bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Texture Analysis of Non-Contrast T2-Weighted Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Discriminate Between Cardiac Amyloidosis and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Huang Shan , Shi Ke , Zhang Yi , Yan Wei-feng , Guo Ying-kun , Li Yuan , Yang Zhi-gang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo elucidate the value of texture analysis (TA) in detecting and differentiating myocardial tissue alterations on non-contrast T2-weighted CMR (cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging) in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).MethodsIn this retrospective study, 100 CA (58.5±10.7 years; 41 (41%) females) and 217 HCM (50.7±14.8 years, 101 (46.5%) females) patients who underwent CMR scans were included. Regions of interest for TA were delineated by two radiologists independently on non-contrast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). Stepwise dimension reduction and texture feature selection based on reproducibility, machine learning algorithms, and correlation analyses were performed to select features. Both the CA and HCM groups were randomly divided into a training dataset and a testing dataset (7:3). After the TA model was established in the training set, the diagnostic performance of the model was validated in the testing set and further validated in a subgroup of patients with similar hypertrophy.ResultsThe 7 independent texture features provided, in combination, a diagnostic accuracy of 86.0% (AUC=0.915; 95% CI: 0.879-0.951) in the training dataset and 79.2% (AUC=0.842; 95% CI: 0.759-0.924) in the testing dataset. The differential diagnostic accuracy in the similar hypertrophy subgroup was 82.2% (AUC=0.864, 95% CI: 0.805-0.922). The significance of the difference between the AUCs of the TA model and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was verified by Delong’s test (p=0.996). All seven texture features showed significant differences between CA and HCM (all p<0.001).ConclusionOur study demonstrated that texture analysis based on non-contrast T2-weighted images could feasibly differentiate CA from HCM, even in patients with similar hypertrophy. The selected final texture features could achieve a comparable diagnostic capacity to LGE.Trial registration:Since this study is a retrospective observational study and no intervention had been involved, trial registration is waived.
The transmission pattern and clinical course identified from 417 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective and observational study
Authors: Huang Feijuan , Zhang Yu , Cai Yuanzhe , Ding Feng , Liu Zhanyan , Liu Jieren , Liu Yan , Huang Yaowei , Tian Xiaomiao , Lee Weldon , Wu Zhengzhi , Yang Shiwei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background To help government formulating epidemic control strategies and spreading Shenzhen's experience. Methods 417 patients admitted to hospital with confirmed COVID-19 infection between 19 January and 21 February 2020 in Shenzhen, China.Observational study of COVID-19 outcomes using quality-assured public data from website of Shenzhen Municipal Health Commission and a COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment fixed-point hospital to transmission patterns and associated factors of sporadic and clustered COVID-19 cases and its critical time courses.Results We Compared the characteristics of clustered and non-clustered cases, found the clustered cases differed significantly from non-clustered cases in age and exposure history. Moreover, we analyzed the time intervals between symptom onset and recovery for three clinical conditions and different stages of transmission patterns, found the time intervals between illness onset and hospital discharge for all patients were no more than 30 days. Finally, we analyzed disease severity conditions, severe patients spent 4-5 more days of hospitalization and medical intervention than moderate and mild patients did.Conclusions The study confirms that severe patients spent 4-5 more days of hospitalization and medical intervention than moderate and mild patients did. Our results also provided robust evidence that timely and effective prevention measures were the key to quickly cut the transmission chains and prevent the transition from clustered transmission pattern to community transmission pattern.
