bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On marginal bone level changes around dental implants
Authors: Coli Pierluigi , Jemt Torsten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundPeri‐implant bone level values have been used as the clinical standard of reference to describe the status of a dental implant, despite the fact that their significance for the long‐term survival of the implant has never been properly assessed.PurposeTo challenge the assumption that the natural course of peri‐implant bone loss is the loss of the implant.Materials and methodsThis article is a narrative review on reasons and interpretations of marginal bone level changes around dental implants.Results and conclusionsDifferent views regarding the pattern and progression of marginal bone loss depending on dental specialties have been identified. However, the present finding of a negative correlation between an increasing cumulative marginal bone loss and a decreasing risk of implant failures over time indicates that peri‐implant marginal bone loss does not necessarily represent a condition of disease. Reduction of marginal bone levels may be observed in a majority of patients during follow‐up time, with only a minority of those patients losing implants and implant‐supported prostheses in the long term. Bone level changes seem often to occur as a consequence of physiological processes and/or as an adaptation to altered external as well as host response factors. Periodical radiological assessments of implant‐restorations remain a valid diagnostic tool for the detection of potential implant fractures, loss of osseointegration, screws working loose and for the detection of the few cases with advanced, continuously progressing marginal bone loss during time. The detection of peri‐implant marginal bone loss at one time point should not be immediately considered as a sign of ongoing pathology and of an increased risk of future loss of the implant in question.
Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on functioning of cytopathology laboratory: Experience and perspective from an academic centre in New York
Authors: Virk Renu K. , Wood Teresa , Tiscornia‐Wasserman Patricia G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 has extraordinarily impacted every facet of the health care facilities’ operations. Various strategies and policies were implemented promptly to preserve resources, not only to provide medical care to the expected massive numbers of COVID‐19 patients, but also to mitigate the contagion spread at the workplace to ensure safety of healthcare workers. All routine, non‐essential medical services and procedures were ramped down and workers deemed non‐essential were directed to work remotely from home to reduce the number of people at hospital premises and preserve much needed personal protective equipment that were in short supply at the outset of the pandemic. The laboratories did not remain unscathed and were under immense pressure to maintain workplace safety while being operational and provide best patient care with limited resources. In this paper, we share our experience and challenges that we faced in a cytopathology laboratory at a major academic centre in New York, USA during the peak of infection.
Predicting mood decline following temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in adults
Authors: Doherty Christine , Nowacki Amy S. , Pat McAndrews Mary , McDonald Carrie R. , Reyes Anny , Kim Michelle S. , Hamberger Marla , Najm Imad , Bingaman William , Jehi Lara , Busch Robyn M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a model to predict the probability of mood decline in adults following temporal lobe resection for the treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy.MethodsVariable selection was performed on 492 patients from the Cleveland Clinic using best subsets regression. After completing variable selection, a subset of variables was requested from four epilepsy surgery centers across North America (n = 100). All data were combined to develop a final model to predict postoperative mood decline (N = 592). Internal validation with bootstrap resampling was performed. A clinically significant increase in depressive symptoms was defined as a 15% increase in Beck Depression Inventory–Second Edition score and a postoperative raw score > 11.ResultsFourteen percent of patients in the Cleveland Clinic cohort and 22% of patients in the external cohort experienced clinically significant increases in depressive symptoms following surgery. The final prediction model included six predictor variables: psychiatric history, resection side, relationship status, verbal fluency score, age at preoperative testing, and presence/absence of malformation of cortical development on magnetic resonance imaging. The model had an optimism‐adjusted c‐statistic of .70 and good calibration, with slight probability overestimation in higher risk patients.SignificanceClinicians can utilize our nomogram via a paper tool or online calculator to estimate the risk of postoperative mood decline for individual patients prior to temporal lobe epilepsy surgery.
