bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized Convolutional Neural Network at the IoT edge for image detection using pruning and quantization
Authors: Naveen Soumyalatha , Kounte Manjunath R 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMost real-time computer vision applications heavily rely on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based models, for image classification and recognition. Due to the computationally and memory-intensive nature of the CNN model, it’s challenging to deploy on resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices to enable Edge intelligence for real-time decision-making. Edge intelligence requires minimum inference latency, memory footprint, and energy-efficient model. This work aims to develop an energy-efficient deep learning accelerator using a 3-stage pipeline: Training, Weight-pruning, and Quantization to reduce the model size and optimize the resources. First, we employ YOLOv3, a CNN architecture to detect objects in an image on the trained data. In addition, a sparse network of YOLO has been created by using pruning, which helps to improve the network’s performance and efficiency by reducing the computational requirements. Finally, we utilize 8-bit quantization to reduce the precision of the weights and activations, in a neural network. The evaluation of our proposed model shows that combining pruning and 8-bit quantization improves the efficiency and performance of the model. While pruning shows a decline of 80.39% in model parameters. The combination of 8-bit quantization results in an improvement in inference latency by 22.72% compared to existing SQuantization approach and a reduction of energy consumption by 29.41%.
The decision-making of students in post-compulsory education: influence of personal, academic, family, and socioeconomic dimensions on the choice of Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Belando-Montoro María R. , Fernández-Salinero Carolina , Virgós-Sánchez Marta , Naranjo-Crespo María 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article is a response to the absence of multidimensional research into the decision-making of students in their choice of post-compulsory education. The aim is to analyse the personal, academic, family, and socioeconomic dimensions which influence the choices of students in the final (4th) year of Compulsory Secondary Education in Spain, specifically of Vocational Education and Training (VET). A multidimensional, 360-degree study was conducted, using a mixed, concurrent methodology (QUALITATIVE + quantitative) which permitted the triangulation and complementing of the resulting data. A total of 14 discussion groups were formed, 8 with students and 6 with the families of students in the 4th year of Compulsory Secondary Education from public schools in four Autonomous Communities in Spain. A questionnaire was also conducted with a sample of 731 educators (tutors and guidance councillors) teaching 4th year students in Compulsory Secondary Education in these Communities. These four dimensions are closely interlinked, as revealed by an analysis of the discourses of families and students, the results of the teacher surveys, and consideration of documentation from national and European institutions specialised in this area. The conclusions of the study highlight the implications of educational policies and practices and the need for action plans which meet the requirements of students and their families for information, regarding both academic and professional opportunities, responding to their socioeconomic circumstances as well as the changing perception of VET as “remedial” compared to the more “development oriented” Baccalaureate.
Innovations in mathematical modeling, AI, and optimization techniques
Authors: Ohue Masahito , Yasuo Nobuaki , Takata Masami 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis special issue is dedicated to examining the rapidly evolving fields of artificial intelligence, mathematical modeling, and optimization, with particular emphasis on their growing importance in computational science. It features the most notable papers from the "Mathematical Modeling and Problem Solving" workshop at PDPTA'24, the 30th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications. The issue showcases pioneering research in areas such as natural language processing, system optimization, and high-performance computing. The nine selected studies include novel AI-driven methods for chemical compound generation, historical text recognition, and music recommendation, along with advancements in hardware optimization through reconfigurable accelerators and vector register sharing. Additionally, evolutionary and hyper-heuristic algorithms are explored for sophisticated problem-solving in engineering design, and innovative techniques are introduced for high-speed numerical methods in large-scale systems. Collectively, these contributions demonstrate the significance of AI, supercomputing, and advanced algorithms in driving the next generation of scientific discovery.
AIoT-Driven Leak Detection in Real Water Networks Using Hydrophones
Authors: Bakhtawar Beenish , Fares Ali , Zayed Tarek 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAcoustic sensing technology is a familiar approach to detect leakage in urban water networks. Critical issues like false alarms, difficult leak locations, missed leaks, unknown site conditions, and high repair costs are still prevalent. The situation warrants developing a more sophisticated and efficient leak detection approach in real water networks. Hydrophone based acoustic technology has a strong promise for high precision detection of leaks. However, AIoT approach using hydroacoustic data for real water leak detection are rarely reported. The current study, therefore, proposes an integrated signal analysis and machine learning-based ensemble model for leak detection using a hydrophone-based smart IoT system. The results show that the most significant features are peak frequency and maximum amplitude. Random forest is the most robust classifier for cost effective long-term monitoring, and the proposed voting ensemble classifies leaks and no leaks with high accuracy on both unseen data and new sites. Specifically, proposed models have very few alarms and missed leaks are reported, a significant problem in models developed using accelerometers and noise loggers. The study shows a significant contribution to the domain of leak detection for real urban water networks.
