bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irrigation management information system model with integrated elements of artificial intelligence
Authors: Borodychev V V , Lytov M N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The research is devoted to the development of new, self-adapting irrigation management systems allowing the control decisions reliability increasing based on the consideration of the terrain natural features in the service area. A model of irrigation management with integrated elements of artificial intelligence is proposed, which can significantly increase the forecast accuracy for the total water consumption of agricultural crops and the expected dates of irrigation. A distinctive feature of the proposed model is the use of an artificial intelligence segment to adapt the parameters of the total water bioclimatic model consumption to the conditions of a real area. The model assumes that adaptation occurs automatically through self-learning of a neural network integrated into the system. To train a neural network it is proposed to use hybrid information systems based on the combined use of sensor and computational methods of irrigation control. Such “double” systems can be implemented on test fields and adapted to the area decisions can already be extended to neighboring or similar areas.
Photovoltaic panels operating modes modeling to improve operation efficiency of power supply autonomous system of Volgograd State Agricultural University
Authors: Nekhoroshev D D , Melikov A V , Rudenko A Yu , Panchishkin A P , Aksenov M P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper considers the possibility of solar panels implementing on the territory of the Volgograd region and the Volgograd city. The structure and characteristics of equipment for generating electricity are considered in the article. Equipment for receiving, storing and transferring energy to the consumer has been proposed. Research has been carried out to determine the photovoltaic panels’ operation efficiency, taking into account many factors, such as the solar energy change during the year/day, the daylight hours length, the solar energy amount, etc. The positive research results were obtained after the experiment.
Development of short-range nozzle model for sprinkler machines
Authors: Motorin V A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The issue of land reclamation modern technologies and technical means development is considered in the article, in particular, the improvement of the structures of sprinkle-forming devices in order to increase their use efficiency, which is a priority direction of scientific and applied research. A short-range deflector nozzle of one-piece design sector action was developed, it includes a replaceable jet nozzle, due to which the pressure at the outlet increases, thereby creating a greater vacuum and better dispersion of the water-air mixture. The jet, upon reaching the vertical splitter of the flow part, is divided into two equal flows, the upper one - passes by the vertical part of the spreader and directed to the deflector central part, and the lower one, in turn, is divided into two more flows by the vertical part of the spreader and directed to the deflector edges. This technical solution allows to improve manufacturability and reduce the product cost, as well as to increase the uniformity of the spray, the range of sprinkle drops flow and the sprinkle gripping area, which provides fine-drop sprinkling, the average diameter of the drops is 0.5 … 0.7 mm, sprinkle drops from deflector nozzles flow range is 4 … 6 m/s. With such sprinkle, the energy impact on the soil and agricultural plants decreases, the bulk density in the upper soil layer and the mass of the sprayed soil decrease, which leads to the increase in crop yields by 6.0-20.0%.
Justification of some design and mode parameters of a multi-section climate chamber for growing plants
Authors: Lebed N I , Makarov A M , Kalinin Y V , Volkov I V , Sharonov N G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the research was to develop a design of a multi-section climate chamber, to justify the structure of the control system and simulate the heat balance with the use of the device proposed. To ensure the declared capability of the climate chamber, a structural diagram of the control system was developed, which takes into account the following capability list in the controlled volume: ozone concentration control, control of the air recirculation rate, air temperature control, indirect analysis of the temperature distribution, control of the illumination and illumination spectrum, possible secure remote on-line monitoring and control of the system via mobile applications, possible storage of a large set of climatic and regulatory parameters for up to 5 years with the sampling rate of no more than 5 minutes. A mathematical model of the heat balance has been developed, which allows to determine important parameters for a climate chamber consisting of several interacting sections, such as the total power of the heat radiation required and the necessary heat consumption to develop and maintain the plant activity under preset specific conditions.
Intelligent system for agricultural crops defective areas monitoring and visualization based on spectral analysis of satellite high-resolution images
Authors: Tokarev K E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the aspects of designing and software implementation of an intelligent system for monitoring and visualizing defective areas of agricultural crops based on the spectral analysis of high-resolution satellite images. The structure of the designed intelligent system, modules and procedures used in its software implementation, as well as a UML-diagram of user interaction with the components of the software system are presented.
