bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population Genetics and Evolution Analysis Reveal Diversity and Origin of Ammopiptanthus in China.
Authors: Chai Guai-qiang , Duan Yizhong , Jiao Peipei , Du Zhongyu , Kang Furen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background：Elucidating and revealing the population genetic structure, genetic diversity and recombination is essential for understanding the evolution and adaptation of species. Ammopiptanthus, which is an endangered survivor from the Tethys in the Tertiary Period, is the only evergreen broadleaf shrub grown in Northwest of China. However, little is known about its genetic diversity and underlying adaptation mechanisms. Results：Here, 111 Ammopiptanthus individuals collected from fifteen natural populations in estern China were analyzed by means of the specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq). Based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (InDels) detected by SLAF-seq, genetic diversity and markers associated with climate and geographical distribution variables were identified. The results of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation revealed that all fifteen populations showed medium genetic diversity, with PIC values ranging from 0.1648 to 0.3081. AMOVA and Fst indicated that a low genetic differentiation existed among populations. Phylogenetic analysis showed that NX-BG and NMG-DQH of fifteen populations have the highest homology，while the genetic structure analysis revealed that these Ammopiptanthus germplasm accessions were structured primarily along the basis of their geographic collection, and that an extensive admixture occurred in each group. In addition, the genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) and principal component analysis showed that Ammopiptanthus nanus had a more diverse genomic background, and all genetic populations were clearly distinguished, although different degrees of introgression were detected in these groups. Conclusion：Our study could provide guidance to the future design of association studies and the systematic utilization and protection of the genetic variation characterizing the Ammopiptanthus.
TDG interacts with DNMT3A to inhibit the migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells
Authors: Miao Jiyu , Zhao Changan , Tang Kaijie , Xiong Xiaofan , Wu Fei , Xue Wanjuan , Duan Baojun , Zhang Huahua , Jing Xintao , Li Wen , Sun Ying , Hou Ni , Huang Chen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high recurrence and mortality. Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) is one of the key molecules involved in base excision repair pathway. Recently, more and more attentions have been paid to the role of TDG on tumor development. However, the specific functions of TDG in CRC remain unclear.
Methods

The biological functions of TDG and DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A) in CRC were evaluated using migration and invasion assay. Tumor metastasis assay was performed in nude mice to detect the role of TDG in vivo. The interaction of TDG with DNMT3A was determined by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis (CHIP) was applied to predict the DNA binding site of DNMT3A. We also performed methylation-specific PCR (MSP) to detect the changes in TIMP2 methylation levels.
Results

We found that TDG could inhibit the migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. TDG promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of DNMT3A by binding with it. Interference with siDNMT3A also inhibited the migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells. Further ChIP, MSP, and rescue experiments data confirmed that TDG accelerated the degradation of DNMT3A, and then significantly regulated the transcription and expression of TIMP2, thereby affecting the migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells.
Conclusion

