bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex activity during arousing reactions from sleep: An intracranial electroencephalographic study
Authors: Ruby Perrine , Eskinazi Mickael , Bouet Romain , Rheims Sylvain , Peter‐Derex Laure 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSleep is punctuated by transient elevations of vigilance level called arousals or awakenings depending on their durations. Understanding the dynamics of brain activity modifications during these transitional phases could help to better understand the changes in cognitive functions according to vigilance states. In this study, we investigated the activity of memory‐related areas (hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex) during short (3 s to 2 min) arousing reactions detected from thalamic activity, using intracranial recordings in four drug‐resistant epilepsy patients. The average power of the signal between 0.5 and 128 Hz was compared across four time windows: 10 s of preceding sleep, the first part and the end of the arousal/awakening, and 10 s of wakefulness. We observed that (a) in most frequency bands, the spectral power during hippocampal arousal/awakenings is intermediate between wakefulness and sleep whereas frontal cortex shows an early increase in low and fast activities during non‐rapid‐eye‐movement (NREM) sleep arousals/awakenings; (b) this pattern depends on the preceding sleep stage with fewer modifications for REM than for non‐REM sleep arousal/awakenings, potentially reflecting the EEG similarities between REM sleep and wakefulness; (c) a greater activation at the arousing reaction onset in the prefrontal cortex predicts longer arousals/awakenings. Our findings suggest that hippocampus and prefrontal arousals/awakenings are progressive phenomena modulated by sleep stage, and, in the neocortex, by the intensity of the early activation. This pattern of activity could underlie the link between sleep stage, arousal/awakening duration and restoration of memory abilities including dream recall.
Improving WRF‐Hydro runoff simulations of heavy floods through the sea surface temperature fields with higher spatio‐temporal resolution
Authors: Kilicarslan Berina Mina , Yucel Ismail , Pilatin Heves , Duzenli Eren , Yilmaz Mustafa Tugrul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of the spatio‐temporal accuracy of four different sea surface temperature (SST) datasets on the accuracy of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)‐Hydro system to simulate hydrological response during two catastrophic flood events over the Eastern Black Sea (EBS) and the Mediterranean (MED) regions of Turkey. Three time‐variant and high spatial resolution external SST products (GHRSST, Medspiration and NCEP‐SST) and one coarse‐resolution and time‐invariant SST product (ERA5‐ and GFS‐SST for EBS and MED regions, respectively) already embedded in the initial and the boundary conditions datasets of WRF model are used in deriving near‐surface atmospheric variables through WRF. After the proper event‐based calibration is performed to the WRF‐Hydro system using hourly and daily streamflow data in both regions, uncoupled model simulations for independent SST events are conducted to assess the impact of SST‐triggered precipitation on simulated extreme runoff. Some localized and temporal differences in the occurrence of the flood events with respect to observations depending on the SST representation are noticeable. SST products represented with higher cross‐correlations (GHRSST and Medspiration) revealed significant improvement in flood hydrographs for both regions. The GHRSST dataset shows a substantial improvement in NSE (~70%), RMSE reduction up to 20%, and an increase in correlation from 0.3 to 0.8 with respect to the invariable SST (ERA5) in simulated runoffs over the EBS region. The use of both GHRSST and Medspiration SST data characterized with high spatio‐temporal correlation resulted in runoff simulations exactly matching the observed runoff peak of 300 m3/s by reducing the overestimation seen in invariable SST (GFS) in the MED region. Improved precipitation simulation skills of the WRF model with the detailed SST representation show that the hydrographs of GHRSST and Medspiration simulations show better performance compared to the simulated hydrographs by observed precipitation.
