bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive multispecies spectroscopic breath analysis for real-time health monitoring and diagnostics
Authors: Liang Qizhong , Chan Ya-Chu , Changala P. Bryan , Nesbitt David J. , Ye Jun , Toscano Jutta 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Determining the identity and concentration of the molecules present in breath is a powerful tool to assess the overall health of a person, analogous to blood testing in clinical medicine, but in a faster and less invasive manner. The presence of a particular molecule (or combination of molecules) can indicate the presence of a certain health condition or infection, facilitating a diagnosis. Monitoring the concentration of the molecules of interest over time can help track the development (or recurrence) of a condition, as well as the effectiveness of the administered treatment. To make breath analysis more accessible and widely adopted, we explore a technique to perform breath analysis with high resolution, wide spectral coverage, high specificity, and high sensitivity.
Nanoconfinement of microvilli alters gene expression and boosts T cell activation
Authors: Aramesh Morteza , Stoycheva Diana , Sandu Ioana , Ihle Stephan J. , Zünd Tamara , Shiu Jau-Ye , Forró Csaba , Asghari Mohammad , Bernero Margherita , Lickert Sebastian , Kotowski Mateusz , Davis Simon J. , Oxenius Annette , Vogel Viola , Klotzsch Enrico 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Microvilli are used by immune cells to sense the surface features of pathogens and antigen presenting cells. However, microvilli’s contribution in T cell signaling and activation is largely unknown. Here, we introduce a material-based platform for induction of microvilli formation in T cells, in which the dimensions of the microvilli can be controlled by tuning the dimensions of the nanotopographical features, such as pore depth, pore size, and interpore distance. We demonstrate the direct causality between microvilli formation and altered gene expression in T cells. We discover that the size of the microvilli critically influences T cell receptor agonistic independent signaling in T cells. The results provide a physical strategy for T cell activation and expansion for immunotherapy applications.
Chirality-matched catalyst-controlled macrocyclization reactions
Authors: Hwang Jaeyeon , Mercado Brandon Q. , Miller Scott J. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Chiral catalysts are generally used to control stereochemistry in organic reactions. Generally, they control enantioselectivity or diastereoselectivity. In recent years, applications have expanded to include control over site selectivity in reactions involving complex molecules. Even more rarely, they can control chemoselectivity along with stereochemistry. We report herein that a carefully chosen chiral catalyst can also be decisive for efficient macrocyclization reactions in cases where simple achiral catalysts or stereochemically mismatched catalysts fail. Notably, in these reactions, a chiral catalyst proves essential for control of a reaction in which no new static (i.e., not “dynamic”) stereogenic elements are introduced. While fundamentally intriguing, these observations could also influence strategies for efficient synthesis of macrocyclic compounds in a variety of settings.
The influence of L1 translation familiarity on the acquisition of L2 Chinese antonyms
Authors: Yang Shuyi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs a partial replication ofTagashira, Kida, and Hoshino (2010), the present study examined first language (L1) translation familiarity effect on second language (L2) antonym acquisition among English-speaking intermediate-level Chinese learners. Fifteen students learned 15 antonymous pairs with familiar or unfamiliar L1 translations and completed two multiple-choice posttests. Their learning strategies were also collected. Results showed (a) a delayed L1 familiarity effect, (b) better retention and lower interference of L2 pairs with familiar L1 translations, (c) low retention of L2 pairs with unfamiliar L1 translations for both words, and (d) more orthographic elaboration strategies employed. The findings suggest that L2 instructors present antonyms in pairs, avoid providing a single, unfamiliar L1 translation, and encourage the use of orthographic elaboration strategies.
The origin of the large magnetoelectric coupling in the ceramic Ba0.1Bi0.9(Ti0.9Zr0.1)0.1Fe0.9O3
Authors: Kallel Imen , Khemakhem Hamadi , Sassi Zina , Abdelmoula Najmeddine , Hlil El-Kebir , Randrianantoandro Nirina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry and x-ray powder diffraction are conducted to examine the structure and the local magnetic order at the level of Fe sites of Ba0.1Bi0.9(Ti0.9Zr0.1)0.1Fe0.9O3 ceramic. The Mössbauer spectra in the temperature range of 77 K–623 K were analyzed using a discrete distribution of hyperfine field, indicating that the Néel temperature T
N was about 603 K. The ceramic Ba0.1Bi0.9(Ti0.9Zr0.1)0.1Fe0.9O3 remains stable in the rhombohedral structure (R3c) in the temperature range of 300 K–800 K. The anomaly of volume below T
N, as detected from the model Debye–Gruneissen, reveals the presence of magnetoelastic coupling in this compound. The total polarization (P) obtained from Rietveld refined atomic positions is found to depend on the magnetic order that leads to the decrease of the total polarization (P) through the anomaly volume. The reduction in the polarization by ΔP ∼ −2.4 μC cm−2 suggests negative magnetoelectric interaction. The total polarization (P) obtained from Rietveld refined atomic is coupled with the magnetic ordering mediated by magnetoelastic coupling. The hyperfine field (B
hf) dependence of polarization (P) at a temperature range below T
N exhibits a linear evolution, confirming the linear magnetoelectric coupling. At room temperature, the linear magnetoelectric coefficient is about α
ME ≈ 1.84 × 10−9 s m−1.
Optimisation of the total population size with respect to the initial condition for semilinear parabolic equations: two-scale expansions and symmetrisations
Authors: Mazari Idriss , Nadin Grégoire , Toledo Marrero Ana Isis 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this article, we propose in-depth analysis and characterisation of the optimisers of the following optimisation problem: how to choose the initial condition u
0 in order to maximise the spatial integral at a given time of the solution of the semilinear equation u

