bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monoculture and mixture-planting of non-native Douglas fir alters species composition, but promotes the diversity of ground beetles in a temperate forest system
Authors: Kriegel Peter , Matevski Dragan , Schuldt Andreas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPlanting non-native tree species, like Douglas fir in temperate European forest systems, is encouraged to mitigate effects of climate change. However, Douglas fir monocultures often revealed negative effects on forest biota, while effects of mixtures with native tree species on forest ecosystems are less well understood. We investigated effects of three tree species (Douglas fir, Norway spruce, native European beech), on ground beetles in temperate forests of Germany. Beetles were sampled in monocultures of each tree species and broadleaf-conifer mixtures with pitfall traps, and environmental variables were assessed around each trap. We used linear mixed models in a two-step procedure to disentangle effects of environment and tree species identity on ground beetle abundance, species richness, functional diversity and species assemblage structure. Contradictory to our expectations, ground beetle abundance and functional diversity was highest in pure Douglas fir stands, while tree mixtures showed intermediate values between pure coniferous and pure beech stands. The main drivers of these patterns were only partially dependent on tree species identity, which highlights the importance of structural features in forest stands. However, our study revealed distinct shifts in assemblage structure between pure beech and pure Douglas fir stands, which were only partially eased through mixture planting. Our findings suggest that effects of planting non-native trees on associated biodiversity can be actively modified by promoting beneficial forest structures. Nevertheless, integrating non-native tree species, even in mixtures with native trees, will invariably alter assemblage structures of associated biota, which can compromise conservation efforts targeted at typical species composition.
Protective measures for patients with advanced cancer during the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic: Quo vadis?
Authors: Ivanyi P. , Park-Simon T. , Christiansen H. , Gutzmer R. , Vogel A. , Heuser M. , Golpon H. , Hillemanns P. , Haier J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCancer patients represent a vulnerable cohort during the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic. Oncological societies have generated a plethora of recommendations, but precise instructions about routine oncological procedures remain scarce. Here, we report on local COVID-19 protection measures established in an interdisciplinary approach at a tertiary care center during the first wave of the pandemia in Germany. Following these measures, no additional morbidity or mortality during oncological procedures was observed, and no nosocomial infections were registered. However, Validation of our measures is outstanding and regional SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was low. However, specific oncological measures might be important to ensure optimal oncological results, especially for advanced cancer stages during this and future pandemia. In the future, communication about these measures might be crucial to a cancer patient´s assigned network to reduce the danger of excess mortality within the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
On Imbalance of Impulse Control and Sensation Seeking and Adolescent Risk: An Intra-individual Developmental Test of the Dual Systems and Maturational Imbalance Models
Authors: Meeus Wim , Vollebergh Wilma , Branje Susan , Crocetti Elisabetta , Ormel Johan , van de Schoot Rens , Crone Eveline A. , Becht Andrik 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHeterogeneity in development of imbalance between impulse control and sensation seeking has not been studied until now. The present study scrutinized this heterogeneity and the link between imbalance and adolescent risk. Seven-wave data of 7,558 youth (50.71% males; age range from 12/13 until 24/25) were used. Three developmental trajectories were identified. The first trajectory, “sensation seeking to balanced sensation seeking”, included participants with a higher level of sensation seeking than impulse control across all ages. The second trajectory, “moderate dominant control”, included participants showing moderate and increasing impulse control relative to sensation seeking across all ages. The third trajectory, “strong late dominant control”, included participants showing the highest level of impulse control which was about as strong as sensation seeking from early to middle adolescence and became substantially stronger from late adolescence to early adulthood. Although the systematic increase of impulse control in all subgroups is in line with both models, neither of these combined trajectories of control and sensation seeking was predicted by the Dual Systems Model or the Maturational Imbalance Model. Consistent with both models the “sensation seeking to balanced sensation seeking” trajectory showed the highest level of substance use. It can be concluded that, even though both theories adequately predict the link between imbalance and risk, neither the Dual Systems Model nor the Maturational Imbalance Model correctly predict the heterogeneity in development of imbalance between impulse control and sensation seeking.
