bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heavy metal pollution assessment and its indexing approach for drinking water around inactive mine sites, Southwestern region of Cuddapah Basin, South India.
Authors: Yenugu Sudharshan Reddy , Vangala Sunitha , Badri Suvarna 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hazardous compounds in aquifers, especially potentially toxic heavy metals, are a major environmental and socioeconomic problem around the world. Hence, the study is intense to quantify, for the first time, the pollution status and ecological risk of heavy metals around inactive mining sites in the Southwestern (SW) region of Cuddapah Basin. Ten heavy metals, including arsenic (As), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr) were investigated for a total of 50 groundwater samples of this study. The findings of the study revealed that arsenic (0-60.5 and o.56.3 µg/L), cadmium (0-28.1 and 0.31.1 µg/L), nickel (0-110.2 and 0–99 µg/L)), lead (0-175.6 and 0-92.3), Strontium (0-1150 and 0-1440 µg/L) concentrations are above the acceptable levels in both pre and post – monsoon seasons. The Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), Heavy Metal Evolution Index (HEI) and Degree of contamination (DOC) are applied to assess hazardous metal pollution in drinking water of this area. According to HPI values 17.5 % and 10% of samples fall under high pollution index; as per the classes of HEI, 95 % and 100% of samples fall under low pollution class during the pre and post-monsoon season. According to DOC, all groundwater samples fall in a low zone. As per ecological risk classification, 90% of the samples cause extreme high ecological risk in pre & post-monsoon season in the study area.
Does Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction Differ Among The Most Common Causes of Infertility? A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ashrafi Mahnaz , Jahangiri Nadia , Sadatmahalleh shahideh Jahanian , mirzaei negin , Hesari Naiiere. Gharagozloo , Rostami Frahnaz 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Sexuality as a fundamental component of women’s health, can be affected by infertility. The current study aimed at comparing the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women with the most common causes of infertility.
Methods

The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 infertile females with infertility due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, n = 80), endometriosis (n = 80) and male factor (n = 80) at Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine (Tehran, Iran) and 160 fertile women at health care centers, between May 2016 and June 2017. Sexual function was assessed by Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25.00) and differences were regarded statistically significant at p < 0. 05.
Results

The prevalence of female sexual dysfunction was 98.8% in women with PCOS, 100.0% in those with endometriosis, and 80.0% in those with male factor infertility. Overall, 36.2% of the enrolled fertile women were suffering from sexual dysfunction.
Conclusions

There was an association between the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction or individual domain scores of the FSFI, and infertility etiologies. Therefore, infertility care providers are required to take this into consideration and develop preventive strategies in this regard.
Incidence Rates of Myomectomy-Related Mortality and Venous Thromboembolism in South Korea: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Yuk Jin-Sung , Kim Myounghwan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Uterine leiomyomas are the most commonly observed pathologies, with an estimated prevalence of 4.5–68.6%. We aimed to calculate the post-myomectomy mortality rates in the Republic of Korea.
Methods
The data of patients who underwent myomectomy (2009–2018) were obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Inpatient Sample. The mortality rate after myomectomy was calculated using the leiomyoma diagnostic codes and myomectomy procedure codes.
Results
The data of 23,549 women who underwent myomectomy among 3,307,214 women aged 15–55 years were extracted. The rate of myomectomy was 14.6 ± 0.1 per 10,000 patients. The average age was 39.39 ± 0.04 years. One patient who underwent myomectomy died; this patient did not have concomitant venous thromboembolism (VTE). The post-myomectomy mortality rate was 1.3 ± 0.8 per 10,000 patients. The incidence rates of VTE, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism after myomectomy were 5.7 ± 1.6 per 10,000 patients, 4.4 ± 1.4 per 10,000 patients, and 2.5 ± 1 per 10,000 patients, respectively. The conversion rate to hysterectomy was 2.9 ± 1.1 per 10,000 patients.
Conclusion
The current mortality rate after myomectomy (0.013%) is substantially lower than that described in previous studies at the turn of the 20th century.
A Low Profile Asterick-Shaped Polarization Free Metamaterial-Inspired Absorber for Penta-Band Characteristics
Authors: Singh Raghvenda Kumar , Gupta Ashish , Yadav Akash , Gupta Nishchay , Tyagi Utkarsh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A penta-band absorber is proposed and developed exhibiting ultra thin and polarization insensitive behavior. It has been designed to be operated in S, C and Ku bands with absorptions peaks at more than 95%. Proposed absorber is processed on a FR4 Glass Epoxy laminate with equivalent electrical thickness of 0.0108 λ0 where λ0 is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency of operation. This confirms the ultra-thin nature of the structure. The absorption pattern of the proposed structure has been characterized under normal and oblique incidence followed by their experimental verification. Presented results demonstrate highly polarization-independent behavior of the proposed absorber due to its symmetric geometry. Also, the electromagnetic field distributions have been studied to acquire better insight of the absorption mechanism corresponding to distinct elements presented in the structure. Then the suggested structure is characterized in terms of its behavior as metamaterial, which ensures the miniaturization. The proposed absorber is suitable to be used in applications like radar cross section reduction, stealth technology, radio frequency identification and electromagnetic compatibility.
