bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KARL KERÉNYI ON THE ARCHETYPE OF THE ACADEMIC AND THE PRIEST
Authors: ПЕТРОВ В.В. 
Published: November 2021

В статье обсуждается эссе Карла Кереньи «Religio academici» (1938), которое интерпретируется в надлежащем историко-философском и культурном контексте. Рассматриваются высказанные в этом эссе филологические установки и философские воззрения Кереньи. Особое внимание уделяется тому, каким образом Кереньи истолковывает понятие religio: используя «Учение академиков» и «О природе богов» Цицерона, он пытается истолковать religio эпохи Цицерона в духе скептической Академии и на примере понтифика Гая Аврелия Котты доказывает, что поведенческие характеристики ученого и жреца совпадают. Обращено внимание на то, что академики Котта и Цицерон признают существование богов, в чем схожи с Аркесилаем и Карнеадом, которые полемизировали только с theologia naturalis и rationalis стоиков, тогда как транслируемая традицией религия сомнению не подвергалась. Обсуждается термин «открытость» (das Offene), используемый Кереньи. Указывается, что некоторые положения Кереньи предвосхищают позднейшие высказывания Хайдеггера в статье «Нужны ли поэты?» (1946), посвященной Рильке и Гёльдерлину, что может быть связано с общим источником — опубликованными письмами Рильке. В заключение указано, что сопоставления модусов существования академического ученого и религиозного жреца, которые на первый взгляд могут показаться экстравагантными и произвольными, в полной мере задействованы современными историками науки.
The article discusses Karl Kerényi’s essay “Religio academici” (1938), which is interpreted in a proper historical, philosophical and cultural context. The philological attitudes and philosophical views of Kerényi expressed in this essay are considered. Particular attention is paid to how Kerényi interprets the concept of religio: using Cicero’s “Academica priora” and “De natura deorum”, he tries to interpret religio of the Cicero era in the spirit of the skeptical Academy and, using the example of the Roman ponifex and Academic Sceptic Gaius Aurelius Cotta, proves that the behavioral characteristics of an academic and a priest coincide. Attention is drawn to the fact that Academics Cotta and Cicero recognize the existence of gods, in which they are similar to Arcesilaus and Carneades, who polemicized only with the theologia naturalis and rationalis of the Stoics, while the religion transmitted by tradition was not questioned. The term “openness” (das Offene) used by Kerényi is discussed. It is pointed out that some of Kerényi’s propositions anticipate the later statements of Heidegger in the article “Wozu Dichter?” (1946) dedicated to Rilke and Hölderlin, which can be explained by the presence of a common source — Rilke’s published letters. In conclusion, it is indicated that the comparisons made between the modes of existence of an academic and a priest, which at first glance may seem extravagant and arbitrary, are engaged by contemporary historians of science.
OVERCOME AND UNAVOIDABLE BARBARISM: DISCIPLINE OF THE MACEDONIAN INFANTRY IN THE AGE OF PHILIP II AND ALEXANDER THE GREAT
Authors: КЛЕЙМЕНОВ А.А. 
Published: November 2021

