bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic and open surgery in patients with transverse colon cancer: short-term and oncological outcomes
Authors: Matsumoto A , Shinohara H , Suzuki H 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Studies evaluating the outcomes after laparoscopic resections of transverse colon cancers are scant. This manuscript aimed to compare surgical and oncological outcomes after laparoscopic (Lap) and open procedures for transverse colon carcinomas.

Methods
All consecutive patients who underwent resection for a cancer located in the transverse colon between 2003 and 2019 were reviewed. Patients were categorized according to the surgical approach (Lap versus open) and groups were compared. Outcome measures were the short-term results, complications and functional recovery; moreover, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were compared overall and after propensity score matching (PSM) based on age, sex, ASA classification, BMI, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, use of postoperative chemotherapy, location of tumour, stage and grading, operation time, blood loss and complications.

Results
Of 248 transverse resections reviewed, 146 (81 Lap and 65 open) were selected for data analysis. Blood loss, fluid intake and the incidence of wound infection were significantly lower and the hospital stay was significantly shorter in the Lap group (P &lt; 0.001). The operation time and incidence of complications (Clavien–Dindo classification grade 3 or above) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Mean follow-up was of 75.4 months in the Lap group and 78.6 months in the open group. Regression analyses showed that OS was associated with the postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level (hazard ratio 1.18 (95 per cent c.i. 1.10 to 1.27); P &lt; 0.001), BMI (hazard ratio 0.81 (95 per cent c.i. 0.68 to 0.96); P = 0.017), operation time (hazard ratio 0.99 (95 per cent c.i. 0.97 to 1.00; P = 0.010), and postoperative chemotherapy (hazard ratio 0.27 (95 per cent c.i. 0.08 to 0.96); P = 0.042), while RFS was associated with the postoperative CEA level (hazard ratio 1.13 (95 per cent c.i. 1.07 to 1.20); P &lt; 0.001). PSM selected 42 patients for data comparison of long-term results, and showed no significant differences between groups (RFS: P = 0.530; OS: P = 0.561).

Conclusion
Lap and open resections for transverse colon cancer provided similar outcomes in terms of severe post-operative complication and long-term results.
Perioperative optimization in complex abdominal wall hernias: Delphi consensus statement
Authors: Grove T N , Kontovounisios C , Montgomery A , Heniford B T , Windsor A C J , Warren O J ,   AWR Europe Collaborative, de Beaux A , Boermeester M , Bougard H , Butler C , Chintapatla S , Chitsabesan P , Cuccurullo D , Daniels I , van Dellen D , Dumanian G , East B , Efron D , Friis-Andersen H , Heniford B T , Henriksen N , Horgan L , Ibrahim N , Janis J , Montgomery A , Nahabedian M , Nowitsky Y , Parker S , van Ramshorst G , Renard Y , Ross D , Sanders D , Slade D , Talbot S , Torkington J , Warren O , Warusaviturane J , Windsor A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The incidence of incisional hernia after major abdominal surgery via a midline laparotomy is 20–41 per cent with short-term follow-up, and over 50 per cent in those surviving an abdominal catastrophe. Abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) requires complex operations, often involving mesh resection, management of scarred skin, fistula takedown, component separation or flap reconstruction. Patients tend to have more complex conditions, with multiple co-morbidities predisposing them to a vicious cycle of complications and, subsequently, hernia recurrence. Currently there appears to be variance in perioperative practice and minimal guidance globally. The aim of this Delphi consensus was to provide a clear benchmark of care for the preoperative assessment and perioperative optimization of patients undergoing AWR.

Methods
The Delphi method was used to achieve consensus from invited experts in the field of AWR. Thirty-two hernia surgeons from recognized hernia societies globally took part. The process included two rounds of anonymous web-based voting with response analysis and formal feedback, concluding with a live round of voting followed by discussion at an international conference. Consensus for a strong recommendation was achieved with 80 per cent agreement, and a weak recommendation with 75 per cent agreement.

Results
Consensus was obtained on 52 statements including surgical assessment, preoperative assessment, perioperative optimization, multidisciplinary team and decision-making, and quality-of-life assessment. Forty-six achieved over 80 per cent agreement; 14 statements achieved over 95 per cent agreement.

