bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cost-analysis study of using adult red cell packs and Pedi-Packs in newborn intensive care units in Southern Iran
Authors: Haghpanah Sezaneh , Miladi Shima , Zamani Ali , Abadi Ali Mohammad Keshtvarz Hesam , Gholami Marjan , Gholami Maryam 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and objectiveSaving blood products is an important public health issue especially in developing countries with limited financial resources. We aimed to suggest a new hypothetical model to make a change in the current blood transfusion policy in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) to reduce wastage of blood supplies as well as the risk of exposure to multiple donors.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, all transfused neonates (n = 70) who were admitted to NICU of Nemazee Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in Southern Iran, were evaluated between March and June 2019. Based on the information of neonates’ transfusion during this study period and determined transfusion indices, a specific pediatric pack was suggested and the related total costs per transfusion, as well as the donor-exposure rate of the hypothetical and the current transfusion method, were compared.ResultsConsidering the mean number of transfusions per neonate: 4 and mean volume of transfused packed red cells: 20 ml per transfusion, the cost-analysis of pediatric and the adult pack was presented. Arithmetically, we proved a higher total cost per transfusion for using adult pack comparing to pediatric pack. Additionally, using a pediatric pack set leads to a 24% reduction in RBCs wastage per transfusion and a 68.13% reduction in donor-exposure rate.ConclusionsThe assignment of a dedicated pediatric pack for neonates will be able to improve the cost-effectiveness by a substantial reduction in donor-exposure rate and blood wastage. This finding should be taken into consideration to generate economic growth and make improvements in child health status.
Antibiotics-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis caused behavioral alternations and neuronal activation in different brain regions in mice
Authors: Wang Pan , Tu Ke , Cao Peng , Yang Yuefan , Zhang Hao , Qiu Xin-Tong , Zhang Ming-Ming , Wu Xiao-Jun , Yang Hui , Chen Tao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAntibiotics affect gut microbial composition, leading to Gut–Brain-Axis imbalance and neurobehavioral changes. However, the intestinal dysbacteriosis associated behavior changes are not consistently reported. It is not clear whether these changes are transient or permanent. The neuroprotective effect of probiotics against intestinal dysbacteriosis induced alternations needs to be determined either. In the present study, oral antibiotic mixture including Ampicillin, Streptomycin, and Clindamycin was utilized to induce intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice. Antibiotics application triggered mechanical allodynia in von frey test and spontaneous pain in open field test. It also resulted in increased anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and damaged spatial memory performance. After application of probiotics, the mechanical allodynia and spontaneous pain were alleviated significantly. The anxiety behaviors, depressive-like behaviors and recognitive performance were ameliorative as well. By using Fos protein as a marker, it is found that the sensory, emotion and memory related brain regions were activated in mice with intestinal dysbacteriosis. Our study is not only helpful for enriching our basic knowledge for understanding the changed pain responses and related brain disorders in antibiotics-induced dysbacteriosis mice, but also beneficial for providing a more comprehensive mechanistic explanation for the regulation of antibiotics and probiotics on gut microbiota and relevant alternations in animal neurological behaviors.
Targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase using non-covalent inhibitors in B cell malignancies
Authors: Gu Danling , Tang Hanning , Wu Jiazhu , Li Jianyong , Miao Yi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractB cell receptor (BCR) signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of B cell malignancies. Activation of BCR signaling promotes the survival and proliferation of malignant B cells. Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a key component of BCR signaling, establishing BTK as an important therapeutic target. Several covalent BTK inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy in the treatment of B cell malignancies, especially chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, acquired resistance to covalent BTK inhibitors is not rare in B cell malignancies. A major mechanism for the acquired resistance is the emergence of BTK cysteine 481 (C481) mutations, which disrupt the binding of covalent BTK inhibitors. Additionally, adverse events due to the off-target inhibition of kinases other than BTK by covalent inhibitors are common. Alternative therapeutic options are needed if acquired resistance or intolerable adverse events occur. Non-covalent BTK inhibitors do not bind to C481, therefore providing a potentially effective option to patients with B cell malignancies, including those who have developed resistance to covalent BTK inhibitors. Preliminary clinical studies have suggested that non-covalent BTK inhibitors are effective and well-tolerated. In this review, we discussed the rationale for the use of non-covalent BTK inhibitors and the preclinical and clinical studies of non-covalent BTK inhibitors in B cell malignancies.
The usability of Jordan stillbirths and neonatal deaths surveillance (JSANDS) system: results of focus group discussions
Authors: Khader Yousef S. , Shattnawi Khulood K. , Al-Sheyab Nihaya , Alyahya Mohammad , Batieha Anwar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Jordan Stillbirths and Neonatal Deaths Surveillance system (JSANDS) is a newly developed system and is currently implemented in five large hospitals in Jordan. This study aimed at exploring the healthcare professionals’ perception about the usability of JSANDS.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative approach, using focus group discussions, was adopted. A total of 5 focus groups including 23 focal points were conducted in five participating hospitals in Jordan.

