bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low level of awareness among general practitioners – the reason for the late stages of superficial spreading melanoma of the skin
Authors: Романова О.А. , Артемьева Н.Г. , Безлепко М.Г. 
Published: May 2021

В статье описана клиническая картина поверхностно-распространяющейся меланомы – самой распространенной формы пигментной опухоли. Несмотря на то, что на ранней стадии эта форма опухоли имеет выраженные клинические признаки, поликлинические врачи не могут ее диагностировать своевременно – в фазе горизонтального роста. Врачи общего профиля ошибочно полагают, что меланома возникает в результате травмы доброкачественного невуса, в то время как Кларк в 1969 г. установил, что большинство меланом возникает на неизмененной коже и проходит длительную фазу поверхностного роста. Сделан вывод о том, что повышение уровня знаний поликлинических врачей о ранних симптомах поверхностно-распространяющейся меланомы будет способствовать своевременной диагностике опухоли и снижению смертности от этого заболевания. Существенную помощь в ранней диагностике меланом могут оказать памятки с цветными фотографиями поверхностно-распространяющейся меланомы в фазе горизонтального роста, которыми необходимо снабдить каждого поликлинического врача. Приведены клинические случаи и фотографии поверхностно-распространяющейся меланомы в ранней стадии развития – в фазе горизонтального роста.
The article describes the clinical picture of surface-spreading melanoma – the most common form of pigmented tumor. Despite the fact that at an early stage this form of tumor has pronounced clinical signs, polyclinic doctors can not diagnose it in a timely manner - in the phase of horizontal growth. General practitioners mistakenly believe that melanoma occurs as a result of trauma to a benign nevus, while Clark in 1969 established that most melanomas occur on unaltered skin and go through a long phase of superficial growth. It is concluded that increasing the level of knowledge of polyclinic doctors about the early symptoms of surface-spreading melanoma will contribute to the timely diagnosis of the tumor and reduce mortality from this disease. A significant help in the early diagnosis of melanomas can be provided by memos with color photos of surface-spreading melanoma in the horizontal growth phase, which should be provided to each polyclinic doctor. The article presents clinical cases and photos of surface-spreading melanoma in the early stage of development – in the phase of horizontal growth.
Basic concepts of psychotherapeutic correction in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Ашуров З.Ш. , Шин З.В. , Ким Д.П. 
Published: May 2021

В рамках проведенной работы обследованы 84 больных, проходивших стационарное лечение в Городской клинической психиатрической больнице г. Ташкента на протяжении 2017-2020 гг. Средний возраст обследуемых составил 35 лет, минимальный возраст – 21 год, максимальный – 57 лет. Средняя длительность заболевания – 6-7 лет, минимальная – 1,5 года, максимальная – 26 лет. Были обследованы больные с непрерывным (F 20.х0), приступообразно-прогредиентным течением (F 20.x1) и приступообразным со стабильным дефектом (F 20.х2), с ведущими параноидным, астеническим и астенодепрессивным синдромами, апатоабулическим и смешанным типом формирующегося дефекта. Разработана и проведена специальная программа психотерапевтической коррекции больных шизофренией. Специфика данной программы – минимум отрицательных эмоций, вызываемых у пациентов; акцент на позитивных сторонах личности; взаимодействие строится в атмосфере взаимного принятия, способствующей самовыражению (физическому и духовному); открытость, четкое модулирование своих эмоций и рефлексии; активная позиция ведущих.
As part of the work carried out, 84 patients undergoing inpatient treatment at the City Clinical Psychiatric Hospital of Tashkent during 2017-2020 were examined. The average age of the subjects was 35 years old, the minimum age was 21 years old, and the maximum age was 57 years old. The average duration of the disease is 6-7 years, the minimum is 1.5 years, and the maximum is 26 years. Patients with a continuous (F 20.x0), paroxysmal progressive course (F 20.x1) and paroxysmal with a stable defect (F 20.x2), with leading paranoid, asthenic and astheno-depressive syndromes, apatoabulic and mixed type of developing defect were studied. A special program of psychotherapeutic correction of patients with schizophrenia has been developed and carried out. Specificity of this program: minimum of negative emotions evoked in patients; emphasis on the positive sides of the personality; interaction is built in an atmosphere of mutual acceptance, conducive to self-expression (physical and spiritual); openness, clear modulation of your emotions and reflection; active position of the leaders.
Chronic tick-borne encephalitis
Authors: Демьяновская Е.Г. , Погодина В.В. , Бочкова Н.Г. , Наумов Е.И. , Снитур Т.А. , Левина Л.С. , Щербинина М.С. , Васильев А.С. 
Published: May 2021

