bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NANOGrav signal as mergers of Stupendously Large Primordial Black Holes
Authors: Atal Vicente , Sanglas Albert , Triantafyllou Nikolaos 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We give an explanation for the signal detected by NANOGrav as the stochastic gravitational wave background from binary mergers of primordial “Stupendously Large Black Holes”(SLABs) of mass M ∼ (1011-1012)M
☉, and corresponding to roughly 0.1% of the dark matter. We show that the stringent bounds coming from μ distortions of the CMB can be surpassed if the perturbations resulting in these BHs arise from the non-Gaussian distribution of fluctuations expected in single field models of inflation generating a spike in the power spectrum. While the tail of the stochastic background coming from binaries with M ≲ 1011
M
☉ could both fit NANOGrav and respect μ distortions limits, they become excluded from large scale structure constraints.
Single-Phase Transformerless Line Interactive Uninterruptable Power Supply with Two Independent Control Algorithms
Authors: Halim Nur Sabrina Abdul , Rahman Nor Farahaida Abdul , Baharom Rahimi , Zainuri Muhammad Ammirrul Atiqi Mohd 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the development of two independent control algorithms for an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS). It is a mitigation tool to mitigate power interruption. The UPS circuit consists of a bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter, a rechargeable battery and a DC-AC/AC-DC converter. The bidirectional DC-DC converter has a function of charging (buck) or discharging (boost) the battery for maintaining DC-link voltage connected to the DC-AC/AC-DC converter. During the normal mode operation, the DC-AC/AC-DC converter supplies voltage to the bidirectional converter by performing AC to DC conversion. Instead, during the backup mode, the converter supplies voltage to the load by performing DC to AC conversion. In this work, a single-loop voltage control algorithm regulates the bidirectional converter. For the DC-AC/AC-DC converter, a multi-loop control algorithm regulates the output current using the inner loop and the output voltage using the outer loop. MATLAB/Simulink simulates the UPS to determine its performance during normal and backup mode operation. From the simulation results, both independent control algorithms can regulate the operation of both converters during both modes of operation. As a result, the UPS system is capable of supplying sinusoidal waveforms with low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of output current and output voltage. Both THD values are below 4%.
Systematic Literature Review and Critical Success Factor Analysis to Determine a Model’s Implementation Elements
Authors: Ismail S , Marjudi S , Wan Hassan W A , Raja Lope Ahmad R M T , Md Kassim A A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Model implementation is a tedious process. The theoretical studies of a concept and its implementation are quite challenging. One of the biggest challenges is to identify a model’s elements, especially when it involves integrating two or more complex and dynamic fields into one combined model. This research aims to identify the implementation elements of a shariah compliant business analytics model called Halal Supply Chain Management Transactions (HSCMT) Model. This research used Systematic Literature Review (SLR) in order to qualitatively analyse the Critical Success Factor (CSF) of HSCMT, which produced the HSCMT Model implementation elements. The CSF Analysis results showed that there were 19 related CSF elements with emphasis of 57.9% on external factors and 89.5% on building-adapting factors. Results also showed that the most important aspect of HSCMT were environmental factors, followed by factors of SME owners and their organization, the Halal industry, and lastly the role of financial institutes. This proves that both SLR and CSF can be used as integration tools in identifying a model’s implementation element, thus improving data collections method for models when researching in a movement constraint period such as during a pandemic outbreak.
