bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’Extraction du sable au Maroc, de la ressource au produit
Authors: Driffort Duncan 
Published: May 2021

Selon un rapport de 2017 de l’Organisation des Nations Unies, le sable est la deuxième ressource la plus consommée dans le monde après l’eau, dont plus de la moitié de l’extraction concerne le domaine de la construction. Dans ce contexte, cet article propose une étude des pratiques d’extraction incontrôlées du sable au Maroc, à partir de deux enquêtes de terrain réalisées à l’automne 2019. Pour ce faire, le sable est abordé à travers deux entrées d’analyse : d’une part, comme élément constitutif du paysage dunaire considéré comme un bien public, et, d’autre part, comme produit commercialisé pour la constitution du béton armé. Dans cette optique, cette recherche aborde dans un premier temps l’altération du littoral par la construction de bâti à Mohammédia, pour ensuite analyser les conséquences relatives à l’extraction du sable. Dans un contexte où l’architecture est de plus en plus envisagée à travers un prisme environnemental, l’article cherche à comprendre dans quelle mesure notre relation aux ressources impacte le territoire entendu comme un bien public.
Evaluation of quality of life and associated factors among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in North West region of Cameroon
Authors: N Busi Anissette , Nsoh Marius , O Otieno Moses , A Ndeso Sylvester , E Halle-Ekane Gregory 
Published: May 2021

Background: There is evidence that Quality of Life (QoL) of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) has a significant role in ART retention, treatment adherence, and survival. As a result, QoL is becoming increasingly important for policy- makers, program implementers, and researchers. However, factors associated with QoL, in a culturally diverse country like Cameroon are unknown.
Objective: We aimed to assess the QoL of PLHIV on ART and assess the extent to which physical, psychosocial, environ- mental, and spiritual factors drive QoL.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 394 PLHIV aged >21 in North-West Cameroon from April to July 2019. Data were collected using WHO-QOL BREF questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed.
Results: Majority (34.5%) of participants were in the age range of 41-50, with 73% females. The average QoL of the re- spondents was “good” with mean score of 3.57 on 5 and 71.4% agreed to have satisfactory QoL. Bivariate regression anal- yses revealed that all six proposed predictors were significantly associated with QoL. Psychological factors made the greatest impact (β = 0.213; p<0.003), followed by physical factors (β = 0.19; p<0.001).
Conclusion: PLHIV fairly agreed to have good QoL. The QoL was driven by mainly psychological and physical factors and not level of independence. However, the mean score perceptions for the investigated domains were low. Mental health ser- vices should consider these predictors when designing strategies to improve the QoL of PLHIV. While this study provides useful insights, other possible drivers of QoL among PLHIV should be investigated.
Keywords: Quality of life and associated factors; HIV patients; antiretroviral therapy; Cameroon.
Short report: knowledge and perceptions of health workers that strengthen adherence for paediatric and adolescent clients on the intensive adherence counselling program in Kampala, Uganda. A qualitative study
Authors: Nasuuna Esther , Kigozi Joanita , Muganzi Alex , Sewankambo Nelson , Nakanjako Damalie 
Published: May 2021

Background: Health care workers (HWs) support HIV positive children and adolescents with detectable HIV viral loads on the intensive adherence counselling (IAC) program to achieve viral suppression through individual adherence counselling. Low re-suppression rates of 23% showed low program effectiveness in fifteen public health facilities.
Objectives: We set out to determine the knowledge and perceptions of HWs that support this program to improve its effectiveness.
Methods: We conducted a qualitative study where five HWs that oversee clinical care for children on ART were interviewed about the program. Data on their knowledge of the program, and perceptions on why it was not effective was collected. Thematic analysis using the inductive approach was used. Transcripts were read, coded and emergent themes determined.
Results: Five HWs participated and all were knowledgeable about the program. Two themes emerged as barriers to IAC program effectiveness, patient factors and health system factors. Patient factors were failure to attend appointments, failure to change adherence practices, and lack of consent. Health system factors were work overload, delay in getting results and drug stock outs.
Conclusion: HWs are knowledgeable about the IAC program and client specific barriers should be addressed to improve viral suppression for children.
Keywords: Intensive adherence counselling; health care worker barriers.
Safe birth matters: facilitators and barriers to uptake of the WHO safe childbirth checklist tool in a Tanzania Regional Hospital
Authors: Thomas Joycelyn , Voss Joachim , Tarimo Edith 
Published: May 2021

