bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity levels after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: one-year follow-up
Authors: Asnong Anne , D’Hoore André , Wolthuis Albert , Van Molhem Yves , Van Geluwe Bart , Laenen Annouschka , Devoogdt Nele , De Groef An , De Vrieze Tessa , Van Calster Charlotte , Geraerts Inge 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Overall survival rates after rectal cancer have increased. Therefore, functional outcomes rightly deserve more interest. The aims of this study were to assess progression in total, sports, occupational and household physical activity levels of rectal cancer survivors, from preoperatively to 12 months after surgery/stoma closure and to explore predictive factors.

Methods
Multi-center prospective study with 125 patients who underwent low anterior resection for rectal cancer. The Flemish Physical Activity Computerized Questionnaire was completed concerning all physical activity levels at baseline (past preoperative year) and at 1, 4, 6 and 12 months after surgery/stoma closure. At these timepoints, questionnaires (LARS−/ COREFO-questionnaire) regarding bowel symptoms were also filled out. Results were analyzed using linear mixed models for repeated measures.

Results
Total physical activity levels up to 12 months remained significantly lower than preoperative. Occupational and sports physical activity levels remained significantly lower until 6 and 4 months postoperative, respectively. Predictive factors for decreased physical activity levels at a specific timepoint were: younger age and no stoma (total physical activity, 1 month), low/mid rectal tumor, no stoma, non-employed status (total, 4 months), higher COREFO-scores (occupational, 4 months) and non-employed status (total, 12 months). At all timepoints, lower COREFO-scores were associated with higher total physical activity levels; male gender and lower educational levels with higher occupational levels; younger age, normal BMI, employed status and adjuvant therapy with higher sports levels; and female gender, lower educational level and unemployed status with higher household levels.

Conclusions
One year after rectal cancer treatment, total physical activity levels were still not recovered. Rectal cancer patients, especially those at risk for decreased physical activity levels and with major bowel complaints, should be identified and guided to increase their activities.

Trial registration
This trial has been registered at Netherlands Trial Register (NTR6383, 23/01/2017).
Topical corticosteroid for treatment of hand osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Hussain Sultana Monira , Gan Desmond , Lim Yuan Z. , Estee Mahnuma Mahfuz , Heritier Stephane , Wluka Anita E. , Cicuttini Flavia M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Hand osteoarthritis is a common and disabling chronic joint disease with a lack of effective therapies. Emerging evidence suggests the role of local inflammation in causing pain in hand osteoarthritis. Corticosteroids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs used in many rheumatic diseases. The aim of this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is to determine whether topical corticosteroid reduces pain over 6 weeks in patients with hand osteoarthritis.

Methods
One hundred participants with hand osteoarthritis will be recruited from the community in Melbourne, Australia, and randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either topical Diprosone OV or placebo ointment administered 3 times daily on the painful hand joints for 6 weeks. The primary outcome is pain reduction (assessed by 100 mm visual analogue scale) at 6 weeks. The secondary outcomes include changes in pain and function assessed using Functional Index for Hand Osteoarthritis, Australian Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index, Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, and tender and swollen joint count at 6 weeks. Adverse events will be recorded. The primary analysis will be by intention to treat, including all participants in their randomised groups.

Discussion
This study will provide high-quality evidence to determine whether topical corticosteroid reduces pain over 6 weeks in patients with hand osteoarthritis, with major clinical and public health importance by informing clinical practice guidelines for the management of hand osteoarthritis and reducing the burden of the disabling disease.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12620000599976. Registered 22 May 2020.
A minute primary gastric synovial sarcoma with ulcer: a case report
Authors: Yoshiyasu Kanako , Kono Hiroshi , Hojo Yudai , Ishida Yoshinori , Tamura Akio , Nakai Keisuke , Oshima Tadayuki , Miwa Hiroto , Shinohara Hisashi , Hirota Seiichi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Synovial sarcomas are a rare type of high-grade sarcomas with unknown cell origin. They arise predominantly in the soft tissues but rarely in the stomach. We recently encountered a rare case of minute gastric synovial sarcoma.

