bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of CircRNA-Associated ceRNA Networks Using Longissimus Thoracis of Pigs of Different Breeds and Growth Stages
Authors: Zhuang Xiaona , Lin Zekun , Luo Junyi , Chen Ting , Xi Qianyun , Zhang Yongliang , Sun Jiajie , Xie Fang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Long-term artificial selection for growth rate and lean meat rate has eventually led to meat quality deterioration. Muscle fiber type is a key factor that markedly affects meat quality. circRNAs have been reported to participate in diverse biological activities, including myofiber growth and development; thus, we herein compared porcine circRNA transcriptome between oxidative and glycolytic muscle tissues. Results: Longissimus thoracis muscle tissues were obtained from Lantang and Landrace pigs at birth (LT1D and LW1D, respectively) and 90 postnatal days (LT90D and LW90D, respectively). Hematoxylin and eosin staining and quantitative real-time PCR revealed that all structural traits of the muscle showed large variations between different breeds and growth stages. In total, 329 known miRNAs and 42,081 transcript candidates were identified; 6,962 differentially expressed transcripts were found to play a key role in myogenesis by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. In addition, 3,352 circRNAs were identified using five predicting algorithms, and 104 circRNA candidates were differentially expressed. Integrated analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs, mRNAs, and circRNAs led to the identification of 777, 855, and 22 convincing ceRNA interactions in LT1D vs. LT90D, LW1D vs. LW90D, and LT90D vs. LW90D, respectively. Finally, we identified a circRNA candidate circKANSL1L, which showed high homology between mice and pigs, and it was found to inhibit the proliferation of C2C12 cells but promote their differentiation.Conclusions: We identified genome-wide circRNAs in 0- and 90-day-old Lantang and Landrace pigs by RNA-seq and found that circRNAs were abundant, differentially expressed, and associated with myogenesis. Our results should serve as a reference for future studies on pork quality.
Expanding Arsenal Against Diabetes Mellitus Through Nanoformulations Loaded With Glimepiride and Simvastatin: A Comparative Study
Authors: Pandey Narendra Kumar , SINGH SACHIN KUMAR , Kumar Bimlesh , Gulati Monica , Vishwas Sukriti , Khursheed Rubiya , Dureja Harish , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Jha Niraj Kumar , Sharma Ankur , Jha Saurabh Kumar , Gupta Piyush Kumar , Gupta Saurabh , Gupta Gaurav , Prasher Parteek , Dua Kamal 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common and life-threatening diseases found across the globe. It occurs due to insulin resistance (IR). Major causes of IR include obesity, sedentary life style and hyperlipidemia. Glimepiride (GLM) is one of the most common oral sulphonyl ureas that is being used to treat diabetes and Simvastatin (SIM) is one of the most common statins that is used to treat hyperlipidaemia. However, both the drugs suffer from dissolution rate limited oral bioavailability. In the present study two such drugs, GLM and SIM were co-formulated into nanosuspension (NS) as well as self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (L-SNEDDS). Both formulations were spray dried for solidification and evaluated for their antidiabetic potential against high fat diet and streptozotocin induced rat model. The study showed significant (p< 0.05) decrease in lipid/cholesterol and blood glucose levels and significant increase in antioxidant levels in the rats treated with NS and SNEDDS containing the drugs alone as well as their combination as compared to their unprocessed forms. However, the efficacy was more prominent in case of combination possibly due to dual benefits i.e., decrease in IR due to statin and control of blood glucose level. Among NS and SNEDDS, NS was found more efficacious than that of the SNEDDS possibly due to higher enhancement of oral bioavailability in case of NS.
TMCO1expression Promotes Cell Proliferation and Induces Epithelial-mesenchymal Transformation in Human Gliomas
Authors: gao lun , Ye Zhang , Liu Jun-Hui , Yang Ji-An , Li Yong , Cai Jia-Yang , Wang Yi-Xuan , Tong Shi-Ao , Deng Gang , Chen Qian-xue 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 1 (TMCO1) is a recently discovered transmembrane protein of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which plays a critical role in maintaining calcium homeostasis. TMCO1 dysfunction has been proved to be closely related to a variety of human diseases, including glaucoma, deformities, mental retardation and tumorigenesis. However, the role of TMCO1 in gliomas remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to detect the role of TMCO1 in the pathogenesis and progression of gliomas. This study demonstrated that TMCO1 was up-regulated in gliomas and its overexpression predicted poor prognosis. We also revealed that the expression of TMCO1 was associated with the World Health Organization (WHO) grade of gliomas. Knockdown of TMCO1 inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of U87 and U251cells. In addition, TMCO1 induced GBM cell migration and invasion by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). These dates collectively proved the crucial role of TMCO1 as a novel prognostic factor and underlying therapeutic target for glioma patients.
