bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐trophic metacommunity interactions mediate asynchrony and stability in fluctuating environments
Authors: Firkowski Carina R. , Thompson Patrick L. , Gonzalez Andrew , Cadotte Marc W. , Fortin Marie‐Josée 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEnvironmental fluctuations influence patterns of synchrony and stability in species abundances. Most of our understanding of synchrony and stability stems from competitive community and metacommunity ecology, when in reality species interact in more complex ways. Therefore, there is a mounting need for the integration of multi‐trophic interactions into metacommunity ecology. In particular, knowledge is lacking on: (1) whether synchrony and stability respond to environmental fluctuations similarly under competitive and multi‐trophic metacommunities; (2) how synchrony and stability change across the hierarchical levels of a metacommunity; and (3) whether trophic groups differ in their contributions to synchrony and stability. Here, we address these questions through a complementary approach, using model simulations to derive theoretical expectations for the effects of environmental fluctuations on synchrony and stability, and a microcosm experiment to test observations against these expectations. We created spatially heterogeneous metacommunities populated by eight protist and one rotifer species organized in a multi‐trophic food‐web. We controlled environmental fluctuations so that they were spatially uncorrelated and species were assumed to respond differently to environmental conditions. We contrasted the control of constant environmental conditions to the effects of periodic environmental fluctuations. We show that environmental fluctuations can reduce synchrony between patches and increase stability, but can also decouple asynchrony between species and increase population and metapopulation variability. We discuss how some of these findings apply to both competitive and multi‐trophic metacommunities but changes are stronger in multi‐trophic metacommunities, and how trophic groups differ in their contributions to synchrony and variability.
How scholars break down “policy coherence”: The impact of sustainable development global agendas on academic literature
Authors: Righettini Maria Stella , Lizzi Renata 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLiterature on policy coherence (PC) has been expanding particularly since the diffusion of the 2030 Agenda to better understand intersectoral policymaking and steering governance complexity in sustainable development, environmental and climate policies. Through research domain analysis, this article gives systematic evidence regarding the rise of PC literature; moreover, via content analysis, the research highlights the most relevant topics addressed by PC articles published over the last 20 years. Our analysis pinpoints that policy coherence has been studied regarding some research areas, such as sustainable development, environment, climate change, and the increasing transboundary governance concerns. Thus far, PC has been scrutinized mainly by addressing the implementation phase. Evidence suggests that, within the 2030 Agenda framework, future research and theoretical efforts should consider neglected dimensions of the policy process and incorporate them in a process‐oriented analytical framework.
MHC haplotype and B cell autoimmunity: Correlation with pathogenic IgG autoantibody subclasses and Fc glycosylation patterns
Authors: Nogueira Almeida Larissa , Clauder Ann‐Katrin , Meng Lingzhang , Ehlers Marc , Arce Sergio , Manz Rudolf Armin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genes that are associated with the development of certain autoimmune disorders, but the MHC haplotypes still represent the most prevalent genetic risk factor for many autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms by which MHC‐associated genetic susceptibility translates into B cell autoimmunity and the development of autoimmune diseases are complex. There is increasing evidence that the MHC haplotype modulates autoreactive B cell responses in multiple ways. Instead of merely inhibiting the production of IgG autoantibodies and mediating complete immunological tolerance, the non‐permitting MHC haplotypes seem to facilitate the production of IgG autoantibodies exhibiting Fc glycosylation patterns that are associated with reduced pathogenicity and a protective cytokine profile of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Here, we discuss mechanisms linking MHC haplotypes to the production of pathogenic IgG autoantibodies, which could be relevant for the development of improved diagnosis, particularly in the context of individual medicine.
Seismic response of floor‐anchored nonstructural components fastened with yielding elements
Authors: Feinstein Tal , Moehle Jack P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFailure of nonstructural components during an earthquake can lead to structure functionality loss, cause widespread property damage, and pose a life‐safety threat to the occupants. Current code provisions for floor‐anchored components aim to minimize the life safety threat by specifying lateral force demands and anchoring requirements. These code requirements are based on a simplified equation that does not fully consider the contribution of the attachment to the overall component dynamic response. Previous results from shaking‐table tests of anchored components suggest that the component attachment is an important parameter that determines its dynamic properties. For this study, a nonstructural experimental model was attached via several attachment designs to a concrete slab and tested on a shaking table to evaluate this contribution. The attachments were dimensioned based on a capacity design approach, such that they would be the weakest element in the force path while providing a yielding mechanism. The attachment designs provide different plastic mechanisms that control the displacement ductility in the response of the component. This paper focuses on the contribution of the attachment to the dynamic response and seismic force demand on the component. The experimental results demonstrate that the selected attachment properties govern the boundary conditions of the nonstructural component and strongly influence its dynamic response. The more flexible attachments sustained large deformations, leading to tensile membrane action and enhanced tensile strength in the attachments. Consequently, the ductile attachments did not result in reduced seismic loads in the nonstructural components.
