bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ethics of people analytics: risks, opportunities and recommendations
Authors: Tursunbayeva Aizhan , Pagliari Claudia , Di Lauro Stefano , Antonelli Gilda 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis research analyzed the existing academic and grey literature concerning the technologies and practices of people analytics (PA), to understand how ethical considerations are being discussed by researchers, industry experts and practitioners, and to identify gaps, priorities and recommendations for ethical practice.Design/methodology/approachAn iterative “scoping review” method was used to capture and synthesize relevant academic and grey literature. This is suited to emerging areas of innovation where formal research lags behind evidence from professional or technical sources.FindingsAlthough the grey literature contains a growing stream of publications aimed at helping PA practitioners to “be ethical,” overall, research on ethical issues in PA is still at an early stage. Optimistic and technocentric perspectives dominate the PA discourse, although key themes seen in the wider literature on digital/data ethics are also evident. Risks and recommendations for PA projects concerned transparency and diverse stakeholder inclusion, respecting privacy rights, fair and proportionate use of data, fostering a systemic culture of ethical practice, delivering benefits for employees, including ethical outcomes in business models, ensuring legal compliance and using ethical charters.Research limitations/implicationsThis research adds to current debates over the future of work and employment in a digitized, algorithm-driven society.Practical implicationsThe research provides an accessible summary of the risks, opportunities, trade-offs and regulatory issues for PA, as well as a framework for integrating ethical strategies and practices.Originality/valueBy using a scoping methodology to surface and analyze diverse literatures, this study fills a gap in existing knowledge on ethical aspects of PA. The findings can inform future academic research, organizations using or considering PA products, professional associations developing relevant guidelines and policymakers adapting regulations. It is also timely, given the increase in digital monitoring of employees working from home during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Does brand-relationships matter? The role of brand attachment in salesperson performance in retailing
Authors: Chinelato Flavia Braga , Filho Cid Gonçalves , Júnior Clodoaldo Lopes Nizza 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
Salesperson performance is accepted as a relevant factor of retailing success. However, scarce studies reveal the relationship between sales performance and brand relationship. The purpose of this study is both, from one side, to empirically demonstrate the impact of salesperson brand attachment (SBA) on sales performance and, on the other side, to identify the mediators of this relationship in small retailing.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was conducted with a sample of 206 small retailers from different sectors of an emerging country. The proposed model was tested using partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS3.

Findings
The results demonstrated that SBA is relevant to driving sales performance through two relevant paths – one following SBA–satisfaction–performance and one path following the SBA–commitment–performance. The model was able to explain 63% of the outcome performance.

Practical implications
Regarding small retailers, where the owners, employees and managers have higher levels of interaction than the large national retail chains, the marketing executives must invest in improving the attachment to the brand and create emotional bonds and cognition between marketers and the brand. They must develop strategies to promote job satisfaction and organizational commitment because they determine performance.

Originality/value
Despite the relevance of small businesses for economies worldwide and the importance of salesperson brand relationships, no study has been developed to demonstrate the impacts of such relationships on salesperson performance in retailing. Furthermore, in addition to the central role of organizational commitment in the sales research, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore how to mediate the relationship between brand attachment and sales performance.
Numerical simulation of long-period grating sensors (LPGS) transmission spectrum behavior under strain and temperature effects
Authors: Eid Mahmoud M.A. , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study aims to simulate the long-period fiber grating sensor pulse peak position against the transmission range. The long-period fiber grating sensor pulse peak position against the transmission range is simulated clearly where the pulse peak value at zero position is 0.972655 with the ripple factor of unity. It is demonstrated that the long-period fiber grating sensor bandwidth can be estimated to be 50 µm. Wavelength shift of the long-period grating sensor (LPGS) is reported against grating wavelength, applied temperatures and applied micro strain.

Design/methodology/approach
This work has reported the numerical simulation of LPGS transmission spectrum behavior characteristics under the strain and temperature effects by using OptiGrating simulation software. The sensor fabrication material is silica-doped germanium. The transmittivity/reflectivity and input spectrum pulse intensity of long-period Bragg sensor variations are simulated against the grating wavelength variations. Input/output pulse intensity of LPGS variations is simulated against the timespan variations with the Gaussian input pulse from 100 to 500 km link length.

