bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing and Evaluation of Peeling Tools
Authors: Chahal Promilakrishna , Singh Kiran 
Published: June 2021

Background: In different regions of the country, they use the only knife for cutting, peeling and chopping the vegetables. The knife caused some design related problems when it is used for peeling. The present study was undertaken to identify those problems and suggest appropriate tool for same purposes.Methods: The performance of each tool (knife and peeler) was studied after a year of use by rural women for peeling purposes. Performance of peeling was analyzed on the basis of peeling efficient, peel thickness, peel weight proportion and capacity of each tool. A psychophysical study was done to compare the both tools based on women preferences. Conclusion: The capacity and peeling efficiency of the peeler (x=980.39±80.5 grams/min and respectively) were found to be higher than knife (x=440.26±38.9 grams/min. and). The wastage of fruits/vegetables in peel was also found less (9.0% with thickness of peel was (x=1.1±1.9mm) by using peeler. Peeler was found to be reducing the peeling time (35.29%) as well as making the peeling task easy (∑=3.54) for women. As well as use of peeler was significantly (p=0.05) reducing the problems of pain, stiffness, cuts in hands and was found highly accepted (∑=4.37) by women for peeling purposes.
Contribuição do BIM para o desenvolvimento da Economia Circular no ambiente construído
Authors: Cruz Victor Filipi , Góes Thiago Montenegro 
Published: June 2021

A forma como se produz, mantém e renova o ambiente construído é determinante para a condição de insustentabilidade global vivenciada. Assim, a Economia Circular surge como uma proposta na busca de aplicação prática dos princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável no setor, mas enfrenta muitas barreiras Ã sua implementação. A Modelagem de Informação da Construção (BIM ”“ do inglês Building Information Modeling) é candidata a facilitadora nessa transição, sendo o objetivo deste trabalho apresentar uma visão geral do seu potencial de contribuição e limitações com base em uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura e análise temática dos resultados. Os resultados demonstram que as pesquisas na área ainda são recentes e em pouca quantidade nas bases de dados utilizadas. Mesmo assim, observa-se que o BIM tem um potencial significativo para contribuir com a Economia Circular no ambiente construído, principalmente no suporte a análises circulares desde fases iniciais de projeto, na gestão de bancos de materiais de edifícios, na adaptabilidade computacional a novos fluxos de trabalho e na viabilização de plataformas de integração da cadeia produtiva. Desse modo, a Economia Circular pode se beneficiar do BIM enquanto agente integrador da cadeia produtiva e do(s) ciclo(s) de vida do ambiente construído.
Russian Animalier Art in the XVIII- XIX Centuries in the Context of European Schools: The Origins and Nature of Development
Authors: Портнова Ирина 
Published: June 2021

This study delves into the process of development of Russian animal art of the 18th-19th Centuries. The primary purpose of the research was to make a review of these two historical periods, which determined the typical features of the early and mature periods of development of animal art in Russia—the time of the birth and development of the genre. According to the author, genre issues are important, and talking about it is necessary to define the image of the animalistic nature in all its specificity. In addition, it is noted that researchers do not characterise the stage of early Animalism, which first appeared in the 18th Century, sufficiently. Nevertheless, this genre has demonstrated all the love of artists for the real perception of the natural world and their sincere will to create its truthful and reliable reflection in their works. This tendency is typical for Western European Art. At the same time, it has been explicitly expressed in the works of Russian animal artists. Compared with European Animal Art of the 17th-18th Centuries, Russian ‘Kunstkammer drawing’ and how the class of ‘animal and birds’ was organised looked like a real innovation. These two factors have contributed to the creation of a full-fledged animalistic image. The author underlines that the main principle of imitation of nature was at the basis of teaching in the Russian school. It eventually led to the formation of the genre with its complex, distinctive features. These unique features was observed in the animal art of the 19th Century, mainly in the form of hippique images.
