bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroimaging guided tES to facilitate complex laparoscopic surgical tasks – insights from functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Walia Pushpinder , Fu Yaoyu , Schwaitzberg Steven D. , Intes Xavier , De Suvranu , Cavuoto Lora , Dutta Anirban 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) is a prerequisite for board certification in general surgery in the USA. In FLS, the suturing task with intracorporeal knot tying is considered the most complex. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been shown to facilitate FLS surgical skill acquisition where 2mA tDCS for 15min with the anode over F3 (10/10 EEG montage) and cathode over F4 has improved performance score in an open knot-tying task. Since PFC has a functional organization related to the hierarchy of cognitive control, we performed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate PFC activation during the more complex FLS suturing task with intracorporeal knot tying. We performed fNIRS-based analysis using AtlasViewer software on two expert surgeons and four novice medical students. We found an average cortical activation mainly at the left medial PFC across the experts, while the average cortical activation across the novices was primarily at the left pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus and ventral premotor cortex, inferior parietal lobule, and supramarginal gyrus. Here, the average cortical activation across the novices included not only the cognitive control related brain regions but also motor control complexity related brain regions. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility to stimulate motor complexity related PFC regions using ROAST software and identified a 4x1 high-definition (HD) tDCS montage.Clinical Relevance—This shows the feasibility of fNIRS-guided tES to individualize electrode montage that may facilitate FLS surgical training in our future studies.
Cerebral and muscle near-infrared spectroscopy during lower-limb muscle activity – volitional and functional electrical stimulation
Authors: Dutta Anirban , Zhao Fei , Cheung Mancheung , Das Abhijit , Tomita Machiko , Chatterjee Kausik 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) can lead to blood clotting in the deep veins of the legs, a disease known as deep vein thrombosis. An estimated 40 percent of people in the United States have venous insufficiency that may be ameliorated with functional electrical stimulation (FES). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive optical imaging method for monitoring hemodynamics. NIRS being an optical technique can be combined with FES for a theranostics application without suffering stimulation artefact. In this study, we combined muscle NIRS with electromyogram (EMG) of the calf muscles to detect blood volume changes (based on total hemoglobin concentration) in the muscle during volitional tiptoe movements at different frequencies as well as during FES (using geko™) with different stimulation intensity. In muscle NIRS+FES study, we also measured the cerebral hemodynamics using functional NIRS (fNIRS). Muscle NIRS was conducted using a frequency domain (FD) method (called FDNIRS) that used a multi-distance method to isolate muscle hemodynamics. FDNIRS-EMG study in ten healthy humans found a statistically significant (p<0.05) effect of the tiptoe frequencies on the EMG magnitude (and power) that increased with tiptoe frequency. Also, the muscle blood volume (standing/rest) decreased p<0.01) with increasing tiptoe frequency and increasing stimulation intensity that was statistically significantly (p<0.05) different for males and females. Moreover, increasing stimulation intensity led to a statistically significant (p<0.01) increase in cerebral blood volume measured with fNIRS. Therefore, combined muscle NIRS and fNIRS with FES can provide a theranostics application in CVI.
Synthesis of copper metal organic framework based on Schiff base tricarboxylate ligand for highly selective and sensitive detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in aqueous medium
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Yususf M. , Malik Ashok Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
By using Schiff base tricarboxylate ligand 5-(4-carboxybenzylideneamino)isophthalic acid (H 3 CIP), a new imine functionalized copper metal organic framework (MOF) has been synthesized solvothermally. It was fully characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and elemental mapping techniques. The as-synthesized MOF has been utilized as fluorescent probe for detection of nitro aromatic explosives (NAEs). The results show that the copper MOF can be developed into highly selective and sensitive sensor for detection of TNP in the aqueous medium via the “turn-off” quenching response. The linear fitting of the Stern-Volmer plot for TNP offered large quenching constant of 1.07 × 10 4 M −1 for Cu-MOF indicating the high sensitivity of the sensing process. Outstanding sensitivity of prepared material towards TNP detection was further validated by the low detection limit of 80 ppb (0.35 µM). The detailed mechanistic studies for their mode of action and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveals that photo-induced electron transfer (PET) and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) processes, as well as electrostatic interactions ( i.e. H-bonding) are the key factors for the turn-off response toward TNP by this fluorescent sensor. Thus, this new LMOF owing to their high water stability and remarkable functional features are potential candidates which can be developed into selective and sensitive TNP detection devices.
The Function of the Allusion to Aristophanes’ Birds in the Parable of the Unjust Steward (Lk 16:1–8)
Authors: Adamczewski Bartosz 
Published: July 2021

