bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissimilar welding of aluminum alloys 2024 T3 and 7075 T6 by TIG process with double tungsten electrodes
Authors: Kaba Liamine , Djeghlal Mohammed Elamine , Ouallam Seddik , Kahla Sami 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the metallurgical and mechanical properties of dissimilar assemblies of 2024 T3 and 7075 T6 structural hardening aluminum alloy by TIG twine electrode arc welding process. It will include a weld performed according to optimized welding parameters followed by a study of the macroscopic and microscopic evolution of the dissimilar assembly (2024–7075) using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); In addition, the phase compositions were analyzed with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Tensile and microhardness tests were performed. The tensile fracture was observed by SEM. We have found that this process thins the weld bead and reduces the size of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the welded joint. The microhardness is lower in the melted area and higher on the side of the area affected by the heat especially for 7075 alloy, resulting in brittle strength and a sudden drop in breaking strength.
Longitudinal Trajectories of Cognitive Function after Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Buvarp Dongni , Rafsten Lena , Abzhandadze Tamar , Sunnerhagen Katharina S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background The study aimed to determine longitudinal trajectories of cognitive function during the first year after stroke. MethodsThe Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to screen cognitive function at 36-48 hours, 3-months, and 12-months post-stroke. Individuals who shared similar trajectories were classified by applying the group-based trajectory models. ResultsData from 94 patients were included in the analysis. Three cognitive functioning groups were identified by the trajectory models: high (14 patients [15%]), medium (58 [62%]) and low (22 [23%]). For the high and medium groups, cognitive function improved at 12 months, but this did not occur in the low group. After age, sex and education matching to normative MoCA form the Swedish population, 52 patients (55%) were found to be cognitively impaired at baseline, and few patients had recovered at 12 months. The impact on memory differs between cognitive functioning groups, whereas the impact on activities of daily live was not different.ConclusionsPatients with the poorest cognitive function did not improve at one-year poststroke and were prone to severe memory problems. These findings may help to increase focus on long-term rehabilitation plans for those patients, and to more accurately assess their needs and difficulties experienced in daily living.
Intranasal Delivery of Human Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Memory Deficits In Sporadic Alzheimer’s Rat Model By Regulating Neurotrophic and Apoptosis Genes
Authors: Eslami Ebrahim , Qiyami-Hour Farshid , Sadr Marjan , Ajdary Marziyeh , Shabani Ronak , Mehdizadeh Mehdi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in adulthood, which is followed by cognitive impairment and behavioral deficits. Today, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is a good therapeutic option to improve regenerative medicine in neurodegenerative disorders including AD. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the human Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) on Alzheimer's rat models by studying the expression of neurotrophic factors involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), as well as expression of apoptotic factors such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2, apoptosis inhibitor), BCL2-associated X protein (BAX, apoptosis initiator), and Caspase 3 (apoptosis executioner). Rat AD modeling was performed by intrahippocampal injection of amyloid β 1–42 (Aβ 1–42, 8 µg/kg). Animals were divided into 3 groups of 8 rat: I) control II) AD model III) MSC-treated. Behavioral tests (i.e. Passive Avoidance and Morris Water Maze) showed cognitive improvement, and amelioration of cells in the CA1 area of the hippocampus has been detected by cresyl violet (nissl) staining. Also, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the hippocampus indicated an increase in BDNF and NGF genes and a decrease in apoptosis-related genes (BCL2, BAX, and Caspase 3). Overall, WJ-MSCs improved cognitive functions in AD rat models by increasing neurotrophic factors and decreasing apoptotic factors.
Integrated Genetic and Phenotypic Analysis for the Capsulars from Different Serotype of Campylobacter jejuni
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Chen Xiaoli , Zhou Guilan , Gu Yixin , Wang Hairui , Zhang Jianzhong , Shao Zhujun , Zhang Maojun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Performance Analysis, Modelling, and Development of a Signal Conditioning Unit of N-Type Metal Oxide Gas Sensor for Acetone Gas Detection.
Authors: K ARUN , S LEKSHMI M , J SUJA K 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Metal oxide semiconductors have been widely used in the eld of gas sensor study. Various researches are being done to improve the sensitivity of the sensing material for applications like breath analyzers. In this work, a theoretical investigation and analysis of the n- type metal oxide for Acetone gas detection are carried out. The rate of change of resistance of the sensing material with respect to the change in the concentration of the target gas is analyzed. Acetone being a reducing gas the resistance was found to decrease for n-type material. The simulations were done using COMSOL Multiphysics and results showed that the resistance of the sensing layer varies with the concentration of the target gas. Also, the performance analysis of sensors has been compared with the experimental results. Further, we have also derived a mathematical expression connecting the relationship between the concentration of gas and the rate of change of resistance. The resistance change is observed to be proportional to the target gas concentration. A signal conditioning circuit was also designed for providing a user-friendly interface for monitoring the gas concentration. The simulation of the signal conditioning circuit was done using Proteus Design Suite. This work will aid researchers to define and predict the behaviour of gas sensors.
