bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Signature Based on Immune Genes in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Chen Yu , Lin Hao , Pi Ya-Nan , Chen Xi-Xi , Zhou Hu , Tian Yuan , Zhao Wei-Dong , Xia Bai-Rong 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundCervical cancer is one of the most common types of gynecological malignancies worldwide. This study aims to develop an immune signature to predict survival in cervical cancer.MethodThe gene expression data of 296 patients with cervical cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and immune-related genes from the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort) database were included in this study. The immune signature was developed based on prognostic genes. The validation dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.ResultThe immune signature namely immune-based prognostic score (IPRS) was developed with 229 genes. Multivariate analysis revealed that the IPRS was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with cervical cancer. Patients were stratified into high IPRS and low IPRS groups, and those in the high IPRS group were associated with better survival, which was validated in the validation set. A nomogram with IPRS and stage was constructed to predict mortality in cervical cancer.ConclusionsWe developed a robust prognostic signature IPRS that could be used to predict patients’ survival outcome.
A Clinicogenetic Prognostic Classifier for Prediction of Recurrence and Survival in Asian Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Chen Ting-Hao , Wei Jun-Ru , Lei Jason , Chiu Jian-Ying , Shih Kuan-Hui 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundSeveral prognostic factors affect the recurrence of breast cancer in patients who undergo mastectomy. Assays of the expression profiles of multiple genes increase the probability of overexpression of certain genes and thus can potentially characterize the risk of metastasis.MethodsWe propose a 20-gene classifier for predicting patients with high/low risk of recurrence within 5 years. Gene expression levels from a quantitative PCR assay were used to screen 473 luminal breast cancer patients treated at Taiwan Hospital (positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors, negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2). Gene expression scores, along with clinical information (age, tumor stage, and nodal stage), were evaluated for risk prediction. The classifier could correctly predict patients with and without relapse (logistic regression, P&lt;0.05).ResultsA Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the 20-gene panel was prognostic with hazard ratios of 5.63 (95% confidence interval 2.77-11.5, univariate) and 5.56 (2.62-11.8, multivariate) for the “genetic” model, and of 8.02 (3.52-18.3, univariate) and 19.8 (5.96-65.87, multivariate) for the “clinicogenetic” model during a 5-year follow-up.ConclusionsThe proposed 20-gene classifier can successfully separate the patients into two risk groups, and the two risk group had significantly different relapse rate and prognosis. This 20-gene classifier can provide better estimation of prognosis, which can help physicians to make better personalized treatment plans.
Early-Onset Sepsis in Neonates - A Population-Based Study in South-West Norway From 1996 to 2018
Authors: Vatne Anlaug , Klingenberg Claus , Rettedal Siren , Øymar Knut 
Published: March 2021

Background: The epidemiology of early-onset sepsis (EOS) may change over time. Longitudinal surveillance of causative pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and antibiotic therapy is important for optimal therapy strategies.Objectives: To describe the incidence of culture-confirmed EOS, causative pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and antibiotic therapy over a 23-year period.Methods: Retrospective population-based study from a single-center neonatal intensive care unit at Stavanger University Hospital, Norway, covering a population in South-West Norway, during the 23-year period 1996–2018.Results: Of 104,377 live born infants, 101 infants (0.97/1,000) had culture-confirmed EOS; 89 with Gram positive and 12 with Gram-negative bacteria. The EOS-attributable mortality was 6/101 (5.8%). For the three most prevalent pathogens the incidences were; Group B streptococcus (GBS) 0.57/1,000, Escherichia coli 0.11/1,000 and viridans group streptococci (VGS) 0.10/1,000. GBS was the most common pathogen (59/93; 63%) in infants with gestational age (GA) ≥ 28 weeks. In contrast, among extremely preterm infants (GA &lt;28 weeks) the incidence of E. coli infection was higher than for GBS infection. The second most common bacterial pathogens causing EOS among term infants were VGS. There was no change in the incidence of EOS for the entire study period, but from 2000 to 2018 there was a mean decline in EOS by 6% per year (95% CI 1%−10%) (p = 0.019). The incidences of GBS and E. coli did not change during the study period. The initial empirical antibiotic regimen for EOS was in all cases a combination of benzylpenicillin or ampicillin and an aminoglycoside, but in 21/101 (21%) of cases a broad-spectrum antibiotic was either added or substituted this regimen. In 2/101 (2%) EOS cases, the pathogens were nonsusceptible to the empirical antibiotic regimen. All E. coli isolates were susceptible to aminoglycosides.Conclusion: GBS was the most common causative pathogens in EOS, but E. coli dominated in infants with GA &lt;28 weeks. There was no change in the incidence of EOS during the entire study period. The current empiric regimen with benzylpenicillin and gentamicin provides a very high coverage for EOS in our setting.
Combining the Fecal Immunochemical Test with a Logistic Regression Model for Screening Colorectal Neoplasia
Authors: Liu Feiyuan , Long Qiaoyun , He Hui , Dong Shaowei , Zhao Li , Zou Chang , Wu Weiqing 
Published: March 2021

