bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Travel to altitude with neurological disorders — recommendation of the UIAA Medical Commission
Authors: Angelini Corrado , Giardini Guido , Falla Marika 
Published: July 2021

The present review examines several neurological conditions and the problems posed by travelling to high altitude, and in particular whether the underlying disease is likely to worsen. The neurological conditions include migraine and other types of headaches, transient ischemia of the brain, occlusive cerebral artery diseases, intracranial haemorrhage and vascular malformations, intracranial space occupying mass, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathies, neuromuscular disorders, epileptic seizures, dementia and Parkinson’s disease. Attempts will be made to classify the risk posed by each condition and to provide recommendations regarding medical evaluation, advice for or against travelling to altitude and effective prophylactic measures. Some individual cases should only be advised after careful examination and risk evaluation either in an outpatient mountain medicine service or by a physician with knowledge of travelling and high altitude risks. Recent developments in diagnostic methods and treatment of neurological conditions are also mentioned.
Should cats be allowed outdoors? A research survey on animal welfare risks for free-ranging cats in Brazil
Authors: Machado DS , Bragança AFF , Travnik IC , Rossi AP , Sant’Anna AC 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA need exists for research that contributes to estimating the risk factors associated with the management of outdoor cats (Felis silvestris catus) and addresses the lack of such surveys in Brazil and other Latin American countries. With this in mind we aimed to: i) identify the causal factors affecting the practice of owners allowing their cats to roam freely and; ii) evaluate potential welfare risks associated with the allowance of outdoor access, based on cat owners’ reports. An online questionnaire consisting of 25 questions was answered by 8,485 Brazilian cat owners and logistic regression models used to obtain odds ratios. A number of the factors significantly related to owners allowing their cats to have outdoor access were unneutered cats, the manner in which the cat was acquired, residence in rural areas, the number of cats owned, the presence of other pets in the house, younger owner age, owner declaration of not being responsible for the cat, owner perception about the role of the cat in the house, owner knowledge about cats’ potential for transmitting diseases, a lack of knowledge about zoonoses, and a lack of knowledge regarding toxoplasmosis. The practice of allowing outdoor access was associated with significantly higher odds of owners reporting several welfare issues, such as frequent flea contamination, sporotrichosis, going missing, poisoning, mistreatment, and accidents. We conclude that the practice of allowing outdoor access, as reported by 37.1% of our respondents, may result in risks to feline welfare. Increasing public awareness through campaigns that highlight the risks associated with outdoor access would improve feline management practices and welfare.
Antileishmanial Activity of the Genus Piper: A Systematic Review
Authors: Macêdo Caroline G. , Castro Kelly Christina F. , Silva Edilene Oliveira da 
Published: July 2021

Background: Leishmaniases are anthropozoonotic vector-borne diseases, caused by the protozoan Leishmania spp. These diseases have significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and, as there are currently no vaccines available for their treatment, chemotherapy remains the mainstay for anti-leishmanial therapeutics. However, the severe side effects, reduced bioavailability, high cost and chemoresistance, amongst other problems, limit the use of available drugs. In recent years, natural compounds have shown promise as anti-leishmanial agents, especially those extracted from medicinal plants. The genus Piper has been used in traditional medicine and widely explored for its biological properties and bioactive phytocompounds.
Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review of the biological activity of the genus Piper against the etiological agents of leishmaniasis, to provide a perspective for effective and safe phytotherapics, new drugs or potentially active prototype chemical substances.
Methodology: This systematic review was prepared in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The databases used for this review were SciELO, Pubmed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, using a temporal profile of 2009 to 2020.
Conclusion: In this review, we summarize a wide range of isolated compounds, extracts and essential oils of the genus Piper that are worth screening given their potential for development as effective anti-leishmanial drugs.
Nutritional Potential of Two Insect Species Consumed in Togo: Gnathocera trivittata (Swederus, 1787) and Gnathocera impressa (Olivier, 1789)
Authors: Badanaro Fègbawè , Tete-Benissan Amivi , Amouzou Kou'santa 
Published: July 2021

