bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hybrid metaheuristic method for optimization of active tuned mass dampers
Authors: Kayabekir Aylin Ece , Nigdeli Sinan Melih , Bekdaş Gebrail 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA metaheuristic‐based tuning methodology for the optimization of active tuned mass dampers (ATMDs) is presented. The methodology considers both physical parameters of ATMDs and controller parameters of the control algorithm. The employed control algorithm is a proportional–integral–derivative type controller. ATMDs are used in structures in the reduction of structural responses resulted from earthquakes. The proposed methodologies must be feasible for real practices in construction, so consider all physical factors such as stroke capacity, limitation of the active control force, the time delay of the generated control signal, and a time‐saving one. A novel hybrid metaheuristic algorithm that combines the specific advantages of four metaheuristics (harmony search, flower pollination algorithm, teaching‐learning‐based optimization and Jaya algorithm) is proposed for the optimization process. The results of the process showed that ATMDs are more effective for high values strike limitations, compared to TMDs. The feasibility and effectiveness of the optimum control method are also demonstrated on a full‐size 76‐story structure.
Evidence for distinct isotopic compositions of sap and tissue water in tree stems: consequences for plant water source identification
Authors: Barbeta Adrià , Burlett Régis , Martín‐Gómez Paula , Fréjaville Bastien , Devert Nicolas , Wingate Lisa , Domec Jean‐Christophe , Ogée Jérôme 
Published: November 2021

Summary

The long‐standing hypothesis that the isotopic composition of plant stem water reflects that of source water is being challenged by studies reporting bulk water from woody stems with an isotopic composition that cannot be attributed to any potential water source. The mechanism behind such source–stem water isotopic offsets is still poorly understood.

Using a novel technique to extract selectively sap water from xylem conduits, we show that, in cut stems and potted plants, the isotopic composition of sap water reflects that of irrigation water, demonstrating unambiguously that no isotopic fractionation occurs during root water uptake or sap water extraction. By contrast, water in nonconductive xylem tissues is always depleted in deuterium compared with sap water, irrespective of wood anatomy.

Previous studies have shown that isotopic heterogeneity also exists in soils at the pore scale in which water adsorbed onto soil particles is more depleted in deuterium than unbound water. Data collected at a riparian forest indicated that sap water matches best unbound soil water from depth below −70 cm, while bulk stem and soil water differ markedly.

We conclude that source–stem isotopic offsets can be explained by micrometre‐scale heterogeneity in the isotope ratios of water within woody stems and soil micro‐pores.
Spatial dispersion analysis of LGE‐CMR for prediction of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Aronis Konstantinos N. , Okada David R. , Xie Eric , Daimee Usama A. , Prakosa Adityo , Gilotra Nisha A. , Wu Katherine C. , Trayanova Natalia , Chrispin Jonathan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) are at increased risk of life‐threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Current approaches to risk stratification have limited predictive value.ObjectivesTo assess the utility of spatial dispersion analysis of late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE‐CMR), as a quantitative measure of myocardial tissue heterogeneity, in risk stratifying patients with CS for VA and death.MethodsSixty two patients with CS underwent LGE‐CMR. LGE images were segmented and dispersion maps of the left and right ventricles were generated as follows. Based on signal intensity (SI), each pixel was categorized as abnormal (SI ≥3SD above the mean), intermediate (SI 1–3 SD above the mean) or normal (SI <1SD above the mean); and each pixel was then assigned a value of 0 to 8 based on the number of adjacent pixels of a different category. Average dispersion score was calculated for each patient. The primary endpoint was VA during follow up. The composite of VA or death was assessed as a secondary endpoint.ResultsDuring 4.7 ± 3.5 years of follow up, six patients had VA, and five without documented VA died. Average dispersion score was significantly higher in patients with VA versus those without (0.87 ± 0.08 vs. 0.71 ± 0.16; p = .002) and in patients with events versus those without (0.83 ± 0.08 vs. 0.70 ± 0.16; p = .003). Patients at higher tertiles of dispersion score had a higher incidence of VA (p = .03) and the composite of VA or death (p = .01).ConclusionsIncreased substrate heterogeneity, quantified by spatial dispersion analysis of LGE‐CMR, may be helpful in risk‐stratifying patients with CS for adverse events, including life‐threatening arrhythmias.
