bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content in fish fillets using hyperspectral imaging coupled with deep learning neural network and meta-analysis
Authors: Moosavi-Nasab Marzieh , Khoshnoudi-Nia Sara , Azimifar Zohreh , Kamyab Shima 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecently, hyperspectral-imaging (HSI), as a rapid and non-destructive technique, has generated much interest due to its unique potential to monitor food quality and safety. The specific aim of the study is to investigate the potential of the HSI (430–1010 nm) coupled with Linear Deep Neural Network (LDNN) to predict the TVB-N content of rainbow trout fillet during 12 days storage at 4 ± 2 °C. After the acquisition of hyperspectral images, the TVB-N content of fish fillets was obtained by a conventional method (micro-Kjeldahl distillation). To simplify the calibration models, nine optimal wavelengths were selected by the successive projections algorithm. A seven layers LDNN was designed to estimate the TVB-N content of samples. The LDNN model showed acceptable performance for prediction of TVB-N content of fish fillet (R2p = 0.853; RSMEP = 3.159 and RDP = 3.001). The performance of LDNN model was comparable with the results of previous works. Although, the results of the meta-analysis did not show any significant difference between various chemometric models. However, the least-squares support vector machine algorithm showed better prediction results as compared to the other models (RMSEP: 2.63 and R2p = 0.897). Further studies are required to improve the prediction power of the deep learning model for prediction of rainbow-trout fish quality.
Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers with risk of mortality, severity or SARS-CoV-2 test positivity in COVID-19 patients: meta-analysis
Authors: Biswas Mohitosh , Kali Most. Sumaiya Khatun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in the treatment of COVID-19 are highly debated. This study was aimed to assess aggregated risk by investigating the association of ACEIs/ARBs users against non-users of ACEIs/ARBs with the risk of mortality or severe clinical manifestations or magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 test positivity in COVID-19 patients. Systematic literature search was carried out in different databases for eligible studies. The pooled relative risks (RRs) were measured using RevMan software where P<0.05 was set as statistical significance. In total, 10 studies were included in this analysis. After pooled estimation, it was demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 positive patients taking ACEIs/ARBs were not associated with an increased risk of mortality compared to those not taking ACEIs/ARBs (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.64–1.23; P=0.48). Furthermore, the risk of composite severe clinical manifestations was not significantly different between the positive patients with or without ACEIs/ARBs users (RR 1.29; 95% CI 0.81–2.04; P=0.28). There was no risk difference for SARS-CoV-2 test positivity in patients with or without ACEIs/ARBs users (RR 1.00; 95% CI 0.95–1.05; P=0.91). These findings may augment current professional society guidelines for not discontinuing ACEIs/ARBs in treating COVID-19 patients where it is clinically indicated.
Redefining the boundary between crystalline and sedimentary rock of Eastern Dahomey Basin
Authors: Mosuro Ganiyu O. , Adebisi Niyi-Ola , Ariyo Stephen O. , Omosanya Kamaldeen O. , Bayewu Olateju O. , Oloruntola Moroof O. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study defines a new boundary between the crystalline and sedimentary rocks of Eastern Dahomey Basin at the southwestern part of Nigeria using a geophysical approach that combines regional aeromagnetic and ground resistivity data. Aeromagnetic data covering the entire Eastern Dahomey Basin were acquired at 500 m line spacing, 80 m mean terrain, and processed into grids of Residual Magnetic Intensity (RMI) map. Filters and corrections such as upward continuation, and reduction to equator were applied to enhance deep magnetic sources and correct for magnetic inclination and declination. Tilt Derivative Angles (TDR) was applied for edge detection. To support the aeromagnetic analysis and interpretation, 104 Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) surveys and 8 Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) data were also acquired, processed and interpreted along the basement-sedimentary rock boundary. The TDR revealed a significant trend that corresponds to the edge between the basement complex and the sediments of the Eastern Dahomey Basin. A strong match was also noticed between the VES positions and the TDR map. Areas interpreted as basement rocks from the VES stations align with positive values on the TDR maps while the sedimentary terrains have negative TDR values. Our work demonstrates that areas that were previously fixed as sedimentary terrains on geological maps belong to the crystalline basement or transition zone. A new and reliable geological boundary is hereby drawn between the basement and sedimentary rocks. Thus, providing a revised map of the Eastern Dahomey Basin.
