bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of triple antibiotic paste pulp therapy compared to Vitapex pulpectomy in non‐vital primary molars
Authors: Sijini Ohoud T. , Sabbagh Heba J. , Baghlaf Khlood K. , Bagher Amina M. , El‐housseiny Azzah A. , Alamoudi Najlaa M. , Bagher Sara M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study compared and evaluated the clinical and radiographic efficacy of non‐instrumentation triple antibiotic paste pulp therapy and Vitapex pulpectomy in non‐vital primary molars.Material and MethodsHealthy, 5–9 years old children with at least one non‐vital primary molar were included in the study. Molars were divided into two groups based on the subject's cooperation level. In the first group, molars received triple antibiotic paste, and a second group received Vitapex pulpectomy followed by a stainless‐steel crown. Triple antibiotic paste was freshly prepared and proportioned in equal parts by volume (metronidazole, minocycline, and ciprofloxacin = 1:1:1) before the scheduled treatment. A clinical and radiographic examination was performed by two trained and calibrated pediatric dentists at the pre‐operative baseline and the 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up visits.ResultsA total of 28 molars received triple antibiotic paste pulp therapy and 20 received Vitapex pulpectomy. At the 6‐month follow‐up, the success rate among the molars in the triple antibiotic paste group was clinically (92.85%) and radiographically (85.71%) higher compared to the Vitapex group (91.67%, 62.50% respectively) withp = 0.89 and 0.55 respectively. At the 12‐month follow‐up, the molars in the triple antibiotic paste group showed lower clinical (95.45%) but higher radiographic success rate (72.73%) compared to the Vitapex group (100% and 62.50%) with (p = 0.85 and 0.47) respectively. None of the differences were statistically significant.ConclusionsBoth triple antibiotic paste and Vitapex can be clinically and radiographically effective in treating non‐vital primary molars.
Halal certification impact on firms' corporate social responsibility disclosure: Evidence from the food & beverage sector in Italy
Authors: Secinaro Silvana , Radwan Maha , Calandra Davide , Biancone Paolo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between Halal certification and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures in Italian food and beverage companies. We employ an explorative method using content analysis, followed by chi‐square test, correlation analysis, and a multivariate regression to address the research objectives. We find a relationship between being a Halal or non‐Halal company and CSR disclosures. Additionally, there is a significant and positive relationship between Halal certified CSR firms' disclosure index and return on investment. The paper reveals that companies with Halal certificates have a greater tendency towards CSR. The results are relevant for academics and practitioners. To the best of our knowledge, our paper strengthens the discussion on halal certification and CSR scientifically. Additionally, our results are useful for practitioners as managers and entrepreneurs, to understand halal certification's value and its link with the environmental, economic and social space.
Corporate social responsibility strategy, sustainable product attributes, and export performance
Authors: Ullah Zeeshan , Arslan Ahmad , Puhakka Vesa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe current article is one of the first studies to address the role of corporate social responsibility strategy (CSRS) in the development of performance‐oriented sustainable product attributes (SPA) mix in manufacturing firms. We specifically analyze whether the extent of SPA development by the firm's CSRS matches SPA contribution in export performance or do firms need to adapt CSRS to develop a performance‐oriented SPA mix. The empirical analysis uses a panel dataset of 433 manufacturing firms from the United States during 2002–2017. The findings reveal the difference between SPA's outcome (contribution) and SPA development in firms. Further analysis of disaggregated SPA explains the reasoning behind this difference because the firm's CSRS' emphasis on developing distinct attributes of SPA tends to mismatch the proportionate contribution of distinct attributes of SPA in export performance. Our study contributes to SPA, CSRS, and export performance literature by establishing the differences in performance contribution and development of aggregated and disaggregated SPA in manufacturing firms.
