bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The human melanoma proteome atlas—Defining the molecular pathology
Authors: Betancourt Lazaro Hiram , Gil Jeovanis , Kim Yonghyo , Doma Viktória , Çakır Uğur , Sanchez Aniel , Murillo Jimmy Rodriguez , Kuras Magdalena , Parada Indira Pla , Sugihara Yutaka , Appelqvist Roger , Wieslander Elisabet , Welinder Charlotte , Velasquez Erika , de Almeida Natália Pinto , Woldmar Nicole , Marko‐Varga Matilda , Pawłowski Krzysztof , Eriksson Jonatan , Szeitz Beáta , Baldetorp Bo , Ingvar Christian , Olsson Håkan , Lundgren Lotta , Lindberg Henrik , Oskolas Henriett , Lee Boram , Berge Ethan , Sjögren Marie , Eriksson Carina , Kim Dasol , Kwon Ho Jeong , Knudsen Beatrice , Rezeli Melinda , Hong Runyu , Horvatovich Peter , Miliotis Tasso , Nishimura Toshihide , Kato Harubumi , Steinfelder Erik , Oppermann Madalina , Miller Ken , Florindi Francesco , Zhou Qimin , Domont Gilberto B. , Pizzatti Luciana , Nogueira Fábio C. S. , Horvath Peter , Szadai Leticia , Tímár József , Kárpáti Sarolta , Szász A. Marcell , Malm Johan , Fenyö David , Ekedahl Henrik , Németh István Balázs , Marko‐Varga György 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe MM500 study is an initiative to map the protein levels in malignant melanoma tumor samples, focused on in‐depth histopathology coupled to proteome characterization. The protein levels and localization were determined for a broad spectrum of diverse, surgically isolated melanoma tumors originating from multiple body locations. More than 15,500 proteoforms were identified by mass spectrometry, from which chromosomal and subcellular localization was annotated within both primary and metastatic melanoma. The data generated by global proteomic experiments covered 72% of the proteins identified in the recently reported high stringency blueprint of the human proteome. This study contributes to the NIH Cancer Moonshot initiative combining detailed histopathological presentation with the molecular characterization for 505 melanoma tumor samples, localized in 26 organs from 232 patients.
A structured seabird population model reveals how alternative forage fish control rules benefit seabirds and fisheries
Authors: Koehn Laura E. , Siple Margaret C. , Essington Timothy E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFisheries for forage fish may affect the survival and reproduction of piscivorous predators, especially seabirds. However, seabirds have evolved life history strategies to cope with natural fluctuations in prey and it is difficult to separate effects of fishing on seabirds from impacts of natural variability. To date, potential impacts of forage fisheries on seabirds have mainly been explored using ecosystem models that simplify seabird–forage‐fish dynamics. We sought to explore how different forage fish harvest policies affect seabirds, accounting for structured population dynamics, life history specifics, and variation in forage fish dependencies across life stages; and how impacts vary across seabird and forage fish life histories. To explore these impacts, we developed an age‐stage structured seabird model that incorporates seabird diet specialization, foraging behavior, and reproductive strategy, as well as different functional responses between prey availability and adult survival, juvenile survival, reproductive success, and breeder propensity. We parameterized this model for two contrasting seabird life histories: (1) a low fecundity, limited foraging range, diet specialist (“restricted”); and (2) a high fecundity, wide ranging, diet generalist (“flexible”). Each was paired with two different forage fish prey archetypes that were fished under various control rules. The restricted seabird population was expectedly less robust to constant fishing pressure than the flexible seabird, and this sensitivity was mainly due to functional response parameterization, rather than other life history parameters. Particularly, the restricted seabird was highly sensitive to the relationship between prey availability and adult survival but was not sensitive to the relationship between prey and reproductive success. An adaptive biomass‐limit harvest rule for forage fish resulted in substantially higher seabird abundance compared to constant fishing across all scenarios, with minimal trade‐offs to the fishery (depending on fishery management objectives). However, mechanisms governing the impact of the forage fish fishery on the seabird varied by forage fish type. Therefore, tailoring forage fish management strategies to forage fish life history can lead to mutually acceptable outcomes for fisheries and seabirds. If data or time are limited, an adaptive control rule is likely a safe bet for meeting seabird conservation objectives with limited impacts to fisheries.
