bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Pembrolizumab Versus Chemotherapy as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Esophageal Cancer on Health-Related Quality of Life in KEYNOTE-181
Authors: Adenis Antoine , Kulkarni Amit S. , Girotto Gustavo C. , de la Fouchardiere Christelle , Senellart Helene , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Mansoor Wasat , Al-Rajabi Raed , Norquist Josephine , Amonkar Mayur , Suryawanshi Shailaja , Bhagia Pooja , Metges Jean-Philippe 
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE In the phase III KEYNOTE-181 study ( NCT02564263 ) of patients with advanced esophageal cancer (EC), pembrolizumab monotherapy prolonged overall survival versus chemotherapy as second-line therapy in patients with programmed death ligand 1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 10. We present the results of the prespecified health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) analyses of the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), CPS ≥ 10, and CPS ≥ 10 SCC populations. PATIENTS AND METHODS HRQoL was measured using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30), EORTC QLQ EC questionnaire (OES18), and EuroQol 5-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D). Data were analyzed in patients who received ≥ 1 dose of study treatment and completed ≥ 1 HRQoL assessment. Key analyses included baseline to week 9 least squares mean change in global health status/quality of life, functional or symptom subscales, and time to deterioration (≥ 10-point deterioration) for specific subscales. RESULTS The HRQoL population included 387 patients with SCC. Compliance and completion rates for all three questionnaires were similar in both treatment groups at baseline and week 9. No clinically meaningful differences in global health status/quality of life scores were observed between treatment groups from baseline to week 9 (least squares mean difference, 2.80; 95% CI, –1.48 to 7.08); patients in both treatment groups generally exhibited stable functioning and symptom scores of the QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OES18 from baseline to week 9. Time to deterioration for pain (hazard ratio [HR], 1.22; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.89), reflux (HR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.33 to 4.25), and dysphagia (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.31) subscales were similar between treatment groups. These findings were generally similar in the CPS ≥ 10 (n = 218) and CPS ≥ 10 SCC (n = 166) subgroups. CONCLUSION In patients with advanced EC, pembrolizumab monotherapy and chemotherapy maintained HRQoL in patients with SCC, CPS ≥ 10, and CPS ≥ 10 SCC.
Therapeutic Actionability of Circulating Cell-Free DNA Alterations in Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
Authors: Kato Shumei , Weipert Caroline , Gumas Sophia , Okamura Ryosuke , Lee Suzanna , Sicklick Jason K. , Saam Jennifer , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: November 2021

PURPOSECancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastatic disease with unidentifiable primary tumor. Somatic alterations can be assessed noninvasively via liquid biopsies interrogating cell-free DNA (cfDNA).METHODSWe evaluated 1,931 patients with CUP with a cfDNA next-generation sequencing panel (73-74 genes).RESULTSOverall, 1,739 patients (90%) had ≥ 1 cfDNA alteration. We then explored alteration actionability (per the levels of evidence from the OncoKB database); 825 patients (47.4% of 1,739) had level 1, level 2, or resistance/R1 alterations. Among 40 clinically annotated patients with CUP who had cfDNA evaluated, higher degrees of matching treatment to alterations (Matching Score > 50% v ≤ 50%) was the only variable predicting improved outcome: longer median progression-free survival (10.4 v 2.5 months; P = .002), overall survival (13.4 v 5.7 months; P = .07, trend), and higher clinical benefit rate (stable disease ≥ 6 months/partial response/complete response; 83% v 25%; P = .003).CONCLUSIONIn summary, cfDNA frequently reveals strong level-of-evidence actionable alterations in CUP, and high degrees of matching to therapy correlates with better outcomes.
Becoming Without
Authors: Reis-Castro Luísa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Aedes aegypti mosquito, known as the vector for Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses, has historically been targeted by public health campaigns as an enemy to be eliminated. However, new strategies, such as the transgenic approach, biologically modify the A. aegypti so that they can be deployed to control their own population—here, mosquito breeding and mating is operationalized as an insecticide. In this case, the insect must be simultaneously a friend and an enemy, cared for and killed, and it must establish encounters and nonencounters. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork at a “biofactory” in the northeast of Brazil dedicated to mass-producing these transgenic mosquitoes, this article investigates the new forms of labor and value produced through these contrasting human-mosquito relations. The author also examines how the project is implemented within broader geopolitics of experimentation and more-than-human gendered conceptions. Analyzing the multispecies relationships engendered under the premise that it is possible to produce nonencounters, she identifies the historical conditions and promissory claims of transforming the A. aegypti ’s reproductive capacity into labor for killing. Such recasting yields what the author calls the “nonencounter value” within the scientific remaking of mosquitoes, their becoming and being.
Identification of a new allele of O-fucosyltransferase 1 involved in Drosophila intestinal stem cell regulation
Authors: Shi Lin , Kong Ruiyan , Li Zhengran , Zhao Hang , Ma Rui , Bai Guang , Li Jing , Li Zhouhua 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Adult stem cells are critical for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. However, how the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are regulated remains not fully understood. Here, we find a mutant, stum 9-3, affecting the proliferation and differentiation of Drosophila adult ISCs in a forward genetic screen for factors regulating the proliferation and differentiation ISCs. stum 9-3 acts through the conserved Notch signaling pathway, upstream of the S2 cleavage of the Notch receptor. Interestingly, the phenotype of stum 9-3 mutant is not caused by disruption of stumble (stum), where the p-element is inserted. Detailed mapping, rescue experiments and mutant characterization show that stum 9-3 is a new allele of O-fucosyltransferase 1 (O-fut1). Our results indicate that unexpected mutants with interesting phenotype could be recovered in forward genetic screens using known p-element insertion stocks.
The effects of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts as probiotics on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune responses of broiler: A meta-analysis
Authors: Sjofjan Osfar , Adli Danung Nur , Harahap Rakhmad Perkasa , Jayanegara Anuraga , Utama Dicky Tri , Seruni Ainun Pizar 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The number of publications in Scopus on this topic increased from less than 50 in 1995 to more than 250 in 2015. In other hand, inconsistency in results about the correlation between yeast and lactic acid bacteria as probiotics has been evident since the early publications on use in broilers. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to determine relationship between lactic acid bacteria and yeast as probiotics to broiler diets on the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler. A database was designed based on published data that reported the use of probiotics on the broiler. The method used for selecting articles was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Articles selected were taken from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science direct databases as well as individual. Results: The final database consists of 49 in vivo articles, 93 studies, and 225 treatments. The analysis statement in the system was a PROC MIXED procedure of SAS software. The level of probiotic increased (p <0.001) body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake of broiler. There was a reduction (p <0.01) on feed conversion ratio and mortality on the level probiotic given to broiler. Supplementation of probiotics in broiler diet increased (p <0.001) the weight of liver, spleen, gizzard, bursa of fabricius and carcass yield, while reduced (p<0.001) abdominal fat weight. The probiotic given increased the total of red and white blood cells (both at p < 0.001) but did not affect lymphocyte. Discussion: It can be concluded the yeast act as supporting agent that serves lactic acid bacteria as probiotic increases the growth performance, relative organ weight, blood parameters, and immune response of the broiler.
Correlation between CD44+ cancer stem cell expression and histopathological types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yusuf Muhtarum , Indra Indriyadevi , Juniati Sri Herawati , Afriani Dewi Yussy 
Published: November 2021

