bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of microstructure and mechanical characteristic of underwater friction stir welding for Aluminum 6061 alloy – Silicon carbide (SiC) metal matrix composite
Authors: Sabry Ibrahim 
Published: December 2021

Demand for metal matrix composites (MMCs) is expected to increase in these applications, such as ‎in the aerospace and automotive sectors. Adequate joining techniques, which are important for ‎structural materials, have not yet been developed for Metal Matrix Composite (MMCs), however. ‎This work aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of ‎friction stir welding (FSW) and ‎underwater friction stir welding (UFSW) for joining Al 6061/5, Al 6061/10, and Al ‎‎6061/18 wt. %SiC composites have been produced by utilizing reinforce stir casting technique. Two ‎rotational ‎speeds,1000and 1800 rpm, and traverse speed 10mm \ min were examined. Specimen ‎composite plates 10 mm thick have been successfully welded by FSW. For FSW and UFSW, a tool ‎made of high-speed steel (HSS) with a conical pin shape was used. The result revealed that the ‎ultimate tensile strength of the welded joint by FSW and UFSW at rotation speed 1800 rpm for (Al ‎‎6061/18 wt. ‎‎% SiC composites) was 195 MPa and 230 MPa respectively. The ultimate ‎tensile ‎strength of the welded joint by FSW and UFSW (Al 6061/18 wt.% SiCe composites) was 165 MPa ‎and 180 MPa at rotation speed ‎‎1000 rpm respectively. The microstructural assessment showed that due ‎to larger grain sizes at FSW and UFSW, most of the fractures are located in the thermal ‎mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) adjacent to the weld nugget zone (WNZ). It is observed that in ‎failure, most of the joints show ductile features. As the volume fraction of SiC (18 wt.%) increases, ‎the friction stir welded and underwater friction stir welded efficiency decreases.
Factors Influencing US Hospital and Medical School Participation in Pediatric COVID-19 Research
Authors: Tumin Dmitry , Khanchandani Ashish , Sasser Georgia , Buckman Cierra 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Literature suggests that funding for pediatric clinical trials is inequitably awarded. Furthermore, although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected all hospitals, institutions with already limited resources were more severely impacted. We hypothesized that there would be difference in schools and hospitals that were able to participate in the initial round of pediatric COVID-19 clinical research.

METHODS
We searched online databases for preregistered studies using the keywords “COVID-19,” “COVID,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “2019-nCov,” “2019 novel coronavirus,” and “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.” Search results were limited to studies enrolling participants from birth to 17 years, studies started in 2020, and studies originating in the United states. We calculated the proportion of institutions with active COVID-19 pediatric clinical studies in 2020 and compared institutional characteristics between institutions with and without at least one qualifying COVID-19 study, using rank-sum tests, χ2 tests, or Fisher’s exact tests, as appropriate.

RESULTS
We identified 150 allopathic medical schools, 34 osteopathic medical schools, and 178 children’s hospitals meeting inclusion criteria. Among included institutions, 25% of medical schools and 20% children’s hospitals participated in 1 of the registered pediatric COVID-19 studies the year before the study period. Institutions that participated in pediatric COVID-19 studies had more publications, more National Institutes of Health funding, and more studies registered on Clinicaltrials.gov in 2019.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite the pandemic affecting everyone, participation in early clinical research on the impact of COVID-19 in pediatric populations was concentrated in a few well-resourced institutions that were highly experienced in research.
Kifotik postürlü adölesan kızlarda omuz retraksiyon ortezi ile postür egzersizlerinin kifoza, servikal tilte ve skapular protraksiyona etkileri
Authors: YAŞİN Tansu , USGU Serkan 
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kifotik postüre sahip adölesan kızlarda postür egzersiz eğitimi ve omuz retraksiyon ortezinin kifoza, servikal tilte ve skapular protraksiyona olan etkisini araştırmak amacı ile yapıldı.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya postüral kifozu olan 30 adölesan kız dahil edildi. Bireyler basit rastgele yöntem ile egzersiz (n=15, yaş ortalaması:13,73±0,46 yıl, VKİ: 20,61±1,98 kg/m2) ve ortez (n=15, yaş ortalaması: 13,73±0,46 yıl, VKİ: 20,19±1,72 kg/m2) grubuna ayrıldı. 8 hafta boyunca egzersiz grubuna (30-40 dk/gün/hafta) spinal ekstansörleri ve skapula kaslarını kuvvetlendirme, skapula stabilizasyonu, pektoral germe içeren postür egzersiz eğitimi verildi. Ortez grubu 8 hafta boyunca omuz retraksiyon ortezini (8 saat/gün/hafta) kullandı. Kifoz, esnek cetvel ölçüm yöntemiyle elde edilen kifoz indeksi ile değerlendirildi. Anterior servikal tilti değerlendirmek için tragus-duvar mesafesi, skapula protraksiyonu değerlendirmek için iki skapulanın inferior ucu arasındaki mesafe ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Gruplar kendi içerisinde eğitim öncesi ve sonrası verileri karşılaştırıldığında kifoz indeksi, servikal tilt ve skapula protraksiyonunda iyileşme (p0,05).
Sonuç: Postür egzersiz eğitimi ve omuz retraksiyon ortezi adölesan kızlarda postüral kifozun azaltılmasında etkilidir. Her iki yöntemin kombine kullanıldığı, uzun dönemli takiplerin yapıldığı randomize kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Between an Object and a Person: an Inverted Image / Icon
Authors: Popović Una 
Published: December 2021

