bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Expression of a SNARE-Cleaving Protease in Peripheral Sensory Neurons Attenuates Pain-Related Gene Transcription and Neuropeptide Release
Authors: Wang Wanzhi , Kong Miaomiao , Dou Yu , Xue Shanghai , Liu Yang , Zhang Yinghao , Chen Weiwei , Li Yanqing , Dai Xiaolong , Meng Jianghui , Wang Jiafu 
Published: August 2021

Chronic pain is a leading health and socioeconomic problem and an unmet need exists for long-lasting analgesics. SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) are required for neuropeptide release and noxious signal transducer surface trafficking, thus, selective expression of the SNARE-cleaving light-chain protease of botulinum neurotoxin A (LCA) in peripheral sensory neurons could alleviate chronic pain. However, a safety concern to this approach is the lack of a sensory neuronal promoter to prevent the expression of LCA in the central nervous system. Towards this, we exploit the unique characteristics of Pirt (phosphoinositide-interacting regulator of TRP), which is expressed in peripheral nociceptive neurons. For the first time, we identified a Pirt promoter element and cloned it into a lentiviral vector driving transgene expression selectively in peripheral sensory neurons. Pirt promoter driven-LCA expression yielded rapid and concentration-dependent cleavage of SNAP-25 in cultured sensory neurons. Moreover, the transcripts of pain-related genes (TAC1, tachykinin precursor 1; CALCB, calcitonin gene-related peptide 2; HTR3A, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A; NPY2R, neuropeptide Y receptor Y2; GPR52, G protein-coupled receptor 52; SCN9A, sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9; TRPV1 and TRPA1, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 and subfamily A member 1) in pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulated sensory neurons were downregulated by viral mediated expression of LCA. Furthermore, viral expression of LCA yielded long-lasting inhibition of pain mediator release. Thus, we show that the engineered Pirt-LCA virus may provide a novel means for long lasting pain relief.
Transcriptomics of Improved Fruit Retention by Hexanal in ‘Honeycrisp’ Reveals Hormonal Crosstalk and Reduced Cell Wall Degradation in the Fruit Abscission Zone
Authors: Sriskantharajah Karthika , El Kayal Walid , Torkamaneh Davoud , Ayyanath Murali M. , Saxena Praveen K. , Sullivan Alan J. , Paliyath Gopinadhan , Subramanian Jayasankar 
Published: August 2021

Apples (Malus domestica Borkh) are prone to preharvest fruit drop, which is more pronounced in ‘Honeycrisp’. Hexanal is known to improve fruit retention in several economically important crops. The effects of hexanal on the fruit retention of ‘Honeycrisp’ apples were assessed using physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic approaches. Fruit retention and fruit firmness were significantly improved by hexanal, while sugars and fresh weight did not show a significant change in response to hexanal treatment. At commercial maturity, abscisic acid and melatonin levels were significantly lower in the treated fruit abscission zone (FAZ) compared to control. At this stage, a total of 726 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between treated and control FAZ. Functional classification of the DEGs showed that hexanal downregulated ethylene biosynthesis genes, such as S-adenosylmethionine synthase (SAM2) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidases (ACO3, ACO4, and ACO4-like), while it upregulated the receptor genes ETR2 and ERS1. Genes related to ABA biosynthesis (FDPS and CLE25) were also downregulated. On the contrary, key genes involved in gibberellic acid biosynthesis (GA20OX-like and KO) were upregulated. Further, hexanal downregulated the expression of genes related to cell wall degrading enzymes, such as polygalacturonase (PG1), glucanases (endo-β-1,4-glucanase), and expansins (EXPA1-like, EXPA6, EXPA8, EXPA10-like, EXPA16-like). Our findings reveal that hexanal reduced the sensitivity of FAZ cells to ethylene and ABA. Simultaneously, hexanal maintained the cell wall integrity of FAZ cells by regulating genes involved in cell wall modifications. Thus, delayed fruit abscission by hexanal is most likely achieved by minimizing ABA through an ethylene-dependent mechanism.
Diversity of Bacillus Isolates from the Sake Brewing Process at a Sake Brewery
Authors: Kanamoto Emi , Terashima Keigo , Shiraki Yoshiji , Nishida Hiromi 
Published: August 2021

