bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multidimensional adapted process model of teaching
Authors: Metsäpelto Riitta-Leena , Poikkeus Anna-Maija , Heikkilä Mirva , Husu Jukka , Laine Anu , Lappalainen Kristiina , Lähteenmäki Marko , Mikkilä-Erdmann Mirjamaija , Warinowski Anu ,   in collaboration with, Iiskala Tuike , Hangelin Sanna , Harmoinen Sari , Holmström Anni , Kyrö-Ämmälä Outi , Lehesvuori Sami , Mankki Ville , Suvilehto Pirjo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the present study, we aimed to specify the key competence domains perceived to be critical for the teaching profession and depict them as a comprehensive teacher competence model. An expert panel that included representatives from seven units providing university-based initial teacher education in Finland carried out this process. To produce an active construction of a shared understanding and an interpretation of the discourse in the field, the experts reviewed literature on teaching. The resulting teacher competence model, the multidimensional adapted process model of teaching (MAP), represents a collective conception of the relevant empirical literature and prevailing discourses on teaching. The MAP is based on Blömeke et al.’s, Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 223, 3–13, (2015) model which distinguishes among teacher competences (referring to effective performance of teachers’ work), competencies (knowledge, skills, and other individual competencies underlying and enabling effective teaching), and situation-specific skills of perceiving, interpreting, and making decisions in situations involving teaching and learning. The implications of the MAP for teacher education and student selection for initial teacher education are discussed.
Asymptotic Behavior of Ground States and Local Uniqueness for Fractional Schrödinger Equations with Nearly Critical Growth
Authors: Cassani Daniele , Wang Youjun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe study quantitative aspects and concentration phenomena for ground states of the following nonlocal Schrödinger equation
$(-{\Delta })^{s} u+V(x)u= u^{2_{s}^{*}-1-\epsilon } \ \ \text {in}\ \ \mathbb {R}^{N},$

(
−
Δ
)

s

u
+
V
(
x
)
u
=

u

2

s

∗

−
1
−
𝜖

in

ℝ

N

,
where 𝜖 > 0, s ∈ (0,1), $2^{*}_{s}:=\frac {2N}{N-2s}$

2

s

∗

:
=

2
N

N
−
2
s

and N > 4s, as we deal with finite energy solutions. We show that the ground state u𝜖 blows up and precisely with the following rate $\|u_{\epsilon }\|_{L^{\infty }(\mathbb {R}^{N})}\sim \epsilon ^{-\frac {N-2s}{4s}}$
∥

u

𝜖

∥

L

∞

(

ℝ

N

)