Relations between persons in the contemporary world often resemble those of the same persons towards objects. We are accustomed to ‘use’ – and even see – others as if they are, to put it in Kantian terms, merely a means to an end, and not as if they are an end in themselves. Such blurring of lines between objects and persons surely has significant moral and political consequences. However, in this paper I reach instead for a very traditional example and suggest it as a possible model for understanding these contemporary issues. I’d like to offer an analysis of icons, with regard to the concepts of latreia (worship) and proskynesis (devotion), developed and discussed in the Byzantine empire during the era of iconoclasm. By revisiting this old quarrel, I wish to invert the issue of persons becoming (like) objects, since in the case of the icons the question is whether an object can and should be treated as a person. Such an inverted image could, in my opinion, offer us a new perspective on contemporary intersubjective relations and present us with a double optic, which can teach us to distinguish between esteem for objects and respect for persons.
Idea praw człowieka – chwiejący się monument europejskiej kultury. Polemika z Rezolucją Parlamentu Europejskiego w sprawie ogłoszenia UE strefą wolności osób LGBTIQ
Authors: Bobko Aleksander 
Published: December 2021

W artykule podjęta zostaje kwestia wykorzystania idei praw człowieka we współczesnych sporach na temat praw mniejszości seksualnych. W pierwszej części zostają przypomniane filozoficzne fundamenty, na których zasadza się idea praw człowieka. Podkreślony jest związek pomiędzy prawami jednostki a moralnymi obowiązkami. W części drugiej analizowane są treści i przesłanie, które zawiera w sobie Rezolucja Parlamentu Europejskiego w sprawie ogłoszenia UE strefą wolności osób LGBTIQ z 11 marca 2021 roku. W ocenie autora dokument ten może stanowić przykład instrumentalnego wykorzystania idei praw człowieka, co grodzi zachwianiem pozycji tego swoistego „monumentu”, który w europejskiej i światowej kulturze oraz praktyce politycznej odgrywa niezwykle istotną rolę.
Cykliczny i linearny obraz dziejów w historiozofii XX wieku na podstawie myśli Oswalda Spenglera i Francisa Fukuyamy
Authors: Tomasiewicz Marcin 
Published: December 2021

W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowane zostały dwa modele historiozoficzne, obecne w filozofii dziejów XX wieku. Pierwszy, zakładający cykliczność dziejów, ukazany został na podstawie dzieła Oswalda Spenglera Zmierz Zachodu. Drugi z kolei, linearny, stanowił założenie filozofii dziejów zawartej w Końcu historii i Ostatnim człowieku Francisa Fukuyamy. W tym kontekście poruszone zostały kwestie postępu i regresu, nieodwracalności procesu historycznego oraz determinizmu dziejowego. W podsumowaniu autor zwraca uwagę na to, w jaki sposób wybór określonej koncepcji dziejów: linearnej lub cyklicznej, koresponduje z krytyką bądź afirmacją zastanego porządku społeczno-politycznego. Jednocześnie zostaje postawione pytanie o znaczenie pojęcia „kultury”, jako charakterystycznego dla historiozofii XX wieku podmiotu dziejów.
Сезонные миграции на дачу как одна из практик формирования урбанистического детства у москвичей
Authors: Иванова Полина Евгеньевна 
Published: December 2021

