bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oncological Outcomes of Patients with Peritoneal Metastasis–only Colorectal Cancer Treated with First-line Bevacizumab and FOLFIRI through Irinotecan Dose Escalation According to UGT1A1 Polymorphism: Compared to Liver Metastasis–only, and Lung Metastasis–only
Authors: Li Ching-Chun , Chang Tsung-Kun , Chen Yen-Cheng , Tsai Hsiang-Lin , Huang Ching-Wen , Su Wei-Chih , Ma Cheng-Jen , Yin Tzu-Chieh , Chen Po-Jung , Wang Jaw-Yuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background:The prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) depends on the metastatic site and systemic therapy regimen. Peritoneal metastases are associated with a relatively unfavorable prognosis among patients with mCRC. In this article, we present the treatment outcomes of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC)–only, liver metastasis (LiM)–only, and lung metastasis (LuM)–only CRC.Methods:Overall, 206 mCRC patients with single-site metastasis and who had received treatment from January 2014 to December 2018 were recruited. Among 206 patients with mCRC, 15 had PC-only mCRC, 145 had LiM-only mCRC, and 46 had LuM-only mCRC. They attended regular follow-ups until November 2020, and the median follow-up period was 24.7 months (5.1–41.3 months). Patients’ characteristics, including clinical data, gene mutation profiles, and clinical outcomes, were evaluated. All patients with PC-only CRC were treated with first-line bevacizumab and FOLFIRI, and the irinotecan dose escalation depended on UGT1A1 polymorphism.Results:Of the 206 patients, no statistical difference was observed between the PC-only, LiM-only, and LuM-only groups in terms of age, primary tumor location, RAS mutation status, BRAF mutation status, and epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression (all P > 0.05). KRAS mutations were detected in two (16.7%) patients with PC-only CRC, 39 (36.4%) patients with LiM-only CRC, and 12 (36.4%) patients with LuM-only CRC. NRAS mutations were detected in one (8.3%) patient with PC-only CRC, six (7.3%) patients with LiM-only CRC, and two (7.1%) patients with LuM-only CRC. BRAF mutations were detected in two (15.4%) patients with PC-only CRC, seven (6.9%) patients with LiM-only CRC, and one (2.9%) patient with LuM-only CRC. Patients with PC-only CRC had a median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 18.0 months and a median overall survival (mOS) of 24.6 months. Patients with LiM-only or LuM-only CRC had mPFS of 18.2 and 26.6 months and mOS of 25.0 and 44.5 months, respectively. No significant differences regarding PFS and OS (both P > 0.05) between the three groups of patients with mCRC were observed.Conclusions:A PC-only status is considered to be a challenge in the treatment of patients with mCRC. Our study revealed that in patients with PC-only mCRC had a higher incidence of BRAF mutations, and treatment of first-line bevacizumab and FOLFIRI through irinotecan dose escalation according to UGT1A1 polymorphism could confer such patients with comparable outcomes to that of patients with LiM-only and LuM-only mCRC. However, further prospective randomized trials on patients with peritoneal metastatic mCRC should be conducted to verify the findings of this retrospective study.
An Ecological Comparison Study On The Causal Association Between Leptospirosis and Moyamoya Disease in Hubei, China, 2017-2019
Authors: Zhiyang Ma , Wang Xiong , Li Meifang , Zhou Da , Zhang Jianjian , Ma Lu , Li Xiang , Wei Wei , Wu Xiaohui , Chen Xiangyan , Zhou Keyao , Huang Zenghui , Chen Jincao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and PurposeThe importance of environmental factors (especially leptospirosis) in moyamoya disease (MMD) has not been clarified. Here we investigated the epidemiological characteristics of MMD under perspective of ecology in Hubei province, China.MethodsWe conducted a population-based study to describe the epidemiologic characteristics of MMD in Hubei province between 2017 and 2019. The regional clusters of the hot spots (high incidence) and cold spots (low incidence) of MMD were identified using the spatial statistical method. To evaluate the role of leptospirosis in MMD, we performed an ecological comparison study to evaluate whether the socioeconomic and environmental variables of hot spots are more suitable for leptospirosis spread. Results The average annual age-adjusted incidence of MMD was 2.85 per 100 000 person-years from 2017 to 