bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Attractive Effects of Amino Acid and Some Classical Substances on Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idellus)
Authors: Yu Haojie , Wang Xiaoyu , Kong Fanshuang , Tan Qingsong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is one of the most essential fishing species in China. The bait for this fish is rapidly developing. However, the study on the attractants in the bait for this fish lacks. This study was designed to systematically investigate the effects of 16 kinds of stimuli on the perspective of behaviour and physiology of grass carp by using different kinds of methods, including behavioral tests (maze test and biting-balls test) and electro-olfactogram (EOG). Our experiment's idea is mainly to imitate: in addition to vision, fish in nature also use smell to find food and finally swallow under the action of olfaction, taste and other sensory systems. Firstly, the behavioral maze test was used to screen the attractive or suppressive effect of 16 stimuli on grass carp and the electronic olfactory recording method was used to further evaluate the olfactory response of grass carp to the eight stimuli selected from the maze test. Then, the best concentrations of these eight stimuli and their combination were investigated by the biting-balls test to compound a formula with the strongest appetite for grass carp. The results of behavioral maze test showed that DMPT, DMT, glycine, Taurine, L-glutamic, L-alanine, L-proline, L-arginine have different degrees of useful in attracting grass carp. The electro-olfactogram recoding showed that the EOG response of grass carp to the stimuli is a transient biphasic potential change and all of the eight stimuli could induce the EOG response of grass carp. The biting-balls test showed that glycine, L-glutamic, L-arginine at 10–2 mol/L had significant feeding stimulation and DMT at 10–1 mol/L had significant feeding stimulation than the other groups. Finally, formula 9 composed of DMT, glycine, L-glutamic acid and L-arginine has the greatest attraction for grass carp. The results of this study verified the attractive effect of some amino acids and other chemicals on grass carp fishing, and would provide support for the production of specific grass carp attractants.
A Re-testing Range is Recommended for 13C- and 14C-urea Breath Tests for Helicobacter Pylori Infection in China
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Zhang Shuzhen , Chua Eng Guan , He Yongsheng , Li Xiaofeng , Liu Aijun , Chen Haiting , Wise Michael J. , Marshall Barry J. , Sun Dayong , Li Xuehong , Tay Alfred Chin Yen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The urea breath test (UBT) is widely used for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. In our hospital, some UBT findings were contradictory to the histology outcomes, therefore this study aimed to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of both 13C- and 14C-UBT assays.Methods: We recruited 484 H. pylori-treatment naïve patients, among which 217 and 267 were tested by the 13C-UBT or 14C-UBT, respectively. The cutoff value for H. pylori positivity based on manufacturer’s instruction was 4% DOB for the 13C-UBT, and 100 DPM for the 14C-UBT. Gastric biopsies of the antrum and corpus were obtained during endoscopy for histopathology.Results: In patients who were tested using the 13C-UBT kit, histopathology was positive in 136 out of 164 UBT-positive patients (82.9% concordance), and negative in 46 out of 53 UBT-negative cases (86.8% concordance). For the 14C-UBT-tested patients, histopathology was positive for H. pylori in 186 out of 220 UBT-positive patients (84.5% concordance), and negative in 41 out of 47 UBT-negative cases (87.2% concordance). While the 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT each had a high sensitivity level of 95.1% and 96.9%, respectively, their specificity was low, at 62.2% and 54.7%, respectively. By using new optimal cutoff values and including an indeterminate range (3-10.3% DOB for 13C-UBT and 87-237 DPM for 14C-UBT), the specificity values can be improved to 76.7% and 76.9% for the 13C- and 14C-UBT, respectively.Conclusions: The establishment of an indeterminate range is recommended to allow for repeated testing to confirm H. pylori infection, and thereby avoiding unnecessary antibiotic treatment.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000041570. Registered 29 December 2020- Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=66416&htm=4(263/350 words)
