bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD28 Monoclonal Antibody Improve Sepsis Mortality by Amending Th17/Treg Balance
Authors: Wu Yu , Li Dai , Xie Jian , Wang Han , Meng Yan , Wu Guosheng , Deng Xiaoming , Wan Xiaojian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is still developing exorbitantly high mortality. In response to microbial molecules, T cell activation plays a crucial role in sepsis’s initial innate immune reactions. The imbalance between CD4+IL-17+ T helper cells (Th17) and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) participates in sepsis progression. CD28 signaling pathway was essential for the expression of inflammatory cytokines related to Th17, and play a crucial role in the maintenance of Treg. We investigated the correlations of the balance between Th17 and Treg to prognosis in sepsis patients and influence of anti-CD28 antibody on the ratio of Th17 to Treg in sepsis mice.Methods: 60 sepsis patients' baseline conditions were recorded, and the expressions of inflammatory factors in the peripheral blood and levels of procalcitonin (PCT) were detected. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated, subtypes of T cells and related biomarkers were measured by Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Furthermore, the relationship between the above indicators and patients’ condition scoring (APACHEⅡand SOFA) and ICU hospitalization time were analyzed. To investigate effects of CD28 on the balance of Th17 between Treg, anti-CD28 antibody was intraperitoneal administrated to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mice. Results: Compared with septic patients who stay in ICU more than 14 days, the Th17/Treg ratio of patients with ICU hospitalization of fewer than 14 days was significantly lower. The sepsis patients with higher expression of CD28 in peripheral blood lymphocytes have lower APACHE II and SOFA scores. Moreover, the expression of CD28 was significantly higher in sepsis patients than that of healthy donors. After administration of CD28 monoclonal antibody, 7-day mortality and clinical score were significantly improved in septic mice, with splenocyte Th17/Treg ratio decreased. CD28 antibody alleviates the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and spleen injury related to apoptosis. Conclusions: Th17/Treg ratio revealed septic patient severity and can be used as a predictor of ICU stay. CD28 monoclonal antibody could improve 7-day mortality of septic mice by decreasing T cell apoptosis and amending the ratio of Th17/Treg.Trial registration: CHEC2019-133, CTR20191855. Registered 27 August 2019
A Simple-to-use Tool for Predicting Response to Peginterferon in HBV DNA Suppressed Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Ren Peipei , Li Hu , Huang Yan , Jiang Jiayuan , Guo Simin , Cao Zhujun , Zhang Chenxi , Zhou Tianhui , Gan Qinyi , Zhao Shuang , Chen Lichang , Guo Qing , Cai Wei , Wang Hui , Hu Peng , Xie Qing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Rational administration of peginterferon can remarkably reduce serum HBsAg level and improve the rate of HBsAg loss. Considering the high cost and low tolerability of peginterferon, we aimed to develop a simple-to-use scoring system at early stage of treatment to predict low HBsAg level or HBsAg loss at the end of treatment in virological suppressed chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.Methods: Non-cirrhotic CHB patients with NA (nucleoside/nucleotide analogues)-induced virological suppression initiated peginterferon treatment by either add-on or switch-to strategy for 48 weeks were enrolled from January 2012 to June 2017 in two tertiary centers. The retrospective design enrolled 320 subjects, including 189 patients in the training cohort and 131 patients in the validation cohort.Results: By logistic regression, a simple-to-use scoring system integrating baseline HBsAg level < 1000 IU/mL, HBsAg decline > 0.5 log at week 12 and ALT flare at week 12 was developed in the training cohort and high performance for predicting HBsAg < 100 IU/mL, HBsAg < 10 IU/mL and HBsAg loss at the end of 48-week treatment. The area under receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.84, 0.80 and 0.76 in the training cohort and 0.88, 0.87 and 0.84 in the validation cohort, respectively.Conclusions: Our simple-to-use scoring system can guide clinicians to decide whether to continue peginterferon treatment in CHB patients in order to achieve low HBsAg levels or HBsAg loss at the end of treatment, which might greatly improve the opportunity to reach a functional cure in these patients and lead more cost-effective treatment decision.
