bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional correlates of self-reported energy levels in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study
Authors: Ehrenkranz Rebecca , Rosso Andrea L. , Sprague Briana N. , Tian Qu , Gmelin Theresa , Bohnen Nicolaas , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Glynn Nancy W. , Rosano Caterina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Effects of fatigue on health in older age are well studied, yet little is known about the clinical relevance of energy perception.

Aims
To explore cross-sectional associations of self-reported energy with physical and mental health metrics in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study.

Methods
Participants rated their energy from 0 to 10; the outcome was energy dichotomized at the median (≥ 7 = higher energy). Four domains were assessed: depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale); physical performance (function: usual and rapid gait speed; fitness: 400-m walk time); physical activity (casual walking, walking for exercise, and intense exercise); and cognitive function (Modified Mini-Mental State Examination and Digit Symbol Substitution Test). Covariates bivariately associated with energy entered a multivariable logistic regression model, adjusted for demographics, chronic conditions, and strength.

Results
Depressive symptoms, physical performance and activity, but not cognition, were bivariately associated with energy (p < 0.0005). Younger age, male sex, greater strength, and absence of chronic conditions predicted higher energy (p < 0.001). In a multivariable model, depressive symptoms [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 95% CI 0.69 (0.62, 0.76)] and 400-m walk times [aOR = 0.81 (0.72, 0.91)] were inversely associated with energy; usual and rapid gait speed [aOR = 1.3 (1.2, 1.4); aOR = 1.2 (1.1–1.4)], and time spent in intense exercise [aOR = 1.4 (1.1–1.7)] were positively associated with energy.

Discussion
In this cohort with a range of chronic conditions and fatigue, perceiving higher energy levels may reflect better emotional and physical health.

Conclusion
Energy should be considered in multidimensional clinical assessments of older age.
Naming of Stimuli in Equivalence Class Formation in Children
Authors: Granerud Guro , Arntzen Erik 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present study, two typically developing 4-year-old children, Pete and Joe, were trained six conditional discriminations and tested for the formation of three 3-member equivalence classes. Pete and Joe did not establish the AC relation within 600 trials and were given two conditions of preliminary training, including naming of stimuli with two different stimulus sets. Pete started with preliminary training with common naming of stimuli, followed by conditional-discrimination training and testing for emergent relations, and continued with preliminary training on individual naming of stimuli, followed by the same training and testing as described previously. Joe experienced the same conditions but in reversed order. Pete responded in accordance with equivalence in the second round in the condition with common naming. In the first round of testing in the condition with individual naming, he responded in accordance with equivalence. In the condition with individual naming, Joe did not respond in accordance with stimulus equivalence but established all of the directly trained relations during training. In the condition with common naming, he responded in accordance with equivalence in the first round of testing. The results from the experiment support earlier findings that both common and individual naming could facilitate the emergence of equivalence classes.
What’s my age again? Age categories as interactive kinds
Authors: Maung Hane Htut 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses a philosophical problem concerning the ontological status of age classification. For various purposes, people are commonly classified into categories such as “young adulthood”, “middle adulthood”, and “older adulthood”, which are defined chronologically. These age categoriesprima facieseem to qualify as natural kinds under a homeostatic property cluster account of natural kindhood, insofar as they capture certain biological, psychological, and social properties of people that tend to cluster together due to causal processes. However, this is challenged by the observation that age categories are historically unstable. The properties that age categories are supposed to capture are affected by healthcare and cultural developments, such that people are staying biologically, psychologically, and socially young for longer. Furthermore, the act of classifying people into age categories can bring about changes in their behaviors, which in turn alter the biological, psychological, and social properties that the categories are supposed to capture. Accordingly, I propose that age categories are best understood as interactive kinds that are influenced in dynamic ways by looping effects. I consider some implications of these looping effects for our classificatory practices concerning age, including how different disciplines may need to review the ways they define and use age categories in their inductive inferences.
Effekte gesundheitsrelevanter Verhaltensweisen auf die subjektive Erwerbsperspektive älterer Beschäftigter in Deutschland
Authors: Borchart Daniela , du Prel Jean-Baptist , Hasselhorn Hans Martin 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Die subjektive Erwerbsperspektive (EP) gilt als prädiktiv für die realisierte Erwerbsdauer. Inwieweit spezifische gesundheitsrelevante Verhaltensweisen (GVh) mit der EP älterer Beschäftigter assoziiert sind, wurde bislang nicht erforscht. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden die Effekte von körperlicher Aktivität, Übergewicht und Rauchen auf die EP älterer Beschäftigter untersucht.

