bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical Care Requirements Under Uncontrolled Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Martínez-Alés Gonzalo , Domingo-Relloso Arce , Arribas José R. , Quintana-Díaz Manuel , Hernán Miguel A. ,   the COVID@HULP Group
Published: March 2021

Objectives. To estimate the critical care bed capacity that would be required to admit all critical COVID-19 cases in a setting of unchecked SARS-CoV-2 transmission, both with and without elderly-specific protection measures. Methods. Using electronic health records of all 2432 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a large hospital in Madrid, Spain, between February 28 and April 23, 2020, we estimated the number of critical care beds needed to admit all critical care patients. To mimic a hypothetical intervention that halves SARS-CoV-2 infections among the elderly, we randomly excluded 50% of patients aged 65 years and older. Results. Critical care requirements peaked at 49 beds per 100 000 on April 1—2 weeks after the start of a national lockdown. After randomly excluding 50% of elderly patients, the estimated peak was 39 beds per 100 000. Conclusions. Under unchecked SARS-CoV-2 transmission, peak critical care requirements in Madrid were at least fivefold higher than prepandemic capacity. Under a hypothetical intervention that halves infections among the elderly, critical care peak requirements would have exceeded the prepandemic capacity of most high-income countries. Public Health Implications. Pandemic control strategies that rely exclusively on protecting the elderly are likely to overwhelm health care systems.
UNDERSTANDING THE FACTORS INFLUENCING BANKING CUSTOMERS’ FINANCIAL ASSET OWNERSHIP
Authors: Yumna Aimatul , Marta Joan 
Published: March 2021

The objective of this study is to evaluate the factors which influence banking customers' financial asset ownership. Using the pyramid of Maslahah framework, the study classifies the needs of banking customers into four levels: those for basic financial services (hajjiyat); for financial assets for security or as a precaution (darruriyat); for financial assets for investment (tahsiniyah); and those for financial assets for religious purposes. To answer the research questions, a binomial logistic model was applied and the primary data were collected using a questionnaire survey with 300 respondents in Indonesia. It was found that the pattern of ownership of financial assets follows the order proposed in the theory of the pyramid of Maslahah. The study also found that financial asset ownership for transaction needs was mainly influenced by the variables of income and credit and that ownership of such assets for security or precautionary needs was largely determined by life cycle variables. In addition, ownership for investment needs was strongly influenced by the level of education, and for religious needs it was mainly determined by income levels and life cycle variables. The study findings provide important information for mapping the financial needs of Islamic banking customers.
The motivational profile does matter: an exploratory survey on the influence of remote office work on physical behavior during the COVID19 lockdown
Authors: Cabrita Miriam , Bulthuis Roos , Tabak Monique 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Most office workers were forced to work remotely due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, possibly leading to a reconfiguration of settled patterns of physical behavior, often characterized by a sedentary lifestyle. This study aimed to investigate the motivational profile, facilitators, and barriers that might have influenced a change in physical activity while working remotely due to the COVID-19 lockdown.Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed in May-June 2020 including demographics, self-reported physical- and work behavior throughout the day before and during the lockdown, Sports Motivation Scale-II assessing motivation for being physically active, and rating on facilitators and barriers for engaging in physical activity during the lockdown. One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test was computed to investigate differences between those participants who become more-, less-, and equally active during the COVID-19 lockdown.Results: Ninety-nine people (Female=66) completed the questionnaire. Forty-four percent of the participants considered themselves less active than before the lockdown. Respondents reporting becoming more physically active (28%) were more intrinsically motivated than the remaining participants. The most important facilitators for physical activity were ‘good weather’, ‘no work-related travel’, and ‘flexible work schedules’. The most important barriers were ‘no active transportation’, ‘closed facilities’, and ‘work fatigue’. Conclusions: Strategies that adapt to the weather and fit the work schedule could facilitate physical activity among remote office workers. The results of this study will be used to design interventions to promote an active lifestyle among office workers, personalized to their motivation profile, needs, and preferences.
