bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forest edges negatively influence daily nest survival rates of a grassland Tinamou, the Spotted Nothura (Nothura maculosa)
Authors: Colombo M.A. , Segura L.N. 
Published: April 2021

Grassland degradation and fragmentation produced by land use have globally impacted biodiversity. In the Neotropics, the Pampas Grasslands have been greatly altered by agriculture and the introduction of exotic trees. To evaluate the effects of changing habitat features on indigenous grassland fauna, we studied a breeding population of a ground-nesting bird, the Spotted Nothura (Nothura maculosa (Temminck, 1815)), in a natural grassland under cattle grazing in central-east Argentina. We estimated daily nest survival rate (DSR) and modeled it as a function of habitat (distance to habitat edges, cattle density, and nest concealment) and temporal factors. Of the 80 nests found, 64 (80%) failed, predation being the principal cause of failure. DSR was 0.874, estimating a cumulative survival of only 6.8% throughout egg laying and incubation. DSR increased with distance to continuous forests and decreased with nest age. Nests located near forest edges could have increased predation risk because they are potentially exposed to forest-dwelling predators in addition to grassland-dependent predators. Considering the low success found and the ongoing invasion of exotic trees in the region, we encourage governments to protect large areas of grassland to ensure adequate nest success for Tinamous and other ground-nesting birds.
Clinical Acquired Resistance to KRASG12C Inhibition through a Novel KRAS Switch-II Pocket Mutation and Polyclonal Alterations Converging on RAS–MAPK Reactivation
Authors: Tanaka Noritaka , Lin Jessica J. , Li Chendi , Ryan Meagan B. , Zhang Junbing , Kiedrowski Lesli A. , Michel Alexa G. , Syed Mohammed U. , Fella Katerina A. , Sakhi Mustafa , Baiev Islam , Juric Dejan , Gainor Justin F. , Klempner Samuel J. , Lennerz Jochen K. , Siravegna Giulia , Bar-Peled Liron , Hata Aaron N. , Heist Rebecca S. , Corcoran Ryan B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMutant-selective KRASG12C inhibitors, such as MRTX849 (adagrasib) and AMG 510 (sotorasib), have demonstrated efficacy in KRASG12C-mutant cancers, including non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, mechanisms underlying clinical acquired resistance to KRASG12C inhibitors remain undetermined. To begin to define the mechanistic spectrum of acquired resistance, we describe a patient with KRASG12C NSCLC who developed polyclonal acquired resistance to MRTX849 with the emergence of 10 heterogeneous resistance alterations in serial cell-free DNA spanning four genes (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, MAP2K1), all of which converge to reactivate RAS–MAPK signaling. Notably, a novel KRASY96D mutation affecting the switch-II pocket, to which MRTX849 and other inactive-state inhibitors bind, was identified that interferes with key protein–drug interactions and confers resistance to these inhibitors in engineered and patient-derived KRASG12C cancer models. Interestingly, a novel, functionally distinct tricomplex KRASG12C active-state inhibitor RM-018 retained the ability to bind and inhibit KRASG12C/Y96D and could overcome resistance.Significance:In one of the first reports of clinical acquired resistance to KRASG12C inhibitors, our data suggest polyclonal RAS–MAPK reactivation as a central resistance mechanism. We also identify a novel KRAS switch-II pocket mutation that impairs binding and drives resistance to inactive-state inhibitors but is surmountable by a functionally distinct KRASG12C inhibitor.See related commentary by Pinnelli and Trusolino, p. 1874.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1861
An ornithological inventory in a reforested woodlot in western Paraná state, southern Brazil
Authors: Quagliato Isabela Sales , Cavarzere Vagner 
Published: April 2021

