bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Mediobasal Hypothalamic PACAP in the Control of Body Weight and Metabolism
Authors: Bozadjieva-Kramer Nadejda , Ross Rachel A , Johnson David Q , Fenselau Henning , Haggerty David L , Atwood Brady , Lowell Bradford , Flak Jonathan N 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Body energy homeostasis results from balancing energy intake and energy expenditure. Central nervous system administration of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) dramatically alters metabolic function, but the physiologic mechanism of this neuropeptide remains poorly defined. PACAP is expressed in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), a brain area essential for energy balance. Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) neurons contain, by far, the largest and most dense population of PACAP in the medial hypothalamus. This region is involved in coordinating the sympathetic nervous system in response to metabolic cues in order to re-establish energy homeostasis. Additionally, the metabolic cue of leptin signaling in the VMN regulates PACAP expression. We hypothesized that PACAP may play a role in the various effector systems of energy homeostasis, and tested its role by using VMN-directed, but MBH encompassing, adeno-associated virus (AAVCre) injections to ablate Adcyap1 (gene coding for PACAP) in mice (Adcyap1MBHKO mice). Adcyap1MBHKO mice rapidly gained body weight and adiposity, becoming hyperinsulinemic and hyperglycemic. Adcyap1MBHKO mice exhibited decreased oxygen consumption (VO2), without changes in activity. These effects appear to be due at least in part to brown adipose tissue (BAT) dysfunction, and we show that PACAP-expressing cells in the MBH can stimulate BAT thermogenesis. While we observed disruption of glucose clearance during hyperinsulinemic/euglycemic clamp studies in obese Adcyap1MBHKO mice, these parameters were normal prior to the onset of obesity. Thus, MBH PACAP plays important roles in the regulation of metabolic rate and energy balance through multiple effector systems on multiple time scales, which highlight the diverse set of functions for PACAP in overall energy homeostasis.
The disconnect between researcher ambitions and reality in achieving impact in the Earth & Environmental Sciences – narrowing the gap
Authors: Kelly Andrew , Gardner Victoria , Gilbert Anna 
Published: January 2021

Background: There is an increasing desire for research to provide solutions to the grand challenges facing our global society, such as those expressed in the UN SDGs (“real-world impact”). Herein, we consider whether the frameworks that underpin the research endeavour are appropriately oriented to support these aspirations and maximize the capability of research to achieve these goals. Methods: We conducted a survey of authors who had published in >100 of our Earth & Environmental Science journals. The survey was sent to just under 60,000 authors and we received 2,695 responses (4% response rate). Results: Respondents indicated that the majority of their research in the Earth & Environmental Sciences is currently concerned with addressing urgent global needs or that this will become a priority in the future; however, the impetus seems to be altruistic researcher desire, rather than incentives or support from publishers, funders, or their institutions. Indeed, when contextualised within other forms of impact, respondents indicated that citations or downloads were more important to them than contributing to tackling real-world problems. Herein, we analyse survey feedback, suggest the presence of a misalignment between researcher ambition and current realities, and discuss the role and value of the research journal in forming new connections for their researchers, both within and without academia. Conclusions: At present, it seems that this laudable ambition of achieving real-world impact is seemingly being lost amidst the realities of being a researcher. We offer for comment a series of suggestions, with the aim of simulating discussion and collective action to tackle these challenges as a community.
Not So Fast: Thinking Twice about Technology, Doug Hill (2016)
Authors: Elliott-Mosley Sam 
Published: January 2021

Review of: Not So Fast: Thinking Twice about Technology, Doug Hill (2016)
Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 240 pp.,
ISBN-13 978-0820355498, h/bk, $22.19; p/bk, $16.73; eTextbook, $18.95
CONSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO ULTRACÍCLICA E BIOTECNOLOGIA: ALTERNATIVAS REGULATÓRIAS
Authors: Ramos Alves Paulo Roberto 
Published: January 2021

