bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human α-synuclein overexpression in mouse serotonin neurons triggers a depressive-like phenotype. Rescue by oligonucleotide therapy
Authors: Bortolozzi Analia , Miquel-Rio Lluis , Alarcón-Aris Diana , Torres-López María , Coppola-Segovia Valentín , Pavia-Collado Rubén , Paz Verónica , Ruiz-Broanchal Esther , Campa Leticia , Casal Carmen , Montefeltro Andrés , Artigas Francesc , Vila Miquel , Revilla Raquel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Anxiety and depression affect 35–50% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), often precede the onset of motor symptoms, and have a negative impact on their quality of life. Dysfunction of the serotonergic (5-HT) system, which regulates mood and emotional pathways, occurs during the premotor phase of PD and contributes to a variety of non-motor symptoms. Furthermore, α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates were identified in raphe nuclei in the early stages of the disease. However, there are very few animal models of PD-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we develop a new mouse model of α-synucleinopathy in the 5-HT system that mimics prominent histopathological and neuropsychiatric features of human PD. We showed that adeno-associated virus (AAV5)-induced overexpression of wild-type human α-Syn (h-α-Syn) in raphe 5-HT neurons triggers progressive accumulation, phosphorylation, and aggregation of h-α-Syn protein in the 5-HT system. Specifically, AAV5-injected mice displayed axonal impairment in the output brain regions of raphe neurons, and deficits in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and 5-HT neurotransmission, resulting in a depressive-like phenotype. Intracerebroventricular treatment with an indatraline-conjugated antisense oligonucleotide (IND-ASO) for four weeks induced an effective and safe reduction of h-α-Syn synthesis in 5-HT neurons and its accumulation in the forebrain, alleviating early deficits of 5-HT function and improving the behavioural phenotype. Altogether, our findings show that α-synucleinopathy in 5-HT neurons negatively affects brain circuits that control mood and emotions, resembling the expression of neuropsychiatric symptoms occurring at the onset of PD. Early preservation of 5-HT function by reducing α-Syn synthesis/accumulation may alleviate PD-related depressive symptoms.
Researches on the Fast Determination of Cell Type of Cartesian Grid
Authors: Li Xueliang , Bi Lin , Meng Shuang , Liu Hongkang , Wang Tiantian , Yuan Xianxu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The relationship between the spatial cell and the object is unknown for the Cartesian grid using the immersed boundary method. For the researches about complex geometry or multi-body relative motion, grid generation is a very time-consuming work, and the consumption is mainly concentrated in the position determination of the Cartesian cells, which we called the cell type determination. In this study, based on the axis-aligned bounding box method and the ray casting method, we employed the dot product method and the painting algorithm to investigate the acceleration method for Cartesian grid generation. The octree structure is used to store the Cartesian cells, and the k-dimensional tree is used to store the object surface. These data management strategy can minimize the CPU’s resource while have a small memory usage. The grid generation results show that the strategy we proposed has a high efficiency and well robustness, and the time consume can reduce more than 50% compare with the original method. When dealing with a enough complex problem, the time consume can even reaches several orders of magnitude difference compared with the original method.
Gut microbiome dysbiosis during COVID-19 is associated with increased risk for bacteremia and microbial translocation.
Authors: Venzon Mericien , Bernard-Raichon Lucie , Klein Jon , Axelrad Jordan , Hussey Grant , Sullivan Alexis , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Noval Maria , Valero-Jimenez Ana , Gago Juan , Wilder Evan , Team Yale IMPACT Research , Iwasaki Akiko , Thorpe Lorna , Littman Dan , Dittmann Meike , Stapleford Kenneth , Shopsin Bo , Torres Victor , Ko Albert , Cadwell Ken , Schluter Jonas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The microbial populations in the gut microbiome have recently been associated with COVID-19 disease severity. However, a causal impact of the gut microbiome on COVID-19 patient health has not been established. Here we provide evidence that gut microbiome dysbiosis is associated with translocation of bacteria into the blood during COVID-19, causing life-threatening secondary infections. Antibiotics and other treatments during COVID-19 can potentially confound microbiome associations. We therefore first demonstrate that the gut microbiome is directly affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose-dependent manner in a mouse model, causally linking viral infection and gut microbiome dysbiosis. Comparison with stool samples collected from 97 COVID-19 patients at two different clinical sites also revealed substantial gut microbiome dysbiosis, paralleling our observations in the animal model. Specifically, we observed blooms of opportunistic pathogenic bacterial genera known to include antimicrobial-resistant species in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Analysis of blood culture results testing for secondary microbial bloodstream infections with paired microbiome data obtained from these patients suggest that bacteria translocate from the gut into the systemic circulation of COVID-19 patients. These results are consistent with a direct role for gut microbiome dysbiosis in enabling dangerous secondary infections during COVID 19.
