bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methylglyoxal Drives a Distinct, Nonclassical Macrophage Activation Status
Authors: Tsokanos Foivos-Filippos , Muley Carolin , Khani Sajjad , Hass Daniela , Fleming Thomas , Wolff Gretchen , Bartelt Alexander , Nawroth Peter , Herzig Stephan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMetabolic complications in diabetic patients are driven by a combination of increased levels of nutrients and the presence of a proinflammatory environment. Methylglyoxal (MG) is a toxic byproduct of catabolism and has been strongly associated with the development of such complications. Macrophages are key mediators of inflammatory processes and their contribution to the development of metabolic complications has been demonstrated. However, a direct link between reactive metabolites and macrophage activation has not been demonstrated yet. Here, we show that acute MG treatment activated components of the p38 MAPK pathway and enhanced glycolysis in primary murine macrophages. MG induced a distinct gene expression profile sharing similarities with classically activated proinflammatory macrophages as well as metabolically activated macrophages usually found in obese patients. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a set of 15 surface markers specifically upregulated in MG-treated macrophages, thereby establishing a new set of targets for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes under high MG conditions, including diabetes. Overall, our study defines a new polarization state of macrophages that may specifically link aberrant macrophage activation to reactive metabolites in diabetes.
Comparison between MRI and Arthroscopy of the Wrist for the Assessment of Posttraumatic Lesions of Intrinsic Ligaments and the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex
Authors: De Santis Sergio , Cozzolino Roberto , Luchetti Riccardo , Cazzoletti Lucia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been considered the most appropriate examination for wrist ligament injuries diagnosis, but it frequently fails to assess the intrinsic ligament lesion. Therefore, wrist arthroscopy is required to enhance and define the diagnosis.
Purpose We compare the MRI imaging with wrist arthroscopy for intrinsic wrist ligaments (scapholunate [SL] and lunotriquetral [LT]) and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries detection.
Patients and Methods From 2007 to 2014, 532 patients affected by suspected SL, LT, and TFCC posttraumatic ligament injury have been investigated by 1.5-Tesla MRI and wrist arthroscopy. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were adopted. Only for SL ligament injury, the arthroscopic findings of complete (stage IV) and partial (stages I–III) SL ligament injury were compared with MRI findings. Statistical analysis, including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and the diagnostic odds ratio, was used to compare MRI with arthroscopic findings.
Results A total of 146 patients were accepted in the study. In 68 cases of arthroscopic SL ligament lesion, MRI confirmed the diagnosis only in 50% of the cases. In partial SL lesions, MRI was positive in 24.3% and in complete SL lesions, MRI was positive in 80.6% of the cases. In 10 cases of arthroscopic LT ligament lesion, MRI was positive in 30.0% of the cases. In 33 patients with arthroscopic TFCC lesion, MRI was positive in 66.7% of the cases.
Conclusion 1.5-T MRI demonstrated to fail in confirming the lesion of SL, LP, and TFCC ligaments respectively in 50, 70, and 33.3% of the cases positive at arthroscopy. In complete SL ligament lesion, MRI reaches a higher sensitivity than in partial lesion. Arthroscopy remains the best method to demonstrate the ligament lesion and obtain more information regarding the extent and quality of the ligament damage.
Level of Evidence This is a Level II, retrospective comparative study.
Use of Tendon Allograft for Recurrent Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Instability in Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Christie Brian M. , Fox Paige M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Subluxation of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendon can be a challenging problem to the surgeon, with no options described for failure following autologous reconstruction. It is our intention to provide guidance on technique by describing our experience in a 20-year-old male with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.
Case Description The patient presented with pain and snapping of the ECU tendon, and failed both immobilization and ECU reconstruction with autologous extensor retinaculum. A gracilis tendon allograft was used to reconstruct the ECU sheath, in addition to ulnar groove deepening. At 1-year follow-up, the patient had no pain and the ECU was stable without recurrent subluxation.
Literature Review To the authors' knowledge, the use of tendon allograft for stabilization of recurrent ECU subluxation following surgical repair or reconstruction has not been previously described in the medical literature.
Clinical Relevance Utilization of tendon allograft is a viable technique to stabilize the ECU tendon while minimizing the risk in relying on compromised autologous tissue. This report represents the first account of successful reconstruction following failed autologous reconstruction.
Joint simulation machining study of inducer based on MAX-PAC and VERICUT
Authors: Li Zixuan , He Yun , Cao Zheng , Lei Xuelin , Zhang Hang , Zhong Lei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The inducer is a part with a complex curved structure and is widely used in the energy, aerospace and petrochemical industries. To improve the efficiency of the inducer machining, a 5-axis machining path was prepared using the CNC machining programming software NREC MAX-PAC. The NC code was exported to VERICUT CNC simulation software through a customized post-processing program by IMSpost to verify the validity of the CNC program. Compared with the original machining time, the actual machining time is now shortened by 43.18% after optimization, which realizes the efficient milling of complex inducer structure.
