bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Productivity of Pangi (Pangium edule Reinw.) and biodiversity of agroforestry systems at various altitudes in Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi
Authors: Millang Syamsuddin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
There are two important things that farmers consider in selecting and developing plant species in their agroforestry system, namely productivity and suitability to the site. This study aims to determine the productivity of the pangi crop and the biodiversity of the agroforestry system at different altitudes. This research was conducted from June to November 2018 at three different altitudes, namely in Lembang Palesan (Rembon District) which represents an altitude of <600 m above sea level, Lembang Turunan (Sangalla District) which represents an altitude of 800-850 m above sea level, and Lembang Gasing (Mengkendek District) which represents an altitude of > 1000 m above sea level. The research method used is a survey method with the placement of sample plots by Purposive Sampling. The sample plot size is 20m x 50m or 0.1 ha. At each different altitude, 10 sample plots were made, so the number of sample plots was 30. The parameters measured were pangi fruit production, tree diameter and height and recorded all plant species in the sample plot. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and descriptively, while agroforestry system plant species diversity was identified using vegetation analysis methods. The results showed that the fruit production of the pangi plant, density, LBDS and diameter of the pangi tree were significantly different at each different altitude and the largest was at an altitude of 800-850 m above sea level, but the number of plant species and the diversity of plant species at each altitude were relatively the same in the medium category, as well as the density of all types of plants, and the average height of pangi trees were not significantly different at each different altitude. Thus, it is not recommended that pangi crop be developed at an altitude above 850 m above sea level.
The development strategy of Trigona sp beekeeping at SMKN 4 Luwu
Authors: Kurnia  , Alam Syamsu , Sadapotto Andi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Forest has various sources that can be utilized and honey is one of the non-timber forest products produced from Trigona sp beekeeping at SMKN 4 Luwu. This research is intended to describe the Trigona sp beekeeping business and identify the internal and external factors as the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges from beekeeping business and so it can be formulated a good strategy to be carried out with using SWOT matrix. The analysis result shown the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity Threats. The alternative strategy that can be applied to develop the beekeeping business based on the analysis result of SWOT which dealing with the government for capital support, deligating the members to participate in beekeeping training, the availability of sustainable feed sources, utilizing the modern technology, using the compelling packaging, implementing the SOP in the packaging process so that the packaging is more hygienic, increasing the production volume, selling with competitive price, marketing the products through technology and keeping the school environment safety by installing the CCTV in the area of beekeeping business.
Evaluation of the village conservation model program in Mount Rinjani National Park using institutional sustainability principles
Authors: Ichsan Andi Chairil , Anwar Hairil , Aji Irwan Mahakam Lesmono , Webliana Kornelia , Febryano Indra Gumay , Waru Tenri 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Conservation Village Model (MDK) is one form of institution since it contains various mechanisms and rules to ensure the operationalization of activities in the field. In this regard, the evaluation process plays a substantial role in ensuring the sustainability of MDK institutions. Thus, studies related to institutional performance are crucial to describe the conditions of MDK implementation in TNGR based on the principles of institutional sustainability. This research was done between April and July 2016, focusing on two villages (i.e. Santong Village and Pesangrahan Village) that have been designated by the Mount Rinjani National Park Office as recipients of the conservation village model program. The analytical tool used to evaluate institutional performance refers to the eight principles of sustainable institutional. The results showed that the implementation of MDK in Mount Rinjani National Park had a low institutional performance. Several facts revealed in this study indicate that so far, the implementation of MDK in TNGR has not accommodated several sustainable institutional principles. These include the absence of mechanisms that regulate the clarity of community access to the use of national parks, differences in program interventions with community preferences, and the absence of mechanisms on benefit cost-sharing and dispute resolution at the operational level.
Estimation of biomass potential, carbon stocks, and carbon sequestration of Trigona sp honey bees feed
Authors: Muthmainnah  , Abdullah A , Ridha A , Rusyidi S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the biomass potential of Trigona sp honey bees in Bontotiro subdistrict as well as its carbon stock and carbon sequestration. The research was carried out for two months starting from May to June 2021, located in the sub district of Bontotiro, district of Bulukumba. The biomass measurement was carried out by making 11 plots with a size of 20 x 20 for the tree level, 10 m x 10 m for the poles level, and 5 m x 5 m for the sapling level. Tree biomass was calcula ted using allometric equations. Measurement of carbon stocks was carried out by multiplying the total biomass with the percentage value of carbon content of 0.47, while the carbon sequestration was calculated by multiplying the average annual growth of biomass with the conversion rate of 1.4667 obtained from the photosynthesis equation. The results showed that the potential of biomass of tree, poles, and sapling levels were 4.5, 1.4, and 0.3 tons/year, respectively. The carbon stocks of the tree, poles, and sapling levels were 68.6, 13.7, and 1.8 tons/year, respectively. The carbon sequestration of the tree, poles, and sapling were 6.6, 2.1, and 0.56 tons/year, respectively.
