bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of baloxavir marboxil prescription with subsequent medical resource utilization among school‐aged children with influenza
Authors: Takeuchi Masato , Kawakami Koji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeBaloxavir marboxil is a novel antiviral agent for influenza, introduced into clinical practice in 2018. A concern remains about the variant virus with reduced susceptibility after baloxavir exposure and its clinical consequences such as healthcare‐seeking behavior.MethodsUsing a healthcare database in Japan, we compared the medical resource use following baloxavir and neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) treatment among children aged 7–15 years. The study period was from December 2018 to March 2019. The primary endpoint was the composite of hospitalization, laboratory and radiological tests, and antibiotic use over 1–9 days of antiviral treatment. As exploratory analyses, secondary outcomes being each single component of the primary composite were assessed and subgroup analyses comparing baloxavir with each NAI were done.ResultsData from 115 867 prescriptions in 115 238 children were analyzed (median age: 10 years; severe influenza risk in 26%; baloxavir accounting for 43%). Overall, baloxavir use did not increase subsequent medical resource utilization in the composite endpoint (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–1.09; P = 0.14), as were likelihoods of other secondary outcomes. In the subgroup analysis, baloxavir use was associated with higher medical resource use than oseltamivir (aOR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.13–1.31; P < 0.001) and lower resource use than zanamivir (aOR: 0.93; 95% CI 0.86–1.00; P = 0.040).ConclusionsBased on a single‐year experience in Japan, prescribing baloxavir rather than NAIs did not increase medical resource utilization within 9 days of treatment, except in one exploratory comparison with oseltamivir.
Physical comorbidities as a marker for high risk of psychological distress in cancer patients
Authors: Petrova Dafina , Redondo‐Sánchez Daniel , Rodríguez‐Barranco Miguel , Romero Ruiz Antonio , Catena Andrés , Garcia‐Retamero Rocio , Sánchez María‐José 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsPhysical and psychiatric comorbidities are common in cancer patients and could impact their treatment and prognosis. However, the evidence base regarding the influence of comorbidities in the management and health service use of patients is still scant. In this research we investigated how physical comorbidities are related to the mental health and help‐seeking of cancer patients.MethodsData were obtained from the representative National Health Survey of Spain (2017). Participants were respondents who reported a cancer diagnosis (n = 484). These were also matched with controls without cancer history (n = 484) based on age, gender, and region. Four alternative physical comorbidities indices were created based on information regarding 28 chronic conditions. Outcomes of interest were psychological distress and having consulted a mental healthcare professional in the year before the survey.ResultsThirty percent of cancer patients reported significant psychological distress but only 10% had consulted a professional. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, among cancer patients each additional comorbidity was associated with 9% higher odds of reporting high psychological distress (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.16) and 21% higher odds of having consulted a mental healthcare professional (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09–1.34). The effects of comorbidities depended on the type of index and were different in controls without cancer history.ConclusionPhysical comorbidities in cancer patients are associated with higher risk of psychological distress and higher demand for mental health services. We encourage further research on this issue as it could improve mental health screening and management in oncologic care.