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) recurrency rate is still high despite patients receiving complete treatment. The response to treatment may vary depending on the type of histopathology and Epstein-Barr virus, however the mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies have found that there is a relationship between response to treatment and the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CD44+ cancer stem cells may cause cancer cells to be resistant to treatment. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to determine the correlation between CD44 + cancer stem cell expression and the histopathological types of NPC. Method: Samples were obtained from NPC biopsies of type I, II, III patients (based on WHO histopathology criteria), who had not received prior treatment. CD44+ expression was examined using immunohistochemistry methods by staining CD44+ monoclonal antibodies. The degree of CD44+ cell membrane expression was based on the immunoreactive score scale or the Remmele index scale. Results: Most histopathological types were WHO type III (21 patients, 50%), followed by type II (18 patients, 42.86%), and type I (3 patients, 7.14%). CD44 + expression on type I showed one patient had moderate positive and two patients had a high-positive expression. In type II, 10 were moderate positive and eight were high-positive. In type III, one patient was low-positive, 11 were moderate positive and nine patients were high-positive. Statistical analysis showed that the CD44+ expression difference between the three histopathology types were not statistically significant. Conclusion: There were no correlations between CD44 + expression and histopathological type of NPC.
Case Report: Asymptomatic COVID-19 patient with a subtle hypercoagulable state and fluctuating D-dimer level
Authors: Caesario Jefferson , Hertanto Decsa M. , Hernugrahanto Kukuh D. , Utomo Dwikora N. , Budhiparama Nicolaas C. , Santoso Djoko , Hogendoorn Pancras C.W. 
Published: November 2021

Background: COVID-19 can infect an asymptomatic person silently without any overt symptoms despite diffuse blood clots throughout the body. Clot formation is induced by COVID-19 associated coagulopathy that can cause a high mortality rate. D-dimer, a fairly decisive marker for the coagulopathy event, is physiologically a marker of the fibrinolysis process. The increase of D-dimers in COVID-19 cases must be followed up because it relates to the initiation of a cytokine storm. Case presentation: We report an asymptomatic patient with sudden D-dimer elevation who received anticoagulant therapy. After three days of heparin administration, D-dimer results became normal and anticoagulant therapy was stopped. However, on the 12th day, the D-dimer level rebounded back and was followed by an increase of hs-C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IL-6, although SARS-CoV-2 PCR result became negative. A hyperglycaemic reaction and a sudden increase of HbA1C was observed in the patient. After three weeks D-dimer had returned to normal levels, and so did the other markers. The patient recovered fully and still no symptoms were obvious. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients without symptoms may be at risk of an asymptomatic coagulopathy process. The decreasing level of D-dimer erroneously cannot ensure that the coagulopathy process stops.
Too Popular, Too Fast: Optimal Advertising and Entry Timing in Markets with Peer Influence
Authors: Fruchter Gila E. , Prasad Ashutosh , Van den Bulte Christophe 
Published: November 2021

We study optimal advertising and entry timing decisions for a new product being sold in two-segment markets in which followers are positively influenced by elites, whereas elites are either unaffected or repulsed by product popularity among followers. Key decisions in such markets are not only how much to advertise in each segment over time but also when to enter the follower segment. We develop a continuous-time optimal control model to examine these issues. Analysis yields two sets of two-point boundary value problems where one set has an unknown boundary value condition that satisfies an algebraic equation. A fast solution methodology is proposed. Two main insights emerge. First, the optimal advertising strategy can be U-shaped, that is, decreasing at first to free-ride peer influence but increasing later on to thwart the repulsion influence of overpopularity causing disadoption. Second, in markets where cross-segment repulsion triggers disadoption, advertising is only moderately effective, and entry costs are high, managing both advertising and entry timing can result in significantly higher profits than managing only one of these levers. In markets without disadoption, with high advertising effectiveness or with low entry costs, in contrast, delaying entry may add little value if one already manages advertising optimally. This implies that purveyors of prestige or cool products need not deny followers access to their products in order to protect their profits, and can use advertising to speed up the democratization of consumption profitably.This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
L'aula invertida i l'aprenentatge en equip: dues metodologies per estimular l'alumnat repetidor
Authors: Abío Gemma , Alcañiz Manuela , Gómez-Puig Marta , Rubert Glòria , Serrano Mònica , Stoyanova Alexandrina , Vilalta-Bufí Montserrat 
Published: November 2021

