bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the coating process of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and sodium tripolyphosphate on cucumbers under chilling condition to extend the shelf-life
Authors: Helal Mahmoud , Sami Rokayya , Khojah Ebtihal , Elhakem Abeer , Benajiba Nada , Al-Mushhin Amina A. M. , Fouda N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCucumber is a highly perishable fruit, that can easily suffer from water loss, condensation, shriveling, yellowing and decay. The present investigation aim was to extending the shelf-life of cucumber using eco-friendly sodium tripolyphosphate and nano-material. Decay; hardness; succinate dehydrogenase activity (SDH); condensation and shriveling rates; and visual quality assessments of cucumbers fruits were evaluated during 21 days of storage period at 10 °C. There was a slight incidence of decay among (Chitosan/Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles) CS-TiO2 and (Chitosan/Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles/Sodium Tripolyphosphate) CS-TiO2-STP samples, which reported the lowest decay incidence 2.21% in CS-TiO2, while CS-TiO2-STP did not show any decay at end of storage period. CS-TiO2-STP recorded the lowest value in SDH activity 0.08 ∆OD min−1 mg protein−1. Very slight hardness, water condensation, and shriveling were detected in CS-TiO2 samples, while CS-TiO2-STP was the lowest compared with other SC samples and control. In general, CS-TiO2-STP treatment was found most potential to enhance the postharvest shelf life of cucumber throughout the storage period up to 21 day.
Increased release of serotonin from rat primary isolated adult cardiac myofibroblasts
Authors: Tarbit Emiri , Singh Indu , Peart Jason Nigel , Bivol Svetlana , Rose’Meyer Roselyn Barbara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractElevated blood serotonin levels have been observed in patients with heart failure and serotonin has a role in pathological cardiac function. The serotonin receptor system was examined in adult rat isolated cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblast cells. This is one of the first studies that has investigated serotonin receptors and other proteins involved in the serotonin receptor system in rat cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblast cells. Rat primary cardiac fibroblasts were isolated and transformed into myofibroblasts using 5 ng/ml TGF-β1. Transformation of cells to myofibroblasts was confirmed with the presence of α-smooth muscle actin using Western blot. Serotonin metabolism and receptor protein expression was assessed using Western blot techniques and serotonin levels measured using ELISA. The 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors were found to be present in both rat cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblast cells, however no significance in protein expression between the two cell types was found (P > 0.05). In this study a significant increase in the serotonin transporter (SERT), tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and extracellular serotonin levels was observed in rat cardiac myofibroblasts when compared to fibroblasts (P < 0.05). These results suggest that serotonin levels may rise in parallel with cardiac myofibroblast populations and contribute to the pathogenesis of heart failure via serotonin receptors.
Levosimendan versus dobutamine for sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Dong-Hua , Ning Yi-Le , Lei Yan-Yan , Chen Jing , Liu Yan-Yan , Lin Xin-Feng , Yang Zhong-Qi , Xian Shao-Xiang , Chen Wei-Tao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLevosimendan and dobutamine are extensively used to treat sepsis-associated cardiovascular failure in ICU. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of levosimendan in patients with sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy remains unclear. Moreover, previous studies on whether levosimendan is superior to dobutamine are still controversial. More importantly, these studies did not take changes (before-after comparison to the baseline) in quantitative parameters such as ejection fraction into account with the baseline level. Here, we aimed to determine the pros and cons of the two medicines by assessing the changes in cardiac function and blood lactate, mortality, with the standardized mean difference used as a summary statistic. Relevant studies were obtained by a thorough and disciplined literature search in several notable academic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase until November 2020. Outcomes included changes in cardiac function, lactic acid, mortality and length of hospital stay. A total of 6 randomized controlled trials were included in this study, including 192 patients. Compared with dobutamine, patients treated with levosimendan had a greater improvement of cardiac index (ΔCI) (random effects, SMD = 0.90 [0.20,1.60]; I2 = 76%, P < 0.01) and left ventricular stroke work index (ΔLVSWI) (random effects, SMD = 1.56 [0.90,2.21]; I2 = 65%, P = 0.04), a significant decrease of blood lactate (Δblood lactate) (random effects, MD =  − 0.79 [− 1.33, − 0.25]; I2 = 68%, P < 0.01) at 24-h after drug intervention, respectively. There was no significant difference between levosimendan and dobutamine on all-cause mortality in ICU (fixed effect, OR = 0.72 [0.39,1.33]; I2 = 0%, P = 0.99). We combine effect sizes related to different measurement parameters to evaluate cardiac function, which implied that septic patients with myocardial dysfunction might have a better improvement of cardiac function by levosimendan than dobutamine (random effects, SMD = 1.05 [0.69,1.41]; I2 = 67%, P < 0.01). This study suggested a significant improvement of CI, LVSWI, and decrease of blood lactate in septic patients with myocardial dysfunction in ICU after 24-h administration of levosimendan than dobutamine. However, the administration of levosimendan has neither an impact on mortality nor LVEF. Septic patients with myocardial dysfunction may partly benefit from levosimendan than dobutamine, mainly embodied in cardiac function improvement.
