bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal associations between alcohol use, smoking, genetic risk scoring and symptoms of depression in the general population: a prospective 6-year cohort study
Authors: de Boer N. , Vermeulen J. , Lin B. , van Os J. , ten Have M. , de Graaf R. , van Dorsselaer S. , Bak M. , Rutten B. , Batalla A. , Guloksuz S. , Luykx J. J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol consumption, smoking and mood disorders are leading contributors to the global burden of disease and are highly comorbid. Yet, their interrelationships have remained elusive. The aim of this study was to examine the multi-cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between (change in) smoking and alcohol use and (change in) number of depressive symptoms.MethodsIn this prospective, longitudinal study, 6646 adults from the general population were included with follow-up measurements after 3 and 6 years. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test multi-cross-sectional and longitudinal associations, with smoking behaviour, alcohol use and genetic risk scores for smoking and alcohol use as independent variables and depressive symptoms as dependent variables.ResultsIn the multi-cross-sectional analysis, smoking status and number of cigarettes per day were positively associated with depressive symptoms (p < 0.001). Moderate drinking was associated with less symptoms of depression compared to non-use (p = 0.011). Longitudinally, decreases in the numbers of cigarettes per day and alcoholic drinks per week as well as alcohol cessation were associated with a reduction of depressive symptoms (p = 0.001–0.028). Results of genetic risk score analyses aligned with these findings.ConclusionsWhile cross-sectionally smoking and moderate alcohol use show opposing associations with depressive symptoms, decreases in smoking behaviour as well as alcohol consumption are associated with improvements in depressive symptoms over time. Although we cannot infer causality, these results open avenues to further investigate interventions targeting smoking and alcohol behaviours in people suffering from depressive symptoms.
Transcatheter mechanical thrombectomy of neonatal occlusive aortic thrombus using an Amplatzer Piccolo PDA occluder
Authors: Herron Christopher , Covi Stuart , Pappas Athina , Kobayashi Daisuke 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNeonatal aortic thrombus is a rare and critical condition that can present mimicking severe coarctation of the aorta or interrupted aortic arch. Transcatheter thrombectomy for this lesion has not been well described. We report a premature neonate with an occlusive proximal descending aorta thrombus, who underwent transcatheter mechanical thrombectomy using an Amplatzer Piccolo PDA occluder (Abbott, North Chicago, IL, USA). The procedure was successful with no subsequent distal thromboembolic events.
Nutrition transition and chronic diseases in China (1990–2019): industrially processed and animal calories rather than nutrients and total calories as potential determinants of the health impact
Authors: Fardet Anthony , Aubrun Kenny , Rock Edmond 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjective:To extend analyses of nutrition transition in developed countries to China within the framework of the 3Vs rule considering degree of processing starting with plant/animal calorie ratio (Rule 1), industrially processed foods (IPFs, Rule 2), and food diversity through nutrient intakes (Rule 3).Design:Total and main food group (n13) calorie intakes, percentages of animal and IPF calories, adequacy of the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) and prevalence of chronic diseases were retrieved from scientific literature and international databases.Setting:China, 1990–2019.Participants:Overall population.Results:The total calorie intake decreased by 9 % over 30 years while the prevalence of chronic diseases substantially increased. Percentages of IPFs (Rule 1) and animal (Rule 2) calorie intake shifted from 9 to 30 % and 2 to 30 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the overall DRI adequacy (Rule 3) did not improve, with calcium and retinol deficiencies in 2019, and, although remaining above DRI, iron, copper, magnesium, and vitamins E, C and B1–B9intakes regularly decreased. Notably, the prevalence of obesity increased five-fold, paralleling the exponential increase in IPF calorie intake. Both sources of calories were highly correlated with prevalence of main chronic diseases.Conclusions:Despite a slight decreased of total calorie consumption and small variations of adequacy with DRI, the farther the Chinese population moved away from the 3Vs rule during the 1990–2019 period, the more the prevalence of chronic diseases increased. Further analyses on foods’ transitions will be better assessed when advocating sources/quality of calories (Rules 1/2), rather than only nutrient composition (Rule 3).
