bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIFITAS SENAM HAMIL SEBAGAI PELAYANAN PRENATAL DALAM MENURUNKAN KECEMASAN MENGHADAPI PERSALINAN DESA MOYAG KECAMATAN KOTAMOBAGU TIMUR KOTA KOTAMOBAGU
Authors: Muzayyana Muzayyana , Saleh Sitti Nurul Hikma , Hamza St. Rahmawati , Agustin Agustin 
Published: August 2021

Senam merupakan olahraga terbaik yang dapat dilakukan oleh ibu hamil menjelang persalinannya. Salah satu jenis senam yang ditujukan bagi ibu hamil adalah senam hamil, Senam hamil adalah terapi latihan gerak untuk mempersiapkan ibu hamil, secara fisik atau mental, pada persalinan cepat, aman, dan spontan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian yaitu model praktik edukasi kelompok dengan teknik ceramah, dan diskusi. Lokasi pelaksanaan di Desa Moyag, Kotamobagu Timur, Kota Kotamobagu, pada bulan Desember 2020, selama 7 hari. Proses hamil merupakan hal yang normal pada kehidupan seseorang khususnya pada wanita, dalam proses hamil beberapa kemungkinan akan terjadi berbagai perubahan pada wanita hamil antaranya yaitu terjadi penambahan volume pada rahim (Uterus). Perubahan volume pada uterus dalam proses kehamilan menimbulkan perubahan posisi pada pusar tubuh, perubahan bentuk tubuh, serta perubahan bentuk pada tulang spinal dan dapat berakibat lordosis. Kegiatan senam dalam proses kehamilan sebagai bentuk pencegahan agar memudahkan proses dalam persalinan ibu hamil atau melancarkan proses persalinan ibu hamil secara alami dan mengurangi tingkat risiko cedera, pelayanan ANC menjadi di indonesia telah memprogramkan senam ibu hamil yang dapat diselenggarakan oleh setiap organisasi penyedia layanan kesehatan yang ada di indonesia. Kegiatan edukasi ibu hamil dimulai dengan pemberian materi kepada setiap ibu hamil dengan harapan ibu hamil dapat memahami metode atau gerakan yang dapat di lakukan dalam masa kehamilan.
OUTCOME AND ROOTS OF EARLY MARRIAGES IN GILGIT-BALTISTAN: A QUANTITATIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Baig Saima , Ullah Asmat 
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to find out the causes and outcome of the early marriages in the light of victims and gatekeepers observations. However, one-third of under-aged girls in the developing countries are married before the age of 18 years. Although in Northern areas of Pakistan, early marriage is a very common problem in both gender, especially, in Gilgit-Baltistan and the ratio is higher than any other part of the country. Moreover, in this region, early marriage is prevailed due to traditional customs, religious dominance and supernatural evil. The present study chose two categories, first category for victims which includes respondents of age group from 10 to 40 years old and married before 18 years of age. The second category was chosen for interpretation of the community gatekeepers. We utilized a quantitative survey method to collect data from each district and examined 200 sample. A sample is divided into two groups, the victim's group includes 150 respondents and the group of gatekeepers includes 50 sample size. The tailor-made close-ended questionnaire was designed for the collection of data. Beside this, a Likert scale was also used for Professionals.
There is a need to take some serious steps to eliminate this social disease which promotes the illiteracy, poverty, crime, economic burden, terrorism, domestic violence and rapid increase in population which is surmounting challenges in the pathway of regional development. Early marriage has psychological, physical and economic consequences; most girls remain unable to complete their primary and secondary education and also have the negative impact on their health.
MULTI-HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT OF QURUMBAR VALLEY, GHIZER, GILGIT BALTISTAN, PAKISTAN
Authors: Shah S. K. Ali , Khan G. , Ali S. , Qureshi J. A. , Habib N. , Khan A. 
Published: August 2021