Распространенность сезонной временной миграции на дачи является одной из особенностей российской урбанизации. До 2/3 городского населения страны владеют дачами разных типов. Участниками поездок между городом и дачей помимо самих горожан становятся и их дети, которые таким образом получают новый опыт социализации и досуговых практик. В отличие от городского, дачному детству пока не свойственна регламентированность, институционализация и преобладание пассивных форм досуговых практик.
Цель данной статьи — реконструировать дачный опыт городского ребенка и оценить его значимость в детстве. На основе данных, полученных с помощью полуструктурированных интервью, были выявлены и описаны основные характеристики дачного детства и представления о даче как пространстве детства. В качестве респондентов были выбраны горожанеродители, которые регулярно совершают совместные поездки на дачу с детьми, при этом большую часть времени проживают в городе (в нашем случае это Москва). Выбор родителей как основных информантов объясняется тем, что они являются создателями дачного детства и оказывают большое влияние на формирование детского досуга.
Итогом статьи стало описание дачи как пространства, создающего уникальные детские практики, характеристиками которых являются преобладание природного компонента, большая роль семейной и межпоколенческой социализации, меньшая степень контроля со стороны родителей. Дачный опыт оказывается отличным от городского за счет возможности реализации различных практик, для которых нет времени или места в городе. Такими практиками оказываются игры на открытом воздухе, изучение природы, семейный досуг, различные виды рукоделия и ремесла, спортивные активности. Данные характеристики подтверждают гипотезу о создании на даче возможностей для получения нового опыта, который восполняет важные элементы детства, постепенно исчезающие в городе.
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from pyoderma in a tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad, South India
Authors: Raghunath Pendru , Sadanand L N Rao 
Published: December 2021

Pyoderma is a common acute superficial bacterial skin infection which is highly contagious. In the great majority of cases, pyoderma is caused by , , or both. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of isolated from pyoderma in Dr. VRK Women’s Teaching hospital.Swabs or pus samples were collected from 250 patients attending Dermatology, outpatient department (OPD) of Dr. VRK Women’s Teaching hospital. Samples were inoculated onto 5% sheep blood agar plates and incubated for 24 h at 37°C in a candle jar. BHS isolates were phenotypically identified by standard microbiological techniques, all the isolates presumptively identified as BHS were tested for Bacitracin susceptibility. Presumptive identification of a strain as a Group A Streptococcus (GAS) was also made by PYRase test. Presumptively identified GAS isolates were serogrouped by Lancefield grouping using a commercially available latex agglutination test. isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.BHS were isolated from 30% of samples. Prevalence of BHS was more among 0-10 years age group (38%). BHS were isolated more frequently from males (38.8%). were isolated from 52 (20.8%) samples. All 52 isolates were found to be susceptible to Penicillin G, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, azithromycin and vancomycin. Erythromycin and clindamycin showed good activity with sensitivity rates of 92.3% & 96.1%, respectively. Resistance to tetracycline (59.6%) and chloramphenicol (23.1%) was commonly seen in .This study reports the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of isolated from pyoderma in Dr. VRK Women’s Teaching hospital. Results of this study suggests the peak incidence of pyoderma in children aged 0 to 10 years and male preponderance. Our study also reports high prevalence of tetracycline and chloramphenicol resistance in .
C-reactive protein as a diagnostic marker of neonatal sepsis in association with blood culture a retrospective study at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rati Ruchi , Singhal Anshu , Jaggi Namita 
Published: December 2021

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of C-Reactive protein as a single diagnostic inflammatory biomarker of neonatal sepsis in association with the blood culture.In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 330 neonates at a tertiary care hospital at Gurugram from Jan, 2015 to Dec, 2020. The study population included neonates &#60;1month age. Neonates meeting the IPSC criteria (Sepsis 2.0)1 and with a positive culture were considered as neonates with proven sepsis. Neonates with congenital malformations and congenital infections associated with TORCH complex were excluded from the study.Of the 330 neonates screened for sepsis, 32 (10%) had a positive blood culture with raised CRP in 69 (21%) cases. Among the 32 cases with positive blood culture, CRP identified 29 cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive values of CRP were 90.6%, 86.5%, 42% and 99% respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for the CRP ROC analysis was 0.83 with sensitivity of 90.6% and specificity of 91.6% which showed CRP usefulness as the diagnostic inflammatory biomarker of neonatal sepsis.Prematurity (53%) in neonates was the most common risk factor associated with neonatal sepsis. Klebsiella pneumoniae 11 (34%) was the most common pathogen isolated with 73% susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin.C-Reactive protein was found to have a high diagnostic value in terms of sensitivity of 90.6% and specificity of 91.6% when 0.83 is used as a cut off point for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Therefore, CRP could be used as diagnostic inflammatory biomarker in resource poor settings.
Wizualne słowniki emocji podczas pandemii COVID-19 w medialnych przekazach artystycznych
Authors: Sławek-Czochra Małgorzata 
Published: December 2021

