bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Homoeopathic Remedies and their Relationship
Authors: Bala Renu , Srivastava Amit 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHet woord relatie duidt op de manier waarop twee of meer dingen verbonden zijn, of een situatie van verbondenheid. Niets in de natuur staat werkelijk los van iets anders. Geneesmiddelen zijn op verschillende manieren met elkaar verbonden in hun therapeutische werking. Voor het nauwkeurig voorschrijven is kennis van de onderlinge relaties van middelen essentieel. Hahnemann was altijd zorgvuldig in het observeren en noteren van de antidoten van de remedies die hij beproefde.In het therapeutisch handboek is de relatie van remedies het meest nuttige hoofdstuk. Zelfs Kent pleitte voor het gebruik van dit specifieke hoofdstuk dat op verschillende niveaus kan worden bestudeerd van denken, lichaamsdelen, gewaarwordingen, modaliteiten, enz. Dit onderwerp wordt het minst begrepen en het minst gebruikt omdat de artsen er te weinig aandacht aan besteden. Homeopaten beheersen de kunst van het individualiseren, een van de pijlers van de homeopathische behandeling, maar er moet meer nadruk gelegd worden op het groeperen van remedies op basis van hun verwantschap, wat in de praktijk van groot belang is voor de ideale genezing. De homeopathische literatuur blijkt zeer rijk te zijn in het beschrijven van de relatie van de onderlinge geneesmiddelen. Dit overzicht beoogt de onderliggende feiten en ervaringen van verschillende auteurs betreffende de relatie tussen geneesmiddelen naar voren te brengen.Het woord relatie duidt op de manier waarop twee of meer dingen verbonden zijn, of een situatie van verbondenheid. Niets in de natuur staat werkelijk los van iets anders. Geneesmiddelen zijn op verschillende manieren met elkaar verbonden in hun therapeutische werking. Voor het nauwkeurig voorschrijven is kennis van de onderlinge relaties van middelen essentieel. Hahnemann was altijd zorgvuldig in het observeren en noteren van de antidoten van de remedies die hij beproefde.In het therapeutisch handboek is de relatie van remedies het meest nuttige hoofdstuk. Zelfs Kent pleitte voor het gebruik van dit specifieke hoofdstuk dat op verschillende niveaus kan worden bestudeerd van denken, lichaamsdelen, gewaarwordingen, modaliteiten, enz. Dit onderwerp wordt het minst begrepen en het minst gebruikt omdat de artsen er te weinig aandacht aan besteden. Homeopaten beheersen de kunst van het individualiseren, een van de pijlers van de homeopathische behandeling, maar er moet meer nadruk gelegd worden op het groeperen van remedies op basis van hun verwantschap, wat in de praktijk van groot belang is voor de ideale genezing. De homeopathische literatuur blijkt zeer rijk te zijn in het beschrijven van de relatie van de onderlinge geneesmiddelen. Dit overzicht beoogt de onderliggende feiten en ervaringen van verschillende auteurs betreffende de relatie tussen geneesmiddelen naar voren te brengen.
A Pilot Study on the Addition of Tramadol or Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (Prilocaine Plus Lignocaine) to Local Lignocaine Infiltration for Prevention of Bone Marrow Aspiration/Biopsy Associated Pain
Authors: Rudresha AH. , Sansar Bipinesh , Lokanath D. , Jacob Linu Abraham , Babu M.C. Suresh , Lokesh K. N. , Saldanha Smitha C. , Goyal Shina , Rajeev L. K. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives Bone marrow aspiration although being a common procedure is associated with significant pain and its reduction remains an unmet need. We evaluated the use of tramadol and eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (prilocaine plus lignocaine) (EMLA) for reducing the severity of pain.
