bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Inversion Algorithms for Retrieval of Absorption Subcomponents from Ocean Colour Remote Sensing Reflectance
Authors: Kolluru Srinivas , Tiwari Surya Prakash , Gedam Shirishkumar S. 
Published: April 2021

Semi-analytical algorithms (SAAs) invert spectral remote sensing reflectance (Rrs(λ), sr−1) to Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs) of an aquatic medium (λ is the wavelength). Existing SAAs implement different methodologies with a range of spectral IOP models and inversion methods producing concentrations of non-water constituents. Absorption spectrum decomposition algorithms (ADAs) are a set of algorithms developed to partition anw(λ), m−1 (i.e., the light absorption coefficient without pure water absorption), into absorption subcomponents of phytoplankton (aph(λ), m−1) and coloured detrital matter (adg(λ), m−1). Despite significant developments in ADAs, their applicability to remote sensing applications is rarely studied. The present study formulates hybrid inversion approaches that combine SAAs and ADAs to derive absorption subcomponents from Rrs(λ) and explores potential alternatives to operational SAAs. Using Rrs(λ) and concurrent absorption subcomponents from four datasets covering a wide range of optical properties, three operational SAAs, i.e., Garver–Siegel–Maritorena (GSM), Quasi-Analytical Algorithm (QAA), Generalized Inherent Optical Property (GIOP) model are evaluated in deriving anw(λ) from Rrs(λ). Among these three models, QAA and GIOP models derived anw(λ) with lower errors. Among six distinctive ADAs tested in the study, the Generalized Stacked Constraints Model (GSCM) and Zhang’s model-derived absorption subcomponents achieved lower average spectral mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) in the range of 8–38%. Four hybrid models, GIOPGSCM, GIOPZhang, QAAGSCM and QAAZhang, formulated using the SAAs and ADAs, are compared for their absorption subcomponent retrieval performance from Rrs(λ). GIOPGSCM and GIOPZhang models derived absorption subcomponents have lower errors than GIOP and QAA. Potential uncertainties associated with datasets and dependency of algorithm performance on datasets were discussed.
Online and telephone access to general practice: a cross-sectional patient survey
Authors: Bryce Carol , O'Connell Matthew DL , Dale Jeremy , Underwood Martin , Atherton Helen 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundImproving access to primary health care in the UK has focused on the use of telephone and online access, but little is known about how awareness of and use varies between different patient groups.AimTo determine how patients are interacting with telephone and online channels for accessing general practice services and information, and to analyse how this varies according to patient characteristics and health status.Design & settingA cross-sectional self-administered survey of adult patients in general practices across the West Midlands, UK.MethodDescriptive statistics were used to show participants’ awareness of and interaction with online information sources and remote access. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the relationships between demographic and health characteristics, and awareness and use of online services and alternatives to face-to-face consultations (for example, telephone).ResultsA total of 2789 patients (19.0% response rate) from 43 general practices participated. The study found 60.8% (n = 1651/2715) of participants were aware of online services and 30.3% (n = 811/2674) reported having used one. Daily internet usage and frequently visiting the GP showed the strongest associations with knowledge and use of online services.ConclusionThe study shows that there is the potential for inequitable awareness and use of telephone and online services in general practice populations. Given that their use has greatly increased owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, future service design will need to ensure equity is taken into account.
Estrategia de enseñanza de conceptos básicos de educación financiera para niños en edad escolar
Authors: González Wilmarys , Montilla Argenis 
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer una estrategia de enseñanza de los conceptos básicos financieros dirigida a niños en edad escolar, aplicando el Método del Caso como herramienta didáctica. Para ello se partió del principio de que la conciencia financiera en el individuo se puede desarrollar desde la niñez, asumiendo las teorías de Educación Financiera de Ruiz H (2011) y apoyada por la UNICEF como el proceso mediante el cual, se logra un mejor conocimiento de los diferentes productos financieros. Por otro lado la investigación se sustenta en la teoría de Rosker (2006) quien indica que el Método del Caso es una descripción de una situación real que incluye un problema, una oportunidad o la toma de una decisión dentro de una realidad social. Metodológicamente, se considera como una investigación proyectiva, de corte descriptivo y de campo, por tratarse de la elaboración de una propuesta con base en una realidad concreta. Se puede concluir que la estrategia propuesta es una contribución en la orientación de los niños para desarrollar su capacidad de investigación y control sobre su propia vida y además, se inclinen a participar en los asuntos que les afectan a ellos y a sus comunidades, como ciudadanos social y económicamente empoderados, garantizando que la experiencia de los niños en los emprendimientos sociales y financieros sea de manera positiva, segura y con aptitudes valiosas, creando un Impacto social.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research is to propose a strategy for teaching basic financial concepts aimed at school-age children, applying the Case Method as a didactic tool. For this, it was started from the principle that financial awareness in the individual can be developed from childhood, assuming the theories of Financial Education of Ruiz H (2011) and supported by UNICEF as the process through which, a better knowledge is achieved of the different financial products. On the other hand, the research is based on the theory of Rosker (2006) who indicates that the Case Method is a description of a real situation that includes a problem, an opportunity or the making of a decision within a social reality. Methodologically, it is considered as a projective, descriptive and field research, as it involves the elaboration of a proposal based on a concrete reality. It can be concluded that the proposed strategy is a contribution in guiding children to develop their capacity for investigation and control over their own lives and also, they are inclined to participate in matters that affect them and their communities, as social citizens and economically empowered, ensuring that the experience of children in social and financial endeavors is positive, safe and with valuable skills, creating a Social Impact.
Analysis of factors influencing acute respiratory infection among under-five children in Sering Public Health Centre, Medan Tembung subdistrict
Authors: Salim Stephanie , Lubis Lokot Donna , Adella Cut Adeya , Daulay Milahayati , Megawati Eka Roina 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Nowadays, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the most common cause of high morbidity and mortality rate in children. ARI is defined as an infection either in the upper or lower respiratory tract that lasts for 14 days and caused by either viruses or bacteria. The incidence of ARI in 2017 is 20.54%, with the most prominent characteristic in children aged 1 to 4 years. Factors that&nbsp;affect ARI frequency are gender, birth weight, nutritional status, immunization status, vitamin A status, exclusive breastfeeding, smoke exposure, family income, and mother&rsquo;s formal education.
Aim: This study aims to find out risk factors that potentiate ARI among children from age 1 to 5.&nbsp;
Materials and methods: This study used a descriptive-analytical method with a cross-sectional study approach. The data is taken by consecutive sampling method with a questionnaire as the tool.&nbsp;
Results: The bivariate analysis result using Fisher&rsquo;s exact test shows that there is no relation between sex (p=0.642), birth weight (p=0.683), completion of immunization (p=0.195), vitamin A supplementation (p=1.000), exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.157), crowding (p=1.000), family income (p=0.658), knowledge (p=1.000), attitude (p=0.156), and behavior (p=1.000) with the frequency of ARI. The bivariate analysis result using Kruskal-Wallis test shows that there is no significant difference between groups in each factor of smoke exposure (p=0.988) and mother&rsquo;s formal education (p=0.899) with the frequency of ARI.
Conclusions: There is no relation between each factor with ARI frequency and there is no significant difference between groups in each factor with ARI frequency.
Écritures de soi, Écritures des limites
Authors: Lévy Ghyslain 
Published: April 2021