t
−Δu = f(u), under L
∞ and L
1 constraints on u
0? Our contribution in the present paper is to give a characterisation of the behaviour of the optimiser

u

¯

0

when it does not saturate the L
∞ constraints, which is a key step in implementing efficient numerical algorithms. We give such a characterisation under mild regularity assumptions by proving that in that case

u

¯

0

can only take values in the ‘zone of concavity’ of f. This is done using two-scale asymptotic expansions. We then show how well-known isoperimetric inequalities yield a full characterisation of maximisers when f is convex. Finally, we provide several numerical simulations in one and two dimensions that illustrate and exemplify the fact that such characterisations significantly improve the computational time. All our theoretical results are in the one-dimensional case and we offer several comments about possible generalisations to other contexts, or obstructions that may prohibit doing so.
Using periodic boundary conditions to approximate the Navier–Stokes equations on

R3

and the transfer of regularity
Authors: Robinson James C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper considers solutions u

α
of the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations on the periodic domains Q

α
≔ (−α,α)3 as the domain size α → ∞, and compares them to solutions of the same equations on the whole space. For compactly-supported initial data

u

α

0

∈

H

1

(

Q

α

)

, an appropriate extension of u

α
converges to a solution u of the equations on

R

3

, strongly in

L

r

(

0
,
T
;

H

1

(

R

3

)

)

, r ∈ [1, ∞). The same also holds when

u

α

0

is the velocity corresponding to a fixed, compactly-supported vorticity. A consequence is that if an initial compactly-supported velocity

u

0

∈

H

1

(

R

3

)

or an initial compactly-supported vorticity

ω

0

∈

H

1

(

R

3

)

gives rise to a smooth solution on [0, T*] for the equations posed on

R

3

, a smooth solution will also exist on [0, T*] for the same initial data for the periodic problem posed on Q

