bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viabahn Open Rebranching Technique combined with hybrid debranching technique help preventing renal artery obliteration and renal dysfunction aggravation in the treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Zhang Hao , Liu Hua , Zhang Li-Wei , Wu Meng-Tao , Song Chao , Yeung Kak Khee , Feng Xiang , Zhang Lei 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE:
Hybrid debranching technique combined with conventional open surgery and endovascular repair was an effective treatment for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA). We propose a new technique to reduce the time of RA anastomosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The hybrid staged operation procedure was evaluated in the period of 2013 and 2017 in three academic centers. The bilateral renal artery anastomosis in the experimental group used VORTEC technique. In the control group, the bilateral renal artery reconstruction was performed by conventional artificial blood vessel anastomosis. Primary outcome was technical success, the time of renal artery anastomosis, and major complications. Long term follow-up up to 7 years was evaluated as well.

RESULTS:
In total 57 patients were enrolled. Compared with the control group, there was a statistical difference in the mean time of left RA anastomosing (19.8 vs 4.6 min, p<0.001) and the right RA anastomosing (20.5 vs 4.6 min, p<0.001) in the experimental group. While the aggravation of renal dysfunction occurred in 12 patients in 1 year after the stage surgery, and there was a statistical difference between the experimental group and the control group (4 vs 8, p=0.025).

CONCLUSION:
The VORTEC technique could help reducing the time of RA anastomosing and get lower complication rate and better effect during long-term follow up.
Severe acute respiratory illness surveillance for coronavirus disease 2019, India, 2020
Authors: Gupta Nivedita , Praharaj Ira , Bhatnagar Tarun , Vivian Thangaraj Jeromie Wesley , Giri Sidhartha , Chauhan Himanshu , Kulkarni Sanket , Murhekar Manoj , Singh Sujeet , Gangakhedkar Raman R. , Bhargava Balram 
Published: December 2021

Background & objectives:
Sentinel surveillance among severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) patients can help identify the spread and extent of transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARI surveillance was initiated in the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in India. We describe here the positivity for COVID-19 among SARI patients and their characteristics.

Methods:
SARI patients admitted at 41 sentinel sites from February 15, 2020 onwards were tested for COVID-19 by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, targeting E and RdRp genes of SARS-CoV-2. Data were extracted from Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory Network for analysis.

Results:
A total of 104 (1.8%) of the 5,911 SARI patients tested were positive for COVID-19. These cases were reported from 52 districts in 20 States/Union Territories. The COVID-19 positivity was higher among males and patients aged above 50 years. In all, 40 (39.2%) COVID-19 cases did not report any history of contact with a known case or international travel.

Interpretation & conclusions:
COVID-19 containment activities need to be targeted in districts reporting COVID-19 cases among SARI patients. Intensifying sentinel surveillance for COVID-19 among SARI patients may be an efficient tool to effectively use resources towards containment and mitigation efforts.
Strategic planning to augment the testing capacity for COVID-19 in India
Authors: Gupta Nivedita , Bhatnagar Tarun , Rade Kiran , Murhekar Manoj , Gangakhedkar Raman R. , Nagar Anu 
Published: December 2021

Background & objectives:
Nearly 5,500 tests for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had been conducted on March 31, 2020 across the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-approved public and private laboratories in India. Given the need to rapidly increase testing coverage, we undertook an exercise to explore and quantify interventions to increase the daily real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based testing capacity over the next few months. The objective of this exercise was to prepare a potential plan to scale-up COVID-19 testing in India in the public sector.

Methods:
Potential increase in daily testing capacity of the existing public laboratories was calculated across the three base scenarios of shifts (9, 16 and 24 h). Additional testing capacity was added for each shift scenario based on interventions ranging from procurement of additional qRT-PCR machines, leveraging spare capacity on available qRT-PCR machines not drafted into COVID-19 testing, to in-laboratory process optimization efforts.

