bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eugenol Elicits Prolongevity by Increasing Resistance to Oxidative Stress
in C. elegans
Authors: Parween Nikhat , Jabeen Amber , Prasad Birendra 
Published: October 2021

Aim:
To analyze the efficacy of eugenol on longevity by assessing its antioxidant effect
using Caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model.

Background:
Eugenol is a major polyphenolic component of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) which attributes
wide pharmacological activities and can serve as a biomarker. However, the possible effect
of eugenol on longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans has not been reported.

Objective:
The objective of this investigation was to provide the first scientific based results about
the effect of eugenol on longevity, slowing down of paralysis in Alzheimer’s model and the mechanism
behind it in Caenorhabditis elegans animal model system.

Methods:
The phenolic components of methanolic extract of Ocimum sanctum were analyzed by
RP-HPLC. Worms were exposed to different concentrations of extract and one of its components -
eugenol. Lifespan, health span, survival in CL4176 Alzheimer’s model and molecular mechanism
were analyzed.

Results:
Extract of Ocimum sanctum and eugenol increased lifespan and provided indemnity
against pro-oxidants. It also significantly improved healthy ageing and slowed the progression of
neurodegeneration in CL4176 Alzheimer’s model of the worm by increasing survival against prooxidants
and slowing down the paralysis. Longevity effect was independent of the DAF-16 as observed
by using DAF-16::GFP and daf-16 null mutant strains. These results implicate eugenol as a
potent therapeutic compound that may curtail ageing and age related disorders like- Alzheimer’s
disease.

Conclusion:
The present work demonstrated eugenol as a potential anti-ageing compound that
may curtail ageing, improve heath span by enhancing resistance to oxidative stress and exerts its effect
independent of DAF-16 pathway. So, it can be assumed that eugenol can be beneficial to humans
as well, albeit further research is necessary before declaring it for human consumption.
Examining the Effectiveness of Gamification in Mental Health Apps for Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Six Stephanie G , Byrne Kaileigh A , Tibbett Thomas P , Pericot-Valverde Irene 
Published: October 2021

Background
Previous research showed that computerized cognitive behavioral therapy can effectively reduce depressive symptoms. Some mental health apps incorporate gamification into their app design, yet it is unclear whether features differ in their effectiveness to reduce depressive symptoms over and above mental health apps without gamification.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine whether mental health apps with gamification elements differ in their effectiveness to reduce depressive symptoms when compared to those that lack these elements.

Methods
A meta-analysis of studies that examined the effect of app-based therapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness, on depressive symptoms was performed. A total of 5597 articles were identified via five databases. After screening, 38 studies (n=8110 participants) remained for data extraction. From these studies, 50 total comparisons between postintervention mental health app intervention groups and control groups were included in the meta-analysis.

Results
A random effects model was performed to examine the effect of mental health apps on depressive symptoms compared to controls. The number of gamification elements within the apps was included as a moderator. Results indicated a small to moderate effect size across all mental health apps in which the mental health app intervention effectively reduced depressive symptoms compared to controls (Hedges g=–0.27, 95% CI –0.36 to –0.17; P<.001). The gamification moderator was not a significant predictor of depressive symptoms (β=–0.03, SE=0.03; P=.38), demonstrating no significant difference in effectiveness between mental health apps with and without gamification features. A separate meta-regression also did not show an effect of gamification elements on intervention adherence (β=–1.93, SE=2.28; P=.40).

