bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Panel Reactive Antibodies and Different Desensitization Methods on Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Outcomes
Authors: Akinci Burcu , Akçay Arzu , Demir Yenigürbüz Fatma , Atay Didem , Öztürk Gülyüz 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
In highly sensitized patients who have panel reactive antibodies (PRAs) before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, primary graft failure risk may increase. In this study, we aimed to determine the association of PRA with engraftment, and graft versus host disease (GVHD) in pediatric patients.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-three PRA-positive and 42 PRA-negative patients were taken into study. Both groups were compared in terms of graft failure, acute GVHD, viral infection and survival rates. PRA-positive group was also divided into 2 according to treatment modality (steroid-only group/combination therapy) and compared for the same parameters.

Results:
There was no difference in PRA-positive and negative patients in terms of graft failure, acute GVHD and viral infections. Analysis of the PRA-positive group in itself showed that there was also no difference in terms of graft failure and viral infection frequency. The only difference is that acute grade 3 to 4 GVHD was higher in the steroid-only group. The 100-day overall survival was 90.2% and 90.4% for the PRA-positive and negative groups, respectively.

Conclusions:
Different treatment strategies like plasmapheresis, steroid, rituximab, or combination therapies can be used for the desensitization of PRA-positive patients before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Patient-specific treatment modality for sensitized patients before transplant can increase the success rate.
The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Techniques for the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Zamboni Lorenzo , Centoni Francesco , Fusina Francesca , Mantovani Elisa , Rubino Francesca , Lugoboni Fabio , Federico Angela 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by a recurrent and maladaptive use of drugs and/or alcohol. Cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs) comprise different types of interventions: traditional CBT and the more recent “third wave” behavior therapies, such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and schema therapy (ST). We searched English-language articles published between 2014 and present. This review includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, pilot studies, and reviews of CBTs for SUDs available on PubMed. Results seem to indicate that CBT and MBCT are effective interventions for SUDs; however, the studies showed a high degree of heterogeneity, so no exhaustive conclusions could be outlined at this time. ACT and DBT in SUD management are limited to few studies and results are therefore inconclusive.
Client and Clinical Utility of the Assessment of Personality Disorders
Authors: Weekers Laura C. , Hutsebaut Joost , Kamphuis Jan H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Clinical utility and client utility are important desirable properties when developing and evaluating a new classification system for mental disorders. This study reports on four focus groups followed up by a Delphi study among clinicians working with clients with personality disorders (PD) and clients with PD themselves to harness both user groups' perspectives on the utility of PD diagnosis. Our findings show that the client and clinician views of the concept of utility were closely aligned and include aspects of transparency of communication and the ability of an assessment to enhance hope, curiosity, motivation, and insight into a client's personality patterns. Unique to clinicians' appraisal was the ability of an assessment to capture both vulnerabilities and resilience of clients and to give information about the prognosis in treatment. Unique to clients' appraisal was the ability of an assessment to be destigmatizing and collaborative. These findings may serve to expand our definition and measurement of clinical utility, in that collaborative and nonstigmatizing procedures likely promote client acceptability. To capture both aspects, we offer two preliminary questionnaires (i.e., item sets open to further empirical testing) based on the data derived from the Delphi procedure.
Nursing Faculty Workload
Authors: Ludwig-Beymer Patti , Vottero Beth , Coates Annette , Blodgett Nicole , Rogers Julia , McGonigal-Kenney Meghan 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Nursing faculty and nursing program administrators share the goal of equitable faculty workload. Faculty teaching assignments and other academic workload can affect productivity and faculty satisfaction.

Problem:
Models for workload calculation need to account for multiple factors including mission, faculty position and rank, faculty expertise, and financial resources. The nursing faculty shortage, organizational structure, and fluctuations in student volumes further complicate achievement of a balanced workload model.

Approach:
A task force identified existing parameters for workload and assessed faculty satisfaction and teaching assignment preferences at a Midwest metropolitan university college of nursing.

Outcomes:
A new workload model was developed and accepted. The work highlighted course load expectations, financial realities, and negotiations between nursing faculty and nursing program administrators.

Conclusions:
Lessons learned suggest considering the academic year overall rather than each semester separately and reaffirm the importance of continual, clear communications between nursing faculty and nursing program administrators.
A Review Electroconvulsive Therapy in Cochlear Implant Patients
Authors: Albertsen Laerke Noergaard , Lauridsen Jesper Krogh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in cochlear implant (CI) users is debatable. Currently, no consensus statement exists about the safety for the patients and the implants. Here, we present a summary of the existing literature on ECT in CI users, consisting of 4 case reports and a cadaveric study. No harm to the patients or the CIs was reported. Based on our review, we have found no evidence to indicate that ECT in CI users is contraindicated.
Decision-making Capacity for Treatment After Electroconvulsive Therapy for Depression
Authors: Loughran Orlaith , Finnegan Martha , Dud Iulia , Galligan Toni , Kennedy Miriam , McLoughlin Declan M. 
Published: October 2021

Objectives
Depression can impair decision-making capacity (DMC) for health care decisions. However, it is unclear whether DMC improves after treatments for depression such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). There is limited evidence available on DMC for treatment in patients with depression referred for ECT, and it is unknown whether ECT has any impact on DMC. We hypothesized that ECT will improve DMC in severely depressed patients and that this change will be associated with reduced depressive symptom severity.

