bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic epidemiology reveals multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 followed by community and nosocomial spread, Germany, February to May 2020
Authors: Muenchhoff Maximilian , Graf Alexander , Krebs Stefan , Quartucci Caroline , Hasmann Sandra , Hellmuth Johannes C , Scherer Clemens , Osterman Andreas , Boehm Stephan , Mandel Christopher , Becker-Pennrich Andrea Sabine , Zoller Michael , Stubbe Hans Christian , Munker Stefan , Munker Dieter , Milger Katrin , Gapp Madeleine , Schneider Stephanie , Ruhle Adrian , Jocham Linda , Nicolai Leo , Pekayvaz Kami , Weinberger Tobias , Mairhofer Helga , Khatamzas Elham , Hofmann Katharina , Spaeth Patricia M , Bender Sabine , Kääb Stefan , Zwissler Bernhard , Mayerle Julia , Behr Juergen , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Reincke Martin , Grabein Beatrice , Hinske Christian Ludwig , Blum Helmut , Keppler Oliver T 
Published: October 2021

Background
In the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, viral genomes are available at unprecedented speed, but spatio-temporal bias in genome sequence sampling precludes phylogeographical inference without additional contextual data.

Aim
We applied genomic epidemiology to trace SARS-CoV-2 spread on an international, national and local level, to illustrate how transmission chains can be resolved to the level of a single event and single person using integrated sequence data and spatio-temporal metadata.

Methods
We investigated 289 COVID-19 cases at a university hospital in Munich, Germany, between 29 February and 27 May 2020. Using the ARTIC protocol, we obtained near full-length viral genomes from 174 SARS-CoV-2-positive respiratory samples. Phylogenetic analyses using the Auspice software were employed in combination with anamnestic reporting of travel history, interpersonal interactions and perceived high-risk exposures among patients and healthcare workers to characterise cluster outbreaks and establish likely scenarios and timelines of transmission.

Results
We identified multiple independent introductions in the Munich Metropolitan Region during the first weeks of the first pandemic wave, mainly by travellers returning from popular skiing areas in the Alps. In these early weeks, the rate of presumable hospital-acquired infections among patients and in particular healthcare workers was high (9.6% and 54%, respectively) and we illustrated how transmission chains can be dissected at high resolution combining virus sequences and spatio-temporal networks of human interactions.

Conclusions
Early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Europe was catalysed by superspreading events and regional hotspots during the winter holiday season. Genomic epidemiology can be employed to trace viral spread and inform effective containment strategies.
Molecular Study of Antiviral Compound of Indonesian Herbal Medicine as 3CLpro and PLpro Inhibitor in SARS-COV-2
Authors: Rizma Baiq Ressa Puspita , Mubarok Yek Zen , Lestari Dian Fathita Dwi , Ananto Agus Dwi 
Published: October 2021

