bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High alert drugs screening using gradient boosting classifier
Authors: Wongyikul Pakpoom , Thongyot Nuttamon , Tantrakoolcharoen Pannika , Seephueng Pusit , Khumrin Piyapong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrescription errors in high alert drugs (HAD), a group of drugs that have a high risk of complications and potential negative consequences, are a major and serious problem in medicine. Standardized hospital interventions, protocols, or guidelines were implemented to reduce the errors but were not found to be highly effective. Machine learning driven clinical decision support systems (CDSS) show a potential solution to address this problem. We developed a HAD screening protocol with a machine learning model using Gradient Boosting Classifier and screening parameters to identify the events of HAD prescription errors from the drug prescriptions of out and inpatients at Maharaj Nakhon Chiang Mai hospital in 2018. The machine learning algorithm was able to screen drug prescription events with a risk of HAD inappropriate use and identify over 98% of actual HAD mismatches in the test set and 99% in the evaluation set. This study demonstrates that machine learning plays an important role and has potential benefit to screen and reduce errors in HAD prescriptions.
Association between phosphate and long-term outcome in CAD patients underwent coronary intervention
Authors: Tsai Tsung-Ying , Hsu Pai-Feng , Wu Cheng-Hsueh , Yang Ya-Ling , Chen Su-Chan , Huang Shao-Sung , Chan Wan Leong , Lin Shing-Jong , Chen Jaw-Wen , Pan Ju-Pin , Charng Min-Ji , Chen Ying-Hwa , Wu Tao-Cheng , Lu Tse-Min , Huang Po-Hsun , Cheng Hao-Min , Huang Chin-Chou , Sung Shih-Hsien , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Leu Hsin-Bang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhosphate has been linked to higher cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, whether phosphate is associated with poor outcomes for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) remained undetermined. 2,894 CAD patients (2,220 male, aged 71.6 ± 12.2), who received PCI at TVGH from 2006 to 2015, with phosphate measurement, were enrolled. The primary outcome was the composite of major adverse CV events [MACE, comprising of CV death, nonfatal MI, and nonfatal stroke] and heart failure hospitalization (HHF). The key secondary outcome was MACE. There was a J-curve association between phosphate and CV events after adjusted for comorbidities and renal function. Phosphate around 3.2 ± 0.1 mg/dL was associated with the lowest CV risk. In Cox analysis, each 1 mg/dL increases in phosphate was associated with a higher risk of MACE + HHF (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.21): CV death (HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.22–1.55) and HHF (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02–1.23). Subgroup analyses showed more prominent association between phosphate and MACE + HHF in male, age > 65, bare-metal stents (BMSs), LVEF < 50%, eGFR < 60, LDL > 70 mg/dL, and emergent PCI. Phosphate has a significant association with the risk of CV events in CAD patients undergoing PCI that was independent of comorbidities and renal function.
Association of TLR 9 gene polymorphisms with remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving TNF-α inhibitors and development of machine learning models
Authors: Kim Woorim , Kim Tae Hyeok , Oh Soo Jin , Kim Hyun Jeong , Kim Joo Hee , Kim Hyoun-Ah , Jung Ju-Yang , Choi In Ah , Lee Kyung Eun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractToll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and TLR9 are known to play important roles in the immune system, and several studies have shown their association with the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). However, studies that investigate the association between TLR4 or TLR9 gene polymorphisms and remission of the disease in RA patients taking TNF-α inhibitors have yet to be conducted. In this context, this study was designed to investigate the effects of polymorphisms in TLR4 and TLR9 on response to TNF-α inhibitors and to train various models using machine learning approaches to predict remission. A total of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigated. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms and response to treatment. Various machine learning methods were utilized for prediction of remission. After adjusting for covariates, the rate of remission of T-allele carriers of TLR9 rs352139 was about 5 times that of the CC-genotype carriers (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.325–19.231, p = 0.018). Among machine learning algorithms, multivariate logistic regression and elastic net showed the best prediction with the area under the receiver-operating curve (AUROC) value of 0.71 (95% CI 0.597–0.823 for both models). This study showed an association between a TLR9 polymorphism (rs352139) and treatment response in RA patients receiving TNF-α inhibitors. Moreover, this study utilized various machine learning methods for prediction, among which the elastic net provided the best model for remission prediction.
