bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KADAR SALINITAS AIR TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BAJA ST 60
Authors: Wibowo Dwi Anggi , Ghofur Abdul 
Published: December 2021

Daerah perairan dapat menimbulkan risiko serangan korosi yang lebih tinggi terutama pada lingkungan perairan yang mengandung salinitas atau salinitas, umumnya korosi yang terjadi di perairan dapat menyerang logam, salah satunya adalah baja ST 60 yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan konstruksi dalam konstruksi bangunan. pelabuhan, jembatan, poros baling-baling, dan aplikasi lain yang terkait dengan lingkungan perairan. Dampak yang ditimbulkan adalah logam dapat mengalami serangan korosi dengan cepat akibat berinteraksi dengan lingkungan air yang mengandung salinitas sehingga logam tersebut akan mengalami kerusakan dan kehilangan sifat teknisnya. Pada penelitian pengujian perendaman dilakukan dengan 3 minggu terus menerus dan 3 minggu (dengan 2 minggu perendaman kemudian 1 minggu tidak terendam) menggunakan air laut yang berasal dari pantai takisung, pelaihari dengan salinitas 2,48% dan air payau yang berasal dari dataran tinggi banjarmasin dengan salinitas 1,25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju korosi tertinggi terjadi pada 3 minggu perendaman terus menerus dengan air laut yang memiliki salinitas 2,48% dan jenis korosi yang terbentuk adalah korosi seragam. Water areas can pose a higher risk of corrosion attack, especially in aquatic environments that contain salinity or salinity, generally corrosion that occurs in the waters can attack metals, one of which is ST 60 steel which is widely used as construction material in the construction of ports, bridges, propeller axis, and other applications related to the aquatic environment. The impact caused is that the metal can experience corrosion attacks quickly due to interacting with the water environment containing salinity so that the metal will experience damage and lose its technical properties. In the study immersion testing was carried out with 3 weeks continuously and 3 weeks (with 2 weeks immersion then 1 week not submerged) using seawater originating from takisung beach, pelaihari with salinity of 2.48% and brackish water originating from the high land area of banjarmasin with a salinity of 1.25%. The results showed the highest corrosion rate occurred at 3 weeks of continuous immersion with seawater which had a salinity of 2.48% and the type of corrosion formed was uniform corrosion.
SELECTIVE HIGH-SENSITIVITY RADIOMETER SWITCHING FREQUENCY AMPLIFIER WITH FREQUENCY RESPONSE TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION
Authors: Yanenko Oleksii , Virchenko Leonid 
Published: December 2021

Problems. It is noted that the measurement of low-intensity microwave signals of various physical bodies and biological objects is associated with the need to provide high sensitivity, which can reach 10-14 -10-15 watts. The authors of the article studied the selective (selective) filter-amplifier of the switching frequency of the high-sensitivity modulation radiometer as one of the elements that have a significant impact on the sensitivity and accuracy of measurement, and developed recommendations for improving the stability of its parameters.
The purpose of the research. The peculiarities of the modulation radiometer conversion channel operation are considered and the role of the selective switching frequency amplifier in providing such sensitivity is determined.
The input and output signals of the selective amplifier, their relationship and the effect on the sensitivity of the radiometer were obtained and analyzed. The necessity of application of compensation of influence of temperature on characteristics of the filter taking into account temperature coefficients of elements of the scheme is proved.
Conclusions. Modeling of a selective amplifier with a third-order filter was performed, the amplitude-frequency characteristic and the zone of its possible displacement at the maximum operating temperature were obtained.
The structural and schematic diagram of the selective amplifier with automatic consideration of temperature influences, due to the introduction of feedback and correction of the frequency response of the filter has been developed.
The main parameters of the bandpass filter built on the feedback circuit are determined. The use of a field-effect transistor channel connected in series with the resistors of the frequency-forming circuits of the third-order filter is proposed as an element of frequency response correction.
The technical requirements for modeling and development of a selective amplifier are determined, which provide opportunities for implementation in practice. The research can be used to build a highly sensitive radiometric system for measuring low-intensity signals in areas such as biology and medicine.
