bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Еволюція категорії «рівність» у християнстві
Authors: Laputko Аnna 
Published: April 2021

У статті досліджено еволюцію християнських поглядів на рівність у контексті узгодженості антропологічних і соціальних чинників та процесів. Теоретичною основою статті є праці отців християнства, соціальні доктрини церков, енцикліки пап Deus Caritas est, Lumen Fidei, Summi Pontificatus, Саritas in Veritate, праці відомих науковців, богословів (Б. Рассел, В. Лоський, Д. Садовський, Софроний (Сахаров), К. Уер, Ю. Чорноморець та ін.). Здійснено аналіз християнського розуміння категорії «рівність» у діалектиці соціального та антропологічного. Показано, що в християнській антропології тлумачення проблеми рівності в ранньому християнстві мало суттєві відмінності від античної філософії, оскільки набуває онтологічного вияву відповідно до вчення про людину як образ та подобу Бога. Розкрито еволюцію уявлень про рівність від початку християнства до сьогодення. Простежено складний взаємозв’язок соціального та антропологічного в цьому процесі. Доведено, що основною характеристикою еволюції уявлень про рівність є перехід від утвердження рівності людей лише в антропологічному контексті як рівної можливості в досягненні Царства Божого до винесення уявлень про рівність за межі дихотомії антропологічного та соціального і утвердження рівних прав та можливостей людини і в соціальній площині.
Investigation of the effect of adding a moderate amount of hydrogen on the properties of tin oxide films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Velichko Rostislav , Magari Yusaku , Makino Hisao , Furuta Mamoru 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We investigated the effect of adding small amounts of hydrogen during DC magnetron sputtering of SnO
x
films followed by annealing in a nitrogen atmosphere at temperatures below the instability of SnO. Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed a difference in the initial Sn content in the as-deposited samples, which suggests an increased number of V
Sn vacancies. This led to the formation of V
Sn
-H complexes, resulting in a doubling of the concentration of holes from 5.89 × 1017 cm−3 to 1.38 × 1018 cm−3 and a slight increase in the mobility from 1.17 cm2/(Vs) to 1.45 cm2/(Vs) after annealing. Thermal desorption spectroscopy revealed increased desorption of hydroxyl groups after the addition of hydrogen, indicating that hydrogen presence in the film as OH bonds may be the reason for the undesired increase in SnO2 content and raising of the crystallization point. The average transmittance of the hydrogen-added sample was 10% greater than that of the hydrogen-free sample.
Non-destructive visualization of short circuits in lithium-ion batteries by a magnetic field imaging system
Authors: Suzuki Shogo , Okada Hideaki , Yabumoto Kai , Matsuda Seiju , Mima Yuki , Kimura Noriaki , Kimura Kenjiro 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
To develop a high-density and long-life lithium-ion battery, a technology is needed that allows non-destructive visualization of the spatial distribution of deteriorated parts after cycle test. In the present study, we measured the distribution of the magnetic field leaking from the lithium-ion battery during its operation. Based on the measurement results, we evaluated the spatial distribution of electric current density that corresponds to the reaction rate of the active material and the ion diffusion rate in the electrolyte solution inside a battery using the electric current reconstruction process. With respect to the changes in the internal state of the lithium-ion battery associated with cycle deterioration, we successfully visualized the part where the electrical conductivity has changed that is the deteriorated part causing the battery capacity to decrease inside the lithium-ion battery.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGENDALIAN GULMA DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum, L) PADA TANAH MASAM
Authors: Yelni Gusni 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Weed Weeding with different weeding times and to determine the effectiveness of the use of chicken manure on the growth and production of shallots (Allium ascolanicum, L). This experiment used factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor 5 treatment consists of; PG0 (without weeding weeds), G1 (weed 1 time age, 28 days), G2 (weed 2 times age 21, and 42 hst), G3 (weed 3 times age, 14, 28, and 42 hst), G3 (3 times age, 14, 28, and 42 days), and G4 (4 times age 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). The second factor 3 treatment consists of; P1 (10 ton ha-1), P2 (20 ton ha-1), and P3 (40 ton ha-1) and 3 groups. The results showed that the treatment of weed weeding and administration of chicken manure organic fertilizer had a significant effect on plant height, number of children, number of plants, fresh weight of plants, and dry weight per plot. Weed control that was effective in increasing the growth of the number of tillers and onion production was, when weed control was twice, at 28 and 42 HST. The dosage of 40 ton h-1 organic fertilizer for chicken coop is quite effective to help the growth of plant height, number of leaves and increase the weight of red onion bulbs, and improve acid soil pH conditions Keywords: Onion Varieties Thailand, Weeding Time, Weed, Growth, Yield, Chicken Manure, Growth and Result of Keywords: ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efetifitas Penyiangan Gulma dengan waktu penyiangan berbeda dan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pengunaan pupuk kandang ayam terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascolanicum, L). Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial. Faktor pertama 5 perlakuan terdiri atas; PG0 (tanpa penyiangan gulma), G1 (disiang 1 kali, yaitu pada umur ; 28 hst), G2 (disiang 2 kali, yaitu pada umur ; 21, dan 42 hst), G3 (disiang 3 kali, yaitu pada umur ; 14, 28, dan 42 hst), G3 (disiang 3 kali, yaitu pada umur ; 14, 28, dan 42 hst), dan G4 (disiang 4 kali, yaitu pada umur ; 7, 14, 21, dan 28 hst). .Faktor kedua 3 perlakuan terdiri atas; P1 (10 ton ha-1), P2 (20 ton ha-1), dan P3 (40 ton ha-1) dan 3 kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan waktu penyiangan gulma dan pemberian dosis pupuk organik kandang ayam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakkan, jumlah duan, berat segar perumpun, dan berat kering per petak. Pengendalian gulma yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan jumlah anakan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah adalah, waktu penngendalian gulma sebanayk 2 kali yaitu pada umur 28 dan 42 HST. Dosis 40 ton h-1 pupuk organik kandang ayam cukup efektif membantu pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan meningkatkan bobot umbi tanaman bawang merah, serta memperbaiki kondisi pH tanah masam Kata Kunci : Bawang Merah Varietas Thailand, Waktu penyiangan, gulma, pertumbuhan, hasil, Pupuk Kandang Ayam, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kata Kunci:
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L) DENGAN PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI MULSA PLASTIK
Authors: Yelni Gusni , Sari Rahman 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muara Bungo Sungai Binjai KM 6 Kabupaten Bungo, dengan ketinggian ± 101 m dpl, dengan curah hujan 248,75 mm/bulan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 01 Mei 2019 sampai 14 Agustus 2019. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan jenis mulsa plastik yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang putih (Allium sativum L).Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok yaitu : M0 (Tanpa Mulsa), M1 (Mulsa plastik perak), M2 (Mulsa plastik hitam), M3 (Mulsa plastik transparan) dan M4 (Mulsa plastik biru). Variabel yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), diameter umbi / tanaman (cm), jumlah siung / umbi (siung), bobot basah umbi per rumpun (g), bobot basah umbi per petak (g) dan bobot kering umbi (ton/ha). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (anova). Apabila berpengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Ducan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh respon bawang putih terhadap variabel tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), diameter umbi/tanaman (cm), bobot basah umbi perumpun (g), bobot basah umbi perpetak (g) dan berat kering umbi (ton/ha) menunjukan respon yang berbeda sementara jumlah siung/umbi (siung) bawang putih memberikan respon tidak beda. Perlakuan M1 (Mulsa plastik perak) merupakan perlakuan terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang putih (Allium sativum L.). Kata kunci : Mulsa Plastik, bawang putih, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil
MicroRNA-4284 inhibits colon cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition by down-regulating Perilipin 5
Authors: Miao Xiaofei , Li Zengyao , Zhang Ye , Wang Tong 
Published: April 2021

