bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pair of transporters controls mitochondrial Zn2+ levels to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis
Authors: Ma Tengfei , Zhao Liyuan , Zhang Jie , Tang Ruofeng , Wang Xin , Liu Nan , Zhang Qian , Wang Fengyang , Li Meijiao , Shan Qian , Yang Yang , Yin Qiuyuan , Yang Limei , Gan Qiwen , Yang Chonglin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractZn2+ is required for the activity of many mitochondrial proteins, which regulate mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis and mitophagy. However, it is not understood how the proper mitochondrial Zn2+ level is achieved to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we reveal here that a pair of mitochondrion-localized transporters controls the mitochondrial level of Zn2+. We demonstrate that SLC-30A9/ZnT9 is a mitochondrial Zn2+ exporter. Loss of SLC-30A9 leads to mitochondrial Zn2+ accumulation, which damages mitochondria, impairs animal development and shortens the life span. We further identify SLC-25A25/SCaMC-2 as an important regulator of mitochondrial Zn2+ import. Loss of SLC-25A25 suppresses the abnormal mitochondrial Zn2+ accumulation and defective mitochondrial structure and functions caused by loss of SLC-30A9. Moreover, we reveal that the endoplasmic reticulum contains the Zn2+ pool from which mitochondrial Zn2+ is imported. These findings establish the molecular basis for controlling the correct mitochondrial Zn2+ levels for normal mitochondrial structure and functions.
Evaluation of a multiplex PCR screening approach to identify community-acquired bacterial co-infections in COVID-19: a multicenter prospective cohort study of the German competence network of community-acquired pneumonia (CAPNETZ)
Authors: Rothe Kathrin , Spinner Christoph D. , Panning Marcus , Pletz Mathias W. , Rohde Gernot , Rupp Jan , Witzenrath Martin , Erber Johanna , Eberhardt Frank , Essig Andreas , Schneider Jochen ,   Members of the CAPNETZ study group, Dreher M. , Cornelissen C , Knüppel W. , Stolz D. , Suttorp N. , Creutz P. , Mikolajewska A. , le Claire A. , Benzke M. , Bauer T. , Krieger D. , Prediger M. , Schmager S. , Kolditz M. , Schulte-Hubbert B. , Langner S. , Degen O. , Hüfner A. , Hoffmann C. , Welte T. , Freise J. , Barten-Neiner G. , Nawrocki M. , Fuge I. , Naim J. , Kröner W. , Illig T. , Klopp N. , Kroegel C. , Moeser A. , Schleenvoigt B. , Forstner C. , Drömann D. , Parschke P. , Franzen K. , Rupp J. , Käding N. , Wouters E. , Walraven K. , Braeken D. , Spinner C. , Buschmann H. , Zaruchas A. , Schaberg T. , Hering I. , Albrich W. , Waldeck F. , Rassouli F. , Baldesberger S , Panning M. , Wallner M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Thorough knowledge of the nature and frequency of co-infections is essential to optimize treatment strategies and risk assessment in cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening approach for community-acquired bacterial pathogens (CABPs) at hospital admission, which could facilitate identification of bacterial co-infections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods
Clinical data and biomaterials from 200 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from the observational cohort of the Competence Network for community-acquired pneumonia (CAPNETZ) prospectively recruited between March 17, 2020, and March 12, 2021 in 12 centers in Germany and Switzerland, were included in this study. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were analyzed on hospital admission using multiplex real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR for a broad range of CABPs.

Results
In total of 200 patients Staphylococcus aureus (27.0%), Haemophilus influenzae (13.5%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (5.5%), Moraxella catarrhalis (2.5%), and Legionella pneumophila (1.5%) were the most frequently detected bacterial pathogens. PCR detection of bacterial pathogens correlated with purulent sputum, and showed no correlation with ICU admission, mortality, and inflammation markers. Although patients who received antimicrobial treatment were more often admitted to the ICU and had a higher mortality rate, PCR pathogen detection was not significantly related to antimicrobial treatment.

