bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lingual Tonsillectomy
Authors: Freeman Catherine , Hines Brittany , Hines John , Hoxworth Joseph , Wright Benjamin 
Published: January 2021

Background
PFAPA (periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis) syndrome is diagnosed clinically. Adult-onset PFAPA syndrome is rare and often has a more diverse clinical presentation that its childhood counterpart. This is the first reported case of adult-onset PFAPA syndrome with complete response to lingual tonsillectomy.

Case Summary
A 41-year-old man was evaluated for periodic fevers associated with uvulitis, cervical lymphadenitis, pharyngitis, and lower extremity rash. He had a variable response to steroids and was intolerant of colchicine. Laboratory workup revealed intermittent elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level. Computed tomography neck and laryngoscopy confirmed adenoidal and lingual tonsillar hypertrophy. He underwent adenoidectomy and lingual tonsillectomy with resolution of symptoms.

Conclusions
Hypertrophy of the remaining lymphoid structures within Waldeyer's ring may be associated with remote recurrence of PFAPA syndrome after tonsillectomy. Lingual tonsillectomy may be an alternative treatment strategy in select patients with PFAPA, prominent lingual hypertrophy, and incomplete response to steroids.
Long-Term Retention Rate of Golimumab in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, and Spondyloarthritis in a Real-Life Setting
Authors: Serrano-Benavente Belén , Valor Larissa , del Río Blasco Tamara , Janta Iustina , González Benítez Roberto , Nieto-González Juan Carlos , Martínez-Barrio Julia , Ovalles Bonilla Juan Gabriel , Ariza Alfonso , López-Longo Francisco Javier , Álvaro-Gracia Jose María , Monteagudo Indalecio , González-Fernández Carlos Manuel 
Published: January 2021

Objective
The aims of this study were to describe the long-term retention rate of golimumab (GLM) treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and spondyloarthritis (SpA) in real life, and to analyze determinants of discontinuation.

Methods
We conducted a single-center, medical records review study of all patients with RA, PsA, and SpA on GLM treatment attending a large rheumatology department from 2010 to 2017. Times from start to end of GLM treatment were collected, as well as sociodemographic, clinical, and safety variables. Golimumab retention rate was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and comparison across diseases was analyzed with the Mantel-Haenszel statistic (log-rank test). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify factors associated with GLM discontinuation.

Results
In the study period, a total of 212 patients (61 RA, 48 PsA, 103 SpA) were prescribed GLM. Retention rates were 72% in the first year, 61% in the second, 56% in the third, and 38% at 5 years. Differences were statistically significant across diseases (median times to GLM discontinuation were 50.2, 46.0, and 38.7 months for RA, SpA, and PsA, respectively) and according to the number of previous biologic therapies (55.2 months in biologic-naive patients vs 14.0 months in patients with ≥2 previous biologics; p < 0.001). The use of concomitant conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs was associated with a lower probability of discontinuation (hazards ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33–0.97). Female sex (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.07–3.17) and having used 2 biologics before GLM (HR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.76–5.06) were associated with increased discontinuation rates. Twenty-three patients (10.9%) had at least 1 serious adverse event.

Conclusions
In a real-life setting, GLM shows appropriate long-term safety-effectiveness ratio.
Clinical Characteristics of Juvenile Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy and Comparison With Adult Patients
Authors: Loarce-Martos Jesús , Larena Carmen , Blázquez M. Ángeles , Joven Beatriz E. , Carreira Patricia E. , Martínez-Barrio Julia , Monteagudo Indalecio , López-Longo Francisco Javier , Ruiz Lucía , López-Robledillo Juan Carlos , Almodóvar Raquel , Llorente Irene , Tomero Eva , García-de la Peña Paloma , Moruno Henry , Pérez Ana , Cobo-Ibáñez Tatiana , Lojo Oliveira Leticia , Barbadillo María Carmen , García-De Yébenes María Jesús , Nuño-Nuño Laura 
Published: January 2021

Background/Objective
Few studies have been published focusing on the differences between juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (JIIM) and adult IIM. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of JIIM main subgroups (juvenile dermatomyositis [JDM] and juvenile polymyositis [JPM]) and to compare their differences with adult IIM subgroups (adult DM and adult PM).

