bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pentacene memory transistors using ligand-exchanged and energy-level-controlled PbS colloidal nanodots for charge-trapping layers
Authors: Ihara Seiya , Uno Kazuyuki , Tanaka Ichiro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We fabricated pentacene memory transistors using a monolayer of ligand-exchanged and energy-level-controlled PbS colloidal nanodots (NDs) as charge-trapping layers, and it was demonstrated that the writing and retention times were reduced and increased, respectively. This result is explained with a model that the memory effect is due to the electrons tunneled from the pentacene layer into the PbS NDs when a writing voltage was applied. According to this model, the writing and retention characteristics were improved because of the lowered electron energy levels in the NDs.
GaN-on-silicon transistors with reduced current collapse and improved blocking voltage by means of local substrate removal
Authors: Abid Idriss , Canato Eleonora , Meneghini Matteo , Meneghesso Gaudenzio , Cheng Kai , Medjdoub Farid 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We report on the demonstration of low trapping effects above 1200 V of GaN-on-silicon transistors using a local substrate removal (LSR) followed by a thick backside ultra-wide-bandgap AlN deposition. Substrate ramp measurements show reduced hysteresis up to 3000 V. It has been found that the LSR approach not only enables the extension operation voltage capabilities of GaN-on-silicon HEMTs with low on-resistance but also allow for the reduction of trapping effects directly affecting their dynamic behavior. This work points out that a large part of the electron trapping under high bias occurs at the AlN nucleation layer and Si substrate interface.
The tunable one-way transmission of Lamb waves by using giant magnetostrictive materials
Authors: Xue Xiaowei , Li Peng , Jin Feng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The methodology to realize the tunable one-way transmission of Lamb waves is proposed by using giant magnetostrictive materials. The elasticity of Terfenol-D is sensitive to the external magnetic fields, based on which the one-way transmission anti-symmetric and symmetric Lamb waves is achieved via non-symmetric magnetic field distributions imposed on Terfenol-D, and exemplified by numerical simulations in the frequency domain. Finally, the frequency tunability under magnetic fields is revealed quantitatively. The design scheme proposed is easily fabricated and artificially controllable, which opens a new prospect for the wave rectification and engineering applications.
Numerical simulation of artificial spin ice for reservoir computing
Authors: Hon Kwan , Kuwabiraki Yuki , Goto Minori , Nakatani Ryoichi , Suzuki Yoshishige , Nomura Hikaru 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We propose the use of artificial spin ice (ASI) for reservoir computing and evaluate its performance from simulation results. Our ASI reservoir is formed by 72 magnets arranged in a honeycomb lattice and the temperature is 0 K. A pseudo-random binary sequence is sent to the reservoir and its status is updated by external magnetic fields. Short-term memory capacity of 3.5 and nonlinear computational capacity of 2.9 are achieved when the strength of the magnetic fields is near the switching field of the magnets. The performance can be optimized by tuning the aspect ratios of the magnets.
Assessing the Impact of the Foreign Economic Complex on the Economic Immunity of a Regional System
Authors: Shamova E. A. , Myslyakova Yu. G. 
Published: January 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to confirm the hypothesis that the type of economic immunity of a territory is determined by a specific concentration of activity of economic entities, with the foreign economic complex of the region playing an important role.Tasks. The authors expand the notion of economic immunity of a regional system and identify its influencing factors; develop a methodological approach to assessing the impact of the foreign economic complex on regional immunity; test the assessment methodology and formulate directions for improving the operation of the foreign economic complex in the context of transformations in the economic immunity of regional systems.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the concept of regional economic immunity and substantiate the structure of the region’s foreign economic complex from the perspective of its interaction with certain economic processes occurring in the regional system. Regression models serve as the basis of the methodological approach to assessing the degree of influence of the foreign economic complex on the formation of regional economic immunity.Results. The proposed original methodology is tested by analyzing data for 2012-2018 on the development of 59 constituent entities of the Russian Federation that are industrial regions and have foreign economic relations. The performance of the regional foreign economic complex and its correlation with the region’s development indicators are determined. Three main types of economic immunity of regional systems (extractive, inclusive, and mixed) are identified, forming under the influence of the foreign economic complex, and the examined regions are grouped by types of economic immunity.Conclusions. Based on the determined characteristic differences in the formation of the types of regional economic immunity, and with the inclusive type being the most effective option for diversifying exports, creating new jobs, and improving the population’s quality of life as a whole, the necessity of incentives in the transition of regional economies towards the formation of this type of immunity is substantiated. This makes it possible to identify three main scenarios of transition towards the inclusive type of regional economic immunity: the first scenario involves the transformation of the extractive type of immunity into mixed, allowing for a smoother transition towards the desired type and for the establishment or reformation of existing institutions in the territory; the second scenario involves the transformation of the mixed type of immunity into inclusive by diversifying the economy and exports; the third scenario is premised on enhancing the inclusiveness of immunity by expanding exports of high-tech products.
Stages and Algorithm for Assessing the Intellectual Capital of an Innovative Industrial Cluster
Authors: Glukhov V. V. , Babkin A. V. , Alekseeva N. S. 
Published: January 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to identify stages and propose an algorithm for assessing the intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster.Tasks. The authors classify the types of intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster; propose the structure of the intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster; develop the stages for assessing the intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster and an algorithm for assessing the intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster.Methods. This study uses a combination of general scientific and natural scientific methods of cognition: observation, generalization, abstraction, and the graphical approach. These methods are used to consistently solve the tasks of the study.Results. During the analysis of the types of intellectual capital of innovative industrial clusters, the authors classify them according to three criteria: carrier, involvement in the processes of the innovative industrial cluster, and the type of existence. The proposed classification allows the authors to develop the structure of intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster, which is presented in the form of four levels characterized by compressibility. The authors develop and describe the stages of assessing the intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster and propose an algorithm for its assessment consisting of three stages: preparatory, main, and final.Conclusions. The study describes stages and an algorithm for assessing the intellectual capital of an innovative industrial cluster, which can be used to manage intellectual capital in order to increase its value and develop an innovative industrial cluster.
Socio-Economic Aspects of Digital Transformation of Higher Education
Authors: Dmitriev V. Ya. 
Published: January 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to assess the socio-economic aspects of higher education transformation based on the widespread use of digital technologies.Tasks. The author describes the essence of digital inequality (digital divide), determines the place and role of teachers and students in the transformation of education driven by digital technologies, and highlights the specific features of virtual reality.Methods. This study uses the methods of the systems approach, comparative and structural analysis, analytical and theoretical generalization.Results. The author outlines the concept of a new paradigm of education based on the widespread use of digital technologies and transformed roles of teachers and students.Conclusions. Digitalization of education has made it possible to form an individual educational trajectory based on different forms of presentation of educational content and its communication from the teacher to the student, including using such technologies as virtual reality and artificial intelligence.
The Influence of Good University Governance and Intellectual Capital on University Performance in Indonesia
Authors: Yudianto Ivan , Mulyani Sri , Fahmi Mohamad , Winarningsih Srihadi 
Published: January 2021

