bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Asteroid Types: Importance of Individual and Combined Features
Authors: Klimczak Hanna , Kotłowski Wojciech , Oszkiewicz Dagmara , DeMeo Francesca , Kryszczyńska Agnieszka , Wilawer Emil , Carry Benoit 
Published: December 2021

Asteroid taxonomies provide a link to surface composition and mineralogy of those objects, although that connection is not fully unique. Currently, one of the most commonly used asteroid taxonomies is that of Bus-DeMeo. The spectral range covering 0.45–2.45 μm is used to assign a taxonomic class in that scheme. Such observations are only available for a few hundreds of asteroids (out of over one million). On the other hand, a growing amount of space and ground-based surveys delivers multi-filter photometry, which is often used in predicting asteroid types. Those surveys are typically dedicated to studying other astronomical objects, and thus not optimized for asteroid taxonomic classifications. The goal of this study was to quantify the importance and performance of different asteroid spectral features, parameterizations, and methods in predicting the asteroid types. Furthermore, we aimed to identify the key spectral features that can be used to optimize future surveys toward asteroid characterization. Those broad surveys typically are restricted to a few bands; therefore, selecting those that best link them to asteroid taxonomy is crucial in light of maximizing the science output for solar system studies. First, we verified that with the increased number of asteroid spectra, the Bus–DeMeo procedure to create taxonomy still produces the same overall scheme. Second, we confirmed that machine learning methods such as naive Bayes, support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting, and multilayer networks can reproduce that taxonomic classification at a high rate of over 81% balanced accuracy for types and 93% for complexes. We found that multilayer perceptron with three layers of 32 neurons and stochastic gradient descent solver, batch size of 32, and adaptive learning performed the best in the classification task. Furthermore, the top five features (spectral slope and reflectance at 1.05, 0.9, 0.65, and 1.1 μm) are enough to obtain a balanced accuracy of 93% for the prediction of complexes and six features (spectral slope and reflectance at 1.4, 1.05, 0.9, 0.95, and 0.65 μm) to obtain 81% balanced accuracy for taxonomic types. Thus, to optimize future surveys toward asteroid classification, we recommend using filters that cover those features.
Family Composition and Stability for Orphans: A Longitudinal Study of Well-Being in 5 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Gray Christine L. , Whetten Kathryn , Daniels Julie L. , Hudgens Michael G. , Pettifor Audrey E. , Hobbie Amy M. , Thielman Nathan M. , Dubie Misganaw E. , Itemba Dafrosa , Madan Ira , Vann Vanroth , Wasonga Augustine I. , Manongi Rachel , Ostermann Jan , Whetten Rachel A. , Pence Brian W. 
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Many orphaned children in low- and middle-income countries live with family. Yet, their household composition and its stability are not well-characterized, nor is impact of stability on longer-term outcomes.Methods: We used the longitudinal, multi-country Positive Outcomes for Orphans cohort to describe adult family living with orphans. Stability was measured by changes in presence of six familial relations over time, and related to three outcomes: 1) incident abuse, 2) cognitive functioning, 3) emotional difficulties. Associations were estimated using generalized linear models fit with generalized estimating equations. For abuse, Poisson regression estimated risk ratios. For continuous scores of cognitive functioning and emotional difficulties, linear models estimated mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals.Results: Among 1,359 orphans, 53–61% reported living with their mother each year; 7–13% with father; nearly 60% reported ≥1 change in composition over follow-up. Compared to 0 changes, difficulties increased with 1 change [MD: 0.23 (−0.33, 0.79)], 2 changes [MD: 0.57 (0.00, 1.16)] and ≥3 changes [MD: 0.73 (0.18, 1.29)]. No associations were found with abuse or cognitive functioning.Conclusion: Orphan well-being may be improved through supports stabilizing household composition or targeting emotional resilience.
Kidney Injury in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Does Not Meet KDIGO-AKI Criteria
Authors: Verploegen Maartje F.A. , Boers-Sonderen Marye J. , Piet Berber , Wetzels Jack F.M. 
Published: December 2021

Key Points

Kidney injury in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors develops gradually and often does not meet the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria for AKI.Proper classification of kidney injury could prevent the development of CKD and improve continued oncologic treatment.
Design and Fabrication of Low Cost Modified Maneuverable Standing Stretcher Wheelchair Transport System
Authors: Srinidhi Acharya S.R  , Suresh P.M  
Published: December 2021

