bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of trained immunity by influenza vaccination - impact on COVID-19
Authors: Debisarun Priya A. , Gössling Katharina L. , Bulut Ozlem , Kilic Gizem , Zoodsma Martijn , Liu Zhaoli , Oldenburg Marina , Rüchel Nadine , Zhang Bowen , Xu Cheng-Jian , Struycken Patrick , Koeken Valerie A.C.M. , Domínguez-Andrés Jorge , Moorlag Simone J.C.F.M. , Taks Esther , Ostermann Philipp N. , Müller Lisa , Schaal Heiner , Adams Ortwin , Borkhardt Arndt , Oever Jaap ten , van Crevel Reinout , Li Yang , Netea Mihai G. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTNon-specific protective effects of certain vaccines have been reported, and long-term boosting of innate immunity, termedtrained immunity, has been proposed as one of the mechanisms mediating these effects. Several epidemiological studies suggested cross-protection between influenza vaccination and COVID-19. In a large academic Dutch hospital, we found that SARS-CoV-2 infection was less common among employees who had received a previous influenza vaccination: relative risk reductions of 37% and 49% were observed following influenza vaccination during the first and second COVID-19 waves, respectively. The quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine induced a trained immunity program that boosted innate immune responses against various viral stimuli and fine-tuned the anti-SARS-CoV-2 response, which may result in better protection against COVID-19. Influenza vaccination led to transcriptional reprogramming of monocytes and reduced systemic inflammation. These epidemiological and immunological data argue for potential benefits of influenza vaccination against COVID-19, and future randomized trials are warranted to test this possibility.
Infant Vaccination Does Not Predict Increased Infant Mortality Rate: Correcting Past Misinformation
Authors: Nysetvold Ella , Mika Tess , Elison Weston , Garrett Daniel , Hunt Justin , Tsuchiya Inori , Brugger S William , Davis Mary F , Payne Samuel H , Bailey Elizabeth G 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDespite extensive scientific research supporting the safety and effectiveness of approved vaccines, debates about their use continue in the public sphere. A paper prominently circulated on social media concluded that countries requiring more infant vaccinations have higher infant mortality rates (IMR), which has serious public health implications. However, inappropriate data exclusion and other statistical flaws in that paper merit a closer examination of this correlation. We re-analyzed the original data used in Miller and Goldman’s study to investigate the relationship between vaccine doses and IMR. We show that the sub-sample of 30 countries used in the original paper was an unlikely random sample from the entire dataset, as the correlation coefficient of 0.49 reported in that study would only arise about 1 in 100,000 times from random sampling. If we investigate only countries with high or very high development, human development index explains the variability in IMR, and vaccine dose number does not. Next, we show IMR as a function of countries’ actual vaccination rates, rather than vaccination schedule, and show a strong negative correlation between vaccination rates and IMR. Finally, we analyze United States IMR data as a function of Hepatitis B vaccination rate to show an example of increased vaccination rates corresponding with reduced infant death over time. From our analyses, it is clear that vaccination does not predict higher IMR as previously reported.
