bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking Evangelical Subculture and Phallically Insecure Masculinity Using Google Searches for Male Enhancement
Authors: Perry Samuel L. , Whitehead Andrew L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNumerous studies document the connection between American evangelicalism and male insecurity stemming from essentialist, phallocentric conceptions of masculinity. Yet data have often been confined to individuals’ responses in surveys or qualitative interviews. This limits our understanding because individuals may lie about the most personal sources of insecurity (even to themselves) and such data are difficult to aggregate to broader subcultural influences. Building on a moral communities’ framework, in this research note we analyze Google Trends data and focus on the prevalence of explicit searches for “male enhancement” terms and phrases, simultaneously indicating (1) the internalization of a subculture that prioritizes essentialist, phallocentric standards of masculinity and (2) a privately felt failure to meet those standards. Even after accounting for a host of state‐level confounds, the preponderance of evangelicals in a state consistently predicts more Google searches for terms and phrases like “male enhancement,” “ExtenZe,” “penis pump,” “penis enlargement,” and others. We theorize that the largely patriarchal―and increasingly embattled and radicalized―evangelical subculture explicitly or implicitly promotes equating masculinity with physical strength and size, leaving men influenced by that subculture (whether evangelical or not) to seek solutions for their privately felt failure to measure up.
Comparison of C‐reactive protein concentrations in dogs with Bordetella bronchiseptica infection and aspiration bronchopneumonia
Authors: Canonne Aude Morgane , Menard Maud , Maurey Christelle , Benchrekroun Ghita , Fernandes Rodrigues Nina , Billen Frédéric , Clercx Cecile 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundC‐reactive protein (CRP) is a well‐known acute‐phase protein in dogs that may discriminate bacterial bronchopneumonia from other pulmonary conditions. Bronchopneumonia caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) is common but the associated increase in CRP concentration in naturally infected dogs has not been fully explored.ObjectiveTo compare CRP concentrations of dogs with Bb infection, with or without radiographic pulmonary lesions, to dogs with aspiration bronchopneumonia (ABP).AnimalsSixteen dogs with Bb infection and 36 dogs with ABP.MethodsRetrospective study. C‐reactive protein concentrations and thoracic radiographs were available for each dog.ResultsEleven dogs with Bb infection had alveolar lesions. In all dogs, CRP concentration was mildly increased (14‐38 mg/L). In the 5 dogs without alveolar lesions, CRP concentration was within the reference range in all but 1 dog, in which it was slightly increased. Median CRP concentration was significantly higher in dogs with alveolar lesions (20 mg/L) compared with dogs without alveolar lesions (5 mg/L; p < .002). In dogs with Bb infection, median duration of clinical signs was not different between dogs with normal CRP concentration and dogs with increased concentration. In dogs with Bb infection either with or without alveolar lessions, median CRP concentration was significantly lower (20 mg/L) than in dogs with ABP (118 mg/L; p < .001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIn contrast to dogs with APB, CRP was not a good marker for the diagnosis of dogs suspected to have bordetellosis. Confirmation of Bb infection still requires lower airway sampling.
Application of α2‐adrenergic agonists combined with anesthetics and their implication in pulmonary intravascular macrophages‐insulted pulmonary edema and hypoxemia in ruminants
Authors: Abouelfetouh Mahmoud M. , Salah Eman , Ding Mingxing , Ding Yi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlpha2‐adrenergic agonists have been implicated in the development of pulmonary edema (PE) and sustained hypoxemia that lead to life‐threatening pulmonary distress in ruminants, especially with sensitive and compromised animals. Recently, there is limited understanding of exact mechanism underlying pulmonary alterations associated with α2‐adrenergic agonist administration. Ruminants have a rich population of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) in the pulmonary circulation, which may be involved in the development of pulmonary alveolo‐capillary barrier damage. Hence, the central thesis of this review is overviewing the literatures regarding the systemic use of α2‐adrenergic agonists in domestic ruminants, focusing on their pulmonary side effects, especially on the influence of PIMs on the lung. At this moment, further studies are needed to provide a clear emphasis and better understanding of the potential role of PIMs in the lung pathophysiology associated with α2‐adrenergic agonists. These preliminary studies would be potentially to develop future medications and intervention targets that may be helpful to alleviate or prevent the critical striking pulmonary effects, and thereby improving the safety of α2‐agonist application in ruminants.
