bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamification of financial applications and financial behavior of young investors
Authors: Pal Abhinav , Indapurkar Kavita , Gupta Kriti Priya 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the moderating role of gamification on the relationship of financial attitude (FA), financial self-efficacy (FSE) and financial planning activity (FPA) of individuals on the financial behavior of individuals and also provides a conceptual background on financial management behavior (FMB), FA, FSE and FPA of individuals.Design/methodology/approachA preliminary study with the help of a structured questionnaire was conducted by administering the questionnaire to individuals who are exposed to financial apps on their smart phones or personal computers for various money-saving and investment activities. Help of various financial planners and financial consultants led to successful circulation of the questionnaire to respondents. The research model was tested through structural equation modeling using AMOS-21 software. Firstly, a measurement model was evaluated that comprised five latent constructs, i.e. gamifying features (GF), FA, FSE, FPA and FMB. Subsequently, the structural model consisting of the hypothesized relationships was evaluated.FindingsThe role of GF in financial apps and applications in moderating the influence of FA, FSE and FPA on FMB has not been thoroughly studied in the past literature, and the results of this study show that GF significantly moderate the influence of FA and FPA on the FMB of individuals. However, according to the results GF in financial apps do not have a significant moderating role on the influence of FSE on FMB of individuals.Originality/valueThe studies in the past have not investigated the role of gamification in the area of personal finance of individual investors, specifically their financial behavior in both developed and developing countries. This study addresses this gap by examining the role of gamification in moderating the relationship that exists between FA, FSE, FPA and financial behavior.
Plant regulatory lists in the United States are reactive and inconsistent
Authors: Beaury Evelyn M. , Fusco Emily J. , Allen Jenica M. , Bradley Bethany A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Global invasive species introductions are rising, necessitating coordinated regulatory strategies within and across national borders. Although states and nations address their unique priorities using plant regulations, these regulations are most likely to reduce invasive plant introduction and spread if they are consistently enacted across political borders and proactively restrict spread early in the invasion process. Further, a unified regulatory landscape is particularly important given the imminent range infilling and large‐scale climate‐driven range shifts of invasive species.

In the United States, federal and state regulations restrict the introduction and spread of several hundred invasive and noxious plant taxa in an effort to reduce their negative impacts. Using plant regulations for the lower 48 United States, we assessed consistency among regulated taxa based on similarities in adjacent states’ regulatory lists. We assessed proactivity by comparing regulatory lists to plants’ current and potential distributions given occurrence records and species distribution models under climate change.

States regulate from 0 to 162 plant taxa, with an average of only 16.8% overlap of regulated taxa between adjacent states. Up to 137 plants may be present but unregulated in a state, and only 110 of 553 listed taxa were regulated in one or more states where they were not yet present. However, 36 states listed at least one taxon proactively (regulated but not present in the state). Of the 48 proactively listed taxa with species distribution models, we identified 41 cases (38 species in 21 states) where listing was ‘climate proactive’ (regulated, not present and where climate could be suitable for establishment by mid‐century).

Policy implications. US plant regulatory lists were inconsistent across borders and reactive to climate change. However, most states regulate at least one plant taxa prior to its introduction, suggesting that a more proactive approach is possible under existing regulations. Coordination across borders is imperative given gaps in regional defences against invasion and projected invasive plant range shifts under climate change. We suggest that subnational, national and international governing bodies evaluate their plant regulatory lists for consistency and proactivity, as it is paramount for preventing the next wave of plant invasions.
Rotational grazing can mitigate ecosystem service trade‐offs between livestock production and water quality in semi‐arid rangelands
Authors: Hulvey Kristin B. , Mellon Cassie D. , Kleinhesselink Andrew R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Mitigating ecosystem service (ES) trade‐offs is a key management goal in locations where stakeholders value different and potentially conflicting ecosystem services (ESs). However, studies are not often designed to examine how local management actions address ES trade‐offs, and therefore do not provide options that can alleviate conflict.

In semi‐arid rangelands, we examined the potential for managers to mitigate trade‐offs between livestock production and water quality. To move away from solutions that offer cattle removal as a singular management strategy, we examined how cattle presence, plus two elements of rotational grazing—the length of time cattle spend on rangeland (i.e. duration), and the season grazed (i.e. timing), affected stream Escherichia coli (E. coli concentrations). We also modelled how grazing duration and timing affected the ability to meet regulatory benchmarks for water quality throughout a grazing season.

Grazing duration controlled the length of time E. coli concentrations were high in streams. In short‐ and medium‐duration systems, E. coli concentrations were high for shorter periods of time than in long‐duration systems, resulting in fewer violations of national and state water quality standards.