α
for α sufficiently large; this illustrates a ‘transfer of regularity’ from the whole space to the periodic case.
Recent progress in III-nitride nanosheets: properties, materials and applications
Authors: Wu Kefeng , Huang Siyu , Wang Wenliang , Li Guoqiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs compared with their bulk materials, III-nitride nanosheets, including gallium nitride, aluminium nitride, indium nitride, reveal wider bandgap, enhanced optical properties, anomalously temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, etc, which are more suitable for the fabrication of nano-photodetectors, nano-field electron transistors, etc, for the application in the fields of nano-optoelectronics and nano-electronics. Although the properties of III-nitrides have been predicted based on the first-principles calculation, the experimental realization of III-nitride nanosheets has been restricted primarily due to dangling bonds on the surface and strong built-in electrostatic field caused by wurtzite/zinc-blende structures. To tackle these issues, several effective approaches have been introduced, and the distinct progress has been achieved during the past decade. In this review, the simulation and prediction of properties of III-nitride nanosheets are outlined, and the corresponding solutions and novel developed techniques for realisation of III-nitride nanosheets and defect control are discussed in depth. Furthermore, the corresponding devices based on the as-grown III-nitride nanosheets are introduced accordingly. Moreover, perspectives toward the further development of III-nitrides nanosheets and devices are also discussed.
Urban NO
x
emissions around the world declined faster than anticipated between 2005 and 2019
Authors: Goldberg Daniel L , Anenberg Susan C , Lu Zifeng , Streets David G , Lamsal Lok N , E McDuffie Erin , Smith Steven J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Emission inventory development for air pollutants, by compiling records from individual emission sources, takes many years and involves extensive multi-national effort. A complementary method to estimate air pollution emissions is in the use of satellite remote sensing. In this study, NO2 observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument are combined with re-analysis meteorology to estimate urban nitrogen oxide (NO
X
) emissions for 80 global cities between 2005 and 2019. The global average downward trend in satellite-derived urban NOX emissions was 3.1%–4.0% yr−1 between 2009 and 2018 while inventories show a 0%–2.2% yr−1 drop over the same timeframe. This difference is primarily driven by discrepancies between satellite-derived urban NO
X
emissions and inventories in Africa, China, India, Latin America, and the Middle East. In North America, Europe, Korea, Japan, and Australasia, NOX emissions dropped similarly as reported in the inventories. In Europe, Korea, and Japan only, the temporal trends match the inventories well, but the satellite estimate is consistently larger over time. While many of the discrepancies between satellite-based and inventory emissions estimates represent real differences, some of the discrepancies might be related to the assumptions made to compare the satellite-based estimates with inventory estimates, such as the spatial disaggregation of emissions inventories. Our work identifies that the three largest uncertainties in the satellite estimate are the tropospheric column measurements, wind speed and direction, and spatial definition of each city.
Overview of the V International Conference on Agribusiness, Environmental Engineering and Biotechnologies – AGRITECH-V – 2021
Authors: Kovalev I V , Pyzhikova N I , Voroshilova A A , Shaporova Z E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The overview describes the main directions and results of the International Conference “AGRITECH-V-2021” held in Krasnoyarsk, Russia on 16-19 June 2021. It gives the details about the participants and the proceedings. The anchor partners of Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall were Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, the Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan and Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan. The Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture of the Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences” and Siberian Scientific Centre DNIT sponsored the Conference.
Forming of cropping capacity against the background of effect and aftereffect of diatomaceous earth and poultry manure
Authors: Arefiev Alexander , Kuzina Elena , Kowalskiy Kirill 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The effect of poultry manure, different rates of diatomaceous earth in the combination with poultry manure on the elements of the yield structure and productivity of a hybrid of Ladoga 175 MV corn and Granny spring wheat was studied. It was stated that the most significant effect on the positive change in the elements of the structure of the yield of corn and spring wheat had a direct effect and aftereffect of diatomaceous earth in combination with poultry manure. The maximum productivity was ensured by the integrated use of diatomaceous earth with poultry manure. The productivity of corn against their background statistically exceeded the control by 2.02-2.52 t/ha of grain units or by 47.7-59.6 %, the productivity of spring wheat – by 0.66-0.87 t/ha of grain units, or 26.8-35.4%. The effect and aftereffect of diatomaceous earth with rates 8 and 10 t/ha both pure and in a complex with poultry manure had an equivalent effect on the productivity of corn and spring wheat.
