bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does a preoperative cone beam CT reduce complication rates in the surgical removal of complex lower third molars? A retrospective study including 486 cases
Authors: Klatt Jan C. , Sorowka Tony , Kluwe Lan , Smeets Ralf , Gosau Martin , Hanken Henning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Backround
This study was designed to analyse the value of preoperative Cone Beam CTs (CBCT) prior to the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Furthermore, the aim was to assess injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) bundle and postoperative neurological disorders depending on the position of the lower third molar and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle.

Methods
In this retrospective examination preoperative Cone Beam CTs and Orthopantomographs (OPT) of 324 patients were analysed concerning the location of the lower third molars in relation to the mandible and the inferior alveolar nerve bundle. Surgery protocols of all patients who underwent the surgical removal of at least one complex lower third molar were analysed concerning patient data, length of surgery, intraoperative haemorrhage, intraoperative exposure of the inferior alveolar nerve bundle, postoperative swelling and postoperative neurological disorders. The data was then compared to data from international studies.

Results
In all 324 patients a permanent neurological damage was not found. Temporary neurological damage was recorded in 13 cases (2.6%). A caudal nerve position with no measurable distance to the root of the lower third molar was associated with the highest risk of a temporal neurological damage. A vestibular touching nerve route also correlated with postoperative sensitivity impairment. If a mesioangulation (Winter) or a Pell and Gregory Type IIIC appears in the OPT, risk of neurological damage is at its highest.

Conclusions
Three-dimensional radiographic imaging, in our patient group, does not significantly affect the risk for complications during the surgical removal of complex lower third molars. Therefore, it should only be utilized for risk assessment, especially in cases of symptom-free lower third molars.
A preoperative orthopantomogram still can be accepted as standard for radiographic imaging.
An intraoperative exposure of the IAN bundle does not necessarily predict simultaneous neurological damage. Exposure of the IAN bundle is no indication for a discontinuation of the surgery.
Comparison of stereotactic body radiation therapy versus fractionated radiation therapy for primary liver cancer with portal vein tumor thrombus
Authors: Zhang Sujing , He Li , Bo Changwen , Yang Shufang , An Yonghui , Li Na , Zhao Yingchun , Zhao Liping , Ma Wenhua , Zheng Zheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
To compare the clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and fractionated radiation therapy (FRT) for primary liver cancer with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT).

Methods
This retrospective study included 36 patients who underwent SBRT and 36 patients who underwent FRT from August 2016 to June 2018. Patients were evaluated for short-term efficacy, long-term efficacy, AEs, and quality of life before and after treatment.

Results
With a median follow-up of 28.8 months (26–36 months), 27 patients survived in the SBRT group while 19 patients survived in the FRT group. The survival rate in the SBRT group was statistically higher than that of the FRT group after 6 months (80.56% vs. 58.33%; P = 0.041), 12 months (77.78% vs. 55.56%; P = 0.046) and 24 months 75.00% vs. 52.78%; P = 0.049). The median whole survival time of the SBRT group was 13.3 months (95% CI 12.83–13.97), which was statistically longer than 9.8 months in the FRT group (95% CI 8.83–10.97, P < 0.05) based on the Kaplan–Meier method. The SBRT group had better survival quality and fewer adverse events than the FRT group.

