bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ausgestaltung und Barrieren für eine Tabakentwöhnung
in Hausarztpraxen: Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie
Authors: Kersting Christine , Nohutcu Gül , Weckbecker Klaus , Bleckwenn Markus 
Published: July 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Etwa 25% der deutschen Bevölkerung raucht.
Obgleich Tabakentwöhnung eines der effektivsten Mittel zur Reduktion
tabakassoziierter Folgen ist, findet sie nicht ihren Weg in die Regelversorgung.
Auch in Hausarztpraxen wird sie nur vereinzelt angeboten. Diese Studie
untersucht, wie Hausärztinnen und Hausärzte mit dem Thema
Tabakentwöhnung umgehen und welche Faktoren die Umsetzung von
Tabakentwöhnung behindern.
Methodik Es wurden leitfadengestützte Einzelinterviews mit 13
LehrärztInnen des Instituts für Hausarztmedizin in Bonn
geführt. Die Interviews wurden auf Tonband aufgezeichnet und
transkribiert. Anhand des Textmaterials erfolgte in MAXQDA eine inhaltlich
strukturierende Inhaltsanalyse mit deduktiv-induktiver Kategorienbildung.
Ergebnisse Die HausärztInnen berichten verschiedene Arten, wie sie
Tabakentwöhnungsmaßnahmen in der Praxis umsetzen, wobei sie
kombinierte Ansätze als erfahrungsgemäß effektiv
beschreiben. Nikotinersatztherapie und verschreibungspflichtige Mittel behalten
sie starken Rauchern mit erfolglosen Entwöhnungsversuchen vor. Ihrer
Erfahrung nach ist der Wirkstoff Vareniclin sehr wirksam und gut
verträglich. Dennoch berichten die HausärztInnen einen
zurückhaltenden Einsatz, da sie infolge der Warnhinweise für den
Wirkstoff Bupropion auch Nebenwirkungen bei Vareniclin befürchten. Als
zentrale Barrieren für Tabakentwöhnung sehen sie praxisseitigen
Zeitmangel, fehlende Patientenmotivation und Kosten für
medikamentöse Ansätze.
Schlussfolgerung Die befragten HausärztInnen möchten
gerade ihren motivierten PatientInnen zum Rauchstopp verhelfen. Jedoch fehlt
eine strukturierte Behandlung der Tabakabhängigkeit. Dadurch ist die
Anzahl an Raucherinterventionen gering und wirksame Therapien werden zu selten
eingesetzt. Der Aufwand einer strukturierten Behandlung müsste jedoch
finanziell entlohnt werden. Zudem könnten die HausärztInnen
durch den Ausbau von externen Angeboten zur Tabakentwöhnung zeitlich
entlastet werden.
Evaluation of Cystic and Solid Renal Lesions with Contrast-Enhanced
Ultrasound: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Najafi Arash , Wildt Michael , Hainc Nicolin , Hohmann Joachim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose Renal lesions are frequent random findings on CT, MRI, and
conventional ultrasound. Since they are usually found accidentally, the
respective examinations have not been performed optimally to provide a
conclusive diagnosis, making additional multiphase contrast-enhanced
examinations necessary. The aim of the study is to correlate CEUS findings with
the final diagnosis and to determine whether it is a suitable method for the
conclusive characterization of undetermined renal lesions.
Materials and Methods All CEUS examinations of focal renal lesions
performed at our institute between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively examined.
437 patients with a total of 491 lesions and 543 examinations were included. 54
patients had bilateral lesions. One patient had three lesions in one kidney.
Histology was available in 49 cases and follow-ups in 124 cases. The
sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value as well as
positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated.
Results There were 54 malignant and 437 benign lesions. The sensitivity
and specificity were 0.981/0.954 overall, 1.000/0.956 for cystic
lesions, 0.977/0.906 for solid lesions, and 0.971/0.071 for the
histologically confirmed lesions. Bosniak classification was consistent in 289
of 301 lesions (96%). Only 12 lesions (3.9%) were falsely
assessed as malignant.
Conclusion CEUS is an appropriate method for the clarification of
undetermined renal lesions. The characterization of cystic lesions according to
Bosniak is adequately possible, especially for potentially malignant lesions
(types III and IV).
