bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Jong Chien-Lin , Chou Wen-Jiun , Yen Cheng-Fang 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), self-harm behavior without suicidal intent, is a serious problem that is prevalent among adolescents. The fact that NSSI is listed as “condition for further study” in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, indicates that its severity is recognized in clinical medicine.

Methods:
In this paper, we review the recent literature on the risk factors for NSSI, as well as its epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, and treatment.

Results:
The prevalence of NSSI in adolescents is about 17%–18%. Notably, it is more common in girls. In psychiatric units, the reported rate of NSSI among adolescents is 60%. Considered a strategy by which adolescents blanket their emotional discomfort with physical pain, NSSI may increase the risk of developing psychiatric disorders and involve physical sequelae. NSSI has many etiologies and risk factors, including interpersonal problems, social contagion, adverse childhood experiences, and neurobiological factors. No definite evidence supports the psychopharmacological treatment of NSSI in adolescence. Recent studies showed that dialectical behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and mentalization-based treatment have therapeutic effects in adolescent patients with NSSI.

Conclusion:
NSSI is highly prevalent and highly comorbid with other psychiatric disorders. To prevent and manage this problem more effectively, further research on and understanding of the etiological characteristics is warranted.
Capacity of a Multiplex IgM Antibody Capture ELISA to Differentiate Zika and Dengue Virus Infections in Areas of Concurrent Endemic Transmission
Authors: Medina Freddy A. , Vila Frances , Premkumar Lakshmanane , Lorenzi Olga , Paz-Bailey Gabriela , Alvarado Luisa I. , Rivera-Amill Vanessa , de Silva Aravinda , Waterman Steve , Muñoz-Jordán Jorge 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT.
Serological cross-reactivity has proved to be a challenge to diagnose Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in dengue virus (DENV) endemic countries. Confirmatory testing of ZIKV IgM positive results by plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs) provides clarification in only a minority of cases because most individuals infected with ZIKV were previously exposed to DENV. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of a ZIKV/DENV DUO IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC-ELISA) for discriminating between DENV and ZIKV infections in endemic regions. Our performance evaluation included acute and convalescent specimens from patients with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed DENV or ZIKV from the Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The ZIKV/DENV DUO MAC-ELISA specificity was 100% for DENV (N = 127) and 98.4% for ZIKV (N = 275) when specimens were tested during the optimal testing window (days post-onset of illness [DPO] 6–120). The ZIKV/DENV DUO MAC-ELISA sensitivity of RT-PCR confirmed specimens reached 100% for DENV by DPO 6 and for ZIKV by DPO 9. Our new ZIKV/DENV DUO MAC-ELISA was also able to distinguish ZIKV and DENV regardless of previous DENV exposure. We conclude this novel serologic diagnostic assay can accurately discriminate ZIKV and DENV infections. This can potentially be useful considering that the more labor-intensive and expensive PRNT assay may not be an option for confirmatory diagnosis in areas that lack PRNT capacity, but experience circulation of both DENV and ZIKV.
The Influence of Corpus Luteum Size on the Conception in Embryo Transfer Recipient Cows
Authors: SAY Erkan , ÖZMEN Mehmet Ferit , SAĞIRKAYA Hakan 
Published: December 2021

The aim of study was to investigate the effect of corpus luteums (CL) size that detected
before embryo transfer on conception in recipient Holstein cows. The recipient cows utilized had at least one birth and aged 3-8 years old. PGF2α was injected 2 times space 14 days apart to cows and 87 cows which show estrous symptoms were determined as recipient. Fresh embryos were transferred after estrous in 6th-8th days. Ovaries were examined by ultrasound before transfer and CL sizes were measured. A scale of ‘++++’ were set as a result of measurements. Recipient cows were into 3 groups. The first group was named as CL2+ (n=25) and consisted of cows with ‘++’ (≥15-20< mm) size CL. The second group was named as CL3+ (n=52) and consisted of cows with ‘+++’ (≥20-25< mm) size CL. The third group was named as CL4+ (n=10) and consisted of cows with ‘++++’ (≥25 mm) size CL. The embryos were transferred to the uterine horn on the side of the CL (ipsilateral). Pregnancy rate was respectively 36%, 46.2% and 40% for groups. No statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of the effect of CL on conception (P>0.05). As a result, it was concluded that the size of the corpus luteum has no effect on the conception of cows utilized as recipients in embryo transfer.
SOSYO POLİTİK ETKİLER BAĞLAMDA ORTAYA ÇIKAN İMAM HATİP KUŞAKLARI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: AKYÜZ İsmail 
Published: December 2021

