bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Arginyl-tRNA Synthetase Promotes the Protection of Neuronal Ischemic Tolerance in Vitro Author Imformation
Authors: ZHANG Lizhi , FU Rong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundsStudies have shown that the metabolic rate of mammals decreases during hibernation, suggesting that effective reduction of the energy consumption of ischemic cells may be the basis of the protective effect of ischemic tolerance. Anderson et al. reported after inhibition of the gene encoding arginyl-tRNA synthetase, the protein translation and mortality in C. elegans under anoxic conditions decreased significantly.PurposesWhether inhibition of arginyl-tRNA synthetase (RARS), in addition to combating hypoxic injury in C. elegans, protects rat neurons from ischemic damage remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine whether knockdown of arginyl-tRNA synthetase improves the tolerance of primary cultured rat neurons to ischemic anoxia. Methods For the primary neuronal cutlure, cerebral cortex tissues were collected from newborn 24 hours Sprague-Dawley rats. Different viral vectors were transfected into cultured primary neurons, and the optimal viral vector and time points for gene silencing were determined by detecting the expression of RARS gene and protein. The adenovirus vector expressing shRNA-RARS with the highest silencing efficiency was transfected into rat primary cultured cortical neurons. The time point at which the viral vector exhibits optimal gene silencing efficiency was selected as the detection time point for subsequent experiments. The neurons after OGD treatment were divided into 2 groups: the experimental group and the control group. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups: the normal group, the control shRNA group and the shRNA-RARS group. After 3 hours of OGD treatment, cell survival, ATP levels and RARS protein expression were evaluated , and the data was analyzed. ResultsPrimary cultured neurons were identified and purified. The adenoviral vector expressing RARS-RNAi (27394-1) exhibited the highest silencing efficiency of the three adenoviral vectors, and 3 days after transfection of the adenoviral vector was selected as the optimal time point for gene silencing. Transfection of adenoviral vectors expressing shRNA-RARS reduced RARS protein expression, ATP consumption and neuronal death, and increased CCK8 activity in neurons after OGD insult.Conclusions Our work revealed neurons transfected with adenoviral vectors expressing shRNA-RARS exhibited stronger tolerance to ischemia and hypoxia, which was due to the inhibition of RARS activity andreduced cell energy metabolism rate. These results suggested that RARS inhibition reduced protein translation and energy consumption, and played a protective role in ischemic tolerance.
Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Pandemic By Deep Learning Model (DLM) In India: A District Level Analysis
Authors: Wani Manzoor A , Farooq Junaid , Wani Danish M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The intensity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a horrible ongoing human disaster with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current epidemiological studies urge the need of implementing sophisticated methods to appraise the evolution of COVID-19. In the study we estimated 228 days of daily incidence of COVID-19 cases i.e. from 1st May to 15th December 2020- a district level analysis in the northern Himalayan belt of India. To determine the current & future trends of COVID-19 transmission, we used Deep Learning Model (DLM) with 60 days forecasting. The estimated values from deep learning not only indicated high cases of morbidity and mortality but forecasted high rise in the incidence of COVID-19 cases in different districts of the study region. Storing, analyzing, and presenting incidence of COVID-19 cases in Geographic Information System (GIS) will attribute in understanding, planning & implementing mitigating measures to tackle the current & future variant behavioral changes adopting COVID-19 virus. The remedial first-aid measures such as physical & social distance, use of masks, maintaining personal hygiene, recommended vaccinations & other Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) framed by World health organization (WHO) must be adhered till complete obliteration of COVID-19 virus.
Changes In Soil Properties Across A Hydrological Gradient In Saladas From Northeast Spain: Implications For Soil Carbon Stocks, CO2 Efflux And Microbial Communities In A Warming World.
