bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of hospital prenotification for STEMI and association of prenotification with outcomes
Authors: Blusztein David , Dinh Diem , Stub Dion , Dawson Luke , Brennan Angela , Reid Christopher , Smith Karen , Nehme Ziad , Andrew Emily , Bernard Stephen , Lefkovits Jeffrey 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundDelay to reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is detrimental, but can be minimised with prehospital notification by ambulance to the treating hospital. We aimed to assess whether prenotification was associated with improved first medical contact to balloon times (FMC-BT) and whether this resulted in better clinical outcomes. We also aimed to identify factors associated with use of prenotification.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of prospective Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry data for patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI from 2013-2018. Postcardiac arrest were excluded. Patients were grouped by whether they arrived by ambulance with prenotification (group 1), arrived by ambulance without prenotification (group 2) or self-presented (group 3). We compared groups by FMC-BT, incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), mortality and factors associated with the use of prenotification.Results2891 patients were in group 1 (79.3% male), 1620 in group 2 (75.7% male) and 1220 in group 3 (82.9% male). Patients who had prenotification were more likely to present in-hours (p=0.004) and self-presenters had lowest rates of cardiogenic shock (p<0.001). Prenotification had shorter FMC-BT than without prenotification (104 min vs 132 min, p<0.001) Self-presenters had superior clinical outcomes, with no difference between ambulance groups. Groups 1 and 2 had similar 30-day MACCE outcomes (7.4% group 1 vs 9.1% group 2, p=0.05) and similar mortality (4.6% group 1 vs 5.9% group 2, p=0.07). In multivariable analysis, male gender, right coronary artery culprit and in-hours presentation independently predicted use of prenotification (all p<0.05).ConclusionDifferences in clinical characteristics, particularly gender, time of presentation and culprit vessel may influence ambulance prenotification. Ambulance cohorts have high-risk features and worse outcomes compared with self-presenters. Improving system inequality in prehospital STEMI diagnosis is recommended for fastest STEMI treatment.
Small toric resolutions of toric varieties of string polytopes with small indices
Authors: Cho Yunhyung , Kim Yoosik , Lee Eunjeong , Park Kyeong-Dong 
Published: December 2021

Let G be a semisimple algebraic group over [Formula: see text]. For a reduced word [Formula: see text] of the longest element in the Weyl group of G and a dominant integral weight [Formula: see text], one can construct the string polytope [Formula: see text], whose lattice points encode the character of the irreducible representation [Formula: see text]. The string polytope [Formula: see text] is singular in general and combinatorics of string polytopes heavily depends on the choice of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we study combinatorics of string polytopes when [Formula: see text], and present a sufficient condition on [Formula: see text] such that the toric variety [Formula: see text] of the string polytope [Formula: see text] has a small toric resolution. Indeed, when [Formula: see text] has small indices and [Formula: see text] is regular, we explicitly construct a small toric resolution of the toric variety [Formula: see text] using a Bott manifold. Our main theorem implies that a toric variety of any string polytope admits a small toric resolution when [Formula: see text]. As a byproduct, we show that if [Formula: see text] has small indices then [Formula: see text] is integral for any dominant integral weight [Formula: see text], which in particular implies that the anticanonical limit toric variety [Formula: see text] of a partial flag variety [Formula: see text] is Gorenstein Fano. Furthermore, we apply our result to symplectic topology of the full flag manifold [Formula: see text] and obtain a formula of the disk potential of the Lagrangian torus fibration on [Formula: see text] obtained from a flat toric degeneration of [Formula: see text] to the toric variety [Formula: see text].
Crack Deflection Under Mixed-Mode Loading Conditions in Fine-Grained Composites Based on Water Glass-Activated Slag
Authors: Malíková Lucie , Šimonová Hana , Kucharczyková Barbara 
Published: December 2021

