bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of platelet use evaluated in EHR networks of the Biologics Effectiveness and Safety Initiative, 2012–2018
Authors: Villa Carlos H. , Biondich Paul , Draper Nicole L. , Dores Graça M. , Storch Emily , Chada Kinnera , Wong Hui‐Lee , Whitaker Barbee , Obidi Joyce , Vossoughi Sarah , Soares Andrey , Schilling Lisa M. , Natarajan Karthik , Goodman Michael , Purkayastha Saptarshi , Zucker Rachel , Falconer Thomas , Williams Nerissa , Reich Christian , Anderson Steven , Shoaibi Azadeh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundU.S. FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) Biologics Effectiveness and Safety (BEST) Initiative leverages large electronic health records and administrative claims data to conduct active surveillance for CBER‐regulated products. Improved hemovigilance of platelet transfusions provides exposure data for future outcome studies and can identify opportunities to improve management of the limited platelet supply.MethodsPlatelet utilization in three hospital networks (2012–2018) is summarized from data obtained using Information Standard for Blood and Transplant (ISBT) 128 platelet codes. Transfusion episodes, the number of units transfused, and component characteristics are described.ResultsMost platelet‐transfused patients (range 59.6%–62.2% across study years for all sites) received platelets once per year and used a small proportion of the total platelets transfused per year (range 18.4%–22.5%). In contrast, a minority of patients were transfused 12 or more times in a given study year (range 4.4%–6.3%) and used a plurality of transfused platelets (range 32.2%–44.4%) per year. The overall ratio of platelets transfused to the number of patients receiving any platelet transfusion was stable over the study period (range 3.9–4.5 platelets/patient) and similar among participating data sources. For all data sources, most transfusion episodes (78%) involved one component per transfusion episode.ConclusionISBT 128 coding in the BEST Initiative was used to capture platelet transfusion events, component modifications, and characterize aspects of platelet use patterns. These data can be leveraged to identify opportunities for improved management of the platelet supply and provide granular exposure information for future studies of transfusion‐related adverse events.
Non‐ionotropic NMDAR signalling activates Panx1 to induce P2X4R‐dependent long‐term depression in the hippocampus
Authors: Nielsen Allison C. , Anderson Connor L. , Ens Carina , Boyce Andrew K. J. , Thompson Roger J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn recent years, evidence supporting non‐ionotropic signalling by the NMDA receptor (niNMDAR) has emerged, including roles in long‐term depression (LTD). Here, we investigated whether niNMDAR‐pannexin‐1 (Panx1) contributes to LTD at the CA3–CA1 hippocampal synapse. Using whole‐cell, patch clamp electrophysiology in rat hippocampal slices, we show that a low‐frequency stimulation (3 Hz) of the Schaffer collaterals produces LTD that is blocked by continuous but not transient application of the NMDAR competitive antagonist, MK‐801. After transient MK‐801, LTD involved pannexin‐1 and sarcoma (Src) kinase. We show that pannexin‐1 is not permeable to Ca2+, but probably releases ATP to induce LTD via P2X4 purinergic receptors because LTD after transient MK‐801 application was prevented by 5‐BDBD. Thus, we conclude that niNMDAR activation of Panx1 can link glutamatergic and purinergic pathways to produce LTD following low frequency synaptic stimulation when NMDARs are transiently inhibited.
imageKey points
Differential effect of short‐term D‐APV and MK‐801 application on long‐term depression (LTD) suggests that the NMDA receptor (niNMDAR) contributes to later phases of synaptic depression.
niNMDAR LTD involved sarcoma (Src) kinase and pannexin‐1 (Panx1), which is a pathway previously identified to be active during excitotoxicity.
Panx1 was not calcium permeable but may contribute to late phase LTD via ATP release. Panx1 blockers prevent LTD, and this was rescued with exogenous ATP application. Inhibition of LTD with 5‐BDBD suggests the downstream involvement of postsynaptic P2X4 receptors.