He Tamariki Kokoti Tau: Tackling preterm incidence and outcomes of preterm births by ethnicity in Aotearoa New Zealand 2010–2014
Authors: Edmonds Liza Kathleen , Sibanda Nokuthaba , Geller Stacie , Cram Fiona , Robson Bridget , Filoche Sara , Storey Francesca , Gibson‐Helm Melanie , Lawton Beverley 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore preterm birth among Māori indigenous peoples through Kaupapa Māori research of preterm birth in Aotearoa New Zealand.MethodsLinked maternity, mortality, and hospital data were analyzed for women and their infants born between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014. Relative risks (RR) were calculated for each ethnic group for preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and mortality.ResultsAdjusted rates showed that compared with Māori women, European women were at significantly less risk of having extremely and very preterm infants (RR 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76–0.95). Preterm infants of European women had a significantly lower adjusted RR of early neonatal death (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45–0.93) or post‐neonatal death (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.26–0.64). In addition to ethnicity, preterm rates were influenced by maternal age, body mass index, smoking status, and SGA status.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the Aotearoa New Zealand maternity system privileges whiteness, suggesting that clinical pathways for evidence‐based medical care are not delivered systemically and equitably for all. Health pathways that focus on equity as a fundamental right will enhance health outcomes for Māori women and their infants.
A Complex Adaptive Systems Engineering Methodology
Authors: White Brian E. , Bouyaud Mickael 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTIn recognizing a system's complexity reflects human complexity, this treatise suggests ways to achieve effective progress in complex systems engineering by intentionally including people as an integral system part to develop or improve. We apply essential and relevant multi‐disciplinary techniques in addition to the necessary enabling technologies. However, we focus on human aspects making or breaking the system. Although this methodology can apply to almost any endeavor, software engineering is our specific example domain area.
Can clinical pharmacists utilize telehealth to double the safety and efficacy of oral anticoagulation while reducing health care costs and improving patient satisfaction in patients with atrial fibrillation?
Authors: Bussey Henry I. , Nutescu Edith A. , Harper Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPublished reports from the United States and New Zealand have described excellent control of the international normalized ratio (INR) and improved patient satisfaction in warfarin‐treated patients whose therapy was managed by clinically trained pharmacists using point of care (POC, or “fingerstick”) blood testing and online technology. This report examines the projected impact of such management on clinical outcomes and health care costs by using previously published information which quantified the relationships between anticoagulation control and rates of thromboembolism, major hemorrhage, and death.MethodsAnticoagulation control was defined as the percent of time that the INR was within the target range (TTR). Published regression equations and adjusted relative risks were used to calculate the rate of thromboembolism, major bleeding, and death associated with various TTR values. The rates of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleed, and death, and the cost for each type of event, were used to determine a key composite end point rate and associated costs at various TTR values and as reported in the four direct‐acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) studies.ResultsBoth the US and New Zealand online systems achieved comparable TTR values of approximately 75% (or better). Cost avoidance per 1000 patients per year based on projected key composite end point rates at a TTR of 75% ranged from $10.4 million compared with a TTR of 30% to $2.2 million compared with a TTR of 65%,. Cost avoidance compared with the rates reported in the DOAC trials ranged from $1.4 to $4.5 million. Patient satisfaction scores exceeded 90% with both systems as reported previously.ConclusionClinically‐trained pharmacists using POC INR testing and online management may reduce major clinical events by more than 50%, substantially reduce health care costs, and improve patient satisfaction. Data from Europe confirm that these low projected event rates are achievable.
Telehealth and technological applications in patient‐centered care: Implications for pharmacy learners and clinical pharmacists
Authors: Badowski Melissa E. , Bente Jessica A. , Davis Estella M. , Isaacs Diana , Lewis Lindi , Martello Jay L. , Pitlick Matthew , Almodóvar Armando Silva , Stadler Sheila , Sutton Burke Elizabeth , Belk Madeline , Tovey Amber , Kane‐Gill Sandra L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTelehealth has emerged as an essential health care delivery modality to improve patient access to health care and allow providers to meet their patients' health care needs. It is imperative that pharmacy learners and clinical pharmacists have the requisite knowledge and skills to comfortably deliver patient‐centered care via telehealth with devices, software, digital therapeutics, wearables, and other technological applications. This manuscript supplements the existing ACCP resources on this subject, educates clinical pharmacists on the rapidly advancing field of telehealth and its available technologies, and summarizes methods for training current and prospective clinical practitioners.