Temporal Minimal-World Query Answering over Sparse ABoxes
Authors: BORGWARDT STEFAN , FORKEL WALTER , KOVTUNOVA ALISA 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOntology-mediated query answering is a popular paradigm for enriching answers to user queries with background knowledge. For querying theabsenceof information, however, there exist only few ontology-based approaches. Moreover, these proposals conflate the closed-domain and closed-world assumption and, therefore, are not suited to deal with the anonymous objects that are common in ontological reasoning. Many real-world applications, like processing electronic health records, also contain a temporal dimension and require efficient reasoning algorithms. Moreover, since medical data are not recorded on a regular basis, reasoners must deal with sparse data with potentially large temporal gaps. Our contribution consists of two main parts: In the first part, we introduce a new closed-world semantics for answering conjunctive queries (CQs) with negation over ontologies formulated in the description logic$${\mathcal E}{\mathcal L}{{\mathcal H}_ \bot }$$, which is based on theminimalcanonical model. We propose a rewriting strategy for dealing with negated query atoms, which shows that query answering is possible in polynomial time in data complexity. In the second part, we extend this minimal-world semantics for answering metric temporal CQs with negation over the lightweight temporal logicand obtain similar rewritability and complexity results.
Detecting the effect of ACCase-targeting herbicides on ACCase activity utilizing a malachite green colorimetric functional assay
Authors: Basak Suma , Alam Md. Jahangir , Goodwin Douglas , Harris James , Patel Jinesh D. , McCullough Patrick , McElroy J. Scott 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch was conducted using a functional malachite green colorimetric assay to evaluate acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) activity previously identified as resistant to sethoxydim and select aryloxyphenoxypropionate (FOPs) herbicides, fenoxaprop, and fluazifop. Two resistant southern crabgrass [Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler] biotypes, R1 and R2, containing an Ile-1781-Leu amino acid substitution and previously identified as resistant to sethoxydim, pinoxaden, and fluazifop but not clethodim was utilized as the resistant chloroplastic ACCase source compared with known susceptible (S) ACCase. Dose-response studies with sethoxydim, clethodim, fluazifop-p-butyl, and pinoxaden (0.6 to 40 µM) were conducted to compare the ACCase–herbicide interactions of R1, R2, and S using the malachite green functional assay. Assay results indicated that R biotypes required more ACCase-targeting herbicides to inhibit ACCase activity compared with S. IC50 values of all four herbicides for R biotypes were consistently an order of magnitude greater than those of S. No sequencing differences in the carboxyltransferase domain was observed for R1 and R2; however, R2 IC50 values were greater across all herbicides. These results indicate the malachite green functional assay is effective in evaluating ACCase activity of R and S biotypes in the presence of ACCase-targeting herbicides, which can be used as a replacement for the 14C-based radiometric functional assays.
A Preliminary Study on the Organizational Modes of Mesoscale Convective Systems Associated With Warm‐Sector Heavy Rainfall in South China
Authors: Li Sa , Meng Zhiyong , Wu Naigeng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work examines the organizational modes of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) associated with warm‐sector heavy rainfall events in South China based on composite radar reflectivities during April–June from 2007 to 2020. The results showed that these MCSs can be classified into the nonlinear mode (NL) and eight linear modes: trailing stratiform precipitation (TS), no stratiform precipitation (NS), leading stratiform precipitation (LS), parallel stratiform precipitation (PS), embedded lines (EL), bow echoes (BE), training line/adjoining stratiform (TL/AS), and multiple rain bands (MRB). The NL mode accounts for 40% of the total, while linear modes account for 60%, with the TS mode being the most frequent linear mode. The detailed features of the top three most frequent organizational modes (NL, TS, and NS) were examined in this work. First, the MCSs of the top three organizational modes have different formation modes. Eighty‐four percent of NL systems and 77% of TS systems form via the broken areal mode, while 83% of NS systems form via the broken line mode. Second, relative to TS and NS systems, NL systems develop faster and have shorter lifespans but slower movements with higher 3‐h and 6‐h maximum precipitation values. Third, environmental analysis indicates that the Total Totals index (TTI) is significantly different among all the top three organizational modes, with the highest value in TS mode and the lowest value in NS mode. These features are apparently different from their counterparts in central East China due to different synoptic environments.
