bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Critical Care Outcome for Adult Patients Presenting to Emergency Department Using Initial Triage Information: An XGBoost Algorithm Analysis
Authors: Yun Hyoungju , Choi Jinwook , Park Jeong Ho 
Published: July 2021

Background
The emergency department (ED) triage system to classify and prioritize patients from high risk to less urgent continues to be a challenge.

Objective
This study, comprising 80,433 patients, aims to develop a machine learning algorithm prediction model of critical care outcomes for adult patients using information collected during ED triage and compare the performance with that of the baseline model using the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS).

Methods
To predict the need for critical care, we used 13 predictors from triage information: age, gender, mode of ED arrival, the time interval between onset and ED arrival, reason of ED visit, chief complaints, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, oxygen saturation, and level of consciousness. The baseline model with KTAS was developed using logistic regression, and the machine learning model with 13 variables was generated using extreme gradient boosting (XGB) and deep neural network (DNN) algorithms. The discrimination was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. The ability of calibration with Hosmer–Lemeshow test and reclassification with net reclassification index were evaluated. The calibration plot and partial dependence plot were used in the analysis.

Results
The AUROC of the model with the full set of variables (0.833-0.861) was better than that of the baseline model (0.796). The XGB model of AUROC 0.861 (95% CI 0.848-0.874) showed a higher discriminative performance than the DNN model of 0.833 (95% CI 0.819-0.848). The XGB and DNN models proved better reclassification than the baseline model with a positive net reclassification index. The XGB models were well-calibrated (Hosmer-Lemeshow test; P>.05); however, the DNN showed poor calibration power (Hosmer-Lemeshow test; P<.001). We further interpreted the nonlinear association between variables and critical care prediction.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that the performance of the XGB model using initial information at ED triage for predicting patients in need of critical care outperformed the conventional model with KTAS.
Analisis Persebaran Luapan Air Pasang Dengan Permodelan Hidrotopografi Di Desa Losari Lor Kecamatan Losari Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Prayogi Rendy , Suwarno  , Sakinah Fathrunnadi Shalihati  
Published: July 2021

ABSTRAK
Banjir akibat air laut pasang terjadi pada lahan pertanian dan merusak saluran-saluran pembawa air di Desa Losari Lor Kabupaten Brebes. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menganalisis tipe dan waku pasang surut, menganalisis kedudukan elevasi muka air laut, dan menganalisis persebaran luapan air pasang pada lokasi tersebut dengan permodelan hidrotopografi. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, interpetasi citra dan analisis dokumen kejadian pasang surut. Data diolah dengan software Matlab 2008a compailer 8.0 dan ArcGIS 10.4. Analisis hidrotopografi dilakukan melalui perbandingan nilai muka air saat terjadi pasang dengan DEM ketinggian tempat, kemudian di overlay dengan peta penggunaan lahan untuk mengidentifikasi lokasi persebaran luapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tipe pasang surut di Desa Losari Lor termasuk kedalam tipe Mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal. Pasang tertinggi HHWL terjadi di bulan Februari dengan nilai 0,470 m dan pasang terrendah LLWL terjadi pada bulan April dengan nilai -0,440 m. Kondisi topografi di lokasi penelitian berada pada ketinggian 0-2,5 m pada titik terendah dan tertinggi >2,5 m atau mencapai 10,8 mdpl. Analisis permodelan hidrotopografi juga menunjukkan area luapan air pasang tersebar di 124,18 Ha, meliputi penggunaan lahan berupa tambak, sawah irigasi, area terbuka atau tanah kosong, kebun campuran, pemukiman, sarana pendidikan dan olahraga serta bangunaan perdagangan dan jasa.
Projeto Alfa Tuning América Latina
Authors: Souza Luciane Cristina Del Ben de 
Published: July 2021

Este artigo analisa o reflexo do Projeto Alfa Tuning América Latina (PATAL) no Projeto Pedagógico de Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), considerando o sistema de créditos, com a finalidade de verificar se, e, em que medida, a metodologia do PATAL está em sintonia com as propostas apresentadas no documento institucional. Para tanto, busca-se como orientação metodológica a pesquisa qualitativa conduzida por uma análise bibliográfica e documental. A investigação revelou que embora o Projeto Tuning América Latina não seja mencionado explicitamente no projeto pedagógico supracitado, sua influência pode ser observada por meio de algumas mudanças e adequações realizadas nos últimos anos pela UFC com vistas a construir e implementar as medidas do tempo de trabalho/estudo do aluno, o que pode contribuir sobremaneira na promoção da mobilidade acadêmica.
Sistem Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Kegagalan Dalam Perlindungan Data Pribadi Di Indonesia
Authors: Hertianto M Rafifnafia 
Published: July 2021

