bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOMC-4. Proteogenomic and metabolomic characterization of glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Liang-Bo , Karpova Alla , Gritsenko Marina , Kyle Jennifer , Cao Song , Li Yize , Rodland Karin , Liu Tao , Ding Li 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive nervous system cancer, with median survival under 2 years. Understanding its molecular pathogenesis is crucial for improving diagnosis and treatment. We performed an integrated analysis of genomic, proteomic, post-translational modification and metabolomic data on 99 treatment-naive GBMs. We identified key phosphorylation events (e.g., phosphorylated PTPN11 and PLCG1) as potential switches mediating oncogenic pathway activation as well as potential targets for EGFR-, TP53- and RB1-altered tumors. We detected immune subtypes, driven by the presence of distinct immune cell populations using bulk omics, validated by single nulcei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), and they were correlated with specific expression and histone acetylation patterns. Acetylation of histone H2B in classical-like and immune-low GBM was driven largely by BRDs, CREBBP, and EP300. Integrated metabolomic and proteomic data identified specific lipid distributions across subtypes and distinct global metabolic changes in IDH mutated tumors. This work highlights biological relationships which could potentially aid GBM patient stratifications for more effective treatments.
OPTC-4. Bioinformatic analysis of COLXIα1 gene expression and its alternative splicing regulation in Paediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas (DIPGs)
Authors: Jedrysik Malwina , Loveson Katie L , Kozusko Nikita , Singh Poonam , Allison Kieren , Fillmore Helen L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Paediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPGs), is a rare aggressive childhood malignancy that arise in a region and age specific manner, with no cure and children seldom survive 2 years after diagnosis. There has been significant advances in genomic and molecular identification of driver genes as well as signature mutations that help with diagnosis. A multi-methodological approach to begin to profile the DIPG/host landscape in the context of developing brainstem was conducted. Bioinformatic analyses of a DIPG dataset and normal developing brain dataset to help separate expression associated with development from tumour was conducted. In parallel; fixed-formalin paraffin embedded DIPG tissue was obtained from post-mortem brain for focused RNA arrays and RNAseq. Two of several overlapping genes that were overexpressed in DIPG was tenascin C and the collagen XI (α1) gene (COL11A1). A common feature of these genes is that they are alternatively spliced. Therefore, the aim of this study was to focus on COL11A1, further explore its expression in diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), to determine association with H3K27M alterations and to explore the use of bioinformatic programmes that could potentially predict the specific Col11α1 isoform expression in DIPG. The following programs were used to determine if a bioinformation approach could aid in our understanding of alternative splicing in development and DIPG: R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform, SnapGene program, Basic Local Alignment Search Tools (BLAST), RNA Interactome Database (RNAInter). In silico analysis highlited an RNA-binding protein eIF4A3 as a candidate of alternative splicing regulator of COL11A1 gene. EIF4A3 gene was shown to be upreguated in DIPG using publicly available datasets. Results shows that isoform A is the most likely isoform present in DIPG. The data obtained will help inform future in vitro and in vivo investigations into the potential role of COL11A1 and its isoforms in DIPG.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Patient With a Systemic Autoinflammatory Syndrome due to an NLRC4 Inflammasomopathy
Authors: Duncan-Lowey Jeffrey K , Chowdhary Vaidehi , Dunne Dana W 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The effect of autoinflammatory diseases on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection remains unknown. We report a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient with autoinflammation with infantile enterocolitis with inflammatory flares due to a mutation in the inflammasome component NLRC4. This case highlights the role of immunosuppression in patients with autoinflammation with COVID-19.
Spectrum composition of galactic center X-ray emission with point and diffuse X-ray sources
