bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevents the H-89-induced spatial learning deficits in Morris water maze
Authors: Hashemzaei Mahmoud , Baratzadeh Najmeh , Shahramian Iraj , Fanoudi Sahar , Sanati Mehdi , Rezaei Hanieh , Shahraki Jafar , Rezaee Ramin , Belaran Maryam , Bazi Ali , Tabrizian Kaveh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
H-89 (a protein kinase AII [PKA II] inhibitor) impairs the spatial memory in the Morris water maze task in rats. In the present study, we aimed to study the protective effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine against H-89-induced spatial memory deficits.

Methods
Spatial memory impairment was induced by the bilateral intrahippocampal administration of 10 µM H-89 (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) to rats. The rats then received bilateral administrations of either nicotine (1 μg/μL, dissolved in saline) or O-acetyl-L-carnitine (100 μM/side, dissolved in deionized water) alone and in combination. Control groups received either saline, deionized water, or DMSO.

Results
The H-89-treated animals showed significant increases in the time and distance travelled to find hidden platforms, and there was also a significant decrease in the time spent in the target quadrant compared to DMSO-treated animals. Nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine had no significant effects on H-89-induced spatial learning impairments alone, but the bilateral intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevented H-89-induced spatial learning deficits and increased the time spent in the target quadrant in comparison with H-89-treated animals.

Conclusions
Our results indicated the potential synergistic effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine in preventing protein kinase AII inhibitor (H-89)-induced spatial learning impairments.
Digital predistortion of radio over fiber (RoF) link using hybrid Memetic algorithm
Authors: Singh Manjit , Sappal Amandeep Singh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Despite their many advantages over other communication links, radio over fiber (RoF) links also suffer from nonlinearity. This limits the dynamic range performance of the RoF link. Linearization techniques like digital predistortion can be explored for mitigating this nonlinearity. A hybrid optimization algorithm called hybrid Memetic algorithm, which uses the benefits of both Tabu search algorithm and Memetic algorithm, is used for parameter estimation of the digital predistorter. Simulation results demonstrate that the hybrid Memetic algorithm offers very promising outcomes.
The neonatal respiratory morbidity associated with early term caesarean section – an emerging pandemic
Authors: Thomas Jis , Olukade Tawa Olayemi , Naz Aliya , Salama Husam , Al-Qubaisi Mai , Al Rifai Hilal , Al-Obaidly Sawsan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To examine the impact of early term caesarean section (CS) on respiratory morbidity and early neonatal outcomes when elective caesarean section was carried out before 39 completed weeks gestation in our population.

Methods
A one-year population-based retrospective cohort analysis using routinely collected hospital data. Livebirths from women who had elective lower segment cesarean section (ELSCS) for uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at early term (ET) 37+0 to 38+6 weeks were compared to full term (FT)≥39+0 weeks gestation. Exclusion criteria included diabetes, antenatal corticosteroid use, stillbirths, immediate neonatal deaths, normal vaginal deliveries and emergency caesareans sections. The outcomes were combined respiratory morbidity (tachypnea [TTN] and respiratory distress syndrome [RDS]), Apgar <7 at 5 min of age, respiratory support, duration of respiratory support and NICU admission.

Results
Out of a total of 1,466 elective CS with term livebirths, the timing of CS was early term (ET) n=758 (52%) and full term (FT) n=708 (48%). There was a higher incidence of respiratory morbidities and neonatal outcomes in the ET in comparison to FT newborns. In the univariable analysis, significant risks for outcomes were: the need for oxygen support OR 2.42 (95% C.I. 1.38–4.22), respiratory distress syndrome and/or transient tachypnea of newborn (RDSF/TTN) OR 2.44 (95% C.I. 1.33–4.47) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission OR 1.91 (95% C.I. 1.22–2.98). Only the need for oxygen support remained (OR 1.81, 95% C.I. 1.0–3.26) in the multivariable analysis. These results were observed within the context of a significantly higher proportion of older, multiparous, and higher number of previous caesarean sections in the early term CS group.

