bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational image translation from Mueller matrix polarimetry to bright‐field microscopy
Authors: Si Lu , Li Naiqi , Huang Tongyu , Du Shan , Dong Yang , Yao Yue , Ma Hui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMueller matrix (MM) polarimetry can provide comprehensive information about the polarization properties that are closely related to the microstructural features and has demonstrated its potential in biomedical studies and clinical practices, and bright‐field microscopy is widely used in pathological diagnosis as the golden standard. In this work, we improve the throughput of MM microscopy by learning a statistical transformation between these two imaging systems based on deep learning. Using this approach, the MM microscope can generate an image that is equivalent to a bright‐field microscope image of the matching field of view. We add new transformative capability to the existing MM imaging system without requiring extra hardware. The translation model is based on conditional generative adversarial network with customized loss functions. We demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach on liver and breast tissues and evaluated the performance by four quantitative similarity assessment methods in pixel, image and distribution levels, respectively.
Does the market value M&A risk factor disclosures? Evidence from the involvement of investment bank advisors
Authors: Xie Fujiao , Wang Tawei , Schochet Sholom 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates whether the market values risk factor disclosures in the context of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and how the involvement of top‐tier investment banks affects the association. We complement previous research on risk factor disclosures by suggesting that the inter‐organizational relationship between companies and investment banks they hired in M&A transactions affects investors’ perceptions of M&A risk factor disclosures. Specifically, we find that while M&A risk factor disclosures are positively related to the firms’ market value, the involvement of a reputable investment bank advisor negatively moderates this relationship. Our research demonstrates that M&A risk factor disclosures are informative and the investment bank advisor as an intermediary would affect investors’ perception of the acquirer's risk factor disclosures. The study provides implications for regulatory policies relating to risk disclosures, which should be of interest to regulators, investors, and managers.
Pain Management Considerations in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Requiring Critical Care
Authors: Smith Kathryn , Wang Michelle , Abdukalikov Ruslan , McAullife Amy , Whitesell Dena , Richard Janelle , Sauer William , Quaye Aurora 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe opioid epidemic has resulted in increased opioid‐related critical care admissions, presenting challenges in acute pain management. Limited guidance exists in the management of critically ill patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). This narrative review provides the intensive care unit clinician with guidance and treatment options, including nonopioid analgesia, for patients receiving medications for OUD and for patients actively misusing opioids. Verification and continuation of the patient's outpatient medications for OUD regimen, specifically buprenorphine and methadone formulations; assessment of pain and opioid withdrawal; and treatment of acute pain with nonopioid analgesia, nonpharmacologic strategies, and short‐acting opioids as needed, are all essential to adequate management of acute pain in patients with OUD. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment and discharge planning in patients with OUD may be beneficial to engage patients with OUD early in their hospital stay to prevent withdrawal, stabilize their OUD, and reduce the risk of unplanned discharge and other associated morbidity.
Clinical Pharmacology of the Dietary Supplement Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa)
Authors: Hartley Chad , Bulloch Marilyn , Penzak Scott R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractKratom (Mitragyna speciosa) consists of over 40 alkaloids, with 2 of them, mitragynine and 7‐OH‐mitragynine (7‐OH‐MG) being the main psychoactive compounds. Mitragynine and 7‐OH‐mitragynine each target opioid receptors and have been referred to asatypical opioids. They exert their pharmacologic effects on the mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. In addition, they affect adrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic pathways. Kratom has been touted as an inexpensive, legal alternative to standard opioid replacement therapy such as methadone and buprenorphine. Other uses for kratom include chronic pain, attaining a “legal high,” and numerous central nervous system disorders, including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Kratom induces analgesia and mild euphoria, with a lower risk of respiratory depression or adverse central nervous system effects compared to traditional opioid medications. Nonetheless, kratom has been associated with both physical and psychological dependence, with some individuals experiencing classic opioid withdrawal symptoms upon abrupt cessation. Kratom use has been linked to serious adverse effects, including liver toxicity, seizures, and death. These risks are often compounded by polysubstance abuse. Further, kratom may potentiate the toxicity of coadministered medications through modulation of cytochrome P450, P‐glycoprotein, and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase enzymes. In 2016, the US Drug Enforcement Administration took steps to classify kratom as a federal schedule 1 medication; however, due to public resistance, this plan was set aside. Until studies are conducted that define kratom's role in treating opioid withdrawal and/or other central nervous system conditions, kratom will likely remain available as a dietary supplement for the foreseeable future.
Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of lipophilic N,N′‐bis‐substituted triazolium salts
Authors: Wilson Julie A. , Lin Zi Jie , Rodriguez Isabelle , Ta Thong , Martz Luke , Fico Dominic , Johnson Shanina S. , Gorden John D. , Shelton Kerri L. , King Lauren B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA series of N,N′‐bis‐substituted triazolium salts have been synthesized using 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole, 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole, and 1H‐1,2,3‐benzotriazole. Synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities against a panel of representative ESKAPE pathogens, which are common culprits of hospital‐acquired bacterial infections. Compounds 7 and 12 displayed significant antimicrobial activities against all pathogens including a vancomycin‐resistant strain of Enterococcus faecium and a multidrug resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, the structure activity relationship of N,N′‐bis‐substituted triazolium salts revealed a potential selectivity of gram‐positive or gram‐negative bacteria based on the heterocycle center. Thus, N,N′‐bis‐substituted triazolium salts exhibit potent antimicrobial properties against multiple ESKAPE bacterial pathogens which warrants a further investigation of their biological activities.
Dental topographic and three‐dimensional geometric morphometric analysis of carnassialization in different clades of carnivorous mammals (Dasyuromorphia, Carnivora, Hyaenodonta)
Authors: Lang Andreas Johann , Engler Thomas , Martin Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe evolution of carnassial teeth in mammals, especially in the Carnivora, has been subject of many morphometric and some dental topographic studies. Here, we use a combination of dental topographic analysis (Dirichlet normal energy) and 3D geometric morphometrics of less and high carnassialized lower teeth of carnivoran, dasyuromorph and hyaenodont taxa. Carnassial crown curvature, as indicated by Dirichlet normal energy, is high in lesser carnassialized teeth and low in higher carnassialized teeth, where it is influenced by the reduction of crown features such as cusps and crests. PC1 of the geometric morphometric analysis is linked to enlargement of the carnassial blade, reduction of the talonid crushing basin and an increasingly asymmetric cervix line with an enlarged mesial flexure in more carnassialized teeth. Distribution of PC1 values further indicates that along the tooth row of dasyuromorphs (m2–m4) and hyaenodonts (m1–m3) the most distal carnassial is the most carnassialized (principal carnassial), and in most taxa with overall higher carnassialized teeth, carnassialization successively increases from the anterior to the posterior tooth position along the tooth row. PC2 indicates that a longitudinal elongated carnassial is present in caniforms and in unspecialized feliforms, which separates these taxa in morphospace from all dasyuromorphs, hyaenodonts and specialized feliforms. An ancestral state reconstruction shows that this longitudinal elongation may be a plesiomorphic ancestral state for the Carnivora, which is different from the Dasyuromorphia and the Hyaenodonta. This elongation, enabling the presence of a longitudinally aligned carnassial blade as well as a complete talonid basin, might have provided the Carnivora with an advantage in terms of adaptive versatility.