A sociedade opera sob uma distinção binária sustentada pelos poloscontrários da comunicação e não-comunicação, os discursos sociais fundem-se com base em distinções binárias secundárias, sendo novas distinções continuamente (re)produzidas de acordo com o aumento da complexidade da própria sociedade e de seus subsistemas, promovendo o esfacelamento da hierarquização jurídico-estatal antenovas perspectivas discursivas continuamente produzidas. A constitucionalização civil da comunicação biotecnológica permitiria a formatação relações contingenciais entre diversos setores organizacionais, fomentando o fortalecimento dos programas internosde cumprimento também a partir de uma imposição constitucional. Todavia, o traço distintivo dessa ideia reside exatamente na assimetria entre o conjunto de decisões estatais e as decisões corporativas. Essa assimetria permite, como já identificado, que o processo de constitucionalização biotecnológica ocorra de modo dialógico, rompendose com a tradicional noção de hierarquização normativa estatal.
Natural History Wet Collections: Observations on PH Readings from the Use of Different Ethanol and Label Types
Authors: Mengual Ximo , Gimnich France , Petersen Hannah , Astrin Jonas J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We examined the effects of different types of specimen labels and tags on pH of different concentrations of ethanol typically used for fluid preservation in natural history collections. Labels were immersed in three different concentrations of ethanol, 96% pure undenatured ethanol (EtOH), 96% EtOH denatured with methyl-ethyl ketone (MEK), and 99.8% pure undenatured EtOH, with or without the presence of insect specimens, and the solutions were evaluated after 26 months for changes over time in pH reading. In general, pH readings of all label trials with 96% and 99.8% ethanol increased over time, except for trials of denatured alcohol, which demonstrated lower pH readings in almost all treatments, regardless of label type. Samples that contained labels with ordinary, nonstandardized, not explicitly acid-free printing paper had higher pH readings compared after the trial. Our observations are a good starting point for further experiments to answer research questions related to chemical interactions with labels in ethanol-preserved specimens, including tissue samples for molecular analyses, which can guide collection staff in their daily work.
Paixões da alma e estudo das expressões através das figuras femininas de Georgina de Albuquerque
Authors: Farias Alves Caroline , Christo Maraliz 
Published: January 2021

A produção de Georgina de Albuquerque revela o interesse da pintora paulista pela representação do feminino. Destacam-se obras onde a manifestação das emoções e sentimentalidade exteriorizadas a partir da fisionomia e postura corporal. O presente trabalho objetiva apresentar parte dessa produção refletindo sobre o contexto de valorização das expressões na prática artística brasileira.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Expressões. Representação Feminina. Retratos. Entresséculos XIX e XX. Georgina de Albuquerque.
FEATURES OF VALUE AND SENSE ATTITUDES TO EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN FUTURE TEACHERS
Authors: Likhacheva Elena Andreevna 
Published: January 2021

Background: At the moment, in educational psychology, questions of training future teachers remain relevant. The same is for the formation of not only professional competencies but also the system of value and sense attitudes of a teacher to his/her educational activities. Aim: The paper aims to study the structure of value and sense attitudes of future teachers (on the example of university students). Materials and methods: the study involved first-year students of the South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University and the Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmullahs aged from 17 to 18 years (n = 140, 118 females and 22 males). The following psychodiagnostic methods were used: meaning-life orientations test by D.A. Leontiev; value orientations method by M. Rokich; system of vital meanings by V.Yu. Kotlyakova modified by D.S. Ermakov. Mathematical and statistical processing: descriptive statistics and factor analysis were carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics v. 23 statistical software package. Results: the indicators of meaning-life orientations, the ranking position of terminal and instrumental values, as well as the prevailing categories of life meanings were revealed. In the structure of value and sense attitudes of future teachers, 4 factors are identified that describe the students' ability to formulate their personal meanings, correlate them with the interests of society and their future profession. Conclusion: the data obtained allow to analyze the structure of value and sense attitudes of future teachers. The peculiarity of their educational activity is closely connected with a teacher’s perception of his/her importance and value in society.
Breastfeeding Patterns as a Determinant of Fertility in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Utomo Wahyu , Catursaptani Robani , Kristiani Irawaty Dian , Dawam Muhammad , Bayu Rahardja Mugia 
Published: January 2021

