bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Positive Psychology Interventions Impact on the Subjective Wellbeing and Depression of Clients? A Systematic Methodological Review
Authors: McTiernan Kara , Gullon-Scott Fiona , Dudley Robert 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMental health services are placing a greater emphasis on wellbeing and recovery. The current research investigated if positive psychology interventions (PPIs) increase peoples’ subjective wellbeing and reduce clinical depression. A systematic methodological review was conducted on randomized-control-trials with people attending clinical services. Five databases were searched. A hand search was then completed on the reference lists of the identified articles and the associated journals. Eleven research interventions were reviewed. PPIs were found to significantly increase wellbeing, relative to controls and there were fewer studies indicating a difference in decreasing depression. However, subsequent analysis revealed that the interventions were heterogeneous which limits the drawing of definitive systematic conclusions. A methodological evaluation also found that there were recurring issues: in delivering the interventions, measuring subjective wellbeing, and applying the design. Thus, the methodological quality of the research interventions, as measured by the current review was low. There is emerging evidence that PPIs improve peoples’ mental health. However, there is scope to standardize and to improve the quality of the research interventions.
A Farewell to Homo Sacer? Sovereign Power and Bare Life in Agamben’s Coronavirus Commentary
Authors: Prozorov Sergei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe article addresses Giorgio Agamben’s critical commentary on the global governance of the Covid-19 pandemic as a paradigm of his political thought. While Agamben’s comments have been criticized as exaggerated and conspiratorial, they arise from the conceptual constellation that he has developed starting from the first volume of his Homo Sacer series. At the centre of this constellation is the relation between the concepts of sovereign power and bare life, whose articulation in the figure of homo sacer Agamben traces from the Antiquity to the present. We shall demonstrate that any such articulation is impossible due to the belonging of these concepts to different planes, respectively empirical and transcendental, which Agamben brings together in a problematic fashion. His account of the sovereign state of exception collapses a plurality of empirical states of exception into a zone of indistinction between different exceptional states and the normal state and then elevates this very indistinction to the transcendental condition of intelligibility of politics as such. Conversely, the notion of bare life, originally posited as the transcendental condition of possibility of positive forms of life, is recast as an empirical figure, whose sole form is the absence of form. We conclude that this problematic articulation should be abandoned for a theory that rather highlights the non-relation between sovereign power and bare life, which conditions the possibility of resistance and transformation that remains obscure in Agamben’s thought.
Deep Learning for Constrained Utility Maximisation
Authors: Davey Ashley , Zheng Harry 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes two algorithms for solving stochastic control problems with deep learning, with a focus on the utility maximisation problem. The first algorithm solves Markovian problems via the Hamilton Jacobi Bellman (HJB) equation. We solve this highly nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) with a second order backward stochastic differential equation (2BSDE) formulation. The convex structure of the problem allows us to describe a dual problem that can either verify the original primal approach or bypass some of the complexity. The second algorithm utilises the full power of the duality method to solve non-Markovian problems, which are often beyond the scope of stochastic control solvers in the existing literature. We solve an adjoint BSDE that satisfies the dual optimality conditions. We apply these algorithms to problems with power, log and non-HARA utilities in the Black-Scholes, the Heston stochastic volatility, and path dependent volatility models. Numerical experiments show highly accurate results with low computational cost, supporting our proposed algorithms.
Perceptions of land managers towards using hybrid and genetically modified trees
Authors: Brennan Andrea N. , Ma Zhao , Jacobs Douglass F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHybridization and genetic modification are potential methods for incorporation of stress tolerance being explored to support some at-risk tree species. However, many concerns, both ecological and economic, have been identified in using these biotechnologies, such as potential for invasiveness or high cost. There is limited information on perceptions towards hybrid and genetically modified (GM) trees, particularly from individuals responsible for widescale tree management. An online survey was administered to land managers in Indiana, USA to gauge perceptions to hybrid and GM trees, and current hybrid tree use. Land managers had stronger concern for ecological, rather than economic, issues, with potential for invasiveness being strongest. Agreement