bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acacia mearnsii (black wattle).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Pasiecznik Nick 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

A fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing tree adapted to a wide range of sites from the temperate and subtropical lowlands to tropical highlands. It yields bark extractives high in quality tannin, paper pulp, cellulose for rayon, charcoal, and fuelwood. The use of A. mearnsii tannin for production of waterproof wood adhesives for the reconstituted-wood industries is expanding. A useful species for erosion control, soil improvement, shade and shelter, and ornament.
Acacia saligna (Port Jackson wattle).
Authors: Pasiecznik Nick 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

A. saligna is a fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing large shrub or small tree from southwestern Western Australia. It coppices readily and is tolerant of calcareous, alkaline and saline soils in temperate climates. A. saligna is planted in North Africa, the Middle East and South America for fodder, fuelwood, sand stabilization and as a windbreak. In Australia it is most commonly used as an ornamental, but is being increasingly planted in agroforestry systems for fodder production and soil conservation.
Jacaranda mimosifolia (jacaranda).
Authors: Pasiecznik Nick 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

J. mimosifolia is a medium-large, deciduous tree, up to 20 m in height, with an attractive spreading crown. The species is native to Argentina and Brazil, but has been introduced as an ornamental to many parts of the tropics. J. mimosifolia grows best in highland areas up to 2400 m with an annual rainfall of 900-1300 mm. It grows well on well-drained sandy loam soils, although it will survive on poorer shallow soils. The species does not tolerate waterlogged or clay soils. It is a deep-rooted competitive tree, so few plants or crops can grow beneath it. J. mimosifolia is most well-known for the clusters of striking bell-shaped, blue-violet flowers that are produced during the dry season and which are characteristic of many cities in tropical and sub-tropical countries. J. mimosifolia can be established from either seed or cuttings. Fresh seed has a germination capacity of 50-92% and generally no seed pre-treatment is required. The trees need considerable care during the first two years, requiring weeding, regular watering and staking until well established. They can be fast growing on good sites achieving 3 m per year during the first two years and 1 m per year in subsequent years. Established trees respond well to light coppicing. If used as an ornamental, an open environment or large spacing is required for this light-demanding species with its wide canopy.
Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

L. inermis is a small, multi-stemmed shrub or small tree 2-6 m tall, commonly known as henna. It originates from the Persian Gulf region (and possibly northeast Africa) to northwest India and is now cultivated widely throughout the tropics and subtropics. The leaves produce a red dye which is used to paint fingernails, to decorate the body and to dye hair. Henna dye is very important traditionally, being used in Muslim and Hindu marriage ceremonies. In the past, its leaves were widely used to dye silk and wool, and less commonly cotton and leather. The wood of L. inermis is fine-grained and hard, being used for tent pegs and tool handles. A perfume is made from the flowers. Extracts from the leaves (and to a lesser extent the roots) are used in traditional medicine as a panacea against almost any disease. L. inermis is mostly grown on a small scale in gardens (often as a hedge) but is grown commercially in India, Pakistan, Egypt, Libya and Sudan. In African plantations, it is often irrigated and fertilized. It is easily grown as a short-lived perennial crop from seed and transplanted, or propagated by cuttings. It is adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions, but requires high temperatures for good growth. Henna is an important natural dye. To increase the potential of the crop, selection and breeding are needed to increase the content of the pigment lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) in the leaves. Many cultivars already exist locally, having being selected for their leaves or flowers. Research is also neeeded on ways to improve drying and processing of the leaves.
Prosopis pallida (mesquite).
Authors: Pasiecznik Nick 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

