bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural correlates of fat preference in frontotemporal dementia: translating insights from the obesity literature
Authors: Ahmed Rebekah M. , Tse Nga Yan , Chen Yu , Henning Elana , Hodges John R. , Kiernan Matthew C. , Irish Muireann , Farooqi I. Sadaf , Piguet Olivier 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveAlterations in eating behaviour are one of the diagnostic features of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). It is hypothesised that underlying brain network disturbances and atrophy to key structures may affect macronutrient preference in bvFTD. We aimed to establish whether a preference for dietary fat exists in bvFTD, its association with cognitive symptoms and the underlying neural mechanisms driving these changes.MethodsUsing a test meal paradigm, adapted from the obesity literature, with variable fat content (low 20%, medium 40% and high 60%), preference for fat in 20 bvFTD was compared to 16 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and 13 control participants. MRI brain scans were analysed to determine the neural correlates of fat preference.ResultsBehavioural variant FTD patients preferred the high‐fat meal compared to both AD (U = 61.5; p = 0.001) and controls (U = 41.5; p = 0.001), with 85% of bvFTD participants consistently rating the high‐fat content meal as their preferred option. This increased preference for the high‐fat meal was associated with total behavioural change (Cambridge Behavioural Inventory: rs = 0.462; p = 0.001), as well as overall functional decline (Frontotemporal Dementia Rating Scale: rs = −0.420; p = 0.03). A preference for high‐fat content in bvFTD was associated with atrophy in an extended brain network including frontopolar, anterior cingulate, insular cortices, putamen and amygdala extending into lateral temporal, posteromedial parietal and occipital cortices.ConclusionsIncreased preference for fat content is associated with many of the canonical features of bvFTD. These findings offer new insights into markers of disease progression and pathogenesis, providing potential treatment targets.
Patient Acceptance of Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants in Rheumatology Care
Authors: Frazier Karen , Paez Kathryn A. , Creek Emily , Vinci Arlene , Amolegbe Andrew , Hasanbasri Arifah 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo assess whether patients with autoimmune disease would accept advanced practice providers (APPs) as an option to fill the growing shortage of rheumatologists.MethodsWe administered a cross‐sectional survey to 500 patients or parents of children who reported having been diagnosed with qualifying autoimmune conditions and who had seen their primary rheumatology providers in the past 6 months. Respondents self‐reported whether their primary providers were rheumatologists or APPs. Our analysis compared the attitude and experience of the patients whose primary rheumatology providers were APPs with those of patients whose primary providers were rheumatologists.ResultsOf respondents, 36.8% reported having APPs as primary rheumatology providers. Patients of APPs were significantly more likely to arrive at their provider's office in 15 minutes or less (P < 0.01) and to be able to schedule routine and urgent appointments sooner (P = 0.02 and 0.05, respectively). There were no significant differences in overall patient experience of care between provider types. Most patients rated their providers highly, but those who saw rheumatologists rated their providers significantly higher (P < 0.01). Patients of APPs were significantly more likely than patients of rheumatologists to prefer to see APPs over rheumatologists (P < 0.01) and to recommend APPs (P < 0.01).ConclusionAPPs may improve access to care and, regardless of provider type, patients rated their overall experience of care similarly. Overall, patient attitudes toward APPs were positive regardless of provider type, although APP patients held more positive overall attitudes toward APPs than did rheumatologist patients.
Risk of Hospitalization for Serious Infection After Initiation of Ustekinumab or Other Biologics in Patients With Psoriasis or Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Jin Yinzhu , Lee Hemin , Lee Moa P. , Landon Joan E. , Merola Joseph F. , Desai Rishi J. , Kim Seoyoung C. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo compare the risk of serious infections requiring hospitalization in patients with psoriasis (PsO) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) initiating ustekinumab versus other biologics or apremilast.MethodsIn this multi‐database cohort study, we identified patients with PsO/PsA who initiated therapy with adalimumab, apremilast, certolizumab, etanercept, golimumab, ixekizumab, secukinumab, or ustekinumab between 2009 and 2018. The primary outcome measure was hospitalizations due to serious infections, which included bacterial, viral, or opportunistic infections. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) comparing each study drug to ustekinumab after applying propensity score fine stratification weights for confounding control in each database. Database‐specific weighted HRs were combined by meta‐analysis.ResultsWe identified 123,383 patients with PsO/PsA who initiated one of the study drugs. During a total of 117,744 person‐years of follow‐up, 1,514 serious infections occurred with a crude incidence of 1.29 per 100 person‐years. After propensity score fine stratification and weighting, the incidence rates of serious infection among ustekinumab initiators ranged from 0.59 to 0.95 per 100 person‐years. Compared with ustekinumab, the combined weighted HRs (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) for serious infections were 1.66 (95% CI 1.34–2.06) for adalimumab, 1.42 (95% CI 1.02–1.96) for apremilast, 1.09 (95% CI 0.68–1.75) for certolizumab, 1.39 (95% CI 1.01–1.90) for etanercept, 1.74 (95% CI 1.00–3.03) for golimumab, 2.92 (95% CI 1.80–4.72) for infliximab, 2.98 (95% CI 1.20–7.41) for ixekizumab, and 1.84 (95% CI 1.24–2.72) for secukinumab.ConclusionOther biologics and apremilast were associated with a 1.4‐ to 3‐times higher risk of hospitalization for serious infections in PsO/PsA patients when compared to ustekinumab; this finding should be considered in the safety profile of these therapies when selecting appropriate treatment regimens in patients with PsO/PsA.