TGF‐beta pathway inhibition as the therapeutic acceleration of diabetic bone regeneration
Authors: Becerikli Mustafa , Reinkemeier Felix , Dadras Mehran , Wallner Christoph , Wagner Johannes M. , Drysch Marius , Sogorski Alexander , von Glinski Maxi , Lehnhardt Marcus , Hahn Stephan A. , Behr Björn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBone regeneration and fracture healing are impaired in diabetic patients due to defective functions of associated cells. Thus, the search for molecular causes and new treatment strategies are of particular clinical relevance. We investigated the gene expression profile of bones from type 2 diabetic (db−/db−) mice and wild‐type (wt) mice by comparative microarray analyses before and after placing tibial defects and examined the expression of several osteogenesis‐ and osteoclastogenesis‐related markers by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. In regenerating wt bones, pathways related to, for example, inhibition of matrix metalloproteases were activated, whereas in db−/db− bones activation of pathways related to, for example, osteoarthritis, transforming growth factor‐beta (Tgfb), or hypoxia‐inducible factor 1a were detected during regeneration. We defined the Tgfb pathway as a potential therapeutic target and locally applied a single dose (0.5 µg) of the Tgfb 1, 2, and 3 neutralizing antibody 1D11 on tibial defects in db−/db− mice (n = 7). Seven days postoperation, histological and immunohistochemical stainings were performed. Decreased bone regeneration, osteogenic differentiation, osteoclast invasion, and angiogenesis in db−/db− mice were significantly restored by local 1D11 application in comparison to the phosphate‐buffered saline controls. Thus, local treatment of db−/db− bony defects with Tgfb neutralizing antibody 1D11 might be considered a good candidate for the successful acceleration of bone regeneration.
Changes in the component sugar and immunostimulating activity of polysaccharides isolated from Dendrobium officinale in the pretreatments
Authors: Jo Kyungae , Kim Singeun , Yu Kwang‐Won , Chung Young Bae , Kim Woo Jung , Suh Hyung Joo , Kim Hoon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo isolate polysaccharides with enhanced immunostimulatory activity from Dendrobium officinale, which is used as a herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia, D. officinale (DO) was pretreated with organic solvents (DOOS) or puffing at 7.5 and 9.0 kgf (7.5DO and 9DO). Hot‐water extracts (DOOS‐HW, 7.5DO‐HW and 9DO‐HW) were prepared from each pretreated DO, along with non‐pretreated DO, and crude polysaccharides (DO‐CP, DOOS‐CP, 7.5DO‐CP and 9DO‐CP) were fractionated from each hot‐water extract using ethanol (five volumes).RESULTSWhen their immunostimulatory activities were compared by macrophage stimulation and intestinal immune system modulation via Peyer's patches, DOOS‐CP showed more potent activity than DO‐CP. However, crude polysaccharides fractionated from puffed DO showed significantly lower activity than non‐puffed DO and DOOS. The most active polysaccharide contained 95% or more neutral sugar, and the composition ratio of mannose and glucose was 3.0, whereas the lowest polysaccharide content was 2.0 or less. In addition, DOOS‐CP was a somewhat refined fraction containing a major peak, representing a molecular weight of 250 kDa, despite being a crude polysaccharide.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that pretreatment of D. officinale with organic solvents may enhance the immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides and affect the mannose/glucose ratio of polysaccharides, which plays an important role in immunostimulation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of moisture‐controlled packaging treatment with acid‐modified expanded vermiculite–calcium chloride on the quality of fresh mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) during low‐temperature storage
Authors: Boonsiriwit Athip , Xiao Yao , Kathuria Ajay , Lee Youn Suk 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDFresh mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) are highly perishable and easily lose quality during storage. The packaging system can retard the deterioration of fresh mushrooms. However, water vapor transmission rates of commodity plastic films are lower than the transpiration rate of mushrooms, resulting in increased moisture condensation in the package and perishability of mushrooms due to microbial growth. A possible solution for controlling the humidity level in the package is to use a hygroscopic material. Acid leaching can improve the chemical and physical properties of expanded vermiculite (EV). The aim of this study was to develop a novel hygroscopic agent from acidified expanded vermiculite (AEV) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) that has