∼

𝜖

−

N
−
2
s

4
s

, as $\epsilon \rightarrow 0^{+}$
𝜖
→

0

+

. We also localize the concentration points and, in the case of radial potentials V, we prove local uniqueness of sequences of ground states which exhibit a concentrating behavior.
Those Who Pay the Piper Calls the Tune: Meta-Organisation and Capacities of the Third Sector in Migration Policies
Authors: Čada Karel , Numerato Dino , Hoření Karina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the changing landscape of migration policy work conducted by civil society organisations (CSOs) in the Czech Republic. We focus on how funding opportunities affect CSOs’ policy work, long-term planning and everyday practices. Through a qualitative analysis of 15 interviews with representatives of non-governmental organisations and 11 interviews with policy stakeholders, we explored the critical and reflexive strategies adopted by CSOs. A crucial role in developing critical capacity seems to stem from umbrella organisations—organisations whose members are organisations. With respect to CSOs’ strong dependency on the state, umbrella organisations might serve as shields protecting individual organisations from direct conflicts with governmental policies and institutions. In the end, we assume that meta-organisations potentially function as important vehicles for the reflexive development and evolution of organisations and decrease transaction costs for the organisation field.
Fatal anogenital exenteration of the intestine
Authors: Preuss Vanessa , Wöllner Kirsten , Vennemann Benedikt , Fieguth Armin , Hagemeier Lars , Klintschar Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA case of a sadistically motivated homicide with extraordinary injuries is reported. A 32-year-old woman was naked with signs of severe blunt trauma and oral, vaginal and anal penetration. At the crime scene, the intestine lay next to the woman without connection to the body. During the trial before the criminal court, the perpetrator admitted fisting and inserting several objects into the vagina, anus and oral cavity. Moreover, after anal and vaginal insertion of the hands, large parts of the intestine were torn and pulled out through the anus and the vagina. The results of the forensic pathological examination and additional investigation are discussed and compared with the pertinent literature. This extraordinary case of a sadistically motivated homicide ended with a final judgment that is extremely rare in German jurisdiction.
Follow *the* science? On the marginal role of the social sciences in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lohse Simon , Canali Stefano 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we use the case of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe to address the question of what kind of knowledge we should incorporate into public health policy. We show that policy-making during the COVID-19 pandemic has been biomedicine-centric in that its evidential basis marginalised input from non-biomedical disciplines. We then argue that in particular the social sciences could contribute essential expertise and evidence to public health policy in times of biomedical emergencies and that we should thus strive for a tighter integration of the social sciences in future evidence-based policy-making. This demand faces challenges on different levels, which we identify and discuss as potential inhibitors for a more pluralistic evidential basis.
Drug target inference by mining transcriptional data using a novel graph convolutional network framework
Authors: Zhong Feisheng , Wu Xiaolong , Yang Ruirui , Li Xutong , Wang Dingyan , Fu Zunyun , Liu Xiaohong , Wan XiaoZhe , Yang Tianbiao , Fan Zisheng , Zhang Yinghui , Luo Xiaomin , Chen Kaixian , Zhang Sulin , Jiang Hualiang , Zheng Mingyue 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA fundamental challenge that arises in biomedicine is the need to characterize compounds in a relevant cellular context in order to reveal potential on-target or off-target effects. Recently, the fast accumulation of gene transcriptional profiling data provides us an unprecedented opportunity to explore the protein targets of chemical compounds from the perspective of cell transcriptomics and RNA biology. Here, we propose a novel Siamese spectral-based graph convolutional network (SSGCN) model for inferring the protein targets of chemical compounds from gene transcriptional profiles. Although the gene signature of a compound perturbation only provides indirect clues of the interacting targets, and the biological networks under different experiment conditions further complicate the situation, the SSGCN model was successfully trained to learn from known compound-target pairs by uncovering the hidden correlations between compound perturbation profiles and gene knockdown profiles. On a benchmark set and a large time-split validation dataset, the model achieved higher target inference accuracy as compared to previous methods such as Connectivity Map. Further experimental validations of prediction results highlight the practical usefulness of SSGCN in either inferring the interacting targets of compound, or reversely, in finding novel inhibitors of a given target of interest.
YTHDF1 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells by regulating TRIM44
Authors: Li Weijian , Chen Gaohuang , Feng Zhenyu , Zhu Baoyi , Zhou Lilin , Zhang Yuying , Mai Junyan , Jiang Chonghe , Zeng Jianwen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men. YTHDF1 may play an important role in promoting PCa progression, but there is no reports to date on YTHDF1 function in PCa.

Objective
This study explored whether YTHDF1 could regulate TRIM44 in PCa cells.

Methods
By querying the TCGA database, we evaluated YTHDF1 expression in PCa, the OS and DFS of YTHDF1, and the correlation between YTHDF1 and TRIM44 in PCa. We constructed vectors to interfere with YTHDF1 expression and overexpress TRIM44 to examine the role of YTHDF1 and TRIM44 in PCa cells. Differentially expressed mRNAs were identified by mRNA sequencing. The levels of YTHDF1, TRIM44, LGR4, SGTA, DDX20, and FZD8 were measured by qRT-PCR and WB was used to determine YTHDF1 and TRIM44 expression. A CCK-8 assay was used to assess cell proliferation. A Transwell chamber assay was used measure cell migration and invasion ability.

Results
YTHDF1 was highly expressed in both Pca tissues and cells. PCa patient prognosis with high YTHDF1 expression was relatively poor. Cell function experiments showed that inhibiting YTHDF1 expression decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that YTHDF1 may promote PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by modulating TRIM44 expression. Cell function experiments further verified that YTHDF1 promoted PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating TRIM44.

