bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bantuan Sosial bagi Pekerja di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19: Sebuah Analisis terhadap Kebijakan Sosial Pemerintah
Authors: Retnaningsih Hartini 
Published: June 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted most Indonesians life, including workers. Many people have decreased income and even lost their jobs. It will affect the quality of their life, and in the end, it will reduce their level of welfare. The government has made various social policies to help people who are affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The goal is, people can survive in the middle of a pandemic that erodes their quality of life. One type of social assistance provided by the Government is social assistance for workers. However, unfortunately, workers, in this case, are limited to those with an income of IDR 5 million and below, and their status is registered in the Institution of Social Security Employment. This paper examines this matter with a qualitative approach and is based on a literature study. The results show that the social assistance provided by the Government still does not fulfil the sense of social justice for other workers, that is informal workers with lower income and are not registered in the Institution of Social Security Employment. This paper recommends that in the future, the Government should also care for informal workers who need social assistance more than formal workers who have a clear status and income. Through the budget and control function, the Indonesian Parliament should encourage the Government to make social policies that fulfil a sense of justice for all workers affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.AbstrakPandemi Covid-19 telah berdampak pada kehidupan sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia, termasuk pekerja. Banyak orang mengalami penurunan pendapatan dan bahkan kehilangan pekerjaan. Hal tersebut tentu akan mempengaruhi kualitas kehidupan masyarakat dan pada akhirnya akan menurunkan tingkat kesejahteraan mereka. Pemerintah telah berupaya membuat berbagai kebijakan sosial untuk membantu masyarakat terdampak pandemi Covid-19. Tujuannya adalah agar masyarakat dapat bertahan hidup di tengah pandemi yang terus menggerus kualitas hidup mereka. Salah satu jenis bantuan sosial yang diberikan oleh pemerintah adalah bantuan sosial bagi para pekerja. Namun sayangnya, pekerja dalam hal ini dibatasi hanya pada mereka yang berpenghasilan Rp 5 juta ke bawah dan statusnya terdaftar pada Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Ketenagakerjaan. Tulisan ini mengkaji hal tersebut dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan didasarkan pada studi kepustakaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan, bantuan sosial yang diberikan pemerintah tersebut masih belum memenuhi rasa keadilan bagi pekerja lainnya, yaitu pekerja informal yang pendapatannya jauh lebih rendah dan mereka tidak terdaftar pada Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Ketenagakerjaan. Pada akhirnya tulisan ini menyarankan agar ke depan, pemerintah juga peduli kepada pekerja informal yang sesungguhnya lebih membutuhkan bantuan sosial dibanding pekerja formal yang sudah jelas status dan penghasilannya.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI ELASTISITAS DAN HUKUM HOOKE KELAS XI DI SMA NEGERI 1 PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Vitrianingsih Devi , Yuliani Hadma , Syar Nur Inayah , Nasir Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Berbasis Problem Based Learning Pada Materi Elastisitas Dan Hukum Hooke Kelas XI Di SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengidentifikasi media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru dalam mengajarkan materi pembelajaran fisika; 2) mengidentifikasi bahan ajar yang perlu dikembangkan untuk mempelajari materi elastisitas dan hukum Hooke; 3) mendeskripsikan kebutuhan pengembangan lembar kerja siswa (LKS) berbasis problem based learning di kelas XI materi elastisitas dan hukum Hooke. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif (gabungan). Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan produk adalah metode research and development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa; 1) media pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru untuk mengajarkan materi pembelajaran fisika antara lain: Buku paket, LKS, modul, dan aplikasi pembelajaran online lainnya; 2) bahan ajar berupa LKS berbasis pemecahan masalah khususnya pada materi elastisitas dan hukum Hooke perlu dikembangkan guna melatih keterapilan berpikir kritis siswa;. 3) sebanyak 55% siswa mengatakan tidak menggunakan LKS untuk melakukan kegiatan praktikum, sebanyak 78% siswa mengatakan membutuhkan LKS yang menarik, dan sebanyak 92% siswa mengatakan memerlukan pengembangan LKS berbasis pemecahan masalah.
