bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a collaborative zine to co-produce knowledge about location-based virtual reality experiences
Authors: Nash Richard , Yamada-Rice Dylan , Dare Eleanor , Love Steve , Main Angus , Potter John , Rodrigues Deborah 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on a designed research methodology to distil existing research findings from an esrc/ahrc funded japan/uk network on location-based virtual reality experiences for children in order to generate new knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe structured co-production methodology was undertaken in three stages. These were: (1) a collaborative workshop which produced a series of collage narratives, (2) collaborating with a non-human entity in the form of a digital coded tool to reconfigure the workshop responses and mediate the hierarchy of roles, (3) the co-production of a zine as a collaborative reflection method, which shared via postal service enabled a dialogue and exchange of round Robin interventions by the network members.FindingsThe analysis of the data collected in this study highlighted five themes that could be used by other researchers on a wide range of projects. These were: (1) knowing through making, (2) the importance of process, (3) beyond linear representations, (4) agency of physical materials and (5) agency of digital code.Research limitations/implicationsThe context of the study being undertaken during the first phase of the global pandemic, revealed insight into a method of co-production that was undertaken under emergency remote working conditions. The knowledge generated from this can be applied to other research contexts such as working with researchers or participants across global borders without the need to travel.Originality/valueThe research provides an innovative rethinking of co-production methods in order to generate new knowledge from multidisciplinary and multimodal research.
Numerical investigation of flow around a structure using Navier-slip boundary conditions
Authors: Choi Sang-Do , Eum Tae-Soo , Shin Eun Taek , Song Chang Geun 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Complicated motion of vortex is frequently observed in the wake of islands. These kinds of swirling fluid cause the trap of sediments or pollutants, subsequently inducing the dead zone, odor or poor water quality. Therefore, the understanding of flow past a circular cylinder is significant in predicting water quality and positioning the immersed structures. This study aims to investigate the flow properties around a structure using Navier-slip boundary conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
Boundary conditions are a major factor affecting the flow pattern because the magnitude of flow detachment on a surface can redistribute the tangential stress on the wall. Therefore, the authors performed an analysis of laminar flow passing through a circular structure to investigate the effect of boundary conditions on the flow pattern.

Findings
The authors examined the relationship between the partial-slip boundary conditions and the flow behavior at low Reynolds number past a circular cylinder considering velocity and vorticity distributions behind the cylinder, lift coefficient and Strouhal number. The amplitude of lift coefficient by the partial slip condition had relatively small value compared with that of no-slip condition, as the wall shear stress acting on the cylinder became smaller by the velocity along the cylinder surface. The frequency of the asymmetrical vortex formation with partial slip velocity was increased compared with no-slip case due to the intrinsic inertial effect of Navier-slip condition.

Originality/value
The ability to engineer slip could have dramatic influences on flow, as the viscous dominated motion can lead to large pressure drops and large axial dispersion. By the slip length control, no-slip, partial-slip and free-slip boundary conditions are tunable, and the velocity distributions at the wall, vortex formation and wake pattern including the amplitude of lift coefficient and frequency were significantly affected by slip length parameter.
Nurse Practitioner Scope‐of‐Practice Laws and Opioid Prescribing
Authors: MCMICHAEL BENJAMIN J. 
Published: June 2021

Policy Points
The increased use of nurse practitioners represents a viable policy option to address continuing access‐to‐care deficiencies across the United States, but state scope‐of‐practice laws limit the ability of nurse practitioners to deliver health care.
Groups in favor of restrictive scope‐of‐practice laws have argued that relaxing these laws will lead to increases in opioid prescriptions during an already severe opioid crisis, implicating patient safety concerns.
An examination of a data set of 1.5 billion opioid prescriptions demonstrates that relaxing nurse practitioner scope‐of‐practice laws generally reduces opioid prescriptions. This evidence supports eliminating restrictive scope‐of‐practice laws that currently govern nurse practitioners in many states.
