bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the oat, horse chestnut, cowherb, soy, quinoa and soapwort extracts on skin‐mimicking monolayers and cell lines
Authors: Jurek Ilona , Szuplewska Aleksandra , Chudy Michał , Wojciechowski Kamil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe main goal of the study was to compare the effect of aqueous extracts of oat (Avena sativa L.), horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), soapwort (Saponaria officinalis L.), cowherb (Vaccaria hispanica [P. Mill.] Rauschert) and soy (Glycine max L.) on model lipid monolayers mimicking the lipid membrane of keratinocytes and intercellular lipids of stratum corneum, and on human skin‐related cell lines. Two lipid monolayers, consisting of a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol mixture in a molar ratio of 7:3 and Ceramide VI, stearic acid and cholesterol in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.7, and two cell lines (human keratinocyte HaCaT and human skin malignant melanoma A375) were employed. None of the extracts reduced surface pressure below the level achieved for bare monolayers. The strength of the effect on the lipid monolayers (horse chestnut > cowherb > soapwort > soy) points to the existence of some specific interactions responsible for the observed affinity of biosurfactants from the extracts to the lipids in the monolayers. The cytotoxicity tests performed with two model skin cell lines showed that all six plants extracts significantly reduced the cells' viability in a concentration‐dependent way. The model lipid monolayers were not solubilized by the investigated surface‐active extracts. The latter thus proved interesting candidates for application in mild cleansing cosmetic formulations. Penetration of the monolayers by surface‐active components of some extracts, especially horse chestnut, cowherb and soapwort, opens new possibilities for topical delivery of active components.
Rapid qualitative profiling and quantitative analysis of Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex and seven flavonoids by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole/orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Sun Zhi , Zhao Mengfan , Zuo Lihua , Zhou Shengnan , Fan Feng , Jia Qingquan , Xue Lianping , Li Hanbing , Kang Jian , Zhang Xiaojian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractJuglandis Mandshuricae Cortex is the bark ofJuglans mandshurica Maxim., which has been used as a folk medicine plant in China and India. In this study, an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole/orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry method was developed to clarify and quantify the chemical profiling of Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex rapidly. A total of 113 compounds were characterized. Among them, seven flavonoids were simultaneously quantified in 15 min, including myricetin, myricetrin, taxifolin, kaempferol, quercetin, quercitrin, and naringenin. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, and the limits of detection and quantification. All calibration curves showed a good linear relationship (r > 0.9990) within test ranges. The intra‐ and inter‐day relative standard deviations were less than 2.16%. Accuracy validation showed that the recovery was between 95.6 and 101.3% with relative standard deviation values below 2.85%. The validated method was successfully applied to determine the contents of seven flavones in Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex from seven sources and the contents of these places were calculated respectively. This method provides a theoretical basis for further developing the medicinal value of Juglandis Mandshuricae Cortex.
LINC01224 facilitates the proliferation and inhibits the radiosensitivity of melanoma cells through the miR‐193a‐5p/NR1D2 axis
Authors: Cui Yu , Zheng Yi , Lu Yue , Zhang Muyuan , Yang Lei , Li Wei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMelanoma is a skin cancer characterized by early metastasis and high mortality. Radiotherapy is a common treatment for melanoma in patients. Long noncoding RNAs play pivotal roles in regulating the radiosensitivity of many tumors, including melanomas. In this study, the role of LINC01224 in the radiosensitivity of melanoma cells was explored. The expression of LINC01224 in melanoma was examined by reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the results showed that LINC01224 was upregulated in melanoma tissues and cells. The effects of LINC01224 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in melanoma were assessed by 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT), colony formation, and flow cytometry assays. The effects of LINC01224 on the radiosensitivity of melanoma were analyzed by colony formation assay. The results implied that LINC01224 knockdown inhibited cell viability and proliferation but enhanced cell apoptosis and radiosensitivity. Luciferase reporter and RNA pull‐down assays were performed to evaluate the relationships between LINC01224 and miR‐193a‐5p or miR‐193a‐5p and nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 2 (NR1D2). We found that LINC01224 binds to miR‐193a‐5p, which directly targets NR1D2. In addition, we discovered that LINC01224 upregulated NR1D2 expression by sponging miR‐193a‐5p in melanoma cells. Overall, the data collected in this study suggest that LINC01224 exerts oncogenic effects in melanoma via the miR‐193a‐5p/NR1D2 axis.
