bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGENALAN PERPUSTAKAAN KEPADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Ismail Lusi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: There are many factors behind why Indonesian people do not like literature, so the impact is the lack of interest in reading in Indonesia, especially in rural areas. Introducing the library as a means of information which is an absolute necessity of the community in the information age needs to be done. Awareness of the importance of this library should be fostered since childhood, therefore the thing that needs to be done is to provide adequate facilities / good for children's libraries. But before moving in that direction, the children's soul must be understood and what kind of information is needed by the children. Therefore it is necessary for the active involvement of various parties such as parents, teachers and the government to foster interest in reading early on by introducing the library early on. However, it is difficult to expect children and adolescents to come to the library without any precise effort and resources pull from the library itself. The lack of attention to the elements intended to extend the reading interest of Indonesian people, especially for people in rural areas.Keywords: Library, Early ChildhoodAbstrak : Banyak faktor yang melatarbelakangi mengapa masyarakat Indonesia kurang suka ke pustaka, maka dampaknya adalah kurangnya minat baca di Indonesia khusus lagi bagian pedesaan. Memperkenalkan perpustakaan sebagai salah satu sarana informasi yang merupakan kebutuhan mutlak masyarakat dalam era informasi perlu dilakukan. Kesadaran akan pentingnya perpustakaan ini memang sebaiknya dipupuk sejak kecil, oleh karena itu hal yang perlu dilakukan adalah menyediakan fasilitas yang memadai/baik untuk perpustakaan anak-anak. Akan tetapi sebelum melangkah ke arah itu, harus pula dipahami jiwa anak-anak tersebut dan informasi yang seperti apa yang dibutuhkan oleh anak-anak. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya keterlibatan secara aktif dari berbagai pihak seperti orangtua, guru dan pemerintah untuk menumbuhkan minat baca sejak dini dengan memperkenalkan perpustakaan sejak dini.Akan tetapi, sulit mengharapkan anak-anak dan remaja untuk datang ke perpustakaan tanpa ada upaya yang jitu dan daya tarik dari perpustakaan itu sendiri. Kurangnya perhatian elemen-elemen yang dimaksudkan memperpanjang daya minat baca masyarakat Indonesia, khusus bagi masyarakat yang ada di pedesaan.Kata kunci : Perpustakaan, Anak Usia Dini
Conclusion of a Settlement Agreement within the Framework of the Derivative Claim Proceedings
Authors: Vatamanyuk V. O. 
Published: November 2021

The paper discusses the procedural features of concluding a settlement in the claim involving a corporation-participant for compensation of losses caused by the bodies of a legal entity, and aimed at recognizing as invalid a transaction made by a corporation and applying the consequences of its invalidity on appropriate corporate grounds. The author critically evaluates the procedural order applied to the peaceful settlement of a dispute in an indirect claim, provided for under paragraph 32 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of 23 June 2015 No. 25, in terms of the possibility of an independent conclusion of a settlement by a corporation-participant. The author justifies the necessity of obtaining the consent of the corporation for the legal entity participant to conclude a settlement. Particular attention is paid to considering the specifics of concluding a settlement in the event that other members of the corporation join an indirect claim. The paper demonstrates the procedural features of concluding an amicable settlement when considering an indirect claim according to the rules of the class proceedings. To conclude the study, the author dwells on the issue of the need for corporate approval of a settlement containing signs of a major transaction and (or) an interested party transaction concluded within the framework of an indirect claim.
Differentiated approach to rhythm conversion in patients with atrial fibrillation and flutter
Authors: Pronin A. G. , Prokopenko A. V. , Glukhov D. K. 
Published: November 2021

