bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting total acid content quickly and accurately by combining hyperspectral imaging and an optimized algorithm method
Authors: Jiang Xinna , Hu Xinjun , Huang Haoping , Tian Jianping , Bu Youhua , Huang Dan , Luo Huibo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe total acid content of Daqu during fermentation directly influences the quality of the Daqu. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used to rapidly and accurately detect the total acid content of Daqu. The performances of two spectral ranges obtained by two hyperspectral cameras for Daqu total acid content were compared. Different pretreatment methods were used to build the partial least squares regression (PLSR) model, and the optimal pretreatment for the corresponding spectra was determined. A combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and successive projection algorithm (SPA) was used to select the feature wavelengths. The PCA algorithm optimized by SPA was more accurate than the PCA algorithm alone when extracting the feature wavelengths. PLSR, backpropagation neural network (BP), and the backpropagation‐genetic algorithm (BP‐GA) model were developed to predict the total acid content of the Daqu samples by using the full wavelengths and feature wavelengths, respectively. The predictive performance of each model was compared and analyzed. The optimal model was the MSC + PCA‐SPA+BP‐GA model ( = 0.8832, RMSEC = 0.1163, = 0.9724, RMSEP = 0.0593, RPD = 4.2860, AB_RMSE = 0.0570). In addition, the distribution of total acid content within the region of interest (ROI) of Daqu samples was visualized at different fermentation stages using the optimized model. These results show that HSI technology can rapidly and precisely detect the total acid content of Daqu and visualize the content distribution, which provides important technical support for upgrading and transforming the liquor.Practical ApplicationsDaqu is the saccharifying agent, leavening agent, and aroma‐generating agent of liquor brewing. During the fermentation process, the total acid content is an important indicator for the quality evaluation of Daqu. Therefore, it is highly significant to detect the total acid content in Daqu quickly and accurately. The HSI technique is widely used to detect the contents of various substances in food. In this study, the HSI technique combining the PCA‐SPA and BP‐GA algorithms was established to detect the total acid content of Daqu, and a satisfactory result was obtained, showing that HSI technology combined with an optimized algorithm could be used to realize rapid and accurate detection of the total acid content of Daqu. In addition, the predictive model proposed in this study is not only applicable for detecting other food substances but also this method has great potential for real‐time indicators detection in winery for future work.
A framework for incorporating physical activity in treatment: Competencies, guidelines, and implications for family therapists
Authors: Novak Josh R. , Ellis Faith K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhysical activity can have a profound impact on the cognitive, emotional, and social aspects of our clients’ lives, and can even boost and sustain therapy outcomes. And yet, family therapists may not be trained or educated in the importance of physical activity nor how to assess, educate, and collaborate with health professionals to incorporate physical activity in treatment. As the evidence grows on the connection between physical activity and biopsychosocial functioning and more family therapists enter medical and healthcare settings, a framework for physical activity competencies is needed. As such, the purpose of this conceptual and empirical review paper is to (a) review the important brain‐boosting benefits of physical activity for mental, cognitive, and social health, (b) provide a framework for the domains for family therapists for incorporating exercise in assessment and treatment, and finally, (c) outline recommendations for practice, education and supervision, and research for family therapists.
Does the inability of CA1 area to respond to ischemia with early rapid adenosine release contribute to hippocampal vulnerability?
Authors: Gulyaeva Natalia V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis Editorial highlights a remarkable study in the current issue of the Journal of Neurochemistry in which Ganesana & Venton (2021) report new data showing that brain ischemia does not elicit transient adenosine release in the CA1 hippocampal area. Using fast‐scan cyclic voltammetry at a carbon‐fiber microelectrode implanted in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus, it was shown that none of three different ischemia/reperfusion models could increase spontaneous, transient adenosine release, and more severe models even suppressed this presumably neuroprotective release. Since the authors have previously shown that in the caudate putamen, ischemia increased the frequency of spontaneous adenosine release (Ganesana & Venton, 2018), the new data may disclose a mechanism underlying important regional differences in rapid neuroprotective adenosine signaling. The phenomenon of selective susceptibility of the hippocampus to ischemia/hypoxia is well‐documented, and the reported failure of its CA1 area to respond to ischemia by rapid adenosine release may be indicative of an insufficiency of this neuroprotective mechanism contributing to hippocampal vulnerability.
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New advances and controversies in the framework of balance‐of‐payments‐constrained growth
