bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Model for Tumor Budding Status using Radiomics Features of 18F-PET/CT and in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Chong Gun Oh , Park Shin-Hyung , Jeong Shin Young , Kim Su Jeong , Park Jee Young , Lee Yoon Hee , Lee Sang-Woo , Hong Dae Gy , Park Ji Young , Han Hyung Soo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare radiomics feature on 18F-FDG PET/CT and intratumoral heterogeneity according to tumor budding (TB) status and to develop predicting model for TB status using radiomics feature of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with cervical cancer.Materials and methodsA total of 76 cervical cancer patients who performed radical hysterectomy and preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT were included. We assessed the status of intratumoral budding (ITP) and peritumoral budding (PTB) in all available hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens. Three conventional metabolic parameters and a total of 59 features were extracted and analyzed. Univariate analysis was used to identify significant metabolic parameters and radiomics findings for TB status. Predicting model for TB status was built by the LASSO regularization.ResultsThe univariate analysis lead to the identification of 2 significant metabolic parameters and 12 significant radiomic features according to ITB status. Among these parameters, only compacity was remained in multivariate analysis for ITB status (odds ratio. 5.0047; 95% confidence interval, 1.1636 – 21.5253; p = 0.0305). Five radiomics features (Kurtosis, Compacity, Short-Zone Low Gray-level Emphasis, Coarseness, Low Gray-level Run Emphasis) were selected by the LASSO regularization and the predicting model for ITB status had a mean area under curve of 0.810 in training dataset and 0.794 in validation dataset.ConclusionRadiomics features on 18F-FDG PET/CT was associated with ITB status. The predicting model using radiomics features successfully predicted TB status in cervical cancer. The predicting models for ITB status may contribute to personalized medicine in the management of cervical cancer patients.
Comparison of Ray Tracing and Monte Carlo Calculation Algorithms for Spine Lesions Treated with CyberKnife
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Xile , Pan Yuxi , Zhuang Hongqing , Yang Ruijie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study attempts to evaluate Ray Tracing (RT) and Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm for CyberKnife treatments of spine lesions and determine whether MC algorithm is necessary for all spine treatment and analyze which sites of spine lesion for which RT algorithm is comparable to MC algorithm. Methods: The CyberKnife is used for stereotactic body radiotherapy for lesions in the cervical spine (30), thoracic spine (50), lumbar spine (30) and sacral spine (15). Dose was calculated using RT and MC algorithms for patients planned with the same beam angles and monitor units. Dose-volume histograms of the target and selected critical structures are evaluated. Results: The average target coverage of prescribed dose with MC algorithms was 94.80%, 88.47%, 92.52% and 93.41% respectively in cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine. For thoracic spine, RT algorithm significantly overestimates the percentage volume of target covered by the prescribed dose, as well as overestimates doses to organs at risk in most cases, including lung, spinal cord and esophagus. For cervical, lumbar and sacral spine, the differences of the target coverage of prescription dose were generally less than 3% between the RT and MC algorithms. The differences of doses to organs at risk varied with lesion sites and surrounding organs. Conclusions: In the thoracic spine lesions with beams through air cavities, RT algorithm should be limited and verified with MC algorithm, but the RT algorithm is adequate for treatment of cervical, lumbar and sacral spine lesions without or small amount of beams passing through the lungs.
Remediation of 4-Nitroaniline by Plaster-Based Permeable Reactive Barriers Containing Zero Valent Iron (ZVI): Precast Plaster Retaining Wall Blocks for Environmental Applications
Authors: boudia saliha , fernane farida , sharrock patrick j , fiallo marina m.l. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) containing zero valent iron (ZVI), plaster and additives to make a porous composite structure was tested to remove an organic nitro compound as model pollutant. An aqueous solution of 4-nitroaniline (PNA) was passed through a porous plaster composite column and chemical degradation quantified by UV-Vis spectroscopy. PNA was reduced to p-phenylenediamine and the rate of the reduction was strongly related to ZVI amount, pollutant volume, and the contact rate with metal particles. The parameters could be controlled by reactor design and operation. The columns were made to test the materials for making precast plaster blocks containing ZVI. The results showed that such porous plaster blocks could be efficient as retaining walls for environmental applications.