Results:
Moving to a 24 h working model in the existing approved laboratories can enhance the daily testing capacity to 40,464 tests/day. The capacity can be further bolstered by leveraging qRT-PCR and nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)-based machines available with the Multidisciplinary Research Units (MRUs), National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) and National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP). Using combination/multiplex kits, and provision of automated RNA extraction platforms at all laboratories could also optimize run time and contribute to capacity increase by 1.5-2 times.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Adopting these interventions could help increase public sector's daily testing capacity to nearly 100,000-120,000 tests/day. It is important to note that utilization of the scaled-up testing capacity will require deployment of additional workforce, procurement of corresponding commodities for testing and scale-up of sample collection and transportation efforts.
A study of hyperhomocysteinemia in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Kalita Jayantee , Singh Varun K. , Misra Usha Kant 
Published: December 2021

Background & objectives:
Vegetarianism may result in low vitamin B12 and acquired hyperhomocysteinemia leading to thrombotic conditions such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The clinico-radiological presentation and outcome of patients with hyperhomocysteinemia may be different from those without, but there is a paucity of information. This study was undertaken to find out the relationship of homocysteine (Hcy) with vitamin B12, folic acid and methyltetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutation in the patients with CVST, and compare clinico-radiological severity and outcome of patients with and without hyperhomocysteinemia.

Methods:
Ninety-six CVST patients in whom Hcy level was measured, were included, and their risk factors and neurological, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR venography findings were noted. They were evaluated for prothrombotic conditions including Hcy, vitamin B12, folic acid and MTHFR 677C→T mutation. Three month outcome was categorized as death, poor and good.

Results:
Seventy three per cent patients had risk factors; hyperhomocysteinemia in 52.1 per cent, protein S deficiency in 47.8 per cent, protein C deficiency in 19.4 per cent, MTHFR 677C→T mutation in 30.7 per cent, antinuclear antibody 11 per cent, and Factor V Leiden mutation in two per cent each. Thirty two per cent patients with hyperhomocysteinemia had no other thrombotic cause, and 22 per cent of them had either vitamin B12 and or folic acid deficiency only. The patients with hyperhomocysteinemia more frequently had vitamin B12 deficiency (70 vs. 13%), MTHFR 677C→T mutation (47.5 vs. 9.1%) and superior sagittal sinus thrombosis (78 vs. 56.5%) than normal Hcy group. The clinico-radiological severity and outcome were similar.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Hyperhomocysteinemia was an important correctable risk factor of CVST in patients from northern India, and majority of them had either low vitamin B12 level or MTHFR mutation.
Safety assessment of RhD-positive red cell transfusion in RhD-negative liver-transplant recipients
Authors: Tiwari Aseem Kumar , Arora Dinesh , Aggarwal Geet , Dara Ravi C. , Bhardwaj Gunjan , Sharma Jyoti , Vohra Vijay , Soin Arvinder Singh 
Published: December 2021

Background & objectives:
The number of blood components required during a liver-transplant surgery is significant. It is challenging for blood transfusion services to provide the required RhD-negative red blood cells (RBCs) for recipients during the peri-operative period. This retrospective study presents safety data of transfusing RhD-positive RBCs in RhD-negative living donor liver-transplant (LDLT) recipients during the peri-operative period with six-month follow up for risk of developing alloantibodies.

Methods:
All RhD-negative patients who underwent LDLT and were transfused ABO-compatible but RhD-positive RBC units between January 2012 and May 2018 were included in the study. Twenty one RhD-negative patients who received a total of 167 RhD-positive RBCs peri-operatively were chosen for alloantibody screening. All the patients were started on triple immunosuppression drugs as per the standard hospital protocol. Blood grouping, cross-match and antibody screening were done by column agglutination technique.

Results:
Post-transplant antibody screen (weekly for 12 wk) was negative, and none of the patients developed anti-D alloantibodies till their last follow up (mean 21 months).

