bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography assessment of aortic stenosis
Authors: Cartlidge Timothy RG , Bing Rong , Kwiecinski Jacek , Guzzetti Ezequiel , Pawade Tania A , Doris Mhairi K , Adamson Philip D , Massera Daniele , Lembo Maria , Peeters Frederique E C M , Couture Christian , Berman Daniel S , Dey Damini , Slomka Piotr , Pibarot Philippe , Newby David E , Clavel Marie-Annick , Dweck Marc R 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivesNon-contrast CT aortic valve calcium scoring ignores the contribution of valvular fibrosis in aortic stenosis. We assessed aortic valve calcific and non-calcific disease using contrast-enhanced CT.MethodsThis was a post hoc analysis of 164 patients (median age 71 (IQR 66–77) years, 78% male) with aortic stenosis (41 mild, 89 moderate, 34 severe; 7% bicuspid) who underwent echocardiography and contrast-enhanced CT as part of imaging studies. Calcific and non-calcific (fibrosis) valve tissue volumes were quantified and indexed to annulus area, using Hounsfield unit thresholds calibrated against blood pool radiodensity. The fibrocalcific ratio assessed the relative contributions of valve fibrosis and calcification. The fibrocalcific volume (sum of indexed non-calcific and calcific volumes) was compared with aortic valve peak velocity and, in a subgroup, histology and valve weight.ResultsContrast-enhanced CT calcium volumes correlated with CT calcium score (r=0.80, p<0.001) and peak aortic jet velocity (r=0.55, p<0.001). The fibrocalcific ratio decreased with increasing aortic stenosis severity (mild: 1.29 (0.98–2.38), moderate: 0.87 (1.48–1.72), severe: 0.47 (0.33–0.78), p<0.001) while the fibrocalcific volume increased (mild: 109 (75–150), moderate: 191 (117–253), severe: 274 (213–344) mm3/cm2). Fibrocalcific volume correlated with ex vivo valve weight (r=0.72, p<0.001). Compared with the Agatston score, fibrocalcific volume demonstrated a better correlation with peak aortic jet velocity (r=0.59 and r=0.67, respectively), particularly in females (r=0.38 and r=0.72, respectively).ConclusionsContrast-enhanced CT assessment of aortic valve calcific and non-calcific volumes correlates with aortic stenosis severity and may be preferable to non-contrast CT when fibrosis is a significant contributor to valve obstruction.
Clot composition in retrieved thrombi after mechanical thrombectomy in strokes due to carotid web
Authors: Koneru Sitara , Nogueira Raul G , Osehobo Ehizele , Oprea-Ilies Gabriela , Al-Bayati Alhamza R , Brinjikji Waleed , Dai Daying , Haussen Diogo C 
Published: January 2021

Background
The association of carotid webs (CaW) and ischemic stroke is being increasingly recognized. Data on the histologic clot architecture in strokes caused by CaW has not been previously described. Understanding thrombi histopathology may provide insight into the pathophysiology of CaW-related strokes.

Methods
This case series presents three patients with acute ischemic stroke thought to be caused by ipsilateral CaW. Thromboemboli were retrieved from the middle cerebral artery (MCA) by mechanical thrombectomy and histologic analysis was performed.

Results
Three patients aged between 41 and 55 years with few to no vascular risk factors presented with symptoms concerning for an acute MCA territory infarction (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) range 10–17). Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) range was 7–8 and all patients had hyperdense vessel sign. Initial CT angiogram was concerning for CaW with no superimposed thrombus, later confirmed with conventional angiography. All patients underwent thrombectomy with full reperfusion. Comprehensive stroke workup failed to reveal other etiologies besides ipsilateral CaW. The histopathologic appearance was of typical fresh mixed thrombi. Qualitative thrombus composition analysis of clot from Case #1 yielded 42.5% fibrin, 50.0% red blood cells (RBC), and 7.5% white blood cells (WBC); Case #2 yielded 46.9% fibrin, 43.4% RBC, and 9.7% WBC; and Case #3 yielded 61.5% fibrin, 31.8% RBC, and 6.7% WBC.

