bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Squaramide Catalysts in the Aldol Reaction En Route to Funapide
Authors: Sonsona Isaac G. , Vicenzi Andrea , Guidotti Marco , Bisag Giorgiana Denisa , Fochi Mariafrancesca , Herrera Raquel P. , Bernardi Luca 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFunapide is a 3,3’‐spirocyclic oxindole with promising analgesic activity. A reported pilot‐plant scale synthesis of this chiral compound involves an asymmetric aldol reaction, catalyzed by a common bifunctional thiourea structure. In this work, we show that the swapping of the thiourea unit of the catalyst for a tailored squaramide group provides an equally active, but rewardingly more selective, catalyst for this aldol reaction (from 70.5 to 85 % ee). The reaction was studied first on a model oxindole compound. Then, the set of optimal conditions was applied to the target funapide intermediate. The applicability of these conditions seems limited to oxindoles bearing the 3‐substituent of funapide. Exemplifying the characteristics of target‐focused methodological development, this study highlights how a wide‐range screening of catalysts and reaction conditions can provide non‐negligible improvements in an industrially viable asymmetric transformation.
A virtual reality system for pain and anxiety management during outpatient hysteroscopy—A randomized control trial
Authors: Fouks Yuval , Kern Guy , Cohen Aviad , Reicher Lee , Shapira Ziv , Many Ariel , Yogev Yariv , Rattan Gilad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundVisual and acoustic virtual reality (VR) has been increasingly explored as a non‐pharmacological tool for pain relief in clinical settings.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR as a distraction technique in the management of acute pain during operative hysteroscopy in the outpatient setting.MethodsA prospective, open‐label, randomized control trial in a tertiary university‐affiliated medical centre between April and August 2020. Overall, 82 women were randomly allocated to undergo operative hysteroscopy either with the use of VR (n = 44, study group) or with standard treatment (control group, n = 38). VR was applied throughout the procedure and no anaesthesia was given. The primary outcome measures included self‐reported intraoperative pain. Other objectives included vital parameters as pulse rate (PR) and respiratory rate (RR) before and during the first 3 min of the procedure. Pain and anxiety outcomes were measured as numeric rating scores.ResultsThe baseline parameters were similar between groups. The mean duration for the procedure was 8.1 ± 3.2 vs. 7.3 ± 6.0 min for the study and the control groups (p = 0.23). There were no statistically significant differences between the reported pain scores during the procedure [median (interquartile range) 5.0 (3.0–7.2) vs. 5.0 (3.0–8.0), respectively; p = 0.67]. While neither intraoperative heart rate nor respiratory rate differed between groups [14.0 (13.0–16.0) vs. 14.0 (11.0–16.5); p = 0.77)], the increase of heart rate was found greater in the VR group [+7.0 (8.5) vs. +1.0 (12.2); p = 0.01].ConclusionVR was not effective in reducing pain during an outpatient operative hysteroscopy.SignificanceThe use of a Virtual reality system was found ineffective in reducing pain during and after an office operative hysteroscopy without anaesthesia, in a thorough examination of both continuous physiological parameters and women's self‐reported measures.
The perspective of enhanced geothermal energy integration with concentrated solar power and thermal energy storage
Authors: Boretti Alberto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA renewable energy‐only grid must couple mutable energy supplies such as wind and solar photovoltaic and affordable energy storage by lithium‐ion batteries to dispatchable energy supply such as Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) with thermal energy storage (TES) and Enhanced Geothermal Energy (EGS). EGS is centered on the exploitation of the substantial unconventional geothermal energy supplies in the crust of the Earth which is missing permeability and groundwater, with significant opportunities in western Saudi Arabia where the solar resource is also relevant. Regarding conventional geothermal energy, thermal efficiencies of the cycles can be increased to above 30% with EGS, and above 40% through the integration of EGS with CSP and TES, surpassing the 50% efficiency mark adopting advanced ultra‐supercritical (AUSC) technologies.
Nanoscale electrodeposition: Dimension control and 3D conformality
Authors: Lee Sol A , Yang Jin Wook , Choi Sungkyun , Jang Ho Won 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElectrodeposition with a long history has been considered one of the important synthesis techniques for applying various applications. It is a feasible route for fabricating nanostructures using diverse materials due to its simplicity, cost‐effectiveness, flexibility, and ease of reaction control. Herein, we mainly focus on the nanoscale electrodeposition with respect to dimension control and three‐dimensional (3D) conformality. The principles of electrodeposition, dimensional design of materials, and uniform coatings on various substrates are presented. We introduce that manipulating synthesis parameters such as precursors, applied current/voltage, and additives affect the synthesis reaction, resulting in not only dimensional control of materials from three‐dimensional structures to zero‐dimensional atomic‐level but also conformal coatings on complicated substrates. Various cases regarding morphology control of metal (hydro)oxides, metals, and metal–organic frameworks according to electrodeposition conditions are summarized. Lastly, recent studies of applications such as batteries, photoelectrodes, and electrocatalysts using electrodeposited materials are summarized. This review represents significant advances in the nanoscale design of materials through methodological approaches, which are highly attractive from both academic and commercial aspects.
Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) fusion‐positive high‐grade spindle cell sarcoma: A distinct group of soft tissue tumors with metastatic potential
Authors: Dermawan Josephine K. , Zou Youran , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNeuregulin 1 (NRG1) is an epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐like ligand that activates receptor tyrosine kinases of the ErbB family of receptors. NRG1 gene fusions, which are rare (<1%) but recurrent events in solid tumors, are an emerging oncogenic driver that is potentially actionable using ErbB‐targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Largely characterized only in carcinomas, we describe three cases of NRG1‐rearranged sarcomas. The patients were all female, aged 32–47 years old. Two cases were deep‐seated tumors in the lower extremities (right thigh and calf); one case presented as a uterine mass. The tumors measured 9–11.5 cm in the greatest dimensions. Histologically, all three tumors were high‐grade spindle cell sarcomas composed of monomorphic spindle cells arranged in interlacing fascicles. The tumor cells were set in the loose collagenous stroma with branching, curvilinear thin‐walled vasculature in the background. Cytologically, the neoplastic cells displayed ovoid to fusiform nuclei with finely stippled chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli, scant to moderate clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm, occasional cytoplasmic vacuoles, and elongated cytoplasmic processes. Mitotic activity was elevated (> 20/10 high power fields) and tumor necrosis was present. None of the tumors expressed lineage‐specific immunophenotypical markers. Targeted RNA‐sequencing uncovered gene fusions involving NRG1 and the 5′ untranslated regions of PPHLN1, HMBOX1, or MTUS1. In all cases, the C‐terminal EGF‐like domain of NRG1 was preserved in the predicted chimeric protein product. All three patients developed metastatic disease within 2 years from initial presentation and were alive with disease at last follow‐up (mean follow‐up period = 19 months). In conclusion, we present the first case series of NRG1‐rearranged sarcomas characterized by high‐grade fascicular spindle cell morphology, non‐specific immunoprofile, and aggressive clinical behavior. Further studies are needed to determine whether this distinct subgroup of spindle cell sarcomas are amenable to targeted therapies.
Meta-analysis of SEA's effectiveness evaluation criteria: A comparison between the Chinese and international contexts
Authors: Yang Yang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
By considering environmental factors in the earliest stage of decision-making, strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is seen as an important preventive measure to realize sustainable development. Despite a great expansion of SEA effectiveness research in the past 10 years, no study statistically reviews how frequently the evaluation criteria are adopted. The present meta-analysis considers 68 academic papers published from 2009 to 2019, with 41 articles relating to the international context and 27 relating to China. After ascertaining the number of times each criterion is mentioned, the adoption frequency is calculated and a comparison is made between the Chinese and international contexts. The result reveals that the criteria adopted in studies evaluating China's SEA largely accord with those used to evaluate international SEA. Both focus on procedural and contextual effectiveness. The distribution of substantive and normative effectiveness evaluation criteria is very similar. However, the significant differences lie in the criteria of assessment methods and communication, which are all of the drawbacks influencing SEA implementation in China. In addition, the problems of China's SEA pointed out by past scholars are statistically analyzed. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:997–1006. © 2021 SETAC
KEY POINTS
The criteria adopted in China's SEA studies are largely accordant with international cases. Procedural and contextual effectiveness attract the most attention both in China and international contexts. The distribution of substantive and normative effectiveness evaluation criteria is very similar. The significant differences lie in the criteria of assessment methods and communication.
