bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Analysis Reveals No Significant Correlation Between p16/CDKN2A Expression and Treatment Outcomes in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Nguyen Helen Hieu , Gupta Ishita , Cellini Ashley , Papadimitriou John C. , Mehra Ranee , Gaykalova Daria A. , Witek Matthew E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe p16/CDKN2A protein is being explored as an independent prognostic marker in laryngeal cancer, with studies suggesting that p16‐positive patients may have a better prognosis. While its role is well‐established in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) related to HPV, ongoing research indicates its potential prognostic value in laryngeal cancer, even in HPV‐negative cases.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the association between survival outcomes and p16 expression in a cohort of 310 laryngeal cancer patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Program and the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC).ResultsIn the TCGA cohort, patients with high p16 protein expression had a significantly higher probability of disease‐free survival (DFS) at 89%, compared to 51% in the low p16 protein group (p = 0.0266). Additionally, the mean relative p16 protein expression decreased significantly with advancing TNM stage, measured at 1.116 for stage II, 1.075 for stage III, and 0.6204 for stage IV (p = 0.7871 for stage II vs. stage III, p = 0.0065 for stage III vs. stage IV, p = 0.0031 for stage I vs. stage IV). Protein expression for p16 also correlated with CDKN2A retention/deletion status (p = 0.0077), where the DFS was higher in patients with retained CDKN2A than those with deleted CDKN2A (p = 0.0187). Multivariate analysis of the UMMC and TCGA cohorts revealed that both an increase in the patient's age and higher T stage significantly increased the risk of mortality (p = 0.05, p = 0.01, respectively).ConclusionWhile this study observes trends suggesting that low p16 protein expression is associated with longer DFS and advanced TNM stage in laryngeal cancer, the multivariate analysis did not establish p16 as an independent prognostic factor. These findings suggest that while p16 may have a biological role in tumor progression, its utility as a standalone prognostic marker in clinical outcomes requires further validation.
Athletic field paint reduces carbohydrate content in bermudagrass
Authors: Segars Chrissie A. , Moss Justin Quetone , Martin Dennis L. , Wu Yanqi , Maness Niels O. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe application of athletic field paint is a common practice on athletic fields all over the world. However, field managers have reported damaging effects of athletic field paint on turfgrass health. The objectives of this study were: (1) compare three LI‐COR® photosynthesis measurement chambers for accuracy, stability, and ease of use. and (2) to investigate the impact of athletic field paint applications on turfgrass carbohydrate content. White and black athletic field paint was applied once a week for 4 weeks to “Latitude 36” bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy], and changes in turfgrass carbohydrate content were measured. To compare LI‐COR® chambers, a LI‐COR® 6400XT short and tall canopy chamber and an extended reach chamber was used. The short canopy LI‐COR® chamber was the most efficient measurement device when tested among a tall canopy chamber and an extended reach chamber. Water‐soluble carbohydrate content was quantified using a high‐performance liquid chromatography system. White and black paint reduced leaf water‐soluble carbohydrate content by 40.5% and 68.8%, respectively, compared to the untreated control over the 4‐week study.
Computing Accurate & Reliable Rovibrational Spectral Data for Aluminum‐Bearing Molecules
Authors: Palmer C. Zachary , Firth Rebecca A. , Fortenberry Ryan C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe difficulty of quantum chemically computing vibrational, rotational, and rovibrational reference data via quartic force fields (QFFs) for molecules containing aluminum appears to be alleviated herein using a hybrid approach based upon CCSD(T)‐F12b/cc‐pCVTZ further corrected for conventional CCSD(T) scalar relativity within the harmonic terms and simple CCSD(T)‐F12b/cc‐pVTZ for the cubic and quartic terms: the F12‐TcCR+TZ QFF. Aluminum containing molecules are theorized to participate in significant chemical processes in both the Earth's upper atmosphere as well as within circumstellar and interstellar media. However, experimental data for the identification of these molecules are limited, showcasing the potential for quantum chemistry to contribute significant amounts of spectral reference data. Unfortunately, current methods for the computation of rovibrational spectral data have been shown previously to exhibit large errors for aluminum‐containing molecules. In this work, ten different methods are benchmarked to determine a method to produce experimentally‐accurate rovibrational data for theorized aluminum species. Of the benchmarked methods, the explicitly correlated, hybrid F12‐TcCR+TZ QFF consistently produces the most accurate results compared to both gas‐phase and Ar‐matrix experimental data. This method combines the accuracy of the composite F12‐TcCR energies along with the numerical stability of non‐composite anharmonic terms where the non‐rigid nature of aluminum bonding can be sufficiently treated.
