bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreasing delivery room intubations: A quality improvement project
Authors: Jardine Luke , Bates Karina , Bates Amanda , Muirhead Renee , Bischoff Elise , Sly Angela , Cross Tenille , Barrett Jade , Newman Tracey , Birch Pita , Woodgate Paul , Mausling Richard , Roberts Tamsin , Dixon Kelly , Hutchinson Fiona , Beker Friederike , Gately Callum , Domingo‐Bates Joy 
Published: August 2021

AimThe delivery room intubation rate for babies born less than 32 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) at the Mater Mothers' Hospital in 2017 was 51%. Delivery room intubation of preterm infants may be associated with an increased risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia. This quality improvement project aimed to decrease the rate of delivery room intubation for infants born less than 32 weeks PMA.MethodsA quality improvement process using the evidence‐based practice for improving quality framework and Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act cycles was undertaken from October 2018 to December 2019. Commencing bubble continuous positive airway pressure for initial resuscitation in the delivery room was the principal change idea.ResultsThe delivery room intubation rate for infants born less than 32 weeks PMA before the commencement of this project was 48% (cohort 1, n = 221). There was a significant decrease in the rate to 37.2% while the project was being conducted (cohort 2, n = 277) and a further significant reduction to 28.2% after introducing bubble continuous positive airway pressure in the delivery room (cohort 3, n = 202). There was a significant improvement in admission temperatures and a significant decrease in mortality rate between cohort 1 and cohort 2 but not between cohort 2 and cohort 3. There was no change in the rate of discharge home on oxygen between cohorts.ConclusionsThis quality improvement project led to a significantly decreased delivery room intubation rate in infants born less than 32 weeks PMA. There was no evidence of any adverse outcomes with this approach.
The whip and the Bible: Punishment versus internalization
Authors: Dutta Rohan , Levine David K. , Modica Salvatore 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA variety of experimental and empirical research indicate that prosocial behavior is important for economic success. There are two sources of prosocial behavior: incentives and preferences. The latter, the willingness of individuals to “do their bit” for the group, we refer to as internalization, because we view it as something that a group can influence by appropriate investment. This implies that there is a trade‐off between using incentives and internalization to encourage prosocial behavior. By examining this trade‐off we shed light on the connection between social norms observed inside the laboratory and those observed outside in the field. For example, we show that a higher value of cooperation outside the laboratory may lower the use of incentives inside the laboratory even as it increases their usage outside. As an application we show that the model calibrated to experimental data makes reasonable out‐of‐sample quantitative forecasts.
Dental care use and other population characteristics of older Americans with self‐reported chronic conditions in the health and retirement study
Authors: Moeller John , Manski Richard , Chen Haiyan , Meyerhoefer Chad , Pepper John , Terrin Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze relative differences in oral health care utilization, oral health, and other population characteristics of older Americans with respect to self‐reported chronic conditions in the health and retirement study.MethodsDifferences in estimated percentages of those with specific chronic conditions by selected attributes were tested for statistical significance with standardized normal Z tests and logistic regressions. All estimates were based on weighted data from 1992 to 2016 Early Release RAND HRS Longitudinal file. SE estimates for the percentages accounted for the complex sample design of the survey.ResultsWe establish that the strength of the associations between regular use of dental care and the absence of a chronic condition is similar in magnitude to having a college education, living in a high‐income family, never smoking, not having certain functional limitations, and being under 65 years of age.DiscussionThese cross‐sectional findings establish the relative strength of relationships between dental care use, oral health status, and other population characteristics and eight diagnosed conditions. Further work beyond the scope of this paper is needed to confirm these results as either attributes of those with the disease or causal risk factors for the onset of the condition.
Chemical and nutritional characteristics of Cannabis sativa L. co‐products