Conclusions
YTHDF1 enhances PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating TRIM44.
Ultra-processed Foods, Weight Gain, and Co-morbidity Risk
Authors: Crimarco Anthony , Landry Matthew J. , Gardner Christopher D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the available data regarding the associations of Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with food intake and possible underlying mechanisms relating UPF consumption to weight gain and co-morbidities.

Recent Findings

In primarily observational studies, UPF consumption is consistently associated with an increased risk for weight gain among adults and children and increased risk for adiposity-related co-morbidities in adults. In a single mechanistic study, consumption of UPFs led to increased energy intake and weight gain relative to whole foods.

Summary

UPFs tend to be more energy-dense than nutrient-dense, and UPF consumption is associated with increased adiposity and co-morbidity risk. These data suggest that recommendations to limit UPF consumption may be beneficial to health — though further mechanistic studies are needed.
Prozess- und strukturorientierte Klassenführungsmaßnahmen von Lehrpersonen im Anfangsunterricht – Ergebnisse zur zeitlichen Stabilität von Beobachterratings innerhalb und zwischen 90-minütigen Unterrichtseinheiten
Authors: Gabriel-Busse Katrin , Jentsch Armin , Lipowsky Frank 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Erfassung des Unterrichtsqualitätsmerkmals Klassenführung durch Beobachterratings wurde in den letzten Jahren vor allem im Rahmen von Studien in der Sekundarstufe viel Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt. Hier liegt ausreichend Evidenz für eine eher geringe bis moderate Variabilität der Klassenführung zwischen mehreren Unterrichtsstunden gemessen im Abstand von wenigen Wochen und Monaten vor. Bislang kaum untersucht wurde die Frage nach der Variabilität der Klassenführung innerhalb von Unterrichtseinheiten (Doppelstunden), d. h. innerhalb von inhaltlich und methodisch aufeinander aufbauenden Unterrichtsstunden, die zeitlich direkt nacheinander beobachtet wurden. Des Weiteren liegen keine Studien vor, in denen die zeitliche Stabilität einzelner Klassenführungsmerkmale auf Itemebene (prozess- versus strukturorientierte Maßnahmen der Klassenführung) für den Anfangsunterricht der Grundschule untersucht wurde. Die hier dargestellte Studie knüpft an diese Desiderate an und untersucht die Stabilität einzelner Klassenführungsmerkmale sowohl innerhalb von 90-minütigen Unterrichtseinheiten als auch über zwei im Abstand von 12 Monaten beobachteten Unterrichtseinheiten. Die Klassenführung wurde von 21 Lehrpersonen im 1. und 2. Schuljahr jeweils zwei Mal in einer Doppelstunde (jeweils nach 45 Minuten) videobasiert erfasst. Zwei geschulte Beobachter/innen schätzten unabhängig voneinander sechs Klassenführungsmerkmale (prozess- vs. strukturorientierte Merkmale) reliabel ein. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf Unterschiede in der Variabilität zwischen prozess- und strukturorientierten Klassenführungsmerkmalen innerhalb der 90-minütigen Unterrichtseinheiten. Eine große Variabilität in den Beobachterratings zur Klassenführung zeigt sich – wie erwartet – zwischen 12 Monate auseinanderliegen Unterrichtseinheiten. Die Befunde werden im Zusammenhang mit der Wahl der Analyseebene (Item- vs. Skalenebene) und der Konzeptualisierung der Klassenführung im Anfangsunterricht diskutiert.
Distinguishing regular and singular black holes in modified gravity
Authors: Demyanova Aleksandra , Rayimbaev Javlon , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon , Han Wenbiao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper is devoted to investigate the possible ways of distinguishing regular and singular black holes (BHs) in modified gravity (MOG) called regular MOG (RMOG) and Schwarzschild MOG (SMOG) BHs through observational data from twin peak quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) which are generated by test particles in stable orbits around the BHs. The presence of MOG field causes to sufficiently the mpeak in effective potential for a radial motion of test particles. The effect of MOG parameter on specific angular momentum and energy has also studied. As a main part of the paper, we focus on investigations of QPOs around SMOG and RMOG BHs in RP model and the relations of upper and lower frequencies of twin peak QPOs in SMOG and RMOG BH models together with extreme rotating Kerr and Schwarzschild BH. Moreover, possible parameters for the central BHs of the objects GRS J1915 + 105 and XTE 1550 – 564 have also obtained numerically in the relativistic precession (RP) model. Finally, we provide comparisons of the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) and the orbits where twin peak QPOs with the ratio 3:2 taken place and show that QPOs can not be generated at/inside ISCO and there is a correlation between the radius of ISCO and QPO orbits.
Prenatal Diagnosis of 8p23 Deletion Syndrome by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Microarray
Authors: Kaymak Didem , Alpay Verda , Başıbüyük Zafer , Davutoğlu Ebru Alıcı , Madazlı Riza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract8p23 deletion syndrome is characterized by congenital heart disease, diaphragmatic hernia, growth restriction, microcephaly, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and abnormal genitalia. Prenatal findings are generally related to abnormal ultrasound findings and few cases have been reported in the literature. We present the prenatal diagnosis of 8p23 deletion syndrome with sonographic features of fetal growth restriction, short long bones, increased right ventricular wall thickness and small ventricular dimensions without an obvious structural fetal heart anomaly. The deletion size of the present case was one of the largest reported prenatally with a 10.8 MB deletion in the 8p23.3p23.1 region that did not include the critical GATA4 gene. The large deletion in our case included the SOX7, Tankyrase 1 (TNKS) and Microcephalin 1 (MCPH 1) genes. We assume that classical phenotypic features of micrognathia, low-set ears, flat and broad nasal bridge that we observed in our case may be due to these deletions. Microarray analysis of the chromosomes should be performed to diagnose chromosome aberrations such as 8p23 deletion syndrome in obscure ultrasonographic findings prenatally.
Production and Subsequent Forming of Chip-Based Aluminium Sheets Without Remelting
