bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Characterization of Ion‐Imprinted Polymer for Arsenic Species Removal From Aqueous Solution
Authors: Abu Samah Nurlin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractArsenic (As) contamination is a global issue, especially in As‐rich geological formations. In this study, an ion‐imprinted polymer (As(III)‐IIP) is synthesized and characterized in terms of kinetic modeling and application via solid phase extraction (SPE). As is detected by using the inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer (ICP‐MS). The surface study is also included in this study, in which the differences between non‐imprinted polymer (NIP) and As(III)‐IIP before and after sorption are observed via field electron scanning electron microscope (FESEM). As a result, As(III)‐IIP follows the pseudo‐second‐order of reaction in kinetics and reaches 95% within 5 min of removal. In FESEM micrographs, As(III)‐IIP shows the particles on the surface are likely homogenous compared to NIP. Whereas As(III)‐IIP after sorption is much more likely bigger than the original As(III)‐IIP due to the expansion of particles during agitation in an aqueous solution. In the first cycle, 99.53% ± 0.45% of removal in real wastewater analysis is obtained via SPE. However, for the second cycle onwards, the removal is not removed totally, which shows that a new combination of eluent is required. In conclusion, As(III)‐IIP shows good potential as a sorbent to be used for the removal of As from wastewater.
Properties of Pineapple Leaf Fiber (PALF) Reinforced Polypropylene (PP) Composites
Authors: Salim Nurjannah , Johari Fatin Nursyafiqah , Roslan Rasidi , Abu Bakar Nurul Huda , Abu Samah Nurlin , Kabeb Siti Maznah , Sarmin Siti Noorbaini 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPineapple leaf fiber (PALF) is an abundant natural fiber that is produced from agricultural plantations in Malaysia. Typically, after three times the pineapple yield, pineapple leaf waste is burned, which can cause an environmental issue. PALF has the potential to be converted into fiber‐reinforced composites. PALF surpasses other natural fibers in terms of mechanical characteristics due to its high specific strength. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of different PALF fiber loadings on PALF/polypropylene (PP) composite properties. The sample of composites is fabricated with three different PALF fiber loadings (0 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%). The fabrication is made using an extruder and injection molding techniques. The PALF/PP composite properties are then investigated based on thermal, mechanical, water absorption, and morphological properties. The results found that PALF/PP composites are high in thermal resistance. A comparison of the experimental values for the tensile strength shows that the tensile strength increases with the increase in PALF loading. The study also found that PP, PP/PALF 5%wt, and PP/PALF 10%wt composites absorbed less water. Overall, the prepared PALF/PP composites can withstand high temperatures and have high mechanical strength. The composites also exhibit low water absorption, which is a good criterion for paneling products such as furniture and decorative panels.
Improved Dielectric Characteristics of PVA–BiFeO3–Polystyrene 2% Divinyl Benzene Composites
Authors: Dubey Pragya , Chakroborty Subhendu , Moharana Srikanta , Jain Ritesh , Yadav Tarun , Malviya Jitendra , Nath Nibedita , Barik Arundhati 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, the dielectric performances of PVA–BFO–PDB composite films are evaluated. The composites are synthesized by a solution casting technique. These composite material exhibits a significantly elevated dielectric constant and reduced dielectric loss. This composite material is synthesized by blending polyvinyl alcohol as the polymer matrix with bismuth ferrite (BFO) and polystyrene 2% divinylbenzene (PDB) as fillers. The dielectric characteristics of composite films consisting of PVA, BFO, and PDB are examined over a broad frequency range and varying weight percentages of PDB at room temperature. The PVA–BFO–PDB composite films show a high dielectric constant (≈91) with a dielectric loss factor of approximately <1 at 102 Hz when the PDB content is at 10 wt%. The synthesized PVA composites with improved dielectric performance find their application in potential energy storage devices.