Benefit of a more extended pelvic lymph node dissection among patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer: A causal mediation analysis
Authors: Wettstein Marian S. , David Luke A. , Pazhepurackel Clinsy , Qureshi Aatif A. , Zisman Alex , Nesbitt Michael , Saba Karim , Herrera‐Caceres Jaime O. , Fankhauser Christian D. , Ahmad Ardalan , Hamilton Robert J. , Eberli Daniel , Zlotta Alexandre R. , Sulser Tullio , Fleshner Neil E. , Poyet Cédric , Finelli Antonio , Hermanns Thomas , Kulkarni Girish S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe therapeutic role of extended (ePLND) versus nonextended pelvic lymph node dissection (nePLND) to remove occult micrometastases in men undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer (PC) is conflicting. Therefore, our aim was to quantify the direct effect of ePLND versus nePLND (removal of occult micrometastases), which is not mediated through the detection of nodal disease and potential adjuvant therapy (indirect effect).MethodsRetrospective, bi‐center cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and PLND for PC (January 2006 and December 2016). Patients were followed until April 2018 for the occurrence of either biochemical recurrence or secondary therapy (composite outcome). ePLND was compared to nePLND by unweighted and weighted survival analysis (total effect) as well as by causal mediation analysis (direct and indirect effect).ResultsPositive nodal disease was detected in 71 (7%) out of 1008 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and PLND for PC (ePLND: 368 [36.5%]; nePLND: 640 [63.5%]). Survival analysis demonstrated results in favor of ePLND (unweighted hazard ratio: 0.77 [95% confidence interval: 0.59–1.01], p = .056; weighted hazard ratio: 0.75 [0.56–0.99], p = .044). The causal mediation analysis confirmed the total effect of 0.77 (0.71–0.82). After disentangling this total effect into an indirect effect (via detection of nodal disease and potential adjuvant therapy) and a direct effect (via removal of occult micrometastases), we identified an even more protective direct effect of 0.69 (0.63–0.75).ConclusionsOur results not only indicate the utility of ePLND but also that its impact is not restricted to a staging benefit and probably involves a therapeutic benefit mediated through the removal of occult micrometastases.
MicroRNAs in toxic acute kidney injury: Systematic scoping review of the current status
Authors: Shihana Fathima , Barron Melissa L. , Mohamed Fahim , Seth Devanshi , Buckley Nicholas A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAcute kidney injury induced by nephrotoxic agents is common, increasing in incidence and associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in developing countries. MicroRNAs are stable biomarkers that can be detected in extracellular fluids. This systematic scoping review aims to describe published research on urinary and circulating microRNAs in toxic acute kidney injury in both animal and human studies. We conducted a literature search, using EMBASE and Medline, for articles on urinary and circulating microRNA in nephrotoxic injuries to February 2020. A total of 21 publications studied acute kidney injury from 12 different toxic agents. Cisplatin was the most common nephrotoxic agent (n = 10), followed by antibiotics (n = 4). There were no randomized controlled trials. An increase in urinary miR‐218 predicted acute kidney injury in six different studies, suggesting it is a promising biomarker for nephrotoxin‐induced acute kidney injury. There were many factors that prevented a more comprehensive synthesis of microRNA performance including highly variable models, no consistent protocols for RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and PCR amplification, and variability in normalization methods using reference controls. In conclusion, while microRNAs are promising biomarkers to study nephrotoxic acute kidney injury, the replication of most positive findings is not assessable due to deficient reporting of negative outcomes. A very narrow range of poisons have been studied, and more human data are required. In particular, further studies are needed on the most important causes of nephrotoxic injury, such as pesticides, chemicals, snake envenoming, and medicines other than aminoglycosides and cisplatin.
The thermal decomposition behavior of the TNT‐RDX‐Al explosive by molecular kinetic simulation
Authors: Meng Jingwei , Wang Chenglong , Cheng Minghua , Zhang Shuhai , Gou Ruijun , Chen Yahong , Li Yang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe TNT‐RDX‐Al Explosive is an aluminum‐containing mixed explosive often used in civil and military equipment, but the decomposition mechanism has not been theoretically studied. In this paper, the reaction force field containing C/H/O/N/Al parameters was used to simulate the thermal decomposition of the TNT‐RDX‐Al Explosive by reaction kinetics simulation. And the results were compared with the thermal decomposition behaviors of the binary systems TNT/AlO RDX/AlO and TNT/RDX. The partially passivated nano‐aluminum particles were constructed and then mixed with TNT supercell, RDX supercell, and the constructed TNT/RDX supercell. The obtained mixed systems were then heated to a high temperature, where the explosive was completely decomposed. The decomposition process of the TNT‐RDX‐Al Explosive can be divided into several stages: the adsorption of aluminum atoms on TNT molecules and RDX molecules, the diffusion of O atoms into nano aluminum particles, the decomposition of TNT molecules and RDX molecules, the diffusion of C, H, N atoms into the nano aluminum particles, the Al atoms in the center of the aluminum sphere diffuse outward, and the final stage is the formation of the final product. The results show that the aluminum nanoparticles in the ternary system are easier to diffuse and spreads more widely. The addition of RDX molecules advances the time to complete decomposition of TNT molecules, and promotes the time when TNT molecules is completely decomposed to be closer to the time when RDX molecules is completely decomposed.
