bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Resilience on Outcomes after Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: McCahon Joseph A.S , Massaglia Joseph , Moncman Tara G. , Riebesell Samantha , Parekh Selene G. , Pedowitz David I. , Daniel Joseph N. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Resiliency is the ability to recover from stressful events and has been shown to correlate with patient outcomes following certain orthopaedic procedures. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between resiliency and outcomes following TAA. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing primary TAA between April 2015 and September 2022 was performed (N =83). Data included demographics, comorbidities, complications, pre- and post-operative visual analog scale (VAS) pain and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) functional scores, Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) scores and surgical satisfaction. Patients were defined as having low resilience (LR), normal resilience (NR), or high resilience (HR) based on a BRS score of < 3, 3-4.30, and > 4.3, respectively. Results: High resilience patients had significantly higher postoperative FAAM ADL, Sports, and Overall scores as well as a significantly greater increase from preoperative scores compared to LR and NR patients. Low resilience patients had significantly lower FAAM Sports and Overall scores compared to normal and high resilience patients. BRS scores positively correlated with postoperative FAAM scores. We found no difference in satisfaction or VAS between the three cohorts. Conclusion: Although functional improvements following TAA are expected, those patients with HR at baseline are more likely to experience greater improvements in functional outcomes following surgery.
Adaptive Dead Zone Compensation Control Method for Electro-Hydrostatic Actuators Under Low-Speed Conditions
Authors: Jiang Haoyi , Ling Zhenfei , Zhou Fengqi , Sun Maowen , Liu Hao , Xu Lilin , Yao Yeming , Ouyang Xiaoping , Yang Huayong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study proposes an accurate dead zone compensation control method for electro-hydrostatic actuators (EHAs) under low-speed conditions. Specifically, the nonlinear dead zone characteristics under low-speed conditions are summarized based on numerous EHA experiments. An adaptive compensation function (ACF) is then constructed for the dead zone. Next, this study proposes an adaptive dead zone compensation control method for EHAs by integrating the ACF with a virtual decomposition controller (VDC) based on the established EHA model. The stability of the proposed control method is also proven. Finally, the proposed control method is verified using an EHA platform. The test results show that the dead zone trajectory tracking errors of EHAs are significantly reduced when combined with the ACF. Furthermore, since most EHAs are controlled by adjusting the motor speed, the method presented in this study is simpler and easier to use than methods that employ flow compensation.
Bilateral primary vitreoretinal lymphoma masquerading as fungal endophthalmitis- a case report
Authors: Agarwal Manisha , Muralidhar Alankrita , Jain Tanya , Katre Prashant , Gandhi Arpan , Gupta Priyanka , Gupta Charu , Narain Shishir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To report a case of bilateral primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) masquerading as endophthalmitis in a patient with a history of bilateral cataract surgery and COVID-19.

Observation
A 60-year-old male patient presented with diminution of vision in both the eyes. There was a history of bilateral cataract surgery done 2 months back at a gap of one week and COVID-19 infection treated with high dose systemic corticosteroids. Patient presented with dense vitritis with yellowish sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) deposits in both the eyes six weeks after cataract surgery. It was clinically suspected to be endophthalmitis. Diagnostic vitrectomy was done in both the eyes and vitreous sample was negative on microbiological and cytological examination. Multimodal imaging along with sub retinal biopsy helped in confirming the diagnosis. Management was done using multiple intravitreal methotrexate injections and remission was achieved.