ATP‐Binding Cassette Transporter Genes and microRNAs in Pediatric B‐Cell ALL: Expression Insights
Authors: Nekouian Reza , Faranoush Pooya , Khesali Fatemeh , Shams Parisa , Foroughi‐Gilvaee Mohammad Reza , Sadighnia Negin , Azad Dorsa Fallah , Ehsani MohammadAli , Faranoush Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAcute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), characterized by uncontrolled growth of abnormal lymphocytes, predominantly affects children. Genetic analysis focusing on genes and microRNAs reveals important information about the biology of ALL, enabling accurate diagnosis and treatment. This study examines gene and microRNA expression in B cell ALL to improve early diagnosis and personalized treatment.MethodsBone marrow samples were collected from patients both before and after the induction phase of chemotherapy. Comprehensive diagnostic techniques including flow cytometry, molecular assays, real‐time PCR for common translocations, karyotyping, and complete blood count (CBC) analysis were employed. These methods were utilized to determine the type and risk assessment of ALL, identify specific gene and microRNA expressions, and measure blood cell counts.ResultsThe study comprised 12 patients, all under the age of 18. Post‐treatment RT‐PCR analysis revealed significant reductions in the expression of the ABCB1 gene, miR‐129‐5p, and miR‐9‐5p following the induction phase of chemotherapy. Karyotype analysis indicated that two patients were hypodiploid; unfortunately, both of these patients did not survive.ConclusionMicroRNAs and ABC genes serve as predictive and prognostic biomarkers in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and should be carefully reconsidered. It is more accurate to state that while microRNAs and ABC genes may potentially influence treatment response in ALL, further research is crucial to fully understand their roles in determining treatment outcomes.
Association Between Thromboelastography and Coagulation for Disease Severity Evaluation in Patients With Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans
Authors: Huang Zhen , Feng Zibo , Bai Xiangli , Wang Xingxing , Wang Pengyun , Xiong Liang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThromboelastography (TEG) and coagulation tests can be used to detect hypercoagulability to assess thrombus formation. This study explored the association between TEG and coagulation in evaluating disease severity in elderly patients with lower extremity arteriosclerotic occlusive disease (LEASO), aimed to provide surgical treatment guideline.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, laboratory biomarkers, TEG and coagulation parameters of 233 elderly LEASO patients treated between 2020 and 2023. Among them, 86 underwent surgical amputation, 51 received vascular intervention, and the remaining were treated conservatively. Differences in TEG and coagulation among the three groups were assessed using Spearman's correlation. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves analyzed the relationships among TEG, fibrinogen (FIB), and D‐dimer (D‐D) levels for surgical evaluation.ResultsInflammatory factors, platelet counts, and Fontaine stages III‐IV differed significantly between the surgery and conservative groups (p < 0.05). The surgery group had higher α‐angle, maximum amplitude (MA), coagulation comprehensive index (CI), FIB, and D‐D, whereas lower clotting time (K) compared to the conservative group (p < 0.05), correlated with a lower ankle brachial index (ABI), indicating more severe clinical presentation. Spearman's analysis identified positive associations between α‐angle, MA with FIB and D‐D levels in surgical patients. Area under curve analysis indicated that combining MA, α‐angle, FIB, and D‐D could enhance accuracy in evaluating surgical necessity in LEASO.ConclusionIn elderly LEASO patients, TEG and coagulation analysis revealed a positive association between thrombus intensity and disease severity. Increased MA, α‐angle, FIB, and D‐D levels serve as predictors for surgical treatment necessity in LEASO.