Error traps in pediatric one‐lung ventilation
Authors: Lazar Alina , Chatterjee Debnath , Templeton Thomas Wesley 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the advent of thoracoscopic surgery, the benefits of lung isolation in children have been increasingly recognized. However, because of the small airway dimensions, equipment limitations in size and maneuverability, and limited respiratory reserve, one‐lung ventilation in children remains challenging. This article highlights some of the most common error traps in the management of pediatric lung isolation and focuses on practical solutions for their management. The error traps discussed are as follows: (1) the failure to take into consideration relevant aspects of tracheobronchial anatomy when selecting the size of the lung isolation device, (2) failure to execute correct placement of the device chosen for lung isolation, (3) failure to maintain lung isolation related to surgical manipulation and isolation device movement, (4) failure to select appropriate ventilator strategies during one‐lung ventilation, and (5) failure to appropriately manage and treat hypoxemia in the setting of one‐lung ventilation.
Should I GROW or should I SLOW: A meta‐analysis of fast‐growing tree‐species grown in cadmium perturbed environment
Authors: Župunski Milan , Arsenov Danijela , Borišev Milan , Nikolić Nataša , Pajević Slobodanka 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVariations in soil chemical composition may lead to disturbances in plant growth and survival. Which strategies of biomass allocation fast‐growing species acquire to overcome the disturbances in the rhizosphere remains an open research challenge. We conducted a series of greenhouse pot experiments to collect enough experimental evidence to elucidate the answer. A tiered analytical approach was applied to collected data to fingerprint both the intraspecies and interspecies differences. We investigated the biomass allocation patterns in Robinia pseudoacacia L., Populus × euramericana, Populus deltoides, Salix alba, Salix matsudana Koidz., and Salix viminalis L. (18 fast‐growing genotypes in total) under cadmium‐free and cadmium‐perturbed soil conditions. Further, we explored the intraspecific and interspecific differences between tested plants and looked for different strategies employed under perturbed conditions. We show that fast‐growing species tend to strengthen their roots toward the Cd triggered perturbances in the rhizosphere and allocate more biomass to that plant organ/part. Intraspecies analyses pointed to differences in resource use efficiency and acquisition strategy based on specific leaf area, pointing toward P. deltoides genotypes PE19/66 and PD3, and S. alba B44 as strong, fast‐growing oriented genotypes. Others exhibited more or less a conservative resource use and acquisition strategy under perturbed conditions. Our study highlights the intraspecies and interspecies specificity of fast‐growing species to Cd occurrence in the rhizosphere. Association of growth traits and Cd‐related traits tested with structural equation model highlighted the shoots bioconcentration index as a proxy‐trait which directly interplay with the functional traits performance and modify the biomass shift.
Integrative signaling of hydrogen peroxide and gibberellin on Zn‐mediated alleviation of thermodormancy in sorghum seeds
Authors: Gomes Marcelo Pedrosa , Bicalho Elisa Monteze , Garcia Queila Souza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIncreasing global temperatures could result in decreasing crop production by decreasing seed germination in the field due to thermodormancy acquisition. Certain metals appear to modulate seed thermodormancy, although the exact mechanisms of that effect have not yet been elucidated. We report here the effects of Zn on the thermodormancy of sorghum seeds. Seeds treated with 0 or 200 mg Zn L−1 were germinated at optimal (30°C) and supra‐optimal (40°C) temperatures and their germinability and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. The integrative effects of Zn, abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and H2O2 on the physiology of seed thermodormancy were examined. The supra‐optimal germination temperature (40°C) induced seed thermodormancy, which was, however, alleviated by treatment with 200 mg Zn L−1. Thermodormancy acquired at supra‐optimal temperatures in sorghum seeds must reflect de novo synthesis and accumulation of ABA. Although Zn treatment did not prevent ABA accumulation, it increased the activities of mitochondrial ETC enzymes and decreased the antioxidant enzymes' activity, leading to the accumulation of H2O2. By increasing mitochondria activity and H2O2 production, Zn may induce GA synthesis and alleviate thermodormancy in sorghum seeds. The pretreatment of sorghum seeds with Zn may therefore improve seed germination and assure increased crop performance under normal (30°C) or rising (up to 40°C) temperatures.
