bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vamp3-dependent secretion of endocytic BDNF from astrocytes
Authors: Han Jeongho , Yoon Sungryeong , Park Hyungju 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates diverse brain functions via TrkB receptor signaling. Due to the expression of TrkB receptors, astrocytes can internalize extracellular BDNF proteins via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Endocytosed BDNF can be re-secreted upon stimulation, but the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unrecognized. Our study reveals that vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 (Vamp3) selectively regulates the endocytic release of BDNF from astrocytes. By using quantum dot (QD)-conjugated mature BDNF (QD-BDNF) as a proxy for the extracellular BDNF protein, we monitored the uptake, transport, and secretion of BDNF from cultured cortical astrocytes. Our data showed that endocytic QD-BDNF particles were enriched in Vamp3-containing vesicles in astrocytes and that ATP treatment sufficiently triggered either the antero- or retrograde transport and exocytosis of QD-BDNF-containing vesicles. Downregulation of Vamp3 expression disrupted endocytic BDNF secretion from astrocytes but did not affect uptake or transport. Collectively, these results provide evidence of the selective ability of astrocytic Vamp3 to control endocytic BDNF secretion during BDNF recycling.
Realizing Enhanced Energy Storage and Hardness Performances in 0.90NaNbO3-0.10Bi(Zn0.5Sn0.5)O3 Lead-Free Ceramics
Authors: Dong Xiaoyan , Li Xu , Chen Hongyun , Dong Qinpeng , Wang Jiaming , Wang Xiang , Pan Yue , Chen Xiuli , Zhou Huanfu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Relaxor behavior has been demonstrated responsible for excellent energy storage characteristics in dielectric materials owing to the fast polarization response, and an ultrahigh energy storage density can also be induced in NaNbO3 (NN)-based ceramics via combining antiferroelectric and relaxor features. Most of the existing reports lead-free dielectric ceramics, nevertheless, are still lacking of the relevant research among domain evolution and relaxor behavior. Herein, a novel lead-free solid solution, (1-x)NaNbO3-xBi(Zn0.5Sn0.5)O3 [xBZS, x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20] ceramics are designed to further illustrate the above issues. Domain evolutions in xBZS ceramics confirm the contribution of relaxor behavior to the excellent energy storage characteristics, owning to fast polarization rotation based on the low energy barrier of polar nanoregions (PNRs). Consequently, a high energy storage density of 3.14 J/cm3 and energy efficiency of 83.30% are simultaneously available at 0.10BZS ceramics, together with the stabilities of energy storage properties in large temperature range (20-100 °C) and wide frequency range (1-200 Hz). Additionally, for practical applications, the 0.10BZS ceramics display a great discharge energy storage density (Wdis ~1.05 J/cm3), fast discharge rate (t0.9 ~60.60 ns), and high hardness (H ~5.49 GPa). These results indicate that this study may provide a considerable new light on the mechanism of high performance lead-free dielectric energy storage materials.
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 as a biomarker for cadmium-associated bone damage
Authors: yu wan , jun Mo Li , Wu Lu , li Li Dong , Jia Song , kun Hu You , bin Huang Hai , zhi Wei Qin , peng Wang Da , ming Qiu Jian , ji Zhang Zi , zhan Liu Qi , fen Yang Xing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Cadmium is a well-characterized bone toxic agent and can induce bone damage via inhibiting osteogenic differentiation. However, only a few studies have addressed the mechanism on cadmium-associated bone damage and none of them has used a panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the detection of cadmium-associated bone damage. BMP/SAMD signaling pathway can mediate osteogenic differentiation, but the association between cadmium and BMP/SAMD signaling pathway is yet to be illuminated.
Methods

We treated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with CdCl2 in vitro to to detect the expression of BMPs and SAMDs. And we also enrolled 67 cases of bone damage and 67 cases without bone damage. Urinary cadmium concentration and the concentrations of BMP-2 and BMP-4 of subjects were detected. Mediation analyses was used to estimate the influence of urinary cadmium and BMP-4 on bone damage, adjusting for a set of confounders.
Results

Cd exposure significantly promoted adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, and inhibited its' osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting the expression of BMP-2/4, SAMD4, and p-SAMD1/5/9 complex. BMP-4 mediated 22.92% (95%CI 6.37, 46.00) of the total association between cadmium and the risk of osteoporosis.
Conclusions

We found BMP-4 can be a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target of cadmium-associated bone damage.