Niniejsze studium ma na celu zbadanie, jakie emocje były najczęściej komunikowane poprzez sztukę powstałą podczas pandemii oraz jakie nowe symbole emocji, motywy były stosowane w procesie tworzenia. Wykorzystano dwie techniki badawcze: analizę treści oraz metodę Panofsky’ego. Materiał badawczy składa się ze 100 ilustracji z Internetu, uzyskanych po wpisaniu w wyszukiwarce Google słów kluczowych „art and coronavirus”. Najczęściej pojawiającą się emocją był strach, następnie złość, potem smutek, a najrzadziej radość. Artyści uliczni odwoływali się do szerokiej gamy tematów: kultury religijnej, mitologicznej, popularnej. Analiza materiału badawczego wykazała, że w przestrzeni społecznej i kulturze pojawiły się nowe symbole reprezentujące pandemię SarsCov-2: cząsteczka koronawirusa (symbol uniwersalny emocjonalnie) oraz biała lub niebieska maseczka chirurgiczna i lateksowa rękawiczka symbolizujące strach.
“Clinical Profile & Prognostic Factors In Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss”
Authors: Hossen Md. Feroz , Choudhury Mahbubul Alam 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is an emergency disease requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment. The incidence of ISSNHL in the Western countries’ population was estimated to 5–20 per 100,000 inhabitants. The etiology of ISSNHL remains unknown. Its pathogenesis is most often suggested to be due to a disturbed microcirculation and infection.
Objective: To study the clinical profile & prognostic factors in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from patients of sudden sensineural hearing loss (SSNHL) presenting to ENT Department ofNorthern Private Medical College, Rangpur, Bangladesh from January to June-2020. All patients were given intravenous steroids as treatment modality for 14 days and pure tone audiogram was done every 3 days during hospital admission. It was followed by oral steroids in tapering dose for further 14 days. After 1 month, audiogram was done again. After 1 month if hearing threshold was decreased by more than 50% of presenting one, then it was labeled as improved.
Results:Total 51 patients (55ears) with age ranging from 6-70 years (average-38.5 years) were included. Three fourth were male. Presentation was 1-14days after onset of hearing loss (average- 3.7days) with pure tone audiogram (PTA) of 38-117dB (average 83.1dB). The flat audiogram (62.3%) was most common type. Smoking was present in 14 patients and tinnitus in 30 ears. Hemoglobin ranged from 7.3-18.7gm %( average- 15.3gm/dl). PTA post treatment was 8-73dB (average- 56dB). Average age of improved patient was 39.8years which was lower than non-improved patients (42.3years). In improved patients, average PTA at presentation was 77.9dB while it was 86.6dB in non-improved patients.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the age distribution and clinical characteristics of ISSNHL patients vary according to levels of hearing loss. Moreover, ISSNHL patients with vertigo tend to sufer from a more severe hearing loss. Further studies are needed to obtain better knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of SSNHL. SSNHL is more commonly seen in male patients with polycythaemia and is commonly presented in winter season and is frequently associated with tinnitus. Young age and lower audiogram threshold at presentation favor prognosis.
¿Economía o salud? Un análisis global de la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Chicaíza Becerra Liliana , García Molina Mario , Urrea Iván Leonardo 
Published: December 2021

Este artículo estudia la relación entre el manejo sanitario de la pandemia de COVID-19 y los resultados económicos. Identifica algunos indicadores de mortalidad y económicos que toman en cuenta elementos sociales y culturales. Examina el efecto de los precios del petróleo en la capacidad de maniobra de los países exportadores, y el modo en que la disrupción del comercio exterior afectó a las cadenas globales de valor. Los países con mejores resultados en salud durante la pandemia mostraron menores caídas del PIB en el segundo trimentre de 2020. El mejor predictor de buenos resultados económicos fue la solidez del sistema de salud en número de camas antes de la pandemia.
Influencia de la intervención humana en procesos modernos de manufactura: un enfoque de simulación de procesos centrado en el factor humano
Authors: Madriz Carmen Elena , Sánchez Olga , Hernández-Granados Juan B. 
Published: December 2021

