bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiota in Mesenteric Adipose Tissue From Crohn’s Disease Promote Colitis in Mice
Authors: He Zhen , Wu Jinjie , Gong Junli , Ke Jia , Ding Tao , Zhao Wenjing , Cheng WaiMing , Luo Zhanhao , He Qilang , Zeng Wanyi , Yu Jing , Jiao Na , Liu Yanmin , Zheng Bin , Dai Lei , Zhi Min , Wu Xiaojian , Jobin Christian , Lan Ping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Mesenteric adipose tissue (mAT) hyperplasia, known as creeping fat is a pathologic characteristic of Crohn’s disease (CD). The reserve of creeping fat in surgery is associated with poor prognosis of CD patients, but the mechanism remains unknown.Methods: Mesenteric microbiome, metabolome and host transcriptome were characterized using a cohort of 48 patients with CD and 16 non-CD controls. Multidimensional data including 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing (16S rRNA), host RNA sequencing and metabolome were integrated to reveal network interaction. Mesenteric resident bacteria were isolated from mAT and functionally investigated both in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model and Il10 gene deficient (Il10-/-) mouse colitis model to validate their pro-inflammatory roles. Results: Mesenteric microbiota contributed to aberrant metabolites production and transcripts in mATs from patients with CD. Presence of mAT resident microbiota was associated with the development of CD. Achromobacter pulmonis (A. pulmonis) isolated from CD mAT could translocate to mAT and exacerbate both DSS-induced and Il10 gene deficient (Il10-/-) spontaneous colitis in mice. The levels of A. pulmonis both in mAT and mucous layer from CD patients were higher compared to those from non-CD group. Conclusions: This study suggests that the mesenteric microbiota from patients with CD sculpt a detrimental microenvironment and promote intestinal inflammation.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Formability in Incremental Sheet Forming of Particle Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite Sheets
Authors: Gatea Shakir , Tawfiq Thana Abdel Salam , Ou Hengan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have a high strength-to-weight ratio, high stiffness, and good damage resistance under a wide range of operating conditions, making them a viable alternative to traditional materials in a variety of technical applications. Because of their high strength, composite materials are hard to deform to a significant depth at room temperature. As a result, additional treatments are required to enhance the composite's room ductility prior to deformation. In this investigation, as-received 6092Al/SiCp composite sheets (T6-condition) are heat treated to O-condition annealing to enhance its ductility in order to assess the influence of single point incremental forming (SPIF) parameters on the formability and fracture behavior of the Al/SiC particle composite sheets at room temperature. Then the annealed sheets are heat treated to T6-condition to enhance the strength and achieve properties equivalent to as-received sheets properties. The results demonstrate that the Al/SiC particle composite sheets with T6 treatment could not be deformed to the specified depth at room temperature due to low room ductility and that further treatment, such as O-condition annealing, is required to enhance the room ductility. When annealed Al/SiCp composite sheets are heat treated to T6, the sheets exhibit properties comparable to the as-received sheets. Al/SiC particle composite sheets with low SPIF parameters may have greater formability and fracture depth with low strain hardening curve.
TGF-β associated senescence and impaired metabolism in central memory CD4 T cells promotes HIV persistence
Authors: Sekaly Rafick , Ghneim Khader , Sharma Ashish , Ribeiro Susan , Fourati Slim , Ahlers Jeffery , Kulpa Deanna , Xu Xuan , Brehm Jessica , Talla Aarthi , Rodriguez Benigno , Shive Carey , Cristescu Razvan , Loboda Andrey , Balderas Robert , Wang I-ming , Hunt Peter , Lamarre Daniel , Douek Daniel , Hazuda Daria , Lederman Michael , Deeks Steven 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Current therapeutic interventions to eradicate latent HIV (“reservoir”) and restore immune function in ART-treated HIV infection have yet to show efficacy. To explore mechanisms of HIV persistence, we apply an integrated systems biology approach and identify a distinct group of individuals with poor CD4 T-cell reconstitution (Immunologic non-responders, “INRs”) and high frequencies of cells with inducible HIV. Contrary to the prevailing notion that immune activation drives HIV persistence and immune dysfunction, peripheral blood leukocytes from these subjects have enhanced expression of a network of genes regulated by cellular senescence. In these subjects, increased frequencies of regulatory T cells and expression of the TGF-β signaling cascade are concomitant with the downregulation of cell cycle and metabolism in CD4 central memory T (TCM) cells. These cascades, downstream of TGF-β, lead to the accumulation of PD-1 expressing CD4 TCM and are associated with an increase in frequencies of cells with inducible HIV ex vivo. In vitro validation confirmed that this cellular profile was driven by a β-hydroxybutyrates/bile acid rich metabolic milieu and resulted in TGF-β associated latency establishment. Our findings identify targets for PD-1 or TGF-β specific interventions that can overcome cellular senescence; these therapeutic approaches have shown safety and efficacy in cancer, and may prove to be crucial for HIV eradication.
