bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Characterization of Two Ecologically Distinct Gangetic Oxbow Lakes Using Zooplankton Taxonomic Indices In Ecological Monitoring: A Comparative Approach
Authors: Kumari Suman , Lianthuamluaia  , Sarkar U. K. , Mishal P. , Karnatak G. , Meena D. K. , Sandhya K. M. , Hassan M. A. , Jaiswar A. K. , Sharma A. P. , Das B. K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In recent years closed and seasonally open oxbow lakes and river floodplains are subjected to eutrophication due to disconnection from river that compromises the hydro-ecological functions. This requires systematic studies to assess the ecological health of the water bodies using different indices and suggest appropriate strategies to manage the resources. The zooplanktons are closely link with surrounding environment throughout their life cycles and change rapidly in their growth and population when changes occurs in the surrounding, hence act as potential indicator of eutrophication. The present study examined the assemblage pattern of zooplankton community and trophic state of two ecologically distinct oxbow lakes based on eco-hydrological characteristics and community structure of rotifers and planktonic crustaceans seasonally over a period of 2 years. Comprehensive trophic state index (mTSI), rotifer trophic state index (mTSIROT) and Crustacean based indices (TSICR) were used to assess the degree of eutrophication. The Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed the heterogeneity of the eco-hydrological factors between the oxbow lakes. A total of 68 zooplankton species were identified of which rotifers (69%), cladocerans (18%), copepods (3%), ostacods (3%) and protozoans (7%). Seasonal fluctuation of relative abundance and frequency of species in both lakes have been well presented. Both lakes showed transition from high meso-eutrophic to moderately eutrophic state with mTSI, mTSIrot and mTSIcr values of 54.90±11.71 and 56.95±15.64, 59.55±4.54 and 60.26±4.48, 55.79±4.76 and 60.00±4.03 in Khalsi (seasonally open) and Akaipur (closed) respectively. The Canonical Correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed water quality parameters comparison NO3-N, water temperature and pH have contributed more in enhancement of abundance of eutrophication indicator species Brachionus and Keratella. The TSIs values indicated a prompt aquaculture fisheries management measures like stocking of planktivorous fish (Labeo catla and Puntius sp.) for both the lakes before they reach in plunged state at which their restoration might become a challenge. An overview of worldwide use of rotifer and crustacean based indices in assessment of TSI has also been synthesized. The use of these zooplankton indices to evaluate the trophic status of the ecologically distinct lakes is highly recommended for water quality assessment and management. Based on this study strategies could be developed to plan and manage floodplain oxbow lakes for fisheries enhancement programme as well as as conservation of biodiversity.
Incorporating Remote Sensing Techniques To The DRASTIC Index To Assess Groundwater Vulnerability In The Mining Area of the Rio Sonora Aquifer in Northwestern Mexico
Authors: Archundia DENISSE , Vidaña-Guillen Victor , Valenzuela-Munguia Juan , Freaner Francisco elizandro Molina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Groundwater metal pollution is a major concern for societies, especially in areas where the mining industry is important. Index-based techniques, as the DRASTIC index, are often used to assess the intrinsic groundwater vulnerability and could be modified to evaluate the aquifer vulnerability to specific contaminants. Mines, mining wastes and related features are detectable with remote sensing techniques. In this work we evaluate the vulnerability of the Rio Sonora Aquifer to metallic pollution by the traditional DRASTIC method and by the addition of a land use (Lu) parameter in which possible sources of metals (detected by remote sensing) were considered (DRASTIC+Lu). The methodology allowed us to locate possible sources of metallic contamination. The Sonora River channel showed the higher vulnerability in both calculated vulnerability indices (DRASTIC and DRASTIC+Lu). Generally, the addition of the land use parameter caused a decrease in vulnerability but also a local increase where possible sources of metals were found. Thus, the modified method facilitated the identification of highly vulnerable areas which is relevant to better protect the studied aquifer.
