bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beneficiary Effects of Colchicine on Inflammation and Fibrosis in A Mouse Model of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Landau Daniel , Shukri Nehoray , Arazi Eden , Tobar Ana , Segev Yael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Low grade inflammation is seen in many chronic illnesses, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). We have recently reported on beneficiary effects of anti-inflammatory treatment in the interleukin (IL-)1 pathway on anemia as well as CKD extent in a mouse model. Colchicine has been shown to have beneficiary effects in several inflammatory conditions through various mechanisms, including inhibition of tubulin polymerization as well as caspase 1 mediated IL1 activation.Methods: CKD was induced by administering an adenine diet to 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice. Mice were treated with colchicine (Col) (30µg/kg) or saline injections for 3 weeks, generating 4 groups: C, C-Col, CKD and CKD-Col.Results: Uremic animals had an increase in inflammation indices in blood (neutrophils), liver and kidneys (p-STAT3, IL-6, SOCS-3). Increased kidney tubulin polymerization and caspase 1 in CKD, as well as kidney Mid88 and IRAK4 (downstream of IL1) were inhibited in CKD-Col. Kidney macrophage infiltration (F4/80 and MAC-2), the percentage of fibrotic area and TGFb mRNA levels were lower in CKD-Col Vs CKD.Conclusions: colchicine improves kidney macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in CKD through inhibition of tubulin polymerization and Caspase 1 activation. Given its reported safety profile for long term anti-inflammatory therapy without increasing infection tendency, it may serve as novel therapeutic approach in CKD.
Serum S100A8/A9 Concentrations are Associated with Neuropsychiatric Involvement and Fatigue in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zervides Kristoffer A , Jern Andreas , Nystedt Jessika , Gullstrand Birgitta , Nilsson Petra C , Sundgren Pia C , Bengtsson Anders A , Jönsen Andreas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Neuropsychiatric (NP) involvement and fatigue are major problems in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). S100A8/A9 is a marker of inflammation and responds to therapy in SLE patients. S100A8/A9 has an immunopathogenic role in various neurological diseases. We investigated S100A8/A9 in relation to NP-involvement and fatigue in SLE. Methods 72 consecutive SLE outpatients at a tertiary centre and 26 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. NPSLE was determined by specialists in rheumatology and neurology and defined according to three attribution models: “ACR”, “SLICC A” and “SLICC B”. Cerebral MRI was assessed by a neuroradiologist and neurocognitive testing by a neuropsychologist. The individuals were assessed by scores of pain (VAS), fatigue (VAS and FSS), depression (MADRS-S), and health-related life quality (EQ5D). Concentrations of S100A8/A9 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were measured with ELISA. Statistical calculations were performed using non-parametric methods. Results Serum concentrations of S100A8/A9 were higher in NPSLE patients compared with non-NPSLE patients when applying the ACR and SLICC A models, but not significant when applying the SLICC B model (medians 1400 ng/ml; 920 ng/ml, p=0.011; 1560 ng/ml; 1090 ng/ml, p=0.050; 1460 ng/ml; 1090 ng/ml, p=0.083, respectively). The concentrations were higher in SLE patients compared with controls (medians 1230 ng/ml; 790 ng/ml, p=0.023). No differences of CSF S100A8/A9 concentrations were observed between NPSLE and non-NPSLE patients. SLE patients with depression or cognitive dysfunction as an ACR NPSLE manifestation had higher serum S100A8/A9 concentrations than non-NPSLE patients (median 1460 ng/ml, p=0.007 and 1380 ng/ml, p=0.013, respectively). Higher serum S100A8/A9 correlated with higher VAS fatigue (r=0.31; p=0.008), VAS pain (r=0.27, p=0.021), and lower EQ5D (r=-0.29, p=0.014) in SLE patients. NPSLE was associated with higher plasma CRP concentrations, higher scores of fatigue and pain, lower EQ5D, and fewer weekly work hours. Serum S100A8/A9 was not independently associated with NPSLE when adjusting for plasma CRP, and scores of fatigue (FSS) and pain (VAS), (OR 1.70, 95% CI 0.82-3.53, p=0.15). Conclusions Serum S100A8/A9 concentrations may be associated with NPSLE and fatigue. S100A8/A9 may be of interest in evaluating NPSLE, although further investigations are needed.