Interpretation & conclusions:
Our observations suggest that it may be safe to use RhD-positive RBCs peri-operatively in RhD-negative LDLT recipients with low risk of alloimmunization.
Frequency of psychiatric comorbid symptoms in bipolar disorder patients in remission
Authors: Koul Aarshie , Shetty A. Siddharth 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Psychiatric comorbidity has been detected in one-third of bipolar patients. The illness itself may be a precipitating factor for developing substance use and anxiety disorders. Comorbid anxiety disorders with bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with decreased chances of recovery, poorer role functioning, and quality of life, and greater likelihood of suicide attempts. Hence, identifying comorbid symptoms in remitting patients has important preventive and therapeutic implications.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to estimate the frequency of psychiatric comorbid symptoms in patients of bipolar affective disorder in remission and to identify its relationship with sociodemographic variables.

Methodology:
This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Father Muller Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore (April 2019–July 2019), which included 90 patients aged 18–50 years with BD, manic, or depressive episodes in remission for 8 weeks who were evaluated using mini international neuropsychiatric interview plus, Hamilton rating scale for depression, and young mania rating scale. Sociodemographic details were assessed by a semi-structured pro forma. The data were analyzed using frequency, Chi-square test, and t-test.

Results:
Most common psychiatry comorbid symptoms seen in BD were found to be drug dependence/abuse (n = 31), second most common being alcohol dependence/abuse (n = 21), followed by suicidality (n = 8), antisocial personality, social phobia, panic disorder, and agoraphobia. Significance was found for suicidality, agoraphobia, and social phobia if the last episode was depressive and for suicidality if index episode was depressive and if age of onset was >40 years.

Conclusion:
Psychiatric comorbidities in BD may worsen the course and prognosis of the disorder and hence, clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for them. Furthermore, comorbidities may need to be identified and appropriate interventions employed to prevent iatrogenic complications.
Evaluation of relationship between stress and periodontal disease in different professional college students
Authors: Kolaparthy Lakshmi Kanth , Kota Bharathi , Marella Yamuna , Kondraganti Radhika , Cheni Gopinath , Dhulipalla Ravindranath 
Published: December 2021

Background:
To evaluate the association between stress and periodontitis in different professional college students.

Subjects and Methods:
The study was conducted in 360 professional college students which includes Medical, Dental, Pharmacy, Nursing, Engineering, and Chartered Accountancy. From each group, 60 students were included in the study. Self-reported Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale questionnaire was given to all the students and clinical examination was conducted in all the participants to assess the Oral hygiene index - simplified (OHI-S), clinical attachment level (CAL), and Gingival Index Simplified (GI-S).

Statistical Analysis:
Statistics was performed using the ANOVA test, post hoc test, and Pearson correlation test to compare the psychological parameter of stress with periodontal parameters among six groups of students. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
Group I showed higher mean stress scores (10.78 ± 0.76) compared to other groups. The mean OHI-S (1.61 ± 0.15), mean CAL (3.68 ± 0.79), and mean GI-S (1.43 ± 0.15) scores also increased with elevated stress levels among medical students. Followed by Group VI and Group II showed almost similar results.

Conclusion:
The present study showed strong association between stress and periodontal disease and have an adverse effect over oral hygiene factors among the students.
Functional Outcome of Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Fracture Neck Femur
Authors: Rai Gaurav , Naugraiya Tarun , Karoria Arvind 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
The femoral neck fracture continues to be unsolved fractures, and the guidelines for management are still evolving. Hip fractures are common injuries, especially seen in the elderly in the emergency setting. It is also seen in young patients who perform in athletics or high-energy trauma. Immediate diagnosis and management are required to prevent complications.

Materials and Methods:
The retrospective study was done who were admitted and underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty in the past 5 years.

Results:
The highest mortality was when the surgery was delayed for more than 2 months after injury. A delay of few days did not lead to increased mortality compared to other series, and cemented hemiarthroplasty does not lead to significant long-term cognitive impairment, the increasing time after surgery, there was an increasing proportion of patients with painful hip, and almost 80% of patients at the end of 5 years had poor outcome.

