bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pilot study comparing dural puncture epidural with 27G Whitacre needle and conventional lumbar epidural labor analgesia
Authors: Jadon Ashok , Srivastawa Surabhi , Sinha Neelam , Chakraborty Swastika , Bakshi Apoorva , Singh Bhupendra 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The dural puncture epidural (DPE) technique is relatively a new technique of labor analgesia and has been advocated with the advantage of faster onset of pain relief. However, there are differences of opinion regarding the efficacy of the DPE technique and the size of the spinal needle to be used for the DPE. Various studies have suggested that DPE can only be done with a larger gauge of a spinal needle; however, recent studies have variable observations. We have compared the conventional lumbar epidural analgesia and DPE using a 27G pencil-point needle to assess the efficacy of DPE and its possible side effects.

Results
The time to achieve a 50% reduction in VAS was 7.06 ± 0.79 min in group CLE (n = 15) and 5.0 ± 1.06 min in group DPE (n = 15) (difference of two means was 2.06, 95% CI [1.36, 2.75], t = 5.99, p < 0.0001). The time to achieve VAS < 3 in group CLE was 14.93 ± 1.98 min, and in the group DPE, it was 10.13 ± 1.45 min (difference of two means was 4.8, 95% CI [3.52, 6.09], t = 7.55, p < 0.0001). The mode of delivery, APGAR scores, and side effects were comparable (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
DPE provided faster relief of labor pain than the conventional labor epidural analgesia. There were no added side effects by DPE in conventional lumbar epidural analgesia for labor. A 27G Whitacre pencil-point needle can be used for DPE.

Trial registration
CTRI, CTRI/2020/08/027060. Registered on 10/08/2020. Trial registered prospectively. CTRI website URL: http://ctri.nic.in
East African quintessential plants claimed to be used as blood purifiers, cleansers, detoxifiers and tonics: an appraisal of ethnobotanical reports and correlation with reported bioactivities
Authors: Omara Timothy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundBlood cleansing, purification, detoxification or strengthening is an ancient folkloric East African practice without any validated scientific underpinnings. This study was undertaken to retrieve ethnobotanical information and reported bioactivities of plants claimed to be blood purifiers, cleansers, detoxifiers and tonics in Eastern Africa and correlate their claimed use with scientific studies to find out whether there is any justification for their use in this ancient practice.MethodAn elaborate review was performed in electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, Wiley Online Library, Taylor & Francis Online, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science) and the Google search engine to retrieve information on ethnomedicinal plants used in East Africa in blood purification, detoxification, cleansing or strengthening and their investigated bioactivities related to their use in this traditional practice.ResultsThe search retrieved 74 plant species from 45 families distributed among 66 genera with some documented bioactivities, though, with little correlation with their traditional utilization in blood purification, cleansing, detoxification and strengthening. Some justification of the link between blood purification, cleansing, detoxification and strengthening and the use of the plants as antiplatelet aggregation, vasorelaxant, bronchodilatory, antihyperlipidaemic, cardioprotective, antiatherosclerotic and immunomodulatory agents were evident, but majorly antimicrobial activity has been investigated in most species. Thus, only 15 (20.2%) of the plant species (Allium sativum,Moringa oleifera,Olea capensis,Clausena anisata,Centella asiatica,Nasturtium officinale,Solanum nigrum,Withania somnifera,Rubus apetalus,Delonix elata,Persia americana,Aloe vera,Azadirachta indica,Echinacea angustifoliaandDioscorea bulbifera) could be directly correlated with studies pertaining to blood health.ConclusionMedicinal plants used in blood purification, cleansing, detoxification and strengthening in East Africa play a holistic role in rejuvenation of overall human health. Few studies have examined their bioactivities pertaining to blood health. Thus, bioactivities and pharmacological activities (such as blood thinning, hypolipemic, cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, tonic and renoprotective properties) and phytochemicals of the claimed plants warrant further research as these could lead to discovery of chemical scaffolds of lead compounds that can be used in modern blood purification.
Blood pressure, body mass index lowering and ketogenesis in Qigong Bigu
Authors: Hong Bin , Luo Runqi , Cao Dezhi , Zhang Man , Fang Kewei , Guo Jianhong , Liao Jianxiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Hypertension is one of the most common comorbid conditions of epilepsy. Hypertension and epilepsy may be related to each other. Qigong Bigu practice induces a similar effect as fasting in the first week. As ketogenesis is induced during ketogenic diet therapy, we hypothesize that ketogenesis is detectable and related body weight loss would occur during the first week of Qigong Bigu practice.

