bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum-derived exosomes promote CD8+ T cells to overexpress PD-1, affecting the prognosis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Gao Qian , Liu Hui-Ting , Xu Yu-Qin , Zhang Lin , Liu Yuan-Ru , Ren Qianqian , Sheng Ju-ping , Zhang Zhen-Xin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) is associated with a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Immune escape is one of the reasons for the poor prognosis of malignant tumors. Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) have been shown to play important roles in immune escape. However, the role of PD-1/PD-L1 in HPC remains unclear. In this experiment, we investigated the effect of exosomes from HPC patient serum on CD8+ T cell function and PD-1/PD-L1 expression and, thus, on prognosis. We hope to provide guidance for the identification of new targets for HPC immunotherapy.MethodsPD-1 and CD8 expression in 71 HPC tissues and 16 paracarcinoma tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Concurrently, the clinicopathological data of the patients were obtained to conduct correlation analysis. Exosomes were isolated from serum and then identified by Western blotting (WB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Flow cytometry was used to assess the activity of CD8+ T cells after exosome stimulation. The effects of exosomes on the ability of CD8+ T cells to kill FaDu cells were assessed by CCK-8 assay. The expression of IL-10 and TGF-β1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PD-L1 expression in HPC tissue samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between PD-1/PD-L1 expression and prognosis was investigated with patient specimens.ResultsPD-1 expression was significantly upregulated on CD8+ T cells in tumor tissues compared with those in normal tissues. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of PD-1-overexpressing patients were decreased. Serum exosomes from patients can elevate PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells and suppress their killing capacity and secretory function. The rate of positive PD-L1 expression was increased in HPC tissues compared with paracancerous tissues. The DFS and OS of the PD-1(+)-PD-L1(+) group were significantly lower than those of the PD-1(−)-PD-L1(−) group.ConclusionOur findings indicate that serum exosomes from HPC patients can inhibit CD8+ T cell function and that the PD-1-PD-L1 pathway plays an important role in the immune escape of HPC. Exosomes combined with immunotherapy may guide the treatment of patients with advanced disease in the future.
Malaria Trigram: improving the visualization of recurrence data for malaria elimination
Authors: de Morais Cleber Matos , de Carvalho Monteiro Kayo Henrique , Brito-Sousa Jose Diego , Monteiro Wuelton Marcelo , Sampaio Vanderson Souza , Endo Patricia Takako , Kelner Judith 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Although considerable success in reducing the incidence of malaria has been achieved in Brazil in recent years, an increase in the proportion of cases caused by the harder-to-eliminate Plasmodium vivax parasite can be noted. Recurrences in P. vivax malaria cases are due to new mosquito-bite infections, drug resistance or especially from relapses arising from hypnozoites. As such, new innovative surveillance strategies are needed. The aim of this study was to develop an infographic visualization tool to improve individual-level malaria surveillance focused on malaria elimination in the Brazilian Amazon.

Methods
Action Research methodology was employed to deal with the complex malaria surveillance problem in the Amazon region. Iterative cycles were used, totalling four cycles with a formal validation of an operational version of the Malaria Trigram tool at the end of the process. Further probabilistic data linkage was carried out so that information on the same patients could be linked, allowing for follow-up analysis since the official system was not planned in such way that includes this purpose.

Results
An infographic user interface was developed for the Malaria Trigram that incorporates all the visual and descriptive power of the Trigram concept. It is a multidimensional and interactive historical representation of malaria cases per patient over time and provides visual input to decision-makers on recurrences of malaria.

Conclusions
The Malaria Trigram is aimed to help public health professionals and policy makers to recognise and analyse different types of patterns in malaria events, including recurrences and reinfections, based on the current Brazilian health surveillance system, the SIVEP-Malária system, with no additional primary data collection or change in the current process. By using the Malaria Trigram, it is possible to plan and coordinate interventions for malaria elimination that are integrated with other parallel actions in the Brazilian Amazon region, such as vector control management, effective drug and vaccine deployment strategies.
