bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage after serial ventricular reservoir taps in neonates with hydrocephalus and association with neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age
Authors: Cizmeci Mehmet N. , de Vries Linda S. , Tataranno Maria Luisa , Zecic Alexandra , van de Pol Laura A. , Alarcon Ana , Groenendaal Floris , Woerdeman Peter A. 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
Decompressing the ventricles with a temporary device is often the initial neurosurgical intervention for preterm infants with hydrocephalus. The authors observed a subgroup of infants who developed intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) after serial ventricular reservoir taps and sought to describe the characteristics of IPH and its association with neurodevelopmental outcome.

METHODS
In this multicenter, case-control study, for each neonate with periventricular and/or subcortical IPH, a gestational age-matched control with reservoir who did not develop IPH was selected. Digital cranial ultrasound (cUS) scans and term-equivalent age (TEA)–MRI (TEA-MRI) studies were assessed. Ventricular measurements were recorded prior to and 3 days and 7 days after reservoir insertion. Changes in ventricular volumes were calculated. Neurodevelopmental outcome was assessed at 2 years corrected age using standardized tests.

RESULTS
Eighteen infants with IPH (mean gestational age 30.0 ± 4.3 weeks) and 18 matched controls were included. Reduction of the ventricular volumes relative to occipitofrontal head circumference after 7 days of reservoir taps was greater in infants with IPH (mean difference −0.19 [95% CI −0.37 to −0.004], p = 0.04). Cognitive and motor Z-scores were similar in infants with and those without IPH (mean difference 0.42 [95% CI −0.17 to 1.01] and 0.58 [95% CI −0.03 to 1.2]; p = 0.2 and 0.06, respectively). Multifocal IPH was negatively associated with cognitive score (coefficient −0.51 [95% CI −0.88 to −0.14], p = 0.009) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt with motor score (coefficient −0.50 [95% CI −1.6 to −0.14], p = 0.02) after adjusting for age at the time of assessment.

CONCLUSIONS
This study reports for the first time that IPH can occur after a rapid reduction of the ventricular volume during the 1st week after the initiation of serial reservoir taps in neonates with hydrocephalus. Further studies on the use of cUS to guide the amount of cerebrospinal fluid removal are warranted.
Circular RNA 0006349 Augments Glycolysis and Malignance of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through the microRNA-98/MKP1 Axis
Authors: Qin Chu , Lu Rongguo , Yuan Minyu , Zhao Rui , Zhou Huiya , Fan Xiaodong , Yin Bo , Yu Haoda , Bian Tao 
Published: September 2021

Background: The involvement of dysregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human diseases has been increasingly recognized. In this study, we focused on the function of a newly screened circRNA, circ_0006349, in the progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the molecules of action.Methods: The NSCLC circRNA dataset GSE101684, microRNA (miRNA) dataset GSE29250, and mRNA dataset GSE51852 obtained from the GEO database were used to identify the differentially expressed genes in NSCLC samples. Tumor and normal tissues were collected from 59 patients with NSCLC. The expression of circ_0006349, miR-98, and MAP kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP1) in collected tissue samples and in acquired cells was determined. The binding relationships between miR-98 and circ_0006349/MKP1 were predicted and validated. Altered expression of circ_0006349, miR-98, and MKP1 was introduced in NSCLC cells to examine their roles in cell growth, apoptosis, and glycolysis.Results: Circ_0006349 and MKP1 were upregulated, and miR-98 was poorly expressed in the collected tumor tissues and the acquired NSCLC cell lines. Circ_0006349 was identified as a sponge for miR-98 to elevate MKP1 expression. Silencing of circ_0006349 suppressed proliferation and increased apoptosis of Calu-3 and H1299 cells, and it reduced glycolysis, glucose uptake, and the production of lactate in cells. Upon circ_0006349 knockdown, further downregulation of miR-98 or upregulation of MKP1 restored the malignant behaviors of cells.Conclusion: This research demonstrated that circ_0006349 derepressed MKP1 expression by absorbing miR-98, which augmented the proliferation and glycolysis of NSCLC cells and promoted cancer development.
Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Increased the Risk of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqian , Liu Yuan , Zhang Jinping , Fu Shihui , Song Chengyun , Bai Yongyi , Luo Leiming 
Published: September 2021

