bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Cancer Incidence in the Population Residing Near Nuclear Power Plants in India, - A Study From Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai
Authors: Ganesh B , Bhise Mahadev , Dixit Rajesh , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Badwe Rajendra , Soaba Sushama , Cheulkar Sandhya , Sarade Monika , Kolekar Suvarna , Joshi Prachi , Lokhande Deepali , Mhatre Amruta , Dashmukhe Esha , Patil Ashwini , Padvi Narpat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The very few research studies done on risk of cancer among population living vicinity of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) locations in India. This is first study to examine cancer incidence, Mortality and Tobacco related cancers in population living near to nuclear power plants (NPPs). Methods: All sites of cancer data collected during 2011-15 period from six population-based cancer registries established near to nuclear power plant locations in India. The statistical tools such as age-standardized rate (ASRs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMRs), Cumulative risk, mortality to incidence ratio, and probability of developing cancer is used to examine cancer burden among population near nuclear facilities. Results: The cancer incidence in population near NPPs are lower than the other non-NPP registries in India, and even national average. In males, mouth, tongue, oesophagus, larynx and lung are most common cancers; and breast, cervix and ovary are more predominate among females in all six NPP registries. Nearly, 50% of cancer are related to tobacco consummation in all registries. This study does not found any excess risk of cancer incidence in population living near to the nuclear facilities. Conclusion: Overall, our study findings are consistent with other well document studies on the risk of cancer among population near nuclear facilities. The main strength of this study is that this is first large study on cancer risk in population living near to NPPs areas. Also, this highlighted the need for the ecological study of multiple cancer types in the population living near nuclear facilities; and record linkage-based case-control study of cancer in children and adults near nuclear facilities.
Sex Differences in the Survival of Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A 10-year Outcome of the Q-Cohort Study
Authors: Tsujikawa Hiroaki , Yamada Shunsuke , Hiyamuta Hiroto , Taniguchi Masatomo , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Torisu Kumiko , Nakano Toshiaki , Kitazono Takanari 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: A survival advantage of women is observed in the general population. However, inconsistent findings have been reported regarding this advantage in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to compare the risk of mortality, especially infection-related mortality, between male and female hemodialysis patients.Methods: A total of 3065 Japanese hemodialysis patients aged ≥18 years old were followed up for 10 years. Primary outcome was all-cause and infection-related mortality. The association between the sex and these outcomes were examined using Cox proportional hazards models.Results: During the median follow-up of 8.8 years, 1498 patients died of any cause, and 387 died of infection. Compared with men, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause and infection-related mortality in women were 0.51 (0.45–0.58) and 0.36 (0.27–0.47), respectively. This association remained significant even when the propensity score-matching or inverse probability of treatment weighting adjustment methods were employed. Furthermore, even when the non-infection-related mortality was considered a competing risk, the infection-related mortality rate in women was still significantly lower than that in men.Conclusions: A female survival advantage over men is observed in Japanese patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.
Hookworm Infection in Stomach: A Case Report Found by Physical Examination&nbsp;
Authors: Zhao Di , He Ronghua , Wang Yiqin , Jiang Hongyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHookworm disease is one of the most widely distributed parasitic diseases in the world. It is endemic in Europe, America, Africa and Asia[1]. The main clinical manifestations of hookworm disease are anemia, malnutrition, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and labor decline. It is caused by the parasites of Ancylostoma duodenale Dubini and (or) Necator americanus Stiles. The larvae can invade human capillaries through the skin or mucous membranes, enter the bloodstream, reach the lungs through the right heart, destroy the capillaries of the lungs, enter the alveoli, travel along the bronchi to the pharynx, enter the digestive tract and reach the small intestine after swallowing, and develop into adults in the upper part of the small intestine Attached to the intestinal mucosa[2]. MethodsWe described one case of a businesswomen who sufferd from persistent symptoms of anemia, weight loss, and fatigue for years. Anemia was not significantly improved after routine antianemia treatment. In order to further evaluate the cause of anemia, a gastroscopy was performed, and the microscope showed a single hookworm in the lower stomach. Diagnosis was confirmed by the successful funding of Hookworm eggs in the lining of excrement. Conclusions Hookworm is a human parasite transmitted through the faecal-oral route which reside the duodenal bulb normally[3]. Adult worms are not usually seen in the stomach. There are only few cases reporting hookworm infestation of the stomach. In this case report we present an endoscopic demonstration of hookworm infestation in the stomach found by physical examination of a woman who presented with chronic anaemia. For anaemia patients, especially chronic anaemia patients and those suspected of hookworm disease, gastroscopy should pay attention to the observation of duodenal globules and fecal search for eggs, which are conducive to the early diagnosis of hookworm disease.
