bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of Health Transformation Plan on natural vaginal delivery and cesarean section frequency in Iran: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Lotfi Farhad , Lohivash Saeed , Kavosi Zahra , Owjimehr Sakine , Bayati Mohsen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the Iran’s Health Transformation Plan on the frequency of natural vaginal deliveries (NVDs), cesarean sections (CSs), and total deliveries in the Fars province of Iran.

Results
Average number of total deliveries before and after the reform were 3946 and 3810, respectively (p  =  0.164). The ratio of CS to total deliveries in the first study month was 54%. This rate reached 47% in the last month (p  <  0.01). However, it had much fluctuation trend. The ITSA results showed that in the short-run, the NVD rate increased (β  =  492.79, p  <  0.01), the rate of CS decreased (β  =  − 407.09, p  <  0.01), and total deliveries increased (β  =  85.75, p  <  0.724). However, in the long-run, the NVD (β  =  5.74, p  <  0.423), CS (β  =  10.21, p  <  0.189), and total deliveries (β  =  15.96, p  <  0.256) had no significant changes after the reform. Encouraging the NVD package was influential in the short-run but not in the longrun in Iran. Pricing and supply-side policies could not reduce the rate of non-clinical CS on their own. Therefore, paying attention to demand-side policies and changes in consumer behaviors, such as educating the women at the age of pregnancy about the advantages and disadvantages of CS and NVD and correcting misconceptions, could be helpful.
The new criteria for a COVID19 patient for the clinical practice to determine the need for an early therapeutic regimen and to decrease mortality
Authors: Bukhari Mulazim Hussain , Zain Shahzadi , Syed Mobeen 
Published: July 2021

A new predictive criterion is being proposed for the determination of cytokine storm (CS) in COVID-19 (COVID-CS). It is comprised of results of laboratory that associate the pro-inflammatory status, systemic cell death, multi-organ tissue damage, and pre-renal electrolyte imbalance. The data identifies the patients’ stay in hospitals and their mortality with the relevance of hyper-inflammation and tissue damage during the CS. The criteria can be readily used in clinical practice to determine the need for an early therapeutic regimen, block the hyper-immune response and possibly decrease mortality. It helps to understand the nature of the virus by following a specific criterion to predict the disease. The SARS-CoV-2 tells us in few days what nature has decided for the patient i.e., recovery, death or permanent disability.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3630
How to cite this:Bukhari MH, Zain S, Syed M. The new criteria for a COVID19 patient for the clinical practice to determine the need for an early therapeutic regimen and to decrease mortality. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):1536-1539. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3630
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The challenge of Burnout in Public Medical Teachers in Pakistan: A mixed methods study
Authors: Hashmi Ali Madeeh 
Published: July 2021

Background and Objectives: Burnout is common in healthcare workers and affects multiple domains of functioning. The objective of this study was to assess burnout in medical teachers in a large public medical university in Lahore, Pakistan and explore the factors behind it.
Methods: Using an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, we first sent out the abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory (aMBI) to all teaching faculty of basic and clinical science at King Edward Medical University (KEMU) Lahore. Descriptive analysis was performed on the 203 respondents who returned the survey. Of those who scored higher on the aMBI, 10 respondents (8 clinical science faculty and two basic science faculty) were selected for detailed semi-structured interviews exploring possible reasons for burnout. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts was performed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Triangulation and member checking was used for validation.
Results: About 38.9% of respondents scored high on the Emotional Exhaustion subscale and 31.5% scored high on the Depersonalization subscale. There were statistically significant differences on the mean Emotional Exhaustion scores (p <0.001) between Basic and Clinical Sciences Departments with respondents from the Clinical Departments having higher scores (7.84 ± 4.32). Four main themes and multiple sub-themes emerged around burnout after qualitative analysis of the data. These included 1. Work-related factors 2. Family and social factors including challenges related specifically to women 3. Feelings and emotions and 4. Personal Qualities.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of medical faculty experiences burnout related to their professional and personal responsibilities. The reasons are varied. Policy planners and University/College administrators must acknowledge the negative effects of burnout on medical teachers and take steps to ameliorate it in the interests of improving medical education and training.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4429
How to cite this:Hashmi AM. The challenge of Burnout in Public Medical Teachers in Pakistan: A mixed methods study. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):1268-1275. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4429
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Moral Injury, Emotional Labor and Burnout: An Unbearable Burden for Health Professionals
Authors: Safdar Chaudhry Aqeel , Qayyum Rashid 
Published: July 2021