Diagnostic Performances of Ultrasound Evaluation of Major Salivary Glands According to the 2019 Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Ultrasound Scoring System
Authors: Robin François , Albert Jean‐David , Lescoat Alain , Martel Amélie , Perdriger Aleth , DeBandt Michel , Maillot François , Coiffier Guillaume 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultrasound examination of the salivary glands (US‐SG) according to the 2019 Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) US scoring system for Sjögren's syndrome (SS).MethodsThe present work was a retrospective study based on a multicentric cohort with SS/sicca syndrome. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) 2016 classification criteria for SS (a score of ≥4 without ocular staining score), the American‐European Consensus Group (AECG) 2002 classification criteria, and clinician experts were considered as reference standards for diagnosis of SS. An OMERACT score of ≥2 according to 2 independent readers defined the diagnosis of SS based on US‐SG assessment. Diagnostic performances and interobserver reproducibility of US‐SG were assessed.ResultsForty‐two patients fulfilling the ACR/EULAR 2016 criteria for SS were compared to 30 control subjects with sicca syndrome. Twenty‐five patients were diagnosed as having SS according to US‐SG evaluation, and they were more frequently observed in the SS group (52.5%) than in the control group (10.0%) (P < 0.001). US‐SG showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.751 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.621, 0.882) for the diagnosis of SS (ACR/EULAR 2016 classification). The inclusion of US‐SG in the ACR/EULAR 2016 classification improved sensitivity (91.5% versus 89.4%) with limited decrease of specificity (96.0% versus 100%) and with an AUC of 0.975 (95% CI 0.945, 1.00). Similar results were observed when US‐SG was included in the AECG 2002 classification criteria. Interobserver reproducibility of a score of ≥2 according to the 2019 OMERACT US scoring system for SS diagnosis was good (κ = 0.73 [95% CI 0.64, 0.81]). Histologic lymphocyte infiltration of the minor salivary glands was associated with the OMERACT grading of US‐SG.ConclusionThe present study confirms the good specificity of the 2019 OMERACT US classification measures of US‐SG for the diagnosis of SS and its feasibility in daily practice.
“Like Peanut Butter and Jelly”: A Qualitative Study of Chiropractic Care and Home Exercise Among Older Adults With Spinal Disability
Authors: Maiers Michele , Salsbury Stacie A. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveA mixed‐methods, randomized controlled trial comparing short‐ and long‐term chiropractic care and exercise therapy for spinal disability in older adults found no between‐group differences in the primary outcome. However, those who received long‐term management reported greater improvement in neck pain, self‐efficacy, function, and balance. This nested qualitative study explored participants' perceptions of the benefits and drawbacks of chiropractic care and exercise for spine‐related outcomes, with an emphasis on understanding what makes treatment for spine‐related problems worthwhile.MethodsOf 171 individual interviews conducted after completing study treatment, 50 participants (25 per treatment group) were randomly selected for this analysis. Qualitative descriptive analysis included dual coding of verbatim transcripts by 2 investigators (MM and SAS), which was further distilled into a consensus‐derived codebook of themes and organized using NVIVO software.ResultsParticipants described trial interventions as complementary to one another for spine‐related disability. Chiropractic care was viewed as improving spinal pain and controlling symptoms, while exercise therapy was noted for its long‐term impact on self‐efficacy and self‐management. These older adults considered changes in pain, global sense of improvement, and improved biomechanical function as making treatment worthwhile.ConclusionOlder adults valued nonpharmacologic treatment options that aided them in controlling spine‐related symptoms, while empowering them to maintain clinical benefit gained after a course of chiropractic spinal manipulation and exercise. The complementary nature of provider‐delivered and active care modalities may be an important consideration when developing care plans. This study underscores the importance of understanding participants' values and experiences when interpreting study results and applying them to practice.