Artifact Removed Quantitative Analysis Of Choriocapillaris Flow Voids
Authors: Ersoz M. Giray , Hocaoglu Mumin , Muslubas Isil Sayman , Arf Serra , Yildiz Erdost , Karacorlu Murat 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate choriocapillaris flow voids (FV) with a new optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) image processing strategy to exclude artifacts due to vitreous opacities, subretinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) fluid and deposits, and subretinal fluid (SRF) by thresholding the en-face OCT image of the outer retina.Methods: This retrospective study included 15 eyes with drusen and 15 eyes with SRF. Number (FVn), average area (FVav), and maximum area (FVmax) of FV and the percentage of the nonperfused choriocapillaris area (PNPCA) obtained using the proposed strategy were compared with those obtained by removing only artifacts due to superficial capillary plexus (SCP).Results: There were three eyes with autosomal dominant drusen and 12 eyes with drusen secondary to non-exudative AMD in the drusen group. SRF group included 15 eyes with active central serous chorioretinopathy. PNPCA, FVav, FVmax, and FVn obtained using the algorithm were significantly lower than those obtained by removing only SCP in both groups (all p< 0.05). The algorithm was able to remove 94.7% of artifacts secondary to vitreous opacities and all artifacts secondary to serous pigment epithelial detachments. Conclusion: Nonperfusion areas of choriocapillaris may be overestimated in eyes with RPE abnormalities and SRF. These areas can be removed using thresholded images of the outer retina en-face OCT scans.
The bifurcation and bump signs: optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings overlying neurosensory retinal detachment
Authors: Bloom Steven , Singal Inder 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose To expand the description of a common OCT finding of outer plexiform layer (OPL) splitting overlying neurosensory retinal detachment from various causes, along with a thickened outer plexiform bump at the transition from attached to detached retina.Methods etrospective review of our practice’s image teaching collection and database of retina journal articles looking for representative examples of OPL splitting overlying macular detachment. Each of our patient’s scans were then analyzed to see if the location or angle of detachment influenced these findings.Results We analyzed 12 eyes (12 patients) with splitting of the OPL within paracentral detached retina (the “bifurcation sign”) from various causes. A localized thickening of the OPL (the “bump sign”) was present in 6 of these eyes. Although explicitly described in only one publication, the bifurcation sign could be found in numerous prior publications within our journal database. The bump sign, also explicitly described in one prior publication, was also seen in most of these published cases. Surprisingly, these findings appeared unrelated to either the angle of detachment or nasal versus temporal location. We then synthesized our findings with the current literature to help elucidate what this can teach us about current OCT nomenclature for the outer plexiform and outer nuclear layers.Conclusion OPL changes are commonly found with retinal detachment. We suggest a modified classification of the OCT OPL and outer nuclear layers which is only applicable when the normal OCT anatomy is altered either by the OCT technician or overlying retinal detachment.
Second-trimester prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18 associated with elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein level, bilateral multiple choroid plexus cysts, cleft lip and palate, and atrioventricular septal defect, and review of the literature
Authors: Chen Yiming , Ning Wenwen , Chen Yijie , Huai Lei , Huang Anqian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: To present the prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18 and to review of the literature. Case: A 29-year-old pregnant woman was showed high risk of trisomy 18 by maternal serum screening at 16 weeks' of gestation, showing elevated AFP(125 U/mL, 3.25 MoM), low free β-hCG (3.29 ng/mL,0.11MoM), low PAPP-A (1120 mU/L, 0.31MoM). She asked for an amniocentesis because the risk value for trisomy 18 was 1/5 and trisomy 21 was 1/77121. Results: The results of amniocentesis on Prenatal BoBs revealed a fetus with trisomy 18, whose karyotype of amniotic fluid cells was 47, XY, +18. Ultrasonography demonstrated intrauterine pregnancy, single live fetus, multiple abnormalities including "strawberry head ", bilateral multiple choroid plexus cysts, cleft lip and palate, and atrioventricular septal defect. The pregnancy was terminated subsequently. Conclusion: Trisomy 18 can be identified in prenatal screening with advanced maternal age, abnormal maternal serum screen results, and multi-structural abnormal ultrasonography results. Fetuses with trisomy 18 may be associated with congenital heart disease, neural tube malformation, abdominal valgus, omphalocele, multiple cysts in bilateral choroid plexus, cleft lip and palate, elevated AFP, and decreased free β-hCG and PAPP-A.
