bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial composite coatings of MgB2 powders embedded in PVP matrix
Authors: Badica P. , Batalu N. D. , Burdusel M. , Grigoroscuta M. A. , Aldica G. , Enculescu M. , Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G. , Popa M. , Marutescu L. G. , Dumitriu B. G. , Olariu L. , Bicu A. , Purcareanu B. , Operti L. , Bonino V. , Agostino A. , Truccato M. , Chifiriuc M. C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThree commercial powders of MgB2 were tested in vitro by MTS and LDH cytotoxicity tests on the HS27 dermal cell line. Depending on powders, the toxicity concentrations were established in the range of 8.3–33.2 µg/ml. The powder with the lowest toxicity limit was embedded into polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, for two different concentrations. The self-replenishing MgB2-PVP composite materials were coated on substrate materials (plastic foil of the reservoir and silicon tubes) composing a commercial urinary catheter. The influence of the PVP-reference and MgB2-PVP novel coatings on the bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecium DMS 13590, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, in planktonic and biofilm state was assessed in vitro at 6, 24, and 48 h of incubation time. The MgB2-PVP coatings are efficient both against planktonic microbes and microbial biofilms. Results open promising applications for the use of MgB2 in the design of anti-infective strategies for different biomedical devices and systems.
Persistent deterioration of visuospatial performance in spaceflight
Authors: Takács Endre , Barkaszi Irén , Czigler István , Pató Lívia Gabriella , Altbäcker Anna , McIntyre Joseph , Cheron Guy , Balázs László 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlthough human adaptation to spaceflight has been studied for decades, little is known about its long-term effects on brain and behavior. The present study investigated visuospatial performance and associated electrophysiological responses in astronauts before, during, and after an approximately half-year long mission to the International Space Station. Here we report findings demonstrating that cognitive performance can suffer marked decrements during spaceflight. Astronauts were slower and more error-prone on orbit than on Earth, while event-related brain potentials reflected diminished attentional resources. Our study is the first to provide evidence for impaired performance during both the initial (~ 8 days) and later (~ 50 days) stages of spaceflight, without any signs of adaptation. Results indicate restricted adaptability to spaceflight conditions and calls for new research prior to deep space explorations.
CD82 is a marker to isolate β cell precursors from human iPS cells and plays a role for the maturation of β cells
Authors: Watanabe Ami , Tanaka Anna , Koga Chizuko , Matsumoto Masahito , Okazaki Yasushi , Kin Tatsuya , Miyajima Atsushi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGeneration of pancreatic β cells from pluripotent stem cells is a key technology to develop cell therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes and considerable efforts have been made to produce β cells. However, due to multiple and lengthy differentiation steps, production of β cells is often unstable. It is also desirable to eliminate undifferentiated cells to avoid potential risks of tumorigenesis. To isolate β cell precursors from late stage pancreatic endocrine progenitor (EP) cells derived from iPS cells, we have identified CD82, a member of the tetraspanin family. CD82+ cells at the EP stage differentiated into endocrine cells more efficiently than CD82− EP stage cells. We also show that CD82+ cells in human islets secreted insulin more efficiently than CD82− cells. Furthermore, knockdown of CD82 expression by siRNA or inhibition of CD82 by monoclonal antibodies in NGN3+ cells suppressed the function of β cells with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, suggesting that CD82 plays a role in maturation of EP cells to β cells.
Quantified assessment of hyperactivity in ADHD youth using IR-UWB radar
Authors: Lee Won Hyuk , Kim Johanna Inhyang , Kwon Amy M. , Cha Jong Ho , Yim Daehyeon , Lim Young-Hyo , Cho Seok-Hyun , Cho Sung Ho , Park Hyun-Kyung 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResearch on the quantification of hyperactivity in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been limited and inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to test the discriminative value of impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar for monitoring hyperactive individuals with ADHD and healthy controls (HCs). A total of 10 ADHD patients and 15 HCs underwent hyperactivity assessment using IR-UWB radar during a 22-min continuous performance test. We applied functional ANOVA to compare the mean functions of activity level between the 2 groups. We found that the mean function of activity over time was significantly different and that the activity level of the ADHD group slightly increased over time with high dispersion after approximately 7 min, which means that the difference in activity level between the two groups became evident at this period. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer test times are warranted to investigate the effect of age, sex, and ADHD subtype on activity level function.