Authors: Schulze André , Hering Oliver , Tekkaya A. Erman 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBent components and deep drawn cups are produced by direct usage of aluminium chips without melting following a new process chain: hot extrusion of aluminium chips to a cylindrical open profile, flattening, subsequent rolling and bending or deep drawing. The properties of the hot extruded chip-based AA6060 sheets are examined by tensile tests and microstructural investigations and the results are compared with those obtained from material extruded from conventional cast billets. The chip-based sheets were used to form components by bending or deep drawing. No significant differences between the bent components or deep-drawn cups made of chips and those from cast material are observed regarding their capability for further plastic forming operations. This makes the new process route a resource-efficient alternative for the production of aluminium sheet products.
Categorizing white blood cells by utilizing deep features of proposed 4B-AdditionNet-based CNN network with ant colony optimization
Authors: Shahzad Asim , Raza Mudassar , Shah Jamal Hussain , Sharif Muhammad , Nayak Ramesh Sunder 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhite blood cells, WBCs for short, are an essential component of the human immune system. These cells are our body's first line of defense against infections and diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi, as well as abnormal and external substances that may enter the bloodstream. A wrong WBC count can signify dangerous viral infections, autoimmune disorders, cancer, sarcoidosis, aplastic anemia, leukemia, tuberculosis, etc. A lot of these diseases and disorders can be extremely painful and often result in death. Leukemia is among the more common types of blood cancer and when left undetected leads to death. An early diagnosis is necessary which is possible by looking at the shapes and determining the numbers of young and immature WBCs to see if they are normal or not. Performing this task manually is a cumbersome, expensive, and time-consuming process for hematologists, and therefore computer-aided systems have been developed to help with this problem. This paper proposes an improved method of classification of WBCs utilizing a combination of preprocessing, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), feature selection algorithms, and classifiers. In preprocessing, contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) is applied to the input images. A CNN is designed and trained to be used for feature extraction along with ResNet50 and EfficientNetB0 networks. Ant colony optimization is used to select the best features which are then serially fused and passed onto classifiers such as support vector machine (SVM) and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) for classification. The classification accuracy achieved on the Blood Cell Images dataset is 98.44%, which shows the robustness of the proposed work.
Design of an unmanned aircraft system for high-altitude 1 kW fuel cell power system
Authors: Reid William A. , Albayati Ibrahim M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is particularly considered as a prime power supply for a fuel cell-powered unmanned aircraft system (UAS) as it possesses a very high-power density in comparison with other fuel cell types, hence a high potential to be used for high altitude long endurance (HALE) UAS flights. This paper will focus on examining the design requirements for the UAS-based 1 kW PEM fuel cell for high altitude operation (10–11 km), which can be correlated into a quantitative data to produce a design constraints diagram. The maximum take-off mass, endurance, and geometries for potential UAS design are estimated. Four different geometrical design profiles are developed and presented. The resulting geometries are analysed and the design parameters of the estimated 1 kW design yielded an aircraft of maximum take-off mass 34.8 kg, wingspan of 10.4 m, cruising speed 20 m/s, stall speed 11.23 m/s, and maximum endurance of 4 h. The constraint diagram deploys these assumptions as well as values generated through the design calculations to form a possible design of which the 1 kW UAS falls slightly outside of the possible design space; this is due to the minimum thrust-to-weight ratio required to achieve the desired service ceiling; however, further alterations and adjustments on the design and mission requirements are provided to place the design of the UAS within the possible design space.
Distributional effects of technological regime changes: hysteresis, concentration and inequality dynamics
Authors: Dawid Herbert , Hepp Jasper 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the effect of different types of technological regime changes on the evolution of industry concentration and wage inequality. Using a calibrated agent-based macroeconomic framework, the Eurace@Unibi model, we consider scenarios where the new regime is characterized by a finite time period of more frequent respectively more substantial changes in the frontier technology compared to the old regime. We show that under both scenarios, the regime change leads to an increase in the heterogeneity of productivity in the firm population and to increased market concentration, where effects are much less pronounced if the new regime differs from the old one with respect to the frequency of innovations. If the new regime is characterized by an increase of the size of the frontier jumps along the technological trajectory, the evolution of the wage inequality has an inverted U-shape with a large fraction of workers profiting in the very long run from high wages offered by dominant high-tech firms. Finally, it is shown that (observable) heterogeneity of worker skills plays an important role in generating these dynamic effects of technological regime changes.
Reductions in inpatient fluoroquinolone use and postdischarge Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) from a systemwide antimicrobial stewardship intervention
Authors: Jones K. Ashley , Onwubiko Udodirim N. , Kubes Julianne , Albrecht Benjamin , Paciullo Kristen , Howard-Anderson Jessica , Suchindran Sujit , Trible Ronald , Jacob Jesse T. , Yi Sarah H. , Goodenough Dana , Fridkin Scott K. , Sexton Mary Elizabeth , Wiley Zanthia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective:
To determine the impact of an inpatient stewardship intervention targeting fluoroquinolone use on inpatient and postdischarge Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI).

