bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The transcription factors SIX3 and VAX1 are required for suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian output and fertility in female mice
Authors: Hoffmann Hanne M. , Meadows Jason D. , Breuer Joseph A. , Yaw Alexandra M. , Nguyen Duong , Tonsfeldt Karen J. , Chin Austin Y. , Devries Brooke M. , Trang Crystal , Oosterhouse Haley J. , Lee Jessica Sora , Doser Jeffrey W. , Gorman Michael R. , Welsh David K. , Mellon Pamela L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe homeodomain transcription factors sine oculis homeobox 3 (Six3) and ventral anterior homeobox 1 (Vax1) are required for brain development. Their expression in specific brain areas is maintained in adulthood, where their functions are poorly understood. To identify the roles of Six3 and Vax1 in neurons, we conditionally deleted each gene using Synapsincre, a promoter targeting maturing neurons, and generated Six3syn and Vax1syn mice. Six3syn and Vax1syn females, but not males, had reduced fertility, due to impairment of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge driving ovulation. In nocturnal rodents, the LH surge requires a precise timing signal from the brain's circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), near the time of activity onset. Indeed, both Six3syn and Vax1syn females had impaired rhythmic SCN output, which was associated with weakened Period 2 molecular clock function in both Six3syn and Vax1syn mice. These impairments were associated with a reduction of the SCN neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide in Vax1syn mice and a modest weakening of SCN timekeeping function in both Six3syn and Vax1syn mice. Changes in SCN function were associated with mistimed peak PER2::LUC expression in the SCN and pituitary in both Six3syn and Vax1syn females. Interestingly, Six3syn ovaries presented reduced sensitivity to LH, causing reduced ovulation during superovulation. In conclusion, we have identified novel roles of the homeodomain transcription factors SIX3 and VAX1 in neurons, where they are required for proper molecular circadian clock function, SCN rhythmic output, and female fertility.
Solvent‐induced enantioselectivity reversal in a chiral metal organic framework
Authors: Slater Benjamin D. , Hill Matthew R. , Ladewig Bradley P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSolvent‐induced enantioselectivity reversal is a rarely reported phenomenon in porous homochiral materials. Similar behavior has been studied in chiral high performance liquid chromatography, where minor modifications to the mobile phase can induce elution order reversal of two enantiomers on a chiral stationary phase column. We report the first instance of solvent‐induced enantioselectivity reversal in a homochiral metal organic framework. Further, we highlight the complex enantioselectivity behavior of homochiral metal organic frameworks toward racemic mixtures in the presence of solvents through racemate‐solvent enantioselectivity and loading experiments as well as enantiopure‐solvent loading experiments. We hypothesize that this interesting selectivity reversal behavior is likely to be observed in other competitive adsorption, nonchiral selective processes involving a solvent.
Impacts of mobile payment‐related attributes on consumers' repurchase intention
Authors: Sun Sunny , Law Rob , Schuckert Markus , Hyun Sunghyup Sean 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough website functionality and usability have gained much attention of previous research, along with the recent development of mobile payment, payment behavior of travelers has been gradually changed. Nevertheless, limited studies have investigated the impact of mobile payment‐related functionality and usability on consumers' hotel repurchase intention. Hence, this study developed a new research framework based on the website evaluation conceptual model and the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Results show that mobile payment‐related usability on customer satisfaction is transmitted by mobile payment‐related attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. The findings can assist tourism practitioners in facilitating hotel reservation processes.
