bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Hypoxia Elevates Arginase 2 and Induces Polyamine Stress Response in Zebrafish via Evolutionary-conserved Mechanism
Authors: Banerjee Bodhisattwa , Khrystoforova Iryna , Polis Baruh , Karasik David 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Living organisms repeatedly encounter stressful events and apply various strategies to survive. Polyamines are omnipresent bioactive molecules with multiple functions. Their transient synthesis, inducible by numerous stressful stimuli, is termed the polyamine stress response. Animals developed evolutionary-conserved strategies to cope with stresses. The urea cycle is an ancient attribute that deals with ammonia excess in terrestrial species. Remarkably, most fish retain the urea cycle genes fully expressed during the early stages of development and silenced in adult animals. Environmental challenges instigate urea synthesis in fish despite substantial energetic costs, which poses a question of the urea cycle's evolutionary significance. Arginase plays a critical role in oxidative stress-dependent reactions being the final urea cycle' enzyme. Its unique subcellular localization, high inducibility, several regulation levels provide a supreme ability to control the polyamine synthesis rate. Of note, oxidative stress instigates the arginase-1 activity in mammals. Arginase is also dysregulated in aging organisms' brain and muscle tissues, indicating its role in the pathogenesis of age-associated diseases. We designed a study to investigate the levels of the urea cycle and polyamine synthesis-related enzymes in a fish model of acute hypoxia. We evidence synchronized elevation of arginase-2 and ornithine decarboxylase following oxidative stress in adult fish and aging animals that underlines the specific function of arginase-2 in fish. Moreover, we demonstrate oxidative stress-associated polyamine synthesis' induction and urea cycle' arrest in adult fish. The subcellular arginase localization found in the fish seems to correspond to its possible evolutionary roles.
An All-sputtered Photovoltaic Ultraviolet Photodetector Based on Co-doped CuCrO2 and Al-doped ZnO Heterojunction
Authors: Ahmadi Morteza , Abrari Masoud , Ghanaatshoar Majid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We propose and fabricate a heterojunction between Al-doped ZnO and (Mg, N)-doped CuCrO2 thin films using the sputtering deposition method. These materials possess wide bandgap that makes them transparent in the visible light but UV-absorbers. On the other hand, the high conductivity of these materials, respectively as n-type and p-type transparent conducting oxides, facilitates the charge transport. We show that the p-n junction fabricated from these materials has the potential to act as a high-performance UV photovoltaic photodetector. The proposed structure, demonstrates fast responses in order of sub seconds, photosensitivity of ~41000, responsivity of 1.645 mA/W, and a detectivity of 3.52×1012 Jones that are significantly improved in comparison with the Al-doped ZnO photoconductor. This excellent improvement is attributed to the capability of the photovoltaic configuration that creates a built-in voltage and facilitates the charge separation and collection rather than recombination in the photoconductor configuration.
Age Paradox: Depressive Symptomatology For Older Men and Women in Taiwan
Authors: Chiu Ching-Ju , Tsai Chun-Yu , Tsai Tsung-Yu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: To discern if prevalence of depressive symptoms in adults aged 65 and above in Taiwan changed during the past decade and to identify if protective and risk factors of depressive symptomatology differ by gender. Method: Data of nationally representative older adults (65+) interviewed from the 2005, 2009 and 2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in Taiwan was analyzed (n=8,832). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used for the measurement of depressive symptomatology. Results: Age adjusted prevalence rate of depressive symptomatology among older adults in Taiwan reduced from 20.6% to 13.3% (X2=-7.5, p<.05) in the community. The most significant factors associated with higher depressive symptomatology in both gender was too much carbohydrates intake, which was significantly associated with 8.8 (95%CI=5.1-15.2) and 7.9 (95%CI=5.2-11.8) times depressive symptomatology in men and women respectively. Factors associated with lower depressive symptomatology in both gender include advanced age (over the age of 85), exercise and social participation. The advanced age for men and women reduced about 63% (AOR over the age of 85=0.4, 95%CI=0.2-0.9) and 62% (AOR over the age of 85=0.4, 95%CI=0.2-0.8) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively; Exercise reduced about 50% (AOR exercise=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.6) and 58% (AOR exercise=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.6) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively; social participation reduced about 55% (AOR social participation=0.5, 95%CI=0.3-0.7) and 36% (AOR social participation=0.6, 95%CI=0.5-0.9) of depressive symptomatology for men and women respectively.Conclusions: For adults aged over 65, advanced age, which is 85+ for men and 75+ for women, is a significant protective factor guarding against depressive symptoms. Carbohydrates, cognitive disorder, heart disease and falls were associated with higher depressive symptomatology in both gender. The pulmonary disease, underweight and educational level were risk factors for men; metabolic disease and milk intake were risks for women. Common factors associated with lower depressive symptomatology in both gender includes advanced age, exercise and social participation. Tea and coffee intake and married status were associated with lower depressive symptomatology for women.
