bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Proses Pemberian Feedback di Tutorial Problem-Based Learning di Fakultas Kedokteran
Authors: Darungan Tezar Samekto , Rahayu Gandes Retno , Claramita Mora 
Published: May 2021

Background: Feedback constitutes one of the important components in student Since feedback is not solely limited to student assignments, it can also be given during student learning, including tutorials. Therefore, the institution should pay particular attention to the process of feedback provision one of which is through evaluations on the process of providing feedback in tutorials. This study aimed to evaluate the process of providing feedback on the Problem-Based Learning tutorials in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara.Method: This study used mixed methods with a quantitative method performed first, followed by a qualitative method with a phenomenology approach. The subjects were the undergraduate medical students of the class of 2012 and tutors of the Problem-Based Learning tutorials. The quantitative data analysis was done by the descriptive analysis while the qualitative data analysis was done through verbatim analysis, coding, categorization and conclusion.Results: The students had received feedback but not routinely. Both the students and the tutors had perceived that feedback was important and gave them many benefits. In practice, feedback was given on the basis of tutors’ direct observation results. Action ;plan was often given but rarely involved discussion. Self-assessment/reflection was also not a matter of routine and the tutors did not know that it was part of the feedback. The contents of feedback were more often in the form of general comments. Feedback was often communicated in one direction. The students’ response to feedback varied. In giving and receiving feedback, the students, the tutors, the tutorial activities and the content of the feedback itself could influence one another. The students had preferences so feedback can be more easily accepted and they focused on the structural aspects of feedback (the frequency of giving feedback, the detail and spesific feedback, two way communication in giving feedback and the feedback target). Tutors expected more trainings in giving feedback provided by institution to tutors and students.Conclusion: Despite its valuable benefits, tutorial feedback in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara,is still not in accordance with the principle of providing feedback and many factors have affected this condition.
Ujian Praktikum Histologi dengan Tayangan Foto Menghasilkan Skor yang Lebih Tinggi
Authors: Susilowati Rina , Fachiroh Jajah , Sumiwi Andwi Ari 
Published: May 2021

Background: Since 2003, Histology practical session in Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada as well as its assessment had been subjected into several changes, i.e. methods of practical asessment and the usage of practical session score as block score components. Score of practical session assessments has been used as marker of student’s achievement in mastering the learning objectives. This study compared practical session score of Histology practical assessment between student from batch 2003-2006, 2007-2010 and 2011-2012, in order to determine which method give highest student achievement.Method: Score of histology practical assessment from 3 groups of medical students were obtained from the archive. The data was reported as mean±SD and number distribution of the students with score ≥60. The difference between groups was analyzed using t-test and chi-square. Results: There were 2213 students included in this study, i.e. 735 of year 2003-2006 (microscope-based test, score used as component of block score), 920 of year 2007-2010 (microscope-based test, score not used as component of block score), and 558 of year 2011-2012 (micrograph-based test, score was used as component of block score). Mean score for each group were 76,83±7,40; 74,54±14,40; dan 83,47±9,02, respectively. Percentage of students with score ≥60 were 83,59%, 73%, dan 97,49%. There were significant difference between groups (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Score of histology practical assessment was higher in students tested with micrographs visualized by projector. The percentage of students with score ≥60 was higher when the score was used as component of block score.
Penggunaan Template Study Planner untuk Menunjang Proses Self-Directed Learning - Sebuah Studi Literatur
Authors: Nasution Halimah Thania , Rahayu Gandes Retno , Hadianto Tridjoko 
Published: May 2021

Background: Self-directed learning is a form of independent learning where in the process it is advisable that students create a study planner so that the learning process is more focus and effective. A study planner can be used as a reference that will assist students in evaluating and reflecting the learning process. This study aimed to find out how the application of study planner can support the process of self-directed learning, this will be based on a literature study.Method: This research was in the form of a literature study which covered the application of study planner and its relation to self-directed learning. The literature searches were conducted with two databases (e-sources national library and ERIC), by using 11 keywords, in order to obtain more amounts of readings available, that were in relation to the utilization of study planner in order to support self-directed learning. Based on five inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select 22 journals that obtained from the results of database searches, two journals that can be used to answer research questions were found. Data were extracted systematically by segmenting and coding. Followed by determining patterns to find broader category. Results: Based on segmenting and coding process and determining important patterns, two broad categories were found, that are (1) The benefit of study planner in self-directed learning; and (2) Factors that affect study planner and self-directed learning.Conclusion: Study planner can assist students in developing their self-directed learning skills, that will be handy to support their lifelong learning skills. Study planner can also give motivations to students in performing self-directed learning
Penerapan Self-Directed Learning Melalui Sistem PBL Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran di Asia: Suatu Kajian Literatur
Authors: Meity Nur , Prihatiningsih Titi Savitri , Suryadi Efrayim 
Published: May 2021