Attitude and Involvement of Male Partner in Maternal Health Care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Umer Zeytuna Mohammed , Sendo Endalew Gemechu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The participation of men in maternal health care [MHC] is recognized as a crucial strategy to enhance maternal health care. Research assessing male participation in MHC and factors influencing their involvement in Ethiopia is minimal, despite the important role of men in maternity care.Objective: To assess the attitude and involvement of the male partner in maternal health care in Nifas Silk Lafto sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2020. A sample of 411 married men was recruited using a systematic random sampling technique. The data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered in Epidata version 4.6 and SPSS version 25 used for analysis. The association between the dependent variable (Male partner involvement in maternal health care) and independent variables was checked using Multivariable logistic regression.Results: A composite score was obtained by adding the level of participation in all three aspects of maternity care together, and the overall level of participation in maternity care was 103 (25.1%) with good participation and 308 (74.9 %) with poor participation. Almost half of the study participants [48.7%] had a positive attitude towards maternal health care.In multivariate analysis, men whose spouse had unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 0.46, 95%, CI: 0.222 - 0.956), who did not reside with their partner (AOR = 0.09, 95 % CI: 0.011- 0.804), who did not obtain information in prenatal and postnatal clinics (AOR = 0.101, 95% CI: 0.056-0.181) were variables significantly correlated with male participation compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: The level of men’s involvement in maternity care was poor. In this study, access to information on men's involvement in maternity care, education, and living conditions were the determinants of men's participation in maternity care. These findings provide a useful guide for targeting future strategies for potential male participation.
Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features of Breast Cancer in Mauritania
Authors: BRAHIM Selma MOHAMED , HAMED Cheikh Tijani , ZEIN EkhtElbenina , SALAME Malak , VETEN Fatimetou , ZEIN Mohamed Vall , KHYATTI Meriem , HOUMEIDA Ahmed , TOLBA Ahmedou 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in African women. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the incidence, clinico-pathological characteristics, risk factors and outcome of breast cancer in Mauritania.Methods Demographic and clinico‑pathological features of breast cancer were gathered from 11174 patient files of all cancer types referred to the Centre National d’Oncologie (CNO) between January 2009 and December 2020.ResultsBreast cancer was the most common type of cancer identified in women (30.7%). The diseaseincidence increased from 69 in 2009 to 209 in 2020 with a mean age of 49 year sat cancer detection. Grade 3 tumor was diagnosed in 31.8% patients. Stage 3 and metastasic stage were found respectively in 44.9 % and 22.6% of screened women. 40.4% of cancer patients with satisfactory immunohistochemical data were triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) but no significant variation was found in these features between TNBC and non TNBC groups. A 3‐year survival rate of 63% was observed.ConclusionsThese results support the already published studies on the likely genetic basis of breast cancer in our population.
Perception of Aging Modifies Social Adjustment of Iranian Veterans: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Asadollahi Abdolrahim , Ghahremani Leila , Maghsoudi Fatemeh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Retirement is a challenge for veterans during their life course. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of educational intervention on the perception of aging and social adjustment during retirement. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 military retirees in Shiraz, Iran. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, Perception of Aging, and Social Adjustment. The educational intervention used included six training sessions on the subject of mindfulness, physical and psychological changes of aging, health and self-care management, attitudes toward aging, and social and family relationships in old age. Data were collected at the beginning of the study and two months after the intervention and then analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The results showed no significant difference between the control and intervention groups in terms of demographic variables, perception of aging, and social adjustment before the educational intervention. However, the perception of aging significantly decreased, and social adjustment increased in the intervention group after the educational intervention. Improving the perception of aging and parents' perceived role can positively affect social adjustment. Multiple regression analysis indicated a predictive model for social adjustment in later life. Conclusions: With increased knowledge of the retirees on self-care, their perceptions of aging and their role in later life improved and predicte social adjustment.
Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes 1A (SMC1A) regulated by KIAA1429 in m6A-independent manner promotes EMT progress in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Xu , Dai Xin-Yuan , Qian Jia-Yi , Xu Feng , Wang Zhang-Wei , Xia Tian , Zhou Xu-Jie , Li Xiao-Xia , Shi Liang , Wei Ji-Fu , Ding Qiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

As a component in the m6A ‘writers’, KIAA1429 was reported to promote breast cancer proliferation and growth in m6A-independent manners. However, the related mechanism of KIAA1429 in breast cancer metastasis have not been reported.
Methods

Western blots and quantitative real-time PCR were carried out to verify the expression of KIAA1429 in breast cancer cells SUM1315 and ZR-75-1 after KIAA1429 knockdown or overexpression. Transwell and in vivo metastasis assay were conducted to investigate the effects of KIAA1429 on migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. RIP and REMSA assay was performed to explore the direct correlation between KIAA1429 and SMC1A mRNA. ChIP assay combined with luciferase reporter assay were apply to explore the direct binding between SMC1A and SNAIL promotor region.
Results

KIAA1429 could significantly promote the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Knockdown of KIAA1429 could impede breast cancer metastasis in nude mice in vivo. The level of SNAIL expression and EMT progress was positively related with KIAA1429. Knockdown of KIAA1429 induced cell migration, invasion and EMT progress could be reversed by the upregulation of SNAIL. However, SMC1A, not KIAA1429 bound with SNAIL promoter region directly and promoted the transcription of SNAIL. Then, KIAA1429 could bind to the motif in the 3′-UTR of SMC1A mRNA directly and enhanced SMC1A mRNA stability.
Conclusions

In conclusion, our study revealed a novel mechanism of the KIAA1429/SMC1A/SNAIL axis in the regulation of invasion and metastasis of breast cancer, which may provide a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer. Moreover, it firstly provided compelling evidences that KIAA1429 could regulate the targeted gene expression at posttranscriptional levels as an RNA-binding protein, unrelated the m6A modification.
HSPA2&nbsp;Expression Predicts Early Postsurgical Relapse and Promotes Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhai Lu-Lu , Qiao Pei-Pei , Sun Yue-Shen , Tang Zhi-Gang , Ju Tong-Fa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) is known to relate to the pathogenesis and progress of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the connection between HSPA2 and early postsurgical relapse, and the influences of HSPA2 on cell biological behaviors in pancreatic cancer (PC).Methods: Expression of HSPA2 in cancerous and noncancerous samples was determined by bioinformatics and immunostaining methods. The significance of HSPA2 expression in predicting early postsurgical recurrence was assessed. The biological role and potential mechanisms of HSPA2 in PC progression were uncovered by enrichment analysis. HSPA2 expression in human PC cells was detected by immunoblotting. Silencing of HSPA2 in BxPC-3 cells and upregulation of HSPA2 in PANC-1 cells were achieved with siRNA and overexpression plasmid, respectively, and then the impacts of HSPA2 downregulation and upregulation on cancer cell biological behaviors were estimated.Results: HSPA2 expression in tumor specimens was markedly elevated compared with nontumor specimens. HSPA2 overexpression could independently predict early postsurgical recurrence, and combined with malignant clinicopathological characteristics had greater predictive power and potential application value. Enrichment analysis revealed that HSPA2 expression was closely associated with PC progression. HSPA2 was expressed in BxPC-3, PANC-1 and SW1990 cells, with the highest and lowest levels in BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells, respectively. Cell migration and invasion abilities were remarkably restrained in HSPA2-silenced BxPC-3 cells and significantly enhanced in HSPA2-overexpressed PANC-1 cells.Conclusion: HSPA2 expression predicts early postoperative recurrence and promotes cell migration and invasion, and is expected to become a useful molecular target of antitumor treatment in PC.