Two novel microRNAs and their association with absolute blood pressure parameters in an urban South African community
Authors: Matshazi Don M. , Weale Cecil J. , Erasmus Rajiv T. , Kengne Andre P. , Davids Saarah F. G. , Raghubeer Shanel , Davison Glenda M. , Matsha Tandi E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMicroRNAs are important in development of disease, and description of novel microRNAs adds to the pool of microRNAs that can be targeted for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in disease. Herein, we aimed to describe novel microRNAs in a normotensive and hypertensive African population and relate their expression to blood pressure parameters and hypertension status. Previous work using next-generation sequencing showed differential expression of two novel microRNAs in the blood of normotensives and hypertensives. Herein, we have investigated these novel microRNAs by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in a cohort of 881 participants in this study. The relationship between the novel microRNAs and systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as mean arterial pressure was also investigated. Age and sex-adjusted Spearman’s correlations were used to assess the relationship between microRNAs and cardiovascular risk profile variables whilst multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association of microRNAs with screen-detected and known hypertension. The novel microRNAs (miR-novel-chr1_36178 and miR-novel-chr15_18383) were significantly dysregulated by hypertension status. The expression of miR-novel-chr1_36178 differed according to sex, correlated with mean arterial pressure and systolic and diastolic blood pressure at higher levels of expression and was associated with screen-detected hypertension. The association of miR-novel-chr1_36178 expression with mean arterial pressure and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as its dysregulation according to hypertension status suggests its possible utility as a biomarker target for hypertension diagnosis and/or therapeutics. Furthermore, its association with screen detected hypertension and dose-response relationship with blood pressure suggests it may be used to identify and monitor individuals at risk of hypertension.
On the convergence of Krylov methods with low-rank truncations
Authors: Palitta Davide , Kürschner Patrick 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLow-rank Krylov methods are one of the few options available in the literature to address the numerical solution of large-scale general linear matrix equations. These routines amount to well-known Krylov schemes that have been equipped with a couple of low-rank truncations to maintain a feasible storage demand in the overall solution procedure. However, such truncations may affect the convergence properties of the adopted Krylov method. In this paper we show how the truncation steps have to be performed in order to maintain the convergence of the Krylov routine. Several numerical experiments validate our theoretical findings.
Correction to: Deriving an overall appearance domain score by applying bifactor IRT analysis to the BODY‑Q appearance scales
Authors: Geerards Daan , van den Berg Lisa , Pusic Andrea L. , Hoogbergen Maarten M. , Klassen Anne F. , van der Hulst René R. W. J. , Sidey‑Gibbons Chris J. 
Published: March 2021

In the original publication Table 1 has been removed as the authors did not obtain permission to reproduce the BODY-Q scale. A revised Table 1 is provided in this correction.
Current treatment options and challenges in patients with Type 1 diabetes: Pharmacological, technical advances and future perspectives
Authors: Boscari Federico , Avogaro Angelo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractType 1 diabetes mellitus imposes a significant burden of complications and mortality, despite important advances in treatment: subjects affected by this disease have also a worse quality of life-related to disease management. To overcome these challenges, different new approaches have been proposed, such as new insulin formulations or innovative devices. The introduction of insulin pumps allows a more physiological insulin administration with a reduction of HbA1c level and hypoglycemic risk. New continuous glucose monitoring systems with better accuracy have allowed, not only better glucose control, but also the improvement of the quality of life. Integration of these devices with control algorithms brought to the creation of the first artificial pancreas, able to independently gain metabolic control without the risk of hypo- and hyperglycemic crisis. This approach has revolutionized the management of diabetes both in terms of quality of life and glucose control. However, complete independence from exogenous insulin will be obtained only by biological approaches that foresee the replacement of functional beta cells obtained from stem cells: this will be a major challenge but the biggest hope for the subjects with type 1 diabetes. In this review, we will outline the current scenario of innovative diabetes management both from a technological and biological point of view, and we will also forecast some cutting-edge approaches to reduce the challenges that hamper the definitive cure of diabetes.
Sensing Feeling Alive: Attentiveness to Movements in/with Embodied Teaching
Authors: Hoveid Marit Honerød 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis is an explorative work on teaching. The understanding of teaching that I use in my work is that teaching is action, it happens in the present – here and now. So, while teaching refers to shorter timespans, education in this understanding refers to timespans that are of a longer duration, meaning education is communication between generations (Hoveid and Hoveid 2019). The notion of teaching I explore draw from experiences, for my own part between nature, dog and human. These are experiences of sensing where one flows through and interconnects with others, so that boundaries are difficult to discern, and hence boundaries are not the point, but rather how sensing bodies and ‘movements between’ create experiences that are constitutive of who we become both as dog and human, in/with nature. Here I am not referring this to learning, as is usual in the equation “teaching and learning”. This does not mean learning is irrelevant, but rather that it is such an encompassing concept I cannot deal with it satisfactorily in this article. Also, I go beyond what is commonly understood as learning, in terms of making a change in someone’s cognitive or emotional structures. This article explores the kind of experiences our sensing body furnish us with and how these transfer to memory, in the here and now bodies sense, and how this creates memories. I argue this is especially important to recognize in teaching, but seldom addressed. I suggest we pay more attention to these experiences of sensing and how it becomes part of individual and collective memories. To me this is a vital and integral part in all teaching, in the present.
