bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infections in the Intensive Care Unit of a Hospital in Iran
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Kazemifar Amir Mohammad , Yahyaee Alireza ,   Medical School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Seddighi Mahyar ,   Department of Anesthesiology (Intensive Care Unit), Medical School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Soleimannejad Maryam ,   Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Nosocomial infections account for about one third of deaths in hospitals. Objective: In this study, we aim to determine the factors affecting the incidence of nosocomial infections in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) to provide more information for helping improve the prevention and treatment of these infections in the hospitals located in Iran. Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in 2017 on 86 patients admitted to the general ICU of Boo Ali Sina Hospital in Qazvin, Iran. We extracted the patients’ demographic and clinical information (e.g. blood and urine culture results) from their medical records. Findings: The prevalence of nosocomial infections were reported 24.3; 38.4% of infections was related to Acinetobacter and 18.6% to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other microorganisms. The highest antibiotic resistance in patients was to Cefepime (64%) and Ciprofloxacin (60%). Conclusion: The prevalence of nosocomial infections in the general ICU of the study hospital is relatively high with different strains and varied patterns of antibiotic resistance indicating the need for more comprehensive studies and preventive measures in the country.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ ПАРТНЕРСТВА У ПІДГОТОВЦІ ПЕДАГОГІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Радкевич Валентина , Бородієнко Олександра , Кручек Вікторія , Радкевич Олександр 
Published: January 2021

Актуальність: у системі підготовки педагогів для професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти бракує взаємодії між суб’єктами цього процесу, стейкхолдерами та іншими зацікавленими сторонами, що зумовлює її невідповідність потребам ринку праці, знижує якість освіти. Разом з тим, сформованість професійних компетентностей викладачів визначає не лише якість підготовки здобувачів професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти, але й усієї системи, що спрямована на забезпечення економіки країни кваліфікованими робітничими кадрами. Механізми управління професійною підготовкою викладачів для закладів професійно-технічної освіти (ПТО) потребують перегляду та вдосконалення. Одним з інструментів розв’язання цієї проблеми є управління на основі партнерства та стандартизації. Тому дослідження сучасного стану партнерства у підготовці педагогів професійної освіти заради розроблення нових механізмів управління підготовкою є надзвичайно актуальним.
Мета: аналіз сучасного стану партнерства у підготовці педагогів професійної освіти.
Методи: аналіз наукової літератури, законодавчо-нормативних документів – для вивчення сучасних тенденцій в управлінні професійною підготовкою педагогів; метод опитування (анкетування з використанням веб-сервісу GoogleForms), метод експертного оцінювання, порівняльний аналіз – для з’ясування сучасного стану партнерства у підготовці педагогів професійної освіти.
Результати: представлено результати опитування викладачів закладів вищої освіти, які здійснюють підготовку здобувачів за спеціальністю «Професійна освіта», здобувачів вищої освіти, педагогів та керівників закладів професійної освіти.
Висновки: опитування засвідчило факт недосконалості існуючої системи підготовки педагогів професійного навчання, зокрема: несистемної співпраці усіх суб’єктів освітнього процесу та потенційних роботодавців, недостатньої практичної та професійної спрямованості навчання, невідповідності вимогам ринку праці, віддаленості від виробничих умов, затеоретизованості навчання, невикористання усіх потенційних можливостей співпраці з міжнародними організаціями, центрами зайнятості, професійними спілками. Для посилення якості підготовки необхідне впровадження нових механізмів управління цією підготовкою, вдосконалення методики навчання, організації практичного навчання здобувачів освіти та системи підвищення кваліфікації через налагодження тісної співпраці, розширення партнерських відносин між закладами професійної (професійно-технічної), вищої освіти та з іншими зацікавленими сторонами.
Surface Resistivity Sounding and Borehole Data Analysis for the Evaluation of Aquifer Characteristics of Southern Districts Barguna and Patuakhali, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Tariqul , Woobaidullah ASM 
Published: January 2021