An Evidence-based General Anesthesia and Prone Position Nursing Checklist: Development and Testing
Authors: Cai Jianshu , Huang Xiaoling , He Lifang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background and Aim: Prone positioning during general anesthesia is one of the most difficult practices for the perioperative nurse. Patients in this position are vulnerable to many preventable complications. However, no studies have developed an evidenced-based tool to improve nursing practice during general anesthesia and prone positioning. This study aimed to develop and test a general anesthesia and prone position nursing checklist for use by the circulating nurse. Methods: The WHO checklist development model and evidence-based methods guided the checklist development process. A prospective pre-post study was performed between November 2020 and March 2021. We prospectively observed circulating nurses that attended to prone general anesthesia during posterior lumbar spine surgery for three months before and after the introduction of the general anesthesia and prone position nursing risk checklist. The main outcomes were successful delivery of essential prone positional nursing practices during each surgery and the nurse's opinion of the checklist’s efficacy and utility. Results: A general anesthesia and prone position nursing checklist comprised of 4 pause points and 22 necessary nursing practices was developed. Seventy-two nurses participated in this study. Use of the checklist significantly increased the average performance of essential practices during each surgery from 72.72% to 95.45%. Three measures had a compliance rate of 100%. The delivery rate of 14 measures was significantly improved, 91.7% of nurses considered the checklist easy to use, and 94.4% nurses would want the checklist to be used if they underwent a prone position and general anesthesia operation. Conclusions: A general anesthesia and prone position nursing checklist was developed. The instrument was found to be an effective and positively received tool for facilitating key measures of prone positioning during nursing care, translating evidence into practice, and standardizing the nursing process.
Endoscopic Ultrasound Miniprobe and Single Balloon Enteroscopy: A Diagnostic Tool for Investigating Small Bowel Lesions
Authors: Cannizzaro Renato , Magris Raffaella , Maiero Stefania , Navarria Luca , Fornasarig Mara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The set of balloon-assisted enteroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) together can further improve the diagnosis of small bowel submucosal lesions. We reported our experience on clinical utility of the EUS miniprobe UM-3Y in the investigation of lesions of small bowel during single balloon enteroscopy (SBE). Methods: Between 2014 and 2017 we investigated 14 consecutive patients with symptoms, the suspect of small bowel tumor or inflammatory bowel disease. Almost all patients underwent video-capsule endoscopy before SBE. Results: EUS permitted us to better characterize lesions detected with SBE procedure with no complications and it permitted to exclude the presence of lesions in some doubtful cases.Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that EUS with miniprobe UM-3Y, associated with SBE, is an important diagnostic tool for investigating, with high accuracy, small bowel lesions. This can let to establish a better management of small bowel lesions.