This paper is devoted to an analysis of the crack deflection angle in a semi-circular disc made of a fine-grained composite based on water glass-activated slag. Three-point bending together with an inclined crack ensures the crack propagation in I + II mixed mode. Generally, concrete material exhibits quasi-brittle fracture behavior, which is difficult to understand. Multi-parameter fracture mechanics (MPFMs) concept shall help us to describe the crack propagation and the influence of choice of a suitable distance for application of generalized fracture criteria is investigated. In this work, the well-known maximum tangential stress (MTS) criterion as well as strain energy density (SED) criterion are applied in their multi-parameter (MP) form to find the initial kink angle. Williams power expansion is used to approximate the crack-tip stress field. Its coefficients need to be calculated numerically via combination of the finite-element (FE) solution and over-deterministic method. Results are discussed and recommendations are stated regarding the critical length parameter as well as the number of the Williams expansion (WE) coefficients.
Functional Mapping of AKT Signaling and Biomarkers of Response from the FAIRLANE Trial of Neoadjuvant Ipatasertib plus Paclitaxel for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Shi Zhen , Wulfkuhle Julia , Nowicka Malgorzata , Gallagher Rosa I. , Saura Cristina , Nuciforo Paolo G. , Calvo Isabel , Andersen Jay , Passos-Coelho José Luis , Gil-Gil Miguel J. , Bermejo Begoña , Pratt Debra A. , Ciruelos Eva M. , Villagrasa Patricia , Wongchenko Matthew J. , Petricoin Emanuel F. , Oliveira Mafalda , Isakoff Steven J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Despite extensive genomic and transcriptomic profiling, it remains unknown how signaling pathways are differentially activated and how tumors are differentially sensitized to certain perturbations. Here, we aim to characterize AKT signaling activity and its association with other genomic or IHC-based PI3K/AKT pathway biomarkers as well as the clinical activity of ipatasertib (AKT inhibitor) in the FAIRLANE trial.

Experimental Design:
In FAIRLANE, 151 patients with early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) were randomized 1:1 to receive paclitaxel with ipatasertib or placebo for 12 weeks prior to surgery. Adding ipatasertib did not increase pathologic complete response rate and numerically improved overall response rate by MRI. We used reverse-phase protein microarrays (RPPA) to examine the total level and/or phosphorylation states of over 100 proteins in various signaling or cell processes including PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling. One hundred and twenty-five baseline and 127 on-treatment samples were evaluable by RPPA, with 110 paired samples at both time points.

Results:
Tumors with genomic/protein alterations in PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN were associated with higher levels of AKT phosphorylation. In addition, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) levels exhibited a significant association with enriched clinical benefit of ipatasertib, and identified patients who received benefit in the absence of PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN alterations. Ipatasertib treatment led to a downregulation of AKT/mTORC1 signaling, which was more pronounced among the tumors with PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN alterations or among the responders to the treatment.

Conclusions:
We showed that the high baseline pAKT levels are associated with the alterations of PI3K/AKT pathway components and enriched benefit of ipatasertib in TNBC.
Detecting Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Through Tissue-Informed Cell-Free DNA Methylation Analysis
Authors: Berchuck Jacob E. , Baca Sylvan C. , McClure Heather M. , Korthauer Keegan , Tsai Harrison K. , Nuzzo Pier Vitale , Kelleher Kaitlin M. , He Monica , Steinharter John A. , Zacharia Soumya , Spisak Sandor , Seo Ji-Heui , Conteduca Vincenza , Elemento Olivier , Auh Joonghoon , Sigouros Michael , Corey Eva , Hirsch Michelle S. , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Choueiri Toni K. , Pomerantz Mark M. , Beltran Himisha , Freedman Matthew L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurpose:Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a resistance phenotype that emerges in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate adenocarcinoma (CR-PRAD) and has important clinical implications, but is challenging to detect in practice. Herein, we report a novel tissue–informed epigenetic approach to noninvasively detect NEPC.Experimental Design:We first performed methylated immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (MeDIP-seq) on a training set of tumors, identified differentially methylated regions between NEPC and CR-PRAD, and built a model to predict the presence of NEPC (termed NEPC Risk Score). We then performed MeDIP-seq on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from two independent cohorts of men with NEPC or CR-PRAD and assessed the accuracy of the model to predict the presence NEPC.Results:The test cohort comprised cfDNA samples from 48 men, 9 with NEPC and 39 with CR-PRAD. NEPC Risk Scores were significantly higher in men with NEPC than CR-PRAD (P = 4.3 × 10–7) and discriminated between NEPC and CR-PRAD with high accuracy (AUROC 0.96). The optimal NEPC Risk Score cutoff demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity for detecting NEPC. The independent, multi-institutional validation cohort included cfDNA from 53 men, including 12 with NEPC and 41 with CR-PRAD. NEPC Risk Scores were significantly higher in men with NEPC than CR-PRAD (P = 7.5×10–12) and perfectly discriminated NEPC from CR-PRAD (AUROC 1.0). Applying the predefined NEPC Risk Score cutoff to the validation cohort resulted in 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity for detecting NEPC.Conclusions:Tissue-informed cfDNA methylation analysis is a promising approach for noninvasive detection of NEPC in men with advanced prostate cancer.
ПОВТОРНІ ВИПАДКИ ІНФІКУВАННЯ SARS-COV-2
Authors: Малий В. П. , Копча В. С. 
Published: December 2021

