bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hand Grip Strength is Inversely Associated with Albumin to Creatinine Ratio Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in a Community-Based Study
Authors: Liu Xiaoxia , Zhang Yuanpin , Zheng Hangping , Sun Wanwan , Ji Lijin , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Qi , Bai Yuetian , Li Yiming , Lu Bin , Zhu Xiaoming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aims The relationship of albuminuria with hand grip strength in patients with type 2 diabetes was still uncertain. We carried out a cross-sectional study to examine the association between serum hand grip strength and albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) among Chinese patients with Type 2 Diabetes in a community-based study. Methods A total of 427 Chinese type 2 diabetic patients were recruited from five clinical centers from March to May in 2019. Anthropometry indicators, hand grip strength, biochemical parameters and indices of glucose metabolism were measured. ACR was categorized as normo- (ACR<30 mg/g) and albuminuria (ACR≥30 mg/g). Both anthropometry and biochemical measurements were compared between these two groups categorized by ACR levels. Binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to evaluate the association of albuminuria and other clinical or biochemical variables. The correlation between hand grip strength and log(ACR) was examined by Pearson’s correlation analyses. P values<0.05 were considered statistically significant for all analyses. Results Age, HbA1c, FPG, TG, Scr and SBP were all higher in correlation with higher levels of ACR, while hand grip strength was the reverse. Binary logistic regression analyses showed that high hand grip strength was an independent protective factor of the presence of albuminuria. Conclusions High hand grip strength might have a protective role in the progression of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
Association between climate variables and pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in Brunei Darussalam, 2001 - 2018
Authors: Chaw Liling , Liew Sabrina Q.R. , Wong Justin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Seasonality of tuberculosis is a long known but less understood phenomenon, particularly in equatorial countries. This study investigated the association between climate variables and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) incidence in Brunei Darussalam. Weekly data on PTB case counts and climate variables from January 2001 to December 2018 were analysed using the distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) framework. After adjusting for long term trend and seasonality, multivariable analysis showed inverse association between PTB incidence and minimum temperature (relative risk [RR] significant up till the first 12 lagged weeks), total rainfall (RR significant after lag 12), and total sunshine hours (RR significant after lag 12). We also found a positive association between PTB incidence and mean relative humidity (RR significant up till the first 8 lagged weeks). No significant results were observed for average wind speed. Our findings reveal evidence of seasonal variation in PTB incidence in Brunei, but with varying degrees of magnitude, direction and timing. Though explainable by environmental and social factors, further studies on the relative contribution of recent (through primary human-to-human transmission) and remote (through reactivation of latent TB) TB infection in equatorial settings is warranted.
Action of the natural compound esculetin on Ca2+ movement and survival in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Jan Chung-Ren , Kuo Chun-Chi , Hao Lyh-Jyh , Chou Chiang-Ting , Wang Jue-Long , Lin Rong An , Liao Wei-Chuan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Esculetin is derived from coumarin and is shown to be the main constituent of the Chinese herb Cortex Fraxini. The molecular paths underlying the action of esculetin are intensively studied. The outcome of esculetin on Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in prostate cells is unexplored. Fura-2 was used to detect Ca2+ changes. Death was assessed by using WST-1. At doses of 25-100 mM, esculetin evoked [Ca2+]i raises. This signal was lessened by 15% by exclusion of Ca2+. Esculetin (100 μM) induced Mn2+ entry that implied Ca2+ influx. Esculetin-evoked Ca2+ influx was curbed by 50% by nifedipine (1 mM), econazole (0.5 mM) and SKF96365 (5 mM); phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA; 1 nM; a protein kinase C [PKC] activator); and GF109203X (2 mM; a PKC inhibitor. In the absence of Ca2+, pretreatment with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ pump inhibitor thapsigargin (1 mM) eradicated esculetin-induced [Ca2+]i raises. U73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) suppressor got rid of esculetin-caused [Ca2+]i rises. Esculetin (20-70 mM) evoked death which was not restrained by treatment with the Ca2+ binder BAPTA/AM. In summary, in PC3 cells, esculetin stimulated [Ca2+]i raises by Ca2+ influx through PKC-sensitive store-operated Ca2+ entry and PLC-associated ER Ca2+ discharging. Esculetin provoked Ca2+-independent cell death.