Inhibition of suppressor of cytokine signaling‐3 affects mesangial cell proliferation and cell cycle in mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis
Authors: Liu Min , Wang Ya‐Chao , Zhou Jun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo explore the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling‐3 (SOCS‐3) in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN). SOCS‐3 expression in kidney tissues from MsPGN patients was detected using immunohistochemistry. Double immunofluorescence staining was performed to investigate the localization of SOCS‐3 with α‐SMA in glomeruli. Heminephrectomized wild‐type (WT) and SOCS‐3−/− (KO) mice were injected with Habu‐snake venom (HSV) to establish MsPGN models, and renal function were compared. Simultaneously, immunofluorescence, periodic acid‐Schiff staining, Picrosirius red staining, as well as immunohistochemistry for PCNA, MAC‐2 and type IV collagen in glomeruli were performed. In addition, primary mouse renal mesangial cells and SV40 MES‐13 cells were transfected with SOCS‐3 siRNA or SOCS‐3 lentiviral activation particles, followed by EdU assay, flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. Mesangial SOCS‐3 expression was enhanced in glomeruli of MsPGN patients, and SOCS‐3 was well co‐localized with activated α‐SMA. After HSV injection, WT and KO mice presented with the increases in the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and urinary protein, especially in KO mice. Besides, SOCS‐3−/− alleviated the hyperplasia of glomerular MCs in MsPGN mice, with the reductions in PCNA, MAC‐2, and collagen deposition. Furthermore, SOCS‐3 inhibition reduced the cell proportion at S phase to suppress cell proliferation, with the downregulations of Cyclin A, Cyclin D1, PCNA, and Ki‐67. SOCS‐3 knockout can alleviate the hyperplasia of glomerular MCs in MsPGN mice via affecting the cell cycle and proliferation of MCs, thus being a potential therapeutic target for MsPGN.
Changes in spectral quality of underwater light alter phytoplankton community composition
Authors: Hintz Nils Hendrik , Zeising Moritz , Striebel Maren 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLight is a fundamental resource for phytoplankton. To utilize the available light, most phytoplankton species possess pigments in taxon‐specific combinations and quantities, which in turn result in a specific use of certain wavelengths. This optimizes the light use efficiency, allows for a complementary use of light, and may be an additional driver for community structure. While the effects of light intensity on phytoplankton biomass production and community composition have been intensively studied, here we focused on the effects of specific light spectrum quality (thus light color) on a natural phytoplankton community. In a controlled mesocosm experiment we reduced the supplied wavelength range to its blue, green, or red part of the light spectrum and compared the responses of each treatment to a full spectrum control over 28 d. Highest community growth rates were observed under blue, lowest under red light. Light absorption by the communities showed adaptation toward the supplied wavelength range. Community composition was significantly affected by light quality treatments, driven by Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta, whereas pigment composition was not. Furthermore, lower species richness but higher evenness occurred when communities were exposed to red light compared to the full spectrum. We expected the response of phytoplankton communities to changes in the light spectrum to be driven by a combination of species sorting and pigment acclimation; however, the effect of species sorting turned out to be stronger. Our study showed that, even if species might acclimate, changes in the available light spectrum affect primary production and phytoplankton community composition.
Control of Glucose‐Induced Degradation and Cargo Release in Multi‐Responsive Polymer Hydrogels
Authors: Ali Akbar , Nagumantri Sai P. , Rakshit Tatini , Pal Suchetan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOn‐demand cargo/drug release from hydrogel under physiological conditions is a significant challenge for advanced therapeutics. Specifically, smart hydrogels capable of the glucose‐responsive release of anti‐diabetic drugs are of current research thurst. Despite the recent developments, there is a need for more glucose‐sensing hydrogel that retain the properties in a wide‐range of pH environments. Herein, a facile and generalized fabrication strategy of multiple stimuli (pH, glucose, and hydrogen peroxide)‐responsive hydrogels is reported. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is crosslinked with three bis‐boronic acid molecules‐ benzene‐1,4‐diboronic acid (1,4‐BDBA), 4,4′‐biphenyldiboronic acid (4,4′‐BPDBA), tetrahydroxydiboron(THDB) in ambient conditions to produce hydrogels with water content > 80% and suitable for (macro)molecular cargo incorporation in the matrix. Extensive analytical studies suggest that hydrogels derived from 1,4‐BDBA and 4,4′‐BPDBA show degradation under the stimuli mentioned earlier, but THDB crosslinked hydrogel does not degrade under pH or glucose environment. This unusual property allows the incorporation of glucose oxidase (GOx) in the hydrogel matrix that imparts the glucose responsiveness for THDB crosslinked hydrogel. Finally, the glucose‐specific release of (macro)molecular cargo/drugs is demonstrated in a glucose oxidase containing PVA/THDB hydrogel in the physiological milieu. The hydrogel developed herein will open up new ways to develop glucose‐specific smart‐matrix for the on‐demand delivery of drugs.
