bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
​Effect of Foliar Spray of Nutrients, Growth Regulators on Seed Yield and Quality in Hybrid Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp]
Authors: Sajjan Ashok S. , Shwetha N. 
Published: July 2021

Background: The new generation special fertilizers have been introduced exclusively for foliar feeding and fertilization. The increased supply of nutrients and good response by plants resulted in enhanced translocation of nutrients to reproductive structures.Therefore, it is planned to study the effect of different nutrients as a foliar spray for growth, yield and seed quality parameters of hybrid pigeon pea. Methods: The experiment on effect of foliar spray of nutrients, growth regulators on seed yield, quality in hybrid pegionpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] was conducted at Seed Farm, College of Agriculture, Vijayapura, Karnataka during kharif 2019-2020. The treatment consisting of foliar spray of control (T1), 1% Pulse magic (T2), 1% 19:19:19 (T3), 0.2% Borax (T4), 50 ppm NAA (T5), 1% Pulse magic+1%19:19:19 (T6), 1% Pulse magic+0.2% Borax (T7), 1% Pulse magic+50 ppm NAA (T8), 1% Pulse magic+1% 19:19:19+0.2% Borax (T9), 1% Pulse magic+ 1% 19:19:19+50 ppm NAA (T10), 1% Pulse magic+1% 19:19:19+50 ppm NAA+0.2% Borax (T11). Foliar spray was taken at flower initiation and peak flowering stage. Result: The results revealed that, foliar application of Pulse magic @1% +19:19:19@1%+ NAA@50 ppm + Borax@0.2% recorded higher number of branches (10.60), number of pods per plant (239.33), number of seeds per plant (5.75), test weight (12.18g), hybrid seed yield per plant (48.17g), hybrid seed yield per plot (1188.83g), hybrid seed yield per ha (1499kg /ha) and seed quality parameters viz: seed germination (93%), shoot length (15.08 cm), root length (18.67 cm), seedling vigour index(2649), lower electric conductivity (0.59 dSm-1) and protein percentage (22.18 %) respectively.
Functional State of Respiratory Muscles in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Kurpаtov I. G. , Geltser B. I. , Kotelnikov V. N. , Kinyaykin M. F. 
Published: July 2021

The objective: to assess the strength of respiratory muscles (RM) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and determine the role of certain pathogenetic factors of COPD in the development of respiratory muscle dysfunction.Subjects and methods. In in-patient settings, the strength characteristics of respiratory muscles were studied in 85 men aged 39-78 years suffering fromCOPD exacerbation. MicroRPM (CareFusion, UK) was used to determine the levels of maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures in the oral cavity, maximum rate of their rise during inspiration and expiration as well as the level of intranasal pressure before and after the test with salbutamol.Results. Significant variability in strength characteristics of respiratory muscles was observed depending on the stage of COPD, its phenotype, and the presence of hypoxemia or hypercapnia. In patients at early stage of COPD, only expiratory respiratory muscle dysfunction was documented; at moderate and severe stages, inspiratory and expiratory muscle dysfunction was observed, and at very severe stage – diaphragm dysfunction prevailed. The results of the salbutamol test demonstrated the maximum increase in the strength of respiratory in early and moderate COPD and the minimum increase in extremely severeCOPD indicating the role of the irreversible component of bronchial obstruction in the development of respiratory muscle dysfunction. The emphysematous phenotype of COPD was characterized by inspiratory respiratory muscle dysfunction, while the bronchitic phenotype was characterized by expiratory respiratory muscle dysfunction. In patients with hypoxemia and hypercapnia, the strength of inspiratory respiratory muscle was lower versus normoxemia.
Study of Genotoxic Properties of Thiosonide
Authors: Sаvchenko A. Yu. , Burenkov M. S. , Bаydin P. S. , Rаmenskаya G. V. , Perovа N. V. , Kukes V. G. 
