bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substance Use-Related Cognitive Decline in Families with Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease: A Cohort Study
Authors: Ramos Claudia , Villalba Camilo , García Jenny , Lanata Serggio , López Hugo , Aguillón David , Cordano Christian , Madrigal Lucía , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel C. , Lopera Francisco 
Published: December 2021

Background: Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the association between neurodegeneration and other substances has not been fully determined. It is of vital importance to evaluate this relationship in populations at high risk of dementia. Since substance use possibly modifies the progression rate of cognitive decline, we studied this association in a unique and well-phenotyped cohort from the University of Antioquia: carriers of the PSEN1-E280A genetic variant. Objective: To determine the association between substance use and cognitive decline in carriers of the PSEN1-E280A genetic variant. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 94 carriers and 69 noncarriers recruited between January 2019 and April 2020. A psychiatrist interviewed the participants using the Consumption of Alcohol, Cigarettes and other Substances questionnaire. The participants were also submitted to cognitive evaluation. The relationship between cognitive decline and substance use was explored through a mixed effects regression model. Results: There was an association between cigarettes and better performance on tasks related to perceptual organization, verbal fluency, and memory in carriers. Alcohol had a positive or negative effect on memory according to the type of alcoholic beverage. Results on marijuana use were no conclusive. Coffee was associated with progressive improvements in executive function and verbal fluency. Conclusion: Cigarette and alcohol were associated with an improvement of some cognitive assessments, possibly by a survival bias. In addition, coffee was related to improvements in executive function and language; therefore, its short-term neuroprotective potential should be studied.
Histopathological Analysis of Acinetobacter baumannii Lung Infection in a Mouse Model
Authors: TANSHO-NAGAKAWA SHIGERU , SATO YOSHINORI , UBAGAI TSUNEYUKI , KIKUCHI-UEDA TAKANE , KAMOSHIDA GO , NISHIDA SATOSHI , ONO YASUO 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii is the main causative pathogen of nosocomial infections that causes severe infections in the lungs. In this study, we analyzed the histopathological characteristics of lung infection with two strains of A. baumannii (ATCC 19606 and the clinical isolate TK1090) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO-1 in C3H/HeN mice to evaluate the virulence of A. baumannii. Survival was evaluated over 14 days. At 1, 2, 5, or 14 days postinfection, mice of C3H/HeN were sacrificed, and histopathological analysis of lung specimens was also performed. Histopathological changes and accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in the lungs after infection with A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa were analyzed. Following intratracheal inoculation, the lethality of ATCC 19606- and TK1090-infected mice was lower than that of PAO-1-infected mice. However, when mice were inoculated with a sub-lethal dose of A. baumannii, the lung bacterial burden remained in the mice until 14 days post-infection. Additionally, histopathological analysis revealed that macrophages infiltrated the lung foci of ATCC 19606-, TK1090-, and PAO-1-infected mice. Although neutrophils infiltrated the lung foci of ATCC 19606- and TK1090-infected mice, they poorly infiltrated the lung foci of PAO-1-infected mice. Accumulation of these cells in the lung foci of ATCC 19606- and TK1090-infected mice, but not PAO-1-infected mice, was observed for 14 days post-infection. These results suggest that A. baumannii is not completely eliminated despite the infiltration of immune cells in the lungs and that inflammation lasts for prolonged periods in the lungs. Further studies are required to understand the mechanism of A. baumannii infection, and novel drugs and vaccines should be developed to prevent A. baumannii infection.