Methodology for heuristic evaluation of the accessibility of statistical charts for people with low vision and color vision deficiency
Authors: Martínez Rubén Alcaraz , Turró Mireia Ribera , Saltiveri Toni Granollers 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Statistical charts have an important role in conveying, clarifying and simplifying information, and have a significant presence in fields such as education, scientific research or journalism. Despite numerous advances in the field of digital accessibility, charts are still a challenge for people with low vision and color vision deficiency (CVD) and create barriers that hinder their accessibility. The research presented in this paper aim is to create a heuristic set of indicators to evaluate the accessibility of statistical charts focusing on the needs of people with low vision and CVD. Methods: The set of heuristics presented has been developed based on the methodology by Quiñones et al. (2018), which consists of 8 stages: (1) a state of the art literature review; (2 and 3) analysis and description of the most relevant information obtained from this research; (4, 5, and 6) selection and specification of a first set of heuristics relating them to existing heuristics; (7) validation; and (8) refining the set to obtain a final list of heuristics. Results: A first set of heuristics (17 indicators) has been developed and applied on two heuristic evaluations, and has been amplified to 18 indicators. The final set covers the needs of the user profiles with low vision as well as the needs of the CVD and poor contrast sensitivity users. Conclusion: this research is a first step to widen accessibility requirements to statistical charts and to take into consideration users with low vision and CVD, often forgotten in accessibility research.
CaMKII and Cav3.2 Mediate Cx43-Dependent Inflammation by Activating Astrocytes in Vincristine-Induced Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Li Guizhou , Hu Ya-hui , Lu Yi-ni , Yang Qing-yan , Li Yunman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Vincristine (VCR), an alkaloid isolated from vinca, is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug. However, treatment with VCR can lead to dose-dependent peripheral neurotoxicity, mainly manifesting as neuropathic pain, which is one of the dominant reasons for limiting its utility. Experimentally, we discovered that VCR-induced neuropathic pain was accompanied by astrocyte activation; the upregulation of p-CaMKII, Cav3.2, and Cx43 expression; and the production and release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the spinal cord. Similar situations were also observed in astrocyte cultures. Interestingly, these alterations were all reversed by intrathecal injection of KN-93 (a CaMKII inhibitor) or L-Ascorbic acid (a Cav3.2 antagonist). In addition, KN-93 and L-Ascorbic acid inhibited the increase in [Ca2+]i associated with astrocyte activation. We also verified that inhibiting and knocking down Cx43 levels via intrathecal injection of Gap27 and Cx43 siRNA relieved pain hypersensitivity and reduced the release of inflammatory factors; however, they did not affect astrocyte activation or p-CaMKII and Cav3.2 expression. The overexpression of Cx43 through the transfection of the Cx43 plasmid did not affect p-CaMKII or Cav3.2 expression in vitro. Therefore, CaMKII and Cav3.2 may activate astrocytes by increasing [Ca2+]i, thereby mediating Cx43-dependent inflammation in VCR-induced neuropathic pain. Moreover, we demonstrated that the CaMKII signalling pathway was involved in VCR-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial damage. In summary, our findings show a novel mechanism by which CaMKII and Cav3.2 mediate Cx43-dependent inflammation by activating astrocytes in neuropathic pain induced by VCR.
