bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of blood to nuclear Overhauser effect at −1.6 ppm
Authors: Cui Jing , Zhao Yu , Wang Feng , Gochberg Daniel F. , Zu Zhongliang 
Published: September 2021

PurposeA relayed nuclear Overhauser enhancement (rNOE) saturation transfer effect at around −1.6 ppm from water, termed NOE(−1.6), was previously reported in rat and human brain, and some publications suggest that it may be related to blood. Here, we studied whether the NOE(−1.6) arises from blood through in vivo and ex vivo experiments.MethodsTo evaluate the contribution from in vivo blood to NOE(−1.6), intravascular signals in rat brain were suppressed by two approaches: (1) signal acquisition with a diffusion‐weighting of b = 400 s/mm2; (2) intravascular injection of 5 mg/kg monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticle (MION). Ex vivo blood sample was also prepared. The signals were acquired using a chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) pulse sequence. Multiple‐pool Lorentzian fitting of CEST Z‐spectra was performed to quantify the NOE(−1.6) signal.ResultsThere are no significant variations in the fitted in vivo NOE(−1.6) signals when measured with or without diffusion‐weighting, but significant signal decease does occur after injection of MION. The NOE(−1.6) signal from ex vivo blood is weaker than that from in vivo tissues.ConclusionConsidering the relatively small volume of blood in brain, the in vivo experiments with diffusion weighting and the ex vivo experiments both suggest that the NOE(−1.6) is not mainly from blood. The mechanism for the in vivo experiments with MION are less clear. MION not only suppresses MR signals from intravascular space, but changes the susceptibility in the perivascular space. This result suggests that although the NOE(−1.6) is not mainly from blood, it may be vasculature dependent.
What are the risk factors associated with limited musculoskeletal health literacy in shoulder arthroplasty patients?
Authors: Sabbagh Ramsey S. , Shah Nihar S. , Newyear Brian M. , Matar Robert N. , Johnson Brian M. , Grawe Brian M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesLow health literacy is both pervasive in the United States and a substantial barrier to satisfactory patient care and the appropriate utilization of healthcare resources. This prospective study aims to evaluate the factors that contribute to limited musculoskeletal literacy in patients who undergo shoulder arthroplasty.MethodsNinety patients undergoing shoulder replacement surgery completed demographics and Literacy in Musculoskeletal Problems (LiMP) surveys. Scores of less than six were considered indicative of limited musculoskeletal literacy.ResultsThe overall percentage of participants with limited musculoskeletal literacy was 38.8%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with multiple imputation modeling demonstrated a significant positive relationship between patient income and adequate LiMP scores (p = 0.009) with an odds ratio of 1.15 (CI: 1.04; 1.28) while level of education (p = 0.173) and patient ethnicity (p = 0.830) among other patient characteristics did not have a significant relationship with LiMP scores.ConclusionIn patients undergoing shoulder replacement surgery, low income was the only variable found to be predictive of limited musculoskeletal health literacy scores. Therefore, when discussing the risks and benefits of shoulder arthroplasty, orthopaedic surgeons should be cognizant of the possibility that any given patient may not meet the threshold of adequate musculoskeletal literacy.
Applications of high‐resolution borehole image rapid synthesis method for the refined detection of in‐suit rock mass structural features during deep‐buried geotechnical engineering
Authors: Zou Xianjian , Wang Chao , Song Huan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe refined detection of in‐suit rock mass structural features always plays an important part in geomechanics and geotechnical engineering, but actual image resolution of the obtained borehole image by present borehole camera system cannot meet the requirements of real‐time and precise analysis of rock structures. Faced with hundreds of boreholes in the deep‐buried geotechnical engineering, a high‐resolution borehole image rapid synthesis method is provided for solving the actual application problems during the geological exploration. Results show the rapid synthesis method of high‐resolution borehole image by using image mosaic and data fusion techniques can improve the resolution and sharpness of the obtained borehole image with better work efficiency. The lateral resolution and longitudinal resolution of the synthetic borehole images can be up to 0.1 mm for the refined detection of in‐suit rock mass structural features in deep‐buried boreholes. The applications of this method can improve the refined detection process of in‐suit rock mass structural features with automation and intelligent, and promotes the innovation and development of borehole camera technique during the applications in the geological exploration of deep‐buried geotechnical engineering.