Metformin hydrochloride entrapment in sorbitan monostearate for intestinal permeability enhancement and pharmacodynamics
Authors: Mady Omar Y. , Al-Shoubki Adam A. , Donia Ahmed A. , Qasim Waseem 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPenetration enhancement of metformin hydrochloride via its molecular dispersion in sorbitan monostearate microparticles is reported. This represents basic philosophy to maximize its entrapment for maximum penetration effect. Drug dispersion in sorbitan monostearate with different theoretical drug contents (TDC) were prepared. Products showed excellent micromeritics and actual drug content (ADC) increased by increasing TDC. The partition coefficient of the drug products showed huge improvement. This indicates the drug entrapped in the polar part of sorbitan monostearate as a special image which effects on the drug release. The drug permeation profiles from the different products are overlapped with nearly equal permeation parameters. The permeation results suggested the main driving force for improving the drug paracellular pathway is its dispersion in sorbitan monostearate and is independent of ADC. Pharmacodynamic of the products showed a significant improvement than the drug alone at p ˂ 0.05. ANOVA test indicated the insignificant pharmacodynamic difference between the low, middle, and high ADC of the products. An excellent correlation founded between the drug permeation and pharmacodynamic precents. Drug permeation driving force via the paracellular pathway is its entrapment in sorbitan monostearate and independent on ADC. The technique is simple and the products had excellent micromeritics.
Restoration of dysnatremia and acute kidney injury benefits outcomes of acute geriatric inpatients
Authors: Chou Yu-Hsiang , Lu Feng-Ping , Chen Jen-Hau , Wen Chiung-Jung , Lin Kun-Pei , Chou Yi-Chun , Wu Meng-Chen , Chen Yung-Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDysnatremia and dyskalemia are common problems in acutely hospitalized elderly patients. These disorders are associated with an increased risk of mortality and functional complications that often occur concomitantly with acute kidney injury in addition to multiple comorbidities. In a single-center prospective observational study, we recruited 401 acute geriatric inpatients. In-hospital outcomes included all-cause mortality, length of stay, and changes in functional status as determined by the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance, and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). The prevalence of dysnatremia alone, dyskalemia alone, and dysnatremia plus dyskalemia during initial hospitalization were 28.4%, 14.7% and 32.4%, respectively. Patients with electrolyte imbalance exhibited higher mortality rates and longer hospital stays than those without electrolyte imbalance. Those with initial dysnatremia, or dysnatremia plus dyskalemia were associated with worse ADL scores, ECOG performance and CFS scores at discharge. Subgroup analyses showed that resolution of dysnatremia was related to reduced mortality risk and improved CFS score, whereas recovery of renal function was associated with decreased mortality and better ECOG and CFS ratings. Our data suggest that restoration of initial dysnatremia and acute kidney injury during acute geriatric care may benefit in-hospital survival and functional status at discharge.
Synthesis of nanosized nickel zinc ferrite using electric arc furnace dust and ferrous pickle liquor
Authors: Galal Ayman , Sadek Olfat , Soliman Moataz , Ebrahim Shaker , Anas M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractElectric arc furnace dust (EAFD) and waste pickle liquor (WPL); two major side products of the steel industry with negative environmental impact were used for the synthesis of nickel zinc ferrite (NZF); the important magnetic ceramic material of versatile industrial applications. The structural and magnetic properties of the prepared material were examined which showed good magnetic properties (high saturation magnetization and low coercivity) compared with those synthesized from pure reagents. In the applied process, nano sized nickel zinc ferrite (NZF) with a composition of Nix(Zn + impurities)1−xFe2O4 (where x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and impurities of manganese, magnesium, and calcium were prepared using zinc-containing electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) and waste pickle liquor (WPL). The chemical compositions of the prepared samples were determined using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The optimum acetic acid concentration for EAFD treatment was found 2% v/v that decreased Ca content of EAFD by 70.6% without loss of Fe and Zn. The structural and morphological characterization was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) to confirm the formation of Ni–Zn ferrite nanoparticles and estimate the particle sizes. The maximum saturation magnetization (Ms) of 73.89 emu/g was achieved at 0.5 Ni content and the minimum coercivity of 2.55 Oe was obtained at 0.25 Ni content.