Electron Transfer based Ultra-bright Organic Afterglow Nanoprobe for Accurate Molecular Imaging in Mice
Authors: Wang Youjuan , Guo Jing , Liao Shiyi , Xu Li , Chen Qian , Song Guosheng , Zhang Xiaobing , Tan Weihong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Afterglow luminescence can greatly improve the signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of molecule imaging in living animal owing to the no need of real-time light excitation. However, the relatively low luminescence of afterglow nanoprobe and attenuation of maximum intensity (afterglow photobleaching) usually lead to the insufficient sensitivity and the inaccurate quantification for repeated molecular imaging. Furthermore, the requirement of high power of light excitation (up to 1 W/cm2) may result in the inevitable phototoxicity, and the long acquisition time (up to 1 min) make it difficult to detect the rapid biological events. Herein, we design electron-rich trianthracene derivatives (TA)-based organic afterglow nanoparticles (TA-NPs) for high-sensitive, safe, lossless and longitudinal molecular imaging. Notably, a great enhancement of afterglow luminescence performance over the previous reported afterglow nanoparticles is achieved though electron transfer engineering (Table 1): Specifically, TA-NPs can be excited by room light with ultra-low power (58 µW/cm2) and with ultra-short acquisition time (0.01 s). The luminescent intensity of TA-NPs is ~ 500-fold of commonly used organic MEHPPV-based nanoparticles. Negligible afterglow photobleaching in mice is observed even after re-excitation for more than 15 cycles. Such ultra-bright afterglow enables the deep-tissue imaging (up to 6.0 cm) and the ultra-fast afterglow imaging of freely-moving mice in waken state. Moreover, TA-NPs can dynamically and accurately visualize subcutaneous tumor, orthotopic glioma and distinguish the plaque in carotid atherosclerosis. Finally, we develop an afterglow nanoprobe (TA-BHQ), activated only in the presence of Granzyme B, for tracking the time-sensitive Granzyme B activity as a direct way to monitor immunotherapeutic responses.
Analysis of Material Susceptibility in Silicon on Insulator Waveguides With Combined Simulation of Four-Wave Mixing and Linear Mode Coupling
Authors: Höfler Ulrike , Kernetzky Tasnad , Hanik Norbert 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We derive propagation equations modeling third-order susceptibility-induced nonlinear interaction and linear mode coupling in waveguides. We model material susceptibility with Raman and electronic response which include approximations suited for optical communications. We validate our model by comparing numerical integration of the propagation equations to continuous wave measurements of a silicon on insulator waveguide.
Ground Penetrating Radar for Belowground Phenotyping of High-biomass Grasses for Soil Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Wolfe Matthew , Huo Da , Ruiz-Guzman Henry , Teare Brody , Adams Tyler , Dobreva Iliyana , Everett Mark , Bishop Michael , Jessup Russell , Hays Dirk 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
AimsMany governments and companies have committed to moving to net-zero emissions by 2030 or 2050 to tackle climate change, which require the development of new carbon capture and sequestration/storage (CCS) techniques. A proposed method of sequestration is to deposit carbon in soils as plant matter including root mass and root exudates. Adding perennial traits such as rhizomes to crops as part of a sequestration strategy would result in annual crop regrowth from rhizome meristems rather than requiring replanting from seeds which would in turn encourage no-till agricultural practices. Integrating these traits into productive agriculture requires a belowground phenotyping method compatible with high throughput breeding and selection methods (i.e., is rapid, inexpensive, reliable, and non-invasive), however none currently exist. MethodsGround penetrating radar (GPR) is a non-invasive subsurface sensing technology that shows potential as a phenotyping technique. In this study, a prototype GPR antenna array was used to scan roots of the perennial sorghum hybrid, PSH09TX15. A-scan level time-domain analyses and B-scan level time/frequency analyses using the continuous wavelet transform were utilized to extract features of interest from the acquired radargrams. ResultsOf six A-scan diagnostic indices examined, the standard deviation of signal amplitude correlated most significantly with belowground biomass. Time frequency analysis using the continuous wavelet transform yielded high correlations of B-scan features with belowground biomass. ConclusionThese results demonstrate that continued refinement of GPR data analysis workflows should yield a highly applicable phenotyping tool for breeding efforts in environments where selection is otherwise impractical on a large scale.