Optimized Sparse Polynomial Chaos Expansion With Entropy Regularization
Authors: Zeng SiJie , Duan XiaoJun , Chen JiangTao , Yan Liang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sparse Polynomial Chaos Expansion(PCE) is widely used in various engineering fields to quantitatively analyse the influence of uncertainty, while alleviate the problem of dimensionality curse. However, current sparse PCE techniques focus on choosing features with the largest coefficients, which may ignore uncertainties propagated with high order features. Hence, this paper proposes the idea of selecting polynomial chaos basis based on information entropy, which aims to retain the advantages of existing sparse techniques while considering entropy change as output uncertainty. A novel entropy-based optimization method is proposed to update the state-of-the-art sparse PCE models. This work further develops an entropy-based synthetic sparse model, which has higher computational efficiency. Two benchmark functions and a CFD experiment are used to compare the accuracy and efficiency between the proposed method and classical methods. The results show that entropy-based methods can better capture the features of uncertainty propagation, and the problem of over-fitting in existing sparse PCE methods can be avoided.
Transcriptome Analysis of Skin Color Variation During and after Overwintering of Malaysian Red Tilapia
Authors: Jiang bingjie , Wang lanmei , Luo mingkun , Fu jianjun , Zhu wenbin , dong zaijie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The commercial value of red tilapia is hampered by variations in skin color during overwintering. In this study, three types skin of red tilapia, including the skin remained pink color during and after overwintering (WP), the skin changed from pink color to black color during overwintering and remained black color after overwintering (PB), and the skin changed from pink color to black color during overwintering but recovered to pink color when the temperature rose after overwintering (BP), were used to analyze their molecular mechanisms of color variation. The transcriptome results revealed that the PB, WP, and BP libraries had 42, 43, and 43 million clean reads, respectively. The top 10 abundance mRNAs and specific mRNAs (specificity measure SPM > 0.9) were screened. After comparing intergroup gene expression levels, there were 2528, 1924 and 1939 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BP and PB, BP and WP, and PB and WP, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses of color-related mRNAs showed that a number of DEGs, including tyrp1, tyr, pmel, mitf, mc1r, asip, tat, hpdb and foxd3, might play a potential role in pigmentation. Additionally, the co-expression patterns of genes were detected within the pigment-related pathways by PPI network from PB_WP group. Furthermore, DEGs from the apoptosis and autophagy pathways, such as baxα, beclin1, and atg7, might be involved in the fading of red tilapia melanocytes. The findings will aid in understanding the molecular mechanism underlying skin color variation in red tilapia during and after overwintering, as well as lay a foundation for future research aimed at improving red tilapia skin color characteristics.
A Novel Mathematical Model of Tumor Growth Kinetics with Allee Effect under Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Khaliq Rubeena , Iqbal Pervaiz , Bhat Shahid Ahmad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Most of the cancer growth models have described the exponential growth patterns at the very initial stage with low cell population density. Eventually, decreasing the tumor growth rate at higher cell population densities because of deficiency in resources such as space and nutrients. However, recent studies at clinical and preclinical investigations of cancer initiation or reappaearance showed a population dynamics evincing that the growth rate increases as cell number increases. Hence, showing behaviour analogous to cooperative mechanism in the ecosystem and ecological effect called Allee effect. Based on these observations with two arguments i.e. change in initial population and growth rate. In this paper, the novel mathematical model of tumor growth kinetics with Allee effect under fuzzy environment is proposed. In this model the Generalized Hukuhara derivative approach is utilized to solve the fuzzy differential equations. Moreover, it is showen that the change in initial value and growth rate affects the cell density with the Allee effect under the fuzzy environment. Finally the superiority of model has been showen with the help of numerical simulation.
Comparison of macrobenthic communities between the invasive Spartina alterniflora and native Suaeda glauca habitats in the Yellow River Delta
Authors: Han Qiuying , Han Qingxi , Wang Yujue , Liu Dongyan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Salt marsh habitats in estuaries play important roles in species compositions and macrobenthos abundances. Here, the macrobenthic communities and environmental conditions in two habitats, which are dominated by the invasive species Spartina alterniflora (SA) and native species Suaeda glauca (SG), in the Yellow River Delta were studied to assess habitat function. The seasonal data showed that the species diversity and abundance of macrobenthos in the SA habitat were much higher than those in the SG habitat. The functional groups in the former showed significant seasonal changes and shifted from polychaeta (68%) in spring to mollusca (97%) in autumn, but in the latter, it was dominated by crustacea (63-86%), mollusca (1-25%) and polychaeta (9-13%), and only mollusca exhibited obvious seasonal changes. The sediments in the SA habitat contained richer organic matter contents and exhibited higher Chl- a concentrations than those in the SG habitat, although the grain sizes were coarser in the SA habitat. At the seasonal scale, macrobenthos in the SA habitat displayed significant negative correlations with salinity and organic matter. The results indicated that the macrobenthos functional groups in the SA habitat were simpler and more sensitive to environmental changes than those in the SG habitat. The vegetation structures may give rise to the differences in macrobenthos distributions in both habitats, which need to be further observed and explored.
