bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurological Manifestations of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection at a Tertiary Care Centre from Southern India
Authors: Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Kulhalli Preeti , Vamyanmane Dhananjaya K. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous herpes virus. It is the most common congenital viral infection. Data on congenital CMV in India are lacking and hence the present study was undertaken.

Objectives The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological profile of neurological manifestations of congenital CMV infections in tertiary care hospital.

Methods This is a retrospective chart review of the clinical and laboratory profile of congenital CMV infections presenting from January 2018 to February 2020 to a tertiary care hospital in Southern India. Details of clinical profile, serological and neuroimaging data were obtained and analyzed.

Results A total of 42 cases with female preponderance (57%) were reported during the study period. The mean age of presentation was 2.9 years. Clinical features were developmental delay (81%), microcephaly (93%), seizures (33%), intrauterine growth restriction (19%), neonatal encephalopathy (10%), anemia (9%), jaundice (10%), hepato-splenomegaly (7%), and eye abnormalities (14%). Antenatal maternal fever was reported by 12%. Sensorineural hearing loss was present in 57%. Neuroimaging showed periventricular calcification (79%), cerebral atrophy (69%), ventricular dilatation (55%), malformations (26%), dysmyelination (12%), and temporal lobe cysts (5%). CMV-immunoglobulin-M positivity was seen in 14 cases (33%), urinary polymerase chain reaction for CMV was positive in 21 cases (50%), and clinical diagnosis was done in seven cases (16%).

Conclusion Common findings in congenital CMV are microcephaly, developmental delay, seizures, anemia, and sensorineural hearing loss. Common neuroimaging findings are periventricular calcification, cerebral atrophy, malformation, white matter signal changes, and cysts. CMV can mimic like cerebral palsy, malformations of the brain, demyelinating disorders, and calcified leukoencephalopathies like Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.
Predictors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Patients with Major Depressive Disorder at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry
Authors: Lalthankimi Ralte , Nagarajan Padmavathi , Menon Vikas , Olickal Jeby Jose 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives Mental disorders have a large impact on death by suicide. Hence, this study aims to determine the prevalence of suicidal behaviors among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and the associated factors.

Materials and Methods This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among individuals aged 18 to 65 years, diagnosed with MDD in the Psychiatry Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Center, Puducherry during March to October 2019. Severity of depression was assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was used to find the suicidal behaviors.

Results For 166 participants in the study, mean (standard deviation) age was 40 (11) years and majority were females (76%). More than one-third (37%) had severe or very severe depression, and the prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts were 83, 24, and 35%, respectively. After adjusting the covariates, the severity of depression and unemployment were significantly associated with suicidal attempts (adjusted prevalence ratios [aPR] = 11.4 and 1.9), and very severe depression was associated with suicidal ideation (aPR = 1.6). Among 140 individuals with suicidal ideation, 45 (32%) had an ideation frequency of 2 to 3 times/week, 69 (50%) had ideation for 1 hour, 36 (26%) could control ideation with little difficulty, and 12% had suicidal ideation mostly to end or stop their pain.