Like a Grinding Stone: How Crowdfunding Platforms Create, Perpetuate, and Value Health Inequities
Authors: Kenworthy Nora 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article explores how inequities are reproduced by, and valued within, the increasingly ubiquitous world of medical crowdfunding. As patients use platforms like GoFundMe to solicit donations for health care, success stories inundate social media. But most crowdfunders experience steep odds and marginal benefits. Drawing on the problematic figure of the “black box” in health disparities research and technology studies, I offer ethnography as a tool for unpacking often inscrutable and complex pathways through which online platforms amplify inequities. By leveraging both online and traditional research strategies—a platform analysis and paired narratives of crowdfunders’ disparate experiences, drawn from open‐ended interviews—this article explores how inequities are created and experienced by users. The analysis highlights how inequities are simultaneously central to the functioning of this marketplace and occluded by its platform design. Consequently, crowdfunding is concealing health inequities while shifting public values about who is entitled to health care, and why.
Genetic diversity and population structure in Vitis species illustrate phylogeographic patterns in eastern North America
Authors: Péros Jean‐Pierre , Cousins Peter , Launay Amandine , Cubry Philippe , Walker Andy , Prado Emilce , Peressotti Elisa , Wiedemann‐Merdinoglu Sabine , Laucou Valérie , Merdinoglu Didier , This Patrice , Boursiquot Jean‐Michel , Doligez Agnès 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGeographical distribution and diversity of current plant species have been strongly shaped by climatic oscillations during the Quaternary. Analysing the resulting divergence among species and differentiation within species is crucial to understand the evolution of taxa like the Vitis genus, which provides very useful genetic resources for grapevine improvement and might reveal original recolonization patterns due to growth habit and dispersal mode. Here, we studied the genetic structure in natural populations of three species from eastern North America: Vitis aestivalis, V. cinerea and V. riparia using different marker types. Vitis aestivalis and V. cinerea showed higher diversity than V. riparia. The two former species are less differentiated, confirming an earlier divergence of V. riparia. V. aestivalis and V. riparia exhibited different genetic groups on both sides of the Appalachian Mountains that could mirror different recolonization routes from southern refugia. Genetic structure was stronger in V. cinerea, for which two varieties (var. berlandieri and var. cinerea) are morphologically recognized. Our results confirm this distinction and suggest the existence of three other lineages within var. cinerea. These discontinuities appear linked to adaptation of var. berlandieri to dry and limy areas of Texas and partially to the Mississippi River Valley. Rapid range expansions from refugia upon climate warming are also suggested by the low linkage disequilibrium values observed. Furthermore, large variation for downy mildew resistance was observed in the three species. Our findings appeared consistent with the vegetation history of eastern North America.
Impacts of plant invasions in native plant–pollinator networks
Authors: Parra‐Tabla Víctor , Arceo‐Gómez Gerardo 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe disruption of mutualisms by invasive species has consequences for biodiversity loss and ecosystem function. Although invasive plant effects on the pollination of individual native species has been the subject of much study, their impacts on entire plant–pollinator communities are less understood. Community‐level studies on plant invasion have mainly focused on two fronts: understanding the mechanisms that mediate their integration; and their effects on plant–pollinator network structure. Here we briefly review current knowledge and propose a more unified framework for evaluating invasive species integration and their effects on plant–pollinator communities. We further outline gaps in our understanding and propose ways to advance knowledge in this field. Specifically, modeling approaches have so far yielded important predictions regarding the outcome and drivers of invasive species effects on plant communities. However, experimental studies that test these predictions in the field are lacking. We further emphasize the need to understand the link between invasive plant effects on pollination network structure and their consequences for native plant population dynamics (population growth). Integrating demographic studies with those on pollination networks is thus key in order to achieve a more predictive understanding of pollinator‐mediated effects of invasive species on the persistence of native plant biodiversity.
Self‐reported awareness during general anesthesia in pediatric patients: A study from Wake Up Safe
Authors: Lee Angela C. , Redding Amanda Townsend , Tjia Imelda , Rana Md. Sohel , Heitmiller Eugenie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAwareness under general anesthesia occurs rarely, but can result in emotional trauma. Although well‐studied in adults, there is a paucity of data on unintentional awareness in children.AimsThis case series examines instances of self‐reported awareness registered with Wake Up Safe, a patient safety organization that maintains a database of adverse events in pediatric anesthesia.MethodsCases of self‐reported intraoperative awareness submitted to Wake Up Safe from January 1, 2010 to May 31, 2020 were reviewed for circumstances, causative factors, and level of harm.ResultsFourteen cases of self‐reported intraoperative awareness out of 555 360 cases in patients aged 5–20 years were noted during the study period. Overall incidence of awareness was 2.52 (95% CI: 1.38–4.23) cases per 100 000 patients, or approximately 1:40 000. Self‐reported intraoperative awareness was more frequently associated with cardiac and gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. Incidence for cardiac procedures was 20.34 (95% CI: 8.18–41.90) cases per 100 000 patients. Incidence for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures was 7.74 (95% CI: 1.60–22.62) cases per 100 000 patients. Most patients were assessed to have suffered harm.ConclusionsSelf‐reported intraoperative awareness is a rare complication in pediatric patients that has implications for harm. Compared to awareness cases elicited by a questionnaire method, cases of self‐reported awareness during general anesthesia may represent those that have a greater impact. A preoperative discussion of intraoperative awareness should be considered for procedures that carry a higher likelihood of awareness in order to mitigate harm.
