bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Performance of Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: He Jingjing , Bi Yali , Zhang Yong , Lu Haodan , Fan Lihao , Zhao Kunlong , Wu Wenbo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As a new type of building material, fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) has been widely used in the field of construction engineering. Further analysis of the mechanism of discontinuous fiber improving concrete performance is the key to the preparation and rational application of high performance FRC. The mechanisms of crack resistance, tensile strength and bending resistance of discontinuous fiber reinforced concrete were analysed. The influence factors of fiber reinforced concrete performance were discussed. The results show that fiber length, fiber section shape, fiber volume fraction, fiber orientation and fiber length diameter ratio have significant effects on the performance of concrete. The existence of the fiber group effect leads to the increase of the critical volume fraction of the fiber. The improvement of the tensile strength of the composite was slow down, and it increased nonlinearly with the change of the volume fraction of the fiber. The utilization rate of the fiber decreased greatly. The fiber hybrid effect was the important factor affecting the improvement of concrete performance by fibers. The effective way of discontinuous fiber improving concrete performance is to reduce fiber group effect and use the positive fiber hybrid effect.
Research on Performance of BRA Modified Asphalt
Authors: Zhang Zhen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For estimating the performance indexes of Buton rock asphalt (BRA) modified asphalt and the influence of different Buton asphalt content on the property of BRA modified asphalt, an indoor pitch performance index experiment was carried out. The test study uses Buton asphalt as the modifier, and the percentage of Buton asphalt relative to the total asphalt is used as the mixing ratio (namely internal mixing method), with 5% as the interval, select 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% five blending ratios to prepare BRA modified pitch. In addition, related tests will be done on the prepared BRA modified asphalt, and the high temperature property, low temperature property and durability of Buton asphalt modified pitch were evaluated. The analysis of the test results shows that the function of the BRA modified asphalt prepared by adding the base asphalt to Buton asphalt has changed. With the increase of Buton asphalt content, the high temperature property of BRA modified asphalt is significantly improved, but the low temperature property decreases with the increase of the content, and the durability performance is roughly the same as that of the unmodified matrix asphalt.
Experimental Study on Cold Bending and Temperature Change of Toughened Glass
Authors: Zhang Xide , Yin Xiaoqi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to study the temperature strain of the insulating tempered glass under certain cold bending test, cold bending test and temperature test were carried out on the glass plate. Taking the self-made cold-formed steel frame as the tool and the hollow laminated tempered glass as the object, the cold bending test of the glass was carried out. The results show that the stress of each measuring point increases linearly with the increase of cold bending displacement, and the maximum principal stress appears at the end of the loader near the loading point of the outer sheet glass. The temperature changes test of the glass shows that the stress of each measuring point is linear with the increase in temperature difference. The results show that the maximum principal stress appears near the constrained angle steel on the displacement side of the upper edge of the outer sheet glass; the stress changes greatly during the short-term cooling test, and the tensile and compressive stresses transform each other. The internal stress produced by cold bending is coupled with the maximum principal stress produced by temperature load, and the maximum principal stress appears at the lower edge constraint of the loading displacement side.
Chloride Binding Capacity of Portland Cement System with Different Content of Tricalcium Aluminate
Authors: Liu Huaqing , Zhang Yan , Liu Jialong , Kong Sen , Feng Zixia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The binding of chloride ion has been reported as an effective way to reduce the risk of steel corrosion induced by the utilization of marine sources. In this study, effect of tricalcium aluminate (C3A) on chloride binding capacity of Portland cement paste was investigated; the setting time, compressive strength, and fluidity of cement-C3A system were also examined. The reaction mechanism of C3A and chloride ions was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that addition of C3A in cement paste could increase the compressive strength not only at the early age but also at the late age. The setting time was shortened obviously and the fluidity was reduced. The main reason was that fast hydration of C3A could hasten the formation of ettringite to consume free water, and also promote the hydration of the system. Furthermore, addition of C3A in cement paste could greatly promote the chloride binding capacity, and the main reason was due to the promoted formation of FS in hydrates. The investigation was expected to provide experience in promoting the chloride binding capacity of cement system.
The Controllable Turbulence Generator Based on Piezoelectric Actuation and Its Mechanical Performance Analysis
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhou Shichen , Zhou Bo , Xue Shifeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Piezoelectric material is a kind of material that can perform electric-force conversion. Various actuators made of its inverse piezoelectric effect have been widely used in intelligent structures. In this paper, a piezoelectric actuated turbulence generator is designed, the design concept and working principle are introduced, the mechanical behavior of the piezoelectric structure is analyzed by using the finite element method, and the influence of electrical load on the deformation of the piezoelectric structure along different directions is considered. This paper can provide some theoretical basis for the design and analysis of turbulence generator.
