bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between the hard and soft dimensions of the nose inPan troglodytesandHomo sapiensreveal the nasal protrusions of Plio-Pleistocene hominids
Authors: Campbell Ryan M. , Vinas Gabriel , Henneberg Maciej 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBy identifying similarity in bone and soft tissue covariation patterns in hominids, it is possible to produce facial approximation methods that are compatible with more than one species of primate. In this study, we conducted an interspecific comparison of the nasomaxillary region in chimpanzees and modern humans with the aim of producing a method for predicting the nasal protrusions of ancient Plio-Pleistocene hominids. We addressed this aim by first collecting and performing regression analyses of linear and angular measurements of nasal cavity length and inclination in modern humans (Homosapiens; n = 72) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes; n= 19), and then by performing a set of out-of-group tests. The first test was performed on two subjects that belonged to the same genus as the training sample, i.e.,Homo(n= 1) andPan(n= 1), and the second test, which functioned as an interspecies compatibility test, was performed onPan paniscus(n= 1),Gorilla gorilla(n= 3),Pongo pygmaeus(n= 1),Pongo abelli(n= 1),Symphalangus syndactylus(n= 3), andPapio hamadryas(n= 3). We identified statistically significant correlations in both humans and chimpanzees with slopes that displayed homogeneity of covariation. Joint prediction formulae were found to be compatible with humans and chimpanzees as well as all other African great apes, i.e., bonobos and gorillas. The main conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that regression models for approximating nasal projection are homogenous among humans and African apes and can thus be reasonably extended to ancestors leading to these clades.
Designing a new mathematical model for optimising a multi-product RFID-based closed-loop food supply chain with a green entrepreneurial orientation
Authors: Jahanshahee Nezhad Farshid , Taghizadeh-Yazdi Mohammadreza , Heidary Dahooie Jalil , Zamani Babgohari Ali , Sajadi Seyed Mojtaba 
Published: October 2021

PurposeEnvironmental awareness is increasing among people in developing countries. In this regard, companies should consider ecological goals in addition to financial goals. Since the food industry is recognised as one of the largest emitters of CO2, profit and ecological objectives are optimised in radio-frequency identification (RFID) based closed-loop supply chain in the food industry in this paper.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature, companies with a green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) can turn ecological problems into opportunities using their proactiveness. In this regard, a new mixed-integer non-linear mathematical model is presented for optimising a new multi-product RFID-based closed-loop supply chain with a GEO in the food industry. The case study in this paper is Ofogh-e Kourosh company which is located in Iran. The GAMS software is used to code this model.FindingsThe optimum number of new products and materials flow was found among the closed-loop supply chain entities. Some factors as price, quality and warranty of products were considered, and the number of reopening of facilities if needed was set. The optimum node for RFID installation was found.Originality/valueThe paper presents a multi-objective mathematical model for optimising a multi-product RFID-based closed-loop supply chain with a GEO in the food industry. In addition, this paper gives insights into how can model this type of supply chain considering ecological and financial attributes.
Decision tree-based classification in coastal area integrating polarimetric SAR and optical data
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , He Xiufeng , Xu Jia , Guo Lin , Lu Yanyan , Zhang Rongchun 
Published: October 2021

PurposeAs one of the world's most productive ecosystems, ecological land plays an important role in regional and global environments. Utilizing advanced optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for land cover/land use research becomes increasingly popular. This research aims to investigate the complementarity of fully polarimetric SAR and optical imaging for ecological land classification in the eastern coastal area of China.Design/methodology/approachFour polarimetric decomposition methods, namely, H/Alpha, Yamaguchi3, VanZyl3 and Krogager, were applied to Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) SAR image for scattering parameter extraction. These parameters were merged with ALOS optical parameters for subsequent classification using the object-based quick, unbiased, efficient statistical tree decision tree method.FindingsThe experimental results indicate that an improved classification performance was obtained in the decision level when merging the two data sources. In fact, unlike classification using only optical images, the proposed approach allowed to distinguish ecological land with similar spectrum but different scattering. Moreover, unlike classification using only polarimetric information, the integration of polarimetric and optical data allows to accurately distinguish reed from artemisia and sand from salt field and therefore achieve a detailed classification of the coastal area characteristics.Originality/valueThis research proposed an integrated classification method for coastal ecological land with polarimetric SAR and optical data. The object-based and decision-level fusion enables effective ecological land classification in coastal area was verified.
Understanding healthcare sector organizations from a dynamic capabilities perspective
Authors: Loureiro Ruben , Ferreira João J. , Simões Jorge 
Published: October 2021

