bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHANGES IN THE HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT AND IN THE FREQUENCY OF EXTREME HUMIDIFICATION CONDITIONS ON THE TERRITORY OF BELARUS DURING CLIMATE WARMING
Authors: Brovka Yuliya A. , Buyakov Ivan V. 
Published: March 2021

It is important to study the heat and moisture supply of the territory under climate warming conditions in Belarus since 1989, as well as changes in the occurrence frequency of extreme moisture conditions. The features of the spatial change in the averaged hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) for the period of climate warming (1989–2019) and the colder period preceding it (1960–1988) in the months of the growing season were revealed based on the maps constructed by interpolation. A decrease in the aridity of conditions in May and September in the southeast and east of the country, an increase in aridity in June and August (especially in the southern regions), an increase in the area with excessive moisture in July and its decrease in September were defined.
The article shows the features of changes in the frequency of droughts (HTC ≤ 0,7), less arid conditions (HTC = 0,71–1,0) and excessive moisture (HTC > 1,6) from May to September in 1989–2019, according to compared with the period 1960–1988. It was found that during the period of climate warming from May to September, there is a significant increase in the droughts frequency at meteorological stations in various regions of Belarus. A decrease in the number of years with drought in May and June is observed at several eastern and southern meteorological stations, in August – at the Zhitkovichi meteorological station, in September – at the Kostyukovichi meteorological station. The frequency of arid conditions in May, July and September decreases at many meteorological stations, and its changes are characterized by territorial heterogeneity. An increase in the number of years with less arid conditions is observed in most of Belarus in June and August. A significant increase in the frequency of excessive moisture was noted in July in most of the territory
of Belarus, in May – in some regions. A decrease in the frequency of excessive moisture is observed at many meteorological
stations in June and August; the number of years with excessive moisture increases only in the northern region. Spatial heterogeneity and less pronounced changes in the frequency of excessive moisture are noted in September.
LANDSCAPES OF THE BELARUSIAN POLESIE EASTERN AREA DURING THE CLIMATIC OPTIMUM OF THE MURAVIAN INTERGLACIAL
Authors: Rylova Tatyana B. , Matveyev Aleksey V. , Shidlovskaya Anna V. 
Published: March 2021

The paleolandscapes existed in the eastern area of the Belarusian Polesie region during the climatic optimum of the Muravian Interglacial were reconstructed.
This work was based on the paleogeomorphological chart compiled with the core data of boreholes located in the investigation area, the composition of sediments, an approximate depth to the groundwater table, as well as on the evidences of the flora and vegetation in the warmest phase of the Muravian Interglacial obtained as a result of the palynological studies of the relevant sediments.
The data available suggest that the flat landscapes of the temperate continental broad-leaved forest type existed in the investigation area at that time. This type landscapes are divided into 6 groups including 14 kinds and 10 varieties.
The represented chart of the paleolandscapes reflects an absolute predominance of the broad-leaved forests, but in contrast to the western part of the Belarusian Polesie with a lesser participation of the West European species peculiar to the areas with the warmer oceanic climate.
The completed reconstructions can be used to forecast the possible future landscape changes on the Belarusian
Polesie region under the global warming conditions, which can exceed the parameters of the Holocene climatic optimum and reach the climax of the Muravian interglacial.
Magia manei în cultura populară din Maramureș
Authors: Bilțiu Pamfil 
Published: March 2021

The magic of manna in the folk culture of Maramureş

Based on our direct field research, we have dedicated this study to a very rich chapter of magic, that of manna (abundance), as it appears in the folk culture of Maramureş.
In the first part we analyzed the concept of the manna in the Romanian and the universal folk culture, but also the categories of rites through which the magic of the abundance is performed.
We reserved the investigation part to the rites of defense, conservation and magical stimulation of the fields production. In this chapter we have focused on the rites that are practiced at certain times considered by people to be critical : the beginning of ploughing and sewing. We have reserved due space to the study of the rites related to the abundance of the fields in the spring customs, which represent a large category, then in the rites within the winter customs.
A large of our research was dedicated to the rites related to the defense and magical stimulation of animal products abundance. In this chapter too, we focused on the rites dedicated to critical moments: taking out the sheep, climbing the sheep in the mountains, the first milking. In our research, we have dealt extensively with the categories of rites related to the defense and stimulation of cow milk production.
A chapter of our study approaches the magical practices of stimulating tree fruits abundance, some preserved in traditional customs such as the threat to the barren tree. In this chapter we analyzed reminiscences of the stimulation of the manna of the trees in the old carols, such as "White apple flowers".
Another chapter of our research is dedicated to the rites of stimulating the abundance of poultry products.
A complex chapter is devoted to the rites of taking away the manna of milking animals.
I have reserved an equally extensive chapter to the rites of getting back the manna of milking animals, at the end of the research.
Keywords: manna, rite, animal, custom, tree
صوت الضاد في العربية
Authors: خلف سلمان الدراجي أحمد 
Published: March 2021

الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على محمد وآله المنتجبين ومن اهتدى بهديهم إلى يوم الدين، وبعد:
يعد موضوع صوت الضاد من الموضوعات المهمة في اللغة العربية، وقد اشتهر بصعوبة نطقه، حتى أصبحت صعوبة النطق به مشكلة كبيرة.
وقد اهتم البحث في نشأة مشكلة الضاد، وتحديد مخرج صوت الضاد عند المتقدمين والمحدثين، وتحديد مخرج هذا الصوت بناءً على لفظه الموصوف في طيات الكتب بمخرج معين ومحدد، وبيان مفهوم صفته والصفات التي أثبتت لهذا الصوت، كالإطباق، والاستعلاء، والجهر، والشدة، والاستطالة، والرخاوة، وكذلك التغييرات الصوتية التي أصابته في بعض اللهجات واثبتها في القران الكريم، وإيضاح وجود صوت الضاد في اللغات السامية. وقد تم اعتماد المنهجين الوصفي والتاريخي في البحث. وتجنّبنا الخوض في الفرق بين الضاد والظاء والتمييز بينهما؛ لأن هذا النوع من البحوث قد أُشبع ولا مجال لذكره هنا.
تضمّن البحث مبحثين سبقهما تمهيد وتلتهما خاتمة. وبحث في التمهيد مشكلة صوت الضاد ونشأتها.
وخصُّ المبحث الأول بمخرج صوت الضاد لغة واصطلاحًا، ومخرج صوت الضاد وصفته عند القدامى والمحدثين، أما المبحث الثاني فخص بصفات صوت الضاد عند المحدثين، والتغيير الذي أصاب صوت الضاد. ثم جاءت الخاتمة لتنتهي بأهم ما جاء في البحث.
وآخر دعوانا أن الحمد لله رب العالمين
The usage of optical wireless communication for an indoor channel link
Authors: J. Hasan Hasan , Adnan Saleh Zeyad , Ali Abd Ali Mazin 
Published: March 2021

Optical wireless communication using white LEDs is the latest research field for next-generation communication by using new technology termed as Light Fidelity or more commonly known as Li-Fi. This term indicate to the data transition in an indoor channel. In this paper we investigated the performance of Li-Fi for indoor channel and take into account the line of the sight (LOS) and non line of sight (NLOS). There are different metrics used to assessment system such as quality factor (Q-Factor) and bet error rate (BER). The results show that the Li-Fi technology can be working with a good performance. Also, the increase in optical link leads to a weak in the record signal
INFLUENCE OF INTERNAL MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES ON PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL HOUSING PROJECTS IN KIAMBU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kinuthia Kibugi Kenneth , Muchelule Dr. Yusuf 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The objective of the study was to establish the effect of internal management competencies on performance of commercial housing projects in Kiambu County, Kenya.
Methodology: The study employed descriptive research design. There are a total of 100 commercial housing developers operating in Kiambu County. This study targeted owners and operation managers in all the companies. Therefore, the study population was 200 respondents. This study adopted a census approach since the target population is not large. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire. Quantitative data gathered from correctly filled questionnaires was coded; tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 20 by both descriptive statistics which included mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics which includes Pearson correlation and regression coefficient which was used. The data was presented using frequency tables and graphs.
Results: The study revealed that there was a positive association between the variables of the study, that is, leadership competency, financial competency, project consultant competency and information technology competency with coefficients 0.636, 0.645, 0.676 and 0.622 respectively in relation to performance of commercial housing projects in Kiambu County. The p-values of leadership competency, financial competency, project consultant competency and information technology competency were 0.001, 0.011, 0.000 and 0.014 respectively. This implied that there was a significant and positive relation between internal management competencies and performance of commercial housing projects in Kiambu County.
Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The commercial housing firms should adopt the various strategic competencies that are useful to an organization to boost the performance of projects in commercial housing. The competencies include leadership and top management skills and financial management. The modern technology in the IT field is useful and should be adopted in the various project firms. Commercial housing firms’ excellence in internal management and acquisition of necessary physical and human resources should be an aim for all the registered firms. This is necessary to ensure quality of the projects.
Modelación de la educación y escolaridad desde las revoluciones industriales
Authors: Bonilla Molina Luis 
Published: March 2021

