bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence, predictors and outcomes of acute liver injury among patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Harapan Harapan , Fajar Jonny Karunia , Supriono Supriono , Soegiarto Gatot , Wulandari Laksmi , Seratin Fiha , Prayudi Nyoman Gede , Dewi Dara Puspita , Monica Elsina Maria Theresia , Atamou Lasarus , Wiranata Sinta , Aprianto Dhito Pemi , Friska Erlin , Sari Firdaus D. Fitria , Alaidin Makdum , Wardhani Firdha Aprillia , Husnah Milda , Hidayati Nurdina Wahyu , Hendriyanti Yeni , Wardani Kristia , Evatta Arde , Manugan Reizal Audi , Pradipto Wiryawan , Rahmawati Ade , Tamara Fredo , Mahendra Aditya Indra , Nainu Firzan , Santoso Budi , Irawan Primasatya Chandra Adi , Tjionganata Nindy , Budiman Hendarto Arif 
Published: October 2021

SummaryThe data on the predictors and prognosis of acute liver injury (ALI) among patients in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients are limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, predictors and outcomes of ALI among patients with COVID‐19. A systematic review was conducted up to 10 June 2021. The relevant papers were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science, and the data were analysed using a Z test. A total of 1331 papers were identified and 16 papers consisting of 1254 COVID‐19 with ALI and 4999 COVID‐19 without ALI were analysed. The cumulative prevalence of ALI among patients with COVID‐19 was 22.8%. Male and having low lymphocyte levels were more likely to be associated with ALI compared with female and having higher lymphocyte level, odds ratio (OR): 2.70; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.03, 3.60 and mean difference (MD) −125; 95% CI: −207, −43, respectively. COVID‐19 patients with ALI had higher risk of developing severe COVID‐19 compared with those without ALI (OR: 3.61; 95% CI: 2.60, 5.02). Our findings may serve as the additional evaluation for the management of ALI in COVID‐19 patients.
Efficient model predictive control for Markovian jump systems with Lur'e nonlinear term: A dual‐mode control scheme
Authors: Zhang Bin , Song Yan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, the efficient model predictive control (MPC) problem is investigated for a class of Markovian jump Lur'e systems (MJLSs) subject to parameter uncertainties and input constraints, where each subsystem is described by the combination of a linear part and a nonlinear Lur'e term. The main purpose of the addressed problem is to design a set of dual‐mode feedback controllers in the framework of efficient MPC to make a nice tradeoff among the online computation burden, the initial feasible region, and the control performance. To this aim, the following two tasks need to be fulfilled: 1) for the terminal constraint set, the corresponding fixed feedback gain that is composed of a linear part and a nonlinear part is designed with aid of the Lur'e‐type Lyapunov‐like function related to the modes of subsystems; and 2) a fairly large initial feasible region is obtained off‐line by adjusting the dimension of the control perturbation sequence. Then, an online optimization problem is put forward to design this perturbation sequence with the determined dimension to steer the system state into the terminal constraint set within the pre‐determined steps. Sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the recursive feasibility of the proposed efficient MPC algorithm and the mean‐square stability of the underlying MJLSs. Finally, a simulation example with regards to the DC motor device system is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed MPC strategy.
Optical Imaging in the Second Near Infrared Window for Vascular Bioimaging
Authors: Wang Zi'an , Wang Xuan , Wan Jian‐Bo , Xu Fujian , Zhao Nana , Chen Meiwan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOptical imaging in the second near infrared region (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) provides higher resolution and deeper penetration depth for accurate and real‐time vascular anatomy, blood dynamics, and function information, effectively contributing to the early diagnosis and curative effect assessment of vascular anomalies. Currently, NIR‐II optical imaging demonstrates encouraging results including long‐term monitoring of vascular injury and regeneration, real‐time feedback of blood perfusion, tracking of lymphatic metastases, and imaging‐guided surgery. This review summarizes the latest progresses of NIR‐II optical imaging for angiography including fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The development of current NIR‐II fluorescence, PA, and OCT probes (i.e., single‐walled carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, rare earth doped nanoparticles, noble metal‐based nanostructures, organic dye‐based probes, and semiconductor polymer nanoparticles), highlighting probe optimization regarding high brightness, longwave emission, and biocompatibility through chemical modification or nanotechnology, is first introduced. The application of NIR‐II probes in angiography based on the classification of peripheral vascular, cerebrovascular, tumor vessel, and cardiovascular, is then reviewed. Major challenges and opportunities in the NIR‐II optical imaging for vascular imaging are finally discussed.