This paper presents an ornithological inventory taken between March and December of 2017 in the Brazilian state of Paraná. Although the surroundings contain one relatively well-known location in regard to ornithology, Iguaçu National Park, several other areas merit exploration, among them the Santa Helena Relevant Ecological Interest Area (ARIE‑SH). The 1,479 ha ARIE‑SH is essentially a large remnant of the Atlantic Forest located adjacent to the city of Santa Helena, Paraná, which commencing in the 1980s has undergone considerable reforestation with both native and exotic species, including fruit species. Prior to censusing bird species and to better characterize the avian community, we conducted a bibliographic review of earlier ornithological studies carried out at ARIE‑SH. In addition, we conducted opportunistic and unsystematic observations in nearby locations. We recorded 311 species of birds. During the current inventory, and others conducted in the area since 2016, we recorded six Atlantic Forest endemic species, five species threatened in Paraná, and two globally threatened species. Common species which showed high Index of Frequency in Lists include (in descending order) Basileuterus culicivorus, Leptotila verreauxi, Cnemotriccus fuscatus, Corythopis delalandi, Turdus leucomelas and Arremon flavirostris. Nine species observed while conducting this census (Laterallus exilis, Amazona vinacea, Herpsilochmus longirostris, Campylorhamphus trochilirostris, Casiornis rufus, Campylorhynchus turdinus, Myiothlypis flaveola, Eucometis penicillata and Sporophila palustris) are the first records for this region.
Bats in a restinga area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Bezerra Rayanna Hellem Santos , Bocchiglieri Adriana 
Published: April 2021

There is little known about the bats of the Brazilian restinga as most studies have concentrated on the country’s south and southeast regions. In Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil, the only study previously carried out registered 17 species in different restinga habitats. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the bat community in a restinga area in Sergipe and update the list of species that occur in the area. The study was carried out in the Caju Private Natural Heritage Reserve, on the south coast of the state of Sergipe. Monthly campaigns were carried out from October 2016 to September 2017 over two consecutive nights and alternating between two sites to capture the bats. We captured Bats using 10 mist nets that remained open between 6:00 p.m. and 12:00 p.m. We determined the abundance and trophic guilds of the captured species. In addition, we obtained the occurrence frequency degree through the Constancy Index. We captured 457 individuals distributed over 13 species and two families, where three species represented a new record for the locality. The family Phyllostomidae was the richest and most abundant. Most species were frugivorous (61.5%). According to the Constancy Index, only four species were considered common. Using Jackknife 1 estimator, we estimated 14.83 species for the area, indicating that the richness obtained in this study corresponds to 87.6% of this estimate. This study resulted in an 17.6% increase in bat richness known for the area. The high representativeness of the Phyllostomidae family may be related to the capture method used. The predominance of frugivores bats in this study may be associated with the presence of many fruit trees in the area. The low occurrence of species considered common is often reported and can be explained by the species’ trophic specializations and by the sampling methods. Considering the scarcity of studies in restinga areas in Northeastern Brazil, this work becomes important for the knowledge of the bats in this environment, especially for Sergipe.
On the identity of Lepidodexia (Orosarcophaga) ornata (Townsend, 1927) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and a new generic synonym
Authors: Mello-Patiu Cátia Antunes de , Riccardi Paula Raile 
Published: April 2021

The revision of the sarcophagid species Lepidodexia (Orosarcophaga) ornata (Townsend, 1927) reveals its identity and a generic synonym. The male terminalia of this species was studied in detail for the first time and revealed its congeneric affinities with Oxyvinia Dodge, 1966. Consequently, the generic status of Orosarcophaga Townsend, 1927 was revalidated, including Oxyvinia Dodge, 1966 as its junior synonym, and O. ornata was corroborated as a valid species and name. Moreover, we provide an updated generic diagnosis of Orosarcophaga, a list of the eleven species of the genus with their distribution, and a detailed diagnosis of O. ornata.
Magnana, a new genus of Gyponini from Southeastern Brazil (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae)
Authors: Domahovski Alexandre Cruz , Cavichioli Rodney Ramiro 
Published: April 2021

A new leafhopper genus in the tribe Gyponini is proposed based on Magnana splendida gen. nov. et sp. nov., from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Representatives of the new genus differ from other genera in the tribe mainly by the large body size, the narrow head, moderately produced anterad, the rugose crown and frons, the ventral surface of metatarsomere I with two double rows of setae, and the aedeagus bearing atrial processes. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided, as well as remarks on the morphology of other gyponine genera.
Reversible Cause of Cardiac Arrest and Secondary Prevention Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Value of Complete Revascularization and LGE‐CMR
Authors: van der Lingen Anne‐Lotte C. J. , Becker Marthe A. J. , Kemme Michiel J. B. , Rijnierse Mischa T. , Spoormans Eva M. , Timmer Stefan A. J. , van Rossum Albert C. , van Halm Vokko P. , Germans Tjeerd , Allaart Cornelis P. 
Published: April 2021

Background
In survivors of sudden cardiac arrest with obstructive coronary artery disease, it remains challenging to distinguish ischemia as a reversible cause from irreversible scar‐related ventricular arrhythmias. We aimed to evaluate the value of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) implantation in sudden cardiac arrest survivors with presumably reversible ischemia and complete revascularization.

