bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting cybersecurity attacks across different network features and learners
Authors: Leevy Joffrey L. , Hancock John , Zuech Richard , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMachine learning algorithms efficiently trained on intrusion detection datasets can detect network traffic capable of jeopardizing an information system. In this study, we use the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset to investigate ensemble feature selection on the performance of seven classifiers. CSE-CIC-IDS2018 is big data (about 16,000,000 instances), publicly available, modern, and covers a wide range of realistic attack types. Our contribution is centered around answers to three research questions. The first question is, “Does feature selection impact performance of classifiers in terms of Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) and F1-score?” The second question is, “Does including the Destination_Port categorical feature significantly impact performance of LightGBM and Catboost in terms of AUC and F1-score?” The third question is, “Does the choice of classifier: Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Catboost, LightGBM, or XGBoost, significantly impact performance in terms of AUC and F1-score?” These research questions are all answered in the affirmative and provide valuable, practical information for the development of an efficient intrusion detection model. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to use an ensemble feature selection technique with the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset.
Association between gastric content fluidity and pars oesophageal ulcers in nursery pigs: a cross-sectional study of high-risk Danish herds using commercial feed
Authors: Peralvo-Vidal Juan Miguel , Weber Nicolai Rosager , Nielsen Jens Peter , Denwood Matthew , Haugegaard Svend , Pedersen Anni Øyan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the within-herd prevalence of pars oesophageal ulcers (POU) in high-risk Danish herds using commercial diets. Furthermore, we aimed to estimate the association between gastric content fluidity and POU using a generalised additive model (GAM). The study included 200 clinically healthy nursery pigs randomly selected from ten farms (20 pigs from each farm). The 10 farms were selected based on a suspected high prevalence of gastric ulcers. Post-mortem gastric ulcer assessment was based on macroscopic lesions, and gastric content fluidity was assessed based on the solid particle sedimentation percentage (solid phase).ResultsWe observed an overall prevalence of 35.5% for POU in nursery pigs. Within-herd prevalence varied considerably among farms, with values ranging from 0% in Farm 1 to 84% in Farm 4. Our model showed strong associations between POU and gastric content fluidity (P < 0.001), as well as between POU and farm of origin (P < 0.001). In addition, we observed that the risk of POU decreased non-linearly as the gastric content solid phase percentage increased, i.e. as the gastric content became more solid.ConclusionWe have demonstrated that pars oesophageal ulcers are present in Danish herds with nursery pigs fed commercial diets. Furthermore, we have established that gastric content fluidity is strongly associated with POU in nursery pigs. Even so, we cannot conclude that gastric content fluidity is solely responsible for POU. Future research should look into the association between pars oesophageal ulcers and both farm management activities and individual pig factors.
A critical review of the integration of renewable energy sources with various technologies
Authors: Erdiwansyah  , Mahidin  , Husin H. , Nasaruddin  , Zaki M. , Muhibbuddin  
Published: February 2021