Обговорюється проблема повторного інфікування SARS-CoV-2. Довести випадок реінфекції не просто, адже для цього потрібно не тільки отримати два позитивні ПЛР-тести до SARS-CoV-2 при двох випадках захворювання, а й довести, що в обох випадках це «живі» та різні штами вірусу.
Основними причинами розвитку реінфекції SARS-CoV-2 є стан імунної системи на період повторного контакту зі збудником, тобто наявність імунодефіциту, а також кількість вірусу, що попав в організм людини в цей період. Це може бути пов’язано з надзвичайно високим рівнем вірусного навантаження новим штамом, який спричинив сильнішу реакцію макроорганізму, або більш вірулентним штамом вірусу.
Повторно інфіковані SARS-CoV-2, як правило, переносять хворобу тяжче і майже завжди з пневмонією.
Можливість повторного і, навіть, багаторазового інфікування створює ситуацію постійної циркуляції SARS-CoV-2 з багаторічною проблемою ліквідації цієї інфекції взагалі (нові мутації, нові вакцини тощо).
ПОРУШЕННЯ СИНТЕЗУ І ФУНКЦІЇ СИРОВАТКОВОГО АЛЬБУМІНУ ПРИ РІЗНИХ ПАТОЛОГІЧНИХ СТАНАХ ОРГАНІЗМУ
Authors: Дзьордзьо Ю. Р. , Андрейчин С. М. , Мудра У. О. 
Published: December 2021

В огляді висвітлені дані сучасної літератури про патологічні зміни метаболізму та функції сироваткового альбуміну при різних захворюваннях і патологічних станах.
Мета – провести аналіз публікацій про порушення функції сироваткового альбуміну та їх вплив на організм, а також показати перспективу подальших досліджень у даній сфері.
Матеріал і методи. У дослідженні використано бібліосистематичний та аналітичний методи. Проведено огляд та аналіз сучасної літератури в базах Medline та PubMed.
Результати. Коротко висвітлено сучасні уявлення про синтез і функції людського сироваткового альбуміну, причини збільшення та зменшення його концентрації в плазмі крові, кількісні й якісні зміни при різних патологічних станах. Висвітлено останні дані літератури про транспортні та антиоксидантні властивості альбуміну, його структурні зміни.
Висновки. Поширеність альбуміну в людському організмі і різноманіття його функцій обумовлює важливість впливу різних патологічних процесів на його метаболізм. Основними факторами, що викликають зміни в метаболізмі альбуміну, є захворювання, що призводять до порушення його утворення, збільшення втрати, перерозподіл між тканинами, а також структурні зміни, що впливають на функції цього білка.
АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ХВОРОБИ ЛАЙМА У ДІТЕЙ
Authors: Никитюк С. О. , Климнюк С. І. 
Published: December 2021

Хвороба Лайма має різні клінічні прояви, її слід виключити у всіх пацієнтів з укусом кліща. Хвороба Лайма викликається Borrelia burgdorferi senso lato, збудником гетерогенної групи, з якої три гени систематично асоціюються із хворобою Лайма: B. burgdorferi senso stricto, B. afzelii і B. garinii, і є ендемічною хворобою в Україні.
Ранні клінічні маркери Лайм-бореліозу та інші прогностичні фактори, що загрожують життю дитини, ускладнення бореліозної інфекції, все ще перебувають на початку активного дослідження вченими.
Висновки. Клініцисти, включаючи сімейних лікарів, ревматологів, імунологів та молекулярних кардіологів, повинні брати участь у розробці нових критеріїв, що включають клінічну картину та результати лабораторного дослідження.
ВПЛИВ ЦИТОПРОТЕКТОРНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ НА ДВОРІЧНЕ ВИЖИВАННЯ ХВОРИХ ІЗ ГОСТРИМ ІНФАРКТОМ МІОКАРДА ТА КОМОРБІДНОЮ ПАТОЛОГІЄЮ
Authors: Микуляк В. Р. , Гребеник М. В. , Зелененька Л. І. , Зоря Л. В. 
Published: December 2021

