bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA repair protein DNA-PK protects PC12 cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis involving AKT phosphorylation
Authors: Cardinale Alessio , Saladini Serena , Lupacchini Leonardo , Ruspantini Irene , De Dominicis Chiara , Papale Marco , Silvagno Francesca , Garaci Enrico , Mollinari Cristiana , Merlo Daniela 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundEmerging evidence suggest that DNA-PK complex plays a role in the cellular response to oxidative stress, in addition to its function of double strand break (DSB) repair. In this study we evaluated whether DNA-PK participates in oxidative stress response and whether this role is independent of its function in DNA repair.Methods and resultsWe used a model of H2O2-induced DNA damage in PC12 cells (rat pheochromocytoma), a well-known neuronal tumor cell line. We found that H2O2treatment of PC12 cells induces an increase in DNA-PK protein complex levels, along with an elevation of DNA damage, measured both by the formation of γΗ2ΑX foci, detected by immunofluorescence, and γH2AX levels detected by western blot analysis. After 24 h of cell recovery, γΗ2ΑX foci are repaired both in the absence and presence of DNA-PK kinase inhibitor NU7026, while an increase of apoptotic cells is observed when DNA-PK activity is inhibited, as revealed by counting pycnotic nuclei and confirmed by FACS analysis. Our results suggest a role of DNA-PK as an anti-apoptotic factor in proliferating PC12 cells under oxidative stress conditions. The anti-apoptotic role of DNA-PK is associated with AKT phosphorylation in Ser473. On the contrary, in differentiated PC12 cells, were the main pathway to repair DSBs is DNA-PK-mediated, the inhibition of DNA-PK activity causes an accumulation of DNA damage.ConclusionsTaken together, our results show that DNA-PK can protect cells from oxidative stress induced-apoptosis independently from its function of DSB repair enzyme.Graphical Abstract
The impact of poor medication knowledge on health-related quality of life in people with Parkinson’s disease: a mediation analysis
Authors: Zipprich Hannah M. , Mendorf Sarah , Schönenberg Aline , Prell Tino 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to determine how limited medication knowledge as one aspect of health literacy contributes to poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Methods
Demographical data, PD-specific data (MDS-Unified Parkinson’s Disease-Rating Scale, Nonmotor symptom scale), and data about depressive symptoms (Beck’s depression inventory), cognition (Montreal cognitive assessment), HRQoL (Short-Form Health Questionnaire-36, SF-36), and medication knowledge (names, time of taking, indication, dosage) were assessed in 193 patients with PD. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), multivariate analysis of covariance, and mediation analyses were used to study the relationship between medication knowledge and HRQoL in combination with different mediators and covariates.

Results
Overall, 43.5% patients showed deficits in at least one of the 4 knowledge items, which was associated with higher age, number of medications per day and depression level, and poorer cognitive function, motor function, and lower education level. Using one-way MANOVA, we identified that medication knowledge significantly impacts physical functioning, social functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, and role limitations due to emotional problems. Mediation models using age, education level, and gender as covariates showed that the relationship between knowledge and SF-36 domains was fully mediated by Beck’s Depression Inventory but not by Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

Conclusions
Patients who expressed unawareness of their medication did not necessarily have cognitive deficits; however, depressive symptoms may instead be present. This concomitant depressive symptomatology is crucial in explaining the contribution of nonadherence and decreased medication knowledge to poor quality of life.
