bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Switch from sequestering to anti-CD20 depleting treatment: disease activity outcomes during wash-out and in the first 6 months of ocrelizumab therapy
Authors: Signoriello Elisabetta , Lus Giacomo , Bonavita Simona , Lanzillo Roberta , Saccà Francesco , Landi Doriana , Frau Jessica , Baroncini Damiano , Zaffaroni Mauro , Maniscalco Giorgia Teresa , Curti Erica , Sartori Arianna , Cepparulo Simone , Marfia Girolama Alessandra , Nicoletti Carolina Gabri , Carotenuto Antonio , Nociti Viviana , Caleri Francesca , Sormani Maria Pia , Signori Alessio 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Switching between treatments is an opportunity for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) to ameliorate disease control or safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of switching from fingolimod (FTY) or natalizumab (NTZ) to ocrelizumab (OCR) on disease activity. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 165 patients treated with OCR from 11 MS centres. We assessed the association of demographic and clinical characteristics on relapse rate (RR) and activity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during wash-out and after 6 months of treatment with OCR through univariable and multivariable negative binomial regression models. Results: We registered a total of 35 relapses during the wash-out period. Previous treatment with FTY, relapses in the previous year, and relapsing-remitting course were associated with higher RR. In the first 6 months of OCR, 12 patients had clinical or MRI disease activity. Higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and higher lymphocyte count at OCR start were associated with a reduced probability of relapse. Discussion and Conclusion: This study confirms that withdrawal from sequestering agents as FTY increases the risk of relapses in the wash-out period. Nevertheless, starting OCR before achieving complete immune reconstitution could limit its effectiveness in the first 6 months probably because trapped lymphocytes escape the CD20-mediated depletion.
Laparoscopic repair of transdiaphragmatic intercostal hernia following blunt trauma
Authors: Nho Woo Young , Kim Jae Oh , Nam Soon Young , Kee Se Kook 
Published: April 2021

Background Transdiaphragmatic intercostal hernia (TIH) is a rare clinical entity that generally occurs following trauma or surgical intervention, but it may occur spontaneously Case Report An 82-year-old Korean man presented with left-sided chest pain after falling off an agricultural vehicle. Physical examination revealed a bruised painful swelling in the left lower chest wall confirmed as hernia of the transverse colon and omentum through a defect in the diaphragm into the 7th intercostal space. Laparoscopic repair with a prosthetic mesh was successful with no sign of hernia recurrence 3 years after injury. Discussion TIH is uncommon. Depending on the associated injuries they may be repaired via the chest or abdomen and with the widespread advent of minimally invasive surgery this can be achieved laparoscopically or thoracoscopically. Small defects can be closed directly, but larger defects will require mesh coverage. Care should be taken to avoid using fixation tacks close to the central tendon and are best suited to peripheral defect repairs.
Long-Term Outcomes of Massive Rotator Cuff Tear Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shah Nihar S. , Suriel Peguero Emil , Umeda Yuta , Crawford Zachary T. , Grawe Brian M 
Published: April 2021

Background: With an increase in the treatment options available for massive rotator cuff tears, understanding the long-term outcomes of the chosen modality is important. Questions/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available literature on repair of massive rotator cuff repairs and learn the longevity of outcomes, the failure rate, outcomes after failure, and any contributing factors to poor outcomes or failure. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Embase databases to find studies that investigated the long-term results of repair of massive rotator cuff repairs. Studies were excluded if they did not stratify results of massive tears, provide a definition for a massive rotator cuff tear, or report isolate patients with long-term follow-up. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria, for a total of 472 shoulders; average patient age was 57.6 years. Follow-up ranged from 119 to 240 months. Outcome scores improved significantly following repair and were maintained throughout follow-up. The repair failure rate across studies was 39.2%. Patients who suffered retear had significantly worse outcome scores than patients with intact tendons at long-term follow-up. Conclusions: The existing literature on long-term follow-up after massive rotator cuff repair is scarce and not of high level of evidence. This review found repair of massive rotator cuff tears leads to long-term maintained improvements in outcome measures. Failure of repair is quite common, but results following failure are superior to preoperative outcomes.
A Midwest COVID-19 Cohort for the Evaluation of Multimorbidity and Adverse Outcomes from COVID-19
Authors: Nanda Sanjeev , Toussaint Loren , Vincent Ann , Fischer Karen M. , Hurt Ryan , Schroeder Darrell R. , Chacin Suarez Audry S. , Medina Inojosa Jose R. , O’Horo John C. , DeJesus Ramona S. , Abu Lebdeh Haitham S. , Mundi Manpreet S. , Iftikhar Salma , Croghan Ivana T. 
Published: April 2021

