bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimum-monitor-unit optimization via a stochastic coordinate descent method
Authors: Cai Jian-Feng , Chen Ronald C , Fan Junyi , Gao Hao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective. Deliverable proton spots are subject to the minimum monitor-unit (MMU) constraint. The MMU optimization problem with relatively large MMU threshold remains mathematically challenging due to its strong nonconvexity. However, the MMU optimization is fundamental to proton radiotherapy (RT), including efficient IMPT and proton arc delivery (ARC). This work aims to develop a new optimization algorithm that is effective in solving the MMU problem. Approach. Our new algorithm is primarily based on stochastic coordinate decent (SCD) method. It involves three major steps: first to decouple the determination of active sets for dose-volume-histogram (DVH) planning constraints from the MMU problem via iterative convex relaxation method; second to handle the nonconvexity of the MMU constraint via SCD to localize the index set of nonzero spots; third to solve convex subproblems projected to this convex set of nonzero spots via projected gradient descent method. Main results. Our new method SCD is validated and compared with alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) for IMPT and ARC. The results suggest SCD had better plan quality than ADMM, e.g. the improvement of conformal index (CI) from 0.56 to 0.69 during IMPT, and from 0.28 to 0.80 during ARC for the lung case. Moreover, SCD successfully handled the nonconvexity from large MMU threshold that ADMM failed to handle, in the sense that (1) the plan quality from ARC was worse than IMPT (e.g. CI was 0.28 with IMPT and 0.56 with ARC for the lung case), when ADMM was used; (2) in contrast, with SCD, ARC achieved better plan quality than IMPT (e.g. CI was 0.69 with IMPT and 0.80 with ARC for the lung case), which is compatible with more optimization degrees of freedom from ARC compared to IMPT. Significance. To the best of our knowledge, our new MMU optimization method via SCD can effectively handle the nonconvexity from large MMU threshold that none of the current methods can solve. Therefore, we have developed a unique MMU optimization algorithm via SCD that can be used for efficient IMPT, proton ARC, and other particle RT applications where large MMU threshold is desirable (e.g. for the delivery of high dose rates or/and a large number of spots).
Inverter design with positive feedback field-effect transistors
Authors: Lee Changhoon , Han Changwoo , Shin Changhwan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As the physical size of semiconductor devices continues to be aggressively scaled down, feedback field-effect transistors (FBFET) with a positive feedback mechanism among a few promising steep switching devices have received attention as next-generation switching devices. Conventional FBFETs have been studied to explore their device performance. However, this has been restricted to the case of single FBFET; basic circuit designs with FBFETs have not been investigated extensively. In this work, we propose an inverter circuit design with silicon-on-insulator (SOI) FBFETs; we verified this inverter design with mixed-mode technology computer-aided design simulation. The basic principles and mechanisms for designing FBFET inverter circuits are explained because their configuration is different from conventional inverters. In addition, the device parameters necessary to optimize circuit construction are introduced for logic device applications.
Contact resistance, coupling and hysteresis loss measurements of ITER poloidal field joint in parallel applied magnetic field
Authors: Huang J , Ilyin Y , Wessel W A J , Lubkemann R , Krooshoop H J G , Nijhuis A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The inter-strand contact resistance and AC losses were measured on an International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) poloidal field (PF) coil joint in a parallel applied AC magnetic field. In addition, the hysteresis loss was measured as a function of the angle with the applied magnetic field on a niobium-titanium (NbTi) strand of the same type as in the joint with a vibrating sample magnetometer. The AC loss measurements were performed at four applied field conditions for combinations of 0 or 1 T offset field and 0.2 or 0.4 T sinusoidal amplitude. The hysteresis loss of the joint was compared with the measured AC loss density of the NbTi strand for the same field conditions as the joint AC loss measurement but with varying the angle of the applied field. The subsequent cable twist angles affect the hysteresis loss since the critical current and penetration field depend on the angle of the applied field. It is found that 15.5° is an effective angle for the calculation of the hysteresis loss of joint when compared to the single strand measurement. The inter-strand contact resistance measurements cover all the typical strand combinations from the five cabling stages of the individual conductors, as well as the strand combinations across the two conductors to characterize the inter-strand including the copper sole resistivity. It is the first time to measure the contact resistances and AC losses of the full-size ITER PF joint. By comparing the measured and simulated data in the JackPot-ACDC model, it is also the first time to obtain the accurate inter-strand, inter-petal and strand to copper sole contact resistivities, which are the main input parameters for the further quantitative numerical analysis of the PF joints, in any current and magnetic field conditions.
Optimal solution of engineering design problems through differential gradient evolution plus algorithm: a hybrid approach
Authors: Tabassum Muhammad Farhan , Akgül Ali , Akram Sana , Hassan Saadia , Saman  , Qudus Ayesha , Karim Rabia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
It is very necessary and applicable to optimize all disciplines. In practical engineering problems the optimization has been a significant component. This article presents the hybrid approach named as differential gradient evolution plus

D
G
E
+

algorithm which is the combination of differential evolution gorithm and gradient evolution

(
G
E
)

algorithm.

