bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Quek Sabrina Xin Zi , Loo Evelyn Xiu Ling , Demutska Alla , Chua Chun En , Kew Guan Sen , Wong Scott , Lau Hui Xing , Low En Xian Sarah , Loh Tze Liang , Lung Ooi Shien , Hung Emily C W , Rahman M. Masudur , Ghoshal Uday C , Wong Sunny H , Cheung Cynthia K Y , Syam Ari F , Tan Niandi , Xiao Yinglian , Liu Jin‐Song , Lu Fang , Chen Chien‐Lin , Lee Yeong Yeh , Maralit Ruter M , Kim Yong‐Sung , Oshima Tadayuki , Miwa Hiroto , Pang Junxiong , Siah Kewin Tien Ho 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and AimGastrointestinal manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic may mimic irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and social distancing measures may affect IBS patients negatively. We aimed to study the impact of COVID‐19 on respondents with self‐reported IBS.MethodsWe conducted an anonymized survey from May to June 2020 in 33 countries. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on personal hygiene and social distancing as well as psychological impact of COVID‐19 were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed to determine differences in well‐being and compliance to social distancing measures between respondents with and without self‐reported IBS. Factors associated with improvement or worsening of IBS symptoms were evaluated.ResultsOut of 2704 respondents, 2024 (74.9%) did not have IBS, 305 (11.3%) had self‐reported IBS, and 374 (13.8%) did not know what IBS was. Self‐reported IBS respondents reported significantly worse emotional, social, and psychological well‐being compared with non‐IBS respondents and were less compliant to social distancing measures (28.2% vs 35.3%, P = 0.029); 61.6% reported no change, 26.6% reported improvement, and 11.8% reported worsening IBS symptoms. Higher proportion of respondents with no change in IBS symptoms were willing to practice social distancing indefinitely versus those who deteriorated (74.9% vs 51.4%, P = 0.016). In multivariate analysis, willingness to continue social distancing for another 2–3 weeks (vs longer period) was significantly associated with higher odds of worsening IBS.ConclusionOur study showed that self‐reported IBS respondents had worse well‐being and compliance to social distancing measures than non‐IBS respondents. Future research will focus on occupational stress and dietary changes during COVID‐19 that may influence IBS.
Hematology and blood chemistry reference values of free‐ranging Callithrix geoffroyi in Urban environment in Espírito Santo state, Brazil
Authors: Gariglio Ana Clara R. S. , Boere Vanner , Malukiewicz Joanna , Abreu Fonseca Leandro , Calais Antonio , Silva Ita Oliveira 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Callithrix geoffroyi are increasingly present in Brazilian urban areas, where they are vulnerable to health problems. The purpose of this study was a description of hematology and nine blood chemistry parameters of free‐ranging C. geoffroyi.MethodsThirty individuals were captured in urban‐forested settings. The marmosets were anesthetized, venopunctioned, and released shortly after recovery. The analysis was carried on in a veterinary laboratory, using automatic cells counter, staining methods, and an automatic biochemical analyzer.Results and ConclusionsMale and female free‐ranging C. geoffroyi have similar hematological and blood chemistry values. The adults presented higher concentrations of erythrocytes (P <.02) and hemoglobin (P <.02) than young marmosets. The platelet concentration was lower (P <.05) in adults comparing to young marmosets. There were not statistically significant differences between young and adult blood chemistry concentrations. This is the first time that are presented hematology and blood biochemistry data on free‐ranging C. geoffroyi.