Label‐Free Phase Change Detection of Lipid Bilayers Using Nanoscale Diamond Magnetometry
Authors: Ishiwata Hitoshi , Watanabe Hiroshi C. , Hanashima Shinya , Iwasaki Takayuki , Hatano Mutsuko 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a quantum sensor with exceptional quality for highly sensitive nanoscale analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and thermometry. In this study, nanoscale phase change detection of lipid bilayers is investigated utilizing ensemble‐averaged nuclear spin detection from small volume ≈(6 nm)3, which is determined by the depth of the NV center. Analysis of nanoscale NMR signal confirms thickness of lipid bilayer to be 6.2 nm ± 3.4 nm with proton density of 65 protons per nm3 on top of diamond sample. The result of the correlation spectroscopy from nanoscale volume is compared with the 2D molecular diffusion model constructed by Monte Carlo simulation combined with results from molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. There is a change in diffusion constant from 1.5 ± 0.25 nm2 µs−1 to 3.0 ± 0.5 nm2 µs−1 when the temperature changes from 26.5 to 36.0 °C. The results demonstrate that the multi‐parameter detection of changes in translational diffusion and temperature is possible in label‐free measurements using nanoscale diamond magnetometry. The method paves the way for label‐free imaging of cell membranes for understanding their phase composition and dynamics.
M2‐Like TAMs Function Reversal Contributes to Breast Cancer Eradication by Combination Dual Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhao Wenrong , Hu Xiaochun , Li Wenhui , Li Ruihao , Chen Jinjin , Zhou Lulu , Qiang Sufeng , Wu Wenjing , Shi Shuo , Dong Chunyan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is considered to be a revolutionary anti‐tumor strategy that may surpass other traditional therapies. Breast cancer is particularly suitable for it theoretically due to upregulation of programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) / programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) immune checkpoint pathway which exhausts the adaptive immune response mediated by T lymphocytes. However, its blockades exhibit very little effect in breast cancer, owing to the lack of T lymphocytes pre‐infiltration and co‐existing of intricate immune negative microenvironment including the macrophage‐suppressed “Don't eat me” CD47 signal overexpression. Herein, a stimuli‐responsive multifunctional nanoplatform (ZIF‐PQ‐PDA‐AUN) is built. Its photothermal therapy can promote the infiltration of T lymphocytes in addition to ablating tumor cells and AUNP‐12 and PQ912 further boost both the innate and adaptive immune reactions by cutting off PD‐L1 and CD47 signals, respectively. In contrast to earlier single immunotherapy, the nanocomposites exhibit a stronger anti‐tumor immune effect without obvious autoimmune side effects, promoting infiltration of T lymphocyte into the tumor site and strengthening phagocytosis of macrophages, even more exciting, significantly reversing pro‐tumor M2‐like tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) to anti‐tumor M1‐like TAMs. The research may provide a promising strategy to develop high‐efficient and low‐toxic immunotherapy based on nanotechnology.
