bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Social Responsibility and Pandemic Awareness of Nursing Students on Covid-19 Preventive Behaviors
Authors: Kim Minji , Lee Hyeonkyeong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Factors influencing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive behavior require exploration to strengthen the response competencies of prospective healthcare professionals and reduce the pandemic’s impact. This study aimed to identify the level of COVID-19 preventive behavior among Korean nursing students and to determine the influence of social responsibility and pandemic awareness to present educational strategies for reducing disaster impact.
Methods

As a cross-sectional descriptive survey study using an online questionnaire, the participants were convenience sampled from one online community for nursing students and three nursing colleges located in Seoul, South Korea. Consequently, the data from 590 participants were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and linear multiple regression using SPSS.
Results

The factors influencing COVID-19 preventive behavior were identified to be social responsibility (B = .354, p < 0.001), pandemic awareness (B = .131, p = .016), impact of COVID-19 on daily life (B = .085, p = .012), and living in Daegu/Gyeong-buk area (B = .134, p = .017).
Conclusion

Based on the findings that social responsibility and pandemic awareness are key predictors of COVID-19 preventive behavior, customized educational programs and additional studies are recommended for raising social responsibility and pandemic awareness among prospective healthcare professionals as a part of disaster response.
Development and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers in The Small Indian Mongoose (Urva Auropunctata)
Authors: Sato Takuma , Jogahara Takamichi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The small Indian mongoose (Urva auropunctata) is listed among 100 of the World’s Worst Invasive Alien Species and eradication programs are ongoing worldwide. The development of individual and sex identification markers will improve their management. Therefore, we searched for novel mongoose short simple repeat (SSR) markers using genome-wide screening and identified 115,265 tetra-nucleotide repeat loci. Of 96 loci tested, 17 were genotyped in 28 mongooses from the Okinawa population. The genetic diversity analysis showed that the average expected and observed heterozygosity and number of alleles were 0.55, 0.56, and 2.94, respectively. Of 17 loci, one deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and six loci pairs were likely linked to each other. However, we succeed in identifying all individuals using all of the SSR loci. The novel sex identification markers worked successfully in a test using six known sex samples. These novel SSR and sex identification markers should be useful in studies of individual identification and population genetics of the mongoose.
19F MRI-guided Flexible Low-intensity Focused Ultrasound for
Drug Delivery and Molecular Targeted Therapy
Authors: Yang Jie , Li Yingbo , Sun Jiemei , Zou Hongyan , Xie Qian , A Rong , Wang Hongbin , Li Xiaona , Wang Kai , Yang Lili , Wu Lina , Sun Xilin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Non-site-specific, time-release and inefficient tumor penetration remain the major obstacles to the clinical efficacy of anticancer drugs. Novel strategies are therefore urgently needed for developing stimuli-responsive, local drug delivery systems that can increase drug penetration and accumulation at tumor sites. Here, we firstly describe an on-demand drug delivery system, AZD9291-PFCE nanoparticles (NPs) with 19F magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI)-guided flexible low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU). Optimized AZD9291-PFCE NPs (size 73.9 ± 1.9 nm) reach high accumulation in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor tissue. Further, LIFU triggered drug release from AZD9291-PFCE NPs and specifically increased tumor vascular and tumor tissue permeability. Quantitative 19F MRI was used to measure NPs accumulation in tumors in real-time after LIFU irradiation and to monitor therapeutic efficacy. Thus, we present an innovative strategy to achieve on-demand release of AZD9291 and improve NSCLC EGFR-targeted therapy efficacy by integrating theranostic NPs and 19F MRI-guided LIFU.