Do teachers’ cultural beliefs matter for students’ school adaptation? A multilevel analysis of students’ academic achievement and psychological school adjustment
Authors: Schotte Kristin , Rjosk Camilla , Edele Aileen , Hachfeld Axinja , Stanat Petra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBased on two large-scale studies from Germany, we examined how different types of teachers’ cultural beliefs are related to immigrant students’ school adaptation. Specifically, we investigated the relationship of teachers' multicultural beliefs appreciating cultural diversity, their egalitarian beliefs focusing on all students' similarities and their assimilationist beliefs that immigrant students should conform to the mainstream context with immigrant students' academic achievement and psychological school adjustment as indicators of their school adaptation. We also explored all of these associations for non-immigrant students. Study 1 used data on the multicultural, egalitarian, and assimilationist beliefs of German language (NTeachers = 220) and mathematics (NTeachers = 245) teachers and on students’ achievement and feelings of helplessness in German language classes (NStudents = 2606) and mathematics classes (NStudents = 2851) as well as students’ school satisfaction. Study 2 analyzed data on teachers’ multicultural and egalitarian beliefs (NTeachers = 456) and students’ achievement and self-concept in mathematics (NStudents = 4722). Overall, multilevel analyses revealed no relationship between teachers’ cultural beliefs and any of the indicators of immigrant and non-immigrant students’ school adaptation. These findings challenge the notion that overall, teachers’ cultural beliefs effectively translate into students’ school adaptation.
Recent progresses of quantum confinement in graphene quantum dots
Authors: Li Si-Yu , He Lin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGraphene quantum dots (GQDs) not only have potential applications on spin qubit, but also serve as essential platforms to study the fundamental properties of Dirac fermions, such as Klein tunneling and Berry phase. By now, the study of quantum confinement in GQDs still attract much attention in condensed matter physics. In this article, we review the experimental progresses on quantum confinement in GQDs mainly by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). Here, the GQDs are divided into Klein GQDs, bound-state GQDs and edge-terminated GQDs according to their different confinement strength. Based on the realization of quasi-bound states in Klein GQDs, external perpendicular magnetic field is utilized as a manipulation approach to trigger and control the novel properties by tuning Berry phase and electron-electron (e-e) interaction. The tip-induced edge-free GQDs can serve as an intuitive mean to explore the broken symmetry states at nanoscale and single-electron accuracy, which are expected to be used in studying physical properties of different two-dimensional materials. Moreover, high-spin magnetic ground states are successfully introduced in edge-terminated GQDs by designing and synthesizing triangulene zigzag nanographenes.
Methodological sensitivities for co-producing knowledge through enduring trustful partnerships
Authors: Greenaway Alison , Hohaia Holden , Le Heron Erena , Le Heron Richard , Grant Andrea , Diprose Gradon , Kirk Nicholas , Allen Will 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIndigenous ways of caring for the environment have long been marginalised through research methodologies that are blind to a range of ways of knowing the world. Co-production of knowledge across Indigenous knowledge systems and Western scientific approaches is receiving attention both internationally and within the science system in Aotearoa New Zealand. Addressing power asymmetries as part of the co-production process is also slowly gaining recognition. Those involved in knowledge co-production initiatives must support learning about different world views, ways of knowing and accounting for the environment, while also enabling learning of the many biases and assumptions built into methodologies. This deliberation is needed, so non-Indigenous researchers can form enduring trustworthy partnerships and contribute to co-production initiatives. Presented here are insights shared by a cohort of environment research practitioners who have been deliberating on co-production occurring across knowledge systems in Aotearoa New Zealand. Originating from analysis of interviews undertaken about relationships recreational groups have with Te Urewera (forested hill country in the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand), this paper depicts a layered reflection on how non-Māori (primarily but not exclusively) across Aotearoa New Zealand are learning to be manuhiri (those being welcomed on arrival to a place by the Indigenous people of that place). As a contribution to this collective learning, a set of methodological sensitivities are proposed as support for research amidst changing relationships with places. Doing so we aim to contribute to reflexive and decolonising encounters with Indigenous approaches to environmental care.
