bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event-triggered neuroadaptive output-feedback control for nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems with given performance specifications
Authors: Yang Di , Liu Weijun , Guo Chen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on the event-triggered neuroadaptive output-feedback tracking control issue for nonstrict-feedback nonlinear systems with given performance specifications. By constructing a neural observer to estimate unmeasurable states, a novel event-triggered controller is presented together with a piecewise threshold rule. The presented event-triggered mechanism has two thresholds to reduce communication resources between the controller and actuator. An improved speed transformation function is introduced to make the output tracking error converge to a preassigned small region at predesigned converging mode within preset finite time. Combining the variable separation method based on the structural property of radial basis function (RBF) and backstepping technology, the algebraic loop problem caused by the nonstrict-feedback structure is overcome. The command filtered technology with filtering error compensating signal is applied to address the “explosion of complexity” problem. Furthermore, Lyapunov stability analysis demonstrates that under the presented event-triggered controller, all signals in the closed-loop system are semiglobally bounded, and the Zeno-behaviour is ruled out strictly. Numerical simulations are finally provided to illustrate the presented control scheme.
High Serum Uric Acid Trajectories are Associated with Risk of Myocardial Infarction and All-Cause Mortality in General Chinese Population
Authors: Tian Xue , Zuo Yingting , Chen Shuohua , Wu Shouling , Wang Anxin , Luo Yanxia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Long-term patterns of serum uric acid (SUA) and their association with the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and mortality are poorly characterized as prior studies measured SUA at a single time point. This study aimed to identify SUA trajectories and determine their associations with incident MI and all–cause mortality.Methods: We included 85,503 participants who were free of MI in or prior 2012 from the Kailuan study. SUA trajectories during 2006-2012 were identified by group-based trajectory modeling. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association of SUA trajectories with MI and all–cause mortality.Results: We identified three SUA trajectories during 2006-2012: low-stable (n=44,124, mean SUA: 236.55-249.53 μmmol/L), moderate-stable (n=34,431, mean SUA: 324.38 -354.24 μmmol/L) and high-stable (n=6,984, mean SUA: 425.16-463.25 μmmol/L). During a median follow-up of 6.76 years, we documented 817 (0.96%) incident MI and 6,498 (7.60%) mortality. Compared with the low-stable group, high-stable group experienced a higher risk of MI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.35; 95% confidence [CI], 1.07-1.71) and all–cause mortality (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.12-1.33). Multiple sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. Additionally, the association of SUA trajectory with MI and all–cause mortality was more pronounced in individuals without a history of hypertension (P-interaction=0.0359) and those aged <60 years (P-interaction<0.0001), respectively.Conclusions: Higher SUA trajectories were associated with altered risk of MI and all–cause mortality, suggesting that monitoring SUA trajectory may assist in identifying subpopulations at higher risk of MI and all-cause mortality.
Immunoassay standardization for the detection of immunoglobulin A (IgA) against Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in saliva of individuals with and without leprosy
Authors: Calheira Mariana Costa , Trindade Soraya Castro , Falcão Michelle Miranda Lopes , Barbosa Luciana Sales Conceição , Carvalho Gislene Regina Batista , Machado Paulo Roberto Lima , Gomes-Filho Isaac Suzart , Campos Elisangela de Jesus , de Carvalho-Filho Paulo Cirino , Xavier Márcia Tosta , de Farias Antonio Pedro Fróes , Filho José Tadeu Raynal Rocha , Passos-Soares Johelle de Santana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Leprosy reactions are immune processes that cause neural damage in individuals with leprosy. As periodontitis is an infectious disease related to its development, specific antibodies to periodontal pathogens must be evaluated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to standardize an immunoassay to measure IgA specific to P. gingivalis antigens in the saliva of individuals with leprosy. An ELISA checkerboard titration was performed. A validation test involving 53 individuals with leprosy, 24 with and 19 without periodontitis, was conducted and a ROC curve constructed to calculate sensitivity and specificity. The coefficient of the optical densities was 2.21 and 2.66 for P. gingivalis crude extract and HmuY, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for the P. gingivalis crude extract were 66.7% and 73.7%, respectively, and for HmuY, were 62.5% and 52.6%, respectively. Specific recognition of P. gingivalis occurred predominantly in individuals with periodontitis, which validates the use of this test for studying periodontitis in individuals with leprosy.Trial registration: CAEE 64476117.3.0000.0049, 21/07/2017, retrospectively registered.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with COVID-19 in a critically ill child: A Peruvian case report
Authors: Domínguez-Rojas Jesús Angel , Campano William , Tasayco Jaime , Siu-Lam Andrea , Ortega-Ocas Cesia , Atamari-Anahui Noé 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disease. This pathology requires necessary resources for its diagnosis, especially in the context of the pandemic by the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus due to the lack of diagnostic tests and the variable response to plasma exchange in middle and low-income countries.
