bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel endogenous long non-coding RNA that inhibits selenoprotein P translation
Authors: Mita Yuichiro , Uchida Risa , Yasuhara Sayuri , Kishi Kohei , Hoshi Takayuki , Matsuo Yoshitaka , Yokooji Tadashi , Shirakawa Yoshino , Toyama Takashi , Urano Yasuomi , Inada Toshifumi , Noguchi Noriko , Saito Yoshiro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSelenoprotein P (SELENOP) is a major plasma selenoprotein that contains 10 Sec residues, which is encoded by the UGA stop codon. The mRNA for SELENOP has the unique property of containing two Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) elements, which is located in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR). Here, we coincidentally identified a novel gene, CCDC152, by sequence analysis. This gene was located in the antisense region of the SELENOP gene, including the 3′UTR region in the genome. We demonstrated that this novel gene functioned as a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that decreased SELENOP protein levels via translational rather than transcriptional, regulation. We found that the CCDC152 RNA interacted specifically and directly with the SELENOP mRNA and inhibited its binding to the SECIS-binding protein 2, resulting in the decrease of ribosome binding. We termed this novel gene product lncRNA inhibitor of SELENOP translation (L-IST). Finally, we found that epigallocatechin gallate upregulated L-IST in vitro and in vivo, to suppress SELENOP protein levels. Here, we provide a new regulatory mechanism of SELENOP translation by an endogenous long antisense ncRNA.
A new assay capturing chromosome fusions shows a protection trade-off at telomeres and NHEJ vulnerability to low-density ionizing radiation
Authors: Pobiega Sabrina , Alibert Olivier , Marcand Stéphane 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChromosome fusions threaten genome integrity and promote cancer by engaging catastrophic mutational processes, namely chromosome breakage–fusion–bridge cycles and chromothripsis. Chromosome fusions are frequent in cells incurring telomere dysfunctions or those exposed to DNA breakage. Their occurrence and therefore their contribution to genome instability in unchallenged cells is unknown. To address this issue, we constructed a genetic assay able to capture and quantify rare chromosome fusions in budding yeast. This chromosome fusion capture (CFC) assay relies on the controlled inactivation of one centromere to rescue unstable dicentric chromosome fusions. It is sensitive enough to quantify the basal rate of end-to-end chromosome fusions occurring in wild-type cells. These fusions depend on canonical nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). Our results show that chromosome end protection results from a trade-off at telomeres between positive effectors (Rif2, Sir4, telomerase) and a negative effector partially antagonizing them (Rif1). The CFC assay also captures NHEJ-dependent chromosome fusions induced by ionizing radiation. It provides evidence for chromosomal rearrangements stemming from a single photon–matter interaction.
Near-reef zooplankton differs across depths in a subtropical seascape
Authors: Sponaugle S , Goldstein E , Ivory J , Doering K , D’Alessandro E , Guigand C , Cowen R K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Our knowledge of zooplankton in proximity to benthic marine habitats is hampered by challenges sampling near complex substrates. To address this, we deployed light traps near the benthos of four depth-specific coral reef ecosystems to measure nocturnal zooplankton abundance and assemblage composition. Replicate light traps at shallow shelf (SS10, &lt;10 m) and deep shelf (DS30, 20–30 m) habitats in the Florida Keys and at mesophotic depths at the Dry Tortugas (DT60, 40–60 m) and Pulley Ridge (PR70, 60–70 m) on the west Florida shelf revealed zooplankton assemblages that differed in both magnitude and composition. SS10 and DS30 were dominated by meroplankton, in contrast to the deeper sites where holoplankton were most abundant. Meroplankton and demersal plankton were significantly more abundant at SS10 and DS30 than at DT60 or PR70. Zooplankton assemblage composition overlapped between SS10 and DS30 depths, but shifted beyond those depths such that PR70 zooplankton assemblages were entirely distinct. DT60 assemblages were intermediate and included taxa with both shallow and deep affinities. Reflecting proximity to adult spawning populations and potentially different zooplankton prey with depth, such depth-related differences in zooplankton assemblages likely impact food availability for benthic organisms with consequences to community composition, habitat quality and population connectivity.
Barley Viridis-k links an evolutionarily conserved C-type ferredoxin to chlorophyll biosynthesis
Authors: Stuart David , Sandström Malin , Youssef Helmy M. , Zakhrabekova Shakhira , Jensen Poul Erik , Bollivar David , Hansson Mats 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ferredoxins are single-electron carrier proteins involved in various cellular reactions. In chloroplasts, the most abundant ferredoxin accepts electrons from photosystem I and shuttles electrons via ferredoxin NADP+ oxidoreductase to generate NADPH or directly to ferredoxin dependent enzymes. In addition, plants contain other isoforms of ferredoxins. Two of these, named FdC1 and FdC2 in Arabidopsis thaliana, have C-terminal extensions and functions that are poorly understood. Here we identified disruption of the orthologous FdC2 gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mutants at the Viridis-k locus; these mutants are deficient in the aerobic cyclase reaction of chlorophyll biosynthesis. The magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase is one of the least characterized enzymes of the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway and its electron donor has long been sought. Agroinfiltrations showed that the viridis-k phenotype could be complemented in vivo by Viridis-k but not by canonical ferredoxin. VirK could drive the cyclase reaction in vitro and analysis of cyclase mutants showed that in vivo accumulation of VirK is dependent on cyclase enzyme levels. The chlorophyll deficient phenotype of viridis-k mutants suggests that VirK plays an essential role in chlorophyll biosynthesis that cannot be replaced by other ferredoxins, thus assigning a specific function to this isoform of C-type ferredoxins.
Governing in a Polarized Era: Federalism and the Response of U.S. State and Federal Governments to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Birkland Thomas A , Taylor Kristin , Crow Deserai A , DeLeo Rob 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHow does the state of American federalism explain responses to COVID-19? State-by-state variations to the COVID-19 pandemic illustrate the political dynamics of “kaleidoscopic federalism,” under which there is no single prevailing principle of federalism. In the COVID-19 pandemic, features of kaleidoscopic federalism combined with shortcomings in the public health system under the Trump administration, leading to fragmented responses to the pandemic among the states. Federalism alone does not explain the shortcomings of the United States’ response to the pandemic. Rather, the fragmented response was driven by state partisanship, which shaped state public health interventions and resulted in differences in public health outcomes. This has sobering implications for American federalism because state-level partisan differences yield different and unequal responses to the pandemic.
HepCCATT: a multilevel intervention for hepatitis C among vulnerable populations in Chicago
Authors: Tilmon Sandra , Aronsohn A , Boodram B , Canary L , Goel S , Hamlish T , Kemble S , Lauderdale D S , Layden J , Lee K , Millman A J , Nelson N , Ritger K , Rodriguez I , Shurupova N , Wolf J , Johnson D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C infection could be eliminated. Underdiagnosis and lack of treatment are the barriers to cure, especially for vulnerable populations (i.e. unable to pay for health care).