Methods
This study reviewed the medical records of patients from the REMICAM cohort, a multicentric longitudinal study carried out in patients with IIM, followed up between 1980 and 2014 in 12 hospitals in Madrid, Spain. Patients with definite or probable JPM, JDM, adult DM, and adult PM according to the modified Bohan and Peter criteria were selected. We compared the characteristics between JDM and JPM, and between JIIM and adult IIM.

Results
Eighty-six juvenile patients (75 JDMs and 11 JPMs) and 283 adult patients (133 DMs and 150 PMs) were included. Compared with patients with JDM, patients with JPM were older at diagnosis, had more fever and arthritis, and were less frequently treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (these differences were not statistically significant). Compared with patients with adult DM, those with JDM presented more frequently with calcinosis (33.8% vs 6.9%, p < 0.0001) and had less severe infections (4.3% vs 23.4%, p < 0.0001), malignancies (1.3% vs 25.6%, p < 0.0001), and mortality (3.5% vs 33%, p < 0.0001). Patients with JDM were treated less frequently with azathioprine (10.8% vs 44.7%, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Our findings confirm that JIIMs are a heterogeneous group of diseases with relevant differences compared with adult IIMs.
Cystic Lymph Node Identification Is More Reliable Than Critical View of Safety in Difficult Cholecystectomies
Authors: Ng Hwei J. , Nassar Ahmad H.M. , Wysocki Arkadiusz P. , Ahmed Zubir , Gil Ines C. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The cystic lymph node (CLN) represents an anatomic safety marker and a surrogate marker of technique during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). We aim to demonstrate the value of CLN in comparison to the critical view of safety (CVS) and study the effects of increasing difficulty on the 2 approaches.

Methods:
A prospective study of consecutive LC was conducted. Patient demographics, type of admission, clinical presentation, operative difficulty grade, visualization of CLN, identification of CVS, operative time, and complications were recorded and analyzed.

Results:
Of 393 LCs, half of the admissions were emergencies. Thirty-four percent had obstructive jaundice or acute cholecystitis. The CLN was visually identified in 81.7% with a small difference between operative difficulty grades 1 to 3 versus 4 to 5. Although CVS was unachievable in 62 patients, 43 (69.4%) still had an identifiable CLN. The median operating time was 68 minutes with 1 mortality but no conversions or intraoperative complications.

Conclusions:
Identifying the CLN during LC could compliment the CVS in avoiding major ductal injury. Dissecting lateral to the CLN to commence the process of displaying the cystic pedicle structures may be a strategy in safely achieving the CVS. During the more difficult LC where displaying the CVS is impossible, the CLN may be the key anatomic landmark.
Retrograde Myotomy as an Alternative to Antegrade Myotomy in Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) for Achalasia Cardia – Is It Better?
Authors: Mandavdhare Harshal S. , Samanta Jayanta , Jafra Anudeep , Chauhan Rajeev , Singh Harjeet , Kumar Naveen , Kumar Kimavat Hemanth , Gupta Pankaj , Dutta Usha , Kochhar Rakesh 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Antegrade approach myotomy is usually performed in peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia cardia. This study assessed the feasibility of retrograde approach as an alternative.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing POEM, comparing the 2 techniques of antegrade myotomy (AM) and retrograde myotomy (RM). AM was performed by the conventional technique of proximal to distal myotomy while RM was from the distal end to proximal. The time required for myotomy, complications, and technical nuances were compared.

Results:
Of the 24 cases of POEM, 6 were done by RM and 18 by AM approach. The baseline characteristics, symptomatology, type of achalasia, and preprocedure Eckardt score were similar between the 2 technique arms. The median myotomy time for AM was 21 minute while for RM was 25 minute (P=0.07). Complication rates were similar.
Technical issues during RM included: (1) difficulty in visualizing the depth of myotomy; (2) incomplete myotomy requiring back and forth scope adjustment; (3) need for antegrade movement for completion of myotomy; (4) difficulty visualizing the axis of myotomy; (5) added arm strain during posterior myotomy.

