bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty and Infection in Solid‐Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Taimur Sarah , Ison Michael G. , Baddley John W. , Abidi Maheen Z. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe association between frailty and infection in the transplant population is not well understood. Emerging data suggests that frailty at the time of transplant is associated with increased infection risk in liver and older kidney transplant recipients.MethodsThe authors conducted a brief electronic survey of transplant infectious disease (TID) clinicians, to assess clinical practice trends on frailty assessment.ResultsAmong survey participants, only 40% reported a routine assessment of frailty in transplant candidates and recipients at their institutions, most commonly in liver transplant patients. The majority of respondents (77%) reported not being routinely involved in making clinical decisions utilizing frailty information. Seventy‐one percent reported interest in the study of frailty in relation to infections in the transplant host.ConclusionIn this survey of TID clinicians, less than half reported a formal frailty assessment for candidates and recipients at their institutions. TID clinicians are mostly not involved in making clinical decisions related to frailty; however, the majority endorsed interest in frailty and infection research. We need future studies to enhance our understanding of the emerging data on the association between frailty and infection risk in the transplant host.
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NbNAC1 enhances plant immunity against TMV by regulating isochorismate synthase 1 expression and the SA pathway
Authors: Zhu Feng , Li Kainan , Cao Mengyao , Zhang Qiping , Zhou Yangkai , Chen Huan , AlKhazindar Maha , Ji Zhaolin 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYSalicylic acid (SA) plays important roles in plant local and systemic resistance. Isochorismate synthase 1 (ICS1) is a key enzyme in SA synthesis. Pathogens infection triggered the ICS1 expression and induced SA production. However, the molecular regulation mechanism of ICS1 against virus infection remains unclear. Here, we employed molecular genetics and physiobiochemical approaches to confirm a transcription factor NbNAC1 from Nicotiana benthamiana is a positive regulator of resistance against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The pathways NbNAC1 and NbICS1 can be triggered by TMV infection. Silencing NbNAC1 accelerated TMV‐induced oxidative damage and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. It also weakened both local and systemic resistance against TMV and decreased the expression of NbICS1, SA signaling gene NbNPR1, and SA defense‐related genes. The effects of NbNAC1‐silencing were restored by overexpression of NbICS1 or foliar SA applications. Overexpressing NbNAC1 prevented oxidative damage and reduced the production of ROS, enhanced plant resistance against viral pathogen, and activated NbICS1 expression, and SA downstream signaling and defense‐related genes. NbNAC1 localized in nuclear and emerged the ability of transcriptional regulation. ChIP and EMSA results indicated that NbNAC1 directly binds to a fragment containing GAAATT motif of NbICS1 promoter. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that NbNAC1 activates NbICS1 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that NbNAC1 plays a critical role in plant immunity through activation of SA production.
Exploring How Soccer Players With Perfectionism Navigate Challenges in Talent Pathways
Authors: Donachie Tracy C. , Mallinson-Howard Sarah H. , Hill Andrew P. , Tamminen Katherine A. 
Published: February 2025