Conclusions
The results show that both mental health apps with and without gamification elements were effective in reducing depressive symptoms. There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of mental health apps with gamification elements on depressive symptoms or adherence. This research has important clinical implications for understanding how gamification elements influence the effectiveness of mental health apps on depressive symptoms.
Perubahan Temperature Humidity Index (THI) di Pulau Jawa sejak 1981 hingga 2019
Authors: Kartika Qurrata A'yun , Hidayat Rahmat , Virgianto Rista Hernandi 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak Pulau Jawa mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk dari waktu ke waktu. Peningkatan ini berdampak pada tingginya aktivitas antropogenik yang menghasilkan emisi yang diantaranya dapat menyebabkan perubahan suhu udara. Suhu udara sangat berkaitan dengan thermal stress yang mempengaruhi kenyamanan bahkan kesehatan manusia. Thermal stress dapat diukur dengan Temperature Humidity Index (THI) dengan suhu udara rata-rata permukaan dan Relative Humidity (RH) sebagai variabel bebas. Penelitian ini menganalisis sejauh mana perubahan suhu udara permukaan, RH dan THI terhadap waktu. Kemudian daerah dengan perubahan THI yang paling besar akan dianalisis keterkaitannya jumlah penduduk menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui terjadi perubahan suhu udara udara permukaan sebesar -0.27 hingga 1.17⁰C diikuti perubahan RH sebesar -2.21% hingga 0.77% dan terjadi perubahan THI hingga 0,72⁰C sejak 1981 hingga 2019 terutama di pesisir utara bagian barat Pulau Jawa. Selain itu, THI di sekitar DKI Jakarta juga memiliki nilai korelasi simultan yang tinggi dengan jumlah penduduk sebesar 0,81, korelasi lag 1 tahun sebesar 0,69, sementara korelasi lag 2 tahun sebesar 0,67. Temuan ini mengindikasikan peningkatan jumlah penduduk berdampak terhadap peningkatan THI pada DKI Jakarta. Abstract Java has experienced an increase in population from time to time. This increase has an impact on high anthropogenic activity which results in emissions, which can cause changes in air temperature. Air temperature is closely related to thermal stress which affects comfort and even human health. Thermal stress can be measured by the Temperature Humidity Index (THI) with the average surface air temperature and Relative Humidity (RH) as the independent variable. This study analyzes the extent of changes in surface air temperature, RH and THI with time. Then the areas with the greatest THI changes will be analyzed for their correlation using the Pearson correlation. Based on the research results, it is found that there has been a change in surface air temperature of -0.27 to 1.17⁰C followed by changes in RH from -2.21% to 0.77% and there has been a change in THI to 0.72⁰C from 1981 to 2019, especially on the north coast of the western part of Java. In addition, THI around DKI Jakarta also has a high simultaneous correlation value with a population of 0.81, a 1-year lag correlation of 0.69, while a 2-year lag correlation of 0.67. These findings indicate an increase in population has an impact on increasing THI in DKI Jakarta.
Dampak pembatasan sosial berskala besar terhadap kualitas udara di Jakarta
Authors: Yunita Rezky , Tambunan Mangapul Parlindungan , Tambunan Rudy P. 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak Beberapa negara di dunia memberlakukan pembatasan sosial dan karantina wilayah sebagai upaya untuk menekan laju penularan wabah virus COVID-19. Pembatasan sosial dan karantina wilayah memberikan dampak negatif bagi perekonomian, namun juga dapat berdampak positif bagi perbaikan kondisi lingkungan khususnya kualitas udara di suatu wilayah. Selama periode Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di Jakarta tahun 2020, aktivitas penduduk di luar rumah menurun secara signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kuantitatif perubahan parameter kualitas udara berupa PM2.5 dan visibility di Jakarta selama periode sebelum (2019) dan setelah pandemi (2020) menggunakan metode statistik. Pengaruh mobilitas penduduk dan distribusi spasial konsentrasi polutan juga dianalisis dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan selama masa pandemi COVID-19, terdapat pengurangan konsentrasi polutan pada tahun 2020 hingga lebih dari 100 persen dibandingkan tahun 2019. Jarak pandang mendatar di Jakarta juga meningkat hingga 11 persen selama PSBB. Mobilitas penduduk mempengaruhi konsentrasi polutan di Jakarta sebesar 30 persen dan distribusi spasial menunjukkan adanya fluktuasi konsentrasi PM2.5 sebelum dan setelah diberlakukannya PSBB. Abstract Countries worldwide have implemented some sort of lockdowns to slow down COVID-19 infection and mitigate it. Lockdown due to COVID-19 has drastic effects on social and economic fronts. However, this lockdown also has some positive effects on the natural environment, especially on air quality. During the 2020 PSBB period in Jakarta, outdoor activity decreased significantly. This study quantitatively analyzes air quality parameters of PM2.5 and visibility changes in Jakarta during the period before (2019) and after the pandemic (2020) using statistical methods. The impact of mobility to polution also become a concern in this study. The results confirmed an improvement in air quality due to the implementation of social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. PSBB has an impact on reducing pollutant concentrations by more than 100 percent during PSBB compared to 2019. The horizontal visibility in Jakarta also increased by 11 percent during the PSBB. Mobility has affected PM2.5 concentration by 30 percent in Jakarta, and spatial distribution of PM2.5 shows evidence of fluctuation during and before PSBB enacted.
Perception and Consumer Behavior of Halal Product Toward Purchase Decision in Indonesia
Authors: Djunaidi Much , Oktavia Cut Baby Ayu , Fitriadi Ratnanto , Setiawan Eko 
Published: October 2021

