bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using geophysical survey results in the inference of aquifer vulnerability measures
Authors: Christensen Niels B. , Christiansen Anders V. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThe physical parameter derived from the inversion of electromagnetic surveys, the distribution of subsurface conductivity, is interesting in itself only in very few instances. In most cases, the conductivity distribution will have to be interpreted in terms of the target properties of the survey, for example: a geological interpretation of lithology; a hydrogeological interpretation of hydraulic conductivity; a biohazard/geotechnical interpretation of polluted/not‐polluted ground; and/or an archaeological interpretation of manmade/natural finds. The parameters of interest in these categories are often called derived products, indicating that the parameter of interest is not the same as the parameter whose distribution is found in the inversion process of the geophysical data. The interpretation process can be done in a wide variety of ways; from a predominantly cognitive approach based on professional experience, to an application of rigorous quantitative relations found from scientific endeavours.In most practical situations, the number of locations with independently measured information on the derived product is considerably smaller than the number of geophysics locations. It is precisely this sparsity of primary information on the derived product that encourages the use of geophysical inversion results as a sort of qualified interpolator through a formulation of a correlation between a geophysical parameter and the parameter characterising the derived product. In this paper, a general, quantitative approach to deriving the parameter of interest is presented using statistical analytic measures and an advanced use of an interpolation method that takes uncertainties into account. The approach is demonstrated in a field example from Ølgod, Denmark, where the cumulated clay thickness in the upper 30 m is estimated using a combination of borehole drilling records and an airborne transient survey.
Deletion of mTOR in liver epithelial cells enhances hepatic metastasis of colon cancer
Authors: Jiao Long , Eickhoff Roman , Egners Antje , Jumpertz Sandra , Roth Johanna , Erdem Merve , Kroh Andreas , Duimel Hans , López‐Iglesias Carmen , Caro Pilar , Heij Lara R , Schmeding Maximilian , Meierhofer David , Neumann Ulf P , Cramer Thorsten 
Published: July 2021

AbstractActivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is frequently found in cancer, but mTOR inhibitors have thus far failed to demonstrate significant antiproliferative efficacy in the majority of cancer types. Besides cancer cell‐intrinsic resistance mechanisms, it is conceivable that mTOR inhibitors impact on non‐malignant host cells in a manner that ultimately supports resistance of cancer cells. Against this background, we sought to analyze the functional consequences of mTOR inhibition in hepatocytes for the growth of metastatic colon cancer. To this end, we established liver epithelial cell (LEC)‐specific knockout (KO) of mTOR (mTORLEC) mice. We used these mice to characterize the growth of colorectal liver metastases with or without partial hepatectomy to model different clinical settings. Although the LEC‐specific loss of mTOR remained without effect on metastasis growth in intact liver, partial liver resection resulted in the formation of larger metastases in mTORLEC mice compared with wildtype controls. This was accompanied by significantly enhanced inflammatory activity in LEC‐specific mTOR KO livers after partial liver resection. Analysis of NF‐ĸB target gene expression and immunohistochemistry of p65 displayed a significant activation of NF‐ĸB in mTORLEC mice, suggesting a functional importance of this pathway for the observed inflammatory phenotype. Taken together, we show an unexpected acceleration of liver metastases upon deletion of mTOR in LECs. Our results support the notion that non‐malignant host cells can contribute to resistance against mTOR inhibitors and encourage testing whether anti‐inflammatory drugs are able to improve the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors for cancer therapy. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Health‐related quality of life, fatigue and health behaviours in Australian adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Authors: Murnane Andrew , Kiss Nicole , Fraser Steve F. , Lewin Jeremy 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionCurrent knowledge of the long‐term health behaviours and well‐being of adolescent and yong adult (AYA) cancer survivors is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health behaviours of AYA cancer survivors compared to Australian normative data and describe their health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) and levels of fatigue.MethodA cross‐sectional online survey of participants aged 15–25 years at diagnosis and 2–7 years post treatment completion was conducted at a