Promising Clinical Outcome with Long Term Follow-Up after Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Elderly Patients with Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hu Xiaolong , Li Hongqi , Liu Hefei , Kang Xiaoli , Wang Xuan , Pang Haifeng , Liu Chen , Zhang Jianchun , Wang Yingjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThe ideal treatment strategy for elderly patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still controversial. Our objective is to implement radical local therapy to the primary tumor and all metastases in elderly patients with oligometastatic NSCLC and evaluate its long-term efficacy and safety.Patients and MethodsAll patients were older than 65 years at initial diagnosis and had pathologically confirmed NSCLC with a total of less than or equal to 5 metastases through imaging diagnosis. Radical local therapy was applied to the primary tumor and all metastases to evaluate its OS, PFS, and toxicity.ResultsA total of 30 elderly patients with NSCLC (≤ 5 metastases) received high-dose radical local radiotherapy to the primary tumor and all metastases, with a median age of 73 years (65-82 years). A total of 134 lesions were treated, with a median biologically effective dose at alpha/beta 10 (BED10) value of 102 Gy (78-119 Gy) . The median follow-up period was 34 months (10-68 months) and the median OS was 36 months. The 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year OS were 93.3%, 66.7%, 49.6%, and 12.1%, respectively. The median PFS was 12 months, and 1-year PFS was 36.7%. Multivariate analysis: When ECOG PS < 2 and BED10 ≥ 100 Gy, better OS was obtained (P < 0.001 and P = 0.022); ECOG PS < 2 was an independent prognostic factor for PFS (P = 0.016). Most patients experienced grade 1-2 toxicities, a few experienced grade 3 toxicity (6.66%), and no grade 4-5 toxicities and treatment-related deaths occurred.ConclusionElderly patients with oligometastatic NSCLC were given radical local radiotherapy to the primary tumor and all metastases, which improved their survival with tolerable toxicity and can be considered as an optional new treatment modality.
Nature of Lowest Electron Transitions in Anionic Polymethine Dyes With Keto-Containing Terminal Groups
Authors: Naumenko A. P. , Borisyuk V. I. , Kachkovsky Olexiy , Slominskii Yu. L. , Obernikhina N. V. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The complex quantum-chemical and spectral study of the anionic polymethine dyes with the simplest symmetrical terminal groups and with different length polymethine chain is performed. It was shown that these dyes produce the specific molecular orbitals positioned nearly the energy gap and located only within the terminal groups. By investigation of the absorption spectra, it was established that the typical highly intensive longwawelength spectral band is observed which are bathochromically shifted upon lengthening of the open conjugated chain; this polymethine band is connected with the electron transition between the frontier levels of the opposite symmetry. In the contrast, the local MOs take part in so-called quasi-local electron transitions involved also one the frontier orbital. The local transitions have small dipole moments and hence they do practically not appear in the absorption spectra, however, the local transitions cause the appearance of the non-deep minima in the spectra of the fluorescence excitation anisotropy.
The Relationship of Blood Gas Values With Prognosis in Pediatric Patients With Severe Head Trauma
Authors: Kayabas Murat , Sahin Levent 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose:Severe head traumas in the childhood age group has an important place in terms of mortality and morbidity among all traumas. Our aim in this study is to consider the relationship between the severity of severe head trauma and arterial blood gas (ABG) parameter levels in children.Methods:In our study, patients with head trauma, intubation and Glascow Coma Score (GCS) ≤ 8 were retrospectively analyzed. Showing homogeneous distribution; Independent sample T test was used for pH, PCO2 and base extract (BE) parameters, and Mann Whitney U test was used for PO2 and lactate parameters not showing homogeneous distribution. ROC analysis was done.Results:Of the 48 patients included in the study, 17 died while lying in the intensive care unit. There was no statistical difference when looking at the relationship between age, gender, surgical methods and mortality of the patients (p> 0.05). The relationship of patients with acidosis, hypercapnia and hyperlactatemia in ABG with mortality was statistically significant (p˂0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between surviving and deceased in ABG of patients regarding BE and hypoxia (p= 0.075; 0.175). there was a statistically significant difference between the mean values of PCO2 and lactate which are among the quantitative values and those who survived and died (p <0.05).Conclusion: Acidosis, the presence hypercapnia and hyperlactatemia were found to be associated with mortality in children with severe head trauma in ABG analysis. This study shows that PCO2 and lactate levels in ABG can be a biomarker in determining the prognosis in pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Machine Learning and Statistical Approaches for Classification of Risk of Coronary Artery Disease using Plasma Cytokines.
