bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF PHONEMICALLY BALANCED WORD LISTS
FOR ADULTS IN THE KANNADA LANGUAGE
Authors: Manjula Puttabasappa , Antony Jawahar , Kumar Keelara , Geetha Chinnaraj 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundStandard word lists are required to assess an individual’s level of speech understanding. The material should comprise a number of lists and has to be in the listener’s native language. The aim of the present study was to develop and standardize a set of phonemically balanced word lists for adults in the Kannada language.Material and MethodsExactly 1200 bisyllabic Kannada words were collected from various sources and evaluated for familiarity. The words that were familiar (820 of them) were assessed for equivalency at –3 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to make
sure that the words in the lists were of equal difficulty. Equivalency across the word lists were assessed, in quiet at four sensation levels, on 65 participants with normal hearing. Equivalency was also assessed on 100 participants with normal hearing in noise at –3 dB SNR.ResultsThe assessment of word equivalency revealed that 769 words had a score of around 50% identification at –3 dB SNR.
These words were then used to construct 25 test lists each containing 25 words. Except for List 5, all other word lists were
equivalent in quiet. The performance intensity function for phonemically balanced words in quiet was derived at 4 SLs for all
the other 24 lists. Assessment of list equivalency in noise revealed that Lists 1, 4, 5, and 12 were significantly different from
the other lists. After removing these four lists, the mean word recognition score was 46.04% (raw score) at –3 dB SNR in 100
individuals with normal hearing sensitivity.ConclusionsThe standardized 24 word lists in quiet and 21 word lists in noise can be used for adults in routine speech identification testing, assessment of hearing aid benefits, and for research that requires multiple word lists.
HEARING LOSS AND VERY LOW BIRTHWEIGHT
Authors: Barreiro Silvia , Gonzalez Juan , Acosta Angel , Macias Angel 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundRegardless of gestational age, any newborn (NB) with a weight at birth of <1500 g is considered to be of very
low birth weight (VLBW). The incidence of hearing loss in this population group is 5–6% but the frequency of moderate or
severe hearing loss in children of VLBW is 2%.Material and MethodsRetrospective study of 364 NBs with birth weight <1500 g. Two levels of TEOAE screening were conducted, followed by an ABR test if the initial testing was inconclusive. The SPSS statistical software package, version 20.0 for
Windows, was used for statistical processing of data. Fisher’s Exact Test was used to study possible associations among categorical variablesResultsFrom 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2010, a total of 26,708 subjects were included in the hearing screening program.
Out of these, 364 were NBs of VLBW. Out of 112 NBs with VLBW, 76 (67.8%) had an ABR test done. Of these, 22 showed
signs of hearing loss. Eight of them (36.4%) were diagnosed with sensorioneural hearing loss (SNHL), and out of these, 2 infants had bilateral profound SNHL. The risk factor for hearing loss most frequently associated with VLBW was the use of ototoxic medications.ConclusionsHearing loss diagnosis among VLBW NBs is higher than the percentage in the general population. All subjects diagnosed with hearing loss were very premature infants and had one or two other auditory risk factors associated
with their VLBW.
APPLICATION OF THE IQIPP-AH STUDENT GUIDE
IN AUDIOLOGY CLINICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Driscoll Carlie , Sowden Hayley , Boundy Kate 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundUsing reflection tools benefits the ongoing development of clinicians. However, there is a paucity of instruments
appropriate for reflection in audiology clinical education, despite the availability of such tools in other disciplines. This paper describes a tool – Improving Quality in Practice Placements - Allied Health (iQIPP-AH) Student Guide – for promoting
self-reflection.Material and MethodsA prospective, cohort study in Master of Audiology Studies students (n=23). The tool was applied as
an assessment task within a clinical placement course, followed by descriptive analysis of quantitative responses and thematic treatment of qualitative responses.ResultsLess than 75% of the cohort reported completing tasks associated with: (i) pre-reading in preparation for clinical
placement; (ii) participation in team activities during placement; and (iii) provision of feedback to practice educators and universities post-placement. Major qualitative themes included lack of established learning goals, willingness to seek educator
feedback, willingness to network and engage with other staff, desire to strive for independence, need for resumé writing, improvement in clinical skills, and the intention to continue with reflection and proactivity. Up to 52% of students intended to
take further action in relation to the tool’s Quality Indicators.ConclusionsThe iQIPP-AH Student Guide has the potential to be a useful reflective tool for students in audiology
IPSILATERAL SUPPRESSION OF TRANSIENT EVOKED
OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS IN ADULTS
Authors: Kei Joseph , Fullerton Amanda , Smith Beatrice , Henderson Lisa , Collins Alison , Smith Joanna , Wilson Wayne 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundMeasurement of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex provides useful clinical information for understanding
the function of the auditory system. Although transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) suppression has been demonstrated to be an indicator of MOC activity, its full role and fine details of TEOAE suppression spectra are still not clear. The
aim of this study was to investigate details of ipsilateral suppression of TEOAEs in normally hearing adults.Material and MethodsExactly 29 adults (13 males, 16 females, mean age 26.5 years, range 18–42 years), who passed a battery of tests including otoscopy, pure tone audiometry, immittance, and TEOAE tests, participated in the study. Suppression
was evaluated by comparing TEOAEs obtained with and without an ipsilateral suppressor in a forward-masking paradigm.ResultsIn general, suppression was small – less than 1.4 dB at all frequencies studied. The spectrum of mean TEOAE suppression showed suppression was greatest between 586 and 3711 Hz (0.6–1.4 dB) but less than 0.6 dB between 3906 and 4883 Hz.