Background: Medical student need to develop self-directed learning skills in order to promote life-long learning skill which important for medical professionality. Rate of progression and innovation in science along with future medical world challenge incresingly strengthen self-directed learning and life-long learning as something that need to be noted. The importance of SDL can be discerned when American Board of Medical Specialties and World Federation for Medical Education put it as something that need to be evaluate in medical student during their time of study. The aims of this study is to gain explanation about self-directed learning implementation through PBL system and self-directed learning readiness in medical institutions in Asia.Method: This study is a literature review, that is a study been held by searching, collect, analyze and summarize a number of articles concerning self-directed learning implementation through problem-based learning to medical students in Asia.Results: Self-directed learning readiness medical students in Asia is found inferior, especially in first year students. In addition, self-directed learning implementation for Asian context, found that influence of lecturer exceedingly intense, where the right insight of self-directed learning will have an impact to succeed it implementation. Moreover, self-directed learning acquaintance have to be accompanied with accurate human resources management as well as support of facility and infrastructure, where the successfulness of self-directed learning implementation required entailment and commitment of all party.
Flaxseed oil (Linum Usitatissimum) attenuates restraint stress-induced depressive-like behavior: Upregulation of neurotrophic factors in CA1 region of hippocampus
Authors: Talei Sahand , Mokhtari Tahmineh , Asadi Ilia , Arab Leila , Hassanzadeh Negar , Hosseinjani Emadoddin , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-depressant effects of FS oil on the depressive-like behavior following immobility stress in mice.
Methods: In this study, 32 male mice were divided into four groups: Control group; FS oil group; Model group: The immobility stress (using falcon for 20 day, 6 hours a day) + feeding with normal saline by oral gavage for another 20 days); Model+FS group: The immobility stress + feeding with 0.2 ml/kg of FS oil by oral gavage for another 20 days. At the end, all mice were evaluated with tail suspension test (TST) and sacrificed through cardiac puncture method. The brain was isolated and prepared for molecular and histopathological studies.
Results: The gene expression and protein level of BGNF and GDNF were significantly increased in FS oil treated groups (P<0.05). In microscopic evaluations, the number of dead neurons significantly deceased in FS group (P<0.05). TST results showed a significant decrease in immobility time and depressive-like behaviors in FS oil treated group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: FS oil feeding may be effective in treatment of depressive like disorders through its anti-oxidative and neurotrophic promoting features. Therefore, it can be used as an appropriate alternative choice in daily diet to prevent depression in clinical investigations.
Characterization and Valorization of Dietary Fibre Concentrate from Parthenocarpic Date Fruits
Authors: Hamza Hammadi , Jemni Monia , Bazmi Ali , Bazmi Ali , Tombari Tarek , Naggaz Kameleddine 
Published: May 2021

Parthenocarpic date fruits are good sources of antioxidant and fibre, which could be changed into valuable by-products. There is no attempt to use it in technological processes and could provide a natural additive to enhance the quality of the product. In this study, fibre concentrate from partenocarpic dates (FCPD) was extracted, dried, and characterized. Two drying techniques, namely oven and freeze drying, were carried out, and then the FCPD were characterized. Thereafter, its ability to substitute flour in muffins was studied.
The freeze-drying gave the highest yield of FCPD revealing lignin richness but cellulose and hemicellulose insufficiency. Drying techniques gave similar FCPD WHC and OHC but antioxidant capacity was higher in the case of freeze-dried fibre. Electronic microscopy showed that the more FCPD was introduced in the flour, the more the muffin crumb contained disrupted matrices. This could enhance the muffin freshness by improving the moisture retention. Moreover, although flour substitution by FCPD increased muffin volume and its OHC value, its WHC, moisture, mineral and sugar contents were not affected. Calorific value, phenol content and antioxidant activity were greater in the case of muffins with 5% of freeze-dried FCPD. Sensory analyses showed that fibre-enriched muffins had good scores as the control ones.
In this study, we used oasis raw materials with good source of fibres and antioxidant capacity that could be used in the production of high value-added foods. Additionally, the research demonstrated that freeze-dried FCPD flour fortification enhances the physicochemical characteristics of the muffin. The parthenocarpic date fruits is an agricultural residue with interested chemical and functional properties that could be undertaken in food process industries.
Content of Antenatal Education and Modalities of Delivery among Nurses in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinwaare Margaret O. , Oyebode Arinade O. , Brown Victoria B. , Ogunniran Abiodun A. , Adeleye Khadijat K. 
Published: May 2021