Materials and Methods In this pilot study, we compared the addition of either tramadol 50 mg per oral (T) or EMLA local application (E) or no intervention (L) in addition to the usual procedure of local infiltration with lignocaine 2% before bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (BMAB) in adults suspected/confirmed with malignancy. Both, tramadol and EMLA were administered 1 hour prior to the procedure. Primary end point was reduction in pain intensity with these interventions compared with local infiltration alone. Pain was assessed using numerical FACES pain scale, a visual analogue scale. Secondary end points were to see the effect on pre procedure apprehension and to find out the other factors associated with increased pain related to the procedure.
Statistical Analysis and Results A total of 300 patients were included in the study, 100 each in tramadol (T), EMLA (E), and only lignocaine local infiltration (L) arms, respectively. The mean pain intensity on the visual scale was significantly lower in the tramadol arm (T, E, L—3.4, 4.4, 4.7, respectively) (p < 0.0005). There was a significant reduction in percentage of patients who experienced moderate/severe pain (four or more) in the tramadol arm (T, E, L—45, 77, 82%, respectively) (p < 0.0005). Duration of procedure >10 minutes, body mass index >30, ECOG (Eastern Oncology Group) performance status ≥3, and age >50 years were positively correlated with more pain. Leukemia patients experienced significantly more pain compared with patients with lymphoma and other solid malignancies. Tramadol was well tolerated. No significant effect on pre-procedure apprehension was noted in any of the arms.
Conclusion Tramadol appears to have a preventive effect on bone marrow aspiration/biopsy-associated pain and appears to be well tolerated, whereas EMLA was not associated with such an effect. Larger studies may be done to ascertain the same.
Are Hounsfield Unit Measurements of Bony Absorption Changes in Cholesteatoma Helpful?
Authors: Shemesh Shay , Luckman Judith , Marom Tal , Kraus Oded , Tamir Sharon Ovnat 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans of the temporal bone are used to assess the bony erosion of the middle-ear structures whenever cholesteatoma is suspected.
Objective To study the differences in HRCT Hounsfield unit (HU) index measurements of middle-ear bony structures between an ears with and without cholesteatoma.
Methods A retrospective study of 59 patients who underwent surgery due to unilateral cholesteatoma. The HRCT HU index of the scutum, of three middle-ear ossicles, of the lateral semicircular canal (LSCC), and of the fallopian canal was measured in both ears. A comparison was made between the cholesteatoma and the non-cholesteatomatous ear (control). All measurements were conducted by an otolaryngologist. To assess the interobserver bias, 10% of the samples were randomly and independently assessed by another otolaryngologist and a neuroradiologist who were blinded.
Results The average HU index was lower in the ear with cholesteatoma when compared with the non-cholesteatomatous ear. While the differences were statistically significant regarding the measurements of the scutum (516.02 ± 311.693 versus 855.64 ± 389.999; p = 0.001), the malleus (1049.44 ± 481.765 versus 1413.47 ± 313.376; p = 0.01), and the incus (498.03 ± 264.184 versus 714.25 ± 405.631; p = 0.001), the differences in the measurements of the LSCC (1042.34 ± 301.066 versus 1154.53 ± 359.609; p = 0.69) and of the fallopian canal (467.19 ± 221.556 versus 543.51 ± 263.573; p = 0.108) were not significantly different between both groups. The stapes was immeasurable in both groups due to its small size.
Conclusion Hounsfield unit index measurements are a useful tool that may aid in the diagnosis of early-stage cholesteatoma.
Management of Bleed from Percutaneous Portal Puncture Site (post-BRTO) by Trans-jugular-Trans-Hepatic Embolization
Authors: Seth Raghav , Gupta Arun , Yadav Ajit 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report the case of an elderly male, who was a known case of chronic liver parenchymal disease. He presented with a history of melena for 2 weeks and upper-GI endoscopy revealed fundal varices. He was planned for BRTO. Along with BRTO, a percutaneous trans-hepatic puncture of a branch of the right portal vein was also performed for proper embolization of the varices. The trans-hepatic puncture-tract was embolized after the procedure. However, after 24 hours of the procedure, the patient developed hypotension and abdominal distension due to hemorrhage from the portal puncture site. Portal-venography was performed via the trans-jugular-trans-hepatic route to confirm the source of hemorrhage and embolization of the culprit portal venous branch was performed via the same route. The patient was stable after the procedure.Various interventional procedures via the trans-jugular route have been routinely described in the literature, including trans-jugular liver biopsies, placement of TIPSS shunts and endovascular interventions for haemodialysis. However, the literature on trans-jugular embolization of portal vein is scarce. This case describes the unexpected clinical situation, in the form of bleeding from the portal puncture site, despite embolization of the trans-hepatic tract after BRTO. Finally, a creative solution was thought of and trans-jugular embolization of the portal vein was performed, which succeeded in terminating the ongoing bleeding from the portal vein.
