bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation for Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement
Authors: Charles Yann P. , Cazzato Roberto L. , Nachabe Rami , Chatterjea Anindita , Steib Jean-Paul , Gangi Afshin 
Published: February 2021

Study Design:
This was a retrospective observational study.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement using augmented reality surgical navigation during minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Summary of Background Data:
Augmented reality-based navigation is a new type of computer-assisted navigation where video cameras are used instead of infrared cameras to track the operated patients and surgical instruments. This technology has not so far been clinically evaluated for percutaneous pedicle screw placement.

Materials and Methods:
The study assessed percutaneous pedicle screw placement in 20 consecutive patients who underwent single-level minimally invasive TLIF using augmented reality surgical navigation. Facet joint violation and depression by the inserted pedicle screws were evaluated. Secondary outcome such as radiation dose exposure, fluoroscopy time, and operative time were collected for 3 phases of surgery: preparation phase, pedicle screw placement, and decompression with cage placement.

Results:
A clinical accuracy for screw placement within the pedicle (Gertzbein 0 or 1) of 94% was achieved. One screw violated the facet joint with a transarticular pathway. The screw head did not depress the facet in 54%. The use of fluoroscopy during navigation correlated with patient body-mass index (r=0.68, P<0.0001). The pedicle screw placement time corresponded to 36±5% of the total operative time of 117±11 minutes. A statistically significant decrease of 10 minutes in operative time was observed between the first and last 10 procedures which corresponded to the pedicle screw placement time decrease (48±9 vs. 38±7 min, P=0.0142). The learning curve model suggests an ultimate operative time decrease to 97 minutes.

Conclusion:
Augmented reality surgical navigation can be clinically used to place percutaneous screws during minimally invasive TLIF. However, the lack of tracking of the location of the device requires intraoperative fluoroscopy to monitor screw insertion depth especially in obese patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
The Influence of Comorbidity on Postoperative Outcomes Following Lumbar Decompression
Authors: Nolte Michael T. , Parrish James M. , Jenkins Nathaniel W. , Cha Elliot D.K. , Lynch Conor P. , Mohan Shruthi , Geoghegan Cara E. , Jadczak Caroline N. , Hrynewycz Nadia M. , Singh Kern 
Published: February 2021

Study Design:
Retrospective.

Objective:
Evaluate the association between comorbidity burden and reaching minimum clinically important difference (MCID) following lumbar decompression (LD).

Summary of Background Data:
There is limited research on the influence of preoperative comorbidity burden on patient-reported outcome improvement following LD.

Methods:
A prospectively maintained surgical registry was retrospectively reviewed for eligible spine surgeries between 2015 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were primary, single, or multilevel LD. Patients were excluded for missing preoperative patient-reported outcome surveys. Stratification was based on Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score: 0 points (no comorbidities), 1–2 points (low CCI), ≥3 points (high CCI). Demographics and perioperative characteristics were evaluated for differences. Linear regression assessed postoperative improvement for visual analogue scale (VAS) back, VAS leg, Oswestry disability index (ODI), Short Form-12 Physical Composite Score (SF-12 PCS), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System physical function (PROMIS-PF) scores through 1 year. Achievement rate of MCID was compared between groups and evaluated for significant predictors.

Results:
Three hundred fourteen patients were included (123 no comorbidities, 100 low CCI, 91 high CCI). Higher CCI patients were older, more likely to smoke, and have comorbid diseases (all P<0.001). Perioperative differences included increased operative time, levels decompressed, length of stay, and discharge day in the CCI≥3 group. No differences in the rate of achieving MCID for VAS back, VAS leg, and ODI. CCI≥3 subgroup had a lower rate of reaching MCID at 6 months for SF-12 PCS, at 6 weeks for PROMIS-PF, and the overall rate for both SF-12 PCS and PROMIS-PF (all P<0.05). Multilevel procedures was a predictor for MCID achievement for ODI.

Conclusions:
Patients with increased comorbidities undergoing LD had an equivalent MCID achievement rate for pain and disability metrics through 1 year. High CCI patients did, however, have a lower rate of achieving MCID for their physical function surveys which suggests that comorbidity burden influences improvement in physical function following LD.
The Relationship Between Cervical Sagittal Balance and Adjacent Segment Disease After Three-level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Teo Shao Jin , Goh Graham S. , Yeo William , Chen John Li-Tat , Soh Reuben C.C. 
Published: February 2021

Study Design:
Retrospective review of prospectively collected data.