Conclusions
The clot composition of large vessel occlusion strokes from CaW is comparable to the histopathology of previously reported clots from other stroke etiologies. Advanced staining techniques may aid in further characterizing the thrombi of this poorly understood condition.
Young people’s perspectives on patient-reported outcome measures in inflammatory arthritis: results of a multicentre European qualitative study from a EULAR task force
Authors: Mosor Erika , Studenic Paul , Alunno Alessia , Padjen Ivan , Olsder Wendy , Ramiro Sofia , Bini Ilaria , Caeyers Nele , Gossec Laure , Kouloumas Marios , Nikiphorou Elena , Stones Simon , Wilhelmer Tanita-Christina , Stamm Tanja A 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionAlthough patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used in clinical practice and research, it is unclear whether these instruments cover the perspective of young people with inflammatory arthritis (IA). The aims of this study were to explore whether PROMs commonly used in IA adequately cover the perspective of young people from different European countries.MethodsA multinational qualitative study was conducted in Austria, Croatia, Italy and the Netherlands. Young people with either rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), Still’s disease, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) or spondyloarthritis (SpA), aged 18–35 years, participated in semistructured focus group interviews. Thematic analysis was used and data saturation was defined as no new emergent concepts in at least three subsequent focus groups.ResultsFifty-three patients (21 with RA/JIA/Still’s, 17 with PsA, 15 with SpA; 72% women) participated in 12 focus groups. Participants expressed a general positive attitude towards PROMs and emphasised their importance in clinical practice. In addition, 48 lower level concepts were extracted and summarised into 6 higher level concepts describing potential issues for improvement. These included: need for lay-term information regarding the purpose of using PROMs; updates of certain outdated items and using digital technology for data acquisition. Some participants admitted their tendency to rate pain, fatigue or disease activity differently from what they actually felt for various reasons.ConclusionsDespite their general positive attitude, young people with IA suggested areas for PROM development to ensure that important concepts are included, making PROMs relevant over the entire course of a chronic disease.
Ag Deposition on N and B Co-doped TiO2 Nanoparticles: An Avenue for High-Efficiency Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye and Hydrocarbons in Oil-Contaminated Wastewater
Authors: Liu Wenfei , Zhao Yingjie , Li Huiting , Liu Xianbin , Liu Wei 
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, the treatment of refractory wastewater such as oil-field wastewater has become one of the most concerning environmental problems. Using nanometer photocatalyst to treat wastewater under visible light is an alternative solution. In this study, N and B co-doped TiO2 particles with Ag surface modification (Ag/TNB) were prepared to improve the visible-light activity. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–VisDRS. The decomposition of Rh.B, and hydrocarbons in the oil-field wastewater under visible light was studied. The results showed that the presence of N, B and Ag improved the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. 98% of Rh.B was removed after 1 h photocatalysis at the conditions of pH 6 with the catalyst loading of 1 g/L. The COD value of oil-field wastewater was reduced by 54% after 2 h at the conditions of pH 8 with the catalyst loading of 2 g/L. The modified catalyst revealed its great potential in the practical application for environmental purification.
Selective ERBB2 and BCL2 Inhibition Is Synergistic for Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis in MDS and AML Cells
Authors: Kam Angel Y.F. , Piryani Sadhna O. , Lee Chang-Lung , Rizzieri David A. , Spector Neil L. , Sarantopoulos Stefanie , Doan Phuong L. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