Videoendoscopic evaluation of swallowing using normal saline in NICU infants
Authors: Mizogami Masae , Hasegawa Hisaya , Yamada Yosuke , Kitamura Rei , Wasa Masanori 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundVideoendoscopic evaluation (VE) of swallowing involves inserting a small flexible endoscope transnasally to allow direct observation of pharyngeal and laryngeal structures and swallowing functions. In our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) VE is performed in infants suspected of severe swallowing dysfunction, using normal saline (NS) with the aim of minimizing the detrimental effect of aspiration on respiration caused by VE. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of VE using NS in NICU infants.MethodsWe enrolled 28 infants who demonstrated clinical signs of swallowing dysfunction or who were ready to start oral feeding. Swallowing evaluations were completed using flexible fiberoptic laryngobronchoscopy (FLB). While observing the pharyngeal and laryngeal cavity with FLB, NS was gradually increased by 1 mL and injected up to a maximum of 3 mL, and the swallowing reflex, tracheal aspiration, and pharyngeal residue were observed.ResultsMedian gestational age was 37 weeks 6 days, median birthweight 2,539 g, and median age at first examination was 107.5 days. Abnormalities in VE were observed in 20 cases, most of which were upper airway lesions. Most of these upper airway abnormalities were pharyngeal lesions. In two pharyngeal lesion cases, swallowing function improved using positive airway pressure.ConclusionsInfants with pharyngeal lesions demonstrated abnormal VE findings. Furthermore, positive airway pressure improved swallowing in some cases, suggesting that narrowing of the pharyngeal cavity may affect swallowing function. In addition, results suggest that VE using NS is a safe and useful method for evaluating swallowing function and determining countermeasures in NICU infants.
Reflecting on one's best possible self as a leader: Implications for professional employees at work
Authors: Jennings Remy E. , Lanaj Klodiana , Koopman Joel , McNamara Gerry 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMost professional employees aspire to leadership, and this suggests that a best possible leader self—a personalized representation of who an employee aspires to be at their best as a leader in the future—is likely a relevant and motivating self‐representation for employees at work. Integrating theory on best possible selves with control theory, we suggest that activating a best possible leader self can have beneficial effects for the way that any employee feels and behaves at work. Specifically, we propose that employees who reflect on their best possible leader self will enact more leader‐congruent behaviors and subsequently perceive themselves as more leaderlike due to the positive affect generated by such reflection. We found support for our theoretical expectations in an experimental experience sampling study that included both current and aspiring leaders. On days when employees reflected on their best possible leader self, they engaged in more helping and visioning via positive affect. Furthermore, employees perceived themselves as more leaderlike after performing these leader‐congruent behaviors, as captured by higher enacted leader identity and clout. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for research on leadership.
Subthreshold error corrections predict adaptive post‐error compensations
Authors: Beatty Paul J. , Buzzell George A. , Roberts Daniel M. , Voloshyna Yelyzaveta , McDonald Craig G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRelatively little is known about the relation between subthreshold error corrections and post‐error behavioral compensations. The present study utilized lateralized beta power, which has been shown to index response preparation, to examine subthreshold error corrections in a task known to produce response conflict, the Simon task. We found that even when an overt correction is not made, greater activation of the corrective response, indexed by beta suppression ipsilateral to the initial responding hand, predicted post‐error speeding, and enhanced post‐error accuracy at the single‐trial level. This provides support for the notion that response conflict associated with errors can be adaptive, and suggests that subthreshold corrections should be taken into account to fully understand error‐monitoring processes. Furthermore, we expand on previous findings that demonstrate that post‐error slowing and post‐error accuracy can be dissociated, as well as findings that suggest that frontal midline theta oscillations and the error‐related negativity (ERN) are dissociable neurocognitive processes.
