bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender-based Differences in Young Indian Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Mahorkar Virag , Mahorkar Uday , Vidhale Avanti , Mahorkar Ajinkya Vijay , Sarwale Suresh Jambuvant , Dhundele Tanu , Donkalwar Amol 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
The steep rise in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) cases among young adults, particularly those ≤ 45 years old, poses a significant concern, especially in India. This study delved into the baseline characteristics, risk factors, and echocardiographic and angiographic profiles of ACS patients under 45 years of age, with a focus on discerning gender-based differences.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted, including young adults aged 18–≤45 years diagnosed with ACS who underwent coronary angiography. Demographic, clinical, and angiographic data were meticulously analyzed.

Results:
Our study of 550 young ACS patients (mean age: 40.2 ± 4.7 years) from January 2018 to July 2023 found that females, forming nearly 10% of the cohort, had a higher obesity prevalence (38.7% vs. 56.9%, P = 0.012). Multivessel disease was less common in females (P < 0.0001). Left anterior descending (67.3%) and right coronary (41.3%) arteries predominantly affected, seen in significantly higher proportion of males (P = 0.003 and P = 0.011, respectively). Left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% was notably lower in males (P = 0.029). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was the primary treatment modality (59.3%), with significantly lower rates among females (43.1% vs. 60.9%, P = 0.040).

Conclusion:
Despite the increasing prevalence, research on gender differences in young adults with ACS is limited, especially in the Indian population. We observed higher obesity rates in females compared to males, along with lower rates of multivessel disease in females. Males had lower ejection fractions and underwent PCI more often than females. These findings highlight the need for gender-specific approaches and tailored interventions in ACS management.
Trends in dengue virus positivity & serotyping in Rajasthan
Authors: Sharma Pratibha , Malhotra Bharti , Sharma Himanshu , Bhomia Neha , Deeba Farah , Kuldeep Anjana , Trivedi Khushbu , Tiwari Jitendra , Kaur Harmanmeet , Vijay Neetu 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives
Dengue virus causes frequent outbreaks and epidemics with high morbidity and mortality. It is important to monitor the trends of the dengue virus and its serotypes. We carried out the present work to study the prevalence of the dengue virus and its serotypes in clinically suspected cases of dengue in Rajasthan.

Methods
A total of 1,47,777 individuals reporting as pyrexia of unknown origin or clinically suspected of dengue infection were included in this study. The presence of dengue NS1 antigen and dengue IgM was tested by ELISA. Nucleic acid extraction and PCR was done for detection of dengue virus RNA. Serotyping of representative dengue PCR-positive samples was done by real time PCR.

Results
Of the 1,47,777 dengue suspected cases, 28092 (19.01%) were positive for dengue by NS1antigen or IgM ELISA. Year-wise percentage positivity from 2015 to 2022 was 30.42, 16.49, 17.81, 20.15, 20.50, 9.25, 24.55 and 15.16 per cent, respectively. Males of age >15 yr were found to be more commonly affected. The number of dengue cases was significantly higher during the post-monsoon period throughout the eight-year study period. All four dengue serotypes circulated during the study period. DENV-2 and DENV-3 were the predominant serotypes during 2015 to 2017, while DENV-1 and DENV-2 were predominant during 2018 to 2022.

Interpretation & conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that the dengue positivity in Rajasthan was the highest in post-monsoon season among adult males. The serotype prevalent varied from time to time and was helpful in understanding the changing epidemiology of DENV.
On-the-spot spirometry & combined salbutamol & glycopyrronium reversibility testing in obstructive airway disease: A real-world appraisal
Authors: Bhattacharyya Parthasarathi , Sen Srijita , Ghosh Shuvam , Dey Debkanya , Sengupta Sayoni , Karmakar Sayanti , Saha Dipanjan , Kar Avishek , Banerjee Rajat 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives
Spirometric glycopyrronium responsiveness, a new advent, needs to be examined at in terms of degree and frequency in different obstructive-airway diseases diagnosed in real world practise.