The study delineates the aquifer system of the study area and determines the extension of potential fresh water aquifer and suitable locations for groundwater development through geophysical electrical resistivity method. Vertical electrical sounding with Schlumberger electrode configuration, a method for surface resistivity measurement, has been used for data collection. Resistivity data along with borelog data analyses are used for this investigation. Lithological cross section analyses show that sand and clay dominated lithology with frequent facies changes occur throughout the area and also show an aquifer system similar to the three-tier aquifer system proposed by Aggarwal for coastal area of Bangladesh. This study reveals the presence of three aquifers. 1staquifer occurs at a very shallow depth at some places <5 m and thickness of the aquifer varies 10-70 m all over the region, and shows very low resistivity value indicating saline pore water. Average depth to the 2nd aquifer ranges from 60-70 m and also contaminated by saline water. In few places of 2nd aquifer resistivity values more than 20 Ωm suggest some fresh water pockets. Depth to the 3rd aquifer that spreads all over the study area is more than 220 m at maximum part of the area. Only potential fresh water aquifer is the 3rd or deep aquifer, but low resistivity values of this aquifer at Patharghata and small portion of Kalapara and Rangabali Upazilas hint that there may have saline water intrusion. More precise information for this complex geological set up require greater number of sounding points.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8(1), 2019, P 11-18
Periodontal Disease as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease - A Questionnaire Survey among Physicians
Authors: Arya Varun , Kudpi Ramya Shenoy , Rungta Nikita 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Periodontal infections have been documented to influence coronary heart diseases such as angina, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and other systemic conditions like stroke, diabetes mellitus and preterm low birth weight babies. Over the last two decades, several studies have reported associations between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The association is now a part of the dental school curriculum and periodontology. However, in contrast, this important aspect is missing in the medical school curriculum and not many physicians are aware of the role periodontal disease plays in CVD.
Aim: To assess the knowledge and practices of physicians of Mangalore City, South India, on periodontal disease as a risk factor in Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD).
Methodology: A questionnaire survey was carried out to assess physicians’ knowledge and practices in the city of Mangalore, South India. The physicians were divided into four groups as follows: Group I - Physicians associated with medical colleges; Group II – Sole private practitioners; Group III - Physicians associated with medical colleges and having their private practice; Group IV - Post-graduate students. A Chi-square test was applied to test the difference between knowledge and practices among the groups.
Results: Out of a total of 106 physicians, 56 (52.3%) participated in the survey. Periodontal disease was considered to be a risk factor in CVD by 87.5% (n=47) respondents and 96.4% (n=54) respondents stated that bleeding/enlargement of the gingivae was a sign of periodontal infection. Only 40% (n=23) of the respondents asked about oral problems during general check-up.
Conclusions: The knowledge regarding the periodontal disease as a risk factor in CVD was high, however, the application of the knowledge in routine medical check-ups was observed to be less.
J MEDICINE JAN 2021; 22 (1) : 7-11
In vitro Propagation of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Through Embryo Culture
Authors: Afolabi JO , Oloyede EO , Akala AO 
Published: January 2021

The chances of shoot-regeneration from embryo culture of Morinda citrifolia L. seeds was investigated. Germination on different strengths of MS and control (Sterile distilled water) started by two weeks after inoculation (WAI). At 6 WAI, 90% of the embryo had germinated from 25% MS followed by 80% in control, 70% from 50% MS and 40% each from 100 and 75% MS. Similarly, the same MS media strengths with basal application of 2.0/1.0 mg/l BAP/Kn affected the growth of regenerated Noni-plantlets. The longest shoot length (3.46 cm) and the number of nodes (1.75) were obtained from 75% MS while the highest number of leaves (7.25) was obtained in 100% MS between 4 and 12 WAI. The lowest value for these parameters were observed in 25% MS. This showed that mature zygotic embryo is good explant for the establishment of highly viable and re-generable plantlets of Noni.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(2): 199-207, 2020 (December)
Genotypic Variability in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] through Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation
Authors: Shukla Shruti , Rani Anita , Jain Meeta , Kumar Vineet 
Published: January 2021

Embryonic tip explants of 92 Indian soyabean and 7 advanced breeding lines derived from soaked mature seeds were inoculated and co-cultivated for 5-day with Agrobacterium strain EHA105 carrying the binary vector pCambia1305.1 containing a hygromycin and kanamycin resistance gene as plant and bacterial selectable markers, respectively. Transient expression of transgene was monitored by histochemical localization of β-glucouronidase (GUSPlus) reporter activity in transformed ET tissues. A high genetic variability for Agrobacterium-infection ranging from 3.8 to 100% was observed in the form of transient GUS expression. Five highly efficient genotypes, namely DS-228, JS 335, JS 72-44, KHSb2, and JS 72-280 with transient GUS expression of 100, 98.1, 96.5, 96 and 92%, respectively were identified. In addition, various infectivity patterns in these genotypes were observed. Genotypes with very high transient GUS expression identified in this study may improve success rate of development of transgenic soybean.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(2): 231-242, 2020 (December)
Eco-friendly management of the pod borers Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) and Lampides boeticus (L.) of yard long bean under field conditions
Authors: Vineetha V. , Ramesha B. , Sreekumar K. M. , Subramanian Madhu , Kumar T. Santhosh 
Published: January 2021

Investigations on management of pod borers [Maruca vitrata (Fabricius), Lampides boeticus (L.)] of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdcourt) under field conditions revealed that Spinosad 45 SC followed by Bt formulation 2× 108 cfu/ml and Beauveria bassiana @ 107 spores/ml of water were the most effective treatments in preventing pod borer infestation as well as controlling number of pod borer larvae.
The Sufficientarian Alternative: A Commentary on Setting Health-Care Priorities
Authors: Zameska Jay 
Published: January 2021

