bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal maternal infection and risk for autism in offspring: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tioleco Nina , Silberman Anna E. , Stratigos Katharine , Banerjee‐Basu Sharmila , Spann Marisa N. , Whitaker Agnes H. , Turner J. Blake 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWhile prenatal maternal infection has received attention as a preventable and treatable risk factor for autism, findings have been inconsistent. This paper presents the results of a meta‐analysis to determine whether the weight of the evidence supports such an association. Studies with a categorical diagnosis of autism as the outcome and an assessment of its association with prenatal maternal infection or fever (or the data necessary to compute this association) were included. A total of 36 studies met these criteria. Two independent reviewers extracted data on study design, methods of assessment, type of infectious agent, site of infection, trimester of exposure, definition of autism, and effect size. Analyses demonstrated a statistically significant association of maternal infection/fever with autism in offspring (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.20–1.46). Adjustment for evident publication bias slightly weakened this association. There was little variation in effect sizes across agent or site of infection. Small differences across trimester of exposure were not statistically significant. There was some evidence that recall bias associated with status on the outcome variable leads to differential misclassification of exposure status. Nonetheless, the overall association is only modestly reduced when studies potentially contaminated by such bias are removed. Although causality has not been firmly established, these findings suggest maternal infection during pregnancy confers an increase in risk for autism in offspring. Given the prevalence of this risk factor, it is possible that the incidence of autism would be reduced by 12%–17% if maternal infections could be prevented or safely treated in a timely manner.Lay SummaryThis study is a meta‐analysis of the association of maternal infection during pregnancy and subsequent autism in offspring. In combining the results from 36 studies of this association we find that a significant relationship is present. The association does not vary much across the types of infections or when they occur during pregnancy. We conclude that the incidence of autism could be substantially reduced if maternal infections could be prevented or safely treated in a timely manner.
Online monitoring of hiPSC expansion and hepatic differentiation in 3D culture by dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Isidro Inês A. , Vicente Pedro , Pais Daniel A. M. , Almeida Joana I. , Domingues Mara , Abecasis Bernardo , Zapata‐Linares Natalia , Rodriguez‐Madoz Juan R. , Prosper Felipe , Aspegren Anders , Alves Paula M. , Serra Margarida 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHepatocyte‐like cells derived from human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC‐HLC) are expected to have important applications in drug screening and regenerative medicine. However, hiPSC‐HLC are difficult to produce on a large‐scale to obtain relevant numbers for such applications. The aim of this study was to implement a novel integrated strategy for scalable production of hiPSC‐HLC and demonstrate the applicability of dielectric spectroscopy to monitor hiPSC expansion/differentiation processes. We cultured hiPSC as three‐dimensional (3D) aggregates in stirred‐tank bioreactors (STB) operated in perfusion with an in situ capacitance probe. Dissolved oxygen concentration and dilution rate were controlled along the process and after 5 days of cell expansion, the hepatic differentiation was integrated in sequential steps for 28 days. The hiPSC were able to grow as 3D aggregates and the expression of hepatic markers and albumin production after differentiation confirmed that hepatocyte differentiation improved when compared to 2D culture. These hiPSC‐HLC exhibited functional characteristics of hepatocytes including glycogen storage and drug metabolization capacity. Our results also show a good correlation between the cell permittivity measured online and the aggregate biovolume measured by standard offline methods, demonstrating for the first time the potential of dielectric spectroscopy to monitor hiPSC expansion and differentiation in STB.
Exploiting heterologous and endogenous CRISPR‐Cas systems for genome editing in the probiotic Clostridium butyricum
Authors: Zhou Xiuqing , Wang Xiaolu , Luo Huiying , Wang Yaru , Wang Yuan , Tu Tao , Qin Xing , Su Xiaoyun , Bai Yingguo , Yao Bin , Huang Huoqing , Zhang Jie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractClostridium butyricum has been widely used as a probiotic for humans and food animals. However, the mechanisms of beneficial effects of C. butyricum on the host remain poorly understood, largely due to the lack of high‐throughput genome engineering tools. Here, we report the exploitation of heterologous Type II CRISPR‐Cas9 system and endogenous Type I‐B CRISPR‐Cas system in probiotic C. butyricum for seamless genome engineering. Although successful genome editing was achieved in C. butyricum when CRISPR‐Cas9 system was employed, the expression of toxic cas9 gene result in really poor transformation, spurring us to develop an easy‐applicable and high‐efficient genome editing tool. Therefore, the endogenous Type I‐B CRISPR‐Cas machinery located on the megaplasmid of C. butyricum was co‐opted for genome editing. In vivo plasmid interference assays identified that ACA and TAA were functional protospacer adjacent motif sequences needed for site‐specific CRISPR attacking. Using the customized endogenous CRISPR‐Cas system, we successfully deleted spo0A and aldh genes in C. butyricum, yielding an efficiency of up to 100%. Moreover, the conjugation efficiency of endogenous CRISPR‐Cas system was dramatically enhanced due to the precluding expression of cas9. Altogether, the two approaches developed herein remarkably expand the existing genetic toolbox available for investigation of C. butyricum.
