bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Return to play after treating acute muscle injuries in elite football players with radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy
Authors: Morgan James P. M. , Hamm Mario , Schmitz Christoph , Brem Matthias H. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
To compare lay-off times achieved by treating acute muscle injuries in elite football players with a multimodal therapy approach that includes a specific protocol of almost daily radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) with corresponding data reported in the literature.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of treatments and recovery times of muscle injuries suffered by the players of an elite football team competing in the first/second German Bundesliga during one of the previous seasons.

Results
A total of 20 acute muscle injuries were diagnosed and treated in the aforementioned season, of which eight (40%) were diagnosed as Type 1a/muscular tightness injuries, five (25%) as Type 2b/muscle strain injuries, four (20%) as Type 3a/partial muscle tear injuries and three (15%) as contusions. All injuries were treated with the previously mentioned multimodal therapy approach. Compared with data reported by Ekstrand et al. (Br J Sports Med 47:769–774, 2013), lay-off times (median/mean) were shortened by 54% and 58%, respectively, in the case of Type 1a injuries, by 50% and 55%, respectively, in the case of Type 2b injuries as well as by 8% and 21%, respectively, in the case of Type 3a injuries. No adverse reactions were observed.

Conclusions
Overall, the multimodal therapy approach investigated in this study is a safe and effective treatment approach for treating Type 1a and 2b acute muscle injuries amongst elite football players and may help to prevent more severe, structural muscle injuries.
Trapeziectomy for basal thumb osteoarthritis does not increase the risk of developing wrist osteoarthritis in the long term
Authors: Brogren Elisabeth , Besjakov Jack , Åkesson Anna , Atroshi Isam 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Symptomatic osteoarthritis of the basal joint of the thumb (trapeziometacarpal joint) is a common disabling condition mainly affecting women. It is frequently treated with complete removal of the trapezium with or without soft-tissue interposition. There is limited evidence about whether removal of the trapezium affects stability of the wrist joint and increases the risk of developing wrist osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term prevalence of OA in wrists with previous trapeziectomy compared to wrists with intact trapezium.

Methods
Patients treated with surgery for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis at one orthopedic department were invited 10–29 (mean 17) years postoperatively for bilateral radiographic examination. We included radiographs from 114 hands with trapeziectomy and 46 hands with intact trapezium; 38 patients had unilateral trapeziectomy and intact contralateral trapezium. The radiographs were blinded so that the intact trapezium or the trapezial space after trapeziectomy was not visible. The radiographs were then evaluated for radiocarpal/midcarpal osteoarthritis independently by two assessors using three different osteoarthritis grading systems, including the Kellgren–Lawrence classification. The patients rated their satisfaction with the function of each of their hands on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 to 100 (higher score better).

Results
The prevalence of osteoarthritis ranged from 20 to 26%, mostly mild (Kellgren–Lawrence grade 1). The prevalence of osteoarthritis did not differ between wrists with previous trapeziectomy and those with intact trapezium, both in the whole cohort and in the subgroup of patients with unilateral trapeziectomy and intact contralateral trapezium. There was no significant difference in hand function VAS scores between hands with previous trapeziectomy and hands with intact trapezium in the whole cohort or in the subgroup.

Conclusions
Removal of the trapezium as treatment for basal thumb osteoarthritis does not increase the risk of developing wrist osteoarthritis in the long term.
GTSE1 is possibly involved in the DNA damage repair and cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma
Authors: Xie Chaofan , Xiang Wei , Shen Huiyong , Shen Jingnan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
G2 and S phase-expressed-1 (GTSE1) negatively regulates the tumor-suppressive protein p53 and is potentially correlated with chemoresistance of cancer cells. This study aims to explore the effect of GTSE1 on the DNA damage repair and cisplatin (CDDP) resistance in osteosarcoma (OS).