Findings
Temperature variation and strain variation of the LPGS are outlined against both applied temperatures and micro-strain variations at the central grating wavelength of 1,550 nm.

Originality/value
It is demonstrated that the long period fiber grating sensor bandwidth can be estimated to be 50 µm. Wavelength shift of the long period grating sensor is reported against both grating wavelength, applied temperatures and applied micro strain. Temperature variation and strain variation of the long period grating sensor are outlined against both applied temperatures and micro strain variations at the central grating wavelength of 1550 nm.
Sexual dimorphism driven by intersexual resource competition: Why is it rare, and where to look for it?
Authors: Li Xiang‐Yi , Kokko Hanna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Sexes often differ more obviously in secondary sexual characteristics than in traits that appear naturally selected, despite conceivable benefits to intersexual niche partitioning. Genetic constraints may play a role in limiting sex‐specific niche evolution; however, it is not clear why this limit should apply to naturally selected traits more than those under sexual selection; the latter routinely produces dimorphism. We ask whether ecological factors and/or features of the mating system limit dimorphism in resource use, or conversely, what conditions are the most permissible ones for sexual niche differences.

The scale of mating competition and spatial variation in resource availability can help predict sexually dimorphic niches or the lack thereof. We investigate why and when dimorphism might fail to evolve even if genetic covariation between the sexes posed no constraint.

Our analytical model incorporates the first aspect of spatial interactions (scale of mating competition). It is followed by simulations that explore broader conditions, including multiple resources with habitat heterogeneity, genetic correlations and non‐Gaussian resource‐use efficiency functions.

We recover earlier known conditions for favourable conditions for the evolution of niche partitioning between sexes, such as narrow individual niche and low degrees of genetic constraint. We also show spatial considerations to alter this picture. Sexual niche divergence occurs more readily when local mating groups are small and different resources occur reliably across habitats. Polygyny (medium‐sized or large mating groups) can diminish the prospects for dimorphism even if no genetic constraints are present. Habitat heterogeneity typically also disfavours niche dimorphism but can also lead to polymorphism within a sex, if it is beneficial to specialize to be very competitive in one habitat, even at a cost to performance in the other.

