bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between pineal gland, sleep and melatonin in fibromyalgia women: a magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Leon-Llamas Juan Luis , Villafaina Santos , Murillo-Garcia Alvaro , Rohlfs Domínguez Paloma , Gusi Narcis 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA total of 80% of fibromyalgia (FM) population have reported poor sleep. In this regard, the pineal gland, involved in circadian rhythm processes as a key neuroendocrine organ which mainly synthesises and secretes melatonin, has never been studied before in this population. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the parenchyma pineal volume and its relation to sleep hours, sleep quality index and melatonin level at night. A total of 50 participants, 30 women with FM and 20 healthy control women underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging. The total pineal volume, cyst pineal volume and parenchyma pineal volume were manually calculated in cubic millimetres. Also, the total pineal volume was estimated using Hasehawa method. Parenchyma pineal volume was significantly correlated with sleep hours (p-value = 0.041) and nocturnal melatonin level (p-value = 0.027). Moreover, there was also a non-significant correlation between parenchyma pineal volume and sleep quality index (p-value = 0.055). Furthermore, a mean parenchyma pineal volume of 102.00 (41.46) mm³ was observed, with a prevalence of 29.60% cyst in FM group. This is the first study that has reported pineal gland volumes, cyst prevalence and correlative relationships between parenchyma pineal volume and sleep hours and melatonin levels in women with FM.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on the consumption of anxiolytics, hypnotics and antidepressants according to age groups: a French nationwide study
Authors: Levaillant M. , Wathelet M. , Lamer A. , Riquin E. , Gohier B. , Hamel-Broza J.-F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated sanitary measures on mental health, especially among adolescents and young adults. Such a context may raise many concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic long-term psychological effects. An analysis of administrative databases could be an alternative and complementary approach to medical interview-based epidemiological surveys to monitor the mental health of the population. We conducted a nationwide study to describe the consumption of anxiolytics, antidepressants and hypnotics during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the five previous years.MethodsA historic cohort study was conducted by extracting and analysing data from the French health insurance database between 1 January 2015 and 28 February 2021. Individuals were classified into five age-based classes. Linear regression models were performed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic period on the number of drug consumers, in introducing an interaction term between time and COVID-19 period.ResultsSince March 2020, in all five age groups and all three drug categories studied, the number of patients reimbursed weekly has increased compared to the period from January 2015 to February 2020. The youngest the patients, the more pronounced the magnitude.ConclusionsMonitoring the consumption of psychiatric medications could be of great interest as reliable indicators are essential for planning public health strategies. A post-crisis policy including reliable monitoring of mental health must be anticipated.
Reconsidering Group Interests
Authors: Carter Niambi , Wong Janelle , Guerrero Lisette Gallarzo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to explore attitudes toward immigration among two non-White groups, Asian Americans and Black Americans. For more than a decade, individuals from Asia have comprised the majority of immigrants entering the United States each year. Today, the majority of the Asian American U.S. population remains foreign-born. Yet using data collected from the 2016 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey and the 2016 National Asian American Survey—a time period marked by high levels of saliency with regard to immigration issues—we find that Black Americans, the majority of whom are U.S.-born, exhibit even more progressive attitudes towards immigration, both legal and undocumented, than mostly foreign-born Asian Americans. Our research challenges economic and material theories related to immigration attitudes and suggests that political connections to and “linked fate” with other minorities better explain why Black Americans exhibit more progressive attitudes toward immigration than Asian Americans.
