bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroptosis: a cell death connecting oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Yu Yi , Yan Yuan , Niu Fanglin , Wang Yajun , Chen Xueyi , Su Guodong , Liu Yuru , Zhao Xiling , Qian Lu , Liu Ping , Xiong Yuyan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFerroptosis, a recently identified and iron-dependent cell death, differs from other cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death. This form of cell death does not exhibit typical morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell shrinkage, mitochondrial fragmentation, nuclear condensation. The dysfunction of lipid peroxide clearance, the presence of redox-active iron as well as oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids are three essential features of ferroptosis. Iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation signaling are increasingly recognized as central mediators of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis plays an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that ferroptosis is implicated in a variety of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure, indicating that targeting ferroptosis will present a novel therapeutic approach against cardiovascular diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the features, process, function, and mechanisms of ferroptosis, and its increasingly connected relevance to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases.
Nuclear iASPP determines cell fate by selectively inhibiting either p53 or NF-κB
Authors: Ge Wenjie , Wang Yudong , Zheng Shanliang , Zhao Dong , Wang Xingwen , Zhang Xiaoshi , Hu Ying 
Published: July 2021

Abstractp53 and NF-κBp65 are essential transcription factors (TFs) in the cellular response to stress. Two signaling systems can often be entwined together and generally produce opposing biological outcomes in a cell context-dependent manner. Inhibitor of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) has the potential to inhibit both p53 and NF-κBp65, yet how such activities of iASPP are integrated with cancer remains unknown. Here, we utilized different cell models with diverse p53/NF-κBp65 activities. An iASPP(295–828) mutant, which is exclusively located in the nucleus and has been shown to be essential for its inhibitory effects on p53/NF-κBp65, was used to investigate the functional interaction between iASPP and the two TFs. The results showed that iASPP inhibits apoptosis under conditions when p53 is activated, while it can also elicit a proapoptotic effect when NF-κBp65 alone is activated. Furthermore, we demonstrated that iASPP inhibited the transcriptional activity of p53/NF-κBp65, but with a preference toward p53, thereby producing an antiapoptotic outcome when both TFs were simultaneously activated. This may be due to stronger binding between p53 and iASPP than NF-κBp65 and iASPP. Overall, these findings provide important insights into how the activities of p53 and NF-κBp65 are modulated by iASPP. Despite being a well-known oncogene, iASPP may have a proapoptotic role, which will guide the development of iASPP-targeted therapies to reach optimal outcomes in the future.
IMPDH2: a new gene associated with dominant juvenile-onset dystonia-tremor disorder
Authors: Kuukasjärvi Anna , Landoni Juan C. , Kaukonen Jyrki , Juhakoski Mika , Auranen Mari , Torkkeli Tommi , Velagapudi Vidya , Suomalainen Anu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe aetiology of dystonia disorders is complex, and next-generation sequencing has become a useful tool in elucidating the variable genetic background of these diseases. Here we report a deleterious heterozygous truncating variant in the inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase gene (IMPDH2) by whole-exome sequencing, co-segregating with a dominantly inherited dystonia-tremor disease in a large Finnish family. We show that the defect results in degradation of the gene product, causing IMPDH2 deficiency in patient cells. IMPDH2 is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, a dopamine synthetic pathway previously linked to childhood or adolescence-onset dystonia disorders. We report IMPDH2 as a new gene to the dystonia disease entity. The evidence underlines the important link between guanine metabolism, dopamine biosynthesis and dystonia.
Giving superabsorbent polymers a second life as pressure-sensitive adhesives
Authors: Chazovachii P. Takunda , Somers Madeline J. , Robo Michael T. , Collias Dimitris I. , James Martin I. , Marsh E. Neil G. , Zimmerman Paul M. , Alfaro Jose F. , McNeil Anne J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn estimated 6.3 billion metric tons of post-consumer polymer waste has been produced, with the majority (79%) in landfills or the environment. Recycling methods that utilize these waste polymers could attenuate their environmental impact. For many polymers, recycling via mechanical processes is not feasible and these materials are destined for landfills or incineration. One salient example is the superabsorbent material used in diapers and feminine hygiene products, which contain crosslinked sodium polyacrylates. Here we report an open-loop recycling method for these materials that involves (i) decrosslinking via hydrolysis, (ii) an optional chain-shortening via sonication, and (iii) functionalizing via Fischer esterification. The resulting materials exhibit low-to-medium storage and loss moduli, and as such, are applicable as general-purpose adhesives. A life cycle assessment demonstrates that the adhesives synthesized via this approach outcompete the same materials derived from petroleum feedstocks on nearly every metric, including carbon dioxide emissions and cumulative energy demand.
Irrigated areas drive irrigation water withdrawals
Authors: Puy Arnald , Borgonovo Emanuele , Lo Piano Samuele , Levin Simon A. , Saltelli Andrea 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA sustainable management of global freshwater resources requires reliable estimates of the water demanded by irrigated agriculture. This has been attempted by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) through country surveys and censuses, or through Global Models, which compute irrigation water withdrawals with sub-models on crop types and calendars, evapotranspiration, irrigation efficiencies, weather data and irrigated areas, among others. Here we demonstrate that these strategies err on the side of excess complexity, as the values reported by FAO and outputted by Global Models are largely conditioned by irrigated areas and their uncertainty. Modelling irrigation water withdrawals as a function of irrigated areas yields almost the same results in a much parsimonious way, while permitting the exploration of all model uncertainties. Our work offers a robust and more transparent approach to estimate one of the most important indicators guiding our policies on water security worldwide.
Diversification of mandarin citrus by hybrid speciation and apomixis
Authors: Wu Guohong Albert , Sugimoto Chikatoshi , Kinjo Hideyasu , Azama Chika , Mitsube Fumimasa , Talon Manuel , Gmitter Frederick G. , Rokhsar Daniel S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe origin and dispersal of cultivated and wild mandarin and related citrus are poorly understood. Here, comparative genome analysis of 69 new east Asian genomes and other mainland Asian citrus reveals a previously unrecognized wild sexual species native to the Ryukyu Islands:C. ryukyuensissp. nov. The taxonomic complexity of east Asian mandarins then collapses to a satisfying simplicity, accounting for tachibana, shiikuwasha, and other traditional Ryukyuan mandarin types as homoploid hybrid species formed by combiningC. ryukyuensiswith various mainland mandarins. These hybrid species reproduce clonally by apomictic seed, a trait shared with oranges, grapefruits, lemons and many cultivated mandarins. We trace the origin of apomixis alleles in citrus to mangshanyeju wild mandarins, which played a central role in citrus domestication via adaptive wild introgression. Our results provide a coherent biogeographic framework for understanding the diversity and domestication of mandarin-type citrus through speciation, admixture, and rapid diffusion of apomictic reproduction.
Overlimiting current near a nanochannel a new insight using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Manikandan D. , Nandigana Vishal V. R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we report for the first time overlimiting current near a nanochannel using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Here, the simulated system consists of a silicon nitride nanochannel integrated with two reservoirs. The reservoirs are filled with $${0.1} \, \hbox {M}$$