Materials and methods
Expression of GTSE1 in OS was predicted in bioinformatics system GEPIA and then validated in clinically obtained tissues and acquired cell lines using RT-qPCR, immunohistochemical staining, and western blot assays. Gain- and loss-of-function studies of GTSE1 were performed in MG-63 and 143B cells to examine its function in cell cycle progression, DNA replication, and CDDP resistance. Stably transfected MG-63 cells were administrated into mice, followed by CDDP treatment to detect the role of GTSE1 in CDDP resistance in vivo.

Results
GTSE1 was highly expressed in patients with OS and correlated with poor survival according to the bioinformatics predictions. Elevated GTSE1 expression was detected in OS tissues and cell lines. GTSE1 silencing reduced S/G2 transition and DNA replication, and it increased the CDDP sensitivity and decreased the expression of DNA repair-related biomarkers in MG-63 cells. GTSE1 overexpression in 143B cells led to inverse trends. In vivo, downregulation of GTSE1 strengthened the treating effect of CDDP and significantly repressed growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. However, overexpression of GTSE1 blocked the anti-tumor effect of CDDP.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that GTSE1 is possibly involved in the DNA damage repair and cisplatin resistance in OS.
Outcomes of surgically treated infective endocarditis in a Western Australian population
Authors: Eranki Aditya , Wilson-Smith Ashley R. , Ali Umar , Saxena Akshat , Slimani Eric 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Infective endocarditis is a disease that carries high morbidity and mortality. The primary endpoint of this study is to assess factors associated with in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing valvular surgery for infective endocarditis. The secondary endpoint of this study is to assess the incidence of post-operative stroke, renal failure, complete heart block and recurrence.

Methods
Between the years of 2015 to 2019, a total of 89 patients underwent surgery for infective endocarditis at Fiona Stanley Hospital, Western Australia. Data was collected from the Australia and New Zealand Cardiac Surgery Database from 2015 to 2019 as well as patients electronic medical record. A number of preoperative and perioperative factors were assessed in relation to patient mortality and morbidity. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression analysis was done to assess for the association between factors and in-hospital morbidity and mortality.

Results
A total of 89 patients underwent surgery for infective endocarditis from 2015 to 2019, affecting a total of 101 valves. The mean age of patients was 53.7 ± 16.5. A total of 79 patients had a positive blood culture pre-operatively, with Staphylococcus Aureus being the most frequently cultured organism (39%). Fourteen patients (16%) were deemed emergent and underwent surgery within 24 h of review. A total of five patients died within their hospital stay postoperatively. Variables significantly associated with mortality on univariate analysis were intravenous drug use, emergent surgery, perioperative dialysis, perioperative inotropes, cardiopulmonary bypass time and cross clamp time. Only CBP time was significantly associated with mortality on multivariate analysis. A total of 19 patients (21%) required hemodialysis after surgery, 10 patients sustained a postoperative stroke (11%), 11 patients developed a complete heart block post operatively (12%) and endocarditis recurred in 10 patients (11%).

Conclusion
Prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass times were significantly associated with mortality. This study is novel to report a lower mortality rate than previously quoted in the literature. We also report our findings of organisms, preoperative embolic phenomena and surgery in a Western Australian population. We recommend that all patients with endocarditis are discussed in multidisciplinary forum.
Ascending aorta graft pseudoaneurysm and aortobronchial fistula caused by a fractured sternal wire: a case report
Authors: Amirghofran Ahmad Ali , Nirooei Elahe , Ostovan Mohammad Ali 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta is a rare but serious complication of cardiovascular surgeries and it infrequently occurs in the normal prosthetic graft materials. We share our experience with an unusual case of ascending aorta Dacron graft pseudoaneurysm caused by a fractured sternal wire.

Case presentation
A 34-year-old man, known case of Marfan syndrome, with history of two prior aortic surgeries for aneurysm of ascending aorta, arch and thoracoabdominal aorta, presented with hemoptysis. The hemoptysis originated from an aortobronchial fistula secondary to a huge ascending aorta Dacron graft pseudoaneurysm. The graft erosion and subsequent pseudoaneurysm was caused by a fractured sternal wire. Surgical repair of the pseudoaneurysm was performed successfully and a Gore-tex patch was placed behind the sternum over the graft to prevent further direct contact of the wire and the graft.