Recent advancements in the bioprinting of vascular grafts
Authors: Fazal Faraz , Raghav Sakshika , Callanan Anthony , Koutsos Vasileios , Radacsi Norbert 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Recent advancements in the bioinks and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting methods used to fabricate vascular constructs are summarized herein. Critical biomechanical properties required to fabricate an ideal vascular graft are highlighted, as well as various testing methods have been outlined to evaluate the bio-fabricated grafts as per the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) guidelines. Occlusive artery disease and cardiovascular disease are the major causes of death globally. These diseases are caused by the blockage in the arteries, which results in a decreased blood flow to the tissues of major organs in the body, such as the heart. Bypass surgery is often performed using a vascular graft to re-route the blood flow. Autologous grafts represent a gold standard for such bypass surgeries; however, these grafts may be unavailable due to the previous harvesting or possess a poor quality. Synthetic grafts serve well for medium to large-sized vessels, but they fail when used to replace small-diameter vessels, generally smaller than 6 mm. Various tissue engineering approaches have been used to address the urgent need for vascular graft that can withstand hemodynamic blood pressure and has the ability to grow and remodel. Among these approaches, 3D bioprinting offers an attractive solution to construct patient-specific vessel grafts with layered biomimetic structures.
Sensitivity of woven textile sandwich panel faces to Charpy impact properties
Authors: Alshahrani Hassan A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research work is motivated by the increased demand for high impact strength and light-weight materials for many industrial applications, including aerospace and automobiles. Impact properties of 5-harness satin-weave carbon/cyanate ester polymeric prepreg sandwich structures has not been addressed adequately, though it is ideal for many space applications subjected to high temperatures. The impact behaviour of textile sandwich panels and their damage resistance were investigated experimentally using the Charpy test under high impact energy. This includes the sample orientations and its tested face to the impact direction. The results indicated that the sample orientations and its face to the impact direction has a significant effect on impact properties and observed damage modes. The selection of textile sandwich composite panel with higher impact resistance is an effective way of improving its applicability in many potential sectors.
Terahertz irradiation effects on the morphology and dynamics of actin biopolymer
Authors: Hoshina Hiromichi , Yamazaki Shota , Tsubouchi Masaaki , Harata Masahiko 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Our recent experimental research on terahertz (THz) irradiation of actin filaments, which serve as representative biopolymer materials, is summarized in this review. We found that pulsed THz waves with energy density of ∼10−4 J cm−2 (∼108 W cm−2 at the peak) generate acoustic waves efficiently in the aqueous media. These acoustic waves propagated deeply into the water and demolished the actin filaments in living HeLa cells that were submerged into the cell culture medium. The results implied that THz pulsed irradiation affects the biomolecules in the tissues, even if these molecules are located a few millimeters away from the body surface. In contrast, irradiation using THz waves with lower peak power of the order of ∼W cm−2 induces the elongation of the actin biopolymer without thermal or acoustic effects. The polymerization of actin molecules plays essential roles in cell motility, growth, differentiation and gene expression. Therefore, our results indicate that THz waves could be applicable to artificial manipulation of cellular functions.
Microplasma assisted synthesis of silver nanoparticles capped with PVA, PVP and Sucrose
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Taimoor , Bashir Shazia , Bashir Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been synthesized by exposing Ar gas microplasma to liquid solution containing Ag+ ions. Sucrose, Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were added separately as capping agents in aqueous solution to avoid agglomeration of Ag NPs. There are two main mechanism involved in this experiment (1). interaction of electrons from microplasma with Ag+ ions present in aqueous solution and (2). Control of Ag NPs size by capping agents by surrounding Ag NPs. We have performed a comparison of capping performance of Sucrose and PVA in terms of stability of Ag NPs with the help of Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of Ag NPs capped with PVA and Sucrose shows average crystal size of 25 nm and 60 nm respectively. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis was employed to measure the size distribution of Ag NPs capped with Sucrose, PVA and PVP capping agents. DLS showed that PVA-capped Ag NPs formed are more uniform in size as compared to Sucrose-capped. Average size of Ag NPs measured from DLS is 65 nm when capped with PVA and 120 nm when capped with Sucrose. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum obtained have bands of wavenumbers corresponding to functional groups of Sucrose and PVA which are present around Ag NPs.