Methods
A multilevel intervention from September 2014 to September 2019 focused on the providers and organizations in ‘the safety net’ (providing health care to populations unable to pay), including: (i) public education, (ii) training for primary care providers (PCPs) and case managers, (iii) case management for high-risk populations, (iv) policy advice and (v) a registry (Registry) for 13 health centers contributing data. The project tracked the number of PCPs trained and, among Registry sites, the number of people screened, engaged in care (i.e. clinical follow-up after diagnosis), treated and/or cured.

Results
In Chicago, 215 prescribing PCPs and 56 other health professionals, 86% of whom work in the safety net, were trained to manage hepatitis C. Among Registry sites, there was a 137% increase in antibody screening and a 32% increase in current hepatitis C diagnoses. Engagement in care rose by 18%.

Conclusions
Hepatitis C Community Alliance to Test and Treat (HepCCATT) successfully targeted safety net providers and organizations with a comprehensive care approach. While there were challenges, HepCCATT observed increased hepatitis C screening, diagnosis and engagement in care in the Chicago community.
Use and benefits associated with state marketing programs
Authors: Chakrabarti Anwesha , Campbell Benjamin , Rabinowitz Adam N , Brewer Brady 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMany states devote to state-based marketing programs with goals of increasing demand for local products. Utilizing data from a survey of northeastern U.S. producers, we evaluate producer and farm characteristics that affect awareness and participation in state-based marketing programs. Increased sales were the main reason for program participation by producers. Main nonuser barriers to Buy Local participation is small production and believing there is no benefit in the program for both Buy Local and Farmers’ Market participation. Furthermore, agricultural activities as well as farm characteristics are significant determinants of marketing program participation. Notably, business type and type of operation were consistently significant indicators of awareness and participation across marketing program. States that are wanting to increase local food consumption need to increase awareness of these programs, clarify the benefit to the farmers, and be more targeted to the farmers that the program may benefit.
Systematic review of context-aware digital behavior change interventions to improve health
Authors: Thomas Craig Kelly J , Morgan Laura C , Chen Ching-Hua , Michie Susan , Fusco Nicole , Snowdon Jane L , Scheufele Elisabeth , Gagliardi Thomas , Sill Stewart 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHealth risk behaviors are leading contributors to morbidity, premature mortality associated with chronic diseases, and escalating health costs. However, traditional interventions to change health behaviors often have modest effects, and limited applicability and scale. To better support health improvement goals across the care continuum, new approaches incorporating various smart technologies are being utilized to create more individualized digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs). The purpose of this study is to identify context-aware DBCIs that provide individualized interventions to improve health. A systematic review of published literature (2013–2020) was conducted from multiple databases and manual searches. All included DBCIs were context-aware, automated digital health technologies, whereby user input, activity, or location influenced the intervention. Included studies addressed explicit health behaviors and reported data of behavior change outcomes. Data extracted from studies included study design, type of intervention, including its functions and technologies used, behavior change techniques, and target health behavior and outcomes data. Thirty-three articles were included, comprising mobile health (mHealth) applications, Internet of Things wearables/sensors, and internet-based web applications. The most frequently adopted behavior change techniques were in the groupings of feedback and monitoring, shaping knowledge, associations, and goals and planning. Technologies used to apply these in a context-aware, automated fashion included analytic and artificial intelligence (e.g., machine learning and symbolic reasoning) methods requiring various degrees of access to data. Studies demonstrated improvements in physical activity, dietary behaviors, medication adherence, and sun protection practices. Context-aware DBCIs effectively supported behavior change to improve users’ health behaviors.