Wo bin ich hier?
Authors: Fink Lisa , Kurmann Jörg 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungÜber die Hälfte der Patienten ist älter als 60 Jahre, darunter viele mit Demenz, einem Delir oder Ähnlichem. In der Notaufnahme ist es für diese Patienten sehr schwer, sich zu orientieren. Hier ein Konzept, das den Aufenthalt erleichtern soll.
Screening of Variants in the Transcript Profile of Eutopic Endometrium from Infertile Women with Endometriosis during the Implantation Window
Authors: Da Broi Michele Gomes , Plaça Jessica Rodrigues , Silva Wilson Araújo da , Ferriani Rui Alberto , Navarro Paula Andrea 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective Abnormalities in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis may be related to disease-associated infertility. Although previous RNA-sequencing analysis did not show differential expression in endometrial transcripts of endometriosis patients, other molecular alterations could impact protein synthesis and endometrial receptivity. Our aim was to screen for functional mutations in the transcripts of eutopic endometria of infertile women with endometriosis and controls during the implantation window.
Methods Data from RNA-Sequencing of endometrial biopsies collected during the implantation window from 17 patients (6 infertile women with endometriosis, 6 infertile controls, 5 fertile controls) were analyzed for variant discovery and identification of functional mutations. A targeted study of the alterations found was performed to understand the data into disease's context.
Results None of the variants identified was common to other samples within the same group, and no mutation was repeated among patients with endometriosis, infertile and fertile controls. In the endometriosis group, nine predicted deleterious mutations were identified, but only one was previously associated to a clinical condition with no endometrial impact. When crossing the mutated genes with the descriptors endometriosis and/or endometrium, the gene CMKLR1 was associated either with inflammatory response in endometriosis or with endometrial processes for pregnancy establishment.
Conclusion Despite no pattern of mutation having been found, we ponder the small sample size and the analysis on RNA-sequencing data. Considering the purpose of the study of screening and the importance of the CMKLR1 gene on endometrial modulation, it could be a candidate gene for powered further studies evaluating mutations in eutopic endometria from endometriosis patients.
Evaluation of the Blood Level of Adiponectin in Pregnant Adolescents
Authors: Pádua Elaine Cristina Rocha , Daher Silvia , Sampaio Isa de Pádua Cintra , Araujo Júnior Edward , Guazzelli Cristina Falbo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective To evaluate serum levels of adiponectin in pregnant adolescents between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation.
Method: A prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 67 normal pregnant women between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation and eutrophic (body mass index [BMI]: 18.5–25 kg/m2), of which 36 were adolescents (< 20 years old) and 31 adults (≥ 20 years old). Serum adiponectin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The t-student or Mann-Whitney tests were used for intergroup comparison.
Results Pregnant adolescents showed significantly higher serum adiponectin concentrations compared with pregnant adults (p = 0.04). No differences were observed in adiponectin levels in younger pregnant adolescents (< 16 years old) compared with older pregnant adolescents (≥ 16 years old). Adiponectin values were divided into 3 subgroups: < 3,000 ng/mL, between 3,000 and 5,000 ng/mL, and > 5,000 ng/mL. Birthweight was significantly higher in women > 5,000 ng/mL when compared with < 3,000 ng/mL in the adolescent group. No association between pregestational adiponectin levels and BMI, gestational weight gain, and gestational age was observed; however, there was a positive relation with birthweight (p = 0.0239).
Conclusion Serum adiponectin values in pregnant adolescents between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation were higher compared with pregnant adults; however, no differences between younger and older pregnant adolescents were observed.
Associations of Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections with Outcomes among Hospitalized Pediatric Patients in the United States
Authors: Spaulding Alicen Burns , Watson David , Dreyfus Jill , Heaton Phillip , Koutsari Christina , Kharbanda Anupam B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the impact of pediatric antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bloodstream infections (GNBSIs).
Methods A retrospective cohort study (2009–2016) was conducted using the Premier Healthcare Database among pediatric admissions with GNBSIs at hospitals reporting microbiology data. Infections for neonates and nonneonates were classified as multidrug resistance (MDR), resistant to one or two antibiotic drug classes (1–2DR), or susceptible.
