bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of reach counts on medical social media: Evidence from a facebook community page metrics
Authors: Nishioka Daisuke , Tsuboya Toru 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSharing medical information using social media became popular. We aimed to identify what sort of posts can increase reach counts. We used metrics data of 40 posts on the Japan Primary Care Association Commission on Social Determinants of Health (JPCA‐CSDH) Facebook community page. The most popular post was the one about the position paper on health inequality (Mie‐statement). The video posts significantly earned 175% more reach counts (vs posts only with letters). Each one percent word counts increase was associated with a 31% increase in reach counts. Videos and more words may deliver medical information effectively.
Weaning children from prolonged enteral nutrition: A survey of practice on behalf of the French Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
Authors: Dipasquale Valeria , Lecoeur Katia , Aumar Madeleine , Guimber Dominique , Coopman Stéphanie , Nicolas Audrey , Lecoufle Audrey , Van Malleghem Audrey , Turck Dominique , Ley Delphine , Gottrand Frédéric 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundNo consensus currently exists on tube‐weaning practice worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe tube‐weaning practice (indications and modalities) of a panel of pediatric gastroenterologists involved in the management of prolonged enteral nutrition (EN).MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of pediatric gastroenterologists involved in the management of children receiving prolonged (>3 months) EN who were likely to be weaned was conducted. A questionnaire containing 24 questions was disseminated to the French Speaking Group of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition members. The association between weaning practice and the experience of respondents was investigated.ResultsIn total, 311 professionals were approached, and 64 questionnaires were completed (response rate 21%). Nearly all respondents (n = 61, 95%) reported using individualized weaning programs. Weaning attempts were performed more frequently at home, and follow‐up was performed in the outpatient clinic (97%) by progressive EN volume reduction (83%). Inpatient weaning was performed by only 28% of participants. The choice of the setting was predominantly (59%) based on parental request. Management and follow‐up involved mainly the referring pediatric gastroenterologist and the dietitian. Fifty‐one (80%) of the respondents experienced ≥1 weaning failure.ConclusionsThis is one of only a few studies examining real‐life pediatric tube‐weaning practices. Considerable practice variation between centers was observed; some of the common practices included the setting of weaning (outpatient vs inpatient) and the eligibility criteria. Increasing knowledge about weaning modalities is the starting point for the design of consensual standardized programs.
Lung Ultrasound Findings in Patients Hospitalized With COVID‐19
Authors: Kumar Andre , Weng Yingjie , Duanmu Youyou , Graglia Sally , Lalani Farhan , Gandhi Kavita , Lobo Viveta , Jensen Trevor , Chung Sukyung , Nahn Jeffrey , Kugler John 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesLung ultrasound (LUS) can accurately diagnose several pulmonary diseases, including pneumothorax, effusion, and pneumonia. LUS may be useful in the diagnosis and management of COVID‐19.MethodsThis study was conducted at two United States hospitals from 3/21/2020 to 6/01/2020. Our inclusion criteria included hospitalized adults with COVID‐19 (based on symptomatology and a confirmatory RT‐PCR for SARS‐CoV‐2) who received a LUS. Providers used a 12‐zone LUS scanning protocol. The images were interpreted by the researchers based on a pre‐developed consensus document. Patients were stratified by clinical deterioration (defined as either ICU admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death within 28 days from the initial symptom onset) and time from symptom onset to their scan.ResultsN = 22 patients (N = 36 scans) were included. Eleven (50%) patients experienced clinical deterioration. Among N = 36 scans, only 3 (8%) were classified as normal. The remaining