Authors: Thomas Andrew , Tooth Stephen , Lan S. , Holt Thomas , Saunders Ian , Tarren Holly 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Numerous permanent and temporary wetlands occur throughout the world’s drylands. Although characterised by diverse hydroperiods, these wetlands in drylands are typically hotspots of biological activity and productivity. The healthy functioning and possibly even existence of many wetlands in drylands, however, is threatened by desiccation resulting from a combination of climate change and human disturbance. Near Alcañiz in arid northeast Spain, three adjacent saladas (playas) with contrasting hydroperiods provide an opportunity to investigate how moisture availability affects their soil carbon (C) stocks, CO2 efflux, and microbial communities. Frequent inundation and/or near-permanent soil saturation supports the generation of organic C from a range of different sources. Soil inorganic C was greatest on the driest salada (3.8 %) compared to the wetter saladas (3.0 % and 2.1 %) owing to evaporative concentration and the reaction of CO2 with available Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ ions. CO2 efflux was greatest at intermediate moisture levels (142 mg CO2 m-2 hr-1), but the spatial and temporal variability in CO2 efflux on salada surfaces is very high, demonstrating the need for intensive sampling regimes to provide realistic estimates of their contribution to atmospheric CO2 exchanges. Different microbial community structures also characterise each salada. The saladas near Alcañiz, and many other similar features in northeast Spain, are renowned for their rare and threatened flora and fauna, yet their soil C cycle characteristics and soil microbial communities provide additional reasons to monitor the impacts of climate change and protect these vulnerable environments from further anthropogenic disturbances.
Three-State Majority-Vote Model on Small-World Networks
Authors: Zubillaga Bernardo J. , Vilela André L. M. , Wang Minggang , Du Ruijin , Dong Gaogao , Stanley H. Eugene 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this work, we study the opinion dynamics of the three-state majority-vote model on small-world networks of social interactions. In the majority-vote dynamics, an individual adopts the opinion of the majority of its neighbors with probability 1−q, and a different opinion with chance q, where q stands for the noise parameter. The noise q acts as a social temperature, inducing the dissensus among individual opinions. With probability p, we rewire the connections of the two-dimensional square lattice network, allowing long-range interactions in the society, thus yielding the small-world property present in many different real-world systems. We employ Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the second-order phase transition of the system, and obtain the critical noise qc, as well as the standard critical exponents β/ν, γ/ν, and 1/ν for several values of the rewiring probability p. We conclude that the rewiring of the lattice enhances the social order in the system and drives the model to different universality classes from that of the three-state majority-vote model in two-dimensional square lattices.
The Efficacy of The Administration of BifidobacteriumLactis For Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Pourmirzaiee Mohammad Ali , Famouri Fatemeh , Kahid Akram , Hovsepian Silva , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of Bifidobacterium Lactis administration on infantile colic (IC). In this double blind randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, infants with IC diagnosis, exclusive breastfeeding, gestational age more than 37 weeks and birth weight more than 2500 gram were included. The selected infants randomly allocated in the two groups of BBcare group, treated with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and the control group treated with placebo, 5 drops per day, for 6 weeks. The mean of crying, vomiting episodes and defecation number at baseline and during follow ups (40 and 60 days after intervention) were compared between the two studied groups. In this study from initially enrolled neonates, 40 and 38 neonates in BB-12 and placebo groups completed the study. In BB-12 group number of defecation, crying and vomiting episodes decreased significantly during intervention till 60 days after probiotic administration(P<0.05).In the placebo group there was significant decrease for crying and vomiting episodes between baseline and 60 days after intervention(P<0.05). Between group analyses indicated that there was significant difference between groups regarding mean of crying and vomiting episodes and number of defecation ,60 days after intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion: Findings of our study offer compelling signals for the effectiveness of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 in the management of some intestinal problems. These findings could be supportive evidences for the important role of gut microbiota as goal of intervention to improvement in bowel movement and comfortable defecation in IC.
