bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Arthritic Effect of TLR4 Inhibitor TAK-242 Through the Inhibition of Th1 and Th17 Cell Proliferation in a Curdlan-Induced Spondyloarthritis SKG Mouse Model
Authors: Kim Hee Jin , Kim Jung Yeon , Lee Sang Hoon , Yang Hyung-In , Kim Kyoung-Soo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is involved in the pathogenesis of arthritic diseases. The TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 has shown potential as a possible treatment for rheumatoid arthritis in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model. However, further investigation of the anti-arthritis effect of TAK-242 in other animal models of arthritis disease is required. Objective: This study was conducted to examine the anti-arthritic effects and mechanisms of TAK-242 on curdlan-induced spondyloarthritis in SKG mice. Methods: Curdlan-injected SKG ZAP-70W163C mice were intraperitoneally administered with TAK-242 (3 mg/kg) every other day or anti-IL-23 antibody (100 μg) weekly for 9 weeks. The therapeutic effect of TAK-242 was evaluated in the SKG mice by measuring the inflammation level of foot, ileum, lung and tail by histology, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in serum, bone mineral density (BMD) in femur and spine, and CD4+T cell subtypes Th1 and Th17 in spleen.Results: TAK-242 treatment significantly reduced clinical score, paw width, and colon length in SKG mice. Consistent with the therapeutic effect, TAK-242 also reduced peripheral arthritis and IL-17 expression in the foot and ileum tissues. It also inhibited inflammation of the lungs, ileum, paws, and tail and reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. TAK-242 recovered the reduced bone density in the femur but not in the spine. Treatment with TAK-242 also suppressed the populations of Th1 and Th17 cells in the spleen of SKG mice.Conclusions: TAK-242 may show beneficial anti-arthritis effects by inhibiting the proliferation of pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells. Further research is needed for TAK-242 to be repositioned as a treatment for arthritis disease.
Reinfection Rate and Its Associated Factors after Two-Stage Revision for Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Nam Chang Hyun , Lee Su Chan , Choi Kyungwon , Baek Ji-Hoon , Ahn Hye Sun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Two-stage revision is the gold standard for treatment of infected total knee arthroplasty. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the reinfection rate of two-stage revision and to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of two-stage revision for infected total knee arthroplasty.Methods: One hundred seven cases of two-stage revision for infected total knee arthroplasty were reviewed retrospectively from March 2006 to November 2019. We evaluated possible risk factors between success and reinfection groups. Statistical analyses included multivariable logistic regression analysis to examine the relative contribution of risk factors to the success of two-stage revision. Results: There were 19 cases of reinfection (17.8%) after two-stage revision in our center. Between the success and reinfection groups, there was a significant difference in history of cancer (p=0.015). Also, multivariable logistic regression analysis of risk factors demonstrated history of cancer (HR 5.928, p=0.015). There were no statistically significant differences in reinfection relative to other risk factors. Conclusions: In subjects undergoing two-stage revision for infected total knee arthroplasty, history of cancer was a risk factor for reinfection, though no other significant differences between risk factors was shown for reinfection.Trial registration: Retrospectively registeredLevel of evidence: IV
Minimally invasive open reduction by a modified suture bridge with anchors for avulsion-type greater tuberosity fracture of the humerus
Authors: Kong Lingpeng , Yang Juanjuan , Liu Fanxiao , Han Yong , Lu Qingsen , Jia Honglei , Lv Xiaolong , Hu Fangning , Wang Bomin , Yang Yongliang , Wang Fu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aims to describe a new procedure of minimally invasive open reduction by a modified suture bridge with anchors for avulsion-type greater tuberosity fracture of the humerus and to evaluate its clinical effectiveness.Methods: From January 2015 to January 2018, 16 patients who were diagnosed with an avulsion-type greater tuberosity fracture of the proximal humerus and treated with minimally invasive open reduction by modified suture bridges with anchors were retrospectively studied. Endpoints were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively and included the visual