Musicogenic reflex seizure with positive antiglutamic decarboxylase antibody: A case report
Authors: Al‐Attas Alawi A. , Al Anazi Riyam F. , Swailem Saleh K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe association of musicogenic epilepsy (ME) with antibodies against glutamic decarboxylase (GAD) supports autoimmune workups for these patients. No appropriate treatment has been established for ME; therefore, immunotherapy should be considered for patients who become drug‐resistant. The connection between neurological manifestations and antibodies against GAD, a rate‐limiting enzyme that helps create the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma‐aminobutyric acid, has been well established. Furthermore, a strong correlation has been found between ME and the temporal lobe. However, its connection with anti‐GAD antibodies is still unclear. This paper reports on a 50‐year‐old right‐handed female who has had ME symptoms for 14 years and been found to be anti‐GAD antibody–positive. Therefore, we will elaborate on the relation between ME and anti‐GAD antibodies.
Hybrid testing of capacity designed RC structural walls for the determination of nonlinear seismic shear amplification
Authors: Fatemi Hassan , Lamarche Charles‐Philippe , Paultre Patrick 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHybrid testing is an effective experimental method to study the dynamic behavior of structural elements under various types of loads. The hybrid testing method enables the seismic responses of large structural elements to be reproduced, such as the responses of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls in a laboratory environment without needing to include the large masses typically encountered in multistory buildings. In this study, a test specimen corresponding to the base plastic hinge zone of an eight‐story RC structural wall was tested in a laboratory environment, whereas the remainder of the wall was modeled numerically to evaluate the seismic shear amplification due to nonlinear higher mode effects. A method is presented for controlling three degrees of freedom of a specimen with high axial stiffness and high lateral stiffness at the beginning of the test and the substantially reduced stiffness after cracking and yielding of the specimen. Because the duration of an uninterrupted test would have been very long, a method was used to stop and restart the test at will so that the whole test could be performed over several days. Seismic shear amplification due to nonlinear higher mode effects in a structural wall with yielding occurring at the base is measured for the first time in a hybrid test . The test results clearly present seismic shear amplification that is larger than building codes recommended values.
Widespread cryptic variation in genetic architecture between the sexes
Authors: van der Bijl Wouter , Mank Judith E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe majority of the genome is shared between the sexes, and it is expected that the genetic architecture of most traits is shared as well. This common architecture has been viewed as a major source of constraint on the evolution of sexual dimorphism (SD). SD is nonetheless common in nature, leading to assumptions that it results from differential regulation of shared genetic architecture. Here, we study the effect of thousands of gene knockout mutations on 202 mouse phenotypes to explore how regulatory variation affects SD. We show that many traits are dimorphic to some extent, and that a surprising proportion of knockouts have sex-specific phenotypic effects. Many traits, regardless whether they are monomorphic or dimorphic, harbor cryptic differences in genetic architecture between the sexes, resulting in sexually discordant phenotypic effects from sexually concordant regulatory changes. This provides an alternative route to dimorphism through sex-specific genetic architecture, rather than differential regulation of shared architecture.
Income gradient of pharmaceutical panic buying at the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Elek Péter , Bíró Anikó , Fadgyas‐Freyler Petra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe analyze the timing, magnitude, and income dependence of pharmaceutical panic buying around the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Hungary. We use district‐level monthly and daily administrative data on detailed categories of pharmaceutical purchases, merge them to income statistics, and estimate multilevel panel models. Our main results are as follows. First, the days of therapy (DOT) of pharmaceutical purchases increased by more than 30% in March 2020, when major lockdown measures were announced. This pattern holds for almost all categories of pharmaceuticals. Second, shortly after the panic reactions, the aggregate amount of pharmaceutical purchases returned to their preshock levels; however, the frequency of pharmacy visits decreased. Third, the panic buying reaction was significantly stronger in richer geographical areas, where—according to the daily data—people also reacted earlier to the pandemic‐related news. Overall, the results suggest that panic buying of pharmaceuticals can have detrimental effects on vulnerable populations.