University has the main task to develop science and technology to increase Indonesian competitiveness in the world. Researchers conduct the study based on the condition that the university governance and intellectual capital are not optimal to help achieve the expected performance at universities in Indonesia. The study aims to examine the influence of the Good University Governance and Intellectual Capital toward Performance in State-Owned Universities-Legal Entity (SU-LE) and State-Owned Universities-Public Service Agency (SU-PSA) in Indonesia. Researchers use quantitative methods and questionnaire instruments to collect data. The study concludes that good university governance and intellectual capital each positively and significantly influence SU-LE and SU-PSA performance in Indonesia. Moreover, good university governance has a positive and significant influence on the intellectual capital of SU-LE and SU-PSA in Indonesia.

Received: 26 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Support of Socialist Countries during Vietnam War: Training Officers of Soviet Union for Vietnam, 1954-1975
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Duy , Sang Nguyen Van 
Published: January 2021

The victory of the Vietnamese people in the war is inseparable from the great support of the international community and the peacekeeping force worldwide. Not only receiving material support, but more importantly, Vietnam also received the support on intellectual resources from international friends through the training of officers in all fields. The Soviet Union's role as the leader of the socialist bloc held the most important position in that immense help. Based on archived sources that are diplomatic documents between the two countries, as well as the latest research achievements, the article analyzes the support of The Soviet Union for Vietnam in the field of officer training in many aspects. The results confirm the great contributions of The Soviet Union to the Vietnam war against the United States to build and protect the independence of Vietnamese people, and at the same time contribute to explain the effects of the “Soviet model” in Vietnam in the past as well as nowadays.

