bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postmortem Interval Estimation and Validation Through a Comparative Study of South American Flies Reared in the Field Versus Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Acosta Ximena , Corronca José A , González-Reyes Andrea X , Centeno Néstor D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Studies under constant temperatures are the most common to estimate the Postmortem Interval (PMI). It is imperative that forensic sciences have data from studies carried out in the field. Therefore, this work aims to: (1) evaluate the parameters (weight, length, development time) associated with the life cycles of Lucilia ochricornis (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Lucilia purpurascens (Walker) under experimental conditions in the field considering fluctuating temperatures, and (2) compare these results with those known and published by the same authors for cultures realized in the laboratory under constant temperatures; which will permit us to contrast the most widely used existing methodologies for forensic application in estimating the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). For each season of the year, cultures of both species were made in the field, collecting information on temperature, humidity, and photoperiod to perform laboratory cultures, later comparing: development time, length, weight, and Accumulated Degree-Hours (ADH) in both types of cultures. Methods for estimating the PMI were obtained and validated with the information of the cultures grown in the field. The two types of cultures showed differences between each other for both species. The forensic use methods to estimate PMI were enhanced and their precision increased when maximum larval length data were used, and it was also concluded that feeding larval stages are the most accurate to be used in making estimates because the larva is growing. The estimation of the PMI through the use of necrophagous flies development remains reliable for obtaining the PMImin.
Unexpected intraoperative finding of gallbladder torsion
Authors: Krishna P Sai , Somasekar R D R , Sankar A Siva 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gallbladder (GB) torsion or volvulus is a rare entity affecting elderly women. Only ~500 cases have been reported in the literature. Incidence is rare seen in ~1 in 365 520.
A constant finding is the presence of the GB on a mobile mesentery. Torsion, or volvulus, of the GB occurs when it twists axially, with the subsequent obstruction of bile and/or blood flow.
We briefly describe a 75-year-old female patient with acute abdomen and ultrasound and Computed tomography of abdomen revealed a distended GB. On laparotomy, we encountered a twisted GB with gangrene and cholecystectomy was done.
GB volvulus is a rare occurrence and clinically mimic’s acute cholecystitis and should be sought with high suspicion especially when encountering a thin elderly woman. Immediate diagnosis is prime as delay may be fatal.
Even with recent advances in imaging, it is difficult to make a correct preoperative diagnosis of GB torsion.
Does free movement of workers boost immigrant employment? New evidence from Germany
Authors: Kosyakova Yuliya , Brücker Herbert 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Extending free movement of workers (FMW) to the new Member States from Central and Eastern Europe was one of the most controversial political decisions in the history of the European Union. In this article, we study how the introduction of FMW affected immigrants’ labor market integration in Germany. Using data from the IAB-SOEP Migration Sample,1 we show that the introduction of FMW was associated with a higher influx of skilled workers. Moreover, FMW has increased the probability of labor market entry within one year after arrival by 12 percentage points. Correspondingly, FMW improved welfare not only by increasing the scale of migration but also by raising immigrants’ skill level and reducing the time before entry into the labor market. Our findings thus yield new insights on the beneficial effects of FMW on labor market integration of immigrants in the Common Market.
AstroSat observations of long-duration X-ray superflares on active M-dwarf binary EQ Peg
Authors: Karmakar Subhajeet , Naik Sachindra , Pandey Jeewan C , Savanov Igor S 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a comprehensive study of three large long-duration flares detected on an active M-dwarf binary EQ Peg using the Soft X-Ray Telescope of the AstroSat observatory. The peak X-ray luminosities of the flares in the 0.3–7-keV band are found to be within ∼5–10 × 1030$\rm {erg}~\rm {s}^{-1}$. The e-folding rise- and decay-times of the flares are derived to be in the range of 3.4–11 and 1.6–24 ks, respectively. Spectral analysis indicates the presence of three temperature corona with the first two plasma temperatures remain constant during all the flares and the post-flare observation at ∼3 and ∼9 MK. The flare temperature peaked at 26, 16, and 17 MK, which are 2, 1.3, and 1.4 times more than the minimum value, respectively. The peak emission measures are found to be 3.9–7.1 × 1053 cm−3, whereas the abundances peaked at 0.16–0.26 times the solar abundances. Using quasi-static loop modelling, we derive loop lengths for all the flares as 2.5 ± 0.5 × 1011, 2.0 ± 0.5 × 1011, and 2.5 ± 0.9 × 1011 cm, respectively. The density of the flaring plasma is estimated to be 4.2 ± 0.8 × 1010, 3.0 ± 0.7 × 1010, 2.2 ± 0.8 × 1010 cm−3 for flares F1, F2, and F3, respectively. Whereas the magnetic field for all three flares is estimated to be &lt;100 G. The estimated energies of all three flares are ≳ 1034–1035erg, putting them in a category of superflare. All three superflares are also found to be the longest duration flares ever observed on EQ Peg.
Ram pressure candidates in UNIONS
Authors: Roberts Ian D , Parker Laura C , Gwyn Stephen , Hudson Michael J , Carlberg Raymond , McConnachie Alan , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Chambers Kenneth C , Duc Pierre-Alain , Furusawa Hisanori , Gavazzi Raphael , Hill Vanessa , Huber Mark E , Ibata Rodrigo , Kilbinger Martin , Mei Simona , Mellier Yannick , Miyazaki Satoshi , Oguri Masamune , Wainscoat Richard J 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a search for disturbed, candidate ram pressure stripping galaxies across more than 50 spectroscopically selected SDSS groups and clusters. 48 ram pressure candidates are visually identified in these systems using high-quality UNIONS imaging from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, covering ${\sim }6200\, \mathrm{deg^2}$ and ${\sim }2800\, \mathrm{deg^2}$ in the u- and r-bands, respectively. Ram pressure candidates are found in groups and clusters spanning a wide range in halo mass and include ∼30 ram pressure candidates in the group regime (Mh &lt; 1014). The observed frequency of ram pressure candidates shows substantial scatter with group/cluster mass, but on average is larger in clusters ($M_h \ge 10^{14}\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$) than groups ($M_h \lt 10^{14}\, \mathrm{M_\odot }$) by a factor of ∼2. We find that ram pressure candidates are most commonly low-mass galaxies and have enhanced star formation rates relative to star-forming field galaxies. The enhancement in star formation is largely independent of galaxy mass and strongest for galaxies in clusters. As a result of the large survey footprint and excellent image quality from UNIONS, we are able to identify disturbed galaxies, potentially affected by ram pressure stripping, across a wide range of host environment.