Authors: Vastolo Alessandro , Calabrò Serena , Pacifico Severina , Koura Bossima Ivan , Cutrignelli Monica Isabella 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCannabis sativa L. is an annual herbaceous plant. It was used for centuries to obtain different products. In the last century, hemp cultivation was forbidden due to the psychoactive effects of tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA). In the last years, new strains, characterized by high cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and low THCA level, were developed renewing the interest in hemp cultivation to obtain food or to extract essential oils from flowers. All these processes produce many residues with different chemical–physical characteristics. In order to evaluate their potential use also in animal nutrition, some hemp co‐products were evaluated. Two different co‐products of seed processes (flour and oil) and two co‐products obtained trimming the flowers, differing in granulometry were used. The samples were analysed for chemical composition and evaluated in vitro using the gas production technique with buffaloes' ruminal inoculum. All hemp co‐products showed interesting nutritional characteristics, such as crude protein content always higher than 20% on a dry matter basis, and high neutral detergent fibre concentration partially lignified. The in vitro gas production parameters at 120 h of incubation showed quite low fermentability testified by the low organic matter degradability and cumulative gas volume (OMD from 28.09 to 45.64% and OMCV from 110 to 164 ml/g, respectively). Also, the methane produced after 24 h of incubation was particularly low (from 1.78 to 11.73 ml/g dOM). These results could be due to the high lipid and ash amounts or to the CBDA content that probably affected the CH4 formation processes. According to preliminary results obtained by this study, it is possible to hypothesize that these co‐products could be useful to mitigate the methane production into the rumen. Further studies are necessary in order to evaluate the correct inclusion into the diet for ruminants.
Effects of dietary citrus extract on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of pigs
Authors: Cui Yi‐Yan , Tian Zhi‐Mei , Deng Dun , Liu Zhi‐Chang , Wang Gang , Chen Wei‐Dong , Ma Xian‐Yong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of citrus extract on growth, carcass and meat quality of Duroc × Landrace × Large White pigs. One hundred and eight pigs (54 barrows, 54 females) were assigned to one of three dietary treatments for 138 days. The dietary treatments were (1) basic diet; (2) basic diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg chlortetracycline; and (3) basic diet supplemented with citrus extract (0.25 ml/kg during 56–112 days of age and 0.20 ml/kg during 113–194 days of age). No significant differences among treatments were found for growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and free amino acids (p > 0.05). Feeding citrus extract tended to increase intramuscular fat (p = 0.052). Citrus extract and chlortetracycline increased C15:0 concentration (p = 0.016) and superoxide dismutase activity (p = 0.004). The pigs that received chlortetracycline exhibited the lowest (p = 0.033) muscle malondialdehyde concentration. Overall, citrus extract ameliorated some meat quality indicators without adverse effects on pig growth or carcass performance.
Cross‐sectional comparisons of subgingival microbiome and gingival fluid inflammatory cytokines in periodontally healthy vegetarians versus non‐vegetarians
Authors: Khocht Ahmed , Orlich Michael , Paster Bruce , Bellinger Denise , Lenoir Leticia , Irani Crissy , Fraser Gary 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundVegetarian diets are known to reduce inflammation. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that reduced inflammation associated with a vegetarian diet would promote a more commensal subgingival bacterial profile.MethodsA total of 39 periodontally healthy subjects (PD ≤3 mm, bleeding on probing <10%) were enrolled. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. A comprehensive periodontal examination was performed. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque samples were collected. GCF samples were assessed for interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, interleukin‐8, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, and interleukin‐10. Plaque samples were analyzed for bacteria using 16S rDNA sequencing on an Illumina platform. GenBank database was used for taxonomy classification.ResultsTwenty‐three subjects were categorized as vegetarian and 16 non‐vegetarians. Clinical periodontal measures and GCF cytokine levels were statistically comparable between the two groups. Measures of microbial richness and alpha diversity were also comparable between the two dietary groups. Vegetarians harbored higher levels of phyla associated with gingival health (Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria). Two species known to be associated with periodontitis (Mogibacterium timidumandVeillonella rogosae) were prominent in non‐vegetarians. Pearson's correlations between GCF inflammatory cytokines and microbial taxa differed between vegetarians and non‐vegetarians. In vegetarians, the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 positively correlated with two species known to be associated with periodontal health (Peptidiphagasp. HMT183 andRothia aeria).ConclusionsDiet is directly and indirectly associated with the microbial composition of subgingival plaque. A vegetarian diet may promote a subgingival microbiota associated with periodontal health.