Comparative Prognostic Value of Glomerular Filtration Rate, Serum Cystatin C, Beta‐2‐Microglobulin and Albuminuria for Death and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression
Authors: Cerezo Isis , Cancho Barbara , Rodriguez Sabillon Jorge Alberto , Jorge Alberto , Alvarez Lopez Alvaro , Valladares Julian , Lopez Gomez Juan , Romero Jorge , Robles Nicolas Roberto 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsSerum creatinine and albuminuria are the core of most CKD prediction and progression risk models. Several biomarkers have been introduced to improve these results such as beta‐2‐microglobulin (B2M) and cystatin C (CysC). Nevertheless, few clinical comparisons of these biomarkers are available. We have compared serum B2M levels with albuminuria, CysC levels, and the CKD‐EPI GFR equations.Designs and MethodsA sample of 434 patients were studied: 234 males and 200 females, the mean age was 58.3 ± 15.0 years, and 33.4% have diabetes mellitus. In all patients, plasma B2M, CysC, creatinine, and urinary albumin excretion were analyzed. EGFR was calculated using CKD‐EPI equations for creatinine, CysC, and creatinine‐CysC. The risk of death and CKD progression was evaluated using ROC curves and Cox proportional hazards survivorship models.ResultsFor mortality, the highest area under the curve (AUC) was for CysC (0.775, 0.676–0.875). The lowest sensitivity was shown by eGFR (creatinine) (0.298, 0.195–0.401, p < 0.001), eGFR (CysC) (0.216, 0.118–0.314, p < 0.001), and eGFR (creatinine + CysS) (0.218, 0.124–0.312, p < 0.001). For progression to advanced CKD, the highest AUC was for CysC (0.908, 0.862–0.954). The lowest sensitivity was shown by eGFR (creatinine) (0.184, 0.106–0.261, p < 0.001), eGFR (CysC) (0.095, 0.048–0.14, p < 0.001), and eGFR (creatinine+ CysC) (0.087, 0.040–0.134, p < 0.001). CysC, after age, was the second‐best marker of life risk. Contrariwise, for CKD progression, CysC, and albuminuria were the best markers.ConclusionsThe best biomarker of mortality and risk of progression to CKD was CysC. Albuminuria and B2M were the next best options to be used. The lowest sensitivity was shown by estimated eGFR.
Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Platinum Disposition in Cancer Patients Receiving Cisplatin and Randomized to 5‐HT3 Antagonist Antiemetic Drugs
Authors: Thompson Lauren E. , Ghimire Avisek , Wen Xia , Kim Christine , Doherty Cathleen L. , Buckley Brian T. , Bowles Daniel W. , O'Bryant Cindy L. , Jaimes Edgar A. , Aleksunes Lauren M. , Joy Melanie S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCisplatin is a platinum‐based chemotherapeutic drug used to treat many types of cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model that incorporates plasma unbound and bound platinum levels. Cancer patients undergoing their first or second cycle of cisplatin‐containing chemotherapy (n = 33) were prospectively randomized to receive a 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT3) antagonist (5‐HT3A) antiemetic (ondansetron, granisetron, or palonosetron) followed by blood collection over 10 days. Total and unbound platinum levels were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Plasma concentrations of bound and unbound platinum were used to develop a nonlinear mixed‐effect pharmacokinetic model in Phoenix NLME (v8.3, Certara Inc.). A stepwise search was used to screen covariates that influenced pharmacokinetic parameters. A compartment for bound platinum was added to a two‐compartment unbound platinum model to create a combined platinum model. The volume of the central compartment for unbound platinum (V1_u) was significantly impacted by previous cisplatin exposure and the intercompartmental clearance of unbound platinum (CL2_u) was significantly influenced by concomitant lorazepam use. The models also suggested ondansetron‐ and granisetron‐treated subjects had a 331% and 114% increase, respectively, in circulating exposures to unbound platinum than palonosetron‐treated subjects. The results suggest platinum pharmacokinetics are altered by concomitant 5‐HT3A antiemetic use, concomitant lorazepam use, and previous exposure to cisplatin. Ondansetron and granisetron co‐treatment increased unbound platinum exposure compared to palonosetron co‐treatment, suggesting that palonosetron may be a preferred 5‐HT3A to reduce the risk of cisplatin‐induced kidney injury.
