bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permanence des ordres d’enseignement : réseaux, orientation et classes sociales. L’exemple de la formation agricole
Authors: Minassian Laure 
Published: December 2021

Une des conséquences les moins visibles du phénomène de massification scolaire a été de favoriser l’apparition d’un nouveau public dans l’enseignement agricole : les enfants d’ouvriers et employés non agricoles composent aujourd’hui le gros de l’effectif. Historiquement construit de façon binaire sur le modèle primaire-professionnel versus secondaire-supérieur, l’enseignement agricole est aujourd’hui formellement unifié. Pourtant, cette unification formelle cache des fractures réelles, repérables dans les classes de deux écoles situées en Loire-Atlantique et historiquement ancrées dans l’un ou l’autre de ces réseaux. À même niveau de diplôme, dans les filières traditionnellement dédiées aux enfants d’agriculteurs, les enfants d’ouvriers et d’employés s’inscrivent plus volontiers dans l’ancien primaire-professionnel quand les enfants d’agriculteurs s’orientent plus massivement dans l’ancien secondaire-supérieur. Ces orientations sociales et scolaires sont de surcroît justifiées par les élèves par un système de valeurs et de goûts personnels. Dans cette perspective, les pratiques langagières des élèves en entretien constituent un lieu d’observation privilégié pour objectiver in vivo des effets de domination reconduisant les réseaux de scolarisation.
Définir les rituels à l’école maternelle : un paradoxe institutionnel, pédagogique et scientifique
Authors: Briquet-Duhazé Sophie 
Published: December 2021

Le terme « rituels » désigne les règles, les habitudes qui organisent la vie de la classe. Ils sont répétés quotidiennement avec un objectif général qui est celui de la conquête de l’autonomie. Ces rituels sont établis en fonction de plusieurs paramètres : l’espace et le temps, des compétences et des objectifs précis, un matériel à manipuler. Leur répétition s’appuie sur des activités, des mises en situation variées et évolutives où chaque élève contribue à la construction du groupe. Nous nous proposons de questionner ici le paradoxe qui existe entre l’usage massif de ce terme à l’école maternelle et sa quasi-inexistence dans la documentation qu’elle soit officielle, pédagogique ou scientifique.
Les rituels dans la classe de Claire : d’une pédagogie inspirée de TEACCH à celle inspirée du Floor Time : quels changements ?
Authors: Odier-Guedj Delphine 
Published: December 2021

Dans ce texte, j’aborderai le rituel comme « un mouvement corporel avec un début, une fin et une direction précise. Il assigne ainsi une position déterminée aux participants. Les mouvements du corps pendant le rituel provoquent des émotions qui sont par la suite, à l’origine d’une modification de ce rituel » (Wulf, 2003). L’objet de cet article est de questionner la double orientation « créer une stabilité » et « la mettre en mouvement » au travers de l’expérience d’une enseignante en classe spécialisée accueillant des élèves ayant un Trouble Envahissant du Développement (TED)2, accompagnée au long cours lors d’un de mes projets de recherche. Son changement de perspective d’enseignement, lorsqu’elle a quitté une pratique inspirée de l’approche TEACCH3 pour introduire du Floor Time dans sa pédagogie souligne, à plusieurs titres, un glissement de sens à propos des rituels. Après avoir brièvement présenté ce que sont les troubles envahissants du développement et les deux approches utilisées successivement par Claire, je développerai trois aspects liés à ces rituels : la mise en contrainte du corps de l’enfant, l’appropriation d’une temporalité interne, le cadre de l’apprentissage.
Les rituels : des espaces de marge pour construire sa place
Authors: Hatchuel Françoise 
Published: December 2021

