bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Posterior Pilon Fracture: Transfibular Approach vs Posterior Approach
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Yaxing , Gan Tingjiang 
Published: December 2024

Category: Trauma; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: For posterior pilon fractures, the posterior approach (PA) is widely used but has its limitations. The transfibular approach (TFA) has been adopted to treat posterior malleolar fractures for the advantage of direct visual confirmation of the reduction status intraoperatively, yet the report of its application on posterior pilon fractures is rare. This study aims to compare TFA with PA in terms of their corresponding reduction quality. Methods: Clinical data of 85 posterior pilon fracture patients treated via PA (n=62) or TFA (n=23) were retrospectively reviewed. Radiographic and clinical assessments, including articular step-off or gap, syndesmosis reduction quality, signs of ankle arthritis, the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, visual analogue scale (VAS), ankle stability, and the active range of motion (ROM) of the ankle, were all evaluated by two readers independently. Results: The total incidence of step-off or gap ≥ 1 mm was significantly higher in the PA group (35.5%) than in the TFA group (8.7%, p = 0.015). In all the patients, step-off ≥ 1mm was identified as an independent risk factor for the development of arthritis and a lower AOFAS score (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found in ROM and complication incidence between the two groups. Ankle instability was found in neither group during the follow-up. Conclusion: TFA could offer a way to intraoperatively evaluate the reduction status with direct visual confirmation and, thereby, might improve the results of reduction for posterior pilon fractures.
Particulated Autologous Cartilage Transplantation for the Treatment of Osteochondral Lesion of the Talus: Can the Lesion Cartilage Be Recycled?
Authors: Woo Shim Dong , Lee Wonwoo , Woo Lee Jin , Soo Kim Bom 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle; Arthroscopy Introduction/Purpose: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) are a common cause of disability and chronic ankle pain. Many operative treatment strategies have been introduced; however, they have their own disadvantages. Recently lesion repair using autologous cartilage chip has emerged therefore we investigated the efficacy of particulated autologous cartilage transplantation (PACT) in OLT. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 32 consecutive symptomatic patients with OLT who underwent PACT with minimum one-year follow-up. Standard preoperative radiography and MRI were performed for all patients. Follow-up second-look arthroscopy or MRI was performed with patient consent approximately one-year postoperatively. Magnetic resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score and International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grades were used to evaluate the quality of the regenerated cartilage. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Foot Function Index (FFI), and Foot Ankle Outcome Scale (FAOS). Results: All patients had ICRS grade IV cartilage lesions, except for one (ICRS grade III). The paired MOCART scores significantly improved from 42.5 (SD 1.53) to 63.5 (SD 22.60) (p = 0.025) in ten patients. Seven patients agreed to undergo second-look arthroscopy; 5 patients had grade I (normal) ICRS scores and two patients had grade II (nearly normal) ICRS scores. VAS, FFI, and all subscales of FAOS were significantly improved postoperatively (p ≤ 0.003). Conclusion: PACT significantly improved the clinical, radiological, and morphological outcomes of OLT. We consider this to be a safe and effective surgical method based on the short-term clinical results of this study.
Demographic and Regional Trends of Colorectal Cancer-Related Mortality in Young Adults in the United States,  1999–2020: A Cohort Study
Authors: Affan Muhammad , Ali Mohsan , Talha Muhammad , Tahir Amina , Naseer Bisal 
Published: December 2024