The use of the data derived from the PlanetScope satellite and unmanned aerial vehicles to estimate crop yield as dependent on the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied
Authors: Malchikov N O , Pisman T I , Botvich I Yu , Emelyanov D V , Vagner V V , Shevyrnogov A P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to show the usefulness of the satellite data and the data derived from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for estimating the relationship between cereal grain crop yield and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied. The study was conducted on the land of the Kuraginskoye Research Farm. The study material was spring barley cv. Biom. Three test plots were studied; mineral fertilizer, urea, was used in different quantities for foliar application in June; applications were performed at equal intervals. Multispectral images were based on PlanetScope satellite data, with the 3 m spatial resolution, and the data derived from the DJI Phantom 4 Multispectral UAV, with the 10 cm resolution. The satellite and UAV data were used to calculate spectral vegetation index (NDVI) (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). A high correlation was obtained between the NDVI values calculated using satellite data and UAV data. The satellite data provided the basis for assessing barley crop yield as dependent on the amount of foliar-applied urea during the growing season. Maps of the spatial distribution of barley NDVI were constructed using the Phantom UAV data; they showed that the third foliar application of the fertilizer was not economically justified.
Effect of weather and climatic conditions on the yield of winter wheat cultivated using No-Till technology
Authors: Esaulko A N , Pismennaya E V , Azarova M Yu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe study was conducted between 2018 and 2020 in the arid zone of Stavropol Territory to determine the yields of different varieties of winter wheat cultivated using direct seeding technology, based on weather and climatic changes. The work was carried out on the basis of «Agrokhleboprodukt» JSC agricultural enterprise. The precursors were sunflower, chickpea; soft winter wheat varieties - Zustrich (st.), Bagira and Bagrat. It was found that growth, development and productivity of winter wheat depended on abnormal weather-climatic conditions. It was noted that annual average rainfall tended to decrease while annual average temperature and vegetation index NDVI tended to increase. The average variation of indicators for sprouting of different varieties and precursors was 9 %. The seedlings emerged 19-20 days after sowing. The rates of variation reflected the high heterogeneity in plant development in all phases. The variation of sprouting density was homogeneous in all varieties and precursors. Reduction of the index was observed from the phase of sprouting to earing and for all the precursors. Winter wheat yields were 3.01-4.50 t/ha for sunflowers and 3.26-4.68 t/ha for chickpeas. The variety Bagrat showed the best results for chickpeas and the variety Zustrich for sunflowers.
Dependence of apple yield on soil parameters in the conditions of the north of the Central Black Earth Region
Authors: Zakharov V L , Zubkova T V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The purpose of our research was to establish the correlation between individual soil parameters and the apple yield on low-growing rootstocks. Of the studied soils the gray forest soil was distinguished by the smallest thickness of the humus horizon, while the largest was leached chernozem. The upper line of the typical chernozem carbonate site was closest to the soil surface, while on gray forest and chernozem-moist meadow soil carbonates were the deepest. The lowest bonitet score belonged to gray forest soil (bonitet class 7), the highest – to leached chernozem (bonitet class 9). Typical chernozem podzolized, meadow-chernozem, chernozem-meadow, chernozem-moist-meadow and meadow-chernozem soils belonged to the 8th class of bonitet. Only the gray forest soil was of average quality, the rest of the soils were the best. Apple varieties grafted on semi-dwarf rootstocks 62-396 give the highest yield when grown on typical chernozem, and varieties on medium-sized (54-118) and vigorous (seed) stocks - on podzolized chernozem. Of the three given rootstocks the seed rootstocks suffer the most from the proximity of groundwater, while the semi-dwarf rootstocks - the least. As the groundwater approaches the soil surface, apple yield decreases in varieties grafted on medium-sized rootstocks 54-118. This is due to the vigor of the rootstock growth. The higher the vigor of growth, the more dangerous soils become with similar groundwater levels for rootstocks. Apple seed stocks are less demanding on soil fertility than 62-396 and 54-118. With an increase in the amount of exchange bases in the soil, absorption capacity, degree of saturation with bases, total porosity and bonitet, the yield of apple varieties on stocks 62-396 and 54-118 increases. The varieties on the stock 62-396 prefer soils with close carbonates sites, and on seed ones - with a deep one.