Although the fertility rate in East Nusa Tenggara Province has decreased over the last 10 years, the birth rate is still higher than other provinces in Indonesia. Interestingly, the infertility index for breastfeeding in East Nusa Tenggara Province is the lowest compared to other provinces in Indonesia, which means that women of childbearing age in East Nusa Tenggara Province breastfeed their children with the longest breastfeeding period. Therefore, this study aims to determine the fertility decomposition and characteristics of breastfeeding mothers in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2017. The data source of this study uses the results of the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) using women of childbearing age who have given birth. The analysis used in this study included fertility decomposition analysis and continued with univariable, bivariable, logistic regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that breastfeeding as a proxy for infertility towards fertility in the province of East Nusa Tenggara has an index value (Ci) of 0.72 and after controlling for maternal characteristics variables, age, education and work status of mothers are the factors most related to breastfeeding behavior in East Nusa Tenggara in 2017. Promotion of good breastfeeding techniques and the benefits of breastfeeding needs to be improved in order to improve the quality of life of infants, spacing pregnancies and reduce the incidence of tengkes (stunting).
International practice of corticosteroid replacement therapy in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: data from the I-CAH registry
Authors: Bacila Irina , Freeman Nicole , Daniel Eleni , Sandrk Marija , Bryce Jillian , Ali Salma Rashid , Yavas Abali Zehra , Atapattu Navoda , Bachega Tania A , Balsamo Antonio , Birkebæk Niels , Blankenstein Oliver , Bonfig Walter , Cools Martine , Costa Eduardo Correa , Darendeliler Feyza , Einaudi Silvia , Elsedfy Heba Hassan , Finken Martijn , Gevers Evelien , Claahsen-van der Grinten Hedi L , Guran Tulay , Güven Ayla , Hannema Sabine E , Higham Claire E , Iotova Violeta , van der Kamp Hetty J , Korbonits Marta , Krone Ruth E , Lichiardopol Corina , Luczay Andrea , Mendonca Berenice Bilharinho , Milenkovic Tatjana , Miranda Mirela C , Mohnike Klaus , Neumann Uta , Ortolano Rita , Poyrazoglu Sukran , Thankamony Ajay , Tomlinson Jeremy W , Vieites Ana , de Vries Liat , Ahmed S Faisal , Ross Richard J , Krone Nils P 
Published: January 2021

Objective
Despite published guidelines no unified approach to hormone replacement in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) exists. We aimed to explore geographical and temporal variations in the treatment with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids in CAH.

Design
This retrospective multi-center study, including 31 centers (16 countries), analyzed data from the International-CAH Registry.

Methods
Data were collected from 461 patients aged 0–18 years with classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency (54.9% females) under follow-up between 1982 and 2018. Type, dose and timing of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement were analyzed from 4174 patient visits.

Results
The most frequently used glucocorticoid was hydrocortisone (87.6%). Overall, there were significant differences between age groups with regards to daily hydrocortisone-equivalent dose for body surface, with the lowest dose (median with interquartile range) of 12.0 (10.0–14.5) mg/m2/day at age 1–8 years and the highest dose of 14.0 (11.6–17.4) mg/m2/day at age 12–18 years. Glucocorticoid doses decreased after 2010 in patients 0–8 years (P < 0.001) and remained unchanged in patients aged 8–18 years. Fludrocortisone was used in 92% of patients, with relative doses decreasing with age. A wide variation was observed among countries with regards to all aspects of steroid hormone replacement.

Conclusions
Data from the I-CAH Registry suggests international variations in hormone replacement therapy, with a tendency to treatment with high doses in children.
Diffúz nagy B-sejtes limfóma autológ transzplantációt követő relapszusának sikeres kezelése rituximab-bendamustinvenetoclax kombinációs kezeléssel
Authors: Bicskó Réka Ráhel , Magyari Ferenc , Illés Árpád , Gergely Lajos 
Published: January 2021