Rapid transmission of COVID-19 disease and the fatal effects of the disease lead researchers to use various way to find potential anti-COVID-19 compounds, including using modern approaches. Molecular docking is one of the methods that can be used to analyse antiviral compounds and its molecular target from Indonesian herbs that are believed to have properties as anti-COVID-19. This study aims to analyse antiviral compounds from 5 herbs that have the potential as inhibitors of PLpro and 3CLpro, which both are a non-structural protein in SARS-CoV-2 by molecular docking approach using PLANTS. Remdesivir triphosphate, the active metabolite of remdesivir, was used as the comparison compound in studies. The results showed docking scores obtained from interactions between natural ligands, remdesivir trifospat, curcumin, demetoksikurkumin, bisdemetoksikurkumin, luteolin, apigenin, kuersetin, kaempferol, formononrtin-7-O-glucoronide, androgafolide, and neoandrogafolide with PLpro are as follows -111,441, -103,827, -103,609, -102,363, -100,27,-79,6655, -78.6901, -80.9337, -79.4686, -82.1124, -79.1789, and -97.2452.Combination between quercetin, neoandrographolide, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demetoxycurcumin, and curcumin showed a synergy effect by reduce its docking score. Meanwhile its interaction with the protein 3CLpro showed docking score for those compounds as follows 64.0074, -86.1811, -81.428, -87.1625, -78.2899, -73.4345,-70,3368, -71.5539, -68.4321, -72.0154, -75.9777 and -93.7746.Combination between andrographolide, neoandrographolide, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demetoxycurcumin and curcumin, also shows synegy effect in 3CLpro allow them to reduce the docking score.This study concludes that curcumin was known as the most potent compound that act as a PLpro inhibitor based on a docking score of -103,609, while in 3CLpro all the compound have a potential to inhibit 3CLpro with demethosxycurcumin and neoandrogafolide as the most potent compound with a docking score -87,126 and -93.7746.
Analysis of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) Heavy Metal Content in Shell and Mangroves at Bima Bay
Authors: Khairuddin Khairuddin , Yamin M 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the levels of heavy metals (Cd) and (Pb) in shellfishes and mangroves at Bima bay. The results showed that bivalves and mangrove tissue were analyzed for heavy metal content in the form of lead (Pb), and Cadmium (Cd) using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. From tissue analysis, it indicates that the content of heavy metals lead (Pb) in 3 species of Shellfish which showed different results; Blood shells (Anadaragranosa) of 0.756 ppm, Hiatula shells (Hiatula chinensis) 1.59 ppm, and Shells (Siliqua winteriana) 1.171 ppm. Cadmium (Cd) metals in Shells are each found; Cockle shell (Anadara granosa) of 0.802 ppm, Hiatula shells (Hiatula chinensis) 0.334 ppm and Shells (Siliqua winteriana) 0.066 ppm. The content of lead metal (Pb) in the tissue of small mangrove leaves (Ryzophora apiculata) is 3.21 ppm and the mangrove leaves (Sonnerati aalba) is 3.74 ppm. For Cd levels in small mangrove leaves (Ryzophora apiculata) is 0.41 ppm while in mangrove leaves (Sonneratia alba) is 0.24 ppm
PENGARUH PERSEPSI SISWA TENTANG KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR DAN KELENGKAPAN FASILITAS BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Ridwan Uta Selwanti 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi siswa tentang kemandirian belajar dan kelengkapan fasilitas belajar terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa di SMP Negeri 1 Kalaena Kiri Kabupaten Luwu Timur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas VII sebanyak 83 responden. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan nilai raport. Sedangkan metode analisis data meliputi analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara kemandirian belajar terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VII, dan 2) Pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara kelengkapan fasilitas belajar di sekolah terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Kalaena Kiri.
DESKRIPSI KOMPETENSI STRATEGIS MATEMATIS KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 1 PALOPO BERDASARKAN GENDER
Authors: Putu Meli Wulandari Ni , Karmila Karmila 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kompetensi strategis matematis kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Palopo berdasarkan gendernya. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang masih belum optimal. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 1 Palopo yang berjumlahkan 2 orang, yaitu 1 subjek laki-laki dan 1 subjek perempuan. Instrumen penelitian adalah peneliti sendiri. Pada penelitian kali ini peneliti menggunakan instrumen yaitu; (1) tes kompetensi strategis matematis yang terdiri dari 3 soal uraian, dan (2) pedoman wawancara. Hasil dari tes kompetensi strategis matematis tersebut peniliti mendapatkan 2 subjek yang mendapatkan nilai tertingi yaitu 1 subjek laki – laki dan 1 subjek perempuan, kemudian kedua subjek tersebut dilakukan wawancara dari penelitian ini. Tes kompetensi strategis matematis mempunyai indicator yaitu; (1) merumuskan, (2) merepresentasikan, dan (3) memecahkan masalah. Hasil penelitian kali ini menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi strategis matematis pada subjek laki laki mampu memenuhi semua indicator pada soal nomor 1,2, dan 3 dan hasil penelitian kali ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi strategis matematis pada subjek perempuan mampu memenuhi indikator kompetensi strategis matematis pada soal nomor 1 dan 3 namun untuk soal nomor 2 subjek tidak mampu memenuhi dengan tepat indicator kompetensi strategis matematis.
PRÁTICAS DE LEITURA E MOVIMENTO DE SENTIDOS
Authors: Boffulin Kelsse Nathanielly 
Published: October 2021

