bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breath‐holding and tidal breathing nasal NO to screen children for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Authors: Beydon Nicole , Tamalet Aline , Escudier Estelle , Legendre Marie , Thouvenin Guillaume 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNasal nitric oxide (nNO) measurement is recommended to screen for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) in subjects with suggestive history and symptoms. Clinical use of alternative methods (i.e., breath‐hold [BH], tidal breathing [TB]) in children unable to perform the gold standard slow Exhalation against a Resistance (ER) method has not been sufficiently evaluated. We extracted retrospectively (2013–2019) 454 files (374 subjects) containing nNO results. Median [IQR] age at inclusion was 7.0 [4.7–11.0] years, 105 (28.1%) children were younger than 5 years. ER or BH methods were more frequently mastered by children older than 5 years compared to younger children (69.4% and 52.7% vs. 21% and 5.6%, respectively; p < .0001), the latter succeeding only in TB measurement in 77.4% of cases. In 130 files with both ER and BH measurements (nNO‐ER and nNO‐BH), nNO‐BH was 102 [96.2; 108.3]% that of nNO‐ER. In 175 files including nNO‐ER and nNO‐TB measurements, nNO‐TB was 64.4 [IQR: 53.7; 80.4]% that of nNO‐ER with an excellent correlation between nNO values (r = .94 [95% CI 0.91; 0.95]; p < .0001) and discordance in the interpretation of nNO results in 16 (10.2%) cases. Final PCD diagnosis was similar in patients included before or after 5 years of age (confirmed 16 (15.2%) and 48 (17.8%); excluded 81 (77.1%) and 192 (71.4%), respectively; p = .32). In conclusion, reliable nNO‐BH and nNO‐ER results are interchangeable. Children tested with ER or with TB method have similar final PCD diagnosis. Alternative methods to measure nNO might be studied further for use in clinical practice.
Investigation of the Thermal Aging Behavior of Pyrotechnic Tracer Composition by Spectroscopic Techniques Coupled with Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Bekhouche Slimane , Trache Djalal , Chelouche Salim , Abdelaziz Amir , Tarchoun Ahmed Fouzi , Benchaa Widad , Benameur Sabrine , Mezroua Abderrahmane 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis work aims to investigate the aging behavior related to heat of a pyrotechnic tracer composition (PTC) sample composed of strontium nitrate as an oxidizer and dual‐fuel of Mg and Mg−Al alloy. Fresh and thermally aged samples were examined using nondestructive spectroscopic techniques, namely Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The obtained results showed that aging for 20, 40, and 60 days at 65 °C does not provoke noticeable chemical or structural changes, whereas, after 60 days, the changes are visible, and become more obvious after aging for 120 days. These changes are caused by the partial decomposition of strontium nitrate and the oxidation of magnesium, which are followed by the generation of degradation products such as Sr(NO2)2, MgO, and Mg(OH)2. On the other hand, the applicability of FTIR and XRD associated with a chemometric tool, the principal component analysis, as a simple and useful technique has been also assessed to discriminate the spectra of the aged samples. It has been revealed that these combined approaches can be effectively used to recognize the main compositional and structural changes within the pyrotechnic tracer composition affected by the thermal degradation process.
Senhance surgical system in benign hysterectomy: A real‐world comparative assessment of case times and instrument costs versus da Vinci robotics and laparoscopic‐assisted vaginal hysterectomy procedures
Authors: Coussons Herbert , Feldstein Josh , McCarus Steve 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesComparison of retrospective, learning curve benign hysterectomy cost and case time data from Senhance total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) cases with similar da Vinci robot cases and laparoscopic‐assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) cases.MethodsInstrument costs, console time, and case time analysis from six surgeons at four U.S. and European hospitals compared with retrospective, sequential da Vinci TLH and standard laparoscopic LAVH cases extracted from the CAVAlytics database.ResultsSenhance Gyn surgeons in their learning curve when compared to da Vinci learning curve Gyn surgeons achieved lower median instrument costs ($559 vs. $1393, respectively, p < 0.001) with comparable console times (91.5 vs. 96 min, p = 0.898); Senhance and LAVH case costs were comparable ($559 vs. $498, p = 0.336).ConclusionIn benign hysterectomy, the Senhance system may present a lower‐cost approach with equivalent case times compared with similar da Vinci robotic cases.
Minkowski box from Yangian bootstrap
Authors: Corcoran Luke , Loebbert Florian , Miczajka Julian , Staudacher Matthias 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We extend the recently developed Yangian bootstrap for Feynman integrals to Minkowski space, focusing on the case of the one-loop box integral. The space of Yangian invariants is spanned by the Bloch-Wigner function and its discontinuities. Using only input from symmetries, we constrain the functional form of the box integral in all 64 kinematic regions up to twelve (out of a priori 256) undetermined constants. These need to be fixed by other means. We do this explicitly, employing two alternative methods. This results in a novel compact formula for the box integral valid in all kinematic regions of Minkowski space.
Products of locally cyclic groups
Authors: Amberg Bernhard , Sysak Yaroslav 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe consider groups of the form $${G} = {AB}$$