Conclusion
Vitritis with sub-RPE yellowish deposits may be mistaken for infectious endophthalmitis specially in a patient with a history of intraocular surgery or immunosuppression. PVRL is a great masquerader and is to be kept in mind while diagnosing a middle-aged patient with infectious or non-infectious uveitis.
Biopriming of Maize with their endophyte Aspergillus fumigatus reinforces their resistance to salinity stress and improves their physiological traits
Authors: Yassin Marwa A. , George Nelly , Shabaan Lamis , Gouda Yousra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractZea mays L. (Maize) is one of the most crucial world’s crops, for their nutritional values, however, the water scarcity and consequent soil salinization are the major challenges that limit the growth and productivity of this plant, particularly in the semi-arid regions in Egypt. Recently, biopriming has been recognized as one of the most efficient natural-ecofriendly approaches to mitigate the abiotic salt stress on plants. The haploid (128) and triploid (368) seeds of maize were selected as model verities for assessing their resistance to salt stress and mitigating their effect by fungal-biopriming. Overall, the haploid and triploid plants viabilities were drastically affected by salt concentration, at 500 mM of NaCl. At 500 mM NaCl, the fresh weights of the triploid and haploid seedlings were reduced by ~ 5 and 6.1 folds, compared to the controls, ensuring slightly higher salt resistance of the triploid than haploid ones. The pattern of the endophytic fugal isolates was plausibly changed with the salt concentration for both plant types, Aspergillus fumigatus isolate was emerged with the higher NaCl concentration (400–500 mM), and their morphological identity was molecularly confirmed and deposited into Genbank with accession # PQ200673. The fungal bioprimed seeds of the haploid and triploid plants were irrigated with 400 mM NaCl. The fungal-bioprimed plants displayed a significant improvement on the shoot density, fibrous roots, root length, shoot length, and leaves numbers and areas of the stressed-plants by ~ 1.7 folds, compared to control, ensures the triggering of different salt resistance machineries in plants upon fungal biopriming. The total antioxidant enzymes activities “catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase” of the salt-stressed bioprimed maize plants were increased by ~ 4.7–5.3%, compared to control, confirming the mitigating effect of the salinity stress on plants upon fungal biopriming. The chlorophyll and carotenoids contents were significantly increased of the salt stressed maize upon biopriming with A. fumigatus. The expression of the sod, apx2, nhx11, hkt1, H + -PPase, nced of the plant salt stressed was strongly increased in response to A. fumigatus biopriming, normalized to β-actin gene. The expression of apx2 was dramatically increased by about 30 and 43 folds, in response to fungal biopriming. The nhx1 was significantly up-regulated by 18.9 fold in response to fungal biopriming, compared to control.
Health-care resource use and costs associated with inflammatory bowel disease in northwest London: a retrospective linked database study
Authors: UI-Haq Zia , Causin Luiz , Kamalati Tahereh , Kahol Durgesh , Vaikunthanathan Trishan , Wong Charlotte , Arebi Naila 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
With 20–40% of patients who have inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) not responding to therapy, resource use and costs can be high. We performed a descriptive analysis of health-care data for IBD management in the National Health Service to explore potential areas for improvement.

Methods
In this exploratory study, we analysed real-world data from the Discover dataset for adults with a diagnosis of incident IBD recorded in northwest London, UK, between 31 March, 2016, and 31 March, 2020. We compared mean visit numbers and primary and secondary care costs per patient to examine resource use and costs for active disease versus remission.

Results
We included 7,733 patients (5,872 with ulcerative colitis [UC], 1,427 with Crohn’s disease [CD], and 434 with codes for both [termed IBD-undefined in this study]). Remission was recorded in 19,218 (82%) of 23,488 observations for UC, 4,686 (82%) of 5,708 for CD, and 1,122 (65%) for IBD-undefined observations. Health-care resource use was significantly higher with active disease in all settings except primary care for UC. Total health-care costs were greater with active disease than remission for all diagnoses (all p < 0.0001). The main driver of costs was inpatient hospital care among those with active disease; elective inpatient costs were high among patients with UC and IBD-undefined in remission.

Conclusions
Higher health-care resource use and costs were observed with active disease, which underscores the importance of early induction and maintenance of remission in UC and CD. Updated strategies that incorporate treat to target may offer cost benefits by the offsetting of biologic drug costs with a reduction in costly inpatient hospital stays.

