bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicians’ experiences, attitudes, and beliefs towards medical cannabis: a systematic literature review
Authors: Rønne Sabrina Trappaud , Rosenbaek Frederik , Pedersen Line Bjørnskov , Waldorff Frans Boch , Nielsen Jesper Bo , Riisgaard Helle , Søndergaard Jens 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: An increasing number of countries legalise the use of medical cannabis or allow it for a narrow range of medical conditions in patients. Physicians, and often the patients’ general practitioner, play a major role in the implementation of this policy, but many of them perceive a lack of evidence-based knowledge and may not be confident with providing patients with medical cannabis. The objectives of this review are to synthesise findings about hospital physicians’ and GPs’ experiences, attitudes, and beliefs towards the use of medical cannabis with the purpose of identifying barriers and facilitators towards providing it to their patients.Methods: Peer-reviewed articles addressing hospital physicians’ and GPs’ experiences, attitudes, and beliefs towards the use of medical cannabis were searched systematically in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.Results: Twenty-one articles were included from five different countries in which the medical cannabis laws varied. The studied physicians experienced frequent inquiries about medical cannabis from their patients (49-95%), and between 10-95% of the physicians were willing to provide it to the patients, depending on setting, specialty and experience among the physicians. This review found that physicians experienced in prescribing medical cannabis were more convinced of its benefits and less worried about adverse effects than non-experienced physicians. However, physicians specialized in addiction treatment and certain relevant indication areas seemed more sceptical compared to physicians in general. Nevertheless, physicians generally experienced a lack of knowledge of clinical effects including both beneficial and adverse effects.Conclusion: This review indicates that hospital physicians and GPs’ in various specialties frequently experience patient demands for medical cannabis and to some degree show openness to using it, although there was a wide gap between studies in terms of willingness to provide. Hospital physicians and GPs’ experienced in prescribing are more convinced of effects and less worried of adverse effects. However, most physicians experience a lack of knowledge of beneficial effects, adverse effects and of how to advise patients, which may comprise barriers towards prescribing. More research, including larger studies with cohort designs and qualitative studies, is needed to further examine facilitators and barriers to physicians’ prescribing practices.
Genetic Analysis of the ZNF804A&nbsp;Gene in Mexican Patients With Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder and Bipolar Disorder&nbsp;
Authors: ANGUIANO LUCIA MUNCH , Camarena Beatriz , Nieto-Quinto Jesica , Torre Patricia de la , Laclette Juan Pedro , Hirata-Hernandez Harumi , Hernández-Muñoz Sandra , Aguilar-Garcia Alejandro , Becerra-Palars Claudia , Gutierrez-Mora Doris , Ortega-Ortiz Hiram , Escamilla-Orozco Raul , Saracco-Alvarez Ricardo , Bustos-Jaimes Ismael 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that Schizophrenia (SCZ), Schizoaffective Disorder (SAD) and Bipolar Disorder (BPD) share genetic risk variants. ZNF804A gene has been associated with these disorders in different populations. The aim was to analyze the rs1344706 SNP and identify common and rare variants in a targeted region of the ZNF804A gene in SCZ, BPD and SAD Mexican patients compared with a control group.Methods: We genotyped the rs1344706 in 228 Mexican patients diagnosed with SCZ, SAD and BPD, and 295 controls. An additional sample of 167 patients and 170 controls was analyzed to identify rare and common variants using the Sanger-sequence analysis of a targeted region of ZNF804A gene. Results: We replicated the association between the rs1344706 and SCZ, SAD and BPD. In the sequence analysis, we did not identify rare variants; however, we identified three common variants: rs3046266, rs1366842 and rs12477430. A comparison of the three identified variants between SCZ, SAD and BPD did not show statistical differences. Conclusions: Our findings support the evidence suggesting that ZNF804A gene is involved in the etiology of SZC, SAD and BPD. Future studies are needed to identify the pleiotropic effect of this gene in psychiatric disorders.