Belum adanya regulasi di Indonesia yang mengatur secara khusus mengenai perlindungan data pribadi membuat ancaman adanya tindakan tidak sah dan/atau melawan hukum terhadap data pribadi semakin meningkat seiring dengan tingginya laju perkembangan teknologi dan penetrasi teknologi informasi. Situasi ini tentu menjadi hambatan bagi upaya penegakan hukum terhadap kegagalan perlindungan data pribadi oleh pihak-pihak tertentu yang seringkali menempatkan sekelompok masyarakat ataupun warga negara sebagai korban yang tidak dapat mengakses keadilan terhadap peristiwa yang merugikan data pribadi mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk penegakan hukum pelanggaran data pribadi dalam ruang lingkup hukum perlindungan data pribadi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan serta perbandingan dan menggunakan data sekunder yang kemudian dilakukan analisis untuk merumuskan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem penegakan hukum terhadap kegagalan perlindungan data pribadi di Indonesia masih belum berjalan efektif meskipun Indonesia telah memiliki beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur hal serupa yang disebabkan oleh faktor belum adanya pengaturan yang jelas, pelaku penyerangan yang anonim, terlambatnya respons pengelola data pribadi, kualitas aparat penegak hukum, dan tidak adanya lembaga yang berfokus pada perlindungan data pribadi
The role of social customer relations management in achieving outstanding performance / a survey of the views of a sample of managers and executives in a number of small service projects in the city of Duhok
Authors: OTHMAN HILOVAN HUSNI , Abdulaziz Ferhad Abbas 
Published: July 2021

This aims of research is to identify the role of social customer relationship management in achieving outstanding performance. The research problem represents that the idea of social customer relationship management and the lack of understanding of its significance in achieving outstanding results are not completely perceived. Researchers have relied on the social customer relationship management as an independent variable and outstanding performance as a dependent variable. For research, a number of hypotheses have been formulated, the most important of which are: -1- There is direct correlations between the social customer relationship management as the independent variable level and the distinct performance as dependent variable at aggregate level, and a number of partial hypotheses are subdivide at the two dimensional level.2- There is a significant impact of the social customer relationship management as the independent variable on the distinct performance as dependent variable at aggregate level. The research depends on the questionnaire as a main tool for collecting field data, and using a number of statistical methods in analyzing the data. The most substantial results that research accomplished is there understanding of the sample examined to both the concept of social customer relationship management and outstanding performance, however there were lack awareness of concepts, and it follows from statistical analysis that there is a strong correlation and impact between social customer relationship management and outstanding performance. In the light of these conclusions, the study has made numbers of suggestion that serve the field sought from, perhaps the most important embodied the need to increase the concentrate by the departments of small projects on the philosophy of social customer relationship management, because of its emergence as a variable affecting all the research hypotheses, and this is an important indicator in the awareness of senior
Sustainability. The End of Finance as It Was
Authors: Gómez Gutiérrez Torrenova Manuel 
Published: July 2021

It is undeniable that sustainability has become one of the hottest discussion subjects nowadays. From a broad perspective, the ramifications of sustainability reach almost all of the social, political and economic territories. However, on many occasions, the lightness and superficiality with which the terms related to this matter are handled, make us think that it could be just a temporary fashion. We must not confuse ourselves. The truth is that we are witnessing profound changes in the socio-economic system that unveil a paradigm shift. If we set sustainability aside for a second, and we look from a pure socio-economic perspective, it becomes obvious that we are in the middle of an intergenerational wealth transfer of approximately 30 trillion dollars from the so-called baby boomers to their successors. And these successors - not just millennials, but people in their 30s to 40s - simply think about their economic decisions differently. Consequently, institutional investors have changed gears in their economic vision as well.It is the end of finance as it was. The consideration of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) factors into economic decisions represent not just a fashion but a new reality. A reality that represents a sizable challenge that, in many ways, comes along with plenty of controversy. In practice, it means the consideration of environmental, social and governance factors along with financial factors in the economic decision-making process. And this is a fundamental change for the financial and capital management world. The new paradigm confronts two main forces that can adopt different names, denominations or justifications: sustainability vs profitability, ESG vs financial performance, environment vs profit, etc. In sum, many economic operators may think that ESG factors could compromise financial performance. Is this reflection true or is it just an excuse for those anchored in certain patterns? This analysis will deep dive into the rational behind the current changes in the finance and capital markets to align its structures and business models to the new sustainable economy.10 keys explain the importance of sustainability in today’s finance world. These 10 macro trends are behind a profound transformation movement in the financial market setting up a new pace and new business patterns. It is the end of finance as it was.
Organizational Barriers which are Facing Electronic Government Implementation: The Electronic Government Implementation Framework
Authors: Saleh Saman , A. Nakshabandi Omar , Zeebaree Mosleh , Ismael Goran Yousif , Aqel Musbah 
Published: July 2021

