bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les discriminations entre les femmes et les hommes
Authors: Junter Annie , Sénac Réjane 
Published: March 2021

Résumé Le propos de ce chapitre est d’interroger le contraste entre la stabilité de la catégorie juridique et politique d’égalité, en particulier appliquée à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, et le « novlangue » du débat politique et économique autour de la diversité. Il s’agit de questionner la place de la diversité dans le champ juridique et politique pour tenter de comprendre ce qui se cache derrière la fascination exercée par ce terme. Les auteures nuancent l’affirmation selon laquelle on assiste à un remplacement des catégories juridiques par des normes managériales pour défendre l’hypothèse d’une cohabitation normative source de tensions. Pour cela, dans la première partie intitulée « la diversité sans obligation », elles analysent l’émergence de la diversité comme une alternative à la montée du droit de la non-discrimination. Dans la seconde partie intitulée « la diversité sans droit », elles examinent ses enjeux sur les contenus et l’usage des normes d’égalité et de non-discrimination.
Les discriminations entre les femmes et les hommes
Authors: Milewski Françoise 
Published: March 2021

Résumé L’insertion des femmes sur le marché du travail a connu à la fois des avancées et des reculs. Si davantage de femmes accèdent à l’éducation supérieure et aux emplois qualifiés, d’autres sont touchées par la précarité et connaissent une dégradation de leurs conditions de travail et de vie. Face à ce constat ambivalent, on peut questionner la mise en œuvre et l’efficacité des politiques qui visent à promouvoir l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes. Ce chapitre a pour objectif de soulever quelques débats. Le plus souvent, les politiques publiques au sens large (y compris la protection sociale) sont définies en termes de compensation et de correction des inégalités et des discriminations. Mais elles ne concernent pas les causes effectives de l’extension du sous-emploi des femmes, qui relèvent du fonctionnement même du marché du travail. C’est donc la définition des politiques publiques qu’il faut interroger, en dépassant une vision binaire qui oppose d’une part un champ économique extérieur, d’autre part un champ social, juridique et culturel qui, seul, pourrait être l’objet d’inflexions. En réalité, le champ économique est aussi le produit des politiques publiques : la libre-concurrence et la prééminence du marché sont le résultat d’une action volontaire des États. Il faut donc réintégrer les politiques économiques dans le champ de la réflexion sur les moyens de combattre les discriminations à l’encontre des femmes.
La bande dessinée durant le Printemps érable (2012), un outil de diffusion et de mobilisation pour une lutte en cours
Authors: Rannou Maël 
Published: March 2021

Cet article analyse la manière dont la bande dessinée a été utilisée durant le « Printemps érable », mobilisation sociale majeure ayant eu lieu de février à septembre 2012 au Québec. L’article présente différents types d’usages de la BD durant le conflit : popularisation et pédagogie des luttes, témoignages directs et parodies politiques. Une dernière partie met en exergue le rôle mobilisateur de la production de fanzines et des ateliers collectifs.
L’automédia, objet de luttes symboliques et figure controversée. Le cas de la médiatisation de la lutte contre le barrage de Sivens (2012-2015)
Authors: Thiong-Kay Laurent 
Published: March 2021

Centré sur la figure de l’automédia, cet article ambitionne de questionner la réalité sociale que recouvre cette fonction du point de vue des acteurs qui s’en réclament, mais également en termes de perception chez les journalistes qui les côtoient. Situé sur le terrain de la médiatisation mais également sur celui du militantisme, l’automédia doit être resitué dans les dynamiques sociales qui lui permettent d’advenir. Pour ce faire, l’article propose de revenir sur les transformations historiques du champ journalistique et les mutations du militantisme qui permettent l’apparition puis la persistance de cette figure originale. Il se penche ensuite sur les représentations en vigueur au sujet de l’automédia, en se basant empiriquement sur le travail que nous avons mené au sujet de la production médiatique de l’opposition au barrage de Sivens sur Internet. L’article permet ainsi d’étayer l’idée selon laquelle « être automédia » revient à occuper un rôle complexe, entre position dominée au sein du champ journalistique et identité militante contrariée.
Les morts au camp d’internement de Drancy (1941-1944)
Authors: Lehr Johanna 
Published: March 2021