Systematic Study of Aromatic‐Ring‐Targeted Cycloadditions of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Platform Chemicals
Authors: Averochkin Gleb M. , Gordeev Evgeniy G. , Skorobogatko Matvei K. , Kucherov Fedor A. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe reaction space of the furanics‐to‐aromatics (F2A) conversion process for 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)‐based platform chemicals has been explored both experimentally and by quantum chemistry methods. For the first time, a structure‐activity relationship was established in furan‐yne cycloaddition for a number of different HMF derivatives. Correlations between the activation energy of the cycloaddition stage and the structure of the substrates were established by molecular modeling methods. Analysis of the concerted and stepwise mechanisms of cycloaddition in the singlet and triplet electronic states of the molecular system was carried out. A series of biobased 7‐oxanorbornadienes was obtained in the reaction with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Various methods of aromatization of the obtained [4+2] adducts have been examined. Rearrangement catalyzed by a Lewis acid leads to the formation of a phenol derivative, whereas reduction by diiron nonacarbonyl leads to the formation of functionalized benzene. Systematic study of the cycloaddition process has revealed a simple way to analyze and predict the relative reactivity of furanic substrates.
Optimal sub‐harmonic injection‐locked MICS band transmitter for wireless CW‐fNIRS systems
Authors: Borjkhani Hadi , Setarehdan Seyed Kamaledin , Sheikhaei Samad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPortable and wireless functional near‐infrared spectroscopy is a growing field of research for real‐time monitoring of brain functions. The most critical challenges in this field are the use of low‐power and calibrated circuits. A novel transmitter architecture is proposed to overcome these barriers. This transmitter is low power, capable of being calibrated against process variation, and has a better phase noise and spurious‐free dynamic range (SFDR) at the antenna. Besides that, the transmitter can be calibrated, which is not seen in similar research. In this transmitter, injection locking and frequency calibration lead to having an optimal and low‐power circuit. The circuit is capable of transmitting data with BFSK and OOK modulations in the frequency band of the medical implant communication service (MICS). The transmitter is designed and simulated in a typical CMOS 0.18‐μm technology with a 1‐V power supply. The transmitter's power consumption is around 146 and 123 μW, equal to 5.92 nJ/bit and 246–630 pJ/bit for BFSK and OOK modulations, respectively. The signal's phase noise at the antenna is almost −109 dBc/Hz at 1‐MHz frequency offset.
Enhanced segmentation of label‐free cells for automated migration and interaction tracking
Authors: Belyaev Ivan , Praetorius Jan‐Philipp , Medyukhina Anna , Figge Marc Thilo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn biomedical research, the migration behavior of cells and interactions between various cell types are frequently studied subjects. An automated and quantitative analysis of time‐lapse microscopy data is an essential component of these studies, especially when characteristic migration patterns need to be identified. Plenty of software tools have been developed to serve this need. However, the majority of algorithms is designed for fluorescently labeled cells, even though it is well‐known that fluorescent labels can substantially interfere with the physiological behavior of interacting cells. We here present a fully revised version of our algorithm for migration and interaction tracking (AMIT), which includes a novel segmentation approach. This approach allows segmenting label‐free cells with high accuracy and also enables detecting almost all cells within the field of view. With regard to cell tracking, we designed and implemented a new method for cluster detection and splitting. This method does not rely on any geometrical characteristics of individual objects inside a cluster but relies on monitoring the events of cell–cell fusion from and cluster fission into single cells forward and backward in time. We demonstrate that focusing on these events provides accurate splitting of transient clusters. Furthermore, the substantially improved quantitative analysis of cell migration by the revised version of AMIT is more than two orders of magnitude faster than the previous implementation, which makes it feasible to process video data at higher spatial and temporal resolutions.
