bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainability assessment and optimization of legumes production systems: energy, greenhouse gas emission and ecological footprint analysis
Authors: Aghili Nategh Nahid , Banaeian Narges , Gholamshahi Alireza , Nosrati Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study examined energy, greenhouse gas emission and ecological footprint analysis (EFA) of chickpea and lentil cultivation with different mechanization production systems. In lentil production, except for tillage operations, other operations are performed manually and the remaining straw is burned in the field; while in chickpea production, most of the agricultural operations are mechanized and residues are collected, baled and transferred to the warehouse for animal feed. In this paper, for the first time, some of the sustainability indicators are investigated and compared in two different legume production systems. Energy productivity and net energy for chickpea and lentil production were calculated at 0.036, 0.161 and 2373 and 5900 MJ per hectare, respectively. The CO2emission and ecological carbon footprint were 173 kg CO2−eqand 0.15 global hectare for lentil and 484 and 0.87 for chickpea production. Totally, due to excessive consumption of diesel fuel and lack of proper management, the social cost of emission from straw baling in chickpea production (27.65 dollars per hectare) was higher than burning straw in lentil production (8.77). Multi-objective genetic algorithm results showed the potential of minimizing diesel fuel and fertilizer consumption and no chemical for chickpea production. Overall audition results of two different production systems revealed that traditional lentil production is more sustainable. Therefore, implementations of modern agricultural practices alone are not enough to achieve sustainability in agricultural production systems.
Effects of Vegetation, Sediment Supply and Sea Level Rise on the Morphodynamic Evolution of Tidal Channels
Authors: Sgarabotto Alessandro , D'Alpaos Andrea , Lanzoni Stefano 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTidal channels play a leading role in the morphodynamic evolution of tidal environments by driving the exchange of water, sediments, and nutrients within these systems. Despite their fundamental function on landscape construction, current knowledge on their plano‐altimetric evolution in response to environmental forcing is still limited. We developed a mathematical model to address the interplay of biogeomorphic processes on the plano‐altimetric equilibrium of a straight tidal channel flanked by adjacent intertidal platforms. The model couples a one‐dimensional hydrodynamic model with a bed evolution model. The former describes the flow field within the channel and the storage contribution of lateral shoals. The latter accounts for the main physical processes responsible for shaping the tidal landscape, namely erosion, deposition, and sea level rise, mediated by halophytic vegetation growth. Model results reproduce a variety of channel morphologies, ranging from those typical of tidal‐flat channels, with large width‐to‐depth ratios, to those characterizing salt‐marsh creeks, which have much narrower cross sections and small width‐to‐depth ratios. Our results show that vegetation encroachment on the marsh surface produces two competing effects. First, vegetation increases flow concentration within the channel, owing to the increased flow resistance on the vegetated platform thus favoring channel incision. Second, vegetation promotes a reduction in the tidal prism, owing to higher accretion rates of the salt‐marsh surface thus leading to channel infilling. Which effect prevails over the other depends on the elevation of the intertidal platform in the tidal frame. The latter is in turn dictated by sediment availability, the rate of relative sea level rise, and vegetation biogeomorphic effects.
Control Mechanisms of Primary Productivity Revealed by Calcareous Nannoplankton From Marine Isotope Stages 12 to 9 at the Shackleton Site (IODP Site U1385)
Authors: González‐Lanchas A. , Flores J.‐A. , Sierro F. J. , Sánchez Goñi M. F. , Rodrigues T. , Ausín B. , Oliveira D. , Naughton F. , Marino M. , Maiorano P. , Balestra B. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNowadays, primary productivity variations at the SW Iberian Margin (IbM) are primarily controlled by wind‐driven upwelling. Thus, major changes in atmospheric circulation and wind regimes between the Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 12 and 9 could have driven substantial changes in phytoplankton productivity which remains poorly understood. We present a high‐resolution calcareous nannofossil record from the Shackleton Site Integrated Ocean Discovery Program Site U1385 that allow the assessment of primary productivity and changing surface conditions on orbital and suborbital timescales over the SW IbM. These records are directly compared and integrated with terrestrial – Mediterranean forest pollen – and marine – benthic and planktic oxygen stable isotopes (δ18O), alkenone concentration [C37], Uk´37‐Sea Surface Temperature and % C37:4 – proxy records from Site U1385. Our results indicate intra‐interglacial increase in primary productivity together with intensification of the Azores anticyclonic high‐pressure cell beyond the summer that suggests a two‐phase upwelling behavior during the full interglacial MIS 11c (∼420–397 ka), potentially drived by atmospheric NAO‐like variability. Primary productivity is largely enhanced during the inception of glacial MIS 10 and the early MIS 10 (∼392–356 ka), linked to intensified upwelling and associated processes during a period of strengthened atmospheric circulation. In agreement with the conditions observed during Heinrich events of the last glacial cycle, primary productivity reductions during abrupt cold episodes, including the Heinrich‐type (Ht) events 4 to 1 (∼436, 392, 384 and 339 ka) and the Terminations V and IV, seems to be the result of halocline formation induced by meltwater arrival, reducing the regional upward nutrient transference.