Оптимізація методів лікування гострого інфаркту міокарда в умовах коморбідності є одним із актуальних напрямків сучасної медицини. Реалізація даного завдання можлива за рахунок додаткового до стандартної терапії використання препаратів цитопротекторної дії (кверцетин, L-аргінін) у гострому періоді інфаркту міокарда, що підтверджується аналізом показників дворічного виживання хворих, включених у дослідження.
Мета – оцінка віддалених результатів виживання хворих на інфаркт міокарда з коморбідною патологією, яким у гострому періоді додатково до стандартної терапії призначали препарати цитопротекторної дії.
Матеріал і методи. Обстежено 506 пацієнтів, які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні в Тернопільському міському кардіологічному центрі. Пацієнти були поділені на групи залежно від коморбідної патології. Групи були рандомізовані на підгрупи залежно від схеми лікування у гострий період інфаркту міокарда. Аналіз віддаленого виживання хворих було проведено за методикою Kaplan – Meier, різниця показників оцінювалась за допомогою логарифмічного рангового критерію (c²).
Результати. Виживання упродовж 2 років після інфаркту міокарда виявилось найкращим у пацієнтів, які в гострий період отримували додатково до стандартної терапії L-аргінін. Показники виживання за даними логарифмічного рангового критерію достовірно відрізнялись (c²=12,120; p=0,001) від групи пацієнтів, які отримували лише стандартну терапію. Кумулятивна частка виживання для пацієнтів, які додатково отримували цитопротекторну терапію (L-аргінін або корвітин) теж достовірно відрізнялась від осіб, що отримували виключно терапію згідно з протоколом (c²=14,281; p=0,001).
Висновки. Результати дворічного спостереження засвідчили покращення виживання хворих із коморбідною патологією у віддаленому післяінфарктному періоді при використанні у гострому періоді інфаркту міокарда цитопротекторної терапії, зокрема L-аргініну та кверцетину.
Bivalirudin Versus Heparin Monotherapy in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: James Stefan , Koul Sasha , Andersson Jonas , Angerås Oskar , Bhiladvala Pallonji , Calais Fredrik , Danielewicz Mikael , Fröbert Ole , Grimfjärd Per , Götberg Matthias , Henareh Loghman , Ioanes Dan , Jensen Jens , Linder Rikard , Lindroos Pontus , Omerovic Elmir , Panayi Georgios , Råmunddal Truls , Sarno Giovanna , Ulvenstam Anders , Völtz Sebastian , Wagner Henrik , Wikström Helena , Östlund Ollie , Erlinge David 
Published: December 2021

Background:

Bivalirudin was not superior to unfractionated heparin in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and no planned use of GPI (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors) in contemporary clinical practice of radial access and potent P2Y
12
-inhibitors in the VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART randomized clinical trial (Bivalirudin Versus Heparin in STEMI and NSTEMI Patients on Modern Antiplatelet Therapy–Swedish Web-System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies Registry).

Methods:
In this prespecified separately powered subgroup analysis, we included patients with ST-segment–elevation MI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with the primary composite end point of all-cause death, MI, or major bleeding event within 180 days.

Results:

Among the 6006 patients enrolled in the trial, 3005 patients with ST-segment–elevation MI were randomized to receive bivalirudin or heparin. The mean age was 66.8 years. According to protocol recommendations, 87% were treated with potent oral P2Y
12
-inhibitors before start of angiography and radial access was used in 90%. GPI was used in 51 (3.4%) and 74 (4.9%) of patients randomized to receive bivalirudin and heparin, respectively. The primary end point occurred in 12.5% (187 of 1501) and 13.0% (196 of 1504; hazard ratio [HR], 0.95 [95% CI, 0.78–1.17],
P
=0.64) with consistent results in all major subgroups. All-cause death occurred in 3.9% versus 3.9% (HR, 1.00 [0.70–1.45],
P
=0.98), MI in 1.7% versus 2.2% (HR, 0.76 [0.45–1.28],
P
=0.30), major bleeding in 8.3% versus 8.0% (HR, 1.04 [0.81–1.33],
P
=0.78), and definite stent thrombosis in 0.5% versus 1.3% (HR, 0.42 [0.18–0.96],
P
=0.04).