Following de novo triglyceride dynamics in ovaries of Aedes aegypti during the previtellogenic stage
Authors: Tose Lilian Valadares , Weisbrod Chad R. , Michalkova Veronika , Nouzova Marcela , Noriega Fernando G. , Fernandez-Lima Francisco 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the molecular and biochemical basis of egg development is a central topic in mosquito reproductive biology. Lipids are a major source of energy and building blocks for the developing ovarian follicles. Ultra-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHRMS) combined with in vivo metabolic labeling of follicle lipids with deuterated water (2H2O) can provide unequivocal identification of de novo lipid species during ovarian development. In the present study, we followed de novo triglyceride (TG) dynamics during the ovarian previtellogenic (PVG) stage (2–7 days post-eclosion) of female adult Aedes aegypti. The incorporation of stable isotopes from the diet was evaluated using liquid chromatography (LC) in tandem with the high accuracy (< 0.3 ppm) and high mass resolution (over 1 M) of a 14.5 T Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer (14.5 T FT-ICR MS) equipped with hexapolar detection. LC-UHRMS provides effective lipid class separation and chemical formula identification based on the isotopic fine structure. The monitoring of stable isotope incorporation into de novo incorporated TGs suggests that ovarian lipids are consumed or recycled during the PVG stage, with variable time dynamics. These results provide further evidence of the complexity of the molecular mechanism of follicular lipid dynamics during oogenesis in mosquitoes.
Negative pressure wound therapy does not decrease postoperative wound complications in patients undergoing mastectomy and flap fixation
Authors: De Rooij L. , van Kuijk S. M. J. , van Haaren E. R. M. , Janssen A. , Vissers Y. L. J. , Beets G. L. , van Bastelaar J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPatients and breast cancer surgeons are frequently confronted with wound complications after mastectomy. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a promising technique for preventing wound complications after skin closure in elective surgery. However, a clinical study evaluating postoperative complications following the use of NPWT, focusing solely on closed incisions in patients undergoing mastectomy, has yet to be performed. Between June 2019 and February 2020, 50 consecutive patients underwent mastectomy with NPWT during the first seven postoperative days. This group was compared to a cohort of patients taking part in a randomized controlled trial between June 2014 and July 2018. Primary outcome was the rate of postoperative wound complications, i.e. surgical site infections, wound necrosis or wound dehiscence during the first three postoperative months. Secondary outcomes were the number of patients requiring unplanned visits to the hospital and developing clinically significant seroma (CSS). In total, 161 patients were analyzed, of whom 111 patients in the control group (CON) and 50 patients in the NPWT group (NPWT). Twenty-eight percent of the patients in the NPWT group developed postoperative wound complications, compared to 18.9% in the control group (OR = 1.67 (95% CI 0.77–3.63), p = 0.199). The number of patients requiring unplanned visits or developing CSS was not statistically significant between the groups. This study suggests that Avelle negative pressure wound therapy in mastectomy wounds does not lead to fewer postoperative wound complications. Additionally, it does not lead to fewer patients requiring unplanned visits or fewer patients developing clinically significant seromas.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03942575. Date of registration: 08/05/2019.
Cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine modulates a heart-spleen axis after acute myocardial infarction in spontaneous hypertensive rats
Authors: Bandoni Robson Luiz , Bricher Choque Pamela Nithzi , Dellê Humberto , de Moraes Tercio Lemos , Porter Maria Helena Mattos , da Silva Bruno Durante , Neves Gizele Alves , Irigoyen Maria-Claudia , De Angelis Kátia , Pavlov Valentin A. , Ulloa Luis , Consolim-Colombo Fernanda Marciano 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe mechanisms regulating immune cells recruitment into the heart during healing after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have major clinical implications. We investigated whether cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, modulates heart and spleen immune responses and cardiac remodeling after AMI in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs). Male adult SHRs underwent sham surgery or ligation of the left coronary artery and were randomly allocated to remain untreated or to pyridostigmine treatment (40 mg/kg once a day by gavage). Blood pressure and heart rate variability were determined, and echocardiography was performed at day six after MI. The heart and spleen were processed for immunohistochemistry cellular analyses (CD3+ and CD4+ lymphocytes, and CD68+ and CD206+ macrophages), and TNF levels were determined at day seven after MI. Pyridostigmine treatment increased the parasympathetic tone and T CD4+ lymphocytes in the myocardium, but lowered M1/M2 macrophage ratio towards an anti-inflammatory profile that was associated with decreased TNF levels in the heart and spleen. Treatment with this cholinergic agent improved heart remodeling manifested by lower ventricular diameters and better functional parameters. In summary, cholinergic stimulation by pyridostigmine enhances the parasympathetic tone and induces anti-inflammatory responses in the heart and spleen fostering cardiac recovery after AMI in SHRs.