Mean suppression increased with post-stimulus time from 0.1 dB in the 2–4 ms time window to a maximum of 2.26 dB in
the 16–18 ms window; the mean suppression between 8 and 18 ms after noise stimulation was 1.32 dB (range=0.22–3.23 dB).
There were no significant gender or ear-laterality effects. Noise levels as measured in the ear canal were found to have a significant effect on calculated suppression at some frequencies.ConclusionsThe present study provides evidence of small ipsilateral TEOAE suppression by forward-masking noise in normally hearing adults. However, care is needed in interpreting the findings as noise in the ear canal can be a confounding factor during measurement of TEOAE suppression.
CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA OF THE EARDRUM
AND EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL: CASE PRESENTATION
AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Dimitriou Anastasia , Chrysovergis Aristeidis , Giannopoulos Dimitrios , Bibas Athanasios 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundAn external auditory canal cavernous hemangioma, with or without involvement of the eardrum and middle
ear (ME), is rare; only 23 cases have been described so far.Case reportWe present a patient with cavernous hemangioma of the external auditory canal, which extended to the tympanic cavity and presented with intermittent episodes of bleeding. Total excision was curative with no recurrence at 9-month
follow up. In addition, the literature is reviewed with respect to epidemiology, presentation, evaluation and treatment options
for hemangiomas arising from the external ear canal.ConclusionsTreatment is achieved by excising the entire lesion, using a transcanal, endaural, or postauricural approach. For
hemangiomas extending to the medial aspect of the external auditory canal or the tympanic membrane, a retroauricular approach is favoured.
AUDIOMETRIC THRESHOLD MEASUREMENT
IN CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY:
PREFERRED RESPONSE MODE
Authors: Ansari Mohammad 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe accuracy of pure tone audiometry is important for the success of auditory assessments and in monitoring rehabilitation
programs for auditory disorders. Studies have reported that pushing a button as a response mode has a significant effect on pure tone thresholds in subjects with normal and impaired hearing. We therefore assumed that a push-button response mode may negatively impact pure
tone threshold measurement in subjects with intellectual disability (ID) owing to their impaired cognition and poor motor coordination. The
current study compares in persons with ID the number of presentations, number of false alarms, test duration, and participant preference
across three response modes during audiometry.Material and MethodsAir-conduction thresholds were measured for each response mode – push button, hand raise, and verbal – at octave intervals between 500 and 2000 Hz in the right ear of 14 children with intellectual disability. The order of the response mode was randomly assigned to three subgroups.ResultsThe results indicated that among ID subjects a verbal response yielded a threshold in significantly less time. There was a significant
preference for using the verbal response. Children who were assigned a push button or hand raise also responded with a verbal response. For
push button participants, this occurred before the button was pushed and for the hand raising participants, a verbal response occurred before the button push.ConclusionsThe study finds verbal responses more beneficial in measuring auditory thresholds in children with ID.
