bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of a sacroiliac joint belt on function and pain using the active straight leg raise in pregnancy‐related pelvic girdle pain
Authors: Fitzgerald Colleen M. , Bennis Stacey , Marcotte Marissa L. , Shannon Megan B. , Iqbal Sana , Adams William H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionPelvic girdle pain (PGP) is the most common musculoskeletal concern in pregnancy. The Active Straight Leg Raise (ASLR) test is diagnostic. Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) belts are included in multimodal therapy, but there is no established predictive measure to determine which pregnant women will benefit.ObjectiveTo determine if the ASLR score is immediately reduced by SIJ belt application and whether PGP pain and function improves after 4 weeks of belt use.DesignProspective observational cohort study.SettingAcademic medical center.ParticipantsPregnant women at least 18 years of age in the second or third trimester of pregnancy with posterior PGP and ASLR score of 2 to 10.InterventionsFour‐week SIJ belt use.Main Outcome MeasuresASLR, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ), Perceived Global Impression of Improvement (PGII).ResultsSixty‐three women enrolled. On multivariable analysis, immediate belted ASLR score was −2.70 points lower than the non‐belted ASLR score (P < .001). Four weeks later there was significant improvement in the ASLR score with a belt (Mdiff = −0.99; P = .001) and without a belt (Mdiff = −1.94; P < .001); the decline was more precipitous for the non‐belted response (Mdiff = −0.96; P = .02). Current NRS pain scores declined from baseline by approximately −0.94 points (P < .001). This decline did not depend on ASLR scores (interaction P = .43) or wearing a belt at the time of testing (interaction P = .51). Similar conclusions held for participants' usual NRS score and average PGQ score. After 4 weeks, 82% reported improvement based on the PGII.ConclusionsSIJ belts are a safe, well‐tolerated, and effective therapeutic option for pregnancy‐related PGP. The ASLR score is immediately reduced following SIJ belt application but does not predict pain score 4 weeks later. SIJ belt leads to significant improvements in pain and function over time.
Cerebral and splanchnic oxygenation during automated control of inspired oxygen (FiO2) in preterm infants
Authors: Dani Carlo , Pratesi Simone , Luzzati Michele , Petrolini Chiara , Montano Simona , Remaschi Giulia , Coviello Caterina 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesOur aim in this study was to assess the effect of the Predictive Intelligent Control of Oxygenation (PRICO®) system on cerebral (rSO2C) and splanchnic (rSO2S) oxygenation in a cohort of preterm infants with frequent desaturations.MethodsTwenty infants with gestational age <32 weeks (n = 20) were assigned in random sequence to 12 h of automated or manual adjustment of FiO2. Over this period, they were studied continuously by near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).ResultsWe found that rSO2C [68.0% (60.5%–74.7%) vs. 68.5% (62%–72%); p = .824] and rSO2S [27.0% (17.3%–45.7%) vs. 27.0% (15%–53%); p = .878] were similar during automatic and manual control of FiO2. Time spent with SpO2 90%–95% was higher during the automatic than manual control of FiO2, while time spent with SpO2 <80% or >95% was lower.ConclusionsAutomated control of FiO2 with PRICO® system did not improve brain and splanchnic oxygenation in comparison with manual control in a cohort of preterm infants, but it significantly decreased SpO2 fluctuations and limited the duration of both hypoxemia and hyperoxemia.
Ultrasound performed shortly after birth can predict the respiratory support needs of late preterm and term infants: A diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Xi Guannan , Dai Jiale , Wang Xuefeng , Luo Fei , Lu Chengqiu , Yang Yun , Wang Jimei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLate preterm and term infants may develop respiratory issues with severe outcomes. Early identification of these diseases shortly after infants' birth can improve their management. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has been used to diagnose neonatal respiratory diseases. However, few LUS methods have been reported to predict the need for respiratory support, the basis of infant respiratory diseases management.MethodsWe conducted a prospective diagnostic accuracy study following the Standards for the Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies guidelines at a tertiary academic hospital between 2019 and 2020. A total of 310 late preterm and term infants with mild respiratory symptoms were enrolled. The LUS assessment was performed for each participant at one of the following times: 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 4.0 h after birth. Predictive reliability was tested by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The main outcome was the need for any