bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMATIKA PROGRAM KREATIVITAS MAHASISWA (PKM) DAN PROGRAM MAHASISWA WIRAUSAHA (PMW) PADA FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI UNDIKSHA
Authors: Sriasih Sang Ayu Putu , Nitiasih Putu Kerti , Jayaputra I Nyoman Adi , Budasi I Gede , Budi Utama I Dewa Gede 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAK Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa (PKM) dan Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha (PMW) bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan soft skill dan aspek afektif, kognitif, dan psikomotor para mahasiswa. Program ini memberikan manfaat bagi para mahasiswa dan institusi. Banyak upaya telah dilakukan oleh Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni (FBS) Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha (Undiksha) dalam meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas PKM dan PMW. Namun dari data yang ada, kuantitas dan kualitasnya yang ada hingga saat ini masih sangat kurang. Dalam penelitian ini, penyebab kekurangan PKM dan PMW di FBS Undiksha diselidiki. Metode ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery, and Evaluations) diterapkan dari data yang diperoleh melalui metode wawancara dari 91 siswa FBS Undiksha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada penyebab utama partisipasi dialami oleh para mahasiswa ketika bergabung dengan PKM dan PMW. Ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi oleh para mahasiswa, seperti kesulitan dalam mendapatkan informasi tentang PKM dan PMW, pengumuman program yang mendadak, kesulitan dalam mendapatkan ide dan menulis, kesulitan dalam mendapatkan dosen pembimbing, dan kesulitan untuk menemukan tim.Kata-kata kuci: Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa (PKM), Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha (PMW), soft skill. ABSTRACT Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa (PKM) and Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha (PMW), or student creativity program and student entrepreneurship program are to develop soft skills and student aspects such as affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. The program provides benefits for both students and institutions. A lot of efforts have been conducted by Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni (FBS) Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha (Undiksha) in increasing the quantity and quality of PKM and PMW. However, the quantity and quality are still a deficiency. In this study, the deficiency causes of the PKM and PMW in FBS Undiksha was investigated. The ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery, and Evaluations) was applied from the obtained data through the interview method from 91 students of FBS Undiksha. The results showed that the primary cause of deficiency was experienced by the students when joining the PKM and PMW. There were several obstacles encountered by students, such as the difficulty in getting information about PKM and PMW, the sudden announcement of the program, the stress in getting ideas and writing, the stress in getting the supervisors, and the difficulty to find the teams.Keywords: student creativity program, student entrepreneurship program, soft skills
Design and FEA Simulation of Vehicle Suspension System by Using ANSYS
Authors: Paliwal Rashmi , Shrivastava Rahul 
Published: November 2021

The suspension system is a combination of tires, springs, shock absorbers, and connectors that connect the vehicle to its wheels, allowing the vehicle to travel reasonably well. The primary goal of this research was to mitigate the suspension system's overall weight. And improve the total strength of the vehicle suspension system by using ANSYS. Calculated the total deformation and equivalent stress at different loading conditions and check the durability of the system by using the FEA method. The deployment of FEA (finite element analysis) to analyses the fatigue life and stationary stress of a Vehicle Suspension System resulted in a flexible architecture that can be utilized in Vehicle Suspension Systems implementations. The current carbon alloy VSS can be lowered to a compact Vehicle Suspension Systems with better durable capabilities and good mechanical qualities, as well as emitting low carbon dioxide (CO2) benefits. On comparing The titanium Ti-6Al-4V with Titanium Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al and cast iron, inside this analysis it is concluded that titanium Ti-6Al-4V outperforms than other two with regards to the material composition. Seeing as titanium Ti-6Al-4V has a greater yield stress on comparing to titanium Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al. The cast iron and titanium Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al have high densities while Titanium Ti-6Al-4V has low densities .
تحديد مقاومة عزلة محلية للبكتريا المحبة للحرارة Bacillus stearothermophilus والمعزولة من التربة لبعض العناصر الثقيلة وتأثيراتها الضارة
Authors: Al-khafaji Khlood A. A. 