comprehensive cancer centre. Validated questionnaires assessed health behaviours and functioning including current physical activity (PA) levels, diet quality, fatigue (FACIT‐F) and HR‐QoL (AQoL‐6D, Short Form 36v2 [SF‐36v2]) were compared to Australian normative data.ResultsNinety individuals completed the survey (26% response rate) with a mean age of 25.4 years and median time post treatment of 61 months (24–85 months). Compared to normative data, a higher proportion of AYA cancer survivors was consuming the recommended daily serves of fruit and vegetables (16.7% vs. 3.9%, p < .0001), had a lower presence of overweight or obesity (46.7% vs. 57.7%, p = .04) and lower percentage of current smokers (2.2% vs. 16.7%, p < .0001). However, AYA cancer survivors reported increased fatigue (t[df = 596] = −4.1, p < .0001) and reduced HR‐QoL compared to normative data (t[df = 533] = 9.2, p < .0001) along with a higher proportion suffering from one or more chronic health conditions (65% vs. 40%, p < .0001).ConclusionAYA cancer survivors from a single Australian institution, who were on average 5 years post treatment, exhibited better health behaviours compared to Australian normative data, but still below recommended guidelines. However, they continue to experience issues with fatigue and reduced HR‐QoL, especially in those not meeting the PA guidelines.
Effect of temperature on the SU‐8 photoresist filling behavior during thermal nanoimprinting
Authors: Sun Lei , Zou Helin , Sang Shengbo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSU‐8 photoresist is an ideal thermal‐imprinting polymer, which has been widely used in micro‐nano devices in recent years. However, the research on the filling behavior of SU‐8 photoresist during thermal nanoimprinting is not complete. In this paper, the stress relaxation curves and shear stress/rate flow curves were measured to analyze the temperature dependent rheological properties of SU‐8 photoresist. The filling behavior of SU‐8 photoresist was discussed based on thermal imprinting results at various temperatures. High‐precision nanochannels were fabricated with replication error of 2.8% at optimized thermal imprinting temperature of 85°C and duration of 10 min, which paves the way for high‐precision fabrication of SU‐8‐based micro‐nanofluidic chips.
Study on the regulation of polythiophene whiskers by electric field induction and the anisotropy of the film surface
Authors: Chen Shuang , Yan Su , Zhan Siqi , Wei Qi , Gao Lifeng , Li Zihan , Li Wei , Yu Limin , Xu Tiening , Wang Shiwei , Zhang Mingyao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn recent years, polythiophene (P3HT) has become a kind of typical conjugated polymer material which is suitable to use on a large scale. However, it is difficult to obtain long P3HT fibers with a highly ordered arrangement due to the entanglement of molecular chains and inherent flexibility. In this work, P3HT fibers were successfully constructed and assembled by an electric‐field‐induced technique, which can be observed directly. The orientation of the P3HT molecules was confirmed by Raman and UV absorption spectra. The excellent anisotropic sliding properties of the surface of the assembled fibers were characterized by the water contact test. This work provides an idea for the preparation of smart sensing materials and lays a foundation for the wider application of P3HT. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Know thy immune self and non‐self: Proteomics informs on the expanse of self and non‐self, and how and where they arise
Authors: Joyce Sebastian , Ternette Nicola 
Published: July 2021

AbstractT cells play an important role in the adaptive immune response to a variety of infections and cancers. Initiation of a T cell mediated immune response requires antigen recognition in a process termed MHC (major histocompatibility complex) restri ction. A T cell antigen is a composite structure made up of a peptide fragment bound within the antigen‐binding groove of an MHC‐encoded class I or class II molecule. Insight into the precise composition and biology of self and non‐self immunopeptidomes is essential to harness T cell mediated immunity to prevent, treat, or cure infectious diseases and cancers. T cell antigen discovery is an arduous task! The pioneering work in the early 1990s has made large‐scale T cell antigen discovery possible. Thus, advancements in mass spectrometry coupled with proteomics and genomics technologies make possible T cell antigen discovery with ease, accuracy, and sensitivity. Yet we have only begun to understand the breadth and the depth of self and non‐self immunopeptidomes because the molecular biology of the cell continues to surprise us with new secrets directly related to the source, and the processing and presentation of MHC ligands. Focused on MHC class I molecules, this review, therefore, provides a brief historic account of T cell antigen discovery and, against a backdrop of key advances in molecular cell biologic processes, elaborates on how proteogenomics approaches have revolutionised the field.