Codeposition of Polyethyleneimine/Catechol on Fully Drawn Polyester Fiber‐Bundles for Investigating Interfacial Properties with Epoxy Resin
Authors: Chen Yuan , Wu Hailiang , Yan Chao , Wu Xiaoqing , Wei Junfu , Fang Jing , Zhong Zhili 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMussel‐inspiration is extensively utilized for multifunctional modification on the surface of universal materials. Polyphenols are more and more exploited for mussel‐inspired chemistry to replace polydopamine owing to their ubiquitousness and inexpensiveness. Herein, to explore the interfacial properties between fully drawn yarn (FDY) polyester fiber‐bundle and epoxy matrix, codeposition of polyethyleneimine/catechol (PEI/CCh) is used to modify FDY polyester fiber‐bundles by mussel‐inspired method. The orthogonal experiments are performed to obtain the optimum formula which is 2 g L−1 PEI, 1 g L−1 CCh, and 24 h codeposition time. The results of surface structure characterization measured via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive X‐ray indicate that PEI/CCh aggregates are uniformly coated on fiber surface to fabricate continuously lamellar structures. The surface hydrophilicity and water infiltration rate constant are acquired by water contact angle. These results elucidated that FDY fiber surface is successfully endowed with polyethyleneimine/catechol aggregates and surface hydrophilicity greatly improved. Single fiber‐bundle pull‐out tests are conducted to evaluate the interfacial strength. Compared to pure fiber‐bundle specimens, there are 67.57%, 57.63%, and 45.07% increase of initial debonding load, peak load, and interfacial shear strength, respectively.
Bioderived Bilayer Shell Modification β‐FeOOH Nanorods via Self‐Assembly Technique as Sustainable Flame Retardants for Enhancing Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Resin
Authors: Sui Yanlong , Dai Xueyan , Li Peihong , Zhang Chunling 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe design and application of bioderived flame retardants have been widely conducted to meet the concept of green and sustainable development. Here, self‐assembly technique is used to prepare core–shell bioderived additives by using β‐FeOOH as the core and polydopamine (PDA)/tannic acid (TA) bilayer as the shell, following adsorption of nickel ions to enhance the thermal stability, flame retardancy, and mechanical properties of epoxy resin (EP). The molecular structure of biobased resources is rich in hydroxyl groups and carbon content, which can be dehydrated and carbonized during combustion and promote the formation of robust protective char layer. With the addition of 5 wt% β‐FeOOH@PTNi, the EP composites can pass V‐0 rating in the UL‐94 test. The peak heat release rate and total heat release decrease by 28.4% and 17.4% compared with pure EP. The bioderived nanorods can capture the oxygen free radicals, contributing to flame retarding in gaseous phase. Thus, the release of high‐toxic CO and flammable gaseous is significantly suppressed. Besides, the storage modulus of EP composites increases by 16.0% with the addition of 5% β‐FeOOH@PTNi compared with pure EP. This work provides a sustainable methodology for the design of bioderived flame retardants for EP.
Titanium carbide MXene for generating Q‐switched pulses in erbium‐doped fiber laser cavity
Authors: Sahib M. A. A. B. , Zulkipli N. F. , Rosol Ahmad Haziq Aiman , Yasin Moh , Harun Sulaiman Wadi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a new thin‐film saturable absorber (SA) that belongs to the MXene family is used to generate Q‐switched laser pulses. In constructing the SA, titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) powder obtained through a selective etching process is dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol solution before the mixture is dried to form a thin film. A small piece of the film is placed between two fiber ferrules to form a SA device and added to a laser cavity of an erbium‐doped fiber laser to produce Q‐switched pulses in the region of 1561 nm. The repetition rate of the pulses can be varied between 45.25 and 65.59 kHz with the corresponding pulse width of 5.04–3.11 μs when the pump power is increased from 29.8 to 66.3 mW. At the maximum output power of 8.17 mW, the highest pulse energy of 125 nJ is obtained.