Direct Numerical Simulation on the Unsteady Flow Field of Low-Pressure Turbine Cascades With and Without Upstream Wake at Low Reynolds Number
Authors: Pang Xiyuan , Zhu Hongbo , Wu Feng , Bao Yan , Xu Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The spectral/hp element method is a high fidelity method that has good numerical dispersion-diffusion characteristics and is flexible and applicable to quasi-three-dimensional aerodynamic problems with complex geometric configurations in the streamline direction and the pitch direction. This paper uses this method to directly solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, and analyzes the aerodynamic performance of the T106A low-pressure turbine cascade at low Reynolds number. Two different conditions, i.e. uniform inlet flow and cylinder’s wake flow, are adopted and their basic characteristics of flow separation and transition are quantitatively analyzed and compared, by observing the distribution of cascade wall surface pressure and friction coefficient, the distribution of wake profile pressure loss and the evolution characteristics of boundary layer flow structure. The numerical results show that the spectral/hp element method can accurately predict the flow separation and transition performance of low-pressure turbine cascades, which implies that it can be used as a high-fidelity simulation and calculation tool for the optimal design of this type of cascade. It is also found that cylinder’s wake can effectively inhibit boundary layer separation of the T106A LPT blade and improve aerodynamic performance and efficiency of it.
Sequencing Introduced False Positive Rare Taxa Lead to Distorted Microbial Community Diversity, Assembly, and Interaction Interpretation in Amplicon Studies
Authors: JIA Yangyang , Zhao Shengguo , Guo Wenjie , Peng Ling , Zhao Fang , Wang Lushan , Fan Guangyi , Zhu Yuanfang , Xu Dayou , Liu Guilin , Wang Ruoqing , Fang Xiaodong , Zhang He , Kristiansen Karsten , Zhang Wenwei , Chen Jianwei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Due to the inherent scarcity of the microbial rare taxa, it is difficult to distinguish between bona fide rare taxa and potential false positives in metabarcoding amplicon sequencing studies. Although recently developed quality control and clustering or denoising algorithms could remove sequencing errors or non-biological artifact reads, no algorithm could remove high quality reads from sample-wise cross contaminations introduced by index misassignment. Results: We thoroughly evaluated the rate of index misassignment of the mostly used NovaSeq 6000 and DNBSEQ-G400 sequencing platforms using both commercial and customized mock communities, and observed significant higher (5.68% vs 0.08%) fraction of potential false positive reads for NovaSeq 6000 compared to DNBSEQ-G400 in. Significant batch effects could be caused by the randomly detected false positive or false negative rare taxa. These false detections introduced by index misassignment could also lead to inflated alpha diversity for relatively simple samples while underestimated alpha diversity for complex samples. Further test using a set of cow rumen samples reported differential rare taxa by different sequencing platforms. Correlation test of the rare taxa detected by each sequencing platform demonstrated that the Novaseq 6000 platform detected rare taxa had a much lower possibility to be correlated with the physiochemical properties of rumen fluid. Community assembly mechanism and microbial network association analysis indicated that false positive or negative rare taxa detection could lead to distorted community assembly process and identification of even fake keystone species of the community, one of which was confirmed negative by PCR cloning and following Sanger sequencing. Conclusions: Metabarcoding amplicon sequencing process may introduce scarce but not neglectable false positives. We highly suggest proper positive and negative controls and technical replicate settings, and proper sequencing platform selection in future amplicon studies, especially when the microbial rare biosphere should be focused.
Corticosteroids Use and Risk of Respiratory Coinfections in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Ceballos María Elena , Nuñez Carolina , Uribe Javier , Vera María Magdalena , Castro Ricardo , García Patricia , Arriata Gabriel , Gándara Vicente , Vargas Camila , Dominguez Angélica , Cerón Inés , Born Pablo , Espíndola Eduardo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

To describe respiratory coinfections, predictive factors and outcomes in patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) with COVID-19.