Objective:
To determine the relationship between cervical sagittal balance and adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) development after 3-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Summary of Background Data:
ASD is a common complication after ACDF. Previous studies have shown that sagittal imbalance may be associated with ASD development after 1-level or 2-level ACDF. However, these findings may not be generalizable to 3-level procedures.

Materials and Methods:
We reviewed prospectively collected data of 46 patients who underwent 3-level ACDF at a tertiary institution. Lateral cervical radiographs taken preoperatively, postoperatively, and at last follow-up were reviewed for ASD. The mean follow-up duration was 5 years. Radiographic parameters measured were cervical sagittal alignment (CSA), segmental sagittal alignment, T1 slope (T1S), sagittal vertical axis, and T1S−cervical lordosis.

Results:
ASD was present in 27 (58.7%) patients, but only 1 patient (2.2%) underwent reoperation at 4.8 years. The CSA, sagittal vertical axis, and T1S were similar preoperatively, but the T1S−cervical lordosis was higher in the ASD group (18.28 vs. 9.82, P=0.016). All 4 parameters were similar postoperatively and at last follow-up. The ASD group had a greater change in CSA over the follow-up period (−6.26 vs. −1.47, P=0.05), but they achieved similar sagittal alignment at last follow-up. There was no difference in clinical outcomes between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
Unlike studies on 1-level and 2-level ACDF, this study found that cervical spinal alignment was not associated with ASD development after 3-level ACDF. ASD development also had no impact on clinical outcomes at 2 years.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—nonrandomized cohort study.
Secondary Analysis of Existing Data Sets for Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics
Authors: Langkamp Diane L. , Barnes Andrew J. , Zuckerman Katharine E. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT:
Secondary analysis of existing large, national data sets is a powerful method to address many of the complex, key research questions in developmental behavioral pediatrics (DBP). Major advantages include decreasing the time needed to complete a study and reducing expenses associated with research by eliminating the need to collect primary data. It can also increase the generalizability of research and, with some data sets, provide national estimates that may form the basis for developing policy. However, few resources are available to direct researchers who seek to develop expertise in this area. This study aims to guide investigators with limited experience in this area who wish to improve their skills in performing secondary analysis of existing large data sets. This study provides direction on the steps to perform secondary analysis of existing data sets. It describes where and how data sets can be identified to answer questions of interest to DBP. Finally, it offers an overview of a number of data sets relevant to DBP.
Postoperative Pain After Mohs Surgery: Physician Perceptions and How Those Perceptions Influence Opioid Prescribing Practices
Authors: Eikenberg Joshua D. , Taylor Savannah , Lockhart Ellen Rachel , Prickett Kyle , Phillips Mariana A. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND
Little is known about dermatologists' perceptions of postoperative pain and how those perceptions correlate with patient-reported pain and opioid prescribing.

OBJECTIVE
To determine dermatologists' accuracy in predicting postoperative pain compared with patient-reported pain and how physicians' perceptions affect opioid prescribing practices.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
A prospective observational study in which patients undergoing Mohs surgery rated pain on the Numerical Rating Scale (0–10). Using the same scale, the physician predicted how much pain the patient would experience postoperatively on the evening of surgery. All analgesic medications taken in postoperative period were recorded.

RESULTS
A total of 316 patients completed the study (70% completion rate). Physician predictions were correlated with patient-reported pain (p < .001; r = 0.29) and were within 2 points of patient-reported pain in 70% of cases. When physicians overestimated patient-reported by ≥3 points, they were not more likely to prescribe opioids (p = .8094). Physicians predicted higher pain for patients who were prescribed opioids (p = .0002).

CONCLUSION
Dermatologists were fairly accurate at predicting postoperative pain. Dermatologists were not more likely to prescribe opioids when pain was overpredicted.
Reconstruction of Perioral Defects After Mohs Micrographic Surgery or Excision: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Shahwan Kathryn T. , Mori Westley S. , Bakker Caitlin , Mattox Adam R. , Alam Murad , Maher Ian A. 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND
Although many repair methods for postsurgical lip defects have been described, the literature lacks a comprehensive review of these methods.

OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review of lip defect repair methods after Mohs surgery or excisions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Terms related to perioral anatomy, Mohs surgery and excision, and reconstruction were used to search 8 databases. Articles were included if they reported postsurgical lip repair data for 4 or more patients, were in English, and were published from 2004 onward. Two reviewers screened all titles and abstracts, followed by the full texts of the remaining articles. Data were then extracted including author specialties, study design, demographic, tumor, and defect information, surgical procedures, outcomes, and complications.