Validation of colorimetric assays for hydrogen peroxide, nitrate and nitrite ions in complex plasma‐treated water solutions
Authors: Veronico Valeria , Favia Pietro , Fracassi Francesco , Gristina Roberto , Sardella Eloisa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLiquids treated with cold plasma emerged as ‘redox drugs’ in biomedicine, as sources of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species targeting cellular functions, including wound healing and cancer progression. The use of cell culture media as starting liquid, however, challenges the identification of plasma‐generated chemistry, limited by the presence of many reactive species and organic compounds. Available detection methods need, therefore, to be confirmed in these liquids to avoid inaccurate results. In this research, robustness, linearity, accuracy and specificity of three colorimetric assays are investigated to detect H2O2, NO2− and NO3−, predominant plasma‐induced products. The results clearly highlight the presence of some factors affecting the detection in cell culture media like high concentrations of chlorides found interfering with the detection of NO3− in the medium.
Antitumor effects of hyperthermia with plasma‐treated solutions on 3D bladder tumor spheroids
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhang Jishen , Xu Shengduo , Wang Zifeng , Xu Dehui , Guo Li , Liu Dingxin , Kong Michael G. , Rong Mingzhe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs a form of cold atmospheric plasma application, plasma‐treated solutions have shown promise in tumor therapy. Especially for the treatment of intracavitary tumors, plasma‐treated solutions combined with traditional perfusion therapy have strong application potential. Here, we assessed the antitumor effects of the plasma‐treated medium combined with hyperthermia on three‐dimensional bladder tumor spheroids in vitro. We found that the combined treatment of plasma‐treated medium and hyperthermia (43°C) presented better antitumor effects than a single treatment. Further research showed that synchronous hyperthermia can promote the penetration of plasma‐generated reactive oxygen species from the plasma‐treated medium into cancer cells. Our results suggest that hyperthermic perfusion therapy using plasma‐treated solutions may serve as a novel and valuable therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer.
Drug repurposing strategies of relevance for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Fletcher Edward J. R. , Kaminski Thomas , Williams Gareth , Duty Susan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractParkinson's disease is a highly disabling, progressive neurodegenerative disease that manifests as a mix of motor and non‐motor signs. Although we are equipped with some symptomatic treatments, especially for the motor signs of the disease, there are still no established disease‐modifying drugs so the disease progresses unchecked. Standard drug discovery programs for disease‐modifying therapies have provided key insights into the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease but, of the many positive candidates identified in pre‐clinical studies, none has yet translated into a successful clinically efficacious drug. Given the huge cost of drug discovery programs, it is not surprising that much attention has turned toward repurposing strategies. The trialing of an established therapeutic has the advantage of bypassing the need for preclinical safety testing and formulation optimization, thereby cutting both time and costs involved in getting a treatment to the clinic. Additional reduced failure rates for repurposed drugs are also a potential bonus. Many different strategies for drug repurposing are open to researchers in the Parkinson's disease field. Some of these have already proven effective in identifying suitable drugs for clinical trials, lending support to such approaches. In this review, we present a summary of the different strategies for drug repurposing, from large‐scale epidemiological correlation analysis through to single‐gene transcriptional approaches. We provide examples of past or ongoing studies adopting each strategy, where these exist. For strategies that have yet to be applied to Parkinson's disease, their utility is illustrated using examples taken from other disorders.