The allusion to Aristophanes’ Birds plays an important role in the intertextual-illustrative rhetoric of the Lucan parable of the unjust steward (Lk 16:1–8). People generally assume that good legal systems promote moral honesty and legal justice. Against this background, the Pauline idea of the presence of the law, but also its ineffectiveness in giving righteousness (Gal 3:19b; cf. 3:21), is quite difficult to explain. In order to illustrate this Pauline idea in his sequential hypertextual reworking of the Letter to the Galatians, Luke used the allusion to Aristophanes’ comedy, which presented the classical Athenian legal system as likewise ineffective against the activity of the morally corrupt legal agent, the sycophant. The Lucan unjust steward not only uses the language of the Athenian sycophant, but also engages in similar, apparently legal but morally unjust activity, thus questioning the effectiveness of the whole legal system in promoting righteousness. The reworking of the sequence of Pauline ideas explains the meaning of the enigmatic parable of the unjust steward (Lk 16:1–8).
Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Problem Hidden in the Shadows
Authors: Doumas Michael , Imprialos Konstantinos P. , Koutsampasopoulos Konstantinos , Katsimardou Aleksandra , Bouloukou Sofia , Theodoulidis Iakovos , Themistoklis Mikos 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) has been largely underdiagnosed and undertreated
due to the lack of concrete definitions, validated assessment methods and efficient treatments. However, during
the last few decades, there has been great progress in the clinical management and research of FSD.

Objective:
The purpose of this review is to describe the pathophysiology of FSD, report the prevalence of the
disease in the setting of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and disease, and review current and under investigation
treatment options.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify studies examining the association of FSD with CV risk factors and/or disease and studies reporting appropriate management options.

Results:
The prevalence of FSD is increased in the general population (approximately 40%) and is significantly
higher in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. In patients with overt CV disease,
FSD is even more prevalent (up to 90%). The cause of FSD is multifactorial and includes a variety of vascular,
hormonal, interpersonal and psychological factors, which are all intertwined. Several treatment options exist
that are efficient in improving female sexual function, while a cluster of other options has been shown to offer
benefits.

Conclusion:
FSD is a major public health problem with great impact on the patients’ quality of life. In the setting
of increased CV burden, FSD is even more prevalent. Increased awareness is needed for the physician to
establish a trustful environment with the patient, discuss such issues, and offer proper management options.
Computational Studies on Isolated Compounds of Sclerochloa dura; their Efficacy towards Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition and Anti-cancer Drug Targets
Authors: Ali Majid , Zaidi Asma , Farooq Umar , Sarwar Rizwana , Bukhari Syed Majid 
Published: July 2021

Background:
In the previous study, we reported the isolation of six compounds from
Sclerochloa dura and their in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential by their ability to inhibit phospholipase
A2 (PLA2). The objective of current study is to inspect the effect of these compounds on other
expected targets.