G
=

AB

with two locally cyclic subgroups A and B. The structure of these groups is determined in the cases when A and B are both periodic or when one of them is periodic and the other is not. Together with a previous study of the case where A and B are torsion-free, this gives a complete classification of all groups that are the product of two locally cyclic subgroups. As an application, it is shown that the Prüfer rank of a periodic product of two locally cyclic subgroups does not exceed 3, and this bound is sharp. It is also proved that a product of a finite number of pairwise permutable periodic locally cyclic subgroups is a locally supersoluble group. This generalizes a well-known theorem of B. Huppert for finite groups.
The Dilute Fermi Gas via Bogoliubov Theory
Authors: Falconi Marco , Giacomelli Emanuela L. , Hainzl Christian , Porta Marcello 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe study the ground state properties of interacting Fermi gases in the dilute regime, in three dimensions. We compute the ground state energy of the system, for positive interaction potentials. We recover a well-known expression for the ground state energy at second order in the particle density, which depends on the interaction potential only via its scattering length. The first proof of this result has been given by Lieb, Seiringer and Solovej (Phys Rev A 71:053605, 2005). In this paper, we give a new derivation of this formula, using a different method; it is inspired by Bogoliubov theory, and it makes use of the almost-bosonic nature of the low-energy excitations of the systems. With respect to previous work, our result applies to a more regular class of interaction potentials, but it comes with improved error estimates on the ground state energy asymptotics in the density.
Supercaloric functions for the parabolic p-Laplace equation in the fast diffusion case
Authors: Giri Ratan Kr. , Kinnunen Juha , Moring Kristian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe study a generalized class of supersolutions, so-called p-supercaloric functions, to the parabolic p-Laplace equation. This class of functions is defined as lower semicontinuous functions that are finite in a dense set and satisfy the parabolic comparison principle. Their properties are relatively well understood for $$p\ge 2$$

p
≥
2

, but little is known in the fast diffusion case $$1<p<2$$

1
<
p
<
2

. Every bounded p-supercaloric function belongs to the natural Sobolev space and is a weak supersolution to the parabolic p-Laplace equation for the entire range $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

. Our main result shows that unbounded p-supercaloric functions are divided into two mutually exclusive classes with sharp local integrability estimates for the function and its weak gradient in the supercritical case $$\frac{2n}{n+1}<p<2$$

2
n

n
+
1

<
p
<
2

. The Barenblatt solution and the infinite point source solution show that both alternatives occur. Barenblatt solutions do not exist in the subcritical case $$1<p\le \frac{2n}{n+1}$$