Students’ View on Using Online Application to Work on Online Assignment
Authors: Nuraeni Nuraeni , Suryaningsih Ita , Aisyah Sitti 
Published: June 2021

This research aimed to examine students’ views on using online applications, particularly Edmodo to do online assignments (e-assignment). This study was conducted at Universitas Muslim Maros in the English language education department. Eight students joined as the participants voluntarily. This research used qualitative research with a semi-structured interview method. Data were recorded then transcribed. The data then were analyzed using thematic analysis. The result showed that most participants were engaged to work on their assignments online. Positive views were given by the participants as they gained effective learning through the online assignment. However, some students felt the pressure when doing online learning. The big problems are a low internet connection and the use of timer features.
Características climáticas local e as implicações na saúde da população de Mossoró-RN: contribuições iniciais
Authors: Saraiva Ana Luiza Bezerra Da Costa , Do Vale Cláudia Câmara , Zanella Maria Elisa 
Published: June 2021

Em função da sua latitude e da baixa altitude, o município de Mossoró possui média de 2.700 horas anual de sol e diurnas anuais elevadas. As altas temperaturas, bem como os baixos valores de umidade relativa do ar encontrados nos períodos diurnos, principalmente nos meses mais secos, podem gerar desconforto térmico e causar problemas de saúde. Diante dessa realidade esse trabalho tem como objetivo principal identificar a relação existente entre as características climáticas de Mossoró-RN como o conforto térmico e os impactos negativos a saúde humana. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sobre os tema e trabalhos de coleta de dados em Mossoró por meio de entrevistas com 40 pessoas. Relacionado a influencia do forte calor sobre ao bem-estar e a saúde, uma parcela significativa de pessoas afirmaram sentir sintomas indesejável pelas altas temperaturas do ar e pela baixa umidade relativa do ar, principalmente entre às 11h e 15h. É preocupante o número de pessoas que afirma não possuir nenhum hábito que busque driblas os efeitos negativos das altas temperaturas do ar, da baixa umidade relativa e da radiação solar.
Scientific basis of the System for Analysis of Validity in Evaluation: The SAVE Metaprotocol.
Authors: Domínguez-Muñoz Antonio 
Published: June 2021

There are multiple situations, often related to the administrative or judicial field, in which it is necessary to use a healthy skepticism, to question the validity of an assertion, appealing to the evidence that can prove or disprove it. (Shermer, 2008). From a child custody issue to facing a harsh criminal conviction, to applying for a disability pension or obtaining an indemnity in an insurance context; in all of them, there is the opportunity to use deception for one's own benefit, harming a third party, through fraud. As we know, opportunity, together with prior motivation or incentive and subsequent justification, constitute the classic fraud triangle proposed by Cressey (1961).
This questioning of the validity of the case understood as its accuracy or correspondence with what it pretends to be and independently of its various types, is only possible from a method of analysis based on scientific evidence that benefits from using a system ordered by rules for the investigation - which we know as a protocol (Amezcua, 2000) - as well as a multiple approaches (Campbell and Fiske, 1959) that is proportionate to a conception of the detection and demonstration of deception from the approach of complexity (Cardozo, 2011). If, in addition, such a system was sufficiently flexible to be useful in the daily practice of the various fields in which it may be necessary to use it, it could represent a significant advance in this area.
These, together with those of Behavior Analysis in Ethology, Criminology, and Psychology, are the initial theoretical bases on which the System of Analysis of Validity in Evaluation (SAVE) is designed, establishing four phases in two domains of multiple and orderly but flexible application, to scientifically question the validity of a case and provide it with consistency and even legal value when appropriate. Although SAVE was born in a clinical context (Domínguez-Muñoz et al., 2014) its main area of knowledge is the study of lying and deception, an area in which there is a large bibliography, somewhat dispersed among various disciplines, which must be incorporated as a source of academic knowledge for its use in the applied field (Domínguez-Muñoz et al., 2017).