respiratory support determined according to international guidelines.ResultsSeventy‐four infants needed respiratory support, and 236 were healthy according to a 3‐day follow‐up confirmation. Six LUS imaging patterns were found. Two “high‐risk” patterns were strongly correlated with respiratory support needs (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–0.98, p < .001). The optimal cut‐off value for “high‐risk” patterns was 2 (sensitivity = 87.8% and specificity = 91.1%). The predictive value of LUS was greater than that of a symptom‐based method (the Acute Care of at‐Risk Newborns assessment score) (AUCs' p < .01).ConclusionsLUS can be used to predict the need for respiratory support in late preterm and term infants and is more reliable than tools based on respiratory symptoms.
CCN5 activation by free or encapsulated EGCG is required to render triple‐negative breast cancer cell viability and tumor progression
Authors: Das Amlan , Haque Inamul , Ray Priyanka , Ghosh Arnab , Dutta Debasmita , Quadir Mohiuddin , De Archana , Gunewardena Sumedha , Chatterjee Indranil , Banerjee Snigdha , Weir Scott , Banerjee Sushanta K. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEpigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) has been considered an anticancer agent despite conflicting and discrepant bioavailability views. EGCG impairs the viability and self‐renewal capacity of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and makes them sensitive to estrogen via activating ER‐α. Surprisingly, the mechanism of EGCG’s action on TNBC cells remains unclear. CCN5/WISP‐2 is a gatekeeper gene that regulates viability, ER‐α, and stemness in TNBC and other types of cancers. This study aimed to investigate whether EGCG (free or encapsulated in nanoparticles) interacts with the CCN5 protein by emphasizing its bioavailability and enhancing its anticancer effect. We demonstrate that EGCG activates CCN5 to inhibit in vitro cell viability through apoptosis, the sphere‐forming ability via reversing TNBC cells’ stemness, and suppressing tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, we found EGCG‐loaded nanoparticles to be functionally more active and superior in their tumor‐suppressing ability than free‐EGCG. Together, these studies identify EGCG (free or encapsulated) as a novel activator of CCN5 in TNBC cells and hold promise as a future therapeutic option for TNBC with upregulated CCN5 expression.
Unraveling the complexity of therapeutic drug monitoring for monoclonal antibody therapies to individualize dose in oncology
Authors: Chatelut Etienne , Hendrikx Jeroen J. M. A. , Martin Jennifer , Ciccolini Joseph , Moes Dirk Jan A. R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (Mabs) have become key drugs in cancer treatment, either as targeted therapies or more recently as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The fact that only some patients benefit from these drugs poses the usual question in the field of onco‐hematology: that of the benefit of individual dosing and the potential of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to carry out this individualization. However, Mabs present unique pharmacological characteristics for TDM, and the pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic relationship observed should be interpreted differently than that observed for conventional drugs and small molecules. This pharmacology practice review has been summarized from a public debate between the authors at the International TDM and Clinical Toxicology meeting in Banff, 2020, regarding the potential roles of TDM in the Mab/ICI setting.
The effect of trehalose, antioxidants, and acetate buffer concentration on oxytocin stability
Authors: Ghasemisarabbadieh Mostafa , Gizurarson Sveinbjörn , Sveinbjörnsson Benjamín Ragnar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOxytocin is a cyclic nonapeptide used to induce labor and prevent bleeding after childbirth. Due to its instability, storage and transport of oxytocin formulations can be problematic in hot/tropical climates. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of trehalose and select antioxidants (uric acid, butylated hydroxytoluene, and l‐ascorbic acid) on oxytocin stability in solution. The effect of buffer composition and acetate buffer concentration was also studied. Acetate buffer was found to work better than citrate/phosphate buffer for the oxytocin stability. Lower acetate buffer concentrations (0.025 M or less) were also found to yield improved oxytocin stability compared to higher concentrations. Although known degradation pathways of oxytocin include oxidation, the antioxidants uric acid and butylated hydroxytoluene had negligible effect on the oxytocin stability while l‐ascorbic acid led to significantly faster degradation. Despite trehalose's reputation as a great stabilizer for biomolecules, it also had small to negligible effect on oxytocin stability at concentrations up to 1 M in acetate buffer. These results were surprising given the present literature on trehalose as a stabilizer for various biomolecules, including proteins and lipids.
