bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approaches to the development of online learning In the digital environment of higher education in Yakutia
Authors: Barakhsanova Elizaveta Afanasyevna , Sivtsev Mikhail Petrovich , Pavlov Nyurgun Mikhailovich , Batorov Afanasy Radnaevich , Alekseeva Maria Egorovna 
Published: June 2021

The authors justified the idea of developing online courses based on the use of Moodle tools, allowing the formation of knowledge in the field of technological and methodological skills and abilities to use educational applications, services, and their application in professional activities in the implementation of online learning in the digital environment of the university. Assessment of the effectiveness of the online course is confirmed by the solution of professional tasks from the knowledge of the digital educational environment with interdisciplinary content and tasks requiring the use of e-learning tools. Analysis of the results using two-way analysis of variance revealed a significant effect of factors on the effective feature using the F-test. The significance of the study lies in the development of online advanced training courses aimed at improving the technological level of teachers and educators of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the implementation of the remote format of training using online distance learning tools and technologies.
Assessment of the Pine Forests Condition Using Forest Factors, Physiological Characteristics and Remote Detection Data
Authors: Szymanek Mariusz , Tanaś Wojciech , Sprawka Maciej , Pugachevsky Alexander , Sazonov Alexander , Kostyukevich Sergey , Kudin Mikhail , Puchilo Anatoly , Semyonov Oleg , Shukanov Vladimir 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper evaluates the pathological condition of Belarusian forests with the use of monitoring of traditional forest factors and remote sensing data. The aim of the research was to assess the condition of pine forests to monitor forest degradation based on biochemical analyzes of needle samples and aviation monitoring with the use of monitoring data and remote detection. The remote shooting was carried out quasi-synchronously with the ground sampling of needles using an unmanned aircraft complex of an aircraft type. Based on the results of biochemical analyzes of needle samples, biochemical indicators that characterize the stability and physiological state of pine were determined: the level of peroxidation of membrane lipids; the release of water-soluble substances from plant tissues, which reflect the integrity of the cell walls; the content of photosynthetic pigments in the needles.
Economic Efficiency and Internal Competitive Advantages of Grain Production in the Central Region of Ukraine
Authors: Kovalenko Nataliia , Kovalenko Vitalii , Hutsol Taras , Ievstafiieva Yulia , Polishchuk Anastasiia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper discusses competitiveness of the agro-industrial sector, which is a multifaceted concept that characterizes its ability to compete in both domestic and foreign markets. Ukraine has significant opportunities to develop the agricultural sector and turn it into a highly efficient branch of economy. Favorable soil and climate conditions, and fertile land contribute to its further development, obtaining agricultural crops in volumes sufficient to meet domestic needs and build export potential. The production process of agricultural goods takes longer than in industry. Therefore, at the stage of determination of the production program of an agricultural enterprise, it is very difficult to respond on time to changes in consumer demand and increase the product competitiveness within the already established production schemes in the markets. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of growing the studied crops in a typical farm in Central Ukraine and offer a roadmap for making management decisions when planning a production program. For this purpose, a method based on calculations of the gross margin, total expenses, production thresholds, profitability, and payback of production factors was chosen.
A latest Eocene (Chadronian) brontothere (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the Antero Formation, South Park, Colorado
Authors: Sweedler Rory E. , Eberle Jaelyn J. , Mihlbachler Matthew C. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTLate Eocene brontotheres are documented most prevalently from formations in the Great Plains of North America. Here we describe UCM 109045, a mandible and lower dentition of a brontothere recovered from a latest Eocene (Chadronian) locality in the Antero Formation in South Park, Colorado. This is a high-altitude locality in which vertebrate fossils are rare. Lower incisor number and presence of a long postcanine diastema indicate that UCM 109045 does not belong to Megacerops coloradensisLeidy, 1870, by far the most abundant brontothere from the Chadronian North American Land Mammal Age. Instead, UCM 109045 is morphologically most similar to Protitanops curryiStock, 1936, from the early Chadronian of the southwestern United States, and nomen dubium Megacerops primitivusLambe, 1908, from the Chadronian of Saskatchewan, Canada. It is possible that Megacerops kuwagatarhinusMader and Alexander, 1995, is a junior synonym of M. primitivus. If UCM 109045 belongs to Megacerops primitivus (= M. kuwgatarhinus), it would support the hypothesis that only two species of brontothere—M. primitivus (= M. kuwgatarhinus) and M. coloradensis—survived into the latest Eocene. Regardless of its exact identification, the discovery of UCM 109045 in the Antero Formation provides insight into a poorly understood, high-altitude locality in North America from just before brontothere extinction at the Eocene–Oligocene boundary.
Improving Security of Crypto-Steg Approach using Time Sequence Dictionary and Modifying Spacing Techniques
Authors: Ali Abdulmunem Inas 
Published: June 2021