Case presentation
A 61-year-old Japanese woman was pointed out edematous erosion at the body of the stomach. Biopsy specimen showed dense proliferation of spindle-shaped tumor cells mixed with smooth muscle fibers of the muscularis mucosae. Although the definite histological diagnosis was undetermined, the patient underwent laparoscopic wedge resection of the stomach. Histological examination of the resected sample revealed that the maximum diameter of the tumor was only 6 mm and that dense proliferation of rather uniform spindle tumor cells were observed mainly in the submucosa. Immunohistochemistry showed that they were positive for pan-keratin, CD99 and TLE1. SS18-SSX fusion-specific antibody gave diffuse positive staining to the tumor cells, and analysis using mRNA extracted from paraffin sections revealed that the tumor had SS18-SSX1 fusion gene. Thus, it was diagnosed as gastric synovial sarcoma, monophasic fibrous type.

Conclusions
Primary synovial sarcoma of the stomach is rare and only 47 cases have been reported in the English literature to date. The maximum diameter of the lesion of our case was 6 mm which is the smallest among them.
“Data is the new oil”: citizen science and informed consent in an era of researchers handling of an economically valuable resource
Authors: Quigley Etain , Holme Ingrid , Doyle David M. , Ho Aileen K. , Ambrose Eamonn , Kirkwood Katie , Doyle Gerardine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs with other areas of the social world, academic research in the contemporary healthcare setting has undergone adaptation and change. For example, research methods are increasingly incorporating citizen participation in the research process, and there has been an increase in collaborative research that brings academic and industry partners together. There have been numerous positive outcomes associated with both of these growing methodological and collaborative processes; nonetheless, both bring with them ethical considerations that require careful thought and attention. This paper addresses the ethical considerations that research teams must consider when using participatory methods and/or when working with industry and outlines a novel informed consent matrix designed to maintain the high ethical standard to which academic research in the healthcare arena has traditionally adhered.
Epigenetics in neurodegenerative disorders induced by pesticides
Authors: Yu Guangxia , Su Qianqian , Chen Yao , Wu Lingyan , Wu Siying , Li Huangyuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases are becoming major socio-economic burdens. However, most of them still have no effective treatment. Growing evidence indicates excess exposure to pesticides are involved in the development of various forms of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases through trigger epigenetic changes and inducing disruption of the epigenome. This review summaries studies on epigenetics alterations in nervous systems in relation to different kinds of pesticides, highlighting potential mechanism in the etiology, precision prevention and target therapy of various neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, the current gaps in research and future areas for study were also discussed.
A risk-based approach to validation of ion chromatography methods using suppressed conductivity
Authors: Nelson Deanna J. , Marbury G. Dean 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIon chromatography (IC) has evolved into one of the most widely used separation techniques of analytical chemistry. Consequently, the number of users of this method is continuously growing. Analysts often assume that widely used guidelines for HPLC method validation in regulated environments routinely apply to IC. This manuscript provides an analysis of the potential shortcomings of traditional approaches to development and validation of IC methods using suppressed conductivity detection and a risk-based alternative approach to these activities. The goal of the alternative approach is a reduction in the risk of erroneous determinations of analytes when IC methods using suppressed conductivity detection are employed.
Knowledge translation of prediction rules: methods to help health professionals understand their trade-offs