Dindar bir nesil yetiştirme ideali uzun bir süre Türkiye’de resmi politika olmamış, İmam Hatip okulları sadece din görevlisi yetiştiren eğitim kurumları olarak düşünülmüştür. Ancak 2012 yılında Recep Tayyip Erdoğan tarafından dile getirilen dindar nesil yetiştirme ideali ile ilk kez dindarlık ve bu bağlamda İmam Hatip okulları devletin toplum tasavvurunda önemli bir bileşen haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda yüz yıla yaklaşan tarihiyle İmam Hatip okullarının farklı dönemlerde yetişen nesillerinin farklı karakteristiklerinin ortaya koyulması, yetişecek nesillerin nasıl bir tarihsel tecrübeden beslendiğinin anlaşılması açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Çalışma farklı dönemlerde İmam Hatip okullarında eğitim gören kuşakları sosyopolitik etkiler bağlamında sınıflandırarak ideal tipler oluşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yaşadıkları dönemin ulusal ve küresel etkileri her kuşağın farklı karakteristiklere sahip olmasına yol açmıştır. Gözlem, doküman incelemesi ve literatür taramasına dayanan çalışmada İmam Hatip nesillerinin cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca ortaya çıkan sosyopolitik koşullarla paralel biçimde farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda birbirinden farklı özelliklere sahip olan dört İmam Hatip kuşağı tespit edilmiştir. 1951-1983 yılları arasında bu okullarda eğitim görenler “Kurucu Nesil”, 1983-1997 arası “Altın Nesil”, 1997-2012 arası “Kayıp Nesil”, 2012’den sonrası ise “Yeni Nesil” olarak adlandırılmıştır.
KELAMIN İRADE ANLAYIŞI EKSENİNDE MECBURİ EĞİTİM KONUSUNUN ELE ALINMASI
Authors: GENÇ Cafer 
Published: December 2021

Hayatî öneme sahip ve alternatifi olmayan hususlar mecburidir, alternatifi bulunan hususlar ise irade kapsamına girer ve mecburi değildir. Bununla beraber mecburilik ve iradî oluş tamamen birbirinden ayrık anlamlar değildir; birine atfedilecek anlam diğerinin de anlam içeriğini ilzam eder. Bu çerçevede mecburilik örtülü bir özgürlüğe, özgürlük de örtülü bir zorunluluğa işaret eder.
Zorunlu eğitim herkes için gerekli olan temel bilgilerin öğretilmesi esasına dayanmaktadır. Bir bilginin bizzat kendisinin “zorunlu/gerekli” olmasıyla belli amaç için “zorunlu” olarak verilme gereği duyulması arasındaki farkın ortaya konulması önemlidir. Kelâm amacı gereği her yaşta insanın “zarûrât-ı dîniyye”/ilm-î hâl kapsamındaki bazı konuları bilmesini gerekli görerek zorunlu eğitim konusuna dâhil olmaktadır. Vahyin öngördüğü insan anlayışının dayandığı bilgi sistemi ile aydınlanmanın istediği insan anlayışının/tasarımının dayandığı bilgi sistemi arasındaki ilişki kelâm açısından önemlidir. Aydınlanmanın bilgiyi zorunlu, inancı ise özgürlük kapsamda değerlendirmiş olması, bu ilişkinin ele alınmasında önemli bir hareket noktası olarak seçilebilir.
Gambaran Nyeri Pada Osteoartritis Lutut Setelah Pemberian Intervensi Dengan Modalitas Ultrasound: Literature Review
Authors: Iqomi Isnani Taqina , Abdurrachman A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract Knee Osteoarthritis is characterized by pain, deformity, and limitation of movement. To reduce pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis, interventions can be given, one of which is ultrasound with continuous current. Determine the description of pain in knee osteoarthritis after intervention with ultrasound modality. PICO writing method is used as the selection of articles in this literature review research. This article was obtained from PubMed and NCBI with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The measuring instrument used in the literature review is the visual analogue scale (VAS). The results of the literature review analysis in these five articles showed that pain reduction before the procedure were 6.79 and after the procedure were 3.43 with a difference of 3.36. From the results of the literature review of these five articles, it shows that there is a change in the depiction of pain in knee osteoarthritis patients after being given ultrasound intervention. Keywords: Knee Osteoarthritis; Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Ultrasound
Abstrak Osteortritis lutut ditandai dengan nyeri, deformitas, dan hambatan gerak. Untuk menurunkan nyeri pada pasien osteoartritis lutut dapat diberikan intervensi salah satunya adalah ultrasound dengan arus continuous. Mengetahui gambaran nyeri pada osteoartritis lutut setelah pemberian intervensi dengan modalitas ultrasound. Pemilihan artikel pada penelitian literature review ini menggunakan PICO. Artikel ini didapatkan dari PubMed dan NCBI dengan kriteria inklusi dan kriteria ekslusi yang telah ditentukan. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam literature review adalah visual analogue scale (VAS). Hasil analisis literature review pada kelima artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan nyeri sebelum tindakan 6,79 dan sesudah tindakan 3,43 dengan selisih 3,36. Dari hasil literature review kelima artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perubahan gambaran nyeri pada pasien osteoartritis lutut sesudah diberikan intervensi ultrasound. Kata Kunci : Osteoartritis Lutut, Visual Analgogue Scale (VAS), Ultrasound
Some results on the existence of weak periodic solutions for quasilinear parabolic systems with L1 data
Authors: Charkaoui Abderrahim , Kouadri Ghada , Alaa Nour Eddine 
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to prove the existence of weak periodic solution and super solution for M×M reaction diffusion system with L1 data and nonlinearity on the gradient. The existence is proved by the technique of sub and super solution and Schauder fixed point theorem.
Continuous Separation Process of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsion by Simultaneous Application of an Electrical Field Combined with a Novel Absorbent Based on Functionalised PolyHIPE Polymer
Authors: Algburi Dr. Abbas K. 
Published: December 2021