Objective To describe the process and outcome of creating a patient cohort in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to better understand the process of and predict the outcomes of COVID-19. Patients and Methods A total of 1169 adults aged 18 years of age or older who tested positive in Mayo Clinic Rochester or the Mayo Clinic Midwest Health System between January 1 and May 23 of 2020. Results Patients were on average 43.9 years of age and 50.7% were female. Most patients were white (69.0%), and Blacks (23.4%) and Asians (5.8%) were also represented in larger numbers. Hispanics represented 16.3% of the sample. Just under half of patients were married (48.4%). Common comorbid conditions included: cardiovascular diseases (25.1%), dyslipidemia (16.0%), diabetes mellitus (11.2%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (6.6%), asthma (7.5%), and cancer (5.1%). All other comorbid conditions were less the 5% in prevalence. Data on 3 comorbidity indices are also available including the: DHHS multi-morbidity score, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Mayo Clinic COVID-19 Risk Factor Score. Conclusion In addition to managing the ever raging pandemic and growing death rates, it is equally important that we develop adequate resources for the investigation and understanding of COVID-19-related predictors and outcomes.
Globalization, de-globalization, and re-globalization: Some historical context and the impact of the COVID pandemic
Authors: Madhok Anoop 
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed many of the weaknesses in our current systems of government and commerce. In this essay, I provide some historical context to the recent era of “hyper-globalization.” I then present multiple factors—economic, social, political, technological, and governance-related—that collectively explain why globalization has peaked and is on the retreat. Following this, I use the analogy of a three-legged stool to explain the importance of recalibrating the economy, state, and society so as to realize a healthier alignment among them. Finally, I look at where globalization might be going next and the implications for firms, concluding with some lessons that we can take away from the COVID crisis. JEL CLASSIFICATION: M10, M16, M19
Talent management challenges during COVID-19 and beyond: Performance management to the rescue
Authors: Aguinis Herman , Burgi-Tian Jing 
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant talent management challenges including (a) hiring freezes and layoffs; (b) salary freezes, canceled bonuses, and pay reductions; (c) how work is done (i.e., teleworking); and (d) increased employee stress and burnout. Also, COVID-19 has made it evident that many organizations do not implement state-of-the-science performance management systems and, instead, have just performance appraisal systems that typically involve a once-a-year evaluation and review, little effort to provide feedback and coaching on an ongoing basis, little alignment between employee performance and the organization’s strategic goals, a focus on past performance only, and ownership by the human resources function instead of those rating and being rated. Thus, the lack of value contributed by the usual performance evaluation and review process is the reason why so many organizations are postponing or even completely discontinuing performance evaluations. We argue that when implemented using evidence-based recommendations, performance management (rather than appraisal) serves important administrative, strategic and communication, developmental, organizational maintenance, and documentation purposes and therefore can be particularly useful in addressing contemporary talent management challenges. We offer five recommendations on how to adapt and improve performance management that will help organizations navigate crises like COVID-19 and, just as importantly, allow them to thrive after the crisis is over: (1) measure results in addition to behaviors, (2) measure adaptive performance, (3) conduct stay interviews to retain top performers, (4) implement a multisource performance management system, and (5) collect and use performance promoter scores. JEL CLASSIFICATION: J5 Labor–Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining; M1 Business Administration; M5 Personnel Economics
Barriers in communicating medication changes at hospital discharge: Informing CancelRx design requirements
Authors: Yang Yushi , Pitts Samantha I , Chen Allen R 
Published: April 2021