Conclusion:
Our study did not find any additional benefit of RM compared with AM approach for POEM.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Laparoscopic and Open Extensive Resection for Complicated Appendicitis: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Takeyama Hiroshi , Ikeda Kimimasa , Shinomiya Satoshi , Nishigaki Takahiko , Yamashita Masafumi , Danno Katsuki , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Sugimoto Keishi , Oka Yoshio 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The feasibility and safety of laparoscopic extensive resection (ER) for complicated appendicitis (CA) has not been clarified. We assessed the feasibility of laparoscopic ER versus open ER for CA.

Methods:
We retrospectively enrolled consecutive 983 patients who underwent emergency surgery for appendicitis, including 91 patients who underwent ER for CA, between April 2007 and October 2019.

Results:
Thirty-three patients underwent laparoscopic ER, and 58 patients underwent open ER. There were no significant differences in the reasons for performing ER between laparoscopic ER and open ER. The rates of suspicious for malignant tumor did not differ between laparoscopic and open ER [15.2% (5/33) vs. 17.2% (10/58)]. Blood loss was less in laparoscopic ER than in open ER (P=0.028). Superficial surgical site infection was less frequent in laparoscopic ER than in open ER (P=0.047). In addition, laparoscopic ER tended to be associated with a shorter hospital stay, lower rate of postoperative ileus, and higher rate of intra-abdominal abscess.

Conclusion:
Laparoscopic ER is feasible, and it is associated with less intraoperative blood loss and a lower frequency of postoperative superficial surgical site infection than open ER.
Nationwide cost-effectiveness analysis of surgical stabilization of rib fractures by flail chest status and age groups
Authors: Choi Jeff , Mulaney Bianca , Laohavinij Wasin , Trimble Richard , Tennakoon Lakshika , Spain David A. , Salomon Joshua A. , Goldhaber-Fiebert Jeremy D. , Forrester Joseph D. 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND
Surgical stabilization of rib fracture (SSRF) is increasingly used to manage patients with rib fractures. Benefits of performing SSRF appear variable, and the procedure is costly, necessitating cost-effectiveness analysis for distinct subgroups. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of SSRF versus nonoperative management among patients with rib fractures younger than 65 years versus 65 years or older, with versus without flail chest. We hypothesized that, compared with nonoperative management, SSRF is cost-effective only for patients with flail chest.

METHODS
This economic evaluation used a decision-analytic Markov model with a lifetime time horizon incorporating US population-representative inputs to simulate benefits and risks of SSRF compared with nonoperative management. We report quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses accounted for most plausible clinical scenarios.

RESULTS
Compared with nonoperative management, SSRF was cost-effective for patients with flail chest at willingness-to-pay threshold of US $150,000/QALY gained. Surgical stabilization of rib fracture costs US $25,338 and US $123,377/QALY gained for those with flail chest younger than 65 years and 65 years or older, respectively. Surgical stabilization of rib fracture was not cost-effective for patients without flail chest, costing US $172,704 and US $243,758/QALY gained for those younger than 65 years and 65 years or older, respectively. One-way sensitivity analyses showed that, under most plausible scenarios, SSRF remained cost-effective for subgroups with flail chest, and nonoperative management remained cost-effective for patients older than 65 years without flail chest. Probability that SSRF is cost-effective ranged from 98% among patients younger than 65 years with flail chest to 35% among patients 65 years or older without flail chest.

