bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Behçet’s Disease With Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio&nbsp;(PLR) and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)
Authors: Shadmanfar Soraya , Masoumi Maryam , Davatchi Fereydoun , Shahram Farhad , Akhlaghi Maassoumeh , Faezi Seyedeh Tahereh , Kavosi Hoda , Pars'ayi Amirhosein , Moradi Soroush , Balasi Javad , Moqaddam Zeynab Rastgar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBehçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic disorder that involves multiple organs and is pathologically considered as a form of vasculitis. The current study aims to assess the metric properties of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in assessing BD disease activity.MethodsThree-hundred-nineteen patients with BD were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and epidemiological data, including IBDDAM, time since the onset, and medication and manifestation history was recorded. Complete blood counts (CBC), NLR, and PLR were assessed by analyzing blood samples. On the last visit, patients were assessed for active manifestations of disease. IBDDAM and ocular IBDAAM scores were calculated for activity of disease in each patient.ResultsBoth PLR and NLR were higher in patients with active BD (Man-Whitney U test, P-value<0.05). Patients with active ocular manifestation had significantly higher NLR and PLR (Man-Whitney U test, P-value<0.05). These ratios, however, were not associated with other active BD manifestations. A value of NLR >2.58 had 46% sensitivity and 85% specificity for the diagnosis of active ocular manifestations (AUC: 0.690). NLR had a significant though weak positive correlation with IBDDAM (Spearman’s rho = 0.162; p-value <0.05) and ocular IBDDAM (Spearman’s rho = 0.159; p-value < 0.05). ConclusionActive Behçet’s presented with higher NLR and PLR ratios; however, there was only a modest correlation between NLR and BD activity (IBDDAM score). Also NLR and PLR have significant relationship with ocular features of BD patients.
Androgen Receptor(AR) and Estrogen Receptor α (ERα)&nbsp;Affect Cell Growth and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer&nbsp;Through EGFR/PI3K/AKT Axis.
Authors: Keyan Zhu , Xiaojuan Li , Zhaosen Gu , Ming Yan , Maofeng Guo , Xuemei Wang , Yanchun Wang , Shuling Wang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background/Aims: Androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling and their interaction with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To explore the cross communication between AR, ERα and EGFR signaling pathway, we used RNA silencing technology and sex hormones intervention in NSCLC cell line. Methods: Model system was the well-characterized A549 adenocarcinoma NSCLC cells which can express AR and ERs well. We used different concentrations of testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) intervention cells and small interfering RNA (siRNA) specifically targeting AR, ERα in A549 cells, then examined the expression of AR, ERα and EGFR/PI3K/AKT axis, followed by detection of cells proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Results: After knocked down the expression of AR, ERα, the EGFR/PI3K/AKT axis was inhibited, and the proliferation decreased, apoptosis increased, migration and invasion decreased in A549 cells. 50µM T and 50µM E2 intervention inhibited AR, ERα and EGFR/PI3K/AKT axis expression, and the proliferation decreased, apoptosis increased, migration and invasion decreased in A549 cells. 10µM T, 10µM E2 and 100µM T, 100µM E2 intervention promoted the expression of AR, ERα and EGFR/PI3K/AKT axis, which enhanced the activity and migration invasiveness of A549 cells. Conclusions: These data provide a rationale for further investigation of the antitumor activity of clinical sex hormones therapy and the development of anticancer drugs targeting sex hormone receptors in the clinic. Future .
The Gut Microbiome Was Associated With Brain Structure and Function in Schizophrenia
Authors: Li Shijia , Song Jie , Ke Pengfei , Kong Lingyin , Lei Bingye , Zhou Jing , Huang Yuanyuan , Li Hehua , Li Guixiang , Chen Jun , Li Xiaobo , Xiang Zhiming , Ning Yuping , Wu Fengchun , Wu Kai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The effects of the gut microbiome on the central nervous system and its possible role in mental disorders have received increasing attention. However, our knowledge about the relationship between the gut microbiome and brain structure and function is still very limited. Here, we leveraged 16S rRNA sequencing with structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and resting-state functional (rs-fMRI) to investigate differences in fecal microbiota between 38 patients with schizophrenia (SZs) and 38 demographically matched normal controls (NCs) and explored whether such differences were associated with brain structure and function. At the genus level, we found that the relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Roseburia was significantly lower, whereas the abundance of Veillonella was increased in SZs compared to NCs. Additionally, the MRI results revealed that several brain regions showed lower gray matter volume (GMV) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), but increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in SZs than in NCs. Statistical analyses were performed to explore the associations between microbial shifts and brain structure and function. Alpha diversity of gut microbiota showed a strong linear relationship with GMV and ReHo. Moreover, we found that lower ReHo indexes in the right STC (r = -0.35, p = 0.031, FDR corrected p = 0.039), the left cuneus (r = -0.33, p = 0.044, FDR corrected p = 0.053) and the right MTC (r = -0.34, p = 0.03, FDR corrected p = 0.052) were negatively correlated with a lower abundance of the genus Roseburia. This study suggests that the potential role of the gut microbiome in schizophrenia (SZ) is related to the alteration of brain structure and function, suggesting a new direction for studying the pathology of SZ.