Brain mapping across 16 autism mouse models reveals a spectrum of functional connectivity subtypes
Authors: Zerbi V. , Pagani M. , Markicevic M. , Matteoli M. , Pozzi D. , Fagiolini M. , Bozzi Y. , Galbusera A. , Scattoni M. L. , Provenzano G. , Banerjee A. , Helmchen F. , Basson M. A. , Ellegood J. , Lerch J. P. , Rudin M. , Gozzi A. , Wenderoth N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by substantial, yet highly heterogeneous abnormalities in functional brain connectivity. However, the origin and significance of this phenomenon remain unclear. To unravel ASD connectopathy and relate it to underlying etiological heterogeneity, we carried out a bi-center cross-etiological investigation of fMRI-based connectivity in the mouse, in which specific ASD-relevant mutations can be isolated and modeled minimizing environmental contributions. By performing brain-wide connectivity mapping across 16 mouse mutants, we show that different ASD-associated etiologies cause a broad spectrum of connectional abnormalities in which diverse, often diverging, connectivity signatures are recognizable. Despite this heterogeneity, the identified connectivity alterations could be classified into four subtypes characterized by discrete signatures of network dysfunction. Our findings show that etiological variability is a key determinant of connectivity heterogeneity in ASD, hence reconciling conflicting findings in clinical populations. The identification of etiologically-relevant connectivity subtypes could improve diagnostic label accuracy in the non-syndromic ASD population and paves the way for personalized treatment approaches.
Phase I study of CAR-T cells with PD-1 and TCR disruption in mesothelin-positive solid tumors
Authors: Wang Zhenguang , Li Na , Feng Kaichao , Chen Meixia , Zhang Yan , Liu Yang , Yang Qingming , Nie Jing , Tang Na , Zhang Xingying , Cheng Chen , Shen Lianjun , He Jiaping , Ye Xun , Cao Wei , Wang Haoyi , Han Weidong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProgrammed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)-mediated immunosuppression has been proposed to contribute to the limited clinical efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in solid tumors. We generated PD-1 and T cell receptor (TCR) deficient mesothelin-specific CAR-T (MPTK-CAR-T) cells using CRISPR-Cas9 technology and evaluated them in a dose-escalation study. A total of 15 patients received one or more infusions of MPTK-CAR-T cells without prior lymphodepletion. No dose-limiting toxicity or unexpected adverse events were observed in any of the 15 patients. The best overall response was stable disease (2/15 patients). Circulating MPTK-CAR-T cells peaked at days 7–14 and became undetectable beyond 1 month. TCR-positive CAR-T cells rather than TCR-negative CAR-T cells were predominantly detected in effusion or peripheral blood from three patients after infusion. We further confirmed the reduced persistence of TCR-deficient CAR-T cells in animal models. Our results establish the preliminary feasibility and safety of CRISPR-engineered CAR-T cells with PD-1 disruption and suggest that the natural TCR plays an important role in the persistence of CAR-T cells when treating solid tumors.
Linear elasticity of polymer gels in terms of negative energy elasticity
Authors: Sakumichi Naoyuki , Yoshikawa Yuki , Sakai Takamasa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe recently found that the energy contribution to the linear elasticity of polymer gels in the as-prepared state can be a significant negative value; the shear modulus is not proportional to the absolute temperature [1]. Our finding challenges the conventional notion that the polymer-gel elasticity is mainly determined by the entropy contribution. Existing molecular models of classical rubber elasticity theories, including the affine, phantom, and junction affine network models, cannot be used to estimate the structural parameters of polymer gels. In this focus review, we summarize the experimental studies on the linear elasticity of polymer gels in the as-prepared state using tetra-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels with a homogenous polymer network. We also provide a unified formula for the linear elasticity of polymer gels with various network topologies and densities. Using the unified formula, we reconcile the past experimental results that seemed to be inconsistent with each other. Finally, we mention that there are still fundamental unresolved problems involving the linear elasticity of polymer gels.