CONCLUSIONS
Surgical stabilization of rib fracture is cost-effective for patients with flail chest. Surgical stabilization of rib fracture may be cost-effective in some patients without flail chest, but delineating these patients requires further study.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Economic/decision, level II.
SUMIC: A Simple Ultrafast Multicolor Immunolabelling and Clearing Approach for Whole-Organ and Large Tissue 3D Imaging
Authors: Biswas Lincoln , Chen Junyu , De Angelis Jessica , Chatzis Alexandros , Nanchahal Jagdeep , Dustin Michael L. , Ramasamy Saravana K. , Kusumbe Anjali P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHigh-resolution whole-organ imaging of cleared tissues captures cellular and molecular insights within the intact tissue and tumour microenvironments. However, current immunolabelling and clearing methods are complicated and time-consuming; extending to several weeks. Here, we developedSimpleUltrafastMulticolorImmunolabelling andClearing orSUMIC, a method that enables multicolor immunolabelling and clearing of whole murine organs and human tissues within 2 to 2.5 days. Moreover, SUMIC is simple, robust, non-hazardous and versatile comprising antigen retrieval, permeabilization, collagenase-based digestion, immunolabelling, dehydration, and clearing. SUMIC permits quantitative and singlecell resolution analysis and detection of rare cells in whole organs, for example, round αSMA positive cells in the thymus. Upon volumetric imaging, SUMIC-processed samples retain normal tissue architecture and can be used for paraffin-embedding and histology. We employed the SUMIC method for whole-organ mapping of lymphatic vessels across different ages and organs. This analysis revealed the expansion of lymphatic vessels in endocrine tissues but not in any other organs with aging. Hence, SUMIC will accelerate discoveries compared to other whole organ imaging pipelines.
Queuine, a bacterial derived hypermodified nucleobase, shows protection inin vitromodels of neurodegeneration
Authors: Richard Patricia , Manière Xavier , Kozlowski Lucie , Guillorit Hélène , Garnier Patrice , Danchin Antoine , McKnight Nicole C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that human gut bacteria, comprising the microbiome that communicates with the brain through the so-called ‘gut-brain-axis’, are linked to neurodegenerative disorders. Imbalances in the microbiome of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients have been detected in several studies. Queuine is a hypermodified nucleobase enriched in the brain and exclusively produced by bacteria and salvaged by humans through their gut epithelium. Queuine replaces guanine at the wobble position of tRNAs with GUN anticodons and promotes efficient cytoplasmic and mitochondrial mRNA translation.To elucidate whether queuine could facilitate protein folding and prevent aggregation and mitochondrial defects, hallmarks of neurodegenerative disorders, we tested the effect of chemically synthesized queuine, STL-101, in severalin vitromodels of neurodegeneration. Treatment with STL-101 led to increased neuronal survival as well as a significant decrease in hyper-phosphorylated alpha-synuclein, a marker of alpha-synuclein aggregation in a PD model and a decrease in tau hyperphosphorylation in an AD model. Our work has identified a new role for queuine in neuroprotection uncovering a therapeutic potential for STL-101 in neurological disorders.
Effects of Diabetes and Blood Glucose on COVID-19 Mortality: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Li Fei , Cai Yue , Gao Chao , Zhou Lei , Chen Renjuan , Zhang Kan , Li Weiqin , Zhang Ruining , Zhang Xijing , Wang Duolao , Liu Yi , Tao Ling 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of diabetes and blood glucose on mortality of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis was a retrospective observational study of all patients with COVID-19 admitted to Huo-Shen-Shan Hospital, Wuhan, China. The hospital was built only for treating COVID-19 and opened on February 5, 2020. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during hospitalization.RESULTSAmong 2877 hospitalized patients, 13.5% (387/2877) had a history of diabetes and 1.9% (56/2877) died in hospital. After adjustment for confounders, patients with diabetes had a 2-fold increase in the hazard of mortality as compared to patients without diabetes (adjusted HR 2.11, 95%CI: 1.16-3.83, P=0.014). The on-admission glucose (per mmol/L≥4mmol/L) was significantly associated with subsequent mortality on COVID-19 (adjusted HR 1.17, 95%CI: 1.10-1.24, P<0.001).CONCLUSIONSDiabetes and on-admission glucose (per mmol/L≥4mmol/L) are associated with increased mortality in patients with COVID-19. These data support that blood glucose should be properly controlled for possibly better survival outcome in patients with COVID-19.