Are Health Facilities Providing Quality Care for Newborn and Young Infants in Pakistan?: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Sumera Aziz , Pradhan Nousheen Akber , Roujani Sana , Ali Ammarah , Hussain Syed Shujaat , Abbasi Zahid , Rizwan Samia , Ariff Shabina , Saleem Sarah , Siddiqi Sameen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
IntroductionPakistan is considered to be the riskiest place for newborns due to its highest neonatal mortality rate. Securing pregnancy and delivery care may not bring a substantial reduction in neonatal mortality, unless coupled with the provision of essential newborn and inpatient care for sick newborns and young infants (NYIs). We undertook this study to assess the availability and quality of newborn care services provided, and the readiness of inpatient care for NYIs in Pakistan.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study across Pakistan from February to June 2019 in 23 public sector health care facilities providing inpatient care for sick NYIs. We interviewed facility managers and health care providers by using structured questionnaires. We observed facility infrastructure and relevant metrics related to the quality of inpatient care such as types of infant care units and essential equipment, staffing cadre and facility management practices, quality assurance activities, essential services for NYI care, discharge planning and support, quality of NYIs care record, and health information system.ResultsOf the 23 facilities assessed, 83% had special care units for the sick NYIs, 70% had newborn intensive care units (NICUs), and 39% had Kangaroo Mother Care Units (KMCs). Almost 100% of the facilities had pediatricians, 13% had neonatologists, and 9% had neonatal surgeons. Around 61% and 13% of the facilities had staff trained in neonatal resuscitation and parental counselling, respectively. About 35% of the facilities monitored nosocomial infection rates, 39% were baby-friendly hospitals, and 26% were accredited. Essential services to diagnose congenital birth defects were offered in only 4% of facilities. Only 39% of facilities had received external supervision for NYI care and 17% reported organizing management team meetings preceding the survey.ConclusionThe study has demonstrated important gaps in the quality of newborn care in inpatient settings in the country. This includes dearth of KMCs, inadequate human resources, untrained staff, insufficient facility management practices, lack of inter-disciplinary meetings, and poor maintenance of records for critical newborn outcome indicators leading to compromised quality of care. To avert neonatal mortality in the country, provincial and district governments have to take action in improving inpatient care.
A Mutation in CsHY2 Encoding a Phytochromobilin (PΦB) Synthase Leads to an Elongated Hypocotyl 1(elh1) Phenotype in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Hu Liangliang , Liu Peng , Jin Zhuoshuai , Sun Jing , Weng Yiqun , Chen Peng , Du Shengli , Wei Aimin , Li Yuhong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hypocotyl length is a critical determinant in establishing high quality seedlings for successful cucumber production, but knowledge on the molecular regulation of hypocotyl growth in cucumber is very limited. Here we reported identification and characterization of a cucumber elongated hypocotyl 1 (elh1) mutant. We found that the longer hypocotyl in elh1 was due to longitudinal growth of hypocotyl cells. With fine mapping, the elh1 locus was delimited to a 20.9-kb region containing three annotated genes; only one polymorphism was identified in this region between two parental lines, which was a non-synonymous SNP (G28153633A) in the third exon of CsHY2 (CsGy1G030000) that encodes a phytochromobilin (PΦB) synthase. Uniqueness of the mutant allele at CsHY2 was verified in 515 cucumber lines. Ectopic expression of CsHY2 in Arabidopsis hy2-1 mutant led to reduced hypocotyl length. The PΦB protein was targeted to chloroplasts. The expression levels of CsHY2 and five phytochrome genes, CsPHYA1, CsPHYA2, CsPHYB, CsPHYC and CsPHYE were all significantly down-regulated while several cell elongation related genes were up-regulated in elh1 mutant compared to wild type cucumber, which are correlated with dynamic hypocotyl elongation in the mutant. RNA-seq analysis in the WT and mutant revealed differentially expressed genes involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolisms, cell elongation, and plant hormone signal transduction pathways. This is the first report to characterize and clone the CsHY2 gene in cucumber. This work reveals the important of CsHY2 in regulating hypocotyl length and extends our understanding of the roles of CsHY2 in cucumber.