Background: MicroRNA (miR) has been suggested in the development of several types of cancer; yet, the exact function of miR-4284 in colon cancer remains elusive.
Methods: MiR-4284 expression was assessed in normal colon cell line CCD-18Co, and HT-29 and SW480 cell lines representing human colon cancer. Potential target gene of miR-4284 was predicted using TargetScanHuman, and experimentally verified using luciferase report assay. Wound-healing, cell invasion and attachment were evaluated to determine the effect of miR-4284 on the migration, invasion, and metastatic properties of colon cancer cell lines. Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypic protein hallmarks, including N-cadherin, E-cadherin, as well as Vimentin, was also evaluated.
Results: MiR-4284 was significantly decreased in colon cancer cell lines, and Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) was found to be directly targeted by miR-4284. Ectopic expression of miR-4284 significantly reduced endogenous expression level of PLIN5 in colon cancer cell lines, suppressing migration, invasion, and metastatic phenotypes. In addition, re-introducing miR-4284 reversed the expression profile of EMT markers.
Conclusion: Our findings for the first time identify miR-4284 as an anti-tumor miRNA in colon cancer, which acts to reduce PLIN5 and inhibit EMT, leading to inhibited colon cancer tumorigenesis. These results highlight the potential of miR-4284 as a therapeutic target in metastatic colon cancer.
The Selective Dopamine D2 Blocker Sulpiride Modulates the Relationship Between Agentic Extraversion and Executive Functions
Authors: Herrmann Wiebke , Wacker Jan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInitial studies suggest that agentic extraversion and executive functions (EF) are associated, because they share influences of individual differences in the dopamine (DA) system. However, it is unclear whether previously reported associations are specific to certain EFs (e.g., to updating or shifting) or due to shared variance among EF tasks. We investigated the DA-related relationship between agentic extraversion and two EF tasks in a placebo-controlled between-group design with the DA D2 receptor blocker sulpiride (200 mg) in 92 female volunteers. Our goals were to investigate whether (1) there is an association between agentic extraversion and EFs measured with two different tasks (3-back and switching), (2) this association is sensitive to a pharmacological manipulation of DA, and (3) the effects can be ascribed to shared or specific task variance. We observed the expected interaction between drug condition and agentic extraversion for both tasks in a multivariate multiple linear regression model, which supports the DA theory of extraversion. Subsequent univariate analyses revealed a highly similar interaction effect between drug condition and agentic extraversion on two of three performance measures and this effect was somewhat attenuated when we controlled for shared task variance. This pattern matches the interpretation that the association between agentic extraversion and both tasks is partly due to DA-based processes shared among the tasks. Our results, although limited by the low reliability of the switching task, suggest that variance components and measurement difficulties of EF tasks should be considered when investigating personality-related individual differences in EFs.
Is value-based choice repetition susceptible to medial frontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)? A preregistered study
Authors: Senftleben Ulrike , Kruse Johanna , Korb Franziska M. , Goetz Stefan , Scherbaum Stefan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn value-based decision making, people have to weigh different options based on their subjective value. This process, however, also is influenced by choice biases, such as choice repetition: in a series of choices, people are more likely to repeat their decision than to switch to a different choice. Previously, it was shown that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can affect such choice biases. We applied tDCS over the medial prefrontal cortex to investigate whether tDCS can alter choice repetition in value-based decision making. In a preregistered study, we applied anodal, cathodal, and sham tDCS stimulation to 52 participants. While we found robust choice repetition effects, we did not find support for an effect of tDCS stimulation. We discuss these findings within the larger scope of the tDCS literature and highlight the potential roles of interindividual variability and current density strength.
PENGARUH SUHU DAN LAMA PENYANGRAIAN (ROASTING) TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA PADA SEDUHAN KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea Arabica L.) DARI KABUPATEN GAYO, PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Pamungkas Mieko Taqwa , Masrukan Masrukan , SAR Kuntjahjawati 
Published: April 2021

