bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragmentation model for tensile behavior of intermingled hybrid composites and optimal mixing ratio
Authors: Vanegas- Jaramillo Juan David , Cruz-Riaño Luis Javier , Patiño-Arcila Iván David 
Published: April 2021

A numerical fragmentation model is proposed to predict the mechanical response of intermingled, unidirectional hybrid composites under tensile loads. The model is based on a previously developed for unidirectional composites considering the critical number of fiber breaks and the correction of the fiber-matrix interfacial strength. Hybrids comprising two reinforcements are considered, and the energetic contribution of reinforcements is evaluated during the damage process. Additionally, the pseudo-ductile strain, yield strength, and the level of degradation of each reinforcement are estimated. The present model is compared with a progressive failure model and micromechanical finite element simulations, obtaining some similarities in the stress-strain behavior. Results show that both low elongation and high elongation fiber sub-composite experience a linear tensile response where fibers remain intact (IF), and fragmentation (FM) where breaking appears. The sliding/separation phenomenon (SS) occurs in one of the sub-composites when crack saturation is obtained, and failure occurs when the other one undergoes the crack saturation. Results also show that the IF, FM, and SS phenomena are conditioned by the fiber mixing ratio, α. The model allows estimating the optimal value of α for which the highest pseudo-ductile strain and hybrid effect are reached.
Estimation of Radiation Risk on Public Around Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital Campus, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Shuhan Abdullah Al , Rahman Mohammad Sohelur , Yeasmin Selina , Sikder Md. Kabir Uddin 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Ionizing radiation is widely used in the hospital for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures to patients and its usage increasing day by day. The aim of the study is to monitor the real-time radiation around the Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College (ShSMC) hospital campus and estimation of radiation risk on public.
Method: The real-time radiation monitoring around the ShSMC hospital was performed using digital portable radiation monitoring device (DPRMD). The DPRMD meets all European CE standards and the American “FCC 15 standard”. The DPRMD was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data collection time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. Each MP was marked out using Garmin eTrex GPS device. 32 MPs were chosen for collection of the real-time radiation dose rates around the ShSMC hospital campus in October 2020.
Results: The real-time radiation dose rates around the ShSMC hospital campus were ranged from 0.37-3.39 µSv/hr with an average of 1.537 ± 0.359 µSv/hr. The annual effective dose on public were ranged from 1.326 ± 0.551 mSv to 4.902 ± 0.705 mSv with an average of 2.694 ± 0.629 mSv. The excess life-time cancer risk (ELCR) on public health was estimated based on the annual effective dose that ranged from 5.277×10ˆ-3 to 19.503×10ˆ-3 with an average value of 10.72×10ˆ-3 around the ShSMC hospital campus.
Conclusion: Real-time radiation monitoring facilitates to ensure the safety of the radiation workers and the public from undue radiation hazard. The study also gives instant information of improper operation of radiation generating equipments and improper handling of radioactive substances in the hospital.
A prospective study on the role of epidural steroidal injections in backache with radiculopathy
Authors: Gupta Akhil , Choudhary Nitin , Malik Fareed Hussain 
Published: April 2021

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Low backache (LBA) with lumbosacral radiculopathy is the most challenging musculoskeletal problem for its therapeutic management and cause of LBA with radiculopathy is a prolapsed disc. Epidural steroidal injection (ESI) are used in the management of the patients with sub-acute or chronic LBA with radiculopathy, not responding to conservative treatment. The most common cause being, lumbar disc disease, is confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging having high sensitivity and specificity. The aim of study was to check the efficacy of ESI in patients of sub-acute or chronic low backache with radiculopathy due to herniated disc.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted over 200 patients reporting our OPD during Dec 2017- Feb 2018 with complaints of LBA with radiculopathy, not responding to conservative treatment. Maximum of 3 ESI were given with two weeks of interval in between. The patients were assessed using VAS scoring system.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> 77.5% patients got improvement in symptoms, according to the VAS scores, while 22.5% patients got very little relief or no relief at all. 53.5% patients got significant improvement with the first dose of injection itself. Patients had a good relief from radicular pain immediately; however, sense of satisfaction of well-being was only after few months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Though results supported the relative benefit of epidural steroid, however conservative management should also be recommended as initial treatment. ESI procedure is effective in treating patients of sub-acute LBA with radiculopathy and is recommended before a patient is considered for surgery.</p>
Dodatek kwartalny
Authors: Uryszek Tomasz , Gądek Artur , Witczak Radosław , Bogus Andrzej 
Published: April 2021

"Strukturalna (nie)równowaga sektora finansów publicznych w Polsce"
"Sytuacja gospodarcza w Polsce po czwartym kwartale 2015 r."