Conclusion Suicidal ideation and attempts were significantly high in MDD patients, and the severity of depression was significantly associated with it. Early identification of high-risk suicidal behavior and implementation of effective preventive interventions are necessary to reduce death by suicide in these groups.
The Graduated Embryo Score of Embryos from Infertile Women with and without Peritoneal Endometriosis
Authors: Caran Juliana , Genro Vanessa Krebs , Souza Carlos Augusto Bastos de , Cunha-Filho João Sabino 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective To determine embryo quality (mean graduated embryo score [GES]) in infertile patients with endometriosis undergoing in vitro fertilization with embryo transfer (IVF-ET) compared with infertile patients without endometriosis.
Methods A case-control study was performed comparing 706 embryos (162 patients) divided into 2 groups: 472 embryos derived from patients without endometriosis (n = 109, infertile patients with tubal infertility) and 234 embryos from patients in the study group (n = 53, infertile patients with peritoneal endometriosis). All patients were subjected to IVF using an oestradiol-antagonist-recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) protocol for ovarian stimulation. The mean GES was performed to evaluate all embryos at 3 points in time: 16 to 18 hours, 25 to 27 hours, and 64 to 67 hours. Embryo evaluation was performed according to the following parameters: fragmentation, nucleolar alignment, polar body apposition, blastomere number/morphology, and symmetry. The primary outcome measure was the mean GES score. We also compared fertilization, implantation, and pregnancy rates.
Results Although the number of embryos transferred was greater in patients with endometriosis than in the control group (2.38 ± 0.66 versus 2.15 ± 0.54; p = 0.001), the mean GES was similar in both groups (71 ± 19.8 versus 71.9 ± 23.5; p = 0.881). Likewise, the fertilization rate was similar in all groups, being 61% in patients with endometriosis and 59% in the control group (p = 0.511). No significant differences were observed in the implantation (21% versus 22%; [p = 0.989]) and pregnancy rates (26.4% versus 28.4%; p = 0.989).
Conclusion Embryo quality measured by the mean GES was not influenced by peritoneal endometriosis. Likewise, the evaluated reproductive outcomes were similar between infertile patients with and without endometriosis.
Aging Methods—An Evaluation of Their Influence on Bond Strength
Authors: Teixeira Gabriela Simões , Pereira Gabriel Kalil Rocha , Susin Alexandre Henrique 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the effect of different artificial aging methods on the bond strength of a resin composite associated with a universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal) used under two etching approaches (self-etch [SE] or etch-and-rinse [ER]) to enamel and dentin substrates.
Materials and Methods A total of 96 noncarious human third molars were prepared and randomly divided according to three factors (n = 6): substrate (enamel and dentin), adhesive approach (SE and ER), and aging method (water storage for 24 hours, 6 months, or 1 year; subjected to 10,000, 20,000, or 30,000 thermal cycles; and sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] storage for 1 or 5 hours).
Statistical Analysis Microshear bond strength tests were conducted, and the collected data (MPa) were subjected to three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Bonferroni tests (p < 0.05) and Weibull analysis. The failure pattern was also evaluated.
Results Three-way ANOVA revealed that the factors “substrate” (p = 0.00) and “aging method” (p = 0.00) had a significant effect on the bond strength, but the factor “adhesive approach” did not (p = 0.84). The bond strength in the enamel group for the SE approach was negatively affected under 20,000 and 30,000 thermal cycles. Weibull presented the highest m in the NaOCl storage for the 5 hours group to enamel using the SE and to dentin using ER approaches. Adhesive/mixed failures were predominant for all groups.
Conclusion Thermocycling aging (20,000 and 30,000 cycles) significantly reduced the bond strength to enamel using the SE approach. On the contrary, storage with the NaOCl method proved to increase bond strength under the evaluated conditions.
The Value of a Standardized Knee Functional Assessment in Predicting the Outcomes of Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ferreira Aline Miranda , Salim Rodrigo , Fogagnolo Fabricio , de Oliveira Luciano Fonseca Lemos , Riberto Marcelo , Kfuri Mauricio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractQuestionnaires and physical tests are tools to determine the ability of an individual to perform tasks of the daily living. In our institution, a standardized knee performance evaluation including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and physical performance tests has been applied to all patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Our goal was to identify which preoperative tools influence the outcomes of a TKA and if physical performance tests can be of value if used along with PROMs in predicting functional outcomes. Classification and regression tree was used to analyze which preoperative factors influence function after TKA. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) function (WOMAC-F), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and timed up and go (TUG) test at the 12th postoperative month were the dependent variables. Age, body mass index, preoperative WOMAC function and pain score, muscle strength, 6MWT, and TUG test score were used as preoperative predictors of dependent variables. TUG ≤19.3 seconds and age <62 years were preoperative predictors of better scores in the WOMAC-F (5.5). Strength of extensor muscles of the nonoperated knee ≥99.43 N·m/kg and 6MWT> 328 m were preoperative predictors of a better postoperative 6MWT (499 m). TUG <12.3 seconds and 6MWT ≥421 m were preoperative predictors of better postoperative TUG (7.3 seconds). Preoperative performance in physical tests had an influence on postoperative outcome scores than PROMs after TKA. Less age, good muscular strength, greater capacity of walking, and smaller TUG times were associated with better outcomes.
Posttraumatic Delayed Jugular Foramen Syndrome in a Toddler
Authors: Toledo-Gotor Cristina , Gorría Nerea , Oscoz Miren , Llano Katia , Rodríguez-de la Fuente Pablo , Aguilera-Albesa Sergio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground Multiple lower cranial nerve palsies have been attributed to occipital condyle fractures in older children and adults, but no clinical details of other possible mechanisms have been described in infants.Case Report A 33-month-old boy suffered blunt head trauma. A bilateral skull base fracture was diagnosed, with favorable outcome during the first days after trauma. On the sixth day, the patient began to refuse drinking and developed hoarseness. Physical examination and additional investigations revealed paralysis of left VII, IX, X, and XI cranial nerves. A follow-up computed tomography (CT) scan disclosed a left petrous bone fracture involving the lateral margin of the jugular foramen, and a cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study showed a left cerebellar tonsil contusion. He improved after methylprednisolone was started. Three months later, he was asymptomatic, although mild weakness and atrophy of the left sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles remained 1 year later.Discussion A posttraumatic “jugular foramen syndrome” is rare in children, but it has been reported shortly after occipital condyle fracture, affecting mainly IX, X, and XI cranial nerves. In this toddler, delayed symptoms appeared with unilateral involvement. While an occipital fracture was ruled out, neuroimaging findings suggest the hypothesis of a focal contusion as a consequence of a coup-contrecoup injury.Conclusion This exceptional case highlights the importance of gathering physical examination, anatomical correlation, and neuroimaging to yield a diagnosis.
Angiotensin-Receptor Blockade Improves Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Ankylosing Spondylitis: ARB-AS Study
Authors: Garg Nidhi , Krishan Pawan , Syngle Ashit 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of premature death in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Atherosclerosis and AS share similar pathogenic mechanisms. The proven benefits of angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and their role in immune mediation provide strong rationale to investigate its impact with olmesartan on inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in AS. To investigate the effect of olmesartan on inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in AS. 40 AS patients were randomized to receive 24 weeks of treatment with olmesartan (10 mg/day, n = 20) and placebo (n = 20) as an adjunct to existing stable antirheumatic drugs. Markers of endothelial function included the following: flow-mediated dilation (FMD) assessed by AngioDefender, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) estimated by flow cytometry, nitrite (nitric oxide surrogate), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and inflammatory measures including Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score (ASDAS) and bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI); erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP); proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 [IL-1], IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) and marker of oxidative stress– thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) estimated at baseline and after treatment. Health assessment questionnaire disability index (HAQDI), 36-item short form survey (SF-36), and systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) were estimated using standard tools. FMD improved significantly in the olmesartan group (5.83 ± 0.31% to 7.68 ± 0.27%, p  ≤  0.05) as compared with placebo (5.89 ± 0.35% to 6.04 ± 0.32%, p = 0.33). EPC population, nitrite, VCAM-1, and TBARS levels improved significantly in olmesartan group as compared with placebo (p ≤ 0.05). Olmesartan significantly decreased ASDAS, BASDAI, BASFI, ESR, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and SCORE as compared with placebo. HAQDI and SF-36 (PH) scores improved significantly in olmesartan group as compared with placebo. Olmesartan reduces inflammatory disease activity, improves quality of life (QOL), and decreases CV risk demonstrating the immunomodulatory, vasculoprotective, and cardioprotective potential of this drug in AS.
Regime changes and the impact of informal labor
Authors: Or Iair G. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In Israel, approximately 25,000 Thai laborers are contracted for agricultural work in all parts of the country, following
a series of bilateral agreements between the governments of Israel and Thailand. Various NGOs and agencies have documented numerous
violations of labor laws in many Israeli farms, including the lack of safety measures, poor working and living conditions, and extremely low
salaries. Israeli discourse on the topic vacillates between the interests of farmers, workers, consumers, and the government (Or & Shohamy, 2020), and the occasional appearance of reports about the abuse of workers
reignites the debate and tensions surrounding these issues. This longitudinal qualitative study, spanning from 2013 to 2019, focuses on the
linguistic landscape (LL) of the Central Arava region – an arid, sparsely populated subdistrict in Southern Israel. What makes this region
unique is that the number of Thai migrant workers there equals or slightly exceeds that of Hebrew-speaking Jews. Using an LL approach (Jaworski & Thurlow, 2010; Shohamy & Gorter, 2009;
Shohamy, 2012), the 2013 study sought to explore the visibility and vitality of the Thai
language as well as its interactions with other languages. The roles that Thai, Hebrew, English, Arabic, and other languages played in the
public space clearly revealed the power relations between the speakers of these languages. The 2018–19 follow-up to the original 2013
findings seeks to track the impact on the public space of recent developments such as population changes, the advent of speakers of other
languages to the region, the economic crisis, and the public controversy about the exploitation of workers. The study shows that the number
of Thai signs has been significantly reduced in recent years, not only pointing to changes in the multilingual reality of the region, but
also raising a series of questions about labor conditions, regulation, informal labor markets, and cases of potential mismatch between
reality and perceptions.
Marcas e indicadores humorísticos en las narraciones escritas de niños y niñas de 8, 10 y 12 años en
español
Authors: Timofeeva-Timofeev Larissa , Ruiz-Gurillo Leonor 
Published: January 2021

