bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of CD34+ cell mobilization, blood graft cellular composition, and post‐transplant outcome in myeloma patients mobilized with filgrastim or pegfilgrastim added to low‐dose cyclophosphamide: A prospective multicenter study
Authors: Anu Partanen , Antti Turunen , Raija Silvennoinen , Marja Pyörälä , Jaakko Valtola , Timo Siitonen , Mervi Putkonen , Marja Sankelo , Anu Sikiö , Karri Penttilä , Taru Kuittinen , Jukka Pelkonen , Pentti Mäntymaa , Esa Jantunen , Ville Varmavuo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundScarce data exist on the impact of granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF) type on the mobilizing capacity of CD34+ cells, graft cellular composition, and outcome in myeloma (MM) patients.Patients and MethodsIn this prospective multicenter study, 70 patients with MM received filgrastim (FIL) and 20 patients received pegfilgrastim (PEG) as a G‐CSF after low‐dose cyclophosphamide. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the mobilization of CD34+ cells and cellular composition of blood grafts, hematologic recovery, and survival after auto‐SCT according to the G‐CSF choice.ResultsThe CD34+ cell yield of the first apheresis was higher in the FIL group (5.3 vs. 4.2 × 106/kg, p = .025). The better mobilizing capacity was observed in the FIL group especially after bortezomib‐based induction based on the higher first apheresis yield of CD34+ cells (7.5 vs. 4.4 × 106/kg, p = .001). The median CD19+ cell count (1.0 vs. 0.4 × 106/kg, p = .010) and the number of CD3+ T lymphocytes (43.1 vs. 31.8 × 106/kg, p = .122) in the infused graft were higher in the patients mobilized with FIL. Both early (day +15) (56 vs. 108 × 109/L, p = .002) and later platelet recovery at 6 months (191 vs. 226 × 109/L, p = .026) were faster in the PEG group.ConclusionG‐CSF type seems to impact on the mobilization capacity and cellular composition of infused graft and also platelet recovery post‐transplant. A randomized study might be warranted to verify the effects of G‐CSF choice in the mobilization field.
Development of a veterinary trauma score (VetCOT) in canine trauma patients with performance evaluation and comparison to the animal trauma triage score: A VetCOT registry study
Authors: Chik Colin , Hayes Galina M. , Menard Julie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a population‐derived, parsimonious, and objective risk stratification model for dogs following trauma and compare its predictive performance to the animal trauma triage (ATT) score.DesignObservational cohort study using data from the American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Veterinary Committee on Trauma (VetCOT) trauma registry acquired between September 2013 and October 2017.SettingNine Level I and Level II veterinary trauma centers.AnimalsNine hundred eighty‐four dogs assessed within 24 h of traumatic injury.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsPatient mortality was 10.8%. The VetCOT model was constructed based on 4 variables: plasma lactate and ionized calcium obtained within 6 h of admission, and presence or absence of clinical signs consistent with either head or spinal trauma. The VetCOT score had good discriminatory performance (AUROC = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.83‐0.91) comparable to that of the 6 variable ATT score for the same population (area under the receiver operator characteristic [AUROC] = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.84–0.90). No statistical difference in discriminatory performance between the 2 scores was identified (P = 0.98). The VetCOT score showed good calibration on this population (Hosmer–Lemeshow test P = 0.93), whereas the ATT score failed to calibrate (P = 0.02) due to overprediction of mortality at low scores. Sensitivity and specificity for outcome of the VetCOT score at a risk probability cutoff of 0.5 for this population were 28.97% and 97.95%, respectively.ConclusionsThe VetCOT score is a more parsimonious model with comparable discriminatory performance and superior calibration to the ATT score for risk stratification in dogs following trauma. Further prospective validation studies are required to confirm the discriminatory performance of the VetCOT score.