Статья посвящена эпилепсии Кожевникова, одному из наиболее распространенных и по сути патогномоничных проявлений хронического течения клещевого энцефалита. Описаны стадийность в ее развитии, типы течения сформировавшейся кожевниковской эпилепсии, подходы к терапии. В статье представлен уникальный по продолжительности наблюдения случай хронического клещевого энцефалита (ХКЭ) (47 лет от начала заболевания и свыше 30 лет после вакцинотерапии). Показано, что замедленное развитие тяжелой неврологической симптоматики, прогрессирование болезни происходят на фоне дисиммуноглобулинемии. Штамм, выделенный от пациентки, обладал высокой нейровирулентностью для белых мышей, был высоконейроинвазивным, показал принадлежность к сибирскому подтипу вируса клещевого энцефалита. По мере прогрессирования ХКЭ развивался полиштаммовый иммунный ответ и напряженный иммунитет с высокой авидностью антител (через 30-32 года после вакцинотерапии). В неврологическом статусе – характерные постэнцефалитические изменения с элементами кортикальной моторной эпилепсии. Существенного когнитивного дефекта не было выявлено.
The article is devoted to Kozhevnikov's epilepsy, one of the most common and, in fact, pathognomonic manifestations of the chronic course of tick-borne encephalitis. The stages in its development, the types of the course of the formed Kozhevnikovskaya epilepsy, and approaches to therapy are described. This material presents a unique case of chronic tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) (47 years from the beginning of the disease and more than 30 years after vaccination). It is shown that the delayed development of severe neurological symptoms and disease progression occur against the background of dysimmunoglobulinemia. The strain isolated from the patient had high neurovirulence for white mice, was highly neuroinvasive, and belong to the Siberian subtype of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). As TBE progressed, a polystrain immune response and a stressed immune response with high antibody avidity developed (30-32 years after vaccination). In the neurological status – pecular postencephalitic changes with elements of cortical motor epilepsy. No significant cognitive defect was detected.
Morphological features of secondary lung tuberculosis in HIV-patients
Authors: Kuzyk Petro V. , Horoshchak Andriy Yu. , Nikolaienko Sofiia I. , Shrestha Shekharman , Fortuna Ludwika , Gychka Sergiy G. 
Published: May 2021

In modern conditions, socially dangerous diseases (tuberculosis, HIV infection) are characterized not only by a high level of epidemiological indicators, but also by profound changes in the pathogens themselves (multiple drug resistance, etc.), changes in the course of diseases, its’ complications, causes of death, clinical and morphological manifestations, the appearance of co-infections, which is regarded as a negative phase of pathomorphosis or as reversion. At the same time, the pathomorphosis of diseases significantly complicates their diagnosis. There are objective reasons that do not allow to verify certain nosological units. Under conditions of nosomorphosis due to changes in the biological properties of the pathogen and reactive properties of the organism, in clinical practice and in the study of sectional, surgical and biopsy materials often have difficulties in diagnosis of various forms of tuberculosis and HIV, patho-, morpho- and thanatogenesis. Untimely diagnosis often leads to disability and mortality of patients. Therefore, in clinical practice, undiagnosed forms of socially dangerous diseases are more common.
In 2018 251,000 people who had both TB and HIV are estimated to have died1. This is in addition to the 1.2 million people who died from TB alone. A total of 477,461 TB cases among HIV positive people were reported in 2018 (56% of the estimated incidence of 862,000 cases)2. Of these 86% were on antiretroviral therapy. In comparison, in Ukraine in 2019 5943 HIV deaths were reported, 1448 among them had TB and HIV coinfection (24.36%) and 811 of them were on antiretroviral therapy (56%).
Due to all these statistics we can make a conclusion that TB in HIV patients is one the main causes of death in HIV-patients. Furthermore, due to the statistics even antiretroviral therapy does not have great affection on the TB and HIV coinfection course. TB/HIV coinfection is a global substantial problem and it means that all international guidelines have to be better implemented.
Characterization and Clinical Significance of EIF1AX Mutations and Co-Mutations
Authors: Gargano Stacey M. , Badjatia Nitika , Nikolaus Yanina , Peiper Stephen C. , Wang Zi-Xuan 
Published: May 2021

