bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibration analysis of nonlinear and linear elastic systems
Authors: Lichkovakha A. S. , Shemshura B. A. , Kuznetsov S. A. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. In this study, the task is to establish the theoretical prerequisites for the operability of a regressive-progressive elastic mechanism by comparing the amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase trajectories with a linear elastic system of comparable stiffness in a static equilibrium position.Methods. The article presents a comparative dynamic analysis of vibrations of elastic systems with linear rigidity and regressive-progressive characteristics obtained as a result of the use of elastic elements in the form of high flexibility rods with longitudinal eccentric compression. Such elastic elements in various design variants have been tested and patented as damping elements for use in the construction of vibration dampers for construction structures and vehicle suspensions, and have experimentally shown their effectiveness in damping vibrations.Results. The regressiveprogressive elastic characteristic obtained by the elliptic parameters method and using the ANSIS calculation complex is used in the dynamics equations in an approximated form, which expands the capabilities of the method. It is shown that increasing the energy intensity of a curvilinear system reduces the vibration amplitude.Conclusion. The regressive-progressive change of the stiffness of curvilinear elastic systems can be achieved using an elastic element with eccentric longitudinal compression; the regression plot of elastic properties is achieved due to eccentric compression; the progressive plot – through the use of a guide or other design solutions. The implementation of this characteristic allows using such elastic mechanisms in systems where the accumulation of potential energy occurs with a smaller compression stroke for the same perturbation than for linear systems.
Optimization of strutted beam parameters
Authors: Yusupov A. K. , Musеlеmov H. M. , Ustarhanov T. O. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. The objective of the research is to design strutted beams that have optimal parameters for metal consumption.Methods. A mathematical simulation of the operation of a strutted beam with elastic support in the middle of the span is used. The calculation formulas are obtained based on the solution of the corresponding differential equation of the transverse bend of the upper crossbar of the strutted beam.Results. A method has been developed to optimize the design parameters of a single-strut beam. Constructive calculation schemes are given, as well as formulas that allow assigning design parameters ensuring a minimum of metal consumption while maintaining the technological simplicity of manufacturing a strutted beam. An algorithm is constructed that can be used to design single-strut beams. The resulting calculation formulas are brief and easy to use.Conclusion. The proposed method allows reducing the weight of a single-strut beam by up to 60% compared to conventional beams.
Kurbanova. Design of energy-efficient high-speed computer equipment based on cost-effective light transistors
Authors: Gadgiev H. M. , Ismailova Sh. T. , Kurbanova P. A. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. The article deals with the formation of cost-effective light transistors for creating high-speed energy-efficient computer structures that can solve numerous problems with high speed and accuracy. For this purpose, various types of semiconductor structures are used that can emit and absorb photons for receiving and transmitting digital information.Methods. The use of mirror electrodes allows for repeated re-reflection of the generated photons inside the light transistor to recover all the generated energy into electricity. This increases the energy efficiency of the transistor as a whole and allows implementing computer devices with high efficiency in solving various tasks.Results. Most of the useful energy of the information signal is transferred from one electrode to another, and the movement has a higher speed due to the use of photons, rather than drifting electrons, and this indirectly increases the speed of the light transistor by several orders of magnitude and effectively solves the problem of implementing more powerful and high-speed transistors with greater economic benefits.Conclusion. Prospects for the implementation of high-speed energy-efficient computer structures based on both bipolar transistors and unipolar transistors, as well as thyristors, lasers, and other semiconductor components in light-emitting structures have been developed.
Method for forming a titanium-germanium contact layer for thermostabilization of transistors
Authors: Ismailov T. A. , Shakhmayeva A. R. , Yusufov Sh. A. , Kazalieva E. 
