bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ability of Airless Tires to Self-Purify
Authors: Mazur V V , Rykov S P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A well-known disadvantage of pneumatic tires is the cessation of the ability to work with mechanical damage through and determines the need to search for fundamentally new design solutions for wheels and tires to increase the safety and the survivability of wheeled vehicles. One such solution is the use of airless tires made of elastic polymeric materials. The Department of Mechanical Engineering and Transport of the Bratsk State University has developed full-scale models of wheels with airless tires made of elastic polyurethanes of Russian production and was done experimental studies of their ability to self-purify in the process of rolling on a moist soil surface. Research results may be claimed by manufacturers of automobiles and tractors, construction and road vehicles, special motor vehicles and wheeled planetary rovers
Use of Water Resources for Irrigation in the Southern Regions of Russia
Authors: Isaeva S , Dedova E , Buber A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
To substantiate potential sources of water resources, an integrated approach has been developed, including agroclimatic, hydrological and hydrogeological studies, analysis of the dynamics of the population of the regions and the prospects for the development of agriculture, the use of geoinformation technologies. The conditions for the formation of surface and ground waters were studied, taking into account climate change, as well as anthropogenic impact on water resources. The forecast of the dynamics of water consumption in agriculture on the basis of the development of irrigation of agricultural lands for crop yields increase has been developed. On the basis of the studies performed, sources of additional water resources for the development of irrigation in the south of the European Russia have been identified. A digital and geoinformation database has been developed for visualization of the results of zoning and providing of analytical reports on the use of surface and groundwater for irrigation and agricultural water supply to the public.
The Structure of the Volcanic Lake in the Urbich Caldera (Iturup Island, the Kuril Islands)
Authors: Kozlov D N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article presents and analyzes the original data on the morphological features and the current state of a previously unexplored volcanic lake Krasivoe located in the Urbich caldera (the Southern Kuriles). The bathymetric scheme and echolocation profiles obtained with using of modern technique of digital bathymetric survey with satellite reference along the profile are considered.
On the Effect of Green Spaces on the Natural Risks Associated with Air Quality Decrease of the Urban Environment
Authors: Abramov A V , Pchelenok O A , Kozlova N M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Despite the high interest to the study of the effect of green spaces on the processes of substance migration in the system “lithosphere – biostrome – atmosphere”, the negative aspects of these interactions are not considered. A scheme of the circulation of heavy metals in this system is proposed; dependences for calculating the density of heavy metal flows between components are obtained. Methods are proposed and experimental studies of the dynamics of Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn concentration in each component of the system are carried out. A correlation between the processes of plant growing and the concentration of heavy metals in air was established. The flows of Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn in the system “lithosphere – biostrome – atmosphere” are calculated, graphic representations of their balance are proposed. The diagram analysis which made it possible to establish the fact of the influence of green spaces on their migration at a selected point was carried out.
Analysis of Methods of Protection of Inner Surface of Welds of Field Pipelines
Authors: Karpov A L , Zaripov M Z , Fayrushin A M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to increase corrosion resistance, different types of insulation of the inner surface of pipes are used, but corrosion in this case often occurs on the inner surface of pipes in the zone of annular welded joints, where there is no insulation. There is no doubt that protection of the internal weld joint is an urgent task, the purpose of which is to increase the reliability of pipeline transport systems. There is a problem of insulation of the area of welded joints of pipes. In areas of welded joints of pipelines, effective corrosion protection shall be provided. A variety of methods have been used to protect internal coated welded joints from corrosion. Protective bushings are the most common method of protection of welded joints of field pipelines with internal coating.
Justification of Condensate Recovery during Development of Productive Layers in Termokarstovoye Field
Authors: Inyakina E I , Alsheikhly M D Z , Katanova R K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The tendency of the growth of the share of natural gas in the structure of the fuel and energy balance in Russia has led to active involvement in the industrial development of gas and gas condensate fields located in extreme natural and climatic conditions.
Development of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug fields, in which more than 65% of the explored reserves of Russia are concentrated, is a fundamentally new stage in the theory and practice of design, construction, and operation of such fields.
Justification of condensate recovery during the development of U1 and U2 formations is relevant because the structure of the Termokarstovoye field contains deposits of both massive and reservoir types.
It is advisable to develop massive type gas condensate formations simultaneously either with vertical wells or double-barreled wells with horizontal ending.
Development of productive layers U1 and U2 are being depleted by wells with horizontal opening of the formation.
Moreover, three wells with two horizontal boreholes exploit the U1 formation and two vertical wells are located in the dome zone of the object I.