The Role of Maternal Perceived Social Support on the Relation Between	Prenatal Depressive Symptoms and Labor Experience
Authors: Tani Franca , Ghinassi Simon , Ponti Lucia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Background: Depression during pregnancy is a severe risk factor for negative outcomes in women and children. In particular, prenatal symptoms of depression are linked to a more complicated labor experience, characterized by more painful labor and more frequent recourse to epidural analgesia and/or oxytocin. Although this link is evident, less is known about possible mediators of this relationship. Aims: This study investigated the mediating role of perceived maternal social support on the relationship between prenatal maternal depression and labor experience. Methods: Participants were 152 Italian nulliparous women ( Mage = 31.68 years, SD = 4.94). Data were collected at two different times: T1 (at week 30–33 of gestation) women completed the Beck Depression Inventory and the Maternal Social Support Scale; T2 (at childbirth) clinical data regarding labor was registered from hospital records (duration of labor in hours and administration of oxytocin and epidural analgesia in hours). Results: The Structural Equation Modeling showed that prenatal symptoms of depression are linked to a more complicated labor experience (β = .31, p < .001). However, the quality of the maternal social support can mediate this relationship (indirect effect: β = .17, p < .000). Limitations: The complexity of the proposed model, the characteristics of the sample, the variables investigated, and the questionnaires used are discussed. Conclusion: The perception of having a good social network is an important predictor of women’s health in the transition to motherhood, decreasing the negative effect of maternal prenatal depressive symptoms on the quality of women’s labor experience.
Ionospheric Current Variations by Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis: Solar Activity Dependence and Longitudinal Differences
Authors: Owolabi Charles , Ruan Haibing , Yamazaki Y. , Kaka R. O. , Akinola O. O. , Yoshikawa Akimasa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe solar quiet (Sq) ionospheric current variations exhibit spatial and temporal patterns that can be identified by the prevailing eigenmodes based on the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. In this study, the Sq current function over the American and European/African sectors are derived using ground magnetometer data from 2006 to 2019 based on the spherical harmonic analysis technique. Subsequently, we decomposed the Sq current function into eigenmodes by applying the EOF analysis, where the first three eigenmodes capture 96% of the overall Sq current variance. Additionally, these eigenmodes are utilized to model the Sq current function and compare its properties between the two longitudinal sectors. We observed that the EOF model could reconstruct the observed Sq current function with the first three eigenmodes in both longitudinal sectors. Moreover, the EOF model unveils a clear association of the Sq current function with several driven features, such as magnetic latitude, local time, season, and solar activity. Both longitudinal sectors had comparable Sq current patterns under varying solar activity, while their amplitudes varied. Besides, the newly developed model could reproduce a refined Sq current variability over the two longitudinal sectors as long as the observed Sq variations have sufficient duration. Our EOF model shows that the variations of the Sq current function with solar activity can be explained by the first three eigenmodes, which could be used as a basis for further numerical modeling of the Sq current variations.
Impacts of Auroral Precipitation on HF Propagation: A Hypothetical Over‐the‐Horizon Radar Case Study
Authors: Ruck Joshua J. , Themens David R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOver‐the‐horizon radar (OTHR) systems operating in the high‐frequency (HF) band (3–30 MHz) are unique in their ability to detect targets at extreme ranges, offering cost‐effective large‐area surveillance. Due to their reliance on the reflective nature of the ionosphere in this band, OTHR systems are extremely sensitive to ionospheric conditions and can expect significant variations in operational performance. At high latitudes, the presence of auroral enhancements in the E‐Region electron density can substantially modify the coverage area and frequency management of OTHR systems. In this study, HF raytracing is utilized to investigate these impacts for a hypothetical radar under different auroral conditions simulated using the Empirical Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model. Aurora were seen to increase maximum usable frequency from 8.5 to 26 MHz whilst also reducing median available range from 2,541 to 1,226 km and changing coverage area by −50.4% to 58.6%, for the greatest differences. Target interception showed large variations in path coverage of between 33%–115% and 0%–107% for two flight paths tested with precipitation toggled. Two distinct auroral propagation modes were observed, noted as the F‐E ducted and Auroral E‐modes. Long‐range coverage provided by the auroral F‐E ducted mode was of limited capacity with low solar activity due to reduced NmF2. F‐mode propagation transitioned to the dominating Auroral E‐mode between Auroral Electrojet index values of 50‐ and 200‐nT. The significant variations in both frequency and coverage observed within this study highlight some aspects of the importance of considering aurora in OTHR modeling and design.
