bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of high precision telescopic instrument characterization on multilateration points accuracy
Authors: Aguado S , Brosed F J , Acero R , Aguilar J J , Santolaria J , Pueo M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Currently accuracy of manufacturing machines is a must. Verification is the main way to obtain it; highlighting the volumetric verification as the best technique to improve machine tool position accuracy along all its workspace in the shortest time possible. In this way, different measurements based on multilateration techniques like laser tracker and laser tracer are used. This paper studies how characteristics of a new high precision telescopic system consisting in three lines, with measuring principle based on simultaneous laser affect multilateration accuracy to obtain 3D coordinates. The paper analyses instrument characterising both the design, the components and their operation. Moreover, tests carried out study how instruments behavior affect to the accuracy of data capture using analytical and optimization techniques, proving an error estimation depending on the technique used.
Analysis of the effect of porosity on the mechanical behaviour of L-PBF Inconel 718 using XRCT
Authors: Pascual A , Ortega N , Plaza S , Holgado I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The scope of this work is to assess the influence of porosity on the mechanical behaviour of L-PBF Inconel 718. To this end, some test specimens were manufactured by L-PBF, according to ASTM E8/E8M. Afterwards, these specimens were scanned by means of XRCT in order to analyse the porosity of each one. The XRCT geometry generated by the previous step were used for FEM analysis. Finally, the results obtained by the analysis were correlated with the experimental results, highlighting the promising future of the proposed methodology.
Tribological characterization of Fused Deposition Modelling parts
Authors: Batista M , Blanco D , Del Sol I , Piñero D , Vazquez J M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The customisation or redesign of parts for Additive Manufacturing (AM) to meet the design requirements is an increasing trend. In this context, numerous studies related to the improvement of the mechanical properties of Additive Manufacturing parts used for static applications are emerging. However, the use of these parts in dynamic applications or in relative movement situations has not been deeply developed. Some studies have been focused on the fatigue properties of AM parts while few authors have analysed the sliding behaviour of these parts. This paper presents a characterisation of the wear behaviour of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) parts using Pin-on-Disc techniques with the aim of studying their possible implementation in dynamic applications.
Development of a Nakazima formability test methodology for high temperature applications on titanium alloys sheet metal
Authors: Ayllón J , Miguel V , Martínez A , Coello J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Forming Limit Curves (FLCs) in applications of hard-to-form materials results essential to optimise the complex forming processes involved. The need of applying high temperature in most of these applications increases the importance of FLCs for cost-effective procedure designs. Nevertheless, either a lack of knowledge is detected relative to this field in literature, or the experimental methods proposed to obtain FLCs result complex to be executed. In the present work, an easy-to-use methodology based on the traditional Nakazima test is proposed and the research has been applied to different titanium alloys. For that, a heated Nakazima device was developed and some new geometry for test samples was proposed. The results agree with those obtained by other authors in similar conditions, what validates the approach developed herein.
Control strategies comparison for a multi-stage assembly system using simulation
Authors: Benavent S , Rosado P , Romero F , Abellán J V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The goal of Zero Defect Manufacturing (ZDM) is to reduce part scrap by compensating manufacturing deviations and avoiding their propagation on multi-stage production systems. In particular, the joint use of in-process measuring and flexible locating systems enables the application of different control strategies to proactively improve the geometrical quality of the product and to achieve the productivity targets. In this work, focused on the production quality paradigm, two compensation strategies based on the adjustment of part locators are simulated to compare how different control loops can reduce the out-of-control parts in multi-stage assembly systems. For this purpose, a simulation tool developed on OpenModelica is used taking into account the logistic flow and the quality characteristics flow based on the Stream of Variation model.
Digital twin for the integration of the automatic transport and manufacturing processes
Authors: Martínez* A , Díez J , Verde P , Ferrero R , Álvarez R , Perez H , Vizán A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Simulation techniques for time calculation in industrial transport are not currently deterministic. This supposes a time uncertainty in production planning with economic implications. The digitization promoted by Industry 4.0 allows the automation of transport in manufacturing processes. In this way, the Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) performance can be simulated to obtain more accurate results. The definition of a virtual simulation environment through digital twins is an incipient area of research in this field. Digital twins achieve this purpose without intervening in the physical world thus minimising costs. In order to facilitate the use of digital twins, in this paper, we implement a web-based simulation service to improve the user experience. The user will be able to pose hypotheses and visualise the execution in real-time. The techniques implemented for the simulations are based on Robot Operating System (ROS) within the Gazebo environment, IIoT communications require the Node-network programming environment which is in charge of the hyperconnectivity and the creation of the user interface.
