bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parts of Speech in Kinyarwanda
Authors:  Crandall Vanessa 
Published: April 2021

Traditional grammar holds that parts of speech have broad semantic definitions: verbs are actions, nouns are entities, adjectives are states of being, and prepositions denote locations (Baker, 2003). This view is problematic, however, given that semantic concepts are lexicalized differently across languages. For example, through my field work with a native speaker of Kinyarwanda (Bantu family, spoken in Central Africa), I have found that in this language, states can be lexicalized as adjectives, nouns, or verbs: (1) umugabo ni munini “The man is big” ADJECTIVE MAN IS LARGE (2) imbwa n’ umweru “The dog is white” NOUN DOG IS WHITE (3) imbwa yera “The dog is white” VERB DOG BE.WHITE The state of “being big” appears as an adjective, while the state of “being white” can be both a noun (2) and a verb (3). The difference in category is appears to be motivated by the relative permanence of the state in question. A changing (or changeable) state is encoded as a verb (3). To reflect a permanent/unchanging state, an adjective or noun is used (1­2). Because the inventory of adjectives in Kinyarwanda is extremely limited, many “adjectival” permanent states are encoded as nouns. This alternation demonstrates the central role of Aspect (defined as a linguistic function that “characterizes the relationship of a predicate to the time interval over which it occurs” (Chung and Timberlake 1985:213)) in the lexicalization process. Aspect in Kinyarwanda takes the form of a verbal suffix, thereby necessitating the use of a verb when the state undergoes some sort of change. This phenomenon provides evidence that parts of speech are defined at least in part by a language’s syntactic requirements above and beyond broader semantic generalizations.
Reflecting on the Advantages of Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships and COVID-19
Authors: Geiger Kyle , Bowman Jamie , DeWitt Dawn 
Published: April 2021

The emergence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatically changed the landscape of medical education. The global pandemic highlighted advantages of specific curricular frameworks. Longitudinal, integrated approaches may avoid some of the educational consequences seen in traditional models. This viewpoint highlights the advantages of a longitudinal integrated clerkship during the COVID-19 outbreak. These advantages include a relatively even exposure to multiple specialties, discipline specific assessment information despite an early truncation of clinical activity, and a seamless transition to ongoing integrated online learning, as a single integrated virtual clerkship model for an entire class. Notably, the longitudinal integrated clerkship avoided consequences seen in traditional clerkships such as missing entire rotations positioned in March-June 2020 and therefore, clerkship grades. The longitudinal clerkship allowed for students to receive discipline specific grades in all core specialties based on assessment of individual skills (direct observation and assessment of skills such as physical exam and history) versus discipline specific knowledge (subject exams). In addition, there are advantages of pre-existing relationships with preceptors and patients that could facilitate engagement in ongoing contact during virtual clerkships and opportunistic clinical experiences when it is safe for students to re-engage in clinical activities.
STUDI KASUS KEBIJAKAN PENINGKATAN KEDISIPLINAN DAN PENGETATAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN PADA PEMBERLAKUAN PEMBATASAN KEGIATAN MASYARAKAT (PPKM) TAHAP II DI JAWA TENGAH DALAM KAJIAN HUKUM BISNIS
Authors: Giyono Urip 
Published: April 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan mandeknya berbagai sektor usaha di Indonesia. Sektor usaha yang terdampak langsung di antaranya perhotelan, transportasi, pariwisata, manufaktur dan sektor usaha lainnya yang bergantung pada pergerakan bebas manusia. Karantina wilayah sebenarnya lebih merupakan istilah lain dari physical distancing atau social distancing yang sekarang dipilih sebagai kebijakan pemerintah. Salah satu langkah yang dilakukan oleh Gubernur Jawa Tengah Ganjar Pranowo dalam mengurangi angka tingginya kasus Covid-19 di daerah Jawa Tengah dengan melakukan lockdown. Lockdown ini rencananya akan dilakukan pada 6-7 Februari 2021, di wilayah Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini mengkaji hukum bisnis terhadap kegiatan Jawa Tengah di Rumah Saja pada tanggal 6-7 Februari 2021 dan bagaimana dampaknya bagi kegiatan ekonomi perdagangan di pasar-pasar tradisional. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori ECA (Empaty, Credibility, Aunthenticity). Teori ini digunakan untuk dapat membuat masyarakat mau membeli produk dan mendukung program-program yang dibuat, sehingga brand yang kita miliki tetap eksis.Pentingnya kolaborasi antar pengusaha dan pemangku kepentingan untuk dapat menghadirkan suasana tenang dan aman di masa pandemic covid-19. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah Fenomenologi Husserl sebagai usaha spekulatif digunakan untuk menentukan hakikat yang seluruhnya didasarkan atas pengujian dan penganalisaan terhadap hal-hal yang nampak di era pandemi.
NO Degradation on the Anatase TiO2 (001) Surface in the Presence of Water
Authors: Köppen Susan , Gupta Verena Kristin , Balzaretti Filippo , Gou Pu , Frauenheim Thomas , Garcia Adriel Dominguez 
Published: April 2021