An Exploration of Trifluridine/Tipiracil in Combination with Irinotecan in Patients with Pretreated Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Mizukami Takuro , Minashi Keiko , Hara Hiroki , Nishina Tomohiro , Amanuma Yusuke , Takahashi Naoki , Nakasya Akio , Takahashi Masaki , Nakajima Takako Eguchi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) and irinotecan are treatment options for heavily pretreated patients with advanced gastric cancer but with limited efficacies. We investigated the combination of FTD/TPI and irinotecan for such patients.Methods: Patients who refractory to fluoropyrimidine, platinum and taxane were enrolled into four cohorts (Level 1A/1B/2A/2B) used an escalated dose of irinotecan [100 (Level 1) or 125 mg/m2 (Level 2) on days 1 and 15] with 2 schedules of FTD/TPI 35 mg/m2/dose: twice daily, on days 1-5 and 8-12 (Level A) or on days 1-5 and days 15-19 (Level B) of a 28-day cycle. The primary and secondary objectives were determination of maximum tolerated dose, dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) , and evaluation of disease control rate (DCR), respectively. Results: Eleven patients were enrolled; 2 at Level 1A, 3 at Level 1B and 6 at Level 2B. DLTs occurred in 2/2 patient at Level 1A, and 2/6 patients at Level 2B. Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events were neutropenia (90.9%), leukopenia (54.5%), anemia (45.5%) and febrile neutropenia (18.2%). One patient at Level 2B achieved partial response and the DCR was 72.7% (95% CI 39.0- 94.0%). The median progression-free survival and overall survival was 3.0 months (95% CI 0.92- not reached) and 10.2 months (95% CI 2.2- not reached), respectively.Conclusion: The RP2D of FTD/TPI combined with irinotecan was determined to be Level 1B with manageable hematologic toxicities and feasible non-hematologic toxicities. Further evaluation for its efficacy in the RP2D is necessary. Mini-abstract: A phases Ib study of trifluridine/tipiracil in combination with irinotecan for advanced gastric cancer determined the recommended dose with manageable hematologic toxicities and feasible non-hematologic toxicities.
Plagued by a cryptic clock: Insight and issues from the global phylogeny of Yersinia pestis
Authors: Eaton Katherine , Featherstone Leo , Duchene Sebastian , Carmichael Ann , Varlık Nükhet , Golding Brian , Holmes Edward , Poinar Hendrik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Plague has an enigmatic history as a zoonotic pathogen. This potentially devastating infectious disease will unexpectedly appear in human populations and disappear just as suddenly. As a result, a long-standing line of inquiry has been to estimate when and where plague appeared in the past. However, there have been significant disparities between phylogenetic studies of the causative bacterium, Yersinia pestis, regarding the timing and geographic origins of its reemergence. Here, we curate and contextualize an updated phylogeny of Y. pestis using 601 genome sequences sampled globally. We perform a detailed Bayesian evaluation of temporal signal in subsets of these data and demonstrate that a Y. pestis-wide molecular clock model is unstable. To resolve this, we devised a new approach in which each Y. pestis population was assessed independently. This enabled us to recover significant temporal signal in five populations, including the ancient pandemic lineages which we now estimate may have emerged decades, or even centuries, before a pandemic was historically documented from European sources. Despite this, we only obtain robust divergence dates from populations sampled over a period of at least 90 years, indicating that genetic evidence alone is insufficient for accurately reconstructing the timing and spread of short-term plague epidemics. Finally, we identify key historical data sets that can be used in future research, which will complement the strengths and mitigate the weaknesses of genomic data.
Epigenetic Reprogramming and Landscape of Transcriptomic
Interactions: Impending Therapeutic Interference of Triple-Negative
Breast Cancer in Molecular Medicine
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes 
Published: December 2021

:
The mechanisms governing the development and progression of cancers are
believed to be the consequence of hereditary deformities and epigenetic modifications.
Accordingly, epigenetics has become an incredible and progressively explored field of
research to discover better prevention and therapy for neoplasia, especially triple-negative
breast cancer (TNBC). It represents 15–20% of all invasive breast cancers and will, in
general, have bellicose histological highlights and poor clinical outcomes. In the early
phases of triple-negative breast carcinogenesis, epigenetic deregulation modifies
chromatin structure and influences the plasticity of cells. It up-keeps the oncogenic
reprogramming of malignant progenitor cells with the acquisition of unrestrained selfrenewal
capacities. Genomic impulsiveness in TNBC prompts mutations, copy number
variations, as well as genetic rearrangements, while epigenetic remodeling includes an
amendment by DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs of gene
expression profiles. It is currently evident that epigenetic mechanisms assume a
significant part in the pathogenesis, maintenance, and therapeutic resistance of TNBC.