Long‐term benefits of interferon‐α therapy in children with HBeAg‐positive immune‐active chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Wang Limin , Zhao Jinfang , Liu Jiaye , Zhen Cheng , Zhang Min , Dong Yi , Gan Yu , Xu Zhiqiang , Li Yuanyuan , Zhu Shishu , Wang Fu‐Sheng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe long‐term benefits of interferon‐α (IFN‐α) treatment in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain unclear. We conducted a retrospective and real‐world study to evaluate the safety and long‐term clearance rates of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in CHB children who received IFN‐α monotherapy for 72 weeks and were with 13‐year follow‐up visit. Participants treated with IFN‐α (n = 316) were more likely to become HBeAg negatve (39.87% vs. 27.37%; p < .05) and HBsAg negative (11.08% vs. 3.16%; p < .05) by the end of the treatment period than untreated participants (n = 95). Treated participants also had higher cumulative rates of HBeAg loss (74.13% vs. 59.27%; p < .05) and HBsAg loss (46.95 vs. 33.11%; p < 0.05) than untreated participants in parallel by the end of 13‐year follow‐up. In particular, the cumulative rate of HBsAg loss was higher in treated children aged 1–7 years than in those aged 8–17 years (71.40% vs. 39.0%; p < .01). Children who were HBeAg‐negative at the end of IFN‐α treatment or who had serum alanine aminotransferase levels of ≥80 IU/L at baseline were likely to have higher cumulative HBsAg loss rates. Accordingly, HBeAg loss at 72 weeks was positively associated with the cumulative HBsAg loss rate in untreated children. There were no serious adverse events of IFN‐α therapy for the treated patients throughout the study period. Overall, IFN‐α therapy was effective in obtaining higher long‐term cumulative rates of HBeAg and HBsAg loss in children with HBeAg‐positive immune‐active CHB, especially among those aged 1–7 years.
Cooperative Accomplishment of Multilingual Language Tutorial: An Intercultural Pragmatics Study
Authors: KIMURA DAISUKE 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUsing conversation analytic methods and concepts, this article examines a language tutorial among Thai and Japanese college students, focusing on the use of multilingual repertoires for organizing this activity. The study responds to a call for dialogic studies of multilingual interactions. A 79‐minute video‐recorded session was analyzed for the coordinated use of multilingual and multimodal resources as well as the role of sequential routines in the cooperative pursuit of relevant interactional projects. Findings demonstrate the contingent and variable nature of cooperative behaviors that are shaped not simply by a priori goals, but emergent interactional projects. They also exemplify reciprocal language learning wherein the participants alternate between expert and novice roles with respect to Thai and Japanese. The article concludes with the implications of the study for language learning and teaching in the context of globalization.
Localized Globalization: Directives in Augmented Reality Game Interaction
Authors: SYDORENKO TETYANA , THORNE STEVEN L. , HELLERMANN JOHN , SANCHEZ AMBER , HOWE VANESSA 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn what has been termed the global era, individuals from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds frequently participate in joint activities that require intercultural communication. Concomitantly, research on communication in contexts involving mobile technologies is nascent, and investigations addressing pragmatics in particular are few. In this article, we examine place‐based mobile augmented reality (AR) apps, which have been shown to provide learners with valuable opportunities for location‐situated social and collaborative interaction and embodied experience of place. We focus on cataloguing social actions, specifically directives, in 4 groups of mobile AR game players using English as a lingua franca (ELF) to communicate. We uncovered a variety of directive strategies, both verbal and nonverbal, that are rarely discussed in pragmatics teaching and learning yet were critical to the unfolding communicative action. Implications of the study findings for pragmatics instruction are provided within the broader recommendations for ELF pragmatics.
Elevated and sustained anti‐feeding effect of Scalibor® deltamethrin collar against the sand fly Phlebotomus perniciosus in dogs confirmed for 1 year following treatment
Authors: Evans A. , Bongiorno G. , Fourie J. J. , Lekouch N. , Bianchi R. , Khoury C. , Thomas E. , Chiummo R. , Gradoni L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDogs are reservoir hosts for Leishmania infantum, a protozoan parasite transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. The anti‐feeding and fast‐killing efficacy of Scalibor® deltamethrin collars against experimental Phlebotomus perniciosus challenges on dogs was determined over 1 year. Two groups of 8 dogs each were fitted with placebo (control) or deltamethrin collars (treated) on Day 0 and exposed to sand flies approximately every 28 days up to Day 364. After each exposure, anti‐feeding and fast‐killing efficacy rates were determined by comparing blood‐fed or live insects, respectively, in the treated vs. the control group. Blood‐fed and live sand flies were significantly less in treated dogs as compared to control dogs at each assessment. The anti‐feeding efficacy rate exceeded 90% except on Day 337 (89%) but increased again (96%) on Day 364. Fast killing efficacy was <74% over the study when considering all flies. However, this value increased cumulatively to 98% when only blood‐fed flies were compared between groups. Scalibor® collars are highly effective at preventing P. perniciosus blood‐feeding and in fast‐killing flies taking a blood meal for up to 1 year after application. These strong and long‐lasting effects are an important strategic component for L. infantum transmission control.
A Meloidogyne incognita C‐type lectin effector targets plant catalases to promote parasitism
Authors: Zhao Jianlong , Sun Qinghua , Quentin Michaël , Ling Jian , Abad Pierre , Zhang Xiaoping , Li Yan , Yang Yuhong , Favery Bruno , Mao Zhenchuan , Xie Bingyan 
Published: August 2021

