bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low level of stromal lectin‐like oxidized LDL receptor 1 and CD8+ cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes indicate poor prognosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Katayama Chika , Yokobori Takehiko , Ozawa Naoya , Suga Kunihiko , Shiraishi Takuya , Okada Takuhisa , Osone Katsuya , Katoh Ryuji , Suto Toshinaga , Motegi Yoko , Ogawa Hiroomi , Sano Akihiko , Sakai Makoto , Sohda Makoto , Erkhem‐Ochir Bilguun , Gombodorj Navchaa , Katayama Ayaka , Oyama Tetsunari , Shirabe Ken , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Saeki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLectin‐like oxidized LDL receptor‐1 (LOX‐1) has been identified as a new marker for functional myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that exhibit an immunosuppressive phenotype in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the role of LOX‐1+ cells in the TME of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown.AimThis study aimed to determine the expression and significance of LOX‐1 in the TME of clinical CRC specimens.Methods and resultsWe performed immunohistochemical and genetic analyses of LOX‐1, CD8, KRAS, and BRAF in 128 resected CRC specimens and determined the expression of IFN‐γ and IL‐10 using real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed the correlation between LOX‐1, TME factors, gene alteration, clinicopathological factors, and disease prognosis. The co‐expression pattern of LOX‐1, hematopoietic markers, and a fibroblast marker was evaluated using multiplex immunofluorescence staining. Low stromal LOX‐1 expression and low intratumoral CD8+ cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte (CTL) status correlated with poor prognosis. Moreover, stromal LOX‐1‐low/CD8+ CTL‐low status was the most important independent prognostic factor of poor overall survival. Most of the LOX‐1+ stromal cells were positive for CD163+, indicating they were CD163+ M2 macrophages.ConclusionsThe MDSC marker, LOX‐1, was mainly expressed by M2 macrophages in CRC tissues. LOX‐1+ macrophages and CD8+ CTLs may serve as useful biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of CRC.
Visual perception of natural colours in paintings: An eye‐tracking study of Grünewald'sResurrection
Authors: Fontoura Pablo , Menu Michel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article aims to reveal aspects of the visual perception of the natural colours of Matthias Grünewald'sResurrectionpanel, part of theIsenheim Altarpiece(1512‐1516). To identify, which colours are mostly perceived, we have performed an eye‐tracking study with 52 participants at the Unterlinden Museum, in Colmar, France, in which we recorded the participant's eye movements and their spontaneous comments when looking at Grünewald's work, using an innovative approach to let visitors be free while recording their gaze in a realistic observation condition. Results indicate that although orange and red colours are perceived faster, yellows and browns are focused for a more extended period and visited more frequently. TheResurrection's colours are perceived by participants as containing strong emotional content, being explicitly crucial for the full understanding of the painting. Yellow remains the most salient colour of the artwork for the observers, and it is associated with light and transcendent content.
Long‐Term Regularity of 3D Gravity Water Waves
Authors: Zheng Fan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe study a fundamental model in fluid mechanics—the 3D gravity water wave equation, in which an incompressible fluid occupying half the 3D space flows under its own gravity. In this paper we show long‐term regularity of solutions whose initial data is small but not localized.Our results include: almost global well‐posedness for unweighted Sobolev initial data and global well‐posedness for weighted Sobolev initial data with weight |x|α for any α > 0. In the periodic case, if the initial data lives on an R by R torus, and ϵ close to the constant solution, then the life span of the solution is at least R/ϵ2(logR)2. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Efficacy and Safety of Ticagrelor Monotherapy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Gelbenegger Georg , Schoergenhofer Christian , Jilma Bernd , Gager Gloria M. , Dizdarevic Al Medina , Mamas Mamas A. , Parapid Biljana , Velagapudi Poonam , Siller‐Matula Jolanta M. 