Gene tree quality affects empirical coalescent branch length estimation
Authors: Forthman Michael , Braun Edward L. , Kimball Rebecca T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAssessing effects of gene tree error in coalescent analyses have widely ignored coalescent branch lengths (CBLs) despite their potential utility in estimating ancestral population demographics and detecting species tree anomaly zones. However, the ability of coalescent methods to obtain accurate estimates remains largely unexplored. Errors in gene trees should lead to underestimates of the true CBL, and for a given set of comparisons, longer CBLs should be more accurate. Here, we furthered our empirical understanding of how error in gene tree quality (i.e., locus informativeness and gene tree resolution) affect CBLs using four datasets comprised of ultraconserved elements (UCE) or exons for clades that exhibit wide ranges of branch lengths. For each dataset, we compared the impact of locus informativeness (assessed using number of parsimony‐informative sites) and gene tree resolution on CBL estimates. Our results, in general, showed that CBLs were drastically shorter when estimates included low informative loci. Gene tree resolution also had an impact on UCE datasets, with polytomous gene trees producing longer branches than randomly resolved gene trees. However, resolution did not appear to affect CBL estimates from the more informative exon datasets. Thus, as expected, gene tree quality affects CBL estimates, though this can generally be minimized by using moderate filtering to select more informative loci and/or by allowing polytomies in gene trees. These approaches, as well as additional contributions to improve CBL estimation, should lead to CBLs that are useful for addressing evolutionary and biological questions.
The Effect of Whole Egg Intake on Muscle Mass: Are the Yolk and Its Nutrients Important?
Authors: Santos Heitor O. , Gomes Gederson K. , Schoenfeld Brad J. , de Oliveira Erick P. 
Published: September 2021

Whole egg may have potential benefits for enhancing muscle mass, independent of its protein content. The yolk comprises ∼40% of the total protein in an egg, as well as containing several nonprotein nutrients that could possess anabolic properties (e.g., microRNAs, vitamins, minerals, lipids, phosphatidic acid and other phospholipids). Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to discuss the current evidence as to the possible effects of egg yolk compounds on skeletal muscle accretion beyond those of egg whites alone. The intake of whole egg seems to promote greater myofibrillar protein synthesis than egg white intake in young men. However, limited evidence shows no difference in muscle hypertrophy when comparing the consumption of whole egg versus an isonitrogenous quantity of egg white in young men performing resistance training. Although egg yolk intake seems to promote additional acute increases on myofibrillar protein synthesis, it does not seem to further enhance muscle mass when compared to egg whites when consumed as part of a high-protein dietary patterns, at least in young men. This conclusion is based on very limited evidence and more studies are needed to evaluate the effects of egg yolk (or whole eggs) intake on muscle mass not only in young men, but also in other populations such as women, older adults, and individuals with muscle wasting diseases.
Mindful Engagement Mediates the Relationship Between Motivational Climate Perceptions and Coachability for Male High School Athletes
Authors: Iwasaki Susumu , Fry Mary D. , Hogue Candace M. 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of mindful engagement in the relationship between male high school athletes’ motivational climate perceptions on their teams (i.e., caring, task-, and ego-involving climate) to athlete coachability. Athletes (N = 164, Mage = 15.58 years) from multiple sports completed measures assessing mindful engagement in sport (Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale—Revised), Caring Climate Scale, task- and ego-involving climate perceptions (Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire), and coachability (Athletic Coping Skills Inventory). Initial bivariate correlations linked mindful engagement and coachability positively with perceptions of a caring and task-involving climate and negatively with ego-involving climate perceptions. Structural equation modeling analyses then revealed mindful engagement mediated the relationship between climate and coachability. Encouraging coaches and players to foster a caring/task-involving climate might assist in enhancing athletes’ mindful engagement in sport, which may positively influence the degree to which they are coachable.