Vehicle Re-identification in Multi-branches Network
Authors: Rong Leilei , Xu Yan , Zhou Xiaolei , Han Lisu , Li Linghui , Pan Xuguang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Vehicle re-identification (Re-ID) aims to solve the problem of matching and identifying the same vehicles under the scene of cross multiple surveillance cameras. Finding the target vehicle quickly and accurately in the massive vehicle database is extremely important for public security, traffic surveillance and applications on smart city. However, it is very challenging due to the orientation variations, illumination changes, occlusion, low resolution, rapid vehicle movement, and amounts of similar vehicle models. In order to overcome these problems and improve the accuracy of vehicle re-identification, a multi-branches network is proposed, which is integrated by global-local feature fusion, channel attention mechanism, and weighted local feature. First, the fusion of global and local features is to obtain more complete information of the vehicle and enhance the learning ability of the model; second, the purpose of embedding the channel attention module in the feature extraction branch is to extract the personalized feature of the vehicle; finally, the influence of sky area and noise information on feature extraction is weakened by weighted local feature. The comprehensive experiments implemented on the mainstream evaluation datasets including VeRi-776, VRIC, and VehicleID indicate that our method can effectively improve the accuracy of vehicle re-identification and is superior to the state-of-the-art methods.
Circulating tumor DNA as a predictive marker of recurrence for patients with stage II-III breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Lin Po-Han , Wang Ming-Yang , Lo Chiao , Tsai Li-Wei , Yen Tzu-Chun , Huang Thomas Yoyan , Huang Wei-Chih , Yang Karen , Chen Chih-Kai , Fan Sheng-Chih , Kuo Sung-Sheng , Huang Chiun-Sheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:Patients with stage II to III breast cancer have a high recurrence rate. The early detection of recurrent breast cancer remains a major unmet need. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been shown to be a marker to detect disease progression in metastatic breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of ctDNA in the setting of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT).Methods:Plasma was sampled at the initial diagnosis (defined as before NAT) and after NAT and breast surgery (defined as after NAT). We extracted ctDNA from the plasma and performed deep sequencing of a target gene panel. The detection of alterations, such as mutations and copy number variations, were considered to indicate ctDNA positivity.Results:A total of 95 patients were enrolled in this study; 60 patients exhibited ctDNA positivity before NAT, and 31 patients had ctDNA positivity after NAT. A pathologic complete response (pCR) was observed in 13 patients, including one ER(+)Her2(-) patient, six Her2(+) patients and six triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Among the entire cohort, multivariate analysis showed that an N3 classification and ctDNA positivity after NAT were independent risk factors that predicted recurrence (N3, hazard ratio (HR) 3.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26 – 8.87, p = 0.016; ctDNA, HR 4.29, 95% CI 2.06 – 8.92, p < 0.0001). The presence of ctDNA before NAT did not affect the rate of recurrence-free survival. For patients with Her2(+) or TNBC, non-pCR breast cancer patients were associated with a trend of higher recurrence (p = 0.105). Advanced nodal status and ctDNA positivity after NAT were significant risk factors for recurrence (N2 – 3, HR 3.753, 95% CI 1.146 – 12.297, p = 0.029; ctDNA, HR 3.123, 95% CI 1.139 – 8.564, p = 0.027). Two patients who achieved a pCR had ctDNA positivity after NAT; one TNBC patient had hepatic metastases six months after surgery, and one Her2(+) breast cancer patient had brain metastasis 13 months after surgery.Conclusions:This study suggested that the presence of ctDNA after NAT is a robust marker for predicting relapse in stage II to III breast cancer patients.
Stewardship and administrative capacity in green public procurement in the Czech Republic: evidence from a large-N survey
Authors: Plaček Michal , Valentinov Vladislav , Campo Cristina del , Vaceková Gabriela , Ochrana František , Šumpiková Markéta 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The uptake of green public procurement in the Czech Republic is known to lag behind the European standards. We trace this condition back to the adverse effects of a specific type of decision-making tradeoff faced by the Czech public procurement officials, namely the tradeoff between stewardship and administrative compliance. The tradeoff means that public procurers are aware of, and seek to forestall, administrative risks and complications attendant on the conscientious non-perfunctory implementation of green public procurement.
Results
The overall result is that public procurers ultimately come to prioritize the contract criterion of the lowest price over ecological criteria. The existence of the tradeoff has been generally confirmed by the results of a unique large-N survey of more than 1,100 respondents from a group of local public officials and mayors in the Czech Republic.
