bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of trunk impairment scale in children with spastic diplegia
Authors: Dasoju Vedasri , Kovela Rakesh Krishna , Tedla Jaya Shanker , Sangadala Devika Rani , Reddy Ravi Shankar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) is a valid and reliable tool to assess trunk impairment in children with heterogeneous cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the TIS in assessing children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. The sample was a total of 30 subjects (15 = boys, 15 = girls). All subjects underwent an assessment of the sitting component of the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 and TIS by rater 1. Rater one observed video recordings within 24 h and scored TIS for intra-rater reliability, while rater two did likewise after 48 h for inter-rater reliability. The mean and standard deviation of the TIS and sitting components of the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 were 15.66 ± 4.20 and 52.36 ± 6.26, respectively. We established intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the TIS with Intra Class Correlation Coefficient 0.991 and 0.972, respectively. The concurrent validity of the TIS with the sitting component of the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 was good, with an r-value of 0.844 (p < 0.001). This study showed the excellent intra-rater and inter-rater reliability and high concurrent validity of the TIS in assessing children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.
Tender and swollen joint counts are poorly associated with disability in chikungunya arthritis compared to rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Watson Hugh , Nogueira-Hayd Ramão Luciano , Rodrigues-Moreno Maony , Naveca Felipe , Calusi Giulia , Suchowiecki Karol , Firestein Gary S. , Simon Gary , Chang Aileen Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChronic rheumatological manifestations similar to those of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are described after chikungunya virus infection. We aimed to compare the relevance of joint counts and symptoms to clinical outcomes in RA and chronic chikungunya disease. Forty patients with chronic chikungunya arthralgia and 40 patients with RA were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The association of tenderness and swelling, clinically assessed in 28 joints, and patient evaluations of pain and musculoskeletal stiffness with modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and quality of life (QoL) assessments were investigated. Tender and swollen joint counts, pain and stiffness scores were all associated with the HAQ disability index in RA (all r > 0.55, p ≤ 0.0002), but only stiffness was significantly associated with disability in chikungunya (r = 0.38, p = 0.02). Joint counts, pain and stiffness were also associated with most QoL domains in RA patients. In contrast, in chikungunya disease, tender joint counts were associated only with one QoL domain and swollen joints for none, while pain and stiffness were associated with several domains. Our results confirm the relevance of joint counts in RA, but suggest that in chronic chikungunya disease, joint counts have more limited value. Stiffness and pain score may be more important to quantify chikungunya arthritis impact.
Progressive backfill mining technology with split and two wings
Authors: Qihua Ma , Weixiang Ma , Jianxiang Gong 
Published: September 2021