P. pallida is a very important species in areas of its native range, notably in northern Peru, where it is a valuable source of wood and non-wood products. The wood is a high quality fuel and is processed into charcoal and traded as far away as Lima, the capital city. Branches are used as posts and poles, and larger trunks used as beams or sawn into timber. The pods are sweet and highly nutritious, being used and traded as a livestock feed, and stored in times of plenty in specially constructed buildings. Pods are also processed and used in a variety of human foods, e.g. made into a molasses-like syrup called 'algarrobina', or ground into flour and used in making cakes, bread and biscuits. Where introduced, these values are not widely noted, and the species has become a weed in places, especially in Australia. In other countries where it is a widespread exotic, notably Brazil and Cape Verde, there is great potential for increasing its utilization. Also, P. pallida shows enormous potential as genetic material for improvement of other tropical Prosopis species, especially P. juliflora.
Triadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Triadica sebifera is a valuable multipurpose agroforestry species in the central Himalayan region and across Asia, and is also a popular ornamental tree for its colourful autumn leaves. The fruit of T. sebifera contains two types of fat. The white, fleshy outer seedcoat (sarcotesta) produces a fat known as Chinese vegetable tallow, while the cotyledons of the seed (kernel) yield a drying oil called stillingia oil. These oils are used as a substitute for cocoa butter in the food industry, to make paints, varnishes, soaps and candles, and to waterproof umbrellas. The leaves contain a dye, used in Asia to dye silk black. As an agroforestry species, Triadica sebifera is a good soil binder and contributes to nutrient recycling. It is planted in tea plantations as a shade tree and is also a minor timber tree. Its wood is sometimes used to make various implements, toys, furniture and Chinese printing blocks. The root, bark and leaves are used in traditional medicine in China (PROSEA, 2018; PROTA, 2018).
Sterculia apetala (Panama tree).
Authors: Vélez-Gavilán Eanine 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

S. apetala is a large evergreen tree normally growing to 15-25 m tall, but it can reach 40 m tall and 1 m in diameter. It has a wide natural range from southern Mexico and Central America to Peru and Brazil. It is naturalized in Jamaica and Trinidad, and planted in many countries of the Caribbean.
Tephrosia candida (white Tephrosia).
Authors: Pasiecznik Nick 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

T. candida is a shrub 2-3 m tall, thought to be indigenous to Malaysia, and has been introduced and become naturalized in many parts of the tropics, including: Vietnam, Bhutan, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, New Zealand, Philippines, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. It is drought-tolerant, and commonly used in agroforestry systems. It grows well on acid and impoverished soils. Its soil improving characteristics have led to its use as a pioneer plant, in contour hedgerows to prevent soil erosion on steep slopes, as a shade tree in agroforestry systems (Nguyen and Thai, 1993), and as a nurse tree for commercial timber species (e.g. for Shorea robusta in India; Krishnaswany, 1956). It is one of the most common green manure species planted in Vietnam. Extracts from T. candida have insecticidal properties (Stoll, 1996). The flowers and fruits are susceptible to damage from Maruca vitrata (Chan Dang Dinh, 1982).
Assessment for Learning Model in Competency Assessment of 21st Century Student Assisted by Google Classroom
Authors: Ilma A Z , Adhelacahya K , Ekawati E Y 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Assessment for Learning (AfL) is useful for redesigning the online learning strategies further to improve students’ abilities, especially for 21st century students’ abilities. To achieve these competencies through the AfL model, assessment models are needed. This study discusses the model for AfL based on a needs analysis survey, using a questionnaire. In this study, the object of the research study was 30 students of the Physics Education Department of Universitas Sebelas Maret class of 2017, 2018, and 2019. The data on this paper were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that most students use Google Classroom for online learning. However, giving feedback is not considered the maximum given by the lecturer. The results of interviews with 15 respondents obtained a form of learning assessment model that emphasizes the existence of feedback so that the model of AfL can be applied to achieve learning objectives and 21st century student competencies are achieved namely communicative, creativity, critical thinking, and collaborative. Thus, activists and education stakeholders get a picture of the urgency feedback in the learning process using the AfL model which is integrated into technology of Era Society 5.0 in the world of education.
Linking Disaster Preparedness Education to Risk Awareness: Should We Teach Our Kids About Risk?
Authors: Anggaryani M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
School community could be considered as a vulnerable group, but at the same time, it has a potential role in reducing the risk of disaster. Teaching the school communities about the risk and how to manage it might bring significant effect to the awareness and readiness in facing disaster. Twenty-four respondents from four secondary schools in Yogyakarta were voluntary participated in the interview to investigate DRR program implementation. The respondents consist of school principals (8 people), and teachers (16 people). The results show that disaster preparedness education has been integrated into several school subjects such as Physics (33.33 %), Geography (20.83 %), Physical Education (16.67 %), Bahasa (12.33 %), and Natural Sciences (12.33 %), and Arts (4.17 %). About 29.17 % of the participants admitted that they still do not have enough knowledge about the risk of disaster after learning about Volcanoes Eruption, Earthquakes, and Tsunami. About 41.67 % of the participants feel they know about what to do after having evacuation drills. However, 83.33 % of the participants feel unconfident that they will be able to take proper action when a disaster occurs. Thus, in reducing the risk of disaster, teaching the risk of natural disaster and how to reduce it through Physics is possible to do as contextual learning, especially for students who schooled at a disaster-prone area.
Application Titanium Dioxide Nanotube from Natural Source as Tooth Whitening
Authors: Istiqomah  , Rohmawati L , Setyarsih W , Hefdea A , Wulancahayani E , Munasir  
Published: April 2021