Results
Data analysis identified nine main issues related to the JSANDS system: the system usefulness, the system performance, data quality, the system limitations, human rights, female empowerment, nurses’ competencies strengthened, the sustainability of the JSANDS, and COVID-19 impact on the system. Users reported that JSANDS data were useful, the system was simple and easy to use, and the data were accurate and complete. However, some users reported that some technical issues need to be enhanced.

Conclusions
JSANDS was perceived positively by the current users. According to them, it provides a formative and comprehensive data on stillbirths and neonatal deaths and their causes, and therefore, was recommended to be adopted by its users and scaled up.
Psuedo static stability analysis of rock slope using patton’s shear criterion
Authors: Metya Subhadeep , Chaudhary Neeraj , Sharma Keshav Kumar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA deterministic model for the factor of safety of an idealized rock mass for planar mode of failure is developed adopting Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) using Patton’s shear strength criterion and considering practically occurring conditions such as the effect of tension crack, water filled up in tension crack, horizontal and vertical seismic acceleration, rock bolt stabilizing force and surcharge. In the Pseudo-static analysis horizontal seismic acceleration is taken outward from the slope and vertical seismic acceleration is considered in both the direction i.e. towards the direction of gravity (downward) and opposite to the direction of gravity (upward). An expression of normal stresses as limiting criterion has been derived in order to compare the field normal stresses along the failure surface. A detailed parametric study has been presented to investigate the influence of vertical seismic coefficient for both the direction on the stability of rock slope using developed expression. For high normal stress along the failure plane, it is observed that the factor of safety decreases with increase in the value of vertical seismic coefficient towards the direction of gravity and increases linearly with increase in the value of vertical seismic coefficient against the direction of gravity and the opposite trend has been found for lower normal stress. The vertical seismic coefficient against the direction of gravity has predominant effect on factor of safety of rock slope as the rate of increase/decrease of factor of safety with vertical seismic coefficient is more against the direction of gravity. Hence in determining the critical factor of safety, effect of vertical seismic coefficient against the direction of gravity should be considered.
Self-efficacy and humanitarian aid workers
Authors: Turner Christine R. , Bosch Donald , Nolty Anne A. T. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs a result of frequent exposure to trauma, aid workers are at high risk for negative psychological symptoms. Training specifically geared at fostering critical incident self-efficacy in humanitarian aid workers may bolster critical incident self-efficacy as well as general self-efficacy as they relate to experiences of traumatic symptomatology and resilience. Sixty-three aid workers completed questionnaires regarding efficacy, resilience, coping, and posttraumatic stress symptomatology at baseline, and 46 aid workers completed the same measures after the training workshop. Multiple regression analysis indicated that higher levels of self-efficacy related to higher resilience levels. General self-efficacy and critical incident coping self-efficacy (CICSE) were stronger after the training, even when controlling for histories of trauma. Histories of trauma contributed significant variance to CICSE before the training but were insignificant after the training. These findings suggest that aid organizations can support their workers by providing training that promotes resilience through enhancing efficacies.
Experiences of patients who developed oral mucositis during solid neoplasms treatment: a Ugandan qualitative study
Authors: Kamulegeya Adriane , Nakanjako Damalie , Orem Jackson , Mayanja-Kizza Harriet 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Research on the management of complications of chemotherapy is important in facilitating the growing approaches to individualized patient management. Hence the need to document patient’s perspectives about chemotherapy-induced mucositis and the support they need from cancer care teams.

Methods
We carried out a qualitative study using in-depth interviews (IDI) and focus group discussions (FGD). We collected patient’s experiences on chemotherapy-induced mucositis by conducting 5 FGD and 13 IDIs.

Results
One glaring improvement that we need to make is the provision of information and counseling before, during, and after chemotherapy. Additionally, we need to explore inexpensive mucositis preventive strategies to aid our patients as they undergo treatment.