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Safe Birth Checklist (SCC) to facilitate best practices in safe birthing practices. The SCC is utilizing existing evidence-based WHO guidelines and recommendations which has combined those into a single and practical bedside tool. The SCC is the first checklist-based intervention to target the pre- vention of maternal and neonatal deaths.
Objective: The objective of this project was to pilot-test the World Health Organization Safe Childbirth Checklist with Maternity Regional Hospital in, Tanzania.
Study Design and Methods: Retrospective analysis on 35 charts were completed to identify presence or absence of docu- mentation aligned with evidenced based checklist items. Staff training, end user observations and focus group discussions were utilized to elicit feedback about the tool and the process. Descriptive statistics and manual content analysis were used to analyze the rate of uptake and ownership over the checklist. The Checklist is broken down into four sections or time points (that are considered natural pause points in the care of laboring women). The four different pause points are admission, delivery, post-partum, and discharge.
Results: We trained 26 participants out of 32 staff how to use the SCC. Delivery time point had the lowest at SCC comple- tion rate at 39% compared to discharge having the highest completion rate at 93%. There was variation in completion rate of the checklist items at each time point. Checklist items at the beginning of each time point were completed between 94% and 100% of the time with the latter checklist list items completed between 29% and 57% of the time.
Conclusion: This project was able to identify facilitators and potential barriers to the successful uptake of the Safe Child- birth Checklist in Shinyanga Regional Hospital. Based on these findings, the MOH have opportunities to utilize those find- ings in the scale-up of the implementation of the checklist and future evaluation activities.
Keywords: Safe birth matters; WHO safe childbirth checklist tool; Tanzania Regional Hospital.
Utilization of E-Learning Resources among Tertiary Students in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Lukmon Adeola Kiadese 
Published: May 2021

This study investigated assessment of e-learning resources utilization by students of tertiary institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study was conducted using a descriptive survey design. Three hundred and eighty-one (381) tertiary students in the area were randomly selected for the study. A researcher-designed questionnaire titled “Utilization of E-learning Resources Questionnaire” (UERQ) with a Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.76 was used to collect data. Frequency counts, percentages, means, t-test and ANOVA statistics were used to analyse the data. The findings were that there is a significant difference in utilization of e-learning resources based on class and institutions. However, there is no significant difference based on gender and age. It is recommended that tertiary institutions re-design their general studies curriculum to include e-learning skills so as to help students to understand how they can utilize e-learning resources.
THE INFLUENCE OF ISLAMIC LEADERSHIP AND ISLAMIC WORK ETHICS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN RIAU PROVINCE MEDIATED BY ISLAMIC ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Authors: Hamzah Zulfadli , Basri Yuswar Zainal , . Zulhelmy 
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of Islamic leadership and Islamic work ethics on employee performance of Islamic banks in Riau province, whereby Islamic organizational culture became the mediator variable. This research employs the Structure Equation Model (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) with the help of SmartPLS 3.0 M3 software. The data were collected by using a questionnaire from 275 respondents. The respondent in this research was an employee of Islamic banks in Riau Province. The result showed that Islamic leadership, Islamic work ethics, and Islamic organizational culture positively and significantly influence on employee performance of Islamic banks in Riau province. On another side, the Islamic leadership mediated by Islamic organizational culture does not significantly influence on employee performance of Islamic Banks in Riau Provence. The finding of this research suggests that to enhance the role of Islamic leadership to create Islamic organization culture and Islamic work ethics increasingly would be an effect on employee performance of Islamic Bank in Riau province.
JEL Classification Codes : M1, G21, M540.
«Видеть туман внутреннего пространства»: поэтика материи и повествования в фильме Ёжик в тумане Юрия Норштейна
Authors: Lécole Solnychkine Sophie 
Published: May 2021