A Morphospace Exploration Using a General Model of Development Reveals a Basic Set of Morphologies for Early Animal Development and Evolution
Authors: Cano‐Fernández Hugo , Brun‐Usan Miguel , Tissot Tazzio , Salazar‐Ciudad Isaac 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWhat morphologies are more likely to appear during evolution is a central question in zoology. Here we offer a novel approach to this question based on first developmental principles. We assumed that morphogenesis results from the genetic regulation of cell properties and behaviors (adhesion, contraction, etc.). We used EmbryoMaker, a general model of development that can simulate any gene network regulating cell properties and behaviors, the mechanical interactions and signaling between cells and the morphologies arising from those. We created spherical initial conditions with anterior and dorsal territories. We performed simulations changing the cell properties and behaviors regulated in these territories to explore which morphologies may have been possible. Thus, we obtained a set of the most basic animal morphologies that can be developmentally possible assuming very simple induction and morphogenesis. Our simulations suggest that elongation, invagination, evagination, condensation and anisotropic growth are the morphogenetic transformations more likely to appear from changes in cell properties and behaviors. We also found some parallels between our simulations and the morphologies of simple animals, some early stages of animal development and fossils attributed to early animals.
Biodegradation of Organophosphorus Insecticides by Bacillus Species Isolated From Soil
Authors: Muthukumaravel Subramanian , Sivalaxmi Balakrishnan , Nagarajan Shriram Ananganallur , Sivakumar Natesan , Kumar Ashwani , Hoti Sugeerappa Laxmanappa 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the biodegradation of methyl parathion, an organophosphate pesticide used in paddy fields. Microbial degradation transforms toxic pesticides into less harmful compounds, influenced by the microbial community in the soil. To isolate different microbial colonies, soil samples from an organophosphorus‐treated groundnut field were plated on nutrient agar and MSM with 1% glucose and 0.25 mM methyl parathion. Biodegradation efficiency was determined by estimating the OP hydrolase enzyme activity spectrophotometrically. HPLC was used to quantify residual methyl parathion concentrations in the culture medium. The identified isolate effectively degraded methyl parathion in MSM with 0.25 mM methyl parathion which showed peak hydrolase activity (2.02 µmol/min/mg) after 96 h of incubation and the residual methyl parathion level was determined as 6.2 µmol by HPLC quantification. The efficient isolate was identified as Bacillus cereus by using a 16S rRNA molecular marker and the sequence was subjected to MEGA11 phylogenetic tree construction. The results show that the SM6 clade shared with B. cereus 16S rRNA sequence. B. cereus (SM6) showed substantial enzyme activity and the specific reported opdA gene‐coded protein is involved in ATP hydrolysis. This OP hydrolase makes it a strong candidate for bioremediation of methyl parathion. Molecular analysis suggested that the opdA gene, likely chromosomally located, plays a key role in degradation, with potential involvement of the “Cell division protein FtsK” gene responsible for hydrolase activity. Organophosphorus compounds, widely used in agriculture, pose environmental concerns due to their persistence. This study focuses on isolating pesticide‐degrading bacteria to expedite bioremediation, aiming for efficient degradation. This study highlights the cross‐adaptation phenomenon, where B. cereus strains degrade similar compounds, improving bioremediation strategies.
New Onset Diabetes in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Does Not Correlate With Molecular Subtype
Authors: Trembath Hannah E. , LaBella Michelle E. , Kearney Joseph F. , Hariharan Arthi , Zarmer Sandra , Nabors Mariaelena , McCabe Ian , Zhao Ryan T. , Meyers Michael , Kim Hong Jin , Yeh Jen Jen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesStudies show that new onset diabetes mellitus (DM) (NOD) predates the diagnosis of PDAC by up to 2 years. Two tumor‐intrinsic molecular subtypes of PDAC that are prognostic and predictive of chemotherapy response have been described and validated. We hypothesize that patients with NOD may have different molecular subtypes and prognoses.MethodsThis is a single‐institution study of patients who underwent resection for PDAC from 2009 to 2022 with de‐identified samples available for sequencing. Demographic and clinical factors were examined using bivariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 97 patients met inclusion criteria: 70 with no history of DM, 11 with longstanding DM (> 2 years), and 16 with NOD. The demographics between groups were overall similar. After controlling for age, sex, race, BMI, and tobacco history, NOD was not a significant predictor of PDAC subtype. There were no survival differences between groups. Transcriptomic analysis suggests the upregulation of inflammatory and immune activation and regulation pathways in NOD.ConclusionsAs continued interest in NOD and PDAC mounts, we are the first to examine if NOD may be associated with molecular subtypes and outcomes. Further investigation into the underlying pathophysiology of the NOD group is still needed.
