bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Budding-Derived CCL5 Recruits Fibroblasts to Promote Colorectal Cancer Progression Through CCR5-SLC25A24 Signaling
Authors: Gao Ling-Fang , Zhong Yan , Long Ting , Wang Xia , Zhu Jia-Xian , Wang Xiao-Yan , Hu Zhi-Yan , Li Zuguo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Tumor buddings have been included in the routine diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and considered to be a tumor prognostic factor independent of TNM staging. This study aimed at identifying the contribution of tumor budding-derived C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) to tumor microenvironment (TME) through fibroblasts. Methods: Co-cultivation recruitment assays and human cytokine array were used to detect the main cytokine derived from CRC tumor buddings to recruit fibroblasts. siRNA transfection and inhibitor treatment were applied to investigate the effective receptor of CCL5 on fibroblasts. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to explore the mechanism inside fibroblasts when stimulated by CCL5. Stimulation with CCL5 in vitro, orthotopic xenograft mouse model and clinical specimens were designed to clarify the contribution of CCL5 to angiogenesis and collagen synthesis.Results: H&E and immunochemistry staining confirmed that CRC with tumor buddings in the invasive front was accompanied by more fibroblasts compared with CRC without tumor buddings. Further vitro study indicated that CCL5 derived from tumor buddings could recruit fibroblasts through CCR5 receptor on fibroblasts and positively regulate solute carrier family 25 member 24 (SLC25A24) expression in fibroblasts, which could activate pAkt-pmTOR signaling. Moreover, CCL5 can increase the number of α-SMA+CD90+FAP- fibroblasts to promote tumor angiogenesis through enhancing the expression of VEGFA and making fibroblasts transdifferentiate into vascular endothelial cells. Meanwhile, CCL5 also can promote collagen synthesis through fibroblasts, thus contributing to tumor progression.Conclusions: In the invasive front of CRC, tumor-budding-derived CCL5 can recruit fibroblasts through CCR5-SLC25A24 signaling, further promoting angiogenesis and collagen synthesis through fibroblasts, eventually creating a tumor-promoting microenvironment.
Study on the Correlation Between B Vitamins and Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Siqi , Tan Mingjian , Li Hongwan , Li Lv , Zhang Hengyu , Wang Qing , Li Sijia , Yang Jiali , Xie Gaoling , Chen Pengyan , Liu Dequan , Guo Rong , Tang Shicong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The relationship between serum vitamin levels and breast cancer remains controversial. In this study, we compared the serum vitamin expression levels of healthy people, benign breast patients, and breast cancer patients, and evaluated the relationship between B vitamin levels and breast cancer risk.Methods: The study used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine the serum vitamin levels of 520 people who attended Yunnan Cancer Hospital from September 2020 to December 2020. After screening by exclusion criteria, 38 patients with benign breast diseases, 87 patients with breast cancer and 91 healthy controls were finally included. The kruskal-wallis H test was used to compare the differences in serum vitamin levels of subjects. Χ² test was used to evaluate the relationship between B vitamin level and age, BIM, TNM staging, Ki-67, Her-2,surgery and chemotherapy, and other baseline characteristics.And through binary logistic regression analysis, calculating odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the relationship between B vitamins and breast cancer risk.Conclusion: The levels of VitB1 and VitB5 in the serum of breast cancer patients and patients with benign breast diseases were higher than those in the healthy control group, while the expression levels of VitB3 in breast cancer patients were lower than those in the healthy control group and the breast benign disease groups. The level of VitB1 was positively correlated with breast cancer risk. The VitB3 level was negatively correlated with breast cancer risk.The VitB5 level is not significantly related to the risk of breast cancer.