Aquest article proposa l'ús de l'aula invertida i l'aprenentatge en equip per millorar les actituds d'aprenentatge de l'alumnat en els Grups d'Intensificació d'Estudis (GIE) a la Universitat de Barcelona. El GIE està dissenyat per a aquell alumnat que repeteix una assignatura en algun dels graus impartits a la Facultat d'Economia i Empresa de la Universitat de Barcelona. Hem implementat dues metodologies en tres GIE impartits per la secció de Teoria Econòmica del Departament d'Economia de la Universitat de Barcelona. Els resultats obtinguts en els anys acadèmics 2013-2014 i 2014-15 revelen millores significatives en el rendiment dels estudiants que van seguir aquestes metodologies.
Design of a compact off-axis four-mirror objective system for a thermal camera
Authors: Alvarado-Martínez J. J. , Granados-Agustín F. S. , Vázquez y Montiel S. , Vázquez-Villa A. , Cornejo-Rodríguez A. A. 
Published: November 2021

The optical design of a compact off-axis four-mirror objective system (OFOS) of a thermal camera for a syndromic surveillance system that captures bioclinical signals, like temperature, directly related to the physical symptoms of the COVID-19 disease through thermal images is presented. The OFOS design works on wavelengths of 7.5–14 µm, with an

f

-number of 4, and a field of view (FOV) of

24

×

4

deg.
Terahertz-field-induced optical luminescence from graphene for imaging and near-field visualization of a terahertz field
Authors: Bodrov Sergey , Murzanev Aleksey , Korytin Aleksey , Stepanov Andrey 
Published: November 2021

Graphene-based terahertz (THz)-field-induced optical luminescence (GB-TFIOL) is proposed in this Letter as a novel, to the best of our knowledge, THz imaging technique. We experimentally show that two-dimensional distribution of the optical luminescence from a monolayer graphene traces the beam profile of the pump THz radiation. The atomic thickness of a graphene detector, as well as a strong nonlinear dependence of optical luminescence on THz field, make the GB-TFIOL technique a useful tool for near-field mapping. A proof-of-principle experiment of the visualization of local THz-field enhancement near a metal tip with a 2 µm radius curvature was performed.
Multipoint dispersion spectroscopic gas sensing by optical FMCW interferometry
Authors: Lou Xiutao , Wang Yue , Dong Yongkang 
Published: November 2021

