bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target Occupancy Study and Whole-Body Dosimetry With a MAGL PET Ligand 11C-PF-06809247 in Non-Human Primates
Authors: Arakawa Ryosuke , Takano Akihiro , Nag Sangram , Jia Zhisheng , Amini Nahid , Maresca Kevin P , Zhang Lei , Keliher Edmund J , Butler Christopher R , Piro Justin R , Samad Tarek A , Smith Deborah , Nason Deane , O’Neil Steve , Trapa Patrick , Fonseca Kari R , Litchfield John , McCarthy Timothy , Carson Richard E , Halldin Christer 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is a key serine hydrolase which terminates endocannabinoid signaling and regulates arachidonic acid driven inflammatory responses within the central nervous system (CNS). To develop 11C-PF-06809247 into a clinically usable positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand, we assessed the brain target occupancy of a MAGL inhibitor using non-human primate (NHP). Additionally, we measured the whole-body distribution of 11C-PF-06809247 in NHP and estimated human effective radiation doses.
Methods
Seven cynomolgus monkeys were enrolled for brain PET measurements. Two PET measurements were performed in each NHP: one baseline and one pretreatment condition with intravenous administration of PF-06818883, a selective MAGL inhibitor, (total of seven doses between 0.01–1.27 mg/kg). Kinetic parameters K1, k2 and k3 were estimated by an irreversible two tissue compartment (2TC) model using metabolite corrected plasma radioactivity as the input function. Ki by 2TC and Patlak analysis were calculated. The target occupancy was calculated using Ki at baseline and pretreatment conditions. Two cynomolgus monkeys were enrolled for whole-body PET measurements. Estimates of the absorbed radiation dose in humans were calculated with OLINDA/EXM 1.1 using the adult male reference model.
Results
Radioactivity was decreased in all brain regions following pretreatment with PF-06818883. Occupancy was measured as 25.4%-100.5% in a dose dependent manner. Whole-body PET showed high uptake values in the liver, small intestine, kidney, and brain. The effective dose was calculated as 4.3 µSv/MBq.
Conclusion
11C-PF-06809247 is a promising PET ligand for further MAGL studies in human brain.
Clinical Effects and Safety of Different Transarterial Chemoembolization Methods for Bridging and Palliative Treatments in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mohr Isabelle , Vogeler Marie , Pfeiffenberger Jan , Sprengel Simon David , Klauss Miriam , Radeleff Boris , Teufel Andreas , Chang De-Hua , Springfeld Christoph , Longerich Thomas , Merle Uta , Mehrabi Arianeb , Weiss Karl Heinz , Mieth Markus 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: We assessed and compared clinical effects and safety endpoints of three methods of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), conventional (cTACE), with drug-eluting beads (DEB-TACE), and with degradable starch microspheres (DSM-TACE), used in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the bridging to liver transplant (LT) and the palliative setting. Methods: In our center, 148 patients with HCC underwent 492 completed TACE procedures between 2008 and 2017 (158 for bridging to LT; 334 for palliative treatment) which we analyzed retrospectively. Of these procedures, 348 were DEB-TACE, 60 cTACE, and 84 DSM-TACE. Results: The cTACE procedure revealed a significantly longer period of hospitalization (p = 0.02), increased occurrence of nausea (p = 0.025), and rise in alanine transaminase (ALT) levels (p = 0.001), especially in the palliative setting. In the bridging to LT cohort, these clinical endpoints did not reach statistical significance.Conclusions: The clinical safety of different TACE methods for HCC in both the palliative and the bridging to LT setting was equivalent. In the palliative setting, the cTACE procedure revealed an increased risk for adverse clinical effects such as nausea, elevation of ALT, and a prolonged period of hospitalization what might either be related to the systemic effects of the chemotherapeutic agent or to the differences in both collectives. Thus, further studies must be conducted on a larger number of TACE procedures to effectively explore the clinical side effects of the various TACE variants.