AbstractNanotube material that has been synthesized for decades is Titanium Dioxide Nanotube (TDN) because it has high photocatalytic properties and produces free radicals that can whiten teeth. Tooth whitening materials that are used in the public is such as H2O2with high concentrations so that they endanger the health of tooth enamel. Therefore, this research uses TDN as a natural teeth whitening agent with low H2O2concentrations. TDN is obtained from natural materials, mineral sand which is chemically processed using sodium hydroxide in an autoclave for 24 hours. The amount of free radicals is determined by ESR and the effect of teeth whitening determined by immersing the teeth in a 3% TDN and H202solution and then characterized by the UV-Vis PC 2401 Spectrophotometer. The results showed that TDN produced O2−free radicals which could degrade tooth color up to turned brighter.
Enhancing Students’ Science Communication Skill: Validation of Learning Tools Based MORE Learning Model
Authors: Pratiwi T P , Munasir  , Suprapto N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This research aims to produce and determine the validity of learning tools with the MORE (Model – Observe – Reflect – Explain) learning model developed on Work and Energy concept. The learning tools produce to practice students’ science communication skills because because previously there was no learning tools that specifically trained science communication skills in schools Senior High School 1 of Bangilan. The type of research is Research and Development (R&D) refers to 4D model which consists of four stages namely: define, design, develop and disseminate. The learning tools developed consist of a syllabus, lesson plans (RPP), students worksheet (LKPD), handouts, cognitive assessment instruments in the Work and Energy concepts and science communication skills by three experts validation. The validity results obtained an average mode average value of four with very valid category. The results of study showed that the learning tools with the MORE learning model to practice students’ science communication skills is feasible based on the validity aspect. In conclusion, the learning tools developed can be used to train science communication skills in schools, especially in physics lessons on Work and Energy concept.
Analysis of Boiler Engine Efficiency Unit 2 PT. PJB UP Paiton
Authors: Febriani S D A , Purwanto M R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The boiler machine is a component that initiates energy changes. The boiler engine in the PLTU is a closed vessel that can convert water into steam at high temperature and high pressure by utilizing heat from coal combustion. Steam flows out of the boiler engine into the steam turbine. In this turbine, there is a conversion of kinetic energy from steam into mechanical energy to drive the turbine blades. The rotation of the turbine shaft is coupled with the generator to produce electrical energy from the conversion of the magnetic field coil in the generator. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of a boiler engine and to find out the best method for calculating the efficiency of a boiler engine. There are two methods used to calculate the efficiency of boiler machine, namely the direct method and the indirect method or losses method. In the direct method uses a comparison between the output (steam) and heat input (fuel) for efficiency evaluation. Meanwhile, the indirect method is done by reducing the heat generated when burning coal with losses that occur during and after the combustion process. Based on the data analyzed to determine the efficiency of the boiler machine by direct method, it can be seen that the efficiency is 87.20%. Meanwhile, based on the indirect method, the efficiency is 81.22%. These results are appropriate after being compared with boiler commissioning data in 1994 that efficiency of the boiler machine at PT. PJB UP Paiton reaches 80% - 90%.
Image Analysis on Clavicle Bone for Indonesian Clavicle Implant Design
Authors: Aurellia S , Asmaria T , Sari A K , Aslam A B N , Utomo M S , Panghihutan D M , Annur D , Amal M I , Kartika I 
Published: April 2021

