bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between triglyceride-glucose index, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and death in Korean adults: A retrospective study based on the NHIS-HEALS cohort
Authors: Kim Joungyoun , Shin Sang-Jun , Kang Hee-Taik 
Published: November 2021

Background
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable indicator of insulin resistance. We aimed to investigate the TyG index in relation to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs and mortality.

Methods
This retrospective study included 114,603 subjects. The TyG index was categorized into four quartiles by sex: Q1, <8.249 and <8.063; Q2, 8.249‒<8.614 and 8.063‒<8.403; Q3, 8.614‒< 8.998 and 8.403‒<8.752; and Q4, ≥8.998 and ≥8.752, in men and women, respectively. To calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the primary outcomes (CCVDs and all-cause mortality) and secondary outcomes (cardiovascular diseases [CVDs], cerebrovascular diseases [CbVDs], CCVD-related deaths, or all-cause deaths), Cox proportional hazards regression models were adopted.

Results
Compared to Q1, the HRs (95% CIs) for the primary outcomes of Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 1.062 (0.981‒1.150), 1.110 (1.024−1.204), and 1.151 (1.058−1.252) in men and 1.099 (0.986−1.226), 1.046 (0.938−1.166), and 1.063 (0.954−1.184) in women, respectively, after adjusted for age, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, economic status, and anti-hypertensive medications. Fully adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for CVDs of Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 1.114 (0.969−1.282), 1.185 (1.031−1.363), and 1.232 (1.068−1.422) in men and 1.238 (1.017−1.508), 1.183 (0.971−1.440), and 1.238 (1.018−1.505) in women, respectively. The adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for ischemic CbVDs of Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 1.005 (0.850−1.187), 1.225 (1.041−1.441), and 1.232 (1.039−1.460) in men and 1.040 (0.821−1.316), 1.226 (0.981−1.532), and 1.312 (1.054−1.634) in women, respectively, while the TyG index was negatively associated with hemorrhagic CbVDs in women but not in men. The TyG index was not significantly associated with CCVD-related death or all-cause death in either sex.

Conclusions
Elevated TyG index was positively associated with the primary outcomes (CCVDs and all-cause mortality) in men and predicted higher risk of CVDs and ischemic CbVDs in both sexes.
Implantation of a peritoneal dialysis catheter in patients with ESRD using local anesthesia and Remifentanil
Authors: Jabbour Elizabeth , Fütterer Carsten , Zach Sebastian , Kälsch Anna-Isabelle , Keese Michael , Rahbari Nuh N. , Krämer Bernhard K. , Schwenke Kay G. 
Published: November 2021

Study objective
The main objective of this study is to test the feasibility of the local anesthetic (LA) Mepivacaine 1% and sedation with Remifentanil as the primary anesthetic technique for the insertion of a peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter, without the need to convert to general anesthesia.

Methods
We analyzed 27 consecutive end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who underwent the placement of a peritoneal catheter at our center between March 2015 and January 2019. The procedures were all performed by a general or vascular surgeon, and the postoperative care and follow-up were all conducted by the same peritoneal dialysis team.

Results
All of the 27 subjects successfully underwent the procedure without the need of conversion to general anesthesia. The catheter was deemed prone to usage in all patients and was found to be leak-proof in 100% of the patients.