Authors: Nobukawa Masayoshi , Koyama Katsuji 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper reports that the X-ray spectrum from the Galactic Center X-ray Emission (GCXE) is expressed by an assembly of active binaries, non-magnetic cataclysmic variables, magnetic cataclysmic variables (X-ray active stars: XASs), cold matter, and diffuse sources. In the fitting of the limited components of the XASs, the GCXE spectrum exhibits significant excesses with χ2/d.o.f. = 5.67. The excesses are found at the energies of Kα, Heα, Lyα, and the radiative recombination continuum of S, Fe, and Ni. By adding components of the cold matter and the diffuse sources, the GCXE spectrum is nicely reproduced with χ2/d.o.f. = 1.53, which is the first quantitative model for the origin of the GCXE spectrum. The drastic improvement is mainly due to the recombining plasmas in the diffuse sources, which indicate the presence of high-energy activity of Sgr A* in the past of &gt;1000 yr.
Breastfeeding, Personal Responsibility and Financial Incentives
Authors: Hoskins Katelin , Schmidt Harald 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Should financial incentives be offered to mothers for breastfeeding? Given the significant socioeconomic and sociodemographic differences in breastfeeding in the USA, researchers and policymakers are exploring the role of financial incentives for breastfeeding promotion with the objective of increasing uptake and reducing disparities. Despite positive outcomes in other health domains, the acceptability of financial incentives is mixed. Financial incentives in the context of infant feeding are particularly controversial given the complex obligations that characterize decisions to breastfeed. After situating the specific ethical tensions related to personal responsibility, fairness, and intrusiveness, we argue that exploring carefully designed financial incentives can be ethically justified to support breastfeeding uptake particularly given (i) established medical guidelines that support breastfeeding benefits, (ii) wide socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities and (iii) notable influences in the broader choice architecture of infant feeding in the USA. Additional empirical research is warranted to better understand effectiveness, cost and specific ethical concerns related to free and informed choice.
Suicidal ideation in the perinatal period: findings from the Thailand–Myanmar border
Authors: Fellmeth G , Nosten S , Khirikoekkong N , Oo M M , Gilder M E , Plugge E , Fazel M , Fitzpatrick R , McGready R 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundSuicide is a leading cause of maternal death globally. Migrant and refugee populations may experience higher risk of suicide. We report data on suicidal ideation from migrant and refugee women living on the Thailand–Myanmar border.MethodsWomen were recruited in their first trimester of pregnancy. Depression status was assessed by diagnostic interview in the first, second and third trimesters and at 1 month post-partum. We calculated prevalence of suicidal ideation and used logistic regression to identify associated socio-demographic factors.ResultsDuring the perinatal period, 5.3% (30/568) women experienced suicidal ideation. Refugee women were more likely to experience suicidal ideation than migrant women (8.0 versus 3.1%; P = 0.01). Most women with suicidal ideation did not have severe depression. Previous trauma (OR 2.32; 95% CI: 1.70–3.15) and unplanned pregnancy (OR 2.74; 95% CI: 1.10–6.86) were significantly associated with suicidal ideation after controlling for all other variables.ConclusionsSuicidal ideation represents an important symptom among migrant and refugee women on the Thailand–Myanmar border. Screening only those with severe depression may be insufficient to identify women at risk of suicide. Community-level interventions addressing social and gender inequalities and prioritization of family planning programmes are needed alongside targeted suicide prevention initiatives to help lower the rates of people dying by suicide.
Cross-sectional associations between domain-specific sitting time and other lifestyle health behaviours: the Stormont study
Authors: Kettle Victoria E , Hamer Mark , Munir Fehmidah , Houdmont Jonathan , Wilson Kelly , Kerr Robert , Addley Ken , Sherar Lauren B , Clemes Stacy A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
There is a dearth of literature on how different domains of sitting time relate to other health behaviours. Therefore, this study aimed to explore these associations in a sample of office workers.