Published: November 2021

يهدف البحث الحالي الى التحري عن مقاومة عزلة محلية محبة للحرارة تعود للنوع Bacillus stearothermophilus لبعض العناصر الثقيلة وتحديد التركيز المثبط الادنى لها و درس المحتوى الوراثي لتحديد وجود عناصر وراثية خارج كروموسومية (البلازميدات) وعلاقتها مع المقاومة للعناصر الثقيلة. تم تقييم التأثيرات الضارة لعناصر الزئبق والكروم والكوبلت على شكل ونمو البكتريا وحصول تغييرات على طيف امتصاص الدنا للاطوال الموجية 200-400 نانومتر, كما درس التأثير المطفر لهذه العناصر. وجد ان العزلة المحلية المحبة للحرارة تقاوم تركيز يصل الى 80 ملي مولاري لعناصر الخارصين والمولبيديوم والفضة واظهرت العزلة حساسية تجاه عناصر الزئبق والكروم والكوبلت وقد قدرت قيم التركيز المثبط الادنى للزئبق بتركيز0.004 ملي مولاري وللكروم بتركيز 0.03 ملي مولاري وللكوبلت بتركيز0.007 ملي مولاري وقد بين الترحيل الكهربائي بهلام الاكاروز خلو العزلة المحلية من البلازميدات. ادت تنمية البكتريا بوجود الزئبق والكروم والكوبلت الى حصول تغييرا في اشكال بعض من الخلايا الحية اذ ظهرت الخلايا بشكل كروي او كروي عصوي كما ظهرت بعض الخلايا متكسرة بشكل كبير, وقد تأثر نمو البكتريا بشكل كبير لعناصر الزئبق والكروم حيث لوحظ انخفاض في النمو البكتيري بعد 18 ساعة مقارنة مع مزروع السيطرة بينما ظهر تأثر نمو المزروع المعامل بالكوبلت بصورة اقل وقد ادى استخدام الزئبق والكوبلت الى الحصول على طفرات حساسة للحرارة وبعدد وصل الى 200- 300 خلية بكتيرية طافرة/ مل على التتابع لكل 104 خلية/ مل وعدم ظهور طفرات لمعاملات الكروم. أظهر طيف امتصاص مستخلص الاحماض النووية للاطوال الموجية 200- 400 نانومتر عدم تغير طيف الامتصاص عند استعمال الزئبق وحصول تغير في شكل وامتداد منحني الدنا عند اخذ طيف الامتصاص للمزارع المعاملة بالكروم والكوبلت
دراسة بعض المتغيرات الفسلجية والجزيئية لعقم النساء في محافظة الأنبار- العراق
Authors: Qadury Atekah , Khalif Samir , Sulaiman Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

يعد العقم مشكلة صحية عالمية وهي من المشاكل الرئيسية في العديد من البلدان بما في ذلك الشرق الاوسط التي اخذت بالازدياد في الآونة الاخيرة اذ شهد العالم ارتفاعاً في معدلات العقم ولاسيما العقم عند النساء لذا صممت الدراسة لمعرفة اسباب العقم. شملت الدراسة الحالية (100) امرأة مصابة بالعقم في محافظة الانبار تراوحت اعمارهن بين 20-45 سنة من المراجعات لمستشفى الرمادي التعليمي للنسائية والأطفال وبعض العيادات الطبية في عدد من مدن واقضية محافظة الانبار للفترة من أيلول/2013 ولغاية كانون الثاني/2014 بالإضافة الى (40) امرأة سليمة ليس لديهن تاريخ اصابة او دلائل سريرية على اصابة محتملة بالعقم ومطابقات عمرياً للمجموعة المرضية , أوضحت نتائج الدراسة الحالية بأن نسبة العقم الأولي في محافظة الانبار أعلى من العقم الثانوي اذ بلغت (60،40%) على التوالي. كما اشتملت الدراسة اجراء بعض الفحوصات الهرمونية لأفراد عينتي الدراسة تضمنت قياس تركيز هرمون Lotine hormone (LH) و Follicle Stimulation hormone (FSH) و Prolactin hormone (PRL)و Testosterone Hormone (Testo)لغرض استبعاد اي عينة تعاني من اضطرابات هرمونية وتبين حدوث ارتفاع معنوي P≤0.05 في تراكيز الهرمونات لدى النساء العقيمات مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة ، اذ وجد انه من بين الـ(100) امرأة عقيمة 59 (59%) امرأة مصابة باضطرابات هرمونية مختلفة. تم اجراء الدراسة الجزيئية لـ(28) امرأة عقيمة (لا تعاني من اي اضطرابات هرمونية) بالإضافة الى (30) امرأة سليمة من عينة السيطرة كمجموعة مقارنة للكشف عن تعدد الاشكال والاضطرابات التي قد تطرأ على الجين اروماتيزCYP19A1 باستخدام زوج من البادئات المتخصصة المصممة اثناء الدراسة للجين المذكور لغرض تحديد علاقته بالعقم غير المفسر عند النساء وتبين حدوث الاضطرابات في 25 (89.3%) عينة من النساء العقيمات تراوحت بين غياب حزم البادئ او ظهورها بحجم يختلف عن الحجم المتوقع في حين لم تظهر مجموعة السيطرة اي اضطرابات للجين المذكور.
