bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the trends and determinants of credit and saving behavior of households in the Russian regions
Authors: Kadochnikova A. I. 
Published: December 2021

Objective: to identify the current trends and factors of credit and savings behavior of the Russian households.Methods: graphical method, logit model, probit model, maximum likelihood method.Results: the development of digital services, the acceleration of inflation and the increase in debt burden resulting from the pandemic have changed the model of economic behavior of households. The need to analyze credit and savings behavior has become more acute in order to empirically substantiate the measures of economic, legal and financial support of households by state institutions. The analysis showed an increase in the average loan amount and the proportion of families whose members took a loan; a decrease in the proportion of families who borrowed from individuals, lent money and made savings; a sharp increase in the variation of the amount of credit and savings in 2019; a decrease in the number of commodity loans and an increase in the number of consumer and mortgage loans. A positive effect of the number of people in the household, place of residence, income, availability of a computer, laptop and high-speed Internet access in the household on the probability of attracting credit funds was found; a negative influence of the number of people in the household and place of residence (village) on the probability of savings was confirmed; the impact of having a computer and high-speed Internet access on the probability of savings in the household was not found.Scientific novelty: the article uses data from the Russian Monitoring of the economic situation and public health of the HSE University for the period from 2010 to 2019 to identify the current trends and factors of credit and savings behavior of the Russian households.Practical significance: the main conclusions of the article can be used in scientific and practical activities in the development of financial literacy programs, policies and online products to motivate and encourage credit and savings behavior and attract investment.
Survival Rate of Cholangiocarcinoma, Hepatocellular Patients Received Cannabis Treatment
Authors: Phansila Narisara , Wongkongdech Ranee , Sittiwech Chaiyasit 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction:Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) incidence in Northeastern Thailand is very high, and a major cause of mortality CCA patients typically have a poor prognosis and short-term survival rate, due to late-stage diagnosis. . Thailand is , the first Southeast Asian country to approve medicinal cannabis treatment, especially for palliative care with advanced cancer patients..Patients and methods:A retrospectively cohort comparative study of , survival rates among 491 newly diagnosed advanced CCA patients was carried out between September 2019 and 30 July, 2021; (404 patients in a standard palliative care pain management treatment group (ST), and 87 in a medicinal cannabis treatment group (CT). CCA Patients were recruited from 4 tertiary hospitals and 2 secondary hospitals in five provinces of Northeast Thailand. The cumulative survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and independent prognostic factors were investigated using Cox regression.Results:For ST patients there was a total follow-up time of 790 person-months, with a , mortality rate of 48.35/ 100 person-years. For CT patients the total follow-up time was 476 person-months, with mortality rate of 10.9./ 100 person-years. The median survival time after registration at a palliative clinic was 0.83 months (95%CI: 0.71-0.95) for ST and 5.66 months (95%CI: 1.94-9.38) for CT None of the demographic factors were significantly associated with survival time for either ST or CT. Comparing ST with CT, there was a difference statistically significant in age, sex, cancer treatment and period of diagnosis with advanced CCA,HCC to registration factors (p-value<0.05)Conclusions:The medicinal cannabis group had an increase post CCA diagnosis survival rate.. Our findings support the importance of early access to palliative cannabis clinic before caner’s terminal and accelerating phase close to death.
Dataset-Based Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Taihu Lake Fish and Their Health Risk
Authors: Liu Xiaobo , Lin Congtian , Wu Yangyu , Huang Haining , Zhu Liting , Jiang Ru , Huang Qiansheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The ecological risks and health hazards of heavy metals pollution in Taihu Lake have received widespread concern. This study has developed a nationwide dataset on pollutant loads in species, and the dataset records 55,297 data from 310 articles, covering 778 species and 537 pollutants. In this paper, we extract and systematically integrate data on heavy metals concentrations in Taihu fish from the dataset. The Pi (single pollution index) and MPI (metal pollution index) models were used to assess the level of contamination in fish and the THQ (target hazard quotient) and ILCR (incremental lifetime cancer risk) models were used to assess the health hazards of fish consumption. The contamination levels varied in a feeding habit and living habit dependent manner. The risk of non-cancer health is the highest in omnivorous fish, then in carnivorous fish and herbivorous fish. ILCR model predicted that the values of As and Cd in omnivorous fish for children exceeded the risk threshold limits set by the EPA, and the ILCR values of As in omnivorous fish and Cd in carnivorous fish for adults also exceeded the risk threshold limits. In all, this study provided a comprehensive understanding of the risk of heavy metals in Taihu.