Malgré une amorce de recherche lancée par Serge Klarsfeld en 1978, les Juifs morts au camp d’internement de Drancy entre 1941 et 1944 sont restés non identifiés et leurs lieux d’inhumation inconnus. Or leurs corps ont fait l’objet de la part des autorités françaises d’un ensemble de procédures policières, judiciaires, médicales et administratives dont la normalité peut surprendre. Notre recherche, basée sur des archives jamais exploitées, a permis de retrouver les morts du camp de Drancy et leurs tombes. Elle met au jour un nouvel aspect des relations entre autorités françaises et occupants nazis, et éclaire une fonction assumée par l’Union générale des israélites de France : enterrer les Juifs morts en camps d’internement.
Avian Responses to Vegetation Changes From Post Oak Savanna Restoration Efforts in Eastern Texas
Authors: McInnerney Courtney , Comer Christopher E. , Oswald Brian , Masse Roger J. , Schalk Christopher M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOnce covering approximately 46 million hectares of the Midwestern United States extending from southern Wisconsin southward into Texas, canopy cover of oak savannas ranged from 10% to 70%, and were dominated by fire-resistant oak species such as bur oak Quercus macrocarpa and post oak Quercus stellata, with a well-developed, diverse herbaceous layer dominated by fire-adapted grasses and forbs. In response to the loss and degradation of oak savannas, associated wildlife populations have experienced long-term declines. For example, 70% of disturbance-dependent bird species in the United States have experienced declines, with most of these species being associated with grasslands, oak savannas, and open forest communities. Few studies have documented the success of restoration in post oak savanna systems in regard to breeding bird assemblages. Our objective was to quantify avian abundance, density, species richness, and assemblage structure under three site conditions (reference, restored, and partially restored [aka unrestored]) within post oak savannas at Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area in eastern Texas. We conducted vegetation and avian transect surveys postrestoration (2016–2017) and compared our results with prerestoration baseline surveys conducted in 2009. Restoration initiated in 2010 was partially successful, with vegetation changes that closely resemble presettlement characteristics, with the appearance of obligate grassland species. Specifically, prerestoration, one dickcissel Spiza americana and no lark sparrows Chondestes grammacus were detected. By 2017, dickcissel density in the restored sites was similar to densities recorded on tallgrass prairie and other high-quality habitat in the southern portion of its range. Lark sparrows were also detected, but at low densities. We also observed the persistence and increase of several woodland and open woodland species over time. These patterns are likely attributed to the creation of a mosaic of microhabitats selected by these species, such as the persistence of mottes, as well as their increased edge-to-area ratios. Restoration sites that are larger in size and in closer proximity to other restored or remnant savannas should have a higher priority to increase their likelihood of recolonization by target species. Restoration efforts may still be successful in more isolated areas, such as Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area, but conducting postrestoration monitoring will further elucidate site-specific restoration dynamics.
Added Value: Gopher Tortoise Surveys Provide Estimates of Gopher Frog Abundance in Tortoise Burrows
Authors: Smith Lora L. , Howze Jennifer M. , Staiger Jennifer S. , Sievers Eric R. , Burr Deborah , Enge Kevin M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe gopher frog Lithobates capito is one of the most terrestrial frogs in the southeastern United States and often inhabits gopher tortoise burrows Gopherus polyphemus outside of the breeding season. Gopher frog populations have declined, and the species is under review for listing as threatened or endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Much of our knowledge on the status of gopher frogs is based on detections of larvae at breeding wetlands, which can be challenging because of environmental variability and provides no information on the terrestrial life stages of the species. Therefore, an alternative method is called for. We recorded observations of gopher frogs during gopher tortoise surveys at four conservation lands in Florida and used line-transect distance sampling to estimate frog abundance. We also recorded burrow size, incidence of frog co-occupancy with tortoises, and distance from frog-occupied burrows to breeding wetlands. We observed 274 gopher frogs in 1,097 tortoise burrows at the four sites. The proportion of burrows occupied by gopher frogs among sites ranged from 0.17 to 0.25. Gopher frog abundance in tortoise burrows was 742 (512–1,076 95% CL) at Etoniah Creek State Forest, 465 (352–615) at Ft. White Wildlife Environmental Area, 411 (283–595) at Mike Roess Gold Head Branch State Park, and 134 (97–186) at Watermelon Pond Wildlife Environmental Area. We observed up to four frogs in a single burrow. The proportion of frogs detected in burrows occupied by a gopher tortoise ranged from 0.46 to 0.79 among sites, and overall, gopher frogs preferred burrows occupied by tortoises over unoccupied burrows (χ2 = 15.875; df = 3; P = 0.001). Gopher frogs used burrows from 7 to 43 cm in width; mean width of frog-occupied burrows did not differ from that of unoccupied burrows (F1,3 = 0.049, P = 0.825). Distance from frog-occupied tortoise burrows to the nearest breeding wetland ranged from 141 to 3,402 m. Our data on gopher frogs collected in conjunction with gopher tortoise monitoring efforts using line-transect distance sampling and burrow cameras provided novel information on frog abundance in their terrestrial habitat and required no additional effort. However, the extent to which frogs use tortoise burrows relative to other available refuges (small mammal burrows, stumps, or other structures) is unknown; thus, our estimates should be considered conservative. We suggest that terrestrial abundance estimates for gopher frogs can complement efforts to monitor breeding activity to provide a more comprehensive means of monitoring population trends in this cryptic species.
PROSES PEMBANGUNAN RUMAH ADAT UMA BEI KMEDA DI DESA LOROTOLUS KABUPATEN MALAKA - NTT
Authors: Deni Yosef Nahak Berek  , Frysa Wiriantari, ST, MT.  
Published: March 2021