The study provides a qualitative exploration of how soccer players reporting perfectionism navigate challenges in talent pathways. Eighteen players (10 females, eight males, Mage = 16.17 years, SD = 3.47) from talent pathways with higher levels of perfectionism and perfectionistic cognitions (1SD above the mean of samples from previous studies) participated in semistructured one-to-one interviews. Using semantic thematic analysis, seven themes were identified: cycles of anxiety, sadness at being a substitute, self-criticism and hopelessness during slumps, ruminating on mistakes, worthless when injured, shame in success and intolerance of defeat, and psychological distress. Participants experienced heightened anxiety, especially when substituted, and responded to poor performance, mistakes, and injuries with self-criticism and unhelpful emotions. Postmatch, they ruminated over both success and defeat, with some reporting extreme psychological difficulties. The findings highlight how aspiring soccer players perceived perfectionism as a barrier to overcoming challenges, hindering both their performance and well-being.
Exploring experiences of less-than-full-time postgraduate medical training in Ireland and options for future improvement: a qualitative study
Authors: Matthews Ciara , Beecham Gabriel Blankson , Khan Majid , Judge Gillian , Afrasinei Manuela , McCormack Martin , Hanley Karena 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesIrish healthcare has struggled with attrition and emigration. Reasons include long working hours and work–life balance. Worldwide interest in less-than-full-time (LTFT) postgraduate medical training is increasing. Potential benefits include cost savings, reduced burn-out and improved patient safety; potential difficulties include maintaining service provision and negative perceptions from colleagues. This study aimed to examine experiences, awareness and attitudes towards LTFT training in Ireland, to identify potential improvements.DesignThis prospective qualitative study used semistructured interviews. Interview participants were selected by volunteering in response to advertisements and by purposeful sampling. Data were coded and compiled into key themes, with the sample size determined by code saturation.SettingThis study took place across a number of rural and urban centres in Ireland, including secondary and tertiary hospitals, administrative departments and postgraduate training offices.Participants29 participants were interviewed. Recruitment targeted doctors of varying levels and specialties (both in training and non-training posts), medical educators and other individuals involved in postgraduate medical training, such as training administrators and medical manpower managers.Primary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures include awareness of LTFT training in Ireland, satisfaction with it and its effectiveness in supporting career, service provision and training requirements.ResultsAwareness of LTFT training was poor. Training structures were seen as inflexible. Trainees preferred higher whole-time-equivalent (WTE) hours, such as 70%–80% WTE, which may present administrative challenges. Participants felt LTFT training would have little impact on service provision. Some feared that LTFT training might affect career progression and competency, but participants with experience of LTFT training disagreed. Many felt that making LTFT training mainstream would foster positive attitudes.ConclusionsPotential improvements to LTFT training include increasing administrative and medical staff support, accommodating higher WTE percentages and providing liaison officers. Focused improvement of LTFT training could contribute to the welfare of doctors in postgraduate training.
Schrödinger equation in higher-dimensional curved space: a test for the existence of higher dimensions in the quantum realm
Authors: Mazharimousavi S. Habib 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
By considering the possibility of higher dimensions for nonrelativistic quantum particles, we rederive the Schrödinger equation (SE) for such particles in a (d-1)-dimensional curved space embedded within a d-dimensional flat space. This approach generalizes de Costa’s formalism, which describes a nonrelativistic quantum particle confined to a two-dimensional curved surface embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space. The original d-dimensional SE is separated into two parts: a one-dimensional global SE, which includes a confining potential to ensure the particle’s wavefunction does not propagate into the extra dimension, and a (d-1)-dimensional local SE. The local equation reveals an induced geometric potential, a distinctive feature arising from the presence of higher dimensions. This provides a hypothetical framework for probing the existence of higher-dimensional spaces. We apply this formalism to curved spaces generated by massive central objects, such as black holes or stars, and specifically revisit the behavior of a quantum particle near the Ellis wormhole.
Electrodeposition of Cu-Bi Alloys from a Non-Aqueous Solution for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2
Authors: Wu Minxian , zhang xianxian , xu yulan , cheng xinlei , wang wenchang , Mitsuzaki Naotoshi , min zhiyao , chen zhidong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (ERCO2) is one of the potential strategies for achieving carbon neutrality while producing carbon-based materials. Bi is a promising electrocatalyst for high-selectivity electrocatalytic production of formate. Electrochemical deposition is a facile method to prepare binder-free catalytic electrodes for CO2 reduction. In this work, Cu-Bi alloys were electrodeposited from ethylene glycol. The electrochemical behaviors of Cu(II) and Bi(III) in ethylene glycol were studied and the effects of deposition potential, electrolyte composition and deposition temperature on film composition and morphology have been investigated. The electrodeposited Cu1-xBix alloys were applied as the cathode for electrochemical reduction CO2. The results illustrate that an increase in Bi content enhanced the selectivity and formation rate of formic acid. As the atomic ratio of Cu : Bi was 0.66 : 0.34, the highest FEHCOOH of 98% was achieved at −0.9237 V vs. RHE, and the formation rate of formic acid reached 90.63 μmol h-1 cm-2.
Prognostic Relevance of Type 4a Myocardial Infarction and Periprocedural Myocardial Injury in Patients With Non–ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Armillotta Matteo , Bergamaschi Luca , Paolisso Pasquale , Belmonte Marta , Angeli Francesco , Sansonetti Angelo , Stefanizzi Andrea , Bertolini Davide , Bodega Francesca , Amicone Sara , Canton Lisa , Fedele Damiano , Suma Nicole , Impellizzeri Andrea , Tattilo Francesco Pio , Cavallo Daniele , Di Iuorio Ornella , Ryabenko Khrystyna , Rinaldi Andrea , Ghetti Gabriele , Saia Francesco , Marrozzini Cinzia , Casella Gianni , Rucci Paola , Foà Alberto , Pizzi Carmine 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI) with or without type 4a myocardial infarction (MI) might occur in patients with non–ST-segment–elevation MI (NSTEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study investigated the incidence and prognostic relevance of these events, according to current definitions, in patients with NSTEMI undergoing PCI. The best cardiac troponin I (cTnI) threshold of PMI for prognostic stratification is also suggested.

