bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of an Introduced Walleye Population with Implications for Suppression
Authors: Ryan Robert G. , Corsi Matthew P. , Rust Pete 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The management of introduced fishes, including Walleye Sander vitreus, whether for control or enhancement, requires understanding of population dynamics at the invasion front. Walleye recently established in the Pend Oreille basin, Idaho, threaten the existing salmonid-based fish community and associated recreational fishery. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to describe population growth and associated life history characteristics. Walleye were sampled in October of 2011, 2014, and 2017 using a standardized gill netting survey protocol to describe trends in relative abundance and evaluate population dynamics. Relative abundance increased exponentially from 1.4 to 4.3 fish/net over the 6-year monitoring period. This population was characterized by fast somatic growth, robust body condition, and early age at maturity at or near the biological maxima for Walleye. Among the survey years, mean length at age 2 varied for female (359–441 mm) and male (358–426 mm) Walleye and relative weight varied from 91 to 98. The sampled Walleye matured at 1 to 4 years of age, and recruitment became more consistent as abundance increased. These density-dependent metrics suggest that the Walleye population is still at low density relative to carrying capacity. The information that was gained from this study was used to better understand potential risks and guide management decisions related to experimental population suppression that is now underway. Suppression under these conditions must overcome the recruitment capabilities of the population. We conclude that natural mortality is likely regulated by density-dependent processes. Therefore, at current (low) density, fishing mortality may be entirely additive and compensation is unlikely to further complicate management.
YouTubeTM as a source of information on bladder pain syndrome: A contemporary analysis
Authors: Morra Simone , Collà Ruvolo Claudia , Napolitano Luigi , La Rocca Roberto , Celentano Giuseppe , Califano Gianluigi , Creta Massimiliano , Capece Marco , Turco Carmine , Cilio Simone , Melchionna Alberto , Gerundo Gerardo , Trama Francesco , Mangiapia Francesco , Fusco Ferdinando , Mirone Vincenzo , Longo Nicola 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the quality of YouTube™ videos on bladder pain syndrome (BPS) and to investigate whether they can be used as a reliable source of information.MethodsThe search term “bladder pain syndrome” was used on YouTubeTM platform. The first 100 videos were selected. Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for audio‐visual content (PEMAT A/V), Global Quality Score (GQS), Misinformation tool, and DISCERN score were used to assess videos' quality content. Pearson's test was used to assess potential correlations between variables.ResultsSeventy‐nine videos were suitable for the analyses. The median PEMAT A/V Understandability score and PEMAT A/V Actionability score were 66.7% (interquartile range [IQR]: 46.2–100.0) and 75.0% (IQR: 37.5–100.0), respectively. According to GQS, 26 (32.9%), 32 (40.5%), 3 (3.8%), 15 (19.0%), and 3 (3.8%) videos were excellent, good, moderate, generally poor, and poor, respectively. According to Misinformation tool, of all videos, 81% (n = 64), 6.3% (n = 5), 5.1% (n = 4), 5.1% (n = 4), 2.5% (n = 2) had respectively no, very little, moderate, high, and extreme misinformation. The overall median DISCERN score ranged from 5.0 (IQR: 2.0–5.0) to 5.0 (IQR: 5.0–5.0). A positive statistically significant correlation was found between video length and PEMAT A/V Understandability (r = 0.27, p = 0.01), video length and PEMAT A/V Actionability (r = .26, p = 0.02), and video length and DISCERN Question 16 (r = 0.28, p = 0.01).ConclusionsNowaday, the overall quality of YouTubeTM videos on BPS have been evaluated good according to PEMAT A/V, GQS, Misinformation tool, and DISCERN score. It is possible to assume that YouTubeTM may be considered as a reliable source of information on BPS.