Bangsa Indonesia adalah bangsa yang kaya akan budaya dan arsitekturnya. Sudah sejak lama, nenek moyang Bangsa Indonesia memiliki pengetahuan tentang teknologi bangunan yang cukup maju pada jamannya. Penemuan tentang beberapa arsitektur jaman prasejarah membuktikan bahwa sesungguhya arsitektur sudah ada sejak jaman itu. Pengetahuan tentang penggunaan bahan material yang banyak tersedia di alam sekitarnyapun sudah berkembang pada saat itu serta upaya untuk menggabungkan material tersebut menjadi sebuah Sistem Struktur dan Konstruksi yang sangat kuat dan sesuai dengan fungsinyapun masih dapat kita jumpai sampai saat ini. Tetapi apapun bentuk bangunannya, itu membuktikan bahwa Rasa Seni dan nilai Estetikanya sangat dijunjung tinggi pada jaman itu karena arsitekturnya sejalan dengan kekuatan struktur dan konstruksinya. Arsitektur jaman dulu selalu memakai material / bahan bangunan tradisional yang secara alamiah namun dapat menghasilkan suatu wadah yang mempunyai fungsional dan fleksibel.
penelitian tentang arsitektur lainnya telah banyak menjelaskan bahwa gaya arsitektur vernacular adalah sangat cocok dengan kehidupan jaman itu sebab arsitektur vernacular gaya arsitektur yang dirancang berdasarkan kebutuhan lokal, ketersediaan bahan bangunan dan mencerminkan tradisi lokal. secara keseluruhan dalam pertimbangan praktis, seperti menunjukkan adaptasi terhadap iklim lokal, geografi, dan lingkungan atau dalam perlengkapan dan keterbatasan-keterbatasan materi tertentu yang digunakan dalam konstruksi. Penelitian lain juga telah berusaha menjelaskan setiap aspek desain pada masyarakat skala kecil berdasarkan prinsip kosmologi, yang diturunkan oleh leluhurnya. Rumah adat Uma Bei Kmeda merupakan sala satu gaya vernacular yang proses pembangunannya masih di pertahankan tradisinya sampai saat ini
GEDUNG PARKIR DI SEMINYAK KUTA-BADUNG
Authors: I Nyoman Gede Suaryadinata  
Published: March 2021

