bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted tibio-peroneal re-entry during subintimal revascularization using the Outback® catheter
Authors: Rippel K. , Ruhnke H. , Jehs B. , Decker J. , Kroencke T. , Scheurig-Muenkler C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Re-entry devices are used regularly in subintimal recanalization of chronic occlusions of the iliac and femoro-popliteal arteries and significantly contribute to the high success rate of these interventions. However, the use in tibio-peroneal arteries has only been described in few cases so far. The present work is a retrospective evaluation of the Outback® re-entry device for gaining targeted true lumen access at the level of the tibio-peroneal arteries.

Methods
From 9/2017 until 10/2020 the Outback® catheter was used in case of failed spontaneous re-entry at the level of the tibio-peroneal arteries in 14 patients either instead of the usual retrograde approach via a pedal/distal-crural access (n = 11) or in combination with it (n = 3). Baseline demographic and clinical data, morphologic characteristics of the occlusions, procedural succedss, as well as the Society of Vascular Surgery (SVS) runoff score before and after revascularization were documented.

Results
All patients (median age: 78 years; range: 66–93) suffered from peripheral artery occlusive disease Rutherford stage 4 to 6 with a median lesion length of 12 cm (range: 7–35). Technical and procedural success was achieved in all 14 patients. The mean re-entry accuracy was 0.25 cm (range: 0–0.8). The SVS runoff score improved from a median of 14.5 (interquartile range IQR: 10.8–16.4) to 7 (IQR: 6.3–7) (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
The use of the Outback® catheter for targeted tibio-peroneal re-entry is associated with a high technical and procedural success rate and should be considered in case of otherwise failed ante- and retrograde recanalization.
Recent developments towards closing the gap in osteoporosis management
Authors: El Miedany Yasser 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
A fracture that occurs in people with low bone mass in the setting of minimal trauma—such as a fall from standing height—meets the criteria for the clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis and qualifies this particular individual for being at high risk of further fractures, particularly in the first 2 years after the index fracture. Therefore, it is vital to identify those individuals at very high and high fracture risk with the potential of instantly starting osteoporosis therapy.

Main body
Currently, there are unmet needs in the management of bone fragility and fracture prevention. Therefore, re-stratification of the people according to their risk of fracture, and, also, identify what is and is not achievable using different osteoporosis therapies, represent a major step forward. In 2020, the dichotomisation of high risk into high and very high-risk categories, which represent a new concept in osteoporosis assessment, was published by the IOF and the ESCEO. This coincided with proliferation of the available therapies with different modes of action and new therapeutic targets for treating osteoporosis. Fear of complications, even though rare, associated with long-term bisphosphonates and the positive impact of osteoanabolic agents on fracture reduction and bone quality, have changed the prescribing patterns and paved the way for sequential and combined therapy.

Conclusion
The incorporation of recent concepts in osteoporosis and the development of new interventional thresholds have positive implication on strategies for osteoporotic patients’ diagnosis and management.
T-Cell Therapy for Lymphoma Using Nonengineered Multiantigen-Targeted T Cells Is Safe and Produces Durable Clinical Effects
Authors: Vasileiou Spyridoula , Lulla Premal D. , Tzannou Ifigeneia , Watanabe Ayumi , Kuvalekar Manik , Callejas Wendy L. , Bilgi Mrinalini , Wang Tao , Wu Mengfen J. , Kamble Rammurti , Ramos Carlos A. , Rouce Rayne H. , Zeng Zihua , Gee Adrian P. , Grilley Bambi J. , Vera Juan F. , Bollard Catherine M. , Brenner Malcolm K. , Heslop Helen E. , Rooney Cliona M. , Leen Ann M. , Carrum George 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE Patients with relapsed lymphomas often fail salvage therapies including high-dose chemotherapy and mono-antigen–specific T-cell therapies, highlighting the need for nontoxic, novel treatments. To that end, we clinically tested an autologous T-cell product that targets multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by lymphomas with the intent of treating disease and preventing immune escape. PATIENTS AND METHODS We expanded polyclonal T cells reactive to five TAAs: PRAME, SSX2, MAGEA4, SURVIVIN, and NY-ESO-1. Products were administered to 32 patients with Hodgkin lymphomas (n = 14) or non-Hodgkin lymphomas (n = 18) in a two-part phase I clinical trial, where the objective of the first phase was to establish the safety of targeting all five TAAs (fixed dose, 0.5 × 107 cells/m2) simultaneously and the second stage was to establish the maximum tolerated dose. Patients had received a median of three prior lines of therapy and either were at high risk for relapse (adjuvant arm, n = 17) or had chemorefractory disease (n = 15) at enrollment. RESULTS Infusions were safe with no dose-limiting toxicities observed in either the antigen- or dose-escalation phases. Although the maximum tolerated dose was not reached, the maximum tested dose at which efficacy was observed (two infusions, 2 × 107 cells/m2) was determined as the recommended phase II dose. Of the patients with chemorefractory lymphomas, two (of seven) with Hodgkin lymphomas and four (of eight) with non-Hodgkin lymphomas achieved durable complete remissions (> 3 years). CONCLUSION T cells targeting five TAAs and administered at doses of up to two infusions of 2 × 107 cells/m2 are well-tolerated by patients with lymphoma both as adjuvant and to treat chemorefractory lymphoma. Preliminary indicators of antilymphoma activity were seen in the chemorefractory cohort across both antigen- and dose-escalation phases.
Adrenal Venous Sampling in Young Patients with Primary Aldosteronism. Extravagance or Irreplaceable?
Authors: Gkaniatsa Eleftheria , Sakinis Augustinas , Palmér Magnus , Muth Andreas , Trimpou Penelope , Ragnarsson Oskar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Context
Current clinical guidelines suggest that adrenal venous sampling (AVS) may not be mandatory in young patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) and a solitary adrenal adenoma on imaging.