Фермер хўжалигининг ҳуқуқий мақомини белгилашга оид илмий назарий қарашлар
Authors: Тухташев Хикматилла 
Published: June 2021

Мақолада фермер хўжаликлари тушунчаси илмий-назарий қарашлар ва амалдаги қонун ҳужжатлари асосида ёритиб берилган. Фермер хўжалигининг юридик шахс сифатидаги ҳуқуқий мақомини аниқлаш зарурияти ва унинг долзарблигини ёритишга ҳаракат қилинган. Шу билан бирга, фермер хўжалиги тушунчаси ҳақида ўзининг мустақил ёндашувини ишлаб чиққан. Шунингдек, фермер хўжалигининг юридик тавсифи ва табиати очиб берилган. Фермер хўжаликларининг ташкилий ҳуқуқий шакли миллий ва хорижий мутахассислар томонидан берилган фикрлар ва тарифлар таҳлил қилиниб, уларнинг энг муҳим жиҳатлари асосида фермер хўжаликларининг ташкилий ҳуқуқий шакли ва уни ташкил қилишнинг ўзига хос жиҳатлари ёритилган. Айниқса, мақолада фермер хўжалигининг юридик шахс сифатидаги мақоми ҳам ҳуқуқий ҳам иқтисодий жиҳатдан ўрганилганилганлиги таҳлил сифатини оширишга хизмат қилган. Шунингдек, фермер хўжаликларининг бошқа тадбиркорлик субъектлари ва хўжалик юритувчи субъектларга ўхшаш ва фарқли жиҳатлари қонун ҳужжатлари таҳлили асосида ўрганилган бўлиб, шу орқали уларнинг ўзига хос жиҳатлари очиб берилган. Мавзу доирасида амалга оширилган татқиқот натижасида илмий-амалий аҳамиятга эга бўлган хулосалар ишлаб чиқилган.
Using Video Recording in Evaluating Skills of Medical Students in the Performance of the Orthopedic Examination
Authors: Bautista Jose Ma D. , Bernardo Peter B. , Ruanto Mark Anthony R. 
Published: June 2021

Objective. The study aims to assess the similarity between the results of the evaluation of students during an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and a video recording of the same OSCE (VOSCE).
Methods. All Orthopedic surgeon preceptors in the actual OSCE were recruited to the study. Video recordings of the students taking the OSCE were collected and later reviewed and re-evaluated by the same preceptor after at least four weeks. The grades of actual OSCE and VOSCE were collected and analyzed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient.
Results. High variability of intra-rater reliability was observed in different preceptors and station (slight agreement to perfect agreement). Overall intra-rater reliability between actual and video OSCE showed moderate agreement with Cohen’s kappa coefficient equal to 0.43 (n-219).
Conclusion. Video OSCE is a reliable tool in assessing student clinical skills and knowledge in the musculoskeletal examination. Some factors have been suggested to further improve reliability.
Randomized Controlled Trial on Combined Percutaneous Release and Steroid Injection Versus Percutaneous Release Alone for Trigger Finger in Adults
Authors: Sison Jerome David J. , Dela Rosa Tammy L. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Trigger finger is one of the most common causes of hand pain and disability. Surgical treatment consists of release of the A-1 pulley by open or percutaneous techniques. Many authors have noted that percutaneous release is convenient and cost-effective with a low complication rate. Only few studies have published results on combination of percutaneous release and steroid injection.
Objective. To compare the differences of outcomes in adults with trigger finger treated with combination of percutaneous release and corticosteroid injection to those treated with percutaneous release alone
Methods. We included all patients older than 18 years old in the UP-PGH Department of Orthopedics with a diagnosis of trigger finger who have consented to participate in this study. They were randomized into two treatment groups. One group was treated with percutaneous release only and the other group was treated with combined percutaneous release and corticosteroid injection. Outcomes measured were total active motion (TAM), postoperative pain, time to return-to-work, patient satisfaction, and complications.
Results. Post-procedure, both groups showed significant improvement in motion of the fingers (p = 0.034) and pain relief (p = 0.001). TAM scores of the combination group were better compared to the control at all time intervals (p = 0.03, 0.008, 0.004, 0.019) and better pain VAS scores in the 1st week (p = 0.009). Patients who received the combination treatment showed a trend toward better patient satisfaction, shorter duration of post-release pain and earlier return-to-work.
Conclusion. The addition of corticosteroid injections to percutaneous release of trigger finger significantly improves TAM and pain VAS scores.
A Descriptive Analysis of the Hip and Knee Joint Replacement Procedures of the University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) from 2012 to 2018
Authors: Dumlao Jose Carlos. F. , Delgado Giorgio D. , Azores Gregorio Marcelo S. 