"Zmiany w świecie podatków na rok 2016"
"Znaczenie badań zasobności gospodarstw domowych w alokacji kredytów detalicznych"
De hibridismo e metáfora
Authors: Alves Mariana Faiad Batista 
Published: April 2021

Buscaremos, neste ensaio, apresentar propostas teóricas possíveis para pensar uma situação inusitada e particular em que se encontram muitos indianos atualmente. Partiremos de experiências concretas, frutos de um estranhamento que beira a perplexidade, para mostrar a dificuldade real em compreender o que se entende por modernidade na Índia. Seguimos com uma revisão bibliográfica de autores os quais acreditamos que estão na busca por compreender uma realidade que necessita de pressupostos teóricos cujo escopo seja capaz de abarcar uma cultura milenar forte e persistente em contato direto com a globalização. Para isso, traremos a discussão textos de Homi Bhabha e parte da obra de Salman Rushdie.
Cultural nationalism, interdisciplinary methodological proposals
Authors: Giori Pablo 
Published: April 2021

Vivimos el siglo del nacionalismo y, paradójicamente, el del individualismo. El pensamiento sobre la colectividad y sobre el sujeto invade las reflexiones de las ciencias sociales de los últimos 100 años, principalmente luego del boom del psicoanálisis y del marxismo. Metodológicamente, la necesidad de que las ciencias sociales sean consideradas ciencias, en comparación con las ciencias naturales y su Método, ha generado una imposibilidad de pensar la realidad por fuera de sus aspectos racionales. La propuesta de
este artículo es la de pensar el nacionalismo cívico, desde las experiencias de Cataluña y del Quebec, para hacer una propuesta teórico-metodológica que, en el cruce entre sociología, antropología, ciencias políticas e historia, nos permita pensar este fenómeno tan actual de una manera más profunda. El nacionalismo no es únicamente desarrollado por las instituciones políticas, sino que es, principalmente, una experiencia cotidiana, una forma de hacer y de pensar nuestra identidad: la nación se piensa, pero principalmente se vive, se baila, se siente.
Não tem arrego! Vocês tiram os nossos direitos e nós tiramos o seu sossego!
Authors: Gonçalves Isabela 
Published: April 2021

Nesse artigo analisou-se o processo de sucateamento realizado através de uma política neoliberal do Estado, o que originou o levante secundarista no país, além de despertar o debate sobre o modelo de educação que o Estado oferece.
A greve das universidades federais e os desafios de mobilização na pós-graduação
Authors: Campos João Pedro Lima 
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo apresento um relato crítico sobre a greve de estudantes, docentes e trabalhadores da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) no ano de 2015 a partir da discussão sobre os desafios de mobilização na pós-graduação. Essa greve aconteceu no marco dos primeiros cortes orçamentários realizados ainda no início do segundo mandato da presidenta Dilma Rousseff, que afetou o equilíbrio financeiro das reitorias, resultando em atraso no pagamento de salários e bolsas. Para entendermos através de que mecanismos a redução do repasse impacta a universidade federal, analisamos a relação existente entre a greve de 2015 e o processo de desmonte do programa de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais (REUNI), razão medular para a organização da luta política relatada. Apresento também as lições aprendidas em um cenário de severos ataques à universidade pública a fim de apontar soluções para o problema da organização dos alunos de pós-graduação, que historicamente não conseguem se articular em defesa dos próprios interesses.
