bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An urgent need for improving thalassemia care due to the wide gap in current real-life practice and clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Ekwattanakit Supachai , Hantaweepant Chattree , Khuhapinant Archrob , Siritanaratkul Noppadol , Viprakasit Vip 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBased on Thalassemia International Federation clinical practice guidelines (CPG) for non-transfusion dependent and transfusion dependent thalassemia, several measures should be routinely implemented such as monitoring and surveillance of thalassemia related complications for early detection and proper clinical management. To evaluate the prevalence and the performance of routine surveillance for thalassemia related complications during 2 periods; before and after published CPGs (2012–2014 vs 2015–2017), data from 524 adult thalassemia patients attended at Siriraj hospital were compared among different treating physician groups; thalassemia, private hematology, and internal medicine clinics. Three most common complications were osteopenia/osteoporosis (69.8%), gallstones (67.6%) and abnormal vitamin D level (67.6%). Iron overload has been widely evaluated (93.1%) followed by liver function test (82.3%). However, the rate of evaluation for other complications were significantly reduced and < 25% of patients were evaluated in several complications. Comparing among clinics, the surveillance rate has increased significantly for several endocrine complications only in patients treated at thalassemia clinic but not in others. This study was the first study that evaluated real-world practical management of thalassemia patient in terms of complication surveillance. This different clinical practice has called for an immediate policy change to improve and standardize a care for thalassemia patients in Thailand.
Comparative analyses of Mikania (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) plastomes and impact of data partitioning and inference methods on phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Thode Verônica A. , Oliveira Caetano T. , Loeuille Benoît , Siniscalchi Carolina M. , Pirani José R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe assembled new plastomes of 19 species ofMikaniaand ofAgeratina fastigiata,Litothamnus nitidus,andStevia collina, all belonging to tribe Eupatorieae (Asteraceae). We analyzed the structure and content of the assembled plastomes and used the newly generated sequences to infer phylogenetic relationships and study the effects of different data partitions and inference methods on the topologies. Most phylogenetic studies with plastomes ignore that processes like recombination and biparental inheritance can occur in this organelle, using the whole genome as a single locus. Our study sought to compare this approach with multispecies coalescent methods that assume that different parts of the genome evolve at different rates. We found that the overall gene content, structure, and orientation are very conserved in all plastomes of the studied species. As observed in other Asteraceae, the 22 plastomes assembled here contain two nested inversions in the LSC region. The plastomes show similar length and the same gene content. The two most variable regions withinMikaniaarerpl32-ndhFandrpl16-rps3, while the three genes with the highest percentage of variable sites areycf1,rpoA, andpsbT. We generated six phylogenetic trees using concatenated maximum likelihood and multispecies coalescent methods and three data partitions: coding and non-coding sequences and both combined. All trees strongly support that the sampledMikaniaspecies form a monophyletic group, which is further subdivided into three clades. The internal relationships within each clade are sensitive to the data partitioning and inference methods employed. The trees resulting from concatenated analysis are more similar among each other than to the correspondent tree generated with the same data partition but a different method. The multispecies coalescent analysis indicate a high level of incongruence between species and gene trees. The lack of resolution and congruence among trees can be explained by the sparse sampling (~ 0.45% of the currently accepted species) and by the low number of informative characters present in the sequences. Our study sheds light into the impact of data partitioning and methods over phylogenetic resolution and brings relevant information for the study ofMikaniadiversity and evolution, as well as for the Asteraceae family as a whole.