Immediate Postoperative Parenteral Anticoagulant in the Patients with Mesenteric Infarction After Intestine Resection – A Retrospective Cohort Research in a Single Institute
Authors: Liu Hsiao-Tien , Lai Chia-Yu , Liao Jian-Jhou , Chen Yi-Ju , Cheng Shao-Bin , Wu Cheng-Chung 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Bowel gangrene represents a major fatal event in acute mesenteric infarction. Intestinal resection is inevitable in patients with peritonitis and bowel gangrene. This retrospective study aimed to elucidate the benefit of postoperative parenteral anticoagulant in patients with intestinal resection. Methods: Patients with acute mesenteric infarction and bowel gangrene were recruited retrospectively between January 2007 and December 2019. All patients underwent bowel resection. They were categorized into two groups: patients without immediate enoxaparin (group A) and those with immediate enoxaparin (group B). Both 30-day and 90-day mortalities were analyzed.Results: A total of 85 patients were included, with 29 patients in group A and 56 patients in group B. Patients in group B had both lower 30-day mortality (16.1%) and 90-day mortality (37.5%), compared to patients in group A (30-day mortality: 51.7%, p=0.001; 90-day mortality: 65.5%, p=0.021). In the 30-day mortality multivariate analysis, patients in group B had a better outcome (odds ratio = 0.087, 95% confidence interval between 0.017 and 0.446, p = 0.003). In the 90-day mortality multivariate analysis, patients in group B also had a better outcome (odds ratio = 0.252, 95% confidence interval between 0.065 and 0.983, p = 0.047).Conclusion: Immediate postoperative parenteral anticoagulant improves short-term prognosis in patients with acute mesenteric infarction and intestinal resection.Trial registration: This research was retrospectively approved by Institutional Review Board (IRB) I&II of Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH-IRB No.CE21256B) on July 28th, 2021. Informed consent waiver was also approved by IRB I&II of Taichung Veterans General Hospital. Declaration of Helsinki and ICH-GCP guidelines were followed during this study.
Sonic Hedgehog Improved Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Attenuated The Development of Atherosclerosis In Mice
Authors: Yu Huizhen , Huang Huashan , Xue Yan , Lin Lichao , Zeng Wenfei , Zhu Pengli 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh), an evolutionally-highly conserved morphological factor whose maturation, transportation and function were closely related to cholesterol. Shh played an important role in maintaining adult coronary vasculature homeostasis. It not only induced angiogenesis to improve myocardial infarction but also inhibited ox-LDL induced endothelial apoptosis. However, the role of Shh in endothelial cell injury have not been fully elucidated. Here, we shown Shh induced nitric oxide (NO) release and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) synthesis, which improved endothelial cell dysfunction and inhibited atherosclerotic plaque. In vivo, Shh reduced the plaque lesion in high fat diet (HFD) induced ApoE-/- mice. In endothelial cell, Shh improved NO and eNOS mRNA expression and inhibited intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) mRNA expression. In contrast, knockdown of Shh inhibited eNOS and NO level and induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. In conclusion, we found that Shh has anti-inflammation and improved endothelial cell injury consequently attenuated the development of atherosclerosis.
Research on Particle Collision Forward Search Algorithm and the CFD-DEM Variable Time Step Coupling Calculation Method
Authors: Wang Xuefei , Wang Suling , Wang Ming , Li Xuemei , Chi Lin , Sun Dandan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In CFD-DEM coupling calculations, an excessively large selection for particle calculation time step affects the calculation accuracy, and an extremely small selection affects the calculation efficiency. A search ball is constructed by taking each target particle as the center particle with the fastest displacement in the calculation domain. Subsequently, the particles that may collide are screened to establish a search list, and a forward search method is used to determine particle collisions. Finally, a particle calculation time step is proposed. The improved DEM method, which automatically adjusts the collision time, resolves the contradiction between particle calculation time step selection, accuracy, and efficiency. The relative error between the numerical simulation results of particle collision and the theoretical solution was less than 3%. The three calculation time steps selected in this study can guarantee excellent calculation accuracy and efficiency. For multi-particle and fluid coupling simulations, the traditional CFD-DEM method selects 10-7s or less in the calculation time step to obtain an accurate solution. The method proposed in this paper selects 10-5s to obtain an accurate solution, which increased the calculation efficiency by 19.8%.