AbstractImplant is a medical device created by humans and implanted in the human body to replace or enhance the biological structure in the human body. In this study, we performed an image analysis of the clavicle bone with the aim of estimating the latest clavicle implant design obtained for Indonesians. The data was collected from 6 computed tomography (CT) thorax data with a specific age range of 18-25 years old women patient. The data was loaded into three-digital (3D) multiplanar reconstruction, followed by segmentation process and measuring the predetermined parameter. After getting the numbers from several measurements, an approximation is made to be applied to the latest designs of clavicle implant. This study concludes that the image analysis using 3D Slicer and Radiant Viewer can give a specific number in the parameter of diameter, length, and curve that can be a recommendation for designing and manufacturing the clavicle implants based on the patient data.
Study of Crustal Structure Beneath Station Banjarnegara Indonesia (BJI) Based on Receiver Function Analysis
Authors: Ariyanto P , Rosid S , Syuhada  , Januarti Y 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe applied receiver functions (RFs) analysis to estimated the crustal structures beneath Station Banjarnegara, Indonesia (BJI). We selected teleseismic earthquakes with epicentral distance 30°-90° and magnitude greater than 6 (M > 6) that recorded from 3 component broadband seismograph at the station. We determined crustal thickness, S-wave velocity profiles and ratio ofνp/νsusing nonlinear Neighborhood Algorithm (NA). We migrated RFs phase to depth by AK-135 global velocity models to identify the depth of the geological structure. From the Ps conversion phase and inhomogeneity of the arrival time, we detected the near surface has a strong anisotropy. We identified delay P phase near surface that associated with thick sedimentary layer in this area at about 2.5 km. Crustal thicknesses, ‘Moho depth’, beneath the station was estimated at depth 28-32 km. The high RFs amplitude phase that might be associated with the presence of Indo-Australian Slab was identified at a depth 140-160 km according to previous studies.
PicsAR: A Physics Visualisation to Enhance Students’ Thinking Skills in Abstract Concepts
Authors: Suprapto N , Nandyansah W 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The aim of the research was to visualise abstract physics concepts through a PicsAR (Physics Augmented Reality) application to enhance students’ thinking skills in abstract concepts. Previously, the researchers developed the PicsAR by utilising Research and Development (R & D) design with an ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and Evaluation) and reported through previous publication. It has claimed that the PicsAR has fulfilled the criteria of valid, practice, and effective. The atomic model was exemplified as an abstract concept in physics as an outcome of visualisation. Totally, 33 high school students with their teacher in Surabaya Indonesia contributed to this study. To explore students’ thinking skills in abstract concepts, the descriptive statistics were used in guiding the data analysis. The visualisation of research trends in physics augmented reality was performed by VOSviewer software. Empirically, the finding of the research described the feature of PicsAR and the performance of the augmented reality of atomic models. Additionally, students’ abstract thinking skills of atomic models were also discussed, including four types of reasoning: proportional, probabilistic, combinatorial, and correlational reasoning. Overall, the students achieved excellent of all proportional reasoning indicators, two-thirds of probabilistic and correlational reasoning indicators, and seventy-five percent of combinatorial reasoning indicators.
Train the skills of making HOTS-based physics questions to physics teachers in Mojokerto
