bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEP1-40-overexpressing Neural Stem Cells Enhance Axon Regeneration
by Inhibiting Nogo-A/NgR1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Bi , Wang Dalin , Li Xusheng , Yang Shengsen , Yuan Haifeng 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Nogo-66 antagonistic peptide (NEP1-40) offers the potential to improve
spinal cord injury (SCI).

Objective:
To explore the effect of NEP1-40 overexpression on neural stem cells (NSCs) regulating
the axon regeneration of injured neurons.

Methods:
We isolated NSCs from brain tissues of pregnant rat fetuses and used Nestin immunofluorescence
to identify them. The NEP1-40 overexpressing NSCs were constructed by transfection
with the NEP1-40-overexpressing vector. The expression of NSCs differentiation associated markers,
including Tuj-1, GFAP, Oligo2, and MBP, were detected by RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence.
NeuN immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the number of neurons.
And western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation levels of LIMK1/2, cofilin, and
MLC-2 and the protein levels of GAP-43, MAP-2, and APP.

Results:
The NEP1-40 overexpression promoted the expression level of Tuj-1, Oligo2, and MBP,
and increased the number of Tuj-1, Oligo2, and MBP positive cells. NEP1-40-overexpressing
NSCs (NEP-NSCs) improved NeuN positive cells of co-culture with injured neurons. And NEP-NSCs
also increased the protein levels of axon regeneration indicators (GAP-43, MAP-2) and decreased
APP protein level. In addition, the phosphorylation level of LIMK1/2, cofilin, and MLC-2
were markedly decreased in NEP-NSCs.

Conclusion:
NEP1-40 overexpression enhanced the ability of NSCs differentiation into neurons
and promoted axon regeneration by inhibiting the Nogo-A/NgR1 signaling pathway. This study
provides an alternative gene modified transplantation NSCs for the SCI treatment.
Antioxidant Enzymes and Weight Gain in Drug-naive First-episode Schizophrenia
Patients Treated with Risperidone for 12 Weeks: A Prospective
Longitudinal Study
Authors: Liu Haixia , Yu Rui , Gao Yanan , Li Xirong , Guan Xiaoni , Thomas Kosten , Xiu Meihong , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: September 2021

:
Oxidative stress plays an important role in weight gain induced by antipsychotics in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, little is known about how antioxidant enzymes are involved in weight gain caused by risperidone monotherapy in antipsychotics-naïve first-episode (ANFE) patients with SCZ. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of risperidone on several antioxidant enzymes in patients with ANFE SCZ and the relationship between weight gain and changes in antioxidant enzyme activities. The activities of plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 225 ANFE patients and 125 healthy controls. Patients were treated with risperidone monotherapy for 12 weeks. Clinical symptoms, antioxidant enzyme activities and MDA levels were measured at baseline and during follow-up.
Compared with healthy controls, the patients showed higher activities of SOD and CAT, but lower MDA levels and GPx activity. At baseline, the CAT activity was associated with bodyweight or BMI. Further, based on a 7% weight increase from baseline to follow-up, we found 75 patients in the weight gain (WG) group and 150 patients in the non-WG group. Comparison between WG group and non-WG group at baseline and during the 12-week follow-up, it was found that after treatment, the SOD activity in the WG group increased while the MDA level decreased in non-WG group. Moreover, baseline SOD and GPx activities were predictors of weight gain at 12-week follow-up. These results suggest that the antioxidant defense system may have predictive value for the weight gain of ANFE SCZ patients after risperidone treatment.
A Review on the Role of Transition Metals in Selenylation Reactions
Authors: Morajkar Rasmi V. , Fatrekar Adarsh P. , Mohanty Abhijeet , Vernekar Amit A. 
Published: September 2021