a high moisture absorption capacity and maintains a powdered form in the packaging system for fresh mushrooms.RESULTSOur findings revealed that leaching EV with hydrochloric acid increased porosity and hydrophilicity. The combination of AEV:CaCl2 at 6:4 (w/w, AEV/CS40) showed the highest moisture adsorption capacity at 1.724 ± 0.03 g water per gram of material. Then, 1.55 g of AEV/CS40 was applied to the mushroom packaging and stored at 4 °C. The results indicated that AEV/CS40 could delay mushroom deterioration in terms of color change, firmness, pH, total soluble solids, and microbial growth.CONCLUSIONThe study findings indicate that the alternative solid hygroscopic material obtained by combining AEV with CaCl2 has potential for use as a hygroscopic material for preserving the quality of white button mushrooms. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluation of the nutritional value of faba beans with high and low tannin content for use as feed for ruminants
Authors: Xin Hangshu , Khan Nazir A , Yu Peiqiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDFaba bean varieties with low or zero tannin content have been developed in Canada to overcome the negative effects of condensed tannins on the utilization by ruminants of crude protein (CP) and starch. However, their nutritional value has not been evaluated for incorporation in dairy rations. The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) the chemical profile; (ii) the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) protein and carbohydrate subfractions; (iii) the energy values; (iv) the ruminal, intestinal, and total digestibility of CP; (v) the metabolizable protein (MP) supply to dairy cows; and (vi) the protein‐inherent molecular spectral characteristics of brown‐seeded (var. Fatima) faba beans with high tannin content and yellow‐seeded (var. Snowbird) faba beans with low tannin content.RESULTSThe results revealed that Fatima beans had higher (P < 0.001) CP content than Snowbird (324 versus 295 g kg−1 dry matter (DM)), and lower (P < 0.01) starch content than Snowbird (411 g kg−1 DM versus 444 g kg−1 DM). Fatima had a lower (P = 0.001) soluble subfraction (201 g kg−1 DM versus 220 g kg−1 DM) and higher (P < 0.05) slowly degradable fiber‐bounded (24.9 g kg−1 DM versus 14.7 g kg−1 DM) and non‐degradable (3.24 g kg−1 DM versus 0 g kg−1 DM) CNCPS CP subfractions than Snowbird. Fatima had higher (P = 0.03) MP content (117 g kg−1 DM versus 111 g kg−1 DM) and metabolizable energy content (ME) 3.12 Mcal kg−1versus 3.10 Mcal kg−1) than Snowbird. Molecular spectral intensities of amide I and II proteins (height and area) of Fatima were higher (P < 0.05) than those of Snowbird, reflecting their higher CP content. The ratio of protein spectral intensities, the amide I : amide II height ratio, and the α‐helix : β‐sheet height ratio differed (P < 0.05) between the two types of bean, highlighting differences in their inherent protein molecular structures.CONCLUSIONThe (Fatima) faba beans with high condensed tannin content had higher MP and ME content. On average, both Faba beans had higher ME and MP content than barley grains, highlighting their promising nutritional value for dairy rations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Healthy eating – a modifiable contributor to optimize healthy living in the COVID‐19 pandemic: a review
Authors: Chatterjee Poulomi , Nirgude Abhay , Chatterjee Pratik Kumar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe outbreak of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in 2019 has posed major risks to global health and the economy. This coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has changed many of our everyday habits, including how we function and socialize, how we eat, and food preferences and selection. The average intake and status of certain vitamins and minerals can result in reduced immunity, which makes people more susceptible to illnesses and exacerbates malnutrition. The most critical factors in this scenario are individual risk evaluation and management techniques. Until general therapies are administered, the nutritional status of each infected patient should be assessed. The differing clinical severity of COVID‐19 – from asymptomatic, to mild, to severe, to death – depends on the different metabolic status of the hosts who have contracted the virus, which is determined by their diet, age, gender, health, lifestyle, and environmental factors. A broad systematic exploration on studies of this disease was steered by means of electronic databases and was limited to articles published in English (or with an English abstract) in publications using words like ‘health’, ‘diet’, ‘food’, ‘nutritional status’, ‘COVID‐19’, ‘pandemic’, ‘modifiable contributor’, ‘immune system’, ‘micronutrients’, ‘vitamin’, and so on. Careful individual consideration of the potential dietary, nutritional, medical, lifestyle, and environmental hazards, along with any supplementation with micronutrients wherever required to help to boost the body's natural defence system, with the intention to improve all levels of immunity and the use of effective risk management techniques are appropriate ways to handle the COVID‐19 pandemic. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Trichoderma‐primed rice straw alters structural and functional properties of sodic soil