Senkyunolide H inhibits activation of microglia and attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2 microglia cells via regulating ERK and NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Tan Jun , Li Wei , Teng Zhipeng , Wang Guang , Li Yanyan , Zhang Yuan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNeuropathic pain is one of the common surgical diseases, which leads to abnormal chronic pain and pain hypersensitivity reaction. Microglia are important glial cells in the spinal cord, which are conducive to sensitization and maintenance of chronic pain. Recently, Senkyunolide H (SNH) has been reported to play an anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant role. However, the mechanisms by which SNH improves neuropathic pain symptoms remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate and identify the role of SNH in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2. Western blot and immunostaining assays revealed that SNH treatment attenuated LPS‐mediated activation of BV2 in a dose‐dependent manner. Flow cytometry further verified that BV2 microglial cells gradually shifted from an M1 (pro‐inflammatory) phenotype to an M2 (anti‐inflammatory) phenotype after SNH administration. Furthermore, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and ELISA assays demonstrated that SNH treatment attenuated LPS‐mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2 microglial cells. Lastly, western blot assays suggested that SHN could inactivate the ERK and NF‐κB signaling pathways. Altogether, our findings have demonstrated that SNH could reverse LPS‐mediated activation of microglia, LPS‐mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in BV2 via regulating the ERK and NF‐κB pathways.
Phonation Threshold Pressure Revisited: Effects of Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Activation
Authors: Azar Shaghauyegh S. , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives/HypothesisPhonation threshold pressure (Pth) is the minimum subglottic pressure required to reach phonation onset and is considered a marker for vocal efficiency and health. We investigated the effects of intrinsic laryngeal muscle (ILM) activation on Pth.Study DesignIn vivo animal study.MethodsIn an in vivo canine phonation model, laryngeal adductor muscles were activated together by stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) and individually via stimulation of respective terminal nerve branches. Cricothyroid (CT) muscles were activated via stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerves. ILMs were activated in a graded manner at various combinations as transglottal airflow was gradually increased. Aerodynamic and glottal posture parameters were measured at phonation onset.ResultsGraded RLN stimulation decreased glottal distance and increased Pth. Thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle activation alone increased Pth. Lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA) muscle activation alone had minimal effects. However, graded TA activation as a function of LCA activation level revealed a synergistic relationship between the two muscles in increasing Pth. Effects of CT activation were dependent on adductor stimulation level: CT activation increased Pth at low RLN stimulation levels and decreased Pth at high RLN levels.ConclusionsThe effects of ILM activation on Pth were consistent with their expected effects on vocal fold stiffness and tension. TA was the primary adductor controlling Pth. While LCA alone had minimal effects on Pth, it enhanced the role of TA in controlling Pth. TA and CT have antagonistic roles in controlling Pth. These relationships should be considered in clinical efforts to improve ease of phonation and vocal efficiency.Level of EvidenceNA, basic science Laryngoscope, 132:1427–1432, 2022
Effect of annealing and supercritical CO2 exposure at 750°C on the tensile properties of stainless steel and Ni‐based structural alloys
Authors: Dryepondt Sebastien N. , Lehmusto Juho , Pint Bruce A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSubsize dogbone tensile specimens of alloys 304H, 310HCbN, and 740H were exposed to 30 MPa supercritical CO2 (sCO2) for up to 4000 h at 750°C. Similar exposures in laboratory air were used to assess the specific role of sCO2 exposure on the alloy tensile properties. Type 304H specimens were only embrittled by exposure in sCO2 due to the formation of a thick Fe‐rich oxide and C ingress in the bulk of the alloy. For 310HCbN and 740H, no effect of the sCO2 environment was observed and a decrease of the alloy's ductility was associated with previously observed microstructure evolutions, for example, grain boundary carbide formation. The 740H was tested in the solution annealed condition and self‐aging took place during 750°C exposures in sCO2 and air with the formation of fine gamma prime precipitates leading to significant tensile strength increase. It was found that both 740H and 310HCbN have adequate sCO2 compatibility for high‐temperature commercial applications.
Animal models for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and pathology
Authors: Bi Zhenfei , Hong Weiqi , Yang Jingyun , Lu Shuaiyao , Peng Xiaozhong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is the etiology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Current variants including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Lambda increase the capacity of infection and transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2, which might disable the in‐used therapies and vaccines. The COVID‐19 has now put an enormous strain on health care system all over the world. Therefore, the development of animal models that can capture characteristics and immune responses observed in COVID‐19 patients is urgently needed. Appropriate models could accelerate the testing of therapeutic drugs and vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2. In this review, we aim to summarize the current animal models for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, including mice, hamsters, nonhuman primates, and ferrets, and discuss the details of transmission, pathology, and immunology induced by SARS‐CoV‐2 in these animal models. We hope this could throw light to the increased usefulness in fundamental studies of COVID‐19 and the preclinical analysis of vaccines and therapeutic agents.