Introduction Data on mortality trends for colorectal cancer (CRC) in young adults is sparse. So, this study aims to evaluate trends in CRC-related death rates in young adults. Methods Data on mortality from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database were examined in this retrospective cohort analysis. We focused on young adults aged 25 to 45 who died with colorectal cancer (CRC) listed as an underlying cause from January 1999 to December 2020. The study was conducted in August 2023. Individuals aged 25 to 45 years with colorectal cancer (CRC) are noted as a factor in or the root cause of death. The study measured age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) for colorectal cancer (CRC) per 100,000 people in the United States, categorized by sex, ethnicity, race, and geographical location. Results From 1999 to 2020, there were 37,601 deaths related to colorectal cancer (CRC) among young adults. Of these, 20,621 (54.8%) were men, and 16,980 (45.2%) were women. The deaths included 7,039 (18.7%) Black individuals, 4,667 (12.4%) Hispanic individuals, and 23,684 (63.0%) White individuals. The overall age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) for colorectal cancer (CRC) among young adults rose from 2.0 in 1999 to 2.4 in 2020. Both adult women and men had an increase in mortality, with males consistently exhibiting higher age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs). All ethnic and racial groups saw an increase in age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR), with Black individuals having the highest rates (3.2 in 1999 to 3.3 in 2020). During the same period, the age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) of White and Hispanic people increased from 1.8 to 2.4 and 1.5 to 2, respectively. age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were either steady or dropping for most demographic and regional categories between 1999 and 2012; however, between 2012 and 2020, there was an uptick. States like Mississippi, Arkansas, Alabama, Oklahoma, and West Virginia were in the upper 90th percentile rank for colorectal cancer (CRC)-caused mortality, reflecting a higher burden in comparison to states in the lowest 10th percentile rank. Conclusion Young adults in the United States had higher rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) death between 1999 and 2020; these rates first stabilized before rising in the latter years. Black individuals faced a 1.38 to 1.65-fold higher age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) compared to Hispanic and White individuals, respectively. Targeted health policies are essential to address the rising burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young adults, emphasizing prevention, early detection, treatment, and reducing disparities.
Effect of a Single Live Group Music Therapy Intervention on Anxiety-State and Well-Being Levels During Chemotherapy: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial Protocol
Authors: Reyes Aragón Laura , Díaz Ana María , Suárez Raúl , Amarillo Moshé Alonso , Colmenares Mejía Claudia Carolina , Ettenberger Mark 
Published: December 2024

Introduction Many cancer patients experience high levels of anxiety during chemotherapy, which can negatively impact their mental health and their physiological, emotional, and spiritual well-being. Different complementary therapies aim to attenuate these effects, including music therapy. Although there is preliminary evidence on the positive effects of music therapy and music-based interventions in chemotherapy wards, few studies report live group interventions delivered by accredited music therapists. Objective To determine the effect of a single live group music therapy intervention on state anxiety and well-being levels of adult cancer patients during chemotherapy. Methodology This study protocol follows the SPIRT guidelines and reports a two-arm multicenter randomized clinical trial (RCT). The intervention group will receive standard care + a live group music therapy session and the control group will receive standard care only. The primary outcome is state anxiety, measured with the six-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6). The secondary outcome is well-being, measured with the Well-being Numerical Rating Scales (WB-NRSs). The scales will be applied before and after each intervention. Sample size calculation resulted in a total of 102 participants. Conclusions This study seeks to contribute to the improvement of psycho-emotional health and well-being of cancer patients during chemotherapy. It is the first multi-center RCT on music therapy with cancer patients in [country, de-identified for peer review] and aims to gather knowledge about music’s role to improve patients’ mental health during acute treatment. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06577324, submission date August 21st, 2024).
Study on the Relationship Between Vibration Signals in CFRP Grinding and Grinding Mechanism
Authors: Li Lichen , Wang Fangyuan , Song Pengda , Jin Kai , Chu Lei , Ding Sansan , Berti Guido A. , Quagliato Luca 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the process of grinding carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), the changing state of acceleration vibration signal is closely related to the grinding surface quality. Therefore, the time domain and frequency domain signal changes in acceleration can be used to monitor and control the grinding process to improve machining quality and efficiency. In this paper, changes in acceleration frequency domain signals under different grinding angles are studied, and the relationship between the vibration forms of acceleration frequency domain signals at the beginning, middle and end of grinding as well as the surface morphology and quality of the corresponding grinding position is studied. Combined with the micro-morphology of the grinding area, it can be seen that, a high frequency and low amplitude vibration can improve the grinding surface quality, but a high amplitude will have a negative impact on the grinding quality. The acceleration vibration during grinding is more stable and the corresponding surface quality is better. With an increase in grinding angle, the maximum amplitude of acceleration first increases and then decreases. The length of the surface fiber also initially decreases and then increases. Lastly, the resin residue first increases and then decreases. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent grinding state adjustment.
Cancer incidence and mortality in the occupational cohort of a German toxic waste landfill: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Manz Kirsi , Weitmann Kerstin , Theen Sarah , Robers Gabriele , Pritzkuleit Ron , Katalinic Alexander , Hoffmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Employees at the Ihlenberg toxic waste landfill in northern Germany were found to have an increased risk of cancer and cancer-related deaths in previous analyses covering the time period from 1983 to 2008. The present study aimed to quantify cancer risk and all-cause mortality in the employee cohort in 2009 to 2021.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, cancers were identified by linkage with cancer registries, and employee deaths were obtained from population registries. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancers and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to quantify cancer and mortality risk in the employee cohort. The effects of employment duration and different latency periods up to 30 years were additionally considered.

