bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Health Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic Reduce the Spread of Other Respiratory Infectious Diseases
Authors: Hu Cheng-yi , Tang Yu-wen , Su Qi-min , Lei Yi , Cui Wen-shuai , Zhang Yan-yan , Zhou Yan , Li Xin-yan , Wang Zhong-fang , Zhao Zhu-xiang 
Published: November 2021

Background: Public health measures (such as wearing masks, physical distancing, and isolation) have significantly reduced the spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), but the impact of public health measures on other respiratory infectious diseases is unclear.Objective: To assess the correlation between public health measures and the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We collected the data from the National Health and Construction Commission in China on the number of patients with six respiratory infectious diseases (measles, tuberculosis, pertussis, scarlet fever, influenza, and mumps) from 2017 to 2020 and assessed the correlation between public health measures and the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases. Finally, we used the data of the six respiratory infectious diseases in 2021 to verify our results.Results: We found public health measures significantly reduced the incidence of measles (p = 0.002), tuberculosis (p = 0.002), pertussis (p = 0.004), scarlet fever (p = 0.002), influenza (p = 0.034), and mumps (p = 0.002) in 2020, and prevented seasonal peaks. Moreover, the effects of public health measures were most marked during the peak seasons for these infections. Of the six respiratory infectious diseases considered, tuberculosis was least affected by public health measures.Conclusion: Public health measures were very effective in reducing the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases, especially when the respiratory infectious diseases would normally have been at their peak.
Supplemental Food Production With Plants: A Review of NASA Research
Authors: Johnson Christina M. , Boles Haley O. , Spencer LaShelle E. , Poulet Lucie , Romeyn Matthew , Bunchek Jess M. , Fritsche Ralph , Massa Gioia D. , O’Rourke Aubrie , Wheeler Raymond M. 
Published: November 2021

Bioregenerative life-support systems for space have been investigated for 60 years, and plants and other photosynthetic organisms are central to this concept for their ability to produce food and O2, remove CO2, and help recycle wastewater. Many of the studies targeted larger scale systems that might be used for planetary surface missions, with estimates ranging from about 40 to 50 m2(or more) of crop growing area needed per person. But early space missions will not have these volumes available for crop growth. How can plants be used in the interim, where perhaps &lt;5 m2of growing area might be available? One option is to grow plants as supplemental, fresh foods. This could improve the quality and diversity of the meals on the International Space Station or on the Lunar surface, and supply important nutrients to the astronauts for missions like Mars transit, and longer duration Martian surface missions. Although plant chambers for supplemental food production would be relatively small, they could provide the bioregenerative research community with platforms for testing different crops in a space environment and serve as a stepping stone to build larger bioregenerative systems for future missions. Here we review some of NASA’s research and development (ground and spaceflight) targeting fresh food production systems for space. We encourage readers to also look into the extensive work by other space agencies and universities around the world on this same topic.
Research on Applications of Transurethral Plasmakinetic Enucleation of the Prostate in Elderly Patients Aged ≥80 Years
Authors: Su Wen , Yi Ye , Zeng Liang , Tang Jin 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transurethral plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (PKERP) vs. transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in elderly patients aged ≥80 years with benign prostate hyperplasia.Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the PKERP (n = 123) and TURP (n = 143) in patients aged ≥80 years at urology department of The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2016 to October 2019. Then the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data of different indicators were compared between the two groups. The follow-up was done at 3 months, 1 year after surgical treatment.Results: No significant differences were observed between the two groups for the baseline characteristics, including age, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, concurrent disease, maximum urinary flow rate (MFR), international prostate symptoms score (IPSS), and quality of life (QoL) score. The operative time, hemoglobin decrease, and postoperative flushing time were significantly lower in the PKERP group compared with the TURP group. However, no significant differences were observed between both groups for postoperative hospital stay, incidence of transurethral resection syndrome (TURS), prostatic capsular perforation, and genuine urinary incontinence. The follow-up results showed that the MFR of the PKERP group was significantly higher than the TURP group at 1 year after surgery.Conclusion: Compared with TURP, PKERP is a safe and efficacious method for treating patients aged ≥80 years with benign prostate hyperplasia, and it may improve long-term urination symptoms.