Transcriptome based identification and validation of heat stress transcription factors in wheat progenitor species Aegilops speltoides
Authors: Seni Sushmita , Kaur Satinder , Malik Palvi , Yadav Inderjit Singh , Sirohi Parul , Chauhan Harsh , Kaur Amandeep , Chhuneja Parveen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Wheat, one of the major cereal crops worldwide, get adversely affected by rising global temperature. We have identified the diploid B genome progenitor of wheat, Aegilops speltoides (SS), as a potential donor for heat stress tolerance. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to study the total transcriptome profile of Ae. speltoides accession pau3809 and compare with that of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat cultivars PDW274 and PBW725, respectively. The comparative transcriptome was utilized to identify and validate heat stress transcription factors (HSFs), the key genes involved in imparting heat stress tolerance. Transcriptome analysis led to the identification of a total of 74K, 68K, and 76K genes in AS3809, PDW274, and PBW725, respectively. There was a high uniformity of GO profiles under the biological, molecular, and cellular functions across the three wheat transcriptomes, suggesting the conservation of gene function. Twelve HSFs with the highest FPKM value in the Ae. speltoides transcriptome data were selected and six of these HSFs namely HSFA3, HSFA5, HSFA9, HSFB2a, HSFC1b, and HSFB2b were validated with qRT PCR. These six HSFs were identified as an important component of thermotolerance in Ae. speltoides as evident from their comparative higher expression under heat stress.
Substance Use and Associated Factors Among Medical Students at the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Aragie Yonas Sisay , Chanie Gashaw Sisay , Woldekiros Haddis Birhanu , Shibe Biniam Siyum , Kassa Getahun Molla 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of substances such as cigarettes, alcohol, and khat has become the rising major public health and socioeconomic problems and more exercised in higher education students. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of substance use among medical students at the University of Gondar, Ethiopia.MethodA cross-sectional study was employed among medical students at the University of Gondar in the year 2020. All intern and above medical students were recurred and interviewed by using a self-administered questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of current substance use at a p. value < 0.05 in the multivariable model to declare a significant dependent variable.ResultsOut of 277 responded to the interview 91 students (33%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 27, 38) were current substance users. Enjoyment (39%) was a major reason for starting substance use. Addiction (82%), liver injury (87%), and lung cancer (87%) were the primary mentioned health risks of khat, alcohol, and cigarettes, respectively. Students age (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =1.26, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.6), friend/s substance use history (AOR=6.09, 95% CI: 2.29, 16.2), and students with parents history of substance use (AOR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.14, 4.88) were factors significantly associated with the substance use.ConclusionOne-third of medical students at the University of Gondar were current substance users. Students with increasing age and those who have proximity with peoples who use substances were the independent positively associated factors for substance use.
Antimicrobial Prescription patterns in East Africa: A systematic Review
Authors: Acam Joan , Kuodi Paul , Medhin Girmay , Makonnen Eyasu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is currently a recognised global health problem stemming from poor antibiotic stewardship by health workers and inappropriate antimicrobial use by patients. Data showing the extent of poor antimicrobial stewardship in low- and middle-income countries are scanty though high incidences of antimicrobial resistance are increasingly reported in many settings across the globe. The objective of the present study was, therefore, to evaluate prescriptions for antimicrobials in East Africa. MethodsA comprehensive literature search strategy that includes text words and medical subject headings was developed and applied to predefined electronic databases. Two authors independently screened the titles and abstracts of the outputs of the literature search. Full texts were then independently reviewed by the two researchers. Extracted data from included studies were pooled using meta-analysisResultsMajority of the included studies (30.8%) were retrieved from Ethiopia, followed by Sudan, Kenya and Tanzania each contributing 19.2%. The overall proportion of encounter with antimicrobials reported was 57% (95%CI 42%; 73%). Ethiopia had an overall patient encounter with antimicrobials of 63% [95%CI: 50%, 76%] followed by Sudan with an overall encounter with antimicrobials of 62% [95%CI: 34%, 85%]. Studies from Kenya reported the overall encounter with antimicrobials of 54% [95%CI: 15%, 90%], whereas studies from Tanzania reported an overall patient encounter with antimicrobials of 40% [95%CI: 21%, 60%]. ConclusionPrescription patterns demonstrated in this review significantly deviate from WHO recommendations suggesting inappropriate antimicrobial use in the East African countries. Further studies have to be pursued to generate more information on antimicrobial use in this region.