Our findings reveal that TDG inhibit the migration and invasion of human colon cancer cells through DNMT3A-TIMP2 axis which may be potential therapeutic strategies in the development and treatment of CRC.
Investigation on Hospitalization of Cervical Spondylosis among Military Pilots, 2010 - 2019
Authors: Zhang Hong-xing , Chen Yu-Fei , Peng Ye , Li Jing-yuan , Huang Xiao-gang , Tian Jin-ping , Du Jun-jie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the situation of hospitalization and medical appraisal of cervical spondylosis in military pilots. MethodsA single-center retrospective study was conducted on the active military pilots hospitalized for cervical spondylosis in our center from January 2010 to December 2019.After inclusion and exclusion criteria, descriptive statistics and analysis were made on age, sex, flight type, flight time, disease type, diagnosis and treatment and medical identification results of the included subjects.ResultsDuring January 2010 to December 2019, 166 military pilots with cervical spondylosis were admitted to our center, accounting for 17.61% of the total orthopaedic diseases, ranking the second place.The hospitalization rate of military pilots with cervical spondylosis in orthopedics department decreased from 2015 to 2019, but the hospitalization rate (193 person-times) was in an increasing trend compared with that in 2010-2014 (148 person-times) (P < 0.05).The average age of the pilots with cervical spondylosis was 37.37±7.37 years old, and there was no significant difference in the age of the pilots of different aircraft types. Compared with the age of other active servicemen in the same period (39.72±8.98 years), the incidence of the pilots tended to be younger (P < 0.05).The average incidence of cervical spondylosis in flight crew was 2597.09±1954.50h, and fighter pilots were more likely to have cervical spondylosis in early flight than those who flew helicopter, transport aircraft and trainer aircraft (P < 0.05).4 cases (2.41%) received surgical treatment, which was significantly lower than that of non-aircrew members (12.09%) (P < 0.05).Among the 166 cases, 87 cases (52.41%) were qualified and returned to work,53 cases of military pilots temporary unqualified flight, 26 cases of military pilots unqualified flight, unable to continue to fly.ConclusionCervical spondylosis of pilots account for the forefront of orthopedic disease spectrum, and the onset age is younger, the treatment is relatively simple, and the qualified rate of flight after treatment is low.
Secreted Salt Increases Reaumuria Soongarica 's Ability to Compete in Grassland Areas
Authors: wang changshun , wang huiqing , wang wei , liang cunzhu , liu huamin , wang lixin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to identify and explore the community formation mechanism of R. soongarica in the eastern Mongolian Plateau grassland. The experimental site was located in an ancient lake basin with saline soil in a desert steppe. Results: Soil conductivity of R. soongarica was significantly higher than that of the two herbs, S. glareosa and A. polyrhizum, at all soil depths (P ≤ 0.001). The daily salt secretion rate ranged from 1% to 2% of the fresh leaf weight in the different communities and increased with increased soil conductivity. With increased canopy size of R. soongarica, the distance between the shrubs and herbs also increased. The correlation between the R. soongarica canopy diameter and the distance to the nearest S. glareosa (R2 = 0.4065; P < 0.05) was higher than that to the nearest A. polyrhizum (R2 = 0.1256; P < 0.05). The growth of the three species was not salt-dependent; however, R. soongarica was significantly more salt-tolerant than the two herbs. The two herbs significantly limited the growth of R. soongarica seedlings at low soil conductivity (≤ 600 µS/cm), but not at high soil conductivity (≥ 1000 µS/cm). Conclusions: Salt secretion by R. soongarica leaves results in the formation of a “saline island,” which leads to soil conductivity increasing significantly under the canopy of R. soongarica. This increase in soil conductivity of the saline island effectively reduces the interspecies competition advantage of the two herbs. This highlights the competitiveness of R. soongarica in salt-stressed environments and facilitates the establishment of this desert shrub in saline regions on the desert steppe.
Performance of HEC-HMS and SWAT to simulate streamflow in the sub-humid tropical Hemavathi catchment
Authors: Sanjay Shekar N. C. , Vinay D. C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the accuracy and applicability of the hydrological models Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC)- Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) to simulate streamflows. Models combined with the ArcGIS interface have been used for hydrological study in the humid tropical Hemavathi catchment (5,427 square kilometer). The critical focus of the streamflow analysis was to determine the efficiency of the models when the models were calibrated and optimized using observed flows in the simulation of streamflows. Daily weather gauge stations data were used as inputs for the models from the 2014–2020 period. Other data inputs required to run the models included land use/land cover (LU/LC) classes resulting from remote sensing satellite imagery, soil map and digital elevation model (DEM). For evaluating the model performance and calibration, daily stream discharge from the catchment outlet data were used. For the SWAT model calibration, available water holding capacity by soil (SOL_AWC), curve number (CN) and soil evaporation compensation factor (ESCO) are identified as the sensitive parameters. Initial abstraction (Ia) and lag time (Tlag) are the significant parameters identified for the HEC-HMS model calibration. The models were subsequently adjusted by autocalibration for 2014–2017 to minimize the variations in simulated and observed streamflow values at the catchment outlet (Akkihebbal). The hydrological models were validated for the 2018–2020 period by using the calibrated models. For evaluating the simulating daily streamflows during calibration and validation phases, performances of the models were conducted by using the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The SWAT model yielded high R2 and NSE values of 0.85 and 0.82 for daily streamflow comparisons for the catchment outlet at the validation time, suggesting that the SWAT model showed relatively good results compared to the HEC-HMS model. Also, under modified LU/LC and ungauged streamflow conditions, the calibrated models can be later used to simulate streamflows for future predictions. Overall, the SWAT model seems to have done well in streamflow analysis for hydrological studies.
Moralność jako erzac duchowości. Filozoficzne uwagi na temat współczesnej teologii
Authors: Świeżyński Adam 
Published: August 2021