2019. The middle-aged had higher incidence of MMD than the children. There existed an obvious geographic distribution of MMD at county level that the average annual age-adjusted incidence of hot spots was about 8 times than the cold spots. The hot spots were identified mainly in the low mountainous and hilly terrain, while cold spots were located in the Jianghan Plains. Compared to cold spots, the hot spots had larger cattle density (28.9 vs 7.7, P=0.002), higher percentages of rice field (80.3% vs 35.7%, P=0.002), and lower elevation (33.6 vs 157.4, P=0.001)Conclusions We identified the obvious geographic distribution of MMD in the province, which initially strengthened the importance of environmental factors of this disease. Moreover, we preliminarily identified that people who lived in the low elevation regions with close contact to the cattle and rice field has a high risk of MMD. Future studies are needed to explore the potential environmental factors in MMD, especially for early-life exposure to leptospirosis.
IGF2BP2 Promotes the Proliferation, Invasion and Migration of Esophageal Carcinoma Cells via Activation of the PI3K/AKT/EMT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shu Wenbin , Lin YuJing , Yan Yan , Sun YaoHui , Wu XiangWen , Cao Qingdong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundInsulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2), as a m6A “reader”, is known to be an oncogene, and its expression is elevated in multiple tumors. However, the role of IGF2PB2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is still unclear. MethodsThis study aims to investigate the role of IGF2PB2 expression in ESCC proliferation, invasion and migration as well as the possible mechanism. IGF2BP2 expression was found to be elevated in ESCC tissues by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. ResultsKnocking down IGF2BP2 expression prevented the proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of KYSE450 and TE1 cells. Knocking out IGF2BP2 reduced tumorigenesis in vivo. Overexpression of IGF2BP2 was performed, and it was proven that IGF2BP2 had an oncogenic effect in KYSE450 and TE1 cells. Moreover, LY294002, a highly selective inhibitor of PI3K, reversed the effect of IGF2BP2 overexpression on EMT processes. All these results show that the effects of IGF2BP2 on oncogenesis and EMT were clearly exerted via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study demonstrates that the oncogenic function of IGF2BP2 is mediated by the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and is related to EMT in ESCC. In addition, IGF2BP2 can serve as a diagnostic and oncotherapeutic marker in further studies.
The impact of artificial intelligence analytics in enhancing digital marketing: the role of open big data and AI analytics competencies
Authors: Saheb Tahereh , Amini Bahareh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The goal of digital marketing is to enhance strategic decision making to discover competitive and consumer behavior, and to provide early warnings of risks and opportunities. In the age of digitalization, digital marketing may be influenced with the use of cognitive technologies and also open sources of big data. The aim of this paper is to understand the impact of artificial intelligence analytics on digital marketing and the role of open big data and AI analytics competencies in this relationship.Design: A structural equation modeling of the 227 questionnaire was carried out. Findings: Our analysis shows that open big data has a significant impact on digital marketing, and AI analytical competencies moderate the impact of open big data on digital marketing. Value: Theoretically, this study extends the literature on knowledge-based view and AI analytics in digital marketing. Practically, this study broadens understandings regarding the perquisites of digital marketing through the use of cognitive technologies and open big data
