bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk management processes used in determining project feasibility in the property development process early stages by Australia/New Zealand property developers
Authors: Moorhead Matthew , Armitage Lynne , Skitmore Martin 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose is to examine the risk management processes and methods used in determining project feasibility in the early stages of the property development process by Australia/New Zealand property developers, including Monte Carlo simulation, Bayesian models and real option theory embedded in long-term property development and investment decision-making as instruments for providing flexibility and managing risk, uncertainty and change.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey of 225 Australian and New Zealand trader developers, development managers, investors, valuers, fund managers and government/charities/other relating to Australia/New Zealand property development companies' decision-making processes in the early stages of the development process prior to site acquisition or project commencement – the methods used and confidence in their organisations' ability to both identify and manage the risks involved.FindingsFew of the organisations sampled use sophisticated methods; those organisations that are more likely to use such methods for conducting risk analysis include development organisations that undertake large projects, use more risk analysis methods and have more layers in their project approval process. Decision-makers have a high level of confidence in their organisation's ability to both identify and manage the risks involved, although this is not mirrored in their actual risk management processes. Although the majority of property developers have a risk management plan, less than half have implemented it, and a third need improvement.Practical implicationsProperty development organisations should incorporate more modern and sophisticated models of risk analysis to determine the uncertainty of, and risk in, a change of input variables in their financial viability appraisals. Practical application includes using such multiple techniques as what-if scenarios and probability analysis into feasibility processes and utilise these specific techniques in the pre-acquisition stages of the property development process and, specifically, in the site acquisition process to support decision-making, including a live risk register and catalogue of risks, including identification of and plans for mitigation of project risks, as a form of risk management.Originality/valueFirst study to examine the extent of the decision-making methods used by property developers in the pre-acquisition stage of the development process.
A paradigm shift in corporate social responsibility: India’s transition from mandatory regime to the COVID-19 era
Authors: Bhatia Aparna , Dhawan Amandeep 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examine the pattern of corporate social responsibility expenditure (CSRE) incurred by Indian companies after the inception of Companies Act 2013. It also highlights the resultant change brought in the corporate social responsibility (CSR) spends of the companies because of COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach
The CSR index provided by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs under Companies (CSR Policy) Rules 2014, is adopted to measure the extent of CSRE made by top 30 Indian companies listed on Bombay Stock Exchange. To study the pattern of CSRE in various domains mentioned in the CSR index, the study is conducted over four points of time. Three alternative years since the commencement of the Companies Act 2013 i.e. 2014–2015, 2016–2017 and 2018–2019 have been taken up. Additionally, the financial year 2019–2020 is included as it marks the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Findings
The findings show that the CSRE made by companies is increasing every year over all points of time taken in the study. In addition to this, Indian companies have voluntarily contributed a substantial amount towards COVID-19 relief over and above the required mandatory limits.

Practical implications
The gradual increase in CSR contributions even above the mandated amount and voluntary contribution towards COVID-19 relief by Indian companies implies that the nature of CSR in India is still philanthropic.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the CSR literature after the implementation of the mandatory CSR provisions in India and in the wake of the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 as so far there is no such study available in the extant literature.
