bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The innovation characteristics of person-centred care as perceived by healthcare professionals: an interview study employing a deductive-inductive content analysis guided by the consolidated framework for implementation research
Authors: Fridberg Helena , Wallin Lars , Tistad Malin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPerson-centred care (PCC) is promoted as an innovation that will improve patients’ rights and increase their participation in healthcare. Experience shows that the implementation of PCC is challenging and often results in varying levels of adoption. How health care professionals (HCPs) perceive an innovation such as PCC is an important factor to consider in implementation. Yet, such studies are scarce. Thus, in a sample of healthcare units in a region in Sweden, involved in a transition to PCC, we aimed to investigate HCPs’ perceptions of PCC.MethodsAn interview study was conducted in 2018 during the implementation of PCC with HCPs (n = 97) representing diverse vocational roles in six healthcare contexts. Data were collected via focus groups (n = 15), dyadic interviews (n = 5), and individual interviews (n = 22) and analysed using a deductive–inductive content analysis. The deductive approach was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), followed by an inductive analysis to describe HCPs’ in-depth perceptions of PCC in relation to each of the CFIR constructs.ResultsEight constructs from two of the CFIR domains, Intervention characteristics and Inner setting, were used to code HCPs’ perceptions of PCC. One construct, Observability, was added to the coding sheet to fully describe all the data. The constructs Relative advantage, Complexity, Compatibility, Observability, and Available resources were discussed in depth by HCPs and resulted in rich and detailed data in the inductive data analysis. This analysis showed large variations in perceptions of PCC among HCPs, based on factors such as the PCCs ethical underpinnings, its operationalisation into concrete working routines, and each HCPs’ unique recognition of PCC and the value they placed on it.ConclusionsWe identified nine CFIR constructs that seem pertinent to HCPs’ perceptions of PCC. HCPs report an array of mixed perceptions of PCC, underlining its complex nature. The perceptions are shaped by a range of factors, such as their individual understandings of the concept and the operationalisation of PCC in their local context. Stakeholders in charge of implementing PCC might use the results as a guide, delineating factors that may be important to consider in a wide range of healthcare contexts.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy for osseous low alpha–beta resistant metastases for pain relief—SOLAR-P
Authors: Nguyen Eric K. , Quan Kimmen , Parpia Sameer , Tran Stephan , Swaminath Anand 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) has shown effectiveness in treating bone metastases to alleviate pain. The benefit of SBRT may be further harnessed especially when radiating disease from primary malignancies with low alpha–beta ratios in order to maximize the magnitude and durability of pain relief. However, such an approach has not been studied in a prospective trial. We look to assess single-fraction SBRT for painful non-spinal bone metastases from radioresistant primaries.

Methods
Forty patients will be enrolled on an open label, phase II single arm trial to receive a single fraction of SBRT (15–20 Gray) to all sites of bone metastases requiring treatment for pain relief. Eligible patients will include those with primary malignancies consisting of prostate cancer, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma, or melanoma. The primary endpoint is pain response at 3 months post-treatment using the Brief Pain Inventory. Secondary endpoints include pain response at 1 month and 6 months post-treatment, toxicity, patient-reported quality of life, re-irradiation or salvage surgery, and local control.

Discussion
This study will evaluate the efficacy of single-fraction SBRT on painful bone metastases from primary cancers with low alpha–beta ratios. These data will be valuable to promote future randomized trials and support clinical implementation.
Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04177056. Date of registration: November 26, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04177056
Three-dimensional mapping of distal humerus fracture
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhu Yong , Long Haitao , Lin Zhangyuan , Zhao Ruibo , Sun Buhua , Zhao Shushan , Cheng Liang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Distal humerus fractures (DHFs) constitute one-third of elbow fractures approximately. In this study, we aim to define and analyze the fracture lines and morphological features of DHFs using mapping technique.

Methods
One hundred and two DHFs were retrospectively reviewed. All the computed tomography (CT) data were used to manually reconstruct and virtually reduce the DHF fragments to fit a standard 3D model. Smooth curves were depicted accurately onto the surface of the template to represent the fracture lines. All the curves were overlapped onto the model to create the 3D fracture map and heat map.

Results
Our analysis was based on 102 CT images of DHFs, contributed by 59 male and 43 female patients (mean age, 46 years; range, 18-93 years), and included 15 type A, 25 type B, and 62 type C fractures. On mapping, the hot zones were located in the radial fossa, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa, and the external part of the trochlear. Conversely, the cold zones were noted in medial condyle, the medial side of the trochlear, and the anterolateral area on the supracondylar ridge.