Retention of Knowledge and Skills in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Among Clinical and Intensive Care Professionals After Educational Intervention
Authors: de Araujo Nyagra Ribeiro , Moretti Miguel Antonio , de Araújo Raul Amaral , Chagas Antonio Carlos Palandri 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Health professionals are expected to be competent in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), thus requiring acquisition and maintenance of knowledge and practice. If time is an important factor associated with the loss of these competencies, acting in CPR situations more frequently may contribute to greater retention. Thus, this study aimed to compare the retention of knowledge and skills in CPR among health professionals in clinical and intensive care after educational intervention. Methods: Intervention, prospective and analytical study. Nursing professionals from the clinical care unit (CCU) and intensive care unit (ICU) received a first theoretical and practical CPR training, called T1, and a retraining nine months later, called T2, being followed for a total period of 18 months. The comparison of the percentage score of knowledge and practice between the evaluations was made by the Wilcoxon test and Friedman's test, considered significant for p<0.05. Results: 56 professionals participated in all stages of the study, 34 CCU professionals and 22 ICU professionals. Soon after T1, the ICU group showed a greater ease of learning (p=0.032), which disappeared after T2, showing a leveling of the groups. Regarding skills, they also reduced with time in a similar way between groups. However, nine months after T2, even reducing practical skills, they were significantly higher in ICU professionals compared to those in the CCU (p=0.018). Knowledge retention nine months after T1 and T2 was similar between groups. However, nine months after T2 the ICU professionals were able to retain more practical skills in CPR (p=0.030). Conclusions: The retraining improved knowledge in both groups in a similar way, but the ICU group retained more practical skills, reinforcing the thesis that a higher frequency of action in CPR situations favors the retention of skills.
Radiolytic Synthesis and Characterization of Selenium Nanoparticles: Comparative Biosafety Evaluation with Selenite and Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Pereira Alline Gomes , Gerolis Luanai Graziele Luquini , Gonçalves Letícia Satler , Moreira Luciana Mara Costa , Gastelois Pedro Lana , Neves Maria José 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized by irradiating a solution containing sodium selenite (Se+4) as the precursor in YPG liquid medium with gamma-rays. Spherical particles were formed after reactions of sodium selenite with hydrated electrons (eaq-) and hydrogen radicals (H•) produced following water radiolysis. No hazardous reducing agents were employed. The obtained nanoparticles were morphologically characterized, and their physicochemical and structural parameters were analyzed. SeNPs characterization showed all selenium in the Se0 state. We incubated Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells with the SeNPs for 24 h and then challenged the cells with ionizing radiation. After radiation exposure, cells were assessed for cell viability, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, free radical generation, and total sulfhydryl content. The synthesized SeNPs were considered safe and less toxic at the concentration employed than the same selenite concentration. Except for the protein carbonylation results, there were no other significant modifications in viability or the oxidative stress parameters in SeNP-treated cells. It was concluded that 1 mM of the synthesized SeNPs does not trigger oxidative stress. Furthermore, we verified that SeNPs attenuate the reactive oxygen species generation after in vitro ionizing radiation exposure. These observations open up tremendous possibilities for radiosensitizer development.
The Impact of Blastocyst Grade on Singleton Birthweight in Fresh Transplanted Cycles
Authors: Shi Qiongyao , Shi Senlin , Song Wenyan , Zhao Feifei , Jin Haixia , Shi Hao , Yao Guidong , Liu Yan , Guo Yihong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: A retrospectively cohort study was performed to compare the birth weight of different blastocyst grades in fresh transplantation cycle and explore the related factors affecting the birth weight. Methods: The 1301 fresh cycles of single blastocyst transplantation and single live birth profile were analyzed,four groups were divided according to the grade of transplanted blastocyst. There are 170 cycles in group A with AA blastocyst grade, 312 cycles in group B with AB/BA blastocyst grade, 559 cycles in group C with BB/CA/AC blastocyst grade and 260 cycles in group D with BC/CB blastocyst grade. Comparison were made among four groups of birth weight, general conditions, fertilization rate, embryo rate, cleavage rate and D5,D6 blastocyst formation rate and other laboratory indicators. And then comparison were performed among the birth weight of different groups which were divided by the degree of blastocyst expansion, and the classification of inner cell mass(ICM) and the trophectoderm(TE). Results: The study shows that the birth weight of group A is significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P < 0.05). And the high quality embryo rate and blastocyst rate of group A are significantly higher than those of the other three groups (P < 0.05). What’s more, the clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and live birth rate of high grade blastocyst are higher, but there are no significant difference in abortion rate. The birth weight of the degree of blastocyst expansion in grade 3 and below is significantly lower than that of those with grade 3 and above (P < 0.05). The birth weight of grade A of ICM is significantly higher than that of grade B (P < 0.05). The birth weight of grade B of TE is significantly heavier than that of grade C (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results indicate that high grade blastocyst transplantation can achieve better pregnancy outcome. Different blastocyst grades affect birth weight, and low grade blastocyst transplantation is associated with a single birth weight loss.