Significant Contribution of Temperature on AISI D2 Tool Steel Ground Surface Characteristics and Integrities
Authors: Fathallah Brahim Ben , Rawen Mohamed 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Controlled grinding is governed by the maximum surface temperature in the wheel-workpiece interaction. In this study, we demonstrate that temperature is the significant controller on the surface characteristic grinding, the surface integrity, the productivity and the fatigue life. Moreover, high temperature generated in abrasive processes is the main factor responsible on ground surface damage and its impact on the induced consequences in grinding of AISI D2 tool steel. The combined effects of abrasive type, cooling mode according to the cutting depth, on the temperature and residual stress distribution were highlighted by exploiting FEM. Obtained numerical results were validated with the experimental ones.
Exploring students' learning experience in online education. Analysis and proposals based on the case of a Spanish open learning university
Authors: Rivera-Vargas Pablo , Anderson Terry , Cano Cristina Alonso 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Not surprisingly, the number of online universities continues to expand - especially in Covid-19 times. These institutions all offer “online education” with diverse institutional, technological, and pedagogical processes. However, a fundamental element has to do with the experience of the students, and how they adapt to the educational model of the online university in which they are studying. In this article, we present the main results of the case-study developed in one of the most historical and relevant virtual universities in an international context. We have explored and analysed the process of adaptation to the educational model by the student body, and their perceptions of their interactions with the pedagogical, institutional, and technological elements designed to support their learning. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used to gather and analyse the data. From 1715 students who participated in the survey and the perceptions of 30 students individually interviewed, the results show positive evaluations regarding the integration and adoption of technological competencies, and also, that the online education generally serves as a responsive model to the emergent needs of the learner. However, the results also show that students have important concerns regarding the pedagogical and institutional support provided.
ARID1A Regulates E-Cadherin Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cells: A Promising Candidate Therapeutic Target
Authors: Erfani Mehran , Zamani Mozhdeh , Hosseini Seyed Younes , Mostafavi-Pour Zohreh , Shafiee Sayed Mohammad , Saeidnia Mohammadreza , Mokarram Pooneh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Metastasis is a major cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been known to be a crucial event in cancer metastasis. Downregulated expression of AT-rich interaction domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A), a bona fide tumor suppressor gene, plays an important role in promoting EMT and CRC metastasis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the impact of ARID1A knockdown and overexpression on the expression of EMT‑related genes, E-cadherin and β-catenin, in human CRC cells.Methods and Results The expression levels of ARID1A, E-cadherin and β-catenin in CRC cell lines were detected via real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot. ARID1A overexpression and shRNA-mediated knockdown were performed to indicate the effect of ARID1A expression on E-cadherin and β-catenin expression in CRC cell lines. The effect of ARID1A knockdown on the migration ability of HCT116 cells was assessed using wound-healing assay. We found that the mRNA and protein expression of adhesive protein E-cadherin was remarkably downregulated in response to shRNA-mediated ARID1A knockdown in HCT116 and HT29 cells. Conversely, overexpression of ARID1A in SW48 cells significantly increased E-cadherin expression. In addition, ARID1A silencing promoted the migration of HCT116 cells. ARID1A knockdown and overexpression did not alter the level of β-catenin expression.Conclusion Our study demonstrates that E-cadherin levels were closely correlated with ARID1A expression. Thus, ARID1A downregulation may promote CRC metastasis through decreasing EMT‑related protein E-cadherin and promoting epithelial cell movement. ARID1A could represent a promising candidate therapeutic target for CRC.
A Multi-scale Residual Convolutional Neural Network for Sleep Staging Based on Single Channel Electroencephalography Signal
Authors: ZHONG QINGHUA , Lei Haibo , Chen Qianru , Zhou Guofu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sleep disorder is a serious public health problem. Non hospital sleep monitoring system for monitoring sleep quality can effectively support the screening of sleep disorder related diseases. A new algorithm of multi-scale residual convolutional neural network (MS-RESCNN) was proposed to discover the feature of electroencephalography (EEG) signals detected with wearable system and staging the sleep stage. EEG signals were analyzed by this algorithm every 30 seconds, and then sleep staging results of wake-up (W), rapid eye movement sleep (REM) and non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) were outputed. NREM can also be subdivided into N1, N2 and N3 stages. 5-fold cross validation and independent subject cross validation were performed on the dataset with Kappa cofficients 0.7360 and 0.7001, respectively. The accuracy rates of those methods were 92.06% and 91.13%, respectively. Compared with the other methods, our proposed method can obtain the information of sleep stages from single channel EEG signals without special feature extraction. It has a good performance and can provide support for clinical application based on automatic sleep staging.
