bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily temperature cycles prolong lifespan and have sex-specific effects on peripheral clock gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Goh Grace H. , Blache Dominique , Mark Peter J. , Kennington W. Jason , Maloney Shane K. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Circadian rhythms optimize health by coordinating the timing of physiological processes to match predictable daily environmental challenges. The circadian rhythm of body temperature is thought to be an important modulator of molecular clocks in peripheral tissues, but how daily temperature cycles affect physiological function is unclear. Here, we examined the effect of constant temperature (Tcon, 25°C) and cycling temperature (Tcyc, 28°C:22°C during light:dark) paradigms on lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster, and the expression of clock genes, heat shock protein 83 (Hsp83), Frost (Fst) and senescence marker protein-30 (smp-30). Male and female D. melanogaster housed at Tcyc had longer median lifespans than those housed at Tcon. Tcyc induced robust Hsp83 rhythms and rescued the age-related decrease in smp-30 expression that was observed in flies at Tcon, potentially indicating an increased capacity to cope with age-related cellular stress. Ageing under Tcon led to a decrease in the amplitude of expression of all clock genes in the bodies of male flies, except for cyc, which was non-rhythmic, and for per and cry in female flies. Strikingly, housing under Tcyc conditions rescued the age-related decrease in amplitude of all clock genes, and generated rhythmicity in cyc expression, in the male flies, but not the female flies. The results suggest that ambient temperature rhythms modulate D. melanogaster lifespan, and that the amplitude of clock gene expression in peripheral body clocks may be a potential link between temperature rhythms and longevity in male D. melanogaster. Longevity due to Tcyc appeared predominantly independent of clock gene amplitude in female D. melanogaster.
On the Fair Division of a Random Object
Authors: Bogomolnaia Anna , Moulin Hervé , Sandomirskiy Fedor 
Published: March 2021

Ann likes oranges much more than apples; Bob likes apples much more than oranges. Tomorrow they will receive one fruit that will be an orange or an apple with equal probability. Giving one half to each agent is fair for each realization of the fruit. However, agreeing that whatever fruit appears will go to the agent who likes it more gives a higher expected utility to each agent and is fair in the average sense: in expectation, each agent prefers the allocation to the equal division of the fruit; that is, the agent gets a fair share. We turn this familiar observation into an economic design problem: upon drawing a random object (the fruit), we learn the realized utility of each agent and can compare it to the mean of the agent’s distribution of utilities; no other statistical information about the distribution is available. We fully characterize the division rules using only this sparse information in the most efficient possible way while giving everyone a fair share. Although the probability distribution of individual utilities is arbitrary and mostly unknown to the manager, these rules perform in the same range as the best rule when the manager has full access to this distribution. This paper was accepted by Ilia Tsetlin, behavioral economics and decision analysis.
Analysis of a wavelength-tunable D-shaped photonic crystal fiber filter with broad bandwidth
Authors: Meng Xiaojian , Li Jianshe , Guo Ying , Du Huijing , Liu Yundong , Li Shuguang , Guo Haitao , Bi Weihong 
Published: March 2021

This paper has designed a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber filter based on surface plasmon resonance. The single-polarization filtering performance is analyzed systematically by the finite element method. It is found that the structural optimization process will modify the refractive index of the fundamental mode and the surface plasmon polarization mode, which results in a shift of the resonance wavelength. The proposed filter is able to indicate the wavelength-tunable function in the ranges of 1250–1350 nm and 1550–1750 nm by two methods. Moreover, at the communication windows of 1310 nm and 1550 nm, the corresponding filtering bandwidths are 170 and 550 nm, respectively. The flow chart of filter preparation reported in the study is promising for use in the field of optical devices.
Validity and reliability of the Amharic version of the Schwartz Center Compassionate Care Scale
Authors: Zeray Merkeb , Mariam Damen Haile , Sahile Zekariyas , Hailu Alemayehu 
Published: March 2021

Background
Compassionate care is the sensitivity shown by health care providers to understand another person’s suffering and a willingness to help and to promote the well being of that person. Although monitoring of compassionate care is key to ensuring patient-centered care, there is no validated tool in the Ethiopian context that can be applied to measure compassionate care. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the structural validity and reliability of the 12-item Schwartz Center Compassionate Care Scale® (SCCCS) in the Ethiopian context.