Reactive Transport Modeling of Natural Gas Molecular and Isotopic Evolution During Diffusive Transport in the Subsurface
Authors: Loomer Diana B. , MacQuarrie Kerry T. B. , Al Tom A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractReactive transport modeling was employed to investigate the relative importance of fractionations associated with gas solubility, sorption and diffusive transport on dissolved methane, ethane and propane concentrations and the isotopic composition of carbon in methane (δ13C1) in groundwater. Temperature, pressure and salinity dependencies for the hydrocarbon gases were incorporated. Gas molecular ratios, C1/(C2 + C3), increased with diffusive transport, transitioning from thermogenic values to values typically indicative of biogenic gas sources, >1,000, at the leading edge of the diffusive front. Diffusive isotopic fractionation had a large effect on δ13C1 values, with fractionations ranging from −36‰ to −107‰, the difference being a function of the diffusive fractionation factor (αD0). Larger fractionations resulted from αD0 determined at relatively low pressures, 5–50 atm, and temperatures, 20°C–25°C. Less fractionation occurred with αD0 measured at higher pressures and temperature, 30–89 atm and 90°C. The extremely depleted δ13C1 values indicated from the modeling, less than −110‰, have not been observed in shallow groundwater, suggesting that diffusive fractionation of δ13C1 is offset by other processes such as microbial oxidation. 2k factorial analysis was used to assess the model sensitivity to specific parameters: estimations of hydrocarbon travel distance are most sensitive to porosity and tortuosity, while the molecular ratio was most sensitive to the free‐water diffusion coefficient, and the isotopic fractionation was most sensitive to αD0. The magnitude of diffusive fractionation on the molecular and isotopic composition of transported hydrocarbon gas may be similar to fractionations from microbial oxidation and mixing between different sources.
New Modeling Framework for Describing the Pollutant Transport and Removal of Ditch‐Pond System in an Agricultural Catchment
Authors: Sun C. , Chen L. , Liu H. B. , Zhu H. , Lü M. Q. , Chen S. B. , Wang Y. W. , Shen Z. Y. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDitch‐pond systems (DPSs) play a key role in hydrologic regulation and pollutant removal in agricultural regions, yet there is a lack of quantitative tools that describe their complex transport and removal processes across spatial scales. To fill this gap, a new modeling framework is proposed by implementing three improvements based on the typical watershed models: (a) the explicit rasterization of natural‐artificial drainage, (b) accurate spatial representations of ditches and ponds, and (c) the development of a pollutant‐removal module. This framework is exemplified for a DPS‐dominated catchment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China. The results revealed that 55.36% of the drainage areas in this catchment were dominated by ditch networks, highlighting the significant impacts of artificial factors. The results simulated by the new framework also indicated the great impacts of specific pond distributions on pollutant removal. In this context, pollutant exports in DPSs were distinctly lower than that in natural situation modeling, about 25.14%–46.65% of pollutants are removed by DPSs. On this basis, the scenario analysis also explored the critical placements of ponds and ditches to optimize pollutant removal and to enhance agricultural management in DPSs. This new framework is available for other real DPS‐dominated catchments with potential applications in typical model augmentations and improvements.
Gsα deficiency facilitates cardiac remodeling via CREB/ Bmp10-mediated signaling
Authors: Yin Ping , Li Dan , Zhao Qi , Cai Mingming , Wu Zhenru , Shi Yujun , Su Li 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe stimulatory G-protein alpha subunit (Gsα), a ubiquitously expressed protein, mediates G-protein receptor-stimulated signal transduction. To investigate the functions of Gsα in cardiomyocytes. We developed transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced heart failure mouse models and tamoxifen-inducible transgenic mice with cardiac-specific Gsα disruption. We detected alterations in Gsα expression in TAC-induced heart failure mice. Moreover, we examined cardiac function and structure in mice with genetic Gsα deletion and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of Gsα function. We found that Gsα expression increased during the compensated cardiac hypertrophy period and decreased during the heart failure period. Moreover, cardiac-specific Gsα disruption deteriorated cardiac function and induced severe cardiac remodeling. Mechanistically, Gsα disruption decreased CREB1 expression and inhibited the Bmp10-mediated signaling pathway. In addition, we found that Gsα regulates Bmp10 expression through the binding of CREB1 to the Bmp10 promoter. Our results suggest that fluctuations in Gsα levels may play a vital role in the development of heart failure and that loss of Gsα function facilitates cardiac remodeling.
