bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal input for language development: Tailor nurture to nature
Authors: He Angela Xiaoxue 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn acquiring a native language, the input children receive, to an unneglectable extent, shapes the rate of acquisition and the ultimate achievement. This in turn has cascading effects on many aspects of later development, including but not limited to language. Providing optimal input for early language development, therefore, is of major interest to scientists, parents, and educators. This thought paper highlights two less‐discussed factors in the formula of optimal input—the balance between input quantity and quality, and the timing of input provision. Correspondingly, two points are made: first, given significant limitations in processing abilities in early development, increased quality is sometimes achieved via decreased quantity; second, endowed with a sleep‐mediated memory consolidation system, input provision should consider “sleep” as a reference point in timing. Both points boil down to a central theme that nurture (i.e., input) should be tailored to suit nature; in particular, optimal input should take best advantage of the endowments provided by our nature (e.g., sleep to consolidate memory) and to circumvent the limitations set by nature (e.g., processing limitations).
Highlighting strengths and resources that increase ownership of cervical cancer screening for Indigenous communities in Northern British Columbia: Community‐driven approaches
Authors: Dick Alexanne , Holyk Travis , Taylor Darlene , Wenninger Charlotte , Sandford Judith , Smith Laurie , Ogilvie Gina , Thomlinson Alexandra , Mitchell‐Foster Sheona 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the unique and diverse strengths held by rural and remote Indigenous communities in northern British Columbia, including multi‐generational support systems in health and wellness, profound connections to the land, and strong cultural foundations, and harness these strengths, allowing communities to engage in innovative and empowering health and wellness programs.MethodsBuilding on these pre‐existing and fundamental strengths, an alternative option to cervical cancer screening was introduced to nine Carrier Sekani health centers located in northern interior British Columbia in response to disparities in screening rates. Introduced in 2019, CervixCheck uses a self‐collection approach that is private, safe, convenient, and offered at local community health centers by trained and supportive health staff.ResultsUsing a strengths‐based and community directed and descriptive approach, the process was outlined for a successful and ongoing health screening opportunity that is put into the hands of community members within Indigenous communities in the region of northern British Columbia.ConclusionThrough collaborative partnerships, in‐person engagement sessions, and the utilization of pre‐existing infrastructure and health and wellness teams, this project was successfully integrated into primary care centers using culturally safe and community‐based approaches.
Disconnected perspectives: Patient and care provider's experiences of substance use in pregnancy
Authors: Mitchell‐Foster Sheona M. , Emon Carolyn E. , Brouwer Maria , Duncan Elder Lucille , King Jessie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveGenerations of colonialism, abuse, racism, and systemic trauma have contributed to Indigenous women in Canada bearing the greatest burden of substance use in pregnancy. Stigma associated with substance use in pregnancy translates into multiple barriers to women engaging in care. Care providers have key interactions that can act as a bridge or a barrier to care.MethodsPatient journey maps were created for women living with substance use (n = 3) and semi‐structured interviews (n = 20) were performed to understand perceptions of maternity‐care providers around women with substance use in pregnancy at a regional hospital in northern British Columbia.ResultsPatient journey maps showed overall emotions of hurt, loss, judgment, and anger at their interface with health care during pregnancy. Providers described gaps in knowledge of substance use in pregnancy and harm reduction. Although care providers overall perceived themselves to be providing compassionate care without bias, the patient journey maps suggested profound judgment on behalf of providers.ConclusionOngoing cultural humility and trauma‐informed care training along the continuum of care is critical to impacting discrepancies between perceived lack of bias and harm in patient interactions. Acknowledgment of systemic racism's impact on provision of maternity care is critical for health system change.