Development of strut‐and‐tie models using topology optimization based on modified optimal criterion
Authors: Zhou Linyun , Wan Shui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStrut‐and‐tie models (STMs) have been widely used to design disturbed regions in structural concrete members. Recently, topology optimization methods, based on the principle of minimum strain energy directly and indirectly, have been adopted to generate STMs in reinforced concrete structures. Unfortunately, current topology optimization methods do not work in many typical disturbed regions. The optimization history of the rectangular anchorage zones shows that the principle of minimum strain energy is a necessary condition for STM, not a sufficient condition. Because, it fails to capture the load transfer path properly in structural concrete tensile regions. To address this issue, a modified optimality criterion is proposed to illustrate the load path in tensile regions. And the desired STM is the one with the maximum overall stiffness and minimum strain energy of the tie. The STM of the rectangular anchorage zones and dapped beams have been developed successfully, and verified by the current ACI 318‐08 code recommendations and experimental evidence.
Recent advances in electrocatalysts, mechanism, and cell architecture for direct formic acid fuel cells
Authors: Bhaskaran Rashmi , Abraham Bincy George , Chetty Raghuram 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDirect formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) are potential candidates as power sources for various applications, especially in portable electronics and medical diagnostic devices. Though they have been the subject of considerable research, commercial prototypes of DFAFCs are rudimentary compared to other liquid fuel cells, particularly the widespread methanol‐based direct methanol fuel cells. Various strategies for rationally engineering the electrocatalysts for enhancing DFAFC performance have been explored in the last few years, such as alloying noble metals with earth‐abundant transition metals, designing specific morphological and structural arrangements, decorating the surface with corrosion‐tolerant cocatalysts, and providing better catalyst support for effective catalyst dispersion. An overall approach may be necessary and should include (i) understanding the underlying mechanism, which will guide the direction of catalyst engineering, (ii) employing morphological, compositional, and structural control of the electrocatalysts to improve catalyst utilization and enhance the intrinsic activity for real‐world applications, and (iii) integrating these in a proficiently designed cell architecture suitable for targeted applications. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in electrocatalysts, formic acid electrooxidation mechanisms, and DFAFC cell architectures, which could help address the opportunities and challenges of commercializing DFAFC as a prospective alternative power source for portable applications.This article is categorized under:
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen > Science and Materials
Energy Research & Innovation > Science and Materials
The crucial role of model systems in understanding the complexity of cell signaling in human neurocristopathies
Authors: Cerrizuela Santiago , Vega‐Lopez Guillermo A. , Méndez‐Maldonado Karla , Velasco Iván , Aybar Manuel J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAnimal models are useful to study the molecular, cellular, and morphogenetic mechanisms underlying normal and pathological development. Cell‐based study models have emerged as an alternative approach to study many aspects of human embryonic development and disease. The neural crest (NC) is a transient, multipotent, and migratory embryonic cell population that generates a diverse group of cell types that arises during vertebrate development. The abnormal formation or development of the NC results in neurocristopathies (NCPs), which are characterized by a broad spectrum of functional and morphological alterations. The impaired molecular mechanisms that give rise to these multiphenotypic diseases are not entirely clear yet. This fact, added to the high incidence of these disorders in the newborn population, has led to the development of systematic approaches for their understanding. In this article, we have systematically reviewed the ways in which experimentation with different animal and cell model systems has improved our knowledge of NCPs, and how these advances might contribute to the development of better diagnostic and therapeutic tools for the treatment of these pathologies.This article is categorized under:Congenital Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/EpigeneticsCongenital Diseases > Stem Cells and DevelopmentCongenital Diseases > Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyNeurological Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics
Filtered asymmetric dark matter during the Peccei-Quinn phase transition
Authors: Ahmadvand M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a bubble filtering-out mechanism for an asymmetric dark matter scenario during the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) phase transition. Based on a QCD axion model, extended by extra chiral neutrinos, we show that the PQ phase transition can be first order in the parameter space of the model and regarding the PQ symmetry breaking scale, the mechanism can generate PeV-scale heavy neutrinos as a dark matter candidate. Considering a CP-violating source, during the phase transition, discriminating between the neutrino and antineutrino number density, we find the observed dark matter relic abundance, such that the setup can be applied to the first order phase transition with different strengths. We then calculate effective couplings of the QCD axion addressing the strong CP problem within the model. We also study the energy density spectrum of gravitational waves generated from the first order phase transition and show that the signals can be detected by future ground-based detectors such as Einstein Telescope. In particular, for a visible heavy axion case of the model, it is shown that gravitational waves can be probed by DECIGO and BBO interferometers. Furthermore, we discuss the dark matter-standard model neutrino annihilation process as a source for the creation of PeV-scale neutrinos.
Risking your NEC
Authors: Hoyos Carlos , Jokela Niko , Penín José Manuel , Ramallo Alfonso V. , Tarrío Javier 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Energy conditions, especially the null energy condition (NEC), are generically imposed on solutions to retain a physically sensible classical field theory and they also play an important role in the AdS/CFT duality. Using this duality, we study non-trivially deformed strongly coupled quantum field theories at large-Nc. The corresponding dual classical gravity constructions entail the use of radially non-monotonic D-brane distributions. The distributions are phenomenological in the sense that they do not correspond to the smearing of known probe D-brane embeddings. The gravity backgrounds are supersymmetric and hence perturbatively stable, and do not possess curvature singularities. There are no short-cuts through the bulk spacetime for signal propagation which assures that the field theory duals are causal. Nevertheless, some of our solutions violate the NEC in the gravity dual. In these cases the non-monotonicity of the D-brane distributions is reflected in the properties of the renormalization group flow: none of the c-functions proposed in the literature are monotonic. This further suggests that the non-monotonic behavior of the c-functions within previously known anisotropic backgrounds does not originate from the breaking of Lorentz invariance. We surmise that NEC violations induced by quantum corrections also need to be considered in holographic duals, but can be studied already at the classical level.
On deformations and extensions of Diff(S2)
Authors: Rojo Martín Enríquez , Procházka Tomáš , Sachs Ivo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe investigate the algebra of vector fields on the sphere. First, we find that linear deformations of this algebra are obstructed under reasonable conditions. In particular, we show thaths[λ], the one-parameter deformation of the algebra of area-preserving vector fields, does not extend to the entire algebra. Next, we study some non-central extensions through the embedding of$$ \mathfrak{vect} $$vect(S2) into$$ \mathfrak{vect} $$vect(ℂ*). For the latter, we discuss a three parameter family of non-central extensions which contains the symmetry algebra of asymptotically flat and asymptotically Friedmann spacetimes at future null infinity, admitting a simple free field realization.
Monotonicity Properties for Ratios and Products of Modified Bessel Functions and Sharp Trigonometric Bounds
Authors: Segura J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLet $$I_{\nu }(x)$$