Differential accumulation of tau pathology between reciprocal F1 hybrids of rTg4510 mice
Authors: Yanagisawa Daijiro , Hamezah Hamizah Shahirah , Pahrudin Arrozi Aslina , Tooyama Ikuo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTau, a family of microtubule-associated proteins, forms abnormal intracellular inclusions, so-called tau pathology, in a range of neurodegenerative diseases collectively known as tauopathies. The rTg4510 mouse model is a well-characterized bitransgenic F1 hybrid mouse model of tauopathy, which was obtained by crossing a Camk2α-tTA mouse line (on a C57BL/6 J background) with a tetO-MAPT*P301L mouse line (on a FVB/NJ background). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the genetic background and sex on the accumulation of tau pathology in reciprocal F1 hybrids of rTg4510 mice, i.e., rTg4510 on the (C57BL/6 J × FVB/NJ)F1 background (rTg4510_CxF) and on the (FVB/NJ × C57BL/6 J)F1 background (rTg4510_FxC). As compared with rTg4510_CxF mice, the rTg4510_FxC mice showed marked levels of tau pathology in the forebrain. Biochemical analyses indicated that the accumulation of abnormal tau species was accelerated in rTg4510_FxC mice. There were strong effects of the genetic background on the differential accumulation of tau pathology in rTg4510 mice, while sex had no apparent effect. Interestingly, midline-1 (Mid1) was identified as a candidate gene associated with this difference and exhibited significant up/downregulation according to the genetic background. Mid1 silencing with siRNA induced pathological phosphorylation of tau in HEK293T cells that stably expressed human tau with the P301L mutation, suggesting the role of Mid1 in pathological alterations of tau. Elucidation of the underlying mechanisms will provide novel insights into the accumulation of tau pathology and is expected to be especially informative to researchers for the continued development of therapeutic interventions for tauopathies.
Transcriptional heterogeneity of stemness phenotypes in the ovarian epithelium
Authors: Carter Lauren E. , Cook David P. , McCloskey Curtis W. , Grondin Melanie A. , Landry David A. , Dang Tiffany , Collins Olga , Gamwell Lisa F. , Dempster Holly A. , Vanderhyden Barbara C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is a monolayer of epithelial cells surrounding the ovary that ruptures during each ovulation to allow release of the oocyte. This wound is quickly repaired, but mechanisms promoting repair are poorly understood. The contribution of tissue-resident stem cells in the homeostasis of several epithelial tissues is widely accepted, but their involvement in OSE is unclear. We show that traits associated with stem cells can be increased following exposure to the cytokine TGFB1, overexpression of the transcription factor Snai1, or deletion of Brca1. We find that stemness is often linked to mesenchymal-associated gene expression and higher activation of ERK signalling, but is not consistently dependent on their activation. Expression profiles of these populations are extremely context specific, suggesting that stemness may not be associated with a single, distinct population, but rather is a heterogeneous cell state that may emerge from diverse environmental cues. These findings support that the OSE may not require distinct stem cells for long-term maintenance, and may instead achieve this through transient dedifferentiation into a stem-like state.
