bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle Activity Asymmetry of the Lower Limbs During Sprinting in Elite Soccer Players
Authors: Pietraszewski Przemysław , Gołaś Artur , Matusiński Aleksander , Mrzygłód Sylwia , Mostowik Aleksandra , Maszczyk Adam 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The analysis of movement patterns through EMG activity provides the opportunity to identify the muscle groups most involved in a particular exercise, and to determine the scope of inter-limb deficiencies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a side-to-side muscle activity asymmetry between the left and the right lower limb during sprinting in soccer players. Sixteen professional soccer players took part in the study. Their age, body mass and body height equaled 23.7 ± 7.6 years, 81.2 ± 10.8 kg and 179.3 ± 12.2 cm, respectively. The sprint test consisted of two maximal sprints over 30 m with a 5-min rest interval between each sprint. EMG was recorded bilaterally from the quadriceps, hamstrings and gluteal muscles. Regression analysis revealed a significant effect of a side-to-side average muscle activity asymmetry between the left and right hamstring (LH/RH) muscles during the speed tests at 5 m (p = 0.044), and 30 m (p = 0.045), as well as the left and right glutes (LG/RG) at 5 m (p = 0.044) and 30 m (p = 0.043). Our results indicate that hamstring and glute muscles should be selectively and additionally activated during resistance training in soccer players to prevent injuries and improve sprint performance.
Key Points of the Management System for the Safety of Passengers Travelling with Low-Pressure Trains
Authors: Stryhunivska Olena , Gdowska Katarzyna , Rumin Rafał 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Due to the innovation of transport means based on hyperloop technology, the correctness of its functioning should be investigated in relation to many technical, economic and operational factors. This paper presents an analysis of the hyperloop technology from the point of view of ensuring safety of passengers while travelling in a low-pressure rail tunnel. The main subject of research was the design of hyperloop station infrastructure and the safety management system that will ensure the safety of passengers at the station in the sphere of atmospheric pressure, despite the station’s interaction with low-pressure tubes during entry and exit of the capsules. The safety management system also includes evacuation of passengers from low-pressure tubes in an emergency situation. The paper reviews the key issues of passenger safety in the hyperloop transport system, which are the source of justified and unfounded people’ fear of using this transport means despite its obvious advantages. The authors’ original achievement is the identification of critical points of passenger safety during their stay in the station area and during their journey through a low-pressure tunnel, as well as the design of a double airlock that can be used in the hyperloop tunnel at repeatable intervals with the aim of evacuating passengers to the atmospheric pressure zone. The designed solution allows to eliminate one of the significant weaknesses of the transport system using low-pressure rail.
An overview of hepatocellular carcinoma with atypical enhancement pattern: spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging findings with pathologic correlation
Authors: Kovac Jelena Djokic , Ivanovic Aleksandar , Milovanovic Tamara , Micev Marjan , Alessandrino Francesco , Gore Richard M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
In the setting of cirrhotic liver, the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is straightforward when typical imaging findings consisting of arterial hypervascularity followed by portal-venous washout are present in nodules larger than 1 cm. However, due to the complexity of hepatocarcinogenesis, not all HCCs present with typical vascular behaviour. Atypical forms such as hypervascular HCC without washout, isovascular or even hypovascular HCC can pose diagnostic dilemmas. In such cases, it is important to consider also the appearance of the nodules on diffusion-weighted imaging and hepatobiliary phase. In this regard, diffusion restriction and hypointensity on hepatobiliary phase are suggestive of malignancy. If both findings are present in hypervascular lesion without washout, or even in iso- or hypovascular lesion in cirrhotic liver, HCC should be considered. Moreover, other ancillary imaging findings such as the presence of the capsule, fat content, signal intensity on T2-weighted image favour the diagnosis of HCC. Another form of atypical HCCs are lesions which show hyperintensity on hepatobiliary phase. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to provide an overview of HCCs with atypical enhancement pattern, and focus on their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features.