we could define the cinema of Yuri Norstein as characterized by the change of status in the forms and textures materializing on the screen the elements of the story. According to these transformations, the narration – understood in the classical sense – seems to split in its films: it then designates not only the sequence of actions that compose the story of the film, but also the history of the successive plastic alterations constitutingthe flesh of the image and building photogram after photogram what one could describe as scenario-matter (by distinction of the scenario-narration).
Le cinéma de Youri Norstein se caractérise par le changement d’état des formes et des textures qui composent, en les matérialisant, les éléments du récit. Au gré de ces transformations, la narration, entendue au sens classique du terme, semble dans ses films se dédoubler : elle désigne alors non seulement le déroulé des actions qui composent le récit du film, mais aussi l’histoire des altérations plastiques successives qui constituent la chair de l’image et qui construisent, photogramme après photogramme, ce que l’on pourrait qualifier de scénario matière (par distinction du scénario récit).
aнимационное кино Юрия Норштейна мы могли бы определить через характерное для него изменение статуса форм и фактур, в которыхматериализуются на экране элементы повествования. Согласно этим трансформациям, рассказ – понимаемый в классическом смысле слова – претерпевает расщепление: он не только означает череду действий, которые составляют повествовательную канву фильма, но также и историю последовательных пластических изменений, создающих плоть образа и складывающих одну за другой теневые картины-фотограмы; что можно было бы назвать сценарием-материей (в отличие от сценарием-повествованием).
Andrei Khrzhanovskii’s The Glass Harmonica (1968). Dissent in new forms.
Authors: Pontieri Laura , Mélat Hélène 
Published: May 2021

Andrei Khrzhanovskii began to study and work on animation inthe wake of the more tolerant, although contradictory, spirit that characterized theKhrushchev’s Thaw, during which a few animators began to experiment with newstyles and create films on topical issues addressed to an adult public. With The GlassHarmonica Khrzhanovskii ventured to present a harsh critique of the system in a stylethat clearly departed from the prevailing children-oriented Disney style adopted in thestudio Soiuzmul’tfil’m. By proposing a subtle message about the position of the artistin a totalitarian system and endorsing a manner that contrasted with the official andapproved style, Khrzhanovskii created a work of art that, despite its exceptional artisticvalue, could be hardly accepted by the authorities.
Andreï Khrjanovski a commencé à étudier l’animation et à réaliser desfilms dans l’atmosphère plus tolérante, bien qu’ambiguë, qui caractérisait le dégelkhrouchtchévien, période pendant laquelle un certain nombre d’animateurs se sontmis à expérimenter de nouveaux styles et à créer des films destinés à un public adultetraitant de problèmes d’actualité. Avec L’Harmonica de verre, Khrjanovski s’estrisqué à présenter une critique sévère du système dans un style qui se démarquaitclairement du style disneyen adopté par le studio Soïouzmoultfilm dans les dessinsanimés pour la jeunesse. En proposant un message subtil sur la situation de l’artistedans un système totalitaire et adoptant un style contrastant avec le style officiel etapprouvé, il a créé une oeuvre d’art qui, magré sa qualité exceptionnelle, ne pouvaitguère être acceptée par les autorités.
Андрей Хржановский начинал работать в анимации еще ватмосфере духа большей толерантности, хотя исполненного противоречий,характеризовавшего хрущевскую Оттепель. В этот период некоторыеаниматоры стали экспериментировать с новыми стилями и создавать фильмыдля взрослой аудитории, обращенные к актуальным вопросам на злобу дня. Сосвоей Стеклянной гармоникой Хржановский смело предпринял резкую критикусистемы в стиле, очевидно далеком от стиля ориентированных на Диснеядетских мультфильмов, который превалировал на Союзмультфильме. Тонкоподавая свое идейное представление о месте художника при тоталитарнойсистеме и подписываясь под художественной манерой, контрастноотличающейся от официально принятой эстетики, Хржановский создалпроизведение искусства, которое, вопреки его исключительной художественнойценности, едва ли могло быть воспринято властью.
Russia as a Life and Writing Experience: The Journals Of A White Sea Wolf by Mariusz Wilk
Authors: Després Isabelle 
Published: May 2021