Lost and found: Maximizing the information from a series of bedload tracer surveys
Authors: MacVicar Bruce J. , Papangelakis Elli 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBedload particle tracking is a technique used to better understand sediment dynamics in rivers. Despite technical advances, tracers may be missed in field surveys. The missed tracers may bias the study results even where recovery rates are high, for example if they are preferentially buried close to the seeding site or transported downstream of the surveyed reach. The goal of the current study is to demonstrate that more information can be extracted from a series of bedload tracer surveys by carefully considering the fate of missing and found tracers and implementing a set of strategies to include the (incomplete) information on sediment displacement metrics. A set of open‐source Matlab algorithms collectively called PITtrack are described that perform the calculations. Results from two tracer datasets show that commonly used sediment displacement metrics are sensitive to the inclusion of the missing tracers, even for cases with high recovery rates. Metrics that describe the variance and skewness of the tracers as they disperse are particularly sensitive. The recommended strategy is to include (a) inferred positions of tracers that are missing but unmoved, (b) likely positions of tracers that are missing, moved, and movement can be attributed to a survey period within the uncertain period that meets a dominant flood criterion, and (c) last known positions of tracers considered lost because they go missing and are never found again. Overall the results offer a method to include all available information on missing tracers to better understand sediment dispersion. Future work should be done to assess the classification system for a wider range of field sites and further refine classification based on spatial or other information.
Cooperative jamming in downlink satellite network with hardware impairments
Authors: Wu Haowei , Zheng Lixing , Li Zhe , Ma Rui , Ou Jinglan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, a land mobile satellite communication network with an external jammer to fight against the eavesdropper is investigated, where the hardware impairments are introduced to make the analyses more practical. It is worth noting that three jamming schemes, that is, the Gaussian noise jamming, the friendly jamming, and the scheme without jamming, are taken into account to explore the effect of the jammer comprehensively. The secrecy metrics such as the connectivity outage probability (COP), the security outage probability, and the secrecy throughput (ST), are derived for the passive eavesdropping scenario, while the ergodic secrecy capacity is analyzed for the active eavesdropping scenario. Moreover, to get intuitive insight from the closed‐form expressions, the asymptotic ST and the asymptotic COP under the condition of high signal‐to‐noise ratio are also considered. Finally, all the derivations are validated by Monte Carlo simulations, and the effects of different parameters on the performance of the network are analyzed.
Phytochemical profiles of edible flowers of medicinal plants of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium devonianum
Authors: Zhao Ming , Fan Jiakun , Liu Qianting , Luo Hui , Tang Qingyan , Li Chongping , Zhao Jurun , Zhang Xinfeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe discovery of new edible flowers that are nontoxic, innocuous flowers having human health benefits, surveys of their phytochemicals and utilization are of great scientific and commercial interest. Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium devonianum are precious Traditional Chinese Medicine. During the massive commercial cultivation, a lot of flowers were produced and certified as edible flowers, and the phytochemical profiles and bioactivities warrant evaluate. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemicals and antioxidative activities in flowers of D. officinale (DOF) and D. devonianum (DDF). In total, 474 metabolites were identified using a widely targeted metabonomics method, 16 amino acids and 6 flavonoids were measured using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and 8 fatty acids were detected using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Both flowers contained various amino acids, including 7 essential amino acids, diverse flavonoids, especially quercetin, kaempferol and their derivatives, and high levels of methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate. The relative levels of quercetin, kaempferol and their glycosides were higher in DDF than in DOF, whereas the relative levels of several flavonoids C‐glycosides were high in DOF. Ethanol extracts of both DOF and DDF showed antioxidative capacities including the scavenging of 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radicals. Both edible flowers contained flavonoids, amino acids, and fatty acids and have antioxidative activities, which should be explored for use in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
The prevalence of depression among iran‐iraq war veterans, combatants and former prisoners of war: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rahnejat Amir Mohsen , Ebrahimi Mohammadreza , Khoshdel Alireza , Noorbala Ahmad Ali , Shahmiri Barzoki Hassan , Avarzamani Lababeh , Avakh Farhad , Taghva Arsia 
Published: October 2021

By exposing individuals to trauma, wars can cause a host of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to collect and compare the studies conducted to estimate the prevalence of depression among veterans, former prisoners of war (POWs) and military personnel in the Iran–Iraq war (1980–1988). In this systematic review, a search was conducted using relevant keywords in major national and international databases, personal archives and national academic libraries. We screened 135 records using their abstracts and selected a total of 56 studies for full‐text review. Eventually, 19 studies were included in our systematic review and meta‐analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of depression among Iranian veterans and POWs was 22.4% (95% confidence interval = 15.0–32.0). Although the results indicated disparities in the prevalence of depression among veterans and POWs, the aggregate estimated prevalence was much higher than what has been reported for military personnel. Effective policies and strategies are required for prevention and treatment of depression and related psychiatric complications among veterans and former POWs.