Characteristics of the Cervicovaginal Microenvironment in Childbearing-Age Women with Different Degrees of Cervical Lesions and HR-HPV Positivity
Authors: ZHAI QINGZHI , ZHANG WEIYI , ZHANG ZHE , FU YURONG , LI YANG , WANG XUEQI , LI LI’AN , MENG YUANGUANG 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the most important determinate in the development of cervical cancer, and cervical microecology can modulate cervical viral infection. However, few studies have been conducted on the microecological analysis of cervical diseases using strict physiological factors. This study investigated the characteristics and dynamics of cervical microecology in childbearing-age Chinese women with different degrees of HR-HPV-positive cervical lesions. A total of 168 subjects were selected according to the selection criteria, including healthy HPV-negative individuals (n = 29), HR-HPV-infected individuals (n = 29), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion individuals (LSIL, n = 32), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion individuals (HSIL, n = 40), and cervical cancer individuals (n = 38). We sampled cervical secretions from each subject and performed comparative analysis using the 16S rRNA sequencing method. Comparison analysis showed that Lactobacillus and Ignatzschineria were the dominant genera in the healthy group, while Gardnerella and Prevotella were more enriched in the disease groups. Based on the taxa composition, we roughly divided the development of cervical cancer into two phases: phase I was from healthy status to HR-HPV infection and LSIL; phase II was from LSIL to HSIL and cervical cancer. Different interactions among different genera were observed in different groups. Prevotella inhibited the abundance of Lactobacillus in the healthy group, while Prevotella inhabited the abundance of Gardnerella in the other groups. In the HR-HPV infection group, Ignatzschineria and Enterococcus showed a positive interaction but dissociated with the increase in cervical lesions, which might eventually lead to a continuous decrease in the abundances of Lactobacillus and Ignatzschineria.
In vitro Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics on Apis cerana Gut Microbiota
Authors: LV MINGKUI , LEI QINGZHI , YIN HUAJUAN , HU TIANNIAN , WANG SIFAN , DONG KUN , PAN HONGBIN , LIU YIQIU , LIN QIUYE , CAO ZHENHUI 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate in vitro effects of the selected prebiotics alone, and in combination with two potential probiotic Lactobacillus strains on the microbial composition of Apis cerana gut microbiota and acid production. Four prebiotics, inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, xylo-oligosaccharides, and isomalto-oligosaccharides were chosen, and glucose served as the carbon source. Supplementation of this four prebiotics increased numbers of Bifidobacterium and lactic acid bacteria while decreasing the pH value of in vitro fermentation broth inoculated with A. cerana gut microbiota compared to glucose. Then, two potential probiotics derived from A. cerana gut at different dosages, Lactobacillus helveticus KM7 and Limosilactobacillus reuteri LP4 were added with isomalto-oligosaccharides in fermentation broth inoculated with A. cerana gut microbiota, respectively. The most pronounced impact was observed with isomalto-oligosaccharides. Compared to isomalto-oligosaccharides alone, the combination of isomalto-oligosaccharides with both lactobacilli strains induced the growth of Bifidobacterium, LAB, and total bacteria and reduced the proliferation of Enterococcus and fungi. Consistent with these results, the altered metabolic activity was observed as lowered pH in in vitro culture of gut microbiota supplemented with isomalto-oligosaccharides and lactobacilli strains. The symbiotic impact varied with the types and concentration of Lactobacillus strains and fermentation time. The more effective ability was observed with IMO combined with L. helveticus KM7. These results suggested that isomalto-oligosaccharides could be a potential prebiotic and symbiotic with certain lactobacilli strains on A. cerana gut microbiota.
Conversación con Elena de la Aldea: reflexiones acerca del cuidado y la subjetividad heroica
Authors: Rígoli Analía , De la Aldea Elena , Cerini Lucrecia , Cordero Mariela 
Published: December 2021

El tema del cuidado ha sido un campo de interés creciente y actualmente a partir de la situación sanitaria por la pandemia de COVID-19. Un aspecto a considerar que resulta relevante en estos contextos es el de cuidar al que cuida, una de las dimensiones que se aborda haciendo hincapié en la problematización del concepto de subjetividad heroica, como así también algunas herramientas para pensar el autocuidado.
En estas conversaciones Elena de la Aldea, una informante clave en el tema, nos aporta problematizaciones enriquecedoras y fundamentales para pensar el autocuidado en profesionales que trabajan en constante vinculación con el sufrimiento o vulnerabilidad de determinadas poblaciones, con un testimonio de experiencia profesional de más de 50 años.