Mutu kopi bisa ditingkatkan dengan salah satu proses penanganan pasca panen yang sangat penting yaitu proses penyangraian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan lama penyangraian terhadap mutu kopi arabika gayo. Penelitian ini menggunakan biji kopi arabika yang berasal dari kabupaten bener meriah yang sudah siap untuk disangrai. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan perlakuan variasi suhu penyangraian 190°C, 200°C dan 210°C dengan lama penyangraian 5 menit, 10 menit dan 15 menit. Analisa data dilakukan dengan analysis of variance (Anova) dengan uji lanjut beda nyata Duncan’s new multiple range test (DNMRT). Parameter analisis meliputi rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar asam total, kafein dan dilakukan uji organoleptik terhadap 30 orang panelis. Pada penelitian ini hasil terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan suhu 200°C dengan lama penyangraian 10 menit yang memiliki skor 3,53 yang berarti suka dan sedikit suka, rendemen 78,5%, kadar air 1,34%, kadar abu 4,55(%db), kadar lemak 14,48(%db), kafein 0,87(%db) dan total asam 1,34(%db).
DANGEROUS HYDROLOGICAL PHENOMENA IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR 2016-2020
Authors: Матюшин Юрий Александрович , Зубань Владимир Владимирович , Копченов Владимир Николаевич , Арсланов Артем Минирович 
Published: April 2021

