bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impella compared to Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation In Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Propensity Score Matched Studies
Authors: Stub Dion , Chan William , Ball Jocasta , Burell Aidan , Ihle Josh , Theng Steven , Tsintzos Stelios , Kaye David M , Seage Tahlia , Mudge Mia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) and Impella, a transluminal microaxial ventricular assist device, are well-established in the management of cardiogenic shock. No randomised controlled trials (RCTs) directly compare Impella versus VA ECMO to inform their safety and efficacy in cardiogenic shock.

Purpose
This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of propensity score matched / adjusted studies to compare the clinical outcomes of Impella vs. VA ECMO in cardiogenic shock patients.

Methods
A systematic review was undertaken to identify comparative studies of Impella and VA ECMO in cardiogenic shock, which in the absence of RCTs, was limited to observational trials with propensity matched or adjusted outcomes to account for important confounding factors between populations. In-hospital/30-day survival and bleeding events requiring transfusion were meta-analysed using the random effects method.

Results
Five propensity score matched/adjusted studies comparing short-term survival following treatment with Impella vs. VA ECMO were included. A statistically significant difference in in-hospital/30-day mortality was detected between patients treated with Impella (39.6%) vs. VA ECMO (53.8%) (odds ratio [OR] 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.57 [0.44, 0.74]; p < 0.0001). Impella was associated with significantly fewer bleeding events requiring transfusion compared with VA ECMO (19.9% vs. 28.8%, respectively) (OR = 0.61 [0.46, 0.80]; p = 0.0004).

Conclusion
In the absence of RCTs, this meta-analysis of propensity matched/adjusted observational trials represents the highest level of evidence available to date. Impella was associated with improved short-term survival and decreased bleeding events compared to VA ECMO in patients with cardiogenic shock.
Mucosal Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction Assay Using Intestinal Lymphocytes as a Biomarker for Intestinal Transplant Tolerance Development
Authors: Gunes M. Esad , Patwardhan Satyajit , Hong Julie , Manell Elin , Jordache Philip , Chauhan Ishit , Almesallmy Ahmed , Fu Jianing , Sykes Megan , Weiner Joshua 
Published: February 2025

Background.
Intestinal transplantation (ITx) has the highest rate of rejection among solid organ grafts. We aimed to study the pathophysiology of rejection after ITx but lacked a tool for assessing cellular responses within the graft. Therefore, we developed a novel mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay to investigate immune responses in the graft.

Methods.
Intestinal samples were collected, decontaminated, and processed into single-cell suspensions from 9 swine and 2 patients that underwent ITx. Debris was removed using gradient centrifugation. The cells were plated with corresponding stimulator cells and incubated for 6 d before data acquisition and analysis.

Results.
Tolerant animals showed no anti-donor or anti-recipient responses in their graft mucosa but maintained strong anti–third-party responses, even after weaning immunosuppression. An animal with graft-versus-host disease displayed robust anti-recipient and anti–third-party responses but no anti-donor response. The animals with graft rejection maintained anti-donor responses at all timepoints. Finally, some tolerant animals developed “split tolerance,” with anti-donor responses in the peripheral blood but donor-specific hyporesponsiveness in the mucosal MLR, which regulatory T cells depletion suggested was attributable to local regulatory tolerance. When applied to human sample, this mucosal MLR reliably demonstrated self-tolerance with normal anti–third-party responsiveness.

Conclusions.
The novel mucosal MLR assay presented herein ± CD25 depletion serves as a useful adjunct for assessing immune responses within the intestinal graft mucosa. This could help elucidate immune responses after ITx in future studies, including our own, and could represent a promising tool for studying ITx tolerance development, guiding immunosuppression strategies, and advancing personalized transplant medicine.
Unraveling Molecular and Functional Responses Across 3 Lung Injury Models to Expand the Donor Lung Pool
Authors: Hirdman Gabriel , Stenlo Martin , Bèchet Nicholas Burdon , Niroomand Anna , Mittendorfer Margareta , Wang Qi , Edström Dag , Ghaidan Haider , Kjellström Sven , Pierre Leif , Olm Franziska , Hyllén Snejana , Lindstedt Sandra 
Published: February 2025

Background.
Lung transplantation remains hampered by a scarcity of viable donor lungs, partially attributed to donor lung injuries.