Conclusion
SBRT had better clinical outcomes than FRT for primary liver cancer with PVTT.
A novel method for inference of acyclic chemical compounds with bounded branch-height based on artificial neural networks and integer programming
Authors: Azam Naveed Ahmed , Zhu Jianshen , Sun Yanming , Shi Yu , Shurbevski Aleksandar , Zhao Liang , Nagamochi Hiroshi , Akutsu Tatsuya 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnalysis of chemical graphs is becoming a major research topic in computational molecular biology due to its potential applications to drug design. One of the major approaches in such a study is inverse quantitative structure activity/property relationship (inverse QSAR/QSPR) analysis, which is to infer chemical structures from given chemical activities/properties. Recently, a novel two-phase framework has been proposed for inverse QSAR/QSPR, where in the first phase an artificial neural network (ANN) is used to construct a prediction function. In the second phase, a mixed integer linear program (MILP) formulated on the trained ANN and a graph search algorithm are used to infer desired chemical structures. The framework has been applied to the case of chemical compounds with cycle index up to 2 so far. The computational results conducted on instances withnnon-hydrogen atoms show that a feature vector can be inferred by solving an MILP for up to$$n=40$$n=40, whereas graphs can be enumerated for up to$$n=15$$n=15. When applied to the case of chemical acyclic graphs, the maximum computable diameter of a chemical structure was up to 8. In this paper, we introduce a new characterization of graph structure, called “branch-height” based on which a new MILP formulation and a new graph search algorithm are designed for chemical acyclic graphs. The results of computational experiments using such chemical properties as octanol/water partition coefficient, boiling point and heat of combustion suggest that the proposed method can infer chemical acyclic graphs with around$$n=50$$n=50and diameter 30.
Potential genes and pathways associated with heterotopic ossification derived from analyses of gene expression profiles
Authors: Yang Zhanyu , Liu Delong , Guan Rui , Li Xin , Wang Yiwei , Sheng Bin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundHeterotopic ossification (HO) represents pathological lesions that refer to the development of heterotopic bone in extraskeletal tissues around joints. This study investigates the genetic characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from HO tissues and explores the potential pathways involved in this ailment.MethodsGene expression profiles (GSE94683) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), including 9 normal specimens and 7 HO specimens, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Then, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed for further analysis.ResultsIn total, 275 DEGs were differentially expressed, of which 153 were upregulated and 122 were downregulated. In the biological process (BP) category, the majority of DEGs, including EFNB3, UNC5C, TMEFF2, PTH2, KIT, FGF13, and WISP3, were intensively enriched in aspects of cell signal transmission, including axon guidance, negative regulation of cell migration, peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation, and cell-cell signaling. Moreover, KEGG analysis indicated that the majority of DEGs, including EFNB3, UNC5C, FGF13, MAPK10, DDIT3, KIT, COL4A4, and DKK2, were primarily involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway. Ten hub genes were identified, including CX3CL1, CXCL1, ADAMTS3, ADAMTS16, ADAMTSL2, ADAMTSL3, ADAMTSL5, PENK, GPR18, and CALB2.ConclusionsThis study presented novel insight into the pathogenesis of HO. Ten hub genes and most of the DEGs intensively involved in enrichment analyses may be new candidate targets for the prevention and treatment of HO in the future.
Posterior pericardiotomy to prevent new-onset atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xiong Tao , Pu Lei , Ma Yuan-Feng , Zhu Yun-Long , Li Hua , Cui Xu , Li Ya-Xiong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with adverse events after cardiac surgery. Multiple studies have reported that posterior pericardiotomy (PP) may be effective for preventing AF after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but some conflicting results have been reported and the quality of evidence from previous meta-analyses has been limited. The present study aimed to systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of PP for preventing AF after CABG in adults.

Methods
We conducted a quantitative meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before May 31, 2021. The primary outcome was AF after CABG under cardiopulmonary bypass. Secondary outcomes included early pericardial effusion, late pericardial effusion, pericardial tamponade, pleural effusion, length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, pulmonary complications, intra-aortic balloon pump use, revision surgery for bleeding, and mortality.

Results
Ten RCTs with 1829 patients (910 in the PP group and 919 in the control group) were included in the current meta-analysis. The incidence of AF was 10.3% (94/910) in the PP group and 25.7% (236/919) in the control group. A random-effects model indicated that incidence of AF after CABG significantly lower in the PP group than in the control group (risk ratio = 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.29–0.64, P < 0.0001). PP also effectively reduced the post-CABG occurrence of early pericardial effusion (RR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.15–0.50; P < 0.05), late pericardial effusion (RR = 0.06, 95% CI 0.02–0.16; P < 0.05), and pericardial tamponade (RR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.02–0.33; P < 0.05) as well as the length of ICU stay (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.91,95% CI 0.57–1.24; P < 0.05), while increasing the occurrence pleural effusion (RR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.19–1.92; P < 0.05). No significant differences length of hospital stay (WMD =  − 0.45, 95% CI − 2.44 to 1.54, P = 0.66), pulmonary complications (RR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.71–1.39, P = 0.97), revision surgery for bleeding (RR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.43–1.63, P = 0.60), use of IABP (RR = 1, 95% CI 0.61–1.65, P = 1.0), or death (RR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.07–3.03, P = 0.41) were observed between the PP and control groups.