Published: March 2021

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and subsequent P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy, particularly ticagrelor, is an emerging treatment strategy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This meta‐analysis was designed to investigate whether short‐term DAPT followed by ticagrelor monotherapy is associated with a favorable outcome as compared with standard DAPT (1–3 months of DAPT was termed “short‐term” DAPT, 6–12 months DAPT was termed “standard” DAPT). The primary outcome was the composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) comprising myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. Secondary outcomes included all‐cause mortality and net adverse clinical events (NACE; myocardial infarction, stroke, all‐cause death, stent thrombosis, and major bleeding). The primary safety outcome was major bleeding. Three studies comprising 26,143 patients were included. The risk of MACE was similar between the two treatment groups (risk ratio (RR) 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.72–1.02, P = 0.08, I2 = 22%). Short‐term DAPT followed by ticagrelor monotherapy resulted in a 20% relative risk reduction of all‐cause mortality (RR 0.80, 95% CI, 0.65–0.98, P = 0.03, I2 = 0%) and an 18% relative risk reduction of NACE (RR 0.82, 95% CI, 0.71–0.94, P = 0.005, I2 = 33%) as compared with standard DAPT. Short‐term DAPT followed by ticagrelor monotherapy significantly decreased the risk of major bleeding (RR 0.67, 95% CI, 0.49–0.92, P = 0.01, I2 = 65%). In patients with acute coronary syndrome, short‐term DAPT followed by ticagrelor monotherapy resulted in an unchanged ischemic risk but a significantly lower bleeding risk compared with standard DAPT. Short‐term DAPT followed by ticagrelor monotherapy compared with standard DAPT resulted in a favorable safety and efficacy profile. Direct comparisons of aspirin vs. ticagrelor monotherapy following PCI are needed.
Diagnostic efficacy of ascites cell block for ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Iwahashi Hideki , Miyamoto Morikazu , Minabe Shinya , Hada Taira , Sakamoto Takahiro , Ishibashi Hiroki , Kakimoto Soichiro , Matsuura Hiroko , Suzuki Rie , Matsukuma Susumu , Tsuda Hitoshi , Takano Masashi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAscites cytology is important for determining the stage and treatment methods for ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) as defined by the 2014 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology classification.MethodsPatients with CCC who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 2012 and December 2019 and who received cytodiagnosis of their ascites using Papanicolaou (Pap) and May–Grünwald–Giemsa (MGG) staining, and cell block methods were identified. The cell block technique was performed using hematoxylin‐eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical staining for hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1β (HNF‐1β), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Wilms tumor‐1 (WT‐1). Cancer cells of CCC were defined as tumor cells that were positive for HNF‐1β and negative for ER, PR, and WT‐1. The diagnostic accuracy of ascites cytology using Pap and MGG staining and cell block methods was examined.ResultsBased on cytological data, our study included 17 patients: seven (41.1%) with malignant (MAL) ascites, eight (47.1%) with negative for malignancy (NFM), and two (11.8%) with atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) because of a few atypical cells based on Pap and MGG staining. Malignant cells diagnosed by cell blocks were detected in 7/7 patients with MAL ascites based on PAP and MGG staining, 2/8 (25.0%) patients with NFM, and 1/2 (50%) patients with AUS.ConclusionThese findings show that the cell block method combined with the immunohistochemical investigation may be useful for increasing the diagnostic accuracy of malignant cells in CCC.
Deciphering the diet of a wandering spider (Phoneutria boliviensis; Araneae: Ctenidae) by DNA metabarcoding of gut contents
Authors: Sierra Ramírez Diego , Guevara Giovany , Franco Pérez Lida Marcela , van der Meijden Arie , González‐Gómez Julio César , Carlos Valenzuela‐Rojas Juan , Prada Quiroga Carlos Fernando 
Published: March 2021

AbstractArachnids are the most abundant land predators. Despite the importance of their functional roles as predators and the necessity to understand their diet for conservation, the trophic ecology of many arachnid species has not been sufficiently studied. In the case of the wandering spider, Phoneutria boliviensis F. O. Pickard‐Cambridge, 1897, only field and laboratory observational studies on their diet exist. By using a DNA metabarcoding approach, we compared the prey found in the gut content of males and females from three distant Colombian populations of P. boliviensis. By DNA metabarcoding of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), we detected and identified 234 prey items (individual captured by the spider) belonging to 96 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), as prey for this wandering predator. Our results broaden the known diet of P. boliviensis with at least 75 prey taxa not previously registered in fieldwork or laboratory experimental trials. These results suggest that P. boliviensis feeds predominantly on invertebrates (Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Orthoptera) and opportunistically on small squamates. Intersex and interpopulation differences were also observed. Assuming that prey preference does not vary between populations, these differences are likely associated with a higher local prey availability. Finally, we suggest that DNA metabarcoding can be used for evaluating subtle differences in the diet of distinct populations of P. boliviensis, particularly when predation records in the field cannot be established or quantified using direct observation.