Mobilization in Neurocritical Care: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Nobles Kristen , Cunningham Kyle , Fecondo Brianna , Closs Susan M. , Donovan Kathleen , Kumar Monisha A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Mobilization in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit (NICU) significantly improves outcomes and functional recovery while preventing immobility-related complications. The heterogeneity of neurologic conditions necessitates tailored, interdisciplinary mobilization strategies. This article reviews recent research on enhancing the feasibility and effectiveness of mobilization interventions in NICU settings.

Recent Findings
Early mobilization improves functional outcomes, reduces complications like muscle atrophy and pressure ulcers, and can shorten ICU stays. Safe implementation involves individualized protocols and a multidisciplinary team, emphasizing that early mobilization benefits critically ill neurological patients.

Summary
Development of evidenced-based protocols for interdisciplinary NICU patient mobilization enhances patient outcomes and quality of life. Use of outcome measures can facilitate mobility while preventing complications from immobility. Future research in embracing emerging technologies such as mobilization equipment and virtual/augmented reality will help determine optimal timing as well as dosage of mobility to improve long-term functional outcomes in the unique NICU population.
Antisemitism as a dark-ego vehicle
Authors: Bertrams Alex , Krispenz Ann 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
According to the recently proposed dark-ego-vehicle principle (DEVP), individuals high in dark-personality traits (e.g., narcissism, psychopathy) tend to be attracted to certain kinds of (political) ideologies if and when these ideologies can be used to satisfy their dark needs. With the present pre-registered longitudinal study, we attempted to falsify the DEVP in the context of antisemitism. In this regard, we predicted positively directed relationships between certain dark-personality traits (i.e., grandiose narcissism, antagonistic narcissism, psychopathy) and antizionist antisemitism. Individuals from several samples from the US and the UK (N = 3,981) completed validated psychometric measures of antisemitic attitudes. This data was correlated with several variables which had already been assessed previously: individuals’ dark-personality traits and specific dark-personality-needs indicators (e.g., aggression, virtue signaling). The results showed a failed falsification of the DEVP: The vast majority of the correlations between the examined dark-personality traits and antisemitism were positively directed. This was not only true for antizionist antisemitism but also for the classical Judeophobic antisemitism. The overall pattern of the found relationships was in line with the DEVP and its assumption that individuals high in dark-personality traits, particularly in antagonistic narcissism and psychopathy, may be attracted to antisemitic ideology.
Clinicians’ Experiences in Transgender Healthcare: The Impact of Sexology Training on Roles, Challenges, and Solutions
Authors: Carvalho Sérgio A. , Forte Teresa , Manão Andreia A. , Pascoal Patrícia M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Despite the critical role of clinicians in facilitating access to healthcare by transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people, their insight and practice-based knowledge have been underresearched. Also, they may complement TGD people's experiences by giving an insider perspective. This exploratory qualitative study, conducted online in a sample of 25 clinicians who work with TGD people (n = 11 clinical sexologists), explores how clinicians working with TGD people in Portugal perceive healthcare provision to TGD people, using a summative content analysis. Results showed that clinicians perceive their role to be all-encompassing, ranging from helping to cope with individual and interpersonal issues, and to cope with other health services. Participants highlighted the increase of TGD people’s visibility, awareness, and scientific knowledge, albeit more is needed as evidenced by several challenges derived from clinicians (e.g., lack of national guidelines, lack of training for standardized care, and lack of professional skills) and from the TGD clients (e.g., unrealistic expectations and lack of compliance). The proposed solutions include increasing the investment in specialized training and human resources, raising awareness within the healthcare system, and increasing interdisciplinary specialized care. Clinicians specialized in clinical sexology highlighted changes in scientific knowledge, more available evidence, and a need for socio-political changes and awareness raising. This study reveals that healthcare providers are self-critical but also reflect upon the difficulties of navigating between organizational, human, and personal constraints, claiming that to provide better healthcare there, policymakers must take concerted measures that can have a social impact.