1
<
p
≤

2
n

n
+
1

and the theory is not yet well understood.
Construction and Monte Carlo Estimation of Wavelet Frames Generated by a Reproducing Kernel
Authors: De Vito Ernesto , Kereta Zeljko , Naumova Valeriya , Rosasco Lorenzo , Vigogna Stefano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe introduce a construction of multiscale tight frames on general domains. The frame elements are obtained by spectral filtering of the integral operator associated with a reproducing kernel. Our construction extends classical wavelets as well as generalized wavelets on both continuous and discrete non-Euclidean structures such as Riemannian manifolds and weighted graphs. Moreover, it allows to study the relation between continuous and discrete frames in a random sampling regime, where discrete frames can be seen as Monte Carlo estimates of the continuous ones. Pairing spectral regularization with learning theory, we show that a sample frame tends to its population counterpart, and derive explicit finite-sample rates on spaces of Sobolev and Besov regularity. Our results prove the stability of frames constructed on empirical data, in the sense that all stochastic discretizations have the same underlying limit regardless of the set of initial training samples.
Low- vs. high-dose radiotherapy in Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a retrospective comparison of long-term results
Authors: Weissmann Thomas , Lettmaier Sebastian , Donaubauer Anna-Jasmina , Bert Christoph , Schmidt Manfred , Kruse Friedrich , Ott Oliver , Hecht Markus , Fietkau Rainer , Frey Benjamin , Putz Florian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Radiotherapy represents an effective treatment option in Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO), leading to palliation of clinical symptoms. However, there are only a limited number of trials comparing the effectiveness of low- vs. high-dose radiotherapy.

Methods
We analyzed 127 patients treated with radiotherapy for stage 3/4 GO (NOSPECS classification). Patients were treated with single doses of 2.0 Gy (cumulative dose 20 Gy) until 2007, afterwards a single dose of 0.8 Gy (cumulative dose 4.8 Gy) was applied. With a median follow-up-time of 9.0 years, the treatment efficacy (overall improvement, sense of eye pressure, lid edema, ocular motility, exophthalmos, subjective vision, and diplopia) and adverse effects were analyzed by a standardized survey.

Results
Overall, 63.8% described improvement of symptoms after radiotherapy. No significant differences in overall treatment response and improvement of main outcome measures between low- or high-dose radiotherapy treatments are detectable, while low-dose radiotherapy leads significantly more often to retreatment (13.1% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.016). The main independent predictor of treatment response is the presence of lid edema (odds ratio, OR, 3.53; p = 0.006).

Conclusion
At long-term follow-up, the majority of patients reported palliation of symptoms with limited adverse effects, suggesting clinical effectiveness of radiotherapy for amelioration of GO symptoms independent of low- or high-dose radiotherapy.
Results of revision intramedullary nailing with and without auxillary plate in aseptic trochanteric and subtrochanteric nonunion
Authors: Dietze Christina , Brand Andreas , Friederichs Jan , Stuby Fabian , Schneidmueller Dorien , von Rüden Christian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeAim of this study was to investigate whether limited open auxiliary angle stable plate fixation has an effect on functional and radiologic outcomes one year after revision intramedullary nailing in aseptic trochanteric and subtrochanteric fracture nonunion.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis, surgically revised aseptic trochanteric and subtrochanteric nonunion was evaluated in a total of 190 consecutive patients ranging from 18 to 94 years between 12/2005 and 10/2018.ResultsOne year after revision intramedullary nailing, nonunion healing was assessed in 129 out of 136 patients (95%) in group 1 without auxiliary plate fixation and in 51 out of 54 patients (94%) in group 2 with auxiliary plating (p = 0.23). In group 1, range of motion (ROM) was unrestricted in 88 patients and still restricted in 48 patients. In group 2, ROM was free in 34 patients and restricted in 20 patients (p = 0.25). The mean Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) was 56 points in group 1 and 55 points in group 2 (p = 0.55).ConclusionThis study did not demonstrate significant differences in functional and radiologic outcomes following revision intramedullary nailing of aseptic trochanteric and subtrochanteric fracture nonunion. Limited open auxiliary plate fixation might be a reasonable option especially in cases of relevant varus axis deviation and comminuted or atypical fracture configurations, regardless of patients’ age.Retrospectively registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (01/25/2021; ID: DRKS00024112).
A critique of robotics in health care
Authors: Maibaum Arne , Bischof Andreas , Hergesell Jannis , Lipp Benjamin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhen the social relevance of robotic applications is addressed today, the use of assistive technology in care settings is almost always the first example. So-called care robots are presented as a solution to the nursing crisis, despite doubts about their technological readiness and the lack of concrete usage scenarios in everyday nursing practice. We inquire into this interconnection of social robotics and care. We show how both are made available for each other in three arenas: innovation policy, care organization, and robotic engineering. First, we analyze the discursive “logics” of care robotics within European innovation policy, second, we disclose how care robotics is encountering a historically grown conflict within health care organization, and third we show how care scenarios are being used in robotic engineering. From this diagnosis, we derive a threefold critique of robotics in healthcare, which calls attention to the politics, historicity, and social situatedness of care robotics in elderly care.
Comparable outcome for autografts and allografts in primary medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for patellofemoral instability: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Trivellas Andromahi , Eschweiler Jörg , Knobe Matthias , Tingart Markus , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study updates the current evidence on the role of allografts versus autografts for medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction in patients with patellofemoral instability.