Electroelastic Analysis of Fiber Reinforced Piezoelectric Composite Beam based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Ma Xiao , Zhou Bo , Xue Shifeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Piezoelectric composites have been increasingly used in engineering structures due to their excellent flexibility, durability and robustness to damage. In this paper, the electroelastic behaviors of the fiber reinforced piezoelectric composite (FRPC) beam are analyzed by the finite element method. The stress, vertical displacement and electric potential of the FRPC beam subjected to a uniform load are studied. The effect of the fiber volume fraction on the electroelastic behaviors of the FRPC beam is discussed in detail. The results reveal that the stress is independent of the fiber volume fraction, but the fiber volume fraction has a great influence on the vertical displacement and electric potential. The results obtained in the present paper may be useful references for the application and design of the piezoelectric actuators and sensors.
Polarization singularity analysis of Mueller-matrix invariants of optical anisotropy of biological tissues samples in cancer diagnostics
Authors: Ushenko V O , Trifonyuk L , Ushenko Y A , Dubolazov O V , Gorsky M P , Ushenko A G 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
An approach of azimuthally invariant Mueller-matrix description of the formation of polarization singularities networks of object fields of optically anisotropic biological tissues is proposed. The main formation scenarios of the topological polarization-singular structure of the boundary field of networks of optically anisotropic cylinders are determined by means of computer simulation. In order to assess the polarization-singular structure of the object field of real biological tissues, an original Mueller-matrix method of statistical analysis of the number of L and C points has been developed.
Review on the recent progress in the development of fluorescent probes targeting enzymes
Authors: Rajapaksha Asanka Amith , Fu Yi-Xuan , Guo Wu Yingzheng , Liu Shi-Yu , Li Zhi-Wen , Xiong Cui-Qin , Yang Wen-Chao , Yang Guang-Fu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEnzymes are very important for biological processes in a living being, performing similar or multiple tasks in and out of cells, tissues and other organisms at a particular location. The abnormal activity of particular enzyme usually caused serious diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis etc. Hence, nondestructive and real-time visualization for certain enzyme is very important for understanding the biological issues, as well as the drug administration and drug metabolism. Fluorescent cellular probe-based enzyme detectionin vitroandin vivohas become broad interest for human disease diagnostics and therapeutics. This review highlights the recent findings and designs of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent cellular probes targeting enzymes for quantitative analysis and bioimaging.
Traps at the hBN/WSe2 interface and their impact on polarity transition in WSe2
Authors: Ali Fida , Ahmed Faisal , Taqi Muhammad , Mitta Sekhar Babu , Ngo Tien Dat , Eom Deok Joon , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Kim Hyoungsub , Hwang Euyheon , Yoo Won Jong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials-based devices usually exhibit inferior electrical performance compared to their theoretical predictions, which is mainly attributed to the presence of high density of interfacial defect induced trap states within the bandgap of 2D materials. It is pertinent to control the density of interface traps (D
it) and identify their respective energy levels inside the band gap of the 2D materials to understand the tailored device performance. Here, we report the large modulation of D
it by electrical gating and varying the channel thickness of tungsten diselenide (WSe2) placed on ultra-clean hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) gate insulator in a metal–insulator–semiconductor structure, which is revealed by performing multi-frequency capacitance and conductance measurements. Analysis of the 2D hBN/WSe2 interface reveals that with the increase of WSe2 thickness, D
it at the midgap of WSe2 is reduced to 6 × 109 cm−2 eV−1, which is less than D
it reported for SiO2/Si interface (∼1010 cm−2 eV−1). Furthermore, by increasing thickness and applying gate voltage, D
it distribution is systematically modulated inside the WSe2 band gap from valence band edge to mid-gap to conduction band edge, thereby changing the Fermi level of WSe2, and inducing versatile device polarity. Our results show that D
it and its spatial energy distribution within the thickness tailored WSe2 band gap primarily control polarity modulation in WSe2.
Moiré phonons in twisted MoSe2–WSe2 heterobilayers and their correlation with interlayer excitons
Authors: Parzefall Philipp , Holler Johannes , Scheuck Marten , Beer Andreas , Lin Kai-Qiang , Peng Bo , Monserrat Bartomeu , Nagler Philipp , Kempf Michael , Korn Tobias , Schüller Christian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We report about the investigation of twisted MoSe2 homo- and MoSe2–WSe2 heterobilayers by means of low-frequency Raman spectroscopy (LFRS) and low-temperature micro photoluminescence (µPL). In room-temperature LFRS experiments on both, twisted MoSe2 homobilayers and twisted MoSe2–WSe2 heterobilayers, we observe moiré phonons, i.e. folded acoustic phonon modes due to the moiré superlattice. In the heterobilayers, we can identify moiré phonons of both materials, MoSe2 and WSe2. While the twist angles for the homobilayers are relatively precisely known from the applied tear-and-stack preparation method, the twist angles of the heterobilayers have to be determined via second-harmonic-generation microscopy on monolayer regions of the samples, which has significant uncertainties. We show that by the moiré phonons of the heterobilayers, the relative twist angles can be determined on a local scale with much higher precision. We apply our technique for the investigation of a large area H-type (twist angle θ = 60∘ + δ) MoSe2–WSe2 heterobilayer. These investigations show that spatial regions, which can be identified to be atomically reconstructed (i.e. δ = 0∘) by the observation of an interlayer shear mode in LFRS experiments, exhibit a strong, momentum-allowed interlayer-exciton signal in low-temperature µPL. On the contrary, regions, where moiré phonons are observed, i.e. which can be identified to be rigidly twisted by a misalignment angle in the range of