AbstractWind power, solar power and water power are technologies that can be used as the main sources of renewable energy so that the target of decarbonisation in the energy sector can be achieved. However, when compared with conventional power plants, they have a significant difference. The share of renewable energy has made a difference and posed various challenges, especially in the power generation system. The reliability of the power system can achieve the decarbonization target but this objective often collides with several challenges and failures, such that they make achievement of the target very vulnerable, Even so, the challenges and technological solutions are still very rarely discussed in the literature. This study carried out specific investigations on various technological solutions and challenges, especially in the power system domain. The results of the review of the solution matrix and the interrelated technological challenges are the most important parts to be developed in the future. Developing a matrix with various renewable technology solutions can help solve RE challenges. The potential of the developed technological solutions is expected to be able to help and prioritize them especially cost-effective energy. In addition, technology solutions that are identified in groups can help reduce certain challenges. The categories developed in this study are used to assist in determining the specific needs and increasing transparency of the renewable energy integration process in the future.
An integrated multi-energy flow calculation method for electricity-gas-thermal integrated energy systems
Authors: Zhu Mengting , Xu Chengsi , Dong Shufeng , Tang Kunjie , Gu Chenghong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe modeling and multi-energy flow calculation of an integrated energy system (IES) are the bases of its operation and planning. This paper establishes the models of various energy sub-systems and the coupling equipment for an electricity-gas-thermal IES, and an integrated multi-energy flow calculation model of the IES is constructed. A simplified calculation method for the compressor model in a natural gas network, one which is not included in a loop and works in constant compression ratio mode, is also proposed based on the concept of model reduction. In addition, a numerical conversion method for dealing with the conflict between nominal value and per unit value in the multi-energy flow calculation of IES is described. A case study is given to verify the correctness and speed of the proposed method, and the electricity-gas-thermal coupling interaction characteristics among sub-systems are studied.
Implementation of the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative Program in Spain: First Results and Implications
Authors: Camps Carlos , López Rafael , Antón Antonio , Aranda Enrique , Carrato Alfredo , Cruz Juan Jesús , Cunquero-Tomás Alberto Jacobo , Díaz-Rubio Eduardo , Feyjóo Margarita , García-Foncillas Jesús , Gascón Pere , Lugo Ilse , Rogado Álvaro , Guillem Vicente 
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE: Measuring and tracking quality of care is highly relevant in today's health care. The Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) program is a referral for evaluating oncology practices worldwide. Excellence and Quality in Oncology Foundation, a collaboration of oncology experts from major Spanish hospitals involved in cancer treatment, reached an agreement with QOPI to include Spanish hospitals in this program. METHODS: We analyzed the results of the QOPI Core module measures from 19 Spanish hospitals over nine rounds (from fall 2015 to fall 2019). RESULTS: Of the 19 hospitals, 15 completed more than one round; none participated in all nine (two hospitals participated in eight rounds). The highest scores were for pathology report confirming malignancy, documenting a plan of care for moderate or severe pain and chemotherapy dose, and chemotherapy administered to patients with metastatic solid tumor with performance status undocumented. Measures regarding a summary of chemotherapy treatment, tobacco use cessation counseling, and assessment of patient emotional well-being were among the lowest scored measures. Six of the 15 practices that participated repeatedly achieved a better score in their last round compared with their first. Overall, scores of Spanish hospitals improved from 67.79% in fall 2015 to 68.91% in fall 2019. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate QOPI scores in Spain. There was high variability in scores, with quality of care improving with repeated participation in some hospitals, but worsening in others. Excellence and Quality in Oncology Foundation will support practices to increase their participation to improve oncology care and implement strategies that address the areas for improvement.
Rhythm of Fetoplacental 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 — Fetal Protection From Morning Maternal Glucocorticoids
Authors: Lamadé Eva Kathrin , Hendlmeier Ferdinand , Wudy Stefan A , Witt Stephanie H , Rietschel Marcella , Coenen Michaela , Gilles Maria , Deuschle Michael 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Context
Excess glucocorticoids impact fetal health. Maternal glucocorticoids peak in early morning. Fetoplacental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) inactivates cortisol to cortisone, protecting the fetus from high glucocorticoids. However, time-specific alterations of human fetoplacental 11β-HSD2 have not been studied.

Objective
We hypothesized that fetoplacental 11β-HSD2 activity shows time-specific alteration and acute affective or anxiety disorders impact fetoplacental 11β-HSD2 activity.

Methods
In this observational study we investigated 78 pregnant European women undergoing amniocentesis (15.9 ± 0.9 weeks of gestation). Amniotic fluid was collected (8:00 to 16:30 hours) for analysis of fetoplacental 11β-HSD2 activity, using cortisol (F):cortisone (E) ratio in amniotic fluid, E/(E + F). Fetoplacental 11β-HSD2 rhythm and association with “acute affective or anxiety disorder” (patients with at least one of: a major depressive episode, specific phobia, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, mixed anxiety and depressive disorder) and “acute anxiety disorder” (one of: panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, mixed anxiety, depressive disorder), assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, were investigated.