During the extraction process of crude oil, the removal of water from a high stability water-in-crude oil emulsions is life-threatening for the production of a profitable product. However, several technologies of separation exist today, e.g. stripping columns, centrifugal separators, coalescence separators, vacuum distillation systems and gravity separators, almost all of these approaches are not able to completely remove water from water-in-crude oil emulsions besides their high cost.
In this study, the preparation of a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) was achieved on a laboratory scale. Subsequently, it was polymerized and sulphonated to produce a hydrophilic macroporous polyHIPE polymer (PHP) called silane (vinyl trimethoxy silane) PHP with a relatively high surface area of 104 m 2/g. It demonstrates high water absorption capability in addition to its ability to remove surface active substances such as Mg, Ca, Na and Cl, from crude oil which cause crude oil emulsification.
The rates of demulsification of water-in-crude oil emulsions were examined in high AC field under various emulsion inlet flow rates from 100 ml/min to 1500 ml/min and different applied voltages from 1-5 kV (equivalent to 14-69 kV/m) by using a model of an electrostatic separator combined with silane PHP as absorber. It was found that the best separation efficiency was 91% with applied voltage of 5 kV and emulsion inlet flow rate of 100 ml/min. When the spent silane PHP was reused in the demulsification process under similar conditions, a separation efficiency of up to 73% was achieved. Also, it was noticed that the separation efficiency was increased with the increase in applied voltage and reduction in the inlet flow rate of emulsion. Moreover, the original or spent silane PHP were able to remove the undesired metals present in the crude oil.
Keywords: Demulsification; Emulsion flow rate; Separation efficiency; Electrostatic Separator; Electric field strength.
Extracción de oleorresina de cúrcuma (cúrcuma longa) utilizando etanol como solvente
Authors: Blandón Navarro Sandra Lorena , Ponce Arévalo Carlos Mario 
Published: December 2021