Authors: Saharan Seema Singh , Nagar Pankaj , Creasy Kate Townsend , Stock Eveline O. , Feng James , Malloy Mary J. , Kane John P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background As per the 2017 WHO fact sheet, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the primary cause of death in the world, and accounts for 31% of total fatalities. The unprecedented 17.6 million deaths caused by CAD in 2016 underscores the urgent need to facilitate proactive and accelerated pre-emptive diagnosis. The innovative and emerging Machine Learning (ML) techniques can be leveraged to facilitate early detection of CAD which is a crucial factor in saving lives. The standard techniques like angiography, that provide reliable evidence are invasive and typically expensive and risky. In contrast, ML model generated diagnosis is non-invasive, fast, accurate and affordable. Therefore, ML algorithms can be used as a supplement or precursor to the conventional methods. This research demonstrates the implementation and comparative analysis of K Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) and Random Forest ML algorithms to achieve a targeted “At Risk” CAD classification using an emerging set of 35 cytokine biomarkers that are strongly indicative predictive variables that can be potential targets for therapy. To ensure better generalizability, mechanisms such as data balancing, repeated k-fold cross validation for hyperparameter tuning, were integrated within the models. To determine the separability efficacy of “At Risk” CAD versus Control achieved by the models, Area under Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) metric is used which discriminates the classes by exhibiting tradeoff between the false positive and true positive rates.Results A total of 2 classifiers were developed, both built using 35 cytokine predictive features. The best AUROC score of .99 with a 95% Confidence Interval(CI) (.982,.999) was achieved by the Random Forest classifier using 35 cytokine biomarkers. The second-best AUROC score of .954 with a 95% Confidence Interval (.929,.979) was achieved by the k-NN model using 35 cytokines. A p-value of less than 7.481e-10 obtained by an independent t-test validated that Random Forest classifier was significantly better than the k-NN classifier with regards to the AUROC score.Presently, as large-scale efforts are gaining momentum to enable early, fast, reliable, affordable, and accessible detection of individuals at risk for CAD, the application of powerful ML algorithms can be leveraged as a supplement to conventional methods such as angiography. Early detection can be further improved by incorporating 65 novel and sensitive cytokine biomarkers. Investigation of the emerging role of cytokines in CAD can materially enhance the detection of risk and the discovery of mechanisms of disease that can lead to new therapeutic modalities.
Clara cell 16KDa protein mitigates house dust mite-induced airway inflammation and damage via regulating airway epithelial cell apoptosis in a manner dependent on HMGB1-mediated signaling inhibition.
