bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheological characterization of potassium carbonate deep eutectic solvent (DES) based drilling mud
Authors: Rasool Muhammad Hammad , Zamir Asif , Elraies Khaled A. , Ahmad Maqsood , Ayoub Muhammad , Abbas Muhammad Adeem , Ali Imtiaz 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDifferent additives are added in the drilling mud to increase its efficiency in terms of its rheology and filtration properties. Recently, the application of ionic liquids (ILs) has been exploited by various investigators as a drilling additive for improving the mud rheology. The more recent studies have shown that imidazolium-based ionic liquids (the most used class of ionic liquids in drilling fluids) are toxic. Moreover, the advancement in green chemistry has put a big question mark on the greener nature of ionic liquids because they are non-biodegradable and generally very expensive. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are the non-toxic and cheaper alternative of ionic liquids possessing the same qualities as of ILs. In our previous work, we used potassium carbonate and glycerol-based DES as a drilling fluid additive. We found that DES has successfully improved the mud rheology and filtration properties of the mud. In this current study, various characterizations have been conducted to understand the underlying mechanism behind DES as a rheology modifier. The characterization shows the improvement in rheology is due to the intercalation of DES between alumino-silicate layers and interaction of DES with clay which alters edge to face orientation of sodium bentonite and ultimately its dispersion behaviour. The addition of DES decreases average grain size and disperses the clay particles in mud slurry which reduce the overall permeability and porosity of the filter cake thus improving the filtration behaviour of the mud. Moreover, the behaviour of DES based mud is modelled at 25 °C and 100 °C which shows DES-based mud follows Herschel–Buckley model and exhibits shear thinning behaviour even at elevated temperature.
Monitoring a changing Arctic: Recent advancements in the study of sea ice microbial communities
Authors: Campbell Karley , Matero Ilkka , Bellas Christopher , Turpin-Jelfs Thomas , Anhaus Philipp , Graeve Martin , Fripiat Francois , Tranter Martyn , Landy Jack Christopher , Sanchez-Baracaldo Patricia , Leu Eva , Katlein Christian , Mundy C. J , Rysgaard Søren , Tedesco Letizia , Haas Christian , Nicolaus Marcel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSea ice continues to decline across many regions of the Arctic, with remaining ice becoming increasingly younger and more dynamic. These changes alter the habitats of microbial life that live within the sea ice, which support healthy functioning of the marine ecosystem and provision of resources for human-consumption, in addition to influencing biogeochemical cycles (e.g. air–sea CO2 exchange). With the susceptibility of sea ice ecosystems to climate change, there is a pressing need to fill knowledge gaps surrounding sea ice habitats and their microbial communities. Of fundamental importance to this goal is the development of new methodologies that permit effective study of them. Based on outcomes from the DiatomARCTIC project, this paper integrates existing knowledge with case studies to provide insight on how to best document sea ice microbial communities, which contributes to the sustainable use and protection of Arctic marine and coastal ecosystems in a time of environmental change.
Mortality by socio-economic class and its impact on the retirement schemes: how to render the systems fairer?
Authors: Jijiie Anca , Alonso-García Jennifer , Arnold Séverine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany OECD countries have addressed the issue of increased longevity by mainly increasing the retirement age. However, this kind of reforms may lead to substantial transfers from those with shorter lifespans to those that will live longer than the average, as they do not necessarily take into account the socio-economic differences in mortality. The contribution of our paper is therefore twofold. Firstly, we illustrate how both a Defined Benefit and a Notional Defined Contribution pay-as-you-go scheme can put the lower social economic classes at a disadvantage, when compared to the actuarially fair pensions. In contrast to that, higher classes experience a gain. This is due to the fact that mortality rates per socio-economic class are not considered by either scheme. Consequently, we propose a model that determines the parameters for each scheme and class which would render the pensions fairer even when no socio-economic mortality differences are considered.