Sustainable multi-trip periodic redesign-routing model for municipal solid waste collection network: The case study of Tehran
Authors: Mahdavi Leila , Mansour Saeed , Sajadieh Mohsen Sheikh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Daily transportation of vehicles is one of the most important challenges in municipal solid waste management systems in developing countries related to environmental aspects in different areas, financial issues, and social factors. The location of transfer stations as intermediate nodes in municipal solid waste management network affects optimal collection frequency. Here a sustainable multi-period and multi-trip mixed-integer linear programming model was developed to redesign the intermediate transfer stations and find optimal routes for vehicles and the best collection frequency for each municipal solid waste generation point. Regarding the social aspect of sustainability, an extended social life cycle assessment methodology is developed for impact assessment of redesign and routing operations. The model is applied to a real-world case study with no cooperative perspective, which could result in total cost reduction by a 66% that occurred by a 86% reduction in weekly traveled distance and a 12% decrease in routing social score.
Allele Frequencies For 20 Autosomal Microsatellite Loci In The Kenyan Population
Authors: Lelo Eric Agola , Kinyua Johnson , Aluvaala Eva Kalamera , Kiarie William Chege , Chege Carlo Wamaitha 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Samples from 180 unrelated persons of Kenyan descent collected at a DNA testing facility in Nairobi were genotyped using the PowerPlex21® STR kit to generate the first indigenous 20 autosomal STR allele frequency table for use in forensic analysis of human DNA in Kenya. Informed consent for use of the samples for this study was obtained with de-identification procedures employed in accordance with recommendations from the Scientific and Ethics Review Unit at the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI). The markers amplified for the generation of the allele frequency table were D3S1358, D13S317, PentaE, D16S539, D18S51, D2S1338, CSF1PO, Penta D,THO1, vWA, D21S11, D7S820, TPOX, D8S1179, FGA, D2S1338, D5S818, D6S1043, D12S391, and D19S433. A high degree of gene diversity was observed in this population with average PIC values and heterozygosity of 0.799 and0.831 respectively across the 20 loci. Cumulatively, 182 alleles were detected in the Kenyan population analysed across the 20 STR loci. The lowest allele frequency value was 0.003 where one occurrence of the allele was observed while the highest allele frequency was 0.36 for allele 16 marker D3S1358. Polymorphism information content (PIC) results ranged from0.69 to 0.90 with Penta E returning the highest score. The high PIC score shows that the additional markers offer amore informative value of the genetic markers in this data set. The power of discrimination ranged from 89% to97% with a combined power of discrimination of 99.99%. The combined match probability, a measure in population genetics that is used to measure the chance of an unrelated person, arbitrarily picked out of the common population and having an identical genotype as that derived from the reference sample or the evidence, was 4.34 x 10-26.The dataset generated in the present study has been demonstrated to be highly valuable in discriminating between two individual genotypes and greatly amplifies the power of discrimination available to Kenyan forensic DNA testing facilities. The loci included in this dataset comprise the commonly used loci in the US, Europe and Asia and the development of this allele frequency table increases the data sharing possibilities between local and international forensic DNA testing facilities.
Twin-assisted cracking degradation in sodium layered oxide cathodes
Authors: Chen Cheng , Han Zhen , Liang Chaoping , Feng Yiming , Wang Peng , Wei Weifeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Twinning defects often present in crystalline materials when are subject to mechanical stimuli and are mostly affecting their physicochemical properties. The twinning formation and twin-related degradation upon cycling in sodium layered oxides (SLOs) are poorly understood. Combining atomic-resolution imaging, spectroscopy and first principles calculations, we reveal that growth twinning is unexpectedly common in the SLO materials and the twin boundaries show distinct structural and chemical characters from those identified in lithium layered oxides. A unique O-P-O twinning plane was identified in the O3 type SLO materials. We discover that twin-assisted Na diffusion cause large volume variations and trigger intragranular fracture during electrochemical cycling. The present findings not only establish a robust correlation between growth twinning and intragranular cracking in SLOs, but also offer general implications for the development of high-performing intercalation electrode materials by regulating crystallographic defects.