Methods

Cohort study, carried out in a Chilean single tertiary Hospital. All patients with COVID-19 admitted to ICU that required MV were included between 1 June and 31 July 2020.
Results

175 patients were admitted to ICU and required MV. Of these, 71 patients developed at least one respiratory coinfection (40.6 %). Early coinfections and late coinfections were diagnosed in 1.7% and 31.4% of all patients admitted to ICU respectively. Within late coinfections, 88% were bacterial, 10% were fungal, and 2% were viral coinfections. One third of isolated bacteria were multidrug-resistant. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk for coinfection was 7.7 times higher for patients with history of corticosteroids (adOR = 7.65, CI 95%: 1.04-56.2, p=0,046) and 2.7 times higher for patients that received dexamethasone during hospitalization (adOR=2.69; CI 95%: 1.14-6.35, p=0,024) than patients that were not exposed. For each additional day in MV, the risk of coinfection increases 1.1 times (adOR=1.06; CI 95%: 1.01-1.11, p=0,025).
Conclusions

Patients in ICU with COVID-19 that require MV had a high rate of coinfections during their stay, but not at admission. Major predisposing factors are the history of corticosteroids, the use of dexamethasone during hospitalization and days in MV.
Microinvasive breast cancer and the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy
Authors: Hacking Sean , Wu Dongling , Banks Mara , Graves Theresa , Leonard Kara-Lynne , Wang Lijuan , Yakirevich Evgeny , Wang Yihong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Whether sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) should be performed in patients with microinvasive breast cancer (MIBC) has been a matter of debate over the last decade. MIBC has a favorable prognosis. Metastasis to the axilla is rare in MIBC, but such axillary mets would impact on treatment recommendations. In this study, we evaluated clinical and histological features in both MIBC and background DCIS including the ER, PR, and HER-2/neu, number of foci of MIBC, and the extent of the DCIS, nuclear grade, presence of comedo necrosis, as well as surgical procedures, adjuvant treatment and follow up, to identify variables which predict disease free survival (DFS), as well as the factors which influence clinical decision making. In the group of 72 patients with MIBC, an average mean patient follow-up time was 32 months. Three patients with MIBC had recurrence, and two deceased, leaving 5 patients in total with poor long-term outcomes and a DFS rate of 91.7%. Performing mastectomy, high nuclear grade, and negativity for ER and HER-2 were found to be associated with the use of SLNB, although none of these variables were found to be associated with DFS. One positive lymph node case was discovered following SLNB in our study. This suggests the use of SLNB may provide diagnostic information to some patients, although these are the anomalies. When comparing patients who had undergone SLNB vs those that had not, there was no difference in DFS; while following multivariate analysis, patients who underwent adjuvant radiation (HR: 0.093, P = 0.04)) were found to have improved DFS. Certainly, the use of SLNB in MIBC is quite the conundrum. It is important to acknowledge that surgical complications have been reported, and traditional metrics used for risk assessment in invasive breast cancer may not necessarily represent risk in the setting of microinvasion.
Gadolinium-Oxide Nanoparticles for Cryogenic Magnetocaloric Applications
Authors: Zelenakova Adriana , Hrubovcak Pavol , Berkutova Anna , Sofranko Ondrej , Kucerka Norbert , Ivankov Olexander , Kuklin Alexander , Zelenak Vladimir , Girman Vladimir 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The series of advanced nanocomposites consisting of Gd2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) embedded into periodic porous SiO2 matrix have been investigated with respect to their structural and magnetocaloric properties. By means of small angle neutron scattering and transmission electron microscopy, regular nanopores organized in the cubic or hexagonal superlattice have been documented. The pores are occupied by the NPs of progressive concentration within the nanocomposite series. All of the examined systems have exhibited extraordinarily high values of magnetic entropy change at low temperatures, indicating their perspective utilization in cryogenic refrigeration. Profound analysis of magnetic entropy change data via scaling laws has been applied to the nanocomposite materials for the very first time. With the aid of scaling analysis, conclusions on magnetic properties and phase transition type have been made, even for the conditions unavailable in the laboratory.