Being located in a seismically active zone, these mountain valleys are exposed to different hydro-meteorological hazards like rockfall, debris flow, landslide, ice avalanches, and glacial lake outburst flood (GLOFs). The present study is to investigate different multi-hazards and their prevailing risk in the particular area of Qurumbar valley Ishkoman. In the mid-nineteen and twenty centuries at least six devastating glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) has been recorded, initially, only the Qurumbar glacier was considered as the main cause of this outburst flood, later field investigation and interview from local inhabitant revealed that nine more tributary glacier are existing in the area. The recent outburst of flood in the Badswat area of Qurumbar Ishkoman is also considerable, submerging 12 houses and a stretch of roads. Apart from it, the physical vulnerability of the area is increasing, as new areas are being used for housing with the increase in population. The study area is exposed to several other natural hazards like rock fall, debris flows, ice avalanches, and bank erosion. The present study is based on quantitative and qualitative approaches in assistance with GIS/RS an emergent application. The following methodologies were adapted to gather the primary and secondary data for GIS/RS processing. The primary data comprises GIS data and procurement and development and field data. The field data contain ground-truthing /validation. The community-based Hazard Vulnerability Risk Assessment (HVRA) was also carried out to know about human perception. Secondary data has been collected from different literature. Both the data were put into GIS for the processing which gives us our final developmental tools in the form of maps. The hazard and risk map of the Qurumbar Ishkoman depict that flash floods, debris flow, bank erosion, and GLOFs account for major hazards in Qurumbar valley. It is concluded based on our outcomes i.e., hazard and risk maps that earthquake is the main hazard of the area while flash floods, GLOFs, debris flow, bank erosion and the bank collapsed are the main hazards of the area. It is very important to systematically integrate map information into the planning and management process which contributes to a safer environment.
Vernietigende arresten
Authors: van den Akker Sam 
Published: August 2021

The Dutch Supreme Court and penal conditions
The Dutch Supreme Court has the power to destroy a penal condition if a lower court imposes those conditions contrary to the law. Problems may arise when the Supreme Court solely destroys the condition. In that case there is no longer an imposed condition, which can be contrary to the meaning of the lower court. It can even derogate the imposed sentence, whilst the convicted is not obligated to conform to those conditions. That problem can – in extreme cases – harm society. Even so can be said that those decisions of the Supreme Court are not in favor of the convicted.
Bezint eer ge begint: de beraadtermijn voor abortus in gezondheidsrechtelijk perspectief
Authors: de Bree J.K. 
Published: August 2021

Bezint eer ge begint: de beraadtermijn voor abortus in gezondheidsrechtelijk perspectief
In dit artikel wordt beargumenteerd waarom de wettelijke beraadtermijn van vijf dagen voor uitvoering van een abortus niet langer past in het huidige maatschappelijke en juridische kader, wordt de kritiek hierop behandeld en wordt, in lijn met het recente wetsvoorstel hieromtrent, gepleit voor invoering van een flexibele beraadtermijn.
Wijzigingen Wet BIG in de praktijk: taken van het College Medisch Toezicht naar de tuchtcolleges en de nieuwe verwijsbevoegdheid van de tuchtcolleges naar de inspectie
Authors: de Groot I. 
Published: August 2021

Wijzigingen Wet BIG in de praktijk: taken van het College Medisch Toezicht naar de tuchtcolleges en de nieuwe verwijsbevoegdheid van de tuchtcolleges naar de inspectie
Ter verbetering van het tuchtrecht zijn diverse zaken in de Wet BIG aangepast. Het betreft onder meer de overgang van de taken van het CMT naar de tuchtcolleges en de verwijsbevoegdheid van de tuchtcolleges naar de inspectie. In dit artikel wordt erbij stilgestaan welke gevolgen de wijzigingen hebben voor de praktijk.
Book Review of: “International Trade Policies in the Era of Globalization”, Ahu Coşkun Özer (Ed)
Authors: Ghosh Sudeshna 
Published: August 2021

Book Review of: “International Trade Policies in the Era of Globalization”, Ahu Coşkun Özer (Ed). IGI Global. 2019. pp.363. ISBN13: 9781522595663 DOI:10.4018/978-1-5225-9566-3.
Response of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes against Collar Rot Disease Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
Authors: Babariya Vishruta D. , Nath Kedar 
Published: August 2021