RESULTS
Forty-two studies were eligible, including a randomized trial, 25 case series, and 16 cohort studies. Most were written by dermatologic or plastic surgeons, and most studies were small, with an average subject number of 61. Very few studies used structured outcome measures. Many repair methods were described, the most common of which were linear closures and various flaps.

CONCLUSION
Many repair methods for lip defects have been published, but overall, the quality of the available evidence is low.
Low-blood pressure phenotype underpins the tendency to reflex syncope
Authors: Brignole Michele , Rivasi Giulia , Sutton Richard , Kenny Rose Anne , Morillo Carlos A. , Sheldon Robert , Raj Satish R. , Ungar Andrea , Furlan Raffaello , van Dijk Gert , Hamdan Mohamed , Hamrefors Viktor , Engström Gunnar , Park Chloe , Soranna Davide , Zambon Antonella , Parati Gianfranco , Fedorowski Artur 
Published: February 2021

Background:
We hypothesized that cardiovascular physiology differs in reflex syncope patients compared with the general population, predisposing such individuals to vasovagal reflex.

Methods:
In this multicohort cross-sectional study, we compared aggregate data of resting SBP, DBP, pulse pressure (PP) and heart rate (HR), collected from six community-based cohort studies (64 968 observations) with those from six databases of reflex syncope patients (6516 observations), subdivided by age decades and sex.

Results:
Overall, in male individuals with reflex syncope, SBP (−3.4 mmHg) and PP (−9.2 mmHg) were lower and DBP (+2.8 mmHg) and HR (+5.1 bpm) were higher than in the general population; the difference in SBP was higher at ages above 60 years. In female individuals, PP (−6.0 mmHg) was lower and DBP (+4.7 mmHg) and HR (+4.5 bpm) were higher than in the general population; differences in SBP were less pronounced, becoming evident only above 60 years. Compared with male individuals, SBP in female individuals exhibited slower increase until age 40 years, and then demonstrated steeper increase that continued throughout remaining life.

Conclusion:
The patients prone to reflex syncope demonstrate a different resting cardiovascular haemodynamic profile as compared with a general population, characterized by lower SBP and PP, reflecting reduced venous return and lower stroke volume, and a higher HR and DBP, suggesting the activation of compensatory mechanisms. Our data contribute to a better understanding why some individuals with similar demographic characteristics develop reflex syncope and others do not.

Video abstract:

http://links.lww.com/HJH/B580.
Job Demands and Job Control and Future Labor Market Situation
Authors: Farrants Kristin , Norberg Jan , Framke Elisabeth , Rugulies Reiner , Alexanderson Kristina 
Published: February 2021

Objectives:
Investigate prospective associations between combinations of job demands/job control and future labor market situation.

Methods:
A population-based prospective cohort study of 2,194,694 individuals in paid work. Using multinomial logistic regression, we calculated the association between combinations of job demands/control in 2001, according to a job exposure matrix, and their long-term unemployment, sickness absence/disability pension, early old-age pension, emigration, and death in 2012.

Results:
Low demands/low control at baseline was associated with long-term sickness absence/disability pension at follow-up among both women and men (odds ratios [ORs] 1.49; 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.46–1.53). High demands/low control at baseline was associated with a higher likelihood of old-age pension among women (OR 1.91; CI 1.82–2.00), and with a lower likelihood among men (OR 0.59; CI 0.53–0.66).

Conclusions:
Combinations of job demands/job control in 2001 were associated with labor market situation in 2012.
Clinical therapeutic effects of topical agents in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus-related oral mucosa ulcers
Authors: Ding Xiuming , Xu Feihu , Zhang Xiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
The number of adult patients affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) still remains high, mainly in the developing countries. However, only a few affected patients fail to experience oral lesions in the course of their experience with the virus. In particular, oral mucosa ulcers detected among HIV patients may be severe, which depictions may inhibit oral functioning and change patients’ quality of life. Thus, it can result in considerable morbidity among this group of patients. To this end, the present study aims to examine the topical agent's clinical therapeutic efficacy among adult patients suffering from HIV-related oral mucosa ulcers.

Methods
For the investigation, only randomized controlled trials on any topical agent used to treat adult patients with HIV oral mucosa ulcers are to be explored from different databases: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, China Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and WanFang databases. All databases will be searched from their inceptions to October 2020. Additionally, 2 independent authors will evaluate the possibly eligible studies to be included in the study. They will also perform data's trial extraction and risk of bias assessment. Accordingly, all data will be analysed by means of the RevMan 5.3 software.

Results
The present study seeks to evaluate the topical agents’ clinical therapeutic efficacy to treat adult patients with HIV-related oral mucosa ulcers.