Curcumin nanoparticles as a photoprotective adjuvant
Authors: Adusumilli Nagasai C. , Mordorski Breanne , Nosanchuk Joshua , Friedman Joel M. , Friedman Adam J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWith rising skin cancer rates and interest in preventing photoaging, adjuvants for sunscreens are in high demand. The potential of curcumin has been posited due to its anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and wound healing properties. In prior studies, curcumin decreased UV‐induced inflammation, apoptotic changes in human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases. However, curcumin's utility has been hindered by poor aqueous solubility and rapid degradation in vivo. To overcome these limitations, we synthesized curcumin nanoparticles (curc‐np), which offer sustained topical delivery and enhanced bioavailability. Curc‐np and controls were applied to the skin of BALB/c mice prior to UVB irradiation. Twenty‐four hours later, mice pretreated with curc‐np showed less erythema, induration and scale compared to controls. Histopathology showed fewer sunburn cells, and TUNEL assay indicated decreased apoptosis in curc‐np treated mice. Immunohistochemistry illustrated less p53 expression in skin pretreated with curc‐np. Furthermore, cytokine analysis revealed significantly less IL‐6 and significantly greater anti‐inflammatory IL‐10 in skin of curc‐np‐treated mice as compared to controls. Taken together, our results reinforce curcumin's established anti‐inflammatory effects in the skin and highlight its potential as a photoprotective adjuvant when delivered through nanoparticles. Further investigation alongside sunscreens against UV‐induced damage is warranted.
Centrally acting antihypertensives change the psychogenic cardiovascular reactivity
Authors: Mendonça Michelle M. , Costa Amanda N. , Moraes Gean C.A. , Martins Gustavo M. , Almeida Aline F. , Rincon Gabriel C.N. , Siqueira João P.R. , Padilha Daniella M. , Moya Marcela I. , Ferreira‐Neto Marcos L. , Gomes Rodrigo Mello , Pedrino Gustavo Rodrigues , Fontes Marco Antônio Peliky , Colombari Eduardo , Crestani Carlos C. , Fajemiroye James O. , Xavier Carlos Henrique 
Published: January 2021

AbstractClonidine (CL) and Rilmenidine (RI) are among the most frequently prescribed centrally acting antihypertensives. Here, we compared CL and RI effects on psychogenic cardiovascular reactivity to sonant, luminous, motosensory, and vibrotactile stimuli during neurogenic hypertension. The femoral artery and vein of Wistar (WT – normotensive) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were catheterized before (24 h interval) i.p. injection of vehicle (NaCl 0.9%, control ‐ CT group), CL (10 µg/kg), or RI (10 µg/kg) and acute exposure to luminous (5000 lm), sonant (75 dB sudden tap), motor (180° cage twist), and air‐jet (10 L/min – restraint and vibrotactile). Findings showed that: (i) CL or RI reduced the arterial pressure of SHR, without affecting basal heart rate in WT and SHR; (ii) different stimuli evoked pressor and tachycardic responses; (iii) CL and RI reduced pressor response to sound; (iv) CL or RI reduced pressor responses to luminous stimulus without a change in peak tachycardia in SHR; (v) cage twist increased blood pressure in SHR, which was attenuated by CL or RI; (vi) air‐jet increased pressure and heart rate; (vii) CL or RI attenuated the pressor responses to air‐jet in SHR while RI reduced the chronotropic reactivity in both strains. Altogether, both antihypertensives relieved the psychogenic cardiovascular responses to different stimuli. The RI elicited higher cardioprotective effects through a reduction in air‐jet‐induced tachycardia.