10.22.1 Product Subclass 1: Azaindoles
Authors: Mérour J.-Y. , Joseph B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis chapter covers the synthesis and reactions of 4-azaindoles, 5-azaindoles, 6-azaindoles, and 7-azaindoles. It focuses on the literature published until mid-2014. Both classical methods and recent advances in synthetic preparations are reviewed for each isomer. Substituent modifications on the pyridine or pyrrole ring are also described.
Demystifying the process of scholarly peer-review: an autoethnographic investigation of feedback literacy of two award-winning peer reviewers
Authors: Chong Sin Wang , Mason Shannon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPeer reviewers serve a vital role in assessing the value of published scholarship and improving the quality of submitted manuscripts. To provide more appropriate and systematic support to peer reviewers, especially those new to the role, this study documents the feedback practices and experiences of two award-winning peer reviewers in the field of education. Adopting a conceptual framework of feedback literacy and an autoethnographic-ecological lens, findings shed light on how the two authors design opportunities for feedback uptake, navigate responsibilities, reflect on their feedback experiences, and understand journal standards. Informed by ecological systems theory, the reflective narratives reveal how they unravel the five layers of contextual influences on their feedback practices as peer reviewers (micro, meso, exo, macro, chrono). Implications related to peer reviewer support are discussed and future research directions are proposed.
Drifting assemblies for persistent memory: Neuron transitions and unsupervised compensation
Authors: Kalle Kossio Yaroslav Felipe , Goedeke Sven , Klos Christian , Memmesheimer Raoul-Martin 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Associative memories are thought to be represented by neuronal assemblies, ensembles of nerve cells with strong synaptic interconnectivity. Experiments have, however, shown that synapses can change spontaneously. Motivated by this and by experimentally observed changes of representations, we propose that assemblies that drift freely in the brain, due to noisy network activity and spontaneous synaptic changes, are the basis of associative memory. How can memories and behaviors persist despite these changes? We find that simple, teacher-free synaptic plasticity compensates the drift and thereby solves the conundrum. When such plasticity is incorporated, networks with drifting assemblies can maintain stable memories and basic computations. The mechanisms underlying drift and compensation may apply to different kinds of drifting neural representations.
Application of psychometrics to assess quality of life in animals.
Authors: Reid Jacky , Nolan Andrea , Scott Marian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Animal welfare research is gradually moving towards inclusion of positive welfare, with the consideration of how animals can be provided a good life or a life worth living. The concept of quality of life, which originates from human medical sciences, definitely contributes to this. In this chapter the developers of the health-related quality of life tool for dogs share their expertise.
The microbiota-gut-brain axis in determining social behaviours of animals.
Authors: van Staaveren Nienke , Forsythe Paul , van der Eijk Jerine A. J. , Fuchs Dietmar , Gostner Johanna M. , Mindus Claire , Rodenburg T. Bas , Harlander Alexandra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

This chapter introduces the mechanisms through which microorganisms can influence animal welfare and how this knowledge can be used to keep animals physically and psychologically healthy. Genetics and genomics are well-established concepts in animal welfare sciences. Given the importance of genetics to animal behaviour and health, and the rapid advances in technologies.