Management of refractured mandibular condyle after open reduction and internal fixation
Authors: Khandelwal Garima , Yadav Rahul , Puthukkudiyil Jithin Sasikumar 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the present case is to highlight the surgical management of the refractured condylar segment of the mandible after open reduction and internal fixation. A man in his 20s reported to the department with an alleged history of road traffic injury (RTI). He was diagnosed with a fracture of the right parasymphysis and left subcondylar region of the mandible. He was managed surgically using 2 mini plates of 2.0 mm in relation to the condyle, one 5-hole miniplate in relation to the posterior border of the mandible, one 3-hole miniplate in relation to the anterior border of the condyle. A 2.4 mm 8-hole reconstruction plate was placed in relation to the right parasymphysis region of the mandible. He again reported to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery after 25 days with an alleged history of RTI. After a complete examination, he was diagnosed with a fracture of the symphysis and left subcondylar region of the mandible. He was managed surgically using 11-hole reconstruction plate 2.4 mm with bicortical screws to fix symphysis fracture of the mandible. A 4-hole high-profile matrix mandible 2.0 mm plate was used to fix the left subcondylar fracture. Now the patient is having good mouth opening, preinjury occlusion and a good range of functional movements of the mandible.After functionally stable fixation of the condyle and rigid fixation of the anterior mandible, refracture is rarely reported. The anatomy of the condyle is complex, so after the removal of the miniplates, the bone available is less. The purpose of reporting the present case is to highlight the management of refracture of the condyle using matrix mandible plate. The use of a synthes matrix mandibular plate is promising in such cases and can be used effectively.
Renoprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation in patients with chronic kidney disease: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Abe Yoshifusa , Nishiwaki Hiroki , Suzuki Taihei , Noma Hisashi , Watanabe Yoshitaka , Ota Erika , Hasegawa Takeshi 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionCoenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble vitamin-like quinone. The plasma levels of CoQ10 are reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CoQ10 supplementation can improve mitochondrial function and decrease oxidative stress in these patients. This systematic review will assess the renoprotective effects of CoQ10 supplementation in patients with CKD.Methods and analysisWe will include the following studies: (1) randomised-controlled trials, (2) participants with CKD and (3) participants treated with CoQ10 as an intervention. The systematic review protocol was prepared in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and International Clinical Trials Register databases will be searched for articles without language restrictions in December 2024. The authors will be divided into two groups. Two independent authors will screen the titles and abstracts of all reports extracted via an electronic search. After the initial screening, the authors will independently review the full-text articles and perform a directed content analysis of the extracted data. For outcomes measured using continuous scales of measurement, we will adopt standardised mean differences as the effect measures. We will pool the data using the random‐effects model.Ethics and disseminationNo human participants will be involved in the study. On completion of the analysis, the manuscript will be prepared for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021241085.
Protocol for a multi-domain scoping review to identify measures of decision-making ability in an ageing population
Authors: Ho Emily H. , Ece Berivan , Novack Miriam A. , Pila Sarah , Karpouzian-Rogers Tatiana , Mather Molly A , Dworak Elizabeth McManus , Hosseinian Zahra , Bucko Patricia , Kaat Aaron James , Han S. Duke , Lichtenberg Peter , Hanmer Janel , Miller Corinne H , Gershon Richard , Weintraub Sandra 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDeficits in decision-making (DM) can lead to adverse outcomes across multiple domains such as financial management and medical care. By hindering such DM abilities, cognitive impairment (CI) often affects quality of life. Routine screening for CI, however, does not include systematic and comprehensive assessment of DM ability. While there are many DM measures, there is considerable heterogeneity in what constructs are measured and the populations in which they have been validated. This scoping review protocol details the proposed comprehensive examination of published literature on DM measures used in adults aged 45 years and older.Methods and analysisArksey and O’Malley’s (2005) scoping review methodology framework will guide the current scoping review. We will systematically search Embase (Elsevier), MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ebsco), Cochrane Library (Wiley), Web of Science (Clarivate) and Scopus (Elsevier) to identify the studies meeting our eligibility criteria. We will review literature published between January 2018 and November 2023. Following best practice recommendations, a two-stage study selection process will be applied. First, titles and abstracts will be independently reviewed by two reviewers based on our eligibility criteria. Second, full texts will be screened and data will be extracted only from the articles included after the full review. The results of the current scoping review will be reported in adherence to PRISMA-Scr guidelines.Ethics and disseminationThis study does not require ethics approval as the scoping review methodology involves reviewing results from publicly available published materials. Results of the scoping review will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNIA grant number 1U24AG082022-01.