Age, COVID-19-like symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity profiles after the first wave of the pandemic in France
Authors: Carrat Fabrice , Lapidus Nathanael , Ninove Laetitia , Blanché Hélène , Rahib Delphine , Saba Villarroel Paola Mariela , Touvier Mathilde , Severi Gianluca , Zins Marie , Deleuze Jean-François , de Lamballerie Xavier ,   for the SAPRIS-SERO study group, Carrat Fabrice , Ancel Pierre-Yves , Charles Marie-Aline , Severi Gianluca , Touvier Mathilde , Zins Marie , Bajos Nathalie , Jusot Florence , Martin Claude , Meyer Laurence , Pailhé Ariane , Rouquette Alexandra , Spire Alexis , Kab Sofiane , Renuy Adeline , Le-Got Stephane , Ribet Celine , Wiernik Emmanuel , Goldberg Marcel , Artaud Fanny , Gerbouin-Rérolle Pascale , Enguix Mélody , Laplanche Camille , Gomes-Rima Roselyn , Hoang Lyan , Correia Emmanuelle , Barry Alpha Amadou , Senina Nadège , Allegre Julien , Szabo de Edelenyi Fabien , Druesne-Pecollo Nathalie , Esseddik Younes , Hercberg Serge , Benhammou Valérie , Ritmi Anass , Marchand Laetitia , Zaros Cecile , Lordmi Elodie , Candea Adriana , de Visme Sophie , Simeon Thierry , Thierry Xavier , Geay Bertrand , Dufourg Marie-Noelle , Milcent Karen , Rahib Delphine , Lydie Nathalie , Lusivika-Nzinga Clovis , Pannetier Gregory , Lapidus Nathanael , Goderel Isabelle , Dorival Céline , Nicol Jérôme , Lai Cindy , Belhadji Liza , Esperou Hélène , Couffin-Cadiergues Sandrine , Gagliolo Jean-Marie , Blanché Hélène , Sébaoun Jean-Marc , Beaudoin Jean-Christophe , Gressin Laetitia , Morel Valérie , Ouili Ouissam , Deleuze Jean-François , Ninove Laetitia , Priet Stéphane , Saba Villarroel Paola Mariela , Fourié Toscane , Ali Souand Mohamed , Amroun Abdenour , Seston Morgan , Ayhan Nazli , Pastorino Boris , de Lamballerie Xavier 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The interplay between age and symptoms intensity on antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has not been studied in a general population setting.

Methods
We explored the serologic profile of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after the first wave of the pandemic, by assessing IgG against the spike protein (ELISA-S), IgG against the nucleocapsid protein (ELISA-NP) and neutralizing antibodies (SN) in 82,126 adults from a French population-based multi-cohort study.

Results
ELISA-S positivity was increased in 30- to 49-year-old adults (8.5%) compared to other age groups (5.6% in 20- to 29-year-olds, 2.8% in ≥ 50-year-olds). In the 3681 ELISA-S positive participants, ELISA-NP and SN positivity exhibited a U-shaped relationship with age, with a lower rate in 30- to 49-year-old adults, and was strongly associated with COVID-19-like symptoms.

Conclusion
Our study confirms the independent role of age and symptoms on the serologic profile of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, but the non-linear relationship with age deserves further investigation.
Investigation of CO Deactivation of Passive NOx Adsorption on La Promoted Pd/BEA
Authors: Ilmasani Rojin Feizie , Ho Phuoc Hoang , Wang Aiyong , Yao Dawei , Creaser Derek , Olsson Louise 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPassive NOx adsorption (PNA) is a method, in which NOx can be stored at low temperatures and released at higher temperatures where the urea decomposition is functional during selective catalytic reduction (i.e., above 180–200 °C). We have studied the promotion of Pd/BEA with La as a PNA in the presence of high CO concentration. Both the reference and promoted samples exhibited a significant loss of NOx adsorption/desorption capacity after multiple cycles using 4000 ppm CO. However, already after 5 cycles, 99% of the NOx released between 200 and 400 °C was lost for Pd/BEA, compared to only 64% for Pd-La/BEA, which thereafter was stable. XPS and O2-TPD clearly showed that the Pd species were influenced by La. The PNA deactivation in the presence of CO could be related to Pd reduction followed by migration and the formation of more PdOx clusters, as observed by O2-TPD analysis. Interestingly, significantly more PdOx clusters formed on Pd/BEA after 10 cycles compared to Pd-La/BEA.