scans demonstrated B‐lines (89%), consolidations (56%), pleural thickening (47%), and pleural effusion (11%). Scans from patients with clinical deterioration demonstrated higher percentages of bilateral consolidations (50 versus 15%; P = .033), anterior consolidations (47 versus 11%; P = .047), lateral consolidations (71 versus 29%; P = .030), pleural thickening (69 versus 30%; P = .045), but not B‐lines (100 versus 80%; P = .11). Abnormal findings had similar prevalences between scans collected 0–6 days and 14–28 days from symptom onset.DiscussionCertain LUS findings may be common in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients, especially for those that experience clinical deterioration. These findings may occur anytime throughout the first 28 days of illness. Future efforts should investigate the predictive utility of these findings on clinical outcomes.
Highly porous tissue scaffolds based on cyclic acetals with tunable hydrophilicity and degradation behavior
Authors: Wang Kemin , Kang Liangfa , Lu Yuhui , Zhu Qifan , Jiang Shan , Yin Ruixue 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBiodegradable cyclic acetal‐based porous scaffolds without acidic by‐products upon hydrolytic degradation are very promising in tissue engineering. However, most cyclic acetal based crosslinked polymer networks mainly utilized (meth) acrylates as reactive moieties for crosslinking. Development of cyclic acetal based crosslinked polymer networks without (meth) acrylate terminal groups and fabrication of cyclic acetal based high‐porous scaffolds are still challenging. In this study, a novel cyclic acetal monomer with carbonic acid allyl ester terminal groups was synthesized and a series of high‐porous scaffolds with tunable swelling ability and degradation rate were fabricated by thiol‐ene photopolymerization combined with low‐temperature phase‐separation method. The obtained scaffolds exhibited high porosity of 78%–89%. The average pore size and porosity of porous scaffolds increased with the increase of solvent content during scaffold fabrication. The introduction of PEG chains into scaffolds had a slight influence on the pore size, but can significantly enhance the swelling ability and hydrolytic degradation rate of resulted scaffolds. MTT assay and cell adhesion experiments indicated that the scaffolds are non‐toxic toward L929 cells and had good in vitro biocompatibility. The proposed cyclic acetal based high porous scaffolds with tunable hydrophilicity and degradation behavior have great potential in tissue engineering application.
Isolation and Physico‐chemical Characterization of Triticum Decocum Starch
Authors: Mosisa Balisa , Belete Anteneh , Gebre‐Mariam Tsige 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEthiopian oat (Triticum decocum) starch has been isolated and examined for its chemical composition and physicochemical properties. The proximate composition of the starch on a dry weight basis is found to be 0.23% ash, 0.26% protein, 1.54% fat, and 56.31% starch. The total amylose content is 28.4% with 20.11% apparent amylose and 29.19% lipid complexed amylose. SEM showed oval, spherical shaped granules. The particle size distributions of the starch showed monomodal normal particle size distribution with the average volumetric particle diameters being about 23.03 µm, and specific surface area 0.7186 m2 g−1. XRD showed a pattern that is typical of A‐type with a distinctive maximum peak at around 17° 2θ. At all relative humidities, its water sorption properties resemble that of maize starch. It has unique swelling power and solubility in water at different temperatures. Viscosity curves of 10% of starch paste showed a peak viscosity of 1926cP. Its cold paste viscosity and hot paste viscosity are 4236 and 1720 cP, respectively. The breakdown and set back viscosities of Ethiopian oat starch are 206 and 2647cP, respectively. The FTIR showed the characteristic features of prominent starch peaks. Physicochemical characteristics of the oat starch have shown that it has similar properties with maize starch which could make it fit for use in food and pharmaceutical industries, especially in the area where oat is produced as endogenous crop like in Ethiopia.
Physicochemical Characterization of Unripe and Ripe Chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) Fruit Flours and Starches