PurposeDynamic capabilities (DCs) need renewing to respond to changes emerging in the environment, and organizations must build up their capacities to sustain good performance levels. This study aims to identifying and characterizing the DCs existing in public health sector organizations by surveying the DC-related areas in health organizations, contributing to broader and more systematized knowledge in this field.Design/methodology/approachThe authors sent a questionnaire to 245 professionals with leadership and management positions in healthcare organizations in this study. The authors used multivariate methods to validate the variables used to measure the DCs.FindingsIn addition to highlighting the impact of DCs on public health organizations' performance, the study’s results allowed the authors to identify hidden capacities in the organizations of this sector, which only emerge when resource management difficulties occur. These changes and difficulties may interact with users and/or professionals' needs and make organizational management a particular challenge aggravated by quick responses to ensure the organization's survival.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature's call for a deeper understanding of the role of DCs and contribute to a greater practical understanding of how these capabilities influence the performance of such organizations.
Being stressed in the family or married with work? A literature review and clustering of work-family conflict
Authors: Pascucci Tancredi , Hernández Sánchez Brizeida , Sánchez García José Carlos 
Published: October 2021

PurposeWork-family conflict is an important topic which had an evolution, starting from a static definition, where work and family domains were divided, to a more dynamic and complex balance. COVID-19 has influenced society and created a significant distress among families and working activity, and this topic has been characterised by a major interest, considering some old definitions where this balance was considered problematic but not as an enriching opportunity.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used SCOPUS to find all records mentioning work-family conflict, by considering book, article and review, excluding conference paper and considering only records written in English language. After a duplicated and not pertinent record removal, the authors obtained a number of 675 records. The authors considered 437 records from SCOPUS to create a cluster map.FindingsUsing SCOPUS and VOSviewer the authors have clustered 5 different areas, which are regrouped in next clusters considering keywords with most co-occurrence and significancy: Work-life balance and burnout gender cluster job stress and performance social and family support job satisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsCluster map is origined only by SCOPUS database.Originality/valueThis work aims to find a state of art about this topic, creating hypothesis where this problem has been exacerbated by 2020 due to important society modifications created by COVID-19, where recent evolution of work-family balance has been complicated by papers which come back to consider this balance as problematic.
Deconstructing racial essentialism in the classroom
Authors: Tawa John , LoPresti Anthony , Lynch Danielle 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examine how change in white college students’ beliefs about race over the course of a semester impacted their interactions with diverse others. While there is an increasing interest in understanding people's beliefs about race, there has been limited research examining how people’s beliefs about race can and do change over time and how education can facilitate this change.

Design/methodology/approach
White students (N = 98) at a predominantly white college completed a multidimensional racial essentialism measure and measures of both self-report and behavioral interactions with diversity, at the beginning and end of a semester. Multilevel modeling with time-varying predictors was used to examine how change in beliefs about race related to change in diversity interactions.

Findings
The impact of racial essentialism on student diversity interaction varied considerably depending on the type of racial essentialism. Higher levels of speciation and genotypic essentialism at Time 1 were related to lower interaction with diversity at Time 2. Decreases in phenotypic essentialism were concurrent with increases in diversity interaction over the duration of the semester. For a subgroup of students enrolled in a race and diversity course, unexpectedly, decreases in genotypic essentialism were concurrent with decreases in diversity interaction.

Originality/value
By using a multidimensional model of beliefs about race with a longitudinal assessment, this study contributes to our understanding of how specific components of beliefs about race change over time and how change in these beliefs occurs concurrently with students’ diverse interactions. The findings are discussed in relation to the impact of education on students’ peer interactions with diverse others, with specific implications for race and diversity pedagogy.
Fintech, base of the pyramid entrepreneurs and social value creation
Authors: Arslan Ahmad , Buchanan Bonnie G. , Kamara Samppa , Al Nabulsi Nasib 
Published: October 2021