D
E

was used to diversify and

G
E

was used for intensification with a perfect equilibrium between exploration and exploitation with an improvised distribution of dynamic probability and offers a new shake-off approach to prevent premature convergence to local optimum. To describe the success, the proposed algorithm is compared to modern meta-heuristics. To see the accuracy, robustness, and reliability of

D
G
E
+

it has been implemented on eight complex practical engineering problems named as: pressure vessel, belleville spring, tension/compression spring, three-bar truss, welded beam, speed reducer, gear train and rolling element bearing design problem, the results revealed that

D
G
E
+

algorithm can deliver highly efficient, competitive and promising results.
Self-gravitating anisotropic star using gravitational decoupling
Authors: Dayanandan B , T T Smitha , Maurya S K 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper addresses a new gravitationally decoupled anisotropic solution for the compact star model via the minimal geometric deformation (MGD) approach. We consider a non-singular well-behaved gravitational potential corresponding to the radial component of the seed spacetime and embedding Class I condition that determines the temporal metric function to solve the seed system completely. However, two different well-known mimic approaches such as

p

r

=

Θ

1

1

and

ρ
=

Θ

0

0

have been employed to determine the deformation function which gives the solution of the second system corresponding to the extra source. In order to test the physical viability of the solution, we have checked several conditions such as regularity conditions, energy conditions, causality conditions, hydrostatic equilibrium, etc. Moreover, the stability of the solutions has been also discussed by the adiabatic index and its critical value. We find that the solutions set seems viable as far as observational data are concerned.
Driving Factors For Local Government Self-Financing Ability
Authors: Mulyani Hani Sri , Sudirno Dadang , Hakim Abdul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The independence of Regional Development in regional autonomy is the ability of local governments to self-finance government activities, development, services to the community and manage regional finances, especially Regional Original Income (PAD) and Economic Growth Levels without relying mostly on assistance from the central government. This study aims to determine the effect of local taxes, levies and the level of economic growth on the independence of regional development in CIAYUMAJAKUNING regencies/cities for the period of 2011-2018, either partially or simultaneously. The variables used in this study are Local Taxes, Retribution, Economic Growth Rate and Regional Development Independent Ratio obtained from the website of the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (DJPK) and the website of the Regency / City Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in West Java. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis method and verification. The sample selection in this study used the saturated sample method, and the samples from this study were 5 districts/cities, namely Cirebon City, Cirebon Regency, Majalengka Regency, Indramayu Regency and Kuningan Regency in the period of 2011-2018 so that 40 sample data were obtained. The analytical tool used in this research is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that partially Local Taxes have a significant effect on the Independence of Regional Development, Levies have a significant negative effect on the Independence of Regional Development and the Level of Economic Growth has no effect on the Independence of Regional Development. However, simultaneously it shows that local taxes, levies and economic growth rates have a significant effect on the independence of regional development.
Recommending assembly points, evacuation routes, and standard operating procedures for potential flooding due to reservoir dam failures: a case study of Gondang Reservoir, Lamongan, East Java
Authors: Sianturi R S , Koswara A Y , Elysiyah I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The failures of water-retaining structures, such as reservoirs and lakes, may cause massive flooding. Located in the Gondanglor village, Lamongan, East Java, the Gondang reservoir is approximately 30 years old. Currently, the village does not have an official evacuation Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), a guide needed during disaster emergency responses, including the risk of reservoir failures. The absence of the SOP means that the community members have not prepared themselves to face any hazard that threatens their safety. This research aims to recommend assembly points, evacuation routes, and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) as inputs for the preparedness of reservoir dam failures. Criteria used to determine the assembly point locations are the minimum space per person, accessibility of private vehicles, access to safer places, either a street or open space, minimum distance from buildings, accessibility of disaster response vehicles, safe from falls, and other hazards. The evacuation routes consider road networks and conditions, movement directions, and distance between starting and assembly points. The evacuation SOP focuses on communication flows. Community members and Gondang reservoir’s officers are interviewed, and studies related to evacuation procedures are reviewed to help accomplish the research aim. This study has successfully recommended assembly points, evacuation routes, and SOPs for evacuating villagers when the potential of Gondang reservoir failures is identified. Community members and village officers of Gondanglor were involved in the designing of assembly points, evacuation routes, and the SOP. The study has suggested five assembly points and the shortest possible routes to reach the points from varying locations in the village. SOP suggested communication flows during varying emergency stages, including the “Abnormal” (Level 1), “Alert” (Level 2), “Alert” (Level 3), or “Warning” (Level 4) status. The results are expected to increase the preparedness level of village members to reservoir dam failures.