Abstracta
Este trabajo presenta una propuesta tipológica de marcas e indicadores
humorísticos (Ruiz-Gurillo 2012, 78–86) que actúan como soportes empíricos en la
investigación en torno al humor verbal infantil. Nuestra clasificación se fundamenta en el análisis de 448 narraciones
humorísticas, escritas por escolares de 8, 10 y 12 años procedentes de 5 centros educativos de la provincia de Alicante (Timofeeva-Timofeev 2017). Asimismo, es la base del etiquetaje pragmático del corpus
CHILDHUM, actualmente en construcción, compuesto por estas y otras narraciones procedentes de diversas partes
de España. La observación en el corpus de cómo evoluciona el uso de marcas e indicadores humorísticos a lo largo de las franjas
etarias examinadas revela pautas de desarrollo de la competencia humorística y la metalingüística, aportando datos empíricos
nuevos que no son accesibles desde la perspectiva íntegramente psicológica.
Pragmatics of humour in memes in Spanish
Authors: Yus Francisco 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper the discourse of a specific type of meme in Spanish, the image macro, is analysed, together with several ways in which memes generate humorous effects. Two main areas are addressed: (a) how humour arises from the processing of the text in the meme (decoding of the text plus further inferential enrichment); and (b) how humour relies on specific combinations of the text and the image in the meme. The pragmatic framework used in the analysis will be relevance theory (Sperber and Wilson 1995), which in previous research (especiallyYus 2016) has proven to be a valid foundation for the analysis of humour.
Two symmetric four-wave mixing signals generated in a medium with anomalous refractive index
Authors: Alvarez A S , de Almeida A A C , Vianna S S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We report experimental and theoretical results of two symmetrical signals of degenerate four-wave mixing generated in rubidium vapor. Both nonlinear signals are induced by two almost copropagating laser beams, with

