bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drift of an ocean bottom electromagnetometer from the Bonin to Ryukyu Islands: estimation of the path and travel time by numerical tracking experiments
Authors: Tada Noriko , Nishikawa Haruka , Ichihara Hiroshi , Watanabe Hiromi Kayama , Kuwatani Tatsu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOcean bottom electromagnetometers (OBEMs) installed on the seafloor around Nishinoshima Island (Bonin Islands) were missing after a December volcanic eruption. In February 2021, one was found on a beach on Iriomote Island (Ryukyu Islands), implying that it drifted westward for 1700 km. The reason(s) for the disappearance of the OBEMs and the path followed by the recovered OBEM while drifting are important information for future ocean bottom observations and seafloor volcanology in general. We conducted particle drifting simulations with and without horizonal eddy diffusion to estimate the possible drift path and duration of the recovered OBEM. Our simulations show that particles arriving at Iriomote Island have a 7–10% probability of having been transported from Nishinoshima; thus, such transport is not a rare occurrence. Transport durations in our simulations varied widely between 140 and 602 days depending on the drift paths. More detailed insight into the path and duration of drift of the OBEM will require further comparison between drifting simulations and growth histories of barnacles attached on the OBEM. A similar drift duration and path was reported for pumices that erupted from Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba submarine volcano (southern Bonin Islands) during 18–21 January 1986 and arrived in the Ryukyu Islands in late May 1986. Such drifting simulations may prove useful for identifying the sources of drift pumices, and thus otherwise undetectable eruptions. Finally, the Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba submarine volcano erupted on 13 August 2021, producing abundant pumice rafts that, based on our results, would likely arrive in the Ryukyu Islands. In fact, the beginning of October 2021, they began to arrive in the Ryukyu Islands.
Graphical Abstract
Mild poikilocapnic hypoxia increases very low frequency haemoglobin oxygenation oscillations in prefrontal cortex
Authors: Gruszecka Agnieszka , Waskow Monika , Malkiewicz Marta A. , Neary J. Patrick , Singh Jyotpal , Teckchandani Taylor , Kratzig Gregory P. , Wszedybyl-Winklewska Magdalena , Frydrychowski Andrzej F. , Rumiński Jacek , Głowacka Natalia , Lass Piotr , Winklewski Pawel J. , Gruszecki Marcin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to investigate the effect of mild cerebral hypoxia on haemoglobin oxygenation (HbO2), cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and cardiovascular physiology. To achieve this goal, four signals were recorded simultaneously: blood pressure, heart rate / electrocardiogram, HbO2 from right hemisphere and changes of subarachnoid space (SAS) width from left hemisphere. Signals were registered from 30 healthy, young participants (2 females and 28 males, body mass index = 24.5 ± 2.3 kg/m2, age 30.8 ± 13.4 years).ResultsWe analysed the recorded signals using wavelet transform and phase coherence. We demonstrated for the first time that in healthy subjects exposed to mild poikilokapnic hypoxia there were increases in very low frequency HbO2oscillations (< 0.052 Hz) in prefrontal cortex. Additionally, SAS fluctuation diminished in the whole frequency range which could be explained by brain oedema.ConclusionsConsequently the study provides insight into mechanisms governing brain response to a mild hypoxic challenge. Our study supports the notion that HbO2and SAS width monitoring might be beneficial for patients with acute lung disease.
Long-term survival after esophagectomy with distal pancreatectomy for locally advanced esophageal cancer with pancreatic invasion: a case report
Authors: Kaneko Yoshiki , Hisakura Katsuji , Ogawa Koichi , Akashi Yoshimasa , Ohara Yusuke , Owada Yohei , Enomoto Tsuyoshi , Furuya Kinji , Moue Shoko , Doi Manami , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Shimomura Osamu , Hashimoto Shinji , Sakamoto Noriaki , Maruyama Tsunehiko , Oda Tatsuya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The treatment for the locally advanced esophageal cancer invading adjacent organs is controversial. We performed a radical surgery for a patient suffering from lower esophageal cancer with pancreatic invasion, and led to long-term survival.