Investigating e-government specified a few organizational barriers to e-government implementation. This paper proposes a framework for examining how organizational barriers affect the application of e-government. Frame creation depends on three main organizational dimensions. First, the organizational main dimensions, which are related to the culture of the organization, include (control system, strategic direction, integration, and coordination). Second, the organizational main dimensions which are related to the structure of the organization include (adaptability, involvement, integration, agreement, reword, and incentive system). Third, the organizational main dimensions, which are related to Information Technology, include (information transfer, Communication, end-user focus, and employee learning). We initiate those organizational obstacles which are recognized in major electronic government literature linked to the organizational culture effectiveness and dimensions. The conclusion is that the framework is related to understand organizational barriers which prompt the implementation of electronic government. This research is limited to the framework that has been developed based on the lens of e-government literature in the application theory. It is now necessary to test this model in different contexts. This study tries to demonstrate that key that impedes the factors that are associated with the implementation and enhancement of the e-government system. There must be more attention to the progress made in e-government projects quickly and accurately. Thus, there is a strong commitment on the part of each government to implement e-government services.
Lithostratigraphy of the Naros Granite (Komsberg Suite), South Africa and Namibia
Authors: Macey P.H. , Thomas R.J. , Smith H.P. , Frei D. , le Roux P.J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Naros Granite occurs as a large, northwest-trending ovoid batholith roughly 30 km long and 15 km wide straddling the Orange River border between South Africa and Namibia, 25 km northeast of Onseepkans. It consists mainly of a leucocratic to mesocratic grey, coarse-grained equigranular hornblende-biotite granite-granodiorite that is locally mildly feldspar porphyritic. Small, ovoid mafic autoliths are common and characteristic of the Naros Granite. The composition of the unit varies from granite to granodiorite with a minor leucogranitic phase observed along the southern margin of the batholith. Hornblende and biotite are ubiquitous mafic minerals but small amounts of orthopyroxene occur locally. The Naros Granite has yielded tightly-constrained U-Pb zircon ages between 1 114 Ma and 1 101 Ma.
The Naros Granite is generally unfoliated to weakly deformed with only localised shearing along contacts with the surrounding country rocks giving rise to orthogneissic fabrics. It has an intermediate to felsic composition (mean SiO2: 63.9 ± 2.2 wt.%) and is strongly metaluminous. This, together with its biotite-hornblende ± orthopyroxene mineral assemblage and the abundance of mafic autoliths, suggests it is an I-type granitoid, with the source magma produced by partial melting of older igneous rocks that had not undergone any significant chemical weathering.
The Naros Granite is the youngest and most evolved member of the ~1.11 Ga Komsberg Suite, a collection of late- to post-tectonic I-type metaluminous, intermediate to felsic, biotite ± hornblende granitoids and their charnockitic equivalents that have intruded the older pre-tectonic gneisses of the Kakamas Domain of the Namaqua Metamorphic Sector.
Reversal of cognitive, behavioral, and language impairments after the left frontal arachnoid cyst fenestration in a pediatric patient
Authors: Maxwell Christina R. , Joshi Neal , Feller Christina N. , McAree Michael , Hedayat Hirad S. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Arachnoid cysts (ACs) are cerebrospinal fluid-containing cysts located between the surface of the brain or spinal cord and arachnoid layer of the leptomeninges. ACs have been known to cause cognitive, language, and behavioral deficits and currently there is no standard treatment paradigm. Surgical indications include papilledema, increasing growth with mass effect causing neurological deficit, or rapid head growth, however, cognitive symptoms related to mass effect may not always be considered.

Case Description:
We present a 3-year-old male with an AC of the left anterior fossa causing frontal lobe compression with resultant behavioral, language, and cognitive deficits.

Conclusion:
Surgical intervention for AC decompression may be indicated when there are cognitive, behavioral, or language delays related to the mass effect and location of the AC. Neuropsychiatric testing or more advanced imaging studies may further support surgical treatment. After craniotomy for fenestration of the left frontal AC, there was drastic improvement in cognitive, language, and behavioral symptoms in our pediatric patient.
Surgical histopathology of a filar anomaly as an additional tethering element associated with closed spinal dysraphism of primary neurulation failure
Authors: Morioka Takato , Murakami Nobuya , Suzuki Satoshi O. , Mukae Nobutaka , Shimogawa Takafumi , Kurogi Ai , Shono Tadahisa , Mizoguchi Masahiro 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Closed spinal dysraphism of primary neurulation failure could be associated with filar anomalies, such as filar lipoma or thickened and tight filum terminale (TFT), resulting from impaired secondary neurulation. Retained medullary cord (RMC) is a remnant of the cavitary medullary cord originating from the secondary neurulation failure. Some filar lipomas are known to contain a central canal-like ependyma-lined lumen with surrounding neuroglial tissues (E-LC w/NGT), that is, a characteristic histopathology of RMC. To clarify the embryological background of these filar anomalies, we evaluated the histopathological findings.

