bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The chromatin remodeler RSF1 coordinates epigenetic marks for transcriptional repression and DSB repair
Authors: Min Sunwoo , Lee Ho-Soo , Ji Jae-Hoon , Heo Yungyeong , Kim Yonghyeon , Chae Sunyoung , Choi Yong Won , Kang Ho-Chul , Nakanishi Makoto , Cho Hyeseong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
DNA lesions impact on local transcription and the damage-induced transcriptional repression facilitates efficient DNA repair. However, how chromatin dynamics cooperates with these two events remained largely unknown. We here show that histone H2A acetylation at K118 is enriched in transcriptionally active regions. Under DNA damage, the RSF1 chromatin remodeling factor recruits HDAC1 to DSB sites. The RSF1-HDAC1 complex induces the deacetylation of H2A(X)-K118 and its deacetylation is indispensable for the ubiquitination of histone H2A at K119. Accordingly, the acetylation mimetic H2A-K118Q suppressed the H2A-K119ub level, perturbing the transcriptional repression at DNA lesions. Intriguingly, deacetylation of H2AX at K118 also licenses the propagation of γH2AX and recruitment of MDC1. Consequently, the H2AX-K118Q limits DNA repair. Together, the RSF1-HDAC1 complex controls the traffic of the DNA damage response and transcription simultaneously in transcriptionally active chromatins. The interplay between chromatin remodelers and histone modifiers highlights the importance of chromatin versatility in the maintenance of genome integrity.
Work participation is reduced during the development of RA, months before clinical arthritis manifests
Authors: Rogier Cleo , de Jong Pascal H P , van der Helm-van Mil Annette H M , van Mulligen Elise 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated whether work participation is affected in patients with arthralgia during transition to RA. Arthralgia patients with symptom resolution and early RA patients at diagnosis were used as a reference.

Methods
Three groups of patients were studied: arthralgia patients converting to RA (n = 114), arthralgia patients with spontaneous symptom resolution (n = 57), and early RA patients (n = 617). Both presenteeism (i.e. working while sick, scale 0–10) and absenteeism (i.e. sick leave) were taken into account. Work ability 1 year prior to clinical arthritis was estimated (in absolute numbers). The course of work restriction over time was studied using linear mixed models (β coefficient; delta per month) within each patient group.

Results
One-year prior to the development of clinical arthritis, mean presenteeism was 7.0 (95% CI 5.8, 8.1) in patients with arthralgia, indicating 30% loss, and further worsened to 6.1 (95% CI 5.3, 6.6) at RA diagnosis, thus indicating 39% loss. In early RA patients, presenteeism improved over time after DMARD initiation (β 0.052 per month 95% CI 0.042, 0.061, P &lt; 0.0001). Presenteeism also improved in arthralgia patients who achieved spontaneous symptom resolution (β 0.063 per month, 95% CI 0.024, 0.10, P = 0.002). Absenteeism did not change significantly in arthralgia patients, but did improve in RA after DMARD-start. ACPA stratification revealed similar results.