The effect of needle size on cerebrospinal fluid collection time and post‐dural puncture headache: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: van Dongen Robin M. , Onderwater Gerrit L. J. , Pelzer Nadine , Zielman Ronald , van Oosterhout Willibrordus P. J. , van Zwet Erik W. , Ferrari Michel D. , Terwindt Gisela M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to compare cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection time and patient's discomfort between 20G (a)traumatic and 22G atraumatic needles.BackgroundRisk of post‐dural puncture headache (PDPH) is decreased using atraumatic needles. Smaller needles may give lower risk but possibly at the cost of increased CSF collection time (due to lower flow), leading to additional patient's discomfort.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of lumbar puncture data from a research program on CSF metabolomics and compared traumatic 20G (n = 210) with atraumatic 20G (n = 39) and 22G (n = 105) needles. In this cohort, incidence of PDPH was prospectively registered with other procedure details. Primary outcome was CSF collection time (time to fill the tube). Secondary outcomes were pain and stress scores during procedure, and incidence of PDPH.ResultsThe time to collect 10 mL of CSF was longer for 22G needles (6.1 minutes; 95% CI 5.8–6.5) than for 20G traumatic (2.2 minutes; 95% CI 2.1–2.2) and 20G atraumatic needles (2.9 minutes; 95% CI 2.8–3.1). There were no differences in pain and stress scores. PDPH was lower for 22G atraumatic needles: odds ratio 0.41 (95% CI 0.25–0.66) versus 20G traumatic needles and 0.53 (95% CI 0.40–0.69) versus 20G atraumatic needles. Absolute PDPH rates were 69/210 (32.9%) for 20G traumatic, 13/39 (33.3%) for 20G atraumatic, and 19/105 (18.1%) for 22G atraumatic needles.ConclusionsCSF collection time is slightly longer for smaller 22G needles, but this does not lead to more discomfort for the patient.
Severity of liver fibrosis using shear wave elastography is influenced by hepatic necroinflammation in chronic hepatitis patients, but not in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Nakano Chikage , Nishimura Takashi , Tada Toshifumi , Yoshida Masahiro , Takashima Tomoyuki , Aizawa Nobuhiro , Ikeda Naoto , Nishikawa Hiroki , Enomoto Hirayuki , Hatano Etsuro , Yano Hirohisa , Hirota Seiichi , Hachiya Hiroyuki , Iijima Hiroko 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimShear wave elastography (SWE) in patients with chronic liver diseases is a noninvasive useful method for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis severity, which can be an alternative to liver biopsy. However, the liver stiffness measurement using SWE can be affected by various factors including hepatic inflammation, extrahepatic cholestasis, heart failure, and underlying liver diseases. The aim of this study is to clarify the correlation between liver stiffness using SWE and hepatic necroinflammation serologically and pathologically.MethodsA total of 843 patients with chronic liver disease who received liver biopsy were analyzed. Liver stiffness measurement using transient elastography (TE) and virtual touch quantification (VTQ) were carried out on the same day as the liver biopsy. The correlation between SWE and hepatic inflammation was analyzed serologically and pathologically.ResultsThe liver stiffness values increased significantly with the progression of liver fibrosis and inflammation (overall p < 0.001). In patients with F0–1, F2, and F3, TE and VTQ values of A2 or A3 were significantly higher than those of A0 or A1 (p value, all <0.05), but not in patients with F4. The median alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values increased significantly with the progression of liver inflammation (p < 0.001). Moreover, TE and VTQ in patients with ALT ≥70 IU/L were significantly higher than those in patients with ALT <70 IU/L (p < 0.01), but not in patients with F4.ConclusionShear wave elastography can be affected by hepatic necroinflammation in F0–F3 fibrosis, but not in F4.
DNA damage‐inducible transcript 3 immunohistochemistry is highly sensitive for the diagnosis of myxoid liposarcoma but care is required in interpreting the significance of focal expression
Authors: Vargas Ana Cristina , Chan Noni L , Wong Daniel D , Zaborowski Matthew , Fuchs Talia L , Ahadi Mahsa , Clarkson Adele , Sioson Loretta , Sheen Amy , Maclean Fiona , Bonar Fiona , Cheah Alison , Jones Martin , Chou Angela , Gill Anthony J 
Published: January 2021

AimsMyxoid liposarcoma (MLPS) is characterised by DNA damage‐inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) gene rearrangements, confirmation of which is commonly used diagnostically. Recently, DDIT3 immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been reported to be highly sensitive and, when strict criteria are employed, specific for the diagnosis of MLPS. The aim of this study was to independently investigate DDIT3 IHC as a diagnostic marker for MLPS.Methods and resultsDDIT3 IHC was performed on 52 MLPS and on 152 mimics on whole sections, and on 515 non‐MLPS sarcomas in tissue microarray format. Only one MLPS (which had undergone acid‐based decalcification) was completely negative. With inclusion of this case if any nuclear expression is considered to indicate positivity, the overall sensitivity of DDIT3 is 98% (51 of 52 cases) and the specificity is 94% (633 of 667 non‐MLPS cases are negative). If a cut‐off of >10% of neoplastic cells is required for positivity, then the sensitivity remains 98% (51/52) and the specificity is 98.5% (657 of 667 non‐MLPS cases are negative). If a cut‐off of >50% of cells is required for positivity, then the sensitivity is 96% (50 of 52 cases) but the specificity improves to 100%.ConclusionsDiffuse nuclear DDIT3 expression occurs in the overwhelming majority of MLPSs, and can be used to confirm the diagnosis in most cases without the need for molecular testing. A complete absence of expression argues strongly against MLPS, and almost completely excludes this diagnosis, particularly if there is consideration of technical factors such as decalcification. The significance of focal DDIT3 expression should be interpreted in the morphological and clinical context, although most tumours showing only focal expression are not MLPS.