Methods.
Three porcine lung injury models were studied: infection-induced using lipopolysaccharide (n = 7), aspiration-induced using endotracheal gastric content (n = 7), and injury using lavage and harmful ventilation (ventilator-induced lung injury; n = 7). Molecular and functional changes from before and after the establishment of lung injury were examined with histopathology, immunohistochemistry, cytokine levels, hemodynamics, and mass spectrometric analysis of lung tissue. The respiratory tract lining fluid was analyzed using exhaled breath particles.

Results.
T-cell proliferation and suppression of complement activation were unique to the gastric injury, whereas the ventilator-induced lung injury group displayed a unique activation of monocyte chemotaxis. The lipopolysaccharide injury exhibited an activation of stress response proteins. Alterations in the extracellular matrix, particularly the degradation of collagen type IV and increased elastin expression, were identified as a consistent indicator of acute lung injury. Additionally, increases in exhaled particles and differential expression of proteins in the respiratory tract lining fluid correlated with deteriorating lung function.

Conclusions.
Molecular analysis of the lung indicated distinct key differences and similarities of donor lung injury phenotypes. Analysis of various donor lung injuries suggests a heightened emphasis on the extracellular matrix for the restoration and rejuvenation of damaged donor lungs.
State of health of the gut microbiome assessed through a quantitative metabolomic-based marker panel
Authors: DeLeon Orlando , Frith Mary , Sidebottom Ashley M , Koval Jason , Lolans Karen , Ceccato Hugo D , Cham Candace M , Fei Na , Wall Elizabeth , Kupfer Sonia , Sims Arial , Pierre Joseph F , Chang Eugene B 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDefining the “health” of the gut microbiome or microbial organ has been elusive and controversial. This in turn makes defining gut dysbiosis (imbalances in gut microbiota) an enigma particularly in determining what, how, and when to intervene to restore eubiosis. Taxonomical profiles of gut microbiota have typically been used but are unreliable because of highly variable interindividual taxa and arbitrary functional assignments generalized to microbial groups. We therefore developed a functional metabolomic marker panel, selected through a supervised, machine-learning approach, using a healthy adult discovery cohort. The panel’s performance and utility were evaluated individually and together using a composite Z score through; (1) two validation cohorts of self-described healthy adults, 2) a large, external inflammatory bowel disease cohort, and 3) a patient with functional bowel disease to direct dietary intervention. The findings of this study provide proof of concept that quantitative functional profiles of the gut microbiome can be useful in assessing the health of the gut microbiome and for clinical application.
A new approach to estimating HIV incidence and the size of the infected and undiagnosed population in high immigration settings
Authors: Kunkel Amber , Cazein Françoise , Lot Florence , Muzzolon Julie , Pantazis Nikos , Alioum Amadou 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMost current approaches to estimating HIV incidence and the size of the undiagnosed population do not account for pre-migration infections, although these represent a substantial fraction of new diagnoses in some European countries. We propose a new approach to estimating these indicators that explicitly accounts for migration. First, we use an existing Bayesian model to estimate delays between infection and diagnosis for each newly diagnosed individual, and classify those born abroad into pre- or post-migration infections. Second, for native-born individuals and those with post-migration infections, we use a repurposed regression model to describe the global distribution of delays between infection and diagnosis, and estimate HIV incidence. For people with pre-migration infections, the same model is used to describe the delays between migration and diagnosis, and subsequently estimate the number of arriving migrants with undiagnosed HIV. Finally, these estimates are combined to estimate the number of people in the country with undiagnosed HIV. When applied to simulated data inspired by the French HIV surveillance system, the new model appropriately corrects for pre-migration HIV infections and produces estimates of HIV incidence, arrival of people with undiagnosed HIV, and the size of the undiagnosed population that are similar to the true simulated values.
Impact of a Decision aid on Perceptions of Shared Decision-Making in the Primary Care Management of Patients with Subacromial Pain Syndrome: a two-phased multi-methods study
