bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of α2δ1 in hypopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Liu Qiang , Dong Yanbo , Yuan Shuoqing , Yu Minghang , Liu Liangfa , Zhang Qing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 (α2δ1) has been identified as a marker of cancer stem cells in multiple malignant tumor types. However, α2δ1’s role in the prognosis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) was not reported. In our study, ten pairs of HSCC and peritumoral normal tissues were used for immunohistochemistry assessment. And α2δ1 expression levels of 34 more HSCC samples were also evaluated, represented by the integral optic density using Image-Pro Plus. Clinicopathological associations and prognostic value of α2δ1 were analyzed. As a result, α2δ1 expression was frequently increased in HSCC tissues. Although the correlation between patients’ clinicopathological characteristics and their α2δ1 expression levels was not significant, α2δ1 expression was significantly correlated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) (P = 0.018) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.023). Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses suggested α2δ1’s prognostic role for both OS and PFS (P = 0.013 and 0.011, respectively). This study specifically demonstrated that α2δ1 regularly increased in HSCC compared with peritumoral tissues, and α2δ1 could act as a promising prognostic marker in HSCC patients.
Influence of Complete Tool-Offset Position on Intrinsic Microstructure and Its Effect on Fatigue Life of AA2024 Alloy-Copper Joint Made by Friction Stir Welding
Authors: Rajendran Anbukkarasi , Hariharan Rajneesh , Kailas Satish Vasu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Tool offset position is the key parameter to consider during the welding of dissimilar metals by friction stir welding technique. It helps to control the formation of brittle intermetallics and volume defects. Even tool offset position can leave defects at the interface when it exceeds a certain limits, and it has been reported as two-thirds of the bottom radius of the tool. In this work, the effect of the maximum tool deviation (complete offset) on intrinsic microstructure and fatigue life of AA 2024-copper weld was studied. For this, an experiment was carried out with complete tool offset position. The results highlighted that the stir zone was formed mainly by aluminum and the total volume of copper transferred into the stir zone was measured as 5.6 % of the total volume of the stir zone. This kind of structure gives excellent fatigue life to the weld compared to the regular microstructure formed during friction stir welding.
The Type 2 Diabetes Factor Methylglyoxal Mediates Axon Initial Segment Shortening and Alters Neuronal Function at the Cellular and Network Levels
Authors: Griggs Ryan B. , Nguyen Duc V. M. , Yermakov Leonid M. , Jaber Jeneane M. , Shelby Jennae N. , Steinbrunner Josef K. , Miller John A. , Gonzalez-Islas Carlos , Wenner Peter , Susuki Keiichiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that alteration of axon initial segment (AIS) geometry (i.e., length or location along the axon) contributes to CNS dysfunction in neurological diseases. For example, AIS length is shorter in the prefrontal cortex of type 2 diabetic mice with cognitive impairment. To determine the key type 2 diabetes-related factor that produces AIS shortening we modified levels of insulin, glucose, or the reactive glucose metabolite methylglyoxal in cultures of dissociated cortices from male and female mice and quantified AIS geometry using immunofluorescent imaging of the AIS proteins AnkyrinG and βIV spectrin. Neither insulin nor glucose modification altered AIS length. Exposure to 100 but not 1 or 10 μmmethylglyoxal for 24 h resulted in accumulation of the methylglyoxal-derived advanced glycation end-product hydroimidazolone and produced reversible AIS shortening without cell death. Methylglyoxal-evoked AIS shortening occurred in both excitatory and putative inhibitory neuron populations and in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX). In single-cell recordings resting membrane potential was depolarized at 0.5–3 h and returned to normal at 24 h. In multielectrode array (MEA) recordings methylglyoxal produced an immediate ∼300% increase in spiking and bursting rates that returned to normal within 2 min, followed by a ∼20% reduction of network activity at 0.5–3 h and restoration of activity to baseline levels at 24 h. AIS length was unchanged at 0.5–3 h despite the presence of depolarization and network activity reduction. Nevertheless, these results suggest that methylglyoxal could be a key mediator of AIS shortening and disruptor of neuronal function during type 2 diabetes.
Obediencia al principio de la sobrecarga en el entrenamiento resistido y mejora de la autonomía funcional en ancianos mayores
Authors: Santa Rosa de Sousa Moises Simão , De Souza Santos Cesar Augusto , Freitas da Silveira Camila , Lins Meira Ronaldo , Batista Miranda Fábio 
Published: September 2021