Conclusions
PP may be a safe, effective, and economical method for preventing AF after CABG in adult patients.
Chaihu-Shugan-San (Shihosogansan) alleviates restraint stress-generated anxiety and depression in mice by regulating NF-κB-mediated BDNF expression through the modulation of gut microbiota
Authors: Han Sang-Kap , Kim Jeon-Kyung , Park Hee-Seo , Shin Yeun-Jeong , Kim Dong-Hyun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundChaihu-Shugan-San (CSS, named Shihosogansan in Korean), a Chinese traditional medicine, is frequently used to treat anxiety and depression. Psychiatric disorders including depression are associated with gut dysbiosis. Therefore, to comprehend gut microbiota-involved anti-depressive effect of CSS, we examined its effect on restraint stress (RS)-induced depression and gut dysbiosis in miceMethodsCSS was extracted with water in boiling water bath and freeze-dried. Anxiety and depression was induced in C57BL/6 mice by exposure to RS. Anxiety- and depression-like behaviors were measured in the light/dark transition and elevated plus maze tasks, forced swimming test, and tail suspension test. Biomarkers were assayed by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. The gut microbiota composition was analyzed by Illumina iSeq sequencer.ResultsCSS significantly reduced the RS-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice. CSS suppressed the RS-induced activation of NF-κB and expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and increased the RS-suppressed expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Furthermore, CSS suppressed the RS-induced IL-6 and corticosterone level in the blood and IL-6 expression and myeloperoxidase activity in the colon. CSS decreased the RS-induced γ-Proteobacteria population in gut microbiota, while the RS-suppressed Lactobacillaceae, Prevotellaceae, and AC160630_f populations increased. Fecal transplantation of vehicle-treated control or RS/CSS-treated mice into RS-exposed mice significantly mitigated RS-induced anxity- and depression-like behaviors, suppressed the NF-κB activation in the hippocampus and colon, and reduced the IL-6 and corticosterone levels in the blood. These fecal microbiota transplantations suppressed RS-induced Desulfovibrionaceae and γ-Proteobacteria populations and increased RS-suppressed Lactobacillaceae and Prevotellaceae poulation in the gut microbiota.ConclusionsCSS alleviated anxiety and depression by inducing NF-κB-involved BDNF expression through the regulation of gut inflammation and microbiota.
Simultaneous external validation of various cardiac arrest prognostic scores: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Tsuchida Takumi , Ono Kota , Maekawa Kunihiko , Wada Takeshi , Katabami Kenichi , Yoshida Tomonao , Hayakawa Mineji 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare and validate the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA); cardiac arrest hospital prognosis (CAHP); non-shockable rhythm, unwitnessed arrest, long no-flow or long low-flow period, blood pH < 7.2, lactate > 7.0 mmol/L, end-stage chronic kidney disease, age ≥ 85 years, still resuscitation, and extracardiac cause (NULL-PLEASE) clinical; post-cardiac arrest syndrome for therapeutic hypothermia (CAST); and revised CAST (rCAST) scores in OHCA patients treated with recent cardiopulmonary resuscitation strategies.

Methods
We retrospectively collected data on adult OHCA patients admitted to our emergency department between February 2015 and July 2018. OHCA, CAHP, NULL-PLEASE clinical, CAST, and rCAST scores were calculated based on the data collected. The predictive abilities of each score were tested using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results
We identified 236 OHCA patients from computer-based medical records and analyzed 189 without missing data. In OHCA patients without bystander witnesses, CAHP and OHCA scores were not calculated. Although the predictive abilities of the scores were not significantly different, the NULL-PLEASE score had a large AUC of ROC curve in various OHCA patients. Furthermore, in patients with bystander-witnessed OHCA, the NULL-PLEASE score had large partial AUCs of ROC from sensitivity 0.8–1.0 and specificity 0.8–1.0.