ContextAs many parts of the United States continue to face physician shortages, the increased use of nurse practitioners (NPs) can improve access to care. However, state scope‐of‐practice (SOP) laws limit the ability of NPs to provide care by restricting the services they can provide and often requiring physician supervision of their practices. One important justification for the continuation of these restrictive SOP laws is preventing the overprescription of certain medications, particularly opioids.MethodsThis study examined a data set of approximately 1.5 billion individual opioid prescriptions between 2011 and 2018, which were aggregated to the individual provider‐year level. A series of difference‐in‐differences regression models was estimated to examine the association between laws allowing NPs to practice independently and opioid prescribing patterns among physicians and NPs. Opioid prescriptions were measured in total annual morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) prescribed by individual providers.FindingsAcross all NPs and physicians, independent NP practice was associated with a statistically significant decline of 6%, 2%, 3%, 7%, and 5% in total annual MMEs prescribed to commercially insured, cash‐paying, Medicare, government‐assistance, and all patients, respectively. Medicaid patients saw no statistically significant change in annual MMEs. Across all payers, NPs generally increase and physicians generally decrease the number of opioids they prescribe following a grant of NP independence. These counterbalancing changes result in an overall net decline in MMEs.ConclusionsNo evidence supports the contention that allowing NPs to practice independently increases opioid prescriptions. The results support policy changes that allow NPs to practice independently.
Exercise recommendations and referral patterns of oncology professionals
Authors: Mizrahi David , Murnane Andrew , Quinn Sharni , Crowe Jessica , Rosenbaum Simon , Adams Diana , Atkinson Morgan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundExercise physiologists and physiotherapists can provide exercise interventions for cancer survivors; however, many do not access this support. Our primary aim explored referral habits to exercise professionals and attitudes of oncology professionals. Secondary aims explored fitness levels of oncology professionals and the relationship between fitness and exercise referral habits.MethodsOncology professionals (n = 67) attending a national cancer conference in Australia participated in this cross‐sectional study (23% doctors, 11% nurses, 25% allied health, and 41% other). A subgroup (n = 49) completed a fitness assessment measuring aerobic fitness (3‐minute step test), muscle strength (handgrip dynamometry), and body composition (waist‐to‐hip ratio). Oncology professionals in a position to refer patients to exercise professionals were assessed on their history of patient referrals.ResultsSixty‐seven of 750 eligible conference delegates participated (9% recruitment rate), of which 73% completed fitness assessments. Participants displayed above average physical activity and fitness levels with 60% meeting exercise guidelines. The majority (92%) agreed that exercise is important among cancer survivors to attenuate treatment‐associated symptoms. Most understand the role of exercise physiologists (61%) and physiotherapists (64%) in cancer care. Seventy‐three percent reported that referral to exercise professionals is optimal to increase exercise participation. Most (82%) oncology professionals who are able to refer patients to exercise professionals have self‐reported doing so, while 91% recommended exercise themselves. Sixty‐two percent were aware of evidence‐based exercise guidelines. Fitness levels (p = 0.25), strength (p = 0.88), and physical activity (p = 0.33) did not impact referrals made to exercise professionals.ConclusionThere was high awareness exercise‐oncology benefits and evidence‐based guidelines existed among sampled participants. Oncology professionals understand the role of exercise professionals, reflected by high self‐reported referral rates. Implementing referral pathways to exercise professionals in cancer care may facilitate improved patient outcomes.