Results
Activity of 11β-HSD2 correlated with time of amniocentesis, peaking in the morning (r = −0.398; P &lt; 0.001) and increased with acute affective or anxiety disorder (mean [M] = 0.70 vs M = 0.74; P = 0.037) and acute anxiety disorder (M = 0.70 vs M = 0.75; P = 0.016). These associations remained significant when controlling for confounders. 11β-HSD2 activity correlated negatively with pre-pregnancy body mass index (r = −0.225; P = 0.047).

Conclusion
Our study indicates a time-specific alteration of fetoplacental 11β-HSD2 activity with peaking levels in the morning, demonstrating a mechanism of fetal protection from the morning maternal glucocorticoid surge.
In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Analysis Identifies Endometrial Circadian Clock Genes in Recurrent Implantation Failure
Authors: Zhai Junyu , Li Shang , Hu Jingwen , Gao Minzhi , Sun Yun , Chen Zi-Jiang , Giudice Linda C , Du Yanzhi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Context
Previous work has demonstrated the role of the circadian clock in ovarian steroid hormone synthesis and attributed embryo implantation failure associated with arrhythmic circadian clock genes to insufficient ovarian-derived progesterone synthesis. Research on expression of core circadian clock genes in the endometrium itself and possible roles in compromised endometrial receptivity and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) are limited.

Objective
We aimed to assess the core circadian clock gene profiling in human endometrium across the menstrual cycle and the possible gene interaction networks in the endometrial receptivity of window of implantation (WOI) as well as RIF.

Methods
The study was initially an in silico study, with confirmatory lab-based data from primary human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) as well as endometrial biopsies obtained from 60 women undergoing gynecological surgery in a clinical research center. The study included 30 RIF women and 30 age-matched and body mass index–matched controls.

Results
Initial data mining and bioinformatics analysis of human endometrial microarray datasets across the menstrual cycle and between RIF women versus controls demonstrated the varied expression of core circadian clock genes across menstrual cycle, including the key role of PER2 in WOI and RIF. A PER2-centered network was investigated in the regulation of endometrial receptivity. We also confirmed the evidently increased mRNA expression of SHTN1, RXFP1, KLF5, and STEAP4 in the endometrium of RIF women, displaying the same trend as PER2 did, without any changes in MT1E and FKBP5. Treatment of PER2 siRNA in hESCs verified the positive regulation of PER2 to SHTN1, KLF5, and STEAP4.

Conclusion
Aberrant expression of endometrial PER2 might contribute to impaired endometrial receptivity and development of RIF via regulating SHTN1, KLF5, and STEAP4.
In pursuit of a cure: The plural therapeutic landscape of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy in Cameroon – A mixed methods study
Authors: Ronse Maya , Irani Julia , Gryseels Charlotte , Smekens Tom , Ekukole Serge , Teh Monteh Caroline , Tatah Ntaimah Peter , Dierickx Susan , Verdonck Kristien , Colebunders Robert , Njamnshi Alfred K. , O’Neill Sarah , Peeters Grietens Koen 
Published: February 2021

Background
A high prevalence of epilepsy has been observed in several onchocerciasis-endemic villages in the Sanaga River basin, Cameroon. Recent studies suggest that ivermectin, a drug that is distributed annually with the aim of eliminating onchocerciasis, may have a protective effect against acquiring onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). This study, therefore, provides an in-depth understanding of both the complex therapeutic landscape for epilepsy as well as the experiences related to the ‘community-directed treatment with ivermectin’ (CDTI) campaign in order to identify a more trenchant path forward in the fight against epilepsy.

Methodology/Principal findings
Based on a mixed methods study combining a qualitative strand with a quantitative survey, we found that epilepsy was perceived to have had an epidemic emergence in the past and was still considered an important health issue in the study area. Socio-economic status, availability and accessibility of drugs and practitioners, as well as perceived aetiology shaped therapeutic itineraries for epilepsy, which included frequenting (in)formal biomedical health care providers, indigenous and/or faith healing practitioners. Ivermectin uptake for onchocerciasis was generally well known and well regarded. The CDTI faced structural and logistical bottlenecks undermining equal access and optimal adherence to the drug.