Case presentation
A 62-year-old man with dysphagia, was endoscopically diagnosed lower esophageal cancer. Abdominal computed tomography shows that the tumor formed a mass with the solitary metastatic abdominal lymph node, which invaded pancreas body and gastric body. He was diagnosed locally advanced esophageal cancer cStage IIIC. As chemoradiotherapy was difficult because of the high risk of gastric mucosal damage, radical esophagectomy with distal pancreatectomy and reconstruction of gastric conduit were performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged 16 days after operation. At present, 7 years after surgery, he is still alive with disease-free condition.

Conclusion
Esophagectomy with distal pancreatectomy may be feasible for locally advanced esophageal cancer with pancreatic invasion in terms of curability and long-term survival.
Efficacy and safety of edoxaban tosylate hydrate 15 mg in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with impaired renal function after orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities
Authors: Kinoshita Teruhisa , Otsuka Sayuri , Torii Shota , Tsugeno Yoko , Fukaya Shiori , Sobue Mari , Ishihara Ayumi , Sakakibara Takashi , Takimoto Norio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Although not indicated in the USA, edoxaban tosylate hydrate 15 mg is used for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis after orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities in Japan. However, its efficacy and safety in patients with impaired renal function have not been fully evaluated. We aimed to investigate the intervention’s effectiveness in these patients.

Methods
From 2018 to 2020, patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty, hip fracture surgery, or knee arthroplasty single granule replacement and with renal dysfunction were evaluated. Safety was evaluated according to bleeding occurrence during edoxaban treatment and liver function endpoints. Patients were divided into the 15- and 30-mg oral groups, including 23 patients with impaired renal function and 209 with normal renal function, respectively.

Results
VTE incidence in the 15- and 30-mg groups was 8.7% and 8.6%, respectively; the intergroup difference was insignificant (odds ratio [OR] 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22–4.56; p = 1.00). Bleeding did not occur in the 15-mg group and was noted in 9 patients in the 30-mg group during treatment with edoxaban; the intergroup difference was insignificant (p = 1.00). The increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels was 30% in the 15-mg group and 19% in the 30-mg group, with no difference between the groups (p = 0.27). Multivariate analysis showed that the dose of edoxaban was not a significant factor associated with the incidence of VTE (adjusted OR 2.31; 95% CI 0.39–13.8; p = 0.36).

Conclusions
Edoxaban 15 mg in patients with impaired renal function may be as effective as edoxaban 30 mg in patients with normal renal function. However, the number of cases included in this study was small and the power was insufficient; therefore, a study with a larger sample size is desirable.
The “Direct tip injection in occlusive lesions (DIOL)” fashion
Authors: Haraguchi Takuya , Fujita Tsutomu , Kashima Yoshifumi , Tsujimoto Masanaga , Watanabe Tomohiko , Sugie Takuro , Hachinohe Daisuke , Kaneko Umihiko , Kobayashi Ken , Kanno Daitaro , Sato Katsuhiko 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The successful intervention for peripheral artery disease is limited by complex chronic total occlusions (CTOs). During CTO wiring, without the use of intravascular or extravascular ultrasound, the guidewire position is unclear, except for calcified lesions showing the vessel path. To solve this problem, we propose a novel guidewire crossing with plaque modification method for complex occlusive lesions, named the “Direct tip Injection in Occlusive Lesions (DIOL)” fashion.