Indonesia is a country with a majority Muslim population. Therefore, Indonesian consumers have to be more thorough in assuring halal guarantees. One of some identities as a Muslim is consuming halal products. Various factors can affect consumers in purchasing halal products. However, the consumption of halal-certified products is still relatively low. This study was intended to analyze the factors that influenced consumer perceptions in purchasing halal products. A case study was carried out on the coffee product, one of Indonesia's most popular culinary products. The data were collected based on a survey of 170 respondents who live in Surakarta, Central Java Province, and are Muslim. This study suggested that the factors that significantly influenced the purchase were the variables of religiosity, halal label certification, and product prices. In contrast, the variables of halal awareness and brand image had no significant effect. Thus, the five variables simultaneously had a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions for halal products.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Mikro Organisme Lokal (MOL) Upaya Pengembangan SDM Desa Tanjung Agung
Authors: Kuncoro Sapto , ARDIAN SYAH AGUNG 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

Peranan MOL sebagai salah satu materi yang berguna bagi pertanian perlu mendapatkan perhatian dan adanya pengujian serta penelitian lebih lanjut. Sebagai Biofertilizer berbasis mikroorganisme diharapkan mampu memperbaiki struktur dan tekstur tanah, biologi tanah serta menyeimbangkan kembali ekosistem pertanian, baik lingkungan rhizosfer maupun lingkungan di atas rhizosfer. Artikel ini berupaya memberikan gambaran dan penjelasan terkait program kerja pembuatan MOL, meliputi proses, tahapan, hasil, dan manfaatnya. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan dengan model deskriptif-eksplanatif. Hasilnya, masyarakat menerima pemahaman dan wawasan baru dalam hal pemanfaatan limbah rumah tangga. Selain itu, masyarakat dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk kimia dan pupuk buatan pabrik yang umumnya sudah digunakan oleh masyarakat desa, sehingga dapat meminimalkan pengeluaran masyarakat petani desa dalam proses bercocok tanam. Artikel ini terbatas pada pelaksanaan KKN Mandiri Putra Daerah Periode 1 2021. Artikel ini juga berkontribusi dalam keilmuan pertanian serta praktik dan strategi pengimplementasian poin SDGs.

Kata kunci: sampah, pupuk MOL.
Abstract

The role of MOL as one of the useful materials for agriculture needs attention and needs futher testing and researc. As a microoganism based biofertilizer, it is hoped that it will be able to improve soil structure and texture, soil biology and rebalance agricultural ecosystems, both the rhizosphere and the evironment above the rhizosphere. This article seeks to provide an overview and explanation regarding the work program for mol fertilizer making, including the process, stages, results, and benefits. The writing of this article uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-explanative model. As a result, the community received new insights in the use of household waste. In addition, the community can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and factory-made fertilizers which are generally already used by the village community, so as to minimize the expenses of the village farming community in the process of farming. This article is limited to the implementation of KKN Mandiri Putra Daerah Period II 2021. This article also contributes to agricultural science as well as practices and strategies for implementing SDGs points.