The placement of double-barreled well number 111 is quite justified, since it is located at the edge of the structure of the U1 formation, close to the internal gas-bearing contour.
The conducted studies significantly allow increasing condensate recovery and the productivity of gas condensate wells, due to the creation of favorable conditions for the removal of condensate to the surface.
Problems and Prospects of Ensuring Food Security in Conditions of Economic Instability: Regional Aspect
Authors: Zakirov I V , Khamadeeva Z A , Aleshkina O V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Food security has come to the fore in the last decade not only in the importance thereof, but also due to the fact that the government of the Russian Federation has given this problem a certain status and legislative support. The priority direction of the state policy for ensuring food security of the Russian Federation covers a wide range of issues related thereto: economic, social, demographic, environmental, etc. Republic of Bashkortostan is able to provide itself with the basic food products and to comply with the basic conditions of food security. However, in this regard, it is required to pursue a more effective investment policy in the agrarian sector of the economy, implement a radical modernisation of the agro-industrial complex, and significantly increase the average per capita income of the population.
Artificial Soil Mix Based on Zoo Compost of the Black Soldier Fly
Authors: Pendyurin E A , Smolenskaya L M , Rybina S Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Compositions of artificial soil mix have been developed that, along with sand and clay, contain wet magnetic separation waste, citrogypsum, and zoo compost of black soldier fly larvae. It has been established that the soil mix compositions are not toxic and can be used to grow watercress.
Gold Cementation in Percolation Mode Using Dendritic Zinc Powders
Authors: Naumov K D , Lobanov V G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Present article is devoted to study of electrolytic zinc powders usage features in gold mining industry. Electrolytic zinc powders characterized by dendritic shape and a high specific surface area. These features of electrolytic zinc powders provide a number of advantages for gold cementation from alkaline cyanide solutions. Dendritic form of electrolytic zinc powder makes it possible to reduce zinc layer hydraulic resistance on filtering surface, which is important when using cementation technologies based on filtration of gold-bearing solution through zinc powder layer. High specific surface area of electrolytic zinc powders favourably affects the rates of gold recovery from cyanide solutions, which is shown in cementation experiments from model and real (industrial) solutions.
Probabilistic Approach to Soil Fertility Conservation by Mathematical Modeling of Technological Processes and Optimization of Resource Use
Authors: Safronova T I , Vladimirov S A , Prikhodko I A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The well-being of the state directly depends on food security. Many factors and indicators affect the stability of food security in the country. It consists of the availability and sufficiency in quantity and quality of food to each resident of the country. Therefore, the main goals of the economic and agricultural policy pursued in Russia are to provide the best and balanced solutions for producing more agricultural products that meet all domestic and foreign quality requirements. In the article, the authors consider the operation mode of a rice irrigation system from a probabilistic point of view. A model of the process of setting the price of planned activities for step-by-step price changes has been compiled. Each period of new planned activities is called a phase. It is assumed that events form a Poisson flow of constant intensity. At the n-th phase, a satisfactory state of the system occurs. The optimization problem of optimal assignment of the events price at each phase is solved and a numerical iterative algorithm for its solution is obtained.
Some Aspects of Developing and Improving the Mechanical and Operational Features of Wheelchairs for People with Limited Mobility
Authors: Chubenko E Ph , Grivanova O V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The present paper presents the field test result softwheel chairs with basic configuration, i.e. self-propelled; motorized with motor-wheels; self-propelled with SOFTWHEELS; and motorized equipped with motor-wheel sand SOFTWHEELS at the same time.
Mechanical and operational performance factors are provided for the self-propelled wheel chairs with basic configuration in order to compare them with the ones equipped with supplementary units.
Special attention is paid to the standard design and operation principles of the Bikight hub motor wheel, its mechanical and operational features that allow moving a wheelchair without applying the force of user’s hands.
Equipping wheel chairs with SOFTWHEEL. So pens new possibilities for people with limited mobility and allows them to travel not only a long well-paved roads but al so along unpaved, gravel, dirt roads and in parks with uneven paths; the vibrations and shocks can be compensated by SOFTWHEELS that greatly improves the quality of motion.
Moving along a bumpy road causes a stiff rim to shrink thus resulting in shock-absorber fluctuations for dampening the vibration and impact for the wheelchair users.
The design of a wheel chair with hub motor wheels and SOFTWHEELS seems to be the most efficient one.
The present paper reviews the mechanical and operational features of the combined use of equipment.