A compact and high efficiency intracavity OPO based on periodically poled lithium niobate
Authors: Wang Ke , Gao Mingyao , Yu Shuhui , Ning Jian , Xie Zhenda , Lv Xinjie , Zhao Gang , Zhu Shining 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe demonstrate a compact, high efficiency and widely tunable intracavity singly resonant optical parametric oscillator (IC-OPO) based on multichannel periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN). The IC-OPO is composed of 808 nm pump laser diode (LD), Nd:YVO4 laser and linear OPO. The continuous-wave (CW) mid-infrared (MIR) output laser is tunable from 2.25 to 4.79 μm. The maximum output power exceeds 1.08 W at 3.189 μm at 9.1 W LD pump power and the conversion efficiency is 11.88%. We also build up a prototype with volume of 145 × 85 × 42.5 mm3 and its total weight is less than 2 kg. The measured power stability is 1.3% Root Meat Square (RMS) for a 3 h duration under simulated high temperature conditions of 40 °C. RMS is 2.6% for a 4 h duration when simulated temperature is − 40 °C.
Iron oxides and aluminous clays selectively control soil carbon storage and stability in the humid tropics
Authors: Kirsten Maximilian , Mikutta Robert , Vogel Cordula , Thompson Aaron , Mueller Carsten W. , Kimaro Didas N. , Bergsma Huig L. T. , Feger Karl-Heinz , Kalbitz Karsten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractClay minerals and pedogenic metal (oxyhydr)oxides are the most reactive soil mineral constituents controlling the long-term persistence of organic carbon (OC) in terrestrial ecosystems. However, their co-occurrence in most soils complicates direct assessment of their individual contribution to OC persistence. Making use of unique mineralogical combinations in soils located in the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania, we disentangled the contribution of clay-sized aluminous minerals (kaolinite, gibbsite) and pedogenic Fe (oxyhydr)oxides (predominant goethite and hematite) on OC storage and stabilization under natural forests and croplands. Topsoil samples, varying in contents but not types of aluminous clays and pedogenic Fe (oxyhydr)oxides, were identified by selective extractions, X-ray diffraction, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Associated abundance of particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (OM) was quantified by density fractionation and their changes during land-use conversion were determined as a measure of OC persistence. Additionally, we assessed the resistance of OC to chemical oxidation as well as microbial decomposition in a 50-day laboratory incubation. We found that the ratio of pedogenic Fe to aluminous clay is more consequential for OC storage and stabilization than their individual contents, despite the fact that Fe (oxyhydr)oxides generally exert a stronger impact on OC than aluminous clays. Conjunction of large amounts of Fe (oxyhydr)oxides with low aluminous clay contents caused the strongest accumulation of mineral-associated OC, a low soil respiration, high OC stability against chemical oxidation, and high OC persistence during land-use change. Our study suggests that certain mineralogical combinations in the humid tropics alleviate OM losses during land conversion because of the strong and selective mineral control on OC stabilization, particular if the weight ratio of pedogenic Fe to aluminous clay exceeds the threshold range of 0.44‒0.56.
A novel wideband DOA estimation method based on a fast sparse frame
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Tao Haihong , Xie Jian , Jiang Xiaowei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, a novel fast wideband direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm is proposed to reduce the computational complexity. First, a multiple measurement vector (MMV)‐based compact structure for a wideband signal is established. Combined with the focus operation, the array manifolds of different frequency bins are transformed into the dictionary of the reference frequency. Then, two efficient novel methods named adaptive step‐size‐based null space tuning with hard thresholding and feedback (ASNHF) and MMV‐ASNHF are proposed to process single measurement vector and MMV problem, respectively. Finally, wideband DOA estimation can be achieved by MMV‐ASNHF algorithm. Compared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy at a low signal‐to‐noise ratio and lower computational complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator is effective and feasible.
Fairness‐aware power allocation in downlink MIMO‐NOMA systems
Authors: Wang Xiaoming , Shen Ruijuan , Jiang Rui , Xu Youyun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNon‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has attracted great attention due to its potential of providing high spectral efficiency and massive connectivity. Combining it with multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) technology can further improve the spectrum efficiency. In this paper, the power allocation problem in downlink multi‐cluster MIMO‐NOMA systems is investigated for maximizing the fairness utility function. First, a long‐term fairness function is considered and the optimization problem is formulated as a weighted sum‐rate maximization problem. The problem is transformed into a convex form by introducing two sets of auxiliary variables, and propose an iterative algorithm to update the weight factors and the auxiliary variables. Then, an instantaneous fairness is considered and the optimization problem is formulated as a minimum data‐rate maximization problem. It is transfiormed into a one‐dimensional optimization problem based on an iterative algorithm and a closed‐form power allocation expression is deduced. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed two fairness power allocation schemes have better performance of edge‐user rate than the comparable schemes.