Methods
The structural validity and reliability of the 12-item Schwartz Center Compassionate Care Scale® were investigated in a sample of 423 oncology patients in the adult Oncology department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The internal consistency of the instrument was examined based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and the structural validity was evaluated by subjecting the items of the instrument to factor analysis. Statistical analysis was made using SPSS version 23.0.

Results
We have found that the Schwartz Center Compassionate Care scale is a two-factor structure (recognizing suffering and acting to relieve suffering). The scale has high overall scale reliability, which was 0.88, and subscale reliability of 0.84 for both recognizing suffering and acting to relieve suffering factors.

Conclusions
The Schwartz Center Compassionate Care Scale has high internal consistency and acceptable structural validity value. The tool can be used to measure compassionate care practice in the Ethiopian context.
Developing and validating an individualized breast cancer risk prediction model for women attending breast cancer screening
Authors: Louro Javier , Román Marta , Posso Margarita , Vázquez Ivonne , Saladié Francina , Rodriguez-Arana Ana , Quintana M. Jesús , Domingo Laia , Baré Marisa , Marcos-Gragera Rafael , Vernet-Tomas María , Sala Maria , Castells Xavier ,   on behalf of the BELE and IRIS Study Groups
Published: March 2021

Background
Several studies have proposed personalized strategies based on women’s individual breast cancer risk to improve the effectiveness of breast cancer screening. We designed and internally validated an individualized risk prediction model for women eligible for mammography screening.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of 121,969 women aged 50 to 69 years, screened at the long-standing population-based screening program in Spain between 1995 and 2015 and followed up until 2017. We used partly conditional Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and individual risks for age, family history of breast cancer, previous benign breast disease, and previous mammographic features. We internally validated our model with the expected-to-observed ratio and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results
During a mean follow-up of 7.5 years, 2,058 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. All three risk factors were strongly associated with breast cancer risk, with the highest risk being found among women with family history of breast cancer (aHR: 1.67), a proliferative benign breast disease (aHR: 3.02) and previous calcifications (aHR: 2.52). The model was well calibrated overall (expected-to-observed ratio ranging from 0.99 at 2 years to 1.02 at 20 years) but slightly overestimated the risk in women with proliferative benign breast disease. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 58.7% to 64.7%, depending of the time horizon selected.

Conclusions
We developed a risk prediction model to estimate the short- and long-term risk of breast cancer in women eligible for mammography screening using information routinely reported at screening participation. The model could help to guiding individualized screening strategies aimed at improving the risk-benefit balance of mammography screening programs.
Timely initiation of breastfeeding and associated factors among mothers having children less than two years of age in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel analysis using recent Demographic and Health Surveys data
Authors: Teshale Achamyeleh Birhanu , Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundDespite the significant advantages of timely initiation of breastfeeding (TIBF), many countries particularly low- and middle-income countries have failed to initiate breastfeeding on time for their newborns. Optimal breastfeeding is one of the key components of the SDG that may help to achieve reduction of under-five mortality to 25 deaths per 1000 live births.ObjectiveTo assess the pooled prevalence and associated factors of timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers having children less than two years of age in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsWe used pooled data from the 35 sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). We used a total weighted sample of 101,815 women who ever breastfeed and who had living children under 2 years of age. We conducted the multilevel logistic regression and variables with p<0.05, in the multivariable analysis, were declared significantly associated with TIBF.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of TIBF in SSA was 58.3% [95%CI; 58.0–58.6%] with huge variation between countries, ranging from 24% in Chad to 86% in Burundi. Both individual and community level variables were associated with TIBF. Among individual-level factors; being older-aged mothers, having primary education, being from wealthier households, exposure to mass media, being multiparous, intended pregnancy, delivery at a health facility, vaginal delivery, single birth, and average size of the child at birth were associated with higher odds of TIBF. Of community-level factors, rural place of residence, higher community level of ANC utilization, and health facility delivery were associated with higher odds of TIBF.ConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of TIBF in SSA was low. Both individual and community-level factors were associated with TIBF. The authors recommend interventions at both individual and community levels to increase ANC utilization as well as health facility delivery that are crucial for advertising optimal breastfeeding practices such as TIBF.
Community acceptability to antimalarial mass drug administrations in Magude district, Southern Mozambique: A mixed methods study
Authors: Galatas Beatriz , Nhantumbo Hoticha , Soares Rodolfo , Djive Helder , Murato Ilda , Simone Wilson , Macete Eusebio , Rabinovich N. Regina , Alonso Pedro , Candrinho Baltazar , Saúte Francisco , Aide Pedro , Munguambe Khátia 
Published: March 2021