Serum biomarkers of isoniazid‐induced liver injury: Aminotransferases are insufficient, and OPN, L‐FABP and HMGB1 can be promising novel biomarkers
Authors: Cheng Xuan , Zhu Jia‐lian , Li Yun , Luo Wen‐wen , Xiang Huai‐rong , Zhang Qi‐zhi , Peng Wen‐xing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIsoniazid (INH)‐induced liver injury is a great challenge for tuberculosis treatment. Existing biomarkers cannot accurately determine the occurrence of this injury in the early stage. Therefore, developing early specific sensitive biomarkers of INH‐induced liver injury is urgent. A rat model of liver injury was established with gastric infusion of INH or INH plus rifampicin (RFP). We examined seven potential novel serum biomarkers, namely, glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), liver‐fatty acid‐binding protein (L‐FABP), high‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB1), macrophage colony‐stimulating factor receptor (MCSF1R), osteopontin (OPN), total cytokeratin 18 (K18), and caspase‐cleaved cytokeratin‐18 (ccK18), to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity on INH‐induced liver injury. With the increase of drug dosage, combining with RFP and prolonging duration of administration, the liver injury was aggravated, showing as decreased weight of the rats, upgraded liver index and oxidative stress level, and histopathological changes of liver becoming marked. But the activity of serum aminotransferases decreased significantly. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve of OPN, L‐FABP, HMGB1, MCSF1R, and GLDH was 0.88, 0.87, 0.85, 0.71, and 0.70 (≥0.7), respectively, and 95% confidence interval of them did not include 0.5, with statistical significance, indicating their potential abilities to become biomarkers of INH‐induced liver injury. In conclusion, we found traditional biomarkers ALT and AST were insufficient to discover the INH‐induced liver injury accurately and OPN, L‐FABP, and HMGB1 can be promising novel biomarkers.
Extended depth of focus ultraviolet imaging compared with laser scanning confocal microscopy for the study of micro‐Arthropoda surface texture, with the description of a new species of Brachypodopsis (Acari: Hydrachnidia)
Authors: Valdecasas Antonio G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVisualization and representation are two processes at the core of basic biodiversity studies. Visualization involves the examination, sorting, and evaluation of similarities and differences among specimens by specialists who then assign them to the same or different species. It is a cognitive process. Representing involves transmitting the knowledge obtained in the first step to others, usually specialists of the group under study, generally through written descriptions aided by representative drawings and/or images. In this work, I describe a new species of water mite, Brachypodopsis guillermoi n. sp. (Acari, Hydrachnidia), from the island of Coiba off the Pacific coast of Panama, using both laser scanning confocal microscopy and extended depth of focus microscopy with visible (wavelength: 400–700 nm) and ultraviolet (wavelength: 365 nm) light. A comparison of the surface texture representation obtained from these imaging methods suggests that extended depth of focus ultraviolet microscopy can be a cost‐effective alternative to laser scanning confocal microscopy for the description of exoskeletal features of micro‐arthropods.
Role of extracellular vesicles in atherosclerosis: An update
Authors: Coly Pierre-Michaël , Boulanger Chantal M 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane particles released by most cell types in response to different stimuli. They are composed of a lipid bilayer that encloses a wide range of bioactive material, including proteins and nucleic acids. EVs have garnered increasing attention over recent years, as their role in intercellular communication has been brought to light. As such, they have been found to regulate pathophysiologic pathways like inflammation, angiogenesis, or senescence, and are therefore implicated in key aspects atherosclerosis initiation and progression. Interestingly, EVs appear to have a multifaceted role; depending on their cargo, they can either facilitate or hamper the development of atherosclerotic lesions. In this review, we examine how EVs of varying origins may be implicated in the different phases of atherosclerotic lesion development. We also discuss the need to standardize isolation and analysis procedures to fully fulfil their potential as biomarkers and therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases.