Histopathological findings in the landscape of IgG4‐related pathology in patients with pituitary dysfunction: Review of six cases
Authors: Vasaitis Lilian , Wikström Johan , Ahlström Sengul , Gudjonsson Olafur , Kumlien Eva , Edén Engström Britt , Casar‐Borota Olivera 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIgG4‐related hypophysitis (IgG4‐RH) is increasingly being reported as an isolated entity or, less frequently, as a manifestation of a multiorgan IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD), in which typical histopathology is a cornerstone for the diagnosis. We aimed to describe the histopathological changes in the surgical specimens from patients with clinical signs of pituitary disease that fulfilled the current diagnostic criteria for IgG4‐RH. Histopathological features were correlated with clinical and radiological findings. Of 19 patients with pituitary dysfunction and inflammatory changes in the surgical pituitary specimen operated on during 2011‐2019, we identified five patients with typical IgG4‐related pathology (lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with more than 10 IgG4‐positive plasma cells per one high power microscopic field, representing at least 40% of all plasma cells and at least focal storiform fibrosis). One patient with diabetes insipidus and pachymeningitis with IgG4‐related changes in a biopsy from the dura was also included. Additional histopathological changes that typically are not part of the IgG4‐RH were observed: Rathke's cleft cyst in four and granulomatous changes in two patients. One patient had an elevated serum IgG4 level and systemic manifestations that could be associated with the systemic IgG4‐RD. Our findings indicate that pure IgG4‐RH is uncommon. All patients with pituitary dysfunction, beyond typical IgG4‐related pathology, had other pathological findings that could trigger the secondary IgG4‐response. Both primary pathology and secondary IgG4‐related features should be reported in patients with pituitary dysfunction because their co‐occurrence may cause atypical clinical and imaging features, and unexpected response to surgical and pharmacological treatment. The current criteria for the diagnosis of IgG4‐RH can lead to overdiagnosis of IgG4‐RH if additional pathological changes are not taken into consideration. The classification criteria of IgG4‐RD proposed by the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism could help classify patients more properly as IgG4‐RH if applied to the pituitary gland.
Rare case of late‐onset chronic purulent skin and soft tissue infection after nonabsorbable thread lifting and treatment
Authors: Wang Yongjie , Yang Lichang , Li Mengke , Long Jianhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundInfection is a common complication after the thread‐lifting procedure, but the late‐onset chronic purulent skin and soft tissue infection (SSTIs) after nonabsorbable thread lifting is quite rare.AimTo alert physicians should be aware of this kind of late‐onset complication after nonabsorbable thread lifting.Patients/MethodsA 54‐year‐old woman who accepted a facial lifting procedure 4 years ago visited our hospital with three recurrent abscesses protruding masses on the right side of the parietal area for 8 months. Bacterial culture of the white pus was positive for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). During the drainage and excisional biopsy, two knots of barbed threads and three smooth threads were detected and removed. Consequently, she was treated with systemic antibiotics for 72 h and partial wound dressing changes.ResultsThe wound was fully healed 7 days after surgery.ConclusionRemoval, drainage, and antibiotics are effective methods of this kind of late‐onset complication after nonabsorbable thread lifting.
Association of β‐arrestin1 and p53‐Mdm2 signaling in the development of missed abortion
Authors: Liu Ting , Ma Yuyan , Yin Qihui , Zhou Huanyu , Fang Yan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMissed abortion is a peculiar form of spontaneous abortion before 20 weeks' gestation. The definite etiology and pathogenesis are not fully understood. Recent studies have demonstrated that p53/Mdm2‐mediated ubiquitination of the IGF‐1R may be closely related to G‐protein‐coupled receptor kinases (GRK)/β‐arrestin1 system. Our previous studies have confirmed that the elevated expression of p53 and Mdm2 may be responsible for apoptosis during missed abortion. However, there was no information surrounding β‐arrestin1 in missed abortion.MethodsThe mRNA levels of β‐arrestin1 in villous samples of 30 missed abortion patients and 31 healthy controls were determined by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Immunohistochemistry was used to explore the expression and location of β‐arrestin1, p53, Mdm2, VEGF and HIF‐lα in trophoblasts. Transwell assays were performed to examine the influences of β‐arrestin1 expression on cell invasion. Furthermore, we tested the effect of β‐arrestin1 on the expression of p53, Mdm2, ERK, AKT and NF‐κB.ResultsThe expression of β‐arrestin1 in the villous samples of missed abortion group was dramatically lower than control group by quantitative real‐time‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the patients with missed abortion showed significantly higher levels of p53, Mdm2, HIF‐lα and lower level of VEGF than healthy controls by immunohistochemistry. Functional studies showed that suppression of β‐arrestin1 in HTR‐8 cells inhibited cell invasion. The protein expressions of ERK and AKT in HTR‐8 cells were significantly downregulated by reducing the expression of β‐arrestin1, while the expressions of p53, Mdm2, NF‐κB were enhanced. Overexpression of β‐arrestin1 exhibited the adverse effect.ConclusionOur data indicated that β‐arrestin1 play an important role in maintaining the maternal‐fetal tolerance, the decreased expression of β‐arrestin1 in the villous samples may be related with the development of missed abortion.
High neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio is a predictor of short‐term survival for patients with recurrent cervical cancer after radiation‐based therapy
Authors: Taguchi Ayumi , Nakajima Yujiro , Furusawa Akiko , Yoshino Yasunori , Takao Maki , Kashiyama Tomoko , Kino Nao , Yasugi Toshiharu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimPatients with recurrent cervical cancer after radiotherapy have poor prognoses because of the lack of effective treatment options. Biomarkers to predict survival outcomes for recurrent cervical cancer are warranted because patients with limited life expectancy sometimes benefit from less aggressive treatment in combination with early palliative care. Therefore, we aimed to explore a predictive biomarker for the outcomes of patients with recurrent cervical cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated 231 patients initially treated with radiation‐based therapy between January 2004 and December 2015. The associations between clinicopathological features at the time of relapse and overall survival after relapse were assessed. As factors which reflect patients' conditions, we particularly focused on C‐reactive protein‐to‐albumin ratio (CAR) and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at the time of relapse. Additionally, we investigated biomarkers predictive of short‐term survival.ResultsAmong 231 patients, 91 patients experienced relapse and 74 patients died during the follow‐up period. Multivariate analysis revealed that treatment after relapse, CAR, and NLR was significantly associated with overall survival. Among them, treatment after relapse significantly affected survival outcomes, and patients who received definitive local treatment had a better 3‐year survival rate than those who received other treatments. Conversely, NLR was the most influential biomarker for short‐term survival, and the prognosis of patients with high NLRs was much worse than those with low NLRs.ConclusionsThis study thus demonstrated that, for the patients with recurrent cervical cancer who received radiation‐based therapy, definitive local treatment can provide long‐term survival and extremely high NLRs are predictive of short‐term survival.
Case report of an un‐usually large hematosalpinx
Authors: Sulaman Hira , Hussain Syeda Areeba , Nawaz Shahnaz , Anwar Amina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHematosalpinx is the accumulation of blood in fallopian tubes. Its most common cause is ectopic pregnancy, but the other causes include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), endometriosis and pelvic trauma. We report a rare case of hematosalpinx in a 45‐year‐old female with no obvious cause. She presented with acute sharp right iliac fossa pain not relieving with analgesics. She did not have a history of fever, PID, endometriosis, or trauma. Her menstrual cycle was also normal and β‐hcG was negative. Ultrasound showed the right ovarian cyst and was suggesting of hemorrhagic. She was operated and a large hematosalpinx was observed. This rare case suggests the possibility of Hematosalpinx in the mid‐40s besides ruling out the possibility of some of the causes hypothesized in the relevant literature. The case highlights the need to better understand the pathophysiology of hematosalpinx.
