bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin and Factors Effecting Dissolved Organic Matter in Karst Spring, Southwest China
Authors: Liao Yu , Shen Licheng , Sun Yuchuan , Zhang Mei , Wang LaChun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The dissolved biomarker composition of water samples was detected and quantified through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate the source of organic matter and its influencing factors in a subtropical monsoon karst spring. All water samples were collected in Chongqing, southwest China, in May, June, and July 2015. An analysis of the carbon number distribution characteristics and molecular characteristic parameters indicated that the dissolved organic matter in water samples mainly came from microorganism. The average biomarker contents in the samples were controlled by multi-factor coupling and showed an increasing trend in May, June, and July; this trend was consistent with temperature and inverse with rainfall. Human activities, such as urbanization and land use type, affected the fatty acid composition of the spring water. In forested land, the main fatty acids in water were saturated normal fatty acids with carbon numbers of 14,16, and 18, respectively. The C16:1ω9 (c) fatty acid, denoting the origin of algae, was found in high abundance in the water samples of the Mudu River Basin, which contains agricultural land far from urban areas. C18:1 ω9 (t), a biomarker of Gram-negative bacteria, was detected in large quantities in the cultivated land of the Laolongdong watershed.
Predictive Value of F-SIRI in Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Radical Hepatectomy
Authors: panyi hu , Zhang Yongwei , qian yeben 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Objective to evaluate the predictive value of preoperative fibrinogen and systemic inflammatory response index (F-SIRI) in the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical hepatectomy. Methods: the clinical data of 298 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent surgery and confirmed by postoperative pathology in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The F-SIRI score was calculated according to FIB and SIRI data of peripheral blood. The relationship between F-SIRI score and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The survival analysis was performed by Kaplan Meier method, Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors. Results: preoperative F-SIRI score was correlated with tumor diameter, FIB and SIRI (P<0.05), but not with age, gender, TNM stage and other clinical features (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the 5-year DFS rate and OS rate among patients with different preoperative F-SIRI scores(P<0.05); Cox regression analysis showed that preoperative tumor diameter, alpha fetoprotein level and F-SIRI score were independent predictors of DFS in patients with HCC (P< 0.05), while preoperative tumor diameter, ALB and F-SIRI score as independent predictors of OS (P<0.05). Conclusion: preoperative F-SIRI is an independent prognostic factor in patients with HCC after radical hepatectomy, with poor prognosis in patients with high level of F-SIRI.
Biological Controls of Fusarium Tomato-wilt Disease by the Blue-green Alga Nostoc Spp.
Authors: El-Sheekh Mostafa M. , Deyab Mohamed A. , Hasan Reham S. A. , Ahmed Seham E. Abu , Elsadany Abdelgawad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of extract and culture of certain cyanobacteria on pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) that infects tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant in vitro and in vivo. Some cyanobacteria isolates were isolated from saline soils of El-Hamoul and Seidy Salem location and identified. Bioactive compounds of isolates were analyzed by GC–MC. Dry weight, carotene, chlorophyll content, and total phenolic compounds of isolates were measured. Plant height (cm), dry weight (g), fruit number, and fruit weight (g) of tomato were estimated. Isolates were defined as Nostoc calcicola and Nostoc linckia. GC/MS analysis showed 49 and 35 bioactive compounds from N. calcicola and N. linckia, respectively. N. calcicola possess a higher amount of dry weight, chlorophyll a, carotenoid, and total phenol that measured 670.43 mg.L− 1, 1.91 mg/g fresh wt., 466.67 µg/g fresh wt., and 47.00 mg (GAE) g− 1, respectively, compared to N. linckia. After 100 days, the results showed highest yield values of tomato fruits with Nostoc sp. compared with untreated plants and plants infected with Fusarium.
