bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1005. DROSERA ALLANTOSTIGMA: Droseraceae
Authors: Cross Adam T. , Krueger Thilo A. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryDrosera allantostigma (N.G.Marchant & Lowrie) Lowrie & Conran is illustrated and described. The species is a tiny herbaceous carnivorous plant native to a single roadside location in Western Australia, from which it has not been observed in almost a decade. Weed encroachment, agricultural runoff and altered hydrology continue to affect the location. We discuss the conservation status and threats facing the species, and suggest that D. allantostigma may be the first Australian carnivorous plant to have become extinct in the wild.
Rethinking the phonetics of baby‐talk: Differences across Canada and Vanuatu in the articulation of mothers' speech to infants
Authors: McClay Elise K. , Cebioglu Senay , Broesch Tanya , Yeung H. Henny 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInfant‐directed speech (IDS) is phonetically distinct from adult‐directed speech (ADS): It is typically considered to have special prosody—like higher pitch and slower speaking rates—as well as unique speech sound properties, for example, more breathy, hyperarticulated, and/or variable consonant and vowel articulation. These phonetic features are widely observed in the IDS of caregivers from urbanized contexts who speak a handful of very well‐researched languages. Yet studies with more diverse socio‐cultural and linguistic samples show that this “typical” IDS prosody is not consistently observed across cultures. We extended cross‐cultural work by examining IDS speech segment articulation, which—like prosody—is also thought to be a characteristic phonetic feature of IDS that might aid speech and language development. Here we asked whether IDS vowels have different articulatory features compared to ADS vowels in two distinct linguistic and socio‐cultural contexts: urban English‐speaking Canadian mothers, and rural Lenakel‐ and Southwest Tanna‐speaking ni‐Vanuatu mothers (n = 57, 20–46 years of age). Replicating prior work, Canadian mothers had more variable vowels in IDS compared to ADS, but also did not show clear register differences for breathiness or hyperarticulation. Vowels spoken by ni‐Vanuatu mothers showed very distinct articulatory tendencies, using less variable (and less breathy) IDS vowels. Along with other work showing diversity in IDS phonetics across populations, this paper suggests that any understanding of how IDS might aid speech and language development are best examined through a culturally‐ and linguistically‐specific lens.
Impact of lipoprotein(a) level on cardiometabolic disease in the Chinese population: The CHCN‐BTH Study
Authors: Xia Juan , Guo Chunyue , Cao Han , Liu Kuo , Peng Wenjuan , Sun Yanyan , Xie Yunyi , Li Bingxiao , Zhang Fengxu , Wen Fuyuan , Zhang Ling 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of promising compounds to lower lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has increased the need for a precise characterisation and comparability assessment of Lp(a)‐associated cardiometabolic disease risk. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of Lp(a) levels in a Chinese population and characterise the association with cardiometabolic diseases.MethodsWe assessed data from individuals from the Cohort Study on Chronic Diseases of the General Community Population in the Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei Region project. All Lp(a) measurements were performed in the same hospital. The cardiometabolic diseases considered were coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).ResultsA total of 25343 individuals were included in the study. The median level of Lp(a) was 11.9 mg/dl (IQR 5.9 to 23.7 mg/dl), and higher Lp(a) levels showed a significant concentration‐dependent association with CHD risk. Individuals with Lp(a) levels lower than the 25th percentile were at increased risk of hypertension (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06–1.25) and T2DM (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03–1.28); however, Lp(a) levels were not significantly associated with stroke. The addition of Lp(a) levels to the prognostic model led to a marginal but significant C‐index, integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement.ConclusionsIn this large sample size study, we observed that elevated Lp(a) levels were significantly associated with CHD. Furthermore, we found that the lowest Lp(a) levels were also significantly associated with hypertension and T2DM. These results provide evidence for differential approaches to higher levels of Lp(a) in individuals with different cardiometabolic diseases.
