bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phacoemulsification and Foldable Intraocular Lens Implantation in Eyes Filled With Silicone Oil
Authors: Öner Hakan F , Durak Ismet , Saatci Osman A 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the visual outcome of phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes already filled with silicone oil.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Following vitrectomy and silicone oil injection, 16 eyes of 16 consecutive patients undergoing phacoemulsification and IOL implantation were included in the study.
* RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 58.3 ± 9.2 years (range, 38 to 71 years). The time interval between the cataract surgery and silicone oil injection was 5.8 ± 1.7 months (range, 4 to 9 months). The mean number of previous surgeries was 2.0 ± 0.8 (range, 1 to 4). Trypan blue (0.4%) was used for anterior capsule staining in 3 eyes with white cataract. Dispersive viscoelastic material was used during all steps of phacoemulsification. A capsular tension ring was inserted after capsulorhexis and hydrodissection in all cases. An IOL with a 6.0-mm optic was implanted in all eyes. The preoperative best-corrected visual acuity ranged from hand motions to 0.3. The mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.3 ±0.1 (range, 0.1 to 0.6); best-corrected visual acuity increased in all eyes. A small amount of silicone oil moved into the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification in 1 eye and was evacuated. In all eyes, no silicone oil was present in the anterior chamber postoperatively.
* CONCLUSION: The use of dispersive viscoelastic and a capsular tension ring provides safer phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation in eyes already filled with silicone oil.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003:34:358-362.]
Changes in the Intraocular Pressure of Fellow Untreated Eyes Following Uncomplicated Trabeculectomy
Authors: Detorakis Efstathios T. , Tsiklis Nikolaos , Pallikaris Ioannis G. , Tsilimbaris Miltiadis K. 
Published: April 2021

Background and Objective:
Previous studies have reported changes in the intraocular pressure (IOP) of fellow eyes following unilateral trabeculectomy or selective laser trabeculoplasty. This study evaluates changes in the IOP of fellow eyes following unilateral trabeculectomy and examines correlations of findings with clinical information.

Patients and Methods:
Sixty-one patients who underwent unilateral uncomplicated trabeculectomy were included. The IOP of both eyes was recorded on postoperative days 2, 3, 4, 15, 30, 60, and 90. Differences between preoperative and postoperative IOP in both eyes and correlations with clinical parameters were examined.

Results:
The IOP of the fellow eyes was significantly reduced on the fourth postoperative day. This reduction was significantly correlated (inversely) with central corneal thickness of fellow eyes and with the level of IOP reduction to the operated eyes.

Conclusion:
The IOP of the fellow eyes remains largely unchanged during the first 3 months following trabeculectomy. However, a significant short-term reduction is noted on the fourth day, implying that unknown (possibly neurocrine) mechanisms may participate in the regulation of the IOP of fellow eyes.
Sainte-Croix-en-Plaine et Houssen « Cora » (Haut-Rhin) : contribution à l’étude typo-chronologique de la céramique d’habitat du Hallstatt C
Authors: Mentele Serge , Kuhnle Gertrud , Lasserre Marina 
Published: April 2021

Les sites d’habitat du Ha C de Sainte-Croix-en-Plaine et de Houssen « Cora » ont livré un abondant mobilier céramique et constituent deux ensembles de céramique domestique de référence en Alsace et plus globalement dans l’est de la France.
Évolution de la céramique de la fin du Hallstatt en Alsace : expertise de quatre gisements situés au Sud-Ouest de Strasbourg
Authors: Koenig Marie-Pierre , Kuhnl Gertrud , Maise Christian 
Published: April 2021

Les découvertes récentes mises au jour à Holtzheim complètent la documentation recueillie ces dernières années au sud-ouest de Strasbourg à Geispolsheim, Rosheim « Sandgrube » et Rosheim « Mittelweg ». L’abondant mobilier que ces quatre gisements ont livré donne aujourd’hui matière à une réflexion approfondie sur la céramique s’échelonnant entre le Ha D et La Tène A (définition des types, analyse des assemblages, étude comparative, chronologie, relations culturelles). Afin de valider ces propositions, un corpus des principaux gisements de la fin du Hallstatt en Basse-Alsace, Haute-Alsace et dans le Breisgau a été élaboré (annexe).
Ethos vocationnel et extension du travail pour les étudiants des écoles supérieures d’art
Authors: Proust Serge , Normand Myriam , Védrine Corine 
Published: April 2021