In this commentary on Torbjörn Tännsjö’s Setting Health-Care Priorities, I argue that sufficientarianism provides a valuable perspective in considering how to set health care priorities. I claim that pace Tännsjö, sufficientarianism does offer a distinct alternative to prioritarianism. To demonstrate this, I introduce sufficientarianism and distinguish two forms: Tännsjö’s “weak sufficientarianism” and an alternative strong form of sufficientarianism that I call “revised lexical sufficientarianism.” I raise a problem for Tännsjö’s sufficientarianism, and advocate for the revised view on this basis. I then demonstrate that in the area of population ethics, the revised view outperforms the other views Tännsjö considers. As such, I aim to demonstrate that sufficientarianism — understood as its own theory and not just as a form of prioritarianism — offers unique advantages in population ethics, and would have been a valuable complement to the other theories Tännsjö considers.
A educação do campo: discussões sobre formação de professores e metodologias de ensino em turmas multisseriadas
Authors: Souza Lindomar Pereira de 
Published: January 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca da educação do campo na perspectiva da formação do professor do campo e as metodologias de ensino desenvolvidas nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em turmas multisseriadas. Este estudo emergiu do projeto de pesquisa de mestrado em ensino, da Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates no ano de 2020. O referido estudo teve uma abordagem de cunho bibliográfico, tendo como referencial teórico autores do campo de estudo como: Hage; Parente; Arroyo, Caldart e Molina; Delboni e outros autores que nos fazem pensar sobre a questão em destaque. Usamos ainda alguns dispositivos legais como fonte documental a destacar: LDB[1]; os documentos (CNEC)[2] e o Decreto nº 7.352, de 4 de novembro de 2010. O presente artigo evidencia discussões sobre a necessidade de formação específica para professores atuantes em turmas multisseriadas de modo a pensar um planejamento pautado nas possibilidades de metodologias desenvolvidas pelos professores que trabalham em turmas multisseriadas nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental da educação do campo, além do reconhecimento da educação do campo como uma modalidade que deve ter a devida atenção por parte dos gerenciadores da educação.

[1] Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional nº 9394/96.
[2] Conferência Nacional Por Uma Educação do Campo. A primeira aconteceu na cidade de Luziânia, GO, de 27 a 31 de julho de 1998, promovida pelo MST, UNICEF, UNESCO, CNBB e UnB. A segunda conferência foi realizada na mesma cidade de Goiás, no período de 02 a 06 de agosto de 2004.
Serum Total Bilirubin and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Jia , Liu Dongwei , Liu Zhangsuo 
Published: January 2021