Addressing current challenges in adult nursing: Describing a virtual Consensus development project methodology
Authors: Taylor Bethany , South Jane , Robertson Steve , Ryan Tony , Wood Emily , King Rachel Louise , Senek Michaela , Tod Angela , Seymour Jane 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThis article describes the development and implementation of a virtual Consensus development project to address current challenges in adult nursing care in the UK.DesignThis is a Consensus Development Project (CDP).MethodsThe five stages of this CDP were: develop questions (informed by PPI representatives and a documentary review), generate evidence reviews, recruit and orient the lay panel, host Consensus seminars, and consult with panel members and stakeholders.ResultsTo the best of our knowledge, a CDP has not previously been conducted in a UK nursing context, and this is the first of its kind to be hosted virtually. This article contributes a detailed outline of the Consensus development methodology and constructive commentary to support future Consensus development projects. Learning points include reflections on the impact of hosting this event virtually, the relationship between the project coordinator and chair, and the composition of the lay panel.
Performance‐based optimal control for stochastic nonlinear systems with unknown dead‐zone
Authors: Li Kewen , Li Yongming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article studies the problem of performance‐guaranteed adaptive fuzzy optimal compensator control for stochastic affine nonlinear systems with dead‐zone and unknown nonlinear dynamics. First, by using the error transformation techniques, the original system is transformed into an equivalent unconstraint system. Then, a feedforward fuzzy compensator is constructed to offset the influence raised by unknown dead‐zone. By designing identifier‐critic‐actor construction reinforcement learning, an adaptive fuzzy optimal performance constraint compensate control algorithm is presented. The developed control scheme can ensure that all signals of the controlled system are uniformly ultimately bounded, and the output can track the reference signal with a prescribed accuracy. Finally, simulation results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed control algorithm and theorem.
Effects of graphene nanosheets decorated by cerium stannate on the enhancement of flame retardancy and mechanical performances of flexible polyurethane foam composites
Authors: Yu Xiaoli , Wang Bibo , Jia Pengfei , Yin Zhenting , Tang Gang , Zhou Xiaodong , Lu Tingting , Guo Liying , Song Lei , Hu Yuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs one of the most used polyurethane, flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) still confronted highly flammable problems. However, current flame retardant employed in FPUF deteriorated the other utilization performances, such as mechanical properties. In this work, cerium stannate decorated graphene nanosheets (GNS@Ce2Sn2O7, GCSO) was prepared to fabricate flame retardant FPUF composites. Compared to pure FPUF, the tensile strength and average compression strength of FPUF composites accomplished 100 and 412% increase, respectively, while the average rebound was basically maintained. In contrast to pure FPUF, total heat release and total smoke production of FPUF composites displayed a 42.2 and 75.1% reduction, respectively. Furthermore, the released toxic gases (such as, CO2, CO and NOx) during combustion were greatly decreased. These results were due to the catalytic and barrier effect of GCSO promoting the formation a high‐quality char residue with a compact, intact and dense morphology. Therefore, it provides a facile method to fabricate FPUF composites with advanced comprehensive performance for the furniture field.
Biopolyethylene/Morinda citrifolia cellulosic biocomposites: The impact of chemical crosslinking and PE‐g‐MA compatibilizer
Authors: Luna Carlos Bruno Barreto , da Silva Barbosa Ferreira Eduardo , dos Santos Nogueira Jessika Andrade , Araújo Edcleide Maria , do Nascimento Emanuel Pereira , da Costa Agra de Melo João Baptista 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe development of new ecological materials to promote sustainability is being encouraged. Crosslinked biopolyethylene (BioPE)/noni flour (Morinda citrifolia) biocomposites were prepared using maleic anhydride‐grafted polyethylene (PE‐g‐MA) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The biocomposites were processed in an internal mixer and injection molded. Torque rheometry, Izod impact strength, tensile strength, heat deflection temperature (HDT), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) properties were investigated. Torque rheometry curves suggest that the biocomposites did crosslink due to the DCP attack on the BioPE chain. The BioPE/noni flour/PE‐g‐MA formulation with 0.5% and 1% DCP produced a higher level of crosslinking. As a result, the mechanical properties (impact strength, elastic modulus, and tensile strength) were improved. SEM showed fractured noni flour particles in the BioPE matrix with the formation of a tubular structure. The HDT increased, suggesting that the biocomposites exhibit enhanced thermomechanical strength. Furthermore, the biocomposites thermal properties obtained by DSC underwent few modifications. The TG results showed that the crosslinked biocomposites have better thermal stability than the noncrosslinked biocomposites. The crosslinking process of BioPE/noni flour biocomposites with the PE‐g‐MA/DCP hybrid is an effective way to improve the performance of these materials.