Solar Dome Integration as Technical New in Water Desalination: Case Study Morocco Region Rabat-Kenitra
Authors: Lachhab Saad Eddine , Bliya A , Ibrahmi E Al , Dlimi L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In order to improve distillate water, this paper presents a study of the solar dome system that is considered as one of the most important economical solutions in the domain of drinking water production. For this, a mathematical model was built from equations describing the optical and thermal phenomenon involved in this process. The concentration of radiation and the heat flow were simulated in each 0.1m² of the dome which using the metrological parameters of Morocco’s region Rabat-Salé-Kenitra. The results can follow the evolution of the temperature of glass, salt water, point dew temperature, saturation pressure and evaporation rate as well as humidity reached in August month for the study zone. For this, a numerical implementation on Matlab and Ansys are compared with measurements for the same parameters showed in the domain study of single slope. The comparison results are more significant by the rise of the ray concentration rate reached until 99% if the inclination angle of the heliostat divided into three intervals. The saturation pressure increases as long as with the rate of evaporation and the humidity that produces ordinary daily fresh water.
Urine Proteomics Identifies Biomarkers for Diabetic Kidney Disease at Different Stages
Authors: Fan Guanjie , Gong Tongqing , Lin Yuping , Wang Jianping , Sun Lu , Wei Hua , Yang Xing , Liu Zhenjie , Li Xinliang , Zhao Ling , Song Lan , He Jiali , Liu Haibo , Li Xiuming , Liu Lifeng , Li Anxiang , Lu Qiyun , Zou Dongyin , Wen Jianxuan , Xia Yaqing , Wu Liyan , Huang Haoyue , Zhang Yuan , Xie Wenwen , Huang Jinzhu , Luo Lulu , Wu Lulu , He Liu , Liang Qingshun , Chen Qubo , Chen Guowei , Bai Mingze , Qin Jun , Ni Xiaotian , Tang Xianyu , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetic kidney disease is the most common cause of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end-stage renal diseases (ESRD). Although kidney biopsy is considered as the ‘gold standard’ for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) diagnosis, it is an invasive procedure, and the diagnosis can be influenced by sampling bias and personal judgement. It is desirable to establish a non-invasive procedure that can complement kidney biopsy in diagnosis and tracking the DKD progress.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we collected 252 urine samples, including 134 uncomplicated diabetes, 65 DKD, 40 CKD without diabetes and 13 follow-up diabetic sample, and analyzed the urine proteomes with liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We built logistic regression models to distinguish uncomplicated diabetes, DKD and other CKDs.
Results
We quantified 559 ± 202 gene products (GPs) (Mean ± SD) on a single sample and 2,946 GPs in total. Based on logistic regression models, DKD patients could be differentiated from the uncomplicated diabetic patients with 2 urinary proteins (AUC = 0.928), and the stage 3 (DKD3) and stage 4 (DKD4) DKD patients with 3 urinary proteins (AUC = 0.949). These results were validated in an independent data set. Finally, a 4-protein classifier identified putative pre-DKD3 patients, who showed DKD3 proteomic features but were not diagnosed by clinical standards. Follow-up studies on 11 patients indicated that 2 putative pre-DKD patient have progressed to DKD3.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated the potential for urinary proteomics as a noninvasive method for DKD diagnosis and identifying high-risk patients for progression monitoring.