Petrographic Analysis of Basalt from China’s Dalian Field for Making Melt and Fiber by Electric Arcing
Authors: Kondratenko A S , Buyantuev S L , Shishulkin S Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
this paper presents the petrological and chemical tests of basalt rock extracted from the Dalian Field, China, for further smelting in an electric-arc reactor to make melt and further produce fibrous materials. Melt was produced from basalt rock, particles sized 6 to 12 mm. Basalt and the fiber made from it were studied on a microscale by microscopy. Thus, Dalian basalt was found to be an ‘enriched’ ferroalkaline basaltoid with a characteristic high content of iron, alkali, and phosphorus. The microrelief of the basalt indicated considerable metamorphic alterations, due to which the secondary replacement structures developed during the primary phases were predominant. The presented electric-arc smelter had smooth temperature adjustment functionality and was able to maintain a constant temperature in the jet exiting the tap hole for less energy-intensive melt and fiber production.
Landslide Processes Threatening the Historical Objects in the Nizhny Novgorod City
Authors: Dmitriev V V , Fomenko I K , Shubina D D , Gorobtsov D N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article is presented in the framework of the IPL-238 project. The article is concerned with stability assessment problems of historical structures located on steep slopes of the gullies and rivers in Nizhny Novgorod City. Churches, towers, walls, and monasteries that interact with the geological environment are represented as historical natural and technical systems (HNTS). The formation and development features of slope deformations and the results of slopes’ stability calculations are described. The necessity of using modern slope stability assessment methods due to the slow but steady increase in landslide hazard for the historical and cultural heritage objects of Nizhny Novgorod, is proved. Stability calculations for the landslide-prone slopes where the Dudin and the Annunciation monasteries are located are presented.
Assessment of the Stability of Linear Structures in Transitional Natural Regions of the Yakutia Permafrost Zone
Authors: Melnikov A E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The operational reliability of individual road or railway sections represents a function of their initial state, cargo intensity, road maintenance, and, most importantly, the interaction of structures and materials of the roadbed with the environment. A lack of connections between factors affecting the reliability of the railway sector, as well as the random nature of these factors, requires systematic research using specialized techniques. The development and application of such techniques is of particular importance for ensuring the stability of roads in natural regions of a transitional type. The significance of carrying out an assessment of local geological, soil, permafrost and other conditions in such regions is demonstrated on the example of investigating the impact of cryogenic weathering and seismic hazard on the stability of the Amur-Yakutsk Mainline.
Hydrogeological Modeling of the Spread of Pollution from the Historical Landfill Towards the Lakhta Spill, St. Petersburg, Russia
Authors: Dubrova S , Zelenkovskiy P , Podlipskiy I , Bilaya N , Zaripova K 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, the areas subjected to severe anthropogenic disturbance, such as waste landfills, do not meet both the environmental and human health standards and are associated with concepts of "environmental degradation", "pollution" and "environmental risk". In turn, the geochemical influence is associated with almost all types of technogenesis, has a widespread occurrence, occurs during the entire period of use of the territory and affects all components of the natural complex. Taking into account both geological and hydrogeological features of the study areas, predictions of contaminants migration from the historical waste landfills of St. Petersburg to the catchment area of the Gulf of Finland have been compiled. The results demonstrated the usefulness of a step-by-step method, involving increasingly detailed geochemical "portraits" of anthropogenically modified objects, as well as the creation of training geochemical set to predict the changes of functional zones contour.
Fire Safety External Audit Procedure
Authors: Sharafutdinov A A , Krasnov A V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper examines fire safety audit as well as algorithm, main functions and aims of its performance. Existing procedure for evaluation of fire risk is investigated. Methodology was developed for external audit of safety systems in public mass-attendance facilities. It also covers new types of outsourced fire safety services aimed at ensuring fire safety being a fundamental aspect of guaranteed safe operation, economic stability of a company and confidence in the future.
Relationship of the Latest Seismicity of an Active Fault with Variations of Geophysical Fields
Authors: Kamenev P A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
With using of geophysical equipment deployed in the vicinity of the active southern Sakhalin fault, variations of natural geophysical fields were obtained and studied. It is shown that a significant change in the background values of subsurface radon and telluric potentials occurs some time before the seismic event in the instrument observation area, as well as after the events. Together with the medium-term earthquake forecast and geomechanical modeling, these observations can significantly detail the place of preparation for an earthquake, as well as monitor the subsequent development of the implementation of seismic events.
Anomalies in Transport Data
Authors: Pokusaev O , Namiot D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Over time, the analysis of traffic data has come down to predicting traffic flows. Building correspondence matrices describing traffic flows, forecasting traffic flows at a specific point and at a specific time interval is what transport analytics did. However, the development of technology and the economy has led to the fact that the penetration of mobile phones and the efforts of telecommunications operators provide complete information about the movements of mobile devices (their users) in modern cities. This means, in particular, that predicting flows is no longer a task. Other issues come to the fore. And one of them is just an analysis of anomalies. This is necessary, first of all, at the stage of operation of Smart City systems.