Biotic resistance or invasional meltdown? Diversity reduces invasibility but not exotic dominance in southern California epibenthic communities
Authors: Beshai Ryan Amir , Truong Danny , Henry Amy , Sorte Cascade 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High community diversity may either prevent or promote the establishment of exotic species. The biotic resistance hypothesis holds that species-rich communities are more resistant to invasion than species-poor communities due to greater interspecific competition. Conversely, the invasional meltdown hypothesis proposes that greater exotic diversity increases invasibility via facilitative interactions between exotic species. To evaluate the degree to which biotic resistance or invasional meltdown influences marine community structure during the assembly period, we studied the development of marine epibenthic “fouling” communities at two southern California harbors. We found that fewer exotic species established as total and exotic richness increased during community assembly and that this effect remained after accounting for space availability. We also found that changes in exotic abundance decreased over time. Throughout the assembly period, gains in exotic abundance were greatest when space was abundant and richness was low. Altogether, we found greater support for biotic resistance than invasional meltdown, suggesting that both native and exotic species contribute to biotic resistance during early community development. However, this resistance may not reduce the total dominance of exotic species.
Bericht zur Diskussionsrunde „Fehlende Nachrichten- und Informationskompetenz – Kann Medienbildung die Demokratie retten?“
Authors: Merz Olga 
Published: November 2021

Berichtet wird im Beitrag über eine von der Landeszentrale für politische Bildung des Saarlandes veranstaltete Diskussionsrunde zum Thema „Fehlende Nachrichten- und Informationskompetenz – Kann Medienbildung die Demokratie retten?“. Als pädagogisches Handlungsfeld fokussiert die Medienpädagogik traditionell Kinder und Jugendliche, in dieser Veranstaltung wurde dagegen die Informationskompetenz der Erwachsenen in den Blick genommen. Diskussionsgrundlage bildete die Studie „Quelle: Internet?“ der Stiftung Neue Verantwortung. Darin wurde im Rahmen einer Onlinebefragung untersucht, wie sich Erwachsene im Internet informieren und dabei ein Mangel an „Nachrichten- und Informationskompetenz“ festgestellt. Auf Basis der Studie erörterten die Diskussionsteilnehmer*innen, welche Kompetenzen benötigt werden, um sich in den heutigen medialen und onlinebasierten Öffentlichkeiten zurechtzufinden. Daran anknüpfend wurde die Bedeutung von Medienbildung als Ermöglicherin partizipativer, demokratischer Prozesse diskutiert.

Aufzeichnung des Livestreams der Veranstaltung unter: youtube.com/watch?v=Vm3XLW0ba1c.
Time and motion assessment of pit-emptying operations in Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Rutayisire Bruce , Wolter Dennis , Kuria Nicholas , Sklar Rachel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To ensure sanitation for all by 2030, fecal sludge collection services in low-income urban areas with no sewer connections need improvement. One of the major issues is the gap between low-income households' willingness to pay and the cost of emptying services in low-income areas. One way of lowering the cost of these services is through process optimization. In this regard, we conducted a time and motion study to better understand the bottlenecks associated with the collection of fecal waste from different types of on-site sanitation facilities. Our results show that emptying pit latrines, which make up 53% of the market for emptying services in Kigali, takes twice as long as emptying septic tanks. 33% of households that requested the service were located in an informal settlement with no access to road and could only be served by a semi-mechanized method which required use of barrels, and a portable pump. In general, interventions related to minimizing trash disposal in pits and septic tanks can go a long way in making the emptying process more time- and cost-efficient. Additionally, developing effective and efficient pumping technologies that are suitable for use in inaccessible areas should be prioritized.
