bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifetime measurements of yrast states in $$^{\mathbf {178}}$$Pt using the charge plunger method with a recoil separator
Authors: Heery J. , Barber L. , Vilhena J. , Singh B. S. Nara , Herzberg R.-D. , Cullen D. M. , Müller-Gatermann C. , Beeton G. , Bowry M. , Dewald A. , Grahn T. , Greenlees P. T. , Illana A. , Julin R. , Juutinen S. , Keatings J. M. , Leino M. , Luoma M. , O’Donnell D. , Ojala J. , Pakarinen J. , Rahkila P. , Ruotsalainen P. , Sandzelius M. , Sarén J. , Sinclair J. , Smith J. F. , Sorri J. , Spagnoletti P. , Tann H. , Uusitalo J. , Zimba G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLifetime measurements in $$^{178}$$

178

Pt with excited states de-exciting through $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray transitions and internal electron conversions have been performed. Ionic charges were selected by the in-flight mass separator MARA and measured at the focal plane in coincidence with the $$4_1^+\rightarrow 2_1^+$$

4
1
+

→

2
1
+

$$257\,$$

257

keV $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray transition detected using the JUROGAM 3 spectrometer. The resulting charge-state distributions were analysed using the differential decay curve method (DDCM) framework to obtain a lifetime value of 430(20) ps for the $$2_1^+$$

2
1
+

state. This work builds on a method that combines the charge plunger technique with the DDCM analysis. As an alternative analysis, ions were selected in coincidence with the $$^{178}$$

178

Pt alpha decay ($$E_{\mathrm {alpha}} = 5.458(5)$$

E
alpha

=
5.458

(
5
)

MeV) at the focal plane. Lifetime information was obtained by fitting a two-state Bateman equation to the decay curve with the lifetime of individual states defined by a single quadrupole moment. This yielded a lifetime value of 430(50) ps for the $$2_1^+$$

2
1
+

state, and 54(6) ps for the $$4_1^+$$

4
1
+

state. An analysis method based around the Bateman equation will become especially important when using the charge plunger method for the cases where utilising coincidences between prompt $$\gamma $$
γ
rays and recoils is not feasible.
Approximate neutrino oscillations in the vacuum
Authors: Ciuffoli Emilio , Evslin Jarah , Mohammed Hosam 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIt is well known that neutrino oscillations may damp due to decoherence caused by the separation of mass eigenstate wave packets or by a baseline uncertainty of order the oscillation wave length. In this note we show that if the particles created together with the neutrino are not measured and do not interact with the environment, then the first source of decoherence is not present. This demonstration uses the saddle point approximation and also assumes that the experiment lasts longer than a certain threshold. We independently derive this result using the external wave packet model and also using a model in which the fields responsible for neutrino production and detection are treated dynamically. Intuitively this result is a consequence of the fact that the neutrino emission time does not affect the final state and so amplitudes corresponding to distinct emission times must be added coherently. This fact also implies that oscillations resulting from mass eigenstates which are detected simultaneously arise from neutrinos which were not created simultaneously but are nonetheless coherent, realizing the neutrino oscillation paradigm of Kobach, Manohar and McGreevy.
Low-frequency critical current noise in graphene Josephson junctions in the open-circuit gate voltage limit
Authors: Pellegrino Francesco M. D. , Falci Giuseppe , Paladino Elisabetta 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe investigate critical current noise in short ballistic graphene Josephson junctions in the open-circuit gate-voltage limit within the McWorther model. We find flicker noise in a wide frequency range and discuss the temperature dependence of the noise amplitude as a function of the doping level. At the charge neutrality point we find a singular temperature dependence $$T^{-3}$$

T

-
3

, strikingly different from the linear dependence expected for short ballistic graphene Josephson junctions under fixed gate voltage.
Sildenafil administration improves right ventricular function on 4D flow MRI in young adults born premature
Authors: Corrado Philip A. , Barton Gregory P. , Francois Christopher J. , Wieben Oliver , Goss Kara N. 
Published: April 2021

