bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hexokinases 2 Promoted Cell Motility and Distant Metastasis by Elevating Fibronectin Through Akt1/p-Akt1 in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Chen Qian , Li Lu , Liu Xian , Feng Qian , Zhang Yanru , Zheng Pengsheng , Cui Nan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Hexokinases 2 (HK2) is a member of the hexokinases, linking with malignant tumor growth and distant metastasis. However, evidence regarding the potential role of HK2 in regulating cell motility and tumor metastasis during the cervical cancer malignant progression remains limited.Methods: In vitro migration and invasion assay, in vivo metastasis experiments were performed to detected the effective of HK2 on regulating cell motility and tumor metastasis in cervical cancer cells. RNA-Seq was performed to explore the potential molecules that participate in HK2-mediated cell motility and tumor metastasis in cervical cancer cells. The correlation between HK2 and Akt1, p-Akt1, FN1 expression in cervical cancer cells and human squamous cervical carcinoma (SCC) samples was verified in this study.Results: In this study, cervical cancer cells with exogenous HK2 expression exhibited enhanced cell motility and distant metastasis. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that fibronectin (FN1) was significantly increased in HK2-overexpressing HeLa cells, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was identiﬁed by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Further studies demonstrated that this promotion of cell motility by HK2 was probably a result of it inducing FN1, MMP2 and MMP9 expression by activating Akt1 in cervical cancer cells. Additionally, HK2 expression was altered with the changing of Akt1/p-Akt1 expression, implying that HK2 expression is also modulated by Akt1/p-Akt1. Moreover, the positive correlation between HK2 and Akt1, p-Akt1, FN1 expression in human squamous cervical carcinoma (SCC) samples was verified by using Pearson correlation analysis.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that HK2 could activate Akt1 in cervical cancer cells, subsequently enhancing cell motility and tumor metastasis by inducing FN1, MMP2 and MMP9 expression. There likely exists an interactive regulatory mechanism between HK2 and Akt1 during the malignant process of cervical cancer.
A Novel Ferroptosis-Related Lncrnas Signature for Prognosis Prediction in Patients with Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jin Meiling , Li Diangeng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPapillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is a common renal cell carcinoma. Recent studies have reported that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of tumors. Long non-coding RNAs could be used as independent biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of a variety of tumors, and many lncRNAs are related to the pathogenesis of PRCC. However, there are few studies on the ferroptosis-related lncRNAs of PRCC. This study aimed to establish ferroptosis-related lncRNAs prognostic signature in patients with PRCC.MethodsGene expression profile and clinical information of patients with PRCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Lasso-Penalzed Cox regression and univariate Cox regression analysis were utilized for model construction. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to validate the predictive effect of the prognostic signature. Immune cell infiltration and immune function were compared between the high-risk and low-risk groups. Chemotherapy sensitivity analysis was also performed. ResultsWe constructed a prognostic signature consisted of 15 ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. The Kaplan-Meier curves validated the fine predictive accuracy of the prognostic signature (p < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the lncRNAs signature was 0.930, exhibiting robust prognostic capacity. The high-risk group had a greater degree of immune cell infiltration, such as B cells, T cell CD8, macrophages, NK cell, etc., compared with the low-risk group. There were significant differences in inflammation-promoting, parainflammation and Type I IFN reponse between the low-risk and high-risk groups. The expressions of immune checkpoints including CD80, IDO1, LAG3, etc. were significantly higher in high-risk group. Chemotherapy sensitivity analysis showed that MNX1-AS1, ZFAS1, MIR4435-2HG and ADAMTS9-AS1 were significantly correlated with the sensitivity of some chemotherapy drugs. ConclusionWe demonstrated that a ferroptosis-related lncRNAs prognostic signature could be a novel biomarker for PRCC. Our findings could provide a new insight for immune research and treatment strategies for patients with PRCC.