Projecting climate change in South America using variable‐resolution Community Earth System Model: An application to Chile
Authors: Bambach Nicolas E. , Rhoades Alan M. , Hatchett Benjamin J. , Jones Andrew D. , Ullrich Paul A. , Zarzycki Colin M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe introduce variable‐resolution enabled Community Earth System Model (VR‐CESM) results simulating historical and future climate conditions at 28 km over South America and 14 km over the Andes. Three 30‐year simulations are performed: a historic (1985–2014), a near future (2030–2059), and an end‐century (2070–2099) simulation under the RCP8.5 scenario. Historic results compare favourably to several temperature and precipitation reanalysis products, though local biases are present, particularly during austral summer. Future simulations highlight broad warming patterns (+3–6°C by end‐century) and heterogeneous precipitation responses across South America that qualitatively agree with prior modelling efforts. Our results reveal that the interaction between temperature and precipitation changes produce shifts in several Köppen–Geiger climates. Notable changes include the near‐elimination of the Andean Tundra or Alpine climates, a 15% decrease in Tropical Rainforests and a Tropical Savannah expansion of 20%. To provide a regionally focused analysis of projected climate change and to illustrate the benefits of variable resolution modelling, we analyse changes in the magnitude and trend in seasonal and daily temperature and precipitation in Chile. We also examined several metrics [e.g., snow water equivalent (SWE), temperatures on wet days, and days below 0°C] to evaluate potential impacts of climate change on the Chilean cryosphere between the end‐of‐century and historic periods, finding wide‐ranging indications of cryospheric decline. These changes are interpreted through reductions in the timing (1–2.5 months earlier peak SWE) and magnitude (200–1,000 mm SWE decreases) of water stored as snow in the Andes, a 10–30% decrease in number of cool season wet days with temperatures below 1°C, and 50–200 fewer days (annually) with minimum temperatures below 0°C. Our aim in producing a high‐resolution dataset of climate projections from VR‐CESM is to support analyses of climate change throughout South America but especially in vulnerable montane regions and to provide additional results for comparison with previous, ongoing, and upcoming modelling efforts.
Variation in the Diet of Ducks During Spring Migration
Authors: Hitchcock Arthur N. , Schultheis Richard , Straub Jacob N. , Coluccy John M. , Yerkes Tina , Eichholz Michael W. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBecause management practices that promote the production of plant foods may differ from management practices that promote the production of aquatic invertebrates, a thorough understanding of the diet is needed to develop management strategies for various stages of the annual cycle for dabbling and diving ducks. Diet of dabbling (tribe Anatini) and diving (tribe Aythyini) ducks during breeding, autumn migration, and winter has been documented. Our goal was to estimate and compare the diet of blue‐winged teal (Spatula discors), gadwall (Mareca strepera), mallard (Anas platyrhyncos), lesser scaup (Aythya affinis), and ring‐necked duck (Aythya collaris) during spring migration in the Mississippi Flyway in the United States and evaluate variation among species. We collected 919 ducks for diet analysis from multiple wetlands at 6 sites across 4 states during the spring migration of 2006 and 2007. We collected ≥10 individuals of each species at each of the 6 study sites except we collected only 1 gadwall at the Scioto River site and 2 lesser scaup at the Cache River site. We detected that the proportion of plant and animal material in foods of each spring migrating duck species was in general intermediate of that found in wintering and breeding birds. Furthermore, the proportion of plant and animal material in the diet of species varied even among closely related species, indicating species are partitioning food sources along a protein‐carbohydrate gradient during spring migration. We recommend that resources for ducks be managed to provide diverse wetlands to support the varied diets of even closely related species. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Application and Efficiency of Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange in Laryngeal Microsurgery
Authors: Huh Gene , Min Seihee , Cho Sung‐Dong , Cho Youn Joung , Kwon Seong Keun 
Published: September 2021

