bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Productive Uncertainty: The Pedagogical Benefits of Co‐Creating Research in the Design Studio
Authors: McLaughlan Rebecca , Pert Alan , Lodge Jason M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBalancing the competing demands of research and teaching has long been lamented by academics. The challenges associated with Covid‐19 will make this increasingly difficult. An integrated approach to research and teaching, where students are directly engaged in the production of research, may provide a useful strategy to support ongoing research within the design disciplines whilst befitting student learning. The production of original research requires a willingness to engage in – and manage –uncertainty. Contemporary higher education acknowledges that global challenges are increasing in complexity and, thus, students require opportunities to learn to productively manage this complexity. Utilising teacher observations and student feedback, this article reflects critically on a studio model, iteratively refined over two semesters, with the deliberate intent of exacerbating the complexity already present within studio pedagogy for the production of new knowledge. It outlines a set of strategies for making manageable this uncertainty for students to ensure it is beneficial for their learning. It also identifies a number of challenges educators can face when assuming a duel role as teacher and research partner; and provides advice for negotiating these challenges.
Blessing or Curse for Congruence? How Interest Mobilization Affects Congruence between Citizens and Elected Representatives
Authors: De Bruycker Iskander , Rasmussen Anne 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article examines the role of interest mobilization in strengthening or weakening congruence between elected representatives and citizens on EU policy issues. It argues that the relationship between public opinion, interest groups and elected politicians can be theorized as a selective transmission process. We expect interest groups to strengthen congruence between citizens and elected representatives who share their ideological views. To test our hypotheses we conducted a content analysis of statements made in eight European news outlets on a sample of 13 policy issues and combined this with Eurobarometer polls. Our results indicate that elected representatives from leftist parties are more congruent with left‐wing voters when civil society mobilizes, while the prevalence of corporate lobby groups strengthens congruence between rightist politicians and their constituents. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of interest groups in political representation and democratic governance.
Evaluation of the implications of ice‐jam flood mitigation measures
Authors: Das Apurba , Lindenschmidt Karl‐Erich 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIce‐jam flood risk management requires new approaches to reduce flood damages. Although many structural and non‐structural measures are implemented to reduce the impacts of ice‐jam flooding, there are still many challenges in identifying appropriate strategies to reduce the ice‐jam flood risk along northern rivers. The main purpose of this study is to provide a novel methodological framework to assess the feasibility of various ice‐jam flood mitigation measures based on risk analysis. A total of three ice‐jam flood mitigation measures (artificial breakup, sediment dredging and dike installation) were examined using a stochastic modelling framework for the potential to reduce the ice‐jam flood risk along the Athabasca River at Fort McMurray. An ensemble of hundreds of backwater level profiles was used to construct ice‐jam flood hazard maps to estimate expected annual damages, using depth‐damage curves for structural and content damages, within the downtown area of Fort McMurray. The results show that, while sediment dredging may be able to reduce a certain level of expected annual damages in the town, and artificial breakup and a dike with a crest elevation of 250 m a.s.l. can be the most effective measures to reduce the amount of expected annual damages.
Therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine combined with programmed death 1 inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Teng Chiao‐Fang , Wang Ting , Shih Fu‐Ying , Shyu Woei‐Cherng , Jeng Long‐Bin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and AimHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a serious cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Developing new therapeutic strategies is urgently needed to improve the outcomes of HCC patients. Dendritic cell (DC)‐based vaccines and programmed death 1 (PD‐1) immune checkpoint inhibitors have been regarded as potential immunotherapeutics for HCC. However, the therapeutic efficacy of combining these two treatments for HCC remains to be evaluated.MethodsIn this study, DCs were derived from mouse bone marrow and pulsed with mouse HCC cell lysates to generate a DC vaccine. A monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction of mouse PD‐1 with its ligands was used as a PD‐1 inhibitor. An orthotopic HCC mouse model was established to assess the effect of a DC vaccine in combination with a PD‐1 inhibitor on overall survival and tumor volume.ResultsCompared with the untreated control, single treatment with a DC vaccine or PD‐1 inhibitor prolonged the overall survival and reduced the tumor volume of HCC mice. Further, compared with the single treatment with the DC vaccine or the PD‐1 inhibitor, a combination treatment using both agents elicited a higher cytotoxicity of T cells against HCC cells and resulted in a better overall survival, smaller tumor volume, and greater tumor cell apoptosis in HCC mice.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a combination treatment with DC vaccine and PD‐1 inhibitor may be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Platinum accumulation in oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Wei Guoli , Gu Zhancheng , Gu Jialin , Yu Jialin , Huang Xiaofei , Qin Fengxia , Li Lingchang , Ding Rong , Huo Jiege 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a common and dose‐limiting toxic effect that markedly limits the use of oxaliplatin and affects the quality of life. Although it is common, the underlying mechanisms of OIPN remain ambiguous. Recent studies have shown that the platinum accumulation in peripheral nervous system, especially in dorsal root ganglion, is a significant mechanism of OIPN. Several specific transporters, including organic cation transporters, high‐affinity copper uptake protein1 (CTR1), ATPase copper transporting alpha (ATP7A) and multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (MATE1), could be associated with this mechanism. This review summarizes the current research progress about the relationship between platinum accumulation and OIPN, as well as suggests trend for the future research.
