bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The study of soil biological and chemical properties on palm oil plant rhizosphere with and without palm oil mill effluent applications
Authors: Siahaan Megawati , Sakiah  , Sutanto Arief S , Lawary A , Mahmuda R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a by-product of palm oil mills. POME application to the field must comply with the regulations issued by the Minister of Environment. The research objective was to determine the soil biological and chemical properties in the rhizosphere of palm oil plant on the land with and without POME application. The research used factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 treatments, the first factor was with and without POME application. The second factor was the sample distance from palm oil trees, namely 0 m, 100 cm, 200 cm, 300 cm and 400 cm. Data were analyzed with the analysis of variance at a 5% level and continued with the DMRT at significantly different treatments. The results showed that the POME application had a significant effect on total microbes, soil respiration and cation exchange capacity. The total microbes, C-organic, soil respiration, cation exchange capacity and alkaline saturation on the POME application land were 34.7 x 10−6 CFU ml-1, 2.16%, 1.4 mg C (CO2), 11.1 cmol kg−1 and 40.75%, while on land without POME applications were 1.63 x 10−6 CFU ml−1, 2.32%, 0.52 mg CO2, 7.59 cmol kg−1, and 70.63%. Soil sampling at a distance of 0, 100 cm, 200 cm, 300 cm and 400 cm from the palm oil tree towards the POME application trench had a significant effect on total microbes and soil respiration. The highest of total microbes and soil respiration at 0 cm from oil palm trees were 34.07 x 10−6 CFU ml−1 and 1,14 mg C (CO2). The interaction between soil sampling from the application land and without the application land with the sampling distance treatment from palm oil trees had a significant effect on the soil total microbes parameters. The conclusions of this research were; the application of POME with BOD 180 mgL-1 and COD 593 mgL-1 on palm oil plantations can increase the total soil microbes, soil respiration and cation exchange capacity but did not increase C-organic and alkaline saturation. The closer the application to the palm oil plant rhizosphere, the higher the distribution and microbial activity.
Efficacy of application time of Penicillium sp. suspension on White Root Fungus (Rigidoporus lignosus) in Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans)
Authors: Chairudin  , Agustinur  , Permadi J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cultivation of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is running into several problems, one of these is caused by white root fungus (Rigidoporus lignosus) which causes losses to nutmeg farmers. This fungus is known to be controlled by biological control using microorganisms such as Penicillium sp. This research was conducted to determine the efficacy of application time of Penicillium sp. crude extract against white root fungus (Rigidoporus lignosus) in nutmeg plants. The design used in this study was a non-factorial completely randomized design with the main factor being the application time of Penicilllium sp. crude extract with 4 treatments. Each treatment on 7 replicates. Control without suspension application Penicillium sp. (PK0), Application of Penicillium sp. 7 days before inoculation of Rigidoporus lignosus (PK1), Application of suspension of Penicillium sp. concurrently with Rigidoporus lignosus (PK2) inoculation, Application of suspension of Penicillium sp. 7 days after Rigidoporus lignosus (PK3) inoculation. Total are 28 experimental units. In this case, the test plants used are 11 months old nutmeg. The research parameters consisted of the incubation period, disease incidence and attack intensity. The results showed that the treatment at one-time application of the suspension of Penicillium sp. Significantly affect the intensity of attacks and the incidence of infectious disease pathogens Rigidoporus lignosus. Application time for Penicillium sp. 7 days before the suspension of Rigidoporus lignosus is the best offer in the attack of Rigidoporus lignosus disease.
Geothermal Well Targeting in Consideration To Geological Structures of Mataloko Field, Flores
Authors: Sumotarto Untung , Yunis Yudistian , Hendrasto Fajar , Pudyastuti Kris , Sammuel Evan R. , Rizky Dhany , Nayoan Arthur G.P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mataloko is one of the geothermal fields on the island of Flores, East Nusa Tenggara, which is an area of exploration, production and is expected to be able to be used for electricity generation. Geologically, Mataloko area is quite strong affected by faults and fractures geological structures. Drilling geothermal well should be considered carefully in respond to active tectonic activity in Nusa Tenggara islands in particular Flores. Directional drilling should be planned in an area where geological structures are less affection to the well drill direction. Wae Luja – Ratogesa area is an example area where geological structures should be considered accurately. Results of geological mapping have significant attention to geological structures while geophysical data analysis should be heavily considered for subsurface geological structural analysis. Exploration shallow wells have been drilled to a depth of 756.47 meters showing temperature of above 185 degrees Celsius. Using geological as well as geophysical data analysis, it is interpreted that base of cap rock is approximately at the elevation of +855 masl to +20 masl. Combining the analysis results directional drilling could be planned carefully.