Parler de l’exil, c’est poser la question non pas d’un lieu pour soi où habiter, mais plutôt celle de l’inhabitable, la question de comment habiter l’inhabitable ? Comment ne pas y demeurer ? Ceci est vrai pour chacun, mais reste aussi vrai pour un groupe, une communauté ou un peuple. L’inhabitable porte sur un lieu, mais peut porter aussi sur un temps, sur une histoire, sur une mémoire, sur les mots de la langue, ou sur un nom. Parler de l’exil, c’est parler de ces sujets aliénés dans l’imaginaire d’une intimité familiale en exil, organisée autour du mythe originaire du « pays », un imaginaire qui reprend, en miroir, la fiction de l’espace colonial et sa création violente d’une « réalité » fondée sur le mythe originaire de « la mère patrie. » L’accueil de cette réalité de l’exil dans l’écoute de l’analyste transforme cette parole meurtrie, sans adresse, en un appel, une demande qui fait que le visage de l’autre, forme même de cet appel, me concerne et me vise.
Beyond the circular economy theory: Implementation methodology for industrial SMEs
Authors: Prieto-Sandoval Vanessa , Torres-Guevara Luz Elba , Ormazabal Marta , Jaca Carmen 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The circular economy has multiple benefits and opportunities to achieve sustainability and a better future for the next generations. The purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology that guides step-by-step any industrial SMEs in the transition from the linear to a circular model. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have a crucial role in the sustainable development transition, considering that they represent most of the world's companies.Design/methodology/approach: To develop this methodology, two research techniques were used: a focus group and storyboarding.Findings: The resulting methodology, called Ecopyme, comprises five steps: 1) Firm identity, 2) Diagnosis, 3) Planning, 4) Get the ball rolling, and 5) Assessment and feedback. In addition, two key criteria that must be included in the whole process were identified: value creation in the firm through a circular economy and organization commitment from the top management to the staff.Research limitations/implications: The Ecopyme methodology has two limitations: It does not propose either implementation tools or involve consumers and actors at the meso (e.g., Eco-industrial parks) and macro (e.g., cities, provinces, countries) levels.Practical implications: This study will help policymakers understand the SMEs' perspective and remove barriers that may hinder the paradigm shift. The methodology is also a useful tool for consultants and entrepreneurs to incorporate the circular economy (CE) principles into their business.Originality/value: In the CE literature, little attention has been paid to proposing a structured methodology to implement CE in SMEs. Thus, the study provides a step-by-step methodology that guides any industrial SMEs to transition from linear to circular. Also, it provides additional evidence concerning the importance of human commitment in changing firms' paradigm because people can encourage the adoption of responsible production practices if firms commit CEOs, sustainability managers, and staff.
Pressure Injuries Due to Personal Protective Equipment in COVID-19 Critical Care Units
Authors: Bambi Stefano , Giusti Gian Domenico , Galazzi Alessandro , Mattiussi Elisa , Comisso Irene , Manici Matteo , Rosati Moris , Lucchini Alberto 
Published: April 2021