Analysis of an Indian diabetes prevention programme on association of adipokines and a hepatokine with incident diabetes
Authors: Susairaj Priscilla , Snehalatha Chamukuttan , Nanditha Arun , Satheesh Krishnamoorthy , Raghavan Arun , Vinitha Ramachandran , Ramachandran Ambady 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo study the association and possible predictive role of visfatin, resistin, fetuin-A and chemerin with incident type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among Asian Indians with prediabetes. Their association with insulin resistance, β-cell function, glycaemia and anthropometry were also studied. This is a nested case–control study of a large 2-year prospective prevention trial in persons at high risk of developing T2DM. Baseline HbA1c values between 6.0% (42 mmol/mol) and 6.2% (44 mmol/mol) were chosen for this analysis (n = 144). At follow-up, persons with incident T2DM (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, 48 mmol/mol) were grouped as cases (n = 72) and those reverted to normoglycaemia, (HbA1c < 5.7% (39 mmol/mol) as controls (n = 72). Insulin resistance showed the strongest association with incident T2DM ((Odds Ratio (OR): 23.22 [95%CI 6.36–84.77]; p < 0.0001). Baseline visfatin (OR: 6.56 [95%CI 2.21–19.5]; p < 0.001) and fetuin-A (OR: 1.01 [95%CI (1.01–1.04)]; p < 0.0001) independently contributed to the conversion of prediabetes to T2DM. The contribution was significantly higher when their elevated levels coexisted (OR: 12.63 [95%CI 3.57–44.63]; p < 0.0001). The area under the curve was 0.77 ± SE 0.4 (95%CI 0.69–0.85) and 0.80 ± SE 0.04 (95%CI 0.73–0.88) for visfatin (median 17.7 ng/ml, sensitivity and specificity: 75%, p < 0.0001) and fetuin-A (mean 236.2 µg/ml, sensitivity: 71%, specificity: 75%, p < 0.0001) respectively. Higher baseline visfatin and fetuin-A concentrations are strongly associated with incident T2DM and are predictive of future diabetes.
Acacia senegal gum attenuates systemic toxicity in CCl4-intoxicated rats via regulation of the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Abu-Serie Marwa M. , Hamouda Asmaa F. , Habashy Noha H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAcacia senegal (AS) gum (Gum Arabic) is a natural emulsifier exudate from the branches and trunk of Acacia trees and it is recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) agency as a secure dietary fiber. The present research evaluated the systemic oxidative and necroinflammatory stress induced by CCl4 administration and the alleviating effect of AS gum aqueous extract (ASE, 7.5 g/Kg b.w.). The results demonstrated the presence of certain phenolic compounds in ASE, as well as its in vitro potent scavenging ability against ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), NO, and lipid peroxide radicals. Also, the outcomes revealed an improvement in the CCl4-induced liver, lung, brain, and spleen toxicity by reducing the levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation, NO, and the gene expression of NF-κB and its relevant ROS-mediated inflammatory genes. In contrast, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), as well as the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, were significantly upregulated in these organs after the treatment with ASE. These results were confirmed by improving the morphological features of each organ. Therefore, ASE can ameliorate the systemic toxicity caused by CCl4 via regulation of the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway in the rat organs, which is owed to its phytochemical composition.