The ERBB2 proto-oncogene is associated with an aggressive phenotype in breast cancer. Its role in hematologic malignancies is incompletely defined, in part because ERBB2 is not readily detected on the surface of cancer cells. We demonstrate that truncated ERBB2, which lacks the extracellular domain, is overexpressed on primary CD34+ myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells compared with healthy hematopoietic cells. This overexpression of ERBB2 is associated with aberrant, oncogenic signaling with autophosphorylation of multiple tyrosine sites. Like in breast cancers, ERBB2 can exist as truncated isoforms p95ERBB2 and p110ERBB2 in MDS and AML. Neutralization of ERBB2 signaling with ERBB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (i.e., lapatinib, afatinib, and neratinib) increases apoptotic cell death and reduces human engraftment of MDS cells in mice at 21 weeks posttransplantation. Inhibition of ERBB2 modulates the expression of multiple pro- and anti-apoptotic mitochondrial proteins, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2). Dual blockade with ERBB2 and BCL2 inhibitors triggers additional reductions of BCL2 phosphorylation and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1) expression compared with single drug treatment. Dual therapy was synergistic at all tested doses, with a dose reduction index of up to 29 for lapatinib + venetoclax compared with venetoclax alone. Notably, these agents operated together and shifted cancer cells to a pro-apoptotic phenotype, resulting in increased mitochondrial cytochrome c release and activated caspase-3-mediated cell death.

Implications:
These findings warrant study of ERBB2 and BCL2 combination therapy in patients with MDS and AML.
Diet-Dependent Metabolic Regulation of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair in Cancer: More Choices on the Menu
Authors: de Polo Anna , Labbé David P. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Despite several epidemiologic and preclinical studies supporting the role of diet in cancer progression, the complexity of the diet–cancer link makes it challenging to deconvolute the underlying mechanisms, which remain scantly elucidated. This review focuses on genomic instability as one of the cancer hallmarks affected by diet-dependent metabolic alterations. We discuss how altered dietary intake of metabolites of the one-carbon metabolism, including methionine, folate, and vitamins B and C, can impact the methylation processes and thereby tumorigenesis. We present the concept that the protumorigenic effect of certain diets, such as the Western diet, is in part due to a diet-induced erosion of the DNA repair capacity caused by altered epigenetic and epitranscriptomic landscapes, while the protective effect of other dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, can be partly explained by their ability to sustain a proficient DNA repair. In particular, considering that diet-dependent alterations of the one-carbon metabolism can impact the rate of methylation processes, changes in dietary patterns can affect the activity of writers and erasers of histone and RNA methyl marks and consequently impair their role in ensuring a proficient DNA damage repair.
Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells Induce Nitric Oxide–Dependent DNA Damage and p53 Pathway Activation in CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Cartwright Adam N.R. , Suo Shengbao , Badrinath Soumya , Kumar Sushil , Melms Johannes , Luoma Adrienne , Bagati Archis , Saadatpour Assieh , Izar Benjamin , Yuan Guo-Cheng , Wucherpfennig Kai W. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are associated with poor survival outcomes in many human cancers. MDSCs inhibit T cell–mediated tumor immunity in part because they strongly inhibit T-cell function. However, whether MDSCs inhibit early or later steps of T-cell activation is not well established. Here we show that MDSCs inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of CD8+ T cells even in the presence of dendritic cells (DC) presenting a high-affinity cognate peptide. This inhibitory effect was also observed with delayed addition of MDSCs to cocultures, consistent with functional data showing that T cells expressed multiple early activation markers even in the presence of MDSCs. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of CD8+ T cells demonstrated a p53 transcriptional signature in CD8+ T cells cocultured with MDSCs and DCs. Confocal microscopy showed induction of DNA damage and nuclear accumulation of activated p53 protein in a substantial fraction of these T cells. DNA damage in T cells was dependent on the iNOS enzyme and subsequent nitric oxide release by MDSCs. Small molecule–mediated inhibition of iNOS or inactivation of the Nos2 gene in MDSCs markedly diminished DNA damage in CD8+ T cells. DNA damage in CD8+ T cells was also observed in KPC pancreatic tumors but was reduced in tumors implanted into Nos2-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. These data demonstrate that MDSCs do not block early steps of T-cell activation but rather induce DNA damage and p53 pathway activation in CD8+ T cells through an iNOS-dependent pathway.
Fish communities and associated habitat variables in the upper Subansiri River of Arunachal Pradesh, eastern Himalaya, India
Authors: Satpathy Sutanu , Sivakumar Kuppusamy , Johnson Jeyaraj Antony 
Published: January 2021