Accurate diagnosis of cases with umbilical hypo-coiled cord: a study at a single perinatal center
Authors: Takita Hiroko , Nakamura Masamitsu , Tokunaka Mayumi , Arakaki Tatsuya , Goto Minako , Saito Mizue , Hamada Shoko , Oba Tomohiro , Matsuoka Ryu , Sekizawa Akihiko 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To compare whether it is more accurate to diagnose hypo-coiled cords at 20 or 36 weeks’ gestation. Method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Showa University Hospital. In this study, an antenatal UCI below the 10th percentile was defined as a hypo-coiled cord at 20 and 36 weeks’ gestation. After delivery, a hypo-coiled cord was defined as having a UCI < 0.1. The medical records of all neonates born at Showa University Hospital after 36 weeks’ gestation between 2011 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: From January 2011 to December 2017, 3400 foetuses were born at our hospital after 36 weeks’ gestation and underwent screening at both 20 and 36 weeks’ gestation. The positive predictive value (PPV) at 20 weeks’ gestation was higher than that at 36 weeks’ gestation. After delivery, 65 cases (1.8%) were diagnosed with hypo-coiled cords out of 3400 cases.Conclusion: Since hypo-coiled cords affect the prognosis of newborns, it is important to accurately evaluate the presence of hypo-coil cords before birth. In the present study, ultrasonographic evaluation of hypo-coil cords at 20 weeks’ gestation had a higher detection rate than evaluation at 36 weeks’ gestation.
Novel Mutations of TYK2 Leading to Divergent Clinical Phenotypes
Authors: Lv Ge , Sun Gan , Wu Peilin , Du Xiao , Zeng Ting , Wen Wen , Zhou Lina , An Yunfei , Tang Xuemei , He Tingyan , Zhao Xiaodong , Du Hongqiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
TYK2 deficiency is a rare Primary immunodeficiency disease caused by loss of function mutations of TYK2 gene, which is initially proposed as a subset of Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES). However, accumulating evidence suggest TYK2 deficient patients do not necessarily present with HIES characteristics, indicating a vacuum of knowledge on the exact roles of TYK2 in human immune system. Here we describe five more TYK2 deficient cases presenting with or without hyper IgE levels, atopy and distinct pathogen infection profile, which are caused by novel TYK2 mutations. These mutations were all found by high throughout sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Pathogenic effects were confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Peripheral blood mononulear cells (PBMCs) from these patients showed heterogenous responses to various cytokines treatment, including IFN-a/b/g, IL-6, IL-10, IL12 and IL-23. The homeostasis of lymphocytes is also disrupted. Based on our findings, we propose that TYK2 works as a multi-tasker in orchestrating various cytokines signaling pathways, differentially combined defects of which account for the expressed clinical manifestations.
Complete Genome Sequence of Streptomyces Sp.&nbsp;HSG2&nbsp;From Rhizosphere Soil of Mangrove in Qingmei Gang, Sanya
Authors: Pei Shengxiang , Niu Siwen , Xie Fuquan , Zhang Shuang , Wang Wenjing , Zhang Gaiyun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Streptomyces sp. HSG2, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of mangrove forest sampled at Qingmei Gang, Sanya. The complete genome sequence of the strain HSG2 was obtained using PacBio Sequel HGAP.4 and comprised of 5,282,528 base pairs with a 71.9 mol% G + C content, 4504 protein-coding genes, 71 RNAs. In silico analysis confirmed the genes associated with polysaccharide hydrolyzation, hydrocarbon degradation and aerobic denitriﬁcation. 24 natural product biosynthesis gene clusters for secondary metabolites were identified as well, including those for Streptobactin and Nystatin A1. The complete genome sequence indicated that Streptomyces sp. HSG2 will provide insight into the biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms for the secondary metabolites, and propose potential use in biotechnological and novel bioactive natural product biosynthesis applications.