:
With the large-scale development of the mining industry, soil and water loss, environmental pollution and other geological disasters ac-companied by coal mining are continually increasing. Therefore, while promoting coal mine production by relying on scientific and technological progress, measures to control and reduce the resulting disasters cannot be ignored. In this paper, taking Xiezhuang coal mine as an example, we have combined its actual production conditions to solve the environmental problems caused by the massive accumulation of surface gangue in Xiezhuang coal mine. Moreover, to improve the efficient recovery of coal resources and ensure the safety of deep resources mining, and to reduce the rock burst and the damage caused to the underground water body, a re-search on forward filling mining technology with split-wing is put forward. This paper mainly discusses the related technologies and laws of forward filling mining method with split-wing, coal mining system, technological process, and filling mining.
Verwendung eines orientierenden Spiritual Needs Screeners bei
onkologischen Patienten
Authors: Büssing Arndt 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungViele Patient*innen mit chronischen Erkrankungen haben dezidierte
existenzielle und spirituelle Bedürfnisse, die aber in der
Routineversorgung kaum berücksichtigt werden – am ehesten noch
in der palliativen Versorgung. Wenn man diese Bedürfnisse in der
Versorgung berücksichtigen möchte, da sich die
Spiritualität einer Person als wichtige Ressource im Umgang mit
schwierigen Lebenssituationen erwiesen hat, dann müssen diese auch
dokumentiert werden. Kritischer Punkt ist hierbei, dass die Frage nach den
spirituellen Bedürfnissen auch in der Anamnese-Erhebung einbezogen ist.
Dies ist in einer standardisierten und strukturierten Form mit dem
deutschsprachigen Spiritual Needs Fragebogen (SpNQ) möglich. Eine
zusätzliche, noch kürzere und damit leichter zu implementierende
Möglichkeit ist die Nutzung des SpNQ-Screeners mit 10 Items, der in
einer Gruppe von 391 Patient*innen mit Tumorerkrankungen eine gute
interne Konsistenz aufwies (Cronbachs alpha=0,86). Bei der assistierten
Beantwortung des SpNQ-Screeners können sich bereits frühzeitig
Gespräche ergeben, die im Sinne des Spiritual Care-Ansatzes zu verstehen
sind und die von den Patient*innen zumeist als hilfreich und
wertschätzend erachtet werden.
Glaucoma following Infant Lensectomy: 2021 Update
Authors: Walton David S. , Yeung Helen H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose To review information pertaining to glaucoma following infant lensectomy surgery and to provide evidence to support the responsible mechanism of this condition.
Methods and Results Described risk factors and proposed mechanisms for infantile aphakic glaucoma were assessed. The clinical evidence observed in affected glaucoma patients was analyzed, and evidence of postoperative anterior chamber fibrosis was reviewed and interpreted.
Conclusion The review and assessment of laboratory and clinical evidence support the proposal that infantile aphakic glaucoma is caused, in part, by postoperative anterior chamber fibroization related to lens cell dispersion and active epithelial-mesenchymal transition with resultant filtration angle tissue injury and loss of function.
Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of 4-(Tosyloxy)quinazolines with H-Phosphonates and Phosphine Oxides: An Efficient Access to 2-(Hetero)aryl-4-phosphorylated Quinazolines
Authors: Peng Yiyuan , Ye Xinglin , Huang Jian , Deng Zhihong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA series of 2-(hetero)aryl-4-phosphorylated quinazolines was successfully synthesized in moderate to excellent yields via a palladium-catalyzed C–O/P–H cross-coupling reaction of 4-(tosyl­oxy)quinazolines with H-phosphonates and phosphine oxides. This efficient and green methodology provides an alternative straightforward protocol for the introduction of phosphorus groups to quinazoline compounds at the C4 position via C–O activation.
The “Shirt Pocket” Technique—An Alternative for Augmentation-Mastopexy
Authors: Barbosa Marcus Vinícius Jardini , Costa de Souza Paulo Henrique , Nahas Fábio Xerfan , Ferreira Lydia Masako 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAugmentation-mastopexy is a frequent procedure with high rates of early recurrence of breast ptosis, mainly after subglandular approach. The dual-plane techniques, based on the cranial dissection of the pectoralis, is the most used, but this plane does not cover the inferior pole of the breast. Then, the possibility of a downward dissection of the muscle seems to be more reasonable to retain the implant and improve postoperative results. This study aimed to review the anatomy of the pectoralis in cadavers and the use of its downward dissection to create a pocket for breast implant as a “shirt pocket.” This maneuver was associated with a superior-based dermoglandular flap to overprotect the inferior pole. No complications were related in the postoperative period. The anatomic review showed that the “shirt pocket” is a safe option if done carefully. The technique demonstrated to be feasible and seemed to be effective, being another alternative to prevent early recurrence of breast ptosis in these procedures.
Double-diffusive natural convection of non-Newtonian nanofluid considering thermal dispersion of nanoparticles in a vertical wavy enclosure
Authors: Nag Preetom , Molla Md. Mamun 
Published: September 2021