A simple approach to quantifying whole‐lake methane ebullition and sedimentary methane production, and its application to the Canadian Lake Pulse dataset
Authors: Kim Jihyeon , Thottathil Shoji D. , Prairie Yves T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAquatic sediments represent a key component for understanding CH4 dynamics and emission to the atmosphere. Once produced in the sediments, CH4 is released either by diffusion at the sediment–water interface or by bubbling out to the atmosphere when total gas pressure in the sediment exceeds local ambient pressure due to high CH4 production. Although bubbling is one of the dominant CH4 emission pathways in lakes, direct measurements of this flux are hampered by its high spatiotemporal variability and methodological limitations. Here, we develop a conceptual approach to quantify CH4 production in lake sediments and particularly its release as bubbles based on simple measurements of bubble gas content and depth. Its main assumptions were empirically tested using > 200 long‐term bubble trap deployments collected from 4 temperate lakes. We then applied the developed methodology to a suite of 408 Canadian lakes to produce the first standardized large‐scale assessment of lakes CH4 ebullitive flux during summer. Our results show that lake sediments produced CH4 at a median rate of 3.3 mmol m−2 d−1 (ranged from 0.2 to 11.8 mmol m−2 d−1), releasing 33% via ebullition to the atmosphere. These rates are remarkably similar in magnitude to other regional estimates in the literature. Moreover, our approach revealed that catchment slope was an important determinant of both the lake‐wide ebullitive fluxes and the fraction of sediment CH4 production released as bubbles.
3D Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing Holography with Metasurfaces: Encryption and Dynamic Display of 3D Multi‐Targets
Authors: Kong Ling‐Jun , Zhang Furong , Cheng ShiYuan , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAfter years of development, holography has become an essential tool of modern optics for many applications. Among them, holographic encryption and dynamic display are the two most typical applications. So far, however, only 2D targets or 2D images of 3D targets can be encrypted with holographic technology. The 3D multiplexing holographic technology of 3D multi‐targets has not yet been realized and holographic encryption of 3D multi‐targets is still a blank. Here, the conception of 3D orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing holography is proposed, and holographic encryption of 3D multi‐targets is realized for the first time. This breaks the restriction that only 2D images can be encrypted in traditional holographic encryption. Furthermore, the results also show that the 3D OAM holography can be used in the dynamic display for 3D multi‐targets. In the experiment, the metasurface is used for taking its high‐resolution advantage in light field manipulation, and verify the feasibility of 3D OAM multiplexing holographic technology, holographic encryption of 3D multi‐targets, and holographic dynamic display of 3D targets. The work creates a precedent for the 3D multiplexing holography, encryption, and dynamic display technology of 3D multi‐targets, which brings real 3D life closer to humankind.
Dion‐Jacobson Phase Mn2+‐Doped Perovskite Scintillators for High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Fan Qingshun , Zhang Haoyu , You Shihai , Liu Yi , Zhu Pengfei , Xu Haojie , Guo Wuqian , Ma Yu , Luo Junhua , Liu Yongsheng , Sun Zhihua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractX‐ray imaging technology has attracted widespread attention due to its important application in the industrial and medical fields. The practical‐level X‐ray imager requires high‐performance scintillators with high light yield, low detection limit, superb stability, and excellent processibility. Here, a Mn2+‐doped 2D Dion‐Jacobson perovskite scintillator of (HIS)PbCl4 (HIS2+ is histammonium), is presented serving as a potential candidate for high‐resolution X‐ray imaging. By facile solution method of Mn2+‐doping, (HIS)PbCl4:2%Mn has an orange‐red emission with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 80.2%. Emphatically, (HIS)PbCl4:2%Mn crystals exhibit compelling scintillation performances, including a high light yield of 77 500 photons MeV−1 (≈3.1 times of commercial Lu3Al5O12:Ce3+) and low detection limits of 59.3 nGyair s−1, along with excellent irradiation and environmental stability. Besides, both centimeter‐size single crystals and flexible scintillators fabricated with poly(dimethylsiloxane) hold a promise for practical X‐ray imaging. The high resolution using an optimized flexible scintillator screen reaches up to 20.3 lp mm−1, far beyond the most of known scintillators. The results suggest that (HIS)PbCl4:2%Mn has great commercialization potential in the field of X‐ray imaging.