bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raman spectroscopy potentiality in the study of geopolymers reaction degree
Authors: Caggiani Maria Cristina , Coccato Alessia , Barone Germana , Finocchiaro Claudio , Fugazzotto Maura , Lanzafame Gabriele , Occhipinti Roberta , Stroscio Antonio , Mazzoleni Paolo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAlkali‐activated materials (AAMs) and “geopolymers” are inorganic polymeric materials obtained by mixing of solid aluminosilicate precursors with an alkaline solution (generally, KOH or NaOH and Na2SiO3 mixed in various ratios). This class of aluminosilicate materials has emerged as a greener alternative to traditional concrete, for large‐scale as well as for niche applications such as conservation and restoration of built heritage. In this work we apply Raman spectroscopy both to aluminosilicate precursors (metakaolin, pumice, volcanic ash, volcanic soils, clayey sediments, ceramic waste) and to the respective AAMs. In the field of vibrational spectroscopy, Raman is much less employed in the literature with respect to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to have insights into the alkali activation process from a molecular point of view. The aim of this paper is to investigate the potentiality of a Raman approach to the comparison of the employed raw materials with the respective AAMs. Raman analyses during the first hours of geopolymerization were also carried out on the clayey sediments and ceramic waste‐based products. The results, differentiated according to the employed precursors, exhibit spectra relative to crystalline and amorphous phases that can give an indication about the newly formed aluminosilicate gel.
CLUSTER searching approach to inform evidence syntheses: A methodological review
Authors: Tsang Anthony , Maden Michelle 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe CLUSTER model of searching was proposed as a systematic method of searching for studies for reviews of complex interventions.AimThe method has not been evaluated before. This methodological review identified and evaluated a sample of evidence syntheses that have used CLUSTER.MethodsA forward citation search on the seed CLUSTER publication was conducted on Web of Science Core Collection using six journal citation indexes and Google Scholar in December 2020. Reviews which used the CLUSTER method were eligible for inclusion. A narrative synthesis was used to describe the types of evidence syntheses that used CLUSTER searching, the extent to which the CLUSTER approach has been operationalised within evidence syntheses and whether the value, benefits and limitations of CLUSTER were assessed by the reviewers.FindingsA total of 16 reviews were identified and eligible for synthesis. Six different review types that used CLUSTER were identified with realist reviews being the most prominent. The evaluation of complex interventions was the most common review topic area. The use of CLUSTER varied among reviews with the retrieval of sibling studies being the most common reason. ‘Citations’ and ‘Lead authors’ were the most followed elements of CLUSTER.ConclusionsEvidence suggests that CLUSTER has been adopted for use in reviews of complex interventions. Its usage varied among the included reviews. It is imperative that future reviewers diligently report the elements and steps of CLUSTER that were utilised in order to provide a reproducible and transparent search strategy that can be reported with similar transparency to bibliographic database searches.
A Tribute to Dr. Milton J. Rosen: An Innovator and Leader in Surfactant Science and Technology
Authors: Zhu Yung‐Peng , Vinson Phillip K. , Smith George A. , Hayes Douglas G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIt is our pleasure and honor to commemorate Dr. Milton J. Rosen by publishing this special issue to recognize his contributions and accomplishments in surfactant science and applications. Dr. Rosen had been a mentor and a colleague to many former students, visiting scholars, and scientists from academia and industry over the years. This paper provides an overview of his professional and personal life and his impact on the field of surfactant science and technology and on the American Oil Chemists' Society.