Classification of individual managers' systems thinking skills based on different organizational ownership structures
Authors: Nagahi Morteza , Hossain Niamat Ullah Ibne , Jaradat Raed , Dayarathna Vidanelage , Keating Chuck , Goerger Simon , Hamilton Michael 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe current body of literature lacks studies related to organizational managers' classification of systems thinking (ST) skills based on both their overall systemic tendency and the organizational ownership structure. The purpose of this study is to assess and classify the ST skills of senior managers who currently work in a complex business environment. Initially, we clustered managers' overall systemic thinking (OST) using the Bayesian latent class analysis (BLCA) method into two distinct clusters: managers with upper OST (holistic thinker) and managers with lower OST (reductionist thinker). Further, we classified managers' ST skills into two predefined classes to understand the characteristics of each group better. A total of 51 senior managers from two different organizational structures participated in this study. Results show that the ST skills of managers in public are more towards the upper OST/holistic cluster, whereas managers from the private sector have an inclination towards lower OST/reductionist cluster.
Experimental study of axial compression of reinforced concrete columns made by environment‐friendly post‐filling coarse aggregate process
Authors: Cao Qi , Jia Jinqing , Zhang Lihua , Ye Hao , Lv Xianrui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe increase of coarse aggregate content decreases the shrinkage of concrete, decreases the cost of concrete production as well as reduces the carbon dioxide emission to the environment. In this study, the mixture proportions of PFCC (post‐filling coarse aggregate concrete) for C40, C50, and C60 were designed and the comprehensive performances of workability, compressive strength and elastic modulus were conducted experimentally. Then, 15 reinforced concrete columns made by PFCC with different concrete grades and post filling rates (PFR) were designed and tested. The failure mode, load‐deflection curve, load‐strain curve and load bearing capacity were analyzed and elaborated. Results showed that, compared with the conventional concrete, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of the post filling coarse aggregate concrete were improved, which reached the highest when the post filling rate is 20%. At the same time, the load bearing capacity of column specimen increased first and then decreased as the post filling rate increased, with the transition point being at 10% post filling rate. This study provides reference and research data for technical regulations and design specifications of structural members made of post filling coarse aggregate concrete.
Functionalized Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Hg(II) and Cd(II) Capture: Progresses and Challenges
Authors: Yang Changyin , Tian Jiayue , Jiang Feilong , Chen Qihui , Hong Maochun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMercury and cadmium are deemed to be the most harmful heavy metal ions for elimination due to their persistent bio‐accumulative and bio‐expanding toxic effects. Although many technologies have been developed for capturing Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution, developing efficient and practical capature technology remains a big challenge. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been considered as the most promising adsorbents for Hg(II) and Cd(II) removal due to their high porosity and easy functionalization, and various of MOF‐based adsorbents based on different synthetic strategies have been prepared and studied. In this article, the progresses of MOF‐based absorbents for Hg(II) and Cd(II) capture are described according to the synthetic strategies and the types of functional groups, and the comparison and practical analysis of various adsorbents are also presented.
Role of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging in fetuses with isolated anomalies of corpus callosum: multinational study
Authors:   The ENSO Working Group
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the performance of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting associated anomalies in fetuses diagnosed with isolated corpus callosal (CC) anomaly on multiplanar ultrasound evaluation of the fetal brain (neurosonography).MethodsThis was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study involving 14 fetal medicine centers in Italy, UK, Portugal, Canada, Austria and Spain. Inclusion criteria were fetuses with an apparently isolated CC anomaly, defined as an anomaly of the CC and no other additional central nervous system (CNS) or extra‐CNS abnormality detected on expert ultrasound, including multiplanar neurosonography; normal karyotype; maternal age ≥ 18 years; and gestational age at diagnosis ≥ 18 weeks. The primary outcome was the rate of additional CNS abnormalities detected exclusively