Objective:To investigate the predictors of acute cardiovascular events within 90 days after an acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease (sCAD).Methods:Observational analyses were conducted in a prospective cohort of the elderly with sCAD, during 90 days after they were hospitalized for ALRTI. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors for acute cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.Results:The present study comprised 426 patients with sCAD (median age: 88 years; IQR: 84–91; range: 72–102). Among these patients, 257 suffering from ALRTI were enrolled in the infection group. Meanwhile, 169 patients who did not suffer from ALRTI were regarded as the non-infection group. Compared with the non-infection group, patients in the infection group had a higher incidence of acute cardiovascular events (31.9 vs. 13.6%,p&lt; 0.001) and all-cause mortality (13.2 vs. 1.8%,p&lt; 0.001) during the 90-day follow-up. In addition, in the infection group, the incidence of cardiovascular events was also higher than those in the non-infection group during the 7-day and 30-day follow-up (10.9 vs. 2.4%,p= 0.001; 20.6 vs. 6.5%,p&lt; 0.001). The same difference in the incidence of all-cause mortality during 7 and 30 days (1.2 vs. 0%,p= 0.028; 3.9 vs. 0.6%,p= 0.021) was observed between the two groups. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis found that ALRTI was independently associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in elderly patients with sCAD.Conclusion:In elderly patients with sCAD, ALRTI was an independent predictor for both cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.
Malaria Transmission, Vector Diversity, and Insecticide Resistance at a Peri-Urban Site in the Forest Zone of Ghana
Authors: Akuamoah-Boateng Yaw , Brenyah Ruth C. , Kwarteng Sandra A. , Obuam Patrick , Owusu-Frimpong Isaac , Agyapong Addo K. , Badu Kingsley 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionRecent surge ofAnophelesresistance to major classes of World Health Organization (WHO)-approved insecticides globally necessitates the need for information about local malaria vector populations. It is believed that insecticide efficacy loss may lead to operational failure of control interventions and an increase in malaria infection transmission. We investigated the susceptibility levels of malaria vectors to all classes of WHO-approved vector control insecticides and described the dynamics of malaria transmission in a peri-urban setting.MethodsFit 3–5-day-old adults that emerged fromAnopheleslarvae collected from several different sites in the study area were subjected to the WHO bioassay for detecting insecticide resistance. The knockdown resistance gene (kdr) mutations within the vector populations were detected using PCR. Entomological inoculation rates were determined using the human landing catch technique andPlasmodium falciparumcircumsporozoite ELISA.ResultsThe malaria vectors from the study area were resistant to all classes of insecticides tested. Out of the 284Anophelescomplex specimen assayed for the resistance study, 265 (93.30%) were identified asAnopheles gambiae s.s.The kdr gene was detected in 90% of theAnopheles gambiae s.s.assayed. In an area whereAnopheles coluzziiresistance to insecticides had never been reported, the kdr gene was detected in 78% of theAnopheles coluzziisampled. The entomological inoculation rate (EIR) for the dry season was 1.44 ib/m/n, whereas the EIR for the rainy season was 2.69 ib/m/n.ConclusionsThis study provides information on the high parasite inoculation rate and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in a peri-urban community, which is critical in the development of an insecticide resistance management program for the community.
Combination of 0.05% Azelastine and 0.1% Tacrolimus Eye Drops in Children With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Chen Minjie , Wei Anji , Ke Bilian , Zou Jun , Gong Lan , Wang Yan , Zhang Chaoran , Xu Jianjiang , Yin Jia , Hong Jiaxu 
Published: September 2021