Nevertheless, there was an attempt to combine two separated historical periods— the 18th and 19th Centuries, which demonstrated different images, approaches (animal naturalia of the 18th Century and horse characters of the 19th Century). The author, here, tends to talk about Russian Animalism of the 19th Century, one of the most explored ones. Doing so underlines the importance of animal art of the two periods as a historically conditioned cultural phenomenon in the relationship between genres of Fine Art and trends of the time. The historical and artistic method made it possible to identify the connection between these two eras in which Animalism was expressed significantly. Its originality is that it combined two diverse eras into one national whole.
Submitted: December 20, 2020; Revised: 12 February 2021; Accepted: 8 April 2021
Assembly Elections of India, 2021: Revisiting Assam
Authors: Kumar Sarma Pranjit , Bhattacharyya Rituparna 
Published: June 2021

In India, Assembly Elections were held in Assam, West Bengal, Kerela, Tamil Nadu and Puducherry in the first half of 2021. Driving this study is an attempt to analyse the election results of the state of Assam where Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and its allies, Mitrajot or National Democratic Alliance (NDA), successfully defeated the Indian National Congress (INC), and its allies, Mahajot (Grand Alliance). Drawing primarily upon secondary data and applying GIS techniques, the study makes a critical analogy of how Mitrajot managed to accomplish victory.
This is a solicited article. Submitted: 10 May 2021; Accepted: 24 June 2021.
INFLUENCE OF A BLEND OF DIETARY ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS ON GROWTH, ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY, AND INTESTINAL HISTOLOGY OF BLUE DISCUS
Authors: SANTOS Ruda Fernandes Brandão , SIQUEIRA Mayara Schueroff , REIS Ryuller Gama Abreu , SILVA Weliton Vilhalba , ZIEMNICZAK Henrique Momo , HONORATO Claucia Aparecida 
Published: June 2021

Symphysodon aequifasciatus is a fish with a disk-shaped body and bright colors, important characteristics of ornamental fish. We evaluated amino acid supplementation strategies to reduce crude protein in the diet for evaluation of performance, the content of digestive enzymes, liver metabolism, and intestinal histopathology. A total of 180 fish were randomly distributed in 12 separate 50 L glass aquariums, consisting of a completely randomized design with four treatments (DC - Control diet with 34.4% crude protein; DL - Control diet plus 1% of lysine; DEAA - Control diet plus 1% free essential amino acids (threonine, phenylalanine, leucine, valine, arginine, and tryptophan); and DHP - Diet with a high level of crude protein 48.4%), three repetitions, lasting 60 days. The use of DL and DEAA diets resulted in higher intestinal villus height and higher zootechnical performance. The use of DL diet increased alkaline phosphatase and digestive amylase activity. The use of DHP diets promotes severe liver changes due to increased activity of Alanine aminotraserase. Therefore, it was possible to observe that the use of amino acids can supply the nutritional need of blue discus. Supplementation of diets with AAs allows the reduction of dietary protein, which is a strategy for feeding management.
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING BATTERIES OF THE LATEST TECHNOLOGIES ON SAMPLES OF ARMORED WEAPONS AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT
Authors: Андрєєв Володимир , Чорнобай Валентин , Бабкін Юрій , Таран Ольга , Кот Володимир , Аненкова Олена 
Published: June 2021

The subject matter of the article is mass and dimensional characteristics of batteries, their design, electrical, operational parameters and energy capabilities. The goal of the study is the possibility of using maintenance-free batteries on samples of armored weapons and military equipment. The tasks to be solved are: to analyze the existing technologies for the batteries production, their advantages and disadvantages given the peculiarities of the operation of military equipment and the main technical characteristics of the batteries; by statistical data processing to investigate the dependences of “starter” discharge modes and energy capabilities of the batteries manufactured by technologies of different generations; to investigate the possibilities of constructive implementation of power supply formation taking into account possible design changes in the engine starting system, ensuring the necessary charge stability and compensation for exceeding the cost of gel and Absorbed in Glass Mat (AGM) batteries in comparison with the cost of the type 12ST85 ones. General scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge are used. The following results were obtained: The existing technologies of battery production, their advantages and disadvantages have been analyzed taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of military equipment and the main technical characteristics of batteries. The dependences of the “starter” discharge modes and the energy capabilities of batteries made by different technologies generations have been studied. Possibilities of constructive realization of power supply formation taking into account available constructive changes in the engine electric start system, providing the necessary charge stability and compensation for excess cost of gel and AGM batteries compared to the cost of batteries type 12ST85 have been investigated. Conclusions. Using at the samples of armored vehicles and military equipment batteries made by modern technology does not require fundamental structural changes in the electrical equipment of the machine. To meet the requirements of the standards for voltage parameters in the on-board armored weapons and military equipment networks, it is necessary to install an appropriate voltage relay regulator. The issue of exceeding the cost of gel and AGM batteries compared to the cost of type 12CT-85 ones can be compensated by the absence of costs for operating materials, maintenance personnel as well as the long service life of gel or AGM batteries compared to conventional lead-acid ones.