Infrared Thermography for Assessment of Thoracic Paravertebral Block: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Liu Yong , Liu Xiaohu , Liu Tianzhu , Li Pengcheng , Mei Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: There was no “gold standard” to assess the success or failure of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB). Measurement of skin temperature with infrared thermography (IT) would be a reliable method to evaluate the effectiveness of regional blocks. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using skin temperature difference (Td) determined by IT between the blocked and unblocked side to predict the outcome of TPVB. Methods: Sixty-one patients undergoing elective unilateral breast or thoracoscopic surgery were enrolled in this prospective observational study. TPVB was performed at T4 and T5 under real-time ultrasound guidance with 10 mL of 0.4% ropivacaine for each patient, respectively. Td between the blocked and unblocked side were measured with IT from T2 to T10 at the anterior chest wall before TPVB and 5 min, 10 min, 15 min and 20 min after TPVB. Pinprick test was performed at 20 min after TPVB. Successful TPVB was defined as no sensation to pinprick in 3 or more adjacent dermatomes corresponding to the site of injection at 20 min after TPVB. Td was compared to pinprick test for evaluating its effectiveness in predicting the success of TPVB. The sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off value of Td for predicting successful TPVB were determined by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: Compared with the baseline value before block, Td from T2 to T10 were significantly increased at each time point in successful blocks. In failed blocks, Td was not increased in any dermatome. The increase of Td at T4-T7 was more than 1℃ 20 min after successful TPVB. Fifteen minutes after block, Td increase at T4 had the greatest potential to predict block success. The area under the ROC curve was 0.960 at a cut-off value of 0.63℃ with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 100.0%.Conclusions: This study suggested that the increase of Td at T4 dermatome determined by IT between the blocked and unblocked side is an early, quantitative, and reliable predictor of successful TPVB. Clinical trial registration: NCT04078347
Promotion of wound healing by insulin-like growth factor-1-loaded Bombyx mori L. silk fibroin films in diabetic mice
Authors: Lin Meng-Jin , Lu Mei-Chun , Chan Yun-Chen , Chang Hwan-You 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to engineer an advanced wound-dressing combining Bombyx mori L. silk fibroin (SF) with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Silk fibroin was purified through a newly-developed high-temperature degumming process and cast on a hydrophobic surface to form SF-films. The process allowed the fabrication of a film exhibiting a 42% increase in transparency and a 32% higher proliferation rate of BALB/3T3 fibroblasts compared to that obtained by conventional alkaline treatment. This study demonstrated that the optimal concentration of IGF-1 to promote BALB/3T3 cell growth in hyperglycemic medium was approximately 130 nM. Further analysis of wound healing in a diabetic mouse model indicated that SF-film loaded with 3.25 pmol IGF-1 showed significantly superior wound closure (13% increase) at 13 days after treatment compared to treatment with 65 pmol free IGF-1. We clearly observed improvement in diabetic wound healing exerted synergistically by SF-film and IGF-1, as reflected by parameters including degree of re-epithelialization, epithelial tissue area, and angiogenesis. These results strongly suggest the great potential of IGF-1-loaded SF-film as a dressing for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
An Advanced Extremum Seeking Scheme for the Target Trajectory in Electromagnetic Micromirror System
Authors: Sun Wanyan , Tan Yonghong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Now two problems result in bad control in the development of the electromagnetic micromirror system. One is that theoretical model in electromagnetic micromirror system is difficult to be determined; Another is that parameters in common control need to be tuned according to the experience. In this paper, cost function concept is proposed to determine the model order in slow-scan axis control of the electromagnetic micromirror. Then recursive least square scheme is built to off-line identify this model. Furthermore, an advanced extremum seeking scheme along with backtracking line search is exploited, which can automatically identify the best parameter value before each extremum search to improve the controllability based on this model for the target trajectory in slow-scan axis control. And the convergence of it is proved. Finally, the experiments and the simulations verify this method proposed valid.
Hypoxia-induced Preadipocyte factor 1 expression in human lung fibroblasts through ERK/PEA3/c-Jun pathway
Authors: Cheng Wun-Hao , Chen Chia-Ling , Chen Jing-Yun , Lin Chien-Huang , Chen Bing-Chang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Several studies have reported that hypoxia plays a pathological role in severe asthma and tissue fibrosis. Our previous study showed that hypoxia induces A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) expression in human lung fibroblasts. Moreover, preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1) is cleaved by ADAM17, which participates in adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, Pref­1 overexpression is involved in liver and heart fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that polyoma enhancer activator 3 (PEA3) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) play crucial roles in lung fibrosis, and the Pref-1 promoter region contains PEA3 and AP-1 binding sites, as predicted. However, the roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), PEA3, and AP-1 in hypoxia-stimulated Pref-1 expression in human lung fibroblasts remain unknown.
Methods
The protein expression in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mice was performed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The protein expression or the mRNA level in human lung fibroblasts (WI-38) was detected by western blot or quantitative PCR. Small interfering (si) RNA was used to knockdown gene expression. The collaboration with PEA3 and c-Jun were determined by coimmunoprecipitation. Translocation of PEA3 from the cytosol to the nucleus was observed by immunocytochemistry. The binding ability of PEA3 and AP-1 to Pref-1 promoter was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation.
Results
Pref-1, PEA3, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) were expressed in the lung sections of ovalbumin-treated mice. Hypoxia induced Pref­1 protein upregulation and mRNA expression in human lung fibroblasts (WI­38 cells). Moreover, PEA3 small interfering (si) RNA decreased the expression of hypoxia-induced Pref­1 in WI­38 cells. Hypoxia induced PEA3 phosphorylation, translocation of PEA3 from the cytosol to the nucleus, PEA3 recruitment and AP-1 binding to the Pref­1 promoter region, and PEA3-luciferase activity. Furthermore, hypoxia induced c-Jun-PEA3 complex formation, and U0126 (an ERK inhibitor) or curcumin (an AP­1 inhibitor) downregulated hypoxia-induced Pref-1 expression.