Conclusion
As a country, we must move away from taking cancer patients’ needs as those of common tropical diseases. This will allow us to provide that extra help needed outside the usual diagnosis and administration of medication.
Implementation of prostate cancer treatment decision aid in Michigan: a qualitative study
Authors: Paudel Roshan , Ferrante Stephanie , Woodford Jessica , Maitland Conrad , Stockall Eric , Maatman Thomas , Lane Giulia I. , Berry Donna L. , Sales Anne E. , Montie James E. ,   for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The American Urological Association White Paper on Implementation of Shared Decision Making (SDM) into Urological Practice suggested SDM represents the state of the art in counseling for patients who are faced with difficult or uncertain medical decisions. The Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC) implemented a decision aid, Personal Patient Profile-Prostate (P3P), in 2018 to help newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients make shared decisions with their clinicians. We conducted a qualitative study to assess statewide implementation of P3P throughout MUSIC.

Methods
We recruited urologists and staff from 17 MUSIC practices (8 implementation and 9 comparator practices) to understand how practices engaged patients on treatment discussions and to assess facilitators and barriers to implementing P3P. Interview guides were developed based on the Tailored Interventions for Chronic Disease (TICD) Framework. Interviews were transcribed for analysis and coded independently by two investigators in NVivo, PRO 12. Additionally, quantitative program data were integrated into thematic analyses.

Results
We interviewed 15 urologists and 11 staff from 16 practices. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts indicated three key themes including the following: (i) P3P is compatible as a SDM tool as over 80% of implementation urologists asked patients to complete the P3P questionnaire routinely and used P3P reports during treatment discussions; (ii) patient receptivity was demonstrated by 370 (50%) of newly diagnosed patients (n = 737) from 8 practices enrolled in P3P with 78% completion rate, which accounts for 39% of all newly diagnosed patients in these practices; and (iii) urologists’ attitudes towards SDM varied. Over a third of urologists stated they did not rely on a decision aid. Comparator practices indicated habit, inertia, or concerns about clinic flow as reasons for not adopting P3P and some were unconvinced a decision aid is needed in their practice.

Conclusion
Urologists and staff affiliated with MUSIC implementation sites indicated that P3P focuses the treatment discussion on items that are important to patients. Experiences of implementation practices indicate that once initiated, there were no negative effects on clinic flow and urologists indicated P3P saves time during patient counseling, as patients were better prepared for focused discussions. Lack of awareness, personal habits, and inertia are reasons for not implementing P3P among the comparator practices.
Thyroid Hormones Regulate Goblet Cell Differentiation and Fgf19-Fgfr4 Signaling
Authors: Blitz Einat , Matsuda Hiroki , Guenther Stefan , Morikawa Takuto , Kubota Yukihiko , Zada David , Lerer-Goldshtein Tali , Stainier Didier Y R , Appelbaum Lior 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHypothyroidism is a common pathological condition characterized by insufficient activity of the thyroid hormones (THs), thyroxine (T4), and 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3), in the whole body or in specific tissues. Hypothyroidism is associated with inadequate development of the intestine as well as gastrointestinal diseases. We used a zebrafish model of hypothyroidism to identify and characterize TH-modulated genes and cellular pathways controlling intestine development. In the intestine of hypothyroid juveniles and adults, the number of mucus-secreting goblet cells was reduced, and this phenotype could be rescued by T3 treatment. Transcriptome profiling revealed dozens of differentially expressed genes in the intestine of hypothyroid adults compared to controls. Notably, the expression of genes encoding to Fgf19 and its receptor Fgfr4 was markedly increased in the intestine of hypothyroid adults, and treatment with T3 normalized it. Blocking fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling, using an inducible dominant-negative Fgfr transgenic line, rescued the number of goblet cells in hypothyroid adults. These results show that THs inhibit the Fgf19-Fgfr4 signaling pathway, which is associated with inhibition of goblet cell differentiation in hypothyroidism. Both the TH and Fgf19-Fgfr4 signaling pathways can be pharmaceutical targets for the treatment of TH-related gastrointestinal diseases.
Concluding discussion: key themes in the (possible) move to co-production and co-creation in public management
Authors: Ferlie Ewan 
Published: March 2021

The articles in this special issue add to a rapidly developing literature on co-creation in public services management. This final article focuses what might otherwise be a wide ranging discussion by addressing core themes proposed in the special issue’s introduction. We consider:

basic definitions of co-production and co-creation; the claim of a possible move from lower order co-production to higher level co-creation;
the link with different models of strategic management, why strategic management is important and which models are promising;
the potential role of digitalisation in the move to co-production and co-creation;
the possible link with co-creation informed innovation which contributes to the pursuit of public value outcomes.