Main text
The “DIOL” fashion utilizes the hydraulic pressure of tip injection with a general contrast media through a microcatheter or an over-the-wire balloon catheter within CTOs. The purposes of this technique are 1) to visualize the “vessel road” of the occlusion from expanding a microchannel, subintimal, intramedial, and periadventitial space with contrast agent and 2) to modify plaques within CTO to advance CTO devices safely and easily. This technique creates dissections by hydraulic pressure. Antegrade-DIOL may create dissections which extend to and compress a distal lumen, especially in below-the-knee arteries. A gentle tip injection with smaller contrast volume (1–2 ml) should be used to confirm the tip position which is inside or outside of a vessel. On the other hand, retrograde-DIOL is used with a forceful tip injection of moderate contrast volume up to 5-ml to visualize vessel tracks and to modify the plaques to facilitate the crossing of CTO devices. Case-1 involved a severe claudicant due to right superficial femoral artery occlusion. After the conventional bidirectional subintimal procedure failed, we performed two times of retrograde-DIOL fashion, and the bidirectional subintimal planes were successfully connected. After two stents implantation, a sufficient flow was achieved without complications and restenosis for two years. Case-2 involved multiple wounds in the heel due to ischemia caused by posterior tibial arterial occlusion. After the conventional bidirectional approach failed, retrograde-DIOL was performed and retrograde guidewire successfully crossed the CTO, and direct blood flow to the wounds was obtained after balloon angioplasty. The wounds heeled four months after the procedure without reintervention.

Conclusions
The DIOL fashion is a useful and effective method to facilitate CTO treatment.
Recent trends of copper detection in water samples
Authors: Elkhatat Ahmed M. , Soliman Mariam , Ismail Rim , Ahmed Somaya , Abounahia Nada , Mubashir Shamna , Fouladi Sohila , Khraisheh Majeda 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Water pollution due to the disposal of heavy metals in water bodies is one of the most global concerns that adversely affect the ecosystem and human health because of their non-biodegradability and potential of accumulation. Copper is one of the most present metals in the environment released mainly from disposing of agricultural fertilizers and pesticides, mining operations, chemical, pharmaceutical, and paper manufacturing industries into stream bodies. The elevated exposure to Cu(II) causes severe toxicity, diabetes, anemia, kidney disorders, liver damage, and death.

Main body
Several researchers developed detection methods and techniques for Cu(II) detection in the different water samples and sources to ensure that Cu(II) concentration falls within the acceptable limit range, including atomic and molecular spectrophotometry, mass spectroscopy, sensors, voltammetry, and chromatography. This review spotlights recent Cu(II) detection trends in water samples, highlighting their detection limits, advantages, and disadvantages.

Conclusion
Based on the water sample, detection limit, method cost, an appropriate analysis can be used. Recent trends of Cu(II) detection in water samples include atomic and molecular spectrophotometry, mass spectroscopy, sensors, voltammetry, and chromatography. The principle, definitions, experimental work, advantages, and disadvantages of each method are discussed and highlighted.
A numerical study on MHD double diffusive nonlinear mixed convective nanofluid flow around a vertical wedge with diffusion of liquid hydrogen
Authors: Patil Prabhugouda Mallanagouda , Kulkarni Madhavarao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present study focuses on double diffusive nonlinear (quadratic) mixed convective flow of nanoliquid about vertical wedge with nonlinear temperature-density-concentration variations. This study is found to be innovative and comprises the impacts of quadratic mixed convection, magnetohydrodynamics, diffusion of nanoparticles and liquid hydrogen flow around a wedge. Highly coupled nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs) and boundary constraints have been used to model the flow problem, which are then transformed into a dimensionless set of equations utilizing non-similar transformations. Further, a set of NPDEs would be linearized with the help of Quasilinearization technique, and then, the linear partial differential equations are transformed into a block tri-diagonal system through using implicit finite difference scheme, which is solved using Verga’s algorithm. The study findings were explored through graphs for the fluid velocity, temperature, concentration, nanoparticle volume fraction distributions and its corresponding gradients. One of the important results of this study is that the higher wedge angle values upsurge the friction between the particles of the fluid and the wedge surface. Rising Schmidt number declines the concentration distribution and enhances the magnitude of Sherwood number. Nanofluid’s temperature increases with varying applied magnetic field. The present study has notable applications in the designing and manufacturing of wedge-shaped materials in space aircrafts, construction of dams, thermal systems, oil and gas industries, etc.
Pathological responses and survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a single-institute experience
Authors: Shohdy Kyrillus S. , Almeldin Doaa S. , Fekry Madonna A. , Ismail Mahmoud A. , AboElmaaref Nedal A. , ElSadany Esraa G. , Hamza Baher M. , El-Shorbagy Fatma H. , Ali Ahmad S. , Attia Hanaa , Kassem Loay 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Pathological complete response (pCR) is a surrogate for the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). We analyzed the predictive clinical factors for pathological responses and survival outcomes in a cohort of Egyptian patients.