Case report:
We report a case of a 9-year-old Hispanic boy with SARS-CoV-2 (IgG) infection, with atypical presentation and multisystemic involvement, thrombotic microangiopathy, dermal manifestations, hematologic, kidney, and neurologic involvement. Post SARS-CoV-2 infection evolution, application of the PLASMIC score, and genetic study were performed. Ventilatory and hemodynamic support, corticotherapy, immunoglobulins, plasma exchange, renal replacement therapy, and monoclonal antibodies were given without favorable response.
Conclusions
TTP associated with SARS-CoV-2 is infrequent in the pediatric population. Necessary resources are needed to make the diagnosis and maintain the necessary support and management to avoid fatal outcomes.
HLA Complex P5 Upregulation Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis and Tumor Progression in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Yu Zhijun , Shi Weidong , Shen Jian , Guan Yun , Ni Feng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly malignant tumor that threatens human health, especially in China. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is widely expressed in eukaryotes and is closely associated with human disease progression. However, its role in ESCC remains incompletely understood. Here, we tested the role of HLA complex P5 (HCP5) in ESCC.Methods: Three GEO databases containing lncRNA expression data of ESCC and normal tissues were used to analyze the differentially expressed lncRNAs. The location of HCP5 was tested by qRT-PCR and FISH assays. The functional assay was detected by CCK-8, colony formation and Transwell assays. The HCP5/YTHDF1/HK2 axis was determined by RIP and RNA pull-down assays.Results: HCP5 was significantly overexpressed in ESCC tissues, which was further verified in our collected ESCC samples. The functional study suggested that HCP5 knockdown inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and invasion. Regarding the mechanism, HCP5 was able to directly interact with YTHDF1, a N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader, enhancing the binding of YTHDF1 to m6A-modified HK2 mRNA, leading to increased HK2 stability, thereby promoting the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis) of ESCC cells. The nude mice model showed that knockdown of HCP5 in vivo remarkably reduced tumor size. Clinically, high HCP5 was positively correlated with larger tumor volume, higher TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, ESCC patients with high HCP5 exerted shorter survival time than patients with low HCP5. Conclusion: These findings uncover the importance of HCP5 in human ESCC progression, the turbulence of HCP5/YTHDF1/HK2 axis may be responsible for ESCC carcinogenicity.
Modified Van der Pol-Helmohltz oscillator equation with exact harmonic solutions
Authors: O. AKPLOGAN Abdou R. , Damien ADJAI K. K. , Jean AKANDE , H. AVOSSEVOU Gabriel Y. , D. MONSIA Marc 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present in this paper an exceptional Lienard equation consisting of a modified Van der Pol-Helmholtz oscillator equation. The equation, a frequency-dependent damping oscillator, does not satisfy the usual existence theorems but, nevertheless, has an isochronous centre at the origin. We exhibit the exact and explicit general harmonic and isochronous solutions by using the first integral approach. The numerical results match very well analytical solutions.
NFκB mediates the anti-inflammatory actions of liraglutide and sitagliptin in experimentally model of colitis in mice
Authors: Nabeh Omnia Azmy , Attallah Magdy Ishaq , El-Gawhary Nawal El-Sayed , Mostafa Wael Mohamed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a serious illness that negatively affects the human health due to its chronic course and serious complications. Glucagon like peptide (GLP-1) and its degradation enzyme inhibitor; dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-IV inhibitor, are used primarily as anti-diabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, current evidence suggests that both; GLP-1 (e.g. liraglutide) and the DPP-IV inhibitor (e.g. sitagliptin) may have a potential anti-inflammatory effect on various organ systems. This study was aimed to evaluate the potential of liraglutide and sitagliptin to improve colitis induced experimentally in mice using intra-rectal acetic acid, in comparison with sulfasalazine. Intra-rectal acetic acid was used to induce colitis in mice. The degree of inflammation was assessed using disease activity index, histopathological scoring, colonic length measurement as well as the colonic tissue expression of: the transcription factor; nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), the oxidative stress marker; malondialdehyde and the inflammatory parameter; C-reactive protein. Moreover, random blood glucose was measured to ensure the safety of the tested drugs. Our results showed the positive impact of both liraglutide and sitagliptin on the assessed inflammatory parameters and their tolerability compared with sulfasalazine. Further clinical studies are needed to investigate the possibility to consider GLP axis as therapeutic adjuvants for IBD in the future.
Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing by Suppressing the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9
Authors: Wang Jiang-wen , Zhu Yuan-zheng , Hu Xuan , Nie Jia-ying , Wang Zhao-hui , Wu Shu , Yi Yang-yan 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The healing of diabetic wounds is poor due to a collagen deposition disorder.
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is closely related to collagen deposition in the process of tissue
repair. Many studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles derived from adipose-derived stem
cells (ADSC-EVs) promote diabetic wound healing by enhancing collagen deposition.