Received: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Translating Conceptual Qur’anic Metaphor: A Cogno-Translational Approach
Authors: Al-Sowaidi Belqes , Mohammed Tawffeek , Banda Felix 
Published: January 2021

This study will investigate metaphor translation as a natural phenomenon. It will analyze some of the problems involving the translation of metaphorical expressions in two Qur’anic translations, namely, Yusuf Ali's The Holy Qur’an: Text, Translation and Commentary and Laleh Mehree Bakhtiar's The Sublime Qur’an. The analysis in this study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as a cognitive framework of metaphor, which helps conciliate the cultural specificity of metaphors and their transference into linguistically and culturally unrelated languages. The present analysis is based on Mandelblit’s Cognitive Translation Hypothesizes (CTH) (Mandelblit (1995), Maalej’s strategies of translating metaphor (Maalej, 2002, 2008) and Kövecses’s concept of Cultural Variation (Kövecses, 2002,2006). This kind of eclecticism provides a wide-ranging approach to be followed while analyzing the translation of Qur'anic metaphors. The approach used in this study does not only deal with the linguistic aspects of Qur'anic metaphors, but also pays attention to their conceptual and cultural aspects. Cross-cultural variation can affect the outcome of translating metaphorical expressions. Thus, the translator is obliged to adopt certain strategies to preserve the subtle nuances of the original Arabic text and its socio-cultural context, while at the same time ensuring that the translation is accessible to the target audience. This study concludes that most of the conceptual metaphors under scrutiny have been literally translated into English, which is frequently inaccurate. English and Arabic often diverge in their conceptualization in general texts, but especially in sensitive texts like the Qur'an. Therefore, the conceptualizations of some Qur'anic metaphors are often lost in translation.

Received: 19 July 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020/ Published: 17 January 2021
The place of Digital Nativity and Digital Immigration on Internet Accessibility and Usage by Students and Lecturers of Tertiary Institutions of Learning in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ufuophu-Biri Emmanuel , Ijeh Patrick Nkemdilim 
Published: January 2021

There is a scholarly divide on the propriety of the notion of digital nativity and digital immigration. In contrast, one side of the range postulates that digital nativity and digital migration influence adoption of digital technologies, the other side contends that the concept is instead an unsubstantiated over-generalization. This study interrogates the role of digital nativity and digital immigration play in Internet usage by students and lecturers of tertiary institutions of learning in Delta State, Nigeria. We adopted the Technology Acceptance Model, which explains factors that motivate people to accept and use a particular technology. We used a questionnaire to gather data from 1,200 respondents and analyze the data using descriptive and inferential statistics. We found the students and lecturers had sufficient Internet access, and there is no significant differential in their access to the Internet. However, there is a substantial difference in their frequency of using the Internet as the students tended to use the Internet more frequently than the lecturers do. Also, there are significant differences in the pattern of students' and lecturers' Internet usage. We recommend that lecturers and students should increase their accessibility to the Internet, and lecturers should increase their frequency of Internet usage.

Received: 8 November 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
The Impact of Client Size and Financial Performance on Audit Opinion: Evidence from a Developing Market
Authors: Diab Ahmed A. , Abdelazim Samir I. , Eissa Aref M. , Abozaid Eid Mahmoud , Elshaabany Mona Mohamed 
Published: January 2021

This research investigates the effect of audit client size and its financial performance on audit opinion in the Egyptian audit market. A few studies have investigated the association between these factors in the audit context, especially in African developing countries. Data are manually collected from the annual financial reports of firms registered in the Egyptian Stock Market, focusing on a sample of EGX 70 from 2012 to 2016, and binary logistic regression is used in data analysis. We found that the company size is insignificantly, positively, related to a qualified, rather than an unqualified, type of audit opinion. In contrast, the client's financial performance has a significant but negative relationship with the qualified type of audit opinion. This study provides insights for managers and investors in developing countries to understand and perceive audit opinions in these contexts.

Received: 31 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Role of Women in Preventing Radicalization and Violent Extremism that Leads to Terrorism in Albania
Authors: Poni Merita , Kambellari Evisa , Zeneli Merushe , Baci Rozana 
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to inform the reader about the role of women in countering violent extremism and radicalization leading to terrorism (VERLT). Women’s role represents a growing interest for policy makers in addressing the rising concern for youth engagement in violent extremism. The study applies a gender perspective to analyzing the role of women in preventing and countering radicalization and violent extremism. In depth interviews were conducted with thirty-one women to reveal their opinions, attitudes and experiences with prevention of VERLT. The study covers three regions: Tirana, Elbasan and Pogradec, which are identified as hot spots for violent extremism. The study has found that women have a crucial role in preventing and countering violent extremism, given their access in family and community. Women’s role is especially relevant in keeping young people safe from extremists’ radicalization attempts. Women civic engagement increases community resilience against violent narratives and contributes to peace perseverance. Women front-line activism is primordial for countering extremism that leads to terrorism.