First-in-human Study of a 99mTc-Labeled Single-Domain Antibody for SPECT/CT Assessment of HER2 Expression in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhao Lingzhou , Liu Changcun , Xing Yan , He Jin , O’Doherty Jim , Huang Wenhua , Zhao Jinhua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Accurate determination of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is essential for HER2-targeted therapy. HER2 expression in a complex environment, such as in a heterogenous tumor, makes precise assessment difficult using current methods. Therefore, we developed a novel 99mTc-labeled anti-HER2-single domain antibody (99mTc-NM-02) as a molecular imaging tracer for non-invasive detection of HER2 expression and investigated its safety, radiation dosimetry, biodistribution, and tumor-targeting potential in breast cancer patients.Methods: A lead compound (NM-02) was screened from a library of hexahistidine-tagged anti-HER2-single domain antibodies and labeled with 99mTc for the preparation of 99mTc-NM-02 tracer. Ten women with breast cancer were administered 99mTc-NM-02 at a mean dose of 458 ± 37 MBq (406−510 MBq), corresponding to 100 μg of NM-02. Whole-body and local SPECT/CT images were acquired at 1 and 2 h post-administration to investigate the tumor-targeting potential in primary and metastatic lesions. Additional images were acquired at 10 min, 3 h, and 24 h in three patients to calculate radiation dosimetry. Physical evaluation and blood analysis were performed for safety assessment.Results: No drug-related adverse reactions occurred. The tracer mainly accumulated in the kidneys and liver with mild uptake in the spleen, intestines, and thyroid, but only background levels were observed in other organs where primary tumors and metastases typically occurred. The mean effective dose was 6.56 × 10−3 mSv/MBq, and tracer uptake was visually observed in primary tumors and metastases. Owing to the fast clearance of the tracer, we were able to sufficiently discern uptake over normal background in both primary lesions and metastases within 2 h after injection. A maximal standard uptake value of 1.5 could be a reasonable cutoff for determining HER2 positivity using SPECT/CT imaging.Conclusions: Our 99mTc-NM-02 tracer can be safely used for imaging in breast cancer patients with reasonable radiation doses, favorable biodistribution and imaging characteristics. 99mTc-NM-02 SPECT imaging may provide an accurate and non-invasive method to detect HER2 status in breast cancer patients.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04040686. Registered 30 July 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04040686.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Personalized Combination Regimens for the Treatment of Advanced Refractory Cancers
Authors: Crook Timothy , Patil Darshana , Nagarkar Rajnish , Gaya Andrew , Plowman Nicholas , Limaye Sewanti , Srivast Navin , Datta Vineet , Akolkar Dadasaheb , Bose Chirantan , Kumar Prashant , Sriniva Ajay , Datar Rajan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Angiogenic factors are commonly activated in solid tumors and present a viable therapeutic target. However, anticancer treatment with angiogenesis inhibitors (AGI) is limited to a few cancers, mostly as monotherapy and not selected based on molecular indications. We aimed to determine whether patient-specific combination regimens with AGI and other anticancer agents when selected based on multi-analyte tumor interrogation (ETA: Encyclopedic Tumor Analysis) can expand the scope of AGIs in advanced refractory solid organ cancers with improved treatment responses.
Methods

We evaluated treatment outcomes in 60 patients with advanced, refractory solid organ cancers who received ETA-guided combination regimens of AGI with other targeted, endocrine or cytotoxic agents. Radiological evaluation of treatment response was followed by determination of Objective Response Rate (ORR), Disease Control Rate (DCR), Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS).
Results

Among the 60 patients, Partial Response (PR) was observed in 28 cases (46.7%), Stable Disease (SD) was observed in 29 cases (48.3%) and Disease Progression (PD, within 60 days) was observed in 3 cases (5.0%). The ORR was 46.7% and DCR was 95.0%. At the most recent follow, up the median PFS (mPFS) was 5.0 months and median OS (mOS) was 8.9 months. There were no Grade 4 therapy related adverse events or treatment related deaths.
Conclusions

ETA-guided patient-specific combination regimens with AGI and other anti-neoplastic agents, can yield improved outcomes over AGI monotherapy.
Trial Registration

Details of all trials are available at WHO-ICTRP: https://apps.who.int/trialsearch/. RESILIENT ID CTRI/2018/02/011808. LIQUID IMPACT ID CTRI/2019/02/017548.