Proton stopping power prediction based on dual‐energy CT‐generated virtual monoenergetic images
Authors: Näsmark Torbjörn , Andersson Jonas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this work was to assess a proof of concept for a novel method for predicting proton stopping power ratios (SPRs) based on a pair of dual‐energy CT generated virtual monoenergetic (VM) images.Materials and methodsA rapid kV‐switching dual‐energy CT scanner was used to acquire Gemstone Spectral Imaging (GSI) and 120 kV conventional single‐energy CT (SECT) image data of the CIRS 062M phantom. The proposed method was applied to every possible pairing of VM images between 40 and 140 keV to find the optimal energy pairs for SPR prediction in lung tissue, soft tissue, and bone. The predicted SPRs were compared against SPRs predicted from the SECT data using the conventional SECT‐based method. The impact of different scan and reconstruction parameters was also investigated.ResultsThe SPR residual root mean square errors (RMSE) yielded by the optimal pairs were 7.2% for lung tissue, 0.4% for soft tissue, and 0.8% for bone. While no direct comparison could be made to other DECT‐based methods for SPR prediction, as these methods could not be directly implemented on a fast kV‐switching system, the SPR RMSEs for soft tissue and bone in Table 4 are comparable to RMSEs reported in the literature. For the conventional SECT‐based method, the SPR RMSEs were 5.9% for lung tissue, 0.9% for soft tissue, and 5.1% for bone.ConclusionsThe proposed method is a valid alternative to, and has the potential to improve upon, the conventional SECT‐based method for predicting SPRs. The formalism used in the method is applied directly, with no approximations made on our part, and requires neither prior knowledge of the spectra nor calibration with a phantom. This work presents a way of optimizing the proposed method for a specific scanner by determining the optimal energy pairs to use as input and demonstrates the method's robustness to different levels of ASiR‐V, reconstruction kernels, and dose levels.
Report of AAPM Task Group 219 on independent calculation‐based dose/MU verification for IMRT
Authors: Zhu Timothy C. , Stathakis Sotiris , Clark Jennifer R. , Feng Wenzheng , Georg Dietmar , Holmes Shannon M. , Kry Stephen F. , Ma Chang‐Ming Charlie , Miften Moyed , Mihailidis Dimitris , Moran Jean M. , Papanikolaou Niko , Poppe Bjorn , Xiao Ying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIndependent verification of the dose per monitor unit (MU) to deliver the prescribed dose to a patient has been a mainstay of radiation oncology quality assurance (QA). We discuss the role of secondary dose/MU calculation programs as part of a comprehensive QA program. This report provides guidelines on calculation‐based dose/MU verification for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) provided by various modalities. We provide a review of various algorithms for “independent/second check” of monitor unit calculations for IMRT/VMAT. The report makes recommendations on the clinical implementation of secondary dose/MU calculation programs; on commissioning and acceptance of various commercially available secondary dose/MU calculation programs; on benchmark QA and periodic QA; and on clinically reasonable action levels for agreement of secondary dose/MU calculation programs.