Whole-Course Conformal Radiotherapy Combined with Late-Course Accelerated Hyperfractionation Radiotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Report of 110 Cases
Authors: sun jianyong , huang weiju , chen jingbin , zhang yaohong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This retrospective study was designed to analyze the effect and prognostic factors of whole-course conformal radiotherapy and late-course accelerated hyperfractionation radiotherapy (LCAFRT) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods and materials: A total of 110 patients with ESCC received whole-course conformal radiotherapy and LCAFRT in Chaozhou City People’s hospital between May 2004 and January 2015. All patients received conventional conformal radiotherapy of 2 Gy per day up to 30–40 Gy, followed by accelerated hyperfractionation conformal radiotherapy using reduced fields at 1.5 Gy/fraction twice a day up to 24–39 Gy, with a total dose of 60–69 Gy.Results: Median follow-up was 85 months (2–170 months). The one-, three-, and five-year survival rates were 81.82%, 46.36%, and 41.82%, respectively. The median survival time was 31.8 months. The local control rates for the whole group at 1, 3, and 5 years were 82.73%, 70%, and 68.18%, respectively. There were no significant differences among 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates and local control rates between the three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy group and intensity-modulated radiotherapy group. The main reactions to acute radiotherapy were acute radiation tracheitis, esophagitis, and pneumonia. Multivariate analysis showed that the tumor location and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion: The results from this study showed that whole-course conformal radiotherapy and LCAFRT for ESCC can further improve survival and local control with a tolerable acute reaction compared to previous studies. Local recurrence and distant metastasis are the main failure modes of treatment.
Clinical Outcome, PROM’s, Power and Structural Integrity after Arthroscopic Subscapularis Tendon Repair
Authors: Fal Milad Farkhondeh Farkhondeh , Schwalba Knut , Hedtmann Achim , Kircher Jörn 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe objective of this study is to assess tendon integrity, shoulder function and subscapularis (SCP) power in comparison to the contralateral normal shoulder after arthroscopic SCP repair using the SICK stitch technique.MethodsThis study assessed 32 patients with arthroscopically repaired SCP lesions. The mean age was 63.3years. All patients were assessed with a clinical examination and ultrasound pre and postoperatively. Shoulder function was evaluated using specific clinical tests and established scoring systems. The muscular strength was measured using an Isoforce Control EVO2 device in two positions for SCP (standing and sitting).ResultsAt a mean follow up of 18 months n=30 patients showed significantly improved range of motion and clinical scores (pre, post), Constant score (39.2, 66.7), subjective shoulder test (3.5, 92.32), subjective shoulder value (46.6, 88.2) and disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand score (69.3, 34). All tendons showed full integration in ultrasound and there was no significant difference for lesion size or additional SSP lesion. In comparison to the contralateral side a good restoration of power was observed.ConclusionsAfter arthroscopic repair of the subscapularis tendon using the SICK-stich technique, patients show a good restoration of shoulder function and power accompanied by good patient satisfaction. Additionally treated lesions did not significantly affect the surgical outcome.
Neurofeedback Training Improves Long-Term Memory Performance
Authors: Tseng Yu-Hsuan , Tamura Kaori , Okamoto Tsuyoshi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Understanding and improving memory is vital to enhance human life. Theta rhythm is associated with memory consolidation and coding, but the trainability and effects on long-term memory of theta rhythm are unknown. This study investigates the ability to improve long-term memory using a neurofeedback (NFB) technique reflecting the theta/low-beta power ratio on an electroencephalogram (EEG). Our study consisted of three stages: First, the long-term memory of participants was measured. In the second stage, the participants in the NFB group received three days of theta/low-beta NFB training. In the third stage, the long-term memory was measured again. The NFB group had better long-term memory than the control group and significant differences in brain activity between episodic and semantic memory during the recall tests were revealed. These findings suggest that it is possible to improve the long-term memory abilities through theta/low-beta NFB training, which also improves episodic and semantic memory.
