bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a groundwater quality index: GWQI, for the aquifers of the state of Bahia, Brazil using multivariable analyses
Authors: Barbosa Filho José , de Oliveira Iara Brandão 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work elaborated a groundwater quality index—GWQI, for the aquifers of the state of Bahia, Brazil, using multivariable analyses. Data from 600 wells located in the four hydrogeological domains: sedimentary, crystalline, karstic, and metasedimentary, were subjected to exploratory statistical analysis, and 22 out of 26 parameters were subjected to multivariable analysis using Statistica (Version 7.0). From the PCA, 5 factors were sufficient to participate in the index, due to sufficient explanation of the cumulative variance. The matrix of factorial loads (for 1–5 factors) indicated 9 parameters related to water quality and 4 hydrological, with factor loads above ± 0.50, to be part of the hierarchical cluster analysis. The dendrogram allowed to choose the 5 parameters related to groundwater quality, to participate in the GWQI (hardness, total residue, sulphate, fluoride and iron). From the multivariable analyses, three parameters from a previous index—NGWQI, were not selected for the GWQI: chloride (belongs to the hardness hierarchical group); pH (insignificant factor load); and nitrate (significant factor load only for 6 factors), also, not a regionalized variable. From the set of communality values (5 factors), the degree of relevance of each parameter was extracted. Based on these values, were determined the relative weights (wi) for the parameters. Using similar WQI-NSF formulation, a product of quality grades raised to a power, which is the weight of importance of each variable, the GWQI values were calculated. Spatialization of 1369 GWQI values, with the respective colors, on the map of the state of Bahia, revealed good correlation between the groundwater quality and the index quality classification. According to the literature on water quality indexing, the GWQI developed here, using emerging technologies, is a mathematical tool developed as specific index, as it was derived using limits for drinking water. This new index was tailored to represent the quality of the groundwater of the four hydrogeological domains of the state of Bahia. Although it has a regionalized application, its development, using, factor analysis, principal component analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis, participates of the new trend for WQI development, which uses rational, rather than subjective assessment. The GWQI is a successful index due to its ability to represent the groundwater quality of the state of Bahia, using a single mathematical formulation, the same five parameters, and unique weight for each parameter.
Identification of aroma compounds in a commonly prescribed oral nutritional supplement and associated changes in olfactory abilities with human ageing
Authors: Lester Sophie , Cornacchia Leonardo , Corbier Camille , Taylor Moira A. , Ayed Charfedinne , Yang Ni , Lim Mui , Linforth Rob , Fisk Ian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUndernutrition is prevalent in the older adult population. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are a clinically effective nutritional intervention, however, patient acceptance of ONS can be limited by their palatability. While sensory attributes such as sweetness and mouthfeel have been investigated, the contribution made by aroma to the perceived flavour of ONS has not been studied. Firstly, this research aimed to identify the aroma active compounds within a commonly prescribed ONS using estimated odour activity values (OAV) and gas chromatography olfactometry mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS). Secondly, age related differences in olfactory detection were explored. Eight aroma active compounds were identified within the ONS, including diacetyl (sweet), isoamyl acetate (banana), dimethyl trisulfide (sulfur) and methanethiol (sulfur). When compared with younger adults (n = 24, 18–44 years), older adults (n = 24, 62–80 years) had higher detection thresholds for all aroma compounds and this was significant for isoamyl acetate (sweet, fruity) and methanethiol (sulfur) (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03, respectively). Thus, a decline in olfactory sensitivity was present in the older subjects included in the study, and this reduced detection sensitivity was aroma specific. Thus, older adults’ flavour perception of ONS likely depends on the combined effect of product factors (the aroma profile) along with age related consumer factors (the degree of impairment in perception). This is a fundamental study which will aid future research into how the aroma profile, and associated age related impairments in perception, shape the global perception of ONS for nutritionally at risk older individuals.