Objective:
In this study, we explored whether ADSC-EVs could downregulate the expression of
MMP-9 in diabetic wounds and promote wound healing by improving collagen deposition. The potential
effects of ADSC-EVs on MMP-9 and diabetic wound healing were tested both in vitro and in
vivo.

Methods:
We first evaluated the effect of ADSC-EVs on the proliferation and MMP-9 secretion of
HaCaT cells treated with advanced glycation end product-bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) using
CCK-8, western blot and MMP-9 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Next, the effects of
ADSC-EVs on healing, re-epithelialisation, collagen deposition, and MMP-9 concentration in diabetic
wound fluids were evaluated in an immunodeficient mouse model via MMP-9 ELISA and haematoxylin
and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, and immunofluorescence staining for MMP-9.

Results:
In vitro, ADSC-EVs promoted the proliferation and MMP-9 secretion of HaCaT cells. In
vivo, ADSC-EVs accelerated diabetic wound healing by improving re-epithelialisation and collagen
deposition and by inhibiting the expression of MMP-9.

Conclusion:
ADSC-EVs possess the potential of healing of diabetic wounds in a mouse model by inhibiting
downregulating MMP-9 and improving collagen deposition. Thus, ADSC-EVs are a promising
candidate for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
Lipotoxicity Disrupts Erythrocyte Function: A Perspective
Authors: Papadopoulos Charalampos , Tentes Ioannis , Anagnostopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Lipid accumulation in the liver, skeletal and cardiac muscle, kidneys and
pancreas causes cell dysfunction, death and inflammation, a biological phenomenon named lipotoxicity.
Erythrocytes participate in the transport of lipids in the circulation, and their lipidome is
determined by exchange with blood components.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the effect
of toxic lipid accumulation in erythrocytes.

Results:
Erythrocyte lipidome is altered in lipotoxic diseases, such as fatty liver disease, heart failure
and diabetes. In addition, ceramide, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidic acid, palmitic
acid and free cholesterol induce erythrocyte malfunction.