Pytanie o metodologiczny i teoriopoznawczy status obrazu Boga we współczesnej teologii jest jednym z najważniejszych, jakie należy postawić w świetle przemian społeczno-religijnych, następujących we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Odchodzenie od instytucjonalnie praktykowanej wiary religijnej jest bowiem często spowodowane obrazem Boga (i relacji między Bogiem a człowiekiem), który dla współczesnego człowieka staje się coraz mniej możliwy do zaakceptowania. Nie jest to jedynie kwestia ludzkiej niezgody, motywowanej postawą antyreligijną, lecz przede wszystkim skutek zniekształcenia go we współczesnym przekazie teologicznym, homiletycznym i katechetycznym. Obraz ten, kreowany najpierw w teologii, został nadmiernie obciążony elementami, nawiązującymi do powinności moralnej człowieka, a jednocześnie w znacznym stopniu zubożony o elementy wywodzące się z jego doświadczenia egzystencjalno-duchowego. Odzyskanie bardziej adekwatnego obrazu Boga wymaga wnikliwego namysłu filozoficznego nad samą teologią oraz zrekonstruowania tego obrazu na podstawie pogłębionego odniesienia do treści biblijnych, wraz z jednoczesnym powiązaniem ich z aktualnym doświadczeniem religijnym człowieka, ujawniającym się w jego egzystencji.
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Zgłoszono: 20/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 09/11/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 20/11/2020
O prawdzie w literaturze uwag kilka
Authors: Tomaszewska Wiesława 
Published: August 2021

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie prawdy w literaturze. Punktem wyjścia dla analiz jest koncepcja Romana Ingardena. Odmawia on dziełu literackiemu jako dziełu sztuki prawdziwości w sensie logicznym. Według Ingardena literackie dzieło sztuki jako przedmiot czysto intencjonalny niczego nie orzeka o świecie transcendentnym. Prawdę w dziele literackim można jednakże ujmować jako jej objawianie.
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Zgłoszono: 03/09/2020. Zrecenzowano: 22/10/2020. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 10/11/2020
Covid 19 May Limit the Use of Anti-hyperglycemic Agents. Does it Call
for the Development of New Anti-hyperglycemic Agents?
Authors: Sibiya Ntethelelo , Mbatha Bonisiwe , Arineitwe Charles , Onyekwuluje Chiamaka , Ngubane Phikelelani , Khathi Andile 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus has been identified as a major risk factor for developing severe
COVID 19 complications. In this review article, the efforts were directed to provide insights and
the possible extent to which some diabetic pharmacological interventions may exacerbate COVID
19 or may not be idyllic options for COVID 19 patients. Articles reviewed were identified using
the Google scholar database, and search was done using the English language. Anti-hyperglycemic
is associated with undesirable effects including episodes of hypoglycemia, diarrhea, lactic acidosis,
and increased risks of cardiovascular and hepatic hazards. These undesirable effects associated
with the anti-hyperglycemic agents possess a threat of developing severe COVID19 complications
Therefore, this calls for more studies to understand the extent of the risks these agents possess in diabetic
COVID 19 patients. Almost all the anti-hyperglycemic agents have the potential to worsen
COVID 19, despite their class. COVID 19 may limit the options in terms of available anti-hyperglycemic
agents which may not heighten the risk of developing severe COVID 19 complications.
The research towards the discovery and development of new compounds and also new therapeutic
targets for hyperglycemia should be encouraged and welcome.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Sagittal TSE-T2W, Variable Flip Angle 3D TSET2W
and High-resolution 3D Heavily T2W Sequences for the Stenosis of
Two Localizations: The Cerebral Aqueduct and the Superior Medullary
Velum
Authors: Özcan Ayşe Nur Şirin , Aslan Kerim 
Published: August 2021