Biochemical Correlations with Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis Detected by MR 2D Localized Correlated Spectroscopy
Authors: ARM Jameen , Al‐iedani Oun , Ribbons Karen , Lea Rod , Lechner‐Scott Jeannette , Ramadan Saadallah 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEFatigue is the common symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), yet its pathophysiological mechanism is poorly understood. We investigated the metabolic changes in fatigue in a group of relapsing‐remitting MS (RRMS) patients using MR two‐dimensional localized correlated spectroscopy (2D L‐COSY).METHODSSixteen RRMS and 16 healthy controls were included in the study. Fatigue impact was assessed with the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). MR 2D L‐COSY data were collected from the posterior cingulate cortex. Nonparametric statistical analysis was used to calculate the changes in creatine scaled metabolic ratios and their correlations with fatigue scores.RESULTSCompared to healthy controls, the RRMS group showed significantly higher fatigue and lower metabolic ratios for tyrosine, glutathione, homocarnosine (GSH+Hca), fucose‐3, glutamine+glutamate (Glx), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), total choline, and N‐acetylaspartate (NAA‐2), while increased levels for isoleucine and glucose (P ≤ .05). Only GPC showed positive correlation with all fatigue domains (r = .537, P ≤ .05). On the other hand, Glx‐upper, NAA‐2, GSH+Hca, and fucose‐3 showed negative correlations with all fatigue domains (r = –.345 to –.580, P ≤ .05). While tyrosine showed positive correlation with MFIS (r = .499, P ≤ .05), cognitive fatigue was negatively correlated with total GSH (r = –.530, P ≤ .05). No correlations were found between lesion load or brain volumes with fatigue score.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that fatigue in MS is strongly correlated with an imbalance in neurometabolites but not structural brain measurements.
Neuroimaging in Children with Ophthalmological Complaints: A Review
Authors: Rootman Mika Shapira , Dotan Gad , Konen Osnat 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTPediatric patients are commonly referred to imaging following abnormal ophthalmological examinations. Common indications include papilledema, altered vision, strabismus, nystagmus, anisocoria, proptosis, coloboma, and leukocoria. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits (with or without contrast material administration) is typically the imaging modality of choice. However, a cranial CT scan is sometimes initially performed, particularly when MRI is not readily available. Familiarity with the various ophthalmological conditions may assist the radiologist in formulating differential diagnoses and proper MRI protocols afterward. Although MRI of the brain and orbits usually suffices, further refinements are sometimes warranted to enable suitable assessment and accurate diagnosis. For example, the assessment of children with sudden onset anisocoria associated with Horner syndrome will require imaging of the entire oculosympathetic pathway, including the brain, orbits, neck, and chest. Dedicated orbital scans should cover the area between the hard palate and approximately 1 cm above the orbits in the axial plane and extend from the lens to the midpons in the coronal plane. Fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted fast spin echo sequences should enable proper assessment of the globes, optic nerves, and perioptic subarachnoid spaces. Contrast material should be given judiciously, ideally according to clinical circumstances and precontrast scans. In this review, we discuss the major indications for imaging following abnormal ophthalmological examinations.
Three Rothkos
Authors: McNamara Tim 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhat makes the work of the American Abstract Expressionist, Mark Rothko, great? Critics and the galleries of the world which hold his paintings, especially those he painted in his typical style of vertically arranged blocks of colour after the critical year 1949, often present his work using terms such as ‘ethereal’, ‘spiritual’, ‘luminous’, ‘mystical’, ‘sublime’. But this discourse about Rothko appears at odds with Rothko's own way of talking about his paintings, which he looked at as ‘dramas’ whose subject was ‘the basic human emotions – tragedy, ecstasy, doom and so on’. The article proposes that the mature paintings share a principle of organization, a syntax, which allows the expression of specific dramas of feeling in each painting. First, I suggest that the separate blocks of colour are to be read vertically, from top to bottom. Second, each block of colour is made up of multiple fine layers of paint of different colours. I argue that Rothko exploits the layering to enact a drama of feeling in each panel. I test out this argument by offering readings of three characteristic works of Rothko, and relate the discussion to Jaffe's (2016) discussion of indexical fields.
