bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Idarucizumab in Ischemic Stroke: A National Experience in a Middle Income Country and a Concise Review.
Authors: Rivillas Julián Alejandro , Akemi Arango , Hernán Bayona , Eugenia Jaramillo , Pablo Amaya 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Despite receiving anticoagulation for primary or secondary prevention for atrial fibrillation, new embolic events may occur. Current stroke guidelines contraindicate the use of thrombolysis if oral anticoagulants are used within 48 hours of symptom onset. Idarucizumab may be an alternative for patients receiving dabigatran with an acute stroke when alteplase is indicated. We present a series of four cases of patients who received idarucizumab in neurological emergencies in a middle-income country in Latin America.

Methods

Using the national pharmacologic surveillance data, we retrospectively collected the cases of idarucizumab used in acute stroke, including retinal thrombosis in Colombia between 2018 and 2020.

Results

Four male patients with atrial fibrillation received thrombolysis for acute stroke, and two of them received mechanical thrombectomy. No major complications during hospitalization were present. One of the patients that received combined therapy presented with hematuria; the other patient that received thrombolysis presented with groin hematoma, but none required transfusion. All had favorable mRS at discharge and 90-day follow-up.

Conclusion

The use of thrombolysis after reversal with idarucizumab in patients with ischemic stroke is safe. Our patients presented favorable mRS at discharge and 90-day follow-up. The low number of cases is related to the poor availability of idarucizumab. Only 11 hospitals in 5 cities have storage of the medication. Stronger public policies are needed to guarantee optimal stroke treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulation, including access to reversal and reperfusion therapies to reduce further disability, especially in a middle-income country such as Colombia.
Can Chest Computed Tomography Findings of Symptomatic COVID-19
Patients Upon Admission Indicate Disease Prognosis and Clinical Outcome?
Authors: Gunduz Yasemin , Karacan Alper , Karabay Oguz , Erdem Ali Fuat , Kindir Osman , Ozturk Mehmet Halil 
Published: June 2021

Aim:
This study aimed to investigate whether initial chest Computed Tomography (CT)
findings of COVID-19 patients could predict clinical outcomes, prognoses, and mortality rates associated
with the infection.

Background:
Published studies on chest CT in COVID-19 infection do not go beyond describing
the characteristics of the current period. Comparative analysis of chest CT findings upon hospital
admission among patients with different clinical outcomes is scarce.

Objective:
We sought to retrospectively evaluate and compare clinical outcomes, prognoses, and
mortality rates based upon the initial chest CT findings of 198 consecutive symptomatic patients
with COVID-19 confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

Method:
Patients (N = 198) were divided into three groups according to their clinical outcomes as
follows: group 1 (n = 62) included patients discharged from the service, group 2 (n= 60) included
patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit, and group 3 (n = 76) included patients who died despite
treatment.

Results:
Predictors of poor prognosis and mortality with regard to chest CT findings included mediastinal
lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, and pericardial effusion, and clinical characteristics of
age, dyspnea, and hypertension. The halo sign on chest CT was a good prognosis predictor in multivariate
analysis.

Conclusion:
Some CT findings, such as discharge, intensive care unit hospitalization, and death as
the worst consequence, significantly correlated with endpoints. These findings support the role of
CT imaging for potentially predicting clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19.
The Interplay Among Epilepsy, Parkinson’s Disease and Inflammation: Revisiting the Link through Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro B. 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Robust evidence has described that Parkinson´s disease (PD) is associated
with an increased risk for developing epileptic seizures. In fact, an interplay between PD and
epilepsy has been of interest for many years. An emerging hypothesis is that inflammation could
link both diseases.

Objective:
Bearing in mind the experience of our group in the field of Ca2+/cAMP signalling pathways,
this article discussed, beyond inflammation, the role of these signalling pathways in this link
between PD and epilepsy.

Methods:
Publications involving Ca2+/cAMP signalling pathways, PD, and epilepsy (alone or combined)
were collected by searching PubMed and EMBASE.