L’article distingue les rituels dits « de passage » des rituels d’interaction et des rituels religieux, tout en soulignant leurs points communs : efficacité performative permettant le lien et le passage (vers un nouveau statut, une nouvelle situation, un monde surnaturel) et espaces de marge qui les distinguent des procédures desubjectivantes. Après avoir repéré quelques travaux sur les rituels scolaires, l’auteure se centre, d’une part, sur les rituels d’interaction dans l’apprentissage, d’autre part sur les rituels de passage à l’âge adulte qui garantissent au jeune qu’il a une place dans la société adulte tout en lui offrant une protection pour vivre les émotions qui lui permettront d’occuper cette place. En lien avec la théorisation de la psychanalyste Piera Aulagnier, l’ensemble la conduit à proposer le terme d’« anthropologisation » pour définir le processus qui conduit l’enfant à prendre place dans la société des humains sans forcément savoir quelle fonction il y occupera (processus de socialisation).
Ig Enhancers Increase RNA Polymerase II Stalling at Somatic Hypermutation Target Sequences
Authors: Tarsalainen Alina , Maman Yaakov , Meng Fei-Long , Kyläniemi Minna K , Soikkeli Anni , Budzyńska Paulina , McDonald Jessica J , Šenigl Filip , Alt Frederic W , Schatz David G , Alinikula Jukka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Somatic hypermutation (SHM) drives the genetic diversity of Ig genes in activated B cells and supports the generation of Abs with increased affinity for Ag. SHM is targeted to Ig genes by their enhancers (diversification activators [DIVACs]), but how the enhancers mediate this activity is unknown. We show using chicken DT40 B cells that highly active DIVACs increase the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and Pol II occupancy in the mutating gene with little or no accompanying increase in elongation-competent Pol II or production of full-length transcripts, indicating accumulation of stalled Pol II. DIVAC has similar effect also in human Ramos Burkitt lymphoma cells. The DIVAC-induced stalling is weakly associated with an increase in the detection of ssDNA bubbles in the mutating target gene. We did not find evidence for antisense transcription, or that DIVAC functions by altering levels of H3K27ac or the histone variant H3.3 in the mutating gene. These findings argue for a connection between Pol II stalling and cis-acting targeting elements in the context of SHM and thus define a mechanistic basis for locus-specific targeting of SHM in the genome. Our results suggest that DIVAC elements render the target gene a suitable platform for AID-mediated mutation without a requirement for increasing transcriptional output.
Nurses’ Caring Behavior Based on Personality in Indonesia: A Pilot Study for Better-Humanized Healthcare Services
Authors: Handayani Euis Trisnawati , Kuntarti Kuntarti 
Published: December 2021

Background Caring behavior is influenced by psychological factors, including the characteristics of personality. However, psychological test results for nurses’ recruitment are not optimal for nursing resource development. This study aimed to determine the relationship between personality characteristics and nurses’ caring behavior in hospitals. Design and methods A cross-sectional design was adopted involving 153 nurses of a private hospital in Jakarta selected by convenience sampling technique. Data were also collected from the Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI-24) and Myers-Briggs Type Indicators (MBTI) test results. Statistical analysis using the oneway ANOVA to identify differences in nurses’ CBI scores based on MBTI personality. Results The results study indicate that most of the nurses were traditionalists (75.16%), and the average CBI score (85.43±5.94) was equivalent to 85%, which means that nurses’ caring behavior was good. There were differences in the scores of caring behaviors among personality characteristics; however, these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.320; α=0.05). Furthermore, the post hoc test analysis showed that the conceptualizer nurses had the highest caring behavior score, while the experiencers had the lowest. Conclusions Personality characteristics, as measured by MBTI, are not related to the caring behavior of nurses. One possible reason for this result is that the MBTI does not specifically measure caring personality. Psychological tests on personality characteristics are used in career development and nurse placement. This study recommends that human resource management in healthcare use more specific tools to measure caring personality and psychological tests in healthcare staff recruitment for betterhumanized healthcare services.
The Effect of a Smartphone-Based Perioperative Nursing Intervention: Prayer, Education, Exercise Therapy, Hypnosis, and Music toward Pain, Anxiety, and Early Mobilization on Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Awaludin Sidik , Nurachmah Elly , Soetisna Tri Wisesa , Umar Jahja 
Published: December 2021

Background Cardiac surgery can elicit both physical and psychological responses. Prayer, exercise therapy, education, hypnosis, and music are expected to be able to overcome pain, anxiety, and immobilization in the cardiac surgery. This study was to create a smartphone-based peri-operative nursing intervention model that was able to reduce pain, anxiety, and increase early mobilization cardiac surgery patients. Design and methods This study consisted of three stages. The first stage was research and development, the second was true experimental design, and the third was cross sectional design. The samples size was 86 respondents. The intervention models for the treatment group comprised of a smartphone-based therapy of prayer, education, exercise, hypnosis, and music. The control group was given standard hospital intervention according to the clinical pathway. Results The majority of respondents were adults, male, high school graduate in the treatment group and bachelor graduate in the control group, CABG type of surgery, and having pain history. The intervention had a significant effect on reducing pain scale and anxiety level as well as increasing early mobilization (p<0.05). The intervention had a direct effect on pain and anxiety, but it had no direct effect on early mobilization. However, it gave indirect effect on early mobilization that was mediated by anxiety. Conclusions The models can be used by nurses to reduce pain, anxiety and to increase early mobilization on cardiac surgery patients.
Fathers’ Role in Sustainability of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice in Post-Cesarean-Section Mothers
Authors: Budiati Tri , Setyowati S. , Adjie Seno , Gunawijaya Jajang 
Published: December 2021