Methods
7170 Northern Irish Civil Servants completed an online survey which included information on workday and non-workday sitting time in five domains (travel, work, TV, computer-use, leisure-time), physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. An unhealthy behaviour score was calculated by summing the number of health behaviours which did not meet the current guidelines. Multinomial regressions examined associations between unhealthy behaviour score and each domain of sitting time.

Results
≥7 hours sitting at work and ≥2 hours TV viewing on a workday both more than doubled the odds of partaking in ≥3 unhealthy behaviours [Odds ratio, OR = 2.03, 95% CI, (1.59–2.61); OR = 2.19 (1.71–2.80)] and ≥3 hours of TV viewing on a non-workday nearly tripled the odds [OR = 2.96 (2.32–3.77)].

Conclusions
High sitting time at work and TV viewing on a workday and non-workday are associated with increased odds of partaking in multiple unhealthy behaviours. Interventions need to focus on these domains and public health policy should consider sitting time as an important health behaviour.
COMPARISON OF PHOTON-COUNTING AND FLAT-PANEL DIGITAL MAMMMOGRAPHY FOR THE PURPOSE OF 3D IMAGING USING A NOVEL IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD
Authors: Svahn T M , Gordon R , Ast J C , Riffel J , Hartbauer M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the present work was to compare the quality of low-dose projections from a photon-counting with a flat-panel system, and to evaluate a novel image processing method. Images were acquired of phantoms in both systems at average glandular doses ranging from ~ 0.15 to 1.4 mGy. Automated detection of low-contrast features and modulation transfer functions were evaluated in phantom images. The novel image processing method was compared with standard processing in a series of clinical cases. At low-doses (~0.15) the photon-counting system out-performed the flat-panel system with a much higher detectability of low-contrast features. The novel algorithm was superior to both manufacturers’ processing in terms of conspicuity of soft-tissue lesions (p &gt; 0.05), whereas it was not significantly different in calcification conspicuity. Photon-counting should allow more low-dose projections to be acquired at the same total dose. The novel image enhancer can help to further increase the image quality.
The publicness of publicly funded research
Authors: Link Albert N , Wagner Caroline S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we chronicle key US legislative initiatives during the post–World War II history of public policy related to the ownership of publicly funded research-based knowledge. Our motivation for recording this history is the observation that many scholars, who are appropriately concerned about taxpayer rights, have argued for the need for public policy to clarify ownership of the publicness or openness of publicly funded research results when in fact such public policies have long been in place. We conclude this historical trace with the proposition that if the past is prologue to the future, one might expect future administrations to continue to acknowledge the importance of public access to findings from publicly funded research, be that research having occurred in federal laboratories, universities, or private-sector organizations.
Efficacy of a stepped care approach to deliver cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia in cancer patients: a noninferiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Savard Josée , Ivers Hans , Savard Marie-Hélène , Morin Charles M , Caplette-Gingras Aude , Bouchard Stéphane , Lacroix Guy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Study Objectives
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the recommended first-line treatment for cancer-related insomnia, but its accessibility is very limited in routine care. A stepped care approach has been recommended as a cost-effective way to make CBT-I more widely accessible. However, no controlled study has yet been published about the efficacy of this approach. The goal of this noninferiority randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to compare the short and long-term efficacy of a stepped care CBT-I (StepCBT-I) to a standard face-to-face CBT-I (StanCBT-I).

Methods
A total of 177 cancer patients were randomized to: (1) StanCBT-I (6 face-to-face CBT-I sessions; n = 59) or (2) StepCBT-I (n = 118). In the StepCBT-I group, patients with less severe insomnia first received a web-based CBT-I (n = 65), while those with more severe insomnia received 6 face-to-face CBT-I sessions (n = 53). In both cases, patients could receive up to three booster sessions of CBT-I if they still had insomnia symptoms following this first step.

Results
Results indicated that the Step-CBT-I group showed an Insomnia Severity Index score reduction and a sleep efficiency (on a sleep diary) increase that was not significantly inferior to that of StanCBT-I at all post-treatment time points. Analyses of secondary outcomes indicated significant time effects (ps &lt; .001) and no significant group-by-time interactions (ps from .07 to .91) on other sleep diary parameters, sleep medication use, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and quality of life scores.