Conclusions
These results implied that ERK, PEA3, and AP­1 participate in hypoxia­induced Pref­1 expression in human lung fibroblasts.
Comprehensive support for families with parental cancer – Family-SCOUT: study protocol for the evaluation of a complex intervention
Authors: Dohmen Marc , Petermann-Meyer Andrea , Blei Daniel , Bremen Rebecca , Brock-Midding Evamarie , Brüne Manuela , Geiser Franziska , Haastert Burkhard , Halbach Sarah Maria , Heuser Christian , Holsteg Steffen , Heier Lina , Icks Andrea , Karger Andre , Montalbo Joseph , Nakata Hannah , Panse Jens , Rottmann Till-Philip , Sättler Kristina , Viehmann Anja , Vomhof Markus , Ernstmann Nicole , Brümmendorf Tim H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Families with minor children affected by parental cancer are at risk of considerable emotional and organizational stress that can severely burden all family members. So far, there has been a lack of comprehensive support services for affected families. The aim of this project is to implement and evaluate a complex psychosocial intervention for these families by providing advice, information and care on an emotional, psycho-social and communicative level during and after the cancer experience and across healthcare sectors.Methods: Family-SCOUT is a project supported by the German Innovation Fund (https://innovationsfonds.g-ba.de/). The evaluation is based on a mixed method quasi-experimental design with intervention and control group. A standardized postal survey at three measurement points (T0: study enrollment; T1: 3 months follow-up; T2: 9 months follow-up), secondary data from the participating health insurance funds, and semi-structured qualitative interviews are used for summative and formative evaluation. Study aim is to include n=560 families. Data will be analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle. The primary analysis is the comparison of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) response rates (minimal important difference (MID) ≥ 1.6 in at least one of the two parents) at T2 between the intervention and control group using Fisher’s exact test. The conduct of the study as well as the development and implementation of the intervention will be accompanied by comprehensive study monitoring following the principles of an effectiveness-implementation hybrid study. Discussion: Results will allow to test the effectiveness and efficiency of the intervention for the target group. First experience with the implementation of the intervention in model regions will be available. The evaluation results will serve as basis to assess the need of including the intervention in the catalogue of services of the statutory health insurance funds in Germany. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04186923. Retrospectively registered on 4 December 2019.
A Menstruating Taboo is Structuring and Shaping the Human Behavior in the Harvesting of Medicinal Plants in a Semiarid Landscape in Brazil
Authors: Siqueira Jorge Izaquiel Alves de , Siqueira Jorge Izaquiel Alves de , Senna-Valle Luci de , Chaves Edna Maria Ferreira , Lemos Jesus Rodrigues 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThis article presents, from a biocultural perspective, a menstruating taboo related to the touching, harvesting and preparation of home remedies based on the use of medicinal plants in a rural community located in a semiarid landscape of Cocal municipality, Piauí state, Northeastern Brazil. MethodsMethods used include participant observation and semi-structured interviews performed with 27 local people (21 female and six male) that recognized a taboo regarding the menstruating cycle and the harvesting of medicinal plants in Franco rural community, Cocal, Piauí, Northeastern Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were used to document data regarding the profile of research participants, their perceptions about the taboo documented, as well as the social and biocultural implications of the execution of this traditional practice of prohibition. Participant observation was conducted in order to grasp a better understanding of the social and biocultural implications of the taboo. Additionally, a photographic record was kept during this stage.ResultsIt was verified in Franco rural community that female adolescents and/or women in their menstruating period were prohibited from touching, harvesting and/or preparing home remedies based on the use of medicinal plants. Research participants believed that this can cause the death of medicinal plants, or that they lose their medicinal properties. This taboo has serious social and biocultural implications locally, and can be structured firstly as maladaptive of cultural information at the individual level, as it inhibits the ability of menstruating women to take care of themselves and the health of their families, and secondly as an adaptative strategy at the group level among its users (promotes the transmission of knowledge and cooperation among its users). This traditional practice has serious positive implications for maintaining local bioculturality, sustainability of local medical systems and women's health.ConclusionThis taboo documented within the Franco community is an important informal institution with great influence on human biocultural behavior. The inclusion of these perspectives on taboos in biocultural studies offers opportunities for a greater understanding of biocultural attitudes related to interactions between the human species/biota and the environment in a complex knowledge system.