Cryptography and steganography are significant tools for data security. Hybrid the cryptography with Steganography can give more security by taking advantage of each technique. This work has proposed a method for improving the crypto-stego method by utilizing the proposed dictionary method to modified ciphertext then hiding modified encrypt ciphertext in the text by used the proposed modified space method. For cryptography, we have been utilized an advanced encryption standard (AES) to the encrypted message, The AES algorithm is utilized a 128bit Block Size and 256bit key size. The ciphertext characters is then replaced by the characters identified by dictionary list. The dictionary is time-dependent, where each of the equivalent words will shifting based on the time-shift equation. The modified ciphertext is then embedded into a cover text so that the attacker cannot separate them by applying cryptanalysis. The â€œModifying Spacesâ€ method used â€œSpacesâ€ to build a steganography tool that hide the secret message.
The experimental results show that the proposed method has achieved high-security level when combined cryptography and steganography in such way that the ciphertext is changed to another value by a used dictionary with time sequence that makes cryptanalysis test failed to guess and identify the algorithm that been used for encryption. The stego. test shows the proposed method achieved good results in term of capacity and visibility which is approved it hard to notice. The tests also approved that the proposed methods run fast with a less computational requirement.
New Library Services in the Framework of Digital Humanities Projects: Foreign Experience
Authors: Savitskaya Tatiana E. 
Published: June 2021

Integration of information and communication technology platforms is one of the incentives for the development of Digital Humanities (DH) projects abroad in their increasingly close interaction with academic, primarily University libraries. The purpose of the article is to analyze the deepening interaction of libraries with DH projects within the single digital paradigm, as well as to analyze new services for project management, data curation, organization of online publications, preservation and exchange of databases, etc. In the era of digital convergence, large scientific libraries abroad are actively developing new models of cooperation with DH projects, forming special service packages for continuous servicing of scientists on the basis of the integrated approach.The article discusses the new concept of library services for DH projects, draws attention to the problem of classification and ranking of library services in order to streamline the work and improve its efficiency, describes the existing multi-level service models developed in the library systems of the major US Universities. In the context of formation of the new package of library services within the framework of DH projects, the article considers the new practices and operational models on which they are based. The author describes the experience of University libraries in the Netherlands and Canada. Under the innovation pressure in the field of library technologies, the service package offered by scientific libraries in developed countries is constantly expanding and modernizing. It includes not only digitization of printed materials, computer assistance, but also management of databases, preservation and exchange of scientific data, organization of digital publications, consultations in the field of copyright protection, etc. Development of new practices in the field of digital services management changes the organizational paradigm of library work, puts forward new standards of professional activity, which require continuous training to meet, i.e. launches an institutional rebranding of the library.
WikiLeaks et le contrôle démocratique de la politique étrangère
Authors: Hincu Ronaxa 
Published: June 2021

Le présent article analyse les effets des révélations de WikiLeaks sur le processus de contrôle démocratique de la politique étrangère. Plus exactement, il pose la question de savoir quels sont les effets des révélations de WikiLeaks en terme de contrôle démocratique sur la politique étrangère. Ces révélations ont remis en cause la cyber sécurité, la relation entre les acteurs étatiques et non étatiques, et les valeurs de la démocratie. Une démarche conceptuelle sur le secret en relations internationales s’avère nécessaire pour mettre en avant le secret comme une pratique traditionnelle consistant à arrêter la circulation de l’information exercée dans un milieu fermé. Ensuite, on présente les éléments qui assurent la légitimité démocratique de la politique étrangère. L’accès libre à l’information est la condition essentielle pour assurer le contrôle démocratique sur la politique étrangère. Le renseignement militaire et les négociations diplomatiques sont des secteurs où le secret a une place tout à fait particulière, imposant des limites à l’information. Enfin, la critique liée au cas WikiLeaks concernant la conception excessive du secret diplomatique et sécuritaire sera discutée. Les méthodes de recherche sont l’analyse de discours, la revue de presse et l’analyse de documents juridiques.
Lumbopelvic Stability and Trunk Muscle Contractility of Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: McCann Ryan S , Johnson Kelly , Suttmiller Ashley M B 
Published: June 2021