Objectives This operational study aims to investigate the barriers in communicating medication changes at hospital discharge, and to inform design requirements of the CancelRx functionality to better support the communication. Methods We conducted seven semi-structured interviews with inpatient prescribers at an urban academic medical center. The interview protocol was framed from a human factors perspective, specifically the work system design approach. We took notes of the interviews and identified the initial themes of system barriers that may impact patient safety. Results Medication changes need to be communicated to multiple stakeholders. We identified two initial themes of the system barriers: the lack of an information flow that connects all the involved stakeholders, and the difficulties to communicate key pieces of information. We identified three key pieces of information that are difficult to communicate: the discontinuation reasons, the notification urgency, and the duration of changes. Conclusions While the CancelRx functionality can facilitate the communication (e.g. prescribers no longer need to call pharmacists when a medication is discontinued), enhancements are needed to address the system barriers. We proposed enhanced design requirements of the CancelRx functionality, e.g., to allow users to specify a reason for a medication discontinuation and transmit the reasons to other stakeholders, to indicate the urgency of notification, to specify the duration of a change, and to receive system status feedback .
Diabetes Self-Management Education Support Healthy Teaching Kitchen Cooking Classes Delivered Using a Telehealth Technology
Authors: Cross Samantha , Kurmas Neal , Byrne Cally , Julius Mary , Burant Christopher , Utech Anne , Aoun Arianna 
Published: April 2021

Purpose The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) among veterans with diabetes using the Healthy Teaching Kitchen (HTK) by means of telehealth communication. Methods A retrospective chart review collected data from veterans with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) that participated in the DSMES-HTK program at 2 Veterans Affairs Northeast Ohio Healthcare System facilities between February 2013 and December 2018. A factorial design was used to compare A1C data and use of clinical video telehealth from main hub to satellite site. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 25). Repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA) were performed to compare mean A1C in veterans that attended HTK at the main site versus a telehealth site. RMANOVA was also used to compare mean A1C in veterans that attended at least 1 hands-on class versus those that attended at least 1 demonstration class. Results A1C values of all groups improved over time and were sustained regardless of DSMES-HTK delivery method or location. Conclusions Sustained improvement in A1C was observed in patients that participated in both DSMES-HTK in person and via clinical video telehealth classes conducted by hub site facilitator with RDN, CDCES credential. The use of a clinical video telehealth strategy for DSMES-HTK capitalizes on limited, highly skilled, credentialed instructional team members.
Swallowing dysfunction in patients hospitalised due to a COPD exacerbation
Authors: Gonzalez Lindh Margareta , Janson Christer , Blom Johansson Monica , Jonsson Mimmi , Mälberg Emma , Allansson Elina , Holm Cecilia , Jennische Margareta , Koyi Hirsch 
Published: April 2021