5
°

≲
|
δ
|
≲

6
°

, exhibit no significant interlayer-exciton signals.
The role of flexural coupling in heat dissipation from a two-dimensional layered material to its hexagonal boron nitride substrate
Authors: Ong Zhun-Yong , Zhang Gang , Zhang Yong-Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Understanding the limits of phononic heat dissipation from a two-dimensional layered material (2DLM) to its hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrate and how it varies with the structure of the 2DLM is important for the design and thermal management of h-BN-supported nanoelectronic devices. We formulate an elasticity-based theory to model the phonon-mediated heat dissipation between a 2DLM and its h-BN substrate. By treating the h-BN substrate as a semi-infinite stack of harmonically coupled thin plates, we obtain semi-analytical expressions for the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) and interfacial phonon transmission spectrum. We evaluate the temperature-dependent TBC of the N-layer 2DLM (graphene or MoS2) on different common substrates (h-BN vs. a-SiO2) at different values of N. The results suggest that h-BN is substantially more effective for heat dissipation from MoS2 than a-SiO2 especially at large N. To understand the limitations of the our stack model, we also compare its predictions in the

N
=
∞

limit to those of the more exact atomistic Green’s function model for the graphite–BN and molybdenite–BN interfaces. Our stack model provides clear insights into the key role of the flexural modes in the TBC and how the anisotropic elastic properties of h-BN affect heat dissipation.
Graphene quantum dots as shallow traps in a high-k polymer matrix for bipolar resistive switching
Authors: Liu Yiwen , Wang Yongfei , Li Xiao , Hu Zhizhi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have broad applications in electronic and photonic devices. As a typical zero-dimensional material, a GQD has a stronger quantum confinement effect than do two-dimensional graphene or one-dimensional graphene nanoribbons, and provide efficient charge trapping sites, which are useful in nonvolatile memory devices. Here, we report the fabrication of 30-nm-thick GQD-blended high-k polymer cyanoethylated pullulan (CEP) thin films sandwiched between an Al top electrode and an indium tin oxide (ITO) bottom electrode. Bipolar resistive switching behavior was observed with a low onset (−1.7 V) and offset (1.3 V) voltages. The resistive switching behavior originates from shallow traps that induce space-charge-limited current conduction. The morphology, crystallinity and photoluminescence of the GQDs were also studied by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The CEP/GQD blended films may have applications in nonvolatile resistive memory devices.
The 2021 flexible and printed electronics roadmap
Authors: Bonnassieux Yvan , Brabec Christoph J , Cao Yong , Carmichael Tricia Breen , Chabinyc Michael L , Cheng Kwang-Ting , Cho Gyoujin , Chung Anjung , Cobb Corie L , Distler Andreas , Egelhaaf Hans-Joachim , Grau Gerd , Guo Xiaojun , Haghiashtiani Ghazaleh , Huang Tsung-Ching , Hussain Muhammad M , Iniguez Benjamin , Lee Taik-Min , Li Ling , Ma Yuguang , Ma Dongge , McAlpine Michael C , Ng Tse Nga , Österbacka Ronald , Patel Shrayesh N , Peng Junbiao , Peng Huisheng , Rivnay Jonathan , Shao Leilai , Steingart Daniel , Street Robert A , Subramanian Vivek , Torsi Luisa , Wu Yunyun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This roadmap includes the perspectives and visions of leading researchers in the key areas of flexible and printable electronics. The covered topics are broadly organized by the device technologies (sections 1–9), fabrication techniques (sections 10–12), and design and modeling approaches (sections 13 and 14) essential to the future development of new applications leveraging flexible electronics (FE). The interdisciplinary nature of this field involves everything from fundamental scientific discoveries to engineering challenges; from design and synthesis of new materials via novel device design to modelling and digital manufacturing of integrated systems. As such, this roadmap aims to serve as a resource on the current status and future challenges in the areas covered by the roadmap and to highlight the breadth and wide-ranging opportunities made available by FE technologies.
Formation of superscar waves in plane polygonal billiards*
Authors: Bogomolny Eugene 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Polygonal billiards constitute a special class of models. Though they have zero Lyapunov exponent their classical and quantum properties are involved due to scattering on singular vertices with angles