Stakeholder engagement in the health policy process in a low income country: a qualitative study of stakeholder perceptions of the challenges to effective inclusion in Malawi
Authors: Masefield Sarah C. , Msosa Alan , Chinguwo Florence Kasende , Grugel Jean 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Inclusive engagement in healthcare policies and decision-making, including with patients, non-government organisations and local government, is essential to address the needs of patients and communities, reducing health inequities and increasing the accountability of the government. In low income countries such as Malawi, with significant health challenges, stakeholder inclusion is particularly important to improve performance and service delivery. The 2017 National Health Plan II (NHP II) and accompanying Health Sector Strategic Plan II (HSSP II) aimed to improve the functioning of the healthcare system. The Ministry of Health for Malawi intended to involve all key health sector stakeholders in their development. This study explores the extent of stakeholder engagement in the health policy process through the perceptions of local level stakeholders of their engagement in the NHP II and HSSP II.Methods: A qualitative study design was used. Interviews were conducted with 19 representatives of organisations operating at the local level, such as civil society organisations and local government. Open questions were asked about experiences and perceptions of the development of the NHP II and HSSP II. Inductive content analysis was performed.Results: Stakeholders perceived barriers to inclusive and meaningful engagement in the health policy process. Three categories were identified: power (tokenistic involvement; stakeholder hierarchy; mutual distrust); representation (preferred stakeholders; open versus invited engagement); stakeholder-driven engagement. Conclusions: Local level stakeholders identified serious challenges to the meaningful and equitable engagement of stakeholder groups in the health policy process. Issues of trust, accountability and hierarchy in donor-citizen-government relations must be addressed to support stakeholder engagement. Engagement must go beyond tokenism to embed a range of stakeholders in the process with feedback mechanisms to ensure impact from their contributions. Local level stakeholders can be empowered to advocate for and participate in both invited and open stakeholder engagement exercises, and policy literacy increased but greater top-down efforts to engage stakeholders via diverse and inclusive methods are also required. These issues are not unique to Malawi or to health policy-making.
Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics –Lactobacillus Plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus Clausii UBBC07 on Thioacetamide-Induced Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Rats
Authors: Patel Chirag Amrutlal , Shahgond Lalita , Thakur Khushboo , Sarkar Dipta , Acharya Sanjeev R , Patel Priyanshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) or hepatic coma is an onerous, not utterly understood complication accompanying both acute and chronic liver dysfunction and/ or presence of portosystemic shunting. In HE, hyperammonemia and inflammatory responses are believed to act in synergism. Probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus clausii UBBC07 reduce small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and hyperammonemia, thereby preventing the development of HE. Methods: The effect of probiotics-Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP40 (107CFU/day, 14 days) and Bacillus clausiiUBBC07 (107CFU/day, 14 days) combination and standard drug-lactulose (2.5 ml/kg in 3 divided doses, 14 days) was studied in thioacetamide (250mg/kg for 3 days) induced acute HE in rats by measuring behavioural parameters, biochemical parameters (serum AST, ALT, ALP and ammonia level), neurochemical parameters and histopathology study in brain and liver. Results: In contrast to only thioacetamide treated rats, probiotics treatment substantially (p<0.001) reduced liver function parameters i.e. serum AST, ALT, ALP, and ammonia, improved behaviour parameters, i.e. decreased motor disruption, improved memory impairment. Probiotics treated rats have also shown a substantial improvement in parameters of oxidative stress, i.e. decreased lipid peroxidation and increased glutathione level in brain tissue and ameliorate the histopathological changes induced by thioacetamide in brain and liver.Conclusions: It can be concluded based on the findings that the combination therapy of Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus clausiiUBBC07 proves to be effective in acute hepatic encephalopathy in the preclinical stage and further studies are required to assess this therapy potential in the clinical stage.