Does a Hospital Palliative Care Team Have the Potential to Reduce the Cost of a Terminal Hospitalization? A Retrospective Case-control Study in a Czech Tertiary University Hospital
Authors: Kremenova Zuzana , Svancara Jan , Kralova Petra , Moravec Martin , Hanouskova Katerina , Knizek-Bonatto Mayara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: More than 50% of patients worldwide die in hospitals. It is well known that end-of-life hospital care is costly.Our aims were to test whether the support of the palliative team can reduce end-of-life costs and to study the mechanisms of cost reduction.Methods: This was a one-centre descriptive retrospective case-control study. Big data from registries of routine visits were used for case-control matching. We included the expenses billed to the insurance company and added separately charged drugs and materials. We compared the groups over the duration of the terminal hospitalization, ICU days (ICU=intensive care unit), IV antibiotic use (IV=intravenous), MRI/CT scans (MRI/CR=magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography), oncologic treatment in the last month of life, and documentation of the dying phase.We searched for all in-hospital cases who died in the university hospital in Prague with the support of the hospital palliative team from January 2019 to April 2020 and matched them with similar controls. The controls were matched according to age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index and diagnosis recorded on the death certificate.Results: We identified 213 dyads. The average daily costs were three times lower in the palliative group (4,392.4 CZK per day=171.3 EUR) than in the non-palliative group (13,992.8 CZK per day=545.8 EUR), and the difference was caused by the shorter time spent in the ICU (16% vs 33% of hospital days). This was probably due to better documentation of the dying phase in the medical records.Conclusions: To date, there are sparse hospital data available on the economic aspects of end-of-life care. We showed that the integration of the palliative care team in the dying phase can be cost saving. The evidence that hospital palliative care can save a substantial amount of money can be used to support the integration of palliative care in hospitals in middle- and low-income countries. A multicentre study with the same design is planned in the future to increase the strength of the results.
Clinical efficacy of OASIS Preloaded Punctal Plug in Comparison to Smart Plug Punctal Plug in Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Luo Fei , Tian Lei , Deng Shijing , Hao Jie , jie ying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAt present, there are few clinical studies comparing OASIS preloaded punctal plug and Smart Plug punctal plug for dry eye. This study intends to evaluate the effect of OASIS preloaded punctal plug versus Smart Plug punctal plug in the treatment of aqueous-deficient Dry Eye. Methods47 patients with aqueous-deficient dry eye were selected and randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The control group was treated with Smart Plug punctal plug treatment, and the experimental group was treated with OASIS preloaded punctal plug treatment. The OSDI questionnaire score, Schirmer I test and BUT results before and after treatment, and the incidences of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Follow up for six months. ResultsThe results of this study showed that compared with before treatment, the OSDI scores of patients were significantly improved at 6 months after treatment in both the experimental group and control group. After treatment, there was no significant difference in OSDI score, Schirmer I test, and BUT level between the two groups. Besides, the Smart Plug punctal plug treatment group had a significant improvement in BUT at 3 months after operation compared with before treatment. Conclusion﻿The OASIS preloaded punctal plug is comparable to the Smart Plug punctal plug in treating aqueous-deficient dry eye, and both can significantly improve dry eye symptoms. Furthermore, the OASIS preloaded punctal plug can facilitate intraoperative procedures, lacrimal punctum expansion and plug implantation can be completed in one step, and the loss of embolization before implantation and the abnormal implantation due to the expansion of the embolic volume can be reduced, which is worthy of clinical application.Clinical registration number: researchregistry6629; Registered 4 March 2021 - Retrospectively registered
The Effect of SNPs in IncRNA as CeRNA on The Risk and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mo Han , Wang Xi , Ji Guohua , Liang Xiao , Yang Yi , Sun Wenjing , Jia Xueyuan , Xu Lidan , Qiao Yuandong , Zhou Henan , Zhao Wenhui , Fu Songbin , Zhang Xuelong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Most the HCC susceptible loci identified by GWAS are located in non-coding regions, and the mechanism of action remains unclear. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship among SNPs on lncRNA that affects ceRNA mechanism and the risk and prognosis of HCC.
Methods

In this study, combined with multiple databases, eight lncRNA genes that affect HCC were systematically screened through the mechanism of lncRNA-mediated ceRNA, and 15 SNPs that affect miRNA binding in the eight lncRNA genes were annotated. Genotyping was conducted in 800 HCC cases and 801 healthy controls from a Han population in Northeast China to examine the genetic risk associated with HCC.
Results

The GG, GC and GG + GC genotypes of HOTAIR rs7958904 were found to be associated with a 0.65, 0.59 and 0.63-fold decreased HCC risk, respectively. Moreover, in the stratified analysis of clinical characteristics, HCC patients with PVT1 rs3931282 AA + GA genotypes were less prone to develop late-stage tumors. When stratified by clinical biochemical indexes, rs1134492 and rs10589312 in PVT1 and rs84557 in EGFR-AS1 showed significant associations with AST, ALT or AST/ALT ratio. In addition, the potential ceRNA regulatory axes might be affected by the five positive SNPs were constructed to explain the causes of these genetic associations.
Conclusions

This first study demonstrated the association of SNPs on lncRNA -mediated ceRNAs with HCC. The results provide new insights of how non-coding loci confer the interindividual differences to susceptibility and progression of HCC.