Trial registration
This trial was not registered as it used pseudonymised retrospective data.
Everyday life and boredom of people living with dementia in residential long-term care: a merged methods study
Authors: Gebhard Doris , Frank Julia I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Everyday life in residential long-term care is widely portrayed as boring. However, empirical evidence on this topic remains limited, particularly for the vulnerable group of people living with dementia. A better understanding of everyday life and the associated experiences of boredom could facilitate the development of practical strategies to reduce boredom in this target group. The aim of this study is therefore to analyse everyday activities, daily routines and the frequency and types of boredom in people living with dementia in residential long-term care.

Data and methods
In five long-term care facilities, participants were observed for two days in 20-minute time slots (from 7 am to 7 pm) using the Maastricht Electronic Daily Live Observation Tool. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people living with dementia about their daily routines and experiences of boredom. Qualitative content analysis based on Mayring was applied, using the five boredom types from Goetz et al. as deductive categories. Observational data was analysed descriptively and merged with qualitative data on daily routines. In all, 46 people living with dementia (average age: 84.65 ± 7.15 years, 89.13% female, average DSS: 6.50 ± 3.15) were observed at 2760 time points. Of these, 17 participants took part in the interviews.

Results
The residents spend 47.5% of their day doing nothing and follow a routine that is strongly determined by communal meals. 62.5% of participants are bored, with 18.5% describing boredom as a constant/prevalent condition in their everyday lives. All five types of boredom are reflected in the interviews, with apathetic boredom being the most common.

Conclusions
Although people living with dementia follow almost the same daily routine in residential long-term care, they experience everyday life very differently, ranging from no boredom, to feelings of pleasant relaxation when bored to strongly negative feelings such as hopelessness and frustration. These findings suggest that interventions to prevent or reduce boredom need to be personalised in order to effectively combat the highly individual nature of boredom. Person-centred dementia care provides a valuable intervention strategy to meet this requirement.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
A robust Parkinson’s disease detection model based on time-varying synaptic efficacy function in spiking neural network
Authors: Das Priya , Nanda Sarita , Panda Ganapati , Dash Sujata , Ksibi Amel , Alsenan Shrooq , Bouchelligua Wided , Mallik Saurav 
Published: December 2024

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting millions of people around the world. Conventional PD detection algorithms are generally based on first and second-generation artificial neural network (ANN) models which consume high energy and have complex architecture. Considering these limitations, a time-varying synaptic efficacy function based leaky-integrate and fire neuron model, called SEFRON is used for the detection of PD. SEFRON explores the advantages of Spiking Neural Network (SNN) which is suitable for neuromorphic devices. To evaluate the performance of SEFRON, 2 publicly available standard datasets, namely (1) UCI: Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Detection Dataset and (2) UCI: Parkinson Dataset with replicated acoustic features are used. The performance is compared with other well-known neural network models: Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP-NN), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBF-NN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long short-term memory (LSTM). The experimental results demonstrate that the SEFRON classifier achieves a maximum accuracy of 100% and an average accuracy of 99.49% on dataset 1. For dataset 2, it attains a peak accuracy of 94% and an average accuracy of 91.94%, outperforming the other classifiers in both cases. From the performance, it is proved that the presented model can help to develop a robust automated PD detection device that can assist the physicians to diagnose the disease at its early stage.
Thyroid cancer survival and prognostic factors in Yantai, China (2012–2022): a population-based study
Authors: Liu Haiyun , Zhang Shuxia , Liu Xiaohui , Wang Qianqian , Zhang Hongjie , Cui Weihong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Although thyroid cancer is associated with low mortality rates, significant racial disparities in thyroid cancer outcomes have not been adequately studied in Asia. Moreover, the Asian population consists of different ethnic groups that are not homogeneous. This study aimed to perform a population-based analysis of survival outcomes and prognostic factors in thyroid cancer patients.