Conclusion
This study describes a safe and successful approach for insertion of a PD catheter by combined infiltration of the local anesthetic Mepivacaine 1% and sedation with Remifentanil. Hereby, ESRD patients can be treated without general anesthesia, while ensuring functionality of the PD catheter.
Application of physical theory of cavity in the construction of double skin facades
Authors: Bielek Boris , Szabó Daniel , Klem Josip , Kaniková Kristína 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the issue of double skin transparent facades as a new technological-operational system of transparent exterior walls. Especially of high-rise buildings, which with its operating modes ingeniously uses a renewable source of solar energy to reduce the energy needs of the building. The basic precondition for the correct function of the double skin facade is its functional aerodynamics in any climatic conditions of the outdoor climate. In the critical state of windlessness, the aerodynamic quantification of a double skin facade is the total aerodynamic resistance of the cavity, which consists of the aerodynamic frictional resistances along the length of the air flow line and local aerodynamic resistances of the cavity. The article analyses the functional aerodynamics on two frequented types of double skin facades with a narrow type and corridor type cavity. At the end it confronts functional aerodynamics with the results of their temperature, aerodynamic and energy regime obtained from in-situ experiments.
Efficacy of two intensive decontamination protocols and their effects after 30 days on environmental contamination by cyclophosphamide
Authors: Delafoy Clémence , Chabut Claire , Tanguay Cynthia , Bussières Jean-François 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy of two decontamination protocols on cyclophosphamide surface contamination and to explore its lasting effect 30 days later.

Methods
All sampling sites that were systematically contaminated with cyclophosphamide in 2017–2020 were included, from a convenience sample of centers. The first decontamination protocol consisted of four steps, each with 20 mL and a Wypall® wipe: detergent, sodium hypochlorite 2%, isopropyl alcohol 70% and water. The second decontamination protocol consisted of eight steps, each with 15 mL and a Micronsolo® microfibre wipe: detergent, sodium hypochlorite 2%, isopropyl alcohol 70%, water and then a second round with each of the four products. A first sampling was done at the end of a regular working day (T0), a second immediately following decontamination (T1) and a third 30 days later (T2) after regular operations. Cyclophosphamide was quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (limit of detection 0.001 ng/cm2).

Results
Seventeen sampling sites were included: six biological safety cabinet (BSC) front grilles, eight floors in front of BSCs and three cyclophosphamide storage shelves. The second protocol was more effective; however they both failed to completely remove all cyclophosphamide traces. BSCs and floors were found to be contaminated again 30 days later, at similar concentrations than at T0. A lasting effect was observed on the cyclophosphamide storage shelves that were less prone to be contaminated again.

Conclusions
Periodic decontamination with many cleaning steps is necessary on all surfaces, including those less frequently contaminated. Regular surface monitoring identifies systematically contaminated areas.
Candidatos, partidos políticos y electores: actividades de imagen en las cartas electorales españolas para las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo (2004–2019)
Authors: Gómez Sánchez M.ᵃ Elena 
Published: November 2021