Conclusion:
Erythrocytes are an additional cell target of lipotoxicity. Further exploration of the implicated
molecular mechanisms could lead to novel therapeutic targets for cardiometabolic and hematological
diseases.
Interplay between Heat Shock Proteins, Inflammation and Pain: A Promising
Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Forouzanfar Fatemeh , aminian Ahmad Reza 
Published: July 2021

:
Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) are important molecular chaperones that facilitate many
functions of the cells. They also play a pivotal role in cell survival, especially in the presence of
stressors, including nutritional deprivation, lack of oxygen, fever, alcohol, inflammation, oxidative
stress, heavy metals, as well as conditions that cause injury and necrosis. In the face of a painful stimulus
encounter, many factors could be associated with pain that may include nitric oxide, excitatory
amino acids, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, prostaglandins, and inflammatory cytokines.
One influential factor affecting pain reduction is the expression of HSPs that act as a ROS
scavenger, regulate the inflammatory cytokines, and reduce pain responses subsequently. Hence,
we assembled information on the painkilling attributes of HSPs. In this field of research, new
painkillers could be developed by targetting HSPs to alleviate pain and widen our grasp of pain in
pathological conditions and neurological diseases.
Screening of Phytochemicals from Curcuma Longa for their Inhibitory Activity
on SARS-CoV-2: An In-Silico Study
Authors: Negi Preeya , Das Lalita , Prakash Surya , Patil Vaishali M. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Natural products or phytochemicals have always been useful as effective
therapeutics providing the lead for rational drug discovery approaches in specific to anti-viral therapeutics.

Methods:
The ongoing pandemic caused by novel coronavirus has created a demand for effective
therapeutics. Thus, to achieve the primary objective to search for effective anti-viral therapeutics,
in silico screening of phytochemicals present in the extract of Curcuma longa (ex. Curcumin) has
been planned.

Results:
The present work involves the evaluation of ADME properties and molecular docking
studies.

Conclusion:
The application of rationalized drug discovery approaches to screen the diverse natural
resources will speed up the anti-COVID drug discovery efforts and benefit the global community.
Acceleration of Baylis-Hillman Reaction using Ionic Liquid Supported
Organocatalyst
Authors: Srivastava Vivek 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Baylis-Hillman reaction requires cheap starting materials, easy reaction
protocol, and possibility to create the chiral center in the reaction product has increased the synthetic
efficacy of this reaction which also suffers from high catalyst loading, low reaction rate, and
poor yield.

Objective:
The extensive use of various functional or non-functional ionic liquids (ILs) with
organocatalyst acts not only as reaction medium but also as a support to anchor the catalysts to increase
the reaction rate of various organic transformations.

Methods:
In this manuscript, we have demonstrated the synthesis of quinuclidine-supported
trimethylamine-based functionalized ionic liquid as a catalyst for the Baylis-Hillman reaction.

Results:
We obtained the Baylis-Hillman adducts in good, isolated yield along with low catalyst
loading, short reaction time, wide substrate scope, easy product, and catalyst recycling. N-
((E,3S,4R)-5-benzylidene-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl) palmitamide was also successfully
synthesized using CATALYST-3 promoted Baylis-Hillman reaction.

Conclusion:
We successfully isolated the 25 types of Baylis-Hillman adducts using three different
quinuclidine-supported ammonium-based ionic liquids such as Et3AmQ][BF4] (CATALYST-1),
[Et3AmQ][PF6] (CATALYST-2), and [TMAAmEQ][NTf2](CATALYST-3) as new and efficient
catalysts. Generally, all the reactions demonstrated higher activity and gave good to high yield in
competition with various previously reported homogenous and heterogeneous catalytic systems.
Easy catalyst and product recovery followed by 6 times of catalysts recycling were the added advantages
of the prosed catalytic system. Tedious and highly active N-((E,3S,4R)-5-benzylidene-tetrahydro-
4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl) palmitamide derivative was also synthesized using CATALYST-
3 followed by Baylis-Hillman reaction.
Lessons From a Rapid Project Management Exercise in the Time of Pandemic: Methodology for a Global COVID-19 VIRUS Registry Database
Authors: Turek Janice R , Bansal Vikas , Tekin Aysun , Singh Shuchita , Deo Neha , Sharma Mayank , Bogojevic Marija , Qamar Shahraz , Singh Romil , Kumar Vishakha , Kashyap Rahul 
Published: July 2021

Background
The rapid emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic globally collapsed health care organizations worldwide. Incomplete knowledge of best practices, progression of disease, and its impact could result in fallible care. Data on symptoms and advancement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus leading to critical care admission have not been captured or communicated well between international organizations experiencing the same impact from the virus. This led to the expedited need for establishing international communication and data collection on the critical care patients admitted with COVID-19.