We assessed the effect of right ventricular afterload reduction with sildenafil and heart rate reduction with metoprolol on cardiac hemodynamics and function in young adults born premature using 4D flow MRI. Metoprolol depressed cardiac function, whereas sildenafil improved cardiac function including right ventricular direct flow fraction by 4D flow, consistent with hemodynamic improvement. This suggests that the preterm heart is dependent on heart rate and sensitive to right ventricular afterload changes.Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/behind-the-bench-episode-9 .
SLFN11 Inactivation Induces Proteotoxic Stress and Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme Inhibitor TAK-243
Authors: Murai Yasuhisa , Jo Ukhyun , Murai Junko , Jenkins Lisa M. , Huang Shar-Yin N. , Chakka Sirisha , Chen Lu , Cheng Ken , Fukuda Shinsaku , Takebe Naoko , Pommier Yves 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Schlafen11 (SLFN11) inactivation occurs in approximately 50% of cancer cell lines and in a large fraction of patient tumor samples, which leads to chemoresistance. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are needed to target SLFN11-deficient cancers. To that effect, we conducted a drug screen with the NCATS mechanistic drug library of 1,978 compounds in isogenic SLFN11-knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) leukemia cell lines. Here we report that TAK-243, a first-in-class ubiquitin activating enzyme UBA1 inhibitor in clinical development, causes preferential cytotoxicity in SLFN11-KO cells; this effect is associated with claspin-mediated DNA replication inhibition by CHK1 independently of ATR. Additional analyses showed that SLFN11-KO cells exhibit consistently enhanced global protein ubiquitylation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unfolded protein response (UPR), and protein aggregation. TAK-243 suppressed global protein ubiquitylation and activated the UPR transducers PERK, phosphorylated eIF2α, phosphorylated IRE1, and ATF6 more effectively in SLFN11-KO cells than in WT cells. Proteomic analysis using biotinylated mass spectrometry and RNAi screening also showed physical and functional interactions of SLFN11 with translation initiation complexes and protein folding machinery. These findings uncover a previously unknown function of SLFN11 as a regulator of protein quality control and attenuator of ER stress and UPR. Moreover, they suggest the potential value of TAK-243 in SLFN11-deficient tumors.

Significance:
This study uncovers that SLFN11 deficiency induces proteotoxic stress and sensitizes cancer cells to TAK-243, suggesting that profiling SLFN11 status can serve as a therapeutic biomarker for cancer therapy.
mTOR Activation Initiates Renal Cell Carcinoma Development by Coordinating ERK and p38MAPK
Authors: Wu Hongguang , He Dan , Biswas Soma , Shafiquzzaman Md , Zhou Xin , Charron Jean , Wang Yibin , Nayak Bijaya K. , Habib Samy L. , Liu Huijuan , Li Baojie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) mainly originates from renal proximal tubules. Intriguingly, disruption of genes frequently mutated in human RCC samples thus far has only generated RCC originated from other renal tubule parts in mouse models. This hampers our understanding of the pathogenesis of RCC. Here we show that mTOR signaling, often activated in RCC samples, initiates RCC development from renal proximal tubules. Ablation of Tsc1, encoding an mTOR suppressor, in proximal tubule cells led to multiple precancerous renal cysts. mTOR activation increased MEK1 expression and ERK activation, and Mek1 ablation or inhibition diminished cyst formation in Tsc1-deficient mice. mTOR activation also increased MKK6 expression and p38MAPK activation, and ablation of the p38α-encoding gene further enhanced cyst formation and led to RCC with clear cell RCC features. Mechanistically, Tsc1 deletion induced p53 and p16 expression in a p38MAPK-dependent manner, and deleting Tsc1 and Trp53 or Cdkn2a (encoding p16) enhanced renal cell carcinogenesis. Thus, mTOR activation in combination with inactivation of the p38MAPK–p53/p16 pathway drives RCC development from renal proximal tubules. Moreover, this study uncovers previously unidentified mechanisms by which mTOR controls cell proliferation and suggests the MEK–ERK axis to be a potential target for treatment of RCC.