Modulating the chemo-mechanical response of structured DNA assemblies through binding molecules
Authors: Lee Chanseok , Kim Young-Joo , Kim Kyung Soo , Lee Jae Young , Kim Do-Nyun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Recent advances in DNA nanotechnology led the fabrication and utilization of various DNA assemblies, but the development of a method to control their global shapes and mechanical flexibilities with high efficiency and repeatability is one of the remaining challenges for the realization of the molecular machines with on-demand functionalities. DNA-binding molecules with intercalation and groove binding modes are known to induce the perturbation on the geometrical and mechanical characteristics of DNA at the strand level, which might be effective in structured DNA assemblies as well. Here, we demonstrate that the chemo-mechanical response of DNA strands with binding ligands can change the global shape and stiffness of DNA origami nanostructures, thereby enabling the systematic modulation of them by selecting a proper ligand and its concentration. Multiple DNA-binding drugs and fluorophores were applied to straight and curved DNA origami bundles, which demonstrated a fast, recoverable, and controllable alteration of the bending persistence length and the radius of curvature of DNA nanostructures. This chemo-mechanical modulation of DNA nanostructures would provide a powerful tool for reconfigurable and dynamic actuation of DNA machineries.
BAF155 methylation drives metastasis by hijacking super-enhancers and subverting anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Kim Eui-Jun , Liu Peng , Zhang Shengjie , Donahue Kristine , Wang Yidan , Schehr Jennifer L , Wolfe Serena K , Dickerson Amber , Lu Li , Rui Lixin , Zhong Xuehua , Wisinski Kari B , Yu Min , Suzuki Aussie , Lang Joshua M , Ong Irene M , Xu Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSubunits of the chromatin remodeler SWI/SNF are the most frequently disrupted genes in cancer. However, how post-translational modifications (PTM) of SWI/SNF subunits elicit epigenetic dysfunction remains unknown. Arginine-methylation of BAF155 by coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) promotes triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis. Herein, we discovered the dual roles of methylated-BAF155 (me-BAF155) in promoting tumor metastasis: activation of super-enhancer-addicted oncogenes by recruiting BRD4, and repression of interferon α/γ pathway genes to suppress host immune response. Pharmacological inhibition of CARM1 and BAF155 methylation not only abrogated the expression of an array of oncogenes, but also boosted host immune responses by enhancing the activity and tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T cells. Moreover, strong me-BAF155 staining was detected in circulating tumor cells from metastatic cancer patients. Despite low cytotoxicity, CARM1 inhibitors strongly inhibited TNBC cell migration in vitro, and growth and metastasis in vivo. These findings illustrate a unique mechanism of arginine methylation of a SWI/SNF subunit that drives epigenetic dysregulation, and establishes me-BAF155 as a therapeutic target to enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
Taking Identity Seriously: On the Politics of the Individuation of Legal Systems
Authors: Mac Amhlaigh Cormac 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article examines the question of the identity of legal systems of non-monistic accounts of law. It critically analyses approaches to individuation based on validity, the nature of individual norms and the purposes for which they are applied, arguing that the latter approach, as endorsed particularly by Raz, offers the most convincing approach to the question of individuation. The article argues that Raz’s own criterion, however, is under-inclusive and misses important reasons why a norm should be individuated in a particular way. The article defends an approach to individuation which builds upon and expands Raz’s approach. This approach emphasises the political importance of legal systems as providing the basis for criteria of individuation. These criteria are also relevant for Dworkin’s account of law as integrity, which, the article argues, also relies on an understanding of individuation notwithstanding Dworkin’s claims to the contrary.
N-mixture models estimate abundance reliably: A field test on Marsh Tit using time-for-space substitution
Authors: Neubauer Grzegorz , Wolska Alicja , Rowiński Patryk , Wesołowski Tomasz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractImperfect detection in field studies on animal abundance, including birds, is common and can be corrected for in various ways. The binomial N-mixture (hereafter binmix) model developed for this task is widely used in ecological studies owing to its simplicity: it requires replicated count results as the input. However, it may overestimate abundance and be sensitive to even small violations of its assumptions. We used a 33-year dataset on the Marsh Tit (Poecile palustris), a sedentary forest passerine, from Białowieża Forest, Poland, to validate inference from binmix models by comparing model-estimated abundances to the true number of breeding pairs within the plots, determined by exhaustive population study. The abundance estimates, derived from 6 springtime (April and May) counts of males on each plot in each year, were highly reliable: 116 out of 132 year-plot estimates (88%) included the true number of pairs within the 95% confidence intervals. Over- and under-estimations were thus rare and similarly frequent (9 and 12 cases, respectively), with a tendency to overestimate at low densities and underestimate at high densities. Marsh Tits sing rarely but the frequency of countersinging increases with abundance, leading to nonindependence in detections. When accounted for in a submodel for detection, the per-survey number of countersinging events positively affected detection probability but only weakly affected abundance estimates. Simulations further demonstrate that this property, overestimation at low densities and underestimation at high densities, may be a systematic bias of binmix model even if density-dependent detection is absent. While the behavior of binmix models in specific situations requires more study, we conclude that these models are a valid tool to estimate abundance reliably when intensive population monitoring is not feasible.
Lower AM-PAC 6-Clicks Basic Mobility Score Predicts Discharge to a Postacute Care Facility Among Patients in Cardiac Intensive Care Units
Authors: Whitlock Katelyn C , Mandala Mahender , Bishop Kathy Lee , Moll Vanessa , Sharp Jennifer J , Krishnan Shilpa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the ability of the Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care “6-Clicks” Basic Mobility Short Form to predict patient discharge destination (home vs postacute care [PAC] facility) from the cardiac intensive care unit (ICU), including patients from the cardiothoracic surgical ICU and coronary care unit.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study utilized electronic medical records of patients in cardiac ICU (n = 359) in an academic teaching hospital in the southeastern region of United States from September 1, 2017, through August 31, 2018.