Conclusion
In the months preceding RA, presenteeism was already apparent, and it worsened further during progression to clinical arthritis and diagnosis. This underlines the relevance of the symptomatic pre-RA phase for patients. The observed reversibility in arthralgia patients with symptom resolution may suggest that intervention in pre-RA could improve work participation.
The TIPS Liquidity Premium
Authors: Andreasen Martin M , Christensen Jens H E , Riddell Simon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We introduce an arbitrage-free term structure model of nominal and real yields that accounts for liquidity risk in Treasury inflation-protected securities (TIPS). The novel feature of our model is to identify liquidity risk from individual TIPS prices by accounting for the tendency that TIPS, like most fixed-income securities, go into buy-and-hold investors’ portfolios as time passes. We find a sizable and countercyclical TIPS liquidity premium, which helps our model to match TIPS prices. Accounting for liquidity risk also improves the model’s ability to forecast inflation and match surveys of inflation expectations.
Assessment of the systemic toxicity ofLaghu vishagarbha taila, an Ayurvedic medicated oil formulation after dermal exposure
Authors: Wanjari Manish M , Yadav Mahendra , Dey Yadu Nandan , Sharma Deepti , Srivastava Bhavana , Jamdagni Shrirang B , Gaidhani Sudesh N , Jadhav Ankush D , Gautam Manish 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLaghu vishagarbha taila (LVT) is a medicated oil preparation used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine and applied topically for the treatment of painful musculoskeletal and inflammatory disorders. It contains some mildly poisonous phytoconstituents which may show untoward effects upon application. The present study evaluated the toxicity of LVT in the acute, subacute, and subchronic dermal toxicity study in Wistar rats. LVT was tested for its compliance using physicochemical and analytical parameters as per standard methods prescribed in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, while acute, subacute, and subchronic toxicity studies were carried out as per OECD 402, 410, and 411 guidelines, respectively. In the acute dermal toxicity study, a single dose of LVT (2000 mg/kg) was applied topically to rats, while in subacute and subchronic dermal toxicity study, the rats were topically applied LVT (1000 mg/kg) up to 28 and 90 days, respectively. LVT did not cause any alterations in clinical signs and no mortality or moribund stage was observed. The change in weekly body weight was insignificant compared with the vehicle control group. In subacute and subchronic dermal toxicity study, there were no significant changes in behavior, body weight, feed consumption, biochemical and hematological parameters, organ weight, and histological parameters compared with vehicle control rats. Topical application of single and repeated doses of LVT in rats did not exhibit adverse effects and suggests that the LD50 of LVT is more than 2000 mg/kg in the acute dose and NOAEL is more than 1000 mg/kg/day in repeated dose application.
SiO2-induced ferroptosis in macrophages promotes the development of pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis models
Authors: Liu Taiyang , Bao Rui , Wang Qiushi , Hao Wei , Liu Yaoyang , Chang Sirong , Wang Meng , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Zhihong , Sun Yue 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Silicosis is a devastating disease that, without effective treatment, endangers the health of miners. Therefore, studies exploring the pathogenesis of SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis are necessary to develop treatments for silicosis. Although macrophages are known to play a pivotal role in SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we explored whether ferroptosis was involved in SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis. To this end, C57BL/6 mice and mouse macrophage (RAW264.7) cells and mouse lung fibroblast (MLF) cells were subjected to iron content, cell viability, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence staining, histological, western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation analysis. In vivo, SiO2 was found to damage the lung alveolar structure, cause infiltration of inflammatory cells, and facilitate fibrosis. Additionally, it increased the iron concentration and lipid peroxidation as well as altered the expression of ferroptosis-related genes and the mitochondrial morphology in macrophages. In vitro, ferroptosis occurred in SiO2-treated RAW264.7 cells, which showed iron overload, lipid peroxidation, and gene alterations. Furthermore, ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) attenuated ferroptosis in SiO2-treated RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and cell death and regulating ferroptosis-related genes expression, in addition to attenuating the secretion of pro-fibrotic cytokines and fibrosis. Collectively, SiO2 induces ferroptosis in macrophages, which leads to the secretion of pro-fibrotic cytokines and fibrosis.
Evidence for the evolution of eusociality in stem ants and a systematic revision of †Gerontoformica (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Boudinot Brendon E , Richter Adrian , Katzke Julian , Chaul Júlio C M , Keller Roberto A , Economo Evan P , Beutel Rolf Georg , Yamamoto Shûhei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
It is generally assumed that Cretaceous stem ants were obligately eusocial, because of the presence of wingless adult females, yet the available evidence is ambiguous. Here, we report the syninclusion of a pupa and adult of a stem ant species from Mid-Cretaceous amber. As brood are immobile, the pupa was likely to have been transported by an adult. Therefore, the fossil substantiates the hypothesis that wingless females were cooperators, thus these were true ‘workers’. Re-examination of all described Cretaceous ant species reveals that winged–wingless diphenism – hence a variable dispersal capacity – may have been ancestral to the total clade of the ants, and that highly specialized worker-specific phenotypes evolved in parallel between the stem and crown groups. The soft-tissue preservation of the fossil is exceptional, demonstrating the possibility of analysing the development of the internal anatomy in stem ants. Based on the highest-resolution µ-CT scans of stem ants to date, we describe †Gerontoformica sternorhabda sp. nov., redescribe †G. gracilis, redefine the species group classification of †Gerontoformica, and provide a key to the species of the genus. Our work clarifies the species boundaries of †Gerontoformica and renders fossils relevant to the discussion of eusocial evolution in a way that has heretofore been intractable.
Optimized Production of Disulfide-Bonded Fungal Effectors in Escherichia coli Using CyDisCo and FunCyDisCo Coexpression Approaches
Authors: Yu Daniel S. , Outram Megan A. , Crean Emma , Smith Ashley , Sung Yi-Chang , Darma Reynaldi , Sun Xizhe , Ma Lisong , Jones David A. , Solomon Peter S. , Williams Simon J. 
Published: October 2021

