bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blended Learning in Teacher Profession Education (PPG) of Germany Education as The 21st Century Teacher Training Model
Authors: Ardiyani Dewi Kartika , Wijayati Primardiana Hermilia , Hidayat Edy 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to solve problems related to the policy of Teacher Professional Development (TPD) program. This research produces a syllabus of in-office TPD for the German language to solve problems faced in the field; it is necessary to provide provision and preparation for lecturers so that the preparation and implementation of learning have the same standards and goals and the percentage of pedagogic material is more than the professional content. Meanwhile the composition of the competency test is otherwise. In this study, a new policy of TPD is formulated based on 21st century competencies and 21st century learning models that have been successfully applied in Australia, namely a life skills-based learning approach, or known as life- based learning. This framework has become the flagship program for learning innovation at the State University of Malang. The research employed a research and development method that begins with problem identification or problem formulation. The syllabus design is created and developed based on performance and needs analysis, and oriented to the principles of teacher training in the 21st century. These principles are reflected in the syllabus which contains pegadodic competences, professional competence, the ability to use digital media through blended learning and digital-based learning. Based on the results of the validation by German learning experts and suggestions from users, it can be concluded that the PPG German syllabus design is feasible to use. Nevertheless, it is necessary to refine the time allocation according to the needs and clarity of evaluation and assessment.
Optimasi Ekstraksi Minyak Dedak Padi Dengan Pelarut Etil Asetat Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Mulyadi Abdul Haris , Adiningsih Ria 
Published: April 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara agraris dimana salah satu komoditas utamanya adalah padi, berdasarkan data BPS pada tahun 2019 telah diproduksi padi dengan jumlah total sekitar 54,6 juta ton. Proses penggilingan padi menghasilkan dedak sebanyak 10%, di dalam dedak terdapat minyak dedak padi berkisar 17-22%. Minyak dedak padi merupakan hasil dari ekstraksi dedak padi. Kandungan antioksidan (γ-oryzanol, tokoferol dan tokotrienol) yang relatif tinggi dapat bermanfaat dalam berbagai bidang yaitu farmasi, kosmetik dan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum ekstraksi minyak dedak dengan etil asetat sebagai pelarut melalui Respon Surface Methodology (RSM). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekstraksi soxhletasi dengan pelarut etil asetat, dedak padi ukuran 0,1965 mm sebanyak 100 gram, stabilisasi selama 15 menit pada suhu 110°C. Untuk mendapatkan RSM penelitian dirancang mengikuti bentuk Central Composite Design (CCD) dengan dua variabel bebas, yaitu waktu ektraksi dan jumlah pelarut. Analisis data yield minyak dedak padi dilakukan dengan software Minitab Release 16. K ondisi optimum yang diperoleh untuk mengekstraksi minyak dedak padi dengan pelarut etil asetat, yaitu pada waktu ekstraksi 3,88857 jam dan jumlah pelarut 447,1205 ml dengan perolehan yield 10,8764 %.
Investigating locality: Socio-cultural and technological perspectives
Authors: Yatmo Yandi Andri , Atmodiwirjo Paramita 
Published: April 2021

This edition of ARTEKS: Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur presents a series of the investigation into the locality as an attempt to contribute to the development of architectural knowledge that addresses particular contexts. In architecture, as in many other disciplines, knowledge is developed and transformed through inquiry and investigation, as a means to take a position in relation to the existing knowledge. Knowledge is established through the process of dialectic that contains three parts: the thesis as the originating idea, position, or statement; the antithesis as the opposite or counter-argument to the thesis; and the synthesis as the reconciliation or transformation of those two (Fichte, 1868). Through the continuing process of dialectic, knowledge is not static and limited to what has been known before but is continuously transformed through questioning, arguing, and re-positioning. Research as a form of inquiry and investigation plays an important role in establishing the debate within the discipline (Smith, 2012) to push the boundaries of knowledge. Architecture as a form of knowledge should be developed through research (Till, 2011), which could be performed through a range of research methods (Groat & Wang, 2013; Lucas, 2016)
The Race Warfare and the United States Justice System
Authors: Stober Emmanuel 
Published: April 2021

Let us think for a moment, the United State is home to 5% of the world population, but 28% of the world’s prisoners. That is more than one out of four human beings in the world, with their hands-on bars, shackled, and locked up in the land of the free. Ninety-seven percent of this incarcerated people never had a trial. So as public support for criminal justice reform continues to build, it is now more important than ever that we get the facts straight and understand the big picture. With a much-needed clarity in crime rate and justice’s system, this empirical analysis will be digging deep into available data to offer some much-needed clarity by piecing together the United States’ disparate system of confinement. The study emphasizes the need to understand how 2.52 million people ended up in jails or prison and why the majority of those people are poor, and also brown and black. In the end, the reform of the criminal justice system is not about whether or not black lives matters, but it is about changing the way United States understands human dignity.
Revealing The Other Sides of Syaikh al-Nafzawi's Eroctic Anecdotes
Authors: Lesmana Maman 
Published: April 2021