Blood cancer caregiving during COVID-19: understanding caregivers’ needs
Authors: Fisher Carla L , Wright Kevin B , Hampton Chelsea N , Vasquez Taylor S , Kastrinos Amanda , Applebaum Allison J , Sae-Hau Maria , Weiss Elisa S , Lincoln Greg , Bylund Carma L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic likely exacerbated caregiving challenges for caregivers of parents diagnosed with a blood cancer. Providing care during a public health crisis presents a complex web of uncertainties regarding cancer care, personal health, and COVID-19 risk. Identifying caregivers’ uncertainty experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic can be a first step in learning where to direct resources or alter policies to ensure that they can not only perform their caregiver role but also cope in health-promoting ways. Using uncertainty management theory, this study explored how the pandemic has impacted adult child caregivers’ experiences caring for a parent diagnosed with a blood cancer, as well as their experiences of uncertainty and uncertainty management. As part of a larger study on blood cancer caregivers’ needs, a survey was administered from March 30 to June 1, 2020, to recruit caregivers through the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. A qualitative and quantitative content analysis was conducted on open-ended responses from 84 caregivers. Caregivers described changes illustrating the complexity of providing care during a pandemic: (a) increased fears and uncertainty-related distress, b) reduced in-person care opportunities, (c) increased isolation, and (d) enhanced family communication. Caregivers with parents diagnosed with acute blood cancers used significantly more uncertainty management strategies and had more sources of uncertainty than caregivers with parents living with chronic blood cancer types. Findings highlight the need for supportive services to help caregivers manage uncertainty and improve their capacity to provide care in an unpredictable global health crisis. Such support may reduce poor psychosocial outcomes.
Organochlorine Pesticide Dieldrin Suppresses Cellular Interferon-Related Antiviral Gene Expression
Authors: Russo Max , Humes Sara T , Figueroa Ariana M , Tagmount Abderrahmane , Zhang Ping , Loguinov Alex , Lednicky John A , Sabo-Attwood Tara , Vulpe Chris D , Liu Bin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent pollutants linked to diverse adverse health outcomes. Environmental exposure to OCPs has been suggested to negatively impact the immune system but their effects on cellular antiviral responses remain unknown. Transcriptomic analysis of N27 rat dopaminergic neuronal cells unexpectedly detected high level expression of genes in the interferon (IFN)-related antiviral response pathways including the IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 and 2 (Ifit1/2) and the MX Dynamin Like GTPases Mx1 and Mx2. Interestingly, treatment of N27 cells with dieldrin markedly downregulated the expression of many of these genes. Dieldrin exterted a similar effect in inhibiting IFIT2 and MX1 gene expression in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells induced by an RNA viral mimic, polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) and IFIT2/3 gene expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells exposed to human influenza H1N1 virus. Mechanistically, dieldrin induced a rapid rise in levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) and a decrease in intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels in SH-SY5Y cells. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant and GSH biosynthesis precursor, effectively blocked both dieldrin-induced increases in iROS and its inhibition of poly I:C-induced upregulation of IFIT and MX gene expression, suggesting a role for intracellular oxidative status in dieldrin’s modulation of antiviral gene expression. This study demonstrates that dieldrin modulates key genes of the cellular innate immune responses that are normally involved in the host’s cellular defense against viral infections. Our findings have potential relevance to understanding the organismal effects of environmentally persistent organochlorine contaminants on the mammalian cellular immune system.
Risk Factors for Corneal Striae in Eyes After Glaucoma Surgery
Authors: Birnbaum Faith A. , Mirzania Delaram , Swaminathan Swarup S. , Davis Andrew R. , Perez Victor L. , Herndon Leon W. 
Published: May 2021

