bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
I speak a little Arabic: Nursing communication in a cross‐cultural context
Authors: Kuzemski Dawn , Thirlwall Alison , Brunton Margaret , Brownie Sharon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study investigated the challenges of cross‐cultural communication among internationally qualified nurses, and the impact on nurse‐to‐nurse and nurse‐to‐patient relationships.BackgroundOpen and authentic communication between nurses and patients is required as a foundation of patient‐centred practice; however, this may be a challenge in cross‐cultural settings.DesignAn exploratory qualitative study with an inductive approach.MethodsSemi‐structured, face‐to‐face interviews explored the influences on communication and practice of 21 internationally qualified nurses practising in the United Arab Emirates. Manual and software‐driven processes guided coding and analysis of data. Caring theory guided the analysis of themes; while COREQ criteria guided research conduct and reporting.ResultsFour key themes emerged; (a) Challenges in communication, (b) The science versus art of nursing; (c) The impact of ineffective communication and (d) Strategies for coping. Eleven sub‐themes are reported within these themes. Overall, nurses felt they had sufficient language and nursing skills to undertake the technical or scientific aspects of their work; however, they reported experiencing restricted ability to participate in complex cross‐cultural conversations, such as providing explanations and reassurance about treatment options or discussing end of life and treatment decisions. This limitation diminished the nurses’ ability to engage in the art of nursing and left them unable to employ themselves therapeutically to attain a sense of true presence with patients and their families.ConclusionThis article highlights the need for language and communication support, and Arabic‐speaking advocates as partners in care for expatriate nurses.Relevance to practiceInternationally qualified nurses in this Middle Eastern setting lack cultural orientation and language skills to fully enact the art and true presence of nursing. Findings indicate that health service employers need to increase the employment of Arabic‐speaking nurses and provide additional language for other expatriate nurses.
Key issues in the field of macro‐sociolinguistics of the Maghreb: Societal debates and contentious discourse
Authors: Chachou Ibtissem 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSociolinguistic debates and controversies in the Maghreb can be explained as a function of the complexity of the linguistic facts on the ground, their stereotypical representations and their essentialization in political, everyday and also academic discourses. This contribution aims to produce a critical synthesis of the important issues linked to the status of the official languages, namely institutional Arabic and school Tamazight, which some social actors oppose to the first languages of the people of the Maghreb, namely Maghrebi Arabic and Berber languages. Current debates also concern the question of the replacement of French by English in academia, English being defended by the Arabist elite in order to reduce the field of influence of the francophone elite.
Use of global trait cues helps to explain older adults’ decrements in detecting children’s lies
Authors: O’Connor Alison M. , Lyon Thomas D. , Wiens Micaela , Evans Angela D. 
Published: July 2021