Productivity tool for automated guided vehicles: OEE indicator perspective
Authors: Ng Corrales L C , Lambán M P , Royo J A , Hernández M E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Productivity is a measurement of the efficiency of the resources, constant changes in the environment promote that companies regularly measure their activities. This study aims to define a new metric based conceptually on the traditional OEE. The new indicator measures the efficiency of logistic equipment in this case a system of automated handling: automated guided vehicles (AGVs). The indicator was developed by parameterizing the variables and defining the losses found in the process. It was applied in a factory of car parts and spare parts, two AVGs were analyzed in two different routes. The new indicator was effectively adapted to measure the performance of a logistics equipment. The OEEagv results obtained are those expected by the company, although some authors value the indicator with a higher percentage. Also, the result has shown that a new route could be added for more efficient use of the two AGVs.
Design of a conceptual model for manufacturing companies within the 4th industrial revolution applying the Viable System model
Authors: Gallego S , García M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The initiative created under the name “Industry 4.0” in 2011 [3] can help to strengthen the competitiveness of those manufacturing companies [4] able to adapt themselves to this fourth wave of technological advancement driven by various technological advances [5]. Most manufacturing companies have developed departments and initiated projects around the concept Industry 4.0. However, many of them lack the purpose, the organizational acceptance, and the alignment of those activities with the organization´s strategy. Therefore, the aim of this research is to design a conceptual model for improving organizational capabilities thanks to industry 4.0. For this development, the Viable System Model (VSM) was selected as methodological approach. The conceptual model determines the relations between technical areas, technologies, and organizational strategy. The model for Industry 4.0 can help manufacturing companies serving as a guidance for future organizational structure, projects, and activities selection as well as to determine areas with higher potentials according to the status of its technologies and their related current and future capabilities.
Study of additive manufacturing techniques to obtain tactile graphics
Authors: Serrano J , Bruscas G M , Abellán J V , Lázaro R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Tactile graphics (TG) are intended to facilitate communication for people with total or partial visual impairment. For this purpose, TG include elements in relief that can be perceived through the sense of touch. TG can be fixed or portable. Fixed TG are expensive, as they are typically produced in very short runs, mostly single part production. Portable TG can be made by thermoforming polymer sheets, but a mould is still required, even though production runs are short (some tens). For this reason, the use of Rapid Manufacturing (RM) and Rapid Tooling (RT) strategies to manufacture TG can be of great interest. In this work, a literature review to study the application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) to obtain TG, both as RM and RT, is carried out. The review reveals the suitability of AM techniques to manufacture TG. In addition, some AM techniques are analysed to be used for a new type of TG, which is based on the deposition of glaze on ceramic tiles.
An overview of the Additive Manufacturing capabilities in the development of rehabilitation products with customized elastic properties
Authors: De La Rosa S , Mayuet P F , Rodríguez L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The advantages of AM (Additive Manufacturing) to manufacture complex geometries and custom flexible structures (shape, density, geometry etc.) provides the possibility to use the elastic properties of different materials to design elastic products with “customized” properties in order to obtain damping profiles that could be adapted to a specific energy absorbing application. One of the most widely used materials in the sense of the above is TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane). Several compression studies of porous TPU structures proven its effectiveness for shock absorption and have shown that the amount of energy absorbed is influenced by the density of the structure and the type of geometry used, among other parameters. This highlights the possibility of customizing the elastic behaviour of structures and could be implemented in rehabilitation programs which usually use elastic products with highly specific levels of resistance, harder or softer, to try not to strain injured muscles under dynamic loading conditions. However, a high percentage of the current research results is related to the development of support rehabilitation products under static loading conditions such as prostheses and orthotics. This paper aims to overview the current state of additive manufacturing capabilities in the development of rehabilitation products with customized elastic properties.