An Efficient of Chimera Grid Scheme with Spline Interpolation in FBTS Inversion Technique for Extremely Dense Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Wee B S , Hong Ping K , Sahrani S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Microwave imaging system is classified as non-invasive, simple to perform and inexpensive compared to MRI and X-Ray machine. Therefore, the novel idea of this research work is to develop a Chimera Grid Scheme (CGS) incorporate with the microwave inverse scattering technique in a low cost, non-ionising and safe short-range. The CGS with spline interpolation in Forward Backward Time-Stepping (FBTS) inversion technique can determined an accurate result especially for the biological anomalies like breast tumours at an early curable stage due to the high electrical properties contrast between malignant cells and normal cells. The findings showed that the proposed method successfully detected and reconstructed the breast structure in relative permittivity profiles. The quantitative information of reconstructed images, such as location, shape, size and internal composition also can be obtained. Furthermore, the normalised functional error for proposed method was also lower than the FDTD method in FBTS. At 150th iteration, the difference of normalised functional error between these two methods was 1.74 × 10−5. The result shows that the CGS method in FBTS inversion technique would reconstruct breast composition more precisely.
Association rule mining method for the identification of internet use
Authors: Wibowo Wahyu , Sari Natalia Permata , Wilantari Regina Niken , Abdul-Rahman Shuzlina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Internet penetration in the majority of Indonesian cities has exponentially increased, as seen from the increasing number of internet users in schools, businesses and society in general. The purpose of internet use varies to include searching for information, sending emails, chatting, entertainment, as well as buying and selling goods/services, among other reasons. However, it is compelling to note that one of the factors affecting internet use is gender. Hence, this research aims to reveal the different patterns in internet use by considering gender differences. The data comes from the National Social Economic Survey conducted in the East Java Province, and association rule is used for the data mining method. The results from examining one itemset show that both male and female genders mostly use the internet to access social media. However, the outcomes are different for other itemsets. The results from analysing two itemsets based on male and female groups reveal that both genders use the internet for financial services and news. The use of association rule mining to examine three itemsets demonstrates that most male users simultaneously access emails, financial services and news. Meanwhile, most female users access financial services, goods/services and news.
Analysis of Green IoT
Authors: Khan Nitasha , Sajak Aznida Abu Bakar , Alam Muhammad , Mazliham M.S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) is an idea and theory of connecting billions of devices and enable them to exchange a massive amount of information. Green IoT visualize the theory of IoT with improved energy efficiency. The overview of Green IoT and the challenges that were faced due to the excessive usage of energy hungry IoT devices were given initially. The research of energy efficiency in IoT had been presented extensively in this paper. Authors presented some challenges, existing works, opportunities, and future directions of green IoT.
AUTOMOTIVE COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM (ACAS) APPLICATION
Authors: Jamlos Mohd Aminudin , Moorali Jegan , Mustafa Wan Azani Wan , Idrus Syed Zulkarnain Syed 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Automotive collision avoidance system is a system that avoid collision when danger occur. It is also very helpful in order to alert the drivers and passengers. The system also reacts to danger automatically, faster, and more efficient. The system is implemented on a remote control car. The remote control car can automatically brake when the difference between front ultrasonic sensor and obstacle is less than 35cm. While the system applies automatic braking system a red LED will light on. Furthermore, the system is also surrounded with another 3 ultrasonics which is on both sides and at the back of the prototype. In this project, this system is using 2 controllers which is Raspberry Pi 4B and Arduino Uno. A camera module is connected to Rasberry Pi which detects the corresponding object. Next, the ultrasonic sensor is used to detect distance and send the reading to Arduino Uno to calculate distance. LCD is used to display the calculated distance. This system also uses dc motor to control the movement of the remote control car through the Arduino Uno controller LED’s and a buzzer is used as alerting devices for the prototype.
Development of MySimB’: A Motivational Aspect
Authors: Aziz Nur Sukinah , Yacob Azliza , Sulaiman Noor Suhana , Hassan Wan Nur Idayu Tun Mohd , Rahman Saadiah A , Zakaria Nur Liyana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Simpulan Bahasa is one of essential learning subject in Malaysia. Most students learn Simpulan Bahasa by reading books, which considered as normal/manual practice. If student intent to search Simpulan Bahasa, student have to search through books as the dictionary of proverbs. It is however quite ancient and sometimes burdensome for student to bring the dictionary. According to this matter, MySimB’ was developed through mobile learning using ADDIE methodology. The development of MySimB’ inention is to help primary school student to learn a standard Malay Simpulan Bahasa easily and effectively. MySimB’ is interactive website which was developed to ease learning and interactive medium for student, teacher and parent to learn or teach Simpulan Bahasa. MySimB’ provide index using alphabetic, meaning and an example of sentence for each Simpulan Bahasa, searching and learning games to attract student in Simpulan Bahasa learning.