Wheel Chairs are one of the convenient man made structure which are highly useful for person with disability. The major problem of this wheelchair is the architectural obstacles such as stairs etc. Many researchers around the globe have worked on wheel chair design so as to make the user independent. The question of overcoming these obstacles by a wheelchair always is the most discussed topics in recent days.
This paper involves in fabricating a wheel chair which is motor operated. It is stair climbing wheelchair design which concept which overcomes the structural obstacles. The fabrication of an ergonomically designed battery operated wheel chair for multi usage is done. Concept of stairs climbing function is embedded in the design by adopting new design and mechanism. The design considerations of the wheelchair are based on the standard design of the stairs which are constructed in India. The work deals with design and fabrication of wheelchair convertible to bed. It is also equipped with a standing aid which helps the disabled individual to stand up and perform certain work.
The design involves the use of electrical linear actuators which consists of an assembly of motor driven power screw to make the transformation from sitting to a bed by using a hand held remote, overcoming the need of a another person to shift the patient from wheelchair to bed. This project offers multiple features over a standard wheelchair and is very economical in comparison to commercially available wheelchairs.
OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL-SIZED ANTENNA DEVICES OF THE MEDIUM FREQUENCY RANGE IN MINES
Authors: КОЛЕСНИКОВ А.В. 
Published: December 2021

Представлены результаты исследования трех малогабаритных антенн (электрического,магнитного и магнитоэлектрического типов)СВ-диапазона с целью определения особенностей их эксплуатации в рудниках и шахтах,т.е. в диспергирующих средах. Рассмотрены импедансные характеристики и изменение частотных зависимостей коэффициента стоячей волны в ближней зоне антенн, обусловленное непостоянством электрических характеристик горных пород при перемещении антенн вдоль горной выработки. Проведена оценка стабильности работы портативных радиостанций при подводимой к малогабаритной антенне мощности 1 Вт с учетом времени,характерного для сеансов связи. Даны рекомендации по эксплуатации антенн в условиях рудников и шахт.
The article investigates three main types of small antennas (electric, magnetic and magnetoelectric) of the medium frequency range in order to determine the features of their operation in mines, i.e. in dispersing media. The impedance characteristics and the change in the frequency dependences of the standing wave ratio are considered when the situation in the near zone changes. An assessment of the stability of the operation of portable radio stations at an input power of 1 W has been carried out, taking into account the time characteristic of communication sessions. Recommendations for the operation of antennas in mines are given.
O atendimento educacional de pessoas com Síndrome de Down no estado do Paraná em contraponto com a Política Nacional de Educação Especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva
Authors: Beatriz Bruno , Thomazi Larissa Gabriele Oligari , De Freitas Patricia Vernona , Ferreira Edna Alves 
Published: December 2021

A presente pesquisa versa sobre o atendimento educacional para pessoas com Síndrome de Down de 04 a 17 anos no estado do Paraná em vias de encontro com a política de educação especial dos demais estados da federação na perspectiva da educação inclusiva.

Palavras- Chave: Síndrome de Down, educação especial, inclusão
Landmarks in Romanian History of Anti-Aircraft Artillery
Authors: Gherman Laurian , Roman Cosmina , Żmigrodzka Małgorzata 
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this article is to present the decisive contribution that Brigadier General Ion Bungescu had to the development of anti-aircraft artillery in Romania. To achieve this objective we describe in the paper the evolution of the anti-aircraft gun director computer he invented, as well as its modus operandi. The adopted methods include quantitative and qualitative analyses of documents, manuals and albums published during the considered period, and some published by Brigadier General Ion Bungescu. The results of the article are presented in the context of the accelerated development of military aviation between the two world wars. This development put terrible pressure on the development of anti-aircraft artillery that started with land guns adapted for anti-aircraft firing in 1916 and reached anti-aircraft guns controlled by Gun Director Computer in 1945. We can compare the development of military aviation during that time with the development of information technology over the last 30 years, from connecting computers in the network to the use of artificial intelligence.
Determination of nonlinear forces of the second order arising from the interaction of waves and certain types of ship’s motions
Authors: Семенова В.Ю. , Альбаев Д.А. 
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается определение нелинейных сил второго порядка, обусловленных взаимодействием набегающего, дифрагированного волнения и волнения, обусловленного различными видами колебаний на основании применения трехмерной потенциальной теории. Для их определения необходимо вычисление потенциалов второго порядка малости. Представленное решение в отечественной практике является новым. Решение задачи осуществляется на основании методов малого параметра и интегральных уравнений с учетом нелинейного граничного условия на свободной поверхностью жидкости. В работе расчет интегралов по свободной поверхности проводится напрямую за счет их сходимости на бесконечном удалении от судна. Нелинейные силы и моменты определяются в работе с использованием различных функций Грина: для бесконечно-глубокой жидкости и жидкости ограниченной глубины, когда . Полученные результаты практически полностью согласуются между собой. Приводятся результаты расчетов нелинейных сил и моментов для разных судов. Расчеты представлены в сравнении с расчетами по двумерной теории, выполненными также для случая бесконечно глубокой жидкости и жидкости ограниченной глубины при больших значениях отношения глубины к осадке H/T. Показано хорошее согласование результатов между собой в большинстве случаев. Показана возможность расчета нелинейных сил, возникающих при взаимодействии волнения и отдельных видов качки на произвольных курсовых углах.
The article considers the definition of nonlinear second-order forces caused by the interaction of incoming, diffracted waves and waves caused by various types of motions based on the application of three-dimensional potential theory. To determine them, it is necessary to calculate the potentials of the second order of smallness. The presented solution is new in domestic practice. The problem is solved on the basis of small parameter methods and integral equations taking into account the nonlinear boundary condition on the free surface of the liquid. The paper shows the possibility of calculating the integrals over the free surface directly due to their convergence at an infinite distance from the ship. Nonlinear forces and moments are determined in the work using various Green's functions: for an infinitely deep fluid and a fluid of limited depth when H → ∞. The results obtained are in almost complete agreement with each other. The results of calculations of nonlinear forces and moments for different ships are presented. The calculations are presented in comparison with the calculations according to the two-dimensional theory, performed also for the case of an infinitely deep liquid and a liquid of limited depth at large values of ratio H / T. A good agreement of the results is shown among themselves in most cases. The possibility of calculating nonlinear forces arising from the interaction of waves and certain types of motions at arbitrary course angles is shown.
Strength analysis of ship shafts made of polymer composite materials
Authors: Коршунов В.А. , Мудрик Р.С. , Пономарев Д.А. , Родионов А.А. 
Published: December 2021