Authors: Blecker Robert A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article surveys selected recent contributions and debates regarding fundamental aspects of the theory of balance‐of‐payments‐constrained growth (BPCG). The survey focuses mainly on studies, from roughly the period since 2010, in four broad (and related) areas: whether and how relative prices and the real exchange rate affect export performance and long‐run growth; the role of endogenous technological progress; the causes and consequences of structural change; and the dynamics of adjustment toward (or cycles around) a long‐run growth equilibrium with a balance‐of‐payments constraint. The discussion also highlights the increasing incorporation of insights from other theoretical traditions (Kaleckian, Kaldorian, Schumpeterian, Goodwinian, and structuralist) into the BPCG framework. The survey suggests the need to clarify the underlying assumptions and policy implications of the BPCG model and to complement its focus on long‐run growth rates with analyses of medium‐run adjustments and level effects.
Global cerebrospinal fluid as a zero‐reference regularization for brain quantitative susceptibility mapping
Authors: Dimov Alexey V. , Nguyen Thanh D. , Spincemaille Pascal , Sweeney Elizabeth M. , Zinger Nicole , Kovanlikaya Ilhami , Kopell Brian H. , Gauthier Susan A. , Wang Yi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe objective ofthis study was to demonstrate a global cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) method for a consistent and automated zero referencing of brain quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).MethodsWhole brain CSF mask was automatically segmented by thresholding the gradient echo transverse relaxation ( map, and regularization was employed to enforce uniform susceptibility distribution within the CSF volume in the field‐to‐susceptibility inversion. This global CSF regularization method was compared with a prior ventricular CSF regularization. Both reconstruction methods were compared in a repeatability study of 12 healthy subjects using t‐test on susceptibility measurements, and in patient studies of 17 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 10 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients using Wilcoxon rank‐sum test on radiological scores.ResultsIn scan‐rescan experiments, global CSF regularization provided more consistent CSF volume as well as higher repeatability of QSM measurements than ventricular CSF regularization with a smaller bias: –2.7 parts per billion (ppb) versus –0.13 ppb (t‐test p<0.05) and a narrower 95% limits of agreement: [−7.25, 6.99] ppb versus [−16.60, 11.19 ppb] (f‐test p<0.05). In PD and MS patients, global CSF regularization reduced smoothly varying shadow artifacts and significantly improved the QSM quality score (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe proposed whole brain CSF method for QSM zero referencing improves repeatability and image quality of brain QSM compared to the ventricular CSF method.
Age and sex differences in oral functions from junior high school to young adulthood: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Guo Ruoyan , Hama Yohei , Hosoda Akemi , Kubota Chieko , Minakuchi Shunsuke 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs oral function requires maintenance throughout life, it needs to be understood across age groups; however, few studies have investigated this in young individuals.ObjectivesTo clarify age and sex differences in maximum occlusal force, maximum tongue pressure and tongue‒lip motor function; and the relationship among these oral functions in junior high school students and young adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study investigated oral functions in students aged 12–13 years, 14–15 years old and 16–17 years old (S1, S2 and S3), and young adults aged 20–40 years (YA). We analysed age group differences in each sex and sex differences in each age group. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed for each sex using the maximum occlusal force as the dependent variable to investigate the associations among different oral functions.ResultsIn 522 children and 100 young adults, there were significant increases in oral functions with age in males and a significant decrease in maximum tongue pressure between S2 and S3 in females. Maximum occlusal force and tongue pressure were higher in males than in females in S3 and YA; tongue‒lip motor function was higher in females than in males in S1. In multiple linear regression analysis, tongue‒lip motor function and age group were significant factors in both sexes and in males, respectively.ConclusionMaximum occlusal force, maximum tongue pressure and tongue‒lip motor function increased with increasing age groups in males. Our findings provide a basis for assessing oral function across age groups.
Integrating and distinguishing personality and psychopathology
Authors: Wright Aidan G. C. , Hopwood Christopher J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe asked authors of this Special Issue to answer the following four questions: (1) Is there evidence that personality and psychopathology can be integrated? (2) Is integration important? (3) Can they be distinguished? and (4) How can the difference be measured?MethodWe review each of the papers and place the special issue in a historical context.ResultsAuthors uniformly agreed that personality and psychopathology can be integrated within a common structure and that this is important. The third and fourth questions were more challenging. Though authors generally agreed that there is a distinction between the person and their mental health problems, articulations of that distinction were fuzzy and it is clear that current methods cannot adequately delineate these domains.ConclusionsWe summarize the issue by offering five directions for future research: (1) develop measurement tools that distinguish between the person, the context, and their transaction, (2) measure behavior and context at multiple timescales, (3) distinguish behavior and dysfunction in measurement, (4) use multimethod data to tap different levels of behavior, and (5) examine person‐specific processes. Each of these directions comes with challenges, but the payoff of resolving them will be a more principled, evidence‐based, and clinically useful model for the distinction between personality and psychopathology.
Drought induces shifts in soil fungal communities that can be linked to root traits across 24 plant species
Authors: Lozano Yudi M. , Aguilar‐Trigueros Carlos A. , Roy Julien , Rillig Matthias C. 
Published: September 2021