The Prognostic Value of Lymph Node Burden in Oral Cavity Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Tsai Tsung‐You , Iandelli Andrea , Marchi Filippo , Huang Yenlin , Tai Shiao‐Fwu , Hung Shao‐Yu , Kao Huang‐Kai , Chang Kai‐Ping 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesLymph node burden has been proposed to estimate the cumulative adverse effect of nodal metastasis. In this study, a meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of lymph node burden in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.Study DesignsSystemic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library as well as manual searches were performed until April 2020. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival, disease‐specific survival, and disease‐free survival were extracted and pooled.ResultsEleven included studies were published between 2009 and 2019. The cumulative number of patients was 20,607 (range 35–14,554). Extranodal extension was adjusted or evaluated in all of the studies. The meta‐analysis indicated that a higher lymph node burden was significantly related to worse overall survival (HR 2.62, 95% CI 2.12–3.25), worse disease‐specific survival (HR 3.14, 95% CI 1.85–5.33) and worse disease‐free survival (HR 2.30, 95% CI 1.62–3.26). The highest hazard ratio was observed when the cutoff value was 3 for overall survival, 3 for disease‐specific survival, and 4 for disease‐free survival. The hazard ratio showed an upward trend before the cutoff value of 3 but no significant incremental change when the cutoff exceeded 3.ConclusionsIn oral squamous cell carcinoma, lymph node burden is an independent prognosticator for survival outcomes. However, more prospective or high‐quality studies are required to determine the optimal cutoff.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:88–95, 2022
Identification of abstract features presented at the combined otolaryngology spring meeting predicting publication in impactful peer‐reviewed journals
Authors: Genc Fatma S. , Dwyer Christopher D. , Rosow David E. , Stockton Steven D. , Young VyVy N. , Rosen Clark A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesReview abstracts presented at the Combined Otolaryngology Society Meeting (COSM) to determine subsequent publication and identify abstract features predictive of publication in high impact journals.MethodsA selection of abstracts accepted in the 2015 COSM scientific programs were retrospectively reviewed. MEDLINE searches via PubMed and Google Scholar were performed to determine publication rates. The Journal of Citation Reports was used to determine impact factors for published abstracts. Binomial regression analyses were used to identify factors related to publication in high impact journals.Results62.4% of reviewed abstracts (n = 623) were subsequently published, with a mean publication time of 14 ± 12 months. Abstract features predictive of publication were basic science type, other science type, prospective studies, multi‐institutional involvement, and presentation at the American Laryngologic Association and American Otologic Society meetings. Based on Wald score, podium presentation was found to have the biggest effect on publication. Factors positively associated with publication in high impact (impact factor > 2.272) journals were increased author number and sample size.ConclusionsOverall publication rate of abstracts selected for presentation at COSM in 2015 was on the higher end of previously reported otolaryngology meetings. Abstracts detailing basic science, other science, prospective and multi‐institutional studies were more likely to lead to future publication. Additionally, increased number of authors and sample size lead to publication in higher impact journals.Level of EvidenceN/A.
Integrating socially accountable health professional education and learning health systems to transform community health and health systems
Authors: Wood Brianne , Fitzgerald Michael , Kendall Claire , Cameron Erin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA learning health system aims to create value in health systems using data‐driven innovations, quality improvement techniques, and collaborations between health system partners. Although the concept is mobilized through cycles of learning, most instantiations of the learning health system overlook the importance of formalized learning in educational settings. Social accountability in health professional education focuses on measurably improving people's health and health care, specifically through education and training activities. In this commentary, we argue that the idea of social accountability clearly articulates a rationale and a broad range of aspirations, whereas the learning health system offers an approach to achieve these goals. With a similar aim to a learning health system, social accountability promotes partnerships between health professional education, the health system, and communities in a way that allows for co‐designed and contextualized interventions. On the other hand, learning health systems prioritize data, research, and analytic capacities to facilitate quality improvement. An integrative framework could enhance learning cycles by collectively designing interventions and innovations with people and communities from health, research, and education systems. As well as aspiring to improve population health and health equity, such a framework will consider broader impacts, including the degree of participation amongst a range of partners and the level of responsiveness to partners' priorities.
Assessment of an Lp‐space multi‐focusing inversion method for subsoil mapping with multi‐frequency data
Authors: Randazzo Andrea , Estatico Claudio , Fedeli Alessandro , Rosatti Pietro , Salucci Marco , Zardi Francesco , Pastorino Matteo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA multi‐focusing method for quantitative subsoil inverse scattering (IS), which enhances an inexact‐Newton (IN) technique by means of an iterative zooming strategy, is considered. The approach simultaneously exploits multi‐chromatic scattered field data from a set of multi‐static probes above the air‐soil interface. Numerical experiments have been carried out in order to analyze the performance of the developed technique versus the depth of buried objects, as well as in the presence of inhomogeneous targets. The presented results demonstrate the advantages of the multi‐focusing approach in challenging scenarios as compared to a standard single‐resolution IN method in terms of accuracy and efficiency.
A transformer‐based injection‐locked frequency divider
Authors: Wan Cao , Wu Liang , Zhu Haoshen , Xu Taotao , Xue Quan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis letter reports a divide‐by‐four injection‐locked frequency divider with a transformer‐based fourth‐order tank. In the divider, the tank has two resonance peaks at ω0 and 3ω0 to enhance the injection efficiency, therefore, the locking range is enlarged. Besides, the divider contains a buffer for output third‐harmonic suppression. The proposed divider has been fabricated in 65 nm CMOS process with a die size of 0.535 mm2, and the power consumption is 9.8 mW at 0.6 V supply voltage. The locking range is 12.1% from 27.8 to 31.4 GHz at 0 dBm power injection, the third‐harmonic rejection is over 18 dB in the whole band, and the best one is 22.9 dB.