To biopsy or not to biopsy? Outcomes following stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for biopsy‐confirmed versus radiologically‐diagnosed primary lung cancer in a single Australian institution
Authors: Koh Tze Lui , Ong Wee Loon , Farrugia Briana , Leong Tracy , Lapuz Carminia , Lim Adeline 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionObtaining tissue diagnosis for lung cancer can sometimes be difficult and unsafe. We evaluated outcomes of biopsy‐confirmed versus radiologically‐diagnosed lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).MethodsA single‐institutional retrospective cohort of lung cancer patients treated with SBRT between February 2014 and October 2018. Outcomes of interest were: local failure (LF), distant failure (DF), and overall survival (OS). Probability of LF, DF, and OS were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Differences in outcomes between biopsy‐confirmed versus radiologically‐diagnosed lung cancer were evaluated using the log‐rank test.ResultsSixty‐five lung lesions in 61 patients were treated with SBRT. Mean age was 75.6 years. Twenty‐seven patients (44.3%) were ECOG 2–3. Thirty‐nine patients (64%) were radiologically‐diagnosed. There were five cases of LF observed at median of 12.8 months post‐SBRT and 12‐month LF‐free survival was 96% (95% CI, 86–99%), with no differences between groups (p = 0.1). Sixteen patients developed DF, with 12‐month DF‐free survival of 84% (95% CI, 71–91%), and no difference between groups (p = 0.06). Sixteen deaths were reported at a median of 12.5 months post‐SBRT, with 12‐month OS of 85% (95% CI, 73–92%), and no differences between study groups (p = 0.5). No grade 3 toxicities were reported.ConclusionThe oncological outcomes were similar in patients with early lung cancer treated with SBRT with or without biopsy‐confirmation. In situations where tissue diagnosis is not feasible or unsafe, it is not unreasonable to offer SBRT based on clinical and radiological suspicion following multidisciplinary discussions.
Acute liver failure requiring transplantation: A possible link to ulipristal acetate treatment?
Authors: Dinis‐Oliveira Ricardo Jorge , Vieira Duarte Nuno 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present case describes in detail a 55‐year‐old woman diagnosed with acute liver injury 3 days after completion of the first treatment course with ulipristal acetate (UPA), 5 mg/day orally for uterine fibroids causing persistent bleeding (treatment duration of 109 days). Liver transplantation was performed approximately 6 weeks after UPA suspension, and a photograph of the explanted liver is presented. Of note, other common causes of acute liver injury, such as history of alcohol or other psychoactive substances abuse, viral hepatitis and autoimmune hepatitis or preexisting liver disease were all excluded. This case was reported to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and contributed to the final recommendations of the Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) disclosed in January 2021. The causality assessment considered a probable case of drug‐induced liver injury as a consequence of UPA treatment, and the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) was scored as unlikely. Although further studies are needed aiming to avoid confounding factors, this case suggests that liver function tests should be monitored during treatment with UPA.
A good investment: longer‐term cost savings of sensitive parenting in childhood
Authors: Bachmann Christian J. , Beecham Jennifer , O’Connor Thomas G. , Briskman Jackie , Scott Stephen 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundGood quality parenting in early childhood is reliably associated with positive mental and physical health over the lifespan. The hypothesis that early parenting quality has significant long‐term financial benefits has not been previously tested.MethodsDesign: Longitudinal study with follow‐up from 2012 to 2016. Setting: UK multicentre study cohort (London, South‐East England). Participants: 174 young people drawn from 2 samples, one at moderate risk of poor outcomes and one at high risk, assessed aged 4–6 years then followed up in early adolescence (mean age 12.1 years). Measures: The primary outcome was total costs: health, social care, extra school support, out‐of‐home placements and family‐born expenditure, determined through semistructured economic interviews. Early parenting quality was independently assessed through direct observation of parent–child interaction.ResultsCosts were lower for youths exposed to more sensitive parenting (most sensitive quartile mean £1,619, least sensitive quartile mean £21,763; p < .001). Costs were spread across personal family expenditure and education, health, social and justice services. The cost difference remained significant after controlling for several potential confounders. These included demographic variables (family poverty, parental education); exposure to child abuse; and child/young person variables including level of antisocial behaviour in both childhood and adolescence, IQ and attachment security.ConclusionsThis study is the first showing that more sensitive early parental care predicts lower costs to society many years later, independent of poverty, child and youth antisocial behaviour levels and IQ. Savings are likely to increase as individuals grow older since early parenting quality predicts health, behavioural and occupational outcomes in adulthood. The findings provide novel evidence for the public health impact of early caregiving quality and likely financial benefits of improving it.