Significance:
Mouse modeling studies show that mTOR activation in combination with inactivation of the p38MAPK–p53/p16 axis initiates renal cell carcinoma that mimics human disease, identifying potential therapeutic targets for RCC treatment.
Habitat association and hybridization in woodbrowns (Lethe nicetas, L. sidonis, & L. dakwania) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in Kedarnath Musk Deer Reserve, western Himalaya
Authors: Singh Arun Pratap , Singh Tribhuwan 
Published: April 2021

During the course of surveys carried out in Kedarnath Musk Deer Reserve (KMDR), Uttarakhand in 2006–2019, only three species of the genus Lethe: sub-group woodbrowns, L. nicetas, L. sidonis, & L. dakwania, were recorded. Amongst these were a few hybrids which were morphologically quite similar to L. nicetas. The reason for hybridization amongst these species may be overlapping habitat of L. sidonis with that of L. nicetas, in KMDR.
Redescription of the bug Aschistocoris brevicornis (Heteroptera: Coreidae) and first report on its life history from northern Maharashtra, India
Authors: Jadhav Digvijay R. , Khairnar Renuka R. , Sarode Balasaheb V. , Boyane Swapnil S. , Ghate Hemant V. 
Published: April 2021

We redescribe Aschistocoris brevicornis (Dallas, 1852) from northern Maharashtra, India, a species belonging to the tribe Homoeocerini (Heteroptera: Coreidae: Coreinae). Here we have provided detailed, well-illustrated morphology, including the male genitalia, and notes on its bionomics for the first time.
Hospitalization Costs and Outcomes of Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Liver Resections
Authors: Aziz Hassan , Hanna Kamil , Lashkari Nassim , Ahmad Noor-Us-Sabah , Genyk Yuri , Sheikh Mohd Raashid 
Published: April 2021

Introduction Most liver resections performed in the United States are open. With the ever-increasing role of robotic surgery, our study's role is to assess national outcomes based on the surgical approach. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the 2015 National Readmission Database (NRD). We selected patients undergoing open, laparoscopic, and robotic hepatectomy. Propensity score matching was performed to match the three groups in terms of demographics, hospital characteristics, and resection type. Our primary outcome was 6-month readmission rates and associated costs. Results 3,872 patients were included in the analysis (open = 3,420, laparoscopic = 343, and robotic = 109). Robotic liver resection has lower 6-month readmission rates (18.3%) than the laparoscopic (26.7%) and open (30%) counterparts. The robotic approach was more cost-effective ($127,716.56 ± 12,567.31) than the open ($157,880.82 ± 18,560.2) and laparoscopic approach ($152,060.78 ± 8,890.13) in terms of the total cost which includes cost per readmission. Conclusions There is a financial benefit of using robotics in terms of cost, hospital length of stay, and readmission rates in patients undergoing liver resection, cost.
No Difference in Morbidity or Mortality Between Octogenarians and Other Geriatric Burn Trauma Patients
Authors: Alpert Miriam , Grigorian Areg , Joe Victor , Chin Theresa L. , Bernal Nicole , Lekawa Michael , Satahoo Shevonne , Nahmias Jeffry 
Published: April 2021

Background Geriatric burn trauma patients (age ≥65 years) have a 5-fold higher mortality rate than younger adults. With the population of the US aging, the number of elderly burn and trauma patients is expected to increase. A past study using the National Burn Repository revealed a linear increase in mortality for those >65 years old. We hypothesized that octogenarians with burn and trauma injuries would have a higher rate of in-hospital complications and mortality, than patients aged 65-79 years old. Methods The Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2010-2016) was queried for burn trauma patients. To detect mortality risk a multivariable logistic regression model was used. Results From 282 patients, there were 73 (25.9%) octogenarians and 209 (74.1%) aged 65-79 years old. The two cohorts had similar median injury severity scores (16 vs. 15 in octogenarians, P = .81), total body surface area burned ( P = .30), and comorbidities apart from an increased smoking (12.9% vs. 4.1%, P = .04) and decreased hypertension (52.2% vs. 65.8%, P = .04) in the younger cohort. Octogenarians had similar complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis ( P > .05), and mortality (15.1% vs. 10.5%, P = .30), compared to the younger cohort. Octogenarians were not associated with an increased mortality risk (odds ratio 1.51, confidence interval 0.24-9.56, P = .67). Discussion Among burn trauma patients ≥65 years, age should not be a sole predictor for mortality risk. Continued research is necessary in order to determine more accurate approaches to prognosticate mortality in geriatric burn trauma patients, such as the validation and refinement of a burn-trauma-related frailty index.
Using a Back Exoskeleton During Industrial and Functional Tasks—Effects on Muscle Activity, Posture, Performance, Usability, and Wearer Discomfort in a Laboratory Trial
Authors: Luger Tessy , Bär Mona , Seibt Robert , Rieger Monika A. , Steinhilber Benjamin 
Published: April 2021