TINNITUS SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH
COCHLEAR IMPLANTS
Authors: Skarzynski Piotr , Swierniak Weronika , Rajchel Joanna , Dziendziel Beata , Raj-Koziak Danuta , Skarzynski Henryk 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionCochlear implantation is the most effective method of hearing rehabilitation in a group method in group of patients with severe and profound sensorineural hearing loss. Furthermore, tinnitus is a frequent symptom related to hearing impairment. The aim of this
study was to assess severity of tinnitus before and after cochlear implantation.Material and MethodsThis study included 70 patients (35 women and 35 men), who were implanted. Tinnitus severity was evaluated three
times: preoperatively, at activation and one month after implantation. Tinnitus and Hearing Survey (THS), Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI)
and Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) were used to assess tinnitus severity. THS and THI adaptation were conducted in the World Hearing
Center of the Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing.ResultsThe results showed that tinnitus was experienced in 65.7% of patients who were qualified to cochlear implantation. One-sided tinnitus (in the operated ear) was experienced in 54.4% cases and bilateral tinnitus in 45.6%. Hearing impairment was the primary complaint
of 93.5% cases. Preoperatively, severity of tinnitus was assessed as moderate (THI M=39.9; SD=23.4; TFI M=38.4; SD=21). Results after one
monthly observation suggested mild tinnitus severity (M=25.6; SD=21.9; TFI M=29.2; SD=20.6).ConclusionsMonthly observation showed that severity of tinnitus after cochlear implantation decreased
BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO
(BPPV): CASE REPORT WITH EPLEY MANOEUVER
Authors: Silva Ana , Tome David , Olsen Unn 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a peripheral vestibular dysfunction which represents about 70% of vestibular
pathology presented at ENT clinics. However, a variety of first treatment approaches are reported among clinicians.Case reportWe present the case of a 39-year-old woman who presented vertigo which worsened with head movement to the left. The
patient reported dizziness and migraine over the previous three days. Audiological testing revealed normal hearing, but under postural examination the Dix-Hallpike manoeuver was positive to BPPV of the left posterior canal. The patient was treated with a single Epley
manoeuver.ConclusionsAfter the Epley manoeuver the patient had no further symptoms of vertigo or dizziness. The Dix-Hallpike manoeuver was effective as a differential diagnosis. The Epley manoeuver was successful in a case in which canalithiasis was believed to be the cause of the vertigo.
BENEFIT FROM AN AUDIO PROCESSOR UPGRADE
IN EXPERIENCED USERS OF AN ACTIVE MIDDLE
EAR IMPLANT: SPEECH UNDERSTANDING IN
NOISE AND SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
Authors: Mühlmeier Guido , Aigner Eberhard , Brumma Iris , Schlegel Alexander , Tisch Matthias 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundMicrophone directionality plays an important role in speech understanding in challenging acoustic environments. A new audio
processor (AP) from Med-El, known as Samba, automatically detects and selects optimal settings depending on the listening situation. This clinical investigation evaluated speech understanding in noise and subjective benefit of an AP upgrade from the prior Amadé to the new Samba.Material and MethodsFourteen Vibrant Soundbridge users with at least 3 months experience with the Amadé AP received the new Samba AP.
Speech recognition in quiet was measured using the Freiburger monosyllable test. Speech understanding in noise was assessed using the Oldenburger sentence test. Subjective benefit was determined with the Hearing Device Satisfaction Scale and the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit.ResultsNo differences were detected in pure tone audiometry or speech recognition in quiet between the two audio processors. However, the
new Samba AP performed significantly better in challenging noise situations: when speech came from the front and noise from the back, the
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improved by 3.4 dB with the automatic mode of the Samba AP compared to the Amadé AP. When the sources of
speech and noise were switched, a significant improvement of 1.8 dB SNR was observed. Based on the two questionnaires, subjective benefit
in daily life and device satisfaction were comparable for the two APs.ConclusionsDue to its new features, the Samba AP gave significantly better results in challenging acoustical test situations. Even when the direction of background noise changed, the Samba AP performed better due to the new built-in adaptive directional microphones.
TIMELY APPLICATION OF HEARING AIDS HELPS PRESERVE SPEECH DISCRIMINATION ABILITY
Authors: Abdi Susan 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundHearing damage has been related to certain brain conditions, particularly cognitive impairment. Hearing aids are commonly prescribed to compensate for hearing loss. In the current study, the time from when a hearing aid was first used by a patient was studied in terms of their speech discrimination ability in comparison with matched individuals who used no hearing aids.Material and methodsSome 204 patients were enrolled and classified into two groups: 102 patients willing to use a hearing aid as soon as their hearing loss was diagnosed (Aided Group) and 102 patients who were also diagnosed with hearing loss but did not adopt hearing aids (Unaided group). The mean hearing threshold (HT) at octave intervals from 125 to 8000 Hz, speech reception threshold (SRT), and speech discrimination score (SDS) were compared between the two groups of patients at 18 and 36 months.ResultsAccording to measurements 36 months after a patient’s first attendance, patients who did not use a hearing aid immediately had significantly lower SDS scores compared to patients who decided to use hearing aids early on. This clearly demonstrates that timely application of hearing aids can prevent the loss of speech perception capabilities.ConclusionsIt is suggested that the golden time for hearing aid application is important. Hearing aids worn during the early stages of hearing loss can lead to improved speech discrimination ability. If there is hearing loss while discrimination is good (80% or higher), a hearing aid will be very useful. However, if discrimination is poor the results will not be as good.