Objective
Developing a global registry to collect patient data in the critical care setting was imperative with the goal of analyzing and ameliorating outcomes.

Methods
A prospective, observational global registry database was put together to record extensive deidentified clinical information for patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Results
Project management was crucial for prompt implementation of the registry for synchronization, improving efficiency, increasing innovation, and fostering global collaboration for valuable data collection. The Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery VIRUS (Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study): COVID-19 Registry would compile data for crucial longitudinal outcomes for disease, treatment, and research. The agile project management approach expedited establishing the registry in 15 days and submission of institutional review board agreement for 250 participating sites. There has been enrollment of sites every month with a total of 306 sites from 28 countries and 64,114 patients enrolled (as of June 7, 2021).

Conclusions
This protocol addresses project management lessons in a time of crises which can be a precept for rapid project management for a large-scale health care data registry. We aim to discuss the approach and methodology for establishing the registry, the challenges faced, and the factors contributing to successful outcomes.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04323787; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04323787
Predicting Antituberculosis Drug–Induced Liver Injury Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Method: Model Development and Validation Study
Authors: Zhong Tao , Zhuang Zian , Dong Xiaoli , Wong Ka Hing , Wong Wing Tak , Wang Jian , He Daihai , Liu Shengyuan 
Published: July 2021

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a pandemic, being one of the top 10 causes of death and the main cause of death from a single source of infection. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common and serious side effect during the treatment of TB.

Objective
We aim to predict the status of liver injury in patients with TB at the clinical treatment stage.

Methods
We designed an interpretable prediction model based on the XGBoost algorithm and identified the most robust and meaningful predictors of the risk of TB-DILI on the basis of clinical data extracted from the Hospital Information System of Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control from 2014 to 2019.

Results
In total, 757 patients were included, and 287 (38%) had developed TB-DILI. Based on values of relative importance and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, machine learning tools selected patients’ most recent alanine transaminase levels, average rate of change of patients’ last 2 measures of alanine transaminase levels, cumulative dose of pyrazinamide, and cumulative dose of ethambutol as the best predictors for assessing the risk of TB-DILI. In the validation data set, the model had a precision of 90%, recall of 74%, classification accuracy of 76%, and balanced error rate of 77% in predicting cases of TB-DILI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve score upon 10-fold cross-validation was 0.912 (95% CI 0.890-0.935). In addition, the model provided warnings of high risk for patients in advance of DILI onset for a median of 15 (IQR 7.3-27.5) days.

Conclusions
Our model shows high accuracy and interpretability in predicting cases of TB-DILI, which can provide useful information to clinicians to adjust the medication regimen and avoid more serious liver injury in patients.
Perceptions of Tone at the Top from the Inside: Insights into Audit Pricing
Authors: Garrett Jace B. , Hoitash Rani , Prawitt Douglas F. 
Published: July 2021

SUMMARY
Tone at the top plays an important role in entities' internal control over financial reporting (ICFR) and in auditors' planning and risk assessment decisions. Using a novel measure based on employee perceptions, we find that strong tone at the top is associated with reduced audit pricing and that this relation holds even for firms that report effective ICFR. This relation is stronger when employees' tone perceptions are more consistent throughout the organization, when accounting is more complex, and when earnings manipulation risk is higher. We also find that strong tone is negatively associated with the incidence of reported material weaknesses and positively associated with positive abnormal accruals, and that the management integrity component of tone is more strongly associated with audit pricing than is the quality of management communication. Finally, we find evidence that auditors become familiar with employees' tone perceptions in the normal course of an audit.