Occupational health and safety start at school of engineering
Authors: Ramirez M , Pastor A , Diaz E , Piñero D , Batista M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The occupational risk prevention has been the subject of study for many years, but it could be said that in Spain, it is from the promulgation of laws in this regard when it becomes more important in view of the need to reduce the accident rate in all professions. Focusing on the engineering profession, the need arises to know if in their training stages, this matter is contemplated by developing a preventive culture in the person that helps to become familiar with and minimize risks. That is why this study aims to find out how this subject is dealt with in Spanish universities. To this end, it proposes the study through the Spanish universities best positioned in international rankings such as the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) and Quacquarelli Symonds, known as QS World University Ranking. The results of the study show that Spanish universities are not very well disposed towards this subject, thus depriving future engineers of the acquisition of competencies related to risk prevention.
Impact of the current production, supply and consumption standards on the sustainable development goals
Authors: Prado H J , Domingo R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Since the industry keeps on evolving, the humankind does not stop squeezing the natural resources and the production standards are set in opposition to the sustainability ideals; the condition of the planet to properly host living beings and the wellbeing of the ecosystems are jeopardized. Lack of concrete data showing the damage caused to the ecosystems prevents leaders, scientists, enterprises and the society overall from making the right decisions to break the vicious circle in which the humanity appears to be captive. Moreover, the role of the industry becomes crucial in order to respond properly and promptly to the climate emergency. This paper compiles the most reliable and current statistics that are key to evaluate and understand the degradation of the planet as well as the initiatives and targets which must be considered in order to tackle the environmental challenges. Furthermore, it aims at changing the industry towards a more sustainable production and use of resources, driven by the Sustainable Development Goals and in particular, by the decarbonization of the industrial activities.
Sustainable and advanced manufacturing processes of light structural materials of the transport sector
Authors: Blanco D , Rubio E M , Marín M M , Camacho A M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract30% of emissions in the European Union (EU) originate from transport, and there are commitments by all sectors involved, road transport, civil aviation and maritime for a progressive reduction. The mass of the vehicles has a significant influence on their consumption and emissions, so there is a need to replace traditional heavy materials with light structural materials or combinations of them, and to optimise their manufacturing processes. This work reviews the scientific literature published during the period 2015-19. Aiming to select the most relevant articles minimizing the bias, a search strategy is defined, applied in the Web of Science database, and the selection limited to publications in Open Access, English, Q1-Q2 journals or prestigious conference proceedings, from 01/01/2015 to 01/01/2020. The final objective of the work is to provide a global perspective of the latest trends in studies on light structural materials with application in the aeronautical and/or automotive fields, of studies oriented towards sustainability, and with a special interest in those that apply advanced manufacturing and/or machining processes.
Flipped Classroom and gamification in Automated Manufacturing lab classes
Authors: Meana V , Rico J C , Valiño G , Peña F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There is an increase in Higher Education initiatives focused on educational innovation and the Flipped Classroom paradigm are emerging as an increasingly expanded option. This paper deals with the implementation of the Flipped Classroom methodology in the laboratory practice sessions of the subject Automated Manufacturing of the Mechanical Engineering Degree. This methodology has been combined with questionnaires through Kahoot, a simple and versatile freeware platform. To carry out this study, additional audio-visual material was developed to illustrate the content of the practices so students could prepare them in advance. Once recorded and edited, the videos were made available through the Virtual Campus. Doing questionnaires at the beginning, and repeated at the end of the sessions, has been an element of reinforcement of learning while stimulating active participation during the classes. It was also a motivating element to work on skills such as proactivity, work organization, teamwork and time management. The students knew beforehand that the result of the questionnaires would influence the grade corresponding to the continuous evaluation. The result of this research concludes that the Flipped Classroom paradigm combined with gamification allows the students to reach good learning outcomes getting them engaged.
Metrics for assessing the economic impacts of power sector climate and clean electricity policies
Authors: Bistline John 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Modeling tools are increasingly used to inform and evaluate proposed power sector climate and clean electricity policies such as renewable portfolio and clean electricity standards, carbon pricing, emissions caps, and tax incentives. However, claims about economic and environmental impacts often lack transparency and may be based on incomplete metrics that can obscure differences in policy design. This paper examines model-based metrics used to assess the economic efficiency impacts of prospective electric sector policies. The appropriateness of alternative metrics varies by context, model, audience, and application, depending on the prioritization of comprehensiveness, measurability, transparency, and credible precision. This paper provides guidance for the modeling community on calculating and communicating cost metrics and for consumers of model outputs on interpreting these economic indicators. Using an illustrative example of clean electricity standards in the US power sector, model outputs highlight strengths and limitations of different cost metrics. Transformations of power systems with lower-carbon resources and zero-marginal-cost generation may entail shifts in when and where system costs are incurred, and given how these changes may not be appropriately reflected in metrics that were commonly reported in the past such as wholesale energy prices, showing a decomposition of system costs across standard reporting categories could be a more robust reporting practice. Ultimately, providing better metrics is only one element in a portfolio of transparency-related practices, and although it is insufficient by itself, such reporting can help to move dialogues in more productive directions and encourage better modeling practices.