Visible Light Mediated, Photocatalyst‐Free Condensation of Barbituric Acid with Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Kumari Savita , Kumar Maury Suresh , Kumar Singh Himanshu , Kamal Arsala , Kumar Dhirendra , Singh Sundaram , Srivastava Vandana 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn economical and efficient method has been developed for the production of dibarbiturates of oxindole and arylidene barbituric acid derivatives via condensation of of isatin/aryl aldehyde with barbituric acid, through irradiation of visible light. Under the similar conditions 2 molecules of barbituric acid react with 1 molecule of isatin while only 1 molecule of barbituric acid reacts with 1 molecule of aldehyde. This transformation involves catalyst free pathway for the formation of desired products under mild reaction conditions. Metal free reaction conditions, high yield of products along with the absence of side‐products are additional green features of this protocol.
Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Ruthenium‐p‐cymene Complexes with 2‐Methylquinolin‐8‐ol Derivatives
Authors: Nain‐Perez Amalyn , Barbosa Luiz C. A. , Araujo Maria H. , Martins João P. A. , Takahashi Jacqueline A. , Oliveira Geane , Diniz Renata , Heller Lucie , Hoenke Sophie , Csuk René 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEight 5‐aryl‐2‐methylquinolin‐8‐ol ligands (2–9) were prepared by a cross‐coupling Suzuki reaction from precursors brominated at position 5 (10), and positions 5 and 7 (11). These ligands were converted into new ruthenium(II)‐p‐cymene complexes (12–22) (51–94 %). The cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of all compounds were investigated. Ligands showed higher cytotoxicity (EC50=3.1–4.8 μM) than ruthenium complexes (EC50=5.2–7.8 μM) against human melanoma cancer cells (A375). The most potent compound 7 has been shown to act via apoptosis. Some compounds were more potent as anticancer than cisplatin. Several ruthenium complexes selectively inhibited S. typhimurium and S. aureus (IC50=4.64–146.15 and 9.37–125.95 μg/mL, respectively), while most ligands were potent against C. albicans. Molecular docking studies with a protein from S. aureus suggest four key amino acids interactions, in agreement with the inhibitory potential against this bacterium.
Chemically tailored molecular surface modifiers for efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Liu Yuhang , Dong Bitao , Hagfeldt Anders , Luo Jingshan , Graetzel Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted intense attention based on their high power conversion efficiency and low production cost. However, due to the polycrystalline nature and the intrinsic hydrophilicity of the metal halide perovskite moieties, the photovoltaic performance of PSCs is largely limited by defects within the polycrystalline perovskites and the sensitivity to moisture. In this perspective, we focus on the chemically tailored interface materials to passivate the defects and improve the moisture stability of PSCs. First, we provide a brief overview of various molecular interface modifiers. Thereafter we provide examples from our recent work on organic ammonium halide‐based passivation materials as representatives to illustrate the design strategies and the modification effects. In the end, we shed light on the future development of organic ammonium halides for applications in PSCs.
Öffentliche Gesundheitsdienste in der COVID-19-Pandemie: Strategien und Praktiken in ausgewählten europäischen Nachbarländern
Authors: Gerlinger Thomas , Schmidt Phillip Florian , Lückenbach Caspar 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Herausforderungen der COVID-19-Pandemie stoßen in europäischen Gesundheitssystemen auf unterschiedliche institutionelle Strukturen und Handlungstraditionen. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich am Beispiel der öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienste (ÖGD) Schwedens, Frankreichs und Österreichs mit der Frage nach den Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden bei den Maßnahmen zur Pandemiebekämpfung (Stand: November 2020).Österreich ist das unter den Vergleichsländern am wenigsten, Frankreich das am stärksten von der Pandemie betroffene Land. In allen analysierten Gesundheitssystemen existiert ein Spannungsverhältnis zwischen nationalstaatlichen und regionalen Zuständigkeiten. Frankreichs Gesundheitssystem ist besonders zentralistisch ausgerichtet, das schwedische stark regional und kommunal organisiert. Die Regierungen in den Nationalstaaten sind bestrebt, von Parlamentsentscheidungen unabhängige Kompetenzen zur Pandemieeindämmung zu erhalten. Schweden unterscheidet sich bei der Pandemieeindämmung von Österreich und Frankreich durch eine vornehmlich auf Empfehlung und Appelle statt auf Ge- und Verbote stützende Strategie. Dabei ähneln sich die Handlungssequenzen im Pandemieverlauf und, abgesehen von Schweden, auch die zur Pandemieeindämmung eingesetzten Instrumente. Der Verlauf und die getroffenen Maßnahmen in Österreich und Frankreich zeigen deutliche Parallelen zu denen in Deutschland. Der Schutz besonders vulnerabler Gruppen ist in allen Ländern nur unzureichend gelungen und bleibt eine beständige Herausforderung.