I
ν

(
x
)

and $$K_{\nu }(x)$$

K
ν

(
x
)

be the first and second kind modified Bessel functions. It is shown that the nullclines of the Riccati equation satisfied by $$x^{\alpha } \Phi _{i,\nu }(x)$$

x
α

Φ

i
,
ν

(
x
)

, $$i=1,2$$

i
=
1
,
2

, with $$\Phi _{1,\nu }=I_{\nu -1}(x)/I_{\nu }(x)$$

Φ

1
,
ν

=

I

ν
-
1

(
x
)

/

I
ν

(
x
)

and $$\Phi _{2,\nu }(x)=-K_{\nu -1}(x)/K_{\nu }(x)$$

Φ

2
,
ν

(
x
)

=
-

K

ν
-
1

(
x
)

/

K
ν

(
x
)

, are bounds for $$x^{\alpha } \Phi _{i,\nu }(x)$$

x
α

Φ

i
,
ν

(
x
)

, which are solutions with unique monotonicity properties; these bounds hold at least for $$\pm \alpha \notin (0,1)$$

±
α
∉
(
0
,
1
)

and $$\nu \ge 1/2$$

ν
≥
1
/
2

. Properties for the product $$P_{\nu }(x)=I_{\nu }(x)K_{\nu }(x)$$

P
ν

(
x
)

=

I
ν

(
x
)

K
ν

(
x
)

can be obtained as a consequence; for instance, it is shown that $$P_{\nu }(x)$$

P
ν

(
x
)

is decreasing if $$\nu \ge -1$$

ν
≥
-
1

(extending the known range of this result) and that $$xP_{\nu }(x)$$

x

P
ν

(
x
)

is increasing for $$\nu \ge 1/2$$

ν
≥
1
/
2

. We also show that the double ratios $$W_{i,\nu }(x)=\Phi _{i,\nu +1}(x)/\Phi _{i,\nu }(x)$$

W

i
,
ν

(
x
)

=

Φ

i
,
ν
+
1

(
x
)

/

Φ

i
,
ν

(
x
)

are monotonic and that these monotonicity properties are exclusive of the first and second kind modified Bessel functions. Sharp trigonometric bounds can be extracted from the monotonicity of the double ratios. The trigonometric bounds for the ratios and the product are very accurate as $$x\rightarrow 0^+$$

x
→

0
+

, $$x\rightarrow +\infty $$

x
→
+
∞

and $$\nu \rightarrow +\infty $$

ν
→
+
∞

in the sense that the first two terms in the power series expansions in these limits are exact.
A monitoring framework based on exergetic analysis for sustainability assessment of direct laser metal deposition process
Authors: Selicati Valeria , Mazzarisi Marco , Lovecchio Francesco Saverio , Guerra Maria Grazia , Campanelli Sabina Luisa , Dassisti Michele 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWith the constant increase of energy costs and environmental impacts, improving the process efficiency is considered a priority issue for the manufacturing field. A wide knowledge about materials, energy, machinery, and auxiliary equipment is required in order to optimize the overall performance of manufacturing processes. Sustainability needs to be assessed in order to find an optimal compromise between technical quality of products and environmental compatibility of processes. In this new Industry 4.0 era, innovative manufacturing technologies, as the additive manufacturing, are taking a predominant role. The aim of this work is to give an insight into how thermodynamic laws contribute at the same time to improve energy efficiency of manufacturing resources and to provide a methodological support to move towards a smart and sustainable additive process. In this context, a fundamental step is the proper design of a sensing and real-time monitoring framework of an additive manufacturing process. This framework should be based on an accurate modelling of the physical phenomena and technological aspects of the considered process, taking into account all the sustainability requirements. To this end, a thermodynamic model for the direct laser metal deposition (DLMD) process was proposed as a test case. Finally, an exergetic analysis was conducted on a prototype DLMD system to validate the effectiveness of an ad-hoc monitoring system and highlight the limitations of this process. What emerged is that the proposed framework provided significant advantages, since it represents a valuable approach for finding suitable process management strategies to identify sustainable solutions for innovative manufacturing procedures.
Energy landscapes of perfect and defective solids: from structure prediction to ion conduction
Authors: Allan Neil L. , Conejeros Sergio , Hart Judy N. , Mohn Chris E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe energy landscape concept is increasingly valuable in understanding and unifying the structural, thermodynamic and dynamic properties of inorganic solids. We present a range of examples which include (i) structure prediction of new bulk phases including carbon nitrides, phosphorus carbides, LiMgF3 and low-density, ultra-flexible polymorphs of B2O3, (ii) prediction of graphene and related forms of ZnO, ZnS and other compounds which crystallise in the bulk with the wurtzite structure, (iii) solid solutions, (iv) understanding grossly non-stoichiometric oxides including the superionic phases of δ-Bi2O3 and BIMEVOX and the consequences for the mechanisms of ion transport in these fast ion conductors. In general, examination of the energy landscapes of disordered materials highlights the importance of local structural environments, rather than sole consideration of the average structure.
Identification and quantification of immune infiltration landscape on therapy and prognosis in left- and right-sided colon cancer
Authors: Guo Jun-Nan , Chen Du , Deng Shen-Hui , Huang Jia-Rong , Song Jin-Xuan , Li Xiang-Yu , Cui Bin-Bin , Liu Yan-Long 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The left-sided and right-sided colon cancer (LCCs and RCCs, respectively) have unique molecular features and clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of immune cell infiltration (ICI) subtypes for evaluating prognosis and therapeutic benefits.