Published: January 2021

Objective. The objective of the study is to obtain high-quality and reproducible electrophysical parameters of thin-film metal layers, the formation technology of which determines the reliability and quality of microelectronic products – silicon transistors.Methods. A method for forming a two-layer titanium-germanium metallization to create a contact and remove heat from the collector junction of high-power semiconductor transistors on the reverse side of plates with formed structures is proposed. The proposed method ensures the quality of the soldered connection and thermal stabilization of semiconductor devices, increasing the reliability of the studied devices in radio electronic equipment systems.Results. This combination of sprayed metals provides a reliable contact to the collector area when the crystal is placed on the base of the case, which reduces the resistance of the ohmic transition and increases the output of suitable devices.Conclusion. Based on the results of experimental procedures, the optimal thicknesses of metal layers deposited on the reverse side of transistor crystals were obtained during the formation of metallization to fit crystals on the base of the case. The Ti-Ge system stability is studied. The technical result of the research is to improve the quality of planting by obtaining a uniform distribution of the Ti-Ge layer in a single technological cycle at a given temperature with a certain thickness for each metal separately.
Validity of Closed Ideals in Algebras of Series of Square Analytic Functions
Authors: Siddig Musa , Hussein Shawgy , Elseid Amani 
Published: January 2021

We show the validity of a complete description of closed ideals of the algebra which is a commutative Banach algebra , that endowed with a pointwise operations act on Dirichlet space of algebra of series of analytic functions on the unit disk satisfying the Lipscitz condition of order of square sequence obtained by (Brahim Bouya, 2008), we introduce and deal with approximation square functions which is an outer functions to produce and show results in .
EVALUATIONS OF SECONDARY METABOLITES ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL IN LEAF EXTRACTS OF CORBICHONIA DECUMBENS (FORSSK.) EXELL
Authors: DHA VIDYACHARANI , A ARUNPRASATH 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: The present work is to evaluate the presence of phenol and flavonoid contents, 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity and antimicrobial activity of Corbichonia decumbens leaf extracts.
Methods: C. decumbens leaves were collected, shaded, dried, powdered, and were subjected to Soxhlet apparatus for extraction using ethanol and petroleum ether. The ethanol and petroleum ether extract of the plant was tested for phenol, flavonoid, H2O2 contents, and DPPH scavenging activity using standard procedures. It is also subjected to antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungus using the well diffusion method.
Results: The result revealed that the leaf extracts contain phenol, flavonoid, and H2O2 contents. The values of DPPH radical scavenging activity recorded for ethanol and petroleum ether extract were 55.90±0.10 and 41.23±0.20, respectively. Antimicrobial activities of ethanolic leaf extracts showed lesser values compared to standard values.
Conclusion: The result of this study showed the presence of phenol and flavonoid content, evidenced the potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against all tested micro-organisms.
SAFETY OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE FOR COVID-19 PROPHYLAXIS AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: KHANNA SANGEETA , BEWAL NITUL M , ARORA AMIT , G V KRISHNA PRASAD 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Indian Council of Medical Research recommended hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for prophylaxis of COVID‐19 for healthcare workers and the Food and Drug Administration approved its use in the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID‐19 disease. Even though HCQ is adequately tolerated in usual circumstances, still questions about the harmful effects of the drug remain a cause for concern in adults treated with HCQ. The objective of this study was to evaluate the major and minor adverse effects of prophylactic HCQ for COVID-19 among healthcare workers.
Methods: Our analysis was intended to analyze HCQ’s adverse drug reaction profile for COVID‐19 prophylaxis in prophylactic doses in health-care staff. This was a cross-sectional study carried out among healthcare workers taking HCQ prophylaxis for COVID‑19. The study was carried out over 08 weeks period from April to May 2020. The data were obtained regarding age, sex, comorbidities, and possible adverse effects. A pretested and validated online questionnaire was provided to the participants to assess the harmful effects that they experienced when taking HCQ. Furthermore, pre and post 8 weeks prophylaxis, individuals underwent general and systemic examination, along with ECG and blood sugar level monitoring.