KMSubtraction: Reconstruction of unreported subgroup survival data utilizing published Kaplan-Meier survival curves
Authors: Zhao Joseph J. , Syn Nicholas L. , Tan Benjamin Kye Jyn , Yap Dominic Wei Ting , Teo Chong Boon , Chan Yiong Huak , Sundar Raghav 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDData from certain subgroups of clinical interest may not be presented in primary manuscripts or conference abstract presentations. In an effort to enable secondary data analyses, we propose a workflow to retrieve unreported subgroup survival data from published Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves.METHODSWe developed KMSubtraction, an R-package that retrieves patients from unreported subgroups by matching participants on KM curves of the overall cohort to participants on KM curves of a known subgroup with follow-up time. By excluding matched patients, the opposing unreported subgroup may be retrieved. Reproducibility and limits of error of the KMSubtraction workflow were assessed by comparing unmatched patients against the original survival data of subgroups from published datasets and simulations. Monte Carlo simulations were utilized to evaluate the effect of the reported subgroup proportion, missing data, censorship proportion in the overall and subgroup cohort, sample size and number-at-risk table intervals on the limits of error of KMSubtraction. 3 matching algorithms were explored – minimal cost bipartite matching, Mahalanobis distance matching, and nearest neighbor matching by logistic regression.RESULTSThe validation exercise found no material systematic error and demonstrates the robustness of KMSubtraction in deriving unreported subgroup survival data. Limits of error were small and negligible on marginal Cox proportional hazard models comparing reconstructed and original survival data of unreported subgroups. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that datasets with high reported subgroup proportion (r=0.467, p<0.001), small dataset size (r=-0.374, p<0.001) and high proportion of missing data in the unreported subgroup (r=0.553, p<0.001) were associated with uncertainty are likely to yield high limits of error with KMSubtraction.CONCLUSIONWhile KMSubtraction demonstrates robustness in deriving survival data from unreported subgroups, the implementation of KMSubtraction should take into consideration the aforementioned limitations. The limits of error of KMSubtraction, as reflected by the mean |ln(HR)| from converged Monte Carlo simulations may guide the interpretation of reconstructed survival data of unreported subgroups.
Prediction and action in cortical pain processing
Authors: Koppel Lina , Novembre Giovanni , Kämpe Robin , Savallampi Mattias , Morrison India 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPredicting that a stimulus is painful facilitates action to avoid harm. But how distinct are the neural processes underlying the prediction of upcoming painful events, and those taking action to avoid or prevent them? In this fMRI experiment, we addressed this by investigating brain activity as a function of current and predicted painful or nonpainful thermal stimulation, and the ability of voluntary action to affect the duration of the upcoming stimulation. Participants (n= 30) performed a task which involved the administration of a painful or nonpainful stimulus (S1), which predicted an immediately subsequent very painful or nonpainful stimulus (S2). Onaction-effectivetrials, pressing a response button within a specified time window during S1 reduced the duration of the upcoming stimulation in S2. Onaction-ineffectivetrials, pressing the button had no effect on upcoming stimulation. Predicted pain increased activation in regions including anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), midcingulate cortex (MCC), and insula; however, activation in ACC and MCC depended on whether a meaningful action was performed, with MCC activation showing a direct relationship with motor output. Region-of-interest analyses revealed that insula’s responses for predicted pain were also modulated by potential action consequences, especially in the left hemisphere, albeit without a direct relationship with motor output. Taken together, these findings suggest that cortical pain processing is not specifically tied to the sensory stimulus, but instead depends on the consequences of that stimulus for sensorimotor control of behavior.Significance statementDuring acute pain, the processing of an acute sensory event likely occurs in parallel with predictive processing about its relevance for current and upcoming voluntary behavior. Here, we temporally separated the functional processes underlying current and predicted pain and found that activation in regions typically implicated in acute pain is modulated both by the noxious nature of upcoming events and by the possibility to affect those events via voluntary action (a button press). Our findings suggest that cortical pain processing is not specifically tied to the sensory stimulus, but instead is processed in “consequence-level” terms based on what the stimulus implies for sensorimotor control of behavior.
Metallothionein-2A protect Cardiomyocytes from Ischemia/Reperfusion through inhibiting p38
Authors: Zhao Ying , Huang Xiaoli , Lei Yuanlin , Li Jike 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe resumption of coronary artery blood supply is often accompanied by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury after the occurrence of myocardial infarction, shock, cardiac surgery and other events. Metallothionein-2A (MT2A) has the functions of scavenging free radicals, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, anti-autophagy, promoting vascular growth. The activation of p38 MAPK pathway can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes during I/R, thereby aggravating the myocardial I/R injury. However, it is not clear that the effect of MT2A on p38 in cardiomyocytes under I/R. A simulated I/R model was used. Our objective was to investigate the protective effect of MT2A on I/R-caused mortality in H9c2 cardiomyocytes through its influence on p38, as well as the relationships among these processes. The results indicate that both endogenously overexpressed MT2A and exogenously added MT2A can inhibit the active expression of p38 during I/R. Based on these results, I/R induces apoptosis and p-p38 in cardiomyocytes. MT2A can inhibit the active expression of p38. MT2A protects cardiomyocytes from I/R injury, and that p38 is one of the molecules of MT2A against I/R injury in cardiomyocytes.