Precision omics data integration and analysis with interoperable ontologies and their application for COVID-19 research
Authors: Wang Zhigang , He Yongqun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract Omics technologies are widely used in biomedical research. Precision medicine focuses on individual-level disease treatment and prevention. Here, we propose the usage of the term ‘precision omics’ to represent the combinatorial strategy that applies omics to translate large-scale molecular omics data for precision disease understanding and accurate disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Given the complexity of both omics and precision medicine, precision omics requires standardized representation and integration of heterogeneous data types. Ontology has emerged as an important artificial intelligence component to become critical for standard data and metadata representation, standardization and integration. To support precision omics, we propose a precision omics ontology hypothesis, which hypothesizes that the effectiveness of precision omics is positively correlated with the interoperability of ontologies used for data and knowledge integration. Therefore, to make effective precision omics studies, interoperable ontologies are required to standardize and incorporate heterogeneous data and knowledge in a human- and computer-interpretable manner. Methods for efficient development and application of interoperable ontologies are proposed and illustrated. With the interoperable omics data and knowledge, omics tools such as OmicsViz can also be evolved to process, integrate, visualize and analyze various omics data, leading to the identification of new knowledge and hypotheses of molecular mechanisms underlying the outcomes of diseases such as COVID-19. Given extensive COVID-19 omics research, we propose the strategy of precision omics supported by interoperable ontologies, accompanied with ontology-based semantic reasoning and machine learning, leading to systematic disease mechanism understanding and rational design of precision treatment and prevention.Short AbstractPrecision medicine focuses on individual-level disease treatment and prevention. Precision omics is a new strategy that applies omics for precision medicine research, which requires standardized representation and integration of individual genetics and phenotypes, experimental conditions, and data analysis settings. Ontology has emerged as an important artificial intelligence component to become critical for standard data and metadata representation, standardization and integration. To support precision omics, interoperable ontologies are required in order to standardize and incorporate heterogeneous data and knowledge in a human- and computer-interpretable manner. With the interoperable omics data and knowledge, omics tools such as OmicsViz can also be evolved to process, integrate, visualize and analyze various omics data, leading to the identification of new knowledge and hypotheses of molecular mechanisms underlying disease outcomes. The precision COVID-19 omics study is provided as the primary use case to illustrate the rationale and implementation of the precision omics strategy.
Transient Subplate Sublayer Forms Unique Corridor for Differential Ingrowth of Associative Pulvinar and Primary Visual Projection in the Prospective Visual Cortical Areas of the Human Fetal Occipital Lobe
Authors: Žunić Išasegi Iris , Kopić Janja , Smilović Dinko , Krsnik Željka , Kostović Ivica 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Cytoarchitectonical parcellation of the visual cortex into the striate and extrastriate cortex requires complex histogenetic events within a precise spatio-temporal frame to attain the specification of areal domains and associated thalamocortical connections during the fetal brain development. We analyzed a deep subplate cellular monolayer (subplate “corridor” cells) present during a restricted period of 13–15 postconceptional weeks, showing the 3D caudo-ventro-medial position in the human fetal occipital lobe, corresponding to the segregation point of pulvinocortical and geniculocortical fibers at the prospective area 17/18 border. Immunofluorescence stainings revealed subplate “corridor” cells as the specific class of the deepest subplate neurons (NeuN+, Tbr1+, Cplx3+) expressing axon guidance molecules (Sema-3A+, EphA6+), presumably for the attraction of pulvinocortical axons and the repulsion of geniculocortical axons growing at that time (SNAP25+, Syn+, FN+). Furthermore, quantitative analysis of the subplate “corridor” region of interest, considering cell number, immunofluorescence signal intensity per cell and per region, revealed significant differences to other regions across the tangential circumference of the developing cerebral wall. Thus, our study sheds new light on the deepest subplate sublayer, strategically aligned along the growing axon systems in the prospective visual system, suggesting the establishment of the area 17/18 border by differential thalamocortical input during the fetal brain development.
Improved Survival Among Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treated With Remdesivir and Dexamethasone. A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Benfield Thomas , Bodilsen Jacob , Brieghel Christian , Harboe Zitta Barrella , Helleberg Marie , Holm Claire , Israelsen Simone Bastrup , Jensen Janne , Jensen Tomas Østergaard , Johansen Isik Somuncu , Johnsen Stine , Lindegaard Birgitte , Lundgren Jens , Meyer Christian Niels , Mohey Rajesh , Pedersen Lars , Nielsen Henrik , Nielsen Stig Lønberg , Obel Niels , Omland Lars Haukali , Podlekareva Daria , Poulsen Birgitte Klindt , Ravn Pernille , Sandholdt Haakon , Starling Jonathan , Storgaard Merete , Søborg Christian , Søgaard Ole Schmeltz , Tranborg Torben , Wiese Lothar , Christensen Hanne Rolighed 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
There are limited data on outcomes of moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone in a real-world setting. We sought to compare the effectiveness of standard of care (SOC) alone versus SOC plus remdesivir and dexamethasone.

