bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in mechanical thrombectomy and decompressive hemicraniectomy for stroke: A multicenter study
Authors: Oravec Chesney S , Tschoe Christine , Fargen Kyle M , Kittel Carol A , Spiotta Alejandro , Almallouhi Eyad , Starke Robert M , McCarthy David J , Simon Scott , Zyck Stephanie , Gould Grahame C , De Leacy Reade , Mocco J , Siddiqui Adnan , Vaziri Sasha , Fox W Christopher , Fraser Justin F , Chitale Rohan , Zipfel Gregory , Huguenard Anna , Wolfe Stacey Q 
Published: July 2021

Background and purpose Acute ischemic stroke has increasingly become a procedural disease following the demonstrated benefit of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) on clinical outcomes and tissue salvage in randomized trials. Given these data and anecdotal experience of decreased numbers of decompressive hemicraniectomies (DHCs) performed for malignant cerebral edema, we sought to correlate the numbers of strokes, thrombectomies, and DHCs performed over the timeline of the 2013 failed thrombolysis/thrombectomy trials, to the 2015 modern randomized MT trials, to post-DAWN and DEFUSE 3. Materials and methods This is a multicenter retrospective compilation of patients who presented with ELVO in 11 US high-volume comprehensive stroke centers. Rates of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), thrombectomy, and DHC were determined by current procedural terminology code, and specificity to acute ischemic stroke confirmed by each institution. Endpoints included the incidence of stroke, thrombectomy, and DHC and rates of change over time. Results Between 2013 and 2018, there were 55,247 stroke admissions across 11 participating centers. Of these, 6145 received tPA, 4122 underwent thrombectomy, and 662 patients underwent hemicraniectomy. The trajectories of procedure rates over time were modeled and there was a significant change in MT rate ( p = 0.002) without a concomitant change in the total number of stroke admissions, tPA administration rate, or rate of DHC. Conclusions This real-world study confirms an increase in thrombectomy performed for ELVO while demonstrating stable rates of stroke admission, tPA administration and DHC. Unlike prior studies, increasing thrombectomy rates were not associated with decreased utilization of hemicraniectomy.
Klamath Tribal Response to the Pandemic of COVID-19 Among Klamath Tribal Community in Oregon, USA
Authors: Oleribe Obinna , Miller Rachel , Wadzeck Misty , Mendez Nikowa , Tibay Joseph , Langford Timothy , Devine Anjanette , Taylor-Robinson Simon D 
Published: July 2021