Conclusion(s)
The efficacy of stepped care CBT-I is not inferior to that of a standard face-to-face intervention and is a valuable approach to making this treatment more widely accessible to cancer patients.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01864720 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01864720?term=Savard&draw=2&rank=6; Stepped Care Model for the Wider Dissemination of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia Among Cancer Patients).
Phylogenomic Species Delimitation Dramatically Reduces Species Diversity in an Antarctic Adaptive Radiation
Authors: Parker Elyse , Dornburg Alex , Struthers Carl D , Jones Christopher D , Near Thomas J 
Published: July 2021

AbstractApplication of genetic data to species delimitation often builds confidence in delimitations previously hypothesized using morphological, ecological, and geographic data and frequently yields recognition of previously undescribed cryptic diversity. However, a recent critique of genomic data-based species delimitation approaches is that they have the potential to conflate population structure with species diversity, resulting in taxonomic oversplitting. The need for an integrative approach to species delimitation, in which molecular, morphological, ecological, and geographic lines of evidence are evaluated together, is becoming increasingly apparent. Here, we integrate phylogenetic, population genetic, and coalescent analyses of genome-wide sequence data with investigation of variation in multiple morphological traits to delimit species within the Antarctic barbeled plunderfishes (Artedidraconidae: Pogonophryne). Pogonophryne currently comprises 29 valid species, most of which are distinguished solely by variation in the ornamentation of the mental barbel that projects from the lower jaw, a structure previously shown to vary widely within a single species. However, our genomic and phenotypic analyses result in a dramatic reduction in the number of distinct species recognized within the clade, providing evidence to support the recognition of no more than six species. We propose to synonymize 24 of the currently recognized species with five species of Pogonophryne. We find genomic and phenotypic evidence for a new species of Pogonophryne from specimens collected in the Ross Sea. Our findings represent a rare example in which the application of molecular data provides evidence of taxonomic oversplitting on the basis of morphology, clearly demonstrating the utility of an integrative species delimitation framework.[ddRADseq; multispecies coalescent; Notothenioidei; SNPs; Southern Ocean.]
Lactate and blood ammonia on admission as biomarkers to predict the prognosis of patients with acute mushroom poisoning and liver failure: a retrospective study
Authors: Gao Yanguo , Zhang Hongqiao , Zhong Hua , Yang Suosuo , Wang Qiuyan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The diagnosis of liver damage induced by mushroom poisoning is still challenging. This study aims to screen the early biological indexes that could predict acute mushroom poisoning with liver damage. The patients with acute mushroom poisoning and liver damage admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University，China from July 2007 to August 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 66 patients were enrolled in this study, with 44 and 22 patients in the liver injury group and liver failure group, respectively. Ten patients in the liver failure group died, with a mortality of 45.5% in this group. Multivariable Cox regression showed that the blood ammonia (NH3) and lactic acid (Lac) at the time of admission were independently associated with the in-hospital time to death for patients with liver failure induced by mushroom poisoning. Lactate and blood ammonia at the time of admission could be used to predict the prognosis of patients with acute mushroom poisoning and liver failure.
Thymic lymphomas in a 6-Month rasH2-Tg mouse carcinogenicity study with the RORγt Inverse Agonist, BMS-986251
Authors: Haggerty Helen G , Sathish Jean G , Gleason Carol R , Al-Haddawi Muthafar , Brodie Thomas A , Bonnette Kimberly L , Lewis Bridget S , Graziano Michael J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BMS-986251 is a RORγt inverse agonist that was in development for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. RORγt is a nuclear hormone receptor and transcription factor that is involved in the differentiation and function of TH17 cells. RORγt-deficient (constitutive or conditional) mice develop thymic lymphomas with &gt;50% mortality at 4 months, while heterozygous mice are normal. A six-month study was conducted in rasH2-Tg hemizygous mice to assess the potential carcinogenicity of BMS-986251. BMS-986251 was administered once daily by oral gavage to groups of 27 mice/sex