Impact of Ramadan Fasting on Migraine Headache
Authors: Al-Hashel Jasem Yousef , Abokalawa Fathi , Toma Raneem , Algubari Amani , Ahmed Samar Farouk 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Fasting is known as a migraine trigger for migraine. Muslims fast one month every luminal year. We aimed to study the impact of The Holy month of Ramadan on episodic migraine.Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed as migraine according to The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICDH-3). Both genders, aged between 18 and 65 years were included. The impact of fasting and changing habits during the month of Ramadan was studied. Frequency, severity of migraine attacks and number of analgesic days during Ramadan were compared to those during Shaban, the Immediate previous month to Ramadan. Number of breaking fasting due to migraine was reported.Results: This study identified 293 with migraine with mean age and mean disease duration 37.09 ±9.36, 12.34±9.27 years respectively. Most of them were females(89.1%). During Ramadan month, the patient had significant increase in migraine days 10.42±7.98 compared with 6.90±6.55 migraine days during the previous month (p < 0.001). Also, days of analgesic use (11.32±10.46 versus 6.11±6.69;P<0,001) and migraine severity (7.46±2.39 versus 6.84±2.25; P<0,001) were significantly increased during Ramadan compared to Shaban. Most of the patients completed fasting the whole month of Ramadan. A minority (1.7) could not tolerate fasting whole Ramadan due intolerable migraine headache and 36.5% broke their fasting for some days during Ramadan. Some patients changed previous prophylactic therapy before fasting to reduce the impact of fasting on migraine headache. Most of our cohort (82.3%) continue on the same management plan for migraine during Ramadan. Majority of cohort (75.4%) reported that migraine interfered with their daily activities due to fasting during Ramadan. Conclusion: Ramadan fasting has negative impact on the majority of migraine patients. Physicians should educate migraine patients who to manage their headache and habits before starting fasting.
Lipidomics Profiling of Goose Granulosa Cells Model of SCD Function Identifies a Pattern of Lipid Droplets Associated with Follicle Development
Authors: Yuan Xin , Hu Shenqiang , Li Liang , Han Chunchun , Liu Hehe , He Hua , Xia Lu , Hu Jiwei , Hu Bo , Ran Mingxia , Liu Yali , Wang Jiwen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Despite their important functions and nearly ubiquitous presence in cells, an understanding of the biology of intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) in goose follicle development remains limited. An integrated study of lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses was performed in a cellular model of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) function, to determine the effects of intracellular LDs on follicle development in geese. Numerous internalized LDs, which were generally spherical in shape, were dispersed throughout the cytoplasm of granulosa cells (GCs) by confocal microscopy analysis, with altered SCD expression affecting LD content. GCs lipidomics profiling showed that the majority of the differentially abundant lipids classes were glycerophospholipids, including PA, PC, PE, PG, PI and PS, and glycerolipids, including DG and TG, which enriched the glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism. As compared with lipidomics, transcriptomics provided differentially expressed genes (DEGs), part of which were assigned to lipid-related Gene Ontology slim terms. More DEGs were assigned in the SCD-knockdown group than in the SCD-overexpressed group. Integration of the differentially significant genes and lipids into pathway enrichment analysis identified potentially targetable pathways in glycerolipid/glycerophospholipid metabolism. These results demonstrated the importance of lipids in providing novel insights to understand follicle development, thus providing a potential lead to new avenues for deciphering the underlying mechanisms of lipid-mediated follicle development.
What Factors Impact Pedestrian and Cyclist Fatalities? A State Level Analysis
Authors: Hafeez Zoabe , Mehta Malvi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Pedestrian and bicyclist injuries and fatalities have increased since 2010 after a long downward trend. Trucks and SUVs, collectively called light trucks, have also increased in sales and size, which may affect pedestrians and bicyclists. Additionally, pedestrian and cyclist commuters vary by state and it has been speculated that an increase in such commuters may affect fatalities. Studying vulnerable road users can bestow clues on best practices for infrastructure and public health.