Sexual conflict is usually used to explain dimorphic traits or behaviours. Our models highlight that introducing conflict (achieved by switching from monogamy to polygamy) can also be responsible for sexual monomorphism. Under monogamy, males benefit from specializing to consume other resources than what feeds the female best. Polygyny makes males disregard this female benefit, and both sexes compete for the most profitable resource, leading to overlapping niches.
Subzero, saline incubations of Colwellia psychrerythraea reveal strategies and biomarkers for sustained life in extreme icy environments
Authors: Mudge Miranda C. , Nunn Brook L. , Firth Erin , Ewert Marcela , Hales Kianna , Fondrie William E. , Noble William S. , Toner Jonathan , Light Bonnie , Junge Karen A. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryColwellia psychrerythraea is a marine psychrophilic bacterium known for its remarkable ability to maintain activity during long‐term exposure to extreme subzero temperatures and correspondingly high salinities in sea ice. These microorganisms must have adaptations to both high salinity and low temperature to survive, be metabolically active, or grow in the ice. Here, we report on an experimental design that allowed us to monitor culturability, cell abundance, activity and proteomic signatures of C. psychrerythraea strain 34H (Cp34H) in subzero brines and supercooled sea water through long‐term incubations under eight conditions with varying subzero temperatures, salinities and nutrient additions. Shotgun proteomics found novel metabolic strategies used to maintain culturability in response to each independent experimental variable, particularly in pathways regulating carbon, nitrogen and fatty acid metabolism. Statistical analysis of abundances of proteins uniquely identified in isolated conditions provide metabolism‐specific protein biosignatures indicative of growth or survival in either increased salinity, decreased temperature, or nutrient limitation. Additionally, to aid in the search for extant life on other icy worlds, analysis of detected short peptides in −10°C incubations after 4 months identified over 500 potential biosignatures that could indicate the presence of terrestrial‐like cold‐active or halophilic metabolisms on other icy worlds.
Visualizing shed skin cells in fingerprint residue using dark‐field microscopy
Authors: Muramoto Shin , Osborn William , Gillen Greg 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis proof‐of‐concept study shows that dark‐field microscopy provides sufficient contrast for cell visualization in fingerprints with high sebum content. Although the application is limited to smooth surfaces that do not scatter light, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), it was able to measure the number of cells deposited within a fingerprint residue and the reduction in cell transfer with repeated skin contact. On a PET surface, at roughly 5 N of contact force, a typical finger transfers several hundred cells onto the surface. Over subsequent finger contacts onto a clean PET surface, this number decreased exponentially until a steady state was reached, which is characterized by the transfer of (78 ± 36) cells or (0.46 ± 0.21) cells/mm2 when normalized for fingerprint area. High uncertainty in cell transfer was due to: the highly variable nature of a human finger (where the number of loose cells varies from person to person and from day to day depending on what they touch) and difficulties in controlling the contact force and finger movement such as twisting during deposition (where twisting of the finger can expose a new patch of skin to the substrate, increasing the number of cell transfer). Plasma etching was also explored as an effective way to validate dark‐field microscopy for cell counting. Although limited to inorganic substrates due to etching effects, exposing the fingerprint for less than 10 min can remove a majority of the sebum while keeping the cells intact for a before‐and‐after comparison using light microscopy.
The Major Controlling Factors and Different Oolitic Shoal Reservoir Characteristics of the Triassic Feixianguan Formation, Eastern Longgang Area, NE Sichuan Basin, SW China
Authors: GU Yifan , JIANG Yuqiang , LEI Xiaohua , CHEN Zhiyong , ZHOU Lu , FU Yonghong , JIANG Zengzheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBased on comprehensive analyses of occurrence, petrological observation, pore structure and geochemistry, the different reservoir characteristics and reservoir evolutionary pathways between different oolitic shoal reservoir types of the Feixianguan Formation on the west side of the Kaijiang‐Liangping Trough have been studied. There exist three stages of high‐energy slope break belts in the Feixianguan period, the corresponding three stages of oolitic shoals gradually migrating in the direction of the trough. Three types of oolitic shoal reservoirs, namely, residual‐oolitic dolomite, mold‐oolitic dolomite and sparry oolitic limestone, were formed during sedimentary‐diagenetic evolution, the pore types being intergranular dissolved pore, mold pore (or intragranular dissolved pore) and residual intergranular pore, respectively. The petrology, physical properties