Mapping problem using text mining to boost tourism industry: is it possible?
Authors: Tamrin M , Septianasari L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
TripAdvisor has become a credential traveling platform for tourists worldwide to set travel plans. The widespread of big data in online platforms urges the use of text mining to benefit some sectors, including in the tourism industry. This study aimed to investigate the information extraction based on the online reviews on TripAdvisor for Gili Trawangan tourist destinations. The method used in this research was text mining with Support Vector Machine (SVM) to classify the online reviews that categorized into two classes, positive class and negative class. The results of information extraction show that the issue of horse cruelty, bad waste management, and ecosystem vulnerability dominated the negative sentiments. These negative sentiments need to be handled professionally by the tourism enterprise to boost the tourism industry in Gili Trawangan.
Living with risk: Kampung Apung’s adaptation to flood
Authors: Nurulhuda D , Purwani O , Musyawaroh  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on community strategy in slum areas to adapt to the flood in Jakarta that occur every year. Sea-level rise and land subsidence are some of the causes of Jakarta’s flood. Jakarta is affected by floods every year. Communities need a development strategy to be able to survive from the unpredictable floods each year. This paper aims to identify the application of community strategy as an effort to adapt to Jakarta’s flood in Kampung Apung, West Jakarta. Kampung Apung is one of the slum areas in Jakarta that has been affected by floods since 1995. The flood was caused by land subsidence and worsened by development around the kampung that ignore the environment in the ’90s. Now, Kampung Apung has been submerged in water as deep as 2 meters. This paper uses the descriptive-qualitative method. Data obtained from field observations, documents from the internet, and online interviews with the key informant in Kampung Apung. The result of the paper is to find a community strategy to living with flood in the slum area which is one of the efforts to be able to improve quality of life.
Evidences in resemblance of archaeological structures of Kesariya and Borobudur Stupa
Authors: Sinha I , Tucunan K P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
India’s cultural interface with southeast Asia started around the beginning of Christian era with the discovery of monsoon which traverses a fixed path or direction with remarkably predictable timing or annual cycle thereby generating confidence of safe and convenient maritime trade from the west as well as east Indian coast. This article is aimed to seek the connections and relation between India and Indonesia through deep observations and comparison to the Kesariya (India) and Borobudur (Indonesia). Using Ethnology approaches some evidences has been found
Pain Following Endoscopic Foreheadplasty Surgery in Women
Authors: Lassegard Julia C , Dubin Bruce J , Compton Peggy , Charles Andrew C , Macey Paul M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic foreheadplasty surgery (EFS) is a common procedure; however, little has been reported about the nature or treatment of postoperative headache pain and associated symptoms.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to describe the intensity, quality, location, and duration of headache pain in women following EFS. We also compared post-EFS symptoms with migraine, described medication use and efficacy, and measured emotional and functional outcomes.

Methods
This descriptive study used an observational repeated-measures design. Forty-two women (mean [standard deviation] age, 59.0 [7.9] years) undergoing EFS were prospectively recruited from 12 private cosmetic practices in 3 California counties. Telephone interviews with the Acute Short-Form 12v2 and the Headache Pain Questionnaire were conducted on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, 7, and 30.

Results
On POD 1, 93% reported at least moderate pain and 64% severe pain. Severe pain was characterized as throbbing (71%), sharp (53%), dull (76%), exploding (41%), imploding (53%), continuous (53%), or intermittent (41%) on POD 1. Moderate pain was most frequent on POD 3 (21%) compared to POD 1 (19%), 7 (12%) and 30 (12%). Mild pain predominated on POD 3 (40%) and 7 (40%), with 20% remaining on POD 30. The majority (79%) of post-EFS symptoms included light sensitivity and nausea, and therefore met most International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria for migraine. Analgesic use provided inconsistent relief. Functional and emotional status did not return to baseline throughout the 30-day postoperative period.

Conclusions
Immediately following EFS, most women experience moderate to severe headache pain, despite use of medications. Pain persists in many patients for up to 1 month. Headache is associated with migraine symptoms, including light sensitivity and nausea.

