bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation remains a dynamic component of portal hypertension in regressive alcohol‐related cirrhosis
Authors: Hofer Benedikt Silvester , Simbrunner Benedikt , Königshofer Philipp , Brusilovskaya Ksenia , Petrenko Oleksandr , Taru Vlad , Sorz‐Nechay Thomas , Zinober Kerstin , Regnat Katharina , Semmler Georg , Lackner Carolin , Trauner Michael , Mandorfer Mattias , Schwabl Philipp , Reiberger Thomas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPortal hypertension (PH) resulting from static and dynamic intrahepatic changes drives liver‐related complications even after removing the underlying aetiological factor.ObjectiveWe investigated the impact of inflammation on the dynamic component of PH during disease regression in animal models of toxin‐induced cirrhosis and patients with alcohol‐related cirrhosis.MethodsIn mice, cirrhosis was induced via toxin application for 12 weeks followed by toxin‐withdrawal allowing for one or 2 weeks of regression. Furthermore, 128 patients with alcohol‐related cirrhosis and alcohol abstinence undergoing same‐day hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were included. The influence of inflammation on the dynamic PH component was assessed using linear models. Specifically, we explored proinflammatory changes in mice/patients in whom the measured portal pressure (PP)/HVPG was significantly higher than the PP/HVPG expected from the static PH component (histological collagen proportionate area [CPA; %] in mice, LSM in patients).ResultsIn mice, toxin discontinuation induced a significant decrease in PP, CPA, histological hepatic inflammation and hepatic expression of proinflammatory genes (Tnfa, Il6, Cxcl1, Mcp1; all p < 0.05 for one/2 week regression vs. peak disease). Similarly, prolonged abstinence in alcohol‐related cirrhosis was linked to lower HVPG/LSM and longer abstinence was correlated to lower C‐reactive protein (CRP), IL‐6, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG levels (all p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the persistence of a low‐grade proinflammatory state during regression was linked to a higher PP/HVPG than expected from static PH components. In regressive mice, higher hepatic proinflammatory gene expression (Tnfa, Il6, Il1b; all p < 0.05) was linked to higher‐than‐expected PP. Similarly, higher CRP, IL‐6, IgA and IgG and lower complement factor C3c (all p < 0.05) were associated with higher‐than‐expected HVPG in abstinent patients with alcohol‐related cirrhosis.ConclusionsAlthough removing the underlying aetiological factor resulted in significant improvements, a persistent hepatic proinflammatory environment remained a key driver of the dynamic PH component in regressive liver disease.Clinical trial numberNCT03267615.
Impact of Lysine to Methionine Ratios on Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function in the Rumen of Tibetan Sheep: An RNA‐Seq Analysis
Authors: Zhang Fengshuo , Su Quyangangmao , Gao Zhanhong , Wu Zhenling , Ji Qiurong , He Tingli , Zhu Kaina , Chen Xuan , Zhang Yu , Hou Shengzhen , Gui Linsheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWith global protein prices on the rise, lowering protein levels in animal feed, together with balancing diet composition and reducing nitrogen emissions, can both reduce the environmental impact of agriculture and save on feed costs. However, the formulation of an ideal amino acid (AA) composition is crucial for better protein utilization by livestock. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different lysine to methionine ratios on the antioxidant capacity and immune function of the rumen in Tibetan sheep. Ninety male Tibetan sheep, weaned at 2 months of age, were randomly divided into three groups (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 lysine ratios) and subjected to a 100‐day feeding trial. RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) was utilized to analyse the impact of different AA ratios on gene expression in rumen tissue, whereas the levels of antioxidant enzymes (total antioxidant capacity [T‐AOC], superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH‐Px] and catalase [CAT]) and immunoglobulins (immunoglobulin A [IgA], immunoglobulin G [IgG] and immunoglobulin M [IgM]) were evaluated. The results indicated that the 1:1 group significantly upregulated the expression of PTGS2, PLA2G12A and PLA2G4 genes, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, reducing free radical production and modulating systemic immune responses. COL16A1 and KCNK5 were highly expressed in the protein digestion and absorption pathway, maintaining the structural integrity and function of the rumen epithelium. BMP4 and TGFBR2 were significantly enriched in the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction pathway and positively correlated with CAT and T‐AOC. ITGA8 was upregulated in the 1:1 group, participating in the regulation of various cellular signalling pathways. ATP2B1 was enriched in the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)– protein kinase G (PKG) signalling and mineral absorption pathways, primarily influencing oxidative stress and immune responses by regulating intracellular calcium ion concentration. This study demonstrates that a 1:1 lysine to methionine ratio is most beneficial for enhancing the antioxidant capacity and immune function of the rumen in Tibetan sheep.