Background: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a widely used strategy for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with moderate sensitivity. To further increase the sensitivity of FIT in identifying colorectal neoplasia, in this study, we established a classifier model by combining FIT result and other demographic and clinical features.Methods: A total of 4,477 participants were examined with FIT and those who tested positive (over 100 ng/ml) were followed up by a colonoscopy examination. Demographic and clinical information of participants including four domains (basic information, clinical history, diet habits and life styles) that consist of 15 features were retrieved from questionnaire surveys. A mean decrease accuracy (MDA) score was used to select features that are mostly related to CRC. Five different algorithms including logistic regression (LR), classification and regression tree (CART), support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest (RF) were used to generate a classifier model, through a 10X cross validation process. Area under curve (AUC) and normalized mean squared error (NMSE) were used in the evaluation of the performance of the model.Results: The top six features that are mostly related to CRC include age, gender, history of intestinal adenoma or polyposis, smoking history, gastrointestinal discomfort symptom and fruit eating habit were selected. LR algorithm was used in the generation of the model. An AUC score of 0.92 and an NMSE score of 0.076 were obtained by the final classifier model in separating normal individuals from participants with colorectal neoplasia.Conclusion: Our results provide a new “Funnel” strategy in colorectal neoplasia screening via adding a classifier model filtering step between FIT and colonoscopy examination. This strategy minimizes the need of colonoscopy examination while increases the sensitivity of FIT-based CRC screening.
Successful Implementation and Development of a Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program: A China-Wide Cross-Sectional Study Tracking In-service Training Clinical Staff
Authors: Gong Xun , Zhang Wenliang , Ripley-Gonzalez Jeffrey W. , Liu Yuan , Dun Yaoshan , Zheng Fan , Qiu Ling , Liu Suixin 
Published: March 2021