at doses of 0 (water control), 0 (vehicle control), 5, 25, or 75 mg/kg. The positive control, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, was administered by a single intraperitoneal injection to 15 mice/sex at a dose of 75 mg/kg. There were no tumors attributed to BMS-986251 except for thymic lymphomas. Thymic lymphoma was observed in 1 male (3.7%) and 3 females (11.1%) at the mid dose, and 6 females (22.2%) at the high dose. No lymphomas were observed in the negative control groups whereas the incidence of lymphomas in the positive control group was 47-60%. The incidence of thymic lymphomas in the BMS-986251-treated groups was higher than published literature and test facility historical control data. Furthermore, increased thymic lymphoid cellularity (lymphoid hyperplasia) was observed at the mid dose in males and at all doses in females. Since lymphoid hyperplasia may represent a pre-neoplastic change, a no-effect dose for potential tumor induction was not identified in this study. These results led to the discontinuation of BMS-986251 and underscores the challenges in targeting RORγt for drug development.
Vascularized Pedicled Fibula for Pediatric Tibia Reconstruction
Authors: Medda Suman , King Matthew A. , Runyan Christopher M. , Frino John 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
This video reviews the technique of a vascularized fibula flap for pediatric tibia reconstruction. A 4-year-old boy with a history of a left tibial infected nonunion status after multiple debridements presented with segmental bone loss and difficulty with ambulation. An ipsilateral vascularized fibula flap was used for reconstruction. The patient proceeded to union and was independently ambulatory with bracing.
Novel Method for Reduction of Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Mennona Steven , Mascarenhas Daniel , Green Anna , Alter Todd , Ryan James , Sagebien Carlos , Monica James 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
Distal radius fractures are one of the most common fractures seen in orthopaedics. These fractures may be treated surgically or conservatively depending on patient-related and radiographic factors. Displaced fractures should be reduced in the acute setting to better align the fracture fragments and a splint applied to hold the fracture in this position. Fractures that are acceptably reduced may be treated conservatively with casting and close radiographic follow-up to ensure maintained alignment. In this video, we describe our technique for closed reduction of distal radius fractures and review important factors that guide treatment.
Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Its Association With Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Authors: Chotalia Minesh , Ali Muzzammil , Alderman Joseph E. , Kalla Manish , Parekh Dhruv , Bangash Mansoor N. , Patel Jaimin M. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To assess whether right ventricular dilation or systolic impairment is associated with mortality and/or disease severity in invasively ventilated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Single-center U.K. ICU.

PATIENTS:
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 acute respiratory distress syndrome undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation that received a transthoracic echocardiogram between March and December 2020.

INTERVENTION:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Right ventricular dilation was defined as right ventricular:left ventricular end-diastolic area greater than 0.6, right ventricular systolic impairment as fractional area change less than 35%, or tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion less than 17 mm. One hundred seventy-two patients were included, 59 years old (interquartile range, 49–67), with mostly moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (n = 101; 59%). Ninety-day mortality was 41% (n = 70): 49% in patients with right ventricular dilation, 53% in right ventricular systolic impairment, and 72% in right ventricular dilation with systolic impairment. The right ventricular dilation with systolic impairment phenotype was independently associated with mortality (odds ratio, 3.11 [95% CI, 1.15–7.60]), but either disease state alone was not. Right ventricular fractional area change correlated with Pao
2:Fio
2 ratio, Paco
2, chest radiograph opacification, and dynamic compliance, whereas right ventricular:left ventricle end-diastolic area correlated negatively with urine output.

CONCLUSIONS:
Right ventricular systolic impairment correlated with pulmonary pathophysiology, whereas right ventricular dilation correlated with renal dysfunction. Right ventricular dilation with systolic impairment was the only right ventricular phenotype that was independently associated with mortality.