Cell surface sphingomyelin: key role in cancer initiation, progression, and immune evasion
Authors: Tallima Hatem , Azzazy Hassan M. E. , El Ridi Rashika 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCell surface biochemical changes, notably excessive increase in outer leaflet sphingomyelin (SM) content, are important in cancer initiation, growth, and immune evasion. Innumerable reports describe methods to initiate, promote, or enhance immunotherapy of clinically detected cancer, notwithstanding the challenges, if not impossibility, of identification of tumor-specific, or associated antigens, the lack of tumor cell surface membrane expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I alpha and β2 microglobulin chains, and lack of expression or accessibility of Fas and other natural killer cell immune checkpoint molecules. Conversely, SM synthesis and hydrolysis are increasingly implicated in initiation of carcinogenesis and promotion of metastasis. Surface membrane SM readily forms inter- and intra- molecular hydrogen bond network, which excessive tightness would impair cell-cell contact inhibition, inter- and intra-cellular signals, metabolic pathways, and susceptibility to host immune cells and mediators. The present review aims at clarifying the tumor immune escape mechanisms, which face common immunotherapeutic approaches, and attracting attention to an entirely different, neglected, key aspect of tumorigenesis associated with biochemical changes in the cell surface that lead to failure of contact inhibition, an instrumental tumorigenesis mechanism. Additionally, the review aims to provide evidence for surface membrane SM levels and roles in cells resistance to death, failure to respond to growth suppressor signals, and immune escape, and to suggest possible novel approaches to cancer control and cure.
Gain of Function of Malate Dehydrogenase 2 and Familial Hyperglycemia
Authors: Jungtrakoon Thamtarana Prapaporn , Marucci Antonella , Pannone Luca , Bonnefond Amélie , Pezzilli Serena , Biagini Tommaso , Buranasupkajorn Patinut , Hastings Timothy , Mendonca Christine , Marselli Lorella , Di Paola Rosa , Abubakar Zuroida , Mercuri Luana , Alberico Federica , Flex Elisabetta , Ceròn Julian , Porta-de-la-Riva Montserrat , Ludovico Ornella , Carella Massimo , Martinelli Simone , Marchetti Piero , Mazza Tommaso , Froguel Philippe , Trischitta Vincenzo , Doria Alessandro , Prudente Sabrina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractContextGenes causing familial forms of diabetes mellitus are only partially known.ObjectiveWe set out to identify the genetic cause of hyperglycemia in multigenerational families with an apparent autosomal dominant form of adult-onset diabetes not due to mutations in known monogenic diabetes genes.MethodsExisting whole-exome sequencing (WES) data were used to identify exonic variants segregating with diabetes in 60 families from the United States and Italy. Functional studies were carried out in vitro (transduced MIN6-K8 cells) and in vivo (Caenorhabditis elegans) to assess the diabetogenic potential of 2 variants in the malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2) gene linked with hyperglycemia in 2 of the families.ResultsA very rare mutation (p.Arg52Cys) in MDH2 strongly segregated with hyperglycemia in 1 family from the United States. An infrequent MDH2 missense variant (p.Val160Met) also showed disease cosegregation in a family from Italy, although with reduced penetrance. In silico, both Arg52Cys and Val160Met were shown to affect MDH2 protein structure and function. In transfected HepG2 cells, both variants significantly increased MDH2 enzymatic activity, thereby decreasing the NAD+/NADH ratio—a change known to affect insulin signaling and secretion. Stable expression of human wild-type MDH2 in MIN6-K8 cell lines enhanced glucose- and GLP-1-stimulated insulin secretion. This effect was blunted by the Cys52 or Met160 substitutions. Nematodes carrying equivalent changes at the orthologous positions of the mdh-2 gene showed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.ConclusionOur findings suggest a central role of MDH2 in human glucose homeostasis and indicate that gain of function variants in this gene may be involved in the etiology of familial forms of diabetes.