LOOKING FOR A BETTER QUALITY OF LIFE: CHARACTERISTICS AND EXPECTATIONS OF AUSTRALIANS ON A WAITLIST FOR A HEARING ASSISTANCE DOG
Authors: Drewitt Smith Jordan , Driscoll Carlie , Pachana Nancy 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundHearing assistance dogs not only alert their hearing-impaired owners to environmental sounds but may also improve their quality of life. Unfortunately, audiologists rarely recommend this service, potentially due to a dearth of associated literature. This study explores the demographic and audiological characteristics, general health, socio-emotional functioning, and expectations of persons seeking a hearing dog.Material and methodsThis prospective cohort study of 23 respondents from the 2019 Australian Lions hearing dog waitlist utilized a written survey method.ResultsRespondents were predominately female (78%), financially stable (91%), had previous pet ownership experience (91%), a self-reported severe/profound sensorineural hearing loss (92%), and were regular hearing device users (87%). Respondents reported substantial social and emotional limitations. Overall, the health function of respondents was below that of the general population. Social function was also comparatively impaired. Most respondents strongly agreed that the hearing dog should be “a companion” and “a living thing to love.”ConclusionsRespondents were demographically varied but were regular hearing-device users, with significant social, emotional, and health limitations. In addition to being alerted to environmental sounds, respondents expected the hearing dog to serve a broad socio-emotional function.
CSOM CAN LEAD TO INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS: A COMPLICATION UNEARTHED IN A SERIES OF 9 CASES
Authors: Jain Tushar , Sanju Himanshu , Burdak Monika , Kumar Ashok 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) leads to numerous well identified complications reported by many researchers.Case reportPresent case study includes 9 patients with CSOM (active squamous type) where we found infective endocarditis as a rare complication.ConclusionsThe current study highlights the importance of early management of CSOM and proper cardiologic evaluation which can prevent catastrophic complications such as infective endocarditis.
Tinnitus in children
Authors: Raj-Koziak Danuta , Bieńkowska Katarzyna , Skarżyński Henryk , Skarżyński Piotr 
Published: May 2021

CelCelem pracy była ocena problemu, jaki stanowią szumy uszne u dzieci.Materiał i metodaNa podstawie przeglądu piśmiennictwa oraz doświadczeń własnych przeprowadzono analizy na temat: rodzaju szumów usznych, przyczyn ich występowania, epidemiologii oraz zależności pomiędzy występowaniem szumów usznych a płcią,
wiekiem dziecka oraz współistniejącym niedosłuchem.WynikiSzeroki rozrzut wyników badań epidemiologicznych uniemożliwia zajęcie jednoznacznego stanowiska w kwestii częstości
występowania szumów usznych u dzieci. Częstość występowania tej dolegliwości wśród dzieci wzrasta wraz z wiekiem. Szumy uszne
mogą wpływać negatywnie na jakość życia dziecka, powodując problemy ze snem oraz zaburzenia lękowe i depresyjne. Obecność
szumów usznych istotnych klinicznie mogłaby być kryterium kwalifikującym dzieci do dalszej diagnostyki, natomiast ich podział na
dokuczliwe i niedokuczliwe mógłby stanowić kryterium kwalifikujące do terapii. Pytanie o obecność szumów usznych powinno zostać włączone do rutynowego wywiadu klinicznego, zbieranego od dziecka powyżej 6 roku życia.WnioskiSzumy uszne dziecięce wymagają opracowania jednolitego, przyjaznego dziecku i jego rodzicom, powszechnie obowiązującego schematu postępowania diagnostycznego i terapeutycznego.