Objectives/HypothesisThis study aimed to analyze the feasibility of transnasal humidified rapid‐insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) during laryngeal microsurgery (LMS) and investigated its efficiency and application according to the location of the lesion.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsPatients over 20 years of age who underwent LMS without underlying cardiac, pulmonary, or cerebrovascular disease were retrospectively reviewed. Overall, 54 patients with endotracheal intubation (ETI) and 44 patients with THRIVE were included. The operation and anesthesia time, induction and emergence time, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and transcutaneous carbon dioxide (TcCO2) levels were analyzed and compared between the two ventilation methods according to disease subsite.ResultsCompared with ETI, patients with THRIVE presented reduced operation time (16.3 ± 9.69 min vs. 21.9 ± 12.0 min), anesthesia time (33.6 ± 11.4 min vs. 45.4 ± 13.9 min), emergence time (6.73 ± 2.49 min vs. 8.52 ± 3.17 min), without significant decreases in SpO2 but with increased TcCO2 (10.9 ± 6.12% vs. 7.33 ± 3.86%). Comparing THRIVE to ETI for lesions at the glottis yielded similar findings, which were particularly more significant. However, lesions above the glottis presented no significant difference for any parameters between THRIVE and ETI groups. Lesions involving multiple subsites and prolonged operation time were risk factors for the intraoperative conversion of ventilation method.ConclusionTHRIVE is reliable for maintaining oxygenation during LMS and is efficient in reducing the operation and emergence times, leading to shorter anesthesia time, especially for lesions at the glottis. However, caution is required administering THRIVE, when lesion involves multiple subsites, and when operation time is prolonged.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1061–1068, 2022
Subcutaneous Levodopa Infusion for Parkinson's Disease: 1‐Year Data from the Open‐Label BeyoND Study
Authors: Poewe Werner , Stocchi Fabrizio , Arkadir David , Ebersbach Georg , Ellenbogen Aaron L. , Giladi Nir , Isaacson Stuart H. , Kieburtz Karl , LeWitt Peter , Olanow C. Warren , Simuni Tanya , Thomas Astrid , Zlotogorski Abraham , Adar Liat , Case Ryan , Oren Sheila , Fuchs Orenbach Shir , Rosenfeld Olivia , Sasson Nissim , Yardeni Tami , Espay Alberto J. ,   and for the BeyoND study group
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundContinuous, subcutaneous (SC) levodopa/carbidopa infusion with ND0612 is under development as a treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and motor fluctuations.ObjectiveEvaluate 1‐year safety data.MethodsBeyoND is an open‐label study evaluating the long‐term safety of two ND0612 dosing regimens.ResultsOf the 214 enrolled patients (24‐hour SC infusion: n = 90; 16‐hour SC infusion: n = 124), 120 (56%) completed 12 months of treatment. Leading causes for study discontinuation were consent withdrawal (19.6%) and adverse events (17.3%). Rates of discontinuation were reduced from 49% to 29% after a protocol revision and retraining. Systemic safety was typical for PD patients treated with levodopa/carbidopa. Most patients experienced infusion site reactions, particularly nodules (30.8%) and hematoma (25.2%), which were judged mostly mild to moderate and led to discontinuation in only 10.3% of the participants.ConclusionsSubcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa continuous infusion with ND0612 is generally safe, with typical infusion site reactions for SC delivery as the main adverse event. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
How well do atmospheric reanalyses reproduce observed winds in coastal regions of Mexico?
Authors: Thomas Simon R. , Nicolau Susie , Martínez‐Alvarado Oscar , Drew Daniel J. , Bloomfield Hannah C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAtmospheric reanalyses are widely used for understanding the past and present climate. They have become increasingly used within the renewable energy sector for assessing wind and solar resources for different regions of the globe in conjunction with observations. Mexico is a country with considerable potential for wind energy production, especially around coastal sites and therefore the characterization of wind resource in these areas of the country is imperative for the most beneficial use of these resources. In this study, we assess how well three global reanalyses, namely ERA‐Interim, ERA5 and MERRA‐2, can reproduce wind observations at a number of key sites across the country. We find that the reanalyses' ability to reproduce these observations is highly variable between different regions in Mexico. Correlation coefficients are around 0.9 in the south of the country where the winds are strongest, but much lower (around 0.5) in Baja California Sur due to the complex coastal topography of the region. ERA5 outperforms ERA‐Interim and MERRA‐2 consistently across the vast majority of sites and so this reanalysis is recommended for local wind power studies. The consistently improved performance compared with ERA‐Interim shows the value of the increased spatial resolution of ERA5. However, in the south and east of Mexico, despite having the highest correlations, ERA5 also has the largest bias, meaning that it underestimates winds consistently across most of the country. Poor correlations between ERA5 and the observations in Veracruz are considered as a case study to understand potential drivers of low wind biases.