Results:
The comprehension of the interplay between PD and epilepsy could improve the drug therapy.
In addition, a Ca2+ signalling dyshomeostasis due to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),
an emerging and rapidly evolving situation, has been reported.

Conclusion:
Thus, this article also debated recent findings about therapeutics involving Ca2+ channel
blockers for preventing Ca2+ signalling dyshomeostasis due to COVID-19, including the correlation
among COVID-19, epilepsy, and PD.
Basal Cell Carcinoma Destruction by a Concentrate of Proteolytic Enzymes Enriched in Bromelain: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Rosenberg Lior , Singer Adam J , Shoham Yaron 
Published: June 2021

Objectives:
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer generally treated by a variety of surgical and non-surgical destructive therapies. A Concentrate of Proteolytic Enzymes Enriched in Bromelain (CPEEB) derived from the stems of pineapples is approved for use for debriding deep burns. Prior studies suggest that bromelain also has anti-tumor effects. We describe our preliminary off-label treatment experience using topical CPEEB for the destruction of six BCCs in three patients.

Methods:

CPEEB was self-applied by three patients on six different Morphea, nodular, and superficially invasive BCCs. The CPEEB was applied as a thin layer prior to bedtime and left for a period of 9-12 hours. The wound was then covered with a petrolatum-based ointment for the next 24 hours. Application of the CPEEB was repeated up to 5 times over the course of 10 days, during which the patients were monitored daily and reevaluated by a board-certified plastic surgeon. If necessary, the CPEEB was reapplied up to five additional times over the next 10-day period. If necessary, any remaining lesion was surgically excised (MOHS surgery). The patients were then followed for up to 1 year.

Results:
Six BCCs located on the face, neck, and extremities were self-treated by three patients with 2-6 CPEEB applications. All of the BCCs were completely removed after the CPEEB application. CPEEB application was associated with local irritation and mild itching pain which resolved untreated within hours. In one patient, two of the lesion’s sites were surgically excised after 6 months with no tumor cells noted on histopathology. None of the BCCs recurred over the next 1 year.

Conclusion:
Our preliminary findings are a proof-of-concept that a concentrate of proteolytic enzymes enriched in bromelain may be a safe and effective destructive treatment for basal cell carcinomas. Future studies on larger groups of BCC patients are necessary in order to elucidate the potential use of CPEEB for this indication.
Scaphechinus mirabilis Extract Effectively Inhibits the Proliferation of
BPH-1 and LNCaP Prostate Epithelial Cells
Authors: Kim Kyung-Hyun , Hong Geum-Lan , Karunasagara Shanika , Jung Ju-Young 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related disease characterized
by progressive proliferation of prostate stromal and epithelial cells. While the precise etiology
of BPH is still not clear, the proliferation of epithelial cells has been implicated in the development
of the disease. Scaphechinus mirabilis (S. mirabilis) is a marine species belonging to the order Clypeasteroida,
which contains flat, burrowing sea urchins.

Objective:
This study examined the effects of S. mirabilis extract on the proliferation of BPH-1 and
LNCaP prostate epithelial cells.

Methods:
BPH-1 and LNCaP cells were cultured and treated with S. mirabilis extract (50, 100, and
200 μg/ml). The viability of cells treated with S. mirabilis extract was determined by the MTT assay.

Results:
Proliferation of BPH-1 and testosterone-induced LNCaP cells was inhibited by treatment
with S. mirabilis extract. S. mirabilis extract suppressed the expression of androgen-related proteins,
such as androgen receptor, prostate-specific antigen, and 5α-reductase 2. S. mirabilis extract
inhibited testosterone-induced proliferation. Moreover, S. mirabilis extract induced apoptotic responses
by regulating the expression of caspase-9, Bcl-2, and Bax.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that S. mirabilis extract abrogated the expression of androgen-
related proteins by inducing apoptotic responses, which could be valuable for the design of
new therapeutic agents for the treatment of BPH.
Alcohol and Psychosis: A Narrative Review of the Prevalence, Clinical Manifestations, and Management of Alcohol-related Psychotic Symptoms
Authors: Barrio Pablo , Seeman Mary V. , González-Rodríguez Alexandre 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Alcohol use disorders, defined as the maintenance of alcohol use for at least a
12-month period despite negative psychological, biological, behavioral, and social consequences, are
frequently associated with psychotic symptoms.