Encoder Hurwitz Integers: The Hurwitz integers that have the ”division with small remainder” property
Authors: Duran Ramazan , Güzeltepe Murat 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The residue class set of a Hurwitz integer is constructed by modulo function with primitive Hurwitz integer whose norm is a prime integer, i.e. prime Hurwitz integer. In this study, we consider primitive Hurwitz integer whose norm is both a prime integer and not a prime integer. If the norm of each element of the residue class set of a Hurwitz integer is less than the norm of the primitive Hurwitz integer used to construct the residue class set of the Hurwitz integer, then, the Euclid division algorithm works for this primitive Hurwitz integer. The Euclid division algorithm always works for prime Hurwitz integers. In other words, the prime Hurwitz integers and halves-integer primitive Hurwitz integers have the ”division with small remainder” property. However, this property is ignored in some studies that have a constructed Hurwitz residue class set that lies on primitive Hurwitz integers that their norms are not a prime integer and their components are in integers set. In this study, we solve this problem by defining Hurwitz integers that have the ”division with small remainder” property, namely, encoder Hurwitz integers set. Therefore, we can define appropriate metrics for codes over Lipschitz integers. Especially, Euclidean metric. Also, we investigate the performances of Hurwitz signal constellations (the left residue class set) obtained by modulo function with Hurwitz integers, which have the ”division with small remainder” property, over the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel by means of the constellation figure of merit (CFM), average energy, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Generation of nonlinearity in the electrical response of yeast suspensions
Authors: TAMURA Keita , MURAJI Masafumi , Tanaka Kenji , Shirafuji Tatsuru 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The mechanism through which nonlinearity is generated in the response waveform of the electric current obtained by applying alternating current voltage to yeast suspension has not yet been elucidated. In this paper, we showed that the response waveform depends on the applied voltage and frequency. The results showed that distortion (nonlinearity) in the waveform increases as the applied voltage increases and/or the frequency decreases. We suggest a model for the generation of nonlinearity based on the influx of potassium ions into the cell via potassium ion channels and transporters in the membrane due to the applied voltage. Furthermore, we validated this model by simulating an electrical circuit.
Comprehensive Spatio-temporal Benchmarking of Surface Water Quality of Hindon River, India– a Tributary of River Yamuna, India
Authors: Gupta Anand Kumar , Kumar Ambrish , Maurya Uma Kant , Singh Deepak , Islam Sadikul , Rathore Avinash Chandra , Kumar Parmanand , Singh Ravish , Madhu M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The quality of Hindon River, western Uttar Pradesh, India was benchmarked with 19 sampling sites by analysing seventeen water quality parameters and eight heavy metals for pre and post-monsoon seasons to assess the existing quality of water which is a milestone for preparing roadmap for its betterment. Indices associated with water quality and heavy metals were computed to scale the accurate state of risk associated to its use for drinking and irrigation. During the pre and post-monsoon seasons, only four and five sites were found having safe water quality index (WQI) values respectively. The average WQI (2015–2019) for pre and post-monsoon seasons ranged between 8.69–706.47 and 7.20–341.56 respectively. During pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons w.r.t. drinking purpose, heavy metal pollution index ranged between 0.76–4470.78 and 0–1425.31 respectively; heavy metal evaluation index ranged between 0.21–163.11 and 0.00–57.70 respectively; contamination evaluation index ranged between -7.79–155.11 and –8.00 to 49.70 respectively. During pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons w.r.t. irrigation purpose, heavy metal pollution index ranged between 0.82–1492.71and 0.00–300.06 respectively; heavy metal evaluation index ranged between 0.10–20.44and 0.00–5.66 respectively; contamination evaluation index ranged between -15.97–10.03and –17.00 to –6.08 respectively. The heavy metals were positively correlated where highest value observed between Cu and Mn (correlation coefficient value 0.95). For physico-chemical parameters, observed adj-R2 value ranged from 0.50 for pH to 0.98 for total hardness and calcium. PCA analysis achieves three principle components (PCs) for physico-chemical and three PCs for heavy metals that explained 88.67% and 89.68% variability of the original data set, respectively.
Challenges in Providing Health Care Services During COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploration of Providers’ Perspectives in Nepal.