Forest health study in efforts to preserve community forest agroforestry patterns in Kubu Batu Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province
Authors: Puspita Eka Nala , Safe’i Rahmat , Kaskoyo Hari 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The agroforestry pattern community forest in Kubu Batu Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province has essential values for the community, both economically, ecologically, and socially. Therefore, to ensure the sustainability of the community forest, a forest health assessment is carried out. Forest health assessment is one of the criteria for achieving community forest sustainability. This study aims to determine the condition (status) and ecological factors that affect the health level of community forests using agroforestry patterns in Kubu Batu Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province. The research methods used are the Forest Health Monitoring method to measure forest health with the Forest Health Assessment Information System (SIPUT) and sperm rank correlation to determine the relationship between ecological factors and the health level community forests using agroforestry patterns. The results showed the condition (status) of community forest health in agroforestry patterns with good categories in cluster plots 2, 4, 5, and 6, moderate categories in cluster plots 1 and 7, and bad categories in cluster plots 3. Strongly positive/unidirectional agroforestry patterns are the crown condition and tree species diversity. This condition illustrates that it preserves community forests using agroforestry patterns in Kubu Batu Village is necessary to focus tree species diversity attention on tree crown parameters. Thus, the health status of community forest agroforestry patterns in Kubu Batu Village is good. This proves that the people there have made efforts to maintain the sustainability of their community forests.
Models and spatial patterns of deforestation in the Jeneberang watershed
Authors: Rijal Syamsu , Tirsyayu Tirza , Chairil A , Nursaputra Munajat , Mukhlisa Andi Nurul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Deforestation is an event of permanent land cover change from forest cover to non-forest cover. Deforestation events are very influential on the condition of a watershed area. One of the watersheds on the island of Sulawesi that has become a concern is the Jeneberang watershed because of its influence on the city of Makassar and is a priority watershed in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the model and spatial pattern of deforestation in the Jeneberang watershed. The deforestation analysis model uses the binary logistic regression method by including factors such as a river, population density, road, count, and slope. Analysis of the spatial pattern of deforestation using Fragstat software based on three indices to describe the spatial pattern, namely the Clumpiness Index, Contiguity Mean Index, and Patch Density. The model of deforestation in the Jeneberang watershed shows the road network factor that has the most influence on the occurrence of deforestation. The road network is quite high in all areas in the Jeneberang watershed including the upstream part as a protection zone. The road network serves as community access between villages and sub-districts in Gowa Regency and connects other regencies such as Sinjai, Takalar, and Jeneponto. The spatial pattern of deforestation in the Jeneberang watershed is grouping, the level of connectivity is high, and it is not fragmented. This pattern shows that deforestation occurs in groups, is interconnected with previously deforested areas, and has a fairly large area. This pattern occurs at a relatively low rate and remains the same when the deforestation rate increases or decreases.
Carbon storage and sequestration potentials in Sulawesi endemic species
Authors: Paembonan S A , Larekeng S H , Millang S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Several endemic species of Sulawesi have different growths and are generally influenced by local environmental factors. There are three well-known endemic species of Sulawesi, namely Macadamia (Macadamia hildebrandii), Elmerillia (Elmerillia ovalis), and Gophasa (Vitex cofassus). These three species are widely developed in community forests and are the mainstay of the community as building materials and for other purposes. These three species can be used as good absorbers of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the context of mitigating climate change. Macadamia and Elmerillia species grow well in the highlands, while Gophasa is generally found in the lowlands. From the results of the growth analysis, it is known that Macadamia and Elmerillia are medium growing species, while gophasa are slow-growing species. The results showed that the three endemic species have a good ability to absorb carbon from the air. At the age of 20 years, these three species can store carbon which is quite high, namely 132.38 tons/ha for Macadamia, 152.04 tons/ha for Elmerillia, and 82.65 tons/ha for gophasa. When converted to the ability to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere, the three species can absorb 485.85 tons CO2/ha, 557.99 tons CO2/ha, and 303.33 tons CO2/ha, respectively.
