bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La articulación productiva como determinante de la trayectoria potencial de crecimiento
Authors: Aroche Fidel , Molina del Villar Tania , Zárate Gutiérrez Ricardo 
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo analiza el tipo de relaciones intersectoriales que caracterizaron a las estructuras económicas de tres países durante los años de 1980 y la primera mitad del decenio de 2000 (México, 2003; Corea del Sur y España, 2005). A partir del análisis de sensibilidad estructural, empleando la metodología de los coeficientes importantes (CI)por límites tolerables (LT), se definió una tipología de articulación intersectorial en cada economía que ayudó a explicar las trayectorias potenciales de crecimiento, a partir de las características de las estructuras productivas de los tres países, así como la dirección que tomó el estudio respecto al cambio estructural registrado en cada uno de ellos
Systematization of the Russian Legislation in the Soviet Period
Authors: Yaschuk Tat'yana 
Published: October 2021

The paper studies the reasons, forms, and stages of the systematization of the national legislation in the Soviet period. The reasons are of two origins: due to the need to adapt legislation for economic and social improvement and to the general logic of the development of law and its institutionalization by sectors.
The author defines the following historical stages in the systematization of legislation: 1918–1920s; 1930 – mid-1950s; late 1950s – 1980s. The first stage included a comprehensive development of codes of the Soviet legislation that defined the legislation system. Drafts of the Soviet codes were developed in the second stage; however, they were not approved. At the third stage all major branches of the Soviet legislation were defined as codes. Codes of the 1920s were replaced by acts with current regulations; for the first time in the Soviet history codes were adopted in a number of sectors. Based on the subjects of joint jurisdiction of the USSR and the Union republics, the fundamentals of the Soviet legislation and republican codes were adopted.
Despite the fact that codification was the primary form of systematization of the Soviet legislation, incorporation was widely used as well. Chronological and systematic collections of laws were published. In the late 1920s, the State first attempted to compile a code of laws of the USSR; however, the USSR Code of Laws and the RSFSR Code of Laws were prepared and published only in the 1980s.
Throughout the Soviet period, the systematization of legislation was an important area of state legal policy.
An electrochemical sensing platform for sensitive detection DNA methylation using Fe3O4/TMC/Au nanocomposite and poly(l-arginine)/reduced graphene oxide modified screen-printed carbon electrode
Authors: Syedmoradi Leila , Hajghassem Hassan , Tavoosidana Gholamreza , Rezayat Seyed Mahdi , Faridi-Majidi Reza , Omidfar Kobra 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: In this study, a simple electrochemical nano-genosensor has been developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of methylated SEPT9 DNA as a useful biomarker for early colorectal cancer detection or screening.
Methods: The process consists of three main steps: (i) the surface modification of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCEs) with a poly(l-Arg)/RGO composite film followed by immobilizing anti-5-methylcytosine antibody (ii) preparation of probe-modified Fe3O4/TMC/Au nanocomposites for the hybridization with complementary DNA sequences, (iii) capturing methylated DNA target by antibody-modified SPCEs and subsequent electrochemical detection through redox peak currents of gold nanoparticles which generated a concentration-dependent response.
Results: The surface modification of the electrode and hybridization with the methylated target were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) method and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employ for quantitative evaluation of methylated target DNA.
Conclusion: The assay showed a wide linear range from 0.01 pM to 1000 pM with a low detection limit of 0.01pM.
Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of Cichorium intybus L. seed extract in ischemia/reperfusion injury model of rat spinal cord
Authors: Ghaffari Neda , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza , Nowrouzi Azin , Gholaminejhad Morteza , Mokhtari Tahmineh , Seifali Rahimeh , Mohammed Ibrahim , Akbari Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of chicory seed (CSE, Cichorium intybus L. seed) following spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion (SCI/R) injury in rat model were evaluated.
Methods: In this study 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided to six groups: control (Co), sham (Sh), CSE, SCI/R, CSE+SCI/R (7 days pretreatment with CSE group+inducing I/R injury), SCI/R +CSE (induced I/R injury group+3 days treatment with CSE). SCI/R injury was induced by creating a longitudinal incision on the midline of abdominal region and clamping the aorta just below renal artery for 30 minutes. After 3 days, SC was removed and used for evaluation of antioxidant enzymes (including Superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase [CAT]), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA]), inflammatory factors (IL1Î², IL18 & TNFÎ±) and histopathological changes. Before sacrificing the animals, the motional score were assessed.
Results: Our results demonstrated that, in the SCI/R group, the mean levels of SOD, and CAT were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the mean level of MDA was significantly increased (P<0.05) in comparison to Co and Sh groups. Also, the mean levels of SOD and CAT in the treatment group were higher than the SCI/R group (P<0.05), while, the mean MDA content in the treatment group was significantly less than the SCI/R group (P <0.05). In addition, comparison between SCI/R and treatment groups demonstrated a significant decrease in tissue damage in the treatment group.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that, the neuroprotective effects of aqueous extract of Cichorium intybus L. seed on SCI/R injury in rat by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Additionally, comparing the treatment and pretreatment groups shows that the pretreatment usage of the extract is more effective than treatment group.
Triiodothyronine Improves Morphology and Up-regulates seladin-1 of neurospheres extracted from Subventricular Zone in Streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mokhtari Tahmineh , Mahahakizadeh Simin , Aligholi Hadi , Ijaz Sahar , Noori Leila , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: In this study, the effects of triiodothyronine (T3) on neurospheres isolated from SVZ of AD induced rats were examined.
Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were classified into two groups: Sham (Sh) and STZ (Streptozotocin injected, 1.5 mg/kg in each lateral ventricle on days 1 and 3 after recovery). On day 21, the SVZ was extracted and neurospheres were cultured. T3 (50 nM) was added to the culture medium (STZ+T3 group) and then, the morphology and seladin-1 gene expression of neurospheres were evaluated.
Results: The diameter and the number of neurospheres along with the gene expression of seladin-1 were significantly decreased in the STZ group compared to Sh group (PË‚0.05) while the administration of T3 significantly (PË‚0.05) increased all these parameters in the STZ group.
Conclusion: STZ decreases the proliferation of stem cells extracted from SVZ and administration of T3 to the culture media improves the morphology and up-regulates the gene expression of seladin-1 of neurospheres.
In Vitro Evaluation of Cholesterol-Reducing Ability of Chitosan from Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata) Shell Solid Dispersion using PVP K-30 as a Carrier
Authors: Imtihani Hilya Nur , Permatasari Silfiana Nisa , Prasetya Rahmad Aji 
Published: October 2021