The importance of relieving paroxysms of fibrillation and atrial flutter is determined by a huge number of patients suffering from this pathology and its recurrent course.Objective: To create an algorithm for the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter by comparing the efficacy and safety of drug-induced rhythm conversion with amiodarone, propafenone, procainamide, niferidil and electropulse therapy.Material and methods. Heart rate conversion was performed in 299 patients. Amiodarone was used as a drug for therapy in 93 patients, propafenone in 34, procainamide in 52, and niferidil in 50. 70 patients underwent electropulse therapy. A comparative analysis was carried out to establish the effectiveness and safety of heart rate conversion by these methods.Results. The effectiveness of conversion rhythm in atrial fibrillation with the help of electropulse therapy, propafenone, niferidil, procainamide and amiadarone has been established, which is 90,3%, 82,4%, 77,4%, 72,5% and 70.5%, respectively. It was also found that the use of electro-pulse therapy and niferidil, in which sinus rhythm recovery occurs in 94.4% and 78.9%, respectively, against 58.3% and 26.7% of patients receiving procainamide and amiodarone, respectively, is most appropriate for the relief of atrial flutter. Often, when using niferidil, ventricular extrasystole and prolongation of the QT interval during electrography developed in comparison with patients of other groups. Ventricular tachycardia, including the "pirouette" type, sinoatrial blockade, AV blockade of various degrees, were also slightly more often registered in these patients.Conclusions. In order to stop atrial fibrillation, there are no differences between medications, and it is better to perform rhythm conversion with atrial flutter with niferidil or electro-pulse therapy.
Impact of Hindiya Dam on the Limnological Features of Euphrates River to the North of Babil Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Nashaat Muhanned R. , Al-Bahathy Idrees A. A. 
Published: November 2021

Five sites were chosen to the north of Babil Governorate in order to identify the limnological features and the impact of the Hindiya Dam during 2019. Site2 was located near the dam to reflect the ecological features of this site, whereas other sites, S1 was located at the upstream of the dam as a control site. Moreover, the two other sites S3 and S4 were located down the dam. The results of the study showed a close correlation between air and water temperature at all sites. Also there were significant differences in average of thirteen out of eighteen water parameters.Water temperature, total alkalinity, bicarbonate, DO, POS, TH and Mg+2 ions decreased from 22.76˚C, 203.33 mg/L, 146.75 mg/L, 8.8 mg/L, 100.023%, 438 mg/L, 35.55mg/L, respectively on S2 to 22.66 ˚C, 200.28 mg/L, 145.58 mg/L, 8.35 mg/L, 95.45%, 422.66 mg/L, 28.81 mg/L, respectively at site below the dam. While, turbidity, TSS, Ca+2, SO2+4, NO3-2 and PO4-2 increased from 13.32 NTU, 23.08 mg/L, 116.89 mg/L, 107.5 mg/L, 1.027 mg/L and 0.019 mg/L, respectively on S2 to 26.574 NTU, 26.83 mg/L, 119.23 mg/L, 137.5 mg/L, 1.145 mg/L and 0.032 mg/L, respectively at the site below the dam. However, no apparent dam effect was reported in EC, S, TDS, pH values at Euphrates River. No significant differences of all characteristics were found among sites except, turbidity, TSS, Mg+2, SO+4 and PO4-2. It can be considered that the Euphrates River is very hard, oligohaline, slightly alkaline, well ventilated and clear to turbid. In addition, the turbidity and TSS values exceeded permissible limits of water quality for aquatic life in most samples especially in site below the dam. However, the river was considered by BOD5 to be doubtful in its cleanliness water. Calcium, magnesium, nitrate and phosphate values in this study were within permissible limits.
Algal study in springs and streams from Shaqlawa district, Erbil Province, Iraq I- Euglenophyta
Authors: Toma Janan Jabbar , Aziz Farhad Hassan 
Published: November 2021