PurposeFintech is having a profound impact in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) because it offers more financial inclusion. In this paper, the authors examine the interrelationship of Fintech, base of the pyramid (BOP) entrepreneurs and social value creation, particularly in the SSA context.Design/methodology/approachThe current paper uses a qualitative research design with open-ended, in-depth interviews as the main data sources. The authors interviewed respondents from the Sierra Leone Fintech Association and four BOP entrepreneurs operating in different sectors.FindingsThe authors find that Fintech services, specifically mobile money, play a significant role in reducing uncertainty surrounding business operations. FinTech also offers growth possibilities for BOP entrepreneurs and creates social value by providing transactional security, convenience and reducing physical cash robberies. At the same time, Fintech contributes to social value by enhancing BOP entrepreneurs as well as consumers' skills development.Research limitations/implicationsThis study highlights the importance of context-specific theorization when analyzing the interlinkage between BOP entrepreneurship, social value creation and Fintech. For example, the possibility of safety from a street robbery may not appear to be part of social value creation by a technological development like Fintech. However, in a country like Sierra Leone, which has experienced both a civil war and Ebola outbreak, insecurity has been one of the biggest concerns expressed by BOP inhabitants. Hence, scholars need to incorporate contextual elements of risk, uncertainty and volatility while theorizing on Fintech's application in BOP contexts.Practical implicationsA key managerial implication relates to micro-firm entrepreneurs and information specific benefits. Fintech offers entrepreneurs the possibility to be in regular contact with customers and evaluate their purchasing patterns as well as emergent needs. Fintech offers BOP entrepreneurs a possibility to further develop their technological skills as learning to use such apps can be used as a basis for further skills development. From a policy perspective, our study highlights the importance of regulating Fintech charges so that the affordability is increased, which is expected to result in significantly more BOP entrepreneurs using these services.Social implicationsThe authors find that at the same time, Fintech contributes to social value by enhancing skills development of BOP consumers who interact with case firms.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the first studies that specifically focuses on BOP entrepreneurship and social value creation by Fintech services in an SSA context. It is also one of the few studies that incorporates views from both entrepreneurs and the country's Fintech association, rather than focusing solely on either entrepreneurs or Fintech firms. Finally, there is a specific focus on BOP entrepreneurs engaging in micro-entrepreneurship.
Impact of transformational leadership and transparent communication on employee openness to change: mediating role of employee organization trust and moderated role of change-related self-efficacy
Authors: Zainab Bushra , Akbar Waqar , Siddiqui Faiza 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of transformational leadership and transparent communication on employees' openness to change with the mediating role of employee organization trust and moderating effects of change-related self-efficacy.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 260 employees from banking sector of Pakistan through self-administrated questionnaire participated in this study and the data was analysed through partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe results reveal that transformational leadership and transparent communication help to create trust among employees of the organization which ultimately have positive effects on employee openness to change. Further, the results suggest that the presence of change-related self-efficacy significantly moderates relation between the transformational leadership and employee openness to change. However, change self-efficacy does not change the relationship between transparent communication and employee openness to change.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to change management literature and helps organizations to understand the importance of employees and their positive behaviour during change.Practical implicationsThe researcher provides the guidelines for employers to craft change communication policy during the change implementation phase.Originality/valueThis study tests a mediating role of employee organization trust and moderating role of change-related self-efficacy in relation with transformational leadership and transparent communication on employees' openness to change which had not been tested theoretically and empirically in the context of Pakistan.
The relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement. Moderated mediation roles of psychological ownership and belief in just world
Authors: Nurtjahjani Fullchis , Batilmurik Ridolof Wenand , Puspita Ayu Fury , Fanggidae Jappy Parlindungan 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the mediating and moderating effects of psychological ownership and belief in just world in the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement.

Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from 183 lecturers who teach in an Indonesian university. The questionnaires covered transformational leadership, psychological ownership, belief in just world and work engagement. The collected data were examined with structural equation model analysis.

Findings
The results demonstrated a significant moderated mediation index, which indicated that the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement is mediated by psychological ownership and is moderated by belief in just world.

Practical implications
To achieve higher work engagement, organizations should increase employees’ feelings of ownership and boost just world belief.

Originality/value
The present study offers new insight on how personality trait plays a moderating role in the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement.
Efficient light‐harvesting of mesophotic corals is facilitated by coral optical traits
Authors: Kramer Netanel , Tamir Raz , Ben‐Zvi Or , Jacques Steven L. , Loya Yossi , Wangpraseurt Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Sustained light‐dependent coral reef communities can be found at a wide range of light environments, extending from the sea level to as deep as 150 m (i.e. esophotic). How mesophotic corals thrive despite extremely limited light conditions still requires further investigation.

Here, we undertook a comprehensive ecophysiological and bio‐optical study on four depth‐generalist coral species aiming to delineate the functional role that optical trait properties have in light‐harvesting, at contrasting light regimes.

We show that the optical traits of coral skeletons are adjusted to their ambient light conditions and complement the microalgal demands for sufficient light, thus exhibiting a spatially efficient photosymbiotic system.