Perioperative Management of Sectio Caesarea Surgery in Patient With Heart Valve Disorders
Authors: Purwoko Purwoko , Athir Zidni Afrokhul 
Published: April 2021

<div class="WordSection1"><p>Cardiovascular disease in pregnancy is common range from 1% to 3 and contributes to 10-15% of maternal mortality. Valvular heart disease accounts for about 25% of cases of cardiac complications in pregnancy and important cause of maternal mortality, some of which are mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Cesarean delivery remains the preferred choice, as it reduces the hemodynamic changes that can occur in normal delivery and allows for better monitoring and hemodynamic management. Our paper provide in-depth information regarding the pathophysiology of heart valve disease in pregnant women and an appropriate perianesthesia approach to obtain a good prognosis. We report a case of a 26-year-old pregnant woman, with obstetric status G1P0A0, 36 weeks’ gestation, body weight 61 kg accompanied by severe mitral regurgitation and moderate mitral stenosis. This patient was planned to undergo elective cesarean section. The patient's condition in the perioperative examination was: GCS E4V5M6, other vital signs within normal limits, SpO2 98-99% in supine position. Other physical and laboratory examinations were also within normal limits. The goal of anesthesia during surgery in patients with heart valve disease undergoing cesarean section maintain pulmonary capillary pressure to prevent acute pulmonary edema. In this case, regional anesthesia of epidural anesthesia was chosen because it can reduce systemic vascular resistance and provide better post-cesarean section pain. The patient's hemodynamics perianesthesia tended to be stable without any complications such as pulmonary edema.</p><p> </p><p> </p></div><br clear="all" /> <br /><p> </p>
Time Between 3 and 2 Ga: Transitional Events in the Earth’s History
Authors: Yarmolyuk V.V. , Kuzmin M.I. , Donskaya T.V. , Gladkochub D.P. , Kotov A.B. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
—The time span between 3 and 2 Ga in the geologic history encompassed a number of key events on the cooling Earth. The cooling interrupted heat transfer within and across the mantle, which caused changes in Earth’s major spheres and in the mechanisms of their interaction. The great thermal divergence at 2.5 Ga and differentiation into the depleted upper asthenospheric and primitive lower mantle affected the compositions of oceanic basalts. The lower mantle cooling recorded by a systematic decrease in the temperature of komatiite magma generation at the respective depths began at 2.5 Ga and was accompanied by increasing abundance of arc basalts and by changes in the behavior of the Sr, Nd, and O isotope systems. It was the time when the continental lithosphere consisting of subcontinental lithospheric mantle and crust began its rapid growth, while the crust became enriched in felsic material with high contents of lithophile elements. Magmatism of the 3–2 Ga time span acquired more diverse major-element chemistry, with calc-alkaline and alkaline lithologies like carbonatite and kimberlite. The dramatic changes were driven by subduction processes, whereby the crust became recycled in the mantle and the double layer (D”) formed at the core–mantle boundary. The events of the 3–2 Ga interval created prerequisites for redox changes on the surface and release of free oxygen into the atmosphere. In terms of global geodynamics, it was transition from stagnantlid tectonics to plate tectonic regime, which approached the present-day style about 2.0–1.8 Ga.