Background: Chitosan is a compound that can be synthesized from nature which can reduce the total serum cholesterol levels between 5.8−42.6% and decrease LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) between 15.1-35.1%. One of the natural resources containing chitosan derivative compounds is the shell of mud crab. Chitosan is insoluble in water but soluble in acidic solutions such as acetic acid. With such chitosan solubility, it is necessary to increase the solubility by making a solid dispersion system so that drug absorption can be faster. Objectives: The aims of this study is to determine the potential of chitosan solid dispersion system for reducing cholesterol. Material and Methods: The reduction of cholesterol levels was carried out by in vitro tests using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 405 nm with Lieberman-Burchad reagent. The positive control used was simvastatin. There are 4 formulas, namely SD1, PM1, SD2, and PM2. This solid dispersion system uses polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 (PVP K-30) as carrier. Results: The characterization of chitosan has fulfilled all the characterization requirements that is organoleptic (shape and color) was creamy white, moisture content was 2.15%, ash content was 1.14%, ninhydrin test was positive purple, and deacetylation degree was 70.57%. The results of in vitro evaluation were obtained a dark green solution. The reducing percentage in cholesterol levels are SD1: 18.44%; PM1 : 18.11%; SD2 : 29.57%; and PM2 :12.01%. Simvastatin as a positive control has a percentage reduction in cholesterol levels of 30.07%. Conclusion: Chitosan has an activity as anticholesterol agent. SD2 (Solid Dispersion Chitosan: PVP K-30 = 1:2) has the higher percentage than other formulas for reducing cholesterol level comparable with the positive control.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA POKOK BAHASAN RUMUS-RUMUS SEGITIGA PADA SISWA KELAS X MM2 SMK NEGERI 1 KABANJAHE DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING DI SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: . Henniwati 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak: Permasalahan penelitian bagaimana meningkatkan prestasi belajar pada materi pokok rumus segitiga dengan menerapkan metode discovery learning. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa melalui penerapan metode discovery learning. Sumber data penelitian adalah siswa kelas X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe Kabupaten Karo Provinsi Sumatera Utara pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 berjumlah 32 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian penerapan menunjukan metode discovery learning dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar pada siswa kelas X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe materi pokok Rumus Segitiga. Hasil prasiklus ditemukan 13 siswa (48,15%) dari 32 siswa tuntas belajar. Hasil ini meningkat pada Siklus menjadi 17 siswa tuntas belajar atau (62,96%), dan selanjutnya pada Siklus I mencapai 23 siswa tuntas belajar (85,19%). Rata-rata hasil belajar Matematika menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dari prasiklus sebesar 57,34 menjadi 64,69 pada Siklus I, lalu meningkat pada Siklus II sebesar 79,53. Dengan demikian penerapan metode discovery learning terbukti meningkatkan prestasi belajar Matematika materi rumus segitiga pada kelas X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe, sehingga dapat untuk diterapkan. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran discovery learning, Prestasi belajar Matematika Abstract: The research problem is how to improve learning achievement on the subject matter of the triangle formula by applying the discovery learning method. The purpose of the study was to determine the increase in student achievement through the application of the discovery learning method. The source of the research data were students of class X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province in the even semester of the 2018/2019 academic year totaling 32 students. Data collection was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the application research show that the discovery learning method can improve learning achievement in class X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe with the subject matter of the Triangle Formula. Pre-cycle results found 13 students (48.15%) out of 32 students had completed their studies. This result increased in the cycle to 17 students who finished studying or (62.96%) and then in the cycle reached 23 students who finished learning (85.19%). The average mathematics learning outcomes showed a significant increase from pre-cycle of 57.34 to 64.69 in Cycle, then increased to 79.53 in Cycle I. Thus, the application of the discovery learning method is proven to improve learning achievement in mathematics with the triangle formula material in class X MM2 SMK Negeri 1 Kabanjahe, so it can be applied. Keywords: Discovery learning, Mathematics learning achievement
A Cross-Sectional Study of Electronic Cigarette Use Among Chinese Adult Populations in Four Cities of China. Part I. Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Shang Ping-ping , Zhao Ge , Li Xiang , Hua Chen-feng , Zhang Yi-chun , Zhao Jun-wei , Wang Sheng , Sun Pei-jian , Guo Jun-wei , Fan Mei-juan , Guo Ji-zhao , Zheng Sai-jing , Pan Li-ning , Lu Cheng-wei , Xie Fu-wei , Peng Gui-xin 
Published: October 2021