Integrative analysis regarding the correlation between GAS2 family genes and human glioma prognosis
Authors: Zhao Chunyan , Zhang Nan , Cui Xiaoteng , Zhang Xinxin , Ren Yuanyuan , Su Chao , He Jinyan , Zhang Wei , Sun Xiaoming , Yang Jie , Gao Xingjie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundEmerging oncogenes were reportedly linked to the complicated subtypes and pathogenesis of clinical gliomas. Herein, we first comprehensively explored the potential correlation between growth‐arrest‐specific two family genes (GAS2, GAS2L1, GAS2L2, GAS2L3) and gliomas by bioinformatics analysis and cellular experiments.MethodsBased on the available datasets of TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), CGGA (Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas), and Oncomine databases, we performed a series of analyses, such as gene expression, survival prognosis, DNA methylation, immune infiltration, and partner enrichment. We also utilized two glioma cell lines to conduct the colony formation and wound‐healing assay.ResultsGAS2L3 gene was highly expressed in glioma tissues compared to normal brain tissues (p < 0.05). We further observed the relationship between the high expressed GAS2L3 and poor clinical prognosis of brain low‐grade glioma (LGG) cases in our Cox proportional hazard model (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.1715, p < 0.001). Moreover, DNA hypomethylation status of GAS2L3 was correlated with the high expression of GAS2L3 in LGG tissues and the poor clinical prognosis of primary glioma cases (p < 0.05). We also found that the high expression of GAS2L3 was associated with the infiltration level of immune cells, especially the T cells (p < 0.0001). Functional enrichment analysis of GAS2L3‐correlated genes and interaction partners further indicated that GAS2L3 might take part in the occurrence of glioma by influencing a series of biological behaviors, such as cell division, cytoskeleton binding, and cell adhesion. Additionally, our cellular experiment data suggested that a highly expressed GAS2L3 gene contributes to the enhanced proliferation and migration of glioma cells.ConclusionThis study first analyzed the potential role of GAS2 family genes, especially GAS2L3, in the clinical prognosis and possible functional mechanisms of glioma, which gives a novel insight into the relationship between GAS2L3 and LGG.
Rescue valve‐in‐valve TAVI: Buy one get one free!
Authors: Koneru Srikanth , Jneid Hani 
Published: March 2021

Key Points
The overall incidence of rescue THV‐in‐THV is low (1%). It is diminishing over time, and occurs to a lesser extent with the newer generation TAVR platforms.
Rescue THV‐in‐THV is usually performed for valve mal‐positioning with or without significant aortic regurgitation.
A rescue THV‐in‐THV procedure is associated with higher in‐hospital mortality and complications, but acceptable intermediate‐term outcomes among hospital survivors.
The challenges of coronary no‐reflow phenomenon
Authors: Case Brian C. , Satler Lowell F. 
Published: March 2021

Key Points
Proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates that intracoronary epinephrine could provide substantial improvement in coronary flow in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction refractory coronary no‐reflow during primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Intracoronary epinephrine is a potential solution to an uncommon but clinically serious phenomenon with limited, if any, therapeutic alternatives.
A prospective, large, randomized trial, which is powered for clinical events, would help further validate this management technique.
Antiplatelet therapy regimen and duration after percutaneous coronary intervention: Combining prediction scores with clinical judgment
Authors: Ashley Kellan E. , Hillegass William B. 
Published: March 2021

Key Points
The dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) score “decouples” overlapping risk factors for ischemic and bleeding events informing clinical decisions on the optimal duration of antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
In patients with DAPT Scores <2 which generally favors short duration therapy, the current meta‐analysis suggests the GLOBAL LEADERS trial regimen of 1 month of aspirin plus ticagrelor followed by 23 months of ticagrelor monotherapy appears uniquely promising when prolonged P2Y12 therapy may be otherwise desirable in these patients.
Risk scores should be developed informing BOTH optimal antiplatelet regimen (such as P2Y12 monotherapy) and treatment duration after PCI.
Individual patient treatment decisions should incorporate these scores and clinical meta‐judgment on relevant additional extenuating factors including candidate factors statistically rejected during derivation of these scores.
Get it, bring it, and place it: Power is nothing without control
Authors: Aranzulla Tiziana Claudia , Musumeci Giuseppe 
Published: March 2021

Key Points
The endovascular snare technique (EST) is a strategy to manage the simultaneous occurrence of angulated aorta and preexistent bioprosthetic aortic valve when performing valve‐in‐valve (VIV) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).