Although TNBC is a heterogeneous malaise that is perplexing to describe and treat, the
ongoing explosion of genetic and epigenetic research will help to expand these
endeavors. Latest developments in transcriptome analysis have reformed our
understanding of human diseases, including TNBC at the molecular medicine level. It is
appealing to envision transcriptomic biomarkers to comprehend tumor behavior more
readily regarding its cellular microenvironment. Understanding these essential biomarkers
and molecular changes will propel our capability to treat TNBC adequately. This review
will depict the different aspects of epigenetics and the landscape of transcriptomics in
triple-negative breast carcinogenesis and their impending application for diagnosis,
prognosis, and treatment decision with the view of molecular medicine.
HIV Stigma Reduction Interventions Among Health Care Providers and
Students in Different Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohammadifirouzeh Mona , Oh Kyeung Mi , Tanner Susan 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Health care providers’ stigmatizing attitudes are obstacles to patients’ well-
being and quality of life. Dealing with HIV-related stigma and understanding the impact of feasible
interventions on reducing stigmatizing attitudes among health care providers are considered important
strategies to improve the quality of HIV care, patient-provider relationships, and provide
supportive and safe care services.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to systematically review interventions to reduce HIV-related
stigma among health care providers.

Methods:
This systematic review was performed using Medline, CINAHL, ERIC, and APA PsycInfo,
Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition to search for quasi-experimental studies and randomized
controlled trials (RCTs) designed to reduce HIV stigma among health care providers. The
quality of eligible research studies was independently appraised by two reviewers.

Results:
A total of 774 studies were screened, 100 articles were assessed for eligibility, and 10
studies met the inclusion criteria. All interventions effectively reduced HIV-related stigma. Elements
of successful interventions included knowledge modules, peer education, patients’ testimonials,
Photovoice-informed stigma reduction training, stigma-free space intervention, and popular
opinion leaders. Interventions were assessed and compared in terms of contents, delivery modes,
HIV stigma measurements, follow-up, and limitations.

Conclusions:
This systematic review supports the effectiveness of in-person educational interventions
at reducing HIV-related stigma among health care providers across countries. Comparisons of
delivery modes of interventions indicated that educational interventions delivered by patients’ testimonials
and peer education strategies are more promising than lecture-based teaching methods. Further
studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of interventions on clinical behaviors and
practices.
A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of the Effectiveness of Peer- versus Faculty-led Simulation for Clinical Skills Acquisition in Undergraduate Student Nurses. MSc Project Findings
Authors: Clarke Daniel , Williamson Graham , Stebbings Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Background:Clinical skills learning is an integral part of undergraduate nursing programmes in United Kingdom nurse education. Faculty staff teach some elements of clinical skills, and some are taught by clinicians in practice. International evidence indicates that some students feel overly anxious when taught by faculty members but less so with their peers, meaning that peer-led clinical skills teaching and learning might reduce anxiety and facilitate the acquisition and retention of skills education.Objective:The objective of this systematic review was to explore the research relating to undergraduate student nurses’ acquisition of skills within the simulation setting, particularly the associations between peer-led and lecturer-led learning.Methods:A systematic review of the literature was used to find all available evidence. A search of nine healthcare databases using Boolean and MeSH search terms including ‘Peer-to-peer’, ‘Clinical Skill*’, ‘Simulat*’, and ‘Student Nurs*’ was undertaken. Due to the heterogeneity of the research found, statistical meta-analysis was not possible, and so a narrative synthesis based on thematic analysis was conducted, which involved three-person research team critically appraising nine articles for inclusion in the review.Results:Articles were located from worldwide sources.Three main themes in the findings were: psychological factors, motor skills, and educational issues. The use of peers can help to increase students’ motor skills, improved the psychological impact of skills and learning, and offered students a chance to be active participants in their education.Conclusion:Having explored the literature, we conclude that peer-to-peer teaching and learning could have a place in undergraduate nursing education; however, it is not clear if student nurses’ skills acquisition is more effective if mediated by peer- or lecturer-led teaching. Further research is required in this area to quantify and compare outcomes.
