bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reasons for presenteeism in different occupational branches in Sweden: a population based cross-sectional study
Authors: Marklund Staffan , Gustafsson Klas , Bergström Gunnar , Leineweber Constanze 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective
To compare the prevalence and reasons for presenteeism in occupations in three branches defined as employees handling people, handling things or handling symbols.

Method
A cross-sectional population-based cohort study was conducted. The study group was drawn from a representative sample (n = 6230) aged 16–64, who had been interviewed in 2015 or in 2017 for the Swedish Work Environment Surveys (SWES). The odds ratios (ORs) stratified by occupational category for reasons of presenteeism, with 95% confidence intervals (CI), were estimated using binomial multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results
The study showed that presenteeism was more common among employees handling people (74%), when compared to employees handling things (65%) or handling symbols (70%). The most common reason for presenteeism among employees handling people was “I do not want to burden my colleagues”, while “Because nobody else can carry out my responsibilities” was most common in the other two categories. After control for socio-demography, work environments and health, the differences in reasons mostly remained significant between the three occupational categories.

Conclusion
The differences between occupational categories are important for prevalence and reasons for presenteeism. As presenteeism affects the future health of employees and the productivity of the work unit, attempts to reduce presenteeism may be important. Because the reasons vary between occupations, customized preventive measures should be applied in different occupational settings. Among employees handling people, covering up for absence in work team is relevant, while among employees handling symbols and handling things the corresponding focus could be on shared responsibilities for specific tasks.
A strain-gradient formulation for fiber reinforced polymers: hybrid phase-field model for porous-ductile fracture
Authors: Dittmann M. , Schulte J. , Schmidt F. , Hesch C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA novel numerical approach to analyze the mechanical behavior within composite materials including the inelastic regime up to final failure is presented. Therefore, a second-gradient theory is combined with phase-field methods to fracture. In particular, we assume that the polymeric matrix material undergoes ductile fracture, whereas continuously embedded fibers undergo brittle fracture as it is typical e.g. for roving glass reinforced thermoplastics. A hybrid phase-field approach is developed and applied along with a modified Gurson–Tvergaard–Needelman GTN-type plasticity model accounting for a temperature-dependent growth of voids on microscale. The mechanical response of the arising microstructure of the woven fabric gives rise to additional higher-order terms, representing homogenized bending contributions of the fibers. Eventually, a series of tests is conducted for this physically comprehensive multifield formulation to investigate different kinds and sequences of failure within long fiber reinforced polymers.
How anisotropic and isotropic atomic displacement parameters monitor protein covalent bonds rigidity: isotropic B-factors underestimate bond rigidity
Authors: Carugo Oliviero 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUnder the assumption that covalent bonds are rigid, it is possible to compare the estimations of rigidity based on anisotropic and isotropic B-factors. This is done by computing the difference of the mean-square displacements (Delta-u) of atoms A and Z along the covalent bond A–Z, which must be close to zero for a rigid bond. The analysis of a high-quality set of protein structures, refined at a resolution better than (or equal to) 0.8 Angstroms, showed that Delta-u is significantly close to zero when anisotropic B-factors are used, with an average 60% Delta-u reduction. This reduction is larger for larger B-factors and this suggests that care should be taken in data-mining procedures that involve isotropic B-factors, especially at lower resolution, when anisotropic B-factors cannot be determined and when the average B-factor increases.
Responsible Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Value Formation and Market Performance in Healthcare: the Mediating Role of Patient’s Cognitive Engagement
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Dwivedi Yogesh K. , Anand Ambuj 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Healthcare sector has been at the forefront of the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Owing to the nature of the services and the vulnerability of a large section of end-users, the topic of responsible AI has become the subject of widespread study and discussion. We conduct a mixed-method study to identify the constituents of responsible AI in the healthcare sector and investigate its role in value formation and market performance. The study context is India, where AI technologies are in the developing phase. The results from 12 in-depth interviews enrich the more nuanced understanding of how different facets of responsible AI guide healthcare firms in evidence-based medicine and improved patient centered care. PLS-SEM analysis of 290 survey responses validates the theoretical framework and establishes responsible AI as a third-order factor. The 174 dyadic data findings also confirm the mediation mechanism of the patient’s cognitive engagement with responsible AI-solutions and perceived value, which leads to market performance.
Reaction Rate Analysis of Manganese Ore Prereduction in CO-CO2 Atmosphere
Authors: Larssen Trine Asklund , Senk Dieter , Tangstad Merete 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Variations in energy efficiency and climate gas emissions in production of manganese ferroalloys are largely related to the solid-state reduction of the manganese ores used as raw material in the production. The gas-solid reduction is known to be dependent on the ore characteristics, making information on the factors governing the kinetics crucial. A reaction rate analysis of thermogravimetric data obtained for the reduction of Comilog and Nchwaning manganese ores in CO-CO2 atmosphere was performed. Experimental variables were CO partial pressure, ore particle size, temperature regimes (isothermal/non-isothermal), as well as heating rate for non-isothermal experiments. The effects of particle size, CO-concentration, and temperature on the reaction rates were quantified. It was found that the reduction rate of both ores was proportional to the inverse average particle size. Different sensitivities towards the CO-concentration in the gas feed was determined, where the rate of Comilog-ore was proportional to