Analysis of flood vulnerability in the lawo watershed Soppeng Regency
Authors: Irfan M , Soma A S , Barkey R A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Lawo Watershed (DAS) is a watershed located in Soppeng Regency and every year during the rainy season it is prone to flooding. Other factors that cause flood vulnerability are slope, rainfall, soil type, altitude, and inappropriate land use. This study aims to determine the distribution of the level of flood vulnerability in the Lawo watershed, Soppeng Regency. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative. The method of making maps uses overlays and scoring between variables. Each variable will be given a score by giving weights and values according to the classification. Variables that have gone through the scoring stage will be overlaid with other variables using the ArcGIS application so as to produce a map of the level of flood vulnerability. The data analysis technique used descriptive method. The result of the research is a map of the level of flood susceptibility with four levels of vulnerability. There are two dominant levels of flood vulnerability in the Lawo watershed, namely not prone to flooding and prone to flooding. The flood-prone level is located downstream of the Lawo watershed with an area of 13,172 ha or 34.33% of the total watershed area, while the non-flood prone level is located in the upstream part of the watershed with an area of 13,923 ha or 36.28% of the total watershed area. The dominant factor that causes flooding in the Lawo watershed is the slope and land use. Most of the area of the Lawo watershed has a slope of 0-8% with a presentation of 57.22% of the total watershed area, and 32.97% of land use is in the form of rice fields and swamp shrubs.
Analysis of drought index to asses land and forest fire season in Maros Regency
Authors: Rismawati Nur , Millang Syamsuddin , Rijal Syamsu , Arty Budi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Forest and land fires occur almost every year, so they are a concern and priority in their control efforts. One of the important factors in the effort to control forest and land fires is knowing the times and locations that are prone to forest and land fires. This study aims to describe the level of drought and areas prone to forest and land fires in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi. This research was conducted in January to August 2017. The data collection was obtained from the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency, the Climate Change Control Center, and the Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. The data were analyzed using the Polygon Thiessen method, the Keecth Byram Drought Index (KBDI) method, and the spatial analysis method. The results showed that extreme drought conditions in Maros Regency occurred from September to October based on observations of maximum rainfall and temperature. The forest area classified as moderate forest fire danger rating dominates the Maros Regency area, namely 73418.67 ha (45.77%). Maros Regency which is included in the area with a very high forest fire danger rating is Tompobulu and Cenrana Districts.
The variation of carbon content and bulk density on different time period post fire and peat depth
Authors: Qirom Muhammad Abdul , Yuwati Tri Wira , Rachmanadi Dony , Halwany Wawan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Peatland plays the biggest carbon sink and the biggest carbon stock is in the soil. The main factors determining the number of carbon stock are bulk density and soil carbon content. Fire has caused the changes in the soil biophysical condition however limited study has been performed. The aim of this study is to obtain the number of carbon content and bulk density on post burning sites and various peat depth. The study was conducted on post burning peatland sites after 22 years, 16 years, 5 years and one site that has never been burnt. Two hundred and eighteen soil samples were collected up to the 5 m depth. Laboratorium analysis was carried out using Loss of Ignition method. The result showed that the average carbon content was 52.65% with the biggest carbon content was 53.98% from the site that has never been burnt. Nevertheless, the carbon content was not effected by the fire scenes. Peat depth had effect on the carbon content adjacent to the peat sub-stratum. Generally, the carbon content was lower following the distance to peat sub-stratum however the number of carbon content varied on the upper layer of peat sub-stratum. The carbon content value was different with the conversion factor of 46% or 50%, respectively. It was shown by the diversity analysis that the conversion value different with the value of carbon obtained in this research (Pvalue < 0.05). The peat bulk density was not effected by the period of fire. Generally, the bulk density was bigger following the distance to peat sub-stratum and it showed no pattern on the upper layer of the peat sub-stratum. The implication of this study emphasized that the conversion factor for peatland should be more than 50% to prevent underestimate carbon stock prediction.