Building a continental arc section: Constraints from Paleozoic granulite-facies metamorphism, anatexis, and magmatism in the northern margin of the Qilian Block, northern Tibet Plateau
Authors: Peng Yinbiao , Yu Shengyao , Zhang Jianxin , Li Yunshuai , Li Sanzhong , Lv Pei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContinental arcs in active continental margins (especially deep-seated arc magmatism, anatexis, and metamorphism) can be extremely significant in evaluating continent building processes. In this contribution, a Paleozoic continental arc section is constructed based on coeval granulite-facies metamorphism, anatexis, and magmatism on the northern margin of the Qilian Block, which record two significant episodes of continental crust growth. The deeper layer of the lower crust mainly consists of medium-high pressure mafic and felsic granulites, with apparent peak pressure-temperature conditions of 11–13 kbar and 800–950 °C, corresponding to crustal depths of ~35–45 km. The high-pressure mafic granulite and local garnet-cumulate represent mafic residues via dehydration melting involving breakdown of amphibole with anatectic garnet growth. Zircon U-Pb geochronology indicates that these high-grade metamorphic rocks experienced peak granulite-facies metamorphism at ca. 450 Ma. In the upper layer of the lower crust, the most abundant rocks are preexisting garnet-bearing metasedimentary rocks, orthogneiss, and local garnet amphibolite, which experienced medium-pressure amphibolite-facies to granulite-facies metamorphism at depths of 20–30 km at ca. 450 Ma. These metasedimentary rocks and orthogneiss have also experienced partial melting involving mica and rare amphibole at 457–453 Ma. The shallow to mid-crust is primarily composed of diorite-granodiorite batholiths and volcanic cover with multiple origin, which were intruded during 500–450 Ma, recording long-term crustal growth and differentiation episode. As a whole, two episodes of continental crust growth were depicted in the continental arc section on the northern margin of the Qilian Block, including: (a) the first episode is documented in a lithological assemblage composing of coeval mafic-intermediate intrusive and volcanic rocks derived from partial melting of modified lithospheric mantle and subducted oceanic crust during southward subduction of the North Qilian Ocean at 500–480 Ma; (b) the second episode is recorded in mafic rocks derived from partial melting of modified lithospheric mantle during transition from oceanic subduction to initial collision at 460–450 Ma.
Inequalities in glycemic management in people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus and severe mental illnesses: cohort study from the UK over 10 years
Authors: Das-Munshi Jayati , Schofield Peter , Ashworth Mark , Gaughran Fiona , Hull Sally , Ismail Khalida , Robson John , Stewart Robert , Mathur Rohini 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionUsing data from a a primary care pay-for-performance scheme targeting quality indicators, the objective of this study was to assess if people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and severe mental illnesses (SMI) experienced poorer glycemic management compared with people living with T2DM alone, and if observed differences varied by race/ethnicity, deprivation, gender, or exclusion from the scheme.Research design and methodsPrimary care data from a cohort of 56 770 people with T2DM, including 2272 people with T2DM and SMI, from London (UK), diagnosed between January 17, 2008 and January 16, 2018, were used. Adjusted mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and HbA1c differences were assessed using multilevel regression models.ResultsCompared with people with T2DM only, people with T2DM/SMI were more likely to be of an ethnic minority background, excluded from the pay-for-performance scheme and residing in more deprived areas. Across the sample, mean HbA1c was lower in those with T2DM and SMI (mean HbA1c: 58 mmol/mol; 95% CI 57 to 59), compared with people with T2DM only (mean HbA1c: 59 mmol/mol; 95% CI 59 to 60). However, HbA1c levels were greater in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Chinese people compared with the White British reference in the T2DM/SMI group. People with T2DM/SMI who had been excluded from the pay-for-performance scheme, had HbA1c levels which were +7 mmol/mol (95% CI 2 to 11) greater than those with T2DM/SMI not excluded. Irrespective of SMI status, increasing deprivation and male gender were associated with increased HbA1c levels.ConclusionsDespite a pay-for-performance scheme to improve quality standards, inequalities in glycemic management in people with T2DM and SMI persist in those excluded from the scheme and by gender, ethnicity, and area-level deprivation.