Production of napiergrass as a forage and bioenergy feedstock with swine‐lagoon effluent
Authors: Read John J. , Lang David J. , Anderson William F. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStudies are lacking on the performance of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) fertilized with swine (Sus scrofa domestica)‐lagoon effluent. This study (2011–2013) determined biomass yield, nutrient removal, nutritive value, and ethanol yield in cultivar ‘Merkeron’ at a single, late‐season harvest. Effluent irrigations provided 727 kg ha–1 nitrogen (N) annually (3‐yr average). Napiergrass removed 92% of N and 73% of phosphorus (P) applied in 2013, the peak year of production (58.9 Mg ha–1). As compared to stems, leaves had greater (p < .01) crude protein (32 vs. 100 g kg–1) and less acid detergent fiber (482 vs. 340 g kg–1). Ethanol yield was approximately 36% lower in stems than leaves (98 vs. 153 g kg–1), and xylose yield was 7% lower (170 vs 183 g kg–1); however, stems account for a larger amount of lignocellulosic biomass for estimating bioethanol production than leaves. Ethanol yield potential was approximately 109 g kg–1 grass biomass.
Which is the best predictor of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula after pancreatectomy: drain fluid concentration or total amount of amylase?
Authors: Fukami Yasuyuki , Saito Takuya , Osawa Takaaki , Hanazawa Takaaki , Kurahashi Takehiro , Kurahashi Shintaro , Matsumura Tatsuki , Komatsu Shunichiro , Kaneko Kenitiro , Sano Tsuyoshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimDrain fluid amylase concentration (DFAC) has been reported as a predictor of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR‐POPF) after pancreatectomy. However, the clinical significance of measuring the total drain fluid amylase amount (DFAA) considering the daily drainage volume of CR‐POPF remains unclear.MethodsData from 216 consecutive patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) (n = 126) or distal pancreatectomy (DP) (n = 90) between August 2014 and November 2020 were reviewed. All drains were closed but not suctioned. DFAA was calculated by multiplying the DFAC and daily drainage fluid volume. DFAC and DFAA were recorded on d 1 and 3 after pancreatectomy. The cutoff value of CR‐POPF was determined using the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsCR‐POPF was found in 75 patients (35%) (PD: 30%, DP: 41%, P = .111); the mortality rate was zero. The cutoff value of DFAC‐day 1 was 1757 U/L (sensitivity [SE]: 84%, specificity [SP]: 62%, and accuracy [AC]: 69%). The cutoff value of DFAA‐day 1 was 139 U (SE: 71%, SP: 72%, and AC: 71%). The cutoff value of DFAC‐day 3 was 1044 U/L (SE: 73%, SP: 79%, and AC: 78%). The cutoff value of DFAA‐day 3 was 21 U (SE: 68%, SP: 72%, and AC: 70%). Multivariate analysis indicated that a nondilated pancreatic duct and high DFAC‐day 3 were independently associated with CR‐POPF after PD, indicating that a prolonged operative duration, massive blood loss, and high DFAC‐day 3 are independently associated with CR‐POPF after DP.ConclusionDFAC is more reliable than DFAA for predicting CR‐POPF after both PD and DP.
Multipartite Entanglement Structure Resolution Analyzer Based on Quantum‐Control‐Assisted Multipartite Uncertainty Relation
Authors: Zheng Xiao , Ma Shao‐Qiang , Zhang Guo‐Feng , Fan Heng , Liu Wu‐Ming , Kwek Leong‐Chuan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBy constructing a quantum‐control‐assisted multipartite uncertainty relation, a general and efficient multipartite entanglement structure resolution analyzer is provided for all pure states with arbitrary number of parties in arbitrary finite dimension. The lower bounds of this multipartite uncertainty relation present different spectra for different multipartite entanglement structures, and they thus can be considered as a form of resolution analyzer for the multipartite entanglement structure. The resolution analyzer obtained delineates the detailed structure of multipartite entanglement with a suitable number of incompatible measurements, without a complete prior knowledge of the quantum state.