Camellia sinensis (Green Tea) Mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Detect its Antibacterial Activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Al-Ogaidi Israa Ali Zaidan 
Published: November 2021

In the current study, synthesis and characterization of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and its application as anti-pathogenic bacteria were investigated. ZnO which has been prepared by using aqueous of green tea leaves extract (Camellia sinensis) as a reducing agent. The wavelength range was measured by Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) for monitoring the formation of the nanoparticles, which showed sharp peak at 360 nm. The average size and shape of the nanoparticles were detected by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) which was 88 nm with spherical shape. Fourier transform–infrared (FTIR). FT-IR spectra was documented for the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by green tea extract to detect the biomolecules involved in the synthesis process. The antibacterial activity of crystal Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles was explored against pathogenic bacteria that included Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii. The antibacterial test was conducted in solid media using different concentrations of ZnO and disk diffusion method, 100 µg/ml presented the best antibacterial activity, and further studies on the damage of bacterial genomic DNA of Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii were carried out using gel electrophoresis exposed the DNA fragment bands, this activity may be caused by the interactions between the surface charge of cell and nanoparticles. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) properties of the particles might disturb cell wall and great antimicrobial action
Genetic Variation in Leptin Receptor Gene in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Obese Subjects from Erbil City
Authors: Mustafa Suhad A. 
Published: November 2021

There have been numerous genetic causes of obesity specifically leptin, genetic variants of the leptin receptor gene (LEPR Gln223Arg) which appeared to be polymorphismized (A>G; rs1137101) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity in several populations, although no association has been evidenced in other regions in the world. In this study, the association between LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism with Body Mass Index (BMI) and plasma leptin levels in obese diabetic and obese non-diabetic adults who are randomly selected from Erbil city is evaluated. Blood samples were collected for DNA extraction, and plasma leptin measurements. LEPR (A > G; rs1137101) genotypes were identified by a PCR- RFLP. The results show that plasma leptin concentrations increased with body mass index, and in obese diabetic group was more than two-fold increases p=0.001 when compared to those of obese non-diabetic patients. LEPR (A > G; rs1137101) gene polymorphisms did not found associated with BMI in the whole studied population. Furthermore an increased frequency of the GG genotype in the female control group 32.1 compared to obese group 19.2, but the frequency did not significant (OR= 1.38: 95% CI; 0.74-2.03, P=0.07 ) which indicated that this genotype might be associated with a protective effect against obesity in female only and that this effect was independent of diabetes. Further analysis of a larger population is required to confirm the biological relevance of this polymorphism for obesity in the Kurdish population.