Reproductive Factors and the Risk of Incident Dementia: Results From the UK Biobank
Authors: Gong Jessica , Harris Katie , Peters Sanne A E , Woodward Mark 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To examine the risk of incident all-cause dementia associated with reproductive factors in women, and the number of children in both sexes; and whether the effects vary by age, socioeconomic status (SES), smoking status and body mass index in the UK Biobank.Methods: A total of 273,265 women and 228,966 men without prevalent dementia from the UK Biobank were included in the analyses. Cox proportional hazard regressions estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for reproductive factors with incident all-cause dementia.Results: Over a median of 11.3 years follow-up, 1,680 dementia were recorded in women and 2,021 in men. Adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for dementia were 1.20 (1.08, 1.35) for menarche <12 years, and 1.24 (1.10, 1.39) for menarche ≥15 years compared to 13 years; 0.86 (0.74, 1.00) for ever been pregnant; 0.80 (0.69, 0.93) for each abortion; 1.29 (1.12, 1.49) for menopause at <47 compared to 50 years; 1.13 (1.01, 1.27) for hysterectomy; 0.80 (0.72, 0.90) for oral contraceptive pills use; and 1.56 (1.40, 1.73) for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use. The U-shaped associations between the number of children and the risk of dementia were similar for both sexes. There was evidence for early (natural and artificial) menopause, and a greater number of children were associated with a higher risk of dementia among women of relatively lower SES only.Conclusions: Shorter cumulative endogenous estrogen exposure in women is associated with higher dementia risk, although female biological factors involved in childbearing are unlikely to account for risk variation.
Impact of transcranial direct current stimulation on cognitive function, brain functional segregation, and integration in patients with mild cognitive impairment according to amyloid-beta deposition and APOE ε4-allele
Authors: Kang Dong Woo , Wang Sheng-Min , Kim TaeYeong , Kim Donghyeon , Na Hae-Ran , Kim Nak-Young , Lee Chang Uk , Lim Hyun Kook 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Background: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (anodal-tDCS) is known to improve cognition and normalise abnormal network configuration during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We evaluated the impact of sequential anodal-tDCS on cognitive functions, functional segregation, and integration parameters in patients with MCI, according to high-risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD): amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and APOE ε4-allele status. Methods: In 32 patients with MCI ([18F] flutemetamol-: n = 10, [18F] flutemetamol+: n = 22; APOE ε4-: n = 13, APOE ε4+: n = 19), we delivered anodal-tDCS (2 mA/day, five times/week, for 2 weeks) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and assessed the neuropsychological test battery and resting-state fMRI measurements before and after 2 weeks’ stimulation.Results: We observed a trend for impact of an anodal-tDCS-by-Aβ retention interaction on MMSE score changes. Baseline Aβ accumulation tended to be negatively associated with word list recognition score changes. We found a significant effect of tDCS-by-APOE ε4-allele interaction on changes in the functional segregation parameter of the temporal pole. Baseline Aβ deposition associated negatively with change in global functional integrity of hippocampal formation. There was a significant difference in brain functional segregation and integration parameters between MCI patients with and without high-risk factors of AD.Conclusions: Thus, anodal-tDCS could help to improve cognitive function and enhance restorative and compensatory intrinsic functional changes in MCI patients, modulated by the presence of Aβ retention and the APOE ε4-allele. Trial registration: This study is registered with the Clinical Research Information Service of Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KCT0006020). Registered on 24 March 2021—retrospectively registered.
Fundamental Relationships of Executive Functions and Physiological Abilities with Game Intelligence, Game Time and Injuries in Elite Soccer Players
Authors: Scharfen Hans-Erik , Memmert Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The study’s aim was threefold: examine 1) the relation between executive functions and coach-rated evaluation of game intelligence; 2) the predictive value of cognitive and athletic performance parameters concerning playing time, and 3) injuries to analyze fundamental associations of soccer expertise across all ages.Design/Methods: A sample of 172 elite soccer players (12-34 years of age) performed tests assessing multiple-object tracking, working memory capacity, cognitive flexibility, and inhibition. Endurance-performance at the individual anaerobic threshold (IAT), ability to repeatedly perform intense exercises (RIEA) and maximal anaerobic performance parameters (squat jump, countermovement jump, drop jump, sprint) were also measured. Game intelligence game time and injury incidence were tracked.Results: Working memory capacity, cognitive flexibility, and a total cognition score showed correlations with game intelligence, and the same parameter, along with selective attention and game intelligence, were also correlated with game time. Sprint and RIEA were connected with game time, whereas contact injuries only correlated with sprint, and noncontact injuries with sprint and performance-IAT.Conclusion: Especially executive functions represent fundamental associations with game intelligence and game time across all age groups but not with injury incidences, whereas certain physiological abilities may contribute to more game time and less non-contact injuries depending on age.