The Prognostic Value of Skin Involvement in Breast Cancer Patients With Chest Wall Recurrence
Authors: Zhou Danyang , Li Mei , Xu Fei , Zheng Qiufan , Lu Qianyi , Hong Ruoxi , Wang Shusen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: To assess the prognosis of skin involvement in female breast cancer patients with chest wall recurrence (CWR).Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical-pathological data of breast cancer patients with CWR who were diagnosed pathologically between January 2000 and April 2020. Progression free survival (PFS) was defined as time from diagnosis of CWR to the first disease progression. Persistent chest wall progression was three consecutive chest wall progression without distant organ involvement.Results: A total of 476 patients with CWR were included in this study. Among them, skin involvement or not was queried and confirmed in 345 patients. Skin involvement was significantly correlated to tumor size (P=0.003) and initial nodal status (P<0.001). By Kaplan-Meier analysis, skin involvement predicted a shorter PFS (P<0.001), especially local disease progression (P<0.001). Skin involvement was an independent biomarker for PFS by the multivariate analysis (P=0.034). Patients with skin involvement were more likely to experience persistent chest wall progression (P=0.040). After eliminating the potential deviation caused by insufficient follow-up time, persistent chest wall progression was more likely to be associated with positive lymph nodal status (P=0.046), negative PR (P=0.001) and positive HER2 (P=0.046) of the primary site, negative ER (P=0.027) and PR (P=0.013) of chest wall lesion and skin involvement (P=0.020).Conclusion: Skin involvement predicted poor local disease control in female breast cancer patients with CWR and it was more likely to be related to persistent chest wall progression. We improved the stratification of prognosis and provided new insights for biological behaviors of the disease and further individualized treatment in breast cancer patients with CWR.
Congenital collagenopathies increased the risk of inguinal hernia developing and repair: analysis from a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Chang Hao Han , Juan Yung Shun , Li Ching Chia , Lee Hsiang Ying , Chen Jian Han 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study is to explore whether male patients diagnosed of congenital collagen diseases had higher risk of occurrence inguinal hernia than patients who do not had these diseases.Method: Data were collected from National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan retrospectively. 1801 male patients who diagnosed of congenital collagen disease by using ICD-9 CM diagnostic code was the study cohort, and in the other hand, after propensity score matching, 6493 man without congenital collagen disease were enrolled as control group. The primary endpoint was receiving inguinal hernia repair during observation period.Result: During median 133.9 months follow-up period, the risk of inguinal hernia in collagen cohort was significantly higher than the control group (HR = 2.237, 95% CI:1.646–3.291, p < 0.001). Furthermore, this phenomenon also presented in patient younger than 18 (HR:3.040 95% CI: 1.819–5.083, p < 0.001) and in age 18–80 (HR: 1.909, 95% CI: 1.186–3.073, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Asian men, regardless of age, with congenital collagen disease are at the risk of developing inguinal hernia. Detailed physical examination and well patient education should be performed while facing these patients.
Reliability and Validity of the electronic Health Literacy Scale Among People at High Risk of Stroke in China: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: He Yu , Guo Lina , Zauszniewski Jaclene A. , Liu Yanjin , Wei Miao , Zhang Gege , Lei Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: It is of great significance for brain and heart health managers to assess the electronic health literacy of people at high risk of stroke for improving the current situation of stroke in China. Although various measuring instruments have been developed, there is still a lack of suitable tools to match the development of network.Aim: To examine the reliability and validity of the electronic Health Literacy Scale（e-HLS）among people at high risk of stroke in China, so as to provide appropriate measurement tools for brain heart health managers.Methods: A demographic questionnaire, the electronic Health Literacy Scale（e-HLS）and the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) were administered to a sample of 648 people at high risk of stroke recruited from November to December 2020 in a tertiary hospital.Results: The Cronbach’α coefficient on the e-HLS-CHI was 0.91. Three factors were extracted by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), accounting for 90.84% of the total variance. Confirmatory Factory Analysis (CFA) revealed that three factors of e-HLS-CHI fit well ( NFI = 0.979, RFI = 0.955, IFI = 0.987, TLI = 0.972, CFI=0.987, RMSEA = 0.070, CMIN/DF= 2.586). Good simultaneous validity was suggested by the positive correlation of 0.94 between the e-HLS-CHI and eHEALS. And when using eHEALS as the standard, the area under the ROC curve of e-HLS-CHI was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.831-0.960, P = 0.000). After calculation, the sensitivity and specificity were 97.8% and 70.4% respectively, indicating that it has nice predictive validity.Conclusions: The e-HLS can be used to evaluate electronic health literacy of people at high risk of stroke in China. This may be helpful for brain and heart health managers to assess the current situation of electronic health literacy in people at high risk of stroke and provide reference for future health promotion programs.