The Response of Leaf Miner Liriomyza trifolii to Cowpea Vigna spp Plant
Authors: AL-Ghadban Zahraa E. , Najim Sammer , Alnahawandy Shaymaa 
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted in a field located at Department of Biology/College of Sciences/University of Baghdad, from the period between the Mid of August to the second half of October 2015, in order to study the population density of cowpea leaf miner on California Ramshorn cowpea and local varieties (Bayader) and their natural enemies. The result showed fluctuation of the population density for Liriomyza trifolii on the American variety. Two peaks for population density were shown and the second was higher than the first. The highest population density was 6.5 leaf miner/ leaf while the lowest was 0.7 leaf miner/leaf at the beginning of sampling. For the local variety, three peaks were recorded. The first was the highest with 2.61leaf miner/leaf and the lowest was 0.2 leaf miner/leaf. Population density of insect was higher on American variety has higherthan the local variety in its protein content which reached to 24.3%. Two hymenopteran parasites Pediobius matallicus and Diglyphus isaaea belong to the family Eulophidae were recorded on L. trifolii. This study, the first was conducted on the leaf miner on this host plant.
إنتاج بروتين أحادي الخلية من مخلفات نبات الثيلL. Cynodon dactylon باستخدام بكتريا Bacillus cereus والفطر Fusarium solani
Authors: Abood Mohammed , Al-rawii Dhafer , Hamzah Haider 
Published: November 2021

يشير مصطلح البروتين أﹸحادي الخلية إلى البروتين المستخلص من المزارع الميكروبية. درس إنتاج البروتين أﹸحادي الخلية باستعمال مخلفات نبات الثيلCynodon dactylon L. وبأستخدام الفطر Fusarium solani والبكتريا Bacillus cereus كلقاح مختلط. أظهرت النتائج ان افضل إنتاج للكتلة الحيوية كان عند الاس الهيدروجيني 7.5 وبأستخدام حجم لقاح 0.5 مل/100 مل وسط بكثافة البكتريا 52× 108خلية/مل و عدد الفطر(105 كونيدة/مل)، فيما كان افضل تركيز للمصدر الكربوني هو 4% الذي أعطى اعلى كتلة حيوية بدلالة الوزن الجاف، وتم الحصول على افضل إنتاج للكتلة الحيوية بعد مدة حضن 8 أيام، وكان الإنتاج النهائي من البروتين أﹸحادي الخلية بدلالة الوزن الجاف 81.5 غم/1000 مل كتلة حيوية. قدرت مكونات البروتين أﹸحادي الخلية المنتج وكانت النسبة المئوية للبروتين (28%) ونسبة الكاربوهيدرات 17% والدهون 2.46% والرماد 31.66%، وكان تركيز العناصر الرئيسية هي للفسفور 42 ملغم/لتر، والصوديوم 29 ملغم/لتر وبلغ تركيز البوتاسيوم 35 ملغم/لتر، فيما كانت النسبة المئوية DNA 2% والـ RNA 1.64%، اما السمية فقد بينت الفحوصات خلو البروتين المنتج من سموم الافلاتوكسين Aflatoxin وكانت نسبة Ochratoxin و T-2 Toxin هي 10.6 و 122.9 جزء بالمليون على التوالي، وكان مجموع تراكيز الأحماض الأمينية الموجودة في المنتج 84.74 ملغم/100غم واحتوى البروتين الميكروبي على بعض الأحماض الأمينية الأساسية وهي Cysteine، Leucine، Lysine، Methionine، Phenylalanine، Tyrosine، Valine و Threonine. أشار البحث إلى إمكانية استعمال نظام المزارع المختلطة من الفطريات والبكتريا في إنتاج البروتين أحادي الخلية، بالإضافة لذلك أشار تحليل البروتين المنتج ان له قيمة غذائية وبالتالي فان بالإمكان استعماله كعلف حيواني وربما يتم اعتباره مادة اساس لتوليد الطاقة.