Local environment‐driven adaptive evolution in a marine invasive ascidian (Molgula manhattensis)
Authors: Chen Yiyong , Gao Yangchun , Huang Xuena , Li Shiguo , Zhan Aibin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElucidating molecular mechanisms of environment‐driven adaptive evolution in marine invaders is crucial for understanding invasion success and further predicting their future invasions. Although increasing evidence suggests that adaptive evolution could contribute to organisms’ adaptation to varied environments, there remain knowledge gaps regarding how environments influence genomic variation in invaded habitats and genetic bases underlying local adaptation for most marine invaders. Here, we performed restriction‐site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) to assess population genetic diversity and further investigate genomic signatures of local adaptation in the marine invasive ascidian, Molgula manhattensis. We revealed that most invasive populations exhibited significant genetic differentiation, low recent gene flow, and no signal of significant population bottleneck. Based on three genome scan approaches, we identified 109 candidate loci potentially under environmental selection. Redundancy analysis and variance partitioning analysis suggest that local environmental factors, particularly the salinity‐related variables, represent crucial evolutionary forces in driving adaptive divergence. Using the newly developed transcriptome as a reference, 14 functional genes were finally obtained with potential roles in salinity adaptation, including SLC5A1 and SLC9C1 genes from the solute carrier gene (SLC) superfamily. Our findings confirm that differed local environments could rapidly drive adaptive divergence among invasive populations and leave detectable genomic signatures in marine invaders.
Human type 1 and type 2 conventional dendritic cells express indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 with functional effects on T cell priming
Authors: Sittig Simone P. , van Beek Jasper J. P. , Flórez‐Grau Georgina , Weiden Jorieke , Buschow Sonja I. , van der Net Mirjam C. , van Slooten Rianne , Verbeek Marcel M. , Geurtz P. Ben H. , Textor Johannes , Figdor Carl G. , de Vries I. Jolanda M. , Schreibelt Gerty 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are key regulators of the immune system that shape T cell responses. Regulation of T cell induction by DCs may occur via the intracellular enzyme indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO), which catalyzes conversion of the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine. Here, we examined the role of IDO in human peripheral blood plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), and type 1 and type 2 conventional DCs (cDC1s and cDC2s). Our data demonstrate that under homeostatic conditions, IDO is selectively expressed by cDC1s. IFN‐γ or TLR ligation further increases IDO expression in cDC1s and induces modest expression of the enzyme in cDC2s, but not pDCs. IDO expressed by conventional DCs is functionally active as measured by kynurenine production. Furthermore, IDO activity in TLR‐stimulated cDC1s and cDC2s inhibits T cell proliferation in settings were DC‐T cell cell‐cell contact does not play a role. Selective inhibition of IDO1 with epacadostat, an inhibitor currently tested in clinical trials, rescued T cell proliferation without affecting DC maturation status or their ability to cross‐present soluble antigen. Our findings provide new insights into the functional specialization of human blood DC subsets and suggest a possible synergistic enhancement of therapeutic efficacy by combining DC‐based cancer vaccines with IDO inhibition.