Research on water environmental capacity accounting of the Yongzhou Section of Xiangjiang River Basin based on the SWAT-EFDC coupling model
Authors: Wu Li , Chen Zhe , Ding Xuan , Liu Hui-ying , Wang Dun-qiu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a coupling model of SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and EFDC (Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code) was established, and the relationship between the pollution source and water quality response was identified. Based on the hydrodynamic water quality simulation results and the one-dimensional WEC (water environmental capacity) theoretical formula, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus WEC and the remaining WEC of the Yongzhou Section of Xiangjiang River Basin under the guaranteed rate of 90% and in 2017 were calculated, respectively. It can be seen from the results that the total nitrogen WEC of the Yongzhou Section of Xiangjiang River Basin in 2017 is 27,673.04 t, the total nitrogen WEC under the guaranteed rate of 90% is 19,497.61 t/a and the total phosphorus WEC of the Yongzhou Section of Xiangjiang River Basin in 2017 is 4,877.22 t. The total phosphorus WEC under the guaranteed rate of 90% is 2,936.64 t/a; in 2017, the remaining WECs of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the entire basin are 14,646.69 and 3,358.67 t, respectively.
Detection and abundance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Liechtenstein, and the estimation of prevalence and impact of the B.1.1.7 variant
Authors: Markt R. , Endler L. , Amman F. , Schedl A. , Penz T. , Büchel-Marxer M. , Grünbacher D. , Mayr M. , Peer E. , Pedrazzini M. , Rauch W. , Wagner A. O. , Allerberger F. , Bergthaler A. , Insam H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe new coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is known to be also shed through feces, which makes wastewater-based surveillance possible, independent of symptomatic cases and unbiased by any testing strategies and frequencies. We investigated the entire population of the Principality of Liechtenstein with samples from the wastewater treatment plant Bendern (serving all 39,000 inhabitants). Twenty-four-hour composite samples were taken once or twice a week over a period of 6 months from September 2020 to March 2021. Viral RNA was concentrated using the PEG centrifugation method followed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR. The aim of this research was to assess the suitability of SARS-CoV-2 fragments to relate the viral wastewater signal to the incidences and assess the impact of the emerging B.1.1.7. variant. The viral load in the wastewater peaked at almost 9 × 108 viral fragments per person equivalent (PE) and day on October 25, and showed a second peak on December 22 reaching a viral load of approximately 2 × 108 PE−1d−1. Individual testing showed a lag of 4 days and a distinct underestimation of cases at the first peak when testing frequency was low. The wastewater signal showed an immediate response to the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions. The new virus variant B.1.1.7. was first detected in wastewater on December 23, while it was first observed with individual testing on January 13, 2021. Further, our data indicate that the emergence of new virus variant may change the wastewater signal, probably due to different shedding patterns, which should be considered in future models.
Water Poverty Indices of three rural communities in the southern Caribbean
Authors: Stewart Akilah , Seepersad Catherine , Hosein Aliya , Tripathi Vrijesh , Mohammed Azad , Agard John , Cashman Adrian , Chadee Dave , Ramsubhag Adesh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Caribbean region experiences significant water supply challenges, especially for 30% of the population who live in rural areas. Improved water resource management in this region would enhance water availability for its population, but this requires reliable quantitative data to guide relevant policy decisions. The Water Poverty Index (WPI) and its components can be valuable sources of such data but there has not been any recent calculation of this index for countries or communities in the Caribbean. In this study, the WPI was determined for three rural communities in the southern Caribbean: Carriacou, Grenada; Nariva, Trinidad and Tobago; and Speightstown, Barbados. Using data collected from 606 surveys of households as well as published statistics, the overall WPI scores were calculated to be 65/100 for Carriacou, 65/100 for Nariva and 70/100 for Speightstown, which all fell in the ‘medium-low’ and ‘low’ water poverty scale respectively. Resource and Use components had the lowest scores and thus require urgent attention. There were no statistically significant differences across the major components, which demonstrates the common water-related challenges in these Small Island Developing States, despite geographical diversity. This research will aid in defining national water resource management policies in rural communities of the Caribbean.