Authors: Bengtsen Samantha C , Rathleff Michael S , Zadro Joshua R , Olesen Jens L , Foster Nadine E , Thomsen Janus L , Elwyn Glyn , Søndergaard Jens , Lyng Kristian D 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundSubacromial pain syndrome (SAPS) is the most common shoulder pain condition in primary care). Although exercise is the recommended first-line treatment, the absence of a universally superior option underscores the need for personalized care facilitated by shared decision-making (SDM). Despite the importance of SDM is increasingly recognized, its application in SAPS care remains poorly understood. The primary aim of this study was to explore the influence of a decision aid on patient and observer perceptions of SDM in the primary care management of patients with SAPS. Furthermore, the study aimed to explore correlations between patients’ and observers’ ratings of SDM.MethodsWe conducted a multi-methods study including observations of consenting patients with SAPS in their clinical consultations with clinicians from four Danish primary care practices, using OPTION-12. Additionally, we gathered patients’ perceptions of SDM two weeks after the consultation using an online survey using the 3-item CollaboRATE questionnaire and the 9-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9). We observed consultations both with and without the introduction of a decision aid tailored to support the management of patients with SAPS.ResultsThirty-four consultations were observed (16 with the decision aid, 18 without). Without the decision aid, the mean (SD) OPTION-12 score was low 10.5 + 3.3, and the median (IQR) CollaboRATE and mean (SD) SDM-Q-9 scores were 5 (IQR = 1.3) and 22.2 + 7.5, respectively. We observed higher scores in the consultations with the decision aid; the mean (SD, range) OPTION-12 score statistically significantly increased to 22.7 (6.87, 5-32), and the median (IQR) CollaboRATE and mean (SD) SDM-Q-9 scores were 6.5 (1.4) and 30.6 + 8.4, respectively. There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between patients’ and observers’ ratings of OPTION-12 and SDM-Q-9 scores across both phases. No significant correlation was found between CollaboRATE, OPTION-12, and SDM-Q-9 in either phase.ConclusionA decision aid significantly improved observer- and patient-rated SDM in primary care consultations for patients with SAPS. Observer-rated SDM scores more than doubled with the decision aid, and patients reported higher levels of SDM. These findings highlight the potential of decision aids to enhance SDM in SAPS care.
Aedes albopictusis rapidly invading its climatic niche in France: wider implications for biting nuisance and arbovirus control in Western Europe
Authors: Radici Andrea , Hammami Pachka , Cannet Arnaud , L’Ambert Grégory , Lacour Guillaume , Fournet Florence , Garros Claire , Guis Hélène , Fontenille Didier , Caminade Cyril 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Asian tiger mosquito,Aedes albopictus,is a competent vector of arboviruses, such as dengue. After its introduction into southern Europe, this invasive species has been rapidly spreading as well as causing autochthonous cases of arboviral diseases. BothAe. albopictuspresence and potential to transmit arboviruses are facilitated at warm temperatures, hence global warming is expected to favor their presence in temperate regions.We use a climate- and environmental-driven mechanistic modelling framework to investigate the impact of recent climate change onAe. albopictusrange expansion and its potential to transmit dengue in Western Europe. We simulate climatic suitability, adult density and dengue transmission risk which we compare with a large ensemble of entomological and epidemiological observations over the past 20 years. Most importantly, we analyze a novel dataset about colonization of French municipalities to estimate the spread rate ofAe. albopictusand compare it with model predictions. Lastly, we analyze the sensitivity of entomological and epidemiological risk to changes in temperature, rainfall and human density.Distribution of both simulated mosquito populations and dengue transmission risk satisfactorily match entomological and dengue observations for Western Europe (AUC = 0.90 and 0.75 respectively). While lowlands in southern Europe were already climatically suitable for hostingAe. albopictusaround 2010, Western France, together with large populated cities such as London, Zagreb and Vienna, have only become suitable recently. Importantly, the accelerating colonization ofAe. albopictusin France may be approaching its theoretical climatic suitability limit, which could determine future expansion. Area at risk of local dengue transmission has recently expanded from the Mediterranean coasts over northern Spain and Western France. The sensitivity analysis suggests that climate change may expose medium-sized cities to the highest epidemiological risk; this finding is consistent with recently reported dengue outbreaks in Italy and southern France.
Benchmarking long-read genome assemblers for three sequencing protocols and three agricultural species
Authors: Birbes Clément , Dréau Andreea , Milan Denis , Iampietro Carole , Gaspin Christine , Donnadieu Cécile , Zytnicki Matthias , Klopp Christophe 
Published: February 2025

