bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of garlic rhizome (Allium sativum) powder supplemented diets on the haematology and serum biochemistry of broiler chickens at starter and finisher phases
Authors: Onunkwo D. N. , Nathaniel J. , Ezike J. C. , Amaduruonye W. , Daniel-Igwe G. 
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of garlic rhizome powder on blood profile of broiler at different growth phases (starter and finisher phase). One hundred and twenty Abor acre broiler chicks were used for the study and the chicks were randomly distributed into four treatment groups and the treatment groups were then divided into different replicates with each replicate having 10 chicks i.e. 30 chicks in each treatment group. The garlic powder was included at different inclusion levels and the treatments were designed as T1: basal diet with no garlic powder, T2: basal diet supplemented with 0.5% garlic powder T3: basal diet supplemented with 1.0% garlic powder and T4 having 1.5% garlic powder. Starter diet was offered to the birds for the first four weeks of the feeding trial and finisher diet was also provided for the birds within 5th to 8th week. Daily feed intake and weekly body measurement were taken. At the end of the starter phase, blood was collected for haematological and serum biochemistry analysis also blood was collected for blood profile analysis at the seventh (8th) week of the experiment. The blood samples collected were analyzed for haematological parameters which include haemoglobin, Packed cell volume, Red blood cells, White blood cells, Mean corpuscular haemoglobin, Mean corpuscular volume, Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, heterophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and serum biochemical parameters which include Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline Phosphate, Cholesterol, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Uric acid and Creatinine. Results showed that the effect of feeding graded levels of garlic rhizome powder on the haematological and serum parameters were significant (P<0.05). The cholesterol levels of experimental birds dropped significantly with increasing levels of garlic in the diets. Inclusion of garlic powder on broiler feed had no significant difference (P>0.05) on the creatinine level. Therefore 1.5% inclusion of garlic should be added to broiler feed to enhance production of broiler lean meat with lowest cholesterol.
Positive response of rabbits fed varying levels of palm kernel cake as a replacement for wheat offal
Authors: Umar A. M. , Muhammad A. S. , Adamu N. , Modi M. 
Published: February 2021

A major cost of producing rabbits is that of feed. Palm kernel cake is cheaper and locally available than wheat offal. This study was therefore, conducted to evaluate the performance of rabbits fed Palm Kernel Cake (PKC) as a replacement for Wheat Offal (WO). Twenty weaned rabbits of both sexes were used in the experiment. The rabbits were allocated to five diets, each with four replicates. Each diet contained the same quantities of ingredients but PKC and WO were varied such that diet (A) was 0% PKC and 40% WO, (B)10% PKC and 30% WO, (C)20% PKC and 20% WO, (D)30% PKC and 10% WO, and (E)40% PKC and 0% WO to measure feed intake, growth rate and feed conversion ratio. Carcass and organs of the rabbits were analysed. Average daily feed intake of rabbits recorded for diet A, B, C, D and E was 49.37, 40.05, 38.18, 39.10 and 56.05. The results revealed an insignificant difference in final weights of rabbits among all treatments which ranged from 777.50g (A) to 965.00g (E). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was also not significant and ranged from 5.21 – 4.55 with diet A having the highest FCR. There were also no significant differences in carcass and organ weights among the treatments. The carcass weight ranged from 395.00g to 594.25g on diet A and E respectively. Diet E had the highest dressing percentage (57.70%) while the least was recorded for diet B (53.28%). It can be concluded that PKC compared favourably with WO and could be used to replace the latter without deleterious effects.
Growth rates of main and reciprocal crosses of Isa Brown and local chickens
Authors: Nwaogwugwu U. C. , Udoh U. H. 
Published: February 2021