Material und Methoden
Analysiert wurden Daten von 3368 älteren Erwerbstätigen, die 2018 an der dritten Befragungswelle der repräsentativen lidA-Studie teilnahmen. EP wurde anhand der Selbsteinschätzung, wie lange man glaubt, noch arbeiten zu können, untersucht. Mittels hierarchischer linearer Regressionsmodelle wurden die Effekte der GVh auf die EP kontrolliert für soziodemografische, arbeits- und gesundheitsbezogene Faktoren querschnittlich untersucht. Durch Interaktionstestung wurde das Zusammenspiel unabhängiger Variablen auf die EP geprüft.

Ergebnisse
Körperliche Aktivität und Adipositas waren signifikant mit der EP assoziiert. Regelmäßig körperlich Aktive gehen davon aus, um fünf Monate länger arbeiten zu können als wenig bzw. nicht Aktive. Beschäftigte ohne Übergewicht gehen davon aus, um fünf Monate länger arbeiten zu können als Adipöse. Kontrolliert für die Gesundheit war der Effekt von Adipositas nicht mehr signifikant. Das Rauchverhalten zeigte keinen signifikanten direkten Effekt auf die EP.

Schlussfolgerung
Unsere Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass besonders körperliche Aktivität förderlich für die EP sein kann. Um das Potenzial der spezifischen GVh für die Erwerbsfähigkeit genauer bewerten zu können, sind weitere Untersuchungen notwendig. Betriebliche Akteure sollten die Ergebnisse bei der Planung verhaltens- und verhältnispräventiver Maßnahmen berücksichtigen, um gezielter auf die Bedürfnisse der Beschäftigten, besonders jener mit potenziell kürzerer EP, eingehen zu können.
Incorporating Virtues: A Speech Act Approach to Understanding how Virtues Can Work in Business
Authors: Mei Todd 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOne of the key debates about applying virtue ethics to business is whether or not the aims and values of a business actually prevent the exercise of virtues. Some of the more interesting disagreement in this debate has arisen amongst proponents of virtue ethics. This article analyzes the central issues of this debate in order to advance an alternative way of thinking about how a business can be a form of virtuous practice. Instead of relying on the paired concepts of internal and external goods that define what counts as virtuous, I offer a version of speech act theory taken from Paul Ricoeur to show how a business can satisfy several aims without compromising the exercise of the virtues. I refer to this as a polyvalent approach where a single task within a business can have instrumental, conventional, and imaginative effects. These effects correspond to the locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary dimensions of meaning. I argue that perlocution provides a way in which the moral imagination can discover the moral significance of others that might have not been noticed before, and furthermore, that for such effects to be practiced, they require appropriate virtues. I look at two cases taken from consultation work to thresh out the theoretical and practical detail.
Domestic Support for Foreign Fighting: Attitudes Towards the Use of Violence Abroad
Authors: Løvlien Eline Drury 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study explores the phenomenon of foreign fighting through survey data gathered amongst Norwegian youths in 2015. Looking at two overarching explanatory models the article tests how grievances, criminality and more sectarian and religious factors affect more radical attitudes towards foreign fighting in Syria. Through this the article tests some central individual level factors to see how they impact support for foreign fighting in Syria, while also running alternative methodological approaches to test both the robustness of the initial findings and do some exploratory testing of non-responsive respondents in the multinomial models. The findings find support for factors such as past criminal behaviour and perceived deprivation in the form of self-reported socio-economic position, both of which are significant across the main models and in most of the alternative models. More abstract grievance measures, such as alienation and disillusionment more generally, provide more mixed findings. Hypotheses about a connection between religious identities and religiosity also finds support, with some indications that the sectarian nature of the Syrian civil war has a significant impact on attitudes amongst religious groups across the board. There is also a clearer sectarian dimension when studying those with higher levels of support for foreign fighting in Syria.
Views and experiences of youth participants in a pediatric advisory board for human subjects research
Authors: DSouza Karen N. , Orellana Minerva , Riggan Kirsten A. , Valdez-Soto Miguel , Brockman Tabetha A. , Zavala Rocha Maria Guadalupe , Balls-Berry Joyce E. , Juhn Young , Patten Christi A. , Allyse Megan A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Community Advisory Boards (CABs) are typically comprised of adult community members who provide feedback on health-related, adult-focused research. Few, if any, CABs comprised of youth participants exist. In 2019, a Midwest medical center recruited a diverse group of 18 11–17-year-old community members to a Pediatric Advisory Board (PAB) to provide feedback on the recruitment and involvement of minors in research.