Summary
The use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) has grown exponentially over the past few years in China. To obtain the basic information of Chinese EC users, a questionnaire survey was performed to collect the data that describe characteristics of study populations, including daily usage, consumption preference, and risk perception. Volunteers were recruited from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen cities of China. In total, among the 511 participants that were included in the analysis, 491 participants (95%) used refillable ECs in the past 3 months. There was a strong association between EC use and traditional cigarette smoking. The majority of participants were dual users and the number of cigarettes smoked decreased with the use of ECs. After using an EC, 20.7% of conventional cigarette smokers attempted to quit smoking. Young people were the primary users across all geographic locations. Specifically, the daily usage for the participants who were 18–39 years old, was higher than those over 40 years old. The majority of participants (59.9%) preferred fruit flavors and 57.8% of them used 1–5 mg/mL nicotine-concentration liquids. Most EC users are motived to quit smoking, and 74.6% claimed that the ECs had no irritant effect on the oral cavity. A total of 50.5% of family members of the study participants reported an improvement of health status while the participants used ECs instead of traditional cigarettes. Overall, the results of this Chinese survey indicate that the per-day cigarette consumption of the dual users decreased whereas their proportion of smokers of low-“tar” cigarettes increased.
Predictors of nurses’ response to informal carers’ interventions in medication safety and their collaboration with nurse colleagues and physicians: a cross-sectional factorial survey from Switzerland / Prädiktoren der Reaktion von Pflegefachpersonen auf Interventionen von betreuenden Angehörigen zur Medikationssicherheit und ihre Zusammenarbeit mit pflegerischem und ärztlichem Personal: eine faktorielle Querschnittstudie aus der Schweiz
Authors: Riguzzi Marco , Jähnke Anke , Bischofberger Iren 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Informal carers contribute significantly to healthcare delivery in Switzerland. Many of them are experienced in everyday practice and perform medication management procedures. Medication is a vital topic in patient safety; however, there is little knowledge about carers’ involvement in the medication process.