Conclusion
The study can be applicable in providing evidence of any topical agents for treating adult patients with HIV-related oral mucosa ulcers for clinical practice.

Protocol registration number
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/5CYR2 (https://osf.io/5cyr2/).
Integrated cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain
Authors: Taguchi Kayoko , Numata Noriko , Takanashi Rieko , Takemura Ryo , Yoshida Tokiko , Kutsuzawa Kana , Yoshimura Kensuke , Shimizu Eiji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to examine the feasibility of our newly-developed, integrated, and high-intensity individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocol for treatment-resistant chronic pain.

Methods:
We conducted an open-labeled prospective single-arm trial for patients aged 18 years and above, suffering from chronic pain, and diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder with predominant pain. We provided 16 weekly sessions of CBT, each lasting for 50 minutes, which included 4 new strategies: attention shift, memory work, mental practice, and video feedback. For comparison, the study had a pre-test post-test design. The primary outcome was the change from baseline (week 1) to 16, as indicated by the Numerical Rating Scale and Pain Catastrophizing Scale. In addition, we evaluated depression, anxiety, disability, and quality of life as secondary outcomes.

Results:
Sixteen patients with chronic pain underwent our CBT program. Though there was no reduction in pain intensity, catastrophic cognition showed statistically significant improvement with a large effect size. Depression, anxiety, and disability demonstrated statistically significant improvements, with small to moderate effect sizes. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusion:
Our newly integrated CBT program for chronic pain may improve catastrophic cognition, depression, anxiety, and disability. Large-scale randomized controlled studies are necessary to investigate the program's effectiveness in the future.
The diagnostic performance of gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in detecting hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jiming , Ye Xiaofei , Li Jiangfa , He Songqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the diagnostic performance of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethyltriethylenetriacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Two researchers searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from the inception of each database to 10 February 2020, to find comparative studies of Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRI and CEUS in detection of HCC.
The study included eight studies (374 patients). MRI is superior to CEUS in diagnostic sensitivity of HCC, P = .03. The diagnostic sensitivity of MRI in lesions with a diameter of less than 30 mm was significantly higher than that of CEUS, P = .04. MRI and CEUS had no significant difference in diagnostic specificity of HCC, P = .95. Summary Receiver Operating Characteristics (SROC) of MRI showed a larger than that of CEUS, but with P > .05.
Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRI showed higher sensitivity than CEUS for hepatocellular carcinoma lesions, especially for lesions of less than 30 mm across.
Insights from the comparisons of SARS-CoV and COVID-19 outbreaks
Authors: Liu Wen-Yi , Chuang Yen-Ching , Liu Ting-Jun , Chien Ching-Wen , Tung Tao-Hsin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of infectious diseases caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). At the beginning of 2020, a sudden outbreak of novel pneumonia, originated from Wuhan, China, swiftly evolves to a worldwide pandemic, alike the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003. However, Chinese-style innovation in response to the outbreak of COVID-19 helped China to reach a faster and more effective success in the containment of this epidemic. This review summarizes insights from the comparisons of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and COVID-19 outbreaks on the basis of preventive strategies in China for this coronavirus pandemic.
Primary synchronous colloid adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the same lung
Authors: Liu Yang , Kang Lin , Hao Han , Zhang Xiuzhi , Zheng Guona , Guo Xiaowan , Zhao Huanfen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Double primary lung cancer (DPLC) is a relatively rare type of lung cancers. According to whether the diagnosis interval between lesions is more than 6 months, it can be divided into synchronous DPLC (sDPLC) and metachronous DPLC (mDPLC). Here, we describe a case of sDPLC in which one of the components is a rare colloid adenocarcinoma (CA).

Patient concerns:
A 69-year-old male was admitted to the hospital due to chest distress and shortness of breath for 1 year, getting worse in the last 15 days.

Diagnosis:
Both HE staining and IHC supported the diagnosis of CA in the right lower lobe and moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the right upper lobe.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with pemetrexed and lobaplatin after the right upper lobectomy, wedge resection of the right lower lobe and lymph node dissection under video-assisted thoracoscope.

Outcomes:
Our plan was to follow him up with general physical examination, chest-abdomen CT and serum tumor markers every 6 months for 2 years. The patient was still alive until the last follow-up in November 2020.

Lessons:
CA of the lung is a rare primary lung adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis should be based on the patient's clinical characteristics, imaging examination and pathological characteristics, and also need to be differentiated from other mucinous adenocarcinomas. Interestingly, our patient developed not only a CA in the right lower lobe, but also a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the right upper lobe.