Isoform-specific Roles of Prolyl Hydroxylases in the Regulation of Pancreatic β-Cell Function
Authors: Hoang Monica , Jentz Emelien , Janssen Sarah M , Nasteska Daniela , Cuozzo Federica , Hodson David J , Tupling A Russell , Fong Guo-Hua , Joseph Jamie W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells can secrete insulin via 2 pathways characterized as KATP channel -dependent and -independent. The KATP channel–independent pathway is characterized by a rise in several potential metabolic signaling molecules, including the NADPH/NADP+ ratio and α-ketoglutarate (αKG). Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs), which belong to the αKG-dependent dioxygenase superfamily, are known to regulate the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor α. In the current study, we assess the role of PHDs in vivo using the pharmacological inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and generated β-cell-specific knockout (KO) mice for all 3 isoforms of PHD (β-PHD1 KO, β-PHD2 KO, and β-PHD3 KO mice). DMOG inhibited in vivo insulin secretion in response to glucose challenge and inhibited the first phase of insulin secretion but enhanced the second phase of insulin secretion in isolated islets. None of the β-PHD KO mice showed any significant in vivo defects associated with glucose tolerance and insulin resistance except for β-PHD2 KO mice which had significantly increased plasma insulin during a glucose challenge. Islets from both β-PHD1 KO and β-PHD3 KO had elevated β-cell apoptosis and reduced β-cell mass. Isolated islets from β-PHD1 KO and β-PHD3 KO had impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose-stimulated increases in the ATP/ADP and NADPH/NADP+ ratio. All 3 PHD isoforms are expressed in β-cells, with PHD3 showing the most distinct expression pattern. The lack of each PHD protein did not significantly impair in vivo glucose homeostasis. However, β-PHD1 KO and β-PHD3 KO mice had defective β-cell mass and islet insulin secretion, suggesting that these mice may be predisposed to developing diabetes.
Examining the relationship between food security and perceived health among Memorial University students
Authors: Blundell Lisa , Mathews Maria 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The prevalence of student food insecurity at Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN) is relatively high (58.0%) compared to the national population (12.7%). We explored the relationship between food security status, perceived health, and student experience among MUN students.
Methods: Through an online survey of returning MUN students at the St. John’s campus, we assessed food security using Statistics Canada’s Canadian Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM), and self-reported physical health, mental health, and stress. We used logistic regression to compare health and stress ratings between students of different food security levels. We thematically coded open-ended responses to describe students’ experiences related to food insecurity.
Results: Among the 967 study eligible students, 39.9% were considered food insecure, 28.2% were moderately food insecure, and 11.7% were severely food insecure. After controlling for significant predictors, students who were moderately or severely food insecure were 1.72 [95% CI:(1.20,2.48)] and 2.81 [95% CI:(1.79,4.42)] times as likely to rate their physical health as ‘fair’ or ‘poor’ than food secure students, and 1.66 [95% CI:( 1.22,2.27)] and 4.23 [95% CI: (2.71-6.60] times as likely to rate their mental health as ‘fair’ or ‘poor’ than food secure students, respectively.
Conclusion: Food security level experienced by MUN students was closely related to their perceived physical and mental health. As food security level worsened among participants, their self-reported physical and mental health also worsened. Health professionals working with university student populations should screen for food security and consider its relationship to students’ health.
Analisis Kualitas Audit Syariah Perusahaan JII Tahun 2014-2019
Authors: Nengsih Titin Agustin , Subhan Muhamad , Juliana Juliana 
Published: October 2021

The quality of sharia audit is the provision of services performed by auditors to disclose financial statements that are free from material misstatement either caused by fraud committed by the company manager or the independence of auditors who audit the financial statements based on Islamic rules and principles. The purpose of this study is to analysis of the quality of sharia audit based on education, experience, and independence of auditors on the companies listed in the Jakarta Islamic Index. The population in this study is all companies registered in the Jakarta Islamic Index in 2014 - 2019 with sampling method is according to the specified criteria so the number of samples is 53 companies. The results of Logistic Regression Analysis show that the coefficient of determination obtained as 0.574, it means that 57.4% of the quality of sharia audit quality is influenced by education, experience, and independence of auditors. Furthermore, the auditor’s education and auditor’s experience have no effect on the quality of sharia audit. While the independence of auditors significantly affects the quality of sharia audits.How to Cite:Nengsih, T. A., Subhan, M., & Juliana. (2021). Analisis Kualitas Audit Syariah Perusahaan JII Tahun 2014-2019. Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 14(2), 243-254.