Results: The research group comprised 70 previously healthy and health-care staff. In 70 patients, 27 minor adverse effects were reported (18.9%). Headache was the most frequently reported symptoms followed by nausea and vomiting, itching, and skin rashes. There was no statistically relevant variation in harmful effects due to age or number of doses administered. However, none of the adverse effects was serious or debilitating.
Conclusion: With adequate pre-prophylaxis evaluation, health education, and regular monitoring, HCQ prophylaxis is safe and devoid of any serious adverse effects in previously healthy individuals.
CONSTRUCTION OF COMPUTATIONAL 3D STRUCTURES OF PROTEIN DRUG TARGETS OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: RAO SUDHIR , SAYEEDA MISBAH , PRAKASH TEJASHREE , AP PADMASHREE , IMRAN SABIA , RAVI LOKESH 
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study aims in constructing a three-dimensional modeled protein structure of potential drug targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.
Methods: The protein models were constructed using SWISS-Model online tool. The constructed protein models were submitted in online database called Protein Model Database (PMDB) for public access to the structures.
Results: A total of 100 protein sequences of M. tuberculosis were retrieved from UniProt database and were subjected for sequence similarity search and homology model construction. The constructed models were subjected for Ramachandran plot analysis to validate the quality of the structures. A total of 69 structures were considered to be of significant quality and were submitted to the online database PMDB.
Conclusion: These predicted structures would help greatly in identification and drug design to various strains of M. tuberculosis that are sensitive and resistant to different antibiotics. This would greatly help in drug development and personalized drug treatment against different strains of the pathogen. This database would significantly support the structure-based computational drug design applications toward personalized medicine in regard to differences in the various strains of the pathogen.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF PIPER BETLE L. LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST CLONIDINE-INDUCED CATALEPSY AND MILK-INDUCED LEUKOCYTOSIS AND EOSINOPHILIA IN MICE
Authors: N KALE RAMDAS , Y PATIL RAVINDRA 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Piper betle L. leaves extract against clonidine-induced catalepsy and milk-induced leukocytosis and eosinophilia in mice.
Methods: Methanolic extract of P. betle L. leaves was prepared using Soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the prepared extract was carried out using standard chemical tests. Effect of the prepared extract was evaluated against clonidine-induced catalepsy and milk-induced leukocytosis and eosinophilia in mice model.
Results: Maximum duration of catalepsy was observed at 90 min after the clonidine administration. There was a significant inhibition (p˂0.05) of clonidine-induced catalepsy in the animals pretreated with chlorpheniramine maleate and extract of P. betle leaves. Administration of milk (4 mg/kg) subcutaneous route exhibited a significant increase in leucocytes and eosinophil count after 24 h of administration. Methanolic extract of P. betle L. leaves showed significant inhibition (p˂0.05) of milk-induced leukocytosis and eosinophilia.
Conclusion: These results suggest that P. betle leaves extract may have the potential therapeutic value in the treatment of allergic diseases.
IN VITRO ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF NITROSAMINE – A CARCINOGENIC IMPURITIES IN OLMESARTAN MEDOXIMIL BY GC MS/MS METHOD
Authors: SARADHI NDVR , KUMAR K KALYAN , REDDY M VENKATA 
Published: January 2021

Objective: A simple and sensitive method development and validation for the simultaneous determination of the N-nitrosamine dimethylamine (NDMA) and N Nitrosamine diethylamine (NDEA) in Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) API and formulations by a tandem mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS).
Methods: Gas chromatography with a programmed oven temperature controller, Elite Wax (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.5 μm) column, Helium as carrier gas and hyphenated to the tandem mass spectrometer powered with triple quadrupole mass analyzer, and photomultiplier tube detector. The method was validated as per the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) guidelines.
Results: With the selected GC-MS/MS conditions, the NDMA and NDEA 0.08 μg/ml (80 ng/ml) and 0.16 μg/ml (160 ng/ml) injected and Rt. for NDMA 5.634 and NDEA 6.516 min, respectively. A linear/range lies in between 0.024 and 0.120 μg/ml and 0.048 and 0.240 μg/ml for NDMA and NDEA with r2 >0.99. The precision, accuracy, and system suitability are established as per USFDA and ICH guidelines, the sensitivity of NDMA limit of detection and limit of quantification 0.08, 0.024 and NDEA 0.16, 0.048.