Authors: Hemming K. , Taljaard M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractClinical prediction models are developed with the ultimate aim of improving patient outcomes, and are often turned into prediction rules (e.g. classifying people as low/high risk using cut-points of predicted risk) at some point during the development stage. Prediction rules often have reasonable ability to either rule-in or rule-out disease (or another event), but rarely both. When a prediction model is intended to be used as a prediction rule, conveying its performance using the C-statistic, the most commonly reported model performance measure, does not provide information on the magnitude of the trade-offs. Yet, it is important that these trade-offs are clear, for example, to health professionals who might implement the prediction rule. This can be viewed as a form of knowledge translation. When communicating information on trade-offs to patients and the public there is a large body of evidence that indicates natural frequencies are most easily understood, and one particularly well-received way of depicting the natural frequency information is to use population diagrams. There is also evidence that health professionals benefit from information presented in this way.Here we illustrate how the implications of the trade-offs associated with prediction rules can be more readily appreciated when using natural frequencies. We recommend that the reporting of the performance of prediction rules should (1) present information using natural frequencies across a range of cut-points to inform the choice of plausible cut-points and (2) when the prediction rule is recommended for clinical use at a particular cut-point the implications of the trade-offs are communicated using population diagrams. Using two existing prediction rules, we illustrate how these methods offer a means of effectively and transparently communicating essential information about trade-offs associated with prediction rules.
Numerical study on breaking solitary wave force on box-girder bridge
Authors: Yang Wanli , Li Sijing , Liu Junling , Wu Wenbo , Li Hui , Wang Ning 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSolitary wave is often used to simulate tsunami propagating in deep water and breaking solitary wave is often used to simulate tsunami bore propagating in shallow water or on land. The breaking solitary wave force on box-girder, which has been widely used in bridge engineering in coastal areas of China, receives few attentions. This study aims to investigate characteristics and generation mechanism of breaking solitary wave force on box-girder numerically. A numerical wave flume with a 1:20 slope was built firstly, then the solitary wave generation ability, wave deformation and wave breaking on the slope, as well as wave force calculation precision, are validated. The water depth 0.6 m, the slope gradient 1:20 and the distance between slope top and box-girder 2.0 m remain unchanged, while the wave height and clearance changes in different cases. The time histories of horizontal force and vertical force on box-girder can be divided into three and four stages respectively according to their characteristics. The surface of box-girder is decomposed into a series of panels to facilitate exploring tsunami bore force generation mechanism. Results show horizontal force is dominated by static pressure on upstream vertical panels and vertical force is mainly contributed by static pressure on upstream horizontal panels and on panels in the chambers. Tsunami bore overtopping the box-girder deck impacts the top panel vigorously and results in the peak value of negative vertical force.
Trastuzumab Emtansine Plus Pertuzumab Versus Taxane Plus Trastuzumab Plus Pertuzumab After Anthracycline for High-Risk Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Early Breast Cancer: The Phase III KAITLIN Study
Authors: Krop Ian E. , Im Seock-Ah , Barrios Carlos , Bonnefoi Hervé , Gralow Julie , Toi Masakazu , Ellis Paul A. , Gianni Luca , Swain Sandra M. , Im Young-Hyuck , De Laurentiis Michelino , Nowecki Zbigniew , Huang Chiun-Sheng , Fehrenbacher Louis , Ito Yoshinori , Shah Jigna , Boulet Thomas , Liu Haiying , Macharia Harrison , Trask Peter , Song Chunyan , Winer Eric P. , Harbeck Nadia 