Introducing Energy Citizenship
Authors: Fahy Frances , Vadovics Edina , Pel Bonno 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe first chapter introduces the concept of energy citizenship and the innovative approach this book has adopted to investigate it, as well as provides a road map for the remaining chapters. Specifically, the chapter discusses the origins of the concept of energy citizenship and the many forms in which it exists. It then briefly introduces the EnergyPROSPECTS project, the driver behind the production of this collection. This introductory chapter explains how each of the core chapters, drawing on eight national contexts, highlights the geographical differences, the contextual challenges, and the socio-political histories out of which energy citizenship develops.
Energy Citizenship in Hungary: Diversity, Actors, Focus and System-Contestation
Authors: Vadovics Edina , Szőllőssy Anita 
Published: December 2024

AbstractResearchers often find that the systemic conditions for supporting active energy citizenship are lacking in many respects in Hungary. Nevertheless, despite this unfavourable context, there are numerous and diverse examples of energy citizenship in the country, 56 of which have been mapped and studied in the framework of the EnergyPROSPECTS project. In this chapter, we provide an overview of these cases, focusing on the following four aspects. First, we take a closer look at the actors initiating and involved in the cases at the time of our process of data collection (2021–2022), followed by an analysis of the focus and objectives of the cases. Then, we examine to what extent the cases mapped in Hungary are progressive, i.e. whether they can be considered frontrunners in their own national context and a European context. Finally, we look at the system-contesting capacity of the cases from the point of view of their participation in creating a more just, equitable and environmentally sustainable energy system.
Energy Citizenship in Ireland: Beyond Individual Private Agency
Authors: Schmid Benjamin , Fahy Frances 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter uses several case studies to illustrate how energy citizenship has developed in Ireland since the Irish government first explicitly used the term “energy citizenship” in its 2015 “White Paper on Ireland’s Transition to a Low Carbon Energy Future 2015–2030”. In particular, the chapter demonstrates that citizen participation has extended beyond direct individual engagement in the energy system. Energy communities, as a collective form of energy citizenship, have become an important element of the Irish energy transition landscape and governance. Furthermore, mechanisms have emerged through which citizens have increasingly been able to participate directly in the shaping of energy policy. Interestingly, these forms of energy citizenship do not appear to be independent but rather interrelated and mutually influential. Overall, the findings on diversity of energy citizenship in Ireland in this chapter highlight the importance of understanding energy citizenship beyond individual private agency.
Advancing Energy Citizenship: Hindering and Supporting Factors in Latvia’s Energy Transition
Authors: Lagzdiņa Ērika , Brizga Jānis , Kudreņickis Ivars , Ikstena Rasa , Ernšteins Raimonds 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the hindering and supporting factors in the development of energy citizenship in Latvia. This contribution identifies key threats arising from the complex economic landscape shaped by geopolitical dynamics and escalating energy costs, as well as the level of political commitment in the field of climate policy and renewable energy. The chapter identifies a lack of confidence in public institutions and collective efforts as one of the critical obstacles to broader engagement with energy citizenship initiatives. The chapter also highlights several factors that contribute to the development of a framework energy citizenship. These include robust financing and investment prospects in this field, initiated by the EU and national level support schemes; the pivotal role of decarbonisation technologies and renewable energy sources, particularly household solar installations as well as Latvia's natural resources, encompassing residual forestry materials and solid biomass. National policy recommendations are included to conclude this chapter. Overall, this contribution broadens the understandings of energy citizenship development in Latvia, paving the way for future potential policy decisions and strategic interventions.