Introduction Socially-disadvantaged populations are more at risk of contracting COVID-19 than those with access to better medical facilities. We looked at responses of Klamath Tribes in Oregon, USA to mitigate spread of COVID-19 in a community with a higher incidence of obesity, diabetes and coronary heart disease, compared to the general US population. This study reports on Klamath Tribes response to COVID-19 March -September 2020. Methods Klamath Tribes Tribal Health and Family Services established a COVID-19 Incident Management Team (IMT), instituting creative programs including a Walk-In Testing Center, implementing strict infection control protocols and regular sharing of information on the pandemic and prevalence of COVID-19 amongst Klamath Tribes. All COVID-19 tests were documented with positive cases isolated and people with high risk exposures quarantined and provided with wrap-around medical and social services until recovered or past quarantine time period. Results A total of 888 (12%) tribal members were tested for COVID1-19 between March to September 2020; 50 were found positive for COVID-19, giving a test positivity rate of 5.6% (Male – 6.3%; Female – 5.2%). No deaths have been reported amongst the local Klamath Tribes and other American Indians/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population served by the tribe. Conclusion Despite the fact that structural inequities including income disparities have shaped racial and ethnic impact of epidemics around the world, the timely response, establishment of partnerships and proactive control of the epidemic resulted in minimal impact among the Klamath Tribal and other AI/AN populations served by the tribal facilities.
Clinical outcomes and safety of Diphoterine® irrigation for chemical eye injury: A single-centre experience in the United Kingdom
Authors: Nahaboo Solim Muzammil Ahmad , Lupion-Duran Teresa Maria , Rana-Rahman Romeela , Patel Trushar , Ah-Kine Desiree , Ting Darren S. J. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Diphoterine® is an amphoteric irrigating solution armed with rapid pH-neutralising action. It serves as an effective first-aid treatment for managing chemical burns, including chemical eye injury (CEI). However, its use is not widely adopted in current clinical practice, primarily attributed to limited clinical evidence. This study aims to highlight the experience in using Diphoterine for managing CEI in a UK tertiary referral centre. Methods: This retrospective case series included all patients who presented with CEI and treated with Diphoterine at the James Cook University Hospital, UK, between April 2018 and February 2020. Results: Seven patients (10 eyes) were included; the mean age was 28.2 ± 17.0 years (ranged, 3–70 years) and 85.7% were male. All patients presented with an alkaline injury with a mean presenting pH of 8.7 ± 0.7 and a median (±interquartile range [IQR]) corrected-distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 0.10 ± 0.28 logMAR. Based on Roper-Hall classification, 90% and 10% of the eyes were of grade-I and -IV CEI, respectively. All eyes received normal saline/water as the first irrigation fluid and Diphoterine as second irrigation fluid. The mean pH improved slightly after first irrigation (8.4 ± 0.7; p = 0.13) and significantly after second irrigation (7.6 ± 0.4; p = 0.001). The volume of irrigation used was significantly less for Diphoterine (520 ± 193 mL) than for normal saline/water (2700 ± 2451 mL; p = 0.016). At final follow-up (median = 5 days), the median CDVA remained stable at 0.10 ± 0.28 logMAR ( p = 0.60). One patient developed near-total limbal stem cell deficiency as a complication of grade-IV injury and was awaiting limbal stem cell transplantation at last follow-up. Conclusion: This study represents the first case series in the United Kingdom, reporting the use of Diphoterine in managing CEI. The rapid pH-neutralising action of Diphoterine, with less volume required, makes it an ideal initial treatment for efficiently managing adult and paediatric patients with CEI in clinics.
Multichannel impedance monitoring for distinguishing nonerosive reflux esophagitis with minor changes on endoscopy in children
Authors: Junko Fujino , Moore David , Omari Taher , Seiboth Grace , Abu-Assi Rammy , Hammond Paul , Couper Richard 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: There are reports describing the relationship between baseline impedance level and esophageal mucosal integrity at endoscopy, such as erosive and nonerosive reflux esophagitis. However, many children with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease have normal findings or minor changes on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. We aimed to examine whether modest changes at esophagogastroduodenoscopy can be evaluated and correlated with esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring. Methods: Patients (ages 0–17 years) with upper gastrointestinal symptoms who underwent combined esophagogastroduodenoscopy and multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Adelaide, Australia, between 2014 and 2016 were retrospectively studied and the following data were collected and used for analysis: demographics, multichannel intraluminal impedance data, included baseline impedance. Endoscopic findings were classified by modified Los Angeles grading, Los Angeles N as normal, Los Angeles M as with minimal change such as the erythema, pale mucosa, or friability of the mucosa following biopsy. Patients on proton pump inhibitor were excluded. Results: Seventy patients (43 boys; 61%) were enrolled with a mean age of 7.9 years (range 10 months to 17 years). Fifty-one patients (72.9%) were allocated to Los Angeles N, while Los Angeles M was evident in 19 patients (27.1%). Statistically significant differences were observed in the following parameters: frequency of acid and nonacid reflux and baseline impedance in channels 5 and 6. The median values of the data were 18.3 episodes, 16.0 episodes, 2461.0 Ω, 2446.0 Ω in Los Angeles N, 36.0 episodes, 31.0 episodes, 2033.0 Ω, 2009.0 Ω in Los Angeles M, respectively. Conclusion: Lower baseline impedance is helpful in predicting minimal endoscopic changes in the lower esophagus. A higher frequency of acid and nonacid reflux episodes was also predictive of minimal endoscopic change in the lower esophagus.
MSCFS: inferring circRNA functional similarity based on multiple data sources
Authors: Shu Liang , Zhou Cheng , Yuan Xinxu , Zhang Jingpu , Deng Lei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
More and more evidence shows that circRNA plays an important role in various biological processes and human health. Therefore, inferring the circRNA’s potential functions and obtaining circRNA functional similarity has become more and more significant. However, there is no effective approach to explore the functional similarity of circRNAs.