Methods
During the prospective observational study, 34 healthy adult participants attended the Qigong Bigu practice for one week. The blood pressure, body weight, calorie consumption, blood glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate level were measured.

Results
The body weight and body mass index decreased by 2.39 ± 1.34 kg (95%CI 1.92–2.85) and 0.94 ± 0.57 (95%CI 0.73–1.15), respectively, after five days of practice (P < 0.001). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased by 17.86 ± 14.17 mmHg (95%CI 12.36–23.35) and 9.75 ± 7.45 mmHg (95%CI 6.86–12.64), respectively (P < 0.001). The average five-day calorie consumption was 1197.47 ± 569.97 kcal (95%CI 998.60–1396.35). Meanwhile, no symptomatic hypoglycemia or other significant side effects were observed. The blood beta-hydroxybutyrate level increased to a nutritional level of 1.15 ± 1.12 mmol/L (95%CI 0.76–1.62). The calorie consumption negatively correlated to the beta-hydroxybutyrate level in the blood. The loss of body weight and the decrease of body mass index were positively correlated to the blood beta-hydroxybutyrate level.

Conclusions
Qigong Bigu can decrease the blood pressure, the body weight and the body mass index in healthy adult participants. The fasting stage of Qigong Bigu is accompanied by ketogenesis. Clinical trial of Qigong Bigu in hypertension and epilepsy patients might be worthwhile. The blood beta-hydroxybutyrate might be used as a biomarker to evaluate the effect of Qigong Bigu practice during fasting.