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4794
How to cite this:Safdar CA, Qayyum R. Moral Injury, Emotional Labor and Burnout: An Unbearable Burden for Health Professionals. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):1256-1258. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.4794
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Learners, teachers and places: A conceptual framework for creative pedagogies
Authors: Tasler Nathalie , Dale Vicki Harcus Morgan 
Published: July 2021

This exploratory paper introduces a theoretical framework which helps educators in higher education to navigate the complex relationships between self, students, and place. It is also written for academic developers who support the evolving identities and pedagogies of lecturers undertaking professional development. The framework focuses on students, teachers and places as actors (first space) that interact, giving rise to transformational (second) spaces. At the heart of the framework (third space), all three actors dynamically interact through creative pedagogies for active, transformational learning, physically and/or digitally. Although the term ‘third space’ typically refers to the merging of two physical places (Flessner, 2014), we perceive it here as a merging of three ‘actors’ with constantly changing identities to create a dynamic third space for transformation and student-centred learning
Godaan Versus Integritas Seorang Hakim dalam Cerpen “Yang Mulia” Karya Insan Budi Maulana (Pendekatan Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud)
Authors: Falah Fajrul 
Published: July 2021

This research is based on the short story "Yang Mulia" by Insan Budi Maulana, indicated to reflect the reality of law enforcement practices. There are unethical practices carried out by law enforcers (judges). This unethical practice becomes biased because it is done by many people and becomes collective knowledge. Therefore, the problem in this study is how the inner turmoil of the characters (id, ego, superego) in the short story. Does Hakim Subakti work to have integrity or is he hesitant to face temptation. This study aims to reveal the id, ego, superego of the characters in the short story. The research approach used was Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis. The qualitative descriptive research method was used to analyze the data. The words, phrases and sentences in the short stories are interpreted with a literary psychology approach. The results showed that Hakim Subakti's inner turmoil when he was rewarded by party litigants. Money (reward) is able to change a judge who initially has integrity (superego dominant), becomes doubtful and tempted (toward the id and dominant ego).
A survey on potato productivity, cultivation and management constraints in Mbala district of Northern Zambia
Authors: Chilipa Lorraine N. K. , Mukuma Chikoti , Tembo Langa , Chalwe Able , Bwembya Shadreck , Chama Crisanty 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In Zambia, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation is ranked the third most important among root and tuber crops after cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.). In spite of its importance, the productivity and cultivation of potato remain low. In the light of this, a survey was conducted in Mbala district to obtain and document farmers’ knowledge on potato cultivation and understand the constraints associated with potato cultivation and management. Four agricultural camps in Mbala district were purposefully sampled due to the high potato cultivation activity. Data were collected from 116 potato farmers through structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. Results showed that three major constraints in potato cultivation were white grub (Phyllophaga spp.), foliar wilts (Ralstonia spp. and Verticillium spp.) and seed source, with a farmer-ranked mean-derived score of 3.75, 3.5 and 2.75, respectively. Farmers ascribed 70% crop damage to white grub (Phyllophaga spp.) and 60% crop damage to foliar wilts (Ralstonia spp. and Verticillium spp.). Other information obtained indicated that the majority of the farmers (>85%) were married, above 35 years and had at least primary education. The majority of the farmers involved in the study had less than 0.25 ha under potato production. To reduce the cultivation constraints for increased potato production in Mbala, direct breeding efforts, potato crop protection and other measures need to be employed.
The Effect of STEM-PjBL and Discovery Learning on Improving Students' Problem-Solving Skills of Impulse and Momentum Topic
Authors: Purwaningsih E. , Sari S. P. , Sari A. M. , Suryadi A. 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to investigate the effect of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics-Project Based Learning (STEM-PjBL) and discovery learning on students' problem-solving abilities. The research is a Quasi-Experiment with a Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The participants involved are 53 students of class X from a high school in Malang, where 28 students studied with STEM-PjBL, and 25 students studied with discovery learning. This research was conducted on the subject of impulse and momentum. In this analysis, researchers have developed problem-solving tools with a particular field approach to impulse and momentum topics in order to obtain an instrument with a reliability ofÂ 0.81. This instrument collects student problem-solving data before and after learning both in the experimental class and in the comparison class. Problem-solving skills data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results showed a significant difference in the scores of students' problem-solving abilities in the experimental class and the comparison class (p<0.05). The problem-solving ability in the experimental class (Md=78.74) was higher than the comparison class (Md=70.00). In STEM-PjBL learning, students are better trained and challenged to solve problems in everyday life. Compared to the comparison class, learning in the experimental class is more able to accommodate students' ideas and make students more interested in learning. In conclusion, STEM-PjBL has a significant positive effect on improving students' problem-solving abilities rather than discovery learning.
The Integration of Islamic Stock Markets of OIC Countries in China Stock Market Crisis and US-China Trade War
Authors: Siswara Deri , Effendi Jaenal , Muthoharroh Marhamah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to analyze the integration and response of the Islamic stock market of the OIC countries before the crisis and during the China stock market crisis, also during the United States-China trade war with the ARDL method. The results showed that there was no cointegration in the period before the China stock market crisis. However, during the period of the China stock market crisis and the United States-China trade war, the cointegration was more common. The Indonesia Islamic stock market in the two crisis periods had a long-term relationship with the US and China stock markets. In terms of the benefits of portfolio diversification for investors, there is relevance of dominant economic, geographical, and trade relations in influencing the integration of the Islamic stock market.Keywords: Market Integration, Islamic Stock, China Stock Market Crisis, US-China Trade War, ARDL. Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis integrasi dan respon pasar saham syariah negara-negara OKI sebelum dan saat terjadi krisis pasar saham Tiongkok, serta saat terjadi perang dagang Amerika Serikat-Tiongkok dengan metode ARDL. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat kointegrasi atau hubungan jangka panjang pada semua pasar saham syariah negara-negara anggota OKI pada periode sebelum krisis pasar saham Tiongkok. Akan tetapi, pada perode krisis pasar saham Tiongkok dan perang dagang Amerika Serikat-Tiongkok, integrasi antar pasar saham syariah di negara OKI lebih banyak ditemukan. Pasar saham syariah Indonesia dalam dua periode krisis memiliki hubungan jangka panjang dengan pasar saham Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok. Dalam hal manfaat diversifikasi portofolio bagi investor, terdapat relevansi kekuatan ekonomi yang dominan, faktor geografis, dan hubungan perdagangan dalam mempengaruhi integrasi pasar saham syariah.Kata kunci: Integrasi Pasar, Saham Syariah, Krisis Pasar Saham Tiongkok, Perang Dagang AS-Tiongkok, ARDL.
Pelaksanaan Informasi Desa Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa
Authors: Puji Puji , Rohmah Siti Ngainnur 
Published: July 2021