Moisture diffusion in web‐flange junctions of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymeric bridge profiles
Authors: Xin Haohui , Liu Yuqing , Mosallam Ayman , Zhang Youyou , He Jun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAttributed to the rich‐resin zone and potential formation of folded fabrics, the web‐flange junctions (WFJs) usually present premature failure. The moisture diffusion process plays a crucial role in understanding the material degradation of glass fiber reinforced polymeric composite profiles exposed to hydrothermal environments. In this paper, moisture diffusion parameters were calibrated by gravimetric tests of thin plates (100.0 × 6.0 × 2.3 mm) at different temperatures and environmental conditions. Additionally, gravimetric tests of WFJs were conducted to investigate three‐dimensional moisture diffusion at different temperatures and environmental conditions. Experimental results showed that the moisture uptake for specimens exposed to artificial seawater is larger than specimens exposed to freshwater through identical exposure periods. The moisture uptakes ratio of WFJs ranges from 1.66 to 3.07 for and 3.05 to 8.57 for . The non‐Fick water diffusion of WFJs simulated by the finite element method was validated by moisture uptake experimental observations. A good agreement was observed between experimental observations and non‐Fick FE simulations. WFJs specimens exhibited non‐uniform mass concentration at the inner side and lower mass concentration zone gradually formed, and the uneven residual stress occurred during moisture migration.
Evaluation of the aging of elastomeric acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber and ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer gaskets used to seal plates heat exchanger
Authors: de Souza Elias Luiz , de Souza Zanzi Mateus , de Paiva Kleber Vieira , Goes Oliveira Jorge Luiz , Monteiro André Sampaio , de Oliveira Barra Guilherme Mariz , Dutra Gabriel Benedet 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAcrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) and ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer (EPDM) gaskets are used as seals in plates heat exchangers due to their elasticity and resilience. However, contact with fluids, oxygen, ozone, and heat lead to permanent deformation. This study investigates the degradation of gaskets submitted to similar service conditions: compressed in a groove for up to 360 h at 100 and 120°C. The analysis was carried through compression set (CS), compression stress relaxation, surface morphology, Shore A hardness, indentation modulus profile, crosslink density, and Fourier transform infrared region with attenuated total reflection analysis. For EPDM, in thermo‐oxidative aging there is a counterbalance between chain scission and crosslinking, which increases CS while hardness and crosslink density remain low. For NBR, diffusion‐limited oxidation causes heterogeneous oxidation, creating a crosslinking network near the surface. The values for CS, Shore A hardness, and crosslink density raised to 50%, 10%, and 75%, respectively. Furthermore, the side thermo‐oxidation was reduced due to the presence of the groove, which reduces oxygen access. Using FITR analysis, a thermo‐oxidative interaction mechanism was proposed for the EPDM and NBR gaskets. It was concluded that EPDM presented a more reliable behavior for the gasket and seal applications under the analyzed conditions.