Performance of field‐scale lab vs in situ visible/near‐ and mid‐infrared spectroscopy for estimation of soil properties
Authors: Greenberg Isabel , Seidel Michael , Vohland Michael , Ludwig Bernard 
Published: October 2021

AbstractComparison of laboratory versus in situ visible/near‐ (visNIR) and mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopy for prediction of various soil properties is required to demonstrate trade‐offs between accuracy and efficiency. Field measurements were made on an arable field in Germany (silt loam Haplic Luvisol) using visNIR (ASD FieldSpec 3 Hi‐Res) and MIR (Agilent Technologies 4300 Handheld FTIR) and material was collected for lab visNIR (Foss XDS Rapid Content Analyzer) and MIR (Bruker‐TENSOR 27) measurements on dried and ground soil and determination of total, labile (>63 μm light), stabilized (>63 μm heavy + <63 μm oxidizable) and resistant organic carbon (OC) content, total nitrogen (Nt), pH and texture. Partial least squares regression models were calculated for five repeated partitions of the dataset (n = 238) into training (75%) and test (25%) sets. Lab spectral models outperformed in situ models for total OC (root mean squared error [RMSE] = 0.24–1.0 g kg−1), Nt (RMSE = 0.026–0.088 g kg−1), pH (RMSE = 0.12–0.28) and texture (RMSE = 0.53–1.5%). For both lab and field spectra, the accuracy of visNIR models was comparable or slightly better than MIR for sand, silt and clay. Spectral estimations for labile (RMSE = 0.34–0.47 g kg−1) and stabilized OC (RMSE = 0.41–0.85 g kg−1) were slightly (lab spectra) to substantially (field spectra) inferior to estimations from multiple linear regressions using total OC, Nt, clay and pH as predictors. Variable importance in the projection scores elucidated differences in spectral prediction mechanisms by spectrometer and OC fraction, and found mineral spectral signatures were highly important. For this field‐scale study with 14% median soil gravimetric water content (GWC), the loss of accuracy from lab to field measurement was lower for visNIR than MIR. Analysis of the driest soils (<9% GWC) found field MIR outperformed field visNIR for OC and Nt estimation and vice versa for the wettest soils (>18%), demonstrating the moisture dependence of performance rankings.Highlights
Lab vs field visible/near‐ (visNIRS) and mid‐infrared (MIRS) spectroscopy require comparison for prediction of soil C fractions, N, pH and texture.
Lab MIRS prediction of C, N and pH were superior, while texture estimations were comparable or slightly inferior to lab visNIRS.
At 14% median soil water content, the loss of accuracy from lab to field measurement was lower for visNIRS than MIRS.
The ranking of field visNIRS vs MIRS performance for C and N estimation is moisture dependent.
Information technology and public administration modernization in a developing country: Pursuing paperless clearance at Ghana customs
Authors: Addo Atta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite significant information technology (IT) implementations in public administrations of developing countries to change their dysfunctional traditional practices towards modern forms, the outcomes are typically disappointing relative to the potential of IT for organizational change. With a case study of the customs clearance process when importing goods through Ghana's main port, the Tema Harbour, we explore why IT struggles to modernize traditional practices of public administration in a developing country context. We focus on explaining the persistence of paper use at Ghana customs despite more than a decade of digitalization and automation to establish paperless processes that eliminate malpractices of traditional clearance. We view modernization as a process of long‐term institutional change and therefore draw from the literature on IT and institutional change to focus our investigation on the dynamics of incongruent institutional logics of IT and public administration. We show that in the administration context of a developing country like Ghana, the endurance of patrimonial logics in the state and broader society, coupled with high levels of administrative discretion and ambivalent or weak compliance pressure limit the realization of IT for modernization and allows hybrid practices to emerge.
Ultra low loss (Mg1 − xCax)2SiO4dielectric ceramics (x = 0 to 0.15) for millimeter wave applications
Authors: Hameed Iqra , Li Lei , Liu Xiao Qiang , Chen Xiang Ming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract(Mg1 − xCax)2SiO4dense ceramics (x ≥ 0.15) were prepared, and their microwave dielectric characteristics were investigated together with the structure evolution. The sintering temperature for Mg2SiO4ceramics was reduced significantly with Ca2+substitution. (Mg1 − xCax)2SiO4ceramics exhibited a small increase in dielectric constant (εr) correlated with increased crystallite size, and ultra‐high quality factorQfvalue was achieved throughout the compositional range. Temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) was considerably tuned from −70 ppm/°C to −33 ppm/°C, and this improvement was deeply linked with the decreased bond valance. At x = 0.075, (Mg1 − xCax)2SiO4ceramics exhibited the best combination of microwave dielectric characteristics:εr = 7.2,Qf = 199,800 GHz at 26 GHz,τf = −33 ppm/°C. The present ceramics could be expected as promising candidate of dielectric materials for millimeter wave applications.