Stimulating sense memories for people living with dementia using the Namaste Care programme: What works, how and why?
Authors: Karacsony Sara , Abela Melissa R. L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundSensory‐based program for people with advanced dementia aim to address unmet needs and to improve behaviours, mood or cognition. Pleasurable, involuntary sense memories stimulated by sensory‐based program are difficult to evaluate because it is not possible to ask what people with dementia remember about their past, or what sense memories are being evoked. Notwithstanding the challenges in identifying what sense memories people with dementia experience, nurses and caregivers should recognise the potential value of sense memories for pleasure and happiness and provide optimum conditions to stimulate the senses.Aims and objectivesTo examine the potential for involuntary sense memories to be activated by sensory stimulation, with a focus on the effects of the Namaste Care programme.DesignThis is a discursive paper applying a content analysis to the qualitative findings of studies reporting on the Namaste Care programme to critically evaluate the topic of involuntary sense memories for people living with advanced dementia.MethodsA literature review and content analysis of qualitative findings on the Namaste Care programme was performed. Findings are reported in line with the COREQ checklist.ResultsEleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Codes were grouped into four categories representing enhanced mood, pleasure, happiness and comfort capturing the effects of the sensory stimulation observed or perceived by nurses and family caregivers. Descriptions provide some evidence of sensory memories activated by stimulation of some senses but not all.ConclusionInvoluntary sense memories contribute to well‐being of people living with advanced dementia. Caregivers, including nurses, need to be aware that involuntary sense memories that do not rely on cognitive processes can be triggered by sensory stimulation and have the potential to enhance mood and bestow pleasure, happiness and comfort over and above the “activity” of the sensory programme.Relevance to clinical practiceBy integrating the documented experiential findings and conceptual understandings of sense memory, this paper contributes to advancing the understanding of the value of involuntary sense memories for people living with dementia that nurses and caregivers need to be aware of and, in turn, provide the optimum conditions for memory of the senses to be activated. A sensory‐based programme, such as Namaste Care, provides optimum conditions at low cost to activate sense memories.
Differentiating research and quality improvement activities: A scoping review and implications for clinical scholarship
Authors: Carter Eileen J. , Usseglio John , Pahlevan‐Ibrekic Challace , Vose Courtney , Rivera Reynaldo R. , Larson Elaine L. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundDifferentiating activities that are research or quality improvement (QI) is challenging.PurposeCompare tools that distinguish research from QI and evaluate the utility of tools to determine whether institutional review board (IRB) approval is required for a test‐project.MethodsScoping review of the literature to identify tools that distinguish QI from research. Two reviewers independently screened records in PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science and Google Scholar and extracted information from tools. Inclusion criteria were English language peer‐reviewed publications or publicly available tools with scoring systems to differentiate between research and QI. The reporting of this review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. We then applied a test‐project to evaluate the utility of the tools.FindingsOne‐hundred forty sources were reviewed; 13 met inclusion criteria. Tools consistently used project intent/purpose, design and intervention as differentiating criteria; additional criteria varied. Five studies described tool development, and one reported that the tool had been tested. Our application of a test‐project proved challenging as tools commonly presented research and QI as discrete activities.DiscussionBased on the core criteria common across tools to distinguish research from QI, we propose a simple four‐criteria decision tool for assessing the need for IRB submission.
Maternal History of Childhood Maltreatment and Control Strategies: A Search for Mechanisms
Authors: Liu Siman , Dong Shuyang , Wang Zhengyan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe current study examined whether and how mothers' personal history of childhood maltreatment related to control strategies toward their children during infancy in mainland China.BackgroundAlthough previous studies have linked mothers' history of childhood maltreatment to negative control with their children, no study has systematically investigated the effect of maternal history of childhood maltreatment on control strategies varying in the levels of power assertion and its underlying mechanisms.MethodDrawn from a two‐wave observational study, participants were 233 Chinese mother–infant dyads. The mothers reported their history of childhood maltreatment at 6 months of child age (T2), and executive function and marital satisfaction at 14 months of child age (T2). Additionally, maternal control strategies toward children were coded from videotaped mother–infant interactions at both T1 and T2.ResultsThe results showed that T1 maternal history of childhood maltreatment was negatively predictive of T2 gentle control, after controlling for T1 gentle control and maternal education status. Furthermore, a chained mediation path from T1 maternal history of childhood maltreatment to T2 negative control through T2 executive function and then T2 marital satisfaction was found.ConclusionMothers with a childhood maltreatment history tend to use less gentle control toward their 14‐month‐old infants, whereas the intergenerational transmission of maternal history of childhood maltreatment to negative control is prevented by better executive function and higher satisfaction in marital relations.