Methods and Results

This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 276 patients (80% men, age 67±10 years) receiving ICD implantation for secondary prevention. Angiography was performed before ICD implantation. A subgroup of 166 (60%) patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with late gadolinium enhancement before implantation. Patients were divided in 2 groups, (1) ICD‐per‐guideline, including 228 patients with incomplete revascularization or left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%, and (2) ICD‐off‐label, including 48 patients with complete revascularization and left ventricular ejection fraction >35%. The primary outcome was time to appropriate device therapy (ADT). During 4.0 years (interquartile range, 3.5–4.6) of follow‐up, ADT developed in 15% of the ICD‐off‐label group versus 43% of the ICD‐per‐guideline group. Time to ADT was comparable in the ICD‐off‐label and ICD‐per‐guideline groups (hazard ratio (HR), 0.46;
P
=0.08). No difference in mortality was observed (HR, 0.95;
P
=0.93). Independent predictors of ADT included age (HR, 1.03;
P
=0.01), left ventricular end‐diastolic volume HR, (1.05 per 10 mL increase;
P
<0.01) and extent of transmural late gadolinium enhancement (HR, 1.12;
P
=0.04).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that sudden cardiac arrest survivors with coronary artery disease remain at high risk of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia, even after complete revascularization and with preserved left ventricular function. Late gadolinium enhancement–cardiac magnetic resonance imaging derived left ventricular volumes and extent of myocardial scar were independently associated with.
Association of Pro‐B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance–Measured Global and Regional Cardiac Function and Structure Over 10 Years: The MESA Study
Authors: Rahsepar Amir Ali , Bluemke David A. , Habibi Mohammadali , Liu Kiang , Kawel‐Boehm Nadine , Ambale‐Venkatesh Bharath , Fernandes Veronica R. S. , Rosen Boaz D. , Lima Joao A. C. , Carr James C. 
Published: April 2021

Background
NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) is widely used to diagnose and manage patients with heart failure. We aimed to investigate associations between NT‐proBNP levels and development of global and regional myocardial impairment, dyssynchrony, and risk of developing myocardial scar over time.

Methods and Results

We included 2416 adults (45–84 years) without baseline clinical cardiovascular disease from MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). NT‐proBNP was assessed at baseline (2000–2002). Cardiac magnetic resonance–measured left ventricular parameters were assessed at baseline and year 10 (2010–2012). Tagged cardiac magnetic resonance and myocardial dyssynchrony were assessed. We used linear and logistic regression models to study the relationships between quartiles of NT‐proBNP levels and outcome variables. Left ventricular parameters decreased over time. After 10‐year follow‐up and adjusting for cardiovascular disease risk factors, people in the highest quartile had significantly greater decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (−1.60%; 95% CI, −2.26 to −0.94;
P
<0.01) and smaller decline in left ventricular end systolic volume index (−0.47 mL/m
2
; 95% CI, −1.18 to 0.23;
P
<0.01) compared with those in the lowest quartile. Individuals in the highest quartile had more severe risk factor adjusted global, mid, and apical regional dyssynchrony compared with those in the lowest, second, and third quartiles (all
P
‐trend<0.05). Compared with the lowest‐quartile group, the adjusted odds ratios for having myocardial scar was 1.3 (95% CI, 0.7–2.2) for quartile 2; 1.2 (95% CI, 0.6–2.3) for quartile 3; and 2.7 (95% CI, 1.4–5.5) for quartile 4 (
P
‐trend=0.012) for the total sample.

