bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive aspergillosis in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukaemia patients: Results from SEIFEM 2016‐B survey
Authors: Del Principe Maria Ilaria , Dragonetti Giulia , Conti Allegra , Verga Luisa , Ballanti Stelvio , Fanci Rosa , Candoni Anna , Marchesi Francesco , Cattaneo Chiara , Lessi Federica , Fracchiolla Nicola , Spolzino Angelica , Prezioso Lucia , Delia Mario , Potenza Leonardo , Decembrino Nunzia , Castagnola Carlo , Nadali Gianpaolo , Picardi Marco , Zama Daniele , Orciulo Enrico , Veggia Barbara , Garzia Mariagrazia , Dargenio Michelina , Melillo Lorella , Manetta Sara , Russo Domenico , Mancini Valentina , Piedimonte Monica , Tisi Maria Chiara , Toschi Nicola , Busca Alessandro , Pagano Livio ,   behalf of the SEIFEM group,   Sorveglianza Epidemiologica Infezioni nelle Emopatie (SEIFEM) group
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukaemia (R/R AML) who received salvage chemotherapy, limited and not updated studies explored the incidence of invasive aspergillosis (IA) and the role of antifungal prophylaxis (AP). The aims of this multicentre retrospective ‘SEIFEM 2016‐B’ study were as follows: (1) to evaluate the current rate and the outcome of proven/probable IA and (2) to assess the efficacy of AP, in a large ‘real life’ series of patient with R/R AML submitted to salvage chemotherapy.ResultsOf 2250 R/R AML patients, a total of 74 cases of IA (5.1%) were recorded as follows: 10 (0.7%) proven and 64 (4.3%) probable. Information about AP were available in 73/74 (99%) patients. Fifty‐eight (79%) breakthrough infections occurred, mainly during AP with posaconazole [25 (43%)]. The patients who received AP during salvage chemotherapy showed a benefit from antifungal therapy (AT) than patients who did not received AP [43 (86%) vs 7 (14%); p < .033]. In a multivariate analysis, AP and absence of severe mucositis had a significant favourable effect on overall response rate.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that the incidence of IA during the salvage chemotherapy is similar to the past. Nevertheless, the attributable mortality rate (AMR) appears to be lower than that previously reported in R/R AML. Further prospective studies should be performed to confirm our preliminary observation and understand and the why a decreased AMR is reported in this setting of high‐risk patients.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Labral Tears in Patients with Borderline Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Retrospective Study with Mean 5.8 Years Follow‐Up
Authors: Wang Xuesong , Song Guanyang , Zhang Jin 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTo retrospectively assess the mid‐term clinical and radiological results of hip arthroscopic treatment of labral tears in patients with borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH).MethodsFrom January 2010 and December 2019, data were retrospectively reviewed for all patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery of the hip for the treatment of intra‐articular abnormalities. Only the Patients who had borderline developmental dysplasia (BDDH) were included. All operations were performed by two senior surgeons, the arthroscopic treatment including labral repair, labral debridement, minimal acetabuloplasty, femoroplasty and capsular closure. The evaluation consisted of pain evaluation (visual analog scale [VAS]), the modified Harris hip score (MHHS), range of motion, the radiological evaluation of plain film and MRI analysis of the hip joint. The plain film evaluation included anteroposterior views of the pelvis to assess lateral center‐edge angle (LCEA) and acetabular inclination (AI), frog‐leg lateral views of the hip to assess α angle.ResultsThere were 34 patients (36 hips) ultimately enrolled in this study. The follow‐up duration of the patients were minimal 2 years (average, 69.2 months) postoperatively. The patient group included seven men and 27 women, the mean age at the time of surgery was 30.9 years. The mean BMI was 22.3 kg/m2. From the pre‐operative status to the final follow‐up visit, mean mHHS score increased from 64.5 to 92.7, mean VAS score decreased from 6.8 to 1.3. All scores exhibited statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). The mean LCEA decreased from 22.9° to 22.7°, the mean AI decreased from 7.7° to 7.6°. Which all showed no significant differences compared with the final follow‐up to the pre‐operative status (P > 0.05). However, the mean α angle was significantly decreased from 48.3° to 40.1° (P < 0.001). We encountered no significant complications such as infection, deep venous thrombosis, fluid extravasation, or permanent nerve injury. One patient (2.94%) underwent revision periacetabular osteotomies (PAO) because of subluxation of the hip joint with permanent pain after 6 months failed conservative treatment.ConclusionArthroscopic treatment of labral tears in patients with BDDH may provide safe and durable favorable results at midterm follow‐up. The best outcome could be expected in patients with labral repair and closure of the capsule with strict patient selection criteria.