Development of influenza-associated disease burden pyramid in Shanghai, China, 2010–2017: a Bayesian modelling study
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Chunfang , Ruan Luanqi , Jin Shan , Ye Chuchu , Yu Huiting , Zhu Weiping , Wang Xiling 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesNegative estimates can be produced when statistical modelling techniques are applied to estimate morbidity and mortality attributable to influenza. Based on the prior knowledge that influenza viruses are hazardous pathogens and have adverse health outcomes of respiratory and circulatory disease (R&C), we developed an improved model incorporating Bayes’ theorem to estimate the disease burden of influenza in Shanghai, China, from 2010 to 2017.DesignA modelling study using aggregated data from administrative systems on weekly R&C mortality and hospitalisation, influenza surveillance and meteorological data. We constrained the regression coefficients for influenza activity to be positive by truncating the prior distributions at zero.SettingShanghai, China.ParticipantsPeople registered with R&C deaths (450 298) and hospitalisations (2621 787, from 1 July 2013), and with influenza-like illness (ILI) outpatient visits (342 149) between 4 January 2010 and 31 December 2017.Primary outcome measuresInfluenza-associated disease burden (mortality, hospitalisation and outpatient visit rates) and clinical severity (outpatient–mortality, outpatient–hospitalisation and hospitalisation–mortality risks).ResultsInfluenza was associated with an annual average of 15.49 (95% credibility interval (CrI) 9.06–22.06) excess R&C deaths, 100.65 (95% CrI 48.79–156.78) excess R&C hospitalisations and 914.95 (95% CrI 798.51–1023.66) excess ILI outpatient visits per 100 000 population in Shanghai. 97.23% and 80.24% excess R&C deaths and hospitalisations occurred in people aged ≥65 years. More than half of excess morbidity and mortality were associated with influenza A(H3N2) virus, and its severities were 1.65-fold to 3.54-fold and 1.47-fold to 2.16-fold higher than that for influenza A(H1N1) and B viruses, respectively.ConclusionsThe proposed Bayesian approach with reasonable prior information improved estimates of influenza-associated disease burden. Influenza A(H3N2) virus was generally associated with higher morbidity and mortality, and was relatively more severe compared with influenza A(H1N1) and B viruses. Targeted influenza prevention and control strategies for the elderly in Shanghai may substantially reduce the disease burden.
Effectiveness and safety of the adjunctive use of an internet-based self-management intervention for borderline personality disorder in addition to care as usual: results from a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Klein Jan Philipp , Hauer-von Mauschwitz Andrea , Berger Thomas , Fassbinder Eva , Mayer Johannes , Borgwardt Stefan , Wellhöfer Bernhard , Schweiger Ulrich , Jacob Gitta 
Published: September 2021

ImportanceBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder that is often inadequately treated.ObjectiveTo determine if adding a self-management intervention to care as usual (CAU) is effective and safe.DesignRandomised, controlled, rater-blind trial. Duration of treatment and assessments: 12 months.SettingSecondary care, recruited mainly via the internet.ParticipantsPatients with BPD and BPD Severity Index (BPDSI) of at least 15.InterventionsCAU by treating psychiatrist and/or psychotherapist alone or adjunctive use of an internet-based self-management intervention that is based on schema therapy (priovi).Main outcome measureOutcomes were assessed by trained raters. The primary outcome was change in BPDSI. The safety outcome was the number of serious adverse events (SAEs). The primary outcome time point was 12 months after randomisation.ResultsOf 383 participants assessed for eligibility, 204 were included (91.7% female, mean age: 32.4 years; 74% were in psychotherapy and 26% were in psychiatric treatment). The slope of BPDSI change did not differ significantly between groups from baseline to 12 months (F3,248= 1.857, p=0.14). At 12 months, the within-group effect sizes were d=1.38 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.68) for the intervention group and d=1.02 (95% CI 0.73 to 1.31) for the control group. The between-group effect size was d=0.27 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.55) in the intention-to-treat sample and d=0.39 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.68) for those who used the intervention for at least 3 hours (per-protocol sample). We found no significant differences in SAEs.ConclusionsWe have not found a significant effect in favour of the intervention. This might be due to the unexpectedly large effect in the group receiving CAU by a psychiatrist and/or psychotherapist alone.Trial registrationNCT03418142.