Objetivou-se comparar a força e a autonomia funcional entre idosos praticantes de treinamento resistido com e sem sobrecarga adicional. Participaram 28 idosos de ambos os sexos da Academia ao Ar Livre e do Laboratório de Exercícios Resistidos e Saúde da Universidade do Estado do Pará (Leres-UEPA). Avaliou-se a força de preensão manual, através da dinamometria, a resistência de membros inferiores, a partir do teste de sentar e levantar em 30 segundos, e autonomia funcional, pela bateria de testes do Grupo de Desenvolvimento Latino-Americano para a Maturidade (GDLAM). Os resultados mostraram níveis discretamente superiores para a mensuração da força de preensão manual e a resistência de membros inferiores no grupo Leres que pratica treinamento resistido com sobrecarga progressiva.No protocolo GDLAM, embora sem diferenças estatísticas, o grupo Leres realizou, em tempos discretamente inferiores em relação ao do grupo AAL, os testes caminha 10 metros (C10M), levanta-se da posição sentada( LPS), levantar-se da posição em decúbito ventral (LPDV) e levanta-se da cadeira e locomo-se pea casa (lCLC), apresentando tempo superior apenas no teste LPDV, portanto com melhor autonomia funcional, o que comprovouque os idosos são mais ativos funcionalmente devido à maior força e resistência muscular decorrentes das adaptações estruturais causadas pela sobrecarga progressiva. Conclui-se que, por meio da prática do exercício resistido, podem-se obter respostas favoráveis quanto aos níveis de autonomia funcional em idosos, aprimorando significativamente o ganho de força muscular, o que ocasiona maior independência e melhor qualidade de vida.
Aspectos motores en la educación física escolar y la natación
Authors: De Sá Carvalho Paixão Luma Silveira , Seixas-da-Silva Ignácio Antônio , Principe Vitor Ayres , Pernambuco Carlos Soares , Gomes de Souza Vale Rodrigo 
Published: September 2021

O estudo teve como objetivo comparar os aspectos motores entre escolares e crianças que praticam atividade extraclasse de natação. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo comparativo, e a bateria de teste utilizada foi a Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor de Rosa (2002), a partir da qual foram utilizados os testes de motricidade global, equilíbrio e lateralidade. Foram avaliadas 28 crianças, das quais 14 são escolares (3 meninos e 11 meninas) e 14 alunos (7 meninos e 7 meninas) que atuam na escola junto à atividade extra de natação. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram uma diferença significativa no teste de motricidade global e equilíbrio com relação às frequências de execução, sendo favoráveis ao grupo de alunos que praticam atividade extra de natação.
Caracterización de la canal de ovinos sacrificados en una planta frigorífica de Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Aguayo-Ulloa Lorena Angélica , Rua-Bustamante Clara Viviana , Suárez-Paternina Emiro Andrés , Ríos-de-Álvarez Leyla 
Published: September 2021