A hybrid feature selection‐based approach for brain tumor detection and automatic segmentation on multiparametric magnetic resonance images
Authors: Chen Hao , Ban Duo , Qi X. Sharon , Pan Xiaoying , Qiang Yongqian , Yang Qing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeTo develop a novel method based on feature selection, combining convolutional neural network (CNN) and ensemble learning (EL), to achieve high accuracy and efficiency of glioma detection and segmentation using multiparametric MRIs.MethodsWe proposed an evolutionary feature selection‐based hybrid approach for glioma detection and segmentation on 4 MR sequences (T2‐FLAIR, T1, T1Gd, and T2). First, we trained a lightweight CNN to detect glioma and mask the suspected region to process large batch of MRI images. Second, we employed a differential evolution algorithm to search a feature space, which composed of 416‐dimension radiomic features extracted from four sequences of MRIs and 128‐dimension high‐order features extracted by the CNN, to generate an optimal feature combination for pixel classification. Finally, we trained an EL classifier using the optimal feature combination to segment whole tumor (WT) and its subregions including nonenhancing tumor (NET), peritumoral edema (ED), and enhancing tumor (ET) in the suspected region. Experiments were carried out on 300 glioma patients from the BraTS2019 dataset using fivefold cross validation, the model was independently validated using the rest 35 patients from the same database.ResultsThe approach achieved a detection accuracy of 98.8% using four MRIs. The Dice coefficients (and standard deviations) were 0.852 ± 0.057, 0.844 ± 0.046, and 0.799 ± 0.053 for segmentation of WT (NET+ET+ED), tumor core (NET+ET), and ET, respectively. The sensitivities and specificities were 0.873 ± 0.074, 0.863 ± 0.072, and 0.852 ± 0.082; the specificities were 0.994 ± 0.005, 0.994 ± 0.005, and 0.995 ± 0.004 for the WT, tumor core, and ET, respectively. The performances and calculation times were compared with the state‐of‐the‐art approaches, our approach yielded a better overall performance with average processing time of 139.5 s per set of four sequence MRIs.ConclusionsWe demonstrated a robust and computational cost‐effective hybrid segmentation approach for glioma and its subregions on multi‐sequence MR images. The proposed approach can be used for automated target delineation for glioma patients.
A scoping review of transition interventions for young adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Viola Adrienne , Porter Jerlym , Shipman Jelaina , Brooks Ellen , Valrie Cecelia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStandardized programming for individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) transitioning from pediatric to adult‐centered care does not currently exist, resulting in high rates of mortality and morbidity. This scoping review examines and evaluates the current literature on SCD transition programs and interventions. Eligible studies described an existing program for individuals with SCD aged 12–29 years preparing to transition. The Evidence Project risk‐of‐bias tool was used to assess article quality. We identified 30 eligible articles, of which, only two were randomized controlled trials. Many studies have incomplete reports of feasibility information, such as completion rates, patient characteristics, and attrition; all studies were limited to a single institution; and most studies were rated high for risk of bias. Progress has been made in designing and gathering initial evaluation data for SCD transition programs; however, there is a need for higher quality studies, consistent assessment, and better dissemination of programs.
The mechanism of action of the SSB interactome reveals it is the first OB‐fold family of genome guardians in prokaryotes
Authors: Bianco Piero R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe single‐stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) is essential to all aspects of DNA metabolism in bacteria. This protein performs two distinct, but closely intertwined and indispensable functions in the cell. SSB binds to single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) and at least 20 partner proteins resulting in their regulation. These partners comprise a family of genome guardians known as the SSB interactome. Essential to interactome regulation is the linker/OB‐fold network of interactions. This network of interactions forms when one or more PXXP motifs in the linker of SSB bind to an OB‐fold in a partner, with interactome members involved in competitive binding between the linker and ssDNA to their OB‐fold. Consequently, when linker‐binding occurs to an OB‐fold in an interactome partner, proteins are loaded onto the DNA. When linker/OB‐fold interactions occur between SSB tetramers, cooperative ssDNA‐binding results, producing a multi‐tetrameric complex that rapidly protects the ssDNA. Within this SSB‐ssDNA complex, there is an extensive and dynamic network of linker/OB‐fold interactions that involves multiple tetramers bound contiguously along the ssDNA lattice. The dynamic behavior of these tetramers which includes binding mode changes, sliding as well as DNA wrapping/unwrapping events, are likely coupled to the formation and disruption of linker/OB‐fold interactions. This behavior is essential to facilitating downstream DNA processing events. As OB‐folds are critical to the essence of the linker/OB‐fold network of interactions, and they are found in multiple interactome partners, the SSB interactome is classified as the first family of prokaryotic, oligosaccharide/oligonucleotide binding fold (OB‐fold) genome guardians.