AbstractToday, long read technologies make it possible to produce telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies. These assemblies permit more accurate whole genome analyses, including on repeated regions.The genome assembly process can chain several steps such as read correction, contigs assembly, contig polishing, scaffolding and gap filling, among others. Each step usually requires at least one software package, and input sequences. For the end user, it is not necessarily clear which combination of tools, together with read types, will work best for a given genome.In this work, we will focus on contig production, which is a central and complex task of the assembly process. It aims at producing the longest, errorless, sequences, calledcontigs, from reads. While it is possible to produce contigs from short reads, long reads are now widely preferred, since they produce much longer contigs.In this work, we evaluate several contig producing software packages (usually namedassemblers), on long reads generated by two sequencers using three protocols, for three eukaryotic, complex species with different characteristics. Our aim is twofold. First, we would like to give readers insight on the impact of sequencing technology and assembler combinations, in order to help them make their choice for a given genome. Second, we would like to present different assembly metrics and provide a critical view on their interpretation.
Nano formulation development and antibacterial activity ofcinnamon bark extract-chitosancomposites againstburkholderia glumae, the causative agent ofbacterial panicle blightin rice
Authors: Mohammed-Naji Qamar , Zulperi Dzarifah , Ahmad Khairulmazmi , Hata Erneeza Mohd 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBacterial panicle blight (BPB) disease, caused byBurkholderia glumae, poses a significant threat to rice production. Conventional chemical control methods contribute to environmental concerns and resistance issues, necessitating the development of sustainable alternatives. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate cinnamon bark extract-chitosan (CBE-CS) nano formulations for antibacterial efficacy againstBurkholderia glumae. First, the antibacterial activity of cinnamon bark extract (CBE) was assessed, revealing a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 μg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 μg/mL. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed significant bacterial cell wall damage, cytoplasmic leakage, and structural degradation after treatment. Chemical characterization of CBE using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) identified key active compounds, with (Z)-3-phenylacryldehyde as the major component (51.24%). Next, nano formulations of CBE-CS were developed, and their physicochemical properties were characterized, including particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (33.9%), and loading capacity (48.78%). Antibacterial assessments demonstrated that the nano formulations effectively inhibitedBurkholderia. glumae. Finally, greenhouse trials on rice seedlings confirmed the efficacy of these nano formulations in controlling BPB disease, showing significant bacterial suppression and improved plant health. These findings suggest that CBE-CS nanoparticles offer a promising, eco-friendly alternative for managing bacterial blight in rice, providing both effective antibacterial activity and enhanced plant protection.
NeuroDISK: An AI Approach to Automate Continuous Inquiry-Driven Discoveries in Neuroimaging Genetics