Cucurbituril‐verkapselnde metallorganische Gerüstverbindung über Mechanochemie: Adsorbentien mit verbesserter Leistung
Authors: Liang Jun , Gvilava Vasily , Jansen Christian , Öztürk Secil , Spieß Alex , Lin Jingxiang , Xing Shanghua , Sun Yangyang , Wang Hao , Janiak Christoph 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEs werden die ersten Beispiele für monolithische kristalline Wirt‐Gast‐Hybridmaterialien beschrieben. Durch die Reaktion von 1,3,5‐Benzoltricarbonsäure (H3BTC) und Fe(NO3)3⋅9 H2O in Gegenwart von Decamethylcucurbit[5]uril‐Ammoniumchlorid (MC5⋅2 NH4Cl⋅4 H2O) entstehen direkt MC5@MIL‐100(Fe)‐Hybrid‐Monolithe mit hierarchischen Mikro‐, Meso‐ und Makroporen. Diese “Flasche‐um‐Schiff”‐Synthese und die Ein‐Topf‐Formgebung werden insbesondere durch ein neu entdecktes, mechanochemisch gebildetes Fe‐MC5‐Fließgel erleichtert. Das entworfene MC5@MIL‐100(Fe)‐Hybridmaterial mit MC5 als aktive Domänen hat eine verbesserte CH4‐ und Blei(II)‐Aufnahmeleistung und eine selektive Aufnahme von Blei(II)‐Kationen bei niedrigen Konzentrationen. Dies zeigt, dass Wirt‐Gast‐Hybridmaterialien synergetische Eigenschaften aufweisen können, die Materialien auf Basis von Einzelkomponenten übertreffen.
Aufdeckung der Rolle von Hydrogencarbonat‐Ionen bei der Bildung von Calciumcarbonat im nahezu neutralen pH‐Bereich
Authors: Huang Yu‐Chieh , Rao Ashit , Huang Shing‐Jong , Chang Chun‐Yu , Drechsler Markus , Knaus Jennifer , Chan Jerry Chun Chung , Raiteri Paolo , Gale Julian D. , Gebauer Denis 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDie Grundlagen der Mineralisation und die entsprechenden Mechanismen sind noch nicht ausreichend verstanden. Dies ist insbesondere für biologische und geologische Systeme der Fall. In dieser Studie konnte die Beteiligung von HCO3−‐Ionen an der Nukleation von CaCO3 durch quantitative Untersuchungen der Ionenassoziationen im nahezu neutralen pH‐Bereich nachgewiesen werden. Der strukturelle Einbau von HCO3−‐Ionen in amorphe Intermediate konnte mittels ssNMR belegt werden und wird des Weiteren durch quantenmechanische Berechnungen sowie Simulationen der Moleküldynamik gestützt. Der Einfluss von HCO3−‐Ionen erstreckt sich dabei auf 1) eine konkurrierende Rolle in Gleichgewichten bezüglich der Bildung von Ionenpaaren und Ionenclustern vor der Nukleation sowie auf 2) den Einbau in amorphe Mineralpartikel als wichtige strukturelle Komponente. Der Einfluss dieser aktiv beteiligten löslichen Spezies auf die Bildung von Calciumcarbonat ist von fundamentaler Bedeutung, um die physiologische und geologische Mineralisation in ihren Grundsätzen besser zu verstehen.
Development of active cassava starch films reinforced with waste from industrial wine production and enriched with pink pepper extract
Authors: Laureanti Emanuele Joana Gbur , Paiva Thainnane Silva , de Souza Tasso Ivisson , Dallabona Ithiara Dalponte , Helm Cristiane Vieira , de Matos Jorge Luiz Mario , Jorge Regina Maria Matos 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the influence of grape stalk (GS) from the Bordo grape variety (Vittis labruscaL.) as a reinforcing agent, and pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifoliusRaddi) extract (PPE) as an antioxidant, in cassava starch (CS)‐glycerol (GLY) films. The developed biodegradable films were characterized according to structural, barrier, mechanical, antioxidant and optical properties, as well as biodegradability and compared to both the control and blank films. Films containing a high GS content exhibited a significant increase in tensile strength (TS) values by 73%, whereas the films containing a high PPE content exhibited an important increase elongation (ELO) values by 20%, comparing to the control film (CO). The films containing 5.52% v/v of PPE presented an improving on antioxidant activity and barrier properties, leading DPPH and ABTS percentual radical scavenging activity by 51.79% and 58.18%, and decreasing water vapor permeability and solubility by expressive values of 34.11% and 79.43%, respectively. According to the results obtained in this study, the films using GS and PPE exhibited valuable characteristics and are an alternative for applications as a promising biodegradable packaging material.