Results
The median interquartile range age of the sample was 68 years (75–60), 55% were men, the median interquartile range 6-Clicks score was 16 (20–12) at the physical therapist evaluation, and 79% of the patients were discharged to home. Higher score on 6-Clicks indicates improved function. A prediction model was constructed based on a machine learning approach using a classification tree. The classification tree was constructed and evaluated by dividing the sample into a train-test split using the Leave-One-Out cross-validation approach. The classification tree split the data into 4 distinct groups along with their predicted outcomes. Patients with a 6-Clicks score &gt;15.5 and a score between 11.5 and 15.5 with primary insurance other than Medicare were discharged to home. Patients with a 6-Clicks score between 11.5 and 15.5 with Medicare insurance and those with a score ≤11.5 were discharged to a PAC facility.

Conclusion
Patients with lower 6-Clicks scores were more likely to be discharged to a PAC facility. Patients without Medicare insurance had to be significantly lower functioning, as indicated by lower 6-Clicks scores for PAC facility placement than those with Medicare insurance.

Impact
The ability of 6-Clicks along with primary insurance to determine discharge destination allows for early discharge planning from cardiac ICUs.
Identification of Adhesins in Plant Beneficial RhizobacteriaBacillus velezensisSQR9 and Their Effect on Root Colonization
Authors: Huang Rong , Feng Haichao , Xu Zhihui , Zhang Nan , Liu Yunpeng , Shao Jiahui , Shen Qirong , Zhang Ruifu 
Published: October 2021