The Evolving Battle Between Yellow Rust and Wheat: Implications for Global Food Security
Authors: Bouvet Laura , Holdgate Sarah , James Lucy , Thomas Jane , Mackay Ian J. , Cockram James 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a global commodity, and its production is a key component underpinning worldwide food security. Yellow rust, also known as stripe rust, is a wheat disease caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), and results in yield losses in most wheat growing areas. Recently, the rapid global spread of genetically diverse sexually derived Pst races, which have now largely replaced the previous clonally propagated slowly evolving endemic populations, has resulted in further challenges for the protection of global wheat yields. However, advances in the application of genomics approaches, in both the host and pathogen, combined with classical genetic approaches, pathogen and disease monitoring, provide resources to help increase the rate of genetic gain for yellow rust resistance via wheat breeding while reducing the carbon footprint of the crop. Here we review key elements in the evolving battle between the pathogen and host, with a focus on solutions to help protect future wheat production from this globally important disease.
Spatial Distribution of Cardio-Vascular Diseases in India
Authors: Biswas Ayantika , Singh Shri Kant , Gupta Jitendra 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Cardio-vascular Diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death and disease burden across the world, and the burden is only expected to increase as the population ages. The objective of this paper is to explore the patterns of CVD risk factors among women in the late reproductive ages (35-49 years) across 640 districts in India, and investigate the association between area-level socioeconomic factors and CVD risk patterns., using a nationally representative sample of 239,729 women aged 35–49 years from all 36 States/UTs under NFHS-4 (2015–16). Methods: Age-standardized prevalence of CVDs have been calculated, along with 95% CI among women in their late reproductive ages (35–49 years) in India. The spatial dependence and clustering of CVD burden has been examined by Moran's I indices, bivariate Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) cluster and significance maps. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression has been employed with CVD prevalence as the outcome variable. To consider for spatial dependence, Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) models have been fitted to the data. Diagnostic tests for spatial dependence have also been carried out to identify the best fit model. Results: Higher values of Moran's I imply high spatial autocorrelation in CVD among districts of India. Smoking, alcohol consumption, hailing from a Scheduled Caste background, more than 10 years of schooling, as well as urban places of residence appeared as significant correlates of CVD prevalence in the country. The spatial error model and the spatial lag model are a marked improvement over the OLS model; among the two, the spatial error model emerging to be the most improved of the lot. Conclusions: A broader course of policy action relating to social determinants can be a particularly effective way of CVD risk addressal. Social policy interventions related to health like reduction in inequalities in factors like education, poverty, unemployment, access to health-promoting physical or built-environments are crucial in tackling the long-term effects of CVD inequalities between geographical areas.