Methods
Serial and willing symptomatic affected individuals of suspected airway disease underwent a pragmatic post-consultation spirometry-protocol on the same day with salbutamol followed by glycopyrronium bromide. The diagnosis of asthma (FEV1-reversibility ≥ 200 ml + 12%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (FEV1/FVC<0.7 and FEV1-reversibility <200 ml and/or 12%), and ‘unclassified’ (neither asthma nor COPD) were determined on post-salbutamol changes. The performances of the two classes of bronchodilators were compared on FVC, FEV1/FVC, FEV1, and FEF-25-75 while the relative frequency of significant responsiveness for salbutamol (≥200 ml) and glycopyrronium (≥100 ml) were noted.

Results
Fifteen hundred and eighty study participants consisting of asthma (n=329; 21%), COPD (n=641; 40%), and ‘unclassified’ (n=610; 39%) were included. Both salbutamol and glycopyrronium had demonstrated improvement across the spirometric parameters. The salbutamol responsiveness was statistically significant in all but COPD in terms of absolute values of FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 and the glycopyrronium responsiveness was significant in all plus COPD in FVC, FEV1, and FEF25-75 values. While all the asthmatics, 9.83 per cent of ‘unclassified’ study participants, and none of the COPD affected individuals had significant FEV1 responsiveness to salbutamol, the glycopyrronium responsiveness for the three conditions were 38.3, 40.25 and 24.26 per cent, respectively. The combined reversibility for asthma, COPD, and unclassified were 401.5±173.9, 119.5±109.3, and 158.7±136.3 ml, respectively.

Interpretation & conclusions
Spirometry with serial salbutamol and glycopyrronium responsiveness may prove helpful in identifying syndromic diagnosis and choosing the bronchodilator treatment of airway diseases.
Possibility of re-purposing antifungal drugs posaconazole & isavuconazole against promastigote form of Leishmania major
Authors: Bhusal Chandra Kanta , Beniwal Pooja , Singh Sarman , Kaur Davinder , Kaur Upninder , Kaur Sukhbir , Sehgal Rakesh 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives
The emergence of drug resistance in leishmaniasis has remained a concern. Even new drugs have been found to be less effective within a few years of their use. Coupled with their related side effects and cost-effectiveness, this has prompted the search for alternative therapeutic options. In this study, the Computer Aided Drug Design (CADD) approach was used to repurpose already existing drugs against Leishmania major. The enzyme lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51), in L. major, was chosen as the drug target since it is a key enzyme involved in synthesizing ergosterol, a crucial component of the cell membrane.

Methods
A library of 1615 FDA-approved drugs was virtually screened and docked with modeled CYP51 at its predicted binding site. The drugs with high scores and high affinity were subjected to Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations for 100 ns. Finally, the compounds were tested in vitro using an MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide] assay against the promastigotes of L. major.

Results
Computational screening of FDA-approved drugs identified posaconazole and isavuconazole as promising candidates, as both drugs target the CYP51 enzyme in fungi. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated that both drugs form stable complexes with the target enzyme. In vitro studies of posaconazole and isavuconazole against promastigotes of L. major demonstrated significant efficacy, with IC50 values of 2.062±0.89 µg/ml and 1.202±0.47 µg/ml, respectively.

Interpretation & conclusions
The study showed that the existing FDA-approved drugs posaconazole and isavuconazole can successfully be repurposed for treating L. major by targeting the CYP51 enzyme, demonstrating significant efficacy against promastigotes.
Urinary Abnormalities Among Asymptomatic Adolescents in Rural Tamil Nadu
Authors: Roy Dhanya , Singh Sundar , Mohan Jesinth , Joseph Leni Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Background
The utility of screening for chronic kidney disease in children and adolescents remains controversial. Since it is difficult to screen all the children, we aimed to look into at-risk children who will benefit from asymptomatic urine analysis.

Materials and Methods
The study was done on 2201 students between 10 and 18 years of age (fifth to twelfth grade) from the rural schools of central Tamil Nadu. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and urine analysis was done in the schools with ten parametric dipsticks. Anthropometry was classified using the World Health Organization’s AnthroPlus software.