Background
Caring for patients with COVID-19 requires wearing a full set of personal protective equipment (PPE) to avoid contamination. Personal discomfort has been associated with use of PPE, and anecdotal reports describe pressure injuries related to wearing PPE.

Objectives
To investigate the occurrence of device-related pressure injuries due to wearing PPE among Italian nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in critical care settings.

Methods
This descriptive study used an online survey investigating both the demographic characteristics of respondents and complications related to wearing PPE, including the development of pressure injuries.

Results
A total of 266 nurses throughout Italy completed the survey; 32% of respondents were men. Nurses’ median age was 36 years (range 22-59 years), and the median time spent working in their current clinical setting (an intensive care or high-dependency unit) was 3 years (range 0-32 years). Personal protective equipment was worn for a median duration of 5 hours (range 2-12 hours). While wearing PPE, 92.8% of nurses experienced pain and 77.1% developed device-related pressure injuries, mainly on the nose, ears, and forehead. Pain was more frequent among nurses with such injuries. Transparent dressings, emollient cream, and no dressing were associated with development of device-related pressure injury.

Conclusions
Pressure injuries related to PPE represent an important adverse effect for nurses caring for patients with COVID-19. This topic deserves study to determine adequate solutions for preventing and treating such injuries and their potential influence on nurses’ work tolerance.
Carvedilol improves left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia
Authors: Silvilairat Suchaya , Charoenkwan Pimlak , Saekho Suwit , Tantiworawit Adisak , Chattipakorn Nipon 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Iron overload cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of death in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of carvedilol treatment in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia who had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

Methods:
Eighteen patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia who had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were enrolled. All patients had normal left ventricular systolic function and were given carvedilol with the target dose of 0.8 mg/kg/day. Ventricular function and the level of cardiac iron were assessed by echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging at 0, 3, and 6 months.

Results:
The median age of the patients was 19 years (range 13–25 years). Four patients had severe left ventricular Grade III diastolic dysfunction and fourteen patients had Grade II diastolic dysfunction. The grade of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction was improved at 3 months after the carvedilol treatment. The Doppler parameters, including pulmonary vein atrial reversal velocity, pulmonary vein atrial reversal duration, and the difference of pulmonary vein atrial reversal and the mitral valve atrial contraction wave duration at 3 months after the carvedilol treatment, were significantly lower than these parameters before the treatment.