Al-Rawd al-‘Atir fi Nuzhat al-Khatir (The Perfumed Garden of Sensual Delight), by Syaikh Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Nafzawi, a Muslim philosopher from Tunisia, has not yet been published in a complete version by any publishers in the Arabic countries since the end of the 15th Century due to the fact that this book is considered sluttish. The Arabians’ opinions regarding this book are varied. Some appreciate the writer’s honesty and openness, due to describing personal matters, such as a sexual intercourse between a man and a woman. Others are disappointed because of its popular writing styles and poor marketing interests. Some others criticize the ways of medical matters in the text although the suggestions in the text are not imaginary ones. This paper analyzes the book from its other aspects, i.e. its form and types of anecdotes. This paper found out that the anecdotes of al-Nafzawi tend to fictive and this fact leads us not to use the book as the reference for sex education. In additions, the story of the book describes the vulgar sexual intercourse more than sex education itself. This can be considered a sluttish story.
Religious Consciousness in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Authors: Nganshi Amungwa Veronica , Nkengasong John Nkemngong 
Published: April 2021

The paper examines religious consciousness in the modernist novels of Joseph Conrad’s 1902 Heart of Darkness and James Joyce’s 1916 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man with the objective of illustrating that though these writers apparently rejected the Catholic faith, they were still spiritually conscious and were thus able to detect and question religious values that were repressive. This consciousness is enriched by autobiographical elements prompted by the nihilism of the early twentieth century. Although Heart of Darkness is a colonial novel and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man traces the development of a potential artist, both converge on the critique of religious hypocrisy and injustice. Using the concepts of psychobiography, the conscious and unconscious of the Psychoanalytic theory as well as the concept of nihilism of the Modernist theory, the paper demonstrates that both Conrad and Joyce effectively make a critique of religion by the inclusion of various aspects of their real life experiences in their novels. They do this not to reject religion per se but for its reformation. In other words, the religious views of the protagonists in both works reflect those of their authors. Both authors portray not what is dominantly fictional but what they were a part of. This paper’s significance is its projection of the notion that it is the exploration of religious consciousness from an autobiographical perspective that gives the British modernist novel its strength and major difference. Conrad and Joyce demonstrate that without sincerity, justice, restraint, controlled freedom and mutual respect, the individual and society degenerate. Literature serves as a fabric of culture with the writer as the voice of conscience.
Vulnerability of the Poor and Non-poor Households: A Case Study of Neboda West Grama Niladhari Division of Dodangoda Divisional Secretariat in Sri Lanka
Authors: M. A. Shantha Wijesinghe  
Published: April 2021

Poverty is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon with many forms and causes. It is normally measured quantitatively by using income criterion. But understanding poverty only in terms of income criterion can misrepresent its nature and underlying causes. It is a much broader and deeper issue of deprivation mainly associated with both quantitative and qualitative aspects. It is essential to place considerable values on both quantitative and qualitative aspects in understanding poverty. Thus, vulnerability is one of the criteria which is used to understand poverty in these two aspects. Vulnerability is a constant companion of material and human deprivation, given the circumstances of the poor and the near-poor or non-poor. It means the probability of being exposed to a number of risks. It is generally accepted that poor people are more vulnerable in various circumstances than non-poor people due to many reasons. Thus, this paper attempts to analyse the nature of vulnerability of the poor and non-poor households and the root causes leading to their level of vulnerability. For this purpose, Neboda West Grama Niladhari Divison of Dodangoda Divisional Secretariat in Sri Lanka was selected for the study. A sample of fifty households was selected for the study by following stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire and the in-depth interviews were used for data gathering. In order to examine whether there is a significant difference between poor and non-poor households regarding quantitative aspects of vulnerability, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used. For analysing qualitative aspects of vulnerability relating to these two groups absolute and percentage values were used. As the findings, this study disclosed that there is a significant difference between poor and non-poor households regarding vulnerability. As its quantitative aspects income and its variability and as the qualitative aspects ownership to physical assets, education, income diversification, links to networks, safety nets and access to credit market significantly vary between these two groups by confirming significant difference of the ability to face adverse shocks.
The Impact of Leadership Styles on the Job Satisfaction of Employees in a Garment Factory of Sri Lanka
Authors: M. A. Shantha Wijesinghe  
Published: April 2021