Methods

State level pedestrian and cyclist fatality data was obtained from the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration for 2018. Light truck registration by state was obtained from the Office of Highway Policy Information for 2018. Commuters who walk or bike to work were obtained from the American Community Survey from 2009 to 2011, from the latest Centers for Disease Control report. We performed multiple linear regression, accounting for total motor vehicle lane miles per 100 people, also obtained from the Office of Highway Policy Information for 2018. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess predictors for pedestrian and cyclist fatalities with the predictors variables of light truck registration, lane miles per 100 people, and proportion of commuters who are vulnerable road users. Secondary analysis included simple linear regression of the predictor variables against each other.
Results

The multiple regression model, including proportion of light truck registration, lane miles per 100 people, and proportion of commuters who are vulnerable road users, accounted for 18% of the variability in the outcome variable (p = 0.03). An increased number of vulnerable road users were negatively associated with pedestrian and bicyclist fatality. Additionally, there appeared to be an association between motor vehicle lane miles per 100 people and proportion of light truck registrations that was also significant (p < 0.01).
Conclusion

The variables affecting vulnerable road user deaths are important to understand given their increased risk exposure on the road. This state level study identifies a potential protective variable with increased vulnerable road users being associated with a decrease in pedestrian and bicyclist death rates. Additionally, light truck proportions do not appear to have a significant effect on death rates.
Enzymatic Coupled Mechanical Defibrillation Process for the Production of Corn (Zea Mays) Cob Microfibrillated Cellulose: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation as Pickering Emulsifier for Oil-In-Water Emulsion
Authors: Tang Teck-Kim , Lee Yee-Ying , Phuah Eng-Tong , Tan Chin-Ping , Kanagaratnam Sivaruby , Wang Yong , Cheong Ling-Zhi , Li Ying , Jamalullail Nurul Aini , Lai Oi-Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is a type of nanocellulose having multiple functionalities. Typically, MFC was produced from mechanical high pressure homogenization process. However, this process is energy intensive and the fibrous nature of MFC often causes instrument blockage. The present study aims to utilize endoglucanse enzyme as environmentally friendly approach to pretreat fiber structure prior to undergoing mechanical defibrillation for the production of MFC from corn cob. Alkaline and bleached pretreated corn cob was treated with endoglucanase Fibercare R from 0% to 2.5% before passing through high pressure homogenizer. It was found that incorporation of 0.02% of endoglucanase was sufficient to soften the corn cob cellulose and further prevent the blockage of homogenizer. Subsequently, the 0.02% endoglucanse treated corn cob was passed through different cycles of homogenization from 0 cycle to 10 cycle for MFC production. It was observed that the water retention, zeta potential and shear viscosity of the MFC increases with homogenization cycle. MFC produced had a gel like consistency. Next, emulsifying stabilizing properties of MFC produced from cycle 0 to cycle 10 as well as their amount from 0 % to 1% were also assessed. Increase in homogenization cycle and the amount of MFC promote emulsion stability as observed from the low creaming index which is mainly attributed to the high shear viscosity and G’G’’ crossover of the emulsion. In all, the MFC derived from corn cob via enzymatic coupled with high pressure homogenization process has the potential to be used as gel like stabilizer in oil-in-water food emulsion system.
Xylitol Production From Sugarcane Bagasse Through Ultrasound-Assisted Alkaline Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Followed by Fermentation
Authors: Thapa Sabitri Siris , Shrestha Smriti , Sadiq Muhammad Bilal , Anal Anil Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study focused on the optimization of xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse by using response surface methodology (RSM). Xylitol was produced through a series of processes, firstly, optimization of ultrasound assisted mild alkaline pretreatment for the xylan extraction from sugarcane bagasse followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan to xylose by enzyme β-1,4-xylanase and finally microbial fermentation of xylose to xylitol using yeast (Candida guilliermondii), bacteria (Corynebacterium glutamicum) and their mixed culture for different time periods (0-96 h). Maximum xylan recovery of 12.059% (w/w) was observed at pretreatment; 0.73 M NaOH, 1:38.55 solid to liquid ratio and 34.77 min ultrasonication. The enzyme concentration of 400 U/g xylan at 48 h of incubation showed the highest xylose production (81.51 mg/g bagasse). Yeast (Candida guilliermondii) resulted in the highest xylitol yield (Yp/s= 0.43 g/g) after 72 h. This bioprocess route can contribute as a suitable alternative for chemical methods of xylitol production.