Effectors are a key part of the arsenal of plant-pathogenic fungi and promote pathogen virulence and disease. Effectors typically lack sequence similarity to proteins with known functional domains and motifs, limiting our ability to predict their functions and understand how they are recognized by plant hosts. As a result, cross-disciplinary approaches involving structural biology and protein biochemistry are often required to decipher and better characterize effector function. These approaches are reliant on high yields of relatively pure protein, which often requires protein production using a heterologous expression system. For some effectors, establishing an efficient production system can be difficult, particularly those that require multiple disulfide bonds to achieve their naturally folded structure. Here, we describe the use of a coexpression system within the heterologous host Escherichia coli, termed CyDisCo (cytoplasmic disulfide bond formation in E. coli) to produce disulfide bonded fungal effectors. We demonstrate that CyDisCo and a naturalized coexpression approach termed FunCyDisCo (Fungi CyDisCo) can significantly improve the production yields of numerous disulfide-bonded effectors from diverse fungal pathogens. The ability to produce large quantities of functional recombinant protein has facilitated functional studies and crystallization of several of these reported fungal effectors. We suggest this approach could be broadly useful in the investigation of the function and recognition of a broad range of disulfide bond–containing effectors. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Statins No Longer Contraindicated in Pregnancy
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: October 2021

The labeling of statins has been revised to remove the contraindication for use during pregnancy.For a select few women at high risk for cardiovascular events, statins may provide more benefit than risk, even during pregnancy. Most women do not have this high risk, however, and should still avoid statins during pregnancy.
Influenza in a Kentucky Coal-Mining Camp
Authors: Todd Betsy 
Published: October 2021

Editor's note: From its first issue in 1900 through to the present day, AJN has unparalleled archives detailing nurses' work and lives over more than a century. These articles not only chronicle nursing's growth as a profession within the context of the events of the day, but also reveal prevailing societal attitudes about women, health care, and human rights. Today's nursing school curricula rarely include nursing's history, but it's a history worth knowing. To this end, From the AJN Archives highlights articles selected to fit today's topics and times.
In AJN's May 1919 issue, nurses shared their experiences from the 1918 influenza pandemic in an article entitled “Experiences During the Epidemic.” Their stories offer a glimpse of the enormous challenges of pandemic public health nursing in “forgotten” places, far from urban centers.
In a fishing village on Bogue Sound in North Carolina, one nurse describes how she, along with three practical nurses, spent an afternoon in a house filled with sick family members “cleaning the cottage and the people.” And in the excerpt shown here, in a coal-mining camp in southeast Kentucky, two camp doctors were ill and the single nurse “had been doing the doctoring and nursing, working day and night” to care for an estimated 600 people with influenza. (For the full article go to http://links.lww.com/AJN/A211.)
For more reflections on the 1918 influenza pandemic, see “The Flu Pandemic of 1918: A Nurse's Story” in this issue.—Betsy Todd, MPH, RN
Investigational Therapies for Gunshot Wounds to the Spine
Authors: Somuncu Doruk , Gartenberg Ariella , Cho Woojin 
Published: October 2021

Study Design:
This was a narrative review.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to review the standards of care and triage protocol for gunshot wounds to the spine, highlighting innovative future treatment options that may be implemented in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Summary of Background Data:
With the increased availability of firearms among the United States population, gunshot wounds to the spine are becoming a clinically relevant and devastating issue. Such injuries result in severe and diverse complications. SCIs due to gunshot wounds are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, as they often result in complete or incomplete paraplegia. Current standards of care focus on preventing further damage rather than total cure or treatment of SCI.