Background: Despite the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), phase II CR remains highly unavailable; the factors influential to the successful implementation and development of phase II CR programs have not been fully explored.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was completed by 168 nationwide clinical staff. Parameters associated with the successful implementation and development of phase II CR and the factors associated with the quality of CR were explored by multivariable logistic regression.Results: One hundred and eighteen of 168 respondents' institutions had successfully developed phase II CR programs, 41 of which delivered high-quality CR. Independent factors associated with successful implementation and development of CR were leadership support from hospital administrators, support from resident physicians, staff perception in CR increasing medical risk, and department type (cardiology vs. rehabilitation department). Independent factors associated with CR quality were the availability of “professional CR providers” and staff perceptions of CR improving physician–patient relationships. The medical system factors did not affect the development and quality of CR, including hospital level, funding type, academic type, general/specialized hospital, located city, medical insurance, the existence of a CR outpatient clinic and independent space, the availability of professional CR providers, staff structure, and the availability of regular training and standard procedure.Conclusions: The development and quality of a phase II CR program may benefit from factors including support from administrators and resident physicians, adequately training more CR providers, without viewing medical system factors as a major issue.
Cost-Effectiveness of Peer-Delivered HIV Self-Tests for MSM in Uganda
Authors: Okoboi Stephen , Castelnuovo Barbara , Van Geertruyden Jean-Pierre , Lazarus Oucul , Vu Lung , Kalibala Sam , Kamara Yvonne , Ochanda Perez N. , King Rachel , Mujugira Andrew 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Distribution of HIV self-testing (HIVST) kits through MSM peer networks is a novel and effective strategy to increase HIV testing coverage in this high-risk population. No study has evaluated the cost or cost effectiveness of peer distribution of HIVST strategies among MSM in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: From June to August 2018, we conducted a pilot study of secondary MSM peer HIVST kit distribution at The AIDS Support Organization at Entebbe and Masaka. We used an ingredients approach to estimate the cost of MSM peer HIVST kit distribution relative to standard-of-care (SOC) hotspot testing using programme expenditure data reported in US dollars. The provider perspective was used to estimate incremental cost-effective ratios per HIV infection averted using the difference in HIV annual transmission rates between MSM with HIV who knew their status and were not virologically suppressed and MSM with HIV who did not know their status.Results: We enrolled 297 participants of whom 150 received MSM peer HIVST kit distribution (intervention group) and 147 received TASO standard of care HIV testing (control group). Provider cost for the intervention was $2,276 compared with $1,827 for SOC during the 3-month study period. Overall, the intervention resulted in higher HIV positivity yield (4.9 vs. 1.4%) and averted more HIV infections per quarter (0.364 vs. 0.104) compared with SOC. The cost per person tested was higher for the intervention compared to SOC ($15.90 vs. $12.40). Importantly, the cost per new HIV diagnosis ($325 vs. $914) and cost per transmission averted ($6,253 vs. $ 17,567) were lower for the intervention approach relative to SOC. The incremental cost per HIV transmission averted by the self-testing program was $1,727. The incremental cost to providers per additional HIV-positive person identified by the intervention was $147.30.Conclusion: The intervention strategy was cost-effective, and identified more undiagnosed HIV infections than SOC hotspot testing at a cost-effectiveness threshold of US $2,129. Secondary distribution of HIVST kits through peers should further be evaluated with longer duration aimed at diagnosing 95% of all persons with HIV by 2030; the first UNAIDS 95-95-95 target.
Thoracoscopic Ablation of Critically Located Liver Tumors: A Safety and Efficacy Cohort Study
Authors: Cillo Umberto , Finotti Michele , Di Renzo Chiara , Vitale Alessandro , Zanus Giacomo , Gringeri Enrico , Bertacco Alessandra , Polacco Marina , D'Amico Francesco 
Published: March 2021

Background: Liver resection represents the first curative treatment to treat primary and secondary hepatic tumors. Thoracoscopic liver ablation is a viable and minimally invasive alternative treatment, especially for patients with previous multiple abdominal surgeries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of thoracoscopic ablation for liver tumors.Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of patients with liver tumors, treated with thoracoscopic trans-diagrammatic ablation (MWA or RFA) at our institution from 2012 to 2018. The primary endpoint was post-operative mortality at 30 days, while secondary endpoints were morbidity and efficacy of ablation (i.e., response rate evaluated according to mRECIST criteria, and overall patient survival). Patient demographics, operational characteristics, and complications were recorded.Results: A total of 13 nodules were treated in 10 patients with a median age of 65.5 years. Post-operative mortality was 0%, and overall morbidity was 40% (Clavien-Dindo I complications 30%, II 0%, III 10%, IV 0%). Complete radiological response was obtained in 83.3% of nodules at 3 months. After a median follow-up of 20.95 months, the local tumor progression rate was 30%, with an intra-segmental-recurrence of 30%, and an intra-hepatic-recurrence of 30%. The overall 1-, 2-, and 3-years survival rates were 80%, 58%, and 58%.Conclusion: Thoracoscopic trans-diaphragmatic ablation proved to be a safe and effective way to treat liver tumors when abdominal approach is not feasible. Considering the low morbidity, it is a viable option to treat patients with recurrent disease and/or previous multiple abdominal surgeries.
Historical Trends in Incidence of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Los Angeles, 1973–2012: A Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
Authors: Luan Hang-Hang , Luo Li-Sha , Lu Zhi-Yan 
Published: March 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the long-term trends of breast cancer incidence in Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Los Angeles (LA).Methods: Data were obtained from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5plus) database. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was conducted by joinpoint regression analysis, and the age, period and cohort effects were estimated by age-period-cohort (APC) analysis.Results: The age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) in LA were higher than Shanghai and Hong Kong. During 1988–2012, the ASIRs significantly decreased in white women in LA (AAPC = −0.6%, 95% CI: −0.9% to −0.4%) while increased in Shanghai (2.5%: 2.1%–2.9%) and Hong Kong (2.2%: 2.0%–2.5%). The APC analysis revealed significantly increased effects of age and period, and decreased effect of birth cohort.Conclusion: Although age and cohort effects were relatively strong, the period effect may be the key factor affecting trends of incidence, which may be caused by increasing exposures to carcinogens and risk factors. Therefore, more effective measures should be carried out promptly to protect high-risk populations such as elder women, to avoid exposures to risk factors of breast cancer.
Aspek Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Pemboman Ikan dengan Bahan Peledak Potasium
Authors: Munir  , Juhriati  
Published: March 2021