Conclusions
The NULL-PLEASE score had a high, comprehensive predictive ability in various OHCA patients. Furthermore, the NULL-PLEASE score had a high predictive ability for good and poor neurological outcomes in patients with bystander-witnessed OHCA.
Efficacy and central mechanism of acupuncture treatment in patients with neck pain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gao Zhen , Yin Tao , Lan Lei , Li Dehua , Sun Ruirui , Ha Guodong , Jiang Caili , Shao Xin , He Zhaoxuan , Ji Laixi , Zeng Fang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcupuncture is effective for reducing the symptoms of neck pain (NP). However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Based on evaluating the efficacy of two acupuncture prescriptions for treating NP, this study aims to investigate the potential central mechanism of acupuncture treatment for NP by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).MethodsThis is a randomized controlled trial; 86 patients will be randomly assigned into two acupuncture treatment groups at a ratio of 1:1. The whole study period includes 2 weeks baseline, 2 weeks treatments, and 12 weeks follow-up (4 and 12 weeks after treatment). The pain severity, the neck disability index, the cervical range of motion, and the pressure pain threshold, etc., will be used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of two acupuncture prescriptions for NP treatment. The MRI scans will be performed to detect cerebral activity changes of 20 patients in each group. The clinical data and MRI data will be analyzed, respectively.Pearsoncorrelation coefficient will be used to evaluate the association between changes of cerebral activity features and improvement of clinical symptoms.DiscussionThe results will provide further evidence for the clinical application of acupuncture in the treatment of NP.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial RegistryChiCTR2000040930. Registered on 16 December 2020.
Prevalence of arbovirus antibodies in young healthy adult population in Brazil
Authors: Salgado Bárbara Batista , de Jesus Maués Fábio Carmona , Pereira Renato Lemos , Chiang Jannifer Oliveira , de Oliveira Freitas Maria Nazaré , Ferreira Milene Silveira , Martins Lívia Caricio , da Costa Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando , Ganoza Christian , Lalwani Pritesh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases are a cause for worldwide concern. The introduction of Zika and Chikungunya diseases in the Americas has exposed unforeseen medical and logistical challenges for public health systems. Moreover, the lack of preventive measures and vaccination against known and emerging mosquito-transmitted pathogens, and the occurrence of unanticipated clinical complications, has had an enormous social and economic impact on the affected populations. In this study, we aimed to measure the seroprevalence of endemic and emerging viral pathogens in military personnel stationed in Manaus, Amazonas state.

Methods
We measured the seropositivity of antibodies against 19 endemic and emerging viruses in a healthy military personnel group using a hemagglutination inhibition assay (HIA).

Results
Overall, DENV positivity was 60.4%, and 30.9% of the individuals reacted against ZIKV. Also, 46.6%, 54.7%, 51.3% and 48.7% individuals reacted against West Nile virus (WNV), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), Ilheus virus (ILHV) and Rocio virus (ROCV), respectively. Individuals with high DENV HIA titer reacted more frequently with ZIKV or WNV compared to those with low HIA titers. Observed cross-reactivity between Flaviviruses varied depending on the virus serogroup. Additionally, 0.6% and 0.3% individuals were seropositive for Oropouche virus (OROV) and Catu virus (CATUV) from the family Peribunyaviridae, respectively. All samples were negative for Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEEV), Western Equine Encephalomyelitis virus (WEEV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), Mucambo virus (MUCV) and CHIKV from the family Togaviridae.

Conclusions
A high proportion of individuals in our high-risk population (~ 60%) lacked antibodies against major endemic and emerging viruses, which makes them susceptible for further infections. Military personnel serving in the Amazon region could serve as sentinels to strengthen global infectious disease surveillance, particularly in remote areas.