PurposePrevious research has established that lie‐detection accuracy decreases with age; however, various mechanisms for this effect have yet to be explored, particularly when examining the detection of children’s lies. The present study investigated if younger and older adults detect children’s lies using different cues (verbal content, verbal auditory, non‐verbal, global traits) to explore if cue usage may help to explain this age‐related decline.MethodA total of 100 younger (18–30 years) and 100 older adults (66–89 years) watched child interview videos (half were truth‐tellers; half were lie‐tellers coached to conceal a transgression). Participants provided veracity judgements (truth vs. lie) and described the cues that they relied on to make their judgements.ResultsOlder adults used marginally significantly fewer verbal content and significantly more global trait cues compared to younger adults. The use of global trait cues partially mediated the age‐related decline in detection accuracy.ConclusionThese results present a partial mechanism for the age‐related decline in deception detection. This can inform psychological theory on how ageing affects perceptions of child witnesses and deception detection abilities.
Predictive urodynamic factors for de novo stress urinary incontinence after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Yoshio Yuko , Hayashi Tokumasa , Tokiwa Shino , Sawada Yugo , Okada Yoshiyuki , Achila Bobby , Kitagawa Yasuhide , Nomura Jimmy 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesLaparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is often performed to treat pelvic organ prolapse. Preoperative stress urinary incontinence (SUI) can improve after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. In contrast, some patients without incontinence preoperatively develop SUI after pelvic organ prolapse repair (ie, de novo SUI). This study aimed to identify the preoperative predictive factors of de novo SUI after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.MethodsA total of 858 patients underwent laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy between January 2013 and November 2017 at Kameda Medical Center. Urodynamic studies were performed pre‐ and postoperatively on 75 patients. This retrospective study included 43 of 75 patients who did not have SUI preoperatively. We assessed urethral function according to functional profile length and maximum urethral closure pressure. We evaluated voiding function in terms of maximum flow rate, detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate, and postvoid residual volume. Furthermore, each factor was compared between de novo SUI‐positive and SUI‐negative groups.ResultsAfter laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy, 30 (69.8%) patients presented with SUI. The preoperative maximum urethral closure pressure was significantly lower in the de novo SUI‐positive group (36.0 cmH2O) than in the de novo SUI‐negative group (50.5 cmH2O, P = .020). More patients with maximum urethral closure pressure <40 cmH2O had de novo SUI than patients with maximum urethral closure pressure ≥40 cmH2O (P = .004). There were no significant differences between preoperative maximum urethral closure pressure and postoperative maximum urethral closure pressure in either group.ConclusionsLow preoperative maximum urethral closure pressure, particularly maximum urethral closure pressure <40 cmH2O, is a predictor of de novo SUI after laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.
Asymmetric epigenetic modification and homoeolog expression bias in the establishment and evolution of allopolyploid Brassica napus
Authors: Li Mengdi , Sun Weiqi , Wang Fan , Wu Xiaoming , Wang Jianbo 
Published: July 2021

Summary

This study explores how allopolyploidization reshapes the biased expression and asymmetric epigenetic modification of homoeologous gene pairs, and examines the regulation types and epigenetic basis of expression bias.

We analyzed the gene expression and four epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, H3K4me3, H3K27me3 and H3K27ac) of 29 976 homoeologous gene pairs in resynthesized, natural allopolyploid Brassica napus and an in silico ‘hybrid’.

We comprehensively elucidated the biased gene expression, asymmetric epigenetic modifications and the generational transmission characteristics of these homoeologous gene pairs in B. napus. We analyzed cis/trans effects and the epigenetic basis of homoeolog expression bias. There was a significant positive correlation between two active histone modifications and biased gene expression.