Poverty and vulnerability in Mozambique: An analysis of dynamics and correlates in light of the Covid‐19 crisis using synthetic panels
Authors: Salvucci Vincenzo , Tarp Finn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aims at providing new insights into poverty, vulnerability, and their correlates in Mozambique, applying synthetic panels techniques and expanding on earlier analyses. Our results suggest that there is a high degree of poverty immobility, especially in rural areas in the northern and central regions and for low‐educated people. Even nonpoor households are at a high risk to vulnerability, and this risk does not differ much for households in urban/rural areas or in different regions or with different education levels. We also observe that a large portion of the population remains in or out of poverty over the entire year, with a higher percentage of individuals moving into poverty between the dry and the rainy seasons and a nonnegligible proportion of vulnerable people not managing to revert to nonpoverty in the subsequent dry season. Overall, these findings are highly relevant for designing anti‐poverty policies and strategies, as they provide information on intra‐year shocks and on some of the characteristics related to upward and downward mobility over longer time spans, also with regard to the recent Covid‐19 and other recent shocks suffered by the country.
Factor intensity reversals redux: Feenstra is right!
Authors: Kiyota Kozo , Kurokawa Yoshinori 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTwo‐ or more‐factor general equilibrium models commonly assume no factor intensity reversals (FIRs): a good that is relatively capital intensive compared with other goods within a country/region is also relatively capital intensive within another country/region. This assumption is so important that its breakdown results in the collapse of several well‐known theorems, such as the Heckscher–Ohlin theorem and the Stolper–Samuelson theorem. Seeing a recent observation, however, Feenstra (2015, Advanced international trade: Theory and evidence (2nd ed.), Princeton University Press) argues that FIRs are quite realistic. Our nonparametric test finds that recent regional‐level data support his view. At the two‐digit industry level, the degree of FIRs among regions is higher than those found in previous studies, which is accompanied by wide differences in relative factor prices among regions. The degree has also increased over the last two decades. FIRs are even stronger at the disaggregated four‐digit industry level and, though not many, exist at the two‐aggregated‐industry level as well. At all the three levels, FIRs do not disappear even when we take into account other factors such as human capital and land. Thus, considering a model without restrictions on FIRs might be a possible direction of research.
Dental management of a pediatric patient with Kohlschutter‐Tonz syndrome: A case report
Authors: Kulkarni Roopali , Caster Jacqueline M. , Robin Alec , Hajishengallis Evlambia , Stoopler Eric T. , Tanaka Takako I. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionKohlschutter‐Tonz syndrome (KTS) is a rare, genetic condition, which typically manifests as a triad of symptoms: 1) amelogenesis imperfecta, 2) infantile onset epilepsy, and 3) intellectual disability. The condition poses dental treatment challenges given the manifestation of amelogenesis imperfecta. Additional considerations are needed to medically manage these patients who present with epilepsy and intellectual disability.Case ReportOur patient presented with multiple restorative needs, was treated under general anesthesia, and maintained good oral outcomes with close follow‐up.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report which documents comprehensive dental management of a pediatric patient with KTS.