Conclusions
There is a significant risk of respiratory morbidities in infants born by elective cesarean section prior to full term gestation. Obstetricians should aim towards reducing the high rate of women with previous multiple cesarean sections including balancing the obstetric indication of early delivery among such women with the evident risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity.
Stylistique et herméneutique des œuvres littéraires : pour une approche intégrative, via la notion de « stylisation »
Authors: Jollin-Bertocchi Sophie , Kurts-Wöste Lia 
Published: May 2021

Résumé
Depuis longtemps appliquée aux arts visuels avec le sens de “simplification”, la notion de stylisation émerge au cours du XXe siècle, héritière de l’histoire d’une approche dynamique du langage dont la source se trouve au XIXe siècle. La réflexion épistémologique récente tend vers une reconceptualisation de l’objet de la stylistique, passant du style à la stylisation, décentrement qui met l’interprétation au premier plan. Une stylisation “primaire”, par le créateur, se poursuit dans la stylisation “secondaire”, par l’interprète. Un détour par la sémiotique des cultures permet de relier l’herméneutique à une problématique sémio-anthropologique, contribuant à affermir la définition de l’objet de la stylistique et le statut scientifique de cette discipline. Objet de l’interprétation, le sens demeure une notion problématique. La stylisation est ici redéfinie comme une opération énonciative d’individuation textuelle visant à organiser du complexe à partir de quelques lignes de force, soit un processus de simplexification. Elle participe au mouvement de réunification des études littéraires et des sciences du langage sous le nom d’herméneutique matérielle.
Synthesis, Surface Tension, Flocculation and Antibacterial Properties of Cationic Copolymer Methacryloxyethyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride-Butyl Acrylate-Acrylamide
Authors: Su Geng , Jiang Ya-Jie , Ju Hong-Bin , Wang Ya-Kui , Yu Shui-Xin , Luo Ye-Yuan , Geng Tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Three cationic copolymers methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride-butyl acrylate-acrylamide (MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer) were designed and synthesized by emulsion polymerization. Their structures were confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The effect of content of hydrophobic monomer butyl acrylate (BA) in MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer on surface activities, flocculation and antibacterial properties were investigated. The study of surface tension shows that MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer has good surface activity due to the introduction of hydrophobic monomer BA. The flocculation experiment showed that the light transmittance of the kaolin suspension supernatant was 98.13% when the dose of MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer in the kaolin suspension was 0.03 mg/L, which was obviously better than the P(MTAC-AM) (91.02%) without hydrophobic modification of BA. The bacteriostatic experiment of MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer showed that as the content of hydrophobic monomer BA in MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer increased the inhibitory rate of MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer aginst Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)
Removal of Major Phosphate Impurities by Flotation using DTAB Collector
Authors: Farahat Mohsen M. , El-Midany A. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Removal of phosphate impurities is a prerequisite for using phosphate ores in different applications. The flotation process is one of the most promising processes that have been used to improve the phosphate grade. However, the flotation performance depends on the type of the associated impurities to valuable minerals due to their different flotation behaviour that needs more attention. In this paper, the flotation response of impurities at different pH and dodecyl tri-methyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) collector concentrations was investigated using the statistical design of experiments. The results indicated that some impurities were completely removed such as silica and alumina while others are only partially removed at about 72% and 38%, respectively. Thus, based on the impurities response to flotation and their rejection by flotation using DTAB collector, they are classified into two groups. The first group is SiO2, MgO, and Al2O3, while the second group includes only sulphide mineral (FeS2). The lowest rejection percentage for pyrite is due to its chemical composition as a sulphide mineral that has a different interaction with DTAB collector in comparison to first group minerals.
Dopamine Transporter Is a Master Regulator of Dopaminergic Neural Network Connectivity
Authors: Miller Douglas R. , Guenther Dylan T. , Maurer Andrew P. , Hansen Carissa A. , Zalesky Andrew , Khoshbouei Habibeh 
Published: May 2021

Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) exhibit spontaneous firing activity. The dopaminergic neurons in these regions have been shown to exhibit differential sensitivity to neuronal loss and psychostimulants targeting dopamine transporter. However, it remains unclear whether these regional differences scale beyond individual neuronal activity to regional neuronal networks. Here, we used live-cell calcium imaging to show that network connectivity greatly differs between SNC and VTA regions with higher incidence of hub-like neurons in the VTA. Specifically, the frequency of hub-like neurons was significantly lower in SNC than in the adjacent VTA, consistent with the interpretation of a lower network resilience to SNC neuronal loss. We tested this hypothesis, in DAT-cre/loxP-GCaMP6f mice of either sex, when activity of an individual dopaminergic neuron is suppressed, through whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, in either SNC or VTA networks. Neuronal loss in the SNC increased network clustering, whereas the larger number of hub-neurons in the VTA overcompensated by decreasing network clustering in the VTA. We further show that network properties are regulatable via a dopamine transporter but not a D2 receptor dependent mechanism. Our results demonstrate novel regulatory mechanisms of functional network topology in dopaminergic brain regions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this work, we begin to untangle the differences in complex network properties between the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and VTA, that may underlie differential sensitivity between regions. The methods and analysis employed provide a springboard for investigations of network topology in multiple deep brain structures and disorders.
Efficiency of Using the Diffie-Hellman Key in Cryptography for Internet Security
Authors: Anas Aljarah Ghaith Alomari, 
Published: May 2021

The businesses generate an “intranet” to hang about connected to the internet but secured from possible threats. Data integrity is quite a issue in security and to preserve that integrity we tends to develop as to provides the better encryption processes for security. In this work we will make a encryption harder with enhanced public key encryption protocol for the security and we will talk about the applications for proposed work. We will enhance the hardness in security by humanizing the Diffie-Hellman encryption algorithm by making changes or adding some more security codes in up to date algorithm. Network security has become more important to not public computer users, organizations, and the military.With the start of the internet, security became a major disquiet and the history of security allows a better understanding of the emergence of security technology. The internet structure itself allowed for many security threats to occur.When the architecture of the internet is modified it can decrease the possible attacks that can be sent across the network. Knowing the attack methods, allows for the suitable security to appear. By means of the firewalls and encryption mechanisms many businesses protected themselves from the internet.The firms crank out an “internet" to hold around connected into this world wide web but procured from potential dangers. Data ethics is a significant dilemma in protection and also to conserve integrity we all are inclined to grow concerning furnishes exactly the encryption procedures such as the security. Inside this job we'll earn a encryption tougher using improved general security protocol to your own stability and we're going to discuss the software for projected work. We'll improve the hardness of stability by humanizing that the Diffie Hellman encryption algorithm by generating alterations or including a few far more stability codes up to date algorithm. Network safety has gotten more very important to perhaps not people users, associations, and also the army. With all the beginning of internet, stability turned into a significant vexation along with the foundation of safety makes it possible for a superior comprehension of the development of technology. Even the online arrangement itself enabled for most security dangers that occurs. After the structure of this world wide web is altered it could diminish the probable strikes which may be transmitted from the other side of the community. Recognizing the assault procedures, permits the acceptable stability to arise. With this firewalls and security mechanics many companies shielded themselves out of the world wide web.
A Novel Approach of Ensemble Learning with Feature Reduction for Classification of Binary and Multiclass IoT Data
Authors: Et al. Mr. Vijay M. Khadse 
Published: May 2021

