bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of stocking density of milkfish (Chanos chanos) in polyculture system with seaweed (Gracilaria sp.) on the traditional pond
Authors: Widyastuti Y R , Setiadi E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To determine the optimal stocking in the traditional pond is the objective of this study. The study was carried out from March until June 2019 in Karawang, West Java. The milkfish stocking density is the treatment A: 3 fish/container (2,500 fish/ha); B: 6 fish/container (5,000 fish/ha) and C: 9 fish/container (7,500 fish/ha). The weight of the seaweed planted is 900 g (1 ton/ha) for each treatment. Net as a research container measuring 3 x 3 meters was placed in the middle of the pond. The main variables analyzed were growth rate, absolute weight, daily growth rate, survival, and final weight of milkfish. For seaweed, weight and length gain, absolute weight, and daily growth rate. The observed water quality includes temperature, pH, DO, salinity, and brightness. The results showed that the milkfish density of 3 fish/container gave the highest (p<0.05) of absolute weight 25.43 (±1.75) g, survival rate 88.9 (±1.27) %, and ADG (p>0.05). The lowest weight of seaweed occurred in the treatment of 9 fish/container which is 74.67 g. The optimal number of milkfish stocking in a polyculture system with seaweed is 3 fish/container (2,500 fish/ha).
Characterization, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of cultivated sea cucumbers from Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari D A , Murniasih T , Sari M , Syahputra G , Rasyid A , Septiana E , Untari F , Harahap I A , Ardiansyah A , Gustini N , Putra M Y 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sea cucumber is marine commodity widely distributed throughout Indonesian waters, Indonesia exported sea cucumber to Hongkong, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Malaysia and Australia. This study aims to characterize sea cucumber, determine the antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of cultivated sea cucumbers. Sea cucumbers are cultivated in the pond for 12 months, with the weight and size average 160.9 grams, and 15.3 cm at harvest. The sea cucumbers were characterized by measuring their proximate and heavy metals content. The samples were extracted using water at 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, and soxhletation with 70% ethanol. Furthermore, the antibacterial analysis was tested on three bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli and antioxidants were analyzed using the ABTS method. The results showed that the sea cucumber protein content was 78.77%, fat content was 1.66%, and carbohydrate was 3.80%. Heavy metal content of cultivated sea cucumbers, including as 1.12 mg/kg, Pb 0.15 mg/kg, Ni, Hg, and Cd were not detected. Antibacterial test results showed all the extract of sea cucumber could not inhibit the growth of bacteria. The best antioxidant activity was found in dried sea cucumbers extracted using the soxhletation method with IC50 value 62.72 μg/mL.
A framework of artificial intelligent for investment assessment in coastal and small island area, relate to disaster risk
Authors: Yonvitner  , Agus S B , Perdinan  , Ramadhani R A , Wicaksana B A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Coastal areas and small islands in Indonesia have reliable investment feasibility potential. The location of small islands that must be developed must assess the ecosystem’s carrying capacity and the environment, including disaster risk. Research on investment feasibility based on disaster risk is necessary to support small islands’ investment plans and development. This area is known as a vulnerable and potentially high risk from natural or human-made disasters. The research conducted in the Kepulauan Seribu will adopt digital technology to assess the eligibility criteria as the start of an investment step. The intervention of digital technology on investment feasibility assessment in line with the digital era in the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The outputs of the research are (1) investment feasibility indicators in coastal areas and small islands based on disaster risk; (2) strengthening systems and institutions related to investment feasibility assessment in coastal areas and small islands; (3) the prototype of smart system technology for assessing investment feasibility in coastal areas and small islands based on disaster risk as part of the adaptation of revolution 4.0 to support the policy of integrated electronic business licensing services.
Potential carrying capacity of marine ecotourism in Sub-region III of Seribu Islands Marine National Park
Authors: Yulianda F , Mazaya A F A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The carrying capacity analysis needs to be approved to control the impacts caused by marine tourism activities. Before the management related to limiting the number of tourists is carried out, an analysis of the carrying capacity potential is accepted to determine the maximum number of tourists who can conduct marine ecotourism. This paper aimed to analyze the potential carrying capacity and allocation of marine tourism tourists in sub-region III, the Taman Nasional Laut Kepulauan Seribu (TNLKpS – Seribu Islands Marine National Park). The research method used is tourism suitability analysis, carrying capacity analysis and Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis. Marine ecotourism in sub-region III TNLKpS is divided into two activities based on the distribution of coral reef resources used; snorkeling and diving. The area of coral reefs for snorkeling activities is 1,008,433.24 m2, while the area of coral reefs for diving activities is 2,766,593.80 m2 scattered in the waters of sub-region III TNLKpS. The potential carrying capacity for snorkeling and diving tourism activities is 3,752 and 9,814 people/day, respectively. This paper concludes that marine ecotourism in sub-region III TNLKpS can still be developed by applying the carrying capacity principle and setting spot tourism allocation per trip per day.