Les écoles supérieures d’art et d’architecture occupent en France une position intermédiaire entre le système des grandes écoles et les universités. Très féminisées, elles attirent massivement des étudiants issus des catégories du haut de la hiérarchie sociale et caractérisés par un très bon niveau scolaire. Elles sont très sélectives et jouent un rôle décisif dans la formation de différents groupes d’artistes : comédiens, architectes, designers, etc. À ce titre, elles accentuent des dispositions déjà présentes au moment de leur scolarité secondaire et notamment celles qui ont trait à l’engagement dans le travail. Tout en soulignant la difficulté pour définir ce qu’est le travail dans les champs artistiques et en mesurer l’intensité, l’article souligne le volume considérable de travail dans ces écoles. Que ce soit dans la journée ou tard dans la nuit, dans le cadre scolaire ou privé, les étudiants manifestent un engagement total, parfois au prix de leur santé qui se révèle moins bonne que celle de la grande masse des étudiants.
De l’orgue au septième ciel. Pour une spéléologie du souffle-désir
Authors: Knudsen Charlotte Vaillot 
Published: April 2021

Voyage érotico-expérimental s’appuyant à la fois sur des sources livresques et des expériences spéléologiques propres à l’auteure, cette étude embrasse les vibrantes tonalités érotiques du paysage souterrain, et celles de la grotte en particulier. Menée sous le prisme d’une sensibilité écosexuelle, elle invite d’ailleurs à explorer le diapason de l’univers fécond et sexué qu’est le minéral. Ainsi, nous tenterons une exploration musico-spéléologique de la grotte, et nous nous attarderons entre autres sur le Great Stalacpipe Organ, un « orgue » placé et exploité dans les grottes de Luray (Virginie, États-Unis) qui, sorte de lithophone titanesque – c’est-à-dire de pierre à voix toujours en activité – se sert des stalactites comme de tuyaux d’orgue. Nous tâcherons par ailleurs de décliner la jouissance tirée de l’étymologie du mot « orgue » : organon en grec ancien et organum en latin signifient en effet « instrument » ; tandis qu’en anglais, le sens d’organ oscille entre « orgue » et « organe ». L’objectif sera également de retranscrire l’ardente expérience poético-esthétique du chercheur-spéléologue s’adonnant à l’écoute d’une « prothèse instrumentale » implantée dans une grotte, au sein de laquelle le chant de l’orgue s’amalgame avec l’air caverneux, avec la respiration et les pulsations liquides des spéléothèmes. Orchestrée par l’imaginaire, l’enjeu de cette recherche consiste en outre à dévoiler les « joies secrètes » du spéléologue, et à mettre à l’honneur une exaltation du souffle cosmique qui fait passer d’une expérience charnelle à une expérience mélodieusement spirituelle.
Music and Erotic Agency – Sonic Resources and Social-Sexual Action
Authors: DeNora Tia 
Published: April 2021

Comment l’être et le corps se nouent-ils dans une configuration culturelle ? Comment les produits culturels sont-ils mobilisés, et comment les textes, les images, les structures et les représentations sonores « entrent-elles en action » ? Ce sont là des questions fondamentales pour les études culturelles, la sociologie et la psychologie sociale. Pourtant elles n’ont guère été abordées de front jusqu’ici, et elles ne sauraient faire l’objet d’une « mise à l’épreuve empirique » à partir d’une théorisation de l’agentivité déjà complète. Cet article suggère que l’on peut développer une bonne théorie de l’agentivité en observant des milieux sociaux et des matériaux culturels particuliers. Dans ce but, après quelques considérations théoriques sur les liens entre culture, nature et agentivité sociale, je pars de la question érotique pour développer un propos plus général sur la relation entre les moyens expressifs et l’agentivité sociale. Plus spécifiquement, je me penche sur la question de comment l’agentivité érotique peut être « composée musicalement », c’est-à-dire comment l’agentivité peut se déployer par des moyens musicaux.
Study of Absolute Neutrophil Count and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlation with Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Devamsh G. N. , Sheshan V. , Chirag L. U. , Shetty Abhiman , Madhumathi R. 
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives:
Diagnostic markers to detect diabetic nephropathy at the early stage are important as early intervention can slow the loss of kidney function. Currently, there are very few diagnostic markers available. Micro-albuminuria is an accepted sign of early renal injury. Measurement of other markers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C, etc., is costly, and their utility is still under the research. Diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus is thought to have elevated cytokines. However, their measurement is not easy. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can act as a surrogate marker for the same. There is limited research concerning the correlation between ANC, NLR, and diabetic nephropathy. ANC is a very simple and inexpensive laboratory parameter. There are only a few studies done previously studying the association between ANC and albuminuria in the Indian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Subjects and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hospitals attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute. One hundred and forty-five Type II diabetes patients who gave consent for the study and satisfy the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire, clinical examination, and relevant investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Among the 145 individuals in the study, the mean age of the study population was 53.33 years (standard deviation: 11.90). The female-to-male ratio is 1.01: 1. The mean duration of disease was 5.88 years. The average ANC and NLR was higher in patients with proteinuria as compared to those without proteinuria. P value was statistically significant. It was noted that the NLR progressively increased from KDIGO stage G2 to G4, and the P value was statistically significant at 0.001.