Opioid use as a proximal risk factor for suicidal behavior in young adults
Authors: Marengo Laura , Douaihy Antoine , Zhong Yongqi , Krancevich Katie , Brummit Bradley , Sakolsky Dara , Deal Meredith , Zelazny Jamie , Goodfriend Eli , Saul Melissa , Murata Stephen , Thoma Brian , Mansour Hader , Tew Jamie , Ahmed Nadeem , Marsland Anna , Brent David , Melhem Nadine M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere is a concomitant rise in suicide rates with the prevalence of opioids involved in overdose deaths, especially among adolescents and young adults. However, there are limited studies on whether opioid use prospectively predicts suicidal behavior in youth.MethodsOur sample included 183 psychiatric patients (18–30 years) admitted for a suicide attempt (SA), have current suicidal ideation (SI), and psychiatric controls without ideation or attempt (PC). Suicidal behavior was assessed using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. We also recruited a healthy control group (HC; n = 40). Patients and controls were followed over a year. ANOVA, regression, and cox regression were used.ResultsSuicide attempt (β = 0.87, CI [0.1–1.6], p = 0.02) and SI [(β = 0.75, CI [0.03–1.5], p = 0.04) were significantly more likely than HCs to have used opioids in the past year at baseline. Opioid use was associated with increased anxiety symptoms (β = 0.75, CI [0.001–1.5], p = 0.05), PTSD symptoms (β = 3.90, CI [1.1–6.7], p = 0.01), and aggression (β = 0.02, CI [0.01–0.04], p = 0.02). Opioid use in the month prior to hospitalization predicted SA at 6 months (OR = 1.87, CI [1.06–3.31], p = 0.032).ConclusionsOpioid use is a proximal predictor for SA. These findings may help clinicians better identify patients at risk for suicidal behavior, allowing for more personalized treatment approaches.
Molecular phylogeny of Allodia (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) constructed using genome skimming
Authors: Magnussen Trude , Johnsen Arild , Kjærandsen Jostein , Struck Torsten H. , Søli Geir E. E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, we use low‐coverage shotgun sequencing of genomic DNA, commonly referred to as genome skimming, to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of the fungus gnat genus Allodia Winnertz (Mycetophilidae, Mycetophilinae, Exechiini). Nineteen specimens, representing 16 in‐group and three outgroup taxa, were successfully sequenced and molecular markers of both mitochondrial and nuclear origin were retrieved. The phylogenetic analyses of 13 protein‐coding mitochondrial genes, two ribosomal mitochondrial genes and the nuclear ribosomal 18S and 28S strongly support the monophyly of its two subgenera Allodia s.s. and Brachycampta. Complete mitochondrial genomes of 15 species were assembled, which enables further comparisons with the mitochondrial genomes of other Diptera. Overall, the methodology used in this study proved successful and promising for other dipteran groups. In addition to the phylogenetic reconstruction, the morphological characters previously used to separate the two subgenera were evaluated and re‐examined. Together with the composite structure of the male genitalia, we consider details of the scutal bristles appropriate for separating the two groups. Based on the achieved results, we reinstate Brachycampta stat. rev. as a separate genus.
Thermal regime and slab dehydration beneath the Izu‐Bonin arc: Implications for fast and slow subduction earthquakes
Authors: Zhu Weiling , Ji Yingfeng , Qu Rui , Xie Chaodi , Yoshioka Shoichi , Zeng Deng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe transition from cold forearc to hot arc is considered fundamental to subduction dynamics. However, the range and depth of the cold nose changing significantly along the strike are difficult to constrain. By incorporating the three‐dimensional high‐resolution slab topography and MORVEL plate motion field to constrain thermomechanical modelling, we estimate the subduction thermal state and petrological dehydration in Izu‐Bonin. The multilayered hydrothermal regime gradually transitions from cold to less cold forearc, associated with a large‐scale subduction dewatering process varying along the strike. The dehydration embrittlement resulting from eclogitization and harzburgitization influences the occurrence of fast to slow earthquakes on megathrusts. Impressively, the cold nose is constrained to a depth of 60 km between the arc and Moho‐depth plate interface. The lowered temperature and delay of rock harzburgitization in the cold center of the subducted plate at depth contribute to the occurrence of deep earthquakes below the hot backarc interface.