Results Among 1,276 GNBSIs, 266 (20.8%) infections were 1–2DR and 23 (1.8%) MDR. Compared with susceptible GNBSIs, MDR nonneonates had higher mortality and higher costs, whereas 1–2DR neonates had longer stays and higher costs.
Conclusions Antimicrobial-resistant GNBSIs were associated with worse outcomes among pediatric hospitalized patients.
EUS-Guided versus Percutaneous Image-Guided Liver Biopsy: A Battle for Supremacy!
Authors: Mishra Shubhra , Bush Nikhil , Rana Surinder S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLiver biopsy has been the gold standard investigation for diagnosing and staging liver diseases. Image-guided percutaneous liver biopsy is a time-tested technique for obtaining the liver tissue in diffuse liver diseases. However, it is contraindicated in patients with ascites, altered mental status, skin infections, coagulopathy, and thrombocytopenia. It is associated with adverse events including postprocedure pain, bleeding, and pneumothorax. Transvenous liver biopsy can be performed in most cases with these contraindications, but it is an expensive technique and has its own inherent risks. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided liver biopsy (EUS-LB) is a relatively new technique that has shown promising results and seems to have a potential of replacing percutaneous liver biopsy. In this news and views, we discuss the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing EUS-guided and percutaneous techniques of liver biopsy. This RCT reported that percutaneous technique is superior in terms of diagnostic adequacy and total expenditure without any significant adverse effects compared with EUS-LB. EUS-LB is a promising technique that needs to be further explored in terms of appropriate situations in which it can be preferred over percutaneous or transvenous routes.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery: Association with Genetic Abnormalities
Authors: Lourenço Cátia Sofia Ferreira Pinto , Carriço Ana Luísa , Valente Francisco Manuel da Silva 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of malformations and chromosomal abnormalities in a population of fetuses with an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA).
Methods This is a 6-year retrospective study of fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of ARSA conducted during the period between September 2013 and June 2019 at a fetal medicine unit. Data were collected from ultrasound, fetal echocardiograms, genetic studies, and neonatal records.
Results An ARSA was diagnosed in 22 fetuses. An ARSA was an isolated finding in 18 out of 22 cases (82%). Associated abnormal sonographic findings were found in 4 cases. All cases underwent invasive testing. In 1 of the cases, a chromosomal abnormality was detected (mos 45,X [13]/46,X,e(X) (p22.1q22.1)). No cases of congenital heart disease were found in any of these fetuses. There were two cases in which the postnatal evaluation revealed a malformation: one case of hypospadias and 1 case of cleft palate.
Conclusion The presence of an isolated ARSA is benign and is not associated with chromosomal abnormalities. The finding of ARSA, however, warrants a detailed fetal ultrasound in order to exclude major fetal abnormalities and other soft markers.
Prevalence and Determinants of Adequate Compliance with Antenatal Care in Peru
Authors: Tello-Torres Cesar , Hernández-Vásquez Akram , Dongo Karla F. , Vargas-Fernández Rodrigo , Bendezu-Quispe Guido 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective To determine the adequacy of compliance with antenatal care (ANC) by pregnant women in Peru and to identify the associated factors.
Methods An analytical cross-sectional study of data from the 2019 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey (Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar, ENDES, in Spanish) was conducted. The dependent variable was adequate compliance with ANC (provided by skilled health care professionals; first ANC visit during the first trimester of pregnancy; six or more ANC visits during pregnancy; ANC visits with appropriate content) by women aged 15 to 49 years in their last delivery within the five years prior to the survey. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a log-binomial regression model.
Results A total of 18,386 women were analyzed, 35.0% of whom adequately complied with ANC. The lowest proportion of compliance was found with the content of ANC (42.6%). Sociodemographic factors and those related to pregnancy, such as being in the age groups of 20 to 34 years and 35 to 49 years, having secondary or higher education, belonging to a wealth quintile of the population other than the poorest, being from the Amazon region, not being of native ethnicity, having a second or third pregnancy, and having a desired pregnancy, increased the probability of presenting adequate compliance with ANC.