The ISPAT project: Implementation of a standardized training program for caregivers of children with tracheostomy
Authors: Yilmaz Yegit Cansu , Kilinc Ayse Ayzit , Can Oksay Sinem , Unal Fusun , Yazan Hakan , Köstereli Ebru , Gulieva Aynur , Arslan Hüseyin , Uzuner Selçuk , Onay Zeynep Reyhan , Kilic Baskan Azer , Collak Abdulhamit , Atag Emine , Ergenekon Almala Pinar , Bas Ikizoğlu Nilay , Ay Pinar , Oktem Sedat , Gokdemir Yasemin , Girit Saniye , Cakir Erkan , Uyan Zeynep Seda , Cokugras Haluk , Karadag Bulent , Karakoc Fazilet , Erdem Eralp Ela 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTracheostomy‐related morbidity and mortality mainly occur due to decannulation, misplacement, or obstruction of the tube. A standardized training can improve the skills and confidence of the caregivers in tracheostomy care (TC).ObjectiveOur primary aim was to evaluate the efficiency of standardized training program on the knowledge and skills (changing‐suctioning the tracheostomy tube) of the participants regarding TC.Materials and MethodsSixty‐five caregivers of children with tracheostomy were included. First, participants were evaluated with written test about TC and participated in the practical tests. Then, they were asked to participate in a standardized training session, including theoretical and practical parts. Baseline and postintervention assessments were compared through written and practical tests conducted on the same day.ResultsA significant improvement was observed in the written test score after the training. The median number of correct answers of the written test including 23 questions increased 26%, from 12 to 18 (p < .001). The median number of correct steps in tracheostomy tube change (from 9 to 16 correct steps out of 16 steps, 44% increase) and suctioning the tracheostomy tube (from 9 to 17 correct steps out of 18 steps, 44% increase) also improved significantly after the training (p < .001, for both).ConclusionTheoretical courses and practical hands‐on‐training (HOT) courses are highly effective in improving the practices in TC. A standardized training program including HOT should be implemented before discharge from the hospital. Still there is a need to assess the impact of the program on tracheostomy‐related complications, morbidity, and mortality in the long term.
The ubiquitous buried water in thebeta‐trefoilarchitecture contributes to the folding nucleus and ~20% of the folding enthalpy
Authors: Parker Joseph B. , Tenorio Connie A. , Blaber Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe beta‐trefoil protein architecture is characterized by three repeating “trefoil” motifs related by rotational symmetry and postulated to have evolved via gene duplication and fusion events. Despite this apparent structural symmetry, the primary and secondary structural elements typically exhibit pronounced asymmetric features. A survey of this family of proteins has revealed that among the most conserved symmetric structural elements is a ubiquitous buried solvent which participates in a bridging H‐bond with three different beta‐strands in each of the trefoil motifs. A computational analysis reported that these waters are likely associated with a substantial enthalpic contribution to overall stability. In this report, a Pro mutation is used to disrupt one of the water H‐bond interactions to a main chain amide, and the effects upon stability and folding kinetics are determined. Combined with Ala mutations, the separate effects upon side chain truncation and H‐bond deletion are analyzed in terms of stability and folding kinetics. The results show that these buried waters act to assemble a central folding nucleus, and are responsible for ~20% of the overall favorable enthalpy of folding.
Abiraterone acetate versus nonsteroidal antiandrogen with androgen deprivation therapy for high‐risk metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer
Authors: Yanagisawa Takafumi , Kimura Takahiro , Mori Keiichiro , Suzuki Hirotaka , Sano Takayuki , Otsuka Takashi , Iwamoto Yuya , Fukuokaya Wataru , Miyajima Keiichiro , Enei Yuki , Sakanaka Keigo , Matsukawa Akihiro , Onuma Hajime , Obayashi Koki , Tsuzuki Shunsuke , Hata Kenichi , Shimomura Tatsuya , Miki Jun , Egawa Shin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough prostate cancer is a very common form of malignancy in men, the clinical significance of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with abiraterone acetate versus the nonsteroidal antiandrogen bicalutamide has not yet been verified in patients with high‐risk metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). The present study was designed to initiate this verification in real‐world Japanese clinical practice.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the records of 312 patients with high‐risk mHSPC based on LATITUDE criteria and had received ADT with bicalutamide (n = 212) or abiraterone acetate (n = 100) between September 2015 and December 2020. Bicalutamide was given at 80 mg daily and abiraterone was given at 1000 mg daily as four 250‐mg tablets plus prednisolone (5–10 mg daily). Overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and time to castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) were compared. The prognostic factor for time to CRPC was analyzed by Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsPatients in the bicalutamide group were older, and more of them had poor performance status (≧2), than in the abiraterone group. Impaired liver function was noted in 2% of the bicalutamide group and 16% of the abiraterone group (p < 0.001). Median follow‐up was 22.5 months for bicalutamide and 17 months for abiraterone (p < 0.001). Two‐year OS and CSS for bicalutamide versus abiraterone was 77.8% versus 79.5% (p = 0.793) and 81.1% versus 82.5% (p = 0.698), respectively. Median time to CRPC was significantly longer in the abiraterone group than in the bicalutamide group (NA vs. 13 months, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, Gleason score ≧9, high alkaline phosphatase, high lactate dehydrogenase, liver metastasis, and bicalutamide were independent prognostic risk factors for time to CRPC. Abiraterone prolonged the time to CRPC in patients with each of these prognostic factors.ConclusionsDespite limitations regarding the time‐dependent bias, ADT with abiraterone acetate significantly prolonged the time to CRPC compared to bicalutamide in patients with high‐risk mHSPC. However, further study with longer follow‐up is needed.
