bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung Ultrasound Assessment of Focal and Non-focal Lung Morphology in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Pierrakos Charalampos , Smit Marry R. , Pisani Luigi , Paulus Frederique , Schultz Marcus J. , Constantin Jean-Michel , Chiumello Davide , Mojoli Francesco , Mongodi Silvia , Bos Lieuwe D. J. 
Published: September 2021

Background: The identification of phenotypes based on lung morphology can be helpful to better target mechanical ventilation of individual patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to assess the accuracy of lung ultrasound (LUS) methods for classification of lung morphology in critically ill ARDS patients under mechanical ventilation.Methods: This was a post hoc analysis on two prospective studies that performed LUS and chest computed tomography (CT) scanning at the same time. Expert panels from the two participating centers separately developed two LUS methods for classifying lung morphology based on LUS aeration scores from a 12-region exam (Amsterdam and Lombardy method). Moreover, a previously developed LUS method based on anterior LUS scores was tested (Piedmont method). Sensitivity and specificity of all three LUS methods was assessed in the cohort of the other center(s) by using CT as the gold standard for classification of lung morphology.Results: The Amsterdam and Lombardy cohorts consisted of 32 and 19 ARDS patients, respectively. From these patients, 23 (45%) had focal lung morphology while others had non-focal lung morphology. The Amsterdam method could classify focal lung morphology with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 100%, while the Lombardy method had a sensitivity and specificity of 100 and 61%. The Piedmont method had a sensitivity and specificity of 91 and 75% when tested on both cohorts. With both the Amsterdam and Lombardy method, most patients could be classified based on the anterior regions alone.Conclusion: LUS-based methods can accurately classify lung morphology in invasively ventilated ARDS patients compared to gold standard chest CT. The anterior LUS regions showed to be the most discriminant between focal and non-focal lung morphology, although accuracy increased moderately when lateral and posterior LUS regions were integrated in the method.
Runoff Losses in Nitrogen and Phosphorus From Paddy and Maize Cropping Systems: A Field Study in Dongjiang Basin, South China
Authors: Zeng Feifan , Zuo Zheng , Mo Juncheng , Chen Chengyu , Yang Xingjian , Wang Jinjin , Wang Yi , Zhao Zhongqiu , Chen Tianyi , Li Yongtao , Zhang Zhen , Hu Zheng , Xu Huijuan 
Published: September 2021

Graphical AbstractThe experimental location and setup details.
Functional and Mood Outcomes in Bipolar Disorder Patients With and Without Substance Use Disorders Undergoing Psychotherapy
Authors: Moot William , Crowe Marie , Inder Maree , Eggleston Kate , Frampton Christopher , Porter Richard 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Research suggests that patients with co-morbid bipolar disorder (BD) and substance use disorder (SUD) have a poorer illness course and clinical outcome. The evidence is limited as SUD patients are often excluded from BD studies. In particular, evidence regarding long term outcomes from studies using psychotherapies as an adjunctive treatment is limited. We therefore examined data from two studies of Interpersonal Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT) for BD to determine whether lifetime or current SUD affected outcomes.Methods: Data were analyzed from two previous clinical trials of IPSRT for BD patients. Change in scores on the Social Adjustment Scale (SAS) from 0 to 78 weeks and cumulative mood scores from 0 to 78 weeks, measured using the Life Interval Follow-Up Evaluation (LIFE), were analyzed.Results: Of 122 patients (non-SUD n = 67, lifetime SUD but no current n = 43, current SUD n = 12), 79 received IPSRT and 43 received a comparison therapy—specialist supportive care—over 18 months. Lifetime SUD had a significant negative effect on change in SAS score but not LIFE score. There was no effect of current SUD on either change in score. Secondary analysis showed no correlation between symptom count and change in SAS total score or LIFE score.Conclusion: Current SUD has no impact on mood or functional outcomes, however, current SUD numbers were small, limiting conclusions. Lifetime SUD appears to be associated with impaired functional outcomes from psychotherapy. There is limited research on co-morbid BD and SUD patients undergoing psychotherapy.
Psychometric Properties of the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5: Findings From Family Members of Chinese Healthcare Workers During the Outbreak of COVID-19
Authors: Cheng Peng , Jasinski Nicholas , Zheng Wanhong , Yadava Aradhita , Wang Lirong , Li Lingjiang , Xu Lizhi , Zhou Ying , Zhang Li , Li WeiHui 
Published: September 2021