Cordycepin Improved Neuronal Synaptic Plasticity Through CREB-Induced NGF Up-Regulation Driven By Microglial M2 Polarization: A Symphony Communication Between Microglia and Neurons in AD
Authors: Jiao Linchi , Liu Mingyan , Zhong Xin , Yao Weifan , Ma Guowei , Shen Jiajia , Wu Yuqiang , Du Ke , Liu Junxiu , Tong Junhui , Liu Chao , Fu Jia , Yu Zhihua , Wei Minjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of the neuroprotective effect of Cordycepin (CCS) on improving the neuro-immune microenvironment of AD neurons by mediating microglial M2 polarization. Methods: We investigated microglial M2 polarization from M1, neuronal senescence, and synaptic plasticity by biological techniques such as animal behavior, cell biology, morphology, and bioinformatics. Results: CCS improved learning and memory impairment in 9-month-old APP/PS1 mice. CCS induced the microglial M2 polarization, up-regulated the expression and secretion level of NGF, and inhibited neuronal apoptosis, senescence, and synaptic damage caused by abnormal microglial activation in vivo and in vitro. CREB was activated by the M2 polarization and mediated the NGF expression and secretion after CCS treatment. CREB bound with the Sg3 promoter region of NGF (-1018~-1011), which increased NGF expression and secretion. CREB-induced NGF upregulation driven by microglial M2 polarization to improve the neuronal synaptic plasticity inhibits neuronal apoptosis and senescence. As a novel participant in the intercellular communication between MG and neurons, NGF contributed to the neuroprotective efficacy of CCS treatment. Conclusions: CCS improved the neuronal synaptic plasticity and senescence by promoting microglial M2 activation driven by CERB-induced NGF upregulation and conducted the symphony communication of MG-Neuron in AD.
Flexible and Environment-friendly Regenerated Cellulose/MoS2 Nanosheet Nanogenerators with high Piezoelectricity and Output Performance
Authors: Chen Siling , Li Jilong , Song Yiheng , Yang Quanling , Shi Zhuqun , Xiong Chuanxi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting are getting more and more attention nowadays by converting the mechanical energy to electric energy. Here, an environment-friendly piezoelectric nanogenerator based on the regenerated cellulose (RC)/MoS2 nanosheet nanocomposite successfully exhibited a relative high output voltage of 2 V and current of 150 nA under slight press which were 5 and 7.5 times higher than those of the neat RC film, i.e. 0.4 V and 20 nA, respectively. In particular, the MoS2 nanosheets were obtained through a simple, facile and low-cost pathway by mechanical exfoliation in triethanolamine. The nanocomposite film with MoS2 nanosheet content of 4% exhibited a high piezoelectric constant (d33) of 19 pC/N, which was 6.3 times higher than that of the neat RC film (i.e. 3 pC/N). Thus, the RC/MoS2 piezoelectric nanogenerator has great potential applications in the fields of energy harvester, sensors and is of great significance to environment protection.
Functionalization of Cellulose Nanocrystals Powder by Non-Thermal Atmospheric-Pressure Plasmas
Authors: Matouk Zineb , Rincón Rocío , Torriss Badr , Mirzaei Amir , Margot Joëlle , Chaker Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Despite promising characteristics such as the biodegradability and the environmentally-benign nature of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) based composites, their poor dispersion and agglomeration in thermoplastic matrix during the melting process is a “bottleneck” in the development of these composites. In this work, a cylindrical atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (AP-DBD) was employed to functionalize CNCs to reduce their surface hydrophilicity and improve their dispersion in polar organic solvents. Three different gas mixtures were used for plasma treatment, argon/methane, argon/silane and an argon/methane followed by argon/silane. In all cases, the plasma treatment was conducted below 90°C as determined from optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analysis. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of both raw and plasma treated CNC powders confirms that the CNC crystallographic properties remain unchanged after plasma treatment. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis reveal the presence of hydrophobic C-Hx moieties on the CNC granular surface after argon/methane plasma treatment whereas SiHx, Si-O-Si, SiC bonds were formed after argon/silane plasma treatment. Under these experimental conditions, water wettability tests reveal some significant water repellency of the naturally hydrophilic cellulosic raw material. Moreover, the formation the SiHx moieties in silane-treated CNCs clearly enhances the hydrophobicity of the CNC powder in contrast to the sole C-Hx moieties synthetized by argon/methane plasma. High-resolution SEM images indicate the presence of agglomerated granules with 5-10 µm diameters in size. The surface functionalities of CNC powder enhance its dispersibility in polar solvents. Overall, this study emphasizes that AP-DBDs are suitable to process thermo-sensitive CNCs.