Implimentation of Novel Framework For Efficient Data Gathering With Multiple Mobile Sink Sensor Nodes In WSN
Authors: Abassi Saim , Anis Irfan , Kashif Muhammad , Tayab Usman Bashir 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In couple of years, the great research towards oceanographic data transmission and submerged impurity the Submerged Wireless Sensor Networks are getting great consideration. SWSN includes issues such as link sustainability, time to begin interaction, data loss due to real-time transmission attempts and transmission range. The aforementioned complications have been approached through different routing configurations, but none of these can handle transmission efficiently. In this paper we proposed a framework of network in depth based data acquisition system with simulation and experimental results. The system model has been efficiently transmit data (Turbidity, Temperature and PH) in a region (Indus River) using the smart cluster sensor nodes and acquires result of 6.5 to 31 N.T.U of turbidity. The experimental results proved that the projected work improves the performance of the data transmission in Submerged Wireless Sensor Networks.
Role of Organic/Sulfide Ratios On DNRA Cultivation And The Microbial Community Structure of A Co-Driven Sequencing Biofilm Batch Reactor
Authors: Li Xiaoling , Zhao Jianqiang , Zhang Yuhao , He Jiaojie , Ma Kaili , Liu Chun Shuang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), are two competing pathways in nitrate reducing process. In this study, a series of C/S ratios from 8:1 to 2:4 was investigated in a sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR) to determine the role of reducers (sulfide and acetate) on their competition. The results showed the proportion of DNRA increased in high electron system, either in organic rich or in sulfide rich system. The highest DNRA ratio increased to 16.7% at the C/S ratio of 2:3. Excess electron donors, particularly sulfide, were favorable for DNRA in a limited nitrate environment. Moreover, a higher reductive environment (ORP <-400 mV) can be used as an indicator for the occurrence of DNRA. 16s RNA analysis demonstrated that Grobacter was the main functional bacteria of DNRA in the organic rich system, while Alphaproteobacteria and Desulfomicrobium were dominant DNRA bacteria in the sulfide rich system. DNRA cultivation could enrich nitrogen conversion pathways in conventional denitrification systems. This provides the great insight into nitrogen removal in high nitrogen containing sewage with low C/N.