Background: Minimal research has examined utility of PC-PTSD-5 in family members of frontline medical workers. The aims of our study were to develop and elucidate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the PC-PTSD-5 and to determine its usefulness in screening for possible PTSD in relatives of Chinese healthcare workers during the COVID-19.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional research in the relatives of medical staffs working in a general hospital during the COVID-19. Descriptive analysis was used to characterize demographic information of family members to find factors associated with PTSD symptoms. For reliability test, the internal consistency of PC-PTSD-5 was accessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. A validity test was assessed by Pearson's correlation between scales. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the optimal cutoff score with the maximum Youden Index in this study.Results: The result of demographic information indicated that gender and the type of work undertaken by medical staff in the family have a potential impact on the PTSD symptoms of medical staff's family members. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of PC-PTSD-5 was 0.83, indicating the high reliability. Good validity was also demonstrated by Pearson coefficient. By calculating the Youden index, a cutoff score of 2 was found to be optimal in our study, with sensitivity of 80.74% and specificity of 88.43%.Conclusions: Our study has demonstrated the robust psychometric strengths of the PC-PTSD-5, introducing a reliable tool for screening PTSD among vulnerable and neglected families of these medical workers.
The Mechanism of Human Connectedness in Relationship to Physical Health, Mental Health, and Cognitive Function Among the Elderly in Rural China
Authors: Xu Shicun , Wang Yuanyuan , Yu Hui 
Published: September 2021