Methods:
For this purpose, various targets and percentage activities are predicted through CoFFer
(QSAR) web service. All six compounds under investigation represented 99-100% activity towards
carbonic anhydrases (CAs) and 90-100% activity towards anti-cancer drug targets. As active site of
most of the carbonic anhydrase isozymes is conserved, we selected cytosolic human carbonic anhydrase
II (hCA II) for docking studies which is ubiquitous and involved in various human disorders
such as glaucoma, pulmonary edema and epilepsy. Anticancer drug targets include vascular endothelial
growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and tyrosine protein kinase (c-
SRC). Interaction of these compounds with hCA II (PDB ID:3P4V) and anti-cancer drug targets such
as VEGFR2 (ID:3WZD), GR (ID:5G5W) and c-SRC (ID:2SRC), were analyzed through molecular
docking studies using MOE (Molecular Operating Environment).

Results:
The findings suggested that most of these compounds represent excellent binding affinity
with hCA II by making interaction with zinc-coordinated water molecule through sulfonic acid group
or hydroxyl group present in the compounds. Similarly, five out of six compounds represented excellent
interaction with VEGFR2. Interactions with GR indicated that compounds 2, 3, and 6 bind effectively
as compared to their co-crystallized ligands. However, among these, the excellent binding
affinity with c-SRC was demonstrated by compounds 3 and 6.

Conclusion:
This study revealed that all these compounds exhibited excellent interaction with the
active site of hCA II, however in the light of previously reported data and due to membrane barrier,
only compound 1 (due to long hydrophobic tail) and compound 4 (due to absence of bulky carbohydrate
groups), can only penetrate inside the cytosol. Compounds 2, 3, 4, and 6 containing bulky carbohydrate
moieties cannot penetrate inside the cell, therefore, they might have selective nature towards
membrane-bounded tumor-associated hCA IX. This anti-tumor property of compounds was
also proved by docking studies with VEGFR2, GR and c-SRC. Therefore, these compounds may
have synergistic effects against inflammation and cancer. The ADMET studies show that compounds
have moderate absorption and permeability along with slight toxicity.
The Role of Rehabilitation Exercises on Weight, Functional Strength, and Exercise Adherence in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad Tariq , Hamid Mohamad Shariff Abdul , Hafiz Eliza , Rashid Khalid , Chaudhary Farid Ahmad 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a weight-bearing joint disease and is more common in overweight and obese persons. The objective of this study was to determine the role of rehabilitation exercises (REs) of lower limbs on weight, functional strength, and exercise adherence in overweight and obese knee OA patients.

Materials And Method:
The patients were recruited from the Urban community of Lahore, Pakistan. The patients were divided into the rehabilitation group (RG) and control group (CG). The patients in the RG performed the REs of lower limbs and followed the instructions of daily care (IDC), while the patients in the CG only followed the IDC for 12 weeks. Outcome measures were assessed at pre-test before grouping and post-test after 12-weeks of interventions. The measures included: weight, functional strength, and exercise adherence. The Paired Samples t-test (for the normally distributed data) and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranked Test (for the data that was not normally distributed) were used to analyze the differences within groups from pre to post-test measurements. The analysis of variance 2 × 2 factors and the Mann-Whitney U-test were used to analyze the difference of weight and functional strength respectively between the groups.

Results:
The patients were recruited from the urban community of Lahore, Pakistan.
The patients were divided into the rehabilitation group (RG) and control group (CG). The patients
in the RG performed the REs of lower limbs and followed the instructions of daily care (IDC),
while the patients in the CG only followed the IDC for a 12 weeks period. Outcome measures
were assessed at pre-test before grouping and post-test after 12-weeks of interventions. The measures
included: weight, functional strength, and exercise adherence. The Paired Samples t-test (for
normally distributed data) and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranked Test (for data that was not normally
distributed) were used to analyze the differences within groups from pre to post-test measurements.
The variance 2 × 2 factors and the Mann Whitney U-test were used to analyze the difference in
weight and functional strength between the groups.

Conclusion:
The REs could improve weight, functional strength and exercise adherence.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior in Avoiding Environmental Tobacco
Smoke Exposure at Home among Pregnant Women
Authors: Ebrahimi Samira , Bayrami Roghieh , Rasouli Javad , Feizipour Haydeh 
Published: July 2021

Background:
There is a paucity of research on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the harms of exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) among pregnant women.