Identification of anti‐TMV active flavonoid glycosides and their mode of action on virus particles from Clematis lasiandra Maxim
Authors: Li Yantao , Ye Shengwei , Hu Zilong , Hao Nan , Bo Xin , Liang Huaguang , Tian Xiangrong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDTobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a disreputable plant pathogen that causes a decline in the quality and yield of various economic crops. Natural products are important potential sources of biopesticides to control TMV. This study focuses on the discovery of anti‐TMV active flavonoid glycosides and their mode of action on TMV particles from Clematis lasiandra Maxim.RESULTSA new benzoyl acylated flavonoid glycoside, kaempferol 3‐O‐(2′′‐benzoyl)‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl‐7‐O‐α‐l‐rhamnopyranoside (1), and nine known flavonoids (2–10) were identified first from C. lasiandra. The hydroxyl group at C‐7, E‐p‐coumarate at C‐6′′ in the Glc of C‐6, and the glucuronic acid at C‐3 were functional groups for the antiviral flavonoid glycosides. Flavonoids 2, 5, and 6 showed higher inactivation efficacies of 64.62% to 82.54% compared with ningnanmycin at 500 μg ml−1. The protective and curative efficacies for 2 and 5 were 57.44–59.00% and 41.17–43.92% at 500 μg ml−1, respectively. Compound 5 showed higher TMV systemic resistance with control efficacies of 41.64%, 36.56% and 27.62% at concentrations of 500, 250 and 125 μg ml−1 compared with ningnanmycin in K326 tobaccos, respectively. Compound 5 can directly fracture TMV particles into small fragments combining with the fusion phenomena, and TMV‐CP was an important target for 5 to break TMV particles.CONCLUSIONFlavonoid glycosides from C. lasiandra showed potent antiviral activities against TMV with multiple modes of action including inactivation, protective and curative effects, and inducing systemic resistance. TMV‐CP was an important target for active flavonoid glycosides to fracture TMV particles. The results provided evidence that flavonoid glycosides from C. lasiandra have the potential to control TMV.
In vitro metabolism of tebuconazole, flurtamone, fenhexamid, metalaxyl‐M and spirodiclofen in Cannabis sativaL. (hemp) callus cultures
Authors: Hillebrands Leonie , Lamshoeft Marc , Lagojda Andreas , Stork Andreas , Kayser Oliver 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDCannabis sativa L. (hemp) is a medicinal plant producing various cannabinoids. Its consumption is legalized for medical use due to the alleged positive health effects of these cannabinoids. To satisfy the demand, C. sativa plants are propagated in contained growth chambers. During indoor propagation, pesticides usually are used to ensure efficient production. However, pesticide registration and safe application in C. sativa has not been investigated in detail.RESULTSWith this study the metabolic degradation of pesticides in recently established C. sativa callus cultures was examined. Tebuconazole, metalaxyl‐M fenhexamid, flurtamone and spirodiclofen were applied at 10 μm for 21 days. Results were compared with metabolism data obtained from Brassica napus L., Glycine max (L.) Merr., Zea mays L. and Tritium aestivum L. callus cultures as well as in metabolism guideline studies. The successfully established C. sativa callus cultures were able to degrade pesticides by oxidation, demethylation, and cleavage of ester bonds in phase I, as well as glycosylation and conjugation with malonic acid in phase II and III. Initial metabolites were detected after Day (D)7 and were traced at D21.CONCLUSIONThe resulting pathways demonstrate the same main degradation strategies as crop plants. Because metabolites could be the main residue, the exposure of consumers to these residues will be of high importance. We present here an in vitro assay for a first estimation of pesticide metabolism in C. sativa. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
New weighted adaptive CUSUM dispersion charts
Authors: Haq Abdul , Razzaq Faiqa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe conventional CUSUM chart is usually designed for a known shift size against which the protection is required. In practice, the shift sizes are rarely known, but they may vary within a given interval. Given a range of the shift size, the weighted adaptive CUSUM (WAC) chart provides better protection than the CUSUM chart. In this paper, we propose two types of the WAC chart for monitoring different kinds of shifts in the variance of a normal process, named WAC‐I and WAC‐II charts, based on the CUSUM and Crosier CUSUM charts, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations are used to compute the run length characteristics of the proposed one‐sided and two‐sided charts. The proposed charts are compared with existing adaptive and non‐adaptive charts in terms of the average run length. It is found that the proposed charts perform uniformly and substantially better than the existing charts. A real dataset is considered to support the theory.
