bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of potential flow solutions for velocity and shape of long isolated bubbles in vertical pipes
Authors: Boucher Alexandre , Belt Roel , Liné Alain 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The motion of elongated gas bubbles in vertical pipes has been studied extensively over the past century. A number of empirical and numerical correlations have emerged out of this curiosity; amongst them, analytical solutions have been proposed. A review of the major results and resolution methods based on a potential flow theory approach is presented in this article. The governing equations of a single elongated gas bubble rising in a stagnant or moving liquid are given in the potential flow formalism. Two different resolution methods (the power series method and the total derivative method) are studied in detail. The results (velocity and shape) are investigated with respect to the surface tension effect. The use of a new multi-objective solver coupled with the total derivative method improves the research of solutions and demonstrates its validity for determining the bubble velocity. This review aims to highlight the power of analytical tools, resolution methods and their associated limitations behind often well-known and wide-spread results in the literature.
FEATURES OF SELECTING DIELECTRIC LAYERS FOR ELECTROLUMINESCENT STRUCTURES
Authors:   V.  E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, Boiko V. G. 
Published: December 2021

The paper considers an equivalent scheme of a thin-film electroluminescent emitter (TFELE), taking into account dielectric leaks, and proposes a criterion for the optimal choice of a dielectric in the structure to increase its efficiency.	A calculation method is proposed for the optimal choice of material for dielectric films in an electroluminescent structure, taking into account their dielectric loss tangent. The algorithm for optimizing the parameters is based on the method of pairwise comparison of two dielectrics, provided that the charge flowing through the structure is constant or increased. The calculated data for materials are given in the form of a table according to the sequence of deterioration of their characteristics. The most attractive of the materials considered are PbTiO3, Ta2O5, Y2O3, as well as improved ceramics, which is confirmed by experiment.	The possibility of applying the proposed model to explain the dependence of the luminosity of electroluminescent emitters on their excitation voltage is shown. A comparative analysis of the results of the calculation and experiment of the dependence of brightness on the applied voltage (B-V) for three types of TFELE based on a luminescent layer ZnS : Mn (0.5%) with a thickness of 0.6 μm, placed between two dielectric layers with a thickness of about 0.3- 0.35 μm with Ta2O5, Sm2O3 and Y2O3, respectively. It is established that the threshold luminescence excitation voltage correlates with the value of εE, and the maximum brightness with the value of εE / tg (δ). The table also shows the calculated characteristics of NdAlO3 and AlN films deposited by high-frequency magnetron sputtering. Higher brightness values can be expected from electroluminescent structures with such a dielectric than from structures with dielectric films with Sm2O3 and Y2O3. The results of such studies are presented in the form of a graph and table.	This method can find practical application in the development of new materials and technologies for their production.
Caracterización agrícola de pequeños agricultores en aplicación de buenas prácticas agrícolas en el municipio de Argelia, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Gómez Ramírez Marisol , Mossos Vivas Nilson , Herrera Ramírez Rodrigo 
Published: December 2021