Determination of Suitable Resource Discovery Tool and Methodology for High-Volume Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Bakar Mohd Tamizan Abu , Jamal Azrul Amri 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses several issues supporting a knowledge-based methodology for discovery of high-volume IoT resources in the simulator NS-3 environment. We found the concept was developed in previous researches, especially based on widely accepted concepts of Q-Learning discovery model. The model is validated using samples from emulations of tested data in the NS-3 simulator. Proper simulation in NS-3 based on the different modules such as checkpoint and restore was used to model and analyse the data. The main feasibility checkpointing concept of simulations in the NS-3 processes were using Distributed Multi-Threaded Checkpointing (DMTCP) to run on a single machine and Message Passing Interface (MPI) under distributed machine to speed up the NS-3 model initialization and execution. As the chosen model to be implemented in this analysis, the Q-learning algorithm proposal offers a possible solution for addressing evolving IoT environments and configurations. Q-learning is one of the successful techniques available for the exploration of IoT nodes, but context-based problems have already been established and simplified as issues of dedicated server management, IoT object data acquisition issues, and unique application requirements. The findings empirically support the validation of the Q-Learning model improvement for high-volume IoT resource discovery cases. The study will contribute to the new model development by providing new insights on the conceptualization and validation of knowledge-based methodology based on widely accepted techniques and approaches.
IoT Real-Time Soil Monitoring Based on LoRa for Palm Oil Plantation
Authors: Saleh Muhammad Syarafuddin Md , Sajak Aznida Abu Bakar , Mohamad Rafidei , Zaaba Mohd Ariff Majmi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
IoT Real-Time Soil Monitoring based on LoRa for Palm Oil Plantation is a prototype that can send data to the receiver using LoRa technology. The prototype used LoRa technology because it is a long range and low-cost technology. The prototype used LoRa SX1278 and the sensors as the main components. It shows the communication between the sender and receiver of LoRa technology and notifies the user soil tilt and temperature in real time via the ThingSpeak platform. A tilt and temperature sensors must be attached at the LoRa sender. It then sends data to the LoRa receiver. As the data received by the receiver, it will then display the data using the serial monitor and also at the LoRa receiver’s OLED. This prototype is easy to use and easy to set up as the soil monitoring system. This Real-time Soil monitoring system helped the user to know the tilt and temperature readings via the ThingSpeak.
Numerical investigation of Two-phase Turbulent forced convection heat transfer and flow of nanofluids in a non-parallel wall minichannel heat sink
Authors: Muhammad N M , Sidik N A C , Saat Aminuddin , Japar W A M , Yusop S N , Asako Y 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A Miniaturisation is an advance micro-technology of size reduction of handheld electronic devices which significantly enhance their performance though with a substantial increase in a thermal generation. Quick and efficient dissipation of the heat flux ensures reliability and prevent premature failure. This work employs simultaneous passive techniques of using nanofluid and corrugated minichannel configuration on forced convection heat to improve hydro-thermal performance and examine the effect of nanofluids on heat transfer and pressure drop. The CFD analysis is conducted by FLUENT software using two-phase mixture model under a uniform heat flux for two different water-based nanofluids with volume fractions of 0.005–0.03 and the range of Reynolds numbers 5000–10000. Validation of the numerical results with existing data in the literature displays a good agreement with a fair deviation. The results indicated that the heat transfer rates and wall shear stress increase with the increase of the nanofluid volume concentration. Besides, Heat transfer coefficient appreciates by about 39% at 3vol% with an increase of Re from 5000 to 10000 for both nanofluids. In contrast, the friction factor increases and causes a fair pressure drop. Hence passive enhancement techniques used indicated high suitability for hydro-thermal performance in compact electronic devices.
