bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TERAHERTZ COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS FOR HIGH-DEFINITION AND ULTRA-HIGH-DEFINITION TELEVISION TRANSMISSION
Authors: Avdieienko Hlib , Slyvka Andrii , Dykyi Oleksii 
Published: December 2024

Background. The advent of HD and UHD video formats, and as a result the growing volume of accumulated and transmitted data led to the demand for higher data rate of wireless communications. THz band satisfies the main technical and economic indicators for the implementation of HD/UHD TV broadcasting networks. This papers analyzes current advancements in implementing and deploying photonic-based terahertz (THz) communication systems.
Objective. The purpose of the paper is to consider modern variants of technical implementation of transmitting and receiving devices for broadcasting of HD/UHD TV signals in the THz band.
Methods. Studying the dependence of the transmission rate of an HD/UHD video stream on the transmission distance and quality.
Results. A variant of practical implementation of a prototype of a wireless video transmission system with UHD resolution of 8K over a terahertz radio line in the 300 GHz and other frequencies of terahertz band is considered. A distinctive feature of the modern receiving device from the known is the usage of RTD as demodulators of the terahertz signal, which greatly simplifies the receiving part of the proposed wireless transmission system. It is also shown that the main problem in the construction of transmitting devices in the THz range is the formation of a highly stable THz carrier oscillation by mixing optical carriers on a photodiode, as well as obtaining the output power of this oscillation sufficient to ensure the required range of the THz transmission system.
Conclusions. The main trends and approaches to building high-speed point-to-point wireless communication links of the next generation in THz band for HD/UHD TV signals transmission are presented. The principles and approaches to the construction of receiving and transmitting devices of the THz band were revealed, as this band is one of the most promising for the development of wireless networks with data rates more than 10 Gbps.
Insights into healthcare workers' perceptions of electronic medical record system utilization: A cross-sectional study in Mafeteng District, Lesotho
Authors: Sekoai Tebeli E. , Turner Astrid C , Mitchell Janine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Electronic medical record (EMR) systems have significantly transformed the way healthcare data is created, managed and utilized. The advantages offered by the systems over paper-based records include improved legibility and accessibility to up-to-date patient information and provision of support for clinical decision-making. The system’s implementation in Lesotho aimed to enhance patient care, track patients, and generate routine reports for evidence-based programming. It is imperative to understand how healthcare workers (HCWs) perceive the system as frontline end-users; thus, the objective of the study was to explore HCWs’ perceptions of the system, focusing on their perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use and factors influencing acceptance and utilization in Mafeteng district.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted; 145 healthcare workers from 17 health facilities were invited to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire based on the Technology Acceptance Model was administered for data collection. The analysis included descriptive statistics; the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use using Stata/BE 18.0 and multiple regression analysis to identify the outcomes of the HCWs’ perceptions. Additional text by participants was extracted to explain quantitative results.
Results: There was a 49% response rate (n= 71). The majority of respondents in the study were female (70.42%), and the most common profession was registered nurse midwife (45.07%). A large proportion of the participants reported having good computer skills. 87.32% HCWs found the EMR system useful, with 83.1% agreeing that it improves job performance and saves time. Additionally, 85.91% participants found the system easy to use, with 81.69% able to recover from errors and 85% able to remember how to perform tasks. However, 32.39% experienced unexpected system behaviour.
Conclusion: Overall, HCWs showed positive attitudes towards the EMR system, appreciating its usefulness, ease of use and efficiency. Nevertheless, unexpected behavioural issues, such as network issues, unavailability of electricity, and computer skills gaps among the respondents were identified. Addressing these challenges is crucial for successful implementation and adoption of the system, ultimately leading to improved patient care.
Exploring the Interrelationship of Intra- and Inter-network Alteration in Motor Recovery After Stroke
Authors: Lee Jungsoo , Kim Yun-Hee 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Brain networks demonstrate various dynamics during recovery after stroke. Recovery of interhemispheric interaction and balance and the occurrence of network reorganization have also been reported during stroke recovery. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of brain networks after stroke. At the large-scale brain network level, this study focuses on determining whether changes in brain networks during the functional recovery period following a stroke, along with concurrent changes in connected networks, facilitate functional recovery. Eighty-three subacute ischemic stroke patients participated. All patients underwent resting-state functional MRI and motor function assessments at two weeks and three months after stroke onset. Intra- and inter-networks from 12 resting-state networks were extracted from functional MRI data. The interrelationship between changes in intra-network values and changes in inter-network values between the corresponding network and other networks during the recovery period was investigated. The interrelationship between the good and poor recovery subgroups was compared. The interrelationship of intra- and inter-network alterations could be observed in both groups. This interrelationship was more pronounced across multiple networks in the good recovery group compared to the poor recovery group. The group differences in the interrelationship of intra- and inter-network alteration were shown in diverse sub-networks, including cognitive and sensory networks as well as motor networks. This study suggests the importance of adopting a plasticity-oriented perspective focused on changes in intra- and inter-network connectivity throughout the entire brain rather than solely emphasizing the motor function area for predicting and treating motor function recovery.