Conclusion
Sternal wires can damage the adjacent vascular grafts and lead to fatal complications such as pseudoaneurysm formation. Thus, preventive measures such as using sternal bands and placing a covering layer between the sternal wires and aortic grafts are recommended in patients with dilated or replaced ascending aorta.
Beta blocker use in traumatic brain injury based on the high-sensitive troponin status (BBTBBT): methodology and protocol implementation of a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: El-Menyar Ayman , Asim Mohammad , Bahey Ahmed Abdel-Aziz , Chughtai Talat , Alyafai Abdulnasser , Abdelrahman Husham , Rizoli Sandro , Peralta Ruben , Al-Thani Hassan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers (BB) play an important role in the protection of organs that are susceptible for secondary injury due to stress-induced adrenergic surge. However, the use of BB in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is not yet the standard of care which necessitates clear scientific evidence to be used. The BBTBBT study aims to determine whether early administration of propranolol based on the high-sensitive troponin T(HsTnT) status will improve the outcome of TBI patients. We hypothesized that early propranolol use is effective in reducing 10- and 30-day mortality in TBI patients. Secondary outcomes will include correlation between serum biomarkers (troponin, epinephrine, cytokines, enolase, S100 calcium binding protein B) and the severity of injury and the impact of BB use on the duration of hospital stay and functional status at a 3-month period.

Methods
The BBTBBT study is a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled three-arm trial of BB use in mild-to-severe TBI patients based on the HsTnT status. All enrolled patients will be tested for HsTnT at the first 4 and 6 h post-injury. Patients with positive HsTnT will receive BB if there is no contraindication (group 1). Patients with negative HsTnT will be randomized to receive either propranolol (group 2) or placebo (group 3). The time widow for receiving the study treatment is the first 24 h post-injury.

Discussion
Early BB use may reduce the catecholamine storm and subsequently the cascade of immune and inflammatory changes associated with TBI. HsTnT could be a useful fast diagnostic and prognostic tool in TBI patients. This study will be of great clinical interest to improve survival and functional outcomes of TBI patients.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04508244. Registered on 7 August 2020. Recruitment started on 29 December 2020 and is ongoing.
The advanced performance of microbial consortium for simultaneous utilization of glucose and xylose to produce lactic acid directly from dilute sulfuric acid pretreated corn stover
Authors: Sun Yaqin , Li Xiaoying , Wu Lida , Li Yi , Li Fan , Xiu Zhilong , Tong Yi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Lignocellulosic feedstocks have attracted much attention as a potential carbon source for lactic acid (LA) production because of their ready availability, sustainability, and renewability. However, there are at least two major technical challenges to producing LA from lignocellulose. Inhibitors derived from lignocellulose pretreatment have a negative impact on the growth of cells producing LA. Furthermore, pentose sugars produced from the pretreatment are difficultly utilized by most LA producers, which is known as the carbon catabolite repression (CCR) effect. This complex feedstock can be utilized by a robust microbial consortium with high bioconversion efficiency.

Results
In this study, a thermophilic consortium DUT50 producing LA was enriched and employed to improve corn stover (CS) utilization. Enterococcus was the dominant family in the consortium DUT50, accounting for 93.66% of the total abundance, with Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Lactococcus, and Trichococcus accounted for the remaining 2.68%. This consortium could be resistant to inhibitors concentration up to 9.74 g/L (2.88 g/L acetic acid, 2.46 g/L furfural, 2.20 g/L 5-HMF, and 2.20 g/L vanillin derived from pretreatment of CS), and simultaneously metabolizes hexose and pentose without CCR effect. Based on the promising consortium features, an efficient process of simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) was developed to produce LA from acid pretreated corn stover, in which solid–liquid separation and detoxification were avoided. The key influencing factors were investigated and optimized, including dry biomass and cellulase loading, corn steep liquor powder concentration, and the pre-hydrolysis time. The highest LA titer of 71.04 g/L with a yield of 0.49 g/g-CS was achieved at a dry biomass loading of 20% (w/v), which is the highest LA production from non-detoxified acid pretreated corn stover via the SSCF process without wastewater generation reported to date. The simultaneous metabolism of hexose and pentose revealed collaboration between Enterococcus in the consortium, whereas xylose may be efficiently metabolized by Lactobacillus and Bacillus with low abundance via the pentose phosphate pathway.

