bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Andisols properties as affected by horticulture land use and pine forest in Lembang Sub District, West Java
Authors: Hati D P , Gani R A , Mulyani A , Husnain  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Andisols have different characteristics depending on the use and management of the soil. This study aimed to determine the different characteristics of Andisols at horticulture land use and pine forest. Three soil profiles in Lembang, West Java, have been identified to represent land use differences and 23 soil samples were selected for analysis of the soil chemical and physical properties. The results showed that the three profiles have very thick solum (≥150 cm), bulk density of 0.40 to 0.68 g cm−3, pH NaF >10, very high P retention (>90%) with acid to slightly acid soil reaction. organic C was very high in the surface horizon and decreased irregularly with soil depth. The upper layer of soil planted with vegetables has a higher content of total K and available P compared to the soil under pine forests. The soil was classified as Typic Hapludands or Umbric Andosols. High P retention and low pH are some of the limiting factors in agricultural business, requiring soil cultivation and application of organic matter to increase soil pH and reduce P retention.
The adaptability of rice varieties on tidal swampland in South Kalimantan
Authors: Koesrini  , Nurzakiah S , Mayasari V , Rina Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Swampland was marginal land with considerable potential for rice farming. The key solution to overcome swampland constraints is nutrient, water, and plant management as well as the use of adaptive rice varieties. Inpara (Inbred swamp rice) is a variety released for adaptation to swampland. This research aimed to evaluate the adaptability of Inpara varieties in tidal swampland. The research was conducted at potential acid sulphate soil (Karang Bunga village, Barito Kuala regency) and actual acid sulphate soil (Barambai Kolam Kanan village, Barito Kuala regency). Randomized block design with three replications was applied to examine rice varieties. Data were collected and analyzed by variance analysis, if it is significant it will be tested with DMRT test. The result showed that there was a variation yield and adaptation (Fe score) among varieties tested. Some of the superior adaptive rice varieties were Inpara 1, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 6, and Inpara 9 in tidal swampland. The average yield in potential acid sulphate soil was 37.9% higher than that of actual acid sulphate soil. The implication of this research was the variety of Inpara 1, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 6, and Inpara 9 can be used as substitute varieties in the tidal swampland.
Seed treatment using biofertilizer to improve plant growth and yield performances of upland rice cultivars under various planting densities
Authors: Saryoko A , Kusumawati S , Pohan A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Producing upland rice through the use of high yielding cultivars and better agronomical practices is a promising way to improve rice production in Indonesia. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of seed treatment on growth and yield of two upland rice cultivars under two planting densities, and to identify its related traits. A field experiment was conducted in Banten Province, Indonesia. Two rice cultivars, Inpago 8 and Inpago 9 were treated with biofertilizer and were arranged into double-row system with the density of 21 plants m−2 or 33 plants m−2. Research results showed that seed treatment significantly improved plant growth and seed yield for both cultivars due to greater panicle number and seed number per panicle. Biofertilizer contributed to a greater amount of total biomass as well as harvest index (HI). Increasing planting density from 21 to 33 plants per m−2 improved panicle number that affected seed yield increase. The Inpago 9 performed superior in seed yield as compared to Inpago 8 due to better seed number per panicle and HI. High yielding upland rice cultivars in combination with biofertilizer and appropriate planting density would be an approach to improve upland rice production.
Dynamic of groundwater table, peat subsidence and carbon emission impacted from deforestation in tropical peatland, Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Basuki I , Budiman A , Netzer M , Safitri R , Maulana R , Nusirhan T S E , Syamsir  , Bernal B 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Drainage canals have triggered peat subsidence and lowered groundwater table, enabling wildfires and peat degradation in Riau, Indonesia. This study examines the changes on groundwater table, peat subsidence rate, and carbon emission in response to deforestation and land cover changes. We established 31 study sites in some land cover types (i.e., oil palm plantation, acacia regrowth and shrub), with 124 monitoring shallow wells and 31 subsidence poles that were setup and have been monitored for 18 months. Groundwater table of all plots averaged -55 cm in Dosan Village, higher than that in Dayun Village (-66 cm). In accordance, peat had subsided in faster rate (8.4 cm year−1) in Dayun Village than that in Dosan (3.3 cm year−1). This average annual groundwater table has resulted in carbon emissions from peat decomposition up to 66 t CO2eq ha−1 year−1. On the other hand, canal discharge of these sites ranged from 2 to 73 dm3 s−1, averaging 26 dm3 s−1. These results evidence that land uses converted from peat forest, and the dimension of canal control the decrease in groundwater table, the pace of peat subsidence, and rate of carbon emissions in tropical peatlands.