Resumen
Este trabajo, de carácter exploratorio, descriptivo e interpretativo, estudia las actividades de imagen presentes en un conjunto de cartas electorales enviadas por los principales partidos políticos españoles a los ciudadanos de ese país entre 2004 y 2019; concretamente, las cartas electorales relativas a las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo celebradas en 2004, 2009, 2014 y 2019. Las cartas electorales constituyen una parte del discurso político escrito (Anaya Revuelta, 2018) en las que el candidato a unas elecciones (en ocasiones, acompañado en la misma misiva, o en otra diferente -pero que forma parte del mismo envío-por otro texto del secretario general o el presidente de su partido) se dirige a los potenciales votantes con un discurso persuasivo, orientado a conseguir su voto. En este contexto, las actividades que se llevan a cabo son principalmente de autoimagen, si bien es posible encontrar también actividades de cortesía (hacia los lectores) y críticas hacia otros partidos políticos -u otros actores sociales-que se enmarcan en una descortesía muchas veces carente de identificación del sujeto concreto al que se dirige y que, en ese sentido, entendemos como despersonalizada. Este trabajo pone de manifiesto tales actividades (y, por ende, el modo en el que se construye la imagen de los candidatos), mediante el análisis y comparación de estas cartas, no solo de manera sincrónica (las cartas que se envían desde distintos partidos para unas mismas elecciones) sino también, cuando es posible, de manera diacrónica (las cartas que un mismo partido envía a sus potenciales electores a lo largo del tiempo). Creemos que todavía no hay ningún trabajo que haya analizado este tipo de textos desde la perspectiva aquí planteada, por lo que consideramos que es un estudio que, además de original, puede abrir camino a otros investigadores que deseen realizar análisis similares o con los que establecer comparaciones.
Microstructural characterization and corrosion behaviour of ultrasound-assisted synthesis of Ni–xCo–yTiO2 nanocomposites in alkaline environments
Authors: ElSayed Nady , El-Rabiei Mohamed M. , Negem Mosaad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Electroplated protective thin film is highly promising materials for advanced applications such as high corrosion resistance and energy conversion and storage. This work is to investigate the effect of Co content and TiO2 on the corrosion resistance of Ni–xCo–yTiO2 nanocomposites in alkaline media. The nanocrystalline Ni–xCo–yTiO2 composites were electroplated using the sulfate-gluconate bath containing the suspended TiO2 nanograins under ultrasound waves and mechanical stirring. The microstructure and corrosion behavior of the electroplated Ni–xCo–yTiO2 nanocomposites have been investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The XRD pattern of the electroplated Ni–Co matrices with 1–75% of cobalt arranged in face-centered cubic (FCC) system, while the electroplated Ni–Co matrices of further Co% more than 76% converted to hexagonal closed-package (HCP) crystal system. The surface of the Ni–xCo–yTiO2 nanocomposites after immersion in 1.0 M KOH electrolytes was investigated via SEM, atomic force microscopy and EDX. The results displayed that the rate of corrosion of the different composites decreased by combining Ni, Co and the inclusion of TiO2. The improved corrosion resistance of Ni–47Co–3.77TiO2 composites is due to the formation of Ni/Co oxy/hydroxide layer and rebelling effect of OH− by TiO2 sites, which reduces the attacking effect of OH−, O2, and H2O, and notably retards the overall corrosion processes.
Effects of Fear of Falling on the Single-Step Threshold for Lateral Balance Recovery in Older Women
Authors: Tashiro Hideyuki , Sato Yui , Fukumoto Kanta , Toki Megumi , Kozuka Naoki 
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose:
Fear of falling is associated with poor physical health and influences postural stability during whole-body movement. The ability to recover from lateral balance loss is required to prevent falls; however, the relationship between lateral balance recovery and fear of falling has not been established. This study aimed to investigate whether fear of falling is associated with the stepping threshold for lateral balance recovery.

Methods:
This study included 56 ambulatory, community-dwelling women aged 65 years or older. We determined the single-step threshold as the maximum lean magnitude normalized with body weight from which participants could be suddenly released and still recover balance using a single side step. The short-form Falls Efficacy Scale International was used as a measure of fear of falling.

Results and Discussion:
The single-step threshold significantly correlated with age (rs =−0.603) and the short-form Falls Efficacy Scale International score (rs =−0.439). Ordinal regression analysis revealed that age (odds ratio, 0.826; 95% confidence interval, 0.742-0.920) and the short-form Falls Efficacy Scale International score (odds ratio, 0.811; 95% confidence interval, 0.680-0.966) were significantly associated with the single-step threshold, such that older age and greater fear of falling each independently predicted that failure to recover balance with a single step would occur at a lower percentage of body weight.