Integrated lipidomics and proteomics reveal cardiolipin alterations, upregulation of HADHA and long chain fatty acids in pancreatic cancer stem cells
Authors: Di Carlo Claudia , Sousa Bebiana C. , Manfredi Marcello , Brandi Jessica , Dalla Pozza Elisa , Marengo Emilio , Palmieri Marta , Dando Ilaria , Wakelam Michael J. O. , Lopez-Clavijo Andrea F. , Cecconi Daniela 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs) play a key role in the aggressiveness of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC); however, little is known about their signaling and metabolic pathways. Here we show that PCSCs have specific and common proteome and lipidome modulations. PCSCs displayed downregulation of lactate dehydrogenase A chain, and upregulation of trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha. The upregulated proteins of PCSCs are mainly involved in fatty acid (FA) elongation and biosynthesis of unsaturated FAs. Accordingly, lipidomics reveals an increase in long and very long-chain unsaturated FAs, which are products of fatty acid elongase-5 predicted as a key gene. Moreover, lipidomics showed the induction in PCSCs of molecular species of cardiolipin with mixed incorporation of 16:0, 18:1, and 18:2 acyl chains. Our data indicate a crucial role of FA elongation and alteration in cardiolipin acyl chain composition in PCSCs, representing attractive therapeutic targets in PDAC.
Interdigital concept in photonic sensors based on an array of lossy mode resonances
Authors: Dominguez Ismel , Del Villar Ignacio , Fuentes Omar , Corres Jesus M. , Matias Ignacio R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMulti-parameter detection is key in the domain of sensors. Here it is demonstrated that an indium tin oxide (ITO) nanocoating can be used to generate multiple lossy mode resonances (LMRs) in the optical spectrum. To achieve this, a nanocoating with a gradient in thickness is generated on the surface of a planar waveguide, permitting broadening of the LMR because the position of an LMR in the optical spectrum is directly related to the nanocoating thickness. The nanocoating with a gradient in thickness contributes multiple LMRs, each one centred at a different wavelength. With a further etching or deposition using a mask, a pattern of deposited and non-deposited regions can be created, resulting in isolation of the LMRs by preventing LMR overlap. This enables tracking of each central wavelength separately, which can be tuned through control of the gradient or nanocoating pattern. The array of LMR-based sensors is a photonics analogue to the interdigital concept in electronics, enabling multiple resonances to be used for multiparameter sensing.
Improving the strength and toughness of macroscale double networks by exploiting Poisson’s ratio mismatch
Authors: Okumura Tsuyoshi , Takahashi Riku , Hagita Katsumi , King Daniel R. , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe propose a new concept that utilizes the difference in Poisson's ratio between component materials as a strengthening mechanism that increases the effectiveness of the sacrificial bond toughening mechanism in macroscale double-network (Macro-DN) materials. These Macro-DN composites consist of a macroscopic skeleton imbedded within a soft elastic matrix. We varied the Poisson's ratio of the reinforcing skeleton by introducing auxetic or honeycomb functional structures that results in Poisson’s ratio mismatch between the skeleton and matrix. During uniaxial tensile experiments, high strength and toughness were achieved due to two events: (1) multiple internal bond fractures of the skeleton (like sacrificial bonds in classic DN gels) and (2) significant, biaxial deformation of the matrix imposed by the functional skeleton. The Macro-DN composite with auxetic skeleton exhibits up to 4.2 times higher stiffness and 4.4 times higher yield force than the sum of the component materials. The significant improvement in mechanical performance is correlated to the large mismatch in Poisson's ratio between component materials, and the enhancement is especially noticeable in the low-stretch regime. The strengthening mechanism reported here based on Poisson's ratio mismatch can be widely used for soft materials regardless of chemical composition and will improve the mechanical properties of elastomer and hydrogel systems.