Ecological information on the rivers of eastern Himalaya, specifically the state of Arunachal Pradesh is not studied well. The present study describes fish assemblage patterns and deriving relationships between local habitat variables in the upper reaches of Subansiri River, Arunachal Pradesh. This study was carried out during October to November 2014 and February to March 2015. A total of 26 fish species belonging to eight families were recorded, in which eight species are endemic to the eastern Himalayan region. Fish species richness varied from two to 18 species in the upper reaches of Subansiri River and high species diversity was recorded in Sigin Stream (H’=2.76). Based on the seven habitat variables (water velocity, depth, channel width, percentage of substrate composition, percentage of riparian vegetation, altitude, and water temperature) then streams were categorized into lower-order and higher-order streams using principal component analysis (PCA). The site-wise fish abundance data along with habitat variable information was then subjected to the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) for testing the association of habitat variables on fish abundance. The CCA results revealed that the abundance of large-size barbs, Neolissochilus hexagonolepis, N. nigrovittatus, Schizothorax progastus, and S. richardsonii were strongly associated with high altitude, water velocity, rich dissolved oxygen, and good riparian vegetation. On the other hand, Channa gachua, Botia rostrata, Danio rerio, Devario aequipinnatus, and Garra nasuta showed strong association with warm water streams with more conductivity.
Maternal care and secretive behaviour of neonates in the highly social lizard Liolaemus leopardinus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from the central Chilean Andes may relate to size-specific bird predation
Authors: Santoyo-Brito Enrique , Perea-Fox Susana , Núñez Herman , Fox Stanley F. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Predation prompts the evolution of antipredator traits, molds behaviour, and can lead to the evolution of parental care. We investigated parental care and predator-avoidance behaviour of neonates in the social lizard Liolaemus leopardinus. We used clay models to quantify bird predation pressure on L. leopardinus. Predation was significantly greater on small models and models in open habitat. Late-term pregnant females left their social groups on rock outcrops and gave birth in solitary underneath flat rocks in vegetated microhabitat. Mothers stayed with their litters inside natal chambers for at least 24 h and when they left, sealed the neonates inside. Mothers remained close to their natal chamber and neonates when neonates emerged. Neonates and young yearlings moved significantly less and occupied vegetated microhabitat significantly more than older age classes. We suggest that the maternal behaviour and secretive behaviour of neonates may be related to the heavy avian predation on neonates.
Electrically Doped Nanoscale Devices Using First-Principle Approach: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Dey Debarati , De Debashis , Ahmadian Ali , Ghaemi Ferial , Senu Norazak 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDoping is the key feature in semiconductor device fabrication. Many strategies have been discovered for controlling doping in the area of semiconductor physics during the past few decades. Electrical doping is a promising strategy that is used for effective tuning of the charge populations, electronic properties, and transmission properties. This doping process reduces the risk of high temperature, contamination of foreign particles. Significant experimental and theoretical efforts are demonstrated to study the characteristics of electrical doping during the past few decades. In this article, we first briefly review the historical roadmap of electrical doping. Secondly, we will discuss electrical doping at the molecular level. Thus, we will review some experimental works at the molecular level along with we review a variety of research works that are performed based on electrical doping. Then we figure out importance of electrical doping and its importance. Furthermore, we describe the methods of electrical doping. Finally, we conclude with a brief comparative study between electrical and conventional doping methods.
Photoluminescence and Boosting Electron–Phonon Coupling in CdS Nanowires with Variable Sn(IV) Dopant Concentration
Authors: Peng Yuehua , Luo Yuan , Zhou Weichang , Zhong Xuying , Yin Yanling , Tang Dongsheng , Zou Bingsuo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHigh-quality Sn(IV)-doped CdS nanowires were synthesized by a thermal evaporation route. Both XRD and Raman scattering spectrum confirmed the doping effect. The room temperature photoluminescence (PL) demonstrated that both near bandgap emission and discrete trapped-state emission appeared simultaneously and significantly, which were attributed to the strong exciton trapping by impurities and electron–phonon coupling during the light transportation. The PL intensity ratio of near bandgap emission to trapped-state emission could be tune via doped Sn(IV) concentration in the CdS nanowires. It is interesting that the trapped-state emission shows well separated peaks with the assistance of 1LO, 2LO, 4LO phonons, demonstrating the boosting electron–phonon coupling in these doped CdS nanowires. The influence of Sn(IV) dopant is further revealed by PL lifetime decay profile. The optical micro-cavity also plays an important role on this emission process. Our results will be helpful to the understanding of doping modulated carrier interaction, trapping and recombination in one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures.
Placenta percreta after Strassman metroplasty of complete bicornuate uterus: a case report
Authors: Zhang Chengyan , Wang Xiaoxin , Jiang Haili , Hou Lei , Zou Liying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
A bicornuate uterus often results in infertility. While reconstructive procedures may facilitate pregnancy, spontaneous abortion or serious pregnancy complications may occur. We present a case of a bicornuate uterus with spontaneous conception after Strassman metroplasty; however, life-threatening complications during pregnancy occurred.