Introducción. En Colombia, los ovinos son una especie promisoria para producir carne, pero se desconocen reportes sobre características de la canal a nivel comercial en la región. Objetivo. Diagnosticar la calidad de la canal de ovinos sacrificados en una planta frigorífica del departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. De mayo 2017 hasta julio 2018, se registraron variables a 883 ovinos (fenotipo, peso vivo y sexo) y sus canales (peso, conformación y engrasamiento, hemorragias intratorácicas, morfometría y pH a las 24 h). Se realizó un muestreo dirigido a cuatro grupos de canales de animales castrados (C) y enteros (E), con tres pesos de sacrificio (ligeros: CL=±23,8kg y EL= 23,9 kg; medio: CM=±27,7 kg; pesado: EP=±36,2 kg) en un diseño no balanceado, para evaluar la canal y composición tisular de la paleta. Resultados. El peso de las canales en caliente (PCC), rendimiento de canal (RCC) e índice de compacidad fueron 11,11 kg, 41,49 % y 0,19. Las canales presentaron una conformación muscular de normal a deficiente (87,7 %) y una cobertura grasa muy escasa (68,7 %). El 84,3 % de las canales fueron de machos, con PCC de 10,86±0,09 kg y RCC de 41,51±0,1 %. Las hembras, en su mayoría mayores de un año (66,90 %), tuvieron PCC significativamente mayor (12,47±0,22 kg), pero similar RCC que los machos. El 10,9 % de las canales presentó hemorragias intratorácicas; los pH24 en machos y hembras fueron 5,84±0,01 y 5,94±0,03, respectivamente. Las canales CL, CM, EL y EP presentaron, respectivamente, 63,66, 61,74, 62,17 y 64,80 % de músculo (p≤0,05), 7,20, 11,56, 6,48 y 6,80 % de grasa total (p≤0,001) y 21,35, 19,66, 23,45 y 21,07 % de hueso (p<0,001). Conclusión. Los ovinos presentaron bajo peso al sacrificio, con canales heterogéneas, con una conformación muscular de normal a deficiente, índice de compacidad bajo y muy magras.
Identificación multilocus de especies de Colletotrichum asociadas a la antracnosis de papay
Authors: Ruiz-Campos Catalina , Umaña-Rojas Gerardina , Gómez-Alpízar Luis 
Published: September 2021

Introducción. La antracnosis causada por Colletotrichum spp., es la principal enfermedad poscosecha de la papaya en todo el mundo. Diferentes países han identificado por técnicas moleculares nuevas especies del género asociadas a frutas tropicales. Objetivo. Identificar, mediante técnicas morfológicas y moleculares, las especies de Colletotrichum asociadas a la antracnosis en papaya en Costa Rica. Materiales y métodos. Durante el 2014 y 2015, se establecieron 129 aislamientos monospóricos de Colletotrichum spp. aislados a partir de lesiones de antracnosis en frutos recolectados en Parrita, San Carlos y Guácimo, Costa Rica. Todos los aislamientos se caracterizaron por morfología de colonia y PCR con imprimadores taxón especie específicos para las especies C. gloeosporioides s.l. y C. acutatum s.l., respectivamente; así como con imprimadores especie específicos para C. magnum y C. truncatum. La identificación de las especies se confirmó mediante análisis multilocus, con base en la secuencia parcial de los genes actina (ACT), β-tubulina (TUB2), gliceraldehído-3-fosfato deshidrogenasa (GAPDH), quitina sintasa 1 (CHS) y la región ITS. El análisis filogenético se basó en los criterios de máxima verosimilitud y análisis Bayesiano. Resultados. Seis especies: C. fructicola, C. tropicale, C. theobromicola del complejo C. gloeosporioides, C. simmondsii del complejo C. acutatum, C. truncatum y C. magnum s.l., se asociaron a la antracnosis en frutos de papaya. C. magnum s.l. fue la especie más frecuente. Temperaturas superiores a los 18 °C permitieron el desarrollo de cinco especies, C. theobromicola, C. fructicola, C. tropicale y C. magnum s.l., las cuales presentaron un crecimiento acelerado, mientras que C. simmondsii tuvo un crecimiento lento. Conclusión. El análisis multilocus permitió identificar a especies pertenecientes de los complejos C. gloeosporioides y C. acutatum. Este es el primer informe de C. fructicola, C. tropicale, C. theobromicola y C. simmondsii asociadas a la antracnosis en frutos de papaya en Costa Rica.
Possible Discrimination in the Workspace Following Acceptance or Rejection of COVID-19 Vaccination – Opinions of Hungarian Employees
Authors: Poór József , Jenei Szonja , Módosné Szalai Szilvia 
Published: September 2021