Controlling maize weevil in corn plants by improving cultivation technology and postharvest handling
Authors: Arrahman A , Saenong M S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The maize weevil is corn pests that reduce production and damages the storage quality. Therefore, pest management should simultaneously be carried out by applying all available technologies. This pest can damage up to 30% of plant productivity, not including the value of losses due to decreased quality of hazardous materials for health and safety, both as feed and feed. Aflatoxin contamination for example, can be dangerous if consumed. This paper is a desk study that reviews some literature, attempts to describe the role of cultivation technology improvement, crop protection, optimum watering, phosphate fertilization, the technology of postharvest handling, management of water content of corn kernels, sanitation, cleanliness, warehouse management, pesticide use, and fumigation in reducing the scale of damage and increasing the added value of production, and improving the quality of stored materials so that they are safe to use, both as food and feed. The utilization of cultivation technology management and good postharvest handling will have an impact on controlling and reducing the damage quality of storage materials and increasing the safe product quality for both food and feed needs as well.
The use of green super rice varieties and harvest waste in sustainable rice farming in tidal lands
Authors: Susilawati  , Syamsuddin  , Qomariah R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The practice of increasing rice productivity in tidal swamp lands is guided by synergistic cultivation through integrated crop management (ICM). The objective of the study was to improve technology through the use of crop residue and increase rice productivity in tidal land. The superior varieties from Green Super Rice (GSR) group used was Inpari 42 and 43, combined with straw left in the land, site-specific fertilization, and dolomite application. The study was conducted from April 2017 to September 2018 in the tidal land of Belanti Siam Village. The method of participatory on farm and farmers activities involves 10 farmers on an area of 10 ha. The results proved that the application of 5 t ha−1 of straw waste remains in the land after harvesting, and the addition of 0.5 to 1 t ha−1, dolomite, were able to increase soil pH from 4.0 to 4.2. Application of the straw waste, rice productivity increased by 32% (4.8 t ha−1) after the first application and further 21% (5.1 t ha−1) after the second application for the Inpari 42 variety. The productivity levels of Inpari 43 variety increased 112% (4.8 t ha−1) and 16% (5.6 t ha−1) after the first and the second applications, respectively.
Financial benefits of using soil test kit of PUTS for determining dosage of lowland rice fertilizer
Authors: Irawan  , Kasno A , Nurjaya  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Determination of a balanced fertilizer dosage on lowland rice can be done as quickly as possible using a paddy soil test kit (PUTS) which has been developed by Indonesian Soil Research Institute (ISRI), Agency for Agricultural Research and Development. This study aims to convince farmers on the financial benefits of using PUTS in determining balanced fertilizer dosage for lowland rice. The study was conducted in dry season 2018 in technical irrigation paddy fields in collaboration with farmers’ group members of Cibentar and Mulya Sanepa, Buahdua Sub-district, Sumedang Regency, West Java. The results showed that fertilizer dosage applied by farmers was higher than PUTS dosage, especially for NPK Phonska 15:15:15 fertilizer. On the other hand, the productivity of Inpari 33 rice with PUTS fertilizer dosage was higher than the farmers’dosage. Additional net benefits of using PUTS to determine fertilizer dosage of lowland rice was IDR 4,028,888 ha−1 in Mulya Sanepa and IDR 2,160,506 ha−1 in Cibentar farmers’ group, respectively. Similar study still needs to be conducted on various paddy field ecosystems to further convince farmers. However, it is recommended that the use of PUTS needs to be more promoted nationally to increase fertilizer use efficiency, rice productivity and farmer’s income.
