bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrosigmoid approach for giant cystic vestibular schwannoma: subperineural dissection technique for facial nerve preservation
Authors: Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Jyung Robert W. , Liu James K. 
Published: October 2021

In this illustrative video, the authors demonstrate retrosigmoid resection of a giant cystic vestibular schwannoma using the subperineural dissection technique to preserve facial nerve function. This thin layer of perineurium arising from the vestibular nerves is used as a protective buffer to shield the facial and cochlear nerves from direct microdissection trauma. A near-total resection was achieved, and the patient had an immediate postoperative House-Brackmann grade I facial nerve function. The operative nuances and pearls of technique for safe cranial nerve and brainstem dissection, as well as the intraoperative decision and technique to leave the least amount of residual adherent tumor, are demonstrated.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.7.FOCVID21128
Management of jugular bulb injury during retrosigmoid transmeatal resection of vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Constanzo Felipe , de Almeida Teixeira Bernardo Correa , Neto Mauricio Coelho , Ramina Ricardo 
Published: October 2021

Inadvertent laceration of the jugular bulb is a potentially serious complication of the retrosigmoid transmeatal approach to vestibular schwannomas. Here, the authors present the case of a 51-year-old woman with a right Hannover T4a vestibular schwannoma and bilateral high-riding jugular bulb, which was opened during drilling of the internal auditory canal (IAC). They highlight the immediate management of this complication, technical nuances for closing the defect without occluding the jugular bulb, and modifications of the standard technique needed to continue surgical resection.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.7.FOCVID2155
Dorsal displacement of the facial nerve in vestibular schwannoma surgery
Authors: Jung Gustavo S. , Duarte Joel Fernando Sanabria , de Aragão Afonso H. , Vosgerau Ronaldo Pereira , Ramina Ricardo 
Published: October 2021

The course of the facial nerve (FN) has been extensively investigated in patients with vestibular schwannomas (VSs). FN running dorsally to the tumor capsule accounts for less than 3% of the cases. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)–based fiber tracking helps to preoperatively identify the FN. During surgery, a higher risk of injury is associated with the dorsal location of the FN. The authors demonstrate the nuances and tricks to identify and preserve a dorsal displaced FN during resection of a large VS, T3b according to the Hannover classification, through the retrosigmoid-transmeatal approach.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2021.7.FOCVID2182
Polski model „Klauzuli dobrego samarytanina” – perspektywa karnoprawna.
Authors: Potulski Jacek Tomasz 
Published: October 2021

Artykuł omawia nowopowstałą regulację prawną ograniczającą odpowiedzialność karną personelu medycznego związaną z diagnozą i leczeniem COVID-19 – przepis zwany jest również „klauzulą dobrego samarytanina”. Autor analizuje poszczególne znamiona kontratypu i próbuje odnaleźć praktyczne znacznie regulacji. Praca zawiera również postulaty de lege ferenda odnoszące się do poszczególnym znamion czynu oraz do zakresu obowiązywania przepisu.
W toku analizy zastosowano metodę dogmatyczno-językową jako podstawową metodę analizy tekstu prawnego. Artykuł jest jednym z pierwszych przykładów analizy przepisu stąd też odnosi się do regulacji Kodeksu karnego jako płaszczyzny porównawczej.
Load bearing capacity of thin-walled rectangular and I-shaped steel sections of short both empty and concrete-filled columns
Authors: Bouaricha Amor , Handel Naoual , Boutouta Aziza , Djouimaa Sarah 
Published: October 2021