Urinary symptoms in older people with low back pain: Prevalence, clinical, and functional factors associated
Authors: Barbosa Juliana M. M. , de Amorim Juleimar S. C. , de Jesus‐Moraleida Fabianna R. , Rocha Vitor T. M. , Silva Juscelio P. da , de Professor Bárbara Z. , Felício Diogo C. , Assis Marcela G. , Pereira Leani S. M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsTo identify the prevalence, clinical and functional factors associated with urinary symptoms (US) in community‐dwelling older adults with acute low back pain (LBP).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of data's baseline of Back Complaints in the Elders Consortium. All elders had LPB heightened. We analyzed data on urinary symptoms, intensity of pain (Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), disability (Roland Morris [RM]), depressive symptoms (CES‐D), and gait speed (m/s) in the Brazilian older adults. The sample was of 586 consecutive participants of BACE‐Study. Ethical approval was obtained. In addition to the prevalence analysis, logistic regression analysis was performed.ResultsThe prevalence of US was 18.4% and were associated with CES‐D (odds ratio [OR] = 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.66–4.86), slower gait speed (OR = 0.33; 95% CI 0.14–0.78), and LBP‐related disability (OR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.04–1.13) after adjusting for radiculophaty and other confounding factors.ConclusionsIn community‐dwelling older people with LBP, US were associated with depressive symptoms, gait speed, and disability. Our findings may provide a new framework for US management with respect to clinical and functional capacity. Specific physical examinations should be encouraged to assess the with acute LBP and US. Others factors can be associated with US in elders with LBP.
Nanocomposites of PVA/cellulose nanocrystals: Comparative and stretch drawn properties
Authors: Ejara Tolessa Mengistu , Balakrishnan Subramanian , Kim Jeong Cheol 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites were made using two different cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Sugarcane bagasse‐based CNC and a commercial CNC were used in preparing nanocomposites. Both types of nanocomposites were prepared by solution casting method at 5 wt% CNC. PVA and nanocomposites films were also stretch‐drawn four times to study the nature of reinforcement by two different CNCs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to examine functional group characteristics. Nanocomposite morphology and crystalline structures were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were used to study thermal properties. Tensile properties were used to study mechanical properties. Commercial CNC reinforcement improves the tensile properties of PVA. However, laboratory CNC reinforcement decreases the tensile properties of PVA due to nanocrystal agglomeration and uneven dispersion. All stretch‐drawn nanocomposite films showed a significant increase in tensile strength and modulus values at the expense of strain at break. Water absorption of PVA/commercial CNC nanocomposites was slightly higher than that of pure PVA.
Capsules with polyurea shells and ionic liquid cores for CO2 capture
Authors: Gaur Samanvaya S. , Edgehouse Katelynn J. , Klemm Aidan , Wei Peiran , Gurkan Burcu , Pentzer Emily B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany ionic liquids (ILs) have good solubilities of CO2 but the high viscosity of ILs makes them cumbersome and kinetically limits gas uptake. Encapsulation of ILs is an effective approach to overcoming these limitations. In capsules with a core of IL, the chemical composition of the shell impacts performance. Here, we report the preparation of capsules with a core of the IL [Bmim][PF6] and polymer composite shell, then evaluate how the identity of the polymer impacts CO2 uptake. IL‐in‐oil Pickering emulsions stabilized by nanosheets are used, with capsules formed by interfacial polymerization between different diamines and diisocyanates (e.g., shells are polyurea and nanosheets). The capsules contain 60–80 wt% IL and the composition was verified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and particle sizing data showed spherical, discrete capsules with 50–125 μm in diameter. All capsules are stable up to 250°C. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis of CO2 gas uptake data showed that different polymer compositions led to different CO2 uptake properties, with capacity ranging from 0.065 to 0.025 moles of CO2/kg sorbent at 760 torr and 20°C. This work demonstrates that the polymer identity of the shell impacts gas uptake properties and supports that shell composition can tailor performance.