Insuline use could increase the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Martorina Wagner , Tavares Almir 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder, that can increase cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Little is known about specific risk factors for OSA in patients with T2DM. Objective Identify variables associated with an increased risk of OSA in T2DM. Setting T2DM outpatient clinic. Measurements Sleep-T2DM relevant variables were stratified according to STOP-Bang questionnaire scores, in order to recognize OSA risk associations. Results Insulin use was directly related to a higher risk of OSA in T2DM outpatients: RP 1,86; IC 1,315 – 2,649; p< 0,001 Limitation Cross-sectional study, OSA diagnosed by non-objective measures. Conclusions In T2DM, the use of insulin increased the chances of belonging to a group of patients with a higher risk of OSA. The cost-benefit of treatment with insulin should be compared with other options, in patients already with T2DM with an increased risk for OSA.Primary founding sourceNone
The influence of different glucose tolerance on QTc interval: a population-based study
Authors: Lin Ning , Zhang Hongmei , Li Xiaoyong , Niu Yixin , Gu Hongxia , Lu Shuai , Yang Zhen , Qin Li , Su Qing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Corrected QT (QTc) interval has been reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore the relationship between different glucose tolerance and QTc interval among middle-aged and older Chinese individuals.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis that included 9898 subjects (3194 men and 6704 women) in a Chinese population. Glucose tolerance was studied during OGTT. Insulin, blood pressure, HbA1c, serum lipids, hepatic transaminases and waist-to-hip ratio were assessed.The QTc interval was derived from ECG recordings, and the subjects were stratified based on different glucose tolerance.
Results
QTc interval levels were increased significantly in the subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism compared with the normal glucose regulation group. Multiple regression analyses QTc interval was significantly associated with fasting plasma glucose, 2-h OGTT plasma glucose and HbA1c. The odds ratios of prolonged QTc was 1.396 for IFG/IGT (95% CI: 0.126-1.730), 1.342 for type 2 diabetes (95% CI: 0.142-1.577) after all the potential confounders were adjusted.
Conclusions
IGR and diabetes are associated with prolonged QTc interval among middle-aged and older Chinese individuals. Abnormal glucose regulation can be used to monitor QTc interval in the population.
Globulin and Albumin To Globulin Ratio Precisely Diagnose Periprosthetic Joint Infection and Determine The Timing of Second-Stage Reimplantation
Authors: Shang Guangqian , Fei Zhixuan , Xu Hao , Wang Yingzhen , Xiang Shuai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most challenging complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJI). An early and accurate diagnosis of PJI is associated with better treatment outcomes. However, whether the platelet-related markers and globulin-related markers can be used to assist the diagnosis of PJI remains elusive.
Methods
206 patients underwent revision hip or knee arthroplasty in our institution were divided into two groups: 79 patients in PJI group and 127 patients in aseptic failure group. The levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet-related markers including platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT) and PLT to MPV raito (PMR) and globulin-related markers, such as globulin, albumin to globulin ratio (AGR), and PLT to AGR ratio were compared. The diagnostic value was measured using area under the curve (AUC) after constructing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The potential of each marker for determining the timing of second-staged reimplantation was also evaluated.
Results
Significantly increased levels of ESR, CRP, PLT, PCT, PMR, GLB, and PLT to AGR ratio were identified in PJI group, while decreased levels of MPV and AGR were also found. The diagnostic values of all platelet-related markers and GLB were considered as fair, and good diagnostic values of AGR and PLT to AGR ratio were found, which were comparable to those of ESR and CRP. The levels of GLB and AGR can also be used to predict negative culture result and the timing of second-stage reimplantation.
Conclusions
Globulin and albumin to globulin ratio were found to have good diagnostic values for PJI, and they can precisely predict the culture results and persistent infection.
Don’t Forget That Chorea!
