bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obstetrician-gynecologist perceptions and utilization of prescription drug monitoring programs
Authors: Goodin Amie , Bae Jungjun , Delcher Chris , Brown Joshua , Roussos-Ross Dikea 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Query of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) is recommended before prescribing opioids by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, to inform clinical practice and aid diversion prevention. Many states mandate prescriber PDMP use; however, little is known about PDMP perception of utility and use among Obstetricians-Gynecologists (OB/GYN), who are the primary provider for most women during pregnancy.
This study examined OB/GYN perceptions and utilization of their state PDMP.
Survey items were developed by expert consensus. A voluntary anonymous survey was emailed to a random sample of 5000 OB/GYNs (adjusted participants n = 1470, minus unread/refusals). Responses were stratified by state policy environment, where response frequency distributions were compared for OB/GYNs practicing in states with mandatory vs voluntary PDMP query.
Adjusted response rate was 27% (n = 397). Most OB/GYNs (78%) were registered with their PDMP. The majority agreed that “…mandating physician use of the PDMP was a good idea” (51.4% mandatory state vs 58.3% voluntary state). Respondents in mandatory states reported that the primary purpose of the PDMP was “to allow the physician to verify medications that the patient is being prescribed” less frequently than those in voluntary states (38.3% vs 52.8%). Several report speaking with patients about controlled substance prescriptions after viewing PDMP reports (27.8% in mandatory vs 26.3% in voluntary states). In qualitative responses, reported frustration with PDMPs was evident.
OB/GYNs are diverse in their perceptions regarding the utility and purpose of PDMPs. Tailored education is needed regarding clinical utility of PDMPs for OB/GYN practice.
Higher serum level of Cystatin C
Authors: Chen Zhenfei , Zhang Jing , Feng Jun , Zhou Gaoliang , Jin Xiaoqin , Pan Jianyuan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cystatin C has been proposed as a useful biomarker of early impaired kidney function and a predictor of mortality risk. The present study is to investigate the association between serum Cystatin C and the severity of coronary artery lesions, Gensini score (GS), and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).
A total of 682 CAD patients (230 females, 452 males; mean age 62.6 ± 10.7 years, range from 31 to 86 years) and 135 controls (41 females, 94 males; mean age 58.0 ± 10.3 years, range from 38 to 84 years) were recruited in the present study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to measure serum cystatin C levels and other serum indexes. The estimated glomerular filtration rate and GS were calculated.
Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid, Cystatin C, and homocysteine (HCY) were significantly elevated in CAD patients compared to controls. There were significant differences regarding total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, cystatin C, eGFR and GS among stable angina pectoris (SAP), unstable angina group (UAP), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. AMI group had an elevated serum Cystatin C, LDL-C, HCY, and GS than SAP and UAP patients. When stratified patient groups by the quartiles of Cystatin C, we found age, the proportion of male and patients with diabetes, HCY, and GS were increased in Q4 than in other quartile groups. Spearman correlation test revealed a positive relationship between Cystatin C, HCY, and GS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum Cystatin C level, presence of hypertension and diabetes, HCY, age, and male were the risk factors for coronary artery lesions.
In summary, our results suggested that cystatin C is a promising clinical biomarker that provides complementary information to the established risk determinants. The serum Cystatin C level is strongly associated with GS and could be used to evaluate the severity of coronary artery lesions.
Efficacy of Venner-PneuX endotracheal tube system for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units
Authors: Gan Min , Bao Zhuming , Han Juan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
The pathogenic mechanism and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are substantially improved over the past several decades, but VAP remains frequently seen among the critical cases. The Venner-PneuX endotracheal tube system (VPXETS) has been proved to perform better than standard endotracheal tubes (SET) in the prevention of VAP in some studies. Therefore, this systematic review is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of VPXETS in order to prevent VAP.

Methods:
Electronic databases, including PubMed, WANFANG, CENTRAL, CNKI, EMBASE, and CINAHL, are used to search relevant randomized controlled trials for evaluating the therapeutic effect of VPXETS on preventing VAP from January 2011 to December 2020. To be specific, related studies are selected, data are extracted, risk of bias is assessed, and meta-analysis is conducted in succession.

Results:
The present review aims to assess the therapeutic effect of VPXETS on preventing VAP in intensive care units (ICUs). Our outcome measures include the incidence and side reaction of VAP.

Conclusions:
The present review assesses related studies regarding the therapeutic effect of VPXETS on preventing VAP at ICUs.