The absolute and relative instantaneous growth rates of F1 hybrid chickens were determined at 2- 10 and 12-20 week periods of growth. The hybrids were hatched from eggs laid by 69 Isa Brown and local chicken parents. A total of 123, 49 and 116 chicks of Isa Brown x frizzle feathered (IBxF), Isa Brown x naked neck (IBxNa) and Isa Brown x normal feathered IBxN) main crosses and 137, 42 and 64 chicks of frizzle feathered x Isa Brown (FxIB), naked neck x Isa Brown (Na x IB) and normal feathered x Isa Brown (NxIB) reciprocal crosses, respectively were produced at day-old. The greatest absolute growth rates of 49.44g/week at 2-10 weeks and 71.11 g/week at 12-20 weeks were obtained from IBxN and FxIB genotypes, respectively. Instantaneously, IBxNa had the greatest rate of 0.28 g/time at 2-10 weeks, while IB x F and Na x IB each at 12-20 weeks were found to grow at the greatest rate of 0.091 g/time, respectively. It was concluded that normal and naked neck genes could be utilised in main crosses to develop fast growing broiler chicks while frizzle and naked neck genes could be used in reciprocal crosses to improve good laying pullets without precocious maturity.
Effect of enzyme supplementation and plant extracts on villus height and microbial counts in broilers
Authors: Ofongo R. T. S. , Ohimain E. I. 
Published: February 2021

Due to issues concerning antimicrobial resistance, the use of antibiotics in poultry and pigs has been restricted in many countries. The research focus is now on suitable and readily available alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters. Alternatives such as probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, enzymes and acidifiers are being utilized while Phyto biotics (plant extracts) are also considered as viable alternatives. In this study, leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) and Vernonia amygdylina (bitter leaf) were administered through drinking water, while enzyme (Roxazyme G2 G ®) was supplemented in the feed of different groups of broiler birds which were randomly allocated to three treatments and a control in triplicates of ten birds per replicate. The control group did not receive either plant extract in water or enzyme in their diet. On day 42, the chickens were slaughtered; the digesta was gently collected from the ileum and caecum for microbial analysis, while histological analysis was carried on the empty ileum for the determination of villus height. Data collected for microbial analysis was log transformed before statistical analysis and was stated as Log colony forming unit/g of digesta sample (Log cfu/g). The highest villus height was recorded for enzyme treatment (0.955mm) followed by bitter leaf (0.717mm), and least for neem leaf (0.592 mm) with 0.656 mm for the control. Enzyme supplementation, bitter leaf and neem leaf extract administration had no significant effect (p>0.05) on villus height. However,villus height recorded for enzyme supplementation and administration of bitter leaf extract was numerically higher than the control group. The population of total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) in the ileum was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the control group (9.28 Log cfu/g) than enzyme supplementation (8.52 Log cfu/g) and administration of leaf extract. The least value was recorded was recorded with bitter leaf (7.94 Log cfu/g). A value of 8.14 Log cfu/g was recorded with neem extract in drinking water. Total coliform was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the control (7.33 Log cfu/g) than in enzyme (6.00 Log cfu/g), neem leaf (4.74 Log cfu/g) and bitter leaf (4.84 Log cfu/g) treatments. The population of enteropathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella) was also significantly reduced (p< 0.05) by enzyme supplementation and administration of neem leaf and bitter leaf extracts in the ileum. The THB and total coliform counts (Log cfu/g) was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by enzyme supplementation, neem leaf and bitter leaf extract in the caecum also. In conclusion, the results of the current study showed that the leaf extracts and enzyme supplementation significantly decreased the number of enteropathogenic bacteria in the ileum and caecum. Although there was no significant impact on villi height, but numerical difference in villi height were recorded.
Nigerian Fulani ecotype chickens - I – Growth performance under two production systems
Authors: Sanusi A. R. , Oseni S. O. 
Published: February 2021

The rearing of indigenous chickens is an integral part of the smallholder farming systems in developing countries, where they are kept by the rural poor to satisfy multiple functions Thus, the growth performance of Nigerian Fulani ecotype chicken (NFEC) under intensive and pastured poultry production systems was evaluated. Two hundred, day-old chicks of Nigerian Fulani ecotype chicken (NFEC) were obtained. The chickens were separated randomly to intensive and pastured poultry production systems at 12 weeks of age. Data on body weight were taken weekly from day-old to 20 weeks. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM of SAS at statistical significance level of P<0.05. Results showed significant effect of sex of chicken th th from the 10 to the 20 week of age (P<0.05). Significant interaction effect was observed between sex and production system at weeks 16 and 18 (P<0.05) when the male chickens under the intensive production system outpaced their male counterparts in the pastured poultry. Average daily gain for the period of 20 weeks was 6.83g and 9.21g for female and male chickens, respectively. Weight gain pattern across weeks was not uniform. There was no significant difference in the growth rate in the two production systems (P>0.05). The study revealed that little disparity exists in growth performance of NFEC under the pastured and deep-litter production systems.
Beef cattle housing and handling techniques in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Kubkomawa H. I. , Kenneth–Chukwu A. M. , Krumah J. L. , Yerima I. N. , Audu Z. , Nafarnda W. D. 
Published: February 2021