Trial registration
ChiCTR1800016923.
Modified FOLFIRINOX Versus CISGEM Chemotherapy for Patients With Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer (PRODIGE 38 AMEBICA): A Randomized Phase II Study
Authors: Phelip Jean marc , Desrame Jérôme , Edeline Julien , Barbier Emilie , Terrebonne Eric , Michel Pierre , Perrier Hervé , Dahan Laetitia , Bourgeois Vincent , Akouz Faiza Khemissa , Soularue Emilie , Ly Valérie Lebrun , Molin Yann , Lecomte Thierry , Ghiringhelli François , Coriat Romain , Louafi Samy , Neuzillet Cindy , Manfredi Sylvain , Malka David ,   for the PRODIGE 38 AMEBICA Investigators/Collaborators
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE Whether triplet chemotherapy is superior to doublet chemotherapy in advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) is unknown. METHODS In this open-label, randomized phase II-III study, patients with locally advanced or metastatic BTC and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and infusional fluorouracil (mFOLFIRINOX), or cisplatin and gemcitabine (CISGEM) for a maximum of 6 months. We report the results of the phase II part, where the primary end point was the 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate among the patients who received at least one dose of treatment (modified intention-to-treat population) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (statistical assumptions: 6-month PFS rate ≥ 59%, 73% expected). RESULTS A total of 191 patients (modified intention-to-treat population, 185: mFOLFIRINOX, 92; CISGEM, 93) were randomly assigned in 43 French centers. After a median follow-up of 21 months, the 6-month PFS rate was 44.6% (90% CI, 35.7 to 53.7) in the mFOLFIRINOX arm and 47.3% (90% CI, 38.4 to 56.3) in the CISGEM arm. Median PFS was 6.2 months (95% CI, 5.5 to 7.8) in the mFOLFIRINOX arm and 7.4 months (95% CI, 5.6 to 8.7) in the CISGEM arm. Median overall survival was 11.7 months (95% CI, 9.5 to 14.2) in the mFOLFIRINOX arm and 13.8 months (95% CI, 10.9 to 16.1) in the CISGEM arm. Adverse events ≥ grade 3 occurred in 72.8% of patients in the mFOLFIRINOX arm and 72.0% of patients in the CISGEM arm (toxic deaths: mFOLFIRINOX arm, two; CISGEM arm, one). CONCLUSION mFOLFIRINOX triplet chemotherapy did not meet the primary study end point. CISGEM doublet chemotherapy remains the first-line standard in advanced BTC.
KLF17 promotes human naïve pluripotency but is not required for its establishment
Authors: Lea Rebecca A. , McCarthy Afshan , Boeing Stefan , Fallesen Todd , Elder Kay , Snell Phil , Christie Leila , Adkins Sarah , Shaikly Valerie , Taranissi Mohamed , Niakan Kathy K. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Current knowledge of the transcriptional regulation of human pluripotency is incomplete, with lack of interspecies conservation observed. Single-cell transcriptomics analysis of human embryos previously enabled us to identify transcription factors, including the zinc-finger protein KLF17, that are enriched in the human epiblast and naïve human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Here, we show that KLF17 is expressed coincident with the known pluripotency-associated factors NANOG and SOX2 across human blastocyst development. We investigate the function of KLF17 using primed and naïve hESCs for gain- and loss-of-function analyses. We find that ectopic expression of KLF17 in primed hESCs is sufficient to induce a naïve-like transcriptome and that KLF17 can drive transgene-mediated resetting to naïve pluripotency. This implies a role for KLF17 in establishing naïve pluripotency. However, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout studies reveal that KLF17 is not required for naïve pluripotency acquisition in vitro. Transcriptome analysis of naïve hESCs identifies subtle effects on metabolism and signalling pathways following KLF17 loss of function, and possible redundancy with other KLF paralogues. Overall, we show that KLF17 is sufficient, but not necessary, for naïve pluripotency under the given in vitro conditions.
His domain protein tyrosine phosphatase and Rabaptin-5 couple endo-lysosomal sorting of EGFR with endosomal maturation
Authors: Parkinson Gabrielle , Roboti Peristera , Zhang Ling , Taylor Sandra , Woodman Philip 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
His domain protein tyrosine phosphatase (HD-PTP; also known as PTPN23) collaborates with endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) to sort endosomal cargo into intralumenal vesicles, forming the multivesicular body (MVB). Completion of MVB sorting is accompanied by maturation of the endosome into a late endosome, an event that requires inactivation of the early endosomal GTPase Rab5 (herein referring to generically to all isoforms). Here, we show that HD-PTP links ESCRT function with endosomal maturation. HD-PTP depletion prevents MVB sorting, while also blocking cargo from exiting Rab5-rich endosomes. HD-PTP-depleted cells contain hyperphosphorylated Rabaptin-5 (also known as RABEP1), a cofactor for the Rab5 guanine nucleotide exchange factor Rabex-5 (also known as RABGEF1), although HD-PTP is unlikely to directly dephosphorylate Rabaptin-5. In addition, HD-PTP-depleted cells exhibit Rabaptin-5-dependent hyperactivation of Rab5. HD-PTP binds directly to Rabaptin-5, between its Rabex-5- and Rab5-binding domains. This binding reaction involves the ESCRT-0/ESCRT-III binding site in HD-PTP, which is competed for by an ESCRT-III peptide. Jointly, these findings indicate that HD-PTP may alternatively scaffold ESCRTs and modulate Rabex-5–Rabaptin-5 activity, thereby helping to coordinate the completion of MVB sorting with endosomal maturation.