Vibrational two‐photon microscopy for tissue imaging: Short‐wave infrared surface‐enhanced resonance hyper‐Raman scattering
Authors: Olson Jacob E. , Yu Jung Ho , Thimes Rebekah L. , Camden Jon P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMultiphoton microscopy using short‐wave infrared (SWIR) radiation offers nondestructive and high‐resolution imaging through tissue. Two‐photon fluorescence (TPF), for example, is commonly employed to increase the penetration depth and spatial resolution of SWIR imaging, but the broad spectral peaks limit its multiplexing capabilities. Hyper‐Raman scattering, the vibrational analog of TPF, yields spectral features on the order of 20 cm−1 and reporter‐functionalized noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) provide a platform for both hyper‐Raman signal enhancement and selective targeting in biological media. Herein we report the first tissue imaging study employing surface‐enhanced resonance hyper‐Raman scattering (SERHRS), the two‐photon analog of surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering. Specifically, we employ multicore gold‐silica NPs (Au@SiO2 NPs) functionalized with a near infrared‐resonant cyanine dye, 3,3′‐diethylthiatricarbocyanine iodide as a SERHRS reporter. SWIR SERHRS spectra are efficiently acquired from mouse spleen tissue. SWIR SERHRS combines two‐photon imaging advantages with narrow vibrational peak widths, presenting future applications of multitargeted bioimaging.
Evaluation of a new series of pyrazole derivatives as a potent epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitory activity: QSAR modeling using quantum‐chemical descriptors
Authors: Said Ridha Ben , Hanachi Riadh , Rahali Seyfeddine , Alkhalifah Mohammed A. M. , Alresheedi Faisal , Tangour Bahoueddine , Hochlaf Majdi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPyrazole derivatives correspond to a family of heterocycle molecules with important pharmacological and physiological applications. At present, we perform a density functional theory (DFT) calculations and a quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) evaluation on a series of 1‐(4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl) ethan‐1‐one and 4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothioamide derivatives as an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitory activity. We thus propose a virtual screening protocol based on a machine‐learning study. This theoretical model relates the studied compounds' biological activity to their calculated physicochemical descriptors. Moreover, the linear regression function is used to validate the model via the evaluation of Q2ext and Q2cv parameters for external and internal validations, respectively. Our QSAR model shows a good correlation between observed activities IC50 and predicted ones. Our model allows us to mitigate time‐consuming problems and waste chemical and biological products in the preclinical phases.
Assessment of antiphospholipid antibodies and calprotectin as biomarkers for discriminating mild from severe COVID‐19
Authors: Lee Anna , Nahm Chung Hyun , Lee Jin‐Soo , Lee Mi‐Kyeong , Lee Kyoung‐Ryul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the association of thrombo‐inflammatory biomarkers with severity in coronavirus disease (COVID‐19), we measured antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and calprotectin in sera of COVID‐19 patients.MethodsAnticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I antibodies were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and multiplex flow immunoassay (MFIA) in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients (N = 105) and healthy controls (N = 38). Anti‐phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies, calprotectin, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were also measured. We assessed the potential correlation between calprotectin levels and various laboratory parameters that were measured during the hospitalization period. After stratifying COVID‐19 patients into two groups by their oxygenation status or acute respiratory distress syndrome presentation, the discriminatory performance of each biomarker was evaluated.ResultsA high proportion of COVID‐19 patients (29.5%, 31/105) had low aCL IgM titers that were detectable by ELISA but mostly below the detection limit of MFIA. Calprotectin levels in severe groups of COVID‐19 were significantly higher than those in non‐severe groups, while CRP levels revealed no significant differences. Serum calprotectin levels showed strong to moderate degree of correlation with other routinely used parameters including peak levels of CRP, ferritin, procalcitonin, BUN, and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, but a negative correlation with minimal lymphocyte count and CD4+ T cells. The discriminatory performance was highest for calprotectin in discriminating severe groups of COVID‐19.ConclusionsSerum calprotectin levels were significantly elevated in severe COVID‐19 cases. The prevalence of clinically significant aPL did not differ. The link between calprotectin and inflammatory pathway in COVID‐19 may help improve the management and outcomes of COVID‐19 patients.