En este trabajo el autor muestra como los modelos de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se desarrollan en los sistemas escolares y son influenciados por la aceleración de la innovación científico tecnológica y las revoluciones industriales. El punto de vista es que estamos ante un giro brusco que impactan aceleradamente sobre los rituales y prácticas educativas. Llega a esta conclusión a partir de sus estudios de las tendencias de las reformas educativas en el mundo y el actual curso del cambio societal.
DIVERSIDAD Y ESTADO DE CONSERVACIÓN DE PECES ARRECIFALES EN PLAYA LA ANGOSTA, PROVINCIA DE COLÓN (PANAMÁ)
Authors: Melo Nemesio , De León Yhaidelice , Morales Jorge , Contreras Mónica 
Published: March 2021

Los arrecifes coralinos son considerados ambientes dinámicos y de gran importancia biológica debido a la alta diversidad de organismos que interactúan con este ecosistema. Los peces, que son parte de esta diversidad, actúan como controladores ambientales a través de la depredación, el herbivorismo y otros aspectos vinculados a las actividades tróficas. En el área del Caribe, se reporta el declive de comunidades de peces, indicándose entre sus amenazas: la sobrepesca, contaminación, explotación y cambio climático. El objetivo de estudio es determinar la riqueza, abundancia y estado de conservación de la ictiofauna en zonas arrecifales de Playa La Angosta, Colón. Se realizaron 7 muestreos diurnos entre los meses de octubre y diciembre del 2018, en zonas arrecifales de playa La Angosta, se establecieron dos sitios de estudio y dos transectos en banda, utilizándose el método de censo visual de buceo. Se determinó el estado de conservación a partir de la Lista Roja publicada por UICN. Se registró un total de 3668 individuos en 43 especies, 21 familias y 8 órdenes. Las familias más diversas son Haemulidae y Labridae con 6 especies cada una, seguido de Pomacentridae con 4 especies, Scaridae, Lutjanidae, Chaetodontidae y Carangidae con 3 especies. La familia más abundante fue la familia Labridae con un total 1274 individuos que representa un 34.7% de los taxa estudiadas. Se determinó que Lutjanus synagris está en categoría NT. Es el primer estudio en esta zona que reporta datos sobre diversidad y estado de conservación de peces arrecifales Se recomienda establecer estrategias para conservar tanto la diversidad de peces como cobertura de coral vivo.
SITUACIÓN ACTUAL DE LAS ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS EN LA PROVINCIA DE COLÓN, PANAMÁ: MARCO DESCRIPTIVO PARA UNA MEJOR GESTIÓN Y MANEJO
Authors: Ortiz Octavio , Moreno de Niño Yolanda , Vargas Cusatti Ursula , De La Cruz Cabrera Vera , Lanuza-Garay Alfredo 
Published: March 2021

Las áreas protegidas son por excelencia los lugares más valiosos para la conservación in situ de la naturaleza en un país. En Panamá, dichos espacios naturales son de interés institucional y de gestión por el beneficio ambiental que ofrecen, a pesar de la intensa presión humana de la cual son objeto. Al respecto, el Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (SINAP) del departamento de Manejo de Áreas Protegidas del Ministerio de Ambiente (MiAmbiente) de Panamá, través del Programa de Monitoreo de la Efectividad del Manejo de las Áreas Protegidas (PMEMAP) verifica todas a nivel nacional y su estado actual. El país cuenta con ciento cinco (105) áreas protegidas legalmente establecidas, de las cuales la provincia de Colón cuenta con cuatro: Parque Nacional Portobelo, Bosque Protector y Paisaje Protegido San Lorenzo, Área Recreativa Lago Gatún y Paisaje Protegido de Isla Galeta. Sin embargo, estas nocuentan desde 2012 con un análisis profundo que describa su particularidad en torno a aspectos sociales, ambientales, culturales y económicos, información que podría ser útil en la búsqueda de las posibles líneas de acción a corto, mediano y largo plazo. En esta investigación de carácter descriptivo sobre áreas protegidas de Colón y su situación actual, basándose en cinco ejes: social, administrativos, económico-financieros, político-legal, recursos naturales y culturales, además de investigaciones científicas y amenazas registradas, se realizó trabajo de campo y se revisó información del departamento de Manejo Áreas Protegidas del Ministerio de Ambiente. Los resultados muestran realidades diversas en cada una de las áreas protegidas tratadas, se recomienda establecer nuevos planes de acción y alianzas estratégicas apoyadas en educación ambiental, producción y fortalecimiento del conocimiento científico e incremento de personal idóneo. Por otro lado, las amenazas registradas se muestra un incremento significativo, lo que sugiere una incidencia negativa en la integridad de dichas áreas.
COMPARACIÓN DE LAS PRINCIPALES MOSCAS NECRÓFAGAS ATRAÍDAS POR HÍGADOS HUMANOS EN ESTADO DE DESCOMPOSICIÓN, EXPUESTOS A DIFERENTES INTERVALOS DE TIEMPO, EN UN ÁREA URBANA DE LA PROVINCIA DE PANAMÁ.
Authors: Garcés P. A. , Rosa M. B. , Portillo O. J. , Ross I. I. , Jiménez C. O. , Moreno C. M. , Cobos J. J. , Zapata O. , Chiari C. , Ku V. , Gutiérrez Medina V. , Góndola Y. , Mendieta C. , Pitti W. , Ochoa I. 
Published: March 2021