Calibration of SWAT and three data-driven models for monthly stream flow simulation in Maharlu Lake Basin
Authors: Goudarzi Fatemeh Moazami , Sarraf Amirpouya , Ahmadi Hassan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, the performance of SWAT hydrological model and three computational intelligence methods used to simulate river flow are investigated. After collecting the data required for all models used, the calibration and validation stages were performed. Using the SWAT model and three methods of the Extreme Machine Learning (EML), the Support Vector Regression (SVR), and the Least Squares Support Vector Regression (LSSVR), Maharlu Lake Basin stream flow was simulated and the results obtained at Shiraz station were used for this study. A noise reduction filter was employed to improve the results from the computational intelligence methods, and SUFI-2 algorithm was used to analyze the uncertainty of the SWAT model. Finally, in order to evaluate the models developed and the SWAT model, three statistics (RMSE), (R²), and (NS) coefficient were used. The results indicated that the SWAT model and the machine learning models were generally appropriate tools for daily flow modeling, but the LSSVR model showed less errors in both learning and testing, with the coefficients NS = 0.997 and R² = 0.997 in the calibration stage and NS = 0.994 and R² = 0.994 in the validation stage, which prove their better performance compared to the other methods and the SWAT model.
Community perspectives on conservation of water sources in Tarkeshwar sacred groves, Himalaya, India
Authors: Jana Purna , Pandey Rajiv , Semeraro Teodoro , Alatalo Juha M. , Areteno Roberta , Todaria Nagendra P. , Tripathi Ravi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sacred groves have significance in socio-culture and biodiversity conservation. This study evaluated local people's perceptions regarding conservation of sacred groves for water services, through willingness-to-pay (WTP), willingness-to-accept (WTA) and willingness-to-labour-work (DLP). Data were collected through a pre-tested questionnaire from 107 randomly selected households in 18 villages of Uttarakhand. The villages were categorised into 3 classes (core, nearby, faraway) based on proximity to the forests. The contingent-valuation method was used to evaluate WTP [Rs 3,802 (≈$57)] and WTA [Rs 38,224 (≈$571)] for water as an ecosystem service and statistical analyses were performed to evaluate whether factors such as gender, age, household income and location explained differences in the parameters. It was found that gender had a significant impact on WTP, with women having higher WTP, and that location had significant impact on WTA. The result shows that WTA increased with increasing distance from the sacred groves (Rs 43,077 ± 21,139 in faraway villages and Rs 35,323 ± 10,483 in core villages). The results indicated that consideration of gender inequality and education status in villages should be included in planning and decision making about participatory forest management of sacred groves. These findings facilitate forest resource management in mountains and provide guidance for programmes and policies dealing with irrigation, drinking water and community development.
Surface modified polythiophene/Al2O3 and polyaniline/Al2O3 nanocomposites using poly(vinyl alcohol) for the removal of heavy metal ions from water: kinetics, thermodynamic and isotherm studies
Authors: Karimi Zeynab , Khalili Reza , Ali Zazouli Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, polythiophene/Al2O3 (PTh/Al2O3) and polyaniline/Al2O3 (PAn/Al2O3) nanocomposites in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the surfactant were synthesized via in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method in aqueous medium. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results indicated that the Al2O3 and poly(vinyl alcohol) influenced the properties of synthesized nanocomposites. The aim of this research was to investigate the sorption characteristics of polythiophene and polyaniline nanocomposites for the removal of heavy metal cations including Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. The factors that affected the adsorption equilibrium as well as the removal efficiency of the nanoadsorbents, i.e., contact time, metal ion concentration, pH and adsorption conditions were investigated in detail. From the kinetic results, it was concluded that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to be the best at describing the adsorption process for Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) on PTh-PVA/Al2O3 and PAn-PVA/Al2O3. In addition, thermodynamic analysis suggests the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the present adsorption process with increased entropy on PTh-PVA/Al2O3 and PAn-PVA/Al2O3. The results suggest polythiophene, polyaniline and their nanocomposites have great potential to be used as efficient absorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from water.
Therapeutic Abortion Methods in Women Referring to Educational and
Medical Centers in Shiraz
Authors: Akbarzadeh Marzieh , Alipanahpour Sedighe , Tayebi Naeimeh , Zarshenas Mahnaz 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Abortion is one of the most common side effects of pregnancy, which has
had shown a steady or even growing trend over the past few decades despite extensive efforts in
prenatal care.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate medical interventions for abortions in pregnant women
referring to educational and medical centers in Shiraz, Iran, in 2018.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 437 pregnant women referred to Shiraz Educational and
Forensic Medicine Centers were selected. A questionnaire including demographic characteristics,
midwifery information and types of medical interventions was completed for each. Data were analyzed
by SPSS software using statistical tests.