Stream E. coli concentrations showed a consistent seasonal pattern, starting low in spring, peaking in summer and declining towards fall. Thus, grazing during spring or fall, rather than in summer, reduced the number of days that E. coli levels exceeded water quality standards.

Our results suggest that reducing the grazing duration and shifting its timing are complementary strategies that can mitigate the trade‐offs between livestock grazing and water quality without fencing‐off riparian areas or removing cattle from pastures with streams.

Synthesis and applications. In this study, we found grazing duration and timing can be used as tools to mitigate ecosystem service (ES) trade‐offs between cattle production and water quality in rangeland streams. Shorter grazing durations reduced the number of days E. coli levels were above regulatory limits, as did grazing that occurred either early or late in the season. These results support the idea that rotational grazing can be an effective strategy to manage water quality in semi‐arid rangelands. They also highlight the need for more grazing studies that incorporate gradients of duration and timing into study designs.
Forensic anthropology casework performance: Assessing accuracy and trends for biological profile estimates on a comprehensive sample of identified decedent cases
Authors: Hughes Cris E. , Juarez Chelsey , Yim An‐Di 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy rates and trends in forensic anthropology casework concerning the estimation of the biological profile (sex, age, ancestry, and stature). Identified cases from the Forensic Anthropology Database for Assessing Methods Accuracy (FADAMA;n = 359) were analyzed to explore the following: accuracy rates per biological profile component, case‐level performance in assessing the biological profile, and factors related to inaccuracy rates. Accuracy rates for the four biological profile components ranged from 83% to 98%, with sex estimation performing the best and stature performing the poorest. While the overall sex estimation inaccuracies were the lowest of any biological profile component, we found that females are missexed approximately ten times more often than males. Inaccurate age estimates were more frequently the result of overestimation than underestimation, while the trends are reversed for stature estimation. Regarding ancestry estimation performance, African American/Black and White decedents had the lowest inaccuracy rates, while Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander decedents demonstrated greater inaccuracy rates. When examining accuracy rates for each case, 81% of cases had no inaccurate biological profile estimates, while 17% and 2% inaccurately estimated one and two biological profile components, respectively. The demographic trends of identified forensic anthropology cases reflect the national unidentified decedent demographics. Biological profile accuracy rates were generally comparable to previous studies. The findings highlight the current status of forensic anthropologists’ casework performance, with a greater amount of case‐level inaccuracy rates than previously thought, and demonstrate the potential methodological and sampling strategies that could improve accuracy rates.
Vegetable oils as green solvents for carotenoid extraction from pumpkin (Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber) byproducts: Optimization of extraction parameters
Authors: Portillo‐López Rubén , Morales‐Contreras Blanca E. , Lozano‐Guzmán Eduardo , Basilio‐Heredia José , Muy‐Rangel María D. , Ochoa‐Martínez Luz A. , Rosas‐Flores Walfred , Morales‐Castro Juliana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPumpkin pulp is the main waste generated by pumpkin seed growers. This agro‐industrial waste is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, especially carotenoids (β‐carotene, α‐carotene, and lutein), which exhibit a broad spectrum of health‐promoting effects. In this study, vegetable oils (canola, corn, and soybean oil) were used as green solvent alternatives to conventional organic solvents for carotenoid extraction from dried pumpkin pulp (DPP) waste. The highest carotenoid extraction yield (CEY) was obtained with canola oil, at a 1:10 DPP/oil ratio. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction process parameters (temperature, time, and stirring rate) through a Box‐Behnken design (BBD) maximizing CEY in canola oil. The extraction temperature and stirring rate were found to have a significant linear and quadratic effect, respectively, on CEY. Optimum conditions were achieved at 21.8 min, 250 rpm, and 60°C. Under these optimized conditions, the estimated value for CEY was 378.1 µg β‐carotene equivalents/g of DPP, corresponding to 61.6% of the total carotenoid content present in the DPP. In contrast, the observed experimental value was 373.2 µg β‐carotene equivalents/g of DPP (61.2%). The experimental value was very close to the estimated value, which verifies the model's adequacy and fit. This study shows an alternative method to extract carotenoids from DPP with canola oil, obtaining an oil naturally enriched with carotenoids that could be used as a potential functional ingredient in the development of food, cosmetics, and medicinal products.Practical ApplicationPumpkin by‐products are a potential carotenoid source. Vegetable oil can be used as an alternative solvent for carotenoid extraction from pumpkin residues to obtain an enriched carotenoid oil that can be used to formulate food products.