Statistical Analysis of Avian Reproduction Studies
Authors: Green John W , Foudoulakis Manousos , Fredricks Timothy , Carro Tiffany , Maul Jonathan , Plautz Stephanie , Valverde Pablo , Schapaugh Adam , Sopko Xiaoyi , Gao Zhenglei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Avian reproduction studies for regulatory risk assessment are undergoing review by regulatory authorities, often leading to requests for statistical re-analysis of older studies using newer methods, sometimes with older study data that do not support these newer methods. We propose detailed statistical protocols with updated statistical methodology for use with both new and older studies and recommend improvements in experimental study design to set-up future studies for robust statistical analyses. There is increased regulatory and industry attention to the potential use of benchmark dose (BMD) methodology to derive the point of departure in avian reproduction studies, to be used as the endpoint in regulatory risk assessment. We present benefits and limitations of this BMD approach for older studies being re-evaluated and for new studies designed for with BMD analysis anticipated. Model averaging is recommended as preferable to model selection for BMD analysis. Even for a new study following the modified experimental design analyses with BMD methodology will only be possible for a restricted set of response variables. The judicious use of historical control data, identification of outlier data points, increased use of distributions more consistent with the nature of the data collected as opposed to forcing normality-based methods, and trend-based hypothesis tests are shown to be effective for many studies, but limitations on their applicability are also recognized and explained. Updated statistical methodologies are illustrated with case studies conducted under existing regulatory guidelines that have been submitted for product registrations. Through the adoption of improved avian reproduction study design elements combined with the suggested revised statistical methodologies the conduct, analyses, and utility of avian reproduction studies for avian risk assessments can be improved.
Simultaneous biodegradation of dimethyl sulfide and 1-propanethiol by Pseudomonas putida S-1 and Alcaligenes sp. SY1: “Lag” cause, reduction and kinetics exploration
Authors: Li Qian , Tang Zeqin , Zhang Jiahui , Hu Jingtao , Chen Jianmeng , Chen DongZhi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Simultaneous biodegradation of malodorous 1-propanethiol (PT) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) inoculated with Pseudomonas putida S-1 and Alcaligenes sp. SY1 were investigated and interactions implicated were explored. Results showed that PT was completely degraded in 33 h, while a lag of 10 h was observed for DMS degradation alone, and the lag even extended to 81 h in the binary mixture. Mechanism analysis found that the lag was mainly attributed to the exposure of DMS degrader (Alcaligenes sp. SY1), rather than PT metabolites and PT degrader. The exposure time and PT concentration influenced the lag duration much. Citric acid could effectively reduce the lag. Pseudo first-order model was proved suitable for the description of PT degradation, revealing that PT degradation could be enhanced in presence of DMS regardless of its concentration. A modified Gompertz model, incorporated the lag phase, was developed for the description of DMS degradation in the mixture, revealing that DMS degradation depended on the initial PT concentration. When the lag was not considered, PT with low-concentration could promote DMS biodegradation, while a higher concentration (＞20 mg·L−1) cast negative effect.
Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of an Industrial Azo Dye Using Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals
Authors: Mohamed Naim Bel Haj , Ouni Sabri , Bouzid Mohamed , Bouzidi Mohamed , Bonilla-Petricioletd Adrian , Haouari Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, mercaptosuccinic acid capped CdSe nanocrystals was successfully synthesized by in-situ medium colloid and used as photocatalyst for the effective photodegradation of methylene blue from aqueous solution under visible light and sunlight irradiations.The particle size and the crystal structure of these nanocrystals were analyzed by different analytical techniques. Dye adsorption prior to photocatalysis using these nanomaterials was studied via the experimental quantification of kinetics and isotherms. These experimental data were modeled including the application of statistical physics theory to analyze the corresponding adsorption mechanism. A maximum adsorption capacity of 27.1 mg/g (80% dye removal) was observed in 10 min using an initial concentration of 30 mg/L. Statistical physics calculations indicated that the adsorption energy was lower than 40 kJ/mol. Itwas also established that the dye adsorption was associated to the electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Overall, the dye removal was a spontaneous, feasible process and exothermic. Adsorption properties of CdSe-MSA nanocrystals improved the dye photodegradation efficiency under visible light thus achieving up to 80% degradation in 60 min. The synergic effect of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation performance was mainly due to the surface area, small size (3.7 nm) and structural defects (selenium vacancies Se, interstitial of cadmium ICd), which enhanced the response of these nanomaterials inside the visible range for the photocatalytic activity. In summary, these nanocrystals are promising materials to be used in wastewater treatment under sun light for the removal of organic compounds like dyes.