Conclusion Only 3 out of 10 women in Peru showed adequate compliance with ANC. Compliance with the content of ANC must be improved, and strategies must be developed to increase the proportion of adequate compliance with ANC.
Intracranial Textiloma: Imaging Features and Literature Review
Authors: Agarwal Vivek , Vyas Sameer , Ahuja Chirag Kamal , Bhatia Vikas , Tripathi Manjul , Salunke Pravin , Tewari Manoj Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and Importance Intracranial textilomas are retained surgical sponges presenting as pseudomass lesions in postoperative patients usually with surrounding inflammatory reaction. Though rare, these are commonly misdiagnosed as postoperative hemorrhagic collections, abscesses, radionecrosis, or residual/recurrent mass lesions. We describe the imaging findings of intracranial textilomas diagnosed in four patients on follow-up postoperative imaging along with their characteristic imaging findings to help radiologists/neurosurgeons make accurate diagnosis.
Clinical Presentation One patient had chronic headache without any focal neurological deficits. Rest of the patients were asymptomatic at the time of presentation
Conclusion In postoperative scans, possibility of textilomas should be considered apart from residual/recurrent lesions, postoperative abscesses, or radionecrosis. Correct and timely diagnosis is important for further treatment planning and patient care.
Spinal Eumycetoma: A Rare Cause of Lumbar Canal Stenosis and Significance of “Dot in Circle”
Authors: Sarawagi Radha , Sharma Jitendra , Malik Rajesh , Kumar Aman 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMycetoma is a chronic granulomatous disease that is more common in tropical regions with predominant involvement of foot. Spinal mycetoma presenting as lumbar canal stenosis is extremely rare. We hereby present a case of fungal eumycetoma of vertebral column in a 42-year-old male who presented with chronic progressive low back pain and features of lumbar canal stenosis without any skin swelling or discharging sinuses. The “dot-in-circle” sign, a highly specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (USG) sign of mycetoma has been described in the literature as a pathognomonic feature of mycetoma involving the musculoskeletal system. We describe the importance of characteristic imaging features with dot in circle sign in the diagnosis of eumycetoma of lumbar spine.
Hyperprogression after Immunotherapy: Nivolumab. Analysis of Imaging Findings Associated with Hyperprogression and Tumor Growth Kinetics
Authors: Singla Rishu , Gupta Ayushi , Batra Ullas , Chaturvedi Arvind , Rao Avinash , Jajodia Ankush 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction The increased use of new checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy has led to the discovery of new unconventional responses, like pseudoprogression and hyperprogression disease (HPD). The study documents imaging findings of HPD and analyzes the growth kinetics in advanced metastatic cancers patients treated with immunotherapy.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients treated with anti-PD-1 (anti-progressive disease-1) antibody therapy (nivolumab) between January 2017 and December 2017 at our institute. The patients who exhibited early and rapid progression rates after initiation of immunotherapy were further analyzed for tumor growth kinetics (TGKs) and imaging findings. All prebaseline, baseline, and post nivolumab imaging were retrospectively reviewed to assess the TGKs, time to treatment failure (TTF), and rate of progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1.
Results Four patients with HPD had peculiar imaging appearance of unilateral circumferential nodular pleural thickening along with conglomerate pleural masses and effusions. Both primary and secondary sites progressed along with the appearance of new lesions in all these patients. The mean progression-free survival (PFS) was 32 days using Kaplan Meier analysis.
Conclusion The unique and recurring imaging pattern of disease progression in patients with HPD as reported in our case series in addition to TGK ratio, and TTF may prove to be of additional help in early identification of this unique and ghastly outcome.
Imaging Evaluation of Male Breast Masses with Histopathologic Correlation: A Case Series
Authors: Vaidya Tanvi P. , Ramani Subhash K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe male breast can be afflicted with a wide spectrum of benign and malignant masses, similar to the female breast. A systematic radiological evaluation using mammography, ultrasonography, and when appropriate, magnetic resonance imaging, could aid this differentiation and provide clues to the diagnosis. In this article, we present six cases of male breast masses with an emphasis on the role of imaging in characterization and diagnosis.