Ultrasound stimulation improves inflammatory resolution, neuroprotection, and functional recovery after spinal cord injury
Authors: Hong Yu-ri , Lee Eun-hee , Park Ki-su , Han Mun , Kim Kyoung-Tae , Park Juyoung 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with limited functional recovery. Despite advances in neuroscience, realistic therapeutic treatments for SCI remain unavailable. In this study, the effects of non-invasive ultrasound (US) treatment on behavior and inflammatory responses were evaluated in a rat model of SCI. Adult female Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to spinal cord contusion injury. Two different US parameters (SCIU5: 5% and SCIU40: 40% duty cycle) were applied, and their effects on behavioral recovery after SCI were quantified. Tissue and neuronal responses were detected. Immunofluorescence was used to detect inflammatory markers. In the rat model of SCI, motor function was more effectively restored, and the lesion cavity area was smaller in the SCIU5 group. Furthermore, the SCIU5 protocol elicited an anti-inflammatory response at the injury site by reducing degenerative FJC-labeled neurons, macrophage/microglia activation, and infiltration. Thus, the lesion area decreased, and tissue density increased. Meanwhile, the SCIU40 protocol did not improve motor function or induce an anti-inflammatory response at the injury site. The SCIU5 protocol effectively accelerated the rate of improved exercise performance in the rat model while reducing inflammation. Accordingly, appropriate US stimulation may represent a promising treatment modality for SCI with beneficial anti-inflammatory effects.
Genetic Variation of Amaranthus Retroflexus L. and Chenopodium Album L. Suggests Multiple Independent Introductions
Authors: Moghadam Shiva Hamidzadeh , Alebrahim Mohammad Taghi , Mohebodini Mehdi , MacGregor Dana R. , Tseng Te-Ming 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Chenopodium album ‎L. ‎are invasive plants that globally cause severe ecological and economic damage. In this ‎study, we collected‏ DNA from ‏populations of these highly successful invaders from three ‎countries and assessed genetic diversity using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Both weed species showed low genetic ‎diversity within a population and high genetic diversity among populations (GST = 0.82), and the value of gene flow among the populations was low (Nm = 0.1). Both UPGMA ‎clustering and principal coordinate analysis indicated the existence of four distinct groups for ‎A. retroflexus L. and C. album L., however these groups do not correlate with geographic ‎origin. The high levels of genetic diversity observed among populations indicates that ‎each population was individually introduced, probably through human activity. This‎ knowledge helps to guide weed management and control strategies for field populations of these two prominent invasive weeds ‎as it demonstrates each population must be considered separately and suggests they are ‎armed with a considerable variety of genetic traits that could be used to avoid management ‎practices.
Polarimetric coherent diffraction imaging on cancer-associated fibroblasts and SARS-CoV-2 viruses
Authors: Shi Xiaowen , Karpov Dmitry , Barringer Zach , Schold Elijah , Sarr Demba , N'gom Moussa , Kelber Jonathan , Fohtung Edwin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Simultaneously non-destructive, high resolution, and label-free imaging are of paramount
importance for studies of complex biological systems, from viruses to cell cultures. Electron imaging techniques achieve extreme resolution but require slicing the sample to obtain volumetric information. On the other hand, X-rays’ high penetrative ability combined with cryogenic temperatures allows access to high resolution while preserving the sample’s structure. However, both X-ray and electron techniques do not currently allow label-free imaging with tissue specificity. Here, we combine a polarimetric approach with coherent diffractive imaging to reveal new ways to overcome this by mapping variations of anisotropy in the complex refractive index of cellular structures to differentiate
between various tissues without chemical labeling. In this article, we demonstrate imaging of
cancer-associated fibroblasts using birefringent coherent diffractive imaging with enhanced sensitivity to fibrous structures and their orientation as well as the possibility to differentiate the nucleus of the cell. We also propose a modeled soft X-ray experiment on the SARS-CoV-2 virus to address the possibility of leveraging the polarimetric birefringent contrast to spatially resolve the dynamical interaction of the virus with its host environment. We hope that our approach can open up avenues in the future to map and understand how SARS viruses bind with human epithelial cells.
Hip tuberculosis at stage IV: Outcomes and some conditions for total hip replacement
Authors: Dang Hoan Do , Dao Xuan Thanh , Khac Trang Nguyen , Toan Ngo Van 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background : Total hip replacement during active hip tuberculosis has been a controversial issue for a long time. Some authors advocate hip replacement during the healed stage, while others believe it should be done in active hip tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to describe the surgical outcomes, a suitable time and necessary conditions for the total hip replacement in active hip tuberculosis. Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study. The study enrolled 40 patients with 42 active tuberculosis hips at stage IV treated by total hip replacement strategy between October 2016 and December 2019 at the National Lung Hospital, Vietnam. The patients had been done total hip replacement by either one- or two-stage depending on hip abscesses to assess surgical outcomes and some factors associated with the logistic regression analysis model. The patients were then evaluated based on Harris hip score and sinus tract formation. Results: The average follow-up was 30 months (range, 14-50 months). Surgical outcomes showed that 37 cases (88.1%) had an excellent hip function and no abscess or sinus tract formation. Four cases (9.5%) had sinus tract formations, but the hip function was still in the excellent class by Harris hip-score (HHS). One case (2.4%) had a good hip function with a Harris hip score of 86 points, without sinus tract formation. The binary logistic regression models revealed that sinus tract formation was associated with preoperative tuberculosis infection syndrome but not associated with pulmonary tuberculosis, acetabular osteomyelitis, trans-trochanteric osteomyelitis, a history of diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or corticosteroid dependence. The average time from patients getting antituberculosis treatment to hip replacement was 4.6 weeks. Conclusion: Total hip replacement for active hip tuberculosis was a practical and promised treatment method (excellent result: 88.1% and good: 11.9%). The surgery should be considered to improve patients' conditions pre-operation in taking anti-tubercular drugs, eliminating all abscesses, diminishing tuberculosis infection syndrome, inflammatory response, and choosing a suitable time of getting tuberculosis treatment.