k

⃗

a

and

k

⃗

b

wave-vectors, and detected simultaneously in the

2

k

⃗

a

−

k

⃗

b

and

2

k

⃗

b

−

k

⃗

a

directions. In each direction, we observe a single peak when the two beams are tuned on the closed transition 85Rb 5S
1/2(F = 3) → 5P
3/2(F = 4). The excitation spectra reveal a small frequency separation between the two peaks, which is explained when propagation effects are taken into account. Furthermore, our theoretical analysis shows that a correct description of the frequency position of each peak is achieved with a variable refractive index for both lasers, in which the scanning laser experiences an anomalous window in the refractive index near resonance.
Static Casimir effect induced optical chaos in an optomechanical system
Authors: Wang Xiao-Yun , Si Liu-Gang , Lu Xiao-Hu , Wu Ying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Static Casimir effect as one of the most interesting purely quantum effects is very general and may bring about novel physical phenomena and find applications in various fields of physics. Here, we investigate theoretically the generation of optical chaos induced by the static Casimir effect in an optomechanical system. We show that the dynamic behavior of the cavity field experiences the conversion from period to chaos motion under the condition of properly adjusting the static Casimir effect, even if the driven optical fields are comparatively weak. Furthermore, our numerical calculation with experimentally attainable parameters also shows that compared with the standard bare optomechanical system, the optical threshold of chaos is reduced about one order when the static Casimir effect is applied. Beyond the significance in broadening the scope of cavity optomechanics, this finding provides a different perspective to the study of optical chaos and lays a foundation for using static Casimir effect to comprehend the nonlinear characteristics of the optomechanical system. In particular, our results may find potential applications in chaos-based communication.
Pseudo-Edelstein effect in disordered silicene
Authors: Baghran R , Tehranchi M M , Phirouznia A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The ‘pseudo-Edelstein’ effect by which charge current J

x
converts to pseudo-spin polarization, τ

z
, has been investigated theoretically for an infinite sheet of silicene. Calculations have been performed for conductor phase of silicene within the Dirac point approximation and in the presence of normally applied electric field. The latter conversion as an outcome of voltage-texture correlation in buckled silicene has been considered as ‘pseudo-Edelstein’response function. This response function have been calculated in the context of Kubo formalism in the presence of vertex corrections. It has been verified that the charge current results in normal pseudo-spin polarization i.e. sublattice population imbalance. According to obtained results in the presence of vertex corrections, ‘pseudo-Edelstein’ response function is weakened by several orders of magnitude with non-identical different valley contributions. In addition, extra small oscillations of obtained response function have been observed. Nevertheless, when the vertex corrections is off, the ‘pseudo-Edelstein’ response function is strengthened by several orders of magnitudes with the same different valleys contributions and the extra small oscillations of obtained response function are disappeared. These findings show that ‘pseudo-Edelstein’ response function is weakened by the intrinsic Rashba spin–orbit interaction which originally arises from buckling in silicene. As silicene has the lowest buckling among the graphene-like Dirac materials so it can be expected that ‘pseudo-Edelstein’ effect could be realized in a more pronounced manner in silicene. Obviously, this novel type of conversion not only can be employed in the future data transfer technology but also opens a sensible way to control of electrons populations electrically in realistic disordered silicene samples. The optical absorption spectroscopy could be taken as an efficient experimental plan of action by which the results of present work can be checked out.