0.1

M

potassium chloride (KCl) solution. A total of $${\sim } 1.1$$

∼
1.1

million atoms are simulated with a total simulation time of $${\sim } 1 {\mu s}$$

∼
1

μ
s

over $${\sim }$$
∼
30000 CPU hours using 128 core processors (Intel(R) E5-2670 2.6 GHz Processor). The origin of overlimiting current is found to be due to an increase in chloride ($${Cl^-}$$

C

l
-

) ion concentration inside the nanochannel leading to an increase in ionic conductivity. Such effects are seen due to charge redistribution and focusing of the electric field near the interface of the nanochannel and source reservoir. Also, from the MD simulations, we observe that the earlier theoretical and experimental postulations of strong convective vortices resulting in overlimiting current are not the true origin for overlimiting current. Our study may open up new theories for the mechanism of overlimiting current near the nanochannel interconnect devices.
An ultra-portable, self-contained point-of-care nucleic acid amplification test for diagnosis of active COVID-19 infection
Authors: Deng Hao , Jayawardena Asanka , Chan Jianxiong , Tan Sher Maine , Alan Tuncay , Kwan Patrick 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere is currently a high level of demand for rapid COVID-19 tests, that can detect the onset of the disease at point of care settings. We have developed an ultra-portable, self-contained, point-of-care nucleic acid amplification test for diagnosis of active COVID-19 infection, based on the principle of loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The LAMP assay is 100% sensitive and specific to detect a minimum of 300 RNA copies/reaction of SARS-CoV-2. All of the required sample transportation, lysing and amplification steps are performed in a standalone disposable cartridge, which is controlled by a battery operated, pocket size (6x9x4cm3) unit. The test is easy to operate and does not require skilled personnel. The total time from sample to answer is approximately 35 min; a colorimetric readout indicates positive or negative results. This portable diagnostic platform has significant potential for rapid and effective testing in community settings. This will accelerate clinical decision making, in terms of effective triage and timely therapeutic and infection control interventions.
All-cause mortality of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study in Korea
Authors: Ko Sung Jun , Choi Sun Mi , Han Kyung-Do , Lee Chang-Hoon , Lee Jinwoo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMost epidemiologic studies of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been conducted in North America and Europe. Moreover, there are limited data concerning the cause of death and cause-specific mortality rate of IPF patients in population-based studies. We analyzed information from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database from 2006 to 2016. Patients with a diagnosis code of IPF were extracted from the database and we included those who satisfied the narrow definition of IPF diagnosis. Age- and sex-matched controls were randomly selected at a case-to-control rate of 1:3. We included 42,777 patients newly diagnosed with IPF during the study period. Their mean age was 64.6 years, and 65.4% were male. The age-standardized mortality rates were 85.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] 84.45–86.89) per 1000 person-years. The survival rates of IPF patients 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 years after IPF diagnosis were 84.5%, 77.4%, 71.9%, 62.9%, and 48.4%, respectively. The standardized mortality ratio of IPF patients compared to that of the normal population was 4.66. The leading cause of death in IPF patients was respiratory causes, followed by cancer. Patients with IPF in Korea showed significantly higher mortality compared to the general population.
Commuting in metapopulation epidemic modeling
Authors: Lipshtat Azi , Alimi Roger , Ben-Horin Yochai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic led authorities all over the world to imposing travel restrictions both on a national and on an international scale. Understanding the effect of such restrictions requires analysis of the role of commuting and calls for a metapopulation modeling that incorporates both local, intra-community infection and population exchange between different locations. Standard metapopulation models are formulated as markovian processes, and as such they do not label individuals according to their original location. However, commuting from home to work and backwards (reverse commuting) is the main pattern of transportation. Thus, it is important to be able to accurately model the effect of commuting on epidemic spreading. In this study we develop a methodology for modeling bidirectional commuting of individuals, without keeping track of each individual separately and with no need of proliferation of number of compartments beyond those defined by the epidemiologic model. We demonstrate the method using a city map of the state of Israel. The presented algorithm does not require any special computation resources and it may serve as a basis for intervention strategy examination in various levels of complication and resolution. We show how to incorporate an epidemiological model into a metapopulation commuting scheme while preserving the internal logic of the epidemiological modeling. The method is general and independent on the details of the epidemiological model under consideration.