Yellow Yeast Rice Prepared Using Aspergillus terreus DSMK01 Lowers Cholesterol Levels by Stimulating Bile Salt Export Pump in Subjects with Mild‐to‐Moderate Hypercholesterolemia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kang Seunghee , Lee Eunok , Lee Heeyeon , Hwang Geum‐Sook , Lee Jaekyung , Kim Ji Won , Oh Bumjo , Kim Ji Yeon , Kwon Oran 
Published: November 2021

ScopeAspergillus terreus is an industrial microorganism used in the brewing and sauce industries. It produces monacolin K, a natural statin. The study conducted an 8‐week randomized controlled trial with hypercholesterolemic subjects to examine the hypocholesterolemic effects and mechanisms of supplementation with yellow yeast rice (YYR) prepared by growing Aspergillus fungi on steamed rice.Methods and ResultsYYR supplementation markedly reduced total cholesterol, LDL, and apolipoprotein B100 levels in plasma compared with the placebo. In addition, YYR induced a significantly increased ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 11 (ABCB11) gene expression compared with the placebo, indicating the role of YYR in lowering intrahepatic cholesterol availability by stimulating the bile salt export pump. Upregulation of LDL receptor (LDLR) and 3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase (HMGCR) gene expressions provided additional evidence to support the role of YYR in reducing hepatic cholesterol availability. Plasma metabolomic profiling revealed the possibility of diminishing bile acid absorption. Finally, Spearman rank analysis showed correlations of plasma cholesterol profiles with HMGCR and LDLR gene expressions (negative) and plasma bile acids (positive). Plasma bile acids also correlated with ABCB11 (negative) and LDLR (positive) gene expressions.ConclusionThese findings suggest that daily YYR supplementation exerted hypocholesterolemic effects in mild‐to‐moderate hypercholesterolemic subjects by reducing intrahepatic cholesterol availability through stimulating bile salt export pumps and inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis.
Enhanced isolation ofMIMOcavity antenna using substrate integrated waveguide technology
Authors: Rebbah Rabia , Messaoudene Idris , Khelifi Mustapha , Hammache Boualem , Denidni Tayeb A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a cavity‐backed semi‐circular antenna with rectangular slot for MIMO (multiple‐input multiple‐output) systems is presented. The proposed MIMO antenna comprises two rectangular slots etched on the ground plane and excited by two microstrip transmission lines. The substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is integrated to enhance the isolation between the two antenna elements. The obtained results show that the antenna operates around 5.8 GHz with an impedance bandwidth between 5.65 and 5.9 GHz, withS11 ≤ −10 dB, which is suitable for WLAN (wireless local area networking) applications. The fractional bandwidth of the reference MIMO antenna is 4.13%, while for the SIW MIMO case attains 4.31%. Moreover, the integration of SIW resonators leads to an enhancement of the isolation from 17.7 dB (reference antenna) to 30 dB. The achieved gain is about 5.6 dBi at the resonance frequency 5.8 GHz. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is lower than 7 × 10−5across the operating bandwidth. The simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The fabricated antenna exhibits very acceptable radiation performances compared to the conventional one.
RootPainter3D: Interactive‐machine‐learning enables rapid and accurate contouring for radiotherapy
Authors: Smith Abraham George , Petersen Jens , Terrones‐Campos Cynthia , Berthelsen Anne Kiil , Forbes Nora Jarrett , Darkner Sune , Specht Lena , Vogelius Ivan Richter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeOrgan‐at‐risk contouring is still a bottleneck in radiotherapy, with many deep learning methods falling short of promised results when evaluated on clinical data. We investigate the accuracy and time‐savings resulting from the use of an interactive‐machine‐learning method for an organ‐at‐risk contouring task.MethodsWe implement an open‐source interactive‐machine‐learning software application that facilitates corrective‐annotation for deep‐learning generated contours on X‐ray CT images. A trained‐physician contoured 933 hearts using our software by delineating the first image, starting model training, and then correcting the model predictions for all subsequent images. These corrections were added into the training data, which was used for continuously training the assisting model. From the 933 hearts, the same physician also contoured the first 10 and last 10 in Eclipse (Varian) to enable comparison in terms of accuracy and duration.ResultsWe find strong agreement with manual delineations, with a dice score of 0.95. The annotations created using corrective‐annotation also take less time to create as more images are annotated, resulting in substantial time savings compared to manual methods. After 923 images had been delineated, hearts took 2 min and 2 s to delineate on average, which includes time to evaluate the initial model prediction and assign the needed corrections, compared to 7 min and 1 s when delineating manually.ConclusionsOur experiment demonstrates that interactive‐machine‐learning with corrective‐annotation provides a fast and accessible way for non computer‐scientists to train deep‐learning models to segment their own structures of interest as part of routine clinical workflows.