First Results and Prospects of a New Approach to the Study of Active Geologic Processes by Space and Ground Instrumental Measurements (by the Example of Kamchatka and the Central Asian Orogenic Belt)
Authors: Dobretsov N.L. , Buslov M.M. , Vasilevskiy A.N. , Zhmodik S.M. , Kotlyarov A.V. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
––The use of satellite-geological information permits generalization of studies of various active geologic processes in a new way. As reference examples, we consider geologic regions extensively covered by research with our contribution. The joint use of satellite images, maps of gravity anomalies, and seismic-tomography data for Kamchatka made it possible to construct 3D models of surficial and deep-seated (depths from 10–50 to 650 km) volcanic structures. For young volcanosedimentary structures of Kamchatka, it is possible to trace the interaction of various processes, from crystallization of magmas in magma chambers to ore and oil formation in calderas. Ancient tectonic structures and superposed Cenozoic deformations in the Tien Shan, Altai, and Baikal regions are clearly displayed in satellite images and on maps of gravity anomalies. The long-range impact of the Indo-Eurasian collision on the Tien Shan, Altai, and Baikal regions was expressed as shearing, which resulted in the most contrasting structures in the zones of junction of regional faults and along the framing of cratonal structures. The active structures of Gorny Altai contain numerous travertines, whose abundance is correlated with seismic activity. The mass formation of methane and gas hydrates in Lake Baikal might be related to mantle plume fluids.
Research on adjustable correlated color temperature COB-LED light source based on flip chips and screen printing technology
Authors: Zhang Rongrong , Wen Zuojie , Li Bingqian , Liang Shenghua , Yang Mingde , Xia Zhenghao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Using the characteristic of flip light emitting diode (LED) chips without front-side welding wires, before applying fluorescent glue throughout the luminous surface, a part of the chips are directionally and quantitatively coated fluorescent glue by screen printing process, a chip on board (COB) white LED light source is developed with adjustable correlated color temperature (CCT). A part of the blue LED chips in the light source excites the fluorescent glue to produce a warm white light (CCT = 2631K), and the other part produces cool white light (CCT = 6181K). When changing the driving current ratio of the two parts of the chips, the CCT of COB LED light source can be continuously adjusted between warm and cool white light. According to the measured data, the relationship between the CCT and the driving current ratio of the two parts is obtained by fitting. Within the adjustable range of the CCT (2631 K to 6181 K), the color rendering index (CRI) is about 90. The minimum is 89.3 and the maximum is 93.1. While achieving adjustable CCT and high CRI, the LED light source has a luminous flux of 1938.76 lm on a circular surface with a diameter of 11 mm. The overall luminous efficiency is close to 100 lm/W.
Within and between classroom transmission patterns of seasonal influenza and implications for pandemic management strategies at schools
Authors: Endo Akira ,   CMMID COVID-19 Working Group, Uchida Mitsuo , Liu Yang , Atkins Katherine , Kucharski Adam , Funk Sebastian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Schools can play a central role in driving infectious disease transmission. Strategies for safe operation of schools during pandemics therefore need to carefully consider both the efficiency of measures for infection control and the impact on children through lost face-to face schooling time. Heterogeneous social contact patterns associated with the social structures of schools (i.e. classes/grades) are likely to influence the within-school transmission dynamics; however, empirical evidence on the fine-scale transmission patterns between students has been limited. Using a mathematical model, we analysed a large-scale dataset of seasonal influenza outbreaks in Matsumoto city, Japan to infer social interactions within and between classes/grades from observed transmission patterns. The overall within-school reproduction number, which determines the initial growth of cases and the risk of sustained transmission, was only minimally associated with class sizes and the number of classes per grade. We then used these patterns in a model parameterised separately to COVID-19 and pandemic influenza, and simulated school outbreaks under multiple strategies for minimising the risk of within-school transmission. Simulations suggested that with such transmission patterns, interventions changing class structures (e.g. reduced class sizes) may not be effective in reducing the risk of major school outbreaks upon introduction of a case and that other precautionary measures (e.g. screening and isolation) need to be employed. Class-level closures in response to detection of a case were suggested to be effective in reducing the size of an outbreak when regular screening tests for students are not available.
Optomechanically induced transparency and possible application in a quadratic-coupling optomechanical system with an induced electric field
Authors: Yu Chunchao , Yang Wenxing , Chen Fang , Sun Lihui , Zhang Huafeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Tunable optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) with an induced electric field (IEF) in a quadratic-coupling optomechanical system is theoretically investigated. The system transmission rate under different controlling parameters has been discussed. It is revealed that both phase and group delay of the probe field can be adjusted by the IEF and pump field. Such a system may be used in tunable optical buffer, IEF detector, modulator or other optical devices.