Molecular Profiling of Core Immune-Escape Genes Highlights LCK Has Potential to Reshape TME in Melanoma
Authors: Zhang Duoli , Zhang Zhuo , Xiang Shixin , Xiao Mintao , Zhang Yao , Duangmano Suwit , Wu Xu , Li Mingxing , Du Fukuan , Chen Yu , Yang Xiao , Zhao Yueshui , Zheng Yuan , Wen Qinglian , Li Jing , Shen Jing , Xiao Zhangang , Yang Zhongming 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The game between the immune system of the organism and the tumor is a dynamic course of events. Once the escape phase is reached, the tumor will overcome the limitations of the immune system and the tumor will progress. Objective: This study aimed to determine the potential tumor environment-based prognostic biomarkers related to immunotherapy in melanoma. Methods: 471 tumor samples and 398 normal samples were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas and The Genotype-Tissue Expression. Furthermore, a core set of immune-escape genes were collected from previous studies and a set of immune-related genes were obtained from IMMPORT database. Through overlapping these two sets of genes, a set of core immune-escape related genes were identified. In the next place, we conducted a systematic analysis of core immune-escape related genes through The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and identified independent prognostic factors in melanoma. Through CIBERSORT, ssGSEA algorithm and TIMER database, we explored the potential of independent prognostic factors to reshape the tumor microenvironment.Results: Through Kaplan-Meier as well as univariate cox regression analysis of expression profiles and clinical information obtained from the TCGA cohort, we found that high LCK expression was associated with prolonged overall survival. In addition, the expression level of LCK was significantly correlated with the dysregulation of the infiltration level of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Conclusions: In this study, we determined LCK as a biomarker that is significantly associated with tumor environment and has significant prognostic significance. Meanwhile, immunotherapeutic approaches targeting LCK in tumor cells may provide a new perspective for the treatment of melanoma.
Miniaturizing transmon qubits using van der Waals materials
Authors: Antony Abhinandan , Gustafsson Martin , Ribeill Guilhem , Ware Matthew , Rajendran Anjaly , Govia Luke , Ohki Thomas , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Hone James , Fong Kin Chung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Quantum computers can potentially achieve an exponential speedup versus classical computers on certain computational tasks, recently demonstrated in systems of superconducting qubits. However, the capacitor electrodes that comprise these qubits must be large in order to avoid lossy dielectrics. This tactic hinders scaling by increasing parasitic coupling among circuit components, degrading individual qubit addressability, and limiting the spatial density of qubits. Here, we take advantage of the unique properties of van der Waals (vdW) materials to reduce the qubit area by $>1000$ times while preserving the required capacitance without increasing substantial loss. Our qubits combine conventional aluminum-based Josephson junctions with parallel-plate capacitors composed of crystalline layers of superconducting niobium diselenide and insulating hexagonal-boron nitride. We measure a vdW transmon $T_1$ relaxation time of 1.06 $\mu$s, which demonstrates a path to achieve high-qubit-density quantum processors with long coherence times, and the broad utility of layered heterostructures in low-loss, high-coherence quantum devices.
Development of an Optimal Relief Method for the Palatal Plate by Stress Analysis
Authors: Mukai Tomoko , Sato Yuji , Shimodaira Osamu , Furuya Junichi , Isobe Akio , Omori Tomoka 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: A maxillary-palate-shaped device for simultaneous measurement of bite force and palatal mucosal subsidence at the time of pain onset in dentate persons has been developed. However, palatal mucosal stress analysis in a simulation based on three-dimensional finite element analysis is effective for objective and efficient evaluation of various types of denture-supporting mucosa. Recently plate dentures are not easily modified after the completion of these dentures , so it is essential to effectively assess the sites and magnitude of relief at the time of preparation. However, there is considerable variation in the magnitude of optimal relief and relief range, and there are no guidelines that present these clearly, leading the surgeon to decide subjectively. Thus, this study aimed to develop an optimal relief method to improve the stress bearing capacity of the palatal mucosa.Objectives: The objective of this study, the borderline was set in steps. The changes in stress distribution in the palatal mucosa due to the selective relief of stresses above the borderline were evaluated using a three-dimensional finite element simulation. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimal relief method to improve the bearing capacity of the palatal mucosa.Methods: The objective of this study, the borderline, was set in steps. A three-dimensional finite element model for the pseudopalatal plate was prepared and used to evaluate the changes in stress distribution in the palatal mucosa due to the selective relief of stresses above the borderline. The resulting data were used to develop the optimal relief method.Results: In the relief model with a borderline of 0.04 MPa or higher, the distribution volume at which high stress of 0.20 MPa or higher is generated was approximately about 800%％ of that with the no-relief model, and in the relief model with a borderline of 0.06 MPa or higher, the respective ratio was approximately about 280％%. On the other hand, the relief models with borderline of 0.14 MPa or higher were about 60%. In the mid-palatal relief model, the distribution volume at which stress of 0.20 MPa or higher was generated was 180% of that in the relief model.Conclusions: The supportive strength of plates can be increased by selectively applying optimal relief rather than standard relief, allowing for easier and more effective plate-denture treatment.