In this experimental work, strength results obtained on short columns subjected to concentric loads are presented. The specimens used in the tests have made of cold-rolled, thin-walled steel. Twenty short columns of the same cross-section area and wall thickness have been tested as follows: 8 empty and 12 filled with ordinary concrete. In the aim to determine the column section geometry with the highest resistance, three different types of cross-sections have been compared: rectangular, I-shaped unreinforced and, reinforced with 100 mm spaced transversal links. The parameters studied are the specimen height and the cross-sectional steel geometry. The registered experimental results have been compared to the ultimate loads intended by Eurocode 3 for empty columns and by Eurocode 4 for compound columns. These results showed that a concrete-filled composite column had improved strength compared to the empty case. Among the three cross-section types, it has been found that I-section reinforced is the most resistant than the other two sections. Moreover, the load capacity and mode of failure have been influenced by the height of the column. Also, it had noted that the experimental strengths of the tested columns don’t agree well with the EC3 and EC4 results.
Treatment of back pain in active axial spondyloarthritis with serial locoregional water-filtered infrared A radiation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Klemm Philipp , Aykara Iris , Eichelmann Markus , Neumann Elena , Frommer Klaus , Lange Uwe 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term effects of locoregional water-filtered infrared A radiation (sl-wIRAR) in the treatment of lower back pain in patients with axSpA. METHODS: Patients with active axSpA with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy undergoing a 7-day multimodal rheumatologic complex treatment in an in-patient setting were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) receiving sl-wIRAR treatment of the back (2 treatments/day for 30 min each for 6 days) or to the control group (CG) receiving no treatment. Primary outcome was a between-group difference in pain after sl-wIRAR therapy measured on a numeric rating scale (NRS) (0 = no pain, 10 = worst pain). Secondary outcomes included an assessment of i) the onset and development of analgesic effects and an evaluation of whether sl-wIRAR ii) improved axSpA-specific well-being and iii) influenced serum cytokine levels. RESULTS: Seventy-one patients were enrolled, completed the trial and were analyzed (IG: 36 patients, CG: 35 patients). In the IG, there was a statistically significant change (p< 0.0005) in pain level [NRS] (1.6 ± 1.9 [5; 2]) from baseline (4.1 ± 2.4 [0; 8]) to trial completion (2.6 ± 2.0 [0; 7]) and a significant difference to the CG (p= 0.006). In the IG there was a significant improvement in axSpA-specific well-being (BAS-G) (p= 0.006). A physiologically relevant change in serum cytokine levels could not be observed. CONCLUSION: sl-wIRAR treatment can be useful in the treatment of patients with active axSpA as it leads to a rapid reduction of pain.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLACENTAL GROWTH RATES AND THE BIRTH WEIGHT IN DICHORIONIC DIAMNIOTIC TWINS
Authors: Tepla I.V. 
Published: October 2021

Relevance. Birth weight is one of the main indicators of intrauterine fetal development. The condition of the placenta reflects the influence of the maternal environment on the fetus. It is important to find out which placental growth parameters significantly affect the mass of dichorionic diamniotic (DHDA) twins.
Objective: to investigate the relationship between indicators of placental growth and birth weight of dichorionic diamniotic twins.
Materials and methods. One hundred thirty-five DCDA twin pairs were studied during 2016-2020: 68 pairs were opposite-sex, 32 – same-sex females and 35 – same-sex males. The gestational age ranged from 29 to 39.5 weeks, averaging 36,4 ± V1,74 weeks. The influence of such parameters as maximum and minimum placental diameters, as well as perimeter, area, circularity (Circ), roundness, thickness, mass (PM), volume (V), displacement of the umbilical cord insertion site from the placental disc centre along its maximum (XCD) and the minimum axis (YCD).
Results. A strong positive correlation was found between PM and birth weight in the whole cohort of DCDA twins (r = 0.7059, p < 0.0001). It was strongest in the same-sex female group (r = 0.7886, p < 0.0001), then in the opposite-sex pairs (r = 0.7093, p < 0.0001), slightly weaker – in the same-sex male couples (r = 0.6065, p < 0.0001). The birth weight and PM correlated with almost all indicators that characterize the placental shape. The strongest correlation was with V (rV_BW = 0.66, p < 0.0001; rV_PM = 0.59, p < 0.0001) and the area*Circ (rS*Circ_BW = 0.64; p < 0.0001; rS*Circ_PM = 0.62; p < 0.0001). The multiple regression analysis of the effect of different morphometric parameters of the placentas on the birth weight has demonstrated the statistical significance of the following parameters: XCD, PM, V, YCD and Circ. The general regression model for the whole DCDA group: birth weight = 2242,3 + 0,8*МП + V – 10,0* XCD (R2 = 0,7002). Similar equations were calculated for different types of DCDA tweens. Thus, morphometric measures account for the 67-85% variances of the birth weight of the DCDA tweens.
Conclusion. In the DCDA pairs, placental mass strongly positively correlated with birth weight. Both indicators are in strong relationship with V and their area*Circ. The closer the placental shape is to the circle, the higher its functional ability. Deterioration of the latter may be due to the far fixation of the umbilical cord from the center of the placental disc. The displacement along the maximum axis has a stronger impact comparing to the displacement relative to the minimum axis. The multiple regression analysis has revealed that statistical significance had XCD and PM or V in the whole types of twins. Proposed models demonstrate that 67-85% of the variability of birth weight may be accounted for by the three or four simple placental measures
Association of lipoprotein lipase expression with TP53 gene polymorphisms in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
Authors: Abramenko I. , Bilous N. , Chumak A. , Dyagil I. , Martina Z. 
Published: October 2021

