bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal diagnostics of mechanical gear elements of combine harvester
Authors: Pastukhov A G , Timashov E P , Kravchenko I N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The work carried out practical testing of the technology of thermal diagnostics of belt gear elements of the grating mill drive of the combine harvester. The basis of the technology is the principle of using the coefficient of the temperature ratio on the surface of the diagnosed unit and temperature in the friction zone, expressed through the coefficient of proportionality of the finite element model. The peculiarity of the thermal diagnostics, in this case, is to compare the temperature in the friction zone with the maximum allowable temperature for the direct contact zone in the mechanical transmission unit. The object of the study is the tensioning roller of the drive of the grating mill of the first stage of the CLAAS TUCANO 580 combine harvester with 6203-2RS TIMKEN bearings. The result of the numerical experiment showed a significant effect on the temperature in the friction zone of the operational parameters - radial force and rotational speed. The use of 3D-modeling made it possible to determine the key parameter of the proposed thermal diagnostics technology - the proportionality coefficient of the finite-element model k=0.489. The temperature of the bearing assembly of the tension roller was measured periodically, using a non-contact method during harvesting in the 2020 season. For the period of regular observations of 128 moto-hours, the value of the maximum temperature growth rate in the friction zone Vτ=0.025 °C/min and the maximum temperature in the friction zone 69.5 °C, taking into account the ambient air temperature, were determined. No failures of the diagnosed unit were found. In the process of application of thermal diagnostics technology, no errors of the first kind are recorded, which indicates the effectiveness of the proposed technology.
Substantiation of the parameters of the working bodies of undulating disks of soil-cultivating harrows with a bionic approach
Authors: Sobolevsky I V , Pashtetskiy V S , Kalafatov I I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article presents the methods and results of the bionic approach in the system of agricultural mechanics, which made it possible to theoretically substantiate the main parameters of the model of the working organs of wavy discs using two bionic prototypes - the burrowing leg and radial ribs of the bivalve shell of the edible heart-shaped mollusk (Cerastoderma edule) and the burrowing leg of the dung beetle common (Geotrupes stercorarius). The model of the working bodies of undulating disks allows one to preserve the anti-erosion resistance of the soil in the upper cultivated layer in order to preserve its structure and stubble background during non-moldboard tillage in the soil-protective agriculture system for the technologies “Verti-till” and “Strip-till”. The results of theoretical studies on the substantiation of the design parameters of the working bodies of wavy discs for surface tillage are presented.
Development of the forest strip network in the territory of the Volokonovsky district by carrying out an adaptive landscape agriculture system
Authors: Melentyev A A , Zapara Y Y , Zheltukhina V I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the last decade of the twentieth century, there have been significant negative transformations of arable land in the main agricultural regions of Russia. Traditional and zonal farming systems were disrupted, extensive agricultural technologies began to prevail with low doses of mineral fertilizers, a sharp reduction in the number of soil treatments and the use of organic fertilizers and ameliorants, disruption of crop rotation, and burning of stubble. Under these conditions, degradation processes have developed extremely strongly: erosion and plowing, dehumification and acidification, alkalization, and salinization. Many lands turned out to be abandoned, the weediness of crops increased sharply. With a decrease in the real (effective) land fertility and the level of technological culture of agriculture, the profitability of crop production fell sharply. The volume of soil protection and erosion control measures has sharply decreased. Traditional recommendations on soil-protective crop rotations and agrotechnics in the new economic conditions turned out to be practically inaccessible for most farms and cooperative farms, the necessary condition for the survival of which is a quick return on financial investments. The development of agricultural production in the current environmental and economic conditions (the vital need to increase the profitability of production, on the one hand, and a serious aggravation of the agroecological situation and, as a consequence, the increase in environmental and economic risks of production, on the other) requires a transition to adaptive landscape farming systems, which are the next stage of landscape-ecological detailing and economic and economic adaptation of previously developed zonal farming systems.
Ecological methods of protecting bearded irises in the urban environment
Authors: Seraya L G , Larina G E , Bondareva E V , Ivanova I O , Polyakova N N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article presents data from a long-term phytopathological survey of a collection of varieties Iris x hybrida Hort. Main Botanical Garden named after N.V. Tsitsin RAS (Moscow). Data on diseases of bearded irises in the urban environment were obtained, changes in the composition of the fungal complex in the rhizo- and phyllosphere were studied. Low soil fertility during the adaptation period of bearded irises worsens the formation and development of the root system of plants, increases the likelihood of increased disease damage and premature leaf fall. The experience of successful establishment of cultivators Iris x hybrida with the use of complex preventive and health-improving measures to improve fertility and reduce stress factors has been obtained. It was found that the introduction of NPK-complex, etching with a biofungicide based on phytobacteriomycin, and spraying vegetative plants with a microbiological preparation based on saprophytic antagonist fungi and bacteria within two years from the moment of transplanting varieties of garden bearded irises have a positive effect on their survival rate and decorative effect. The use of biological fungicides in combination with a complex of fertilizers is mandatory in a pesticide-free protection system for garden iris varieties sensitive to mycoses.
Algorithm for assessing the efficiency of siting solar power plants at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Krasnodar region
Authors: Kirichenko A S , Kirichenko E V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The features of agricultural energy in the Krasnodar Territory are considered and two main problems are identified: the shortage of generating capacities and the remoteness of low-power consumers from centralized networks, for the solution of which renewable energy sources, including solar energy, can be used. The use of solar power plants at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the region has been substantiated. The importance of automating the process of assessing the territory suitable for the placement of solar power facilities and the features of its implementation are substantiated. Criteria have been obtained that influence the choice of the optimal option for placing solar power facilities, based on the methodology for calculating the power and the amount of generated energy. The features of calculating the matrix of spatial characteristics for renewable energy facilities in the Krasnodar Territory are shown. An algorithm for creating a matrix of spatial data and an algorithm for choosing the optimal option for placing solar power plants are presented. The use of a high-level programming language Python is proposed to implement the created algorithm. The conclusion is made about the possibility of automating the process of assessing the efficiency of the placement of solar power plants in the Krasnodar Territory using modern computing technology in the format of a geoformation application developed in the Python programming language.
Quantitative Image Analysis as an Adjunct to Manual Scoring of ER, PgR, and HER2 in Invasive Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Yousif Mustafa , Huang Yiyuan , Sciallis Andrew , Kleer Celina G , Pang Judy , Smola Brian , Naik Kalyani , McClintock David S , Zhao Lili , Kunju Lakshmi P , Balis Ulysses G J , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Biomarker expression evaluation for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an essential prognostic and predictive parameter for breast cancer and critical for guiding hormonal and neoadjuvant therapy. This study compared quantitative image analysis (QIA) with pathologists’ scoring for ER, PgR, and HER2.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was undertaken of 1,367 invasive breast carcinomas, including all histopathology subtypes, for which ER, PgR, and HER2 were analyzed by manual scoring and QIA. The resulting scores were compared, and in a subset of HER2 cases (n = 373, 26%), scores were correlated with available fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results.