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE We aimed to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity of high-risk human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive early breast cancer (EBC) treatment by replacing taxanes and trastuzumab with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). METHODS The phase III KAITLIN study ( NCT01966471 ) included adults with excised HER2-positive EBC (node-positive or node-negative, hormone receptor–negative, and tumor > 2.0 cm). Postsurgery, patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to anthracycline-based chemotherapy (three-four cycles) and then 18 cycles of T-DM1 plus pertuzumab (AC-KP) or taxane (three-four cycles) plus trastuzumab plus pertuzumab (AC-THP). Adjuvant radiotherapy/endocrine therapy was permitted. Coprimary end points were invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) in the intention-to-treat node-positive and overall populations with hierarchical testing. RESULTS The median follow-up was 57.1 months (interquartile range, 52.1-60.1 months) for AC-THP (n = 918) and 57.0 months (interquartile range, 52.1-59.8 months) for AC-KP (n = 928). There was no significant IDFS difference between arms in the node-positive (n = 1,658; stratified hazard ratio [HR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.71 to 1.32) or overall population (n = 1846; stratified HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.32). In the overall population, the three-year IDFS was 94.2% (95% CI, 92.7 to 95.8) for AC-THP and 93.1% (95% CI, 91.4 to 94.7) for AC-KP. Treatment completion rates (ie, 18 cycles) were 88.4% for AC-THP and 65.0% for AC-KP (difference driven by T-DM1 discontinuation because of laboratory abnormalities [12.5%]). Similar rates of grade ≥ 3 (55.4% v 51.8%) and serious adverse events (23.3% v 21.4%) occurred with AC-THP and AC-KP, respectively. KP decreased clinically meaningful deterioration in global health status versus THP (stratified HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.80). CONCLUSION The primary end point was not met. Both arms achieved favorable IDFS. Trastuzumab plus pertuzumab plus chemotherapy remains the standard of care for high-risk HER2-positive EBC.
Ecological Validity of Prolonged Sitting Studies: How Well Do They Represent Real-Life Sedentary Patterns? A Pilot Study
Authors: O’Brien Myles W. , Wu Yanlin , Petterson Jennifer L. , Frayne Ryan J. , Kimmerly Derek S. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Acute prolonged sitting studies have been frequently implemented to determine the physiological effect of sedentary time on vascular and metabolic health. The length of these laboratory-based prolonged sitting studies ranges from 1.5 to 6 h, with most being 3 h in duration. Whether or not these sitting durations reflect true habitual prolonged sitting patterns is unclear. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the habitual sedentary patterns of a heterogeneous sample to inform the design of future acute laboratory-based sitting studies. Participants (n = 121; 48 females) wore an activPAL inclinometer on their thigh 24 h·d−1 for 6.5 ± 0.7 d. A customized LabVIEW program determined daily averages of waking hours spent standing versus sitting and/or laying. The number of prolonged sedentary bouts (e.g., number of sedentary bouts >30 min) and the frequency of sedentary breaks (per waking hour) were also calculated. Overall, participants engaged in 9.4 ± 1.9 h·d−1 of sedentary time. Participants frequently engaged in sedentary bouts between 0.5 and 1.0 h (3.5 ± 1.1 bouts per day) and between 1 and 2 h (1.7 ± 0.8 bouts per day) in duration. By contrast, they rarely engaged in bouts >2 h without interruption (i.e., once every ~5 d). Very few participants engaged in any prolonged sedentary bouts between 3 and 4 h (n = 25; 21%) or >4 h (n = 6, 5%). Participants averaged 2.9 ± 0.7 sedentary breaks per hour (i.e., every ~21 min), with the majority (n = 83, 69%) breaking up their sitting time every 17–30 min (i.e., 2–3.5 breaks per hour). To maximize the ecological validity, our preliminary findings indicate that acute models of prolonged sitting should be 1–2 h in length and strategies to break up prolonged sitting implemented every 20–30 min. The results from this pilot study may be used to inform large epidemiological studies to characterize prolonged sitting patterns in a variety of populations to assist in translating findings from the laboratory to the habitual setting.
Do Venture Capital Investors Learn from Public Markets?
Authors: Liu Bibo , Tian Xuan 
Published: December 2021