Acceleration of mobile health for monitoring post‐transplant in the COVID‐19 era: Applications for pediatric settings
Authors: Campagna Bianca R. , Tutino Rebecca , Stevanovic Kristina , Flood Julia , Halevi Gali , Shemesh Eyal , Annunziato Rachel A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSince the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic and consequent lockdowns, the use of telehealth interventions has rapidly increased both in the general population and among transplant recipients. Among pediatric transplant recipients, this most frequently takes the form of interventions on mobile devices, or mHealth, such as remote visits via video chat or phone, phone‐based monitoring, and mobile apps. Telehealth interventions may offer the opportunity to provide care that minimizes many of the barriers of in‐person care.MethodsThe present review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Sources up until October 2020 were initially identified through searches of PsycInfo® and PubMed®.ResultsWe identified ten papers that reported findings from adult interventions and five studies based in pediatrics. Eight of the adult publications stemmed from the same two trials; within the pediatric subset, this was the case for two papers. Studies that have looked at mHealth interventions have found high acceptability rates over the short run, but there is a general lack of data on long‐term use.ConclusionsThe literature surrounding pediatric trials specifically is sparse with all findings referencing interventions that are in early stages of development, ranging from field tests to small feasibility trials. The lack of research highlights the need for a multi‐center RCT that utilizes robust measures of medication adherence and other outcome variables, with longer‐term follow‐up before telehealth interventions should be fully embraced.
Services trade and labor market outcomes: Evidence from Italian firms
Authors: Bamieh Omar , Bripi Francesco , Fiorini Matteo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper empirically investigates the effects of services imports and exports on firm employment. We use microdata on Italian firms for the period 2009–2017. Applying a shift‐share instrumental variable approach, we show that services imports and exports have a positive impact on total employment. This finding holds for managers, white‐collar workers, and blue‐collar workers. We also show that services exports are particularly effective in increasing employment of “servitized” manufacturing firms as well as of companies that are deeply integrated into international services markets. Overall, this paper suggests that firm employment might largely benefit from the services trade dimension of globalization.
Surrogate test performance for SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) for convalescent plasma (CCP): How useful could they be?
Authors: Wendel Silvano , Fachini Roberta , Fontão‐Wendel Rita C. L. , Mello Ralyria , Velasquez Carlos Vinícius , Machado Rafael Rahal Guaragna , Brito Mayra Altobelli , Amaral Marcelo , Soares Camila Pereira , Achkar Ruth , Scuracchio Patrícia , Miyaji Sandra Cristina , Erdens Melina Santos , Durigon Edison Luiz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 high‐titer CCP selection is a concern, because neutralizing antibody (nAb) testing requires sophisticated labs and methods. Surrogate tests are an alternative for measuring nAb levels in plasma bags, including those that are pathogen‐reduced.Study design/methodsWe studied a panel consisting of 191 samples from convalescent donors tested by nAb (CPE‐VNT), obtained from 180 CCP donations (collection: March 20–January 21) and 11 negative controls, with a total of 80 and 111 serum and plasma samples (71 amotosalen/UV treated), with nAb titers ranging from negative to 10,240. Samples were blindly tested for several surrogates: one anti‐RBD, two anti‐spike, and four anti‐nucleocapsid tests, either isolated or combined to improve their positive predictive values as predictors of the presence of high‐titer nAbs, defined as those with titers ≥160.ResultsExcept for combined and anti‐IgA/M tests, all isolated surrogate tests showed excellent performance for nAb detection: sensitivity (98.3%–100%), specificity (85.7%–100%), PPV (98.9%–100%), NPV (81.3%–100%), and AUC (0.93–0.96), with a variable decrease in sensitivity and considerably lower specificity when using FDA authorization and concomitant nAb titers ≥160. All surrogates had AUCs that were statistically different from CPE‐VNT if nAb≥160, including when using combined, orthogonal approaches.ConclusionsSurrogate tests (isolated or in combination) have an indirect good performance in detecting the presence of nAb, with lower sensitivity and specificity when high nAb titer samples are used, possibly accepting a considerable number of donors whose nAb titers are actually low, which should be evaluated by each laboratory responsible for CCP collection.
1D Shape Matching of a Lithium-Ion Battery Actuator
Authors: Gonzalez Cody , Shan Shuhua , Frecker Mary , Rahn Christopher 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Silicon anodes have been demonstrated to provide significant actuation in addition to energy storage in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This work studies the optimization of 1D unimorph and bimorph actuators to achieve a target shape upon actuation. A 1D shape matching with design optimization is used to estimate the varied charge distribution along the length for a LIB actuator and thereby the effect of distance between electrodes in charging.
A genetic algorithm (GA) is used with actuation strain distribution as the design variable. The objective of the optimization is to shape-match by minimizing the shape error between a target shape and actuated shape, both defined by several points along the length.