The objective of the study was to survey beef cattle housing and handling techniques in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria in order to make room for improvement to ensure their welfare. One hundred (100) beef producers were randomly selected for oral interviews, discussion and physical observations on beef cattle housing and handling techniques. This was achieved by the use of structured questionnaire for the period of 12 months (January to December, 2018). All beef cattle producers (100%) use make shift kraals or fenced yards without roofs, while 90% use local handling equipment for the business in the study area. The use of elaborate housing and conventional equipment is limited in the study area. Though producers know that, well designed and maintained handling facilities are essential for the safe handling of beef cattle and prevention of injury to handlers. Good cattle handling facilities provide high level of control and safe access for the various husbandry tasks. Many accidents involving cattle could be eliminated with better handling facilities. Knowing the correct procedure is important for both the animals and handlers as handlers are susceptible to injuries.
PENDUGAAN MODEL PARTISIPASI EKONOMI MASYARAKAT PROVINSI JAMBI DENGAN METODE ANALISIS REGRESI LOGISTIK BINER
Authors: Kholijah Gusmi 
Published: February 2021

Kesejahteraan ekonomi masih belum merata di Indonesia. Hal ini masih menjadi masalah dalam mengatasi kemiskinan. Banyak usaha yang sudah dilakukan dalam pengentasan kemiskinan, salah satunya meningkatkan partisipasi ekonomi. Partisipasi ekonomi dapat dikategorikan atas bekerja dan tidak bekerja. Partisipasi ekonomi merupakan variabel respon yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa variabel prediktor. Hubungan antara variabel prediktor dengan variabel respon yang berbentuk kategori biner dapat dianalisis dengan regresi logistik biner. Model yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini menyampaikan bahwa masyarakat yang tinggal di perdesaan lebih memiliki partisipasi ekonomi dibanding dengan di perkotaan. Lalu status perkawinan dengan kategori kawin, cerai hidup lebih memiliki berpartisipasi ekonomi dibanding dengan cerai mati, dan yang cerai mati lebih berperan lagi dibanding dengan yang belum kawin. Selanjutnya laki-laki lebih berpartisipasi ekonomi dibanding dengan perempuan. Lalu jika dilihat dari usia, menunjukkan usia produktif kerja lebih memiliki partisipasi ekonomi, kemudian semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan maka memberikan kontribusi terhadap partisipasi ekonomi semakin tinggi.
Inovasi Teknologi dalam Perubahan Pelayanan Publik Perkotaan
Authors: Purnamasari Ranty , Riksa Praba Haskara Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