Effectiveness of Empirical Anti-pseudomonal Antibiotics Recurrent COPD Exacerbation: a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shiroshita Akihiro , Miyakoshi Chisato , Tsutsumi Shunta , Shiba Hiroshi , Shirakawa Chigusa , Sato Kenya , Matsushita Shinya , Kimura Yuya , Tomii Keisuke , Ohgiya Masahiro , Kataoka Yuki 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although frequent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation has been associated with the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in sputum cultures, it remains unknown whether the empirical use of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics can improve outcomes in patients with frequent COPD exacerbations. This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated whether the empirical use of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics improves the hospital stay length in patients with recurrent COPD exacerbation (>2 admissions from April 1, 2008 to July 31, 2020). For statistical analysis, a log-linked Gamma model was used. Parameters were estimated using a generalized estimating equation model with an exchangeable correlation structure accounting for repeated observations from a single patient. Covariates included age, body mass index, home oxygen therapy use, respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen use on admission, mental status, systemic steroid use, activities of daily living, and number of recurrences. Hospital-specific effects were specified as fixed effects. In total, 344 patients and 965 observations of recurrent COPD exacerbations were selected. Anti-pseudomonal antibiotics were used in 173 patients (18%). The estimated change in hospital stay length between anti-pseudomonal and non-anti-pseudomonal antibiotics groups was 0.044 days [95% confidence interval; -0.077, 0.166]. Thus, the use of empirical anti-pseudomonal antibiotics based only on recurrence may not be necessary.
Possible Caveats of Ultra-Short Heart Rate Variability Reliability: Insights from Recurrence Quantification Analysis
Authors: Melo Hiago Murilo , Melo Mariana Cardoso , Walz Roger , Takase Emílio , Faber Jean 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The heart rate variability (HRV) is the difference between consecutive R-R intervals of heartbeats measured in milliseconds. HRV indices represent the role of sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic branches. Even though HRV is considered an indirect biomarker of Autonomic Nervous System, there are not yet standardized protocols providing reliable clinical measures. One of the reasons is because HRV techniques requires long recording periods. There are attempts of decreasing the required recording, such as the strategy of ultra-short HVR recording (< one minute), which could make the utilization of the technique easier. However, there is little published about its reliability. This work proposes a method to evaluate the reliability of ultra-short HVR based in Poincare map and Recurrence Quantification Analysis, well known methods to assess nonlinear and dynamic information from a system, in order to verify the reliability of the use of ultra-short term HRV. Then, these results was compared with the classical HRV coefficients, such as rMSSD, recorded from subjects in spontaneous breathing and also, in controlled breathing protocols. As a conclusion, using the proposed methods, we were able to show the discrepancy between the segments of interest, both on mean and in variance, explained in the analysis of main components.
Main actors in the Cephalopod Global Trade Network: a graph theory analysis
Authors: Ospina-Alvarez Andres , Mohan Silvia de Juan , Pita Pablo , Ainsworth Gillian , Matos Fabio , Pita Cristina , Villasante Sebastián 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The global cephalopod trade is a multi-billion-dollar industry that involves fishing and captive breeding of a dozen species of high commercial value. It also contributes wholly or partly to the income and subsistence of thousands of families around the world. Despite its broad ecological, social, and economic importance, limited research has been conducted to describe the scope and scale of the global cephalopod trade. To date, there is no specific regulation, nor have tracking systems been implemented, to study the traceability of the global cephalopod trade at an international level. We provide, for the first time, a comprehensive description of the legal trade in cephalopods to understand who the key world players in the cephalopod seafood markets are. We analysed 20 years of records compiled by the United Nations COMTRADE database. The database contained 115,108 entries for squid and cuttlefish and 71,659 entries for octopus, including the product flow between traders (countries or territories) weighted by volume (kg) and monetary value (USD). Graph theoretic analysis was used to explore the emergent properties of this database through the analysis of different measures of centrality