Interpretation and Conclusion:
The NLR and ANC were significantly higher in patients with micro-albuminuria and macro-albuminuria compared to patients without proteinuria. They are simple, cost-effective parameters and can be considered as a surrogate marker for the detection and prognostic purposes of diabetic nephropathy. We hope this study adds to the existing data on NLR and ANC which are less studied parameters and paves way to future, well-matched, prospective studies which may define more in detail about the temporal correlation between ANC, NLR, and diabetic nephropathy.
A Retrospective Study of Clinical, Radiological, and Microbial Profile And Outcome in Patients with Splenic Abscess
Authors: Motimath Pooja Sangayya , Morkar Dnyanesh N. , Shirol Vivek Veereshkumar , Patil Rekha S. 
Published: April 2021

Aim:
This study aimed to describe the clinical, radiological, and microbiological profile; treatment; and outcome in splenic abscess.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study, in which fifty cases of splenic abscess that were hospitalized between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, were reviewed .

Results:
A total of fifty cases (36 males and 14 females) were studied during this study. Majority of patients were in the age group of 24–30 years. Fever was found in 42 cases (84%), left-upper-quadrant pain in 36 cases (72%), mass per abdomen in 29 cases (58%), and rashes in 1 case (2%). These were the main clinical signs. Laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in all cases. All patients were investigated further with ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scan. The primary focus of infection included infective endocarditis, pneumonia, pelvic abscess, retroviral disease, skin infection, and enteric fever. There was one case of epithelial cyst of the spleen that was secondarily infected and in eight cases, the etiology was not found. Treatment included surgical intervention (total splenectomy and percutaneous drainage) and conservative management with antibiotics or a combination. Both were successful. The outcome was generally favorable with the exception of two cases who succumbed to death due to septic shock.

Conclusion:
Abscess in the spleen is a rare condition. The clinical expression is highly polymorphic. A positive diagnosis is based on correlation of clinical features, laboratory values, and imaging. Early diagnosis with prompt suspicion is necessary to ensure timely treatment and favorable outcome.
Effect of pediatric drugs on color stability of various esthetic restorations in pediatric dentistry
Authors: Kathiria Hitakshi P. , Panda Anup K. , Virda Mira , Budakoti Varsha , Dave Para R. , Malge Rajeshkrishna 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Maintenance of color throughout the functional lifetime of restorations in teeth is needed for its durability. Color changes have been considered as the major problem of dental restorations. Long-term usage of pediatric liquid medications can stain the tooth as well as the restorative materials whose longevity and acceptability are directly proportional to its color stability.

Aim:
The present study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of pediatric drugs on the color stability of different esthetic restorations.

Methodology:
Three different restorative materials such as glass-ionomer cement, composite, and ACTIVA KIDS were used to prepare a total of 150 (50 from each) specimens. These specimens were divided into five experimental subgroups (n = 10), which were immersed in 5 different liquid medicines. The color stability of all specimens was evaluated by colorimeter before and after the immersion period.

Results:
Composites in iron supplements showed the highest color changes, and the least changes were seen in the ACTIVA KIDS - Ibuprofen group.