In an intensive study of the various species of the Euglenophyceae under different environmental conditions, the algal samples were collected monthly in twelve springs and six related streams from September 2019 to August 2020 within Shaglawa district-Erbil Province in virgin areas for phycolimnological study. Twenty species of Euglenophyceaen are identified as a new record for the algal flora. These taxa consist of Colacium vesiculosum, Lepocinclis salina and L.wangi, Eutreptia viridis, Euglena chlamydophora, E. clavata, E. geniculata, E. intermedia var klebsii, E. limnophila, E. oblonga, E. sociabilis, E. stellate and E. variabilis, Peranema sacculus, Phacus circumflexus, Ph. dangeardii, Ph. peteloti, Petalomonas mediocanella var disomata, Trachelomonas manginii, and T. volvocina var derephora. All of these new records are described and illustrated as much as possible. According to physicals and chemicals characteristics, water temperature varied from 14.942˚C to 18.475˚C, pH lies on alkaline side of neutrality, electrical conductivity ranged between (627.472-2092.306µs/cm) and high concentration of salinity recorded in Azarian spring.
Correlation between Serum and Tissue Markers in Breast Cancer Iraqi Patients
Authors: Hussain Abeer M. , Ali Alia Hussein , Mohammed Haider Latif 
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide, in Iraq it ranks the first among the population and the leading cause of cancer related female mortality. This study is designed to investigate the correlations between serum and tissue markers in order to clarify their role in progression or regression breast cancer. Tumor Markers are groups of substances, mainly proteins, produced from cancer cell or from other cells in the body in response to tumor. The study was carried out from April 2018 to April 2019 with total number of 60 breast cancer women. The blood samples were collected from breast cancer women in postoperative and pretherapeutic who attended teaching oncology hospital of the medical city in Baghdad and the serum markers evaluated by ELISA technique are Carbohydrate Antigen 15-3 (Ca 15-3), Carbohydrate Antigen 27.29 (Ca 27.29), Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH), Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Human Epidiymis Protein-4 (HE4). Tissue samples were collected for the same breast cancer women who attended medical city, Baghdad with total number 30. The tissue markers evaluated by Immunohistochemical technique are Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (Her 2/neu) and Cyclin E. The results showed a positive significant correlation (p = 0.017) between Ca 27.29 and Her-2/neu, (p = 0.038) between IL-6 and cyclin E phenotype, (p = 0.051) between TNF-α and Cyclin E intensity, (p = 0.005) between HE4 and Her-2/neu, and negative significant correlation (p = 0.058) between IL-10 and ER score and (p = 0.045) between HE4 with Cyclin E intensity. We conclude from these correlations that positive correlations increasing disease progression, like correlation between Ca 27.29 and Her-2/neu, cyclin E with IL-6 and cyclin E with TNF-α. And the negative correlations may contribute to delay disease, like correlation between IL-10 and ER. From the correlations results in this study, it is clear that the Ca 27.29, Her-2 / neu, cyclin E markers play an important role in disease progression.
On New Weibull Inverse Lomax Distribution with Applications
Authors: Falgore Jamilu Yunusa , Doguwa Sani Ibrahim 
Published: November 2021

In this paper, simulation studies and applications of the New Weibull-Inverse Lomax (NWIL) distribution were presented. In the simulation studies, different sample sizes ranging from 30, 50, 100, 200, 300, to 500 were considered. Also, 1,000 replications were considered for the experiment. NWIL is a fat tail distribution. Higher moments are not easily derived except with some approximations. However, the estimates have higher precisions with low variances. Finally, the usefulness of the NWIL distribution was illustrated by fitting two data sets
Schultz and Modified Schultz Polynomials for Edge – Identification Chain and Ring – for Square Graphs
Authors: Ali Ahmed Mohammed , Abdullah Mahmood Madian 
Published: November 2021

In a connected graph , the distance function between each pair of two vertices from a set vertex is the shortest distance between them and the vertex degree denoted by is the number of edges which are incident to the vertex The Schultz and modified Schultz polynomials of are have defined as:
respectively, where the summations are taken over all unordered pairs of distinct vertices in and is the distance between and in The general forms of Schultz and modified Schultz polynomials shall be found and indices of the edge – identification chain and ring – square graphs in the present work.
Estimation of Radiation Dose from Most Common Pediatrics Radiographic Examinations within Main Central Hospitals in Najaf City, Iraq
Authors: Ali Raed Mohammed Kadhim M. , Mraity Hussien Abid Ali Bakir 
Published: November 2021