ABO and Rhesus D blood groups in the Northern Territory of Australia
Authors: McLean Antonia , Szabo Ferenc , Wang Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are no contemporary published data on the frequency of the ABO and Rhesus D (RhD) blood groups in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia, particularly for the large Aboriginal population.AimsTo establish the frequencies of ABO and RhD blood groups in the NT Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal populations in order to aid transfusion inventory management and clinical practice.MethodsRetrospective data were collected from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2012. All patients with a blood group sample processed by the NT public hospital laboratories and a recorded ABO and RhD report were included. Results were analysed using Stata 14.ResultsThe Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal populations had significantly different ABO and RhD distributions (P < 0.001). For Aboriginal individuals, 955/1686 (56.6%) were group O and 669/1686 (39.7%) were group A. In non‐Aboriginal individuals, 1201/2657 (45.2%) were group O and 986/2657 (37.1%) were group A. We found that 1646/1686 (97.6%) of Aboriginal individuals were RhD positive, compared with 2225/2657 (83.7%) of non‐Aboriginal individuals. Only 62/1686 (3.7%) of Aboriginal individuals were group B or AB, compared with 470/2657 (17.7%) of non‐Aboriginal individuals. In Aboriginal individuals we found that group O was more common than A in the ‘Northern’ NT, whereas there was similar distribution of the groups in ‘Central Australia’.ConclusionsWe found a significant difference in ABO and RhD blood groups between Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal individuals in the NT (P < 0.001). These findings will aid transfusion inventory management, allowing us to plan supply of blood products and reduce waste.
A Retrospective observational cohort study of the effect of antenatal influenza vaccination on birth outcomes in Cape Town, South Africa, 2015‐2016
Authors: McMorrow Meredith L. , Rossi Liza , Meiring Susan , Bishop Katherine , Itzikowitz Raphaela , Isaacs Washiefa , Stellenboom Faakhiera , Walaza Sibongile , Hellferscee Orienka , Treurnicht Florette K. , Zar Heather J. , Tempia Stefano , Cohen Cheryl 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting data concerning the impact of antenatal influenza vaccination on birth outcomes including low birthweight (LBW), preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and stillbirth.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of infants born to women residing in Mitchells Plain, Cape Town. Infants were born at 4 health facilities during May 28 – December 31, 2015 and April 15 – December 31, 2016. We performed crude and multivariable logistic regression, propensity score (PS) matching logistic regression, and inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) regression to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) against LBW, preterm birth, SGA, and stillbirth adjusting for measured confounders.ResultsMaternal vaccination status, antenatal history, and ≥1 birth outcome(s) were available for 4084/5333 (76.6%) pregnancies, 2109 (51.6%) vaccinated, and 1975 (48.4%) unvaccinated. The proportion LBW was lower in vaccinated (6.9%) vs. unvaccinated (12.5%) in multivariable [VE 0.27 (95% CI 0.07‐0.42)], PS [VE 0.30 (95% CI 0.09‐0.51)], and IPTW [VE 0.24 (95% CI 0.04‐0.45)]. Preterm birth was less frequent in vaccinated (8.6%) than unvaccinated (16.4%) in multivariable [VE 0.26 (0.09‐0.40)], PS [VE 0.25 (95% CI 0.09‐0.41)], and IPTW [VE 0.34 (95% CI 0.18‐0.51)]. The proportion SGA was lower in vaccinated (6.0%) than unvaccinated (8.8%) but not in adjusted models. There were few stillbirths in our study population, 30/4084 (0.7%).ConclusionsUsing multiple analytic approaches, we found that influenza vaccination was associated with lower prevalence of LBW (24‐30%) and preterm birth (25‐34%) in Cape Town during 2015‐2016.
