bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of water quality in the catfish (Clarias sp.) farming in Tuban Regency
Authors: Caesar N R , Yanuhar U , Raharjo D K W P , Junirahma N S 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFish need a decent environment for their life and livelihood. Types of fish that have different respiratory organs such as catfish can survive in extreme water conditions. However, in order to grow and develop naturally in a cultured environment, they need optimum water quality. This study aimed was to determine the quality of water in catfish aquaculture ponds in three partner locations for Community Service activities in Tuban Regency, East Java. The method used in this research is descriptive, with 3 points of location for water sampling, namely, in Jenggolo Village (A), Tegalagung Village (B), and Campurejo Village (C), Tuban Regency. The results of the study showed that the highest temperature in the pond in Campurejo Village was 30.2 ºC. The highest pH in the pond in Tegalagung Village is 7.59. The highest dissolved oxygen in the pond in Jenggolo Village was 13.4 mg L-1. The highest nitrate level was in the pond in Tegalagung Village, namely, 25 mg L-1. The highest phosphate content in the pond in Tegalagung Village. Furthermore, the highestTotal Ammonia Nitrogen(TAN) levels are in the pond in Tegalagung Village, which is 16.6 mg L-1. Based on the results, the water quality parameters were classified as great. However, some parameters are less than optimal at different locations. Water quality management needs to be developed to optimize the growth of catfish.
Does gender equality in salt community business decision exist?
Authors: Kurniawan T , Arthatiani F Y , Luhur E S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The salt business is not only conducted by the salt aquaculture. Salt aquaculture requires their families to help them producing salt. It is still not visible that there is gender equality in this business. However, there is no gender equality in the salt aquaculture business in Pati Regency in this research hypothesis. Thus, the question arises whether all salt aquaculture always make with their family or are carried out by the salt aquaculture themselves? This paper aimed to analyze the role of gender equality in decision making in households, both in domestic and public activities. This study conducted in 2012 with data updating in 2018 analyzed in 2020—the data took using questions guideline at Pati Regency. This research’s primary funding was the investment decision made together in this district’s family together. Training or socialization was still only given to the head of the family. It would be better if the wife also gave financial training.
Egg diameter of female silver rasbora (Rasbora argyrotaenia) at different gonadal maturity stage
Authors: Salmatin N , Mubarak A S , Budi D S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As a new aquaculture species, silver rasbora (Rasbora argyrotaenia) has a high demand for consumption and ornamental fish in Indonesia and its surroundings. The aim of this study was to measured egg diameter in female silver rasbora at different maturity stages. This study was conducted in February 2020 at instrument laboratory Universitas Airlangga, Banyuwangi Campus, Indonesia. A total of 16 females of silver rasbora with a weight of 1.73±0.08 g and length of 5.39±0.13 cm was obtained aquaculture installation of Universitas Airlangga, Banyuwangi Campus, Indonesia. Based on the result, the egg diameters were observed in II, III, and IV maturity stage in the amount of 17.96 ± 1.88 µm, 47.15 ± 10.07 µm, and 83.02 ± 4.40 µm. This information will reach our knowing of the maturation cycle of silver rasbora and also improve artificial techniques of culturing fish for commercial purposes and conservation stocking.
Preliminary study of nitrogenous fixation bacteria exploration under palm tree vegetation on peatland ecosystem
Authors: Lubis S S , Andriyono S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The peat ecosystem area has the potential for bacteria that have the potential to act as nitrogen fixers. These bacteria can be applied in various human activities. In fishery activities, nitrogen is an essential component for plankton growth as a live feed. Besides, the ideal N and P components will affect the abundance of plankton in the waters. In this study, the Isolation of candidate bacteria from the peat ecosystem area under palm tree vegetation was carried out in Trumon District, South Aceh. Different depths in the sample soil are an essential parameter, namely the depths of 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, 30-50 cm. The isolation method was carried out with a scatter plate using Jensen media and obtained 25 isolates which were bio fertilizer candidates. Biodiversity analysis was also carried out to test the three soil depths of the isolated source. A depth of 15 cm shows an isolate diversity pattern that is almost the same as a sample depth of 30 cm.