Fuzzy Fault Tree Reliability Analysis Based on Improved T–S Model with Application to NC Turret
Authors: Wu Yue , Yang Zhaojun , Wang Jili , Hu Wei , Balakrishnan N. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In Takagi and Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA), the construction of T-S fuzzy gates relies too much on expert experience, which will result in inevitable subjective errors. In order to overcome this disadvantage, a new method was proposed which combined importance index with T-S fuzzy fault tree model to evaluate reliability of the events. The importance index of components can be solved through Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The proposed method is suitable for systems where exact information on the fault probabilities of the components and the magnitude of failure and effect on system are not available. The concept and calculation method of T-S probability importance was presented. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by analyzing the reliability of the sealing subsystem of the NC turret and the weak links of the system are obtained by the importance analysis, which will provide data for system fault diagnosis and preventive maintenance.
Genome-wide assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in Magnolia odoratissima based on SLAF-Seq
Authors: Zhang Tao , Li Xue , He Shuilian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Magnolia odoratissima is a highly threatened species with small populations and scattered distribution due to habitat fragmentation and human activity. The species is recognized as a Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations (PSESP) and is endemic to China. In the current study, the population structure and levels of genetic diversity of M. odoratissima in the five remaining natural populations and three cultivated populations were evaluated using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF-seq). A total of 180,650 SNP loci were found in seventy M. odoratissima individuals. The genome-wide Nei’s and Shannon’s nucleotide diversity indexes of the total M. odoratissima population were 0.3035 and 0.4695, respectively. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.1122 and 0.3011. Our results suggest that M. odoratissima has relatively high genetic diversity at the genomic level. FST and AMOVA indicated that high genetic differentiation existed among populations. A phylogenetic neighbor-joining tree, Bayesian model–based clustering and principal components analysis (PCA) all divided the studied M. odoratissima individuals into three distinct clusters. The Treemix analysis showed that there was low gene flow among the natural populations and a certain gene flow from the wild populations to the cultivated population (LS to KIB, and GN to JD). In addition, a total of 36 unique SNPs were detected as being significantly associated with environmental parameters (altitude, temperature and precipitation). These candidate SNPs were found to be involved in multiple pathways including several molecular functions and biological process, suggesting they may play key roles in environmental adaptation. Our results suggested that three distinct evolutionary significant units (ESUs) should be set up to conserve this critically endangered species.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Prophylactic Effects of Parsley (Petroselinum Crispum) on Sepsis Following Cecal Ligation and Puncture
Authors: Cagin Yasir Furkan , Kulaksiz Ihsan , Vardi Nigar , Parlakpinar Hakan , Ozhan Onural , Yildiz Azibe , Polat Alaadin , Tanbek Kevser , Arslan Ahmet Kadir 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims. Sepsis causes release of free oxygen radicals that destroy membrane integrity.We evaluated the antioxidant effects of parsley, Petroselinum crispum(Pc), which has been used therapeutically for centuries in Anatolia, using a rat model of sepsis caused by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).Methods.Wistar albino rats were separated into four groups of eight: a sham group with incised and sutured abdomen, a Pc extract(PcE) group was given 2 g/kg parsley extract for 14 days by gastric gavage, a CLP group with sepsis caused by CLP and a PcE + CLP group given parsley extract for 14 days, then made septic by CLP. PcE is given for 14 days and then sepsis is performed by the CLP procedure. Results. The groups were compared in terms of hemogram, biochemical and histological characteristics. It has been proven that the administration of PcE before CLP-induced sepsis increases neutrophil, PLT counts and TAS levels which decrease with sepsis and decreases biochemical changes (BUN, AST, ALT, LDH, TOS, OSI) which increase with sepsis, to have a protective effect on sepsis . In the PcE + CLP group, the severity of intestinal infiltration was decreased significantly compared to the CLP group; epithelial damage was similar to the CLP group. In the PcE + CLP group, the crypt and villus length was greater and the decrease in Paneth cell degranulation intensity was found to be more than for the CLP group ; also, the morphology of the cells was similar to the Sham group. Discussion. PcE exhibit potential for prophylaxis for sepsis.
Evaluation of Growth and Nutritional Status of Preschool Children: a Pilot Study in the Cold Area of China
Authors: Zhao Yan , Wang Nan , Cao Yue , Chen Xin , Sun Mengyun , Ma Lingyu , Dai Xuezheng 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe growth and development of children is influenced not only by heredity but also by environmental factors, including nutrition and temperature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and nutritional status of preschool children in Daxing’anling, the coldest region of China.MethodsA descriptive, cross-sectional survey was performed among preschool children aged 3 to 6 years by stratified cluster sampling in Daxing’anling. The children’s parents completed the questionnaires. Height, body weight and head circumference were measured, and Z scores for weight for height, weight for age, height for age and head circumference for age were evaluated. Anthropometric data were compared with World Health Organization standards and China’s growth references. The levels of vitamin A, E and 25-(OH)-D3 in serum were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsA total of 305 children were recruited. The average height of the preschool children was lower than China’s growth reference but higher than the WHO standard. More than half of the preschool children ranged from -1 SD to +1 SD. Both the values of weight for height and of weight for age were positive and higher than the WHO standards (P<0.01), with a significant difference between boys and girls (P<0.01). The incidence of stunting, wasting, and underweight were 4.59%, 2.95% and 2.30%, respectively, although the prevalence of overweight and obesity was high (18.03% and 6.89%, respectively). The rates of vitamin A and D deficiency were 7.54% and 88.85%, respectively. Vitamin A was also positively associated with 25-(OH)-D3.ConclusionsThe growth and nutritional status of preschool children were generally good, although the double burden of malnutrition was observed. Vitamin D deficiency should be paid much attention to. It is necessary and urgent to carry out nutritional interventions for health.