Level of Evidence: 4
BreastGAN: Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Breast Augmentation Simulation
Authors: Chartier Christian , Watt Ayden , Lin Owen , Chandawarkar Akash , Lee James , Hall-Findlay Elizabeth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Managing patient expectations is important to ensuring patient satisfaction in aesthetic medicine. To this end, computer technology developed to photograph, digitize, and manipulate three-dimensional (3D) objects has been applied to the female breast. However, the systems remain complex, physically cumbersome, and extremely expensive.

Objectives
The authors of the current study wish to introduce the plastic surgery community to BreastGAN, a portable, artificial intelligence (AI)-equipped tool trained on real clinical images to simulate breast augmentation outcomes.

Methods
Charts of all patients who underwent bilateral breast augmentation performed by the senior author were retrieved and analyzed. Frontal before and after images were collected from each patient’s chart, cropped in a standardized fashion, and used to train a neural network designed to manipulate before images to simulate a surgical result. AI-generated frontal after images were then compared with the real surgical results.

Results
Standardizing the evaluation of surgical results is a timeless challenge which persists in the context of AI-synthesized after images. In this study, AI-generated images were comparable to real surgical results.

Conclusions
This study features a portable, cost-effective neural network trained on real clinical images and designed to simulate surgical results following bilateral breast augmentation. Tools trained on a larger dataset of standardized surgical image pairs will be the subject of future studies.
Treating sarcoidosis-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with infliximab
Authors: Rosenkranz Sina C. , Häußler Vivien , Kolster Manuela , Willing Anne , Matschke Jakob , Röcken Christoph , Stürner Klarissa , Leypoldt Frank , Tolosa Eva , Friese Manuel A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Although most of the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy cases in sarcoidosis patients are explained by the treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, it is also reported in treatment-naive sarcoidosis patients, which implies a general predisposition of sarcoidosis patients for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Indeed, it was shown that active sarcoidosis patients have increased regulatory T cell frequencies which could lead to a subsequent systemic immunosuppression. However, if sarcoidosis with systemic changes of T cell subsets frequencies constitute a risk factor for the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, which could then be counteracted by sarcoidosis treatment, is not known. In this cohort study, we included, characterized and followed-up six patients with bioptically confirmed definite progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and definite or probable sarcoidosis presenting between April 2013 and January 2019, four of them had no immunosuppressive therapy at the time of developing first progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy symptoms. Analysis of immune cell subsets in these patients revealed significant imbalances of CD4+ T cell and regulatory T cell frequencies. Due to the progression of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in four patients, we decided to treat sarcoidosis anticipating normalization of immune cell subset frequencies and thereby improving progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Notably, by treatment with infliximab, an antibody directed against tumour necrosis factor-α, three patients continuously improved clinically, JC virus was no longer detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid and regulatory T cell frequencies decreased. One patient was initially misdiagnosed as neurosarcoidosis and died 9 weeks after treatment initiation due to aspiration pneumonia. Our study provides insight that sarcoidosis can lead to changes in T cell subset frequencies, which predisposes to progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Although immunosuppressive drugs should be avoided in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, paradoxically in patients with sarcoidosis treatment with the immunosuppressive infliximab might restore normal T cell distribution and thereby halt progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy progression.
SITVITBovis—a publicly available database and mapping tool to get an improved overview of animal and human cases caused by Mycobacterium bovis
Authors: Couvin David , Cervera-Marzal Iñaki , David Audrey , Reynaud Yann , Rastogi Nalin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Limited data are available for bovine tuberculosis and the infections it can cause in humans and other mammals. We therefore constructed a publicly accessible SITVITBovis database that incorporates genotyping and epidemiological data on Mycobacterium bovis. It also includes limited data on Mycobacterium caprae (previously synonymous with the name M. bovis subsp. Caprae) that can infect both animals and humans. SITVITBovis incorporates data on 25,741 isolates corresponding to 60 countries of origin (75 countries of isolation). It reports a total of 1000 spoligotype patterns: 537 spoligotype international types (SITs, containing 25 278 clinical isolates) and 463 orphan patterns, allowing a wide overview of the geographic distribution of various phylogenetical sublineages (BOV_1, BOV_2, BOV_3 and BOV_4-CAPRAE). The SIT identifiers of the SITVITBovis were compared to the SB numbers of the Mbovis.org database to facilitate crosscheck among databases. Note that SITVITBovis also contains limited information on mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats when available. Significant differences were observed when comparing age/gender of human isolates as well as various hosts. The database includes information on the regions where a strain was isolated as well as hosts involved, making it possible to see geographic trends. SITVITBovis is publicly accessible at: http://www.pasteur-guadeloupe.fr:8081/SITVIT_Bovis. Finally, a future second version is currently in progress to allow query of associated whole-genome sequencing data.
Database URLhttp://www.pasteur-guadeloupe.fr:8081/SITVIT_Bovis