Authors: Torres‐Vargas Olga Lucia , Luzardo‐Ocampo Ivan , Hernandez‐Becerra Ezequiel , Rodríguez‐García Mario E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe functional applications of chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) flour and starches depend on its ripeness state. However, there are no reports of the physicochemical properties of chontaduro flours and starches nor their associated fatty acid profile. This research aimed to study the physicochemical properties of ripe/unripe chontaduro flours, isolated starches, and fats. Compared to unripe flour, ripe flour exhibited higher (p<0.05) protein (16.79%) but lower lipid content (‐25.72%). Minerals such as K, S, Ca, P, and Mg were the most abundant in the flours (0.025–0.030 g 100 g−1). Ripeness did not impact the morphology of the starch granules and its orthorhombic crystalline structure, but the cooking process partially damaged this structure, characteristic of A‐type starches. Ripe flour showed higher viscosity than unripe flour, while defatted flour did not exhibit increased peak viscosity due to fatty acid loss. There are no changes in the infrared spectra of the oil from unripe/ripe flour, but stearic, oleic, and palmitic acids were identified. The results suggested that chontaduro flour is an important source of minerals (mainly K, S, Ca, P, Mg, and Na), unsaturated fatty acids, and low‐viscosity starch, making it a suitable nutritious ingredient to supplement existing food line under functional terms.
Das Lagemanagement des Robert Koch-Instituts während der COVID-19-Pandemie und der Austausch zwischen Bund und Ländern
Authors:   RKI-Lagezentrums-Gruppe, Halm Ariane , Grote Ulrike , an der Heiden Maria , Hamouda Osamah , Schaade Lars , Rexroth Ute 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) spielt in Deutschland eine zentrale Rolle bei der Bewältigung von Gesundheitsgefahren biologischen Ursprungs. Das Krisenmanagement des RKI hat das Ziel, dazu beizutragen, die Gesundheit der Menschen in Deutschland in epidemisch bedeutsamen Lagen zu schützen und die Arbeitsfähigkeit des RKI auch bei hoher Belastung über längere Zeit aufrechtzuerhalten. In diesem Artikel wird das Krisenmanagement des RKI generell und speziell während der COVID-19-Pandemie zum Stand 31.10.2020 dargestellt. Es werden die generischen RKI-Krisenmanagementstrukturen und der Aufbau des RKI-Lagezentrums, deren Operationalisierung im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie sowie die aufgetretenen Herausforderungen beschrieben. Ebenso wird der Bund-Länder-Austausch während der bisherigen Pandemie dargestellt.Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat außergewöhnliche Umstände mit sich gebracht. Eine gute Kommunikation und Koordination während der Lage sind essenziell, sowohl RKI-intern als auch mit anderen Bundes- oder Länderbehörden und der Fachöffentlichkeit. Unter hohem Druck erstellt das RKI Empfehlungen, Stellungnahmen und Bewertungen zu verschiedenen Themen und aktualisiert diese regelmäßig. Für die operative Unterstützung aller Aktivitäten wurde am RKI ein Lagezentrum aktiviert. Während der COVID-19-Pandemie gibt es verschiedene sowohl personelle als auch strukturelle Herausforderungen. Es zeigte sich, dass eine gute Vorbereitung (z. B. bereits vorhandene Positionsbeschreibungen und Räumlichkeiten) das Krisenmanagement positiv beeinflusst.
Structural integrity of shot peened Ti6Al4V specimens under fretting fatigue
Authors: Vantadori Sabrina , Vázquez Valeo Jesús , Zanichelli Andrea , Carpinteri Andrea , Luciano Raimondo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present paper, an experimental campaign performed on shot peened Ti6Al4V specimens under fretting fatigue, available in the literature, is simulated by using the Carpinteri et al. criterion. The experiments examined were carried out using a standard configuration, that is, a cylinder against a flat specimen. The fretting loading is a combination of low-cycle fatigue and high-cycle fatigue, and the corresponding stress field is determined by a FE analysis. A theoretical law is applied to describe the relaxed residual stress produced by shot peening treatment and fatigue loading.
Simple CVD growth of P-doped graphitic hallow carbon spheres for high-voltage (2.0 V) aqueous symmetric supercapacitor