Job satisfaction is a common but important theme discussed at organizational level. It refers to the attitude and feelings that the people have about their work. Main concern of every organization is to maintain the satisfaction of the employees so that the organizational goals can be achieved successfully. Job satisfaction of the employees can be determined by many factors. Among them, leadership style followed by the leaders is also one of the important factors. Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people.Many scholars have addressed the impact of leadership styles on the job satisfaction of employees in different manner. But, literature on this topic in the context of Sri Lanka has not sufficiently developed. There are only few studies covered the subject of leadership in Sri Lanka particularly limiting to few sectors. Therefore, this study attempts to fill that gap of the knowledge by addressing how leadership styles affect job satisfaction of the employees, particularly in a garment factory in Sri Lanka. Methodologically, deductive testing theory approach was followed by this study. Theory was developed by the literature based on the pilot study. As the pilot study confirmed that three major leadership styles such as democratic, autocratic and transactional style are followed by the leaders, the impact of these three styles on the job satisfaction of employees were examined by giving a questionnaire to a stratified random sample of 60 employees. Basic hypothesis of the study was that the transactional leadership style should be the most significant in determining the job satisfaction according to human nature. But the outcome of this study confirmed that the impact of democratic style was statistically more significant than autocratic and transactional styles by rejecting the initial hypothesis.
The Relationship Between Ageist Attitudes and Body Image in Women
Authors: Bhatia Sangeeta , Singh Ananya 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to understand the relationship between ageist attitudes and body image concerns across women in three different age groups namely; young adults (17 to 21 years), middle aged adults (40 to 49 years) and older adults (60 to 82 years). Two scales, measuring body image and ageism, were administered on a sample of 48 women (N=48) with 16 women in each aforemen-tioned category. The results indicated that women in the older category experienced the highest body image concerns, followed by middle aged and young adults respectively. Attitudes to-wards ageism were assessed based on various dimensions. Ageist attitudes were moderate on most dimensions except for direct prejudice to age in young adults; ‘Social distance’ in middle aged adults and ‘Stereotype content associated with age categories’ in middle aged adults as well as older adults. The study has implications for understanding the status of depression, low self-esteem and other co-morbid variables as related to ageism. No significant relationship was found between ageist attitudes and body image.
A Commonsense Resolution to the Issue of Determinism versus Rational Agency (aka, free-will)
Authors: Reid Larry 
Published: April 2021

This brief is an essay providing newer perspectives than the traditional (often religiously oriented) and modern scholarship on free-will versus determinism. The essay’s scope is confined to biological life on Earth and does not address how the chaos and randomness of the universe had come to have organized planets and suns. Among the issues raised is that willfulness is not free, rather a cost. The assertion is made that the agency allowing humanity to make changes deviating from what the past had wrought is the evolved linguistic skills to communicate first with words, then signs, then with sentences and then exchanging information in paragraphs allowing discussions about how to modify the way being lived which, in turn, led to actions and feedback on the value of their actions, hence progress.
Management of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage on Anticoagulant Regiment: A Literature Review
Authors: Apriawan Tedy , Kartosen Ade Anugrah , Ishlahy Ahmad Z. S. , Broto Endang Pati , Herjuna Hana Ranu , Permana Khrisna Rangga , Meizikri Rizki , Drehem Shaleh , Bajamal Abdul Hafid 
Published: April 2021

Oral anticoagulant and antiplatelet are often prescribed in clinical practice. These drugs are mainly consumed by geriatric patients to prevent or treat cerebrovascular, systemic embolism, or heart condition. Managing anticoagulated TBI patients is a challenging task for surgeons. This study aims to review available literatures regarding anticoagulated TBI patients and to suggest a treatment algorithm for such cases. Based on several retrospective and prospective studies, it might be wasteful to do a routine follow-up CT scan on anticoagulated TBI patients. The risk of new lesion development or presenting lesion progression seems to be especially low among patients with negative initial CT scan. We suggest to reserve repeat CT scan for patients with evident neurological deterioration. Tighter observation for anticoagulated patients with positive initial CT scan might be useful. Anticoagulation reversal is recommended by the American College of Cardiology, but some studies reported that reversal should be directed by INR. Acute antiplatelet cessation is still controversial for aspirin, but it is advised for clopidogrel. Preoperative management of both anticoagulant and antiplatelet should take into account the bleeding risk of the surgical procedure. Blind cessation and reversal of anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet might delay the timing of surgery and thus would better be avoided
Intervention Models in Arabic Vocabulary Proficiency in The J-Qaf Program Among Primary School Pupils
Authors: Abu Zahrin Syaidatun Nazirah , Hashim Hasnurol , Abu Bakar Kaseh , Ahmad Maheram , Mohamad Ab Halim 
Published: April 2021

