bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supply chain risk mitigation strategies during COVID-19: exploratory cases of “make-to-order” handloom saree apparel industries
Authors: Dohale Vishwas , Ambilkar Priya , Gunasekaran Angappa , Verma Priyanka 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThis study attempts to identify the supply chain risks (SCRs) induced during the COVID-19 disruption in an Indian handloom saree industry and determine suitable risk mitigation strategies (RMSs) to overcome the impact of the epidemic disruption.Design/methodology/approachThis work determined 11 SCRs through an extensive literature review in the context of the handloom apparel industry and validated through the experts. Further, a multiple case-based approach is used in this research. Within case and cross-case analyses of four relevant Indian handloom “make-to-order” saree manufacturing firms are conducted to determine the severity of the SCRs considering the pandemic situations to identify appropriate strategies to mitigate the shock of SCRs.FindingsThis study identified the critical SCRs in the context of the Indian handloom “make-to-order” saree industries that emerged during the COVID-19 and proposed a risk mitigation strategy matrix (RMSM) to address the SCRs based on their criticality and predictability dimensions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides a novel contribution to the body of knowledge on supply chain risk management (SCRM) in the form of the RMSM tool. Supply chain managers from the different sectors can extend the proposed RMSM to overcome the SCRs. Multiple case analyses facilitate supply chain professionals working in handloom apparel industries to benchmark and adopt the proposed RMSs in their firm.Originality/valueThis research is one of its kind that carried exploratory investigation of the handloom apparel industry cases to assess and determine the strategies for mitigating the SCRs caused during a pandemic outbreak.
Hedging, managerial ownership and firm value
Authors: Zamzamir@Zamzamin Zaminor , Haron Razali , Othman Anwar Hasan Abdullah 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of derivatives as risk management strategy on the value of Malaysian firms. This study also examines the interaction effect between derivatives and managerial ownership on firm value.Design/methodology/approachThe study examines 200 nonfinancial firms engaged in derivatives for the period 2012–2017 using the generalized method of moments (GMM) to establish the influence of derivatives and managerial ownership on firm value. The study refers to two related theories (hedging theory and managerial aversion theory) to explain its findings. Firm value is measured using Tobin's Q with return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) as robustness checks.FindingsThe study found evidence on the positive influence of derivatives on firm value as proposed by the hedging theory. However, the study concludes that managers less hedge when they owned more shares based on the negative interaction between derivatives and managerial ownership on firm value. Hedging decision among managers in Malaysian firms therefore does not subscribe to the managerial aversion theory.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focuses on the derivatives (foreign currency derivatives, interest rate derivatives and commodity derivatives) and managerial ownership that is deemed relevant and important to the Malaysian firms. Other forms of ownership such as state-/foreign owned and institutional ownership are not covered in this study.Practical implicationsThis study has important implications to managers and investors. First is on the importance of risk management using derivatives to increase firm value, second, the influence of derivatives and managerial ownership on firm value and finally, the quality reporting on derivatives exposure by firms in line with the required accounting standard.Originality/valueThere is limited empirical evidence on the impact of derivatives on firm value as well as the influence of managerial ownership on hedging decisions of Malaysian firms. This study analyzes the influence of derivatives on firm value during the period in which reporting on derivatives in financial reports is made mandatory by the Malaysian regulator, hence avoiding data inaccuracy unlike the previous studies on Malaysia. This study therefore fills the gap in the literature in relation to the risk management strategies using derivatives in Malaysia.
Virtual currencies as a quasi-payment tool: the case of frequent-flier programs and money laundering
Authors: Goldbarsht Doron 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the various characteristics of frequent-flier programs and the threats they pose to the Australian anti-money laundering regime.

Design/methodology/approach
A thorough literature review was conducted on frequent-flier programs and the associated money-laundering threats. Money laundering (ML) risks were identified in relation to the three stages of ML and effective law enforcement.

Findings
The findings indicate that as ML continues to gravitate towards the weaknesses in the financial system, frequent-flier programs provide yet another avenue for criminals to exploit. The risk factors associated with frequent-flier programs – specifically, anonymity, elusiveness, the rapidity of transactions occurring in a digital environment, ambiguity regarding responsibility for compliance, the global network of participants and members, difficulty in accessing records and an overall lack of oversight – were all integral considerations in establishing the ML risks of such programs.

Practical implications
The global environment in which individuals conduct financial transactions continues to evolve rapidly, exacerbating ML risks for regulators and governments alike. Unless there are globally unified efforts to heighten awareness, the threats posed by virtual currency will increase at a rapid rate. With this in mind, the starting point of this paper is an attempt to analyse the ML risks pursuant to frequent-flier programs in Australia.