<p><strong>Objective</strong>. Mutations in the EIF1AX gene have been recently detected in a small percentage of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. We sought to investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of EIF1AX mutations and co-mutations in cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules at our institution.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods</strong>. A 5-year retrospective analysis was performed on thyroid nodules with a cytologic diagnosis of Bethesda category III or IV, which had undergone testing by our in-house next generation sequencing panel. Surgically resected nodules with EIF1AX mutations were identified, and mutation type and presence of co-mutations were correlated with histopathologic diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>. 41/904 (4.5%) cases overall and 26/229 (11.4%) surgically resected nodules harbored an EIF1AX mutation. The most common histologic diagnoses were follicular thyroid carcinoma and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. 11/26 (42.3%) of nodules had isolated EIF1AX mutation. Co- mutations were found in RAS (12/26; 46.2%), TERT (5/26; 19.2%) and TP53 (2/26; 7.7%). EIF1AX mutation alone conferred a 36.4% risk of malignancy (ROM) and 54.5% ROM or noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), while the ROM was significantly higher in nodules with concurrent RAS (71.4%), TERT, TP53 and RAS+TERT (100%) mutations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>. EIF1AX mutations occur in benign and malignant follicular thyroid neoplasms. In our cohort, the majority of mutations occurred at the splice acceptor site between exons 5 and 6. Importantly, the coexistence of EIF1AX mutations with other driver pathogenic mutations in RAS, TERT and TP53 conferred a 100% ROM or NIFTP, indicating that such nodules require surgical removal.</p>
Využitie Web 2.0 aplikácie podcast vo výučbe cudzích jazykov
Authors: Stradiotová Eva 
Published: May 2021

V príspevku sme sa zamerali na sprostredkovanie výsledkov výskum podcastov a ich vplyvu na rozvoj jazykovej zručnosti počúvanie s porozumením. Cieľom výskumu bolo dokázať, že podcast má vplyv na zlepšenie jazykovej zručnosti počúvanie s porozumením a na motiváciu študentov venovať sa vo zvýšenej miere počúvaniu nahrávok v cudzom jazyku. Vo výskume sme použili metódy kvantitatívneho výskumu, ako sú experiment, vstupný test, výstupný test a dotazníkovú metódu. Výskum prebiehal na Ekonomickej univerzite v Bratislave a experimentu sa zúčastnilo 60 respondentov. Prostredníctvom vstupného a výstupného testu sme zistili do akej miery bola jazyková zručnosť počúvanie s porozumením ovplyvnená u respondentov experimentálnej skupiny. Na analýzu získaných dát sme použili štatistický program SPSS. Výsledky potvrdili, že používanie podcastu vo výučbe cudzieho jazyka má vplyv na rozvoj jazykovej zručnosti počúvanie s porozumením. Dotazníkovou metódou sme zisťovali do akej miery malo používanie podcastu vplyv na motiváciu respondentov počúvať vo zvýšenej miere nahrávky v cudzom jazyku. Analýza odpovedí potvrdila, že respondenti vnímali podcast ako novú, netradičnú formu doplnku tradičnej výučby, ktorá mala vplyv na ich motiváciu venovať sa vo zvýšenej miere počúvaniu cudzieho jazyka. Výskum potvrdil, že podcast, ako jeden z nástrojov Web 2.0, má pozitívny vplyv na rozvoj jazykovej zručnosti počúvanie s porozumením.
M-learning ve výuce ekonomického jazyka: Jak využít smartphone k rovnoměrnému rozvoji všech řečových dovedností
Authors: Kalousková Lenka 
Published: May 2021