$$ p_{\text{CO}}^{0.7} $$

p

CO

0.7

, and Nchwaning to

$$ p_{\text{CO}}^{1.5} $$

p

CO

1.5

. The activation energy of Comilog ore was estimated to be 17 kJ/mol, whereas 63 kJ/mol was found for Nchwaning ore.
The Importance of Intestinal Length in Triglyceride Metabolism and in Predicting the Outcomes of Comorbidities in Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass—a Narrative Review
Authors: Käkelä Pirjo , Rantanen Tuomo , Virtanen Kirsi A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this narrative review, we will appraise if modification of the length of bypassed small intestine based on measured total small intestinal length could optimize the outcomes of the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). We provide a summary of carefully selected studies to serve as examples and to draw tentative conclusions of the effects of LRYGB on remission of comorbidities. As the heterogeneity of the included studies varied in terms of outcomes, type of study, length of the bypassed small intestine, and the follow-up, a common endpoint could not be defined for this narrative article. To achieve efficient metabolic outcomes, it is important to carefully choose the small intestine length excluded from the food passage suited best to each individual patient.
Graphical abstract
Clinical consequences of consecutive self-expanding transcatheter heart valve iterations
Authors: Kroon H. G. , van Gils L. , Ziviello F. , van Wiechen M. P. H. , Ooms J. F. W. , Rahhab Z. , El Faquir N. , Maugenest A.‑M. , Goudzwaard J. A. , Cummins P. , Lenzen M. , Kardys I. , Daemen J. , Mattace-Raso F. , de Jaegere P. P. T. , Van Mieghem N. M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective
To compare early clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with three consecutive generations of self-expanding valves (SEVs).

Methods
Clinical endpoints of consecutive patients who underwent TAVI with CoreValve, Evolut R or Evolut PRO were included in a prospective database.

Results
TAVI was performed with CoreValve (n = 116), Evolut R (n = 160) or Evolut PRO (n = 92). Evolut R and Evolut PRO showed a tendency towards lower permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) rates compared to CoreValve (CoreValve 27% vs Evolut R 16% vs Evolut PRO 18%, p = 0.091). By multivariable regression analysis CoreValve had a significantly higher risk for PPI (odds ratio (OR) 2.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31–5.94, p = 0.008) compared to Evolut R, while Evolut R and PRO were similar. Severe paravalvular leakage (PVL) occurred only with CoreValve, but no significant difference was observed in moderate PVL (10% vs 8% vs 6%, p = 0.49). CoreValve had a tendency towards a higher risk for more-than-mild PVL as compared with the Evolut platform (R + PRO) (OR 2.46, 95% CI 0.98–6.16, p = 0.055). No significant differences in all-cause mortality (7% vs 4% vs 1%, p = 0.10), stroke (6% vs 3% vs 2%, p = 0.21) or major vascular complications (10% vs 12% vs 4%, p = 0.14) were observed.