Conclusion
We have found that the decision-making of Czech public procurers is affected by the tradeoff between stewardship and administrative compliance, which turn out to be mutually conflicting goals. On the one hand, many public procurers do possess stewardship motivation that shapes their positive attitude to GPP. On the other, they are painfully aware of, and seek to forestall, administrative risks and complications attendant on the conscientious, i.e., non-perfunctory, implementation of GPP.
A Cross-sectional Analysis of Kogi State Residents' Knowledge and Perceptions on COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mofolorunsho Taiye Babatunde , Mofolorunsho Kehinde Charles , Owoyemi Julius Olugbenga , Oloruntoba Olowonibi Olabisi , Boluromi Sunday Samuel , Mikail Latifat Iyabode Mojisola , Onoja Joseph Ajogwu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Coupled with the outbreak of Covid-19 in Nigeria, there has been a controversial trailing of the Covid-19 incidence in Kogi State involving the state authorities and the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). Giving the importance of appropriate awareness and the perceptions to curbing the spread of the disease, this study aimed at assessing the knowledge, perception and precautionary measures of Kogi state residents in response to the outbreak of Covid-19. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among 401 residents in Kogi State Nigeria, with a structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequencies and Simple percentage in tables. Findings revealed that all the participants were aware of and had basic knowledge about Covid-19. The study participants had ample knowledge about the required preventive measures and how to protect themselves from Covid-19. It was also revealed that 45.2% of the respondents were conversant with the practice of three to more of the precautionary guidelines for preventing Covid-19. The study also found that a significant number of the respondents held a very low risk perception of Covid-19 by expressing an unlikely probability of getting infected by the virus. As regards skepticism and belief on coronavirus, 45.9% believed that Covid-19 is a hoax which was invented by interest groups for financial gains; 46.1% opined that the number of people reported by the NCDC as infected by the coronavirus in Nigeria is exaggerated. Again, 33.7% of the respondents believed that the second wave of the Covid-19 in Nigeria was a scam. The main source of Covid-19 information utilized by majority of the respondents was from Television programmes (34.2%) and Whatsapp (31.9%) platforms. The study concluded that while there was a high level of awareness of Covid-19 among residents of Kogi State and a remarkable level of precautionary practices against the spread of the Covid-19 virus, there are however, indications of misconceptions and misinformation that breeds skepticism and belief that may be detrimental to curbing effectively, the spread of the Covid-19 virus within the state
Deep Neural Network Based Real Time Multi-Class Arrhythmia Classification in IoT-Cloud Platform
Authors: A AKHILA NAZ K , Jeena R S , Niyas P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An arrhythmia is a condition which represents irregular beating of the heart, beating of the heart too fast, too slow, or too early compared to a normal heartbeat. Diagnosis of various cardiac conditions can be done by the proper analysis, detection, and classification of life-threatening arrhythmia. Computer aided automatic detection can provide accurate and fast results when compared with manual processing. This paper proposes a reliable and novel arrhythmia classification approach using deep learning. A Deep Neural Network (DNN) with three hidden layers has been developed for arrhythmia classification using MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The network classifies the input ECG signals into six groups: normal heartbeat and five arrhythmia classes. The proposed model was found to be very promising with an accuracy of 99.45 percent. The real time signal classification and the application of internet of things (IOT) are the other highlights of the work.
An Optimal Control Problem of Chemotherapy In Presence of Gene and Immunotherapy
Authors: dehingia kaushik 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, a cancer eradication model involving effector cells in the presence of gene therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy has been proposed. Boundedness and positiveness of the solutions in the respective feasible domains of the proposed model are verified. Conditions for which the equilibrium points of the system are stable have been derived. Amounts of immunotherapy to be injected to a patient for eradication of cancerous tumor cells have been found. To minimize the chemotherapy drug-induced toxicity to the patient, an optimal control problem for the system has been constructed and solved. Numerical and graphical results have been presented. Through the investigation, it was seen that tumor cells can be eliminated in a specific time interval with the control of chemotherapeutic drug concentration.
Physicochemical aspects of creating wood-based panels of low combustibility
Authors: Леонович А.А. 