Direct visualization of edge state in even-layer MnBi2Te4 at zero magnetic field
Authors: Lin Weiyan , Feng Yang , Wang Yongchao , Lian Zichen , Li Hao , Wu Yang , Liu Chang , Wang Yihua , Zhang Jinsong , Wang Yayu , Chen Chui-Zhen , Zhou Xiaodong , Shen Jian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Being the first intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AFM) topological insulator, MnBi2Te4 is argued to be a topological axion state in its even-layer form due to the antiparallel magnetization between the top and bottom layers. Here we combine both transport and scanning microwave impedance microscopy (sMIM) to investigate such axion state in atomically thin MnBi2Te4 with even-layer thickness at zero magnetic field. While transport measurements show a zero Hall plateau signaturing the axion state, sMIM uncovers an unexpected edge state raising questions regarding the nature of the “axion state”. Based on our model calculation, we propose that the even-layer MnBi2Te4 at zero field is in an AFM quantum spin Hall (QSH) state hosting a pair of helical edge states. Such novel AFM QSH is originated from the combination of half translation symmetry and time-reversal symmetry in MnBi2Te4. Our finding thus signifies the richness of topological phases in MnB2Te4 that has yet to be fully explored.
Three-dimensional Spatial Localization Based on Binocular Vsion
Authors: Zang Lan , Zhang Kun , Tian Chuan , Shen Chong , Aslam Bhatti Uzair , Huang Ju 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of low accuracy and unstable system performance existing in binocular vision alone, this paper proposes a threedimensional space recognition and positioning algorithm based on binocular stereo vision and deep learning algorithms. First, a binocular camera for Zhang Zhengyou calibrated by several adjustments, calibration error will eventually set at 0.10pixels best, select and SAD in block matching algorithm in the algorithm, the matching point of the search range reduction, mitigation data for subsequent experiments burden. Then input the three-dimensional spatial data calculated by using the binocular ”parallax” principle into the Faster R-CNN model for data training, extract and classify the target features, and finally realize real-time detection of the target object and its position coordinate information. The analysis of experimental data shows that when the best calibration error is selected and the number of data training is sufficient, the algorithm in this paper can effectively improve the quality of target detection. The positioning accuracy and target recognition rate are increased by about 3%-5%, and it can achieve faster fps.
Cell Wall Pore Structures of Bamboo as Relation to Species and Tissue Types
Authors: Cao Mengdan , Ren Wenting , Zhu Jiawei , Wang Hankun , Guo Juan , Zhang Xuexia , Yu Yan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Efficient convention of bamboo biomass into biofuel and biomaterials, as well as chemical treatment are both highly related to the porosity of cell wall. The present work characterizes the micropore and mesopore structure in cell walls of six different bamboo species and tissue types using CO2 and N2 adsorption. Two plantation wood species were also tested for comparison. Bamboo species normally showed lower cell wall porosity (2.64%-3.75%) than wood species (3.98%-5.06%), indicating a more compact structure for bamboo than wood. A distinct species dependence of cell wall pore structures and porosity was also observed. Furthermore, the cell wall pore structure and porosity are shown to be tissue-specific, as the parenchyma cells exhibit higher pore volume and porosity compared to bamboo fibers. The obtained results give new explanations on the known facts that both bamboo and bamboo fibers exhibit higher biomass recalcitrance as compared to wood and bamboo parenchyma cells, constructing the base of pretreatment optimization and subsequent processing for bamboo-derived biofuels and biomaterials.