:
Organoselenium chemistry has emerged as a distinctive area of research with tremen-dous utility in the synthesis of biologically and pharmaceutically active molecules. Significant syn-thetic approaches have been made for the construction of C-Se bonds, which are useful in other or-ganic transformations. This review focuses on the versatility of transition metal-mediated selenyla-tion reactions, providing insights into various synthetic pathways and mechanistic details. Fur-thermore, this review aims to offer a broad perspective for designing efficient and novel catalysts to incorporate organoselenium moiety into the inert C-H bonds.
A Systematic Review on Synthetic and Antimicrobial Bioactivity of the
Multifaceted Hydrazide Derivatives
Authors: Ansari Afrin , Tauro Savita , Asirvatham Sahaya 
Published: September 2021

:
To overcome the upsurge of antimicrobial resistance that has emerged in recent years,
there is a need for the development of newer hits having satisfying anti-infective activity. Hydrazides
incorporated with an azomethine hydrogen account for a cardinal class of molecules for the
development of newer derivatives. Hydrazide derivatives have gained considerable interest of medicinal
chemists owing to their diverse bioactivity. In the present review, we have attempted to
compile the recent trends in the synthesis of hydrazides and their substituted derivatives. The structural
features that lead to the desired antimicrobial activity are highlighted, which will lead the way
for synthetic and medicinal chemists to focus on newer designs in this arena.
Controlled Alignment of Nanowires for Transparent Conductive Films:
Methods and Applications
Authors: Li Ruo-Zhou , Yan Jing , Fang Yuming , Li Zheng , Yu Ying 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Nanowires (NWs) have received extensive attention as the candidate materials
for transparent conductive films (TCFs) in recent years. To date, the aligned nanowire (NW)-
based TCFs with the same arrangement direction have shown superior characteristics to their random
counterparts in applications.

Objective:
To fully develop the potential of NW TCFs in devices and provide inspiration for the
development of subsequent NW alignment processes, this review summarizes state-of-the-art alignment
techniques and emphasizes their mechanisms in detail from multiple perspectives.

Methods:
According to the mechanism of NW alignment, this review divides these techniques into
seven categories, i.e., the assisted assembly of fluid flow, meniscus, pressure, template, electromagnetic
field, contact and strain, and analyzes the characteristics of these techniques. Moreover, by
briefly enumerating the applications of aligned NW films in solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes,
and touch screens, the superiority of aligned NW films over random NW films is also addressed.

Results:
Contact-assisted assembly exhibits the best arrangement effect, reaching a 98.6% alignment
degree within ±1°. Under the same conditions, shorter NWs show better alignment in several cases.
The combination of various assembly techniques is also an effective means to improve the alignment
effect.

Conclusion:
There is still room for improvement in the precise control of NW position, density, and
orientation in a simple, efficient and compatible process. Therefore, follow-up research work is
needed to conquer these problems. Moreover, a process that can realize NWs’ alignment and film
patterning simultaneously is also a desirable scheme for fabricating personalized devices.
Inflammation in Asthma Pathogenesis: Role of T Cells, Macrophages,
Epithelial Cells and Type 2 Inflammation
Authors: Alobaidi Amina Hamed , Alsamarai Abdulghani Mohamed , Alsamarai Mohamed Almoustafa 
Published: September 2021

:
Asthma is a chronic disease with abnormal inflammatory and immunological responses.
The disease initiates by antigens in subjects with genetic susceptibility. However, environmental
factors play a role in the initiation and exacerbation of asthma attack. Asthma is a T-helper 2
(Th2)-cell-mediated disease. Recent studies indicate that asthma is not a single disease entity, but it
occurs with multiple phenotypes and endotypes. The pathophysiological changes in asthma include
a series of continuous vicious circles of cellular activation contributing to the induction of
chemokines and cytokines that potentiate inflammation. The heterogeneity of asthma influences
the treatment response. The asthma pathogenesis is driven by varied sets of cells, such as
eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, macrophages, epithelial cells, and T cells. Macrophages induce
a set of mediators that are involved in asthma pathogenesis and include MIF, Prostaglandin, CXCR3L,
IL-12, IL-1ß, TSLP, IL-18, IL-33, LTC4, MMP-2, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-10, TGF-ß and IL-27.
While, T-cells mediators effect in asthma is induced via TNF-α, IL-17, IL-10, TGF-ß, IL-27, Tim,
GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, INF- γ, and PPAR γ. However, the epithelial cells induced mediators
potentiate proinflammatory effects, increase the number of Th2 cells, activate dendritic cells, increase
the number of mast cells, and recruit eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, T-cells, monocytes
and dendritic cells. In this review, the role of T cells, macrophages, and epithelial cells is discussed.
Phytotherapeutics against Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanism, Molecular Targets and Challenges for Drug Development
Authors: Gayathri S. , Raghu Chandrashekar H. , Fayaz S.M. 
Published: September 2021