Conclusions
TAVI with self-expanding valves was safe, and device iterations may result in a lower need for PPI. More-than-mild PVL seemed to occur less often with repositionable technology.
Making sense of farmers’ demand for seed of root, tuber and banana crops: a systematic review of methods
Authors: Pircher Thomas , Almekinders Conny J. M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA demand-driven approach is becoming increasingly central in the efforts to improve agricultural research and development. However, the question of how exactly demand is studied usually remains unstated and is rarely discussed. We therefore carried out a systematic review in order to better understand how farmers’ demand for seed in root, tuber and banana seed systems is studied. The review is based on data from a consultation with an expert panel and a structured literature search in the SCOPUS database. Screening the gathered articles resulted in 46 studies on a global scale, fitting the scope of our investigation. Through qualitative analysis and categorization of these studies, we developed a classification scheme according to the types of approaches applied in the retained studies. One group of studies explicitly articulates farmers’ preferences and choices through surveys or engagements in trials, auctions, choice experiments and interviews. Other studies implicitly articulate farmers’ demand by characterising their current use of varieties and seed. We discuss opportunities and limitations in the use of each type of study and we reflect on the body of available literature as a whole. Our conclusion is that a framework is necessary that purposefully combines the existing different methods and that it is necessary to involve stakeholders in a process where demand is articulated. Together, these two steps would characterise existing demands in a more effective and precise way, thus providing better guidance to decision-makers in their reactions pertaining to seed systems.
Clinical features of migraine with onset prior to or during start of combined hormonal contraception: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Merki-Feld Gabriele S. , Sandor Peter S. , Nappi Rossella E. , Pohl Heiko , Schankin Christoph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMany studies have described the features of menstrually related migraines but there is a lack of knowledge regarding the features of migraine in combined hormonal contraceptive users (CHC). Hormone-withdrawal migraines in the pill-free period could differ from those in the natural cycle. Gynaecologic comorbidities, like dysmenorrhea and endometriosis, but also depression or a family history might modify the course of migraine. A better understanding of migraine features linked to special hormonal situations could improve treatment. For this prospective cohort study, we conducted telephone interviews with women using a CHC and reporting withdrawal migraine to collect information on migraine frequency, intensity, triggers, symptoms, pain medication, gynaecologic history and comorbidities (n = 48). A subset of women agreed to also document their migraines in prospective diaries. The mean number of migraine days per cycle was 4.2 (± 2.7). Around 50% of these migraines occurred during the hormone-free interval. Migraine frequency was significantly higher in women who suffered from migraine before CHC start (5.0 ± 3.1) (n = 22) in comparison to those with migraine onset after CHC start (3.5 ± 2.1) (n = 26). Menstrually related attacks were described as more painful (57.5%), especially in women with migraine onset before CHC use (72%) (p < 0.02). Comorbidities were rare, except dysmenorrhea. The majority of migraine attacks in CHC users occur during the hormone-free interval. Similar as in the natural cycle, hormone-withdrawal migraines in CHC users are very intense and the response to acute medication is less good, especially in those women, who developed migraine before CHC use.
Sustainable small-scale fisheries markets in the Mediterranean: weaknesses and opportunities
Authors: Penca Jerneja , Said Alicia , Cavallé Marta , Pita Cristina , Libralato Simone 
Published: April 2021