Aims: The objective of this study is to determine the nutritional values of Gnathocera trivittata and Gnathocera impressa in order to promote their consumption for food security.
Place and Duration of Study: Samples of G. trivittata and G. impressa were caught in Togo in the three following localities: Kparatao (8°57'151"N; 1°11'838"E), Kpéwa (9°16'978"N; 1°14'149"E) and Soudou (9°21'604"N; 1°21'348"E), between September and December 2013.
Methodology: The contents of ash, protein, vitamins as well as lipids were determined. Fiber content was obtained. Minerals were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and colorimetry. Fatty acid composition of the lipids was determined by gas chromatography and the amino acid composition was obtained by separation of the individual amino acids using the Biochrom 30+ amino acid analyzer.
Results: The results reveal that the average protein content of the insects studied ranged from 59.36 to 61.63%. Average lipid levels ranged from 9.09 to 9.86%. They contain all the essential fatty and amino acids. Their average fiber content fluctuates between 8.35 and 10.05%. Regarding the composition of micronutrients, the species studied are very rich in minerals and vitamins. The ratios of minerals, fatty acids and essential amino acids are balanced.
Conclusion: Given the nutritional potentials of the insects studied, they can contribute significantly to the fight against protein-energy and micronutrient malnutrition in Togo.
A Successful ART Treatment of Severe Asthenoteratozoospermia with Donor Sperms: A Case Study at Wardha Test Tube Baby Centre, India
Authors: Tayawade Akshay , More Akash 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Approximately about 15%-20% of couples are affected by infertility. By the means of diagnosis and treatment both the partners male and female must be evaluated simultaneously, since male contributes as a factor for infertility in 40-60%. The primary step to diagnose male’s infertility in any case scenario is qualitative semen analysis. Urological evaluation and physical examination of male should be carried out as there are many factors which can affect semen quality. Widely, in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment, couples diagnosed with grievous male infertility (Non-Obstructive Azoospermia/OATz syndrome) as well as female patient deprived of male partners eager to have pregnancy are recommended to opt cryo-preserved donor spermatozoa.
Main symptoms and important clinical findings: Qualitative semen analysis showed poor motility (94%-96% Immotility) and morphology (98% abnormality).
The main diagnoses, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes: The couple was diagnosed with male factor infertility (Asthenoteratozoospermia), the couple was counselled and suggested for treatment of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Insemination with self-oocytes and donor sperms and Freeze all strategy for embryo transfer. Wife conceived in first treatment cycle.
Conclusion: Frozen embryo transfer of 03 Grade A day 4 morula was done in March 2020, and patient conceived in 1st cycle. Later in November 2020 couple was blessed with a baby girl.
COVID-19, T Cells, Cytokines and Immunotherapy: Review
Authors: Tarbiah Nesrin I. 
Published: July 2021

In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus (COVID-19), materialized in the city of Wuhan and quickly spread to form a global pandemic. An essential role in the immune system is undertaken by lymphocytes, which defend against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Previous study found that very severe COVID-19 patients had suppression of the immune response enabling the virus to spread and cause more damage. This was evident by the changes in their white blood cell and lymphocyte count. Early clinical findings suggest that those suffering from severe COVID-19 have reduced numbers of lymphocytes, monocytes, and other granulocytes. One of the most efficient responses for a variety of viral infections is cellular immune response activation, especially via T cells. Viruses can be eliminated by T cytotoxic (CD8+) (Tc) in the host body, these secrete a variety of molecules, including interferons (IFNs), granzyme, and perforin. T helper (CD4+) (Th) cells help by assisting cytotoxic T cells and B cells to eliminate viral infection. CD8+ and CD4+ work together in a coordinated immune response with other constituents to primarily resolve acute viral infections, and after to produce protection against any reinfection.
Also, COVID-19 causes dramatic changes in cytokine profiles and serological markers. Therefore, the subsets of immune cells and the level of the pro-inflammatory cytokines are crucial evidence to determine the severity of COVID-19. The disease severity has already been proved to be associated with the disruption in the proinflammatory chemokine response, this eventually leads to a cytokine storm and progression of cytokines release syndrome (CRS). This review aimed to demonstrate a full understanding of the alterations to the immune response by determining the T-cell expression and cytokine levels against the pathological processes of COVID-19, which can be a significant step in early treatment and diagnosis of this disease, in reduction of COVID-19 mortality cases, and to emphasize the most recent and current studies to try to identify new immuno-therapeutics for COVID-19.
A Case Study on Ayurveda Management of Shwitra
Authors: Sharma Shallu , Raskar Swapnil 
Published: July 2021

Shwitra is a condition characterised by white patches on the body. It's possible that it's linked to Vitiligo in modern science. In Ayurveda, all skin illnesses are classified as Kustha Roga. It is caused by Tridosha vitiation. It is an autoimmune disease that can be linked to other autoimmune diseases such as diabetes mellitus, pernicious anaemia, and Addison disease. Leukoderma affects one percent of the population. For the patient, this sickness becomes a source of social disgrace as well as a financial hardship.
Aim: To Evaluate The Efficacy of Ayurvedic Treatment In Shwitra.
Study Design: Simple Single Arm Study
Place: Parul Ayurved Hospital, Parul University,Limda, Vadodara, Gujarat.
Duration of study: 2 Months
Methodology: Kosthashuddhi With Internal Medication And Rasaaushidhi For External Medication.
Which provides a fresh hope for providing efficient and safe treatment. It was in much better shape than before.
Assessment of Awareness Regarding Heavy Metal Toxicity in School Children
Authors: Gajbhiye D. R. , Wadnerwar N. N. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Heavy metal toxicity is increasing rapidly due to the increased use of products containing heavy metals daily life. It can cause acute or chronic toxicity if they used for long term unknowingly especially by the children.
Objectives:

To assess whether the school children have information about products containing heavy metal which are used in daily life and their hazardous effects with the help of structured questionnaire.
To sensitize the school children about the products containing heavy metal which are used in daily life and their hazardous effects.