Overlapping roles of spliceosomal components SF3B1 and PHF5A in rice splicing regulation
Authors: Butt Haroon , Bazin Jeremie , Alshareef Sahar , Eid Ayman , Benhamed Moussa , Reddy Anireddy S. N. , Crespi Martin , Mahfouz Magdy M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe SF3B complex, a multiprotein component of the U2 snRNP of the spliceosome, plays a crucial role in recognizing branch point sequence and facilitates spliceosome assembly and activation. Several chemicals that bind SF3B1 and PHF5A subunits of the SF3B complex inhibit splicing. We recently generated a splicing inhibitor-resistant SF3B1 mutant named SF3B1GEX1ARESISTANT 4 (SGR4) using CRISPR-mediated directed evolution, whereas splicing inhibitor-resistant mutant of PHF5A (Overexpression-PHF5A GEX1A Resistance, OGR) was generated by expressing an engineered version PHF5A-Y36C. Global analysis of splicing in wild type and these two mutants revealed the role of SF3B1 and PHF5A in splicing regulation. This analysis uncovered a set of genes whose intron retention is regulated by both proteins. Further analysis of these retained introns revealed that they are shorter, have a higher GC content, and contain shorter and weaker polypyrimidine tracts. Furthermore, splicing inhibition increased seedlings sensitivity to salt stress, consistent with emerging roles of splicing regulation in stress responses. In summary, we uncovered the functions of two members of the plant branch point recognition complex. The novel strategies described here should be broadly applicable in elucidating functions of splicing regulators, especially in studying the functions of redundant paralogs in plants.
The Modified Barium Swallow Study for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: Recommendations From an Interdisciplinary Expert Panel
Authors: Martin-Harris Bonnie , Bonilha Heather Shaw , Brodsky Martin B. , Francis David O. , Fynes Margaret M. , Martino Rosemary , O'Rourke Ashli Karin , Rogus-Pulia Nicole M. , Spinazzi Noemi Alice , Zarzour Jessica 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Dysphagia occurs as a component of a wide variety of diseases and conditions. When unrecognized or poorly managed, dysphagia can result in malnutrition, volume depletion, and reduced quality of life, as well as aspiration, pneumonia, and death. This document focuses specifically on oropharyngeal dysphagia. The modified barium swallow study (MBSS) is a fluoroscopic motion study used to evaluate oropharyngeal anatomy and swallowing physiology in real time. It is typically performed by a speech-language pathologist together with a radiologist and often assisted by a radiologic technologist. Because oropharyngeal dysphagia has such a varied presentation, the guidance to diagnose and treat oropharyngeal dysphagia in the United States falls under the purview of several professional societies and organizations. However, a thorough review of available practice guidelines and appropriateness criteria issued to date reveals a deficit of up-to-date, comprehensive, evidence-based information on the diagnosis and evaluation of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Specifically, a lack of quality guidance on the ordering, performance, and reporting of the MBSS has hindered efforts to improve standardization and ensure quality continuity of care.

Method
In 2019, a group with expertise in oropharyngeal dysphagia (speech-language pathologists, radiologists, and referring physicians) convened with the goal of specifying a core set of expert recommendations/best practices to achieve a high-quality MBSS.

Results
Here, we present the results of the participants' discussions and provide consensus recommendations regarding ordering, performing, and reporting an MBSS.

Conclusion
The overarching goal of this summary is to emphasize the need for and encourage the development of MBSS practice guidelines to support clinicians and patients.
A multi‐class COVID‐19 segmentation network with pyramid attention and edge loss in CT images
Authors: Yu Fuli , Zhu Yu , Qin Xiangxiang , Xin Ying , Yang Dawei , Xu Tao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAt the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus COVID‐19 broke out. Due to its high contagiousness, more than 74 million people have been infected worldwide. Automatic segmentation of the COVID‐19 lesion area in CT images is an effective auxiliary medical technology which can quantitatively diagnose and judge the severity of the disease. In this paper, a multi‐class COVID‐19 CT image segmentation network is proposed, which includes a pyramid attention module to extract multi‐scale contextual attention information, and a residual convolution module to improve the discriminative ability of the network. A wavelet edge loss function is also proposed to extract edge features of the lesion area to improve the segmentation accuracy. For the experiment, a dataset of 4369 CT slices is constructed, including three symptoms: ground glass opacities, interstitial infiltrates, and lung consolidation. The dice similarity coefficients of three symptoms of the model achieve 0.7704, 0.7900, 0.8241 respectively. The performance of the proposed network on public dataset COVID‐SemiSeg is also evaluated. The results demonstrate that this model outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods and can be a powerful tool to assist in the diagnosis of positive infection cases, and promote the development of intelligent technology in the medical field.