Conclusion
Clear consensus recommendations from a global group of experts in the AWR field are presented in this study. These should be used as a baseline for surgeons and centres managing abdominal wall hernias and performing complex AWR.
Role of delay and antibiotics on PERForation rate while waiting appendicECTomy (PERFECT): a protocol for a randomized non-inferiority trial
Authors: Jalava K , Sallinen V , Lampela H , Malmi H , Leppäniemi A , Mentula P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Longer duration from symptom onset is associated with increased risk of perforation in appendicitis. In previous studies, in-hospital delay to surgery has had conflicting effects on perforation rates. Although preoperative antibiotics have been shown to reduce postoperative infections, there are no data showing that administration of antibiotics while waiting for surgery has any benefits. The aims of this study are to evaluate the role of both in-hospital delay to surgery and antibiotic treatment while waiting for surgery on the rate of appendiceal perforation.

Methods
This prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled non-inferiority trial compares the in-hospital delay to surgery of less than 8 hours versus less than 24 hours in adult patients with predicted uncomplicated acute appendicitis. Additionally, participants are randomized either to receive or not to receive antibiotics while waiting for surgery. The primary study endpoint is the rate of perforated appendicitis discovered during appendicectomy. The aim is to randomize 1800 patients, that is estimated to give a power of 90 per cent (χ2) for the non-inferiority margin of 5 percentage points for both layers (urgency and preoperative antibiotic). Secondary endpoints include length of hospital stay, 30-day complications graded using Clavien–Dindo classification, preoperative pain, conversion rate, histopathological diagnosis and Sunshine Appendicitis Grading System classification.

Discussion
There are no previous randomized controlled studies for either in-hospital delay or preoperative antibiotic treatment. The trial will yield new level 1 evidence.
EU Clinical Trials Register, EudraCT Number: 2019–002348-26; registration number: NCT04378868 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)
Interventional treatments for prolapsing haemorrhoids: network meta-analysis
Authors: Jin J Z , Bhat S , Lee K -T , Xia W , Hill A G 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Multiple treatments for early–moderate grade symptomatic haemorrhoids currently exist, each associated with their respective efficacy, complications, and risks. The aim of this study was to compare the relative clinical outcomes and effectiveness of interventional treatments for grade II–III haemorrhoids.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA criteria for all the RCTs published between 1980 and 2020; manuscripts were identified using the MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases. Inclusion criteria were RCTs comparing procedural interventions for grade II–III haemorrhoids. Primary outcomes of interest were: symptom recurrence at a minimum follow-up of 6 weeks, postprocedural pain measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) on day 1, and postprocedural complications (bleeding, urinary retention, and bowel incontinence). After bias assessment and heterogeneity analysis, a Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed.

Results
Seventy-nine RCTs were identified, including 9232 patients. Fourteen different treatments were analysed in the network meta-analysis. Overall, there were 59 RCTs (73 per cent) judged as being at high risk of bias, and the greatest risk was in the domain measurement of outcome. Variable amounts of heterogeneity were detected in direct treatment comparisons, in particular for symptom recurrence and postprocedural pain. Recurrence of haemorrhoidal symptoms was reported by 54 studies, involving 7026 patients and 14 treatments. Closed haemorrhoidectomy had the lowest recurrence risk, followed by open haemorrhoidectomy, suture ligation with mucopexy, stapled haemorrhoidopexy, and Doppler-guided haemorrhoid artery ligation (DG-HAL) with mucopexy. Pain was reported in 34 studies involving 3812 patients and 11 treatments. Direct current electrotherapy, DG-HAL with mucopexy, and infrared coagulation yielded the lowest pain scores. Postprocedural bleeding was recorded in 46 studies involving 5696 patients and 14 treatments. Open haemorrhoidectomy had the greatest risk of postprocedural bleeding, followed by stapled haemorrhoidopexy and closed haemorrhoidectomy. Urinary retention was reported in 30 studies comparing 10 treatments involving 3116 participants. Open haemorrhoidectomy and stapled haemorrhoidopexy had significantly higher odds of urinary retention than rubber band ligation and DG-HAL with mucopexy. Nine studies reported bowel incontinence comparing five treatments involving 1269 participants. Open haemorrhoidectomy and stapled haemorrhoidopexy had the highest probability of bowel incontinence.