We collected 92 isolates belonging to the genus Bacillus from the sake brewing process at Shiraki Tsunesuke Sake Brewery in Gifu, Japan to determine whether there is strain specificity at individual sake breweries. After distributing the isolates into seven groups, we observed that at least two groups (68 isolates) were kuratsuki bacteria at Shiraki Tsunesuke Sake Brewery. The kuratsuki Bacillus isolates were collected from different samples at the early and late stages of sake brewing in 2021 and 2019, respectively. These results showed that kuratsuki Bacillus entered the sake brewing process at this location. These kuratsuki Bacillus isolates had a high ethanol tolerance. Our previous paper showed the existence of kuratsuki Kocuria at Narimasa Sake Brewery in Toyama, Japan, but this study demonstrated that it is not found at Shiraki Tsunesuke Sake Brewery. Therefore, each sake brewery has specific kuratsuki bacterial strains, which are isolated with high frequency and contribute a specific flavor or taste to each sake brewery.
Long-term nitrofurantoin: an analysis of complication awareness, monitoring, and pulmonary injury cases
Authors: Speirs Toby Peter , Tuffin Nicole , Mundy-Baird Finlay , Sakota Helena , Mulholland Sarah , Westlake Michelle , Lyon Max , Medford Andrew R , Sharp Charles , Darby Michael , Albur Mahableshwar , Keeley Francis , Burden Helena , Kenward Charlie , Jonas Elizabeth , Barratt Shaney , Adamali Huzaifa I 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundLong-term nitrofurantoin (NF) treatment can result in pulmonary and hepatic injury. Current guidelines do not outline the type or frequency of monitoring required for detection of these injuries.AimTo assess 1) awareness of NF complications among prescribers; 2) monitoring practice; and 3) to describe the pulmonary sequelae of NF-related complications.Design & settingEvaluation of prescribing habits by questionnaires and review of GP databases, and case-note review in secondary care.MethodThe following study procedures were undertaken: 1) an electronic questionnaire was distributed to prescribers, interrogating prescribing and monitoring practices, and awareness of complications; 2) an analysis was undertaken (June–July 2020) of NF monitoring among GPs in the local clinical commissioning group (CCG); and 3) a case review was carried out of patients diagnosed with NF-induced interstitial lung disease (NFILD) at the interstitial lung disease (ILD) centre (2014–2020).ResultsA total of 125 prescribers of long-term NF responded to the questionnaire (82.4% GPs; 12.0% urologists). Many were unaware of the potential for liver (42.4%) and lung (28.0%) complications; 40.8% and 52.8% never monitored for these, respectively. Only 53.3% of urologists believed themselves responsible for arranging monitoring, while nearly all GPs believed this to be the prescriber’s responsibility (94.2%). One-third of all responders considered current British National Formulary (BNF) guidelines 'not at all sufficient/clear', with mean clarity scoring of 2.2/5. Among patients with NFILD (n = 46), NF had been prescribed most often (69.6%) for treatment of recurrent UTI and 58.6% (n = 27) were prescribed for >6 months. On withdrawal of the medication 61.4% displayed resolution (completely or minimal fibrosis), while 15.9% of patients had progressive lung fibrosis.ConclusionNF can cause marked or irreversible lung complications and there is currently a shortfall in awareness and monitoring. Existing monitoring guidelines should be augmented.
Aplicación del sistema del conocimiento a través de herramientas tecnopedagógicas en Cañar durante el COVID-19
Authors: Concha-Maquisaca Jéssica Alexandra , Álvarez-Lozano María Isabel 
Published: August 2021

El objetivo fue identificar cuáles fueron los retos de docentes de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe en Cañar con la aplicación metodológica del sistema del conocimiento frente a la emergencia sanitaria COVID-19 para proponer herramientas tecnopedagógicas a la continuidad del proceso de enseñanza sincrónico o asincrónico. En la metodología se empleó un análisis descriptivo no experimental, de corte trasversal recolectando los datos con una escala de Likert y sus resultados expresados mediante estadística descriptiva. Las estrategias educativas planteadas por los docentes de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe, busca responder a las políticas educativas curriculares que logren integrar la visiones y dinámicas de una cultura, para lo cual, es necesario identificar una herramienta pedagógica que prescinda de conexión permanente para estudiantes que no tienen acceso continuo a internet y que se adapte a la metodología, Modelo del Sistema de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe [MOSEIB].
Microsoft Teams y retos docentes en Básica General en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: García-Quimis Byron Antonio , Ochoa-Encalada Sergio Constantino 
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar de qué manera docentes de Educación Básica, utilizaron la plataforma Microsoft Teams, los retos en el uso de esta herramienta tecnológica. Metodológicamente de tipo descriptiva. En consecuencia, la problemática provocada por la pandemia del COVID-19, la cual ocasionó un cambio de la educación presencial al aprendizaje de manera virtual, cabe indicar que los resultados reflejaron que los profesores no fueron capacitados oportunamente para continuar en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, por tal motivo, se evidenció que los educadores de básica general, necesitan capacitarse en el uso de esta plataforma digital educativa para continuar impartiendo sus clases.
Recursos audiovisuales para la enseñanza de lectoescritura
Authors: Feicán-Zumba Tania Valeria , García-Herrera Darwin Gabriel , Erazo-Álvarez Cristián Andrés 
Published: August 2021