Households' out‐of‐pocket expenditure for healthcare in Bangladesh: A health financing incidence analysis
Authors: Sarker Abdur Razzaque , Sultana Marufa , Alam Khorshed , Ali Nausad , Sheikh Nurnabi , Akram Raisul , Morton Alec 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite improvements in many health indicators, providing access to affordable healthcare remains a considerable challenge in Bangladesh. Financing incidence analysis will enable an evaluation of how well the healthcare system performs to achieve equity in health financing. The objective of this study is to assess the burden of out‐of‐pocket (OOP) cost on different socio‐economic groups by assessing the health financing incidence because OOP cost dominates household expenditure on health in Bangladesh.MethodsThe study was conducted using latest Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2016. We focused mainly on four specific indicators: level of monthly household OOP cost on in‐patient care, urban‐rural differences in OOP cost, socio‐economic status differences in different payment mechanisms and the Kakwani index. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyse and summarise the selected variables based on the SES and location of residence (e.g., rural and urban).ResultsThe study showed the overall OOP healthcare expenditure was 7.7% of the household monthly income while the poorer income group suffered more and spent up to 35% of their household income on healthcare. The Kakwani index indicated that the poorest quintile spends a greater share of their income on healthcare services than the richest quintile.ConclusionsThis study observed that OOP cost in Bangladesh is regressive, that is, poorer members of society contribute a greater share of their income. Therefore, policymakers should initiate health reforms for developing and implementing risk‐pooling financing mechanisms such as social health insurance to achieve the Universal Health Coverage in Bangladesh.
Bioremediation of textile dye wastewater using microalgae: current trends and future perspectives
Authors: Premaratne Malith , Nishshanka GKSH , Liyanaarachchi VC , Nimarshana PHV , Ariyadasa Thilini U 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWastewater generated from the textile industry contains numerous pollutants, most notably dyes, which can cause adverse effects, including negative impact on aesthetics, eutrophication, decrease of photosynthetic activity and bioaccumulation of toxins in aquatic ecosystems, if discharged without adequate treatment. The cultivation of microalgae in the textile dye effluent has been identified as a promising alternative to conventional methods of wastewater treatment. During microalgae cultivation, dyes present in effluent are remediated through bioconversion/biodegradation or biosorption. Thus, treatment using microalgae reduces the color and nutrient load of textile effluent, which mitigates numerous negative environmental impacts caused by its discharge into the natural environment. Furthermore, compared to conventional treatment processes, use of microalgae for bioremediation of textile effluent provides the added advantage of generating valuable biomass that can be processed into bioproducts, biofuels and bioenergy. Wastewater‐integrated cultivation would enhance the sustainability of microalgal biomass production by reducing the freshwater footprint and recovery of waste nutrients from effluent, thereby promoting the concept of a biobased economy. In this mini‐review, the current status and future perspectives of using microalgae for bioremediation of textile dye wastewater were analyzed, with focus on various strategies reported in the literature. A critical review of the literature showed that most studies focused on wastewater treatment, while exploring applications for concomitantly generated biomass was a secondary consideration. Hence, the requirement of a paradigm shift in current research for valorization of microalgal biomass was highlighted. Moreover, it was concluded that comprehensive feasibility studies are necessary prior to industrial‐scale bioremediation of textile dye effluent. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
First mathematics course in college and graduating in engineering: Dispelling the myth that beginning in higher‐level mathematics courses is always a good thing
Authors: Wilkins Jesse L. M. , Bowen Bradley D. , Mullins Sara Brooke 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundGraduation rates in engineering programs continue to be a concern in higher education. Prior research has documented an association between students' experiences in first‐year mathematics courses and graduation rates, but the influences of the mathematics courses completed and the grades earned are not fully understood.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among the first undergraduate mathematics course a student completes, the grade they earn in this course, and the likelihood of graduating with a degree in engineering within six years.MethodThe study involved 1504 students from five consecutive cohorts of first‐year students enrolled in an engineering degree program at a medium‐sized Midwestern public university. Logistic regression was used to model the interrelationship between course and grade in predicting the relative likelihood of graduation for students enrolled in 16 different mathematics courses.ResultsOverall, students who take Calculus I or a more advanced mathematics course as their first mathematic course and who are more successful in their first mathematics course are more likely to graduate with a degree in engineering. However, considering grade and course together, some groups of students who are more successful in lower‐level mathematics courses are as likely to graduate as students who are less successful in upper‐level mathematics courses.ConclusionsEvidence from this study helps to dispel the myth that beginning with higher‐level mathematics courses is the optimal course‐taking strategy when pursuing an engineering degree. Findings have implications for student advising, curriculum and instruction, high school course‐taking, and broadening participation in engineering.