Smart Control Led Downlight, Socket and Switch Using IOT With QR Security
Authors: Hussian Ammar Husaini , Ali Kharudin , Hat Afidatul Nadia Mok , Atan Farraniza , Mohd Wan Syahidah Wan , Ayub Mohd Anuar Mohamed , Shaharudin Mohd Rizal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the project was to design a smart control LED downlight and socket using IoT system with QR security. It was proposed to solve the user problem when they forget to switch OFF the LED downlight and socket when they are not around. The function of this system is to control and monitor the ON/OFF the LED downlight and socket by using Internet of Things (IOT). Only user with Quick Response (QR) code can control and monitor the system.
Thermal behaviour of different non-ionic surfactant concentration on the polymeric membrane
Authors: BadrulHaswan B , Hassan A R , Ali K , Redhwan A A M , Nasir A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The principal objective of a study is indeed a well-functioning membrane such as high reject efficiency and high flow rate. In fact, too many studies are carried out on factors influencing the membrane, such as pressure intensity, polymer form, additive type, temperature influence during processing, and so on. Therefore, the study of thermal behaviour of surfactant concentration is vital to study the glass transition effect in good membrane production. Therefore, in this study, the main objective is to analyse the morphology structural effect of TX 100 surfactant on membrane by FTIR spectrum, and also to evaluate the thermal behaviour of different concentration of surfactant on membrane using DSC analysis. In order to study the thermal behaviour, membrane with 0, 1, 3 and 5 wt% was prepared. The effects of TX 100 concentration on membrane and thermal analysis have been studied and discussed. Membrane without TX 100 has 30 °C of glass transition temperature (Tg) while membrane with 5 wt% TX 100 has the highest Tg among the membranes. Therefore, the addition of surfactant to the membrane has an effect on Tg, thereby also impacting the porosity.
Investigation the effect of heat treatment on brass defect measurement using Eddy Current Testing
Authors: Rifai Damhuji , Ibrahim Mohd Fadhil , Ali Kharudin , Abdalla Ahmed N. , Faraj Moneer A. , Pazikadin Abdul Rahim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Eddy current technology has been used as a non-destructive method of measuring material properties for many years. Most applications of the eddy current technique lie in locating surface or subsurface flaws and evaluating material characteristics. This paper investigated the effect of heated brass material on material conductivity and defect measurement using eddy current testing (ECT). The ECT signal is compared and analyses in order study the effect of annealing on electrical properties of brass material. Brass block sample is designed and artificial defect with depth of 0.5mm 1.00mm and 2.00mm fabricated using Electrical discharge machining (EDM) machine. Industrial standard ECT set is used inspect the conductivity depth of defect brass sample before and after annealing process. Different frequency of ECT coil excitation are applied in order to determine the suitable ECT inspection frequency on brass material. The experimental results show the heat treatment decrease the conductivity of brass material. Due the changes of electrical properties on heated brass, the measurement of depth defect affected the value of amplitude ECT signal. Where the heated brass material reduced 10% IACS signal.
Electrical Conductivity of Electroless Nickel/YSZ deposition for SOFC anode
Authors: Nazhan S. A. , Bahiyah Baba N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper discusses on the electrical conductivity on nickel-yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) deposition for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode. The work measures the thickness of Ni-YSZ deposition onto substrate and the electrical conductivity of the anode of SOFC. The thickness of deposition is measured using digital micrometer while the conductivity is obtained by measuring resistance using Fluke multimeter. The factors in this work are particle size and particle condition and using Taguchi method to design the experiment in Minitab 19. It was found out that optimal parameter for high thickness of deposition and high conductivity is nano particle size and uncoated particle condition. The sample using optimal parameter were measured of its conductivity in SOFC environment using furnace up to 700°C. It shows that the optimum condition for SOFC anode is at 700°C to achieved high electrical conductivity. The electrical conductivity performance of Ni/YSZ anode fabricated by electroless nickel deposition was found out comparable to previous study.