Distinctive Clinical and Pathologic Features of Immature Teratomas Arising from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Injection in a Patient with type 2 Diabetes: A Case Report
Authors: Han Lei , He Hao , Yang Yihao , Meng Qingyin , Ye Fan , Chen Gong , Zhang Jing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: As a new potential cure for diabetes, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are characterized by self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into pancreatic islet β-cells, which will hopefully secrete insulin and rebuild blood glucose balance. The safety and validity of iPSC treatment for diabetes remain controversial. One of the most serious risks is teratoma formation arising from undifferentiated stem cells, but clinical reports are rare.Case presentation: Here, we report a distinctive case of immature teratoma after iPSC treatment for diabetes, which was accidentally treated in our soft tissue sarcoma centre. The patient received islet β-cell injection, in which the cells were differentiated from autologous iPSCs, into the deltoideus muscle. Two months later, a mass located in the injection area formed with enlarged axillary lymph nodes. Here, we present the different clinical, radiological and pathological features of this immature teratoma in detail. Distinctive from typical immature teratomas, the tumour was characterized by rapid growth and local lymph node metastasis. The tumour was not sensitive to typical chemotherapy regimens for immature teratomas. MRI scanning showed heterogeneous enhancement and a rich blood supply to the tumour. The histopathology showed immature endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm tissues composed of osseous, cartilaginous, vascular and adenoid tissues, which have more cellular atypia than typical teratomas. Staining for both Oct-4 and Sox-2 was positive in the tumour cell nucleus by immunofluorescence assay, but insulin staining was negative. Next-generation sequencing showed many missense mutations, but abnormal gene rearrangement or copy number was not observed.Conclusions: More attention should be given to teratoma formation after iPSC treatment for diabetes, which is more aggressive than typical teratomas. The safety and validity of iPSC treatment for diabetes should be confirmed by more standardized clinical trials.
Significance of Serological Markers in Neurological Function and Progression Rate of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Chen Xiaowen , Li Junrong , Lv Yingying , Zhang Wei , Xu xiujian , Kong Delian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective The present study was to investigate the significance of creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HCY (Homocysteine), and cystatin C in neurological function and progression rate of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of EI-Escorial (2000), 103 patients with ALS were enrolled. All patients were given corresponding serological tests at the initial diagnosis. The Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) and Disease Progression Rate (DPR) were evaluated. The detected indexes in blood tests included creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, homocysteine, and cystatin C. All data were input into the computer, and the data analysis was performed by SPSS22.0 statistical software.Results 1. There were significant differences in creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase, total cholesterol, HCY and cystatin C between the two groups (P<0.05). The levels of uric acid and creatinine of ALS group were lower than those of the control group, and the levels of creatine kinase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HCY and cystatin C were higher than that in the control group. 2. The results from correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between ALSFRS-R and creatinine (P<0.01), the correlation coefficient was 0.567 (positive correlation); There was also a significant correlation between DPR and creatinine (P<0.01), and the correlation coefficient was -0.808 (negative correlation). The correlations of DPR with triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly negative correlated (P<0.05), with -0.201 and -0.210 of correlation coefficients, respectively. The remaining indexes did not show any correlation with ALSFRS-R and DPR. Conclusions 1. Uric acid and creatinine of ALS patients were lower than that in healthy people. Creatine kinase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HCY, and cystatin C in ALS patients were higher than those in health controls. There were significant metabolic abnormalities in ALS patients. 2. Creatinine level is an independent risk factor affecting ALSFRS-R. The creatinine and total cholesterol levels are also the independent risk factors affecting DPR. Creatinine and total cholesterol levels could be used as reliable indicators to evaluate the ALSFRS-R and DPR of ALS patients.
Associations of Serum Total Bilirubin with Survival Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Cachexia: A Retrospective, Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Li Xiang-Rui , Zhang Qi , Zhang Kang-Ping , Zhang Xi , Ruan Guo-Tian , Song Meng-Meng , Ge Yi-Zhong , Zhang Xiao-Wei , Song Chun-Hua , Shi Han ping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer cachexia is a systemic paraneoplastic phenomenon involving multiple organs, including the liver. Total bilirubin (TBIL) is an easily obtained blood biomarker that reflects liver homeostasis. This work evaluated the prognostic value of serum TBIL in patients with cancer cachexia.Methods: This study included 2,282 patients from a multicenter research database who were diagnosed with cancer cachexia between June 2012 and December 2019. The hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. The association of serum TBIL with all-cause mortality was modeled with restricted cubic splines. The optimal cutoff value for TBIL was calculated with maximally selected rank statistics.Results: Among the participants, there were 1,327 (58.2%) males and 955 (41.8%) females. The mean patient age was 60.4±1.5 years. The 12-month all-cause mortality rate for patients with cancer cachexia was 29.5% (95% CI: 27.6%-31.3%), resulting in a rate of 209.58 events per 1000 patient-years. An inverted L-shaped association between TBIL and all-cause mortality was observed. The cutoff point for TBIL for the prediction of the time to mortality was < 21.7 µmol/L. A high TBIL level but not the direct bilirubin (DBIL) or indirect bilirubin (IBIL) level was identified as an independent prognostic factor (HR, 1.60, 95% CI, 1.32-1.93). For patients with digestive system tumors, a high serum TBIL level (≥21.7 µmol/L) was significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: High TBIL levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients and might be a promising prognostic indicator in patients with cancer cachexia.