Clinicopathological Manifestations and Immune Phenotypes in Adult-onset Immunodeficiency With Anti-interferon-γ Autoantibodies
Authors: Chen Yi-Chun , Weng Shao-Wen , Lee Chen-Hsiang , Huang Wen-Chi , You Huey-Ling , Huang Wan-Ting 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose Adult-onset immunodeficiency with anti-interferon (IFN)-γ autoantibodies (anti-IFN-γ Abs) is an immunodeficiency syndrome. Immune dysfunction in this distinct disorder remains to be clarified. Methods We prospectively collected blood samples of 20 patients with anti-IFN-γ Abs and 65 healthy normal subjects. Percentages of lymphocyte subpopulations, most relevant to T-, B-, and NK-cells, and percentages of stimulated lymphocytes with cytokine production were assessed using eight-color flow cytometry. The results were adjusted to age and absolute lymphocyte counts.Results Most (85%) patients presented non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection. Skin lesions were predominantly manifested by neutrophilic dermatoses. Involved lymph nodes had granulomatous inflammation, except 22.2% showing atypical lymphoid hyperplasia without granuloma formation. In the multiple linear regression model, CD4+ T cells and non-activated subpopulations (recent thymic emigrants and naïve subtypes) were significantly decreased with increased expression of activation markers and polarization to Th1, Th17, and Treg. The percentage of NK cells was increased, but two major NK subpopulations, CD56bright and CD56+CD16+ subsets were decreased. Furthermore, NK cells diminished expression of NKp30 and NKp46 with increased CD57 expression. The cytokine production was significantly lower, namely TNF-α in CD4+ T cells (P = 0.009), CD8+ T cells (P < 0.001), and NK cells (P = 0.002); IFN-γ in CD8+ T cells (P = 0.002) and NK cells (P = 0.001); and IL-2 in CD4+ (P < 0.001), and CD8+ (P = 0.005) T cells. Conclusion We conclude that the immune system in patients with anti–IFN-γ Abs could be exhausted which may contribute to the distinct clinicopathologic features.
An Optics-guided Robotic System for Dental Implant Surgery
Authors: Yan Biao , Zhang Wenlong , Cai Lijing , Zheng Lingxiang , Bao Kaiyang , Rao Yuming , Yang Lin , Ye Weitao , Guan Peifeng , Yang Wei , Li Jiang , Yang Rongqian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
At present, dental implant surgery mainly relies on the clinical experience of the doctor and the assistance of preoperative medical imaging. However, there are some problems in dental implant surgery, such as narrow space, sight obstruction, inaccurate positioning, and high requirements of doctors' proficiency. Therefore, a dental implant robot system (DIRS) guided by optical navigation is developed in this study, with an x-shaped tool and an irregular pentagonal tracer are designed for spatial registration and needle tip positioning strategy respectively. The coordinate system of each unit in DIRS is unified through system calibration, spatial registration, and needle tip positioning strategy. Then the surgical path is planned on the Computed Tomography (CT) images in the navigation software before operation. The automatic positioning method and the auxiliary positioning method can be used in the operation to achieve accurate positioning and assist doctors to complete the operation. The errors of spatial registration, needle tip positioning strategy, and the overall accuracy of the system were evaluated respectively, and the results showed that they all met the needs of clinical surgery. This study preliminarily verified the feasibility of the precise positioning method for dental surgery robots and provided certain ideas for subsequent related research.
Time Averaged Uric Acid Is Associated With the Prognosis of IgAN in Females
Authors: Zhang Quan , Dong Luyao , Han Hongling 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common glomerular diseases. However, the effect of uric acid on the prognosis of IgAN is still unclear, especially between males and females. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the role of hyperuricemia in IgAN patients and the differences in gender. Consequently, the study conducted a retrospective analysis of the prognosis of IgAN in patients from the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. Methods: A total of 1,022 patients with primary IgAN, diagnosed through renal biopsy were enrolled from the Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. However, after applying the exclusion criteria, only 463 patients remained and were regularly followed up in the hospital. In addition, the relationship between Time Average Uric Acid (TA-UA) and prognosis of IgAN was analyzed. Results: The findings showed that TA-UA was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of IgAN in the 463 patients studied (OR=1.752，95%CI=1.348-2.277，p＜0.001). Additionally, higher TA-UA values were associated with a faster progression of disease and worse prognosis (p < 0.05). Elevated TA-UA was also shown to be an independent risk factor for the progression of disease in female patients but not in their male counterparts (women: HR=1.998，95%CI=1.398-2.854，p＜0.001，men: HR=1.405，95%CI=0.869-2.274, p=0.166). Conclusion: Increased TA-UA is an independent risk factor for the progression of IgAN, especially in women.