Background
This study aimed to capture the acceptability prior to, during and after the implementation of the first year of MDA rounds conducted under the Magude project, a malaria elimination project in southern Mozambique.

Methods
This was a mixed-methods study, consisting of focus group discussions (FGDs) prior to the implementation of MDA rounds (September 2015), non-participant observations (NPOs) conducted during the MDA rounds (November 2015 –beginning of February 2016), and semi-structured interviews (SSIs) after the second round (end of February 2016). Community leaders, women in reproductive age, general members of the community, traditional healers and health professionals were recruited to capture the opinions of all representing key members of the community. A generic outline of nodes and codes was designed to analyze FGDs and SSI separately. Qualitative and quantitative NPO information was analyzed following a content analysis approach.

Findings
222 participants took part in the FGDs (n = 154), and SSIs (n = 68); and 318 household visits during the MDA underwent NPOs. The community engagement campaign emerged throughout the study stages as a crucial factor for the acceptability of MDAs. Acceptability was also fostered by the community’s general will to cooperate in any government-led activity that would reduce malaria burden, the appropriate behavior and knowledge of field workers, or the fact that the intervention was available free of charge to all. Absenteeism of heads of households was identified as the main barrier for the success of the campaign. The most commonly reported factors that negatively affected acceptability were the fear of adverse events, rumors of deaths, being unable to drink alcohol while taking DHAp, or the fear to take DHAp while in anti-retroviral treatment. Pregnancy testing and malaria testing were generally well accepted by the community.

Conclusion
Magude’s community generally accepted the first and second antimalarial MDA rounds, and the procedures associated to the intervention. Future implementation of antimalarial MDAs in southern Mozambique should focus on locally adapted strategies that engage the community to minimize absenteeism and refusals to the intervention.
Indoor Air Quality Assessment Based on Human Physiology - Part 1. New Criteria Proposal
Authors: Jokl M. V. 
Published: March 2021