The village information system in the village of Mekarjaya not using a website-based information system. This is the concern of previous authors so difficult to find information Village from the official site of the Village. This paper discusses the management of village information is the implementation of Village-based information website. This research uses normative legal research methods, with a law approach and historical approach. Primary legal material namely Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages (Additional State Gazette Number 5495), Secondary Legal Materials contained in the book, legal and internet journals. Research result (1) Local Governments both from the district until village levels are obliged to hold good Village Information facilities. (2) Village officials in Mekarjaya must provide minimal information facilities for information boards to Website-based Village Information services.Keywords: Village Law, Transparency, Village information, website AbstrakSistem informasi Desa yang ada di Desa Mekarjaya belum menggunakan sistem informasi yang berbasis Website. Hal ini yang menjadi perhatian penulis karena sebelumnya begitu sulit mencari informasi Desa dari situs resmi Desa. Tulisan ini membahas pengelolaan informasi desa yaitu Pelaksanaan informasi Desa yang berbasis website. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan historis. Bahan hukum Primer yakni Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa (Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 5495), Bahan Hukum Skunder yang ada di dalam buku, jurnal hukum, dan internet. Hasil Penelitian (1) Pemerintah Daerah baik dari tingkat kabupaten hingga Desa berkewajiban mengadakan sarana Informasi Desa yang baik. (2) Pejabat Desa Mekarjaya dalam kesahariannya harus memberikan sarana Informasi minimal papan Informasi hingga pelayanan Informasi Desa yang berbasis Website.Kata Kunci: Undang-Undang Desa; Transparansi; informasi Desa; website
Pachyonychia Congenita Type PC-K6a: The first report in the Vietnamese population
Authors: Chu Ha Thi , Le Doanh Huu , Le Thieu Van , Nguyen Binh Bui , Schwartz Janice , Vu Quang Van 
Published: July 2021