Inovasi dipandang sebagai kebutuhan karena dapat mengatasi masalah patologi birokrasi, meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik, memaksimalkan potensi aparatur, serta mengembalikan kepercayaan publik. Inovasi juga dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan teknologi informasi yang pesat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis inovasi yang dilakukan oleh Kota Bekasi dan Kabupaten Gresik yang memiliki tujuan untuk mewujudkan suatu ide atau pemikiran kreatif, yang berkaitan dengan teknologi sebagai terobosan untuk mempermudah kinerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam fakta-fakta mengenai inovasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kota yang pernah melakukan inovasi yang berkaitan dengan pelayanan publik, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah inovasi yang dilakukan oleh Kota Bekasi dan Kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kota Bekasi dan Kabupaten Gresik berhasil untuk menciptakan inovasi pada bidang pelayanan publik, dimana pada kedua kota ini telah menciptakan suatu ide atau pemikiran kreatif, yang berkaitan dengan teknologi sebagai terobosan untuk mempermudah kinerja. Hasil dari adanya inovasi Layanan SIAP PPDB Online di Kota Bekasi, yaitu diantaranya Tanpa Instalasi & Berbasis Cloud, Multi Platform & Multi Akses, Responsive Design, Multi Model Alur Pendaftaran, Multi Jalur Seleksi, Real Time Process, sehingga dapat mengelola data calon siswa secara otomatis dan langsung setiap waktu mulai dari proses pendaftaran, seleksi hingga pengumuman hasil. Sedangkan, hasil dari adanya Aplikasi e-Planning di Kabupaten Gresik mempunyai tujuan untuk menerapkan perencanaan menggunakan teknologi informasi berbasis Web yang terintegrasi dan user friendly, menyelaraskan/ mengintegrasikan perencanaan strategis jangka menengah ke dalam perencanaan tahunan, memetakan usulan program dan kegiatan dari DPRD, Unsur Pimpinan dan dokumen perencanaan yang telah ditetapkan, menyusun rencana kerja anggaran dengan cepat dan tepat, serta mengintegrasikan perencanaan, pelaksanaan anggaran, sampai dengan monitoring dan evaluasi.
On Stoic Cosmopolitanism
Authors: Konstantakos Leonidas 
Published: February 2021

Martha Nussbaum gives a timely and interesting exhortation of Stoic ideals in Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism, but any implementation of these ancient ideals may have very serious consequences, as they certainly did in antiquity. Material consequences (loosely speaking) are not the purpose of a Stoic sage’s actions. Yet if prudence is to be the virtue for us that it was to our philosophical ancestors then, would-be Stoics are obligated to be very careful in making decisions for a cosmopolitan worldview, especially if we are to approach our future based on ideals over which even the ancients argued.
La figura de Alcibíades en la historia de Atenas del siglo V y en la narrativa del Banquete de Platón
Authors: Cornelli Gabriele 
Published: February 2021

La figura de Alcibíades atraviesa la historia de Atenas del siglo V y la narrativa del Banquete con su fuerza política dramática y su representación de género desviado. El “affaire” Alcibíades asume así un lugar central en las preocupaciones platónicas dirigidas generalmente a la revisión histórica de los años de plomo de las disensiones civiles y más específicamente como una unión peligrosa de éste con Sócrates y su grupo. El sentido de la incursión dramática de Alcibíades en el Banquete, así como su elogio a Sócrates, será leído a la luz de los testimonios de Jenofonte, Tucídides, Androcles y Andócides, entre otros, en busca de la comprensión de la lectio platónica de la trayectoria de uno de los personajes más destacados de la Atenas clásica.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND IMPACT STUDENT'S ENVIRONMENTAL CARE ATTITUDE TO ADIWIYATA SCHOOL
Authors: Eka Karma Iswasta , Suwarno Suwarno 
Published: February 2021