Human Gut Microbiome as an Indicator of Human Health
Authors: Ivanova Anasnasiia , Yalovenko Olena , Dugan Alexey 
Published: December 2021

The undeniable achievement in the study of the gut microbiome as an association of different microorganisms, including viruses, that colonize various organs and systems of the body, is the establishment of the fact that some diseases that were consmicrobiotaidered as non-infectious can also be transmitted through microorganisms. This resulted in the gut microbiome being called a forgotten organ that could serve as an additional and kind of missing link for a more objective and better diagnosis and treatment of many diseases that were not considered infectious. The rapid development of gut microbiome research in recent years not only is connected with better understanding of the functioning of the microbiome by the scientific community, but also inseparable from the strategic support of each country. Global investment in researches, related to the human microbiome, has exceeded $1.7 billion over the past decade. These researches contribute to the development of new diagnostic methods and therapeutic interventions. Our review is dedicated to the analysis of the possibilities of application of the human gut microbiome for the diagnosis of diseases, and the role of the intestines in the provocation and causing of certain diseases. Significant differences in the composition and diversity of the human microbiome are shown depending on geographical location and the change of socio-economic formations towards a gradual decrease in the diversity of the gut microbiome due to three stages of human population’s existence: food production, agriculture and industrial urban life. We analyze the influence of dietary patterns, various diseases (including malignant neoplasms) and viral infections (in particular, coronavirus) on the gut microbiome. And vice versa – the influence of the gut microbiome on the drugs effect and their metabolism, which affects the host's immune response and course of the disease.
Evaluation of phosphate sorption capacity and external phosphorus requirement of some agricultural soils of the southwestern Ethiopian highlands
Authors: Dinssa Berhanu , Elias Eyasu 
Published: December 2021

<span>One of the most soil fertility management problems for crop production on acidic soils of the Ethiopian highlands is phosphorus fixation. The research was executed to assess the P-sorption capacity and to determine the external P requirement of different acidic soils in the Southwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Phosphorus sorption capacity (Kf) and its relation with selected soil characteristics were assessed for some major agricultural soils in the Ethiopian highlands to answer the questions, ‘What are the amount of P-sorption capacity and external P requirement of Nitisols, Luvisols, Alisols, and Andosols in Ethiopia?’. Twelve surface soil samples (at depth of 0-30 cm) were gathered and the P-sorption capacity was estimated. Phosphorus-sorption data were obtained by equilibrating 1 g of the 12 soil samples with 25 ml of KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> in 0.01 M CaCl2, having 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, and 330 mg P L<sup>-1</sup> for 24 hours. The data were adjusted to the Freundlich adsorption model and the relationship among P-sorption and soil characteristics was established by correlation analysis. Clay content and exchangeable acidity, organic matter, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> oxides have affected phosphorus-sorption at a significance level of (P &lt; 0.05). Alisols had the highest Kf value (413 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) but Nitisols had the lowest Kf (280 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>). The external phosphorus fertilizer requirement of the soils was in the order of 25, 30, 32, and 26 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup> for Nitisols, Luvisols, Alisols, and Andosols sequentially. The Kf varies among different soil types of the study area. The magnitude of the soil’s Kf was affected by the pH of the soil, soil OM content, and oxides of Fe and Al. Therefore, knowledge of the soils’ P retention capacity is highly crucial to determine the correct rate of P </span><span>fertilizer</span><span> for crop production.</span>
Seismic Tomography of Kamchatkan Volcanoes
Authors: Koulakov I.Yu. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract—The Kamchatka Peninsula is one of the most tectonically active regions in the world, where intensive and diverse modern volcanic activity takes place. In the recent decade, substantial progress in the investigation of deep structures beneath Kamchatka has been achieved owing to numerous tomography studies based on seismological data provided by permanent stations and temporary networks deployed in some key areas. The goal of this review is summarizing and systematizing dozens of separate multiscale geophysical studies in Kamchatka and constructing an integral model of volcano-feeding systems. An important part of this review contains the description of results of various seismic studies related to the Klyuchevskoy group volcanoes, which can now be considered one of the best studied volcanic areas in the world. The results of the regional-scale seismic tomography reveal the existence of the Pacific slab window, which determines the particular activity of the Klyuchevskoy group volcanoes. Middle-scale tomography studies have found traces of an ascending hot mantle flow that passes through the slab window, reaches the bottom of the crust below Shiveluch Volcano, and then propagates laterally toward the Klyuchevskoy group. Seismic models of the entire crust in the area of the Klyuchevskoy group were used to identify different mechanisms of magmatic feeding of three most active volcanoes: Klyuchevskoy, Bezymianny, and Tolbachik. The data of local networks deployed on several volcanoes of Kamchatka were used to image the magma sources in the upper crust, which are directly responsible for the current eruption activity. The comparison of the results for the Kamchatka volcanoes with tomography models of several other volcanoes of the world allowed determining some common features and differences in feeding active magmatic systems.