Modeling Microwave Heating and Drying of Lignocellulosic Foams through Coupled Electromagnetic and Heat Transfer Analysis
Authors: Tauhiduzzaman Mohammad , Hafez Islam , Bousfield Douglas , Tajvidi Mehdi 
Published: November 2021

Microwave drying of suspensions of lignocellulosic fibers has the potential to produce porous foam materials that can replace materials such as expanded polystyrene, but the design and control of this drying method are not well understood. The main objective of this study was to develop a microwave drying model capable of predicting moisture loss regardless of the shape and microwave power input. A microwave heating model was developed by coupling electromagnetic and heat transfer physics using a commercial finite element code. The modeling results predicted heating time behavior consistent with experimental results as influenced by electromagnetic fields, waveguide size and microwave power absorption. The microwave heating modeling accurately predicted average temperature increase for 100 cm3 water domain at 360 and 840 W microwave power inputs. By dividing the energy absorption by the heat of vaporization, the amount of water evaporation in a specific time increment was predicted leading to a novel method to predict drying. Using this method, the best time increments, and other parameters were determined to predict drying. This novel method predicts the time to dry cellulose foams for a range of sample shapes, parameters, material parameters. The model was in agreement with the experimental results.
Puzzling Low-Temperature Behavior of the Van Der Waals Friction Force between Metallic Plates in Relative Motion
Authors: Dedkov George 
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the results of calculating the van der Waals friction force (dissipative fluctuation-electromagnetic force) between metallic (Au) plates in relative motion at temperatures close to 1 K. The stopping tangential force arises between moving plates along with the usual Casimir force of attraction, which has been routinely measured with high precision over the past two decades. At room temperatures, the former force is 10 orders of magnitude less than the latter, but at temperatures T<50 K, friction increases sharply. The calculations have been carried out in the framework of the Levin-Polevoi-Rytov fluctuation electromagnetic theory. For metallic plates with perfect crystal lattices and without defects, van der Waals friction force is shown to increase with decreasing temperature as T−4. In the presence of residual resistance ρ0 of the metal, a plateau is formed on the temperature dependence of the friction force at T→0 with a height proportional to ρ0−0.8. Another important finding is the weak force-distance dependence ~a−q (with q<1). The absolute values of the friction forces are achievable for measurements in AFM-based experiments.
Photostimulated luminescence in Tl-doped NH4Br translucent ceramics synthesized by SPS
Authors: Onoda Daichi , Kimura Hiromi , Kato Takumi , Nakauchi Daisuke , Kawaguchi Noriaki , Yanagida Takayuki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We have prepared Tl-doped NH4Br translucent ceramics by spark-plasma sintering and evaluated their photoluminescence (PL) and photostimulated luminescence (PSL) properties. In PL, two luminescence peaks appeared due to 3P1 → 1S0 transitions of Tl+ and off-center self-trapped excitons (STEs) localized around Tl+ in all the samples. In PSL, the 0.1%–3% Tl-doped samples showed luminescence related to the off-center STEs around 500 nm by stimulation light at 630 nm. When correlations between exposure dose and PSL intensity were examined, we confirmed that the 0.1%–1% and 3% Tl-doped samples showed linear responses over ranges of 10–10 000 and 1–10 000 mGy, respectively.
Rendimiento pronóstico de reglas de decisión clínica en síncope: un estudio piloto
Authors: Méndez Arnold 
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Desarrollar un estudio piloto de factibilidad de comparación del rendimiento pronóstico de las reglas de decisión clínica en pacientes con síncope. Objetivo secundario: Evaluar el rendimiento pronóstico de las reglas de decisión OESIL (Osservatorio Epidemiologico sulla Sincope nel Lazio), EGSYS (European Guidelines in Syncope Study), SFSR (San Francisco Syncope Rule) y su aplicación con los Ottawa Electrocardiographic Criteria (SFSR+Ottawa), en predicción de mortalidad por cualquier causa y desenlaces cardiovasculares y no cardiovasculares mayores a 7 y 30 días.

Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, prospectivo, tipo longitudinal, de no intervención, con muestreo por conveniencia. Se incluyeron pacientes >18 años de edad admitidos a urgencias con sincope menor o igual a 48 horas de evolución. Se compararon las reglas mediante curvas ROC y sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP y VPN para mortalidad y desenlaces mayores a 7 y 30 días.

Resultados: Se incluyeron 44 pacientes durante un periodo de 7 meses, hospitalizándose el 100%. El análisis ROC mostró una AUC para SFSR+Ottawa para mortalidad y/o desenlaces mayores a 7 días de 0,76(IC 95% 0.49-0.82) y 30 días 0,76(IC 95% o.49-0.82), con sensibilidad de 86% y 84% y especificidad de 45% y 47% a 7 y 30 días respectivamente.
Conclusiones
Es factible realizar un estudio de comparación de rendimiento pronóstico de reglas de decisión clínica de síncope en Colombia. La comparación realizada, sugiere un mejor desempeño de SFSR si se aplica con los criterios electrocardiográficos de Ottawa (SFSR+Ottawa) para la predicción de desenlaces a corto plazo.
Compreensão e entendimento de saúde vivenciado por pessoas em situação de rua
Authors: Chaves Júnior Paulo Roberto , Saraiva Aguiar Ricardo 
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento sobre o direito í saúde de pessoas em situação de rua. Método: estudo de natureza descritivo-exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido com 17 pessoas em situação de rua em um centro de referência especializado do Distrito Federal, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas gravadas, transcritas e analisadas mediante a análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob o parecer nº 3.604.566. Resultados: o conhecimento acerca dos direitos í saúde mostra-se insuficiente; o acesso aos serviços de saúde foi dificultado pela exigência de endereço fixo; e o preconceito pela condição de morador de rua e/ou pela orientação sexual esteve presente. Conclusão: evidencia-se a necessidade de educação em saúde e a reformulação das práticas dos profissionais de saúde para a garantia do acesso aos serviços de saúde para a população em situação de rua.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATERI STRUKTUR TUMBUHAN KELAS XI IPA 2 SMA SRIJAYANEGARA PALEMBANG
Authors: Susanti Rahmi - 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pre-Experimental dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest. Peserta didik yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian sebanyak 35 orang yang berasal dari kelas XI IPA 2 SMA Srijaya Negara Palembang. Sampling dilakukan secara simple random, data hasil belajar diambil dengan menggunakan instrumen soal bentuk pilihan ganda (25 soal). Uji normalitas dan uji hipotesis berturut-turut menggunakan Shapiro-Wilk dan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik dengan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05. Peningkatan hasil belajar termasuk dalam kategori sedang dengan nilai n-gain = 0,59. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada topik struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan.
