bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHOLINESTERASE PADA DARAH PETANI PENYEMPROT PESTISIDA DI DESA LOKA KABUPATEN BANTAENG
Authors: Rasiyanto Effendy , Rianto Muh Rifo , Hidayati Farida 
Published: December 2021

Enzim Cholinesterase adalah suatu bentuk dari kata lisbiologik yang didalam jaringan tubuh berperan untuk menjaga agar otot-otot, kelenjar-kelenjar dan sel-sel syaraf bekerja secara terorganisir dan harmonis. Enzim Cholinesterase dapat terganggu oleh pemakain pestisida secara berlebihan dan juga tidak menggunakan alat pelindung diri.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran hasil Cholinesterase pada petani penyemprot pestisida di Desa Loka Kabupaten bantaeng. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 serum petani dan di periksa di Balai Besar Labolatorium Kesehatan dengan metode fotometri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa petani di Desa Loka Kabupaten Bantaeng tidak terpapar pestisida dilihat dari hasil pemeriksaan Cholinesterase yang normal, gambaran hasil yang didapatkan adalah7857-9177 U/L dengan nilai normal 4620-11500 U/L. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa petani di Desa Loka Kabupaten Bantaeng tidak terpapar dengan pestisida.
PENAMBAHAN GLUKOSA PADA MEDIA BEKATUL AGAR UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN Aspergillus sp
Authors: Basarang Mujahidah , Rianto Muh Rifo , Arifuddin Magfirah 
Published: December 2021

Pembiakan jamur di laboratorium dipengaruhi oleh komponen nutrien media. Media harus mengandung semua nutrisi yang mudah digunakan mikroba. Persyaratan media petumbuhan jamur adalah tersedianya karbohidrat dan nitrogen. Bekatul mengandung karbohidrat sebanyak 84,36% yang merupakan salah satu sumber energi utama dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jamur. Selain itu bekatul merupakan sumber nitrogen yang kompleks. Oleh karena itu bekatul dapat dijadikan sebagai media alternatif pertumbuhan jamur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus sp pada media bekatul agar. Selain itu penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pertumbuhan Aspergillus sp pada bekatul agar dengan penambahan glukosa dan bekatul agar tanpa penambahan glukosa. Metode yang digunakan adalah single dot dengan cara inokulasi Aspergillus sp menggunakan ose jarum yang ditusukkan di bagian tengah permukaan agar dan diinkubasi pada suhu 25 0C. Pertumbuhan jamur dilihat dari hasil pengukuran diameter koloni jamur dilakukan setiap 24 jam selama 5 hari. Hasil pengamatan memperlihatkan gambaran pertumbuhan optimum Aspergillus sp. pada media bekatul agar, media bekatul agar penambahan glukosa. Pertumbuhan eksponensial Aspergillus sp. dimulai pada jam ke-24, jamke-48 dan jam ke-72. Kemudian dari jam ke-72 sampai jam ke-102 Aspergillus sp. mengalami fase pertumbuhan stasioneri. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bekatul dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus sp
Pemeriksaan Golongan Darah pada Pelajar Sekolah Islam Terpadu (SIT) Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) Tahfidzul Qur’an Azhar Center Kota Makassar
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Fatmawati Andi , Muawanah Muawanah , Hasnah Hasnah 
Published: December 2021

Perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat di abad ini, juga berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan manusia, dengan permintaan kebutuhan darah untuk manusia yang meningkat. Kebutuhan persediaan darah yang efisien, cepat dan tepat adalah salah satu alasan agar darah yang didonorkan sesuai dengan darah pasien. Oleh karena itu, adapun manfaat dari pemeriksaan golongan darah seperti dapat mempercepat dalam mengidentifikasi untuk kegiatan transfusi darah, pemilihan pendonor yang sesuai, dan analisis kasus forensik. Aspek klinis yang dapat ditimbulkan jika terjadi pemilihan pendonor yang tidak sesuai dapat menimbulkan reaksi transfusi imunologis misalnya sistem golongan darah yang tidak cocok dengan pasien. Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini diharapkan dapat menghasilkan luaran seperti terjadi pengembangan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang jenis-jenis golongan darah di tingkat sekolah. Adapun sasaran pada pengabdian ini adalah seluruh pelajar kelas 7, 8, 9 di Sekolah Islam Terpadu (SIT) Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) Tahfidzul Qur’an Azhar Center Makassar. Tahapan pelaksanaan pengabdian terdiri dari permohonan izin, koordinasi antara pihak Politeknik Kesehatan Muhammadiyah Makassar dengan mahasiswa serta persiapan seluruh sarana dan prasarana. Pelaksanaan kegiatan terdiri dari pemeriksaan golongan darah dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 55 orang pelajar kelas 7, 8, 9 dengan sebaran umur peserta 11 sampai 15 Tahun. Berdasarkan kegiatan pemeriksaan golongan darah menunjukkan hasil bahwa dari 55 peserta dengan rincian 21 orang laki-laki dan 34 orang perempuan diperoleh jenis golongan darah A+, B+, AB+, O+ dengan jumlah peserta masing-masing 15, 6, 5 dan 29 orang. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 27,27 % peserta dengan golongan darah A, 10,9 % golongan darah B, 9,09 % golongan darah AB, dan 52,73 % golongan darah 0.
PENYUSUNAN ROAD MAP REFORMASI BIROKRASI DALAM MEWUJUDKAN WORLD CLASS GOVERNMENT DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TANIMBAR PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Yosinta Swarty Ganwarin  , Sadu Wasistiono  , Eko Budi Santoso  
Published: December 2021

Dalam rangka mengejar visi reformasi birokrasi Pemerintahan Indonesia, yaitu “terwujudnya pemerintahan kelas dunia” dan tujuan reformasi birokrasi “mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik”, maka dipandang perlu untuk menyusun Road Map Reformasi Birokrasi sebagai bentuk operasionalisasi dari Grand Design Reformasi Birokrasi 2010-2025. Di Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar, penyusunan Road Map Reformasi Birokrasi 2020-2024 belum terlaksana, sehingga Bagian Organisasi dan Tata Laksana Setda Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar sebagai OPD penanggung jawab penyusunan Road Map tersebut perlu untuk mengambil tindakan dalam mewujudkan hal yang dimaksud.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui penyusunan Road Map Reformasi Birokrasi dalam mewujudkan World Class Government, menganalisis dan mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat serta menganalisis dan mengetahui strategi penyusunan Road Map tersebut.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penentuan informan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan metode analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyusunan Road Map Reformasi Birokrasi dalam mewujudkan World Class Government di Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar belum terlaksana karena masih terdapat beberapa kendala seperti belum adanya peraturan daerah yang mendasari, adanya ego sektoral antar OPD, sarana prasarana kurang memadai, keterbatasan anggaran, kurangnya dukungan dari stakeholder, serta akuntabilitas dan kapabilitas SDM Aparatur yang masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini penulis menganalisis strategi yang dapat dilakukan pemerintah daerah, yaitu memanfaatkan potensi ASN yang memadai dalam menunjang pelaksanaan tugas birokrasi, dan memanfaatkan perhatian pemerintah pusat dan provinsi terhadap pembangunan Blok Masela.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA (ASN) KABUPATEN SUMEDANG PROVINSI JAWA BARAT (Studi di BKPSDM Kabupaten Sumedang)
Authors: Sonia Sugian  , Sampara Lukman  , Ella L. Wargadinata  
Published: December 2021

Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) mengamanatkan bahwa pelaksanaan manajemen kepegawaian dilaksanakan atas dasar merit system. Era reformasi birokrasi penyelenggaraan pemerintah yang baik atau good governance membutuhkan aparatur yang berkualitas dan profesional. Berdasarkan pemahaman tersebut maka pemerintah daerah harus mampu membangun sebuah sistem manajemen kepegawaian yang tertata dengan baik, khususnya dalam proses pengembangan Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis strategi peningkatan kualitas sumber daya aparatur.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi serta menggunakan teknik analisis data triangulasi untuk penentuan strategi dengan analisis SWOT.
Pada umumnya peningkatan kualitas sumber daya aparatur di Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (BKPSDM) Kabupaten Sumedang baik. Namun saat ini masih ada kendala sehingga masih belum optimal. Pelaksanaan Diklat masih belum sesuai kebutuhan organisasi, dan masih berorientasi pada pendekatan anggaran. Untuk mutasi Pegawai Negeri Sipil merujuk pada Peraturan Pemerintah No. 13 Tahun 2002 tentang Pengangkatan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dalam Jabatan Struktural. Manfaat optimalisasi perencanaan penataan sumber daya aparatur dalam peningkatan kualitas kinerja aparatur.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN REFOCUSING DAN REALOKASI APBD TAHUN ANGGARAN 2020 PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KOTA BENGKULU PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Eko Budi Lestari  
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan refocusing dan realokasi Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah Tahun Anggaran 2020 di Kota Bengkulu, serta hambatan yang dihadapi dan upaya yang di lakukan pemerintah daerah dalam rangka refocusing dan realokasi APBD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif, serta menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan refocusing dan realokasi APBD di Kota Bengkulu tidak sesuai dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan, akan tetapi sudah sesuai dengan target yang ditetapkan. Dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat beberapa hambatan di antaranya terdapat kegiatan yang sudah berjalan akhirnya ditunda, terbitnya peraturan baru dalam waktu yang singkat serta lemahnya respons terhadap arahan terbaru Pemerintah Pusat. Upaya yang dilakukan Pemerintah Daerah dengan berkoordinasi dengan perangkat daerah, meningkatkan intensitas pemeriksaan kebijakan baru, serta menetapkan percepatan pengumpulan hasil penyesuaian oleh perangkat daerah.
Faulty parallel structure in students’ argumentative writing
Authors: Ayuningsih Asti , Ali Sri Widyarti , Malabar Fahria 
Published: December 2021

In writing, to produce well-structured and understandable sentences, students must have knowledge of one aspect of grammar, namely parallelism. However, in fact, many students do not understand the concept of parallelism so that they fail to apply it in writing. This study examines the common types of faulty parallel structure in students’ argumentative writing and investigates the factors which cause the fault. This is a qualitative study that collects the primary data from students’ argumentative writing in particular topics which demand them to present their arguments and to provide their position, reasons and evidence in their writing, and the secondary data from the interview. As a result, this study discovers that students commit the faults in different types of parallelism, and mostly take place in parallel structure with elements joined by conjunction, both coordinating and correlative conjunction. The result of the interview section shows that students make the faulty parallelism due to lack of knowledge, lack of attention, and lack of vocabulary. Thus, in order to reduce the faulty parallel structure, the specific materials about parallelism should be added in writing or grammar’s lesson plan.
Item Objective Congruence Analysis for Multidimensional Items Content Validation of a Reading Test in Sri Lankan University
Authors: Ismail Fouzul Kareema Mohamed , Zubairi Ainol Madziah Bt 
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the findings of a study that intended to seek the content validity (CV) evidence of an instrument to measure the reading ability of university students in Sri Lanka. The reading passages and items were adapted from CEFR aligned Learning Resource Network (LRN) materials. The items were designed based on the cognitive processing involved in completing each reading task as prescribed by Khalifa and Weir (2009). As a part of collecting evidence for content validation of the instrumentation, Item Objective Congruence (IOC) analysis is used in this study. In IOC, the congruence between the cognitive processing of reading and the test items were studied providing quantified data for CV. A pool of twelve experts examined a total of 41 test items against eight cognitive processing effectively. As the experts had chosen more than one objective for an item, the IOC formula simplified by Crocker and Aligna (1986) for multi-dimensional assessment of multiple combinations of skills was applied in the present study. The findings of the IOC indicate the experts&rsquo; varying degrees of agreement in terms of what some of the items were designed to assess. 38 items had acceptable IOC indices, one item was removed from the study and two items were modified. Items having high congruence show that they test only one skill and those indicating low congruence notify that, items assess more than one cognitive processing skill. The study demonstrates the utility of the IOC method in gathering evidence for CV. Test development and validation are crucial in assessment which is the first and foremost process to evaluate educational management.&nbsp;
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Fabrication and electrochemical properties of hollow cage-like nickel cobalt layered hydroxides with porous structure
Authors: Yang Wen , Ding Qian-Yao , Zhai Dong-Mei , Bo Kai-Wen , Feng Yan-Yan , Wen Jie , He Fang ,   Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China,   College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China,   College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
Published: December 2021