Cancer-secreted exosomal miR-21-5p induces angiogenesis and vascular permeability by targeting KRIT1
Authors: He Qinglian , Ye Aihua , Ye Weibiao , Liao Xiaomin , Qin Guoqiang , Xu Yongqiang , Yin Yuting , Luo Huanqian , Yi Muhua , Xian Liying , Zhang Shihao , Qin Xiyuan , Zhu Wei , Li Yuling 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCancer-secreted exosomes are critical mediators of cancer-host crosstalk. In the present study, we showed the delivery of miR-21-5p from colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to endothelial cells via exosomes increased the amount of miR-21-5p in recipient cells. MiR-21-5p suppressed Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1) in recipient HUVECs and subsequently activated β-catenin signaling pathway and increased their downstream targets VEGFa and Ccnd1, which consequently promoted angiogenesis and vascular permeability in CRC. A strong inverse correlation between miR-21-5p and KRIT1 expression levels was observed in CRC-adjacent vessels. Furthermore, miR-21-5p expression in circulating exosomes was markedly higher in CRC patients than in healthy donors. Thus, our data suggest that exosomal miR-21-5p is involved in angiogenesis and vascular permeability in CRC and may be used as a potential new therapeutic target.
Targeting STAT3 signaling overcomes gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Zhe , Ma Liang , Sun Yiming , Yu Wenying , Wang Xue 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers with poor prognosis and high resistance rate. The family of signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STATs) appears to modulate resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this work, we demonstrated that STAT3/ZEB1 is a critical axis in gefitinib resistance. STAT3-targeted inhibition therefore is a new potential therapeutic strategy for gefitinib resistance in lung cancer. Our small molecule screening identified a relatively specific STAT3-targeted inhibitor, LL1. Pharmacological and biochemical studies indicated that LL1 block the activation of STAT3 via inhibiting its phosphorylation. Further in vitro and in vivo studies elucidated that LL1 sensitizes the resistance cells to gefitinib through depleting STAT3 activity and blocking STAT3/ZEB1 signaling pathways. Little toxicity of LL1 was observed in animal models. All these favorable results indicated that LL1 is a chemotherapeutic adjuvant for gefitinib resistance in NSCLC.
A universal, multifunctional, high-practicability superhydrophobic paint for waterproofing grass houses
Authors: Zhu Hai , Huang Yu , Zhang Shouwei , Jin Shiwei , Lou Xiaoding , Xia Fan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRoof leakage is a common phenomenon on rainy days and makes residents uncomfortable. Superhydrophobic materials are promising candidates to protect grass houses from rainwater. However, mechanical weakness, chemical corrosion, and UV light sensitivity are the three main challenges restricting these nonwetting materials from wider application in real life. Herein, we developed an inorganic–organic superhydrophobic paint (IOS-PA) for preparing a waterproof grass house. IOS-PA not only showed mechanical robustness and chemical anticorrosion but also displayed self-healing properties, anti-icing properties, and high and low temperature (150 °C and −196 °C) resistance. Photocatalysis was also achieved with IOS-PA, as demonstrated by organic matter (Nile red, methyl blue, and methyl orange) degradation. Moreover, extremely long-term UV resistance, i.e., resistance to UV irradiation (365 nm, 5.0 ± 0.6 mW/cm2) for 100 h and ambient sunlight for 8640 h (1 year), caused the conflicting properties of superhydrophobicity and photocatalysis to coexist in IOS-PA, further accomplishing self-cleaning for the removal of both dirt particles and organic contamination. Specifically, a grass house coated with IOS-PA exhibited favorable waterproof properties, indicating the potential to ensure comfortable living conditions for people living in undeveloped areas, even on rainy days. With a variety of excellent characteristics, IOS-PA, we believe, is advantageous for scalable production and practical application in reality.