Results:
According to the results of the present study, most subjects were aged 31-40 years (202
(46%)), had a high school diploma (183 (41%)), and were housewives (331 (57%)). Most of their
gestational age was in the range of 16-20 weeks (184 (41%)). There was also a significant positive
relationship observed between maternal age and gestational age (p = 0.01). Misoprostol and cervical
Foley were the most used methods in induced abortions with a forensic permit (44.3%), vaginal
misoprostol was the most used method in induced abortions with other indications (43.9%), and
most spontaneous abortions involved no intervention (41.9%).

Conclusion:
Considering the importance of the medical abortion method, it is suggested to be considered
for patients with different conditions in interventional studies. Also, the correct use of different
family planning methods and identification of factors affecting the use of contraceptives are
recommended after an abortion. Women’s education and men’s participation should be considered
in the prevention of high-risk and unwanted pregnancies.
Community-Based Screening for Cardiovascular Disease in the Capricorn District of Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Malema Rambelani N. , Mphekgwana Peter M. , Makgahlela Mpsanyana , Mothiba Tebogo M. , Monyeki Kotsedi D. , Kgatla Nancy , Makgatho Irene , Sodi Tholene 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The number of people who suffer and die from Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is increasing at an alarming rate in low-and middle-income countries.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to screen communities using the non-laboratory INTERHEART Risk Score tool (NLIRS) to determine their level of risk for developing CVD.

Methods:
A community-based quantitative study was conducted in the Capricorn District of Limpopo Province. A total of 3315 participants were screened by 63 community health workers (CHWs) using the NLIRS tool. The tool covers the following items which are allocated different scores: Gender:male ≥55 years or female ≥65years=2; being a smoker or having stopped ≤12 months ago = 2; smoking1-5 cigarettes =2; 6-10=4; 11-15=6;16-20 a day and ≥20=11; indirect smoking last 12 months =2; having diabetes=6 and high blood pressure=5; parental history of heart attack=4; having stress and depression=3 each; consumption of salty and fried food, no vegetables or fruits each scored a 1; eating meat twice a day =2; being inactive =2; waist-to-hip ratio ≥.874-0.963=2 and ≥0.964=4. The scores were added and those who scored 0-9 were classified to be at low risk, 10-15 moderate and 16-48 at high risk.

Results:
On average 58% and 33% were found to be at low and moderate risk, respectively for developing CVD and 9% at high risk. The majority consumed salty, fried foods and meat and were inactive. Being hypertensive constituted 67% of being at high risk of developing CVD.

Conclusion:
Envisaged intervention will focus on preventive strategies for risk factors such as diet, exercise and hypertension. More males should be recruited to participate in future research to determine if the same results will be obtained.
Identification of Naturally Occurring Antiviral Molecules for SARS-CoV-2 Mitigation
Authors: Rana Shiwani , Kumar Prateek , Sharma Anchal , Sharma Sanjay , Giri Rajanish , S. Ghosh Kalyan 
Published: June 2021

Aim:

This study aimed to virtually screen the naturally occurring antiviral molecules for SARS-CoV-2 mitigation based on multiple molecular targets using docking and molecular dynamics simulations.

Background:
The coronavirus catastrophe (COVID-19) caused by a novel strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has turned the world upside down at an unprecedented level and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. It has resulted in a huge number of infections as well as fatalities due to severe lower respiratory tract sickness.

Objective:

The objective of this study was the identification of inhibitors against the crucial molecular targets linked with viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Materials and Methods:

In silico screening of twenty naturally occurring antiviral molecules was performed using the Autodock docking tool. Further, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed on the most stable docked complex between cysteine-like protease or 3CL protease (3CLpro) and the best-identified inhibitor (bilobetin).

Results:
3CLpros is one of the very important molecular targets as it is involved in the replication process of the virus. In the present study, we have initially investigated the inhibitory potential of naturally occurring antiviral molecules against the activity of main viral protease (3CLpro) to put a halt to viral replication. The investigation had been carried out through docking of the molecules with 3CLpro. Based on the results, the three most potential molecules (bilobetin, ginkgetin and sciadopitysin) have been screened. Further, these molecules were subjected to checking their activity on other molecular targets like papain-like protease (PLpro), spike protein S1, RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. In addition to 3CLpro inhibition, ginkgetin was also predicted as an inhibitor of PLpro. However, none of these three compounds was found to be effective on the rest of the molecular targets. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of the most stable docked complex between 3CLpro and its best inhibitor (bilobetin) confirmed notable conformational stability of the docked complex under a dynamic state.