Précis:
Eyes with corneal striae had steeper cornea, induced astigmatism, and higher corneal hysteresis (CH), which implies a relationship between striae, corneal shape, and the cornea’s resistance to deformation at low intraocular pressures (IOPs).

Background:
Anterior corneal striae (ACS) are associated with low IOP. However, the clinical significance of ACS is unclear. Here, we aim to evaluate differences in eyes with striae compared with eyes without striae.

Methods:
Adults with ACS (cases) and without ACS (controls) ≥8 weeks after glaucoma surgery with an IOP ≤10 mm Hg were enrolled. Optical coherence tomography and optical biometry were performed. CH, defined as the difference in pressure between corneal indentation and reformation in response to an air jet, was obtained by the ocular response analyzer. Hypotony maculopathy (HM) was defined as optic disc swelling, vascular tortuosity attributed to hypotony, or clinical presence of chorioretinal folds confirmed on OCT.

Results:
One hundred sixteen eyes (76 cases, 40 controls) were included. Cases had a lower IOP compared with controls (6.5±2.3 vs. 8.5±1, P<0.0001). A 1 mm Hg increase in CH increased ACS odds [odds ratio (OR)=1.51, P=0.01]. A 1 D increase in the flattest presurgical and postsurgical corneal power increased ACS odds by 1.83 (P=0.01) and 1.41 (P=0.02), respectively. Astigmatism increased in eyes with ACS by 1.11 D (P<0.001). ACS odds were increased with every 1 minute increase in mitomycin-C duration (OR=1.58, P=0.047) and decreased with the use of topical glaucoma medication (OR=0.62, P=0.03). Visual acuity decreased from logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution 0.22 (20/33 Snellen) presurgery to 0.28 (20/38) postsurgery (P=0.008), independent of ACS. HM occurred in 19% of cases (P=0.05). A higher postsurgical CH increased HM odds (OR=1.8, P=0.003). HM predicted a 0.41 mm decrease in axial length (P<0.0001), independent of IOP.