Biofloc formation without occurrence of cultured organisms (P. vannamei post-larvae) to sustain high density of biofloc concentration - A preliminary study
Authors: Harun A A C , Ikhwanuddin M , Kasan N A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Carbon-nitrogen ratio, micro-fauna abundance, water flow rate, water quality parameters were several factors studied by researchers. Unfortunately, main nutrient source and occurrence of organisms were as critically important to be investigated for biofloc formation. In this study, biofloc was formed without the occurrence of organisms (P. vannamei post-larvae) with the additional of an economical nutrient source and inoculum to speed-up and increase the concentration of biofloc formation. The triplicate experimental set-up was prepared under two condition - Treatment A (30% protein pellet feed and molasses) and Treatment B (30% protein pellet feed, molasses, wheat flour, urea, superphosphate and clay) where P. vannamei post-larvae was used as control of each treatment. Water quality parameters, biofloc volume and P. vannamei post-larvae survival rate were observed within 30 days. There was no significant difference (P < 0.05) between the water quality parameters, however, biofloc volume showed a significant difference with and without the occurrence of P. vannamei. Treatment B shows a progressive result where biofloc volume was indicated up to 90.0±4.58 mL/L at day 30. Formation of biofloc without the addition of P. vannamei post-larvae was successful within 5 days with the addition of inoculum and can be used as a starter stock in forming biofloc.
Recommendations for fisheries management in FMAs number 711 and it’s relationship with regional fisheries programs in Batam City, Riau Islands Province
Authors: Wijaya R A , Muliawan I , Hafsaridewi R , Suryawati S H , Pramoda R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ecosystem approach for Fisheries Management (EAFM) has been initiated by the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) since 2010. In 2014, there is a recommendation for fisheries management based on EAFM in the Fisheries Management Areas (FMAs) number 711. The relationship between recommendations and fisheries management programs in the regions is the focus of this study. This study aims to examine the relationship between fisheries management programs in Batam City and fisheries management recommendations in FMAs number 711. The research was conducted through a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with key informants from the Riau Islands Province Marine and Fisheries Department, Batam City and Tanjung Pinang Fisheries Department, MMAF representatif from fish quarantine quality control and safety of fishery products agency (BKIPM) and directorate general of supervision of marine and fishery resources (PSDKP). The data analysis was conducted in a descriptive qualitative. The study show that the fishing domain has a strong relationship between government programs and recommendations for improving capture fisheries management. Meanwhile, the domain of fish resources, habitat and ecosystem domain, social domain, economic domains and institutional domain show a weak relationship. Recommendations for improved management based on the ecosystem approach that have been formulated have not become the basis for developing fisheries management programs by regional management agencie.
Life History and Length Based-Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) of Exploited Demersal Fish Stock (Upeneus sp) in Sunda Strait.
Authors: Yonvitner  , Kurnia R , Boer M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Length Based-Spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) is the most popular technique in worldwide that use for data-poor fisheries management. Based on this situation, LB-SPR tries to apply in demersal fish is Kuniran (Upeneus sp) in small scale fisheries search in Sunda Strait to learn about the sustainability potency both of maturity and recruitment potency from spawning potency ratio. Length data was collected by team research from 2014 to 2019 (except 2017, there is no sampling activity), which from Bogor University. Research result show that asymptotic length (L∞)is 302,10 mm, natural mortality (M) 0,49, Bartalanffy growth (k) 1,03. The length at 50% maturity size (Lm50) is 134,80 mm, length at 95% mature size (Lm95) is 147 mm and relatively higher than the selectivity size. The spawning potential ratio found at 1-6% with the annual average is 2% per year. The conclusion is this research shown that recruitment potency and recovery of depleted stock relatively low and potential un-sustain. The life history and LB-SPR information need to formulate a new strategy to manage size selectivity and fishing intensity in the Sunda Strait.