Constraints to using livestock to meet dietary needs in developing countries: role of vaccines
Authors: Baldwin Cynthia L. , Black Samuel J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Animal agriculture and animal-source foods (ASF) play a critical role in food security, childhood nutrient sufficiency, and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, we consider constraints to production of ASF in Africa with a focus on infectious animal diseases and climate stress and their control, by vaccines and selective breeding, respectively. This is not a meta-analysis but rather is meant to act as an overview or primer for discussing the value of livestock in developing countries, constraints to this, possible solutions, and finally some roadblocks to accomplishing this. The material provided is based on our own knowledge gained through careers in this field as well as discussions with colleagues.
Broadband unidirectional scattering in the transverse direction and angular radiation realized by using a silicon hollow nanodisk under a radially polarized beam
Authors: Xue Fengxia , Fan Haihua , Dai Qiaofeng , Liu Haiying , Lan Sheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent years, directional scattering has been one of the most active research hotspots in the field of nanophotonics. Herein, we study the directional scattering properties of a silicon hollow nanodisk (SHND) illuminated by a tightly focused radially polarized beam. The induced strong longitudinal total electric dipole interferes with transverse magnetic dipole to achieve a highly-efficient transverse unidirectional scattering when the SHND is located at a specific position in the focal plane. Moreover, the manipulated unidirectional scattering in the transverse direction can be realized in the broad wavelength range from 581 nm to 656 nm. In addition, the unidirectional angular radiation towards all directions can be realized by adjusting the position of the SHND. Our research results are helpful for the design of nanophotonic devices that can manipulate the angular radiation direction, and have potential applications in sensing, optical communications, solar cells and other fields.
Suppression of instabilities in the transport of a high-power electron beam in the forevacuum pressure range using low-energy thermionic electrons
Authors: Zenin A A , Bakeev I Yu , Klimov A S , Oks E M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We report the results of our study on the effect of injection of low-energy thermionic electrons on the suppression of instabilities of the beam-plasma discharge (BPD) type in a beam plasma during the transport of a powerful continuous electron beam generated by a plasma–cathode electron source in the forevacuum range of pressure. As result of thermionic electron injection, the plasma electron temperature decreased to 0.3 eV and the plasma density decreased by an order of magnitude to 1015 m−3. The minimal thermoelectron current required for suppressing the BPD increases with increasing emission current and decreases with increase of the beam accelerating voltage.
Fully differentiable optimization protocols for non-equilibrium steady states
Authors: Vargas-Hernández Rodrigo A , Chen Ricky T Q , Jung Kenneth A , Brumer Paul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the case of quantum systems interacting with multiple environments, the time-evolution of the reduced density matrix is described by the Liouvillian. For a variety of physical observables, the long-time limit or steady state (SS) solution is needed for the computation of desired physical observables. For inverse design or optimal control of such systems, the common approaches are based on brute-force search strategies. Here, we present a novel methodology, based on automatic differentiation, capable of differentiating the SS solution with respect to any parameter of the Liouvillian. Our approach has a low memory cost, and is agnostic to the exact algorithm for computing the SS. We illustrate the advantage of this method by inverse designing the parameters of a quantum heat transfer device that maximizes the heat current and the rectification coefficient. Additionally, we optimize the parameters of various Lindblad operators used in the simulation of energy transfer under natural incoherent light. We also present a sensitivity analysis of the SS for energy transfer under natural incoherent light as a function of the incoherent-light pumping rate.
Effect of spectral overlap and mixing ratio on metal-semiconductor mixed colloid
Authors: Gurung Sabina , Singh Asha , Jayabalan J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Metal-semiconductor hybrid colloid is an emerging paradigm for the construction of advanced materials having multiple functionalities. In such colloids, the ratio between the number of metal nanoparticles (NP) to the number of semiconductor quantum dots (QD) plays an important role in controlling the properties of the final hybrid colloid. We study the effect of the mixing ratio of Ag NPs to the CdTe QDs on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of the final mixed hybrid colloid. Using steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence, it has been shown that when exciton and plasmon spectrally overlap in a hybrid, the amplitude of the decay component of PL depends on the excitation energy. Such dependence is not observed in the case of hybrid where exciton and plasmon are spectrally separated. This study contributes to the appropriate selection of the shape of metal NPs in designing a hybrid material that is well suited for optoelectronic device applications.