Patients’ perceived involvement in clinical decision-making and associated factors among adult patients admitted at Jimma Medical Center, Oromia, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dibera Keneni Dina , Debancho Wadu Wolancho , Bedada Gadisa Bekele , Dugasa Yonas Gurmu 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo assess patients’ perceived involvement in clinical decision-making and associated factors among adult patients admitted at Jimma Medical Center, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022.DesignAn institution-based cross-sectional study was employed.SettingA study was conducted at a governmental tertiary teaching and referral hospital located in Jimma Zone, Oromia region, southwestern part of Ethiopia. The study was conducted between 15 July and 7 September 2022.ParticipantsA total of 422 randomly selected adult patients admitted at Jimma Medical Center were enrolled, after excluding those who were acutely ill during the study period.MethodsData were collected via a structured, interviewer-administered tool, entered into EpiData V.4.6 and exported to SPSS V.26 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Significant factors were declared at p<0.05.Main outcome measurePatients’ perceived involvement in clinical decision-making (adequate involvement/poor involvement).ResultsA total of 51.4% (95% CI: 46.4 to 56.3) of respondents had adequate perceived involvement in clinical decision-making. Participants who were aged >60 years (adjusted OR (AOR): 2.01 (95% CI: 1.44 to 5.65)), college and above the level of education (AOR: 4.6 (95% CI: 1.6 to 13.26)), length of hospital stay >15 days (AOR: 2.8 (95% CI: 1.41 to 5.5)) and high health literacy level (AOR: 2.04 (95% CI: 1.34 to 4.21)) were more likely to be associated with adequate perceived involvement in clinical decision-making whereas non-prior hospitalisation (AOR: 0.493 (95% CI: 0.3 to 0.82)) and passive autonomy preference (AOR: 0.22 (95% CI: 0.13 to 0.37)) were less likely to be associated with adequate perceived involvement in clinical decision-making than each of their corresponding counterparts.ConclusionOnly nearly half of the respondents had adequate perceived involvement in clinical decision-making. Collaborative autonomy preferences, high educational levels, long length of hospital stay, high health literacy level and patients in the older age group were among the factors significantly associated with respondents’ adequate perceived involvement in clinical decision-making. Healthcare professionals have to consider empowering patients’ perceived involvement in clinical decision-making, and hospital management has to reinforce healthcare professionals’ efforts to promote patients’ perceived involvement in clinical decision-making.