Összefoglaló. Az autológ őssejt-transzplantáció után visszaeső
diffúz nagy B-sejtes limfómás betegek kezelése nagy kihívást jelent. Az újabban
alkalmazott kismolekulák, illetve a CAR-T-sejtes terápia ígéretes kezelési
lehetőségek, de ezekkel még nincs megfelelő tapasztalat, illetve csak bizonyos
betegcsoportban alkalmazhatók. A munkában egy autológ hemopoetikus
őssejt-transzplantáció után visszaeső diffúz nagy B-sejtes limfómás beteg
sikeres kezelését mutatják be a szerzők rituximab-bendamustin-venetoclax
kombinációs indukciós terápiával, amit 1 éves fenntartó venetoclaxkezelés
követett. A beteg a kezelést végig jól tolerálta, tartós remisszió alakult ki.
Az eset jól példázza, hogy az új kismolekulák alkalmazása nemcsak az
indukcióban, hanem fenntartó kezelésként is szóba jöhet egyes betegekben.
Summary. Treatment of patients with relapse of diffuse large B-cell
lymphoma after autologous stem cell transplantation is a major challenge.
Recently used small molecules and CAR-T-cell therapy are promising treatment
options, but are not always available, and can only be used in certain groups of
patients. In this paper the authors demonstrate the successful treatment of a
relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient after autologous hematopoietic
stem cell transplantation with rituximab-bendamustine-venetoclax induction
therapy for 6 cycles, followed by 12 months venetoclax maintenance therapy. The
patient tolerated the induction and maintenance well, a sustained complete
remission was achieved. The case highlights the possible implication of the
novel small molecules not only in induction but maintenance treatment as
well.
Static Ground Displacement for an Induced Earthquake Recorded on Broadband Seismometers
Authors: Zecevic Megan , Eyre Thomas S. , Eaton David W. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTUsing geodetic methods, significant static ground deformation has been observed for many large natural earthquakes. Some of the largest earthquakes induced by hydraulic-fracturing operations have been observed in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin; however, because of the size and depths of these events, the associated static ground deformations have not yet been observed using traditional geodetic techniques. A seismic processing technique, developed for small volcano-seismic events, has the potential to resolve micrometer-scale static displacements using broadband seismic data. In this study, we test this processing method using vertical component broadband recordings of an Mw 4.1 event acquired at four nearby broadband seismometers. Estimated static displacements at the four stations are compared with the theoretical surface displacement field for a dislocation on a finite rectangular source within a homogeneous, elastic half-space. The theoretical displacements have the same polarities as the measured displacements across the seismic network and have similar amplitudes for three of the four stations. However, one station yielded unstable results, which shows that care must be taken when using this method. These results suggest that this processing method has potential for obtaining surface deformation for small to moderate-sized earthquakes using broadband data.
Tracheocutaneous fistula closure by two hinged turnover flap and a fasciocutaneous pivot flap
Authors: Gupta Manish , Singh Anshul 
Published: January 2021

Tracheocutaneous fistula is a known complication in patient who are tracheostomised for long duration. A 18-year-old girl presented in our department who was tracheostomised 2 years back, to secure airway, following a road traffic accident and tracheal injury. She underwent multiple surgeries to maintain upper airway, which were successful, but developed a tracheocutaneous fistula due to prolonged tracheostomy. Surgical closure of the fistula was done using a two hinged turnover flap and a fasciocutaneous pivot flap. The patient was discharged on 6 day of the surgery with no complication and no recurrence. Our technique explains one of the many procedures used to close a tracheocutaneous fistula, mentioned in literature. It is minimally invasive and is associated with minimal chance of tracheal stenosis and recurrence.
Barreiras de Acessibilidade Enfrentadas por Pessoas Surdas no Setor de Serviços: Uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
Authors: Lopez Monica Holdorf , Griebeler Wilson Robson , Vergara Lizanda Garcia Lupi 
Published: January 2021

