bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excisional biopsy of a dysplastic nevus in a district polyclinic is a path to early detection of skin melanoma
Authors: Artemeva N. G. , Romanova O. A. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Russia has a high mortality rate of cutaneous melanoma – 2.5 per 100,000 population whereas the incidence rate is 7.7 per 100,000 population, i.e. one in every three patients dies. In the foreign countries (the USA, Australia), melanoma mortality rate is 10-15%. Such high rates are explained by the fact that patients with early-stage disease do not seek medical advice, as in early stages a tumour does not cause inconvenience to a patient and looks like an ordinary mole.The purpose of the study was to confirm the advisability of removing a progressive dysplastic nevus (grade 3 lentiginous melanocytic dysplasia) with a view to prevent and make early diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma.Materials and methods. The authors removed 180 pigmented lesions that were clinically diagnosed as a progressive dysplastic nevus in the Surgery Department of Central Polyclinic of Literary Fund from 2009 to March 2020. The patients were referred to the Surgery Department by physicians, dermatologists and other specialists of the polyclinic. Following an oncologist consultation, excisional biopsy of a nevus was performed under local anesthesia.Results. Histological examination revealed 29 (16%) dysplastic nevi with grade 3 LMD and 18 (10%) early-stage melanomas.Conclusions. If excisional biopsy of a dysplastic nevus becomes routine in Ambulatory Surgery practice, it will increase the early diagnosis of melanoma and significantly reduce mortality rates of this disease. For excisional biopsy, the authors recommend to excise at a distance of 0.5 to 1.0 cm from the lesion boundaries, since it is not possible to clinically distinguish a progressive dysplastic nevus from early melanoma.
Hemorrhoids and quality of life: “… two things incompatible”?
Authors: Abritsova M. V. , Bogomazov A. M. , Golovko E. B. , Zagriadskii E. A. 
Published: January 2021

Hemorrhoids is one of the most common diseases in human. According to the latest data for 2017, the prevalence rates of hemorrhoids per 100 000 population in Russia are 410,3 in adults, 26.7 in children aged 15 to 17 years and 4,0 in children under 14 years old. Quality of life (QoL) is an important non-specific subjective parameter of well-being, representing an integrative characteristic of the physical, psychological, social and emotional status of the patient. Despite the high prevalence of hemorrhoids and the variety of modern methods of surgical treatment, there are very few studies addressing the QoL in this category of patients. There are significant differences between the patient and the Coloproctologist in the perception of HD, which, possibly, can lead to the hypertrophy of indications for surgical treatment. Understanding the effect of HD on social life and the concept of the well-being of a particular patient can help the doctor choose between conservative and surgical approaches in the treatment of hemorrhoids. On the other hand, due to the excessive shyness and mentality in our country, patients with HD tend to adapt to their disease, which leads to later seeking medical help and suboptimal efficacy of conservative therapy and minimally invasive surgical methods.This review presents the first Russian multicenter observational program EQUALISER (impact of different trEatment modalities on QUAlity of life of the patientS with acute and chronic hEmorRhoid disease) aimed at assessing the QoL of patients with HD, as well as the effect of the treatment method and types of surgical treatment on the social adaptation of the population.
The use of herbal preparations as topical therapy during pre- and post-surgery in patients with 3–4 grade hemorrhoids
Authors: Vasiliev S. V. , Nedozimovanii A. I. , Popov D. E. , Vasiliev A. S. , Gor I. V. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The market presents a huge amount of topical preparations, which manage the clinical manifestations of hemorrhagic disease, and there is also no shortage of means that affect post-operative pain. However, there is no single consensus of patient management in the preoperative period, and there is no generally recognized protocol for the treatment of pain after hemorrhoidectomy.Aim. To determine the effectiveness of using Fleming’s ointment during pre- and post-surgery in patients with 3–4 grade hemorrhoids.Material and methods. 85 patients with a diagnosis of hemorrhoids III–IV grade were divided into 2 groups. The Milligan-Morgan’s hemorrhoidectomy using standard electrocoagulation methods under intravenous anesthesia was performed in all patients. Fleming ointment was used as a topical agent for 2–3 weeks before the operation and for 2.5 weeks after the operation in Group A (43 patients). In group B (42 patients), depending on the prevalence of symptoms, suppositories with phenylephrine, lidocaine, local, hormonal ointments were used, also Liniment Levomekol was used as a local therapy after surgery in the group B. The results were evaluated according to the following criteria: Pain level, symptoms’ degree of the disease against the background of the use of local agents was evaluated by VAS. The multiplicity of the introduction of NSAIDs in 2 groups was considered. The adequacy of the wound healing correlated with the duration of maintaining inflammation in the wound, we also considered the daystay and days of disability.Results. Pain level according to VAS on the 1, 3, 7, 12 days after surgery in patients from group A is 0,6 points lower than in patients from group B. The average number of NSAIDs intake in the postoperative period in Group A was 1,4 times less than in Group B. There was no significant difference in wound reaction, day-stay and days of disability. The symptoms of hemorrhoids, estimated by VASh, were significantly less pronounced in patients who used Fleming ointment (see table 0)Conclusions. Fleming ointment can be recommended as an adequate topical agent in the perioperative management of patients with 3–4 grade hemorrhoids.
Botulinum toxin type A injections for treatment of chronic anal fissures
Authors: Abritsova M. V. , Torchua N. R. 
Published: January 2021