Článek se zabývá současnými aspekty výuky cizího ekonomického jazyka v oblasti terciárního vzdělávání se zřetelem na nové digitální technologie, které přinášejí zcela novou dimenzi do koncepce jazykové výuky na vysokých školách. Díky rozsáhlému používání mobilních zařízení jako jsou smartphony a tablety se stal m-learning účinným nástrojem při prezenční fázi výuky i v rámci řízeného samostudia. Cílem této práce je ukázat, jak lze pomoci m-learningu rovnoměrně rozvíjet a podporovat individuální řečové dovednosti. Na závěr je jako ilustrativní příklad připojen konkrétní scénář použití m-learningu v rámci tzv. hybridního konceptu výuky.
Key circular RNAs identified in male osteoporosis patients by whole transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Zhang Haijin , Song Xue , Teng Zongyan , Cheng Sujun , Yu Weigang , Yao Xiaoyi , Song Zhiqiang , Zhang Yina 
Published: May 2021

Background
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic disease with bone loss and microstructural deterioration. Numerous noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been proved to participate in various diseases, especially circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, the expression profile and mechanisms underlying circRNAs in male osteoporosis have not yet been explored.

Methods
The whole transcriptome expression profile and differences in mRNAs, circRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) were investigated in peripheral blood samples of patients with osteoporosis and healthy controls consisting of males ≥ 60-years-old.

Results
A total of 398 circRNAs, 51 miRNAs, and 642 mRNAs were significantly and differentially expressed in osteoporosis compared to healthy controls. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that the host genes of significantly differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly enriched in the regulation of cell cycle process: biological process (BP), organelle part cellular components (CC), protein binding molecular function (MF), Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, and thyroid hormone signaling pathway. circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed using the differentially expressed RNAs. Moreover, key circRNAs (hsa_circ_0042409) in osteoporosis were discovered and validated by qPCR.

Conclusions
The key cicrRNAs plays a major role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and could be used as potential biomarkers or targets in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis.
Screening of Alpha Amylase Inhibitory Activity and Antioxidant Activity of Selected Sri Lankan Medicinal Plants and Development of Herbal Tea
Authors: Alakolanga A. G. A. W. , Usna J. F. , Samarasinghe K. G. B. A. 
Published: May 2021