Authors: Kolhe Lokesh Krishnaji , Tham Yumin Audrey 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Hemichorea-hemiballismus is a spectrum of involuntary, continuous non-patterned movement involving one side of the body. Possible causes of hemichorea-hemiballismus include haemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, neoplasm, systemic lupus erythematosus, NHH (non-ketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea), Wilson’s disease, and thyrotoxicosis. Amongst the metabolic causes, chorea associated with NHH is noteworthy and is mainly reported in elderly Asian women. The pathophysiology of this syndrome remains controversial. It is likely that a combination of hyperglycaemia induced basal ganglia metabolic derangement and failure of cerebral blood flow autoregulation contribute to the syndrome.Case presentation: A 45-year-old Malay gentleman presented to our Emergency Department with right upper and lower limb weakness associated with hemichorea for 3-4 days. His initial blood glucose level was 22 mg/dl with normal serum ketone and bicarbonate levels. CT brain showed a hyperdensity in the left caudate nucleus and globus pallidus region. Subsequent brain MRI revealed an asymmetric T1 hyperintensity of the left putamen. This specific finding was compatible with hyperglycaemia-induced hemichorea-hemiballismus syndrome. The hemiballismus/hemichorea improved rapidly within the next day. Conclusions: This unusual clinical presentation is often accompanied by severe hyperglycaemia. Appropriate blood glycaemic control is important because it is reversible with correction of hyperglycaemia. Thus, prompt recognition and treatment is essential to avoid adverse outcomes.
Blood Compatibility of Widely used Central Venous Catheters; an Experimental Study
Authors: Thorarinsdottir Hulda , Kander Thomas , Johansson Dorota , Nilsson Bo , Klarin Bengt , Sanchez Javier 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: An inserted central venous catheter (CVC) is considered foreign material by the inert host defence systems and induce inflammation and thrombus formation. The objective of this study was to evaluate blood compatibility of six commonly used CVCs.Methods: Three coated and three uncoated CVC materials were tested in a modified Chandler loop model. Each catheter material circulated in blood from ten different healthy volunteers for 1 hour. Blood cell counts and measurements of the inert host defence systems were performed on blood samples from the loop.Results: All the tested catheters demonstrated impact on blood cells, contact coagulation, the complement system, or inflammatory markers, although the impact varied significantly.Conclusions: Of the catheters we evaluated, the most unfavourable blood compatibility profile was found for the polyurethane CVC coated with chlorohexidine and silver sulfadiazine. The greatest variation in blood compatibility between test runs was noted for the silicone dialysis catheter. Poor blood compatibility should be taken seriously but given the experimental design of the current study the clinical significance remains to be evaluated.
Coagulation/Fibrinolysis and Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer.
Authors: Dirix Luc , Oeyen Steffi , Buys Andy , Liégois Vincent , Prové Annemie , De Mooter Tom Van , Laere Steven Van , Vermeulen Peter B. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the quantitative relationship between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and standard coagulation tests in both a discovery and a validation cohort of patients with advanced breast cancer.Methods: In a retrospective (n=77) and a prospective (n=92) study of patients with progressive advanced breast cancer, CTC count, platelet number, fibrinogen level, D-dimers, prothrombin time (PTT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were measured. The association between these coagulation studies and CTC count was analyzed. The impact of these measurements on overall survival (OS) was assessed.Results: In both cohorts results were strikingly similar; absolute CTC count was significantly related to D-dimer level and inversely with platelet count. In the prospective cohort, quantification of tumor derived extracellular vesicles (tdEVs) was related with CTC count, and with coagulation abnormalities (low platelet count and increased D-dimers). tdEVs did not add to CTC count in predicting changes in platelets or D-dimers. In multivariate analysis only CTC ≥ 5 CTC /7.5mL, ER status, HER2 status and lines of chemotherapy were associated with OS. In patients with terminally metastatic breast cancer (MBC), very high CTC counts are prevalent.Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between increasing CTC number and increased D-dimers and decreased platelet counts, supporting the role of CTCs as a direct contributor of intravascular coagulation activation.In patients with advanced and progressive breast cancer, abnormalities in routine coagulation tests is the rule. In patients with terminally advanced breast cancer a “leukemic” phase with high CTC count is prevalent.