Results
Concordance between QIA and manual scores for ER, PgR, and HER2 was 93%, 96%, and 90%, respectively. Discordant cases had low positive scores (1%-10%) for ER (n = 33), were due to nonrepresentative region selection (eg, ductal carcinoma in situ) or tumor heterogeneity for PgR (n = 43), and were of one-step difference (negative to equivocal, equivocal to positive, or vice versa) for HER2 (n = 90). Among HER2 cases where FISH results were available, only four (1.0%) showed discordant QIA and FISH results.

Conclusions
QIA is a computer-aided diagnostic support tool for pathologists. It significantly improves ER, PgR, and HER2 scoring standardization. QIA demonstrated excellent concordance with pathologists’ scores. To avoid pitfalls, pathologist oversight of representative region selection is recommended.
Effect of Different Organic Substrates on Selected Life History Traits and Nutritional Composition of Black Soldier fly (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Singh Anshika , Marathe Deepak , Raghunathan Karthik , Kumari Kanchan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBlack soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L. [Diptera: Stratiomyidae]) has gained huge popularity in different industrial and commercial sectors because of its excellent potential to treat organic waste and high biomass production. As the industrial application of BSF is expanding at accelerated rates, there is a need to optimize its mass scale production where the organic substrates play a very crucial role in optimal growth and development. The present study deals with the investigation of different life history attributes of BSF such as larval and adult weights, survival, pupation rate, and the development time as the function of different organic substrates [fruits and vegetable mix (T1); wheat bran, soy, and corn meal mix (T2); and the dairy manure (T3)]. The larval, pupal, and adult weights differed across all three treatments (P &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in the survival rate of larvae among T1 and T2 however, T3 differed significantly from T1 and T2. Likewise, the pupation rate and the development time differed significantly between the three treatments. Results indicated that the BSF development was least in dairy manure treatment and therefore, higher percent mortality and higher development time were observed. However, to deal with the problems of waste management and treatment, BSF larvae can be successfully employed for the treatment of any type of waste since it showed significant treatment efficiencies.
Disparities in postpartum depression screening participation between immigrant and Danish-born women
Authors: Marti-Castaner Maria , Hvidtfeldt Camila , Villadsen Sarah Fredsted , Laursen Bjarne , Pedersen Trine Pagh , Norredam Marie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Qualitative studies suggest that immigrant women experience barriers for postpartum depression (PPD) screening. This study examines the prevalence of participation in PPD screening in the universal home-visiting programme in Denmark, in relation to migrant status and its association with acculturation factors, such as length of residence and age at migration.