The influence of 3‐glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane on the rheological and in‐vitro behavior of injectable composites containing64Sbioactive glass, chitosan, and gelatin
Authors: Sohrabi Mehri , Yekta Bijan Eftekhari , Rezaie Hamid Reza , Naimi‐Jamal Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe effect of cross‐linker 3‐glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) on the injectability, bioactivity, rheology, washout resistance, and cellular behavior of bio‐nano composite pastes containing a sol–gel derived bioactive glass (BG), chitosan (Cn), and gelatin (Gel), were studied. The results indicated that the structural integrity of the samples in the stimulated body fluid (SBF) was improved from 80% to 90% with the increase in the GPTMS content. In addition, the viscosity and injectability of the paste were affected, so that the later changed from 96% to 73% and the former changed from 132 × 103to 210 × 103 Pa.s, with addition of 20 wt% GPTMS. Furthermore, the bioactivity of the pastes was improved with the use of GPTMS. No toxicity was observed in the cellular studies of the GPTMS containing paste after 7 days, and the cells kept their shape and were attached firmly to the paste surface. The results of the present work showed that the use of GPTMS was beneficial in enhancing the properties of injectable paste.
La3+ modified poly(γ‐glutamic acid) hydrogels with high strength and anti‐swelling property for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Wu Hailin , Chen Jing , Zhu Peizhi , Gao Chunxia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe applications of synthetic hydrogels in cartilage regeneration are usually limited by their weak mechanical properties, uncontrolled swelling/degradation, and insufficient osteogenic activity. Developing tough hydrogels have been attracting great attention in biomedical engineering. In this study, a high strength and tough poly(γ‐glutamic acid) (γ‐PGA) hydrogels with excellent anti‐swelling property were developed by immersing as‐prepared γ‐PGA hydrogels in LaCl3 aqueous solution. Results revealed that the concentration of LaCl3 aqueous solution has great influence on the mechanical properties of γ‐PGA hydrogels. The tensile strength of γ‐PGA hydrogels improved from 0.12 ± 0.02 MPa to 14.65 ± 0.48 MPa when LaCl3 concentration was 0.15 M. Moreover, the swelling ratio decreased from 1035.75 ± 33.16% to 18.21 ± 3.08%. The morphology and microstructure of La3+ reinforced γ‐PGA hydrogels were characterized by SEM/EDS, FT‐IR and XPS. Furthermore, in vitro cytocompatibility of La3+ reinforced γ‐PGA hydrogels was evaluated via MC3T3‐E1 cells. Finally, this study provides a facile and effective strategy for modifying the mechanical and swelling properties of γ‐PGA‐based hydrogels, which offers great potential applications in cartilage repair and regeneration.
Subchondral Bone Length in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Deep Learning–Derived Imaging Measure and Its Association With Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Chang Gary H. , Park Lisa K. , Le Nina A. , Jhun Ray S. , Surendran Tejus , Lai Joseph , Seo Hojoon , Promchotichai Nuwapa , Yoon Grace , Scalera Jonathan , Capellini Terence D. , Felson David T. , Kolachalama Vijaya B. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveTo develop a bone shape measure that reflects the extent of cartilage loss and bone flattening in knee osteoarthritis (OA) and test it against estimates of disease severity.MethodsA fast region‐based convolutional neural network was trained to crop the knee joints in sagittal dual‐echo steady‐state magnetic resonance imaging sequences obtained from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). Publicly available annotations of the cartilage and menisci were used as references to annotate the tibia and the femur in 61 knees. Another deep neural network (U‐Net) was developed to learn these annotations. Model predictions were compared to radiologist‐driven annotations on an independent test set (27 knees). The U‐Net was applied to automatically extract the knee joint structures on the larger OAI data set (n = 9,434 knees). We defined subchondral bone length (SBL), a novel shape measure characterizing the extent of overlying cartilage and bone flattening, and examined its relationship with radiographic joint space narrowing (JSN), concurrent pain and disability (according to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index), as well as subsequent partial or total knee replacement. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for each outcome were estimated using relative changes in SBL from the OAI data set stratified into quartiles.ResultsThe mean SBL values for knees with JSN were consistently different from knees without JSN. Greater changes of SBL from baseline were associated with greater pain and disability. For knees with medial or lateral JSN, the ORs for future knee replacement between the lowest and highest quartiles corresponding to SBL changes were 5.68 (95% CI 3.90–8.27) and 7.19 (95% CI 3.71–13.95), respectively.ConclusionSBL quantified OA status based on JSN severity and shows promise as an imaging marker in predicting clinical and structural OA outcomes.