Results
Dipstick urinalysis was done on 2121 adolescents, and 10.18% showed an abnormality. The most common abnormality was the presence of red blood cells in urine at 4.2%, followed by leukocyturia at 3.7% and proteinuria at 2.4%. Leukocyturia was more common among females (7.8% versus 0.7% in males). Children with wasting were found to have 1.83 times higher risk for proteinuria (p-value 0.025).

Conclusion
Children with Body Mass Index Z-Scores < 2, especially females, may benefit from selective urinary screening.
Модель цифровых навыков кибербезопасности 2020
Authors: Сухомлин В.А. , Белякова О.С. , Климина А.С. , Полянская М.С. , Русанов А.А. 
Published: December 2024

Стремительные темпы всеобъемлющей цифровизации социума обусловливают рост технологической сложности и масштабности кибер-угроз, как в частном, так и в государственном секторах экономики. Это делает подготовку высококвалифицированных кадров по кибербезопасности приоритетной задачей системы образования и сферы управления персоналом и приводит к необходимости постоянного совершенствования программ подготовки профессионалов в области кибербезопасности. В статье представлены результаты разработки модели цифровых навыков для области кибербезопасности (информационной безопасности), собственно описание архитектуры модели, определяющей состав категорий и доменов навыков, востребованных для профессиональных кадров по кибербезопасности, а также состав навыков для основных профильных категорий модели. Модель навыков разработана с целью определения требований к учебным программам подготовки соответствующих профессиональных кадров, а также для разработки на ее основе свода знаний по кибербезопасности и куррикулума нового поколения – важнейших методических инструментов системы образования.
The rapid pace of the comprehensive digitalization of society leads to increasing technological complexity and scale of cyber threats, both in the private and public sectors of the economy. Therefore, the training of highly qualified cybersecurity personnel is becoming a priority task for the education system and personnel management, and there is also a need for continuous improvement of training programs for professionals in the field of cybersecurity. The article presents the results of the development of a digital skills model for the field of cybersecurity (information security), the actual description of the architecture of the model, which determines the composition of categories and domains of skills in demand for professional cybersecurity personnel, as well as the composition of skills for the main profile categories of the model. The skills model was developed in order to determine the requirements for curricula for the training of professional personnel, as well as to develop on its basis a body of knowledge on cybersecurity and a new generation curriculum - the most important methodological tools of the education system.
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ДЕФОРМАЦИЙ МАССИВОВ ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ПК «PROROCK»
Authors: Булат Тагирович Ильясов 
Published: December 2024

С использованием ПК PROROCK выполнены расчеты деформаций группы уступов с различными горнотехническими и структурно-геологическими условиями. Возможность явного моделирования трещинообразования и разрушения, реализованная в данном программном комплексе, позволяет проследить образование тела обрушения, закономерности его формирования в зависимости от направления падения систем трещин. Модели групп уступов отличаются углами заоткоски и углами наклона систем трещин. Рассмотрено три варианта углов откосов и углов наклона систем трещин, расчеты выполнены для девяти моделей. Прочностные свойства пород в моделях заданы как функция времени и напряженного состояния, то есть учитывается длительная прочность горных пород. Анализ результатов расчетов показал наличие зависимости направления смещений как от угла падения трещин, так и от угла наклона участка борта карьера. Сделан вывод, что по направлениям смещений можно оценить степень опасности наблюдаемых деформаций. По результатам моделирования возможен прогноз контуров и объема потенциального тела обрушения с учетом структурно-геологических условий, определяются предельные величины смещений, после достижения которых начинается стадия прогрессирующего разрушения борта.
Deformations of benches group with various mining and structural-geological conditions using of PROROCK software have been calculated. The possibility of an explicit modeling of fracturing and fragmentation realized in this software package allows observing the formation of the failure body, the patterns of its formation depending on dip angle of the fissure systems. The models of bench groups differ in the bench face angles and the angles of inclination of the fissure systems. Three various inclination angles and fissure systems inclination angles have been examined, so the calculations have been performed for nine models. Strength properties of rocks in models have been given as a function of time and stress state, that is, the long-term strength has been taken into account. Analysis of the calculation results showed the dependence of the direction of displacements both on the fissure system inclination angle and on the inclination angle of the pit wall part. It allows the conclusion that after analyzing of displacement directions it is possible to estimate the danger grade of the observed deformations. Based on the modeling results and taking into account the structural-geological conditions, it is possible to forecast the form and the volume of the potential failure body, to determine the critical values of the displacements, beyond which the progressive failure stage of the pit wall begins.
РАЗРАБОТКА 3D ГЕОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ РУДНИКОВ И КАРЬЕРОВ
Authors: Светлана Андреевна Съедина , Аминям Абдулхамитовна Балтиева , Ляззат Саевна Шамганова 
Published: December 2024