Methods
The sample consists of 77 694 births from 72 292 mothers (2015–18) that participated in the programme and were registered in the National Child Health Database. Lack of PPD screening using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was examined in relation to migrant group and acculturation factors. We used Poisson regression with cluster robust standard errors to estimate crude and adjusted relative risk.

Results
In total, 27.8% of Danish-born women and 54.7% of immigrant women lacked screening. Compared with Danish-born women, immigrant women in all groups were more likely to lack PPD screening (aRR ranging from 1.81 to 1.90). Women with low acculturation were more likely to lack screening. Women who migrated as adults [aRR = 1.27 (95% CI 1.16, 1.38)] and women who had resided in Demark for &lt;5 years [aRR = 1.37 (95% CI 1.28, 1.46)] were more likely to lack screening.

Conclusions
Immigrant women in Denmark, particularly recent immigrants, are at increased risk of not being screened for PPD using the EPDS. This can lead to under-recognition of PPD among immigrant women. More work is needed to understand how health visitors recognize the mental health needs of immigrant women who are not screened, and whether this gap results in reduced use of mental health services.
Recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris: from transcriptionally redesigned strains to bioprocess optimization and metabolic modelling
Authors: Ergün Burcu Gündüz , Berrios Julio , Binay Barış , Fickers Patrick 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Pichia pastoris is one of the most widely used host for the production of recombinant proteins. Expression systems that rely mostly on promoters from genes encoding alcohol oxidase 1 or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase have been developed together with related bioreactor operation strategies based on carbon sources such as methanol, glycerol, or glucose. Although, these processes are relatively efficient and easy to use, there have been notable improvements over the last twenty years to better control gene expression from these promoters and their engineered variants. Methanol-free and more efficient protein production platforms have been developed by engineering promoters and transcription factors. The production window of P. pastoris has been also extended by using alternative feedstocks including ethanol, lactic acid, mannitol, sorbitol, sucrose, xylose, gluconate, formate or rhamnose. Herein, the specific aspects that are emerging as key parameters for recombinant protein synthesis are discussed. For this purpose, a holistic approach has been considered to scrutinize protein production processes from strain design to bioprocess optimization, particularly focusing on promoter engineering, transcriptional circuitry redesign. This review also considers the optimization of bioprocess based on alternative carbon sources and derived co-feeding strategies. Optimization strategies for recombinant protein synthesis through metabolic modelling are also discussed.
‘She showed me a new path, a way forward’: exploring how navigation influences mental health among Guatemalan gay and bisexual men living with HIV
Authors: Davis Dirk A , Muessig Kathryn E , Matthews Derrick D , Angeles Gustavo , McNaughton-Reyes Luz , Guzmán Karla , Northbrook Sanny , Barrington Clare 
Published: November 2021

Summary
Mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, are a common comorbidity among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) living with HIV. Informed by social support theory, health navigation is a strengths-based intervention that has been demonstrated to improve HIV care outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore how health navigation influences the mental health of GBMSM living with HIV. We analyzed longitudinal qualitative in-depth interviews conducted with GBMSM (n = 29) in a 12-month multi-component intervention to improve HIV care outcomes, including health navigation. We used narrative and thematic analytic approaches to identify salient themes, including if and how themes changed over time. Participants described that navigator support helped them maintain good mental health, prevent crises and respond to crises. Navigator support included providing motivational messaging, facilitating participants’ control over their health and improving access to care, which aided with supporting mental health. Navigators also responded to acute crises by providing guidance for those newly diagnosed with HIV and support for those experiencing critical life events. Participants emphasized the importance of feeling heard and valued by their navigators and gaining hope for the future as key to their wellbeing. In conclusion, health navigation may be an effective intervention for promoting mental health among GBMSM living with HIV. Additional research is needed to examine mediating pathways between navigation and mental health, including informational support, or if navigator support moderates the relationship between stressors and mental health outcomes for GBMSM.
Clinical characterization of a novel RAB39B nonstop mutation in a family with ASD and severe ID causing RAB39B downregulation and study of a Rab39b knock down mouse model
Authors: Mignogna Maria Lidia , Ficarella Romina , Gelmini Susanna , Marzulli Lucia , Ponzi Emanuela , Gabellone Alessandra , Peschechera Antonia , Alessio Massino , Margari Lucia , Gentile Mattia , D’Adamo Patrizia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) often exist together in patients. The RAB39B gene has been reported to be mutated in ID patients with additional clinical features ranging from ASD, macrocephaly, seizures and/or early-onset parkinsonism. Here, we describe a novel RAB39B nonstop mutation [Xq28; c.640 T &gt; C; p.(*214Glnext*21)] in a family with ASD, severe ID and poor motor coordination, and we assessed the pathogenicity of the mutation. A heterologous cell system and a Rab39b knockdown (KD) murine model, which mimic the nonstop mutation, were used to validate the deleterious effect of the RAB39B mutation. The mutation led to RAB39B protein instability, resulting in its increased degradation and consequent downregulation. Using a Rab39b KD mouse model, we demonstrated that the downregulation of RAB39B led to increased GluA2 lacking Ca2+-permeable AMPAR composition at the hippocampal neuronal surface and increased dendritic spine density that remained in an immature filopodia-like state. These phenotypes affected behavioural performance in a disease-specific manner. Rab39b KD mice revealed impaired social behaviour but intact social recognition. They also showed normal anxiety-like, exploratory and motivational behaviours but impaired working and associative memories. In conclusion, we found a novel RAB39B nonstop variant that segregated in a family with a clinical phenotype including ID, ASD and poor motor coordination. The pathogenicity of mutations causing the downregulation of RAB39B proteins, impacting AMPAR trafficking and dendritic spine morphogenesis, reinforced the idea that AMPAR modulation and dendritic spine assets could be considered hallmarks of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Impact of aortic root repair or replacement in severe destructive aortic valve endocarditis with paravalvular abscesses on long-term survival
Authors: Gollmann-Tepeköylü Can , Abfalterer Hannes , Pölzl Leo , Müller Ludwig , Grimm Michael , Holfeld Johannes , Bonaros Nikolaos , Bates Katie , Ulmer Hanno , Ruttmann Elfriede 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Surgical treatment of destructive infective endocarditis consists of extensive debridement followed by root repair or replacement. However, it remains unknown whether 1 is superior to the other. We aimed to analyse whether long-term results were better after root repair or replacement in patients with root endocarditis.