Objective:
Our aim in this paper is to review alcohol-related clinical conditions that are accompanied
by psychotic symptoms, alcohol-induced psychotic disorder, alcohol withdrawal delirium, Wernicke’s
encephalopathy, Korsakoff’s dementia, comorbid schizophrenia, or delusional disorder.

Methods:
This is a non-systematic, narrative review based on the relevant literature indexed in
PubMed and Google Scholar databases [2000-2020].

Results:
Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder is characterized by the presence of auditory
hallucinations or delusions. In the state of alcohol withdrawal, tactile, visual hallucinations and
delusions are common. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, caused by malnutrition secondary to chronic
alcohol misuse, is characterized by the presence of ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and a range of mental
disturbances. The dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and alcohol use disorder rests on shared biological
impairments, as shown by neuroendocrinological and brain imaging studies. The subtype of the
delusional disorder called Othello’s syndrome, or delusional jealousy based on false beliefs of
infidelity, is often seen in the context of alcohol alone or alcohol and neurological disorder. Treatment
for alcoholic disorders with psychotic symptoms are dietary, psychological, and pharmacological.

Conclusions:
There are a number of alcohol-related psychotic syndromes, each requiring its own
specific treatment approach.
Derecho y Medicina
Authors: Negrete Doria Eduar Felipe 
Published: June 2021

El tema hace referencia a la responsabilidad médica y se desarrolla desde la perspectiva histórica hermenéutica del derecho clásico romano con base en la teoría jurídica de la argumentación de Alexis. Plantea la necesidad de estudios comparativos en derecho, como una forma de abordar fundamentos y criterios jurídicos transversales para confrontar su naturaleza. En él, se hace uso de principios jurídicos como el de la proporcionalidad, autorresponsabilidad, conducta humana, riesgo objetivo, ruptura del derecho y posición de garante entre otros para su desarrollo conceptual, especialmente en lo que corresponde a la evolución de la responsabilidad patrimonial partiendo del principio de la carga de la prueba enfocado desde las obligaciones de medio y de resultado y considerando la tensión jurídica en las decisiones judiciales. Los diferentes criterios jurídicos se desarrollan con base en casos clásicos celebres del derecho romano que tratan diferentes eventos.
Language and Sentiment Regarding Telemedicine and COVID-19 on Twitter: Longitudinal Infodemiology Study
Authors: Pollack Catherine C , Gilbert-Diamond Diane , Alford-Teaster Jennifer A , Onega Tracy 
Published: June 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated a rapid shift in how individuals interact with and receive fundamental services, including health care. Although telemedicine is not a novel technology, previous studies have offered mixed opinions surrounding its utilization. However, there exists a dearth of research on how these opinions have evolved over the course of the current pandemic.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate how the language and sentiment surrounding telemedicine has evolved throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Tweets published between January 1, 2020, and April 24, 2021, containing at least one telemedicine-related and one COVID-19–related search term (“telemedicine-COVID”) were collected from the Twitter full archive search (N=351,718). A comparator sample containing only COVID-19 terms (“general-COVID”) was collected and sampled based on the daily distribution of telemedicine-COVID tweets. In addition to analyses of retweets and favorites, sentiment analysis was performed on both data sets in aggregate and within a subset of tweets receiving the top 100 most and least retweets.