METHODS:
Consecutive patients with NSTEMI from January 2017 to April 2022 undergoing PCI with stable or falling pre-PCI cTnI levels were enrolled. According to the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction, the study population was stratified into those experiencing (1) PMI with type 4a MI, (2) PMI without type 4a MI, or (3) no PMI. Post-PCI cTnI increase >20% with an absolute postprocedural value of ≥5 times the 99th percentile upper reference limit within 48 hours after PCI was used to define PMI. The primary end point was 1-year all-cause mortality, and the secondary end point consisted of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year, including all-cause mortality, nonfatal reinfarction, urgent revascularization, nonfatal ischemic stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure. Internal validation was performed in patients enrolled between May 2022 and April 2023.

RESULTS:
Among 1412 patients with NSTEMI undergoing PCI with stable or falling cTnI levels at baseline, 240 (17%) experienced PMI with type 4a MI, 288 (20.4%) experienced PMI without type 4a MI, and 884 (62.6%) experienced no PMI. PMI was associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes, with patients with type 4a MI demonstrating the highest rates of 1-year all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events. A post-PCI ΔcTnI >20% but ≤40% showed similar outcomes to patients without PMI, whereas >40% was identified as the optimal threshold for prognostically relevant PMI, confirmed in an internal validation cohort of 305 patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
Periprocedural ischemic events were frequent in patients with NSTEMI undergoing PCI with prognostic implications. A post-PCI ΔcTnI >40%, combined with an absolute postprocedural value of ≥5 times the 99th percentile upper reference limit, was identified as the optimal threshold for diagnosing prognostically relevant PMI. Recognizing these events may improve risk stratification and management of patients with NSTEMI.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries in Japan: Insights From the Miyagi Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry Study
Authors: Hao Kiyotaka , Takahashi Jun , Sato Koichi , Fukui Kento , Shindo Tomohiko , Oyama Kazuma , Nishimiya Kensuke , Godo Shigeo , Shiroto Takashi , Shimokawa Hiroaki , Yasuda Satoshi 
Published: February 2025

Background
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) are not fully understood, particularly in Japan.

Methods and Results

We enrolled a total of 8881 patients with acute MI from the Miyagi Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry Study (2012–2020), with a median age of 69 years. Among them, 239 patients (2.7%) were diagnosed with MINOCA. Compared with those with MI with obstructive coronary artery disease (MI‐CAD), patients with MINOCA were more often women, had a higher incidence of non–ST‐segment–elevation MI and a lower prevalence of dyslipidemia. Compared with patients with MI‐CAD, patients with MINOCA in all age groups (<59, 60–69, 70–79, >80 years of age) had a higher incidence of non–ST‐segment–elevation MI. Additionally, those ≤59 years of age were more often women and had a lower prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia. In‐hospital mortality increased with age in patients with MI‐CAD (3.9% for <59 years of age, 5.6% for 60–69 years of age, 8.3% for 70–79 years of age, and 15.2% for >80 years of age;
P
<0.01), but not in patients with MINOCA (4.5%, 7.4%, 6.0%, and 9.6%, respectively;
P
=0.36). Compared with patients with MI‐CAD, patients with MINOCA had lower in‐hospital mortality for Killip class IV (40.7% versus 20.0%; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.31 [95% CI, 0.10–0.94];
P
=0.04) and renal dysfunction (20.0% versus 7.1%; adjusted OR, 0.29 [95% CI, 0.09–0.96];
P
=0.04).