Building Trust Through Energy Citizenship? The Developing Landscape of Energy Citizenship in France
Authors: Thalberg Karin , Defard Camille 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn 2020, France was the only European Union Member State unable to meet its renewable energy targets. At the same time, the country strives to be a leader in the climate and energy transition and has recently launched an ecological planning strategy to accelerate its pace. In a highly centralised energy and political system, characterised by a stark polarisation between renewables and nuclear energy, what route will the energy transition take, and which roles do citizens, local authorities, civil society, and other stakeholders play now and in the future? This chapter sketches the current French landscape for energy citizenship, understood as citizen engagement and involvement in the energy production, consumption, and governance. Through three case studies across France, it portrays burgeoning engagement and cooperation among local and regional authorities, citizen-led energy initiatives, and the private sector. Notably, these advancements occur within a societal context where trust in the national government is low. For France to realise its aspiration of leading in the energy transition, building trust and bolstering collective mobilisation towards a shared vision of a carbon-neutral future appear crucial. Could energy citizenship be the way forward?
Imperative of Paradata
Authors: Huvila Isto 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Heritage visualisation has been one of the pioneers in acknowledging the imperative of paradata i.e. that of documenting not only the outputs of knowledge making but also the practices and processes, including decisions and intellectual work underpinning of how they came into being. However, even if the need and technical means to represent such information exist, the practical understanding of how to capture such information remain underdeveloped. The aim of this chapter is to delve into the imperative of paradata as a theoretical and practical challenge and to outline how to get grips with it: what is possible and how, and what is probably unachievable and why. A model of a process for identifying and acquiring usable paradata is outlined and major pitfalls of paradata generation, relating to non-actionable standards and exceeding data cleaning are discussed.
A Metadata/Paradata Design Framework for Historic BIM
Authors: Murphy Maurice , Krajacic Petra , Meegan Eimear , Reilly Rebecca O. , Keenaghan Garrett , Chenaux Alain , Dionizio Rafael Fernandes , DezenKempter Eloisa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper a systematic examination of metadata/paradata is presented to support the creation and reuse of digital heritage data as a means of engaging in some way with the experience of past material cultural discourse. The contextual and procedural information generated throughout Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) workflows are presented through a series of case studies. The three phases of data capture, modelling and knowledge dissemination for HBIM workflows are reflected in the presented case studies. The first case study illustrate how metadata is recorded automatically by the terrestrial and aerial laser scanning instruments and software, whereas it is necessary to document paradata. Case study 2, shows how shape grammar libraries of architectural elements and procedural modelling both contained metadata within the HBIM software platforms. Again, there is a need to document the paradata using both graphic and text format, proving the need for standards and guidelines for HBIM. Finally, additional software platforms were reviewed to ensure survival of metadata (geometry, geolocation and other semantic attributes) when the virtual model is disseminated outside of HBIM in this case using Heritage GIS. The HBIM design framework is presented as a set of Data Cards, a standardised documentation to record key information about datasets, allowing for enhanced reuse of the data recorded in such a way as to contribute more meaningfully to the consideration of the many and various ways of living in the past.
Paradata to Reuse Holistic HBIM Quality Models in the SCAN-to-HBIM-to-VR Process. The Mausoleum of Cecilia Metella and the Castrum Caetani
Authors: Brumana Raffaella , Roascio Stefano , Attico Dario , Gerganova Maria Radoslavova , Genzano Nicola 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe multiplication of efforts to digitize complex architectural and archaeological heritage sites in the form of informative models increasingly requires to document survey and modelling methods through qualitative and quantitative parameters to ensure mutual trustworthiness and proper re-use for different purposes by the potential multiple users, as well as the citation of the contributors’ data source (archaeologists, designers, conservators, civil engineers, geologists, XR-VR developers). The HBIM of the Mausoleum of Cecilia Metella and the Castrum Caetani (Rome, Italy), is part of the digitization of the PAAA (Parco Archeologico dell’Appia Antica, Archaeological Park of the Appian Way): it is emblematic for the complexity of the interconnections among users and contributors across the time. The article discusses needs and definition of Paradata for the re-use of holistic HBIM quality information models documenting the entire SCAN-to-HBIM-to-XR process, through diverse Levels of Development and Levels of Geometry (LODs100-600, LOGs100-600) from the surveys to the modelling phases including Virtual Reality experiences built on informative models, as well as remote environmental risk applications as part of long life management and monitoring. Being the models generated for different HBIM-USES and users, parameters that document the Grade of Accuracy of the Survey and of the Object Models generated in various times are identified. It is the case of the construction technologies associated to the transformation phases for potential future HBIM-uses, as for BIM-to-FEA and Seismic Vulnerability Plan exploitation, remote monitoring or XR (eXtended Reality) in a holistic process.