Authors: Govindarasu Karthikeyan Gunasekaran , Ganesan Boopathi , Venkatesan Ramani , Arumugam Pandurangan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDoping of heteroatom into well-structured mesoporous carbon architecture can significantly augment the capacitive performance. In this work, we report P-doped graphitic hollow carbon spheres (P-GHCS) grown over Fe-KIT-6 through the in situ approach using the catalytic CVD technique. The obtained P-GHCS possesses a relatively high surface area with uniform mesoporous structure, good graphitization with tunable P-doping contents. The highly favorable structure and desirable heteroatom doping were taken into account to evaluate the P-GHCS as a modified electrode material towards high-performance supercapacitor. The optimized P-GHCS-800 sample exhibits superior specific capacitance (Csp) 321 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 with outstanding cycling stability with 2.9% loss of its initial capacitance after 2000 cycles in 6 M KOH electrolyte background in the three-electrode computerized system. More importantly, the fabricated P-GHCS-800 symmetric supercapacitor device can withstand at a wide potential width of 2.0 V, together with remarkable cyclic stability (89.09%) after 2000 cycles at a current density of 1 A g−1 in aqueous 1 M Na2SO4 as electrolyte providing a relatively high energy density of 10.83 Wh kg−1 with a power density of 222.78 W kg−1. Additionally, we demonstrated the single symmetric supercapacitor cell which provided sufficient energy to turn on a red LED of 20 mW and emit light over a certain period of time opens up possible realistic applications.
Teacher Nominations of Preschool Children at Risk for Mental Health Problems: how False Is a False Positive Nomination and What Make Teachers Concerned?
Authors: Stensen Kenneth , Lydersen Stian , Stenseng Frode , Wallander Jan Lance , Drugli May Britt 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIdentification attempts in populations with a low prevalence of problems usually result in a considerable number of false positives. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the false positive rate following nomination of developmental concerns by preschool teachers and the reasons for which teachers raise developmental concerns about children who display non-clinical levels of mental health problems.A total of 1430 children aged 1 to 6 years in Norwegian childcare centers were classified as true positive, false positive, true negative, or false negative by comparing preschool teachers’ nomination with their ratings on the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form, resulting in 127 (9%) false positives and 1142 (80%) true negatives.Compared to the true negative group, the false positive group received significantly higher scores on internalizing problems, externalizing problems than true negatives, conflict and significantly lower scores on closeness. Children’s internalizing and externalizing problems and age were the main factors that increased the likelihood of teachers raising concerns, while increased closeness in the teacher-child relationship reduced the likelihood of being nominated. Children’s gender and conflict level were not significant when adjusting for other factors.These findings suggest that preschool teachers’ concerns about children’s development should not be discarded as the false positive group did show elevated levels of problem behavior and poorer teacher-child relationship compared to the true negative group. Scrutinizing concerns in collaboration with parents and other mental health professionals may be beneficial to ensure healthy development for children with elevated problem levels.
Flooding dynamics of diffusive dispersion in a random potential
Authors: Wilkinson Michael , Pradas Marc , Kling Gerhard 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe discuss the combined effects of overdamped motion in a quenched random potential and diffusion, in one dimension, in the limit where the diffusion coefficient is small. Our analysis considers the statistics of the mean first-passage time T(x) to reach position x, arising from different realisations of the random potential. Specifically, we contrast the median $${\bar{T}}(x)$$