Case report: successful emergent transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement within failing pulmonary artery conduit in the setting of cardiogenic shock with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support
Authors: Sabbak Nabil , Ghobrial Joanna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support with successful decannulation as a bridge to recovery in a young adult with complex congenital heart disease.

Case summary
We describe a 24-year-old male patient with a history of D-transposition of the great arteries with ventricular septal defect status post-Rastelli repair at age three lost to follow-up and presenting with severe biventricular failure, left ventricular thrombus, and critical pulmonary conduit stenosis, deemed non-surgical and non-transplant candidate, who underwent conduit stenting and TPVR in the setting of cardiogenic shock. Upon intubation for general anaesthesia, the patient suffered from ventricular tachycardia arrest requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation and veno-arterial ECMO. Once stabilized, conduit stenting and TPVR was performed with significant haemodynamic improvement and immediate ECMO decannulation with subsequent biventricular function improvement.

Discussion
In critically ill patients with complex congenital heart disease that are neither surgical nor transplant candidates, ECMO support can be used as a means of support during a transcatheter intervention to improve haemodynamics and a bridge to recovery, allowing time for future potential candidacy for surgery or transplantation as indicated. Patients with congenital heart disease need regular follow-up in specialty clinics to prevent the development of such critical illness.
Auction versus direct sale: the effect of buyers and sellers on prices
Authors: Sogn-Grundvåg Geir , Zhang Dengjun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study examines the question of selling agricultural commodities by auction or directly. Hedonic price analysis using transaction data from the sale of frozen cod in Norway shows that buyer–seller matches explain 32.4 and 13.6 per cent of the price variation in direct sales and auctions, respectively, indicating that direct sales are more informationally efficient than auctions. Meanwhile, auctions gain a price premium of 2.6 per cent over direct sales, holding other variables constant. However, a substantial increase in the use of direct sales indicates that their information efficiency is more important to sellers than the small price premium provided by auctions.
The misuse of distributional assumptions in functional class scoring gene-set and pathway analysis
Authors: Ho Chi-Hsuan , Huang Yu-Jyun , Lai Ying-Ju , Mukherjee Rajarshi , Hsiao Chuhsing Kate 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gene-set analysis (GSA) is a standard procedure for exploring potential biological functions of a group of genes. The development of its methodology has been an active research topic in recent decades. Many GSA methods, when newly proposed, rely on simulation studies to evaluate their performance with an implicit assumption that the multivariate expression values are normally distributed. This assumption is commonly adopted in GSAs, particularly those in the group of functional class scoring (FCS) methods. The validity of the normality assumption, however, has been disputed in several studies, yet no systematic analysis has been carried out to assess the effect of this distributional assumption. Our goal in this study is not to propose a new GSA method but to first examine if the multi-dimensional gene expression data in gene sets follow a multivariate normal (MVN) distribution. Six statistical methods in three categories of MVN tests were considered and applied to a total of 24 RNA data sets. These RNA values were collected from cancer patients as well as normal subjects, and the values were derived from microarray experiments, RNA sequencing, and single-cell RNA sequencing. Our first finding suggests that the MVN assumption is not always satisfied. This assumption does not hold true in many applications tested here. In the second part of this research, we evaluated the influence of non-normality on the statistical power of current FCS methods, both parametric and nonparametric ones. Specifically, the scenario of mixture distributions representing more than one population for the RNA values was considered. This second investigation demonstrates that the non-normality distribution of the RNA values causes a loss in the statistical power of these GSA tests, especially when subtypes exist. Among the FCS GSA tools examined here and among the scenarios studied in this research, the N-statistics outperform the others. Based on the results from these two investigations, we conclude that the assumption of MVN should be used with caution when evaluating new GSA tools, since this assumption cannot be guaranteed and violation may lead to spurious results, loss of power, and incorrect comparison between methods. If a newly proposed GSA tool is to be evaluated, we recommend the incorporation of a wide range of multivariate non-normal distributions or sampling from large databases if available.