High prevalence of symptoms among Brazilian subjects with antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Menezes Ana M. B. , Victora Cesar G. , Hartwig Fernando P. , Silveira Mariângela F. , Horta Bernardo L. , Barros Aluísio J. D. , Mesenburg Marilia A. , Wehrmeister Fernando C. , Pellanda Lúcia C. , Dellagostin Odir A. , Struchiner Cláudio J. , Burattini Marcelo N. , Barros Fernando C. , Hallal Pedro C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSince the beginning of the pandemic of COVID-19, there has been a widespread assumption that most infected persons are asymptomatic. Using data from the recent wave of the EPICOVID19 study, a nationwide household-based survey including 133 cities from all states of Brazil, we estimated the proportion of people with and without antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 who were asymptomatic, which symptoms were most frequently reported, number of symptoms and the association with socio-demographic characteristics. We tested 33,205 subjects using a rapid antibody test previously validated. Information was collected before participants received the test result. Out of 849 (2.7%) participants positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, only 12.1% (95% CI 10.1–14.5) reported no symptoms, compared to 42.2% (95% CI 41.7–42.8) among those negative. The largest difference between the two groups was observed for changes in smell/taste (56.5% versus 9.1%, a 6.2-fold difference). Changes in smell/taste, fever and body aches were most likely to predict positive tests as suggested by recursive partitioning tree analysis. Among individuals without any of these three symptoms, only 0.8% tested positive, compared to 18.3% of those with both fever and changes in smell or taste. Most subjects with antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are symptomatic, even though most present only mild symptoms.
A flow cytometry approach reveals heterogeneity in conventional subsets of murine renal mononuclear phagocytes
Authors: Nordlohne Johannes , Hulsmann Ilona , Schwafertz Svenja , Zgrajek Jasmin , Grundmann Manuel , von Vietinghoff Sibylle , Eitner Frank , Becker Michael S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) participate in inflammation and repair after kidney injury, reflecting their complex nature. Dissection into refined functional subunits has been challenging and would benefit understanding of renal pathologies. Flow cytometric approaches are limited to classifications of either different MNP subsets or functional state. We sought to combine these two dimensions in one protocol that considers functional heterogeneity in each MNP subset. We identified five distinct renal MNP subsets based on a previously described strategy. In vitro polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) into M1- and M2-like cells suggested functional distinction of CD86 + MHCII + CD206- and CD206 + cells. Combination of both distinction methods identified CD86 + MHCII + CD206- and CD206 + cells in all five MNP subsets, revealing their heterologous nature. Our approach revealed that MNP composition and their functional segmentation varied between different mouse models of kidney injury and, moreover, was dynamically regulated in a time-dependent manner. CD206 + cells from three analyzed MNP subsets had a higher ex vivo phagocytic capacity than CD86 + MHCII + CD206- counterparts, indicating functional uniqueness of each subset. In conclusion, our novel flow cytometric approach refines insights into renal MNP heterogeneity and therefore could benefit mechanistic understanding of renal pathology.
Using a Digital Neuro Signature to measure longitudinal individual-level change in Alzheimer’s disease: the Altoida large cohort study
Authors: Meier Irene B. , Buegler Max , Harms Robbert , Seixas Azizi , Çöltekin Arzu , Tarnanas Ioannis 
Published: June 2021

AbstractConventional neuropsychological assessments for Alzheimer’s disease are burdensome and inaccurate at detecting mild cognitive impairment and predicting Alzheimer’s disease risk. Altoida’s Digital Neuro Signature (DNS), a longitudinal cognitive test consisting of two active digital biomarker metrics, alleviates these limitations. By comparison to conventional neuropsychological assessments, DNS results in faster evaluations (10 min vs 45–120 min), and generates higher test-retest in intraindividual assessment, as well as higher accuracy at detecting abnormal cognition. This study comparatively evaluates the performance of Altoida’s DNS and conventional neuropsychological assessments in intraindividual assessments of cognition and function by means of two semi-naturalistic observational experiments with 525 participants in laboratory and clinical settings. The results show that DNS is consistently more sensitive than conventional neuropsychological assessments at capturing longitudinal individual-level change, both with respect to intraindividual variability and dispersion (intraindividual variability across multiple tests), across three participant groups: healthy controls, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease. Dispersion differences between DNS and conventional neuropsychological assessments were more pronounced with more advanced disease stages, and DNS-intraindividual variability was able to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease. These findings are instrumental for patient monitoring and management, remote clinical trial assessment, and timely interventions, and will hopefully contribute to a better understanding of Alzheimer’s disease.