High-Throughput Screening of Alternative Micro-Metastasis-Specific Gene Predictors of Circulating Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Sittiju Pattaralawan , Chaiyawat Parunya , Pruksakorn Dumnoensun , Klangjorhor Jeerawan , Wongrin Weerinrada , Phinyo Phichayut , Kamolphiwong Rawikant , Phanphaisarn Areerak , Teeyakasem Pimpisa , Kongtawelert Prachya , Pothacharoen Peraphan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Current techniques to identify circulating-tumor cells (CTCs) in osteosarcoma (OS), which are an indication of a poor prognosis in cases of intermediate levels of metastasis, are complicated and time-consuming. This study investigated the efficacy of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), a molecular technique that is available in most laboratories, for detection of CTCs in buffy coat samples of OS patients and healthy donors.
Methods

Previously published reports on data-reviewing and retrieval of data by calculation of differential gene expression from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database repository were reviewed identify candidate genes. Following analysis of the expression of the candidate genes identified a diagnostic model for detection of specific gene expression was derived using binary logistic regression with a multivariable fractional polynomial (MFP) algorithm.
Results

A model incorporating VIM, ezrin, COL1A2, and PLS3 exhibited an outstanding discriminative ability as determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC = 0.9896, 95%CI 0.9695, 1.000). At the probability cut-off value 0.2943, the sensitivity and the specificity of the model for detection of OS were 100% (95%CI 94.8, 100.0) and 96.49% (95%CI 87.9, 99.6), respectively.
Conclusion

The qRT-PCR can identify the existence of OS circulating cells by detection of potential candidate genes (VIM, Ezrin, COL1A2 and PLS3). Thus, these genes are worthy to be considered diagnostic biomarkers and alternative micro-metastasis predictors for OS.
Lipocalin 2 as Putative Modulator of Local Inflammatory Processes in the Spinal Cord and Component of Organ Cross-talk After Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Behrens Victoria , Voelz Clara , Müller Nina , Zhao Weiyi , Clarner Tim , Beyer Cordian , Zendedel Adib 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), an immunomodulator, regulates various cellular processes such as iron transport and defense against bacterial infection. Under pathological conditions, Lcn2 promotes neuroinflammation via the recruitment and activation of immune cells and glia, particularly microglia and astrocytes. Although it seems to have a negative influence on the functional outcome in spinal cord injury (SCI), the extent of its involvement in SCI and the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully known. In this study, using a SCI contusion mouse model, we first investigated the expression pattern of Lcn2 in different parts of the CNS (spinal cord and brain), blood serum and in the liver. Interestingly, we could note a significant increase in Lcn2 throughout the whole spinal cord, in the brain, liver and in blood serum. This demonstrates the diversity of its possible sites of action in SCI. Further, genetic deficiency of Lcn2 (Lcn2−/−) significantly reduced certain aspects of gliosis in the SCI-mice. Taken together, our studies provide first valuable hints, suggesting that Lcn2 is involved in the local and systemic effects post SCI, and might modulate the impairment of different peripheral organs after injury.
Genetic determinants of chromatin reveal prostate cancer risk mediated by context-dependent gene regulation
Authors: Freedman Matthew , Baca Sylvan , Singler Cassandra , Zacharia Soumya , Seo Ji-Heui , Morova Tunc , Hach Faraz , Ding Yi , Schwarz Tommer , Huang Chia-Chi , Kalita Cynthia , Groha Stefan , Pomerantz Mark , Wang Victoria , Linder Simon , Sweeney Christopher , Zwart Wilbert , Lack Nathan , Pasaniuc Bogdan , Takeda David , Gusev Alexander 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Methods that link genetic variation to steady-state gene expression levels, such as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), are widely used to functionally annotate trait-associated variants, but they are limited in identifying context-dependent effects on transcription. To address this challenge, we developed the cistrome-wide association study (CWAS), a framework for nominating variants that impact traits through their effects on chromatin state. CWAS associates the genetic determinants of cistromes (e.g., the genome-wide profiles of transcription factor binding sites or histone modifications) with traits using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We performed CWASs of prostate cancer and androgen-related traits, using a reference panel of 307 prostate cistromes from 165 individuals. CWAS nominated susceptibility regulatory elements or androgen receptor (AR) binding sites at 52 out of 98 known prostate cancer GWAS loci and implicated an additional 17 novel loci. We functionally validated a subset of our results using CRISPRi and in vitro reporter assays. At 28 of the 52 risk loci, CWAS identified regulatory mechanisms that are not observable via eQTLs, implicating genes with complex or context-specific regulation that are overlooked by current approaches that relying on steady-state transcript measurements. CWAS genes include transcription factors that govern prostate development such as NKX3-1, HOXB13, GATA2, and KLF5. Moreover, CWAS boosts discovery power in modestly sized GWAS, identifying novel genetic associations mediated through AR binding for androgen-related phenotypes, including resistance to prostate cancer therapy. CWAS is a powerful and biologically interpretable paradigm for studying variants that influence traits by affecting context-dependent transcriptional regulation.