Methods
The demographic data and tumor characteristics of all the thyroid cancer patients identified were obtained from the Yantai Cancer Registry. The thyroid cancer-specific death risk in patients was evaluated using the proportion of deaths, standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and absolute excess risk (AER). The Kaplan‒Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) and prognosis.

Results
A total of 10,852 new cases of thyroid cancer occurred with a 5-year OS of 96.20% in Yantai from 2012 to 2022. The SMR decreased from 1.06 (95%CI: 0.93 − 1.33) in 2012 to 0.50 (95%CI: 0.42 − 0.63) in 2022 and the AER decreased from 11.07 (95%CI: -13.42 − 47.39) per 10,000 population in 2012 to -105.02 (95%CI: -149.53 − -63.02) per 10,000 population in 2022. Disparities in the OS of thyroid cancer patients were found across different diagnosis periods, genders, age groups, places of residence, occupational classes, tumor sites and sizes, cervical lymph node metastasis statuses, TgAb levels, pathological types, clinical stages and treatment timings (all p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age group (≥ 65 years: HR = 1.727), tumor site (location in the isthmus: HR = 3.117), tumor size (> 3 cm: HR = 3.170), cervival lymph node metastasis (HR = 1.876), TgAb levels (115 − 500 IU/ml: HR = 7.103; > 500 IU/ml: HR = 13.554), pathological types (MTC: HR = 2.060; ATC: HR = 10.747), clinical stages (stage II: HR = 2.224; stage III: HR = 3.361; stage IV: HR = 3.494), treatment timing (> 3 months: HR = 2.594), diagnosis period (2017 − 2022: HR = 0.633) and gender (female: HR = 0.711) were found to be associated with the risk of death; after stratified adjustment, significant differences in prognostic factors were identified among thyroid cancer patients with varying pathological types.

Conclusion
The risk of death from thyroid cancer in Yantai has significantly decreased and the OS of patients has improved significantly in the past decade. The prognosis of thyroid cancer in this area was notably impacted by various factors and the resolution of survival study outcomes for thyroid cancer patients should be enhanced.
Differentiating low- and high-proliferative soft tissue sarcomas using conventional imaging features and radiomics on MRI
Authors: Schmitz Fabian , Voigtländer Hendrik , Strauss Dimitrios , Schlemmer Heinz-Peter , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Jang Hyungseok , Sedaghat Sam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Soft-tissue sarcomas are rare tumors of the soft tissue. Recent diagnostic studies mainly dealt with conventional image analysis and included only a few cases. This study investigated whether low- and high-proliferative soft tissue sarcomas can be differentiated using conventional imaging and radiomics features on MRI.

Methods
In this retrospective study, soft tissue sarcomas were separated into two groups according to their proliferative activity: high-proliferative (Ki-67 ≥ 20%) and low-proliferative soft tissue sarcomas (Ki-67 < 20%). Several radiomics features, and various conventional imaging features on MRI like tumor heterogeneity, peritumoral edema, peritumoral contrast-enhancement, percentage of ill-defined tumor margins, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values, and area under the curve (AUC) in contrast dynamics were collected. These imaging features were independently compared with the two mentioned groups.

Results
118 sarcoma cases were included in this study. Metastases were more prevalent in high-proliferative soft tissue sarcomas (p < 0.001), and time till metastasis negatively correlated with the Ki-67 proliferation index (k -0.43, p = 0.021). Several radiomics features representing intratumoral heterogeneity differed significantly between both groups, especially in T2-weighted (T2w) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (CE-T1w) sequences. Peritumoral contrast enhancement and edema were significantly more common in soft tissue sarcomas with a high Ki-67 index (p < 0.001). Tumor configuration, heterogeneity, and ill-defined margins were commonly seen in high-proliferative soft tissue sarcomas (p = 0.001–0.008). Diffusion restriction (ADC values) and contrast dynamics (AUC values) did not present significant differences between low- and high-proliferative soft tissue sarcomas.