Aims: To compare the efficacy of the combination of 0. 05% azelastine and 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops with 0.1% tacrolimus monotherapy in pediatric patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).Methods: Prospective study. Seventy-six patients with VKC were randomized 1:1 into monotherapy group with 0.1% tacrolimus or combination therapy group with 0.1% tacrolimus and 0.05% azelastine. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores and the signs of conjunctival hyperemia, corneal involvement, and palpebral conjunctiva papillae were assessed at baseline and at 1, 2, and 6 weeks after treatment.Results: Two groups were comparable in age, sex, duration of VKC, OSDI, and clinical signs of VKC at baseline. Significant improvements in OSDI score and clinical signs were observed in both groups at all follow-up visits (all p &lt; 0.001), compared with baseline. The combination therapy group showed a larger decrease in OSDI score from baseline (10.30 ± 0.9) compared with monotherapy group (7.30 ± 0.7, p =0.0085) at 1 week. Greater improvements in conjunctival hyperemia and conjunctival papillae were identified in the combination therapy group, compared with in the monotherapy group, at all follow-up visits (all p &lt; 0.05). The corneal involvement scores in the combination group is significantly lower than the monotherapy group at 2 weeks after the treatment (p = 0.0488). No severe adverse effect was found in either group during the study.Conclusions: Compared with a monotherapy of 0.1% tacrolimus, the combination of 0.05% azelastine and 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops lead to faster and greater improvements in clinical signs and symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis in pediatric patients.
Recent Advances in Repurposing Disulfiram and Disulfiram Derivatives as Copper-Dependent Anticancer Agents
Authors: Kannappan Vinodh , Ali Misha , Small Benjamin , Rajendran Gowtham , Elzhenni Salena , Taj Hamza , Wang Weiguang , Dou Q. Ping 
Published: September 2021

Copper (Cu) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression by acting as a co-factor that regulates the activity of many enzymes and structural proteins in cancer cells. Therefore, Cu-based complexes have been investigated as novel anticancer metallodrugs and are considered as a complementary strategy for currently used platinum agents with undesirable general toxicity. Due to the high failure rate and increased cost of new drugs, there is a global drive towards the repositioning of known drugs for cancer treatment in recent years. Disulfiram (DSF) is a first-line antialcoholism drug used in clinics for more than 65 yr. In combination with Cu, it has shown great potential as an anticancer drug by targeting a wide range of cancers. The reaction between DSF and Cu ions forms a copper diethyldithiocarbamate complex (Cu(DDC)2also known as CuET) which is the active, potent anticancer ingredient through inhibition of NF-κB and ubiquitin-proteasome system as well as alteration of the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, DSF/Cu inhibits several molecular targets related to drug resistance, stemness, angiogenesis and metastasis and is thus considered as a novel strategy for overcoming tumour recurrence and relapse in patients. Despite its excellent anticancer efficacy, DSF has proven unsuccessful in several cancer clinical trials. This is likely due to the poor stability, rapid metabolism and/or short plasma half-life of the currently used oral version of DSF and the inability to form Cu(DDC)2at relevant concentrations in tumour tissues. Here, we summarize the scientific rationale, molecular targets, and mechanisms of action of DSF/Cu in cancer cells and the outcomes of oral DSF ± Cu in cancer clinical trials. We will focus on the novel insights on harnessing the immune system and hypoxic microenvironment using DSF/Cu complex and discuss the emerging delivery strategies that can overcome the shortcomings of DSF-based anticancer therapies and provide opportunities for translation of DSF/Cu or its Cu(DDC)2complex into cancer therapeutics.
Sedation Mode During Endovascular Stroke Treatment in the Posterior Circulation—Is Conscious Sedation for Eligible Patients Feasible?
Authors: Weyland Charlotte Sabine , Chen Min , Potreck Arne , Jäger Laura Bettina , Seker Fatih , Schönenberger Silvia , Bendszus Martin , Möhlenbruch Markus 
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose: To compare safety and efficacy of conscious sedation (CS) vs. general anesthesia (GA) in endovascular stroke treatment (EST) of the posterior circulation (PC).Methods: Retrospective single-center analysis of patients receiving EST for large-vessel occlusion (LVO) in PC between January 2015 and November 2020. Exclusion criteria were severe stroke syndromes (NIHSS &gt; 20), decreased level of consciousness, intubation for transport, and second stroke within 3 months of follow-up. The primary endpoint was a favorable clinical outcome 90 days after stroke onset (mRS 0–2 or 3 if pre-stroke mRS 3). Secondary endpoints were the rate of EST failure and procedural complications.Results: Of 111 included patients, 45/111 patients (40.5%) were treated under CS and 60/111 (54.0%) under GA. In 6/111 cases (5.4%), sedation mode was changed from CS to GA during EST. Patients treated under CS showed a lower mRS 90 days after stroke onset [mRS, median (IQR): 2.5 (1–4) CS vs. 3 (2–6) GA, p = 0.036] and a comparable rate of good outcome [good outcome, n (%): 19 (42.2) CS vs. 15 (32.6) GA, p = 0.311]. There was no difference in complication rates during EST (6.7% CS vs. 8.3% GA) or intracranial bleeding in follow-up imaging [n (%): 4 (8.9) CS vs. 7 (11.7) GA), p = 0.705]. The rate of successful target vessel recanalization did not differ (84.4% CS vs. 85.0 % GA).Conclusions: In this retrospective study, EST of the posterior circulation under conscious sedation was for eligible patients comparably safe and effective to patients treated under general anesthesia.
Case Report: PRES-Like Syndrome With Reversible Cortical Blindness Associated With Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Li Ying , Miao Yuanfeng , Yu Meng , Zhu Ying , Liang Zeyin , Wang Zhaoxia , Peng Qing 
Published: September 2021