Assessing the Ecological Effects of Imidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate and Morpholinium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquids on Mixed Culture Growth
Authors: Rahman Nurul Aliaa , Abdullah Syamsul Bahari , Zain Salwanis Md. , Samsudin Ahmad Salihin , Omar Suhaila , Bustam Mohamad Azmi , Rahman Roshanida A. , Idris Alamin , Yussof Hafizuddin Wan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNowadays, ionic liquids (ILs) have extensive applications in biotechnology and are classified as green solvents. However, there are significant concerns over the effect of ILs on microorganism growth, especially towards mixed microorganisms. This study sets out to investigate the effect of synthesized ILs, particularly imidazolium hydrogen sulfate [IM][HSO4] and morpholinium tetrafluoroborate [MOR][BF4], towards mixed culture microorganisms, mainly identified as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Pseudallescheria boydii. The toxicity effect of both ILs is assessed through the disk diffusion method. Moreover, the ecological effects of mixed culture growth on ILs are analyzed by conducting the growth inhibition test in fermentation liquid media. This study reveals that the growth of mixed culture microorganisms started to decline after 4 and 5 h of injecting the [IM][HSO4] and [MOR][BF4], respectively. This shows that mixed culture microorganisms have a longstanding growth and the least inhibition effect after being exposed to [MOR][BF4] rather than [IM][HSO4]. Similar findings are observed regarding the inhibitory effects, with [MOR][BF4] showing a smaller inhibition zone compared to [IM][HSO4]. This finding clearly indicates that imidazolium based ILs are more toxic than morpholinium based ILs. The present study lays the groundwork for further experimental investigation on [MOR][BF4] towards mixed culture microorganisms through the structural characteristics, explicitly focusing on using ILs without the alkyl chain.
Viability of the Proposed Alternative Refrigerants as Future Refrigerants
Authors: Usman Abdullahi , Priyadarshini Saigeeta , Mishra Akanksha , Singh Pramod K , Adam Ahmad Muhammad , Payal Himanshu , Noor I. M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlobally, the need of future refrigerant is becoming important to save the environment owing to the increase of urbanization and industrialization. The rate of accumulation of greenhouse gasses (GHG) from refrigerants depends on the rate of increase in urbanization and industrialization. However, the candidature of different classes of refrigerants to the stage of future refrigerants has been hindered by different challenges. Hence, the developments achieved in eliminating the various challenges has been studied through literature and the viability status of those classes of refrigerants has been improvised on the basis of green refrigeration, thermodynamic properties, performances and system design approaches. This paper reviews viability of most recently proposed refrigerants as future refrigerants. Hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) is the most viable class of refrigerants because of improvements noted in the challenges that hinder its future scope. Carbon dioxide (R‐744) has also a viable scope of future refrigerants under controlled operating condition. In addition to that for ultra low temperature (ULT) refrigeration system, R‐170, R‐1132a, and R41 have been considered as most viable refrigerants.
Polymer Materials in Daily Life: Classification, Applications, Recent Developments, and Future Prospects
Authors: Sharma Sandhya , Sarangi Pradeepta Kumar , Sahoo Ashok Kumar 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPolymer materials are an important part of everyday life, it is imperative to examine their properties, diverse applications, and their impact on the life of an individual. Polymers are vital in daily experiences from medical devices to household items. This study explores the characteristics of polymers that make them useful for various applications, emphasizing their adaptability, robustness, and affordability. The environmental aspects of polymer consumption are also covered, covering the difficulties and developments in sustainable polymer development. All things considered, this study clarifies the crucial part of polymer materials that play in improving and forming the standard of daily lives. This study also aims to find the recent as well as future developments in the field of polymers.
Fiberglass Interwoven Substrate Laminated Penta‐Band Microstrip Antenna
Authors: Banda Yamiko Daniel , Yadav Anupam Kumar , Singh Sandeep Kumar , Saran Tripurari , Savilov Serguei V. , Yahya M.Z.A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis work describes the design and characterization of a compact rectangular microstrip patch antenna for pentaband applications, including antenna geometry optimization and feedline alignment. The design uses flame‐retarded woven fiberglass (FR‐4) substrate material with circular slits on a rectangular radiating stub for broad impedance bandwidth. Antenna‐2 proposes penta‐band applications in Wi‐MAX (3.5 GHz, 3.4–3.69), WLAN (5.2 GHz, 5.15–5.35), 5G (3.5–6.0 GHz), C‐band (4.0–8.0 GHz), and 6G (7.0–20 GHz; mid‐band) current wireless communications. The suggested antenna has good impedance matching and low reflection power loss across the important frequencies, according to S‐parameter |S11| measurements. This means microwave frequency applications can transmit and receive efficiently.