Design
As a part of a larger study with a sequential mixed-methods design, this quantitative cross-sectional factorial online survey explored nurses’ responses towards carers’ interventions in medication safety, as well as their collaboration with nurse colleagues and/or physicians.

Method
285 nurses from a chapter of the Swiss Nurses’ Association evaluated case vignettes in which carers approached them regarding (supposed) medication errors at the hospital. The data were analysed by fractional, ordered and multinomial logistic regression models, and robustness was tested by a probit model and an ordinary least squares model.

Results
Nurses were significantly less likely to approve carers’ interventions if the relationship between the carer and the cared-for person was unclear to them, or if approached in an accusatory way. Prior experience in similar situations and higher education had the opposite effect. Higher age of the nurse and regular contact with carers increased collaboration with other nurses and physicians in verifying the carers’ claims.

Conclusion
The results highlight the importance of experience with and communication shaped to carers, emphasising an overarching perspective of the medication process by the nurse, including validating the carers’ claims in intra- and interprofessional collaboration. These competencies cannot be taken for granted. They must be taught and trained, as well as supported by carer-friendly executive management.
Entropy Stable Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method with Multi-Dimensional Slope Limitation for Euler Equations
Authors: Madrane Aziz , Benkhaldoun Fayssal 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We present an entropy stable Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method to approximate systems of 2-dimensional symmetrizable conservation laws on unstructured grids. The scheme is constructed using a combination of entropy conservative fluxes and entropy-stable numerical dissipation operators. The method is designed to work on structured as well as on unstructured meshes. As solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws can develop discontinuities (shocks) in finite time, we include a multidimensional slope limitation step to suppress spurious oscillations in the vicinity of shocks. The numerical scheme has two steps: the first step is a finite element calculation which includes calculations of fluxes across the edges of the elements using 1-D entropy stable solver. The second step is a procedure of stabilization through a truly multi-dimensional slope limiter. We compared the Entropy Stable Scheme (ESS) versus Roe’s solvers associated with entropy corrections and Osher’s solver. The method is illustrated by computing solution of the two stationary problems: a regular shock reflection problem and a 2-D flow around a double ellipse at high Mach number.
Investigation of the Thermo-Physical and Mechanical Properties of Coir and Sugarcane Bagasse for Low Temperature Insulation
Authors: Ndagi Mustapha , Kolawole Ajiboye Tajudeen , Olawale Fabiyi Mustapha , Sulaiman Abdulkareem 
Published: October 2021