SepF is the FtsZ anchor in archaea, with features of an ancestral cell division system
Authors: Pende Nika , Sogues Adrià , Megrian Daniela , Sartori-Rupp Anna , England Patrick , Palabikyan Hayk , Rittmann Simon K.-M. R. , Graña Martín , Wehenkel Anne Marie , Alzari Pedro M. , Gribaldo Simonetta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMost archaea divide by binary fission using an FtsZ-based system similar to that of bacteria, but they lack many of the divisome components described in model bacterial organisms. Notably, among the multiple factors that tether FtsZ to the membrane during bacterial cell constriction, archaea only possess SepF-like homologs. Here, we combine structural, cellular, and evolutionary analyses to demonstrate that SepF is the FtsZ anchor in the human-associated archaeon Methanobrevibacter smithii. 3D super-resolution microscopy and quantitative analysis of immunolabeled cells show that SepF transiently co-localizes with FtsZ at the septum and possibly primes the future division plane. M. smithii SepF binds to membranes and to FtsZ, inducing filament bundling. High-resolution crystal structures of archaeal SepF alone and in complex with the FtsZ C-terminal domain (FtsZCTD) reveal that SepF forms a dimer with a homodimerization interface driving a binding mode that is different from that previously reported in bacteria. Phylogenetic analyses of SepF and FtsZ from bacteria and archaea indicate that the two proteins may date back to the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA), and we speculate that the archaeal mode of SepF/FtsZ interaction might reflect an ancestral feature. Our results provide insights into the mechanisms of archaeal cell division and pave the way for a better understanding of the processes underlying the divide between the two prokaryotic domains.
Tenth year reenrollment randomized trial investigating the effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on height and weight at adolescence
Authors: Setiawan Evania Astella , Rianda Davrina , Kadim Muzal , Meilianawati  , Susanto Fenny , Kok Frans J. , Shankar Anuraj H. , Agustina Rina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMicrobiota and its modification with specific probiotics in early life could provide long term health benefits. Probiotics and calcium strengthen intestinal integrity and may support linear growth. This study investigated the long-term effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on growth in adolescence. We re-enrolled 238 adolescents aged 11–18 years from 494 children 10-years after 6-months of supplementation with either low-lactose milk fortified with low levels of calcium (LC, ∼50 mg/day, n = 53/124), with regular levels of calcium (RC, ∼440 mg/day, n = 70/126), or with regular calcium + 5 x 108 CFU/day Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (Reuteri, n = 55/124), or regular calcium + 5 x 108 CFU/day L. casei CRL 431 (Casei, n = 60/120). Changes in height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and body mass index-for-age z-score (BMIZ) were determined from the end of intervention to re-enrollment. General linear models were used to assess the effects on HAZ and BMIZ of group, gender, living area, maternal education, family income, physical activity, diet quality, nutritional status, and gut integrity as determined by urinary lactulose/mannitol ratio (L:M). Adolescent mean age was 15.3 years, mean HAZ was − 1.11, mean BMIZ was − 0.2 and median L:M (n = 155) was 0.23. Changes in HAZ and BMIZ were not significantly different between Casei, Reuteri, LC compared to RC. However, a significant decrease in BMIZ was observed among female adolescents in the Casei compared to RC group (− 0.5 SD, 95% CI − 0.8 to − 0.003, p = 0.048). Childhood probiotic and calcium supplementation may therefore selectively affect female adolescents.Clinical trial registration: This follow-up study has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, Registry name: Rina Agustina, Registration number: NCT04046289, First Registration Date 06/08/19. web link: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04046289.