Neuronal activation and performance changes in working memory induced by chronic sleep restriction in adolescents
Authors: Alsameen Maryam , DiFrancesco Mark W. , Drummond Sean P. A. , Franzen Peter L. , Beebe Dean W. 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Most adolescents get less than the recommended 8–10 hr of sleep per night. Functional deficits from lack of sleep include disruption of working memory. Adult neuroimaging studies of sleep deprivation suggest diminished responses in task‐related brain networks if performance degrades, but compensatory increased responses with maintained performance. This study utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine compensatory and diminished brain responses in adolescents during working memory performance, comparing chronic sleep restriction and healthy sleep duration. Thirty‐six healthy adolescents, 14–17 years old, experienced a 3‐week protocol: (a) sleep phase stabilization; (b) sleep restriction (~6.5 hr nightly); and (c) healthy sleep duration (~9 hr nightly). After each sleep manipulation, we acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging with an NBack working memory task with four difficulty levels (0 to 3‐back). NBack performance degraded with higher task difficulty, but without a detectable effect of sleep duration. ANOVA revealed main effects of both NBack difficulty and sleep in widespread brain networks. Planned contrasts showed that, compared with healthy sleep, sleep restriction resulted in greater medial prefrontal activation and weaker activation in the precuneus for the most difficult task condition. During sleep restriction, we found compensatory functional responses in brain regions that process sensory input and vigilance. However, adolescents also showed impaired performance and diminished brain responses during the hardest task level under a week of chronic sleep restriction. Chronic sleep restriction during adolescence is common. Understanding the impact of ongoing functional compensation and performance breakdown during this developmental period can have important implications for learning and educational strategies.
Home range size, space use and resource selection of griffon vultures in an insular environment
Authors: Xirouchakis S. M. , Grivas C. , Andreou G. , Georgopoulou E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe extent of home ranges of griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) was studied on Crete (Greece) during 2005–2015 by monitoring 27 individuals with very high frequency radio‐telemetry. Radio‐tagged birds were followed for an average period of 13.1 months (n = 7–22), where a total of 1615 days of fieldwork produced 4420 radiolocations (x = 163.5 radiolocations per tagged bird,n = 142–328). Overall, the mean home range and mean core area of griffon vultures were estimated at 1560 ± 140 km2(KDE 95%) and 373 ± 36 km2(KDE 50%) respectively with significant age‐related differences within seasons. Immature griffon vultures ranged on average about double the area ranged by adults in winter and occupied significantly larger core areas. The home range overlap in per cent and utilization distribution between adult and immature birds was also significantly less in winter than in summer. Foraging griffon vultures avoided northern slopes with unfavourable flight conditions and selected sites within rangelands with low diurnal temperature variations where overwintering livestock and suitable nesting cliffs occur. Foraging adults were restricted to the vicinity of the breeding colonies and favoured sites away from urban zones. In contrast, immature griffon vultures selected pastoral zones in marginal areas with mild winters and rugged terrain. The existence of predictable food sources in combination with suitable roosting sites and favourable flight conditions were the main factors differentiating the space‐use pattern between the two age classes. We recommend that apart from the maintenance of traditional farming practices, sites, such as large communal roosts and flight corridors or entire ‘hotspot’ activity zones of immature birds, should be taken into account in conservation planning and sensitivity mapping for the species.
Culturally Sustaining Practices in Content Area Instruction for CLD Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Freeman‐Green Shaqwana , Driver Melissa K. , Wang Peishi , Kamuru Jessica , Jackson Dia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCulturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students comprise a substantial population of students with learning disabilities, and are historically disproportionately represented in special education. To effectively teach CLD students with learning disabilities, teachers should integrate evidence‐based practices and culturally sustaining pedagogy in their practice. This article highlights several practical examples of culturally sustaining evidence‐based practices across the content areas of mathematics, reading, and writing. Suggestions for practice and future research are presented in the article.