Grunt Vocalizations in Children With Disabilities: Relationships With Assessed Cognition and Language
Authors: Bordenave Diane , McCune Lorraine 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of the grunt vocalizations to cognitive and expressive language status in children with disabilities. Children with typical development produce communicative grunts at the onset of referential word production and comprehension at 14–16 months of age and continue to use this vocalization for communication as they develop language.MethodAll grunt vocalizations produced by 26 children with disabilities (mental age: 3–56 months; communicative age: 47–69 months) were identified from video-recorded seminaturalistic play sessions. Grunts were identified as accompanying effort or attention or as communicative bids. Participants were grouped as prelinguistic, emergent, language delay, and language competent based on standardized assessments of cognitive and language level. The Mann–WhitneyUtest (1947) compared groups to determine the relationships between grunt production and cognitive and language status.ResultsAs hypothesized, participants in the language delay group produced significantly more communicative grunts than those in the language competent group (W= 39,p= .028 < .05). The children with a cognitive and language level lower than 9 months (prelinguistic group) failed to produce communicative grunts.ConclusionsThe results document grunt production in children with disabilities in the same contexts as typical children and support the hypothesized relationship between assessed cognition and language and communicative grunt production. These results require replication. This vocalization, if recognized in treatment, may unlock verbal communication in many nonverbal children with disabilities. Future longitudinal research should include controlled intervention to determine the potential effectiveness of building broader communicative skills on this simple vocalization.
J-PLUS: Searching for very metal-poor star candidates using the SPEEM pipeline
Authors: Galarza Carlos Andrés , Daflon Simone , Placco Vinicius M. , Prieto Carlos Allende , Borges Fernandes Marcelo , Yuan Haibo , López-Sanjuan Carlos , Lee Young Sun , Solano Enrique , Jiménez-Esteban F. , Sobral David , Alvarez Candal Alvaro , Pereira Claudio B. , Akras Stavros , Martín Eduardo , Jiménez Teja Yolanda , Cenarro Javier , Cristóbal-Hornillos David , Hernández-Monteagudo Carlos , Marín-Franch Antonio , Moles Mariano , Varela Jesús , Ramió Héctor Vázquez , Alcaniz Jailson , Dupke Renato , Ederoclite Alessandro , Sodré Laerte , Angulo Raul E. 
Published: October 2021

Context. We explore the stellar content of the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) Data Release 2 and show its potential for identifying low-metallicity stars using the Stellar Parameters Estimation based on Ensemble Methods (SPEEM) pipeline.
Aims. SPEEM is a tool used to provide determinations of atmospheric parameters for stars and separate stellar sources from quasars based on the unique J-PLUS photometric system. The adoption of adequate selection criteria allows for the identification of metal-poor star candidates that are suitable for spectroscopic follow-up investigations.
Methods. SPEEM consists of a series of machine-learning models that use a training sample observed by both J-PLUS and the SEGUE spectroscopic survey. The training sample has temperatures, Teff, between 4800 K and 9000 K, values of log g between 1.0 and 4.5, as well as −3.1 < [Fe/H] < +0.5. The performance of the pipeline was tested with a sample of stars observed by the LAMOST survey within the same parameter range.
Results. The average differences between the parameters of a sample of stars observed with SEGUE and J-PLUS, obtained with the SEGUE Stellar Parameter Pipeline and SPEEM, respectively, are ΔTeff ~ 41 K, Δlog g ~ 0.11 dex, and Δ[Fe/H] ~ 0.09 dex. We define a sample of 177 stars that have been identified as new candidates with [Fe/H] < −2.5, with 11 of them having been observed with the ISIS spectrograph at the William Herschel Telescope. The spectroscopic analysis confirms that 64% of stars have [Fe/H] < −2.5, including one new star with [Fe/H] < −3.0.