Conclusions:
Among patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia who had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction without systolic dysfunction, treatment with carvedilol for 3 months was associated with improvement in Doppler parameters of left ventricular diastolic function. However, this finding and its clinical significance need to be confirmed in further double-blind controlled studies.
LA APLICACIÓN DEL PRINCIPIO DE PRIMACÍA DEL DERECHO DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA POR LA ADMINISTRACIÓN
Authors: COBREROS MENDAZONA EDORTA 
Published: April 2021

La aplicación del principio de primacía del Derecho de la Unión Europea,
entendido como exigencia de inaplicar el Derecho estatal incompatible con
las normas del ordenamiento de la Unión de directa aplicación está plenamente
asumida cuando corresponde a los órganos judiciales, pero presenta mayores dificultades
para su aplicación por parte de las Administraciones estatales. Se analiza
aquí lo que ha dicho el Tribunal de Justicia al respecto y la práctica llevada a cabo
en nuestro ordenamiento, con una propuesta final.
Europar Batasunaren Zuzenbidearen lehentasun-printzipioaren
aplikazioa, Europar Batasunean aplikazio zuzeneko ordenamenduko arauekin bateraezina
den Estatuko Zuzenbidea ez aplikatzeko eskakizuna, alegia, erabat barneratuta
dago organo judizialei dagokienean, baina zailtasun gehiago izaten dira estatuko
administrazioek aplikatu behar dutenean. Justizia Auzitegiak horren inguruan
esandakoa aztertzen da hemen, bai eta gure ordenamenduan gauzatu den praktika
ere, eta amaierako proposamen bat egiten da.
The application of the principle of primacy of the European Union
law, as the duty to non apply the national law incompatible with directly applicable
EU provisions is totally accepted as far as courts is referred but it shows more
difficulties regarding State administrations. It is here analyzed what the Court of
Justice has said on this and the practice carried out within our legal order, with a
final proposal.
LA EXCLUSIÓN DEL LICITADOR POR LA PARTICIPACIÓN EN LA ELABORACIÓN DE LAS ESPECIFICACIONES TÉCNICAS O DE LOS DOCUMENTOS PREPARATORIOS DEL CONTRATO
Authors: RECUERDA GIRELA MIGUEL ÁNGEL 
Published: April 2021

Este artículo analiza cómo debe interpretarse y aplicarse la condición
especial de compatibilidad que está regulada en el artículo 56.1 del Texto
Refundido de la Ley de Contratos del Sector Público, aprobado por el Real Decreto
Legislativo 3/2011, de 4 de noviembre, y en particular, si la participación en
la elaboración de las especificaciones técnicas o de los documentos preparatorios
del contrato debe conllevar la exclusión del licitador. En contra de lo que se
ha sostenido en algunas resoluciones administrativas y sentencias, se demostrará
que la finalidad del mencionado precepto no es otra que evitar la desigualdad
de trato entre los licitadores y el falseamiento de la competencia, y que por
tanto no debe excluirse al licitador del procedimiento de contratación cuando,
a pesar de la participación en la elaboración de las especificaciones técnicas o
de los documentos contractuales, no se produce infracción de los principios de
igualdad y de libre competencia.
Artikulu honetan aztertzen daSektore Publikoko Kontratuen
Legearen Testu Bateginaren 56.1 artikuluan arautzen den bateragarritasuneko
baldintza berezia nola interpretatu eta aplikatu behar den (azaroaren 14ko
3/2011 Legegintzako Errege Dekretuaren bitartez onartu zen lege hori). Horretaz
gain, bereziki aztertzen da kontratua prestatzeko agiriak edo zehaztapen teknikoak
egiten parte hartzen bada lizitatzailea kanpo uztea eragin behar duen
ala ez. Administrazio-ebazpen eta epai batzuetan ezarritakoaren aurka, agindu
horren helburua frogatuko da, alegia, lizitatzaileen arteko tratu desberdina eta
lehiaketa faltsutzea saihestea, eta, beraz, lizitatzailea ez dela kontratazio-prozeduratik
baztertu behar, berdintasunaren eta lehia askearen printzipioak urratzen
ez badira, nahiz eta parte hartu kontratu-agirien edo zehaztapen teknikoen elaborazioan.
This article discusses how to interpret and apply the special
condition of compatibility regulated in Article 56.1 of the Revised Text of the
Law on Public Sector Contracts, approved by Royal Legislative Decree 3/2011 of
November 4, and in particular if the participation in the preparing of technical
specifications or in the preparing of contractual documents must lead to
the exclusion of the tenderer. Contrary to what has been disposed in some
administrative decisions and judgments, we will demonstrate that the purpose
of that provision is simply to prevent unequal treatment among tenderers and
the distortion of competition, and therefore the tenderer should not be excluded
in the procurement procedure when, despite the participation in the preparation of technical specifications or contractual documents, no infringement of the principles of equality or free competition occurs.
Analyse, développement et évaluation d'une formation médicale en ligne
Authors: Plante Patrick , Angulo Mendoza Gustavo Adolfo , Archambault Patrick 
Published: April 2021