Proteolytic degradation patterns of the receptor for advanced glycation end products peptide fragments correlate with their neuroprotective activity in Alzheimer's disease models
Authors: Volpina Olga M. , Koroev Dmitriy O. , Serebryakova Marina V. , Volkova Tatyana D. , Kamynina Anna V. , Bobkova Natalia V. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays an essential role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously demonstrated that a fragment (60–76) of RAGE improved the memory of olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) and Tg 5 × FAD mice – animal models of AD. The peptide analog (60–76) with protected N‐ and C‐terminal groups was more active than the free peptide in Tg 5 × FAD mice. This study investigated proteolytic cleavage of the RAGE fragment (60–76) and its C‐ and N‐terminally modified analog by blood serum using HPLC and mass spectrometry. The modified peptide was proteolyzed slower than the free peptide. Degrading the protected analog resulted in shortened fragments with memory‐enhancing effects, whereas the free peptide yielded inactive fragments. After administering the different peptides to OBX mice, their performance in a spatial memory task revealed that the effective dose of the modified peptide was five times lower than that of the free peptide. HPLC and mass spectrometry analysis of the proteolytic products allowed us to clarify the differences in the neuroprotective activity conferred by administering these two peptides to AD animal models. The current study suggests that the modified RAGE fragment is more promising for the development of anti‐AD therapy than its free analog.
Combining point counts and autonomous recording units improves avian survey efficacy across elevational gradients on two continents
Authors: Drake Anna , de Zwaan Devin R. , Altamirano Tomás A. , Wilson Scott , Hick Kristina , Bravo Camila , Ibarra José Tomás , Martin Kathy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Accurate biodiversity and population monitoring is a requirement for effective conservation decision making. Survey method bias is therefore a concern, particularly when research programs face logistical and cost limitations.

We employed point counts (PCs) and autonomous recording units (ARUs) to survey avian biodiversity within comparable, high elevation, temperate mountain habitats at opposite ends of the Americas: nine mountains in British Columbia (BC), Canada, and 10 in southern Chile. We compared detected species richness against multiyear species inventories and examined method‐specific detection probability by family. By incorporating time costs, we assessed the performance and efficiency of single versus combined methods.

Species accumulation curves indicate ARUs can capture ~93% of species present in BC but only ~58% in Chile, despite Chilean mountain communities being less diverse. The avian community, rather than landscape composition, appears to drive this dramatic difference. Chilean communities contain less‐vocal species, which ARUs missed. Further, 6/13 families in BC were better detected by ARUs, while 11/11 families in Chile were better detected by PCs. Where survey conditions differentially impacted method performance, PCs mostly varied over the morning and with canopy cover in BC, while ARUs mostly varied seasonally in Chile. Within a single year of monitoring, neither method alone was predicted to capture the full avian community, with the exception of ARUs in the alpine and subalpine of BC. PCs contributed little to detected diversity in BC, but including this method resulted in negligible increases in total time costs. Combining PCs with ARUs in Chile significantly increased species detections, again, for little cost.

Combined methods were among the most efficient and accurate approaches to capturing diversity. We recommend conducting point counts, while ARUs are being deployed and retrieved in order to capture additional diversity with minimal additional effort and to flag methodological biases using a comparative framework.
High‐throughput identification of non‐marine Ostracoda from the Tibetan Plateau: Evaluating the success of various primers on sedimentary DNA samples
Authors: Echeverría‐Galindo Paula , Anslan Sten , Frenzel Peter , Künzel Sven , Vences Miguel , Pérez Liseth , Börner Nicole , Kang Wengang , Schwarz Anja , Wang Junbo , Peng Ping , Zhu Liping , Schwalb Antje 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDwelling in a variety of aquatic habitats, one of the most abundant groups of microcrustaceans, ostracodes, are widely used indicator organisms in paleolimnological research. Typically, they are identified via traditional methods using morphological features but this may be excessively time‐consuming and prone to inter‐investigator variation. DNA barcoding and metabarcoding have become important tools for specimen identification, with a great impact in the field of taxonomy, (paleo‐)ecology and evolution. Despite its potential, metabarcoding has been rarely used to analyze the community structure of ostracodes. Here, we evaluate the performance of a metabarcoding approach for ostracode identification in surface sediment samples collected from Lake Nam Co on the Tibetan Plateau. We tested six different primer pairs amplifying fragments of three different genes, and compared their success in inferring ostracode communities, coupled with morphological identification of ostracodes from the same sediment samples. In total, depending on the primer pair used, seven to nineteen ostracode amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were identified. Via microscopy, eight morphospecies were identified. We found considerable differences between primer pairs in yielding ostracode sequences via metabarcoding. In general, the highest proportions of ostracode reads and ASVs were found with primers amplifying fragments of the 18S rRNA gene, whereas primers for COI gene had the highest in silico amplification success and highest sequencing depth per sample but only contained <1% of ostracode sequences. As a consequence, the metabarcoding results with 18S rRNA gene were more consistent with the morphological data compared to those obtained with COI or mitochondrial 16S rRNA primers. No significant effects of treatment with different sediment quantities for DNA extraction (10 g vs. 0.5 g) were found on ostracode ASVs community composition. These results indicate that DNA metabarcoding can serve as an efficient tool for ostracode‐based environmental reconstructions but requires an informed decision on primers and target gene, as well as extending the barcoding database for improved accuracy.
