bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ascertaining of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with clinical and instrumental methods in the group of young adults
Authors: Sójka Anna , Huber Juliusz , Kaczmarek Elżbieta , Hędzelek Wiesław 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. During the diagnostic process, the clinical examination of the masticatory system combined with jaw movement measurements can indicate the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) symptoms. Aim. The aim of the present study was to determine the presence of clinical symptoms of TMD in a group of subjects aged 19–27 years and to analyze the measurable parameters obtained from examinations carried out using the Arcus®digma.Material and methods. Eighty four dentate subjects from 19 to 27 years were recruited from students. Objective signs were studied with Helkimo Anamnetic index (Ai) and the subjective symptoms were evaluated with Gsellmann’s Occlusal Index (OI). Functional examination of the masticatory system was performed using Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction index (Di). Pain symptoms were determined in clinical examination using visual analogue scale. Software of Arcus®digma allowed the analysis of Bennett’s angle and movement, the horizontal condylar inclination, retrusion, anterior guidance and Immediate Side Shift.Results. Occasional pain occurred in 39% of students and correlated with increase of OI index, subjects with higher Di displayed higher values of OI. Comparison of Bennett’s angle values for the right and left TMJ showed the significant asymmetry, similarly like the values of Bennett’s movement and retrusion between the left and right TMJ.Conclusions. Bennett’s angle, Bennett’s movement and retrusion were significant parameters in instrumental evaluation of TMD symptoms. The questionnaire and clinical examination supplemented with axiographic recordings revealed the presence of TMD symptoms in students who were not fully aware of TMJ disorders.
The project “understAID” – a platform that helps informal caregivers to understand and aid their demented relatives
Authors: Skorupska Elżbieta , Mojs Ewa , Samborski Włodzimierz , Millán-Calenti José C. , Maseda Ana , Gregersen Rikke 
Published: April 2021

“UnderstAID” is a platform that helps informal caregivers to understand and aid their demented relatives. It is an international project initiated by Denmark, Poland and Spain.The aim of the project is to design, and implement the multimedia platform “understAID” to support informal caregivers of dementia patients. The project was launched in April 2013 and is expected to end 36 months later. The project is divided into five tasks concerning the final aim. The aim of task 1 is the management of the project, as well as the exploitation and dissemination of gathered information. Task 2 is meant to define the contents and solutions of the CarePlatform based on the knowledge gained from real-case studies. Demented elderlies from each country (n = 40) suffering from different degrees of dementia were evaluated by formal caregivers and dementia professionals. The aim of task 3 is the development of the social learning interface. Task 4 focuses on the CarePlatform development and system integration. Finally, task 5 assumes testing and validation of the platform. The platform is devised to be available in two versions, namely the light one for mobile appliance and the premium version. Also different activities leading to the popularization of the platform are planned.
The influence of diabetic status on the pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel and its metabolites in patients suffered from cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Karaźniewicz-Łada Marta , Danielak Dorota , Burchardt Paweł , Główka Franciszek 
Published: April 2021