Conclusion
General CABP screening using multiplex PCR with nasopharyngeal swabs may not facilitate prediction or identification of bacterial co-infections in the early phase of COVID-19-related hospitalization. Most patients with positive PCR results appear to be colonized rather than infected at that time, questioning the value of routine antibiotic treatment on admission in COVID-19 patients.
STUCK IN PLACE? NORMALIZATION AND THE CHANGING VOTER PROFILE OF INDONESIA'S ISLAMIST PROSPEROUS JUSTICE PARTY
Authors: Park Jung Hoon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUsing the case of the Indonesian Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), I seek to measure the actual impact of Islamist parties’ moderation on their electoral performances and voter bases. Statistical analyses find that although PKS has experienced an influx of diverse voters since the early 2000s, the influx was offset by a gradual withdrawal of educated Islamist voters, who had been loyal to the party since its establishment. I further claim that this change in PKS's voter profile was attributable not to moderation per se but to normalization, manifesting in an adaptation of the party elites’ behaviors to the existing patterns in Indonesian politics. The party's recent policy shift with a conservative tone was insufficient to regain votes from its original supporters, who already saw PKS as a run-of-the-mill party. PKS's case implies that it is necessary for Islamist parties to maintain their distinctiveness as an alternative voice in the party system.
INFORMAL POLITICAL COALITIONS AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN CHINA
Authors: Liu Jingnan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article attempts to estimate the effects of informal political coalitions on China's private investment. Theoretically, the party-state clients of China's supreme leaders are expected to have stronger incentives to foster economic growth. One way of doing so is to encourage private investment by reducing its political risks. Analysis of provincial-level panel data from 1993 to 2017 shows that personal connections—based on shared experience in the same work unit—between provincial leaders and the Chinese Communist Party's incumbent supreme leader significantly increase the growth rate of private investment. This suggests that informal institutional relations may assist the development of China's private economy by partially compensating for the weaknesses of formal rule-of-law institutions.
Ectoparasite borings, mesoparasite borings, and scavenging traces in early Miocene turtle and tortoise shell: Moghra Formation, Wadi Moghra, Egypt
Authors: Zonneveld John-Paul , AbdelGawad Mohamed K. , Miller Ellen R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBorings and bite marks on fossil turtle carapaces and plastra from the Miocene Moghra Formation, northern Egypt, are herein described. All fossil turtle material from Moghra exhibits ichnofossils. The positions of invertebrate borings on external surfaces of tortoise and turtle shell material at Moghra are consistent with the activities of ectoparasites or mesoparasites.A single invertebrate ichnotaxon, Karethraichnus lakkos Zonneveld et al., 2016, occurs on Moghra tortoise fossils. This trace fossil was likely emplaced by ixodid arthropods (ticks). Bite marks assigned to Nihilichnus occur on a carapace peripheral and are interpreted to reflect postmortem scavenging. An abundant and moderately diverse assemblage of invertebrate borings characterizes Moghra aquatic turtle shells. Karethraichnus lakkos and Thatchtelithichnus holmani Zonneveld et al., 2016 traces on aquatic turtles are interpreted to reflect leech and/or trematode parasitism. Gunnellichnus moghraensis (new ichnogenus new ichnospecies) and G. akolouthiste (n. isp.) likely reflect bacterial and/or fungal infections on aquatic turtle shells that rarely dried out.UUID: http://zoobank.org/f0a3977d-deff-4954-b196-536adc405854
Mobile meditation for improving quality of life, anxiety and depression among surgical residents and faculty
Authors: Hicks M D , Braden L A , Walsh E M , Greene B J , Grayson J W 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundBurnout, anxiety and depression are commonly reported among surgical residents and faculty members. Resident training programmes are encouraged to implement structured wellness initiatives, to address emotional stress.MethodsThirty otolaryngology residents and faculty members were invited to participate in this prospective pilot trial. Participants were randomised to either the intervention group, which involved completing 10 mobile meditation sessions, or the control group. Outcomes were measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7, Patient Health Questionnaire and Professional Quality of Life scale.ResultsNineteen participants completed the study. Participants in the intervention group had a significantly greater mean change in Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7 score (−2.7 ± 3.335 vs 0.33 ± 1.225; p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in average change in Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores or Professional Quality of Life scale sub-scores between the intervention and control groups.ConclusionShort meditation sessions can significantly improve anxiety in surgical residents and faculty members, and they offer a simple, attainable and effective wellness intervention.
Stability of the Magnetotail Current Sheet With Normal Magnetic Field and Field‐Aligned Plasma Flows