and pore structure of the different types of oolitic shoal reservoirs are quite different. Residual‐oolitic dolomite reservoirs have the best quality, while sparry oolitic limestone reservoirs have the poorest. Combined with analyses of trace elements, rare earth elements and carbon‐oxygen isotopes, it is suggested that the formation of residual‐oolitic dolomite reservoirs is jointly controlled by penesaline seawater seepage‐reflux dolomitization and hydrothermal dolomitization. Mold‐pore oolitic dolomite reservoirs are controlled by penesaline seawater seepage‐reflux dolomitization and meteoric water solution. The burial dissolution of organic acid not only further improves the reservoir qualities of previously formed oolitic dolomite reservoirs, but also preserves residual intergranular pores in the sparry oolitic limestone reservoirs.
Shallow Structure of the Crust in the Sulu‐Dabie Region, China and its Seismotectonic Implication
Authors: XU Jiren , LI Haibing , QI Xuexiang , ZHAO Zhixin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe P‐wave velocity structure in the shallow crust is investigated in and around the Sulu‐Dabie region by using seismic reflection data for deep soundings in 48 survey profiles and from rock velocity determinations. The observed velocity distributions show obvious heterogeneities in this region. The low velocity anomalies are observed mainly in the west of the Dabie region and the East Sea regions. The high velocity anomalies emerge in the shallow crust of the Sulu and Dabie orogeny. These high‐velocity anomalies can be attributed to the ultra‐high pressure metamorphosed (UHPM) rock formed by exhumation motion of mantle materials during the orogeny. The high‐velocity anomalies in the different shallow layers beneath the Sulu region are located to the northeast of the Tan‐Lu fault. The high‐velocity anomalies beneath the Dabie region are located southwest of the Tan‐Lu fault. Such a distribution pattern of velocity anomaly zones may reveal historical motion of a left‐lateral strike‐slip for the Tan‐Lu fault, which differs from the result of a right‐lateral strike‐slip motion regime known from modern seismology, indicating a more complex tectonic motion along the Tan‐Lu fault.
Detrital Zircon U‐Pb Geochronology of the Xilin Group: Constraints for the Early Paleozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Songliao Massif
Authors: SANG Tianjiao , PEI Fuping , XU Wenliang , WANG Zhiwei , JIAO Ji , WEI Jingyang , WANG Yipeng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Xilin Group, composed of the Chenming, Laodaomiaogou, Qianshan and Wuxingzhen formations, is one of the Early Paleozoic terranes in the eastern Songliao Massif, mainly consisting of thick layers of fine clastic and carbonate rocks. This study presents LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U‐Pb geochronological data for the Laodaomiaogou and Qianshan formations, further constraining their provenance and the Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Songliao Massif on the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Most zircons from the Laodaomiaogou and Qianshan formations show magmatic oscillatory zoning and high Th/U ratios (0.26–2.41). Zircon U‐Pb dating results indicate that the detrital zircons from the silty mudstone of the Laodaomiaogou Formation yield peak ages of 634 Ma, 775 Ma, 820 Ma, 880 Ma and 927 Ma, as well as multi‐episodic Archean to Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic ages (1405–643 Ma), implying its deposition time is younger than ∼634 Ma. Furthermore, the occurrence of Early Cambrian fossils indicates that the Laodaomiaogou Formation was deposited during the late stage of the Early Cambrian (∼514 Ma). The zircons from the K‐bentonite of the Qianshan Formation show four peak ages of 444 Ma, 471 Ma, 489 Ma and 518 Ma and the youngest age peak of 444 ± 4 Ma (n= 6) indicates that the Qianshan Formation was deposited during the Late Ordovician. In addition, the peak ages of the detrital zircons in the silty mudstone of the Qianshan Formation are 472 Ma and 498 Ma, as well as two other concordant points with207Pb/206Pb apparent ages of 1824 Ma and 1985 Ma. The dating results in this study, together with published data, indicate the absence of Pan‐African magmatic events in the Songliao Massif prior to the initial deposition of the Xilin Group, in contrast to those distributed widely in the Jiamusi Massif. Taken together, we conclude that the depositional provenance of the Laodaomiaogou and Qianshan formations was derived from the Songliao Massif. Furthermore, the characteristics of the detrital zircon age composition and rock associations indicate that the Laodaomiaogou Formation formed in a passive continental margin environment, in contrast to the Qianshan Formation, which formed in an active continental margin environment. The above results also imply that the Songliao and Jiamusi massifs might not have collided before the Late Ordovician.
Upwelling of Mantle‐derived Material in Southeast China: Evidence from Noble Gas Isotopes
Authors: WANG Shuai , KUANG Jian , HUANG Xuelian , ZHANG Hongyan , ZHANG Min , QI Shihua , HAN Yongjie , XIAO Zhicai , WANG Siqi , TANG Ling 
Published: March 2021