Criminal Law and Republican Liberty: Philip Pettit’s Account
Authors: Horder Jeremy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPhilip Pettit has made central to modern republican theory a distinctive account of freedom—republican freedom. On this account, I am not free solely because I can make choices without interference. I am truly free, only if that non-interference does not itself depend on another’s forbearance (what Pettit calls ‘formal’ freedom). Pettit believes that the principal justification for the traditional focus of the criminal law is that it constitutes a bulwark against domination. I will, in part, be considering the merits of this claim. Is the importance of the orthodox realm of the criminal law solely or mainly explained by the wish to protect people from domination? In short, the answer is that it is not. Across the board, the criminal law rightly protects us equally from threats to what Pettit calls ‘effective,’ as opposed to formal, republican freedom. I will develop my critique of Pettit’s account of criminal law, in part to raise questions about the role of ‘domination’ in political theory, and about whether it poses a significant challenge to liberal accounts of criminal law.
Linking static and dynamic mechanical properties for metamorphic rocks from Austria including their anisotropic effect
Authors: Gegenhuber Nina , Krueger Melanie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe derivation of geomechanical properties from petrophysical/geophysical data is not only of great importance in the oil industry but also in mining, geothermal projects and tunnelling, for reduction of costs and to improve security. For the oil industry and geothermal sector, it is mainly important for drilling rate and the stability of the borehole and, as a result, the economic factor. A key issue is that geomechanical properties, which can support a better planning of a project, cannot be measured in the borehole or on the surface directly. In this study, the focus is put on anisotropic effects on the correlation between static and dynamic properties, which is neglected in most studies but important because values can vary extremely. Therefore, measurements in the geotechnical laboratory of compressional and shear wave velocity during uniaxial compression strength test were taken. Additionally, typical properties like bulk and grain density as well as porosity were determined too. Different samples (carbonate–silica schist, marble and phyllite) from the "Zentrum am Berg"-research tunnelling centre at the "Erzberg" in Austria were used. Shown are correlations between uniaxial compression strength and compressional wave velocity as well as for static and dynamic Young’s modulus including their anisotropic effect. The results are promising and provide an opportunity for further applications on log data.
Adherence to hydroxyurea, health-related quality of life domains and attitudes towards a smartphone app among Irish adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Fogarty Helen , Gaul Alan , Syed Saifullah , Aleksejenko Natalija , Geoghegan Rosena , Conroy Helena , Crampton Edel , Ngwenya Noel , Tuohy Emma , McMahon Corrina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Introduction
SCD patients experience declines in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains compared with healthy controls. Despite evidence supporting the benefits of hydroxyurea, medication non-adherence remains problematic, especially in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Adherence barriers include forgetfulness and lack of knowledge. Recently, increased interest in technology-based strategies to improve medication adherence has emerged. No data currently exists on hydroxyurea adherence, HRQOL or perceptions of technology-based tools in the Irish SCD population.

Methods
In order to interrogate these domains among Irish AYA SCD patients we administered an anonymous survey at two tertiary referral centres in Dublin, Ireland, in July 2019.

Results
Sixty-three patients participated; 63% female and 37% male, with a median and mean age of 17 and 19 years, respectively. Average monthly adherence was 76% using a visual analogue scale. Recall barriers were present in 62% while 26% omit hydroxyurea for reasons other than forgetting. Reviewing HRQOL; only 36.5% felt always physically able to engage in recreational activities, while 51% experienced disruption to school/college/work due to pain. Eighty-one percent reported that anxiety about health interferes with their lives and non-adherence correlated with worse HRQOL outcomes. Interest in a smartphone app was expressed by the majority, with daily medication reminders being the most popular feature. Sharing adherence data with doctors and discussion forums were less appealing.

Conclusions
Representing over 10% of the Irish SCD population, our survey provides novel and valuable insights into medication adherence and HRQOL domains. Preferred app features may inform future technology-based interventions to improve medication adherence in SCD and other chronic health conditions.