Feasibility of a CMM telepharmacy service for patients with diabetes in rural and underserved communities: Preliminary results
Authors: Livet Melanie , Levitt Jordana , Cardenas Amy , Thomas Jeremy , Lee Alyssa , Pathak Shweta , Curran Geoffrey 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionPatients with uncontrolled diabetes living in rural and underserved communities experience many challenges, including lack of access to needed health and medication management services. Telepharmacy has been identified as a promising approach for addressing this gap. This article describes early insights into the implementation and effectiveness of a comprehensive medication management (CMM) telepharmacy service offered as part of primary care clinics in North Carolina and Arkansas. The CMM service involved pharmacists meeting remotely with patients in their homes to identify and resolve medication‐related problems (MTPs).ObjectivesThe purpose of this article is to both describe early successes, challenges, and lessons learned, and summarize preliminary effectiveness results.MethodsThis exploratory study made use of mixed methods data spanning the first three months of implementation. Successes, challenges, and lessons learned were captured through clinic interviews, open‐ended survey questions, and pharmacists' logs. Evidence of implementation progress and success was based on administrative data and implementation outcomes survey results. Medication therapy problems (MTPs) were used as a proxy to assess preliminary service effectiveness.ResultsKey insights centered on the perceived benefits of the service for patients and clinics, the importance of patient outreach and engagement, access to implementation support strategies, and the need for adaptability. Implementation success was rated highly by clinic stakeholders, with significant increases in service acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility over time, and continued intent to maintain the service. The MTP resolution rate averaged 88% across pharmacists.ConclusionThese preliminary data are promising for supporting the value of a pharmacist‐led medication optimization service delivered remotely to complex patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Ultimately, this model has the potential to expand access to care and transform the delivery of pharmacy services, while creating an opportunity to evolve the role of the clinical pharmacist beyond the traditional boundaries.
Ectopic Calcification and Hypophosphatemic Rickets: Natural History of ENPP1 and ABCC6 Deficiencies
Authors: Ferreira Carlos R , Kintzinger Kristina , Hackbarth Mary E , Botschen Ulrike , Nitschke Yvonne , Mughal M Zulf , Baujat Genevieve , Schnabel Dirk , Yuen Eric , Gahl William A , Gafni Rachel I , Liu Qing , Huertas Pedro , Khursigara Gus , Rutsch Frank 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a rare disorder caused by ENPP1 or ABCC6 variants. GACI is characterized by low pyrophosphate, arterial calcification, and high mortality during the first year of life, but the natural course and possible differences between the causative genes remain unknown. In all, 247 individual records for patients with GACI (from birth to 58.3 years of age) across 19 countries were reviewed. Overall mortality was 54.7% (13.4% in utero or stillborn), with a 50.4% probability of death before the age of 6 months (critical period). Contrary to previous publications, we found that bisphosphonate treatment had no survival benefit based on a start-time matched analysis and inconclusive results when initiated within 2 weeks of birth. Despite a similar prevalence of GACI phenotypes between ENPP1 and ABCC6 deficiencies, including arterial calcification (77.2% and 89.5%, respectively), organ calcification (65.8% and 84.2%, respectively), and cardiovascular complications (58.4% and 78.9%, respectively), mortality was higher for ENPP1 versus ABCC6 variants (40.5% versus 10.5%, respectively; p = 0.0157). Higher prevalence of rickets was reported in 70.8% of surviving affected individuals with ENPP1 compared with that of ABCC6 (11.8%; p = 0.0001). Eleven affected individuals presenting with rickets and without a GACI diagnosis, termed autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2 (ARHR2), all had confirmed ENPP1 variants. Approximately 70% of these patients demonstrated evidence of ectopic calcification or complications similar to those seen in individuals with GACI, which shows that ARHR2 is not a distinct condition from GACI but represents part of the spectrum of ENPP1 deficiency. Overall, this study identified an early mortality risk in GACI patients despite attempts to treat with bisphosphonates, high prevalence of rickets almost exclusive to ENPP1 deficiency, and a spectrum of heterogenous calcification and multiple organ complications with both ENPP1 and ABCC6 variants, which suggests an overlapping pathology. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
The outcomes of thrombotic microangiopathy after liver transplantation: A nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Eguchi Susumu , Yamamoto Masakazu , Yamaue Hiroki , Takada Yasutsugu ,   the Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is recognized as one of the poor‐prognosis factors after liver transplantation, the precise outcome of TMA is unclear. We sought to elucidate the factors affecting the outcome of TMA after liver transplantation in Japan, based on the data from a nationwide survey.MethodsOne hundred cases of post‐transplant TMA were accumulated from 17 Japanese centers of which two cases were excluded because the cause of death was obviously not related to TMA (recurrence of original diseases as primary sclerosing cholangitis and hepatocellular carcinoma), and the remaining 98 cases were enrolled in this study. The patient survival after the development of TMA and the factors that affected the patients' outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsAll cases were living‐donor liver transplant cases, and the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year patient survival rates after transplantation were 66.9%, 64.6%, and 62.2%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, the requirement of renal replacement therapy during TMA treatment was the only factor that was significantly related to poor outcome after the development of TMA.ConclusionThe outcomes of TMA were generally poor. The progression of renal dysfunction despite intensive treatment might be the only factor related to the poor prognosis after the development of TMA.
My boss' passion matters as much as my own: The interpersonal dynamics of passion are a critical driver of performance evaluations
Authors: Jachimowicz Jon M. , Wihler Andreas , Galinsky Adam D. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryCompanies often celebrate employees who successfully pursue their passion. Academic research suggests that these positive evaluations occur because of the passion percolating inside the employee. We propose that supervisors are also a key piece of this puzzle: Supervisors who are more successful in their own pursuit of passion place more value on passion in their performance evaluations. This produces an interpersonal dynamic whereby employees who are more successful in pursuing their passion may receive higher performance ratings when their supervisors are also more successful in pursuing their passion. We provide support for this core hypothesis across a crowdsourced study with a heterogeneous sample (N = 106 subordinate–supervisor dyads), a field study with a financial services company (N = 321 subordinate–supervisor dyads), and a laboratory experiment (N = 205) that offers both causal and mediating evidence. Crucially, we demonstrate that this interpersonal dynamic is specific to passion and does not apply to less observable motivations (intrinsic and extrinsic motivation). These results demonstrate that supervisors who successfully pursue their passion may overvalue passion relative to other valuable attributes, leading to potential bias. They also give a new perspective on managing upward: Employees may further their own careers by helping their supervisors pursue their passion.
