bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-Sign Language Glove based Hand Talking System
Authors: Baktash Abdullah Qassim , Mohammed Saleem Latteef , Jameel Huda Farooq 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Many people around the world suffer from losing the ability to talk and hear with different levels of disabilities, caused by either a car or a work accident or some diseases. After losing communication, these people cannot do normal functions of normal life. Along with the aforementioned disabilities, those people may also have psychological effects. This paper introduces a technique to realize multiple sign language translation using a sensors-based glove and an Android smartphone for speech impaired people to communicate normally with people. The design of the hand talking system (HTS) was implemented with a minimum possible number of sensors and a capable sewing controller (Lilypad). The proposed HTS includes flex sensors, Arduino, smartphone, and accelerometer. The HTS uses an Android application programmed to store multi-language in the SQLite database and enables the user to interact with the system. The system provides talking with a letter formed words, or using the most frequently used words in daily communication by hand gesture. The HTS has achieved high accuracy obtained for American Sign Language and Arabic Sing Language which are about 98.26% and 99.33% respectively with an average accuracy of 98.795 for both Sign Languages.
Breast Tissue Characterization Based on Generalised Extreme Value Distribution of Ultrasound Radio-Frequency Data
Authors: Baqer Jaafar Raad , Alazawi Aws , Humadi Abbas Fadhal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, an ultrasound Radio-Frequency (RF) data of healthy and tumour breast regions are considered for tissue characterisation. The main aim of this study is to differentiate the consistent statistical distribution of backscattered RF data with the objective of performing semi-automatic segmentation based on statistics. The differentiation considers Gamma, Generalised Extreme Value (GEV), Log-normal, and Rayleigh distributions. The accuracy of the statistical parameters is measured based on the criteria of both the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test (KS) and Mean Square Error (MSE) goodness of fit. Results show that there is a possibility of using the parameters of Rayleigh, Gamma, and GEV for different healthy and tumour tissue regions, where GEV yields the best goodness of fit test and its parameters have a good potential to be exploited for further study for segmentation purposes.
A Review on The Performance of Ring foundations resting on reinforced and unreinforced soil
Authors: Kadhum Mohammad Qassim , Albusoda Bushra Suhale 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This manuscript presents a literature review of research undertaken on the bearing various parameters and conditions particularly loading types, size of footings, type of soil, bearing capacity factors Nγ, Nq and Nc, in addition to soil reinforcement. Numerous researchers investigated the bearing capacity of the ring foundations noticed that it is affected severely bearing capacity and settlement of ring footings under by the ratio of radius of the ring and the optimum value was 0.4 beyond which the bearing capacity of ring footing decreased under static conditions, different values have been found under dynamic conditions. It is to be acknowledged that most experimental tests were carried out statically mostly with small scale physical model. In contrast, only a few were undertaken with a dynamic test. It was observed that the optimal size and orientation of the reinforcement layer represent the main factors to enhance the bearing capacity and minimize the settlement for the ring footing located on geogrid reinforced sandy soil. In particular, the embedment depth for reinforcement, the space between two-layers, and the size of geogrid equal to (0.3-0.32), 0.32, and (3.5-4.0) of the outer diameter of footing respectively. Furthermore, it was found that the evaluates of bearing capacity factor Nγ, Nq, and Nc strongly affected by the ratio of the radius for both smoothly base and roughly base of the ring footings particularly the factor Nγ, particularly for greater values of the ratio of radius, the value of Nγ is considerably higher for roughly surfaces than that for a smoothly base.
Orientation in Urban Planning & its Relation with Electric Power Consumption Case Study: Yassin Khuraibet Town
Authors: Abdulwahid Sabaa Mujtaba , Ibrahim Farah Abdalsalam , Mosa Mujtaba Abdulwahid 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Iraq has suffered since decades from the shortage of supplying electric power o supply residential buildings. This research aims to study the orientation factor in the urban planning and its relation with the decrease of electric power consumption by reducing the cooling loads in summer season, which it is a long season in Iraq.
Research tackles problem decreasing in supplying electric power and the disability of government in providing sufficient electric power to the citizens. The research discusses the possibility of decrease of electric power consumption through the study of the orientation factor in the urban planning of a town sector of 4869 residential buildings. Therefore, the research suggests the possibility of calculation of the cooling loads and electric power consumption of a residential building located on an area of 200m2. The ground floor is 150m2 and the first floor is 100m2. This residential building has been entered into e-Quest program at thermal conditions similar to the weather conditions of Basra province and the results show that the best orientation in decreasing the annual electric consumption are the north and south directions.
Research hypothesis the possibility of rotation all residential buildings of Yassin Khuraibet town to the north and south, and these directions are depended according to practical study as above.