Self-control design reveals varied lactation and metabolic responses to rumen-protected methionine in dairy cows
Authors: Wei Zi-Hai , Liang Shu-Lin , Gu Feng-Fei , Wamatu Jane , Sun Hui-Zeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
One hundred and thirteen mid-lactation cows fed same diets and supplemented with 20 g/d rumen-protected methionine (RPM) for 8 weeks were used to investigate the individual responses of dairy cows to RPM in terms of lactation performance, amino acids (AA) metabolism, and milk metabolites. Among the cows, 10 cows exhibited positive responses (PR) and 10 cows showed limited responses (LR) in energy-corrected milk yield to RPM were used for further analysis. The lactation performance changed from gradual decline to steady increase in PR cows, while kept downward trend in LR cows following RPM supplementation. In PR cows, the AA metabolism was notably enhanced after RPM supplementation, evidenced by increased mammary blood flow (69.4%, P = 0.05), mammary uptake and clearance rate and uptake-to-output ratio (U:O) of essential AA. The improved AA metabolism could be attributed to the enrichment of pyrimidine (P = 0.06) and pyruvate (P = 0.07) metabolism pathways, which may have stimulated mammary cell proliferation and enhanced AA uptake. Additionally, the upregulation of milk biotin (fold change > 2, variable importance projection > 1), known to support milk yield, likely contributed to the PR observed in PR cows. Conversely, in LR cows, RPM supplementation did not improve AA metabolism, decrease was observed in mammary uptake, mammary clearance rate, and U:O of cysteine, potentially due to cysteine being irreversibly converted from methionine. Moreover, the enrichment of central carbon metabolism in cancer pathway (P = 0.06), which also utilize methionine, along with the lysine degradation pathway (P = 0.04), suggests that methionine in the mammary glands may have been diverted toward non-lactational metabolic processes, resulting in absence of PR in LR cows. Our results indicate that the responses to RPM in dairy cows are individualized, with variation in lactation performance likely driven by differential AA metabolism.
Transforming research recruitment: Leveraging EHR systems and patient portals
Authors: Schwinne Megan , Woods Edward , Chan Barney , Speight Candace D. , Corry Vivian , Dickert Neal W. , Najarro Gabriel R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Electronic health records and patient portals are increasingly utilized to enhance research recruitment efficiency, yet response patterns across patient groups remain unclear. We examined 10 studies at Emory Healthcare that used these tools to identify and recruit 24,000 patients over 1 year. Response rates were lower among males and Black individuals, though study interest was higher among respondents. Interest was also greater among those with frequent healthcare interactions and lower comorbidity. In a large academic health system, portal-based recruitment offered a streamlined approach to research recruitment and patient engagement, with minor variations across patient characteristics warranting continued study.
Honest Computing: achieving demonstrable data lineage and provenance for driving data and process-sensitive policies
Authors: Guitton Florian , Oehmichen Axel , Bossé Étienne , Guo Yike 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Data is the foundation of any scientific, industrial, or commercial process. Its journey flows from collection to transport, storage, and processing. While best practices and regulations guide its management and protection, recent events have underscored their vulnerabilities. Academic research and commercial data handling have been marred by scandals, revealing the brittleness of data management. Data is susceptible to undue disclosures, leaks, losses, manipulation, or fabrication. These incidents often occur without visibility or accountability, necessitating a systematic structure for safe, honest, and auditable data management. We introduce the concept of Honest Computing as the practice and approach that emphasizes transparency, integrity, and ethical behaviour within the realm of computing and technology. It ensures that computer systems and software operate honestly and reliably without hidden agendas, biases, or unethical practices. It enables privacy and confidentiality of data and code by design and default. We also introduce a reference framework to achieve demonstrable data lineage and provenance, contrasting it with Secure Computing, a related but differently orientated form of computing. At its core, Honest Computing leverages Trustless Computing, Confidential Computing, Distributed Computing, Cryptography, and AAA security concepts. Honest Computing opens new ways of creating technology-based processes and workflows which permit the migration of regulatory frameworks for data protection from principle-based approaches to rule-based ones. Addressing use cases in many fields, from AI model protection and ethical layering to digital currency formation for finance and banking, trading, and healthcare, this foundational layer approach can help define new standards for appropriate data custody and processing.
To Glorify the Ancestors: How CEOs' Clan Values Affect Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Wang Yue , Tang Yi , Wang Tao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCEOs who develop strong clan values as a result of exposure to clan culture in early life wish to bring honor to their clan, motivating them to engage in increased CSR activities. We propose that the influence of CEOs' clan values on CSR is subject to contextual boundaries. Specifically, we predict that the positive relationship between CEOs' clan values and CSR results primarily in an improved level of institutional CSR and varies with CEOs' personal attributes such as overseas experience and hometown identity. An analysis of a longitudinal sample of Chinese publicly listed firms for 2010–2019 provides strong support for our predictions. The implications for upper echelons theory and CSR research are discussed.