Conclusions
In order to correctly characterize atypical HCC lesions in cirrhotic liver it is important to consider not only vascular behaviour of the nodule, but also ancillary MRI features, such as diffusion restriction, hepatobiliary phase hypointensity, and T2-weighted hyperintensity. Fat content, corona enhancement, mosaic architecture are other MRI feautures which favour the diagnosis of HCC even in the absence of typical vascular profile.
Analytic Gradients for Restricted Active Space Second-order Perturbation Theory (RASPT2)
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshio 
Published: April 2021

The computational cost of analytic derivatives in multireference perturbation theory is strongly affected by the size of the active space employed in the reference self-consistent field calculation. To overcome previous limits on active space size, the analytic gradients of single-state restricted active space second-order perturbation theory (RASPT2) and its complete active space variant (CASPT2) have been developed and implemented in a local version of OpenMolcas. Similar to previous implementations of CASPT2, the RASPT2 implementation employs the Lagrangian or Z-vector method.The numerical results show that restricted active spaces with up to 20 electrons in 20 orbitals can now be employed for geometry optimizations.
Phytosomes: A Promising Strategy for Enhanced Therapeutic Beneϐits of Phytochemicals
Authors: Kamal Saroha  , Parul Waliyan  , Rakesh Pahwa  , Shweta Pal  , Inderbir Singh  , Manish Kumar  
Published: April 2021

Phytosomes are phytochemical based novel drug delivery systems that lead to better absorption, greater bioavailability in addition to improved therapeutic efficacy of numerous phytoconstituents. It is a supremely advanced form of herbal formulations which contains the active phytoconstituent of herbal extract bound by phospholipid molecule. Additionally, these also act as vesicular systems for various fascinating and significant phytoactive. The phytosomes technique produces remarkable minute spheres or tiny cells, which is helpful in the protection of active phytochemical constituent from destruction by the gastric environment. Furthermore, phytosomes also reveal efficient pharmacokinetic as well as pharmacodynamic profile compared to conventional herbal extracts. The current manuscript is a cogent attempt to review the potential pharmacological benefits of herbal extracts by forming an impressive and successful phytophospholipid complex. Salient attributes, as well as promising and imperative applications of phytosomes, are illustrated in the manuscript. Recent advances in research endeavours, along with major inferences on effective phytosomal drug delivery systems, have also been highlighted.
Characteristics and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 in children tested in the early phase of the pandemic: a cross-sectional study, Italy, 23 February to 24 May 2020
Authors: Lazzerini Marzia , Sforzi Idanna , Trapani Sandra , Biban Paolo , Silvagni Davide , Villa Giovanna , Tibaldi Jessica , Bertacca Luca , Felici Enrico , Perricone Giuseppina , Parrino Roberta , Gioè Claudia , Lega Sara , Conte Mariasole , Marchetti Federico , Magista Annamaria , Berlese Paola , Martelossi Stefano , Vaienti Francesca , Valletta Enrico , Mauro Margherita , Dall’Amico Roberto , Fasoli Silvia , Gatto Antonio , Chiaretti Antonio , Dragovic Danica , Pascolo Paola , Pilotto Chiara , Liguoro Ilaria , Miorin Elisabetta , Saretta Francesca , Trobia Gian Luca , Di Stefano Antonella , Orlandi Azzurra , Cardinale Fabio , Lubrano Riccardo , Testa Alessia , Binotti Marco , Moressa Valentina , Barbi Egidio , Armocida Benedetta , Mariani Ilaria ,   on behalf of COVID-19 Italian Pediatric Study Network
Published: April 2021

Background
Very few studies describe factors associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in children.

Aim
We here describe characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis in children tested in 20 paediatric centres across Italy.

Methods
We included cases aged 0–18 years tested between 23 February and 24 May 2020. Our primary analysis focused on children tested because of symptoms/signs suggestive of COVID-19.