on fetal MRI within 2 weeks following neurosonography. The secondary outcomes were the rate of additional abnormalities according to the type of CC abnormality (complete (cACC) or partial (pACC) agenesis of the CC) and the rate of additional anomalies detected only on postnatal imaging or at postmortem examination.ResultsA total of 269 fetuses with a sonographic prenatal diagnosis of apparently isolated CC anomalies (207 with cACC and 62 with pACC) were included in the analysis. Additional structural anomalies of the CNS were detected exclusively on prenatal MRI in 11.2% (30/269) of cases, with malformations of cortical development representing the most common type of anomaly. When stratifying the analysis according to the type of CC anomaly, the rate of associated anomalies detected exclusively on MRI was 11.6% (24/207) in cACC cases and 9.7% (6/62) in pACC cases. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, only maternal body mass index was associated independently with the likelihood of detecting associated anomalies on MRI (odds ratio, 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01–1.14); P = 0.03). Associated anomalies were detected exclusively after delivery and were missed on both types of prenatal imaging in 3.9% (8/205) of fetuses with prenatal diagnosis of isolated anomaly of the CC.ConclusionIn fetuses with isolated anomaly of the CC diagnosed on antenatal neurosonography, MRI can identify a small proportion of additional anomalies, mainly malformations of cortical development, which are not detected on ultrasound. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
UV‐Lasertechnologie in der PLD
Authors: Delmdahl Ralph 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Erfolgsrezept für jede Vakuum‐Dünnschichttechnologie in der Produktion ist das Meistern des Spagats zwischen präzisem Abscheiden der dünnen Funktionsschicht und gleichzeitigem Erreichen industriell relevanter Abscheideraten. Die Methode der gepulsten Laserabscheidung (Pulsed Laser Deposition) ist nicht zuletzt durch Fortschritte in der Vakuumsystemtechnik sowie durch die Erhöhung von Ausgangsleistung und Stabilität der eingesetzten UV‐Excimer‐Laser ihren Kinderschuhen entwachsen und hat sich als eine bewährte Methode zur Dünnschichterzeugung im Industriemaßstab durchgesetzt.
Mit Nichts in die Kälte
Authors: Lausberg Stefan , Brando Manuel , Lühmann Thomas 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungVerdünnungskryostate werden für unterschiedliche Anwendungen eingesetzt, so zum Beispiel im großen Stil bei der Entwicklung von Quantencomputern, oder aber auch für die Grundlagenforschung in der Festkörperphysik. Vakuumtechnik spielt bei der Erzeugung der tiefen Temperaturen eine zentrale Rolle. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet die notwendigen Eigenschaften von Vakuumpumpen, die die sogenannte 3He/4He‐Mischung zirkulieren. Neben der Ergebnisse eines Feldtests mit einer mehrstufigen Wälzkolbenpumpe wird der Einsatz von Pumpsystemen diskutiert.
Writing a Quality Management Plan
Authors: Magri Mara 
Published: February 2021

AbstractQuality management systems (QMS) are central to FACT-JACIE accreditation standards for haematopoietic cell therapy (HCT) programmes. The quality management plan (QMP) defines the acceptable level of quality of the activities performed or of the products released by the HCT programme and describes how this level of quality in its deliverables and work processes will be ensured. An integrated HCT programme may have a single or several QMPs that addresses all aspects of the clinical, collection, and processing facilities, whilst separate organizations providing the components of an HCT programme may have distinct QMPs joined via service-level agreements (SLAs) and other arrangements. The QMP or QMPs must detail all key elements that affect the quality of recipient and donor care and cellular therapy products. The specific SOPs to be followed for each of these elements should be referenced within QMPs, and linked to the appropriate document where the details are described. The thoroughness in preparation of a QMP and its implementation reflect how quality is perceived within the HCT programme and by external inspectors in the accreditation process.
Calabi-Yau products: graded quivers for general toric Calabi-Yaus
Authors: Franco Sebastián , Hasan Azeem 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The open string sector of the topological B-model on CY (m + 2)-folds is described by m-graded quivers with superpotentials. This correspondence generalizes the connection between CY (m + 2)-folds and gauge theories on the worldvolume of D(5 − 2m)-branes for m = 0, . . . , 3 to arbitrary m. In this paper we introduce the Calabi-Yau product, a new algorithm that starting from the known quiver theories for a pair of toric CYm+2 and CYn+2 produces the quiver theory for a related CYm+n+3. This method significantly supersedes existing ones, enabling the simple determination of quiver theories for geometries that were previously out of practical reach.