Summary

Root traits respond to drought in a species‐specific manner, but little is known about how soil fungal communities and root traits respond to drought in concert.

In a glasshouse experiment, we determined the response of soil pathogens, saprotrophs, and mutualistic and all fungi associated with the roots of 24 plant species subjected to drought. At harvest, soil fungal communities were characterized by sequencing. Data on root traits were extracted from a previously published work.

Differences in fungal beta diversity between drought and control were plant species specific. For some species, saprotrophic fungi increased in relative abundance and richness with drought, whereas mutualistic fungi showed the opposite pattern. Community structure of pathogenic fungi was plant species specific but was slightly affected by drought.

Pathogen composition was correlated with specific root surface area and root : shoot, saprotroph abundance with root tissue density, whereas mutualist composition was correlated with root : shoot. All these were the fungal attributes that best predicted shoot mass.

Fungal response to drought depended highly on the fungal group and was related to root trait adjustments to water scarcity. This provides new insights into the role that root trait adjustments to drought may have in modulating plant–fungus interactions in grasslands ecosystems.
Resistance to a nonselective 4‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase‐inhibiting herbicide via novel reduction–dehydration–glutathione conjugation in Amaranthus tuberculatus
Authors: Concepcion Jeanaflor Crystal T. , Kaundun Shiv S. , Morris James A. , Hutchings Sarah‐Jane , Strom Seth A. , Lygin Anatoli V. , Riechers Dean E. 
Published: September 2021

Summary

Metabolic resistance to 4‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)‐inhibiting herbicides is a threat in controlling waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) in the USA. We investigated resistance mechanisms to syncarpic acid‐3 (SA3), a nonselective, noncommercial HPPD‐inhibiting herbicide metabolically robust to Phase I oxidation, in multiple‐herbicide‐resistant (MHR) waterhemp populations (SIR and NEB) and HPPD inhibitor‐sensitive populations (ACR and SEN).

Dose–response experiments with SA3 provided ED50‐based resistant : sensitive ratios of at least 18‐fold. Metabolism experiments quantifying parent SA3 remaining in excised leaves during a time course indicated MHR populations displayed faster rates of SA3 metabolism compared to HPPD inhibitor‐sensitive populations.