Results
Among 2,494 children tested, 2,148 (86.1%) had symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. Clinical presentation of confirmed COVID-19 cases included besides fever (82.4%) and respiratory signs or symptoms (60.4%) also gastrointestinal (18.2%), neurological (18.9%), cutaneous (3.8%) and other unspecific influenza-like presentations (17.8%). In multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity were: exposure history (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 39.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 17.52–90.55; p < 0.0001), cardiac disease (AOR: 3.10; 95% CI: 1.19–5.02; p < 0.0001), fever (AOR: 3.05%; 95% CI: 1.67–5.58; p = 0.0003) and anosmia/ageusia (AOR: 4.08; 95% CI: 1.69–9.84; p = 0.002). Among 190 (7.6%) children positive for SARS-CoV-2, only four (2.1%) required respiratory support and two (1.1%) were admitted to intensive care; all recovered.

Conclusion
Recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 testing in children should consider the evidence of broader clinical features. Exposure history, fever and anosmia/ageusia are strong risk factors in children for positive SARS-CoV-2 testing, while other symptoms did not help discriminate positive from negative individuals. This study confirms that COVID-19 was a mild disease in the general paediatric population in Italy. Further studies are needed to understand risk, clinical spectrum and outcomes of COVID-19 in children with pre-existing conditions.
Ensuring the safety of the functioning of mobile means of mechanization of vehicles and technological processes of AIC
Authors: Shkrabak Roman Vladimirovich 
Published: April 2021

Agricultural production is distinguished by a variety of activities carried out at all seasons of the year and in almost all soil and climatic zones, producing food products and raw materials. Almost a quarter of the volume of work in various zones of the country falls on transport and technological processes. The latter are characterized by road traffic accidents. Determining among them are vehicle collisions, which are accompanied by severe consequences every year. In 2018 alone, 71167 cases of road accidents due to collisions killed 7671 people and injured 109,717. Authors offered a well-grounded and developed strategy and tactics for the dynamic reduction and elimination of occupational injuries and diseases of people.
Petroleum exploration in Nepal
Authors: Bashyal R. P. 
Published: April 2021

The southern part of Nepal comprising of Terai plain and Churia foothills are the prospecting area for petroleum exploration. Geological, geochemical and seismic surveys are carried out during the last decade. Such investigations have indicated a fairly good source rocks in the Melpani and Swat formations of the Surkhet Group and also in the Gondwana and Lakharpata groups. Similarly, the reservoir and seal rocks are also adequately identified. The seismic survey confirms various kinds of traps. The oil generation, expulsion and migration are considered to have been contemporaneous with or to have postdated the formation of the traps.
His Majesty's Government of Nepal has designed a Production Sharing Contract with attractive work and fiscal terms including the "Seismic Option" and "No Ring Fencing" incentives. The promotional activities have resulted to conclude the petroleum agreements for exploration in Block 10 (Biratnagar) by Shell International (1986-1990) and Block 3 (Nepalgunj) and Block 5 (Chitwan) by Texana Resources Co., USA.
Stratigraphy and structure of the Peshawar basin, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Ahmad , Dipietro Joseph A. , Pogue Kevin R. 
Published: April 2021