The mentoring of livestock areas in East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Ratnawaty S , Rubianti A , Yusriani Y , Yusuf  
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe aims of mentoring program are (1) farmer who want to apply new technology; (2) extension workers for field area; (3) the agricultural officer; and (4) other parties who involved in technology innovation and decision making to recommend and utilize the new technology. This study uses a farmer group-based adaptive research approach with descriptive methods and survey techniques implemented in Kupang District, North Central Timor, and Malacca in 2018. East Nusa Tenggara Assessment Institute has applied several mentoring formats for agricultural technologies, including (1) coordination, socialization, and also synchronization with local government; (2) becoming a resource person and giving the workshop; (3) the technology innovation demonstration through demonstration plot as the example of technology dissemination; (4) Becoming the initiator and facilitator for discussion; (5) the provider of dissemination material. Site-specific technological interventions are used in animal technology assistance to support beef self-sufficiency programs in East Nusa Tenggara. The result of this program makes the differences indicated by the increase in each stage of assistance. The indication of the program is a better cattle production performance compared to existing farmers. The Mentoring on livestock area in East Nusa Tenggara had been reaching eight districts, 11 sub-districts, 16 villages, and 22 farmer groups.
Habitat characteristics and population of Syzygium cumini L. in private forest and customary forest of Yogyakarta
Authors: Sudomo A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the development of Syzygium cumini as a prospective commodity for pharmaceutical raw materials, information on habitat characteristics is required as a basis for technical suitability to land. The study aimed to determine the habitat and population characteristics of S. cuminii in the private forest and customary forest. The population of S. cumini was grown in the field condition of the private forest and the customary forest in Yogyakarta Province. The sites of the plot samples were purposively chosen in a random following the standard method. The results showed that S.cumini trees were naturally grown at hilly/mountainous soil conditions, with a thin layer of soil, lots of rocks, and less fertile soil land based on the medium N, as well as low P and K contents. The trees were grown at an altitude below 500 meters above sea level, >1,000 mm year−1 rainfall, soil clay, the temperature of 25 °C to 30 °C, and mixed with other types of trees. The population of S.cumini trees in the private forest was 417 stands ha−1, higher than that of the customary forest (288 stands ha−1). S. cumini has more potential to be secured its existence in customary forest and to be developed in private forest.
Status of soil organic carbon and its management recommendation for rice plants at four experiment stations of the Indonesian Centre for Rice Research
Authors: Widowati L R , Sasmita P , Setyorini D , Jamil A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A survey, mapping, and compilation of recommendations for paddy field had been carried out in four Experimental Station of Indonesian Center for Rice Research in 2015-2016. The objective of detailed scale nutrient status mapping (<1:5,000) was to obtain information about the different variations in the diversity of organic matter status and its management. The results showed that C-organic content of paddy soils, of the 318,44 ha of paddy fields area at Sukamandi was low for 314.37 ha or 98.72% and moderate for 4.07 ha (1.28%). Pusakanagara experimental station, with 37.50 ha of paddy fields area, had low and moderate levels of soil C-organic contents on 8.68 ha (41.75%), and 12.12 ha (58.25%) area respectively. About 20.80 ha rice field area at the Kuningan research station contained low and medium C-organic on 8.68 ha (41.75%) and 12.12 ha (58.25%) area respectively. At Muara experimental station, soil C-organic was classified as low and moderate for 8.14 ha (40.72%), and 11.86 ha (59.28%) area respectively. To increase the C-organic status of this soil, it must be carried out to return harvested straw and or apply manure from outside at least 4 t ha−1.