Background The success of breastfeeding among post-cesarean- section mothers requires strong willingness and commitment, self-confidence, support from various professionals, and internal support (especially from their husband) and the belief and value of their family. Exclusive breastfeeding remains low in some cities such as in West Java, especially in post-cesarean-section mothers, who are influenced by certain factors. The purpose of this study is to identify husbands’ role and their support for post-cesarean-section mothers in exclusive breastfeeding. Design and Methods This study used a qualitative phenomenological approach. with a combination of different data collection techniques: focus group discussion and in-depth interviews. Twelve husbands of post-cesarean-section mothers participated in this study. Data were analyzed by thematic content analysis. Results Four themes were identified namely knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, the role of the father during breastfeeding, the experience of the husband and the family in supporting breastfeeding, and Women's lack of knowledge, inconvenience due to pain as the most impending factors of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion Most fathers seem eager to be involved and assist their partners to give breastfeeding to their baby. Furthermore, adequate support from family members, health care professionals, and employers can enable fathers to encourage and help their partners initiate and maintain exclusive breastfeeding. Fathers’ emotional, practical, and physical supports are also important factors that promote successful breastfeeding and enrich the experience of mothers.
An in vitro and in silico study of anti-dermatophytic activity of gossypol from fruits of Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Correa
Authors: Anuthara R , Midhun Sebastian Jose , Mathew Jyothis 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
To isolate, purify, and characterize gossypol from the fruits of Thespesia populnea (L) Sol. ex Correa, test its anti- dermatophytic activity, identify its targets on the dermatophyte, and confirm the binding of gossypol with the fungal target by molecular docking study.

Methods:
Gossypol from Thespesia populnea was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatograph- mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The anti-dermatophytic activity of gossypol was tested against four different dermatophytes, viz. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was selected for further studies. The inhibitory mode of action of gossypol on Trichophyton mentagrophytes was determined by analyzing the modulation of gene expression in various pathways of the dermatophyte.

Results:
Gossypol inhibited all the dermatophytes. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were 12.5 μg/mL for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis and 25 μg/mL for Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum gypseum. The minimum fungicidal concentrations were 50 μg/mL for Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 100 μg/mL for Microsporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum, and 200 μg/mL for Microsporum gypseum. Gossypol inhibited the mRNA expression of metalloprotease (MEP4) and isocitrate lyase (ICL). The binding of gossypol with the enzymes was confirmed by molecular docking studies. The best docking poses were found and the low binding energies were recorded with the two target enzymes.

Conclusions:
Gossypol is a potential antifungal agent and can be further explored as an anti-dermatophytic drug.
Ethyl acetate extract of Smilax glabra Roxb roots and its major active compound astilbin promote osteoblastogenesis in vitro by upregulating bone cell differentiation- associated genes
Authors: Nguyen Huyen T.T. , Nguyen Minh T.H. , Nguyen Thu X. , Pham Quan M. , Nguyen Ha X. , Nguyen Phuong T.M. 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
To investigate the osteoblastogenic activity of the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of Smilax glabra Roxb roots and its major active compound astilbin.

Methods:
Astilbin was isolated from EtOAc extract using silica gel chromatography combined with fraction crystallization. Chemical structure of astilbin was determined by analysis of the spectroscopic data in comparison with the literature. MTT method was used to detect the toxicity. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined by the spectrophotometric method at 405 nm using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as a substrate. Calcium deposition was stained with alizarin red-S, distained with cetylpyridium chloride, and quantified at 562 nm. In silico model for astilbin-ALP interaction was analyzed using AutoDock 4.2.6. The changes in expression of osteoblast differentiation related genes were determined using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results:
Both the EtOAc extract and astilbin had no toxicity toward osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells at 5.0, 10, 25, and 50 μg/mL. At 25 μg/ mL, they enhanced ALP activity and mineralization of osteoblasts up to 30% and 55% for the EtOAc extract and 22% and 41% for astilbin, respectively. Molecular docking analysis of astilbin-ALP interaction revealed Arg167, Asp320, His324, and His437 were key residues participating in hydrophobic interaction; meanwhile, His434 and Thr436 residues were involved in hydrogen bond formation in the active site of human tissue-nonspecific ALP. Moreover, the expression level of genes opn, col1, osx, and runx2 were up-regulated in astilbin treated samples with the fold changes as 2.2; 3.7; 4.1; 2.3, respectively at 10 μg/mL (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
The EtOAc extract and its major compound astilbin exhibit osteoblastogenic activity by up-regulating important markers for bone cell differentiation. It could be a new and promising osteogenic agent with dual actions for therapeutic applications.
The Pattern and Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection among Rheumatology Patients
Authors: Alfaris Huda , Alfaris Eiad , AlEnzi Fahidah , Irfan Farhana , El Kibbi Lina , Alrayes Hanan 
Published: December 2021

Objectives:
The global coronavirus pandemic has led to a considerable concern among rheumatologists regarding the possible higher risk of infection and complications among their patients. The severity and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection among patients with rheumatic disease (RD) need to be studied to help guide physicians choose the best approach for different categories of patients. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the rate of COVID-19 infection among RD patients and to evaluate the risk factors and outcomes.