ObjectivesThis cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-reported and clinically screened swallowing dysfunction (dysphagia) in COPD patients with severe exacerbations and to identify any associated factors. Findings were then compared to a control group.MethodsParticipants included 30 patients hospitalised due to a COPD exacerbation. The control group consisted of 30 adults hospitalised with acute cardiac symptoms. Data were derived from spirometry, the 150 mL timed water swallow test, a cookie swallow test and a dyspnoea questionnaire (modified Medical Research Council (mMRC)). Scores from the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) were calculated to assess patient perception of swallowing dysfunction.ResultsSelf-reported swallowing dysfunction and clinical signs thereof were more common in COPD patients than in the control group (67%versus23% and 80%versus37%, respectively; p≤0.001). Clinical signs of swallowing dysfunction in the group with acute exacerbation of COPD were associated with self-reported swallowing dysfunction (p=0.02) and xerostomia (p=0.04). Dyspnoea (mMRC ≥2) was more common among the COPD patients (90%versus47%, p<0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between lung function and self-reported dysphagia (r=−0.39, p=0.03), but not between lung function and clinically screened dysphagia (r=−0.23, p=0.21).ConclusionCOPD patients hospitalised with an acute exacerbation experienced significantly more self-reported and clinically screened swallowing dysfunction compared to a control group of patients with cardiac symptoms. Both patient groups experienced dyspnoea, but it was twice as common in the group with acute exacerbation of COPD. Both groups also experienced xerostomia.
Survival time prediction by integrating cox proportional hazards network and distribution function network
Authors: Baek Eu-Tteum , Yang Hyung Jeong , Kim Soo Hyung , Lee Guee Sang , Oh In-Jae , Kang Sae-Ryung , Min Jung-Joon 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Cox proportional hazards model is commonly used to predict hazard ratio, which is the risk or probability of occurrence of an event of interest. However, the Cox proportional hazard model cannot directly generate an individual survival time. To do this, the survival analysis in the Cox model converts the hazard ratio to survival times through distributions such as the exponential, Weibull, Gompertz or log-normal distributions. In other words, to generate the survival time, the Cox model has to select a specific distribution over time.ResultsThis study presents a method to predict the survival time by integrating hazard network and a distribution function network. The Cox proportional hazards network is adapted in DeepSurv for the prediction of the hazard ratio and a distribution function network applied to generate the survival time. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, a new evaluation metric that calculates the intersection over union between the predicted curve and ground truth was proposed. To further understand significant prognostic factors, we use the 1D gradient-weighted class activation mapping method to highlight the network activations as a heat map visualization over an input data. The performance of the proposed method was experimentally verified and the results compared to other existing methods.ConclusionsOur results confirmed that the combination of the two networks, Cox proportional hazards network and distribution function network, can effectively generate accurate survival time.
Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of putative digestive proteases in the salivary gland and gut of Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda
Authors: Shao Ensi , Song Yujuan , Wang Yaomin , Liao Yichen , Luo Yufei , Liu Sijun , Guan Xiong , Huang Zhipeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Infestation by tea green leafhoppers (Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii) can cause a series of biochemical changes in tea leaves. As a typical cell-rupture feeder, E. onukii secretes proteases while using its stylet to probe the tender shoots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis). This study identified and analyzed proteases expressed specifically in the salivary gland (SG) and gut of E. onukii through enzymatic activity assays complemented with an integrated analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data.

Results
In total, 129 contigs representing seven types of putative proteases were identified. Transcript abundance of digestive proteases and enzymatic activity assays showed that cathepsin B-like protease, cathepsin L-like protease, and serine proteases (trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like protease) were highly abundant in the gut but moderately abundant in the SG. The abundance pattern of digestive proteases in the SG and gut of E. onukii differed from that of other hemipterans, including Nilaparvata lugens, Laodelphax striatellus, Acyrthosiphum pisum, Halyomorpha halys and Nephotettix cincticeps. Phylogenetic analysis showed that aminopeptidase N-like proteins and serine proteases abundant in the SG or gut of hemipterans formed two distinct clusters.