Цель исследования заключается в анализе дисциплинированности македонской пехоты эпохи великих завоеваний IV в. до н.э. Задачами являются рассмотрение мероприятий Филиппа II, направленных на повышение дисциплины в македонской армии, определение их эффективности, выявление сути дисциплинарных проблем, характерных для фалангитов времен Филиппа и Александра. Исследование опиралось на всесторонний анализ античных письменных источников, сравнительно-исторический метод, метод контент-анализа. Определено, что традиционно для пешего ополчения царства Аргеадов, как и для аналогичного компонента вооруженных сил соседних «варварских» народов, была свойственна низкая дисциплинированность. Посредством интенсивных тренировок, введения системы поощрений и взысканий Филиппу II удалось привить македонским пехотинцам дисциплину, высокий уровень которой был продемонстрирован в войнах за господство на Балканском полуострове, а затем подтвержден в период Восточного похода Александра. Базисом дисциплинарных мотивов фалангитов следует считать выгоды от принадлежности к царской армии и сформировавшуюся корпоративную идентичность. Тем не менее, большое военное значение корпуса македонских пехотинцев и его сплоченность сделали возможными и массовые выступления, в ходе которых воины открыто протестовали против военно-стратегических и политико-административных решений монарха, не соответствующих интересам войска.
The main aim of this research is the analysis of the Macedonian infantry discipline in the period of the great conquests of 4th century BC. The research objectives are the review of Philip’s II actions to improve the Macedonian army discipline, the determining their effectiveness, the identifying the essence of disciplinary problems which are connected with the phalangites of Phillips and Alexander’s times. A multi-faceted approach to the ancient narrative sources, methods of comparative historical analysis and content analysis have been used. It defends that traditionally for infantry militia of the Argead Kingdomas well as for a similar component of the neighboring barbarian societies’ armed forces the law discipline was typical. Through intensive training, the introduction of a system of rewards and penalties, Philip II managed to instill for the Macedonian infantry discipline which high level was demonstrated in wars of domination in Balkan Peninsula and confirmed during the Alexander's Asian expedition. The phalangites’disciplinary motives were based on benefits of belonging to the royal army and an established corporate identity. However, the great military importance of the Macedonian infantry and their unity made possible mass demonstrations, during which the military protested against the military–strategic and political–administrative decisions of the monarch, which did not correspond to the interests of the army.
CIMBRI AND TEUTONS OR «THE FIRST GREAT MIGRATION»
Authors: ГУСАКОВ М.Г. 
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена одному событию в древней истории, которое много раз исследовалось и комментировалось, когда германские племена кимвры и тевтоны осуществили многолетнее перемещение в пространстве Центральной Европы, которое можно назвать «первым переселением народов». Они были разгромлены Римом, но это событие вызвало мощное движение других племен, особенно в сторону Восточной Европы, где образовалось много новых археологических культур. Среди них особое значение имеет зарубинецкая культура и её роль в истории Восточной Европы.
The article is devoted to an event in ancient history, which has been studied and commented on many times, when the Germanic tribes of the Cimbri and Teutons carried out a long-term movement in the space of Central Europe, which can be called the “first migration of peoples”. They were defeated by Rome, but this event caused a powerful movement of other tribes, especially towards Eastern Europe, where many new archaeological cultures were formed. Among them, a special place is occupied by the Zarubinets culture and its place in the history of Eastern Europe.
Perspectives of intracellular polymers in functional evaluation of the microbes for EBPR
Authors: Srivastava Ghazal , Kazmi Absar Ahmad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To substantiate and interpret the performance of the Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) processes with simultaneous nitrogen removal in five full-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBR) systems (with or without pre-anoxic/anaerobic selector) across India, conventional microscopic examinations were performed. Regular examining and cyclic behavior evaluation studies specified that these systems worked for EBPR with effectiveness depending on the wastewater quality and operational steadiness. Treatment with Neisser stain for identifying polyphosphates (poly-P) and Sudan black B stain for observing poly-β-hydroxybutyrates (PHB) granules showed that the enriched biomass of the SBR plants was very diverse concerning morphology, residing populations of traditional rod-shaped PAOs, tetrad (or Sarcina-like cells) forming organisms (submitted as TFOs instead of GAOs), diplococci-shaped cells, and staphylococci-like clustered populations (CC), including few filaments which correlate well with biochemical processes undergoing in SBR plants. SBR plants with readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (rbCOD) fraction in COD &gt; 16% and rbCOD/TP ∼10–20 in Varanasi, Mumbai, and Gurgaon, respectively, have performed for &gt;20% EBPR (∼77.8%, ∼76.6%, and ∼84.8% TP removal, respectively) as well as &gt;85% Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification (SND). This study can open novel dimensions for optimization by relating microscopic observations (qualitative examination) with the processes undergoing in the plants under varied physicochemical parameters.
Theoretical Formulation Strategies towards Neutralizing Inter-individual Variability
Associated with Tacrolimus Immunosuppressant Therapy: A Case Study on Nextgeneration
Personalized Medicine
Authors: Radhakrishnan Arun , Kuppusamy Gowthamarajan 
Published: November 2021