Fuzzy optimization-based Water Distribution Network design using Self-Adaptive Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Vasan A. , Srinivasa Raju K. , Sriman Pankaj B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Water Distribution Network(s) (WDN) design is gaining prominence in the urban planning context. Several factors that play a significant role in design are uncertainty in data, non-linear relation of head loss & discharge, combinatorial nature of the problem, and high computational requirements. In addition, many conflicting objectives are possible and required for effective WDN design, such as cost, resilience, and leakage. Most of the research work published has used multiobjective evolutionary optimization in solving such complex WDN. However, the challenge of such population-based evolutionary approaches is that they provide multiple trade-off Pareto optimal solutions to the decision-maker who will have to choose another set of techniques to arrive at a single optimal solution. The present study employs a fuzzy optimization approach that would provide a single optimal WDN design for Hanoi and Pamapur, India. Maximization of network resilience (NR) and minimization of network cost (NC) are employed in a multiobjective context. Later, minimization of network leakages (NL) is also incorporated, leading to three objective problems. Hyperbolic membership function (HMF), exponential membership function (EMF), and non-linear membership function (NMF) are employed in Self-Adaptive Cuckoo Search Algorithm-based fuzzy optimization. HMF is found suitable to determine the best possible WDN design for chosen case studies based on the highest degree of satisfaction.
A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE 1988 NO ENSINO MÉDIO E A MATERIALIDADE DA CIDADANIA E DA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Freitas João Paulo Ocke 
Published: November 2021

Um grande desafio para os professores é o de apresentar para os alunos os conceitos de “cidadania” e de “democracia” com um alto grau de concretude, validade ou de eficácia. Considere-se que os termos “cidadania” e “democracia” devem perder o seu caráter abstrato para serem percebidos como recursos efetivos que precisam de manejo com vistas a garantir o desenvolvimento social e impedir o retrocesso a um contexto de ditadura política. O presente trabalho assume como pressuposto que o conhecimento específico dos direitos legalmente estabelecidos contribui para o aprimoramento do exercício da cidadania e para o funcionamento da democracia. A modernidade foi marcada por uma “revolução copernicana” com base na qual os cidadãos passaram a ter direitos em relação ao Estado, de tal forma que as várias manifestações de autoritarismo institucional puderam ser coibidas por instrumentos legais mobilizáveis pelos cidadãos. A Constituição de 1988 inovou ao incluir nos seus primeiros artigos um extenso rol de direitos individuais e coletivos, indicando, com isso, uma ruptura radical com o anterior período de exceção (1964-1985). Essa é uma conquista que não pode ser perdida e, para tanto, o presente trabalho propõe uma estratégia para dinamizar interdisciplinarmente o currículo escolar e que implica a conexão entre os direitos constitucionalmente estabelecidos e o cotidiano dos alunos e de suas respectivas famílias. O estudo dos direitos humanos, individuais e coletivos, tal como se apresentam no campo jurídico, serve como um eixo em torno do qual os conteúdos específicos da Sociologia, da História e da Filosofia podem ser articulados com vista a ampliar as garantias para o pleno funcionamento da democracia. Disso decorre, no âmbito da disciplina de Sociologia no Ensino Médio, a pertinência de uma reflexão sistemática que transcenda o mero legalismo a respeito da Constituição da República – Título I (Dos Princípios Fundamentais) e Capítulo I (Dos Direitos e Deveres Individuais e Coletivos) do Título II (Dos Direitos e Garantias Fundamentais), artigos 1º a 5º.
DU MARTIN-PECHEUR A LA MANTE RELIGIEUSE
Authors: Libis Jean 
Published: November 2021

Force est de constater que Gaston Bachelard et Roger Caillois ne sont guère convoqués par ce que l’on a appelé parfois la French Philosophy. Ce sont pourtant deux penseurs profondément originaux et qui se tiennent à la lisière de la cartographie philosophique. Curieusement, ils sont d’abord présents l’un et l’autre dans la création de la revue Inquisitions qui paraît en 1936 et dont un seul numéro connaîtra le chemin de la publication. Plus tard leurs chemins vont nettement différer et les références de Bachelard à Caillois se limiteront surtout aux traités sur le mythe et sur le sacré. L’un et l’autre vont cependant côtoyer des préoccupations souvent communes: le destin de la poésie, les ambitions de la science, la splendeur des règnes minéraux et végétaux. Il faut y ajouter une relation subtile à la question métaphysique du sens et à sa réduction éventuelle. En tout cela d’ailleurs, les différences d’approches l’emportent sans doute sur les analogies. Peu nous importe: nous avons là affaire à deux cheminements solitaires, d’une puissance hors du commun.