The Impact of an Ocular Prosthesis on the Quality of Life, Perceived Stress, and Clinical Adaptation of Anophthalmic Patients: A Clinical and Longitudinal Trial
Authors: Makrakis Laís Ranieri , de Araújo Camila Borba , Macedo Ana Paula , Silva‐Lovato Cláudia Helena 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeThis prospective study evaluated and correlated the impact of ocular prostheses on quality of life and stress with socioeconomic level and clinical characteristics. The clinical difficulties and perceptions of patients after ocular rehabilitation were evaluated.Materials and MethodsAnophthalmic patients (at least 18 years of age) who were not users of ocular prostheses were recruited. The Medical Outcomes Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS‐10) questionnaires were administered before and after 3 and 6 months of prosthesis installation. Clinical characteristics, difficulties, and perceptions were evaluated by quantitative and descriptive analysis (7 days, 3 months, 6 months). Data were analyzed by the Friedman test and Pearson Correlation test (α = 0.05).ResultsThe final sample consisted of 26 patients. Quality of life showed improvement in the “Bodily Pain” and “General Health” domains. Wearing the prosthesis did not influence perceived stress. The clinical evaluation showed clinical discharge over 6 months and presence of pain only at 7 days. A weak correlation occurred between sociodemographic characteristics and the categories “Role‐Physical” (r = 0.423) and “General Health” (r = 0.494); cause of anophthalmia and “Role‐Physical” (r = –0.471); and type of surgery and “General Health” (r = –0.432).ConclusionsAccording to the results of this study, the provision of ocular prostheses showed positive influence in 2 domains of quality of life and weak correlations with socioeconomic level, type of surgery, and cause of loss. Ocular rehabilitation did not influence stress. The use and care of the prostheses did not affect tissue inflammation, but the discharge was continuous.
What is cohesiveness?—A linguistic exploration of the food texture testing literature
Authors: Rosenthal Andrew J. , Thompson Paul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCohesiveness is a widely used term in the food texture literature. Authors of this literature employ divergent methodologies, and can be divided into those who assess texture through sensory evaluation and those who use instrumental techniques. Within each of these disciplines, there are some specialized uses of the word, creating discipline specific terms such as “cohesiveness of mass.” The fact that many researchers attempt to (re)define cohesiveness, does suggest that the term is not universally understood. This blurring arises partly from the abstract nature of what it describes and also from ill matching measurements being used to quantify it. A widely agreed definition is that cohesiveness is “the strength of the internal bonds making up the body of the product,” yet a challenge continues to be how we can measure it.Using the Sketch Engine corpus analysis interface to examine a corpus of articles from the food texture literature in the periods 2002–2017, the contexts in which the word stem “cohes*” is used were explored. Collocation analysis suggests that in addition to considerable commonality in the way that “cohesiveness” combines with other terms, differences reflect the foci of the disciplines with the instrumental community predominantly dealing with physical measurement while the sensory community relate “cohesiveness” more to oral processing and texture perception.
Environmental correlates of genetic variation in the invasive European starling in North America
Authors: Hofmeister Natalie R. , Werner Scott J. , Lovette Irby J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPopulations of invasive species that colonize and spread in novel environments may differentiate both through demographic processes and local selection. European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were introduced to New York in 1890 and subsequently spread throughout North America, becoming one of the most widespread and numerous bird species on the continent. Genome‐wide comparisons across starling individuals and populations can identify demographic and/or selective factors that facilitated this rapid and successful expansion. We investigated patterns of genomic diversity and differentiation using reduced‐representation genome sequencing of 17 winter‐season sampling sites. Consistent with this species' high dispersal rate and rapid expansion history, we found low geographical differentiation and few FST outliers even at a continental scale. Despite starting from a founding population of ~180 individuals, North American starlings show only a moderate genetic bottleneck, and models suggest a dramatic increase in effective population size since introduction. In genotype–environment associations we found that ~200 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms are correlated with temperature and/or precipitation against a background of negligible genome‐ and range‐wide divergence. Given this evidence, we suggest that local adaptation in North American starlings may have evolved rapidly even in this wide‐ranging and evolutionarily young system. This survey of genomic signatures of expansion in North American starlings is the most comprehensive to date and complements ongoing studies of world‐wide local adaptation in these highly dispersive and invasive birds.