Using An Oversized and Cross-Regional Retrograde Pedicled Island Flap Repairing Soft Tissue Defects in the Knee
Authors: Li Yong , Liu Ji-song , Ying Yu-fong , Sun Xing-chen , Deng Jia-bing , Wu Jun-jun , Fu Quan-you 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The anterior outer region of the thigh is the most common donor site and is often used as a free flap; however, there are few reports of knee injury repair with a pedicle skin flap. This study analyzed the blood supply within the thigh skin fascia tissue and concluded that perforating blood vessels from different sources anastomose with each other within the fascia tissue to form a three-dimensional chain network structure, which can achieve cross-regional compensatory blood supply and that cutaneous nerves enhance the blood supply. Therefore, it is feasible to choose an appropriate perforator as the vascular pedicle to design a oversized and cross-regional retrograde pedicled flap to repair large defects in the knee.In this study, the distal perforating branch of the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery was used as the vascular pedicle in 8 cases, and the perforating branch of the lateral superior genicular artery was used as the vascular pedicle in 7 cases to design an oversized and cross-regional retrograde pedicled flap containing skin and fascial tissue on the anterior, lateral, or medial thigh. The flaps survived, and the morphology and function of the flaps were satisfactory.
Insights into Moral Reasoning Capabilities of AI: A Comparative Study between Humans and Large Language Models.
Authors: Bajpai Srajal , Sameer Ahmed , Fatima Rabiya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The primary purpose of this research is to investigate the moral reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), especially to find out possible biases in moral reasoning by ChatGPT and other LLM-based chatbots, and whether they engage in reasoning or simply reproduce information. The study employed an experiment to assess LLMs’ performance on their moral reasoning abilities.
Methods
Moral reasoning is assessed using the Moral Competence Test (MCT) and the Moral Foundation Questionnaire (MFQ). Both human participants and chatbots based on LLM technology undergo these exams to conduct a comparative analysis of their moral reasoning abilities.
Results
In the MCT, human participants consistently demonstrate superior performance compared to LLMs. Examining moral foundations through the use of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ) uncovers subtle differences, which draw attention to possible prejudices in the moral decision-making procedures of LLMs.
Conclusions
Our study concludes that LLM-based chatbots have not yet achieved human-level moral reasoning. There is a clear bias whereby individualist values are prioritized over collective ones. This bias may affect how users judge when making moral decisions, thereby shaping public discourse and the decision-making process. It is important to be careful while incorporating LLMs into decision-making processes by focusing on regular evaluation and improvement to ensure the ethical development of AI.
TFIIB-related factor 2 inhibits lung squamous carcinoma cell apoptosis through SLC8A3-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis
Authors: lu ming , Yi Shen , Qi Xing , Luo Fei , Feng Zitong , Luyuan Ma , Wenhao Yu , Wang Cong , Tian Hui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Developing therapies for lung cancer is challenging, and new targets are urgently required. TFIIB-related factor 2 (BRF2) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of various tumors. However, the potential role of BRF2 in lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of BRF2 regulation in LUSC development.
Method
Flow cytometry, protein blotting, and in vivo experiments were performed to assess the function of BRF2 in LUSC. Transmission electron microscopy imaging and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) measurements were used to determine the effect of BRF2 on mitochondria in LUSC. The impact of the downstream molecule SLC8A3 was predicted using bioinformatics analysis, and the mechanism was investigated by analyzing quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays, which were confirmed through rescue experiments.
Results
BRF2 expression was upregulated in squamous carcinoma cells, which increased SLC8A3 protein expression, promoted mitochondrial autophagy, stabilized MMP, and reduced apoptosis. In addition, SLC8A3 overexpression inhibited PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) binding to TIM23 to promote mitochondrial autophagy and stabilize the MMP, which counteracted BRF2 knockdown-induced apoptosis.