An anal fissure is one of the most common diseases of the anal canal with the incident rate of 20–23 cases per 1000 citizens. Most of acute anal fissures are healed spontaneously but a few of them can become chronic process. Chronic anal fissures are characterized by any two of the criteria: pain after defecation lasts longer than 3 months, sentinel pile is present, fibers of internal sphincter at the base of the anoderm.The spasm of the internal sphincter is a guiding pathogenetic mechanism in the development of chronic anal fissures. It leads to circulatory disorder in the anoderm and non-healing wounds. Therefore, the treatment of anal fissures primarily must be focus on eliminating of internal sphincter spasms and then excising of fissures.Recently, botulinum toxin type A injection in treatment of chronic anal fissures has become popular as a noninvasive method of eliminating internal sphincter spasms.Botulinum toxin as a medical agent has been studied since the late 1960s. Botulinum toxin type A has been used to treat of various pathologies including coloproctology diseases for more than 40 years.The botulinum toxin injections make the internal sphincter relax, and as a result create optimal conditions for healing chronic anal fissures.Using of botulinum toxin type A does not cause dangerous complication. Fecal incontinence after using botulinum toxin is transitory.The review describes the use of botulinum toxin type A injections to treat chronic anal fissures.
The Analysis Of Musyarakah Contract Sharing System Implementationin BPRS Saka Dana Mulia Kudus
Authors: Huda Nur , Fajri Fitri 
Published: January 2021

<p class="IABSSS"><strong>Purpose</strong> - This research aims to know how the implementation of revenue sharing system to Musyarakah finance and to know the Conformity between the implementation done with Fatwa DSN No.08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Method</strong><strong> </strong>- The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a type of case study research.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Result</strong><strong> </strong>- The results showed that a). the implementation of revenue sharing system to Musyarakah finance in BPRS Saka Dana Mulia uses projections or estimates between 1,75% - 2,5% multiplied by the bank's capital. This revenue sharing system has been determined at the beginning of the nominal magnitude of the result for which the customer must be deposited every month. But the bank continues to see the customer's business, when the customer's business suffered losses that are not caused by human error then the bank and the customer will renrenegotiate regarding the outcome.b). The implementation of Musyarakah finance to PT. BPRS Saka Dana Mulia which has been adjusted to Fatwa DSN No.08/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 located at the statement of ijab qabul, contract object (capital, work, andloss), Operational costs and disputes. While that is still not appropriate, that is in the part of the object contract about the profit.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Implication</strong> - This research is only researching in PT. BPRS Saka Dana Mulia Kudus.</p><p align="center"><strong>Originality</strong> - there are differences in the division of sharing system between theories and practices implemented in BPRS Saka Dana Mulia. </p>
Respons Of Islamic Stock Markets To Monetary Policy Empirical Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Rasyidin Muhammad , Sulong Zunaidah 
Published: January 2021