The flow field, thermal field, and solutal field exposed to thermal and solutal buoyancy forces have been investigated in detail within a wavy enclosure filled with copper(Cu)–water nanofluid incorporating the non-Newtonian characteristics predicted by the power-law viscosity model. During the convection process, the random motion of ultrafine Cu-nanoparticles causing an enhanced energy exchange rate is determined using the thermal dispersion model. The governing equations in a dimensionless form are numerically solved utilizing the finite volume method incorporated with the semi-implicit method for pressure linked equations-revised algorithm. The simulations are carried out with different pertinent parameters, such as the Rayleigh number, Lewis number, power-law index, volume fraction, and buoyancy ratio. The effect of the above parameters on the local Nusselt number (Nu) and the local Sherwood number (Sh) is analyzed to understand the heat and mass transfer properties from the heated wavy surface. Results show that the heat transfer rate from the wavy surface declines, but the mass transfer rate gets stronger with growing Lewis number. Both the heat and mass transfer rates become optimum when the nanofluid behaves as a shear thinning fluid. The distribution of Nu and Sh is found to be periodically attenuated from the lower end to the upper end along the hot wavy surface. The distribution of Nu and Sh is observed to be locally maximum at the crest point of the wavy surface. New correlations to predict the average heat and mass transfer rate concerning the studied parameters are proposed with remarkable accuracy.
Effect of synchronous robot motion on human synchrony and enjoyment perception
Authors: Meneses Alexis , Yoshikawa Yuichiro , Ishiguro Hiroshi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Enhancing synchronization among people when synchronization is lacking is believed to improve their social skills,
learning processes, and proficiency in musical rhythmic development. Greater synchronization among people can be induced to
improve the rhythmic interaction of a system with multiple dancing robots that dance to a drum beat. A series of experiments were
conducted to examine the human–human synchrony between persons that participated in musical sessions with robots. In this study,
we evaluated: (a) the effect of the number of robots on a subject’s ability to synchronize with an experimenter; (b) the effect of
the type of robot synchrony, namely, whether the robots did or did not represent the subject’s rhythm; (c) the effect of an
in-sync and out-of-sync robot on a subject’s behavior. We found that: (a) three robots increased the level of synchronization
between the subject and experimenter and their enjoyment level; (b) robots may induce greater synchronization between the subject
and experimenter by reproducing the rhythms of not only the experimenter but also of the subject compared to when only the
experimenter’s rhythms had been reproduced; (c) the robots in-sync had greater influence on the natural rhythm of the subject.
Robots as an interactive-social medium in storytelling to multiple children
Authors: Tamura Yumiko , Shiomi Masahiro , Kimoto Mitsuhiko , Iio Takamasa , Shimohara Katsunori , Hagita Norihiro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of group interaction in a storytelling situation for children using two robots: a reader robot and a listener robot as a side-participant. We developed a storytelling system that consists of a reader robot, a listener robot, a display, a gaze model, a depth sensor, and a human operator who responds and provides easily understandable answers to the children’s questions. We experimentally investigated the effects of using a listener robot and either one or two children during a storytelling situation on the children’s preferences and their speech activities. Our experimental results showed that the children preferred storytelling with the listener robot. Although two children obviously produced more speech than one child, the listener robot discouraged the children’s speech regardless of whether one or two were listening.
Do 12-month-old infants maintain expectations of contingent or non-contingent responding based on prior experiences
with unfamiliar and familiar adults?
Authors: Stenberg Gunilla 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The current study examined whether infants use previous encounters for maintaining expectations for adults’
contingent responding. An unfamiliar adult responded contingently or non-contingently to infant signaling during an initial play
situation and 10 min later presented an ambiguous toy while providing positive information (Experiment 1; forty-two
12-month-olds). The infants in the contingent group looked more at the adult during toy presentation and played more with the toy
during the concluding free-play situation than the infants in the non-contingent group. When the parent had responded contingently
or non-contingently to infant bids (Experiment 2; forty 12-month-olds), the infants in the contingent group tended to look more at
the parent and tended to play more with the toy than did the infants in the non-contingent group. The results indicate that from
just a brief exposure, infants form expectations about adults’ responsiveness and maintain these expectations of
contingent/non-contingent responding from one situation to another.
Dysfunction along the continuum of vestibulocochlear anatomy, and the corresponding spectrum of clinical presentation
Authors: Cherchi Marcello , Yacovino Darío Andrés 
Published: September 2021

Objective:
Explore how the terminology of some vestibulocochlear diseases leads to a misleading nosology that probably misrepresents the underlying neuroanatomy and pathology.