Methods:
Among 41 patients with lesions of primary neurulation failure who underwent initial untethering surgery, the filum including cord-like structure (C-LS) was additionally resected in 10 patients (five dorsal and transitional lipomas; five limited dorsal myeloschisis). We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, neuroradiological, intraoperative, and histopathological findings.

Results:
Among 10 patients, two patients were diagnosed with RMC based on morphological features and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. The diagnosis of filar lipoma was made in six patients, since various amounts of fibroadipose tissue were histopathologically noted in the filum. Two patients were diagnosed with TFT, since the filum was composed solely of fibrocollagenous tissue. E-LC w/NGT was noted not only in both C-LSs of RMCs but also in two out of six fila both with filar lipomas and fila with TFTs.

Conclusion:
These findings provide further evidence for the idea that entities, such as filar lipoma, TFT, and RMC, can be considered consequences of a continuum of regression failure occurring during late secondary neurulation.
Multiple hippocampal transections for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Pitskhelauri David , Kudieva Elina , Kamenetskaya Maria , Kozlova Antonina , Vlasov Pavel , Dombaanai Baiyr , Eliseeva Natalia , Shishkina Lyudmila , Sanikidze Alexander , Shults Evgeniy , Moshev Dmitriy , Pronin Igor , Melikyan Armen 
Published: July 2021

Background:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of multiple hippocampal transections (MHT) in the treatment of drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Methods:
Six patients underwent MHT at Burdenko Neurosurgery Center in 2018. The age of the patients varied from 18 to 43 years. All patients suffered from refractory epilepsy caused by focal lesions of the mesial temporal complex or temporal pole in dominant side. Postoperative pathology revealed neuronal-glial tumors in two patients, focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) of the temporal pole – in two patients, cavernous angioma – in one patient, and encephalocele of the preuncal area – in one patient.

Results:
All patients underwent surgery satisfactorily. There were no postoperative complications except for homonymous superior quadrantanopia. This kind of visual field loss was noted in four cases out of six. During the follow-up period five patients out of six had Engel Class I outcome (83.3%). In one case, seizures developed after 1 month in a patient with FCD in the uncus (Engel IVA). After surgery, three out of six patients developed significant nominative aphasia. Two patients relative to the preoperative level demonstrated improvement in delayed verbal memory after MHT. Two patients showed a decrease level in delayed verbal memory. In preoperative period, visual memory was below the normal in one patient. Delayed visual memory in two cases impaired compared to the preoperative level.

Conclusion:
MHT can be considered as an effective method of drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy caused by tumors of the medial temporal complex. At the same time, MHT makes it possible to preserve memory in patients with structurally preserved hippocampus. However, MHT do not guarantee the preservation of memory after surgery.
Delayed Collet-Sicard syndrome after internal carotid dissection and Jefferson fracture. Case report and Review of Literature
Authors: Al-Shabibi Talal , Hamdi Hussein , Balaha Ahmed , Ghoraba Yasser , Kaya Jean-Marc 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Lower cranial nerve palsies, or Collet-Sicard syndrome, can be caused by many different etiologies including head trauma, basilar occipital fractures, tumors, and interventions. Few reports describe different presentations of this condition, and we present here a case study to increase awareness of and add to the variable spectrum.

Case Description:
A 56-year-old who had been hit while diving was admitted to our department. On examination, he was conscious without any signs of lateralization but presented with severe neck pain. CT brain and cervical spine revealed a C1 fracture with bilateral symmetrical fracture of the anterior and posterior arches (Jefferson’s fracture) and slight bilateral joint dislocation C1-C2 discreetly predominant on the left. One week later, he presented with dysarthria, dysphonia, swallowing disorder, anisocoria, tongue deviation, and palate deviation (XII, IX, and X). CT Angiography showed dissection of the internal carotid artery immediately after the carotid bulb. He has been treated conservatively with curative anticoagulants with stable symptoms. No surgical intervention had been proposed.

Conclusion:
Adding to the literature, delayed Collet-Sicard syndrome and lower cranial affection can be caused by missed carotid wall hematoma following severe craniocervical trauma associated with Jefferson’s fracture.