El siguiente artículo presenta una caracterización de agricultores de frutas y hortalizas del municipio de Argelia (Valle del Cauca, Colombia) y traza el insumo base para los requerimientos funcionales del diseño de una herramienta digital orientada al registro de las labores agrícolas aplicando buenas prácticas agrícolas (BPA). Se llevó a cabo una investigación de tipo cualitativa soportada con datos cuantitativos que consistió en entrevistar a asesores (Farm Assure) formados bajo la norma internacional GLOBALG.A.P.; además de realizar encuestas semiestructuradas a agricultores de la región y de revisar la reglamentación de dicha norma, que servirá para elaborar los requerimientos funcionales mencionados y que se implementarán en la herramienta digital. El estudio arrojó que todos los agricultores encuestados tienen algún tipo de conocimiento relacionado con la certificación de BPA, ellos reconocen que han aplicado las BPA para poder comercializar sus productos de acuerdo con las exigencias de las cooperativas de la región. Así mismo, se muestra la pertinencia del uso de una herramienta móvil capaz de alojar un registro de las actividades de campo, facilitando así el proceso de certificación en BPA. La adopción de herramientas tecnológicas en la agricultura permite avanzar a la inocuidad de los productos alimentarios en Colombia. Metodológicamente se llevó a cabo una investigación del tipo cualitativa soportada con datos cuantitativos y en este marco se realizó un trabajo de campo que consistió en: (I) entrevistas a 4 asesores (farm Assure) formados bajo la norma internacional GLOBALG.A.P.; (II) encuestas semiestructuradas realizadas a 30 agricultores de las regiones de Argelia del Valle del Cauca; y (III) revisión de la reglamentación de la norma GlobalG.A.P., con lo cual se elaboraron los requerimientos funcionales y algunas validaciones que se implementaran en la herramienta digital. Los resultados cualitativos y cuantitativos de esta investigación muestran que los agricultores encuestados tienen algún tipo de conocimiento en certificación de BPA, y que lo aplican en cierta medida, dado que pertenecen a cooperativas de la región que les exigen cumplirlas para comercializar algunos productos. Además, se evidencia la pertinencia del uso de una herramienta móvil que les permita llevar un registro diario de sus labores de campo, con miras a facilitar el proceso de certificación en BPA. Este trabajo hace un aporte al esfuerzo que se está realizando en Colombia en cuanto a la inocuidad de los productos alimentarios con miras a evitar adversidades que pongan en riesgo la salud de la población
Carbonized rice husk as an alternative substrate for Ocimum basilicum L. seedling production
Authors: Salé Mussa Mamudo , Pereira Aline Soares , Junior Hélio Lange , Neutzling Cristiane , Dos Santos Patricia Marques , Schiedeck Gustavo , Dorneles Athos Odin Severo 
Published: December 2021

The substrate used in seedling production plays a major role in the initial plant development. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the emergence capacity and establishment of basil seedlings in different proportions of alternative substrates based on charred rice husk and commercial substrate S10®. The experiment was carried out in expanded polyethylene trays, using basil seeds (Horticeres seeds®), which lasted 28 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments (T1: 100 % commercial substrate (BCS); T2: 80 % BCS + 20 % Charred rice husk (CRH); T3: 60 % BCS + 40 % CRH; T4: 40 % BCS + 60 % CRH; T5: 20 % BCS + 80 % CRH) and three repetitions. Were evaluated leaf number, shoot length, root length, root dry mass, shoot dry mass, leaf area, germination, germination speed index, substrate physical analysis (density (dry and wet)), total porosity and aeration space, and chemical analysis (hydrogen potential (PH), and electrical conductivity (EC)). It was observed in the results that the substrate type interferes in the development and quality of the basil seedling. In the shoot lenght parameter, the treatment with 40 % BCS + 60 % CRH (T4) had a significant difference compared to the other treatments. Among the substrates, the best seedling performance was observed in the substrate with 80 % BCS + 20 % CRH (T2), which provided better seedling quality in relation to the other treatments.
Cyanogenic glycosides content as graft compatibility indicator in pear/quince combinations
Authors: Pereira Ivan dos Santos , Diniz Campos Ângela , Greigh de Brito Giovani , Eduardo Corrêa Antunes Luis , Francisco Martins Pereira José 
Published: December 2021

The objective of this work is to evaluate the concentration of cyanogenic glycosides CGs (amygdalin and prunasin) in the cultivar and rootstock, as an indicator of compatibility in pear grafts. The work consists of two experiments. Experiment 1 evaluated Cascatense/Pyrus Calleryana and Cascatense/EMC combinations. Experiment 2 evaluated the combinations Packham’s Triumph/Adams, Santa Maria/Adams, and Rocha/Adams. The experimental design of the two experiments was randomized blocks with four replications. The evaluations were carried out in the spring and summer of the harvest 2014/2015. The results indicated graft compatibility in the Cascatense/P. Calleryana, Packham’s Triumph/Adams, and Rocha/Adams combinations; slight incompatibility of Santa Maria/Adams, and severe incompatibility of Cascatense/EMC. The obtained results indicate that differences ≥ 20 mg g-1 of CGs between scion and rootstock were correlated with a drastic reduction in vigor, problems of continuity in graft union, low yield, and early defoliation.
Seed yield of simple and tri-linear corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids for the mexican humid tropics
Authors: Sierra Macías Mauro , Rodríguez Montalvo Flavio A. , Espinosa Calderón Alejandro , Tadeo Robledo Margarita , Gómez Montiel Noel Orlando , Vázquez Carrillo María Griselda , Ugalde Acosta Francisco Javier , Barrón Freyre Sabel , Del Rosario Arellano José Luis , Leyva Ovalle Otto Raúl , Serna Lagunes Ricardo , Andrés Meza Pablo 
Published: December 2021