Results
Telemedicine gained prominence during the early stages of the pandemic (ie, March through May 2020) before leveling off and reaching a steady state from June 2020 onward. Telemedicine-COVID tweets had a 21% lower average number of retweets than general-COVID tweets (incidence rate ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.63-0.99; P=.04), but there was no difference in favorites. A majority of telemedicine-COVID tweets (180,295/351,718, 51.3%) were characterized as “positive,” compared to only 38.5% (135,434/351,401) of general-COVID tweets (P<.001). This trend was also true on a monthly level from March 2020 through April 2021. The most retweeted posts in both telemedicine-COVID and general-COVID data sets were authored by journalists and politicians. Whereas the majority of the most retweeted posts within the telemedicine-COVID data set were positive (55/101, 54.5%), a plurality of the most retweeted posts within the general-COVID data set were negative (44/89, 49.4%; P=.01).

Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, opinions surrounding telemedicine evolved to become more positive, especially when compared to the larger pool of COVID-19–related tweets. Decision makers should capitalize on these shifting public opinions to invest in telemedicine infrastructure and ensure its accessibility and success in a postpandemic world.
Smartloss: A Personalized Mobile Health Intervention for Weight Management and Health Promotion
Authors: Martin Corby K , Gilmore L. Anne , Apolzan John W , Myers Candice A , Thomas Diana M , Redman Leanne M 
Published: June 2021

Background
Synonymous with increased use of mobile phones has been the development of mobile health (mHealth) technology for improving health, including weight management. Behavior change theory (eg, the theory of planned behavior) can be effectively encapsulated into mobile phone-based health improvement programs, which is fostered by the ability of mobile phones and related devices to collect and transmit objective data in near real time and for health care or research professionals and clients to communicate easily.

Objective
To describe SmartLoss, a semiautomated mHealth platform for weight loss.

Methods
We developed and validated a dynamic energy balance model that determines the amount of weight an individual will lose over time if they are adherent to an energy intake prescription. This model was incorporated into computer code that enables adherence to a prescribed caloric prescription determined from the change in body weight of the individual. Data from the individual are then used to guide personalized recommendations regarding weight loss and behavior change via a semiautomated mHealth platform called SmartLoss, which consists of 2 elements: (1) a clinician dashboard and (2) a mobile phone app. SmartLoss includes and interfaces with a network-connected bathroom scale and a Bluetooth-connected accelerometer, which enables automated collection of client information (eg, body weight change and physical activity patterns), as well as the systematic delivery of preplanned health materials and automated feedback that is based on client data and is designed to foster prolonged adherence with body weight, diet, and exercise goals. The clinician dashboard allows for efficient remote monitoring of all clients simultaneously, which may further increase adherence, personalization of treatment, treatment fidelity, and efficacy.

Results
Evidence of the efficacy of the SmartLoss approach has been reported previously. The present report provides a thorough description of the SmartLoss Virtual Weight Management Suite, a professionally programmed platform that facilitates treatment fidelity and the ability to customize interventions and disseminate them widely.

Conclusions
SmartLoss functions as a virtual weight management clinic that relies upon empirical weight loss research and behavioral theory to promote behavior change and weight loss.
What works when: mapping patient and stakeholder engagement methods along the ten-step continuum framework
Authors: Edwards Hillary A , Huang Jennifer , Jansky Liz , Mullins CD 
Published: June 2021

Aim:This study provides a recommended ‘patient engagement translation table’ that identifies evidence-based methods for meaningful patient engagement along a ten-step framework for continuous engagement.Materials & methods:We used a mixed methods research design to collect data on preferred engagement methods, including an environmental scan of available literature, interviews and focus groups with patient-centered outcomes research stakeholders to match methods with research steps and a modified Delphi process with subject matter experts to create the final translation table.Results:Evidence-based engagement methods included community partnerships, focus groups, interviews, meetings, sharing print materials, social media, storytelling, surveys and including patients as research team members.Conclusion:Our recommended patient engagement translation table is designed to assist investigators in determining appropriate engagement methods for meaningful interactions with stakeholders.
El movimiento para la Liberación de la Mujer en Costa Rica (1975-1981)
Authors: Quesada Alexia Ugalde 
Published: June 2021

