bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating Activated Immune Cells as a Potential Blood Biomarkers of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Occurrence and Progression
Authors: Wang Yingyi , Zhou Na , Zhu Rui , Li Xiaoyuan , Sun Zhao , Yang Gao , Liu Wei , Meng Changting , Ge Yuping , Bai Chunmei , Li Taisheng , Liu Hongsheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has improved greatly in recent years. However, non-invasive early screening for carcinogenesis and progression are unclearly. The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of peripheral blood immune cells in untreated NSCLC patients. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 305 untreated NSCLC patients and 132 healthy participators from February 2016 to August 2019. Immune cells levels were performed by flow cytometry and blood routine tests. Results: NSCLC patients had lower levels of T lymphocytes, NK cells, CD8+ T cells, naïve CD4+/ CD4+, naïve CD4+ T cells and higher levels of CD4+ T cells, memory CD4+/CD4+, memory CD4+ T cells, CD4+CD28+/CD4+, CD4+CD28+ T cells, CD8+CD28+/CD8+, CD8+HLA-DR+/CD8+, CD8+HLA-DR+ T cells, CD8+CD38+/CD8+, CD8+CD38+ T cells and CD4+/CD8+ than those in controls. Cancer progression were negatively associated with levels of B cells, CD4+ T cells, naïve CD4+/CD4+, naïve CD4+ T cells, CD4+CD28+ T cells, CD8+CD28+ T cells and positively associated with levels of NK cells, white blood cells (WBC), monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), eosnophil to lymphocyte ratio (ELR), basophil to lymphocyte ratio (BLR), blood platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) .Conclusions: Abnormal levels of NK cells, CD4+ T cells, naïve CD4+/CD4+, naïve CD4+ T cells, CD4+CD28+ T cells can be used as independently predictive biomarker for non-invasive early screening in NSCLC occurrence and progression.
Vibration Isolation With Passive Linkage Mechanisms
Authors: Feng Xiao , Jing Xingjian , Guo Yingqing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study is to present a novel way to achieve superior passive vibration isolation by employing a specially-designed and compact linkage mechanism. The proposed anti-vibration system has beneficial nonlinear inertia, inspired by swinging motion of human arms, and is constructed with an adjustable nonlinear stiffness system inspired by animal or human leg skeleton. It is shown with comprehensive theoretical analysis and consequently validated by a series of well-designed experiments that the nonlinear stiffness, nonlinear damping and nonlinear inertia of the proposed system are very helpful for significantly reducing natural frequency and enhancing damping effect in a beneficial nonlinear way. This results in excellent vibration isolation performance with lower resonant frequency and resonant peak of faster decay rate. This study provides an innovative solution to a cost-efficient vibration control demanded in various engineering systems.
Magma flux of silicic supereruptions from the Afro-Arabian large igneous province
Authors: Thines Jennifer , Ukstins Ingrid , Wall Corey , Schmitz Mark 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Main Silicics phase of the Afro-Arabian large igneous province preserves some of the largest volcanic eruptions on Earth, with six units totaling >8,600 km3 dense rock equivalent (DRE). The large volumes of rapidly emplaced individual eruptions present a case study for examining the tempo of generation and emplacement of voluminous silicic magmas. We use high-precision 206Pb/238U zircon dating to differentiate individual eruption ages and show that the largest sequentially dated eruptions occurred within a timeframe of 48 ± 34 kyr (29.755 ± 0.023 Ma to 29.707 ± 0.025 Ma), yielding a maximum magma flux of 3.09 x 10-1 km3/yr for 4,339 km3 DRE and making this sequence the highest known flux of silicic volcanism on Earth. The Main Silicics phase of volcanism occurred within a timeframe of 130 ± 150 kyr (29.80 ± 0.80 Ma to 29.67 ± 0.13 Ma), yielding a maximum magma flux of 3.05 x 10-2 km3/yr. We also provide a robust tie-point for calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale by integrating recalculated 40Ar/39Ar data with our high-precision 206Pb/238U ages to yield new constraints on the duration of the C11n.1r Subchron.