Preparations from Selected Cucurbit Vegetables as Antiplatelet Agents – An in Vitro Study
Authors: Rolnik Agata , Skalski Bartosz , Stochmal Anna , Olas Beata 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Increased blood platelet activation plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Recent experiments indicate that certain fruits and vegetables, including onion, garlic, and beetroot, have anti-platelet potential and therefore may reduce the likelihood of CVDs. While vegetables from the Cucuritaceae family are known to exerting beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, their effects on blood platelet activation are poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect on platelet adhesion of preparations from selected cucurbits: pumpkin (Cucirbita pepo; fruit without seeds), zucchini (Cucurbita pepo convar. giromontina; fruit with seeds), cucumber (Cucumis sativus; fruit with seeds), white pattypan squash (Cucurbita pepo var. patisoniana; fruit without seeds) and yellow pattypan squash (Cucurbita pepo var. patisoniana, fruit without seeds). It also evaluates the activity of these preparations on enzymatic lipid peroxidation in thrombin-activated washed blood platelets by TBARS assay. The study also determines the anti-platelet and anticoagulant properties of these five cucurbit preparations in whole blood by flow cytometry and with the total thrombus-formation analysis system (T-TAS) and evaluates the cytotoxicity of the tested preparations against platelets based on LDH activity. The results indicate that the yellow Cucurbita pepo var. patisoniana preparation demonstrated stronger anti-platelet properties than the other tested preparations, reducing the adhesion of thrombin-activated platelets to collagen/fibrinogen, and inhibiting arachidonic acid metabolism and GPIIb/IIIa expression on 10 µM ADP-activated platelets. None of the preparations was found to cause platelet lysis. Our findings provide new information on the anti-platelet activity of the tested cucurbit preparations and their potential for treating CVDs associated with platelet hyperactivity.
Sporamin Intervention Altered the Gut Microbiome and Tumor Tissue Transcriptome in Mice Intraperitoneally Xenografted With the Human Colorectal Carcinoma LoVo Cells
Authors: Yang Chun , Chen Bo-Wen , Zhang Kai-Wen , Chen Si-Jia , Zhang Xiao-Peng , Zhang Jing-Jie , Guo Ge , Li Peng-Gao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAccumulating evidence indicates that sporamin, the main storage protein in the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), can suppress the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the changes in the gut microbiome after sporamin intervention and its relationships with the pathogenesis of CRC have not been investigated.MethodsTwelve male athymic BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into four groups, CG1, CG2, TCG, and TTG. Mice in TCG and TTG were intraperitoneally transplanted with the LoVo cancer cells before the interventions started. CG2 and TTG were intragastrically infused with sporamin (0.5 g/kg BW/ day) for four weeks while CG1 and TCG were infused with the same volume of water during the experiment. Fecal samples were collected after the interventions and then examined for the changes in the microbiota using the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing technology. The functional capabilities of the gut microbiota were predicted with the PICRUSt pipeline. Transcriptomic profiling of the tumor tissues was carried out for tumor-bearing mice with the RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology and the resultant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were then analyzed in terms of gene ontology (GO), protein-protein interaction (PPI), transcription factors (TF) prediction, and biological pathway annotations. ResultsSporamin significantly reduced the tumor burden of tumor-bearing mice and brought beneficial changes to the gut microbiome in both kinds of mice. It significantly increased the proportions of Barnesiella and Lactobacillus but reduced that of Bacteroides in tumor-bearing mice. The phenylalanine metabolism pathway, the glyoxylate, dicarboxylate metabolism, the bacterial secretion system, the glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, and the biosynthesis of stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid, and gingerol were favorably modulated by sporamin intervention. Sporamin mainly modulate the expression of the genes involved in the protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis pathway, and the mineral absorption pathway. ConclusionSporamin could favorably alter the gut microbiome and its metabolome, improving the gut microenvironment and the viability of the gut microbiota and increasing the detoxification and bioactive substance production activities in the large intestine, by which the host’s metabolome may be altered and in turn exerts a suppressing effect on the protein synthesis and growth of tumor tissues.