Using UAV for Land Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic and its Post-Pandemic Potential
Authors: Olivatto Tatiane Ferreira , Stanganini Fábio Noel 
Published: October 2021

After more than a year since the first case of COVID-19 in Brazil, some public sectors are still looking for tools to adapt their activities to epidemiological recommendations that require social distancing. Urban planning and territorial management are indispensable activities to the dynamics of cities and, therefore, cannot be interrupted. In this context, this article aims to investigate the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a territorial management tool, focusing on the Urban Technical Registration and Urban Land Regularization. From the case study methodology, it was verified in the experiences and current legislations that features related to property (such as constructions and vertical typology), urban infrastructure (e.g., manholes, sidewalks, lighting poles, hydrants, etc) and environmental aspects (mainly related to vegetation and water resources) need to be mapped for such purposes. We also considered the possibility of acquiring georeferenced and altimetric data. Finally, the use of orthophotos from UAVs has proved feasible for application in public territorial management in the context of epidemiological restrictions of isolation and social distancing imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This tool was also promising in the post-pandemic scenario, as it presents itself as a less invasive solution for property mapping.
Pengembangan Variasi Latihan Teknik Blok Bolavoli untuk Siswa Ekstrakurikuler SMA
Authors: Syarif Muhammad Anwar , Roesdiyanto Roesdiyanto , Widiawati Prisca 
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop variations of volleyball block technique exercises for students of SMA Plus Darussalam. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) using a modified ADDIE step. Based on the results of data analysis from the validation of 3 volleyball coaching experts, a percentage of 83 percent was obtained. From these results it can be concluded that the product developed is feasible to use.
Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan variasi latihan teknik blok bolavoli untuk siswa SMA Plus Darussalam. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan langkah ADDIE yang telah dimodifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dari validasi 3 ahli kepelatihan bolavoli diperoleh persentase sebesar 83 persen. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk yang dikembangkan layak digunakan.
Kondisi Fisik Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Jasmani, Kesehatan dan Rekreasi Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan
Authors: Rochman M. Rifki Zainul , Nurrochmah Siti 
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This study aims to describe and assess the level of ability of the physical condition students of the Physical Education, Health and Recreation (PJKR) class of 2018 off. B Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Malang, the results of data analysis of the 20 meter running speed test are 82.61 percent in the "enough" category, the agility T-test is 78.26 percent in the "enough" category, the zig zag agility test 78.26 percent for the "enough" category. , the muscle explosive power test of the upright jumping leg was 60.87 percent in the "good" category, the muscle explosive power test of the jumping leg of the frog was 60.87 percent in the "good" category, the muscle explosive power test of the arm in throwing the basketball without the prefix 54.35 percent was in the "enough" category , the body flexibility test 58.70 percent in the "good" category, the sit and reach body flexibility test of 54.35 percent in the "sufficient" category, and the static back-up body flexibility test of 54.35 percent including the "good" category. The conclusion of this study is the ability of the physical condition of the students of the Physical Education, Health and Recreation (PJKR) study program class of 2018 off. B, Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Malang, is in the moderate category.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengkaji tingkat kemampuan kondisi fisik mahasiswa prodi Pendidikan Jasmani, Kesehatan dan Rekreasi (PJKR) angkatan tahun 2018 off. B Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Malang diperoleh hasil analisis data tes kecepatan lari 20 meter 82,61 persen kategori “cukup”, tes kelincahan T-test 78,26 persen kategori “cukup”, tes kelincahan zigzag 78,26 persen kategori “cukup”, tes daya ledak otot tungkai loncat tegak 60,87 persen kategori “baik”, tes daya ledak otot tungkai loncat katak 60,87 persen kategori “baik”, tes daya ledak otot lengan lempar bolabasket tanpa awalan 54,35 persen kategori “cukup”, tes kelentukan tubuh kayang 58,70 persen kategori “baik”, tes kelentukan tubuh sit and reach 54,35 persen kategori “cukup”, dan tes kelentukan tubuh back-up tubuh statis 54,35 persen termasuk kategori “baik”. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kemampuan kondisi fisik mahasiswa prodi Pendidikan Jasmani, Kesehatan dan Rekreasi (PJKR) angkatan tahun 2018 off. B Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Malang termasuk dalam kategori cukup.