Graphical abstract
Equine attachment site preferences and seasonality of common North American ticks: Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor albipictus, and Ixodes scapularis
Authors: Sundstrom Kellee D. , Lineberry Megan W. , Grant Amber N. , Duncan Kathryn T. , Ientile Michelle M. , Little Susan E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Ticks are common on horses, but recent publications characterizing equine tick infestations in North America are lacking.

Methods
To further understand attachment site preferences of common ticks of horses, and to document the seasonality of equine tick infestation in northeastern Oklahoma, horses from eight farms were evaluated twice a month over a 1-year period. Each horse was systematically inspected beginning at the head and moving caudally to the tail. Attachment sites of ticks were recorded and all ticks collected were identified to species and stage.

Results
Horses (26 males and 62 females) enrolled in the study ranged in age from 1 to 23 years (mean = 12, 95% CI 11–13). A total of 2731 ticks were collected; 84.1% (74/88) of the horses were infested (median = 3 ticks) at one or more examinations. Five tick species were identified, including Amblyomma americanum (78.2%; 2136/2731), Ixodes scapularis (18.2%; 497/2731), Dermacentor albipictus brown variant (2.6%; 71/2731), Dermacentor variabilis (0.7%; 20/2731), and Amblyomma maculatum (0.3%; 7/231). Most ticks were adults (83.6%; 2282/2731), but immature A. americanum (436/2136; 20.4%), D. albipictus (12/71; 16.9%), and A. maculatum (n = 1) were occasionally recovered. Amblyomma americanum were most often attached to the inguinal area, and I. scapularis and D. albipictus were most commonly found on the chest and axillary region (P < 0.0001). Ticks were found on horses in every month of the year. The largest number of ticks (638/2731; 23.4%) were collected in May (P < 0.0001). Amblyomma americanum, primarily immature, was the only tick recovered in September, I. scapularis and D. albipictus predominated October through February, and both A. americanum and I. scapularis were common in March. In the warmer months, April through August, A. americanum was the most common tick, followed by D. variabilis and A. maculatum.

Conclusions
This research confirms that ticks common on horses in North America have attachment site preferences and that ticks infest horses in Oklahoma throughout the year, including during the winter. Additional research is warranted to fully understand the risk these infestations pose to equine health.

Graphical abstract
The role of lung ultrasound B-lines and serum KL-6 in the screening and follow-up of rheumatoid arthritis patients for an identification of interstitial lung disease: review of the literature, proposal for a preliminary algorithm, and clinical application to cases
Authors: Wang Yukai , Chen Shaoqi , Zheng Shaoyu , Lin Jianqun , Hu Shijian , Zhuang Jinghua , Lin Qisheng , Xie Xuezhen , Zheng Kedi , Zhang Weijin , Du Guangzhou , Zhang Guohong , Hoffmann-Vold Anna-Maria , Matucci-Cerinic Marco , Furst Daniel E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractScreening and follow-up of interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) is a challenge in clinical practice. In fact, the majority of RA-ILD patients are asymptomatic and optimal tools for early screening and regular follow-up are lacking. Furthermore, some patients may remain oligosymptomatic despite significant radiological abnormalities. In RA-ILD, usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is the most frequent radiological and pathological pattern, associated with a poor prognosis and a high risk to develop acute exacerbations and infections. If RA-ILD can be identified early, there may be an opportunity for an early treatment and close follow-up that might delay ILD progression and improve the long-term outcome.In connective tissue disease–associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD), lung ultrasound (LUS) with the assessment of B-lines and serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 antigen (KL-6) has been recognized as sensitive biomarkers for the early detection of ILD. B-line number and serum KL-6 level were found to correlate with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and other clinical parameters in systemic sclerosis–associated ILD (SSc-ILD). Recently, the significant correlation between B-lines and KL-6, two non-ionizing and non-invasive biomarkers, was demonstrated. Hence, the combined use of LUS and KL-6 to screen and follow up ILD in RA patients might be useful in clinical practice in addition to existing tools. Herein, we review relevant literature to support this concept, propose a preliminary screening algorithm, and present 2 cases where the algorithm was used.