La pandemia y el aumento del uso de la tecnología ha obligado a los docentes a emplear diferentes estrategias didácticas para mejorar la enseñanza. Por tal motivo los recursos digitales deben ser creativos, motivadores y de calidad que permitan el pensamiento crítico y reflexivo en el aprendizaje. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar cuál es la influencia del uso de recursos audiovisuales para mejorar la lectoescritura en niños de segundo grado de la Unidad Educativa Santa Mariana de Jesús. De tipo descriptiva. La simple utilización de una computadora o celular no es suficiente en la educación si el docente no prepara las herramientas necesarias para crear el interes y captar la atención de los estudiantes. Por ello es imprensindible que los docentes utilicen al menos una herramienta digital en el proceso de aprendizaje.
Оптимизация рецептуры мороженого методом симплекс-решетчатого планирования
Authors: Демина Екатерина Николаевна , Березина Наталья Александровна , Казаков Андрей Владимирович 
Published: August 2021

Мороженое является продуктом с многокомпонентным составом, технология его производства позволяет использовать разнообразные виды сырья – молочные компоненты, плодоовощные наполнители, стабилизаторы-эмульгаторы, вкусоароматические вещества и др. Создание рецептуры обогащенного мороженого с использованием традиционных математических методов является сложной задачей. Перспективным направлением служит использование компьютерных средств метаматематического моделирования, в частности метода симплекс-решетчатого планирования. В настоящей работе представлены исследования по оптимизации рецептуры мороженого с использованием белковых обогатителей – амарантового жмыха и сывороточного белка. На первом этапе работы было проведено симплекс-решетчатое планирование эксперимента, в соответствии с которым вырабатывали модельные композиции с различным сочетанием молочных ингредиентов и белкового обогатителя. Определение органолептических показателей качества выработанных образцов и взбитости модельных композиций осуществлялось на втором этапе. Полученные результаты послужили основой для построения математических зависимостей исследуемых параметров на третьем этапе работы. По результатам обработки графиков «состав-свойство» для органолептической оценки и физико-химических показателей и оптимизации с помощью Excel найдены оптимальные соотношения молока сухого, молока сгущенного, амарантового жмыха и белковой добавки в смеси для мороженого. Для мороженого с амарантовым жмыхом содержание молока сухого составило 4,4 %, молока сгущенного 9,5 %, белковой добавки – 1,5 % к общей массе смеси. Смесь для мороженого обогащенного сывороточным белком включала 8,7 % сухого молока, 5,1 % сгущенного молока 1,3 % белковой добавки. На четвертом этапе проведена комплексная оценка качества готовых продуктов, которая свидетельствует о том, что полученное мороженое характеризуется хорошими органолептическими показателями, имеет высокую взбитость и полноценный состав основных пищевых компонентов. Мороженое, обогащенное сывороточным белком и амарантовым жмыхом, обладает высокими показателями биологической ценности - 61,92 % и 58,56 % соответственно, по сравнению с контрольным образцом. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что оптимизация рецептуры мороженого с применением компьютерного моделирования позволяет получить готовый продукт стандартного качества. Симплекс-решетчатое планирование способствует проведению большого объема вычислений за короткий промежуток времени и получению рецептурной смеси с использованием различных сырьевых компонентов для обогащения традиционных молочных продуктов.
Перспективы применения растений рода Psoralea в медицине, фармации и в качестве сельхозсырья
Authors: Степанова Элеонора Федоровна , Ярковой Максим Андреевич , Петров Александр Юрьевич , Струсовская Ольга Геннадьевна 
Published: August 2021