Microwave‐Assisted 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides to [60]Fullerene: Thermodynamic Control of Bis‐Addition with Ionic Liquids Additives
Authors: Martinis Estefanía M. , Montellano Alejandro , Sartorel Andrea , Carraro Mauro , Prato Maurizio , Bonchio Marcella 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe cycloaddition of azomethine ylides to [60]fullerene (C60) has been studied in ortho‐dichlorobenzene (o‐DCB) by evaluating the impact of an ionic liquid (IL) additive. The solvent effect has been addressed by evaluating the activation parameters of the cycloaddition and the boosting effect of the microwave (MW) induced dielectric heating. The IL additive plays a twofold role of stabilizing the dipolar ylide intermediate and favoring the retro‐cycloaddition at high temperature regime. Under the conditions explored, a combined kinetic and thermodynamic preference favors the selective formation of trans bis‐fulleropyrrolidine regioisomers, in agreement with the DFT computational analysis.
Organoids: A new approach in toxicity testing of nanotherapeutics
Authors: Nabi Showkat Ul , Ali Sofi Imtiyaz , Rather Muzafar Ahmad , Sheikh Wajid Mohammad , Altaf Mehvish , Singh Hemant , Mumtaz Peerzada Tajamul , Mishra Narayan Chandra , Nazir Sheikh Uzma , Bashir Showkeen Muzamil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNanotechnology has revolutionized diverse fields, which include agriculture, the consumer market, medicine, and other fields. Widespread use of nanotechnology‐based products has led to increased prevalence of these novel formulations in the environment, which has raised concerns regarding their deleterious effects. The application of nanotechnology‐based formulations into clinical use is hampered by the lack of the availability of effective in vitro systems, which could accurately assess their in vivo toxic effects. A plethora of studies has shown the hazardous effects of nanoparticle‐based formulations in two‐dimensional in vitro cell cultures and animal models. These have some associated disadvantages when used for the evaluation of nano‐toxicity. Organoid technology fills the space between existing two‐dimensional cell line culture and in vivo models. The uniqueness of organoids over other systems for evaluating toxicity caused by nano‐drug formulation includes them being a co‐culture of diverse cell types, dynamic flow within them that simulates the actual flow of nanoparticles within biological systems, extensive cell–cell, cell–matrix interactions, and a tissue‐like morphology. Thus, it mimics the actual tissue microenvironment and, subsequently, provides an opportunity to study drug metabolism and toxico‐dynamics of nanotechnology‐based novel formulations. The use of organoids in the evaluation of nano‐drug toxicity is in its infancy. A limited number of studies conducted so far have shown good predictive value and efficiently significant data correlation with the clinical trials. In this review, we attempt to introduce organoids of the liver, lungs, brain, kidney intestine, and potential applications to evaluate toxicity caused by nanoparticles.