Methods
In this paper, we propose a new approach, called MSCFS, to calculate the functional similarity of circRNA by integrating multiple data sources. We combine circRNA-disease association, circRNA-gene-Gene Ontology association, and circRNA sequence information to explore the functional similarity of circRNA. Firstly, we employ different learning representation methods from three data sources to establish three circRNA functional similarity networks. Then we integrate the three networks to obtain the final circRNA functional similarity.

Results
We utilize circRNA–miRNA association similarity and circRNA co-expression similarity to evaluate the performance of MSCFS. The results show a positive correlation with miRNA association ($$R=0.213$$

R
=
0.213

) and circRNA co-expression similarity ($$R=0.8991$$

R
=
0.8991

). Finally, we construct a circRNA functional similarity network and perform case analysis. The result shows our method can be applied to infer new potential functions of circRNA and other associations.

Conclusions
MSCFS combines multiple data sources related to circRNA functions. Correlation analysis and case analyses prove that MSCFS is a useful method to explore circRNA functional similarity.
KLRD1, FOSL2 and LILRB3 as potential biomarkers for plaques progression in acute myocardial infarction and stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Zheng Yue , Ning Meng , Li Tong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Myocardial infarction (MI) contributes to high mortality and morbidity and can also accelerate atherosclerosis, thus inducing recurrent event due to status changing of coronary artery walls or plaques. The research aimed to investigate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which may be potential therapeutic targets for plaques progression in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and ST-elevated MI (STEMI).

Methods
Two human datasets (GSE56885 and GSE59867) were analyzed by GEO2R and enrichment analysis was applied through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. To explore the seed genes, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and seed genes, as well as top30 ranking neighbours were screened out. To validate these findings, one human dataset GSE120521 was analyzed. Linear regression analysis and ROC curve were also performed to determine which seed genes above mentioned could be independent factors for plaques progression. Mice MI model and ELISA of seed genes were applied and ROC curve was also performed for in vivo validation.

Results
169 DEGs and 573 DEGs were screened out in GSE56885 and GSE59867, respectively. Utilizing GO and KEGG analysis, these DEGs mainly enriched in immune system response and cytokines interaction. PPI network analysis was carried out and 19 seed genes were screened out. To validate these findings, GSE120521 was analyzed and three genes were demonstrated to be targets for plaques progression and stable CAD progression, including KLRD1, FOSL2 and LILRB3. KLRD1 and LILRB3 were demonstrated to be high-expressed at 1d after MI compared to SHAM group and FOSL2 expression was low-expressed at 1d and 1w. To investigate the diagnostic abilities of seed genes, ROC analysis was applied and the AUCs of KLRD1, FOSL2 and LILRB3, were 0.771, 0.938 and 0.972, respectively.