The Decline In Summer Fallow In The Northern Plains Cooled Near-Surface Climate But Had Minimal Impacts On Precipitation
Authors: Bromley Gabriel , Prein Andreas F. , Albeke Shannon E. , Stoy Paul C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Land management strategies can moderate or intensify the impacts of a warming atmosphere. Since the early 1980s, nearly 116,000 km2 of crop land that was once held in fallow during the summer is now planted in the northern North American Great Plains. To simulate the impacts of this substantial land cover change on regional climate processes, convection-permitting model experiments using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model were performed to simulate modern and historical amounts of summer fallow, and were extensively validated using multiple observational data products as well as eddy covariance tower observations. Results of these simulations show that the transition from summer fallow to modern land cover lead to ~1.5 °C cooler temperatures and decreased vapor pressure deficit by ~0.15 kPa during the growing season, which is consistent with observed cooling trends. The cooler and wetter land surface with vegetation leads to a shallower planetary boundary layer and lower lifted condensation level, creating conditions more conducive to convective cloud formation and precipitation. Our model simulations however show little widespread evidence of land surface changes effects on precipitation. The observed precipitation increase in this region is more likely related to increased moisture transport by way of the Great Plains Low Level Jet as suggested by the ERA5 reanalysis. Our results demonstrate that land cover change is consistent with observed regional cooling in the northern North American Great Plains but changes in precipitation cannot be explained by land management alone.
Differences in Breast Cancer Subtypes Among Racial/Ethnic Groups
Authors: Bansil Surbhi , Silva Anthony , Jones Corinne , Hidalgo Elena , Pagano Ian , Fukui Jami 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
PurposeDifferences in incidence of breast cancer subtypes among racial/ethnic groups have been evaluated as a contributing factor in the disparities seen in breast cancer prognosis. We evaluated new breast cancer cases in Hawaii to determine if there were subtype differences according to race/ethnicity that may contribute to known disparities.MethodsWe reviewed 4,318 cases of women diagnosed with breast cancer from two large tumor registries between 2013-2020. We evaluated the new breast cancer cases according to age at diagnosis, self-reported race, and breast cancer subtype (ER, PR, and HER2 receptor status).ResultsWe found both premenopausal and postmenopausal Native Hawaiian women were less likely to be diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer (OR=0.33, P=0.009; OR=0.62, P=0.03 respectively). Premenopausal Japanese women were 71% less likely to be diagnosed with triple positive (ER+/PR+/HER2+) breast cancer (OR=0.29, P=0.0003). Postmenopausal Filipino women were 89% more likely to be diagnosed with ER-/PR-/HER2+ breast cancer (OR=1.89, P=0.02). ConclusionsResults of our study support that there are racial/ethnic differences in breast cancer subtypes among our population which may contribute to the differences in outcome seen. Further evaluation of other clinical and pathological features in each breast cancer subtype may inform potential mechanisms for outcome disparities seen among different racial/ethnic groups.
Polarization isolation for GaN electronics
Authors: Dai Yijun , Guo Wei , Chen Li , Xu Houqiang , AlQatari Feras , Guo Chenyu , Peng Xianchuan , Tang Ke , Liao Che-Hao , Li Xiaohang , Ye Jichun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Kinematic Analysis of compliant slider Crank mechanism
Authors: Korwar Ganesh D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study presents the design and formulation of a kinematic model of a compliant slider-crank micro mechanism and its comparison with the conventional slider-crank mechanism. This work aims with Experimental Analysis of Compliant Slider Crank Micro Mechanism for kinematic performance with a parametric variation. In addition, it also deals with the study of the Mechanical advantage of compliant micro mechanisms. A formulated model is developed using the pseudo-rigid-body model (PRBM). Motion analysis software is used to show the variation in slider displacement for known input link angle. Analysis of compliant mechanism is modeled by PRBM and FEA to analyze deflection. The mechanism is modeled in Adams. The results obtained from Adams are compared with experimentation. The displacements are fairly matches to simulation results. Better displacement as compared to rigid link mechanism can be obtained for smaller angular rotation. Finite element analysis (FEA) is used to show the stress distribution inflexible component for various types of hinges like rectangular cross-section flexible hinges, circular cross-section flexible hinges. Based on stress fatigue analysis is carried for both type joint by experimentally and FEA.