We revealed that parental legacy was the dominant principle in the remodeling of homoeolog expression bias and asymmetric epigenetic modifications in B. napus, and further clarified that this depends on whether there were differences in the expression/epigenetic modifications of gene pairs in parents/progenitors. The maternal genome was dominant in the homoeolog expression bias of resynthesized B. napus, and this phenomenon was attenuated in natural B. napus. Furthermore, cis rather than trans effects were dominant when epigenetic modifications potentially affected biased expression of gene pairs in B. napus.
On the response of the middle atmosphere to anthropogenic forcing
Authors: Garcia Rolando R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAnthropogenic forcing of the atmosphere by greenhouse gases (GHG) and ozone‐depleting substances has provided an unintended test of the robustness of current understanding of the physics and chemistry of the middle atmosphere, that is, the stratosphere and mesosphere. We explore this topic by examining how well anthropogenic changes can be simulated by modern, comprehensive numerical models. Specifically, we discuss the simulations of trends in global mean temperature; the development of the ozone hole and its impact on the dynamics of the Southern Hemisphere, both in the stratosphere and troposphere; trends in the stratospheric Brewer–Dobson circulation; and the response of the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) to increasing burdens of CO2. We find that, in most of these cases, numerical simulation is able to reproduce observed changes and provide physical insights into the relevant mechanisms. Simulation of the QBO is on a less firm footing. Although many numerical models can now generate realistic QBOs, future projections of its behavior under the increasing burdens of GHG are inconsistent and even contradictory.
Acquired oral syphilis: A multicenter study of 339 patients from South America
Authors: de Andrade Bruno Augusto Benevenuto , de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Gilligan Gerardo , Piemonte Eduardo , Panico René , Molina Ávila Ignacio , Pimentel Sola Juan Martin , Carmona Lorduy Martha Cecilia , Pupo Marrugo Stella , Sánchez Tatis Angélica Sofia , Werner Laura Cecilia , Abrahão Aline Corrêa , Agostini Michelle , Buoro Luisa , Israel Mônica Simões , Freire Nathália de Almeida , Lima Lucas Ambrósio , Abrantes Thamiris de Castro , Cunha John Lennon Silva , Pérez‐de‐Oliveira Maria Eduarda , Roza Ana Luiza Oliveira Corrêa , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Lopes Marcio Ajudarte , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , de Almeida Oslei Paes , Pontes Flávia Sirotheau Corrêa , Pontes Hélder Antônio Rebelo , Rondanelli Benjamin Martínez , Villarroel‐Dorrego Mariana , Bologna‐Molina Ronell , Derderian Nathalie , Sánchez‐Romero Celeste , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , Gomez Ricardo Santiago , Martínez‐Flores René , Delgado‐Azañero Wilson , Alves Adriana Terezinha Neves Novellino , Lourenço Simone de Queiroz Chaves , Coimbra Carolina , Polignano Giovanni Augusto Castanheira , Assunção Júnior José Narciso Rosa , Souto Giovanna Ribeiro , Souza Paulo Eduardo Alencar , Horta Martinho Campolina Rebello , González‐Arriagada Wilfredo Alejandro , Romañach Mário José 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo report the clinicopathologic features of acquired oral syphilis cases in South American countries.Materials and MethodsClinical data were retrospectively collected from the records of 18 oral diagnostic services in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, Uruguay, and Peru. Serologies of nontreponemal and treponemal tests were used for diagnosis.ResultsThe series comprised 339 cases of acquired oral syphilis. Secondary syphilis ranked as the most common stage (86.7%). Lesions were more frequent among males (58.0%) and young adults with a mean age of 33.3 years. Individuals aged 20–29 years were most affected (35.3%). The most commonly involved sites were the tongue (31.6%), lip/labial commissure (25.1%), and hard/soft palate (20.4%). Clinically, acquired oral syphilis usually presented as mucous patches (28.4%), papules (25.7%), and ulcers (18.1%). Skin manifestations occurred in 67.7% of individuals, while lymphadenopathy and fever were observed in 61.3% and 11.6% of all subjects, respectively. Most patients were treated with the benzathine penicillin G antibiotic.ConclusionThis report validates the spread of acquired oral syphilis infection among young adults in South America. Our directives include accessible diagnostic tools for proper disease screening, surveillance, and counselling of affected individuals, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries.
Transcriptional regulation of ZIP genes is independent of local zinc status in Brachypodium shoots upon zinc deficiency and resupply
Authors: Amini Sahand , Arsova Borjana , Gobert Sylvie , Carnol Monique , Bosman Bernard , Motte Patrick , Watt Michelle , Hanikenne Marc 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe biological processes underlying zinc homeostasis are targets for genetic improvement of crops to counter human malnutrition. Detailed phenotyping, ionomic, RNA‐Seq analyses and flux measurements with 67Zn isotope revealed whole‐plant molecular events underlying zinc homeostasis upon varying zinc supply and during zinc resupply to starved Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) plants. Although both zinc deficiency and excess hindered Brachypodium growth, accumulation of biomass and micronutrients into roots and shoots differed depending on zinc supply. The zinc resupply dynamics involved 1,893 zinc‐responsive genes. Multiple zinc‐regulated transporter and iron‐regulated transporter (IRT)‐like protein (ZIP) transporter genes and dozens of other genes were rapidly and transiently down‐regulated in early stages of zinc resupply, suggesting a transient zinc shock, sensed locally in roots. Notably, genes with identical regulation were observed in shoots without zinc accumulation, pointing to root‐to‐shoot signals mediating whole‐plant responses to zinc resupply. Molecular events uncovered in the grass model Brachypodium are useful for the improvement of staple monocots.
Predictors of family impact of juvenile localized scleroderma
Authors: Milovanova Katia , Adly Merna , Lethebe Brendan C. , Stevenson Rebeka , Prajapati Vimal H. , Luca Nadia J. C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo measure the impact juvenile localized scleroderma (jLS) has on family quality of life and to identify predictors of family impact in this population which may inform the development of tailored resources to enhance family functioning for patients with jLS.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients with jLS and their families was conducted. Five questionnaires were administered at each visit: Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Family Impact Module (PedsQL‐FIM), PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQL‐Generic), PedsQL Rheumatology Module (PedsQL‐RM), Child Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ), and Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). Linear mixed models with random intercepts for each patient were used to find relationships between family impact scores and clinically relevant variables over time. Variables of interest included disease activity status, methotrexate use, jLS distribution, and scores for PedsQL‐Generic and PedsQL‐RM.ResultsThe median baseline PedsQL‐FIM total score was 80.9 (IQR = 76.6‐97.4). Adjusting for age and sex, the most significant predictors of family impact were PedsQL‐Generic scores and four of five PedsQL‐RM dimensions (all P < .001); methotrexate use had borderline significance (P = .06). Family impact increased more significantly over time in older patients. In multivariable modeling, PedsQL‐Generic total score and jLS “other” distribution were significant for predicting an increased PedsQL‐FIM score (P = .003 and P = .03, respectively).ConclusionsJLS has a moderate family impact. Family impact is predicted by patients’ general and disease‐specific health‐related quality of life (HRQL) and their jLS subtype. There is a trend toward increased family impact with methotrexate treatment. This study emphasizes the importance of family‐centered care in jLS.
Infantile leukocytoclastic vasculitis caused by enterotoxin‐producing methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Namba Takahiro , Ebuchi Yuki , Manabe Keiko , Shimizu Junya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus infections are known to cause leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV). Herein, we describe a case of an 18‐month‐old with LCV caused by enterotoxin‐producing methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) emanating from an unrecognized pharyngeal abscess. It is critical to consider the possibility of extracutaneous sources of MSSA infection when investigating an infant with vasculitis. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital in preventing potentially life‐threatening complications.
Genome‐wide identification of the light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding (Lhc) family in Gossypium hirsutum reveals the influence of GhLhcb2.3 on chlorophyll a synthesis
Authors: Zhang Q. , Ma C. , Wang X. , Ma Q. , Fan S. , Zhang C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Light‐harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding (Lhc) family proteins play a significant role in photosynthetic processes. Our objective was systematic identification and analysis of the Lhc family in cotton, as well as the relationship between Lhc family genes and chlorophyll synthesis during photosynthetic processes.