Published: June 2021

Objective. Hip and knee joint replacement procedures are an effective therapeutic intervention in treating severe joint disorders. Its use has been increasingly performed worldwide, including the Philippines, with its techniques constantly evolving and the science behind it improving. This study aims to describe the demographics, clinical profiles, and outcomes of arthroplasty patients by the Arthroplasty Service, Department of Orthopedics, University of the Philippines – Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH).
Methods. The study is a descriptive and retrospective review of patients who underwent joint replacement procedures, both primary and revision arthroplasty, from January 2012 to December 2018. Patient demographics and clinical data of patients who underwent total joint arthroplasty at the UP-PGH were collected and evaluated.
Result. Data from 279 patients with 306 primary joint replacement procedures were analyzed. There were 195 total hip arthroplasty procedures (THAs) and 111 total knee arthroplasty procedures (TKAs) done. The mean age for THA patients was 55.6 years old, with more females (68.2%) with the left hip being more commonly affected (54.9%). The most common indication for THA was an untreated femoral neck fracture (23.1%) followed by avascular necrosis (20.5%). Cementless fixation was the most commonly used technique (61.5%). Meanwhile, the mean age for TKA was 64.5 years old, with the majority having degenerative osteoarthritis, and using cemented TKA fixation for all knees. A total of 37 revision arthroplasty cases were performed, with 34 in the hip and three in the knee, with infection being the most common overall indication (53%).
Conclusion. The demographics, clinical profiles, and outcomes of the UP-PGH Arthroplasty Service are comparable to other centers internationally, and further emphasizes the satisfactory outcomes of these procedures. Meanwhile, suggested explanations for the subtle differences are discussed in this study.
Restoration of Elbow Flexion for Upper Trunk Brachial Plexus Injuries: Evaluation of Nerve Transfers and Modified Steindler Flexorplasty
Authors: Handog Precious Grace B. , Montales Tristram D. , Estrella Emmanuel P. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. In patients with delayed presentation between 6 to 12 months, surgical treatment guidelines are not well defined in brachial plexus injury. Still, several authors have agreed that functional outcomes in patients treated within six months from the date of injury have the best results. Nerve transfers are still considered one of the treatment options in the said subset of patients even after six months. In contrast, a primary Steindler flexorplasty, or proximal advancement of the flexor-pronator group, is an ideal technique for elbow flexion with an elapsed time from injury >6 to 9 months.
Objective. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the clinical outcome s of nerve transfers versus modified Steindler flexorplasty for the restoration of elbow flexion in upper type brachial plexus injuries (BPI).
Methods. A retrospective review of 28 patients who underwent nerve transfers (NT) and 12 patients who underwent modified Steindler flexorplasty (MSF) was done to determine the outcome of treatments. The manual muscle testing using the Medical Research Council scaling system, Visual Analog Scale for pain, active range of motion, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand form scores were taken as dependent variables.
Results. The NT group had a median age of 27.5 years, with 26 men, a median surgical delay of 5.6 months, and a median follow-up of 33 months. Twenty out of 28 patients (71%) had ≥M3 with a median range of 117.6° elbow flexion motion. Median postoperative DASH (n=16) and VAS scores were 29.2 and 3, respectively. For the MSF patients, the median age was 27 years, including ten men, the median surgical delay was 12 months, and the median follow-up was 18.4 months. All the 12 patients had ≥M3, with a median range of motion of 106°. The median postoperative DASH score (n=5) and VAS score were 28.3 and 0, respectively. In the NT group, 73.3% (11/15) achieved ≥M3 elbow flexion if the operation was done in <6 months.
Conclusion. Nerve transfers and the modified Steindler procedure are still excellent options for successful elbow flexion reanimation in patients with brachial plexus injuries. Our results also showed that those with surgical delays of less than six months had the highest rate of achieving ≥M3 elbow flexion strength in the nerve transfer group.
Hip Fracture Detection Using Artificial Intelligence: A Pilot Study
Authors: Grozman Samuel Arsenio M. , Dumalo  III Patricio E. , Gonzales Lauro T. 
Published: June 2021

Background. Hip fractures are commonly missed on the first radiograph in up to 30% of patients. The delay in diagnosis leads to significant gaps in management and consequent morbidities. Thus, a computer-aided hip fracture recognition through the Artificial Neural Network deep learning model, which allows the program to learn and gain experience with more images processed, has been created. The study aimed to determine the accuracy and sensitivity of the artificial neural network model in detecting fractures of the hip and explored the feasibility of its use as a diagnostic screening tool.