Discrepancy in photosynthetic responses of the red alga Pyropia yezoensis to dehydration stresses under exposure to desiccation, high salinity, and high mannitol concentration
Authors: Du Guoying , Li Xiaojiao , Wang Junhao , Che Shuai , Zhong Xuefeng , Mao Yunxiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMacroalgae that inhabit intertidal zones are exposed to the air for several hours during low tide and must endure desiccation and high variations in temperature, light intensity, and salinity. Pyropia yezoensis (Rhodophyta, Bangiales), a typical intertidal red macroalga that is commercially cultivated in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, was investigated under different dehydration stresses of desiccation, high salinity, and high mannitol concentration. Using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, photosynthetic activities of P. yezoensis thalli were analyzed using six parameters derived from quenching curves and rapid light curves. A distinct discrepancy was revealed in photosynthetic responses to different dehydration stresses. Dehydration caused by exposure to air resulted in rapid decreases in photosynthetic activities, which were always lower than two other stresses at the same water loss (WL) level. High salinity only reduced photosynthesis significantly at its maximum WL of 40% but maintained a relatively stable maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm). High mannitol concentration induced maximum WL of 20% for a longer time (60 min) than the other two treatments and caused no adverse influences on the six parameters at different WL except for a significant decrease in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) at 20% WL. Illustrated by chlorophyll fluorescence images, severe spatial heterogeneities were induced by desiccation with lower values in the upper parts than the middle or basal parts of the thalli. The NPQ and rETRmax (maximum relative electron transport rate) demonstrated clear distinctions for evaluating photosynthetic responses, indicating their sensitivity and applicability. The findings of this study indicated that the natural dehydration of exposure to air results in stronger and more heterogeneous effects than those of high salinity or high mannitol concentration.
Global governance and inter-organizational relationships in the nuclear safety sector
Authors: Kjøndal Kjerstin L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn response to global challenges the interconnectedness between different organizations is seen as the sine qua non, and one of the most important aspects of the organizational environment is cooperation and conflicts between organizations. This paper aims at contributing to an emerging ‘inter-organizational turn’ in world politics by studying the relationship between the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and the paper suggests that inter-organizational cooperation and conflict are based on flows of information, trust, resource dependencies, and how responsibilities and roles are divided between organizations. Moreover, the paper indicates that organization type and organization size are important to understand patterns of cooperation and conflicts between organizations operating at the global level, and the paper also suggests that organizational birthmarks are important to understand why tensions are triggered.
ASER: Animal Sex Reversal Database
Authors: Li Yangyang , Chen Zonggui , Liu Hairong , Li Qiming , Lin Xing , Ji Shuhui , Li Rui , Li Shaopeng , Fan Weiliang , Zhao Haiping , Zhu Zuoyan , Hu Wei , Zhou Yu , Luo Daji 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sex reversal, representing extraordinary sexual plasticity during the life cycle, not only triggers reproduction in animals but also affects reproductive and endocrine system-related diseases and cancers in humans. Sex reversal has been broadly reported in animals; however, an integrated resource hub of sex reversal information is still lacking. Here, we constructed a comprehensive database named ASER (Animal Sex Reversal) by integrating sex reversal-related data of 18 species from teleostei to mammalia. We systematically collected 40,018 published papers and mined the sex reversal-associated genes (SRGs), including their regulatory networks, from 1611 core papers. We annotated homologous genes and computed conservation scores for whole genomes across the 18 species. Furthermore, we collected available RNA-seq datasets and investigated the expression dynamics of SRGs during sex reversal or sex determination processes. In addition, we manually annotated 550 in situ hybridization (ISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) images of SRGs from the literature and described their spatial expression in the gonads. Collectively, ASER provides a unique and integrated resource for researchers to query and reuse organized data to explore the mechanisms and applications of SRGs in animal breeding and human health. The ASER database is publicly available at http://aser.ihb.ac.cn/.