Обзорная статья включает литературные сведения за последние десять лет о растениях рода Psoralea, семейства бобовые (Fabaceae (Liguminosae)), которое насчитывает около 500 родов, входит в число крупнейших семейств цветковых растений и занимает третье место после Orchidaceae и Asteraceae. В настоящее время род Psoralea включает по разным сведениям от 105 до 130 видов. Несмотря на то, что некоторые виды ядовиты, растения рода Psoralea можно использовать в качестве пищевого продукта. Пищевой потенциал заключается, в основном, в значительном содержании в корнях некоторых видов растений крахмала (более 70%). Измельченные корни применяют для выпечки хлеба, кондитерских изделий, приготовления супов и каш. Из листьев и молодых побегов готовят прохладительные тонизирующие напитки или используют как заменитель чая. Из корней и стеблей некоторых видов получают прочное волокно, из семян –ароматное масло. Антибактериальные свойства экстрактов растений семейства позволяют их применение в качестве консервантов, а жмых, богатый азотом и минералами, используют в качестве корма для скота или в качестве удобрений.В настоящее время в растениях рода Psoralea обнаружено более 291 химических соединений. Экстрактивные соединения псоралеи обладают антимикробной, эстрогенной, противоопухолевой, антиоксидантной, противомикробной, антидепрессантной, противовоспалительной, остеобластной и гепатопротекторной активностью. Применение различных частей растения эффективно в терапии астмы, экземы, диареи, при импотенции, нарушении менструального цикла и маточных кровотечениях. Исторически сложившееся, и считающееся основным, является фотосенсибилизирующее действие биологически активных соединений растений рода Psoralea, которое используют в терапии псориаза, лейкодермы, аллопеции и лепры. Культивирование растений рода Psoralea затруднено неудовлетворительной всхожестью семян и высокой смертностью проростков. Альтернативным способом, позволяющим избежать перечисленных проблем, сохранить исчезающие растения рода, может стать биотехнологический метод, позволяющий не только решить задачу ускоренного производства высококачественного посадочного материала сельскохозяйственных, лесных и декоративных культур, но и проблему получения биологически активных веществ растительного происхождения для современной медицины и фармации.
Assessment of antimitotic and programmed cell death stimulation potentials of Galium sinaicum (Delile ex Decne) Boiss. at cellular level
Authors: Sobieh Dr/ Shaimaa Selmi 
Published: August 2021

Galium sinaicum is a wild medicinal plant in saint Catherine, Egypt. To distinguish apoptotic effect of G. sinaicum ethanol extract (GsEE), we examined the role of GsEE in inducing programmed cell death (PCD) of Allium cepa root meristematic cell (AcR). Cells was subjected to GsEE in definite concentrations (0.1,0.3, 0.5%) and duration (6, 12h), then PCD induction was assessed. Application of GsEE arrested the mitotic division of AcR with metaphase accumulation. Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated ultrastructural alterations of organelles verifying PCD hallmarks. Protein electrophoresis analysis of AcR revealed a change in protein profile of Allium cepa root, also quantitative analysis showed significant increase in nuclease activity enzymes that stimulated DNA laddering fragmentation. Additionally, cell proliferation of MCF-7 and BHK21 was arrested by GsEE. Apoptotic effect of G. sinaicum may be attributed to the presence of potent phenolic compounds such as querectin and rutin as established by HPLC phenolic fingerprint analysis.
EFL Teacher's Perception on Reading Strategies Taught in High Schools
Authors: Fitri Dian Indrianis , Ginting Daniel 
Published: August 2021

While reading activity is a complex phenomenon, recent research on reading strategies has not provided comprehensive explanation of the role and perceptions of teachers regarding appropriate reading strategies helping students with learning difficulties. This paper is aimed to provide a sketch of the teacher's views and strategies to facilitate students with appropriate reading strategies. EFL teachers have different kinds of reading strategies applied in the classrooms. This study has found that three groups of teachers teaching in excellent accredited public schools, good accredited public school and very good Islamic private school use various strategies during the teaching of reading. Teachers' perceptions on the teaching of reading strategies are closely related to their readiness with knowledge about reading strategies, students' reading problems and their belief. This study suggests that EFL teachers and future researchers need to continuously investigate effective teaching of reading skill in relation to students' reading strategies.
Comparative Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Two Cultivars of Catharanthus roseus L. {G.} Don on Escherichia coli and Candida albicans
Authors: Musyimi David Mutisya , Namnabah Marble Namarobe 
Published: August 2021