Conclusion
This study provided the screened seed genes, KLRD1, FOSL2 and LILRB3, as credible molecular biomarkers for plaques status changing in CAD progression and MI recurrence. Other seed genes, such as FOS, SOCS3 and MCL1, may also be potential targets for treatment due to their special clinical value in cardiovascular diseases.
Determinants of acquired disability and recovery from disability in Indian older adults: longitudinal influence of socio-economic and health-related factors
Authors: Paul Ronak , Srivastava Shobhit , Muhammad T. , Rashmi Rashmi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a higher burden of functional disability for Indian older adults with substantial variations across different geographic regions and socioeconomic groups as compared to other ageing Asian countries. Thus, using a national sample of older adults aged 60+ years, we aim to explore how common is acquiring of disability and recovery from disability among the older population of a developing country like India, and how do the various socioeconomic and health-related conditions impact this transition in disability status.MethodThe current study uses two waves of the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) and is based on panel data of 10,527 older adults. Both bivariate and multiple variable regression analysis were performed using two binary outcome variables in this study – whether older adults acquired disability and recovered from disability between round-I and round-II, respectively.ResultsNearly 31.5% and 4.4 % of older adults have acquired and recovered disability across the two rounds respectively. About 38.5% and 45.8 % of female older adults’ disability status changes to disable and recovered in round-II respectively. A lesser proportion of older adults have recovered from a disability who have a chronic disease in round-I. Cataract chronic conditions among older adults in round-I had shown 1.45 times (CI: 1.07–1.97) a significantly higher likelihood of acquiring disability in round-I. Older adults who were unmarried and were not working in round-I have 1.12 times (CI: 1.01–1.25) and 1.21 times (CI: 1.06–1.39) higher likelihood of acquiring disability in round-II respectively. Recovering from disability was mostly seen among older adults who belong to the richest (OR: 2.38, CI: 1.31–4.33) and medium (OR: 2.16, CI: 1.27–3.69) wealth quintile households. Older adults residing in the central region of India have 2.72 times (CI: 2.31–3.19) significantly higher chance of acquiring disability than those who were residing in northern regions.ConclusionAppropriate measures are required to highlight the importance of chronic physical diseases and several socio-demographic factors that may negatively affect the trajectory of disability in older ages.
Modified FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin as first-line chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Zou Lu , Li Xuechuan , Wu Xiangsong , Cui Jiujie , Cui Xuya , Song Xiaoling , Ren Tai , Han Xusheng , Zhu Yidi , Li Huaifeng , Wu Wenguang , Wang Xu’an , Gong Wei , Wang Liwei , Li Maolan , Lau Wan Yee , Liu Yingbin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Gemcitabine plus platinum as the first-line chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has limited efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of modified FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) compared to that of gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (Gemox) for patients with locally advanced or metastatic CCA.

Methods
From January 2016 to December 2019, consecutive patients who were diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic CCA were treated with either mFOLFIRINOX or Gemox as a first-line chemotherapy. The main endpoint was Progression free survival (PFS). The second endpoints were Overall survival (OS), Disease control rate (DCR) and incidence of severe toxicity (grade 3–4). Tumors were evaluated at baseline and thence every 4–6 weeks. The study was designed and carried out in accordance with the principles of the declaration of Helsinki, approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine (XHEC-D-2020-154) and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04305288 (registration date: 12/03/2020).

Results
Of 49 patients in this study, 27 were in the FOLFIRINOX regimen group and 22 in the Gemox regimen group. There were no significant differences between groups in baseline characteristics. The DCR was 77.8% in the mFOLFIRINOX group and 63.5% in the Gemox group. The corresponding median PFS was 9.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.3–12.4) in the mFOLFIRINOX group versus 6.4 months (95% CI,3.6–9.2, p = 0.040) in the Gemox group. The corresponding median OS was 15.7 months (95% CI, 12.5–19.0) versus 12.0 months (95% CI, 9.3–14.8, p = 0.099). Significantly more grade 3–4 vomiting occurred in the mFOLFIRINOX than the Gemox groups (7 (25.9%) vs 1 (4.5%), p = 0.044).

Conclusions
First-line mFOLFIRINOX offered more promising results in patients with advanced or metastatic CCA.
Radiomic assessment as a method for predicting tumor mutation burden (TMB) of bladder cancer patients: a feasibility study
Authors: Tang Xin , Qian Wen-lei , Yan Wei-feng , Pang Tong , Gong You-ling , Yang Zhi-gang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is an emerging prognostic biomarker of immunotherapy for bladder cancer (BLCA). We aim at investigating radiomic features’ value in predicting the TMB status of BLCA patients.

Methods
Totally, 75 patients with BLCA were enrolled. Radiomic features extracted from the volume of interest of preoperative pelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) were obtained for each case. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis was performed based on radiomic features. Sequential univariate Logistic regression, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and the backward stepwise regression were used to develop a TMB-predicting model using radiomic features.

Results
The unsupervised clustering analysis divided the total cohort into two groups, i.e., group A (32.0%) and B (68.0%). Patients in group A had a significantly larger proportion of having high TMB against those in group B (66.7% vs. 41.2%, p = 0.039), indicating the intrinsic ability of radiomic features in TMB-predicting. In univariate analysis, 27 radiomic features could predict TMB. Based on six radiomic features selected by logistic and LASSO regression, a TMB-predicting model was built and visualized by nomogram. The area under the ROC curve of the model reached 0.853. Besides, the calibration curve and the decision curve also revealed the good performance of the model.