Application of Angelica archangelica Phytomaterials as Inhibitors of SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease Receptor
Authors: Kumari Ruchi , Singh Yogita , Shahid Misbah , Jain Preeti 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe proteins N and M, 3′‐5′ exoribonuclease (nsp14), viral proteases, and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) are required for different stages of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) viral replication. For many antiviral therapies, these are thus desirable targets. Due to the primary protease's differences from human proteases, it is thought to be a suitable therapeutic target. Phytochemicals with antiviral characteristics are possible strong weapons in the fight against SAR‐CoV‐2. Coumarins are one type of phytochemical found in Angelica archangelica L. that can possibly be utilized to produce an alternative natural antiviral molecule. Forty‐six bioactive phytochemicals selected from A. archangelica therapeutic plant are found to have an antiviral effect against SARS‐CoV‐2 protease. From the screened compounds, terpinen‐4‐ol and coniferyl ferulate exhibit strong molecular bonding interaction in molecular docking study with the binding energies (−8.82) to (−10.11) kcal mol−1 against main protease receptor protein (pdb id: 6lu7 and 6w63) of SARS‐CoV‐2, individually. The major mode of binding is H‐bonding majorly with the participation of dynamic spot catalytic residue HIS‐41 and CYS‐145. Coniferyl ferulate has a maximum binding energy of −10.11 and −11.23 kcal mol−1 in complexation along the proteases receptor (6lu7 and 6w63). Coniferyl ferulate is a stronger COVID‐19 inhibitor, which ought to be investigated as a potential therapeutic target for this virus.
Biodegradable Polymeric Nanocomposite for Wound Healing Application
Authors: Tiwari Seema , Jain Nidhi , Bhosle Sonali , Ganure K. A. , Chandola Mridula 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor the application of various substances to wounds, it is appealing to discover a bearer material that is moderately modest in terms of medicinal behavior and gets effectively connected to the injury and helps as a decent transporter for medicaments without disturbing its property of biodegradability. In this work biodegradable composites consisting of chitosan, sodium alginate (SA), and gelatin with neem extract are synthesized. XRD, FTIR, and SEM analysis are used to characterize these polymeric films. Chitosan can be spread as a gel layer on the wound along with other biodegradable wound‐healing material with their antimicrobial and antibacterial properties for effective healing.
CircST6GALNAC6 Inhibits Glycolysis of Bladder Cancer by Regulating PRKN/HK1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zuo Yali , Ren Da , He Haiqing , Huang Changkun , Zhu Xuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBladder cancer (BCa) is an aggressive malignancy of urinary system. Aerobic glycolysis refers to the phenomenon wherein cancer cells increase glucose consumption and produce lactic acid. Our study focused on the role and mechanism of circST6GALNAC6 in BCa glycolysis. The 24 h glucose intake was detected using flow cytometry. Lactic acid and ATP were detected in BCa cells utilizing commercially provided kits. Extracellular acidification rate was measured using Seahorse XF‐96p Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Cell proliferation was determined using colony formation assay. RNA immunoprecipitation and co‐immunoprecipitation experiments were adopted to validate molecular interactions. BALB/C nude mice were utilized to establish xenograft tumor model. CircST6GALNAC6 was decreased in BCa cells, and overexpression of circST6GALNAC6 inhibited glycolysis and proliferation of BCa cells. Additionally, overexpression of circST6GALNAC6 promoted the degradation of glycolytic regulatory protein HK1 and decreased its expression, and PRKN facilitated ubiquitination‐related degradation of HK1. CircST6GALNAC6 enhanced the mRNA stability and expression of PRKN by recruiting FUS. Furthermore, the inhibitory impact of circST6GALNAC6 overexpression on glycolysis in BCa cells was reversed by PRKN knockdown. Finally, overexpression of circST6GALNAC6 suppressed tumor growth through increasing PRKN in nude mice. CircST6GALNAC6 suppressed glycolysis in BCa through FUS/PRKN/HK1 axis. Targeting circST6GALNAC6 holds promise as a novel approach for treating BCa.