The proteome of the human endolymphatic sac endolymph
Authors: Ölander Christine , Edvardsson Rasmussen Jesper , Eriksson Per Olof , Laurell Göran , Rask-Andersen Helge , Bergquist Jonas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe endolymphatic sac (ES) is the third part of the inner ear, along with the cochlea and vestibular apparatus. A refined sampling technique was developed to analyse the proteomics of ES endolymph. With a tailored solid phase micro-extraction probe, five ES endolymph samples were collected, and six sac tissue biopsies were obtained in patients undergoing trans-labyrinthine surgery for sporadic vestibular schwannoma. The samples were analysed using nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) to identify the total number of proteins. Pathway identification regarding molecular function and protein class was presented. A total of 1656 non-redundant proteins were identified, with 1211 proteins detected in the ES endolymph. A total of 110 proteins were unique to the ES endolymph. The results from the study both validate a strategy for in vivo and in situ human sampling during surgery and may also form a platform for further investigations to better understand the function of this intriguing part of the inner ear.
Molecular characterization of multidrug resistant Enterobacterales strains isolated from liver and kidney transplant recipients in Spain
Authors: Fernández-Martínez Marta , González-Rico Claudia , Gozalo-Margüello Mónica , Marco Francesc , Gracia-Ahufinger Irene , Aranzamendi Maitane , Sánchez-Díaz Ana M. , Vicente-Rangel Teresa , Chaves Fernando , Calvo Montes Jorge , Martínez-Martínez Luis , Fariñas Maria Carmen ,   ENTHERE Study Group, the Group for Study of Infection in Transplantation of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (GESITRA-SEIMC) and the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Salas Carlos , Armiñanzas Carlos , Arnaiz de las Revillas Francisco , Casafont-Morencos Fernando , Cuadrado Lavín Antonio , Fábrega Emilio , Fariñas-Álvarez Concepción , Morales Virginia Flor , Rodrigo Emilio , Ruiz San Millán Juan Carlos , Bodro Marta , Moreno Asunción , Linares Laura , Navasa Miquel , Cofan Frederic , Rodríguez Fernando , Torre-Cisneros Julián , Páez Vega Aurora , Montejo José Miguel , Blanco María José , Nieto Arana Javier , Fortún Jesús , Escudero Sánchez Rosa , Martin Dávila Pilar , Ruiz Garbajosa Patricia , Martínez Adolfo , Graus Javier , Fernández Ana , Muñoz Patricia , Valerio Maricela , Machado Marina , Olmedo María , Agnelli Bento Caroline , Rincón Sanz Cristina , Rodríguez Ferrero María Luisa , Sánchez Cámara Luis Alberto , Aguado José María , Resino Elena 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to analyse the mechanisms of resistance to carbapenems and other extended-spectrum-β-lactams and to determine the genetic relatedness of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales (MDR-E) causing colonization or infection in solid-organ transplantation (SOT) recipients. Prospective cohort study in kidney (n = 142), liver (n = 98) or kidney/pancreas (n = 7) transplant recipients between 2014 and 2018 in seven Spanish hospitals. We included 531 MDR-E isolates from rectal swabs obtained before transplantation and weekly for 4–6 weeks after the procedure and 10 MDR-E from clinical samples related to an infection. Overall, 46.2% Escherichia coli, 35.3% Klebsiella pneumoniae, 6.5% Enterobacter cloacae, 6.3% Citrobacter freundii and 5.7% other species were isolated. The number of patients with MDR-E colonization post-transplantation (176; 71.3%) was 2.5-fold the number of patients colonized pre-transplantation (71; 28.7%). Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases were detected in 78.0% and 21.1% of MDR-E isolates respectively. In nine of the 247 (3.6%) transplant patients, the microorganism causing an infection was the same strain previously cultured from surveillance rectal swabs. In our study we have observed a low rate of MDR-E infection in colonized patients 4–6 weeks post-transplantation. E. coli producing blaCTX-M-G1 and K. pneumoniae harbouring blaOXA-48 alone or with blaCTX-M-G1 were the most prevalent MDR-E colonization strains in SOT recipients.