Methods:
Semi-structured interviews with n = 12 PAB members were conducted to understand their experiences and views on participating in the PAB. Parents (n = 7) were interviewed separately to assess the congruence of views on PAB membership between parents and their children. Interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed to identify iterative themes.

Results:
PAB members thought the PAB addressed an unmet need of soliciting feedback from youth to develop age-appropriate study materials and to understand potential concerns of young participants. While PAB members expressed interest in the research topics presented by researchers, a few members indicated barriers to full participation, including lack of self-confidence, anxiety, and discomfort sharing opinions in a group setting. Parents supported their child’s PAB participation and hoped it would help them build confidence in developing and sharing their opinions in ways that were meaningful for them, which PAB members largely reported occurring over their period of involvement.

Conclusion:
Findings from a novel Midwest PAB indicated benefits to PAB members. While contributing to pediatric research planning by providing feedback on recruiting youth and improving study protocols, they gained confidence in providing opinions on biomedical research and developed their scientific literacy.
Who Runs? Canadian Federal and Ontario Provincial Candidates from 1867 to 2019
Authors: Sevi Semra 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWho runs and is elected is one of the most fundamental questions in political science as it pertains to the issue of descriptive representation. Despite the importance of this issue, until recently there were no longitudinal datasets on candidates in Canadian elections. This article presents two novel datasets including information on all candidates who ran in Canadian federal and Ontario provincial elections from 1867 to 2019. I present how these data were collected and how they can be used to gain new insights. I expect these data will be a valuable resource to Canadian political scientists for both research and teaching purposes.
UNITARY FUNCTOR CALCULUS WITH REALITY
Authors: TAGGART NIALL 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe construct a calculus of functors in the spirit of orthogonal calculus, which is designed to study ‘functors with reality’ such as the Real classifying space functor, . The calculus produces a Taylor tower, the n-th layer of which is classified by a spectrum with an action of . We further give model categorical considerations, producing a zigzag of Quillen equivalences between spectra with an action of and a model structure on the category of input functors which captures the homotopy theory of the n-th layer of the Taylor tower.
Review of some Perinereis Kinberg, 1865 (Annelida: Nereididae) species of Group 2 sensu Hutchings, Reid & Wilson, 1991 from the Eastern and South-eastern Asian seas
Authors: Villalobos-Guerrero Tulio F. , Park Taeseo , Idris Izwandy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe present study reviews Perinereis Group 2 species from the Eastern and South-eastern Asian seas based on morphological analysis of the types, non-types and original descriptions, and the use of molecular evidence (COI and 16S rDNA) from newly collected material. These species are characterized by having two bar-shaped paragnaths on pharyngeal area VI, which are often deemed conical when small and pointed, triggering misidentifications as to Neanthes species. New terminology and definition for this particular type of bars are proposed, and the generic position of some resembling Neanthes species is also re-assessed. Five species are transferred to Perinereis: Perinereis babuzai comb. nov., P. belawanensis comb. nov., P. kinmenensis comb. nov., P. shigungensis comb. nov. and P. vitabunda comb. nov. ‘Perinereis aibuhitensis’ species group is newly proposed by encompassing species having proximal dorsal ligule similar throughout the body, dorsal cirri short, and blades of heterogomph falcigers straight with long terminal tooth forming a distinct tendon. Perinereis belawanensis comb. nov., P. linea and P. vitabunda comb. nov. are redescribed. Perinereis linea is regarded as a senior synonym of Nereis (Neanthes) orientalis and Perinereis vancaurica tetradentata based on type material, whereas its exotic status in the Mediterranean Sea is questioned. An identification key to all currently valid species within Perinereis Group 2 is also provided.