Conclusion:
The majority of the cases of fracture neck of femur in elderly was due to fall on ground indicating them to be a fragility fracture. Most of the patients were not able to squat and sit cross legged which is an important social requirement in Indian subcontinent. Hemiarthroplasty was not a good surgery for patients who have a longer life expectancy.
Proximal Fibular Osteotomy - A Novel Technique for Surgical Intervention in Knee Osteoarthritis and its Application in the Indian Scenario
Authors: Nandi Ritwika , Rahman Mahboobur , Das Pinaki , Nandi Sujit Narayan 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Knee osteoarthritis is a significant cause of functional restriction among the Indian population. In the initial stages when patients present with isolated medial compartment changes, the surgical options in the inventory are few. The scarcity of a simple yet cost-effective procedure has contributed to the growing popularity of isolated proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO) since its inception. This study aims to evaluate the outcome among patients who underwent PFO for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty patients with medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee were treated with PFO from December 2017 to December 2020. Patient particulars and intra-operative parameters were recorded. The postintervention functional outcome was evaluated by comparing the preoperative Oxford Knee Score (OKS) with that reported postoperatively.

Results:
The mean age of the patients included in the study was 48.20 years, with a male: Female ratio of 1.8:1. Sixty-eight percent cases presented with Kellgren–Lawrence Stage III. The patients were followed for a mean of 18.18 months after the procedure. The preoperative, 1-month, 2-month, and 6-month OKS were 24.76 ± 2.63, 33.34 ± 3.84, 39.36 ± 4.65, and 43.02 ± 4.66, respectively. At 6 months postsurgery, 82% of patients were in the satisfactory functional score range (40–48). The most commonly observed complication was superficial peroneal nerve palsy.

Conclusion:
Despite the simple technique, PFO has been associated with good outcomes and lesser complications. Selection of patients and placement of the osteotomy site are crucial for the success of the procedure. The present study revealed that patients irrespective of their age, gender, or stage of the disease would benefit from the procedure.
Psychological Burden on Cancer Patients and their Caregivers During COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Nagarkar Raj , Patil Roshankumar , Gadade Kavita , Paleja Nishtha , Bhamre Rasika , Ramesh Yasam Venkata 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
Psychological burden is a serious issue facing by the cancer patients and their caregivers (CGs) around the world during the pandemic situations such as COVID-19. In the present study, we assessed the psychological burden on cancer patients and their CGs during this COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
The study was done using standardized questionnaire of the most validated scales - perceived stress scale and the caregiver strain index.

Results:
A total of 334 patients and 257 CGs participated in the present study. Majority of the patients experienced moderate to high level of stress (n = 239 [72%]), while CGs experienced a high level of strain (n = 132 [52%]). In the patient's cohort, stress was dependent significantly on education (p < 0.01), gender (p < 0.05), on active treatment (p < 0.001), and surgery (p < 0.05). Among CGs, strain was significantly affected by less education CGs (p < 0.001), patients more on active treatment (p < 0.01), and more primary gastrointestinal tumors (p < 0.01). From multivariate analysis of pandemic-specific factors, difficulty in transportation (p < 0.01) and increased financial burden (p < 0.05) were found to be significant influencing factors affecting the stress level of patients.

Conclusion:
To overcome the psychological burden due to lockdown, we suggest the initiation of psychosocial caring in all the necessary patients and their CGs to demonstrate its benefits in the long term.
Depression, Posttraumatic Stress, and Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Chang Fu-Shun , Chou Hui-Ying , Tai Yueh-Ming , Yang Szu-Nian 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Symptoms of poststress traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are intertwined in suicide ideation (SI) in military personnel. The interpersonal psychological theory (IPT) of suicide is proposed that the presence of thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB) produces the desire for suicide. To clarify the putative moderating effect of IPT on the complex-mediated moderation relationship among symptoms of soldiers' PTSD, depression, and SI, we did a cross-section study through recruiting military personnel in three camps in northern Taiwan.

