bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine versus placebo for hand osteoarthritis: economic evaluation of the HERO trial
Authors: Ronaldson Sarah J , Keding Ada , Tharmanathan Puvan , Arundel Catherine , Kingsbury Sarah R , Conaghan Philip G , Torgerson David J 
Published: August 2021

Background: An economic evaluation alongside the Hydroxychloroquine Effectiveness in Reducing symptoms of hand Osteoarthritis (HERO) trial was undertaken to assess the cost-effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine compared with placebo for symptomatic treatment of hand osteoarthritis for patients with at least moderate hand pain and inadequate response to current therapies. Methods: A trial-based cost–utility analysis was undertaken from the perspective of the UK National Health Service and Personal Social Services over a 12-month time horizon, using evidence from 248 participants included in the HERO trial, conducted in England. Patient-level data were collected prospectively over a 12-month period, using participant-completed questionnaires and investigator forms, to collect healthcare utilisation, costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) using the EQ-5D-5L. The base-case analysis was conducted on an intention-to-treat basis and used multiple imputation methods to deal with missing data. Results were presented in terms of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (incremental cost per QALY) and net health benefit, with uncertainty surrounding the findings explored using cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Results: The base-case analysis estimated slightly lower costs on average (−£11.80; 95% confidence interval (CI) −£15.60 to −£8.00) and marginally fewer QALYs (−0.0052; 95% CI −0.0057 to −0.0047) for participants in the hydroxychloroquine group versus placebo group at 12 months. The resulting incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £2,267 per QALY lost indicated that although costs were saved, health-related quality of life was lost. Even assuming symmetrical preferences regarding losses and gains for health benefits, the findings do not fall within the cost-effective region. Similar findings arose for analyses conducted from the societal perspective and using complete cases only. Conclusions: This economic evaluation indicates that hydroxychloroquine is unlikely to provide a cost-effective pain relief option for improving health-related quality of life in adult patients with moderate-to-severe hand osteoarthritis.
Handlungsempfehlungen für die Gestaltung mobiler Apps in smarten und nachhaltigen Quartieren
Authors: Bonenberger Lukas , Graf-Drasch Valerie , Meindl Oliver 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungAktuell stammen zwei Drittel der weltweiten Energienachfrage sowie 70 % aller CO2-Emissionen aus Städten. Diese Tatsache bietet ein hohes Potenzial für das Adressieren des Klimawandels durch gezielte Maßnahmen in urbanen Gebieten. Der Bau oder die Sanierung energieeffizienter Gebäude, innovative Mobilitätskonzepte, nachhaltige Energieversorgung oder Anreizmechanismen für Bürger:innen helfen, Städte nachhaltiger und klimafreundlicher zu gestalten. Die dafür benötigten Services können digital durch sogenannte mobile Quartiers-Apps unterstützt und abgebildet werden. Mobile Quartiers-Apps helfen Bürger:innen ihr alltägliches Verhalten klimabewusster zu gestalten, können klassische Services digital abbilden und die Bürger:innen untereinander vernetzen. Bestehende mobile Quartiers-Apps sind meist individuell auf ein Stadtquartier zugeschnitten und adressieren ein Ziel aus den Bereichen Nachhaltigkeit, Services oder Soziales. Dieser Artikel stellt alle Zielbereiche von mobilen Quartiers-Apps auf eine generische Ebene und präsentiert neun Handlungsempfehlungen, die Städteplaner:innen bei der Konzeption und Entwicklung von mobilen Quartiers-Apps unterstützen sollen. Die Handlungsempfehlungen beleuchten die Dimensionen Benutzerzentriertheit, Datenschutz und Wirtschaftlichkeit. Alle diese Dimensionen greifen bei der Entwicklung von mobilen Quartiers-Apps ineinander und sollten für einen erfolgreichen Betrieb berücksichtigt werden. Der Artikel beschreibt die Umsetzung der Handlungsempfehlungen exemplarisch am Beispiel der Quartiers-App aus dem Verbundforschungsprojekt Stadtquartier 2050. In diesem Projekt sollen die Bewohner:innen zweier Demonstrationsquartiere in Deutschland klimaneutral mit Energie versorgt werden. Die App unterstützt dieses Projektziel durch die Bereitstellung von Werkzeugen zur Analyse und zum Benchmarking des Energiekonsumverhaltens der Benutzer:innen sowie die Information und Schulung der Bewohner:innen der Quartiere zu klimabewussterem Leben und Wohnen.
Paper-based ELISA diagnosis technology for human brucellosis based on a multiepitope fusion protein
Authors: Yin Dehui , Bai Qiongqiong , Wu Xiling , Li Han , Shao Jihong , Sun Mingjun , Jiang Hai , Zhang Jingpeng 
Published: August 2021