was highest for using the tree types for conservation and restoration of at-risk species and production purposes. However, perceptions varied by characteristics such as concern type, age, and land type managed. Ecological concern and land type managed most strongly predicted hybrid use. Overall, the majority of land managers agreed, rather than disagreed, with a variety of potential hybrid and GM tree advantages and purposes. Thus, results indicate that if these biotechnologies are deemed appropriate for supporting at-risk species, the majority of land managers in Indiana might be agreeable to such recommendations from researchers. However, it was also clear that despite this, most respondents concurrently had strong ecological concerns about suitability as a native species replacement. To address this, it is essential that these tree types be thoroughly vetted, and land managers be actively engaged in the process, as this population would ultimately be responsible for any widescale implementation of hybrid and GM trees.
Ultraviolet screening by slug tissue and tight packing of plastids protect photosynthetic sea slugs from photoinhibition
Authors: Havurinne Vesa , Aitokari Riina , Mattila Heta , Käpylä Ville , Tyystjärvi Esa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOne of the main mysteries regarding photosynthetic sea slugs is how the slug plastids handle photoinhibition, the constant light-induced damage to Photosystem II of photosynthesis. Recovery from photoinhibition involves proteins encoded by both the nuclear and plastid genomes, and slugs with plastids isolated from the algal nucleus are therefore expected to be incapable of constantly repairing the damage as the plastids inside the slugs grow old. We studied photoinhibition-related properties of the sea slug Elysia timida that ingests its plastids from the green alga Acetabularia acetabulum. Spectral analysis of both the slugs and the algae revealed that there are two ways the slugs use to avoid major photoinhibition of their plastids. Firstly, highly photoinhibitory UV radiation is screened by the slug tissue or mucus before it reaches the plastids. Secondly, the slugs pack the plastids tightly in their thick bodies, and therefore plastids in the outer layers protect the inner ones from photoinhibition. Both properties are expected to greatly improve the longevity of the plastids inside the slugs, as the plastids do not need to repair excessive amounts of damage.
“Anything taking shape?” Capturing various layers of small group collaborative problem solving in an experiential geometry course in initial teacher education
Authors: Pöysä-Tarhonen Johanna , Häkkinen Päivi , Tarhonen Pasi , Näykki Piia , Järvelä Sanna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCollaborative problem solving (CPS) is widely recognized as a prominent 21st-century skill to be mastered. Until recently, research on CPS has often focused on problem solution by the individual; the interest in investigating how the theorized problem-solving constructs function as broader social units, such as pairs or small groups, is relatively recent. Capturing the complexity of CPS processes in group-level interaction is challenging. Therefore, a method of analysis capturing various layers of CPS was developed that aimed for a deeper understanding of CPS as a small-group enactment. In the study, small groups of teacher education students worked on two variations of open-ended CPS tasks—a technology-enhanced task and a task using physical objects. The method, relying on video data, encompassed triangulation of analysis methods and combined the following: (a) directed content analysis of the actualized CPS in groups, (b) process analysis and visualizations, and (c) qualitative cases. Content analysis did not show a large variation in how CPS was actualized in the groups or tasks for either case, whereas process analysis revealed both group- and task-related differences in accordance with the interchange of CPS elements. The qualitative cases exemplified the interaction diversity in the quality of coordination and students’ equal participation in groups. It was concluded that combining different methods gives access to various layers of CPS; moreover, it can contribute to a deeper articulation of the CPS as a group-level construct, providing divergent ways to understand CPS in this context.
Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of Inborn Errors of Immunity in a Tertiary Care Center in Southern India
Authors: Lashkari Harsha Prasada , Madkaikar Manisha , Dalvi Aparna , Gupta Maya , Bustamante Jacinta , Sharma Madhubala , Rawat Amit , Bhatia Prateek , Bhat Kamalakshi G. , Rao Sadashiva , Kamath Nutan , Moideen Faheem , Latour Sylvain , Winter Sarah , Bhavani Gandham SriLakshmi , Girisha Katta M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To study the incidence, clinical manifestations, and genetic spectrum of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID)/inborn errors of immunity (IEI) in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of all patients with a clinical suspicion of PID/IEI seen at a tertiary care hospital was performed. All patients had at least one or more warning signs of PID. Serum immunoglobulin levels and other targeted investigations were performed as warranted by the clinical presentation. All families with suspected PID were counseled and offered genetic testing.