Authors: Karkee Rajendra , Pyakurel Prajjwal , Paudel Deepak , Thapa Parineeta , Dhamala Jiba Nath , Pokharel Bishnu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
IntroductionThe rapid increase of COVID-19 cases since the beginning of May 2020, imposition of lockdown, and preparation activities to detect, manage and treat COVID-19 in public hospitals have impacted on the provision of non-COVID health care services resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in Nepal. This study aims to explore challenges in providing non-COVID as well as COVID-19 health care services through public hospitals in Eastern Nepal.MethodsA qualitative study with 25 key informants from three public hospitals in Eastern Nepal was conducted. Key informants were health care workers (HCWs) and managers of the hospitals. A thematic analysis was carried out to identify challenges in providing non-COVID and COVID-19 health care services.ResultsWe identified four themes: weak implementation; weak co-ordination and management; low accountability of HCWs and staff; and risk of infection and stigma as the challenges to provide COVID-19 health care services. We identified three themes: maintaining safety measures in hospitals, managing patients, and fear of infection as the challenges in provision of non-COVID health care services. Inadequate resources and HCWs, lengthy procurement process, and poor jobs specification were the main reasons for weak implementation. HCWs stated weak hospital administration while managers and focal persons complained of low accountability of HCWs and staff to manage COVID-19 health care services.ConclusionIn addition to inadequate resources; the risk of infection of COVID-19, maintaining safety measures in hospitals, ensuring clear leadership and governance, and preparing motivated and accountable HCWs and staff to get ‘work done’ are unique challenges observed in the study hospitals; and consequently need to be addressed.
Mixed-methods Process Evaluation of a Residence-based SARS-CoV-2 Testing Participation Pilot on a UK University Campus during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Blake Holly , Carlisle Sophie , Fothergill Lauren , Hassard Juliet , Favier Alex , Corner Jessica , Jonathan K Ball , Denning Chris 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRegular testing for SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an important strategy for controlling virus outbreaks on university campuses during the COVID-19 pandemic but testing participation rates can be low. The Residence-Based Testing Participation Pilot (RB-TPP) was a novel intervention implemented at two student residences on a large UK university campus over four weeks. The aim of the pilot was to increase the frequency of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 saliva testing onsite. This process evaluation aimed to determine whether RB-TPP was implemented as planned and identify implementation barriers and facilitators.MethodsA mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted alongside the RB-TPP. Evaluation participants were students (opting in, or out of RB-TPP) and staff with a role in service provision or student support. Monitoring data were collected from the intervention delivery team and meeting records. Data were collected from students via online survey (n=152) and seven focus groups (n=30), and from staff via individual interviews (n=13). Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and qualitative data thematically. Barriers and facilitators to implementation were mapped to the ‘Capability, Opportunity, Motivation–Behaviour’ (COM-B) behaviour change framework.Results464 students opted to participate in RB-TPP (98% of students living onsite). RB-TPP was implemented broadly as planned but was terminated early due to concerns relating to national escalation of the COVID-19 Delta variant. Most students (97.9%) perceived the relaxing of social distancing regulations within residences positively. The majority engaged in asymptomatic testing (88%); 46% (52% of testers) were fully compliant with pre-determined testing frequency. Implementation was facilitated by convenience and efficiency of testing, reduction in the risk of self-isolation and opportunities for students to socialise. Main barriers to implementation were mixed-messages about the rules, ambivalent attitudes, and lack of adherence to COVID-19 protective measures in the minority.ConclusionsThis process evaluation identifies factors that help or hinder the success of university residence-based outbreak prevention and management strategies. RB-TPP led to increased rates of COVID-19 testing participation among students in university residences. Perceived normalisation of university life significantly enhanced student mental wellbeing. The complexity and challenge generated by multiple lines of communication and rapid adaptions to a changing pandemic context was evident.Trial registration numberUKAS 307727-02-01; Pre-results. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05045989; post-results (first posted, 16/09/21).Ethical ApprovalFMHS 96-0920
Low-concentration Iron Promotes Klebsiella Pneumoniae Biofilm Formation by Suppressing Succinic Acid
Authors: Liu Kexin , Tan Shuang , Ye Weiyuan , Hou Limin , Fang Binghu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is widely distributed in water and plays a major role in both human and animal infections. Many K. pneumoniae strains form biofilms on various surfaces, enhancing their pathogenicity and resistance to antibiotics. New ways of inhibiting biofilm formation are needed. Iron is vital to the growth of microorganisms and the formation of biofilms due to its participation in various metabolic processes and its roles as an enzyme and protein cofactor. It is also present in groundwater. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of iron on K. pneumoniae biofilm formation and any associated metabolic changes.Results: Biofilm formation was enhanced to the greatest extent by the presence of 0.16 mM FeCl2, producing a denser structure under electron microscopy. The number of biofilm-forming and planktonic bacteria did not change, but protein and polysaccharide concentrations in the bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were significantly increased by iron supplementation. To clarify this mechanism, intracellular metabolomic analysis was carried out, showing that the differential, down-regulated metabolites included succinic acid. Addition of succinic acid counteracted the biofilm-forming effect of iron, with no bactericidal side effects.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of succinic acid and iron in Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms, and provides insight into the formation of K. pneumoniae biofilms and direction for the development of new antibacterial agents.