Maraknya pemboman ikan dengan bahan peledak potasium diwilayah perairan pesisir Indonesia menjadi masalah yang sangat serius dan menghawatirkan banyak pihak, tanpa campur tangan pemerintah maka tinggal menunggu kerusakan yang lebih parah akibat pemboman. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah harus segera melakukan antisipasi terhadap pemboman ikan karena dapat merusak biota laut seperti terumbu karang yang berdampak pada kerusakan lingkungan. Sebab aktivitas pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan yang tidak ramah lingkungan, dalam jangka pendek akan punah. Ekosistim laut saat ini terancam punah dan ekologi laut menjadi tercemar dengan zat yang sangat berbahaya. Salah satu bentuk pelanggaran hukum yang dilakukan oleh warga pesisir adalah melakukan pemboman ikan dengan bahan peledak jenis potasium. Metode penelitian hukum yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum Normatif. Bentuk pertanggungjawaban hukum pelaku pemboman ikan dengan menggunakan bahan peledak potasium adalah sanksi bagi pelaku penangkapan ikan dengan bahan peledak potasium diancam dengan hukuman penjara paling lama 6 (enam) tahun dan denda paling banyak Rp1.200.000.000,00
Filozofia w szkołach jezuickich w Polsce w XVI wieku
Authors: Obirek Stanisław 
Published: March 2021

Le livre traite de la philosophie enseignee au XVIᵉ siècle dans les collèges des jesuites en Pologne et en Lituanie (qui constituaient alors un seul Royaume), c'est-a-dire de l a philosophie strictement „scolastique" et de la philosophie liee directement a I'enseignement, done de la nhilosonhie an sens strict du mot.
Jezuici a polski sarmatyzm
Authors: Obirek Stanisław 
Published: March 2021

Jezuici nie mieli łatwej drogi do Polski. Wprawdzie niektórzy biskupi, tacy jak Stanisław Hozjusz czy jego późniejszy następca na biskupstwie warmińskim: Marcin Kromer, czynili starania u władz rzymskich, by ich do Rzeczypospolitej sprowadzić, widząc w nich skuteczne narządzie pomocne przy wprowadzaniu w życie reform Soboru Trydenckiego, lecz starania te były raczej odosobnione i nie znajdywały większego zrozumienia w ówczesnym episkopacie, o innych grupach społecznych nie wspominając.
Das Suchen des Menschen nach sich selbst. Personale und persönliche Philosophie Edith Steins
Authors: Machnacz Jerzy 
Published: March 2021

Der Lebenslauf Edith Steins (1891-1942) ist vielen Menschen bekannt. Viele wissen, daß sie bei Edmund Husserl, einem der bedeutendsten Philosophen des 20. Jahrhunderts, studierte und mit einer ausgezeichneten Arbeit promovierte, daß sie vom Judentum zum
Christentum konvertierte, daß sie im KZ-Lager Auschwitz umgebracht wurde. Vom Papst Johannes Paul II. wurde sie zuerst selig, dann heilig gesprochen und auf der Schwelle in das dritte Jahrtausend zur Patronin
Europas erhoben.
Periechontologia: wiedza o tym, co obejmujące jako podstawowa wiedza filozofii w myśleniu Karla Jaspersa
Authors: Michalski Karol 
Published: March 2021