В данной статье представлены результаты статистического анализа обстановки с природными чрезвычайными ситуациями, связанными с опасными гидрологическими явлениями в Российской Федерации по федеральным округам за 2016-2020 гг. Анализ производился по количеству опасных гидрологических явлений, числу погибших, пострадавших и спасенных людей при этих чрезвычайных ситуациях, оценивался причиненный материальный ущерб.
This article presents the results of statistical analysis of the situation with natural emergencies associated with dangerous hydrological phenomena in the Russian Federation and in the federal districts for 2016-2020. The analysis was carried out based on the number of dangerous hydrological phenomena, the number of fatalities, injured and rescued people in these emergency situations as well as the material damage caused.
Une mauvaise querelle à l’Université
Authors: Fabiani Jean-Louis 
Published: April 2021

Les oppositions qui se sont exprimées à propos d’une prétendue infiltration des départements de sciences sociales par un courant « islamo-gauchiste » témoignent d’évolutions au long cours. Pour retrouver les conditions d’une recherche apaisée, il faut doter l’Université des moyens nécessaires, et ne céder en rien sur la rigueur théorique qui, seule, garantit le pluralisme.
Le retour du héros ?
Authors: Chapus Quentin , Berrou Jean-Philippe , Doubogan Yvette Onibon 
Published: April 2021

Depuis quelques années, la figure de l’entrepreneur en Afrique fait l’objet d’un regain d’intérêt. Discours – scientifiques, politiques et médiatiques – de valorisation de l’entrepreneuriat et dispositifs actifs de promotion se répandent sur fond de promesses diverses (lutte contre la pauvreté et le réchauffement climatique, moteur de la transition numérique, autonomisation des femmes, etc.). Un tel déploiement discursif interroge : pourquoi ce retour de la figure presque héroïque de l’entrepreneur aujourd’hui ? Cet article se propose de mettre en lumière la manière dont cette rhétorique pro-entrepreneuriale s’est construite et a évolué au sein des institutions internationales du développement, pour illustrer ensuite comment elle se matérialise dans les débats académiques contemporains sur l’entrepreneuriat en Afrique et quel idéal-type dominant de l’entrepreneur il en ressort.
Des Nana Benz aux cheffes d’entreprise contemporaines à Lomé, au Togo
Authors: Vampo Charlotte 
Published: April 2021

Cet article questionne la façon dont des cheffes d’entreprise de l’économie formelle à Lomé se représentent l’entrepreneuriat dit « moderne ». Influencées par la circulation d’un ethos de la performance et de l’efficacité dominant dans l’idéologie néolibérale du développement, elles cherchent à se distinguer de la figure mythique de l’entrepreneuriat au Togo qu’est la « Nana Benz » pour affirmer leur caractère « moderne ». L’article mobilise une enquête ethnologique reposant sur des entretiens, des échanges informels et des observations participantes menées auprès de trente-cinq entrepreneures. Il contribue à analyser l’appropriation locale du modèle de la business woman en vogue dans le développement et nuance l’idée d’une transformation radicale des pratiques entre les générations de femmes.
La création des comices agricoles en Mayenne au xixe siècle : les prémices de « l’État-réseau »
Authors: Tropeau Christophe 
Published: April 2021