Methods
The study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. In March 2021, a literature search in the main online databases was performed. Studies reporting quantitative data concerning primary MPFL reconstruction using an allograft were considered for inclusion. The Coleman Methodology Score was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected articles.

Results
Data from 12 studies (474 procedures) were retrieved. The mean follow-up was 42.2 (15–78.5) months. The mean age was 21.1 ± 6.2 years. 64.9% (285 of 439) of patients were female. At the last follow-up, the Tegner (p < 0.0001), Kujala (p = 0.002) and the Lysholm (p < 0.0001) scores were minimally greater in the autografts. The similarity was found in the rate of persistent instability sensation and revision. The allograft group evidenced a lower rate of re-dislocations (p = 0.003).

Conclusion
Allografts may represent a feasible alternative to traditional autograft for MPFL reconstruction in selected patients with patellofemoral instability. Allograft tendons yielded similar PROMs, rates of persistent instability, and revision. Allograft reconstructions tended to have modestly lower re-dislocation rates.

Level of evidence
IV.
Excavation mechanics of the elongated female rostrum of the acorn weevil Curculio glandium (Coleoptera; Curculionidae)
Authors: Matsumura Yoko , Jafarpour Mohsen , Reut Michał , Shams Moattar Bardiya , Darvizeh Abolfazl , Gorb Stanislav N. , Rajabi Hamed 
Published: April 2021