Thermal effect of a 445 nm diode laser on five dental implant systems: an in vitro study
Authors: Deppe Herbert , Ahrens Markus , Behr Alexandra V. , Marr Christina , Sculean Anton , Mela Petra , Ritschl Lucas M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the thermal effect of the 445 nm diode laser on five dental implant systems. In an ailing implant protocol, five commercial dental implant systems were subjected to 445 nm diode laser energy at different wattages [W], exposure times, and modes (continuous wave [CW] vs. pulsed and contact vs. non-contact) of laser beam delivery. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed the evaluation of irradiated implant surfaces. A total of 2880 temperature response curves were recorded. The 445 nm wavelength caused temperature increases of more than 10 °C at or above the 0.8 W power level working in CW mode for 5 s and in pulsed mode at 3 W for 20 s with 10% duty cycle. Highest rises in temperature were seen in the Straumann Pure ceramic implant, lowest in the Ankylos system. SEM analysis revealed no surface alteration in all systems in non-contact mode. The applied laser is not inherently safe for the decontamination of ailing implants. From the results of this study it was concluded that different dental implant materials and geometries show different temperature response curves when subjected to 445 nm diode laser energy. Clinicians ought to be aware of this. Therefore, manufacturers of laser devices should provide implant-specific laser parameters for the decontamination process. However, both laser irradiation systems can prevent harmful rises in temperature and surface alteration when used at moderate laser parameters.
Nonverbal pre-performance expressions of professional darts players distinguish between good and poor performance
Authors: Furley Philip , Klingner Florian , Memmert Daniel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe present research attempted to extend prior research that showed that thin-slices of pre-performance nonverbal behavior (NVB) of professional darts players gives valid information to observers about subsequent performance tendencies. Specifically, we investigated what kind of nonverbal cues were associated with success and informed thin-slice ratings. Participants (N = 61) were first asked to estimate the performance of a random sample of videos showing the preparatory NVB of professional darts players (N = 47) either performing well (470 clips) or poorly (470 clips). Preparatory NVB was assessed via preparation times and Active Appearance Modeling using Noldus FaceReader. Results showed that observers could distinguish between good and poor performance based on thin-slices of preparatory NVB (p = 0.001,d = 0.87). Further analyses showed that facial expressions prior to poor performance showed more arousal (p = 0.011,ƞ2p = 0.10), sadness (p = 0.040,ƞ2p = 0.04), and anxiety (p = 0.009,ƞ2p = 0.09) and preparation times were shorter (p = 0.001,ƞ2p = 0.36) prior to poor performance than good performance. Lens model analyses showed preparation times (p = 0.001,rho = 0.18), neutral (p = 0.001,rho = 0.13), sad (rho = 0.12), and facial expressions of arousal (p = 0.001,rho = 0.11) to be correlated with observers’ performance ratings. Hence, preparation times and facial cues associated with a player’s level of arousal, neutrality, and sadness seem to be valid nonverbal cues that observers utilize to infer information about subsequent perceptual-motor performance.
Dose reduction potential in cone-beam CT imaging of upper extremity joints with a twin robotic x-ray system
Authors: Luetkens Karsten Sebastian , Ergün Süleyman , Huflage Henner , Kunz Andreas Steven , Gietzen Carsten Herbert , Conrads Nora , Pennig Lenhard , Goertz Lukas , Bley Thorsten Alexander , Gassenmaier Tobias , Grunz Jan-Peter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCone-beam computed tomography is a powerful tool for 3D imaging of the appendicular skeleton, facilitating detailed visualization of bone microarchitecture. This study evaluated various combinations of acquisition and reconstruction parameters for the cone-beam CT mode of a twin robotic x-ray system in cadaveric wrist and elbow scans, aiming to define the best possible trade-off between image quality and radiation dose. Images were acquired with different combinations of tube voltage and tube current–time product, resulting in five scan protocols with varying volume CT dose indices: full-dose (FD; 17.4 mGy), low-dose (LD; 4.5 mGy), ultra-low-dose (ULD; 1.15 mGy), modulated low-dose (mLD; 0.6 mGy) and modulated ultra-low-dose (mULD; 0.29 mGy). Each set of projection data was reconstructed with three convolution kernels (very sharp [Ur77], sharp [Br69], intermediate [Br62]). Five radiologists subjectively assessed the image quality of cortical bone, cancellous bone and soft tissue using seven-point scales. Irrespective of the reconstruction kernel, overall image quality of every FD, LD and ULD scan was deemed suitable for diagnostic use in contrast to mLD (very sharp/sharp/intermediate: 60/55/70%) and mULD (0/3/5%). Superior depiction of cortical and cancellous bone was achieved in FDUr77 and LDUr77 examinations (p < 0.001) with LDUr77 scans also providing favorable bone visualization compared to FDBr69 and FDBr62 (p < 0.001). Fleiss’ kappa was 0.618 (0.594–0.641; p < 0.001), indicating substantial interrater reliability. In this study, we demonstrate that considerable dose reduction can be realized while maintaining diagnostic image quality in upper extremity joint scans with the cone-beam CT mode of a twin robotic x-ray system. Application of sharper convolution kernels for image reconstruction facilitates superior display of bone microarchitecture.