Background: Elderly people face particular challenges in their everyday lives, and these are likely to be caused by physical health, mental health, cognitive function, and lack of maintaining a connection to other people. This study aims to explore a meaningful measure of human connectedness among the elderly in rural China and to examine the extent to which it impacts elderly people's physical and mental health as well as their cognitive function.Methods: Survey data were collected from 483 participants who were aged 60 and older in northeast rural China. The outcome variables included cognitive function, which was assessed by the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire; depressive symptoms, which were measured by the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; and the participants' physical health, which was assessed by a 15-item checklist. On the other hand, human connectedness was constructed by perceived family support, which was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; the sense of community, which was measured by the Brief Sense of Community Scale; and the satisfaction of connectedness with others (i.e., with family members and friends).Results: Structural equation modeling analysis confirms that perceived family support, community feelings, and perceived satisfactory connections with family and friends constitute a sufficient representation of human connectedness. Moreover, human connectedness also significantly predicted one's mental and physical well-being as well as cognitive function (b = 0.11, SD = 0.02, β = 0.50, p &lt; 0.001; model fitting indexes X(16)2 = 17.27, p = 0.368, CFI = 0.998, and RMSEA = 0.013).Conclusion: The present study is the first attempt to explore the latent structure of human connectedness and its positive impact on cognitive function as well as physical and mental health among elderly people. The implications and the importance of fostering a stronger social support network, especially for the aging population, are discussed.
Linking the Scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment 5-min and the interRAI Cognitive Performance Scale in Older Adults With Mild Physical or Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Andersson Björn , Luo Hao , Wong Gloria H. Y. , Lum Terry Y. S. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Bridging scores generated from different cognitive assessment tools is necessary to efficiently track changes in cognition across the continuum of care. This study linked scores from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-5 min (MoCA 5-min) to the interRAI cognitive Performance Scale (CPS), commonly adopted tools in clinical and long-term care settings, respectively.Methods: We included individual-level data from persons who participated in a home- and community-based care program for older people with mild impairment in Hong Kong. The program used the interRAI-Check Up instrument for needs assessment and service matching between 2017 and 2020. Each participant's cognitive performance was assessed using CPS, CPS Version 2 (CPS2), and MoCA 5-min. We performed equipercentile linking with bivariate log-linear smoothing to establish equivalent scores between the two scales.Results: 3,543 participants had valid data on both scales; 66% were female and their average age was 78.9 years (SD = 8.2). The mean scores for MoCA 5-min, CPS, and CPS2 were 18.5 (SD = 5.9), 0.7 (SD = 0.7), and 1.3 (SD = 1.1), respectively. A CPS or CPS2 score of 0 (intact cognition) corresponds to MoCA 5-min scores of 24 and 25, respectively. At the higher end, a CPS score of 3 (moderately impaired) and a CPS2 score of 5 (moderately impaired Level-2) corresponded to MoCA 5-min scores of 0 and 1, respectively. The linking functions revealed the floor and ceiling effects that exist for the different scales, with CPS and CPS2 measuring more-severe cognitive impairment while the MoCA 5-min was better suited to measure mild impairment.Conclusions: We provided score conversions between MoCA 5-min and CPS/CPS2 within a large cohort of Hong Kong older adults with mild physical or cognitive impairment. This enabled continuity in repeated assessment with different tools and improved comparability of cognitive scores generated from different tools from diverse populations and research cohorts.
Prevalence and Clinical Correlation of Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth in Elderly Inpatients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Yang Mi , Li Qiwen , Deng Chijun , Yao Gang , Bai Xue , Tan Xi , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a mental disease with a profound impact on human health. Patients with schizophrenia have poor oral hygiene, increasing their risk of systemic diseases, such as respiratory infections, and declining their quality of life. Therefore, this study aims to assess the oral health status of inpatients with schizophrenia, analyze its related factors, and thus provide scientific evidence for further exploration of corresponding control strategies.Methods: A total of 425 inpatients older than 50 years with a diagnosis of schizophrenia from two psychiatric hospitals (mean age 58.49 ± 5.72 years) were enrolled. The demographic data of the patients were checked on admission. Two independent dentists examined caries, missing teeth, and fillings. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Global Deterioration Scale were performed as cognitive tests. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status rating scale were used to determine their mental status.Results: The average decayed, missing, and filled teeth index was 12.99 ± 8.86. Linear regression analysis showed that the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index had a significantly positive relationship with age (p &lt; 0.001) and smoking (p &lt; 0.001) and a negative relationship with MMSE (p = 0.029). The missing teeth index had a positive relationship with age (p &lt; 0.001), smoking (p &lt; 0.001), and Global Deterioration Scale (p = 0.014) and a negative relationship with MMSE (p = 0.004).Conclusion: The oral health of elderly patients with schizophrenia is poor, which may be related to the cognitive level of patients and affect their quality of life. The focus should be provided to the oral care of patients with schizophrenia, and investment in their specialized oral treatment should be increased.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on Mental Well-Being of Norwegian Adolescents During the First Wave—Socioeconomic Position and Gender Differences
Authors: Myhr Arnhild , Naper Linn Renée , Samarawickrema Indira , Vesterbekkmo Renate K. 
Published: September 2021