Se obtuvieron cuatro muestras de hígados humanos, de aproximadamente de 150 a 200 g. de la Morgue Judicial de Panamá. Los tejidos se expusieron a intervalos de tiempo que iban desde las primeras 12 horas, incluyendo las 24, 48, 72 y hasta 96 horas de descomposición. Las capturas de las moscas se realizaron durante tres horas continuas.
En total se capturaron 1003 ejemplares, distribuidos en tres familias y 11 especies: Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae y Muscida. La familia que mayormente atrapada en los tejidos fue la Calliphoridae seguida de la Sarcophagidae. Las especies más abundantes en el área correspondió a Chrysomya megacephala, con 464 ejemplares y Lucilia cuprina con 117 ejemplares, seguido de Lucilia sericata con 55 ejemplares y Lucilia eximia con 47 ejemplares. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer las principales especies de moscas necrófagas que arriban a los hígados humanos, expuestos a diferentes intervalos, en un área urbana de la provincia de Panamá.
ENDOPARÁSITOS EN CUATRO ESPECIES DE VIPERIDOS PROVENIENTES DE LA CONCESIÓN MINERA “COBRE PANAMÁ”
Authors: Quintero P. Indira , Ríos-Carrera Nivia , Mack P. Marcelo , Martínez C. Víctor 
Published: March 2021

Los parásitos en los sistemas digestivo y sanguíneo comprenden un amplio grupo de protozoarios y helmintos, que influyen directa o indirectamente en el estado de salud de sus hospederos (Negroni, 2009). Es importante determinar la ausencia o presencia y frecuencia de parásitos como potenciales causantes de enfermedades en serpientes. Los análisis parasitológicos constituyen técnicas para el seguimiento sanitario de poblaciones silvestres y cautivas (García, 2013). En esta investigación reportamos parásitos en Bothrops asper, Bothriechis schlegelii, Lachesis stenophrys, y Porthidium nasutum. Se analizaron un total de 75 muestras fecales y sanguíneas, utilizando las técnicas coprológicas de Bailenger y Sheather. Identificamos la prevalencia de parásitos como Eimeria sp. (72%), Hymenolepis sp. (52%), y Strongylus sp. (88%) y mediante la tinción de Giemsa para hemoparásitos, se identificó Hepatozoon sp.
Temperaments and characters: incompatible or complementary components for criterion B of the alternative model in predicting DSM-5 section II personality disorders?
Authors: Hemmati Azad , Vanderbleek Emily , Mirani Atefeh , Clark Lee , Rezaei Farzin 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundMany studies have found clear correspondence among the domains of the five-factor model of personality (FFM) and the alter-native model of personality disorders (AMPD) in DSM-5-III, which is assessed with the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). However, very few studies have compared the PID-5 with the other well-known established dimensional models of personality such as Cloninger’s model. The present study examined whether the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-125) dimensions, PID-5 dimensions, or a combination would represent PD-scale scores more accurately.Participants and procedureIn this regard, 437 college students completed the Persian version of the PID-5, TCI-125 and SCID-II Screening Questionnaire.ResultsThe results indicated that cooperativeness (low), self-directedness (low), and self-transcendence (high) characters of the TCI-125 and the psychoticism (high) domain of the PID-5 are the most consistent predictors of all PD-scale scores.ConclusionsOverall, the findings showed that an integrative model, combining dimensions of the TCI-125 and PID-5, represented the fea-tures of PD-scale scores most effectively.
Place of the gold standard isokinetic dynamometer in Paralympic sports: a systematic review
Authors: Ahmadi Shirko , Uchida Marco Carlos 
Published: March 2021