A thermodynamic origin for the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound
Authors: Ramakrishna Satish 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound is imposed on the grounds of logical consistency (with classical General Relativity) upon local quantum field theories. This paper puts the bound into the context of a thermodynamic principle applicable to a field with a particular equation of state in an expanding universe. This is achieved without overtly appealing to either a decreasing density of states or a minimum coupling requirement, though they might still be consistent with the results described. The paper establishes that the holographic principle applied to cosmology is consistent with minimizing the free energy of the universe in the canonical ensemble, upon the assumption that the ultraviolet cutoff is a function of the causal horizon scale.
Application of CT Radiomics Combined with Machine Learning Methods in Predicting the Recurrence or Metastasis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Feng Qiu-Xia , Tang Bo , Liu Xi-Sheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of machine learning-based CT radiomics models for predicting the recurrence and metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) preoperatively.Methods: A total of 382 patients with histopathological confirmed GISTs were retrospectively included. According to postoperative follow-up, patients were classified into non-recurrence and metastasis group (NRM) and recurrence or metastasis group (RM). Radiomics features were extracted from arterial and portal venous phase CT images. Four feature selection methods and ten machine learning techniques were used to train predicting models on training cohort with internal validation by 10-fold cross-validation. F1 score was used to evaluate the performance of the classiﬁcation model. The best model of two phase were stacked to build an ensemble model. The area under the curve (AUC), recall, precision, accuracy, and F1 score were used to evaluate the performance of the models and compare with clinical criteria based on diameter.Results: Eighty machine learning models in two phases were built and the ensemble model was integrated by analysis of variance and Naive Bayes (ANOVA_NB) model in arterial phase which selected only 5 features provided the highest F1 Score of 0.560 and Kruskal Wallis and Adaptive Boosting (KW_ AdaBoost) model in venous phase which selected only 4 features provided the highest F1 Score of 0.500. The AUC of the generated ensemble model and the clinical criteria showed no difference (0.866 vs 0.857; DeLong Test, P = 0.865). But the ensemble model had higher accuracy (0.961), recall (0.826), precision (0.905), F1 Score (0.864), and the area under the Precision-Recall curve (0.774; 95%CI, 0.552 - 0.917), compared with clinical criteria, of which, the accuracy was 0.942, recall was 0.367, precision was 0.478, the F1 Score was 0.415 and the area under the Precision-Recall curve was 0.354(95%CI, 0.552 - 0.917).Conclusions: Our findings highlight the potential of machine learning techniques based on CT radiomics in the prediction of recurrence and metastasis of GISTs preoperatively.