Prophylactic cranial irradiation confers favourable prognosis for patients with limited‐stage small cell lung cancer in the era of MRI: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Li Jing , Ding Cuimin , Yang Chen , Wang Shuoshuo , Qiao Xueying 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionProphylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is recommended for patients with limited‐stage small cell lung cancer (LS‐SCLC) who achieve good response after chemoradiotherapy. But PCI is neurotoxic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the standard tool for evaluating brain metastasis (BM). This study was to retrospectively analyse the necessity of PCI in the era of MRI in LS‐SCLC.MethodsFrom July 2013 to June 2017, 190 patients with LS‐SCLC who were treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy were included and analysed in this study. They were divided into the PCI group and non‐PCI group. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to balance the variable differences. The Kaplan–Meier method was applied to estimate survival with log‐rank test to ascertain significance between different groups.ResultsSeventy‐seven patients (40.5%) received PCI after chemoradiotherapy. After adjustment for propensity scores, 69 pairs of patients were matched between two groups. After PSM, the 1‐year and 3‐year OS rates were 96.9% and 48.5% in PCI group versus 89.9% and 25.0% in non‐PCI group (HR: 0.419, 95% CI: 0.251–0.701, P = 0.001). The 1‐year and 3‐year BMFS in PCI group were 96.8% and 67.5% versus 62.3% and 37.9% in non‐PCI group (HR: 0.247, 95% CI: 0.132–0.460, P < 0.001).ConclusionFor patients showing no BM on MRI after definitive CRT, PCI confers less BM and better OS in LS‐SCLC.
Turkish version of modified Hand Mobility in Scleroderma test: A translation and validation study
Authors: Kaymaz Serdar , Karasu Ugur , Alkan Hakan , Cobankara Veli 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveHand Mobility in Scleroderma (HAMIS) is a hand function test used to determine the degree of dysfunction of hand movements. The Modified Hand Mobility in Scleroderma (mHAMIS), on the other hand, was developed later and consists of 4 items. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of mHAMIS.MethodsThis study included a total of 39 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) who were assessed with mHAMIS. The Cronbach's α coefficient, Kappa concordance, and intraclass correlation were respectively used to assess the internal consistency, intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement, and inter‐observer reliability of the test. The correlation between the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), the Duruoz Hand Index (DHI), and the Turkish version of mHAMIS were evaluated.ResultsThe internal consistency of the test items was between .912 and .939. The total internal consistency of the test was excellent, with a Cronbach's alpha value of .954. The intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement were good, with Kappa values of 0.954 (95% CI 0.89‐1.6) and 0.965 (95% CI 0.82‐1.4), respectively. The inter‐observer reliability was 0.966 (95% CI 0.936‐0.982; P<.0001). There was a strong correlation between DHI, HAQ, and mHAMIS (r: .7‐.8).ConclusionThe Turkish version of the mHAMIS test showed good intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement, intra‐observer reliability, and internal consistency. This test is a reliable and valid tool to assess hand functions in Turkish SSc patients.
Combined COI barcode‐based methods to avoid mislabelling of threatened species of deep‐sea skates
Authors: Carugati L. , Melis R. , Cariani A. , Cau A. , Crobe V. , Ferrari A. , Follesa M. C. , Geraci M. L. , Iglésias S. P. , Pesci P. , Tinti F. , Cannas R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSkates are characterised by conservative body morphology which hampers identification and leads to frequent taxonomic confusion and market mislabelling. Accurate specimen classification is crucial for reliable stock assessments and effective conservation plans, otherwise the risk of extinction could be unnoticed. The misclassification issue is evident for the genus Dipturus, distributed worldwide, from the continental shelf and slope to the deep sea. In this study, barcode cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) sequences were used along with species delimitation and specimen assignment methods to improve taxonomy and zoogeography of species of conservation interest inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we provided new evidence of the occurence of D. nidarosiensis in the Central‐Western Mediterranean Sea and the lack of Atlantic‐Mediterranean genetic divergence. The Atlantic endangered species D. laevis and D. batis clustered together under the same molecular operational taxonomic unit (MOTU) with any delimitation methods used, while the assignment approach correctly discriminated specimens into the two species. These results provided evidence that the presence of the barcode gap is not an essential predictor of identification success, but the use of different approaches is crucially needed for specimen classification, especially when threshold‐ or tree‐based methods result less powerful. The analyses also showed how different putative, vulnerable, species dwelling across South‐Western Atlantic and South‐Eastern Pacific are frequently misidentified in public sequence repositories. Our study emphasised the limits associated to public databases, highlighting the urgency to verify and implement the information deposited therein in order to guarantee accurate species identification and thus effective conservation measures for deep‐sea skates.
Alcohol use disorder and non‐fatal suicide attempt: findings from a Swedish National Cohort Study