Development of a Novel Differential Duplex PCR for Pathogenic and Intermediate Leptospires: First Report of Intermediate Leptospira in Animal Sera in Argentina
Authors: Watanabe Olivia , Hasenauer Flavia C. , Brihuega Bibiana F. , Saraullo Vanina R. , Hamer Micaela , Martínez Mara L. , Loffler Sylvia Grune 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Even though leptospirosis is one of the most important zoonoses in the world, many of its aspects remain unknown, such as the distribution of different species and their pathogenicity for animals and humans. Results: Intermediate leptospiral DNA was detected in bovine sera samples from animals with abortion history from Argentina. We designed a novel duplex PCR, which differentiates pathogenic and intermediate leptospires in one single step. This new diagnostic method allowed the detection of intermediate leptospiral DNA in 4.38 % (n = 5/114) of the total analyzed bovine samples. Conclusions: These results highlight the need of further studies of intermediate species in our country, especially regarding their association to clinical disease in animals. Remarkably, this is the first report of detection of intermediate leptospires circulating in livestock animals in Argentina and the second report in the entire world.
Conducting Qualitative Research Under Pandemic Restrictions – Considerations, Challenges, and Benefits
Authors: Suslow Anastasia , Giehl Chantal , Hergesell Jannis , Vollmar Horst Christian , Otte Ina 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on professionals working in the medical area, resulting in a very high workload and tightened safety restrictions for physicians, nurses, caregivers, and patients. Medical professionals pose one of the main target groups in health services research. Their experiences contribute immensely to any research project aiming to improve delivery and quality of care. Furthermore, their input contributes significantly to gaining greater insight into the current handling of the pandemic and into what future improvements should be considered. In this paper, we discuss the challenges and benefits of conducting a qualitative research project under pandemic conditions by illustrating the progress of our research project ADAPTIVE. Methods: ADAPTIVE started in March 2020 and ended in August 2021. For data collection, we asked 26 participants to take part in an interview about using a web-based program to facilitate the exchange of patient information in multidisciplinary teams. Unfortunately, due to emerging hygiene regulations, corona-related restrictions, and the ongoing workload of medical professionals, the recruiting and interviewing process was challenging. Because of that we had to modify the original study design.Results: We discussed several adjustments for the data collection. However, the privacy policies of different clinics, professionals’ lack of experience with video calls, and participants’ poor internet connectivity eliminated the option of digital video interviewing. Alternatively, we interviewed participants by telephone. Nevertheless, telephone interviews come with limitations. Firstly, it may be difficult for participants to establish a trusting relationship with the interviewer. Secondly, non-verbal communication is lost during a telephone interview. Further, the focus group discussions initially planned had to be dismissed since a simultaneous gathering of the participants was not possible due several reasons. Conclusions: Qualitative research offers greater flexibility when adapting study designs and can, therefore, be successful, even under pandemic conditions. However, recruitment and data collection showed to be more time-consuming than under non-pandemic circumstances, and some methodological instruments such as focus groups were not possible. Trial registration: https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00021603 (Registration: 02. July 2020)
Cellular property and potential functions of insulin receptor (IR) induced by IGF-1/insulin on lung cancer cells
Authors: Ren Qiu , Tian Miao , Lin Lin , Zhang li juan , Zhang jia wen , Luo Wen , Zhang Wei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Under normal physiological conditions, insulin exhibited a series of important biological functions. However, more and more evidence indicate that insulin is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Recent studies have shown that insulin is also closely related to the occurrence and development of lung cancer. However, until now, the cellular properties of insulin/insulin receptors on lung cancer have not been fully revealed.
Methods

Indirect immunofluorescence, western-blot and other techniques have been used to identify the biological activity of insulin on lung cancer cell lines.