Human physiology research makes evident that the Weber-Fechner law applies not only to noise perception but also to the perception of other environmental components. Based on this fact, new decibel units for dor component representing indoor air quality in majority locations have been proposed: decicarbdiox dCd (for carbon dioxide CO2) and decitvoc dTv (for total volatile organic compound TVOC). Equations of these new units have been proved by application of a) experimental relationships between odor intensity (representing odor perception by the human body) and odor concentrations of CO2 and TVOC, b) individually measured CO2 and TVOC levels (concentrations) – from these new decibel units can be calculated and their values compared with decibel units of noise measured in the same locations. The undoubted benefit of using the decibel scale is that it gives much better approximation to human perception of odor intensity compared to the CO2 and TVOC concentration scales.
Handlungsansätze in Modellprojekten des Bundesprogramms „Innovative Wege zur Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben – rehapro“
Authors: Brussig Martin , Karačić Anemari , Kraetsch Clemens , Zapfel Stefan 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das Bundesprogramm „Innovative Wege zur Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben – rehapro“ fördert Modellprojekte von Jobcentern und Trägern der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung, um die Grundsätze „Prävention vor Rehabilitation“ und „Rehabilitation vor Rente“ zu stärken und die Erwerbsfähigkeit zu erhalten bzw. wiederherzustellen. Im Ergebnis des ersten Förderaufrufs sind 54 Modellprojekte gestartet. Der Beitrag stellt das Bundesprogramm vor und zeichnet nach, welche Handlungsansätze die geförderten Modellprojekte verfolgen. Es wird deutlich, dass die Jobcenter in den von ihnen koordinierten Modellprojekten stärker an der Zusammenarbeit zwischen unterschiedlichen Organisationen und an Verbesserungen innerhalb der Organisation arbeiten, während die Träger der Rentenversicherung sich stärker auf die Erbringung innovativer Leistungen für Rehabilitandinnen und Rehabilitanden bzw. Versicherte konzentrieren. Das Fallmanagement ist für beide Organisationstypen gleichermaßen Entwicklungsgegenstand. Diese Schwerpunkte entsprechen aktuellen und langfristigen Problemen in der Rehabilitation.
Adaptation and Loss Aversion in the Relationship Between GDP and Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Hovi Matti , Laamanen Jani-Petri 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We examine the roles of macro-level adaptation — including social comparison effects becoming more important over time — and macroeconomic loss aversion in the time-series relationship between national income and subjective well-being. Models allowing for these phenomena are applied to cross-country panel data. We find evidence for macroeconomic loss aversion that becomes more important over time: the effects of economic growth become small and statistically insignificant in the long run, whereas the effects of contractions are large and long-lasting. The results are consistent with the Easterlin paradox and point to it being explained by macro-level adaptation to economic growth. Our results highlight the importance of allowing for both dynamics to distinguish long-run from short-run effects and asymmetries to recognize the important effects of contractions. Failing to do the former leads to a misleading impression of the long-run relationship between economic growth and well-being.
When is Knowledge Acquisition Socially Beneficial in the Laffont–Tirole Regulatory Framework?
Authors: Zimper Alexander , Molefinyane Mpoifeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Laffont–Tirole regulator observes the accounting costs of a firm but she can neither observe its true cost-type nor its chosen effort level. This paper considers a Laffont–Tirole regulator who could employ an expert to obtain better, albeit not perfect, knowledge about the firm’s true cost type. Both the welfare gains through superior allocations from better knowledge but also the knowledge acquisition costs increase in the ‘marginal deadweight losses from taxes’ parameter λ ≥ 0. We derive a closed-form expression of the overall welfare benefits from knowledge acquisition as a function in λ. We characterize parameter conditions such that knowledge acquisition could improve social welfare in dependence on the value of λ. For this case we show that knowledge acquisition strictly increases social welfare if and only if λ falls into the interval (λ
*, ∞) whereby we present a sharp characterization of the critical threshold-value λ
* ≥ 0. In other words, information acquisition through a regulator only increases welfare for economies with comparatively high deadweight losses from taxation whereas welfare is decreased whenever these deadweight losses are low.
早期东南亚华语的几种数量表达形式及其发展
Authors: 权 李 
Published: March 2021

摘要
现有的东南亚华语研究多从共时层面展开, 历时研究较少。文章以《叻报》为例, 对1919年前后东南亚华语的数量表达形式从时间、金额、其他形式三个方面进行考察与表述。前后相比, 东南亚华语表达同一意义的形式类型由多变少, 使用范围和频次由不同形式相对均衡向一方偏移, 呈现出统一和规范的趋势。
Fast interaction of Cu2+ with S2O3
2− in aqueous solution
Authors: Ungureşan Mihaela-Ligia , Mureşan Vlad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a comparison between the experimental values for the kinetics of the fast redox reaction between Cu2+ and S2O3
2− and some possible variants of analogical modeling and numerical simulation for this pre-equilibrium reaction have been presented. One of them is based on a function with a periodical, strongly under-damped component. For a non-periodical fast damped evolution of reaction between Cu2+ and S2O3
2−, this paper proposes a variant of numerical modeling and simulation based on two exponential functions. For this complex reaction kinetics, the proposed approach based on application of neural networks is an efficient and accurate tool to solve modeling problems. The method ensures a good approximation of the experimental data, with a remarkable flexibility of analyses and synthesis as elaborated in the paper. The associated numerical simulation operates with an easy and flexible program, which allows the change in large limits of some structure parameters, for the adaptation of the numerical results with the experimental measurements.
Translation uniqueness of phase retrieval and magnitude retrieval of band-limited signals
Authors: Chen Lung-Hui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss how to partially determine the Fourier transform