Effects of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as T2-MRI Contrast Agents on Reproductive System in Male Mice
Authors: Yang Heyu , Wang Hui , Wen Chenghao , Bai Shun , Wei Pengfei , Xu Bo , Xu Yunjun , Liang Chaozhao , Zhang Yunjiao , Zhang Guilong , Wen Huiqin , Zhang Li 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs)-based contrast agents are widely used for T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinical diagnosis, highlighting the necessity and importance to evaluate their potential systematic toxicities. Although a few previous studies have documented the toxicity concerns of IONPs to major organs, limited data are available on the potential reproductive toxicity caused by IONPs, especially when administrated via intravenous injection to mimic clinical use of MRI contrast agents. Our study aimed to determine whether exposure to IONPs would affect male reproductive system and cause other related health concerns in ICR mice. The mice were intravenously injected with different concentrations IONPs once followed by routine toxicity tests of major organs and a series of reproductive function-related analyses at different time points. As a result, most of the contrast agents were captured by reticuloendothelial system (RES) organs such as liver and spleen, while IONPs have not presented adverse effects on the normal function of these major organs. In contrast, although IONPs were not able to enter testis through the blood testicular barrier (BTB), and they have not impaired the normal testicular structure or altered the serum sex hormones levels, IONPs exposure could damage Sertoli cells in BTB at a relative high concentration. Moreover, IONPs administration led to a short-term reduction in the quantity and quality of sperms in a dose-dependent manner, which might be attributed to the increase of oxidative stress in epididymis. However, the semen parameters have gradually returned to the normal range within 14 days after the initial injection of IONPs. Collectively, these results demonstrated that IONPs could cause reversible damage to the reproductive system of male mice without affecting the main organs, providing new guidance for the clinical application of IONPs as T2-MRI contrast agents.
Evidence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Caused By A Mutation In ATRX Gene
Authors: López-Garrido María-Pilar , Carrascosa-Romero María-Carmen , Montero-Hernández Minerva , Ruiz-Almansa Jesús , Sánchez-Sánchez Francisco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: ATRX gene mutations are commonly associated with alpha-thalassaemia mental retardation syndrome (ATRX syndrome). This X-linked disorder is characterized by intellectual disability to a higher or lesser degree, in which alpha-thalassaemia feature is not always present. Here, we report the first case of a Spanish child with a missense ATRX mutation (Thr1621Met) and an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis. Except for intellectual disability, no typical signs of ATRX syndrome were found in the patient. Methods: A 23-month-old male patient was clinically evaluated at the Department of Paediatrics of the “Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete”, Spain. The baby was diagnosed with ASD according to the established criteria by the American Psychiatric Association (DMS-5). To determine the genetic cause of the pathology, an exome sequencing of a targeted gene panel of 215 genes associated to autism, intellectual disability, and/or seizure was carried out on an Ion Proton (Life Technologies) platform. The mutation was confirmed in the baby and analysed in the rest of the members of the family by PCR-terminator cycle sequencing.Results: Thr1621Met ATRX hemizygous mutation was identified in the ASD patient. Proband´s mother was identified as an asymptomatic heterozygous carrier and the mutation was not found in the father neither the sister. Thr1621Met change is predicted to have a pathogenic effect and it has been previously associated with ATRX syndrome in only one German family with phenotypic variability. Limitations: Given the limited number of families with ATRX mutations and, concretely, with Thr1621Met, it is very difficult to establish a genotype-phenotype relationship. Also, we cannot rule out the existence of other genetic, epigenetic and/or environmental factors that may modulate the phenotype of the patient. Furthermore, a functional analysis of Thr1621Met would be necessary to clarify the molecular mechanism by which this mutation causes ASD. Conclusions: Results suggest one common altered molecular pathway in both, ATRX syndrome and ASD pathologies that opens new research lines in ASD aetiology. Furthermore, the results confirm the extent phenotypic variability associated with ATRX mutations and focus the attention on an exhaustive clinical examination to achieve the most accurate diagnosis.