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of conventional Sagittal Turbo
spin Echo T2-weighted (Sag TSE-T2W), variable flip angle 3D TSE (VFA-3D-TSE) and high-resolution
3D heavily T2W (HR-3D-HT2W) sequences in the diagnosis of primary aqueductal stenosis
(PAS) and Superior Medullary Velum Stenosis (SMV-S), and the effect of stenosis localization on
diagnosis.

Methods:
Seventy-seven patients were included in the study. The diagnosis accuracy of the
HR-3D-HT2W, Sag TSE-T2W and VFA-3D-TSE sequences, was classified into three grades by
two experienced neuroradiologists: grade 0 (the sequence has no diagnostic ability), grade 1 (the sequence
diagnoses stenosis but does not show focal stenosis itself or membrane formation), and
grade 2 (the sequence makes a definitive diagnosis of stenosis and shows focal stenosis itself or
membrane formation). Stenosis localizations were divided into three as Cerebral Aquaduct (CA),
Superior Medullary Velum (SMV) and SMV+CA. In the statistical analysis, the grades of the sequences
were compared without making a differentiation based on localization. Then, the effect of
localization on diagnosis was determined by comparing the grades for individual localizations.

Results:
In the sequence comparison, grade 0 was not detected in the VFA-3D-TSE and HR-3DHT2W
sequences, and these sequences diagnosed all cases. On the other hand, 25.4% of grade 0
was detected with the Sag TSE-T2W sequence (P<0.05). Grade 1 was detected by VFA-3D-TSE in
23% of the cases, while grade 1 (12.5%) was detected by HRH-3D-T2W in only one case, and the
difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). When the sequences were examined according to
localizations, the rate of grade 0 in the Sag TSE-T2W sequence was statistically significantly higher
for the SMV localization (33.3%) compared to CA (66.7%) and SMV+CA (0%) (P<0.05). Localization
had no effect on diagnosis using the other sequences.

Conclusion:
In our study, we found that the VFA-3D-TSE and HR-3D-HT2W sequences were successful
in the diagnosis of PAS and SMV-S contrary to the Sag TSE-T2W sequence and especially
SMV localization decreases the diagnostic accuracy of Sag TSE-T2W sequence.
Identification of Novel Indazole-based Inhibitors of Fibroblast Growth
Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1)
Authors: Volynets Galyna , Vdovin Vasyl , Lukashov Sergiy , Borovykov Oleksiy , Borysenko Iryna , Gryshchenko Andrii , Bdzhola Volodymyr , Iatsyshyna Anna , Lukash Lyubov , Bilokin Yaroslav , Yarmoluk Sergiy 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Overactivity of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) is associated with
various tumors, particularly breast cancer, prostate cancer, non-small-cell lung carcinoma, myeloproliferative
diseases, which makes this protein kinase a promising therapeutic target for anticancer therapy.

Objective:
The main aim of this study is to identify novel FGFR1 inhibitors.

Method:
In order to find FGFR1 inhibitors, virtual screening experiments were performed using AutoDock
software. Best-scored compounds were tested in vitro using P32 radioactive kinase assay.

Results:
Small-molecular inhibitors of protein kinase FGFR1 were identified among indazole derivatives.
The most active compound [3-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)-1H-indazol-5-yl]-(2,3-dihydro-1Hcyclopenta[
b]quinolin-9-yl)-amine (1) inhibits FGFR1 with IC50 value of 100 nM. According to molecular
docking results, this compound interacts simultaneously with adenine- and phosphate-binding regions
of protein kinase FGFR1. The structure-activity relationships have been investigated and binding
mode has been predicted.