Keywords: waste, MOL fertilizer.
Motivasi Pemuda Tani Bekerja di Sektor Pertanian di Pekon Padang Cahya Kecamatan Balik Bukit Kabupaten Lampung Barat
Authors: Hadawiyah Rabyatul , Nurmayasari Indah , Viantimala Begem 
Published: October 2021

Menurunnya jumlah tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian merupakan ancaman bagi keberlangsungan pembangunan pertanian. Partisipasi pemuda di bidang pertanian sangat dibutuhkan. Tujua penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat motivasi pemuda tani untuk bekerja di sektor pertanian dan faktoR apa saja yang berhubungan dengan motivasi mereka. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Padang Cahaya Kecamatan Balik Bukit Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Ada 72 responden pemuda yang bekerja di bidang pertanian dan diwawancarai menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian tingkat motivasi pemuda tani untuk bekerja di sektor pertanian termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan motivasi mereka bekerja di bidang pertanian adalah pendidikan, pendapatan, dan luas lahan.
Kata kunci: Motivasi, Pemuda tani, Pendidikan
Adsorption Performance of Dyes Over Zeolite for Textile Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Hammood Zaman Ageel , Chyad Tasnim Fahim , Al-Saedi Rasha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Removal of textile dyes from wastewater have recently attracted much attention, due to the toxicity, difficult visibility, and thereby the negative consequences on the aqueous environment. Therefore, there have been diverse promising new techniques such as adsorption for dyes removal from industrial wastewater. Compared to the highly cost treatment techniques, removal of dyes using the adsorption process is relatively simple and requires less cost. Synthetic zeolite was used in this research as a high capacity nano-adsorbent for the removal of reactive dyes from coloured wastewater. The impact of main parameters: dose of adsorbent (0.0025 to 0.02 g), pollutant concentration (25 to 200 mg/L), contact time (10 to 120 minutes), degree of agitation (25 and 300 rpm), and solution pH (2 to 8) on adsorption performance of the synthesised zeolite was investigated. The optimum values of these parameters to remove dyes efficiently at 90 % removal were 0.02 g, 200 mg/L, 80 min, 300 rpm, and 6-7 respectively. Also, two models were evaluated, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Langmuir isotherm was more efficient for representing the data than the Freundlich. The results of the Langmuir isotherm gave KL
= 0.08 L/mg, qm
= 6.02 mg/g, and R
2 = 0.98, which fitted to the adsorption data of zeolite. Reactive dye adsorption by synthetic zeolite is a vital tool in identifying the fate of dye removal from industrial wastewater treatment plants.
Indebtedness Among Farmers in Haryana State, India
Authors: Jakhar Babloo , Kait Rohtas 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The study aims to assess the nature, extent and sources of debt and the measures of the burden of debt on farmers.

Materials and methods: The study was based on primary data collected (by field survey) from a sample of 600 farmers selected from Haryana state in India. With regards to the selection of farmers/respondents, a proportionate sampling technique was employed. For the analysis of the collected data, average (or mean value) and percentage techniques were used. The data were collected in January, February and March, 2021.

Results: The study revealed that the average amount of debt per sampled farmer is 563 960 rupees. This amount of debt is very high. Institutional sources played a major role in loan disbursement to farmers. Of the total amount owed, one third of all the debt was incurred from non-institutional sources at a higher rate of interest; 67.03% was incurred for productive purposes and the remaining 32.97% of debt was incurred for non-productive purposes. Non-productive debt adds nothing to agricultural production. 67% of all farmers in the state belong to marginal and small farm-size category. Thus, at small size of land holdings, at higher rate of interest charged by non-institutional sources and non-productive loans are the main cause of farmer indebtedness.

