected differences between the proposed model of the SMBBH with one active component and the scenario of a recoiling black hole. We discuss the periodicity detected in the line and continuum light curves, as well as in the variations of the line asymmetry and shift.
Long‐term outcomes of primary cardiac malignant tumors: Difference between African American and Caucasian population
Authors: Bui Quoc , Ngo Tam N. M. , Mazur Jan , Pham Vy , Palmer Cassady , Truong Binh Q. , Chung Eugene S. , Vuong Huy G. , Truong Vien T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe survival outcome for primary cardiac malignant tumors (PMCTs) based on race has yet to be fully elucidated in previously published literature. This study aimed to address the general long‐term outcome and survival rate differences in PMCTs among African Americans and Caucasian populations.MethodsThe 18 cancer registries database from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program from 1975 to 2016 were utilized. Ninety‐four African American (AA) and 647 Caucasian (CAU) patients from the SEER registry were available for survival analysis. The log‐rank test was used to compare the difference in mortality between two populations and presented by the Kaplan–Meier curves. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the independent predictors of all‐cause mortality.ResultsThe overall 30‐day, 1‐year, and 5‐year survival rates were 74%, 44.3%, and 16.6%, respectively, with a median survival of 10 months. There was no significant difference in survival rate between the two races (p‐value = 0.55). The 1‐year survival rate improved significantly during the study timeline in the AA population (13.3% during 1975–1998, 40.9% during 1999–2004, 50% during 2005–2010, and 59.7% during 2011–2016, p‐value = 0.0064). Age of diagnosis, type of tumor, disease stage, and chemotherapy administration are the main factors that predict survival outcomes of PMCT patients. Interactive nomogram was developed based on significant predictors.ConclusionsPMCTs have remained one of the most lethal diseases with poor survival outcome. Survival rate improved during the timeline in AA patients, but in general, racial differences in survival outcome were not observed.