Potential use of albumin and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio to guide the evaluation and treatment of cancer‐related depression and anxiety
Authors: McFarland Daniel C. , Applebaum Allison J. , Bengtsen Erik , Alici Yesne , Breitbart William , Miller Andrew H. , Nelson Christian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDepression and anxiety are common and associated with inflammation in patients with cancer. Inflammatory indices such as albumin and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) obtained from metabolic panels and complete blood counts should be available for mental health professionals treating anxiety and depression at cancer centers. We hypothesized that albumin and NLR extrapolated from non‐mental health oncology appointments would be associated with anxiety and depression and drawn close enough to psychiatry visits to be useful for the psycho‐oncologist.Materials & MethodsDepression and anxiety were evaluated in patients (n = 97) referred to a cancer center psychiatric service for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 and General Anxiety Disorder‐7. Albumin concentration and NLR were assessed for timing and correlation strength with anxiety and depression by setting (localized/metastatic cancer).ResultsMost patients (96%) had albumin or NLR available at any time point of which 45% were drawn within one week of the psychiatric appointment. No significant correlations were noted when evaluating localized cancer or NLR exclusively. For patients with metastatic cancer, anxiety and depression were correlated with albumin at any time point (r = −0.28, p < 0.05; r = −0.40, p < 0.01, respectively) and within a week of psychiatry appointment (r = −0.40, p < 0.05; r = −0.68, p < 0.001, respectively). Albumin evaluated within a week predicted 32% of depression score variance (β = −0.63, p = 0.002). Hypoalbuminemia (<3.8 g/ul) was associated with anxiety (χ2 = 4.43, p = 0.04) and depression (χ2 = 11.06, p = 0.001).ConclusionHypoalbuminemia in patients with metastatic cancer may help establish the presence or persistence of anxiety, depression, treatment refractoriness, and the use of inflammation in cancer‐related psychological symptom management.
Multiple TaqMan qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) diagnostics for pesticide resistance monitoring and management, in the major agricultural pest Tetranychus urticae
Authors: Mavridis Konstantinos , Papapostolou Kyriaki Maria , Riga Maria , Ilias Aris , Michaelidou Kleita , Bass Chris , Van Leeuwen Thomas , Tsagkarakou Anastasia , Vontas John 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDDecisions on which pesticide to use in agriculture are expected to become more difficult, as the number of available chemicals is decreasing. For Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae), a major pest for which a number of candidate markers for pesticide resistance are in place, molecular diagnostics could support decision‐making for the rational use of acaricides.RESULTSA suite of 12 TaqMan qPCR assays [G314D (GluCl1), G326E, I321T (GluCl3), G119S, F331W (Ace‐1), H92R (PSST), L1024V, F1538I (VGSC), I1017F (CHS1), G126S, S141F, P262T (cytb)], were validated against Sanger‐sequencing, and subsequently adapted for use with the ddPCR technology. The concordance correlation coefficient between the actual and ddPCR measured mutant allelic frequencies was 0.995 (95% CI = 0.991–0.998), and no systematic, proportional, or random differences were detected. The achieved Limit of Detection (LoD) was 0.1% (detection of one mutant in a background of 999 wild type mites). The ddPCR assay panel was then assessed in terms of agreement with phenotypic resistance, through a pilot application in field populations from Crete, with strong correlation and thus predictive and diagnostic value of the molecular assays in some cases (e.g., etoxazole and abamectin resistance). Molecular diagnostics were able to capture incipient resistance that was otherwise missed by phenotypic bioassays. The molecular and phenotypic resistance screening of T. urticae field populations from Crete, revealed both multi‐resistant and susceptible populations.CONCLUSIONThe highly sensitive T. urticae molecular diagnostic platforms developed in this study could prove a valuable tool for pesticide resistance management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Exploring the potential of tetraazaacene derivatives as photovoltaic materials with enhanced photovoltaic parameters