Stakeholders role in economy creative development of maritime culture in Alor Regency
Authors: Yuliaty C , Kurniasari N , Triyanti R , Zulham A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Culture-based creative economy development policies need to have a broader impact on the acceptance of benefits, by the community, local and central governments. Furthermore, these policies need the support of various stakeholders to determine their roles and functions. Therefore, this study examines each stakeholder’s roles and influences in the creative economy development based on the maritime culture in the Alor Regency. The snowball sampling method was used to obtain data from government, private, community, and non-governmental organizations. Besides, the analytical method used is descriptive and stakeholder analyzed comprising the mactor program (Matrix of Alliances and Conflicts: Tactics, Objectives, and Recommendations). The results showed that the main stakeholders that play important roles in the formulation of maritime culture-based creative economy development policies in the Alor Regency are the Industries Extensions, Cooperatives Small and Medium Enterprises Extensions, Empowerment Community Extensions, Fisheries Extensions, District Tourism Office, and Kabola Fishers Communication Forum. These stakeholders are achieved in collaboration with those with high power and interests and increase academics’ role as a part of Penta helix process.
Surface runoff of Bekasi River subwatershed
Authors: Yusuf S M , Nugroho S P , Effendi H , Prayoga G , Permadi T , Santoso E N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Watershed responses to the rainfall are affected by watershed characteristics, geology, soil and land use type. Land use type is dynamic as human activity. The changes in land use will effects surface runoff. More impervious area means more surface runoff generated to the downhill. The surface runoff transported nutrient and factory waste to the river that can affect the water quality. Thus, the objective of this research was to analyse surface runoff because of the land uses change in Bekasi River sub watershed. Surface runoff was analysed using SCS Curve Number and land use change data was generated using cross tabulation. The increase of settlement and agricultural land was noted in Bekasi River sub watershed for 2014-2019 periods. The land use change effected the increase of surface runoff approximately 3.69%.
Induced Mutations Using Gamma Ray and Multiplication of Plantlet through Micro Cross Section Culture of Banana (Musa acuminata cv. Berangan)
Authors: Hasim A A , Shamsiah A , Hussein S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The conventional breeding approach in banana was slow predominantly because of the limited genetic diversity, infertility and polyploid condition of the species. Induced mutation is one of the promising tools to create new varieties for the improvement of banana. While vitro propagation technique ensures a rapid and in an organized manner for production of banana. Thus, induced mutation using gamma ray in combination with in vitro culture micro cross section culture was conducted to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation on growth and development of plantlet of Musa acuminata cv. Berangan. Tissue cultured banana plantlet was used as the source of explant. The plantlet was cut into halved and radiated using gamma ray with the dose of 0 (control), 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60 and 80 Gy. The highest survival rate (23.33%) was recorded in treatment 10 Gy while the lowest survival (0.33%) was in treatment 80 Gy. The lethal dose (LD50) which had caused 50% mortality to the irradiated material was found to be 37 Gy. The morphological study on the growth of in vitro irradiated plantlets showed that 25 Gy induced a stimulation effect on the number of shoot produced (5.56), root number per explant (8.5) and root length (37.36 cm) compared to untreated banana explants (0 Gy). Hence, this study introduces the in vitro multiplication of gamma irradiated culture system for future breeding of a new varieties of banana.
The Analysis of Ergonomic Risk Factors Effecting Health Problem on Workers from Harvesting Activity in Oil Palm Plantation
Authors: Rozadi R , Fatin K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Oil palm plantation consists of several activities such as harvesting, manuring, and spraying are exposed to ergonomic problems in their routine work. Although many technology advances have been developed, harvesting process is still using manual tools and need strength, energy, skill, and technique which exposed to the high postural risk. The environment and work nature also hazardous to the workers can cause accidents and ergonomic pain. This study aimed to determine ergonomic risk factor such as worker’s attitude, training, skill and management that influence to high pain experience, identify the common accidents faced by workers during harvesting activity and determine the relationship between risk factor toward pain and accident experienced. This study was conducted on 44 workers who involved in harvesting activity at Pembangunan Pertanian Melaka Sdn Bhd. The data were collected through survey method using structural distribution questionnaires and the data analysis involved were descriptive analysis, regression analysis and correlation analysis. The result showed that the common accident and pain experienced by the workers was neck, shoulder and lower back. Besides, the result showed that the training is the main factor that contribute to the high pain experienced and accident. Correlation analysis was found that there a positive correlation between training and ergonomic risk factor since the p-value is 0.02 less than 0.05. As a conclusion, this study gives an advantage in the oil palm plantation sector in terms of safety and health for future planning to reduce ergonomic pain and indirectly help in improve workers productivity.