Hungary is proud of Katalin Karikó, who was born in Hungary and educated at the University of Szeged, including a doctorate level. Later she moved to the United States where gained many practical experiences at several renowned universities as a professor. She has played a key role in the development of the COVID-19 vaccine. Their opinions are influenced by their political views, religious backgrounds, life experiences, and the country’s turbulent historical past; citizens fear various discriminatory measures. In the first part of our research, the importance of vaccinations and the Hungarian and European regulations are described. In the second section, we demonstrate that sometimes discrimination can be legal. The third part discusses the quantitative research that was conducted about the expected discrimination that can be considered legitimate or illegal. Our opinions are related to foreign travel and the activity of human resource management
Internet addiction and psychological distress among Chinese schoolchildren before and during the COVID-19 outbreak: A latent class analysis
Authors: Chen I-Hua , Chen Chao-Ying , Liu Chieh-hsiu , Ahorsu Daniel Kwasi , Griffiths Mark D. , Chen Yu-Pin , Kuo Yi-Jie , Lin Chung-Ying , Pakpour Amir H. , Wang Shu-Mei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
The present longitudinal study examined the changes in problematic internet use (problematic smartphone use, problematic social media use, and problematic gaming) and changes in COVID-19-related psychological distress (fear of COVID-19 and worry concerning COVID-19) across three time-points (before the COVID-19 outbreak, during the initial stages of the COVID-19 outbreak, and during the COVID-19 outbreak recovery period).

Methods
A total of 504 Chinese schoolchildren completed measures concerning problematic internet use and psychological distress across three time-points. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to classify participants into three groups of problematic internet use comprising Group 1 (lowest level), Group 2 (moderate level), and Group 3 (highest level).

Results
Statistical analyses showed that as problematic use of internet-related activities declined among Group 3 participants across the three time points, participants in Group 1 and Group 2 had increased problematic use of internet-related activities. Although there was no between-group difference in relation to worrying concerning COVID-19 infection, Groups 2 and 3 had significantly higher levels of fear of COVID-19 than Group 1 during the COVID-19 recovery period. Regression analysis showed that change in problematic internet use predicted fear of COVID-19 during the recovery period.

Conclusion
The varied levels of problematic internet use among schoolchildren reflect different changing trends of additive behaviors during COVID-19 outbreak and recovery periods.
Aerobic interval training improves irisin and chemerin levels of both liver and visceral adipose tissues and circulating asprosin in rats with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Ahmadabadi Fereshteh , Nakhaei Hossein , Mogharnasi Mehdi , Huang Chun-Jung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The perturbation of adipokinetic hormones, such as irisin, chemerin, and asprosin has been reported to participate in pathological conditions (e.g., insulin resistance) and chronic inflammation. However, exercise training has been long established as an effective intervention for prevention and treatment of these chronic and metabolic diseases. This study was to examine the effects of aerobic continuous training (ACT) and aerobic interval training (AIT) on irisin and chemerin levels of liver tissue (LT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), circulating asprosin, and their relationships with cardiometabolic risk factors in rats with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: normal control (N-Ctr), control (Ctr-MetS), ACT, and AIT. After familiarization, rats with exercise intervention performed either ACT or AIT five times a week over eight weeks. The level of irisin in both ACT and AIT groups was higher than the Ctr-MetS group in LT and VAT, with a greater improvement of LT level observed in AIT vs. ACT groups. Furthermore, the level of chemerin in LT and VAT was lower in both ACT and AIT groups than the Ctr-MetS group, whereas only AIT group exhibited a reduction of serum asprosin when compared to ACT and Ctr-MetS, along with the improvements of cardiometabolic markers, such as HOMA-IR and lipid profile. These findings may support the efficiency and effectiveness of AIT intervention in the modulation of these novel metabolic hormones and cardiometabolic risk factors for reduced risk of metabolic syndrome.
Mature rat hepatocyte dedifferentiation into long lived proliferating hepatic progenitor cells
Authors: Grigoriev A. M. , Kholodenko I. V. , Lupatov A. Y. , Kholodenko R. V. , Kirsanova L. A. , Basok Y. B. , Yarygin K. N. , Sevastianov V. I. 
Published: September 2021

