1176. Experience with PCV10 Implementation in Colombia and More Severe Course of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in children: A Multicenter Study, 2008 – 2019 (Neumocolombia Network)
Authors: Tobar Ivan Felipe Gutiérrez , Londoño Juan Pablo , Drews Cristina Mariño , Beltran Sandra , Castro Aura Lucia Leal , Castro Aura Lucia Leal , Patiño-Niño Jaime alberto , Alvarez-Olmos Martha Isabel , Barreto Rocio Barrero , Espinosa Fabio , Suarez Maria Alejandra , Ramos Nicolas , Mejia Vivian Marcela Moreno , Marin Alejandra , Parada Claudia Rocio Sierra , Pescador Angela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) have decreased pneumonia in children. Colombia introduced massive vaccination with PCV10 in 2012.

Methods
Pneumococcal pneumonia cases from 10 hospitals part of an active surveillance network for invasive pneumococcal disease were included. Two periods were compared, pre-PCV10: 2008-2012 and post-PCV10: 2014-2019. The objective was to compare characteristics and outcomes before and after PCV10.

Results
370 cases were included. Serotype 1(15, 11.2%) and 14 (33, 24.6%) were the most frequent in Pre-PCV10, with only 4(3%) 19A and 1(0.7%) serotype 3. Post-PCV10, serotype 1 decreased to 6(3.1%), 14 to 15(7.8%), while 19A increased to 58(30.2%), serotype 3 to 32(16.7%) and 6A to 7(3.6%) (p = &lt; 0.001), (Graph 1). Complicated pneumonia (CN) also increased (13.4% to 31,8%) (p&lt; 0,001). Pre-PVC10, 44% of CN were due to PCV10 serotypes; with no PCV13 serotypes cases. Post-vaccine period, PCV10 explained only 8.2% and PCV13 60.6%(p &lt; 0.001) of CN. Comparing PICU requirement among predominant serotypes on each period; 23.5% of serotypes 14 and 27.2% of serotypes 1 were admitted, while 59.4% of serotypes 3, 56.9 % of 19A and 42.8% of 6A required PICU. The median of hospitalization increased from 8(5.5-15) to 12 (7-22) days (p &lt; 0.001), as well as the frequency of PICU, 32.8% to 51.6 %, (p = 0.001). Penicillin prescription was similar (17.2% -15.7%), with decrease in ampicillin use (28.4% - 3.6%) and increase ampicillin-sulbactam (0.7% to 24%), and ceftriaxone / clindamycin (0.7% to 5.7%) in post-PCV10. The duration of empirical antibiotic treatment was 7(4-11) and increased to 10(6-17) (p = &lt; 0.001). Lethality showed a slight, non-significant increase between periods 7.5% vs. 9.9% (p = 0.57). (Table1)
Graph 1. Serotype distribution 2008 - 2019

Year 2012, PCV10 introduced 2 + 1 schedule.
Table 1. Outcomes in the Pre-PCV10 and Post-PCV10 Period

Conclusion
PCV10 significantly decreased vaccine serotypes, with increase in PCV13 serotypes. 19A, 3 and 6A the predominant serotypes had greater severity including PICU admission, CN and more resistance, with an increase in the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and longer hospitalization. The current data support national and regional evidence on the importance of replacing PCV10 to a higher valence that include 19A, as PCV13, with the aim of reducing the circulation, particularly of this serotype.

Disclosures
Ivan Felipe Gutiérrez Tobar, n/a, Pfizer and MSD (Advisor or Review Panel member, Research Grant or Support, Speaker’s Bureau, Has received support from Pfizer and MSD for participation in congresses and has received conference payments from Pfizer)Pfizer and MSD (Speaker’s Bureau, Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Cristina Mariño Drews, n/a, Pfizer (Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Sandra Beltran, n/a, Pfizer (Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Aura Lucia Leal Castro, MD, Pfizer and MSD (Research Grant or Support, Speaker’s Bureau, Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Aura Lucia Leal Castro, n/a, Pfizer and MSD (Research Grant or Support, Speaker’s Bureau, Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Jaime alberto Patiño-Niño, n/a, Pfizer (Research Grant or Support, Speaker’s Bureau, Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Martha Isabel Alvarez-Olmos, n/a, Pfizer (Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Rocio Barrero Barreto, n/a, Pfizer and MSD (Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer and MSD for participation in congresses and has received conference payments from Pfizer) Fabio Espinosa, n/a, MSD (Research Grant or Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from MSD for other research.) Nicolas Ramos, n/a, Pfizer (Other Financial or Material Support, Has received support from Pfizer for participation in congresses) Vivian Marcela Moreno Mejia, n/a, Pfizer (Research Grant or Support)