What have we known so far for fluorescence staining and quantification of microplastics: A tutorial review
Authors: Liu Shengdong , Shang Enxiang , Liu Jingnan , Wang Yining , Bolan Nanthi , Kirkham M. B. , Li Yang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the fate and toxicity of microplastics (MPs, < 5 mm plastic particles) is limited by quantification methods. This paper summarizes the methods in use and presents new ones. First, sampling and pretreatment processes of MPs, including sample collection, digestion, density separation, and quality control are reviewed. Then the promising and convenient staining procedures and quantification methods for MPs using fluorescence dyes are reviewed. The factors that influence the staining of MPs, including their physicochemical properties, are summarized to provide an optimal operation procedure. In general, the digestion step is crucial to eliminate natural organic matter (NOM) to avoid interference in quantification. Chloroform was reported to be the most appropriate solvent, and 10–20 μg/mL are recommended as optimal dye concentrations. In addition, a heating and cooling procedure is recommended to maintain the fluorescence intensity of MPs for two months. After staining, a fluorescence microscope is usually used to characterize the morphology, mass, or number of MPs, but compositional analysis cannot be determined with it. These fluorescence staining methods have been implemented to study MP abundance, transport, and toxicity and have been combined with other chemical characterization techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. More studies are needed to focus on the synthesis of novel dyes to avoid NOM’s interference. They need to be combined with other spectroscopic techniques to characterize plastic composition and to develop image-analysis methods. The stability of stained MPs needs to be improved.
The effect of audio-support on strategy, time, and performance on reading comprehension in secondary school students with dyslexia
Authors: Knoop-van Campen C. A. N. , ter Doest D. , Verhoeven L. , Segers E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe use of adequate reading comprehension strategies is important to read efficiently. Students with dyslexia not only read slower and less accurately, they also use fewer reading comprehension strategies. To compensate for their decoding problems, they often receive audio-support (narration written text). However, audio-support linearly guides readers from beginning to end through texts, possibly hindering the use of reading comprehension strategies in expository texts and negatively impacting reading time and reading comprehension performance. We examined to what extent audio-support affects reading comprehension strategies, reading times, and reading comprehension performance in 21 secondary school students with dyslexia and 22 typically developing controls. Participants were provided with three types of assignments (summarizing, open-ended questions, statement questions) in each condition (written text with and without audio-support). SMI RED-500 eye tracker captured eye movements during reading. The standard deviation of the weighted fixation duration times on the three paragraphs was considered indicative of the disparity of readers’ attention within the text. Following a discrimination based on experts’ reading behavior and hand-coded validation, these scores visualized whether students used the intensive reading strategy (reading whole text) or selective reading strategy (focusing on part of the text). In open-ended assignments, students divided their attention more over the whole text instead of focusing on one specific part when audio was added. In addition, audio-support increased reading time in students with and without dyslexia in most tasks, while in neither of the tasks audio-support affected reading comprehension performance. Audio-support impacts reading comprehension strategy and reading time in all students.
Feinstaubbelastung und Lebenserwartung in Deutschland
Authors: Prinz Aloys , Richter David J. 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Feinstaubbelastung steht immer wieder im Mittelpunkt umwelt- und gesundheitspolitischer Diskussionen. Empirische Analysen, auch solche in diesem Bereich, die nicht auf individuellen Experimentaldaten beruhen, können als ökologische „real life“-Studien kleine Bausteine zum Verständnis der Zusammenhänge von Feinstaubbelastung und deren Gesundheitsfolgen zur Verfügung stellen. In diesem Beitrag wird deskriptiv untersucht, ob in Deutschland eine Korrelation von Feinstaubbelastung und Lebenserwartung zu finden ist. Dazu werden auf Kreisebene nach den Messbereichen Hintergrund und Verkehr differenzierte Daten von Feinstaubmessstationen der Jahre 2002 bis 2016 verwendet. Als weitere Kovariate der Lebenserwartung werden auf Kreisebene das verfügbare Einkommen pro Kopf und die Abiturientenquote berücksichtigt. Darüber hinaus werden Siedlungseigenschaften (städtische bzw. ländliche Gebiete) sowie ein nichtlinearer Zeittrend in die Untersuchung einbezogen. Die Niveauschätzungen ergeben einen negativen Zusammenhang für die Feinstaubbelastung im westdeutschen Hintergrundbereich. Darüber hinaus zeigt sich ein negativer Zusammenhang zwischen der Veränderung von Feinstaubbelastung und der Veränderung der Lebenserwartung für den westdeutschen Verkehrsbereich, der jedoch aufgrund der Datenlage als unsicherer anzusehen ist. Letzteres ist aufgrund der Besonderheiten dieses Bereichs (tages- und jahreszeitlich bedingte Variationen des Verkehrsflusses; Änderung der Feinstaub-Exposition der Bevölkerung innerhalb kurzer Entfernungen u. v. m.) nicht überraschend. Für Ostdeutschland konnten keine statistisch signifikanten Zusammenhänge gefunden werden. Die für Gesamtdeutschland gefundene Korrelation zwischen Feinstaubbelastung im Hintergrundbereich und durchschnittliche Lebenserwartung liegt bei 0,037 Jahre pro 1 $$\upmu$$
μ
g/m$${}^{3}$$

3

PM$${}_{10}$$

10

.