Conclusions
Our work firstly proved the feasibility of using radiomics to predict TMB for patients with BLCA. The predictive model based on radiomic features from pelvic CECT has a promising ability to predict TMB. Future study with a larger cohort is needed to verify our findings.
Development and psychometric validity of the perioperative anxiety scale-7 (PAS-7)
Authors: Zhang Chengjiao , Liu Xitong , Hu Tianran , Zhang Fei , Pan Lingyi , Luo Yan , Wang Zhen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Preoperative anxiety is a common psychological reaction in perioperative patients. The absence of a valid measurement tool hinders the evaluation of interventions to treat preoperative anxiety in China. This study aims to develop the Perioperative Anxiety Scale-7 (PAS-7) and test its reliability, validity, and cut-off value.

Methods
A total of 280 patients over 16 years old (M = 55.1, SD = 14.3) who were undergoing elective surgery were recruited to complete the PAS-7 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7) one day before surgery.

Results
The PAS-7 included seven items divided into two dimensions: mental anxiety and somatic anxiety. These two dimensions could explain 74.294% of the population variance. The internal consistency of each dimension ranged from 0.761–0.933. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit of the scale was good (χ2= 34.798, df = 13, χ2/df = 2.677, CFI = 0.949, TLI = 0.918, SRMR = 0.057, RMSEA = 0.115). The correlations between the GAD-7 and each dimension and the scale’s total score were significant (0.711–0.789). A cut-off score of 8, maximizing the Youden Index, yielded a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 84.6% (95% CI: 0.88 ~ 0.97).

Conclusions
The PAS-7 had good reliability and validity and could be used as an effective tool to evaluate preoperative anxiety.
An Indigenous food sovereignty initiative is positively associated with well-being and cultural connectedness in a survey of Syilx Okanagan adults in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Blanchet Rosanne , Batal Malek , Johnson-Down Louise , Johnson Suzanne ,   Okanagan Nation Salmon Reintroduction Initiatives, Louie Colette , Terbasket Eliza , Terbasket Pauline , Wright Howie , Willows Noreen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
For the Syilx Okanagan Nation in Canada, salmon has vital nutritional, cultural, and spiritual significance. Yet, the Okanagan Sockeye salmon population came to near extinction, resulting in a drastic decline in salmon consumption from high historical levels. Thus, restoring and protecting salmon is crucial to Syilx well-being and way of life. A Syilx-led food sovereignty initiative re-established the Okanagan Sockeye salmon population, which has resulted in a rise in fish harvesting. The aim of this study was to assess whether engaging with this initiative was associated with health, well-being, and cultural connectedness (i.e., degree to which one is integrated in their culture) among Syilx adults. Eating Okanagan Sockeye salmon was conceptualized as a proxy for engaging with this Indigenous food sovereignty initiative.

Methods
265 Syilx adults completed a survey including a traditional food frequency questionnaire and questions on health status (e.g., BMI, self-assessed physical health), well-being (e.g., life satisfaction, stress levels), and cultural connectedness (e.g., sense of belonging, importance of cultural practices). Participants were divided into 3 groups based on their wild salmon eating during the year prior to the survey: (1) adults who ate Okanagan Sockeye salmon, (2) adults who ate salmon but did not usually know the species of the salmon they ate, or who solely ate salmon that were not Okanagan Sockeye; and (3) adults who did not eat any salmon.

Results
A statistically significant gradient was observed for enhanced well-being and cultural connectedness, with individuals in group 1 having better indicators than those in group 2, and adults in groups 1 and 2 having better indicators than adults in group 3. No differences were observed in physical health outcomes between the three groups.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that the initiative to re-establish Okanagan Sockeye salmon in the Okanagan River system may have led to better well-being and cultural connectedness among Syilx adults. This study highlights the importance of Indigenous food sovereignty as a way to enhance well-being and cultural connectedness among First Nations in Canada. Findings also reinforce the importance of assessing health and well-being in a wholistic way in Indigenous health research.