Assessment of thoracic aorta in different cardiac phases in patients with non-aorta diseases using cardiac CT
Authors: Zheng Xue , Deng Yu-jiao , Han Fu-Gang , Zhou Jin-Rong , Luo Li , Chen Jing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe aim was to evaluate the thoracic aorta in different cardiac phases to obtain the correct cardiac phase for measuring the maximum diameter required to predict aortic disease. Cardiac CT was performed on 97 patients for suspected coronary artery disease. The average diameter of ascending (AAD) and descending aorta (DAD) in the plane of pulmonary bifurcation, in the plane of the sinus junction (AAD [STJ] and DAD [STJ]), descending aorta in the plane of the diaphragm (DAD [Dia]), the diameter of the main pulmonary artery (MPAD), distance from the sternum to the spine (S-SD), and distance from the sternum to the ascending aorta (S-AAD) were assessed at 20 different time points in the cardiac cycle. Differences in aortic diameter in different cardiac phases and the correlation between aortic diameter and traditional risk factors were analyzed by the general linear mixed model. The diameter of the thoracic aorta reached the minimum at the phase of 95–0%, and reached the maximum at 30–35%. The maximum values of AAD, AAD (STJ), DAD, DAD (STJ), and DAD (Dia) were 32.51 ± 3.35 mm, 28.86 ± 3.01 mm, 23.46 ± 2.88 mm, 21.85 ± 2.58 mm, and 21.09 ± 2.66 mm, respectively. The maximum values of MPAD/AAD and DAD/AAD (STJ) were 0.8140 ± 0.1029, 0.7623 ± 0.0799, respectively. The diameter of the thoracic aorta varies with the cardiac phase. Analyzing the changes in aortic diameter, which can be done using cardiac CT, could provide a more accurate clinical measurement for predicting aortic disease.
Comparison of metabolites and variety authentication of Amomum tsao-ko and Amomum paratsao-ko using GC–MS and NIR spectroscopy
Authors: Qin Huiwei , Wang Yuanzhong , Yang Weize , Yang Shaobing , Zhang Jinyu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAmomum tsao-ko, as an edible and medicinal variety, has been cultivated for more than 600 years in China. Recently, two cultivars, A. tsao-ko and Amomum paratsao-ko, were found in A. tsao-ko planting area. The two cultivars are often confused because of the similar phenotype and difficult to distinguish through sensory judgment. In this study, the non-targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) metabolomics combined with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were used for dissecting the two cultivars with phenotypic differences. According to principal component analysis (PCA) loading diagram and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) S-plot of the metabolites, the accumulation of major components including 1,8-cineole, α-phellandrene, (E)-2-decenal, (−)-β-pinene, (E)-2-octenal, 1-octanal, D-limonene, and decanal, were present differences between the two cultivars. Seven metabolites potential differentiated biomarkers as β-selinene, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, (E,Z)-2,6-dodecadienal, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-decenal, isogeranial, 1,8-cineole and β-cubebene were determined. Although A. tsao-ko and A. paratsao-ko belong to the same genera and are similar in plant and fruit morphology, the composition and content of the main components were exposed significant discrepancy, so it is necessary to distinguish them. In this study, the discriminant model established by GC–MS or NIRS combined with multivariate analysis has achieved a good classification effect. NIRS has the advantages of simple, fast and nondestructive and can be used for rapid identification of varieties and fruit tissues.
Quasi-phase-matched laser wakefield acceleration of electrons in an axially density-modulated plasma channel
Authors: Sedaghat M. , Barzegar S. , Niknam A. R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractQuasi-phase matching in corrugated plasma channels has been proposed as a way to overcome the dephasing limitation in laser wakefield accelerators. In this study, the phase-lock dynamics of a relatively long electron bunch injected in an axially-modulated plasma waveguide is investigated by performing particle simulations. The main objective here is to obtain a better understanding of how the transverse and longitudinal components of the wakefield as well as the initial properties of the beam affect its evolution and qualities. The results indicate that the modulation of the electron beam generates trains of electron microbunches. It is shown that increasing the initial energy of the electron beam leads to a reduction in its final energy spread and produces a more collimated electron bunch. For larger bunch diameters, the final emittance of the electron beam increases due to the stronger experienced transverse forces and the larger diameter itself. Increasing the laser power improves the maximum energy gain of the electron beam. However, the stronger generated focusing and defocusing fields degrade the collimation of the bunch.
Water and oxygen co-induced microstructure relaxation and evolution in CH3NH3PbI3
Authors: Wu Guangcheng , Dong Xuting , Xiu Jingwei , Yu Yao , Gu Min , Tang Tong B. , Zuo Zewen , Liu Yong , Cui Guanglei 
Published: July 2021