We used genome‐wide identification, phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal distribution and collinearity to examine potential functions of Lhc superfamily genes in upland cotton. Subcellular localization, qRT‐PCR, a yeast two hybrid (Y2H) , and Virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment were used to explore function of GhLhcb2.3.

Focusing on GhLhc family, gene structural analysis of G. hirsutum Lhc family genes (GhLhc) indicated the conservation of selected Lhc family members. The expression pattern of GhLhc proteins shows that Lhc family proteins are important for photosynthetic processes in leaves. Results of subcellular localization and qRT‐PCR in different cotton varieties showed that GhLhcb2.3 is closely related to chloroplast chlorophyll. Y2H found extensive heteromeric interactions between the GhLhcb2.3 and GhLhcb1.4. Subcellular localization revealed that GhLhcb1.4 is located in chloroplasts. VIGS showed that GhLhcb2.3 influenced chlorophyll a synthesis.

We comprehensively identified Lhc family genes in cotton, characterized these genes and reveal the influence of GhLhcb2.3 on chlorophyll a synthesis.
Bacterial strains integrated with surfactin molecules of Bacillus subtilis MTCC441 enrich nematocidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Nadeem H. , Niazi P. , Asif M. , Kaskavalci G. , Ahmad F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Bacteria secrete lipopeptide (surfactin) molecules, which are known to act as natural antibiotics. Recently, research on lipopeptide molecules has grown because of their role in increasing resistance to plant pathogens.