Xanthohumol Requires the Intestinal Microbiota to Improve Glucose Metabolism in Diet‐Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Logan Isabelle E. , Shulzhenko Natalia , Sharpton Thomas J. , Bobe Gerd , Liu Kitty , Nuss Stephanie , Jones Megan L. , Miranda Cristobal L. , Vasquez‐Perez Stephany , Pennington Jamie M. , Leonard Scott W. , Choi Jaewoo , Wu Wenbin , Gurung Manoj , Kim Joyce P. , Lowry Malcolm B. , Morgun Andrey , Maier Claudia S. , Stevens Jan F. , Gombart Adrian F. 
Published: September 2021

ScopeThe polyphenol xanthohumol (XN) improves dysfunctional glucose and lipid metabolism in diet‐induced obesity animal models. Because XN changes intestinal microbiota composition, the study hypothesizes that XN requires the microbiota to mediate its benefits.Methods and ResultsTo test the hypothesis, the study feeds conventional and germ‐free male Swiss Webster mice either a low‐fat diet (LFD, 10% fat derived calories), a high‐fat diet (HFD, 60% fat derived calories), or a high‐fat diet supplemented with XN at 60 mg kg−1body weight per day (HXN) for 10 weeks, and measure parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism. In conventional mice, the study discovers XN supplementation decreases plasma insulin concentrations and improves Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA‐IR). In germ‐free mice, XN supplementation fails to improve these outcomes. Fecal sample 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis suggests XN supplementation changes microbial composition and dramatically alters the predicted functional capacity of the intestinal microbiota. Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota metabolizes XN into bioactive compounds, including dihydroxanthohumol (DXN), an anti‐obesogenic compound with improved bioavailability.ConclusionXN requires the intestinal microbiota to mediate its benefits, which involves complex diet‐host‐microbiota interactions with changes in both microbial composition and functional capacity. The study results warrant future metagenomic studies which will provide insight into complex microbe‐microbe interactions and diet‐host‐microbiota interactions.
Multiresolution Daubechies finite wavelet domain method for transient dynamic wave analysis in elastic solids
Authors: Nastos Christos V. , Saravanos Dimitris A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe multiresolution capability provided by the family of Daubechies wavelets is exploited to develop a new computational approach, termed as multiresolution finite wavelet domain method for the fast and hierarchical prediction of transient dynamic problems with focus on wave propagation in one‐ and two‐dimensional structural configurations. In the developed method, both scaling and wavelet functions are employed as basis functions for the approximation of displacements in the governing dynamic equations. Because of the orthogonal and the multiresolution properties of Daubechies wavelets, a two‐scale system of mass uncoupled dynamic equations, representing the coarse and the fine spatial wave component solutions is derived. Numerical results concerning wave propagation in one‐ and two‐dimensional elastic structures demonstrate substantial computational gains of the method in comparison with other well‐established numerical methods. Moreover, additional benefits of the involved coarse and fine solutions enabling the analysis and characterization of the resultant wave response are revealed and discussed.
Impact of leadership development and facilitated peer coaching on women's individual, collective, and organizational behaviors in human services
Authors: Hopkins Karen , Meyer Megan , Afkinich Jenny , Bialobrzeski Eva , Perry Venessa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe future health of the human service nonprofit sector depends largely upon its ability to train a diverse generation of emerging and current leaders (Araque & Weiss, 2019, Oxford University Press). To successfully meet this challenge, leadership development programs must ensure equitable access to training and equip participants, especially women, to not just develop a leadership mindset, but apply the knowledge and skills they gain to change behaviors and organizational practices (Araque & Weiss, 2019, Oxford University Press). We examine the experiences of a sample of racially diverse (56% of color and 44% White) women human service professionals across the first 5 years of a leadership development program and highlight the impact of their leadership learning and coaching on changes in individual and organizational behaviors. Data were collected through a Qualtrics online survey of 76 of 96 (79% response rate) women participants and two interviews with women coaches who facilitated multiple peer coaching circles. Results show the value and benefits of leadership learning and coaching on women's mindset and work behaviors. As participants moved from learning to action, they applied a range of new ways of behaving and performing, which they perceived had an impact on their organizations' practices and members.