Structural and Optical Properties of Nd:YAB-nanoparticle-doped PDMS Elastomers for Random Lasers
Authors: Hlil Antsar R. , Thomas Jyothis , Garcia-Puente Yalina , Boisvert Jean-sebastien , Lima Bismarck C. , Rakotonandrasana Ando , Maia Lauro J.Q. , Tehranchi Amirhossein , Loranger Sebastien , Gomes Anderson S. L. , Messaddeq Younes , Kashyap Raman 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We report the structural and optical properties of Nd:YAB (NdxY1−x Al3(BO3)4)-nanoparticle-doped PDMS elastomer films for random lasing (RL) applications. Nanoparticles with Nd ratios of x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 were prepared and then incorporated into the PDMS elastomer to control the optical gain density and scattering center content over a wide range. The morphology and thermal stability of the elastomer composites were studied. A systematic investigation of the lasing wavelength, threshold, and linewidth of the laser was carried out by tailoring the concentration and optical gain of the scattering centers. The minimum threshold and linewidth were found to be 0.13 mJ and 0.8 nm for x = 1 and 0.8. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the RL intensity was easily tuned by controlling the degree of mechanical stretching, with strain reaching up to 300%. A strong, repeatable lasing spectrum over ~ 50 cycles of applied strain was observed, which demonstrates the high reproducibility and robustness of the RL. In consideration for biomedical applications that require long-term RL stability, we studied the intensity fluctuation of the RL emission, and confirmed that it followed Lévy-like statistics. Our work highlights the importance of using rare-earth doped nanoparticles with polymers for RL applications.
Mitigation on Bowel Loops Daily Variations by 1.5-T MR-guided Daily-adaptive SBRT for Abdomino-pelvic Lymph-nodal Oligometastases
Authors: Cuccia Francesco , Rigo Michele , Gurrera Davide , Nicosia Luca , Mazzola Rosario , Figlia Vanessa , Giaj-Levra Niccolò , Ricchetti Francesco , Attinà Giorgio , Pastorello Edoardo , De Simone Antonio , Naccarato Stefania , Sicignano Gianluisa , Ruggieri Ruggero , Alongi Filippo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PurposeWe report preliminary dosimetric data concerning the use of 1.5-T MR-guided daily-adaptive radiotherapy for abdomino-pelvic lymph-nodal oligometastases. We aimed to assess the impact of this technology on mitigating daily variations for both target coverage and organs-at-risk (OARs) sparing. MethodsA total of 150 sessions for 30 oligometastases in 23 patients were analyzed. All patients were treated with MR-guided stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for a total dose of 35Gy in 5 fractions. For each fraction, a quantitative analysis was performed for PTV volume, V35Gy and Dmean. Similarly, for OARs we assessed daily variations of volume, Dmean, Dmax. Any potential statistically significant change between baseline planning and daily-adaptive sessions was assessed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, assuming a p-value< 0.05 as significant.ResultsAverage baseline PTV, bowel, bladder and single intestinal loop volumes were respectively 8.9cc (range, 0.7-41.2cc), 1176cc (119-3654 cc), 95cc (39.7-202.9 cc), 18.3cc (9.1-37.7 cc). No significant volume variations were detected for PTV (p=0.21) bowel (p=0.36), bladder (p=0.47), except for single intestinal loops, which resulted smaller (p=0.026). Average baseline V35Gy and Dmean for PTV were respectively 85.6% (72-98.8%) and 35.6 Gy (34.6-36.1 Gy). We recorded a slightly positive trend in favor of daily-adaptive strategy vs baseline planning for improved target coverage, although not reaching statistical significance. (p=0.11 and p=0.18 for PTV-V35Gy and PTV-Dmean). Concerning OARs, a significant difference was observed in favor of daily-adapted treatments in terms of single intestinal loop Dmax [23.05 Gy (13.2-26.9 Gy) at baseline vs 20.5 Gy (12.1-24 Gy); p-value=0.0377] and Dmean [14.4 Gy (6.5-18 Gy) at baseline vs 13.0 Gy (6.7-17.6 Gy); p-value=0.0003].Specifically for bladder, the average Dmax was 18.6 Gy (0.4-34.3 Gy) at