Dissemination and ethics:
Our findings in this work are to be disseminated by means of peer-reviewed publication. No ethical approval is required in our review since it uses the published data. Moreover, anonymity is guaranteed during the data analysis process.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/6BERJ
Efficacy and safety of Qishen Yiqi dripping pills as a complementary treatment for Heart Failure
Authors: Guan Hui , Dai Guohua , Ren Lili , Gao Wulin , Fu Haoran , Zhao Zepeng , Liu Xin , Li Jue 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background:
Heart failure (HF) has become a serious global public health issue due to its high incidence, high mortality and extremely low quality of life. According to several clinical trials, Qishen Yiqi Dripping pills (QSYQ) combined with routine western medicine treatment can further enhance the curative effect of HF patients. However, most of the trials are small in sample size and poor in quality, which can only provide limited evidence-based medicine. The existing systematic reviews of efficacy and safety has provided evidence for the clinical application of QSYQ to a certain extent, but there are still 3 major defects. Here, we will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis that include the randomized clinical trial (RCT) of CACT-IHF, apply meta-regression and subgroup analysis to cope with multiple confounding factors, and add the clinical efficacy standards of TCM, all-cause death and readmission rates as reliable efficacy evaluation indicators. The purpose of this study was to rigorously evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of QSYQ in the complementary treatment of HF with a well-designed systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
Following the strict search strategy, 9 databases will be searched to ensure a comprehensive search. We search the database from the establishment until November 30, 2020. This study will include RCTs of QSYQ in HF patients’ complementary treatment. Two searchers will independently draft and carry out the search strategy, and the third member will further complete it. Two members independently screen literature, extract data and cross-check, and solve different opinions through discussion or negotiation with the third member. The risk bias will be evaluated based on Cochrane tool of risk of bias. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis are used to check and deal with the heterogeneity. The data analysis will be conducted by the statistical software Stata 16.0.

Results:
The results of this research will be delivered in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
This study expects to provide credible and scientific evidence for the efficacy and safety of QSYQ in HF's complementary treatment, and at the same time provide a convenient and effective choice for decision-makers and patients.

Protocol registration number:
INPLASY 2020120106.

Ethical approval:
Since this study is on the basis of published or registered RCTs, ethical approval and informed consent of patients are not required.
A rare case report of renal vein pseudoaneurysm after blunt trauma
Authors: Mun Yun Su , Sung Won Young 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Renal vein pseudoaneurysm after blunt trauma is an extremely rare clinical disease. Different interventions, such as conservative, surgical, and endovascular treatments, can be considered. However, previous studies have not described the optimal treatment strategies for this condition. Furthermore, there is a significant lack of prior case reports and of standardized treatment guidelines for trauma-induced renal vein pseudoaneurysm patients who previously maintained antithrombotic agent.

Patient concerns:
A 23-year-old female patient visited the emergency department after sustaining blunt injury caused by falling. The patient was diagnosed with multiple limb and rib fractures. A right renal vein pseudoaneurysm was found on abdominal computed tomography scan. Initially, there was no other organ damage, and the patient was hemodynamically stable. Thus, nonsurgical, conservative management was considered. However, the patient's hematocrit and hemoglobin levels decreased, and there was no hemodynamic improvement. The patient required lifelong treatment with aspirin because she previously underwent Fontan surgery, and orthopedic surgery for multiple fractures was planned. Thus, considering these factors, the treatment method was changed from conservative management to endovascular stent insertion.

Diagnoses:
Abdominal computed tomography and renal venography revealed a right renal vein pseudoaneurysm.

Interventions:
On the basis of the abdominal computed tomography scan and renal venography findings, the endovascular stent graft was inserted across the pseudoaneurysm area.

Outcomes:
Upon placement of the endovascular stent, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels gradually returned to normal. The patient's vital signs and general condition had improved. The patient recovered without any complications and was discharged 29 days after hospitalization.

Lessons:
Some patients with traumatic renal vein pseudoaneurysm do not experience hemodynamic improvement despite conservative treatment. Hence, endovascular procedure may be considered for these patients, particularly those who require antithrombotic treatment for a previous disease.
Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis with anticardiolipin antibody
Authors: Wu Chi-Shun , Wang Hung-Ping , Sung Sheng-Feng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP) is a rare neurological disorder without a definite etiology. Diagnosis is mainly based on exclusion of other etiologies.

Patient concerns:
A 41-year-old male patient presented with insidious onset headache of 3-month duration.