Рассмотрены этапы создания трехмерных геомеханических моделей при разработке месторождений подземным и открытым способами, в основу которых входят результаты расчетов коэффициента запаса устойчивости бортов карьера и рейтингов устойчивости подземных рудников. Геомеханическая модель состоит из четырех основных компонентов - геологической, структурной, гидрогеологической моделей и модели породного массива. Модели строятся на основе геологических, гидрогеологических, геотехнических данных месторождения и с этих позиций позволяют оптимизировать работу всего предприятия, правильно оценивать риски, научно обосновывать параметры отработки месторождения. Создание геомеханических моделей включает в себя несколько этапов: сбор и обработку данных, анализ полученных результатов, перевод графической документации в цифровую, работу с цифровыми данными в специализированных ГИС.
This article describes the stages of creating three-dimensional geomechanical models in developing of deposits by underground and open methods, based on the results of calculating the safety factor of the open pit sides and stability ratings of underground mines. The geomechanical model consists of four main components - geological, structural, hydrogeological models and rock mass model. The models are based on the geological, hydrogeological, and geotechnical data of the deposit, such geomechanical models allow to optimize the work of the whole enterprise, correctly assess the risks, scientifically justify the parameters of field development. The creation of geomechanical models includes several stages: the collection and processing of data, the analysis of the obtained results, the transferring of graphic documentation into digital one, and the working with digital data in specialized GIS.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ТИПОРАЗМЕРА АВТОСАМОСВАЛА НА РАЗНОС БОРТОВ КАРЬЕРА
Authors: Артем Геннадиевич Журавлев , Алексей Борисович Буднев 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрено влияние массогабаритных характеристик автосамосвала (ширины и грузоподъемности) на объем, дополнительный разнос, а также угол погашения борта карьера. Через логическую цепочку взаимовлияния грузоподъемности карьерного самосвала «ширина самосвала - ширина транспортной бермы - угол откоса борта - объем карьера» путем аппроксимации эмпирических данных установлены закономерности изменения объема карьера от массогабаритных параметров, применяемых для их отработки карьерных автосамосвалов. При обосновании оптимального инструмента проведения исследования были дополнительно рассмотрены аналитические методики оценки объема карьера и предложен улучшенный способ его определения.
The paper considers the influence of the mass-dimensional characteristics of the dump truck (width and carrying capacity) on the volume, additional spacing, as well as the angle of incleaning of the quarry side. Through the logical chain of mutual influence of the load-carrying capacity of a mining dump truck “the width of the truck - the width of the transport berm - the angle of the slope of the side - the volume of the quarry” and by approximating the empirical data, the regularities in the change of the quarry volume from the mass-size parameters of the dump trucks used for mining have been definined. In substantiating the optimal research tool, analytical techniques for estimating the quarry volume have been further considered and an improved method for determining the quarry volume has been proposed.
Оценка устойчивости уступов карьеров, разрабатывающих месторождения алмазов Якутии (на примере карьеров "Юбилейный" и "Зарница")
Authors: Евгений Брониславович Яницкий , Владимир Александрович Дунаев , Александр Николаевич Овсянников , Иван Борисович Агарков 
Published: December 2024