Two possible CT induced oxidation mechanisms for NO have been demonstrated, which show the formation of HONO+ by the interaction with water or the formation of NO+2 with a surface oxygen. Our results indicated, that an excitation in the visible does in most cases lead to the creation of a hole on the NO molecule and an electron in the CB of TiO2.
Ecuación modelo operacional con aplicación de balance de materia en estado no estacionario.// Operational model equation applying material balance in a non-stationary state.
Authors: Contreras-Dioses Oscar , Quezada-Correa Lady , Quezada-Correa Edisson , Cuenca-Mayorga Fabián 
Published: April 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la ecuación modelo operacional aplicando el principio de balance de materia en estado no estacionario. Para la representación del proceso se utilizó un tanque con agua el cual simulada el caudal de entrada al tanque que contenía una solución concentrada de 33° Brix, y de este se desprendía un caudal de salida a un tercer tanque. Las muestras se recolectaron del caudal de salida del segundo tanque en un rango de tiempo de 30 segundos, obteniendo un total de 20 muestras, luego se evaluó su concentración en °Brix analizando en el laboratorio. En la parte operacional se aplica un balance de materia en estado estacionario donde se determinó la ecuación modelo donde al aplicar el tiempo en el cual se recolecto la muestra se determinaba su concentración en °Brix. Se analizó los datos arrojados por análisis de laboratorio y los obtenidos por aplicación de la ecuación modelo en el programa estadístico Statgraphics Centurion XVI.I, el cual determino que no existió diferencia significativa entre cada uno de los datos estudiados. La ecuación modelo establecida para determinación de la concentración de una sustancia resulto útil en al investigación y para su aplicación en futuros estudios. AbstractThe aim of the present research work was to determine mathematical model of the operational equation applying non-stationary state material balance principle. A tank filled with water was used for the representation of the mechanical process, which simulated an input flow to a tank containing a 33° Brix sucrose concentrated solution, from where an output flow to a third tank was released. The samples were collected from the second tank output flow in time ranges of thirty seconds; a total number of twenty samples were obtained. For each sample, concentration in means of °Brix, was registered in laboratory facilities. In the operational part of the present research, a material balance in non-stationary state was utilized. The model equation for the previously mentioned state, where applying time when a sample was collected and its concentration by means of °Brix, was determined. Obtained data from laboratory analysis and from the model equation application were analyzed with statistical package Statgraphics Centurion XVI.I version XVI 16.1.18. For each data set compared, no significant differences were found. The established model equation for the determination of the concentration of a substance was useful in this investigation and it can be used in further research works.
Explorando las Aulas de Clase de Inglés en Cañar: Currículo, instrucción y aprendizaje.//Exploring the English language classrooms in Cañar: Curriculum, instruction and learning.
Authors: Ortega-Auquilla Diego P. , Minchala-Buri Olga E. 
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación tiene como propósito conocer cómo se lleva a cabo la enseñanza y aprendizaje del inglés en el marco del currículo actual en el último año de Bachillerato General Unificado (BGU) de ocho unidades educativas públicas y rurales en un cantón de la provincia de Cañar. En primer lugar, se determinó el nivel de suficiencia de inglés de los estudiantes de BGU, lo cual también permitió conocer en qué competencias lingüísticas existen mayores y menores dificultades. Luego se realizaron observaciones directas para identificar cómo la enseñanza del inglés se lleva cabo en las aulas de clase. Del mismo modo, grupos focales y entrevistas fueron realizados para conocer los puntos de vista de los estudiantes y de ocho profesores acerca de aspectos claves de la asignatura de inglés. Los resultados indicaron que los estudiantes tienen un bajo nivel de suficiencia y que en gran medida la enseñanza no está alineada al currículo de inglés. Para finalizar, se obtuvo que los estudiantes tienen puntos de vista positivos sobre el aprendizaje del inglés, resaltando la utilidad e importancia de este idioma, del mismo modo, para los docentes representa un reto la implementación del enfoque metodológico de enseñanza incorporado en el currículo, por ello, necesario medidas efectivas para mejorar la educación pública en inglés. AbstractThe purpose of this research is to find out how the teaching and learning of English is carried out within the framework of the current curriculum in the last year of the Unified General Baccalaureate (BGU) of eight public and rural educational units in a canton in the province of Cañar. In the first place, the level of English proficiency of the BGU students was determined, which also made it possible to know in which language skills there are greater and lesser difficulties. Direct observations were then made to identify how English is taught in classrooms. Similarly, focus groups and interviews were conducted to hear the views of students and eight teachers on key aspects of the English subject. The results indicated that the students have a low level of proficiency and that to a large extent the teaching is not aligned with the English curriculum. To conclude, it was obtained that the students have positive points of view on learning English, highlighting the usefulness and importance of this language, in the same way, for the teachers it represents a challenge to implement the methodological approach of teaching incorporated in the curriculum, for that reason, effective measures are necessary to improve public education in English.
Articulación de servicios educativos -Redes educativas-. // Articulation of educational services -Educational networks-
Authors: Sáenz-Andrade Álvaro 
Published: April 2021