Results
A total of 225 children were evaluated for PID during the study period of 6 y. Fifty-six of them did not meet the European Society of Immunodeficiencies (ESID) criteria (working definition of clinical diagnosis) and were excluded. An IEI was found in 30/49 (61.2%) patients. The most frequent reason for referral was recurrent/unusual or serious infections (28%), or cytopenia (16%). Group IV diseases of immune dysregulation was the most common category (19%), followed by group III predominant antibody deficiencies in 23/163 (14%), as per the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) classification.

Conclusions
This study highlights the heterogeneity of the present cohort, the underuse of genetic tests, and efforts to provide optimal care for children with possible IEI in this center.
Initial experience, feasibility and safety of permanent left bundle branch pacing: results from a prospective single-centre study
Authors: Rademakers L. M. , van den Broek J. L. P. M. , Op ’t Hof M. , Bracke F. A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundLeft bundle branch (LBB) pacing is a novel pacing technique which may serve as an alternative to both right ventricular pacing for symptomatic bradycardia and cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT). A substantial amount of data is reported by relatively few, highly experienced centres. This study describes the first experience of LBB pacing in a high-volume device centre.MethodsSuccess rates (i.e. the ability to achieve LBB pacing), electrophysiological parameters and complications at implant and up to 6 months of follow-up were prospectively assessed in 100 consecutive patients referred for various pacing indications.ResultsThe mean age was 71 ± 11 years and 65% were male. Primary pacing indication was atrioventricular (AV) block in 40%, CRT in 42%, and sinus node dysfunction or refractory atrial fibrillation prior to AV node ablation in 9% each. Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction was < 50% in 57% of patients, mean baseline QRS duration 145 ± 34 ms. Overall LBB pacing was successful in 83 of 100 (83%) patients but tended to be lower in patients with CRT pacing indication (69%,p = ns). Mean left ventricular activation time (LVAT) during LBB pacing was 81 ms and paced QRS duration was 120 ± 19 ms. LBB capture threshold and R‑wave sense at implant was 0.74 ± 0.4 mV at 0.4 ms and 11.9 ± 5.9 V and remained stable at 6‑month follow-up. No complications occurred during implant or follow-up.ConclusionLBB pacing for bradycardia pacing and resynchronisation therapy can be easily adopted by experienced implanters, with favourable success rates and safety profile.
Agricultural seasonality, market access, and food security in Sierra Leone
Authors: Bonuedi Isaac , Kornher Lukas , Gerber Nicolas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSeasonal variations in agriculture is a major contributor to undernutrition in many agrarian economies. While recent studies have highlighted the role of markets in improving nutrition, the relative importance of markets in smoothing food consumption across seasons remains largely unexamined. Using data from Sierra Leone, this paper analyses whether access to local food markets mitigates seasonal fluctuations in household dietary diversity and food security. Our results confirm that agricultural seasonality imposes significant fluctuations on household dietary diversity and food security. Households, especially those in rural areas, are found to experience significant deteriorations in dietary diversity and food security during the lean season. Most importantly, the results also show that households with better market access consume more diverse diets and are more food secure in both lean and non-lean seasons than remoter households. An important policy implication of these results is that market-based interventions aimed at strengthening market access through improved market infrastructure and roads can significantly contribute to year-long food consumption smoothing, improved dietary diversity and overall food and nutrition security.
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin: a visionary in controversy
Authors: Vidal Clément 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTeilhard de Chardin developed an evolutionary vision of our planetary future, currently developing from a sphere of life, orbiospheretowards a sphere of mind, ornoosphere. As a visionary, Teilhard was not only on the brink of formulating the internet, but he also anticipated current academic efforts to understand globalization, as well as human, cultural and technological evolution. However, his ideas are sources of enduring controversies in both scientific and theological circles. Here I uncover some of the core reasons why his ways of thinking and writing are often problematic, and propose a way forward. This note aims to introduce Teilhard’s central article about the noosphere (The Formation of the Noosphere, 1947), but can also be read as an independent introduction to Teilhard’s system of thought. A detailed exegesis of Teilhard’s article is available as a supplementary document.
Structural Stability of Sandvik 3R60™ After 240 131 Hours Ageing and Creep Test at 700 °C
Authors: Öhlin Oscar , Chai Guocai , Siriki Raveendra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSandvik 3R60™ is an AISI 316/316L type of stainless steel. In this paper, the structural stability of the material under long-term ageing or creep test has been studied. The material had been creep tested with a stress of 45 MPa at 700 °C. The predicted rupture time for the creep specimen was about 100,000 h; however, the specimen broke first after 240,131 h. The oxidation behavior and structural stability in both aged and creep-tested samples were studied using SEM/EDS, EBSD and ECCI techniques. Thin oxide layers near the sample surface are mainly spinel oxides and eskolaite (Cr2O3). Sigma phase, χ-phase, Eta phase, M23C6 and Cr2N have been observed in the matrix of the samples. In the crept sample, the amount of sigma phase has increased, so has Eta phase and χ-phase as well. Thermo-Calc evaluation can reasonably predict precipitation of sigma phase, Eta phase and M23C6, but not χ-phase and Cr2N phases. Creep crack initiation behavior has been studied. It is mainly noticed to start at surface oxide layer or coarse sigma particles at grain boundary or triple point. Additionally, it is also observed that the presence of a thin Cr2O3 layer between the oxide and matrix along with discontinuous sigma phase distribution at grain boundary that will reduce the risk for creep crack initiation. Further, the crack propagation behavior has also been discussed.
Ion mobility spectrometry-tandem mass spectrometry strategies for the on-line monitoring of a continuous microflow reaction
Authors: Hadavi Darya , Han Peiliang , Honing Maarten 
Published: November 2021