Phenotypic plasticity rather than genotype drives reproductive choices in Hydra populations
Authors: Miklós Máté , Laczkó Levente , Sramkó Gábor , Sebestyén Flóra , Barta Zoltán , Tökölyi Jácint 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFacultative clonality is associated with complex life cycles where sexual and asexual forms can be exposed to contrasting selection pressures. Facultatively clonal animals often have distinct developmental capabilities that depend on reproductive mode (e.g., negligible senescence and exceptional regeneration ability in asexual individuals, which are lacking in sexual individuals). Understanding how these differences in life history strategies evolved is hampered by limited knowledge of the population structure underlying sexual and asexual forms in nature. Here we studied genetic differentiation of coexisting sexual and asexual Hydra oligactis polyps, a freshwater cnidarian where reproductive mode‐dependent life history patterns are observed. We collected asexual and sexual polyps from 13 Central European water bodies and used restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing to infer population structure. We detected high relatedness among populations and signs that hydras might spread with resting eggs through zoochory. We found no genetic structure with respect to mode of reproduction (asexual vs. sexual). On the other hand, clear evidence was found for phenotypic plasticity in mode of reproduction, as polyps inferred to be clones differed in reproductive mode. Moreover, we detected two cases of apparent sex change (males and females found within the same clonal lineages) in this species with supposedly stable sexes. Our study describes population genetic structure in Hydra for the first time, highlights the role of phenotypic plasticity in generating patterns of life history variation, and contributes to understanding the evolution of reproductive mode‐dependent life history variation in coexisting asexual and sexual forms.
Dealmaking Disrupted: The Unexplored Power of Social Media in Negotiation
Authors: Sebenius James K. , Cook Ben , Lax David , Fortgang Ron , Silberberg Isaac , Levy Paul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhile social media has had profound effects in many realms, the theory and practice of negotiation have remained relatively untouched by this potent phenomenon. In this article, we survey existing research in this area and develop a broader framework for understanding the wider roles and effects of social media on negotiation. Through a series of detailed case studies, we explore how social media can drive important negotiations either off the rails or toward beneficial outcomes—and how savvy practitioners can harness this often‐neglected factor to their advantage, or else find themselves outmaneuvered by more digitally sophisticated parties. Applying the lens of the “3D negotiation” approach developed by Lax and Sebenius, we describe a number of potentially decisive roles that social media can play to enhance actions by negotiators “at the table,” with respect to deal design, and “away from the table.” In this 3D context, we show how social media can help negotiators learn about their counterparts (interests, perceptions, relationships, and networks), directly and indirectly influence the parties, mobilize supporters, and neutralize potential opponents. We show that being proactive—both in cultivating digital influence or allies and in building resilience to threats across online information ecosystems—can provide critical advantages for negotiators navigating a hyperconnected world. We develop a preliminary framework to help identify the full range of platforms, tools, and methodologies appropriate for the use of social media in negotiations, including network mapping software and open‐source intelligence techniques. Throughout our analysis, we stress the importance of ethical and privacy considerations.
The miR172/IDS1 signaling module confers salt tolerance through maintaining ROS homeostasis in cereal crops
Authors: Cheng Xiliu , He Qiang , Tang Sha , Wang Haoran , Zhang Xiangxiang , Lv Mingjie , Liu Huafeng , Gao Qian , Zhou Yue , Wang Qi , Man Xinyu , Liu Jun , Huang Rongfeng , Wang Huan , Chen Tao , Liu Jie 
Published: January 2021

Summary

Salt stress triggers the overdose accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in crop plants, leading to severe oxidative damage to living tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as master regulators orchestrating the stress responsive regulatory networks as well as salt tolerance. However, the fundamental roles of miRNAs in modulating salt tolerance in cereal crops, especially in salt‐triggered ROS scavenging remain largely unknown.

Through small RNA sequencing, a salt‐responsive miRNA, miR172 was identified in rice. Further, by generating the miR172‐overexpression or MIR172 gene loss‐of‐function mutant lines, the biological significance of miR172 and its downstream signaling pathways related to salt tolerance were defined.

We demonstrated that miR172 is a positive regulator of salt tolerance in both rice and wheat. More interestingly, miR172a and miR172b, but not miR172c or miR172d are involved in salt stress response, emphasizing the functional differentiation within miR172 family members. Further evidence uncovers a novel miR172/IDS1 regulatory module that functions as a crucial molecular rheostat in maintaining ROS homeostasis during salt stress, mainly through balancing the expression of a group of ROS‐scavenging genes.

Our findings establish a direct molecular link between miRNAs and detoxification response in cereal crops for improving salt tolerance.