Objective:
This study, therefore, aimed to examine the knowledge, attitude, and avoidance behavior towards ETS exposure at home among Iranian pregnant women.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 150 non-smoking pregnant women having husbands who smoked in Urmia, Iran. The participants were selected through a multi-stage process. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire that measured demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and behaviors in avoiding ETS. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, t-test, and ANOVA by SPSS-16 at a significance level of 0.05.

Results:
The majority of participants (54.7%) had sufficient knowledge about ETS. The women's attitude and efforts to prevent ETS exposure were moderate in 50% and 60% of the cases, respectively. The participants’ knowledge was significantly associated with their level of education, employment status, and family income (P<0.05). Knowledge had a significant and positive relationship with attitude (P=0.001, r=0.280) and efforts to prevent ETS exposure (P<0.001, r=0.403).

Conclusion:
Knowledge about ETS was significantly correlated with attitude and avoidance behavior of ETS exposure. Therefore, pregnancy care providers should implement interventional programs to improve the attitude and practice of pregnant women. Public health initiatives are also needed to empower women and encourage them to reduce ETS exposure.
From a Deliberative to an Implementing Mindset a Process-oriented View of the Formation of Academic Entrepreneurial Intention
Authors: Blaese Richard , Liebig Brigitte 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Previous intention-based research has not considered whether participants are in the motivational or in the actional phase. In turn, this creates a gap of knowledge concerning the cognitive and motivational processes involved in the formation of Entrepreneurial Intention (EI). By applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the present study addresses the formation of EI to commercialize research knowledge, focusing on the transition from motivation to implementation in the context of academia.

Methods:
Drawing on cross-sectional data of 490 researchers, segmented regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial engagement on EI-growth. Multi-group Structural Equalization Modeling (SEM) was then used to test the moderation effects of engagement on the relationship between motivational factors and entrepreneurial intention.

Results and Discussion:
The analysis revealed a direct influence of engagement on EI, as well as a threshold of EI-growth per the context of a Rubicon crossing after the initiation of the first gestation action. Our data also show a growing influence of endogenous factors (e.g., attitudes and perceived behavior control) on EI during the venture creation process. The second part of the study contributes by testing the effects of entrepreneurial rewards on TPB-antecedents moderated by engagement.

Conclusion:
Until today, research mostly relied on cross-sectional data to predict and measure the strength of EI in the phase preceding the launch of a new business without considering whether participants are in the motivational or in the actional phase. Our finding highlights the need to shift from focusing entrepreneurship research solely on intentions to now on the process and implementation perspective.
Versatile Synthesis of Organic Compounds Derived from Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Das Aparna , Banik Bimal Krishna 
Published: July 2021

:
Ascorbic acid, also known as Vitamin C, is the most important vitamin observed in diverse
food. Ascorbic acid has various applications in several fields. Studies have depicted that in organic
synthesis, it can be used as a mediator or substrate. The derivatives of ascorbic acid have
been found to possess numerous biological activities. In this review, we report the important derivatives
of ascorbic acid, which have significant biological activities. Various studies are considered
in this review to prove its wide range of availability.
What’s the Matter with Jarrettsville? Genre Classification as an Opportunistic Construct
Authors: Childress C. Clayton 
Published: July 2021

The study of genre classifications within creative industries typically orients toward the maintenance of order within organizational and institutional contexts. This study takes up the case of Jarrettsville, a work of fiction published in the United States in Fall 2009 to highlight prevalent disorders and debates in the development of a work of fiction. What looks like a clear and ordered process of genre assignment after-the-fact may actually contain a wealth of negotiations, strategic practices, and decisions to be made. In short, the assignment of genres can be conflicted, debated and opportunistic. As a work of culture is transmuted into a piece of commerce, cultural workers must navigate the interplay between text and context, and sometimes with competing agendas. When texts don’t fit a preferred context, the text itself may change. And when the context of the texts’ fabrication as a piece of commerce does not fit the text, contexts must be mediated as well.
This case study highlights these processes in action.
Una pedagogía para el objeto de diseño industrial digital
Authors: Vidal Prada Ernesto 
Published: July 2021