VARIASI MODEL SUPERVISI PEMBELAJARAN (STUDI KASUS : SD MADINA ISLAMIC SCHOOL, TEBET, JAKARTA SELATAN)
Authors: Syarifah Hidayatus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract (English)
Variations of learning supervision models can improve the quality of education. This research aims to describe the supervision models developed in SD Madina Islamic School. The research used qualitative descriptive-naturalistic approach. Through triangulation of data collection and processing techniques, the findings of research that SD Madina Islamic School combined models of supervision of learning, secretive and spontaneous principles, and has the benefit for habits teachers in learning. Through the mix of curriculum namely DIKNAS, Al-Azhar Cairo, and Cambridge, variations of learning supervision are applied using special assessment criteria, to produce an optimal, directed, and authentic assessment and guidance.

Abstrak (Bahasa Indonesia)
Supervisi pembelajaran yang variatif dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model supervisi yang dikembangkan oleh SD Madina Islamic School. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-naturalistik. Melalui triangulasi teknik pengumpulan dan pengolahan data, didapatkan temuan penelitian bahwa SD Madina Islamic School memadukan model supervisi pembelajaran secara variatif, berprinsip rahasia dan spontanitas, serta bermanfaat habitualiasasi guru dalam pembelajaran. Melalui perpaduan kurikulumnya yakni DIKNAS, Al-Azhar Cairo, dan Cambridge, maka variasi supervisi pembelajaran diterapkan dengan berbagai kriteria penilaian khusus, guna menghasilkan penilaian dan bimbingan yang optimal, terarah, dan otentik.
<p>Perubahan lebar interkaninus rahang atas dengan penggunaan sekrup ekspansi pada jarak waktu aktivasi yang berbeda</p><p>Changes in the maxillary intercanine width during the use of expansion screws at different activation intervals</p>
Authors: Malik Nada Qisthina , Latif Deni Sumantri , Syiarudin Elih 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Penggunaan sekrup ekspansi pada ortodonti lepasan dilakukan untuk melebarkan lengkung gigi. Lebar lengkung gigi dapat diukur salah satunya dengan cara menghitung lebar interkaninus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui evaluasi penggunaan sekrup ekspansi terhadap perubahan lebar interkaninus rahang atas berdasarkan kelompok waktu aktivasi. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil:. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analitik nilai t stat memiliki nilai yang lebih kecil dari nilai t Critical two-tail, maka didapatkan hasil yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna dari perubahan lebar interkaninus pada dua kelompok waktu tersebut. Simpulan: Terdapat perubahan lebar interkaninus yang signifikan pada kedua kelompok waktu aktivasi.Kata kunci: sekrup ekspansi, ortodonti lepasan, lebar interkaninus, rahang atasABSTRACTIntroduction: The use of expansion screws in removable orthodontics is used to widen the dental arch. The dental arch width can be measured one of them by calculating the intercanine width. The aim of this study was to evaluation the use of expansion screws for changes in maxillary intercanine width based on activation time groups. Method: This research used analytic method. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Results: Based on the results of analytical calculations, the value of t stat has a value smaller than t Critical two-tail, the results obtained indicate that there are significant differences in changes in intercanine width in the two time groups. Conclusion: There was a significant change in intercanine width in both groups of activation time. Keywords: expansion screws, removable orthodontics, intercanine width, maxillary