Immunohistochemical Method for Detection PCV-2 Antigen in Pigs
Authors: Stafford V V , Streltsova E B , Zaberezhny A D , Aliper T I , Gulyukin A M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Immunohistochemical (IHC) identification of the porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) in organs and tissues was applied for better diagnostics of porcine circovirus disease. The IHC provides an additional confirmation to the diagnosis and allows to access cell and tissue tropism of the virus in pig organs. The research was conducted in animal tissues obtained during the disease outbreaks in pig farms using own monoclonal antibodies to the virus capsid protein. The results of IHC study have provided an insight into etiological role of the PCV-2 in pathological lesions found in all observed parenchymal organs, most of them localized in the lungs and lymph nodes. Accumulation of the virus has been found in the alveolar macrophages and lymph nodes. The lesions detected in other parenchymal organs have not been associated with PCV-2 accumulation.
Comparative Morphological and Functional Characteristics of the Muscle Tissue of Gobies of Cattle of Three Breeds (Hereford, Kazakh White-Headed and Kalmyk)
Authors: Kayumov F G , Shevlyuk N N , Tretyakova R F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Using a complex of morphological methods, the muscle tissue of 18-month-old gobies of three cattle breeds (Hereford, Kazakh white-headed and Kalmyk) was studied. The results of the study showed that in the biceps femoris muscle and the longest muscle of the back of bulls of Hereford breed, the average diameter of muscle fibers was higher than in animals of the Kazakh white-headed and Kalmyk breeds. The thickness of the endomysium in the muscles of the animals studied was in the range of 6–13 μm and had no pronounced breed differences. Among the cellular elements of endomysium, endotheliocytes prevailed. Their share was about 80%. Type 1 collagen was higher in Hereford animals. In the muscles of animals of the Kazakh white-headed and Kalmyk breeds, the content of adipose tissue was higher than in animals of the Hereford breed. The results obtained reflect typical patterns of the structural and functional characteristics of cattle muscle tissue, and also show the range of in-breed variability of the muscle tissue of these animals.
Method Development for Oil Spill Response Under Ice Cover
Authors: Efimov S E , Tikhonov R S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article is continuation of earlier work on the study of oil behavior spilled in ice conditions, results of which showed that, depending on ambient conditions and properties of oil, the latter can be in low-viscosity state, which makes it possible to extract it [1]. The paper presents results of field studies and development of method for containing and gathering oil spilled under the ice cover on their basis. Obtained experimental results are confirmed by mathematical model of the freezing process of water body and substantiate the possibility of containing and gathering oil spilled under the ice.
The Usage of the Fruit-Berry Raw in the Production of Bakery Products
Authors: Kirtaeva T N , Martynova A S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the solubility of product-line expansion and the nutrition value increasing of the bakery products making of the first quality wheaten flour with the help of fruit-berry enrichment. Bakery recipes with pear and black currant jam filling were chosen as a result of studies conducted as the most appropriate filling.
Recreation of Biotic Community from Native Early-Flowering Plants in Greening Urban Lands as a Factor in Preserving the Region’s Biodiversity (the Case of Primorsky Krai)
Authors: Belousova N M , Kirtaeva T N , Rogacheva L F 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the effective ways of preserving native early flowering plants is their introduction, as a result of which it is possible to recreate plant communities in the form of a model similar to the natural prototype according to dominant characters. An analysis of the species biodiversity of herbaceous early flowering native plants for Primorsky Krai made it possible to identify associations taking into account their morphological traits and color scheme, flowering periods, preservation of ornamental qualities during the seasons, and to develop cenosis models for their use in greening urbanized landscapes.
Modeling of the Dynacard of the Rocking Machine Taking into Account the Characteristics of the Drive Unit
Authors: Sadov V B 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The issue of synthesis of models of the "well-rod deep-well pump" system is considered taking into account the characteristics of the mechanical part of the installation with the rod depth pump and the characteristics of the drive. This model allows to obtain dynacards and wattmeterograms, which is important when using it to develop diagnostic and control algorithms. An example of using the mechanics of a traditional rocking machine is considered. The necessary formulas for modeling the oil production process are presented. The obtained model can serve as a basis for constructing virtual and physical stands designed for testing the algorithms for controlling and diagnosing installations with a rod deep pump and testing the efficiency of their control systems. Conclusions are made about the applicability of this approach to the synthesis of models and for other types of actuators of installations with sucker-rod deep pumps.