Vehicle-train-bridge coupled vibration of the road-rail bridge
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wang Dongqi , An Huifeng , Tian Zibo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
For the vehicle-bridge coupled vibration of road-rail bridge, the difference of the dynamic responses of the bridge between only considering the vehicle or train loads and considering the vehicle and train load together, needs to be studied. In this paper, taking the Binzhou road-rail steel truss bridge as an example, the motion equations of bridge, car and train are established respectively, through the interaction among the three subsystems, the three subsystems are coupled. The dynamic responses of the whole system only considering the vehicle or train loads and considering the vehicle and train load together are analyzed. The results show that the dynamic response under the vehicle and train loads is not a simple superposition of that under the vehicle or train load separately. And the peak dynamic responses at different positions doesn’t appear under one certain condition. Therefore, different conditions need to be considered when the road-rail bridge is designed.
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and time-resolved anisotropy of nanomaterial-induced changes to red blood cell membranes
Authors: Sydor Matthew J , Anderson Donald S , Steele Harmen B B , Ross J B Alexander , Holian Andrij 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the use of engineered nano-materials (ENM) becoming more prevalent, it is essential to determine potential human health impacts. Specifically, the effects on biological lipid membranes will be important for determining molecular events that may contribute to both toxicity and suitable biomedical applications. To better understand the mechanisms of ENM-induced hemolysis and membrane permeability, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was performed on human red blood cells (RBC) exposed to titanium dioxide ENM, zinc oxide ENM, or micron-sized crystalline silica. In the FLIM images, changes in the intensity-weighted fluorescence lifetime of the lipophilic fluorescence probe Di-4-ANEPPDHQ were used to identify localized changes to membrane. Time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy and FLIM of RBC treated with methyl-ß-cyclodextrin was performed to aid in interpreting how changes to membrane order influence changes in the fluorescence lifetime of the probe. Treatment of RBC with methyl-ß-cyclodextrin caused an increase in the wobble-in-a-cone angle and shorter fluorescence lifetimes of di-4-ANEPPDHQ. Treatment of RBC with titanium dioxide caused a significant increase in fluorescence lifetime compared to non-treated samples, indicating increased membrane order. Crystalline silica also increased the fluorescence lifetime compared to control levels. In contrast, zinc oxide decreased the fluorescence lifetime, representing decreased membrane order. However, treatment with soluble zinc sulfate resulted in no significant change in fluorescence lifetime, indicating that the decrease in order of the RBC membranes caused by zinc oxide ENM was not due to zinc ions formed during potential dissolution of the nanoparticles. These results give insight into mechanisms for how these three materials might disrupt RBC membranes and membranes of other cells. The results also provide evidence for a direct correlation between the size, interaction-available surface area of the nano-material and cell membrane disruption.
Treatments of natural fiber as reinforcement in polymer composites—a short review
Authors: Nurazzi N M , Harussani M M , Aisyah H A , Ilyas R A , Norrrahim M N F , Khalina A , Abdullah N. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The demand for environmental awareness, preserving nature and being beneficial for societal economics has attracted the attention of many researchers and industries to examine the potential usage of natural fibers. There are a lot of beneficial natural fiber sources in a wide range of applications in the composites industry. It is worth mentioning that the performance of natural fiber-reinforced composites can be tailored through a certain natural fiber treatment, and hybridization by employing an appropriate number of synthetic fibers or with other natural fibers. In addition to cost-effectiveness balance, a balance between environmental impacts and desired performance can be achieved by designing the composite based on the product requirements. Yet, certain drawbacks such as incompatibility with the hydrophobic polymer matrix, hydrophilic nature and the tendency to absorb moisture during processing greatly reduce the potential of natural fibers to be used as reinforcements in polymer composites. In this short review, the main results presented in the literature are summarized, focusing on the properties and challenges of natural fibers, the processing behavior of natural fiber treatments, and paying attention to the use of physical and chemical treatments for the improvement of fiber-matrix interaction as reinforcement for polymeric matrices (thermoplastics, thermosets and biodegradables).
Comparison of structural variants detected by optical mapping with long-read next-generation sequencing
Authors: Savara Jakub , Novosád Tomáš , Gajdoš Petr , Kriegová Eva 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Recent studies have shown the potential of using long-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) approaches and optical mapping (OM) for the detection of clinically relevant structural variants (SVs) in cancer research. Three main long-read WGS platforms are currently in use: Pacific Biosciences (PacBio), Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and 10x Genomics. Recently, whole-genome OM technology (Bionano Genomics) has been introduced into human diagnostics. Questions remain about the accuracy of these long-read sequencing platforms, how comparable/interchangeable they are when searching for SVs and to what extent they can be replaced or supplemented by OM. Moreover, no tool can effectively compare SVs obtained by OM and WGS.