Physiological Responses of Beet and Cabbage Plants Exposed to Copper and their Potential Insertion in Human Food Chain
Authors: Schmitt Odair J. , Andriolo Jerônimo L. , Silva Isley C. B. , Tiecher Tadeu L. , Chassot Tatiane , Tarouco Camila Peligrinotti , Lourenzi Cledimar Rogério , Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira , Marchezan Carina , Casagrande Cleiton Renato , Drescher Gerson Laerson , Kreutz Márcio André , Brunetto Gustavo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Copper (Cu) can be toxic to vegetables when it is absorbed and accumulated at large concentrations, a fact that increases the risk of excessive addition of this metal to the human food chain. The aims of the current study are (1) to determine the Cu concentrations that have critical toxic effects on beet and cabbage plants, and the potential of these plants to enter the human food chain; as well as (2) to assess the physiological and biochemical responses of representatives of these vegetables grown in nutrient solution presenting increasing Cu concentrations. Beet and cabbage plants were grown for 75 days in pots filled with sand added with nutrient solution presenting six Cu concentrations: 0.00, 0.52, 1.02, 1.52, 2.02 and 2.52 mg Cu L -1 . Dry matter yield and Cu accumulation in different plant organs were evaluated. Photosynthetic pigment contents, lipid peroxidation levels (TBARs), superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) activity, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ) concentrations in leaves were evaluated. Critical Cu concentrations that led to toxicity in plant organs such as beetroot and cabbage head, which are often found in human diets, corresponded to 1.43 mg Cu L -1 and 1.59 mg Cu L -1 , respectively. High Cu concentrations in the nutrient solution have increased Cu concentrations and accumulation in plant tissues. This outcome justified the increased POD and SOD enzyme activity in the leaves of beet and cabbage plants, respectively, as well as was the cause of reduced plant growth in both crops. Cabbage plants presented higher tolerance to increased Cu levels in the growing environment than beet plants. However, it is necessary being careful at the time to consume both vegetables, when they are grown in Cu-enriched environments.
Bio-Medical Applications of Chitosan Linked Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract Nanopolymer
Authors: P Shlini , Johnson Jessin Thangam , Tabassum Tahreem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nanotechnology has numerous applications in science and technology. The nanomaterial which are plant based have drawn more attention due to its immense application in various fields because of their physico-chemical properties. Physical, chemical, and biological processes are used to create nanomaterials. Physiochemical processes are costly and hazardous to the environment, whereas biological processes involving nanoparticles are thought to be environmentally friendly. In recent times considerable research interest has evolved using chitosan nanoparticles as they have emerged as one of the most exciting tools due to their increased surface-volume ratio and are of great interest for nanomedicine and development of new therapeutic drug release systems with improved bioavailability, increased specificity and sensitivity, and reduced pharmacological toxicity. In the present investigation, we have synthesized chitosan nanoparticles using Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract by the ionic gelation technique and was characterized using UV spectrophotometer and FTIR. The optical density of the broad peak of Chitosan-Rosemary Leaf nanopolymer was found to be at 0.587. The FTIR results recorded the absorption peaks at 3381 cm‾ 1 , and 1666 cm‾ 1 which represented the O-H stretch and C=C bond stretching respectively. Thus, there was a stretching from higher wavelength region to lower wavelength region demonstrating the interaction of tripolyphosphate with chitosan and biomolecules by reduced hydrogen bonding. Further, the study was designed to determine the cytoprotective and DNA protection activity. The results of our study lend pharmacological credence to the bio-medical applications, ethno medical use of this plant in traditional system of medicine.
Barriers to Translational Research in Windsor Ontario: A Survey of Clinical Care Providers and Health Researchers
Authors: Senecal Justin Bruni , Metcalfe Karen , Wilson Kaila , Woldie Indryas , Porter Lisa A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTranslational research is an ideology focussed on streamlining the transition of novel research into clinical practice to ultimately benefit populations. Central to this approach is overcoming barriers to research involvement and interdisciplinary collaboration. While these have been the subject of several studies, the research community of Windsor-Essex lacks the large tertiary institution typical of the communities that are the usually the subject of this research. In this study, we surveyed clinicians and researchers working in Windsor-Essex to gain insight into barriers to translational research important to those working in smaller sized, community-based research networks. MethodsUsing an anonymous close-ended Qualtrics survey distributed via email, we surveyed faculty members from The University of Windsor and clinical care providers from Windsor-Essex (n=68). This included 24 physicians, 14 allied health professionals, and 30 non-clinician researchers. Results Managing competing interests, lack of time, funding, infrastructure, and networks were identified by greater than 75% of participants as barriers to research involvement. 62% of physicians identified the lack of permanent post-graduate medical trainees as a barrier. Clinicians were consistently less experienced in research skills compared to others; particularly in publishing results and applying for funding (p<0.001). Schedule incompatibility, funding issues and identifying interested collaborators with overlapping interests were identified as barriers to interdisciplinary collaboration by 80% of participants. Moreover, 54% of those surveyed were unhappy with their research involvement and these individuals were 9% more likely to perceive research as important for their career progression (p=0.046). ConclusionsThis study identifies several important barriers to translational research in Windsor-Essex and suggests that many motivated researchers are unhappy with their current involvement. These results will inform decision making in the research community of Windsor-Essex and provides insight for communities of similar size and research capacity. Ultimately, enabling the translation of clinical research in all communities is required to ensure equitable access to cutting edge care.