Vegetation classification in south-western Australia’s Mediterranean jarrah forest: new data, old units, and a conservation conundrum
Authors: Luxton Sarah , Wardell-Johnson Grant , Sparrow Ashley , Robinson Todd , Trotter Lewis , Grigg Andrew 
Published: July 2021

Conservation reserve selection is guided by vegetation classification and mapping. New survey data and improvements in the availability of archived data through online data-sharing platforms enable updated classifications and the critique of existing conservation criteria. In the Northern Jarrah Forest Region of south-western Australia, percentage-based targets using ‘forest ecosystem units’ (15% of each unit) and the systematic conservation planning principles of ‘comprehensiveness, adequacy and representativeness’ underpin the State’s reserve network. To assess the degree of community-level heterogeneity within the forest ecosystem units, new survey data for the forest (30 000 plots) were classified using a non-hierarchical clustering algorithm. Results were assigned to the National Vegetation Information System, and community groups defined at the Association level (Level V). Significant community level heterogeneity was found, including 15 communities in the dominant ‘jarrah woodland’ unit, and 13 in the ‘shrub, herb and sedgelands’ unit. Overall, this research highlights limitations in the current reserve system, including the influence of scale on percentage-based targets and ‘representativeness’. A multi-scale approach to reserve selection, based on a quantitative, floristic, hierarchical classification system, would improve the level of scientific rigour underlying decision-making.
Eye movements in Arabic reading
Authors: AlJassmi Maryam A. , Hermena Ehab W. , Paterson Kevin B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Measures of eye movements provide a
moment-by-moment account of the visual and cognitive processes that
underlie normal reading. These measures have been used to develop
detailed sophisticated computational models of eye movement control
during reading, primarily based on research conducted with European
languages such as English and German, which use the Roman
orthography. However, relatively little is known about the
mechanisms underlying eye movement control during reading for
Semitic languages, such as Arabic, which have very different visual
and linguistic characteristics. In this chapter, we provide an
overview of eye movement research on reading, including research
conducted to date on eye movements in Arabic reading. We consider
whether current computational models can account for these findings
and outline key theoretical questions that remain to be examined
empirically.
Electron correlation effects in superconducting nanowires in and out of equilibrium
Authors: Tuovinen Riku 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One-dimensional nanowires with strong spin–orbit coupling and proximity-induced superconductivity are predicted to exhibit topological superconductivity with condensed-matter analogues to Majorana fermions. Here, the nonequilibrium Green’s function approach with the generalized Kadanoff–Baym ansatz is employed to study the electron-correlation effects and their role in the topological superconducting phase in and out of equilibrium. Electron-correlation effects are found to affect the transient signatures regarding the zero-energy Majorana states, when the superconducting nanowire is subjected to external perturbations such as magnetic-field quenching, laser-pulse excitation, and coupling to biased normal-metal leads.
A Design of Single Event Effect Test System
Authors: Yan Na , Zhang Kun , Xv Peiyuan , Zhao Xiaodong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The single event effect brings great risks to spacecraft operating in special environments such as space. In response to this phenomenon, single-particle tests for evaluating its radiation performance are becoming more and more frequent. This article introduces a single event effect test system. The design method of the single event effect test system is introduced from the system architecture, test principle, and software and hardware design. The system is used for single event effect irradiation test research. And finally analyzed the experimental results.
A Method Against Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming Based on Genetic Algorithm and Compressed Sensing Reconstruction
Authors: Zhou Changlin , Wang Chunyang , Zhao Yingjian , Liu Mingjie , Li Guifeng , Li Hengwei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
By analyzing the discontinuous character in time domain, a jamming suppression method is propose to counter Interrupted sampling reperter jamming(ISRJ, which is an effective coherent jamming to wide-band linear frequency modulation signal. The discontinuous character of ISRJ and the instantaneous frequency change rule after stretch is firstly analyzed. Secondly, by controlling the adjustment parameters, the generalized S transform is utilized to obtain the time-frequency grayscale image of received signal. Then, the grayscale image can be segmented by using genetic algorithm to construct a time-domain filter, and the time-domain filter can be used to extract the echo band without jamming signal. Finally, the extracted signal is used as compressed data to construct a compressed sensing minimization model, and the compressed sampling matching pursuit algorithm is used to reconstruct the target echo signal. Simulation shows that this method has good jamming suppression performance.