Results
This study compared optical maps of the breast cancer cell line SKBR3 with AnnotSV outputs from WGS platforms. For this purpose, a software tool with comparative and filtering features was developed. The majority of SVs up to a 50 kbp distance variance threshold found by OM were confirmed by all WGS platforms, and ∼99% of translocations and ∼80% of deletions found by OM were confirmed by both PacBio and ONT, with ∼70% being confirmed by 10x Genomics in combination with PacBio and/or ONT. Interestingly, long deletions (&gt;100 kbp) were detected only by 10x Genomics. Regarding insertions, ∼74% was confirmed by PacBio and ONT, but none by 10x Genomics. Inversions and duplications detected by OM were not detected by WGS. Moreover, the tool enabled the confirmation of SVs that overlapped in the same gene(s) and was applied to the filtering of disease-associated SVs.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/novosadt/om-annotsv-svc.
Evidence, not eminence, for surgical management during COVID-19: a multifaceted systematic review and a model for rapid clinical change
Authors: Kovoor J G , Tivey D R , Ovenden C D , Babidge W J , Maddern G J 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus (COVID-19) forced surgical evolution worldwide. The extent to which national evidence-based recommendations, produced by the current authors early in 2020, remain valid, is unclear. To inform global surgical management and a model for rapid clinical change, this study aimed to characterize surgical evolution following COVID-19 through a multifaceted systematic review.MethodsRapid reviews were conducted targeting intraoperative safety, personal protective equipment and triage, alongside a conventional systematic review identifying evidence-based guidance for surgical management. Targeted searches of PubMed and Embase from 31 December 2019 were repeated weekly until 7 August 2020, and systematic searches repeated monthly until 30 June 2020. Literature was stratified using Evans’ hierarchy of evidence. Narrative data were analysed for consistency with earlier recommendations. The systematic review rated quality using the AGREE II and AMSTAR tools, was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020205845. Meta-analysis was not conducted.ResultsFrom 174 targeted searches and six systematic searches, 1256 studies were identified for the rapid reviews and 21 for the conventional systematic review. Of studies within the rapid reviews, 903 (71.9 per cent) had lower-quality design, with 402 (32.0 per cent) being opinion-based. Quality of studies in the systematic review ranged from low to moderate. Consistency with recommendations made previously by the present authors was observed despite 1017 relevant subsequent publications.ConclusionThe evidence-based recommendations produced early in 2020 remained valid despite many subsequent publications. Weaker studies predominated and few guidelines were evidence-based. Extracted clinical solutions were globally implementable. An evidence-based model for rapid clinical change is provided that may benefit surgical management during this pandemic and future times of urgency.
Talking Through Race: Two Raced Women’s Tinder Stories
Authors: Lee Jin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
While as an epitome of contemporary pairing culture Tinder has been reported as dangerous for its association with sex-centered post-feminist culture, including hook ups and toxic masculinity, an original case study exploring women of color (WOC) in the culture has not been undertaken yet. By inviting WOC Tinder users into an ethnographic study, I show the instability of race that mediates their lived experiences in line with gender in the culture of sexual intimacy. I focus on two female study participants living in the United States: Greek–Black biracial Betty and Korean-Asian Rose. By examining their processes of revisiting their Tinder episodes and developing their conclusive stories vis-à-vis their identities, I argue that they perform their race processed through ongoing negotiation with the social systems and their personal lived experiences, to respond to racialization, gendering, and sexualization in the pairing culture, mediated by the image-centered dating app, Tinder.
Intersection of Syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Networks to Identify Opportunities to Enhance HIV Prevention
Authors: Dennis Ann M , Cressman Andrew , Pasquale Dana , Frost Simon D W , Kelly Elizabeth , Guy Jalila , Mobley Victoria , Samoff Erika , Hurt Christopher B , Mcneil Candice , Hightow-Weidman Lisa , Carry Monique , Hogben Matthew , Seña Arlene C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis infection continue at disproportionate rates among minority men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. The integration of HIV genetic clustering with partner services can provide important insight into local epidemic trends to guide interventions and control efforts.