PurposeIsokinetic dynamometers are machines that can supply multiple elements for measuring muscle strength, peak force, power, endurance, and angle of maximal force. The purpose of this study was to run a systematic review to find the quality of evidence in studies evaluating the gold standard isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex) in Paralympic sports.MethodsThe search strategy was defined as: (‘Paralympic’ OR ‘Paralympic sport’ OR ‘Parasport’ OR ‘disabled athlete’ OR ‘athletes with a disability’) AND (‘strength’ OR ‘isokinetic’ OR ‘torque’ OR ‘muscle strength dynamometer’ OR ‘isokinetic dynamometer’ OR ‘Biodex’). Four databases were searched: PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and Scopus.ResultsFrom the 981 articles initially found, 10 records were finally included in this systematic review. Five articles were selected as high quality. The Biodex isokinetic dynamometer was introduced about 3 decades ago; still, a small number of papers (10) have been published on applying it in Paralympic sports. We observed different experimental protocols in the included studies. The shortage of standardization in the experimental protocols precludes pooling data for analyses.ConclusionsAs the Biodex isokinetic dynamometer is a gold standard, reliable, and valid instrument to measure human joint function, future research should apply it in Paralympic studies.
Weekly variations of biomechanical load variables in professional soccer players: comparisons between playing positions
Authors: Hasan Uday Ch. , Silva Rui , Clemente Filipe Manuel 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of the present study was fourfold: (i) to describe the weekly variations of acute external load measures during a professional soccer season; (ii) to analyse the variability of external load measures within weeks; (iii) to analyse the acute:chronic workload ratio of players during the process; and (iv) to analyse the differences of external load measures between playing positions.MethodsTwenty professional soccer players (age: 24.9 ± 3.5 years; body mass: 71.6 ± 18.7 kg; height: 168.8 ± 41.4 cm) from the same team competing in the First Portuguese League (Europe) voluntarily participated in this study. They were daily monitored with a Global Positioning System (GPS) and the following external load variables were extracted per session: (i) total distance; (ii) running distance; (iii) high-speed running distance; (iv) distance at maximal speed; (v) distance at high accelerations; and (vi) players’ training load. The acute load and acute:chronic workload ratio were weekly calculated for each of the GPS measures.ResultsWeek-by-week variations ranged from –57% to +115%, depending on the playing position and the variable measured. The within-week variability revealed coefficients of variation between 48% and 55%, depending on the measure. Considering the differences in mean load between playing positions, significant differences between players were found for the majority of the variables, with the only exceptions being maximal speed and high accelerations distances.ConclusionsGreat between-week variations in the acute load as well as the variability of load within weeks were found. It was observed that acute load was position-dependent.
Effect of stress on hand movement in a laboratory setting among high school students: preliminary research
Authors: Kim Hyungsook , O’Sullivan David , Camurri Antonio , Park Yonghyun , Kolykhalova Ksenia , Piana Stefano , You Jeong Ae , Seong Jeong Hee 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stress on movement before and after a computer application-based simulated stress task.MethodsDifferences in the movement of participants were examined by measuring movement quality described by wrist accumulated distance, velocity, acceleration, jerk, and smoothness. Ten high school students performed 3 horizontal and vertical hand circling movements before and after a simulated concentration-based stress task. Blood pressure was measured, and a saliva sample was collected before and after the stress test execution. The participants were instructed to take a 10-minute relaxation period, perform 3 horizontal and vertical circling movements, a 20-minute stress task, and then perform 3 horizontal and vertical movements.ResultsThere were significant differences between before- and after-stress-task levels of cortisol (<i>p</i> < 0.05), heart rate (<i>p</i> < 0.01), smoothness (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and jerk movements (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the vertical plane. The stress-related variables were lower after the relaxation phase than the stress task. Likewise, movements were smoother and had less jerk in the vertical plane after relaxation.ConclusionsThis study indicates that stress may affect hand movement quality in the vertical plane. Therefore, we recommend that any movement behaviour adaptive therapy should focus on movements in the vertical plane.