The number of network and sensor-enabled devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) domains is growing extremely, leading to a huge production of data. These data contain important information which can be used in various areas, such as science, industry, medical, and even social life. To make the IoT system smart, the only solution is entering the world of machine learning. Many machine learning algorithms are introduced for handling such a huge amount of IoT data. It is very difficult to find the best-suited algorithm for problems in the IoT domain. This study combined three ensemble models and proposed a new model termed the “hybrid model”. A set of features are extracted from the raw IoT datasets from diverse IoT domains, using Principal component analysis (PCA), Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and Isomap for classification problems. Performance comparison of the classifiers is provided in terms of their accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), and F1 score. This comparative study’s experimental result shows that Hybrid with PCA and Stacking ensemble technique in particular with PCA have better overall performance than other ensemble techniques for binary class and multie class datasets respectively
Analysis and Design of Deep Learning Algorithms for Retinal Image Classification for Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Dr. Reema Ajmera Amita Meshram, Dr. Deepak Dembla, 
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a far reaching survey of the standard and use of deep learning in retinal image investigation. Many eye ailments regularly lead to visual impairment without legitimate clinical determination and clinical treatment. For instance, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one such illness in which the retinal veins of natural eyes are harmed. The ophthalmologists analyze DR dependent on their expert information that is work escalated. With the advances in image preparing and man-made reasoning, Personal Computer vision-based methods have been applied quickly and broadly in the field of clinical images investigation. The important deep learning algorithms such as CNN Convolution Neural Network, ConvNet based algorithm, LCD net and Deep CNN, their working and main features of some of these standard Deep Learning algorithm are analyzed in detailed. Proposed algorithm will become more reliable accurate by introducing new features as well as better quality input by using advance algorithm of image processing.
Assessment of the Seismic Hazards of the Marikina Valley Fault from 2019 Mw 6.1 Castillejos Earthquake and Historical Events
Authors: Yang Ying-Hui , Tsai Min-Chien , Hu Jyr-Ching , Chen Qiang , Aurelio Mario , Xu Qian , Jiang Ziqin , Xu Lang , Yang Chao , Li Lin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The 2019 Mw 6.1 Castillejos earthquake occurred in the Zambales range of the central Luzon Island in Philippines. No active fault was reported around the seismogenic zone according to previous investigations. This earthquake draws attention for assessment in seismic risk along the Marikina Valley fault system (MVFS) near the Manila dense metropolitan population. The Coulomb failure stress (CFS) change on the MVFS is estimated by the coseismic faulting model derived from the inversion of coseismic deformation field observed from the Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar using both the Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 and Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. The predicted CFS change is less than 0.5 kPa that implies insignificant Coulomb stress accumulation on the MVFS after the Mw 6.1 Castillejos event. However, the recorded 14 moderate and strong earthquakes in and around the Luzon islands caused significant CFS drop on the MVFS. This might delay the occurrence of the earthquake for 0.2–50 yr on the MVFS.
A Tale of Two Metrics: The EPA Risk Quotient Approach versus the Delay in Population Growth Index for Determination of Pesticide Risk to Aquatic Species
Authors: Stark John D. , Banks John E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The risk that two closely related insecticides, spinetoram and spinosad, posed to three Cladoceran species, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, and D. magna was determined using two approaches, the USEPA Risk Quotient method and the Delay in Population Growth Index (DPGI). Results of the RQ method showed that spinetoram posed a risk to all three species, but spinosad posed a risk only to C. dubia. The DPGI analysis showed that exposure to spinetoram resulted in populations of all three species being delayed > 3 generation times. Exposure to the LC50 and the lower 95% CL resulted in delayed populations while exposure to the upper 95% CL concentration of spinetoram resulted in no recovery of any of the three species over the course of the modeling exercise (88 d). Exposure to the lower and upper 95% Cl and the LC50 of spinosad resulted in C. dubia populations being delayed > 3 generations. D. pulex