Background: There are few reported cases of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) combined with essential thrombocythemia (ET). We report a case of PRES-like syndrome in ET.Case Report: A 60-year-old man with a history of hypertension and thrombocythemia presented with progressive visual loss after waking up; and neurological examination showed pupils were 3 mm and equally reactive to light, which suggested cortical blindness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed restricted diffusion in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the bilateral parietal and occipital lobes. Routine blood tests revealed a platelet count of 1,044 × 109/L. ET was diagnosed after exclusion of other causes. Electroencephalography (EEG) showed periodic triphasic waves in the occipital region. The lesions of the parietal and occipital lobes on MRI and periodic triphasic waves of EEG disappeared quickly, and patient's vision returned to normal after the treatment with hydroxyurea and sodium bicarbonate. The patient experienced hallucinatory palinopsia during the recovery of vision.Conclusion: ET may be a risk factor for PRES.
Genetic Variations of CD40 and LTβR Genes Are Associated With Increased Susceptibility and Clinical Outcome of Non-Small-Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Dimitrakopoulos Foteinos-Ioannis D. , Antonacopoulou Anna G. , Kottorou Anastasia E. , Kalofonou Melpomeni , Panagopoulos Nikolaos , Dougenis Dimitrios , Makatsoris Thomas , Tzelepi Vasiliki , Koutras Angelos , Kalofonos Haralabos P. 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundImmune system-related receptors CD40 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5), BAFFR (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C), and LTβR (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3) play a pivotal role in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To further evaluate their role in NSCLC, CD40 rs1883832 (T&gt;C), BAFFR rs7290134 (A&gt;G), and LTβR rs10849448 (A&gt;G) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigated regarding their impact in risk and clinical outcome of NSCLC patients.MethodsThe three selected SNPs were evaluated in 229 NSCLC patients and 299 healthy controls, while CD40, BAFFR, and LTβR protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 96 tumor specimens from NSCLC patients.ResultsIn total, CD40 rs1883832 was associated with NSCLC risk, with the T allele, after adjusting for cofactors, being related to increased risk (p = 0.007; OR 1.701). Moreover, the CT genotype was associated with increased risk (p = 0.024; OR 1.606) and poorer 5-year overall survival (OS) after adjusting for cofactors (p = 0.001, HR 1.829), while CC was associated with higher CD40 expression in tumorous cells (p = 0.040) and in stromal cells (p = 0.036). In addition, AA homozygotes for the LTβR rs10849448 had increased risk for NSCLC in multivariate analysis (p = 0.008; OR, 2.106) and higher LTβR membranous expression (p = 0.035). Although BAFFR rs7290134 was associated with BAFFR membranous expression (p = 0.039), BAFFR rs7290134 was not associated with neither the disease risk nor the prognosis of NSCLC patients.ConclusionsIn conclusion, CD40 rs1883832 and LTβR rs10849448 seem to be associated with increased risk for NSCLC, while CD40 rs1883832 is also associated with OS of patients with NSCLC.
MicroRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Xiaohong , Li Parker , Dong Qianqian , Duan Yihong , Yang Shoubo , Cai Zehao , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundDiagnosing primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains a challenge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising noninvasive markers for the identification of PCNSL. The present study aims to assess the diagnostic value of miRNAs for PCNSL patients as biomarkers.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library from inception to January 31, 2021. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), together with the summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve, and the area under the SROC curve (AUC) value were used to estimate the overall diagnostic performance. We used Q statistic and I2 to test heterogeneity and used subgroup analyses to investigate the source of heterogeneity. The statistical analyses were independently performed by two investigators using Stata 14.0 and Revman 5.3.ResultsIn total, 11 studies from 6 records were included in the current meta-analysis with 281 PCNSL patients and 367 controls. Our statistical analysis demonstrated that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 0.91 (95% CI 0.84–0.95), 0.88 (95% CI 0.84–0.91), 7.48 (95% CI 5.71–9.78), 0.11 (95% CI 0.06–0.19), 70 (95% CI 35–142), and 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.92), respectively. The studies had substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 54%, 95% CI 0–100). Two subgroup analyses were conducted based on the type of specimen and miRNAs profiled.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis indicated that miRNAs were suitable as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for PCNSL with high accuracy. In addition, both cerebrospinal fluid-based and blood-based miRNAs assays for PCNSL detection were considered reliable for clinical application. MicroRNA-21 assays also seemed to be more accurate in the diagnosis of PCNSL. Good quality studies with large samples should be conducted to verify our results.
Taraxacum dooguei and T. dudmanianum (Asteraceae) - two new species from Britain and Ireland
Authors: Richards A. J. 
Published: September 2021