baseline vs 18.3 Gy (0.7-34.3 Gy) for a p-value=0.28; the average Dmean was 7.0 Gy (0.2-16.6 Gy) at baseline vs 6.98 Gy (0.2-16.4 Gy) for a p-value=0.66. Concerning the bowel, no differences in terms of Dmean [4.78 Gy (1.3-10.9 Gy) vs 5.6 Gy (1.4-10.5 Gy); p-value=0.23] were observed between after daily-adapted sessions. A statistically significant difference was observed for bowel Dmax [26.4 Gy (7.7-34 Gy) vs 25.8 Gy (7.8-33.1 Gy); p-value=0.0086].ConclusionsDaily-adaptive MR-guided SBRT reported a significantly improved single intestinal loop sparing for lymph-nodal oligometastases. Also bowel Dmax was significantly reduced with daily-adaptive strategy. A minor advantage was also reported in terms of PTV coverage, although not statistically significant.
Hand-Drawn Sketch Recognition With Double-Channel CNN
Authors: ZHANG Lei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the task of hand-drawn sketch recognition, traditional deep learning methods have the insufficient of feature extraction and low recognition rate. To improve the insufficient, a novel algorithm based on double channel convolution neural network is proposed. First of all, the hand-drawn sketch is preprocessed to get a smooth sketch. And the contour extraction algorithm is adopted to get the contour of the sketch. The sketch and its contour are then used as input images of the CNN respectively. Finally, through performing feature fusion at the full connection layer, the classification results are obtained using the softmax classifier. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the recognition rate of hand-drawn sketch.
High Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio is a Risk Factor for 30-day Mortality In In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Huang Lihong , Peng Jingjing , Wang Xuefeng , Li Feng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Early identification of risk factors for short-term mortality in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is crucial for early prognostication. This study aimed to explore the association of early dynamic changes in inflammatory markers with 30-day mortality in IHCA patients.Methods: This study retrospectively collected demographic and clinical characteristics and relevant laboratory indicators within 72 h after recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) of IHCA patients from December 2015 to December 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The outcome was 30-day mortality. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the dynamic changes in laboratory indicators within 72 h after ROSC, and Cox regression was used to identify the independent risk factors for 30-day mortality.Results: Overall, 85 IHCA patients were included. The 0-72h and 0-30day cumulative mortality rates were 25.88% and 57.65%, respectively, and the median survival time was 13.79 days. There was no association of inflammatory markers before IHCA with mortality. Within 72 h after ROSC, inflammatory markers showed various changes: the absolute monocyte count (AMC) showed no significant change trend, and the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) showed an overall upward trend, while the absolute neutral count (ANC), white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet (PLT) count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) showed an overall downward trend. Cox multivariate analysis showed that Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (HR = 2.366, 95%CI (1.084, 5.168)), APACHE II score (HR = 2.550, 95% CI (1.001, 6.498)), abnormal Cr before IHCA (HR = 3.417, 95% CI (1.441, 8.104)) and PLR within 72 h after ROSC (HR = 2.993, 95% CI (1.442, 6.214)) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality. When PLR ≥ 180, the risk of 30-day mortality increased by 199.3%.Conclusions: This study clarified the dynamic change trends of inflammatory markers within 72 h after ROSC. The PLR was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality in IHCA patients; it can be used as a predictor of short-term mortality and provide a reference for early prognostication.Trial registration: ChiCTR1800014324