Aim. A significant percentage of individuals treated with an anti-platelet agent clopidogrel do not receive the expected therapeutic effect. Clopidogrel resistance is even more prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). An extensive investigation on pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel and its metabolites in patients with type 2 DM suffering from cardiovascular diseases were performed following an administration of 75 mg of the drug.Material and methods. Plasma concentrations of clopidogrel, its carboxylic metabolite (CLPM) and diastereoisomers of a thiol metabolite (the inactive H3 and the active H4) were determined by a validated HPLC-MS/MS method. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the analytes in diabetic (n = 16) and non-diabetic (n = 28) patients were compared and correlated with platelet aggregation. Results. DM patients exhibited a slightly higher Cmax of clopidogrel (2.34 ± 2.29 ng/mL) compared with non-diabetic group (1.82 ± 1.86 ng/mL), whereas plasma levels of clopidogrel metabolites were lower in DM than in non-DM patients (2339 ± 989 ng/mL vs. 2662 ± 2090 ng/mL, 4.64 ± 4.79 ng/mL vs. 5.42 ± 4.55 ng/mL and 6.42 ± 4.80 ng/mL vs. 7.44 ± 7.18 ng/mL, respectively for CLPM, H3 and H4). A significant correlation was found between platelet aggregation and the Cmax of the active H4 metabolite in non-diabetic patients. Conclusions. Pharmacokinetic parameters of clopidogrel, CLPM, H3 and H4 isomers in patients with DM did not differ significantly from those determined in non-diabetic group. Moreover, the antiplatelet response to clopidogrel therapy measured by ADP-stimulated platelet aggregation was similar in both groups of patients.
The use of qualitative approach to detect and assess potential drug-drug interactions which may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives – pilot study and literature review
Authors: Kilińska Karolina , Cerbin-Koczorowska Magdalena , Matschay Arleta , Mierzwicki Michał , Chmaj-Wierzchowska Karolina 
Published: April 2021

Aim. The aim of the pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of the tool designed for detecting potential drug-drug interactions of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) with particular emphasis on those which can affect their contraceptive action. A proper study protocol design seems to be essential for further analysis of more data and for establishing correlations between observed interactions and demographic variables.Material and methods. The cross-sectional descriptive, retrospective study was carried out on Polish females from March to May 2013. Gathered data, including products used concomitantly with contraceptive drugs, were derived electronically by patients and underwent thematic analysis.Results. Out of 49 respondents who agreed to participate in the study and fit the inclusion criteria only 15 derived qualitative data about other medicinal products they used. However, some of them sent their monthly report more than once, which gave the total of 158 drugs listed in 25 forms gathered during the whole pilot study. Fifty-three potential drug interactions were found, including 13 (24.53%) which could have decreased the effectiveness of contraceptive drugs.Conclusions. Continuation of the study in accordance with the study protocol will result in identification of common potential drug-related problems, which may enable development of an educational solution for gynecologists, pharmacists and patients increasing their awareness of the potential risk of contraceptive failures and unintended pregnancies.
Medical students’ awareness of radiation exposure related to radiological imaging procedures
Authors: Jończyk-Potoczna Katarzyna , Strzelczuk-Judka Lidia , Szłyk Ewa , Stefaniak Łucja 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Current advancements in fields of medical sciences resulted in an increase of imaging examinations with a use of ionising radiation. Such increase leads to justified concerns about its possible consequences.Aim. Assessment of awareness and level of knowledge of medicine students in terms of ionising radiationMaterial and methods. Statistical analysis of 207 surveys of medical students from University of Medical Sciences in Poznan (UMP), Poland with use of Statistica softwareResults. There was no significant difference between the results of the assessment related to gender, year of studies or attendance to radiology classes. Conclusions. Students level of knowledge about the ionising radiation was unsatisfactory. A change in training program can be a benefit for patients and physicians.
Food allergies in children – aspects of epidemiology and diet management
Authors: Walczak Marcelina , Grzelak Teresa , Kramkowska Marta , Czyżewska Krystyna 
Published: April 2021