Mots-clés: Inquisitions. Mélancolie. Dualisme.
“Tour” Teórico com Panosso Netto: quando tudo parece frustração e expectativa gerada é momento de olhar o passado, enfrentar o presente e construir
Authors: Silva Sylvana Kelly Marques da , Gouveia Zwyla Alice Cabral 
Published: November 2021

Tendo como fio condutor as críticas lançadas pelo autor Panosso Netto, acerca da análise dos fatores intervenientes na construção do conhecimento em turismo, este artigo problematiza o norte dado a grande parte dos estudos na área. O filósofo propõe análises, alicerçadas em estudos teóricos e epistemológicos, vinculadas às disciplinas fundantes do conhecimento humano - filosofia e história - essenciais para a reflexão em torno dos fenômenos emergente na sociedade moderna. Panosso Netto argumenta que se os estudos não saírem da superfície teórica em que a maioria se encontra e derem mergulhos mais profundos em seu complexo espacial, temporal e social; epistemológico, filosófico e historiográfico, não alcançarão o grau de respeitabilidade almejado entre as áreas do conhecimento. Pressupõe-se que não há uma única experiência fundante ou essencial nas relações que envolvem o turismo e que o isolem como conhecimento, em detrimento de entendê-lo como a parte de um todo vinculado a experiências construídas por intermédio de distintas narrativas e performances sociais. Por intermédio da análise da obra do autor, procuramos verificar como as contribuições propostas: que reclama um maior entendimento na área, por meio de um mergulho na filosofia; capaz de dar a ver as bases que estruturaram nossa sociedade e; propõe um retorno aos clássicos das ciências sociais; para que entendamos as práticas e relações que acompanharam as mudanças da sociedade moderna, apreendem os estudos do turismo, imbricando historicamente, espacialmente, culturalmente, economicamente e politicamente o estilo de vida capitalista ocidental, que desembocou no atual modo de vivência humana.
Ginga com tapioca: gastronomia do mercado da Redinha como atrativo turístico
Authors: Lima Charllys de Oliveira , Moreira Sueli Aparecida , Cabral Alicia , Silva Ana Caroline , Mesquita Maria Luiza 
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o Mercado da Redinha enquanto potencial turístico gastronômico, através da comercialização da ginga com tapioca, um prato típico da cidade de Natal. Apesar de também ser comercializado por vendedores ambulantes nas principais praias do litoral natalense, o Mercado Público da Redinha é o ponto original onde se comercializa esse prato. Muitos turistas que visitam a capital potiguar desejam conhecer a gastronomia típica, mas o mercado atrai especialmente turistas locais e moradores como opção de entretenimento. Realizou-se um estudo de natureza quantitativa descritiva, cujos dados foram obtidos através de formulário composto por 15 questões respondidas por 31 usuários do Mercado. Para análise, as questões foram organizadas em categorias que abrangeram o perfil dos usuários e suas opiniões em relação à infraestrutura do mercado, à frequência de visitação, meio de divulgação que os levou a conhecer o Mercado, percepção sobre qualidade de acesso e demandas de melhorias. Em relação à gastronomia, indagou-se sobre o cardápio servido, o gosto e apresentação do prato, o valor cobrado e a opinião sobre a qualidade do atendimento. Os resultados evidenciaram pontos negativos como a falta de saneamento adequado e regular que também comprometia a higiene; bem como a falta de infraestrutura como principal reclamação entre os entrevistados. Em relação aos pontos positivos foram incluídos: preço justo, bom atendimento e gosto agradável do prato. A maioria dos entrevistados indicaria o mercado a outros e, apesar dos diversos problemas apontados, os usuários, especialmente, do sexo masculino, são atraídos em busca da ginga com tapioca para beber com amigos na semana. A revisão da dinâmica interna do Mercado pode fomentar como estratégia para incluí-lo no roteiro do turismo gastronômico regional.