Pathway Enrichment Analysis of Microarray Data Fom Human Penis of Diabetic and Peyronie’s Patients, in Comparison with Diabetic Rat Erectile Dysfunction Models
Authors: Searl Tim , Ohlander Samuel , McVary Kevin T. , Podlasek Carol A. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundErectile dysfunction (ED) is a debilitating medical condition in which current treatments are minimally effective in diabetic patients due to neuropathy of the cavernous nerve, a peripheral nerve that innervates the penis. Loss of innervation causes apoptosis of penile smooth muscle, remodeling of corpora cavernosa (penile erectile tissue) morphology, and ED.AimIn this study, microarray and pathway analysis were used to obtain a global understanding of how signaling mechanisms are altered in diabetic patients and animal models as ED develops, in order to identify novel targets for disease management, and points of intervention for clinical therapy development.Methods and OutcomesHuman corpora cavernosal tissue was obtained from diabetic (n = 4) and Peyronie’s (control, n = 3) patients that were undergoing prosthesis implant to treat ED, and BB/WOR diabetic (n = 5) and resistant (n = 5) rats. RNA was extracted using TRIzol, DNase treated, and purified by Qiagen mini kit. Microarray was performed using the Human Gene 2.0 ST Array. (i) Alterations in patient and diabetic rat pathway signaling were examined using several analytical tools (ShinyGO, Metascape, WebGestalt, STRING) and databases, (ii) Strengths/weaknesses of the different pathway analysis tools were compared, and (iii) Comparison of human and rat (BB/WOR and Streptozotocin) pathway analysis was performed. Two technical replicates were performed. P value (FDR) &lt; .15 was used as threshold for differential expression. FDR &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsMicroarray identified 182 differentially expressed protein-coding genes. Pathway analysis revealed similar enrichments with different analytical tools. Down regulated pathways include development, tubular structure, sprouting, cell death, ischemia, angiogenesis, transcription, second messengers, and stem cell differentiation. ED patients, who have diabetes, incur significant loss of normal regulatory processes required for repair and replacement of injured corpora cavernosal tissue. Combined with loss of apoptotic regulatory mechanisms, this results in significant architectural remodeling of the corpora cavernosa, and loss of regenerative capacity in the penis.Clinical TranslationThis first report of microarray and pathway analysis in human corpora cavernosa, is critical for identification of novel pathways pertinent to ED and for validating animal models.Strengths and LimitationsThe analysis of tissue specific gene expression profiles provides a means of understanding drivers of disease and identifying novel pathways for clinical intervention.ConclusionPenis from diabetic ED patients lacks capacity for maintenance of corpora cavernosal architecture and regeneration, which are critical points for intervention for therapy development.
Evaluating the clinical effectiveness of new beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination antibiotics: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wilson Geneva M. , Fitzpatrick Margaret A. , Walding Kyle , Gonzalez Beverly , Schweizer Marin L. , Suda Katie J. , Evans Charlesnika T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Ceftazidime/avibactam (C/A), ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), imipenem/relebactam (I/R), and meropenem/vaborbactam (M/V) combine either a cephalosporin (C/T and C/A) or a carbapenem antibiotic (M/V and I/R) with a β-lactamase inhibitor. They are used to treat carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and/or multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA).

Objective:
We compared the pooled clinical success of these medications to older therapies.

Methods:
PubMed and EMBASE were searched from January 1, 2012, through September 2, 2020, for C/A, C/T, I/R, and M/V studies. The main outcome was clinical success, which was assessed using random-effects models. Stratified analyses were conducted for study drug, sample size, quality, infection source, study design, and multidrug-resistant gram-negative organism (MDRGNO) population. Microbiological success and 28- and 30-day mortality were assessed as secondary outcomes. Heterogeneity was determined using I2 values.

Results:
Overall, 25 articles met the inclusion criteria; 8 observational studies and 17 randomized control trials. We detected no difference in clinical success comparing new combination antibiotics with standard therapies for all included organisms (pooled OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.96–1.51). We detected a moderate level of heterogeneity among the included studies I2 = 56%. Studies that focused on patients with CRE or MDRPA infections demonstrated a strong association between treatment with new combination antibiotics and clinical success (pooled OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.60–3.57).