Medicinal plants have served as sources of medicine to treat and suppress the diseases, because many pathogens are gaining resistance to the current synthetic drugs. In addition, high cost and adverse side effects are commonly associated with popular Synthetic drugs. Therefore, there is need for continuous search for new drugs in order to overcome this emerging resistance. Plants synthesize bioactive compounds which are of great potential in agriculture, antimicrobial and anti-insect activity. The concentration of bioactive compounds in each plant species depends on the environmental conditions, age of the plant, relative humidity of harvested materials and method of extraction. Little is known on the phytochemical and antimicrobial potential of Alba and Rosea cultivars of Catharanthus roseus ethanol extracts. The leaves of Alba and Rosea cultivars were investigated for their phytochemical and antimicrobial properties. The study was conducted at Maseno University, Kenya. Plant Leaves were collected around Maseno University. Leaves of Alba and Rosea cultivars of Catharanthus roseus were air-dried in the shade, thereafter crushed into powder and ethanol extraction done using the Rotary evaporator. Antimicrobial activity of the pathogenic microorganisms was Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. Disc diffusion method was used for antimicrobial tests. concentrations of ethanol leaf extracts consisted of 2.5, 5and 7.5 mg/mL with three replications. Data on growth inhibition were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) . Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids and phenols except steroids and glycosides. The ethanol leaf extracts were active against Candida albicans and and Escherichia coli. Alba leaves extracts showed higher inhibitory zones compared to Rosea leaves. The observed differences in antimicrobial activity could be due to differences in cell wall synthesis, structure and composition. The results of present study further confirm the use of these plants traditionally for the treatment of different ailments.
Iron(II) reactions with glycine – suitable biomineralization model?
Authors: Mitaľová Katarína , Valigura Dušan 
Published: August 2021

The reactions of Mohr’s salt with amino acid glycine in aqueous solution and aerobic conditions were studied and obtained samples consist of different compounds. The obtained products were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and the iron determination also and exhibited very low organic matter content – the sum of N, C, H and S content less than 20 % and Fe content around 40 %. Prepared samples consist of iron(II) amino acid complex [Fe(glyH)(SO4)]n, known as iron food supplement (FeGS) as the only sulphur containing compound. Its content varies from 26 % up to 46 %. Ferrous glycinate was obtained in the samples collected initially after the reaction in very low content < 7 %. Iron(III) hydroxy-oxide FeO(OH) was obtained in the range 40 – 65 %. The FeO(OH) content increased with the decreasing FeGS content. Formation of inorganic FeO(OH) suggest the ongoing redox reaction under aerobic condition therefore, it is suggested as a biomineralization reaction model.
Growth and quality parameters of Tea (Camellia sinensis) mediated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Sarkar Animesh , Rahman Md. Musfiqur , Sarkar Jayanto Kumar , Rashid Md H. , Rahman Md. Musfiqur , Sarkar Jayanto Kumar , Alam Mahabub , Rashid Md H. 
Published: August 2021

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation not only increases the growth but also improves the quality of many commercial plants. Tea (Camellia sinensis) plants were grown on different growth medium (with and without AMF inoculation) and the chemical properties of the leaves were assayed and compared. The growth media were sterilized soil with AMF, sterilized soil, natural soil inoculated with AMF, natural soil, and natural soil in natural condition with AMF. The highest root colonization (23 %) was found in tea plants grown on natural soil with AMF, whereas no colonization was found in the sterilized soil treatment. The highest level of leaf chlorophyll-a (2.74±0.06 μg.mL-1), chlorophyll-b (1.77±0.03 μg.mL-1) and carotenoid (0.35±0.01 μg.mL-1) contents were found in tea plants grown on natural soil under natural condition with AMF. The highest polyphenol concentration (64.46 mg.L-1) was found in natural soil inoculated with AMF whereas the lowest (38.09 mg.L-1) was recorded in sterilized soil. The highest contents of tannin (30.34 mg.mL-1) and reducing sugar (46.61 mg.L-1) were recorded in plants grown on natural soil under natural condition with AMF and the lowest values (21.22 mg.mL-1, 33.16 mg.L-1, respectively) in sterilized soil treatment. Though antioxidant properties (% scavenging effect) did not differed due to treatments, the highest IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid) concentration (3.16 μg.mL-1) was recorded in tea plants grown on natural soil under natural condition with AMF. The study concludes that AMF inoculation improves the quality of tea leaves.