Meiotic regulation of the Ndc80 complex composition and function
Authors: Chen Jingxun , Ünal Elçin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis review describes the current models for how the subunit abundance of the Ndc80 complex, a key kinetochore component, is regulated in budding yeast and metazoan meiosis. The past decades of kinetochore research have established the Ndc80 complex to be a key microtubule interactor and a central hub for regulating chromosome segregation. Recent studies further demonstrate that Ndc80 is the limiting kinetochore subunit that dictates the timing of kinetochore activation in budding yeast meiosis. Here, we discuss the molecular circuits that regulate Ndc80 protein synthesis and degradation in budding yeast meiosis and compare the findings with those from metazoans. We envision the regulatory principles discovered in budding yeast to be conserved in metazoans, thereby providing guidance into future investigations on kinetochore regulation in human health and disease.
Does a central limit theorem hold for the k-skeleton of Poisson hyperplanes in hyperbolic space?
Authors: Herold Felix , Hug Daniel , Thäle Christoph 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPoisson processes in the space of$$(d-1)$$(d-1)-dimensional totally geodesic subspaces (hyperplanes) in ad-dimensional hyperbolic space of constant curvature$$-1$$-1are studied. Thek-dimensional Hausdorff measure of theirk-skeleton is considered. Explicit formulas for first- and second-order quantities restricted to bounded observation windows are obtained. The central limit problem for thek-dimensional Hausdorff measure of thek-skeleton is approached in two different set-ups: (i) for a fixed window and growing intensities, and (ii) for fixed intensity and growing spherical windows. While in case (i) the central limit theorem is valid for all$$d\ge 2$$d≥2, it is shown that in case (ii) the central limit theorem holds for$$d\in \{2,3\}$$d∈{2,3}and fails if$$d\ge 4$$d≥4and$$k=d-1$$k=d-1or if$$d\ge 7$$d≥7and for generalk. Also rates of convergence are studied and multivariate central limit theorems are obtained. Moreover, the situation in which the intensity and the spherical window are growing simultaneously is discussed. In the background are the Malliavin–Stein method for normal approximation and the combinatorial moment structure of Poisson U-statistics as well as tools from hyperbolic integral geometry.
Shrimp closed-loop supply chain network design
Authors: Mosallanezhad Behzad , Hajiaghaei-Keshteli Mostafa , Triki Chefi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent developments in food industries have attracted both academic and industrial practitioners. Shrimp as a well-known, rich, and sought-after seafood, is generally obtained from either marine environments or aquaculture. Central prominence of Shrimp Supply Chain (SSC) is brought about by numerous factors such as high demand, market price, and diverse fisheries or aquaculture locations. In this respect, this paper considers SSC as a set of distribution centers, wholesalers, shrimp processing factories, markets, shrimp waste powder factory, and shrimp waste powder market. Subsequently, a mathematical model is proposed for the SSC, whose aim is to minimize the total cost through the supply chain. The SSC model is NP-hardand is not able to solve large-size problems. Therefore, three well-known metaheuristics accompanied by two hybrid ones are exerted. Moreover, a real-world application with 15 test problems are established to validate the model. Finally, the results confirm that the SSC model and the solution methods are effective and useful to achieve cost savings.
Effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on pulse wave velocity and monocyte-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio in familial hypercholesterolemia subjects: results from a single-lipid-unit real-life setting
Authors: Scicali Roberto , Di Pino Antonino , Ferrara Viviana , Rabuazzo Agata Maria , Purrello Francesco , Piro Salvatore 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aims
Subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are characterized by an increased amount of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that promotes a continuous inflammatory stimulus. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of PCSK9-i on inflammatory biomarkers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR), and on early atherosclerosis damage analyzed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) in a cohort of FH subjects.