Authors: Sunarti T , Wasis  , Supardiyono  , Jauhariyah MNR 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Higher-order-thinking skills (HOTS) are skills that must be possessed to be globally competitive in the 21st century. Therefore, HOTS should be trained and assessed in learning, including learning physics. To measure HOTS, you need questions that agree with the HOTS criterion. Not all physics teachers understand the characteristics of HOTS. This study aimed to practice the skills of making HOTS-based physics questions for physics teacher in Mojokerto. The method used is a one-shot case study. Physics teachers understand HOTS characteristics and trained on how to make HOTS questions starting from fundamental competency analysis in the curriculum to creating HOTS questions for physics. The results showed that 60% of the teachers who were able to complete the task of making HOTS-based physics questions from all the participants who attended the training activities. It shows that efforts are still needed to improve teachers’ quality and capacity in preparing HOTS questions for physics subjects.
Identification of Groundwater Potential Using Wenner Configuration 2D Resistivity Method (Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur)
Authors: Minarto E , Christy N N , Ruchimat A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Kupang is the capital of the Indonesian province of Nusa Tenggara Timur, and has an estimated population in 2019 of 434,972. It is the biggest city and port on the island of Timor. The needs for groundwater is urgent in Kupang. The geology of Kupang is located on the Batu Gamping Koral Formation which composed by coral limestone, which is physically barren and dry. So that local residents often have some problems with water availability. Therefore, needed the information about potential and depth of groundwater aquifers in the area. Measurement of the Wenner configuration 2D resistivity method has been carried out to identify the subsurface to determine the potential for groundwater. Inversion were performed using the method of Least-Square Smoothness Constraint. The result of the interpretation shows that the subsurface resistivity value in the area ranges from 0.4-13.108 Ω m, and groundwater aquifer potential lies at trajectories KPG 01, 02, 03, 04, 14, 15. In the Batu Gamping Koral Formation there is groundwater potential in depth between 0-85 m with a resistivity value of 25.6-205 Ω m, and its constituent rocks are limestone sand and sand. In the Alluvium Formation, the groundwater potential in depth between 0-20 m with resistivity value of 25.6-410 Ω m, and its constituent rock is sand. Whereas in Bobonoro Formation, there is no groundwater potential.
Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic with ELISA Assistance on The Concept of Dynamic Fluid: Student Response Analysis
Authors: Kholiq A , Khoiriah M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Elisa is a new type of e-book developed by combining e-books with scientific literacy skills that will be trained in students. Elisa which has been developed on the topic of dynamic fluids is a teaching package. In the learning process, Elisa includes features of dynamic fluid material and is combined with training students’ scientific literacy skills. Elisa is designed to improve students’ listening skills in Indonesia in line withinternational program at high school level. A total of 42 students of class XI MIA-3 in one MA Ma’arif Blitar have used Elisa in the learning process. This study is devoted to analyzing the responses of students in using Elisa. As a result, students found Elisa as a positive learning experience in all aspectscontent of material, language, media, learning and aspects of scientific literacy on averageThe percentage of student response is 85.80% with the very good category. However, in this study it was found that the response of students to aspects of scientific literacy ability had the lowest score (82.34%) compared to other aspects, this was because the students of class XI MIA-3 in one of the MA Ma’arif Blitar were just introduced. scientific literacy in the learning process.
Flexible and Low-Cost Fabrication of Optical Waveguides Based on Sno2 for Passive Optical Devices
Authors: Asnawi  , Siddiq N A , Muntini M S , Pramono Y H 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A process for fabricating fully integrated optical devices based on tin oxide material using a laser cutting method had been conducted. This study was able to create optical waveguide channels in a flexible and fast way using the method. The study also demonstrated that the laser cutting process was capable of fabricating a Y-double branch optical waveguide based on the core material SnO2 designed using the PMMA substrate. The fabrication structure was analyzed for the input and output of the optical waveguide design. In the future, this process will be enormous to improve the design and rapid manufacture of optical waveguide structures for passive optical device applications.