PENGAJARAN NILAI BELA NEGARA MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN SEBAGAI UPAYA CEGAH DINI TERHADAP RADIKALISME
Authors: Waluyo Surryanto , Gustarina Cempaka Timur Fauzia , Susilawati Ningsih 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRAKAncaman radikalisme dan terorisme hingga saat ini masih berkembang di Indonesia. Kelompok yang rentan dari pergerakan gerakan radikal ini adalah pelajar sekolah menengah atas, civitas akademika kampus, serta masyarakat umum secara terbatas. Hal ini tentu saja menjadi ancaman serius bagi negara, karena dapat mengancam keamanannasional dan masyarakatnya. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilalukan pencegahan dini terhadap radikalisme yang dapat berujung pada aksi terorisme. Tindakan pencegahan ini dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai upaya seperti meningkatkanketahanan masyarakat. Dalam menjawab persoalan di atas, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analitis deskriptif, sehingga penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai fenomena gerakan radikal dan aksi terorisme di Indonesua dan menganalisis upaya pencegahan dini yang dapat dilakukan oleh Pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua pola penyebaran radikalisme di Indonesia, yaitu melalui Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) tertentu dan pembentukan kelompok-kelompok kajian. mengingat rentanya masyarakat khususnya kaum pelajar akan ancaman radikalisme ini, maka upaya pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pemahaman bela negara melalui mata pelajaran Pendidikan dan Kewarganegaraan. Dalam pelajaran ini, siswa / mahasiswa diberikan pemahaman mengenai nilai-nilai dasar bela negara, sehingga ancaman dari paham-paham radikalisme terhadap masyarakat dapat dicegah secara dini.Kata kunci: Radikalisme, Terorisme, Bela Negara, Perguruan Tinggi, dan Keamanan Nasional ABSTRACTAbstract:The threat of radicalism and terrorism is still on developing phase in Indonesia. Groups that are vulnerable to this radical movement are high school students, the campus academic community, and society in a limited manner. This is a serious threat to the state because it can threaten national security and the society. Therefore, it is necessary to do early prevention against radicalism which can lead to acts of terrorism. This preventive action can be done through various efforts such as increasing community resilience. In answering the problems above, this study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Furthermore, this research will describe the phenomenon of radical movements and acts of terrorism in Indonesia and analyzes early prevention efforts that can be carried out by the Government. The results showed that there were two patterns of the spread of radicalism in Indonesia, first, through non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the formation of study groups. Furthermore, preventive action could be carried out by providing an understanding of state defense through Civic Education. In this lesson, the students are given an understanding of the basic values of state defense, so radicalism threat can be prevented early.Keywords: Radicalism, Terrorism, State Defense, Higher Education, and National Security
POTENSI BUNGA MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.) SEBAGAI SALAH SATU KOMPONEN PENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN
Authors: Kurniati Fitri 
Published: November 2021

Marigold (Tagetes sp) merupakan tanaman hias yang sudah dikenal sejak lama di Indonesia, namun hanya di beberapa daerah yang menggunakannya secara rutin pada upacara keagamaan dan digunakan untuk bunga papan. Temuan peneliti baik di dalam maupun luar negeri menunjukkan bahwa bunga ini mempunyai potensi untuk dikembangkan karena banyak sekali kegunaannya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut artikel ini dibuat dengan tujuan memperluas penyebaran informasi dan meningkatkan animo untuk menelaah tentang marigold. Metode yang digunakan untuk membuat artikel ini adalah studi literatur dari berbagai telaahan dan hasil penelitian. Pada dasarnya kegunaan yang diperoleh dari bunga marigold disebabkan pada bunga marigold terkandung karotenoid berwarna kuning seperti karoten yaitu alfa dan beta karoten dan xantofil yaitu lutein dan zeaxantin, selain itu terkandung flavonoid. Karotenoid bisa menjadi antioksidan, menyembuhkan demam ringan, sakit tenggorokan ringan, pelembab alami, dan pengusir nyamuk alami. Flavonoid adalah metabolit sekunder dari polifenol yang memiliki berbagai efek bioaktif termasuk anti virus, anti-inflamasi, anti penuaan, antioksidan, kardioprotektif, antidiabetes, dan anti kanker. Dengan demikian, bunga marigold bisa digunakan sebagai obat herbal, refugia, dan bahan obat anti nyamuk. Faktor pendukung yang pengembangan adalah: marigold mudah dibudidayakan, secara ekonomis dan ekologis menguntungkan. Maka, marigold bisa dijadikan ladang usaha rumahan maupun skala besar.
Women and Church Ministry in Africa: Removing the Impasse Towards a Fruitful Theological Conversation.