Conclusions
Our study firstly shows the fracture lines and morphological features of distal humeral fractures by three-dimensional mapping technology. Distal humerus fracture lines are characteristic and highly related to the micro-architecture difference of distal humerus, which may provide some guidance for the treatment plan selection and surgical fixation design.
A gene-editing/complementation strategy for tissue-specific lignin reduction while preserving biomass yield
Authors: Yu Hasi , Liu Chang , Dixon Richard A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Lignification of secondary cell walls is a major factor conferring recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass to deconstruction for fuels and chemicals. Genetic modification can reduce lignin content and enhance saccharification efficiency, but usually at the cost of moderate-to-severe growth penalties. We have developed a method, using a single DNA construct that uses CRISPR–Cas9 gene editing to knock-out expression of an endogenous gene of lignin monomer biosynthesis while at the same time expressing a modified version of the gene’s open reading frame that escapes cutting by the Cas9 system and complements the introduced mutation in a tissue-specific manner.

Results
Expressing the complementing open reading frame in vessels allows for the regeneration of Arabidopsis plants with reduced lignin, wild-type biomass yield, and up to fourfold enhancement of cell wall sugar yield per plant. The above phenotypes are seen in both homozygous and bi-allelic heterozygous T1 lines, and are stable over at least four generations.

Conclusions
The method provides a rapid approach for generating reduced lignin trees or crops with one single transformation event, and, paired with a range of tissue-specific promoters, provides a general strategy for optimizing loss-of-function traits that are associated with growth penalties. This method should be applicable to any plant species in which transformation and gene editing are feasible and validated vessel-specific promoters are available.
Dynamic reciprocal relationships between cognitive and functional declines along the Alzheimer’s disease continuum in the prospective COGICARE study
Authors: Carles Sophie , Taddé Bachirou O. , Berr Claudine , Helmer Catherine , Jacqmin-Gadda Hélène , Carrière Isabelle , Proust-Lima Cécile 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Thoroughly understanding the temporal associations between cognitive and functional dimensions along the dementia process is fundamental to define preventive measures likely to delay the disease’s onset. This work aimed to finely describe the trajectories of cognitive and functional declines, and assess their dynamic bidirectional relationships among subjects at different stages of the dementia process.

Methods
We leveraged extensive repeated data of cognition and functional dependency from the French prospective COGICARE study, designed to better characterize the natural history of cognitive and functional declines around dementia diagnosis. Cognition was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Isaacs Set Test for verbal fluency, the Benton Visual Retention Test for visuo-spatial memory, and Trail Making Test Part B for executive functioning. Functional dependency was measured by basic and instrumental activities of daily living. The study included 102 cognitively normal, 123 mildly cognitively impaired, and 72 dementia cases with a median of 5 repeated visits over up to 57 months. We used a dynamic causal model which addresses the two essential issues in temporal associations assessment: focusing on intra-individual change and accounting for time.

Results
Better cognitive abilities were associated with lower subsequent decline of the functional level among the three clinical stages with an intensification over time but no reciprocity of the association whatever the clinical status.

Conclusion
This work confirms that the progressive functional dependency could be induced by cognitive impairment. Subjects identified as early as possible with clinically significant cognitive impairments could benefit from preventive measures before the deterioration of activities of daily living and the appearance of dementia clinical signs.
Structural brain differences in recovering and weight-recovered adult outpatient women with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Brodrick Brooks B. , Adler-Neal Adrienne L. , Palka Jayme M. , Mishra Virendra , Aslan Sina , McAdams Carrie J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnorexia nervosa is a complex psychiatric illness that includes severe low body weight with cognitive distortions and altered eating behaviors. Brain structures, including cortical thicknesses in many regions, are reduced in underweight patients who are acutely ill with anorexia nervosa. However, few studies have examined adult outpatients in the process of recovering from anorexia nervosa. Evaluating neurobiological problems at different physiological stages of anorexia nervosa may facilitate our understanding of the recovery process.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images from 37 partially weight-restored women with anorexia nervosa (pwAN), 32 women with a history of anorexia nervosa maintaining weight restoration (wrAN), and 41 healthy control women were analyzed using FreeSurfer. Group differences in brain structure, including cortical thickness, areas, and volumes, were compared using a series of factorial f-tests, including age as a covariate, and correcting for multiple comparisons with the False Discovery Rate method.ResultsThe pwAN and wrAN cohorts differed from each other in body mass index, eating disorder symptoms, and social problem solving orientations, but not depression or self-esteem. Relative to the HC cohort, eight cortical thicknesses were thinner for the pwAN cohort; these regions were predominately right-sided and in the cingulate and frontal lobe. One of these regions, the right pars orbitalis, was also thinner for the wrAN cohort. One region, the right parahippocampal gyrus, was thicker in the pwAN cohort. One volume, the right cerebellar white matter, was reduced in the pwAN cohort. There were no differences in global white matter, gray matter, or subcortical volumes across the cohorts.ConclusionsMany regional structural differences were observed in the pwAN cohort with minimal differences in the wrAN cohort. These data support a treatment focus on achieving and sustaining full weight restoration to mitigate possible neurobiological sequela of AN. In addition, the regions showing cortical thinning are similar to structural changes reported elsewhere for suicide attempts, anxiety disorders, and autistic spectrum disorder. Understanding how brain structure and function are related to clinical symptoms expressed during the course of recovering from AN is needed.
Mindfulness based art therapy study protocol to determine efficacy in reducing college stress and anxiety
Authors: Van Lith Theresa , Cheshure Andrea , Pickett Scott M. , Stanwood Gregg D. , Beerse Megan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
College students in Generation Z are among the most stressed of our time. Previous research suggests that current interventions on university campuses are primarily for students in crises, but supportive services like psychoeducation to introduce coping skills are scant. Interventions that take both financial and time pressures into account are needed to address the mental health challenges faced by students. This study is designed to determine the unique role of the arts as a proactive mental health strategy for college students.