Mariusz Wilk is a Polish prose‑writer, who travels to the remote north of Russia. His first book, The journals of a White Sea wolf reveals his originality. He tries to delve into the mysteries of the ‘Russian soul’ and history, for that he chooses to blend in with local life. That is why he settled in a faraway, but representative place, the Solovetsky Islands. He writes of the ordinary folk he meets on a daily basis. He discovers a world marked by the ruins of the Soviet prison system, but also by the secular presence of the monastery. In his notes, Wilk stops on some details with strong metaphorical potential. Finally, he writes of himself as a writer and a traveler. For in his writing and his travels, Wilk’s main aim is to find himself, to understand who he is, to think about writing that allows self‑transcendence, about the language and about the specificity of each word, with its emotional and symbolic charge. The journals of a White Sea wolf is a testimony on past and today’s Russia, a reflection on practice and literary genre of travel prose.
Mariusz Wilk est un auteur polonais qui voyage dans la Russie du grand Nord. Son premier ouvrage, Le Journal d’un loup, révèle l’originalité de ce regard. Wilk cherche à découvrir la Russie en profondeur, en choisissant de se fondre dans la vie locale. Pour cela il s’installe dans les îles Solovki, un lieu excentré, mais représentatif à ses yeux, de l’histoire et de la mentalité russes. Il y découvre un monde en sursis, marqué par les ruines du système pénitentiaire soviétique, mais aussi par la présence séculaire du monastère. Dans ses notes, Wilk s’arrête sur certains détails à forte potentialité métaphorique. Enfin, il se livre à une réflexion sur son double statut d’écrivain et d’étranger, sur l’écriture qui permet le dépassement de soi, sur la langue et le mot, avec sa charge émotive et symbolique. Le Journal d’un loup est autant un témoignage sur la Russie d’hier et d’aujourd’hui, qu’une réflexion sur la pratique et l’écriture littéraire du voyage.
Die Epistemologie der Ausnahme
Authors: Ermakoff Ivan 
Published: May 2021

Außergewöhnliche Situationen werden meist als untypisch, komisch und selten dargestellt. Womit lässt sich dann aber ihre systematische Untersuchung rechtfertigen? Ausgehend von der Differenzierung zwischen Abweichungen, Ausnahmen und Sonderfällen, hebt dieser Beitrag drei epistemische Beiträge außergewöhnlicher Fälle hervor. Erstens verdeutlichen außergewöhnliche Fälle die Grenzen von Kategorien und Klassifizierungen. Ihr Beitrag ist kritisch. Zweitens verweisen außergewöhnliche Fälle auf neue Gegenstandsmodelle. Sie erhalten einen paradigmatischen Rang durch das Aufzeigen spezifischer Charakteristika dieser neuen Modelle. Drittens verdeutlichen außergewöhnliche Fälle Beziehungsmodelle, die in gewöhnlicheren Zusammenhängen unsichtbar bleiben. Ihr Beitrag ist hier heuristisch. Diese drei Beiträge sind möglich, wenn wir unsere normativen Verhaltensweisen bezüglich des Vorhersehbaren aufheben und die Fälle in Beziehung zu einem analytischen Raum konstitutiver Dimensionen setzen. Der Beitrag fußt hauptsächlich auf Beispielen aus den Sozialwissenschaften: Organisationssoziologie, Ethnomethodologie, vergleichende Geschichtssoziologie und Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Exceptional cases are at odds with the typical : they stand out as bizarre and rare. What then could justify their systematic analysis? Elaborating the analytical distinction between anomalies, exceptions and outliers, this paper outlines three potential epistemic contributions of exceptional cases. First, exceptional cases reveal the limits of standard classification categories. In so doing, they problematize usual classificatory grids. Their input is critical. Second, exceptional cases point to new classes of objects. They acquire paradigmatic status when they exemplify the characteristic features of these new classes with utmost clarity. Third, exceptional cases magnify relational patterns that in more mundane contexts lack visibility. Here their contribution is heuristic. These three contributions become possible when we put at bay normative expectations of what should happen, and specify cases by reference to an analytical space of constitutive dimensions. To underscore the general significance of these observations, I draw on examples borrowed from different quarters of the social sciences: the sociology of organizations, ethnomethodology, comparative historical sociology and the history of science
Cet article éclaire trois contributions possibles du cas d’exception défini comme tout objet de considération qui se démarque et se distingue d’un cadre normatif, d’une thèse explicative ou d’une distribution fréquentielle. La contribution est critique lorsque le cas met en doute les fondements d’une taxonomie, le bien-fondé d’un énoncé prédictif ou celui d’une modélisation. Elle est paradigmatique dès lors que le cas exemplifie un ensemble de propriétés caractéristiques d’une classe empirique. Elle devient heuristique à partir du moment où le cas rend visible la logique de rapports restés jusqu’alors non documentés
Denken der Relation : Franz Boas und der « Typus »-Begriff
Authors: Joseph Camille 
Published: May 2021