Conclusions. Using SPEEM in combination with the J-PLUS filter system has demonstrated their potential in estimating the stellar atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, and [Fe/H]). The spectroscopic validation of the candidates shows that SPEEM yields a success rate of 64% on the identification of very metal-poor star candidates with [Fe/H] < −2.5.
Characterizing current structures in 3D hybrid-kinetic simulations of plasma turbulence
Authors: Sisti M. , Fadanelli S. , Cerri S. S. , Faganello M. , Califano F. , Agullo O. 
Published: October 2021

Context. In space and astrophysical plasmas, turbulence leads to the development of coherent structures characterized by a strong current density and important magnetic shears.
Aims. Using hybrid-kinetic simulations of turbulence (3D with different energy injection scales), we investigate the development of these coherent structures and characterize their shape.
Methods. First, we present different methods to estimate the overall shape of the 3D structure using local measurements, foreseeing an application on satellite data. Then we study the local magnetic configuration inside and outside current peak regions, comparing the statistics in the two cases. Last, we compare the statistical properties of the local configuration obtained in simulations with the ones obtained analyzing an MMS (Magnetospheric MultiScale mission) dataset having similar plasma parameters.
Results. Thanks to our analysis, (1) we validate the possibility of studying the overall shape of 3D structures using local methods, (2) we provide an overview of a local magnetic configuration emerging in different turbulent regimes, (3) we show that our 3D-3V simulations can reproduce the structures that emerge in MMS data for the periods considered.
Discovery of four super-soft X-ray sources in XMM-Newton observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Maitra C. , Haberl F. 
Published: October 2021

Context. Super-soft X-ray sources were established as a heterogeneous class of objects from observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC).
Aims. We have searched for new sources of this class in the X-ray images obtained from the XMM-Newton survey of the LMC and additional archival observations.
Methods. We first selected candidates by visual inspection of the image and screened out the artefacts that can mimic super-soft X-ray sources as well as the bright foreground stars that create optical loading in the detectors. We obtained four new super-soft X-ray sources for which we performed detailed X-ray timing and spectral analyses and searched for possible optical counterparts to identify their nature. We also looked at archival ROSAT and Swift observations to investigate the long-term behaviour of the sources.
Results. XMMU J050452.0−683909 is identified as the central star of the planetary nebula SMP LMC 21 in the LMC. We suggest XMMU J051854.8−695601 and XMMU J050815.1−691832 as new soft intermediate polars based on the nature of their X-ray spectrum. Their estimated absorption-corrected luminosities and the blackbody radii indicate that they are located in our Galaxy, rather than the LMC. We discovered coherent pulsations of 497 s from XMMU J044626.6-692011, which indicates a magnetic cataclysmic variable nature of the source. The location of XMMU J044626.6−692011 in the LMC or our Galaxy is less clear. It could either be a white dwarf in the LMC with nuclear burning on its surface near the Eddington limit or another soft intermediate polar in our Galaxy.
Conclusions. The discovery of new super-soft X-ray sources makes a significant contribution to the known population in our Galaxy. An observed higher density of sources in the direction of the Magellanic Clouds can likely be explained by the relatively low Galactic column density in their direction as well as a large number of existing observations sensitive at low X-ray energies.
Prevalence of Bleeding and Thrombosis in Critically Ill Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Ow Tsai-Wing , Fatourou Evangelia , Rabinowich Liane , van den Boom Bente , Nair Shrijit , Patel Vishal C. , Hogan Brian , McPhail Mark , Roberts Lara N. , Bernal William 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction Hemorrhage and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are recognized complications of chronic liver disease (CLD), but their prevalence and risk factors in critically ill patients are uncertain.