The approach is experimentally validated by shape matching a notched unimorph target shape. A shape error of 1.5% is obtained. An optimized unimorph converges to an objective function of less than 0.029% of the length at full state of charge (SOC) for a 5-segment beam.
A second shape matching case study using a bimorph is investigated to showcase the tailorability of LIB actuators. The optimal bimorph achieves an objective function of less than 0.23% of the length for a design variable set of top and bottom actuation strain of an 8-segment beam. The actuated shape nearly matches the target shape by simultaneously activating top and bottom active layers to achieve the same differential actuation strain (the difference between top and bottom active layer actuation strain).
The results show that a bimorph actuator can achieve a given shape while also storing significantly more charge than is necessary to maintain a given complex shape. This demonstrates a strength of energy storage based actuators: excess energy can be stored within the actuator and can be expended without affecting the work done or the shape maintained by the actuator.
Feasibility Study on Piezoelectric Actuated Automotive Morphing Wing
Authors: Messana Alessandro , Sisca Lorenzo , De Carvalho Pinheiro Henrique , Berti Polato Davide , Ferraris Alessandro , Airale Andrea Giancarlo , Carello Massimiliana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Active aerodynamics is a promising technology to improve vehicle performance and efficiency, but so far in the automotive field the actuation methods suffer with several drawbacks that jeopardize its functioning and broad implementation. Morphing wings represent a technology already studied for aerospace applications that could help overcoming some of those issues. This paper proposes a piezoelectric transducer actuation for a composite material automotive wing and seeks to validate it through virtual models and physical tests. Experimental validation with a 3D-printed simplified wing profile confirms the feasibility of the technology and helps determining the best position for the piezo actuator. Furthermore, a FEM model is presented, where the piezo effect is simulated through a thermal analogy. An optimization of the composite stacking sequence is performed to maximize the trailing edge displacements, and its results are compared with the deflection caused by aerodynamic loads observed in the wing. The displacement of the trailing edge is in the order of tenths of a millimeter, even though further investigations are necessary to improve overall impact of the solution the preliminary results are promising.
Shape Memory Modeling of a Nonlinear and Superelastic Compliant Mechanism
Authors: Hargrove Brianne , Nastevska Angela , Jovanova Jovana , Frecker Mary 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
With the shift from traditionally manufactured rigid-body mechanisms to lightweight compliant mechanisms (CMs) in additive manufacturing, researchers have become interested in modeling the behavior of CMs with high flexibility. Due to the large deformations that can be achieved, the use of CMs has expanded into applications such as energy absorption, and in the case of cellular contact-aided compliant mechanisms (C3Ms), stress-relief through self-contact. Although CMs provide greater design freedom in terms of geometry, size, and functionality than their rigid-link mechanism counterparts, there are notable challenges in modeling their complexity. This complexity arises not only from the nonuniform geometry of CMs, but also from variable material properties such as effective modulus. Current research in this area has been primarily limited to the study of linear elastic materials. Thus, there is a need to develop a model that describes CMs with nonlinear material behavior.
The focus of this work is on a low-fidelity model using nonlinear, superelastic materials. In order to account for both geometric nonlinearity and superelasticity, the use of a new pseudo-rigid body model is proposed. The model incorporates the mechanics of shape memory alloy (SMA) behavior in a folding C3M design. The combined application of pseudo-rigid body modeling and SMAs allows for the prediction of large recoverable deformations through superelasticity. In previous work, a segmented pseudo-rigid body model was used to account for the nonlinear behavior of a folding C3M. A mathematical model of the superelastic SMA material is derived based on 2D beam flexure equations. The development of these equations allows for an analysis of the deflection under an applied force. As a part of this study, the results of the SMA model will be compared to high-fidelity finite element simulations as a judge of the accuracy of the analytical model.
Development of Torque Sensors Using Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Soto Narciso , Garcia Jose , Newell Brittany 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Most actuation systems in a variety of industries rely on rotary actuators to generate mechanical work. In this context, it becomes particularly useful to be able to measure torque, for diagnostic purposes as well as closed-loop control. However, current torque-measuring solutions are significantly more expensive than their linear force-measuring counterparts. Moreover, torque sensors are usually difficult to couple or embed into existing systems since they are often attached to rotary shafts. For these reasons, torque sensors are not widely used in automotive, construction, or agricultural industries. As additive manufacturing technologies make their way into conventional manufacturing processes, an opportunity arises to design torque-measurement devices that take advantage of these new manufacturing processes by being fully integrated into other components. In this work, resistance and capacitance-based torque sensors were designed and tested. The sensors rely on the combination of two or more printed materials with dissimilar electrical properties, which are able to electrically respond to external physical stimuli. Conductive Thermoplastic Polyurethane (e-TPU) is used to create flexible conductive structures, while ultra-flexible dielectric material (X60) is used to create capacitors of variable geometry. These sensors can easily be embedded into other soft and flexible parts, such as automotive motor mounts, providing a higher degree of control and reliability in an otherwise stagnant design.