analog scale (VAS), the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulders score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES), and the range of motion (ROM) for shoulders.Results: There were 7 males and 9 females with an average age of 44.94 years. Six fractures involved the left shoulder, and 10 involved the right shoulder. The time between injury and operation ranged from 1 to 5 days, with an average of 2.32 days. The average length of stay was 6.5 ± 0.85 days; the mean operation time was 103.1 ± 7.23 minutes; and the mean amount of operative blood loss was 51.88 ± 6.40 ml. All patients achieved bone union within 3 months after surgery. The VAS score significantly decreased at 3 weeks postoperatively (p = 0.002), as did the average degree of forward elevation (p = 0.047). The mean degree of abduction increased at 6 weeks after the operation (p = 0.035), and the average degree of external rotation and internal rotation improved at 3 months postoperatively (p = 0.012; p = 0.007). The ASES score and the UCLA score improved at the 6-week follow-up (p = 0.092; p = 0.029). No procedure-related death or incision-related superficial or deep tissue infection was identified in any case. No iatrogenic neurovascular injuries or fractures were found in this study.Conclusion: The fracture block was fixed firmly by minimally invasive open reduction with a modified suture bridge with anchors. Patients were allowed to move their shoulder early after surgery and recovered quickly. It is an efficient method for the treatment of avulsion-type greater tuberosity fractures of the humerus.
Interactions between Dietary Patterns with the Age of Onset of Obesity and Body Composition Among Obese and Overweight Female: A Cross –Sectional Study
Authors: Khatibi Nasim , Setayesh Leila , Yarizade Habib , Mirzababaei Atieh , Sajadi Forogh , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Back ground: Obesity is associated to dietary factors, mostly those related to nutrients and energy. The aim of the present study was to explore the interaction of dietary patterns and the age of onset of obesity on anthropometric indicators among Iranian women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 266 obese and overweight Iranian females who were between 18 and 48 years old with BMI > 25 (kg/m2).Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was calculated for all participants. Three dietary patterns principle component analysis (PCA) was used as a factor score for each of the three dietary patterns. Anthropometric evaluation was performed for participants. Results: A significant inverse relationship (p < 0.05) was found between DASH score and the age of onset of obesity under 18 years old, fat-free mass, and weight in women. Conversely it was observed that higher weight and body mass index (BMI) were associated with the age of onset of obesity under 18 years old compared to participants more than 18 years old (p < 0.05). Moreover, it was observed that higher adherence to DASH dietary pattern has a positive correlation with lower BMI (P = 0.07), visceral fat (P = 0.03), and body fat mass (BFM) (P = 0.07). A significant interaction between DASH pattern and onset obesity under 18 years old on weight observed in women (P = 0.001). Conclusions: This study suggested that DASH dietary pattern is a good choice for weight management and a healthier body in general and may decrease the development of obesity-related diseases. It was suggested that higher adherence to DASH pattern may reduce the obesity markers and decrease the development of obesity-related diseases.
Multicriteria evaluation to identify potential areas for level Fanya juu terrace in Central Ethiopia
Authors: Tadesse Teshome Betru , Tefera Setiye Abebaw 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

The costs of soil erosion are worsening in developing countries. In recent decades of Ethiopia, government sectors and different organizations are working on watershed management campaigns. Despite achievements, soil loss from cropland was not reversed to the productive limit. Therefore, this study attempts to provide information on appropriate sites for level Fanya juu terrace in croplands located in Sodo watershed, central Ethiopia.
Methods

A spatial layer of soil loss, land use/land cover, slope, and topographic wetness index was managed using a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) system. The suitability class of each layer was made based on the national guideline for soil and water conservation published in 2016. Then the analytical hierarchy process was used to obtain the relative weight of each layer. Finally, the suitability map was generated using the weighted combination method.