The Peshawar intermontane basin is a broad, oval shaped and low-lying depression at the southern margin of the Himalaya. It lies to the north of the Attock-Cherat Range and contains rocks transitional between the sedimentary fold-thrust belt to the south and a metamorphic terranc to the north. The basin came into existence as the Kalachitta Range was faulted south on the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT pushing the Siwalik foreland basin still farther south. The basin sediments predominantly comprise of the lacustrine, deltaic and fluvial deposits, which arc overlain by loess, flood plain and alluvial fans of younger age. As a result of the present study, especially the findings of conodonts, the bedrock sequence of the Peshawar basin established previously, has been modified and revised. An almost complete sequence of rocks ranging from the Precambrian to Triassic age has been established for the first time in the Peshawar basin.
The study of the Landsat data, aerial photographs and subsequent field studies indicate presence of zone of late Quaternary deformation that extends across the southern margin of the Peshawar basin. Lacustrine, fluvial and alluvial fan deposits, which are dated at 2.8 to 0.6 Ma are tilted, folded and faulted along the four left-stepping pressure ridges that extend for nearly 60 km. Alluvial-fan and fluvial sediments are also folded and faulted in the Ghazi area where the base of the Indus River appears to be displaced by a reverse fault with its northwest side up. Additional minor lineaments and faults occur parallel and oblique to the major fault structures.
Seismites in the Kathmandu basin, Nepal
Authors: Gajurel A. P. , Huyghe P. , Lanord C. France- , Mugnier J. L. , Upreti B. N. , Fort P. Le 
Published: April 2021

The Kathmandu valley is a large intermontane basin carried above the Himalayan major decollement. It is limited southward by the Mahabharat Range, which forms the hanging wall of the Mahabharat Thrust, and northward by the Shivapuri Range. The Kathmandu basin is filled with a very thick (500-600 m) sequence of fluvio-lacustrine Plio-Pleistocene sediments, which unconformably overlie the folded and faulted Precambrian-Palaeozoic Kathmandu Complex. These semi-consolidated deposits mainly consist of fine to coarse sand, sandy loam, sandy silty clay, and gravely conglomerate.
New field data show that small-scale deformational structures occur in the lacustrine deposits of the central and southern parts of the Kathmandu basin. In Thimi section, these structures take place within sub­ horizontal clayey layers. They mainly consist of finely contorted and folded sandy layers which form balls and pillows of about 10-13cm thick. In a few places, the deformational structures are associated with small folds and micro-faults (normal and reverse faults), with micro-breccias and sand dykes. The convolute lamination structures show no preferential verging, thus, excluding shearing related to the influence of a palaeoslope. Such structures have been found in three different places and they were always confined to single stratigraphic horizons positioned between undisturbed parallel beds. The deformational structures described above show characteristics of seismites. The associated seismic events may be related to major earthquakes or movements along the active nearby faults. Earthquake-induced liquefaction and subtle variations in physiomechanical properties of water-saturated fine sandy sediments have probably controlled the deformational pattern.
Erosion and sedimentation problems in Nepal from the viewpoint of morphological development
Authors: Higaki Daisuke 
Published: April 2021

Three cases of disasters such as landslides, debris flows and unstable river courses are presented from the viewpoint of morphological development in Nepal. In the Tukuche village in the Higher Himalaya, shallow landslides occur in moraine deposits covered with recent fluvial deposits promoting bank erosion of the Kali Gandaki River. The slope towards the river bank composed of Quaternary glacial deposits should be noticed as landslide-prone areas in this region.
Alluvial fans are less developed and widths of river courses are larger on the rivers originating from the Upper Siwaliks than those from the Middle/Lower Siwaliks in the eastern Churia hills. Because material size produced from hill slopes is smaller in the former case than the latter case, less tractive force by river stream can transport river bed materials and erode river banks. Consequently, the river topography is altered dramatically. River course control works are very important for the former case.
Countermeasures for the torrents affected by debris flows in 1981 are also discussed in this paper. Distribution and volume of unstable deposits depend on the stage of morphological development of a torrent watershed. Analysis of morphological development was carried out on the basis of mapping and volume estimation of unstable deposits on the slopes and valley floors in two torrent watersheds of the Nallu Khola in the Mahabarat Range.
Landslide hazard mapping of Phewa Lake catchment area, Pokhara, central west Nepal
Authors: Sikrikar S. M. , Rimal L. N. , Jager S. 
Published: April 2021