Exploring nurse perceptions and experiences of resilience: a meta-synthesis study
Authors: Kim Eun Young , Chang Sung Ok 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aim To understand nurse resilience in depth by integrating the qualitative research results on nurses' resilience-related experiences.Methods : We applied the seven steps of the meta-ethnographic process by Noblit and Hare (1988). Six databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar) were used to search for studies published from January 2011 to August 2021.Results Sixteen qualitative studies were included. The four themes of “self-development though focusing on one’s inner self”, “building a positive strength for life”, “developing one’s own strategy for overcoming diversity” and “forward thinking to become a better nurse by planning for the future” illustrate that they want to promote their inner strength and develop themselves through self-examination.Conclusion : Through this study, we can understand more deeply about the resilience of nurses, and the results can provide basic data for the development of intervention study to improve the resilience of nurses.
Sociocultural and geographical disparities in immunization among different geographical regions of Maharashtra
Authors: Khadse Rushikesh , Thool Badal , Sarode Sunil 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

In Maharashtra, child immunization is an essential factor in maternal and child health services and effective in reduced child morbidity and mortality. The study focuses on the prevalence of child immunization in different geographical regions of Maharashtra. It also depicts the immunization status (no immunization, partial immunization, and full immunization) according to various socio-demographic characteristics and determinants of full Immunization and partial Immunization among children of age 12–23 months in Maharashtra
Data source and Methodology:

The fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) has been used for this study. The univariate analysis and simple chi-square test were conducted to test association. The Multinomial logistic regression model was conducted to determine the determinants of partial and full immunization.
Result

In the wealth category, the middle and richest are more likely to receive full immunization than the poorest people statically significant effect. In religion, Muslims less likely to receive full Immunization, and Buddhists more likely to use full immunization compare to Hindu people. In the different geographical regions of Maharashtra, North-Maharashtra, West-Maharashtra, Konkan is less likely to have full immunization correspond to the Vidarbha region. Mothers who have any media exposure are more likely to have full immunization compare to no media exposure.
Conclusions

To conclude, the study shows a need to adopt a multi-pronged strategy while formulating an action plan for immunization by keeping in mind that vaccination is a right of every child. An appropriate proportion of childhood immunization is required to develop “Herd Immunity” to protects other unimmunized children. The most “efficient” and “equitable” way should be chosen to deliver vaccination services to identify the population's risk group. Who has remained unimmunized? As immunization in the different geographical regions in Maharashtra remained very far from the target set by Mission Indradhushya. Hence, there is a need to focus more on responsible socio-demographic factors while implementing immunization services.
Biathletes Prefer a Closed-Looped Strategy to Maintain Their Balance During Shooting
Authors: Michalska Justyna , Zając Rafał , Szydło Krzysztof , Gerasimuk Dagmara , Słomka Kajetan J. , Juras Grzegorz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Balance can also be a main factor contributing to success in many disciplines, and biathlon is a representative example. The center of foot pressure (COP) is commonly recorded when evaluating postural control. Because COP measurements are highly irregular and non-stationary, the non-linear deterministic methods are more appropriate for the analysis of COP displacement, such as entropy. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the longitudinal effects of biathlon training can elicit specific changes in postural control. Methods: 8 national-level biathletes, 15 non-athletes who prior to the experiment took part in 3 months of shooting training, and 15 non-athletes with no prior rifle shooting experience. The data was collected with the use of a force plate. Participants performed three balance tasks in quiet standing, the shooting position (internal focus), and aiming at the target (external focus). Results: Biathletes obtained significantly lower values of sample entropy compared to the other groups during shooting and aiming to the target trials (p<0.05).There were no significant differences in quiet standing trials between all three groups (p>0.05). External and internal focuses influenced the process of postural control among participants who had prior rifle shooting experience and the control group: they obtained significantly higher values of sample entropy during shooting and aiming to the target compared to the quiet standing trial (p<0.05). The biathletes obtained contrary results. There were no significant differences in the values of sample entropy between three consecutive trials in the ML plane; there was only one significant change in the AP plane. The biathletes obtained significantly lower values of sample entropy in aiming to the target position compared to the quiet standing trial. Conclusion: Specific balance training is associated with the ability to deal with a more challenging nonspecific task. The biathletes seemed to employ a different motor control strategy than the beginners and control group. They create repeating patterns (more regular signal for COP), which is a vigilant closed-loped strategy to keep one’s balance during the shooting and aiming to the target positions.