<p class="StyleIABSSSLatinBoldGray-80">Abstract</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Purpose</strong> - The impact of stock market and capital formation on economic growth in Indonesia for the period of January 2015 – May 2019. This paper examines a long-run equilibrium relation between stock market, capital formation and economic growth and other control variables.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Method</strong><strong> </strong>- This study uses autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Result</strong><strong> </strong>- Findings revealed that none of the models was stationary at level but were all stationary at first difference. There is not a short run significant relationship between stock market, capital formation and economic growth in Indonesia. In the long run, capital formation has a significant positive association on economic growth and a negative non-significant relationship between stock market and economic growth in Indonesia.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Implication</strong> - This research is useful to know the response of Sharia market to monetary policy instruments in Indonesia so that the Sharia stock market strategy is potentially developing in the future to encourage the achievement of characteristics such as An alternative source of financing and investment for economic actors and able to facilitate risk mitigation needs for market participants and able to drive the efficiency of transactions in the market through the improvement of the quality of stock market infrastructure Sharia. </p><p><strong>Originality</strong> - The update of this research is response of Sharia stock market response to monetary policy instruments in Indonesia that are researched using ARDL models.</p>
Ekologia rodziny w kontekście współczesnego społeczeństwa
Authors: Bołoz Wojciech 
Published: January 2021

The family is a basic and solid part of a social structure, but it is always set in historical and cultural contexts, therefore over the centuries the family has been undergoing constant evolution: the form of the family and its functions change. In post-modern societies family standards are being more frequently abandoned in favour of so called “post-family” family which takes form of cohabitation and alternative ways of living: living alone, mono parentalship and homosexual partnerships.
Cohabitation means living together without a formal base. It is undertaken in order to ease a life together, facilitate economic functions of the partnership, accommodate lasting sexual relationship and bring up children. Cohabitation has an open structure, all can be discussed and depends on its members’ will. It doesn’t determine the sex or the number of its member, doesn’t require living together or having children, although it is not exclusive.
The factors that lead to the abandonment of a traditional model of the family are: change of the women’s position in the social structure, equal rights, economic independence, separating sexual activity from reproduction, the impact of women movements and diminished meaning of the purpose of a marriage - reproduction. “Freedom from a child” allows to make a better use of time for self fulfilment. All these factors lead to individualization of life, the process of individualization changes the members of the society into self efficient atoms, individuals who reject social life and its limits and only look after themselves, focus on their own development and destiny though many can’t tackle the situation and lose.
Ecology of the family, which is understood as the context for human development, comes with help to individuals lost in the era of the individualization of life. A known Werner- Wilson’s concept of ecology of the family includes inner- family relationships, relationships with other families, with a broader socio- cultural environment and natural environment- organic and non organic, in which the long lasting and dynamic process of human development occurs.
Użyteczność teorii Jonasa w rozstrzyganiu konkretnych problemów ekologicznych?
Authors: Chudzik Joanna 
Published: January 2021

The following article attempts to answer the question if it is possible to find criteria enabling to solve the ethical-political dilemmas such as the one of Rospudy Valley on the grounds of Jonas ethical theory, the answer to this question is reconsidered in the context of Jonas philosophical project which is the establishment of ethics for life in the ontology of organic being. On the grounds of metaphysics, Jonas justifies the constitutive link between consciousness with being and the absolute good in affirmation of the importance of existence over non-existence. Jonas shows both the continuity and special discontinuity of the human being within the domain of the livings However, he is not able to support his argument that the human being is the primary object of responsibility being ahead of other forms of organic life.
Jonas ethical theory ought to include the specification of moral principles that will be useful for clarifying the matters that must be preserved and defended.
Kwestia ochrony życia ludzkiego - czyli konieczność uznania miłości do człowieka za podstawę szacunku do naturalnego środowiska
Authors: Biały Stanisław 
Published: January 2021