The objective of the work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and seed yield of tropical corn (Zea mays L.) of single and tri-linear crosses. In the spring-summer of 2015 and 2016, two essays were established in the states of Veracruz and Tabasco, Mexico. In the first essay, a group of 12 single crosses was evaluated, and in the second, a group of 18 tri-linear crosses was evaluated. In both essays, the treatments were distributed under a completely randomized block design with three replicates in 5 m long, two-row plots and 0.8 m between rows, with an initial population density of 62.500 plants ha-1. Within the simple cross trial, hybrids HE-3W, COMERCIAL 1, LT-164xLT-165, and HE-1W presented seed yields above the general mean (3384 kg ha-1). Within this outstanding group is the LT-164xLT-165 cross, which participates as a female parent in the formation of the recently released commercial hybrid H-567. In the tri-linear crosses essay, a group of varieties and hybrids including H-567, (LT-164xLT-165) xLT-156, (LT-164xLT-165) xLT-155, (LT-154xLT-155) xLT-165, VS-536, H-520, VS-563, (LT-154xLT-155) xLT-170, (LT-171xLT-172) xLT-156, (LT-164xLT-165) xLT-164, and (LT-171xLT-172) xLT-170 recorded seed yields of 6669.8, 6515.4, 6498.6, 6431.1, 6260, 6024.7, 5935.4, 5664.3, 5580.8, and 5527.1 kg ha-1, respectively. The LT-154, LT-155, and LT-156 lines are common as a male and female parent, suggesting a good genetic combination. The prevailing environmental conditions during the development of the experiments did not significantly influence the productivity of the crosses. There is genetic variability that can be used to continue developing lines, open pollination varieties, and corn hybrids.
Clay calcination technology: state-of-the-art review by the RILEM TC 282-CCL
Authors: Hanein Theodore , Thienel Karl-Christian , Zunino Franco , Marsh Alastair T. M. , Maier Matthias , Wang Bin , Canut Mariana , Juenger Maria C. G. , Ben Haha Mohsen , Avet François , Parashar Anuj , Al-Jaberi Layth A. , Almenares-Reyes Roger S. , Alujas-Diaz Adrián , Scrivener Karen L. , Bernal Susan A. , Provis John L. , Sui Tongbo , Bishnoi Shashank , Martirena-Hernández Fernando 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe use of calcined clays as supplementary cementitious materials provides the opportunity to significantly reduce the cement industry’s carbon burden; however, use at a global scale requires a deep understanding of the extraction and processing of the clays to be used, which will uncover routes to optimise their reactivity. This will enable increased usage of calcined clays as cement replacements, further improving the sustainability of concretes produced with them. Existing technologies can be adopted to produce calcined clays at an industrial scale in many regions around the world. This paper, produced by RILEM TC 282-CCL on calcined clays as supplementary cementitious materials (working group 2), focuses on the production of calcined clays, presents an overview of clay mining, and assesses the current state of the art in clay calcination technology, covering the most relevant aspects from the clay deposit to the factory gate. The energetics and associated carbon footprint of the calcination process are also discussed, and an outlook on clay calcination is presented, discussing the technological advancements required to fulfil future global demand for this material in sustainable infrastructure development.
How Schoolmates Affect Your Chances of Getting into College: School Socioeconomic Composition and Inequality in Access to Higher Education
Authors: Kersha Yuliya 
Published: December 2021