Authors: Liu Meixuan , Lu Jingjing , Zhang Qian , Zhang Yunxuan , Guo Zhongliang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: House dust mite (HDM) inhalation can cause airway epithelial damage which is implicated in the process of airway inflammation in asthma. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is critically required for cellular damage and apoptosis as an important endogenous danger signal. Recently, Clara cell 16KDa protein (CC16) has been identified to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory influence in various injury-related diseases model. However, little is known about its ability to protect against airway epithelial injury in allergic asthma. This study was aimed to clarify the protective roles of CC16 on airway epithelia in HDM-induced asthma and the regulation of HMGB1 by CC16.Methods: Mice were sensitized and challenged by HDM extract and administrated intranasally with CC16 (5ug/g or 10ug/g) or saline in the challenged period. The BEAS-2B human airway epithelial cell line were cultured with CC16 or the control vehicle and then exposed to HDM. Knockdown or overexpression of HMGB1 was induced by cell transfection or intratracheal injection of recombinant adenovirus.Results: CC16 treatment decreased airway inflammation and histological damage of airway epithelium dose-dependently in HDM-induced asthma model. Airway epithelia apoptosis upon HDM stimulation was noticeably abrogated by CC16 in vivo and in vitro. In addition, upregulation of HMGB1 expression and its related signaling were also detected under HDM conditions, while silencing HMGB1 significantly inhibited the apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells. Furthermore, the activity of HMGB1-mediated signaling was restrained after CC16 treatment whereas HMGB1 overexpression abolished the protective effect of CC16 on HDM-induced airway epithelia apoptosis.Conclusions: Our data confirm that CC16 attenuates HDM-mediated airway inflammation and damage via suppressing airway epithelial cell apoptosis in a HMGB1-dependent manner, suggesting the role of CC16 as a potential protective option for HDM-induced asthma.
Assessing the impact of corporate entrepreneurship in the financial performance of subsidiaries of Colombian business groups: under environmental dynamism moderation
Authors: Rodriguez-Peña Antonio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Corporate entrepreneurship creates opportunities in employment, technological advances, value creation, and cultural transformation for entrepreneurial ecosystems, entrepreneurs, governments, economies and society around the globe. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of corporate entrepreneurship on the financial performance of subsidiaries in Colombian business groups under the moderating effect of the environmental dynamism, because the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and financial performance in emerging economies must differ from developed economies. Using a cross-sectional Structural Equation Modeling analysis, this study assessed the impact of entrepreneurial orientation and corporate venturing on the firm financial performance of 87 subsidiaries of Colombian business groups at different levels of environmental dynamism. This study also confirms that the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and performance is context-dependent, and that entrepreneurial orientation has a strong and positive causal relationship with corporate venturing. Additionally, subsidiaries of Colombian business groups increase their financial performance when also does the entrepreneurial orientation, and decrease financial performance when so does corporate venturing. Furthermore, the results show that environmental dynamism does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship of subsidiaries in Colombian business groups and their performance. This paper would contribute to important areas in Latin America business, where such studies are scarce.
A Flow-Cytometric Analysis of Spectrum of Acute Myeloid Leukemia at Diagnosis
Authors: Shetty Parineetha V , I Sandhya , Anand Ishant , G Prithal , Rao Purnima , Shetty Rachan 
Published: February 2021

Background: Acute Myeloid Lymphoma is the clonal proliferation of non-lymphoid blasts comprising at least 20% of total nucleated cells either in bone marrow or peripheral blood. In the recent years, flow cytometry has emerged as a powerful diagnostic tool for AML due to its impact on treatment and prognosis.
Aims & Objectives:

To analyse the flow cytometry findings in patients diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemias.
To evaluate variations in flow cytometry expression in various subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia

Materials & Methods: Patients diagnosed as acute myeloid leukaemia on peripheral smears were subjected to flow cytometry analysis. This was a four-year study from July 2015 to June 2017 retrospectively and from July 2017 to June 2019 prospectively.
Results: A total of 27 cases diagnosed as Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) were included in the study. Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia was observed to be the most common subtype. The most commonly expressed myeloid antigens were CD13 and CD33. There was an aberrant expression of CD7 and CD56 in 1 case each indicating adverse prognosis.
Conclusion: Immunophenotyping of the myeloid cells by flow cytometry has revolutionised the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemias. It aids in confirming the morphological diagnosis, and also helps in assigning specific lineage, accurate sub classification and adequate treatment in challenging cases. Aberrant expressions were observed in 3 cases of AML. Aberrant antigen expression is associated with a poor outcome. Flow cytometry results interpreted with morphology are not only complementary but also conclusive aiding in therapeutics and predicting prognosis.