that provide insights on the key role of the traders in the network. Our findings show that most of the market movements between ca. 250 traders are led by three countries (China, Spain, and Japan), involving 11 clusters of traders based on the volume and value of cephalopod trade and number of transactions. The most important cluster, that dominates the cephalopod seafood market, is composed by 5 Asian countries (China, India, Republic of Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam), 2 European countries (the Netherlands and Spain) and the USA. This work identifies the traders that act as major exporters and/or importers, the modulators, intermediaries or accumulators, the best-connected traders, the principal flow routes and the weaknesses of the global cephalopod trade network. This network information is essential to advance towards a transparent and sustainable cephalopods world trade.
Assessing effects of rainfall on farming activities as the predictor of climate changes in Sadi Chanka District of Kellem Wolega, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Eticha Tolera Kuma , Rikiti Abdi Kitaba , Abdisa Soresa Shuma , Ejeta Adugna Gindaba 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study was carried out in Sadi Chanka District (Ethiopia) to assess effects of rainfall on farming activities as the predictor of climate change. This study used a mixed approach. Purposive sampling technique was used to select representative kebeles. Elkofale, Keto Shan and Komba were chosen and 128 farmers from each kebeles were involved in a survey. A simple random sampling technique was used to select representative farmers of the study area. In this study, interview, focus group discussion, questionnaires and site observation were employed as data collection tools. SPSS Version 20 was used for data analysis. The majority of the respondent farmers revealed that their productivity status had fluctuated patterns due to untimely rainfall and scarcity of water occasionally. The present study confirmed that choices of agricultural activities by farmers were linked with the change in climate and irregular distribution of rainfall patterns. The ecology of farmland in Sadi Chanka has been degraded critically. This work had also clearly demonstrated the existence of farmers' choices of agricultural activities, including coffee production, poultry production and production of fruits like mango and papaya. Community as whole and concerned governmental sectors should be alerted on participatory ecological management and climate change mitigation.
Beneficial Effects of Liposomal Formulations of Lichen Substances: A Review
Authors: Kukavica Biljana , Tatipamula Vinay Bharadwaj , Nguyen Ha Thi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract:Lichens are commonly used as essential traditional medicines to treat various conditions, including skin disorders, wounds, digestive, respiratory, obstetric, and gynecological problems in many cultures in Africa, Asia, Europe, Haitian, Oceania, and North and South America. Lichens have been deeply investigated for their phytochemical properties and, to date, numerous compounds (also known as substances) have been successfully isolated from the extracts. However, the low solubility and bioavailability of pure lichen substances have been widely recognized as significant issues hindering their biological applications. Recently, several groups have investigated the properties and the potential applications of lichen metabolites-based liposomal formulations and revealed a substantial improvement in their solubility, bioactivity, and toxicity in the animal. Thus, in this topical review, we aimed to provide an overview of liposomal structures, the efficacy of liposomal formulations, as well as their beneficial effects as compared to the free compounds themselves.
Pharmacological Evaluation of Polar Extract of Chrozophora tinctoria for Effective Treatment of Cancer: In Vitro Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Khan Shahid Ullah , Rashid Faisal , Shah Hamid Saeed , Iqbal Jamshed 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Worldwide, cancer is claimed a major public health problem and is
another leading cause of death after ischemic heart diseases. Currently, the nutraceuticals and their
biologically active phytoconstituents have received immense attention for the prevention and treatment
of cancer due to origin authenticity, natural compatibility, and least toxicity.