Optimum Wavelength for Oxygen Detection using optical absorption
Authors: Ibrahim MT , Manap H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oxygen gas detection systems are used in many areas such as environment, clinical, food and automotive industries. Most of the detection systems are based on chemical absorption sensing method. This type of sensing method has their own drawbacks. Therefore, a development of a new oxygen sensor using an optical method is necessary as an alternative to the current sensors. A preliminary study on the molecular absorption cross section for oxygen gas is vital to determine the optimum wavelength is reported. The experimental setup consists of four major components which are light source, gas cell, detector and optical fibre cable. For the light source, a deuterium-halogen bulb will be used as it can provide a broadband wavelength light source from 215 nm - 2500 nm. A miniature spectrometer will be used as the detector and the gas cell is connected to the light source and detector using the optical fibre cables. A software package to display absorption of oxygen molecules is installed in a computer to study on the optimum wavelength. The experiment results show that the light is most absorbed at 230 nm and absorption is increased by cell length. The highest absorption was observed to be in a 100 cm gas cell length with pressurized 5 bar of 99% pure oxygen gas. Based on this result, a wavelength of 230 nm is selected as optimum wavelength to detect oxygen.
Optimization on the Effect of Nozzle Orifice Coolant Supply during Machining Automotive Material Al319
Authors: Zainal Ariffn S , Efendee A. M. , Alias M. , Redhwan A.A.M. , Muhamed M.N. , Yusoff Ahmad Razlan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The thermal effect of the adhesive material of Aluminum Alloy 319 (Al319) on the cutting tool (insert) causes major problems in surface roughness, tool wear, as well as temperature due to the tendency to melt during the cutting process which can lead to the formation of formed edges, inaccuracies of measurement on the workpiece, surface damaged due to oxidation, which can reduce the life of the insert. The objective of this research is to optimize the nozzle cooling system method in the machining performance of Aluminum alloy 319 to achieve good surface roughness, low-temperature reading, and less insert wear by selecting machining parameters appropriate to cutting speed, cutting depth, and feed rate. The variety of orifice nozzle measurements used from nozzles 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm with the use of different machining parameters (cutting and spindle speed and with fixed cutting depth) using on CNC lathe condition. This method is done by the basic reaction surface (RSM), which is one of the alternative methods to minimize the cutting process that can be done at high cutting speed in which the temperature can minimize the formation of wear on the insert. Built-in edges and thermal construction can reduce the roughness of the work surface. The results of this research the smallest orifice nozzle used able to minimize the thermal impact and reduce the temperature that causes the arrangement of lower build edges (BUE). Therefore, better surface roughness, minimum insert use as well as low temperatures can be achieved. This is because the direction of the coolant can be directed at a point that can remove heat from the chips. The use of cutting fluid from the smallest nozzle size and technical conditions in the machining process can also be offered to obtain productivity, high-quality products, lower costs as well as minimize environmental impact (refrigerant waste is generated). This research is very useful to minimize the cost of the machining process budget and also increase productivity in the machining industry and can also decrease the dependency of machine operators on the skills and knowledge available.
An Extensive Comparison Between CBSEM and Consistent PLS-SEM On Producing the Estimates of Construct Correlation in Applied Research
Authors: Afthanorhan Asyraf , Awang Zainudin , Aimran Nazim , Arifin Juliana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is always recognized as the method of choice across research fields when involving multiple construct, observed variables and relationships. However, there are a very few studies had investigated the SEM efficiency on producing the construct correlation. Thus, the Monte Carlo simulation was conducted on two different methods (CBSEM and Consistent PLS) using different sample size and model. The findings revealed that the CBSEM is performed consistently than Consistent PLS when the model being tested is in factor. The recommendations also provided to guide the SEM users.