Stability and change in longitudinal patterns of antisocial behaviors: The role of social and emotional competencies, empathy, and morality
Authors: Nasaescu Elena , Zych Izabela , Ortega-Ruiz Rosario , Farrington David P. , Llorent Vicente J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStudies show that different types of antisocial behaviors share similar risk and protective factors related to particular social, emotional and moral competencies. Nevertheless, little is known about the longitudinal relation of social, emotional and moral competencies with patterns of antisocial behaviors in youth. The present study aimed to discover the longitudinal relations between social and emotional competencies, empathy, moral emotions, moral disengagement, and perceived moral disengagement induced by parents, and the patterns of antisocial behaviors and change in these patterns over time. A sample of 898 Spanish students aged between 9 and 17 was followed up for one year. Self-reported data were analyzed using latent transition analyses and multinomial regressions. Results showed that age, several mechanisms of moral disengagement, perceived parental moral disengagement induction, and several social and emotional competencies predicted offenders outside of school and highly antisocial and victimized patterns, including their stability over time. Moreover, males at early ages and perceived parental moral disengagement induction predicted the high bullying victimization pattern. Being a male, with high victim dehumanizing and blaming, predicted stability of the high bullying victimization pattern. Being a male, early ages, and low responsible decision-making predicted changes from the high bullying victimization pattern to the low antisocial pattern. Results are discussed emphasizing the need to conduct prevention and intervention programs from a comprehensive perspective promoting social, emotional and moral competencies. This study could have useful implications for prevention and intervention focused on decreasing risk and increasing protective factors.
Posttreatment Strategy Against Hypoxia and Ischemia Based on Selective Targeting of Nonnuclear Estrogen Receptors with PaPE-1
Authors: Wnuk A. , Przepiórska K. , Pietrzak B. A. , Kajta M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNewly synthesized Pathway Preferential Estrogen-1 (PaPE-1) selectively activates membrane estrogen receptors (mERs), namely, mERα and mERβ, and has been shown to evoke neuroprotection; however, its effectiveness in protecting brain tissue against hypoxia and ischemia has not been verified in a posttreatment paradigm. This is the first study showing that a 6-h delayed posttreatment with PaPE-1 inhibited hypoxia/ischemia-induced neuronal death, as indicated by neutral red uptake in mouse primary cell cultures in vitro. The effect was accompanied by substantial decreases in neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration in terms of LDH release and Fluoro-Jade C staining of damaged cells, respectively. The mechanisms of the neuroprotective action of PaPE-1 also involved apoptosis inhibition demonstrated by normalization of both mitochondrial membrane potential and expression levels of apoptosis-related genes and proteins such as Fas, Fasl, Bcl2, FAS, FASL, BCL2, BAX, and GSK3β. Furthermore, PaPE-1-evoked neuroprotection was mediated through a reduction in ROS formation and restoration of cellular metabolic activity that had become dysregulated due to hypoxia and ischemia. These data provide evidence that targeting membrane non-GPER estrogen receptors with PaPE-1 is an effective therapy that protects brain neurons from hypoxic/ischemic damage, even when applied with a 6-h delay from injury onset.
Wie erleben und bewältigen Lehrende der berufsbezogenen Weiterbildung Folgen der Corona-Pandemie?