Research methodology Yassin Khuraibet is a case study. There is an attempt to re-design the city with preserving the number of the residential buildings, parks and services of this town and to study the effect of residential building orientation to the north and south that are the best directions of electric power consumption for cooling purposes.
Research results appear after it is oriented all residential buildings to the north and south, the town is acceptable in terms of urban planning. The result of calculation shows the decrease of cooling loads 8% and electric power consumption 11%.
Assessment of flood hazard areas and its management using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of Tigris River - Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Wadeea Khalid , Jaber Hussein Sabah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Flood is one of the most widely distributed hazards around the world and its management is an important concern for all decision maker this phenomenon. In Iraq, especially in Salah Al-Din Governorate, during the Spring 2019, the amount of water flowing has been increased into Tigris River, this led to a rise in the river level as a result of rains in close range and snow melting, as well as an increase in the drainage of the Small Zab, which is flowed into Tigris River at Salah Al-Din Governorate. Therefore, the flood hazard mapping and flood shelter analyses have been accomplished through the assessment of damage and determination the optimal location to make flood escape for mitigation the flood hazard processing. The Remote Sensing (R.S) technique and Geographic Information System (GIS) have been utilized to assess the damage by using the NDVI and NDWI indices. Arc Hydro tool in GIS software with the hydraulic model HEC-Ras software have been also utilized to find the flood escape and modeling the flood shelter. The result shows that the damaged areas at Salah Al-Din Governorate for agriculture land and flood inundation map.
Application of multivariate statistical techniques in the evaluation of large-scale water treatment plants in Baghdad.
Authors: Mohammed Nisreen Y. , Abdulrazzaq Khalid A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to evaluate large-scale water treatment plants’ performance and demonstrate that it can produce high-level effluent water. Raw water and treated water parameters of a large monitoring databank from 2016 to 2019, from eight water treatment plants located at different parts in Baghdad city, were analyzed using nonparametric and multivariate statistical tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The plants are Al-Karkh, Sharq-Dijlah, Al-Wathba, Al-Qadisiya Al-Karama, Al-Dora, Al-Rasheed, Al-Wehda. PCA extracted six factors as the most significant water quality parameters that can be used to evaluate the variation in drinking water quality and responsible for 73.389% of the variance in the data set. Based on this selection criterion, the most significant water quality parameters that can be used to evaluate the variation in drinking water quality parameters are the mineral-related parameters (e.g., Ca+2, Mg+2, salinity, hardness), the nutrient parameters (i.e., dissolved nitrate and nitrite and orthophosphate), and a physical parameter. HCA analysis was able to group water treatment plants with similar raw water and treated water quality based on the water quality data from eight WTPs into three clusters.
Assessment of durability and deterioration of rocks from western Iraq
Authors: Al-Taie Abbas J 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe behavior of rocks in water can be expressed in terms of their ability to resist slaking when exposed to water. This ability to withstand durability and deterioration from weathering affects both the effectiveness of the engineering project and its cost. Durability and deterioration of rock from the west of Iraq are little studied, and there is little confidence in these properties to be utilized in engineering works. This study is emphasized on the information obtained from the slaking durability test, specific gravity, and absorption tests performed to evaluate durability and deterioration properties of the rock samples taken from the stratum of the Rutba-Jezira Zone, western Iraq. An examination of the statistical relationship between water content, slake durability index, specific gravities and absorption was also included. The results show that the durability and deterioration of the investigated rock are variable due to the occurrences of a different secondary constituent. Such rock can deteriorate rapidly upon exposure or slake and soften when in contact with water. As a result, the rock of the study area is problem material in several phases of geotechnical engineering.
Smart Irrigation System with Solar Power
Authors: Suresh Kumar A , Rahul R , Santhosh R , Shoaib Akhtar S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As of late everything relies upon brilliant innovation. Water system framework is likewise getting brilliant by utilizing present day advances, which is more profitable instead of the conventional strategies. In this undertaking, a shrewd water system framework is built up that robotizes the water system measure with the assistance of sun based and wind energy. This proposed framework can upgrade the utilization of water dependent on various information, for example, soil dampness, climate expectation, and so forth It will likewise inform its proprietor about the current state of the dirt and engine through IOT innovation. This proposed model can naturally kill ON and the engine siphon by detecting the dampness substance of the dirt relying upon the interest of water in the field. A dampness sensor is utilized to gather information (soil moister level) of a specific territory. The engine will consequently kill subsequent to satisfying the interest of water and get turns ON again when the field gets dry. IOT innovation is utilized to send the report (ON/OFF) of an engine to the ranchers. The entire proposed framework is constrained by an Arduino. Here, DC power is produced from the sun oriented board and wind engine. Every one of these highlights will make water system framework a lot more brilliant and practical. This Project manages the age of power by utilizing two sources join which prompts create power with reasonable expense without harming the nature balance.