Identification And Validation of Pivotal Genes Related To Meniscus Senescence Based On Gene Expression Profiling Analysis And In Vivo And In Vitro Models Detection
Authors: Chen Ming , Zhou Siqi , Shi Huasong , Gu Hanwen , Wen Yinxian , Chen Liaobin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The compositional change in the meniscus with aging would increase the tissue vulnerability of the meniscus, which would induce meniscus tearing. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of age-related meniscus degeneration with gene expression profiling analysis, and validate pivotal genes in vivo and in vitro models.Methods: The GSE45233 dataset, including 6 elderly meniscus samples and 6 younger meniscus samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. To screen the differential expression of mRNAs, identify the miRNAs targeting hub genes, and forecast the potentially toxic drugs, we completed a series of bioinformatics analyses, including functional and pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction network, hub genes screening, construction of a lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA network, and molecular docking of potential drugs. Furthermore, crucial genes were examined in human senescent menisci, mouse senescent meniscus tissues and mouse meniscus cells stimulated by IL-1β.Results: In total, the most significant 4 hub genes (RRM2, AURKB, CDK1, and TIMP1), 5 miRNAs (hsa-miR-6810-5p, hsa-miR-4676-5p, hsa-miR-6877-5p, hsa-miR-8085, and hsa-miR-6133) that regulated such 4 hub genes, and potential toxic drugs (Cladribine, Danusertib, Barasertib, Riviciclib, and Dinaciclib) that had a targeting effect on these genes, were finally identified. Moreover, these hub genes were decreased in meniscus cells in vitro and meniscus tissues in vivo, which indicated that hub genes were related to meniscus senescence and could serve as potential biomarkers for age-related meniscus tearing.Conclusions: In short, the integrated analysis of gene expression profile, co-expression network, and models detection identified pivotal genes, which elucidated the possible molecular basis underlying the senescence meniscus and also provided prognosis clues for early-onset age-related meniscus tearing.
Defining the true hardness of materials harder than single crystal diamond
Authors: Zhan Guodong (David) , Liu Jin , Wang Pei , Wang Liping , Yan Xiaozhi , Zou Yongtao , He Duanwei , Gooneratne Chinthaka , Xu Jianhui , Alalsayednassir Alawi , Moellendick Timothy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With the development of new synthesis methods and chemistries, a number of new superhard materials have been reported to be harder than diamond. While such materials are highly desirable due to their wide-ranging applications, there are some inherent uncertainties in the methods utilized to determine and define the hardness of such materials. In this paper, we employed the Vickers Hardness Tester to measure the hardness of nine ceramic and superhard materials within a well-defined criteria and methodology, for the reliable assessment of the hardness of these new superhard materials. These findings and the developed testing method have broad implications in the characterizing of new and emerging superhard materials, leading to new discoveries.
A novel biosurfactant producing Kocuria rosea ABR6 as potential strain in oil sludge recovery and lubrication
Authors: Akbari Elham , Maal Keivan Beheshti , Rasekh Behnam , Karbasiun Farahnaz , Emami Zarrin dokh , Yazdian Fatemeh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
At various stages of crude oil refining, solid and semi-solid wastes, known as petroleum sludge, are produced. Accumulation of oil waste in the refinery leads to reduced efficiency of oil refining and its release causes environmental pollution Biosurfactant-producing isolates were isolated from the oil reservoirs of the Isfahan refinery, Iran, and screened by oil expansion test, droplet collapse, and surface tension reduction measurement. Oil recovery from oil sludge was measured under constant conditions. The effect of factoring biosource lubrication on crude oil in pipelines was investigated in vitro. Also, the optimization of biosurfactant production in different conditions was measured as a single factor and Response surface Methodology. The best biosurfactant-producing bacterium was identified as Kocuria rosea ABR6, and its sequence was registered in the gene bank with access number of MK100469 registered. Chemical analysis proved that the biosurfactant produced was a lipopeptide. 7% of crude oil was recovered from petroleum sludge by biosurfactant obtained from Kocuria rosea ABR6.Also, the speed of crude oil transfer in pipelines was reduced from 64 seconds to 35 seconds. The highest biosurfactant production was measured at pH 9, aeration rate of 120 rpm and 96 hours after incubation. The use of biosurfactants produced by Kocuria rosea ABR6 is recommended to remove oil sludge and lubricate oil in pipelines recommended in the oil industry