Result

The result shows that 5.5%, 3.2%, and 40.8% of the study area was highly, moderately, and less suitable for level Fanya juu terrace. The remaining is not appropriate at all. Among ground-truthing points collected on an existing terrace, 95% falls into a less suitable class. Assertively, the MCDA provided imperative information. According to pieces of evidence from level Fanya juu terrace, soil loss is estimated to be reduced by 77% in areas highly susceptible to soil erosion.
Conclusion

Appropriate soil and water conservation measures unto applicable place is a central part of watershed management campaigns. In long run, this could be effective where farmers’ acceptance, proper execution, and regular maintenance of the structure are kept sustainable. In general, procedure followed and results found in this paper can enable an informed decision on farmer’s managed cropland to tackle soil erosion and boost productivity.
Impact of intensive care unit discharge delay after medical clearance on outcomes after liver transplantation
Authors: Salimi Shirin , Pandya Keval , Davis Rebecca J , Crawford Michael , Pulitano Carlo , Strasser Simone I , McCaughan Geoffrey W , Majumdar Avik , Liu Ken 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

For general intensive care unit (ICU) patients, ICU discharge delay (ICUDD) has been shown to be associated with increased hospital length of stay (LOS) and acquiring multi-resistant organism (MRO) infections. The impact of ICUDD in liver transplant (LT) recipients is unknown.
Methods

We retrospectively studied consecutive adults who underwent deceased-donor LT between 2011–2019. All patients went to ICU post-operatively then to a specific transplant ward. ICUDD was defined as > 8 hours between a patient being cleared by staff for discharge to ward and the patient leaving ICU.
Results

550 received LT and survived to ward discharge. Median time between clearance for ward and the patient leaving ICU was 25.6 hours (interquartile range 6.6–38.6). The majority (68.4%) of patients experienced ICUDD. No donor or recipient variables were associated with ICUDD. However, patients cleared for discharge early in the week (Sunday-Tuesday) were more likely to experience ICUDD than those cleared on Wednesday-Saturday: 77.5% vs. 62.2% (P = 0.001), while patients cleared outside routine work hours were more likely to experience ICUDD than those cleared within working hours (93.6% vs. 66.2%, P < 0.001). The median hospital LOS were identical (18 days, P = 0.96) and there were no differences in other patient outcomes. Patients who became colonized with MRO in ICU spent longer time there compared to those who remained MRO-free (9 vs. 6 days, P < 0.001), however this was not due to ICUDD.
Conclusions

ICUDD post-LT is common and related to logistical factors. It does not prolong hospital LOS and is not associated with adverse patient outcomes or MRO colonization.
Integrated Analysis of Hub Genes and miRNAs in Osteoporosis
Authors: Huang Chengbin , Zhao Ding-Yun , Xu Tian-hao , Chen Liang , Xie Jun , Jin Chen , Yang Lei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and objective: Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic disease of bone metabolism, characterized by decreasing bone mass, increasing bone microstructure damages and fracture risk. It affects the quality of life of nearly 200 million people worldwide and is a major burden on the public health systems. We want to identify hub genes and miRNAs by the miRNA-mRNA interaction network in osteoporosis disease so that further understand the pathogenesis of this disease.Materials and methods: The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMis) and mRNAs (DEMs) were selected using data of OP patients downloaded from the GEO database (GSE93883, GSE74209 and GSE35959). Gene Ontology (GO) pathway analysis and transcription factor enrichment analysis were used for selecting DEMis, and the target mRNAs of DEMis were filtered by using FunRich. Cytoscape software was used to visualize the network between miRNAs and mRNAs and calculate the hub genes. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to analyze the mRNAs in the regulatory network.Results: A total of 17 DEMis and 655 DEMs were selected, from which we reconstructed the miRNA-mRNA network consisting of 6 miRNAs and 37 mRNAs. The top 10 nodes, hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-92a-3p, hsa-miR-92b-3p, hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-320c, SLC2A3(Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 3), LBX1(ladybird homeobox 1), HCN2(hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 2), DAB2IP(DAB2 Interacting Protein) and CIC(capicua transcriptional repressor), were identified as important regulators.Conclusions: The study uncovered several important hub genes and miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of OP, among which, the hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-92a-3p and hsa-miR-92b-3p may play an important role in osteoporosis, which can help us provide potential therapeutic targets of OP.