Discovery of μ, δ-Opioid receptor dual biased agonists that overcome the limitation of prior biased agonists
Authors: Lee Jin Hee , Shon Suh-Youn , Jeon Woojin , Hong Sung-Jun , Ban Junsu , Lee Do Sup 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTMorphine is widely used to manage pain in patients, although the risk of side effects is significant. The use of biased agonists to the G protein of μ-opioid receptors has been suggested as a potential solution, although Oliceridine and PZM21 have previously failed to demonstrate benefits in clinical studies. An amplification-induced confusion in the process of comparing G protein and beta-arrestin pathways may account for previous biased agonist mis-identification. Here, we have devised a strategy to discover biased agonists with intrinsic efficacy. We computationally simulated 430,000 molecular dockings to the μ-opioid receptor to construct a compound library. Hits were then verified by experiment. Using the verified compounds, we performed simulations to build a second library with a common scaffold, and selected compounds which show biased features to μ and δ-opioid receptors through a cell-based assay. Three compounds (ID110460001, ID110460002, and ID110460003) with a dual biased agonistic effect for μ and δ-opioid receptors were identified. These candidates are full agonists for the μ-opioid receptor, and they show specific binding modes. Based on our findings, we expect our novel compound to act as a biased agonist than conventional drugs such as Oliceridine.
QTL mapping: an innovative method for investigating the genetic determinism of yeast-bacteria interactions in wine
Authors: Bartle Louise , Peltier Emilien , Sundstrom Joanna , Sumby Krista , Mitchell James G , Jiranek Vladimir , Marullo Philippe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe two most commonly used wine microorganisms,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeyeast andOenococcus oenibacteria, are responsible for completion of alcoholic and malolactic fermentation (MLF), respectively. For successful co-inoculation,S. cerevisiaeandO. oenimust be able to complete fermentation, however, this relies on compatibility between yeast and bacterial strains. For the first time, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) analysis was used to elucidate whetherS. cerevisiaegenetic makeup can play a role in the ability ofO. oenito complete MLF. Assessment of 67 progeny of anS. cerevisiaeSBxGN cross, co-inoculated with a singleO. oenistrain, SB3, revealed a major QTL linked to MLF completion byO. oeni. This QTL encompassed a well-known translocation, XV-t-XVI, that results in increasedSSU1expression and is functionally linked with numerous phenotypes including lag phase duration and sulfite export and production. A reciprocal hemizygosity assay was performed to elucidate the effect of the geneSSU1in the SBxGN background. Our results instead revealed a strong effect ofSSU1haploinsufficiency onO. oeni’s ability to complete malolactic fermentation during co-inoculation, and paves the way for the implementation of QTL mapping projects for deciphering the genetic bases of microbial interactions.Key pointsFor the first time QTL analysis has been used to study yeast-bacteria interactions.A QTL encompassing a translocation, XV-t-XVI, was linked to MLF outcomes.S. cerevisiae SSU1haploinsufficiency positively impacted MLF byO. oeni.
DINC-COVID: A webserver for ensemble docking with flexible SARS-CoV-2 proteins
Authors: Hall-Swan Sarah , Antunes Dinler A. , Devaurs Didier , Rigo Mauricio M. , Kavraki Lydia E. , Zanatta Geancarlo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMotivationRecent efforts to computationally identify inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 proteins have largely ignored the issue of receptor flexibility. We have implemented a computational tool for ensemble docking with the SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including the main protease (Mpro), papain-like protease (PLpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).ResultsEnsembles of other SARS-CoV-2 proteins are being prepared and made available through a user-friendly docking interface. Plausible binding modes between conformations of a selected ensemble and an uploaded ligand are generated by DINC, our parallelized meta-docking tool. Binding modes are scored with three scoring functions, and account for the flexibility of both the ligand and receptor. Additional details on our methods are provided in the supplementary material.Availabilitydinc-covid.kavrakilab.orgSupplementary informationDetails on methods for ensemble generation and docking are provided as supplementary data online.Contactgeancarlo.zanatta@ufc.br,kavraki@rice.edu