We present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, multipoint gas-sensing method based on dispersion spectroscopy using optical frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) techniques. By taking advantage of the optical FMCW’s excellent multiplexing capability with high spatial resolution, the phase noise in the retrieved dispersion signal is efficiently suppressed. As a proof of concept, this method is experimentally demonstrated with three acetylene gas-sensing nodes, achieving a sensitivity of 30 ppm, a sensing spatial resolution of 30 cm, and a linear dynamic range of more than 3 orders of magnitude. Having advantages of high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, large dynamic range, and immunity to light power variation, the proposed method promotes a novel way for the development of long-distance multipoint spectroscopic gas sensors.
Seizure control status and associated factors among pediatric epileptic patients at a neurologic outpatient clinic in Ethiopia
Authors: Adal Habtamu Digis , Alemu Kassahun , Muche Esileman Abdela 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundChildhood epilepsy is a major public health problem worldwide. Even though anti-seizure medications (ASM) have been demonstrated to control seizures, children with epilepsy continue to have frequent seizures. There is a scarcity of data on seizure control status among pediatric epileptic patients in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess seizure control status and associated factors among pediatric epileptic patients.MethodsA hospital based cross-sectional study was done on 261 pediatric epileptic patients being followed up at the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from May 11 to August 11, 2019. The data were collected through caregiver interviews and patients’ medical records. All independent variables with p value of ≤ 0.2 in univariate analysis were taken to multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was computed to see the predictors of seizure control status. Level of statistical significance was declared ifp-value < 0.05.ResultFrom a total of 261 patients, 159 (60.9%) were males and had a mean age was 10.16 ± 4.62 years. More than half (57.1%) of participants were urban dwellers. Almost all (98.5%) were diagnosed with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Majority (75.1%) of the patients were on mono-therapy. Forty-six (17.6%) of the patients reported adverse effects related to ASMs. Two hundred-three (77.8%) of the patients were adherent to their medications. Nearly half (49.0%) of the patients had controlled seizures. Urban residency (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.15–3.89; P = 0.016), adherence to medication (AOR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.84–8.36; P < 0.001), use of combined ASM(AOR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.14–0.59; P = 0. 001), durations of ASM use [2–5 years (AOR: 5.81; 95% CI: 2.89–11.70; P <0.001) and >5years (AOR: 4.80; 95% CI: 1.91–12.09; P = 0.001)]were significantly associated with seizure control status.ConclusionInadequate numbers of pediatric epileptic patients’ at the Ethiopian neurologic clinic achieved seizure control. Coming from a rural area, non-adherence to ASMs, use of multiple ASMs, and the use of ASMs for <2years were found to have a significant association with poorer seizure control, needing special attention to get control of seizure. Caregivers should closely monitor and address any barriers that contribute to ASM non-adherence and adverse drug events.
Measurement of gender as a social determinant of health in epidemiology—A scoping review
Authors: Miani Céline , Wandschneider Lisa , Niemann Jana , Batram-Zantvoort Stephanie , Razum Oliver 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe relevance of gender as a social determinant of health and its role in the production of health inequalities is now broadly acknowledged. However, the plethora of existing approaches to capture gender, which often stem from disciplines outside of epidemiology, makes it difficult to assess their practicality and relevance for a given research purpose. We conducted a scoping review to 1) map the evidence of how gender can be operationalised in quantitative epidemiology and 2) design a tool to critically evaluate the measures identified.MethodsWe identified peer-reviewed articles in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO). Eligible sources described the quantitative operationalisation of the social dimension of gender. With the help of a newly developed checklist, we assessed their relevance from an analytical perspective (e.g. intersectionality) and their potential for implementation in epidemiology.ResultsGender measures principally assessed gender roles and norms, gender-based discrimination and violence, and structural gender (in)equality. Of the 344 measures included in this review, the majority lacked theoretical foundation, and tended to reinforce the binary understanding of gender through stereotypes of femininity and masculinity. Only few measures allowed for an intersectional approach and a multilevel understanding of gender mechanisms. From a practical point of view, gender measures demonstrated potential for use in varied populations and contexts.ConclusionsA range of gender measures are readily available for epidemiological research, addressing different levels and dimensions of gender as a social construct. With our theory-informed, practice-driven scoping review, we highlighted strengths and limitations of such measures and provided analytical tools for researchers interested in conducting intersectional, gender-sensitive analyses.
Le catholicisme, l’écologie et la mobilisation socio-politique en ligne au Vietnam autour de la catastrophe environnementale « Formosa »
Authors: Anh Ngoc Hoang Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Cette étude propose une analyse communicationnelle du processus de mise en visibilité digitale d’un militantisme catholique vietnamien suite à la catastrophe écologique « Formosa » qui a eu lieu au Centre du Vietnam en avril 2016. Elle s’appuie sur une approche agonistique honnethienne de la reconnaissance sociale et, par conséquent, sur les travaux d’Olivier Voirol portant sur les luttes pour la visibilité. Ainsi, elle montre que cette mise en visibilité a puisé sa force dans l’articulation d’une triple ressource : la religion catholique vietnamienne (doctrine et organisation ecclésiale), un régime axiologique contemporain autour de la question écologique, et une opérativité performante des médias numériques. Contribuant à l’émergence d’un activisme citoyen et d’une société civile dans un Vietnam contemporain sous régime communiste autoritaire, ce militantisme écologique digital des acteurs catholiques vietnamiens permet d’approfondir la « remédiation » conçue comme une quête de « remède », via le medium numérique, aux préoccupations écologiques et, plus largement, aux problèmes socio-politiques de ce pays vietnamien où cette religion catholique est entre « le ciel et la terre ».