Results
The cohort of 590 employees (432 men, 158 women) who worked at the landfill for at least 3 months between 1983 and 2018 was established from human resource management documentation and followed from January 1, 2009 until December 31, 2021. During this follow-up period, the SIR for all cancers combined was 0.69 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47, 0.98) and the SMR for all-cause mortality was 0.51 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.73). Longer employment at the landfill was not associated with increased cancer incidence or mortality.

Conclusions
Employment at the landfill, expected to reflect occupational exposure to toxic waste, was not associated with increased cancer incidence or mortality in the employee cohort. Preventive measures to reduce exposure and to promote a healthy lifestyle should be maintained at the landfill.
Metacognitive processes, situational factors, and clinical decision-making in nursing education: a quantitative longitudinal study
Authors: Wang FangFang , Liu Dandan , Zhang ManHong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study examined the longitudinal development of metacognitive skills and clinical decision-making abilities in nursing students, focusing on the interactions between metacognitive processes, situational factors, and individual differences.

Methods
A longitudinal, quantitative design was employed, following 185 third-year nursing students from a major university in China over one academic year. Data were collected at six time points using the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, Nursing Decision-Making Instrument, and custom-designed clinical scenario assessments. Latent Growth Curve Modeling, Multilevel Modeling, and Moderation Analysis were used to analyze the data.

Results
Significant positive growth trajectories were observed for both metacognitive awareness (mean slope = 0.07, p < .001) and decision-making skills (mean slope = 0.08, p < .001). Metacognitive regulation emerged as the strongest predictor of decision-making outcomes (β = 0.188, p < .001 for quality; β = 0.168, p < .001 for efficiency). Task complexity negatively impacted decision-making quality (β = -0.129, p < .001), while time pressure more strongly affected efficiency (β = -0.121, p < .001). Cognitive style and emotional intelligence moderated the relationship between metacognitive processes and decision-making outcomes. The effectiveness of metacognitive strategies in mitigating the negative effects of situational factors varied across individuals and over time.

Conclusion
This study provides robust evidence for the complex interplay between metacognitive processes, situational factors, and individual differences in the development of clinical decision-making skills among nursing students. The findings highlight the importance of tailoring educational interventions to enhance specific metacognitive skills, particularly regulation, while considering the impact of situational factors and individual cognitive styles. These insights can inform the design of more effective, personalized approaches to nursing education, potentially enhancing the preparation of nursing students for the complexities of clinical practice.
Changes in muscle-to-fat ratio are associated with lung function decline and airflow obstruction in the general population
Authors: Kim Eunwoo , Leem Ah Young , Jung Ji Ye , Kim Young Sam , Park Youngmok 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The long-term relationship between body composition and lung function has not yet been fully demonstrated. We investigated the longitudinal association between muscle-to-fat (MF) ratio and lung function among middle-aged general population.

Methods
Participants were enrolled from a community-based prospective cohort between 2005 and 2014. Lung function parameters (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], and FEV1/FVC) and the MF ratio (total body muscle mass [kg]/fat mass [kg]) were assessed biannually via spirometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively.

Results
We followed up 4,712 participants (age 53.9 ± 7.9 years, men 45.8%) for 8 years. With an increase in MF ratio of 1, in men, the FVC increased by 43.9 mL, FEV1 by 37.6 mL, and FEV1/FVC by 0.320%, while in non-smoking women, the FVC increased by 55.8 mL, FEV1 by 44.3 mL, and FEV1/FVC by 0.265% (all P < 0.001). The MF ratio-decreased group showed further annual deterioration in lung function than the MF ratio-increased group (men: FVC − 44.1 mL vs. -28.4 mL, FEV1 -55.8 mL vs. -39.7 mL, FEV1/FVC − 0.53% vs. -0.42%; non-smoking women: FVC − 34.2 mL vs. -30.3 mL, FEV1 -38.0 mL vs. -35.2 mL; all P < 0.001, except FEV1 in non-smoking women; P = 0.005). The odds ratio for the incidence of airflow obstruction according to the MF ratio was 0.77 (95% CI, 0.68–0.87) in men and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74–0.97) in non-smoking women.