Authors: Shi Chen , Artemyev Anton , Velli Marco , Tenerani Anna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOne of the most important problems of magnetotail dynamics is the substorm onset and the related instability of the magneotail current sheet. Since the simplest 2D current sheet configuration with monotonic was proven to be stable to the tearing mode, the focus of the instability investigation moved to more specific configurations, for example, kinetic current sheets with strong transient ion currents and current sheets with non‐monotonic (local minima or/and peaks). The stability of the latter current sheet configuration has been studied both within kinetic and fluid approaches, whereas the investigation of the transient ion effects was limited to kinetic models only. This paper aims to provide a detailed analysis of the stability of a multi‐fluid current sheet configuration that mimics current sheets with transient ions. Using the system with two field‐aligned ion flows that mimic the effect of pressure non‐gyrotropy, we construct a 1D current sheet with a finite . This model describes well recent findings of very thin intense magnetotail current sheets. The stability analysis of this two‐ion model confirms the stabilizing effect of finite and shows that the most stable current sheet is the one with exactly counter‐streaming ion flows and zero net flow. Such field‐aligned flows may substitute the contribution of the pressure tensor nongyrotropy to the stress balance but cannot overtake the stabilizing effect of . Obtained results are discussed in the context of magnetotail dynamical models and spacecraft observations.
Integrating Topic Model and Network Embedding for Thread Recommendation
Authors: Wei Wei , Wang Rui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives A thread is the most common information aggregation unit in a health forum, so effective thread recommendation is critical for improving the user experience in an online health community (OHC). This paper proposes an OHC thread recommendation method based on topic model and network embedding, which recommends threads to users by training a classifier and predicting user reply behavior.
Methods The proposed model uses the network structure to describe valid information in OHCs and treats a recommendation as the task of predicting links between users and threads in the network. Topic nodes are added to the information network to better represent the features of users and threads. The results of the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model describe thread topics and user interests from the perspectives of consumer health vocabulary in OHCs and social support types. The large-scale information network embedding technology LINE is used to mine the node's contextual information from the network structure to obtain the low-dimensional vectors of nodes. We optimize the representation method and similarity calculation of network nodes and enrich the network structure information contained in the recommended features to improve the recommendation effect.
Results To verify the proposed model, we collected data from the diabetes forum “Sweet Home.” The experimental results show that the proposed model can effectively extract user interests in threads from the information network and optimize thread recommendation in OHCs.
A novel 3D anisotropic Voronoi microstructure generator with an advanced spatial discretization scheme
Authors: van Nuland T F W , Palmeira Belotti L , van Dommelen J A W , Geers M G D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
At the microstructural scale, Voronoi tessellations are commonly used to represent a polycrystalline morphology. However, due to spherical growth of nuclei, an anisotropic tessellation with spatially varying elongated grain directions, which is present in many applications, cannot be obtained. In this work, a novel 3D anisotropic Voronoi algorithm is presented, together with its implementation and two application cases. The proposed algorithm takes into account preferred grain growth directions, aspect ratios and sizes in the definition of an ellipsoidal growth velocity field defined per grain. For applications in which a predetermined mesh is used, e.g. voxel-mesh based simulations, the grains are extracted in a straight-forward manner. In cases where a fully grain conforming discretization is desired, e.g. finite element simulations, a hexahedral mesh generator is incorporated to arrive at a discretization which can be directly used in microstructural modeling simulations. Two application cases are studied (a wire + arc additively manufactured and a magnesium alloy microstructure) in which the algorithm’s capability for curved, non-convex, periodic domains is shown. Furthermore, the resulting grain morphology is compared to experimental data in terms of grain size, grain aspect ratio and grain columnar direction distribution. In both cases, the algorithm adequately produces a representative volume element with convincing representativeness of the experimental data. The 3D anisotropic Voronoi algorithm is highly versatile in a wide range of application cases, specifically suitable for the generation of polycrystalline microstructures that include grains with spatially varying elongated directions.
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus After COVID-19 Vaccination: Chance Occurrence or More?
Authors: Rehman Obaidur , Arya Sudesh Kumar , Jha Ujjwal Prakash , Nayyar Shifali , Goel Itisha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract:
As the understanding of COVID-19 infection becomes better, it is being recognized as a complex multisystem pathology rather than just affecting the lungs. Several ocular findings have been documented by researchers in individuals infected with COVID-19, and ocular symptoms may even be the first presenting feature of COVID-19 infection in 2.26% individuals. Several countries have started vaccination with inactivated or live vaccines to combat this pandemic, and varied side effects have been reported after vaccination. Few cases of herpes zoster have previously been reported in elderly patients with comorbidities after receiving COVID-19 vaccines. In this article, the authors described 2 interesting cases of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) after receiving a live COVID-19 vaccine. The first case was a 35-year-old immunocompetent man who developed HZO 3 days postvaccine. The second case was a 40-year-old immunocompetent man who developed HZO 28 days postvaccine. To the best of our knowledge, no literature to date has described HZO after live vaccine.
Corneal Sensation and Nerve Fiber Changes in Patients With Interstitial Cystitis
Authors: Aykut Veysel , Ucar Ipek Cigdem , Akkaya Turhan Semra , Ucar Taha , Durmus Ebubekir , Oguz Halit , Esen Fehim , Erol Bulent 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
Central sensitization syndromes are associated with ocular surface discomfort and certain changes in corneal sensation. The aim of this study was to evaluate corneal changes in patients with interstitial cystitis (IC).