Authors: Fatima Rida , Shehzad Rao Aqil , Rasool Alvina , Yaseen Muhammad , Iqbal Saleem , Saif Muhammad Jawwad , Iqbal Javed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA series of D‐π‐A type molecules have been designed for their potential use in organic photovoltaic devices. Photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties of newly designed molecules have been explored by comparing with a reference molecule R comprising of the central core (2,3,8,9‐tetrakis(thiophen‐2‐ylethynyl)‐5,7,10,12‐tetrakis((trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)pyrazino[2,3‐b]phenazine) and π‐bridge (thiophene). The end groups are (2‐(2‐ethylidene‐3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1 ylidene)malononitrile), (2‐ethylidenemalonitrile), (methyl 2‐cyanoacrylate) and (3‐methyl‐5‐methylene‐2‐thioxothiazolidin‐4‐one) in the newly designed molecules. Among the investigated molecules M1 and M2 exhibit a broad absorption range of 627 and 626 nm with respect to the reference. All the designed molecules exhibited a lower bandgap as compared to R which indicates a better transfer of electron density from highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). The reorganization energy values show that all designed molecules have efficient charge transport capability. This study proves that end‐capped acceptor modification is an effective strategy for designing optimistic molecule for high performance future organic solar cells fabrication.
Public support for sustainable development and environmental policy: A case of the Czech Republic
Authors: Čábelková Inna , Smutka Luboš , Strielkowski Wadim 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhile the scientific community presents a relatively uniform conclusion on the ongoing global warming and the policies that are essential for sustainable development and the mitigation of the negative effects of climate change, the public opinion on the topic is far from uniform. This article studies the factors related to public awareness of climate change and environmental policy, public ideas on the supposed effects of climate change, the belief on whether climate change is caused by human activities, and the perceived possibilities to alleviate climate change by humans. We employ a set of ordinal multinomial regression analyses with spline corrections for ordinal predictors on a representative sample of 1021 respondents (aged 15–86 years, M ± SD: 47.15 ± 17.46; 19.4% with higher education, 50.60% women) from the Czech Republic. Our results suggest that life satisfaction, belief in God, interest in climate‐related issues, and the attitude to the European Union were the most relevant factors. Older people were less interested in climate, less aware of sustainable development and climate change, and less willing to take action. Women were more concerned with climate change compared to men. The effect of traditional mass media, Internet‐based social networks, and discussion forums, and personal discussions outside of the internet were less significant than expected. The article provides policy suggestions for enhanced stakeholder engagement as well as suggestions for further research on the topic.
Heterogeneous Integration of Chiral Lead–Chloride Perovskite Crystals with Si Wafer for Boosted Circularly Polarized Light Detection in Solar‐Blind Ultraviolet Region
Authors: Zhang Xinyuan , Weng Wen , Li Lina , Wu Hongchun , Yao Yunpeng , Wang Ziyang , Liu Xitao , Lin Wenxiong , Luo Junhua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChiral hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have been well developed for circularly polarized light (CPL) detection, while new members that target at solar–blind ultraviolet (UV) region remain completely unexplored. Here, an effective design strategy to demonstrate circular polarization‐sensitive solar–blind UV photodetection by growing wide‐bandgap chiral HOIP [(R)‐MPA]2PbCl4 ((R)‐MPA = methylphenethylammonium) single crystals onto silicon wafers, with well‐defined heterostructures, is reported. The solid mechanical and electrical connection between the chiral HOIP and silicon wafer results in strong built‐in electric field at heterojunction, providing a desirable driving force for separating/transporting carriers generated under CPL excitation at 266 nm. Unexpectedly, during such a transport process, not only the chirality of HOIP crystal is transferred to the heterostructure, but also the circular polarization sensitivity is significantly amplified. Consequently, anisotropy factor of the resultant detectors can reach up to 0.4 at zero bias, which is much higher than that of the pristine single‐phase chiral HOIP (≈0.1), reaching the highest among the reported CPL–UV photodetectors. As far as we know, the integration of chiral HOIP crystals with silicon technology is unprecedent, which paves a way for designing boosted‐performance CPL detectors in solar–blind UV region as well as for other advanced optoelectronic devices.