Conclusions
The experimental results demonstrated the potential advantage of symbiosis in microbial consortia used for LA production from lignocellulosic biomass.
The inertial relaxed algorithm with Armijo-type line search for solving multiple-sets split feasibility problem
Authors: Chen Wenting , Li Meixia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe multiple-sets split feasibility problem is the generalization of split feasibility problem, which has been widely used in fuzzy image reconstruction and sparse signal processing systems. In this paper, we present an inertial relaxed algorithm to solve the multiple-sets split feasibility problem by using an alternating inertial step. The advantage of this algorithm is that the choice of stepsize is determined by Armijo-type line search, which avoids calculating the norms of operators. The weak convergence of the sequence obtained by our algorithm is proved under mild conditions. In addition, the numerical experiments are given to verify the convergence and validity of the algorithm.
Machine learning techniques to predict daily rainfall amount
Authors: Liyew Chalachew Muluken , Melese Haileyesus Amsaya 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPredicting the amount of daily rainfall improves agricultural productivity and secures food and water supply to keep citizens healthy. To predict rainfall, several types of research have been conducted using data mining and machine learning techniques of different countries’ environmental datasets. An erratic rainfall distribution in the country affects the agriculture on which the economy of the country depends on. Wise use of rainfall water should be planned and practiced in the country to minimize the problem of the drought and flood occurred in the country. The main objective of this study is to identify the relevant atmospheric features that cause rainfall and predict the intensity of daily rainfall using machine learning techniques. The Pearson correlation technique was used to select relevant environmental variables which were used as an input for the machine learning model. The dataset was collected from the local meteorological office at Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia to measure the performance of three machine learning techniques (Multivariate Linear Regression, Random Forest, and Extreme Gradient Boost). Root mean squared error and Mean absolute Error methods were used to measure the performance of the machine learning model. The result of the study revealed that the Extreme Gradient Boosting machine learning algorithm performed better than others.
A study on ER stress-induced apoptosis pathway in cervical cancer HeLa cells treated with biosynthesized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Kamala Priya M. R. , Iyer Priya R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The expression of apoptotic family of protein plays a major role in induction of programmed cell death. There are six major apoptotic proteins such as Caspase 12, Bcl 2, BAX, Cytochrome c, PARP3 and Mcl1. All these proteins have crucial role in the regulation of apoptosis through mitochondrial degradation, DNA damage, nuclear condensation and eventually cell death of the cancerous cells. It was observed that the apoptotic pathway has been initiated in the cancer cells from the expression of the apoptotic proteins. The results emphasized that the apoptotic cell death has been induced by the nanomaterials against cervical cancer HeLa cell line.

Methods
Initially, the nanomaterials were individually checked for potential anticancer activities through MTT assay. The cervical cancer HeLa cell line was treated with nanoparticles, nanoconjugates, nano-dox conjugate and chitosan–nano-dox conjugates. The cell lysates were processed for SDS–PAGE followed by Western blotting. The apoptotic expression has been studied for six major apoptotic proteins such as Caspase 12, Bcl 2, BAX, Cytochrome c, PARP3 and Mcl 1.

Results
In the present study, the biosynthesized gold nanoparticles, nanoconjugates, nano-dox conjugate, chitosan–nano-dox conjugate were treated against cervical cancer HeLa cell line. The results demonstrated anticancer effects of the nanocompounds implying nanoparticles induced apoptotic pathway in the cancer cells. Further apoptotic expression was studied for six major apoptotic proteins such as Caspase 12, Bcl 2, BAX, Cytochrome c, PARP3 and Mcl 1. The present study was focussed on anticancer efficiency of biosynthesized nanomaterials.