We examine whether venture capital (VC) investors learn information contained in public market stock prices. VCs are less likely to stage finance startups and syndicate with other VCs when stock prices are more informative. An instrumental variable approach suggests that the relation is likely causal. The startup’s initial public offering (IPO) prospect is the plausible information contained in stock prices learned by VCs. The effect of VC learning on staging and syndication is more pronounced when collecting information is more costly and the information learned is more reliable. Evidence from a survey of VC investors confirms that they actively learn information from the public market. VCs’ learning from the public market significantly affects their investments across startup firms. Our paper sheds new light on the real effects of financial markets and suggests that the informational role of security prices is much broader than what we have thought. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
The frequency of early stomal, peristomal and skin complications
Authors: Maglio Andrea , Malvone Alessandro Pasquale , Scaduto Vitalba , Brambilla Davide , Denti Francesco Carlo 
Published: December 2021

Background: The incidence of early complications after stoma formation (within 30 days of surgery) is difficult to determine and has been reported to be in a range of 3%–82%. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the onset of stomal, peristomal and skin complications one month (30 days) after ostomy creation. Method: This review analysed enteral stoma therapy nurse reports on patients who had an ostomy created between January 2016 and December 2020. Findings: Complications were analysed according to ostomy type: colostomy, ileostomy and urostomy. There were 1292 incidences of complications: skin complications were the most common (26%), and abscess the least common (0%). Conclusion: A majority (63%) of patients experienced at least one or more complications within 30 days of surgery. Haemorrhage was reported as a complication (2%) but the authors found no data on its incidence in the literature. In addition to early complications, late complications were detected.
Clinical and surgical outcomes of robot-assisted versus conventional total hip arthroplasty: a systematic overview of meta-analyses
Authors: Kort Nanne , Stirling Patrick , Pilot Peter , Müller Jacobus Hendrik 
Published: December 2021

Robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA), in comparison to conventional THA, improves radiographic outcomes, but it remains unclear whether it alters complication rates, clinical and functional outcomes, and implant survival.
The purpose of this systematic overview was to summarize the findings of the most recent meta-analyses that compare clinical and surgical outcomes of robot-assisted versus conventional THA.
Two readers independently conducted an electronic literature search, screening and data extraction from five electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were: meta-analyses evaluating robot-assisted versus conventional THA in terms of radiographic outcomes, clinical and functional scores, and complications and revision rates. The literature search returned 67 records, of which 14 were duplicates and 49 were excluded, leaving three meta-analyses published within the past two years for data extraction and analysis.
The present overview of meta-analyses suggests that, compared to conventional THA (n = 3011), robot-assisted THA (n = 1813) improves component placement and reduces intraoperative complications. The overview also affirms that robot-assisted THA could extend surgery by 20 minutes, and increases risks of postoperative heterotopic ossification, dislocation, and revision. None of the meta-analyses found significant differences in clinical or functional scores between robot-assisted and conventional THA.
Future studies and reviews should make a clear distinction between active and semi-active robotic assistance, address technology matureness, and describe the experience of surgeons with robotic assistance.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:1157-1165. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200121
10  Gbps wavelength division multiplexing using UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C micro-LEDs
Authors: Maclure Daniel M. , McKendry Jonathan J. D. , Islim Mohamed Sufyan , Xie Enyuan , Chen Cheng , Sun Xiaobin , Liang Xudong , Huang Xiaohui , Abumarshoud Hanaa , Herrnsdorf Johannes , Gu Erdan , Haas Harald , Dawson Martin D. 
Published: December 2021

Deep ultraviolet (DUV) optical wireless communications have seen increased interest in recent years due to the unique properties of light in this spectral region. However, the reported DUV data rates remain significantly lower than comparable demonstrations at visible wavelengths due to lower modulation bandwidths and/or output power of the sources. Here, we present a wavelength division multiplexing demonstration using three UV micro-light-emitting diodes emitting at nominal peak wavelengths of 285, 317, and 375 nm, respectively, each with an emitting area of approximately

1369

μm

2

(equivalent to circular device pixels of diameter

∼
40

μm

). Using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, data rates of 4.17, 3.02, and 3.13 Gbps were achieved from the 285, 317, and 375 nm devices, respectively, for a combined data rate of 10.32 Gbps transmitted over a distance of 0.5 m.