:
Individualizing drug therapy and attaining maximum benefits of a drug devoid of adverse reactions is the
benefit of personalized medicine. One of the important factors contributing to inter-individual variability is genetic
polymorphism. As of now, dose titration is the only followed golden standard for implementing personalized medicine.
Converting the genotypic data into an optimized dose has become easier now due to technology development.
However, for many drugs, finding an individualized dose may not be successful, which further leads to a trial and
error approach. These dose titration strategies are generally followed at the clinical level, and so industrial involvement
and further standardizations are not feasible. On the other side, technologically driven pharmaceutical industries
have multiple smart drug delivery systems which are underutilized towards personalized medicine. Transdisciplinary
research with drug delivery science can additionally support the personalization by converting the traditional concept
of “dose titration towards personalization” with novel “dose-cum-dosage form modification towards next-generation
personalized medicine”; the latter approach is useful to overcome gene-based inter-individual variability by either
blocking, to downregulate, or bypassing the biological protein generated by the polymorphic gene. This article elaborates
an advanced approach to implementing personalized medicine with the support of novel drug delivery systems.
As a case study, we further reviewed the genetic polymorphisms associated with tacrolimus and customized novel
drug delivery systems to overcome these challenges factored towards personalized medicine for better clinical outcomes,
thereby paving a new strategy for implementing personalized medicine for all other drug candidates.
Ocena jakości życia pacjentów po przebytym udarze mózgu
Authors: Witkowska Kamila 
Published: November 2021

Wstęp. Udary mózgu, stanowią jeden z głównych problemów współczesnej medycyny. W Polsce rocznie dochodzi do około 70 tyś. udarów są one jednym z najczęstszych przyczyn inwalidztwa oraz drugim z zakresu częstości zgonów. W czasie pierwszego miesiąca od wystąpienia epizodu co 6 chory umiera, natomiast pozostała grupa to osoby z deficytem w zakresie samodzielności wymagający wsparcia osób trzecich.
Cel. Celem badań była ocena jakości życia pacjentów po przebytym udarze mózgu.
Materiały i metody. Badaniem objęto grupę 100 pacjentów po przebytym incydencie udarowym. Respondenci przebywali w oddziale rehabilitacji poudarowej. Do oceny jakości życia wykorzystany został kwestionariusz
oceny jakości życia SF – 36. oraz kwestionariusz WHOQOL-BREF jest o narzędzie wystandaryzowane służące do oceny jakości życia osób zarówno zdrowych jak i chorych.
Wyniki. Uzyskane wyniki dotyczące ogólnej oceny zdrowia fizycznego na podstawie danych z kwestionariusza WHOQOL-BREF wyniósł 30,35±4,54, ogólna ocena zdrowia mentalnego 46,02±7,15. Natomiast ogólny wskaźnik jakości życia 38,18±4,13. Analiza statystyczna wykazała istotną zależność pomiędzy wiekiem ankietowanych a ich oceną jakości życia w dziedzinie somatycznej oraz środowiskowej. Im osoby starsze tym wyższy poziom zadowolenia z jakości życia. Analiza statystyczna nie wykazała istotnej zależności pomiędzy płcią ankietowanych a ich oceną jakości życia w każdej z dziedzin. Analiza statystyczna wykazała istotną zależność pomiędzy wiekiem ankietowanych a ich ogólną oceną zdrowia mentalnego . Im osoby starsze tym wyższa ocen zdrowia mentalnego.
Wnioski. Subiektywna ocena jakości życia osób po udarze mózgu w zakresie obniżenia funkcjonowania fizycznego oraz w aspekcie psycho-społecznym jest wprost uzależniona od poziomu samodzielności (...).
Chroniczne zmęczenie oraz bezsenność wśród pielęgniarek
Authors: Dudek Aleksandra 
Published: November 2021