Venetian Control of Information Flows with Constantinople and the Soft Power of a Renaissance State
Authors: Kittler Juraj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The ability to control international flows of information constitutes one of the core elements of the soft power of any modern state aspiring to exercise some level of regional or global hegemony. This phenomenon has been previously examined by those who study long-distance communications mainly in the context of the nineteenth-century telegraph or the twentieth-century broadcast. However, inquiries focusing on the analogous historical role performed by the postal service during the early modern era are much more scarce. Building upon this premise, this study examines the strategic advantages gained by the Republic of Venice through its control of the mail exchange between Europe and the Middle East – a de facto postal monopoly established during the sixteenth century. Venice deliberately subsidized this service in order to prevent the rise of potential competition. Despite the substantial cost, this was seen as an effective investment through which the republic gained a set of tangible strategic advantages. In particular, it helped to extend Venice’s relevance on the European political scene long past the point when its traditional political, economic, and naval–military power was already fading away.
The rising cost of infective endocarditis in West Virginia
Authors: Bhandari Ruchi , Abdulhay Noor , Wiener R. Constance , Smith Dalton , Fisher Melanie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The financial burden of hospitalization from life-threatening infectious diseases on the U.S. healthcare system is substantial and continues to increase. The purpose of this study was to identify key predictors of high hospital charges for infective endocarditis at a major university-affiliated cardiac care centre in West Virginia.
A retrospective electronic medical records’ review was undertaken of all adult patients admitted for endocarditis between 2014–2018. Multiple linear regression analysis assessed the total charges billed to the patient account for their endocarditis hospitalization in the medical record.
Hospital charges have increased 12-fold during 2014–2018. Among the 486 patients, the median hospital charge was $198 678. About 47% of the patients underwent surgery incurring 70% of the total charges. Patients with hospital stays of ≥50 days accounted for a third of all charges. The multiple linear regression model accounted for 85% of the linear variance in the hospital charges. Median charges increased by 30.87% for patients with ≥9 consultations, 60.32% for those who died in the hospital, and 81.85% for those who underwent surgical intervention.
The study findings showed that complex care requiring multiple consultations, surgical interventions, and longer hospital stays were significantly associated with higher hospital charges for endocarditis treatment.
Transposition of the great arteries with an intact ventricular septum in older children
Authors: Zhou Xiaowei , Luo Fanyan , Bu Haisong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractComplete transposition of the great arteries is a common life-threatening complex cyanotic congenital heart disease in infants, resulting in the operation usually performed about one week after birth. However, little is known about the surgical strategy and experience of transposition of the great arteries with an intact ventricular septum in older patients. Herein, we present an abandoned 7-year-old boy with severe cyanosis with clubbed fingers and toes and then diagnosed with transposition of the great arteries with an intact ventricular septum, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and pulmonary hypertension. The patient underwent a two-staged procedure: an aortopulmonary shunt and pulmonary artery banding were performed at the first stage, followed by the Switch operation, defect repair, and patent ductus arteriosus ligation, all of which were successfully performed. The patient was discharged on the 15th day after the operation, and the arterial oxygen saturation returned to normal level (99%). The illustrative report highlights the essence of raising awareness and developing accurate treatment strategy of transposition of the great arteries, especially in remote rural areas of eastern countries, where the level of health care and services is relatively underdeveloped.
V2 is not difficult to all learners in all contexts: a cross-sectional study of L2 Danish
Authors: Søby Katrine Falcon , Kristensen Line Burholt 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In a cross-sectional study of L2 Danish, we examined the production of correct verb-second (V2) word order. We tested the effect of (1) the learners’ language background, (2) test level and (3) the length of the sentence constituents. The texts were written by 217 students (3 test levels (A2-B1), 52 different L1s). Interrogative clauses had high accuracy, but 25% of the 491 declarative sentences with non-initial subjects had incorrect V3 word order. Our study shows that V2 is not difficult for all learners. Learners whose L1 is a V2 language had a significantly higher share of correct V2 word order, and they never overused V2. For non-V2 learners, the share of correct V2 significantly increased with proficiency level. For constituent length, accuracy decreased significantly with the length of the first constituent and for subjects consisting of multiple words.