Polder system water management on non-tidal swamp area based on water balance analysis
Authors: Kartiwa B , Sutrisno N , Hamdani A , Nugroho W T , Muhardiono I , Harmanto  , Yani I , Roland R , Ismail I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Polder system is the key to manage floods in agricultural non-tidal swamp land. Infrastructures to support polder system integrated management include: regional drainage systems, retention ponds, dikes, pumps and/or gates. Pump requirement in an optimally managed polder system is influenced by the polder area, rainfall, soil, and hydrological characteristic. This article presents water balance models application in determining the number and operational duration of pumps to achieve effective and optimal polder function in controlling floods and inundation during the rainy season. This study was conducted in a palm-oil plantation located in lebak swamp area in Pawalutan, Banjang, Hulu Sungai Utara, during September 2016 to September 2017. Pump units and operation durations were calculated based on estimated inundation volumes depending on the water inlet and water balance. Seepage discharge was estimated using Darcy equation. Result of the recovery test measurements showed hydraulic conductivity value of 4.1x10−05 ms−1, while the estimated seepage discharge was 8.6 m3 hr−1 km−1. The pump requirement analysis indicated the need of 55 pump units with 2,500 m3 hr−1 pumping capacity to overcome inundation in the study site with 1,417 ha inundated area. These pumps were distributed into 9 zones, each with 4 to 10 units.
Comparison study of growth and yield of three soybean varieties on acid upland soil of South Lampung
Authors: Diptaningsari D , Rivaie A A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lampung is mostly occupied by marginal acid upland soils. However, applying of suitable technology innovations could improve the soybean productivity in this marginal land. Until now, only a few field studies have been conducted on the adaptability of new soybean varieties in acid upland soils of Lampung. Therefore, present study’s objectives were to compare the agronomic performance and the yield of three soybean varieties on an acid upland soil of South Lampung. As the treatments, the three soybean varieties were Anjasmoro, Grobogan, and Dering 1. The research was set in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. The results showed that in general, based on the agronomic performance, the Anjasmoro variety was more adaptable compared with Grobogan and Dering 1 variety. This might be related to the number of effective nodules in the rooting system of Anjasmoro variety which was higher than that of Grobogan and Dering 1 varieties. In addition, the Anjasmoro variety had the highest yield as 2.60 t ha−1 than that of the Grobogan and Dering 1 varieties as 2.33 and 1.99 t ha−1, respectively.
The use of botanical insecticide based on local resources to increase swamp rice yield in South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Sutriadi M T , Kartikawati R , Wahyuni S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The use of botanical insecticide is one of the ways to reduce the negative impact on the agricultural environment due to chemical insecticide applications. Some plants have been identified as botanical insecticide such as Azadirachta indica (Neem), Swietenia mahagoni (Mahagony), Aegle marmelos (Maja fruit), etc. This study was conducted as a part of the demonstration farm located in the swamp rice field in South Kalimantan. The objective of the study was to increase the swamp rice yield by controlling plant pests and disease based on local resources environment friendly. The plot experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three treatments and six replications and the plot size wase 1.000 m2. The treatments consisted of fully RAISA technology (T1 treatment), RAISA + IAERI botanical insecticide (T2 treatment), and RAISA + Galam botanical insecticide (T3 treatment). The result showed that the highest yield rice was produced in T2 treatment (6.5 t ha−1 unhusked dry rice), then T3 and T1 treatments were 5.5 and 5.1 t ha−1 unhusked dry rice, respectively. The highest amount of insect was found at T1 treatment, followed T2 and T3 treatments, respectively.
Effects of residual biochar amendment on soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake, crop yield and N2O emissions reduction in acidic upland rice of East Lampung
Authors: Jubaedah  , Muhtar  , Nurida N L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Previous studies have been recognized that biochar addition to poor soil may lead to improve soil and crop productivity, also reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the results were varied and the mechanisms were not clear. Two rates of rice husk (RH) and cacao shell (CS) biochar namely 0 and 15 t ha−1 were applied to soil, to investigate the effect of RH and CS biochar on soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake, crop yield, and N2O emissions reduction on upland rice at acidic soil of East Lampung. It was residual effect study; biochar was applied only in the first planting season of 2012. In addition, N2O emissions from the soil were monitored with close chamber method. The result showed that 15 t ha−1 CS biochar treatment was the best treatment, resulted 1.21 t ha−1 yield. Meanwhile on 15 t ha−1 RH biochar treatment was only 0.22 t ha−1. However, no significance difference on both nutrient uptake and N2O emissions among the treatments. N2O emissions from RH and CS biochar treatment were reduced 26% and 21% compare to control. Our result proposed that CS biochar may use as soil amendment, to improve crop productivity and also to combat climate change.