Engaging Latino parents: An outcome evaluation of the Academia de Cultura Latina Para Padres
Authors: Ciro Dianne , Moreno Tanya , Ramos Arely , Wilson Jarilyn , Samayoa Grisel , Barragan Silvia , Rodriguez Yolanda , Chilapa Yolanda , Morales Veronica , Pintor Esther , Robles Carmen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSocial capital interventions have been linked to various health and well‐being outcomes in children and families. This study evaluated the Academia de Cultura Latina Para Padres (ACLP), a grass roots women‐led parent engagement program that aimed to increase its participants' understanding and access to information about their children's education to support their academic success. Cross‐sectional data were collected from 100 Latino caregivers who were on average 40.3 (SD = 12.12) years old, participated in the ACLP program between September and November 2019, and had at least one child or grandchild who attended Rosa Parks Elementary School in San Diego, California. A paired t test and multiple linear regression were conducted to compare the participants' scores on a pretest and posttest. A thematic analysis approach was also used to code participant responses to open‐ended workshop satisfaction questionnaires. Participants scored significantly higher on the posttest after participating in the ACLP program, and although we did not find a significant relationship between the participants' attendance and posttests, we found a significant relationship between their positive ratings of the workshops and posttest scores. Findings from this study can inform future parent involvement programs, strategies for community engagement and practice with Latino caregivers, and research.
Age‐related alterations in muscle architecture are a signature of sarcopenia: the ultrasound sarcopenia index
Authors: Narici Marco , McPhee Jamie , Conte Maria , Franchi Martino V. , Mitchell Kyle , Tagliaferri Sara , Monti Elena , Marcolin Giuseppe , Atherton Philip J. , Smith Kenneth , Phillips Bethan , Lund Jonathan , Franceschi Claudio , Maggio Marcello , Butler‐Browne Gillian S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe assessment of muscle mass is a key determinant of the diagnosis of sarcopenia. We introduce for the first time an ultrasound imaging method for diagnosing sarcopenia based on changes in muscle geometric proportions.MethodsVastus lateralis muscle fascicle length (Lf) and thickness (Tm) were measured at 35% distal femur length by ultrasonography in a population of 279 individuals classified as moderately active elderly (MAE), sedentary elderly (SE) (n = 109), mobility impaired elderly (MIE) (n = 43), and in adult young controls (YC) (n = 60). The ratio of Lf/Tm was calculated to obtain an ultrasound index of the loss of muscle mass associated with sarcopenia (USI). In a subsample of elderly male individuals (n = 76) in which corresponding DXA measurements were available (MAE, n = 52 and SE, n = 24), DXA‐derived skeletal muscle index (SMI, appendicular limb mass/height2) was compared with corresponding USI values.ResultsFor both young and older participants, USI values were found to be independent of sex, height and body mass. USI values were 3.70 ± 0.52 for YC, 4.50 ± 0.72 for the MAE, 5.05 ± 1.11 for the SE and 6.31 ± 1.38 for the MIE, all significantly different between each other (P < 0.0001). Based on the USI Z‐scores, with reference to the YC population, the 219 elderly participants were stratified according to their muscle sarcopenic status. Individuals with USI values within a range of 3.70 < USI ≥ 4.23 were classified as non‐sarcopenic (prevalence 23.7%), those with USI values within 4.23 < USI ≥ 4.76 were classified as pre‐sarcopenic (prevalence 23.7%), those with USI values within 4.76 < USI ≥ 5.29 were classified as moderately sarcopenic (prevalence 15.1%), those with USI values within range 5.29 < USI ≥ 5.82 were classified as sarcopenic (prevalence 27.9%), and those with USI values >5.82 were classified as severely sarcopenic (prevalence 9.6%). The DXA‐derived SMI was found to be significantly correlated with USI (r = 0.61, P < 0.0001). Notably, the USI cut‐off value for moderate sarcopenia (4.76 a.u.) was found to coincide with the DXA cut‐off value of sarcopenia (7.26 kg/m2).ConclusionsWe propose a novel, practical, and inexpensive imaging marker of the loss of muscle mass associated with sarcopenia, called the ultrasound sarcopenic index (USI), based on changes in muscle geometric proportions. These changes provide a useful ‘signature of sarcopenia’ and allow the stratification of individuals according to the presence and severity of muscle sarcopenia. We are convinced that the USI will be a useful clinical tool for confirming the diagnosis of sarcopenia, of which the assessment of muscle mass is a key‐component.