Conclusion
Open and closed haemorrhoidectomy, and stapled haemorrhoidopexy were associated with worse pain, and more postprocedural bleeding, urinary retention, and bowel incontinence, but had the lowest rates of symptom recurrence. The risks and benefits of each treatment should be discussed with patients before a decision is made.
Clinical outcomes and cost of robotic ventral hernia repair: systematic review
Authors: Ye Linda , Childers Christopher P , de Virgilio Michael , Shenoy Rivfka , Mederos Michael A , Mak Selene S , Begashaw Meron M , Booth Marika S , Shekelle Paul G , Wilson Mark , Gunnar William , Girgis Mark D , Maggard-Gibbons Melinda 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Robotic ventral hernia repair (VHR) has seen rapid adoption, but with limited data assessing clinical outcome or cost. This systematic review compared robotic VHR with laparoscopic and open approaches.

Methods
This systematic review was undertaken in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles with terms relating to ‘robot-assisted’, ‘cost effectiveness’, and ‘ventral hernia’ or ‘incisional hernia’ from 1 January 2010 to 10 November 2020. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, pain, recurrence, and cost data were extracted for narrative analysis.

Results
Of 25 studies that met the inclusion criteria, three were RCTs and 22 observational studies. Robotic VHR was associated with a longer duration of operation than open and laparoscopic repairs, but with fewer transfusions, shorter hospital stay, and lower complication rates than open repair. Robotic VHR was more expensive than laparoscopic repair, but not significantly different from open surgery in terms of cost. There were no significant differences in rates of intraoperative complication, conversion to open surgery, surgical-site infection, readmission, mortality, pain, or recurrence between the three approaches.

Conclusion
Robotic VHR was associated with a longer duration of operation, fewer transfusions, a shorter hospital stay, and fewer complications compared with open surgery. Robotic VHR had higher costs and a longer operating time than laparoscopic repair. Randomized or matched data with standardized reporting, long-term outcomes, and cost-effectiveness analyses are still required to weigh the clinical benefits against the cost of robotic VHR.
Incidence, detection and outcome of differentiated thyroid cancer in Western Sweden
Authors: Dahlberg J , Adok C , Bümming P , Demir A , Hedbäck G , Nilsson B , Nilsson M , Jansson S 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
It is unclear whether the increasing incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) due to increased diagnosis of small and indolent tumours might mask a real increase of clinically significant cancers. The aim of this study was to correlate surgery, pathology and outcome data of individual patients to the mode of primary detection (palpation, by imaging or incidental) to assess if TC incidence has increased.

Methods
The Swedish Cancer Registry identified all patients with TC in Västra Götaland County representing approximately 1.6 million inhabitants. Clinical information was retrieved from medical records of patient cohorts from three study intervals (2001–2002, 2006–2007 and 2011–2014) comprising 60 per cent of all TC patients. Data were also obtained from the NORDCAN registry to compare of TC incidence with other Nordic countries.

Results
Between 2001 and 2014, the annualized standard incidence rate/100 000 population (ASR) of TC increased from 3.14 to 10.71 in women and from 1.12 to 3.77 in men. This was higher than the mean incidence for Sweden but similar to that in Norway and Finland. Differentiated TC (DTC) increased more than threefold. The majority of tumours (64 per cent) were detected by palpation. Larger tumours (10–20, 21–40 and greater than 40 mm) increased as much as microcarcinomas (less than 10 mm). Only 5 per cent of the tumours were detected by imaging. All disease-specific deaths (8.5 per cent of DTC in the first two cohorts) and most patients with recurrent or persistent disease (6.6 per cent of DTC cases) were diagnosed due to tumour-related symptoms.