Este artículo propone una reorganización de la institucionalidad educativa, en Ecuador, en función de conseguir una articulación de los servicios educativos que permita mejorar la cobertura y calidad de la educación sin necesidad de nuevas inversiones. Esta propuesta confronta el paradigma de que cada unidad educativa debe contar con todos los recursos en su interior para llevar a cabo el proceso educativo. Desarrolla aspectos de gestión para implementar la articulación propuesta. Concluye que, con una visión de articulación y redes educativas se supera el falso dilema entre unidades educativas grandes y pequeñas. AbstractThis article proposes a reorganization of educational institutions in Ecuador, in order to achieve an articulation of educational services that allows improving the coverage and quality of education without the need for new investments. This proposal confronts the paradigm that each educational unit must have all the resources within it to carry out the educational process. It develops management aspects to implement the proposed articulation. It concludes that, with a vision of articulation and educational networks, the false dilemma between large and small educational units can be overcome.
¿QUÉ SIGNIFICA “FUNDAMENTOS FILOSÓFICOS” DE UN MODELO EDUCATIVO DE CALIDAD?
Authors: Morales-Gómez Gonzalo , Reza-Suárez Lilian , Galindo-Mosquera Santiago , Rizzo-Bajaña Pedro 
Published: April 2021

En el presente artículo, desarrollado a modo de ensayo crítico con metodología documental de tipo histórico-filosófico, se exploran los fundamentos filosóficos en los que debería cimentarse un modelo educativo de calidad, que implica al ser humano en su totalidad; es decir, con su estructura biopsicosocial y espiritual. En efecto, la educación depende sustancialmente de la visión de la naturaleza humana que se tenga y de los fines de la educación que se persigan. La educación exige una finalidad (telos) centrada en un perfil deseado de hombre o mujer, en un ideal de vida o en un proyecto de sociedad, para lo cual se requiere poseer un conocimiento adecuado del ser humano, que es un ser “hipercomplejo” (Morin), y una claridad meridiana sobre los principios que han de orientar dicha educación. Además de los principios y los fines, las propuestas educativas deben tomar en cuenta también los criterios, las premisas, los valores, los conceptos y los contextos, que servirán de soporte filosófico a la praxis curricular y pedagógica concreta.
Calidad Calidad física y química de tres compost, elaborados con residuos de jardinería, pergamino de café y bora (Eichhornia Crassipes)
Authors: Rivas-Nichorzon Magalys , Silva-Acuña Ramón 
Published: April 2021