We examine the potential role of strategic management along with the nature of any ‘metagovernance’ of associated policy networks. The conclusion makes general observations and considers future research direction.
Thermal Properties of the Graphene Composites: Application of Thermal Interface Materials
Authors: Mohamed Mazlan , Nazri Omar Mohd , Shaiful Ashrul Ishak Mohamad , Rahman Rozyanty , Y.N Zaiazmin , Ismael Rizman Zairi 
Published: March 2021

Epoxy mixed with others filler for thermal interface material (TIM) had been well conducted and developed. There are problem occurs when previous material were used as matrix material likes epoxy that has non-uniform thickness of thermal interface material produce, time taken for solidification and others. Thermal pad or thermal interface material using graphene as main material to overcome the existing problem and at the same time to increase thermal conductivity and thermal contact resistance. Three types of composite graphene were used for thermal interface material in this research. The sample that contain 10 wt. %, 20 wt. % and 30 wt. % of graphene was used with different contain of graphene oxide (GO). The thermal conductivity of thermal interface material is both measured and it was found that the increase of amount of graphene used will increase the thermal conductivity of thermal interface material. The highest thermal conductivity is 12.8 W/ (mK) with 30 w. % graphene. The comparison between the present thermal interface material and other thermal interface material show that this present graphene-epoxy is an excellent thermal interface material in increasing thermal conductivity.
Big Data Analysis of Web Data Extraction
Authors: Ibrahim Nadia , Hassan Alaa , Nihad Marwah 
Published: March 2021

In this study, the large data extraction techniques; include detection of patterns and secret relationships between factors numbering and bring in the required information. Rapid analysis of massive data can lead to innovation and concepts of the theoretical value. Compared with results from mining between traditional data sets and the vast amount of large heterogeneous data interdependent it has the ability expand the knowledge and ideas about the target domain. We studied in this research data mining on the Internet. The various networks that are used to extract data onto different locations complex may appear sometimes and has been used to extract information on the web technology to extract and data analysis (Marwah et al., 2016). In this research, we extracted the information on large quantities of the web pages and examined the pages of the site using Java code, and we added the extracted information on a special database for the web page. We used the data network function to get accurate results of evaluating and categorizing the data pages found, which identifies the trusted web or risky web pages, and imported the data onto a CSV extension. Consequently, examine and categorize these data using WEKA to obtain accurate results. We concluded from the results that the applied data mining algorithms are better than other techniques in classification and extraction of data and high performance.
An evolutionary design of weighted minimum networks for four points in the three-dimensional Euclidean space
Authors: Zachos Anastasios N. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We find the equations of the two interior nodes (weighted Fermat–Torricelli points) with respect to the weighted Steiner problem for four points determining a tetrahedron in

R
3

\mathbb{R}^{3}

.
Furthermore, by applying the solution with respect to the weighted Steiner problem for a boundary tetrahedron, we calculate the twist angle between the two weighted Steiner planes formed by one edge and the line defined by the two weighted Fermat–Torricelli points and a non-neighboring edge and the line defined by the two weighted Fermat–Torricelli points.
By applying the plasticity principle of quadrilaterals starting from a weighted Fermat–Torricelli tree for a boundary triangle (monad) in the sense of Leibniz, established in [A. N. Zachos, A plasticity principle of convex quadrilaterals on a convex surface of bounded specific curvature, Acta Appl. Math.
129 (2014), 81–134], we develop an evolutionary scheme of a weighted network for a boundary tetrahedron in

R
3

\mathbb{R}^{3}

.
By introducing the inverse weighted Steiner network with two interior nodes built by two different quantities of the subconscious (remaining weights) for boundary tetrahedra, we describe the evolution of a weighted network with two nodes that have inherited a subconscious.
The cancellation of the dynamic plasticity of these weighted networks may be applied to the creation of evolutionary scenarios, in order to prevent the development of a quadrilateral or tetrahedral virus (a monad that has got a subconscious) and the cancerogenesis of quadrilateral cells.
We continue by giving the plasticity equations for a generalized weighted minimum network with two nodes that have got a subconscious whose vertices are replaced by Euclidean spheres.
This evolutionary approach may be applied to the determination of the bond strengths of molecular structures between atoms in the sense of Pauling.
We obtain the analytical solutions of the weighted Fermat–Torricelli problem for the case of pairs of equal weights or one pair of equal weights.
We consider as a DNA-like chain a sequence of tetrahedra whose vertices possess some symmetrical weights.
By calculating the twist angles of each sequence and by applying the weighted Fermat–Torricelli tree structures with symmetrical weights or weighted Steiner tree structures, we may approximate the curve axis of a DNA-like tree chain.
Finally, we construct a minimum tree, which is not a minimal Steiner tree for some boundary symmetric tetrahedra in

R
3

\mathbb{R}^{3}

, which has two interior nodes with equal weights having the property that the common perpendicular of some two opposite edges passes through their midpoints.
We prove that the length of this minimum tree may have length less than the length of the full Steiner tree for the same boundary symmetric tetrahedra, under some angular conditions.