bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus DNAemia and disease: current‐era epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes in cancer patients other than allogeneic haemopoietic transplantation
Authors: Tay Kim H. , Slavin Monica A. , Thursky Karin A. , Coussement Julien , Worth Leon J. , Teh Benjamin W. , Khot Amit , Tam Constantine S. , Yong Michelle K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐intensity chemotherapy and advances in novel immunotherapies have seen the emergence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in cancer patients other than allogeneic haemopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).AimTo evaluate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of CMV infection in this population.MethodsA retrospective review of cancer patients other than allogeneic HCT who had CMV DNAemia and/or disease from July 2013 till May 2020 at a quaternary cancer centre was performed.ResultsOf 11 485 cancer patients who underwent treatment during this period, 953 patients had CMV DNA testing performed and 238 of them had CMV DNAemia. After excluding patients with allogeneic HCT, 62 patients with CMV DNAemia were identified, of whom 10 had concurrent CMV disease. The most frequent underlying malignancies were B‐cell lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) (31%; 19/62), T‐cell LPD (21%; 13/62), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (11%; 7/62) and multiple myeloma (10%; 6/62). Most patients had lymphopenia (77%; 48/62), multiple cancer therapies (63%; 39/62 received ≥2 previous therapies), co‐infection (56%; 35/62 had ≥1 co‐infection) and corticosteroid therapy (48%; 30/62) within 1 month before CMV diagnosis. CMV DNAemia and disease were observed in patients receiving novel immunotherapies, including bispecific antibody therapy, chimeric‐antigen receptor T‐cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors.ConclusionPatients with haematological malignancy, particularly B‐cell LPD, T‐cell LPD, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and multiple myeloma, were frequently identified to have CMV DNAemia and disease. Lymphopenia, multiple cancer therapies, co‐infection and recent receipt of systemic corticosteroids were also commonly observed. Future studies are necessary to determine optimal identification and management of CMV in these patients.
Intertidal zonation of hemichordates in soft sediments
Authors: Schrage Kharis R. , Tupik Juselyn D. , Allen Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntertidal zonation of organisms is well studied on rocky shores but less so in soft sediment communities. On rocky shores, communities are two dimensional, with biotic factors such as competition and predation setting the lower bound of a zone, whereas abiotic factors such as desiccation set the upper bound. In soft sediment communities, these patterns persist, but with a dynamic three‐dimensional ecosystem occupied by mobile infaunal organisms, zonation can be more difficult to quantify and detect. Hemichordate worms, however, deposit fecal casts at the surface, which can be easily identified and counted, making them a potential model system for identifying zonation in soft‐sediment systems. Here, we describe the intertidal zonation of hemichordate worms at two sites in Maine and Virginia. In Virginia,Saccoglossus kowalevskiioccurs in the mid‐intertidal at densities up to 500 individuals per square meter, whereas a tube‐building polychaete,Spiochaetopterus oculatus, dominates the lower intertidal. In Maine, two hemichordate species,Saccoglossus bromophenolosusandProtoglossus graveolens, co‐occur at densities up to 100 individuals per square meter in the mid‐intertidal, whereas hermit crabs and errant polychaetes are numerically dominant in the low intertidal. Despite known chemical defenses, crustaceans readily consumed hemichordates in lab assays, although polychaetes did not. In a field tethering experiment, loss rates of hemichordate‐flavored agarose pellets increased as tidal height decreased, suggesting that the lower bound of the hemichordate zone could be set by biotic forces such as crustacean predation. Additionally, a field transplant experiment found low survivorship of hemichordates transplanted to the upper intertidal, suggesting that desiccation may set their upper bound. These results are broadly consistent with prior studies of zonation in soft sediments, and expand our limited understanding of basic hemichordate ecology.
What Artists Want, What Artists Need: A Critical History of the Feral Art School, Hull, UK 2018 – Present
Authors: Goodman Jackie , Hudson‐Miles Richard , Jones Jayne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe article contextualises the emergence of the Feral Art School, established in Hull in 2018 by artist‐educators following the winding down of Hull School of Art and Design. This alternative art school is the most recent of many established in the UK since the government’s Independent Review of Higher Education Funding & Student Finance or Browne Review. This article argues that the processes of ‘economisation’ enacted by this review have severely threatened the health of arts education in the UK, forcing the closure of provision and increasing barriers to higher education arts education for the disadvantaged. This article uses the example of Feral Art School to demonstrate how provincial art schools might re‐emerge in new, counter‐hegemonic forms. The Feral Art School is run as a Community Interest Company (CIC) with cooperative values. We argue that these values extend to the philosophy of education underpinning all of Feral’s activities.