Two new species are Taraxacum are described: T. dooguei A.J. Richards, a section Celtica species from Ireland related to T. pietii-oosterveldii, and T. dudmanianum A.J. Richards, a section Taraxacum species from Britain and Ireland previously incorrectly recorded as T. aberrans. Notes are given on their ecology and distributions.
MORAL CULTURE: PHILOSOPHICAL-PEDAGOGICAL CONTEXT
Authors: Kapitan Natalia 
Published: September 2021

The modern state of the problem of forming the moral culture in humanistics is considered. The analysis of research of the 20th-21st centuries concerning the problem in such areas of science as philosophy, ethics, psychology, pedagogy is given. Natural ways to study the essence of moral culture in contemporary philosophy are found. It is revealed that the starting point for the philosophic analysis of moral culture in the mid-80s of the 20th century is the correlation of the freedom of society and freedom of personality. The role of moral culture in the system of human communication is found, that is most clearly expressed in the philosophical hermeneutics. The achievements in the study of contemporary issues of moral culture belonging to religious philosophy are outlined (works of H. Vashchenko, A. Vyshnevskyi, L. Moskaliova, I. Ohiienko, Ya. Yarema, etc.). The analysis of these problems is made in the works of the representatives of ethical thought, namely by L. Arkhanhelskii, V.Bibler, G. Vasianovych A. Guseinov, I. Ziaziun, L. Moskaliova, L. Horuzhy and others. It has been found that the psychological sphere representatives unanimously believe that the moral culture is an integrative social, personal, spiritual phenomenon that requires a fundamental methodological research, and the main requirement for such studies should be comprehensive, humanistic character, which is appropriate not only for the present but also for the future. The valuable researches of the 21st century in the sphere of moral culture in pedagogy are outlined. Particular attention is paid to theses studies that reveal the specific expression of moral culture in different spheres of an individual’s life.