The effect of adding CsCl content on physicochemical properties of (GeS2–Sb2S3)100-x(CsCl)x (0 ≤ x ≤ 40 mol%) chalcohalide glasses
Authors: Boukhris Imed , Kebaili Imen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The physico-chemical properties of (GeS2–Sb2S3)100-x(CsCl)x (0 ≤ x ≤ 40 mol%) chalcohalide glasses were theoretically studied. The band gap (Eg) of the studied glass system was estimated and was found to increase by adding the CsCl content. Furthermore, the positions of the valence band and conduction band edges was determined. The results reveal that the molar volume (Vm) of the studied samples increased while the density (ρ) and the number of atoms per unit volume (N) decreased with increasing the CsCl content. The overall coordination number (CN), constraints number (Ns) and overall mean bond energy (<E>) were computed using the chemical bond approach and were found to decrease. In contrast, the number of lone-pair electrons (LP) and cohesive energy (CE) increased. Finally, the glass-transition temperature (Tg) was also estimated based on the overall mean bond energy, and was found to decrease with increasing the CsCl content.
The First Case Report of a Rare Gastric Plexiform Fibromyxoma: Histological Images With an Infiltrative Growth Pattern of Diffuse Infiltration in Stomach.
Authors: Li Zhenyu , Jiang Qingming , Guo Dongfang , Peng Yangling , Zhang Jing , Chen Xinyu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Plexiform Fibromyxoma (PF) of the stomach is a very rare mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. We report the first case of PF which was confirmed after surgical resection pathologically. Case summary: The tumor was characterised microscopically infiltrative and diffuse growth into the smooth muscle bundles of the muscularis propria by multinodular and plexiform within myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the tumor cells were positive or weakly positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA), vimentin and H-caldesmon, and negative for desmin, CD117, CD34, CK-20, Pan-CK, Dog1, S100, ER, PR, and CD10. No mutations of C-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) were detected in our case. No genetic disruption of glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Conclusion: So we mainly relied on the morphological and immunohistochemistry findings and made the final diagnosis of PF.
The Clinicopathological Significance and Prognostic Value of Obg-Like Atpase 1 (OLA1) in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Juan , Zheng Zihan , Cao Qinghua , Liu Xiufen , Wang Zhiqing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Backgroud Obg-like ATPase 1 (OLA1) is a member of the Obg family of P-loop NTPases and has recently been detected in several human cancer cells. However, its expression type and clinical relevance in gastric cancer remains unclear. Methods In the present study, 2 datasets downloaded from the open Gene Expression Omnibus database were used to evaluate the mRNA level of OLA1 in gastric cancer. Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR further validated the mRNA expression in gastric cancer tissues. Immunohistochemistry was performed on gastric cancer tissue microarray to assess OLA1 protein expression type, prognostic value, biological significance and its association with Snail in 334 patients of gastric cancer. The prognostic value of combination of OLA1 and Snail has been evaluated. Results The results showed that OLA1 mRNA and protein were elevated in gastric cancer tissues. High expression of OLA1 was significantly associated with aggressive features, such as tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P = 0.0146, P = 0.0037, P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, high levels of OLA1 predicted worse overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that high expression of OLA1 was an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.573; 95% confidence interval, 0.376–0.872; P = 0.009). Additionally, OLA1 expression was positively correlated with Snail, and combination of them revealed improved prognostic accuracy for gastric cancer patients. Conclusions Our results suggested that OLA1 high expression was considered as an independent factor for the prediction of unfavorable prognosis in gastric cancer patients, and we believe that OLA1 could serve as a biomarker of poor prognosis and a novel target in treating gastric cancers.