≠
π

/

n

with integer n. It is demonstrated that in the semiclassical limit the multiple singular scattering on such vertices, when optical boundaries of many scatters overlap, leads to the vanishing of quantum wave functions along straight lines built by these scatters. This phenomenon has an especially important consequence for polygonal billiards where periodic orbits (when they exist) form pencils of parallel rays restricted from the both sides by singular vertices. Due to the singular scattering on boundary vertices, waves propagated inside a periodic orbit pencil tend in the semiclassical limit to zero along pencil boundaries thus forming weakly interacting quasi-modes. Contrary to scars in chaotic systems, the discussed quasi-modes in polygonal billiards become almost exact for high-excited states and for brevity they are designated as superscars. Many pictures of eigenfunctions for a triangular billiard and a barrier billiard which have clear superscar structures are presented in the paper. Special attention is given to the development of quantitative methods of detecting and analysing such superscars. In particular, it is demonstrated that the overlap between superscar waves associated with a fixed periodic orbit and eigenfunctions of a barrier billiard is distributed according to the Breit-Wigner distribution typical for weakly interacting quasi-modes. For special sub-class of rational polygonal billiards called Veech polygons where all periodic orbits can be calculated analytically it is argued and checked numerically that their eigenfunctions are fractal in the Fourier space.
Controlling mid-infrared plasmons in graphene nanostructures through post-fabrication chemical doping
Authors: Paulillo Bruno , Bareza Nestor Jr , Pruneri Valerio 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Engineering the doping level in graphene nanostructures to yield controlled and intense localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is fundamental for their practical use in applications such as molecular sensing for point of care or environmental monitoring. In this work, we experimentally study how chemical doping of graphene nanostructures using ethylene amines affects their mid-infrared plasmonic response following the induced change in electrical transport properties. Combining post-fabrication silanization and amine doping allows to prepare the surface to support a strong LSPR response at zero bias. These findings pave the way to design highly doped graphene LSPR surfaces for infrared sensors operating in real environments.
Programmable surface anisotropy from polarization-driven azopolymer reconfiguration
Authors: Salvatore Marcella , Borbone Fabio , Reda Francesco , Maddalena Pasqualino , Oscurato Stefano Luigi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The ability to accurately realize complex textures is of great relevance for tailoring surface-driven functionalities as wettability, adhesion and light diffraction. The fabrication of superficial micro-textures, in a simple and cost-effective way, is high desiderable in this framework. A versatile technique for surface micropatterning is based on reconfiguration of photosensitive azobenzene-containing polymers, in which a macroscopic light-induced motion of polymer chains, fueled by the photo-isomerizing azobenzene molecules, allows the controlled optical reshaping of prestructured superficial micro-textures. Here, azopolymer surfaces, prepatterned with an array of discrete cylindrical micropillars, are reconfigured through a polarization-driven large-scale surface deformation until achieving superficial gratings with programmable amplitude, orientation and periodicity. The high degree of structural surface anisotropy, the possibility to program the directionality of such anisotropy from the reconfiguration of basic pristine surfaces, and the simplicity of the optical setup, make the proposed structuration method attractive for versatile and cost-effective surface patterning.
An investigation of efficient muon production for use in muon catalyzed fusion
Authors: Spencer Kelly R , Hart Lucy J F , Rose Steven J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We model the energy cost of producing muons for use in muon catalyzed fusion and show that by careful design the cost can be reduced by a factor of 2.5 below current values. This is done by recapturing the kinetic energy of waste particles and generating heat through tritium breeding. When put together with the modeling of muon catalyzed fusion we estimate that electrical output/electrical input of 14% can be achieved currently.