Spatial‐temporal attention wavenet: A deep learning framework for traffic prediction considering spatial‐temporal dependencies
Authors: Tian Chenyu , Chan Wai Kin (Victor) 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTraffic prediction on road networks is highly challenging due to the complexity of traffic systems and is a crucial task in successful intelligent traffic system applications. Existing approaches mostly capture the static spatial dependency relying on the prior knowledge of the graph structure. However, the spatial dependency can be dynamic, and sometimes the physical structure may not reflect the genuine relationship between roads. To better capture the complex spatial‐temporal dependencies and forecast traffic conditions on road networks, a multi‐step prediction model named Spatial‐Temporal Attention Wavenet (STAWnet) is proposed. Temporal convolution is applied to handle long time sequences, and the dynamic spatial dependencies between different nodes can be captured using the self‐attention network. Different from existing models, STAWnet does not need prior knowledge of the graph by developing a self‐learned node embedding. These components are integrated into an end‐to‐end framework. The experimental results on three public traffic prediction datasets (METR‐LA, PEMS‐BAY, and PEMS07) demonstrate effectiveness. In particular, in the 1 h ahead prediction, STAWnet outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods with no prior knowledge of the network.
Evaluation of emergency driving behaviour and vehicle collision risk in connected vehicle environment: A deep learning approach
Authors: Peng Liqun , Wang Yiting , Zhang Fan , Zhang Jisheng , Li Zhixiong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the latest connected vehicle (CV) message standards, including SAE J2735‐2016 and T‐CASE 53–2017, the basic safety messages (BSMs) are designed specifically as effective measures for traffic safety management and applications. In this study, a testbed on the Nanchang‐Jiujiang Intelligent Highway in Jiangxi, China is illustrated as an example, and the basic architecture and key technologies is introduced for a proactive traffic safety utilisation, where the core basic safety message (BSM) data are sorted and implemented to perceive and predict risky driving behaviours in a field environment. On this basis, an accurate insight into time‐critical driving safety issues can be achieved by investigating raw BSM data, such as the inter‐vehicle distance, driver manipulation, vehicle speed, and acceleration/deceleration. Furthermore, to effectively take advantage of connected vehicle information and perceive the high uncertainty of driving behaviours during an emergency situation and evaluate the driving safety in mixed traffic scenarios, a long short‐term memory (LSTM) based deep learning framework is introduced to build a multi‐horizon vehicle crash risk prediction model using continuous BSMs as the inputs. The experimental results demonstrate the significance of connected vehicle data and deep learning algorithms for improving driving safety and promoting widespread deployment and application of connected vehicles.
Electronic‐photonic board as an integration platform for Tb/s multi‐chip optical communication
Authors: Lamprecht Tobias , Betschon Felix , Bauwelinck Johan , Van Kerrebrouck Joris , Lambrecht Joris , Gaul Holger , Eichler Alexander , Yin Xin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChip‐on‐board silicon photonics O‐band wavelength‐division multiplexing transceivers have been developed that will eventually enable high‐throughput on‐board optical communication for multi‐socket on‐board communication. This direct, any‐to‐any configuration yields low‐latency, low‐power optical communication among multiple compute nodes on the board. Silicon photonic transceiver chips are flip‐chipped on a polymer waveguide containing an electro‐optical circuit board using adiabatic coupling and then completed with driver and amplifier electronic chips. A transceiver assembly based on wire‐bond technology verifies 50 Gb/s operation per channel, and the flip‐chip version demonstrates the chip on‐board assembly techniques for compact on‐board transceivers.
Numerical study of treatment chambers for single and multi‐stage pulsed electric field systems
Authors: Araujo Eduardo J. , Lopes Ivan J. S. , Ramirez Jaime A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPulsed electric field (PEF) systems should be designed to be microbiologically and energy efficient for industrial applications applied to treatment of different types of liquid foods. A thorough numerical model for the design of PEF systems is presented. It takes into account two combined approaches, a field evaluation based on an electric‐thermal‐fluid dynamic analysis and a design of numerical experiment considering as variables the applied high voltage and the internal electrode radius of a coaxial geometry. Then, the survival ratio and the specific energy are solved as conflicting objectives for the PEF design, using the treatment time and pulse frequency from the coupled analysis. The formulation is applied for grape and orange juices with E. coli for single and multiple stages systems. The simulations with multiple stages for the grape juice showed that it is possible to reach a microbial inactivation of 3.1 (log10 scale of survival rate) with a specific energy of about 450kJ/kg lower in relation to a two stage system. It means an energy reduction of 92, 421kJ/h for a treatment system with a capacity of 163 L/h.