Background: Previous studies have suggested that serum total bilirubin (STB) levels are associated with heightened chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality in both the general population and nephropathy patients. However, these results remain inconsistent. The aim of our study was to investigate whether STB was a predictor for progression of CKD and mortality by meta-analysis.Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library's database up to June 30, 2019. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted for the highest vs. lowest category STB levels within the physiological range, and a random-effects model was applied to calculate the dose–response relationships. A pooled hazard ratio (HR) was used to investigate the association between STB levels and mortality in dialysis patients.Results: A total of 16 studies, wherein participants were followed from 21 months to 7 years, were eligible for inclusion in the study. For the categorized STB, 11 studies with 41,188 participants were identified and analyzed. Patients with the highest STB levels were associated with a lower risk of CKD (RR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.55–0.73) compared to those with the lowest STB levels. Furthermore, based on seven studies, a pooled RR of 0.89, 95% CI (0.80–0.99) was observed for the continuous STB levels (per 0.2 mg/dL increase). Four studies that included 51,764 participants illustrated that there was no association between STB levels and all-cause mortality (HR = 0.77; 95% CI 0.42–1.41). A prominent negative linear relationship (X2 = 14.70; P = 0.0001) was found between STB levels and risk of CKD. Subgroup analyses showed that there were no significant differences in the subgroup adjustment factor except for sample size.Conclusions: Elevated STB levels within a physiological range are associated with lower risk of CKD regardless of the study characteristics and coincide with a liner dose–response relationship. However, whether high STB levels are a protective factor against mortality remains inconclusive. Large-scale randomized controlled trails are needed to target STB levels for predicting renal outcomes.
Hypomimia in Parkinson's Disease: What Is It Telling Us?
Authors: Maycas-Cepeda Teresa , López-Ruiz Pedro , Feliz-Feliz Cici , Gómez-Vicente Lidia , García-Cobos Rocío , Arroyo Rafael , García-Ruiz Pedro J. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Amimia is one of the most typical features of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its significance and correlation with motor and nonmotor symptoms is unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between amimia and motor and nonmotor symptoms, including cognitive status, depression, and quality of life in PD patients. We also tested the blink rate as a potential tool for objectively measuring upper facial bradykinesia.Methods: We prospectively studied amimia in PD patients. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and timed tests. Cognitive status, depression, and quality of life were assessed using the Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS), the 16-Item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR16), and the PDQ-39, respectively. Amimia was clinically evaluated according to item 19 of UPDRS III. Finally, we studied upper facial amimia by measuring resting blink frequency and blink rate during spontaneous conversation.Results: We included 75 patients. Amimia (item 19 UPDRS III) correlated with motor and total UPDRS (r: 0.529 and 0.551 Spearman), and its rigidity, distal bradykinesia, and motor axial subscores (r: 0.472; r: 0.252, and r: 0.508, respectively); Hoehn and Yahr scale (r: 0.392), timed tests, gait freezing, cognitive status (r: 0.29), and quality of life (r: 0.268) correlated with amimia. Blinking frequency correlated with amimia (measured with item 19 UPDRS), motor and total UPDRS.Conclusion: Amimia correlates with motor (especially axial symptoms) and cognitive situations in PD. Amimia could be a useful global marker of overall disease severity, including cognitive decline.
A Novel Mechanism of 17-AAG Therapeutic Efficacy on HSP90 Inhibition in MYCN-Amplified Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Hanna Reine , Abdallah Jad , Abou-Antoun Tamara 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundNeuroblastoma is the most common pediatric extra-cranial nervous system tumor, originating from neural crest elements and giving rise to tumors in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic chain ganglia. Amplification of MYCN confers increased malignancy and poorer prognosis in high-risk neuroblastoma. Our SILAC proteomics analysis revealed over-expression of HSP90 in MYCN-amplified IMR-32 compared to the non-MYCN amplified SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells, rendering them highly resistant to therapeutic intervention.MethodsWe used cellular bio-functional (proliferation, migration/invasion, apoptosis, viability and stem-cell self-renewal) assays and Western blot analysis to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of HSP90 inhibition with 17-AAG.Results17-AAG treatment significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, viability and migration/invasion and increased apoptosis in both cell lines. Moreover, drug treatment significantly abrogated stem-cell self-renewal potential in the MYCN-amplified IMR-32 cells. Differential tumorigenic protein expression revealed a novel mechanism of therapeutic efficacy after 17-AAG treatment with a significant downregulation of HMGA1, FABP5, Oct4, MYCN, prohibitin and p-L1CAM in SK-N-SH cells. However, we observed a significant up-regulation of p-L1CAM, MYCN and prohibitin, and significant down-regulation of Oct4, FABP5, HMGA1, p-ERK, cleaved/total caspase-3 and PARP1 in IMR-32 cells.ConclusionsHSP90 inhibition revealed a novel therapeutic mechanism of antitumor activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells that may enhance therapeutic sensitivity.
Utility of Blood Flow/Resistance Index Ratio (Qx) as a Marker of Stenosis and Future Thrombotic Events in Native Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Colombo Alessandro , Provenzano Michele , Rivoli Laura , Donato Cinzia , Capria Marinella , Leonardi Giuseppe , Chiarella Salvatore , Andreucci Michele , Fuiano Giorgio , Bolignano Davide , Coppolino Giuseppe 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The resistance index (RI) and the blood flow volume (Qa) are the most used Doppler ultrasound (DUS) parameters to identify the presence of stenosis in arteriovenous fistula (AVF). However, the reliability of these indexes is now matter of concern, particularly in predicting subsequent thrombosis. In this study, we aimed at testing the diagnostic capacity of the Qa/RI ratio (Qx) for the early identification of AVF stenosis and for thrombosis risk stratification.Methods: From a multicentre source population of 336 HD patients, we identified 119 patients presenting at least one “alarm sign” for clinical suspicious of stenosis. Patients were therefore categorized by DUS as stenotic (n = 60) or not-stenotic (n = 59) and prospectively followed. Qa, RI, and QX, together with various clinical and laboratory parameters, were recorded.Results: Qa and Qx were significantly higher while RI was significantly lower in non-stenotic vs. stenotic patients (p &lt; 0.001 for each comparison). At ROC analyses, Qx had the best discriminatory power in identifying the presence of stenosis as compared to Qa and RI (AUCs 0.976 vs. 0.953 and 0.804; p = 0.037 and p &lt; 0.0001, respectively). During follow-up, we registered 30 thrombotic events with an incidence rate of 12.65 (95% CI 8.54–18.06) per 100 patients/year. In Cox-regression proportional hazard models, Qx showed a better capacity to predict thrombosis occurrence as compared to Qa (difference between c-indexes: 0.012; 95% CI 0.004–0.01).Conclusions: In chronic haemodialysis patients, Qx might represent a more reliable and valid indicator for the early identification of stenotic AVFs and for predicting the risk of following thrombosis.