Conclusions:
Greater fear of falling was associated with reduced ability to recover from lateral balance loss in addition to aging. Future studies should explore whether evidence-based interventions to reduce fear of falling combined with perturbation training might lead to improved ability to recover from balance loss.
Distribution of vaccine-related high-risk human papillomaviruses and their impact on the development of cervical dysplasia in women in Montenegro
Authors: Lopicic Milena , Raonic Janja , Antunovic Marija , Milicic Biljana , Mijovic Gordana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCervical cancer (CC) is the third leading cause of death in women in Montenegro. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of CC however, HPV genotype distribution varies across regions. This study examined the distribution and impact of vaccine-related high-risk (HR)-HPVs on the development of cervical dysplasia in Montenegrin women. A total of 187 women who had a clinical indication for cervical biopsy were enrolled. Based on histopathological findings, women were classified into 2 groups, with and without dysplasia. HR-HPV was detected by real-time PCR. Twelve HR-HPV genotypes were detected in 40.6% of cervical samples. The 7 most prevalent HR-HPVs in order of decreasing frequency were HPV 16 (39.5%), 45 (23.7%), 31 (21.0%), 33 (17.1%), 18 (6.6%), 52 (6.6%), and 58 (6.6%), all of them are targeted by nonavalent vaccine. Vaccine-related HR-HPVs had a higher prevalence (92.1%) than the other HR-HPVs detected in HR-HPV–positive samples. Among HR-HPV–positive women, HPV 16 and 33 were more common in women with dysplasia than in those without dysplasia (HPV 16: 28.9 vs 7.2%; HPV 33: 11.8 vs 3.6%). HPV 16 was the most common HR-HPV genotype in cervical samples, followed by HPV 45, 31, 33, 18, 52, and 58. HPV 16 and 33 were shown to be associated with the development of cervical dysplasia. These results indicate that prophylactic nonavalent vaccine can potentially prevent approximately 90% of HR-HPV infections and 60% of cervical dysplasia cases in Montenegrin women.
An Overview of the Documents of the Archive of Kaunas Benedictine Convent
Authors: Vasiliauskaite Ausra 
Published: November 2021

In 2024, Kaunas Benedictine Convent will celebrate its 400th anniversary. Throughout this period, the convent’s existence has not been interrupted. During the Soviet period, from 1948 to 1988, the convent still operated in secret. However, the archives of the convent began to be organized anew at the beginning of the 21st century revealing important documentation not only for the convent, but also for monastic research. It is for this reason that this article aims to present the documents of Kaunas Benedictine Convent’s archive.
Is soybean therapy better than ClinOleic for reducing recovery time in cats with permethrin toxicosis?
Authors: Gordon Shadira 
Published: November 2021

PICO question
Is soybean oil-based intravenous lipid emulsion (IVLE) therapy more effective than olive oil-based (ClinOleic IVLE therapy) for reducing time to recovery in cats with permethrin toxicosis?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment
The number and type of study designs reviewed
Five case reports and one randomised clinical trial
Strength of evidence
Weak
Outcomes reported
Soybean oil-based and ClinOleic IVLE therapies can be used safely as adjuvant treatments to reduce time to recovery in cats with permethrin intoxication. However, the evidence collected suggests that soybean oil-based IVLE therapy is better in reducing the recovery time after permethrin toxicosis as compared to ClinOleic IVLE therapy
Conclusion
The overall findings showed that the average recovery time after soybean oil-based IVLE therapy across patients with permethrin intoxication was 8.5 hours and the average time to recovery after olive oil-based emulsions (ClinOleic therapy) was 39 hours. This may suggest that soybean oil-based formulations are a better option for reducing the recovery time in cats after permethrin toxicity. Dermal decontamination, supportive care, muscle relaxers, and anticonvulsant drugs are examples of recommended treatments before the administration of any intralipid therapies and must be used based on the clinical signs of each patient

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Total Hip Revision with a Custom Acetabular Component and Femoral Allograft-Prosthetic Composite as Salvage for Failed Unstable Megaprosthesis in an Adolescent Patient
Authors: Phocas Alexandra , Holst David C. , Angerame Marc R. , Kurkis Gregory , Dennis Douglas A. 
Published: November 2021

Case:
A 13-year-old girl presented after a right proximal femur replacement after proximal femoral resection for treatment of an Ewing sarcoma. She presented after multiple episodes of recurrent instability with her hip endoprosthesis chronically dislocated. Her hip was revised to a custom, constrained metal-on-metal acetabular component with a small iliac flange. The femoral component was revised to an allograft-prosthetic composite. She has been free of malignancy recurrence, implant failure, or dislocation at 19-year follow-up duration.