Published: July 2021

The objective of the study: evaluation of mutagenic properties of thiosonide in tests of chromosomal aberrations in mammalian bone marrow cells and mutation accounting on Salmonella typhimurium strains.Subjects and methods. Studies were carried out using F1 hybrids of CBA×C57BL/6 mice, they received thiozonide in the equivalent of a therapeutic dose and 160 times above it, once and in the course of 5 injections. The genetic toxicity of thiosonide was evaluated on Salmonella typhimurium strains in the tested doses of 1,000, 100, 10, 1 and 0.1 μg per plate.Results. No mutagenic activity of thiosonide in the chromosomal aberration counting test in bone marrow cells of mice was demonstrated. The level of chromosome aberrations in the experiment did not exceed the corresponding control values. Thus, thiosonide at the therapeutic dose (25 mg/kg) and 160-fold increase above it (4,000 mg/kg) did not induce chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow cells of mice either with single dosing or several intragastric administrations.According to the Ames test results, the number of revertant colonies in the solvent control in the CM- and CM+ variants was within the range of spontaneous fluctuations for these strains; thiosonide in all tested doses did not show mutagenic effect on the TA 100, TA 98, and TA 97 strains both with the system metabolic activation and without it.
Determination of Duration of the Intensive Phase of Chemotherapy for Respiratory Tuberculosis in Children without Bacterial Excretion and at No Risk of Multiple and Extensive Drug Resistance
Authors: Gubkinа M. F. , Yukhimenko N. V. , Sterlikovа S. S. , Khokhlovа Yu. Yu. , Petrаkovа I. Yu. 
Published: July 2021

The objective of the study: to develop criteria to evaluate the duration of the intensive phase of chemotherapy for respiratory tuberculosis in children without bacterial excretion and at no risk of multiple and extensive drug resistance of tuberculous mycobacteria.Subjects and methods. Totally, 93 patients with newly diagnosed respiratory tuberculosis without bacterial excretion and at no risk of multiple and extensive drug resistance of tuberculous mycobacteria. Their age varied from 2 to 12 years old. Regimen III was used: the intensive phase – 4 drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol – HRZE).Results. The intensive phase lasted for 2 months in 39.8% of cases – the main criteria were achieved (relief of intoxication symptoms, normal blood rates, positive or stable CT changes) after 2 months and there was no indication to extend the duration of it. The intensive phase lasted for 3 months in 37.6% of cases – the main criteria were achieved after 2 months and there was at least one additional indication to extend it (17.2%); and the main criteria were achieved after 3 months and there was no indication to extend the duration of it (20.4%). The intensive phase lasted for more than 3 months (4 to 6 months) in 22.6% of cases – the main criteria were achieved after 3 months and there was at least one additional indication to extend it (12.9%), as well as in the case of failure to achieve the main criteria after 3 months regardless of the presence/absence of additional indications to extend its duration (9.7%).Conclusion. Various combinations of the main criteria and additional indications made the basis for differential approach to determining the duration of the intensive phase of chemotherapy in children with respiratory tuberculosis
Respiratory Tuberculosis in Those over 70 Years of Age: Specific Course of the Disease and Diagnostic Difficulties
Authors: Shprykov A. S. , Sutyaginа D. A. , Dolgovа M. A. 
Published: July 2021

The objective: to study specific features of the course and diagnosis of respiratory tuberculosis in persons aged 70 years and older.Subjects and methods. Medical records of 93 patients aged 70 years and older who were hospitalized due to respiratory tuberculosis in 2000-2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Men made 60.2%, and women – 39.8%.Results. Often tuberculosis was detected late when referring for medical care (68.8%). In 59.4% of patients, tuberculosis was detected later than in 2 months after the onset of the first symptoms. 89.2% had multiple co-morbidities. Destruction was detected in 52.7% of patients, bacterial excretion – in 69.9%, and remaining post-tuberculosis changes – in 34.4%. Sputum conversion was achieved in 81.5% of patients and cavities were healed in 53.1%.
Plasma Transport Proteins in Patients with Tuberculosis and COVID-19 at the Stages of Treatment
Authors: Shovkun L. A. , Kudlаy D. A. , Nikolenko N. Yu. , Kаmpos E. D. , Shlyk I. F. , Sаrychev A. M. 