Light Intensity Dependence of Current Density–voltage Characteristics of an Organic Solar Cell and Dominance Switching Between Shockley-read-hall and Radiative Recombination Losses
Authors: Ryu Shin Young , Ha Na Young , Ahn Y. H. , Park Ji-Yong , Lee Soonil 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We investigated the variation of current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics of an organic solar cell (OSC) in the dark and at 9 different light intensities ranging from 0.01 to 1 sun of the AM1.5G spectrum. All three conventional parameters, short-circuit currents (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and Fill factor (FF), representing OSC performance evolved systematically in response to light intensity increase. Unlike Jsc that showed quasi-linear monotonic increase, Voc and FF showed distinctive non-monotonic variations. To elucidate the origin of such variations, we performed extensive simulation studies including Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination losses. Simulation results were sensitive to defect densities, and simultaneous agreement to 10 measured J-V curves was possible only with the defect density of 5 * 1012 cm-3 . Based on analyses of simulation results, we were able to separate current losses into SRH- and radiative-recombination components and, moreover, identify that the competition between SRH- and radiative-loss currents were responsible for the aforementioned variations in Jsc, Voc, and FF. In particular, we verified that apparent demarcation in Voc, and FF variations, which seemed to appear at different light intensities, originated from the same mechanism of dominance switching between recombination losses.
A Rapid Point of Care CC16 Kit for Screening of Occupational Silica Dust Exposed Workers for Early Detection of Silicosis/Silico-Tuberculosis
Authors: Nandi Shyam Sundar , Lambe Upendra P. , Sarkar Kamalesh , Sawant Sonali , Gohil Trupti , Deshpande Jagadish 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Silicosis is an irreversible, incurable and progressive occupational disease caused by prolonged exposure to crystalline-silica while working in related industries. Conventionally diagnosis is done by chest radiology in advanced stage as early symptoms often go unnoticed. Early detection and secondary prevention could be the only realistic possible control strategy for controlling silicosis as no other method of treatment is available. Additionally, these patients are also vulnerable to drug resistant tuberculosis. Developing countries like India has a huge burden of silico-tuberculosis. Hence, a rapid and inexpensive screening method is a need for early detection of silicosis among silica dust exposed workers. Serum CC16 is a useful proxy screening marker for early detection of silicosis. In this study a lateral-flow assay for semi-quantitative estimation of serum CC16 level was developed. The detection was performed using gold nanoparticles conjugated anti-CC16 monoclonal antibodies. A sum of 47 serum samples was tested to do performance evaluation of the assay. A concentration of 6ng/ml or less produced one band, 6.1 – 9 ng/ml produced two bands, while more than 9 ng/ml produced all the three bands at the test zone. This assay can be used as a proxy marker for periodic screening and early detection of silicosis in vulnerable workers.
Critically ill COVID-19 status associated trait genetics reveals CDK6 inhibitors as potential treatment
Authors: Klinger Joern , Ravarani Charles , Bannard Colin , Lamparter Margaretha , Schwinges Alexander , Cope Justin , Baukmann Hannes , Schmidt Marco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Despite the recent development of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, treating critically ill COVID-19 patients still remains a top goal. In principle, drug repurposing – the use of an already existing drug for a new indication – could provide a shortcut to a treatment. However, drug repurposing is often very speculative due to lack of clinical evidence. We report here on a methodology to find and test drug target candidates for drug repurposing. Using UK Biobank data, we matched critically ill COVID-19 cases with healthy controls and screened for significant differences in 33 blood cell types, 30 blood biochemistries, and body mass index. Significant differences in traits that have been associated with critically ill COVID-19 status in prior literature, such as alanine aminotransferase, body mass index, C-reactive protein, and neutrophil cell count, were further investigated. In-depth statistical analysis of COVID-19 associated traits and their genetics using regression modeling and propensity score stratification identified cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) as a more promising drug target for the selective treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients than the previously reported interleukin 6. Four existing CDK6 inhibitors -- abemaciclib, ribociclib, trilaciclib, and palbociclib -- have been approved for the treatment of breast cancer. Clinical evidence for CDK6 inhibitors in treating critically ill COVID-19 patients has been reported. Further clinical investigations are ongoing.