This technique improves navigability of the self‐expandable (SE) Evolut transcatheter heart valve (THV) and allows to benefit from its advantageous hemodynamics.
Larger studies are needed to evaluated the risk–benefit profile of VIV TAVR with SE THV and EST as compared with other THV types.
Grain weight and the concentrations of phenylpropanoid glycosides and γ‐oryzanol in response to heat stress during ripening in rice
Authors: Nakano Hiroshi , Iwasawa Norio , Takai Toshiyuki , Arai‐Sanoh Yumiko , Kondo Motohiko 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesGrain weight decreases by heat stress during ripening in rice. Phenylpropanoid glycosides and γ‐oryzanol are biomarkers for heat stress. The relationships between grain weight and the concentrations of these compounds should be understood in order to use biomarkers to improve the heat tolerance of rice. In the present study, we aimed to determine the relationships between grain weight and the concentrations of these compounds in the japonica cultivar Koshihikari and the indica cultivar Takanari.FindingsIn Koshihikari, the concentrations of 3',6‐di‐O‐sinapoylsucrose, 24‐methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, and total γ‐oryzanol had strong negative correlations with grain weight. Conversely, in Takanari, the concentrations of 3',6‐di‐O‐sinapoylsucrose and 3'‐O‐sinapoyl‐6‐O‐feruloylsucrose had negative correlations with grain weight, whereas those of 3',6‐di‐O‐feruloylsucrose and cycloartenyl ferulate had positive correlations with grain weight. Interestingly, the relationships between grain weight and the concentrations of 3',6‐di‐O‐sinapoylsucrose, 24‐methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, and total γ‐oryzanol appeared to be stronger in Koshihikari than in Takanari.ConclusionsThe metabolisms of 3',6‐di‐O‐sinapoylsucrose, 24‐methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, and total γ‐oryzanol may be strongly correlated with grain weight reduction caused by heat stress in Koshihikari.Significant and noveltyThe concentrations of 3',6‐di‐O‐sinapoylsucrose, 24‐methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, and total γ‐oryzanol may be powerful tools for improving the heat tolerance of japonica cultivars.
A rare case of patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 in a genotype–phenotype correlation revealing a submicroscopic deletion on the long arm of chromosome 17
Authors: Yethindra Vityala , Tagaev Tugolbai , Mamytova Elmira , Mainazarova Elmira , Dzhumakova Cholpon , Namazbekova Asel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper details a case of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) in a genotype–phenotype correlation, and the complexity of pathogenic variants of NF1 gene make correlation difficult. Establishing correlation is useful for targeted therapeutic intervention.
Pore‐scale modelling of immiscible displacement of ScCO2‐brine in a homogeneous porous network using direct numerical method
Authors: Ranganathan Panneerselvam 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work, the pore‐scale dynamics of immiscible displacement of ScCO2–brine in a homogeneous pore network is studied using the volume of fluid method. The simulation results are verified with the theoretical equation and literature experimental data. First, the pore‐space filling is performed in a unit pore cell having an equal and unequal pore throat for both drainage and spontaneous imbibition. It is observed that the pore‐space filling sequence for drainage follows the rules described by the Young‐Laplace equation whereas the filling sequence did not follow the rule for spontaneous imbibition. Secondly, the simulation is performed for a homogeneous pore network. It is found that the transverse average volume fraction of ScCO2 from the simulation matches with the experimental data for intermediate and higher capillary numbers. Further, the present simulation is extended to study the flow regime identification and viscosity ratio and contact angle effects on ScCO2 volume fraction profile.
Single Particle‐Based Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy for Visual Detection of Copper Ions in Confined Space†
Authors: Wang Ke , Qian Manping , Qi Honglan , Gao Qiang , Zhang Chengxiao 
Published: March 2021

Main observation and conclusionA single particle‐based confocal laser scanning microscopy was developed for the visual detection of copper ions in confined space. A fluorescence microparticle, named AuNCs/ZIF‐8, was synthesized by coating gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) onto the outer surface of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8). The morphology and solid‐state fluorescence property of AuNCs/ZIF‐8 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence technique. The AuNCs/ZIF‐8 exhibits turn‐off responses to copper ions via fluorescence quenching in the range of 2—15 μmol·L–1 with a detection limit of 0.9 μmol·L–1. More importantly, the distribution of AuNCs on single ZIF‐8 crystal and the fluorescence quenching dynamics on single AuNCs/ZIF‐8 were visualized by 3D‐reconstructed fluorescence imaging. Different distribution of AuNCs on the different surfaces of single ZIF‐8 crystal and similar fluorescence quenching dynamics on the different surfaces of single AuNCs/ZIF‐8 were obtained. These results offer insights into the nature of the fluorescence active sites and the fluorescence quenching dynamics on a single fluorescence particle, which also opens up new opportunities for in situ target biomolecule analysis in confined space.