Karakter seseorang sangat mempengaruhi perbuatan dan perilaku dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu karakter yang ingin dibentuk di sekolah dasar adalah kepedulian lingkungan. Kepedulian lingkungan dapat dibentuk melalui bermacam-macam cara, salah satunya melalui sekolah Adiwiyata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran dampak sekolah Adiwiyata terhadap karakter peduli lingkungan siswa. Lokasi penelitian di sekolah Adiwiyata SDN 2 Sokaraja Kulon dan SD Locondong. Pengambilan data melalui observasi nonpartisipan, wawancara semiterstruktur, dan pencermatan dokumen serta observasi obyek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) lingkungan sekolah sekarang masih menunjukkan sebagai sekolah Adiwiyata yang diraih beberapa tahun yang lalu, 2) penanaman sikap peduli lingkungan dilakukan melalui kegiatan akademik maupun non akademik, 3) karakter sikap peduli lingkungan siswa terbentuk dengan baik melalui kegiatan akademik dan non akademik.
Life in the Dunes
Authors: Fischer Moshe , Taxel Itamar 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThis article discusses a section of the Israeli coastal plain known as Yavneh Sands between 1800 and 1948. This sand-dune strip, which legally belonged to the large village of Yubna/Yavneh and to the waqf of the major pilgrimage site of Nabi Rubin, was a peripheral territory, both economically and socially. The area was de facto controlled by wandering and sedentary Bedouin groups, who were accompanied by (seasonal?) peasant villagers, fishermen, and—in late summertime—numerous pilgrims from various coastal towns and villages who made their way to and from Nabi Rubin. These people usually left behind quantitatively and qualitatively modest material traces, which reinforce the assumption that the various Late Ottoman and Mandatory sites documented in the Yavneh Sands area were not permanent settlements but rather seasonal farmsteads and mainly temporary and even one-time campsites.
A construção de Lei de Acesso à Informação no legislativo federal brasileiro: sistematização de sua tramitação legislativa
Authors: Campos Fhillipe de Freitas , Rodrigues Georgete Medleg 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Desde a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos de 1948 que o acesso à informação se configurou explicitamente como um direito fundamental. No Brasil, as primeiras iniciativas legislativas ou normativas acerca do tema são marcadas pela restrição de acesso, mas essa perspectiva iria mudar, especialmente a partir da Constituição de 1988. Assim, observa-se que a construção de um sistema legal de acesso à informação no país passa por várias mudanças, tornando-a objeto de estudo por diversas áreas do conhecimento. Objetivo: Sistematizar, apresentar e analisar a tramitação legislativa que culminou na aprovação da Lei de Acesso à Informação (Lei nº 12.527/2011). Metodologia: A pesquisa se baseia em uma breve revisão de literatura a partir da qual foi definido um corpus documental, compreendendo documentos resultantes do trâmite legislativo no Congresso Nacional. Resultados: O direito de acesso à informação no Brasil passou por diversos momentos até se consagrar numa lei federal específica, a Lei de acesso à informação (LAI). Desde os primeiros projetos que tramitaram no Congresso Nacional, em 2003, a LAI somente se tornou realidade após um extenso processo legislativo, o qual contou com antagonismos ideológicos e tentativas de impor o máximo de sigilo aos documentos de Estado. Conclusões: A tramitação da LAI seguiu os trâmites constantes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, apesar de terem sido necessários oito anos para sua aprovação. Das discussões em torno de seu texto, o que se extrai das análises é que, apesar de algumas posições contrárias defendidas por um grupo minoritário de parlamentares, especialmente no Senado, o texto aprovado ficou alinhado aos principais textos internacionais quanto aos aspectos de transparência, democracia e de liberdade de informação.
Aspectos memorialísticos e identitários presentes nos enunciados das ganhadeiras de Itapuã: ressignificação da mediação cultural no dispositivo de comunicação da web
Authors: Santos Raquel do Rosário , Sousa Ana Claudia Medeiros de 
Published: February 2021

Introdução: Os dispositivos de comunicação favorecem a mediação cultural, porque potencializam, para além do tempo e do espaço geográfico, o acesso às informações, carregadas de sentidos e de valor memorialístico e que constituem a história dos sujeitos. Objetivo: Investigar se os enunciados disponíveis no dispositivo de comunicação da web das Ganhadeiras de Itapuã contribuem para ressignificar os traços identitários e memorialísticos do meio em que suas práticas sociais são desenvolvidas e para mediar a cultura. Metodologia: Quanto aos procedimentos de coleta dos dados, adotou-se a técnica de observação indireta, para identificar os conteúdos disponibilizados no Facebook das Ganhadeiras de Itapuã. A amostra foi relativa às publicações de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Foram selecionadas postagens mais representativas do contexto social em que essas mulheres estão inseridas. Os dados foram analisados empregando-se a abordagem qualitativa, que favoreceu o processo de interpretação dos dados coletados. Resultados: Constatou-se que o dispositivo de comunicação da web social das Ganhadeiras de Itapuã potencializa a mediação cultural para além do território baiano, porquanto contribuem para que as manifestações identitárias e memorialísticas desse grupo sejam reconhecidas e, de maneira consciente, promove a construção dialógica no âmbito da diversidade de pensamentos, de ideologias e de crenças. Conclusões: O estudo mostrou que o dispositivo de comunicação das Ganhadeiras de Itapuã é um ambiente propício para mediar a cultura, a informação e a leitura, bem como para descortinar traços de memória e de identidade da mulher negra.