Background
Brucellosis, as a serious zoonotic infectious disease, has been recognized as a re-emerging disease in the developing countries worldwide. In china, the incidence of brucellosis is increasing each year, seriously threatening the health of humans as well as animal populations. Despite a quite number of diagnostic methods currently being used for brucellosis, innovative technologies are still needed for its rapid and accurate diagnosis, especially in area where traditional diagnostic is unavailable.

Methodology/Principal findings
In this study, a total of 22 B cell linear epitopes were predicted from five Brucella outer membrane proteins (OMPs) using an immunoinformatic approach. These epitopes were then chemically synthesized, and with the method of indirect ELISA (iELISA), each of them displayed a certain degree of capability in identifying human brucellosis positive sera. Subsequently, a fusion protein consisting of the 22 predicted epitopes was prokaryotically expressed and used as diagnostic antigen in a newly established brucellosis testing method, nano-ZnO modified paper-based ELISA (nano-p-ELISA). According to the verifying test using a collection of sera collected from brucellosis and non-brucellosis patients, the sensitivity and specificity of multiepitope based nano-p-ELISA were 92.38% and 98.35% respectively. The positive predictive value was 98.26% and the negative predictive value was 91.67%. The multiepitope based fusion protein also displayed significantly higher specificity than Brucella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen.

Conclusions
B cell epitopes are important candidates for serologically testing brucellosis. Multiepitope fusion protein based nano-p-ELISA displayed significantly sensitivity and specificity compared to Brucella LPS antigen. The strategy applied in this study will be helpful to develop rapid and accurate diagnostic method for brucellosis in human as well as animal populations.
Significance of descriptive symptoms and signs and clinical parameters as predictors of neuropathic cancer pain
Authors: Baek Sun Kyung , Shin Sang Won , Koh Su-Jin , Kim Jung Han , Kim Hyo Jung , Shim Byoung Yong , Kang Seok Yun , Bae Sang Byung , Yun Hwan Jung , Sym Sun Jin , Han Hye Sook , Gil Ha Yeong 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Evaluation of symptoms and signs for the management of neuropathic cancer pain (NCP) is challenging. This study aimed to identify clinical predictors of NCP and symptoms and signs most relevant of those in Korean patients.

Methods
This nationwide, descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter, observational study included 2,003 cancer patients aged ≥20 years who reported a visual analog scale (VAS) score ≥1 for pain and provided informed consent for participation. The Douleur Neuropathic (DN4) questionnaire (score ≥4) was used to determine symptoms and signs as well as the presence of NCP.

Results
The prevalence of NCP was associated with age <65 years [OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.270–1.934], disease duration >6 months (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.232–2.012), stage IV cancer (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.593–0.955), history of chemotherapy (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.225–2.472), and moderate-to-severe cancer pain (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.671–2.524) after multivariate analysis. The most common descriptive symptoms of NCP were tingling, electric shock, and pins and needles. For NCP patients in the presence or absence of the clinical predictors, pins and needles (p = 0.001) and painful cold (p<0.001) symptoms were significantly frequent in patients with moderate-to-severe pain. Tingling, numbness, and touch hypoesthesia (p = 0.022, 0.033, 0.024, respectively) were more frequent in those with longer cancer duration and hyperesthesia (p = 0.024) was more frequent in young patients.

Conclusion
Age <65 years, disease duration >6 months, stage IV cancer, history of chemotherapy, and moderate-to-severe cancer pain, were identified as predictors of NCP. Some symptoms and signs of NCP were associated with these predictors. Further studies are warranted on the pathogenesis and management of NCP with respect to the symptoms and signs, and factors associated with pain severity in Korean patients.
Characteristics of fish-bone foreign bodies in the upper aero-digestive tract: The importance of identifying the species of fish
Authors: Shishido Tadahisa , Suzuki Jun , Ikeda Ryoukichi , Kobayashi Yuta , Katori Yukio 
Published: August 2021

Background
Fish bones are common foreign bodies in the upper aero-digestive tract, but their clinical features in relation to fish species have not been confirmed. We aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of fish-bone foreign bodies and their location and removal methods depending on the fish species.