Methods: Descriptive (cross sectional) observational study was designed among 300 primary and secondary school children. The questionnaires containing fifteen questions each carrying two marks (total 30 marks) about the products containing heavy metal and their hazardous effects on human body were given to students to fill the information and answers to the questions. Next day a sensitization program was conducted which was followed by the same questionnaire. The questionaries were assessed as pre and posttest.
Result: All the students scored zero marks in the pretest. Hence, they were graded in no awareness category. After sensitization, in posttest 155 students (51.6%) scored between 21-30 marks and 144 students scored between 11-20 marks. The score of marks in posttest is highly significant.
Conclusion: Results indicate that there was no awareness in school children about the products containing heavy metal and their hazardous effects on human body. Awareness increased after the sensitization. Hence, to avoid the heavy metal toxicity in school children, it is highly recommended to make them aware regarding sources of heavy metals which are used in daily life and their hazardous effects on body. It can be done through awareness programs to be conducted at schools. It may be achieved by incorporating this point into the syllabus of the school children.
A Case Study on Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Jha Rakesh Kumar , Chandi Dhruba Hari 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies. Often, no symptoms are noticed initially. As it progresses, bone pain, anemia, kidney dysfunction, and infections may occur. Multiple myeloma is a hematologic disease characterized by an increase in plasma cells in the bone marrow and, more commonly, the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin in the blood and / or urine. It is the second major hematologic attack found to have an annual occurrence with an increase in the United States of nearly 15,000 and approximately 45,000, respectively. The condition is higher with age (age between acquisitions of 67 yr). This case report describes a multiple myeloma patient presented with muscle sclerosis and was suspected of having myotonic dystrophy type 2 and illustrates the aspects of differential diagnosis, the use of laboratory and imaging for diagnosis.
Conclusion: Despite the fact that periodontal illness has a detrimental impact on one's quality of life, those benefits are often ignored. As a consequence, periodontal consultation can be a key component of MM care. Treatment for periodontal disease should begin as soon as possible.
Comparing the Effectiveness of the Treatment with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed By Interval Debulking and Primary Debulking Followed By Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced Stage Malignant Ovarian Tumors: A Rural Based Study
Authors: Pottala Mounika , Jajoo Shubhada S. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is also a poorly prognosed condition with elevated death rate The management of advanced ovarian carcinoma is surgical debulking which is followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Prognosis reflects primarily on the level of cytoreduction obtained in primary surgery. In order to enhance survival, attempts are therefore being made to increase the optimal rates of surgical cytoreduction. NACT has emerged as an important treatment modality. The reasoning behind the NACT protocol is to make advanced untreatable disease operable, increase resection rates of optimal cyto reduction (R0) and promote organ preservation. The application of neo adjuvant chemotherapy will structurally reduce the load of the tumour because of the chemo sensitive nature of the ovarian tissue and enable a greater optimal cytoreduction rate for surgery and an increase in overall survival.
Methods: This observational and retrospective study was conducted from 2018-2020, including 71 patients who visited the oncology clinic of OBGY department at AVBRH. Only those who have already diagnosed as stage III and IV ovarian neoplasms and who received primary debulking surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy along with neo adjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval de-bulking surgery were included to study the better treatment outcome in terms of intra-operative and post-operative complications and over all and survival without progression in these patients with a follow-up of 2 years.
Results: The statistical difference in ooverall survival and progression free survival between primary debulking and NAC / IDS groups was >0.005.But intra operative findings like blood loss, residual disease. Bowel bladder injury, surgery time & post-operative morbidity were less in NAC/IDS group with P value <0.005.
Conclusion: In patients having cytoreducible disease which is non optimal or low performance status, NAC / IDS is also a reasonably secure and may be an alternative method for achieving optimal cytoreduction. Investigations aimed at appropriately selecting patients to be treated with NAC and to search for the proper opportunity to conduct IDS can have much better benefits for patients having advanced EOC. It should be underscored that the study is limited to patients with stage 3c or 4 disease.
Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification on Reproductive Health among Young Women: An Integrative Review
Authors: Shaji Princey , Singh Maharaj , Sahu Bharti 
Published: July 2021