Aims: Collar rot is a fast spreading and destructive disease and is becoming more serious at seedling stage causing rot at collar region especially in area where paddy based cropping system is followed. Lack of sources of resistant in present cultivar against Sclerotium rolfsii cause serious threat to chickpea production. Therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate the chickpea genotypes against S. rolfsii to the identification of resistant sources for further breeding program.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two replications were used.
Place and Duration of Study: Regional Rice Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Vyara, between October 2019 to April 2020.
Methodology: Pathogen was isolated from infected collar region of chickpea plant by directly transfer of sclerotia and infected bits on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. After purification, pathogen was identified by observed the colony character and sclerotia formation. The morphological characters viz., mycelial growth and mycelial characteristic were studied under high power magnification (40X) and sclerotia formation, shape and colour were studied under low power magnification (10X) from 10 days old culture. 39 chickpea genotypes were used for the studies. A field experiment was conducted during Rabi -2019-20 season. The inoculum was thoroughly broadcasted in soil @ 10g/ row. Germination per cent and disease incidence were observed.
Results: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) collar rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. was exhibited initial white fluffy mycelium appearance on potato dextrose agar medium. Microscopic view of mycelium was hyaline, branching, compact with septate and had a clamp connection. White sclerotia were formed after 4th days of incubation and later within 10 days after incubation it became mature and colour changed from brown to dark brown. Sclerotia appeared shiny due to presence of gummy material. Out of 39 chickpea genotypes only five viz., GJG-1713, GG-6, GJG-1509, Phule Vikram and JGK-1 were identified as moderate resistant against collar rot disease caused by S. rolfsii under inoculums inoculated rice fellow cropping system.
Conclusion: Chickpea genotypes viz., GJG-1713, GG-6, GJG-1509, Phule Vikram and JGK-1 were showed moderate resistant reaction against collar rot disease caused by S. rolfsii.
Influence of post‐appreciation environment on the memory of visual art ‐toward an impressive exhibition planning at museums
Authors: Kim Dukwoo , Yokoyama Yurika 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, we focus on the environment at the museum after the appreciation of art. We conducted an experiment, in which participants were instructed to watch short films and then perform one out of three activities (Activity ‐ A: Sitting, B: Walking, C: Talking quietly with the experimenter). According to the latent memory test following each activity, the participants recalled the content in elaborate detail after either sitting calmly (A) or walking (B) rather than after talking (C). This proved that even though the content is the same, the depth of the impression varies according to the activity performed after the appreciation.
More severe stress markers in the teeth of flanged versus unflanged orangutans (Pongo spp.)
Authors: Kralick Alexandra E. , McGrath Kate 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe compared an early life stress indicator, linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH), in the canine teeth of two male orangutan (Pongo spp.) morphs. Flanged males have large bi‐discoid cheek pads and a laryngeal throat pouch, and they exhibit either the same or higher levels of the stress hormone cortisol throughout development compared with unflanged males, which lack secondary sexual characteristics. Such “developmental arrest” is hypothesized to either reflect a response to experienced high stress (Hypothesis 1), or an adaptation to avoid elevated stress levels and/or having experienced lower stress levels (Hypothesis 2) during early life. As LEH defect depth has been shown to reflect the severity (i.e., intensity and/or duration) of early life stress events, we examined whether unflanged males have shallower LEH defects than flanged males.Materials and methodsFlanging status was assessed by measuring the faces of preserved skins. Canine height (N = 37) was measured in the same individuals to assess commonality between morphs. LEH defect depths were analyzed using a standardized confocal profilometry method (N = 34).ResultsFlanged males have significantly deeper LEH defects than unflanged adult males. Canine projected crown heights are similar across males regardless of morph.ConclusionsEvidence from great apes shows that, when comparing canines with similar growth patterns, deeper defects reflect more severe stress events during development. Thus, our results suggest that “developmental arrest” of unflanged males is not a response to having experienced stress, but rather an adaptation to avoid the physiological impacts associated with chronic stress and/or experiencing lower stress levels.
2D Silicate Materials for Composite Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Tang Hui , Sun Mingxuan , Wang Chengliang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) silicate materials have become one of the promising candidates for constructing composite polymer electrolytes due to their advantages of low cost, high stability, good mechanical property, high ionic conductivity and potential to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites. However, the application of 2D silicate materials in composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) is still at the infancy stage and facing a lot of challenges. In this minireview, we summarize the structures and properties of 2D silicate materials that have been applied in CPEs, the processing methods of composite electrolytes based on 2D silicates, and the recent process of 2D silicate materials in CPEs. We hope this review could present a general overview of the 2D silicates for CPEs and promote the further study for potential applications.
Effect of Lewis Basic Amine Site on Proton Reduction Activity of NNN‐Co Pincer Complex
Authors: Song Seungjin , Cho Jaewhan , Jo Hyeonjeong , Lee Junseong , Choi Jun‐Ho , Seo Junhyeok 
Published: August 2021