Determining the impact of age and sex on the psychophysical and neurophysiological response to thermal pain across the adult lifespan
Authors: Atalla Sebastian W. , Cowan Ronald L. , Anderson Alison R. , Dietrich Mary S. , Iversen Larkin , Beth Kalvas Laura , Moss Karen O. , Wright Kathy , Monroe Todd B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsDetermine sex‐ and age‐associated psychophysical and neurophysiological differences in the processing of pain across the adult lifespan.DesignPreliminary, exploratory, cross‐sectional study.MethodsUsing psychophysics (to measure intensity and unpleasantness) and functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygenation level dependent methods (to measure stimulus‐evoked brain activation), we will examine sex‐ and age‐associated differences in thermal pain processing and their underlying neurophysiology in a broad range of healthy adults (ages 30–89). We will acquire resting state functional connectivity data for secondary analyses exploring whether resting state connectivity predicts psychophysical and neurophysiological responses to thermal pain. To examine the effects of altered blood flow, we will acquire resting‐state arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging data to quantify resting cerebral blood flow. We will interpret findings in the context of a proposed neural model of pain, ageing, and sex. Study funding was received in June of 2014. Ethical approval was obtained from the Vanderbilt University IRB prior to study initiation.ConclusionExploring the biological reasons for age‐ and sex‐associated differences in pain processing will increase our understanding of pain in older adults. The paucity of neurobiological evidence to support best practice pain management in older adults places these individuals at risk for poor pain management.ImpactPoorly treated pain in older adults is a critical public health problem associated with a poor quality of life and increased healthcare costs. Understanding how age and sex have an impact on central processing of pain across the lifespan is a critical step toward improving personalized pain medicine.
Investigating the role of dachshund b in the development of the pancreatic islet in zebrafish
Authors: Yang Lingling , Webb Sarah E , Jin Nana , Lee Heung Man , Chan Ting Fung , Xu Gang , Chan Juliana CN , Miller Andrew L , Ma Ronald CW 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAims/Introductionβ‐Cell dysfunction is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. In a previous pilot study, we identified an association between genetic variants within the human DACH1 gene and young‐onset type 2 diabetes. Here, we characterized the function of dachb, the only dach homologue to be expressed in the pancreas, in developing zebrafish embryos.Materials and MethodsWe injected one‐cell stage embryos with a dachb‐morpholino (MO) or with the dachb‐MO and dachb messenger ribonucleic acid, and determined the effect on the development of the pancreatic islet. We also carried out quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ribonucleic acid sequencing on the dachb‐MO group to determine the effect of dachb knockdown on gene expression.ResultsMO‐mediated dachb knockdown resulted in impaired islet cell development, with a significant decrease in both the β‐cell and islet cell numbers. This islet developmental defect was rescued when embryos were co‐injected with dachb‐MO and dachb messenger ribonucleic acid. Knockdown of dachb was associated with a significant downregulation of the β‐cell specific marker gene, insa, and the somatostatin cell marker, sst2, as well as regulators of pancreas development, ptf1a, neuroD, pax6a and nkx6.1, and the cell cycle gene, insm1a. Furthermore, ribonucleic sequencing analysis showed an upregulation of genes enriched in the forkhead box O and mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways in the dachb‐MO group, when compared with the control groups.ConclusionsTogether, our results suggest the possible role of dachb in islet development in zebrafish.