Published: July 2021

The objective: to assess changes in the level of lactoferrin and ferritin in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and COVID-19 during treatment, to determine their correlation with parameters of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection.Subjects and methods. Levels of lactoferrin and erythrocyte catalase ferritin, neutrophil myeloperoxidase were studied against the background of successful treatment in the group of pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n = 80) and the group of COVID-19 patients (n = 75). Their correlation with parameters of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection was assessed.Results. Before treatment, the median level of lactoferrin and ferritin increased in both groups, but in the COVID-19 Group, it was significantly more pronounced. At the end of the intensive phase in the Tuberculosis Group and when clinical improvement was achieved in the COVID-19 Group, the median ferritin level decreased. Increased myeloperoxidase activity and decreased level of erythrocyte catalase were also noted in both groups before treatment start; in the COVID-19 Group, the median level of myeloperoxidase was higher versus the Tuberculosis Group, which correlated with a higher median level of ferritin and lactoferrin in this group. After the end of the intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment and achievement of clinical improvement in COVID-19, there was a decrease in the median levels of myeloperoxidase, which coincided with a decrease in the levels of lactoferrin and ferritin. There was a direct strong correlation between myeloperoxidase-ferritin levels (r = 0.80; p < 0.01) and myeloperoxidase-lactoferrin levels (r = 0.73; p < 0.01). Against the background of treatment, intracellular catalase activity increased in both groups, almost reaching the normal value. Also, there is a strong inverse correlation between catalase and ferritin (r = -0.79; p < 0.01).
TINJAUAN FILSAFATI (ONTOLOGI, EPISTIMOLOGI, DAN AKSIOLOGI) DALAM MUATAN MATERI SASTRA DALAM BUKU TEKS BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS VIII SERTA RELEVANSINYA DENGAN KOMPETENSI INTI DAN KOMPETENSI DASAR
Authors: Dwi Nur vitria 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menggali landasan filsafati; ontologi, epistimologi, dan aksiologi dalam skripsi yang ditulis oleh Dewi Kinasih berjudul Muatan Materi Sastra Dalam Buku Teks Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VIII serta Relevansinya Dengan Kompetensi Inti Dan Kompetensi Dasar. Metode penelitian ini adalah analisis konten inferensial. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini dengan cara pengadaan data, pengurangan data, inferensi, dan analisis data. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan aspek ontologi berupa hakikat buku teks adalah buku yang berisi petunjuk dalam sebuah pelajaran tertentu untuk mencapai tujuan instruksional. Buku teks bahasa Indonesia mencakup dua materi, yakni materi bahasa dan materi sastra. Materi sastra memiliki fungsi untuk menghibur diri dan bermanfaat. Setiap materi dalam buku teks mengandung beberapa kompetensi inti dan kompetensi dasar yang harus dicapai; sikap spiritual, sosial, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan. Pada aspek epistimologi, pemerolehan data telah menunjukkan kebermaknaan hasil penelitian. Namun, terdapat beberapa teknik yang tidak dikemukakan yaitu subjek penelitian, wawancara, kuesioner, dan kartu data. Aspek aksiologi, berkaitan dengan nilai pendidikan yang memiliki manfaat dari segi pembelajaran sastra dan segi sosial. Dalam pembelajaran dapat mengarahkan peserta didik memeroleh sesuatu nilai, sedangkan dari segi sosial, mampu meningkatkan kepekaan terhadap nilai-nilai kehidupan bermasyarakat dan mampu membentuk karakter peserta didik seperti religius, bertanggung jawab, percaya diri, kritis, berbudaya, berwawasan luas, halus budi pekerti, dan santun.
INTELEGENSI MANUSIA SEBAGAI PROSES HIDUP: TINJAUAN FILSAFATI ATAS PEMIKIRAN FRITJOF CAPRA
Authors: Pesurnay Althien John 
Published: July 2021

Kecerdasan manusia atau yang juga disebut inteligensi sudah lama menjadi kajian ilmu-ilmu sosial, budaya dan filsafat. Inteligensi sebagai satu kemampuan manusia berhubungan dengan kegiatan, sifat, objek dan hakikat dari manusia dan pengetahuan itu sendiri. Terdapat dua alasan filosofis kenapa inteligensi patut dikaji kembali. Pertama adalah untuk membuka kembali diskursus tentang manusia dan refleksinya atas realitasnya. Inteligensi manusia dalam karya Fritjof Capra menawarkan gagasan baru untuk memahami realitas dengan paradigma sistemik-holistik. Capra menyejajarkan mode memahami dunia secara saintifik lewat fisika modern dan intuisi dalam spiritualisme timur. Kedua, Inteligensi manusia meskipun berbeda pada modus memahami namun menjumpai dasar realitas yang sama. Realitas bersifat terhubung dalam jaringan relasi antar bagian dari keseluruham yang menyatu. Ada (being) merupakan objek inteligensi manusia yang bersifat esensial dan eksistensial.