Evaluation protocols for flammable and toxic dispersion models
Authors: Gavelli Filippo , Hendrickson Bryant , Kooy Rich , Kolade Babajide 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe siting of liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities requires several types of hazards to be quantified so that the risk to the public and public property in areas surrounding each facility can be properly assessed. In order to quantify the hazards from potential accident scenarios, computational tools must be used. Given the multiplicity of tools available, ranging from empirical models to 3D computational fluid dynamics packages, the agency responsible for reviewing the hazard analysis may not have the methodologies or protocols necessary to determine the suitability of a given model to a certain scenario, its accuracy, and any other setup requirements. The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) commissioned Blue Engineering and Consulting and the Gas Technology Institute to develop a set of model evaluation protocols (MEPs) that will allow the review of modeling tools for several different hazards, including flammable and toxic dispersion, source terms for dispersion models, vapor cloud explosions, and boiling liquid expanding vapor explosions (BLEVEs). The project will provide PHMSA with the means to properly evaluate modeling tools for these hazards, which are required to be evaluated in an LNG facility siting study. It will also provide clarity to LNG plant developers and their safety consultants on which models may be used and which safety factors need to be applied, and will increase the public's confidence in the regulatory review process of LNG facilities. This article discusses the first two MEPs completed as part of this project, which are focused on evaluating flammable dispersion and toxic dispersion models, respectively. This article describes the evaluation methodology, including the information to be submitted by the model proponents and the review process, and the model validation databases compiled for each protocol.
Absorbing aerosol decreases cloud cover in cloud‐resolving simulations over Germany
Authors: Senf F. , Quaas J. , Tegen I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAerosol can affect clouds in various ways. Beside the microphysical impact of aerosol particles on cloud formation, the interference of aerosol with atmospheric radiation leads to changes in local heating, surface fluxes and thus mesoscale circulations, all of which may also modify clouds. Rather little is known about these so‐called semi‐direct effects in realistic settings – a reason why this study investigates the impact of absorbing aerosol particles on cloud and radiation fields over Germany. Using advanced high‐resolution simulations with grid spacings of 312 and 625 m, numerical experiments with different aerosol optical properties are contrasted using purely scattering aerosol as a control case and realistic absorbing aerosol as a perturbation. The combined effect of surface dimming and atmospheric heating induces positive temperature and negative moisture anomalies between 800 and 900 hPa, impacting low‐level cloud formation. Decreased relative humidity as well as increased atmospheric stability below clouds lead to a reduction of low‐level cloud cover, liquid water path and precipitation. It is further found that direct and semi‐direct effects of absorbing aerosol forcing have similar magnitudes and contribute equally to a reduction of net radiation at the top of the atmosphere.
Understanding the roles of universities for sustainable development transformations: A framing analysis of university models
Authors: Cuesta‐Claros Andrea , Malekpour Shirin , Raven Rob , Kestin Tahl 
Published: September 2021

AbstractScholars have proposed university models for creating a sustainable future in response to mounting calls for universities to rethink their roles in society. These university models include the Human Development University, the Developmental University, the Post‐Developmental University, and the Transformative University. Through a framing analysis, this study compares different university models to understand how the models: frame their proposed new roles, suggest universities should change to adopt these roles, how particular notions of sustainable development transformations underpin the roles, and ultimately, how the roles relate to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We argue that it is essential to reflect on this plurality of normative roles to understand how some models could complement each other and how other models highlight issues with sustainable development, in general, and the SDGs, in particular, that could potentially undermine the transformative roles of universities for a sustainable society.