The problem of socioeconomic inequalities in Russian education takes on particular significance in the context of massification and increasingly differential quality of higher education. Relevant research is mostly focused on individual student characteristics and regional aspects. Less often, researchers’ attention is attracted to school factors, such as school socioeconomic composition (SEC) — one of the most powerful school predictors of student achievement. The effect of school composition on students’ educational trajectories remains underinvestigated, although higher education is more important for life chances than school achievement. In the present study, Russian data (the Higher School of Economics’ project Trajectories in Education and Careers) is used for the first time to measure the effect of school SEC on educational choices and chances of getting into college. This effect is analyzed successively for key decisions and outcomes at every stage of long-term educational trajectories. Analysis is performed with due regard to the specifics of Russian education and the sorting of students into the academic and hybrid tracks in pursuit for college degrees. School composition is found to be positively associated with proceeding from middle to high school, obtaining a college degree, and pursuing a Master’s degree. The largest influence of school SEC on college enrollment is observed for students who enroll in vocational studies after middle school. The compositional effect is extremely robust and persists even when student achievement and family characteristics are controlled for. Adding school SEC to the model offsets the effect of individual socioeconomic status on the likelihood of going to college, which means that exclusion of SEC from analysis may lead to invalid inferences in educational research. The effects detected cannot be explained by differences in achievement, so it would be reasonable to explore the social mechanisms behind the compositional effect in further research. School desegregation measures suggested on the basis of prior findings may turn out to be hasty and overly drastic in practice.
On the Current Trends in Math Olympiad Training for School Students
Authors: Agakhanov Nazar , Marchukova Olga , Podlipskii Oleg 
Published: December 2021

The evolution of math Olympiad training for school students in Russia since the second half of the 20th century is analyzed in this article in the context of sociocultural transformations and changes in the post-industrial society’s didactic knowledge. A retrospective analysis of a large body of empirical data (organization charts and content of the All-Union and All-Russia Mathematical Olympiads for school students in 1974–2021 and the International Mathematical Olympiads in 1994–2020) reveals trends in the development of the mathematical Olympiad movement, in particular changes in the network infrastructure of mathematical Olympiads, objectives and content of Olympiad problems, Olympiad material design practices, and value-and-meaning orientations of math Olympiads. Accordingly, new approaches are proposed to prepare school students for math competitions. Analysis of changes allows substantiating the insufficiency of the “cognitive-reproductive” method of school student training widely applied both in Russia and beyond, which is based on a thematic principle of selecting problems by content and demonstrating examples of their solving to students. This method does not conform to the objectives of contemporary math competitions. Today, it is important to find and recognize the potential for mathematical creativity in solving problems within multidisciplinary professional spheres. The goal of modern Olympiad training is not only to teach school students a system of problem-solving procedures but also to promote their ability to identify the semantic structure of problems in order to pick adequate solving strategies. The assumption that Olympiad math problems can be classified by the logic of their solutions is supported by a relevant taxonomy of Olympiad math problem solving techniques.
IL-18 AND ADROPIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: EREN Alper , İYİGÜN İbrahim 
Published: December 2021