7-Methoxyisoflavone Suppresses Vascular Endothelial Inflammation by Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhu Xinyu , Wang Cheng , Huang Kai , Liang Minglu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of 7-Methoxyisoflavone (7-Mif) on the inflammation.Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic effect of 7-Mif on HUVECs was tested by CCK8 kit. The expression of intracellular adhesion protein-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) were tested by RT-qPCR and Western blot. ﻿Monocyte-endothelial cells adhesion assays was performed by Vybrant™ DiD Cell-Labeling Solution. The NF-κB activation was tested by Western blot and Immunofluorescence. And LPS induced animal experiment was performed.Results: 7-Mif show no cytotoxicity on HUVECs. Pre-treated with 7-Mif can significantly reduce ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression both on mRNA and protein level, and further inhibit the monocyte-endothelial cells adhesion. On the mechanism, our results showed that 7-Mif can reverse IL-1β induced NF-κB activation and p65 translocation to nucleus, therefore, inhibit inflammation of endothelial cells. In addition, we confirmed that 7-Mif can attenuate the inflammatory injury induced by LPS in mice.Conclusion: Here, we studied the inhibitory effect of 7-Mif on the endothelium inflammation by suppressing the expression of inflammatory gene and monocyte adhesion. Our data illustrated that 7-Mif could be positively regulate the process of endothelium inflammation.
A Non-Invasive Body Temperature Measurements in Cow using IR Thermometry
Authors: MURUGESWARI S , Murugan Kalpana , Sundaraprem R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This research deals with continuous surface body temperature measurements in cow using IR based thermometry. Body surface temperatures were estimated contactless utilizing recordings from an IR thermometry fixed at a specific region in the cow. The body surface temperatures were dissected reflectively at two regions: the rectal region (behind the tail) and abdominal region (nearer the stomach) in the cow. The traditional invasive rectal temperature filled in as a kind of perspective temperature and was estimated with a computerized thermometer at the comparing time point. An aggregate of ten cows (Redsindhi, HF cross, Kangayam ) was inspected. The normal most extreme temperatures of the territory of the rectal (mean ± SD: 38.69 ± 0.5°C) and the abdominal region (38.4 ± 0.51°C). The temperatures of these regions in the cow were 95% accurate than the traditional invasive rectal temperature measurements. Notwithstanding, the most extreme temperatures as estimated utilizing IR thermometry expanded with an expansion in cow rectal temperature. These temperature readings are then been communicate to the remote server for continuous monitoring of the condition of cows. This communication is carried out by using Bluetooth/Wifi medium. Since this framework comes out with a non-invasive fashion measuring surface body temperature, will be an alternate way of taking a reading of temperature rather than computing the internal body temperature in an invasive fashion. Subsequently, this IR thermometry shows potential as a marker for consistent temperature estimations in cows.
Theoretical Study on the Structures of Single-Atom M (M=Fe, Co and Ni) Adsorption Outside and Inside the Defect Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Wang Qing-Yun , Nan Gang , Liu Guang-Di , Tong Yongchun , Xu Xin-Jian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Single-atom confinement inside carbon nanotubes has attracted much attention in many fields. This class of materials may not only serve as a catalyst but also as a support material for certain reactions. In this paper, we have studied the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), single vacancy defect (SV) and Stone-Wales defect (SW) carbon nanotubes with Fe, Co and Ni atom by both inside and outside adsorption structures in density function theory (DFT). Our results reveal that the binding abilities of atomic Fe, Co, Ni onto the internal and external surfaces of the SWCNT, SV and SW are in following orders by metals: Ni>Co>Fe. The adsorption energies of SV toward Fe, Co and Ni are more stable than those of SWCNT and SW, which can be attributed to the three active carbon sites created by a C atom removing, while the SWCNT and SW demonstrate similar adsorption energy due to the similar structure. Generally, the stability of external adsorption structures is stronger than those of internal adsorption structures, but as for the SW, the stability of internal and external adsorption structures is close, which means that the defects have improved the confinement of carbon nanotubes to M (M=Fe, Co Ni).