В работе отмечена актуальность применения ПКМ для перспективных проектов судов при отсутствии инженерных методов расчета параметров НДС таких изделий. Сделана попытка исследования возможностей аналитического и численного подходов для анализа прочностных и жесткостных характеристик судовых валов из ПКМ. Разработана расчетная модель вала в виде цилиндрической оболочки, составленной из пакета нескольких монослоев, каждый из которых сформирован из армирующего волокна и связующей матрицы. Представлены аналитические зависимости для вычисления обобщенных характеристик жесткости оболочки вала и параметров НДС как оболочки в целом, так и ее монослоев. Эти зависимости использованы для расчетного исследования параметров прочности промежуточного вала из ПКМ для танкера химовоза. В процессе исследования варьировалась ориентация и количество монослоев в пакете. Верификация полученных результатов выполнена с помощью расчетных моделей МКЭ. В результате установлено, что аналитические зависимости позволяют получить достоверные результаты параметров НДС композитного тела вала, которые можно уверенно использовать в расчетном проектировании конструкций из ПКМ для анализа плоского напряженно-деформированного состояния оболочки вала.
he relevance of the use of PCM for the first projects of ships in the absence of engineering methods for calculating the parameters of the strength of such products is noted. In structural mechanics, there are methods for calculating the strength of multicomponent anisotropic materials, but they are difficult to adapt to engineering methods of verification calculation and design. The article attempts to study the possibilities of analytical and FEM approaches for analyzing the strength and stiffness of ship shafts made of PCM. A model of the shaft consisting of a package of several monolayers. Analytical dependences are presented for calculating the characteristics of the stiffness of the shaft shell. These dependences are used for the computational study of the strength parameters of the intermediate shaft made of PCM for tanker. Verification of the obtained results was carried out using of the FEM. As a result, it is established that the analytical dependences allow us to obtain reliable results of the stress-strain parameters of the composite shaft housing, which can be used in the computational design of PCM structures to analyze the flat stress-strain state of the shaft shell.
Algorithm for forming the cluster of labor instruments of investments-perspective production systems in shipbuilding
Authors: Алехин М.Ю. , Ваучский А.Н. 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме повышения эффективности управления реструктуризацией производственных систем (ПС) судостроения в целях поддержания конкурентоспособности предприятий и повышения привлекательности судостроения для инвесторов. Авторами, с использованием метода направленного поиска рационального варианта и кластерной группировки элементов ПС, предложен алгоритм и математическая модель определения экономически перспективных точек ПС судостроения, нуждающихся в инновационных преобразованиях. Научная методология исследования основана на фундаментальных положениях теории графов и комплексном рассмотрении вопросов управления изменениями в хозяйственных системах. Реализация предложенного алгоритма может быть использована для «количественного» решения управленческих задач эффективного развития ПС судостроительного предприятия и повышения его рыночной стоимости. Это создаст предпосылки к эффективному воспроизводству капитала в реальном производстве и хеджированию финансовых рисков, сопутствующих этим процессам в судостроении.
This article considers issue of increasing efficiency of restructuring management of production systems (PS) in shipbuilding in order to support competitive ability of yards and to increase appeal of shipbuilding industry for investors. Authors by using method of directed search of rational option and cluster grouping of PS components propose an algorithm and mathematical model for determination of economically perspective components of PS in shipbuilding that need innovative conversion. Scientific methodology of present research is based on fundamental provisions of graph theory and integrated consideration of issues, related to change management in business systems. Implementation of proposed algorithm may be used for quantitative solution of management problems, related to effective development of PS of yard and for increasing market value of the same. This will create background for effective reproduction of capital in real production and hedging of financial risks, related to this process in shipbuilding.
Inactive capacity compensation device in frequency converters in the composition of electric power systems of marine vehicles
Authors: Дмитриев Б.Ф. , Галушин С.Я. , Корнев А.С. , Балицкая К.В. 
Published: December 2021