Methods
We evaluated the medical records of patients with breast cancer who received NCT in our academic institute. Survival curves were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional models were used for multiple regression analysis.

Results
Our cohort included 368 patients with a median age of 48 years (range 21–70). The median follow-up time was 3 years. The clinical tumor stage (T3–4) represented 58%, with 80% having positive axillary nodes. The luminal subgroup prevailed by 68%. The objective response rate (ORR) reached 78%, and 16% of patients achieved pCR. The clinical node stage and optimal chemotherapy were associated with higher ORR (p = 0.035 and p = 0.001, respectively). Predictors of pCR were clinical T-stage (p = 0.026), high Ki-67 index > 20 (p = 0.05), and receiving optimal chemotherapy (p = 0.014). The estimated 3-year disease free-survival (DFS) was 53%. Receptor status, achieving ORR, and pCR were associated with better DFS with hazard ratios of 0.56, p = 0.008; 0.38, p = 0.04; and 0.28, p = 0.007, respectively.

Conclusions
Luminal tumors still draw benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of clinical response and breast conservative surgery. Treatment escalation to those who did not achieve pCR requires more investigation, given a higher recurrence rate in real-world experience.
Differentiation of malignant from non-malignant portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: the challenging dilemma
Authors: Hanafy Amr Shaaban , Tharwat Essam Elsayed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
PVT is an ultrasonographic finding in up to 8% of patients with liver cirrhosis. Once hepatocellular carcinoma has occurred as the final station in liver cirrhosis, the risk of PVT rises to 40%. Benign and malignant PVT can occur in patients with liver cirrhosis, and it is important to differentiate the nature of PVT as it has a great impact on patient’s management and outcome.

Diagnosis
Confirming portal vein thrombosis and extension by abdominal ultrasound, contrast-enhanced USG, CT, or MRI. Malignant criteria of PVT are pulsatile pattern in Doppler and heterogeneous contrast enhancement, which are especially seen at the arterial phase, neovascularity within PVT, portal vein thrombus with a diameter of > 23 mm while in benign thrombus, PV diameter does not exceed 20 mm. Visible hypervascular tumor is in close proximity to PVT.

Conclusion
It is not uncommon to find portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis, despite the fact that malignant variant is the most frequent, but efforts should be gathered to exclude benign PVT which may change the management of the patients dramatically.
Efficacy of the commercial plant products acting against influenza-a review
Authors: Brindha Devi A. , Sarala R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Influenza infection always poses a threat to human and animal health. Vaccines and antiviral drugs are recommended to deal with the situation. The drawback of these remedial agents made the scientist change their focus on an alternative therapy. The anti-influenza effects of plants have been extensively studied, and many pharmaceutical companies have prepared their products on this basis.

Main body
The present review documents the successfully launched anti-influenza commercial products. In specific, it exposes the scientifically validated and evidence-based supporting inhibitory action of influenza and its strains.

Conclusion
This review highlighted the efficacy of the commercial products which effectively combat influenza. It provides a complementary strategy to deal with the worst-case scenario of flu. Meanwhile, to face the emerging strains, brand new products are in great necessity besides prevailing and available drugs.
Evaluation of sexual dysfunction and its predictive factors in female and male patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Azab Mohamed , Abdellatif Maii Abdelraheem , Abdelnaby Mai Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common disabling joint disease affecting both males and females. Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a common association with RA. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence and predictors of sexual dysfunction in male and female patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Results
The mean age of female patients was 32.1 years and 39.7 years for males. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was higher in RA female patients than controls, 62.1% versus 41.2% respectively (P ≤ 0.05). The prevalence of global sexual dysfunction was higher in RA male patients than controls, 63.8% versus 47.5% respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Predictors of sexual dysfunction in female RA patients were the number of children, BMI, disease duration, DAS score, HADs-D score, HAQ score, VAS score, joint deformity, and the number of drugs. Predictors of sexual dysfunction in male RA patients were age, disease duration, DAS score, HAQ score, VAS score, and the number of drugs.