Safe, effective and cost-effective oxygen saturation targets for children and adolescents with respiratory distress: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (OxyKids study)
Authors: Louman Sam , van Stralen Karlijn J , Koppelman Gerard , Vaessen-Verberne Anja , Bekhof Jolita , Bosmans J , Brackel Caroline , Kamps Arvid W A , de Kleer Ismé , Balemans Walter , Scheffer Mirjam , Brouwer Marianne , van den Beukel Marije , Andrinopoulou Eleni-Rosalina , Pijnenburg Mariëlle W H , Boehmer Annemie L M 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionLittle is known about the effectiveness and safety of oxygen saturation (SpO2) thresholds in children admitted with respiratory distress. The current 90%–94% threshold could lead to prolonged administration of supplemental oxygen, increased duration of hospital admissions, distress for children and families, and healthcare costs. To balance reducing unnecessary oxygen administration and preventing hypoxia, a lower SpO2 threshold of 88% for oxygen supplementation in children has been suggested. This trial aims to test the hypothesis that a lower SpO2 threshold of 88% safely reduces the length of hospital stay in children admitted with respiratory distress when compared with a 92% SpO2 threshold and to assess its cost-effectiveness.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial with two parallel arms. A total of 560 children aged 6 weeks to 12 years admitted with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis, viral wheeze or lower respiratory tract infection will be recruited and equally randomised into an intervention or usual care arm. Intervention arm patients will receive supplemental oxygen if SpO2 falls below 88% or above 88% if deemed necessary by clinical staff. Control arm patients will receive supplemental oxygen if SpO2 falls below 92% or above 92% if deemed necessary by staff. The primary outcome is the time from admission to the time when all prespecified discharge criteria are met. Secondary outcomes are length of stay, safety (time to recovery, readmissions and paediatric intensive care admissions), quality of life, parental anxiety and societal costs. Patients are followed up by digital questionnaires up to 90 days postdischarge.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received approval from the research ethics committee (REC) of Leiden, Den Haag and Delft (EU CT number 2023-504817-56). Written informed consent will be obtained from parents or guardians. Parents of patients and patient representatives are involved in all stages of the study, from design to results, interpretation and dissemination. The results of this trial will be disseminated via lay publications, peer-reviewed scientific journals and academic conferences.Trial registration numberNCT06016244.
Enabling participation in community-dwelling children and young people with acquired brain injuries and their families: a theory-based, evidence-based and person-based approach to intervention development
Authors: Keetley Rachel , Manning Joseph C , Kettlewell Jade , Williams Jane , Bennett Emily , Lyon Victoria , Radford Kate 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo codesign and develop an intervention to promote participation and well-being in children and young people (CYP) with acquired brain injury (ABI) and family caregivers.DesignA complex intervention development study including a scoping review, mixed-methods study, co-design workshop and theoretical modelling.SettingCommunity-dwelling participants in one geographical region of the UK.ParticipantsCYP with ABI (5–18 years) and their parents, health, education, social care and voluntary/third-sector practitioners.ResultsThe intervention development process using a theory-driven and evidence-informed approach, combining the Behaviour Change Wheel and the person-based approach is described. Findings from the scoping review and mixed-methods study were analysed and synthesised using the framework method and the International Classification of Functioning, Health and Disability and the Behaviour Change Wheel. Evidence of identified participation needs, barriers and facilitators was presented at the codesign workshop. The findings demonstrate the significant long-term impact of an ABI on CYP participation and both CYP and parent well-being with significant unmet family needs. Barriers and facilitators were identified, with key barriers being lack of knowledge and understanding, lack of parental and family support and a need for cross-sector collaboration and communication. Stakeholders identified potential solutions and intervention ingredients, such as the need for education for families and schools regarding long-term impact of ABI, and longer-term practical and emotional support for families. Findings from the workshop were analysed using the framework method and synthesised with previous findings using the Behaviour Change Wheel. Theoretical modelling enabled guiding principles to be identified and an intervention logic model to be produced. ‘ABI-Participate’ is a novel, multifaceted intervention, developed with CYP with ABI, their parents and professionals from across health, education, social care and charity sectors. Using a case coordination model, ABI-Participate aims to address the unmet needs and barriers of this population and includes needs assessment, goal setting, action planning, health coaching, practical and emotional support for families and multiagency liaison and collaboration, adopting an individualised needs-based approach.ConclusionA systematic process using a theory-based, evidence-based and person-based approach resulted in a novel, codesigned, multifaceted intervention, grounded in an in-depth understanding of CYP with ABI participation needs, barriers and facilitators. Further development and refinement of the individual elements of ABI-Participate and the care pathway to support its implementation are now required prior to feasibility testing.