Elena de la Aldea es Licenciada en Psicología por la Universidad de Buenos Aires y Licenciada Complementaria en Psicología (Maestría) por la Universidad Católica de Lovaina, Bélgica, donde además cursó su Doctorado. Es Analista de Grupo por la Asociación Mexicana de Psicoterapia Analítica de Grupo de México. Es docente de grado y posgrado en diversas universidades en diversos países. Autora de numerosos escritos en relación a lo comunitario, al trabajo en equipo, al cuidar al que cuida, a la subjetividad heroica, y los cuidados.
Maksim Perbualan dan Elemen Pendidikan dalam Podcast #NOTAPIS
Authors: Zahid Indirawati 
Published: December 2021

Maksim perbualan (MP) yang diusulkan oleh Grice (1975) bertujuan memastikan sesuatu komunikasi dapat berlangsung dengan lancar apabila MP dipatuhi. Ini tidak berlaku dalam realiti dan dibuktikan dalam podcast #NoTapis (#NoTapis, 2020). #NoTapis ialah satu temu bual dengan seorang doktor berkaitan COVID-19. Analisis ini mengaplikasikan metod kualitatif - muat turun, transkripi dan analisis teks. Analisis ini mempunyai dua objektif, iaitu pertamanya, mengenal pasti kepatuhan dan ketidakpatuhan MP; dan keduanya membincangkan faktor kepatuhan MP dan korelasinya dengan elemen pendidikan, iaitu domain kognitif dan afektif dalam taksonomi Bloom (1956). Objektif ini bertitik tolak daripada pandangan Gary (2020) bahawa terdapat kandungan podcast yang bersifat mendidik. Kepatuhan MP didapati berkorelasi dengan domain kognitif dan afektif. Korelasi pada domain kognitif berlaku pada semua aras kecuali aras 5 manakala bagi domain afektif, korelasi berlaku pada semua aras. Pematuhan MP didapati sentiasa berkorelasi dengan aras paling rendah kepada aras yang lebih tinggi. Ini bertepatan dengan penyataan bahawa pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) merupakan satu proses. Dalam konteks podcast ini, doktor berperanan sebagai “guru” manakala pendengar podcast merupakan “pelajar
The Effect of Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage and Company Size on Sukuk Yield With The Rating of Sukuk as Intervening Variables
Authors: Syakdiyah Karimatus , Putra Purnama 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to test whether profitability, liquidity, leverage, and company size affect the yield of Sukuk with the Sukuk rating as an intervening variable. The method chosen to conduct this research is a quantitative method in which the data is processed using path analysis The data used in this research is secondary data. The sample used is 12 companies for the period 2012-2017. Findings. The results of this study can be concluded that partially profitability has a significant positive effect, liquidity has a significant negative effect, leverage has no effect and is not significant, company size has a significant positive effect on the sukuk rating. While profitability has a significant negative effect, liquidity has no and insignificant effect, leverage has a significant negative effect, company size has no and insignificant effect, sukuk rating has no and insignificant effect on sukuk yield. The sukuk rating cannot mediate the profitability and leverage variables on the sukuk yield. However, the sukuk rating can mediate the liquidity variable and company size on the sukuk yield.