Methods:
Review what is known and unknown about neuroanatomical localization of some common vestibulocochlear diseases.

Results:
Literature on this topic often conveys, or strongly implies, discreteness of neuroanatomical localization and corresponding deficits, when in fact several common vestibulocochlear disorders are more likely to involve a continuum both in anatomy and in clinical presentation.

Conclusion:
Having recognized the misleading nature of the common classifications of these diseases, we suggest several strategies for improving diagnosis. Some of these suggestions are immediately applicable to the practice of vestibular medicine; others have potential relevance for emerging and future therapeutics.
Development and Validation of a UPLC–MS/MS Method for Ultra-Trace Level Determination of Acyl Chloride Potential Genotoxic Impurity in Mezlocillin
Authors: Chen Yuanqiu , Huang Lianzhou , Yuan Xiao , Luo Feng , Pu Hanlin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
3-Chlorocarbonyl-1-methanesulfonyl-2-imidazolidinone (CMI) is a critical intermediate used in the synthesis of mezlocillin drug substance and also a potential genotoxic impurity with acyl chloride moiety. The content of CMI in mezlocillin should be &lt;0.16 ppm to avoid the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity threats to patients. Therefore, a workable determination of CMI was critically crucial for ensuring the safety of mezlocillin drug products. However, the conventional HPLC method is insufficient for detection limits at ppm or lower levels. Besides, the high activity of acyl chloride also raises a challenge to the direct measurement of CMI. Thus, we explored a simple esterification approach, which converts CMI into methyl 3-(methylonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxylate completely by optimizing the reaction temperature and time. Furthermore, the selected reaction monitoring model of triple quadrupole mass spectrometer optimized by the Box–Behnken design significantly enhanced the sensitivity of ultra-trace level determination. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of the method were reached 0.014 and 0.02 ppm, respectively, in the following validation study. A sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for ultra-trace level determination of acyl chloride potential genotoxic impurity in mezlocillin drug substance has been successfully established in this study, which will provide a practical quality control tool of mezlocillin.
Group Companies and Climate Justice
Authors: Benjamin Lisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A string of corporate litigation cases in the United Kingdom highlights the role of corporate group structures in complicating efforts to impose liability on parent companies for the activities of their subsidiaries, particularly where those subsidiaries are located in the Global South. Corporate group structures serve to insulate parent companies against liability for actions of their subsidiaries. This is the case even where economic benefits accrue to parent companies, which are often incorporated in the Global North. These group structures cabin liability for environmental and climate harms within subsidiary companies through reliance on company law principles such as limited liability and separate legal personality. These company law principles allow parent companies to enjoy corporate profits from the activities of their subsidiaries but disavow liability for any environmental damage resulting from such activities. This dichotomy has obvious equity implications, which are exacerbated in the extractive industries and in the context of climate change.
Negative climate impacts are and will be felt predominantly in the Global South. In addition, environmental damage removes avenues of climate adaptation for vulnerable populations. But company law principles are not impervious to these equity challenges. These principles have never been absolute and courts have consistently found exceptions to them, although those exceptions have fluctuated in effectiveness and frequency over the years. Recent decisions by the Court of Appeal and Supreme Court in the United Kingdom imposed duties on parent companies for environmental damage caused by their subsidiaries. Cases following the decision in Chandler v Cape Industries illustrate tension between company law as interpreted in the Global North, and climate and environmental justice as experienced in the Global South. Climate change forces a reconceptualization of company law, including transnational corporate liability. This paper argues that these reconsiderations are not only appropriate, but given the contested histories of many of these companies in the Global South, long overdue.
Gut microbiota, dysbiosis and atrial fibrillation. Arrhythmogenic mechanisms and potential clinical implications
Authors: Gawałko Monika , Agbaedeng Thomas A , Saljic Arnela , Müller Dominik N , Wilck Nicola , Schnabel Renate , Penders John , Rienstra Michiel , van Gelder Isabelle , Jespersen Thomas , Schotten Ulrich , Crijns Harry J G M , Kalman Jonathan M , Sanders Prashanthan , Nattel Stanley , Dobrev Dobromir , Linz Dominik 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRecent preclinical and observational cohort studies have implicated imbalances in gut microbiota composition as a contributor to atrial fibrillation (AF). The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem containing trillions of microorganisms, which produces bioactive metabolites influencing host health and disease development. In addition to host-specific determinants, lifestyle-related factors such as diet and drugs are important determinants of the gut microbiota composition. In this review, we discuss the evidence suggesting a potential bidirectional association between AF and gut microbiota, identifying gut microbiota-derived metabolites as possible regulators of the AF substrate. We summarize the effect of gut microbiota on the development and progression of AF risk factors, including heart failure, hypertension, obesity, and coronary artery disease. We also discuss the potential anti-arrhythmic effects of pharmacological and diet-induced modifications of gut microbiota composition, which may modulate and prevent the progression to AF. Finally, we highlight important gaps in knowledge and areas requiring future investigation. Although data supporting a direct relationship between gut microbiota and AF are very limited at the present time, emerging preclinical and clinical research dealing with mechanistic interactions between gut microbiota and AF is important as it may lead to new insights into AF pathophysiology and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for AF.
151 A RANDOMIZED,OPEN CLINICAL TRIAL TO COMPARE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ANLOTINIB PLUS IRINOTECAN VERSUS IRINOTECAN IN PATIENTS WITH ESCC
Authors: Wang Feng , Meng Xiangrui , Liu Hangrui , Fan Qingxia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The benefit of systemic treatment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) which has progressed after chemotherapy is still uncertain. Anlotinib (AL3818) is a novel multi-target TKI, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and proliferation. A phase II trial (NCT02649361) has demonstrated that anlotinib has a durable antitumor activity with a manageable adverse event profile in refractory metastatic ESCC. This study (NCT03387904) aimed at comparing the effects and safety of Anlotinib Plus Irinotecan versus Irinotecan in patients with ESCC.