AbstractShallow groundwater collected in Chaozhou, Huizhou, and Guangzhou allowed testing of concentrations and the isotope ratios of noble gases. Based on the calculated noble gas temperature (NGT) and the ratio of noble gas isotopes, the recharge temperature, recharge source, and residence time of groundwater can be calculated. In addition, the contribution of noble gas components from different sources to the sample components can be assessed. In the Huizhou area, according to the 1/Xe vs. Ne/Xe and NGT data, the shallow sandstone‐confined water samples in the Shiba area and the unconfined water samples of the Huangshadong are in different temperature ranges, indicating that they have different recharge sources, both in time or space. The He components in the samples are calculated to obtain the content of radiogenic 4He in the crust and to simulate the groundwater ages. The noble gas isotope ratios show the addition of mantle components into the basalt aquifers and sandstone aquifers in Chaozhou and Huizhou. Except for atmospheric and crustal sources, there is a certain proportion of mantle‐derived components in the shallow underground cold water in Huizhou and Chaozhou. The noble gases in the Chaozhou groundwater have an obvious mantle signature, allowing speculation that there is a deep fluid carrying mantle characteristics. This upwelling of mantle‐derived material might be caused by the India‐Eurasia collision or that between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate.
CITED4 enhances the metastatic potential of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lianmin , Wang Yuan , Sha Yongsheng , Zhang Bin , Zhang Rui , Zhang Hua , Xu Shilei , Wang Hailong , Xu Yue , Chen Yulong , Zhao Xiaoliang , Zhu Jianquan , Zhang Zhenfa , Wang Changli 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCITED4 belongs to the CBP/p300‐interacting transactivator with glutamic acid and aspartic acid‐rich tail (CITED) family which is induced by various cytokines and participates in cytokine‐induced proliferation and differentiation. CITED4 is induced by HB‐EGF in lung cancer cells. However, it is unclear whether and how CITED4 contributes to the invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (ADC).MethodsCITED4 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and its association with disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival were analyzed based on a cohort of 261 patients. The roles of CITED4 were validated via loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function experiments. The relationship between CITED4 and CLDN3 was validated by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and luciferase reporter assays. The function of the CITED4‐CTNNB1‐CLDN3 complex was fully validated and described.ResultsCITED4 expression was significantly upregulated in ADC tissues and cells and a predictor for DFS. Downregulation of CITED4 attenuated the proliferation and invasion, whereas CITED4 overexpression enhanced these effects. Overexpression and knockdown of CITED4 resulted in the upregulation and downregulation of CLDN3, respectively. Moreover, CITED4 downregulation suppressed CLDN3‐mediated ADC cell metastasis in vivo. CITED4 was highly expressed and positively correlated with CLDN3. Mechanistically, CITED4 interacted with CTNNB1 and functioned synergistically to enhance CLDN3 transcription. Importantly, CITED4 induced ADC invasion via a CLDN3‐dependent pathway. CITED4 determined the level of CLDN3, which in turn affected the sensitivity of tumors to Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin treatment.ConclusionsThe CITED4‐CTNNB1‐CLDN3 axis plays a key role in the invasion and metastasis of ADC and provides a novel therapeutic target for lung cancer treatment.
First report of cutaneous mycetoma by Paecilomyces variotii and the successful treatment with combined itraconazole and terbinafine along with resection surgeries
Authors: Criado Paulo Ricardo , Belda Junior Walter , da Matta Vania Lucia Ribeiro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMycetoma is a progressively mutilating infectious disease of the subcutaneous tissue that affects the skin and deep structures, which is poorly responsive to chemotherapy. Here, we report a skin mycetoma caused by Paecilomyces variotii, an uncommon fungus of human infections, and the therapeutic approach that resulted in a complete cure of the patient.
Overhearing Brief Negative Messages Has Lasting Effects on Children’s Attitudes Toward Novel Social Groups
Authors: Conder Emily B. , Lane Jonathan D. 
Published: March 2021

Societies are rife with out‐group discrimination and mistreatment. One way that children might acquire social biases that lead to such outcomes is by overhearing derogatory or disparaging comments about social groups. Children (n = 121) overheard a video call between a researcher and an adult or child caller who made negative claims (or no claims) about a novel social group. Immediately and following a 2‐week delay, older children (7–9 years) who overheard the message demonstrated stronger negative attitudes toward the group than children who heard no message. Younger children’s (4‐ to 5‐year‐olds’) attitudes were generally unaffected by these claims. Thus, overhearing brief, indirect messages from children or adults had robust and lasting effects on the social biases of children 7 years and older.