Materials and Methods. A sample size of 45 participants/samples per treatment group was computed using a confidence level of 90%, and prevalence of 0.05 for a pilot study. The program was tested by processing digital pictures of radiographs of patients with known hip fractures that included femoral neck, intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric, and proximal femur fractures taken from the database of adult patients, who have undergone surgery for a hip fracture at the Philippine General Hospital from 2016-17. The 90 (45 fractured, 45 normal) manually selected proximal femur images were run on 10 models. The models were based on AlexNet and VGG-16, which are the representative convoluted neural networks designed for image analysis.
Results and Conclusion. The program had an accuracy of 70%, specificity of 42.2% and sensitivity of 97.8%. This study is proof of concept that a deep learning model fracture detection software shows potential in hip fracture detection. Further training is necessary to make this promising innovation clinically useful.
Utility of Ipsilateral Medial Fibular Transport Using the Ilizarov Frame in the Treatment for Non-elderly Patients Sustaining Massive Tibial Bone Defects as a Sequela of Trauma and Infection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dumlao III Patricio E. , Balce Gracia Cielo E. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction and Objectives. Segmental tibial bone loss from tumor, trauma, or infection is a debilitating, limb-threatening scenario where treatment principles involve aggressive resection of infected tissues usually leading to large defects requiring reconstruction. A systematic review was conducted to determine the best available evidence related to the ipsilateral medial fibular transport using the Ilizarov frame in the management of these massive tibial bone defects.
Methods. Multiple medical online database search for articles containing the keywords: ipsilateral medial fibular transport, medial fibula transport, medialization of the fibula using the Ilizarov fixator, ring external fixator, vascularized free fibula, vascularized fibula transfer, and other related MeSH terms was done. Data was summarized to describethe mean age, bone defect, external fixator time, external fixator index, and bone and functional results using the ASAMI criteria.
Results. Eight studies with a total of 43 patients with massive tibial bone defects treated by fibular transport using the Ilizarov methods were identified. The mean age was 25.27 years (6.5-44.4) with a mean bone defect of 13.57 cm (9.52-17). The mean length of follow-up was 37.67 months (18-70.2). The bone union rate was 100%. Mean external fixation time was 9.59 months (8.31-10.88) and external fixation index was 0.61 months/cm (0.52-0.70). The majority of patients have an excellent bone (84%) and functional (52%) results. The average rate of complication was determined at 0.74/patient (95% CI, 0.60-0.89). The most common complications include pin-tract infection (37%), residual loss of motion/stiffness of knee and ankle (35%), and pain on the transport site (21%).
Conclusion. Ipsilateral medial fibular transport using the Ilizarov frame provides a viable alternative treatment option for the treatment of massive tibial bone defects.
El escribano y la mano visible. Intermediación financiera y crédito en un contexto de información asimétrica (Buenos Aires, siglo XVIII)
Authors: Wasserman Martín L. E. 
Published: June 2021

A lo largo del último tercio del siglo XVIII el crecimiento económico y la incertidumbre se conjugaban en Buenos Aires, cuya interacción comercial continuaba apoyándose en distintas prácticas de endeudamiento, tal como sucedía desde la emergencia de la ciudad.
Para afrontar los riesgos inherentes a la interacción crediticia, los actores podían depositar su crédito en tomadores confiables, cuya correspondencia se presumía asegurada por la proximidad relacional entre las partes. Pero el caso de Buenos Aires también ha dado cuenta de la existencia de transacciones que no se circunscribían a acreedores y deudores pertenecientes a un mismo círculo de sociabilidad: el crédito podía depositarse, asimismo, en un mediador cuya fiabilidad atenuase el riesgo de la distancia relacional entre acreedor y deudor. Y esa mediación habría de apoyarse, por lo tanto, en la capacidad del intermediario para gestionar eficientemente la información crediticia sobre el deudor y, con ello, los riesgos de la operación.
El presente artículo tiene por objetivo indagar el rol que los escribanos porteños tuvieron como intermediarios financieros en el mercado de créditos durante el último tercio del siglo XVIII. Se realiza un análisis estadístico sobre los abecedarios de cada protocolo notarial y se evalúa la importancia de la información en su desempeño.