SA3 metabolites were identified via LC‐MS‐based untargeted metabolomics in whole plants. A Phase I metabolite, likely generated by cytochrome P450‐mediated alkyl hydroxylation, was detected but was not associated with resistance. A Phase I metabolite consistent with ketone reduction followed by water elimination was detected, creating a putative α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl resembling a Michael acceptor site. A Phase II glutathione–SA3 conjugate was associated with resistance.

Our results revealed a novel reduction–dehydration–GSH conjugation detoxification mechanism. SA3 metabolism in MHR waterhemp is thus atypical compared to commercial HPPD‐inhibiting herbicides. This previously uncharacterized detoxification mechanism presents a unique opportunity for future biorational design by blocking known sites of herbicide metabolism in weeds.
Plant defense compound triggers mycotoxin synthesis by regulating H2B ub1 and H3K4 me2/3 deposition
Authors: Ma Tianling , Zhang Lixin , Wang Minhui , Li Yiqing , Jian Yunqing , Wu Liang , Kistler Harold Corby , Ma Zhonghua , Yin Yanni 
Published: September 2021

Summary

Fusarium graminearum produces the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) which promotes its expansion during infection on its plant host wheat. Conditional expression of DON production during infection is poorly characterized.

Wheat produces the defense compound putrescine, which induces hypertranscription of DON biosynthetic genes (FgTRIs) and subsequently leads to DON accumulation during infection. Further, the regulatory mechanisms of FgTRIs hypertranscription upon putrescine treatment were investigated.