Summary. Background: Expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) correlates with unmutated (UM) status of the variable region of the heavy chain of immunoglobulin (IGHV) genes, but the expression level of LPL in UM chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cases varies significantly. Aim: To study the association of LPL expression with the genetic variants of the TP53 gene since both genes are involved in lipid metabolism. Materials and Methods: Expression of LPL mRNA was measured in peripheral blood mononuclears of 45 CLL patients with UM IGHV genes by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Mutational status of IGHV genes and TP53 genotyping (rs1042522, rs1642785, rs17883323, rs2909430, rs145153611, rs113530090, rs12947788, rs12951053, and rs17878362) were performed by polymerase chain reaction amplification followed by direct sequencing. Results: Observed CLL patients were divided on groups with low (11.17 ± 2.66) and high (275.48 ± 39.37) LPL expression. In CLL patients with UM IGHV genes and low LPL expression we found an increased frequency of rs1042522 G (p = 0.0036), rs1642785 C (p = 0.0001), and rs17878362A2 alleles (p = 0.0091). The possible functional significance of these changes is discussed. Conclusion: Some polymorphic variants of TP53 may be genetic modifiers for LPL expression level in CLL leukemic B-cells. Further research is required in a larger cohort to confirm these findings.
Oxamate, an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase, can stimulate M2 polarization of peritoneal macrophages in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma
Authors: Solyanik G.I. , Karaman O.M. , Yakshibaeva Y.R. , Pyaskovskaya O.N. , Kolesnyk D.L. 
Published: October 2021

Summary. Background: Inhibition of aerobic glycolysis of cancer cells is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neoplasms. Some inhibitors of energy metabolism can affect not only tumor cells but also the functional polarization of tumor-associated macrophages, which may either enhance the antitumor effect of such agents or impair their antitumor efficacy. Aim: To investigate the effect of oxamate, a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor, on the polarization of peritoneal macrophages (PMP) in both intact mice and mice with transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Materials and Methods: The low-metastatic LLC variant, LLC/R9, was transplanted to female C57Bl/6 mice. Sodium oxamate was used as the test agent at concentrations of 0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/ml. Macrophage polarization in tumor-bearing mice was estimated on day 23 after tumor transplantation by assessing nitric oxide (NO) production and arginase activity as functional indices of PMPs polarization. Results: Oxamate can affect the functional polarization of PMPs in both intact mice and animals with transplanted LLC/R9. Oxamate in all studied concentrations changed the markers of PMPs polarization in intact mice (decreasing NO levels and activating arginase activity) that indicated the stimulation of M2 polarization. In tumor-bearing animals, stimulation of M2 polarization is observed at low concentrations of oxamate (0.02 mg/ml), but its high concentrations (2.0 mg/ml) causes M1 polarization, which is characterized by three-fold increase in the level of NO and a decrease in the level of arginase activity. Conclusion: Oxamate, an inhibitor of LDH, can stimulate M2 polarization of peritoneal macrophages of mice bearing LLC in a dose-dependent manner.
Influence of bacterial lectin on key regulatory links of functional activity of macrophages in mice with Ehrlich carcinoma
Authors: Chumak A.V. , Fedosova N.I. , Shcherbina V.M. , Cheremshenko N.L. , Karaman O.M. , Chekhun V.F. 
Published: October 2021