Methods:
Thirty patients with IC and 32 healthy control subjects were included in this study. All patients had a detailed ophthalmological examination including measurement of corneal sensation with Cochet–Bonnet esthesiometer, tear breakup time, Schirmer I test, and Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire. After these examinations, corneal subbasal nerve plexus of the patients was evaluated with in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCM) and the images were analyzed using fully automated software (ACC Metrics Corneal Nerve Fiber Analyzer V.2).

Results:
There was no significant difference between the groups regarding age and gender distribution. Corneal sensation was significantly higher in patients with IC (P = 0.03), whereas tear breakup time, Schirmer I test, and Ocular Surface Disease Index scores were similar between the patients and controls. IVCM demonstrated nerve fiber loss in patients with IC. Corneal nerve fiber density, corneal nerve branch density, and corneal nerve fiber length were significantly reduced in patients with IC compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001, P = 0.04, and P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions:
Patients with IC had increased corneal sensation and decreased nerve fiber density in IVCM analysis. Corneal nerve fiber loss might decrease the induction threshold of the remaining fibers to induce peripheral sensitization, which may also trigger central sensitization in long term.
MRI versus CT for the detection of pulmonary nodules
Authors: Liu Hui , Chen Rihui , Tong Chao , Liang Xian-Wen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background:
Computed tomography (CT) is the current gold standard for the detection of pulmonary nodules but has high radiation burden. In contrast, many radiologists tried to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to replace CT because MRI has no radiation burden associated. Due to the lack of high-level evidence of comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of MRI versus CT for detecting pulmonary nodules, it is unknown whether CT can be replaced successfully by MRI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MRI versus CT for detecting pulmonary nodules.

Methods:
Electronic databases PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to September 2017 to identify studies in which CT/MRI was used to diagnose pulmonary nodules. According to true positive, true negative, false negative, and false positive extracted from the included studies, we calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and area under the curve (AUC) using Stata version 14.0 software (STATA Corp, TX).

Results:
A total of 8 studies involving a total of 653 individuals were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and AUC were 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–0.96), 0.76 (95%CI: 0.58–0.87), 3.72 (95%CI: 2.05–6.76), 0.12 (95%CI: 0.06–0.27), and 0.91 (95%CI: 0.88–0.93) for MRI respectively, while the pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and AUC for CT were 1.00 (95%CI: 0.95–1.00), 0.99 (95%CI: 0.78–1.00), 79.35 (95%CI: 3.68–1711.06), 0.00 (95%CI: 0.00–0.06), and 1.00 (95%CI: 0.99–1.00), respectively. Further, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of CT versus MRI and found that compared with MRI, CT shows statistically higher sensitivity (odds ratio [OR] for MRI vs CT: 0.91; 95%CI: 0.85–0.98; P value .010), specificity (OR: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.69–0.97; P value .019), PLR (OR: 0.29; 95%CI: 0.10–0.83; P value 0.02), AUC (OR: 0.91; 95%CI: 0.89–0.94; P value < .001), and lower NLR (OR: 8.72; 95%CI: 1.57–48.56; P value .013).

Conclusion:
Our study suggested both CT and MRI have a high diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing pulmonary nodules, while CT was superior to MRI in sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and AUC, indicating that in terms of the currently available evidence, MRI could not replace CT in diagnosing pulmonary nodules.
A case series of medical disputes related to chronic pain management in South Korea between 2009 and 2019
Authors: Kim Duk-Kyung , Kim Jeayoun , Lee Sooyeon , Choi Ji Won 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As interventional pain management has been growing rapidly worldwide and chronic pain management is provided by a diverse range of practitioners, malpractice litigation has increased. Therefore, we examined the characteristics of medical disputes related to chronic pain management from 2009 to 2019 in South Korea.
In this retrospective study, we analyzed the Korean Society of Anesthesiologists database covering case files from July 2009 to June 2019. We compared characteristics of patients, treatment details, mechanisms of injury, specific complications, clinical manifestations of injury, and outcomes between the first half (2009–2014, n = 33) and the second half (2014–2019, n = 65) of the study period using the Korean Society of Anesthesiologists Legislation Committee database.
During the 10-year study period, the proportion of cases for chronic pain management in cases referred for surgical anesthesia or chronic pain management increased annually by 2.9% (R2 = 0.489, 95% confidence interval: 0.5%–5.2%, P = .024). While invasive procedure-related cases decreased from 63.6% in the first half to 38.5% in the second half (P = .019), complex regional pain syndrome-associated cases increased from 30.3% (10/33) to 55.4% (36/65) during this period (P = .019). The proportion of cases involving non-anesthesiologists in invasive procedure-related cases increased from 14.3% in the first half to 64.0% in the second half (P = .002). The majority of invasive procedure-related cases (82.6%, 38/46) were determined as ‘directly related to the procedure’. Of these, the 3 most common damaging events were bleeding, intrathecal injection of local anesthetics, and infectious complications (each n = 6).
During a recent decade, there were several typical changes in the characteristics of medical dispute cases related to chronic pain management, including an increasing trend of cases for chronic pain management relative to surgical anesthesia-related cases, a higher severity of complications in cervical procedures, an increase in complex regional pain syndrome-related cases, and an increase in cases involving non-anesthesiologists.