Role of Cassava CC-type Glutaredoxin MeGRXC3 in Regulating Sensitivity to Mannitol-Induced Osmotic Stress Dependent on its Nuclear Activity
Authors: Ruan Meng-Bin , Yu Xiao-Ling , Guo Xin , Zhao Ping-Juan , Peng Ming 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWe previously identified six drought-inducible CC-type glutaredoxins in cassava cultivars, however, less is known about their potential role in the molecular mechanism by which cassava adapted to abiotic stress. ResultsHerein, we investigate one of cassava drought-responsive CC-type glutaredoxins, namely MeGRXC3, that involved in regulation of mannitol-induced inhibition on seed germination and seedling growth in transgenic Arabidopsis. MeGRXC3 overexpression up-regulates several stress-related transcription factor genes, such as PDF1.2, ERF6, WRKY40, and WRKY53 in Arabidopsis. Protein interaction assays show that MeGRXC3 interacts with Arabidopsis TGA2 and TGA5 in the nucleus. Eliminated nuclear localization of MeGRXC3 failed to result mannitol-induced inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth in transgenic Arabidopsis. Mutation analysis of MeGRXC3 indicates the importance of conserved motifs for its transactivation activity in yeast. Additionally, these motifs are also indispensable for its functionality in regulating mannitol-induced inhibition of seed germination and enhancement of the stress-related transcription factors in transgenic Arabidopsis.Conclusions﻿MeGRXC3 overexpression confers mannitol sensitivity in transgenic Arabidopsis possibly through interaction with TGA2/5 in the nucleus, and nuclear activity of MeGRXC3 is required for its function.
Novel Er3+ doped heavy metals-oxyfluorophosphate glass as a blue emitter
Authors: Saeed Aly , Sobaih S. , Abu-raia W. , Abdelghany A. , Heikel Sh. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Developed P2O5-ZnO-PbO-WO3-NaF glasses containing Er3+ ions were prepared by the melt/casting procedures. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the amorphicity of the prepared materials. The density and Fourier Transform Infrared FTIR spectroscopy showed that Er3+ ions play a modifier role and the studied glasses have low phonon energy. The observed decrease in the measured glass transition temperature indicates that the decrease in the bonding strength of the studied glass structure. The studied glass has a high thermal stability. Vickers microhardness results showed the weakening of the glass network. Measured UV-Vis absorption spectra exhibited several bands in the ultraviolet and visible regions. The studied glass has a high refractive index. The metallization criterion showed that the studied glasses have an insulating behavior. The metallization criterion values of the present glasses are in the range of nonlinear optical materials. Under 320 nm excitation wavelength, the studied glass generates three blue bands at 446, 457, and 473 nm. The CIE-1931 chromaticity diagram coordinates confirmed the blue emission of the prepared glass. According to the obtained results, the produced glasses have a high potential for using as efficient luminescence materials for photonic devices in the blue region.
CRISPR/Cas9 assisted gene targeting efficiently inhibits bovine herpesvirus-1 replication
Authors: Deol Pallavi , Mahajan Sonalika , Nandi Sukdeb , Chander Vishal , Chaple Ashwini R. , Ganie Saima M , S. Bindu , Agrawal Ravikant , Singh Karam Pal , gupta Vivek kumar , Singh Raj kumar , Sharma Gaurav Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPR associated protein (cas) are now being accepted as a highly specific method of gene editing. Among many other applications, CRISPR/cas has an immense potential to be used as antivirals. In this study, we successfully demonstrated CRISPR/Cas9 mediated inhibition of Bovine Herpes virus -1 (BHV-1) replication. BHV-1 causes economically important diseases in bovines with establishment of latency. Six essential genes and one non-essential gene of BHV-1 were targeted to assess the impact on virus replication. Inhibition of UL52, circ, and UL27 genes showed promising results, whereas the other three genes US6, UL18, and UL34 resulted in lower level of inhibition. Non-specific gene editing in host and virus was in-silico evaluated and was demonstrated by inhibition of virus induced apoptosis. Successful editing of one viral non-essential gene without any alterations in virus replication demonstrated the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in replicating viral genome. Complete abrogation of virus replication was observed transiently (~24 hours post-transfection/hpt) when transfected with short lived in-vitro transcribed sgRNAs. Whereas, under constant expression of sgRNAs through plasmid, complete inhibition of virus replication was observed till ~72 hours post-infection. Complete inhibition of replication was also observed with in-vitro transcribed sgRNA when booster dose of sgRNA was trasnfected at 24hpt. It has been speculated that constant expression with plasmid based delivery may result in off-target activity which can be ruled out with short lived in-vitro transcribed sgRNA.