Background:The lockdowns associated with the COVID-19 pandemic has been called a crisis in mental health, and adolescents may have been among the most affected. Comparing the first period of societal lockdown in spring 2020 to periods going back to 2014 using a rich cross-sectional dataset based on repeated surveys, we explore the potential changes in self-reported mental well-being across sociodemographic groups among Norway's adolescents.Methods:Norway closed schools and implemented strict restrictions in March 2020; an electronic questionnaire survey was distributed to lower secondary school students in Trøndelag county (N= 2,443) in May 2020. Results were compared with similar surveys conducted annually in the same county dating back to 2014. Logistic regression models were applied to investigate potential changes in depressive symptoms, loneliness, and quality of life and life satisfaction, and to detect possible differences in the impact of lockdown between the genders and socioeconomic groups.Results:The prevalence of boys and girls reporting high quality of life (43–34%; 23–16%) and life satisfaction (91–80%; 82–69%) decreased significantly compared to the pre-pandemic. For girls only, lockdown was associated with higher odds for reporting high depressive symptoms. As expected, the least privileged socioeconomic groups showed the greatest psychological distress. However, our trend analyses provided no evidence that the socioeconomic inequalities in psychological distress (according to prevalence of high depressive symptoms or loneliness) changed substantial in any direction during the first wave of the pandemic [between the pre-pandemic and inter-pandemic periods].Conclusion:Adolescents are vulnerable, and interventions should provide them with mental health support during crises such as societal lockdown. In particular, the social and health policy, public health, and further research should target these least privileged groups.
Classification of Septic Shock Phenotypes Based on the Presence of Hypotension and Hyperlactatemia in Cats
Authors: Troia Roberta , Buzzurra Francesca , Ciuffoli Elena , Mascalzoni Giulia , Foglia Armando , Magagnoli Ilaria , Dondi Francesco , Giunti Massimo 
Published: September 2021

Background: Three different phenotypes of septic shock based on changes in blood pressure and lactate are recognized in people. Dysoxic shock, representing the combination of fluid-refractory hypotension and hyperlactatemia, is characterized by greater disease severity and mortality compared to cryptic shock (hyperlactatemia alone) and vasoplegic shock (hypotension with normal blood lactate). Little is known about septic shock and specifically its phenotypes in cats.Objective: To analyze the characteristics and prognostic implications of three septic shock phenotypes in cats with sepsis.Methods: Cats with septic shock were prospectively included. Septic shock was defined by the presence of hypotension (mean blood pressure &lt;60 mmHg) requiring vasopressor support and/or persistent hyperlactatemia (&gt;4 mmol/L) and classified in three subgroups: dysoxic shock, vasoplegic shock and cryptic shock. Clinical and clinicopathological variables including APPLEfast and APPLEfull scores, occurrence of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS; presence of at least two dysfunctional organs simultaneously) and outcome were compared among subgroups. Cats with sepsis showing normal blood pressure and lactate concentrations hospitalized during the study period were included as uncomplicated sepsis, and compared to cats with septic shock for selected variables. Length of hospital stay and mortality were evaluated in the whole study population. Odds ratios for mortality were calculated using logistic regression analysis. Significance was set at P &lt; 0.05.Results: The study enrolled 48 cats with uncomplicated sepsis and 37 cats with septic shock (dysoxic shock n = 17; vasoplegic shock n = 11; cryptic shock n = 7). Cats with dysoxic shock had significantly higher APPLEfast and APPLEfull scores compared to vasoplegic and cryptic shock. Mortality rates were not significantly different among cryptic (57%), dysoxic (65%) and vasoplegic shock (91%), while MODS occurrence was significantly lower in cats with cryptic shock (57%) compared to patients affected by dysoxic (94%) and vasoplegic (100%) shock. Cats with septic shock had higher frequency of MODS and greater mortality rate than cats with uncomplicated sepsis.Conclusion: Despite similar in-hospital mortality, cats with dysoxic and vasoplegic shock are characterized by having higher occurrence of multi- organ dysfunction compared to cats affected by cryptic shock. Results from this study suggest novel means of identifying high-risk subgroups of septic cats.
COMO INSTAURAR PARA SI UMA BUFONA-CIBORGUE-BIXA?
Authors: Silva Matheus 
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo tem o interesse em traçar uma cartografia que visa engendrar os dispositivos teóricos do processo de criação performativa da ação que realizo enquanto performer, “O corpo desembestado de AdivinhaaDiva”, que ocupa distintos espaços arquitetônicos explorando as fronteiras entre filosofia e arte da performance. Tal investigação almeja configurar a noção de “corpo desembestado”, a partir do cruzamento dos estudos dos conceitos filosóficos de “movimentos aberrantes”, de David Lapoujade e “desrazão”, de Peter Pál Pelbart, “Inquietude de si”, de Cassiano Sydow Quilici; “instauração”, comentado por Peter Pál Pelbart, “devir-animal” e “esgotamento”, de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, para compreender o processo de fazer existir uma “bufona-ciborgue-bixa”; bufona, conforme Joaquim Elias, o ciborgue e a “bixa”, de acordo com Donna Haraway, Paul B. Preciado e Paco Vidarte. Trata-se de diagramar os dispositivos teórico-práticos do processo de criação performática que experimento para configurar a noção de “corpo desembestado”, explanando sobre sua potência de instaurar uma existência “bufona-ciborgue-bixa”, capaz de gerar acontecimentos artísticos aqui, ali, em qualquer lugar.
RELAÇÕES MADURAS PARA DIÁLOGOS SAUDÁVEIS: O QUE A FILOSOFIA TEM COM ISSO?
Authors: Dantas Maria Adriana Alves Dantas Adriana 
Published: September 2021