A basis set superposition error‐free second‐order perturbation theory from Hermitian chemical Hamiltonian approach self‐consistent field canonic orbitals
Authors: Salvador Pedro , Mayer István 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present an alternative perturbational approach free of basis set superposition error (BSSE) within the framework of the chemical Hamiltonian approach (CHA). The new formulation (CHA‐S‐MP2) is based on canonic (and orthogonal) CHA orbitals obtained from a hermitized CHA Fock operator. The final expression shows a considerable simplification of the method as compared to the previous CHA‐MP2 formalism. Numerical full geometry optimizations of water and hydrogen fluoride dimers and potential energy surfaces for helium and argon dimers for several basis sets are presented. The present method is compared to both the counterpoise and previous CHA‐MP2 BSSE correction schemes, showing a remarkable agreement between all three methods. However, the wrong behavior using the aug‐cc‐pVDZ basis set indicates that the present method is not as robust as the original non‐hermitian CHA‐MP2 formulation.
Improving runoff estimation by raster‐based Natural Resources Conservation Service‐Curve Number adjustment for a new initial abstraction ratio in semi‐arid climates
Authors: Akbari Abolghasem , Daryabor Farshid , Abu Samah Azizan , Shirmohammadi Aliakbarkhani Zahra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Natural Resources Conservation Service Curve Number (NRCS‐CN) is a popular rainfall‐runoff modeling method. In this study the performance of the NRCS‐CN method in runoff estimation for single storms based on a new initial abstraction ratio ( in the semi‐arid climate of Khorasan Razavi, Iran, is presented. The method utilizes public domain Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software for the Geospatial analysis and generating the CN map of the study area. CN values provided in the standard Service Curve Number‐tables (CN0.2) were found to overestimate runoff potential compared to modified tables of CN0.05. Evaluation of the performance of CN0.05 for runoff estimation was undertaken using data collected in thirty‐five rainfall‐runoff events in the Kardeh watershed. A strong correlation (R = 0.97) was found between the observed and estimated direct runoff when CN0.05 was used for the runoff estimation as well as between the observed and estimated runoff based on Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency (0.88). Overall, runoff predictions were improved with the revised NRCS‐CN method in semi‐arid climatic settings when is set to 0.05. We provide an easy‐to‐use relationship between CN0.2 and CN0.05 that improves Runoff estimation from NRCS‐CN.
The role of aesthetics and art in organizational sustainability: A conceptual model and exploratory study in higher education
Authors: Turan Fikret Korhan , Cetinkaya Saadet 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere has been increased interest in the aesthetic dimension of environmental and social issues. This research explores the aesthetic dimension of sustainable development and sheds light on how organizational sustainability might be related with aesthetics and art. First, based on literature, a conceptual model is proposed, envisioning organizational sustainability as a continuous process of creating and consuming technical, social and aesthetic values, by and for different stakeholders. The model provides a novel approach to managing organizational sustainability as it complements previously developed technical approaches with aesthetics and art‐based practices. Second, utilizing the model, several in‐depth interview questions are developed, and directed to the executives of 11 universities located in Istanbul, Turkey to understand the role of aesthetics and art in organizational sustainability from a practical standpoint which is largely ignored in literature. Face‐to‐face meetings with the executives indicate that aesthetics and art appear to be underutilized as strategic elements such that no participant measures organizational aesthetic value. However, the executives regard stakeholder involvement as an integral part of a potential measurement process. They cite lack of awareness and harmony among stakeholders, budget constraints and limited vision of management as the major barriers to creating aesthetic value. Although the executives have diverse views about the future role of aesthetics and art, and their relationship with organizational sustainability, they tell that aesthetics and art‐based practices contribute primarily to social sustainability while making partial and indirect contributions to economic and environmental sustainability, respectively.