Conclusions: Farmers have been trapped under the burden of debt and are not in a situation to pay their loans back within the prescribed period of time.
Determints of CEO Bonus Compensation
Authors: Wang Hwei Cheng , Fang Chih Chi , Lou Yung-I , Xu Randall Zhaohui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The primary purpose of this study is to explore the determinants of CEO bonus compensation: to examine CEO bonuses and to explore whether or not the independent variables are associated with CEO bonus compensation. For the purposes of this study, a sample of 2,448 CEO bonus compensations across 1,622 firms from 1997 to 2002 was used to test several hypotheses. The dependent variable in this model is the CEO bonus compensation. Bonus is the dollar value of the bonus (cash and non-cash) earned by the named executive officer during the fiscal year. Corporate diversification was divided into two categories; international diversification and industry diversification. Firm performance is measured by both Market-based, Performance (RET) and Accounting-based, Performance (ACE). The results show that the higher the degree of international diversification, and the higher accounting earnings performance, the more CEOs receive in bonuses. In addition, this study found that international diversification is associated with a greater use of bonuses and with a greater reliance on accounting-based, rather than market-based measures of firm performance. The results also demonstrated that CEOs in firms with more investment opportunities will receive higher bonuses than CEOs in firms with fewer investment opportunities and CEOs in larger firms will receive higher bonuses than CEOs in smaller firms.
Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Exchange Rate Uncertain
Authors: Kaboro Jane , Mose Naftaly 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Macroeconomic convergence is critical for member states to achieve the level of harmonization required for establishing a stable and resilient monetary union. The East African Community (EAC) member states, therefore, established set targets for macroeconomic convergence, intending to eliminate exchange rate uncertainty within the bloc and reduce the costs of the monetary union. However, recent empirical studies indicate that the rate of convergence of the member states to the set macroeconomic targets has been very slow, resulting in high exchange rate uncertainty within the region. It is against this backdrop that this research was conceptualized to examine the influence of convergence in macroeconomic variables on the exchange rate uncertainty of EAC states using secondary panel data. The study made use of standard deviation and the Levin Lin Chu (LLC) test to determine convergence and unit root respectively. The panel ordinary least squares (OLS) regression findings showed that all the explanatory variables had a negatively significant effect on exchange rate uncertainty. This implies that convergence in macroeconomic variables among the member countries slows exchange rate uncertainty. Thus, policy should be made towards controlling this negative effect resulting from macroeconomic variables as East Africa bids for monetary union.
Economical Situation in Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Soboń Dariusz , Soboń Janusz , Rogozińska-Mitrut Joanna , Seleznova Ruslana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
What began as a single COVID-19 case in China in late 2019 quickly spread around the globe in the first quarter of 2020. While the impact on the world’s health systems is unknown, the economic toll remains also remains unknown as the world grapples with an unprecedented global recession. This paper estimates that COVID-19 will drag African economies into a fall of about 2,1% in GDP, with smaller economies facing contraction of up to 8%. The contraction is mainly a result of export adjustments affecting primary commodity exporters, and the attendant losses to tax revenue which reduce the capacity of government to extend the public services necessary to respond to the crisis.
Selected Impacts of Regulation (EU) 2019/631 On Value Creation in the Automative Industry
Authors: Čižinská Romana , Chládková Jana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Road transportation is responsible for a significant part of the EU’s total CO2 emissions. Therefore, the automotive sector is subject to continuously strengthening environmental regulation. Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17th April 2019 sets, for the period from 2020 to 2024, an EU fleet-wide target of 147 g CO2/km for the average emissions of new light commercial vehicles and an EU fleet-wide target of 95 g CO2/km for the average emissions of new passenger cars, phasing in for 95% of vehicles in 2020 with 100% compliance in 2021. If a manufacturer does not meet given CO2 standards, the excess emissions premium (penalty) is to be charged. Value creation in the automotive sector across the supply chain is necessarily undergoing a process of change. Manufacturers of passenger cars and light commercial vehicles are forced either to face a massive penalty or to invest in the development of low-emission technology and in the change of the production portfolio towards zero- and low-emission vehicles with lower profit margins and a relatively unformed customer base. The aim of this paper is to identify how the excess emissions premium affects the value creation in the automotive industry. Our methodology utilizes the income-based valuation approach. First, we conduct an analysis of the key financial value drivers of automotive companies in the period from 2016 to 2019. Subsequently, we make a prognosis of value drivers for the future period affected by the above-mentioned regulation.