Application scheme influence of carnitine-containing composition on quails’ metabolism
Authors: Kletikova L V , Kaminskaya A A , Mannova M S , Yakimenko N N 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The development of quail farming in Russia stimulated the search for environmentally friendly micronutrient preparations that ensure the safety, health and high productivity of birds. Evaluation of the effect of a complex carnitine-containing composition on metabolic parameters was assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer Biochemical Analyzer SMT-120 Vet with subsequent mathematical data processing. The composition was applied to quails from 2 to 80 days of age. The introduction of the composition at a dose of 0.25 ml/l for 5 days with a 10-day interval in 76-78-day-old quails significantly increased the protein coefficient by 17.14 and creatinine by 22.59%, decreased urea by 5.09%, total bilirubin by 15.45%, glucose by 51.00%. The use of the composition at a dose of 0.5 ml/l for 5 days with a 10-day interval significantly increased the protein coefficient by 18.29%, decreased the concentration of uric acid by 16.38, urea by 6.58 and glucose by 55.16%. The use of the composition at a dose of 0.25 ml/l for 5 days with a 5-day interval contributed to an increase in albumin by 67.68%, normalization of the protein coefficient, a decrease in uric acid by 9.91, urea by 5.34, total bilirubin by 22.22 and glucose by 45.03%. Integration of the composition into the diet at a dose of 0.5 ml/l for 5 days with a 5-day interval led to a decrease in uric acid by 7.33, total bilirubin by 29.33 and glucose by 54.89%, an increase in creatinine by 11.57%. The carnitine-containing composition was a universal regulator of metabolic processes, with a pronounced hepatoprotective effect, had a beneficial effect on protein metabolism and improved the energy status of quails. Its most effective use is at a dose of 0.25 ml/l for 5 days with a 5-day interval throughout the entire growing period.
Socio-ecological-economic aspects of effective land use in agriculture
Authors: Kuzmich N P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, agricultural enterprises operate in difficult socio-economic conditions, but even taking this into account, they must minimize the negative impact of their activities on the environment. The article deals with the problems and tasks of the ecological direction in agriculture. At the same time, land administration mechanisms continue to improve. The article deals with the issues of normative regulation of the main directions of the greening of agriculture in the field of the use of land resources. As a result of the study, it was concluded that it is necessary to strengthen the role of the state in the socio-ecological-economic direction, in the development of technologies with environmental potential. The role of environmental education, the need for the formation of new environmental thinking is noted. Measures are proposed to preserve the environment, the effective functioning of agricultural enterprises, taking into account social, environmental and economic factors. The purpose of this research is to improve the theory and practice of effective land use in agriculture. The main research methods used in writing this article are observation, analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach.
Diagnostics of the production factor importance in the territories of the region development
Authors: Shevchuk I S , Urasova A A , Balandin D A , Pytkin A N 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The paper examines the features of the impact of significant factors on the economic and sectoral development of the regions on the example of the Perm Territory. Based on the use of progressive assessment methods, the key role of the production factor in the development of the region’s territories has been established. Analysis of the dynamics of the main production and investment indicators of the territories of the Perm Territory made it possible to propose their typology according to four types of development, depending on the nature of the impact of regional factors. The assessment showed a significant intra-regional asymmetry, including in terms of the levels of industry specialization and industrialization of the territories of the region. The results of the study made it possible to state the relevance of procedures for analysing internal management mechanisms, determining driving forces and a comprehensive assessment of the development of territories in the region’s space when implementing the necessary management decisions, taking into account the tasks of increasing industry efficiency.