Conclusion:
ACS were associated with a steeper cornea, induced astigmatism, and higher CH, suggesting a relationship between striae, corneal shape, and the cornea’s ability to resist deformations at lower IOP. CH, HM, and axial length shortening were associated independently of IOP.
A Comparison of Patient Acceptance of 3 Eye Drop Instillation Aids
Authors: Zhu Catherine Q. , Sadlak Natalie , Fiorello Marissa G. , Lee Deborah , Desai Manishi 
Published: May 2021

Precis:
Patients can be quite amenable to using eye drop instillation aids. We should consider recommending these devices to patients who otherwise struggle with drop instillation and medication adherence.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to compare patient acceptance of 3 commercially available eye drop instillation aids in a diverse tertiary care population.

Methods:
In this prospective, randomized controlled study, 39 patients being treated with topical antihypertensives were assigned to Arm A (no intervention) or Arm B (AutoDrop, AutoSqueeze, or SimplyTouch). Subjects in Arm B were instructed to administer their eye drop with the assigned drop aid at every use for ~6 weeks. Satisfaction surveys were administered at 3 and 6 weeks, where patients also reported the number of drops missed.

Results:
Thirty-two of 39 subjects completed study participation and full data analysis. Within this total group, 24 subjects were randomized to drop aids (AutoDrop N=10, AutoSqueeze N=8, SimplyTouch N=6), and 8 were randomized to no drop aid. At the 3 and 6-week timepoints, patients found instillation easier with AutoDrop (70.0%, 60.0%) followed by the AutoSqueeze (62.5%, 75.0%), and lastly SimplyTouch (33.3%, 33.3%). For the AutoSqueeze, the mean number of drops missed with and without the drop aid were significantly different (P=0.015 at 3 wk, P=0.008 at 6 wk). There was no difference in the mean number of drops missed with the AutoDrop and SimplyTouch at either timepoint.

Conclusions:
For the AutoDrop and AutoSqueeze groups, over 60% of the patients found the devices helpful and would consider using them long-term. Our results suggest that patients would be amenable to using eye drop instillation aids, although more objective data is needed to determine whether these devices would improve medication compliance and clinical outcomes.
A Review of Unintended Pregnancy in Opioid-Using Women
Authors: Auerbach Samantha L. , Agbemenu Kafuli , Ely Gretchen E. , Lorenz Rebecca 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Opioid use among reproductive-age women has greatly increased, resulting in high rates of opioid-exposed pregnancies, which are associated with negative outcomes, such as neonatal abstinence syndrome. Prevention of unintended pregnancy among opioid users is a critical pathway to reducing opioid-exposed pregnancies; however, little is known about pregnancy intention in this group. This article estimates the prevalence of unintended pregnancy among opioid-using women, thereby supporting efforts to develop interventions to reduce unintended pregnancy.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses framework. Reference lists of articles were searched. Eligibility criteria included reported unintended pregnancy rates within a population of opioid-using women of reproductive age. The search was completed in July 2018 and updated in October 2019.

Results
We identified 115 citations, screened 64 titles/abstracts, reviewed 31 full-text articles, and included 12 articles for this review. Rates of unintended pregnancy in opioid users were estimated in two ways, across the lifetime and for a current pregnancy, depending on study samples. Rates for both groups were high, with rates among currently pregnant opioid-using women (85%) compared with 45% among the general population.

Conclusions and Implications
Unintended pregnancy rates in opioid-using women were strikingly high, indicating a critical need for intervention. Routine inclusion of pregnancy planning in opioid treatment care is indicated. Education regarding contraception and opioid treatment services is essential for nurses in these settings. Family planning and opioid treatment efforts can be optimized by care coordination, with focus on nurse training for screening and patient education.