Background: The present review focuses on the effectiveness of lifestyle modification on reproductive health among young women. Obesity causes various physical and psychological health risks in women’s reproductive health and overweight, obesity are increasing and have become an epidemic worldwide.
Objective: This article investigated the outcome of a lifestyle modification package on the reproductive health of young obese and overweight women.
Methods: The literature published in English from 2010 to 2020 was reviewed using PRISMA guidelines. Scientific articles were searched in the electronic data base (Scopus, Medline, Google scholar, and PubMed central) on the lifestyle modification on reproductive health.
Results: After reviewing the literature, it showed that the outcome of lifestyle modification had improved the reproductive health of women in infertile women in many ways.
Conclusion: The review highlights the need for specific interventional studies on reproductive health which can improve the health of young women.
Significance of Immune System to Fight COVID-19 and its Co-relation with Physical Exercise and Nutrition
Authors: Bharti Nisha , Bhatt Neha , Chakole Swarupa 
Published: July 2021

The proliferation of covid-19 has caused extensive damage worldwide and brought global movement into a state of complete stagnation. By the year 2019, another type of infection came into the world knowledge that followed its origins in the bats of Wuhan, China. Coronavirus was declared a global epidemic by the World Health Organization and thinks that the Earth is fighting the inevitable danger posed by humans. As we may be aware that this infection is a new phenomenon, so no vaccines or drugs are available for treatment and the medication currently being used gives our body time to build up its defenses against COVID-19. Immune system is a combination of different organs and cells where each person performs their function in a consistent manner to protect the host from any non-particulate matter for example infections, microbes, growths, parasites, etc. Our body needs a large variety of micro (such as sugar, protein,fats) add to the synthesis of different types of safe cells. In this article, I have tried to explain the role of the immune system in the fight against covid-19 virus and how exercise and proper diet can help build strong immune systems.
Alterations in Biochemical Markers of Kidney Function of Thyroid Disorders at Vidharbha Region, India
Authors: Kondhalkar Ankita , Ambad Ranjit , Nagrale Ninad , Bankar Nandkishor 
Published: July 2021

Background: The thyroid gland is a major endocrine gland in the body that is located in the front of the neck. Thyroid disorders cause problems on kidney function in a variety of ways. Hyperthyroidism causes an increase in both RBF and GFR. The expression of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors may be influenced by thyroid hormones. The increased catecholamine sensitivity of beta adrenergic coupled cardiac responses in hyperthyroid patients may be due to the increased number of receptors. ROS may be one of the main causes of kidney failure in thyroid disorders, although this needs to be confirmed in the lab.
Aim: The aim of this research was to look at the effects of thyroid disorders on kidney function and oxidative stress markers, as well as the relationship between them.
Materials and Methods: After visiting Shalinitai Meghe hospital in Nagpur for a health check-up, a total of 350 people were chosen for the research. This was the place where the five groups were held. Subclinical Hypothyroidism: 70 subjects, Overt Hypothyroidism: 70 subjects, Subclinical Hyperthyroidism: 70 subjects, Overt Hyperthyroidism: 70 subjects. There are 70 patients in each household. Specific biochemical methods were used to quantify biochemical parameters such as T3, T4, TSH, Urea, Creatinine, and Cys C. Assay of Superoxide dismutase by Marklund and Marklund method
ResultS: In our work, we discovered a significant positive correlation between serum creatinine and TSH in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, and a significant negative correlation between serum Cystatin C and TSH in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. TSH was linked to oxidative stress markers as well. When the oxidative stress markers MDA and SOD were statistically analysed, they were found to be highly associated with markers of kidney function.
Conclusion:When the incidence of chronic kidney disease rises, all instances of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism should be regularly tested for worsening kidney functions, and since the study indicates that oxidative stress plays a role in nephropathy, current thyroid disorders treatment methods should include oxidative stress, which will aid clinicians in better managing kidney dysfunction.
Efficacy of Garbhasanskara for Good Progeny in Present Scenario
Authors: Shamkuwar Sujata K. , Asokan V. , Usha V. N. K. , Shrivas Yogita 
Published: July 2021

During intrauterine life, the fetus is completely dependent on the mother. As a result, the health of the fetus directly depends on the health of the mother.Not only maternal nutrition, but maternal psychology, during pregnancy, has a significant effect on the health of the offspring and mother,too.Whatever emotional perceptions a woman has during her pregnancy are transmitted to the fetus. Ayurveda is an ancient science where all the measures are described under the title of Garbhasanskara to geta healthy and well- cultured child.
The word Garbhasanskarais composed of two words ‘Garbha‘and Saskara’.Garbha means the fetus and Sanskara means Parivartana in Guna i.e., change in character. Thus, GarbhaSanskara is basically aimed at providing fundamental care for good physical as well as mental set up of a child. It includes three stages viz pre-conceptional care to get healthy Beeja i.e. sperm and ovum, care during pregnancy for development of the fetus and postnatal care i.e.Balasanskara. The present paper, expresses the concept of Garbhasanskara and its relevance in the present modern era.