populations were not negatively affected after exposure to spinosad. D. magna populations were delayed > 3 generations, but only after exposure to the upper 95% Cl of spinosad. These results illustrate that although the EPA risk quotient method indicated that spinetoram posed a risk to all three species and that spinosad only posed a risk to C. dubia, the DPGI showed that D. magna would be negatively affected by spinosad and none of the three species would recover after exposure to the upper 95% CL of spinetoram. Because the DPGI uses the 95% Cl as well as the LC50 in its calculation and produces a measure of population growth and recovery or lack thereof, it provides more detailed information in terms of the potential risk of pesticides to populations than the RQ method.
Genomic Assessment of Stenotrophomonas Indicatrix for Improved Sunflower Plant
Authors: Adeleke Bartholomew Saanu , Ayangbenro Ayansina Segun , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plant growth-promotion screening and genome analysis of Stenotrophomonas indicatrix BOVIS40 were presented in this study. The genomic information reveals various genes underlining plant growth promotion and resistance to environmental stressors. The genome of S. indicatrix BOVIS40 harbors genes involved in the degradation and biotransformation of organic molecules. Also, other genes involved in biofilm production, chemotaxis, and flagellation that facilitate bacterial colonization in the root endosphere and phytohormone genes that modulate root development and stress response in plants were detected in strain BOVIS40. IAA activity of the bacterial strain may be a factor responsible for root formation. Nevertheless, the results highlighted here provide insights into the genomic functions of S. indicatrix and which can be explored in agricultural management. Hence, a measurable approach to the S. indicatrix lifestyle can strategically provide several opportunities in their use as bioinoculants in developing environmentally friendly agriculture sustainably.
Drilling of a Bidirectional Jute Fibre and Cork-Reinforced Polymer Biosandwich Structure: ANN and RSM approaches for Modelling and Optimization
Authors: Tabet Zohir , Belaadi Ahmed , Boumaaza Messaouda , Bourchak Mostefa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present study examined the effects of drilling parameters such as spindle speed (N), feed rate (f), diameter of the tools (d) and drill geometry such as twist drills (HSS-TiN) and brad & spur drills (BSD) used on delamination damage in a biosandwich structure consisting of an epoxy matrix reinforced with bidirectional jute fibres and cork (JFCE). Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were exploited to evaluate the influence and interaction of the cutting parameters on the delamination factor (Fd) at the output during drilling. In addition, several optimization methods, such as desirability-based RSM, the genetic algorithm (GA) and the fmincon function, were applied to validate the optimal combination of cutting parameters (f, N and d) in the structures studied in biosandwiches during this research. According to the experimental results, severe damage was indeed observed with the BSD tool (Fd = 1.684) compared to the HSS-TiN tool (Fd = 1.555) for the same cutting conditions. To obtain the minimum Fd, the optimum conditions obtained by GA were respectively 1397.54 rev/min, 51.162 mm/min and 5.981 mm for HSS-TiN for f, N and d.
Minimally Invasive Myxoma Resection: A Single-center 5 Years’ Experience
Authors: Lu Feng , Yang Xin , Xu Jian-Jun , Wu Yong-Bing , Zhu Shu-Qiang , Chen Shi-Wei , Zou Hong-Peng , Nie Rui-Zhi , Li Ze-Long , Long Xiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIncreasing demand for minimally invasive myxoma resection. This study aimed to investigate the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive myxoma resection. MethodsThis is a retrospective study, we collected information on 95 patients who underwent myxoma resection from January 2016 to December 2020. According to the operative approach, they were divided into a minimally invasive myxoma resection(Mini-MR) group (n=30) and a sternotomy myxoma resection(SMR) group (n=65), we compared the intraoperative and postoperative data between the two groups. ResultsPostoperative ventilator assisted time, CSICU time and postoperative hospital stay of Mini-AVR were shorter than SAVR [(13.05 ± 4.98) VS (17.07 ± 9.52)h ;(1.73 ± 0.29) VS (2.27 ± 1.53)d; (6.20 ± 1.50) VS (9.48 ± 3.37)d], the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Mini-AVR has lower postoperative drainage and blood transfusion rate of the first 24 h compared with SAVR [(38.93 ± 69.62) VS (178.25 ± 153.06)ml; 26.6% VS 63.1%], the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion﻿Mini-MR has the advantages of less CSICU stay time, less ventilator time, less postoperative drainage the first 24h, less blood transfusion, fewer postoperative hospital stays, and faster recovery. Mini-MR is a safe and feasible surgical procedure for the resection of myxoma.