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in outdoor dogs and cats in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Huertas-López Ana , Sukhumavasi Woraporn , Álvarez-García Gema , Martínez-Subiela Silvia , Cano-Terriza David , Almería Sonia , Dubey Jitender P. , García-Bocanegra Ignacio , Cerón José Joaquín , Martínez-Carrasco Carlos 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii exposure in dogs and cats from Bangkok, Thailand. Blood samples from 318 dogs and 321 cats were tested for T. gondii antibodies by modified agglutination test (cut-off 1:25). Additionally, 18 dogs and 20 cats were longitudinally sampled for T. gondii antibodies during the same study period, between June and July 2019. The overall seroprevalence in dogs and cats was 7.9% (25/318; 95% CI 4.9–10.8%) and 18.7% (95% CI 14.4–23.0%), respectively. For dogs, risk factors identified were being a mixed-breed animal and living totally outdoors, while increasing age was shown to be a risk factor for cats. Seroconversion was not detected and titres from positive animals remained constant over longitudinal study. The present study indicates that there is a prominent presence of T. gondii in urban and peri-urban areas of Bangkok, suggesting that outdoor dogs and cats should be considered as a possible risk factor for humans.
Logos, logic and maximal infinity
Authors: Paseau A. C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent developments in the philosophy of logic suggest that the correct foundational logic is like God in that both are maximally infinite and only partially graspable by finite beings. This opens the door to a new argument for the existence of God, exploiting the link between God and logic through the intermediary of the Logos. This article explores the argument from the nature of God to the nature of logic, and sketches the converse argument from the nature of logic to the existence of God.
ON POLITICAL AUDIENCES: AN ARGUMENT IN FAVOUR OF PREACHING TO THE CHOIR
Authors: Agnon Uri 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA critique of politically engaged art is that gallery-dwellers, concert-goers and theatre-lovers share the same political inclination as the artists. Often known as ‘preaching to the choir’, the critique holds that art's power to challenge and persuade is rendered valueless when it is experienced only by people who already hold the same (typically leftist) ideas. In this article I suggest three distinct yet interconnected responses to this critique: namely, ‘expanding’, ‘galvanising’ and ‘activating’ the choir. In the first part I explore ‘expanding’ and ‘galvanising’ through works by Stefan Prins, Sarah Nicolls, Pamela Z and Soosan Lolavar. In the second half I discuss how I ‘activate’ the choir in my own work.
AGENCY IN COMPOSITIONAL WORKFLOW: HOW YOU WRITE AFFECTS WHAT YOU WRITE
Authors: Barclay Alan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe organising of tools, whether real or virtual, is an essential part of composition that is often overlooked. This article aims to generate a discussion about how a composer's working environment can permeate the compositional process and contribute to or inform their ideations. Central to this understanding, in terms of agency, has been to consider workflow as a subset of Actor–Network Theory. Here, a musical composition is viewed as a multiplicity of relationships between workflow and ideations, and suggests an expanded practice of musical creation that explores the various agencies that shape a composition. Nevertheless, this article is not intended as a comprehensive account, but only, as Bruno Latour would put it, ‘to add in a messy way to a messy account of a messy world’.
Development of Wide Field of View Three-Dimensional Field Ion Microscopy and High-Fidelity Reconstruction Algorithms to the Study of Defects in Nuclear Materials
Authors: Klaes Benjamin , Lardé Rodrigue , Delaroche Fabien , Hatzoglou Constantinos , Parvianien Stefan , Houard Jonathan , Da Costa Gérald , Normand Antoine , Brault Martin , Radiguet Bertrand , Vurpillot François 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Insights into the heat-responsive transcriptional network of tomato contrasting genotypes