Data-Driven Nonlinear Constitutive Relations for Rarefied Flow Computations
Authors: Zhao Wenwen , Jiang Lijian , Yao Shaobo , Chen Weifang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To overcome the defects of traditional rarefied numerical methods such as the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method and unified Boltzmann equation schemes and extend the covering range of macroscopic equations in high Knudsen number flows, data-driven nonlinear constitutive relations (DNCR) are proposed firstly through machine learning method. Based on the training data from both Navier-Stokes (NS) solver and unified gas kinetic scheme (UGKS) solver, the map between discrepancies of stress tensors and heat flux and feature vectors is established after training phase. Through the obtained off-line training model, new test case excluded from training data set could be predicated rapidly and accurately by solving conventional equations with modified stress tensor and heat flux. Finally, conventional one-dimensional shock wave cases and two-dimensional hypersonic flows around a blunt circular cylinder are presented to assess the capability of the developed method through a various comparisons between DNCR, NS, UGKS, DSMC and experimental results. The improvement of the predictive capability of the coarse-graining model could make DNCR method to be an effective tool in rarefied gas community, especially for hypersonic engineering applications.
Gonad development in farmed male and female South African abalone, Haliotis midae, fed artificial and natural diets under a range of husbandry conditions
Authors: Meusel Esther , Menanteau-Ledouble Simon , Naylor Matthew , Kaiser Horst , El-Matbouli Mansour 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Growth rate is considered one of the most important factors in the farming of Haliotis midae and somatic growth rates decline after abalone reach sexual maturity. Artificial diets are suspected to accelerate maturation, in particular when soya meal is used as a protein source, because of this plant’s high concentration of phytoestrogens.
Results
We fed two artificial diets and a natural diet, kelp. The first artificial diet had fishmeal as its main source of protein while the other, Abfeed® S34, replaced some of the fish proteins with soya meal. The effect of diet on the gonad development of 27-month-old farmed Haliotis midae, raised at two stocking densities, was analysed. For each gonad sample the development phase was determined based on both histological criteria and the gonad bulk index (GBIn). The hypothesized link between dietary protein source and gonad development could not be established by either morphological criteria or GBIn. Similarly, stocking density did not have a significant effect on GBIn-values. GBIn values were significantly correlated to the results from the histological analyses in males and females.
Conclusions
The results from this study suggest that artificial diets including those using soya meal are a valid alternative in the feeding of abalone. Moreover, it provides a data base for future research on factors influencing gonad development in this species.
Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of Eu3+-Doped Na2YMg2V3O12: A Novel Red-Emitting Phosphor for White-Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhang Weiyi , Shao Yanqiu , Zhu Ying , Shao Yingying , Huang Zhaohui , Xin Min , Liu Yangai , He Can , Zhang Xiaoguang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The fabrication and luminescent properties of novel Na2YMg2V3O12:Eu3+ phosphors produced by conventional solid-state reactions were investigated. Self-activated emission of the Na2YMg2V3O12 host produces a broad emission band ranging from 400 to 700 nm with a maximum peak at 530 nm, ascribed to the charge transfer in the (VO4)3− groups. Excitation with near-UV (365 nm) light causes the Na2YMg2V3O12:Eu3+ phosphors to emit bright red light, including both the broad emission band of the (VO4)3− groups and the sharp emission peaks of Eu3+ ions. At a quenching concentration of 0.03 mol, the Eu3+ ion emission peaks were located at 597, 613, 654 and 710 nm. As-prepared Na2YMg2V3O12:Eu3+ phosphors also exhibited stable emission at high temperatures. Furthermore, a designed and packaged white-light-emitting diode (WLED) lamp, including the obtained phosphors, commercial (Ba,Sr)2SiO4:Eu2+ green phosphors, BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ blue phosphors and a near-ultraviolet (n-UV) chip, emitted bright white light with a good chromaticity coordinate of (0.3068, 0.3491), a satisfactory colour rendering index of 88.20 and a properly correlated colour temperature of 4460.52 K. These results indicate the potential of this Na2YMg2V3O12:Eu3+ phosphor as a red-emitting phosphor for solid-state illumination.