Management and Attitudes of Patients Victims Accidental Exposure to Blood at the Day Care Unit of the Central Hospital of Yaoundé (Cameroon) from January 2007 to December 2016
Authors: Defo Defo , Kouotou Emmanuel Armand , Feungue Ulrich Nguena , Domo Joseline , Ndam Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap , Tounouga Dahlia Noelle , Ndam Elie Claude Ndjitoyap 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: There is little data on Accidental Exposure to Blood (AEB) in Cameroon.Objectives: to learn about the management of AEB among professional and non-professional patient at the day care unit of the Central Hospital of YaoundéMethod: This was a 10-year retrospective study in which data concerning socio-demographic characteristics, exposure and consultation circumstances, measures taken after the accident, the status of the source patient and of the patient consultant and the prescribed ARV protocol were analyzed.Results: Six hundred files were selected, including 49.2% professional exposure and 50.2% non-professional. The mean age was 30 ± 9.7 years with extremes of 11 and 67 years. The main circumstances of AEB were needle stick (professional AEB) and rape (non-professional AEB). Prophylaxis with triple antiretroviral therapy has been prescribed to all patients.Conclusion: Non-professional and professional AEB are found in equivalent proportions in our series. Triple antiretroviral therapy was prescribed for all patients. Staff awareness policies could be developed to respect universal precautionary measures.
Real-time studies of plasma membrane damage trigger cell apoptosis from sulfhydryl nanoparticles to support safety assessment of nanoscale materials
Authors: Wang Ting , Qu Guanwen , Cai Chenglong , Wang Yichuan , You Boru , Shuai Zhewei , Zhang Yixin , Feng Zhangqi , Shang Jing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Sulfhydryl groups are present on the surface of nanoparticles in unburned vehicle exhaust and most air pollutants produced by combustion, which raises the risk for exposure of human. Sulfhydride nanoparticles not only penetrate the skin range from the stratum corneum to pass below the dermis, they also entering the systemis circulation from cell endocytosis pass way. The potential risk of skin and body healthy associated from sulfhydride nanoparticles were attach much attentions. It is important to illuminate the underlying toxicity of sulfhydride nanoparticles to humanbody, but the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of nanoparticles on cells remain unclear, especially the relationship from the damage of cells plasma membrane and the cell cycle.Methods: We performed time-response studies and cells-membrane interaction studies in C6 cells to observe the effects of 50nm and 200nm sulfhydryl nanoparticles on the activities, cell metabolism and cell cycle. The cells were exposed to 0, 10 or 20 Nano particles for 12, 36, 24, 48 or 72h to finish the particle- response studies. On the time of treatment, cells were collected to assess the expression of tight junction-associated proteins, P21, FBW7 and cyclin E. To further investigate the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle-induced dysregulation of tight junction-associated protein, we studied the change of lipid bilayers. Sum frequency generation optic spectrum was carried out to study the membrane change. Results: The results show that the smaller particles penetrate the plasma membrane and without bilayer disruption, whereas the larger one will pilled off one leaflet of the membrane, they are mostly trapped in endosomes. The larger ones result in slow but unrepairable cell necrosis and caused cell cycle regulation disorders via disturbing the expression of p21, cyclin E, and FBW-7. Conclusion: The results suggest that the destruction of membrane structure by the particles will cause irreversible biological damage, and particles entering cells through protein assisted process will increase the expression of cell cycle related proteins and cells self-repair can be observed from the in vitro experiments. From the interactions between mitochondria lipid model and nanoparticles, we deduced that, the efficiencies of nano-scaled drugs could be enhanced by altering the interaction models of nano systems and mitochondria. In the future, mitochondria membrane proteins would also be carefully explored to confirm their roles in the active mitochondrial uptake of nanoparticles and provide new channels for safe and effective mitochondria targeting drug delivery. Real-time studies of plasma membrane damage from sulfhydryl nanoparticles, and analysis the triggering of cell apoptosis, will support safety assessment of nanoscale materials.