Integration of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiles Identifies Potential Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Zheng Peiyan , Sun Shixue , Wang Jingxian , Cheng Zhangkai Jason , Lei Kuan Cheok , Xue Mingshan , Zhang Teng , Huang Huimin , Zhang Xiaohua Douglas , Sun Baoqing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by chronic progressive pulmonary fibrosis and a poor prognosis. Till now, no studies have been reported on revealing mechanisms and identifying biomarkers by integratively analyzing transcriptome and proteomes of IPF patients. Here we examined the landscape of IPF patients' gene expression in the transcription and translation phases and investigated the expression and functions of two new potential biomarkers. Differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs were mainly enriched in pathways of immune system activities and inflammatory responses, while DE proteins are associated with extracellular matrix production and wound repair. The upregulated genes in both phases are associated with wound repair and cell differentiation, while the downregulated genes in both phases are associated with reduced immune activities and the damage of the alveolar tissues. On this basis, we identified thirteen potential marker genes. Among them, we validated the expression changes of BTNL9 and PLLP and investigated their functional pathways in the IPF mechanism. Both genes are downregulated in the tissues of IPF patients and Bleomycin-induced mice, and co-expression analysis indicates that they have a protective effect by inhibiting extracellular matrix production and promoting wound repair in alveolar epithelial cells.
Robust Immersion and Invariance Adaptive Synchronization Control With Disturbance Observer for Maglev Module With Output Constraint
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Liu Xiangbin , Zhang Min 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Magnetic levitation module is the key component of maglev train that generates the electromagnet force to bear the weight of the vehicle cabin. In this paper, the mathematical model of the levitation module is built as a two-input and two-output coupled system whose state variables include the vertical linear motion and the rotational motion around the mass center, which fully considers the mechanical coupling and force interference. To alleviate the variation of the module, a framework of robust immersion and invariance (I&I) adaptive synchronization control with disturbance observer is presented for the levitation module. To deal with the bad effects of parametric uncertainties and external disturbances on the system performance, especially on system outputs, we introduce Barrier Lyapunov Function (BLF) into controller to keep the outputs in the prescribed constraints. The robust I&I adaptation law is used to shape the converging procedure of the estimate errors of the parametric uncertainties. An extended disturbance observer is developed to recover the mismatched disturbances of the maglev module simultaneously. The stability analysis shows that all the signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and output constraints are not violated as well. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by a numerical simulations at last.
A Systematic Review Protocol: Barriers and Facilitators of Breast Cancer Screening Among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Authors: Yakong Vida Nyagre , Afaya Agani , Alhassan Robert Kaba , Sang Somin , Mohammed Salia Solomon , Afaya Richard Adongo , Karim Jebuni Fuseini , Kuug Anthony , Selorm Daniels-Donkor Silas , Atakro Confidence Alorse , Akokre Renna , Adatara Peter , Ayanore Martin Amogre 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: According to statistics released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in December 2020, female breast cancer (BC) has overtaken lung cancer as the world's most commonly diagnosed cancer. It is estimated that by 2050 the prevalence rate of breast cancer in SSA will double. Breast cancer screening aims to reduce mortalities related to cancer, and morbidity associated with advanced stages of the disease, through early detection in asymptomatic women. This study aims to review and analyze empirical and grey literature on barriers and facilitators to breast cancer screening among women in SSA.Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) including Google scholar will be searched to identify published studies on barriers and facilitators to breast cancer screening from January 2010 to 2021. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of all the included studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018.Conclusion: We envisage that this review will adduce evidence on common barriers and facilitators to BC screening in SSA. Identifying these barriers and facilitators will help guide the initialization of effective interventions that will improve BC screening uptake among women in SSA. This review will also guide future research in developing, implementing, and evaluating appropriate interventions tailored towards increasing BC screening uptake.Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (OSF) registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/KY3PF