PENDIDIKAN CINTA KASIH ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT ILMU
Authors: Rahmatullah Azam Syukur 
Published: July 2021

Tulisan ini membahas tentang bagaimana mendidik diri untuk menyemaikan cinta kasih kepada anak. Hal ini dikarenakan di era modernisasi ditemukan banyak penelitian yang menyatakan tentang tindakan krisis kasih sayang terhadap anak. Maraknya kekerasan, bullying yang dilakukan oleh orang tua kepada anak-anaknya, atau dilakukan oleh orang dewasa kepada anak. Hal yang demikian tentu saja meresahkan dan memprihatinkan, di sisi lain akan menjadi beban psikologis anak di masa sekarang dan masa depan. Oleh karenanya tulisan ini memperdalam berkaitan tentang olah rasa, olah pikir dan olah perilaku dalam mencintai dan mengasihi anak yang sesungguhnya. Pendekatan kajian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan filsafat ilmu, yang di dalamnya memuat kajian ontologis, epistimologis dan aksiologis. Kajian ontologis nampak pada pemaparan terkait dengan apa dan mengapa tentang krisis cinta kasih kepada anak. Kemudian kajian epistimologis berkaitan dengan cinta kasih dalam tinjauan filosofi,dan juga berkaitan tentang kemengapaan cinta kepada anak ditanggalkan serta bagaimana cara mendidik diri untuk memberi cinta kasih kepada anak. Sedangkan kajian aksiologisnya adalah tentang apa kebermanfaatan mendidik diri dalam memberi cinta kasih kepada anak.
A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Urban Densification in an Organically Growing Urban Area
Authors: Mohammed Jibrin Katun , Sulyman Aremu Olanrewaju , Aliyu Abdullahi Alhaji 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Urban densification has attracted much attention in recent times, particularly in addressing certain urban problems such as urban sprawl and promoting compact development, though problems of unplanned densification are yet to be addressed in the literature. This paper examines space and time dynamics of urban densification, where patterns and changes in the residential densification of Bida urban area in Nigeria are assessed. The study relied on point features representing buildings for the years 2008, 2013, and 2018 digitized using ArcGIS 10.6. The data were analysed using Point Density spatial method to develop the spatiotemporal models which were further reclassified into three categories: low, medium, and high densities, respectively. The paper has found out that residential densities increase along the urban-rural gradient with clear evidence for unplanned urban densification as a result of the organic growth. Therefore, there is the need for planned densification in urban development which can curb the increasing residential density that reduces green and open spaces.
Control Strategy of Parallel Systems with Efficiency Optimisation in Switched Reluctance Generators
Authors: Zan Xiaoshu , Lin Hang , Xu Guanqun , Zhao Tiejun , Gong Yi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To solve motor heating and life shortening of parallel switched reluctance generator (SRG) induced by uneven output currents due to different external characteristics, we generally adopt current sharing control (CSC) to make each parallel generator undertake large load currents on average to improve the reliability of parallel power generation system. However, the method usually causes additional loss of power because it does not consider the efficiency characteristics of each parallel generator. Therefore, with the efficiency expression for the parallel system of SRG established and analysed, the control strategy based on differential evolution (DE) algorithm is proposed as a mechanism by which to enhance generating capacity and reliability of multi-machine power generation from the perspective of efficiency optimisation. We re-adjust the reference current of each parallel generator to transform the working point of each generator and implement the efficiency optimisation of parallel system. The performance of the proposed control method is evaluated in detail by the simulation and experiment, and comparison with traditional CSC is carried out as well.