Reducing ecological risk from the impacts of introduced exotic species in forestry industry: Limiting the invasiveness through a management and biological practices in Acacias plantation in Indonesia
Authors: Nirsatmanto A , Sunarti S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Balance benefit of ecological, economic, and social is a part of sustainable forest management. Industrial forest plantation is one of the ecological practices through increasing land cover to provide a good impact for economic and social. Introducing suitable species for industry from out of regions is commonly practiced in the plantation. In Indonesia, some Acacias species have been recognized as major plantation species to meet industrial requirements that are economically feasible, suited to major end-product, high productivity, and fast growth. However, some studies have classified the Acacias as exotic species which potentially show an invasive. Taking into account such invasiveness and anticipating ecological risk, this paper presents some considerations on plantation management and biological practices of the Acacias. Compromises among the reproductive system, growth, and rotation in the plantation management could limit the invasiveness. Besides high stand productivity, results from genetic and breeding could also provide a positive impact to diminish the reproductive process of trees that consequently reduce seeds in the Acacias plantation and limit its invasiveness. It concludes that some considerations and a good understanding of biological factors in plantation management practices could reduce ecological risk from the invasiveness of Acacias, and even it could be used for increasing plantation productivity.
Analysis of soil permeability and C-Organic in landslide events in Tangka Sub-Watershed
Authors: Umam S , Ahmad A , Rasyid B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the areas in South Sulawesi Province classified as prone to landslides is the Tangka Sub-watershed in the West Sinjai Sub-District. The factors used in making the susceptibility map in the West Sinjai area mostly use general characteristics, such as slope, slope shape, distance from the river, lithology, land cover, and rainfall. Several previous research results stated that internal soil factors significantly affect the occurrence of landslides. Therefore, this study aims to determine the internal characteristics of the soil, especially the permeability and C-organic soil, which affects the occurrence of landslides and create a susceptibility map based on the resulting frequency ratio value. Soil permeability analysis using permeameter method, C-Organic analysis using Walkley and Black method, and susceptibility maps using frequency ratio method. The results showed that the low permeability and c-organic level of the soil increased the soil susceptibility to landslide events and produced a more detailed map of the area susceptibility than using only general factors.
Challenges on fire severity assessment in Indonesia: A vegetation diversity changes perspective
Authors: Syaufina Lailan , Sitanggang Imas Sukaesih , Afina Fakhri Sukma 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fire severity assessment plays a significant role in post-fire management, which relates to burned area recovery, economic valuation, and law enforcement. Although various fire severity assessments have been conducted in several burned areas in Indonesia, the standardized method seems limited. This study aims to define criteria and indicators for forest and land fire severity assessment based on systematic reviews using a text mining approach. Systematic reviews on peer-reviewed journal articles related to forest fire severity published in 2010-2021 from Google Scholar source was conducted using Publish or Perish application using keywords of forest fire, severity, criteria, indicator, vegetation, soil, wildlife, living trees, mortality, survival, a burned area, abundance with no citations nor patents included. The linkage among forest fire severity related terms was analyzed using the VOSviewer application, which is based on a text mining approach to identify the most common criteria and indicators for fire severity assessment. The study revealed that there are 991 articles published fits to the keywords, of which 269 articles close related to forest fire severity from 75 peer-reviewed journals. Text mining analyses resulted in 4 clusters of forest fire severity related terms. The criteria commonly used for forest fire severity assessment are vegetation and soil, while the options for indicators including diversity, abundance, forest structure, tree mortality, and burn depth. These criteria and indicators are recommended for formulating forest fire severity assessment standard methods in Indonesia.
Optimization of corn commodity Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) in South Sulawesi based on system dynamics
Authors: Mardia Mardia , Rukmana Didi , Mahyuddin  , Fachrie Mardiana Ethrawaty 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to study various factors that influence farmers in using the warehouse receipt system (WRS) and to apply the warehouse receipt system policy scenario in South Sulawesi. The method used is a dynamic system. The simulation results of the actual model type are that the income obtained from the actual (existing) model using WRS is higher than the direct income (selling corn directly) without entering the warehouse (WRS), as well as real income (where 100% of the corn that is produced) entered the warehouse immediately sold at the time without any delay in selling). The ideal type of warehouse receipt system shows the result that there is a difference in income (lost profit/benefit loss) if it does not optimize the existence of the warehouse, in other words, the average annual loss of income is 113.5 billion. The model shows that by delaying the sale, the profit difference (difference in income) is obtained from 38.35 billion to 189.77 billion or an average of 113.5 billion per year. The scenario model was developed with the consideration of optimizing the ideal model, namely optimizing the difference in income obtained from selling delays of 30% with a strategy of increasing agricultural productivity through increasing farmer productivity, which can be done in various ways such as training, socialization, education, institutional Warehouse receipt systems must carry out changes to increase productivity and performance in the field, build strong stakeholder support between local and central government