Patient‐reported experiences of consultation with an advanced nurse practitioner: Factor structure and reliability analysis of the patient enablement and satisfaction survey
Authors: O’Reilly David , Brady Anne‐Marie , Bryant‐Lukosius Denise , Varley Jarlath , Daly Louise , Cotter Patrick , Elliot Naomi , Lehane Elaine , Fleming Sandra , Savage Eileen , Hegarty Josephine , Drennan Jonathan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimThe aim was to analyse the psychometric properties of a patient‐reported‐experience measure, the Patient Enablement and Satisfaction Survey (PESS), when used to evaluate the care provided by Advanced Nurse Practitioners (ANPs) in terms of factor structure and internal consistency. The PESS is a 20‐item, patient‐completed data collection tool that was originally developed to measure patient experience and enablement following consultation with nurses in general practice.DesignCross‐sectional survey; validity and reliability analysis.MethodsThe sample in this study consisted of 178 patients who consulted with 26 ANPs working in four different specialities. Data were collected between June and December 2019. An exploratory factor analysis of the PESS was conducted to determine convergent validity which was supported by parallel analysis and the traditional Kaiser criterion. The internal consistency of individual PESS items was determined via Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, the Average Variance Extracted tests and item‐subscale/total score correlations.ResultsA three‐factor structure (PESS‐ANP) was found through exploratory factor analysis and this was supported by parallel analysis, the traditional Kaiser criterion and the percentage of variance explained criterion. A high degree of internal consistency was reported across all factors. One question was omitted from the analysis (‘Overall Satisfaction’) following the identification of problematic cross‐loadings. The three factor solution was identified as: patient satisfaction, quality of care provision and patient enablement.ConclusionThe findings of this study propose a three‐factor model that is sufficiently reliable for analysing the experience and enablement of patients following consultation with an ANP.ImpactIncreasingly, patient‐reported experience measures are being used to evaluate patients’ experience of receiving care from a healthcare professional. The PESS was identified to be reliable in evaluating the experience of patients who receive care from an ANP while a three‐factor structure was proposed that can capture specific attributes of this care.
Promoting the integration of technology in teaching: An analysis of the factors that increase the intention to use technologies among Italian teachers
Authors: Menabò Laura , Sansavini Alessandra , Brighi Antonella , Skrzypiec Grace , Guarini Annalisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground: The rapid spread of COVID‐19 forced many countries to adopt severe containment measures, transferring all didactic activities into virtual environments. However, the integration of technology in teaching may present difficulties, especially in some countries, such as Italy. Objectives: The present study analyzed how the two main factors of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), namely perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, combined with online teaching self‐efficacy, were associated with the intention to use technology to teach. We posited a moderated moderation model in which perceived usefulness represented the main predictor, with self‐efficacy and perceived ease of use as moderators of intention to use technology to teach. Method: The model was tested through multiple regressions, using the PROCESS macro on SPSS 26 with a sample of 178 upper secondary school teachers in Italy. Results and conclusions: Regressions showed that each variable significantly predicted the intention to use technology. In addition, a moderation effect of self‐efficacy on the perceived usefulness of using technology was found for medium and high‐level of perceived ease of use of technology. Implications: The present study provides targeted implications for distance education policy and practice to promote its adoption (or the blended modality) in Italian upper schools.
Enhancing distance learning of science—Impacts of remote labs 2.0 on students' behavioural and cognitive engagement
Authors: Sung Shannon H. , Li Chenglu , Huang Xudong , Xie Charles 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith the increasing popularity of distance education, how to engage students in online inquiry‐based laboratories remains challenging for science teachers. Current remote labs mostly adopt a centralized model with limited flexibility left for teachers' just‐in‐time instruction based on students' real‐time science practices.ObjectivesThe goal of this research is to investigate the impact of a non‐centralized remote lab on students' cognitive and behavioural engagement.MethodsA mixed‐methods design was adopted. Participants were the high school students enrolled in two virtual chemistry classes. Remote labs 2.0, branded as Telelab, supports a non‐centralized model of remote inquiry that can enact more interactive hands‐on labs anywhere, anytime. Teleinquiry Instructional Model was used to guide the curriculum design. Students' clickstreams logs and instruction timestamps were analysed and visualized. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether engagement levels influence their conceptual learning. Behavioural engagement patterns were corroborated with survey responses.Results and ConclusionsWe found approximate synchronizations between student–teacher–lab interactions in the heatmap. The guided inquiry enabled by Telelab facilitates real‐time communications between instructors and students. Students' conceptual learning is found to be impacted by varying engagement levels. Students' behavioural engagement patterns can be visualized and fed to instructors to inform learning progress and enact just‐in‐time instruction.ImplicationsTelelab offers a model of remote labs 2.0 that can be easily customized to live stream hands‐on teleinquiry. It enhances engagement and gives participants a sense of telepresence. Providing a customizable teleinquiry curriculum for practitioners may better prepare them to teach inquiry‐based laboratories online.