Post-Translational Cleavage of HMW-GS Dy10 allele improves the cookie-making quality in common wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Qing , Li Yang , Guo Zhenru , Liu Caihong , Wan Yongfang , Hawkesford Malcolm , Zhu Jing , Wu Wang , Wei Meiqiao , Zhao Kan , Jiang Yunfeng , Zhang Yazhou , Xu Qiang , Kong Li , Pu Zhien , Deng Mei , Jiang Qiantao , Lan Xiujin , Wang Jirui , Chen Guoyue , Ma Jian , Zheng Youliang , Wei Yuming , Qi Pengfei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Wheat is a major staple food crop worldwide because of the unique properties of wheat flour. High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs), which are among the most critical determinants of wheat flour quality, are responsible for the formation of glutenin polymeric structures via interchain disulfide bonds. We herein describe the identification of a new HMW-GS Dy10 allele (Dy10-m619SN). The amino acid substitution (serine-to-asparagine) encoded in this allele resulted in a partial post-translational cleavage that produced two new peptides. These new peptides disrupted the interactions among gluten proteins because of the associated changes to the number of available cysteine residues for interchain disulfide bonds. Consequently, Dy10-m619SN expression decreased the size of glutenin polymers and weakened glutens, which resulted in wheat dough with improved cookie-making quality, without changes to the glutenin-to-gliadin ratio. In this study, we clarified the post-translational processing of HMW-GSs and revealed a new genetic resource useful for wheat breeding.
Reappraising the Role of Trans-Sphenoidal Surgery in Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Tumors.
Authors: Mattogno Pier Paolo , D’Alessandris Quintino Giorgio , Chiloiro Sabrina , Bianchi Antonio , Giampietro Antonella , Pontecorvi Alfredo , De Marinis Laura , Olivi Alessandro , Anile Carmelo , Lauretti Liverana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Backgrounds: Prolactinomas represent a unique challenge for endocrinologists and neurosurgeons. Considering recent innovations in surgical practice, the authors aimed to investigate the best management for prolactinomas.Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional and monocentric study was designed. Consecutive patients affected for prolactinomas were enrolled if treated with first line treatment with dopamine-agonist (DA) or trans-sphenoidal surgery (TS). Patients carried giant prolactinomas and those with a follow-up < 12 months were excluded. Results: 259 patients were enrolled. The first treatment was DA for 140 patients and TS for 119 cases. 146 of 249 patients (58.6%) needed a second therapy. Mean follow up was 102.2 months (12-438 months). Surgery highly impacted on the cure rate, in particular in females (p=0.0021) and in microprolactinomas (p=0.0020). Considering multivariate analysis, female gender and surgical treatment in the course of clinical history were the only independent positive predictors of cure at the end of 5 years follow-up (p=0.0016, p=0.0005). The evaluation of serum prolactin (24 hours after TS) revealed that 86.4% of patients with post-operative PRL≤10 ng/ml resulted cured at the end of follow-up (p< 0.0001).Conclusion: According to our experience, surgery allows a high cure rate of prolactinomas, particularly in females with microadenoma, with a good safety profile. TS for prolactinomas should be considered as concrete option, during the multidisciplinary evaluation, in centers of reference for pituitary diseases.