The dielectric spectrum was used to investigate the perovskite degradation. A Debye-type relaxation was observed under water and oxygen co-existence condition, and was then revealed as dipole reorientation formed by MA+ and O2−.
Microarray analysis of genes with differential expression of m6A methylation in lung cancer
Authors: Wu Shuo , Lv Xing , Zhang Yan , Xu Xi , Zhao Feng , Zhang Yao , Chen Lizhan , ou-Yang Haifeng , Ti Xinyu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is among the most abundant mRNA modifications in eukaryote. The aim of the present study was to investigate function of m6A mRNA methylation in lung cancer and the underlying mechanism.
Methods: Microarray analysis was performed to detect the differences in RNA expression between cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples. The target mRNAs were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Hierarchical clustering of RNAs was conducted to identify distinct m6A methylation or expression patterns between the samples.
Results: In the present study, some differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of mRNAs were identified, including up-regulated secret phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) and down-regulated pRB. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that while differential hypermethylation was related to cell cycle, intracellular part and protein binding, the main pathway involved herpes simplex virus 1 infection related to down-regulated AKT, Araf1 and BCL2A1. In the meantime, sexual reproduction, cohesin complex and protein C-terminus binding was functionally linked to differential hypomethylation, while fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis were identified as the main pathways related to up-regulated GST and CNP.
Conclusions: We showed that lung cancer development involved differential expression of SPP1 and pRB mRNA, as well as m6A mRNA methylation in AKT, APAF1, BCL2A1, GST and CNP genes.
A Simplified Approach to Quantifying a Child's Bilingual Language Experience
Authors: Calandruccio Lauren , Beninate Isabella , Oleson Jacob , Miller Margaret K. , Leibold Lori J. , Buss Emily , Rodriguez Barbara L. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
Bilingual children's linguistic experience can vary markedly from child to child. For appropriate audiological assessment and intervention, audiologists need accurate and efficient ways to describe and understand a bilingual child's dynamic linguistic experience. This report documents an approach for quantitatively capturing a child's language exposure and usage in a time-efficient manner.

Method
A well-known pediatric bilingual language survey was administered to 83 parents of bilingual children, obtaining information about the child's exposure to (input) and usage of (output) Spanish and English for seventeen 1-hr intervals during a typical weekday and weekend day.

Results
A factor analysis indicated that capturing linguistic exposure and usage over three grouped-time intervals during a typical weekday and weekend day accounted for ≥ 74% of the total variance of the linguistic information captured with the full-length survey.

Conclusions
Although further confirmation is required, these results suggest that collecting language exposure and usage data from parents of bilingual children for three grouped-time intervals provides similar information as a comprehensive hour-by-hour approach. A time-efficient method of capturing the dynamic bilingual linguistic experience of a child would benefit pediatric audiologists and speech-language pathologists alike.