Condition‐dependent seminal fluid gene expression and intergenerational paternal effects on ejaculate quality
Authors: Simmons Leigh W. , Ng Soon Hwee , Lovegrove Maxine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThere is increasing evidence to show that the environment experienced by fathers can have intergenerational paternal effects on the phenotype of offspring. Paternal effects can be mediated by ejaculate traits beyond the genes carried by sperm, for example through methylation of DNA during spermatogenesis, or non‐sperm components of the ejaculate such as small RNAs or seminal fluid proteins (sfps).Theory suggests that ejaculate‐mediated paternal effects can have important evolutionary consequences, especially if they exhibit condition‐dependent expression. Here we use the nutritional geometry approach to explore condition dependence in ejaculate traits and intergenerational paternal effects in the cricketTeleogryllus oceanicus.We fed males one of 24 chemically defined diets that varied in macronutrient concentration and the ratio of protein (P) to carbohydrate (C). We measured paternal expenditure on testes and accessory gland growth, and the expression of three sfp genes that are known to impact sperm viability and the survival of embryos to hatching. We also measured the hatching success and reproductive phenotypes of adult offspring.We found linear effects of P and C on testes and accessory gland mass, and linear and correlated effects of P and C on the expression of two sfp genes. Paternal diet had no effect on the survival of embryos to hatching.There were significant intergenerational effects of paternal diet on the viability of sperm produced by sons, but no paternal effects on the expression of sfp genes in sons or fecundity in daughters.Our data suggest that ejaculate quality can have a significant non‐genetic component determined by the paternal environment, which holds important implications for the evolutionary maintenance of variation in heritable male fitness.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Experiences and perceptions of ageing among older First Nations Australians: A rapid review
Authors: Yashadhana Aryati , Howie Adam , Veber Madelene , Cullen Patricia , Withall Adrienne , Lewis Ebony , McCausland Ruth , Macniven Rona , Andersen Melanie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify and describe articles reporting the experiences and perceptions of ageing among older First Nations Australians.MethodsFollowing rapid review and PRISMA guidelines, we searched five databases for peer‐reviewed articles published prior to October 2019 that reported qualitative accounts of ageing among older (≥ 45 years) First Nations Australians. Data were extracted and synthesised thematically.ResultsTwenty‐one articles were included in the final synthesis. Priorities in ageing highlighted the role of Elders, family, community, culture and connection to ancestral lands. Experiences and perceptions of ageing reflected cultural marginalisation in aged and health care services, and highlighted the importance of cultural identity, resilience and survival as key to ageing well.ConclusionsOur review suggests that mainstream ageing frameworks do not fully reflect the priorities of older First Nations Australians. This has important implications for ageing policy and the design and delivery of culturally safe aged and health care services.
Acquired palmoplantar keratoderma associated with primary biliary cholangitis: Complete and persistent resolution after ursodeoxycholic acid treatment
Authors: March‐Rodriguez Alvaro , Marcantonio Orianna , Olmos‐Alpiste Ferran , Pujol Ramon M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 57‐year‐old woman presenting an acquired and persisting palmoplantar keratoderma associated with primary biliary cholangitis is reported. Treatment with oral ursodeoxycholic acid was prescribed, and a complete and persistent resolution of skin lesions was noted. This observation seems to support that acquired palmoplantar keratoderma is an uncommon cutaneous manifestation of primary biliary cholangitis.
Fetal central nervous system anomalies according to RT‐PCR and trimester of maternal infection with Zika virus: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Sánchez Luz Ángela , Becerra‐Mojica Carlos Hernán , Rojas Mario Augusto , Díaz‐Martínez Luis Alfonso , Pérez Vera Luis Alfonso , Contreras García Gustavo Adolfo , Pinilla García Luz Stella 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionIn October 2015, an epidemic of Zika began in Colombia’s geographic areas with a high population of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. We aimed to describe the fetal brain ultrasound findings in pregnant women with active symptoms or a history of symptoms suggestive of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection.Material and methodsEligible pregnant women were tested with reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for ZIKV and followed prospectively using detailed anatomic ultrasound and transvaginal neurosonography to detect structural anomalies of the fetal central nervous system (CNS).ResultsA total of 115 symptomatic women with a positive ZIKV RT‐PCR and 55 with a negative ZIKV RT‐PCR were enrolled in the study; CNS compromise of the fetus occurred in 22% and 17%, respectively (p = 0.255). Callosal dysgenesis (14.5%) was the most frequent anomaly of the CNS, followed by microcephaly (13.6%) and neuronal migration disorders (8.3%). When symptomatic ZIKV RT‐PCR‐positive women were categorized by trimester of infection, CNS anomalies were present in 40% of first‐trimester infections, compared with 21% and 7% in second‐ and third‐trimester infections (p = 0.002). CNS anomalies were also more severe in first–trimester‐infected fetuses than in second– and third–trimester‐infected fetuses. The high prevalence of CNS anomalies in fetuses of symptomatic ZIKV RT‐PCR negative women suggests a high rate of false‐negative cases and an even higher prevalence of CNS anomalies than observed in this study.ConclusionsThe prevalence of fetal CNS anomalies was higher than previously reported in the literature for both symptomatic RT‐PCR‐positive and ‐negative pregnant women. Corpus callosum anomalies, microcephaly, neuronal migration disorders, and brain parenchymal hyperechogenicities were the most frequent CNS anomalies detected. In addition, CNS anomalies were more frequent and severe in infected fetuses during the first trimester of pregnancy than during the second or third trimester.