Conclusion:
ACTIVA KIDS is found to be the most resistant to discoloration followed by GIC and composite. Iron supplements showed the highest staining ability among all the medications.
Assessment of surface water physico-chemical parameters of Yardantsi Reservoir, Gusau Nigeria
Authors: Jabbi A.M. , Sani Z.R. , Rabiu A.T. , Balarabe M.L. , Adamu A.K. 
Published: April 2021

The Yardantsi Reservoir, Gusau Nigeria serves multitude of purposes for the Gusau populace. It is the main source of water for domestic purpose, irrigation, and fishing. The reservoir receives both organic and inorganic waste through runoffs and seepage from the catchment areas. The physico- chemical parameters of the surface water were investigated monthly from May, 2015 to April, 2017. Samples were collected from five sampling stations and analyzed using standard procedures for examination of water and waste water. The data obtained was subjected to multivariate analysis using Microsoft office excels and SPSS. The results showed the following mean seasonal variation of surface water temperature (26.62±0.34– 30.12±0.17ᴼC),transparency (48.82±1.08- 22.07±0.87cm), mean depth (2.12±0.05-2.65±0.04m), pH (7.61±0.15-7.96±0.13), electrical conductivity (186.32±3.84- 108.05±5.43µS/cm), total dissolved solids (96.00±1.95- 63.70±3.68mg/L), dissolved oxygen (7.80±0.11-6.91±0.10mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (2.71±0.09-2.48±0.05mg/L), alkalinity (40.57±0.69–27.87±0.51mg/L), hardness (59.20±1.01– 32.18±0.94mg/L), NO3-N (2.28±0.08-4.44±0.07mg/L), PO4-P (123.72±1.44-173.48 ± 2.78 mg/L), sulphate (31.62±1.45-71.80±1.82mg/L) and chloride (74.08±1.67- 37.64±0.96mg/L) for dry and rainy seasons respectively. The results revealed that a highly significant seasonal variation (p<0.01) was exhibited in all parameters with the exception of pH which shows no significant seasonal variation (p>0.05) and biochemical oxygen demand, which shows a significant seasonal variation (p<0.05). The results of this survey showed that the parameters observed indicated that most of them fall within the recommended range set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ).Keywords: Dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, reservoir, temperature
Delay of emergency surgical interventions in Ethiopia: Patient and health system factors
Authors: Tamrat Girmaye , Osman Mensur , Deyessa Nigussie , Taye Mulat , Lett Ronald , Bekele Abebe 
Published: April 2021

Background: The objectives of this study were to evaluate outcomes among patients with acute abdomen and abdominal trauma who presented at either of 2 referral hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and to determine the factors associated with delay as well as the effects of prehospital and in-hospital delay on outcome. Methods: We conducted a 1-year prospective cross-sectional study, which included all cases of surgically treated acute abdomen and abdominal trauma admitted to St Paul General Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Gondar University Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia. Standardized data collection forms were completed for all cases from 1 May 2008 to 30 April 2009. Data were analyzed using Epi Info version 6 and SPSS version 13. Results: A total of 504 patients were studied. Diagnoses were: intestinal obstruction (34.6 %), appendicitis (33 %), and perforated peptic ulcer (3.6 %). Sixty-six percent of patients over 45 years of age, 60% of females, and 61% of intestinal obstruction cases were operated on within 3 days of illness onset. The 35% of patients who were operated on more than 3 days after the development of symptoms had a mortality of 67%. Fifty-four percent of the cases with a total prehospital and in-hospital time of more than 3 days had initially visited other health institutions. Conclusions: Delay of surgical intervention of more than 3 days for acute abdomen or abdominal trauma adversely affected outcomes. Women, patients older than 45 years of age, patients with intestinal obstruction, and those who were referred from other health facilities were delayed and had adverse outcomes. Keywords: delay in surgery; acute abdomen; abdominal trauma; surgical systems improvement
Teaching surgical skills in a resource-limited setting: Comparing massed versus distributed practice in an ultrasound-guided breast biopsy simulator
Authors: Munyaneza Robert , Martin Allison N. , Riviello Robert , Abahuje Egide , Murthy Shilpa S. , Ntirenganya Faustin 
Published: April 2021