Conclusions
Long-term changes in the MF ratio are related to lung function deterioration and incidence of airflow obstruction in middle-aged general population.
Simplified Plasmodium falciparum membrane feeding assay using small Petri dishes and gel warmers
Authors: Mlambo Godfree , Thanakornsombut Tassanee , Tripathi Abhai K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStudies on Plasmodium falciparum transmission require blood-feeding infectious gametocytes to mosquitoes using standard membrane-feeding assays (SMFAs). SMFAs are routinely performed using electric heating coils or glass membrane feeders connected to a circulatory water bath using tubing and clamps. Each of these approaches is expensive and requires a complex setup, hence restricting the number of assays that can be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, existing methods cannot be easily applied in low-resource field settings. This study presents a low-cost and simplified method for feeding mosquitoes with an infectious blood meal using 35 mm Petri dishes where temperature is maintained by using reusable gel warmers. The intensity and prevalence of infection in mosquitoes (Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles gambiae) fed via a Petri dish overlaid with gel warmers were comparable to mosquitoes fed using standard glass membrane feeders. The methodology described here can be easily applied in low-resource and field settings due to its low cost, ease of set up, and use of easily available supplies, such as Petri dishes, and reusable gel warmers. We believe a wide range of laboratories can easily adapt this method for P. falciparum transmission studies.
Impact of drug-resistant tuberculosis on socio-economic status, quality of life and psychological well-being of patients in Bucharest, Romania: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ramachandran Rupa , Dumitrescu Andreea , Baiceanu Dragos , Popa Cristina , Dragomir Antonela , Mahler Beatrice , Hoelscher Michael , Lange Christoph , Heyckendorf Jan , Rachow Andrea , Ibraim Elmira , Ivanova Olena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with 1.3 million deaths in 2022. Ten countries in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) accounted for 88.3% of TB cases, of which 23.8% were from Romania. Evidence shows that mental health issues, decreased quality of life and negative socio-economic impact are common among TB patients; however, there is limited evidence available in Romania. The main aim of this study is to longitudinally assess the quality of life, mental health, and socio-economic status of patients with drug-resistant TB (DR TB) in Romania.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Marius Nasta Institute of Pneumology in Bucharest, Romania, enrolling 50 participants with DR TB. Demographic data, clinical examinations, laboratory test and medical history were recorded at study start. At baseline (week two), month 10, and month 20 we also administered the Short-Form-36 and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale to assess health-related quality of life and mental health status, and socio-economic questionnaires to 46 participants.

Results
Of the 46 participants with median age of 48.9 years, 71.7% were males. Majority of the participants were employed at the baseline but due to the rigorous treatment and hospitalization had to take sick leave, thereby affecting the individual and household income. 26.1% and 39.3% of participants reported psychological distress at baseline and at the end of month 20, respectively. The quality-of-life scores improved during treatment: PCS with a mean of 67.0 (SD-33.9) at baseline, 63.3 (SD-31.9) at month 10 and 70.3 (SD-30.3) at month 20, and MCS with 62.8 (SD-30.6), 67.8 (SD-29) and 70.8 (SD-27.3), accordingly, but differences were not significant.

Conclusions
We examined the socio-economic impact, quality of life, and psychological distress among patients affected by DR TB in Romania. The results of this study suggest that social and psychological support will ensure a better standard of living during and following TB treatment.
Seismic repair of severely corroded precast RC columns with FRP shell and headed steel bars
Authors: Shrestha Sayal , Pantelides Chris P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCorrosion of reinforced concrete bridge columns degrades their seismic performance. A seismic repair strategy for severely corroded reinforced concrete columns is developed. Three specimens were constructed; one served as the control, and two were corroded with a 25% target mass loss of longitudinal steel bar area. The control and one of the corroded columns were tested under cyclic loads, and the remaining corroded column was repaired before being tested. Repair consisted of a carbon fiber reinforced polymer shell filled with concrete and connected to the footing using headed steel bars. All three columns failed due to longitudinal steel bar fracture; the control column failed at 9.0% drift ratio, the severely corroded column failed at 6.0% drift ratio after longitudinal steel bars buckled, and the repaired corroded column failed at 10.0% drift ratio. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the repair method. A numerical model was developed to simulate the seismic performance of the control, the corroded, and the repaired columns, which matched the experimental hysteresis curves and predicted fracture of longitudinal steel bars at the same drift ratio as the experiment. The numerical model is extended for parametric analysis of reinforced concrete columns with varying levels of corrosion and repaired columns.