Histological structure of striped catfish (Pangasius Hypophthalmus) skin from different body size (age) and its relation to the quality of gelatin based on the melting point
Authors: Hidayati D , Alfarisy M U , Khairunissa  , Kurniawan F , Prasetyo E N , Luqman A , Sa’adah N N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Gelatin is a protein derived from collagen denaturation. Currently, fish gelatin has been developed as an alternative to halal gelatin. Fish gelatin can be extracted from the skin of several fish including striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus), because the skin’s connective tissue contains a lot of collagen. In industrial applications, melting point is a very important characteristic of gelatin. The biological factors of raw materials such as the size or age of fish are thought to influence the content of collagen, thereby affecting the melting point of gelatin. The aim of this study was to compare the histological structure of the striped catfish skin at different body sizes, especially the observation of collagen in the skin’s connective tissues and to determine its relationship with the quality of its gelatin product based on melting point. The gelatin pre-treatment was performed using acid-base treatment, extraction with distilled water (55°C) were conducted prior to melting point measurement. The results of histological analysis showed that the connective tissue in the skin of larger fish contained thicker stratum compactum and thinner of stratum spongiosum. The melting point of large catfish skin gelatin has a higher melting point (25.5 °C) than the smaller size (24 °C).
The inclusion of moringa leaf extract fermentation in commercial feed to enhance feed conversion ratio and specific growth rate of tambaqui fish, Colossoma macropomum.
Authors: Veronica D R , Martaningrum E T , Agustono  , Lokapirnasari W P 
Published: April 2021

AbstractProbiotics could be used as an alternative substitute for Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP). One of the bacteria that have the potential as a probiotic wasLactobacillus acidophiluswhich was able to secrete digestive enzymes that could help digestion and absorption of feed nutrients. The activity of probiotic bacteria could be stimulated by giving Moringa leaf extract through the process of breaking down oligosaccharides into lactic acid. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving Moringa leaf extract,L. acidophilusprobiotic, and the interaction between Moringa leaf extract andL. acidophilusprobiotic in commercial feed on the specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio of Tambaqui fish. The results showed that administration of Moringa leaf extract and administration ofL. acidophilusprobiotics to commercial feed with different doses did not have a significant effect (p> 0.05), but the interaction of the combination of Moringa leaf extract andL. acidophilusprobiotics gave a significant effect ( p <0.05) on the specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio of Tambaqui fish, namely the A1B2 treatment (4.03% per day) for the specific growth rate and A2B1 treatment (0.92) for the feed conversion ratio.
Dry matter, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract contents of Seligi leaf (Phyllanthus buxifolius) powder fermented with different duration and probiotic’s dose as a fish feed ingredient
Authors: Vitanti R Y , Lamid M , Lokapirnasari W P , Amin M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Seligi (Phyllanthus buxifolius) is a herbaceous plant which still rarely used as feed additives. Seligi has a high crude fibre and low protein so it needs to be improved by fermentation using probiotics. The fermentation process is influenced by duration and dose. This study aims to determine whether there are effects and interactions of duration and dose of probiotics on the content of dry matter, crude fibre and nitrogen free extract (NFE) in Seligi leaves. This study is experimental research with factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors, namely the duration of fermentation, consisting of 2 treatments, 5 and 7 days, while the other factors are the dose, consisting of 4 treatments namely 0%, 2%, 4% and 6%. The results showed that there was an effect of fermentation duration on dry matter, which on day 5 produced the highest dry matter, but there was no dose-effect and no interaction. In crude fibre, there is an effect of probiotic dose where at a dose of 2% it produces the lowest crude fibre, but there is no effect on the duration and there is no interaction. In the NFE, there was no influence and interaction between time and dose.