Methods
Using the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool—Treatment, 4 abilities related to DMC were evaluated: Understanding, Appreciation, Reasoning, and Expressing a choice. This prospective study compared DMC abilities, depression severity, and cognition scores in 24 patients hospitalized with a major depressive episode before and 3 to 5 days after a course of ECT.

Results
Although Understanding scores significantly improved after ECT (P = 0.004, r = 0.41), there was no change in other abilities related to DMC or cognition scores. As expected, there was a large improvement in mood ratings after ECT, but the change in DMC abilities was not associated with change in depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide data on the effects of ECT on DMC in patients with depression. Abilities related to DMC that may be affected in this group before treatment include Understanding and Reasoning. Findings indicate that DMC to consent to treatment mostly does not change after a course of ECT and some aspects can improve in patients with depression.
Practices, norms, and aspirations regarding the construction, validation, and reuse of code sets in the analysis of real-world data
Authors: Gold Sigfried , Lehmann Harold , Schilling Lisa , Lutters Wayne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveCode sets play a central role in analytic work with clinical data warehouses, as components of phenotype, cohort, or analytic variable algorithms representing specific clinical phenomena. Code set quality has received critical attention and repositories for sharing and reusing code sets have been seen as a way to improve quality and reduce redundant effort. Nonetheless, concerns regarding code set quality persist. In order to better understand ongoing challenges in code set quality and reuse, and address them with software and infrastructure recommendations, we determined it was necessary to learn how code sets are constructed and validated in real-world settings.MethodsSurvey and field study using semi-structured interviews of a purposive sample of code set practitioners. Open coding and thematic analysis on interview transcripts, interview notes, and answers to open-ended survey questions.ResultsThirty-six respondents completed the survey, of whom 15 participated in follow-up interviews. We found great variability in the methods, degree of formality, tools, expertise, and data used in code set construction and validation. We found universal agreement that crafting high-quality code sets is difficult, but very different ideas about how this can be achieved and validated. A primary divide exists between those who rely on empirical techniques using patient-level data and those who only rely on expertise and semantic data. We formulated a method- and process-based model able to account for observed variability in formality, thoroughness, resources, and techniques.ConclusionOur model provides a structure for organizing a set of recommendations to facilitate reuse based on metadata capture during the code set development process. It classifies validation methods by the data they depend on — semantic, empirical, and derived — as they are applied over a sequence of phases: (1) code collection; (2) code evaluation; (3) code set evaluation; (4) code set acceptance; and, optionally, (5) reporting of methods used and validation results. This schematization of real-world practices informs our analysis of and response to persistent challenges in code set development. Potential re-users of existing code sets can find little evidence to support trust in their quality and fitness for use, particularly when reusing a code set in a new study or database context. Rather than allowing code set sharing and reuse to remain separate activities, occurring before and after the main action of code set development, sharing and reuse must permeate every step of the process in order to produce reliable evidence of quality and fitness for use.
Variant location is a novel risk factor for individuals with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy due to a desmoplakin (DSP) truncating variant
Authors: Hoorntje Edgar T. , Burns Charlotte , Marsili Luisa , Corden Ben , Parikh Victoria N. , te Meerman Gerard J. , Gray Belinda , Adiyaman Ahmet , Bagnall Richard D. , Barge-Schaapveld Daniela Q.C.M. , van den Berg Maarten P. , Bootsma Marianne , Bosman Laurens P. , Correnti Gemma , Duflou Johan , Eppinga Ruben N. , Fatkin Diane , Fietz Michael , Haan Eric , Jongbloed Jan D.H. , Hauer Arnaud D. , Lam Lien , van Lint Freyja H.M. , Lota Amrit , Marcelis Carlo , McCarthy Hugh J. , van Mil Anneke M. , Oldenburg Rogier A. , Pachter Nicholas , Planken R. Nils , Reuter Chloe , Semsarian Christopher , van der Smagt Jasper J. , Thompson Tina , Vohra Jitendra , Volders Paul G.A. , van Waning Jaap I. , Whiffin Nicola , van den Wijngaard Arthur , Amin Ahmad S. , Wilde Arthur A.M. , van Woerden Gijs , Yeates Laura , Zentner Dominica , Ashley Euan A. , Wheeler Matthew T. , Ware James S. , van Tintelen J. Peter , Ingles Jodie 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundTruncating variants in desmoplakin (DSPtv) are an important cause of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), however the genetic architecture and genotype-specific risk factors are incompletely understood. We evaluated phenotype, risk factors for ventricular arrhythmias, and underlying genetics ofDSPtv cardiomyopathy.MethodsIndividuals withDSPtv and any cardiac phenotype, and their