Conclusion
BRF2 mediated SLC8A3 expression to reduce apoptosis in LUSC cells by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. These findings provide novel selective therapeutic targets and ideas for the treatment of LUSC.
Comparison supraspinatus tendon retear rate after tenotomy or tenodesis or no procedure of the long head of the biceps tendon on Patte 2-3 types patients
Authors: Liu Xinxin , Chen Xuxu , Ma Xiaowen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Rotator cuff retear after arthroscopic consistently challenges medical staff and patients. The operation method affects the shoulder function and tendon healing. How to deal with the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) in the arthroscopic surgery is a controversial issue. We compared supraspinatus tendon retear rate after tenotomy or tenodesis or no procedure of the LHBT in shoulder arthroscopic surgery on Patte 2-3 types patients.
Methods: The authors reviewed the records of 108 patients who had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and 3 months after the surgery. The mean age was 56.39±7.87 years (range, 38-73 years), and 71 patients were women (65.7%). The surgical methods of LHBT include tenotomy, tenodesis (simple tenodesis, tenotomy with tenodesis) and no procedure. Retraction of the supraspinatus tendon was graded according to Patte classification. The postoperative tendon integrity was evaluated by Sugaya classification on MR coronal T2WI. The classifications of Sugaya 4 and 5 were considered as tendon retear. The patients basic information and MR manifestations before surgery were compared in different LHBT treatments. Comparing the difference in the rotator cuff retear rate among tenotomy, tenodesis versus no procedure of LHBT was evaluated by Chi-square test.
Results: Among the 108 patients, in the LHBT surgical treatments, 41 patients underwent no procedure, 38 underwent tenotomy and 29 underwent tenodesis. The rotator cuff retear rate was 18.5% in all the patients. There were statistic differences in rotator cuff retear rate between no procedure and tenotomy or tenodesis patients in the LHBT.(P=0.032) There was a lower tendon retear rate in tenotomy and tenodesis patients than no procedure of LHBT. Between tenotomy and tenodesis patients, there was no statistic differences in the rotator cuff retear rate. (P=0.485)
Conclusions: For the LHBT management of the supraspinatus tendon tear patients on Patte 2-3 types, both tenotomy and tenodesis of LHBT had good outcomes in the rotator cuff repair integrity after the shoulder arthroscopic. No procedure of LHBT had a higher supraspinatus tendon retear rate after the arthroscopic surgery.
Adipokine Profiles and Their Association with Body Composition and Disease Activity in Pediatric Crohn's Disease
Authors: Magen-Rimon Ramit , Cohen Michal , Rosen Irit , Spector-Cohen Inna , Garah Jamal , Weiss Ram , Shaoul Ron 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Emerging evidence implicates an important role for visceral fat, particularly "creeping fat", in the pathogeneses and progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), specifically Crohn's disease (CD).
In this study, we aimed to explore the association between body composition, adipocytokine profiles and disease activity in pediatric CD patients.
Methods
We recruited patients with active and quiescent CD, aged 6-18, along with age matched healthy controls. Body composition was analyzed via bio-impedance analysis, adipocytokines were assessed by ELISA–multiplex.
Results
Patients with active CD exhibited significantly elevated levels of adiponectin and resisitn compared to healthy controls and patients in remission even upon adjustment for body composition indices. Leptin correlated only with body composition and not with disease activity. Patients with active CD had relatively higher percentage of body fat and total body fat than the other groups.
Conclusions
This study underscores the complex interactions between adipocytokine profiles and disease activity in CD. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential mechanistic role of adiponectin and resisitin in CD pathogenesis.
A complication of double-lumen endotracheal tubes resulting in delayed laryngeal injury and dyspnea: A case report and literature analysis
Authors: Shi Qinye , Fang Yunxia , Xu Jianhong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Double-lumen endotracheal tubes(DLTs) is often used in lung surgery and is more likely to cause throat injury than single-lumen endotracheal tubes. However, it is rare to have an occult giant laryngeal cyst and upper airway obstruction after DLTs, causing severe complications such as dyspnea. This serious complication endangers the patient's life and safety.
Case presentation:
A 55-year-old woman underwent surgical resection of a lung tumor under DLTs. Approximately 3 months after surgery, she went to the hospital for treatment due to hoarseness and dyspnea after a change in body position. Laryngoscopy revealed that the upper airway was obstructed due to a large cyst in the throat, which required surgical resection. Although the crisis was resolved by surgical resection, this serious complication of endotracheal intubation, which could have endangered the patient's life, was indeed worrisome.