Podstawowy wiedzy filozoficzny nazywa Karl Jaspers (1883-1969) „wiedzy o tym, co obejmujące (Umgreifendes)”. Przy przedstawieniu podstawowej wiedzy filozoficznej nie chodzi Jaspersowi o określenie tego, czym jest byt w ogóle. Nie chodzi mu o zbudowanie jakiejś nauki o bycie. W podstawowej filozoficznej wiedzy, w rozumieniu Jaspersowskim, chodzi o otwarcie przestrzeni, w której byt może nas napotkać. To przedsięwzięcie wyraża także nazwa „periechontologia", pochodząca od starogreckich pojęć periéchon i logos, która oznacza „naukę o tym, co obejmujące". Sens periechontologii nie leży w dostarczeniu jakiejś nowej ontologii, ale w zmianie świadomości rozumienia bytu. Byt rozumiany jako to, co obejmujące, według Jaspersa, nie może stać się przedmiotem poznania naukowego. Ten byt nie jest ani przedmiotem, ani podmiotem. On obejmuje jedno i drugie. Możemy go napotkać w różnych sposobach bycia, które mają charakter bytu tego, co obejmujące.
Polska filozofia wobec encykliki „Fides et ratio", Toruń 19-21.04.1999. Materiały Konferencji [Polish Philosophy Faces the Encyclical „Fides et ratio". Toruń, April 19th-21st, 1999. The Proceedings from the Conference Held at the University of Toruń]
Authors: Mądel Krzysztof 
Published: March 2021

The encyclical Fides et ratio: On the Relationship Between Faith and Reason, written by Pope John Paul II in the summer of 1998 and published in the Vatican City 14th September of the same year, received
considerable amount of commentaries in Poland. Several different volumes have already appeared: there are proceedings of some scientific meetings (Wiara i rozum na progu trzeciego tysiąclecia. Materiały na I Krajową Konferencję z cyklu Nauka na przełomie wieków, 6 maja 1999, Szczecin, Wydaw. Naukowe US, 1999, pp. 177; Wiara i rozum. Refleksje nad encykliką Jana Pawta II Fides et ratio. Zbiór przemówień i referatów z sesji naukowej. KUL 21 stycznia 1999, ed. by Gabriel Witaszek, Lublin 1999, KUL, pp. 160), some collected works (Rozum i wiara mowią do mnie. Wokół encykliki Jana Pawta II Fides et ratio, ed. by Krzysztof Mądel, Kraków 1999, WAM, pp. 263; Na skrzydtach wiary i rozumu, ed. by Ignacy Dec, Wroclaw, 1999, PFT, pp. 232), and a special, philosophical edition of the monthly review „Znak" (No. 527, 4/1999).
Krzysztof Stachewicz. W poszukiwaniu podstaw moralności. Tomistyczna etyka prawa naturalnego a etyka wartości Dietricha von Hildebranda
Authors: Bremer Józef 
Published: March 2021

Der Schwerpunkt der wissenschaftlichen Forschung von Krzysztof Stachewicz (Dozent am Institut für Christliche Philosophie der Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität in Posen) liegt im Bereich der thomistischen und fenomenologischen Ethik. Das vorliegende Buch spiegelt diesen Interessenkreis des Autors wieder und es stellt zwei, auf den ersten Blick weit auseinander liegende Auffassungen über Ethik und Moral kritisch gegenüber: die Theorie des Naturrechts und die klassische Wertethik. Die beiden bilden zugleich zwei führende Traditionen, wenn es um die Begründung der Moral geht. Die Ethik des Naturrechts gründet in einer objektiven Ordnung und stützt die Moral auf die - wie der Autor es nennt - Seinsgrundlage (obiectum). Die klassische Wertethik geht bei der Begründung von einer subjektiven Basis aus und konzentriert sich auf die Analysen des Subiektes (subiectum). Die erste Auffassung der Ethik ist ihres Wesens nach naturalistisch, die zweite intuitionistisch.
Jerzy Perzanowski ed. Izydora Dąmbska (1904-1983). Materiały z sympozjum, „Non est necesse vivere, necesse est philosophar" Kraków, 18-19 grudnia 1998 r.
Authors: Bremer Józef 
Published: March 2021

„Es gibt Leute, deren Biographien den alten Grundsatz des Virgil bestätigen: labor omnia vincit improbus - beharrliche Arbeit überwindet alles." Dieser Satz, der aus dem Einband des vorliegenden Buches stammt, kann zugleich als Motto über das Leben und Werk der Philosophin Izydora Dąmbska (1904-1983) geschrieben werden. Sie war Schülerin und letzte Assistentin von Kazimierz Twardowski, dem Begründer der Lemberger-Warschauer-Schule, einer der bedeutendsten philosophischen Schulen des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts.
Twardowski war in Wien Schüler von Franz Brentano gewesen, dessen Denken auf die genannte Schule großen Einfluß ausgeübt hat. Die Schule wurde im Jahre 1895 gegründet, als Twardowski nach Lwow (Lemberg) kam.