Mitigation of pyrite oxidation impact in tidal swamp management for agriculture
Authors: Subiksa I G M , Sukristyonubowo  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Reclamation of tidal swamps will increase the opportunities of pyrite oxidation which causes severe acidification. Pyrite oxidation occurs due to over drained and pyrite exposed to oxygen. The acidification process is unavoidable; therefore, mitigation efforts needed to minimize adverse impacts. In general, mitigation efforts can be done with 2 approaches, namely preventive approach, an effort to prevent continued acidification, and curative approaches, an effort to rehabilitate degraded land. Land use planning with detailed engineering design is the first step to mitigate the effects of pyrite oxidation. Mitigation efforts for acidified soil can be using water management techniques to leach toxic elements out from the root zone. Many research results revealed that one-way flow system water management was effective to reduce toxic element. High soil acidity and toxic element can also reduce by applying soil ameliorant such as 0.5 to 2.0 t ha−1 of lime. It’s can increase soil pH, plant growth and fertilizer use efficiency. Strong acid soils also cause low nutrient status due to intensive leaching and fixation. Therefore, nutrient supply trough fertilization is needed. Finally, mitigation efforts can also be done by planting acid tolerant rice varieties that resulted from long time rice research in tidal swamps. This paper described some efforts should be done to mitigate pyrite oxidation impacts for agriculture.
Adjusting planting time using water balance and rainfall prediction approaches
Authors: Apriyana Y , Pramudia A , Koswara M R S , Misnawati  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The appropriate planting time is an alternative to avoid loss yield and increase the production of food crops. The objectives of this study were to analyze water balance for adjusting the proper planting time was carried out in three locations with different rainfall patterns and groundwater capacities. The analysis was performed using the water balance approach. Input data used are rainfall prediction potential evapotranspiration and groundwater storage capacity. The results showed that the water balance analysis in Bandar Sidoras Irrigation Area with an equatorial rainfall pattern has a water surplus period of 2 to 3 months longer than the Mrican Kanan and Gadungan Lambuk Irrigation Area, which have a monsoon rainfall pattern. However, the potential cropping pattern applied in each Irrigation Area is the same, Rice-Rice-Maize/Soybean, with the first planting season in Gadungan Lambuk in earlier of May to August. In comparison, the first planting season in the other two irrigation areas is from November to February. The water balance and rainfall prediction approaches are appropriate for determining optimal growth and development of food crops.
Heavy metal pollution assessment in paddy fields and dryland in Bandung District, West Java
Authors: Sukarjo  , Zulaehah I , Handayani C O , Zu’amah H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides causes the accumulation of heavy metals in intensive agricultural land. Besides, the development of industries around the agricultural area further aggravates the accumulation of heavy metals. This study aimed to assess spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination in agricultural land in Bandung District. In this study, seven concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in soils were analysed from 273 sampling sites in paddy and horticultural lands in Bandung Regency, Indonesia. The single pollution index (PI) and the Nemerow Integrated Pollution Index (NIPI) were calculated for each surface sample (0-20 cm) to assess the level of heavy metal pollution. Ordinary Krigging (OK) method was used to delineate the spatial distribution of heavy metals. The results show that the average values of all PIs and NIPI values are at a safe level, except for cobalt which showing slightly polluted. The analysis showed that around 3.23 and 8.76% of soil samples were slightly contaminated with cadmium and cobalt, respectively. The finding can be used as a reference for stakeholders to manage paddy fields against heavy metal contamination.