Study design
Retrospective, observational, monocentric study.

Methods
From October 2015 to May 2020, 368 patients visited the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Tohoku University Hospital complaining of dysphagia, sore throat, or pharyngeal discomfort after eating fish. We analyzed the patients’ sex and age distribution, foreign-body location, type of the fish, and the techniques used for removing the foreign body.

Results
Fish bones were confirmed in the upper aero-digestive tract in 270 cases (73.4%), of which 236 (87.4%) involved fish-bone foreign bodies in the mesopharynx. The most frequently involved site was the palatine tonsil (n = 170). Eel was the most frequently observed fish species (n = 39), followed by mackerel (n = 33), salmon (n = 33), horse mackerel (n = 30), and flounder (n = 30). Among the 240 cases in which the bones did not spontaneously dislocate, 109 (45.4%) were treated by endoscopic removal (103 cases) or surgery (6 cases). In pediatric cases (<12 years old), almost all fish bones were found in the mesopharynx (138/139, 99.3%), and 31 cases (22.3%) required endoscopic removal. Flounder fish bones were often lodged in the hypopharynx and esophagus (9/30, 30%), hindering spontaneous dislocation and frequently necessitating endoscopic or surgical removal (19/29, 65.5%).

Conclusion
The characteristics of fish-bone foreign bodies differed depending on the fish species. Flounder bones were often stuck in the hypopharynx and esophagus and were likely to require more invasive removal methods. Confirming the species of the fish could facilitate appropriate diagnosis and treatment of fish-bone foreign bodies.
Resolução do Problema de Estacionamento Paralelo em Tempo Mínimo Utilizando um Novo Pacote de Otimização: COPILOTS
Authors: Lobato Fran Sérgio , Iasbeck Arthur Henrique , Assis Pedro Augusto Queiroz de 
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar o COPILOTS (BasiC OPtImaLCOnTrol Solver), um pacote proposto para resolução
de Problemas de Controle Ótimo (PCOs) baseado nos Métodos Diretos, de fácil utilização e ideal para usuários com
pouca ou nenhuma experiência na resolução de PCOs. Em linhas gerais, a ferramenta proposta realiza a discretização dos controles via colocação trapezoidal ou colocação Hermite-Simpson, ao passo que empregam-se polinômios cúbicos na interpolação dos estados. Com efeito, o problema original (algébrico-diferencial) é transformado em um puramente algébrico, que é resolvido considerando o SQP (Sequential Quadratic Programming). Para fins de validação, o COPILOTS foi empregado na determinação da trajetória de tempo mínimo a ser percorrida por um veículo na execução de uma manobra de estacionamento paralelo e um novo algoritmo para inicialização dos estados e controles foi proposto de forma a minimizar o esforço computacional despendido. Os resultados demonstram que o pacote proposto configura-se como uma alternativa para a resolução de PCOs.
“The Great Game of Hide and Seek Has Worked”: Suzanne Césaire, Cultural Marronnage, and a Caribbean Mosaic of Gendered Race Consciousness around World War II
Authors: Boittin Jennifer Anne 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cet article analyse la résistance culturelle dans les Caraïbes autour de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Se basant sur les écrits de Suzanne Roussi Césaire pour la revue Tropiques (1941–1945), sous le régime de Vichy en Martinique, mais s’inspirant aussi de son travail pour la revue, tel l’obtention du papier nécessaire pour l’imprimer, cet article propose de reconnaître ses pratiques comme une forme de marronnage. En reconnaissant la part du marronnage dans ses tactiques, on peut mieux apprécier les liens étroits entre les Œuvres de Suzanne Roussi Césaire, et les activités d’autres femmes caribéennes tout au long de la première moitié du XXe siècle. En effet, ses pratiques de marronnage rejoignent celles de Suzanne Lacascade, des sŒurs Paulette et Jane Nardal, ou encore d’Annie Desroy. Ensemble, elles produisent au fil de plusieurs décennies une conscience de race genrée, une mosaïque faite des histoires et mémoires de l’esclavage, de la colonisation et de la dissidence, et qui cumulera dans la décolonisation d’après-guerre.
A big data framework for E-Government in Industry 4.0