Authors: Werghi Sirine , Gharsallah Charfeddine , Bhardwaj Nishi Kant , Fakhfakh Hatem , Gorsane Faten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDuring recent decades, global warming has intensified, altering crop growth, development and survival. To overcome changes in their environment, plants undergo transcriptional reprogramming to activate stress response strategies/pathways. To evaluate the genetic bases of the response to heat stress, Conserved DNA-derived Polymorphism (CDDP) markers were applied across tomato genome of eight cultivars. Despite scattered genotypes, cluster analysis allowed two neighbouring panels to be discriminate. Tomato CDDP-genotypic and visual phenotypic assortment permitted the selection of two contrasting heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive cultivars. Further analysis explored differential expression in transcript levels of genes, encoding heat shock transcription factors (HSFs, HsfA1, HsfA2, HsfB1), members of the heat shock protein (HSP) family (HSP101, HSP17, HSP90) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes (APX1, APX2). Based on discriminating CDDP-markers, a protein functional network was built allowing prediction of candidate genes and their regulating miRNA. Expression patterns analysis revealed that miR156d and miR397 were heat-responsive showing a typical inverse relation with the abundance of their target gene transcripts. Heat stress is inducing a set of candidate genes, whose expression seems to be modulated through a complex regulatory network. Integrating genetic resource data is required for identifying valuable tomato genotypes that can be considered in marker-assisted breeding programmes to improve tomato heat tolerance.
Rural consumer response to a food distribution innovation that connects farmers, retailers, and buyers
Authors: van Vlaanderen Zoe , Sitaker Marilyn , Wang Weiwei , Kolodinsky Jane 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Farm Fresh Food Box (F3B) strategy is a hybrid of direct-to-consumer (DTC) and short value chain models that aims to stimulate rural economies, creates an additional sales avenue for small farmers, provides rural grocery stores with increased foot traffic and overcomes barriers for rural consumers who are unable to access local food. The F3B project is a tri-state collaboration of extension and research partners from three states; two on the West Coast and one in the Northeast United States, involving small farmers and retailers from rural communities. This article analyzes F3B consumer surveys from 2 years of project implementation and contributes to the limited body of research on food box models by identifying benefits and barriers of the F3B strategy for consumers, comparing these findings to existing research on food box programs and other DTC market channels, and discussing implications for future model adjustment. Overall, consumers were pleased with all aspects of the F3B. However, the strategy had limited success with reaching a new demographic of local food consumers.
Investigation of de-embedding techniques applied on uni-traveling carrier photodiodes
Authors: Konstantinou Dimitrios , Caillaud Christophe , Rommel Simon , Johannsen Ulf , Tafur Monroy Idelfonso 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe generation and transmission of millimeter-wave signals for 5G applications require the use of broadband and high output power photodetectors to bridge from the optical and electronic domains. Therefore, the deep knowledge on the equivalent circuit characteristics of these devices is vital. This study reviews and analyzes de-embedding techniques contributing to the characterization of the physical aspects within the active region of uni-traveling carrier photodiodes. De-embedding methods analytically remove the parasitic effects of the electrical transmission lines connected to their active area allowing the extraction of their series resistance and junction capacitance toward the synthesis of an equivalent circuit with lumped elements. The open-short technique is examined and a systematic error introduced by this process underlines the vulnerability of the method on removing parasitics with higher complexity. This error is quantified leading to the implementation of a corrected equation converging with the characteristic features of an $S$-parameter-based de-embedding. These characteristics are also analyzed through simulation approaches showing minimal equivalent inaccuracies on eliminating more complex symmetrical parasitics. A thorough comparison between these three methods is conducted through the calculation of lumped components corresponding to the active region of diodes with different sizes.