Virulence mechanisms of vibrios belonging to the Splendidus clade as aquaculture pathogens, from case studies and genome data
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Li Chenghua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Vibrio genus belonging to the Splendidus clade includes 16 described species and can infect a broad host range of cultured animals in marine environments, resulting in various diseases and high mortality, thus leading to high economic losses in aquaculture. Here, we provide a brief description of the virulence of Splendidus clade pathogens and the known or potential virulence factors as well as the virulence regulation factors provided by both case studies and genome data. Splendidus clade pathogens possess virulence factors, including adhesins, extracellular proteases, haemolysins and siderophores, to adhere to, invade and combat hosts. Global regulators, such as the quorum sensing system and σ factors, are involved in virulence regulation. Chemotaxis, flagellum, secretion and toxin‐antitoxin systems, as well as small RNAs that are frequently involved in virulence, are also included in the discussion of the genome data of Splendidus clade pathogen. A better understanding of the pathogenesis, virulence factors and virulence regulation will not only illustrate the means used by Splendidus clade pathogens to infect their hosts but also offer new targets for the development of control strategies against Splendidus clade pathogen infection in aquaculture.
Comparative Energy Regionalism: North America and the European Energy Community
Authors: Herman Lior , Ariel Jonathan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough literature on energy cooperation highlights that cooperation is more successful at the regional level, it largely fails to understand and conceptualize energy cooperation as part of the wider phenomenon of regionalism. Energy cooperation tends to be analyzed through prisms of security and geopolitics, thus, downplaying other important regional integration processes. The present paper addresses this lacuna, defining energy regionalism and conceptualizing its various dimensions, logics, motivations, and interests. We apply a comparative perspective, examining two regions which exhibit extensive energy cooperation yet differ in several ways: North America and the European Energy Community. Our findings suggest various trajectories and models, and indicate that formal institutionalization is neither a necessary condition for nor a guarantee of strong energy regionalism. We discern that regional anchor is key in North American and European energy regionalism.
Platelet transfusion refractoriness and anti‐HLA immunization
Authors: Blandin Lucie , Dougé Aurore , Fayard Amandine , Bay Jacques‐Olivier , Berlie Guillaume , Pereira Bruno , Lemal Richard , Rouzaire Paul 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPlatelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR), defined as an unsatisfactory post‐transfusion platelet count increment, is a common complication of patients receiving multiple transfusions. Different strategies are described in the management of PTR. In this work, we demonstrate the efficacy of the detection and identification of anti‐HLA antibodies in the recipient using a threshold of 3000 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), and the seek of donors not expressing HLA antigens against which the patient is immunized.
Decellularized xenografts in regenerative medicine: From processing to clinical application
Authors: Capella‐Monsonís Héctor , Zeugolis Dimitrios I. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDecellularized xenografts are an inherent component of regenerative medicine. Their preserved structure, mechanical integrity and biofunctional composition have well established them in reparative medicine for a diverse range of clinical indications. Nonetheless, their performance is highly influenced by their source (ie species, age, tissue) and processing (ie decellularization, crosslinking, sterilization and preservation), which govern their final characteristics and determine their success or failure for a specific clinical target. In this review, we provide an overview of the different sources and processing methods used in decellularized xenografts fabrication and discuss their effect on the clinical performance of commercially available decellularized xenografts.
Large Displacements With Small Strains in Loaded Structures
Authors: Swainger K. H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper considers the case of flexible structures in which displacements can be large although strains are small. The theory gives an “exact” solution in a large class of problems where the displacements are large but predictable closely from the physical conditions imposed. In this method, the major part of the displacement is “guessed,” and then a further “small” displacement calculated from equations, which are developed, to assure compatibility. As a simple but not trivial example, the generation of an elastic cylinder from a flat plate is considered to illustrate the method.
A Mechanical Analyzer for the Solution of Vibration Problems of a Single Degree of Freedom
Authors: Weibel E. E. , Cokyucel N. M. , Blau R. E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A mechanical-analogy-type analyzer is described which is of relatively simple construction being limited to single-degree-of-freedom problems. Whithin this limitation solutions may be obtained for systems which include various types of nonlinear elasticity and of nonlinear damping. Included is a generalized solution obtained on the analyzer giving in dimensionless form the maximum displacements and forces in a system having nonlinear (linear plus cubic) elasticity and linear damping caused by a force pulse of constant magnitude and finite duration. The bearing of the results on the starting torques in nonlinear systems is indicated.
Aerodynamic Oscillations in Suspension Bridges
Authors: Pinney Edmund 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Following the failure in 1940 of the Tacoma Narrows suspension bridge by wind-driven oscillations, the need for developing in advance adequate data concerning wind speeds at which such oscillations occur became apparent. Numerous studies and experiments were undertaken on the subject, the present paper dealing with a symmetrical suspension bridge having two towers in which both sidespan and tower effects are considered. A modification is given to include the effects of roadbed “slats,” and a method is outlined for obtaining flutter speeds from roadbed section models which may fit into standard wind tunnels. The theory is applied to the Tacoma Narrows Bridge.