Conclusions
Among participants without baseline clinical cardiovascular disease, higher baseline NT‐proBNP concentration was significantly associated with subclinical changes in developing myocardial dysfunction, more severe cardiac dyssynchrony, and higher odds of having myocardial scar over a 10‐year period independent of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Zur diachronen Untersuchung syntaktisch-semantischer Mittel von Zeitrelationen in ausgewählten historischen Bibeltexten
Authors: Smereka Joanna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article treats the semantic-syntactic means by which time relations can be expressed in various Bible translations or editions. The prose texts the author examines stem from different time periods, ranging from the Old High German Tatian to today’s Bible editions. The analysis is diachronic and focuses on the Gospel of Matthew. In addition, the author compares the current Luther Bible, which has largely remained true to the 500-year tradition, with corresponding passages in selected modern Bible texts. Such a synoptic comparative study of the translations of one and the same source text enables new insights into the changed structure of the relationships between the sentences. The author shows that the externally identical or similar and etymologically related linguistic means change over time: they either come to express different sentence and event relations or they are subject to semantic narrowing.
Vom schmausenden zum andächtigen Studenten?
Authors: Groote Inga Mai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The texts in student song collections of the 17th century deal on the one hand with pleasures of student lives and on the other hand with common spiritual themes; many songs are intended for ensemble performance (e.g. the songs by E. Widmann). The practices in compiling manuscript collections (Johann Heckius, Christian Clodius, etc.) show how repertoires mix and adaptations and translations are created; the Clodius manuscript satirises learned topoi and the presentation of spiritual collections in its preface. Topoi in the texts and some examples of hymnbooks explicitly intended for students (Joachim Feller etc.) are discussed. Finally, in Michael Wiedemann’s Poetische Gefangenschafften, a literarisation of the different facets of student song practices can be observed.
The prevalence of low serum levels of Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, folate and ferritin in adolescents: Single center experience
Authors: Karakaş Nazmi Mutlu 
Published: April 2021

Background: In this study, the aim was to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D, vitamin B12, ferritin, and folate deficiencies in adolescence to clarify the need for early diagnosis and therapy. Methods: The medical records of adolescents between 10 and 18 years of age between 01 September 2018 and 28 February 2019 as healthy with non-specific complaints, or due to well-child care visits, were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 1847/2507 (73.6%) adolescents were included in the study. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 25.7% (n: 178/691). Vitamin B12 deficiency prevalence was 69.2% (n: 753/1088). The prevalence of anemia and ferritin deficiency was 4.8% and 13.26%. The prevalence of folate deficiency was 37.9% (n: 413/1088). VDD prevalence was statistically significantly higher in females than males (F/M:116/62). VB12D prevalence, the number and mean age of females with hemoglobin deficiency, and low ferritin levels was found to be statistically significantly higher in females than males. Conclusions: The prevalence of vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate deficiency and low ferritin levels was found to be high among adolescents. In particular, adolescents admitting with non-specific complaints and for control purposes in big cities must be considered to be at risk for the deficiency of these vitamins and low level of ferritin.
Safety and Efficacy of the Draf IIb Procedure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Haddad Ralph , Khoueir Nadim , Smaily Hussein , Rassi Simon , Abou Hamad Walid 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesTo systematically review the literature to evaluate the indications, safety, and efficacy of the Draf IIb procedure and to evaluate the added advantages of technical factors such as stents and flaps.Data SourcesArticles published until July 2019 on Medline and Cochrane databases.Review MethodsAfter a systematic review based on the 2018 PRISMA guidelines was conducted, 26 of 1533 articles were included and reviewed for indications of Draf IIb; surgical technique; use of flaps, stents, grafts, or mitomycin; complications during and after surgery; and success or recurrence rate.ResultsThe main indication for Draf IIb was chronic frontal rhinosinusitis (61.82%). The postoperative patency rate was 87.85%. When flaps/grafts were applied, the rate was 93.5%, but their added value was not statistically significant. Stents could be an alternative for revision surgery. Treating frontal pathologies other than chronic rhinosinusitis was also satisfying. Safety was comparable to Draf III: no perioperative complications were reported, only a few postoperative ones (eyelid ecchymosis and periorbital cellulitis in 0.2% of the cases, hyposmia in 1.55%).ConclusionWhen properly indicated, Draf IIb frontal drilling is a safe and highly effective surgical technique for frontal pathology treatment, with efficiency and safety comparable to the Draf III, making it a valid option when a bilateral approach is not needed. More studies are required to confirm the added values of flaps, grafts, and stents.
Exposure to E-Cigarette Product Placement in Music Videos Is Associated With Vaping Among Young Adults
Authors: Majmundar Anuja , Unger Jennifer B. , Cruz Tess Boley , Kirkpatrick Matthew G. , Allem Jon-Patrick 
Published: April 2021