Objective To investigate the effect of using a passive back-support exoskeleton (Laevo V2.56) on muscle activity, posture, heart rate, performance, usability, and wearer comfort during a course of three industrial tasks (COU; exoskeleton worn, turned-on), stair climbing test (SCT; exoskeleton worn, turned-off), timed-up-and-go test (TUG; exoskeleton worn, turned-off) compared to no exoskeleton. Background Back-support exoskeletons have the potential to reduce work-related physical demands. Methods Thirty-six men participated. Activity of erector spinae (ES), biceps femoris (BF), rectus abdominis (RA), vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), trapezius descendens (TD) was recorded by electromyography; posture by trunk, hip, knee flexion angles; heart rate by electrocardiography; performance by time-to-task accomplishment (s) and perceived task difficulty (100-mm visual analogue scale; VAS); usability by the System Usability Scale (SUS) and all items belonging to domains skepticism and user-friendliness of the Technology Usage Inventory; wearer comfort by the 100-mm VAS. Results During parts of COU, using the exoskeleton decreased ES and BF activity and trunk flexion, and increased RA, GM, and TD activity, knee and hip flexion. Wearing the exoskeleton increased time-to-task accomplishment of SCT, TUG, and COU and perceived difficulty of SCT and TUG. Average SUS was 75.4, skepticism 11.5/28.0, user-friendliness 18.0/21.0, wearer comfort 31.1 mm. Conclusion Using the exoskeleton modified muscle activity and posture depending on the task applied, slightly impaired performance, and was evaluated mildly uncomfortable. Application These outcomes require investigating the effects of this passive back-supporting exoskeleton in longitudinal studies with longer operating times, providing better insights for guiding their application in real work settings.
Neuroergonomics on the Go: An Evaluation of the Potential of Mobile EEG for Workplace Assessment and Design
Authors: Wascher Edmund , Reiser Julian , Rinkenauer Gerhard , Larrá Mauro , Dreger Felix A. , Schneider Daniel , Karthaus Melanie , Getzmann Stephan , Gutberlet Marie , Arnau Stefan 
Published: April 2021

Objective We demonstrate and discuss the use of mobile electroencephalogram (EEG) for neuroergonomics. Both technical state of the art as well as measures and cognitive concepts are systematically addressed. Background Modern work is increasingly characterized by information processing. Therefore, the examination of mental states, mental load, or cognitive processing during work is becoming increasingly important for ergonomics. Results Mobile EEG allows to measure mental states and processes under real live conditions. It can be used for various research questions in cognitive neuroergonomics. Besides measures in the frequency domain that have a long tradition in the investigation of mental fatigue, task load, and task engagement, new approaches—like blink-evoked potentials—render event-related analyses of the EEG possible also during unrestricted behavior. Conclusion Mobile EEG has become a valuable tool for evaluating mental states and mental processes on a highly objective level during work. The main advantage of this technique is that working environments don’t have to be changed while systematically measuring brain functions at work. Moreover, the workflow is unaffected by such neuroergonomic approaches.
Risk assessment and its influencing factors of involuntary admission in patients with mental disorders in Shanghai, China
Authors: Ma Hua-Jian , Zheng Yu-Chen , Xie Bin , Shao Yang 
Published: April 2021