The point of departure for the reflections in this article was the premise that the ecological crisis is the result not only of the degradation of nature, but also comes from the destruction of that environment, which is the spirituality of modern man. the point is that the more and more intensive use of the biosphere causes many unfavorable chemical and biological changes in the natural environment, which not only have their source in the way of thought and acting of man, but also have their effects on these.
Because of this, the author comes to the conclusions that among the fundamental tasks that are before the world of today, one must also include the equiping of man with an ecological knowledge (that is: with a determined set of information connected in a causal-consecutive system on the subject of the functioning of the natural environment and the dependences between it and civilization), but above all: with a system of values and their normative equivalents. Only in such a manner can people be instilled with an adequate attitude, understood as a developed feeling of a link with the world of nature and its parts. We speak here of the readiness for its defense, manifested in concrete actions.
Thus , an essential role of such a scientific discipline as environmental ethics shall be giving people the proper catalog of values and norms, which could properly form their motivations, attitudes and behavior as regards the natural environment, which at the end we call the relation of man to himself.
Rola uniwersytetów ludowych w ekologicznej edukacji młodzieży wiejskiej
Authors: Aptacy Janusz 
Published: January 2021

This article concerns widely perceived ecological education being provided among country youth by People’s Universities, their homeland is Denmark and M. F. S. Grundvig is concerned to be their father. He observed English educational system and the way of education with the usage of boarding schools and then he transmitted it to Denmark, where at the end of the 18th c. and at the beginning of the 19th century the role of peasants, who reached for power and had their own farms, increased, therefore, there was a necessity to create an integrated educational system for those people. Thiss way of educating was then carried to Poland by Ignacy Solarz and his wife Zofia Solarzowa - that took place in the mid-20th century. A special tribute of these educational institutions was reaching those country groups of people who were hungry for knowledge and social advance. People’s Universities had and have ecological education established in their educational programme. However, this education concerns integrated, harmonic and balanced development of the human being, since, if ecology means the knowledge about the environment, it is the human being that should be the most important, that should be the subject.In this system of educating one is not only concerned in gaining the knowledge, but also in ability to pass the gained knowledge, expressing one’s opinions, ability to make relations with people and with the world. This system is about the most integrated development of a student’s personality, the ecological education must not limit itself just to care about the nature, but it should also take into consideration the human’s psychology, environment in which one was brought up and also the values with which one was fed. That is why this widely taken ecology should not omit religious, cultural and patriotic values. And People’s Universities draw their attention to this kind of values.
Wpływ działalności promocyjno-informacyjnej administracji państwowej i samorządowej na rozwój regionu na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych w Ełku
Authors: Grott Edward 
Published: January 2021