LncRNA RP11-295G20.2 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and autophagy by targeting PTEN to lysosomal degradation
Authors: Liang Linhui , Huan Lin , Wang Jiajia , Wu Yangjun , Huang Shenglin , He Xianghuo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPTEN is a crucial tumor suppressor and loss of PTEN protein is involved in various cancers. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of PTEN loss in cancers remain elusive, especially the involvement of lncRNAs. Here, lncRNA RP11-295G20.2 is found to be significantly upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promotes the growth of liver cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, RP11-295G20.2 inhibits autophagy in liver cancer cells. Interestingly, RP11-295G20.2 directly binds to the PTEN protein and leads to its degradation. RP11-295G20.2 expression is inversely correlated with PTEN protein expression in 82 TCGA/TCPA-LIHC samples. Surprisingly, RP11-295G20.2-induced PTEN degradation occurs through the lysosomal pathway instead of the proteasome pathway. RP11-295G20.2 binds to the N terminus of PTEN and facilitates the interaction of p62 with PTEN. Thus, PTEN is translocated into lysosomes and degraded. RP11-295G20.2 also influences AKT phosphorylation and forkhead box O 3a (FOXO3a) translocation into the nucleus, in turn regulating the transcription of autophagy-related genes. Collectively, RP11-295G20.2 directly binds to PTEN and enables its lysosomal degradation. This newly identified RP11-295G20.2/PTEN axis reveals an unexplored molecular mechanism regarding PTEN loss in liver cancer and might provide new therapeutic benefits for liver cancer patients.
Ecological dependencies make remote reef fish communities most vulnerable to coral loss
Authors: Strona Giovanni , Beck Pieter S. A. , Cabeza Mar , Fattorini Simone , Guilhaumon François , Micheli Fiorenza , Montano Simone , Ovaskainen Otso , Planes Serge , Veech Joseph A. , Parravicini Valeriano 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEcosystems face both local hazards, such as over-exploitation, and global hazards, such as climate change. Since the impact of local hazards attenuates with distance from humans, local extinction risk should decrease with remoteness, making faraway areas safe havens for biodiversity. However, isolation and reduced anthropogenic disturbance may increase ecological specialization in remote communities, and hence their vulnerability to secondary effects of diversity loss propagating through networks of interacting species. We show this to be true for reef fish communities across the globe. An increase in fish-coral dependency with the distance of coral reefs from human settlements, paired with the far-reaching impacts of global hazards, increases the risk of fish species loss, counteracting the benefits of remoteness. Hotspots of fish risk from fish-coral dependency are distinct from those caused by direct human impacts, increasing the number of risk hotspots by ~30% globally. These findings might apply to other ecosystems on Earth and depict a world where no place, no matter how remote, is safe for biodiversity, calling for a reconsideration of global conservation priorities.
Ultra-broadband Kerr microcomb through soliton spectral translation
Authors: Moille Gregory , Perez Edgar F. , Stone Jordan R. , Rao Ashutosh , Lu Xiyuan , Rahman Tahmid Sami , Chembo Yanne K. , Srinivasan Kartik 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBroadband and low-noise microresonator frequency combs (microcombs) are critical for deployable optical frequency measurements. Here we expand the bandwidth of a microcomb far beyond its anomalous dispersion region on both sides of its spectrum through spectral translation mediated by mixing of a dissipative Kerr soliton and a secondary pump. We introduce the concept of synthetic dispersion to qualitatively capture the system’s key physical behavior, in which the second pump enables spectral translation through four-wave mixing Bragg scattering. Experimentally, we pump a silicon nitride microring at 1063 nm and 1557 nm to enable soliton spectral translation, resulting in a total bandwidth of 1.6 octaves (137–407 THz). We examine the comb’s low-noise characteristics, through heterodyne beat note measurements across its spectrum, measurements of the comb tooth spacing in its primary and spectrally translated portions, and their relative noise. These ultra-broadband microcombs provide new opportunities for optical frequency synthesis, optical atomic clocks, and reaching previously unattainable wavelengths.