Este artículo recupera la historia de la primera agrupación de la segunda ola feminista en Costa Rica, el Movimiento para la Liberación de la Mujer (MLM). Con el objetivo de comprender cuáles ideas y debates introdujo en el país, se analizan sus discursos publicados en Qué hacer?, un periódico de la Organización Socialista de los Trabajadores (OST), primer partido trostskista costarricense. Se concluye que el MLM posicionó la discusión sobre los derechos reproductivos de las mujeres y la doble jornada laboral, gracias a un análisis de la realidad nacional que vinculó el feminismo radical con el marxismo.
Palabras clave: Historia; Segunda ola del feminismo; Doble militancia; Trotskismo; Derechos reproductivos; Planificación familiar
Social Rehabilitation Constraintsin Children Facing the Laws Management
Authors: Ningrum Prike , Elfitra Elfitra , Alfiandi Bob 
Published: June 2021

Program rehabilitasi sosial Anak Berhadapan dengan Hukum (ABH) merupakan upaya pemerintah untuk pemenuhan hak-hak dasar ABH selama di Lembaga Penyelenggaraan Kesejahteraan Sosial yaitu Panti Sosial Asuhan Anak Bina Remaja Budi Utama. Terdapat kendala PSAABR melaksanakan rehabilitasi sosial ABH. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kendala-kendala apa yang dialami oleh PSAABR dalam rehabilitasi sosial ABH. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori strukturasi yang dipelopori oleh Anthony Giddens yang memfokuskan pada hubungan dualitas antara agen dan struktur. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan hermeneutika ganda sebagai salah satu sub tipe riset kualitatif. Artikel ini akan menunjukkan bahwa kendala-kendala yang dihadapi pengelola PSAABR dalam rehabilitasi sosial ABH adalah kurangnya sumber daya manusia, minimnya anggaran dana untuk ABH, sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai, serta kurangnya pemahaman pengelola terkait metode penanganan ABH.Kata kunci: Anak, Hukum, Rehabilitasi, Sosial
A research into the development of models of random variables as part of the structural reliability analysis performed in the absence of some statistical information
Authors: Soloveva Anastasia A. , Solovev Sergey A. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The scientific review article addresses the approaches to the modeling of random variables performed as part of the structural reliability analysis of elements provided that some statistical information missing (limited). The objectives of the research include the statement of the problem of the probabilistic structural reliability analysis subject to incomplete statistical data, the study of the development of approaches to the generation of models of random variables within the framework of this problem, as well as the assessment of the current state of affairs in this field and some development prospects for the coming years.
Materials and methods. The principal model of a random variable, considered in the article, represents a p-box (pro­bability box) model. A p-box is an area of possible functions of distributed probabilities of a random variable generated by the two boundary functions of the probability distribution. The article addresses p-boxes generated using the fuzzy set theory, the probability theory, Kolmogorov–Smirnov boundaries, etc.
Results. The approaches, considered in the article, are illustrated by the numerical examples of p-boxes that use the same statistical data. P-boxes, based on the probability theory, allow to accurately simulate a random variable; however, a priori information about the type of the distribution function is needed. P-boxes, based on the possibility theory, can be used even if an extremely small amount of statistical data is available, and it is also necessary to carefully address the issue of assigning the cutoff (risk) level. P-boxes based on the Chebyshev inequality and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistics allow to effectively simulate random variables regardless of the type of the probability distribution. However, these approaches may generate an assessment that is too uninformative for decisions to be made in a number of tasks.
Conclusions. The choice of a probabilistic model of a random variable for the further reliability analysis of structural elements will depend on the amount and type of statistical data obtained about the random variable. In particular cases, if the statistical information represents a subset of intervals, special approaches based on the Dempster–Shafer theory can be used. A promising and relevant method that underlies both the development of probabilistic models of random variables and the analysis of structural reliability in case of missing statistical information encompasses the employment of numerical modeling methods that employ surrogate models (kriging, Bayesian networks, interval predictors, etc.) and neural network algorithms.