El presente proyecto se basa en la modelación de la relación hombre-máquina centrado en el factor humano y en los errores que no necesariamente llevan a fatalidades, pero si a pérdidas de productividad. Este caso de estudio se basa en un proceso automatizado típico en una empresa metalmecánica. Error del set-ut, especificación y medidas tienen una probabilidad de ocurrencia de 0.1, 0.05 y 0.2 respectivamente. Dependiendo de la etapa en el proceso así será el efecto del error humano ya sea en el tiempo de terminación o en la cantidad de unidades producidas buenas. La simulación de proceso es usada en la evaluación del impacto del error humano en los diferentes puntos del proceso. La técnica Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction (THERP) es usada para la estimación del error humano. Los programas de entrenamiento y estandarización de procesos son herramientas claves para la prevención de estos errores.
Predicción de la calidad en revestimientos moldeados para puertas mediante el uso de minería de datos
Authors: Troncoso-Espinosa Fredy Humberto , Castro-Albornoz Karen 
Published: December 2021

Un revestimiento moldeado para puertas es un tablero de madera de alta densidad que es utilizado como el principal componente en la fabricación de puertas. Para asegurar su comercialización, se debe cumplir con exigentes normas de calidad, siendo la principal norma aquella que mide la fuerza necesaria para desprender el revestimiento de la estructura de una puerta. Los ensayos de calidad son realizados cada dos horas y sus resultados son obtenidos luego de aproximadamente cinco horas. Si los resultados muestran que los revestimientos están fuera del estándar de calidad exigido, se generan pérdidas económicas debido a este tiempo de espera. Esta investigación propone el uso de minería de datos mediante técnicas de machine learning para predecir en forma continua esta medida de calidad y reducir las pérdidas económicas asociadas a la espera de los resultados. Para la aplicación de minería de datos, se creó una base de datos en base al registro histórico de las variables del proceso productivo y de los ensayos de calidad. La metodología empleada es el descubrimiento de conocimiento en bases de datos KDD (Knowledge Discovery in Databases). La aplicación de esta metodología permitió identificar las principales variables que afectan la calidad de los revestimientos y entrenar cuatro algoritmos de machine learning para predecir su calidad. Los resultados muestran que el algoritmo que mejor predice la calidad es Neural Net y permiten demostrar que la implementación del algoritmo Neural Net reducirá las pérdidas económicas asociadas a la espera de los resultados de los ensayos de calidad.
“Her Şey Aslına Döner”: Bayrâmî-Melâmî Şâir Hüseyin Lâmekânî’nin İki Tasavvufî Risâlesi
Authors: SOFUOĞLU Nesrin 
Published: December 2021

Bayrâmî-Melâmî şeyhi ve mutasavvıf şair Hüseyin Lâmekânî 16. yy. sonları ile 17. yy. başlarında yaşamıştır. Doğum tarihi bilinmeyen Lâmekânî’nin vefâtına düşürülen tarih beyitlerine göre ölüm tarihi 1035/1625’dir. Lâmekânî mahlası ile yazdığı Dîvân ve Esrâr-nâme çevirisi gibi manzum eserlerin yanı sıra tasavvufî risâleler ve mektuplar kaleme almıştır. Lâmekânî’nin ayrıca manzum ve mensur karışık olarak yazılmış “Küllü şey’in yerci‘u ilâ aslihî” hadîsini şerh eden risâleleri de bulunmaktadır. Risâlenin bir nüshası şairin Dîvân’ının bulunduğu mecmua içerisinde yer almaktadır. Diğer risâle ise Ankara Milli Kütüphanedeki bir yazma eserde Risâle-i Hüseyin Lâmekânî ismiyle kayıtlıdır. Bu risâlelerde vahdet-i vücûd anlayışı doğrultusunda Tanrı, âlem ve varlık konularına dînî ve tasavvufî deliller ışığında açıklık getirilmektedir.
Bu çalışmada Hüseyin Lâmekânî’nin Risâle fî Külli Şey’in Yerci‘u ilâ Aslihî adlı risâlelerinin metin neşri, sadeleştirmesi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca eserler bağlamında Lâmekânî’nin vahdet-i vücûd anlayışı ele alınmıştır.
Radiographic Appearance of Cosmetic Gluteal Injections in a Patient With Proximal Hamstring Tear
Authors: Holden Paige , Kanski Gregory , Coyner Katherine J. 
Published: December 2021

Case:
A 45-year-old woman presented 6 months after a right proximal hamstring repair with worsening pain over her surgical site. Anterior-posterior pelvis x-rays revealed bilateral soft-tissue densities around the hips. Extensive workup revealed no medical basis for the radiographic appearance. It was discovered that the patient's cosmetic gluteal injections were, in fact, the cause. Follow-up x-rays revealed near-complete resolution of the densities 8 months later.

Conclusions:
We present this case to highlight the need to consider cosmetic injections as a potential cause of abnormal radiographic soft-tissue densities in the absence of other clear medical explanations in patients who present with musculoskeletal complaints.