Efficacy and safety of topical finasteride spray solution for male androgenetic alopecia: a phase III, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Piraccini B.M. , Blume‐Peytavi U. , Scarci F. , Jansat J.M. , Falqués M. , Otero R. , Tamarit M.L. , Galván J. , Tebbs V. , Massana E. ,   the Topical Finasteride Study Group
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundOral finasteride is a well‐established treatment for men with androgenetic alopecia (AGA), but long‐term therapy is not always acceptable to patients. A topical finasteride formulation has been developed to minimize systemic exposure by acting specifically on hair follicles.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical finasteride compared with placebo, and to analyse systemic exposure and overall benefit compared with oral finasteride.MethodsThis randomized, double‐blind, double dummy, parallel‐group, 24‐week study was conducted in adult male outpatients with AGA at 45 sites in Europe. Efficacy and safety were evaluated. Finasteride, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations were measured.ResultsOf 458 randomized patients, 323 completed the study and 446 were evaluated for safety. Change from baseline in target area hair count (TAHC) at week 24 (primary efficacy endpoint) was significantly greater with topical finasteride than placebo (adjusted mean change 20.2 vs. 6.7 hairs; P < 0.001), and numerically similar between topical and oral finasteride. Statistically significant differences favouring topical finasteride over placebo were observed for change from baseline in TAHC at week 12 and investigator‐assessed change from baseline in patient hair growth/loss at week 24. Incidence and type of adverse events, and cause of discontinuation, did not differ meaningfully between topical finasteride and placebo. No serious adverse events were treatment related. As maximum plasma finasteride concentrations were >100 times lower, and reduction from baseline in mean serum DHT concentration was lower (34.5 vs. 55.6%), with topical vs. oral finasteride, there is less likelihood of systemic adverse reactions of a sexual nature related to a decrease in DHT with topical finasteride.ConclusionTopical finasteride significantly improves hair count compared to placebo and is well tolerated. Its effect is similar to that of oral finasteride, but with markedly lower systemic exposure and less impact on serum DHT concentrations.
Reference value of hematologic, urologic, and organ weights of 2‐ to 4‐year‐old long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) in the context of toxicological studies
Authors: Rho Jinhyung , Lee Ju‐Yeon , Yang Mi‐Jin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe long‐tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) is an Old World species, which is one among the most commonly used monkeys for pharmaceutical research. However, most of the available background data are not suitable for good laboratory practice (GLP)‐regulated drug safety tests because the current reverence value covers fewer indices than necessary. Therefore, in this study, historical data for preclinical safety test were collected and managed.MethodsTwenty‐five hematology, 20 clinical chemistry, 19 urine analysis, and 16 organ weights were evaluated in a drug safety test of 228 male and 140 female 2‐ to 4‐year‐old long‐tailed macaques at the Korea Institute of Toxicology under GLP regulations.ResultsThe absolute and relative count of lymphocyte, basophil, and large unstained cell were higher, whereas neutrophil was lower in male than in female monkeys. In serum biochemistry, IP, GGT, ALP, and TCHO of male were higher than female.ConclusionHistorical data suitable for preclinical safety analysis were determined.
A radical imagination for nursing: Generative insurrection, creative resistance
Authors: Dillard‐Wright Jessica 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the crucible of the pandemic, it has never before been clearer that, to ensure the relevance and even the survival of the discipline, nursing must cultivate a radical imagination. In the paper that follows, I trace the imperative for conjuring a radical imagination for nursing. In this fever dream for nursing futures, built on speculative visions of what could be, I draw on anarchist, abolitionist, posthuman, Black feminist, new materialist and other big ideas to plant seeds of generative insurrection and creative resistance. In thinking through a radical imagination, I unpack the significance of reparatory history for nursing, a discipline founded on normative whiteness. From there, I consider what it would take to shift the capitalist frame of healthcare to one of mutual aid, which requires the deep work of abolition. With a radical imagination that breaks down the enclosures that contain us through reparatory history, mutual aid and abolition, kinship becomes urgently possible.