Wstęp. Pielęgniarstwo to zawód obciążony wieloma czynnikami. Jednymi z wielu problemów jest praca zmianowa, narażenie na zmęczenie, problemy ze snem, bezsenność. Do czynników społecznych zaliczyć można błędy w komunikacji między personelem i pacjentem. W pracy przybliżono zagadnienie zespołu przewlekłego zmęczenia.
Cel. Celem pracy jest ocena chronicznego zmęczenia i bezsenności wśród pielęgniarek oraz określenie jaki wpływ mają one na relacje w zespole pielęgniarskim.
Materiał i metody. Populacją, która została poddana badaniu była grupa 100 pielęgniarek pediatrycznych, chirurgicznych, internistycznych oraz podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej. Narzędziami były: Skala Zmęczenia Chronicznego (FAS), Ateńska Skala Bezsenności (AIS), kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa. W pracy wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego oraz metodę szacowania.
Wyniki. Blisko połowa pielęgniarek w grupie badanej miała objawy zmęczenia chronicznego, a 36% pielęgniarek w grupie badanej przejawiała bezsenność.
Wnioski. Chroniczne zmęczenie pielęgniarek często jest spowodowane specyfiką oddziałów, na których pracują. Na bezsenność wpływa praca zmianowa, która zwiększa odczuwanie zmęczenia i desynchronizuje biologiczny zegar. Lata stażu nie wpływają znacząco na poziom zmęczenia i senności pielęgniarekNa bezsenność wpływa praca zmianowa oraz zła organizacja pracy.
Fitness Tracker Information and Privacy Management: Empirical Study
Authors: Abdelhamid Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Background
Fitness trackers allow users to collect, manage, track, and monitor fitness-related activities, such as distance walked, calorie intake, sleep quality, and heart rate. Fitness trackers have become increasingly popular in the past decade. One in five Americans use a device or an app to track their fitness-related activities. These devices generate massive and important data that could help physicians make better assessments of their patients’ health if shared with health providers. This ultimately could lead to better health outcomes and perhaps even lower costs for patients. However, sharing personal fitness information with health care providers has drawbacks, mainly related to the risk of privacy loss and information misuse.

Objective
This study investigates the influence of granting users granular privacy control on their willingness to share fitness information.

Methods
The study used 270 valid responses collected from Mtrurkers through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The conceptual model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). The dependent variable was the intention to share fitness information. The independent variables were perceived risk, perceived benefits, and trust in the system.

Results
SEM explained about 60% of the variance in the dependent variable. Three of the four hypotheses were supported. Perceived risk and trust in the system had a significant relationship with the dependent variable, while trust in the system was not significant.

Conclusions
The findings show that people are willing to share their fitness information if they have granular privacy control. This study has practical and theoretical implications. It integrates communication privacy management (CPM) theory with the privacy calculus model.
Real-world Health Data and Precision for the Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury, Acute-on-Chronic Kidney Disease, and Chronic Kidney Disease: Observational Study
Authors: Triep Karen , Leichtle Alexander Benedikt , Meister Martin , Fiedler Georg Martin , Endrich Olga 
Published: November 2021

Background
The criteria for the diagnosis of kidney disease outlined in the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines are based on a patient’s current, historical, and baseline data. The diagnosis of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and acute-on-chronic kidney disease requires previous measurements of creatinine, back-calculation, and the interpretation of several laboratory values over a certain period. Diagnoses may be hindered by unclear definitions of the individual creatinine baseline and rough ranges of normal values that are set without adjusting for age, ethnicity, comorbidities, and treatment. The classification of correct diagnoses and sufficient staging improves coding, data quality, reimbursement, the choice of therapeutic approach, and a patient’s outcome.

Objective
In this study, we aim to apply a data-driven approach to assign diagnoses of acute, chronic, and acute-on-chronic kidney diseases with the help of a complex rule engine.

Methods
Real-time and retrospective data from the hospital’s clinical data warehouse of inpatient and outpatient cases treated between 2014 and 2019 were used. Delta serum creatinine, baseline values, and admission and discharge data were analyzed. A Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes–based SQL algorithm applied specific diagnosis-based International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes to inpatient stays. Text mining on discharge documentation was also conducted to measure the effects on diagnosis.

Results
We show that this approach yielded an increased number of diagnoses (4491 cases in 2014 vs 11,124 cases of ICD-coded kidney disease and injury in 2019) and higher precision in documentation and coding. The percentage of unspecific ICD N19-coded diagnoses of N19 codes generated dropped from 19.71% (1544/7833) in 2016 to 4.38% (416/9501) in 2019. The percentage of specific ICD N18-coded diagnoses of N19 codes generated increased from 50.1% (3924/7833) in 2016 to 62.04% (5894/9501) in 2019.