Extracellular vesicle‐mediated endothelial apoptosis and EV‐associated proteins correlate with COVID‐19 disease severity
Authors: Krishnamachary Balaji , Cook Christine , Kumar Ashok , Spikes Leslie , Chalise Prabhakar , Dhillon Navneet K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has lead to a global pandemic with a rising toll in infections and deaths. Better understanding of its pathogenesis will greatly improve the outcomes and treatment of affected patients. Here we compared the inflammatory and cardiovascular disease‐related protein cargo of circulating large and small extracellular vesicles (EVs) from 84 hospitalized patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 with different stages of disease severity. Our findings reveal significant enrichment of proinflammatory, procoagulation, immunoregulatory and tissue‐remodelling protein signatures in EVs, which remarkably distinguished symptomatic COVID‐19 patients from uninfected controls with matched comorbidities and delineated those with moderate disease from those who were critically ill. Specifically, EN‐RAGE, followed by TF and IL‐18R1, showed the strongest correlation with disease severity and length of hospitalization. Importantly, EVs from COVID‐19 patients induced apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in the order of disease severity. In conclusion, our findings support a role for EVs in the pathogenesis of COVID‐19 disease and underpin the development of EV‐based approaches to predicting disease severity, determining need for patient hospitalization and identifying new therapeutic targets.
Further validation and psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Genetic Counseling Outcome Scale
Authors: Lleuger‐Pujol Roser , Castelló Eduardo Ortega , Franco Lorenzo Fernández , Vallejo Manuel Eliecer Espinel , Cabello Patricia Muñoz , Simarro Fernando Santos , McAllister Marion , García‐Miñaúr Sixto 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEvaluation of clinical genetic services is challenging due to the nature of their interventions. The Genetic Counseling Outcome Scale (GCOS‐24), a patient‐reported outcome measure, was developed to measure empowerment, an important patient‐reported outcome from genetic counseling. Previously, we translated and adapted GCOS‐24 for use in Spain, but neither test–retest reliability nor structural and construct validity were assessed at that time. In the present study, we set out to test the reliability and validity of the Spanish adaptation of the GCOS‐24 against already validated Spanish language measures of satisfaction with life, anxiety, and health locus of control. 880 patients/families who attended the genetics clinic were invited to participate in a online survey. 201 participants (23%) completed the four questionnaires at the first timepoint, and 59 of these (29%) completed GCOS‐24 again the second timepoint, 2–4 weeks later. Test–retest reliability was confirmed, with no significant differences between responses to GCOS‐24 at the first and second timepoints and good internal consistency. Convergent validity was confirmed between GCOS‐24 and measures of satisfaction with life and anxiety but not with measures of health locus of control. For the structural and construct validation, an exploratory factor analysis was performed. The resulting factorial structure of GCOS‐24 consists of 6 factors that accumulate 68% of the variance shared by the 21 items that remained in the model. We applied the factor structure of the three validated measures to the available data and analyzed the correlation between factors of GCOS‐24 and the other scales. The results showed significant and consistent correlation with factors of the satisfaction with life and anxiety scales but no significant correlation with internal health locus of control. The use of the Spanish adaptation of GCOS‐24 in other genetic clinics in Spain will help to validate it further. This study contributes to the international validation of GCOS‐24 to evaluate the quality of genetic counseling in Europe.
Value of whole‐genome sequencing to Australian cancer patients and their first‐degree relatives participating in a genomic sequencing study
Authors: Butow Phyllis , Davies Grace , Napier Christine E. , Bartley Nicci , Ballinger Mandy L. , Biesecker Barbara , Juraskova Ilona , Meiser Bettina , Schlub Timothy , Thomas David M. , Goldstein David , Best Megan C. ,   Members of the PiGeOn Project
Published: July 2021

AbstractGenomic Sequencing (GS) to identify high cancer risk will soon enter clinical practice at significant cost to the health system. This study aimed to quantify perceived value of GS to Australian cancer patients and their first‐degree relatives participating in a genomic sequencing study, and factors associated with value. Participants were recruited upon consent to the genomics study. Eligible participants (with cancer of likely genetic etiology, or a first‐degree relative) completed a questionnaire prior to GS. Willingness to pay was assessed via hypothetical trade‐off scenarios of actionable result return rates of 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50%. Of 348 probands and 213 relatives (92% and 93% response rate), 81% would consistently have GS for as little as a 1% actionable return rate. Participants would pay a median of $1,000 for return rates of at least 20% (probands) or 30% (relatives), and $300 for lower return rates. Probands with common cancers and negative attitudes to uncertainty were more likely to have GS; those with higher education were more willing to pay $1,000 and $3,000 for lower return rates. This study found high interest in, but lower willingness to pay for GS in cancer patients and their first‐degree relatives, possibly due to inability to pay. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of how individuals in different risk circumstances, trade‐off the risks, harms, and benefits of GS.