Background: Teaching surgical skills in the simulation lab has increased markedly compared to teaching only in the operating room. Although many studies have been performed investigating the optimal teaching methodology for skills acquisition, there is no consensus on the best method. Massed and distributed practices are important methods in teaching procedural skills. Considering the limited human and logistical resources in low and middle-income settings, it is valuable to understand the optimal methodology for learning and acquiring surgical skills. Methods: Thirty-two core needle biopsy-naïve first-year residents and final year medical students rotating in general surgery were enrolled in and completed the study at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, a tertiary, teaching and referral hospital in Kigali, Rwanda. They were assigned to a “massed” group (i.e., one time, 3-hour practice) or “distributed” group (i.e., 1-hour practice per week for 3 weeks). Trainees were taught ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy on a high-fidelity breast simulator. All participants completed pre- and post-tests and an evaluation of skill retention was performed one month after completion of the training. Analysis of performance was completed, and p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was no difference between performance on the pretest (p=0.985) and the posttest (p=0.680). Both groups demonstrated improvement after implementation of the simulation training when comparing pretest and posttest results (p<0.001); there were no differences in the evaluation of skills retention after one month after the training between the two groups (p=0.273). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that both groups have improved significantly their knowledge and skills. Trainees have similar retention of skills in ultrasound guided core needle biopsy on a breast simulator whether trained under a massed or distributed practice schedule. Both methods may be considered in our setting for teaching surgical skills. Keywords: surgical simulation; resource-limited setting; global surgery
A CRITIQUE ON LEASE VERSUS BUY ANALYSIS AND GOVERNMENT TAX REVENUE
Authors: Wang Guan Jun 
Published: April 2021

Motivation for leasing is often believed to be the tax rate difference between the lessee and the lessor, allowing both to save on taxes at the government's expense. These short notes challenge this conventional wisdom and demonstrate not only the tax rate difference but also other various leasing parameters that can have an impact on government tax revenue both analytically and numerically. This paper adds additional theoretical groundworks to the literature to support the claim that the positive-sum games do exist among the lessee, the lessor, and the government.
JEL Classification Codes: C6, G3.
SILENCIO POSITIVO, REVISIÓN DE ACTOS Y COSA JUZGADA
Authors: DESDENTADO DAROCA EVA 
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo aborda el problema de si es posible o no que la Administración
ejercite las potestades y acciones de revisión de actos cuando previamente
se ha dictado sentencia firme declarando la producción de un silencio positivo.
Se trata de una reflexión teórica sobre las dificultades que plantea la relación
entre las instituciones claves del silencio positivo, la revisión de actos y la cosa
juzgada. El análisis se hace a la luz del examen de algunas sentencias controvertidas del orden jurisdiccional social sobre el reconocimiento de prestaciones económicas
del FOGASA por silencio, pero trasciende los casos resueltos por estas
sentencias para llevar a cabo un estudio conceptual que conduce a algunas propuestas
de lege lata y de lege ferenda.
Administrazioak erabil al ditzake egintzak berrikusteko ahalak
eta ekintzak, isiltasun positiboa egon dela deklaratuz, aurretiaz epai irmoa eman
baldin bada? Arazo hori jorratzen da artikulu honetan. Ikusiko dugu zer harreman
dagoen isiltasun positiboan giltzarri diren erakundeen, egintza-berrikuspenaren
eta gauza epaituaren artean, eta gogoeta teoriko bat egingo dugu harreman
horren zailtasunez. Izan ere, lan-arloko jurisdikzio-ordenan begiratzen badugu,
epai eztabaidatu batzuek aitortu izan dituzte, isiltasuna tarteko, FOGASAren
prestazio ekonomikoak. Hortik tiraka egingo dugu azterketa, baina epai horietan
ebatzitako kasuak baino urrunago goaz, alegia, kontzeptuak aztertu, eta zenbait
proposamen ere egingo ditugu lege lata eta lege ferenda.
This article approaches the difficulties that arise when the judges
establish that the absence of reply by the Administration has to be understood
as an implied concession of what the citizen applied for, when the applicant did
not really fulfil the requirements to obtain what he had asked for. In such a case
the implied administrative act (concession) is illegal, but the question that arises
is whether the Administration can still use the actions against the illegal act and
obtain its annulment or this annulment can not be possible as a consequence of
the res iudicata effect.