A Digital Health Innovation to Prevent Relapse and Support Recovery in Youth Receiving Specialized Services for First-Episode Psychosis: Protocol for a Pilot Pre-Post, Mixed Methods Study of Horyzons-Canada (Phase 2)
Authors: Lal Shalini , Gleeson John F , D'Alfonso Simon , Etienne Geraldine , Joober Ridha , Lepage Martin , Lee Hajin , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundPsychotic disorders are among the most disabling of all mental disorders. The first-episode psychosis (FEP) often occurs during adolescence or young adulthood. Young people experiencing FEP often face multiple barriers in accessing a comprehensive range of psychosocial services, which have predominantly been delivered in person. New models of service delivery that are accessible, sustainable, and engaging are needed to support recovery in youth diagnosed with FEP.ObjectiveIn this paper, we describe a protocol to implement and evaluate the acceptability, safety, and potential efficacy of an online psychosocial therapeutic intervention designed to sustain recovery and prevent relapses in young adults diagnosed with FEP. This intervention was originally developed and tested in Australia and has been adapted for implementation and evaluation in Canada and is called Horyzons-Canada (HoryzonsCa).MethodsThis cohort study is implemented in a single-center and applies a pre-post mixed methods (qualitative-quantitative convergent) design. The study involves recruiting 20 participants from a specialized early intervention program for psychosis located in Montreal, Canada and providing them with access to the HoryzonsCa intervention for 8 weeks. Data collection includes interview-based psychometric measures, self-reports, focus groups, and interviews.ResultsThis study received funding from the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (United States), the Quebec Health Research Funding Agency (Canada), and the Canada Research Chairs Program. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Board of the Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal on April 11, 2018 (#IUSMD 17-54). Data were collected from August 16, 2018, to April 29, 2019, and a final sample of 20 individuals participated in the baseline and follow-up interviews, among which 9 participated in the focus groups. Data analysis and reporting are in process. The results of the study will be submitted for publication in 2021.ConclusionsThis study will provide preliminary evidence on the acceptability, safety, and potential efficacy of using a digital health innovation adapted for the Canadian context to deliver specialized mental health services to youth diagnosed with FEP.Trial RegistrationISRCTN Registry ISRCTN43182105; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN43182105International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR1-10.2196/28141
GESTÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA VERSUS PERFORMATIVIDADE:
Authors: Ziliotto Alcione , Poli Odilon Luiz 
Published: December 2021

Atendendo às expectativas da nova economia mundial, organismos econômicos internacionais (Banco Mundial, FMI, OCDE) passaram a desenvolver mecanismos de indução à transformação no desenvolvimento da educação. Nesse contexto, adquire evidência e centralidade as categorias do gerencialismo e da performatividade, cuja lógica possibilita a substituição da fiscalização das ações pelo controle de resultados. A partir disso, as instituições passaram a responder à pressão por resultados, essenciais ao sucesso num contexto em que os rankings definem a percepção de qualidade das instituições. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como as universidades estão agindo para responder às pressões postas pelas exigências da performatividade. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida na forma de um estudo de caso, envolvendo três universidades localizadas na região sul do país, sendo uma particular, uma pública e uma comunitária, localizadas, respectivamente nas cidades de Curitiba (PR), Chapecó (SC) e Lageado (RS). Para a coleta de dados, além da análise documental, foram desenvolvidas seis entrevistas com gestores universitários, cuja a análise fundamentou-se nos pressupostos da análise de conteúdo. Dessa análise, identificamos como tendências que: os gestores das instituições estudadas incorporaram em suas práticas, em grande medida, os princípios e as práticas que caracterizam os princípios do gerencialismo e a lógica da performatividade, vistos como uma condição de sobrevivência das instituições no atual cenário. A incorporação desses princípios revelou-se mais evidente nas instituições privada e comunitária, as quais convivem com as relações de concorrência. Esse fato é menos evidente na instituição pública.