Increased cellular detoxification, cytoskeletal activities and protein transport explain physiological stress in a lagoon sponge
Authors: Beepat Sandeep S. , Davy Simon K. , Oakley Clinton A. , Mashini Amirhossein , Peng Lifeng , Bell James J. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Tropical lagoon-inhabiting organisms live in highly irradiated ecosystems and are particularly susceptible to thermal stress resulting from climate change. However, despite living close to their thermal maxima, stress response mechanisms found in these organisms are poorly understood. We used a novel physiological–proteomic approach for sponges to describe the stress response mechanisms of the lagoon-inhabiting sponge Amphimedon navalis, when exposed to elevated seawater temperatures of +2°C and +4°C relative to a 26°C ambient temperature for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of thermal exposure, the buoyant weight of the sponge experienced a significant decline, while its pumping rates and oxygen consumption rates significantly increased. Proteome dynamics revealed 50 differentially abundant proteins in sponges exposed to elevated temperature, suggesting that shifts in the sponge proteome were potential drivers of physiological dysfunction. Thermal stress promoted an increase in detoxification proteins, such as catalase, suggesting that an excess of reactive oxygen species in sponge cells was responsible for the significant increase in oxygen consumption. Elevated temperature also disrupted cellular growth and cell proliferation, promoting the loss of sponge biomass, and the high abundance of multiple α-tubulin chain proteins also indicated an increase in cytoskeletal activities within sponge cells, which may have induced the increase in sponge pumping rate. Our results show that sustained thermal exposure in susceptible lagoonal sponges may induce significant disruption of cellular homeostasis, leading to physiological dysfunction, and that a combined physiological–proteomic approach may provide new insights into physiological functions and cellular processes occurring in sponges.
“Black ring-shaped burn” in button battery ingestion is not a burn — Comparison with charring using spectral CT
Authors: Shinkawa Norihiro , Meiri Takayuki , Kakizaki Eiji , Sonoda Ai , Yukawa Nobuhiro 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: To compare “black ring-shaped burn” (BRSB) and charring using spectral computed tomography (CT). Methods: Spectral CT was performed using chicken pectoralis minor muscle, processed in three ways and unprocessed as a control: a) BRSB generated by bringing the negative pole surface of a 3 V button battery (BB) into contact with the muscle; b) BRSB caused by a 1.5 V BB; c) charring caused by broiling; and d) control. Attenuation values were compared between BRSB and charring. Muscles were formalin-fixed and stained with Perls’ Prussian blue. Results: Attenuation values from polychromatic 120-kVp images were significantly higher for BRSBs than for charring. In the spectral Hounsfield unit curve, attenuation values for BRSBs were higher for lower energy. Histopathologically, BRSBs stained positively with Perls’ Prussian blue. Conclusions: This study using spectral CT revealed that BRSB contains metal and confirmed the presence of Fe3+ histopathologically. BRSB differs from charring due to burns. Advances in knowledge: The exact composition of BRSB remains unclear, but this report is the first to show that BRSB differs from charring using spectral CT. Clarification of the composition of BRSB is expected to facilitate the development of more effective BRSB removal therapy.
The effect on tumour control probability of using AXB algorithm in replacement of AAA for SBRT of hepatocellular carcinoma located at lung–liver boundary region
Authors: Cheung Michael Lok Man , Kan Monica WK , Yeung Vanessa TY , Poon Darren MC , Kam Michael KM , Lee Louis KY , Chan Anthony TC 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical impact on stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located at lung–liver boundary due to the use of Acuros XB algorithm (AXB) in replacement of anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA). Methods: 23 SBRT volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for HCC located at lung–liver boundary were calculated using AAA and AXB respectively with the same treatment parameters. The dose–volume data of the planned target volumes (PTVs) were compared. A published tumour control probability (TCP) model was used to calculate the effect of dosimetric difference between AAA and AXB on tumour control probability. Results: For dose calculated by AXB (Dose to medium), the D95% and D98% of the PTV were on average 2.4 and 3.1% less than that calculated by AAA. For dose calculated by AXB (dose to water), the D95% and D98% of the PTV were on average 1.8%, and 2.7% less than that calculated by AAA. Up to 5% difference in D95% and 8% difference in D98% were observed in the worst cases. The significant decrease in D95% calculated by AXB compared to AAA could result in a % decrease in 2 year TCP up to 8% in the worst case (from 46.8 to 42.9%). Conclusion: The difference in dose calculated by AAA and AXB could lead to significant difference in TCP for HCC SBRT located at lung–liver boundary region. Advances in knowledge: The difference in calculated dose and tumour control probability for HCC SBRT between AAA and AXB algorithm at lung–liver boundary region was compared.
„Polska bibliografia filozoficzna” – ważny etap w działalności naukowej ks. Idzi Radziszewskiego
Authors: Matczuk Alicja 
Published: October 2021