The enzymatic activity of inositol hexakisphosphate kinase controls circulating phosphate in mammals
Authors: Moritoh Yusuke , Abe Shin-ichi , Akiyama Hiroki , Kobayashi Akihiro , Koyama Ryokichi , Hara Ryoma , Kasai Shizuo , Watanabe Masanori 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCirculating phosphate levels are tightly controlled within a narrow range in mammals. By using a novel small-molecule inhibitor, we show that the enzymatic activity of inositol hexakisphosphate kinases (IP6K) is essential for phosphate regulation in vivo. IP6K inhibition suppressed XPR1, a phosphate exporter, thereby decreasing cellular phosphate export, which resulted in increased intracellular ATP levels. The in vivo inhibition of IP6K decreased plasma phosphate levels without inhibiting gut intake or kidney reuptake of phosphate, demonstrating a pivotal role of IP6K-regulated cellular phosphate export on circulating phosphate levels. IP6K inhibition-induced decrease in intracellular inositol pyrophosphate, an enzymatic product of IP6K, was correlated with phosphate changes. Chronic IP6K inhibition alleviated hyperphosphataemia, increased kidney ATP, and improved kidney functions in chronic kidney disease rats. Our results demonstrate that the enzymatic activity of IP6K regulates circulating phosphate and intracellular ATP and suggest that IP6K inhibition is a potential novel treatment strategy against hyperphosphataemia.
Long-term outcome in pediatric surgical bypass grafting after traumatic injury and tumor resection: retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Kampf Stephanie , Willegger Madeleine , Dawoud Christopher , Fülöp Gerhard , Lirk Philipp , Willfort-Ehringer Andrea , Neumayer Christoph , Gollackner Bernd 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVascular bypass surgery in children differs significantly from adults. It is a rarely performed procedure in the setting of trauma and tumor surgery. Besides technical challenges to reconstruct the small and spastic vessels, another concern in bypass grafting is the adequate limb length growth over time. The primary aim of this study was to assess long-term outcome after pediatric bypass grafting, in a single academic center, focusing on potential effects on limb development. In this retrospective cohort analyses we included all pediatric patients undergoing vascular bypass grafting at our department between 2002 and 2017. All patients ≤ 18 years suffered a traumatic injury or underwent a tumor resection of the lower or upper limb. The youngest female patient was 0.4 years, the youngest male patient was 3.5 years. During the observation period, 33 pediatric patients underwent vascular repair, whereby 15 patients underwent bypass grafting. Median overall follow-up was 4.7 years (IQR ± 9). 8 patients (53%) had a traumatic injury (traumatic surgery group) and 7 patients had a planned orthopedic tumor resection (orthopedic surgery group). In 13/15 (87%) a great saphenous vein (GSV) graft and in 2/15 (13%) a Gore-Tex graft was used for bypassing. Both Gore-Tex grafts showed complete occlusion 12 and 16 years after implantation. No patient died in the early postoperative phase (< 30 days), however 3/7 (43%) in the orthopedic group died during follow-up. Revision surgery had to be performed in 1/15 (7%) patients. A functional use of the extremity was reported in all patients. Normal limb length growth according to the contralateral site, and therefore bypass growth, could be documented in 14/15 patients. Children are surgically challenging. In our study, surgery by a specialized vascular surgery team using GSV grafts led to adequate limb length and bypass growth, and we observed no functional restrictions.
Ultrafast electron holes in plasma phase space dynamics
Authors: Jenab Seyyed Mehdi Hosseini , Brodin Gert , Juno James , Kourakis Ioannis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectron holes (EH) are localized modes in plasma kinetic theory which appear as vortices in phase space. Earlier research on EH is based on the Schamel distribution function (df). A novel df is proposed here, generalizing the original Schamel df in a recursive manner. Nonlinear solutions obtained by kinetic simulations are presented, with velocities twice the electron thermal speed. Using 1D-1V kinetic simulations, their propagation characteristics are traced and their stability is established by studying their long-time evolution and their behavior through mutual collisions.