Determinants of Numbers on Antenatal Care Visits in Rural Ethiopia: A Multilevel Negative Binomial Regression Analysis
Authors: Azanaw Melkalem Mamuye , Gebremariam Alemayehu Digssie , Dagnew Fentaw Teshome , Dawid Hiwot Yisak , Yemata Getaneh Atikilt , Birhanie Binyam Minuye , Engidaw Melaku Tadege , Asnakew Desalegn Tesfa , Zewde Edgiet Abebe , Tiruneh Sofonyas Abebaw 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Antenatal care (ANC) is an umbrella term used to describe medical care and procedures that are carried out for pregnant women. Data on the number of antenatal care visits can help policymakers to show the gap in service provision. So, the paper determines associated factors of the number of antenatal care visits among women who gave birth in the last five years in rural Ethiopia.Methods: Total weighted sample of 6611 women who gave birth in the 5 years preceding the survey were included from the nationally representative 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. We used multi-level negative binomial regression analysis to consider the hierarchal nature of the data. In the multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered to be significantly associated with the number of antenatal care visits. Results: Overall, 27.3% (95% CI: 14.63, 15.76) of women had at least four antenatal care visits during their pregnancy in rural Ethiopia. Age group 25-29 years (adjusted incidence rate ratio (AIRR)=1.13,95% CI:1.02,1.26), household rich wealth status (AIRR=1.17, 95% CI:1.04,1.31), women’s educational status (primary, AIRR=1.19,95% CI:1.08,1.32; Secondary, AIRR= 1.30,95% CI:1.08,1.55; above secondary, AIRR=1.35, 95%CI:1.07,1.71), partner educational status (primary, AIRR=1.16, 95%CI:1.05,1.28; secondary, AIRR=1.22,95% CI:1.08,1.38), and autonomy to decision to their care (AIRR=1.25,95%CI:1.10,1.42) were positively associated individual-level factors with number of antenatal care visits whereas having a birth order of five or more (AIRR=0.80,95% CI: 0.69,0.94) was a negatively associated factor with number of antenatal care visits. Among community-level variables; being in higher community level literacy (AIRR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.59) and higher poverty level (AIRR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.92) were significantly associated factors with the number of antenatal care visits. Conclusions and recommendations: The level of antenatal care visits in rural areas was low. Age of women, wealth status, women's educational status, partner educational status, autonomy to decision making in health care, and birth order were the most important associated factors with the number of antenatal care visits. Furthermore, poverty and literacy are also important determinants at the community level. Addressing economic and educational interventions for rural women should be given the top priority.
MRI-Based Assessment of Masticatory Muscle Changes in TMD Patients After Whiplash Injury
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Lee Kyung Mi , Auh Q-Schick 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the change in volume and signal in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) after whiplash injury based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to correlate them with other clinical parameters.
Methods
Ninety patients (64 women, 26 men; mean age: 39.36 ± 15.40 years), including 45 patients with symptoms of TMD after whiplash injury (wTMD), and 45 age- and sex-matched controls with TMD due to idiopathic causes (iTMD) were included. TMD was diagnosed using the study diagnostic criteria for TMD Axis I, and MRI findings of the TMJ and masticatory muscles were investigated. To evaluate the severity of TMD pain and muscle tenderness, we used a visual analog scale (VAS), palpation index (PI), and neck PI.
Results
TMD indexes, including VAS, PI, and neck PI were significantly higher in the wTMD group. In the wTMD group, muscle tenderness was highest in the masseter muscle (71.1%), and muscle tenderness in the temporalis (60.0%), lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) (22.2%), and medial pterygoid muscle (15.6%) was significantly more frequent than that in the iTMD group (all p < 0.05). The most noticeable structural changes in the masticatory muscles occurred in the LPM with whiplash injury. Volume (57.8% vs. 17.8%) and signal changes (42.2% vs. 15.6%) of LPM were significantly more frequent in the wTMD group than in the iTMD group. The presence of signal changes in the LPM was positively correlated with the increased VAS scores only in the wTMD group (r = 0.346, p = 0.020). The prevalence of anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWoR) (53.3% vs. 28.9%) and disc deformity (57.8% vs. 40.0%) were significantly higher in the wTMD group (p < 0.05). The presence of headache, sleep problems, and psychological distress was significantly higher in the wTMD group than in the iTMD group.
Conclusion
Abnormal MRI findings and their correlations with clinical characteristics of the wTMD group were different from those of the iTMD group. The underlying neuropathophysiology may differ depending on the cause of TMD, raising the need for a treatment strategy accordingly.