Conclusion
SD is prevalent in RA patients. Disease activity, pain, depression, and disturbed quality of life affect nearly all domains of sexual functions in female and male patients.
Arterial Chemotherapy of Oxaliplatin Plus Fluorouracil Versus Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Biomolecular Exploratory, Randomized, Phase III Trial (FOHAIC-1)
Authors: Lyu Ning , Wang Xun , Li Ji-Bin , Lai Jin-Fa , Chen Qi-Feng , Li Shao-Long , Deng Hai-Jing , He Meng , Mu Lu-Wen , Zhao Ming 
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE Interventional hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy of infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (HAIC-FO) displayed an encouraging safety profile and antitumor activity in a previous phase II trial and a propensity-score-matching study involving patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS In this open-label, phase III trial, patients with advanced HCC, previously untreated with systemic therapy, were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive HAIC-FO or sorafenib. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) in the intention-to-treat population. An exploratory model for predicting the efficacy of HAIC-FO on the basis of genomic sequencing was developed. RESULTS Between May 2017 and May 2020, 262 patients were randomly assigned. The median tumor size was 11.2 cm (interquartile range, 8.5-13.7 cm). Macrovascular invasion was present in 65.6%, and the percentage of patients with > 50% tumor volume involvement of the liver and/or Vp-4 portal vein tumor thrombosis was 49.2%. At data cutoff (October 31, 2020), median OS was 13.9 months for HAIC-FO and 8.2 for sorafenib (hazard ratio [HR] 0.408; 95% CI, 0.301 to 0.552; P < .001). Tumor downstaging occurred in 16 (12.3% of 130) patients receiving HAIC-FO, including 15 receiving curative surgery or ablation, and finally achieving a median OS of 20.8 months, with a 1-year OS rate of 93.8%. In high-risk subpopulations, OS was significantly longer with HAIC-FO than with sorafenib (10.8 months v 5.7 months; HR 0.343; 95% CI, 0.219 to 0.538; P < .001). A newly developed 15-mutant-gene prediction model identified 83% of patients with response to HAIC-FO. HAIC-FO responders had longer OS than HAIC-FO nonresponders (19.3 months v 10.6 months; HR 0.323; 95% CI, 0.186 to 0.560; P = .002). CONCLUSION HAIC-FO achieved better survival outcomes than sorafenib in advanced HCC, even in association with a high intrahepatic disease burden.
Metamorphosis of Twin Screw Extruder-Based Granulation Technology: Applications Focusing on Its Impact on Conventional Granulation Technology
Authors: Rao Rajat Radhakrishna , Pandey Abhijeet , Hegde Aswathi R. , Kulkarni Vijay Induvadan , Chincholi Chetan , Rao Vinay , Bhushan Indu , Mutalik Srinivas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn order to be at pace with the market requirements of solid dosage forms and regulatory standards, a transformation towards systematic processing using continuous manufacturing (CM) and automated model-based control is being thought through for its fundamental advantages over conventional batch manufacturing. CM eliminates the key gaps through the integration of various processes while preserving quality attributes via the use of process analytical technology (PAT). The twin screw extruder (TSE) is one such equipment adopted by the pharmaceutical industry as a substitute for the traditional batch granulation process. Various types of granulation techniques using twin screw extrusion technology have been explored in the article. Furthermore, individual components of a TSE and their conjugation with PAT tools and the advancements and applications in the field of nutraceuticals and nanotechnology have also been discussed. Thus, the future of granulation lies on the shoulders of continuous TSE, where it can be coupled with computational mathematical studies to mitigate its complications.