Authors: Mwania Patrick 
Published: November 2021

Women in Africa, both in the traditional setup and in modern society form the cornerstone of the Church and society. They have spearheaded change in traditional and modern society and heralded the Gospel message on the African soil. Based on the formidable roles women played and the influential areas of authority they occupied in the social, economic, political, and religious dimensions of African traditional societies, such as priestesses, diviners, medicine women etc., I attempt to understand the role women play and the place they occupy in the Church and in society today taking the Catholic Church as a case study. The aim of this paper is to seek to understand the roles women play in society, as well as discerning how the roles could be promoted and improved for the betterment of the Church and society. For the discussion to achieve its objective, the following areas will be addressed: explore the place and the significance that traditional African society accorded to women; investigate the nature of women’s involvement in the life of the community as well as the precise roles that traditional society assigned to women; discover the place of women in Christianity and some of the roles the Catholic Church assigns to women members as documented; understand some of the challenges women face as members of the Church and the roles they play in enhancing the Gospel; and finally attempt to provide some recommendations in response to some of the challenges identified.
Reconciling the 16.35-day Period of FRB 20180916B with Jet Precession
Authors: Chen Hao-Yan , Gu Wei-Min , Sun Mouyuan , Liu Tong , Yi Tuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A repeating fast radio burst (FRB), FRB 20180916B (hereafter FRB 180916), was reported to have a 16.35-day period. This period might be related to a precession period. In this paper, we investigate two precession models to explain the periodic activity of FRB 180916. In both models, the radio emission of FRB 180916 is produced by a precessing jet. For the first disk-driven jet precession model, an extremely low viscous parameter (i.e., the dimensionless viscosity parameter α ≲ 10−8) is required to explain the precession of FRB 180916, which implies its implausibility. For the second tidal-force-driven jet precession model, we consider that a compact binary consists of a neutron star/black hole and a white dwarf; the white dwarf fills its Roche lobe, and mass transfer occurs. Due to the misalignment between the disk and orbital plane, the tidal force of the white dwarf can drive jet precession. We show that the relevant precession periods are several days to hundreds of days, depending on the specific accretion rates and component masses. The duration of FRB 180916 generation in the binary with extremely high accretion rate will be several thousand years.
Eclipsing Binaries in the Open Cluster Ruprecht 147. IV: The Active Triple System EPIC 219511354
Authors: Torres Guillermo , Vanderburg Andrew , Curtis Jason L. , Kraus Adam L. , Gaidos Eric 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We report follow-up spectroscopic observations of the 1.62 day, K-type, detached, active, near-circular, double-lined eclipsing binary EPIC 219511354 in the open cluster Ruprecht 147, identified previously on the basis of photometric observations from the Kepler/K2 mission. This is the fourth eclipsing system analyzed in this cluster. A combined analysis of the light curve and radial velocities yields accurate masses of M
Aa = 0.912 ± 0.013 M
☉ and M
Ab = 0.822 ± 0.010 M
☉ for the primary (star Aa) and secondary (Ab), along with radii of R
Aa = 0.920 ±0.016 R
☉ and R
Ab = 0.851 ± 0.016 R
☉, and effective temperatures of 5035 ± 150 and 4690 ± 130 K, respectively. Comparison with current models of stellar evolution for the known age and metallicity of the cluster reveals that both radii are larger (by 10%–14%) and both temperatures cooler (by ∼6%) than theoretically predicted, as is often seen in M dwarfs. This is likely caused by the significant stellar activity in the system, manifested here by 6% peak-to-peak out-of-eclipse variability, a filled-in Hα line, and its detection as an X-ray source. We also find EPIC 219511354 to be a hierarchical triple system, with a low-mass tertiary in an eccentric 220 day orbit.
Time Evolution of a System of Particles Obeying Coulomb’s Law and the High-speed Rollover of Suprathermal Tails in the Solar Wind
Authors: Randol Brent M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this article, we show through a series of rigorous mathematical steps, starting with Liouville’s equation and solving it for the case of two protons using the method of characteristics, that a velocity distribution function, f(u), is formed that exhibits a power law, f ∝ u

γ
, where γ is −9/2, and an exponential-type rollover at large speeds, providing a potential explanation for the observations of suprathermal ions in the solar wind. The solution is valid for all times and all background conditions, though the power law does at some point merge with the core of the distribution. When it does so, a final distribution is found that agrees with overall energy conservation. Analytical approximations to the solution are discussed, along with explanations for the various phases that the solution undergoes.