Experiments And Simulations of Thermometric Lateral Flow Immunoassay For Point-of-Care Testing
Authors: Azuma Terumitsu , Hui Yuen Yung , Chen Oliver Y. , Wang Yuh-Lin , Chang Huan-Cheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Temperature sensing is a promising method of enhancing the detection sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassay for point-of-care testing. A temperature increase of more than 100 °C can be readily achieved by photoexcitation of reporters like gold nanoparticles (GNPs) or colored latex beads (CLBs) on the strips with a laser power below 100 mW. Despite its promise, processes involved in the photothermal detection have not yet been well-characterized. Here, we provide a fundamental understanding of this thermometric assay by combining experiments and simulations using non-fluorescent CLBs as the reporters deposited on nitrocellulose membrane. By measuring the dependence of temperature rises on the number density of membrane-bound CLBs, we determined a 1.5-fold enhancement of the light absorption at 520 nm by the beads (diameter of 0.4 μm). The enhancement, however, was compromised by a 5-fold reduction of the incident laser power due to multiple scattering of the light in this highly porous medium. The limit of detection was measured to be 1 × 105 particles/mm2. In line with previous studies using GNPs as the reporters, the CLB-based thermometric assay provides a 10× higher sensitivity than color visualization, as demonstrated with the immunoassay for nucleocapsid proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
An infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 Omicron virus escapes neutralization by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies
Authors: VanBlargan Laura , Errico John , Halfmann Peter , Zost Seth , Crowe James , Purcell Lisa , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Corti Davide , Fremont Daved , Diamond Michael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

The emergence of the highly-transmissible B.1.1.529 Omicron variant of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is concerning for antibody countermeasure efficacy because of the number of mutations in the spike protein. Here, we tested a panel of anti-receptor binding domain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) corresponding to those in clinical use by Vir Biotechnology (S309, the parent mAb of VIR-7831 [Sotrovimab]), AstraZeneca (COV2-2196 and COV2-2130, the parent mAbs of AZD8895 and AZD1061), Regeneron (REGN10933 and REGN10987), Lilly (LY-CoV555 and LY-CoV016), and Celltrion (CT-P59) for their ability to neutralize an infectious B.1.1.529 Omicron isolate. Several mAbs (LY-CoV555, LY-CoV016, REGN10933, REGN10987, and CT-P59) completely lost neutralizing activity against B.1.1.529 virus in both Vero-TMPRSS2 and Vero-hACE2-TMPRSS2 cells, whereas others were reduced (COV2-2196 and COV2-2130 combination, ~12-fold decrease) or minimally affected (S309). Our results suggest that several, but not all, of the antibodies in clinical use may lose efficacy against the B.1.1.529 Omicron variant.
Comparison of the efficacies of 1.0mm and 1.5mm silicone tubes for the treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Authors: Nakamura Jutaro , Kamao Tomoyuki , Mitani Arisa , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Shiraishi Atsushi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

This study was designed to compare the postoperative outcomes of bicanalicular intubation using different diameters of silicone tubes to treat post-saccal nasolacrimal duct obstruction. A total of 130 patients diagnosed with post-saccal obstruction who underwent endoscopic-assisted silicone tube intubation were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups; those intubated with a 1.5-mm large diameter tube (Group LD) and those with a 1.0-mm normal diameter tube (Group ND). The patency rates of the two groups at one year after tube removal were compared using the Kaplan–Meier's curve and Restricted mean survival time (RMST) method with τ = 365 days. Results showed that the recurrence rate after tube removal was significantly lower in the LD group compared to the ND group (p = 0.001). The patency rates at one year after removal in the LD and ND group were 0.857 (0.754-0.919) and 0.739 (0.617-0.828), respectively. When comparing the patency rates by the RMST method at τ = 365 days, the RMST difference, RMST ratio, and RMTL ratio were significantly higher in the LD group at p = 0.045, 0.052, and 0.046, respectively.
EDUCAÇÃO PARA A DEMOCRACIA EM TEMPOS DITATORIAIS: ANÁLISE DA REFORMA DA CARTA DA OEA (PROTOCOLO DE BUENOS AIRES, 1967) EM SEU CONTEXTO
Authors: Niyama Beatriz Mendes , Cabral Guilherme Perez 
Published: December 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de construção normativa, no cenário de Guerra Fria, do Protocolo de Buenos Aires (1967) – que reforma a Carta da Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA) – particularmente a introdução da noção de educação para democracia. Partindo da relação entre governos autoritários e a Organização Interamericana, a pesquisa se concentrou na atuação da Ditadura Civil-militar brasileira neste processo. Foi adotado método histórico documental, a partir de fontes primárias, como relatório, atas de reuniões e correspondências da Organização e dos representantes dos Estados, identificados a partir da sistematização dos arquivos físicos do Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (FGV-RJ), complementado pela revisão bibliográfica crítica da matéria. Os resultados atingidos permitem a conclusão de que a conexão entre educação e democracia, inserida na Carta da OEA por meio da atuação de governos autoritários, atende à perspectiva econômica liberal, constituindo, em última análise, uma educação para o capitalismo liberal, na luta anticomunista. Conclui-se que a inserção da democracia como objetivo educacional representa, do ponto de vista político-pedagógico, uma promessa vazia.