Objective
The aim of this study was to further elucidate whether conventional imaging alone is sufficient to distinguish unilateral from bilateral PA among patients aged 40 years or younger.

Methods
This was a retrospective study where data from 45 patients with PA, aged between 26 and 40 years, who underwent successful AVS between 2005 and 2019, were analyzed. Results concerning laterality on imaging studies and AVS were recorded. Outcome in surgically treated patients was assessed according to the Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcomes criteria.

Results
In 4 of 25 patients with unilateral aldosterone production according to AVS, computed tomography inaccurately suggested bilateral disease. Following unilateral adrenalectomy, all 4 patients showed complete clinical success. Five of 20 patients with bilateral aldosterone production according to AVS had a solitary adrenal nodule (8-19 mm) on imaging. Two of these 5 patients were treated with unilateral adrenalectomy, neither having complete biochemical and/or clinical success postoperatively. Two of 16 patients younger than 35 years had discordant results, 1 with unilateral and 1 with bilateral aldosterone production, according to AVS.

Conclusion
Imaging studies inaccurately predicted laterality in a significant number of young patients with PA. In contrast to current clinical guidelines, our results support AVS for subtype evaluation in young adults with PA, including patients 35 years or younger.
Mechanisms underlying gut microbiota–host interactions in insects
Authors: Schmidt Konstantin , Engel Philipp 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Insects are the most diverse group of animals and colonize almost all environments on our planet. This diversity is reflected in the structure and function of the microbial communities inhabiting the insect digestive system. As in mammals, the gut microbiota of insects can have important symbiotic functions, complementing host nutrition, facilitating dietary breakdown or providing protection against pathogens. There is an increasing number of insect models that are experimentally tractable, facilitating mechanistic studies of gut microbiota–host interactions. In this Review, we will summarize recent findings that have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the symbiosis between insects and their gut microbiota. We will open the article with a general introduction to the insect gut microbiota and then turn towards the discussion of particular mechanisms and molecular processes governing the colonization of the insect gut environment as well as the diverse beneficial roles mediated by the gut microbiota. The Review highlights that, although the gut microbiota of insects is an active field of research with implications for fundamental and applied science, we are still in an early stage of understanding molecular mechanisms. However, the expanding capability to culture microbiomes and to manipulate microbe–host interactions in insects promises new molecular insights from diverse symbioses.
Direct Electron Transfer Reaction of Cytochrome c Immobilized on a Bare ITO Electrode
Authors: Matsuda Naoki , Okabe Hirotaka , Nagamura Toshihiko , Nakano Koji 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To measure the direct electron transfer (DET) reaction of cytochrome c (Cytc) immobilized on a bare ITO electrode after removing the adsorbed molecules, automated solution exchange (ASE) processes were performed to induce their desorption. By fitting the absorbance decay curve observed at the Soret band peak position of Cytc at around 408 nm during the ASE processes with a double exponential equation, the final immobilized fraction was estimated to be 58.6% of the Cytc adsorbed on bare ITO electrodes under the experimental conditions. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of Cytc adsorbed on the bare ITO electrodes were measured for 60 min to elucidate the DET activity of immobilized Cytc. After repeated CV measurements, approximately 90% of immobilized Cytc was found to remain from the evaluation based on the coulombic amount of reduction and oxidation peaks. The scan rate dependent peak separation data from the immobilized Cytc between reduction and oxidation peaks in CVs produced 2.7 times larger DET reaction rate constant than that previously reported for the Cytc adsorbed on the bare ITO electrode.
Determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Dunbar Paul , Browne John P. , O'Connor Laura 
Published: January 2021