Methods
We evaluated contact networks of index persons defined as minority men and transgender women diagnosed with early syphilis and/or HIV infection between 2018 and 2020 in 2 North Carolina regions. HIV clusters were constructed from pol sequences collected through statewide surveillance. A combined “HIV-risk” network, which included persons with any links (genetic or sexual contact) to HIV-positive persons, was evaluated by component size, demographic factors, and HIV viral suppression.

Results
In total, 1289 index persons were identified and 55% named 1153 contacts. Most index persons were Black (88%) and young (median age 30 years); 70% had early syphilis and 43% had prevalent HIV infection. Most people with HIV (65%) appeared in an HIV cluster. The combined HIV-risk network (1590 contact network and 1500 cluster members) included 287 distinct components; however, 1586 (51%) were in a single component. Fifty-five percent of network members with HIV had no evidence of viral suppression. Overall, fewer index persons needed to be interviewed to identify 1 HIV-positive member without viral suppression (1.3 vs 4.0 for contact tracing).

Conclusions
Integration of HIV clusters and viral loads illuminate networks with high HIV prevalence, indicating recent and ongoing transmission. Interventions intensified toward these networks may efficiently reach persons for HIV prevention and care re-engagement.
Cardiovascular risk factors as predictors of new onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Santos H , Santos M , Almeida I , Miranda H , Sa C , Chin J , Almeida S , Sousa C , Almeida L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

OnBehalf
Portuguese Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Background
Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are a growing health problem in developed countries, being directly associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurrence and atrial fibrillation (AF). Nevertheless, new onset of AF in context of ACS is a clinical problem with prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Objective
Evaluate the impact of the CVRF in new onset AF during the hospitalization for ACS.

Methods
Multicenter retrospective study, based on the Portuguese Registry of ACS between 1/10/2010-4/09/2019. Patients were divided in two groups: A – without new onset of AF during the hospitalization for ACS and B – with new onset of AF during the hospitalization for ACS. CVFR was defined by body mass index, diabetes, arterial hypertension, smoking, coronary artery disease, neoplasia, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease and peripheral arterial disease. Logistic regression was performed to assess predictors of new onset AF in these patients.