Conclusions/Significance
Locally accessible, uninterrupted, sustainable and comprehensive health-service delivery is essential to help alleviate the epilepsy burden on afflicted households. Addressing structural challenges of CDTI and communicating the potential link with epilepsy to local populations at risk could optimize the uptake of this potentially significant tool in OAE prevention.
Right ventricular load and contractility in HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Rajaratnam Arun , Rehman Sofiya , Sharma Prerna , Singh Vikas K. , Saul Melissa , Vanderpool Rebecca R. , Gladwin Mark T. , Simon Marc A. , Morris Alison 
Published: February 2021

Background
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are at risk of developing pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, but understanding of the relationship of RV function to afterload (RV-PA coupling) is limited. We evaluated the clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated PH.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of patients with a diagnosis of HIV undergoing right heart catheterization (RHC) from 2000–2016 in a tertiary care center. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of HIV, age ≥ 18 years and availability of RHC data. PH was classified as either pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; mean pulmonary arterial pressure [mPAP] ≥ 25mmHg with pulmonary artery wedge pressure [PAWP] ≤ 15mmHg) or pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH; mPAP ≥ 25mmHg with PAWP > 15). We collected demographics, CD4 cell count, HIV viral load, RHC and echocardiographic data. The single beat method was used to calculate RV-PA coupling from RHC.

Results
Sixty-two PLWH with a clinical likelihood for PH underwent RHC. Thirty-two (52%) met PH criteria (15 with PAH, 17 with PVH). Average time from diagnosis of HIV to diagnosis of PH was 11 years. Eleven of 15 individuals with PAH were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) while all 17 patients with PVH were on ART. Compared to PLWH without PH, those with PH had an increased likelihood of having a detectable HIV viral load and lower CD4 cell counts. PLWH with PAH or PVH had increased RV afterload with normal RV contractility, and preserved RV-PA coupling.

Conclusion
PLWH with PH (PAH or PVH) were more likely to have a detectable HIV viral load and lower CD4 count at the time of RHC. PLWH with PAH or PVH had increased RV afterload, normal RV contractility, with preserved RV-PA coupling suggestive of an early onset, mild, and compensated form of PH. These results should be confirmed in larger studies.
“When the pain is so acute or if I think that I’m going to die”: Health care seeking behaviors and experiences of transgender and gender diverse people in an urban area
Authors: Pratt-Chapman Mandi L. , Murphy Jeanne , Hines Dana , Brazinskaite Ruta , Warren Allison R. , Radix Asa 
Published: February 2021

Introduction
Approximately 1.4 million transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adults in the United States have unique health and health care needs, including anatomy-driven cancer screening. This study explored the general healthcare experiences of TGD people in the Washington, DC area, and cancer screening experiences in particular.

Methods
Twenty-one TGD people were recruited through word of mouth and Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer (LGBTQ)-specific community events. Participant interviews were conducted and recorded via WebEx (n = 20; one interview failed to record). Interviews were transcribed using Rev.com. Two coders conducted line-by-line coding for emergent themes in NVivo 12, developed a codebook by consensus, and refined the codebook throughout the coding process. Member checking was conducted to ensure credibility of findings.

Results
Three major themes served as parent nodes: health-care seeking behaviors, quality care, and TGD-specific health care experiences. Within these parent nodes there were 14 child nodes and 4 grand-child nodes. Subthemes for health care seeking behaviors included coverage and costs of care, convenience, trust/mistrust of provider, and provider recommendations for screening. Subthemes for quality of care included professionalism, clinical competence in transgender care, care coordination, provider communication, and patient self-advocacy. Overall, transgender men were less satisfied with care than transgender women.