Interstitial amyloidosis in sporadic inclusion body myositis
Authors: Alamr Mazen , Milone Margherita , Naddaf Elie , Ytterberg Steven R. , Steel Stephanie J. , Jones Lyell K. , Liewluck Teerin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsIntracellular congophilic inclusions within muscle fibers, although nonspecific, are one of the pathological hallmarks of sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM). Extracellular amyloid deposits in muscle, on the other hand, are the canonical findings of amyloid myopathies, which occur with or without systemic amyloidosis.MethodsWe reviewed the muscle biopsy database (1998–2020) to identify sIBM patients with extracellular amyloid deposits. Clinical and laboratory data were reviewed.ResultsWe identified five sIBM patients (three clinicopathologically defined and two clinically defined) with extracellular amyloid deposits in muscle. Mean age at diagnosis was 74.8 y (range, 68–84 y). All patients had a typical sIBM pattern of weakness without associated sensory or autonomic symptoms. None had electrophysiological evidence of peripheral neuropathy. Only one patient had a monoclonal gammopathy (immunoglobulin M‐lambda, IgM‐λ) with normal bone marrow biopsy. This patient with monoclonal gammopathy and three other patients underwent abdominal fat pad aspirate and were negative for amyloid. Cardiac evaluation was unrevealing in the four patients tested. Three patients without monoclonal gammopathy had normal transthyretin gene sequencing and inconclusive mass spectrometry‐based analysis. The patient with monoclonal gammopathy died of pneumosepsis 5 y after diagnosis and autopsy revealed multi‐organ transthyretin amyloidosis.DiscussionDetection of extracellular amyloid deposition in muscle should trigger an aggressive search for systemic amyloidosis independently from other associated myopathological abnormalities. Amyloid subtyping is crucial for early therapy and mortality prevention. An isolated monoclonal gammopathy should not halt a search for non‐hematological causes of systemic amyloidosis.
Direct comparison of median and ulnar repetitive nerve stimulation in generalized myasthenia gravis
Authors: Pike‐Lee Tiffany , Higginbotham Dana , Li Yuebing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsUlnar nerve repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) has been traditionally used in the electrophysiological evaluation of myasthenia gravis (MG). However, its low diagnostic sensitivity remains a limitation. Existing data may suggest that median nerve RNS outperforms that of the ulnar nerve, but a direct comparison is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to directly compare the diagnostic yields between median and ulnar nerve RNS in patients with generalized MG.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients with MG who underwent median and ulnar nerve RNS at a single tertiary center.ResultsRNS studies of median nerve recording from the abductor pollicis brevis and ulnar nerve recording from the adductor digiti minimi were completed in 28 patients with generalized MG. Abnormal RNS was more frequently observed in the median compared with the ulnar nerve (60.7% vs 35.7%, P = .046). The average magnitude of decrement was higher in the median nerve compared with the ulnar nerve (17.3% vs 9.6%, P = .017). Differences between the median and ulnar nerve RNS studies were restricted to patients with mild manifestations (Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America class II).DiscussionMedian nerve RNS has superior diagnostic sensitivity as compared with ulnar nerve RNS in the assessment of mild generalized MG.
COVID‐19 vaccines are effective in people with obesity: A position statement from The Obesity Society
Authors: Butsch W. Scott , Hajduk Alexandra , Cardel Michelle I. , Donahoo William T. , Kyle Theodore K. , Stanford Fatima Cody , Zeltser Lori M. , Kotz Catherine M. , Jastreboff Ania M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe position statement is issued by The Obesity Society in response to published literature, as well as inquiries made to the Society by patients, providers, Society members, policy makers, and others regarding the efficacy of vaccines in persons with obesity against SARS‐CoV‐2, the virus that causes COVID‐19. The Obesity Society has critically evaluated data from published peer‐reviewed literature and briefing documents from Emergency Use Authorization applications submitted by Pfizer‐BioNTech, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson. We conclude that these vaccines are highly efficacious, and their efficacy is not significantly different in people with and without obesity, based on scientific evidence available at the time of publication. The Obesity Society believes there is no definitive way to determine which of these three COVID‐19 vaccines is “best” for any weight subpopulation (because of differences in the trial design and outcome measures in the phase 3 trials, elapsed time between doses, and regional differences in the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants [e.g., South Africa B.1.351 in Johnson & Johnson trial]). All three trials have demonstrated high efficacy against COVID‐19–associated hospitalization and death. Therefore, The Obesity Society encourages adults with obesity ≥18 years (≥16 years for Pfizer‐BioNTech) to undergo vaccination with any one of the currently available vaccines authorized for emergency use by the US Food and Drug Administration as soon as they are able.