Electrochemical proton reduction is a promising energy storage method because H2 molecule has a simple structure with a relatively low potential energy. Current interest in hydrogen catalysts has increased research efforts on synthetic analogs of hydrogenase active sites. In this study, we demonstrated the electrochemical H2 evolution reactivity of [NNNR‐Co(CH3CN)3]2+ (R  CH2 (1b), NCH3 (2b)) complexes and examined a proton‐relay process in the H2 evolution reaction (HER). Upon one‐electron reduction, the Co(II) ion center in a high‐spin state dissociated a CH3CN ligand, while opening a reaction site. Cyclic voltammograms of the Co complexes indicated quasi‐reversible Co(II/I) redox behaviors, and both complexes 1b and 2b showed catalytic H2 evolution activity. Interestingly, 2b, assisted by a proton‐relaying NCH3 group, exhibited more efficient catalytic activity than 1b.
Newborn anatomy
Authors: Vilensky Joel A. , Suárez‐Quian Carlos A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNewborn anatomy, despite being distinctly different than adult anatomy, does not constitute a major component of a typical medical school course in gross anatomy. Accordingly, there is a perception that other than the well‐known late 20th‐century atlas and small textbook by Edmund Crelin on newborn anatomy, there is almost no information available for anatomists and clinicians to refer to on normal infant anatomy. This perception, as verbalized by Crelin in his books, is not correct. There is an amazing wealth of accurate descriptive and pictorial information on infant anatomy available from late 19th‐ and early 20th‐century sources. One of these sources is a comprehensive 200‐page chapter on pediatric anatomy by Richard Scammon that was published in 1923 and that is freely available. Because of some inconsistencies and inaccuracies we have identified in the Crelin works, we suggest that any anatomist or clinician who wishes to learn and teach about infant anatomy refer to Scammon's chapter before using any text or image from the Crelin books.
Predicting the immune landscape of invasive breast carcinoma based on the novel signature of immune‐related lncRNA
Authors: Shen Shuang , Chen Xin , Hu Xiaochi , Huo Jinlong , Luo Libo , Zhou Xuezhi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe composition of the population of immune‐related long non‐coding ribonucleic acid (irlncRNA) generates a signature, irrespective of expression level, with potential value in predicting the survival status of patients with invasive breast carcinoma.MethodsThe current study uses univariate analysis to identify differentially expressed irlncRNA (DEirlncRNA) pairs from RNA‐Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). 36 pairs of DEirlncRNA pairs were identified. Using various algorithms to construct a model, we have compared the area under the curve and calculated the 5‐year curve of Akaike information criterion (AIC) values, which allows determination of the threshold indicating the maximum value for differentiation. Through cut‐off point to establish the optimal model for distinguishing high‐risk or low‐risk groups among breast cancer patients. We assigned individual patients with invasive breast cancer to either high risk or low risk groups depending on the cut‐off point, re‐evaluated the tumor immune cell infiltration, the effectiveness of chemotherapy, immunosuppressive biomarkers, and immunotherapy.ResultsAfter re‐assessing patients according to the threshold, we demonstrated an effective means of distinguish the severity of the disease, and identified patients with different clinicopathological characteristics, specific tumor immune infiltration states, high sensitivity to chemotherapy,wellpredicted response to immunotherapy and thus a more favorable survival outcome.ConclusionsThe current study presents novel findings regarding the use of irlncRNA without the need to predict precise expression levels in the prognosis of breast cancer patients and to indicate their suitability for anti‐tumor immunotherapy.
Application of Artificial Neural Networks in the Tertiary Treatment of Liquid Effluent with the Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Carvalho Yasmin O. , Oliveira> Weverton V. , Pagano Rogério L. , Silva Cristina F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractModeling of biotechnological processes is difficult due to their nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, an artificial neural network was developed as a viable option for the prediction of the main variables of the tertiary treatment with Chlorella vulgaris. The network was designed with a hyperbolic tangent activation function and trained using a set of experimental and simulated data. The Levenberg‐Marquardt algorithm was used to train the network; four input neurons (luminosity, ammonium ion, phosphate, and initial biomass concentrations) and two output neurons (ammonium ion and phosphate concentrations) were fixed. The network architecture with one hidden layer [4,7,2] was chosen because it presented the lowest mean square error of the test combined with high R2, indicating that the network provides a good model for use in real applications.
Disparities in phase 1 cancer clinical trial enrollment
Authors: Perni Subha , Moy Beverly , Nipp Ryan D. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPhase 1 trials are increasingly important in the molecularly driven era of oncology, but few studies have examined phase 1 participation disparities. The authors of this study investigated factors associated with phase 1 versus phase 2/3 trial enrollment.MethodsThey authors conducted a cross‐sectional study using serial samples of patients age ≥18 years enrolling on cancer trials from October 2011 to November 2014 at an academic cancer center. They used univariable and multivariable logistic regression models to analyze sociodemographic and clinical associations with phase 1 versus phase 2/3 trial enrollment.ResultsAmong 3103 patients enrolled in cancer trials, 2657 unique patients participated in phase 1/2/3 trials. For patients enrolled in phase 1 (n = 1401) versus phase 2/3 (n = 1256) trials, we found no significant differences by age, insurance status, marital status, and income. Overall, 1216 (93%) White, 72 (6%) Asian, and 21 (2%) Black patients enrolled on phase 1 trials, whereas 1068 (93%) White, 40 (3%) Asian, and 43 (4%) Black patients enrolled on phase 2/3 trials. Adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance status, marital status, income, cancer type, disease status, travel distance, and trial year, compared with White patients, Black patients had lower phase 1 enrollment (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25‐0.82), as did Hispanic/Latino (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.08‐0.79) and male patients (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62‐0.94). Asian patients had higher phase 1 enrollment (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.88‐2.16).ConclusionsDisparities in phase 1 versus phase 2/3 cancer clinical trial enrollment underscore the urgent need for interventions addressing inequities in early‐phase trial participation.Lay Summary