Purpose – Arabic acquisition is the main element that has to be mastered by pupils in order to attain proficiency in the Arabic Language. A total of 600 words should be mastered in the j-QAF program. Nevertheless, mistakes in the vocabulary enrichment aspect, as well as its Arabic spelling often occur. The j-QAF program is a new education initiative introduced by the Ministry of Education (MOE) under the Islamic Education Section (IES) that was formerly known as the Department of Islamic and Moral Education (IMED). Hence, this research is to show the extent of the proficiency level of the pupils in Arabic vocabulary enrichment acquired through the j-QAF program in aspects such as spelling, word meaning knowledge and usage in sentences. This study will also introduce the vocabulary enrichment teaching intervention model which has been proved effective in regard to the Arabic language vocabulary enrichment aspect.

Methodology – An Arabic vocabulary enrichment mastering test covering the three aspects was administered to 120 standard 3 pupils in the district of Klang, Selangor. A total of 360 answer scripts were received and analysed. In addition, a set of questionnaires for pupils and Arabic teachers were also distributed to further strengthen the researched data.
Findings – The study shows that the percentage of grade A, B and C passes in the Arabic-spelling aspect was 100 percent, knowledge of meaning aspect was 84 percent and the usage of words in sentences aspect was 63 percent. Other than that, the results of the Arab language teachers' questionnaire reported that the proficiency of the primary school pupils has a significant impact on the learning of the Arabic language.
Significance – Innovation in teaching of Arabic and language and spread of religious studies especially Quranic studies and Hadith and also related studies.
An Analysis of Illocutionary Act in Incredible 2 Movie
Authors: Sihombing Partohap Saut Raja , Silalahi Dumaris E. , Saragih Debby Intragedy , Herman Herman 
Published: April 2021

The objective of this research is to analyze the types of illocutionary act in the Incredible 2 movie and to interpret the dominant types of illocutionary act. Searle’s theory are used by the researchers to answer the formulated research questions. This research is a qualitative research applying content or document analysis. The subject of this research is a movie entitled Incredible 2 movie The data were some scene including the illocutionary act in Incredible 2 movie. To collecting the data, the researchers downloading the movie from google, watching the film “Incredible 2” for several time, then searching for the script of the movie in the internet, watching the movie while reading the script, finding some sentences that are considered to have illocutionary act needed for the analysis and found the dominant types of illocutionary act, After collected the data, the researchers analyze the data based on some steps, classifying the illocutionary act, finding the dominant types of the illocutionary act, The findings of the research are as follows: in Incredible Movie, Searle’s theory there are 5 types of illocutionary act are found: From those types, in movie Incredible found the types of illocutionary act as follows : directives consist of 8 data (32%), assertive consist of 7 data (28%), expressive consist of 7 data (28%), commisive consist of 2 data (8%) and declaration sonsist of 1 data(4%).
Meteorological Influences on Urban Air Quality Parameters in Dhaka City
Authors: Islam Nafisa , Saroar Md Golam , Ahmed Tanvir 
Published: April 2021

This study aims at investigating the effect of meteorological parameters on seasonal variation of particulate matter(PM) (both PM2.5 and PM10) using a 4-year (2013-2016) monitoring data of air quality parameters from CASE project implemented by the Department of Environment (DoE). Using monthly data of the Continuous Air Monitoring Station(CAMS) of Darus-Salam, Dhaka, cross correlation analysisis performed between PM and meteorological parameters where inverse relationships of PM with temperature, rainfall and relative humidity are found. Increased biomass burning during low temperature period, washout effect of rainfall, wet deposition mechanism of higher humidity may be held responsible for these negative correlations. Significant seasonal variation is observed from daily data analysis of Darus Salam station and it is found that winter PM concentrations are 4.5-5.5 times higher than monsoon PM concentrations. Seasonal cross-correlation between PM10 and PM2.5 shows lower correlation during winter (December-February) and monsoon (June-September) seasons. Two possible effects can attribute to this seasonal difference: i) presence of biomass burning during winter which increases PM2.5 and ii) presence of rainfall during monsoon which decreases PM10.PM2.5/PM10 ratios for different months indicate the contrasting influences of different mechanisms on different sized PM particles. PM2.5/PM10 ratio is found to be higher during December-February and lower during March- September with a rise in August, which indicates the effect of 3 mechanisms: i) dilution effect of wind speed on PM2.5 during December-February, ii) re-suspension effect of wind speed on PM10 during March-September and iii) more pronounced scavenging effect of rainfall on PM10 during August. The study indicates the need for properly accounting the influence of meteorology for better understanding of PM variation in urban areas in Bangladesh.
Journal of Engineering Science 12(1), 2021, 1-8