A Monetary Incentive DTN Routing For Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Lin Zhi , Wang Xia , Bie Rongfang , Shi Hongwei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The DTN (Delay/Interrupt Tolerant Network) protocol that relies on nodes to handle network interruptions is one of the important components of the wireless sensor network (WSN) routing protocol. However, due to resource consumption, nodes may be unable to unconditionally relay data. To address this issue, several incentive mechanisms have recently been proposed to encourage node participation. However, the existing solutions either do not fully consider the sender’s budget or do not consider the relay cost limitation, which violated the practical incentive mechanism requirements of the DTN protocol. In this paper, we focus on developing a new incentive mechanism for DTN routing that specifically address the challenges brought up by budget and relay cost limitation. Our core idea is to define the payoff functions of the sender and the next hops, then optimize the strategies under the constraints of the sender’s budget and the relay’s cost. Our experimental results demonstrate that the maximized social welfare for all participants can be realized under these constraints.
Berberine Inhibits Glioma Cell Migration and Invasion by Suppressing TGF-β1/COL11A1 Pathway and Enhances Chemosensitivity
Authors: Sun Yuxue , Huang Haiyan , Zhan Zhixin , Gao Haijun , Zhang Chaochao , Lai Jiacheng , Cao Junguo , Li Chaoyue , Chen Yong , Liu Ziqiang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The expression of collagen type XI alpha 1 chain (COL11A1) is up-regulated in many cancers, affecting the risk of metastasis, drug resistance, and poor prognosis. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid present in many traditional Chinese medicines and it has been shown to reduce collagen accumulation in pulmonary fibrosis, diabetic nephropathy and arthritis. However, its effect on COL11A1 in glioma needs to be further elucidated.Methods: Western blot was performed to detect the expression level of COL11A1 in several glioma cells, and siCOL11A1 was performed to investigate the effect of COL11A1 on the migration and invasion ability of glioma cells. CCK-8, wound healing experiment and transwell experiment were performed to detect the effect of berberine on the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells. The xenografts experiment in nude mice was performed to test the effect of berberine on inhibiting glioma in vivo.Results: Our results showed that COL11A1 is highly expressed in glioma cell lines and associated with migration, invasion, and chemoresistance of glioma cells. Knocking down COL11A1 caused decreased expression of MMPs, Snail, and MGMT. Berberine could inhibit the migration and invasion of glioma cells by suppressing the TGF-β1/COL11A1 pathway and changes actin cytoskeleton arrangement. In addition, berberine increased the chemosensitivity of glioma cells to temozolomide, which may be related to the down-regulation of Snail and MGMT proteins caused by berberine. High-throughput sequencing of xenografts in nude mice also showed that berberine inhibited the expression of COL11A1 in vivo.Conclusions: Our results suggest that berberine that targets COL11A1 to inhibit glioma migration, invasion and chemoresistance, may serve as a promising candidate for the development of anti-glioma drugs in the future.
Quality of Life and its associated factors amongst Patients with Brain Tumors at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zahid Nida , Martins Russell Seth , Zahid Wajeeha , Azam Iqbal , Hassan Aneesa , Ahmad Khabir , Bhamani Shireen Shehzad , Jabbar Adnan Abdul , Asad Nargis , Shamim Muhammad Shahzad , Khan Rashid Jooma , Javed Gohar , Bari Ehsan , Enam Syed Ather 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
IntroductionDespite quality of life (QoL) being recognized as an important outcome in neuro-oncology, there is a lack of research from Pakistan where sociocultural differences may influence QoL. This study aimed to measure the QoL in patients with primary brain tumors (PBTs), and assess its association with mental health outcomes, resilience, and social support.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among primary brain tumor patients. QoL was measured using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire. Resilience was assessed by Wagnild and Young's Resilience Scale, mental health outcomes using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and social support using the Enriched Social Support Instrument.ResultsOur study included a total of 250 patients, with median age of 42 years (range 33-54 years). The mean global QoL of the sample was 75.73 ± 14.9. On multivariable linear regression, global QoL was inversely associated with no or low income, having hypertension (-5.77), currently using a urine catheter (-15.33), having low social support (-28.16) suffering from mild (-9.88) or symptomatic (-17.59) depression, or mild anxiety (-7.11), while resilience (0.28) demonstrated a significant positive association. Conclusion The quality of life of patients with primary brain tumors in Pakistan is a function of clinical factors such as comorbid disease and use of a urinary catheter, social factors such a family income and social support, and psychological factors such as mental illness and resilience. Our findings may be of use in the development of QoL-improving interventions within the sociocultural setting of Pakistan.