Findings from the microbiota of tooth apical periodontitis and the search for pathogen forgranulomatous inflammation
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Xu Hao , Wei Minghui , Wang Yuhong , Wang Wenzhe , Feng Bin , Ju Jia , Wang Xinwen , Liu Yuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOrofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a granulomatous inflammation (GI) disease in maxillofacial region, the underlying cause of it remains unknown. Our previous study demonstrated that tooth apical periodontitis (AP) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of OFG, we aimed here to characterize the AP bacterial signatures of OFG patients, and identify bacteria that may be important pathogens capable of inducing OFG.ResultsThe composition of AP microbiota in OFG cases and common AP controls was compared using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the results showed a specific AP microbiota signature in OFG patients, characterized by domination of phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria , notably members of Streptococcus, Lactobacillus and Neisseria. To assess the pathogenicity of the potential pathogens in OFG, we isolated and successfully in vitro cultured Streptococcus, Lactobacillus casei, Neisseria subflava, Veillonella parvula and Actinomyces from OFG patients, and injected the clinical isolates into mice respectively. Ultimately, foot pad injection with N. subflava elicited granulomatous inflammation, and the virulence of N. subflava was verified based on Koch’s postulates.ConclusionsOur findings confirmed the role of bacteria in OFG, and first suggested that the component of the host normal microbiota, N. subflava is likely a pathogen for GI.
Study on the spectrum characteristics of rock burst and the stability of the surrounding rock of a roadway in mines under dynamic load
Authors: yushun Yang , Wei Sijiang , Li Kui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study analyzes the impact pressure in the Yuejin and Qianqiu coal mines in the Yimei mine area, and shows that rock bursts may be caused by damage to the overburden gravel strata caused by coal seam mining and unreasonable mining layout. Rock burst microseismic signals from the Yuejin and Qianqiu mines show that the duration of the vibration waveform is greater than 0.06 s. The fast Fourier transform shows that the low-frequency component of the rock burst accounts for a large proportion, with the main frequency being concentrated in the range between 5 and 50 Hz. A numerical simulation scheme was designed, and the extended D-P strength criterion was adopted to select the distributed load of a sinusoidal pulse in the load waveform as the dynamic load. The plastic strain energy density distribution is used to measure the tendency of the surrounding rock to impact the roadway. By changing the shock position, wave frequency, disturbance intensity, tunnel section shape, and buried depth, it is seen that when a (vibration wave amplitude) = 2.0 m/s2, f (vibration wave frequency) = 40 Hz, H (roadway buried depth) = 1000 m, θ (the angle between the impact position of the seismic wave and the center of the roadway) = 180°, and the roadway section is horseshoe-shaped, the tendency of the surrounding rock to impact the roadway is higher. Under the same conditions, the impact tendency of the surrounding rock on the roadway is the smallest and second smallest when the roadway is circular and straight-wall arched, respectively.
Sensitivity analysis of Seawater intrusion model in Tra Vinh province, Mekong Delta
Authors: xie xuan , ke li yu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers is a serious problem, leading to shortage of water supply in Tra Vinh province which is a typical coastal province in Mekong Delta Vietnam. One of the main reason for salinity intrusion is excessive abstraction from groundwater. In addition, climate change is an uncertain challenge which may affect the situation in the future. GMS groundwater modelling is an effective tool to simulate groundwater flow and salinity transport processes in this research. A conceptual and numerical model were built and calibrated to simulate groundwater flow in the case study area located in Tra Vinh with the use of hydraulic head data accumulated in the period 2006 to 2017, a sensitive analysis has been conducted on hydraulic conductivities, specific storage and conductance of boundary condition in order to understand model behaviour. Model results show that groundwater is overexploited in Tra Vinh province. Groundwater levels were continuously decreased in the whole area and in all aquifers. Groundwater recharge is limited due to impermeable layers on surface and is recharge is only possible in sand dune areas. Groundwater abstraction supplies domestic water demand which is much more than recharge. The sensitivity analysis shows that hydraulic conductivity is the most sensitive factor impacting the vales of the groundwater heads. Hydraulic conductance of the boundary is the most sensitive parameter under the head-dependent flow boundary, and hydraulic conductivity is the least sensitive parameter. However, specific storage is more sensitive to impact the values of change of storage. Thus, Boundary conductance, hydraulic conductivity and specific storage coefficient are important parameters for the accuracy of the model results. Saline groundwater occurs in the coastal zone and in the north area. Saltwater intrusion occurs in these area. The salinity data availability is too limited to provide a clear description of salinity distribution in the area.