Objective
Atherosclerosis, one of the prominent factors causing
dysfunctional vascular events in stroke patients,
is a multi-factorial and complex process in which
endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation
play significant roles. This study aimed to investigate
the relationships between serum levels of IL-18 and
adropin, associated with endothelial dysfunction and
inflammatory processes in acute ischemic stroke
patients, with epidemiological, clinical, radiological
findings and stroke severity.
Materials and Methods
Sixty-one patients diagnosed with acute ischemic
stroke and 30 healthy individuals were included in the
study as the patient and control groups. In the patient
group, the stroke sub-groups and severity were
determined etiologically and clinically. Venous blood
samples were obtained within the first 24 hours in the
patient group, and at any time in the control group,
their serums were separated and stored at -80°C. IL-8
and adropin levels were determined using the ELISA
method. The relationships between patient and
control groups’ IL-18 and adropin levels and ischemic
stroke were analyzed statistically.
Results
The adropin level was statistically significantly
lower in the patient group than the control group
(398.01±403.51 and 509.42±1492.89, respectively;
p=0.041). The IL-18 levels of the study and control
groups were similar (24.87±14.26 and 21.11±14.93,
respectively; p=0.112). There was no relationship
between the IL-18 and adropin levels determined
with stroke risk factors, stroke sub-groups, and stroke
severity.
Conclusion
These results showed that low adropin levels could be
used to indicate atherosclerosis in the risk prediction
scales of ischemic stroke. The absence of a difference
between the patient group with acute ischemic stroke
and the control group regarding the first 24-hour mean
serum IL-18 level suggested that IL-18 could play
a role as a late-stage cytokine in ischemia-related
inflammation.
‘Selfies’ Under Quarantine: Exploring Networked Emotions in the Time of ‘Social Distancing’
Authors: Della Ratta Donatella 
Published: December 2021

This essay focuses on auto-ethnography and auto-fiction as USEFUL tools to reflect on the ways in which networked identities are reshaped and reconfigured within the context of a global pandemic where social relationships, family life, work routines, and learning processes are increasingly migrating to the online domain. The piece builds upon the experience of an undergraduate class who collectively contributed to the blog series ‘Selfies Under Quarantine’ during the first severe lockdown in March 2020. It discusses the question of methods and suggests looking at the ‘draft’ as both an aesthetics and an ethics to navigate the current context of crisis.
Un/thinking with Thread/s: Needling Through Boundaries Related to COVID-19 and Medical Training
Authors: Mitchell Veronica 
Published: December 2021

This article draws on my connection with sewing threads, and explores how the 2020 Massive Microscopic Sensemaking (MMS) online challenge contributed to an emergent entanglement of timespacemattering related to COVID-19, teaching and researching medical learning in obstetrics, and thinking further with my PhD. It explores affirmative processes enacted during times of anxiety, when my thoughts needled through in-between spaces with different times and materials that were generative and productive. I explain my rhizomatic movements that bleed through conventional separations and boundary-making assumptions. I draw on Karen Barad’s agential realism to theorize the emergence of creative relationalities with artful artifacts enacted with medical undergraduate students, with participants in the MMS project, and with my own PhD during times of tension.
Listening to and Living With Networked Media During a Pandemic
Authors: Soronen Anne , Talvitie-Lamberg Karoliina 
Published: December 2021

This article explores mediated listening from the perspective of intimacy during the first weeks of the coronavirus pandemic. The theoretical frame builds on the literature on listening and presence in mediated environments, audience engagement, and intimacy as meaningful connections. Methodologically, the study is connective ethnography, and the data was collected by collaborative autoethnography. Our data show that listening was an individual sensemaking strategy of the outside world and a means to form connectedness. Threading between different screens on digital platforms caused the collapse of public and private contexts, and through these, particular types of intimacy arose. When the position of academic mothers is often that of a ‘knower,’ the severe crisis compels them to look for receptive ways of knowing, such as careful listening of others. Listening is a means to form belonging and understanding, but from a silent position. We should pay more attention to the silent presences and audiences in contemporary mediated environments.
Skipping on the Grains of Multiverses Towards a Portal: World-Building Experience
Authors: Golovátina-Mora Polina 
Published: December 2021

This essay is a fictional autoethnographic sensemaking of the experience during the long lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The sensemaking mainly draws on the thought of Deleuze and Guattari and Karen Barad, with a methodology inspired by Donna Haraway’s conceptualisation of speculative fabulation. The experience is defined as multispecies migration in the multiverse. The essay is an exploration of relations between different forms of memories and associations that they produce in their interaction under the conditions of the current pandemic, as well as between the agencies involved and created in these relations. This includes childhood memories, immediate memories, readings, conversations, imaginative work, dreams, and cinematic images that form the worldview of the author. The essay experiments with the forms of exploration and its presentation to emphasize the intra-action between the content and the form of writing. The author aims to contest the linear idea of research and writing and expand the acceptable referential framework.