Isolated surfactin molecules at several concentrations, viz. 35, 25, 15 and 5 ppm, were used in an in vitro study for analysis of egg hatching inhibition and second‐stage juvenile (J2) mortality of the nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Cell suspensions (1.2 × 108 cfu·ml−1) of both Bacillus subtilis (MTCC‐441) and Pseudomonas putida (MTCC‐102) were used in J2 inoculated tomato plants. Root‐dip treatment of tomato seedlings with the crude lipopeptide (35 ppm) was also performed to analyse biocontrol potential. MALDI‐TOF MS analysis was conducted to determine specific lipopeptide molecules.

Data showed nematode egg mortality of 85% in the 35 ppm surfactin concentration 96 h after exposure. The maximum ovicidal activity was 83.97% after incubation with 35 ppm surfactin for the same exposure period. Plant growth attributes and biochemical parameters were significantly improved when bacterial cultures were applied before J2 inoculation of tomato seedlings. We also recorded a reduction in egg masses, nematode population and root galling. The J2 penetration into tomato roots was effective in the root‐dip experiments. Surfactin mass peak was determined at m/z 1058 [M+Na]+ using MALDI‐TOF MS.

These results indicate that bacterial cell suspensions can be used as a potent and versatile source to deal with nematode infection and provide a rich source of bioactive compounds with antinematode activity.
Cryptocaryon irritans (Brown, 1951) is a serious threat to aquaculture of marine fish
Authors: Li Yanwei , Jiang Biao , Mo Zequan , Li Anxing , Dan Xueming 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCryptocaryon irritans (Brown, 1951) is an obligate parasite that mainly invades the skin, fins and gills of marine fish and causes marine ‘white spot disease’. It is common to aquarium and maricultured fish and causes high mortality due to its widespread geographical distribution, indiscriminate host specificity, short and simple life cycle, and high level of virulence. Numerous physical methods and chemical bath agents are applied to cure this disease in closed, re‐circulating aquaculture systems, but these treatments are not suitable in open environments such as cages and ponds. Fortunately, new measures, such as oral chemical drugs, oral plant components, vaccines and even biological control, are being developed as promising methods to treat and prevent cryptocaryoniasis in open aquaculture systems. Here, we provide a broad overview of C. irritans research, focussing primarily on work conducted in the last decade that may offer new insights into the treatment of disease in a practical setting.
China’s import demand for agricultural products: The impact of the Phase One trade agreement
Authors: Feenstra Robert , Hong Chang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn December 2019, China committed to purchase more imports from the United States under a Phase One trade agreement. We show that the most efficient way for China to increase its agricultural imports from the United States is to mimic the effect of an import subsidy, which would need to be 42% and 59%, respectively, to meet the 2020 and 2021 targets in the absence of other growth from 2017. As a result, China would divert agricultural imports away from other countries, especially from Australia and Canada, followed by Brazil, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Surface Layer Modification by Cryogenic Burnishing of Al 7050-T7451 Alloy With Near Ultra-Fine Grained Structure
Authors: Huang B. , Kaynak Y. , Sun Y. , Khraisheh M. K. , Jawahir I. S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Burnishing has been increasingly utilized to improve the surface integrity of manufactured components. The generation of surface and subsurface layers with ultrafine grains, attributed to severe plastic deformation (SPD) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX), leads to improved surface integrity characteristics including surface and subsurface hardness and reduction in surface roughness. Additionally, due to the generation of compressive stresses within the refined layers, increase in fatigue life and improved wear and corrosion resistance can be achieved. In this study, we apply cryogenic burnishing on Al 7050-T7451 discs and compare the surface integrity characteristics with dry conventional burnishing. A special roller burnishing tool with flexible rotating roller head was designed and used to perform the cryogenic burnishing experiments using liquid nitrogen as the coolant. The results show that cryogenic burnishing can increase the surface hardness by an average of 20–30% within a layer depth of 200 µm compared with only 5–10% increase using dry conventional burnishing. Refined layers with nano grain structure were also generated. During cryogenic burnishing, the tangential burnishing forces were higher than those of dry conventional burnishing due to rapid cooling and work hardening of the material.