The determinants of lipid profiles in early adolescence in a Ugandan birth cohort
Authors: Koopman Jan Pieter R. , Lule Swaib A. , Zziwa Christopher , Akurut Hellen , Lubyayi Lawrence , Nampijja Margaret , Akello Florence , Balungi Priscilla , Tumusiime Josephine , Oduru Gloria , Elliott Alison M. , Webb Emily L. , Bradley John 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDyslipidaemia in adolescence tracks into adulthood and is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Little is known about the effects of environmental exposures and early-life exposure to infectious diseases common to tropical regions on lipids. In 1119 early adolescent participants in the Entebbe Mother and Baby Study, we used linear regression to examine whether prenatal, childhood or adolescent factors are associated with lipid levels. Reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and elevated triglyceride levels were common (prevalence 31% and 14%, respectively), but elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or total cholesterol (TC) were rare. Current malaria infection was associated with lower mean LDL (adjusted ß − 0.51; 95% CI − 0.81, − 0.21), HDL (adjusted ß − 0.40; 95% CI − 0.56, − 0.23), and TC levels (adjusted ß − 0.62; 95% CI − 0.97, − 0.27), but higher mean triglyceride levels (geometric mean ratio (GMR) 1.47; 95% CI 1.18–1.84). Early-life asymptomatic malaria was associated with modest reductions in HDL and TC. Body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with LDL, TC, and triglycerides. No associations with helminth infection were found. Our findings suggest that early-life factors have only marginal effects on the lipid profile. Current malaria infection and BMI are strongly associated with lipids and important to consider when trying to improve the lipid profile.
A numerical frame work of magnetically driven Powell-Eyring nanofluid using single phase model
Authors: Jamshed Wasim , Eid Mohamed R. , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Nasir Nor Ain Azeany Mohd , Edacherian Abhilash , Saleel C. Ahamed , Vijayakumar V. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe current investigation aims to examine heat transfer as well as entropy generation analysis of Powell-Eyring nanofluid moving over a linearly expandable non-uniform medium. The nanofluid is investigated in terms of heat transport properties subjected to a convectively heated slippery surface. The effect of a magnetic field, porous medium, radiative flux, nanoparticle shapes, viscous dissipative flow, heat source, and Joule heating are also included in this analysis. The modeled equations regarding flow phenomenon are presented in the form of partial-differential equations (PDEs). Keller-box technique is utilized to detect the numerical solutions of modeled equations transformed into ordinary-differential equations (ODEs) via suitable similarity conversions. Two different nanofluids, Copper-methanol (Cu-MeOH) as well as Graphene oxide-methanol (GO-MeOH) have been taken for our study. Substantial results in terms of sundry variables against heat, frictional force, Nusselt number, and entropy production are elaborate graphically. This work’s noteworthy conclusion is that the thermal conductivity in Powell-Eyring phenomena steadily increases in contrast to classical liquid. The system’s entropy escalates in the case of volume fraction of nanoparticles, material parameters, and thermal radiation. The shape factor is more significant and it has a very clear effect on entropy rate in the case of GO-MeOH nanofluid than Cu-MeOH nanofluid.
A highly-sensitive genetically encoded temperature indicator exploiting a temperature-responsive elastin-like polypeptide
Authors: Vu Cong Quang , Fukushima Shun-ichi , Wazawa Tetsuichi , Nagai Takeharu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGenetically encoded temperature indicators (GETIs) allow for real-time measurement of subcellular temperature dynamics in live cells. However, GETIs have suffered from poor temperature sensitivity, which may not be sufficient to resolve small heat production from a biological process. Here, we develop a highly-sensitive GETI, denoted as ELP-TEMP, comprised of a temperature-responsive elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) fused with a cyan fluorescent protein (FP), mTurquoise2 (mT), and a yellow FP, mVenus (mV), as the donor and acceptor, respectively, of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). At elevated temperatures, the ELP moiety in ELP-TEMP undergoes a phase transition leading to an increase in the FRET efficiency. In HeLa cells, ELP-TEMP responded to the temperature from 33 to 40 °C with a maximum temperature sensitivity of 45.1 ± 8.1%/°C, which was the highest ever temperature sensitivity among hitherto-developed fluorescent nanothermometers. Although ELP-TEMP showed sensitivity not only to temperature but also to macromolecular crowding and self-concentration, we were able to correct the output of ELP-TEMP to achieve accurate temperature measurements at a subcellular resolution. We successfully applied ELP-TEMP to accurately measure temperature changes in cells induced by a local heat spot, even if the temperature difference was as small as < 1 °C, and to visualize heat production from stimulated Ca2+ influx in live HeLa cells induced by a chemical stimulation. Furthermore, we investigated temperatures in the nucleus and cytoplasm of live HeLa cells and found that their temperatures were almost the same within the temperature resolution of our measurement. Our study would contribute to better understanding of cellular temperature dynamics, and ELP-TEMP would be a useful GETI for the investigation of cell thermobiology.