Współczesna turystyka nie może istnieć bez promocji. Władze miasta Ełk i okolic upatrują szansę rozwoju gospodarczego w turystyce przy wykorzystaniu ogromnego potencjału jakim jest środowisko naturalne. W tej sytuacji oczywiste jest, że nie dbając o środowisko naturalne sami pozbawiamy się naszego głównego atutu w konkurencyjnej walce o turystę. Działalność promocyjno-informacyjna służy nie tylko indywidualnym turystom, ale również organizatorom wypoczynku grupowego, restauratorom, branży hotelarskiej jak również pojedynczym gospodarstwom agroturystycznym. Im większa jest świadomość społeczeństwa o stanie obecnym środowiska naturalnego w ich najbliższej okolicy, tym łatwiej jest zaplanować działania mające na celu jego ochronę, jak też organizację kampanii reklamowych regionu.Bardzo szeroki wachlarz dostępnych narzędzi w dziedzinie gromadzenia, przetwarzania i udostępniania informacji może być w pełni wykorzystywany w turystyce z pełnym uwzględnieniem grup odbiorców, rynków czy poszczególnych produktów. Takimi odbiorcami są m.in.: samorząd lokalny i gospodarczy, przewoźnicy, piloci, przewodnicy, twórcy produktów turystycznych, animatorzy wydarzeń kulturalnych, firmy poszukujące usług turystycznych, turyści indywidualni oraz grupy zorganizowane, lokalne społeczności, media, szkoły turystyczne.Region Polski Północno-Wschodniej jest wolny od ciężkiego przemysłu. Bogactwo fauny i flory oraz wyjątkowe walory krajobrazowe przez wiele organizacji międzynarodowych zastały uznane za przyrodnicze dziedzictwo Europy. Celem mieszkańców tych regionów powinno byc zachowanie i umacnianie tego wizerunku. Wiele jest przykładów państwa i regionów, które pogodziły rozwój gospodarczy z dbałością o środowisko naturalne. Warto dołączyć do tego elitarnego grona.
Sposoby ujmowania edukacji ekologicznej
Authors: Bernadkiewicz Agnieszka 
Published: January 2021

Recently, relation between human being and nature is mainly that environmental resources are gained by people to assurance themselves worthy living conditions. People’s actions are often not very well motivated, leading to serious consequences such as degradation of environmental components. The way of making use of biosphere components are undoubtedly depend on degree of ecological awareness and on people’s responsibility for environment. A creation of pro-ecological attitudes is one of main goals of ecological education. This article shows the ways of understanding ecological education, the areas of its interest, its essence, and the most important trends and values in the contemporary world.
Man’s Attitude Towards Nature and Animal Respect Questionnaire (AniRe-Que)
Authors: Kaliský Ján , Kaliská Lada 
Published: January 2021

The psychometric properties of the author´s original tool named Questionnaire of the Relations between a Man and Animals (further on AniRe-Que) was constructed to assess the relations between a man and animals as natural beings; calculated in the form of an R-score (R as respect). The questionnaire is based on the theoretical outcomes of an egalitarian zoocentric, ecoethical position attributing moral statues to all beings, and measures the level of respect expression to nonhuman beings. The aim of this study was to verify its validity and reliability in a research sample of future primary and secondary teachers (N = 500, 62% of females, Mage=22.3; SD=4.1) at Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia. Various statistical procedures were used to verify its construct validity (exploratory factor analysis /EFA/) and its convergent/discriminating character, criterion validity, and reliability (test-retest, parallel-forms, internal consistency) to establish satisfactory psychometric properties for the AniRe-Que questionnaire. The questionnaire has possible usage for the animal relation estimation by researchers, practitioners and teachers´ ethical and environmental education intervention effectivitiveness, and also as a form of future international cooperation and verification based on this new instrument.
Bulky Vehicles Recycling. Part 1 - Conditions for Recycling
Authors: Matuszewska Anna , Wieczorek Piotr , Samson-Bręk Izabela 
Published: January 2021

Recycling of end-of-life passenger vehicles is a well-known topic, and there are many literary reports in this regard. However, little information is available on the recycling of bulky vehicles, which determines the authors’ intention to present this issue. This article describes the loopholes that have prevented end-of-life vehicles from currently being recycled. The forms of recycling of these types of vehicles has been shown, and they are analogous to those for passenger cars. Also being presented are the causes of design changes in passenger cars and trucks, with the reasons for these changes being slightly different in bulky vehicles, than in passenger cars, and the article will discuss how these changes translate into recycling. Examples of actions taken by large vehicle manufacturers to meet the changes taking place in the economy, and implement the principles of the circular economy, in the field of recycling large-size vehicles, are also outlined.