Analysing the nature of plasma and blood flow using exact roving wave solutions of fifth order rove-time equation
Authors: Senjudarvannan R , Revathi A , Priyadharsini R , Sasikumar N P , Banupriya K , Sudha D 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the nonlinear higher order differential scrupulous equations share in countless spectacles in Physics such as Fluid dynamics, Hydro dynamics, Optics, Plasma physics and so on. The exact solutions of fifth order Kaup-Kupershmit equation describe the excitations and dynamics of ionised particles such as blood and plasmas which is an essential bodily function. Here the generalised Kudrayashov method is entertained for finding the exact solutions of fifth order KdV equation and for discovering precise roving wave solutions mutable to the solitary wave solutions for Kaup-Kupershmit equation. Among the voluminous methods, generalised Kudrayashov method is very imperative and produces the knowledge of Plasma dynamics.
Response Surface Methodology based Prediction of Biodiesel Production from Sardine Fish oil Methyl Ester using Microwave Assisted Transesterification Method
Authors: Venkatesan M , Chandra Sekhar S , Sathyamurthy Ravishankar , Sathiyamoorthy K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The demonstration of producing biodiesel from fish oil using microwave with considerable reduction in the amount of catalyst used during the reaction and time of reaction is presented in this study. The various parameters such as microwave power, concentration of catalyst, reaction time and molar ratio were experimentally investigated. The reaction parameters were optimized by response surface method. Molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction time were chosen as reaction parameters with four levels. The results from RSM model indicate that molar ratio is having the significant contribution in transesterification of fish oil to bio diesel. To confirm the results obtained confirmative experiments were done and proved to be worthy.
Monomethine cyanine probes for visualization of cellular RNA by fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Aristova Daria , Kosach Viktoriia , Chernii Svitlana , Slominsky Yuriy , Balanda Anatoliy , Filonenko Valeriy , Yarmoluk Sergiy , Rotaru Alexandru , Özkan Hülya Gizem , Mokhir Andriy , Kovalska Vladyslava 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We have studied spectral-luminescent properties of the monomethine cyanine dyes both in their free states and in the presence of either double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acids (dsDNAs) or single-stranded ribonucleic acids (RNAs). The dyes possess low fluorescence intensity in an unbound state, which is increased up to 479 times in the presence of the nucleic acids. In the presence of RNAs, the fluorescence intensity increase was stronger than that observed in the presence of dsDNA. Next, we have performed staining of live and fixed cells by all prepared dyes. The dyes proved to be cell and nuclear membrane permeant. They are photostable and brightly stain RNA-containing organelles in both live and fixed cells. The colocalization confirmed the specific nucleoli staining with anti-Ki-67 antibodies. The RNA digestion experiment has confirmed the selectivity of the dyes toward intracellular RNA. Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that the investigated monomethine cyanine dyes are useful fluorescent probes for the visualization of intracellular RNA and RNA-containing organelles such as nucleoli by using fluorescence microscopy.
Pathology Training for Cancer Diagnosis in Africa
Authors: Seymour Daniel J L , Graef Katy M , Iliyasu Yawale , Diomande Mohenou I J M , Jaquet Samuel , Kelly Melissa , Soles Ryan , Milner Dan A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
In response to requests for training in cancer pathology, two virtual training courses were organized: one in English for participants in Nigeria and another in French for participants in Francophone Africa. Each course had weekly 90-minute sessions covering essential topics in cancer pathology led by global experts.

Methods
Two research questions were investigated for both courses: (1) did the participants improve their knowledge of the topics covered during the course, and (2) did the course participants appreciate the virtual training format?

Results
The Nigeria course enrolled 85 participants from 26 Nigerian states; the Francophone Africa course enrolled 425 participants from 18 African countries. In the pre-post technical assessment, participants increased their scores on average by 3.4% (P &gt; .05) in the Nigeria course and by 13.1% (P &lt; .001) in the Francophone Africa course. On the postcourse survey, 95.8% of Nigerian respondents and 96.1% of Francophone African respondents reported being satisfied or very satisfied with the virtual format.

Conclusions
Virtual training is a promising tool to improve cancer diagnosis in Africa, as the experience of the courses illustrates that participants appreciate the virtual format. Continued training is required to reinforce skills and enable participants to appropriately apply new knowledge to their daily practice.