The Relationship between Stress and Smartphone Addiction among Adolescents: The Mediating Effect of Grit
Authors: Kim Chaeyoon , Kwak Keumjoo , Kim Yeonsoo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of grit on the relationship between stress and smartphone addiction among adolescents. Participants were 605 Korean students from age 12 to 16 (mean age = 13.97 years). Stress was assessed using the Daily Hassles Scales for Children in Korea developed by Han and Yoo (1995). Grit was measured by the Korean translated version of the Original Grit Scale (Duckworth et al., 2007; Park et al., 2020), and smartphone addiction was measured by using the Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale for Youth developed by the National Information Society Agency (2011). The mediating effect was analyzed by using PROCESS macro version 3.5, and bootstrapping was conducted to test the significance of the mediating effect. The results showed that adolescent's stress and grit significantly influenced smartphone addiction. Also, grit partially mediated the relationship between stress and smartphone addiction. This means that high levels of stress reduced grit, which in turn increased smartphone addiction proneness among adolescents. In addition, two factors of grit (consistency of interest and perseverance of effort) both mediated the association between stress and smartphone addiction. The current study is meaningful in that it is the first study to empirically investigate adolescent's grit in relation to stress and smartphone addiction. Moreover, this study can provide useful information about prevention and intervention strategies for smartphone addiction.
Non-gravitational Effects of the Metric Field over Complex Manifolds
Authors: Sen Swagatam 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective of this work is to study whether some of the known non-gravitational phenomena can be explained as motion on a straight line as gravity is treated within General Relativity. To do that, we explore a metric field on a complexified manifold with holomorphic coordinates. Specifically we look into the behaviour of geodesics on such a smooth complex manifold and the path traced out by its real component. This yields a family of equations of motions in real coordinates which is shown to have deviations from usual geodesic equation and in that way expands the geodesic to capture contributions from additional fields and interactions beyond the mere gravitational ones as a function of the metric field.
On Collapse of Quantum State on Measurement
Authors: Chowdhury Basudev Nag , Chattopadhyay Sanatan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the context of the century-long debate on quantum measurement problem, the current work proposes a model that describes the process of collapse of state by quantum interaction, which resolves the controversies of the framework of quantum mechanics and describes the entire domain of quantum-to-classical world including the weak measurement and partial collapse. ‘Measurement’, being the process of physically interacting with a system in order to extracting information from it, is theorized in the current model by synthesizing the quantum interaction between system and measuring apparatus with the information entropy of such process. The model assumes Schrödinger equation to be the only guiding equation for all physical systems including the measuring apparatus, and does not presuppose ‘superposition principle’, rather derives it theoretically from the formulation. The superposed state is shown to be independent of the choice of measurement operator (observable) or basis states (pointers) of the measuring apparatus. Most interestingly, the current model explains the non-observance of ‘superposition principle’ by classical systems as the classical limit of such quantum description of measurement. Along with solving the quantum measurement problem, the work also explains weak measurement and partial collapse, which can be further extended to investigate such several emerging critical phenomena.
A smartphone application for enhancing educational skills to support and improve the safety of autistic individuals
Authors: Ishaq Adeed , Shoaib Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a smartphone application that provides learning and communication support to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially in emergency situations. This application provides learning with video modeling in case of disaster i.e., fire and rain to instruct the ASD children about safety skills. In addition, the application eases collaboration support between caregivers and ASD children. The single-subject design is used to measure the usefulness of the application and the analysis is performed for two males and one female ASD children. The results show that the proposed application enhances the satisfaction level of all the participants with significant improvement in learning skills.