bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual Use of E-Cigarettes with Conventional Tobacco is Associated with Increased Sleep Latency
Authors: Alexander Laura Crotty , Advani Ira , Gunge Deepti , Boddu Shreyes , Mehta Sagar , Park Kenneth , Perera Samantha , Pham Josephine , Nilaad Sedtavut , Olay Jarod , Ma Lauren , Masso-Silva Jorge , Sun Xiaoying , Jain Sonia , Malhotra Atul 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
RationaleHealth effects of e-cigarettes remain relatively unknown, including impact on sleep quality. We previously showed in a pilot study that females who both smoke conventional tobacco and vape e-cigarettes (dual users) had decreased sleep quality and more difficulty falling asleep, suggesting an effect of gender. We undertook this study in a larger cohort to assess the impact of e-cigarette, conventional tobacco, and dual use on sleep quality, cough, and drug use.MethodsParticipants (n = 1198) were recruited through online surveys posted to social media sites with a monetary incentive. Participants were grouped by inhalant use, with 8% e-cigarette users, 12% conventional tobacco users, 30% dual users, and 51% non-smokers/non-vapers.ResultsDual use of e-cigarettes and conventional tobacco was associated with increased sleep latency relative to non-smokers/non-vapers (p = 0.012). Dual use was also associated with a higher reporting of cough (p = 0.034), as well as increased marijuana (p < 0.001) and cocaine usage (p < 0.001).DiscussionDual use is associated with longer sleep latency, suggesting that the shared component nicotine may be a driver. Because sleep broadly impacts multiple aspects of human health, defining the effects of e-cigarettes and vaping devices on sleep is critical to further our understanding of the effects of vaping on health.
MiR-195-5p Reduces Esophageal Cancer Cell Proliferation Through The IGF-1R/AKT Axis
Authors: Lin Zhao-xian , Lin Xing , Zhu Lihuan , Huang Jian-yuan , Huang Yang-yun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Esophageal cancer (ECa) remains a major cause of mortality across the globe. The expression of MiR-195-5p is altered in a plethora of tumors, but its role in ECa development and progression are undefined.
Result
Here, we show that miR-195-5p is downregulated in ECa and associated with poor survival in ECa. Function assays indicated that MiR-195-5p inhibited ECa progression. Mechanistically, we identified IGF-1R as a downstream target of miR-195-5p, and miR-195-5p/IGFR axis caused a loss of GLUT1 expression, reduced glucose uptake, reduced lactate production, and low levels of ATP production.
Conclusion
Collectively, miR-195-5p as a Eca suppressor impaired glycolysis. This highlighting miR-195-5p as a novel target for much needed anti-ECa therapeutics.
Sexual quality of life in young women with breast cancer during adjuvant endocrine therapy: objective assessment and patient-reported supportive measures.
Authors: Bobrie Angelique , Jarlier Marta , Moussion Aurore , Jacot William , D'Hondt Veronique 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: sexual quality of life (QoL) is affected during and after breast cancer (BC) treatment. Young women are more frequently and severely affected. We analyzed the sexual and global QoL in less than 51 years old women with BC receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy for at least 2 years, to analyze sexual dysfunction after the acute treatment phase. We also questioned women on the actions taken individually and on those they would find useful to address these issues.Methods: a prospective study was conducted to evaluate the sexual QoL of young women with BC during the adjuvant endocrine treatment and to assess patient-reported supportive measures.Results: a total of 45 women completed the 3 EORTC questionnaires and an additional specific questionnaire proposed in the context of the study. We showed a deterioration of the sexual QoL and a poor communication with healthcare professionals about this issue. Most patients (88.9%) declared important that sexuality should be discussed with caregivers and that the partner should be involved in the discussion. The majority of patients (60%) had taken at least one action to overcome the sexual problems, in order of frequency: local treatment like vaginal moisturizer, consultation with a psychologist, while a consultation with a sexologist remained rare. Most of these interventions (63%) originated from the patient herself. Conclusion: sexual QoL is a major issue in BC patients less than 51 years old during endocrine treatment. Communication on sexuality with healthcare professionals needs to be improved. Most of the supportive methods used by the patients were at their own initiative, highlighting the need for a professional counseling on this topic. Finally, patients suggested supportive measures they would find useful and appropriate to develop in clinic.NCT 04200001
Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Energy Consumption in Chinese Rural Households