Conclusions
Our data-driven method supports the process and reliability of diagnosis and staging and improves the quality of documentation and data. Measuring patient outcomes will be the next step in this project.
Game Plan, a Web-Based Intervention to Improve Adherence and Persistence to HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Reduce Heavy Drinking in Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men: Usability and User Experience Testing
Authors: Wray Tyler B , Chan Philip A , Kahler Christopher W 
Published: November 2021

Background
Encouraging consistent use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is essential for reducing HIV incidence, particularly among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM), and especially those who engage in heavy drinking. Although practice guidelines recommend providing adherence counseling to PrEP patients, clinics and providers may not have the resources or expertise to provide it. Internet-facilitated interventions have been shown to improve HIV prevention outcomes, including medication and care adherence. Game Plan is a website we created to help users make a tangible plan for reducing their HIV risk. We designed additional components of Game Plan to address key individual level barriers to PrEP use.

Objective
The aim of this mixed methods research is to test the usability and user experience of these components with intended users: GBM who drink heavily and are on PrEP.

Methods
In study 1 (usability), we completed a detailed individual interview in which participants (n=10) walked through a prototype of the website, thinking aloud as they did, and completed a follow-up interview and web-based survey afterward. Study 2 (user experience) involved providing participants (n=40) with a link to the prototype website to explore on their own and asking them to complete the same follow-up survey afterward. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data.

Results
Users in both studies gave the website excellent ratings for usability, overall satisfaction, and quality, and most often described the site as informative, helpful, and supportive. Users also rated the site’s content and feel as respectful of them and their autonomy, empathetic, and they stated that it conveyed confidence in their ability to change. The study 1 interviews highlighted the importance of the website’s esthetics to the participants’ engagement with it and its credibility in prompting genuine reflection.

Conclusions
GBM who reported heavy drinking and used PrEP generally found a website focused on helping them to create a plan to use PrEP consistently to be helpful. Adopting user-centered design methods and attending to the esthetics of mobile health interventions are important steps toward encouraging engagement and reducing at-risk behaviors.
INCLUSÃO DIGITAL E PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL DE IDOSOS
Authors: Ramos Palma Domingues Natasha , Ramos de Sene Adriana , Marquine Raymundo Taiuani , Dias Bernardo Lilian 
Published: November 2021

Introdução: O envelhecimento demográfico apresenta desafios para a sociedade, dentre estes a necessidade de criar oportunidades de engajamento do idoso em atividade sociais e produtivas. Estudos nacionais apontam que a capacitação para o uso de tecnologias, como o smartphone, aumenta as possibilidades de interação com outros, melhora a qualidade de vida, sensação de pertencimento e envolvimento social. A inclusão digital do idoso pode contribuir para integração, ampliação e formação de redes sociais e aumentar a participação social. Objetivo: Analisar as percepções de idosos participantes de um projeto de inclusão digital sobre a relação entre participação social e aprendizado de tecnologia. Método: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa-quantitativa, realizado com 38 idosos inscritos em um Projeto de Inclusão Digital de Adultos e Idosos. Os participantes foram submetidos à Escala de Depressão Geriátrica, para rastreamento de possíveis desordens psiquiátricas. Para a caracterização da amostra, foi aplicado um questionário socioeconômico. Os dados sobre a participação social foram coletados através de questionários estruturados e grupos focais. Para análise dos dados, utilizaram-se técnicas de estatística descritiva, análise de conteúdo e o teste de McNemar. Resultados: Prevaleceu na amostra o sexo feminino (76,3%), idade média de 69 anos (DP = 7,48). Observou-se que, após a oficina de telefone celular, houve aumento na frequência de utilização do smartphone para interação com amigos e familiares e agendamento de eventos de participação social. Conclusão: Projetos de inclusão digital oferecidos a pessoas idosas podem contribuir para o aumento da participação social desta parcela da população, em seus contextos cultural, pessoal e virtual.