Germ cell–specific expression of Venus by Tol2‐mediated transgenesis in endangered endemic cyprinid Honmoroko (Gnathopogon caerulescens)
Authors: Higaki Shogo , Nishie Tomomi , Todo Takaaki , Teshima Reiko , Kusumi Kenichiro , Mitsumori Risa , Tooyama Ikuo , Fujioka Yasuhiro , Kawasaki Toshihiro , Sakai Noriyoshi , Takada Tatsuyuki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFishes expressing a fluorescent protein in germ cells are useful to perform germ cell transfer experiments for conservation study. Nonetheless, no such fish has been generated in endangered endemic fishes. In this study, we tried to produce a fish expressing Venus fluorescent protein in germ cells using Honmoroko (Gnathopogon caerulescens), which is one of the threatened small cyprinid endemic to the ancient Lake Biwa in Japan. To achieve germ cell‐specific expression of Venus, we used piwil1 (formally known as ziwi) promoter and Tol2 transposon system. Following the co‐injection of the piwil1‐Venus expression vector and the Tol2 transposase mRNA into fertilized eggs, presumptive transgenic fish were reared. At 7 months of post‐fertilization, about 19% (10/52) of the examined larvae showed Venus fluorescence in their gonad specifically. Immunohistological staining and in vitro spermatogenesis using gonads of the juvenile founder fish revealed that Venus expression was detected in spermatogonia and spermatocyte in male, and oogonia and stage I and II oocytes in female. These results indicate that the Tol2 transposon and zebrafish piwil1 promoter enabled gene transfer and germ cell‐specific expression of Venus in G. caerulescens. In addition, in vitro culture of juvenile spermatogonia enables the rapid validation of temporal expression of transgene during spermatogenesis.
Pressure–temperature–time evolution of subducted crust revealed by complex garnet zoning (Theodul Glacier Unit, Switzerland)
Authors: Bovay Thomas , Lanari Pierre , Rubatto Daniela , Smit Matthijs , Piccoli Francesca 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCollisional orogens commonly include mono‐metamorphic and poly‐metamorphic units, and their different evolution can be difficult to recognize and reconcile. The Theodul Glacier Unit (TGU) in the Western Alps consists of an association of metasedimentary and metamafic rocks embedded within the Zermatt‐Saas tectonic unit. In spite of recent petrological studies, it remains unclear whether these rocks underwent one or multiple metamorphic cycles. In this study, different lithologies from the TGU unit (mafic schist, mafic granofels, and chloritoid schist) were investigated for petrography, quantitative compositional mapping of garnet, thermodynamic modelling, and Lu–Hf garnet dating. The data reveal a coherent mono‐metamorphic history with a β‐shaped pressure–temperature (P–T) path characteristic of oceanic subduction. Garnet Lu–Hf ages yield a restricted garnet crystallization time window between 50.3 and 48.8 Ma (±0.5%, 2SD). A prograde metamorphic stage recorded in garnet cores yields conditions of 490 ± 15℃ and 1.75 ± 0.05 GPa. Maximum pressure conditions of 2.65 ± 0.10 GPa and 580 ± 15℃ were reached at 50.3 ± 0.3 Ma. Initial exhumation was rapid and led to isothermal decompression to 1.50 ± 0.10 GPa within 1 Ma. This decompression was associated with lawsonite breakdown in mafic schist and in mafic granofels, causing intense fluid–rock interaction within and between different lithologies. This process is recorded in garnet textures and trace element patterns, and in the major element composition of K‐white mica. Initial exhumation was followed by re‐heating of ~30℃ at a pressure of 1.50 ± 0.10 GPa. Perturbation of the subduction‐zone thermal structure may be related to upwelling of hot asthenospheric mantle material and transient storage of the unit at the crust–mantle boundary.