Angiomotin‐like 1 plays a tumor‐promoting role in glioma by enhancing the activation of YAP1 signaling
Authors: Xu Gang , Seng Zhiyuan , Zhang Ming , Qu Jianqiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAngiomotin‐like 1 (AMOTL1) is reportedly a pivotal tumor‐associated protein that is strongly associated with the tumorigenesis of multiple malignant tumors. However, the issue of whether AMOTL1 plays a role in the tumorigenesis of glioma remains unclear. The aim of this work was to explore the possible relationship between AMOTL1 and glioma progression. Results demonstrated that high levels of AMOTL1 in glioma tissues were associated with a reduced survival rate in patients with glioma. Cellular functional assays revealed that silencing of AMOTL1 in glioma cell lines substantially decreased cell proliferation and invasion and increased cell apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that silencing of AMOTL1 inhibited the activation of yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) and decreased the expression of YAP1 target genes. Reactivation of YAP1 reversed AMOTL1‐silencing‐induced antitumor effects, whereas inhibition of YAP1 abolished AMOTL1‐overexpression‐induced tumor‐promoting effects in glioma cells. Silencing of AMOTL1 also retarded the growth of glioma cell‐derived xenograft tumors in vivo. In conclusion, these findings suggested that AMOTL1 may exert a tumor‐promoting function in glioma by enhancing the activation of YAP1 signaling. This work suggested AMOTL1 as a potential target for the development of antiglioma therapy.
Survey of anthelmintic use in South American camelids in the UK
Authors: French Saffron , Sawran Ami , Betson Martha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGastrointestinal helminths are common in South American camelids in the UK. However, there are no anthelmintics currently licenced for camelids, leading to a limited evidence base for treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the usage of anthelmintics among UK camelid farmers.MethodsAn online questionnaire focusing on the use of anthelmintics in camelids was distributed to UK camelid owners in Spring 2019.ResultsForty‐nine of the 51 respondents treated their camelids with anthelmintics, while 21 (42.0%) reported a previous gastrointestinal helminth diagnosis on their farms. A wide variety of anthelmintics were employed and there was striking variation in treatment frequency, dosage and source of information used to select anthelmintic dosing regimen.ConclusionThis work highlights the need for quality efficacy studies of anthelmintics in camelids to provide an appropriate evidence base for treatment, as well as the need for better education for camelid owners on anthelmintics and anthelmintic resistance.
Inside‐out: Chinese academic assessments of large‐scale water infrastructure
Authors: Webber Michael , Han Xiao , Rogers Sarah , Wang Mark , Jiang Hong , Zhang Wenjing , Barnett Jon , Zhen Nahui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLittle is known in the international academic community about Chinese‐language research on water management. To remedy this deficit, this paper reviews current mainland Chinese understandings of the role of large‐scale water infrastructures as tools of water resources management. We reviewed 461 papers published in mainland Chinese journals by Chinese scholars. This review suggests that the dominant approach to water management reflects the confines of government priorities—large‐scale, concrete‐heavy, infrastructure‐based means of moving water around the country so as to meet demands and stimulate economic growth. Suppression of critical voices means that infrastructure is generally rendered apolitical: the critiques are about practical issues, such as technological, managerial, or administrative problems. There are exceptions to this characterization that adopt more critical frames; however, they reflect on water management elsewhere or in the past rather than on contemporary China. While these more critical papers are interesting and important contributions to our understanding of the politics of hydraulic infrastructures, the literature as a whole says little about the politics of infrastructure in China now. In effect, much of the literature in Chinese on water management in China simply acts as an arm of a machine—a network of corporations, universities, international institutions, and arms of the government, together tasked with identifying and framing what are water management issues, formulating standardized procedures for tackling those issues, and then constructing solutions to them.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Water Governance