Supercapacitors have attracted extensive attention in various storage devices due to their high power density, long life and friendly environment. Hence, improving the energy storage performances of electrode materials are of great significance for supercapacitors. Functional materials with specific nanostructures, as energy storage materials, can display excellent electrochemical performances, for they will provide rich electrochemically active sites, high specific surface area and enhance electrolyte contact area. Consequently, hollow cage-like nickel cobalt layered hydroxides (NiCo-LDH) are prepared via nitrate etching of ZIF-67 nanocrystals, and investigated as electrode materials of supercapacitor. The morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of the obtained materials are investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, N	<sub>2</sub> adsorption/desorption and a series of electrochemical tests (including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge and discharge and AC impedance). The results show that the NiCo-LDH samples assembled by nanosheets present a porous structure with hollow cages and high specific area surfaces, which conduces to increasing the electroactive sites, enhancing the contact between the electrolyte and the electrode material, and thus significantly improving the electrochemical performance of the materials. With the mass ratio of nickel to cobalt salt being 1∶1, the specific capacitance of Ni	<sub>1</sub>Co	<sub>1</sub>-LDH is 801 F·g	<sup>–1</sup> at a current density of 0.5 A·g	<sup>–1</sup>, and a specific capacitance of 582 F·g	<sup>–1</sup> can still be maintained at a high current density of 10 A·g	<sup>–1</sup>. Moreover, the specific capacitance retention of Ni	<sub>1</sub>Co	<sub>1</sub>-LDH is 100.2% after 2000 cycles at a current density of 15 A·g	<sup>–1</sup>, displaying good electrochemical performance and great potential in supercapacitor applications.
Three new species of Byrsopteryx Flint microcaddisflies from Peru (Insecta: Trichoptera) including DNA-based larval associations
Authors: Santos Allan P.M. , Takiya Daniela Maeda 
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we have described and illustrated three new species of Byrsopteryx from Peru: Byrsopteryx inti, sp. nov. Byrsopteryx mamaocllo sp. nov., and Byrsopteryx mancocapac sp. nov. Larvae of the latter two were also associated to male specimens based on comparison of a fragment of COI gene and pharate male identification. Byrsopteryx inti sp. nov. and Byrsopteryx mamaocllo sp. nov. share a unique feature: a semi-dome process formed by a thickened area on male forewings. The three species can be easily identified by wing coloration and male genitalia. Furthermore, Byrsopteryx inti sp. nov. can be recognized by its sternum VIII with a median digitate process on posterior margin, slightly capitate; and by long dorsolateral processes from segment VIII, which cross each other apically in dorsal view. Byrsopteryx mamaocllo sp. nov. can be distinguished by sternum VIII bearing a pair of short, posterior, spinelike processes, which are curved inwards and bordered by a rounded, membranous structure, and by a pair of short, heavily sclerotized, dorsolateral processes. Byrsopteryx mancocapac sp. nov. can be distinguished by strong spine-like processes arising dorsally from subgenital plate and by sternum VIII with posterior margin divided into two plate-like lobes. Larvae of B. mamaocllo sp. nov. and B. mancocapac sp. nov. are similar to other Byrsopteryx larvae known. They can be distinguished from each other by the shape of the operculum formed by terga VIII and IX, and number of setae on the second abdominal pleurite. Maximum likelihood analyses of 20 COI sequences, including nine Byrsopteryx species, placed B. inti sp. nov. and B. mamaocllo sp. nov. as sister species and related to a clade including B. gomezi, B. tapanti, and B. esparta, while B. mancocapac sp. nov. was found as sister to B. abrelata. Despite the close phylogenetic relationship found between B. inti sp. nov. and B. mamaocllo sp. nov., they are separated by 14.9% minimum K2P divergence of COI. The highest intraspecific distance observed was 1.4% for B. mancocapac sp. nov. individuals. Although the Peruvian caddisfly fauna has around 320 known species and almost a third of them are microcaddisflies, in this paper we present the first descriptions of Byrsopteryx species for the country.
An Introspective Overview of the Dynamics of Recurrent Events Data Analysis
Authors: Turkson Anthony Joe , Simpson Timothy , Addor John Awuah 
Published: December 2021