Case presentation
: A 38-year-old woman with a history of infertility presented for prenatal care at 6 weeks of gestation. She had conceived spontaneously after four failed in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) procedures, Strassman metroplasty for a complete bicornuate uterus, and two postoperative IVF-ET pregnancies that ended in embryo arrest. This pregnancy was uneventful until the patient presented with massive vaginal bleeding at 28 weeks of gestation and was diagnosed with placenta previa and placenta percreta. Bleeding was controlled after emergency Caesarean section and delivery of a healthy neonate. However, severe adhesions were noted as well as a rupture along the metroplasty scar. Two days later, on removal of the intrauterine gauze packing, severe hemorrhage resumed, and the uterus did not respond to oxytocin, hemabate, or carbetocin. Emergency hysterectomy was required.

Conclusions
Reconstructive surgical procedures for complete bicornuate uterus may allow patients to achieve spontaneous pregnancies. However, potential intrapartum complications include placenta implantation and postpartum hemorrhage, and the latter may be exacerbated as the uterus does not contract or respond to oxytocin or prostaglandin drugs. Patients should be counseled on the risks associated with pregnancy after Strassman metroplasty, and clinicians must be aware of potential severe complications.
Prevalence and its associated factors of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yu Mingli , Tian Fangqiong , Cui Qi , Wu Hui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a mental health crisis around the world. The psychological health of college students also faces great challenges. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the related factors of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students.

Methods
This online cross-sectional survey was conducted via Wenjuanxing platform from March 3–15, 2020 and received 1681 effective questionnaires. Each questionnaire contains the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Herth Hope Index, and the self-designed items. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the significantly associated factors of depressive symptoms.

Results
The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students was 56.8%. Sleep problems (OR 2.678, 95%CI 2.094–3.424), family members’ going out (OR 1.775, 95%CI 1.089–2.894), perceived more stress for online education (OR 1.642, 95%CI 1.191–2.263), fear of COVID-19 (OR 1.450, 95%CI 1.121–1.876), influence on social interaction (OR 1.354, 95%CI 1.053–1.741) and higher grade (OR 1.378, 95%CI 1.046–1.816) were considered as risk factors of depressive symptoms. Perceived social support (OR 0.354, 95%CI 0.259–0.484), hope (OR 0.052, 95%CI 0.034–0.080), female (OR:0.557, 95%CI 0.427–0.725) and higher monthly disposable income (OR 0.666, 95%CI 0.447–0.993) were identified as protective factors against depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
There was a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to find ways to alleviate the pressure and fear of college students, to provide them with more social support, and to help them adapt to the changes in learning style and lifestyle.