Exosomes: a double‐edged sword in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Jiayi , Hu Siyuan , Liu Jiayi , Jiang Hao , Wang Simiao , Yang Zhaogang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOver the past few decades, immunotherapy has emerged as a powerful strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional cancer treatments. The use of extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes, which carry cargoes capable of modulating the immune response, has been extensively explored as a potential therapeutic approach in cancer immunotherapy. Exosomes can deliver their cargo to target cells, thereby influencing their phenotype and immunomodulatory functions. They exhibit either immunosuppressive or immune‐activating characteristics, depending on their internal contents. These exosomes originate from diverse cell sources, and their internal contents can vary, suggesting that there may be a delicate balance between immune suppression and stimulation when utilizing them for immunotherapy. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of exosomes in cancer progression is essential. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms driving exosome function and their impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the intricate balance between immune suppression and activation that must be navigated in exosome‐based therapies. Additionally, it underscores the challenges and ongoing efforts to optimize exosome‐based immunotherapies, thereby making a significant contribution to the advancement of cancer immunotherapy research.
Early Feeding After Free Flap Reconstruction for Oral Cavity Cancer: A Single Institution Retrospective Review
Authors: Barlow Joshua , Little Christine , Chennareddy Susmita , Ferrandino Rocco , Kappauf Catharine , Kotz Tamar , Berger Michael , Kirke Diana N. , Teng Marita S. , Genden Eric M. , Khan Mohemmed N. , Roof Scott A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivePatients undergoing free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity have traditionally received nothing by mouth for 6–14 days postoperatively to limit the risk of wound complications. Growing evidence suggests that initiation of oral intake may not increase the morbidity. This study further investigates the utility of “early feeding.”MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a large, urban tertiary healthcare system. Patients who underwent free flap reconstruction for oral cavity cancer between June 1, 2020, and October 31, 2022, were grouped as early feeding (oral intake on or before Postoperative Day 5) or late feeding (LF) (oral intake after Postoperative Day 5). Outcomes included rate of orocutaneous fistula, development of other local or systemic complications, and hospital length of stay (LOS).ResultsSixty six patients were studied, with 26 belonging to the LF group and 40 to the early feeding (EF) group. The LF group was significantly older (median age 64.5 vs. 80 years, p = 0.027) and more likely to have a defect extending beyond the oral cavity (25.0% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.037). No significant differences were found in orocutaneous fistula formation between the LF and EF groups (7.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.152), but the rate of total complications was significantly higher in the LF group (38.5% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.014). LOS was significantly longer in the LF group (12.5 vs. 6 days, p < 0.001).ConclusionThese findings suggest that in the correctly suggested patient population, early postoperative oral intake may facilitate earlier hospital discharge without increasing the risk of postoperative complications.