Passive drag in Para swimmers with physical impairments: Implications for evidence‐based classification in Para swimming
Authors: Hogarth Luke , Oh Yim‐Taek , Osborough Casey , Osborough Conor , Formosa Danielle , Hunter Adam , Alcock Alison , Burkett Brendan , Payton Carl 
Published: June 2021

The inherent hydrodynamic resistance force, or passive drag, of a swimmer directly influences how they move through the water. For swimmers with physical impairments, the strength of association between passive drag and swimming performance is unknown. Knowledge on this factor could improve the World Para Swimming classification process. This study established the relationship between passive drag and 100 m freestyle race performance in Para swimmers with physical impairments. Using a cross‐sectional study design, an electrical‐mechanical towing device was used to measure passive drag force in 132 international‐level Para swimmers. There was a strong, negative correlation between normalized passive drag force and 100 m freestyle race speed in the combined participant cohort (ρ = −0.77, p < 0.001). Type of physical impairment was found to affect the relationship between passive drag and 100 m freestyle race speed when included in linear regression (R2 = 0.65, χ2 = 11.5, p = 0.025). These findings contribute to the body of evidence that passive drag can provide an objective assessment of activity limitation in Para swimmers with physical impairments. The effect of physical impairment type on the relationship between passive drag and swimming performance should be accounted for in Para swimming classification.
Characterization of the Functional Properties of Polycaprolactone Bone Scaffolds Fabricated Using Pneumatic Micro-Extrusion
Authors: Yu Mohan , Yeow Ye Jien , Lawrence Logan , Claudio Pier Paolo , Day James B. , Salary Roozbeh (Ross) 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pneumatic micro-extrusion (PME) is a direct-write additive manufacturing process, which has emerged as a robust, high-resolution method for the fabrication of a broad spectrum of biological tissues and organs. PME allows for noncontact multimaterial deposition of functional inks for tissue engineering applications. In spite of the advantages and engendered potential applications, the PME process is inherently complex, governed not only by complex physical phenomena but also by material–process interactions. Consequently, investigation of the influence of PME process parameters as well as the underlying physical phenomena behind material transport and deposition in PME would be inevitably a need. The overarching goal of this research work is to fabricate biocompatible, porous bone tissue scaffolds for the treatment of osseous fractures, defects, and diseases. In pursuit of this goal, the objectives of the work are: (i) to investigate the influence of seven consequential scaffold design factors and PME process parameters on the mechanical properties of fabricated bone tissue scaffolds and (ii) to explore the underlying dynamics behind material transport in the PME process, using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. To investigate the effects of the design and process parameters, a series of experiments were designed and conducted. Layer height was identified as the most significant factor in this study. An increase in the layer height led to less overlap between subsequent layers, which allowed for more shrinkage and ultimately a reduction in scaffold diameter. In addition, print speed appeared as an influential factor in this study. An increase in the print speed resulted in a decline in linear mass density and thus in the extent of fusion between subsequent deposited layers. Besides, it was observed that there was a strong correlation between deposition mass and compression modulus. Overall, the results of this study pave the way for future investigation of PME-deposited polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with optimal functional and medical properties for incorporation of stem cells toward the treatment of osseous fractures and defects.
U.S. Older Adults’ Participation in Balance Activities
Authors: Hyde Eric T. , Omura John D. , Chen Tiffany J. , Brown David R. , Fulton Janet E. , Carlson Susan A. 
Published: June 2021

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, second edition recommends that older adults do multicomponent physical activity, which includes balance training in addition to aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities. The authors estimated the prevalence of U.S. older adults (age ≥65 years) who do balance activities and meet the aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity guidelines. The authors analyzed data on 1,012 respondents to the 2019 FallStyles survey, a nationwide web-based panel survey. Approximately four in 10 respondents (40.7%) reported doing balance activities on ≥1 day/week, 34.0% on ≥2 days/week, and 25.3% on ≥3 days/week. Prevalence differed by sex, education level, income level, census region, body mass index category, and meeting the aerobic and/or muscle-strengthening guidelines. The combined prevalence of participation in balance activities and meeting aerobic and muscle-strengthening guidelines ranged from 12.0% for ≥3 days/week to 15.8% for ≥1 day/week. Opportunities exist to introduce and increase participation in balance and multicomponent activities by older adults.