Summary

Root‐knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., secrete effectors to modulate plant immune responses and establish a parasitic relationship with host plants. However, the functions and plant targets of C‐type lectin (CTL)‐like effectors of Meloidogyne incognita remain unknown. Here, we characterized a CTL‐like effector of M. incognita, MiCTL1a, and identified its target and role in nematode parasitism.

In situ hybridization demonstrated the expression of MiCTL1 in the subventral glands; and in planta, immunolocalization showed its secretion during M. incognita parasitism. Virus‐induced gene silencing of the MiCTL1 reduced the infection ability of M. incognita in Nicotiana benthamiana. The ectopic expression in Arabidopsis not only increased susceptibility to M. incognita but also promoted root growth.

Yeast two‐hybrid and co‐immunoprecipitation assays revealed that MiCTL1a interacts with Arabidopsis catalases, which play essential roles in hydrogen peroxide homeostasis. Knockout or overexpression of catalases showed either increased or reduced susceptibility to M. incognita, respectively. Moreover, MiCTL1a not only reduced catalase activity in vitro and in planta but also modulated stress‐related gene expressions in Arabidopsis.

Our data suggest that MiCTL1a interacts with plant catalases and interferes with catalase activity, allowing M. incognita to establish a parasitic relationship with its host by fine‐tuning responses mediated by reactive oxygen species.
The leaf polarity factors SGS3 and YABBYs regulate style elongation through auxin signaling in Mimulus lewisii
Authors: Ding Baoqing , Li Jingjian , Gurung Vandana , Lin Qiaoshan , Sun Xuemei , Yuan Yao‐Wu 
Published: August 2021

Summary

Style length is a major determinant of breeding strategies in flowering plants and can vary dramatically between and within species. However, little is known about the genetic and developmental control of style elongation.

We characterized the role of two classes of leaf adaxial–abaxial polarity factors, SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING3 (SGS3) and the YABBY family transcription factors, in the regulation of style elongation in Mimulus lewisii. We also examined the spatiotemporal patterns of auxin response during style development.

Loss of SGS3 function led to reduced style length via limiting cell division, and downregulation of YABBY genes by RNA interference resulted in shorter styles by decreasing both cell division and cell elongation. We discovered an auxin response minimum between the stigma and ovary during the early stages of pistil development that marks style differentiation. Subsequent redistribution of auxin response to this region was correlated with style elongation. Auxin response was substantially altered when both SGS3 and YABBY functions were disrupted.

We suggest that auxin signaling plays a central role in style elongation and that the way in which auxin signaling controls the different cell division and elongation patterns underpinning natural style length variation is a major question for future research.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma exacerbation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mallah Narmeen , Turner Julia May , González‐Barcala Francisco‐Javier , Takkouche Bahi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundGastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is highly prevalent and often coexists with asthma exacerbation. Divergent findings about the association between the two diseases were reported. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine whether there exists an association between GORD and asthma.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and other databases and then performed a manual search, to identify eligible studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed‐ and random‐effect models. We evaluated the quality of included studies, explored heterogeneity between studies, undertook subgroup analyses, assessed publication bias, and performed sensitivity analyses.ResultsWe identified 32 eligible studies, conducted in 14 countries and including a total of 1,612,361 patients of all ages. Overall, GORD shows a weak association with asthma exacerbation (OR = 1.27; 95% CI 1.18–1.35). This association was observed in cohort, case‐control, and cross‐sectional designs and in European as well as non‐European populations. Subgroup analyses show that GORD is associated with frequent asthma exacerbations (≥3 exacerbations, OR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.13–2.24) and with exacerbations needing oral corticosteroid therapy (OR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.09–1.41). GORD pediatric patients are at higher odds of asthma exacerbation than adults. We did not detect any evidence of publication bias and the association between GORD and asthma exacerbation held in all undertaken sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsGastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma exacerbation are weakly associated.
Genomic signatures of vegetable and oilseed allopolyploid Brassica juncea and genetic loci controlling the accumulation of glucosinolates
Authors: Yang Jinghua , Wang Jing , Li Zhangping , Li Xuming , He Zhesi , Zhang Lili , Sha Tongyun , Lyu Xiaolong , Chen Sheng , Gu Yuanguo , Li Zaiyun , Hu Zhongyuan , He Hongju , Bancroft Ian , Zhang Mingfang 
Published: August 2021

SummaryAllopolyploid Brassica juncea crops in Brassicaceae are becoming increasingly revitalized as vegetables and oilseeds owing to wide adaptability and significant economic values. However, the genomic differentiation of diversified vegetables and oilseed B. juncea and the genetic basis underlying glucosinolates accumulation have yet to be elucidated. To address this knowledge gap, we report the sequencing of pairwise genomes of vegetable and oilseed B. juncea at chromosome scale. Comparative genomics analysis unveils panoramic structural variation footprints, particularly the genetic loci of HSP20 and TGA1 associated with abiotic and biotic stresses responses between oilseed and vegetable subgroups. We anchored two major loci of MYB28 (HAG1) orthologues caused by copy number variations on A02 and A09 chromosomes using scored genomic SNPs‐based GWAS that are responsible for seed oil quality‐determining glucosinolates biosynthesis. These findings will provide valuable repertories of polyploidy genomic information enabling polyploidy genome evolution studies and precise genomic selections for crucial traits like functional components of glucosinolates in B. juncea crops and beyond.