Działalność bibliograficzna ks. Idziego Radziszewskiego stanowiła ważny etap w jego naukowej biografii. W latach 1905–1906 opublikował on na łamach „Przeglądu Filozoficznego” „Polską Bibliografię Filozoficzną” w układzie według klasyfikacji dziesiętnej. Podejmując tego typu pracę, chciał Radziszewski wydobyć z zapomnienia polski dorobek w dziedzinie filozofii i przybliżyć go światu naukowemu za granicą. Pierwowzorem dla jego przedsięwzięcia stała się międzynarodowa bieżąca bibliografia filozoficzna wydawana przez Wyższy Instytutu Filozoficzny w Lowanium, z którą miał okazję zapoznać się podczas swojego pobytu w Belgii. W historii filozofii i bibliografii polskiej praca I. Radziszewskiego stanowi pierwszą próbę bieżącej rejestracji polskiej produkcji filozoficznej. Po raz pierwszy też na gruncie polskim przy sporządzaniu spisu bibliograficznego zastosowana została klasyfikacja dziesiętna.
Początki reformacji w Kurowie na Lubelszczyźnie: „heretyckie” lektury i pierwsi zwolennicy protestantyzmu
Authors: Chachaj Marian 
Published: October 2021

Beginnings of Reformation in Kurów in the Lublin Province: “heretic” readings and First Followers of Protestantism
On the basis of excerpts of distinguished historian Stanisław Kot, deposited in the library of the Jagiellonian University, the author reconstructs the contents of a silva rerum of the Zbąski family from the Lublin Province. The silva rerum itself was destroyed during World War II, yet the remaining notes enable us to reconstruct many facets of the Zbąski family’s life in sixteenth-century Lublin Province, including the inventory of books kept by this noble family in their library in 1547. The author believes that this collection was the property of Abraham (Abram) Zbąski, son of the Lublin Castellan Stanisław (d. 1553). Abraham was studying in Wittenberg in 1544 and sympathized with Lutherans, a sentiment which finds its expression in the inventory. In 1553, the Knurów Catholic church was turned into a Protestant temple, but the local active Protestants were prosecuted by the Kraków diocese bishop, Andrzej Zebrzydowski. In the later Protestant historiography, one of them – vicar Mikołaj (Nicholas) – is named and considered a martyr of the Protestant case.
Wiara a sympatie polityczne Albrychta Stanisława Radziwiłła
Authors: Stroynowski Andrzej 
Published: October 2021

Faith and Political Sympathies of Abrycht (Albert) Stanisław Radziwiłł
In his distinctly private opinions, Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł evaluated people according to their religious preferences. He took a similar approach when looking at distant international policy. This attitude changed when his close relatives or political issues of interest were at hand. In such a situation, pride for relatives’ achievements and successes took precedence regardless of religious affiliation. The same criteria were applied to foreign policy of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, always prioritizing the state and its security. Religious considerations vanished. He also applied this approach to personal matters, supporting the advance of Protestants when the interests of the state were at stake. However, at the same time he did not ignore the Catholic Church and its commandments.
Malseating of modular dual mobility liners
Authors: Guntin Jonathan , Plummer Darren , Della Valle Craig , DeBenedetti Anne , Nam Denis 
Published: October 2021

Aims Prior studies have identified that malseating of a modular dual mobility liner can occur, with previous reported incidences between 5.8% and 16.4%. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of malseating in dual mobility implants at our institution, assess for risk factors for liner malseating, and investigate whether liner malseating has any impact on clinical outcomes after surgery. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the radiographs of 239 primary and revision total hip arthroplasties with a modular dual mobility liner. Two independent reviewers assessed radiographs for each patient twice for evidence of malseating, with a third observer acting as a tiebreaker. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine risk factors for malseating with Youden’s index used to identify cut-off points. Cohen’s kappa test was used to measure interobserver and intraobserver reliability. Results In all, 12 liners (5.0%), including eight Stryker (6.8%) and four Zimmer Biomet (3.3%), had radiological evidence of malseating. Interobserver reliability was found to be 0.453 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26 to 0.64), suggesting weak inter-rater agreement, with strong agreement being greater than 0.8. We found component size of 50 mm or less to be associated with liner malseating on univariate analysis (p = 0.031). Patients with malseated liners appeared to have no associated clinical consequences, and none required revision surgery at a mean of 14 months (1.4 to 99.2) postoperatively. Conclusion The incidence of liner malseating was 5.0%, which is similar to other reports. Component size of 50 mm or smaller was identified as a risk factor for malseating. Surgeons should be aware that malseating can occur and implant design changes or changes in instrumentation should be considered to lower the risk of malseating. Although further follow-up is needed, it remains to be seen if malseating is associated with any clinical consequences. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(10):858–864.