COVID-19 Re-infection or Relapse? A Retrospective Multi Center Cohort Study From Iran
Authors: Salehi Mohamadreza , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Darazam Ilad Alavi , Tabarsi Payam , Rabiei Mohammad Mahdi , Hatami Firouze , Ghadimi Somayeh , Koochak Hamid Emadi , Veisi Parastoo , Ghiasvand Fereshte , Asadollahi-Amin Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMore than one year of emerging COVID 19 infection, no signs of the pandemic remission appear. Returning of symptomatic patients who had a history of recovered COVID-19 disease with a new positive SARS Cov-2 PCR test after several weeks to months of a negative PCR result is one of the novels challenging phenomena during the pandemic. In this study, we determined the clinical and laboratory characteristics of these Iranian patients and discussed possible reasons.METHODWe retrospectively investigated the SARS Cov-2 PCR tests performed in the three referral hospitals six months after the pandemic onset. All patients who had the following criteria were included in the study: two SARS COV2 PCR positive tests three months apart, have no symptoms, and a negative PCR between the two positive tests, access to the patient and his medical information. Then, retrospectively recorded the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the eligible patients. We also compare clinical and laboratory features of the second episode to the first.RESULTA total of 32,567 tests were performed, of which 1899 patients. Finally, 37 cases were eligible in the study based on our criteria. The majority of patients were male and nurses. The mean body mass index was 25.84±3.25. The mean age was 37.54 ±15.16 years old. Weakness, myalgia, and fever were the most clinical presentation symptoms in both episodes. Chest Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed pneumonia in 56.8% and 43.2% of cases in the first and second episodes, respectively. The mean duration between the discharge and second presentation was 117±61.42 days. Seven (18.9%) patients hospitalized in the second episode compared to 2 (5.4%) cases in the first. The clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics were not significantly different between the two episodes except for significantly more dexamethasone usage in the second one (p= 0.03).CONCLSIONAlthough we could not perform the phylogenic sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 and viral culture in the re-presenting symptomatic patients with positive RT-PCR, prolonged duration between two episodes suggest probably reinfection in our cases. Finally, this clinical phenomenon may be more common in healthcare providers without a significant consequence.
Truly-Optimized PWR&nbsp;Lattice for Innovative Soluble-Boron-Free Small Modular Reactor
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Ha , Jang Seongdong , Kim Yonghee 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A novel re-optimization of fuel assembly (FA) and new innovative burnable absorber (BA) concepts are investigated in this paper to pursue a high-performance soluble-boron-free (SBF) small modular reactor (SMR), named autonomous transportable on-demand reactor module (ATOM). A truly optimized PWR (TOP) lattice concept has been introduced to maximize the neutron economy while enhancing the inherent safety of an SBF pressurized water reactor. For an SBF SMR design, the 3-D centrally-shielded BA (CSBA) design is utilized and another innovative 3-D BA called disk-type BA (DiBA) is proposed in this study. Both CSBA and DiBA designs are investigated in terms of material, spatial self-shielding effects, and thermo-mechanical properties. A low-leakage two-batch fuel management is optimized for both conventional and TOP-based SBF ATOM cores. A combination of CSBA and DiBA is introduced to achieve a very small reactivity swing (<1,000 pcm) as well as a long cycle length and high fuel burnup. For the SBF ATOM core, safety parameters are evaluated and the moderator temperature coefficient is shown to remain sufficiently and similarly negative throughout the whole cycle. It is demonstrated that the small excess reactivity can be well managed by mechanical shim rods with a marginal increase in the local power peaking, and a cold-zero shutdown is possible with a pseudo checker-board control rod pattern. In addition, a thermal-hydraulic-coupled neutronic analysis of the ATOM core is discussed.