Aims: Herbal medicines are widely used because of its health benefits and minimum side effects. There are many underutilized medicinal herbs in Sri Lanka which are not subjected to any scientific study to prove their health benefits. The present study attempted to identify the health benefits and possibility to develop herbal teas from selected herbs; Solanum trilobatum, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Cardiospermum halicacabum, Acalypha indica and Plectranthus amboinicus.
Study Design: Complete Randomized Design was employed.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Agricultural Chemistry Laboratory of Uva Wellassa University, Badulla, Sri Lanka From November 2018 to March 2019.
Methodology: Leaf samples of these herbs were oven dried for 12 hours at 50 . Infusions were prepared by boiling varying amounts of leaf samples from 1g to 5g in 100 ml of distilled water and tested for antioxidant activity with DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay and α-amylase inhibition activity using Dinitrosalicylic acid method. Sensory evaluation was conducted for the same infusions with ISO-3103 specifications to select the best amounts of samples for consumption. The selected amounts were subjected to chemical analysis.
Results: The best antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibition activity were observed in C.halicacabum with 7.71 mg ml-1 and 45.51 mg ml-1 IC50 values respectively. Results confirmed that all leaf infusions contain Anthocyanin (4.20-0.11mg dm-3), Polyphenols (120.49-32.93 mg dm-3 and Free Sugar (262.95-24.67mg dm-3).
Conclusion: Selected herbs show positive responses towards selected biochemical properties and there is a very good potential to develop herbal teas with interesting health benefits with high customer attraction. C. halicacabum shows the best potential among selected herbs. However, it is suggested to carry out further studies to confirm these results and find out any adverse effects of overconsumption.
Inorganic Agents for Enhanced Angiogenesis of Orthopedic Biomaterials
Authors: Šalandová Monika , van Hengel Ingmar A. J. , Apachitei Iulian , Zadpoor Amir A. , van der Eerden Bram C. J. , Fratila‐Apachitei Lidy E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAseptic loosening of a permanent prosthesis remains one of the most common reasons for bone implant failure. To improve the fixation between implant and bone tissue as well as enhance blood vessel formation, bioactive agents are incorporated into the surface of the biomaterial. This study reviews and compares five bioactive elements (copper, magnesium, silicon, strontium, and zinc) with respect to their effect on the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells (ECs) when incorporated on the surface of biomaterials. Moreover, it provides an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art methodologies used for the in vitro assessment of the angiogenic properties of these elements. Two databases are searched using keywords containing ECs and copper, magnesium, silicon, strontium, and zinc. After applying the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 59 articles are retained for the final assessment. An overview of the angiogenic properties of five bioactive elements and the methods used for assessment of their in vitro angiogenic potential is presented. The findings show that silicon and strontium can effectively enhance osseointegration through the simultaneous promotion of both angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Therefore, their integration onto the surface of biomaterials can ultimately decrease the incidence of implant failure due to aseptic loosening.
Soft Robotic Manipulators: Designs, Actuation, Stiffness Tuning, and Sensing
Authors: Dou Weiqiang , Zhong Guoliang , Cao Jinglin , Shi Zhun , Peng Bowen , Jiang Liangzhong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSoft robotic manipulators are continuum robots made of soft materials and flexible components. The goal of soft robotic manipulators research is to enable these manipulators to adapt their shapes to cluttered environments and to have safer interactions with human. However, there is still a problem with effectively using soft robotic manipulators in practical applications. The challenges of soft robotic manipulators in terms of materials and structure design, stiffness control, perception, and function control remain to be overcome. Here, an overview of recent advances in this field is presented, covering device architectures, actuation, variable stiffness, and sensing. Actuator technologies are discussed and roughly divided into three categories: a) tendon‐driven actuation, b) fluidic actuation, and c) stimuli‐responsive actuation, which is based on smart materials. Considering the working principle of stiffness variation technologies, stiffness variation technologies can be divided into two categories: a) using the interactions between structural elements, b) direct material rigidity tuning strategies. A briefly review of soft sensing technologies is presented. From the functional perspective, sensor technologies are divide into two categories: proprioception and exteroception. A conception for designing soft robotic manipulators is proposed from the perspective of soft robotic manipulator applications. Finally, the challenges this field faces are discussed.
Malignant mesothelioma: Ongoing controversies about its etiology in females
Authors: Baur Xaver , Frank Arthur L. , Soskolne Colin L. , Oliver L. Christine , Magnani Corrado 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is one of the most aggressive cancers with the poorest of outcomes. There is no doubt that mesothelioma in males is related to asbestos exposure, but some authors suggest that most of the cases diagnosed in females are “idiopathic.” In our assessment of the science, the “low risk” of mesothelioma in females is because of the nonsystematic recording of exposure histories among females. Indeed, asbestos exposure is mentioned in only some of the studies that include females. We estimate the risk of MM among females to be close to that in males. The absence of detailed exposure histories should be rectified in future studies involving ​women. As a matter of social justice, the ongoing failure to recognize asbestos as the cause of a majority of cases of MM in females does them, and their kin, a profound disservice.
An intrafamilial phenotypic variability in Ellis‐Van Creveld syndrome due to a novel 27 bps deletion mutation
Authors: Zaka Ayesha , Shahzad Shaheen , Rao Hadi Zahid , Kanwal Sadia , Gul Asma , Basit Sulman 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEllis‐van Creveld (EvC) syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease, characterized by ectodermal, skeletal, and cardiac anomalies. We report intrafamilial phenotypic variability in three new EvC syndrome cases. Affected males in this study showed only ectodermal abnormalities, whereas an affected female showed the classical presentation of EvC Syndrome, including bilateral postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet, and congenital heart defects. Whole exome sequencing was performed to identify the causative variant, followed by validation and segregation analysis using Sanger sequencing. A homozygous deletion variant (c.731_757del) was identified in exon 6 of the EVC gene (NM_153717.2). The identified variant is considered to be the most likely candidate variant for the EvC syndrome in the family based on previous reports validating the role of EVC variants in the EvC syndrome. The disease correctly segregated in the family members, as all affected members were homozygous, and obligate carriers were heterozygous. Our family is remarkable in highlighting the variable expressivity of the EvC phenotype within the same family, due to a homozygous deletion mutation in the EVC gene. The variable expressivity might be due to the hypomorphic nature of mutation, or the presence of additional variants in modifier genes or in the regulatory regions of the EVC/EVC2 genes.