Conclusions
Patients with MINOCA exhibit distinct clinical characteristics and outcomes compared with those with MI‐CAD, particularly in terms of age, sex, prevalence of comorbidities, and in‐hospital mortality. These findings underscore the importance of tailored clinical approaches for patients with MINOCA.
Improving the employment in less-developed areas through low-carbon city pilot policy: A study on old revolutionary areas in China
Authors: Wang Zhonghua , Gong Zeyi , Zhou Fengxiu 
Published: February 2025

Objectives Understanding approaches to promoting green development as well as to increasing employment in old revolutionary areas from the perspective of the “dual carbon” goals is important and, hence, needs to be studied. Methods Using city and enterprise panel data from 2007 to 2019, this study used a differential model to assess the impact of China's low-carbon city pilot policies on employment in old revolutionary base areas. Results The results showed that the low-carbon city pilot policies could significantly reduce the carbon emissions of old revolutionary base areas as well as significantly promote an improvement in employment levels. Specifically, low-carbon policies could promote the green technological innovation of enterprises and optimize the industrial structure through both output effects and factor-substitution effects to create more jobs. In addition, the impact of low-carbon city pilot policies on employment in different industries and factor intensity was heterogeneous, and the employment promotion effect was more significant in low-energy industries and non-labor-intensive enterprises. Conclusions The research results can enrich the theoretical basis of regional development planning in China, and provide important references that can be used to both stabilize the employment of residents and promote high-quality development in underdeveloped areas.
Antithrombotic therapies for patients with acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis following endovenous recanalization: A single-center study and literature review
Authors: Skeik Nedaa , Li Rina , Cravero Ellen , Engstrom Bjorn , Manunga Jesse 
Published: February 2025

Objectives There is no consensus regarding the optimal antithrombotic therapy following endovenous recanalization. We aim to assess the effectiveness of anticoagulant, antiplatelet, or combination therapy to provide evidence-based recommendations for antithrombotic therapy following interventional procedures. Methods An Institutional Review Board approved, retrospective study of patients presented to our facility with iliofemoral venous thrombosis requiring thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy with or without venous angioplasty/stenting between January 1, 2010 and April 1, 2023. Incidence of vein or stent patency, thrombosis, and bleeding were considered primary endpoints and were compared between patients on anticoagulant, antiplatelet, or combination therapies at each post-interventional surveillance, up to five visits. Results The cohort yielded 128 patients, including 116 adults and 12 minors. We identified a notable trend in the post-recanalization medical routines of patients: those initially prescribed combination therapy post-procedure eventually transitioned to either exclusive anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. The initial combination antithrombotic therapy was associated with trends towards higher vein patency (59% vs 47% with anticoagulant vs 25% antiplatelet, p = .3), less recurrent vein and stent thrombosis (46% vs 54% with anticoagulants vs 100% antiplatelet, p = .10), and overall low major bleeding complications (3.2% vs 6.8% anticoagulant, p = .5) at first follow-up compared to those on anticoagulant or antiplatelet regimens alone. Conclusion Although the optimal post-interventional antithrombotic therapy remains uncertain, combination therapy was associated with trends towards higher vein patency and lower recurrent thrombosis, with low overall major bleeding complications at the first follow-up visit following interventions. Future studies encompassing larger and more diverse populations are essential to corroborate the findings presented in this report and offer valuable insights for optimizing the management of patients with this condition.
The Effect of Patient Decision Aid Attributes on Patient Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis of a Systematic Review
Authors: Stacey Dawn , Carley Meg , Gunderson Janet , Hsieh Shu-Ching , Kelly Shannon E. , Lewis Krystina B. , Smith Maureen , Volk Robert J. , Wells George 
Published: February 2025