Growth of 19 conifer species is highly sensitive to winter warming, spring frost and summer drought
Authors: Song Yanjun , Sass-Klaassen Ute , Sterck Frank , Goudzwaard Leo , Akhmetzyanov Linar , Poorter Lourens 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsConifers are key components of many temperate and boreal forests and are important for forestry, but species differences in stem growth responses to climate are still poorly understood and may hinder effective management of these forests in a warmer and drier future.MethodsWe studied 19 Northern Hemisphere conifer species planted in a 50-year-old common garden experiment in the Netherlands to (1) assess the effect of temporal dynamics in climate on stem growth, (2) test for a possible positive relationship between the growth potential and climatic growth sensitivity across species, and (3) evaluate the extent to which stem growth is controlled by phylogeny.Key resultsEighty-nine per cent of the species showed a significant reduction in stem growth to summer drought, 37 % responded negatively to spring frost and 32 % responded positively to higher winter temperatures. Species differed largely in their growth sensitivity to climatic variation and showed, for example, a four-fold difference in growth reduction to summer drought. Remarkably, we did not find a positive relationship between productivity and climatic sensitivity, but instead observed that some species combined a low growth sensitivity to summer drought with high growth potential. Both growth sensitivity to climate and growth potential were partly phylogenetically controlled.ConclusionsA warmer and drier future climate is likely to reduce the productivity of most conifer species. We did not find a relationship between growth potential and growth sensitivity to climate; instead, some species combined high growth potential with low sensitivity to summer drought. This may help forest managers to select productive species that are able to cope with a warmer and drier future.
Discovering common pathogenetic processes between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus by differential gene expression pattern analysis
Authors: Rahman Md Rezanur , Islam Tania , Shahjaman Md , Islam Md Rafiqul , Lombardo Salvo Danilo , Bramanti Placido , Ciurleo Rosella , Bramanti Alessia , Tchorbanov Andrey , Fisicaro Francesco , Fagone Paolo , Nicoletti Ferdinando , Pennisi Manuela 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Increased severity of COVID-19 has been observed in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to identify common transcriptional signatures, regulators and pathways between COVID-19 and DM. We have integrated human whole-genome transcriptomic datasets from COVID-19 and DM, followed by functional assessment with gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), among the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 32 were found to be commonly modulated in COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes (T2D), while 10 DEGs were commonly downregulated. As regards type 1 diabetes (T1D), 21 DEGs were commonly upregulated, and 29 DEGs were commonly downregulated in COVID-19 and T1D. Moreover, 35 DEGs were commonly upregulated in SARS-CoV-2 infected pancreas organoids and T2D islets, while 14 were commonly downregulated. Several GO terms were found in common between COVID-19 and DM. Prediction of the putative transcription factors involved in the upregulation of genes in COVID-19 and DM identified RELA to be implicated in both PBMCs and pancreas. Here, for the first time, we have characterized the biological processes and pathways commonly dysregulated in COVID-19 and DM, which could be in the next future used for the design of personalized treatment of COVID-19 patients suffering from DM as comorbidity.
PZLAST: an ultra-fast amino acid sequence similarity search server against public metagenomes
Authors: Mori Hiroshi , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Higashi Koichi , Kato Yoshiaki , Ebisuzaki Toshikazu , Kurokawa Ken 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Summary
: Similarity searches of amino acid sequences against the public metagenomic data can provide users insights about the function of sequences based on the environmental distribution of similar sequences. However, a considerable reduction in the amount of data or the accuracy of the result was necessary to conduct sequence similarity searches against public metagenomic data, because of the vast data size more than Terabytes. Here, we present an ultra-fast service for the highly accurate amino acid sequence similarity search, called PZLAST, which can search the user’s amino acid sequences to several Terabytes of public metagenomic sequences in ∼10–20 min. PZLAST accomplishes its search speed by using PEZY-SC2, which is a Multiple Instruction Multiple Data many-core processor. Results of PZLAST are summarized by the ontology-based environmental distribution of similar sequences. PZLAST can be used to predict the function of sequences and mine for homologs of functionally important gene sequences.

Availability and implementation
PZLAST is freely accessible at https://pzlast.riken.jp/meta without requiring registration.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Professional Identity and Turnover Intention amongst Chinese Social Workers: Roles of Job Burnout and a Social Work Degree
Authors: Hu Hongwei , Wang Enjian , Si Jiacheng , Sui Xudong , Yi Zhiqi , Zheng Ziye , Liu Hongting 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The turnover rate of social workers is extremely high and the predictive roles of professional identity and job burnout on turnover intention have not been explored in China. The study examined the relationship between professional identity and turnover intention, mediated by job burnout and moderated by a social work degree, amongst social workers in China. Based on a sample of 829 participants and the structural equation model method, the findings confirmed that professional identity per se was not related to turnover intention, and a mediating role of job burnout and a moderating role of a social work degree were identified.