Convergent use of phosphatidic acid for hepatitis C virus and SARS-CoV-2 replication organelle formation
Authors: Tabata Keisuke , Prasad Vibhu , Paul David , Lee Ji-Young , Pham Minh-Tu , Twu Woan-Ing , Neufeldt Christopher J. , Cortese Mirko , Cerikan Berati , Stahl Yannick , Joecks Sebastian , Tran Cong Si , Lüchtenborg Christian , V’kovski Philip , Hörmann Katrin , Müller André C. , Zitzmann Carolin , Haselmann Uta , Beneke Jürgen , Kaderali Lars , Erfle Holger , Thiel Volker , Lohmann Volker , Superti-Furga Giulio , Brügger Britta , Bartenschlager Ralf 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDouble membrane vesicles (DMVs) serve as replication organelles of plus-strand RNA viruses such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) and SARS-CoV-2. Viral DMVs are morphologically analogous to DMVs formed during autophagy, but lipids driving their biogenesis are largely unknown. Here we show that production of the lipid phosphatidic acid (PA) by acylglycerolphosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT) 1 and 2 in the ER is important for DMV biogenesis in viral replication and autophagy. Using DMVs in HCV-replicating cells as model, we found that AGPATs are recruited to and critically contribute to HCV and SARS-CoV-2 replication and proper DMV formation. An intracellular PA sensor accumulated at viral DMV formation sites, consistent with elevated levels of PA in fractions of purified DMVs analyzed by lipidomics. Apart from AGPATs, PA is generated by alternative pathways and their pharmacological inhibition also impaired HCV and SARS-CoV-2 replication as well as formation of autophagosome-like DMVs. These data identify PA as host cell lipid involved in proper replication organelle formation by HCV and SARS-CoV-2, two phylogenetically disparate viruses causing very different diseases, i.e. chronic liver disease and COVID-19, respectively. Host-targeting therapy aiming at PA synthesis pathways might be suitable to attenuate replication of these viruses.
Reversal of the magnetoelectric effect at a ferromagnetic metal/ferroelectric interface induced by metal oxidation
Authors: Chen Zhaojin , Yang Qiong , Tao Lingling , Tsymbal Evgeny Y. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMultiferroic materials composed of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric components are interesting for technological applications due to sizable magnetoelectric coupling allowing the control of magnetic properties by electric fields. Due to being compatible with the silicon-based technology, HfO2-based ferroelectrics could serve as a promising component in the composite multiferroics. Recently, a strong charge-mediated magnetoelectric coupling has been predicted for a Ni/HfO2 multiferroic heterostructure. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we systematically study the effects of the interfacial oxygen stoichiometry relevant to experiments on the magnetoelectric effect at the Ni/HfO2 interface. We demonstrate that the magnetoelectric effect is very sensitive to the interface stoichiometry and is reversed if an oxidized Ni monolayer is formed at the interface. The reversal of the magnetoelectric effect is driven by a strong Ni−O bonding producing exchange-split polarization-sensitive antibonding states at the Fermi energy. We argue that the predicted reversal of the magnetoelectric effect is typical for other 3d ferromagnetic metals, such as Co and Fe, where the metal-oxide antibonding states have an opposite spin polarization compared to that in the pristine ferromagnetic metals. Our results provide an important insight into the mechanism of the interfacial magnetoelectric coupling, which is essential for the physics and application of multiferroic heterostructures.