Integrated biocontrol of tobacco bacterial wilt by antagonistic bacteria and marigold
Authors: Hu Yun , Zhao Wan , Li Xihong , Feng Ji , Li Chunli , Yang Xiaoqiong , Guo Qingqing , Wang Lin , Chen Shouwen , Li Yanyan , Yang Yong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) is seriously damages the growth of tobacco. There is an urgent need to find a safer and more effective measure to control TBW. In this study, B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold powder were applied to the tobacco roots alone or in combination, and the potential inhibition of TBW was assessed. On the other hand, the effects of these treatments on soil physicochemical properties, rhizosphere microbial community and soil metabolites were also evaluated. The results showed that the application of B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 or marigold powder alone significantly reduced the abundance of R. solanacearum in rhizosphere soil, while the integrated treatment showed the strongest inhibitory effect. Moreover, the integrated treatment can inhibit the secretion of chemoattractants, and affect the change of rhizosphere soil microbial composition. In conclusion, the combination of antagonistic bacteria agent B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 with marigold powder can enhance the suppression of TBW. Furthermore, B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold have synergistic effects on suppressing TBW by regulation soil physicochemical properties, soil metabolites and microbial structure. This study provide a promising strategy for TBW control by integrated applying of B. amyloliquefaciens ZM9 and marigold powder.
Effect of black ginseng and silkworm supplementation on obesity, the transcriptome, and the gut microbiome of diet-induced overweight dogs
Authors: Park Miey , Kim Ki Hyun , Jaiswal Varun , Choi Jihee , Chun Ju Lan , Seo Kang Min , Lee Mi-Jin , Lee Hae-Jeung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLike humans, weight control in overweight dogs is associated with a longer life expectancy and a healthier life. Dietary supplements are one of the best strategies for controlling obesity and obesity-associated diseases. This study was conducted to assess the potential of black ginseng (BG) and silkworm (SW) as supplements for weight control in diet-induced overweight beagle dogs. To investigate the changes that occur in dogs administered the supplements, different obesity-related parameters, such as body condition score (BCS), blood fatty acid profile, transcriptome, and microbiome, were assessed in high energy diet (HD) and HD with BG + SW supplementation (HDT) groups of test animals. After 12 weeks of BG + SW supplementation, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were reduced in the HDT group. In the transcriptome analysis, nine genes (NUGGC, EFR3B, RTP4, ACAN, HOXC4, IL17RB, SOX13, SLC18A2, and SOX4) that are known to be associated with obesity were found to be differentially expressed between the ND (normal diet) and HD groups as well as the HD and HDT groups. Significant changes in some taxa were observed between the HD and ND groups. These data suggest that the BG + SW supplement could be developed as dietary interventions against diet-induced obesity, and obesity-related differential genes could be important candidates in the mechanism of the anti-obesity effects of the BG + SW supplement.
Value of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in differential diagnostics of Warthin tumors and parotid malignancies
Authors: Mikaszewski Bogusław , Markiet Karolina , Smugała Aneta , Stodulski Dominik , Garsta Ewa , Piątkowski Jakub , Szurowska Edyta 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo define an algorithm for differential diagnostics of parotid malignancies and Warthin tumors (WTs) based on dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). 55 patients with parotid tumors treated surgically were analyzed. Of which, 19 had parotid malignancy and 36 had WTs confirmed with postoperative histopathological examination. Accuracy of DCE-MRI parameters (Tpeak and WR) was compared with the histopathological diagnosis. ROC analysis was performed to determine sensitivity and specificity of DCE-MRI with various Tpeak and WR cut-off values. WT showed significantly lower median Tpeak and higher median WR than malignant lesions. The cut-off values for Tpeak and WR providing maximum sensitivity (84.2%) and specificity (86.1%) for malignant tumors were Tpeak > 60 s and WR ≤ 30%. Different diagnostic algorithm, i.e., lower cut-off value for Tpeak (Tpeak = 60 s), increases sensitivity of DCE-MRI in differentiating parotid malignancies from WTs. However, WR > 30% seems to be a key diagnostic criterion for benign lesions. Precise and reliable preoperative diagnostics of parotid tumors aids in careful surgical planning, thereby assisting in achieving sufficient surgical resection margins and facial nerve preservation.