Histopathological profile of kidney and liver organs of mullet fish (Liza subviridis) exposed by lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) in Estuaria Lampon Banyuwangi, East Java
Authors: Apriliana A A , Sulmartiwi L , Lutfiyah L 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Estuaria Lampon waters that are close to gold mining and polluted by heavy metals Lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg). There is one of the pollutants to aquatic organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are histopathological changes organ of mullet fish (Liza subviridis) and heavy metals content samples in Estuaria Lampon. The method of making histopathological preparations using HE staining and reading the scoring preparations were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test with Mann Whitney test. Testing of heavy metal content using AAS. The results of microscopic observations showed damage in the form of necrosis, fat degeneration, and congestion. In the kidney organ there are many categories of damage that is necrosis 64,2% at station I, and in the liver the most damage occurred was fat degeneration 69% at station I. This value indicates that damage area >50% from an average of 4 visual fields.
Food habits of greenback mullet Liza subviridis at Lampon Estuary, Banyuwangi, East Java
Authors: Langsa N S , Sulmartiwi L , Lutfiyah L 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The mullet is a fish that dominates the Lampon Estuary. These waters contain Pb and Hg that exceed the threshold. This study aims to look at the mullet food habits, water quality, and the relationship between water quality and mullet food habits. This research was conducted for three months, from November 2019 to January 2020 at Estuary Lampon, Pesanggrahan, Banyuwangi, East Java. This research used a survey method (non-experimental) and observation method. The number of fish samples was 171 fish. Based on the analysis, the composition of mullet fish feed consists of Diatoms, Flagellates, Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyta, Xanthophyta, and Dinoflagellates. The composition of plankton as food in polluted waters obtained a different type of plankton from normal waters. Based on the index value of food choices, the most popular food is Diatoms and can be categorized as herbivorous fish.
Combination chrome and mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) bark crude extract on Epinephelus sp. leather quality
Authors: Dewi G S P , Saputra E , Abdillah A A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Almost all tanning leather industry used chrome sulphate mineral because it has a high tannic power and produce tanned leather with good quality. However. as much as 25% chrome in tanning is wasted as liquid waste. Chrome as waste product from tanning process is categorized as dangerous waste which is toxic to the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combination chrome and mangrove bark crude extract on tanned Epinephelus sp. skin. The results showed that the best grouper skin was tanned on 8% tanner extract. which was demonstrated a tensile strength value by 228.91 kgf/cm2, tear strength by 23.43 kgf/cm, elongation by 24.03%, and shrinkage temperature by 55.23° C. This studied promised application of mangrove extract could replace chrome as tanned agent for greenly method.
Substitution of Maggot Flour Fermentation (Hermetia illucens) in Commercial Feed Towards The Level of Crude Protein and Crude Fat in Catfish Meat (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Permatasari S A , Rahardjo B S , Nindarwi D D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of fermentation substitution maggot flour in commercial feed on crude protein and crude fat of catfish. The research method used is an experimental method. The treatment used is substitution of maggot flour in commercial feed, P0 (99% commercial feed+1% tapioca flour), P1 (94% commercial feed+5% maggot flour+1% tapioca flour), P2 (89% commercial feed+10% maggot flour+1% tapioca flour), P3 (84% commercial feed+15% maggot flour+1% tapioca flour) and P4 (79% commercial feed+20% maggot flour+1% tapioca flour). Data analysis used Analyze Of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results of this study were the best crude protein content of catfish (Clarias sp.) at a substitution dose of 10% maggot flour fermentation with crude protein content of 20.3250a ± 0.042. The best crude fat content of catfish (Clarias sp.) was produced at substitution doses of maggot flour fermentation of 5%, 10%, and 15% with crude fat content respectively 1.255a ± 0.1044, 1.503b ± 0.0737 and 1.523 c ± 0.0345.