Methodology:
This study was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. A convenience and nonprobability sample of RD patients filled out the study questionnaire from October to November 2020. They were invited digitally through SurveyMonkey and were recruited from social support group sites of the Saudi Society of Rheumatology and the Charitable Association for Rheumatic Diseases. The Chi-square test, Mann–Whitney test, and Fisher's exact test were used as appropriate. Continuous data are expressed as the mean and standard deviation. A P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results:
The study participants were composed of 530 RD patients. The ages of the participants ranged from 14 to 80 years, and women outnumbered men with a ratio 4.4:1 (329 female and 96 male patients). The rate of COVID-19 infection among the study population was 13.7% (n = 71). Previous comorbidities (liver disease and heart failure) were associated with higher risk of COVID-19 infection (P < 0.01 and 0.012) and worse outcome (P < 0.005).

Conclusion:
This study indicates a relatively high rate of COVID-19 infection among RD patients. Having comorbidities posed a significantly greater risk for contracting COVID-19 infection and developing worse outcomes. Therefore, close monitoring of patients with comorbidities such as liver and cardiovascular diseases is warranted.
A Cross-sectional Assessment of the Knowledge about Rheumatoid Arthritis among University Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alenzi Fahidah , Al-Sheikh Haifa , Alaraj Khozama , Saeed Taeef , Alfedeah Raghad , Al-Anazi Reem , Alfawari Nawal 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammatory joint and extra-articular organ involvement including lung, eye, and heart that can lead to physical dysfunction and impaired quality of life.

Aim:
The aim of the study is to estimate the level of knowledge about RA and determine attitudes among university students and staff of Riyadh and to assess the limitations of this knowledge.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at universities of Riyadh in Saudi Arabia. The study used a close-ended, interviewer-based questionnaire and includes 500 respondents from health and nonhealth college students and administrative staff.

Results and Discussion:
There were 404 (80.8%) females and 96 (19.2%) males and 65.5% were in the common age group of 18–24 years. The highest number of the participants (234, 48.6%) was from Princess Nourah University, and 53% of the participants were from nonhealth science colleges. 51.4% of the participants had a family member working or studying in a health-related field, and the level of knowledge of these participants about RA was 81 (31.5%). The age group that had poor knowledge of RA was between 31 and 40 years (including 83.3% of the participants). The participants from Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University had good knowledge (31.7%) compared to participants from other universities. Finally, among gender groups, females had a better level of knowledge about RA (30.2%) compared to (69.8%) of males.

Conclusion:
Our study found that the level of awareness about RA in Riyadh is slightly lower than that observed in previous studies conducted in Saudi Arabia. This could be due to a lack of educational programs and awareness campaigns.
Using Interim Positron Emission Tomography as a Predictor for Relapse-Free Survival in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Liu Hung-Lin , Wang Ming-Chung , Kuo Chin-Yuan , Ma Ming-Chun , Liao Chun-Kai 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Since the emergence of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET), PET has been widely implemented for the initial staging and evaluation of treatment response of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Interim PET after two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) has been proven to be a reliable tool to predict clinical outcomes in patients with cHL, and response-adapted therapies based on interim PET results have become the standard method of treatment. The aim of this study was to report our experience of using interim PET in our institution and determine whether it is a predictive marker for cHL. In addition, we also analyze associations between other patient characteristics and interim PET results at initial diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study enrolled patients verified to have newly diagnosed cHL and who received ABVD as frontline treatment between 2008 and 2019 in our hospital. Interim PET was arranged after 2-3 cycles of ABVD, and we used Deauville 5-point score to evaluate the response. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess correlations between interim PET and patient characteristics.

Results:
Sixty patients underwent interim PET examinations. The age ranged from 14 to 74 years with a medium follow-up of 18.3 months (range: 4–113 months). The patients who had negative interim PET results (n = 36, 60%) had significantly longer relapse-free survival than those with positive results (P < 0.001). Patients with bulky disease, B-symptoms, or neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) >6 were more likely to have positive interim PET-computed tomography results (P < 0.001, 0.023, and 0.037, respectively).

Conclusion:
Interim PET plays an important role in predicting relapse free survival for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma at our institution. A high NLR was correlated with interim PET results in this study.