Capillary electrophoretic method for Staphylococcus aureus detection by using a novel antimicrobial peptide
Authors: Hong Tingting , Qiu Lin , Rui Wen , Li Ying , Zheng Ronghui , Guo Qianqian , Zhou Shuwen , Cui Pengfei , Sheng Jingyu , Ni Xinye , Wang Jianhao , Jiang Pengju 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA novel peptide containing antimicrobial sequence and gelatinase cleavage sites was designed for Staphylococcus aureus detection. Since Staphylococcus aureus could secrete gelatinase, the fluorescein labeled peptide GKRWWKWWRRPLGVRGC could be recognized and cleaved. The obtained products were able to be analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. To explore the effect of Staphylococcus aureus concentration on enzyme digestion ability of peptide, Staphylococcus aureus with different concentrations were incubated with the peptide. Results indicated that capillary electrophoretic method was efficient for determining Staphylococcus aureus content. Compared with traditional approaches for Staphylococcus aureus detection, capillary electrophoresis possessed higher efficiency, enhanced sensitivity, and low sample consumption. Moreover, the proposed peptide also presented desirable antimicrobial activity. It suggested that the novel antimicrobial peptide used in this research opens a new path of detecting Staphylococcus aureus by capillary electrophoretic method.
Numerical investigation of corroded middle‐high strength pipeline subjected to combined internal pressure and axial compressive loading
Authors: Lu Linlin , Liang Lecai 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBuried oil and gas pipelines may face the threat of geological disasters such as landslides, faults, and floods. However, long‐term buried oil and gas pipelines often have corrosion defects, which bring greater challenges to the safe operation of pipelines. In this study, via the finite element analysis method validated by the testing results, the blasting pressure of a middle‐high strength pipeline with corrosion defects under an axial compressive load, the distribution of the von Mises stress on the pipeline surface, and the local buckling behavior of the pipeline were studied. In the analysis of the influencing factors, the axially compressive load, the size of the corrosion defects, and the characteristics of the pipeline material were studied. Based on 437 sample points, an artificial neural network was adopted to predict the burst pressure of a pipeline with corrosion defects. By comparing the prediction results with the numerical simulation results, the accuracy verification of the prediction model was conducted. When the axially compressive load increases to a certain value, the burst pressure of a pipeline with corrosion defects will begin to decrease rapidly as the axial compressive load increases. The larger the size of the corrosion defect, the smaller the burst pressure of the pipeline. The depth and length of the corrosion defect have a significant influence on the blasting pressure. The lower the steel grade of the pipeline, the smaller the Y/T ratio, and the lower the bursting pressure of the pipeline. Both the axial compressive load and the size of the corrosion defect affect the failure mode of the pipeline. When the corrosion defect's size is small and the axial compressive load is small, the pipeline material fails. When the corrosion defect's size is large enough, and the axial compressive load is large enough, the pipeline is prone to structural instability. An increase in the axial compressive load and the decrease in the corrosion defect's size cause the local stress concentration of the corrosion defects to become more significant. When the axial compressive load on the pipeline is small, the increase in the axial compressive load does not affect the bursting pressure of the pipeline, but it greatly increases the degree of the local buckling of the pipeline. A decrease in the depth and width of the corrosion defects and an increase in their length results in the local buckling of the pipeline becoming more severe.
Resting state functional connectivity in adolescent synthetic cannabinoid users with and without attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Yüncü Zeki , Cakmak Celik Zehra , Colak Ciğdem , Thapa Tribikram , Fornito Alex , Bora Emre , Kitis Omer , Zorlu Nabi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveSynthetic cannabinoids (SCs) have become increasingly popular in recent years, especially among adolescents. The first aim of the current study was to examine resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) in SC users compared to controls. Our second aim was to examine the influence of comorbid attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology on rsFC changes in SC users compared to controls.MethodsResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis included 25 SC users (14 without ADHD and 11 with ADHD combined type) and 12 control subjects.ResultsWe found (i) higher rsFC between the default mode network (DMN) and salience network, dorsal attention network and cingulo‐opercular network, and (ii) lower rsFC within the DMN and between the DMN and visual network in SC users compared to controls. There were no significant differences between SC users with ADHD and controls, nor were there any significant differences between SC users with and without ADHD.ConclusionsWe found the first evidence of abnormalities within and between resting state networks in adolescent SC users without ADHD. In contrast, SC users with ADHD showed no differences compared to controls. These results suggest that comorbidity of ADHD and substance dependence may show different rsFC alterations than substance use alone.