Summary. Background: Recent studies have shown the potential of using different approaches for immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Macrophages (Mph) are one of the promising targets for immunotherapy. Aim: To investigate changes in the functional activity of Mph in mice with Ehrlich carcinoma by nitric oxide (NO)/arginase (Arg), IRF4/IRF5 and STAT1/STAT6 ratios caused by administration of lectin from B. subtilis IMV-7724. Materials and Methods: From the 2nd day after Ehrlich carcinoma inoculation into female Balb/c mice, lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 (0.02 mg/mouse) was administered for 10 days. The peritoneal Mph were isolated on days 14, 21, and 28 after tumor transplantation and their functional state (NO production, Arg activity and cytotoxic activity) was examined. The levels of mRNA expression of transcription factors STAT-1, STAT-6, IRF5, IRF4 were evaluated. Results: In lectin-treated animals with Ehrlich carcinoma, the functional state of Mph (NO/Arg ratio, index of cytotoxic activity) was maintained at the level of intact mice exceeding the values in untreated animals with Ehrlich carcinoma at late terms of tumor growth (21, 28 days). Analysis of mRNA expression levels of transcription factors in these animals showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the ratio of STAT1/STAT6 on the day 21 and IRF5/IRF4 on day 28 of tumor growth compared to that in untreated mice. Conclusions: Administration of lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724 to mice with Ehrlich carcinoma led to the prevalence of Mph exhibiting the functional properties of M1 type at late-term tumor growth. The transcription factors of the STAT and IRF signaling pathways are involved in the process of Mph polarization induced by lectin from B. subtilis IMV B-7724.
Distribusi Kelainan Kromosom Sindrom Down dan Usia Ibu saat Melahirkan di SLB Negeri Semarang
Authors: Andrianti Vidyaningtyas Bothi , Faradz Sultana MH 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Sindrom Down merupakan penyebab umum dari 25-30% retardasi mental di dunia. Studi sitogenetik menunjukkan bahwa 94% dari kasus Sindrom Down adalah trisomi yang disebabkan oleh nondisjunction, 3,5% translokasi dan 2,5% mosaik. Nondisjunction sering terjadi pada kelahiran bayi dari ibu dengan usia 35 tahun keatas, namun translokasi biasanya terjadi pada ibu dengan usia muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi sitogenetik dan usia ibu dari kasus Sindrom Down pada salah satu SLB di Semarang.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif. Siswa-siswi dengan karakteristik Sindrom Down dari 111 anak retardasi mental yang mencakup kelas TKLB, SDLB, SMPLB dan SMALB di SLB Negeri Semarang periode Juli 2007 – Juni 2008 dilakukan pemeriksaan klinik terbatas, pemeriksaan sitogenetik, analisis kromosom, dan wawancara terhadap orang tua siswa
Hasil: Penelitian dilakukan pada 24 (21,62 %) anak yang dicurigai Sindrom Down dari 111 anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang periode Juli 2007 - Juni 2008. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan dari 20 anak SLBC Negeri Semarang dengan penampakan klinis Sindrom Down, 19 anak (95 %) mempunyai kelainan kromosom Trisomi 21 (kelebihan 1 kromosom 21) dan 1 anak (5%) dengan kariotipe (46,XX). Dalam penelitian ini tidak ditemukan kasus dengan kelainan kromosom translokasi maupun mosaik. Dari 19 anak, setelah dilakukan wawancara dengan orang tua penderita ditemukan bahwa distribusi usia ibu saat melahirkan terbanyak adalah antara 36 - 40 tahun (31,57 %).
Saran: Konseling genetik dan pemeriksaan yang komprehensif perlu dilakukan untuk penanganan dan pencegahan Sindrom Down.
Simpulan: Kasus Sindrom Down terbanyak adalah Trisomi 21 dan dilahirkan oleh ibu usia >35 tahun.

Kata kunci: Sindrom Down, Usia Ibu saat Melahirkan, Kelainan Kromosom
Profesionalisme Mufti Dan Ahli-Ahli Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri: Analisis Terhadap Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Perlis, Pahang Dan Terengganu
Authors: Rosidi Mohd Harifadilah , Mokhtar Ahmad Wifaq , Abdul Majid Mohd Nasir 
Published: October 2021

Pelantikan mufti dan ahli-ahli jawatankuasa fatwa negeri perlu dibuat berdasarkan Profesionalisme yang perlu ada pada jawatan tersebut untuk menghasilkan penyelidikan fatwa yang bermutu, kompeten dan diyakini. Jesteru kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti profesionalisme Mufti dan Ahli-Ahli Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri seterusnya melakukan analisis terhadap Jawatankuasa Fatwa sedia ada. Kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kajian analisis komparatif digunakan. Data yang dikumpul daripada surat rasmi, temubual, buku, artikel dalam jurnal, prosiding dan disertasi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sementara itu, Jawatankuasa Fatwa negeri Perlis, Terengganu dan Pahang pula dipilih untuk dianalisis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan 3 kriteria utama pemilihan mufti untuk memperkasakan Profesionalisme Jawatan Mufti iaitu berpendidikan tinggi, berkelulusan syariah dan berlatar belakang sebagai ahli akademik. Hasil analisis terhadap Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Perlis mendapati kebanyakan ahli memenuhi kriteria ini manakala bagi Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Terengganu dan Pahang masih berada di tahap yang sederhana. Kajian lanjut perlu dijalankan terhadap organisasi jawatankuasa negeri-negeri lain untuk memastikan tahap profesionalisme jawatan ini terus diperkasakan.
Motivating Factors Influencing Student Paramedic Choice of Paramedicine as a Career
Authors: Weber Anthony , Delport Shannon , Hodgetts Andrew 
Published: October 2021