A acessibilidade é um direito de todo o cidadão. Para muitas pessoas surdas, o acesso às atividades existentes na sociedade é garantido quando há a possibilidade de comunicação em LS. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os problemas de acessibilidade enfrentados pelas pessoas surdas no setor de serviços. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a partir dos termos: deaf;"hard of hearing”; “hearing impaired”; access; inclusion; communication. Os serviços encontrados foram organizados em quatro categorias: saúde; emergência; sistema de justiça; e cultura. Constatou-se que, independentemente da situação econômica do país, todos os estudos apontaram a existência de barreiras atitudinais ou comunicacionais, tais como: a falta de conscientização das organizações a respeito das necessidades e singularidades do público surdo, a rara presença de intérpretes de LS, ou profissionais capacitados, bem como a ausência de informações sobre os serviços em LS. Com a ausência de recursos de comunicação, os surdos se deparam com três situações: (1) precisam do auxílio de um familiar ou conhecido e assim perdem sua autonomia; (2) utilizam a escrita, ou a leitura orofacial (linguagens estas que nem todos os surdos tem domínio, ou facilidade) e correm o risco de não compreenderem as informações corretamente; e (3) evitam ou desistem de acessar o serviço.
Análise da variação temporal do Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada no Parque Nacional da Serra do Gandarela em Minas Gerais utilizando imagens Landsat 8
Authors: Figueiredo Tiago Antônio 
Published: January 2021

A dificuldade de monitoramento e fiscalização da efetividade das ações do plano de manejo das Unidades de Conservação é um desafio devido aos extensos territórios que representam. Este problema pode ser minimizado com o uso de geotecnologias como o sensoriamento remoto que permite conhecer a dinâmica da superfície de forma remota. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a dinâmica temporal da vegetação do Parque Nacional da Serra do Gandarela e de seu entorno entre os anos de 2014 e 2019, através do uso do índice de vegetação NDVI, com imagens do satélite Landsat 8. Foram utilizados os softwares ArcGis na versão 10.5 e QGIS 2.18.0 para tratamento da imagem e cálculo e classificação do NDVI. Ao analisar os resultados produzidos, observou-se aumento na densidade da vegetação na área de estudo após a criação do parque, as regiões de vegetação densa aumentaram suas áreas em 5,5% e as áreas com algum tipo de ação antrópica ou solo exposto obtiveram perda de área de 1,4%. Foi possível verificar que a criação do parque contribuiu para a conservação dos recursos naturais da região de estudo e que as ferramentas de geoprocessamento são eficazes no processo de monitoramento da dinâmica da vegetação.
Aula de campo: Uma ferramenta didática para ensinar sobre o Meio Ambiente
Authors: Valentim Ruan Virginio Barreto , Freitas Déborah Karen Batista 
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo explicitar o uso da aula em campo como ferramenta pedagógica para o ensino de Geografia, considerando as diferentes percepções que esta permite para a discussão sobre o complexo conceito de Meio Ambiente e a relação homem-natureza com alunos do sexto ano, pertencentes à rede estadual do Rio de Janeiro, a partir das experiências proporcionadas pelo Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), fornecido pelo Instituto Federal Fluminense (IFF).
Projeto ConTEXTO: competências de leitura e escrita em foco
Authors: Da Silva Henriques Filipe Emanuel , De Oliveira Adilson Ribeiro , De Carvalho Ana Paula Mendes Alves , Reis Iago Augusto Apolinário , Felix Amanda Dos Santos , Maia Denise Giarola 
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho visa relatar a experiência em Extensão do Projeto “ConTEXTO: Oficina de Leitura e Produção de Textos”, uma iniciativa cujo objetivo é contribuir para o desenvolvimento e o aperfeiçoamento de competências e habilidades de escrita - sendo a mais recorrente a redação do Enem (Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio) - dos estudantes de Ensino Médio do IFMG - Campus Ouro Branco, bem como demais interessados da região. Iniciada em 2017, esta empreitada vem buscando viabilizar diversas e variadas formas de interação (aulas presenciais e/ou a distância, orientação personalizada etc.) que facilitem o alcance da pretensão mencionada. Sendo amparada em perspectivas advindas especialmente da Linguística Aplicada, da Linguística Textual e da Análise do Discurso, a equipe dedica-se a uma abordagem do texto que o considera como prática social situada. A metodologia utilizada pelo Projeto busca englobar diversas ações, sempre pretendendo promover a interação entre os envolvidos no projeto, outros estudantes e demais interessados. No último ano, novas implementações foram realizadas no website do projeto, além de mais atendimentos presenciais e foi iniciada a criação de um aplicativo para o Projeto, de modo a incrementar seu alcance, reforçando, assim, o seu viés extensionista.