Objective: to obtain long-lived proliferating cells with progenitor features by dedifferentiation of mature rat hepatocytes using combinations of small molecules.Materials and Methods. Hepatocytes isolated from rat liver by perfusion were cultured in the presence of a cocktail of three small molecules – Wnt signaling pathway activator (CHIR99021), TGF-β inhibitors (A83-01) and ROCK kinase (Y27632). The morphological characteristics and growth features of the culture were assessed using fluorescence and phase-contrast microscopy during cell culture. Cell proliferative activity was analyzed using real-time time-lapse imaging. The expression of surface and intracellular markers was analyzed using flow cytometry and high-resolution fluorescence microscopy.Results. Using a cocktail of small molecules, Y-27632, A-83-01, and CHIR99021, long-lived proliferating cells that express progenitor cell markers, such as α-fetoprotein and HNF4α, were obtained from mature rat hepatocytes. The cells had hepatocyte-like morphology and formed discrete clusters of proliferating cells, forming a single cell layer during culturing. Removal of the small molecules from the medium led to expansion of fibroblast-like cells and elimination of potentially progenitor hepatocyte-like cells.Conclusion. Proliferating progenitor cells can be obtained by dedifferentiation of mature hepatocytes.
Liver transplantation in pediatric patients under 15 kg; duct-to-duct vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses
Authors: Dehghani S. M. , Ataollahi M. , Salimi F. , Kazemi K. , Gholami S. , Shahramian I. , Parooie F. , Salarzaei M. , Aminisefat A. 
Published: September 2021

Back ground. Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for acute or chronic liver failure and metabolic liver disease, which is associated with good quality of life in over 80 percent of recipients. We aimed to evaluate outcome of duct-to-duct vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses in pediatric liver transplant recipients below 15-kg.Methods. In this single-center retrospective study, all children less than 15 kg that have undergone liver transplantation at Nemazee Hospital Organ Transplant Center affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from 2009 till 2019, were enrolled. Over a 10-yr period, 181 liver transplants were performed in patients with two techniques including duct-to-duct (Group 1) vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses (Group 2). All data was collected from patients’ medical records, operative notes, and post-transplant follow up notes. Data was analyzed by SPSS software V21.Results. Overall, 94 patients had duct to duct anastomosis (group 1) and 87 cases had Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (group 2). The mean age of the patients was 2.46 ± 1.5. The most common underlying diseases was biliary atresia (32%). The most prevalent complication after the surgery was infection in both groups. cardiopulmonary problems were significantly higher in group 2 (24.1% vs 4.3%) (p < 0.001). The rate of infection was significantly higher in group 2, as well.Conclusion. Our study showed a relatively high rate of post-operative infection which was the most among patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Except from biliary complications which were mostly observed in DD group, other complications were more common among Roux-en-Y group.
Alcohol Consumption and Scholastic Performance of Collegiate Physical Education Students
Authors: Andacao Arvin Alcaraz , Lad Fermar Mapayo 
Published: September 2021

Alcohol is widely used in the world. Either for happiness or resolving problems, college students continue to have interaction with alcoholic drinks. This paper was aimed to examine the connection between alcohol intake and scholastic performance of second-year college students who took Physical Education subject in Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology. The authors employed descriptive-correlational design with 115 students as samples out of 377 participated respondents. One set of adopted, contextualized, and tested 15-items of types of drinker instrument gaining excellent Cronbach’s alpha was used. Academic grades had been acquired and generated from an electronic database school system for academic records of the students. The findings discovered that the general level of alcohol consumption of the students was moderate, while the overall educational performance score was generally determined as satisfactory. The students aged 15 to 17 years gained f value 6758.46 (p0.01), while the students aged 18 to 20 years gained f=3564.71 (p0.01). Each of the result defined the sizable distinction within the alcohol consumption of college students. Meanwhile, the investigation also observed an extensive distinction in the level of alcohol use analyzed by gender (f=1780.55; p0.01). Courses and study time parameters did not show statistically significant difference in alcohol consumption. Finally, alcohol intake was not significantly correlated to instructional performance. Furthermore, the problem and high-risk of drinking in students had been found out for the maximum salience of the study. A functional and sustainable moral recovery program of each school organization that includes risk assessment, alcohol and drug education, mental health, physical exercises, games and sports, and recreational activities is recommended.