Authors: Long Cu Kim , Agrawal Rashmi , Trung Ha Quoc , Pham Hai Van 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The next generation of E-Government and healthcare has the potential to increase the more intelligent governance with improvements in transparency, accountability, efficiency, and effectiveness. It enables organizations to use the benefits of information via big data analysis to settle the difficulties effectively. Big Data has emerged which plays a significant role in many sectors around the world. Global trends in taking advantage of the benefits from big data are considered with an overview of the US, European Union, and several developing countries. To deeply understand the utilization of big data in several domains, this study has presented a brief survey of key concepts (such as IoT-enabled data, blockchain-enabled data, and intelligent systems data) to deeply understand the utilization of big data in several domains. Our analysis sets out also the similarities and differences in these concepts. We have also surveyed state-of-the-art technologies including cloud computing, multi-cloud, webservice, and microservice which are used to exploit potential benefits of big data analytics. Furthermore, some typical big data frameworks are surveyed and a big data framework for E-Government is also proposed. Open research questions and challenges are highlighted (for researchers and developers) following our review. Our goal in presenting the novel concepts presented in this article is to promote creative ideas in the research endeavor to perform efficaciously next-generation E-Government in the context of Industry 4.0.
Reassessing the Role of Parthia and Rome in the Origins of the First Romano-Parthian War (56/5–50 BCE)
Authors: Overtoom Nikolaus Leo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article reevaluates the origins of the First Romano-Parthian War (56/5–50 BCE) to better understand the different perspectives, policies, and objectives of the various Parthian and Roman leaders in the early and middle 50 s that helped forge the great rivalry that emerged between Parthia and Rome. This article breaks from the dominate Rome-centric, anti-Crassus traditions concerning the investigation of the origins of this conflict. Centuries of anti-Crassus propaganda have led most scholars to discount or overlook the critical agency of the Parthians in the conflict and the serious implications of Gabinius’ actions in 56–55, while blaming Crassus for indefensible Roman aggression and greed. The propensity of modern scholarship to villainize and criticize Crassus follows ancient propaganda and stems in part from a lack of understanding of the geopolitical realities that Parthia and Rome faced in the middle 50 s. Further, this article challenges the misguided traditions that, first, describe the Parthians as feeble, passive, and duplicitous in their interactions with foreign powers and, second, that blame the incompetence or weakness of the Parthians’ enemies to explain their actions and successes. Indeed, the Parthians were important, active, and powerful agents in these events, something often obscured or overlooked because of the inherent Roman focus and bias of the Graeco-Roman literary tradition and modern scholarship.
Internal Structure and Heat Conduction in Rigid Solids: A Two-Temperature Approach
Authors: Gonzalez-Narvaez Ruth Estephania , López de Haro Mariano , Vázquez Federico 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A non-Fourier thermal transport regime characterizes the heat conduction in solids with internal structure. Several thermodynamic theories attempt to explain the separation from the Fourier regime in such kind of systems. Here we develop a two-temperature model to describe the non-Fourier regime from the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The basic assumption is the existence of two well-separated length scales in the system, namely, one related with the matrix dimension (bulk) and the other with the characteristic length of the internal structure. Two Fourier type coupled transport equations are obtained for the temperatures which describe the heat conduction in each of the length scales. Recent experimental results from several groups on the thermal response of different structured materials are satisfactorily reproduced by using the coupling parameter as a fitting parameter. The similarities and differences of the present formalism with other theories are discussed.
Armed Conflict and Early Childhood Development in 12 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Goto Ryunosuke , Frodl Thomas , Skokauskas Norbert 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES
Despite 1 in 10 children being affected by armed conflicts, there is limited evidence on the effects of conflicts on early childhood development (ECD), an important Sustainable Development Goals indicator. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between exposure to conflicts and ECD.

METHODS
We conducted a multinational observational study using population-based data on 27 538 children 36 to 59 months old from Demographic and Health Surveys from 12 low- and middle-income countries merged with prospective data on conflicts from Uppsala Conflict Data Program. We estimated the association between 1 to 5 consecutive years of exposure to conflicts within 50 km and ECD after inverse probability of treatment weighting. Mediators of the relationship between conflicts and ECD were identified. We also estimated the association between conflicts and individual domains of ECD.