Objective:
The contemporary research venture aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of polar
fractions of the Chrozophora tinctoria plant. The plant was selected due to its wide-ranging therapeutic
potential having its role in wound healing, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antineoplastic
as well as antioxidant activities.

Methods:
The aerial part of the C. tinctoria was extracted with methanol and then fractionated with
liquid-liquid extraction by utilizing water, butanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-hexane. In addition
to total phenolic, the flavonoid contents were also determined. Phytochemical analysis was performed
and maximum phenolic and flavonoid contents were obtained in chloroform and ethyl acetate
fractions.

Results:
The obtained fractions were assessed for potential anticancer agents by utilizing HeLa and
MCF-7 cells. The most active fractions from initial anticancer screening were further investigated
microscopically to determine apoptosis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as
cell cycle arrest (flow cytometry). Interestingly, the maximum cytotoxic activity in cancer cells
was observed by ethyl acetate and chloroform fraction.

Conclusion:
It is concluded that ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions showed the most promising
anticancer activity and would be a new treatment option for the most common cancer in females.
Behavioral Activation and Depression Symptomatology: Longitudinal Assessment of Linguistic Indicators in Text-Based Therapy Sessions
Authors: Burkhardt Hannah A , Alexopoulos George S , Pullmann Michael D , Hull Thomas D , Areán Patricia A , Cohen Trevor 
Published: July 2021

Background
Behavioral activation (BA) is rooted in the behavioral theory of depression, which states that increased exposure to meaningful, rewarding activities is a critical factor in the treatment of depression. Assessing constructs relevant to BA currently requires the administration of standardized instruments, such as the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS), which places a burden on patients and providers, among other potential limitations. Previous work has shown that depressed and nondepressed individuals may use language differently and that automated tools can detect these differences. The increasing use of online, chat-based mental health counseling presents an unparalleled resource for automated longitudinal linguistic analysis of patients with depression, with the potential to illuminate the role of reward exposure in recovery.

Objective
This work investigated how linguistic indicators of planning and participation in enjoyable activities identified in online, text-based counseling sessions relate to depression symptomatology over time.

Methods
Using distributional semantics methods applied to a large corpus of text-based online therapy sessions, we devised a set of novel BA-related categories for the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software package. We then analyzed the language used by 10,000 patients in online therapy chat logs for indicators of activation and other depression-related markers using LIWC.

Results
Despite their conceptual and operational differences, both previously established LIWC markers of depression and our novel linguistic indicators of activation were strongly associated with depression scores (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]-9) and longitudinal patient trajectories. Emotional tone; pronoun rates; words related to sadness, health, and biology; and BA-related LIWC categories appear to be complementary, explaining more of the variance in the PHQ score together than they do independently.

Conclusions
This study enables further work in automated diagnosis and assessment of depression, the refinement of BA psychotherapeutic strategies, and the development of predictive models for decision support.
Natural Language Processing Insight into LGBTQ+ Youth Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Content Analysis of Anxiety-Provoking Topics and Trends in Emotion in LGBTeens Microcommunity Subreddit
Authors: Stevens Hannah R , Acic Irena , Rhea Sofia 
Published: July 2021

Background
Widespread fear surrounding COVID-19, coupled with physical and social distancing orders, has caused severe adverse mental health outcomes. Little is known, however, about how the COVID-19 crisis has impacted LGBTQ+ youth, who disproportionately experienced a high rate of adverse mental health outcomes before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
We aimed to address this knowledge gap by harnessing natural language processing methodologies to investigate the evolution of conversation topics in the most popular subreddit for LGBTQ+ youth.

Methods
We generated a data set of all r/LGBTeens subreddit posts (n=39,389) between January 1, 2020 and February 1, 2021 and analyzed meaningful trends in anxiety, anger, and sadness in the posts. Because the distribution of anxiety before widespread social distancing orders was meaningfully different from the distribution after (P<.001), we employed latent Dirichlet allocation to examine topics that provoked this shift in anxiety.

Results
We did not find any differences in LGBTQ+ youth anger and sadness before and after government-mandated social distancing; however, anxiety increased significantly (P<.001). Further analysis revealed a list of 10 anxiety-provoking topics discussed during the pandemic: attraction to a friend, coming out, coming out to family, discrimination, education, exploring sexuality, gender pronouns, love and relationship advice, starting a new relationship, and struggling with mental health.

Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, LGBTQ+ teens increased their reliance on anonymous discussion forums when discussing anxiety-provoking topics. LGBTQ+ teens likely perceived anonymous forums as safe spaces for discussing lifestyle stressors during COVID-19 disruptions (eg, school closures). The list of prevalent anxiety-provoking topics in LGBTQ+ teens’ anonymous discussions can inform future mental health interventions in LGBTQ+ youth.