Size distribution of Anchovy caught by “purse seine waring” in Semarang and Demak waters - Central Java
Authors: Pebruwanti N , Fitrani I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Anchovies (Stolephorus sp) is one of the pelagic fish resources which has economic value and abundant in Indonesia waters. The fishing gear to be used to catch Anchovies is the waring purse seine. Demak is one of the fishing base of the waring purse seine in Central Java. This study aims to analyze the relationship between length-weight, the frequency distribution of anchovy length in Semarang, and Demak waters. This research used an explorative survey method, while the measuring method of fish samples was purposive sampling. Data for Anchovy were obtained in May and October 2018. The correlation between the length-weight of Anchovy in May obtained a value of b=2.759. The longest Anchovy (May) measuring 76.69 mm, weighing 8.8 g, while the shortest size was 34.17 mm, weighing 1.97 g and mode at the mean value of 58.50 mm. The correlation between Anchovy length-weight (October) obtained a value of b =2.126. While the longest Anchovy measures 94.06 mm, weighing of 5.94 g, and the smallest size was 43.68 mm, weighing of 1.44 g while the mode was 65.30 mm in the mean. The catch of Anchovy in October was more feasible to catch than in May.
Utilization of Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. probiotic towards nitrite and nitrate level in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using aquaponic system
Authors: Setiawan D , Prayogo  , Rahardja B S 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBased on KKP data, nile tilapia production is highly increasing from 2015 – 2018. To generate high production of nile tilapia, intensive culture system is needed. The latter indicated with high density stock and feed amount, which lead to high accumulation of organic waste. Those accumulation of organic waste considered harmful towards fish commodity due to contained ammonia and nitrite which both of them categorized as toxic. The solution for the prior problem is by applying aquaponic system along with the addition ofNitrosomonasandNitrobacterprobiotic to support nitrification process. Nitrification process described as decreasing process of ammonia and nitrite by oxidizing them into nitrate. The effective dosage of the probiotic has yet to be known, so this study aim to figure out whether the addition of those probiotic with certain dosage can decrease nitrite and increase nitrate. This study uses Rancang Acak Lengkap (RAL) with 5 treatments repeated 4 times. Nitrite and nitrate data analyzed by ANOVA. The result showed the addition ofNitrosomonasandNitrobacterprobiotic decrease nitrite and increase nitrate with 1,5 mg/L as the most effective dosage. Prior dosage decrease nitrite level into 0,0672 ± 0,0013 mg/L and increase nitrate level into 3,936 ± 0,1175 mg/L
Sustainable seaweed farming and its contribution to livelihoods in Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Zamroni A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Seaweed farming has been used as a tool for livelihood strategy of coastal communities in Eastern Indonesia. This study aimed to analyse the characteristics of seaweed farming activity, analyse the constraints and opportunities of seaweed farming, and analyze the marketing channel of seaweed farming. This study were used structured and semi-structured questionnaires as qualitative approach, and interviews were conducted with 294 in total respondents in South Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara Provinces. The data were analyzed used descriptive statistics, supply chain analysis, and SWOT. The finding shows that seaweed farming plays as a primary source of household support in small-scale level (2-4 plots in each). Some constraints hinder the development of this activity, such as disease, post-harvest difficulties, farm ownership, shifts in the monsoon season, marketing constraints, quality of seaweed seeds, farm ownership, and imperfections in post-harvest methods. The supply chain of seaweed with has provided benefits (price margin: IDR 1000/kg), such as speedily supplying investment and daily operational funds, without interest through the efforts of middlemen with an exclusive relationship. As a conclusion, traditional seaweed farming method can be as key driven for sustainable seaweed farming and livelihoods for local coastal community.
Reversible Gate Mapping into QCA Explicit Cells Packed with Single Layer
Authors: Pathak N , Misra N K , Bhoi B K , Kumar S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
MOS based circuits and computing devices are facing challenge related to energy dissipation, short channel effect and device density. The state of the art technology is driven towards Quantum cellular automata (QCA) computing with an emphasis on a high-speed and smaller area. QCA is a new computing technology that is made of quantum cell restraining two electrons and two dots. In this paper, a novel design of Fredkin, Toffoli, and Feynman gate layout is designed using the molecular QCA concept. Presented cell layout of newly circuit validity is verified by QCADesigner software. Further, a large number of articles are reviewed and comparison results are presented to show the optimal results such as cell count, majority gate count, bounded box area, and clock utilize. In this work, QCA and reversible logic combined together and the proposed designs have less bounded box area and delay, which is an essential part of the next-generation computing.