Patients and Methods We studied a retrospective cohort of patients with CLD nonelectively admitted to a specialist intensive care unit (ICU) determining the prevalence and timing of major bleeding and VTE (early, present on admission/diagnosed within 48 hours; later, diagnosed >48 hours post-ICU admission). Associations with baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics, multiorgan failure (MOF), blood product administration, and mortality were explored. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression.
Results Of 623 patients with median age 52, bleeding (>48 hours after admission) occurred in 87 (14%) patients. Bleeding was associated with greater illness severity and increased mortality. Gastrointestinal bleeding accounted for 72% of events, secondary to portal hypertension in >90%. Procedure-related bleeding was uncommon. VTE occurred in 125 (20%) patients: early VTE in 80 (13%) and involving the portal vein in 85%. Later VTE affected 45 (7.2%) patients. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and nonalcoholic liver disease were independently associated with early VTE (OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.5–5.2 and OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.4–3.9, respectively), and HCC, sepsis, and cryoprecipitate use with late VTE (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.11–5.43; OR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.2–4.3; and OR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.3–5.1).
Conclusion VTE was prevalent on admission to critical care and less commonly developed later. Bleeding was associated with MOF and increased mortality. Severe MOF was not associated with an increased rate of VTE which was linked with HCC, and specific etiologies of CLD.
Efficacy of Subcutaneous Closed Suction Drain in Reduction of Postoperative Surgical Site Infection
Authors: Harish R. , Kazi Farah Naaz , Sharma J.V. Pranav 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the infections of wound after an invasive operative approach. It remains to be a major morbidity for patients undergoing surgeries although there have been tremendous improvements in the surgical techniques.Different interventions to suppress the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been proposed. Many of them have been routinely used by surgeons like minimizing shaving, hand washing, and preoperative antibiotics and these are well accepted. Drains are used in major abdominal surgeries, hernia repairs, breast surgeries reducing collections in closed areas.1 Hematoma, serous fluid, and dead space in surgical incision wounds raise the risk of infection as they serve as the platform for microbial growth. Studies have proved that the usage of subcutaneous drains has lowered the chances of infection.
Results The patients in the case group had lower incidence of SSI compared with the control group. The patients in the case group had subcutaneous drain which drained any collection that developed in the subcutaneous space. When the incidence of SSI was compared between the emergency cases and elective cases, the emergency cases showed higher propensity for SSI and increased rate for patients who had co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc. The most common organism isolated from the SSI was found to be Escherichia coli. It was also noted that the mean number of days of hospital stay was comparatively higher for the patients who developed SSI compared with patients who did not develop SSI.
Conclusion Thus the presence of SSI adds morbidity to the patient and the patients who undergo major surgeries are likely to develop SSI postoperatively. The presence of subcutaneous closed suction drain helps in reducing the SSI to a certain extent.
Investigating the absorption performance of a monolayer-coated absorber at oblique incidence
Authors: Zhang Junming , Liu Chang , Wang Tao , Li Fashen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There is a widely observed phenomenon in the microwave absorption field that an absorber always exhibits good oblique incidence absorption capacity if it has high performance at normal incidence. However, if a certain angle is exceeded, this kind of effective absorptive capacity will no longer be maintained. Besides, an absorber performs differently for incident transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves: for the TE case, the absorber can no longer obtain effective absorption; for the TM case, another efficient absorption region was observed at higher frequencies even when the incident angle exceeded 80°. These phenomena are widely found in the literature, which demonstrates that they are caused by physical laws rather than material properties. To demonstrate the underlying reason, in this study, the common spherical carbonyl iron-polyurethane composite absorbers were fabricated as a typical example. Their absorbing performance was investigated via both simulation and experiment. All the phenomena mentioned above were observed, studied in detail by employing the multiple reflection model, and explained quantitatively. Further, along with establishing the underlying mechanism of electromagnetic wave transmission in the absorber, two formulas were deduced to predict: (a) the maximum incident angle for efficient absorption of the TE polarized wave; and (b) the required absorber thickness for obtaining efficient absorption for a large incident angle of the TM polarized wave.