LDL mediated delivery of Paclitaxel and MRI imaging probes for personalized medicine applications
Authors: Rakhshan Sahar , Alberti Diego , Stefania Rachele , Bitonto Valeria , Crich Simonetta Geninatti 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The combination of imaging and therapeutic agents in the same smart nanoparticle is a promising option to perform a minimally invasive imaging guided therapy. In this study, Low density lipoproteins (LDL), one of the most attractive biodegradable and biocompatible nanoparticles, were used for the simultaneous delivery of Paclitaxel (PTX), a hydrophobic antitumour drug and an amphiphilic contrast agent, Gd-AAZTA-C17, in B16-F10 melanoma cell line. These cells overexpress LDL receptors, as assessed by flow cytometry analysis. Results. PTX and Gd-AAZTA-C17 loaded LDLs (LDL-PTX-Gd) have been prepared, characterized and their stability was assessed under 72 h incubation at 37 °C and compared to LDL loaded with Gd-AAZTA-C17 (LDL-Gd) and LDL-PTX. The cytotoxic effect of LDL-PTX-Gd was evaluated by MTT assay. The anti-tumour drug loaded into LDLs showed a significantly higher toxicity on B16-F10 cells with respect to the commercially available formulation Paclitaxel kabi (PTX Kabi) used in clinical applications. Tumour cells uptake was initially assessed by ICP-MS and MRI on B16-F10 cell line. By the analysis of the image signal intensity, it was possible to extrapolate the amount of internalized PTX indirectly by the decrease of relaxation times caused by Gd, proportional to its concentration. Finally, the treatment with PTX loaded LDL on B16-F10 tumour bearing mice resulted in a marked reduction of tumour growth compared to the administration of PTX Kabi alone. Conclusions. LDLs are selectively taken-up by tumour cells and can be successfully exploited for the selective delivery of Paclitaxel and imaging agents. For the first time the anon invasive “in vivo” determination of the amount of PTX accumulated in the tumour was possible, thanks to the use of theranostic agents of natural origin.
Towards realistic modeling of plasmonic nanostructures: the comparative study to determine the impact of optical effects on solar cell improvement
Authors: Haidari Gholamhosain 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plasmonic structures may improve cell performance in a variety of ways. More accurate determining the optical influence, unlike ideal simulations, requires modeling closer to experimental cases. In this modeling, nonregular nanostructures were chosen and for simulation divided into three groups and some modes. For each mode, different sizes of nanoparticles were randomly selected which could result in pre-determined average particle size and standard deviation. By 3D-FDTD, the optical plasmonic properties of that mode in solar cell structure were investigated when nanostructure was added to the buffer/active layer of the organic solar cell. The far and near-field results were used to compare the plasmonic behavior, relying on the material and geometry. By detailed simulations, the Al and approximately Ag nanostructure at the interface of the ZnO/active layer can improve OSC performance optically, especially by the near-field effect. Unlike Au and relatively Ag, the Al nanostructured sample showed less parasitic absorption loss.
Comparison between Synthetic Oil Lubricants for Reducing Fretting Degradation in Lightly Loaded Gold-Plated Contacts
Authors: Chaudhary Rishabh , Kaushik Lovlesh , Azarian Michael H. , Pecht Michael 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comparison between the performances of two chemistries of synthetic oil lubricants, polyalphaolefins (PAOs) and perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) when applied on gold-plated electrical contacts operating at contact loads of 9.8 cN and experiencing fretting-induced degradation. Performance assessment was done using the contact resistance and coefficient of friction behavior and the surface’s response to fretting in the presence of different types of lubricants within the two chemistries. It was found that the PAOs improved the fretting performance of the lightly loaded contacts, and statistically, were at least fifty times more reliable for a longer duration of fretting cycles than the PFPEs, suggesting their suitability for low contact load applications. At low loads, PFPEs underwent contact separation due to hydrodynamic lubrication, and the behavior was more observable among the PFPEs having higher kinematic viscosities. On the contrary, viscous PAOs had improved fretting performance and delayed time to contact failure than less viscous PAOs. The applied lubricant film thickness also contributed to the contact’s performance, and it was found that increasing the thickness of the PFPE films advanced contact failures, while the PAO film postponed contact’s time to failure.