استخلاص وتنقية انزيم اليورييز من بكتريا Proteus mirabilis
Authors: Ali Entesar Hussain , Dawud Hadeel Hameed 
Published: November 2021

حصل على العزلة البكتيرية من الاشخاص المصابين بالحروق من مستشفى الإمام علي في مدينة الصدر وبعد ان شخصت مظهريا ومجهريا بجهاز Vitek ومن ثم اثبتت قدرتها على انتاج اليورييز باستخدام وسط الإنتاج الزرعي مرق اللوريا Luria broth لانه وسط مناسب لتنمية خلايا البكتريا واستخلاص الانزيم ثم اجريت عمليات تنقية للانزيم تضمنت الترسيب بكبريتات الامونيوم كخطوة تنقية اولية، ثم التبادل الايوني, والترشيح الهلامي ثم حددت فعالية الانزيم لكل خطوة تنقية. وقد اظهرت نتائج تنقية اليورييز المستخلص من عزلة Proteus mirabilis باستخدام كبريتات الامونيوم ان الفعالية النوعية كانت4.71 وحدة/ملغم, وان افضل نسبة اشباع كانت 60%, وعدد مرات التنقية والحصيلة الانزيميةهما 3.5و %14.6على التوالي. وظهرت نتائج التنقية باستخدام عمود التبادل الايوني -Cellulose DEAE ان الفعالية النوعية كانت 12.29 وحدة/ملغم, وعدد مرات التنقية والحصيلة الإنزيمية 9.2و8 % على التوالي بينما كانت الفعالية النوعية15.1 وحدة/ملغم وعدد مرات التنقية والحصيلة الانزيمية 11.27, 14% على التوالي باستخدام عمود الترشيح الهلامي.
The effect of cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Escherichia coli on human sperm motility
Authors: AL-Janabi Mohammed Hashim , Al-Ahmed Hazim I. , Thabit Zaid A. 
Published: November 2021

Escherichia coli were isolated from vaginal and cervical samples during vaginal examination. Fifteen semen samples have been gathered through masturbation after three days of sexual abstinence. The Cell-Free Supernatant (CFS) of Escherichia has been collected by removing the cells from overnight broth cultures and filtered. The effect of (CFS) of Escherichia coli on spermatozoa motility was determined by using Earl’s balanced solution to prepare1:2 to 1:16 dilutions of CSF. Results conducted there was a significant difference in the count number of motile spermatozoa in 15 seminal fluid samples after being treated with CSF at the dilutions1:2 (p≤0.05) ,1:4 (p≤0.05) and 1:8(p≤0.05). The experiment showed a successive significant increase in the count number of motile sperms compatible with the lowering concentration of CSF until the count number of motile sperms reached the highest in the fourth dilution 1:16 ( P≥0.05) . This demonstrates the real effect of CSF on the vitality and activity of sperm. On the other hand, the study showed that the Escherichia Coli, causing genital tract infection, could have a bad effect on the motility and transportation of men’s spermatozoa and might be responsible for infertility.
An investigation of risk factors associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in a sample of infants and young children from baghdad
Authors: Ali Suha Hanoon , Al-Shuwaikh Arwa Mujahid Abdullah , Arif Hala Sameh 
Published: November 2021

Background: Human Respiratory Syncytial virus (hRSV) is one of the major causes of viral respiratory tract infection in infants and young children.
Aim of study: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with hRSV infection.
Objective: This study included 100 hospitalized infants and young children with chest infection (39 female and 61 male) aged from (1) to (24) months, their mean age (6.87) months.