Background Patient decision aids (PtDAs) are effective interventions to help people participate in health care decisions. Although there are quality standards, PtDAs are complex interventions with variability in their attributes. Purpose To determine and compare the effects of PtDA attributes (e.g., content elements, delivery timing, development) on primary outcomes for adults facing health care decisions. Data Sources A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PtDAs to usual care. Study Selection Eligible RCTs measured at least 1 primary outcome: informed values choice, knowledge, accurate risk perception, decisional conflict subscales, and undecided. Data Analysis A network meta-analysis evaluated direct and indirect effects of PtDA attributes on primary outcomes. Data Synthesis Of 209 RCTs, 149 reported eligible outcomes. There was no difference in outcomes for PtDAs using implicit compared with explicit values clarification. Compared with PtDAs with probabilities, PtDAs without probabilities were associated with poorer patient knowledge (mean difference [MD] −3.86; 95% credible interval [CrI] −7.67, −0.03); there were no difference for other outcomes. There was no difference in outcomes when PtDAs presented information in ways that decrease cognitive demand and mixed results when PtDAs used strategies to enhance communication. Compared with PtDAs delivered in preparation for consultations, PtDAs used during consultations were associated with poorer knowledge (MD −4.34; 95% CrI −7.24, −1.43) and patients feeling more uninformed (MD 5.07; 95% CrI 1.06, 9.11). Involving patients in PtDA development was associated with greater knowledge (MD 6.56; 95% CrI 1.10, 12.03) compared with involving health care professionals alone. Limitations There were no direct comparisons between PtDAs with/without attributes. Conclusions Improvements in knowledge were influenced by some PtDA content elements, using PtDA content before the consultation, and involving patients in development. There were few or no differences on other outcomes. Highlights This is the first known network meta-analysis conducted to determine the contributions of the different attributes of patient decision aids (PtDAs) on patient outcomes. There was no difference in outcomes when PtDAs used implicit compared with explicit values clarification. There were greater improvements in knowledge when PtDAs included information on probabilities, PtDAs were used in preparation for the consultation or development included patients on the research team. There was no difference in outcomes when PtDAs presented information in ways that decrease cognitive demand and mixed results when PtDAs used strategies to enhance communication.
Bi-parametric MRI radiomic model for prostate cancer diagnosis: value of intralesional and perilesional radiomics
Authors: Li Yida , Zhou Xin , Zhang Xinyuan , Zhang Mengmeng , Sun Shengjian , Gai Xue , Li Guohua 
Published: February 2025

Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor that endangers the life and health of middle-aged and elderly men. Purpose To evaluate the significance of radiomic features from intralesional and perilesional regions in bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosing PCa. Material and Methods A total of 211 patients with suspected PCa who accepted prostate MRI scans were enrolled in this study. The region of interest (ROI) corresponding to the original lesion was manually delineated to define the intralesional ROI on bp-MRI maps. The original lesion ROI was then expanded by 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm, while excluding the intralesional area to create the perilesional ROI. Features were extracted from each ROI, and a radiomics model was developed using logistic regression. The combined model integrated features from both intralesional and perilesional regions. Its predictive performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy for PCa. Results The comparison revealed that perilesional 4 mm model had the best performance among all perilesional models, its AUCs of 0.934 and 0.894 in the training testing set, respectively, outperformed the combined model of other regions. The clinical model, combined model for intralesional regions, and INTRAPERI model achieved AUCs of 0.911, 0.925, 0.931 in the training sets and 0.770, 0.867, 0.905 in the testing sets. The predictive performance of the INTRAPERI model is better than the clinical model and intralesional model. Conclusion The radiomic model combining intralesional and perilesional features from bi-parametric MRI shows strong predictive value for PCa and may enhance clinical decision-making.