Methods:
A literature review was performed on the standards of care, triage protocol, associated conditions, current therapeutic options, and innovative treatment options for patients with gunshot wounds to the spine.

Results:
The general standards of care for spinal gunshot wounds involve maintaining or renewal of mechanical spinal steadiness and neurological activity while limiting complications of treatment. Current treatment options include management of mean arterial pressure goals, drug therapies consisting of antibiotics, and surgical approaches. With recent innovations in molecular biology and cell transplantation, potentially new and promising treatment options for patients with SCI exist. These options include cell transplantation therapies, platelet-rich plasma administration, exosomal treatments, and mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics. Stem cell transplantation is promising, as several clinical studies have been completed. However, loss-to-follow-up, lack of long-term evaluation, and questionable randomization has limited the use of stem cells in the standard of care practice. Although not studied on human models to a gunshot wound, exosomal and mitochondrial-based treatment options have been studied both in vitro and in animal models with SCI.

Conclusion:
Newly emerging molecular and cellular therapy modalities for SCI contribute to the recovery process and may be utilized in conjunction with the current modalities for better outcomes.
Posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with anterior vitrectomy vs optic capture buttonholing without anterior vitrectomy in pediatric cataract surgery
Authors: Kohnen Thomas , Davidova Petra , Lambert Martin , Wenner Yaroslava , Zubcov Alina A. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To investigate long-term complications after pediatric cataract surgery with implantation of a heparin-coated polymethyl methacrylate intraocular lens (PMMA IOL) and posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (PCCC) with anterior vitrectomy vs PCCC without anterior vitrectomy with optic capture buttonholing.

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.

Design:
Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Methods:
Eyes with unilateral or bilateral congenital cataract without further pathologies or former surgeries were randomly assigned in 2 groups: cataract removal, IOL implantation, and PCCC with anterior vitrectomy (group A) or posterior optic buttonholing without anterior vitrectomy (group B). The main outcome measures were posterior capsule opacification (PCO), complication rates, and refractive development.

Results:
58 eyes of 41 pediatric cataract surgery patients were included. The mean age at the time of operation was 66.05 months (±29.39). In group A (n = 26), 2 eyes required treatment for PCO, whereas the optic axis remained clear in all eyes in group B (n = 30), which was statistically insignificant. In addition, group B had a slightly lower rate of complications. The mean spherical equivalent after a mean postoperative follow-up of 6.5 years was −0.11 ± 2.51 diopters (D) (−5.0 to +4.0 D) in group A and −0.08 ± 2.14 D (−5.0 to +4.0 D) in group B, which was also statistically insignificant.

Conclusions:
Optic capture with a heparin-coated PMMA IOL proved to be a safe technique in the prevention of secondary cataract formation without a higher rate of complications and the necessity of vitrectomy.
Long-term efficacy and safety profiles after posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation in eyes with more than 10 years of follow-up
Authors: Papa-Vettorazzi Mario Renato , Güell José Luis , Cruz-Rodriguez José Benjamín , Moura-Coelho Nuno , Elies Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate long-term efficacy, safety, predictability, and stability of a posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (Visian implantable collamer lens [ICL]) in eyes with ≥10 years of follow-up.

Setting:
Instituto de Microcirugía Ocular, Barcelona, Spain.

Design:
Retrospective study.

Methods:
Eyes undergoing ICL implantation from 2008 to 2011 with ≥10 years of follow-up were included. Variables analyzed were preoperative, 1-month, 1-year, 5-year, and last follow-up uncorrected distance (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, spherical equivalent (SE), endothelial cell count (ECC), and intraocular pressure (IOP). Descriptive statistics were performed and results reported following the Standard for Reporting Refractive Surgery Outcomes.