Introduction This study aimed to identify and assess the factors, motivations and influences on undergraduate students’ choice of paramedicine for their studies and ultimately a career in paramedicine. Methods A survey was available to 205 first-year Bachelor of Paramedic Science students to assess background, motivational factors and influences on choosing their undergraduate studies. Results The response rate to an online survey distributed to 205 students yielded an almost 25% response rate (n=51). Altruistic factors were the main reason students chose to study for a degree in paramedic science and ultimately a career in paramedicine. Although essential, extrinsic, sociodemographic and interpersonal factors were less motivating factors. Despite other research suggesting media coverage leads to increased student enrolments, the media coverage of paramedics as frontline health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and the ‘lights and sirens’ effect of ambulance/paramedic reality television shows as influences were not highly regarded. Conclusion The altruistic factors inﬂuencing career choices in paramedicine are generally similar across the healthcare industry. In this review, the motivating nature of extrinsic, interpersonal and sociodemographic factors was generally inconclusive. However, these factors may well apply to a university's initial recruitment strategy and as a factor for ambulance services to consider when identifying the motivating factor of a student paramedic to join the workforce.
Vaginal Tablets of Metronidazole (750 mg) plus Miconazole Nitrate (200 mg) versus Oral Metronidazole (2 g) for Bacterial Vaginosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Thamkhantho Manopchai , Chayachinda Chenchit , Lertaroonchai Chanita 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To compare the cure rates, side effects, satisfaction, and recurrence rates of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in women having vaginal tablets of metronidazole (750 mg) plus miconazole (200 mg)—the “NPF group”—versus oral metronidazole (2 g)—the “MET group.”
Materials and methods: This September 2019–March 2020 trial enrolled symptomatic women aged 18–45 years diagnosed with BV based on Amsel’s criteria. Excluded were women who were immunocompromised; allergic to metronidazole or miconazole; had BV episodes during the preceding 3 months; or had abnormal vaginal bleeding. After randomization with a ratio 1:1, another vaginal swab was done for Nugent scoring. Two weeks later, the evaluation using Amsel’s criteria and Nugent scores was repeated. Also, symptom resolution, side effects and satisfaction were evaluated. Symptomatic resolution referred to 75% improvement in discharge, irritation, itching, odor, and coital pain. At one and three months, subjective symptomatic recurrence was assessed by telephone.
Results: Data on 70 participants were analyzed (NPF, N=34; MET, N=36). Their average age was 32.3±7.9 years (NPF, 34.1±8.1; MET, 30.6±7.3). Without statistical significance, NPF had higher symptom resolution (67.7% vs 58.3%; P=0.420), cure rate by Amsel criteria (82.4% vs 77.8%; P=0.632), and cure rate by Nugent scoring (35.3% vs 16.9%; P=0.075). Both groups reported high satisfaction (NPF, 8.5±1.4; MET, 7.9±2.0; P=0.125). Side effects were comparable, including appetite loss, metallic taste, nausea, and dizziness.
Conclusion: For BV treatment, both vaginal ovules containing metronidazole (750 mg) plus miconazole nitrate (200 mg) and oral metronidazole (2 g) show comparable efficacy and side effects.
El patrimonio inmaterial y la construcción de paz: la actividad del Centro de Memoria, Paz y Reconciliación de Bogotá D.C.
Authors: Antequera Guzmán José 
Published: October 2021

En este escrito se describe la labor del Centro de Memoria, Paz y Reconciliación de Bogotá, Colombia, como un proyecto funcional a la construcción de paz a partir de sus elementos particulares. Estos han sido resultado de la decisión consciente de cuestionar retóricas instaladas sobre la labor que correspondería a los llamados sitios de memoria, pero disfuncionales, directamente inconvenientes y poco efectivas.
El abordaje de esos elementos particulares y perspectivas de actuación es un aporte al conocimiento sobre la cuestión del patrimonio inmaterial para la resolución de conflictos, así como un referente de análisis para otras experiencias en curso o por construir.