Background: There is no structured content and modalities for the delivery of antenatal education in Nigerian healthcare institutions. Hence, the lack of knowledge on salient issues that are pivotal to survival of mothers and their babies among childbearing women. This study assessed the contents and mode of delivery of antenatal education from the perspective of care providers.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted using structured questionnaire developed by the researchers for data collection. One hundred and ten nurses were recruited across various healthcare institutions in Oyo state, Nigeria to participate in the study.
Results: The mean age of the nurses is 39.7 with standard deviation of 10.1. About half (43.6%) of them have first degree in Nursing, while one-third (31.8%) are at the lower cadre of Nursing (Nursing officer II). The most common five topics taught by the nurses as reported are; hygiene (98.2%), diet (84.6%), immunization (31.8%), birth preparedness (31.8%), and breastfeeding (28.2%). The most common mode of delivery is face-to-face teaching (98.2%) while e-teaching is least employed (20.9%). Pictures (87.3%) and posters (79.1%) are the most common materials used for teaching while majority (72.7%) provide fliers as teaching materials to their clients. Majority (98.2%) of the nurses’ state that they provide antenatal education to serve as learning forum for their clients, however, very few (17.3%) stated that they provide antenatal education to keep their clients busy while waiting for doctor’s consultation.
Conclusion: There is no structured content for antenatal education being offered to pregnant women during antenatal clinic. However, every pregnant woman attending antenatal clinic will benefit from balanced information that will enhance positive pregnancy outcome from her care provider. Hence the need for structured content and modalities of delivery of antenatal education in Nigeria.
Medical School Applicants’ Online Interviews during COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Husni Mariwan , Sequeira Reginald , Deifalla Abdelhalim 
Published: May 2021

Background: For many years, the primary criterion used to select medical school applicants worldwide has been cognitive measures of high school educational attainment. Yet academic assessment alone may not necessarily select the candidates who possess the behavioral or non-cognitive attributes thought important in medical students and doctors: honesty, integrity, flexibility, motivation, willingness to cooperate, managing emotions, self-esteem, control, leadership skills, resilience personal values, confidence, empathy, conscientiousness, and social accountability. There is evidence that significant relationship exists between both cognitive and non-cognitive variables and students’ performance in medical school. The challenge posed by the current pandemic of covid19 is that all admission interviews are now carried out via video.
Method: In video interviews for admission to our Arabian Gulf University, the applicants were asked standardized questions under four main domains: motivation and commitment to medicine, handling stress and ethical dilemma, social skills, and responsibility as well as self-presentation. Each of these domains was given a Likert score ranging from one to five. Scores 1 and 2 indicated unsatisfactory performance, while scores 3, 4 and 5 indicated fair, good, and excellent, respectively. Each panel member scored each applicant independently. This creates the data bases for statistical analyses.
Results and Discussion: The feedback from staff and students was so far positive, however, statistical results need a longitudinal follow-up of at least one decade: we do not have statistics showing to what extent the selection criteria for admission have a predictive validity for successfully completing the MD program and performing as a medical doctor.
Conclusions: Transitioning medical school interviews to a virtual setting beyond the restrictions of COVID-19 would allow eliminating travel expenses and cost saving for applicants.
A Case Report on Genetic Analysis of Exon2 of Thyroid Transcription Factor 2 Gene in Congenital Hypothyroidism Patient
Authors: Khatun Marjia , Banu Laila Anjuman 
Published: May 2021

A-3-year- old Bangladeshi pediatric patient named Tasin was presented with a diagnosed case of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). This type of hypothyroidism may occur due to the alteration in the nucleotide sequences of the Thyroid transcription factor 2 gene. Few studies are present on the genetic basis of this disease. CH is common in Bangladesh, may be due to geographical variation or other causes. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify whether there was any genetic alteration in the exon2 of Thyroid transcription factor 2 gene.
With due procedure and permission from the guardian of the pediatric patient, socio-demographic data was collected. Isolation of DNA, quantitation and qualitation of DNA was ensured, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed, the amplicons that was obtained from PCR; validated visually by gel electrophoresis methods; cycle sequencing was performed by Sanger sequencing. The chromatogram data that was obtained from Sanger sequencing was analyzed and compared with the National Center for Biotechnology Information database by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool search. Sanger sequencing revealed substitution (c.1051G>T) in the Sequence Tagged Site of the exon2 of Thyroid transcription factor 2 gene and this is new variants and not reported in National Center for Biotechnology Information database.
Can 2-Aticyto Complex be an Effective Agent for Recovery of The Symptoms and Enhancing Laboratory Parameters in COVID-19 Patients?
Authors: Kerget Ferhan , Kerget Buğra , Aksakal Alperen , Koçak Abdullah Osman 
Published: May 2021