Background The prevalence of electronic-cigarette (e-cigarette) product placement in music videos is on the rise and currently unregulated. This promotional activity is concerning given the popularity of music videos among young adults. Aims We examined associations between self-reported levels of exposure to music videos with any e-cigarette product placement or imagery and susceptibility to use e-cigarettes and e-cigarette use. Method A representative sample of young adults (18–24 years of age), residing in California ( n = 1,280), completed online surveys assessing self-reported exposure to music videos with e-cigarette product placement or imagery and susceptibility to use e-cigarettes and e-cigarette use. Adjusted and weighted regression analyses were used for statistical analyses. Results Participants exposed to any e-cigarette product placement or imagery in music videos were more likely to report lifetime e-cigarette use (relative risk ratio [ RRR]: 2.81) and past 30-day use ( RRR: 3.64) compared with participants with no exposure. Additionally, participants with greater levels of exposure were more likely to report lifetime e-cigarette use ( RRR: 1.13) and past 30-day use ( RRR: 1.20) compared with participants with lower levels of exposure. Among those with any exposure, participants younger than 21 years of age (i.e., under the tobacco purchasing age in the United States) were more likely to report lifetime e-cigarette use ( RRR: 4.68) compared with those aged 21 years and older. Discussion and Conclusion Restricting e-cigarette product placement or imagery in music videos may minimize marketing exposure and risk for vaping among young adults, especially among those under the tobacco purchasing age.
Inhibition of the Transcription Factor RUNX1 Causes Glycosyltransferase a Repression
Authors: Kronstein-Wiedemann Romy , Schmidt Laura , Lausen Jörn , Seifried Erhard , Tonn Torsten 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The ABO blood group system is unequivocally the most important in clinical transfusion medicine. Furthermore ABO is implicated in the development of a number of human diseases. The ABO antigens are not confined to RBCs but are widely expressed in a variety of human cells and tissues. Thus, ABO matching is critical not only in blood transfusion but also in cell, tissue and organ transplantation. The molecular genetic basis of the ABO system has been known since 1990. However, despite extensive investigations about regulation of ABO blood group receptor expression, the mechanism is not fully resolved. Previously we found that miRNAs plays a critical role in regulation of ABO blood group antigen. Numerous miRNAs which were up- or downregulated in RBCs of blood group O and of heterozygous genotypes as compared to homozygous genotype possess potential binding sites in the 3'UTR of several transcription factors, such as SP1 and RUNX1. Here we show that silencing of the transcription factor RUNX1 leads to downregulation of blood group A antigen.
Methods: We performed knockdown experiments for RUNX1 by lentiviral gene transfer of shRNA in primary hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and analyzed blood group A-antigen expression using different method, including flow cytometry, western blot and qPCR.
Result: Knockdown of RUNX1 in HSCs leads to a 10-20% reduction of blood group A positive erythroid cells and a 30-40% reduction of blood group A antigens per cell in differentiated RBCs. Furthermore, microarray analysis showed a significant increase of miR-215-5p and miR-192-5p in RBCs of blood group O as compared to homozygous genotype. RUNX1 is known to be a target gene for these miRNAs.
Conclusion: Glycosyltransferase A and B expression is regulated by different miRNAs, via simultaneously targeting of the transcription factors SP1 and Runx1 and glycosyltransferase A and B mRNA. The knowledge of the role of microRNAs and the transcription factors SP1 and RUNX1 in the expression of blood group antigens may be extended to other blood groups (Rhesus, Kell, Duffy) and may open the door for therapeutic interventions in diseases where blood group receptors promote disease pathology.

Disclosures
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.