An Assessment of Comparative Advantage of Pineapple Production (Ananas comosus) among Smallholders in Johor, Malaysia
Authors: Suhaimi N H , Fatah F A 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPineapple is a tropical fruit that contains great nutritional values and fine flavor with high export potential and provide income generation for many smallholders in Malaysia. Despite its popular appeal, there is little empirical data on the costs and competitiveness of its production in Malaysia. The objective of study was to assess a comparative advantage of pineapple production in Johor using Policy Analysis Matrix Model. A sample of 191 farmers was selected through a random sampling technique in Johor. The study demonstrated that Malaysian smallholders particularly in Johor had strong comparative advantages in the production of pineapple. The findings showed that the Domestic Cost Ratio (DRC) value for pineapple was 0.94, suggesting pineapple smallholders generated private profits because their ratio implied that the value added per unit of product was larger than the value of domestic resources used to produce a unit of pineapple. Along with it, the SCB value was positive, which means at social price, smallholders were socially profitable and internationally competitive. To conclude, the article presents recommendations for potential enhancement of the viability of pineapple smallholders.
Determinants of Technical Efficiency Among Coconut Smallholder Production in Johor, Malaysia: A Cobb Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production Approach
Authors: Omar Z , Fatah F A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study highlights technical efficiency of crop production as an important aspect of pursuing output growth in agriculture and smallholders’ farming. Using a randomly selected sample of 152 smallholder coconut in Johor, Malaysia, a stochastic frontier production model was applied, using Cobb–Douglas production function to determine the production elasticity coefficients of inputs, technical efficiency and the determinants of efficiency. The study reveals that coconut production responds positively to increases in fertilizers, fungicides and the area planted. The study also found that transportation, education and experience were the significant determinants of technical efficiency. The technical efficiency analysis suggests that about 60% of smallholders in the sample are below 70% efficient and suggesting that opportunities still exist for increasing technical efficiency among smallholders through better use of existing resources and technology. The results highlight some recommendations in improving efficiency by promoting access to productive resources, education and more reliable transportation systems.
Public Concern for the Use of Backyard to Maintain the Environment and Food Security of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the City of Padang
Authors: Yanti N R , Putri I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has forced people to do activities from home. Activities from home make some people feel bored and will try new useful things. One way to reduce boredom is by farming around the house. In addition to filling spare time and the aesthetic added value of farming in the yard, being able to preserve the environment encourages programs to maintain food security. The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge and public awareness of the importance of protecting the environment and maintaining food security starting from small things, namely gardening around the yard. This research uses survey research methods, data collection through individuals or certain physical samples in order to generalize about what is being studied. The research data were obtained using a questionnaire. The results showed that There has been a change in people’s behavior in environmental concern in using the yard to encourage food security during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Effect of Acoustic Waves on the Growth and Productivity of Sawi Plants (Brassica Juncea L.)
Authors: Arlius F , Putri R E , Putri N S , Putri I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sonic bloom is an audio system that can stimulate the process of plant growth. This technology can help farmers, especially in areas with low water availability and poor soil conditions. Appropriate sonic bloom stimulation can affect plant metabolism at the cellular level and increase the size and number of stomata in each leaf, resulting in a rate of absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. This can be quickly seen in root growth, seed germination, plant growth, and yield. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of sound wave frequency and length of exposure on the quality and productivity of mustard plants. This research was conducted with an experimental method, and used factorial ANOVA with two treatments, namely: 1) Frequency (frequency 4000 Hz and frequency 5000 Hz); 2) Duration of exposure (1 hour/day, 2 hours/day and 3 hours / day). Based on the research that has been done, there is an effect of giving sound wave frequency on plant height growth, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width and harvest weight of plant. The effect of the growth rate of plants given sound wave frequency treatment is better in plants with a maximum frequency of 5000 Hz and for the best exposure time treatment is in plants with an hour treatment.