Methods
The independent gene datasets, corresponding somatic mutation and clinical information were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. The ICI contents were evaluated by “ESTIMATE” and “CIBERSORT.” We performed two computational algorithms to identify the ICI landscape related to prognosis and found the unique infiltration characteristics. Next, principal component analysis was conducted to construct ICI score based on three ICI patterns. We analyzed the correlation between ICI score and tumor mutation burden (TMB), and stratified patients into prognostic-related high- and low- ICI score groups (HSG and LSG, respectively). The role of ICI scores in the prediction of therapeutic benefits was investigated by "pRRophetic" and verified by Immunophenoscores (IPS) (TCIA database) and an independent immunotherapy cohort (IMvigor210). The key genes were preliminary screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis based on ICI scores. And they were further identified at various levels, including single cell, protein and immunotherapy response. The predictive ability of ICI score for prognosis was also verified in IMvigor210 cohort.

Results
The ICI features with a better prognosis were marked by high plasma cells, dendritic cells and mast cells, low memory CD4+ T cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, as well as M2 macrophages. A high ICI score was characterized by an increased TMB and genomic instability related signaling pathways. The prognosis, sensitivities of targeted inhibitors and immunotherapy, IPS and expression of immune checkpoints were significantly different in HSG and LSG. The genes identified by ICI scores and various levels included CA2 and TSPAN1.

Conclusion
The identification of ICI subtypes and ICI scores will help gain insights into the heterogeneity in LCC and RCC, and identify patients probably benefiting from treatments. ICI scores and the key genes could serve as an effective biomarker to predict prognosis and the sensitivity of immunotherapy.
Molecular characteristics of Bombus (Alpinobombus) polaris from North Greenland with comments on its general biology and phylogeography
Authors: Namin Saeed Mohamadzade , Park Tae-Yoon , Jung Chuleui , Meyer-Rochow Victor Benno 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe bumble bee Bombus polaris (Curtis 1835) is known from the northernmost region of Greenland. But how it can survive there, where in terms of geographic origin it came from, and which species in addition to B. pyrrhopygus (Friese 1902) genetically it is most closely related to are insufficiently answered questions that have motivated us to carry out this study. On the basis of a molecular analysis of the cytochrome oxidase I gene of a B. (Alpinobombus) polaris from North Greenland (82° 48′ N; 42° 14′ W), we conclude that the female specimen we analysed was most closely related to the Canadian populations of B. polaris. Geographic proximity, occurrence of B. polaris on Ellesmere Island and wind direction are likely factors that have aided B. polaris to establish itself in northern and eastern Greenland. The presence of five haplotypes in the studied sequences from Greenland indicates a moderately high level of genetic diversity of B. polaris in Greenland, reflecting the successful adaptation of B. polaris populations. In the broader context of entomological life in the high Arctic, our results on B. polaris allow us to conclude that the survival of pollinating species in the high Arctic under the changing climate scenario depends not only on the weather but also on an individual’s opportunity to continue to locate suitable food sources, i.e. pollen and nectar in the case of B. polaris. This aspect, briefly touched upon in this study, is of relevance not just to B. polaris, but the Arctic entomofauna generally.