Design:
We used an interrupted time series study design to evaluate the rate of hospital-onset CDI (HO-CDI), postdischarge CDI (PD-CDI) within 12 weeks, and inpatient fluoroquinolone use from 2 years prior to 1 year after a stewardship intervention.

Setting:
An academic healthcare system with 4 hospitals.

Patients:
All inpatients hospitalized between January 2017 and September 2020, excluding those discharged from locations caring for oncology, bone marrow transplant, or solid-organ transplant patients.

Intervention:
Introduction of electronic order sets designed to reduce inpatient fluoroquinolone prescribing.

Results:
Among 163,117 admissions, there were 683 cases of HO-CDI and 1,104 cases of PD-CDI. In the context of a 2% month-to-month decline starting in the preintervention period (P < .01), we observed a reduction in fluoroquinolone days of therapy per 1,000 patient days of 21% after the intervention (level change, P < .05). HO-CDI rates were stable throughout the study period. In contrast, we also detected a change in the trend of PD-CDI rates from a stable monthly rate in the preintervention period to a monthly decrease of 2.5% in the postintervention period (P < .01).

Conclusions:
Our systemwide intervention reduced inpatient fluoroquinolone use immediately, but not HO-CDI. However, a downward trend in PD-CDI occurred. Relying on outcome measures limited to the inpatient setting may not reflect the full impact of inpatient stewardship efforts.