Conclusions
Results suggest a need for improved provider communication skills, including clear explanations of procedures and recommendations for appropriate screenings to TGD patients. Results also suggest a need for improved clinical knowledge and cultural competency. Respondents also wanted better care coordination and insurance navigation. Overall, these findings can inform health care improvements for TGD people.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL KONSEPTUAL MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOK HALAL STUDI KASUS INDONESIA
Authors: Rohaeni Yeni , Sutawijaya Ahmad Hidayat 
Published: February 2021

Indonesia dengan mayoritas penduduk muslim terbesar memiliki potensi dalam pengembangan industri halal. Perkembangan industri halal harus ditunjang dengan pengembangan rantai pasok yang tepat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian konseptual yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model rantai pasok halal di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah telaah pustaka dan wawancara narasumber ahli. Model konseptual yang dikembangkan dalam artikel ini berfokus pada aspek peran pemangku kepentingan dalam implentasi rantai pasok halal. Pemangku kepentiangan yang sangat berperan adalah: (1) pelaku usaha/ industri halal, (2) pemerintah, (3) Perguruan Tinggi/ Lembaga Riset, (4) pelaku usaha infrastruktur penunjang rantai pasok halal, dan (5) masyarakat. Abstract[Development of Conceptual Model Halal Supply Chain Management Case Study Indonesia] Indonesia with the majority muslim population has the potential to develop the halal industry. The development of halal industry mus be supported by development of the right supply chain. This research is a conceptual research that aims to develop the concept of halal supply chain model that is adapted to conditions Indonesia. The research method is literatur review and expert interview. The conceptual model developed in this article focuses on aspects of the role of stakeholders in the implementation of halal supply chains. Stakeholders who play a very important role are: (1) halal business/ industry, (2) government, (3) Higher Educatio/ Research Institutions, (4) business actors supporting halal supply chain infrastructure, and (5) community.Keywords: supply chain management; halal; model halal supply chain management; halal supply chain management
Chronic Stress Prevents Cortico-Accumbens Cue Encoding and Alters Conditioned Approach
Authors: Spring Mitchell G. , Caccamise Aaron , Panther Elizabeth A. , Windsor Bethany M. , Soni Karan R. , McReynolds Jayme R. , Wheeler Daniel S. , Mantsch John R. , Wheeler Robert A. 
Published: February 2021

Chronic stress impairs the function of multiple brain regions and causes severe hedonic and motivational deficits. One brain region known to be susceptible to these effects is the PFC. Neurons in this region, specifically neuronal projections from the prelimbic region (PL) to the nucleus accumbens core (NAcC), have a significant role in promoting motivated approach. However, little is known about how activity in this pathway changes during associative learning to encode cues that promote approach. Less is known about how activity in this pathway may be altered by stress. In this study, an intersectional fiber photometry approach was used in male Sprague Dawley rats engaged in a Pavlovian autoshaping design to characterize the involvement of the PL-NAcC pathway in the typical acquisition of learned approach (directed at both the predictive cue and the goal), and its potential alteration by stress. Specifically, the hypothesis that neural activity in PL-NAcC would encode a Pavlovian approach cue and that prior exposure to chronic stress would disrupt both the nature of conditioned approach and the encoding of a cue that promotes approach was tested. Results of the study demonstrated that the rapid acquisition of conditioned approach was associated with cue-induced PL-NAcC activity. Prior stress both reduced cue-directed behavior and impaired the associated cortical activity. These findings demonstrate that prior stress diminishes the task-related activity of a brain pathway that regulates approach behavior. In addition, the results support the interpretation that stress disrupts reward processing by altering the incentive value of associated cues.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTChronic stress causes hedonic and motivational deficits and disrupts the function of the PFC. A specific projection from the prelimbic region of the PFC to the nucleus accumbens core (PL-NAcC) promotes approach behavior and is a strong candidate for contributing to stress-induced disruptions in motivation. However, it is not known how activity in this pathway encodes cues that promote approach, and how this encoding may be altered by stress. Here we show that the rapid acquisition of conditioned approach is associated with cue-induced activity in the PL-NAcC pathway. Prior stress both reduces cue-directed behavior and impairs the associated cortical activity. These findings demonstrate that stress diminishes task-related activity in a brain pathway that regulates approach behavior.