Methods:
We recruited 759 active-duty soldiers (male: female = 579: 180) from three troops in northern Taiwan. They were asked to fill out copies of questionnaire according to their current two-week situation for our analyzing the study data.

Results:
In this study, we found that the pathway from soldiers' PTSD symptom to SI was positively and significantly mediated through their depression (p < 0.001), and that the pathway from their PTSD to depression was positively and significantly moderated by both PB (p < 0.05) and thwarted belongingness (p < 0.05). Comparing with male counterparts, the female soldiers, although significantly and relatively younger in age (p < 0.001), suffered from significantly higher levels of depression (p < 0.05) without significant sex difference in the magnitudes of PTSD symptoms.

Conclusion:
This study revealed the moderating effects of IPT on the pathway from PTSD to depression and SI among soldiers. Sex difference, although is subtle, can be essential in military suicide prevention and treatments for cases with PTSD symptoms.
Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and its Coping
Authors: Halder Susmita , Mahato Akash Kumar , Samajdar Shinjini 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
The coronavirus disease pandemic has been posing as a serious health hazard with high mortality risks along with global disastrous economic consequences. A pervasive and long-term impact of the pandemic on mental health has been expected and reported in literature. It is vital to study its nature and whether there has been any change in the impact perception and coping of people toward the COVID pandemic after a year it started.

Methods:
The study was conducted in two phases, with a gap of one year in between the phases. The present study produced the findings of second phase, which was basically a follow-up after one year. Totally, 100 consenting participants of both sex from the pool of first phase (n = 625) who agreed for follow-up assessment were re-assessed to see the changes in psychological impact of COVID pandemic and their coping using the Psychological Impact and Coping in COVID Pandemic Questionnaire.

Results:
The psychological coping of the participants significantly lowered from the first phase to the second phase (22.09 ± 3.44 vs. 20.02 ± 3.37, t = 3.75, p < 0.001). Under domain category, psychological coping showed significant lowering in male student participants (21.67 ± 3.50 vs. 19.09 ± 3.35, t = 3.001, p < 0.01) and in female student participants (22.37 ± 3.43 vs. 20.26 ± 3.43, t = 3.2, p < 0.01) from the first to the second phase. Young-aged adults had significantly lowered in psychological coping (22.50 ± 3.15 vs. 19.26 ± 3.72, t = 4.4 p < 0.001) from the first to the second phase. No change in psychological impact on the participants existed, across first to second phase, in the domain for age and sex.

Conclusion:
The psychological impact of the pandemic was reduced but not conclusively after a year of the COVID pandemic, and the coping was poorer after a year, especially in young adults. The continuation of the pandemic with a persistent increase in infection and mortality numbers and uncertainty over treatment and vaccination is to maintain the phenomenon and needs to be controlled to limit secondary long-term mental issues in the population.
Impact of Semi-Annual Albendazole on Lymphatic Filariasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection: Parasitological Assessment after 14 Rounds of Community Treatment
Authors: Pion Sébastien D. S. , Chesnais Cédric B. , Weil Gary J. , Louya Frédéric , Boussinesq Michel , Missamou François 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT.
Between October 2012 and October 2015, we conducted a community trial to assess the impact of semi-annual (twice yearly) community treatment with albendazole on lymphatic filariasis in Seke Pembe, a village in the Republic of the Congo. Semi-annual community treatment with albendazole has been continued in the community since October 2015. We conducted an additional parasitological assessment survey in October 2019, 6 months after the 14th round of semi-annual treatment. Between October 2012 and October 2015, Wuchereria bancrofti antigenemia and microfilaremia rates in the community had decreased from 17.3% to 4.7% and from 5.3% to 0.3%, respectively. In October 2019, the antigenemia rate had decreased further to 2.8% (19 of 687). No microfilariae were found in night blood smears from persons with circulating filarial antigenemia (0 of 16), suggesting that W. bancrofti transmission has been interrupted in Seke Pembe. Semi-annual albendazole treatments also reduced significantly infection rates with soil-transmitted helminths.