Muskrats as a bellwether of a drying delta
Authors: Ward Ellen M. , Solari Katherine A. , Varudkar Amruta , Gorelick Steven M. , Hadly Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWetlands worldwide are under threat from anthropogenic impacts. In large protected North American areas such as Yellowstone and Wood Buffalo National Parks, aquatic habitats are disappearing and wetland-dependent fauna are in decline1–3. Here we investigate population dynamics of an indicator species in Canada’s Peace-Athabasca Delta (“the delta”), a World Heritage Site. Based on population surveys, habitat mapping and genetic data from 288 muskrats, we use agent-based modeling and genetic analyses to explain population expansion and decline of the semi-aquatic muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus). Simulations quantify a large population (~500,000 individuals) following flood-induced habitat gains, with decreased size (~10,000 individuals) during drying. Genetic analyses show extremely low long-term effective population size (Ne: 60–127), supporting a legacy of population bottlenecks. Our simulations indicate that the muskrat population in the delta is a metapopulation with individuals migrating preferentially along riparian pathways. Related individuals found over 40 km apart imply dispersal distances far greater than their typical home range (130 m). Rapid metapopulation recovery is achieved via riparian corridor migration and passive flood-transport of individuals. Source-sink dynamics show wetland loss impacts on the muskrat metapopulation’s spatial extent. Dramatic landscape change is underway, devastating local fauna, including this generalist species even in a protected ecosystem.
Development of an arteriolar niche and self-renewal of breast cancer stem cells by lysophosphatidic acid/protein kinase D signaling
Authors: Jiang Yinan , Guo Yichen , Hao Jinjin , Guenter Rachael , Lathia Justin , Beck Adam W. , Hattaway Reagan , Hurst Douglas , Wang Qiming Jane , Liu Yehe , Cao Qi , Krontiras Helen , Chen Herbert , Silverstein Roy , Ren Bin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBreast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are essential for cancer growth, metastasis and recurrence. The regulatory mechanisms of BCSC interactions with the vascular niche within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their self-renewal are currently under extensive investigation. We have demonstrated the existence of an arteriolar niche in the TME of human BC tissues. Intriguingly, BCSCs tend to be enriched within the arteriolar niche in human estrogen receptor positive (ER+) BC and bi-directionally interact with arteriolar endothelial cells (ECs). Mechanistically, this interaction is driven by the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)/protein kinase D (PKD-1) signaling pathway, which promotes both arteriolar differentiation of ECs and self-renewal of CSCs likely via differential regulation of CD36 transcription. This study indicates that CSCs may enjoy blood perfusion to maintain their stemness features. Targeting the LPA/PKD-1 -CD36 signaling pathway may have therapeutic potential to curb tumor progression by disrupting the arteriolar niche and effectively eliminating CSCs.
Androgen receptor variant shows heterogeneous expression in prostate cancer according to differentiation stage
Authors: Gjyrezi Ada , Galletti Giuseppe , Zhang Jiaren , Worroll Daniel , Sigouros Michael , Kim Seaho , Cooley Victoria , Ballman Karla V. , Ocean Allyson J. , Shah Manish A. , Scandura Joseph M. , Sboner Andrea , Nanus David M. , Beltran Himisha , Tagawa Scott , Giannakakou Paraskevi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractQuantitation of androgen receptor variant (AR-V) expression in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has great potential for treatment customization. However, the absence of a uniform CTC isolation platform and consensus on an analytical assay has prevented the incorporation of these measurements in routine clinical practice. Here, we present a single-CTC sensitive digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) assay for the quantitation of the two most common AR-Vs, AR-V7, and AR-v567es, using antigen agnostic CTC enrichment. In a cohort of 29 mCRPC patients, we identify AR-V7 in 66% and AR-v567es in 52% of patients. These results are corroborated using another gene expression platform (NanoStringTM) and by analysis of RNA-Seq data from patients with mCRPC (SU2C- PCF Dream Team). We next quantify AR-V expression in matching EpCAM-positive vs EpCAM-negative CTCs, as EpCAM-based CTC enrichment is commonly used. We identify lower AR-V prevalence in the EpCAM-positive fraction, suggesting that EpCAM-based CTC enrichment likely underestimates AR-V prevalence. Lastly, using single CTC analysis we identify enrichment for AR-v567es in patients with neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) indicating that AR-v567es may be involved in lineage plasticity, which warrants further mechanistic interrogation.