Efficient Use of Nitrogen, Gibberellic Acid and Potassium on Canola Production under Sub-tropical Regions
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Mahran , Siddiqui Mohammad Aquil 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The global demand for crop production is rapidly growing due to the continued rise in world population. Crop productivity varies generally with soil nutrient profile and climate. The optimal use of fertilizers might help to attain higher crop yield in canola. To circumvent nutrient imbalance issues in soil, two separate field trials were conducted to determine the best source of nitrogen (ammonium sulfate/ammonium nitrate), foliar application of gibberellic acid (GA3) and potassium (K) for the canola yield and yield attributes for four consecutive years (2014 to 2018). Both experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The nitrogen source in the form of ammonium sulfate (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg/ha) and ammonium nitrate (0, 50, 75 and 100 kg/ha) was applied in the rhizosphere. In another experiment, the canola crop was sprayed with four level of gibberellic acid (GA3; 0, 10, 15, 30g/ha) and potassium (K; 0, 2.5, 3.5, 6g/ha) separately or in combination by using hydraulic spryer. The analysis showed that fertilization with nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate (100 kg/ha) and ammonium sulfate (30 kg/ha) had a positive effect on the plant height, number of branches, fruiting zone, seed yield per plant, seed yield per hectare of canola except oil percentage. Moreover, canola plants displayed a significant improvement on all studied features with high dosses of GA3 (30 g/ha) and K (6 g/ha) individualy and in combined form. In a nutshell, compared to both source of nitrogen, ammonium nitrate was more efficient and readily available source of nitrogen. Gibbrellic acid being a natural growth elicitor and potassium as a micronutrient serve as potential source to improve yield and to mange nutrient profile of canola.
Three-dimensional CBCT Based Evaluation of the Maxillary Sinus by Facial Index: Retrospective Study
Authors: Lee Jeong-Hyun , Han Won-Jeong , Park Jong-Tae 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The maxillary sinus growth is initiated 3 months after birth, and it grows lateral and inferior until the pneumatization of the alveolar bone occurs. Maxillary sinus size is determined around the age of 18 years. The facial skeleton has recently been determined as affecting the maxillary sinus, prompting additional studies on changes in the size of the maxillary sinus. This study aimed to determine the size of the maxillary sinus using a 3D program after categorizing South Korean adults according to their FI classification. Upon categorizing the subjects based on their FI classification, they were grouped into the mesoprosopic, leptoprosopic, and hyperleptoprosopic types, with no subjects fitting the euryprosopic type. In this study, the maxillary sinus size varied based on the shape of the face when classified by FI. The maxillary sinus tended to be wider in those with mesoprosopic type, and tended to be higher in the hyperleptoprosopic type, suggesting a need for clinicians to focus to the shape of the face during clinical treatments.
Catastrophic Health Expenditures and Its Inequality in Rural Poor Households in China
Authors: Wang Yihuan , Zhang Chu , Guo Mengdi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is an important indicator to measure health equity. Reducing risk of CHE and breaking vicious cycle between poverty and poor health are original intentions of medical security system design in various countries. This paper fulfills a research gap on CHE and its inequality in Chinese rural poor households.Methods: Based on 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Data (CHARLS), Logit and Tobit regression models were used to analyze CHE incidence and intensity among rural poor households, and its socioeconomic inequality.Results: The results showed that CHE incidence of rural poor households was 28.20%, and the average intensity was 0.076. For rural poor households, CHE incidence and intensity were higher than those in non-poor households at each given threshold from 20% to 60%. Socioeconomic factors including household size, chronic disease status, disability status, health service utilization, whether to have older adults ≥ 65 significantly associated with household CHE. Conclusions: Although China's social health insurance has almost achieved universal coverage, CHE incidence of rural poor households still remains high. A more refined health insurance policy with expanding current benefits packages, increasing reimbursement level is essential for protecting rural poor households from incurring CHE. Policy makers should also establish a new medical assistance system based on healthcare expenditure, which can effectively relieve medical economy burden of rural impoverished households.