In this study the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) received by pediatrics patients undergoing chest, abdomen and skull X-ray examinations was estimated. The study was conducted in two hospitals in Najaf city where three radiographic systems were considered. The study participants were classified into four age groups 0-1 , 1-5 , 5-10 and 10-15 years. Calculations were performed using exposure factors, kVp, mAs and focal-skin distance, together with patient data age. The ESD was calculated for the involved patients who underwent an Antero-posterior (AP) chest, abdomen and skull X-ray examination. The resulted data were analyzed and compared with international dose references. For all studied radiographic examinations and all X-ray machines, the ESD increases with age. The lowest recorded radiation dose was from hospital 1 machine 2. In this facility ESD ranged from 19.93 µGy to 67.66 µGy for chest X-ray, from 39.03 µGy to 82.63 µGy for abdomen (AP), and from 35.47 µGy to 94.27 µGy for skull (AP). In contrast the highest dose levels are recorded from hospital 2 machine 1; the minimum ESD for chest X-ray is 247.51 µGy and the maximum is 2393.12 µGy; for abdomen X-ray the lowest ESD is 269.05 µGy and the highest value is 5106.15 µGy; and for skull X-ray minimum values is 430.96 µGy and the maximum value is 3072.77 µGy. In conclusion, for the considered pediatrics examinations, most of ESD values are within the international acceptable level and some are higher >100% .
A Inclusão Educacional dos povos indígenas pelo Ensino Superior a Distância
Authors: Burci Taissa Vieira Lozano , Costa Maria Luísa Furlan 
Published: November 2021

O artigo visa compreender como a modalidade a distância democratiza o acesso e a permanência dos alunos indígenas no ensino superior por meio das políticas públicas e de ação afirmativa nos cursos a distância na Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). O objeto de estudo é dividido em três eixos: o Sistema Universidade Aberta do Brasil, as políticas de ação afirmativa dos povos indígenas no Paraná e a modalidade a distância da UEM. O estudo de caso foi realizado com os tutores da universidade e os dados foram apreciados a partir das contribuições da análise do discurso de Bakhtin (2011). O resultado destaca que a junção dessas políticas públicas associadas à oferta inovadora e pioneira de vagas específicas na modalidade a distância pela UEM, que tem como base o uso das tecnologias, tem assegurado o direito à educação para os povos indígenas, à inclusão e à democratização do ensino superior público. As políticas foram analisadas a partir do ciclo de políticas de Ball, Bowe e Gold (1992).
Palavras-chave: Tecnologias; Inclusão; Inovação; Políticas; Ensino Superior.
Difficulty Regulating Social Media Content of Age-Restricted Products: Comparing JUUL’s Official Twitter Timeline and Social Media Content About JUUL
Authors: Valdez Danny , Unger Jennifer B 
Published: November 2021

Background
In 2018, JUUL Labs Inc, a popular e-cigarette manufacturer, announced it would substantially limit its social media presence in compliance with the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) call to curb underage e-cigarette use. However, shortly after the announcement, a series of JUUL-related hashtags emerged on various social media platforms, calling the effectiveness of the FDA’s regulations into question.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to determine whether hashtags remain a common venue to market age-restricted products on social media.

Methods
We used Twitter’s standard application programming interface to download the 3200 most-recent tweets originating from JUUL Labs Inc’s official Twitter Account (@JUULVapor), and a series of tweets (n=28,989) from other Twitter users containing either #JUUL or mentioned JUUL in the tweet text. We ran exploratory (10×10) and iterative Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic models to compare @JUULVapor’s content versus our hashtag corpus. We qualitatively deliberated topic meanings and substantiated our interpretations with tweets from either corpus.

Results
The topic models generated for @JUULVapor’s timeline seemingly alluded to compliance with the FDA’s call to prohibit marketing of age-restricted products on social media. However, the topic models generated for the hashtag corpus of tweets from other Twitter users contained several references to flavors, vaping paraphernalia, and illicit drugs, which may be appealing to younger audiences.