El compostaje es una técnica viable en la degradación de residuos orgánicos que de acuerdo a las materias utilizadas, sus características están relacionadas con el producto final. El objetivo fue evaluar la calidad física y química de tres compost elaborados a partir de residuos de jardinería, pergamino de café y bora. El diseño estadístico fue completamente aleatorizado, con tres tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Se determinó: porosidad total (PT), porosidad de aireación (PA), capacidad de retención de agua (CRA), densidad aparente (Da), densidad de partículas (Dp), pH, materia orgánica (MO), carbono orgánico (CO), nitrógeno total (NT), relación carbono/nitrógeno (C/N); conductividad eléctrica (CE) y los contenidos de macro y micronutrimentos Se les realizó análisis de varianza y los valores promedios comparados por la prueba de Tukey al 5% de probabilidad. Hubo diferencias significativas (P < 0,05) entre los compost para todas las variables analizadas, excepto para Dp, pH, C/N y contenido de Aluminio. El compost de pergamino de café presentó los valores más altos de PT, PA. El pH, CE y C/N en todos los compost estuvieron en el rango establecido, mientras que, el %MO, %CO, estaban por debajo de los valores óptimos. El compost de bora presentó los promedios más elevados de nutrimentos.
EFEKTIVITAS PERENDAMAN LARUTAN EKSTRAK DAUN BABADOTAN (Ageratum conyzoides L) DENGAN KOSENTRASI BERBEDA PADA KUALITAS TELUR AYAM RAS DALAM SUHU RUANGAN
Authors: Palgunadi Bagus Uda , Rahmawati Indra , Pratama Junianto Wika Adi , Alam Hudi Mohammad Safrizal 
Published: April 2021

In order to investigate the effect of immersion babadotan leaf extract solution (Ageratum conyzoides L) with various centration of the quality of chicken eggs in room temperature. Reviewed from the yolk index and haugh unit. The sample are 1 day chicken eggs race with an average weight of 50-60 grams, which is taken from PT. Mulya Broiler Farm, Binangun village, Binangun subdistrict, Blitar regency. It used as much as 100 eggs, with immersion treatment using Babadotan leaf extract solution for 1 minute with the centralization of the solution 30%, 40%, 50% and 60%, and stored in room temperature, than calculated the value of yolk index and haugh unit. Results of the study showed that immersion by using Babadotan leaf extract solution had no noticeable effect (P > 0.05) against the Haugh and very noticeable effect (P < 0.05) on the value of yolk Index. Quality of chicken eggs are given the immersion babadotan leaf extract solution is better than without immersion.
Design and Analysis of Rotor Assembly of Hammer Mill Machine`
Authors: Akash Santosh Pawar  
Published: April 2021

The project deals with the Manufacturing with Design and Analysis of Hammer Mill Machine and Rotor Assembly of Machine of Capacity of 200 Kg/hr. Which is due to providing the transmission power of 5 HP to the machine.
In this project, the Hammer mill machine body structure, Angle Frame and foundation frame for machine is designed using Catia. Also each and every part or component is required for machine is designed. In the present work by using standard design procedures, Diameter of the rotor of shaft of machine has been designed. Theoretical calculations done by using PTC Mathcad software for new learning experience and ease. When the shaft of the rotor is rotated at the given speed (rpm i.e. 1728 rpm) and the load applied to the shaft it should not bend during rotation. When the shaft is rotated under free conditions deflections will be created due to critical speed of the shaft.
After Designing process, some of required drawings are converted into Ansys supported format i.e. drawings are imported into Ansys for further analysis. Meshing of the shaft model was done and the loads, stresses that were applied for the shaft to be checked out that the design should be safe one. The design should be safe when the values obtained from the design procedure were compared with the standard values and result obtained from the analysis using Ansys.
As per the designing, the required parts are fabricated such as side plates, bearing support, doors, hinge supports by using conventional methods like gas cutting, welding, drilling, shaft turning, slotting, milling, etc. and some hardware materials buy from stores which is used for further assembly process. At the final step all parts are assembled according as per requirements. At the end actual capacity of machine is calculated by using conventional method.
INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL METHODS AND COMPUTER TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN DISTANCE EDUCATION
Authors: Uzhelovskyi A. , Brovchenko K. , Muzyka A. 
Published: April 2021