Conclusions
Altogether, this study provides insightful information on the digestive system of E. onukii. Compared to five other hemipteran species, we observed different patterns of proteases abundant in the SG and gut of E. onukii. These results will be beneficial in understanding the interaction between tea plants and E. onukii.
Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) and its adaptation to haematophagy as revealed by transcriptome and secretome profiling
Authors: Vorel Jiří , Cwiklinski Krystyna , Roudnický Pavel , Ilgová Jana , Jedličková Lucie , Dalton John P. , Mikeš Libor , Gelnar Milan , Kašný Martin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Ectoparasites from the family Diplozoidae (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) belong to obligate haematophagous helminths of cyprinid fish. Current knowledge of these worms is for the most part limited to their morphological, phylogenetic, and population features. Information concerning the biochemical and molecular nature of physiological processes involved in host–parasite interaction, such as evasion of the immune system and its regulation, digestion of macromolecules, suppression of blood coagulation and inflammation, and effect on host tissue and physiology, is lacking. In this study, we report for the first time a comprehensive transcriptomic/secretome description of expressed genes and proteins secreted by the adult stage of Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Goto, 1891) Khotenovsky, 1985, an obligate sanguivorous monogenean which parasitises the gills of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Results
RNA-seq raw reads (324,941 Roche 454 and 149,697,864 Illumina) were generated, de novo assembled, and filtered into 37,062 protein-coding transcripts. For 19,644 (53.0%) of them, we determined their sequential homologues. In silico functional analysis of E. nipponicum RNA-seq data revealed numerous transcripts, pathways, and GO terms responsible for immunomodulation (inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes, CD59-like proteins, fatty acid binding proteins), feeding (proteolytic enzymes cathepsins B, D, L1, and L3), and development (fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, ferritin, and annexin). LC-MS/MS spectrometry analysis identified 721 proteins secreted by E. nipponicum with predominantly immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions (peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, homolog to SmKK7, tetraspanin) and ability to digest host macromolecules (cathepsins B, D, L1).

Conclusions
In this study, we integrated two high-throughput sequencing techniques, mass spectrometry analysis, and comprehensive bioinformatics approach in order to arrive at the first comprehensive description of monogenean transcriptome and secretome. Exploration of E. nipponicum transcriptome-related nucleotide sequences and translated and secreted proteins offer a better understanding of molecular biology and biochemistry of these, often neglected, organisms. It enabled us to report the essential physiological pathways and protein molecules involved in their interactions with the fish hosts.
Intraoperative transfusion practice in burned children in a university hospital over four years: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Wittenmeier Eva , Katharina Astor , Schmidtmann Irene , Griemert Eva-Verena , Kriege Marc , König Tatjana , Nina Pirlich 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Patient blood management programs should be applied to the pediatric population, but little is known about the current transfusion practice of pediatric burn injury patients. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the practice of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in children with burn injury, their predictive factors, and adherence to the German transfusion guideline.

Methods
We reviewed the RBC transfusion practice of all children younger than 8 years with burn injury who were operated during a four-year period in a German university medical center. We analyzed the data associated with transfusion and guideline conformity of transfusion triggers for RBCs from the beginning to the end of hospital stay using logistic regression.

Results
During the four-year period, 138 children (median age 21 months, minimum-maximum 9–101 months) with burn injury needed surgery, 31 children were transfused with RBCs. During their hospital stay, the median hemoglobin concentrations (Hb) of transfused and non-transfused children were 8 g/dL (6.3–11.3 g/dL) and 10.7 (7–13.8 g/dL), respectively. Total body surface area burned (TBSA) (OR = 1.17 per % TBSA, 95% CI = [1.05; 1.30], p = 0.0056), length of surgery (OR = 1.016 per minute, 95% CI = [1.003; 1.028], p = 0.0150), and Hb (OR = 0.48 per 1 g/dl in Hb, 95% CI = [0.24; 0.95], p = 0.0343) were associated with transfusion while other factors (age, gender, ASA, and catecholamines) did not show notable association. Length of stay was mainly influenced by TSBA (+ 1.38 days per %, p <  0.0001), age (+ 0.21 days per month, p = 0.0206), and administering of catecholamines (+ 14.3 days, p = 0.0118), but not by RBC transfusion. The decision to transfuse was in 23% too restrictive and in 74% too liberal according to the German guidelines.

Conclusions
Amount of TBSA, length of surgery, and Hb influenced the RBC transfusion rate in burned children. However, age and length of stay were not affected by transfusion of RBCs. In clinical practice of burned children, physicians follow a more liberal transfusion strategy than the proposed in guidelines.