The use of cerium oxide nanoparticles in liver disorders: A double‐sided coin?
Authors: Attia Noha , Rostom Dina M. , Mashal Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBeing recognized as the first antioxidant nanoparticles (NPs) proposed for medicine, cerium oxide NPs (CeO2NPs) have recently gained tremendous attention for their vast biomedical applications. Nevertheless, inconsistent reports of either medical benefits or toxicity have created an atmosphere of uncertainty hindering their clinical utilization. Like other NPs advocated as a promising protective/therapeutic option, CeO2NPs are sometimes questioned as a health threat. As CeO2NPs tend to accumulate in the liver after intravenous injection, liver is known to represent the key tissue to test for their therapeutic/toxicological effects. However, more research evidence is still needed before any conclusions can be elicited about the mechanisms by which CeO2NPs could be harmful or protective/therapeutic to the liver tissue. A proper understanding of such discrepancies is warranted to plan for further modifications to mitigate any side effects. Therefore, in this MiniReview, we tried to demonstrate the two sides of the same coin, CeO2NPs, within the liver context. As well, we highlighted a few promising strategies by which the negatives of CeO2NPs could be diminished while enhancing all the positives.
Crosstalk between epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) and basolateral potassium channels (Kir4.1/Kir5.1) in the cortical collecting duct
Authors: Isaeva Elena , Bohovyk Ruslan , Fedoriuk Mykhailo , Shalygin Alexey , Klemens Christine A. , Zietara Adrian , Levchenko Vladislav , Denton Jerod S. , Staruschenko Alexander , Palygin Oleg 
Published: December 2021

Background and PurposeInwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels located on the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells of the distal nephron play a crucial role in K+ handling and BP control, making these channels an attractive target for the treatment of hypertension. The purpose of the present study was to determine how the inhibition of basolateral Kir4.1/Kir5.1 heteromeric K+ channel affects epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)‐mediated Na+ transport in the principal cells of cortical collecting duct (CCD).Experimental ApproachThe effect of fluoxetine, amitriptyline and recently developed Kir inhibitor, VU0134992, on the activity of Kir4.1, Kir4.1/Kir5.1 and ENaC were tested using electrophysiological approaches in CHO cells transfected with respective channel subunits, cultured polarized epithelial mCCDcl1 cells and freshly isolated rat and human CCD tubules. To test the effect of pharmacological Kir4.1/Kir5.1 inhibition on electrolyte homeostasis in vivo and corresponding changes in distal tubule transport, Dahl salt‐sensitive rats were injected with amitriptyline (15 mg·kg−1·day−1) for 3 days.Key ResultsWe found that inhibition of Kir4.1/Kir5.1, but not the Kir4.1 channel, depolarizes the cell membrane, induces the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration and suppresses ENaC activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that amitriptyline administration leads to a significant drop in plasma K+ level, triggering sodium excretion and diuresis.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe present data uncover a specific role of the Kir4.1/Kir5.1 channel in the modulation of ENaC activity and emphasize the potential for using Kir4.1/Kir5.1 inhibitors to regulate electrolyte homeostasis and BP.