Methods
A sample of college students in Generation Z (n = 120) will be recruited. Participants will be assigned to Arts-only, mindfulness-only, mindfulness-based art interventions or a non-intervention control group. These interventions will be delivered using a minimal contact, web-based approach. Participants will be screened for eligibility requirements prior to the inclusion in the Time 1 assessment though an online survey. Once enrolled, participants will complete the Time 1 assessment, followed by the intervention. Each assessment will consist of psychological and physiological measures. The MBAT, NCT and MO groups will complete a brief self-care task twice a week for 5 weeks. Upon completion of the assigned intervention, participants will complete a Time 2 assessment and participate in the Trier Social Stress Test. Six weeks post-intervention, participants will complete the final assessment to assess the longevity of effects of the intervention.

Discussion
This study will clarify the effects of Mindfulness-based Art Therapy on several biometric and physiological markers above and beyond isolated art therapy or mindfulness interventions. Qualitative data in the form of transcribed exit interviews will be analyzed to characterize the unique needs of Generation Z students, along with level of engagement, intervention acceptance and satisfaction. The results will identify the efficacy of a low-cost and easily accessible mental health intervention targeting college students experiencing stress and anxiety.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04834765, 05/17/21. Retrospectively registered.
A comparison of self-bias measures across cognitive domains
Authors: Amodeo Letizia , Wiersema Jan R. , Brass Marcel , Nijhof Annabel D. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The ‘self-bias’—i.e., the human proneness to preferentially process self-relevant stimuli—is thought to be important for both self-related and social processing. Previous research operationalized the self-bias using different paradigms, assessing the size of the self-bias within a single cognitive domain. Recent studies suggested a reduced self-bias in autism, yet findings are inconsistent. The lack of consensus across existing studies may result from variation in paradigms and cognitive domains tested. Therefore, the primary goal of the current study was to investigate whether self-biases found across cognitive domains (i.e., perception, memory, attention) are related or independent. The secondary goal was to explore the relationship between these self-biases and the extent of autistic traits in a neurotypical sample.

Methods
In an online procedure, 99 Dutch-speaking adults performed three self-processing tasks in counterbalanced order—i.e., the shape-label matching task (perception), the trait adjectives task (memory) and the visual search task (attention)—and completed two self-report measures of ASD symptomatology, i.e., AQ-10 and SRS-A. To control for level of familiarity, self-, close other- and famous other-relevant stimuli were included in each task. Repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted for each task, and both frequentist as well as Bayesian analyses were applied to investigate the correlational patterns between self-bias measures.

Results
We observed significant correlations of the self-bias magnitude between memory and attention, as well as attention and perception. However, Bayesian analysis provided only weak support for the latter association. Further, the size of the self-bias was not significantly related across memory and perception. No significant correlation between autistic traits and the self-bias magnitude was found for any of the three tasks, with Bayesian analyses strongly favoring the null hypothesis.