Comparison of Laminoplasty and Posterior Fusion Surgery for Cervical Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Nakashima Hiroaki , Imagama Shiro , Yoshii Toshitaka , Egawa Satoru , Sakai Kenichiro , Kusano Kazuo , Nakagawa Yukihiro , Hirai Takashi , Wada Kanichiro , Katsumi Keiichi , Fujii Kengo , Kimura Atsushi , Furuya Takeo , Kanchiku Tsukasa , Nagamoto Yukitaka , Oshima Yasushi , Nagoshi Narihito , Ando Kei , Takahata Masahiko , Mori Kanji , Nakajima Hideaki , Murata Kazuma , Matsunaga Shunji , Kaito Takashi , Yamada Kei , Kobayashi Sho , Kato Satoshi , Ohba Tetsuro , Inami Satoshi , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Katoh Hiroyuki , Kanno Haruo , Li Yuanying , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Koda Masao , Kawaguchi Yoshiharu , Takeshita Katsushi , Matsumoto Morio , Yamazaki Masashi , Okawa Atsushi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This prospective multicenter study formed by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare at 27 institutions aimed to compare postoperative outcomes between laminoplasty (LM) and posterior fusion (PF) for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Controversy exists regarding the role of instrumented fusion in the context of posterior surgical decompression for OPLL. Among the 479 patients enrolled, 189 (137 and 52 patients with LM and PF, respectively) were included and evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, the JOA Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ), and radiographical measurements. Basic demographic and radiographical data were reviewed, and the propensity to choose a surgical procedure was calculated. Preoperatively, patient backgrounds, radiographical measurements (K-line or cervical alignment on X-ray, OPLL occupation ratio on computed tomography, and increased signal intensity change on magnetic resonance imaging), or clinical status (JOA score and JOACMEQ) after adjustments showed no significant differences. The overall risk of perioperative complications was lower in LM (odds ratio [OR] 0.40, p = 0.006), and C5 palsy was significantly lower in LM (OR 0.11, p = 0.0002) than in PF. The range of motion (20.91° ± 1.05° and 9.38° ± 1.24°, p < 0.0001) in patients with PF was significantly smaller than in those with LM. However, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed no significant difference in JOA score, JOA recovery rate, or JOACMEQ improvement at two years. In contrast, OPLL progression was greater in LM group than in the PF group (OR 2.73, p = 0.0002). LM and PF for cervical myelopathy due to OPLL resulted in comparable postoperative outcomes at two years after surgery.
Delayed Fluorescence from Inverted Singlet and Triplet Excited States for Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Miyajima Daigo , Aizawa Naoya , Pu Yong-Jin , Nihonyanagi Atsuko , Ibuka Ryotaro , Inuzuka Hiroyuki , Dhara Barun , Koyama Yuki , Araoka Fumito 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hund’s multiplicity rule states that for a given electronic configuration, a higher spin state has a lower energy. Rephrasing this rule for molecular excited states predicts a positive energy gap between spin-singlet and spin-triplet excited states, which has been consistent with numerous experimental observations over almost a century. Here, we report a fluorescent molecule that disobeys Hund’s rule, possessing a negative singlet–triplet energy gap of –11 meV. The energy inversion of the singlet and triplet excited states results in delayed fluorescence with short time constants of 0.2 μs, which anomalously decrease with decreasing temperature due to the emissive singlet character of the lowest-energy excited state. Organic light-emitting diodes using this molecule exhibited a fast transient electroluminescence decay with a peak external quantum efficiency of 17%, demonstrating potential implications for optoelectronic devices, including displays, lighting, and lasers.