Conclusions
Our findings underscore the complicated nature of social media regulation. Although JUUL Labs Inc seemingly complied with the FDA to limit its social media presence, JUUL and other e-cigarette manufacturers are still discussed openly in social media spaces. Much discourse about JUUL and e-cigarettes is spread via hashtags, which allow messages to reach a wide audience quickly. This suggests that social media regulations on manufacturers cannot prevent e-cigarette users, influencers, or marketers from spreading information about e-cigarette attributes that appeal to the youth, such as flavors. Stricter protocols are needed to regulate discourse about age-restricted products on social media.
Invisible Childhoods: Mexican Children Facing the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Corona-Caraveo Yolanda , Pérez y Zavala Carlos , Navarro-Montalvo Sergio 
Published: November 2021

This essay provides a brief introduction to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on children and adolescents in Mexico. It argues that children have been left behind and made invisible in the actions taken by governments to counteract the contagion. This article also analyzes what has happened as a result of changes regarding confinement, play, the use of streets and public spaces and educational institutions – from a children´s rights perspective. The results of several studies that have been carried out in our country are mentioned, ending with some recommendations regarding recognition of the important place children hold in our society.
Les droits à l’éducation et l’autonomisation à l’action climatique comme vecteurs du droit à un environnement sain
Authors: Lefebvre Isabelle 
Published: November 2021

Ce texte a pour objectif d’explorer le droit à l’éducation et l'autonomisation à l’action climatique comme outils indispensables à la réalisation du droit à l’environnement sain pour tous mais de façon plus particulière, pour le bénéfice de la jeunesse actuelle et des générations futures. Il démontre comment la mise en œuvre effective d’une éducation aux changements climatiques de qualité pourrait contribuer à assurer un environnement sain et examine l’interdépendance des droits fondamentaux. Il se divise en 4 parties : une analyse des principaux instruments juridiques onusiens leur garantissant les droits à l’éducation et le droit à un environnement sain, une rétrospective de l’évolution de la notion d’éducation au développement durable, un examen du rôle que devrait jouer l’Autonomisation à l’action climatique prévue dans le cadre juridique des Nations Unies et se penche sur les efforts déployés par l’Unesco pour mettre à profit le rôle de l’éducation comme vecteur d’un environnement sain.
The Impact of Remote Urology Outpatient Clinics during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abdelmotagly Yehia , Noureldin Mohamed , Paramore Louise , Rajkumar Govindaraj , Nedas Timothy , Neal Naomi , Hindley Richard , Emara Amr 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic of 2020 had a major impact on NHS services. From the 23rd of March 2020, the Urology Department in Basingstoke initiated telephone-led consultation clinics instead of face-to-face outpatient appointments, in accordance with U.K. guidance. Objectives: To evaluate patient experience and satisfaction following the introduction of remote (telephone) consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and methods: The first 200 remote patient appointments between the 30th of March 2020 and the 16th of April 2020 were sent a postal questionnaire (19 questions relating to their experience and level of satisfaction with the interaction). Telephone consultations were conducted by 6 consultants, 3 registrars, and 2 specialist nurses. The patients were not prewarned to expect a questionnaire after the remote appointment. The associated cost saving resulting from a switch from face-to-face appointments to remote telephone appointments was also calculated. Results: 100 out of the 200 patients responded within 1 month (response rate 50%). A total of 44% of the patients were new referrals, while 56% were follow-ups. Overall, the feedback was positive regarding the telephone consultation, with 88% rating the care received as excellent or very good. In addition, 90% would recommend a telephone consultation to family and friends. However, 35% would prefer in the future to have another telephone consultation rather than face-to-face consultation, with 46% preferring a face-to-face appointment in the future and 19% unsure. For new patients, the proportion wishing to have a face-to-face appointment, in the end, was unsurprisingly higher than it was for those undergoing a follow-up (39% vs. 7 %). In these 2 weeks, the cost reduction to the NHS from shifting from face-to-face consultation to telephone consultation was estimated to be £6500. Conclusions: Telephone urology clinics are a satisfactory alternative to face-to-face appointments for many of our patients now and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. They are efficient, cost-effective, and feasible to undertake urological consultation and can be implemented successfully in selected patients. The feedback from this questionnaire would suggest that priority should be given to face-to-face appointments for new patients and for complex follow-up appointments. Telephone follow-up appointments, however, are a good approach for the majority of patients.