Phase 1 trials are of increasing importance in oncology.

The authors of the study analyzed all patients enrolling on cancer clinical trials at a large academic cancer center from October 2011 to November 2014.

Among the 2657 trial participants, when age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance status, marital status, income, cancer type, disease status, travel distance, and trial year were taken into account, Black, Hispanic/Latino, and male patients were less likely to enroll on phase 1 trials versus phase 2/3 trials.

These findings suggest a need for targeted interventions to improve access to and education about phase 1 trials for Black and Hispanic/Latino patients.
Reinforcement learning using fully connected, attention, and transformer models in knapsack problem solving
Authors: Yildiz Beytullah 
Published: August 2021

SummaryKnapsack is a combinatorial optimization problem that involves a variety of resource allocation challenges. It is defined as non‐deterministic polynomial time (NP) hard and has a wide range of applications. Knapsack problem (KP) has been studied in applied mathematics and computer science for decades. Many algorithms that can be classified as exact or approximate solutions have been proposed. Under the category of exact solutions, algorithms such as branch‐and‐bound and dynamic programming and the approaches obtained by combining these algorithms can be classified. Due to the fact that exact solutions require a long processing time, many approximate methods have been introduced for knapsack solution. In this research, deep Q‐learning using models containing fully connected layers, attention, and transformer as function estimators were used to provide the solution for KP. We observed that deep Q‐networks, which continued their training by observing the reward signals provided by the knapsack environment we developed, optimized the total reward gained over time. The results showed that our approaches give near‐optimum solutions and work about 40 times faster than an exact algorithm using dynamic programming.