Novel genomic alteration in superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms in non-smoker non-drinker females
Authors: Onozato Yusuke , Sasaki Yu , Abe Yasuhiko , Sato Hidenori , Yagi Makoto , Mizumoto Naoko , Kon Takashi , Sakai Takayuki , Ito Minami , Umehara Matsuki , Koseki Ayumi , Ueno Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlcohol consumption and smoking pose a significant risk for esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN) development in males; however, ESCN is often diagnosed in non-drinking and non-smoking females. The mechanisms underlying these differences remain elusive, and understanding them can potentially identify novel pathways involved in ESCN development. We performed short-read sequencing to identify somatic variants on a cancer panel targeting 409 genes using DNA extracted from the superficial squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues and adjacent non-neoplastic epithelium (NE), and immunohistochemical staining of the protein encoded by the target gene. All male patients (n = 117) were drinkers or smokers, whereas 45% of the female patients (n = 33) were not. Somatic variants were compared among three age-matched groups: 13 female ESCC patients with smoking and drinking habits (known-risk group, F-KR), 13 female ESCC patients without these habits (unknown-risk group, F-UR), and 27 males with ESCC and smoking and drinking habits (M-KR). In the NE, the frequencies of CDKN2A variants were significantly higher in F-UR than in F-KR and M-KR. In both ESCC and NE, p14ARF was significantly overexpressed in F-UR than in the other groups. In conclusion, CDKN2A might be important in ESCC development, independent of known risk factors.
Task compliance predicts suppression-induced forgetting in a large sample
Authors: Liu Peiduo , Hulbert Justin C. , Yang Wenjing , Guo Yuhua , Qiu Jiang , Anderson Michael C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSuppression-induced forgetting (SIF) refers to a memory impairment resulting from repeated attempts to stop the retrieval of unwanted memory associates. SIF has become established in the literature through a growing number of reports built upon the Think/No-Think (TNT) paradigm. Not all individuals and not all reported experiments yield reliable forgetting, however. Given the reliance on task instructions to motivate participants to suppress target memories, such inconsistencies in SIF may reasonably owe to differences in compliance or expectations as to whether they will again need to retrieve those items (on, say, a final test). We tested these possibilities on a large (N = 497) sample of TNT participants. In addition to successfully replicating SIF, we found that the magnitude of the effect was significantly and negatively correlated with participants’ reported compliance during the No-Think trials. This pattern held true on both same- and independent-probe measures of forgetting, as well as when the analysis was conditionalized on initial learning. In contrast, test expectancy was not associated with SIF. Supporting previous intuition and more limited post-hoc examinations, this study provides robust evidence that a lack of compliance with No-Think instructions significantly compromises SIF. As such, it suggests that diminished effects in some studies may owe, at least in part, to non-compliance—a factor that should be carefully tracked and/or controlled. Motivated forgetting is possible, provided that one is sufficiently motivated and capable of following the task instructions.
Word Learning by Preschool-Age Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Impaired Encoding and Robust Consolidation During Slow Mapping
Authors: Gordon Katherine R. , Storkel Holly L. , Lowry Stephanie L. , Ohlmann Nancy B. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Learning novel words, including the specific phonemes that make up word forms, is a struggle for many individuals with developmental language disorder (DLD). Building robust representations of words includes encoding during periods of input and consolidation between periods of input. The primary purpose of the current study is to determine differences between children with DLD and with typical development (TD) in the encoding and consolidation of word forms during the slow mapping process.