Evaluation eines Screening-Programms: Herausforderungen der
Datenerhebung am Beispiel des Neugeborenen-Hörscreenings
Authors: Söhl Kristina , Brockow Inken , Matulat Peter , am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen Antoinette , Mansmann Ulrich , Nennstiel Uta 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Neugeborenen-Hörscreening (NHS) dient der
frühzeitigen Erkennung und Behandlung von angeborenen
Hörstörungen. Es ist in der
„Kinder-Richtlinie“ geregelt, die eine Evaluation nach 5
Jahren vorsieht. Diese erfolgte erstmals bundesweit für die Jahre
2011 und 2012 in Hinblick auf Struktur-, Prozess- und
Ergebnisqualität des NHS.
Fragestellung Herausforderungen bei der Ermittlung geeigneter Daten
als Grundlage der Evaluation sollen beschrieben und
Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt werden.
Methoden Als relevante Leistungserbringer des NHS wurden alle
geburtshilflichen und neonatologischen Abteilungen identifiziert und deren
Dokumentationen des NHS ausgewertet. Darüber hinaus wurden alle
pädaudiologischen Institutionen bundesweit identifiziert, um
anonymisierten Daten der Kinder mit beidseitigen, konnatalen, permanenten
Hörstörungen aus den relevanten Geburtsjahrgängen
abzufragen.
Ergebnisse Die vollständige Erfassung der relevanten
Leistungserbringer war sehr aufwendig. Über der Hälfte der
Leistungserbringer war nicht bekannt, dass für Daten des NHS eine
Sammelstatistik zu erstellen ist. Für 15% der zu screenenden
Kinder lagen keine Daten zum NHS vor. Bei der Erhebung der Kinder mit
beidseitigen konnatalen Hörstörungen wurden nur 60%
der erwarteten Fälle erfasst.
Schlussfolgerungen Für die Evaluation der Struktur-, Prozess-
und Ergebnisqualität des NHS standen teilweise nur
lückenhafte Daten zur Verfügung. Die Datengrundlage bei
geplanten Evaluationen sollte im Vorhinein in der Richtlinie präzise
definiert und Strukturen für die Erhebung der Daten prospektiv
geschaffen werden, um noch aussagekräftigere Ergebnisse zu erzielen.
Trotz der hier vorgestellten Probleme konnte die bundesweite Evaluation des
NHS wichtige Ergebnisse zum Screeningprozess aufzeigen.
Privacy versus Convenience: A Historical Perspective, Analysis of Risks, and an Informatics Call to Action
Authors: Ozeran Larry , Solomonides Anthony , Schreiber Richard 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background The pace of technological change dwarfs the pace of social and policy change. This mismatch allows for individual harm from lack of recognition of changes in societal context. The value of privacy has not kept pace with changes in technology over time; individuals seem to discount how loss of privacy can lead to directed personal harm.
Objective The authors examined individuals sharing personal data with mobile health applications (mHealth apps) and compared the current digital context to the historical context of harm. The authors make recommendations to informatics professionals to support consumers who wish to use mHealth apps in a manner that balances convenience with personal privacy to reduce the risk of harm.
Methods A literature search focused by a historical perspective of risk of harm was performed throughout the development of this paper. Two case studies highlight questions a consumer might ask to assess the risk of harm posed by mobile health applications.
Results A historical review provides the context for the collective human experience of harm. We then encapsulate current perceptions and views of privacy and list potential risks created by insufficient attention to privacy management.
Discussion The results provide a historical context for individuals to view the risk of harm and shed light on potential emotional, reputational, economic, and physical harms that can result from naïve use of mHealth apps. We formulate implications for clinical informaticists.
Conclusion Concepts of both harm and privacy have changed substantially over the past 20 years. Technology provides methods to invade privacy and cause harm unimaginable a few decades ago. Only recently have the consequences become clearer. The current regulatory framework is extremely limited. Given the risks of harm and limited awareness, we call upon informatics professionals to support more privacy education and protections and increase mHealth transparency about data usage.