Dans le cadre d’un projet intitulé Evaluation of a context-adapted wiki-based decision aid supporting critically ill patients’ decisions about life-sustaining therapies, financé par le Réseau canadien des soins aux personnes fragilisées, l’équipe de conception pédagogique de la Société pour l’apprentissage à vie (SAVIE) s’est joint au projet de recherche afin de développer une formation en ligne destinée aux médecins, aux étudiantes et aux étudiants tenant compte d’un certain nombre d’exigences techniques comme résultat d’une analyse de besoins. La formation a été développée par prototypage rapide. L’environnement numérique d’apprentissage de la formation inclut des objets d’apprentissage compatibles avec le standard xAPI pour un suivi des apprentissages très fin. Ces données, couplées à un questionnaire destiné aux utilisateurs participants à l’expérimentation, permettent d’évaluer l’usage et la pertinence des modules de la formation. Cette première expérience d’analytique de données de formation nous permet d’évaluer cet appareillage technique (xAPI et LRS) en soulignant ses possibles applications pour l’amélioration du dispositif de formation.
Autoconocimiento a través de mi propia intención en Hegel
Authors: Castillo Vallez Javier Enrique 
Published: April 2021

En el intento de la comprensión de la propia acción generalmente se ha énfasis en el carácter meramente subjetivo de ella, esto es, en la fidelidad de tal acción con una volición o estado mental interno al agente; esta posición ha sido llamada “compatibilismo” (Pippin, 2008, p. 148). Sin embargo, en el intento de describir a dicha intención y reconocerla como de dicho agente parece necesario recurrir también a su realización en el mundo, esto es, a sus condiciones de materialización y al sometimiento a la interpretación de dicha acción por otros. Esta es la posición de Hegel expuesta fundamentalmente en Die Sache selbs de la Fenomenología (2010, pp. 216 y ss). En este artículo pretendo mostrar cómo la posición de Hegel es capaz de explicar la intención humana como sometida a criterios sociales, sin perder el aspecto subjetivo de la misma.
Palabras clave: compatibilismo, incompatibilismo, interno, externo, intención, contexto social.
LES PRINCIPAUX PROBLÈMES DE L’INEFFICIENCE DU SYSTÈME BANCAIRE TUNISIEN
Authors: Abida Montej , Gargouri Ilhem 
Published: April 2021

Notre article présente une analyse de l’efficience du secteur bancaire en comparant le niveau d’efficience des banques privées et des banques publiques. En effet, la situation difficile par laquelle passent les banques publiques tunisiennes nous pousse à déterminer les causes de l’inefficience de ces banques et nous oblige à chercher les solutions possibles à ce problème. Parmi les solutions possibles, on trouve trois cas : fusion, recapitalisation et privatisation. Notre échantillon est constitué de toutes les banques commerciales tunisiennes pendant la période 2005-2014. Pour mesurer l’efficience de ces banques, nous utilisons spécification translogarithmique pour la fonction de coût. Les résultats montrent que les banques publiques sont plus inefficientes que les banques privées qui ont une taille plus faible : les banques privées enregistrent des scores d’efficiences les plus élevées, avec une moyenne sectorielle de l’ordre de (81,3 %). En effet, ce sont les risques de crédits qui sont la cause principale de l’inefficience technique des banques publiques. Ce qui implique que ces dernières ont beaucoup de problèmes de gestion et en particulier de gouvernance.