Conclusions
Several radiomics and conventional imaging features indicate a higher Ki-67 proliferation index in soft tissue sarcomas and can therefore be used to distinguish between low- and high-proliferative soft tissue sarcomas.
Comparative efficacy and safety of pulmonary surfactant delivery strategies in neonatal RDS: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Shiyue , Wang Yu , Zhu Xingwang , Chen Feifan , Shi Yuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare five pulmonary surfactant (PS) administration strategies for neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), including intubation-surfactant-extubation (InSurE), thin catheter administration, laryngeal mask airway (LMA), surfactant nebulization (SN), and usual care, with a particular emphasis on the comparison of the LMA and SN with other strategies.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PUBMED, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases up to November 2023. Two authors independently conducted data extraction, and assessed bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Frequency-based random-effects network meta-analyses were executed.

Results
A total of 36 trials and 4035 infants were included in the analysis. LMA (OR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.09 to 0.42) and Less Invasive Surfactant Administration (LISA) (OR: 0.17, 95%CI: 0.09 to 0.32) significantly reduced intubation rates compared to usual care. SN had a higher intubation rate compared to LISA (OR: 3.36, 95%CI: 1.46 to 7.71) and LMA (OR: 2.92, 95%CI: 1.10 to 7.71). LMA had a higher incidence of BPD compared to LISA (OR: 2.59, 95%CI: 1.21 to 5.54). SN ranked second to LISA in preventing BPD and death, but its efficacy decreased after excluding high-risk studies. SN and LMA had the lowest incidence of adverse events during administration.SN had the highest likelihood of secondary administration. Most results were rated as low or very low quality, with findings related to SN significantly impacted by high-risk trials.

Conclusions
The thin catheter strategy minimized intubation risk and showed a better composite effect in reducing both mortality and BPD incidence. SN and LMA each showed safety and some clinical benefits in the subpopulations where they were studied, but their efficacy needs further validation through high-quality studies.

Registration
This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023463756).
The prevalence of radiographic trochlear dysplasia in patients with patellar fractures
Authors: Morello Vanessa , Zingg Matthieu , Tscholl Philippe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Trochlear dysplasia is found in 3.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–6.7) of the general population and linked to patellar instability and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of radiographic trochlear dysplasia in patients with patellar fractures. Secondary outcome was to evaluate the prevalence of trochlear dysplasia in different type of patellar fracture.

Methods
All consecutive 18-year-old or older patients treated in a level-1 trauma center for patellar fracture between 2003 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Trochlear dysplasia was assessed according to Dejour’s classification on a strict lateral knee x-ray. Patellar fractures were analyzed on AP, lateral and axial knee x-rays and classified on pattern and displacement. Patellar dislocation at time of injury was recorded.

Results
Out of 482 patellar fractures, a strict lateral knee x-ray was found in 166 cases (50.6% women, mean age 56years +/-21, 51% right knee). Nineteen cases had trochlear dysplasia (11.5%, 95% CI 6.9–17.9): 10 high-grade trochlear dysplasia meaning type B, C and D (6.0%, 95% CI 2.4–9.7%); 15 without dislocation (9.3%, 95% CI 5.2–15.3). Patellar fracture distribution showed 17 transverse non-displaced (10.2%), 38 transverse displaced (22.9%), 15 avulsion (9%), 27 multifragmented non-displaced (16.3%), 56 multi-fragmented displaced (33.7%), 7 vertical (4.2%) and 6 osteochondral (3.6%) fractures. Four dislocations were recorded, all had osteochondral fractures and trochlear dysplasia. When considering patellar fractures with dislocation, the incidence of osteochondral lesions was significantly higher in patients with trochlear dysplasia (p < 0.001). This is not true for any other type of patellar fracture (p = 0.138).

Conclusions
This study suggests that there is a significant prevalence of trochlear dysplasia in patients with patellar fractures. This study also suggests that the pattern of patellar fracture is not influenced by the presence of trochlear dysplasia, except for osteochondral fractures associated with patello-femoral dislocations.