The architecture of psychological well-being: A network analysis study of the Ryff psychological well-being scale&nbsp;
Authors: Blasco-Belled Ana , Alsinet Carles 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The proliferation of mental health research is orienting its efforts towards the exploration of psychological well-being. One of the main burdens is the measurement challenges reported by the Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS), which has often been criticized for inconsistencies between the theoretical and the empirical model. A potential alternative to understand the structure of psychological well-being is network models, which conceptualizes psychological phenomena as emerging systems of mutually connected indicators. We examined the network structure of the Spanish 29-item PWBS in a sample of 1,404 adults. We estimated a regularized partial correlation network using the graphical LASSO algorithm in the item and dimension level. We tested the stability of both networks and identified the most important variables of the network. The PWBS network model revealed four dimensions, with self-acceptance, life purpose and environmental mastery clustering together. Node strength centrality suggested that self-acceptance is the most central dimension in the psychological well-being structure as measured by the PWBS. Despite the network model of psychological well-being did not replicate the theoretical structure of Ryff’s model, it provides a novel conceptualization of psychological well-being and proposes target indicators for mental health interventions.
Complete Recovery of Deep Venous Thrombosis From Coombs (+) Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Case Report
Authors: Zhou Mi , Yin Jie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an aggressive thrombotic microangiopathy that if not treated, can have a 90% mortality rate. Timely, extensive plasma exchange (PEX) has been indicated to reduce the mortality rate to<10%, but its side effects are not well-known. We present here a case of a patient presented with Comb (+) TTP and developed catheter-associated deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Case presentation: A 27-year-young man presented with persistent thrombocytopenia and Coombs positive anemia was firstly diagnosed with Evans syndrome. However, he was refractory to a methylprednisolone pulse therapy with a combination of platelet transfusion and eventually developed microangiopathy of central nerve system. Sever pathogenesis was prevented by PEX. The immediate start of PEX (1500ml/d) induced a complete remission of acquired TTP and disappearance of neurological signs and symptoms. However, external iliac and femoro-popliteal venous thrombosis was diagnosed subsequently, inferior vena cava filter (IVC) filter was immediately planting accompanied with anticoagulation therapy. Meanwhile, PEX session was sustained as well as oral anticoagulant (rivaroxaban). 14 days later, the patient got full recovery.Conclusions: Catheter-related DVT under the setting of TTP should be cautious. It is necessary to start anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy for thrombosis early, especially in such cases when PLT count > 50×109/L.
Paleofluid flow:&nbsp;answers in the quartz.
Authors: Freville Kevin , Sizaret Stanislas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The search for carbon-free energy sources is at the heart of our concerns. It has become necessary to develop our capacities to harness the active energy flows of our environment while trying to have the lowest possible impact. Among these flows, one of the most stable is that linked to terrestrial thermal anomalies. Geothermal energy is an attractive option due to its regularity and the development of knowledge is encouraged, in France, by the national research funding agency. Geothermal systems are mainly associated with active hydrothermal circulations, fluids can be considered as a source of heat but also of metals. However, fluid circulation within active hydrothermal fields occurs at considerable depths and cannot be observed directly. In this study we propose a method for reconstructing the paleo-flow velocities recorded by quartz. The relative thickness of quartz growth bands is used to deduce the sense and velocity of the paleofluid flow. This contribution highlights the paleofluid flows velocities and the recharge/discharge area in the Limagne Basin geothermal province, which is currently under investigation. Finally, this study provides a tool to be used to study fossil hydrothermal systems containing quartz veins with comb textures.
Essential oils of basil cultivars selectively affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes in glial cells
Authors: Sahakyan Naira 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The qualitative and quantitative composition of essential oils (EO) of Ocimum species, cultivated in high altitude Armenian landscape was quite different and the main components of O. basilicum var. purpureum; O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora and O. x citriodorum oils belong to the class of oxygenated monoterpenes. Investigated EOs possess remarkable antioxidant activity. They inhibit the tyrosinase activity, the enzyme responsible not only for the melanin production, but also for various aging-related metabolic processes. Investigated EOs had no any significant effect on catalase at the protein levels, but alter its activity in neuroglial BV-2 different cell lines. Treatment of the neuroglial cell lines with the sub-cytotoxic concentrations of three mentioned EOs influence also the activity of acetyl-CoA oxidase type 1. Practical Applications The microglial cells play a pivotal role as the neuroprotective agents against neuroinflammation. Different data included in the present article are stating that plant origin substances can play a role of regulators of enzymatic antioxidant capacity of cells. EOs extracted from the Ocimum different cultivars are able to trigger the activity of acetyl-CoA oxidase type 1 (or palmytoil-CoA oxidase type 1), which can serve as a basis of regulation of redox deviation in WT cells. So, it can be suggested them to be applied for the prevention of some processes, which can influence on the aging, as the process of ageing is commonly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress caused by the increased level of free radical production, dysfunction of the microglia, high blood pressure and so on.