Background: SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic which was firstly identified in Wuhan/China in December 2019.There still exists no precise treatment for this pandemic yet despite many agents are tried in prophylaxis and treatment for Covid-19. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of 2-aticyto complex in clinical course in these patients.
Materials and Methods: 150 patients who applied to the Infection Diseases Polyclinics between dates September 2020-November 2020 having diagnosed with Covid-19 were included in our study. The patients were randomized into 2 groups (75 in each group) of which the first group only had the treatment of National Guideline and the second group had Viruthol® including 2-aticyto complex (at the dose of 27000 mcg/day) in addition to the treatment of the National Guideline. The laboratory parameters, clinical outcomes and the first day on which PCR result turned into negative of the patients were compared.
Results: In Viruthol® group, LDH, CRP, D-Dimer and ferritin levels were significantly decreased compared to the control group, while lymphocyte levels were higher. (p=0.02, p=0.001, p=0.01, p=0.02, p=0,001 respectively). In addition to that, clinical symptoms such as fever, headache, weakness, loss of taste and smell and muscle-joint pain recovered more rapidly in contrast with the control group (p=0.001, p=0.05, p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.001, respectively). PCR results of the Viruthol® group turned negative in a statistically significant shorter period of time with respect to the control group (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Viruthol® containing 2-aticyto complex may be an agent that can be used both symptomatic treatment and improving the clinical situation and recovery of the patients followed up for Covid-19.
Cystic Adenoid Carcinomas in Ear, Nose and Throat: Unusual Localizations and a Literature Review
Authors: Hadid F. , Hakimi M. , Oulghoul O. , Benhommad O. , Rochdi Y. , Raji A. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: adenoid cystic carcinoma account 1% for all cancers of the ear nose and throat. Despite slow growth, their recurrence is frequent. This study concerns 5 cases of cystic adenoid carcinoma with atypical ear nose and throat locations (outside the main salivary glands).
Materials and methods: Our work is a study of 5 cases of cylindromes with atypical localizations collected at the ear nose throat and cervico-facial surgery department of Mohamed IV university hospital of Marrakesh: 1 case located at the external auditory meatus, 1 case at the infratemporal fossa, 1 case on the inside of the cheek, 1 case in the soft palate and one laryngotracheal case.
Results and discussion: The management of adenoid cystic carcinoma remains delicate because of their insidious growth, their neurological tropism and their metastatic potential. These associated elements delay the diagnosis that is often made while those tumors are locally advanced, which can make surgery difficult, and be responsible of a lot of late recurrences. The treatment of these tumors has long relied on exclusive surgery. Cystic adenoid carcinomas were considered radio resistant. Retrospective studies have shown the benefit of treatment combining surgery and radiotherapy, in terms of local control and disease-free survival, compared to surgery or radiotherapy alone.
Conclusion: The essential problem of adenoid cystic carcinoma remains the long-term control of the disease. Our results confirm that the gold-standard treatment should be both surgery and radiotherapy.
Trends in Lassa Fever Outbreak in Plateau State Nigeria
Authors: Okoh Elizabeth O. , Gomerep Simji S. , Envuladu Esther A. , Tagurum Yetunde O. , Okoh Adokole F. , Mohammed Amina , Zoakah Ayuba I. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Since the first case of Lassa fever was reported in Plateau State, Nigeria in 1969, several outbreaks have occurred, and many more cases are being reported every year. This study aimed to describe the trends in Lassa fever outbreak in Plateau State, Nigeria from 2015 to the first half of 2019.
Methodology: A time series study was carried out employing a retrospective analysis of records of Lassa fever cases (from January 2015 – June 2019) obtained from Plateau State Epidemiological Unit. Cases were identified using the WHO case definition. Age-adjusted cumulative incidence, case positivity and case fatality rates were calculated for each year to study the trends. Data were retrieved and analyzed using Microsoft Excel.
Results: Cases were mainly of the younger age group and were more concentrated in the Northern senatorial zone. Despite the increasing trend in incident cases from 5 in 2015 to 126 in 2019, and age-adjusted cumulative incidence from 1 case per 10,000 population in 2015 to 348 per 10,000 population in 2019, case fatality rate showed a downward trend from 29.6% in 2016 to 12.9% in 2019. Case positivity rates varied from 27.3% to 34.1% to 19.4% and back to 27.3% from 2016 to 2019, and the cumulative Case Positivity Rate was 25.7%.
Conclusion: The incidence of Lassa fever in Plateau State showed an increasing trend while that of mortality was on a downward trend. More efforts should be put in place by the State government and other stakeholders to reduce the burden of this disease.