Methods
Two population-based nationwide cohorts of individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 during February through December 2020 were studied. Death within 30 days and need of mechanical ventilation (MV) were compared by inverse probability of treatment weighted (ITPW) logistic regression analysis and shown as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
The 30-days mortality rate of 1694 individuals treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone in addition to SOC was 12.6% compared to 19.7% for 1053 individuals receiving SOC alone. This corresponded to a weighted OR of 30-day mortality of 0.47 (95% CI: .38–.57) for patients treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone compared to patients receiving SOC alone. Similarly, progression to MV was reduced (OR 0.36; 95% CI: .29–.46).

Conclusions
Treatment of moderate to severe COVID-19 during June through December that included remdesivir and dexamethasone was associated with reduced 30-day mortality and need of MV compared to treatment in February through May.
Universal Use of N95 Respirators in Healthcare Settings When Community Coronavirus Disease 2019 Rates Are High
Authors: Klompas Michael , Rhee Chanu , Baker Meghan A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends N95 respirators for all providers who see patients with possible or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We suggest that N95 respirators may be just as important for the care of patients without suspected COVID-19 when community incidence rates are high. This is because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is most contagious before symptom onset. Ironically, by the time patients are sick enough to be admitted to the hospital with COVID-19, they tend to be less contagious. The greatest threat of transmission in healthcare facilities may therefore be patients and healthcare workers with early occult infection. N95 respirators’ superior fit and filtration provide superior exposure protection for healthcare providers seeing patients with early undiagnosed infection and superior source control to protect patients from healthcare workers with early undiagnosed infection. The probability of occult infection in patients and healthcare workers is greatest when community incidence rates are high. Universal use of N95 respirators may help decrease nosocomial transmission at such times.
Quality of life in breast cancer patients with cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction: a qualitative study
Authors: Koop Yvonne , van Zadelhof Nikita , Maas Angela H E M , Atsma Femke , El Messaoudi Saloua , Vermeulen Hester 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough improved breast cancer (BC) treatment has decreased mortality, these anti-cancer regimens may have serious cardiovascular side effects that affect patients’ long-term prognosis and quality of life (QoL). BC patients with cancer treatment-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) can suffer from a variety of symptoms, such as dyspnoea and fatigue. The impact of CTRCD after BC treatment on patients’ daily life has not been qualitatively explored yet.AimsThis study aims to explore the influence of CTRCD on QoL of women with BC, as defined by the concept of positive health. Second, we aim to evaluate the personal experience with cardiac surveillance during the BC trajectory.Methods and resultsA qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted and thematically analysed to explore the QoL and healthcare experiences of BC patients with CTRCD. Twelve patients participated in this study. Five themes are selected in response to the study objective: (i) patients: overwhelming fatigue, (ii) patients: mental burden of anxiety, (iii) social setting: lack of understanding and acceptance, (iv) medical specialists: lack of knowledge and acknowledgement, and (v) patients: need for personalized care.ConclusionThis study identified core components of the impact CTRCD has on the QoL of BC patients. Patients experienced an increased health-related burden due to CTRCD, affecting their physical, social, and psychosocial well-being. Healthcare experiences were largely affected by a lack of acknowledgement and professional communication. Patients underlined the need for personalized care during follow-up.
Backlash advocacy and NGO polarization over women's rights in the United Nations
Authors: Cupać Jelena , Ebetürk Irem 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article observes that women's rights politics in the United Nations are caught in full-scale polarization between feminist and conservative non-governmental organizations (NGOs), particularly visible in their fights over institutional spaces and language. It then sets out to elucidate the process by which this polarization came about. It first ties it to specific reasons for which conservative NGOs entered the UN; namely, their intent to halt and reverse the progress of women's rights. Next, the article observes that this intent has given birth to a specific style of conservative NGOs' advocacy: backlash advocacy. This advocacy differs from regular advocacy in that it does not target only UN decision-makers, but also a rival NGO group and its normative record. Polarization results from feminist NGOs' defensively reciprocating this attack. The article contributes to the literature on international organization (IO)–NGO relations by specifying why conservative NGOs, considered unlikely IO utilizers, end up actively using the UN and by showing that this diversification in NGOs' utilization of the UN can have detrimental rather than positive institutional effects. The article also invites feminist NGOs to be more aware of the political dynamic that now entraps them, and to tailor their future strategies accordingly.