Mitochondrial dysfunction associated with autophagy and mitophagy in cerebrospinal fluid cells of patients with delayed cerebral ischemia following subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Youn Dong Hyuk , Kim Youngmi , Kim Bong Jun , Jeong Myeong Seon , Lee Jooeun , Rhim Jong Kook , Kim Heung Cheol , Jeon Jin Pyeong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDecreased mitochondrial membrane potential in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was observed in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accompanied by delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). However, whether abnormal mechanisms of mitochondria are associated with the development of DCI has not been reported yet. Under cerebral ischemia, mitochondria can transfer into the extracellular space. Mitochondrial dysfunction can aggravate neurologic complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether mitochondrial dysfunction might be associated with autophagy and mitophagy in CSF cells to provide possible insight into DCI pathogenesis. CSF samples were collected from 56 SAH patients (DCI, n = 21; and non-DCI, n = 35). We analyzed CSF cells using autophagy and mitophagy markers (DAPK1, BNIP3L, BAX, PINK1, ULK1, and NDP52) via qRT-PCR and western blotting of proteins (BECN1, LC3, and p62). Confocal microscopy and immunogold staining were performed to demonstrate the differentially expression of markers within dysfunctional mitochondria. Significant induction of autophagic flux with accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, increased expression of BECN1, LC3-II, and p62 degradation were observed during DCI. Compared to non-DCI patients, DCI patients showed significantly increased mRNA expression levels (2−ΔCt) of DAPK1, BNIP3L, and PINK1, but not BAX, ULK1, or NDP52. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that Hunt and Hess grade ≥ IV (p = 0.023), DAPK1 (p = 0.003), and BNIP3L (p = 0.039) were related to DCI. Increased mitochondrial dysfunction associated with autophagy and mitophagy could play an important role in DCI pathogenesis.
Food intake precipitates seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Tényi Dalma , Janszky József , Jeges Sára , Schulze-Bonhage Andreas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVarious factors have been considered as potential seizure precipitants. We here assessed the temporal association of food intake and seizure occurrence, and characteristics of seizures and epilepsy syndromes involved. 596 seizures from 100 consecutive patients undergoing long-term video-EEG monitoring were analyzed. Preictal periods of 60 min were assessed as to the occurrence of food intake, and latencies between food intake and seizure onset were analyzed. Seizures of temporal origin were highly significantly more frequently preceded by food intake compared to those of extratemporal origin; and were associated with shorter food intake-seizure latency. Seizure precipitation by food intake showed male predominance. Shorter food intake-seizure latency was associated with less severe seizures and less frequent contralateral spread of epileptic discharges. We here show for the first time that not only in specific rare reflex epilepsies but in the most frequent form of focal epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy, seizures are significantly precipitated by food intake. Seizure occurrence was increased over a period of up to one hour following food intake, and remained more localized in terms of both ictal EEG spread and as reflected by seizure severity. This finding supports the emerging concepts of ictogenesis, implying a continuum between reflex and spontaneous seizures—instead a dichotomy between them.