The transcription factor FgAreA regulates putrescine‐mediated transcription of FgTRIs by facilitating the enrichment of histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2B ub1) and histone 3 lysine 4 di‐ and trimethylations (H3K4 me2/3) on FgTRIs. Importantly, a DNA‐binding domain (bZIP) specifically within the Fusarium H2B ub1 E3 ligase Bre1 othologs is identified, and the binding of this bZIP domain to FgTRIs depends on FgAreA‐mediated chromatin rearrangement. Interestingly, H2B ub1 regulates H3K4 me2/3 via the methyltransferase complex COMPASS component FgBre2, which is different from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Taken together, our findings reveal the molecular mechanisms by which host‐generated putrescine induces DON production during F. graminearum infection. Our results also provide a novel insight into the role of putrescine during phytopathogen–host interactions and broaden our knowledge of H2B ub1 biogenesis and crosstalk between H2B ub1 and H3K4 me2/3 in eukaryotes.
Retracted: CircRNA_103948 inhibits autophagy in colorectal cancer in a ceRNA manner
Authors: Zhang Nanyang , Zhang Xianxiang , Xu Wenbing , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Mu Zepeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNA) is implicated in many types of cancer; however, the expression and role of circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly understood. In this study, a circRNA microarray assay was performed to detect abnormally expressed circRNAs in CRC, and tissue arrays were used to determine the prognosis for CRC patients. Cell counting kit‐8, clone formation, wound healing, and transwell assays were used to evaluate cell functions in vitro, and a mouse subcutaneous tumor model was designed for in vivo analysis. Autophagy was observed using confocal laser scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The expression of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA was detected using qPCR; western blot, RNA pull‐down assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, and dual luciferase assessment were applied for mechanistic studies. We found that circRNA_103948 expression is upregulated in CRC tissues, compared with adjacent normal tissues, and associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of circRNA_103948 suppressed CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circRNA_103948 could directly bind to miR‐1236‐3p and relieve suppression of the target TPT1. Furthermore, circRNA_103948 inhibited autophagy of CRC cells. Taken together, circRNA_103948 knockdown inhibited CRC cell growth by targeting miR‐1236‐3p/TPT1 axis–mediated autophagy. Thus, the circRNA_103948/miR‐1236‐3p/TPT1 axis affects CRC progression via modulation of autophagy.
Differences in regional gray matter volume predict the extent to which openness influences judgments of beauty and pleasantness of interior architectural spaces
Authors: Skov Martin , Vartanian Oshin , Navarrete Gorka , Modroño Cristian , Chatterjee Anjan , Leder Helmut , Gonzalez‐Mora José L. , Nadal Marcos 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHedonic evaluation of sensory objects varies from person to person. While this variability has been linked to differences in experience, little is known about why stimuli lead to different evaluations in different people. We used linear mixed‐effects models to determine the extent to which the openness, contour, and ceiling height of interior spaces influenced the beauty and pleasantness ratings of 18 participants. Then, by analyzing structural brain images acquired for the same group of participants, we asked if any regional gray matter volume (rGMV) covaried with these differences in the extent to which the three features influence beauty and pleasantness ratings. Voxel‐based morphometry analysis revealed that the influence of openness on pleasantness ratings correlated with rGMV in the anterior prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area (BA)‐10), and the influence of openness on beauty ratings correlated with rGMV in the temporal pole (BA38) and cluster, including the posterior cingulate cortex (BA31) and paracentral lobule (BA5/6). There were no significant correlations involving contour or ceiling height. Our results suggest that regional variance in gray matter volume may play a role in the computation of hedonic valuation and account for differences in the way people weigh certain attributes of interior architectural spaces.
A machine learning–based biological aging prediction and its associations with healthy lifestyles: the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort
Authors: Wang Chenming , Guan Xin , Bai Yansen , Feng Yue , Wei Wei , Li Hang , Li Guyanan , Meng Hua , Li Mengying , Jie Jiali , Fu Ming , Wu Xiulong , He Meian , Zhang Xiaomin , Yang Handong , Lu Yanjun , Guo Huan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aims to establish a biological age (BA) predictor and to investigate the roles of lifestyles on biological aging. The 14,848 participants with the available information of multisystem measurements from the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort were used to estimate BA. We developed a composite BA predictor showing a high correlation with chronological age (CA) (r = 0.82) by using an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm. The average frequency hearing threshold, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), gender, systolic blood pressure, and homocysteine ranked as the top five important features for the BA predictor. Two aging indexes, recorded as the AgingAccel (the residual from regressing predicted age on CA) and aging rate (the ratio of predicted age to CA), showed positive associations with the risks of all‐cause (HR (95% CI) = 1.12 (1.10–1.14) and 1.08 (1.07–1.10), respectively) and cause‐specific (HRs ranged from 1.06 to ∼1.15) mortality. Each 1‐point increase in healthy lifestyle score (including normal body mass index, never smoking, moderate alcohol drinking, physically active, and sleep 7–9 h/night) was associated with a 0.21‐year decrease in the AgingAccel (95% CI: −0.27 to −0.15) and a 0.4% decrease in the aging rate (95% CI: −0.5% to −0.3%). This study developed a machine learning–based BA predictor in a prospective Chinese cohort. Adherence to healthy lifestyles showed associations with delayed biological aging, which highlights potential preventive interventions.
Biomarkers for heart failure and prognostic prediction in patients with Fontan circulation
Authors: Inai Kei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA wide variety of pathologies are involved in heart failure in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Specific causes of heart failure after the Fontan procedure include not only single‐ventricle circulation, but also the function of the right ventricle as the systemic ventricle, atrioventricular or semilunar valve stenosis or regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension, and left ventricular dysfunction secondary to right ventricular enlargement or dysfunction. As heart failure can occur post‐Fontan, for a variety of reasons, clarification of the pathophysiology is the first step in management and treatment. At the same time, it is important to understand each patient's current condition and treatment plan to make an accurate prognosis. Because of the wide variety of pathophysiologies in post‐Fontan CHD patients, however, no single biomarker is useful in all situations. Relevant biomarkers must be selected according to each patient’s disease state, and combinations of multiple biomarkers should also be considered. In this review, the author describes the clinical importance of various biomarkers for patients who have undergone a Fontan procedure.