Published: June 2021

С использованием концепций ингибирования горения древесного комплекса и образования древесных плит при горячем прессовании излагается авторское представление об основных аспектах создания плит пониженной горючести. Приводятся подходы к решению проблемы, раскрываются функции эффективных антипиренов, в том числе в их закрепляемости в древесных компонентах, температурном интервале активации, вариабельности кислотности среды. Анализируются параметры результатов испытания для оценки эффективности фосфорсодержащих антипиренов для древесных композиционных материалов (древесностружечных, древесноволокнистых и других). Предлагается развитие результата в направлении «сильного» решения и саморецензирование научного исследования.
Using the concepts of inhibition of the combustion of a wood complex and the formation of wood-based panels during hot pressing, the author's idea of the main aspects of creating plates of reduced combustibility is presented. Approaches to solving the problem are given, the functions of effective fire retardants are revealed, including their fixation in wood components, the temperature range of activation, and the variability of the acidity of the medium. The parameters of the test results are analyzed to assess the effectiveness of phosphorus-containing fire retardants for wood composite materials (wood partcle board, fiberboard end other). The development of the result in the direction of a "strong" solution and self-review of scientific research is proposed.
Obtaining hydrogels of technical lignins
Authors: Евстигнеев Э.И. , Гриненко Е.В. , Васильев А.В. 
Published: June 2021

Методами потенциометрического титрования, ИК-спектроскопии, твердофазной ЯМР-спектроскопии 13С и химического анализа исследовано
гелеобразование технических лигнинов (окисленного гидролизного, сульфатного, натронного и лигносульфонатов) и лигнина Пеппера при взаимодействии с солями металлов: CaCl2, Mg(NO3)2,FeSO4, Co(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, CuSO4, AgNO3. Установлено, что способностью к гелеобразованию обладают соединения, представляющие собой соли слабого основания и сильной кислоты; катион металла имеет стандартный потенциал выше определенного значения, обладает умеренной способностью к гидролизу, а гидроксид катиона, образующийся в реакции гидролиза, имеет относительно низкую растворимость. При формировании геля образуется соединение состава R–COO–Mez+–OOC–R z = 2,3. Предложена схема межмолекулярных связей в точке образования гидрогеля лигнина, в соответствии с которой смежные молекулы лигнина связываются между собой тремя типами связей: ионной между карбоксильными группами лигнина и катионами металла, координационной между катионами металла и молекулами воды, входящими в координационную сферу; и водородными, связывающими все компоненты системы в единое целое. Гидрогели лигнина обладают высокой сорбционной способностью по отношению к тяжелым металлам, таким как свинец, железо и медь, составляющей в зависимости от содержания кислых групп в лигнине и молярной массы сорбата ~ 25–50% от массы лигнина. Это открывает возможность использовать новый вид гидрогелей лигнина для очистки сточных вод химических предприятий.
Potentiometric titration, IR-spectroscopy of 13C solid-state NMR spectroscopy, and chemical analysis were used to study the gelation of technical lignins (oxidized hydrolysis, Kraft, sodium, and lignosulfonates) and Pepper lignin in interaction with metal salts: CaCl2, Mg(NO3)2,FeSO4, Co(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, CuSO4, AgNO3. It has been established that compounds that are salts of a weak base and a strong acid have the ability to gelation; the metal cation has a standard potential above a certain value, has moderate hydrolysis ability, and the cation hydroxide formed in the hydrolysis reaction has a relatively low solubility. During gel formation, a compound of the composition R–COO–Mez+–OOC–R z = 2,3 is formed. A scheme of intermolecular bonds at the point of lignin hydrogel formation is proposed, according to which adjacent lignin molecules bind to each other by three types of bonds: ionic between carboxyl groups of lignin and metal cations, coordination between metal cations and water molecules included in the coordination sphere, and hydrogen connecting all the components of the system into a single whole. Lignin hydrogels have a high sorption ability with respect to heavy metals such as lead, iron and copper, which, depending on the content of acid groups in lignin and the molar mass of the sorbate, is ~ 25–50% by weight of lignin. This opens up the possibility of using a new type of lignin hydrogels for wastewater treatment of chemical plants.