Hemodynamic Instability of the Closed Fractures Femur in Children
Authors: Alkhuzai Ahmed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: This is a prospective Study to assess the occurrence of hypovolemic shock in children with traumatic isolated closed fractures femur. This is common in children and adolescent as result of trivial to high energy trauma. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was performed on children with traumatic femoral fractures from the 20th of September 2015 to the 15th August 2018. Selection of 100 patients presented with isolated closed fracture femur in children, were admitted to the Sul. Emergency Hospital. Reason was to correct the old criteria of blood transfusion immediately, without suitable indication of replacement with real blood requirements. Depend on the children clinical parameters rather than on hemoglobin or hematocrit concentration; pulse rate. Systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, Skin capillary refill time, and the mental status. Excluded open fractures and bilateral fracture femur in children, also excluded any fracture associated with trauma to the body organ as associated injury. Results: There was no evidence of hemodynamic instability in the 100 patients of these type fractures, selection inclusion criteria of the study when compared with internationally accepted normal vital sign parameters. No any patients in the study had hemoglobin less than 8.5 g/dl, the vital sign between these groups were similar, 2-6% incidence with hemodynamic instability has found among multiple injured children with femoral fractures, has excluded from the study. Conclusions: No evidence of hemodynamic instability was found in children with traumatic isolated femoral fractures bone. The Hemoglobin and hematocrit ratios early were non dependable, later on not significantly decreased or change to abnormal rate. Depending on vital signs parameters in the femur bone fractures patients after exclusion of bilateral fractures femur, and associated injury or patients with compound fractures, we confirmed that isolated closed femoral fractures are hemodynamically stable.
ATM Knockdown renders Glioma resistant to Temozolomide by Inhibiting IFIT1 Expression
Authors: Yang Lijuan , Zhang Jinfeng , Weng Shengmei , Lin Zhixiong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy has been a standard of care in treating malignant glioma. Although TMZ chemotherapy can extend patient’s survival, resistance to TMZ is observed in most cases. The drug resistance is reported to be mainly mediated by O6- methyl guanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) expression.Methods: By means of molecular biology, cell biology, construction of nude mouse xenograft tumor model and analysis of clinical specimens, a new molecular mechanism for the regulation of TMZ chemotherapy resistance of glioma was proposed.Result: The present study indicates a pathway of TMZ resistance in glioma via suppressing ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. Whole genome expression profile of glioma cells and tissue samples revealed a positive correlation between the ATM and IF1T1, the decreased expression of which might be the underlying cause of the ATM knockdown induced TMZ resistance.Conclusions: Our study revealed that ATM silencing induced TMZ chemotherapy resistance of glioma in vitro and in vivo by inhibite IFIT1 expression, the p-ATM, IFIT1 and MGMT expression acts as a prognostic marker of glioma chemotherapy. And combination of IFIT1 and MGMT seems to be a more significant molecular marker to predict the prognosis in glioma patients.
The Monitoring for Pollution of the Sediments in the Volga River Basin (Russia)
Authors: Kolomiytsev Nikolay , Korzhenevskiy Boris , Tolkachev Gleb 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Topical issues of modern geoecology related to the study of pollution of sediments of water bodies with heavy metals are considered. The Volga River basin, within which the research was carried out, is a rather heterogeneous picture, both in geological, geomophological and hydrological terms, and in technogenic development and use. A four-level taxonomy is presented in the selection of sites for monitoring, based on a combination of natural-landscape-climatic and technogenic factors. The highest taxon (areas of category I) includes the basins of reservoirs with the adjacent slopes and the residential and industrial-agricultural structures located within them. Within these areas, smaller taxa are distinguished - areas of category II - industrial and urban areas. Areas of category III are the small rivers without significant pollution and areas of category IV are for special observations. The principles of sampling sediments, the placement of observation points and the frequency of these events in time are considered. Examples of special observations when studying the intra-annual migration of heavy metals in the system "sediments - water column" at the Ivankovo reservoir of the Upper Volga are highlighted. The studies were carried out under conditions of a standard flow rate for a given reservoir and under conditions of slow water exchange.