Received: 8 October 2020 / Accepted: 11 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Evaluation of Visitor Management and its Impact on Visitor Experience and Satisfaction at Archaeological Sites in Jordan (Case Study: Jerash)
Authors: Qaddhat Ranea Mohammed , Fayed Hanaa Abedlkader , Wafik Ghada Mohamed 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to assess visitor management at the Jerash archaeological site in Jordan. It also sheds light on their approaches in guiding and managing visitors at the site, and to discover the effectiveness of adopting indirect approaches (soft strategies) by comparison to using direct approaches (hard strategies). This study examines the effects of visitor management practices on the level of experience quality for visitors, as well as on their satisfaction. The primary data has been obtained from various tools, mainly a survey questionnaire. The study has used descriptive analysis and linear regression. Moreover, the researcher has used site observation to assists in supporting, or refuting, the findings. The study has revealed an effect of visitor management on the visitor quality of experience and visitor satisfaction. The study has come up with many recommendations that will improve the effectiveness of visitor management at the Jerash site.

Received: 9 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Using Media for Voting Decision among First-time Voter College Students in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Intyaswati Drina , Maryani Eni , Sugiana Dadang , Venus Anter 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to highlights the interactive effect between two different media in making voting decisions. Interaction between traditional and social media as the primary knowledge outlets adopted by students in decision making becomes the focus of the research. The study was conducted with the social context of the 2019 Indonesian General Election. The survey method used data from 1066 first-time voter college students at six public colleges in West Java, Indonesia. The results showed that social media that interact with television, radio, and newspapers significantly influenced voting decisions. The growing trend in online political talks significantly influenced the voting decision. It is worth noticing that the influence of the interaction used between social media and newspapers on voting decisions had a negative impact, thereby signifying that there was a decrease in the opportunity to vote using social media. This study shows the importance of interaction between social media as the primary political information source and traditional media to complement students' decision-making.

Received: 28 October 2020 / Accepted: 11 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Decaying Orbit of the Hot Jupiter WASP-12b: Confirmation with TESS Observations
Authors: Turner Jake D. , Ridden-Harper Andrew , Jayawardhana Ray 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Theory suggests that the orbits of some close-in giant planets should decay due to tidal interactions with their host stars. To date, WASP-12b is the only hot Jupiter reported to have a decaying orbit, at a rate of 29 ± 2 ms yr−1. We analyzed data from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to verify that WASP-12b’s orbit is indeed changing. We find that the TESS transit and occultation data are consistent with a decaying orbit with an updated period of 1.091420090 ± 0.000000041 days and a decay rate of 32.53 ± 1.62 ms yr−1. We find an orbital decay timescale of

. If the observed decay results from tidal dissipation, the modified tidal quality factor is

, which falls at the lower end of values derived for binary star systems and hot Jupiters. Our result highlights the power of space-based photometry for investigating the orbital evolution of short-period exoplanets.
Imaging Spectroscopy of CME-associated Solar Radio Bursts using OVRO-LWA
Authors: Chhabra Sherry , Gary Dale E. , Hallinan Gregg , Anderson Marin M. , Chen Bin , Greenhill Lincoln J. , Price Danny C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present the first results of a solar radio event observed with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Long Wavelength Array at metric wavelengths. We examine a complex event consisting of multiple radio sources/bursts associated with a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) and an M2.1 GOES soft X-ray flare from 2015 September 20. Images of 9 s cadence are used to analyze the event over a 120 minute period, and solar emission is observed out to a distance of ≈3.5 R
⊙, with an instantaneous bandwidth covering 22 MHz within the frequency range of 40–70 MHz. We present our results from the investigation of the radio event, focusing particularly on one burst source that exhibits outward motion, which we classify as a moving type IV burst. We image the event at multiple frequencies and use the source centroids to obtain the velocity for the outward motion. Spatial and temporal comparison with observations of the CME in white light from the C2 coronagraph of the Large Angle and Spectrometric COronagraph, indicates an association of the outward motion with the core of the CME. By performing graduated-cylindrical-shell reconstruction of the CME, we constrain the density in the volume. The electron plasma frequency obtained from the density estimates do not allow us to completely dismiss plasma emission as the underlying mechanism. However, based on source height and smoothness of the emission in frequency and time, we argue that gyrosynchrotron is the more plausible mechanism. We use gyrosynchrotron spectral-fitting techniques to estimate the evolving physical conditions during the outward motion of this burst source.