Conclusions:

In patients with ST-segment–elevation MI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with radial access and receiving current recommended treatments with potent P2Y
12
-inhibitors rate of the composite of all-cause death, MI, or major bleeding was not lower in those randomized to receive bivalirudin as compared with heparin.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02311231.
Monte Carlo Physarum Machine: Characteristics of Pattern Formation in Continuous Stochastic Transport Networks
Authors: Elek Oskar , Burchett Joseph N. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Forbes Angus G. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We present Monte Carlo Physarum Machine (MCPM): a computational model suitable for reconstructing continuous transport networks from sparse 2D and 3D data. MCPM is a probabilistic generalization of Jones’s (2010) agent-based model for simulating the growth of Physarum polycephalum (slime mold). We compare MCPM to Jones’s work on theoretical grounds, and describe a task-specific variant designed for reconstructing the large-scale distribution of gas and dark matter in the Universe known as the cosmic web. To analyze the new model, we first explore MCPM’s self-patterning behavior, showing a wide range of continuous network-like morphologies—called polyphorms—that the model produces from geometrically intuitive parameters. Applying MCPM to both simulated and observational cosmological data sets, we then evaluate its ability to produce consistent 3D density maps of the cosmic web. Finally, we examine other possible tasks where MCPM could be useful, along with several examples of fitting to domain-specific data as proofs of concept.
Four Transcendental Illusions of the Digital World: A Derridean Approach
Authors: Lindberg Susanna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article considers the remote meeting technologies that have become the unavoidable framework of (academic) work during the COVID-19 epidemic. I analyze them with the help of Jacques Derrida’s concepts, thus also illustrating the reach of the latter. The article presents four “transcendental illusions” as supporting the digital world and, according to Derrida, experience. The illusion of proximity: digitality relies on a haptocentric illusion but it also reveals the distance at the heart of touching. The illusion of presence: digitality functions under the illusion of presence, but it also reveals the spectrality of digital presence. The illusion of a complete memory: although the Internet appears to be a total memory, it is really an archive, that is, a finite set of traces. The illusion of worldwide community: teletechnologies pretend to constitute a universal place, but they only generate a finite dis-place of common alienation.
The Spirit in Numbers 11
Authors: Cotton Roger D. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Numbers 11 is a foundational passage for OT pneumatology and supports pentecostal theology and practice. There, God, through Moses, expressed his plan that all believers should be empowered for prophetic ministry by the Holy Spirit. That experience of the seventy elders involved a kind of prophesying that was probably praise and prayer in tongues, as in Acts 2.
India-Africa Political Relations: Issues and Perspectives on Global Political Dialogue, Democracy and Good Governance
Authors: Nzomo Maria , Maluki Patrick 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper explores India’s relations with African countries which date back to the time when Indian traders began to engage with countries along the eastern coast of Africa. These relations took a new turn by the end of the 20th century, with many drivers and rallying points of 20th century such as de-colonization and racial discrimination disappearing. By the turn of the Century, with a prospered economy and a population of more than I billion people India ceased to belong to the same group as the African states. Due to this change in status India’s priorities also changed and it is now playing in the bigger league which presents India with different realities and preoccupation. At strategic level, India’s determination of becoming an influential global power requires the support of African countries, especially in securing a seat at the United Nations Security Council and for the overall expansion and democratic governance reforms of the Council. This paper interrogates the question: given its current status and strategic interests in global affairs, what areas should India engage with African states in order to realize her global power ambitions?
Dreaming of Death and the Dead in the Stuart Political World Imaginary
Authors: Levin Carole 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
William Laud played a critical role in the politics and religion in the reign of James I and especially that of his son, Charles I. There was great antagonism toward him by Puritans, and Laud’s close friendship with George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, made Laud even more controversial, as did his fight with the king’s jester, Archy Armstrong. Dreams were seen as having great significance at time of Laud, and Laud recorded his dreams in his journal. Dreams also played a role in the early Stuart political world. This essay examines how Laud’s enemies used his own dreams against him in the work of William Prynne, once Laud was arrested during the English Civil war. It also looks at how Laud was compared to also despised Thomas, Cardinal Wolsey in a number of political pamphlets that used dreams, such as Archy’s Dream and Canterburie’s Dream. Laud also appeared as a character in a dream of Charles I’s attendant Thomas Herbert the night before the king’s execution, where Laud came to comfort Charles.