In contrast to shallow corals, mesophotic corals absorbed up to three fold more light, resulting in excellent photosynthetic response under light conditions of only ~3% of the incident surface irradiance. The enhanced light‐harvesting capacity of mesophotic corals was achieved by redistributing light in the coral skeleton through optical scattering, thereby facilitating light transport and absorption by densely pigmented host tissue.

Our findings provide fundamental insight into the light‐harvesting mechanisms underlying the productivity of mesophotic coral reef ecosystems, yet also raise concerns regarding their ability to withstand prolonged environmental disturbances.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Elucidating the relationships between two automated handwriting feature quantification systems for multiple pairwise comparisons
Authors: Fuglsby Cami , Saunders Christopher , Ommen Danica M. , Buscaglia JoAnn , Caligiuri Michael P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecent advances in complex automated handwriting identification systems have led to a lack of understandability of these systems’ computational processes and features by the forensic handwriting examiners that they are designed to support. To mitigate this issue, this research studied the relationship between two systems: FLASH ID®, an automated handwriting/black box system that uses measurements extracted from a static image of handwriting, and MovAlyzeR®, a system that captures kinematic features from pen strokes. For this study, 33 writers each wrote 60 phrases from the London Letter using cursive writing and handprinting, which led to thousands of sample pairs for analysis. The dissimilarities between pairs of samples were calculated using two score functions (one for each system). The observed results indicate that dissimilarity scores based on kinematic spatial‐geometric pen stroke features (e.g., amplitude and slant) have a statistically significant relationship with dissimilarity scores obtained using static, graph‐based features used by the FLASH ID® system. Similar relationships were observed for temporal features (e.g., duration and velocity) but not pen pressure, and for both handprinting and cursive samples. These results strongly imply that both the current implementation of FLASH ID® and MovAlyzeR® rely on similar features sets when measuring differences in pairs of handwritten samples. These results suggest that studies of biometric discrimination using MovAlyzeR®, specifically those based on the spatial‐geometric feature set, support the validity of biometric matching algorithms based on FLASH ID® output.
Reassessing the Scottish Parliamentary Records, 1528–48: Manuscript, Print, Bureaucracy and Royal Authority*
Authors: Blakeway Amy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article for the first time correctly identifies a manuscript previously identified as an ‘official record of parliament’ as a draft of the first printed statutes of the Scottish Parliament, the Actis and Constitutionis of 1542. This discovery has a number of implications for our study of parliament in the period 1528 to 1548, encompassing the personal rule of James V and the beginning of his daughter, Mary Queen of Scots's, minority, which the original manuscript covered. Careful attention to these materials exposes a sophisticated administrative culture, characterised by reviewing and repromulgating statutes, as well as revealing the ghosts of further, now lost, records. Considering the printed text, meanwhile, suggests that parliament and the law played as important a role as history and ceremonial in the assertion of James V's kingship in the years 1540–2: indeed, this should not surprise us given that James's administrators were also his poets. While the Actis of 1542 have hitherto provoked little interest from among historians, they emerge as an important influence on the much better known publication of Scottish statutes from James I to Mary in 1567. The administrators who produced this later volume evidently saw themselves as working within the same tradition as their predecessors of 1542: an increased appreciation of the administrative expertise, careful record‐keeping, attention to the dissemination of statute and the ways in which this bolstered the power of the crown suggests that we ought to do likewise.
‘A Place To Speak One's Conscience In’: Disciplines of Debate in the Protectorate Parliaments, 1654–9
Authors: Gibson Jonathan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article is a study of the operation and culture of debate in the house of commons during the English Protectorate. Drawing principally upon the manuscript diaries of Thomas Burton and Guybon Goddard, it will explore the substantial degree of contingency and flexibility which parliamentary debate permitted within a commonly‐understood framework of disciplines. While these troublesome parliaments are commonly associated with insoluble conflict between members, it will be demonstrated that debate was conceptualised as a mechanism for resolving conflict rather than merely as a forum for expressing conflict. By first analysing the peculiar and often informal ways in which parliamentary discipline worked to identify and correct ‘disorderly’ behaviour, and then evaluating what that reveals about members’ expectations of what debate was supposed to achieve, this article will uncover an underlying parliamentary culture in which the institution of debate was highly valued as a means for reaching agreement. The tightrope between freedom and moderation of speech could be tricky to negotiate, but it was the admittedly imperfect synthesis of the two which best characterised the debates of the Protectorate Parliaments.