Distinct, opposing functions for CFIm59 and CFIm68 in mRNA alternative polyadenylation of Pten and in the PI3K/Akt signalling cascade
Authors: Tseng Hsin-Wei , Mota-Sydor Anthony , Leventis Rania , Topisirovic Ivan , Duchaine Thomas F. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThe precise maintenance of PTEN dosage is crucial for tumor suppression across a wide variety of cancers. Post-transcriptional regulation of Pten heavily relies on regulatory elements encoded by its 3’UTR. We previously reported the important diversity of 3’UTR isoforms of Pten mRNAs produced through alternative polyadenylation (APA). Here, we reveal the direct regulation of Pten APA by the mammalian cleavage factor I (CFIm) complex, which in turn contributes to PTEN protein dosage. CFIm consists of the UGUA-binding CFIm25 and APA regulatory subunits CFIm59 or CFIm68. Deep sequencing analyses of perturbed (KO and KD) cell lines uncovered the differential regulation of Pten APA by CFIm59 and CFIm68 and further revealed that their divergent functions have widespread impact for APA in transcriptomes. Differentially regulated genes include numerous factors within the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signalling pathway that PTEN counter-regulates. We further reveal a stratification of APA dysregulation among a subset of PTEN-driven cancers, with recurrent alterations among PI3K/Akt pathway genes regulated by CFIm. Our results refine the transcriptome selectivity of the CFIm complex in APA regulation, and the breadth of its impact in PTEN-driven cancers.
The evolution of sustainable innovation: from the past to the future
Authors: Afeltra Giovanna , Alerasoul Sayed Alireza , Strozzi Fernanda 
Published: September 2021

PurposeOver the last few decades, more emphasis has been placed on those innovations that can reconcile economic, social and environmental goals in order to achieve a “win-win-win” situation. This paper aims to systematise the scientific literature on Sustainable Innovation as a broad field in order to identify the most relevant scholars and their significant contributions as well as existing lines of research. Finally, future research directions are suggested.Design/methodology/approachA novel methodology, the Systematic Literature Network Analysis, has been applied. By using a dynamic approach to the traditional Systematic Literature Review, the present review investigates the creation, transfer, and development of knowledge throughout the epistemic community of Sustainable Innovation.FindingsStarting from a sample of 1,108 articles, the critical assessment of the results detected five main themes: (1) “the role of Regulation, Market and Technology”; (2) “Eco-Innovation determinants and firm specific factors and the debate between corporate environmental performance and corporate financial performance”; (3) “Green innovation and internal and external drivers”; (4) “The strategic determinants of green (non-green) innovation”; (5) “The interplay between policy, regulations and the green innovation”.Practical implicationsFrom a practitioner's perspective, this study provides an objective view on the current internal, external drivers and strategic determinants of sustainability-oriented innovations and relevant studies that can guide managers in their decision-making processes and enhance sustainable innovation performance.Originality/valueThis study is a first attempt to unveil the evolution of knowledge in the field of sustainable innovation by utilizing bibliometric tools.
The role of women's leadership in environmental NGOs' online accountability
Authors: Saraite-Sariene Laura , Galán-Valdivieso Federico , Alonso-Cañadas Juana , García-Tabuyo Manuela 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe role of female managers has been of increasing interest among scholars in recent years, especially regarding sustainability issues. The same could be said about the usefulness of social media in non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in demonstrating accountability to their stakeholders and attracting and keeping donors and volunteers. This paper aims to meet both research interests by analyzing to what extent women in top positions can foster stakeholders' engagement via social media.Design/methodology/approachOnline engagement can be proxied using data from social media to develop a measure that summarizes the main actions social media users are able to use in order to show their reactions to social media publications. Facebook data were obtained using proprietary software (Facebook data model) developed by the research team to carry out data massive extraction, processing and exploration.FindingsThe results of the multivariate analysis show that female leadership in both top and environmental-specific positions enhance social media engagement, while a higher percentage of women on the board of directors exert the opposite effect.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is not without limitations. First, this research is focused on a specific type of non-governmental organization (environmental NGO). Second, this study does not include economic variables such as donation income or expense structure. Third, data come only from Facebook as the leading social network.Originality/valueThis paper advances in the scarce knowledge about the role of women and the levels of online engagement (interactive conversations) in NGOs focused on sustainability.