Authors: Ma Xiaowei , Liu Dandan , Chen Danni , Wang Mei , Li Chuandong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The sustainable development of China's economy has brought about a large increase in energy consumption of residents, especially in rural areas. Nowadays, the per capita energy consumption in rural areas has exceeded the urban residents. Therefore, it is of great significance to pay attention to the energy consumption of rural households in order to realize the harmonious development of energy and economy in China. Based on the survey data of rural households in central and eastern China, this paper uses the method of CLAD estimation of Tobit model to study the influencing factors and structural characteristics of rural households' energy consumption, so as to analyze how to deal with the rapid growth of rural energy consumption and optimize the rural energy structure. The results show that the energy structure of rural households is unreasonable, rural families are using more traditional and inferior cooking heating energy, and there are some differences in different regions; Family characteristics, family wealth and energy conservation initiative have an impact on total energy consumption and different types of energy. Increasing income, education level, electrical appliances quantity and energy conservation initiative are conducive to optimizing the energy structure of the family and promoting the transformation of energy structure.
Assessing The Performance Characteristics of Handheld Ultrasound in A Rheumatic Heart Disease Screening Program
Authors: Kaltenborn Zachary P. , Anteneh Zewde. , Kirsch Jonathan D. , Yates Michelle , Tessier Katelyn M. , Nemec Eileen , Johannsen Ronald A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Rheumatic heart disease affects 33 million people in low and middle income countries and is the leading cause of cardiovascular death among children and young adults. Penicillin prophylaxis has been shown to improve valvular function among patients with clinically silent or mild disease. Efforts to expand echocardiographic screening are focusing on simplified protocols, non-physician ultrasonographers, and portable ultrasound devices, including handheld ultrasound. Recent advances support the use of single-view screening protocols. With the increasing availability and low cost of handheld devices, prospective studies are needed to evaluate their performance in these settings.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study among 19 at-risk school-children participating in a rheumatic heart disease screening program in Ethiopia comparing a handheld ultrasound device (Phillips Lumify) to a fully-equipped portable ultrasound machine (Sonosite M-Turbo).
Results
Agreement between devices was similar for expert and non-expert review (84%). However, when reviewed by a non-expert the Lumify identified fewer screen-positive cases (p-value 0.083). We also compared non-expert to expert interpretation by device and found a significant difference in interpretation for the Lumify (p-value 0.025). There was a trend towards shorter jet length by color Doppler in the handheld ultrasound device for both expert and non-expert review.
Conclusions
Our study highlights the importance of using caution when applying proposed single-view criteria as the sensitivity and specificity may be affected by the device.
Comprehensive Analysis of Prognostic and Immune Infiltrates for CBX Family in Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: li qian , fu lei , wu Dao yuan , wang feng ju 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the common Malignant tumours of the digestive tract worldwide. Chromobox (CBX) family proteins are important components of epigenetic regulation complexes and play key roles in various biological processes. However, the expression level, biological function and immune infiltration of different E2Fs in PAAD and prognostic roles of various CBX family members in Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remain unclear.Methods: In this study, we used multiple bioinformatics tools including Oncomine, GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, TIMER and R Tools to analyze expression levels, prognostic value, genetic alteration, immune cell infiltration and risk factors of CBXs in Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. Furthermore, we confirmed the expression of CBX3 on clinic pathological specimens by immunohistochemistry.Results: The expression levels of CBX1/3/5/8 were significantly elevated in PAAD tissues, and the high expression of CBX1/5/6/7 was associated with the tumor stage of patients. Higher mRNA expression of CBX2/6/7 and CBX8 were significantly associated with favorable OS of pancreatic cancer patients, while higher expression of CBX3 was significantly associated with short OS. We verified the high expression of CBX3 in pancreatic cancer tissues on clinicopathological specimens. Multivariate logistic analysis demonstrated that high mRNA expressions of CBX3 and low expression of CBX8 were independent risk factors for shorter survival of pancreatic carcinoma patients. The functions of CBXs and its neighboring proteins are mainly related to negative regulation of cell cycle process, PcG protein complex, histone binding and regulating pluripotency of stem cells signaling pathways. We also found that the expression of CBXs was significantly correlated with immune infiltrates.Conclusions: Our study may provide new insights into the selection of immunotherapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers and revealed that CBX3/8 may represent a clinically useful biomarker for predicting overall survival in patients with PAAD.