Diagnoses:
Contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement over bilateral cerebral hemispheres and the tentorium cerebelli. Lumbar puncture showed increased pressure, lymphocytic pleocytosis, and elevated protein level with normal glucose concentration. Blood tests detected elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein. Pathological examination of the dura mater from the right frontal convexity disclosed coarse collagenous deposition with focal lymphoid aggregation. After malignancy and infectious etiologies were excluded, a diagnosis of IHP was made.

Interventions:
Oral prednisolone and azathioprine followed by methotrexate were administered.

Outcomes:
During the 7-year follow-up period, although the patient was not totally headache-free, medical therapy significantly reduced the severity of headache. Follow-up MRI studies showed a reduction in meningeal enhancement and serial ESR measurements revealed a trend of improvement.

Lessons:
Methotrexate therapy may be considered in cases of steroid-resistant IHP. In addition to clinical evaluation, serial ESR testing may be considered to guide the treatment strategy and assess the response to therapy.
Sex Differences in US Army Suicide Attempts During the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan
Authors: Naifeh James A. , Mash Holly B. Herberman , Stein Murray B. , Vance Mary C. , Aliaga Pablo A. , Fullerton Carol S. , Dinh Hieu M. , Wynn Gary H. , Kao Tzu-Cheg , Sampson Nancy A. , Kessler Ronald C. , Ursano Robert J. 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
To examine sex differences in risk for administratively documented suicide attempt (SA) among US Army soldiers during the Iraq/Afghanistan wars.

Method:
Using administrative person-month records of Regular Army enlisted soldiers from 2004 to 2009, we identified 9650 person-months with a first documented SA and an equal-probability control sample (n=153,528 person-months). Person-months were weighted to the population and pooled over time. After examining the association of sex with SA in a logistic regression analysis, predictors were examined separately among women and men.

Results:
Women (an estimated 13.7% of the population) accounted for 25.2% of SAs and were more likely than men to attempt suicide after adjusting for sociodemographic, service-related, and mental health diagnosis (MHDx) variables (odds ratio=1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.5–1.7). Women with increased odds of SA in a given person-month were younger, non-Hispanic White, less educated, in their first term of enlistment, never or previously deployed (vs. currently deployed), and previously received a MHDx. The same variables predicted SA among men. Interactions indicated significant but generally small differences between women and men on 6 of the 8 predictors, the most pronounced being time in service, deployment status, and MHDx. Discrete-time survival models examining risk by time in service demonstrated that patterns for women and men were similar, and that women’s initially higher risk diminished as time in service increased.

Conclusions:
Predictors of documented SAs are similar for US Army women and men. Differences associated with time in service, deployment status, and MHDx require additional research. Future research should consider stressors that disproportionately affect women.
The effect of COVID-19 on oncology pharmacy services
Authors: Crul Mirjam , Bosnak Ahmet , Astier Alain , Meier Klaus 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic has been felt in all areas of health care. We performed a weekly survey amongst the members of the European Society of Oncology Pharmacy (ESOP) to better understand its effects and how they evolved over time. We specifically studied alterations in the care for patients with cancer as well as in the work of oncology pharmacists.

Methods:
An online survey was developed by ESOP to compile data about the effects of COVID-19 on the work practices of professionals working in the field of oncology pharmacy. The survey was distributed electronically on a weekly basis from April 6th to June 28th.

Results:
A total of 1146 responses were gathered from respondents in 60 different countries. At any given time point, between 25% and 38% of the respondents had staff infected with COVID-19. In total, 29% of hospital pharmacists reported shortages of drugs necessary for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, and almost 50% also faced shortages of drugs necessary for the treatment of cancer patients. In addition, the majority of hospital pharmacists reported a decrease in planned surgery for oncology patients, as well as a decrease in the amount of chemotherapy preparations. Community pharmacists faced shortages of personal protective equipment in 40% of cases and shortages of drugs in 60%.

Conclusion:
The work of oncology pharmacists both in the clinical setting as well as in the community has been effected profoundly by the COVID-19 pandemic.
First-Time Diagnosis After an Emergency Presentation in Children With Cancer
Authors: Schiavetti Amalia , Aliotti Lippolis Maria , Gentile Isotta , De Grazia Alessandra , Ferrara Eva , Bonci Enea 
Published: January 2021

Aim
To determine the prevalence rate of cancer diagnoses by an emergency route, the related risk factors and whether the emergency diagnosis was associated with poorer outcome.

Methods
Retrospective observational study with identification of patients diagnosed at the Pediatric Oncology Unit of “Sapienza” University between 2008 and 2018. The percentage of patients who received a first-time diagnosis after an emergency presentation was determined. Two-year survival and clinical factors, such as sex, age and histology, associated to emergency presentation were evaluated.