Usable, Useful, Reviewable and Reusable Metadata
Authors: Champion Erik 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Approaches to both metadata in 3D cultural heritage and strengthening the integration of paradata have been clearly focused on developing new technological solutions. New technologies allow novel and richer communication participation yet metadata in 3D cultural heritage has been decided by a combination of specialized individuals and by frameworks of quantitative standards, but this does not address how to engage and educate the public. As a potential solution, this paper will suggest that metadata and paradata should be linked to UXdata (data recording participant feedback).
Making the Europeana Data Model a Better Fit for Documentation of 3D Objects
Authors: Isaac Antoine , Fernie Kate , Bachi Valentina , Tsoupra Eleftheria , Medici Marco , Alkemade Henk , Münster Sander , Charles Valentine , Heslinga Lianne 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The current effort in 3D digitisation of heritage items poses new challenges in accommodating more and higher quality information to be associated with the 3D models that are of interest to users and stakeholders. The Europeana Data Model (EDM) is a metadata schema that distinguishes between the information related to the cultural heritage object as such (represented by the class edm:ProvidedCHO) and the information related to its digital representation (edm:WebResource), brought together in the class ore:Aggregation. Work done in the context of the new common European data space for cultural heritage collected inputs from various experts and initiatives working on 3D data, metadata and paradata, in the light of studying requirements for the extension and adaptation of EDM classes to the more complex scenario of representing and sharing 3D digitised cultural heritage collections.
Anliegen und Struktur der Studie
Authors: Lorenz Astrid , Pischtschan Luisa 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungGleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse zu gewährleisten ist in Deutschland „ein rechtlich verankertes, politisch unstrittiges Ziel“, laut dem ersten Gleichwertigkeitsbericht von 2024 sogar „ein prioritäres Ziel der Bundesregierung“. Aber welche Aspekte sind Menschen wichtig, wenn es um ein gutes Leben geht? Mit welchen Orten oder Regionen vergleichen sie ihre Lebensverhältnisse? Und was erscheint ihnen politisch sinnvoll, um etwas für gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse zu tun? Darüber berichtet die vorliegende Studie und erkundet zugleich, ob diese Sichtweisen Potenzial für räumliche Konflikte und damit Sprengstoff für den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt bergen und ob sie von den Themen abweichen, die in der Politik als Kennzeichen für „gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse“ betrachtet werden. Dafür wurden 913 Seiten Datenmaterial aus Gruppendiskussionen in 24 deutschen Kommunen, 915 Seiten ergänzende schriftliche Befragungen sowie 203 Seiten Transkripte von einordnenden Interviews mit Vertretern kommunaler Spitzenverbände ausgewertet.
Politik für ein gutes Leben: lokale Gewichtungen von Themenfeldern
Authors: Lorenz Astrid , Pischtschan Luisa 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel analysieren wir unter anderem, wofür die Teilnehmer unserer Gruppendiskussionen in 24 Kommunen Geld ausgeben würden, wenn sie politisch entscheiden könnten. Die Antwort auf diese Frage fiel für viele typische Themen der öffentlichen Daseinsvorsorge eindeutig und unkritisch aus. Gesundheit, Bildung/Soziale Dienste, Wohnen, Sicherheit wurden weitgehend unkontrovers als wichtig bewertet – unabhängig vom Ort, in dem die Gruppendiskussion stattfand (Abschn. 6.1). Mehr politisches Konfliktpotenzial ergab sich bei anderen Themen (6.2), zu denen die Meinungen der Gruppen teils räumlich variierten, teils aber auch gruppenintern unterschiedliche Sichtweisen formuliert wurden. Hinsichtlich der weniger wichtigen Themen zeigte sich wieder mehr Einigkeit. Bemerkenswert war auch, dass die Teilnehmer der Gruppendiskussionen bereit waren, Themenfelder als politisches Anliegen zu priorisieren, die für andere wichtiger waren oder ihnen wichtiger schienen als für sie selbst. Dies betrifft v. a. politische Maßnahmen für das Wohnen, obwohl die Lage rund um das Wohnen häufig – v. a. in kleineren Orten – nicht als problematisch geschildert wurde. Dies sind sehr gute Voraussetzungen für die politische Kompromissfindung und den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt.