Conclusion:
Compound 1 can be used for further structural optimization and biological research.
Rho GTPase Activating Protein 9 (ARHGAP9) in Human Cancers
Authors: Zhang Wenzhou , Li Liang , Song Wenping , Chen Jinhua , Li Shuolei , Li Ding , Zhang Yongna , Zhou Hanqiong , Yu Weijiang , He Baoxia 
Published: August 2021

Background:
In recent years, targeted therapy combined with traditional chemoradiotherapy
and surgery has brought new opportunities for cancer treatment. However, the complex
characteristics of cancer, such as heterogeneity and diversity, limit the clinical success of targeted
drugs. Discovering of new cancer targets and deepening the understanding of their functional mechanisms
will bring additional promising application prospects for the research and development of
personalized cancer-targeted drugs.

Objective:
This study aimed to summarize the role of the Rho GTPase activating protein 9 (ARHGAP9)
gene in tumorigenesis and development to discover therapeutic targets for cancer in the future.

Methods:
For this review, we collected patents from the databases of Espacenet and WIPO and articles
from PubMed that were related to the ARHGAP9 gene.

Results:
Genetic/epigenetic variations and abnormal expression of the ARHGAP9 gene are closely
associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. ARHGAP9 can inactivate Rho GTPases by
hydrolyzing GTP into GDP and regulate cancer cellular events, including proliferation, differentiation,
apoptosis, migration and invasion, by inhibiting JNK/ERK/p38 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
In addition to reviewing these mechanisms, we assessed various patents on ARHGAP9 to determine
whether ARHGAP9 might be used as a predictive biomarker for diagnosis/prognosis evaluation
and a druggable target for cancer treatment.

Conclusion:
In this review, the current knowledge of ARHGAP9 in cancer is summarized with an
emphasis on its molecular function, regulatory mechanism and disease implications. Its characterization
is crucial to understanding its important roles during different stages of cancer progression
and therapy as a predictive biomarker and/or target.
Cardioprotective Effects and in-silico Antioxidant Mechanism of L-Ergothioneine in Experimental Type-2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Dare Ayobami , Elrashedy Ahmed A , Channa Mahendra L. , Nadar Anand 
Published: August 2021

Background:Diabetic cardiotoxicity is commonly associated with oxidative injury, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. L-ergothioneine (L-egt), a diet-derived amino acid, has been reported to decrease mortality and risk of cardiovascular injury, provides cytoprotection to tissues exposed to oxidative damage, and prevents diabetes-induced perturbation.Objective:This study investigated the cardioprotective effects of L-egt on diabetes-induced cardiovascular injuries and its probable mechanism of action.Methods:Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into non-diabetic (n = 6) and diabetic groups (n = 18). Six weeks after the induction of diabetes, the diabetic rats were divided into three groups (n = 6) and administered distilled water, L-egt (35mg/kg), and losartan (20mg/kg) by oral gavage for six weeks. Blood glucose and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded pre-and post-treatment, while biochemical, ELISA, and RT-qPCR analyses were conducted to determine inflammatory, injury-related and antioxidant biomarkers in cardiac tissue after euthanasia. Also, an in-silico study, including docking and molecular dynamic simulations of L-egt toward the Keap1- Nrf2 protein complex, was done to provide a basis for the molecular antioxidant mechanism of Legt.Results:Administration of L-egt to diabetic animals reduced serum triglyceride, water intake, MAP, biomarkers of cardiac injury (CK-MB, CRP), lipid peroxidation, and inflammation. Also, Legt increased body weight, antioxidant enzymes, upregulated Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 expression, and decreased Keap1 expression. The in-silico study showed that L-egt inhibits the Keap1-Nrf2 complex by binding to the active site of Nrf2 protein, thereby preventing its degradation.Conclusion:L-egt protects against diabetes-induced cardiovascular injury via the upregulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and its downstream cytoprotective antioxidants.