Originality/value
The findings from this study can be used to gain greater insights into frequent-flier programs and can have broader application for evaluating other similarly structured loyalty programs, both in Australia and globally. Additionally, the findings from the study can enhance overall awareness of the ever-increasing threat to global financial integrity through the expansion of virtual currency.
Servant leadership and mistreatment at the workplace: mediation of trust and moderation of ethical climate
Authors: Haq Inam Ul , Raja Usman , Alam Imtiaz , De Clercq Dirk , Saleem Sharjeel 
Published: April 2021

PurposeWith a foundation in social exchange theory, this study examines the relationship between servant leadership and three types of workplace mistreatment – bullying, incivility and ostracism – while also considering a mediating role of trust in the leader and a moderating role of the ethical climate.Design/methodology/approachThree time-lagged sets of data (N = 431) were collected among employees working in various sectors.FindingsServant leadership relates significantly to trust in the leader, as well as to workplace bullying, incivility and ostracism. In turn, trust in the leader mediates the relationship between servant leadership and all three types of workplace mistreatment. The results also indicate the presence of moderated mediation, in that the indirect effect of servant leadership on workplace mistreatment is moderated by the ethical climate.Originality/valueThis study adds to extant research by examining the mediating mechanism of trust in leaders with servant leadership and workplace mistreatment, along with interactive effects of ethical climate.
Energetic constraints imposed on trophic interaction strengths enhance resilience in empirical and model food webs
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Yang Wei , Gaedke Ursula , de Ruiter Peter C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Food web stability and resilience are at the heart of understanding the structure and functioning of ecosystems. Previous studies show that models of empirical food webs are substantially more stable than random ones, due to a few strong interactions embedded in a majority of weak interactions. Analyses of trophic interaction loops show that in empirical food webs the patterns of the interaction strengths prevent the occurrence of destabilizing heavy loops and thereby enhances resilience. Yet, it is still unexplored which biological mechanisms cause these patterns that enhance food web resilience.

We quantified food web resilience using the real part of the maximum eigenvalue of the Jacobian matrix of the food web from a seagrass bed in the Yellow River Delta (YRD) wetland, that could be parametrized by the empirical data of the food web.

We found that the empirically based Jacobian matrix of the YRD food web indicated a much higher resilience than random matrices with the same element values but arranged in random ways. Investigating the trophic interaction loops revealed that the high resilience was due to a negative correlation between the negative and positive interaction strengths (per capita top‐down and bottom‐up effects, respectively) within positive feedback loops with three species. The negative correlation showed that when the negative interaction strengths were strong the positive was weak, and vice versa.

Our invented reformulation of loop weight in terms of biomasses and specific production rates showed that energetic properties of the trophic groups in the loop and mass‐balance constraints, for example, the food uptake has to balance all losses, created the negative correlation between the interaction strengths. This result could be generalized using a dynamic intraguild predation model, which delivered the same pattern for a wide range of model parameters.