Tracing changes in teachers' professional learning network on Twitter: Comparison of teachers' social network structure and content of interaction before and during theCOVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Alwafi Enas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has affected teaching and professional learning activities. Teachers may have to rely on online spaces, such as Twitter, to interact with their professional learning networks and get enough support.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the structure and the content of teachers’ network interactions on Twitter both before and during the COVID19 pandemic.MethodsData were analysed for 103 teachers using multiple methods, including social network analysis (SNA) and content and thematic analysis.Results and ConclusionsContent analysis revealed that teachers’ cognitive and affective posts increased significantly during COVID‐19. Thematic analysis showed that, during COVID‐19, teachers’ post sfocused on issues around digital transformation. SNA showed that the sizes of teachers’ networks and in/out‐ties grew during COVID‐19. Although the study finds that teachers interacted with individuals both within and outside their discipline and their country, most teachers’ interactions were with teachers from similar disciplines and same country. Teachers used Twitter to share information and support each other.ImplicationsThis study provides recommendations for stimulating professional interactions among teachers. This work shows the potential of SNA and content analysis to analyse teachers’ professional learning networks.
Correlates and predictors of the severity of suicidal ideation in adolescence: an examination of brain connectomics and psychosocial characteristics
Authors: Kirshenbaum Jaclyn S. , Chahal Rajpreet , Ho Tiffany C. , King Lucy S. , Gifuni Anthony J. , Mastrovito Dana , Coury Saché M. , Weisenburger Rachel L. , Gotlib Ian H. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundSuicidal ideation (SI) typically emerges during adolescence but is challenging to predict. Given the potentially lethal consequences of SI, it is important to identify neurobiological and psychosocial variables explaining the severity of SI in adolescents.MethodsIn 106 participants (59 female) recruited from the community, we assessed psychosocial characteristics and obtained resting‐state fMRI data in early adolescence (baseline: aged 9–13 years). Across 250 brain regions, we assessed local graph theory‐based properties of interconnectedness: local efficiency, eigenvector centrality, nodal degree, within‐module z‐score, and participation coefficient. Four years later (follow‐up: ages 13–19 years), participants self‐reported their SI severity. We used least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regressions to identify a linear combination of psychosocial and brain‐based variables that best explain the severity of SI symptoms at follow‐up. Nested‐cross‐validation yielded model performance statistics for all LASSO models.ResultsA combination of psychosocial and brain‐based variables explained subsequent severity of SI (R2 = .55); the strongest was internalizing and externalizing symptom severity at follow‐up. Follow‐up LASSO regressions of psychosocial‐only and brain‐based‐only variables indicated that psychosocial‐only variables explained 55% of the variance in SI severity; in contrast, brain‐based‐only variables performed worse than the null model.ConclusionsA linear combination of baseline and follow‐up psychosocial variables best explained the severity of SI. Follow‐up analyses indicated that graph theory resting‐state metrics did not increase the prediction of the severity of SI in adolescents. Attending to internalizing and externalizing symptoms is important in early adolescence; resting‐state connectivity properties other than local graph theory metrics might yield a stronger prediction of the severity of SI.
Cell wall proteomic analysis of the cnidarian photosymbionts Breviolum minutum and Cladocopium goreaui
Authors: Tortorelli Giada , Oakley Clinton A. , Davy Simon K. , van Oppen Madeleine J. H. , McFadden Geoffrey I. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe algal cell wall is an important cellular component that functions in defense, nutrient utilization, signaling, adhesion, and cell–cell recognition—processes important in the cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis. The cell wall of symbiodiniacean dinoflagellates is not well characterized. Here, we present a method to isolate cell walls of Symbiodiniaceae and prepare cell‐wall‐enriched samples for proteomic analysis. Label‐free liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was used to explore the surface proteome of two Symbiodiniaceae species from the Great Barrier Reef: Breviolum minutum and Cladocopium goreaui. Transporters, hydrolases, translocases, and proteins involved in cell‐adhesion and protein–protein interactions were identified, but the majority of cell wall proteins had no homologues in public databases. We propose roles for some of these proteins in the cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis. This work provides the first proteomics investigation of cell wall proteins in the Symbiodiniaceae and represents a basis for future explorations of the roles of cell wall proteins in Symbiodiniaceae and other dinoflagellates.