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el proceso de extracción de la oleorresina de cúrcuma utilizando etanol (97 % en volumen) como solvente. En este sentido, se llevaron a cabo experimentos de extracción de la oleorresina usando como materia prima la cúrcuma seca (13 % de humedad) con granulometría de 4.75 mm. El tiempo de extracción fue de 24 horas a 40 °C. Los resultados mostraron que el rendimiento de extracción de la oleorresina de 3.18 ± 0.14% fue influenciado por la granulometría gruesa de la materia prima, dado que fue menor al reportado en estudios previos, donde se utilizó cúrcuma molida con granulometría menor a 500 μm. En relación a la cantidad de solución adherida al sólido residual de cúrcuma se determinó que fue de 1.51 ± 0.20 g de solución/ g de sólidos. De los resultados se puede inferir que el uso de etanol en la extracción de oleorresina es técnicamente viable, sin embargo, su desempeño está influenciado por las características de la materia prima y el pretratamiento del material sólido anterior a la etapa de extracción (secado y reducción de tamaño).
EMBEDDING ORTHOMORPHISMS d-ALGEBRA IN BIORTHOMORPHISMS AS ORDERED IDEAL
Authors: GÖKCAN İbrahim 
Published: December 2021

In the historical development of Riesz spaces, we can trace the history of ordered vector spaces to the International Mathematical Congress in Bologna in 1928. Studies related with f-Algebras for the Dedekind complete ordered vector space defined in Riesz spaces were initiated by Nakano and their current definition was made by Amemiya, Birkhoff and Pierce.The revival of f-algebras, which had a tendency to slow down for a period of time, emerged as a result of Pagter's doctoral thesis [9] and the examination of Alkansas lecture notes by Luxemburg.
The concepts of homomorphism, isomorphism, orthomorphism and biorthomorphism in Riesz spaces are defined by Zaanen, Huijsmans, Boulabiar, Buskes and Triki. Algebraic structure of biorthomorphisms defined on Riesz space examined by [8]. f-Algebra on Orth(X,X) were studied by [8] and [6]. [6] demonstrated that biorthomorphisms space have an f-algebraic structure with the help of the product defined as (T_1 *_e T_2)(x,y)=T_1 (x,T_2 (e,y)) for e∈X^+, ∀x,y∈X ve T_1,T_2∈Orth(X,X).
[8] showed that if orthomorphisms are semiprime Dedekind complete f-algebras, it is an ordered ideal in biorthomorphisms. [6] developed an alternative proof for this situation. If X Archimedean Riesz space, Orth(X) is an f-algebra according to compound operation with unit element.
[10] showed that if the orthomorphism X is a semi-prime f-algebra, it is a d-algebra. In this study, we investigated embedding orthomorphism in biorthomorphisms when X is uniformly complete d-algebra.
Weather based forecast models for diseases in mustard crop
Authors: KUMAR AMRENDER , AGRAWAL RANJANA , CHATTOPADHYAY C 
Published: December 2021

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Forewarning systems can provide advance information for outbreak of pests / diseases attack. Most of the earlier workers have utilised regression models (both linear and non-linear) for pests / diseases forewarning. Artificial Neural Network (ANNs) techniques are in vogue due to their wide range of applicability and the ease with which they can treat complicated problems even if the data are imprecise and noisy. This methodology has been explored for forewarning Alternaria Blight and Powdery mildew in mustard for maximum disease severity, crop age at first appearance of disease and crop age at maximum disease severity as response variables and weather indices as predictors for three locations namely Bharatpur, Dholi and Berhampur. In this study, two types of neural network architectures namely Multilayer perceptron (MLP) and Radial basis function (RBF) were attempted and compared with weather indices based regression model and it has been found that a MLP performs best in terms of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE).
Early-Middle Ordovician cephalopods from Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen – a pelagic fauna with Laurentian affinities
Authors: Kröger Björn , Pohle Alexander 
Published: December 2021