A methylammonium iodide healing method for CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells with high fill factor over 80%
Authors: Li Zhen , Yang Guanjun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Repressing the thermal decomposition during the process of heat treatment plays an indispensable part in the preparation of perovskite films. Here, a methylammonium iodide healing method was applied to prevent the volatilization of the organic component inside the perovskite structure during the heat treatment. High-quality CH3NH3PbI3 film with a much larger grain size over 800 nm was successfully fabricated via this healing method. Besides, the absorption and photoluminescence intensity were also both improved. Finally, the best power conversion efficiency of 18.89% with a fill factor over 80% was realized in an n–i–p configuration while possessing outstanding stability. This work suggests that methylammonium iodide healing method is a reliable way to promote crystal growth and improve the photovoltaic performance and humidity stability of the CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells.
Certain investigation on RC aircraft engine to identify the suitability of Methanol and Castor oil Alternative fuel
Authors: Yuvaraj S , Thomas Renald C J , Senthil Kumar A P , Sadesh K , Naveen Promoth D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the current age drones are broadly utilized for different applications in pretty much every field. Because of the disturbing expense of the glow fuel utilized in the RC motors, utilization of the equivalent includes a ton of capital. Adding to it, the current fuel brings about intermittent combustion is in demand of alternate fuel. This paper manages the investigation of existing fuel synthesis and discovering the cost required to dispose of the high capital included, so that considerably more tests and study utilizing the RC Engines 2.5 cc can be completed easily. Methanol and Castor oil Combination is considered as an alternate fuel. The approach includes testing of the fuel to decipher the substance parts and their individual pieces through a progression of tests. Followed by the study of possible additives to enhance the performance of the engine without actually altering the timing intervals. The new creation of the fuel showed up is blended in with extraordinary hardware and the equivalent is tried for essential fuel properties viz., Density, Flash point, Fire point, Calorific value, and so forth The productivity arrangement is made utilizing a pulley instrument and the equivalent is tried for both the energizes. Performance of the R/C aircraft engine was tested with existing glow fuel and the new blend. Results are compared and concluded that the designed blend is a potent alternate fuel for R/C aircraft engines. *Future scope: It can be further tested for its SFC and emission standards. The outcome shows that the new fuel is exceptionally cost productive and the essential substance properties are profoundly improved.
Communal space patterns in tsunami aid housing for creating public open space after COVID-19 (case study: Gampong Tibang, Banda Aceh, Indonesia)
Authors: Khairunnisak  , Irwansyah M , Wulandari E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
After the 2004 tsunami disaster, many aid housing developments were carried out, including housing in Gampong Tibang (Tibang Village), Banda Aceh City, with the pattern of building in the initial plot, with low building density. The local community has developed their housing according to their needs. When the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, requiring everyone to be in their respective homes, causing open space in the housing environment to become important as a village communal space, which has social and health functions for residents. This research emphasizes how people use communal open spaces for various activities, which are adaptive to the COVID-19 health protocol. The study approach uses field research quickly, the data is obtained by observing the type of housing open space that has the public function (communal open space) and the behavior of the community in using the space. The analysis was carried out in an analytical descriptive manner, looking at the pattern of activities associated with the COVID-19 health protocol. The results showed that there were 9 communal spaces spread over 4 types: a) field with a bale (an open design building of wood), which was used by men; b) the space around the kiosk that provides seating on an open terrace for all residents; c) open space around the intersection for children to play dynamically (cycling, running, sitting); d) the terrace of the residents’ house which is more for the passive activities of women. That four types of spaces according to the COVID-19 health protocol are very familiar with a natural atmosphere (enough air circulation and sufficient exposure to sunlight). The conclusion of the study shows that the need for socio-cultural space is still needed by the community during the COVID-19 pandemic which can actually make residents healthy.