Formulation of the problem. The problems of pedagogical system, innovative methods of education and training of specialists, use of new teaching methods based on computer information technologies and distance learning platforms, use of innovative methods and distance learning platforms in the implementation of online education are considered. According to statistical research, the effectiveness of the traditional pedagogical system is no more than sixty percent. Innovative methods of training specialists in education are the use of new methods that qualitatively increase the effectiveness of ways and means of presenting information compared to the traditional system, learning to find the necessary information independently, checking its adequacy and learnability. Such innovations and novelties can be the use of computer technology and the Internet, and, especially now, of distance learning and communication technology.
Materials and methods. The methods include content analysis, synthesis, comparison, description of the obtained research results, generalization.
Results. The existing solutions for remote learning (distance learning platforms), using computer telecommunications, were analyzed: Meet, iSpring, WebTutor, GetCourse, Google Classroom, Microsoft Teams, Moodle, Blackboard Learning System, LMS «Prometheus», The Virtual Laboratory, VirtuLab and ZILLION, video communication and conference programs: Zoom, YouTube, Viber, Skype and others. All these platforms have their own characteristics and features, and their use lies in the possibilities of application in educational institutions and personal preferences of teachers and students. All distance learning platforms are web-based and therefore the requirements for client computers are minimal. The analysis of the remote learning technologies used allows us to determine the basic necessary and sufficient set of software tools that need to be applied for the full operation of the platform in the application of distance learning technologies. Microsoft Teams is suggested as a possible platform for distance learning.
Conclusion. Application of remote technologies and software in creation of hardware-distance scientific-educational systems will lead to low cost of software product both for developers and customers (reduction of expenses on additional software) and will provide attraction of a wide range of users due to low system requirements and possibility of use in mobile devices. And usage of Microsoft Teams distance learning platform allows implementing a wide range of capabilities, which this platform has: video communication, different types of communication, provision of all kinds of materials, demonstration of any participant's screen during broadcast for the whole group, list of participants and attendance control, polling, possibility to record events and their further viewing, administration of all processes from the learning side, etc.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВЕЛИЧИНИ КОЕФІЦІЄНТА ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ПРИ ЗІТКНЕННІ ТІЛ: ПЕРЕВІРКА ГІПОТЕЗИ НЬЮТОНА
Authors: Здещиц В. , Здещиц А. 
Published: April 2021

Розроблена методика проведення лабораторної роботи з фізики, яка використовує смартфон як вимірювальний комплекс для визначення величини коефіцієнта відновлення швидкості при падінні кульки на поверхню плити. Виконана перевірка гіпотези Ньютона щодо незалежності величини коефіцієнта від швидкості.
Формулювання проблеми. Під час пандемії, коли пересування студентів обмежено, виконувати очно лабораторні роботи з фізики стає неможливим. Тому вкрай важливо забезпечити студентів методичною та інструментальною підтримкою для проведення лабораторних робіт дистанційно.
Матеріали і методи. Поставлена проблема вирішувалася за допомогою розроблених мініатюрних мобільних дослідницьких установок у стилі технології BYOD. Методологічно робота базувалася на відомих законах механіки. Основні науково-практичні результати отримані з використанням реєстрації звука смартфоном під час зіткнення кульки з плитою, відео реєстрації траєкторії руху за допомогою смартфону в режимі slow motion, осцилографування тривалості удару.
Результати. Основним результатом роботи є розроблення мініатюрної дослідницької установки та методики її використання для дистанційного проведення лабораторної роботи "Визначення величини коефіцієнта відновлення швидкості при зіткненні тіл". Доведено, що гіпотеза Ньютона щодо незалежності величини коефіцієнта відновлення від швидкості падаючої на плиту кульки спростована. При швидкостях, менших 0,5 м/с значення коефіцієнта відновлення швидкості збільшується.
Висновки. Метод відео реєстрації в режимі “slow motion” дозволяє прослідкувати за допомогою смартфона залежність коефіціента відновлення від швидкості для кульок, виготовлених з різних матеріалів: скла, сталі, полібутадієна, пластмаси до величини . Звуковим методом найбільш стабільні результати можна отримати, якщо використовувати тенісні кульки діаметром 40 мм. Порівняння звукового методу з одночасною відеореєстрацією падіння тенісної кульки на стальну пліту довело, що результати узгоджуються і оба методи дають однакову величину коефіціента відновлення: . Спостерігається постійне перевищення висоти звуковим методом на величину 1-3 мм від фактичного, а висоти менше 15-20 мм не реєструються.