Results
14037 patients were included, 637 in group B (4.8%). Both groups were similar regarding diabetes mellitus (p = 0.116), coronary artery disease (p = 0.264) and neoplasia (p = 0.327). Curiously the group A exhibited higher body mass index (27.5 ± 4.3 vs 27.2 ± 4.4, p &lt; 0.001), smokers (28.1 vs 18.5%, p &lt; 0.001) and dyslipidemia (62.8 vs 56.7%, p &lt; 0.001). On the other hand, group B presented more females (26.4 vs 35.0%, p &lt; 0.001), arterial hypertension (70.0 vs 74.9%, p = 0.002), peripheral arterial disease (5.4 vs 8.4%, p &lt; 0.001) and chronic kidney disease (6.7 vs 9.5%, p &lt; 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that body mass index, smoker status, diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, neoplasia, chronic kidney disease and peripheral arterial disease were not predictors of AF during the hospitalization for ACS. Nonetheless, female gender (odds ratio (OR) 1.23, p = 0.025, confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.47), obesity (OR 1.39, p = 0.004, CI 1.11-1.74) and arterial hypertension (OR 1.22, p = 0.049, CI 1.01-1.50) were predictors of new onset of AF during hospitalization for ACS. Conclusions: Female gender, obesity and arterial hypertension were predictors of new onset of AF in during hospitalization for ACS.
During the Covid-19 lockdown, rural residence is associated to healthier lifestyle behaviours in patients with chronic coronary syndrom
Authors: Chague F , Cransac-Miet A , Boulin M , Saint-Jalmes M , Bichat F , Soudry A , Danchin N , Zeller M , Cottin Y 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Dijon Football Côte d"Or

OnBehalf
CLEO-CD

Background
Lifestyle behaviours (LB) are keystones of coronary prevention and might be impacted during Covid-19 (C19) lockdown.

Purpose
To compare the LB in urban and rural patients suffering from chronic coronary syndrom (CCS)

Methods
250 outpatients suffering from CCS were invited during the 6th week of the 1st C19 lockdown to answer to a phone-call questionnaire.

Results
220 questionnaires were fit for analysis, of whom about 1/4 declared a psychologic impairment; people staying at home in urban zones trended to be more impacted. Unhealthier behaviours including cigarette smoking, decrease in physical activity and increase in screentime were common, especially in patients from urban zones. Telehealth partially counterbalanced limitation in care access and none declared discontinuation of medications.

Conclusion
The lockdown impacted wellbeing of CCS patients; living in rural zone was associated with a healthier LB.
Main results TOTAL URBAN RURAL N (%) 220 107 113 p * Age (years, SD) 66.4+/-12.0 64.5+/-14.0 68.2+/-9.5 0.02 Male/Female 154/66 76/31 78/35 0.77 Alone at home 47(21.7) 28(26.2) 19(17.3) 0.13 Feeling cramped 16(7.6) 13(12.5) 3(2.8) 0.008 Feeling less well 50(22.9) 29(27.1) 21(18.9) 0.19 Kessler-6 score ≥ 5 57(26.8) 33(32.0) 24(21.8)) 0.12 Sleep impairment 53(24.5) 30(28.6) 23(20.7) 0.20 Angina pectorisdestabilization 13(6.6) 8(7.9) 5(5.3) 0.57 Cancelled physical examination** 67(63.8) 40(65.6) 27(61.4) 0.68 Switched to Telehealth*** 16(17.0) 7(17.5) 9(16.7) 1 Coronavirus testing 7(3.2) 3(2.8) 4(3.6) 1 Lifestyle behaviours Cigarette smoking 36(16.4) 26(23.3) 10(9.3) 0.006 Cigarette smoking increase 11(30.6) 8(40.0) 3(18.8) 0.27 Decreased physical activity 96(44.2) 56(53.3) 40(35.7) 0.009 Screentime increase 98(45.0) 59(55.1) 39(35.1) 0.004 Alcohol intake increase 10(5.2) 5(5.3) 5(5.2) 1 Weight increase ≥ 2 kg 52(24.5) 28(26.9) 24(22.2) 0.52 * between Urban and Rural **from scheduled physical examination ***from cancelled scheduled physical examination