Conclusion: Other nitrosamine impurities are not involved in the determination of NDMA and NDEA in the OLM using GC-MS/MS and the method is simple, sensitive, rapid, accurate, and precise.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SENSORY ANALYSIS OF JAMS PRODUCED FROM OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA CLADODES
Authors: KAMAL LEGRINE , DJAHIDA BENAOUANA , DALILA ABDESSEMED 
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study focuses on the production and evaluation of the physicochemical and sensory qualities of two jams, J1 and J2, produced from Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes. J1 made from cladodes with the addition of lemon juice and J2 made from cladodes with added 1/3 orange pulp and lemon juice.
Methods: The moisture content is determined by drying the fresh cladodes in an oven at 103°C. The soluble solids content is determined by measuring the Brix at 20°C using a digital refractometer. Total soluble sugar content was examined using the phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetric method using a spectrophotometer ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy. Sensory evaluation was carried out by 20 panelists. The individual quality features were evaluated using significance factors: Color, texture, aroma, and taste. For instrumental color analysis, the measurement was carried out with the use of spectrophotometer UV-visible, the results were expressed using the CIE (L*, a*, and b*) system.
Results: The physical and chemical analysis results give fairly appreciably results on average for total sugars (55.4 and 58.76%), Brix (65 and 67%), humidity (29.79 and 29.89%), and acidity (0.45 and 0.48 g/100 g). The sensory results give for color (3.73 and 6.42), for taste (4.89 and 5.21), for odor (3.00 and 3.57), and texture (4.21 and 4.21). The physicochemical analyses for cladodes showed a rich content for water 92.74, the total sugar content is 5.53.
Conclusion: These elaborate jams meet the accepted international standards for jams. The sensory evaluation revealed that J2 was the most appreciate in terms of color, odor, texture, and taste.
CHEMICAL PROFILING OF BUCHANANIA LANZAN SPRENG ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: S AJITH , V KRISHNA , KUMAR S RAVI , KUMAR NM VINAY 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition of the essential oil of Buchanania lanzan Spreng extracted from the seeds and to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial antioxidants and molecular docking studies of the major bioactive compounds of essential oil.
Methods: The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation of the B. lanzan seeds and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates by disk diffusion method and resazurin assay determined the minimum inhibitory concentration. The in vitro antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging assay; the essential oil major bioactive compounds are Androstan-3-ol, Campesterol, and γ-Sitosterol were docked against bacterial protein DNA gyrase.
Results: GC-MS analysis exhibited the presence of 19 bioactive compounds. The essential oil showed that significant antibacterial activity was noticed against V. cholerae and S. typhi with the highest zone of inhibition 15.67–1.20 and 13.83–0.33, respectively. Antioxidant activity in DPPH and H2O2 scavenging assays with IC50 values of 134.23 and 191.24, respectively. The molecular docking of Androstan-3-ol and γ-Sitosterol with bacterial DNA gyrase unveiled a good binding affinity of −6.4 kcal/mol and −6.3 kcal/ mol, respectively.
Conclusion: It could be concluded that the essential oils potential sources of antibacterial, antioxidant activities, and molecular docking of bioactive components. The results of this study provide partial scientific support for the traditional application of essential oils to cure diarrhea and also major bioactive compounds responsible for important biological activities.
ALTERATIONS OF SERUM CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS, MAGNESIUM, AND COPPER IN HYPERTHYROIDISM PATIENTS: A CASE–CONTROL STUDY
Authors: ATHOKPHAM DIANA , MOHANTY SHRABANI , BHARATKUMAR PINNELLI VENKATA 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and copper in hyperthyroid cases and to correlate each of the parameter with serum T3, T4, TSH, FT3, and FT4, respectively.