For many years there has been a steady increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases, especially in developed countries. Scientists expect that in the year 2020, atopic diseases will be present in 50% of the population worldwide. Determining the actual scale of the food allergy problem is extremely difficult due to differences in genetic and environmental factors, as well as inconsistent methodology for population and epidemiological research. Treatment of food hypersensitivity is primarily done by excluding a particular food from the diet, while introducing nutritionally equivalent alternatives. An elimination diet should be determined independently for each individual, taking into account the cause, nature, severity and symptoms of the disease. Placing food restrictions on children can interfere with their normal development. The prevailing opinion is that only a properly formulated and followed elimination diet does not endanger the health of the patient. Numerous dietary errors committed, knowingly or unknowingly, by parents can lead to malnutrition and its consequences in their children, such as rickets, anemia, and immune disorders. Therefore, in the long-term treatment of food allergies it is recommended that the caregivers fully cooperate with a doctor, nutritionist and psychotherapist. Due to the ever-increasing incidence of allergic diseases, researchers are looking for effective methods of prevention. Recent scientific reports suggest protective effects from such substances like probiotics, polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, antioxidants as well as, certain vegetables and fruits.
Idiopathic hirsutism – medical and psychological aspects
Authors: Jarząbek-Bielecka Grażyna , Warchoł-Biedermann Katarzyna , Kędzia Witold 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Hirsutism is a condition which results in excess of male pattern hair growth - the androgen dependent hair in females. Excessive hair growth usually starts around puberty. The aim of this study was to show the significance of hormonal diagnosis in female adolescent hirsute patients.Material and methods. The material consisted of medical documentation of 128 female adolescent patients aged 13–22 years who came for a consultation because of excessive male pattern hair growth (second degree of hirsutism according to the Ferriman-Gallwey scale) which they considered unacceptable. The history was indicative of considerable discomfort, decreased mood in subjects and low self-esteem (especially regarding patient’s femininity).Results. Results of the analysis were confronted with the results of a group of an equal number of participants.Conclusions. Hormonal tests in female patients with hirsutism were proven to constitute a major diagnostic element allowing for correct diagnosis of the cause of hirsutism, planning further tests and treatment methods.Considering its causes and effects, hirsutism in adolescent patients is a serious concern for developmental gynecology. This disorder is a endocrinological or gynecological problem, which influences patient's well-being.
Progress in study of Cannabis sativa leaves extracts without psychotropic cannabinoids in animal model of neuropathic pain
Authors: Ożarowski Marcin , Mikolajczak Przemysław Ł. , Bogacz Anna , Bartkowiak-Wieczorek Joanna , Kujawski Radosław , Majchrzycki Marian , Wielgus Karolina , Seremak-Mrozikiewicz Agnieszka , Czerny Bogusław 
Published: April 2021

Neuropathic pain is a type of chronic pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Current therapy for this pain includes the use of pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods but due to the fact that a lot of therapy does not produce the analgesic results, it is necessary to search for new and more effective pharmacological strategy in relief of this type of pain. One of the interesting natural sources of compounds against this type of pain is extract of Cannabis sativa without psychotropic cannabinoids. Medicinal properties of C. sativa have been explored for centuries. It is well established that active compounds of this herb act through two cannabinoid receptors (CB1, CB2) as endocannabinoid system in the central nervous system. The present review addresses the recent advances in the study of pharmacological mechanisms on cellular and receptor level underlying non-hallucinogenic cannabinoid analgesic effect. In recent years, results of studies allow to state that special plant extract of C. sativa (without psychotropic cannabinoids) may be a promising source of drug used to relieve neuropathic pain.
High mobility group box 1 protein in the central nervous system
Authors: Wąsik Norbert , Jankowski Roman , Sokół Bartosz , Shahid Hinna 
Published: April 2021

High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a multifunctional protein originally identified as a nuclear transcription modifier. Two pathways are leading to HMGB1 release to the extracellular space i.e. active secretion triggered by noxious stimulation and passive leakage due to necrotic membrane damage. Binding with receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) as well as Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 leads to nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B) activation and proinflammatory reaction in target cells. Secretion of cytokines, upregulation of adhesion molecules and chemoattraction are triggered by the extracellular HMGB1. Such ubiquitous and numerous protein plays a role in pathogenesis of many common diseases like sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis and pneumonia. Central nervous system (CNS) disorders are also mediated by HMGB1. Multiple studies highlight pivotal role of HMGB1 in acute pathologies of CNS like cerebral ischemia, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage as well as chronic degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. Wide range of HMGB1 antagonists are currently investigated as novel therapeutic agents in sepsis, colitis and stroke. This review article provides basic information about HMGB1 protein and its role in the pathogenesis of CNS diseases.
BUS RAPID TRANSIT POLICY IN MUNICIPAL CITY OF BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Hermawan Dedy , Sumanjoyo Simon 
Published: April 2021