Evaluation of Response to Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) Versus Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)
Authors: Han Jixia , Song Qi , Guo Feng , Du Rui , Fang Henghu , Lu Zejun , Kang Jingbo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Recommendations for surveillance after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not well defined. Recently, PET response criteria in solid tumors (PERCIST) have been proposed as a new standardized method to assess radiotherapeutic response both quantitatively and metabolically. The aim of this study was to evaluate therapeutic response following Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in early-stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients by comparing PERCIST with the currently widely used RECIST.Methods: Forty-nine patients with early-stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer who had been prescribed Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy were studied. Responses of lesion were evaluated using CT and 18F-FDG PET according to the RECIST and PERCIST methods. PET-CT scans were obtained before SBRT and 3 to 6 months after SBRT. Associations between overall survival and clinicopathologic results (histology, tumor location, tumor size, lymphatic invasion, clinical stage, radiotherapeutic responses in RECIST and PERCIST) were statistically analyzed. Median patient follow-up was 30 months.Results: Thirteen patients had stage IA, 9 stage IB, 10 stage IIA, and 17 stage IIB biopsy-proven NSCLC. Three-year overall survival was 79.6%. CT scans indicated 3 regional recurrences. PET/d-chest indicated 3 regional recurrences and distant metastasis. Significant differences were observed in response classification between RECIST and PERCIST (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P=0.0041). Uni-variate analysis showed that clinical stage, RECIST and PERCIST were significant factors associated with overall survival, whilst by multivariate analysis PERCIST was the only predictor of overall survival. SMD, PMD/PMR, CMR in PERCIST criteria was indicative of a 9.900-fold increase in the risk of overall survival in early NSCLC patients [RR 9.900 (95% CI 1.040, 21.591), P=0.001].Conclusion: RECIST based on the anatomic size reduction rate did not demonstrate correlation between radiotherapeutic response and prognosis in patients with early-stage NSCLC receiving SBRT. However, PERCIST was shown as the strongest independent predictor of outcomes. PERCIST might be considered more suitable for evaluation of NSCLC tumour response to SBRT than RECIST.
Leriche Syndrome Diagnosed Due to Polytrauma: a Case Report
Authors: Yoshimura Genki , Kamidani Ryo , Miura Tomotaka , Oiwa Hideaki , Mizuno Yosuke , Yasuda Ryu , Kitagawa Yuichiro , Fukuta Tetsuya , Miyake Takahito , Okamoto Haruka , Kanda Norihide , Doi Tomoaki , Okada Hideshi , Yoshida Takahiro , Yoshida Shozo , Ogura Shinji 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Leriche syndrome is caused by atherosclerosis and is often characterized by symptoms such as intermittent claudication as well as numbness and coldness of the lower limbs. Its exact prevalence and incidence are unknown because it is a rare disease. We report a case of Leriche syndrome diagnosed incidentally on a trauma pan-scan computed tomography (CT).Case Presentation: A 61-year-old Asian man was driving a passenger car when he had a head-on collision with a dump truck and received an emergency call. He was transported to our hospital in a doctor's helicopter. Physical examination revealed the following vital signs: respiratory rate, 23 breaths per minute; SpO2, 98% under a 10 L administration mask; pulse rate, 133 beats per minute; blood pressure, 142/128 mmHg; Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma, positive; Glasgow Coma Scale E3V5M6; and body temperature, 35.9℃.Trauma pan-scan CT showed bilateral mandibular fractures, bilateral multiple rib fractures, bilateral pneumothorax, sternal fractures, peri-thoracic hematoma, small bowel perforation, mesenteric injury, right clavicle fracture, right ankle debridement injury, and thrombotic occlusion of the bilateral common iliac arteries from just above the abdominal aortic bifurcation. Although thrombotic occlusion needed to be differentiated from traumatic aortic injury, the presence of collateral blood vessels led to the diagnosis of Leriche syndrome, and conservative treatment was performed.Damage control surgery was required for small bowel injuries. From the second day of admission, the patient was treated with continuous intravenous heparin and prostaglandin preparations. However, impaired blood flow and reperfusion injury in the right lower extremity progressed. On the fifth day of admission, right thigh amputation was performed. The patient required renal replacement therapy for approximately two weeks starting from the third day of admission.Conclusions: In this case, conservative therapy was initially chosen as the treatment for Leriche syndrome. However, the complex factors in the acute phase of trauma lead to hemorrhagic necrosis development, resulting in amputation of the lower extremity. Our findings making necessitate the importance of decision of treatment indication and choice.