Microhomology-Mediated Nonhomologous End Joining Caused Rearrangement of EMD and FLNA in Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Song Danyu , Li Xiaomei , Wei Wei , Liu Xueqin , Wu Lin , Xiong Hui 
Published: December 2021

Background: Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a rare disease characterized by early joint contractures, slowly progressive muscular dystrophy, and cardiac involvement, which includes arrhythmia, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and sudden death.Methods: Clinical data of the proband and family members were collected. The next-generation sequencing technology was used to analyze the pathogenic variants and copy number variations. Polymerase chain reaction was used to sequence the breakpoints of gene locus rearrangements.Results: Here, we report two siblings with EDMD in a family. The proband, a 17-year-old boy, manifested a dilated right heart, bradycardia, mild muscle weakness, and joint contractures. His younger brother only showed a mild bowing limitation with elevated creatine kinase. Next-generation sequencing revealed the complete deletion of EMD and a rearrangement in FLNA (exon29_48dup) in these two patients. The EMD deletion and partial FLNA duplication were accompanied by a 5 bp overlap (GTCCC) on the background of the FLNA-EMD inversion. These findings support the pathogenic mechanism of microhomology-mediated nonhomologous end joining.Conclusion: We report two siblings with complete EMD deletion and FLNA duplication in a family. A microhomology-mediated nonhomologous end joining event involving EMD and FLNA acts as the underlying mechanism.
Positive LGI1 Antibodies in CSF and Relapse Relate to Worse Outcome in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis
Authors: Cui Li-li , Boltze Johannes , Zhang Yan 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThis single-center study was conducted in a cohort of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis to investigate the factors related to their functional recovery.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the clinical information of patients admitted to Xuanwu Hospital from January 2014 until December 2019, and followed up for at least 12 months.ResultsA total of 67 patients were included, and 57 completed the 12-month follow-up. Most of the patients (55/57, 96.5%) achieved functional improvement after immunotherapy, and 26 (45.6%) became symptom-free. Compared to patients with complete recovery, patients with partial or no recovery had significantly higher incidences of consciousness disorders (25.8% vs. 0%, P&lt;0.05) and positive LGI1 antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (71.0% vs. 46.2%, P&lt;0.05). These patients also had a lower Barthel Index both upon admission and at discharge, as well as a higher incidence of relapse (25.8% vs. 3.8%; P&lt;0.05 each). Univariate logistic regression showed that positive LGI1 antibodies in CSF and relapse were associated with incomplete recovery at 1-year follow-up (both P&lt;0.05), but only relapse remained statistically significant after multivariate logistic regression (P=0.034).ConclusionPatients with LGI1 antibodies in CSF and those who relapsed were more likely to experience worse outcome. Early recognition of these patients, combined with more aggressive immunotherapy may result in better recovery.
Glymphatic Drainage Blocking Aggravates Brain Edema, Neuroinflammation via Modulating TNF-α, IL-10, and AQP4 After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats
Authors: Liu Xichang , Wu Gang , Tang Na , Li Li , Liu Cuimin , Wang Feng , Ke Shaofa 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The “Glymphatic” system, a network of perivascular tunnels wrapped by astrocyte endfeet, was reported to be closely associated with the diseases of the central nervous system. Here, we investigated the role of the glymphatic system in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and its protective mechanism.Method: Experimental ICH model was induced by type IV collagenase in rats. Cerebral lymphatic blockage was induced by ligation and removal of cervical lymph nodes. The experimental rats were divided into sham-operated (SO) group, ICH group, and cerebral lymphatic blocking and ICH (ICH + CLB) group. Neurological scores were measured using the Garcia scoring system on the third and seventh day after ICH. Active caspase-3 was immunostained to evaluate neuronal apoptosis. Brain water content was calculated using the dry-wet specific gravity method. The expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 were detected using ELISA. Aquaporins-4 (AQP-4) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected using western blot analysis.Results: The neurological scores of rats in the CLB + ICH group were significantly lower than those in the in ICH group. The number of active caspase-3 neurons was significantly higher in the CLB + ICH group compared to the ICH group. CLB significantly aggravated ICH-induced brain edema 3 d after ICH. There was an increase in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, AQP-4, GFAP after ICH. The expression of TNF-α was significantly higher in the CLB + ICH group compared to ICH group 3 d after ICH while there was no difference 7 d after ICH. There was no statistical difference in the expression of IL-1β between the ICH group and CLB + ICH group. However, the expression of IL-10 in the CLB + ICH group was significantly lower than that in the ICH group. Lastly, AQP-4 expression was significantly lower in the CLB + ICH group compared to the ICH group while the expression of GFAP was higher in the CLB + ICH group compared to the ICH group.Conclusion: CLB exacerbated cerebral edema, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis and caused neurological deficits in rats with ICH via down-regulating AQP-4, up-regulating inflammatory TNF-α and inhibiting IL-10 expression. The glymphatic drainage system protects against neurologic injury after ICH induction in rats under normal physiological conditions.