Conclusions:
C/T, C/A, I/R, and M/V are not inferior to standard therapies for treating various complicated infections, but they may have greater clinical success for treating MDRPA and CRE infections. More studies that evaluate the use of these antibiotics for drug-resistant infections are needed to determine their effectiveness.
Optimizing Highly Infectious Disease Isolation Unit Management: Experiences From the Infectious Diseases Isolation and Research Unit, Fort Portal, Uganda
Authors: Alum Susan , Asiimwe Moses , Kanyomozi Gerald , Nalikka Jacqueline , Okwaro Peace , Migisha Isabella , Muhindo Brenda , Wailagala Abdullah , Okello Stephen , Blair Paul , Waitt Peter , Bhadelia Nahid , Ayebare Rodgers , Kwiecien Antonia , Saunders David , Lamorde Mohammed , Kibuuka Hannah , Clark Danielle 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Infectious disease outbreaks on the scale of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are a new phenomenon in many parts of the world. Many isolation unit designs with corresponding workflow dynamics and personal protective equipment postures have been proposed for each emerging disease at the health facility level, depending on the mode of transmission. However, personnel and resource management at the isolation units for a resilient response will vary by human resource capacity, reporting requirements, and practice setting. This study describes an approach to isolation unit management at a rural Uganda Hospital and shares lessons from the Uganda experience for isolation unit managers in low- and middle-income settings.
Knocking on the barracks’ door: How role conceptions shape the military's reactions to political demands
Authors: Harig Christoph , Ruffa Chiara 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAcademic research on civil-military relations often assumes that dangers for democracy and civilian control mainly emanate from the military's predisposition of ‘pushing’ its way into politics. Yet, civilian control frequently is a precondition for governments’ moves of ‘pulling’ the military into roles that may potentially be problematic. These can include the military's involvement in political disputes or internal public security missions. Notwithstanding its empirical relevance, little academic work has been devoted to understanding how ‘pulling’ works. In this article, we aim to provide a first, exploratory framework of ‘pulling’ that captures the dynamics of the military's reactions and indirect consequences for civil-military relations. We identify three analytically distinct phases in which pulling occurs. First, politicians initiate either operational or political pulling moves. Second, we situate the military's reaction on a spectrum that ranges from refusal to non-conditional compliance. This reaction is driven by the military's role conceptions about appropriate missions and their relation to politics. In a third phase, the military may slowly start shifting its role conceptions to adapt to its new roles. We illustrate our argument with case studies of two different instances of pulling: operational pulling in the case of France (2015–19) and operational – then-turned-political – pulling in the case of Brazil (2010–20).
First report on the diet and reproductive biology of red-toothed triggerfishOdonus niger(Ruppell, 1836) from the south-eastern Arabian Sea
Authors: Suyani Nitin Kanji , Rajesh Mridula , Rajesh Kothanahally Mallegowda 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe feeding habits and reproductive biology of red-toothed triggerfishOdonus niger(Ruppell, 1836) was analysed from 449 specimens collected from the Karnataka coast of the south-eastern Arabian Sea. Of the total stomachs examined, only 54 (12%) were empty and 395 contained food remains. The diet comprised crustacean remains (48.0%), zooplankton (21.4%), algae (16.5%), fish remains (6.1%) and cephalopod remains (5.3%) along with partially digested matter (2.3%) and detritus (0.4%). The species was found to be a generalist feeder and an omnivore. The overall sex ratio between males and females (1: 0.44) was significantly (P< 0.05) different. Histological examination of the ovaries indicated asynchronous ovarian development in females, with males maturing earlier than females. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) patterns of males and females, and the presence of ripe ovaries and spermatozoids suggested that April–May is the peak spawning period. The absolute and relative fecundity estimates ranged from 16,464–312,420 eggs and 251–2812 eggs g−1respectively. Fecundity was positively correlated with total length and body weight. The biological information on diet composition and reproductive traits provided for the first time in this study can facilitate conservation, management and sustainable exploitation of this species in the study area.