Kunjungan wisatawan ke Bali tiap tahunnya semakin meningkat, hal ini secara langsung berdampak kepada kepadatan lalu lintas. Khususnya kawasan Seminyak yang merupakan primadona pusat hiburan dan wisata di Bali Selatan. Banyaknya para wisatawan yang berkunjung ke kawasan Seminyak, berdampak pada meningkatnya jumlah kendaraan yang melintas di kawasan tersebut. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah tidak seimbangnya antara jumlah kendaraan yang parkir dengan lahan parkir yang tersedia, hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya kemacetan di kawasan tersebut karena banyak adanya pelanggaran lalu lintas. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka perlu diadakannya sebuah wadah guna menampung kendaraan-kendaraan yang akan parkir. Wadah tersebut dapat berupa sebuah Gedung Parkir yang dimana nantinya diharapkan dapat mengurangi tingkat kemacetan yang diakibatkan oleh pelanggaran lalu lintas kendaraan yang parkir disembarang jalan.
Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan induktif untuk membangun konsep-konsep perancangan dan perencanaan. Konsep tersebut dirumuskan dari beberapa unsur/unit informasi di antaranya: hasil observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan ahli/dinas terkait, studi literatur, studi banding dan studi standar-standar arsitektur serta studi peraturan daerah.
Dalam perencanaan dan perancangan Gedung Parkir di Seminyak Kuta-Badung ini menerapkan tema Arsitektur High Tech, yang dimana penerapannya lebih menonjolakan nilai dasar fungsional dari bangunan tersebut dengan cara mengekspos bentuk struktur dan peralatan ME didalamnya. Konsep dasar dari bangunan ini juga mengedepankan nilai fungsional didalamnya yaitu Aman dan Efektif. Seperti maknanya kata “aman” disini memiliki arti yaitu dapat memberikan keadaan bebas dari bahaya. Istilah ini bisa digunakan dengan hubungan kepada kejahatan, segala bentuk kecelakaan, dan lain-lain. Sedangkan kata “efektif” memiliki arti dapat menciptakan sirkulasi dan ruang yang ada harus ditata dengan baik dan teratur agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara maksimal.
Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga, Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional, dan Loan to Deposit Ratio Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2018
Authors: Hasibuan Efritati , Theresya Hanny , Gaol Lidya Fronika Lumban , Sitepu Wilsa Road Bettermen 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to find and examine how the effect of DPK, BOPO, and LDR on Profitability in the Banking Sector Listed on the IDX 2016-2018. Descriptive method is used in this research method and also the quantitative approach, and this type of quantitative research aims to examine the population and sample. And to examine the population and the sample the researcher used a purposive sampling technique. Population of 44 companies with a sample of 17 companies from 2016-2018. Data collection techniques consist of reviewing documentation data and secondary data sources from the IDX financial statements for the 2016- 2018 period. This research has been tested in multiple linear regression studies. Existing data will be tested with the Classical Assumption Test. Hypothesis testing and classical assumption tests use the T and F tests in SPSS. DPK has a positive and significant effect on profitability partially, BOPO has no effect and is not significant to partially Profitability, LDR has a partial and significant effect on Profitability in the Banking Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
O planejamento do setor elétrico brasileiro
Authors: Rovere Emilio Lèbre La 
Published: March 2021

É impossível ficar indiferente diante da construção de grandes barragens para produzir energia elétrica. De um lado, há quem se impressione pelo tamanho da obra, pelo esforço empreendido na fabricação de sofisticados equipamentos e pela capacidade do Homem em transformar a Natureza (o rio vira lago) para dela retirar a eletricidade que tanto conforto lhe proporciona. Por outro lado, há sempre grande polêmica sobre como evitar as consequências negativas da barragem para a população local; comunidades expulsas pela inundação de suas terras, populações ribeirinhas prejudicadas pelas mudanças do regime do rio a jusante, cidades sem condições de abrigar o grande número de migrantes que acorrem em função da obra, etc. Isto sem falar na eventualidade do projeto afetar a vida de comunidades indígenas, como vem ocorrendo recentemente no Brasil. [...]
La organización territorial de Colombia. Una lectura a 30 años de la Constitución Política de 1991
Authors: Estupiñán Achury Lliliana 
Published: March 2021

El pacto territorial de la Constitución Política de 1991 ha sido afectado por procesos de recentralización, exacerbación del sistema de gobierno presidencial y del Estado central en detrimento del precario principio de la autonomía propio de la adopción del modelo territorial unitario. Se observan algunos avances significativos en materia de descentralización política y administrativa, poco en materia fiscal. A treinta años de la Asamblea Nacional Constituyente de 1991, todo invita a una gran revisión constitucional del tema de la distribución del poder en el territorio y de la descentralización de la economíay las oportunidades en una geografía que sigue presa del conflicto, la ilegalidad, la corrupción y la desinstitucionalización. Barajar de nuevo en materia territorial se aproxima para el caso colombiano.
A set of RT-PCR assays for detection of all known avian paramyxoviruses and application in surveillance of avian paramyxoviruses in China
Authors: Jin Ji-Hui , Wang Jing-Jing , Ren Ying-Chao , Liu Shuo , Li Jin-Ping , Hou Guang-Yu , Liu Hua-Lei , Zhuang Qing-Ye , Wang Su-Chun , Jiang Wen-Ming , Yu Xiao-Hui , Yu Jian-Min , Yuan Li-Ping , Peng Cheng , Zhang Guo-Zhong , Chen Ji-Ming 
Published: March 2021