Authors: Tandon Ashmita , Anshu Anshu , Kumar Sanjeev , Yadav Udit , Mishra Shashank Kumar , Srivastava Suchi , Chauhan Puneet S. , Srivastava Pankaj Kumar , Bahadur Lal , Shirke Pramod Arvind , Srivastava Manjoosha , Tewari Shri Krishna , Singh Poonam C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSodic soil is increasing due to intensive cropping and imbalanced use of agrochemicals. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to reduce the soil sodicity in agricultural fields using sustainable resources. The ‘microbe–residue–soil’ interaction is hypothesized to foster the structural and functional changes during sodic soil reclamation. To elucidate the hypothesis, rice straw (RS) assimilation in sodic soil was instated in the presence of synergistically interacting Trichoderma koningiopsis NBRI‐PR5 (PR5) and T. asperellum NBRI‐K14 (K14) consortium. The interaction of the ‘microbe‐residue‐soil’ was investigated in‐vitro and in sodic fields. Our studies included estimation of soil physicochemical properties, enzymes, CO2 efflux using LI‐COR, microbial population, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier‐transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The compatibility and synergism of PR5 assisted the K14 to produce laccase enzyme at high pH condition (pH 8) to degrade RS in sodic soil. For in vitro and field applications, Trichoderma were colonized on RS (TrichoRS) and applied at 25 t ha−1. Impact of TrichoRS on soil was evident from decreased soil pH (9.6 to 7.8), exchangeable sodium percent (19.6 to 9.9%), increased soil porosity (~53% from 38%), and cation exchange capacity (~twofold). The FTIR showed differences in the stretching of O‐H bonds at 3750–34500 cm−1 indicating the presence of more kaolinite‐type silicates after TrichoRS amendment. Field application of TrichoRS increased the total organic carbon and water‐holding capacity from 0.37% to 1.3% and 34% to 57%, respectively. Increased microbes and urease, protease, and phosphatase activity by 2.72‐, 0.94‐, and 0.88‐times, respectively, ensured nutrient availability. The improved soil properties and ~ 30% increased production justify the hypothesis in providing sustainable reclamation solution for reviving fertility of sodic and intensively cultivated fields.
A rigidity theorem at the boundary for holomorphic mappings with values in finite dimensional bounded symmetric domains
Authors: Hamada Hidetaka , Kohr Gabriela 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLet be a bounded symmetric domain realized as the open unit ball of a finite dimensional JB*‐triple X. In this paper, we obtain a rigidity theorem at the boundary for holomorphic mappings from a balanced domain G in a complex Banach space E into . We also obtain a rigidity theorem at the boundary for holomorphic self‐mappings of . Our results give generalizations of the recent results obtained on the Euclidean unit ball or the unit polydisc in .
Comparison of SAR distribution of hip and knee implantable devices in 1.5T conventional cylindrical‐bore and 1.2T open‐bore vertical MRI systems
Authors: Fujimoto Kyoko , Zaidi Tayeb A. , Lampman David , Guag Joshua W. , Etheridge Shawn , Habara Hideta , Rajan Sunder S. 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThere is increasing use of open‐bore vertical MR systems that consist of two planar RF coils. A recent study showed that the RF‐induced heating of a neuromodulation device was much lower in the open‐bore system at the brain and the chest imaging landmarks. This study focused on the hip and knee implants and compared the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution in human models in a 1.2T open‐bore coil with that of a 1.5T conventional birdcage coil.MethodsComputational modeling results were compared against the measurement values using a saline phantom. The differences in RF exposure were examined between a 1.2T open‐bore coil and a 1.5T conventional birdcage coil using SAR in an anatomical human model.ResultsModeling setups were validated. The body placed closed to the coil elements led to high SAR values in the birdcage system compared with the open‐bore system.ConclusionOur computational modeling showed that the 1.2T planar system demonstrated a lower intensity of SAR distribution adjacent to hip and knee implants compared with the 1.5T conventional birdcage system.