METHODS
A total of 148 consecutive patients with root endocarditis treated with surgery from 1997 to 2020 at our department were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups: aortic root repair (n = 85) or root replacement using xenografts or homografts (n = 63).

RESULTS
Patients receiving aortic root repair showed significantly better long-term survival compared to patients receiving aortic root replacement (log-rank: P = 0.037). There was no difference in terms of freedom from valvular reoperations among both treatment groups (log-rank: P = 0.58). Patients with aortic root repair showed higher freedom from recurrent endocarditis compared to patients with aortic root replacement (log-rank: P = 0.022). Patients with aortic root repair exhibited higher event-free survival (defined as a combination end point of freedom from death, valvular reoperation or recurrent endocarditis) compared to patients receiving aortic root replacement (log-rank: P = 0.022). Age increased the risk of mortality with 1.7% per year. Multi-variable adjusted statistical analysis revealed improved long-term event-free survival after aortic root repair (hazards ratio: 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.39–0.95; P = 0.031).

CONCLUSIONS
Aortic root repair and replacement are feasible options for the surgical treatment of root endocarditis and are complementary methods, depending on the extent of infection. Patients with less advanced infection have a more favourable prognosis.

Clinical trial registration
UN4232 382/3.1 (retrospective study).
Longitudinal assessment of taurine and amino acid concentrations in dogs fed a green lentil diet
Authors: Reilly Lauren M , He Fei , Clark Lindsay , de Godoy Maria R C 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA recent association between the inclusion of pulses in canine diets and taurine deficiency has become a prevalent issue in the pet food industry. Although dogs do not currently have a nutritional requirement for taurine, taurine deficiencies that do occur can result in serious health issues, such as dilated cardiomyopathy. The objective of this study was to determine the circulating concentrations of plasma and whole blood taurine, indispensable and dispensable amino acid concentrations in the plasma, and taurine and creatinine concentrations in the urine of adult dogs fed a green lentil diet. Twelve adult, intact, female beagles were randomly assigned to a diet containing 45% green lentils (GLD) or a poultry byproduct meal diet (CON) for 90 d. Fresh urine samples were collected every 30 d and analyzed for taurine and creatinine concentrations. A blood sample was also collected every 30 d and analyzed for amino acids including taurine. Animal procedures were approved by the University of Illinois Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. All diets were formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements for adult dogs at maintenance. The concentrations of taurine in the plasma and whole blood showed no differences (P &gt; 0.05) between dietary treatments or across time points. Similarly, no differences (P &gt; 0.05) in plasma methionine concentrations were observed between treatments or across time points. A treatment effect (P &lt; 0.05) showed dogs fed GLD had higher total primary fecal bile acid excretion compared with dogs fed CON. The differential abundance of fecal microbial communities showed Firmicutes as the predominant phyla in dogs fed both GLD and CON, with Bacteroidaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Lactobacillaceae as predominant families in dogs fed GLD. The α-diversity of dogs fed GLD (P &lt; 0.05) was lower than in dogs fed CON. These data suggest that the inclusion of 45% green lentil in extruded diets does not lower whole blood and plasma taurine concentrations during a 90-d period and is appropriate for use in a complete and balanced formulation for dogs.