Methods: The study was conducted on 60 newly confirmed hyperthyroid cases based on the thyroid profile and 60 euthyroid cases were recruited as controls. Blood samples were collected from all these subjects and estimation of serum T3, T4, TSH, FT3, FT4, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium was done by autoanalyzer method. Serum copper was measured by modified spectrophotometric micro-method using guanidine hydrochloride and bathocuproine disulfonate disodium salt. The statistical analysis was done by paired test and Pearson’s correlation.
Results: Study results in hyperthyroid cases show mean serum calcium and copper levels were significantly (p<0.001) increased, serum phosphorus levels were significantly (p<0.001) decreased when compared to euthyroid. However, there was no significant change in magnesium when compared with euthyroid controls (p=0.556). We also found a significant positive correlation among serum Ca versus T3, T4, FT3, and FT4. A negative correlation with serum Ca versus TSH as observed. We also found significant positive correlation between serum phosphorus with TSH and significant negative correlation of phosphorus with T3, T4, FT3, and FT4. No suggestive significant correlation was found between serum Mg with T3, T4, TSH, FT3, and FT4 and serum copper with serum T3, T4, TSH, FT3, and FT4.
Conclusion: The present study has shown that metabolism of minerals is altered in hyperthyroid cases. Impaired metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and copper can lead to various metabolic disorders. Estimation of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and copper may be helpful in better management to prevent further complication and can be used as diagnostic or prognostic aid in patients with hyperthyroidism along with other biochemical parameters.
CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF NOVEL XANTHONE SOURCED FROM SWERTIA CHIRATA AGAINST SKIN CARCINOGENESIS
Authors: BARUA ATISH , CHOUDHURY PRITHA , PANDA CHINMAY KUMAR , SAHA PROSENJIT 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Swertia chirata forms a rich source of bio-active compounds, among which xanthones form an important part. Among the xanthones present in it, 1,5,8 Tri-hydroxy-3-methoxy xanthone (TMX) was found to be the most active. The present study aims to evaluate the chemotherapeutic potential of it against metastatic skin cancer cell lines.
Methods: In this study, the antitumor activity of TMX (the active component of chirata plant) was evaluated in A431, SKMEL-5, and A375 cell line by using in-vitro assays such as cell viability assay, cell cycle analysis, caspase 3 activity assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level determination by dichlorofluorescein diacetate, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results: In vitro studies showed that TMX from S. chirata exhibited significant antitumor activity by inducing apoptosis and restricting proliferation in both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer cell lines, but no such activity was seen in normal skin cancer cell line WS1. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that in both the melanoma ad non-melanoma cell lines, TMX could exert its antitumor activity by downregulating c-Myc, cyclin-D1, and β-catenin and up-regulating Wnt antagonist gsk-3β, thereby suppressing wnt self-renewal pathway, but such regulation was absent in normal cell line.
Conclusions: TMX from chirata could effectively inhibit the proliferation of metastatic skin cancer (both melanoma and non-melanoma) cell lines while being non-toxic to normal cell lines. The chemotherapeutic potential of TMX against metastatic skin cancer cell lines was achieved by downregulating several key regulatory genes enabling the suppression of the self-renewal pathway, the chief reason behind the invasiveness of cancer cells.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: S KARTHIKA , N KANNAPPAN , TNK SURIYAPRAKASH 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of different extracts of two medicinal plants.
Methods: In-vitro antioxidant activity of different extracts of Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb and Peristrophe bicalyculata (Retz.) Nees were determined by following methods such as Lipid peroxide assay (LPO), nitric oxide assay (NO), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT).
Results: Among eight different extracts, n-Hexane H. javanica extract and alcoholic P. bicalyculata extract showed more potent in vitro antioxidant activity in terms of LPO, NO, GSH, SOD, and CAT assay.
Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that n-Hexane H. javanica extract and alcoholic P. bicalyculata extract showed more potent in vitro antioxidant activity.