The collection of cephalopods from eight sampling horizons within the Olenidsletta Member, Valhallfonna Formation, Floian–Dapingian, from Profilstranda and nearby Profilbekken, Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen, resulted in the detection of 31 species, 20 genera, and 12 families from the Ellesmerocerida, Endocerida, Riocerida, Dissidocerida, Orthocerida, Tarphycerida, and Oncocerida. Of these, five genera (Ethanoceras gen. nov., Hinlopoceras gen. nov., Nyfrieslandoceras gen. nov., Olenidslettoceras gen. nov., Svalbardoceras gen. nov.) and 19 species (Bactroceras fluvii sp. nov., Buttsoceras buldrebreenense sp. nov., Cycloplectoceras hinlopense sp. nov., Cyclostomiceras profilstrandense sp. nov., Deltoceras beluga sp. nov., Eosomichelinoceras borealis sp. nov., Ethanoceras solitudines gen. et sp. nov., Hemichoanella occulta sp. nov., Hinlopoceras tempestatis gen. et sp. nov., H. venti gen. et sp. nov., Lawrenceoceras ebenus sp. nov., L. larus sp. nov., Litoceras profilbekkenense sp. nov., Nyfrieslandoceras bassleroceroides gen. et sp. nov., Olenidslettoceras farmi gen. et sp. nov., Protocycloceras minor sp. nov., Proterocameroceras valhallfonnense sp. nov., Svalbardoceras sterna gen. et sp. nov., S. skua gen. et sp. nov.) are new. The diagnoses of the Cyptendoceratidae, Bactroceratidae and of Deltoceras Hyatt, 1894 are emended. Well preserved early growth stages in several species are remarkable. Turnover between the sampling horizons and between sampling intervals is high. The differences in composition, diversity and evenness of the assemblages are interpreted as reflecting changing depth and oxygenation depositional bottom conditions. The co-occurrence of endemic and cosmopolitan species is interpreted as resulting from a high vertical niche differentiation and from eustatically generated lateral shifts of facies zones. Based on calculations of phragmocone implosion depths, depositional depths of 50–130 m are plausible for the Olenidsletta Member, supporting independent evidence from biomarker signatures. Several cephalopod species of the Olenidsletta Member represent odd mosaics of morphological features of previously known cephalopods which cannot be unambiguously assigned to one of the existing cephalopod higher taxa. Results from a cladistic analysis shed new light on the early evolution of the Oncocerida and Orthocerida.
Estudio descriptivo sobre libranza de guardias de Médicos Residentes de Madrid: Efecto de la huelga de 2020 en el cumplimiento de los descansos obligatorios
Authors: Cerame del Campo Alvaro , Maiques Gámez Miguel , Coucheiro Paloma , Cayuela Rodríguez Lucía 
Published: December 2021

Antecedentes: Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir el grado de cumplimiento de los descansos obligatorios tras las jornadas de trabajo de 24 horas (guardias) en el colectivo de médicos residentes en la Comunidad de Madrid y el efecto que la huelga de residentes de 2020 ha tenido en el cumplimiento de dichos descansos.
Métodos: Se ha diseñado un estudio descriptivo observacional transversal a través de una encuesta online anónima adaptada de la bibliografía existente.
Resultados: Antes de la huelga de residentes el 27,2% de los encuestados no realizaban los descansos obligatorios después de las guardias. El descanso semanal obligatorio de al menos 36 horas no se respetaba hasta en el 87% de los casos. Después de la huelga de residentes, estos porcentajes se han reducido a un 19,8% y un 34,5% respectivamente, con significación estadística comparándose con los porcentajes previos (p<0,05). La media de guardias realizadas en la muestra era de 5 al mes, lo que supera el máximo legal de horas semanales.
Conclusiones: Se constata la vulneración de los derechos laborales de los residentes en un importante porcentaje de los residentes en lo relativo a los descansos obligatorios post-guardia y descansos semanales. La huelga de residentes ha reducido la incidencia del fenómeno, pero sigue siendo un problema relevante para la salud de los residentes y la seguridad del paciente.
Background: This study aims at describing the absence of mandatory rest periods after a 24h on call shift in resident physicians in the region of Madrid. It also tries to elucidate the effect which the 2020 resident physician’s strike has had in this phenomenon.
Materials and methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study has been carried out through an anonymous survey adapted from the available literature.
Results: Before the resident’s strike up to 27,2% of the residents surveyed could not enjoy mandatory resting periods after a 24 hour on-call shift. The mandatory weekly rest of at least 36 hours was not done in up to 87% of the cases. After the residents' strike, these figures have been reduced to 19.8% and 34.5% respectively, with statistical significance comparing with previous percentages (p <0.05). The average number of 24 hours on call shifts residents had to work per month was 5, which exceeds the maximum weekly hours allowed by law.
Conclusions: The findings reveal a violation of resident physician labor rights in relation to the mandatory days-off after 24-hour on call shifts and weekly breaks. The resident physician’s strike has reduced the incidence of the phenomenon, but it remains a relevant threat to resident physician’s health and patient safety.