Background: The delivery of high quality health and social care services is a fundamental goal for health systems worldwide. The measurement of quality in health and social care services is a complex task as there are a myriad of determinants and outcome measures to choose from. Researchers in this field have assessed a range of organisational and environmental factors (for example: staff composition, facility ownership, facility size) for an association with various measurements for quality. Compliance with regulations is one such quality measure. Compliance with regulations is variable and the determinants of this variability are under-investigated. Identifying the determinants of compliance has the potential to improve regulatory processes and can inform quality improvement initiatives undertaken by service providers and policy makers. This protocol describes a systematic review which will review literature from a wide range of study designs and sources to develop an overview of the determinants of regulatory compliance in health and social care services. Methods: A wide range of study designs and grey literature will be sought for this review. Searches will be conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, SocINDEX and CINAHL databases. The studies included in the review will be subject to quality appraisal with reference to the collection of tools available from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data extraction will be informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). A narrative synthesis will be conducted with reference to the CFIR and Normalisation Process Theory (NPT). GRADE-CERQual will be used to grade the overall body of evidence. Conclusion: The findings of this review will be useful to regulators to inform regulatory policy and practice. Service providers and policy makers may also use the findings to inform quality improvement initiatives aimed at improving compliance and quality across a range of health and social care services.
‘Los Argentinos Somos Derechos y Humanos’: A Política Externa da Ditadura Civil-Militar Argentina (1976-1983) Diante da Visita da Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos l `Los Argentinos Somos Derechos Y Humanos’: Argentine Foreign Policy During The Civil-Military Dictatorship (1976-1983) Towards The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights’ On-Site Visit
Authors: Dauer Gabriel Roberto 
Published: January 2021

As violações de direitos humanos na ditadura civil-militar argentina (1976-1983) foram tema de foros multilaterais, sendo um deles a Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH) da Organização dos Estados Americanos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho analisa como a ditadura respondeu às críticas aos direitos humanos, particularmente quando da visita in loco da CIDH na Argentina em 1979 até a publicação de seu informe em 1980. Utilizamos da Análise de Política Externa para compreender as tomadas de decisão da ditadura para receber a CIDH, os atores envolvidos e as consequências nacionais e internacionais desse evento. A visita transformou o campo de oportunidades de denúncia e visibilidade de opositores ao expor as atrocidades da ditadura. Contudo, as decisões do regime não foram lineares: os militares não eram os únicos interessados em defender seus interesses; grupos de direitos humanos, exilados e organizações internacionais disputaram esse campo, somadas desavenças internas na Junta Militar que dificultaram uma congruência diplomática.Palavras-chave: Argentina; Ditadura; Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos.ABSTRACTHuman rights violations during the Argentine civil-military dictatorship (1976-1983) were a theme on multilateral forums, such as the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) of the Organization of American States (OAS). The article analyzes how the dictatorship reacted to criticisms regarding human rights violations in Argentina, especially during the IACHR's on-site visit in Argentina in 1979 until the publication of its report in 1980. Theoretically, Foreign Policy Analysis concepts were articulated to understand the decision-making of the dictatorship to receive the IACHR, the actors involved, and the national and international consequences of the event. IACHR's visit transformed the field of human rights actors’ opportunities of complaints and the visibility of opponents by exposing the atrocities of the dictatorship, whose decisions were not linear: the military was not the only interested actor in defending its interests; human rights groups, exiles, and international organizations also disputed this narrative, while internal disputes in the Military Junta made Argentina's diplomatic congruence difficult.Keywords: Argentina; Dictatorship; Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. Recebido em: 19 Nov. 2020 | Aceito em: 01 Jan. 2021
Predicting intentions of physical activity in patients with coronary artery disease: attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control
Authors: Kanan Shadi , Shahrour Ghada , Broome Barbara , Bernert Donna , Alibrahim Muntaha , Hansen Dana 
Published: January 2021