Pensar na pandemia como um fenômeno gerador de problemas, pode ser um caminho para descobertas de janelas histórias e respostas às novas formas de pensar e agir das futuras gerações, e o que a filosofia tem a ver com tudo isso? Visto que no entendimento de Deleuze, o papel do filósofo é o de criar conceitos, relações e não apenas de contempla-los. Diante disso e do atual contexto mundial, se faz cada vez mais urgente que a filosofia esteja a serviço da humanidade, perto do povo, em busca de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária e isso só é possível quando se caminha ao lado da arte, ciência... E tem base concreta, real.
LITERATURA, ABERTURAS, VARIAÇÕES COM GÊNEROS E SEXUALIDADES: MANIFESTO POR UMA EDUCAÇÃO EM BIOLOGIA MENOR
Authors: Santos Sandro Prado , Martins Matheus Moura , Da Silva Fabrício Aparecido Gomes 
Published: September 2021

A proposta é apresentar possibilidades de leituras dos territórios da educação em biologia atravessadas com a estética poética de Manoel de Barros, com a criação dos conceitos de educação em biologia menore maiora partir das composições daobra “Kafka: por uma literatura menor” (DELEUZE; GUATTARI, 2015), com os deslocamentos do conceito “menor”no campo educacional (GALLO, 2016), bem como a insurgência de uma experimentação-manifesto com usos menoresna educação em biologia. Essas alianças fizeram re-nascer outros encontros, sensações, expressões, inter(in)venções e políticas com a educação em biologia, nos engajando e conjugando com processos que minoram os modos majoritários das discussões de gênero e sexualidade que circulam nesse campo. Com isso, esperamos que esse texto-máquina instigue leitores/as a se debruçarem, também, nas travessuras de visibilizar outras linhas que fissuram tentativas totalitárias de uso maior nos territórios da educação em biologia.
La lectura como experiencia humana, pedagógica e intercultural
Authors: Vila Merino Eduardo S. 
Published: September 2021

Este texto pretende sugerir y representar surcos narrativos, es decir, formas de contar desde la reflexión y la emoción algunas implicaciones del valor pedagógico de lo narrativo, aderezadas con una visión de la lectura como proceso experiencial donde la alteridad se torna en eje que le da sentido y, seguramente, significado, trasladando el protagonismo hacia el lector o lectora frente al texto. Tener en cuenta esto nos conduce a la consideración sustantiva de la lengua como hacedora de seres culturales y como un espacio de tránsito, es decir, donde transitar y, por tanto, espacio desde y donde aprender a ser cada vez más humanos, ya que en ese tropos: «Las emociones alcanzan su carácter cualitativo al ser contextualizadas en la realidad social que las produce» (Bruner, 1988, p. 119). Finalmente, un aviso a navegantes (lectoras y lectores): en todo el texto, intencionadamente, lo narrativo se funde en lo identitario y la lectura juega, simbióticamente, con la lectura del mundo al estilo freireano, se hace una en cierto sentido con ella, se fusiona sin perder identidad, o al menos sin pretenderlo, porque ambas nos humanizan.