Natural thymol‐based ternary deep eutectic solvents: Application in air‐bubble assisted‐dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction for the analysis of tetracyclines in water
Authors: Sereshti Hassan , Abdolhosseini Ghazaleh , Soltani Sara , Jamshidi Fatemeh , Nouri Nina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFour new thymol‐based ternary deep eutectic solvents were prepared and evaluated as the extractive phase in air‐bubbles assisted dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction for extraction of tetracycline, doxycycline, and oxytetracycline from the water before high‐performance liquid chromatography. The maximum extraction efficiencies were obtained using 400 μL of [choline chloride]:[thymol]:[nonanoic acid] in the molar ratio of 1:2:2 at pH = 5. The solvent was characterized by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The hydrophobicity of the deep eutectic solvent and its effect on the pH of water samples after mixing was also studied. Besides, the extraction efficiency of the ternary deep eutectic solvent was compared with that of two binary thymol‐based deep eutectic solvents, including [choline chloride]:[thymol] and [thymol]:[nonanoic acid] at the same conditions. Under optimal conditions, limits of detection and quantification were 1.2–8.0 and 3.8–26.6 μg/L, respectively. The linear ranges were 18.2–500 μg/L for oxytetracycline, 26.6–500 μg/L for tetracycline, and 3.8–500 μg/L for doxycycline with the determination coefficients > 0.9912. Intra‐ and inter‐day relative standard deviations were 1.2–3.8 and 7.7–11.2%, respectively. The developed method was applied to the analysis of tetracyclines in unspiked and spiked environmental water samples, and the obtained recoveries were 74.5–95.4% with relative standard deviations of 1.2–4.0%.
Cancer‐Related Activity Limitations Among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors
Authors: Warinner Chloe B. , Bergmark Regan W. , Sethi Rosh , Rettig Eleni M. 
Published: August 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo characterize self‐reported cancer‐related activity limitations among a broad population of head and neck (HNC) survivors and identify sociodemographic factors associated with these limitations.Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis of data from the National Health Interview Survey.MethodsThe study population included individuals who completed the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) from 1997 to 2018 and self‐reported a cancer diagnosis. Data regarding activity limitations, cancer history, mental health, and demographics were extracted from the NHIS. Poisson regression was used to evaluate associations between demographics and cancer‐related limitations, and a descriptive analysis was performed to identify the most common types of cancer‐related limitations experienced by HNC survivors.ResultsIndividuals with HNC were more than twice as likely to report having a disability caused by cancer when compared to individuals with other cancers (24% vs. 11%, P < .001). Cancer‐related disability was highest among HNC survivors who were Black (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.13–2.18), were aged 50 to 64 (aPR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.1–2.74), had high school or lower education (aPR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.07–5.37), and had Medicaid insurance (aPR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.62–4.10). Among HNC patients who reported a cancer‐related limitation, the most common limitations included difficulty working (78%), going out (51%), and socializing (42%).ConclusionsCancer‐related activity limitations are more common among HNC survivors compared to survivors of other cancers, and disproportionately affect socioeconomically disadvantaged HNC survivors. Clinicians should be aware of the limitations experienced by HNC survivors to provide counseling and resources to help patients cope with these limitations.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:593–599, 2022
Quantitative visual analysis of marine barite microcrystals: Insights into precipitation and dissolution dynamics
Authors: Light Tricia , Norris Richard 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe accumulation rate of authigenic barite (BaSO4) in marine sediments is a promising proxy for reconstructing marine export production, but many aspects of barite precipitation and dissolution in the water column remain unknown. Here, we collected, imaged, and quantitatively analyzed 5481 barite microcrystals in bottle casts from the Eastern Pacific water column to gain a better understanding of in situ barite dynamics. Barite crystal abundance increases rapidly between the surface and 500 m in depth and then declines to predominantly low abundances below ~ 1000 m. The falloff in barite abundance between the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and the ocean interior suggests 60% ± 20% loss of barite by dissolution, nearly all of which is complete by water depths of 1000 m. However, there are occasional samples, as deep as 1250 m, with unusually high barite abundance that may represent marine snow deposition events. We found that microcrystals associated with organic matter substrates were smaller and less solid than free crystals, which suggests ongoing barite precipitation toward larger, more regularly shaped microcrystals within organic matter aggregates. Trends in barite microcrystal size with depth suggest that organic matter aggregates also play a role in shielding barite microcrystals from dissolution. In addition, our extensive data set raises new questions regarding marine barite nucleation and spatial heterogeneity. By helping bridge the gap between hypothesized barite dynamics and in situ observations of barite microcrystals, this study advances our understanding of water column Ba processes and the utility of sediment barite as an export production proxy.