Idarucizumab for the Reversal of Dabigatran-induced Anticoagulation in the Treatment of Gastric Bleeding: a Case Report
Authors: Jia Yu , Wang Shaohua , Cui Najuan , Liu Quanxi , Wang Wei , Li Xue , Gu Yamei , Zhu Yan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND:The drug instruction for dabigatran recommends the does adjustment 110 mg twice-a-day for the patient with bleeding risk, and at least 1 time of renal function test per year for moderate renal impairment. However, dabigatran still can be abnormal accumulation due to the chronic insidiously progressive renal insufficiency, which requiring idarucizumab to reverse the anticoagulation on account of acute erosive gastritis with extensive gastric mucosal bleeding.CASE SUMMARY: A 76-year-old female, with a history of Atrial Fibrillation (AF), took dabigatran 110 mg twice-a-day as recommended does adjustment to reduce the risk of stroke, and admitted to the hospital for the main complaints of hematemesis and melena. The laboratory findings showed severe life-threatening blood-loss anemia with hemoglobin (Hb) 41.0g/L, and significant coagulation abnormalities with thrombin time (TT) > 180s, most likely caused by dabigatran metabolic disorder. Aggressive acid suppressive, hemostatic and blood transfusion therapy brought out a short-time bleed-controlled misconception, which situation was exactly confirmed by re-bleeding. Idarucizumab was given timely to reverse the anticoagulation effect of dabigatran. 12 hours later, TT was tested as 17.4s which belonged to the normal range. Finally, she had no active bleeding signs, with labs showing Hb 104g/L and TT 17.7s.CONCLUSION:It is recommended to monitor renal function regularly, even coagulation function and dabigatran concentration, for the elder. There is at present no general agreement on the use of Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)–dabigatran coadministration to prevent upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Medical Care Disruptions During the First Six-Months of the COVID19 Pandemic: The Experience of Older Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Dilawari Asma , Rentscher Kelly , Zhai Wanting , Ahles Tim A , Ahn Jaeil , Bethea Traci , Carroll Judith E , Cohen Harvey , Graham Deena , Jim Heather , McDonald Brenna C , Nakamura Zev , Patel Sunita , Root James , Small Brent , Saykin Andrew , Tometich danielle , VanDyk Kathleen , Mandelblatt Jeanne 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
PurposeOlder cancer survivors required medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic despite infection risks, but there are limited data on medical care in this age group. Methods. We evaluated care disruptions in a longitudinal cohort of non-metastatic breast cancer survivors ages 60-98 from five US regions (n=321). Survivors completed a web-based or telephone survey from May 27, 2020 to September 11, 2020. Care disruptions included self-reported interruptions in ability to see doctors, receive treatment or supportive therapies, or fill prescriptions. Logistic regression models evaluated bivariate and multivariate associations between care disruptions and education, medical, psychosocial and COVID-19-related factors. Multivariate models included age, county COVID-19 rates, comorbidity and post-diagnosis time. Results. There was a high response rate (n=262, 81.6%). Survivors were 32.2 months post-diagnosis (SD 17.5, range 4-73). Nearly half (48%) reported a medical disruption. The unadjusted odds of care disruptions were significantly higher with more education (OR 1.23 per one-year increase, 95% CI 1.09-1.39, p =0.001) and greater depression (OR 1.04 per one-point increase in CES-D score, CI 1.003-1.08, p=0.033); tangible support decreased the odds of disruptions (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97-0.99 per one-point increase, p=0.012). There was a trend for associations between disruptions and comorbidity (unadjusted OR 1.13 per 1 added comorbidity, 95% CI 0.99-1.29, p=0.07). Adjusting for covariates, only higher education (p=0.001) and tangible social support (p=0.006) remained significantly associated with having care disruptions. Conclusions. Older breast cancer survivors reported high rates of medical care disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic and psychosocial factors were associated with care disruptions.