Effectiveness of Tramadol with Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine Alone on Postoperative Analgesia at Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia: Observational Cohort Study
Authors: G/medhin Tsegaye Demeke , Obsa Mohammed Suleiman , Andebirku Andualem Asefa , Gemechu Ashebir Debalike , Haile Kirubel Eshetu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Postoperative pain can cause immediate and extended consequences of poor outcome and result in extended hospitalization. It also progresses to chronic pain, if not intervening early. Wound site infiltration with a mixture of tramadol and bupivacaine is inexpensive, easy, and useful means of providing desirable analgesia for postoperative pain relief. The purpose of the study was to compare the analgesic effectiveness of bupivacaine with the tramadol combination and bupivacaine alone as part of postoperative pain management.Method: A prospective cohort study was employed on 120 patients who underwent elective lower abdominal surgery under general or spinal anesthesia with a systematic random sampling technique. Pain severity was measured by using a numerical rating scale, and the employment of additional analgesics was recorded for 24 hours between the two groups. The Mann-Whitney test and chi-square test were used to compare the median pain score and total analgesia consumption. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the time to first analgesic request between the two groups. Statistical significance was stated at a p value < 0.05 with a power of 95%.Result: Postoperatively, the median (interquartile range) of pain severity score was 1.0 (0-5) in the BT group compared with 5 (3-6) in the BA group. And, time to first analgesic request with the BT group, was 18 hours, 95% CI: (14.53- 21.47), had longer time compared to patients in the BA group was 6 hours, 95% CI:(4.48 - 7.71).Conclusion and Recommendation: Local wound infiltration with a mixture of Bupivacaine and Tramadol decreases the postoperative pain score, total analgesia consumption and has prolonged time to first analgesia request. Therefore, we recommend using a mixture of 0.25% bupivacaine with tramadol is effective for postoperative analgesia.
Constitutive Silencing of LRRK2 Kinase Activity Leads to Early Glucocerebrosidase Deregulation and Late Impairment of Autophagy in vivo
Authors: Albanese Federica , Mercatelli Daniela , Finetti Luca , Lamonaca Giulia , Pizzi Sara , Shimshek Derya , Bernacchia Giovanni , Morari Michele 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are associated with familiar and sporadic Parkinson’s disease. LRRK2 modulates the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP), a clearance process subserving the quality control of cellular proteins and organelles. Since dysfunctional ALP might lead to α-synuclein accumulation and, hence, Parkinson’s disease, LRRK2 kinase modulation of ALP, its age-dependence and relation with pSer129 a-synuclein inclusions in striatal and nigral neurons were investigated in vivo. Methods: Striatal ALP markers were analyzed by Western blotting in 3, 12 and 20-month-old LRRK2 G2019S knock-in mice (bearing enhanced kinase activity), LRRK2 knock-out mice, LRRK2 D1994S knock-in (kinase-dead) mice and wild-type controls. The lysosomotropic agent chloroquine was used to investigate the autophagic flux in vivo. Quantitative Real-time PCR was used to quantify the transcript levels of key ALP genes. The activity of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase was measured using enzymatic assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to co-localize LC3B puncta with pSer129 a-synuclein inclusion in striatal MAP-positive and nigral TH-positive neurons. Results: No genotype differences in macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy markers were observed at 3 months. Conversely, increase of LC3-I, p62, LAMP2 and GAPDH levels, decrease of p-mTOR levels and downregulation of mTOR and TFEB expression was observed in 12-month-old kinase-dead mice. The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio was reduced following administration of chloroquine, suggesting a defective autophagic flux. G2019S knock-in mice showed LAMP2 accumulation and downregulation of ALP key genes MAP1LC3B, LAMP2, mTOR, TFEB and GBA1. Subacute administration of the LRRK2 kinase inhibitor MLi-2 in wild-type and G2019S knock-in mice did not replicate the pattern of kinase-dead mice. Lysosomal glucocerebrosidase activity was increased in 3 and 12-month-old knock-out and kinase-dead mice, and GBA1 expression reduced in 12-month-old G2019S knock-in mice. Immunofluorescence revealed a dissociation between LC3B puncta accumulation and pSer129 a-synuclein inclusions in striatal neurons of kinase-dead and G2019S knock-in mice. Conclusions: We conclude that constitutive LRRK2 kinase silencing results in early deregulation of GCase activity followed by late impairment of macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. In G2019S knock-in mice, pSer129 a-synuclein inclusions observed under basal conditions appear unrelated to autophagy impairment.