Gelcast Zirconia Ceramics With High Strength and Simultaneously High Translucency for Dental Applications
Authors: Kastyl Jaroslav , Chlup Zdenek , Pouchly Vaclav , Song Lu , Scasnovic Erik , Trunec Martin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Translucent zirconia represents a favourite material for monolithic ceramic dental restorations. However, materials approaches employed so far to improve the translucency of zirconia ceramics are accompanied by a significant decline in strength. Thus, we aimed to develop dental 3Y-TZP ceramics that can provide excellent strength and, simultaneously, enhanced translucency. In this investigation, machinable tetragonal zirconia ceramics based on fine mesostructured zirconia particles stabilized with 3 mol% of yttria and prepared by the gelcasting processing method were developed. Properties of sintered samples were characterised, namely: shrinkage, density, structure, surface roughness, hardness, biaxial strength, and total forward transmittance. Zirconia ceramics with an average biaxial strength of 1184 MPa and a total forward transmittance of 46.7% for a 0.5 mm thick sample at a wavelength of 600 nm were obtained. These ceramics exhibited homogeneous structure with grains sizes up to 620 nm and purely tetragonal phase composition. The developed ceramics provided a favourable combination of high translucency comparable even with the mixed cubic/tetragonal structure of a common 4Y-TZP, and very high strength that is achievable only in the pure tetragonal 3Y-TZP.
Enhanced photocatalytic and biological observations of green synthesized AC, AC/Ag and AC/Ag/TiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: AMALANATHAN M , Parvathiraja C. , Alothman Asma A. , Wabaidur Saikh M. , Islam Mohammad Ataul 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, AC/Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method using jasmine flower extract. The reactions of reduction, stabilization and capping was executed from the biomolecules of jasmine flower extract. The decoration of activated carbon and noble metal to the metal oxide enhanced the properties in all ways. As the modified structural, optical and morphological properties of as prepared nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques such as, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) with Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). The photocatalytic activities under sunlight were evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB). Antibacterial activity was tested against E-coli and S. aureus. The characterization results show that AC/Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite is crystalline, needle like morphology and highly optically active catalyst. The investigated AC/Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite shows 96% maximum degradation efficiency at the end of 120 minutes undervisible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency and antibacterial activity is readily higher than that of commercial TiO2. The plasmonic support to the activated carbon and titanium nanoparticles creates large surface area, active sites and accelerated the free radical generation. These characteristics demonstrated that the prepared AC/Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite material is highly suitable for the decomposition of methylene blue and waste water treatment.
Effect of Health Comorbidities on Death from COVID-19 in Immigrants in Mexico
Authors: Martínez-Martínez Oscar A. , Valenzuela-Moreno Karla A. , Coutiño Brenda 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundComorbidities increase the risk of death for patients with COVID-19, however, little is known about how comorbidities affect immigrants, as well as their prognosis in the case of contracting the virus. Therefore, this article aims to determine which comorbidities are associated with the probability of death among immigrants in Mexico. Methods We use a sample of migrants (N = 3,567) registered in the public database published in the National Epidemiological Surveillance System of the Mexican Ministry of Health; the technique used was a Probit regression. Results The results show that comorbidities commonly associated with death from COVID-19, are not significant when present in immigrants, also, migrants have fewer comorbidities than the native born. These findings could be explained by the Healthy Immigrant Effect, which states that migration is a self-selection process, in which those who migrate are the healthiest. However, the cases of migrants who have died from COVID-19 are related to the time they have taken to go to hospitals and to problems of access to health care.ConclusionsThe immigrant populations (especially those in transit and refugees) do pose certain challenges to public policies in the countries of destination, so specific measures need to be taken in order to protect immigrant communities from the spread of the virus. It is important to improve the conditions during the migratory journey, avoiding overcrowding, as well as testing in various places (shelters, immigration controls, among others) in order to determine the levels of positivity in this group. ​However, the detection of more cases of COVID-19 among immigrants, should not equal to the denial for entry. Formal mechanisms should be put into place to guarantee the right to asylum and non-refoulement, even for migrants who test positive for the virus.
Should the United States Rejoin the Trans-Pacific Trade Deal?
Authors: Itakura Ken , Lee Hiro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Before the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) entered into force, the United States withdrew from the trade accord. Eleven other TPP signatories decided to revive the agreement, which led to the implementation of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for TPP (CPTPP). The objectives of this paper are to estimate economic welfare effects under alternative scenarios of TPP/CPTPP, to evaluate the extent of losses to the US from its withdrawal from TPP and expected gains from rejoining the Trans-Pacific trade accord, and to examine whether the US economy would have to undergo extensive sectoral adjustments from its participation. We employ a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to examine these issues. The results suggest that the US loses an opportunity to gain 0.4 percent in its economic welfare by withdrawing from TPP, but it would be able to recover most of its projected welfare gains by reengaging with CPTPP. Since sectoral output adjustments in the US are small, its adjustment costs from participation in CPTPP would be limited. In addition, there exist political incentives for the US to become a member of this trade accord.