Les comices agricoles sont souvent perçus comme des vecteurs de modernisation économique dans les campagnes françaises du xixe siècle. Mais d’un point de vue politique, les comices agricoles peuvent aussi être vus comme un moyen pour l’État, qui encourage vivement leur création, d’étendre son contrôle sur le territoire national. C’est ce que Pierre Rosanvallon appelle l’« État-réseau ». À travers l’exemple des comices agricoles créés dans le département de la Mayenne à partir de la fin des années 1830, la structuration du réseau apparaît jusqu’au milieu du Second Empire particulièrement chaotique, ces associations ne pouvant véritablement exister que si elles rencontrent une certaine adhésion parmi la population locale.
Erythropoietin Protects against Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Mice by Regulating Macrophage Polarization through the EPOR/JAK2/STAT3 Axis
Authors: Yang Zhongnan , Yan Lei , Cao Huixia , Gu Yue , Zhou Pan , Shi Mingyue , Li Guodong , Jiao Xiaojing , Li Na , Li Xiangnan , Sun Kai , Shao Fengmin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus–associated diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). The immunomodulation of macrophage responses might be a potential approach for the prevention and treatment of DAH. Erythropoietin (EPO) could regulate macrophage bioactivities by binding to the EPO receptor expressing on macrophages. This study assessed the effects of EPO on DAH protection using an immune-mediated DAH murine model with macrophages as the major contributor. A DAH murine model was established in female C57BL/6 mice by an i.p. injection of pristane. We found that EPO administration alleviates DAH by reducing pulmonary macrophages recruitment and promoting phenotype switch toward M2 macrophages in vivo. EPO drove macrophages to the anti-inflammatory phenotype in the primary murine bone marrow–derived macrophages and macrophages cell line RAW 264.7 with LPS, IFN-γ, and IL-4 in vitro. Moreover, EPO treatment increases the expression of EPOR and decreases the expression of miR-494-3p, resulting in increased phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. In conclusion, EPO can be a potential therapeutic agent in DAH by reducing cell apoptosis and regulating macrophage polarization through the EPOR/JAK2/STAT3 axis. Further studies are also needed to validate the direct target of miR-494-3p in regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling transduction.
Characterization of Gosa Municipal Solid Wastes at Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Seidu Kamoru , Muhammad Ibrahim D , Ozigis Idris I 
Published: April 2021

The study examined municipal solid wastes characteristics of Gosa dumpsite at Abuja, Nigeria. Waste characterization has not yet been given adequate attention in management of waste in Nigeria and it is a major problem that affects waste materials handling and recovery processes. Wastes samples from Gosa waste dump site, Abuja, were randomly collected and subjected to moisture content, composition, density and size distribution determinations according to prescribed standards in literature. The moisture content of the Gosa waste solid was 19.3%. The results of the characterization of the Gosa municipal solid wastes show 34% organic, 10% paper, 28% plastic, 2% glass, 6% metal, 4% fabric, 2% rubber and 14% dust. The average density of glass, metal, plastic, fabric, rubber, paper, organic and dust materials were 0.044 kg/m3, 0.045 kg/m3, 0.176 kg/m3, 0.043 kg/m3, 0.042 kg/m3, 0.074 kg/m3, 0.143 kg/m3 and 0.098 kg/m3, respectively. The size distribution of the Gosa solid waste ranges from 10-28 cm for metals and plastics and 3-13 cm for paper and glass. The rubber had size ranges from 8-23 cm while size ranges of organic was from 3-6 cm. The large presence of organic, plastic, paper and metal wastes at Gosa waste dump site, is an indication that the municipal solid wastes can be sorted, recycled and processed to other useful products, using the characteristics as a guide.Keyword: Characterization, Density, Municipal Solid Waste, Size Distribution, Waste Management
Effect of Elevated Temperatures on SAC305 Solder Alloy Thermal Interface Material in a Microelectronic Assembly
Authors: Ekpu Mathias 
Published: April 2021

In microelectronics assemblies, Thermal Interface Materials (TIMs) are vital to the reliability of the devices in operation. Some electronic devices operate in elevated temperature environments such as military and industrial applications. Hence, the need to evaluate the reliability of such devices at elevated temperatures. Tin-Silver-Copper lead-free solder TIMs have been used during the assembly process of some electronic devices operating under harsh temperature environments. In this study, the reliability of SAC305 lead-free solder TIM was considered at elevated temperatures ranging from 100 oC to 200 oC at 25 oC interval, and aged for about an hour. ANSYS finite element analysis software was employed for the design and evaluation of SAC305 lead-free solder model. The findings of the investigation demonstrated that the higher the harsh temperature environment, the lower the reliability of the SAC305 solder TIM. In addition, the highest fatigue life (36735 or 4.2 years) was recorded at 100 oC, while 200 oC recorded the lowest fatigue life (1014 or 0.12 years). The fatigue life is an indication of the lifespan of the TIM when in operation. This research will be beneficial to engineers assembling microelectronic products. Keywords— elevated temperature; fatigue life; microelectronics; reliability; SAC305 solder