Methods
We conducted a prospective randomized, multicenter, phase II trial to compare the efficacy of Anlotinib Plus Irinotecan with Irinotecan in recurrent ESCC patients who had resistance to platinum or taxane-based chemotherapy. Eligible patients were adults with pathologically confirmed recurrent ESCC, and 82 patients were randomized 1:1 to Irinotecan (65 mg/m2/day 1 and day 8) with or without anlotinib (12 mg qd day 1 to 14) of a 21-day cycle till progression or intolerable. The primary endpoint is the disease control rate (DCR) and progression-free survival (PFS) and the secondary end points are objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS).

Results
Between 13/1 2019 and 20/1 2020, a total of 43 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the anlotinib plus irinotecan (n = 22) or the irinotecan group (n = 21).The mPFS was longer in trial group than in control group (89 days vs 66 days, HR = 0.447, P = 0.055). The Disease control rate (DCR) was 54.5% in trial group and 38.1% in the control group. The treatment-related adverse events (&gt;10%) were fatigue (59.1%), nausea (50.0%), decreased appetite (36.4%), hoarseness (27.3%), thyroid-stimulating hormone elevation (22.7%), diarrhea (9.1%), and decreased lymphocytes count(9.1%) in trial group. Grade 3 AEs included fatigue (4.5% vs 4.8%), nausea (4.5% vs 0%) and diarrhea (4.5% vs 0%) in two groups.

Conclusion
Anlotinib plus irinotecan was similarly tolerable but prolonged PFS compared to irinotecan monotherapy as a second-line treatment in patients with recurrent ESCC.