Chamber-enriched gene expression profiles in failing human hearts with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Luo Xin , Yin Jun , Dwyer Denise , Yamawaki Tracy , Zhou Hong , Ge Hongfei , Han Chun-Ya , Shkumatov Artem , Snyder Karen , Ason Brandon , Li Chi-Ming , Homann Oliver , Stolina Marina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHeart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) constitutes 50% of HF hospitalizations and is characterized by high rates of mortality. To explore the underlying mechanisms of HFrEF etiology and progression, we studied the molecular and cellular differences in four chambers of non-failing (NF, n = 10) and HFrEF (n = 12) human hearts. We identified 333 genes enriched within NF heart subregions and often associated with cardiovascular disease GWAS variants. Expression analysis of HFrEF tissues revealed extensive disease-associated transcriptional and signaling alterations in left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV). Common left heart HFrEF pathologies included mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Oxidative stress and cardiac necrosis pathways were prominent within LV, whereas TGF-beta signaling was evident within LA. Cell type composition was estimated by deconvolution and revealed that HFrEF samples had smaller percentage of cardiomyocytes within the left heart, higher representation of fibroblasts within LA and perivascular cells within the left heart relative to NF samples. We identified essential modules associated with HFrEF pathology and linked transcriptome discoveries with human genetics findings. This study contributes to a growing body of knowledge describing chamber-specific transcriptomics and revealed genes and pathways that are associated with heart failure pathophysiology, which may aid in therapeutic target discovery.
Risks and prediction of postoperative hypoparathyroidism due to thyroid surgery
Authors: Yazıcıoğlu Mustafa Ömer , Yılmaz Abdurrezzak , Kocaöz Servet , Özçağlayan Ruhşen , Parlak Ömer 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the prevalence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism (PoH), the relevant factors, and predictors of transient or permanent hypoparathyroidism. The files of 352 patients who underwent bilateral total thyroidectomy alone or with central lymph node dissection and/or lateral neck dissection between June 1, 2019, and November 30, 2019, were retrospectively evaluated. Also, calcium and parathyroid hormone levels measured preoperatively and 4–6 h after surgery, follow-up examination results, and time to resolution of transient PoH were recorded. 16.48% (n = 58) of the surgical patients developed transient PoH and 3.98% (n = 14) developed permanent PoH. Length of hospital stay increased in patients who developed PoH (p < 0.001). Transient PoH developed less in patients who underwent parathyroid autotransplantation, while permanent PoH was not detected (p = 0.001). PoH development was not significantly correlated with nodule size as measured by preoperative thyroid ultrasonography (p = 0.944). Patients who had a serum PTH level ≤ 5.95 pmol/L 4–6 h after surgery had a greater risk of developing permanent PoH (OR 134.84, 95% CI 17.25–1053.82). PoH is more common in female gender and is not significantly correlated with nodule size. Parathyroid autotransplantation can prevent the development of PoH.
4-Phenylbutyrate (PBA) treatment reduces hyperglycemia and islet amyloid in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes and obesity
Authors: de Pablo Sara , Rodríguez-Comas Júlia , Díaz-Catalán Daniela , Alcarraz-Vizán Gema , Castaño Carlos , Moreno-Vedia Juan , Montane Joel , Parrizas Marcelina , Servitja Joan-Marc , Novials Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAmyloid deposits in pancreatic islets, mainly formed by human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregation, have been associated with loss of β-cell mass and function, and are a pathological hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Treatment with chaperones has been associated with a decrease in endoplasmic reticulum stress leading to improved glucose metabolism. The aim of this work was to investigate whether the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyrate (PBA) prevents glucose metabolism abnormalities and amyloid deposition in obese agouti viable yellow (Avy) mice that overexpress hIAPP in β cells (Avy hIAPP mice), which exhibit overt diabetes. Oral PBA treatment started at 8 weeks of age, when Avy hIAPP mice already presented fasting hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and impaired insulin secretion. PBA treatment strongly reduced the severe hyperglycemia observed in obese Avy hIAPP mice in fasting and fed conditions throughout the study. This effect was paralleled by a decrease in hyperinsulinemia. Importantly, PBA treatment reduced the prevalence and the severity of islet amyloid deposition in Avy hIAPP mice. Collectively, these results show that PBA treatment elicits a marked reduction of hyperglycemia and reduces amyloid deposits in obese and diabetic mice, highlighting the potential of chaperones for T2D treatment.