PIcontrol based on parameter space approach supported metaheuristic optimization algorithms andANFISin a natural gas combined cycle power plant
Authors: Bayhan Nevra , Arıkuşu Yılmaz Seryar , Tiryaki Hasan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this article, proportional‐integral (PI) control to ensure stable operation of a steam turbine in a natural gas combined cycle power plant is investigated, since active power control is very important due to the constantly changing power flow differences between supply and demand in power systems. For this purpose, an approach combining stability and optimization in PI control of a steam turbine in a natural gas combined cycle power plant is proposed. First, the regions of the PI controller, which will stabilize this power plant system in closed loop, are obtained by parameter space approach method. In the next step of this article, it is aimed to find the best parameter values of the PI controller, which stabilizes the system in the parameter space, with artificial intelligence‐based control and metaheuristic optimization. Through parameter space approach, the proposed optimization algorithms limit the search space to a stable region. The controller parameters are examined with Particle Swarm Optimization based PI, artificial bee colony based PI, genetic algorithm based PI, gray wolf optimization based PI, equilibrium optimization based PI, atom search optimization based PI, coronavirus herd immunity optimization based PI, and adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system based PI (ANFIS‐PI) algorithms. The optimized PI controller parameters are applied to the system model, and the transient responses performances of the system output signals are compared. Comparison results of all these methods based on parameter space approach that guarantee stability for this power plant system are presented. According to the results, ANFIS‐ PI controller is better than other methods.
Effectiveness and safety of early combined utilization of budesonide and surfactant by airway for bronchopulmonary dysplasia prevention in premature infants with RDS: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tang Wei , Chen Sisi , Shi Dongmei , Ai Tao , Zhang Lei , Huang Yijie , Fan Yinghong , Du Yiting 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo address the effectiveness and safety of early airway combined utilization of budesonide and surfactant for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) prevention in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).MethodsLiterature retrieval was carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CQ VIP, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, searching from the inception to September 2021. Stata 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThis meta‐analysis suggested that early combined utilization of budesonide and surfactant by airway have a superiority on BPD incidence (risk ratio [RR] = 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.71, p < 0.001], mortality (RR = 0.64; 95%CI: 0.45–0.92, p = 0.016), the composite outcome of BPD or mortality (RR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.50–0.68, p < 0.001), the additional doses of surfactant (RR = 0.53; 95%CI: 0.44–0.63, p < 0.001), the duration of assisted ventilation (standard mean difference [SMD] = −1.14; 95%CI: −1.58 to −0.70, p < 0.001), duration of invasive ventilation(SMD = −1.77; 95% CI: −2.61 to −0.93, p < 0.001), and hospital stays (SMD = −1.11; 95% CI: −1.73 to −0.49, p = 0.001) in preterm infants with RDS. And these benefits were not associated with increased adverse outcomes. Furthermore, a decreased incidence of patent ducts arterious (PDA) (RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.97, p = 0.028) was found in premature infants treated with budesonide and surfactant. Subgroup analysis based on budesonide delivery methods (inhalation or intratracheal instillation) indicated that the decrease of mortality (RR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.43–0.93, p = 0.019), duration of assisted ventilation (SMD = −0.95; 95% CI: −1.30 to −0.61, p < 0.001), hospital stays (SMD = −1.23; 95% CI: −2.05 to −0.41, p = 0.003) and PDA incidence (RR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.99, p = 0.044) were mainly in budesonide intratracheal instillation subgroup, rather than in budesonide inhalation subgroup.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis suggested that early combined utilization of budesonide and surfactant by airway might be an effective and safe clinical practice for BPD prevention in premature infants with RDS, especially when budesonide was delivered by intratracheal instillation. However, many of the included studies were small and were from Asian origin. More well‐designed randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes and longer follow‐up from all over the world ought to be conducted in the future.
The prognostic nutritional index predicts the biochemical recurrence of patients treated with robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Li Nichujie , Song Wei‐Jie , Gao Jun , Xu Zhi‐Peng , Long Zhi , Liu Jian‐Ye , He Le‐Ye 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in predicting the biochemical recurrence (BCR) of patients treated with robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP).MethodsThe clinical data of 136 patients treated with RALP in the Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were retrospectively analyzed. The endpoint of observation was BCR. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was evaluated to determine the optimal cutoff value of PNI. The correlation of the PNI with BCR was estimated using Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsThe optimal cutoff value of the PNI was 46.03 according to the ROC curve. (95% confidence interval: 0.604–0.805, Youden index = 0.401, sensitivity = 82.5%, specificity = 57.6%, p < 0.01). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that clinical staging, prostate‐specific antigen, and PNI were independent prognostic factors for predicting BCR in patients treated with RALP.ConclusionPNI is an independent prognostic factor for predicting BCR in patients treated with RALP. The incorporation of the PNI into risk assessments may provide additional prognostic information.