Vergleiche der Lebensverhältnisse und Vorstellungen von „Gleichwertigkeit“
Authors: Lorenz Astrid , Pischtschan Luisa 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDass Politik und Verwaltung mit dem Konzept der „gleichwertigen Lebensverhältnisse“ eine vergleichende Perspektive einnehmen, passt dazu, wie in unseren Gruppendiskussionen über den eigenen Ort, ein gutes Leben und politische Prioritäten gesprochen wurde. In diesem Kapitel zeigen wir: Überall stellten Teilnehmer von sich aus allgemeine oder räumliche Vergleiche an. Den in Politik und Raumplanung verbreiteten Begriff „gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse“ verwendeten sie dabei allerdings nicht, und ausgerechnet in Bezug auf die Politik waren Vergleiche weniger ausgeprägt. In diesem Kapitel berichten wir außerdem über räumliche Muster bei den Vergleichen. So bezogen Gesprächsrunden in Großstädten kaum kleinere Kommunen in solche Vergleiche ein (Abschn. 7.1). Außerdem zeigen wir, dass der Begriff „gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse“ nicht nur mit Bemühungen um einen räumlichen Ausgleich, sondern oft auch mit sozialer Gleichheit, d. h. einem individuellen Ausgleich, assoziiert wurde (7.2).
Sichtweisen auf die Politik für gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse
Authors: Lorenz Astrid , Pischtschan Luisa 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDieses Kapitel berichtet darüber, wie die Teilnehmer unserer 24 lokalen Gruppendiskussionen die Politik für gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse in Deutschland bewerteten. In den ersten Gesprächsabschnitten hatten sie beim Sprechen über die Lebensverhältnisse selten von sich aus die Bundes-, Landes-, Europa- oder Kommunalpolitik, bestimmte Gesetze oder Akteure erwähnt. Gelegentlich wurde Kritik geäußert, aber nicht systematisch und nicht in breitem Umfang. In einem eigenen Abschnitt fragten wir nun: „Finden Sie, die Politik tut genug dafür, dass die Menschen überall in etwa ähnlich gut leben können? Oder was sollte sie anders machen, z. B. auch hier vor Ort?“. Ebenso interessierte uns ihre Sicht darauf, wie dies finanziert werden sollte. In diesem Kapitel analysieren wir, wie die lokalen Gruppen dazu diskutierten, und identifizieren teils deutliche räumliche Unterschiede. Die Befunde ergänzen wir um Auswertungen der separaten schriftlichen Befragung, die von den mündlichen Aussagen abwichen. Ferner analysieren wir die Aussagen zur Rolle der Bürger für die Gewährleistung gleichwertiger Lebensverhältnisse, die räumlich variierten.
Extrakorporale Stoßwellentherapie bei Überlastungssyndromen des Knochens
Authors: Knobloch Karsten 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die extrakorporale Stoßwellentherapie (ESWT) kann die Heilung insbesondere am Knochen – aber nicht nur dort – beschleunigen. Die akustischen Wellen werden über Mechanotransduktion in eine Gewebeantwort übersetzt. Neben der Stammzellaktivierung werden auch Effekte auf die Exosomenausschüttung, die Modulation der Inflammation und Wachstumsfaktoren durch die Stoßwellentherapie ausgelöst, welche die positiven Wirkungen auf die Knochenheilung sowohl bei verzögerter Knochenheilung wie bei Pseudarthrosen wie auch bei Stressreaktionen und Stressfrakturen erklären. Kombinationstherapien mit oszillierenden Magnetfeldern (pulsierende Magnetfeldtherapie [PEMF] und extrakorporale Magnetotransduktionstherapie [EMTT]) und orthobiologischen Injektionen können in der Zukunft möglicherweise die gezeigten Effekte noch verstärken helfen.