T

¯

(
x
)

, which is an informative description of the typical course of the motion, with the expectation value $$\langle T(x)\rangle $$

⟨
T
(
x
)
⟩

, which is dominated by rare events where there is an exceptionally high barrier to diffusion. We show that at relatively short times the median $${\bar{T}}(x)$$

T

¯

(
x
)

is explained by a ‘flooding’ model, where T(x) is predominantly determined by the highest barriers which are encountered before reaching position x. These highest barriers are quantified using methods of extreme value statistics.
In-queue priority purchase: a dynamic game approach
Authors: Wang Zhongbin , Yang Luyi , Cui Shiliang , Wang Jinting 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPay-for-priority is a common practice in congestion-prone service systems. The extant literature on this topic restricts attention to the case where the only epoch for customers to purchase priority is upon arrival, and if customers choose not to upgrade when they arrive, they cannot do so later during their wait. A natural alternative is to let customers pay and upgrade to priority at any time during their stay in the queue, even if they choose not to do so initially. This paper builds a queueing-game-theoretic model that explicitly captures self-interested customers’ dynamic in-queue priority-purchasing behavior. When all customers (who have not upgraded yet) simultaneously decide whether to upgrade, we find in our model that pure-strategy equilibria do not exist under some intuitive criteria, contrasting the findings in classical models where customers can only purchase priority upon arrival. However, when customers sequentially decide whether to upgrade, threshold-type pure-strategy equilibria may exist. In particular, under sufficiently light traffic, if the number of ordinary customers accumulates to a certain threshold, then it is always the second last customer who upgrades, but in general, it could be a customer from another position, and the queue-length threshold that triggers an upgrade can also vary with the traffic intensity. Finally, we find that in-queue priority purchase subject to the sequential rule yields less revenue than upon-arrival priority purchase in systems with small buffers.
High-bandwidth nanopositioning via active control of system resonance
Authors: Li Linlin , Aphale Sumeet S. , Zhu Limin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTypically, the achievable positioning bandwidth for piezo-actuated nanopositioners is severely limited by the first, lightly-damped resonance. To overcome this issue, a variety of open- and closed-loop control techniques that commonly combine damping and tracking actions, have been reported in literature. However, in almost all these cases, the achievable closed-loop bandwidth is still limited by the original open-loop resonant frequency of the respective positioning axis. Shifting this resonance to a higher frequency would undoubtedly result in a wider bandwidth. However, such a shift typically entails a major mechanical redesign of the nanopositioner. The integral resonant control (IRC) has been reported earlier to demonstrate the significant performance enhancement, robustness to parameter uncertainty, guaranteed stability and design flexibility it affords. To further exploit the IRC scheme’s capabilities, this paper presents a method of actively shifting the resonant frequency of a nanopositioner’s axis, thereby delivering a wider closed-loop positioning bandwidth when controlled with the IRC scheme. The IRC damping control is augmented with a standard integral tracking controller to improve positioning accuracy. And both damping and tracking control parameters are analytically optimized to result in a Butterworth Filter mimicking pole-placement—maximally flat passband response. Experiments are conducted on a nanopositioner’s axis with an open-loop resonance at 508 Hz. It is shown that by employing the active resonance shifting, the closed-loop positioning bandwidth is increased from 73 to 576 Hz. Consequently, the root-mean-square tracking errors for a 100 Hz triangular trajectory are reduced by 93%.
On the nature of intermittency in a turbulent von Kármán flow
Authors: Faller H. , Geneste D. , Chaabo T. , Cheminet A. , Valori V. , Ostovan Y. , Cappanera L. , Cuvier Ch. , Daviaud F. , Foucaut J.-M. , Guermond J.-L. , Laval J.-Ph. , Nore C. , Padilla V. , Wiertel C. , Dubrulle B. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Transcripts and protein levels of CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes in dairy cattle mammary gland secretory tissue during chronic staphylococcal infection
Authors: Kawecka-Grochocka Ewelina , Zalewska Magdalena , Kapusta Aleksandra , Ząbek Tomasz , Rzewuska Magdalena , Petrykowski Sławomir , Bagnicka Emilia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOur objective was to determine the influence of chronic coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) or coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) infection on the mRNA and protein levels of two main milk proteins responsible for cheese curd quantity and quality, alpha-S1-casein (CSN1S1) and kappa-casein (CSN3). Measurements were made in cow mammary parenchyma with a prevalence of secretory tissue (MGST). Samples of MGST were collected from the separate quarters and divided into CoPS, CoNS and bacteria-free (H) groups according to the microbiological status of the quarter milk. No differences in CSN1S1 and CSN3 mRNA level were found between groups, however, CSN1S1 protein level was significantly higher in the H group than the CoNS group, and CSN3 protein level was significantly higher in H than CoPS group. Hence, while the CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes appear to be constitutively expressed at the mRNA level in dairy cow MGST during mastitis, CoNS infection negatively affected CSN1S1 protein level, and CoPS infection negatively affected CSN3 protein level. The lack of change at the mRNA level suggests that staphylococcal infection may affect the post-transcriptional or post-translational modifications.
The Australian Energy Transition as a Federalism Challenge: (Un)cooperative Energy Federalism?
Authors: Kallies Anne 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe law and regulation of the energy sector in Australia is subject to overlapping responsibilities of both federal and state governments. Crucially for energy transition efforts, neither energy, environment nor climate is mentioned in the Australian Constitution. Australia has a tradition of creative cooperative federalism solutions for responding to problems of national importance. In the energy sector this has resulted in an intricate national framework for energy markets, which relies on mirror legislation passed by participating states, with oversight by state and federal executive governments. Independently of these frameworks, both federal and state governments have passed climate change legislation, which crucially includes renewable energy support mechanisms. At a time when a rapid transition to a decarbonized energy system is essential, legal frameworks struggle to respond in a timely fashion. The political discourse around energy has become increasingly toxic – reflecting a dysfunctional state–federal relationship in energy and climate law. Australia needs to consider whether its cooperative federalism solutions are sufficient to support the energy transition and how climate law at the state and federal levels interacts with energy market legal frameworks.