Cross-sectional study evaluating burden and depressive symptoms in family carers of persons with age-related macular degeneration in Australia
Authors: Jin Ivan , Tang Diana , Gengaroli Jessica , Nicholson Perry Kathryn , Burlutsky George , Craig Ashley , Liew Gerald , Mitchell Paul , Gopinath Bamini 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesWe aimed to analyse the degree of carer burden and depressive symptoms in family carers of persons with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and explore the factors independently associated with carer burden and depressive symptoms.MethodsCross-sectional study using self-administered and interviewer-administered surveys, involving 96 family carer–care recipient pairs. Participants were identified from tertiary ophthalmology clinics in Sydney, Australia, as well as the Macular Disease Foundation of Australia database. Logistic regression, Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were used to investigate associations of explanatory factors (family caregiving experience, carer fatigue, carer quality of life and care-recipient level of dependency) with study outcomes—carer burden and depressive symptoms.ResultsOver one in two family carers reported experiencing mild or moderate-severe burden. More than one in five and more than one in three family carers experienced depressive symptoms and substantial fatigue, respectively. High level of care-recipient dependency was associated with greater odds of moderate-severe and mild carer burden, multivariable-adjusted OR 8.42 (95% CI 1.88 to 37.60) and OR 4.26 (95% CI 1.35 to 13.43), respectively. High levels of fatigue were associated with threefold greater odds of the carer experiencing depressive symptoms, multivariable-adjusted OR 3.47 (95% CI 1.00 to 12.05).ConclusionsA substantial degree of morbidity is observed in family carers during the caregiving experience for patients with AMD. Level of dependency on the family carer and fatigue were independently associated with family carer burden and depressive symptoms.Trial registration numberThe trial registration number is ACTRN12616001461482. The results presented in this paper are Pre-results stage.
Multimorbidity of chronic non-communicable diseases: burden, care provision and outcomes over time among patients attending chronic outpatient medical care in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia—a mixed methods study protocol
Authors: Eyowas Fantu Abebe , Schneider Marguerite , Alemu Shitaye , Getahun Fentie Ambaw 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionMultimorbidity refers to the presence of two or more chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a given individual. It is associated with premature mortality, lower quality of life (QoL) and greater use of healthcare resources. The burden of multimorbidity could be huge in the low and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Ethiopia. However, there is limited evidence on the magnitude of multimorbidity, associated risk factors and its effect on QoL and functionality. In addition, the evidence base on the way health systems are organised to manage patients with multimorbidity is sparse. The knowledge gleaned from this study could have a timely and significant impact on the prevention, management and survival of patients with NCD multimorbidity in Ethiopia and in LMICs at large.Methods and analysisThis study has three phases: (1) a cross-sectional quantitative study to determine the magnitude of NCD multimorbidity and its effect on QoL and functionality, (2) a qualitative study to explore organisation of care for patients with multimorbidity, and (3) a longitudinal quantitative study to investigate disease progression and patient outcomes over time. A total of 1440 patients (≥40 years) on chronic care follow-up will be enrolled from different facilities for the quantitative studies. The quantitative data will be collected from multiple sources using the KoBo Toolbox software and analysed by STATA V.16. Multiple case study designs will be employed to collect the qualitative data. The qualitative data will be coded and analysed by Open Code software thematically.Ethics and disseminationEthical clearance has been obtained from the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University (protocol number 003/2021). Subjects who provide written consent will be recruited in the study. Confidentiality of data will be strictly maintained. Findings will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.