Conclusions
The DLTs is thick, and the positioning of the intubation technology is high, which increases the likelihood of a throat injury. Thus, it is necessary to actively prevent its occurrence during operation. Hoarseness after operation needs early examination to detect and treat the injury early and avoid such serious complications.
Karyotype analysis of diploid and autotetraploid of seven tartary buckwheat cultivars in China
Authors: Lian L. , Zhang P. , Wu X. , Zhang Y. , Chen Q. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Diploid and autotetid taraplortary buckwheat cultivars were used to conduct a karyotype study using the conventional squash method, establishing a reference for polyploid breeding. In the present study, the seven cultivars exhibited similar karyotypic features in both diploid and autotetraploid accessions. The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 2x = 16, whereas it was 2n = 2x = 32 in the autotetraploid accessions. No. T6, T9, T18, T22, T27 and T36 contained one pair of SAT chromosomes, whereas No. T25 had two pairs. Compared with diploids, the total number of chromosomes and SAT chromosomes doubled in autotetraploids. However, the karyotype asymmetry coefficient for the seven diploids ranged from 59.38–61.78%, and for the autotetraploids, it ranged from 59.73–61.76%. Additionally, the karyotype of autotetraploids remained unchanged in 2A type cases. Chromosome doubling did not affect the evolutionary relationship or clustering of tartary buckwheat (P < 0.01). The karyotypes and chromosome numbers of these seven autotetraploid cultivars have been reported for the first time.
Triglyceride-glucose index and short-term functional prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke : a retrospective study
Authors: Wu Zhuqing , Shi Juan , Zhang Yueyu , Zhang Chi , Liu Qiuwan , Wang Xiaoqiang , Zhang Kangrui , Wu Juncang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Stroke is the most significant cause of death and disability around the world. It is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease. Currently, The triglyceride-Glucose index (TyG) has proven to be a reliable surrogate indicator of IR in stroke studies. However, the relationship between TyG and poor functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke remains unclear. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the relationship between TyG and clinical outcomes at 3 months after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Methods
The clinical data of 564 AIS patients admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hefei from from January 2020 to September 2024 were collected, and they were divided into poor function outcome group and good function outcome group according to mRS Score 3 months after onset. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the correlation between TyG index at admission and 3-month functional outcomes of AIS patients. Receiver operating curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the predictive value of TyG index in 3-month functional outcomes of AIS patients.
Results
A total of 564 AIS patients were included, of which 165 patients (29.25%) were in the poor function outcome group and 399 patients (70.75%) were in the good function outcome group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure, NIHSS score and TyG index at admission were independent risk factors affecting the 3-month outcome of adverse function in AIS patients (P < 0.05). The higher the TyG index, the higher the risk of adverse functional outcomes at 3 months (OR = 3.18,95%CI = 2.252–4.499,P < 0.001). ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of TyG index was 0.650 (95%CI: 0.598–0.702, P < 0.001) in predicting poor outcomes ,with predictive sensitivity of 61.2% and specificity of 62.7%.
Conclusion
TyG index is an independent risk factor for adverse clinical function prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at 3 months and has predictive value for early clinical prognosis of stroke patients.
Quantification of intra-amniotic inflammation in late preterm prelabour rupture of membranes
Authors: Marie Vajrychova , Jaroslav Stranik , Rudolf Kupcik , Michaela Sadibolova , Rudolf Kukla , Radka Bolehovska , Marian Kacerovsky 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) complicated by intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) represents a substantial portion of preterm birth cases. Currently, IAI is frequently defined as amniotic fluid IL-6 concentration above 2,600 pg/mL However, the amniotic fluid IL-6 concentration was never correlated with the global response of other proinflammatory proteins to the ongoing IAI. In this cross-sectional study, protein quantification was performed using mass spectrometry (MS) analysis followed by target quantification of selected proinflammatory proteins. Levels of amniotic fluid proteins determined by MS were put into the correlation with IL-6 concentration determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method (ECLIA). In total, 925 proteins were efficiently quantified and differential expression analysis revealed 378 proteins upregulated towards IL-6 concentration above 10,000 pg/mL. Four proteins (LCN2, MMP8, MPO, and S100A12) were selected to verify the achieved results and IL-6 concentration of 10,000 pg/mL was determined as the cutoff value for global IAI response.