Background: Pachyonychia congenita (PC) comprises a group of rare autosomal dominant genetic disorders. It is characterized by hypertrophic nail dystrophy, focal palmoplantar keratoderma, follicular keratosis, and oral leukokeratosis. It is associated with mutations in five differentiationspecific keratin genes: KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C, KRT16, or KRT17. The case is being reported for its rarity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of PC, from Vietnam, confirmed by genetic analysis.
Case presentation: A four-year-old Vietnamese girl presented with a thickened nail and oral leukokeratosis soon after birth. She was diagnosed with onychomycosis and chronic oral candidiasis and was treated with systemic anti-fungals in children's hospitals and dermatology departments multiple times; however, no treatments were effective. In collaboration with the International Pachyonychia Congenita Research Registry (IPCRR), the clinical features were consistent with a diagnosis of PC type PC-K6a. The genetic testing, performed through the IPCRR, shows a K6a N171K mutation.
Conclusions: The IPCRR helps screen PC's clinical features and confirm a diagnosis at the molecular level, which is beneficial and crucial for validating the condition's clinical impression.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES & APPLICATIONS AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Haider Syed Zubair , Munawar Uzma , Bibi Hamida , Hussain Farooq , Wadood Abdul 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: This study analysed the relationship between Online Social Networking websites and Applications (OSNSA) and university students' academic achievement.
Methodology: In the present research, a quantitative research design was followed, and a survey research type of descriptive research was used in this study. Data were collected from 150 university students using a modified version of The Online Social Networking Sites scale (Paul, Baker, & Cochran, 2012). The correlation was calculated by using the SPSS 22nd version.
Main Findings: The findings revealed a connection between students' time spent on OSNSA and their academic outcomes. The time spent on OSNSA was observed to be strongly influenced by the attention span of the students. In particular, we find that a lower academic output is provided by the greater time spent on OSNSA. Also, attention span was strongly associated with features that influence students' academic success, such as their perceptions of society's social networking outlook, their advantages, and disadvantages of OSNSA, use of OSNSA, etc.
Applications of this study: Many students spend most of their hours on online networking pages, like Facebook, Tok-Tok, and WhatsApp, which are the most common, considering the harmful impact of social media. In certain eyes, social media has embedded a detrimental effect, but it is also used to acquire vital knowledge and social skills for pupils.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is different from other studies because it explores the relationship between social networking sites & the application and academic performance of university students belonging from South Punjab by exploring various facets of OSNSA which ultimately promote university students’ academic performance.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT APPROACH OF CHEMISTRY GRADE IX- X IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Batool Ayesha , Ahmad Saghir , Malik Uzma , Iqbal Sadaf 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: This study was designed to the analysis of curriculum development approach of the National Curriculum for Chemistry Grade IX- X in Pakistan.
Methodology: The study was related to theoretical and content analysis based.
Main Findings: National Chemistry Curriculum for grade IX- X is majorly based on the subject-centered curriculum. To meet the need of society, it demands to cope up with the demands of technology. To enhance the skills of students, activities, and construction of knowledge on their own is stressed in the aims of the curriculum. National Curriculum for Chemistry grades IX- X, 2006 reflects the eclectic approach. It is dominant with subject-centered while assessment is leading with the traditional and teacher-centered approach.
Applications of this study: The curriculum of Chemistry emphasis developing higher order thinking and skills in students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study was based on documented content analysis. The curriculum developmental approach was observed in this study.
Influence Of The Philosophers Ideas On Teaching Arabic In Light Of (Al-Tamayz) Al-Firharwi/ تأثيرأفكار الفلاسفة على تدریس اللغة العربية في ضوء ((التميز)) للفرهاروي
Authors: Saeed Rana Hafiz Ahmed , Khalil Abuzar 
Published: July 2021

The rise of philosophy has coalesced with the start of the world, which means a "strategy". Whether that Strategy is linked to the teaching of a language or something else, and the only way to learn that strategy is through the thoughts of philosophers. This study is an attempt at the philosophy, philosophers, and strategy of their thinkings; whom' Abdul-‘Azīz Firhārvī has mentioned in his valuable manuscript Al-Tamyīz, and also this study will discuss the effects of applying these strategies on the teaching of Arabic Language that how to cultimate philosophical styles of study like;Analytical method, Deep Study Method, Traditional Method, Discusson Method, Practical Method’ within primary or secondary or higher education students.In addition, these methods will promote a technical understanding of Arabic Grammer among students.In this regard, 'Abdul-‘Azīz Firhārvī has selected some prominent philosophers in Al-Tamyīz. Further, it will highlight the selection of chosen philosophers as to why the thoughts of these philosophers have a possible and attainable effect on the teaching of the Arabic Language, and it will also discuss the influential importance of their work. Thus, this study will be beneficial for the teachers and trainers. Moreover, it will also become a landmark for the new researchers to link philosophy with Arabic language teaching.