The effect of cocoa/dark chocolate consumption on lipid profile, glycemia, and blood pressure in diabetic patients: A meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Darand Mina , Hajizadeh Oghaz Masoomeh , Hadi Amir , Atefi Masoumeh , Amani Reza 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to the increasing rate of cardiovascular disease and related risk factors in the worldin recent decades, the present meta‐analysis was performed to investigate the effects ofcocoa/chocolate consumption on lipid profile, glycemia, and blood pressure control in diabetic patients. A systematic search of the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochran Library was performed up to July 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using cocoa/dark chocolate in diabetic patients were included in the study. The search results were limited to English‐language publications. Eight RCTs, including 433 participants, were selected for this meta‐analysis. Pooled analysis indicated a significant reduction in low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL‐c levels (WMD: −15.49 mg/dl; 95% CI: −24.56, −6.42, p = .001) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations (WMD: −6.88 mg/dl; 95% CI: −13.28, −0.48, p = .03) following cocoa/dark chocolate consumption. The analysis of papers included in current study indicates that the consumption of cocoa/dark chocolate reduced the serum fasting blood glucose (FBS) and LDL cholesterol concentrations. However, further high quality trials are essential for confirming the clinical efficacy of cocoa/dark chocolate consumption on complete metabolic profile.
Induced Coherence via Spontaneous Four‐Wave Mixing in Atomic Ensembles
Authors: Park Jiho , Kim Heonoh , Moon Han Seb 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInduced coherence was first demonstrated three decades ago in a proof‐of‐principle experiment using entangled photons from spontaneous parametric down‐conversion in nonlinear crystals. This phenomenon is considered an interesting instance of complementarity, which lies at the heart of quantum optics. Here, the first demonstration of induced coherence across two coupled interferometers based on spontaneous four‐wave mixing (SFWM) in two independent hot‐atomic‐vapor‐based entangled photon sources is reported. When both the pump and coupling lasers are split and interact with two warm 87Rb atomic ensembles, single‐photon interference is observed between the two idler photons of the narrowband photon pairs, generated via SFWM from the two cascade‐type atomic systems. Furthermore, it is found that the phase memory effect arises from the phase of the bidirectional counter‐propagating pump and coupling lasers, respectively. This work takes an important step toward the transition to the era of quantum optics being driven by atomic ensembles from solid‐state systems.
Soil–air phase characteristics: Response to texture, density, and land use in Greenland and Denmark
Authors: Pesch Charles , Weber Peter Lystbæk , de Jonge Lis Wollesen , Greve Mogens Humlekrog , Norgaard Trine , Moldrup Per 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSoil aeration is a key parameter for sustainable and productive agriculture. The intensification of agricultural activity in Greenland involves land use (LU) and LU change, affecting the soil–air phase. The combined effects of natural compaction (bulk density, ρb), texture (texture uniformity index; TUI), and LU on the soil–air phase of subarctic soils are not well known. This study aims to identify and compare the main drivers for air‐filled porosity (ε) and soil‐structure changes within and across sites in Greenland and Denmark. We analyzed comprehensive data sets of ε, relative gas diffusivity Dp/Do), and air‐permeability (ka) measured on intact soil samples from South Greenland (pasture) and Denmark (cultivated, urban, and forest). The mechanical robustness of the air phase was evaluated by linear models of ε as a function of ρb (H‐model). The ratio of ka to Dp/Do served as a soil‐structure index (Ω); the latter significantly correlated to TUI. The Greenlandic pasture soils did not show signs of well‐developed soil structure (low Ω‐values), whereas low H‐values suggested the soils were mechanically robust compared to similar‐textured cultivated soils. The soil–air characteristic curve (ε vs. pF) was parameterized, and the moisture control parameter was accurately predicted by TUI and LU (R2 = .95). Overall, the ρb was found to control the air‐phase functions within a field. However, considering changes in ε‐levels across different fields, texture, LU, and other environmental factors became statistically more relevant than ρb. A modeled response surface for changes in ε with soil conditions may, in perspective, be useful for better‐predicting gas transport in soil, both within and across fields.
Multi‐node Expectation–Maximization algorithm for finite mixture models
Authors: Lee Sharon X. , McLachlan Geoffrey J. , Leemaqz Kaleb L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFinite mixture models are powerful tools for modeling and analyzing heterogeneous data. Parameter estimation is typically carried out using maximum likelihood estimation via the Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm. Recently, the adoption of flexible distributions as component densities has become increasingly popular. Often, the EM algorithm for these models involves complicated expressions that are time‐consuming to evaluate numerically. In this paper, we describe a parallel implementation of the EM algorithm suitable for both single‐threaded and multi‐threaded processors and for both single machine and multiple‐node systems. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the potential performance gain in different settings. Comparison is also made across two commonly used platforms—R and MATLAB. For illustration, a fairly general mixture model is used in the comparison.