Conclusions
The in vitro anticancer study showed that the nanomaterials induced cell death over the treated cervical cancer cells. In the process of apoptotic cell death, the caspase cascade pathway was activated. The gene expression was checked in line with some of the genes involved in apoptosis, cell death. The expression was checked for Caspase 12, BAX, Bcl2, cyt c, PARP3 and Mcl 1. The expression of apoptotic proteins suggested that the cancer cell death was mediated through ER stress-induced pathway involving the major apoptotic proteins.
Purification and characterization of actinidin from Actinidia deliciosa and its utilization in inactivation of α-amylase
Authors: Dhiman Vivek Kumar , Chauhan Vivek , Kanwar Shamsher Singh , Singh Devendra , Pandey Himanshu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Actinidin is an anionic thiol-proteinase predominant and unique to Chinese gooseberry or kiwifruit, whose strong digestibility enables proteins or enzymes vulnerable to digestion. The arrangement of active cysteine–thiol residues (Cys22-Cys65, Cys56-Cys98, and Cys156-Cys206) stabilizes the catalytic unit, thus allowing an effective Inhibition of α-amylase protein on exposure to the highest concentrations of actinidin under optimum conditions. When starch-rich foods are consumed with kiwifruit, starch digestion may be slowed by the inactivation of α-amylase (digestive enzyme), specifically reducing the blood sugar levels by hindering starch digestion that is helpful in diabetes mellitus. Thus, the study aimed at actinidin purification, optimization for maximal activity, and its demonstration as a potential to degrade α-amylase.

Results
Protease showed a molecular mass of 27 kDa on SDS-PAGE analysis. One factor at a time method was applied for process optimization, increasing the actinidin yield up to 176.03 U/mg. The enzyme was stable at a wide pH range; however, it was most active and stable at pH 7.5. The enzyme possessed half‐life at 35 °C of 5.5 h, at 40 °C of 4.5 h, at 45 °C of 2.5 h, and at 50 °C of 1 h. Lineweaver–Burk plot showed Michaelis–Menten constant (Km: 3.14 mg/ml) and maximal velocity (Vmax: 1.428 mmol/ml/min) using casein. The actinidin activity was enhanced with Ca2+ while it was inhibited by Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions. The α-amylase protein was successfully inactivated upon incubation with actinidin for 30 min; around ~ 85% of the α-amylase activity diminished. IC50 for inhibition of α-amylase was 2.54 mg/ml for crude actinidin and 1.86 mg/ml for purified actinidin.

Conclusions
Purified Actinidin showed a 1.28-fold increase in proteolytic activity. The proteinase showed an active pH range of 3.5–8.5 under varied buffer conditions and thermostability up to 50 °C. The results revealed a significant potential utility of actinidin to retard amylase as it effectively degraded the amylolytic enzyme under in vitro conditions and could be beneficial for lowering glycemic response to ingested starch. However, further in vitro as well as in vivo studies need to be conducted under gastrointestinal conditions to establish the hypothesis.
A bolder One Health: expanding the moral circle to optimize health for all
Authors: Coghlan Simon , Coghlan Benjamin John , Capon Anthony , Singer Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOne Health is a ground-breaking philosophy for improving health. It imaginatively challenges centuries-old assumptions about wellbeing and is now widely regarded as the ‘best solution’ for mitigating human health problems, including pandemic zoonotic diseases. One Health’s success is imperative because without big changes to the status quo, great suffering and ill-health will follow. However, even in its more ambitious guises, One Health is not radical enough. For example, it has not embraced the emerging philosophical view that historical anthropocentrism is an unfounded ethical prejudice against other animals. This paper argues that One Health should be more imaginative and adventurous in its core philosophy and ultimately in its recommendations and activities. It must expand the circle of moral concern beyond a narrow focus on human interests to include nonhuman beings and the environment. On this bolder agenda, progressive ethical and practical thinking converge for the benefit of the planet and its diverse inhabitants—human and nonhuman.