Primary Hemangioblastoma of Kidney with Molecular Analyses by Next Generation Sequencing: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Wang Xintong , Haines George K , Houldsworth Jane , Si Qiusheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Hemangioblastoma is an indolent mesenchymal tumor most frequently occurring in the central nervous system (CNS), but can also arise extraneuraxially, as part of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease or in sporadic cases. Extraneuraxial hemangioblastomas (EH) occur outside the central nervous system. It includes tumors arising from the nervous paraneuraxial structures and visceral organs. Sporadic hemangioblastoma of the kidney, a rare subset of EH, is an under-recognized renal neoplasm. There have been only 25 cases described to date in the English language literature. We report herein one additional case in a patient without VHL disease.Case presentation: A 61 year old male presenting with gross hematuria was found to have a 3.5 cm renal mass at the lateral mid to lower pole of the left kidney on computed tomography urogram. Patient underwent a partial nephrectomy for the mass. The pathological examination showed a well-circumscribed non-encapsulated tumor composed of sheets of large polygonal cells traversed by a rich vascular network. The tumor cells showed clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm and overall bland nuclei. The diagnosis of hemangioblastoma was confirmed by positive immunostaining for alpha-inhibin, S100, neuron-specific enolase, PAX8, and negative staining for epithelial membrane antigen, HMB-45, and Melan-A. VHL gene mutation was not detected in this tumor. The diagnosis of sporadic renal hemangioblastoma was made.Conclusion: Sporadic renal hemangioblastoma (RH) is a rare subset of EH. We report herein one such case in a patient without clinical or molecular evidence of VHL disease. We reviewed the literature to better understand the clinical, radiological and pathologic features of this neoplasm. From our review cases and the present case, we have found that the majority of RHs showed a positive immunostaining for PAX8, which supports the idea that the immunoprofiles of EH can vary depending on sites of origin. Diagnosis of renal hemangioblastoma is challenging because of its rarity and overlapping microscopic and immunophenotypic features with renal cell tumor, especially with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. However, accurate diagnosis is necessary, since RH is clinically benign and correct recognition of this pathological entity is important to avoid unnecessary over treatment.
Is Childhood Mortality Higher in Urban Poor Than in Rural India?
Authors: Das Ujjwal , Chakrabortty Druheen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The present paper examines the childhood mortality differential among urban poor and rural India using data from two rounds of National Family Health Survey Conducted in 2005-06 and 2015-16. Concentration index (CI), and cox regression were applied to address the research problem. Furthermore predicted probability was used to identify the potential predictors of infant and child mortality after adjusting the predictor variables. The findings suggest a decreasing trend in in infant mortality and child mortality both urban poor and rural India during this period. The economic inequalities respect to child mortality is higher in urban poor than in rural India. Hazard regression suggested that higher risk of child mortality in urban areas, due to poverty, low female literacy, low coverage antenatal care and safe delivery in the community. Even after controlling the possible bio-demographic variables, the study reveals that percentage declined mortality in rural areas higher than the urban poor but inequality is more widened in urban poor in India. The health program should be initiatives a major role to reducing infant and child mortality rates for both urban poor and rural India.
Preliminary Fluid Geochemical Survey in Tete Province and Prospective Development of Geothermics in Mozambique
Authors: Procesi Monia , Marini L. , Cinti D. , Sciarra A. , Basile P. , Mazzoni T. , Zarlenga F. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
An evaluation of the feasible development of geothermal energy in Mozambique is proposed based on some thermal springs geochemical characterization in the Tete region. Chemical and isotopic data suggest that the springs have a meteoric origin and do not show connection with any active magmatic system. The proposed circulation model suggests high depths infiltration of meteoric waters along faults and fractures in a system characterised by discrete permeability and reservoir temperature between 90 and 120°C. These results, jointly with low salinity fluids and corrosive components absence suggest that the geothermal system may be conveniently exploited for direct and indirect uses.