Sorel Çimentolu Hafif Betonların Mekanik ve Yalıtım Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TEMİZ Hüseyin , TANDIRCI Ergin 
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, Sorel çimentolu hafif betonların (SÇ) bazı mekanik ve yalıtım özellikleri incelenmiştir. SÇ numunelerinin yalıtım özelliklerinde iyileştirmeler yapabilmek için SÇ karışımları içerisine; hava sürükleyici katkı (HSK), ahşap talaşı (AT), mısır koçanı talaşı (MT), Puzolanlı madde (P), Afşin-Elbistan Termik Santral uçucu külü (AEUK) katkıları ayrı ayrı ikame edilerek numuneler üretilmiştir. Numuneler, bazı mekanik testlere ve yalıtım testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Ayrıca referans numunelerin (R) farklı ortam koşullarına karşı dirençleri incelenmiştir. Numune dayanım değerlerinin yüksekten düşüğe sırasıyla SÇ, SÇ+HSK, SÇ+P, SÇ+AEUK, SÇ+AT ve SÇ+MT olduğu tespit edilmiştir. SÇ+AEUK numunelerinin çatlaması nedeniyle SÇ ve AEUK malzemelerinin birlikte kullanılmalarının uygun olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Suda bekletilen SÇ numunelerinin dayanımlarının zamanla düştüğü saptanmıştır. Ortam sıcaklık artışının R numunelerinin dayanımlarında 100 C’de artış, 500 C ve sonrasında düşüşe neden olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuç olarak katkı kullanılan numunelerin R numuneye göre dayanımlarında düşüş, yalıtım özelliklerinde ise bazı iyileşmelerin olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Saptanan değerler kullanılan katkıların türüne ve oranına göre farklılık göstermiştir.
Bentonite blended with bagasse ash as an adsorbent for reactive red 198 dyes
Authors: Adane Teshale , Adugna Amare Tiruneh , Alemayehu Esayas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Adsorption offers an efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly method for the treatment of dye-laden wastewater. This work presents reactive red 198 (RR198) removal by adsorption using bentonite clay (BC) blended with sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA). The adsorbent's surface morphologies, crystalline phase structures, functional groups, and specific surface before and after adsorption were examined using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET respectively. Central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize independent and dependent variable values. The optimal parameters for RR198 removal using the blended adsorbent were 107 minutes contact time, 0.934 g/L adsorbent dose, and 15 mg/L initial dye concentration, and 85.2% RR198 removal efficiency was achieved. The sorption isotherms and kinetics were evaluated using various existing models. The Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.95) and the pseudo-second-order equation best described the adsorption parameters and the RR198 adsorption kinetic mechanism, respectively. Desorption and reusability experiments in batch study confirmed that BC blended with SCBA can be used multiple times for dye removal from wastewater.
Photocatalytic degradation of caffeine in a slurry reactor with intermittent UV irradiation: optimization and response surface modelling
Authors: Nirmala Rani C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study focusses on the photocatalytic degradation of caffeine (CAF), a stimulating drug and environmental contaminant that poses a threat to humans and the environment. The effect of operating parameters such as CAF initial concentration (5–20 mg/L), catalyst dosage (0.1–0.9 g/L) and pH (3.0–9.0) were explored in detail. The experimental results showed the maximum CAF and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals of 87.2% and 66.7% respectively. The optimized parameters were: CAF initial concentration – 5 mg/L, catalyst dosage – 0.5 g/L and pH – 7.2. The photocatalytic degradation of CAF followed pseudo-first order kinetics. The obtained experimental data were analysed with response surface methodology (RSM) using Design Expert Software.