AbstractImproved access to markets by small-scale fisheries (SSF), as called by Sustainable Development Goal 14b and other global and Mediterranean policy documents, is impeded by the existing organisation of value chains and market structures, which are typically antagonistic to the nature of SSF. This article analyses the markets in the Mediterranean to map the drivers and feedback loops that keep fisheries in an unsustainable trajectory and reviews the key innovations in support of a socially, economically and environmentally sustainable small-scale fishing sector. We show how the current market is dominated by lack of product traceability and underappreciation of the inherent value of SSF products (e.g. local production, freshness, season dependence, quantitatively and culinary varied nature). In addition, due to a lack of organisation and the capacity to act, small-scale fishers are poised to have little to no influence over the price. In what we conceptualise as a response to the negative effects of existing market structures, we identify and classify initiatives that add value to SSF products, but not exclusively. These are the shortening of the value chain, innovation in the distribution channel, diversification in the type of product offered, promotion and education regarding SSF products, label and brand development and the empowerment of SSF communities through improved leadership, ownership, cooperation and coordination. We provide examples of these activities and propose the key types of intervention at various levels of governance to accelerate and capitalise on them in order to accomplish policy goals and achieve a better status of both the oceans and the fishers.
The Oxygen Uptake Plateau—A Critical Review of the Frequently Misunderstood Phenomenon
Authors: Niemeyer Max , Knaier Raphael , Beneke Ralph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA flattening of the oxygen uptake–work rate relationship at severe exercise indicates the achievement of maximum oxygen uptake $$\left({\text{VO}}_{2\max } \right)$$

VO

2
max

. Unfortunately, a distinct plateau $$\left( {{{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}} \right)$$

VO
2

pl

at $${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$

VO

2
max

is not found in all participants. The aim of this investigation was to critically review the influence of research methods and physiological factors on the $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$

VO
2

pl

incidence. It is shown that many studies used inappropriate definitions or methodical approaches to check for the occurrence of a $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$

VO
2

pl

. In contrast to the widespread assumptions it is unclear whether there is higher $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$

VO
2

pl

incidence in (uphill) running compared to cycling exercise or in discontinuous compared to continuous incremental exercise tests. Furthermore, most studies that evaluated the validity of supramaximal verification phases, reported verification bout durations, which are too short to ensure that $${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$

VO

2
max

have been achieved by all participants. As a result, there is little evidence for a higher $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$

VO
2

pl

incidence and a corresponding advantage for the diagnoses of $${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$

VO

2
max

when incremental tests are supplemented by supramaximal verification bouts. Preliminary evidence suggests that the occurrence of a $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$

VO
2

pl

in continuous incremental tests is determined by physiological factors like anaerobic capacity, $${{\text{VO}}}_{2}$$

VO
2

-kinetics and accumulation of metabolites in the submaximal intensity domain. Subsequent studies should take more attention to the use of valid $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$

VO
2

pl

definitions, which require a cut-off at ~ 50% of the submaximal $${{\text{VO}}}_{2}$$

VO
2

increase and rather large sampling intervals. Furthermore, if verification bouts are used to verify the achievement of $${{\text{VO}}}_{{2{\text{peak}}}}$$

VO

2
peak

/$${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$

VO

2
max

, it should be ensured that they can be sustained for sufficient durations.
An interpretable prediction method for university student academic crisis warning
Authors: Mingyu Zhai , Sutong Wang , Yanzhang Wang , Dujuan Wang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractData-driven techniques improve the quality of talent training comprehensively for university by discovering potential academic problems and proposing solutions. We propose an interpretable prediction method for university student academic crisis warning, which consists of K-prototype-based student portrait construction and Catboost–SHAP-based academic achievement prediction. The academic crisis warning experiment is carried out on desensitization multi-source student data of a university. The experimental results show that the proposed method has significant advantages over common machine learning algorithms. In terms of achievement prediction, mean square error (MSE) reaches 24.976, mean absolute error (MAE) reaches 3.551, coefficient of determination ($$R^{2}$$