gene-positive family members were included from multiple international centers. Clinical data and family history information were collected. Event-free survival from ventricular arrhythmia was assessed. Variant location was compared between cases and controls, and literature review of reportedDSPtv performed.ResultsThere were 98 probands and 72 family members (mean age at diagnosis 43 ± 18 years, 59% female) with aDSPtv, of which 146 were considered clinically affected. Ventricular arrhythmia (sudden cardiac arrest, sustained ventricular tachycardia, appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy) occurred in 56 (33%) individuals.DSPtv location and proband status were independent risk factors for ventricular arrhythmia, while prior risk factors showed no association. Further, gene region was important with variants in cases (cohort n=98, Clinvar n=168) more likely to occur in the regions resulting in nonsense mediated decay of both majorDSPisoforms, compared to n=124 gnomAD control variants (148 [83.6%] versus 29 [16.4%], p<0.0001).ConclusionsIn the largest series of individuals withDSPtv, we demonstrate variant location is a novel risk factor for ventricular arrhythmia, can inform variant interpretation, and provide critical insights to allow precision-based clinical management.
From Feasibility to Utility: A Meta-Analysis of Amygdala-Neurofeedback
Authors: Goldway Noam , Jalon Itamar , Keynan Jackob N , Hellrung Lydia , Horstmann Annette , Paret Christian , Hendler Talma 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAmygdala dysregulation is core to multiple psychiatric disorders. Real-time fMRI enables Amygdala self-modulation through NeuroFeedback (NF).Despite a surge in Amygdala-NF studies, a systematic quantification of self-modulation is lacking. Amygdala-NF dissemination is further restricted by absence of unifying framework dictating design choices and insufficient understanding of neural changes underlying successful self-modulation.The current meta-analysis of Amygdala-NF literature found that real-time feedback facilitates learned self-modulation more than placebo. Intriguingly, while we found that variability in design choices could be explained by the targeted domain, this was rarely highlighted by authors. Lastly, reanalysis of six fMRI data-sets (n=151), revealed that successful Amygdala down-modulation is coupled with deactivation of posterior insula and Default-Mode-Network major nodes, pointing to regulation related processes.While findings point to Amygdala self-modulation as a learned skill that could modify brain functionality, further placebo-controlled trials are necessary to prove clinical efficacy. We further suggest that studies should explicitly target neuro-behavioral domain, design studies accordingly and include ‘target engagement’ measures. We exemplify this idea through a ‘process-based’ NF approach for PTSD.
Evaluating Visual Photoplethysmography Method
Authors: de Deus Luis Felipe , Sehgal Nikhil , Talukdar Debjyoti 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTRegular monitoring of common physiological signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation, can be an effective way to either prevent or detect many kinds of chronic conditions. In particular, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a worldwide concern. According to the World Health Organization, 32% of all deaths worldwide are from CVDs. In addition, stress-related issues cost $190 billion in healthcare costs per year. Currently, contact devices are required to extract most of an individual’s physiological information, which can be uncomfortable for users and can cause discomfort. However, in recent years, remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) technology is gaining growing interest, which enables contactless monitoring of the blood volume pulse signal using a regular camera, and ultimately can provide the same physiological information as a contact device. In this paper, we propose a benchmark comparison using a new multimodal database consisting of 56 subjects where each subject was submitted to three different tasks. Each subject wore a wearable device capable of extracting photoplethysmography signals and was filmed to allow simultaneous rPPG signal extraction. Several experiments were conducted, including a comparison between information from contact and remote signals and stress state recognition. Results have shown that in this dataset, rPPG signals were capable of dealing with motion artifacts better than contact PPG sensors and overall had better quality if compared to the signals from the contact sensor. Moreover, the statistical analysis of the variance method had shown that at least two HRV features, NNi 20 and SAMPEN were capable of differentiating between Stress and Non-Stress states. In addition, three features, IBI, NNi 20, and SAMPEN were capable of differentiating between tasks relating to different levels of difficulty. Furthermore, using machine learning to classify a ‘stressed’ or ‘unstressed’ state, the models were able to achieve an accuracy score of 83.11%.
Challenges at the APOE locus: A robust quality control approach for accurate APOE genotyping