The Corona Borealis supercluster: connectivity, collapse, and evolution
Authors: Einasto Maret , Kipper Rain , Tenjes Peeter , Lietzen Heidi , Tempel Elmo , Liivamägi Lauri Juhan , Einasto Jaan , Tamm Antti , Heinämäki Pekka , Nurmi Pasi 
Published: March 2021

Context.Rich superclusters of galaxies represent dynamically active environments in which galaxies and their systems form and evolve.Aims.We study the dynamical properties and connectivity of the richest galaxy clusters in the Corona Borealis (CB) supercluster and of the whole supercluster, and analyse star formation of galaxies in them with the aim to understand the evolution of the supercluster and the galaxies within it. We compare it with the supercluster SCl A2142.Methods.We used the luminosity-density field to determine the high-density cores of the CB. We identified the richest galaxy clusters in them and studied the dynamical state of the clusters, analysed their substructure, and studied the star formation properties of galaxies in them using normal mixture modelling and the projected phase space diagram. We determined filaments in the supercluster to analyse the connectivity of clusters. To understand the possible future evolution of the CB, we compared the mass distribution in it with predictions from the spherical collapse model and analysed the gravitational acceleration field in the CB.Results.The richest clusters in the high-density cores of the CB are the Abell clustersA2065,A2061(together withA2067),A2089, and Gr2064. At a radiusR30around each cluster (corresponding to the density contrast Δρ ≈ 30), the galaxy distribution shows a minimum. TheR30values for individual clusters lie in the range of 3 − 6h−1Mpc. The radii of the clusters (splashback radii) lie in the range ofRcl ≈ 2 − 3Rvir. The projected phase space diagrams and the comparison with the spherical collapse model suggest thatR30regions have passed turnaround and are collapsing, forming infall regions around each cluster. Galaxies in the richest cluster of the CB, A2065, and in its infall region have on average younger stellar populations than other clusters and their environment. The cluster A2061 has the highest fraction of galaxies with very old stellar populations, similar to those in A2142. The number of long filaments that begin near clusters vary from one near A2089 to five near A2061. The total connectivity of these clusters (the number of infalling groups and filaments) varies from two to nine.Conclusions.During the future evolution, the clusters in the main part of the CB may merge and form one of the largest bound systems in the nearby Universe. Another part, with the cluster Gr2064, will form a separate system. Our study suggests that structures with a current characteristic density contrast Δρ ≈ 30 have passed turnaround and started to collapse at redshiftsz ≈ 0.3 − 0.4. The comparison of the number and properties of the most massive collapsing supercluster cores from observations and simulations may serve as a test for cosmological models.
Rotationally and tidally distorted compact stars
Authors: Claret A. 
Published: March 2021

Context. To the best of our knowledge, there are no specific calculations of gravity-darkening exponents for white dwarfs in the literature. On the other hand, the number of known eclipsing binaries whose components are tidally and/or rotationally distorted white dwarfs is increasing year on year.
Aims. Our main objective is to present the first theoretical approaches to the problem of the distribution of temperatures on the surfaces of compact stars distorted by rotation and/or tides in order to compare with relevant observational data.
Methods. We used two methods to calculate the gravity-darkening exponents: (a) a variant of our numerical method based on the triangles strategy and (b) an analytical approach consisting in a generalisation of the von Zeipel theorem for hot white dwarfs.
Results. We find discrepancies between the gravity-darkening exponents calculated with our methods and the predictions of the von Zeipel theorem, particularly in the cases of cold white dwarfs; although the discrepancy also applies to higher effective temperatures under determined physical conditions. We find physical connections between the gravity-darkening exponents calculated using our modified method of triangles strategy with the convective efficiency (defined here as the ratio of the convective to the total flux). A connection between the entropy and the gravity-darkening coefficients is also found: variations of the former cause changes in the way the temperature is distributed on distorted stellar surfaces. On the other hand, we have generalised the von Zeipel theorem for the case of hot white dwarfs. Such a generalisation allows us to predict that, under certain circumstances, the value of the gravity-darkening exponent may be smaller than 1.0, even in the case of high effective temperatures.
Conclusions. To constrain the gravity-darkening exponent values observationally it would be necessary to find and investigate eclipsing binaries constituted by white dwarfs showing tidal and/or rotational distortions that were double-lined and that were bright enough to obtain good radial-velocity semi-amplitudes for both components. It would be very interesting and useful if observer were to focus their attention on this kind of system to check our theoretical results.
A Case of Two Abdominal Gossypibomas in a Patient: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Batra Radhika , Gautam Richa , Manchanda Alpana , Ghuliani Deepak 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGossypiboma is a rare condition caused by retention of a foreign body, most commonly surgical sponge following any surgical procedure. The patient may be asymptomatic, can present with vague symptoms, or rarely with acute symptoms depending on the location of the foreign body and the complications associated with it; thus it may be difficult to diagnose this condition. A 30-year-old woman presented to our hospital with complaints of lump and mild pain on both sides of the lower abdomen for 3 months following caesarean section which was performed in a rural hospital. Ultrasound and computed tomography findings along with the classical history helped in arriving at the diagnosis of two gossypibomas in lower abdomen, one in each flank which was further confirmed on laparotomy.