Anwendungen des Web Scraping in der amtlichen Statistik
Authors: Kühnemann Heidi 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungIm World Wide Web (kurz „Web“) sind große Datenmengen verfügbar, die auch die amtliche Statistik für sich nutzbar machen kann. Die Extraktion dieser Daten durch Web Scraping bietet vielfältige Potenziale, beispielsweise die Kosten für die Datenerhebung reduzieren, Befragte entlasten, die Qualität amtlicher Daten verbessern oder stichprobenrelevante Einheiten in Befragungen identifizieren. Am Beispiel der Preis‑, Tourismus‑, Arbeitsmarkt- und Unternehmensstatistik wird in diesem Beitrag aufgezeigt, wie die amtliche Statistik in Deutschland bereits Web Scraping nutzt. Viele der hier aufgeführten Anwendungen befinden sich noch in einem frühen Entwicklungsstadium. In anderen nationalen Statistikämtern werden Daten aus dem Web zum Teil bereits in einem größeren Ausmaß für experimentelle Statistiken und im Produktivbetrieb genutzt. Dies ist unter anderem auf eine teils unzureichende rechtliche Grundlage von Web Scraping in der amtlichen Statistik in Deutschland, auf eine für die Methode nicht adäquate IT-Infrastruktur sowie auf einen Mangel an Mitarbeitenden mit den notwendigen Qualifikationen zurückzuführen.
Communication Patterns of Indonesian Diaspora Women in Their Mixed Culture Families
Authors: Indriani Sri Seti , Mulyana Deddy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis research underlines the communication patterns of Indonesian diaspora women in their mixed culture families and how they use these patterns in Australia. There are some differences in interpreting meanings because of the differences in language and culture. Thus, researchers are interested in examining communication patterns experienced by these diaspora women who live in Australia. The research was conducted through a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews with 13 Indonesian women who had been living in Australia for more than 5 years and observation and documentation studies. The study showed that the communication patterns of Indonesian diaspora women living within their mixed culture families consist mainly of verbal communication classified into five categories: (1) pure English, (2) mixed language, (3) unstructured grammar English, (4) compliments and appreciation, and (5) obscene words or swearing.
Economic Crisis, Lived Experiences and Temporal Reasoning Among Polish Migrants in Iceland
Authors: Pawlak Marek 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe article focuses on the relationship between the lived experiences of economic crisis and its lingering effects on Polish migrants’ understandings of the current matters in Iceland. It shows that even though the economic collapse in 2008 was experienced differently, it has also induced different emotions and became a significant point of reference for Polish migrant community in Iceland. Interestingly, long after Iceland’s economic recovery, the crisis continues to inform migrants’ ways of negotiating the present and unfolds the intricate relationship between past experiences and future orientations. Thus, by drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, the article introduces an affective approach to the consequences of the crisis and problematises migrants’ temporal reasoning, which leads to the emerging states of alertness and anticipation of another crisis. In doing so, it shows the ways in which the past happenings affect the present matters and impinged migrants’ understandings of the future.
Immigrants’ Religious Transmission in Southern Europe: Reaction or Assimilation? Evidence from Italy
Authors: Molteni Francesco , Dimitriadis Iraklis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, scholars have been increasingly interested in analysing immigrants’ religiosity in Europe. In this article, we provide evidence about how the patterns of religious transmission are shaped by religious characteristics of both the origin and receiving contexts. We do so by focusing on Italy, which is both an almost homogeneously Catholic country and a fairly recent immigration destination, and by analysing three different dimensions of religiosity: service attendance, prayer and importance of religion. By relying on the “Social conditions and integration of foreign citizens” survey (ISTAT, 2011–2012), we fill an important theoretical and geographical gap by analysing differences in religiosity between parents and children. We claim that immigrant groups who share many characteristics with the natives tend to assimilate by adopting the same patterns of transmission (for example, Romanians in Italy). In contrast, immigrants who come from very different religious contexts, such as the Muslim Moroccan group, strongly react to this diversity by emphasising the transmission of their own religiosity. If, instead, immigrants come from a very secular country, such as Albania, they also tend to replicate this feature in the receiving countries, thus progressively weakening their religiosity and also their denominational differences. Overall, it is the interplay between origin and destination context which matters the most in shaping the patterns of religious transmission.
Effect of simulated tennis steps and slides on tread element friction and wear
Authors: Hale John , Lewis Roger , Carré Matt J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn hard court tennis, players change direction by either stepping or sliding. The shoe–surface friction during these movements is crucial to player performance. Too little friction when stepping may result in a slip. Too much friction when attempting to slide could cause the player to move only a short distance, or to fail to slide. To understand the influence of tread design on shoe–surface friction in tennis, experiments were performed on individual shoe tread elements that replicated the tribological conditions typically experienced during hard court step and slide movements. Tread element orientation had no effect on the static friction in step movements, but longer tread elements (in the sliding direction) had 9% lower dynamic friction during slide movements (p < 0.001). The friction between tennis shoe tread and hard court tennis surfaces is also shown to be influenced by the tread’s sliding history, and the wearing pattern that forms on the surface of the rubber.