Authors: Garijo Daniel , Yang Qifan , Vargas Hernán , Gadewar Shruti P. , Low Kevin , Ratnakar Varun , Osorio Maximiliano , Zhu Alyssa H. , McMahon Agnes , Gil Yolanda , Jahanshad Neda 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCollaborative and multi-site neuroimaging studies have greatly accelerated the rate at which new and existing data can be aggregated to answer a neuroscientific question. New research initiatives are continuously collecting more data, allowing opportunities to refine previous published findings through continuous and dynamic updates. Yet, we lack a practical framework for researchers to systematically, automatically, and continuously update published findings. We developed NeuroDISK, an automated artificial intelligence based framework that: 1) performs automated and inquiry-driven analyses, and 2) continuously updates these analyses as new data becomes available. NeuroDISK was evaluated using published results from the ENIGMA consortium’s work on the genetic architecture of the cerebral cortex. We incorporate both meta-analysis and meta-regression options to showcase our framework on the effect of specific genotypes and moderators on select brain regions. Initial NeuroDISK meta-analysis results replicate the original publication, and we show result updates after adding new data. The NeuroDISK framework can be generalized for users to define question(s), run corresponding workflow(s) and access results interactively and continuously.
How Much Time Do Surgeons Spend Operating?
Authors: Andrade Nicholas S. 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAlthough surgeons participate in various clinical activities, performing surgery is their unique specialized function. Despite this, the fundamental metric of time spent operating remains unexplored.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed operating room cases performed by surgeons who worked full-time for a full calendar year in two general hospitals. The operating time (from start to stop of the procedure) was extracted from electronic medical records for all cases from 2021 to 2024.Results263 surgeon-years were analyzed across 14 specialties. Surgeons spent a median of 451 hours operating annually (range 52-1160 hours) and performed a median of 414 cases (49-1381 cases). Annual operating time varied tenfold across specialties, from Cardiothoracic surgery (856 hours) to Podiatry (87 hours).ConclusionSurgeons spend about a quarter of their work time performing their uniquely trained function. The substantial variation within and between specialties suggests opportunities to optimize surgical workforce utilization. Understanding the determinants of operating time and sustainable surgical workload could improve healthcare system efficiency and surgical care delivery.
Genomewide Screen Identifies Peroxisomal Role in APOL1 Podocytopathy
Authors: Kim Jiyoung , Karel Isaac Z , Song Huijuan , Dewalt Megan , Orwick Shelley , Buelow Daelynn R. , Lee Kendyll , Brodsky Sergey V , Blissett Angie , Cocucci Ema , Baker Sharyn D. , Lin Pei-Hui , Pabla Navjot S. , Madhavan Sethu M 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe G1 and G2 variants of the APOL1 gene increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals of African descent. In the presence of secondary stressors such as inflammation and hypoxia, these gain-of-function variants can induce podocyte dysfunction and cell death through mechanisms that are not fully understood. To identify genes that influence the cytotoxic effects of APOL1 variants under hypoxic conditions, we conducted a comprehensive whole-genome RNA interference (RNAi) screen. We found that silencing several peroxisomal (PEX) genes significantly intensified the cytotoxicity associated with the G1 and G2 variants, revealing the previously unknown role of peroxisomes in APOL1-related cytotoxicity. Importantly, enhancing peroxisomal function through both genetic and pharmacological approaches led to a significant reduction in cytotoxicity linked to these variants. We also identified a peroxisomal targeting signal at the C-terminus of APOL1 that facilitates its translocation to peroxisomes during hypoxia, and mutations in this signal were found to reduce the cytotoxic effects of the variants. Collectively, our findings underscore the importance of peroxisomal function in the pathogenesis of CKD associated with APOL1 variants and suggest that targeting peroxisomes may represent an effective therapeutic strategy to mitigate CKD risk in vulnerable populations.TRANSLATIONAL STATEMENTPeroxisomal function is necessary to protect from APOL1 (kidney risk variant) KRV-mediated cytotoxicity in the presence of hypoxia, and targeting peroxisomes may represent an effective therapeutic strategy to mitigate CKD risk.