A recurrent event remains the outcome variable of interest in many biometric studies. Recurrent events can be explained as events of defined interest that can occur to same person more than once during the study period. This study presents an overview of different pertinent recurrent models for analyzing recurrent events.
Aims: To introduce, compare, evaluate and discuss pros and cons of four models in analyzing recurrent events, so as to validate previous findings in respect of the superiority or appropriateness of these models.
Study Design: A comparative studies based on simulation of recurrent event models applied to a tertiary data on cancer studies.
Methodology: Codes in R were implemented for simulating four recurrent event models, namely; The Andersen and Gill model; Prentice, Williams and Peterson models; Wei, Lin and Weissferd; and Cox frailty model. Finally, these models were applied to analyze the first forty subjects from a study of Bladder Cancer Tumors. The data set contained the first four repetitions of the tumor for each patient, and each recurrence time was recorded from the entry time of the patient into the study. An isolated risk interval is defined by each time to an event or censoring.
Results: The choice and usage of any of the models lead to different conclusions, but the choice depends on: risk intervals; baseline hazard; risk set; and correlation adjustment or simplistically, type of data and research question. The PWP-GT model could be used if the research question is focused on whether treatment was effective for the event since the previous event happened. However, if the research question is designed to find out whether treatment was effective for the event since the start of treatment, then we could use the PWP- TT. The AG model will be adequate if a common baseline hazard could be assumed, but the model lacks the details and versatility of the event-specific models. The WLW model is very suitable for data with diverse events for the same person, which underscores a potentially different baseline hazard for each type.
Conclusion: PWP-GT has proven to be the most useful model for analyzing recurrent event data.
Study of Parental Polymorphism and Allelic Variation for Grain Quality and Yield Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Using SSR Markers
Authors: Rathi Sanket , Upadhyay Sameer , Singh P. K. , Kumar Rajesh , . Pallavi , Bisen Prashant , Loitongbam Bapsila , Snehi Sanchika 
Published: December 2021

Aim: Identification of polymorphic markers is prerequisite for conducting any QTL mapping experiment because if the parents are polymorphic for the traits of interest, then further selection of plants in the progenies becomes easy. Hence, the objective of the present study was to identify polymorphic markers for grain quality and yield traits among the parental lines Improved Samba Mahsuri and Badshabhog.
Place and Duration of Study: It was carried out at Molecular Breeding Lab, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, India, during 2019.
Methodology: Two parents Improved Samba Mahsuri and Badshabhog were used for the present study. The DNA extraction was done as per the CTAB method suggested by Murray and Thompson. Standard PCR protocol was followed.
Results: For parental polymorphism survey, a total of 576 randomly selected SSR markers including 26 gene specific markers related to aroma, cooking and eating quality, grain dimension and yield related traits distributed across the 12 chromosomes of rice were used. Overall, 96 markers including 4 gene specific markers were found to be polymorphic between the two genotypes indicating a total polymorphism percentage of 16.67%. The highest polymorphism percentage was recorded on chromosome 6 (26.67%) followed by chromosome 4 (21.43%) and the lowest polymorphism percentage was observed on chromosome 10 (8.93%). The gene specific markers nksbad2, ARO7, BADEX7_5 and SSI were found to be polymorphic.
Conclusion: Based on the present study it may be concluded that the polymorphic markers identified will further be utilized in genotyping of F2:3 population, linkage analysis and mapping QTL’s for grain quality and yield traits.
Surgical Management of Acute Sphenoid Sinusitis: A Review
Authors: Abood Hashem Bark Awadh , Alshammari Talal Habib , AlMutairi Majed Mubarak , Alkhaldi Abdulaziz Abdulrazaq , Alessa Othman Saleh , Almutairi Hussain Ali , Elkheder Abdelkhalig Rhamtalla Mohammed , K. Alenzi Majed Mahmoud , Ageeli Fatimah Essa , F. Ramadan Yousuf Loai , Almaslouk Mohammed Saleh , Alanaziy Dnya Saleh Affat , Zarei Mohammad Ali Hassan 
Published: December 2021

Sphenoidal sinusitis is usually described as acute inflammation of the sphenoid sinuses - either one or both - (the two large cavities just behind the nose and between the eyes). The disease is relatively uncommon—comparatively, chronic sphenoid sinusitis is more common—and may be limited to the sphenoid sinus or, more commonly, may involve multiple sinuses or pansinusitis. Acute sphenoid sinusitis can lead to symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and even complications in the orbit. For low vision, early diagnosis and treatment is essential to preserve vision and life. This study aims Learn about surgical approaches to the treatment of acute sinusitis