Conclusions
In contrast with the view of a ‘unidimensional’ self-bias, our findings provide evidence for a heterogeneous and multifaceted self consisting of a variety of related and unrelated aspects. None of the self-bias indices were found to relate to autistic traits in our neurotypical sample.
Study on the linear absent section ratio (L-ASR) of earthen sites and anthropogenic influence from the perspective of population density
Authors: Du Yumin , Chen Wenwu , Cui Kai , Dong Wenqiang , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Qiyong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Having extremely high artistic, scientific and social values, earthen sites are widely distributed in China and are important human cultural relic resources. Due to accumulated natural erosions (from rain and wind) and human activities (destructive activities of human beings in history and modern times), however, earthen sites have been greatly damaged, and many sections have even been absent, so that they are seriously threatened by extinction. Under these circumstances, acquiring the conservation status of earthen sites is a vital prerequisite for the subsequent targeted protection. In this paper, as a world-renowned heritage site, the castles of the Ming Great Wall located in Qinghai Province were selected as the research object. A novel indicator, namely the linear absent section ratio (L-ASR), was proposed, and its value was classified into five levels to quantitatively characterize the specific conservation status of such sites, including excellent (E) (0–10%), good (G) (10–25%), fair (F) (25–50%), poor (P) (50–75%), and very poor (VP) (75–100%). Based on the assessment results, the castles with excellent status constituted the minimum proportion, while the castles with very poor status represented the largest percentage, reflecting the grave situation of earthen sites. Furthermore, by applying population distribution models to the linear fitting combined with the population density (PD), a positive correlation between PD and L-ASR was obtained to reveal the anthropogenic influence on the destruction of earthen sites. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to provide a far richer understanding of which factors correlate most strongly with deterioration. This study provides a new thought to quantitatively characterize the preservation conditions of earthen sites and also indicates the effect of human activities on the damage of earthen sites from a population density perspective, which is potentially used for the analysis of more various types of architecture with different construction techniques. Hence, this approach is beneficial to the overall damage assessment of earthen sites, and also meaningful to their further preservation and protective planning.
Forecast of complex financial big data using model tree optimized by bilevel evolution strategy
Authors: Senoguchi Junsuke 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIf a decision tree is constructed through a series of locally optimal solutions, such as the Greedy method, overfitting to the data is likely to occur. In order to avoid overfitting, many previous research have attempted to collectively optimize the structure of a decision tree by using evolutionary computation. However, if attributes of each split and their thresholds are searched simultaneously, the evaluation function becomes intermittent; thus, optimization methods assuming continuous distribution cannot be used. In this study, in order to enable efficient search assuming continuous distribution even for complicated data that contains a lot of noise and extraordinary values, such as financial time series data, the inner level search that optimizes each threshold value collectively given a specific attribute for each split in a model tree and the outer level search that optimizes the attributes of each split were performed by separate evolutionary computing. As a result, we obtained high prediction accuracy that far exceeded the performance of the conventional method.
Review of the Early–Middle Pleistocene boundary and Marine Isotope Stage 19
Authors: Head Martin J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) defining the base of the Chibanian Stage and Middle Pleistocene Subseries at the Chiba section, Japan, was ratified on January 17, 2020. Although this completed a process initiated by the International Union for Quaternary Research in 1973, the term Middle Pleistocene had been in use since the 1860s. The Chiba GSSP occurs immediately below the top of Marine Isotope Substage (MIS) 19c and has an astronomical age of 774.1 ka. The Matuyama–Brunhes paleomagnetic reversal has a directional midpoint just 1.1 m above the GSSP and serves as the primary guide to the boundary. This reversal lies within the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition and has long been favoured to mark the base of the Middle Pleistocene. MIS 19 occurs within an interval of low-amplitude orbital eccentricity and was triggered by an obliquity cycle. It spans two insolation peaks resulting from precession minima and has a duration of ~ 28 to 33 kyr. MIS 19c begins ~ 791–787.5 ka, includes full interglacial conditions which lasted for ~ 8–12.5 kyr, and ends with glacial inception at ~ 774–777 ka. This inception has left an array of climatostratigraphic signals close to the Early–Middle Pleistocene boundary. MIS 19b–a contains a series of three or four interstadials often with rectangular-shaped waveforms and marked by abrupt (< 200 year) transitions. Intervening stadials including the inception of glaciation are linked to the calving of ice sheets into the northern North Atlantic and consequent disruption of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), which by means of the thermal bipolar seesaw caused phase-lagged warming events in the Antarctic. The coherence of stadial–interstadial oscillations during MIS 19b–a across the Asian–Pacific and North Atlantic–Mediterranean realms suggests AMOC-originated shifts in the Intertropical Convergence Zone and pacing by equatorial insolation forcing. Low-latitude monsoon dynamics appear to have amplified responses regionally although high-latitude teleconnections may also have played a role.