Enhancing interfacial adhesion and mechanical performance ofPBOfibers composites through mussel‐inspired molecular regulation of interphase structure
Authors: Song Bo , Liu Zhide , Chen Lei , Ma Lichun , Huang Yudong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPoor interfacial properties are always one of the bottleneck problems limiting the development of the PBO fiber/epoxy composites. To solve this, we demonstrated a mussel‐inspired molecular regulation strategy of interphase structure using the layer‐by‐layer construction of rigid (PDA) and flexible (PEI) molecules without fiber structure damage. The precise control on the molecular scale can maximally increase the roughness and polar functional group on the fiber surface, thus enhance the chemical bonding and the mechanical interlocking of the interfacial adhesion. In comparison with the untreated fiber, the IFSS and ILSS value of fiber with (PDA/PEI)n have an increment of 86.85% and 80.08%, respectively. Besides, the overall mechanical performance, such as impact strength and dynamic thermal‐mechanical behavior, was also improved significantly, owing to the improved physical‐mechanical attributes of the interphase. In brief, our study presents a non‐destructive interface regulation of PBO fiber composite to enhance its interfacial adhesion and mechanical performance and optimize its structure/function integrated design.
Neuroticism, cancer mortality salience, and physician avoidance in cancer survivors: Proximity of treatment matters
Authors: Boyd Patrick , Murray Ashley B. , Hyams Travis , Sleight Alix G. , Moser Richard P. , Arndt Jamie , Czajkowski Susan M. , Hall Kara 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine if the relationship between neuroticism and physician avoidance/physician visit concerns are mediated by perceptions that cancer is associated with death (“cancer mortality salience”; CMS) for cancer survivors to inform public health interventions and tailored health communications.MethodsCancer survivors comprised 42.3% of the total sample (n = 525). Participants completed a 4‐item neuroticism scale, 4‐item cancer perceptions scale, and 4‐item physician avoidance and concerns scale. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess relationships among variables for cancer survivors and separately for those without a history of cancer.ResultsNeuroticism was positively associated with CMS for cancer survivors, b = 0.26, (p < 0.001), and those without cancer, b = 0.22, (p < 0.001). There was an association between neuroticism and physician avoidance among cancer survivors with temporally distant treatment courses after controlling for CMS, b = 0.56 (p = 0.006), but not for those currently or recently having had undergone treatment (p = 0.949). There was also an indirect relationship between neuroticism and physician visit concerns that was mediated by CMS for cancer survivors, b = 0.07, CI = [0.03, 0.13], but this relationship was again driven by cancer survivors with more distal treatment courses.ConclusionsHigh neuroticism in cancer survivors is associated with physician avoidance and physician visit concerns when treatment is temporally distant. Interventions aimed at decoupling the association between cancer and death can help increase the willingness of cancer survivors to attain cancer care follow‐ups and healthcare more generally.
Thermal Decomposition of Photocurable Energetic APNIMMO Polymer
Authors: Yang Weitao , Hu Rui , Li Manman , Xu Minghui , Yang Zhiwei , Meng Lingjie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhotocurable energetic polymer contains energetic groups (explosophores) and provides fast curable property for 3D printed propellants. Acrylate‐terminated poly‐3‐nitratomethyl‐3‐methyloxetane (APNIMMO) was prepared for the stereolithography (SLA) printing. This work outlines the thermal decomposition process of APNIMMO. The thermal behaviour and decomposition kinetics were investigated by means of the non‐isothermal DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) techniques. The Arrhenius parameters were studied by different isoconversional Kissinger method. Additionally, simultaneous TG‐DSC‐FTIR‐MS were employed to corroborate the thermal analysis results. The obtained results from the different techniques are presented and discussed.
Command filtered event‐triggered adaptive control for MIMO stochastic multiple time‐delay systems
Authors: Zhu Zhechen , Liang Hongjing , Liu Yang , Xue Hong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this article, the command filter based adaptive event‐triggered control problem for multiple‐input and multiple‐output multiple time‐delay stochastic nonlinear systems is considered. First, a state observer is constructed to estimate the unmeasured states of systems. Then, in the framework of backstepping design, the command filtered and event‐triggered techniques are employed to avoid the problem of “explosion of complexity” and save the communication resources, respectively. Meanwhile, by utilizing the command filters, a novel variable separation method is constructed to address the algebraic‐loop problem, which caused by the nonstrict‐feedback item. The boundedness of the whole signals in systems can be remained, and the given desired trajectories can be followed by the system outputs. Finally, a numerical example is shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
A generalization of Faudree–Lehel conjecture holds almost surely for random graphs
Authors: Przybyło Jakub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe irregularity strength of a simple graph , denoted is a certain measure of the level of irregularity of a graph. It indicates how hard it is to make an irregular multigraph of G via multiplication of its selected edges. It is however more commonly set forth through k‐weightings, that is, mappings , assigning every vertex the weighted degree . In this setting, is precisely defined as the least k admitting a k‐weighting of G which attributes pairwise distinct weighted degrees to all vertices of G. It is known that in the case of d‐regular graphs with order n and . An open conjecture of Faudree and Lehel from the 1980s states that in turn for some finite constant c independent of d. It is believed that the natural strengthening of this conjecture toward all graphs where d is substituted by the minimum degree should also hold. We confirm this supposition in the case of random graphs. Namely, we show that asymptotically almost surely the generalization of Faudree‐Lehel Conjecture holds for a random graph for any constant p, that is, that takes one of the three values: , , or . This is implied by the fact that a.a.s. , and hence .