RESULTS
Exposure to conflicts was associated with a 5.9% decrease (95% confidence interval −7.5% to −4.3%) in the probability of a child being developmentally on track from the first year of exposure. This was compounded after the second year, with 5 consecutive years of exposure associated with a 10.4% decrease in the probability of a child being developmentally on track (95% confidence interval −13.7% to −7.2%). A lack of access to early childhood education was a significant mediator into the fifth year of exposure. Among individual ECD domains, socioemotional development was disproportionately impaired.

CONCLUSIONS
Exposure to nearby conflicts is associated with an increased probability of delayed ECD, especially with chronic exposure. Children in affected areas should be provided psychosocial support and early childhood education from an early stage.
Additive manufacturing of high-strength multiphase nanostructures in the binary Ni–Nb system for the discovery of new types of superalloys
Authors: Jones M. R. , DelRio F. W. , Pegues J. W. , Lu P. , Puckett R. , Bobbitt N. S. , Hardin T. J. , Chandross M. , Kustas A. B. , Argibay N. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Ni-based superalloys have been studied extensively due to their impressive mechanical properties, including strength and creep resistance at high temperatures. Growing interest surrounding additive manufacturing (AM) methods has led to recent investigations of alloys that are traditionally difficult to process, including Ni-based superalloys. Recent work has shown that AM methods enable high-throughput materials discovery and optimization of difficult- or impractical-to-process alloys, including those with high or even majority refractory element compositions. This work focuses on AM-enabled investigations of composition-dependent mechanical and microstructural properties for Ni–Nb binary alloys. Specifically, we report on the mechanical behavior of compositionally-graded NixNb1−x and uniform composition Ni59.5Nb40.5 specimens made with AM. The AM fabrication process resulted in extraordinarily high strength, attributed to the formation of a dual-phase microstructure consisting of δ-Ni3Nb and µ-Ni6Nb7 intermetallic compounds with nanostructured and multimodal grain size and eutectic lamellar spacing.

Graphic Abstract
Umbilical Cord Prolapse and Evaluation of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: SİMSEK Deniz , CANSEVEN Elif , ALTEKİN Yasin 
Published: August 2021

Aim
Umbilical cord prolapse(UCP) is the presence of the umbilical cord preceding ahead of the fetal presenting part with absent membranes through the cervical canal. Delayed delivery can even cause stillbirth. Despite improved obstetric care and liberal use of cesarean delivery, the incidence has not been decreased dramatically. The purpose of this study was to review the literature about umbilical cord prolapse and represent clinical experience to improve neonatal outcomes.
Material and Method
A retrospective cohort study was conducted between October 2016-December 2019. Patients who experienced UCP were evaluated in terms of antenatal care, risk factors for UCP, labor progress, and neonatal outcomes.Maternal and neonatal outcomes of these patients were compared with the women who underwent emergent cesarean delivery due to acute fetal distress(AFD).
Results
Forty-three pregnant women experienced UCP with an incidence of 11/10.000.The diagnosis was achieved by palpating the umbilical cord during the vaginal examination after detecting fetal bradycardia, severe deceleration or loss of reactivity in the Non-Stress Test. In two cases umbilical cord had seen in the vaginal introitus.The mean cervical dilatation of the patients was 5,4 cm.
The number of women who underwent emergent cesarean, recruited in the study was 255. The APGAR scores were similar.
Conclusion
Emergent cesarean delivery could improve neonatal outcomes in patients diagnosed with UCP. Fetal wellbeing monitorization, especially in the one hour from rupture of fetal membranes, provides remarkable clues for UCP diagnosis. To improve neonatal outcomes, there should be one available operating theatre for emergent circumstances and a pediatrician for neonatal resuscitation.
MANDİBULA METASTAZI İLE TANI ALAN NADİR BİR METASTATİK BERRAK HÜCRELİ RENAL HÜCRELİ KARSİNOM OLGUSU
Authors: DURAK Özlem , BAŞPINAR Şirin , YÜCEER Ramazan Oğuz , KOÇER Gülperi 
Published: August 2021

Renal hücreli karsinomların oral kaviteye metastazı
oldukça nadirdir. Burada mandibulada berrak hücreli
renal hücreli karsinom metastazı olan 77 yaşındaki
erkek olgu sunulacak ve baş boyun bölgesinde görülen
primer ve metastatik tümörlerin ayırıcı tanısı tartışılacaktır.