Physical activity and tobacco smoking in the German adult population
Authors: Acar Zeynep , Jackson Sarah , Klosterhalfen Stephanie , Kotz Daniel 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPhysical inactivity and tobacco smoking remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Germany, smoking prevalence is high at around 30%, and only 45% achieve the WHO recommendation for physical activity (PA). Understanding how smoking and physical inactivity co-occur can inform interventions targeting these behaviours.MethodsWe analysed data from 4073 adults (≥18 years) participating in a national household survey between April and July 2022. We tested the association between PA level (not=reference/low/medium/very active) and smoking status (never=reference/ex/current smoker). Among current smokers, we tested associations between PA level and cigarettes smoked per day, time spent with and strength of urges to smoke and motivation to stop smoking.ResultsOverall, 29.9% (95% CI=28.5; 31.4) reported no leisure-time PA; among current smokers, it was 39.8% (95% CI=37.3; 42.4). Higher PA levels were associated with lower odds of being a current versus never smoker (OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.69; 0.79). Among current smokers, higher PA levels were associated with smoking fewer cigarettes per day (β=−0.98, 95% CI=−1.39; −0.56), weaker urges to smoke (OR=0.81, 95% CI=0.74; 0.89) and higher motivation to stop smoking (OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.02; 1.24). The association between PA and time spent with urges to smoke was not statistically significant (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.85; 1.02).ConclusionPeople who are more physically active are less likely to smoke. Current smokers with higher PA levels smoke less, are less dependent and are more motivated to quit. Further research is required to determine whether these associations are causal and, if so, whether interventions to increase PA could help people to quit smoking.
Impact of lateral ankle sprains on physical function, range of motion, isometric strength and balance in professional soccer players
Authors: Wilczyński Bartosz , Cabaj Paulina , Biały Maciej , Zorena Katarzyna 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveLateral ankle sprains (LASs) are prevalent in soccer and can affect long-term performance, injury recurrence and risk for chronic ankle instability. This case–control study examined functional impairments associated with LAS in professional soccer players aged 17–21.Methods40 players were divided into 2 groups: 21 with a history of LAS and 19 healthy matched controls. Functional assessments included the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Y Balance Test (YBT), Weight Bearing Lunge Test, Heel Rise Test, Side Hop Test, and ankle and hip isometric strength measurements.ResultsSoccer players with a history of LAS exhibited significant deficits in dynamic balance, particularly in the anterior and composite YBT scores, with moderate effect sizes (p<0.05). FAAM scores also revealed functional limitations in daily activities and sports performance for the LAS group. No significant differences were observed in strength or mobility measures, including the Heel Rise, Side Hop and isometric tests. There were also no differences between injured and non-injured legs in the LAS group in the performance tests.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the persistent deficits in dynamic balance following LAS, emphasising the need for targeted rehabilitation to mitigate the risk of reinjury and enhance performance in soccer players.
Police Use of Social Media in Community Policing in Malawi
Authors: Mutupha Joseph Fredrick , Gama Limbani Chrispin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Social media use in police work has taken an unprecedented turn with many police departments leveraging on its opportunities. The purpose of this study focussed on police’s use of social media in community engagement in Malawi. This qualitative case study employed focus group discussions with 44 Community Policing Officers and six in-depth interviews with one Regional Community Policing Coordinator and five Community Policing Coordinators that were sampled purposively. Much as there is high presence of social media among the police, there lacks a serious exploitation of this technology in the Malawi police service as its use is basically grounded on individual practices for mere communication and interaction. The police are challenged in using social media due to among others technological infrastructure barriers and resistant to change among police officers. Informed by the Diffusion of Innovations theory, the study established the laxity within the Malawi Police Service in adopting social media at institutional level. The study recommends that the Malawi Police Service should establish regional social media pages and invest in more robust technological infrastructures.