A systems perspective on systemic innovation
Authors: Midgley Gerald , Lindhult Erik 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe term ‘systemic innovation’ is increasing in use, but there is no consensus on its meaning: five understandings of the term can be identified, each based on a different view of what the word ‘systemic’ should refer to. The first understanding focuses on technologies, where the innovation in focus is synergistically integrated with other complementary innovations, going beyond the boundaries of a single organization. Therefore, ‘systemic’ refers to technological innovations interacting in a larger product system. A second use of the term refers to the development of policies and governance at a local, regional or national scale to create an enabling environment for innovation systems. Here, ‘systemic’ means recognition that innovation systems can be enabled and/or constrained by a meta‐level policy system. The third use of the term says that an innovation is ‘systemic’ when its purpose is to change societal laws and norms to place new enablers and constraints on innovation in the interests of ecological sustainability. What makes this systemic is acknowledgement of the existence of nested systems: innovation systems are parts of economic systems, which are parts of societal systems, and all societies exist on a single planetary ecosystem. The fourth use focuses on collaboration in innovation networks with multiple actors. This has evolved from the first understanding of systemic innovation, but the critical difference is the primary focus onpeople and processesrather than technological products. The word ‘systemic’ refers to the interdependency of actors in a business or community context, leading to a need to cocreate value and innovate in concert or through coevolutionary dynamics. The fifth use of the term ‘systemic innovation’ concerns how peopleengage in a process to support systemic thinking and action, and it is primarily this process, and the thinking and action it gives rise to, that is seen as systemic, rather than the innovation system that they exist within or are trying to create. It is this fifth understanding that accords with most of the literature on systems thinking published over the last 50 years. The current paper offers a contemporary perspective on what systems thinkers mean by ‘systemic’, and this not only enables us to provide a redefinition of ‘systemic innovation’, but it also helps to show how all four previous forms of innovation that have been described as systemic can be enhanced by the practice of systems thinking.
Wilson loop correlators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 superconformal quivers
Authors: Galvagno Francesco , Preti Michelangelo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We complete the program of [1] about perturbative approaches for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal quiver theories in four dimensions. We consider several classes of observables in presence of Wilson loops, and we evaluate them with the help of supersymmetric localization. We compute Wilson loop vacuum expectation values, correlators of multiple coincident Wilson loops and one-point functions of chiral operators in presence of them acting as superconformal defects. We extend this analysis to the most general case considering chiral operators and multiple Wilson loops scattered in all the possible ways among the vector multiplets of the quiver. Finally, we identify twisted and untwisted observables which probe the orbifold of AdS5 × S5 with the aim of testing possible holographic perspectives of quiver theories in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2.
Holographic and QFT complexity with angular momentum
Authors: Bernamonti Alice , Bigazzi Francesco , Billo Davide , Faggi Lapo , Galli Federico 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We study the influence of angular momentum on quantum complexity for CFT states holographically dual to rotating black holes. Using the holographic complexity=action (CA) and complexity=volume (CV) proposals, we study the full time dependence of complexity and the complexity of formation for two dimensional states dual to rotating BTZ. The obtained results and their dependence on angular momentum turn out to be analogous to those of charged states dual to Reissner-Nordström AdS black holes. For CA, our computation carefully accounts for the counterterm in the gravity action, which was not included in previous analysis in the literature. This affects the complexity early time dependence and its effect becomes negligible close to extremality. In the grand canonical ensemble, the CA and CV complexity of formation are linear in the temperature, and diverge with the same structure in the speed of light angular velocity limit. For CA the inclusion of the counterterm is crucial for both effects. We also address the problem of studying holographic complexity for higher dimensional rotating black holes, focusing on the four dimensional Kerr-AdS case. Carefully taking into account all ingredients, we show that the late time limit of the CA growth rate saturates the expected bound, and find the CV complexity of formation of large black holes diverges in the critical angular velocity limit. Our holographic analysis is complemented by the study of circuit complexity in a two dimensional free scalar model for a thermofield double (TFD) state with angular momentum. We show how this can be given a description in terms of non-rotating TFD states introducing mode-by-mode effective temperatures and times. We comment on the similarities and differences of the holographic and QFT complexity results.