OsEDM2L mediates m6A of EAT1 transcript for proper alternative splicing and polyadenylation regulating rice tapetal degradation
Authors: Ma Kun , Han Jingluan , Zhang Zixu , Li Heying , Zhao Yanchang , Zhu Qinlong , Xie Yongyao , Liu Yao‐Guang , Chen Letian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification affects the post‐transcriptional regulation of eukaryotic gene expression, but the underlying mechanisms and their effects in plants remain largely unknown. Here, we report that the N6‐adenine methyltransferase‐like domain‐containing protein ENHANCED DOWNY MILDEW 2‐LIKE (OsEDM2L) is essential for rice (Oryza sativa L.) anther development. The osedm2l knockout mutant showed delayed tapetal programmed cell death (PCD) and defective pollen development. OsEDM2L interacts with the transcription factors basic helix‐loop‐helix 142 and TAPETUM DEGENERATION RETARDATION to regulate the expression of ETERNAL TAPETUM 1 (EAT1), a positive regulator of tapetal PCD. Mutation of OsEDM2L altered the transcriptomic m6A landscape, and caused a distinct m6A modification of the EAT1 transcript leading to dysregulation of its alternative splicing and polyadenylation, followed by suppression of the EAT1 target genes OsAP25 and OsAP37 for tapetal PCD. Therefore, OsEDM2L is indispensable for proper messenger RNA m6A modification in rice anther development.
The elusive link between income and obesity
Authors: Mathieu‐Bolh Nathalie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractForseveral decades, obesity has been a major public health and public policy issue involving high private and social costs. The literature on the causes of obesity has identified a number of non‐economic and economic causes. Among the latter, poverty seems to be connected to obesity in rich countries. However, a deeper study of the empirical literature suggests that the link between income and obesity is more complex, as it can be negative or positive, or changes when countries develop over time. In recent years, new theoretical explanations of this complex link have emerged. Our literature review of the empirical and theoretical literature aims at better understanding the link between income and obesity, providing an essential foundation for adequate policy making.
Fall From Grace: Increased Loneliness and Depressiveness Among Extraverted Youth During the German COVID‐19 Lockdown
Authors: Alt Philipp , Reim Julia , Walper Sabine 
Published: August 2021

The COVID‐19 pandemic has substantially affected young people’s social and emotional life. Based on longitudinal data provided by 843 adolescents (57.3% female) of the German Family Panel (pairfam), we investigated effects of extraversion on changes in loneliness and depressiveness between 2018 and 2019 and the first German COVID‐19 lockdown in the first half of 2020. Findings of latent change modeling show that highly extraverted adolescents experienced a larger rise in depressiveness, and a third of this total effect was mediated through increases in loneliness. These results contradict previous work evidencing lower depressiveness among extraverted youth and challenge the notion of extraversion as a mere protective factor. Under conditions of restricted access to others, this personality trait may become a burden.
Effects of desmopressin acetate administration in healthy dogs receiving prednisolone
Authors: Galati Pamela , Archer Todd , Jolly Robyn , Sullivant Alyssa , Wills Robert , Lathan Patty 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundGlucocorticoids are used for a variety of purposes in veterinary medicine but often are associated with clinically important adverse effects. Polyuria and polydipsia are the most frustrating adverse effects noted by owners.ObjectiveTo determine whether administration of desmopressin ameliorates polyuria and polydipsia associated with prednisolone administration.AnimalsSeven healthy adult Walker Hounds.MethodsProspective hypothesis testing study. Daily water intake and urine specific gravity (USG) were measured in dogs under 4 separate sequential conditions: no medications (C), prednisolone only (P), prednisolone and desmopressin (PD), and prednisolone after discontinuation of desmopressin (PAD).ResultsWhen compared to baseline, 6 of 7 dogs became polydipsic after administration of prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg PO q12h). When desmopressin (5 μg/dog SC q12h) was administered to dogs receiving prednisolone, significant decreases in water intake and serum sodium concentration occurred, and USG increased significantly.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAdministration of desmopressin to dogs receiving prednisolone significantly decreased water intake and serum sodium concentration, and increased USG. Our results suggest that, in some dogs, desmopressin ameliorates the most important adverse effect of prednisolone noted by owners, but that hyponatremia is an important complication associated with desmopressin use.
Learning and Teaching Pragmatics in the Globalized World: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: TAGUCHI NAOKO 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis special issue presents the current state of second language pragmatics research and instruction situated in the broader scope of globalization. Seven empirical articles included in this issue represent 3 strands of research: (a) pragmatics in lingua franca communication, (b) multilingual and multidialectal pragmatics, and (c) technology‐mediated pragmatics learning and teaching. These articles collectively address how new contexts in today's globalized world have engendered new ways of conceptualizing and teaching pragmatics.