Conclusion
DTC in Western Sweden gradually increased between 2001 and 2014. The majority of tumours were detected by palpation suggesting a real increase in the incidence of clinically significant thyroid malignancies.
Membrane scaffolds for matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation in the knee: a systematic review
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Eschweiler Jörg , Goetze Christian , Tingart Markus , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionChondral defects of the knee are common and their management is challenging.Source of dataCurrent scientific literature published in PubMed, Google scholar, Embase and Scopus.Areas of agreementMembrane-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (mACI) has been used to manage chondral defects of the knee.Areas of controversyHyaluronic acid membrane provides better outcomes than a collagenic membrane for mACI in the knee at midterm follow-up is controversial.Growing pointsTo investigate whether hyaluronic acid membrane may provide comparable clinical outcomes than collagenic membranes for mACI in focal defects of the knee.Areas timely for developing researchHyaluronic acid membrane yields a lower rate of failures and revision surgeries for mACI in the management of focal articular cartilage defects of the knee compared with collagenic scaffolds at midterm follow-up. No difference was found in patient reported outcome measures (PROMs). Further comparative studies are required to validate these results in a clinical setting.
Seed shape supports phylogenetic relationships and adaptive radiation in the genusPinguicula(Lentibulariaceae)
Authors: Shimai Hiro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent phylogenetic analyses call into question the morphology-based classification of Pinguicula. Although considerable floral morphological diversity among taxa in the genus is present within a geographical region, the phylogenetic analyses suggest that in many cases the taxa in any such region form a monophyletic group. Floral morphology may well have masked phylogenetic relationships and further evidence is required to clarify the issue. In this study, seed shape and size in Pinguicula from Mexico and higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (Northern) belonging to subgenera Isoloba and Pinguicula, a total of 38 taxa, were compared. Results showed that the seed of Mexican taxa was significantly narrower than that of the Northern taxa. The study suggests that the morphology-based subgeneric division was not supported by statistical analyses of seed characters, whereas the geographical division was supported. The Northern and Mexican taxa can, therefore, be separated by their seed shape and size, and consequently the adaptive radiation inferred by the phylogenetic analyses was strongly supported by seed shape, in addition to life-form and basic chromosome number. The shape of seed remains similar within a lineage in each region with relation to the evolutionary history of the genus.
Curcumin preconditioning enhances the efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to accelerate healing of burn wounds
Authors: Azam Maryam , Ghufran Hafiz , Butt Hira , Mehmood Azra , Ashfaq Ramla , Ilyas Asad M , Ahmad Muhammad R , Riazuddin Sheikh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundFollowing recent findings from our group that curcumin preconditioning augments the therapeutic efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells in the healing of diabetic wounds in rats, we aimed to investigate the regenerative effects of curcumin preconditioned adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) for better recovery of acid inflicted burns in this study.MethodsASCs were preconditioned with 5 μM curcumin for 24 hours and assessed for proliferation, migration, paracrine release potential and gene expression comparative to naïve ASCs. Subsequently, the healing capacity of curcumin preconditioned ASCs (Cur-ASCs) versus naïve ASCs was examined using acidic wounds in rats. For this, acid inflicted burns of 20 mm in diameter were made on the back of male Wistar rats. Then, 2 × 106 cells of Cur-ASCs and naïve ASCs were intradermally injected in the wound periphery (n = 6) for comparison with an untreated saline control. Post-transplantation, wounds were macroscopically analysed and photographed to evaluate the percentage of wound closure and period of re-epithelization. Healed wound biopsies were excised and used for histological evaluation and expression analysis of wound healing markers at molecular level by quantitative PCR and western blotting.ResultsWe found that Cur-ASCs exhibited greater proliferation, migration and paracrine potential in vitro. Further, Cur-ASCs showed more effective recovery than naïve ASCs as exhibited by gross morphology, faster wound closure and earlier re-epithelialization. Masson’s trichrome and hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated the improved architecture of the healing burns, as evidenced by reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, compact collagen and marked granulation in Cur-ASC treated rats. Corroborating these findings, molecular assessment showed significantly reduced expressions of pro-inflammatory factors (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha) a with striking upsurge of an oxidative marker (superoxide dismutase 1), pro-angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha) and collagen markers (transforming growth factor beta 1, fibroblast growth factor-2, collagen type 1 alpha 1), verifying that Cur-ASCs modulate the regulation of pro-inflammatory and healing markers at burn sites.ConclusionsTreatment with Cur-ASCs resulted in faster re-epithelization of acid inflicted burns compared to the treatment with naïve ASCs. Based on observed findings, we suggest the transplantation of Cur-ASCs is a valuable therapy for the potent clinical management of acidic burns.