<p>The aim of the research is to describe and discess the policy cycle of Bus Rapid Transit, the polemic in the policy of bus rapid transit, and the involvement of the stakeholder and their role in bus rapid transpit policy in Bandar Lampung. This research uses post positivistic paradigm with the approach of qualitative descriptive research method. This research resulted as: firstly, the bus rapid transit is an derivative regulation of Act No. 22 2009 regarding Traffic and Road Transport, aimed to reduce traffic jam in Bandar Lampung city. Secondly, the policy of bus rapid transit was arranged stage-by-stage with a full iniative from the Municipal goverement of Bandar Lampung, collaborated with the leading sector from Transportation Bureau of Bandar Lampung, involving PT Trans Bandar Lampung as the management in charge. Thirdly, there was a polemic of bus rapid transit policy regarding the monopoly of route of people transportation by the bus rapid transit, special treatment to bus rapid transit which don’t pay bus station retribution which is unfair, and there was some illegal fees on the employee in PT Trans .Bandar Lampung. Fourthly, the of bus rapid transit involves many stakeholders, such as Ministry of Transportatio of The Republic of Indonesia, |Transportation Bureau of Bandar Lampung City, The Regional Representatives Council of Bandar Lampung, Road Transportation Organization of Bandar Lampung, PT. Trans Bandar Lampung, Perum DAMRI Bandar Lampung, Lampung Region of Indonesia Transportation Society, Communication Forum of Public Car Transportation Bandar Lampung, CV. Devis Jaya, and also Indonesian Police and Civil Servant Security Forces.</p><p> </p><p>Keyword: Public policy, Transportation, Bus Rapid Transit</p>
DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS ANALYSIS ABOUT COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT INSTITUTION IN BONTANG CITY
Authors: Hairunnisa Hairunnisa 
Published: April 2021

<p align="center"> </p><p>Institute for Community Empowerment (Lembaga Pemberdayan Masyarakat – LPM) has been established in Bontang City area since 2001 and strengthened by Regional Regulation No. 12 of 2003 on the Institute for Community Empowerment and RT in Bontang City area. This paper aimed to describe the presence of LPM in bringing progress to the Bontang city development. There are four sectors that receive equal attention from the LPM, which includes the religious, infrastructure development, human resources and economics. To develop those four sectors LPM has several functions, consist of: fertilizing sense of unity and cohesion function, coordination plan and perform function, coordination and plan of social institutions function, and utilization of public funds for rural development function. The first three functions had been implemented well, while the last function was implemented quite well. However there were concerns about the process of development planning where participatory approach was not all active. Having this results, it can be conclude that the presence of LPM has positively influence the development in Bontang City.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords : Community Empowerment Institution.</p>
Efektivitas Implementasi Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Maryuni Sri 
Published: April 2021

Program Inovasi Kelurahan merupakan salah satu usaha Pemerintah Kota Pontianak untuk membangun kapasitas dan memberdayakan kelurahan sebagai ujung tombak pelayanan kepada masyarakat melalui kolaborasi, koordinasi dan konsultasi yang intensif dengan Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah tertentu sebagai partner kerjanya. Efektifitas implementasi Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak dapat dinilai dari empat ‘tepat’, yaitu: tepat kebijakannya, tepat pelaksananya, tepat target atau sasarannya dan tepat lingkungannya. Selain itu perlu didukung oleh tiga jenis dukungan, yaitu: dukungan politik, dukungan strategik dan dukungan teknis. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada dalam Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak dinilai sudah efektif, karena sebagian besar kegiatan telah memobilisasi sumber daya yang ada di lingkungannya guna meningkatkan kapasitas dan memberdayakan kelurahan. Implementor atau pelaksana Program Inovasi Kelurahan di masing masing kelurahan telah sesuai antara tema kegiatannya dengan Satuan Kerja Perangkat daerah (SKPD) selaku Pembina kegiatan tersebut.Sedangkan kelompok sasaran yang terlibat dalam implementasi PIK adalah: institusi kelurahan, SKPD di lingkungan Pemerintah Kota Pontianak dan kelembagaan masyarakat di Kota Pontianak. Kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada di masing-masing kelurahan dalam Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak dinilai sudah sesuai dengan lingkungannya, karena kegiatannya disesuaikan dengan kondisi lingkungannya dan telah memberikan manfaat yang luas kepada masyarakat. Disarankan Program Inovasi Kelurahan di Kota Pontianak berkesinambungan dari tahun ke tahun, karena program ini dapat mendorong kemandirian masyarakat dan institusi kelurahan untuk memperbaiki lingkungannya.
Paradoks Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (Studi Kasus Di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara)
Authors: Qomariyah Erni 
Published: April 2021