Material and methods: Nasopharyngeal/throat swabs specimens were collected over a three-month winter period from January to April, 2017. hRSV was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results: The highest percentage of hRSV RNA (56.81%) was observed in the age group less than 6 months, followed by (27.27%) and (15.91%) in the age group 6-12 months and 12-24 months, respectively, which mean that (84%) of hRSV infections were under 12 months of age. Regarding the type of feeding, about (84%) of hRSV infections were positive in patients with bottle feeding which indicated that the role of breastfeeding in preventing hRSV infection and hospitalization is undisputed, Results showed that there was no significant association between these risk factors and the occurrence of hRSV infection (P˃ 0.05).
Conclusion: The hRSV-RNA is equally distributed between patients exposed and not exposed to smoking (50%).
Tumor necrosis factor alpha as a potential marker for prostate cancer
Authors: Ali M. S. , Al-Rubaei Salwa H. , Ahmed Najwa S. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Prostate cancer is currently the most common cause of cancer death in men. The exact cause of developing prostate cancer is not known though inflammation, ageing, ethnicity and heredity are important factors involved in the initiation and development of this cancer.
Aim of study : The aim of this study to determine the levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in sera of thirty patients with prostate cancer (PCa), thirty patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and in thirty health volunteers, T/DHT ratio was also calculated.
Result: There was a significant increase in the levels of PSA, TNF-α, T and T/DHT ratio in PCa as well as BPH patients compared to the controls. There was a significant decrease in DHT levels in both PCa and BPH compared to the controls.
Conclusion: TNF-α could serve as a potential marker for the diagnosis of PCa.
Hepatoprotactive activity of Ruta chalepensis ethanolic extract and histo-architecture of liver on CCL4 damaged albino male mice
Authors: Khalaf Hadeel Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Medicines derivative from plants broadly famous owing to their safety, obtainability and little Leaves, roots, bark, kernels and florae of plant are mostly prepared that included herbal medicines. They are administered orally, inhaled or directly applied in the skin. Ruta chalepensis is take on in the outdated medicine of many countries as a natural herb of the Mediterranean region. Pharmacological properties responsible by using phytochemical screening has shown the attendance of bioactive molecules price. The current study meant to investigate the effect of R. chalepensis ethanolic extract on liver function enzyme (Aspartate Amino-Transferase (AST), Alanine Amino-Transferase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and histological examination of liver section. Obtained showed the ability of plant extract to protect liver from any xenobiotics and provided protection against CCL4 damage on albino male mice.
Abolitionist John Brown's Treason against the Commonwealth of Virginia: A Lesson for State Governments about the Culpability of Non-Residents for Treason against the State
Authors: Beckman James A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article analyzes the specific issue of whether an individual could be tried for treason by a State government if that individual is not a resident or citizen of that State. This issue is analyzed through the prism of the landmark case of John Brown v. Commonwealth of Virginia, a criminal prosecution which occurred in October 1859. Brown, a resident of New York, was convicted of treason against the Commonwealth of Virginia, insurrection, and murder after he attempted to overthrow the institution of slavery by force on October 16–18, 1859. After a prosecution and trial which occurred within a matter of weeks following Brown's crimes, Brown was executed on December 2, 1859. To this day, John Brown's trial and execution remains one of the leading examples of a State government exercising its power to enforce treason law on the State level and to execute an individual for that offense. Of course, the John Brown case had a major impact on American history, including being a significant factor in the presidential election of 1860 and an often-cited spark to the powder keg of tensions between the Northern and Southern States, which would erupt into a raging conflagration between the North and South in the American Civil War a short eighteen months later. However, in the legal realm, the Brown case is one of the leading and best-known examples of a state government exercising its authority to enforce its laws prohibiting treason against the State. The purpose of this article is not to discuss treason laws generally or even all the issues applicable to John Brown's trial in 1859. Rather, this article focuses only on the very specific issue of the culpability of a non-resident/non-citizen for treason against a State government. With the increased array of hostile actions against State governments in recent years, and criminal actors crossing state lines to commit these hostile acts, this article discusses an issue of importance to contemporary society, namely whether an individual can be prosecuted and convicted for treason by a State of which the defendant is not a citizen or resident.