Background Chronic ankle instability (CAI) results in hip neuromuscular impairments that can perpetuate dysfunction through reduced lumbopelvic stability and subsequent malpositioning of the lower body during functional movement. Lumbopelvic stability might be further impaired through changes in trunk muscular contractility. However, lumbopelvic stability and trunk muscle morphology have not been compared between individuals with and without CAI. Purpose To compare lumbopelvic stability and trunk muscle contractility between individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI) and determine if lumbopelvic stability and trunk muscle contractility are associated with self-reported function. Study Design Case-control study. Methods Ten individuals with CAI, 10 ankle sprain copers (COP), and 10 healthy controls (CON) participated. Diagnostic ultrasound imaging was used to assess transversus abdominis (TrA) and lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle contractility. A percent change in contraction thickness from rested to contracted conditions was calculated for each muscle. Lumbopelvic stability was assessed using unilateral hip bridge, trunk flexion endurance, Biering-Sorensen, and side plank tests. Self-reported function was measured with the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure Activity of Daily Living (FAAM-ADL) and Sport (FAAM-S) subscales. One-way ANOVAs and Cohen’s d effect sizes compared scores on clinician and patient-reported outcomes between groups. Pearson product moment correlations analyzed associations between self-reported function and trunk muscle contractility and lumbopelvic stability. Significance was set a priori at P<0.05 Results COP had significantly greater TrA contractility than CAI (P<0.01, d=2.65[1.45,3.85]) and CON (P=0.03, d=1.05[0.08,1.94]). Although not statistically significant, a large effect size suggest that CAI had lower TrA contractility than CON (P=0.12, d=0.92[-0.03,1.80]). No differences existed for LM contractility or lumbopelvic stability tests. A moderate direct correlation (r=0.65, P=0.04) existed between CON’s TrA contractility and FAAM-ADL scores. Conclusion Deficits in TrA contractility are a novel finding among individuals with CAI. While LM contractility and lumbopelvic stability did not differ between groups, future research should continue to examine their relevance to CAI. Level of Evidence 3b
Differences in Muscle Activities and Kinematics between Forefoot Strike and Rearfoot Strike in the Lower Limb during 180° Turns
Authors: Yoshida Naruto , Kunugi Shun , Konno Takehiro , Masunari Akihiko , Nishida Satoru , Koumura Takashi , Kobayashi Naoyuki , Miyakawa Shumpei 
Published: June 2021

Background A forefoot strike (FFS) could be a safer landing technique than a rearfoot strike (RFS) during a cutting motion to prevent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Purpose This study aimed to determine the joint angles, ground reaction force (GRF), and muscle activity levels associated with FFS and RFS landings during 180° turns. Study design Cross-sectional study Methods Fourteen male soccer players from the University of Tsukuba football (soccer) club participated in this study. The FFS consisted of initial contact with the toes on the force plates followed by the rearfoot; meanwhile, the initial contact was performed with the heels on the force plates followed by the forefoot for the RFS. Ankle, knee, and hip joint angles were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system. GRFs were measured using a force plate. Gluteus medius (GM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), semitendinosus (ST), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), and lateral gastrocnemius (GL) activities were measured by electromyography. Results The activities of GM, GL, and ST from initial contact to early periods during landing into the ground with the FFS are larger than those with RFS. In addition, the results showed significant differences in lower-limb angles and GRFs between the FFS and RFS. Conclusion These results suggest that there might be differences in ACL injury risk during a 180° turn between the FFS and the RFS pattern. An investigation into the grounding method that prevents injury is necessary in future studies. Levels of Evidence Level 3b
Concentric and Eccentric Force Changes with Elastic Band and Isotonic Heavy Resistance Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Folkins Eric , Sahni Sidharth , Ryan John , Wooden Stacey , Bushby Gina , Radzinski Christian 
Published: June 2021