Methods
In this prospective observational study, we evaluated 56 FH subjects on high-intensity statins plus ezetimibe and with an off-target LDL-C. All subjects were placed on PCSK9-i therapy and obtained biochemical analysis as well as PWV evaluation at baseline and after six months of PCSK9-i therapy.

Results
After six months of add-on PCSK9-i therapy, only 42.9% of FH subjects attained LDL-C targets. As expected, a significant reduction of LDL-C (− 49.61%, p < 0.001) was observed after PCSK9-i therapy. Neutrophil count (NC) and MHR were reduced by PCSK9-i (-13.82% and -10.47%, respectively, p value for both < 0.05) and PWV significantly decreased after PCSK9-i therapy (− 20.4%, p < 0.05). Finally, simple regression analyses showed that ∆ PWV was significantly associated with ∆ LDL-C (p < 0.01), ∆ NC and ∆ MHR (p value for both < 0.05).

Conclusions
In conclusion, PCSK9-i therapy significantly improved lipid and inflammatory profiles and PWV values in FH subjects; our results support the positive effect of PCSK9-i in clinical practice.
Geographic distribution and genetic characterization of poxviruses from human infections in Georgia, 2009–2014
Authors: Khmaladze Ekaterine , Mauldin Matthew R. , Tsaguria Davit , Gavashelidze Mari , Sidamonidze Ketevan , Tevdoradze Tea , Li Yu , Reynolds Mary G. , Imnadze Paata , Nakazawa Yoshinori 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAnthrax is endemic in Georgia, as are multiple zoonotic poxviruses. Poxvirus-associated infections share some clinical manifestations and exposure risks with anthrax, and so it is important to distinguish between the two. With this in mind, an archived collection of anthrax-negative DNA samples was retrospectively screened for poxviruses, and of the 148 human samples tested, 64 were positive. Sequence analysis confirmed the presence of orf virus, bovine papular stomatitis virus, and pseudocowpox virus. This study provides evidence of previously unrecognized poxvirus infections in Georgia and highlights the benefit of the timely identification of such infections by improving laboratory capacity.
On the scaling of fragmentation and energy dissipation in collisions of dust aggregates
Authors: Umstätter Philipp , Urbassek Herbert M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fragmentation of granular clusters may be studied by experiments and by granular mechanics simulation. When comparing results, it is often assumed that results can be compared when scaled to the same value of $$E/E_{\mathrm{sep}}$$

E
/

E
sep

, where E denotes the collision energy and $$E_{\mathrm{sep}}$$

E
sep

is the energy needed to break every contact in the granular clusters. The ratio $$E/E_{\mathrm{sep}}\propto v^2$$

E
/

E
sep

∝

v
2

depends on the collision velocity v but not on the number of grains per cluster, N. We test this hypothesis using granular-mechanics simulations on silica clusters containing a few thousand grains in the velocity range where fragmentation starts. We find that a good parameter to compare different systems is given by $$E/(N^{\alpha }E_{\mathrm{sep}})$$

E
/
(

N
α

E
sep

)

, where $$\alpha \sim 2/3$$

α
∼
2
/
3

. The occurrence of the extra factor $$N^{\alpha }$$

N
α

is caused by energy dissipation during the collision such that large clusters request a higher impact energy for reaching the same level of fragmentation than small clusters. Energy is dissipated during the collision mainly by normal and tangential (sliding) forces between grains. For large values of the viscoelastic friction parameter, we find smaller cluster fragmentation, since fragment velocities are smaller and allow for fragment recombination.

Graphic abstract