Background/Aims Coronary artery disease is responsible for over 7 million deaths a year worldwide. In developing countries, such as Jordan, the incidence of coronary artery disease exceeds that of developed countries. One contributing factor to this disparity is decreased physical activity among the population, for reasons related to specific cultural and religious values. Using the theory of planned behaviour, the purpose of this study was to investigate the intentions of Jordanian patients with coronary artery disease regarding physical activity. Methods A total of 109 patients with coronary artery disease were recruited for this cross-sectional study from King Abdullah University Hospital in Jordan. A 15-item questionnaire based on the theory of planned behaviour was used to assess participants' attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and intentions towards engagement in physical activity. Results Perceived behavioural control was found to have the strongest significant relationship with participants' intentions to engage in physical activity. Barriers to physical activity included lack of time, lack of support from family or friends, and feelings of exhaustion. Conclusions: Lifestyle interventions for patients with coronary artery disease should focus on fostering a sense of control over the environment to encourage patients to engage in physical activity.
Use of a proforma to improve documentation of the post-take ward round and encourage initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment in the care of the older people's service
Authors: Xu Allan , Chan Li Yuan , Abedin Muhammad , Sivapathasuntharam Dhanupriya 
Published: January 2021

Aims/Background The post-take ward round is often the first time that a senior clinician reviews a patient on the acute medical take. Despite this, there is no official guidance regarding structure or documentation of the post-take ward round. The aim of this quality improve project was to develop a ward round proforma specifically tailored to the care of the older people's service to improve quality of documentation and to encourage initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment. Methods An initial audit was carried out assessing the documentation of key information and the initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment during the post-take ward round. A proforma was subsequently designed and implemented with the aims of improving the quality of documentation and increasing the number of patients for whom the comprehensive geriatric assessment was started. A repeat audit was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the proforma. Results The results demonstrated an improvement in documentation of all key information criteria and an increase in the initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment. Conclusions Use of a specifically tailored post-take ward round proforma improves the quality and consistency of documentation and encourages the initiation of the comprehensive geriatric assessment.
Variables predicting prognosis following nerve mobilisation in individuals with cervicobrachial pain
Authors: Sharma Tinu , Subbiah Kanthanathan , Aseer P Antony Leo 
Published: January 2021

Background/AimsThe causes of cervicobrachial pain are highly variable and it is often difficult to predict patient response to multimodal treatments, such as neural mobilisation. Little research has focused on identifying subgroups of patients who may show improvement following neural mobilisation. This study aimed to identify the variables that may influence response to nerve mobilisation in individuals with cervicobrachial pain.MethodsA quasi-experimental prospective single-arm study was conducted with 50 participants. Data were collected on various potentially prognostic variables from baseline questionnaires, medical history and physical examination. Participants received 10 days of pain modulation treatment and nerve mobilisation exercises. The Neck Disability Index, Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Upper Limb Tension Test were performed before and after treatment to determine the effect of nerve mobilisation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, univariate correlation, multivariate stepwise logistic regression and non-parametric testing at α≤0.05.ResultsFour variables had a positive influence on treatment outcome: age <41 years, duration of symptoms ≤1 year, fasting blood glucose level ≤5.6 mmol/L (≤100 mg/dL) and systolic blood pressure ≤140 mmHg. On multiple linear regression, the presence of hypertension and diabetes were strongly associated with poor outcomes following nerve mobilisation.ConclusionsYounger individuals with normal fasting blood glucose and systolic blood pressure who have had cervicobrachial pain for less than a year are more likely to benefit from pain modulation and neural mobilisation.
The value of a consultant physiotherapist within a primary care musculoskeletal interface service: part of the spinal multidisciplinary team
Authors: Angus Michelle L , Dickens Victoria , Yasin Naveed , Greenwood James , Siddique Irfan 
Published: January 2021

Background/aims The national low back pain pathway in the UK suggests practitioners managing patients with spinal pathology should be specifically trained to do so and have the ability to link with tertiary spinal services when required. The aim of this study was to ensure referrals through to a tertiary spinal surgical centre are appropriate and patients get the correct advice early in their management pathway. Methods A retrospective review of 700 cases were discussed at a spinal case-based discussion meeting in a primary care interface service, compared to services without this model. A convenience sample of cases were analysed with the consultant physiotherapist and those referred from other allied health professionals into the tertiary spinal surgical centre. Case-based team discussion took place before every referral into the tertiary spinal service, with spinal surgical discussion where required. Results Patients referred from other interface services were more likely to require further work-up such as investigations, or be discharged from clinic on their first attendance than those who had been through the case-based discussion. Conclusions A consultant physiotherapist working as part of the spinal team of a tertiary referral centre can help advanced practitioners with their clinical decision making to help prevent unnecessary referrals to spinal surgical services.