The challenges in control COVID-19 in Injibera, Awi Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Amsalu Alemayehu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: In the globe, on April 2021, 130 million coronavirus cases, around 2.8 million were deaths, 102 million were recovered and 105.2 million were closed cases of COVID-19 reported. On April 2021, the world population were 7.9 billion of which United Nations estimates were 1.65% COVID-19 cases included the Ethiopia in report. The main objective of the study was identify the challenges of in control COVID-19.Methods: The cross-sectional study design was used November to February 2021 in Injibera from Ethiopia. The total 385 respondents using simple random sampling were interviewed. The chi-square test of association and ordinal logistic regression was applied to identify the effect of predictor variables on challenges in control COVID-19.Results: Out of 385 respondents 277(71.95%) were high challenges in control COVID-19 in Injibera. There was a significant relationship with social media and challenges of in control virus (p-value = 0.047). The variables considered social media, housing status and influence were significant relationship with challenges of in control virus (p-value < 5%). Facebook users were the responsible causes of challenges in control COVID-19 (p-value = 0.023). The more social media followed, decreased the occurrence of challenges in control virus. In addition, a unit increase rented, the challenges in control virus decreased by 0.60 times (p-value = 0.009).Conclusion: Winning against the coronavirus together with world couldn’t be a marathon. COVID-19 couldn’t be won without collective global and local effort. It would also need serious thinking, discipline and war against the only virus. COVID-19 war needs in control, the globe should be faced free, coordination and discover scientific methods together.
Impaired immune signaling and changes in the lung microbiome precede secondary bacterial pneumonia in COVID-19
Authors: Tsitsiklis Alexandra , Zha Beth , Byrne Ashley , DeVoe Catherine , Levan Sophia , Rackaityte Elze , Sunshine Sara , Mick Eran , Ghale Rajani , Jauregui Alejandra , Neff Norma , Sarma Aartik , Serpa Paula , Deiss Thomas , Kistler Amy , Carrillo Sidney , Ansel K. Mark , Leligdowicz Aleksandra , Christenson Stephanie , Jones Norman , Wu Bing , Darmanis Spyros , Matthay Michael , Lynch Susan , DeRisi Joseph , Consortium COMET , Hendrickson Carolyn , Kangelaris Kirsten , Krummel Matthew , Woodruff Prescott , Erle David , Rosenberg Oren , Calfee Carolyn , Langelier Charles 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Secondary bacterial infections, including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), lead to worse clinical outcomes and increased mortality following viral respiratory infections including in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Using a combination of tracheal aspirate bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) we assessed lower respiratory tract immune responses and microbiome dynamics in 28 COVID-19 patients, 15 of whom developed VAP, and eight critically ill uninfected controls. Two days before VAP onset we observed a transcriptional signature of bacterial infection. Two weeks prior to VAP onset, following intubation, we observed a striking impairment in immune signaling in COVID-19 patients who developed VAP. Longitudinal metatranscriptomic analysis revealed disruption of lung microbiome community composition in patients with VAP, providing a connection between dysregulated immune signaling and outgrowth of opportunistic pathogens. These findings suggest that COVID-19 patients who develop VAP have impaired antibacterial immune defense detectable weeks before secondary infection onset.
Exosome-associated mitochondrial DNA from patients with ME/CFS stimulates human cultured microglia to release IL-1β
Authors: Tsilioni Irene , Natelson Benjamin , Theoharides Theoharis C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease that presents with fatigue, sleep disturbances, malaise and cognitive problems. The pathogenesis of ME/CFS is presently unknown and serum levels of potential biomarkers have been inconsistent. Here we show that serum mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), associated with exosomes, is increased in ME/CFS only after exercise. Moreover, exosomes isolated from patients with ME/CFS stimulate significant release of IL-1β from cultured human microglia. These results provide evidence for a potential novel pathogenetic factor and target for treatment of ME/CFS.