The relationship of ocular parameters with clinical parameters and disease‐related quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kaymaz Serdar , Halil Yılmaz , Kaya Hüseyin , Karasu Ugur , Cobankara Veli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate choroidal thickness (CT), corneal parameters, and scleral thickness (ST) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to determine their relationship with disease‐related quality of life (QoL).MethodsThe study included 38 patients with SSc and 40 healthy controls. A detailed ocular examination was performed on all participants. Corneal parameters such as K1, K2, Km, corneal volume (CV), central corneal thickness (CCT), and ST at a distance of 1000, 2000, and 3000 μm from the scleral spur were measured. CT was measured at five points, including the subfoveal area and the temporal and nasal points at radii of 750.0 and 1500.0 μm. The scleroderma health assessment questionnaire (SHAQ) was administered to SSc patients to investigate the disease‐related QoL.ResultsIndividuals with SSc had thicker ST at all distances from the scleral spur (P=0.008, P=0.001, P=0.002, respectively). All corneal parameters were significantly lower in the SSc group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, SSc patients had significantly lower median CT at N750.0, N1500.0, T750.0, and T1500.0 points and thinner subfoveal CT than healthy controls (P < 0.05). There was a weak‐moderate negative correlation between ST and the components of the SHAQ scale and SHAQ‐global.ConclusionDespite not having ocular involvement, SSc patients had thicker ST but thinner CT and corneal parameters than healthy controls. This may indicate subclinical inflammation in patients with SSc. Only ST was affected by organ involvement and QoL among the ocular parameters.
Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in women who are obese and give birth by elective caesarean section: A secondary analysis
Authors: Chaboyer Wendy , Ellwood David , Thalib Lukman , Kumar Sailesh , Mahomed Kassam , Kang Evelyn , Gillespie Brigid M. 
Published: September 2021

Background:Surgical site infection (SSI) after a caesarean section is of concern (CS) is of concern to both clinicians and women themselves.Aims:The aim of this study is to identify the cumulative incidence and predictors of SSI in women who are obese and give birth by elective CS.Materials and Methods:The method used was planned secondary analysis of data from women with a pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 giving birth by elective CS in a multicentre randomised controlled trial of a prophylactic closed‐incision negative pressure wound therapy dressing. Data were collected from medical records, direct observations of the surgical site and self‐reported signs and symptoms from October 2015 to December 2019. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition was used to identify SSI. Women were followed up once in hospital just before discharge and then weekly for four weeks after discharge. Blinded outcome assessors determined SSI. After the cumulative incidence of SSI was calculated, multiple variable logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for SSI.Results:SSI incidence in 1459 women was 8.4% (122/1459). Multiple variable‐adjusted odds ratios (OR) for SSI were BMI ≥40 kg/m2 (OR 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30–1.86) as compared to BMI 30–34.9 0 kg/m2, ≥2 previous pregnancies (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.00–1.80) as compared to no previous pregnancies and pre‐CS vaginal cleansing (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.33–0.99).Conclusions:Our findings may inform preoperative counselling and shared decision‐making regarding planned elective CS for women with pre‐pregnancy BMI ≥30 kg/m2.
Causal Inference with Latent Treatments
Authors: Fong Christian , Grimmer Justin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSocial scientists are interested in the effects of low‐dimensional latent treatments within texts, such as the effect of an attack on a candidate in a political advertisement. We provide a framework for causal inference with latent treatments in high‐dimensional interventions. Using this framework, we show that the randomization of texts alone is insufficient to identify the causal effects of latent treatments, because other unmeasured treatments in the text could confound the measured treatment's effect. We provide a set of assumptions that is sufficient to identify the effect of latent treatments and a set of strategies to make these assumptions more plausible, including explicitly adjusting for potentially confounding text features and nontraditional experimental designs involving many versions of the text. We apply our framework to a survey experiment and an observational study, demonstrating how our framework makes text‐based causal inferences more credible.