The effect of luminance on the perception of small color differences
Authors: Kulappurath Sajeesh K. , Shamey Renzo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe objectives of this study were two‐fold; to determine how variations in practical illuminance range (from ~300 to ~2300 lx) affect the perception of suprathreshold small color differences for a range of object stimuli across the color space, and to investigate the role of variations in luminance on intra‐ and inter‐observer variability in repeated psychophysical trials. STRESS index and conventional statistical methods suggest the presence of a significant difference between visual responses for large changes in luminance. Inter‐ and intra‐observer variability also varied according to luminance. Calculated color differences based on recent CAM models show good agreement with visual results over the luminance range examined.
Laser‐Assisted Synthesis of Non‐Equilibrium Nanoalloys
Authors: Amendola Vincenzo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVincenzo Amendola
is Professor of Physical Chemistry at Padova University, where he established and directs the Laser‐Assisted Synthesis and Plasmonics (LASP) lab. He obtained a PhD in Materials Science and Engineering in 2008 and the Italian qualification as Full Professor in 2017, after research experience at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Cambridge University. He is part of the Program Committee of the ANGEL conference series and he is a current member of the ChemPhysChem Editorial Advisory Board.
Photoactive Zr and Ti Metal‐Organic‐Frameworks for Solid‐State Solar Cells
Authors: Melillo Arianna , García‐Aboal Rocio , Navalón Sergio , Atienzar Pedro , Ferrer Belén , Álvaro Mercedes , García Hermenegildo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSolid‐state photovoltaic cells based on robust metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), MIL‐125(Ti), MIL‐125(Ti)‐NH2, UiO‐67, Ru(bpy)2‐UiO‐67, (bpy 2,2‘‐bipyridine) as active components and spiro‐MeOTAD (MeOTAD 2,2‘,7,7‘‐tetrakis[N,N‐di(p‐methoxyphenyl)amino]‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene) as hole transporting layer have been prepared., The photovoltaic response of this material increases in the presence of bathochromic −NH2 groups on the linker or Ru (II) polypyridyl complexes light harvester. These results show that the strategies typically employed in photocatalysis to enhance the photocatalytic activity of MOFs can also be applied in the field of photovoltaic devices.
Enhanced Photoinduced Electron Transfer Through a Tyrosine Relay in a De Novo Designed Protein Scaffold Bearing a Photoredox Unit and a FeIIS4 Site
Authors: Tebo Alison , Quaranta Annamaria , Pecoraro Vincent L. , Aukauloo Ally 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElectron transfer (ET) processes in biology over long distances often proceed via a series of hops, which reduces the distance dependence of the rate of ET. The protein matrix itself can be involved in mediating ET directly through the participation of redox‐active amino acids. We have designed an electron transfer chain incorporated into a de novo protein scaffold, which is capable of photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer between a photoredox unit and a FeIIS4 site through a tyrosine amino acid relay. The kinetics were characterized by nanosecond laser pulse photolysis and revealed that electron transfer from [RuIIIbpymal]3+ proceeds most efficiently via a tyrosine located ∼16 Å from Rubpymal (bpymal=1‐((1‐([2,2′‐bipyridin]‐4‐yl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl)‐1H‐pyrrole‐2,5‐dione). Removal of the tyrosine as the electron relay station results in a 20‐fold decrease in the apparent rate constant for the electron transfer.
Excited State Proton Transfer of Quinone Cyanine 9: Implications on the Origin of Super‐Photoacidity
Authors: Lee Changmin , Chung Seyoung , Song Hayoung , Rhee Young Min , Lee Eunsung , Joo Taiha 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the Ultrafast Dynamics Laboratory at Pohang University of Science and Technology (Republic of Korea). The image shows the initial snapshot of quinone cyanine 9 that is undergoing excited‐state proton transfer on a very fast time scale aided by the solvation of water molecules. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cptc.202000254.
A new single‐stage continuous input current‐based high gain boost inverter: Analysis and implementation
Authors: Shaw Priyabrata , Hasan Saad Ul , Khan Md. Noman Habib , Siwakoti Yam P. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThis paper proposes a wide input voltage range‐based high gain boost inverter. The proposed single power stage inverter provides a high voltage gain direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) conversion with good AC power quality. The circuit also exhibits a continuous input current feature that reduces the additional filtering requirement and suitable for various sources, for example, solar photovoltaic (PV), battery, and fuel cell. Additionally, this topology uses reduced number of semiconductor switches as compared to similar voltage gain conventional inverter topologies. An exhaustive steady‐state mathematical analysis has been performed to obtain various voltage and current relationships including DC to AC voltage conversion ratio. A comprehensive performance comparison has been presented to highlight the key advantages of the proposed topology as compared to existing boost inverters. A 300‐W prototype has been built to validate the operating principle and performance of the proposed boost inverter.