Screening and Identification of Key Biomarkers in Low-Grade Gliomas: Evidence from Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: He Dong , Qin Zhen , Gao Taihong , Yang Fan , Guo Hua , Xin Tao , Zhang Rui , Sun Jun , Liu Qian , Qi Pang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Low-grade glioma (LGG) is one of the most common brain tumors in the world. Surgical resection is often regarded as the first choice for treatment. Patients with LGGs have a longer survival time than other types of gliomas, but risks of recurrence exist which often transforms the initial LGGs to malignant glioblastomas (GBM). For standardized therapy, adjustment in the treatment options based on early assessment of the recurrent risk of LGGs may improve the outcome of the patients. Considering that the molecular mechanisms beneath the recurrence of LGGs, as well as the detailed differences between the primary and recurrent LGGs still remain unclear, we aim to identify the critical genes that are specifically involved in the recurrence of LGGs. Method: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset of the primary and recurrent LGGs (TCGA-LGG) was therefore downloaded for the subsequent investigation. By performing differential expression and functional enrichment analyses followed by a module examination based on STRING and Cytoscape.Results: A total of 413 DEGs were identified, consisting of 187 downregulated genes and 226 upregulated genes. We further integrated the enriched functional pathways of these DEGs, which led to the identification of five hub genes--- GFAP, AQP4, KCNJ10, SLC1A2 and SLC1A3. The subsequent survival analysis indeed showed that these five genes may be closely involved in the recurrence and progression of LGGs. Conclusion: The identification of DEGs and hub genes in LGGs help us better understand the development, progression, and recurrence mechanisms of LGGs. Our research evidently suggested that ion/water homeostasis and neurotransmitters, two major factors in tumor microenvironment, may play important roles in the tumorigenesis, especially recurrence of LGGs, and it may provide potential targets for diagnosis and treatment of LGGs.
Tourists Preferences in Visiting Heritage Sites in China
Authors: Jebbouri Abdelhamid , Zhang Heqing , Bouchiba Nasser 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tourism is a way of recreation, which involves a person’s travel to another city, country, and even to another continent. Travel is different, and any connoisseur can choose a vacation to their liking: active, educational, wellness, religious, beach, or rural. Tourism helps people escape from everyday problems, learn something new, and get an unforgettable aesthetic satisfaction. Also, such a vacation helps not only to learn the cultures of other countries and peoples but also contributes to the personal development of any traveller. In general, it allows people to combine relaxation with learning new things. However, different tourists have different preferences, so their motivation to visit specific cities, countries, or regions are also different. This study aims to provide tourists in China with an up to date and specific typology based on centricity and experience. Besides, the motive behind the work presented in this paper is to identify the different types of tourists in China, analyse their preferences, and as a result, create their holistic profile. Several studies from China already have information on the factors that influence this typology. In general, they include characteristics of travel (for example, on-site activities, prior knowledge) and some sociodemographic characteristics. This study shows that, in practice, there are small differences in preferences between local day trippers and those travelling for several days from remote regions of China.
Hub Genes Related to the Pathogenesis and Progression of Colorectal Cancer and Adenoma by Integrative Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: HUANG Yuxuan , CUI Ge 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aims: To utilize the bioinformatics to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), interaction proteins, perform gene enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and map the hub genes between colorectal cancer(CRC) and colorectal adenocarcinomas(CA).Methods: We analyzed a microarray dataset (GSE32323 and GSE4183) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in tumor tissues and non-cancerous tissues were identified using the dplyr and Venn diagram packages of the R Studio software. Functional annotation of the DEGs was performed using the Gene Ontology (GO) website. Pathway enrichment (KEGG) used the WebGestalt to analyze the data and R Studio to generate the graph. We constructed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs using STRING and Cytoscape software was used for visualization. Survival analysis of the hub genes and was performed using the online platform GEPIA to determine the prognostic value of the expression of hub genes in cell lines from CRC patients. The expression of molecules with prognostic values was validated on the UALCAN database. The expression of hub genes was examined using the Human Protein Atlas. Results: Applying the GEO2R analysis and R studio, we identified a total of 471 upregulated and 278 downregulated DEGs. By using the online database WebGestalt, we identified the most relevant biological networks involving DEGs with statistically significant differences in expression were mainly associated with biological processes involved in the cell proliferation, cell cycle transition, cell homeostasis and indicated the role of each DEGs in cell cycle regulation pathways. We found 10 hub genes with prognostic values were overexpressed in the CRC and CA samples.Conclusion: we found out ten hub genes and three core genes closely associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of CRC and CA, which is of great significance for colorectal tumor early detection and prognosis evaluation.