Power Withstanding Capability and Transient Temperature of Carbon Nanotube-Based Nano Electrical Interconnects
Authors: Robert Femi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper exhibits the electrothermal modelling and evaluation of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) based electrical interconnects for electronic devices. The continuum model of the CNT is considered and the temperature across interconnect is predicted for the given power. Finite element modelling software COMSOL Multiphysics is used to carry out the simulations. The results are compared with Al and Cu interconnects. An electrothermal analysis is also carried out to obtain the temperature for the given power for Single-Walled CNT, Double-Walled CNT, Triple-Walled CNT, and Multi-Walled CNT. Results show that the CNT interconnects performs better when compared to Al and Cu interconnects. The power withstanding capability of CNT is 68.75 times more than Al and 32.35 times more than Cu. Based on the transient analysis, the time taken by the CNT interconnects to reach a steady temperature is obtained as 0.007 ns. On the application of power, Cu and Al interconnects takes 0.1 ns to reach the steady-state temperature. The nanostructured CNT based electrical interconnects would play a considerable role in replacing Cu and Al electrical interconnect applications for micro and nanoelectronic devices.
Association between Dietary Patterns and Glycemic Control in a Middle-aged Chinese Population
Authors: Shen Xiao-Ming , Shu Long , Huang Yi-Qian , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Zheng Pei-Fen , Zhu Qin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite decades of research, data on the relationship between dietary patterns and glycemic control(hemoglobin(Hb)A1c<7%) in China are sparse. The objective of this study was to ascertain the association between different dietary patterns and glycemic control in a large group of Chinese adults aged between 45 and 59 years.Methods: A total of 1739 subjects aged 45-59 years from Hangzhou were included in the analysis. Information on dietary intake was collected by well-trained interviewers using a validated food frequency questionnaire(FFQ). Factor analysis with principal component method was applied to ascertain the main dietary patterns, and the associations between dietary patterns and glycemic control were determined using multivariable logistic regression models. Poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1c≥7.0.Results:Three dietary patterns were ascertained and labeled as traditional southern Chinese, Western, and grains-vegetables patterns. After controlling of the possible confounders, participants in the highest quartile of Western pattern scores had greater odds ratio(OR) for HbA1c≥7.0(OR=1.05; 95% confidence interval(CI):1.000-1.095; P=0.048) than did those in the lowest quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of grains-vegetables pattern, participants in the highest quartile had lower OR for HbA1c≥7.0(OR=0.82; 95% CI:0.720-0.949; P=0.038). Besides, no significant relationship between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and HbA1c≥7.0 was observed(P>0.05). Conclusions:This study indicated that the Western pattern was associated with a higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a lower risk for HbA1c≥7.0. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Predictors of Pain Intensity and Functional Limitation After Conservative Treatment in Idiopathic Ulnar Impaction Syndrome: High Work-Related Exposure or Degenerative Complex TFCC Tear Inevitably Results in Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Ulnar Impaction Syndrome
Authors: Suh Dong Hun , Park Jong Woong , Choi In Cheol , Park Jung Ho , Kang Jong woo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to identify predictors of pain intensity and functional limitation after conservative treatment in idiopathic ulnar impaction syndrome (UIS).Methods: One hundred seventy-seven patients with UIS who inevitably underwent ulnar shortening procedures because of considerable pain or functional limitation despite at least 6 months of conservative treatment were included. To identify the predictors of pain intensity and functional limitation after appropriate conservative treatment in UIS, pain intensity was estimated using the visual analog scale (VAS)score, while functional limitations of the wrists were evaluated by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score (DASH; subjective functional limitation), wrist range of motion, and grip strength (objective functional limitation) just before surgery. We considered sex, age, dominance of the affected wrist, work-related exposure, length of ulnar variance, types of distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) on the coronal, degree of ulnocarpal degeneration, presence of degenerative complex triangular fibrocartilaginous complex (TFCC) tear, and presence of bony lesions (cyst or sclerosis or erosion of lunate or triquetrum or ulnar head) as possible predictors of pain intensity and functional limitations of the wrists. The relationship between pain intensity and functional limitation and the possible predictors were statistically analyzed using a linear regression test.Results: Only work-related exposure was positively correlated with pain intensity and subjective functional limitation. The degenerative complex TFCC tear was a common predictor of an objective functional limitation.Conclusions: Patients with unavoidable excessive wrist use and degenerative complex TFCC tears tended to have more significant pain intensity and functional limitations despite at least 6 months of conservative treatment. Early surgical treatment should be considered for these patients.
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of the Machine Kinematic Behavior on the Surface Topography and Roughness in High Speed Ball end Milling of the AISI4142 Steel
Authors: Lotfi Sai , Rami Belguith , Maher Baili , Gilles Desseins , Wassila Bouzid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The analysis of the surface topography in ball end milling is an objective studied by many researchers, several methods were used and many combinations of cutting conditions and machining errors are considered. In the milling tool paths the trajectories presents a points of changing direction where the tool decelerates before and accelerates after respecting the velocity profiles of the machine. In this paper, we propose experimental investigations of the effect of the kinematic behavior of the machine tool on the surface quality. A poor topography and roughness are remarked on the deceleration and the acceleration zones compared to the stationary zone.