Background Inclusion of resistance training as part of a general fitness program to improve health, and lower risk of disease and injury is well established. Two common options to improve strength are elastic bands and weights. Comparison between elastic bands (as the sole resistance) to isotonic strengthening for concentric and eccentric strength outcomes following the use of low repetitions/heavy resistance has not been reported. Hypothesis/Purpose The purpose was to examine the effects of a four-week isotonic low repetitions/heavy resistance strengthening program compared to a low repetitions/heavy resistance elastic band strengthening program on shoulder external rotation, hip abduction, and elbow flexion concentric and eccentric isokinetic force production in college aged untrained females. Study Design Randomized Trial Methods Twenty healthy females performed pre-and-post isokinetic (60 degrees/second) concentric/eccentric testing of the elbow flexors, shoulder external rotators, and hip abductors. Participants were randomly assigned to a four-week independent low repetitions/heavy resistance strengthening program performed with either elastic bands or isotonic exercises. Results A significant (p < 0.05) effect of time was found for eccentric elbow flexor and concentric and eccentric hip abduction force production in the elastic band group with post-test values greater than pre-test values. A significant (p < 0.05) effect of time was found for elbow flexor concentric and eccentric force production in the isotonic group with post-test values greater then pre-test values. No significant (p>0.05) effect of time was found for shoulder external rotator concentric and eccentric forces for both groups, the isotonic group’s hip abduction concentric and eccentric force production and elastic band group’s elbow flexion concentric force production. No significant effect of intervention (p >0.05) on concentric or eccentric elbow flexors, shoulder external rotators, or hip abductors force production was found, with pre-test and post-test values being similar between groups. Conclusion Health care practitioners and coaches can consider the prescription of a heavy resistance training program with elastic bands or isotonic exercises for an independent exercise program and expect similar concentric and eccentric muscle force changes. Level of Evidence Level 2b
Identifying Risk Factors of Upper Extremity Injuries in Collegiate Baseball Players: A Pilot Study
Authors: Slowik Robert , Morris Christopher , Hoch Matthew , Uhl Timothy 
Published: June 2021

Background Repetitive pitching places tremendous forces on the shoulder and elbow which can lead to upper extremity (UE) or lower extremity (LE) overuse injuries. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate pre-season physical measurements in collegiate baseball players and track in-season baseball throwing volume to determine which factors may predict throwing overuse injuries. Study Design Retrospective Cohort study. Methods Baseline preseason mobility, strength, endurance, and perception of function were measured in 17 collegiate baseball pitchers. Participants were then followed during the course of the season to collect rate of individual exposure, estimated pitch volume, and rating of perceived exertion in order to determine if changes in workload contributed to risk of injury using an Acute-to-Chronic Workload ratio (ACWR). Results Participants developing an injury had greater shoulder internal rotator strength (p=0.04) and grip strength in a neutral position (p=0.03). A significant relationship was identified between ACWR and UE injuries (p <0.001). Athletes with an ACWR above or below 33% were 8.3 (CI95 1.8-54.1) times more likely to suffer a throwing overuse injury occurring to the upper or lower extremity in the subsequent week. Conclusion ACWR change in a positive or negative direction by 33% was the primary predictor of subsequent injury. This finding may assist sports medicine clinicians by using this threshold when tracking pitch volume to ensure a safe progression in workload during a baseball season to reduce the risk of sustaining overuse upper or lower extremity injuries. Level of Evidence 3b
Medio-Lateral Hamstring Muscle Activity in Unilateral vs. Bilateral Strength Exercises in Female Team Handball Players – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sørensen Brian , Aagaard Per , Malchow-Møller Lasse , Zebis Mette Kreutzfeldt , Bencke Jesper 
Published: June 2021

Background Reduced activation of the hamstring muscles and specifically the medial semitendinosus muscle (ST) has been shown to be a risk factor for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Specific hamstring strength exercises may show high ST activity, however the effect of unilateral vs. bilateral exercise execution on ST activation remains unknown. Purpose To investigate selected lower limb strengthening exercises performed either unilaterally or bilaterally to identify 1) which exercise elicited the highest hamstring activation, 2) which exercise elicited the highest ST activation, and 3) to examine if unilateral exercise execution altered the medio-lateral hamstring activation pattern. Furthermore, the kinematic characteristics of each specific exercise and execution modality were determined to reveal possible causes for differences in medio-lateral hamstring activation between the different exercise conditions. Study design Cross-sectional study. Methods Single-session repeated measures were obtained in a randomized manner. Twenty-three female elite team handball players were recruited. Hamstring electromyographic (EMG) activity and 3D kinematics were obtained during selected lower limb exercises (hip thrust, kettlebell swing, Romanian deadlift). Hamstring EMG activity, normalized to maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) (nEMG), and inter-muscular activation difference between the ST and lateral hamstring biceps femoris (BF) were compared across exercises using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results Bilateral hip thrust demonstrated highest overall hamstring activity (68.9±16.6 %). Kettlebell swing (Δ13%-point, p<0.01) and Romanian deadlift (Δ20-24%-point, p<0.01) demonstrated greater ST-BF activation differences (Δ=ST-BF) in favor of ST compared to hip thrust (Δ2-7%). Positive correlations were observed between knee joint angle and ST activity in kettlebell swing and deadlift. Conclusion Kettlebell swing, deadlift and hip thrust all produced high activation of the hamstring muscles. Kettlebell swing and both deadlift exercises were superior in activating ST over BF, favoring these exercises in the prevention of non-contact ACL injury in female athletes, which should be evaluated in future intervention studies. Level of evidence 3