Background: The ‘risk criterion’ for involuntary admission (IA) has been adopted by Mental Health Law of the People’s Republic of China since 2013. How the new legal regulation influences daily practices in psychiatric institutes are still unclear. Aims: The present study sought to explore the application of risk criterion in IA cases; especially risk assessed by psychiatrists at admission and its influencing factors. Method: Socio-demographic and clinical data including risk assessment for admission of 3,529 involuntary admitted patients from two typical hospitals in Shanghai from 2013 to 2014 were consecutively collected. Personal information of psychiatrists who made admission assessment was collected separately. Results: Among the 3,529 cases, 1,890 (53.6%) were admitted because of actual harmful behaviors to self or others, while 1,639 (46.4%) were admitted with some kinds of risk, but 265 (7.5%) were admitted without any records on risk assessment checklists. Patients who were unemployed, of younger age, single status, diagnosed with schizophrenia were more likely to be admitted without any records on the checklist. Male gender, older age, and lower professional title are influencing factors that psychiatrists made no risk assessment records. Conclusions: The vast majority (92.5%) of risk assessment in IA patients were qualified in our study. In order to protect the legal rights of patients better, operational and reasonable procedures of risk assessment should be developed, such include more detailed rules to IA, systematic training of psychiatrists on IA assessment, mechanism improving doctor-patient relationship, and alternative mental health services for patients and so on.
Chhattisgarh community mental healthcare tele-mentoring program (CHaMP): Digitally driven initiative to reach the unreached
Authors: Ibrahim Ferose Azeez , Malathesh Barikar C , Gajera Gopi , Pandey Praveen , Nirisha P Lakshmi , Jyrwa Sonakshi , Kumar Channaveerachari Naveen , Manjunatha Narayana , Jain Sumi , Bairy Bhavya K , Bada Math Suresh 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Harnessing technology is one accepted method to leapfrog the barrier of inadequate trained human resources for mental health. The Chhattisgarh Community Mental Healthcare Tele-Mentoring Program (CHaMP) is a collaborative digitally driven initiative of the Government of Chhattisgarh (GOC) and the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru the aim of which is to train the Primary Care Doctors (PCDs) and Rural Medical Assistants (RMA) to identify, screen and treat/refer cases of mental health disorders presenting to the primary care settings ( n = 2150). The objective of this article is to give a brief overview of the initiative Methods: CHaMP consists of the following modules: (a) a brief on-site training (b) eLearning and Skill Development (eLSD) and (c) Collaborative Video Consultation (CVC). The latter two are andragogic training methods delivered digitally. Results and conclusion: From August 2019 to May 2020, 501 PCDs and RMAs have been covered. During this time, they have cared 15,000 patients suffering from mental illness, which hitherto was not the case. Technology that is easily available and usable has the potential to overcome the big hurdle of inadequate mental health human resources in India.
Time-dependent association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and hospitalization due to hyponatremia
Authors: Mannheimer Buster , Falhammar Henrik , Calissendorff Jan , Skov Jakob , Lindh Jonatan D 
Published: April 2021

Background: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have a wide and increasing use for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Previous studies have indicated an increased risk of hyponatremia during the first months of treatment. We aimed to investigate the detailed time-course of SSRI-associated hyponatremia with a high temporal resolution, using registry data encompassing the total Swedish population. Methods: This was a population-based case control study using several national registers. Patients hospitalized with a principal diagnosis of hyponatremia ( n = 11,213) were compared with matched controls ( n = 44,801). Multivariable regression was applied to explore time-dependent associations between SSRIs and hospitalization due to hyponatremia. Results: Individuals initiating treatment with SSRIs were exposed to an immediately increased risk for hospitalization at week 1, reaching an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (95% confidence interval) of 29 (19–46). The associations then gradually declined, reaching an aOR of 2.1 (1.0–4.2) by week 13. The aOR for individuals treated for longer than 13 weeks was 0.78 (0.71–0.85). Conclusions: This study revealed a dramatically increased risk of hyponatremia exclusively related to newly initiated treatment. Consequently, even subtle symptoms consistent with hyponatremia during the first weeks of SSRI treatment should prompt analysis of sodium levels. In patients treated with SSRIs for several months or years, other causes should primarily be sought in the event of hyponatremia.
Evaluation of a Telephone Version for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Establishing a Cutoff for Normative Data From a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Klil-Drori Sivan , Phillips Natalie , Fernandez Alita , Solomon Shelley , Klil-Drori Adi J. , Chertkow Howard 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Compare a telephone version and full version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a prospective study. A 20-point telephone version of MoCA (Tele-MoCA) was compared to the Full-MoCA and Mini Mental State Examination. Results: Total of 140 participants enrolled. Mean scores for language were significantly lower with Tele-MoCA than with Full-MoCA (P = .003). Mean Tele-MoCA scores were significantly higher for participants with over 12 years of education (P < .001). Cutoff score of 17 for the Tele-MoCA yielded good specificity (82.2%) and negative predictive value (84.4%), while sensitivity was low (18.2%). Conclusions: Remote screening of cognition with a 20-point Tele-MoCA is as specific for defining normal cognition as the Full-MoCA. This study shows that telephone evaluation is adequate for virtual cognitive screening. Our sample did not allow accurate assessment of sensitivity for Tele-MoCA in detecting MCI or dementia. Further studies with representative populations are needed to establish sensitivity.