Effect of postpartum experience and infant temperament on maternal beliefs about infant crying
Authors: Hiraoka Daiki , Nomura Michio , Kato Masaharu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Infant crying is an important signal for their survival and socio-cognitive development, and maternal beliefs about crying predict responsiveness to crying. Most studies have considered caregivers’ reactions to crying to be fixed, and it is unclear how they change with their caregiving experience. Additionally, it has recently been suggested that there is a bidirectional relationship between changes in mothers’ beliefs about crying and infants’ temperament. This study examined that relationship using longitudinal study design. Maternal beliefs about crying and infant temperament of first-time mothers were measured at 1-month intervals over a 4-month period. Prior to the main survey, we conducted a pre-survey to confirm the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Infant Crying Questionnaire. We found that parent-oriented beliefs, which focus on the caregiver rather than the crying infant, increased with the mother’s experience, and that infants high on surgency predicted changes in maternal beliefs about infant crying. The current results suggest that the beliefs required by caregivers change with an infant’s development and parenting experience in the early postpartum period. Longitudinal studies of caregivers’ changes, such as the present study, are expected to contribute to the understanding of co-development of caregivers and infants.
Effects of mobility restrictions on mental health among young adults in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Carpio-Arias Tannia Valeria , Piedra Santiago , Nicolalde-Cifuentes Tomas Marcelo , Mogrovejo-Arias Diana Carolina , Padilla-Samaniego María Victoria , Tapia-Veloz Estephany Carolina , Vinueza-Veloz María Fernanda 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the effects of mobility restriction on the mental health of Ecuadorian young adults. Methods: The current is a cross-sectional study that included 8426 young adults. Socio-demographic and mental health data were collected through an online survey during May-June 2020 in Ecuador. Data on mobility was extracted from Google Mobility Reports. Four aspects of the participants’ mental health were evaluated: eating behavior (emotional eating), depression, sleep quality and sense of coherence using previously validated instruments. Data were analyzed using linear regression using R. Results: Mean age of the participants was 22.85 (SD = 4.43), most of whom were women (n = 5943, 70.53%). During mandatory confinement, mobility due to retail and recreation, to groceries and pharmacies, to parks, to transit stations, to workplaces were reduced by nearly 50%. In contrast, mobility to places of residence increased by nearly 20%. Less healthy eating behavior was associated with lower mobility to retail/recreation, residential or workplaces. Depression was associated with lower mobility to residential and workplaces. Worse quality of sleep was associated with lower mobility to retail/recreation, residential and workplaces. Higher sense of coherence was associated with higher mobility to residential and to workplaces. Women and youngsters more often showed depression, less healthy eating behavior, worse quality of sleep and lower sense of coherence. Conclusion: Mobility restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on people's mental health. Prevention and health promotion measures directed to ameliorate the effects of confinement on mental health should target risk populations including women and youngsters.
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Its Changing Scenario: A Scoping Review
Authors: Aggarwal Sumit , Singh Amit Kumar , Balaji Sivaraman , Ambalkar Deepti 
Published: March 2021

:Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and reproductive tract infections (RTIs) have existed worldwide since ancient times, causing significant morbidity and mortality. To maintain healthy sexual and reproductive life, it is highly essential to prevent STIs, RTIs and related illnesses. STIs are transmitted by transaction of body fluids among people during sexual intercourse. The etiological agents for STIs are bacteria, viruses and parasites in most cases, but proportions by different aetiology are varying. Various studies have shown that STIs are increasing, and their primary aetiology is changing worldwide, which should be considered seriously and needs necessary actions. Several factors related to hosts and disease-causing agents have been identified to influence STIs' current strategies in the prevention and control program. The present study attempts to review the history, changing aetiology and antimicrobial resistance in STIs. This review has also highlighted the prevalence of STIs at the global level and their past and present trends in India, emphasizing future challenges and perspectives for making effective public health policies to prevent and control STIs.