Environmental Drivers and Network Structure of Hylid Anurans in Floating Meadows From Amazonian Oxbow Lakes
Authors: de Matos Lucicléia Railene Assis , Ramalho Werther Pereira , de Arruda Filipe Viegas , Ceron Karoline , Luna Pedro , Virgílio Lucena Rocha , Vieira Lisandro Juno Soares 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Despite the increasing amount of knowledge available regarding the ecological interactions between species, the dynamics of anurans in aquatic environments are little explored and understood. In this way, our work aims to assess which factors influence the composition and the ecological interactions of hylid anurans in oxbow lakes in the middle Purus River, Amazonas. We sampled three lakes with high, medium and low levels of connectivity twice, once during the flood and then in drought hydrological regimes. Variations in the hylid anuran assemblages and ecological interactions were tested as function of environmental niche, food resources, level of connectivity and hydrological regime. The availability of environmental resources and the availability of food resources were the best factors that explain the distribution of hylid anurans, which were also highly dependent on the variations between the hydrological regimes. The interactions between anurans, macroinvertebrates and macrophytes showed a modular and specialized structure, which varied according to the connectivity and hydrological regime of the lakes. Connectance showed an increasing trend from high to low connectivity lakes, suggesting that anurans had low trophic and environmental specialization in lakes with low connectivity. Hylids found in the lake of medium connectivity had higher values of trophic specialization and modularity. Our results illustrate the role of river-lake connectivity and annual hydrological cycle to maintain the aquatic biota and their interactions, and highlight the importance of floating meadows for the maintenance of biodiversity in floodplains.
Oil Pollution Effects on Nematodes in Mangrove Sediment: A Microcosm Study
Authors: Naidoo Gonasageran , Naidoo Krishnaveni , Swart Antoinette 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The effects of oil pollution on meiobenthic nematode assemblages in a mangrove sediment were investigated. Microcosms comprised 350 ml plastic jars that were filled with 200 g mangrove sediment and subjected to oiling, with or without addition of fertiliser. In the oiled treatments, 15 ml of Bunker fuel oil 180 and 5 ml/L fertiliser (N: P: K: 3: 2: 5) were added to the soil. After four weeks, nematodes were extracted and identified. In the unfertilised oiled treatment, nematode abundance and species richness were significantly reduced by 87% and 53%, respectively, compared to the control. In the fertilised oiled treatment, nematode abundance and species richness increased by 56% and 30% respectively. The eight taxa present in the control but absent in the oiled treatments (Monhystera, Prodesmodora, Plectus, Rhabditis, Koerneria, Rotylenchus, Tobrilus, and Fictor) were characterised as oil-intolerant. The seven taxa present in the oiled treatments (Monhystera, Ethmolaimus, Panagrolaimus, Camacolaimus, Hemicycliophora typica, and H. ripa and a species of the family Xyalidae) were characterised as oil-tolerant and resilient. In all treatments, the dominant species was Ethmolaimus. Taxa such as Rhabditis, Koerneria and Rotylenchus survived oiling, due to the addition of fertiliser. Fertilizer amendment favoured survival of Rhabditis, Koerneria and Rotylenchus and increased reproduction in Camacolaimus.