:Alzheimer’s disease is inflating worldwide and is combatted by only a few approved drugs. At best, these drugs treat symptomatic conditions by targeting cholinesterase and N-methyl- D-aspartate receptors. Most of the clinical trials in progress are focused on developing disease-modifying agents that aim at single targets. The ‘one drug-one target’ approach is failing in the case of Alzheimer’s disease due to its labyrinth etiopathogenesis. Traditional medicinal systems like Ayurveda use a holistic approach encompassing the legion of medicinal plants exhibiting multimodal activity. Recent advances in high-throughput technologies have catapulted the research in the arena of Ayurveda, specifically in identifying plants with potent anti-Alzheimer’s disease properties and their phytochemical characterization. Nonetheless, clinical trials of very few herbal medicines are in progress. This review is a compendium of Indian plants and ayurvedic medicines against Alzheimer’s disease and their paraphernalia. A record of 230 plants that are found in India with anti-Alzheimer’s disease potential and about 500 phytochemicals from medicinal plants have been solicited with the hope of exploring the unexplored. Further, the molecular targets of phytochemicals isolated from commonly used medicinal plants, such as Acorus calamus, Bacopa monnieri, Convolvulus pluricaulis, Tinospora cordifolia and Withania somnifera, have been reviewed with respect to their multidimensional property, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-aggregation, synaptic plasticity modulation, cognition, and memory-enhancing activity. In addition, the strengths and challenges in ayurvedic medicine that limit its use as mainstream therapy are discussed, and a framework for the development of herbal medicine has been proposed.
The Mediating Role of Transportation Practices during the COVID-19 Crisis in Thailand
Authors: Aunyawong Wissawa , Wararatchai Preecha , Shaharudin Mohd R. , Hirunpat Anchalee , Rodpangwan Sittiporn 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the influence of organisational driving forces on transportation practices during the COVID-19 crisis and the effect on the sustainability supply chain performance of Thailand’s logistics service providers.

Methods:
The study used the explanatory-sequential mixed-method research design technique. The sample included 250 logistics service providers in Thailand. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample. A focus group discussion was conducted with three logistics experts and seven logistics service provider’s top executives, totalling ten key informants. The data gathered was analysed using structural equation modelling to perform a confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis.

Results:
The results found that organisational driving forces and transportation practices during the COVID-19 crisis have typically affected sustainability supply chain performance. In addition, the mediation effects of transportation practices during the COVID-19 crisis have unveiled partial mediation in the presence of a direct effect. The qualitative study was found to be consistent with the quantitative method findings from the logistics industry-specific contexts.

Conclusion:
Overall, the results provide support for the contention of the contingency theory. Thailand logistics service providers can use the results to plan the supply chain management works, outline the strategy of the organisation, and develop the business to be more competitive.
Toward Data-Driven Radiation Oncology Using Standardized Terminology as a Starting Point: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Cihoric Nikola , Badra Eugenia Vlaskou , Stenger-Weisser Anna , Aebersold Daniel M , Pavic Matea 
Published: September 2021

Background
The inability to seamlessly exchange information across radiation therapy ecosystems is a limiting factor in the pursuit of data-driven clinical practice. The implementation of semantic interoperability is a prerequisite for achieving the full capacity of the latest developments in personalized and precision medicine, such as mathematical modeling, advanced algorithmic information processing, and artificial intelligence approaches.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the state of terminology resources (TRs) dedicated to radiation oncology as a prerequisite for an oncology semantic ecosystem. The goal of this cross-sectional analysis is to quantify the state of the art in radiation therapy specific terminology.