R
2

) reaches 80.3%. The student portrait and Catboost–SHAP method are used for visual analysis of the academic achievement factors, which provide intuitive decision support and guidance assistance for education administrators.
Distribution and diversity of alternate hosts of Maruca vitrata Fabricius in three West African countries
Authors: Addae Prince Christopher , Bruce Y. Anani , Utono Iliyasu M. , Abudulai Mumuni , Traore Fousseni , Ishiyaku Mohammad F. , Adamu Rabiu S. , Seidu Ahmed , Batieno Benoît J. , Nwankwo Onyekachi Francis , Ba Malick N. , Adazebra Gloria A. , Tignegre Jean Baptiste , Dabiré-Binso Clémentine L. , Huesing Joseph E. , Hellmich Richard L. , Pittendrigh Barry R. , Tamò Manuele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe evolution of resistance to theBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) toxins by insect pests is a major threat toBttechnology. However, the rate of resistance can be slowed with appropriate integrated insect resistance management (IRM) strategies. Surveys were conducted to identify alternate host species forMaruca vitrata(commonly called the legume pod borer orMaruca) that could serve as refuges for Pod-Borer Resistant (PBR) cowpea in three West African countries (Ghana, Nigeria, and Burkina Faso). Survey sites included 25 in northern Ghana, 44 in northern Nigeria, and 52 in north-central and southwestern Burkina Faso. Alternate hosts ofMarucaidentified from plant species belonging to theFabaceaefamily that showed signs ofMarucadamage on cowpea tissues were collected and dissected. Larvae that were found during these dissections were reared to adult moths in the laboratory then identified to species. The alternate host plants including species ofCrotolaria,Sesbania,Tephrosia, andVignawere the most frequently encountered among sites and locations. Flowering and podding of these plants overlapped with flowering and podding of the nearby (~200 m) cowpea crop. Abundance of these wild hosts and overlapping flowering patterns with the cowpea crop in most locations have the potential to sustain ample numbers ofBtsusceptibleMarucathat will mate with possible resistantMarucaand deter resistance development. Further quantitative studies, however, are required from each location to determine if actualMarucaproduction from alternate hosts is sufficient for a PBR IRM strategy. If verified, this approach would be compatible with the high dose/refuge IRM strategy that includes alternate hosts and non-Btcrops as refuges.
Dietary patterns of 5-year-old children and their correlates: findings from a multi-ethnic Asian cohort
Authors: Sugianto Ray , Wong Shu Fang , Toh Jia Ying , Tint Mya Thway , Colega Marjorelee T. , Lee Yung Seng , Yap Fabian Kok Peng , Shek Lynette Pei-Chi , Tan Kok Hian , Godfrey Keith M. , Chong Yap Seng , Tai Bee Choo , Chong Mary Foong-Fong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThere is limited data on the dietary patterns of 5-year-old children in Asia. The study examined childhood dietary patterns and their maternal and child correlates in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Based on caregiver-reported 1-month quantitative FFQ of 777 children from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort, cluster analysis identified two mutually exclusive clusters. Children in the ‘Unhealthy’ cluster (43·9 %) consumed more fries, processed meat, biscuits and ice cream, and less fish, fruits and vegetables compared with those in the ‘Healthy’ cluster (56·1 %). Children with mothers of lower educational attainment had twice the odds of being assigned to the ‘Unhealthy’ cluster (adjusted OR (95 % CI) = 2·19 (95 % CI 1·49–3·24)). Children of Malay and Indian ethnicities had higher odds of being assigned to the ‘Unhealthy’ cluster (adjusted OR = 25·46 (95 % CI 15·40, 42·10) and 4·03 (95 % CI 2·68–6·06), respectively), relative to Chinese ethnicity. In conclusion, this study identified two dietary patterns in children, labelled as the ‘Unhealthy’ and ‘Healthy’ clusters. Mothers’ educational attainment and ethnicity were two correlates that were associated with the children’s assignments to the clusters. These findings can assist in informing health promotion programmes targeted at Asian children.