На примере карьеров «Зарница» и «Юбилейный» показано, что преобладание во вмещающих алмазоносные трубки Якутии массивах горных пород субвертикальных и субгоризонтальных разрывных нарушений исключает проявление типичных деформаций откосов уступов (клиновых, плоских и др.). Деформирование откосов уступов заключается, главным образом, в осыпании горных пород вследствие их криогенного выветривания. Вместе с тем при наличии протяженных трещин, субвертикальных простиранию уступа и падающих в массив горных пород возможно обрушение откоса путем опрокидывания элементарных породных блоков, а по сильно обводненным участкам субгоризонтальных нарушений в откосе образуются деформации со сложной геометрией их границ и углублением в породный массив с образованием нависающих над уступом козырьков горных пород. Для прогнозирования дальнейшего развития установленных деформаций необходим их мониторинг путем периодического лазерного сканирования с оценкой скорости разрастания деформаций.
The predominance of subvertical and subhorizontal disjunctive dislocations in the enclosing rocks of the kimberlites in Yakutia excludes the manifestation of typical deformations of the ledges slopes (wedge, flat etc.), as exemplified in the "Zarnitsa" and "Yubileyny" quarries. The deformation of the ledges slopes consists chiefly in the crumble of rocks because of their cryogenic weathering. Collapsing of the ledge by overturning elementary rock blocks is possible, if there are long cracks that are subparallel to the slope plane and fall into the rock massif. Deformations with a complex geometry of their boundaries and a deepening into the rock massif, which form the overhangs of rocks overhanging over the ledge are formed over the heavily watered areas of subhorizontal cracks in the slope. It is necessary to monitor deformations by periodic laser scanning with the estimation of the rate of deformations growth in order to predict the further development of established deformations.
СРАВНЕНИЕ РАЗНЫХ ТИПОВ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ПЕРЕДВИЖЕНИЯ ГРУЗОВОЙ ТЕЛЕЖКИ КАРЬЕРНЫХ КАБЕЛЬНЫХ КРАНОВ
Authors: Алексей Андреевич Беспальков , Артем Геннадиевич Журавлев 
Published: December 2024

Преимущество кабельных кранов по сравнению с другими видами подъемно-транспортных машин достигается на рабочих площадках, имеющих большие линейные размеры, которые могут быть полностью перекрыты пролетом крана, а также на объектах со сложным и труднопроходимым рельефом. Определенную область применения кабельные краны имеют и на открытых горных работах. Кабельные краны для карьеров, отрабатываемых по углубочной системе, должны иметь большие пролеты порядка 800 - 1000 м. В этом случае применение барабанной лебедки в качестве механизма передвижения грузовой тележки приведет к значительным габаритам привода и его потребной мощности. В статье рассматриваются способы снижения мощности привода и варианты реализации его конструктивных схем для обеспечения необходимого тягового фактора: лебедки, канатоведущие шкивы, натяжные устройства. По каждому варианту выполнены расчеты необходимых усилий. Показано, что предпочтительным вариантом будет применение схем с канатоведущим шкивом в сочетании с расположением башен кабельного крана на разновысотном уровне и использованием натяжного устройства для компенсации недостающей величины тягового фактора.
High efficiency of cable cranes in comparison with other types of hoisting machines is being achieved on the working areas of large linear dimensions that can be covered completely by a crane span, and on objects with complex and rugged terrain. A certain sector the cable cranes’ use has on open-pit mining works too. Cable cranes for quarries worked out according the deepening system should have large spans of about 800-1000 m. In this case, the use of a winch with a drum as a mechanism for moving the cargo trolley will lead to significant dimensions of the drive and its required power. The article considers ways to reduce the drive power and options for the implementation of its design schemes to ensure the necessary traction factor: winches, rope driving pulleys, tension devices. For each version, the necessary effort has been calculated. It is shown that the use of rope driving pulley circuits in combination with the location of the cable crane towers at a different height level and the use of a tension device to compensate the missing value of the traction factor will be the preferred option.