Distance relationships and educational fragilities: A Student Voice research in digital third spaces
Authors: Zecca Luisa , Cotza Valeria 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
What impact did distance learning and education have on the most fragile students during the COVID-19 emergency? How is ‘educational fragility’ perceived by teachers and school educators, and how did this concept change during the school closure? How did children and young people perceive their remote learning experiences? The pandemic scenario forced to switch from face-to-face to distance educational relationships, triggering new fragilities and increasing digital inequalities. Therefore, in the digital environment of third space, a qualitative Student Voice research was conducted to collect students’, teachers’ and educators’ perceptions of remote schooling via semi-structured interviews. The study was implemented with working university students and school-going students with special educational needs, aged between 7 and 13 years, pursuing the teacher preparation aspect in the field of social justice. Preliminary results show that distance relationships fostered students’ self-regulated learning and awareness of their own learning processes; however, only in-presence schooling is experienced as a real ‘living-learning space.’ All these aspects and especially the practitioners’ awareness of the outcomes of distance education open up a new perspective towards an ecological theory of educational fragility, which could contribute to define new in-depth knowledge-construction tools in support of the education practice.
Impact of the Digital Literacy Courses Taken by the Prospective Social Studies Teachers by Distance Learning on Digital Citizenship Skills
Authors: Aydın Mithat , Çelik Türkan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of the digital literacy course taught to undergraduates with the cooperation of the Council of Higher Education (CHE) and Anadolu University on the ‘digital citizenship skills’ of social sciences teachers. In this context, 30 prospective social sciences teachers who received digital literacy training participated in the study, which employed criterion sampling, a purposive sampling technique. The study followed a pre-test and post-test uncontrolled quasi-experimental model. The digital literacy course process by distance learning covered eight weeks. At the beginning and the end of the digital literacy course, a ‘digital citizenship’ scale was applied to the prospective teachers. In research results, a significant positive difference was detected between the pre-test and post-test scores of prospective teachers obtained from the whole of the digital citizenship skills scale. Between pre-test and post-test scores of ‘digital communication’, ‘digital ethics’, and ‘critical thinking’ sub-dimensions of the digital citizenship scale, a significant difference was not detected. On the other hand, a positive significant difference was detected between scores from its digital skills, digital participation, digital rights and responsibilities, and digital commerce sub-dimensions. Similarly, between digital security points, which is another sub-dimension of the study, a significant difference was detected, though this difference was found to be negative. In this context, it is proposed that similar training should be made more common, more functional subjects in digital topics that teachers do not know should be the focus rather than those prospective teachers are expected to know, some changes regarding digital security must be implemented in institutions that teach the digital literacy course with distance learning and that these should enrich this subject further.
The positive in the tragic: Covid pandemic as an impetus for change in teaching and assessment in higher education
Authors: Trevisan Ottavia , De Rossi Marina , Grion Valentina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The spread of Covid-19 pandemic upturned higher education routines, inducing a shift to online learning which sometimes translated into a huge leap towards didactic experimentation. While exposing critical issues in existing teaching methodologies and assessment processes, such emergency distance education condition could spark meaningful educational innovation. This paper describes an international study engaging teachers of professionalizing courses in the educational area across the world (N=120). The aim was to investigate their perception of the induced distance education in terms of teaching methodology and assessment practices. Emerging findings indicate a silver lining in the midst of the pandemic storm, as teaching practices gear more towards being student-centred.
Ranking EU Climate and Energy Policies
Authors: Pakere Ieva , Prodanuks Toms , Kamenders Agris , Veidenbergs Ivars , Holler Stefan , Villere Agnese , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The European Union (EU) has set ambitious targets to increase the overall energy efficiency and decrease the environmental impact by introducing the ‘Green Deal.’ It is an EU plan for the transition to zero greenhouse gas emissions. The overall data analyses of GHG emissions per capita and GDP value in different EU countries show that the GDP increase in 2010–2017 has not increased GHG emissions. Therefore, the link between the GDP increase through energy resource usage increase has been eliminated. However, not all of the EU 27 member states contributed to the overall EU green policy equally. The article presents the methodology for the energy and environmental performance status analyses by evaluating nine different indicators (share of renewable energy, greenhouse gases per GDP, energy intensity, primary efficiency, industry efficiency, energy consumption in households, space heating efficiency, pollutant emissions from transport and specific energy consumption of transport sector) for EU member states. Indicators have been tested through correlation analyses. The use of multidimensional Energy and climate policy indicator has been proposed to rank the performance of different EU countries. The results show that the countries with the highest score in climate and energy indicator values are Sweden, Denmark, Latvia, Austria, Finland, Ireland, and Lithuania. The lowest obtained values are Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and France.