Conclusion:
Dislocation of the prosthetic hip can be a challenging postoperative complication, particularly when associated with a tumor megaprosthesis in a pediatric age group. This is further compounded in the presence of deficient pelvic bone stock. Restoration of bone stock is optimal, but when impossible, custom components may be necessary to establish hip stability.
Fact checkers fail to overcome partisan divides in two of the world’s largest democracies
Authors: Ray Rik , Bhalla Sakshi , Taneja Harsh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Misinformation easily spreads on social media and fact-checkers have an important role in correcting falsehoods. Most misinformation is of a partisan nature and appeals selectively to users on the basis of ideology. Thus, it is possible that fact checks may not overcome existing ideological divisions on social media. We examine this separately for a slice of Twitter users, following certain partisan outlets from India and the US. In both cases, users of left-leaning news outlets are more likely to follow and share content by fact checkers. Followers of right-leaning outlets rarely follow or amplify fact checkers and only selectively engage to reply to posts by fact checkers. Our analysis of 7mn partisan news users from two of the world’s largest democracies suggests that exposure to fact-checking therefore remains largely restricted to left-leaning Twitter users with little evidence that these interventions penetrate among right-leaning slices, where partisan misinformation also circulates
High-performance hysteresis-free perovskite transistors through anion engineering
Authors: Zhu Huihui , Liu Ao , Shim Kyu In , Jung Haksoon , Zou Taoyu , Reo Youjin , Kim Hyunjun , Han Jeong Woo , Chen Yimu , Chu Hye Yong , Lim Jun-Hyung , Kim Hyung-Jun , Bai Sai , Noh Yong-Young 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Despite the impressive development of metal halide perovskites in diverse optoelectronics, progress on high-performance transistors employing state-of-the-art perovskite channels has been limited owing to ion migration and large organic spacer isolation. Herein, we report high-performance and hysteresis-free p-channel perovskite thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) and rationalise the effects of halide (I/Br/Cl) anion engineering on crystallinity enhancement and vacancy suppression, realising a high hole mobility of 20 cm2 V−1 s−1, current on/off ratio exceeding 107, and threshold voltage of 0 V with high operational stability and reproducibility. We reveal ion migration has a negligible contribution to the hysteresis of Sn-based perovskite TFTs; instead, minority carrier trapping is the primary cause. Finally, we integrate the perovskite TFTs with commercialised n-channel indium gallium zinc oxide TFTs on a single chip to construct high-gain complementary inverters, facilitating the development of halide perovskite semiconductors for printable electronics and circuits.
Large-scale Domain Engineering in Two-Dimensional Ferroelectric CuInP2S6 via Giant Flexoelectric Effect
Authors: Chen Chen , Liu Heng , Lai Qinglin , Mao Xiaoyu , Fu Jun , Fu Zhaoming , Zeng Hualing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Room-temperature ferroelectricity in two-dimensional materials offer a potential route for developing atomic-scale functional devices beyond Moore’s law. However, as a key for the technology implementations of ferroelectrics in electronics, the controllable generation of uniform domains remains challenging in two-dimensional ferroelectrics at current stage because domain engineering through an external electric field at 2D limit inevitably leads to large leakage current and material break-down. Here, we demonstrate a voltage-free method, the flexoelectric effect, to artificially generate large-scale stripe domains in two-dimensional ferroelectric CuInP2S6 with single domain lateral size at the scale of several hundred microns. With giant strain gradients (~106 m−1) at nanoscale, we mechanically switch the out-of-plane polarization in ultrathin CuInP2S6. The flexoelectric control of ferroelectric polarization is understood with a distorted Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire double well model as evidenced by the shifted ferroelectric hysteresis loops and the first-principle calculations. Through substrate mechanical strain engineering, the stripe domain density is controllable. Our results not only highlight the potential of developing van der Waals ferroelectrics-based memories but also offer the opportunity to study ferroelectric domain physics in two-dimensional materials.