The Opportunities and Constraints of Wind Energy
Authors: Siahaya A A S , Setiati R , Malinda M T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the most dominant energy sources is the fossil energy. However, fossil energy based power plant is one of the primary contributors of greenhouse gas which is the main cause of global warming. Besides that, the supply of fossil energy keeps on depleting along the year. Because of that, the availability of New and Renewable Energy (NRE) sources to overcome these problems are vital. Up until this moment, several types of NRE such as water energy, geothermal, and bioenergy have been utilized. However, the utilization capacity is pretty low and needs to be enhanced, either by optimizing the existing NRE or by exploring other type of non-fossil energy source as alternative NREs. One of the non fossil energy sources that have the potential is the wind energy. Indonesia has many areas that have the potential for developing PLTB because they have an average annual wind speed of 3.4-4.5 seconds or have an energy between 200 kWh/m to 1000 kWh/m. In operation, the exhaust emissions produced by wind power plants in the form of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and atmospheric pollutants are less when compared to power plants using fossil fuels. In addition, carbon dioxide emissions from wind power plants are only one hundredth of that of fossil fuels. Thus, it can be said that the development of electricity with wind power has good prospects to be applied in several regions in Indonesia.
Solar Energy Hybrid Control System Design Photovoltaic Using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Ramadan Ramadan Salem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Design of hybrid control system of solar energy and State Electricity Company electrical energy using fuzzy logic controller aimed to set the time switch control with State Electricity Company electrical energy. The control system uses fuzzy logic to control when the dynamic load is supplied by the solar array and when supplied by a source of electricity. Input of fuzzy logic is the intensity of sunlight, the load current and the percentage of state of charge of the battery. The output of the fuzzy logic is a dynamic load of electricity supplied by the source. Switch on time is dependent on the three input. Results of experiments with the initial battery state of charge by 25%, switch control on at the time outside the peak load and can maintain the condition of the battery state of charge between 20-90%. Daily load changes of ± 20% does not affect the performance of the switch control (works well).
Sustainable Development on Indonesian Environmental Risk Assessment
Authors: Basoeki Agastyo Djanardono , Herdiansyah Herdis , Adhitya Wardhana Yuki M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Environmental risks in Bank financing activities arguably draw considerable attention in current era, efforts to mitigate these risks are one way for the Bank to achieve sustainable development. Nevertheless, there are no universal consensus of what environmental risks. This paper will summarize and define environmental risk from several previous studies using literature reviews, in order to obtain a comprehensive summary of the definition of environmental risk for bank financing especially in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study will also describe the mitigation that has been carried out by Banks in Indonesia in dealing with these risks, as well as other efforts that can be taken to better mitigate these risks. The study results found that environmental risk consists of: Transition Risk, Physical Risk, Liability Risk, Legality Risk and Reputation Risk. This study also finds that banks in Indonesia still do not have adequate mitigation against these risks. Transition, legality, and reputation risks can be optimally mitigated by enhancing the Bank’s management capabilities, especially in improving the company’s human resources in environmental protection efforts. Physical and liability risks on the other hand can be further mitigated by increasing the minimum required insurance coverage for the Bank’s debtors including environmental liability insurance and weather insurance.
Contribution of Oil Palm Plantation to Household in Kolaka District of Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Saediman Haji , Rahmayana Rahmayana , Indarsyih Yusna , Budi Nuryamin , Yunus Lukman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to find out the contribution of oil palm plantation to the household income of villagers in Kolaka District. The study was conducted in three villages in an oil palm plantation zone in Tanggetada sub-district, Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi. We selected 73 respondents from the three villages, representing partner farmers, casual workers in the plantation, and partner-farmers who were casual workers. A questionnaire-based interview method and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were used to collect data and information. Research results showed that 68.5% of respondents perceived the plantation to have contributed positively to the household income. The average annual income they received from the plantation was Rp18,915,818 or 57.5% of the total household income. While the present income level was rated slightly better than before, respondents rated the stability of income and the suitability with skills as “same as before,” and rated leisure time and work satisfaction as “worse than before.” The local government and the plantation company should maximize the plantation’s livelihood benefits to enhance social sustainability of oil palm production.
Protecting Biodiversity: The Importance of Understanding the Role of Government and Society in Human-Urban Wildlife Interaction in Indonesia
Authors: Puspitasari Peni , Herdiansyah Herdis , Asteria Donna 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIndonesia is a tropical country that is endowed with high biodiversity. Ironically, it turns out that Indonesia is one of the countries with a high level of loss of biodiversity. Indonesia, especially in big cities like Jabodetabek, has experienced a high urban expansion. This change becomes, the occurrence of changes in wildlife to urban wildlife that increases the interaction between humans and urban wildlife. This paper examines the importance of urban wildlife in Indonesia by summarizing several multidisciplinary studies in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issues and problems that exist in Indonesian urban wildlife and how important the role of government and society is in Urban Human-Wildlife Interaction in Indonesia. Land conversion, ignorance and lack of knowledge about urban wildlife, likewise the influence of economic and political factors in regulation that are issues in urban wildlife in Indonesia. The dimensions are likely to be the main drivers of urban area management, and they need to be properly implemented and integrated in all phases of management.