Neste trabalho propomos apresentar a proposta de intervenção, produzida nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa, do 8º ano “A” do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Estadual “Wilson de Almeida, em Nova Olímpia/MT. Valemos de distintas práticas de leitura sobre a temática do Consumismo, escolhida pela turma. Para tanto, esta escrita inscreve-se nos domínios da Análise do Discurso fundada a partir dos trabalhos de Michel Pêcheux na França e Eni Orlandi, no Brasil, da qual mobilizamos alguns conceitos teóricos, como gestos de interpretação, formação discursiva, condições de produção, tomando como corpus diversas materialidades, como dicionários, tirinhas, texto narrativo, poema, com o intuito de possibilitar aos alunos a compreensão sobre o funcionamento do discurso, da língua na produção dos sentidos. Interessou-nos mostrar aos estudantes que a linguagem tem uma opacidade constitutiva e que os sentidos não estão fixos ao texto, mas são produzidos no jogo das formações discursivas, e nós, enquanto sujeitos, somos constantemente interpelados pela ideologia de forma determinada. Assim, construímos com os alunos um conhecimento diferente, através de uma proposição de intervenção sobre a temática do Consumismo considerando os efeitos de sentido do discurso na sociedade. Observando o funcionamento da língua, os gestos de interpretação (Conf. ORLANDI, 2004) são afetados pela matéria significante. Ou seja, as diversas materialidades textuais disponíveis ao sujeito-leitor (aluno) possibilitaram diferentes gestos de interpretação, vinculados a diferentes posições do sujeito, a diferentes formações discursivas.
EU Transmigrants in Belgrade as Agents of Europeanisation from Below
Authors: Brujić Marija 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Migration studies are usually concerned with involuntary or underprivileged migrants living in highly developed societies. In contrast, this article focuses on emigration from affluent to less developed countries, using the example of EU lifestyle women transmigrants living in Belgrade. Serbia is a Western Balkan EU candidate country with a high youth emigration rate. The aim of this study is to question whether EU migrants can be development actors in a Western Balkan country. The bulk of the ethnographic research was conducted in 2018 by way of a series of interviews. The findings show that by using their “transcultural capital” in Serbia, the interviewees have the development potential to act as agents of “Europeanisation from below” and avoid the negative public perception of Europeanisation as a tool of Western domination in the region. However, in order to fulfil their development roles, affluent migrants first need to be recognised in Serbian migration management policies and supported by the local authorities.
(In)security and Immigration to Depopulating Rural Areas in Southern and Southeastern Europe
Authors: Mastilovic Jovana , Zoppi Marco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article examines a migration pattern which has been overshadowed by the ‘security turn’ dominating European discourses: depopulation. Across Europe, emigration is responsible for significant demographic transformations, especially in rural and remote areas. Depopulation leads to the reduction of services provided to citizens, further diminishing the attractiveness of these territories. Against this background, migration can counterbalance depopulation as part of a strategy for rural regeneration. This article analyses the case of Riace, an Italian town that has been hosting people seeking asylum and refugees for decades, and compares it to the Serbian town of Sjenica, where increasing numbers of non-EU migrants are settling after the ‘closure’ of the Western Balkans route. Our empirical findings indicate that there is both an opportunity and a political will to implement a similar model to that of Riace in Sjenica and in the southwest Sandžak region.
Minat Generasi Z Menggunakan Kembali Transaksi Mobile Payment: Pendekatan Model UTAUT 2
Authors: Maharani Yestias 
Published: October 2021

Z generation is a generation that lives in the era of technology so that they are used to using technology in their daily lives, including mobile payments. This study was conducted to see the relationship between the variables contained in UTAUT 2 and additional variable trust with the desire to continuance use intention mobile payments. The UTAUT 2 variables used in this study are performance expectations, effort expectations, social influences, facility conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, habits and the additional variable used in this study is trust. Respondents involved in this study were Generation Z as many as 146 people, Generation Z is a generation that grew up in the midst of technological advances so that they are very accustomed to using technology and information systems including mobile payments. The variables of performance expectation, effort expectation, social influence, facility condition, hedonic motivation, price value have no significant effect on the creation of generation z to continuance use intention mobile payments transactions. Meanwhile, habits and beliefs have a significant influence on making z intentions to reuse cellular payment transactions. This is because generation z is a millennial generation who is used to using technology such as mobile payment transactions, and feels confident that their mobile payment transactions can maintain privacy for their data.
حديث قطع يد المستعير، إشكالية، أسباب، وحلول (The Hadith of Cutting off the Borrower's hand, Problem, Reasons, and Solutions)
Authors: علي نوح , منصور سعد الدين 
Published: October 2021