This research reports on the suitability of Agricultural bi-products as low temperature thermal insulating materials to replace synthetic insulating materials like polyurethane used in food warmers and ice coolers. Coir and sugarcane bagasse chosen for this research was based on literature review and local availability of materials. Coir was obtained from Badagry, Lagos State and Sugarcane bagasse obtained from Batati, Niger State, the materials were washed, sun dried for three days and cut into smaller pieces before being blended into smaller particles using an electric blender. The blended materials (Coir and Bagasse) were sieved into two different sieve size of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm respectively. The particles sizes were then combined into blend ratios of 50/50, 60/40, and 70/30 using Gum Arabic as binder. Thermal conductivity test showed that 1.0 mm particle size coir mixed with sugarcane bagasse has the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.01467 W/mK whilst that of 0.5 mm particle size has thermal conductivity of 0.01472 W/mK this is lower compared to the measured thermal conductivity of the polyurethane control sample of 0.01832 W/mK. Sample F (1.0 mm particle size,70% coir and 30% bagasse) with a thermal diffusivity of 5.15 mÂ²/s, water absorption capacity of 410 %, UTS of 0.219 MPa, Compressive strength of 0.583 MPa, Specific heat capacity of 1141.3 J/kgK and thermal resistivity of 68.16 W/m/K is most suitable replacement for polyurethane as low temperature thermal insulator. This is corroborated by the performance evaluation test with carried out between polyurethane lined food warmer and bio-composite lined food warmer. The two test samples have close ice melt rate values and the polyurethane slightly edge the Bio-composite insulating material by 1.2 % in efficiency. The edge in efficiency can be accepted as all materials used in the development of the bio-composite insulating material are completely bio-degradable and environmentally friendly.
Islamic Plurality in the Perspectives of Ulama Dayah in Aceh
Authors: Syarifuddin Syarifuddin 
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to explain the views of Ulama Dayah on the plurality of Acehnese society. The Acehnese, especially the Ulama Dayah (Teungku) are community leaders for the people of Aceh. Ulama Dayah welcome the concept of plurality in the sense of tolerance which they consider sunnatullah. However, if plurality causes disturbance to religious practice in society, it will be rejected, especially if it is contrary to the Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah doctrine which is oriented to the Shafi'i school. This research used a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytic approach. The subjects of this research were the ulama who graduated from dayah represented 12 organizations that manage the dayah community. This study did not specify which areas would be studied, because the data were taken based on interviews with 3 Ulama Dayah representing the dayah community organization. The research procedure was carried out in four steps: observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using an inductive model. The results of the study were as follows; First, the impact of Ulama Dayah’s thought on plurality in Islamic schools of thought was very important. Second, the role of Ulama Dayah as a reference has actually existed since the days of the Aceh Sultanate. Third, the influence of Ulama Dayah thoughts was also strongly influenced by the number of worshipers. Finally, institutionally, the existence of the Dayah Education Office in Aceh was a liaison between the dayahs and the government in equalizing public perceptions.
DETERMINANTS OF WORKING CAPITAL IN INDIAN REALTY SECTOR
Authors: Shivakumar  , Thimmaiah Babitha 
Published: October 2021

Working capital is important aspect which ensures sufficient short-term capital to maintain the firm’s day-to-day operations and creating maximum value to the firm. As working capital may have a major impact on profitability, understanding the firm-specific determinants of working capital is important. This study was conducted on the firm-specific determinants of working capital in the Indian Realty Sector. The independent variables employed in the study includes firm size, asset tangibility, leverage, profitability, sales growth, and fixed assets growth, while the dependent variables employed in the study are inventory, receivables, payables, and cash conversation days. The study based on the sample of thirteen companies of Indian Realty Sector, of which five were large-cap, five were mid-cap, and three are small-cap companies. The study was conducted for the period of 2011-20. The study employed fixed-effects panel regression to analyse the significance of the firm-specific determinants of working capital in the Indian Realty Sector.