Intermembrane Translocation of Photodynamically Generated Lipid Hydroperoxides: Broadcasting of Redox Damage†
Authors: Girotti Albert W. , Korytowski Witold 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs), including cholesterol‐ and phospholipid‐derived species, are reactive intermediates that arise during photosensitized peroxidation of unsaturated lipids in biological membranes. These intermediates may appear in cancer cell membranes during anti‐tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT). Photodynamically generated LOOHs have several different fates, including (a) iron‐catalyzed one‐electron reduction to free radical species which trigger damaging chain peroxidation reactions, (b) selenoperoxidase‐catalyzed two‐electron reduction to redox‐inert alcohols (LOHs), and (c) spontaneous or protein‐mediated translocation to other lipid membrane compartments where (a) or (b) may take place. These different LOOH fates will be described in this review, but with special attention to category (c), which the authors were the first to describe and characterize. Seminal early findings on cholesterol hydroperoxide (ChOOH) translocation and its potential negative consequences will be discussed. In reviewing this work, we wish to congratulate Jean Cadet, for his many outstanding accomplishments as a photobiologist and P&P editor.
Blood component use and injury characteristics of acute trauma patients arriving from the scene of injury or as transfers to a large, mature US Level 1 trauma center serving a large, geographically diverse region
Authors: Liu Zhinan , Ayyagari Rajiv C. , Martinez Monegro Edison Y. , Stansbury Lynn G. , Arbabi Saman , Bulger Eileen M. , Vavilala Monica S. , Hess John R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced trauma care demands the timely availability of hemostatic blood products, posing special challenges for regional systems in geographically diverse areas. We describe acute trauma blood use by transfer status and injury characteristics at a large regional Level 1 trauma center.Study design and methodsWe reviewed Harborview Medical Center (HMC) Trauma Registry, Transfusion Service, and electronic medical records on acute trauma patients for demographics, injury patterns, blood use, and in‐hospital mortality, 2011–2019.ResultsAmong 47,471 patients (mean age 45.2 ± 23.0 years; 68.3% male; Injury Severity Score 12.6 ± 11.1), 4.7% died and 8547 (18%) received at least one blood component through HMC. Firearms injuries were the most often transfused (690/2596, 26.6%) and the most urgently (39.9% ≥3 units in <1 h; 40.6% ≥5 units in <4 h), and had the highest mortality (case‐fatality, 12.2%) (all p < .001). From‐scene patients were younger than transfers (42.9 ± 21.0 vs. 47.2 ± 24.4), predominated among firearms injuries (68.2% from‐scene vs. 31.8% transfers), were more likely to receive blood (18.5% vs. 17.6%) more urgently (≥3 units first hour, 24.4% vs. 7.7%; ≥5 units first 4 h: 25.6% vs. 8.2%), were more likely to die of hemorrhage (15.5% vs. 4.3%) and from firearms injuries (310/1360, 22.8%) (all p < .001).DiscussionEarly blood use, firearms injuries, and mortality were all greater among from‐scene patients, and firearms injuries had worse outcomes despite greater and more urgent blood use, but the role of survivor bias for transfer patients must be clarified. Future research must identify strategies for providing local hemostatic transfusion support, particularly for firearms injuries.
Tramas cruzadas en el extraño caso de Juan Luis Martínez
Authors: Gutiérrez Plaza Arturo 
Published: October 2021

En este artículo se hace una revisión de algunas tramas cruzadas en la obra de Juan Luis Martínez, particularmente en La nueva novela, relativas específicamente a 1) sus modos de inserción en el campo poético chileno, considerando especialmente las formas en las que se relacionan con las obras de Vicente Huidobro y la Nicanor Parra, que anteceden su obra; 2) sus estrategias de simulación, parodia y ocultamiento de la figura y de la identidad del autor, así como su paradójica vinculación con el legado borgiano; 3) las convergencias y divergencias entre el pensamiento oriental y occidental o la asunción de la imposibilidad del poema: el pajarístico atrapado en la red del ideograma.