Results

The biological activity of insulin is closely related to its cell behavior. therefore we used lung cancer cell lines as a model to explore the cellular behavior and properties of insulin/IR in the current study, and the results showed that the IR can internalize into lung cancer cells, and it can also transport into the nucleus under insulin treatment. further study showed nuclear-localized IR could promote the proliferation of lung cancer cells. Taken together, this study shows that IR’s nuclear localization is closely related to cell proliferation.
Conclusions

This work lays the foundation for further research on relationship between insulin and the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
Gene Expression Meta-Analysis of Major Depressive Disorder and Its Relationship with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: WANG Ruihan , DUAN Jinghao , ZHENG Quan , CHEN Xueping 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are often co-existing in the elderly and have been suggested to share common pathological and physiological links. Understanding the connections between these two diseases could benefit for revealing new possible strategies of early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. Methods: we conducted a meta-analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MDD microarray datasets including 180 MDD and 281 control prefrontal cortex of brain samples. Using identified DEGs, we performed gene ontology (GO), pathway and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Results: We identified 1400 DEGs, of which 846 were upregulated and 554 was downregulated in MDD. 198 DEGs were found over-lapping between AD and MDD compared with the previous study on AD. The over-lapping DEGs were particularly enriched in the protein binding of gene ontology and Signal Transduction, Immune System, Metabolism of proteins as for pathways. CDC42 was the most important gene in PPI network which had the most connections with other genes.Conclusion: Our study shows that MDD and AD share significant common DEGs and pathways and add some new potential perspectives to the comprehensive neurobiologic model between MDD and the development of AD.
RETRACTED: Monitoring of Agricultural Conditions in Greenhouse Crops Using Edge Computing and IoT.
Authors: Ruiz Jesús Gil , Montenegro Franklin Guillermo , Roldan Daissi Bibiana Gonzalez , Monroy Gabriel Vargas , Montenegro-Marin Carlos Enrique , Fuente Javier Parra 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Left Atrial Appendage Morphology With the Progression of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Takaya Yoichi , Nakayama Rie , Yokohama Fumi , Toh Norihisa , Nakagawa Koji , Miyamoto Masakazu , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Left atrial appendage (LAA) size is crucial for determining the indication of transcatheter LAA closure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in LAA morphology according to the types of atrial fibrillation (AF). A total of 340 patients (mean age: 65 ± 15 years) who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were included. Patients were classified into non-AF (n = 105), paroxysmal AF (n = 86), persistent AF (n = 87), or long-standing persistent AF (n = 62). LAA morphology, including LAA ostial diameter and depth, was assessed using TEE. Patients with long-standing persistent AF had larger LAA ostial diameter and depth, greater LAA lobes, and lower LAA flow velocity. The maximum LAA ostial diameter was 19 ± 4 mm in patients with non-AF, 21 ± 4 mm in patients with paroxysmal AF, 23 ± 5 mm in patients with persistent AF, and 26 ± 5 mm in patients with long-standing persistent AF. LAA ostial diameter was increased by 2 or 3 mm with the progression of AF. LAA ostial diameter was correlated with LA volume index (R = 0.37, P < 0.01) and the duration of continuous AF (R = 0.30, P < 0.01), but not with age or the period from the onset of AF. LAA size, which is the determinant for selecting device size of transcatheter LAA closure, was increased with the progression of AF. Our findings have potential implications for therapeutic strategy of transcatheter LAA closure.
Severe Maternal Morbidity: Admission Shift From Intensive Care Unit to Obstetric High-dependency Unit
Authors: Gu Ning , Zheng Yaning , Dai Yimin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: To study temporal trends of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in obstetric population after the introduction of obstetric high-dependency unit (HDU).Methods: This is a retrospective study of consecutive obstetric patients admitted to the ICU/HDU in a provincial referral center in China from January 2014 to December 2019. The collected information included maternal demographic characteristics, indications for ICU and HDU admission, the length of ICU stay, the total length of in-hospital stay and APACHE II score. Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used to determine statistical significance. The temporal changes were assessed with chi-square test for linear trend.Results: A total of 40 412 women delivered and 447 (11.1‰) women were admitted to ICU in this 6-year period. The rate of ICU admission peaked at 15.9‰ in 2016 and then dropped to 6.7‰ in 2019 with the introduction of obstetric HDU. The average APACHE II score increased significantly from 6.8 to 12.3 (P<0.001) and the average length of ICU stay increased from 1.7 to 7.1 days (P<0.001). The main indications for maternal ICU admissions were hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (39.8%), cardiac disease (24.8%), and other medical disorders (21.5%); while the most common reasons for referring to HDU were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (46.5%) and obstetric hemorrhage (43.0%). After adjusting for the proportion of high-risk pregnancies, the establishment of HDU reduced 20% of ICU admission (aOR = 0.804, 95% CI =0.666-0.972).Conclusions: The introduction of HDU helps to reduce ICU utilization in obstetric population.