AbstractContinuous flow chemistry is an efficient, sustainable and green approach for chemical synthesis that surpasses some of the limitations of the traditional batch chemistry. Along with the multiple advantages of a flow reactor, it could be directly connected to the analytical techniques for on-line monitoring of a chemical reaction and ensure the quality by design. Here, we aim to use ion mobility, mass and tandem mass spectrometry (IMS-MS and MS/MS) for the on-line analysis of a pharmaceutically relevant chemical reaction. We carried out a model hetero-Diels Alder reaction in a microflow reactor directly connected to the IMS-MS and MS/MS using either electrospray or atmospheric pressure photo ionization methods. We were able to monitor the reaction mechanism of the Diels Alder reaction and structurally characterize the reaction product and synthesis side-products. The chosen approach enabled identification of two isomers of the main reaction product. A new strategy to annotate the ion mobility spectrum in the absence of standard molecules was introduced and tested for its validity. This was achieved by determining the survival yield of each isomer upon ion mobility separation and density functional theory calculations. This approach was verified by comparing the theoretically driven collision cross section values to the experimental data. In this paper, we demonstrated the potential of combined IMS-MS and MS/MS on-line analysis platform to investigate, monitor and characterize structural isomers in the millisecond time scale.
Computational analyses of tail fin configurations for a sounding rocket
Authors: Sankalp S. Sai , Sharma Vansh , Singh Abhyudaya , Salian Aneesh Surendra , Srinivas G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMissiles and sounding rockets usually deviate from the trajectory due to unstable roll. Fins with cant angles are generally used to provide a rolling moment in sounding rockets and missiles to minimize the instability. Inducing a rolling moment also leads to an increase in the rocket motor’s power consumption due to the rise in drag, so inducing an optimal rolling moment with a minimal increase in drag is a crucial design criterion. It is crucial to maintain the similarity parameters while testing a scaled-down model in a wind tunnel. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is more efficient than extensive wind tunnel tests. In this paper, three-dimensional, incompressible simulations were performed on different models of sounding rockets using commercial CFD package fluent. The simulations were performed with the help of $$k-\epsilon $$

k
-
ϵ

standard turbulence model. The results obtained were tabulated and graphically represented, and the trends of aerodynamic coefficients like $$C_{\text {d}}$$

C
d

and $$C_{\text {m}}$$

C
m

were analyzed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dependency of aerodynamic coefficients on different fin configurations with emphasis on the cant angle. This study will be helpful to researchers designing a sounding rocket and help in maximizing apogee. The experimental and computational results show a favourable comparison. The results will show a particular configuration of fin having greater $$C_{\text {m}}/C_{\text {d}}$$

C
m

/

C
d

which yields in a greater rolling moment and least amount of drag.
Institutional Roles and Goals for Retrospective Regulatory Analysis
Authors: Bennear Lori S. , Wiener Jonathan B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDespite repeated calls for retrospective regulatory review by every President since the 1970s, progress on implementing such reviews has been slow. We argue that part of the explanation for the slow progress to date stems from misalignment between the goals of regulatory review and the institutional framework used for the review. We define three distinct goals of regulatory review – the rule relevance goal, the rule improvement goal, and the regulatory learning goal. We then examine the text of the Presidential Executive Orders and major Congressional legislation addressing retrospective review, and document which goals were targeted and which institutions were used to conduct the reviews. We find that the U.S. federal government has almost always sought review of one rule at a time, conducted by the agency that issued or promulgated the rule and that these reviews tend to focus on rule relevance and costs. This institutional framework for retrospective review – one rule, assessed by the promulgating agency, focused on relevance and cost – is only well-suited to a narrow interpretation of the rule improvement goal. We then review alternative institutional structures that could better meet the rule improvement goal and the broader regulatory learning goal across multiple rules and agencies, and we offer recommendations for developing new guidance and institutions to promote multiagency regulatory learning.
DLX6-AS1: a putative lncRNA candidate in multiple human cancers
Authors: Sheykhhasan Mohsen , Ahmadyousefi Yaghoub , Seyedebrahimi Reihaneh , Tanzadehpanah Hamid , Manoochehri Hamed , Dama Paola , Hosseini Nashmin Fayazi , Akbari Mohammad , Eslami Farsani Mohsen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in regulating the expression of genes and act as biomarkers in the initial development of different cancers. Increasing research studies have verified that dysregulation of lncRNAs occurs in various pathological processes including tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Among the different lncRNAs, DLX6-AS1 has been reported to act as an oncogene in the development and prognoses of different cancers, by affecting many different signalling pathways. This review summarises and analyses the recent research studies describing the biological functions of DLX6-AS1, its overall effect on signalling pathways and the molecular mechanisms underlying its action on the expression of genes in multiple human cancers. Our critical analysis suggests that different signalling pathways associated to this lncRNA may be used as a biomarker for diagnosis, or targets of treatment in cancers.