يهدف هذا البحث إلى توضيح الاشكال لحديث قطع يد المستعير، ففي ظاهر الحديث هناك إشارة تدل على إشكالية في المعنى الحديث، فالبحث يقوم بذكر الحديث أولاً، وتخريجه، ثم بيان حكمه من حيث الصحة والضعف، وذكر أقوال العلماء فيه والمقصود منه، وإزالة الإشكال الوارد، وبيان عدم التعارض بينهما. وتكمن إشكالية هذا البحث في عدم فهم هذا الحديث، فجاء هذا البحث لدراسة هذه الإشكالية، وحلولها بكلام أهل العلم في المقصود من الحديث، وتبرز أهمية هذا البحث في حاجة الناس إلى فهم أمثال هذه الأحاديث وتطبيقها وفق المنهج الشرعي. وقد اعتمد البحث المنهج الاستقرائي في ذكر روايات الحديث الواردة، والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي في بيان المراد منه، وبيان عدم الإشكال والتعارض فيه، والمنهج النقدي في تمييز الأحاديث الواردة في الباب من حيث الصّحة والضعف. ومن أهم النتائج الإشكال الموجود في الأحاديث لم يصل إلى درجة التعارض الحقيقي بين النصوص الشرعية، لأن الشريعة لا تعارض فيها، ولا تجد دليلين أجمع المسلمون على تعارضهما.
الكلمات المفتاحية: قطع، المستعير، الإشكال، رفع التعارض.
Abstract
The research aims to clarify the forms of the hadith of cutting off the borrower’s hand. In the apparent meaning of the hadith, there is a sign indicating a problematic in the modern meaning. The research first mentions the hadith, extracts it, and then explains its ruling in terms of health and weakness, and mentions the sayings of scholars about it and what is meant by it, removing the incoming problems, and clarifying There is no conflict between them. The problem of this research lies in the lack of understanding of this hadith, so this research came to study this problem, and its solutions according to the words of the scholars regarding the purpose of the hadith. The research adopted the inductive method in mentioning the hadith narrations mentioned, the descriptive analytical method in clarifying what is meant by it, the lack of confusion and contradiction in it, and the critical method in distinguishing the hadiths contained in the chapter in terms of validity and weakness. One of the most important results is the confusion found in the hadiths, which did not reach the degree of real conflict between the legal texts, because Sharia does not contradict it, and you do not find two evidences that Muslims are unanimously in conflict with.
Keywords: Cutting, Borrowing, Confusion, Lifting of conflicts.
Le potentiel de l’approche cartographique et de la réflexion spatiale dans l’analyse des finances locales : les juridictions financières mobilisent des méthodes et outils innovants
Authors: Bailly Xavier , Pezziardi André 
Published: October 2021