Background
Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs), also termed avian avulaviruses, are of a vast diversity and great significance in poultry. Detection of all known APMVs is challenging, and distribution of APMVs have not been well investigated.

Methods
A set of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays for detection of all known APMVs were established using degenerate primers targeting the viral polymerase L gene. The assays were preliminarily evaluated using in-vitro transcribed double-stranded RNA controls and 24 known viruses, and then they were employed to detect 4,346 avian samples collected from 11 provinces.

Results
The assays could detect 20–200 copies of the double-stranded RNA controls, and detected correctly the 24 known viruses. Of the 4,346 avian samples detected using the assays, 72 samples were found positive. Of the 72 positives, 70 were confirmed through sequencing, indicating the assays were specific for APMVs. The 4,346 samples were also detected using a reported RT-PCR assay, and the results showed this RT-PCR assay was less sensitive than the assays reported here. Of the 70 confirmed positives, 40 were class I Newcastle disease virus (NDV or APMV-1) and 27 were class II NDV from poultry including chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons, and three were APMV-2 from parrots. The surveillance identified APMV-2 in parrots for the first time, and revealed that prevalence of NDVs in live poultry markets was higher than that in poultry farms. The surveillance also suggested that class I NDVs in chickens could be as prevalent as in ducks, and class II NDVs in ducks could be more prevalent than in chickens, and class II NDVs could be more prevalent than class I NDVs in ducks. Altogether, we developed a set of specific and sensitive RT-PCR assays for detection of all known APMVs, and conducted a large-scale surveillance using the assays which shed novel insights into APMV epidemiology.
Improved Output Performance of Triboelectric Nanogenerator by Fast Accumulation Process of Surface Charges
Authors: Li Yanhong , Zhao Zhihao , Liu Lu , Zhou Linglin , Liu Di , Li Shaoxin , Chen Shengyang , Dai Yejing , Wang Jie , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs a promising energy harvesters, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) can be utilized to convert distributed energy into electric power, but the slow charge accumulation incorporated with the inevitable charge decay/leakage of conventional TENGs result in a low surface charge density and an inferior output performance, limiting their practical applications. Here, an effective strategy is proposed to realize high charge density by using a fast charge accumulation process on dielectric material with high relative permittivity. As a result, the charge density is tremendously improved to 2.20 mC m−2 on the poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) film. Meanwhile, the fast charge accumulation is highly conducive to reach a high charge density of 1.30 mC m−2 in a 90% relative humidity environment, which is ≈260 times that of a TENG with slow charge accumulation. This work not only provides a new insight into charge accumulation and equilibrium state, but also provides significant guidance on the performance optimization of TENG.
2021 Update on Diffuse large B cell lymphoma: A review of current data and potential applications on risk stratification and management
Authors: Susanibar‐Adaniya Sandra , Barta Stefan K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDiffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common type of Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases with different biology, clinical presentations, and response to treatment. R‐CHOP remains the mainstay of therapy and can achieve long‐term disease control in nearly 90% of patients presenting with limited‐stage and in up to 60% of those presenting with advanced stages. Advances on the understanding of the genetic landscape and molecular features of DLBCL have identified high‐risk subsets with poor outcomes to chemo‐immunotherapy that are actively being studied in clinical trials. Novel therapies could potentially improve outcomes for patients with high‐risk disease. Studies evaluating risk‐adapted therapy based on classification by cell of origin (COO) and molecular features are ongoing. Developments in the fields of immunotherapy, mostly with adoptive T‐cell therapy, have significantly improved the outcomes of patients with relapsed refractory disease. In this review, we will summarize the recent data and discuss ongoing efforts to improve DLBCL treatment in the frontline and relapsed refractory settings.