Probiotic Bacillus colonization of plant root surfaces has been reported to improve its beneficial effect. Chemotaxis, adhesion, aggregation, and biofilm formation are the four steps of root colonization by plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs). Compared with the other three well-studied processes, adhesion of PGPRs is less known. In this study, using mutant strains deleted for potential adhesin genes in PGPR strain Bacillus velezensis SQR9, adherence to both cucumber root surface and abiotic surface by those strains was evaluated. Results showed that deletion mutations ΔlytB, ΔV529_10500, ΔfliD, ΔyhaN, and ΔsacB reduced the adhesion to root surfaces, while, among them, only ΔfliD had significant defects in adhesion to abiotic surfaces (glass and polystyrene). In addition, B. velevzensis SQR9 mutants defective in adhesion to root surfaces showed a deficiency in rhizosphere colonization. Among the encoded proteins, FliD and YhaN played vital roles in root adhesion. This research systematically explored the potential adhesins in a well-studied PGPR strain and also indicated that adhesion progress was required for root colonization, which will help to enhance rhizosphere colonization and beneficial function of PGPRs in agricultural production.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Be Sweet to Hospitalized Toddlers During Venipuncture
Authors: Modanloo Shokoufeh , Barrowman Nick , Martelli Brenda , Yoxon Helen , Wilding Jodi , Dragic Sandra , Vaillancourt Régis , Long Deborah , Larocque Catherine , Reszel Jessica , Harrison Denise 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
High-quality evidence demonstrates analgesic effects of sweet-tasting solutions for infants during painful procedures. However, evidence of the analgesic effects of sucrose beyond 12 months of age is less certain. The aim of this study was to ascertain the efficacy of oral sucrose in hospitalized toddlers (ages 12 to 36 mo) compared with placebo (water) during venipuncture.

Materials and Methods:
Blinded, 2-armed randomized controlled trial including hospitalized toddlers aged 12 to 36 months. Toddlers were randomized to either 25% sucrose or water before venipuncture, stratified by age (12 to 24 mo and more than 24 to 36 mo). Standard of care included topical anesthetics for both groups. Pain assessment included cry duration and FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scores. Descriptive statistics and linear models were used to report the percentage of time crying and mean differences in FLACC scores. Data analysis was performed using R, version 3.6.3.

Results:
A total of 95 toddlers were randomized and 85 subsequently studied. The median percentage of time spent crying between insertion of the first needle and 30 seconds after the end of procedure in both groups was 81% (interquartile range=66%). There was no significant difference in crying time and FLACC scores between groups (P>0.05). When examining effects of sucrose for the younger toddlers (less than 24 mo of age) there was a reduction in crying time of 10% and a 1.2-point reduction in mean FLACC scores compared with the toddlers older than 24 months.

Discussion:
Findings highlight that toddlers become highly distressed during venipuncture, despite the standard care of topical anesthetics. In addition, sucrose does not effectively reduce distress especially in the older group of toddlers.
Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Esatoglu Sinem Nihal , Hatemi Gulen 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances in Takayasu arteritis (TAK), mainly focusing on pathogenesis, imaging modalities, and management.

Recent findings
Three novel clusters based on angiographic findings were identified in the Indian cohort and replicated in the North American cohorts. Different new imaging modalities have been tried in the assessment of arterial inflammation with promising results. There is more evidence on the long-term use of tocilizumab, but relapses are common. In light of the recent findings on the pathogenesis of TAK, Janus kinase inhibitors seem to be promising.

Summary
Improvement in imaging modalities and in our understanding of the disease pathogenesis will allow us to better assess the disease activity and identify effective therapeutic agents.
Longitudinal association of midlife vision impairment and depressive symptoms: the study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan site
Authors: Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie A. , Kumar Navasuja , Hood Michelle M. , Musch David C. , Harlow Sioban , Moroi Sayoko E. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective:
Poor vision affects physical health but the relationship with depressive symptoms among midlife adults (40-65 y), who often present with early stage vision impairment (VI), is not well understood. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of vision on depressive symptoms during midlife.

Methods:
The Michigan site of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation conducted assessments of distance visual acuity at six consecutive, near-annual follow-up visits. At each visit, depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale) were assessed. VI was defined as mild (20/30-20/60) or moderate-severe (20/70 or worse). Multivariable logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations were used to assess the association of VI and reporting of depressive symptoms at the subsequent visit.

Results:
At analytic baseline, the mean age of participants (N = 226) was 50.0 years (standard deviation = 2.6). More than half (53.5%) of women had mild VI and 8.0% had moderate-severe VI. Adjusting for age, preexisting depressive symptoms, race, education, economic strain, body mass index, and smoking, participants with mild and moderate-severe VI had 68% (95% C (0.97-2.90)) and 2.55-fold (95% CI 1.13-5.75) higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms at their subsequent study visit as compared with women without VI. Further adjustment for diabetes, hypertension, and osteoarthritis attenuated the estimates and the associations were no longer statistically significant.

Conclusion:
VI was associated with increased odds of future depressive symptoms among mid-life women. Timely detection and appropriate correction of VI may be important to consider in maintaining the mental health status of midlife women.