A Repeated Commuting Driving Cycle Dataset With Application to Short-Term Vehicle Velocity Forecasting
Authors: Liu Yuanzhi , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Vehicle velocity forecasting plays a critical role in operation scheduling of varying systems and devices for a passenger vehicle. The forecasted information serves as an indispensable prerequisite for vehicle energy management via predictive control algorithms or vehicle ecosystem control Co-design. This paper first generates a repeated urban driving cycle dataset at a fixed route in the Dallas area, aiming to simulate a daily commuting route and serves as a base for further energy management study. To explore the dynamic properties, these driving cycles are piecewise divided into cycle segments via intersection/stop identification. A vehicle velocity forecasting model pool is then developed for each segment, including the hidden Markov chain model, long short-term memory network, artificial neural network, support vector regression, and similarity methods. To further improve the forecasting performance, higher-level algorithms like localized model selection, ensemble approaches, and a combination of them are investigated and compared. Results show that (i) the segment-based forecast improves the forecasting accuracy by up to 20.1%, compared to the whole cycle-based forecast, and (ii) the hybrid localized model framework that combines dynamic model selection and an ensemble approach could further improve the accuracy by 9.7%. Moreover, the potential of leveraging the stopping location at an intersection to estimate the waiting time is also evaluated in this study.
Application of Dynamic Mode Decomposition to Study Temporal Flow Behavior in a Saccular Aneurysm
Authors: Yu Paulo , Durgesh Vibhav 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aneurysms are abnormal expansion of weakened blood vessels which can cause mortality or long-term disability upon rupture. Several studies have shown that inflow conditions spatially and temporally influence aneurysm flow behavior. The objective of this investigation is to identify impact of inflow conditions on spatio-temporal flow behavior in an aneurysm using dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). For this purpose, low-frame rate velocity field measurements are performed in an idealized aneurysm model using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The inflow conditions are precisely controlled using a ViVitro SuperPump system where nondimensional fluid parameters such as peak Reynolds number (Rep) and Womersely number (α) are varied from 50–270 and 2–5, respectively. The results show the ability of DMD to identify the spatial flow structures and their frequency content. Furthermore, DMD captured the impact of inflow conditions, and change in mode shapes, amplitudes, frequency, and growth rate information is observed. The DMD low-order flow reconstruction also showed the complex interplay of flow features for each inflow scenario. Furthermore, the low-order reconstruction results provided a mathematical description of the flow behavior in the aneurysm which captured the vortex formation, evolution, and convection in detail. These results indicated that the vortical structure behavior varied with the change in α while its strength and presence of secondary structures are influenced by the change in Rep.
Examining the Dynamic Nature of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Factors in Women’s Collegiate Soccer
Authors: D’Argenio Elena M. , Eckard Timothy G. , Frank Barnett S. , Prentice William E. , Padua Darin A. 
Published: November 2021

Context:Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common and devastating injury in women’s soccer. Several risk factors for ACL injury have been identified, but have not yet been examined as potentially dynamic risk factors, which may change throughout a collegiate soccer season.Design:Prospective cohort study.Methods:Nine common clinical screening assessments for ACL injury risk, consisting of range of motion, movement quality, and power, were assessed in 29 Division I collegiate women’s soccer players. Preseason and midseason values were compared for significant differences. Change scores for each risk factor were also correlated with cumulative training loads during the first 10 weeks of a competitive soccer season.Results:Hip external rotation range of motion and power had statistically significant and meaningful differences at midseason compared with preseason, indicating they are dynamic risk factors. There were no significant associations between the observed risk factor changes and cumulative training load.Conclusions:Hip external rotation range of motion and power are dynamic risk factors for ACL injury in women’s collegiate soccer athletes. Serial screening of these risk factors may elucidate stronger associations with injury risk and improve prognostic accuracy of screening tools.