Method
Preschool-age children (DLD = 9, TD = 9) were trained on nine form–referent pairs across multiple consecutive training days. Children's ability to name referents at the end of training days indicated their ability to encode forms. Children's ability to name referents at the beginning of training days after a period of overnight sleep indicated their ability to consolidate forms. Word learning was assessed 1 month after training to determine long-term retention of forms.

Results
Throughout training, children with DLD produced fewer forms correctly and produced forms with less phonological precision than children with TD. Thus, children with DLD demonstrated impaired encoding. However, children with and without DLD demonstrated a similar ability to consolidate forms between training days and to retain forms across a 1-month delay.

Conclusions
Difficulties with word form learning are primarily driven by deficits in encoding for children with DLD. Clinicians and educators can support encoding by providing children with adequate exposures to target words via robust training that occurs across multiple sessions.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16746454
Stellenwert der Nierenbiopsie bei Lupusnephritis
Authors: Markus Weiner Stefan , Waldherr Rüdiger 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGBei systemischem Lupus erythematodes (SLE) findet sich häufig eine renale Mitbeteiligung, der verschiedene pathogenetische Mechanismen zugrunde liegen. Die Nierenbeteiligung hat einen negativen Einfluss auf die Prognose des SLE, insbesondere bei progredienter Niereninsuffizienz. Eine Nierenbiopsie ist aufgrund der Heterogenität der Nierenbeteiligung und der damit verbundenen therapeutischen Konsequenzen unabdingbar. Sie kann durch nicht-invasive Untersuchungen wie die Urindiagnostik oder Serologie nicht ersetzt werden, da das Ausmaß der Proteinurie oder der Mikrohämaturie keine sicheren Rückschlüsse auf den Schweregrad, die Pathogenese und die Prognose der Nierenbeteiligung erlauben. Die Nierenbiopsie gibt neben der korrekten Klassifikation der Lupusnephritis (LN) Informationen über die Mitbeteiligung des Niereninterstitium, der intrarenalen Gefäße und der Aktivität sowie Chronizität der Nephritis. Auch kann der Pathologe die Frage beantworten, inwieweit mit einer Besserung der Nierenfunktion unter Therapie gerechnet werden kann. Der folgende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den Stellenwert der Nierenbiopsie bei SLE, der revidierten Klassifikation der LN von 2018 einschließlich Sonderformen der LN und über die Implikationen des Biopsie-Ergebnisses für die Therapie.
Frühe Diagnostik und Therapie – rheumatoide Arthritis
Authors: Christenn Michaela , Fiehn Christoph 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer frühe Therapiebeginn der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) ist ein entscheidender Faktor für die weitere Prognose der Erkrankung. Um diese zu ermöglichen existieren seit 2010 die ACR-EULAR-Klassifikationskriterien der RA, welche klinische Kriterien und Laborbefunde verbinden und in einem Punktesystem die frühe Klassifikation ermöglichen. Vorausetzung ist der mindestens einmalige Nachweis einer Synovitis. Aber auch eine Stufe früher, also wenn der Patient z. B. nur Arthralgien hat, ist es möglich, Kriterien anzuwenden, welche die für eine entzündliche Erkrankung suspekten Patienten identifizieren können. Sowohl der Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen anti-citrullinierte Peptide (Anti-CCP) im Serum wie auch Methoden der Bildgebung wie Sonografie, Magnetresonanztomografie und auch noch die 3-Phasenskelettszintigrafie können wesentlich für die frühe Diagnose sein. Schließlich spielen die versorgungsmedizinischen Aspekte eine wichtige Rolle. Eine frühe Diagnose ist nur möglich, wenn dem Patienten der frühe Zugang zu Rheumatolog*innen ermöglicht wird. Die größte Herausforderung dafür ist es, geeignete Strukturen zu schaffen, welche die Auswahl der richtigen Patient*innen ermöglichen und damit die rheumatologischen Ressourcen entlasten. Verschiedene Screeningmodelle unter Nutzung von rheumatologischen Fachassistent*innen, Fragebogensystemen oder aber ärztlichen Kurzsprechstunden werden in Deutschland dafür erprobt. Jedes hat seine spezifischen Vor- und Nachteile, alle können aber die frühe Diagnose und Therapie ermöglichen.