Letter: is wireless oesophageal pH monitoring the best technique to evaluate night‐time reflux?
Authors: Ribolsi Mentore , Savarino Edoardo 
Published: September 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Oude Nijhuis et al and Schuitenmaker et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16447 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16586
Pregabalin poisoning: Evaluation of dose‐toxicity relationship
Authors: Rietjens Saskia J. , Sikma Maaike A. , Hunault Claudine C. , de Lange Dylan W. , Hondebrink Laura 
Published: September 2021

ContextPregabalin poisoning is mostly benign, although coma and convulsions occasionally occur.AimTo determine the dose‐toxicity relationship of pregabalin.MethodsDose‐toxicity data of isolated pregabalin poisonings were collected from (1) a prospective study performed by the Dutch Poisons Information Centre (4 April 2014 to 4 October 2016) and from (2) case reports and case series reported in literature. Poisonings were graded using the Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) and the relationship between dose (mg kg−1) and PSS was evaluated.ResultsIn our study (n = 21 patients), the most commonly observed symptoms were drowsiness (62%), confusion (29%) and apathy (24%). PSS was none in three (14%), minor in 15 (71%), and moderate in three patients (14%). Most case series also reported a PSS of none to minor in the majority of poisonings (69‐100%). For 34 individual patients (21 from our study and 13 from literature), detailed data on dose and clinical course were available to examine the dose‐toxicity relationship.The median dose was significantly lower in the PSS none‐minor group (“benign”) (8.6 mg kg−1, interquartile range (IQ25‐75) 5.0‐17.6 mg kg−1) than in the PSS moderate‐severe group (“significant toxicity”) (46.7 mg kg−1, IQ25‐75 21.3‐64.3 mg kg−1); estimate of the median difference = 27.3 mg kg−1 (95% confidence interval (CI): 10‐48.6).ConclusionsIn general, higher pregabalin doses result in more severe poisonings. Below 20 mg kg−1 the majority of patients (83%) only suffer from mild poisoning. However, large interindividual differences exist in pregabalin‐induced toxicity. Therefore, pre‐hospital triage should not only include pregabalin dose, but also underlying illnesses, co‐exposures and reported symptoms.
Prescription opioid use in Australian women of reproductive age: Implications for unplanned pregnancies
Authors: Varney Bianca , Zoega Helga , Gillies Malcolm Bjørn , Brett Jonathan , Pearson Sallie‐Anne , Havard Alys 
Published: September 2021

AimsTo examine trends in the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australian women of reproductive age and to estimate the number of calendar months each year that women were dispensed opioids.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross‐sectional study involving women aged 15–44 years using pharmaceutical dispensing claims for a 10% random sample of Australians. For the period 2013–2020, we calculated the annual prevalence and incidence of opioid analgesic dispensing per 100 (%) population by opioid type and age group. We also estimated the total number of calendar months that women were dispensed at least 1 opioid each year.ResultsThe prevalence of opioid use decreased from 12.8% in 2013 to 11.3% in 2020, representing a relative decrease of 11.6% (95% confidence interval 10.7, 12.6%). The incidence of opioid use decreased from 10.3% in 2014 to 8.3% in 2020, representing a relative decrease of 18.6% (95% confidence interval 17.6, 19.6%). Codeine in combination products, followed by oxycodone and tramadol, were the most prevalent opioids. Prevalence and incidence of opioid use were lowest in women aged 15–19 years and the highest in women 30 years and above. Among all women dispensed opioids, 72.7% were dispensed an opioid in only 1 month each year.ConclusionPrescription opioid use remains common, although decreasing, among women of reproductive age in Australia. However, it is reassuring that the majority of opioid use in this population is short term.