Doing it Like a Tomboy on Post-2010 Chinese TV
Authors: Zhao Jamie J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Using examples drawn from post-2010 TV in mainland China, I explore tomboyish images as a sign that potentially subverts both traditional feminine ideals and heteronormative expectations for women. I show that contemporary mainland Chinese TV representations of tomboyism have often softened its subversive edge in a hetero-patriarchal-structured society with growing knowledge in feminist and queer cultures. Thus, while adult women’s embodiment of female masculinity might have been tolerated and even commercialized in post-2010 Chinese society and entertainment, there exists an uncomfortable disjuncture between the tomboyism on TV and certain T identities in the off-screen world.
Unmasking the Strongblackwoman in Mentoring
Authors: Durham Aisha 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The strongBlackwoman (SBW; Morgan, 1999) is a hip hop generation cultural script strategically performed by Black women to project authority, competency, and togetherness. It acts as psychic armor to shield against the deadly daily dagger of White heteropatriarchy in the academy. The author recites two indelible moments when she engages as mentor to narratively stage unmasking. Each moment provides a pedagogical opportunity to reimagine so-called failed performances as reclamations of her humanness. In doing so, the author demonstrates how unmasking engages a Black feminist ethic of empathy and exemplifies a Black feminist praxis to engender relatable, compassionate, and life-affirming mentoring.
Variations in Commissural Input Processing Across Different Types of Cortical Projection Neurons
Authors: Yi Jee Hyun , Choe Seo Yeon , Jung Min Whan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To understand how incoming cortical inputs are processed by different types of cortical projection neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex, we compared intrinsic physiological properties of and commissural excitatory/inhibitory influences on layer 5 intratelencephalic (IT), layer 5 pyramidal tract (PT), and layers 2/3 IT projection neurons. We found that intrinsic physiological properties and commissural synaptic transmission varied across the three types of projection neurons. The rank order of intrinsic excitability was layer 5 PT &gt; layer 5 IT &gt; layers 2/3 IT neurons. Commissural connectivity was higher in layers 2/3 than layer 5 projection neurons, but commissural excitatory influence was stronger on layer 5 than layers 2/3 pyramidal neurons. Paired-pulse ratio was also greater in PT than IT neurons. These results indicate that commissural inputs activate deep layer PT neurons most preferentially and superficial layer IT neurons least preferentially. Deep layer PT neurons might faithfully transmit cortical input signals to downstream subcortical structures for reliable control of behavior, whereas superficial layer IT neurons might integrate cortical input signals from diverse sources in support of higher-order cognitive functions.
Determination of BTEX Compounds in Contaminated Water Using the Novel Vacuum-Assisted-Total Vaporization SPME Method and GO-APTES Fiber
Authors: Beiranvand Mohammad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A novel and reliable microextraction technique was used for the fast determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) from contaminated water without any extra steps for the preparation or extraction of the aqueous sample. Vacuum-assisted-total vaporization-solid-phase microextraction (SPME) eliminated one of the partitioning steps in conventional headspace SPME and caused an increase in the sensitivity and speed of the method. A home-made graphene oxide/3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane nanocomposite SPME fiber was synthesized and used as the extraction phase for efficient extraction. Several crucial parameters were optimized, such as the vaporization time and temperature, extraction time and desorption conditions. At the optimum experimental conditions, a linear wide range calibration curve over a wide range of 1–5,000 ng mL−1 and a relative standard deviation (n = 6) of 6.6–7.3% were obtained. The result of the determination of BTEX as a human health risk from real samples, using the proposed method, revealed an acceptable agreement with a valid method.