The landslide hazard map of the Phewa Lake catchment area is based on empirical evaluation of the data related to slope instability, obtained through field investigation and various types of geo-scientific maps. The methodology includes making of different types of base maps of various factor that contribute to slope instability of the terrain. Some weighted values are derived for each factor taken into consideration by statistical analysis. According to their significance in slope failure, different numerical values are assigned to each factors. GIS technique is used for integrating all weighted values into final landslide hazard map.
By assessing the total weighted values in the final map, the catchment area is divided into high, medium and low hazard zones according to the chances of occurring landslides at specific area. Most of the existing old and active landslides fall within high hazard zone, which indicate the suitability of this method in preparing landslide hazard map.
Evaluation of the immune state activation in patients affected by ONJ: preliminary data
Authors: Roato Ilaria , Motta Chiara , Mussano Federico , Gambino Alessio , Erovigni Francesco Maria 
Published: April 2021

Bisphosphonate (BP)-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a serious adverse event characterized by non-healing necrotic bone tissue of mandible or maxilla. BPs target osteoclasts, inhibiting their action and blocking bone resorption, nonetheless an increased bone resorption in the oral cavity is associated to ONJ. One of the causes of ONJ is the dysregulation of the immune system, in particular the strong reduction of gamma/delta T cells circulating in peripheral blood (PB). The rate of circulating osteoclast precursors (OCPs) is altered in bone metastatic patients, suggesting a systemic alteration of osteoclast compartment, but we do not know wether it is altered in cancer patients affected by active lesion of ONJ induced by Zoledronic acid treatment. By flow cytometric analysis of patients’ and controls’ PB cells, we studied the presence of different T cell subsets, according to the expression of gamma/delta chains, CD4, CD8, CD25 and CD69 and of OCPs. We also evaluated the capability of PBMCs to spontaneously differentiate into osteoclasts _in vitro_, which is an index of pathological bone resorption. Our preliminary results confirmed in ONJ patients a marked reduction in gamma/delta T cells compared to their level befor patients started BP treatment. The subsets of activated T cells and OCPs were not significantly modified. In ONJ patients, _in vitro_ osteoclastogenesis was comparable to the one of healthy control, while before patients started BP treatment osteoclastogenesis was significantly increased. This result suggests that BPs correctly act in reducing the systemic activation of osteoclasts, associated to bone metastatic patients, as expected, but BPs fail to block osteoclast activity locally.
An Overview Of The Quality Of Nursing Services In Regional Public Hospital Liun Kendage Tahuna
Authors: Tooy Gracia Christy , Bajak Chatrina Maria Agustina 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Nursing services bring affect to the image of a hospital in the eyes of the public, which then demands the professionalism of nurses in providing and regulating nursing care activities. Facts indicate a serious problem in the quality of nursing services in Indonesia. data obtained in the field stated that 43% of the public expressed dissatisfaction with the nursing services organized by the health service.
Objective: The purpose of the study to identify the quality picture of nursing services is reviewed from the dimensions of reliability, empathy, responsiveness, assurance, and physical appearance (tangibility) of nurses at Liun Kendage Tahuna Regional Hospital in Sangihe Islands Regency.
Method: This research is a descriptive research using analytical survey method. The population of this research is all outpatients and inpatients at Liun kendage Tahuna Hospital. The sampling method used in this research is purposive sampling method with a total of 97 respondents.
Results: In this study, most respondents belonged to the productive age category of 25-54 years (55.7%) and the highest education achieved only to high school (35.1%). The results showed excellent reability dimension (99%), excellent empathy dimension (90.7%), excellent responsiveness dimension (93.8%), excellent assurance dimension (93.8%) as well as tangability dimensions that fall into the excellent category (80.4%).
Conclusion: The quality of nursing services at Liun Kendage Tahuna Hospital belongs to the excellent category. It is necessary to do some activities such as the following; routine evaluation activities, motivational activities to nurses to always look neat and clean and activities to maintain the cleanliness of existing health facilities..