Habitat characteristics and population of leptophryne javanica in Curug Cisurian, Kopi Bojong, and Ciinjuk in Gunung Ciremai National Park
Authors: Karyaningsih Ika , Nurdin  , Indra W , Herlina Nina , Nurlaila Ai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mount Ciremai National Park (TNGC) has a high diversity of flora and fauna, one of which is Leptophryne javanica. Amphibians of the Ordo Anura are declared as new species. Habitat disturbance and destruction by natural and human activities is one of the main threats to the extinction of this species. The purpose of this study was to determine the habitat characteristics and populations of the Leptophryne javanica species in TNGC. The method used in this study is the analysis of vegetation as well as data collection on environmental physical conditions for habitats and capture mark re-capture for population data. Correlation analysis used is the rank sperman. Based on the results of research on vegetation at the tree and pole level that dominates is Nangsi (Villebrun rubescens ) while at the lower plant and seedling level is Balakacida (Barreria laevis ). Physical environmental parameters that significantly affect the species of Leptophryne javanica are water temperature with a value (-min) -0.953, this shows that the lower the water temperature at a certain level, the more the number of Leptophryne javanica populations will be found
Characteristics of Dry Carrot Noodle (Daucus carota L) with Proportion of Wheat Flour and White Oyster Mushroom Flour (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Hudi L , Saidi I A , Azara R , Pratiwi T R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dry noodles are food processed products made from wheat flour with or without the addition of other food ingredients with a moisture content of around 8 to 10%, this product is very popular with the public. This study studied the effect of the proportion of white oyster mushroom flour with wheat flour on the characteristics of dry carrot noodles. The proportions given include; 100% wheat flour, 20% mushroom flour with 80% wheat flour, 40% mushroom flour with 60% flour, 60% mushroom flour with 40% wheat flour, 80% mushroom flour with 20% wheat flour, and the proportion of mushroom flour 100 %. The experimental design used a single randomized block design, then statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and further test of BNJ 5%. The results showed that the proportion of mushroom flour with wheat flour had a very significant effect on cooking loss, physical color redness, moisture content, protein content and color sensory tests, aroma, texture, and taste on dry carrot noodles. Also had a significant effect on physical texture and beta-carotene levels, and had no significant effect on lightness and yellowness on the physical color test. The best treatment in making dry carrot noodles is the proportion of 20% wheat flour with 80% mushroom flour, which shows the results of the analysis of cooking loss (6.46%), lightness (15.76), redness (-2.4), yellowness (4.95). ), physical texture (1.57 kg/cm2), water content (50.82%), protein content (15.45%)and organoleptic test for color 3.67 (neutral ), aroma 4.00 (like), texture 3.33 (neutral), taste 3.67 (neutral).
Optimization and Validation Methods for Assay of Acyclovir Cream Determination by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Zaenudin Muhamad , Situmorang Almawati , Supandi S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim this study is to obtain an effective and efficient of method for assay of acyclovir cream determination. Chromatographic separation on a reverse phase a YMC - Triart C18 column (4.6 x 150 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase consisted of water and acetonitrile (95: 5 v/v) at a flow rate 1.2 mL/min with UV-Vis detection at 252 nm, volume injected was 20 μL, with UV detection at 252.0 nm. The retention time of acyclovir was ± 3.5 min. Validation studies were achieved by using the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, accuracy, selectivity parameter. The LOD and LOQ values were 0.27 µg/mL and 0.83 µg/mL. The average standard deviation (RSD) value of precision is 0.35% and accuracy is 0.34%. Robustness shows that the method is resistant to variation in the mobile phase, the Acyclovir cream analysis method meets the ICH 1994 requirements, so it can be applied to the assay of Acyclovir determination in Cream dosage forms.