Our results shed light on how energetic constraints at the trophic group and food web level create a pattern of interaction strengths within trophic interaction loops that enhances food web resilience.
An equivalence analysis of provider education in youth mental health care
Authors: McGuier Elizabeth A. , Rothenberger Scott D. , Friedman Abbey , Kolko David J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo test for equivalence between providers with and without advanced degrees in multiple domains related to delivery of evidence‐based treatment.Data SourceProvider and client data from an effectiveness trial of Alternatives for Families: A Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (AF‐CBT) in a major metropolitan area in the United States.Study DesignWe tested for equivalence between providers (N = 182) with and without advanced degrees in treatment‐related knowledge, practices, and attitudes; job demands and stress; and training engagement and trainer‐rated competence in AF‐CBT. We also conducted exploratory analyses to test for equivalence in family clinical outcomes.Data CollectionProviders completed measures prior to randomization and at 6‐month follow‐up, after completion of training and consultation in AF‐CBT. Children and caregivers completed assessments at 0, 6, 12, and 18 months.Principal FindingsProviders without advanced degrees were largely non‐inferior to those with advanced degrees in treatment‐related knowledge, practices, and attitudes, while findings for job demands and stress were mixed. Providers without advanced degrees were non‐inferior to providers with advanced degrees in consultation attendance (B = −1.42; confidence interval (CI) = −3.01‐0.16; margin of equivalence (Δ) = 2), number of case presentations (B = 0.64; CI = −0.49‐1.76; Δ = 2), total training hours (B = −4.57; CI = −10.52‐1.37; Δ = 3), and trainer‐rated competence in AF‐CBT (B = −0.04; CI = −3.04‐2.96; Δ = 4), and they were significantly more likely to complete training (odds ratio = 0.66; CI = 0.10‐0.96; Δ = 30%). Results for clinical outcomes were largely inconclusive.ConclusionsProvider‐level outcomes for those with and without advanced degrees were generally comparable. Additional research is needed to examine equivalence in clinical outcomes. Expanding evidence‐based treatment training to individuals without advanced degrees may help to reduce workforce shortages and improve reach of evidence‐based treatments.
Innovations and earnings non‐synchronicity: evidence from industry M&A activities
Authors: Chou Shih‐Chu , Chu Yu‐Fang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates how earnings non‐synchronicity impacts associated with firm‐level research and development (R&D) investment vary as a function of industry‐level mergers and acquisitions (M&A) intensity. Investing in R&D enables firms to differentiate and gain competitive advantages; differentiation strategies increase idiosyncratic variation in firms’ earnings. We introduce an industry‐level contextual variable, industry‐level M&A, to capture variations in innovation novelty. We show that the positive relationship between R&D investment and earnings non‐synchronicity is increasing in the intensity of inside‐industry M&A but not outside‐industry M&A. This is consistent with our conjecture that M&A within an industry facilitate knowledge base expansion and induce more innovative R&D through complementary effects.
Adherence to best practice: Preventing surgical site infection following caesarean section in Australia
Authors: Martin Elizabeth , Beckmann Michael , Blythe Robin , Merollini Katharina , Graves Nicholas 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundSurgical site infection (SSI) following caesarean section is a serious but underreported problem with an estimated incidence of 5–9%. It is essential to identify adherence to established prevention strategies to reduce the incidence rate.AimsThe aims of this study were to quantify unwarranted variation from evidence‐based practice on the prevention of SSI at caesarean section in Australia; and to identify predictors of not implementing an existing infection prevention bundle: pre‐incision antibiotic prophylaxis, vaginal preparation and spontaneous placenta removal.Materials and methodsAn online cross‐sectional survey of obstetricians and obstetric Diplomates was conducted in 2016. The primary outcome was adherence to an existing infection prevention bundle, with demographic and clinical variables predicting adherence through multivariable binary logistic regression.ResultsForty‐nine percent of respondents (response rate 39.6%) reported implementing zero or only one element of the infection prevention bundle. The types of respondents most likely to have poor adherence were Diplomates (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.58), obstetricians practising in private hospitals (aOR 3.34), those usually practising in public and private hospitals (aOR 2.23), and those not usually implementing a surgical safety checklist (aOR 3.77).ConclusionsAdherence to best practice at caesarean section is low among many Australian obstetricians. Infection control practitioners and obstetricians need to collaboratively implement surgical safety checklists at caesarean section, and monitor implementation using process key performance indicators, and audit and feedback. These strategies will reduce unwarranted variation from evidence‐based infection control practice.
Clinical concern for necrotising fasciitis: a review of referrals to plastic surgery units at two tertiary centres
Authors: Sacks Brett , Dela Cruz Giselle , Capstick Robert , Seifman Marc 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of clinical suspicion on the diagnosis of necrotising fasciitis (NF) in two inpatient plastic surgery units.MethodsA multicentre retrospective audit of all referrals of adult patients to the inpatient plastic surgery units of two Melbourne metropolitan tertiary centres from 1 February 2018 to 31 December 2018.ResultsA total of 53 patients (37 male, 16 female) were referred to evaluate for NF. There were 20 patients (37.04%) who underwent operative debridement. Of those, 15 were pre‐operatively suspected of having NF and there were seven confirmed cases of NF (13.21%). Laboratory risk indicator for NF (LRINEC) score ≥ 6 had a statistically significant association with a diagnosis of NF (P = 0.03) and with operative debridement (P = 0.04). The incidence of NF in the cohort where the referrer had clinical concern for NF was 13.21% (P < 0.001) and when the referrer and the plastic surgeon suspected NF was 46.67% (P < 0.001). The number of patients needed to be referred for one case of NF to be diagnosed was 7.58.ConclusionsClinical suspicion of NF is essential for diagnosis and clinicians who suspect NF should not hesitate to refer to the appropriate surgical unit. Prompt review is required of patients in whom NF is clinically suspected as these patients have a 13.21% incidence of NF. The laboratory risk indicator for NF score is not sufficiently specific nor sensitive to exclude or to diagnose NF as a stand‐alone diagnostic tool but may have a role as an adjunct.