Applying deep generative model in plan review of intensity modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Huang Peng , Shang Jiawen , Fan Yuhan , Chang Zhixing , Xu Yingjie , Zhang Ke , Hu Zhihui , Dai Jianrong , Yan Hui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundPlan review is critical for safely delivering radiation dose to a patient under radiotherapy and mainly performed by medical physicist in routine clinical practice. Recently, the deep‐learning models have been used to assist this manual process. As black‐box models the reason for their predictions are unknown. Thus, it is important to improve the model interpretability to make them more reliable for clinical deployment.PurposeTo alleviate this issue, a deep generative model, adversarial autoencoder networks (AAE), was employed to automatically detect anomalies in intensity‐modulated radiotherapy plans.MethodsThe typical plan parameters (collimator position, gantry angle, monitor unit, etc.) were collected to form a feature vector for the training sample. The reconstruction error was the difference between the output and input of the model. Based on the distribution of reconstruction errors of the training samples, a detection threshold was determined. For a test plan, its reconstruction error obtained by the learned model was compared with the threshold to determine its category (anomaly or regular). The model was tested with four network settings. It was also compared with the vanilla AE and the other six classic models. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) along with other statistical metrics was employed for evaluation.ResultsThe AAE model achieved the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.997). The AUCs of the other seven classic methods are 0.935 (AE), 0.981 (K‐means), 0.896 (principle component analysis), 0.978 (one‐class support vector machine), 0.934 (local outlier factor), and 0.944 (hierarchical density‐based spatial clustering of applications with noise), and 0.882 (isolation forest). This indicates that AAE model could detect more anomalous plans with less false positive rate.ConclusionsThe AAE model can effectively detect anomaly in radiotherapy plans for lung cancer patients. Comparing with the vanialla AE and other classic detection models, the AAE model is more accurate and transparent. The proposed AAE model can improve the interpretability of the results for radiotherapy plan review.
Simulation parameter matrix capture and validation of a composite continuous damage model in LS‐DYNA
Authors: Sui Zehuan , Wang Fusheng , Song Tong , Zhang Hanghua , Chen Yajun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, the acquisition and validation of the high‐performance carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite continuous damage model MAT_261 parameter matrix in LS‐DYNA were investigated to achieve the accuracy of finite element modeling. Through experiments and single element tests, the key parameters were systematically sorted out and captured. Then, the shell element model of composite laminate was established and the parameter matrix was further verified by the drop‐weight impact test. The results show that the fracture toughness of longitudinal tension/compression and transverse tension/compression are 453.89, 114.44, 0.53, and 7.52 kJ/m2, respectively. Under the impact energy of 100, 150, 200 J, the load–displacement curves obtained by using MAT_261 are in good agreement with the actual test results. The peak load error is 2.80%, 1.38% and 1.12%, respectively. As a result, the verified MAT_261 simulation parameter matrix can accurately predict the damage failure behavior of CFRP laminates under dynamic impact.Highlights
LS‐DYNA material model MAT_261 parameter matrix was accurately captured.
The testing and validation process of important parameters was established.
Intralaminar fracture toughness were obtained by double‐edge notched tests.
The peak load errors of the impact simulation results were less than 3%.
The prediction of impact results of CFRP laminates is reliable and efficient.
Mathematical method for describing the dynamic wear coefficient of FRP‐cemented carbide couple during continuous relative sliding
Authors: Zhang Boyu , Zhang Canbao , Sun Kai , Kong Lingman , Tian Bo , Chang Meng , Jian Xigao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn edge trimming of fiber reinforced plastic composites (FRPs), the friction couple consisting of the cemented carbide tool and FRP undergoes continuous relative sliding. The tribological properties, represented by the wear coefficient, change dynamically with the relative motion distance and varying temperature‐force conditions. Its value must be accurately determined to establish a solid foundation for developing advanced tool wear models. This paper presents a new method to mathematically describe such dynamic wear coefficient. The basic variation pattern is represented by a piecewise function, which includes a descending stage followed by a stable stage. The key function coefficients are correlated with varying temperature‐force conditions through a machine learning model. The results suggest that the wear coefficient generally exhibits a positive correlation with both normal force and temperature, as the increase in these factors accelerates the detachment of carbide particles. Furthermore, the wear coefficient of the friction couple containing FRP with better heat resistance increases at a faster rate with temperature, as the FRP with stable properties can more efficiently remove carbide particles from the softened cemented carbide surface in high‐temperature range. This work provides a crucial foundation for improving tool wear models from the perspective of scientifically adjusting the wear coefficient.Highlights
A piecewise function is defined to describe variation pattern of wear coeff.
Non‐constant function coefficients are determined by machine learning modeling.
The variation in detachment rate of carbide particles causes changes in wear coeff.
The wear coeff. generally increases with the normal force and the temperature.
The heat resistance of the FRP affects rising rate of wear coeff. with temperature.