Der « Typus »-Begriff wird hier in dem wissenschaftlichen Werk des deutsch-amerikanischen Anthropologen Franz Boas (1858-1942) untersucht.Anhand einer Analyse seiner wichtigsten Texte über Anthropometrie wird gezeigt, wie bei Boas die Statistik dazu dient, die physische Anthropologie von seinem taxinomischen Hintergrund zu befreien und einen neuen Zugang zu einem Denken der Relation zu eröffnen, das auf Variationen und Korrelationen den Fokus legt.Boas denkt die « Typen » im Plural und legt den Nachdruck auf die Anleihen und Mischungen, auf die Plastizität der Menschen und auf ihre Grenzen.
This article focuses on the concept of « type » in Franz Boas’ work. Based on a close examination of his main anthropometrical texts, it sheds light onthe way Boas used statistical methods in order to criticize the taxonomic approach of physical anthropology. Instead, he developed a perspective where relations between types are put forward and emphasized the importance of variability and correlation phenomena. By using the plural “types”, Boas was able to consider human plasticity as a scene for borrowing and intermixture.
Cet article se propose d’examiner le concept de « type » dans le travail de Franz Boas (1858-1942). À partir d’une lecture des principaux textes del’anthropologue consacrés à l’anthropométrie, cet article expose la manière dont il s’est servi des méthodes statistiques pour détourner l’anthropologie physique de ses objectifs taxinomiques et mettre en avant une pensée de la relation fondée sur la variation et les phénomènes de corrélation. Boas préfère penser les « types » au pluriel pour mieux observer les jeux d’emprunts et de mélanges qui se manifestent dans les limites de la plasticité humaine.
Plurality of Points of Views and knowing of a Plural Reality
Authors: Compagnone Claude 
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de éste artículo es dar cuenta de la manera por la cual las concepciones plurales de la realidad son inherentes al proceso de conocimiento. Asimismo, el artículo apunta a mostrar de qué manera los distintos puntos de vista de los actores sobre ésta realidad son social y materialmente situados. Apoyándose en el enfoque de J.-P. Darré , el neo-pragmatismo de H. Putnam, así como en los aportes de lingüistas y psicólogos, el presente trabajo ilumina la manera en la cual la relación entre realidad y conocimiento puede establecerse. El artículo destaca que la verdad depende de la adecuación del conocimiento a la realidad y pone en relieve las propiedades interactivas de las cosas. Finalmente, permite revelar la naturaleza social de las concepciones y discute, a partir de la noción de punto de vista de A. Schütz, la caracterización social de estos puntos de vista.
The purpose of this article is to report the way in which the plural understandings of reality are inherent to the process of knowledge production. It alsoaims to show what it means that actors’ point of view are socially and materially situated. Relying on J.-P. Darré’s approach, Putnam’s pragmatism, as well as on linguists’ and psychologists’ works, it highlights how the relationship between reality and knowledge may be understood. It underlines that truth depends on the adequacy of knowledge to reality and emphasizes the interactional features of things. Then, it focuses on the social nature of understanding and discusses the social characterization of points of view, drawing on A. Schütz’s works.
Le but de cet article est de rendre compte de la façon dont desconceptions plurielles de la réalité sont inhérentes au processus de connaissance.Il vise aussi à montrer comment on peut entendre que les points de vue des acteurs sur cette réalité sont socialement et objectivement situés. S’appuyant sur l’approche de J.-P. Darré, sur le néopragmatisme de H. Putnam, ainsi que sur les travaux de linguistes et de psychologues, il éclaircit la façon dont on peut entendre le rapport qui peut être établi entre réalité et connaissance. Il souligne que la vérité dépend de l’adéquation de la connaissance à la réalité et met en valeur les propriétés interactionnelles des choses. Il fait ensuite apparaître la nature sociale des conceptions et discute, à partir de la notion de point de vue de A. Schütz, de la caractérisation sociale de ces points de vue.