Remarkably enhanced ion-exchange capacity of H2O2-intercalated layered titanate
Authors: Wang Xing , Wei Wei , Hu Jiaqiao , Li Sen , Wang Yong , Yin Lixiong , Kong Xingang , Feng Qi 
Published: June 2021

The remarkable enhanced ion-exchange capacity of H2O2-intercalated H1.07Ti1.73O4 is due to the increased negative charge density of the TiO6 octahedral layer and the number of ion-exchangeable H+.
The mechanism behind the photochromism and photomagnetism of type II biindenylidenediones: multiconfigurational, perturbative and density functional theory studies
Authors: Castro Pedro J. , Reguero Mar 
Published: June 2021

MCSCF, MRPT2 and MRCI were used to study the electronic states of a single molecule, and DFT for a periodic crystal system. δ-hydrogen abstraction leads to products where high spin–orbit coupling favors the ISC and explain the experimental phenomena.
3D printed submicron patterns orchestrate the response of macrophages
Authors: Nouri-Goushki M. , Isaakidou A. , Eijkel B. I. M. , Minneboo M. , Liu Q. , Boukany P. E. , Mirzaali M. J. , Fratila-Apachitei L. E. , Zadpoor A. A. 
Published: June 2021

The surface topography of implants can regulate the phenotypic polarization of macrophage. Using 2PP technique, we fabricated series of submicron pillars with controlled topological features and analyzed their roles on the macrophage polarization.
CQPPS: A scalable multi‐path switch fabric without back pressure
Authors: Pan Boyan , Zhou Qingqing , Chen Guo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGenerally, in order to guarantee a good throughput and decrease the complexity of reassembling, the majority of current commodity routers take elaborate closed‐loop flow control schemes such as back pressure to prevent cell loss in the switch fabrics. As commodity router's port number grows larger and link rate becomes faster, the huge I/O pins and memory consumption makes these closed‐loop flow controls very difficult to implement engineeringly. This paper approaches the problem of building ultra‐large‐capacity router from a different angle. Crosspoint‐queued‐based Parallel Packet Switch (CQPPS), a highly scalable switch architecture with no need of any closed‐loop flow control schemes, is proposed. And the authors propose the Padded Frame plus Round‐Robin scheduling scheme for CQPPS architecture. By allowing potential cell loss in the switch fabrics and slightly higher light‐load delay, CQPPS achieves loss rate orders of magnitudes lower than back pressure schemes, and high‐load delay 10 times less than back pressure schemes. It also greatly reduces the complexity of engineering implementation.
Analysis of instability causes in the bi‐dc converter and enhancing its performance by improving the damping in the IDA‐PBC control
Authors: Lin Gang , Liu Jiayan , Rehtanz Christian , Li Yong , Zuo Wei , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe poor damping of bidirectional dc (bi‐dc) converter caused by constant power load makes power system prone to oscillation, and non‐minimum phase characteristic also jeopardises voltage stability. To solve these challenges, the interconnection and damping assignment passivity‐based control (IDA‐PBC) is utilised to improve transient response. The influences of the right‐half‐plane (RHP) zero on the stability margin and controller design are illustrated by zero dynamics analysis. Then the port‐controlled Hamiltonian modelling is used to obtain the IDA‐PBC control law, which is suitable to the bi‐dc converter and independent of the operation mode. The system dissipation property is modified, and thus the desired damping is injected to smooth the transient voltage. To remove the voltage error caused by RHP zero and adjust the damping ratio, an energy controller with an adjustment factor is introduced. Besides, a virtual circuit is established to explain the physical meaning of the control parameter, and the parameter design method is given. Passivity analysis assesses the controller performance. Simulation results are analysed and compared with other control strategies to test the proposed IDA‐PBC strategy.