Psychological hospitalization of patients
suffering from tinnitus – subjective evaluation
of participants
Authors: Fludra Małgorzata , Karendys-Łuszcz Karina , Sarnicka Izabela 
Published: May 2021

WstępCelem hospitalizacji psychologicznych prowadzonych w Instytucie Fizjologii i Patologii Słuchu, opartych na założeniach terapii poznawczo-behawioralnej, jest ułatwienie pacjentom adaptacji do dolegliwości, jaką są szumy uszne. Zadaniem działań rehabilitacyjnych jest kształtowanie takich reakcji na szumy uszne w obszarach percepcji, uwagi, emocji i zachowania, które wpłyną na
zmianę odczuwania ich dokuczliwości i poprawę funkcjonowania pacjenta w życiu codziennym.CelCelem pracy jest przedstawienie rezultatów subiektywnej oceny rehabilitacji psychologicznych oraz ich wpływu na poznawcze
i emocjonalne reakcje związane z odczuwaniem szumów usznych, dokonanej przez pacjentów uczestniczących w tych hospitalizacjach.Materiał i metodyNa hospitalizację kierowano pacjentów zdiagnozowanych audiologicznie, poinformowanych o zasadach terapii
TRT. Osobami badanymi było 152 pacjentów (śr. wiek 55,9 lat) uczestniczących w tygodniowej, stacjonarnej rehabilitacji psychologicznej. Badani wypełniali ankietę dotyczącą przebytej terapii stworzoną na potrzeby niniejszego badania. Oceny dokonywano bezpośrednio po zakończonej hospitalizacji rehabilitacyjnej.Wyniki i wnioskiOtrzymane wyniki pokazują, że hospitalizacje psychologiczne są, z punktu widzenia pacjenta, istotnym elementem terapii szumów usznych.
Screening questionnaire of vestibular
symptoms
Authors: Gos Elżbieta , Ratajczak Alina , Tacikowska Grażyna , Sosna Magdalena , Piłka Adam , Skarżyński Piotr 
Published: May 2021

Cel pracyCelem pracy jest przedstawienie kwestionariusza przesiewowego do oceny zawrotów głowy i zaburzeń równowagi.Materiały i metodyPodstawą teoretyczną konstrukcji kwestionariusza jest klasyfikacja zaburzeń przedsionkowych zaproponowana
przez Międzynarodowe Towarzystwo Otoneurologiczne im. Bárány’ego. W badaniu pilotażowym wzięło udział 30 pacjentów z Poradni Zawrotów Głowy i Zaburzeń Równowagi w Instytucie Fizjologii i Patologii Słuchu, badaniem właściwym objęto 81 pacjentów,
grupę kontrolną stanowiło 56 osób zdrowych.WynikiProces konstrukcji kwestionariusza był wieloetapowy i został zakończony utworzeniem krótkiego narzędzia złożonego z 12
pozycji odnoszących się do występowania zawrotów głowy i zaburzeń równowagi. Kwestionariusz odznacza się wysoką trafnością
i pozwala na dokonanie rzetelnego pomiaru.WnioskiPrzedstawiony kwestionariusz do oceny zawrotów głowy i zaburzeń równowagi może być stosowany w badaniach przesiewowych oraz przez lekarzy pierwszego kontaktu w celu zidentyfikowania osób, u których występuje podwyższone ryzyko zaburzeń
układu równowagi.
Application of the middle ear implant Vibrant Soundbridge
in a child with Goltz-Gorlin syndrome with unilateral
congenital atresia and mixed hearing loss
Authors: Skarżyński Henryk , Porowski Marek 
Published: May 2021

Celcelem pracy było przedstawienie procedury chirurgicznej oraz wyników zastosowania implantu ucha środkowego Vibrant Soundbridge u dziecka płci żeńskiej z zespołem Goltza-Gorlina z obustronnym asymetrycznym niedosłuchem mieszanym oraz wadą ucha zewnętrznego i środkowego w postaci mikrocji, atrezji przewodu słuchowego zewnętrznego oraz złożonej wady kosteczek słuchowych.Metodaw leczeniu niedosłuchu zastosowano wszczepienie implantu ucha środkowego Vibrant Soundbridge z zakotwiczeniem
przetwornika FMT na zdeformowanym bloku kosteczek słuchowych z dojścia przez antromastoidektomię i attykotomię tylną.Wynikiwyniki wczesne oraz po 2-letniej obserwacji są bardzo dobre. Nie zaobserwowano powikłań podczas operacji oraz
w przebiegu procesu gojenia. Pooperacyjne badanie audiometrii tonalnej nie wykazało zmian w stosunku do badania sprzed
operacji.WnioskiVibrant Soundbridge jest bardzo dobrym rozwiązaniem w złożonych wadach ucha zewnętrznego i środkowego,
w tym w zespole Goltza-Gorlina. Procedura otochirurgiczna wymaga dużego doświadczenia, które pozwoli w różnym stopniu niedorozwoju ucha środkowego na jego bezpieczne otwarcie, uruchomienie istniejącego w całości lub części łańcucha kosteczek słuchowych i umocowanie zakończenia elektrody stymulującej (przetwornika FMT).