Association Between Relative Quadriceps Strength and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults: The Yangpyeong Cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
Authors: Song Bong Kil , Kim Geon Hui , Kim Jung Woon , Lefferts Elizabeth C. , Brellenthin Angelique G. , Lee Duck-Chul , Kim Yu-Mi , Kim Mi Kyung , Choi Bo Youl , Kim Yeon Soo 
Published: October 2021

Background: To examine the independent and combined association between relative quadriceps strength and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults. Methods: Among 1441 Korean older adults aged ≥65 years (71 [4.7] y) recruited between 2007 and 2016, 1055 older adults with no history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cancer were included in the analysis. Cases of T2DM were identified by self-reported physician diagnosis, use antihyperglycemic medication or insulin, or fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of T2DM by quartiles of relative quadriceps strength. Results: There were 162 T2DM cases (15%). Compared with the lowest quartile (weakest), the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of T2DM were 0.56 (0.34–0.90), 0.60 (0.37–0.96), and 0.47 (0.28–0.80) in the second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively, after adjusting for possible confounders, including body mass index. In the joint analysis, compared with the “weak and overweight/obese” group, the odds (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]) of T2DM was only lower in the “strong and normal weight” group (0.36 [0.22–0.60]) after adjusting for possible confounders. Conclusions: Greater relative quadriceps strength is associated with reduced odds of T2DM in older adults after adjusting for potential confounders including body mass index.
Patient-reported outcome measures following revision knee replacement: a review of PROM instrument utilisation and measurement properties using the COSMIN checklist
Authors: Sabah Shiraz A , Hedge Elizabeth A , Abram Simon G F , Alvand Abtin , Price Andrew J , Hopewell Sally 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesTo identify: (1) patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to evaluate symptoms, health status or quality of life following discretionary revision (or re-revision) knee joint replacement, and (2) validated joint-specific PROMs, their measurement properties and quality of evidence.Design(1) Scoping review; (2) systematic review following the COnsensus-based Standards for selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, AMED and PsycINFO were searched from inception to 1 July 2020 using the Oxford PROM filter unlimited by publication date or language.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies reporting on the development, validation or outcome of a joint-specific PROM for revision knee joint replacement were included.Results51 studies reported PROM outcomes using eight joint-specific PROMs. 27 out of 51 studies (52.9%) were published within the last 5 years. PROM development was rated ‘inadequate’ for each of the eight PROMs studied. Validation studies were available for only three joint-specific PROMs: Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lower Extremity Activity Scale (LEAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). 25 out of 27 (92.6%) measurement properties were rated insufficient, indeterminate or not assessed. The quality of supporting evidence was mostly low or very low. Each of the validated PROMs was rated ‘B’ (potential for recommendation but require further evaluation).ConclusionJoint-specific PROMs are increasingly used to report outcomes following revision knee joint replacement, but these instruments have insufficient evidence for their validity. Future research should be directed toward understanding the measurement properties of these instruments in order to inform clinical trials and observational studies evaluating the outcomes from joint-specific PROMs.
Association between healthy lifestyle score changes and quality of life and health-related quality of life: a longitudinal analysis of South Korean panel data
Authors: Nari Fatima , Jeong Wonjeong , Jang Bich Na , Lee Hyeon Ji , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the influence of changes in the aggregate score of healthy lifestyle factors on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and overall quality of life (QOL) in the Korean older adult population.DesignThis study used a longitudinal design.Setting and participantsData on 9474 participants aged 45 years or older were extracted from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging for the period 2006–2016. A composite score of four lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, physical activity and body mass index) was calculated, and biennial changes in aggregate score were computed.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were HRQOL and QOL.ResultsGeneralised estimating equation analysis results showed that those with healthy lifestyle score changes from ‘Low–High’ (β =−0.987, p=0.002;β =−1.288, p<0.0001), ‘High–Low’ (β =−1.281, p<0.0001;β =−1.952, p<0.0001) and ‘Low–Low’ (β =−1.552, p<0.0001;β =−2.398, p<0.0001) groups were more likely to be have lower HRQOL and QOL estimates than those in ‘High–High’ group. Female gender, older age and depression had a more negative impact on HRQOL, while male gender and younger age had a more negative impact on QOL, especially in the Low–Low group. The relationship between changes in scores and HRQOL and QOL varied across different elements of healthy lifestyle scores. Changes in physical activity, drinking and smoking status were significantly associated with lower HRQOL and QOL.ConclusionThe findings suggest an association between a low healthy lifestyle score and poor quality of life, in both general and health-related aspects. Strategies targeting the Korean ageing demographic to promote a healthier lifestyle should be encouraged.