Methods
The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) was searched for the following terms: radio oncology, radiation oncology, radiation therapy, and radiotherapy. We extracted 6509 unique concepts for further analysis. We conducted a quantitative analysis of available source vocabularies (SVs) and analyzed all UMLS SVs according to the route source, number, author, location of authors, license type, the lexical density of TR, and semantic types. Descriptive data are presented as numbers and percentages.

Results
The concepts were distributed across 35 SVs. The median number of unique concepts per SV was 5 (range 1-5479), with 14% (5/35) of SVs containing 94.59% (6157/6509) of the concepts. The SVs were created by 29 authors, predominantly legal entities registered in the United States (25/35, 71%), followed by international organizations (6/35, 17%), legal entities registered in Australia (2/35, 6%), and the Netherlands and the United Kingdom with 3% (1/35) of authors each. Of the total 35 SVs, 16 (46%) did not have any restrictions on use, whereas for 19 (54%) of SVs, some level of restriction was required. Overall, 57% (20/35) of SVs were updated within the last 5 years. All concepts found within radiation therapy SVs were labeled with one of the 29 semantic types represented within UMLS. After removing the stop words, the total number of words for all SVs together was 56,219, with a median of 25 unique words per SV (range 3-50,682). The total number of unique words in all SVs was 1048, with a median of 19 unique words per vocabulary (range 3-406). The lexical density for all concepts within all SVs was 0 (0.02 rounded to 2 decimals). Median lexical density per unique SV was 0.7 (range 0.0-1.0). There were no dedicated radiation therapy SVs.

Conclusions
We did not identify any dedicated TRs for radiation oncology. Current terminologies are not sufficient to cover the need of modern radiation oncology practice and research. To achieve a sufficient level of interoperability, of the creation of a new, standardized, universally accepted TR dedicated to modern radiation therapy is required.
Integration of Web Analytics Into Graduate Medical Education: Usability Study
Authors: Massanelli Jackson , Sexton Kevin W , Lesher Chris T , Jensen Hanna K , Kimbrough Mary K , Privratsky Anna , Taylor John R , Bhavaraju Avi 
Published: September 2021

Background
Web analytics is the measurement, collection, analysis, and reporting of website and web application usage data. While common in the e-commerce arena, web analytics is underutilized in graduate medical education (GME).

Objective
The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Department of Surgery website was revamped with input from in-house surgeons in August 2017. This study investigated the use of web analytics to gauge the impact of our department’s website redesign project.

Methods
Google Analytics software was used to measure website performance before and after implementation of the new website. Eight-month matched periods were compared. Factors tracked included total users, new users, total sessions, sessions per user, pages per session, average session duration, total page views, and bounce rate (the percentage of visitors who visit a site and then leave [ie, bounce] without continuing to another page on the same site).

Results
Analysis using a nonpaired Student t test demonstrated a statistically significant increase for total page views (before vs after: 33,065 vs 81,852; P<.001) and decrease for bounce rate (before vs after: 50.70% vs 0.23%; P<.001). Total users, new users, total sessions, sessions per user, and pages per session showed improvement. The average session duration was unchanged. Subgroup analysis showed that after the main page, the next 3 most frequently visited pages were related to GME programs in our department.