Authors: Wißhak Susanne , Hochholdinger Sabine 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie qualitative Studie geht der Frage nach, wie Lehrende in der berufsbezogenen Weiterbildung die Folgen der Corona-Pandemie im Hinblick auf die damit einhergehenden Unsicherheiten und professionellen Anforderungen erlebten und bewältigten. Ausgehend von Kompetenzmodellen für Lehrende in der Weiterbildung wurden die Veränderungen ihrer beruflichen Situation betrachtet, die veränderten Anforderungen mit Blick auf die Digitalisierung sowie ihre Selbstregulations- und Bewältigungsstrategien. Zu diesem Zweck werteten wir 22 textbasierte Beiträge einer Webparade vom Spätsommer 2020 mittels der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse aus. Es zeigte sich, dass die Lehrenden nach anfänglicher Verunsicherung proaktiv und pragmatisch reagierten und die Digitalisierung als Lerngelegenheit annahmen. Für den Erwerb der erforderlichen Kompetenzen scheinen sie sich mittels Online-Trainerausbildungen und auf informellen Wegen fortzubilden. Aus didaktischer Sicht scheint die Digitalisierung Vorteile für bedarfsorientierte und wirksame Weiterbildung zu bieten, bei gleichzeitigen Schwierigkeiten, die aus der physischen Distanz vor allem für die Interaktion und Beziehungsgestaltung resultieren. Implikationen für die individuelle Professionalisierung der Lehrenden unter Pandemiebedingungen werden diskutiert.
INTER-UNIVERSITY ACCELERATOR CENTRE, NEW DELHI (IUACD) RADIOCARBON DATE LIST II
Authors: Sharma Rajveer , Kumar Pankaj , Ojha Sunil , Gargari Satinath , Chopra Sundeep 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTAccelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) activities at the Inter-University Accelerator Centre (IUAC) in New Delhi, India, started with its 15UD Pelletron accelerator and cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) measurements of 10Be and 26Al. Realizing the demand of a radiocarbon (14C) AMS facility in India, a 500kV Pelletron accelerator based AMS system was installed in 2015. This facility was designated with the lab code IUACD for 14C measurements. 14C dates measured in 2015 and 2016 were published in the first radiocarbon date list (see text for details). The present list is the second 14C date list and consists of dates measured from January to December 2017.
Knowledge before belief: Evidence from unconscious content
Authors: Brakel Linda A. W. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This commentary supports knowledge prior to belief, but from a different angle, supplementing the target article's central thesis. The target article evaluates belief-representations versus knowledge-representation in others. This commentary considers one's own unconscious knowledge, which can be prior to belief of any sort. Two examples are offered: one from clinical psychoanalysis, another involving a cognitive psychology duck/rabbit experiment.
Do “knowledge attributions” involve metarepresentation just like belief attributions do?
Authors: Dudley Rachel , Kovács Ágnes Melinda 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The authors distinguish knowledge and belief attributions, emphasizing the role of the former in mental-state attribution. This does not, however, warrant diminishing interest in the latter. Knowledge attributions may not entail mental-state attributions or metarepresentations. Even if they do, the proposed features are insufficient to distinguish them from belief attributions, demanding that we first understand each underlying representation.
The role of epistemic emotions in learning from others
Authors: Erdemli Asli , Audrin Catherine , Sander David 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhillips et al. discuss whether knowledge or beliefs are more basic representations of others' minds, focusing on the primary function of knowledge representation: learning from others. We discuss links between emotion and “knowledge versus belief,” and particularly the role of emotions in learning from others in mechanisms such as “social epistemic emotions” and “affective social learning.”
Actual knowledge
Authors: Phillips Jonathan , Buckwalter Wesley , Cushman Fiery , Friedman Ori , Martin Alia , Turri John , Santos Laurie , Knobe Joshua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This response argues that when you represent others as knowing something, you represent their mind as being related to the actual world. This feature of knowledge explains the limits of knowledge attribution, how knowledge differs from belief, and why knowledge underwrites learning from others. We hope this vision for how knowledge works spurs a new era in theory of mind research.