Expression quantitative trait loci of genes predicting outcome are associated with survival of multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Macauda Angelica , Piredda Chiara , Clay‐Gilmour Alyssa I. , Sainz Juan , Buda Gabriele , Markiewicz Miroslaw , Barington Torben , Ziv Elad , Hildebrandt Michelle A. T. , Belachew Alem A. , Varkonyi Judit , Prejzner Witold , Druzd‐Sitek Agnieszka , Spinelli John , Andersen Niels Frost , Hofmann Jonathan N. , Dudziński Marek , Martinez‐Lopez Joaquin , Iskierka‐Jazdzewska Elzbieta , Milne Roger L. , Mazur Grzegorz , Giles Graham G. , Ebbesen Lene Hyldahl , Rymko Marcin , Jamroziak Krzysztof , Subocz Edyta , Reis Rui Manuel , Garcia‐Sanz Ramon , Suska Anna , Haastrup Eva Kannik , Zawirska Daria , Grzasko Norbert , Vangsted Annette Juul , Dumontet Charles , Kruszewski Marcin , Dutka Magdalena , Camp Nicola J. , Waller Rosalie G. , Tomczak Waldemar , Pelosini Matteo , Raźny Małgorzata , Marques Herlander , Abildgaard Niels , Wątek Marzena , Jurczyszyn Artur , Brown Elizabeth E. , Berndt Sonja , Butrym Aleksandra , Vachon Celine M. , Norman Aaron D. , Slager Susan L. , Gemignani Federica , Canzian Federico , Campa Daniele 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGene expression profiling can be used for predicting survival in multiple myeloma (MM) and identifying patients who will benefit from particular types of therapy. Some germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) act as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) showing strong associations with gene expression levels. We performed an association study to test whether eQTLs of genes reported to be associated with prognosis of MM patients are directly associated with measures of adverse outcome. Using the genotype‐tissue expression portal, we identified a total of 16 candidate genes with at least one eQTL SNP associated with their expression with P < 10−7 either in EBV‐transformed B‐lymphocytes or whole blood. We genotyped the resulting 22 SNPs in 1327 MM cases from the International Multiple Myeloma rESEarch (IMMEnSE) consortium and examined their association with overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS), adjusting for age, sex, country of origin and disease stage. Three polymorphisms in two genes (TBRG4‐rs1992292, TBRG4‐rs2287535 and ENTPD1‐rs2153913) showed associations with OS at P < .05, with the former two also associated with PFS. The associations of two polymorphisms in TBRG4 with OS were replicated in 1277 MM cases from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology (InterLymph) Consortium. A meta‐analysis of the data from IMMEnSE and InterLymph (2579 cases) showed that TBRG4‐rs1992292 is associated with OS (hazard ratio = 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.04‐1.26, P = .007). In conclusion, we found biologically a plausible association between a SNP in TBRG4 and OS of MM patients.
Cellular senescence: Silent operator and therapeutic target in cancer
Authors: Ramu Deepika , Shan Teoh Wei , Hirpara Jayshree L. , Pervaiz Shazib 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe process of carcinogenesis and its progression involves an intricate interplay between a number of signaling networks, metabolic pathways and the microenvironment. These include an alteration in the cellular redox metabolism and deregulation of cell cycle checkpoints. Similar to the dichotomy of redox signaling in cancer cell fate and state determination, a diverging effect of an irreversible cell cycle arrest or senescence on carcinogenesis has been demonstrated. In this regard, while overwhelming oxidative stress has a damaging effect on tissue architecture and organ function and promotes death execution, a mild “pro‐oxidant” environment is conducive for cell proliferation, growth and survival. Similarly, cellular senescence has been shown to elicit both a tumor suppressor and an oncogenic effect in a context‐dependent manner. Notably, there appears to be a crosstalk between these two critical regulators of cell fate and state, particularly from the standpoint of the divergent effects on processes that promote or abate carcinogenesis. This review aims to provide an overview of these overarching themes and attempts to highlight critical intersection nodes, which are emerging as potential diagnostic and/or therapeutic targets for novel anticancer strategies.