Multiple Mutations of CYP2C19, PON1 and ABCB1 Influence Platelet Response, Bleeding and Thrombosis Risk to Clopidogrel after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jin Hui , Song Jinfei , Shen Xiaoying , Liang Qing , Sun Guangchun , Yu Yan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:Different combinations of multiple mutations of CYP2C19, PON1and ABCB1 for the efficiency and safety of Clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain unclear.Methods: 263 Chinese Han patients receiving 75mg Clopidogrel and 100mg Aspirin every day for 12 months after PCI were enrolled in this study. ADP-induced platelet aggregation rates, thrombosis and bleeding risk are used to compare the Clopidogrel response among the combined genetic mutation. Results: Our study demonstrated that multiple genetic mutations are very common in patients receiving Clopidogrel and Aspirin after PCI.Patients who have high ADP-induced platelet aggregation rate with more mutations of CYP2C19, PON1 and ABCB1. Patients with full mutations of CYP2C19, PON1 and ABCB1 have highest risk of thrombosis and lowest risk of bleeding in patients receiving clopidogrel and aspirin with one-year follow-up duration.Conclusions:We summarized multiple genetic polymorphism influences platelet reactivity, bleeding and thrombosis risk to Clopidogrel after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Comparsion of Mobile-bearing UKA and Posterior Cruciate Ligament Retaining TKA for Patients with Unicompartmental Knee Osteoarthritis:a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Dan , Li Yang , Ruan Mingxuan , Ma GuangWen , Huang Fei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Many studies have compared unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for knee osteoarthritis suggesting that both procedures had good clinical outcomes. However, there have been fewer studies comparing the mobile-bearing UKA (MB-UKA) and posterior cruciate ligament retaining TKA (CR-TKA) for patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis. Thus, we explored the differences in outcomes and complications between the two cohorts.Methods: In this retrospective study, 41 patients who underwent MB-UKA and 40 who underwent CR-TKA in our institution were included. All patients were suffered from unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis. Patient demographics, preoperative and latest postoperative range of movement (ROM), Knee Society (KS) scores, and Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) were compared between the two cohorts. Additionally, complications, revisions, and 5-years survivorship were also analyzed.Results: The results showed MB-UKA patients had similar preoperative ROM and Knee Society pain (KSP), functional (KSF), and clinical (KSC) scores with CR-TKA patients (p = 0.104, p = 0.755, p = 0.32, p = 0.928, respectively). The mean follow-up for MB-UKA and CR-TKA groups was 3.4 and 3.7 years, respectively. Two MB-UKA and one CR-TKA patient required revision surgery. The latest postoperative KSF scores, ROM, FJS, and change in KSC scores and ROM were higher (p < 0.05) after MB-UKA, but the latest postoperative KSP, KSC, and change in KSF scores were equivalent between the two cohorts. There were no differences in complication, revision rates, and 5-year survivorship estimates.Conclusions: MB-UKA patients showed better functional outcomes and FJS, and higher ROM with similar survivorship compared with CR-TKA patients. MB-UKA should be considered as a primary treatment option for patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis.Trial registration: researchregistry5032. Registered 23 July 2019, retrospectively registered
Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Laura Petraglia , Maddalena Conte , Giuseppe Comentale , Serena Cabaro , Pasquale Campana , Teresa Cante , Gerardo Gerundo , Carmela Russo , Ilaria Amaranto , Dario Bruzzese , Pietro Formisano , Emanuele Pilato , Dario Leosco , Valentina Parisi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) often occurs after cardiac surgery and is associated to increased risk of stroke and mortality. Several evidence support the important role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). It is known that an increased volume and a pro-inflammatory phenotype of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) are both associated with AF onset in non surgical context. In the present study, we aim to evaluate whether also POAF occurrence may be triggered by an exalted production of inflammatory mediators from EAT.Methods. The study population was composed of 105 patients, with no history of paroxysmal or permanent AF, undergoing elective cardiac surgery. After clinical evaluation, all patients performed an echocardiographic study including the measurement of EAT thickness. Serum samples and EAT biopsies were collected before surgery. Levels of 10 inflammatory cytokines were measured in serum and EAT conditioned media. After surgery, cardiac rhythm was monitored for 7 days.Results. Forty-four patients (41.3%) developed POAF. As regard to cardiovascular therapy, only statin use was significantly lower in POAF patients (65.1% vs. 84.7%; p-0.032). Levels of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), in both serum and EAT, were significantly higher in POAF patients (130.1 pg/ml vs. 68.7 pg/ml; p = < 0.001; 322.4 pg/ml vs. 153.4 pg/ml; p = 0.028 respectively). EAT levels of IL-6 were significantly increased in POAF patients compared to those in sinus rhythm (126.3 pg/ml vs. 23 pg/ml; p = < 0.005).ConclusionHigher EAT levels of IL6 and MCP1 are significantly associated with the occurrence of POAF. Statin therapy seems to play a role in preventing POAF. These results might pave the way for a targeted use of these drugs in the perioperative period.
Low Transmission Rates of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) in Foals Born To Seropositive Feral Mares Inhabiting the Amazon Delta Region Despite Climatic Conditions Supporting High Insect Vector Populations
Authors: Resende Cláudia Fideles , Santos Alison Miranda , Cook Richard Frank , Victor Raphael Mattoso , Câmara Rebeca Jéssica Falcão , Gonçalves Gilberto Pereira , Lima Juliana Gonçalves , Silva André Guimarães Maciel e , Leite Romulo Cerqueira , Reis Jenner Karlisson Pimenta 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Marajó Island within in the Amazon River Delta supports numerous bands of feral equids including the genetically distinct Marajoara horses. Roughly 40% of the equids on the island are infected with the Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). In the absence of iatrogenic transmission, spread of this lentivirus is mediated mainly by hematophagous insects whose year-round prevalence on the island is supported by favorable climatic conditions. The euthanasia of all infected equids within the population is not a feasible strategy when the prevalence of the disease is high or in highly specialized or rare breeds of equid such as the Marajoara horse. Preservation of these animals is complicated by high rates of seropositivity with the potential for vertical transmission or insect mediated transmission following parturition of foal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate EIAV vertical and post-partum insect-mediated transmission rates among foals born to seropositive feral mares until natural weaning. Serum samples of foals born to seropositive feral mares from Soure municipality, within Marajó Island, were collected to investigate their serological status, using an indirect ELISApgp45 with positive samples being tested in the classical agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay to confirm the results.
Results

Twenty-eight foals were sampled and their serological status was monitored over a 2-year period. Depending on the birth date, some of them were sampled up to six times. All foals remained with their respective mares until fully weaned, approximately 10 months of age, and just 2 of 28 foals (7.14%) in the study group became seropositive against EIAV.
Conclusion

The results showed that in most cases it is possible to obtain negative foals born to and eventually weaned by EIA positive mares, even in equatorial regions where substantial rainfall and high temperatures favor the proliferation of insect vectors.