Conclusion:
Bilobetin alone or a combination of bilobetin and ginkgetin may be used to impede viral replication. These observations are solely based on the results from blind docking with protein molecules and need to be further corroborated with experimental results.
POSSIBILITIES OF IMPROVING READING OF SUBJECT-SPECIFIC TEXTS
Authors: Chmelíková Gabriela 
Published: June 2021

In their future professional career the non-philological universities´ graduates will undoubtedly encounter the necessity of reading technical texts in a foreign language. Utilising the basic knowledge in linguistics, they should be able to orient easily in the text and context, use prediction, comprehend the texts without the word-by-word translation as well as be aware of making use of various progressive reading techniques, if necessary and useful. The author carried out a quantitative and qualitative research at three Slovak non-philological universities with the sample of 300 respondents. The research proved our anticipations that the situation regarding the university students´ reading skills level is quite serious as well as it proved that the improvement in this field is possible in a short time period.
ASSESSING LEARNERS’ ACADEMIC PHRASEOLOGY IN THE DIGITAL AGE: A CORPUS-INFORMED APPROACH TO ESP TEXTS
Authors: Dinca Andreea , Chitez Madalina 
Published: June 2021

In the field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), as in any other type of interlanguage, phraseology contributes significantly to successful academic writing (Biber and Barbieri 2007). For particular learner varieties, such as Romanian English, few studies have examined formulaic sequences (Hyland 2008), mainly focusing on lexico-grammatical patterns (Chitez 2012, 2014). The proposed paper investigates the use of phraseology in Romanian students’ academic papers, written during their ESP courses, by adopting a double contrastive perspective: first, we contrast texts produced in two different disciplines (Literature Studies and Information Technology), and, second, we compare the academic phraseology in learner language with native speaker phraseology. For the analysis, we have compiled two corpora (ESP-LIT and ESP-IT), each consisting of 40 texts representing a discipline specific didactic genre, e.g. essay. As reference, we used the Academic Phrasebank (Davis and Morley 2018). The aim is to find out whether the use of academic formulaic expressions differs according to the discipline and the extent to which students integrate expert academic phrases into their writing. The methodology can be replicated for different language learning settings.
CHALLENGES AND ADAPTABILITY OF LANGUAGE TEACHERS TOWARDS VIRTUAL CLASSROOMS DURING COVID 19
Authors: Satpute Ketki 
Published: June 2021

The outbreak of COVID 19 has locked down entire country and created a crisis situation. It compelled all Educational Institutions to close down. To keep teaching-learning process continuing, massive shift is being observed from physical classrooms to virtual classrooms. Language plays a key role in learning. Hence meaningful language learning is a must. Creating a conducive learning environment to teach languages effectively online, necessitates the use of virtual classroom by Language Teachers. However, it may create various challenges, unless the mindset of the teachers is positive and ready to adapt to new situations. Present study aims to find out challenges faced by the language teachers and their adaptability towards online teaching during COVID pandemic. The researcher used descriptive survey method. The sample of the study included 51 language teachers teaching at college level in the state of Maharashtra. The sampling technique used was snowballing through known contacts. The tool used was questionnaire. Data was analysed through descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such percentage, mean, standard deviation, graphical representation and ‘t’ test. The findings of the study revealed that there is significant difference between the challenges faced by urban and rural language teachers. But no significant difference was found among urban and rural language teachers in adaptability towards virtual classroom teaching. Though teachers tried to adapt to online teaching voluntarily, proper training in the use of e-learning platforms, apt digital tools for language development and development of new skill set are recommended to adapt to the new normal effectively.
Impacto laboral del graduado del programa de tecnología en procesos industriales de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
Authors: Garzón-Agudelo Pedro , Benítez-García Yoneidy , Palacios-Alvarado Wlamyr 
Published: June 2021

El presente proyecto se desarrolló con el propósito evaluar el impacto laboral del programa académico tecnología en procesos industriales de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, tomando como base el análisis de la percepción académica impartida en la formación profesional. Se aplicaron instrumentos de recolección de información hacia las empresas del sector productivo de la región que mantienen vínculo con el programa académico a través de diversas modalidades de extensión, permitiendo contrastar las necesidades y expectativas demandadas por las organizaciones a nivel de competencias técnicas e integrales en su recurso humano con las habilidades demostradas por los graduados del programa académico. Se determinó que la inserción laboral en los graduados de programa se ve afectada por la preferencia que tienen éstos de continuar su formación en el ciclo profesional de Ingeniería. Así mismo se pudo establecer que gran parte de las Organizaciones del sector productivo de la región identifican a los graduados del programa de Tecnología en Procesos Industriales por su buen desempeño laboral medido desde la existencia de habilidades transversales. Finalmente se estableció un plan de acción que describe oportunidades de mejora en los procesos de docencia, a fin de mejorar continuamente la armonía entre las competencias de los nuevos graduados y las necesidades de la sociedad en el ámbito regional