AbstractElongated rostra (snouts) are remarkable features of many female weevils. The female of Curculio glandium uses the snout to excavate channels in acorns to oviposit. Considering the slenderness of the rostrum, the excavation of channels in solid substrates without buckling is a challenging task from both engineering and biological points of view. Here we aimed to examine the roles of the material properties and morphology of the rostrum in its buckling resistance. We employed microscopy techniques, non-destructive material characterisation and finite element (FE) modelling to shed more light on the excavation mechanics of the rostrum. We found that sexual dimorphisms are present not only in the length but also in the material, particularly the elastic modulus, and morphological features, particularly the curvature and thickness of the cuticular layers. Our FE modelling showed that those factors play essential roles to maximise the buckling resistance and minimise the bending resistance of the female rostrum. Considering that during excavation, the rostrum needs to be straightened without buckling, the functionality of the rostrum is likely to be a compromise between the flexibility and stiffness.
Quantifying the data-dredging bias in structural break tests
Authors: Hoga Yannick 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStructural break tests are often applied as a pre-step to ensure the validity of subsequent statistical analyses. Without any a priori knowledge of the type of breaks to expect, eye-balling the data can indicate changes in some parameter, e.g., the mean. This, however, can distort the result of a structural break test for that parameter, because the data themselves suggested the hypothesis. In this paper, we formalize the eye-balling procedure and theoretically derive the implied size distortion of the structural break test. We also show that eye-balling a stretch of historical data for possible changes in a parameter does not invalidate the subsequent procedure that monitors for structural change in new incoming observations. An empirical application to Bitcoin returns shows that taking into account the data-dredging bias, which is incurred by looking at the data, can lead to different test decisions.
3D car shape reconstruction from a contour sketch using GAN and lazy learning
Authors: Nozawa Naoki , Shum Hubert P. H. , Feng Qi , Ho Edmond S. L. , Morishima Shigeo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract3D car models are heavily used in computer games, visual effects, and even automotive designs. As a result, producing such models with minimal labour costs is increasingly more important. To tackle the challenge, we propose a novel system to reconstruct a 3D car using a single sketch image. The system learns from a synthetic database of 3D car models and their corresponding 2D contour sketches and segmentation masks, allowing effective training with minimal data collection cost. The core of the system is a machine learning pipeline that combines the use of a generative adversarial network (GAN) and lazy learning. GAN, being a deep learning method, is capable of modelling complicated data distributions, enabling the effective modelling of a large variety of cars. Its major weakness is that as a global method, modelling the fine details in the local region is challenging. Lazy learning works well to preserve local features by generating a local subspace with relevant data samples. We demonstrate that the combined use of GAN and lazy learning produces is able to produce high-quality results, in which different types of cars with complicated local features can be generated effectively with a single sketch. Our method outperforms existing ones using other machine learning structures such as the variational autoencoder.
Influence of the North Atlantic oscillation on the atmospheric levels of benzo[a]pyrene over Europe
Authors: Jiménez-Guerrero Pedro , Ratola Nuno 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe atmospheric concentration of persistent organic pollutants (and of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, in particular) is closely related to climate change and climatic fluctuations, which are likely to influence contaminant’s transport pathways and transfer processes. Predicting how climate variability alters PAHs concentrations in the atmosphere still poses an exceptional challenge. In this sense, the main objective of this contribution is to assess the relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index and the mean concentration of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP, the most studied PAH congener) in a domain covering Europe, with an emphasis on the effect of regional-scale processes. A numerical simulation for a present climate period of 30 years was performed using a regional chemistry transport model with a 25 km spatial resolution (horizontal), higher than those commonly applied. The results show an important seasonal behaviour, with a remarkable spatial pattern of difference between the north and the south of the domain. In winter, higher BaP ground levels are found during the NAO+ phase for the Mediterranean basin, while the spatial pattern of this feature (higher BaP levels during NAO+ phases) moves northwards in summer. These results show deviations up to and sometimes over 100% in the BaP mean concentrations, but statistically significant signals (p<0.1) of lower changes (20–40% variations in the signal) are found for the north of the domain in winter and for the south in summer.
Nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) is a positive prognosticator for cervical cancer
Authors: Beilner Daniel , Kuhn Christina , Kost Bernd P. , Vilsmaier Theresa , Vattai Aurelia , Kaltofen Till , Mahner Sven , Schmoeckel Elisa , Dannecker Christian , Jückstock Julia , Mayr Doris , Jeschke Udo , Heidegger Helene Hildegard 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeEnzymes with epigenetic functions play an essential part in development of cancer. However, the significance of epigenetic changes in cervical carcinoma as a prognostic factor has not been fully investigated. Nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) presents itself as a potentially important element for epigenetic modification and as a potential prognostic aspect in cervical cancer.MethodsBy immunohistochemical staining of 250 tumor samples, the expression strength of NCoR was measured and evaluated by immunoreactive score (IRS) in the nucleus and cytoplasm.ResultsA low expression of NCoR in our patients was a disadvantage in overall survival. Expression of NCoR was negatively correlated with viral oncoprotein E6, acetylated histone H3 acetyl K9 and FIGO status, and positively correlated to p53.ConclusionsOur study has identified epigenetic modification of tumor cells thus seems to be of relevance in cervical cancer as well for diagnosis, as a marker or as a potential therapeutic target in patients with advanced cervical carcinoma.