Identification of potential biomarkers associated with immune infiltration in papillary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Deng Ran , Li Jianpeng , Zhao Hong , Zou Zhirui , Man Jiangwei , Cao Jinlong , Yang Li 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapeutic approaches have recently emerged as effective treatment regimens against various types of cancer. However, the immune‐mediated mechanisms surrounding papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and identify the potential immune‐related biomarkers for pRCC.MethodsThe CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the abundance ratio of immune cells in each pRCC samples. Univariate Cox analysis was used to select the prognostic‐related tumor‐infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to develop a signature based on the selected prognostic‐related TIICs. Then, these pRCC samples were divided into low‐ and high‐risk groups according to the obtained signature. Analyses using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to investigate the biological function of the DEGs (differentially expressed genes) between the high‐ and low‐risk groups. The hub genes were identified using a weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) and a protein‐protein interaction (PPI) analysis. The hub genes were subsequently validated by multiple clinical traits and databases.ResultsAccording to our analyses, nine immune cells play a vital role in the TME of pRCC. Our analyses also obtained nine potential immune‐related biomarkers for pRCC, including TOP2A, BUB1B, BUB1, TPX2, PBK, CEP55, ASPM, RRM2, and CENPF.ConclusionIn this study, our data revealed the crucial TIICs and potential immune‐related biomarkers for pRCC and provided compelling insights into the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for pRCC.
Responses of CD27+CD38+ plasmablasts, and CD24hiCD27hi and CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B cells during primary dengue virus 2 infection
Authors: Lei Chenshuang , Yu Qinhua , Wang Hong , Liu JieJing , Chen Sufeng , Zhao Zhao , Qiu Liannv 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHumoral immunity is thought to play a central role in mediating the immunopathogenesis of dengue virus (DENV) infection; however, the B‐cell responses elicited by primary DENV2 infection are incompletely understood. Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) are important to promote B‐cell activation and differentiation.MethodsThe present study analyzed the detailed dynamic changes of circulating B‐cell subsets and Tfh (cTfh) using flow cytometry to explore their responses to DENV2 infection.ResultsThirty‐six patients with DENV2 and 21 healthy individuals were included. The results showed that CD27+CD38+ plasmablasts emerged after DENV2 infection, and correlated with CXCR5+PD‐1+ or CXCR5+ICOS+PD‐1+ cTfh, which increased after DENV2 infection, and correlated with DENV2 RNA viral loads. Significantly low levels of CD27− naïve B cells, and CD24hiCD27hi and CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B cells (Breg) were observed after DENV2 infection, which correlated negatively with CXCR5+PD‐1+ or CXCR5+ICOS+PD‐1+ cTfh cells.ConclusionOverall, these results provide insights into the DENV2‐elicited B‐cell response and revealed previously unidentified CD24hiCD27hi and CD24hiCD38hi Breg responses to DENV2 infection.
Characterization of LncRNA expression profile and identification of functional LncRNAs associated with unstable angina
Authors: Liu Sudong , Hou Jingyuan , Gu Xiaodong , Weng Ruiqiang , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidences suggest that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the association between lncRNAs expression profiles and unstable angina (UA) remained poorly known. Thus, the present study aims to investigate expression patterns, biological functions, and diagnostic value of lncRNAs in UA.MethodsThe present study explored the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of UA patients and normal coronary artery (NCA) controls using RNA‐seq. The biological function of differentially expressed lncRNAs was analyzed using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The expression of the selected lncRNAs was validated in another 44 UA patients and 46 NCA controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of lncRNAs for UA.ResultsA total of 98 lncRNAs and 615 mRNAs were observed differentially expressed in PBMCs of UA patients as compared to NCA controls. The 10 most upregulated lncRNAs were LNC_000226, DANCR, RP1‐167A14.2, LNC_002091, LNC_001526, LNC_001165, LNC_002772, LNC_000088, LNC_001226, and FAM157C, and the 10 most downregulated lncRNAs were RP11‐734I18.1, RP11‐185E8.1, RP11‐360I2.1, LNC_001302, LNC_001287, RN7SL471P, LNC_000914, LINC01506, RP11‐160E2.6, and LNC_000995. LNC_000226 and MALAT1 have high area under the curve values (AUC) for distinguishing UA from NCA patients (0.810 and 0.799, respectively), and the combination of MALAT1 and LNC_000226 increased the AUC value to 0.878.ConclusionsThe present study added our understanding about the lncRNA expression profile in UA patients and provided potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of UA.