Authors: Edwards Alexis C. , Ohlsson Henrik , Mościcki Eve , Crump Casey , Sundquist Jan , Kendler Kenneth S. , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with increased risk of non‐fatal suicide attempt. We aimed to measure the strength and mechanistic nature of the association between AUD and increased suicide attempt and determine any causal pathways and/or shared risk factors.DesignWe used Cox proportional hazards models in population‐level and co‐relative analyses to evaluate the risk of first non‐fatal suicide attempt as a function of previous AUD.Setting and ParticipantsWe used continuously updated longitudinal nationwide Swedish registry data on native Swedes born from 1950 to 1970 (n = 2 229 619) and followed from age 15 until 2012.MeasurementsAUD and suicide attempt were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)‐8, ICD‐9, and ICD‐10 codes. AUD was also identified using pharmacy and criminal records. Genetic and family environmental risks were derived based on relatedness via the Multi‐Generation Register and shared residency via the Population and Housing Census and the Total Population Register.FindingsAUD was robustly associated with suicide attempt in crude models (hazard ratio [HR] = 15.24 [95% CI: 14.92, 15.56]). In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and psychiatric comorbidity, the association was attenuated: for women, HRs declined gradually across time, ranging from 5.55 (3.72, 8.29) during the observation period that ranged from age 15 to 19 years to 1.77 (1.65, 1.90) at age 40 or older. For men, the corresponding figures were 6.12 (4.07, 9.19) and 1.83 (1.72, 1.94); in contrast to women, risk of suicide attempt among men increased from age 15 to 29 before declining. In co‐relative models, a residual association remained, consistent with a causal path from AUD to suicide attempt.ConclusionsIn Sweden, alcohol use disorder appears to be an important predictor of suicide attempt even in the context of other psychiatric disorders. The observed association is likely the result of features that jointly impact risk of alcohol use disorder and suicide attempts (genetic liability, psychiatric illness, and childhood stressors) and a potentially causal pathway, acting independently or in conjunction with one another.
Barriers and potential solutions to international collaboration in neuro‐oncology clinical trials: Challenges from the Australian perspective
Authors: Kong Benjamin Y. , Carter Candace , Nowak Anna K. , Hovey Elizabeth , Lwin Zarnie , Haghighi Neda , Gan Hui K. , Sim Hao‐Wen , Ziegler David S. , Barton Kirston , Parkinson Jonathon , Leonard Robyn , Khasraw Mustafa , Foote Matthew 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThe neuro‐oncology community in Australia is well positioned to collaborate internationally, with a motivated trials group, strong regulatory bodies and an attractive fiscal environment. We sought to identify gaps in the Australian neuro‐oncology clinical trials landscape and describe strategies to increase international trial access in Australia.MethodsWe searched clinical trial registries to identify active adult primary brain cancer trials. We compared the participation rate and phase of these trials between tumour types and countries. A survey was distributed to the Cooperative Trials Group for Neuro‐Oncology membership to identify barriers and solutions to effective international collaboration.ResultsGlobally, 307 trials for adult primary brain cancers were identified. These included 50% pharmaceutical agents, 18% cellular therapies and 9% radiation therapy. Twelve adult primary brain cancer trials were actively recruiting in Australia at the time the survey was sent out. There were more early phase brain cancer trials (34%) compared with colorectal and breast cancer (21% and 24%, respectively). In Australia, 92% of brain cancer trials were involving pharmaceutical agents. The most commonly cited barrier was lack of funding for international trials (86%) and insufficient research time (75%). High ranking solutions included increasing the availability of funding for international trials and creating opportunities to develop personal relationships with collaborators. Accreditation of clinical research key performance indicators into practice (88%) and hospital accreditation (73%) also ranked highly.ConclusionsParticipation in international research in Australia could be improved by embedding clinical research targets into institutional funding, provision of funding for early phase studies and streamlining mutual ethics schemes.
Privatizing the Urban Commons Under Ambiguous Property Rights in China: Is Marketization a Remedy to the Tragedy of the Commons?
Authors: Wang Yiming , Chen Jie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe debate on the vitality of the commons remains unsettled, but the attempt by the Chinese state to develop a marketized property rights system to address the so‐called tragedy of the commons has backfired. In Shanghai and other major Chinese cities, the economic transformation has led to an ambiguous property rights system that creates complex and uncertain property relations between the state and private land developers. The resulting ineffective uses and conflicts in the commons are well known, but how to address them is contested. Can privatization drive better use of urban land in China? How do the ambiguous property relations between the state and the private sector affect the spatial design, management, use, and quality of the urban commons in Chinese cities? This article addresses these questions by engaging theoretical debates on how the commons should be held, analyzing the origin and key features of the ambiguous property relation in China, and drawing on a property rights approach to investigate the empirical case of a specific privately owned and managed urban park in Shanghai. The results show that not only does the commodification of property create inherently pervasive ambiguity in the land market, marketization also denies citizens their rights to public space. These findings raise fundamental questions about the idea that marketizing land is a sure tonic to address social problems. The article puts the case for reconsidering the institutionalization of the urban commons.