Depression symptoms as longitudinal predictors of the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in hypertensive patients
Authors: D’Addario Marco , Zanatta Francesco , Adorni Roberta , Greco Andrea , Fattirolli Francesco , Franzelli Cristina , Giannattasio Cristina , Steca Patrizia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 has brought considerable changes and caused critical psychological responses, especially among frail populations. So far, researchers have explored the predictive effect of diverse factors on pandemic-related psychological distress, but none have focused on the impact of prior depression and anxiety symptomatology adopting an extended (10-year) longitudinal design. 105 patients aged over 60, affected by hypertension who participated in a previous longitudinal study were assessed through a follow-up telephone structured interview. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) were used for assessing depression and anxiety symptoms and the psychological impact of COVID-19, respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. At the assessment, participants did not report clinically relevant depression, anxiety, and psychological pandemic-related distress symptoms. However, significant mean differences between baseline and current follow-up evaluations for both depression and anxiety were found, reflecting a decrease in symptomatology over time (p < .001). Baseline depression symptoms (β = 1.483, p = .005) significantly predicted the psychological impact of COVID-19 after 10 years. Conversely, their decrease (β = −1.640, p < .001) and living with others (β = −7.274, p = .041) significantly contributed to lower psychological distress scores. Our findings provide insight into the predisposing influence of depressive symptoms on pandemic-related psychological distress ten years later. Preventive interventions and strategies considering these factors are needed to better pre-empt the severe mental consequences of the pandemic.
Implementation of a multisite, interdisciplinary remote patient monitoring program for ambulatory management of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Coffey Jordan D. , Christopherson Laura A. , Glasgow Amy E. , Pearson Kristina K. , Brown Julie K. , Gathje Shelby R. , Sangaralingham Lindsey R. , Carmona Porquera Eva M. , Virk Abinash , Orenstein Robert , Speicher Leigh L. , Bierle Dennis M. , Ganesh Ravindra , Cox Debra L. , Blegen R. Nicole , Haddad Tufia C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEstablished technology, operational infrastructure, and nursing resources were leveraged to develop a remote patient monitoring (RPM) program for ambulatory management of patients with COVID-19. The program included two care-delivery models with different monitoring capabilities supporting variable levels of patient risk for severe illness. The primary objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and safety of a multisite RPM program for management of acute COVID-19 illness. We report an evaluation of 7074 patients served by the program across 41 US states. Among all patients, the RPM technology engagement rate was 78.9%. Rates of emergency department visit and hospitalization within 30 days of enrollment were 11.4% and 9.4%, respectively, and the 30-day mortality rate was 0.4%. A multisite RPM program for management of acute COVID-19 illness is feasible, safe, and associated with a low mortality rate. Further research and expansion of RPM programs for ambulatory management of other acute illnesses are warranted.
In situ imaging reveals disparity between prostaglandin localization and abundance of prostaglandin synthases
Authors: Duncan Kyle D. , Sun Xiaofei , Baker Erin S. , Dey Sudhansu K. , Lanekoff Ingela 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProstaglandins are important lipids involved in mediating many physiological processes, such as allergic responses, inflammation, and pregnancy. However, technical limitations of in-situ prostaglandin detection in tissue have led researchers to infer prostaglandin tissue distributions from localization of regulatory synthases, such as COX1 and COX2. Herein, we apply a novel mass spectrometry imaging method for direct in situ tissue localization of prostaglandins, and combine it with techniques for protein expression and RNA localization. We report that prostaglandin D2, its precursors, and downstream synthases co-localize with the highest expression of COX1, and not COX2. Further, we study tissue with a conditional deletion of transformation-related protein 53 where pregnancy success is low and confirm that PG levels are altered, although localization is conserved. Our studies reveal that the abundance of COX and prostaglandin D2 synthases in cellular regions does not mirror the regional abundance of prostaglandins. Thus, we deduce that prostaglandins tissue localization and abundance may not be inferred by COX or prostaglandin synthases in uterine tissue, and must be resolved by an in situ prostaglandin imaging.
Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO and HCO2− with Zn(ii) complexes displaying cooperative ligand reduction
Authors: Berro Patrick , Norouziyanlakvan Somayeh , Rao Gyaneshwar Kumar , Gabidullin Bulat , Richeson Darrin 
Published: August 2021

Air-stable zinc(ii) complexes, [Zn(κ2-2,6-{Ph2PNMe}2(NC5H3))Br2] (1) and [Zn(κ2-2-{Ph2PNMe}(NC5H3))Br2] (2) are reported and 1 was capable of electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 at −2.3 V vs. Fc+/0 to give CO/HCO2H in mixed H2O/acetonitrile solutions.
A fuzzy adaptive admittance controller for force tracking in an uncertain contact environment
Authors: Li Zhisen , Huang Hailin , Song Xiaogang , Xu Wenfu , Li Bing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTraditional constant admittance controller (CAC) in uncertain contact environment is highly dependent on environmental location and stiffness, which are always difficult to obtain in most applications. To address this problem, a fuzzy adaptive admittance controller (FAAC) based on fuzzy inference rules is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an adaptive admittance controller (AAC) that can compensate for the admittance parameters in real time based on force error information is proposed. Secondly, a fuzzy logic loop is introduced into the adaptive term of the AAC system to reduce the overshoot when force tracking, thus creating the FAAC. The detailed design method of FAAC is presented, and the stability conditions are analysed. Finally, simulations and experiments are conducted in several dynamic environments to demonstrate the force tracking performance of the proposed controller.
Consensus problems in multiagent systems: A vector based contraction approach
Authors: Singh Bhawana , Xiong Xiaogang , Kamal Shyam , Ghosh Debdas , Ghosh Sandip 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses the exploitation of vector based contraction theory to synchronize the motion of agents in multiagent systems. The convergence analysis of the agents using this theory provides a flexible frame as the components of a vector distance norm follow less stringent conditions than classical contraction analysis. The key feature is that it encompasses the formulation of some comparison system, as a result, the problem of convergence analysis of a complex multiagent system reduces to the convergence analysis of a much simpler comparison system. Hence, despite the nonlinearities, the methods of designing consensus controls remain simple as compared to the existing literature. We address four different cases: 1) consensus of third‐order dynamics multiagent systems subjected to acceleration and input constraints; 2) consensus of multiagent systems with heterogeneous nodes under communication imperfections; 3) synchronization of multiagent systems with connected and disconnected switching topologies; 4) synchronization in networked systems with time‐varying couplings. Moreover, an effective synchronization control scheme for a class of multiagent systems with underactuated agent dynamics is developed using the method of aggregation of comparison systems. Finally, simulation results are illustrated that show the validity of the mathematical results.
High‐voltage frequency domain spectroscopy analysis of a thermally aged XLPE submarine cable under continuous and cyclic voltage based on carrier transport and polarisation characteristics
Authors: Dai Xize , Hao Jian , Jian Zheng , Liao Ruijin , Zheng Xinlong , Zhang Yiyi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn order to ensure the safe operation of submarine cables, it is of great significance to analyse the insulation state of submarine cables from the perspectives of microstructure, carrier transport characteristics and macroscopic dielectric properties. In this study, based on the high‐voltage frequency domain spectroscopy (HV‐FDS) measurement system, HV‐FDS experiments of fresh and thermally aged submarine cables were carried out under continuous (0.5, 2, 4 and 10 kV) and cyclic (2‐10‐2 kV) applied alternating voltages. Then, combining the changes of the microstructure structure of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation, the aggregate structure deterioration model of XLPE was proposed to discuss the physical mechanism of HV‐FDS characteristics of submarine cables under different voltages and insulation states. Results show that the HV‐FDS characteristics of submarine cables have significant voltage dependence under continuous voltage excitation. The HV‐FDS of submarine cables show memory characteristics under cyclic voltage excitation. Compared with the fresh submarine cable, the thermally aged submarine cable shows more significant voltage dependence and memory characteristics of HV‐FDS. The memory characteristics of HV‐FDS are mainly determined by the carriers transport and the interfacial polarisation caused by the accumulation of polar particles at the electrode/dielectric interface. This study covers the correlation mechanism among the microstructure, carrier transport and macroscopic HV‐FDS properties of submarine cable insulation, which lays a foundation for further research and condition evaluation of submarine cables.