Performance Analysis of Fuzzy Logic Controller Applied on Portable Roaster
Authors: Radi  , Saragih E P , Pratama B , Fitri W K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Roaster is a device commonly used to roast various products, especially for food processing. In the roasting process, temperature parameter plays a major role in determining the final quality of the roasted product. In real-world applications, some products must be roasted at low temperatures such as cocoa products and others must be roasted at high temperatures such as coffee products. In addition, roasting is sometimes not always carried out at a constant temperature, but sometimes it must be done at various roasting temperature levels for the purpose of forming the optimal flavour. Thus, a roaster must be able to operate at the desired operating temperature, not only a constant operating temperature but also able to work with varying operating temperatures. For this purpose, a roaster must be equipped with a reliable temperature controller. Several control models have been developed by many researchers, including fuzzy logic control. This research was conducted to design, implement, and evaluate the performance of a control system based on fuzzy logic on a laboratory scale portable roaster. For this study, a fuzzy control system with two input variables, namely the difference in temperature and changes in temperature difference as well as one control signal output variable, had been designed to regulate the roasting temperature on the roaster. To evaluate its performance, the domain membership function of the input and output variables was varied. The design was then applied to the microcontroller-based control system hardware attached to the portable roaster. The test results show that the fuzzy logic control was able to regulate the roast temperature stably. With a varied roast temperature setpoint, the control system can follow and maintain the target with small temperature variation.
The Application of a Data Acquisition System and Airflow Control System in an Air Dehumidified Drying Machine
Authors: Susilo B , Hermanto M B , Damayanti R , Putra A I A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There are various possible drying methods used in seed drying. The tray dryer with an air dehumidifying system was used to produce various agricultural seeds. Seed drying by using an optimal air temperature requirement with low relative humidity can accelerate the drying process. To meet the specific drying requirement for agricultural products, air dehumidifying process, measurement data record, and airflow control were conducted in the drying machine. The objective of this research was to apply the data acquisition system and airflow control for seeds drying. The drying machine consisted of an air dehumidifying unit, data acquisition and airflow control unit, and a tray dryer unit. The air dehumidifying system was used to minimize the moisture in the drying air. The data acquisition system was used to monitor temperature and relative humidity distribution along with the drying machine. While the airflow control system was used to confirm that the requirement of air dehumidifying process was reached. A tray dryer used dehumidified air as the air input for the seed drying process. The drying machine was successfully reaching the optimal condition for drying with the temperature and relative humidity distribution were recorded. The optimal condition for the seed drying was reached by using this air dehumidified drying machine.
The Effects of Pyrolysis Temperature on Chemical Properties of Empty Fruit Bunch and Palm Kernel Shell Biochars
Authors: Hadi A R A , Norazlina A S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biochar is a valuable by-product which has a potential as a new soil amendment in improving soil fertility. However, the properties of biochar highly depend on the types of feedstock used and the pyrolysis condition. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of pyrolysis temperature on chemical properties of biochar derived from oil palm. Two types of biochars were produced from empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm kernel shell (PKS) by slow pyrolysis process applied at different levels of pyrolysis temperature (350, 500 and 750°C). The chemical properties of biochars such as pH, electricity conductivity (EC), total nutrients and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were determined. The adsorption capacities of cadmium on biochars also were investigated. The results showed that pH value, EC and total macronutrients for both EFB and PKS biochars increased with the increased of temperature. In contrast, CEC value decreased when pyrolysis temperature is increased. Biochar derived from EFB produced at 750°C showed the highest adsorption capacity of cadmium.
Design and Fabrication of Small-Scale Potato Peeling Machine with Lye Method
Authors: Sandra  , Damayanti R , Prayogi I Y , Basukesti A S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Peeling or removing the skin is one of the main post-harvest processes in fruits and vegetables. At present, most of the peeling of fruits and vegetables is done manually using sharp objects / knives. This method of peeling causes more fruit flesh to be wasted, especially fruits / vegetables with thin skins. Therefore, the design of a machine that can peel thin-skinned fruits / vegetables using the lye peeling method is needed. The purpose of this study was to design and fabrication a machine that can peel fruits and vegetables after the pre-treatment process of soaking in hot NaOH. The way this machine works is by spraying pressurized water on the fruit soaked in hot NaOH solution. In this study, the object was potatoes. Control of water pressure coming out of the nozzle is done using the pulse width modulation (PWM) method with a potentiometer. The treatments were carried out using three duty cycle values with the analogue input setting value on the microcontroller which resulted in three variations of water pressure coming out of the nozzle, namely: 60% (4.2038 Pa); 80% (5.6051 Pa); and 100% (7, 0065 Pa). Respectively for low, medium and high levels. Treatment concentrations of NaOH were 9%, 11% and 13%. The results obtained were the percentage of perfectly peeled skin close to 100% was obtained at 11% NaOH with a duty cycle value of 60% and 80%; and 13% NaOH with a duty cycle value of 80%. The calculation of the smallest percentage weight loss is 14.96% at 9% NaOH duty cycle 100% and the highest percentage weight loss is 35.89% at 13% NaOH 80% duty cycle.