Impact of The Distal Resection Margin On Local Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation and Rectal Excision For Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Song Seung Ho , Park Jun Seok , Choi Gyu-Seog , Seo An Na , Park Soo Yeun , Kim Hye Jin , Lee Sung-Min , Yoon Ghilsuk 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We aimed to evaluate whether a short distal resection margin (< 1 cm) was associated with local recurrence in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Patients with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by curative surgery were divided into two groups based on the distal resection margin (≥ 1 cm and < 1 cm). In total, 507 patients were analyzed. The median follow-up duration was 48.9 months. The 3-year local recurrence rates were 2% and 8% in the ≥ 1 cm and < 1 cm groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed that a distal resection margin of < 1 cm was a significant risk factor for local recurrence (p = 0.008). Subgroup analysis revealed that a distal resection margin of < 1 cm was not an independent risk factor for local recurrence in the ypT0–1 group. However, among patients with tumor stages ypT2–4, the cumulative 3-year incidences of local recurrence were 2.3% and 9.8% in the ≥ 1 cm and < 1 cm groups, respectively (p = 0.001). A distal resection margin of < 1 cm might influence local recurrence rates in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy, especially in patients with tumor stages ypT2–4.
Integrating Health Literacy into a Theory-Based Drug-Use Prevention Program: A Quasi-Experimental Study Among Junior High Students in Taiwan.
Authors: LIN Li-Chen , GUO Jong-Long , Huang Chiu-Mieh , Hsu Hsiao-Pei , LIAO Jung-Yu , LIN Cheng-Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn Taiwan, illegal drug use is a critical health problem during adolescence. Schools play a vital role in preventing students’ illegal drug use. Accordingly, we developed and evaluated a school-based, drug-use prevention program integrating the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and health literacy for junior high school students.MethodsWe recruited 648 junior high school students from 14 selected schools: N= 323 in the experimental group, N= 325 in the comparison group. The experimental group received ten 45-minute sessions of a theory-based drug-use prevention program. The comparison group received traditional didactic teaching and drug refusal skill training. We used a generalized estimating equation (GEE) to analyze data.ResultsResults of paired t-tests indicated that drug-use health literacy and TPB-related variables improved in the experimental group. The GEE analyses indicated that participants in the experimental group also demonstrated significantly improved health literacy (p < 0.001) compared to the comparison group, especially for functional (p< 0.001) and critical health literacy (p = 0.017). The experimental group also showed significant post-intervention improvement in terms of subjective norm scores (p = 0.024). Conclusion﻿Study results demonstrated the effectiveness of a drug-use prevention program on health literacy and subjective norm by integrating the TPB and health literacy. These results could support the future implementation of drug-use prevention programs for junior high school students on a larger scale.
Hierarchical Coordinated Anti-Jamming Channel Access in Clustering Networks: A Multi-Leader Multi-Follower Stackelberg Game Approach
Authors: Xu Yifan , Chen Jin , Feng Zhibin , Yao Kailing , Li Guoxin , Song Fei , Fang Gui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper mainly investigates the multi-user coordinated anti-jamming problem in clustering communication networks. In such kinds of networks, there exist multiple clusters, and multiple users who communicate with their receivers simultaneously. Besides, a malicious jammer persistently attacks channels with wide-band and dynamic changing jamming signals. To cope with these challenges brought by the large-scale clustering network and the dynamic wide-band jamming, a hierarchical coordinated anti-jamming approach is proposed, and a multi-leader multi-follower Stackelberg game is introduced to model the anti-jamming problem. In detail, cluster heads act as leaders, and select available frequency bands to avoid jamming attacks. While users in each cluster act as followers, and select corresponding channels distributedly and independently. Moreover, it is proved that there exist multiple Stackelberg Equilibriums (SEs) in the proposed game. To obtain SEs, a hierarchical coordinated anti-jamming channel access (HCACA) algorithm is designed. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed approach is effective to cope with the dynamic wide-band jamming attacks. Furthermore, it is also depicted that the proposed approach outperforms the distributed anti-jamming comparative approach in terms of convergence speed.