Survival outcomes for breast cancer patients who decline recommended treatment: a propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Shingde Rashmi , Salindera Shehnarz , Aherne Noel J. , Millard‐Newton Lee , Houlton Adelene , Sanderson Erica , Bowers Phillipa , Shakespeare Thomas P. , Ross William 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundFor patients with breast cancer who decline recommended treatments, available data examining survival outcomes are sparse. We compared overall survival and relapse‐free survival outcomes between patients with breast cancer who declined recommended primary treatments and those who received recommended primary treatments.MethodsUsing data from the BreastSurgANZ Quality Audit database, a retrospective cohort study was performed for patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma (stage 0–IV) between 2001 and 2014 who were treated in our integrated cancer centre. A propensity score‐matched analysis was performed to compare overall survival and relapse‐free survival between patients who either declined or received the standard recommended treatment.ResultsA total of 56/912 (6.1%) patients declined one or more recommended therapies. Five‐year overall survival for those who declined or received treatment as recommended was 81.8% versus 88.9% (P = 0.17), respectively. Ten‐year survival was 61.3% versus 67.8% (P = 0.22), respectively. For patients who declined treatments, 5‐year relapse‐free survival was 72.4%, compared to 87.4% for those who received them (P = 0.005). Ten‐year relapse‐free survival was 61.0% versus 80.6% (P = 0.002), respectively. On adjusted Cox regression analysis, treatment refusal was associated with poorer relapse‐free survival (adjusted hazard ratio 2.76 (95% confidence interval 1.52–5.00), P < 0.001).ConclusionIn conclusion, patients who declined recommended treatment for breast cancer had poorer relapse‐free survival compared to those who received them. These data may help clinicians assist patients with breast cancer in their decision‐making.
Psychosocial stress and trauma during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Ismail , Mehedi Nafiul , Ahmad Iftakhar , Ali Isahaque , Azman Azlinda 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 outbreak has become a global health crisis affecting both the physical and mental health of people across the world. Likewise, the people of Bangladesh are going through a menacing mental health catastrophe with the outbreak of coronavirus that resulting in stress and trauma. Hence, this situation is altering people's lifestyles and generating complexities in psychological well‐being. The study was based on the review of published articles and media reports related to stress and trauma during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Bangladesh. A total of 10 peer‐reviewed articles and 45 newspaper reports were included following an extensive literature search. The contents were searched on Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, local online newspapers, social networking sites, and different webpages and published articles in different journals on COVID‐19 from March 5 to October 25, 2020. The review study finds that the mental health of people in Bangladesh has severely been affected by the outbreak of coronavirus. All of the government, voluntary, and civil organizations need to give further emphasis on psychosocial and bereavement counseling in order to support those experiencing mental shocks resulting from the COVID‐19 crisis. There is the need to strengthen more consultative and collaborative efforts from all public health experts, social workers, psychologists, and policymakers in doing so. Social workers in this context will be able to make meaningful contributions in supporting those affected people to better adjust to the challenging situation.
Patch testing with sodium disulfite: North American Contact Dermatitis Group experience, 2017 to 2018
Authors: Warshaw Erin M. , Buonomo Michele , DeKoven Joel G. , Atwater Amber R. , Reeder Margo J. , Belsito Donald V. , Silverberg Jonathan I. , Taylor James S. , Maibach Howard I. , Zug Kathryn A. , Sasseville Denis , Fowler Joseph F. , Pratt Melanie D. , DeLeo Vincent A. , Zirwas Matt J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundSodium disulfite (SD), also known as sodium metabisulfite, is an increasingly recognized cause of allergic contact dermatitis.ObjectivesThe objective of this work was to characterize individuals with positive patch test reactions to SD as well as analyse reaction strength, clinical relevance, and sources.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of patients patch tested with SD (1% petrolatum) by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG), 2017 to 2018.ResultsOf 4885 patients patch tested with SD, 132 (2.7%) had a positive reaction. Common primary anatomic sites of dermatitis were face (28.8%), hands (20.5%), and a scattered/generalized distribution (13.6%). Compared with SD‐negative patients, SD‐positive patients were more likely male (odds ratio 2.81, 95% confidence interval 1.98‐4.00) and/or over 40 years (odds ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 1.30‐2.94). Reactions were most commonly + (50.4%) or ++ (34.1%); 65.2% were considered currently relevant. About 15.2% were definitively confirmed in sources, commonly personal care products (18.9%, especially hair dye), and drugs/medications/alcoholic beverages (9.1%). Only 2.3% of positive reactions were linked to occupation.ConclusionsPositive reactions to SD occurred in 2.7% of tested patients. Reactions were often clinically relevant and linked to personal care products and drugs/medications/alcoholic beverages.