Results
Of 207 patients (109 girls and 98 boys; median age, 120 months), with a first-time diagnosis of solid tumor, 5.8% were diagnosed during an emergency admission after a median latency time of 2.5 days. Cases with an emergency diagnosis were younger compared with those who were diagnosed electively (median age, 30 months vs 120 months, P < 0.005). Higher prevalence rate of emergency presentation was detected in patients with lymphoma compared with those with no lymphoma disease (28.6% vs 4.1%; P < 0.0001). All patients were managed to overcome their emergency presentation, 33.3% of these died later. No statistically significant difference for 2-year overall survival was found between patients with an emergency diagnosis and those with elective diagnosis (66.7% vs 81.0%; odds ratio, 2.1; confidence interval, 0.6–7.5; P = 0.22).

Conclusions
A minor but not negligible number of pediatric patients come to a first-time diagnosis of cancer as result of a life-threatening event; risk factors were younger age and lymphoma disease. The emergency event can be successfully treated, and it was not related to a poorer survival.
Clinical Characteristics of Children With Celiac Disease Not Responding to Hepatitis B Vaccination in India
Authors: Aneja Aradhana , Lal Sadhna B. , Sharma Arun K , Rawat Amit , Singh Surjit 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The immunological response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine may be suboptimal in children with celiac disease (CD), but the reasons for this are not well defined.

Objectives:
This study was undertaken to assess the immune response to HBV vaccine in CD children and to explore the possible factors affecting the immune response.

Methods:
The study population consisted of 3 groups—50 newly diagnosed CD children (group 1), 50 previously diagnosed CD children who were on gluten free diet (GFD) >3 months (group 2), and 100 age and gender matched healthy controls (group 3). The patient characteristics were recorded, and the blood samples were analyzed for HBsAg and anti-HBs titers. The nonresponders were given a booster dose of HBV vaccine and reevaluated after 6 weeks.

Results:
Positive anti-HBs response was found in 46% in newly diagnosed CD children, 60% in CD children on GFD, and 83% in healthy controls (P < 0.001). The immune response to HBV vaccine in CD children was inferior to that in healthy children (53% vs 83%, P < 0.001). The immune response was found to be significantly affected by age at diagnosis, delay in diagnosis, type of presentation, and compliance to GFD. 44 out of 45 (97.77%) nonresponders from CD group seroconverted after a single booster dose.

Conclusion:
Early diagnosis and good compliance to GFD may improve the immune response to HBV vaccine in CD children. Single additional booster dose is sufficient to attain optimal immune response.
Factors Associated With Symptomatic Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Grusky Alan Z. , Song Amos , Kim Peter , Ayers Gregory D. , Higgins Laurence D. , Kuhn John E. , Baumgarten Keith M. , Matzkin Elizabeth , Jain Nitin B. 
Published: January 2021

Objective
Although rotator cuff tear is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, its etiology is poorly understood. We assessed factors associated with the presence of rotator cuff tears in a cohort of patients with shoulder pain.

Design
From February 2011 to July 2016, a longitudinal cohort of patients with shoulder pain was recruited. Patients completed a detailed questionnaire in addition to a magnetic resonance imaging scan and a clinical shoulder evaluation. The association of multiple factors associated with rotator cuff tears was assessed using multivariate logistic regression.

Results
In our cohort of 266 patients, 61.3% of patients had a rotator cuff tear. Older age (per 1 yr: odds ratio = 1.03, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.07), involvement of the dominant shoulder (odds ratio = 2.02, 95% confidence interval = 1.16–3.52), and a higher body mass index (per 1 kg/m2: odds ratio = 1.06, 95% confidence interval = 1.03–1.12) were independently associated with rotator cuff tears. Sex, depression, smoking status, shoulder use at work, hypertension, and diabetes were not significantly associated with rotator cuff tear.

Conclusions
In a cohort of patients with shoulder pain, we identified older age, involvement of the dominant shoulder, and a higher body mass index to be independently associated with rotator cuff tear. The mechanism of how these factors possibly lead to rotator cuff tears needs further research.

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CME Objectives
Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Identify factors associated with an increased risk of developing rotator cuff tears in adults; (2) Describe the current epidemiological trends of rotator cuff tears in the United States; and (3) Discuss the pathophysiological role of aging in the development of nontraumatic rotator cuff tears.

Level
Advanced

Accreditation
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