Управление режимами работы гребного электрического двигателя осуществляется полупроводниковыми преобразователями частоты, применение которых значительно ухудшает качество электроэнергии на общих шинах судовых электроэнергетических систем. Основными причинами являются уменьшение коэффициента мощности и появление высших гармоник в потребляемом токе. В результате этого снижается надежность работы потребителей, и увеличиваются потери электроэнергии. Поэтому уменьшение указанных негативных последствий является актуальной задачей. В связи с этим, большое внимание уделяется вопросам, связанным с изучением и разработкой различных методов и устройств обеспечения качества электроэнергии, увеличения коэффициента мощности и фильтрации высших гармоник. В настоящее время, перспективным методов улучшения качества электроэнергии, является применение устройств управления реактивной мощностью и активной фильтрации, т.е. компенсаторов неактивной мощности. Подобные системы можно применять не только для надводных судов, но и в автономных подводных транспортных средствах, в качестве энергетической установки которых выступает батарея топливных элементов.
The control of the operating modes of the propulsion electric motor is carried out by semiconductor frequency converters, the use of which significantly degrades the quality of electricity on the common buses of the ship power systems. The main reasons are a decrease in the power factor and the appearance of higher harmonics in the current consumption. As a result, the reliability of the consumers is reduced, and the losses of electricity increase. Therefore, the reduction of these negative consequences is an urgent task. In this regard, much attention is paid to issues related to the study and development of various methods and devices for ensuring the quality of electricity, increasing the power factor and filtering higher harmonics. Currently, a promising method for improving the quality of electricity is the use of reactive power control devices and active filtering, i.e. compensators of inactive power. Such systems can be used not only for surface crafts, but also in autonomous underwater vehicles, the power plant of which is a fuel-cell stack.
Investigation of the hydrodynamic impact of a planing small vessel on a water body
Authors: Лукина Е.А. , Чебан Е.Ю. , Никущенко Д.В. , Самосюк А.И. , Глухова В.С. 
Published: December 2021

Рассмотрен экологический аспект использования маломерных глиссирующих судов. В статье представлен способ оценки характеристик потока, возмущённого движением глиссирующего судна. Способ основан на использовании численного метода гидродинамики. Выбраны параметры и зоны исследования потока вокруг корпуса рассмотренного судна, и разработана последовательность действий их определения. Проанализированы качественные картины изменения потока с ростом скорости глиссирующего судна с заданной геометрией, и выделены составляющие наиболее значимые составляющие. Оценены количественные характеристики возмущённого потока: вызванные скорости, расстояние от транца до точки зарождения системы волн, волновые характеристики. Оценка гидродинамического воздействия на водоём была проведена для двух притоков Волги – р.Керженец и р.Сура. Выполнено определение придонных касательных напряжений в выбранных водных объектах в их естественном и возмущённом присутствием судна состоянии. Проведено сравнение рассчитанных касательных напряжений с пороговыми значениями, что позволило оценить влияние движения маломерного судна на донный грунт.
The ecological aspect of the use of small-sized planing vessels is considered. The article presents a method for assessing the characteristics of a flow disturbed by the movement of a planing vessel. The method is based on the use of the numerical method of hydrodynamics. The parameters and zones of the flow study around the hull of the vessel under consideration are selected, and a sequence of actions for their determination is developed. Qualitative patterns of flow changes with an increase in the speed of a planing vessel with a given geometry are analyzed, and the most significant components are identified. Quantitative characteristics of the perturbed flow are estimated: induced velocities, distance from the transom to the point of origin of the wave system, wave characteristics. The assessment of the hydrodynamic impact on the reservoir was carried out for two tributaries of the Volga - the Kerzhenets River and the Sura River. The determination of bottom tangential stresses in selected water bodies in their natural and disturbed state by the presence of the vessel was performed. The calculated tangential stresses were compared with threshold values, which made it possible to assess the impact of the movement of a small vessel on the bottom soil.