F
⁢

(
z
)

=

∫

-
1

1

f
⁢

(
t
)

⁢

e

i
⁢
z
⁢
t

⁢

𝑑
t

,

z
∈
ℂ

,

F(z)=\int_{-1}^{1}f(t)e^{izt}\,dt,\quad z\in\mathbb{C},

given the data

|

F
⁢

(
z
)

|

{\lvert F(z)\rvert}

or

arg
⁡
F

⁢

(
z
)

{\arg F(z)}

for

z
∈
ℝ

{z\in\mathbb{R}}

. Initially, we assume

[

-
1

,
1
]

{[-1,1]}

to be the convex hull of the support of the signal f. We start with reviewing the computation of the indicator function and indicator diagram of a finite-typed complex-valued entire function, and then connect to the spectral invariant of

F
⁢

(
z
)

{F(z)}

. Then we focus to derive the unimodular part of the entire function up to certain non-uniqueness. We elaborate on the translation of the signal including the non-uniqueness associates of the Fourier transform. We show that the phase retrieval and magnitude retrieval are conjugate problems in the scattering theory of waves.
Terminalia arjuna supplementation ameliorates high fat diet-induced oxidative stress in nephrotoxic rats
Authors: Kanthe Pallavi S. , Patil Bheemshetty S. , Das Kusal K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Dietary high fat possibly causes oxidative stress; also it makes deleterious effect on kidney functions and land up in lipotoxicity in renal tissue. Lipotoxicity is the pathological situation where lipid Peroxidation occurs and generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS than antioxidant present in tissues cause oxidative stress. Terminalia arjuna is found to be potential antioxidant that counteract oxidative stress and possibly maintain glomerular integrity.

Methods
Ethanolic extract of T. arjuna (ETO) was prepared and phytochemical analysis was done. Rats were divided into four groups, having six rats in each group as following; group 1-Control (20% fat); group 2 (ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt); group 3 (30% fat) and group 4 (30% fat + ETO 100 mg/kg/b.wt). Dietary and ETO supplementation were continued for 21 days. Gravimetric, kidney functions (blood urea and serum creatinine) and oxidative stress markers like MDA, SOD and GSH were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was done on kidney along with measurement of glomerular integrity. Morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity was evaluated by measuring glomerular length, width, glomerular area and Bowman’s capsule radius. One way ANOVA was done for analysis of data.

Results
Blood urea and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in high fat fed rats indicating renal dysfunction. High fat diet showed significant increase in MDA, decrease in SOD and GSH in rats fed with high fat diet, which indicate generation of oxidative stress. Supplementation of ETO showed amelioratic effect against high fat diet induced renal dysfunction and oxidative stress. Histopathological findings were significantly corroborated with morphometrical analysis of glomerular integrity.

Conclusions
Ethanolic extracts of T. arjuna supplementation found to be beneficial against high fat induced renal alterations in terms of functions and architecture.
An Ontology for ‘The Universe of Being’
Authors: Frizzera Glauco 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Attempting to provide an ontological framework for the notion of the non-personal Universe of Being proposed elsewhere, this paper – after some basic definitions – focuses on substances, one pillar of that notion. It recognizes only to individual substances a material (vs. formal) existence, viewed as the entire complex of the properties instantiated in each of them. It then examines features of the general essence of substances (in primis their independence). While such essence can be comprehended via abstract definitions, their individual essence (‘this-ness’) cannot, I argue, because it is not a concept but a reality, which I refer to as Being. This manifests powers, is inexhaustible growth and is one, although expressed differently in each individual. The possible connection of the human being with this reality is the second pillar of the notion of the non-personal Universe of Being, which I summarize and compare to other scenarios at the end.