A cross-sectional study of vitamin A, C and D and Iron daily intake among adolescents and its correlation with over nutrition status
Authors: Putri M A M , Indarto D , Widyaningsih V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Obesity in adolescents has significantly increased in the last ten years, characterized by high consumption of unhealthy diet such as drinking sugar sweetened beverages and eating fast foods. Such foods contain high carbohydrates, high saturated fats, low fibers and low micronutrients like vitamin A, C, and D, and Fe. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation of daily micronutrients intake and over-nutrition status in adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 45 adolescents with over nutrition in Surakarta city. Data of daily vitamin A, C, and D and Fe were collected using a 24 hours’ food recall questionnaire, which was then converted using a free Nutrisurvey software whilst over nutrition status was determined using the World Health Organization Anthro chart. To assess the correlation of individual variable with over-nutrition status, the Rank Spearman test was used and the multiple linear regression test was used to analyze all together variables with over-nutrition status. Daily intake of Vitamin A (r = 0.052; p = 0.736), vitamin C (r = 0.113; p = 0.459), and Fe (r = 0.106; p = 0.487) were not correlated with over-nutrition status but vitamin D intake significantly correlated with over-nutrition status (r = -0.410; p = 0.005). In conclusion, daily micronutrients intake has different correlations with over-nutrition status among adolescents.
The teak log volume estimation model for Sawn Timber: Case in Forest Management Unit (FMU) Bojonegoro – Perhutani – East Java - Indonesia
Authors: Abdulah L , Imanuddin R , Utama A P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cultivation of teak continues to be developed. The decision to harvest teak trees depends on the economic value. The economic value of the teak tree is the money value contained in the teak trunk which is divided into parts which are then called nodes. The determination of the part is based on the diameter size. Perhutani recognizes three classes of nodes namely A1 (10 - 19 cm), A2 (20 - 29 cm) and A3 (> 30 cm) and are expressed in the log volume table (TVL). Perhutani’s TVL stated the relationship between tree circumference and log volume. This relationship is expressed in the estimator model and classified by nodes. To enter these numbers using constants that are difficult to account for. For this reason, this study aims to provide a volume estimator model for teak logs. The method used is a destructive method and regression analysis. The results showed that TVL in FMU can be explained based on the class of nodes but ignores the place of growth. The shape of the model is compound. This model works well at tree circumference intervals of 50 - 250 cm. Research like this needs to be propagated with wider tree circumference intervals.
Alternative income of Tomini Bay Coastal Communities (case study in Bone Bolango District, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia)
Authors: Yapanto Lis M , Harahab Nuddin , Musa Dahniar Th. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to assess the household diversification of coastal fishing on the welfare of coastal communities in the District of Kabila Bone, Bolango District, for 5 months, since October 2019-December 2019. Samples of the coastal community of 200 people, making do with a survey method. The data collected are primary data and secondary data were done by using observation, interview techniques, documentation techniques. Based on the model developed from the relevant theory, then tested on a model using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) based on SMART PLUS. The results of the analysis of business diversification models suggest that the utilization of environmental services does not affect the welfare of coastal communities.
NANOEMULATION OF MIXED Tephrosia vogelii AND Piper aduncum AS AN ALTERNATIVE CONTROL OF CABBAGE PEST Crocidolomia pavonana
Authors: Lina Eka Candra , Reflin  , Erlina Lei Harismi , Tama Duma Putri 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNanoemulsion is a preparation consisting of an oil phase and a water phase with particle sizes in the range of 20-200 nm. The study aimed to obtain a mixed nanoemulsion fromPiper aduncumfruit andTephrosia vogeliileaves as an active botanical insecticide against larvae ofCrocidolomia pavonana. Nanoemulsions were made using a low energy method, namely spontaneous emulsification using a magnetic stirrer and then followed by a toxicity test. The nanoemulsion toxicity test was carried out singly and in a mixture onC. pavonanalarvae using the deep leaf method. The results showed that at the LC50 and LC95 nanoemulsion of mixtureT. vogeliiandP. aduncumextract was synergistic and showed higher activity than a single nanoemulsion ofT. vogeliiandP. aduncum.
Robotics in Shared Service Centers in Emerging Economies
Authors: Pérez-Morón James , Marrugo-Salas Lina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper provides a better understanding of Robotic Process Automation-RPA phenomena on the accounting / management activities of Shared Service Centers-SSCs in emerging economies specifically in Latin America - LATAM. Due to the rawness of RPA concept in this attractive region for SSCs, this study aims to explore how automation will affect the future of accounting work in SSCs. This research uses a qualitative approach; it has chosen a single case study meth-od based on purposive sampling as well as semi-structured interviews. A literature review was conducted to analyze the relevant research papers related to RPA within the Scopus Web of Science databases ranging from year 2006 until present. An analysis has been outlined following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. This study provides an understanding of organizational changes on accounting /management processes. 33% of all positions from the SSC were eliminated, which its 40% were part of the accounting staff. The existing accounting positions after RPA were associated to decision makings and information analysis. The case demonstrates that RPA generates cost savings, is not perfect and re-quires initial human interaction and monitoring. To the best of author’s knowledge, there is no article on RPA in SSC’s based in LATAM. The authors help to close this gap, particularly in equipping SCSs in LATAM with knowledge in accounting and management areas that may be automated.