L’approche géographique, qui s’appuie sur le traitement et le recours à des données spatiales, est un puissant vecteur d’analyse et de valorisation des informations sur la gestion des collectivités territoriales.
Toutefois le potentiel de la réflexion spatiale est encore largement sous exploité par les administrations dans leurs analyses des finances locales. Les juridictions financières ont néanmoins su mobiliser des méthodes et créer des outils innovants pour compléter leurs instructions.
Cette approche, largement mobilisée pour le Rapport public thématique de la Cour des comptes sur les villes moyennes (octobre 2020) pourrait être séminale dans le cadre de la nouvelle stratégie JF2025, dont une des orientations est de multiplier les évaluations des politiques publiques.
Compositional changes in human gut microbiota reveal a putative role of intestinal mycobiota in metabolic and biological decline during aging
Authors: Al Bataineh Mohammad Tahseen , Alzaatreh Ayman , Hajjo Rima , Banimfreg Bayan Hassan , Dash Nihar Ranjan 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Age-related alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota may influence human health and disease mechanisms. However, connections between compositional changes in gut bacterial and fungal communities, and their role in the aging process, remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: Compare the gut microbiota and mycobiota composition in different age groups and evaluate the functionality. METHODS: In this study, we performed 16S rRNA and ITS2 gene-based microbial profiling analysis and shotgun metagenomics using the NextSeq platform. RESULTS: We observed a shift in compositional changes of human gut microbiota with age. Older individuals revealed a significantly different gut microbiota profile compared to younger individuals. For example, gut microbiota composition of the older individuals showed increase in genera Bacteroides, Blautia, Ruminococcaceae, and Escherichia coli. Additionally, older individuals had significant reduction in fungi belonging to saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans in comparison to their younger counterparts. Moreover, metagenomics functional profiling analysis using shotgun metagenomics sequencing data showed substantial differences in the enrichment of 48 pathways between the young and older age groups. Metabolic pathways such as amino acid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, cell structure biosynthesis and vitamin biosynthesis were declined in the older age group, in comparison with the younger individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The identified differences provide a new insight to enrich our understanding of age-related changes in gut microbiota, their metabolic capabilities, and potential impact on health and disease conditions.
The wellbeing of elderly people during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review
Authors: Gayatri Maria 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Quarantine and social distancing are important to avoid spreading the coronavirus. Being active, healthy and happy is a central part of managing daily challenges. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to improve understanding regarding the wellbeing of the elderly during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: For the literature review, keywords such as wellbeing and COVID-19 were searched for associations with terms such as elderly, ageing and old people. Only research published in peer-reviewed journals and written in English was considered in this study. The studies included in the analysis were only those published between the start of the pandemic and April 2021. RESULTS: From a total of 75 searches, eight studies fit the inclusion criteria. Elderly people are the population group most vulnerable to COVID-19, which threatens their lives and wellbeing. Technology such as artificial intelligence can maintain the wellbeing of the elderly. Lockdown, the lack of social interaction and the limited access to medications and health facilities can worsen the physical and mental health and the psychological wellbeing of the elderly. Conclusion: It is important to highlight elderly care and mitigation programmes related to physical activities and cognitive psychology to prevent mental and functional decline in older people. Further studies should focus on their quality of life and the wellbeing.
Understanding uptake of prevention and mitigation of COVID-19 at work actions in Iran
Authors: Gharibi Vahid , Cousins Rosanna , Jahangiri Mehdi , Bargar Mina 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has required organizations to make changes to ways of working to prevent and mitigate COVID-19 in employees. OBJECTIVE: To assess the workplace response to COVID-19 in Iran. METHODS: 255 organizations completed a two-part survey. Part 1 collected data describing the business; part 2 comprised the International Labor Organization (ILO) 30-item Prevention and Mitigation of COVID-19 at Work Actions Checklist. A four-point Likert scale was used to score each item according to whether preventative measures had been actioned. RESULTS: We found a dichotomy of commitment to managing COVID-19 at work. 42.5%of organizations had fully implemented the ILO recommended preventative actions, and 45.6%workplaces had not implemented any. Large organizations had significantly more preventative actions than SMEs; the healthcare sector had significantly better COVID-19 mitigation measures in place than construction projects; and organizations with a health and safety management system had significantly more prevention actions in place. CONCLUSIONS: ILO provided a good framework to support risk assessment of COVID-19, however only half the organizations were undertaking the necessary biological hazard control actions to prevent COVID-19 at work. There remains a need to understand the inaction of organizations who do not risk assess despite being in a pandemic.
Penerapan play therapy dalam mengembangkan interaksi sosial siswa di SMPN 8 Kota Jambi
Authors: Yusra Affan , Rasimin Rasimin 
Published: October 2021

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peranan play therapy dalam mengembangkan interaksi siswa pada SMP 8 kota jambi. Pada kegiatan pelaksanaan PKM ini menggunakan setting klasikal dengan menggunakan play therapy dalam mengembangkan interaksi sosial siswa melalui metode berikut: 1) Metode Sosialisasi: Melalui metode ini dilakukan proses penanaman atau transfer kebiasaan pada satu generasi kepada generasi berikutnya bisa melalui bentuk individual, kelompok dan masyarakat. Metode ini digunakan untuk memberi beberapa penjelasan tentang interaksi sosial dan panduan play therapy, serta jejak pendapat. 2) Metode play therapy: Metode ini dikembangkan dengan dasar konsep yang telah matang,. Melalui metode ini siswa dilatih untuk berkomunikasi dengan menggunakan bahasa yang baik dalam melakukan kerja sama dan melatih kontak sosial antar siswa. Adapun hasil dalam PKM dan hasil dari kegiatan PKM ini juga terlihat dalam praktik dan workshop siswa sangat tertarik dengan metode ini karena dalam metode ini tidak hanya menekankan pada pembentukan dinamika interaksi sosial namun juga menekankan pada membangun dinamika anggota kelas sehingga dalam pelaksanaan peserta layanan memperoleh kemampuan dinamika dalam mengembangkan interaksi sosial. Adapun kesimpulan dari PKM ini dapat meningkatkan Interaksi sosial siswa melalui metode play therapy.