Effect of Sucrose Catalyst in the Catalytic Converter on Performance and Emission of Spark Ignition Engine
Authors: Sathyanarayanan S. , Suresh S. , Sridharan M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, experimental attempts were made to reduce exhaust gas toxic emissions from the spark ignition (SI) engine. For this, a sucrose catalyst is coated inside the metallic substrate. The obtained emission level was compared with the results of commercial catalysts for lean-burn operations. The engine was operated at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% loads and the highest NOx conversion efficiency of 60.217% at 40% engine load and 70.732% of hydrocarbon (HC) conversion efficiency at 100% engine load was achieved. Exhaust emissions from the sucrose-coated catalytic converter are observed to be lower than the conventional commercial converter. Also, this paper attempts to predict the emission characteristics of both rigs kept under observation using a fuzzy logic expert system (FLES). Both the input and output responses from the real-time SI engine are used to train and test the proposed FLES. The FLES proposed in this study can predict the emission characteristics of both conventional and sucrose coated catalytic converters with an accuracy of 97%.
Cross-Sectional Design and Case Study for Flexible Pipe
Authors: Zuo Qian , Ali Liaqat , Bai Yong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Flexible pipes are compounded by many concentric layers, with different structural and operational functions. These layers are usually made of distinct materials, including metal and plastic. To accurately meet the working requirements of the pipes and reduce its production cost, the primary purpose of this paper is to present the cross-sectional design procedure and the case study for a specific unbonded flexible pipe is also illustrated. In this paper, the mathematical analysis and finite element analysis are employed to study the properties of pipe under different working conditions. A theoretical model for stresses and deformations of the pipe have been studied, and the obtained results have been compared with the ones from the FEM which is used to simulate the pipe under different working conditions. Additionally, the several models will be developed to study mechanical responses of pipes subjected to several loads. The results and FEA models can be useful for the designing structure of flexible pipes.
Initial Design and Analysis of a Compressed Natural Gas Transport System
Authors: Yin Decao , Ludvigsen Halgeir , Lie Halvor , Fylling Ivar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Offloading hoses/flexible pipes are used to transfer compressed natural gas (CNG) from an intermediate floating storage and offloading unit (FSO) to CNG vessel (GASVESSEL). The floating hoses are subjected to environmental loads that are mainly waves, current, and vessel motions from both the FSO and the CNG vessel.
Preliminary design of loading/unloading system and dynamic positioning system has been performed. Dynamic analysis of the loading/offloading hose and positioning analysis of the FSO and CNG vessel have been carried out numerically in this study.
It is verified that the designed loading/unloading system and positioning system of the two vessels (FSO and CNG vessel) are able to operate safely under the sea-state Hs = 6 m within the defined ESD1 zone.
Effects of Temperature and Chemical Admixtures on the Properties of Rock-Based Geopolymers Designed for Zonal Isolation and Well Abandonment
Authors: Chamssine Fawzi , Khalifeh Mahmoud , Eid Elsayed , Minde Mona Wetrhus , Saasen Arild 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the impact of temperature and admixture-based salts on the mechanical and rheological properties, and composition of geopolymers was studied. Neat geopolymer and Class-G cement, manufactured by Dyckerhoff, were used as reference samples at elevated temperatures. To enhance the additive properties of the geopolymer slurry, a combination of K and Zn was examined with a variety of K:Zn ratio ranging from ∼0.15 to ∼0.25. The workability of samples was tested by using an atmospheric consistometer, while other rheological properties were examined by running fluid loss test, and rotational viscometer test. The sample with the best workability was cured for 1, 3, and 7 days at bottomhole static temperatures of 70 and 80°C and pressure of 140 MPa where the mechanical properties were examined by ultrasonic cement analyzer and uniaxial compressive strength test. X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the composition of samples at different curing times and temperatures.
The obtained results showed that the salt derivative admixtures have a significant impact on the oligomerization and polycondensation phases, where it distinctively elongated the setting time, enhanced strength, and strength development. On the other hand, the temperature effect was clearly observed by reducing rheological properties, while maintaining similar mechanical properties.