An independent in‐depth analysis proposing adjusted Global Initiative on Asthma Step 1–2 treatment suggestions
Authors: Larenas‐Linnemann Désirée , Navarrete‐Rodríguez Elsy Maureen , Luna‐Pech Jorge A. , Benítez Rosaura , Cano‐Salas Maria Carmen , Del Rio‐Navarro Blanca E. , García‐Ramírez Ulises Noel , Gochicoa Laura , López‐Estrada Erika del Carmen , Ortega‐Martell José Antonio , Salas Hernández Jorge 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Global Initiative on Asthma (GINA) strategy included major changes for the treatment of mild asthma in the 2020 version that are even taken to the next level in 2021, leaving a preferred track with only rescue therapy with inhaled corticosteroid and formoterol (ICS‐FORM) for steps 1–2 in 12+ years old. It has been questioned how solid the evidence behind these recommendations is. We decided to independently conduct an in‐depth analysis of published evidence based on a comprehensive evaluation of original articles and related appendices and publications, including quality of evidence and risk of bias per article. We first defined the major asthma treatment goals and proceeded to review how these were met in publications referenced in the main asthma guidelines. For patients with GINA (2021) Step 1 characteristics, the analysis supports GINA's decision to avoid SABA monotherapy and to prefer ICS‐FORM rescue with an alternative ICS rescue every time a SABA is used for ≥12 years, even though evidence is extrapolated from step 2 patients. For 6‐ to 11‐year‐olds, we propose to consider ICS‐FORM rescue as an alternative, as its use has been approved in this age group, be it not as rescue medication. For patients with GINA 2021 Step 2 characteristics, our proposal slightly differs from GINA 2021. We propose to continue avoiding the separate use of SABA, using ICS rescue whenever a fast‐acting bronchodilator is taken (even with ICS maintenance). Also, the superiority of ICS‐FORM rescue over classical step 2 treatment is not uniform and year‐long experience is lacking. Consequently, for now, both treatment options seem equal: ICS‐FORM rescue or ICS maintenance with SABA (+ICS) rescue. For 6‐ to 11‐year‐olds, ICS rescue every time a SABA is used has the advantage of lower total ICS dose; as alternative we suggest ICS‐FORM rescue. The best treatment option depends on patient characteristics and treatment goals. Recommendations should be reviewed as soon as new evidence becomes available.
Successful treatment of knee erythromelalgia with topical oxymetazoline
Authors: Altemir Arcadi , Iglesias-Sancho Maribel , Barrabés-Torrella Cristina , Sanchez-Regaña Manuel , Salleras-Redonnet Montse 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Erythromelalgia is an infrequent syndrome with a profound impact on quality of life. Its management is usually challenging and multiple treatments have been reported with variable response rates. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case of erythromelalgia successfully treated with topical oxymetazoline.
High DHEAS in girls and metabolic features throughout pubertal maturation
Authors: Pereira Ana , Merino Paulina M. , Santos Jose L. , Iñiguez German , Cutler Gordon B. , Corvalan Camila , Mericq Veronica 
Published: December 2021

AbstractContextAn association between premature adrenarche and metabolic syndrome at presentation has been described. Our aim was to assess whether the presence of high dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS [HD]) at the adrenarche determines the risk of metabolic syndrome during puberty, taking into account body mass index (BMI) and birth weight.DesignProspective observational.PatientsFive hundred four girls from the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study were followed from birth through puberty. At age ~7, subjects were classified by DHEAS concentrations into the HD (>75th percentile) or normal DHEAS (ND, ≤75th percentile) subgroups.MeasurementsAnthropometrics, semiannual clinical pubertal staging and hormonal and metabolic levels. The relationships among DHEAS at age ~7, metabolic syndrome, and each of its components independently, were analyzed by linear and logistic regression models during puberty and 1‐year postmenarche, adjusted by confounders.ResultsGirls with HD at 7 years exhibited higher BMI, more central fat and higher serum androgen and insulin like growth factor (IGF)‐I levels throughout puberty. Also, girls with HD had a greater prevalence of hyperglycemia at B2 and B4 breast stages, and of low HDL at B4. At 1 year after menarche, HD girls had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome, and those with BMI > 1 SD score had a higher metabolic score and insulin levels than ND girls with similar BMI.ConclusionsOur observations suggest that girls with HD at the age of adrenarche may be at greater risk for metabolic syndrome at adolescence, especially in those who are overweight or obese. Our results emphasize the importance of lifestyle interventions for childhood overweight and obesity among girls with HD.