Authors: Belloy Michael E. , Eger Sarah J. , Guen Yann Le , Damotte Vincent , Ahmad Shahzad , Ikram M. Arfan , Ramirez Alfredo , Tsolaki Anthoula C. , Rossi Giacomina , Jansen Iris E. , de Rojas Itziar , Parveen Kayenat , Sleegers Kristel , Ingelsson Martin , Hiltunen Mikko , Amin Najaf , Andreassen Ole , Sánchez-Juan Pascual , Kehoe Patrick , Amouyel Philippe , Sims Rebecca , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Lambert Jean-Charles ,   for the European Alzheimer DNA BioBank (EADB), He Zihuai , Han Summer S. , Napolioni Valerio , Greicius Michael D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundGenetic variants within the APOE locus may modulate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk independently or in conjunction with APOE*2/3/4 genotypes. Identifying such variants and mechanisms would importantly advance our understanding of APOE pathophysiology and provide critical guidance for AD therapies aimed at APOE. The APOE locus however remains relatively poorly understood in AD, owing to multiple challenges that include its complex linkage structure and uncertainty in APOE*2/3/4 genotype quality. Here, we present a novel APOE*2/3/4 filtering approach and showcase its relevance on AD risk association analyses for the rs439401 variant, which is located 1,801 base pairs downstream of APOE and has been associated with a potential regulatory effect on APOE.MethodsWe used thirty-two AD-related cohorts, with genetic data from various high-density single- nucleotide polymorphism microarrays, whole-genome sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing. Study participants were filtered to be ages 60 and older, non-Hispanic, of European ancestry, and diagnosed as cognitively normal or AD (n=65,701). Primary analyses investigated AD risk in APOE*4/4 carriers. Additional supporting analyses were performed in APOE*3/4 and 3/3 strata. Outcomes were compared under two different APOE*2/3/4 filtering approachesResultsUsing more conventional APOE*2/3/4 filtering criteria (approach 1), we showed that, when in- phase with APOE*4, rs439401 was variably associated with protective effects on AD case-control status. However, when applying a novel filter that increases certainty of the APOE*2/3/4 genotypes by applying more stringent criteria for concordance between the provided APOE genotype and imputed APOE genotype (approach 2), we observed that all significant effects were lost.ConclusionsWe showed that careful consideration of APOE genotype and appropriate sample filtering were crucial to robustly interrogate the role of the APOE locus on AD risk. Our study presents a novel APOE filtering approach and provides important guidelines for research into the APOE locus, as well as for elucidating genetic interaction effects with APOE*2/3/4.
Translational Modeling Identifies Synergy between Nanoparticle-Delivered miRNA-22 and Standard-of-Care Drugs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Dogra Prashant , Ramírez Javier Ruiz , Butner Joseph D. , Peláez Maria J. , Chung Caroline , Hooda-Nehra Anupama , Pasqualini Renata , Arap Wadih , Cristini Vittorio , Calin George A. , Ozpolat Bulent , Wang Zhihui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe downregulation of miRNA-22 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with upregulation of eukaryotic elongation 2 factor kinase (eEF2K) protein, which regulates tumor growth, chemoresistance, and tumor immunosurveillance. Moreover, exogenous administration of miRNA-22, loaded in nanoparticles to prevent degradation and improve tumor delivery (termed miRNA-22 nanotherapy), to suppress eEF2K production has shown potential as an investigational therapeutic agentin vivo. To evaluate the translational potential of miRNA-22 nanotherapy, we developed a multiscale mechanistic model, calibrated to publishedin vivodata and extrapolated to the human scale, to describe and quantify the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of miRNA-22 in virtual patient populations. Our analysis revealed the dose-response relationship, suggested optimal treatment frequency for miRNA-22 nanotherapy, and highlighted key determinants of therapy response, from which combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors was identified as a candidate strategy for improving treatment outcomes. More importantly, drug synergy was identified between miRNA-22 and standard-of-care drugs for TNBC, providing a basis for rational therapeutic combinations for improved response.
Topology-Aware Optimisation of Vaccination Strategy for Minimising Virus Spreading
Authors: Guzzi Pietro Hiram , Petrizzelli Francesco , Mazza Tommaso 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVaccination is currently the primary way for mitigating the COVID-19 out-break without severe lockdown. Despite its importance, the available number of vaccines worldwide is insufficient, and the production rates are hard to be increased in a short time. Therefore, vaccination needs to follow strict prioritization criteria. In this regard, almost all countries have prioritized similar classes of exposed workers: healthcare professionals and the elderly obtaining to maximize the survival of patients and years of life saved. Nevertheless, the virus is currently spreading at high rates, and any prioritization criterion so far adopted did not show to account for the topology of the contact networks. We consider that a network in which nodes are people while the edges represent their contacts may model the virus’s spreading efficiently. In such a model, it is already known that spreading may be efficiently stopped by disconnecting the network, i.e., by vaccinating more central or relevant nodes, therefore, eliminating “bridge edges”. Consequently, we introduce such a model and discuss the use of a topology-aware versus an age-based vaccination strategy.