Conclusions
Web analytics is a practical measure of a website’s efficacy. Our data suggest that a modern website significantly improves user engagement. An up-to-date website is essential for contemporary GME recruitment, will likely enhance engagement of residency applicants with GME programs, and warrants further investigation.
Assessing the Views of Professionals, Patients, and Care Partners Concerning the Use of Computer Tools in Memory Clinics: International Survey Study
Authors: van Gils Aniek M , Visser Leonie NC , Hendriksen Heleen MA , Georges Jean , Muller Majon , Bouwman Femke H , van der Flier Wiesje M , Rhodius-Meester Hanneke FM 
Published: September 2021

Background
Computer tools based on artificial intelligence could aid clinicians in memory clinics in several ways, such as by supporting diagnostic decision-making, web-based cognitive testing, and the communication of diagnosis and prognosis.

Objective
This study aims to identify the preferences as well as the main barriers and facilitators related to using computer tools in memory clinics for all end users, that is, clinicians, patients, and care partners.

Methods
Between July and October 2020, we sent out invitations to a web-based survey to clinicians using the European Alzheimer’s Disease Centers network and the Dutch Memory Clinic network, and 109 clinicians participated (mean age 45 years, SD 10; 53/109, 48.6% female). A second survey was created for patients and care partners. They were invited via Alzheimer Europe, Alzheimer’s Society United Kingdom, Amsterdam Dementia Cohort, and Amsterdam Aging Cohort. A total of 50 patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia (mean age 73 years, SD 8; 17/34, 34% female) and 46 care partners (mean age 65 years, SD 12; 25/54, 54% female) participated in this survey.

Results
Most clinicians reported a willingness to use diagnostic (88/109, 80.7%) and prognostic (83/109, 76.1%) computer tools. User-friendliness (71/109, 65.1%); Likert scale mean 4.5, SD 0.7), and increasing diagnostic accuracy (76/109, 69.7%; mean 4.3, SD 0.7) were reported as the main factors stimulating the adoption of a tool. Tools should also save time and provide clear information on reliability and validity. Inadequate integration with electronic patient records (46/109, 42.2%; mean 3.8, SD 1.0) and fear of losing important clinical information (48/109, 44%; mean 3.7, SD 1.2) were most frequently indicated as barriers. Patients and care partners were equally positive about the use of computer tools by clinicians, both for diagnosis (69/96, 72%) and prognosis (73/96, 76%). In addition, most of them thought favorably regarding the possibility of using the tools themselves.

Conclusions
This study showed that computer tools in memory clinics are positively valued by most end users. For further development and implementation, it is essential to overcome the technical and practical barriers of a tool while paying utmost attention to its reliability and validity.
Effectiveness of Telehealth Interventions for Women With Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Liuhong , Chen Jingfen , Lan Liuying , Deng Ni , Liao Yan , Yue Liqun , Chen Innie , Wen Shi Wu , Xie Ri-hua 
Published: September 2021

Background
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent mental health problem with serious adverse consequences for affected women and their infants. Clinical trials have found that telehealth interventions for women with PPD result in increased accessibility and improved treatment effectiveness. However, no comprehensive synthesis of evidence from clinical trials by systematic review has been conducted.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in reducing depressive symptoms and anxiety in women with PPD. To enhance the homogeneity and interpretability of the findings, this systematic review focuses on PPD measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).

Methods
PubMed, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, CNKI, and Wanfang were electronically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of telehealth interventions for women with PPD from inception to February 28, 2021. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results
Following the search, 9 RCTs with a total of 1958 women with PPD were included. The EPDS (mean difference=–2.99, 95% CI –4.52 to –1.46; P<.001) and anxiety (standardized mean difference=–0.39, 95% CI –0.67 to –0.12; P=.005) scores were significantly lower in the telehealth group compared with the control group. Significant subgroup differences were found in depressive symptoms according to the severity of PPD, telehealth technology, specific therapy, and follow-up time (P<.001).

Conclusions
Telehealth interventions could effectively reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety in women with PPD. However, better designed and more rigorous large-scale RCTs targeting specific therapies are needed to further explore the potential of telehealth interventions for PPD.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021258541; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=258541