Implementation of groundwater protection measures, particularly resource-directed measures in South Africa: a review paper
Authors: Pienaar H. , Xu Y. , Braune E. , Cao J. , Dzikiti S. , Jovanovic N. Z. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This review paper on groundwater protection measures in South Africa focuses on the actual implementation of groundwater protection measures, in particular, the resource-directed measures (RDM) as described in Chapter 3 of the National Water Act (NWA). Significant catchment-wide implementation of RDM has taken place in a phased manner throughout various catchments since 2012. By 2015, approximately R380 million had been expended on the catchment-wide implementation of the water resource protection measures over a period of 15 years. Considerable effort went into refining the RDM methodology, taking into account the groundwater component of the overall resource. In this paper, we contend that RDM, in its present form, will not make a significant contribution to groundwater resource protection and security in the country. This is a major concern because the Groundwater Strategy of the Department of Human Settlements, Water and Sanitation (DHSWS) had declared the protection of groundwater as a national priority. This paper also examines institutional and governance arrangements (or lack thereof) as well as providing recommendations to support the effective implementation of groundwater protection provisions as prescribed by South Africa's water legislation.
Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width Correlate with Microvascular Complications in Egyptian People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: MI Abd El-Ghany , Abdallah Nahed , Eldars Waleed 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Type 2 diabetes is a part of metabolic syndrome associated with a higher
risk of vascular complications. Diabetes is characterized by changes in platelet morphology, function,
and platelet hyperactivity so, it's considered a prothrombotic condition. Morbidity and mortality
in people with type 2 diabetes-related to micro and macrovascular complications. Novel biomarkers
are needed to identify and treat people at higher risk.

Objective:
The main objective of this controlled cross-sectional study was to evaluate Platelet volume
indices (PVI) in subjects with type 2 diabetes with and without complications in comparison
to subjects without diabetes.

Methods:
Hundred and thirty-five subjects aged from 35 to 60 years were subdivided into 3
groups. Group A includes 55 subjects with type 2 diabetes with complications. Group B includes
45 subjects with type 2 diabetes without complications. Group C includes 35 normal healthy subjects.
Detailed clinical history was taken. Also, PVI, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin
A1c, and creatinine were obtained.

Results:
Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT), and
Platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) were significantly higher among subjects with retinopathy, nephropathy,
and neuropathy than other subjects with diabetes who didn't develop complications
(P<0.001). At cutoff value > 11.9 fL, MPV have diagnostic sensitivity 80% and specificity 97.8%.
Whereas PDW >16.9fL has a sensitivity of 74.5% and specificity of 100% for diabetic microvascular
complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy).

Conclusion:
MPV and PDW may be considered as possible biomarkers for the early detection of
diabetic microvascular complications.
Intracranial Cisternal Lipoma Associated with Cerebellar Cortical Dysplasia Diagnosed Using Dixon Technique: A Case Report and a Review of Literature
Authors: Hwang Minhee , Park Hyun , Baek Hye Jin , Ryu Kyeong Hwa , Cho Eun , Yoon Seokho 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Intracranial lipomas are very rare congenital malformations. Previous
studies have shown various brain anomalies related to intracranial lipomas, most of which are agenesis
or dysgenesis of the adjacent structures. To the best of our knowledge, cortical dysplasia related
to intracranial lipoma has yet to be reported.

Case Report:
We present a rare case of intracranial lipoma in the quadrigeminal and superior cerebellar
cisterns with combined cerebellar cortical dysplasia. A 43-year-old female underwent brain
MRI to identify possible cause of headache. We made a confident diagnosis based on MR findings
using Dixon technique, which is a fat-water separation method based on chemical shift. We also
identified unique combined abnormalities of the right cerebellar hemisphere near the cisternal lipoma
that showed an abnormal vertical orientation of the cerebellar folia and disorganized parenchymal
pattern.

Conclusion:
This case exhibits the rareness of the intracranial lipoma related cerebellar cortical
dysplasia by reviewing relevant literature and also highlights the usefulness of Dixon techniques in
daily clinical practice.