Rare and de novo duplications containing TCF20 are associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Lévy Jonathan , Cogan Guillaume , Maruani Anna , Maillard Arnaud , Dupont Céline , Drunat Séverine , Rachid Myriam , Atzori Paola , Delorme Richard , Jeyarajah Sabatini , Isidor Bertrand , Pichon Olivier , Moradkhani Kamran , Verloes Alain , Tabet Anne‐Claude 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTranscriptor co‐activator factor 20 gene (TCF20) encodes a nuclear chromatin‐binding protein involved in regulation of gene expression. In human pathology, pathogenic variants or deletions in TCF20 were identified in patients with developmental delay, variable intellectual disability and behavioral impairment (OMIM: 618430). The shared core phenotype includes developmental delay, hypotonia, motor delay, autism spectrum disorders, neurobehavioral anomalies, neurological features such as ataxia, seizures, movement disorders, structural brain anomalies, craniofacial features and various congenital anomalies. Most pathogenic variants are loss‐of‐function variants. Duplication including TCF20 was suspected to cause a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) with mirror traits compared to patients with TCF20 deletions. In the present study, we report three patients from three unrelated families with NDD with a de novo duplication at 22q13.2 encompassing TCF20. We propose that the TCF20 duplication could be involved in a new 22q13.2 microduplication syndrome with high penetrance, enlarging the genotype–phenotype knowledge of TCF20‐associated NDDs.
Path Guiding Using Spatio‐Directional Mixture Models
Authors: Dodik Ana , Papas Marios , Öztireli Cengiz , Müller Thomas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe propose a learning‐based method for light‐path construction in path tracing algorithms, which iteratively optimizes and samples from what we refer to as spatio‐directional Gaussian mixture models (SDMMs). In particular, we approximate incident radiance as an online‐trained 5D mixture that is accelerated by a D‐tree. Using the same framework, we approximate BSDFs as pre‐trained D mixtures, where is the number of BSDF parameters. Such an approach addresses two major challenges in path‐guiding models. First, the 5D radiance representation naturally captures correlation between the spatial and directional dimensions. Such correlations are present in, for example parallax and caustics. Second, by using a tangent‐space parameterization of Gaussians, our spatio‐directional mixtures can perform approximate product sampling with arbitrarily oriented BSDFs. Existing models are only able to do this by either foregoing anisotropy of the mixture components or by representing the radiance field in local (normal aligned) coordinates, which both make the radiance field more difficult to learn. An additional benefit of the tangent‐space parameterization is that each individual Gaussian is mapped to the solid sphere with low distortion near its centre of mass. Our method performs especially well on scenes with small, localized luminaires that induce high spatio‐directional correlation in the incident radiance.
An improved iliac lymph node method for production of monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Kobayashi Tomoe , Namba Masumi , Kohno Mayumi , Koyano Takayuki , Sado Yoshikazu , Matsuyama Makoto 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies have been applied in a wide range of biological and medical studies since the advent of cell fusion technology. Although cell fusion techniques have been improved by using myelomas and reagents, researchers still find it difficult to produce monoclonal antibodies because of the long protocols, high costs, and low efficiency of obtaining hybridomas. To solve these problems, we first developed an iliac lymph node method in 1995 using rats. In this method, an antigen emulsion is injected intramuscularly into the tail base, and then B lymphocytes are isolated from the enlarged iliac lymph nodes. This method is approximately 10 times more productive than the conventional spleen method. Here, we present further improvements to the iliac lymph node method to render it easily applicable in both mice and rats. We found that the frequency of hybridomas secreting specific antibodies was over five times higher using the electro cell fusion method than using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) fusion method. This frequency using the iliac lymph node method with electro cell fusion is at least 50 times higher than that using the traditional spleen method, thereby leading to the reduction in the number of mice or rats to be sacrificed. In addition, only a single injection for immunization is necessary for the iliac lymph node method, opposed to three for the spleen method. Therefore, this method is rapid, inexpensive, and ethical for producing monoclonal antibodies.