Results:
45 eyes (26 patients) were analyzed; the mean follow-up 11.35 ± 1.30 years. The mean preoperative SE was −10.06 ± 3.40 diopters (D) and the mean preoperative cylinder −1.55 ± 1.45 D. At the last follow-up, efficacy and safety indices were 0.79 and 1.12, respectively. In total, 32 eyes (71%) achieved an UDVA of ≥20/40. 22 eyes (49%) gained ≥1 line of CDVA, and 2 eyes (4%) lost ≥2 lines of CDVA. At the final follow-up, 19 eyes (42%) and 29 eyes (64%) were within ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D of attempted SE correction, respectively. 31 eyes (69%) had ≤1.00 D of postoperative astigmatism, and 29 eyes (74%) were within ±15 degrees from the intended correction axis. At the last visit, a statistically significant myopic progression of −0.75 ± 1.20 D was observed (P = .01). ECC loss at the last follow-up was 9.85 ± 11.35%. IOP remained stable. There were no intraoperative complications. 3 eyes (7%) developed cataract after 10 years.

Conclusions:
The long-term results demonstrated that ICL was effective, predictable, stable, and safe.
Improving Nursing Students' Knowledge and Assessment Skills Regarding Skin Cancer Using Online Teaching Resources
Authors: Siegel Victoria , Moore Geraldine , Siegel Leeann 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Nurses are in an excellent position to teach the public about skin cancer prevention and perform cancer screenings. This study was designed to test an educational intervention intended to teach nursing students about skin cancer so they can reach competence and be certified by faculty to educate their patients. Similarly, students are educated and certified in other areas, namely, asthma and naloxone administration. By conducting this quasi-experimental study, the researchers sought to evaluate the effectiveness of adding online skin cancer education to traditional educational methods. Using a quasi-experimental design, we assigned nursing students (n = 146) to either an intervention group, which received an online educational treatment, or a control group, which did not receive any such treatment. Both groups then completed a posttest measure assessing their knowledge about skin cancer (“knowledge”), sun protective behaviors (“behavior”), and perceptions about the role of the nurse in skin cancer prevention (“role”). Participants in the intervention group had significantly higher scores on the “behavior” and “role” measures, suggesting that the intervention had successfully impacted these dimensions.
Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam for Sedation During Medical Thoracoscopy
Authors: Sirohiya Prashant , Kumar Vinod , Mittal Saurabh , Gupta Nishkarsh , Garg Rakesh , Bharati Sachidanand Jee , Mishra Seema , Hadda Vijay , Mohan Anant , Sagiraju Hari Krishna Raju , Bhatnagar Sushma , Madan Karan 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Studies comparing the utility of dexmedetomidine with other drugs for sedation during medical thoracoscopy are lacking. In this pilot study, we compared dexmedetomidine with midazolam for sedation in thoracoscopy.

Methods:
Consecutive subjects were randomized to receive either dexmedetomidine (n=30) (group D) or midazolam (n=30) (group M). All received fentanyl for procedural analgesia. The primary endpoint was pulmonologist-rated overall procedure satisfaction on the visual analog scale (satisfaction VAS). Key secondary outcomes were pulmonologist-rated cough on VAS (cough VAS), patient-rated faces pain scale scores, change in hemodynamic variables, total additional fentanyl dose, and adverse events during procedure.

Results:
The satisfaction VAS score (mean±SD) was significantly greater in group D versus group M (7.5±1.4 and 6.5±1.1, respectively) (P=0.003). The cough VAS scores (mean±SD) were 2.1±1.5 (group D) and 3.1±1.3 (group M) (P=0.014). The scores (mean±SD) for patient-rated faces pain scale were 2.9±1.8 and 4.2±2.3 (P=0.019) in group D and group M, respectively. The additional dose of fentanyl administered in group M was significantly greater than in group D (P=0.001). The responses at the local anesthesia infiltration, skin incision, thoracoscope insertion, and biopsy between both groups were similar. The hemodynamic parameters were comparable in both groups. Also, more patients were willing for repeat thoracoscopy if needed; in the dexmedetomidine group.

Conclusion:
The findings of this pilot RCT indicate that dexmedetomidine may be more efficacious than midazolam for sedation in patients undergoing medical thoracoscopy. These observations need to be confirmed in an adequately powered RCT.