Remote-Controllable Bone-Targeted Delivery of Estradiol For the Treatment of Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats
Authors: Fu Dehao , Guo Yuanyuan , Liu Yongwei , Shi Chen , Wu Tingting , Cui Yongzhi , Wang Siyuan , Liu Ping , Feng Xiaobo , He Yu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOsteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease marked by bone mass reduction and bone tissue destruction. Hormone replacement therapy is an effective treatment for post-menopausal OP, but estrogen has poor tissue selectivity and severe side effects.ResultsIn this study, we constructed a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs)-based drug delivery system to co-load 17β estradiol (E2) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) together, modified with alendronate (AL) to achieve bone targeting and realize a magnetically remote-controllable drug release. The NPs were fabricated through the emulsion solvent diffusion method. The particle size was approximately 200 nm while the encapsulation efficiency of E2 was 58.34 ± 9.21%. The NPs were found to be spherical with a homogenous distribution of particle size. The NPs showed good stability, good biocompatibility, high encapsulation ability of E2 and excellent magnetic properties. The NPs could be effectively taken up by Raw 264.7 cells and were effective in enriching drugs in bone tissue. The co-loaded NPs exposed to an external magnetic field ameliorated OVX-induced bone loss through increased BV/TV, decreased Tb.N and Tb.Sp, improved bone strength, increased PINP and OC, and downregulated CTX and TRAP-5b. The haematological index and histopathological analyses displayed the NPs had less side effects on non-skeletal tissues.ConclusionsThis study presented a remote-controlled release system based on bone-targeted multifunctional NPs and a new potential approach to bone-targeted therapy of OP.
Safety and Effectiveness Outcomes of a Novel Sterile Titanium Clip Device-based Heart Valve Surgery in a Preclinical Disease Model
Authors: Li Bin , Yue Guangxin , Zhu Jinyan , Zhang Min , Yang Baiqing , Luo Jiafei , Sun Yang , Zhang Leisheng , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a major subtype of life-threatening myocardial disease with high mortality, and in particular, among inpatients with degenerative valve diseases. There is an urgent need for the evaluation of the operability, effectiveness and safety of the novel sterile titanium clip device-based valve surgery with minimal level of invasion for VHD administration via preclinical studies. Methods: 18 small fat-tail sheep were prepared with extracorporeal circulation and performed upon thoracotomy and mitral valve shaping ring implantation. A total of 12 needles were conducted for mitral annulus suture, including 6 needles by utilizing the novel sterile titanium clip device (denoted as the experimental group) and another 6 needles by manual knotting (denoted as the control group), and the self-comparison was made at the indicated timepoints after surgery (30-day, 60-day, 90-day, 180-day). Along with recording the knotting time, echocardiography and blood tests were performed, with samples collected at the aforementioned timepoints. Pathological examination of the heart and vital organs was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the implanted device. Results: Of the 18 sheep, 16 survived the operation for past-operation experimental data collection, including 3 at day 30, 3 at day 60, 4 at day 90, and 6 at day 180, respectively. Compared to the control group, the operation time was significantly reduced with clip implantation (P<0.01). The mitral valve forming ring was fixed firmly without disengagement or displacement, endothelializations were successful, with no peri-valvular leakage or marked thrombosis observed. The rate of thrombosis caused by thread ends in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at day 90, whereas no significant difference at day 180. Notably, with exception of two cases with visceral complications such as diffuse renal infarction caused by thromboembolism and small focal renal infarction, no significant differences in inflammatory response and other tissue responses or embolisms were observed in other organs. Conclusions: The novel aseptic clip device is much simpler and more convenient for significantly shortening the knot tying time during the flap annular implantation process, which demonstrated overall effectiveness and safety compare to manual knot tying.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Fear Of COVID-19 Among Pregnant Women During the Rapid Rise Period of the Coronavirus Pandemic in a Middle Eastern Country: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Barakat Zainab , Fares Youssef , Abou-Abbas Linda 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging public health issue. Pregnant women are susceptible to its negative psychological impact. Particularly, pre-natal psychological health is critical as it can affect the well-being of the mothers and their fetuses. The present study aimed to assess the Covid-19 psychological impact on pregnant women, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and fear related to COVID-19 as well as to investigate their associated factors.
Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women in Lebanon between 17th November 2020 and 27th February 2021. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data about participants’ baseline characteristics and psychological status, including PTSD, depression as well as fear related to COVID-19.
Results

Out of the 466 respondents, 28.5% (n = 133) had PTSD related to Covid-19, and 22.1% (n = 133) had depression. The mean score for the fear of Covid-19 was 18.51 ± 5.55. Pregnant women’s depression and fear of Covid-19 were significantly associated with PTSD (adjusted OR = 5.85 with 95% CI of 3.37 to10.16; adjusted OR = 1.19 with 95% CI of 1.13 to 1.26, respectively). Furthermore, smoking during pregnancy and encountering difficulties in accessing healthcare during the pandemic were found to be associated with depression, while practicing home quarantine was found to be associated with the fear of Covid-19. Pregnant women who perceived high risks towards Covid-19 and those who experienced PTSD had high levels of both depression and the fear of Covid-19 compared to their counterparts.
Conclusion

High levels of PTSD, depression, and fear of Covid-19 were detected among Lebanese pregnant women. This recommends further psychological interventions to mitigate these levels.