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat bahwa kebijakan desentralisasi sektor kesehatan merupakan strategi penting dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan kesehatan untuk masyarakat. Prinsip dasarnya adalah pelayanan publik yang paling efisien seharusnya diselenggarakan oleh otoritas yang memiliki kontrol geografis yang paling minimal. Pemerintah daerah mungkin memiliki cukup otoritas dan akses pada sumber-sumber keuangan, akan tetapi jika tidak dikelola dengan seksama, desentralisasi tidak akan menghasilkan manfaat bagi daerah.<strong> </strong>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelayanan publik kesehatan ibu dan anak belum menggembirakan. Banyak faktor ynag menjadi penyebabnya, antara lain : 1) Sulawesi Tenggara merupakan provinsi kedua terendah di Indonesia dalam proses kelahiran yang ditolong tenaga kesehatan, 2) Semakin memburuknya ketersediaan Pos Persalinan Desa (Polindes) dimana jumlah desa yang harus dilayani oleh setiap satu Pustu menurun. Komitmen pemerintah daerah dengan menyediakan anggaran yang cukup besar di bidang kesehatan harus dimbangi dengan penyediaan fasilitas dan kemudahan pelayanan kesehatan. Karena Sulawesi Tenggara sebenarnya merupakan provinsi yang meraih PAD tertinggi di pulau Sulawesi tetapi justru kemiskinannya menduduki peringkat ke 11 secara nasional. <strong></strong></p><strong>Kata kunci: Paradoks, Desentralisasi Kesehatan, Pelayanan Publik, Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak</strong>
Pengaruh Budaya Kerja Pengemudi Angkutan Umum Kota Terhadap Kepuasan Penumpang di Kota Padang
Authors: Kasandra Digna , Frinaldi Aldri , Lanin Dasman 
Published: April 2021

<p>Keluhan yang lazim diungkapkan oleh masyarakat pengguna layanan angkutan kota berkaitan dengan budaya kerja pengemudi angkutan kota antara lain pengemudi angkutan kota yang mengambil dan menurunkan penumpang di luar pangkalan dan suka ngetem, memutar musik dengan volume tinggi, ugal-ugalan dan mengemudikan angkutan kota dengan kecepatan tinggi dan kebut-kebutan di jalan raya dan rem mendadak jika melihat ada calon penumpang di pinggir jalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh budaya kerja pengemudi angkutan kota terhadap kepuasan penumpang di Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 400 penumpang angkutan kota di Kota Padang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus slovin dan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket dengan pengukuran skala likert dan wawancara. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis uji regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terbukti adanya pengaruh yang signifikan budaya kerja pengemudi angkutan kota terhadap kepuasan penumpang di Kota Padang sebesar 19,1%. Berdasarkan hasil ini perlu upaya pemerintah kota Padang merumuskan suatu bimbingan teknis kepada para pengemudi angkutan kota tentang nilai-nilai budaya kerja yang dapat meningkatkan kepuasan penumpang.</p>Keywords: Budaya Kerja; Kepuasan Penumpang ; Angkutan Kota<em></em>