Para la sección “Disertaciones sobre Diseño del Vol 6, Nº 1 de la revista Designia, el autor invitado presenta un artículo corto de reflexión, en el que se discute acerca de la enseñanza y aprendizaje del diseño industrial en contextos digitales.
En este caso, a partir de la propuesta pedagógica titulada “Aulas con sentido” en la cual se plantea un esquema básico y punto de partida para pensar el uso de herramientas digitales dentro de cursos académicos de un programa de Diseño Industrial.
De acuerdo con la experiencia descrita, la reflexión implica la realidad de la disciplina más allá del uso de la tecnología, en este caso a partir de la representación digital del objeto de diseño de diseño, su función comunicativa y vinculación con el contexto.
color en la revitalización del patrimonio modesto
Authors: Mariconde María Marta , Incatasciato Adriana 
Published: July 2021

Los cambios culturales contemporáneos invaden los sentimientos de pertenencia y el desarrollo del sentido de lugar, como una necesidad del hombre de identidad con su ciudad. El lugar está ligado a la identidad. Cada grupo humano sostiene una relación muy estrecha con su lugar, con su territorio, ejerce una apropiación del mismo, posee un sentimiento de pertenencia y de orientación en él.
Ese sentimiento de “pertenecer a” implica compartir intereses, memorias y experiencias con otros; poseer valores en común y sentimientos profundos de identificación, además de situarse en un territorio compartido. Al respecto, según Marina Waisman, el concepto de identidad implica el de unidad, adquiriendo sentido si está en presencia de una multiplicidad que le es ajena. Así pues, la identidad de un grupo humano se va construyendo al tiempo que va calificando el propio entorno.
El enfoque sobre la imagen morfológica expresiva deviene en uno de los instrumentos de lectura del desarrollo urbano para todas aquellas intervenciones que alteran la consolidación del tejido. Desde esta mirada, el color, como atributo ligado a la forma, debe ser considerado un importante recurso en la estructuración de la imagen, conformándose en un referente del entorno. El color verifica y sustenta su actuación, construye, acentúa o materializa la imagen, logrando ser referente identificatorio, de apropiación y arraigo del ciudadano. En este sentido es considerado como una de las herramientas más fuertes, tanto eficaces cuanto económicas, para la revalorización y puesta en valor de micro-áreas con valor de patrimonio modesto, en un corto plazo.
Para la recuperación del imaginario cultural de una región se debe trabajar entonces en la consolidación y recuperación de la identidad, logrando la puesta en valor del patrimonio vivo, arquitectónico y social. En ese sentido, se presentarán propuestas de intervenciones cromáticas realizadas en localidades del interior de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina.
Plate Structural Analysis Based on a Double Interpolation Element with Arbitrary Meshing
Authors: Ton-That Hoang Lan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the plate structural analysis based on the finite element method (FEM) using a double interpolation element with arbitrary meshing. This element used in this research is related to the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and the double interpolation procedure. The first stage of the procedure is the same with the standard FEM for the quadrilateral element, but the averaged nodal gradients must be computed for the second stage of this interpolation. Shape functions established by the double interpolation procedure exhibit more continuous nodal gradients and higher-order polynomial contrast compared to the standard FEM when analysing the same mesh. Note that the total degrees of freedom (DOFs) do not increase in this procedure, and the trial solution and its derivatives are continuous across inter-element boundaries. Besides, with controlling distortion factors, the interior nodes of a plate domain are derived from a set of regular nodes. Four practical examples with good results and small errors are considered in this study for showing excellent efficiency for this element. Last but not least, this element allows us to implement the procedure in an existing FEM computer code as well as can be used for nonlinear analysis in the near future.