Genome-Wide Association Study of 2,093 Cases With Idiopathic Polyneuropathy and 445,256 Controls Identifies First Susceptibility Loci
Authors: Winsvold Bendik S. , Kitsos Ioannis , Thomas Laurent F. , Skogholt Anne Heidi , Gabrielsen Maiken E. , Zwart John-Anker , Nilsen Kristian Bernhard 
Published: December 2021

Background: About one third of patients with chronic polyneuropathy have no obvious underlying etiology and are classified as having idiopathic polyneuropathy. The lack of knowledge about pathomechanisms and predisposing factors limits the development of effective prevention and treatment for these patients. We report the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of idiopathic polyneuropathy.Methods: Cases with idiopathic polyneuropathy and healthy controls were identified by linkage to hospital records. We performed genome-wide association studies using genetic data from two large population-based health studies, the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT, 1,147 cases and 62,204 controls) and UK Biobank (UKB, 946 cases and 383,052 controls). In a two-stage analysis design, we first treated HUNT as a discovery cohort and UK Biobank as a replication cohort. Secondly, we combined the two studies in a meta-analysis. Downstream analyses included genetic correlation to other traits and diseases. We specifically examined previously reported risk loci, and genes known to cause hereditary polyneuropathy.Results: No replicable risk loci were identified in the discovery-replication stage, in line with the limited predicted power of this approach. When combined in a meta-analysis, two independent loci reached statistical significance (rs7294354 in B4GALNT3, P-value 4.51 × 10−8) and (rs147738081 near NR5A2, P-value 4.75 × 10−8). Idiopathic polyneuropathy genetically correlated with several anthropometric measures, most pronounced for height, and with several pain-related traits.Conclusions: In this first GWAS of idiopathic polyneuropathy we identify two risk-loci that indicate possible pathogenetic mechanisms. Future collaborative efforts are needed to replicate and expand on these findings.
Preoperative Chronic Pain as a Risk Factor for Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Joint Replacement Surgery: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Huai Xiaorong , Jiao Yingfu , Gu Xiyao , Zhu Huichen , Chen Lingke , Fan Yichen , Yu Weifeng , Su Diansan , Xie Hong 
Published: December 2021

Background: Although major joint replacement surgery has a high overall success rate, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication after anesthesia and surgery, increasing morbidity and mortality. Identifying POCD risk factors would be helpful to prevent and decrease the occurrence of POCD. We hypothesized that preoperative chronic pain increases the risk of POCD.Methods: A single-center, observational, prospective cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to March 2020. All consecutive elderly patients (&gt;65 years) who underwent elective total hip arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty with general anesthesia by the same surgeon were enrolled. The patients underwent neuropsychological testing preoperatively and at 7 days and 2 months after surgery. To determine POCD, a nonsurgical control group was recruited from the general community.Results: Of the 141 patients who finished the neuropsychological testing 7 days after surgery, 61 (43.2%) had preoperative chronic pain. Of the 61 patients, 17 (27.9%) developed POCD; of the 79 patients with no chronic pain, 10 (12.7%) had developed POCD by 7 days after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified preoperative chronic pain as a risk factor of POCD assessed 7 days after surgery (odds ratio 6.527; P = 0.009). There was no significant difference in the POCD incidence 2 months after surgery between patients with and without preoperative chronic pain.Conclusion: Preoperative chronic pain was a risk factor of developing POCD within 7 days after surgery in elderly patients following hip joint replacement surgery.Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03393676].