bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colon Crypts of Subjects With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Show an Increased Number of LGR5+ Ectopic Stem Cells
Authors: Jennelle Lucas T. , Dampier Christopher H. , Tring Stephanie , Powell Steven , Casey Graham 
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome characterized by accelerated adenoma development due to inherited (or de novo) mutations in the APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway (APC) gene. The mechanism underlying this accelerated polyp development in subjects with FAP has not been defined. Given that LGR5+ stem cells drive crypt cell proliferation, we hypothesized that FAP crypts would demonstrate aberrant leucine-rich repeat–containing G-protein–coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) staining patterns.

METHODS:
Biopsies were taken from 11 healthy subjects, 7 subjects with Lynch syndrome, 4 subjects with FAP, and 1 subject with MUTYH-associated polyposis syndrome during routine screening or surveillance colonoscopy. Crypt staining was evaluated by immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Stem cell numbers were estimated by immunofluorescence staining of isolated crypts using antibodies against LGR5 and other proteins.

RESULTS:
Subjects with FAP exhibited a greater number of LGR5+ stem cells in their crypts than healthy subjects and subjects with Lynch syndrome and MUTYH-associated polyposis syndrome. Most crypts of subjects with FAP harbored LGR5+ cells located above the lower third of the crypts.

DISCUSSION:
These findings support a model in which inactivation of one copy of APC leads to increased numbers of LGR5+ stem cells, many of which are ectopic, in colon crypts of subjects with FAP. Overabundant and ectopic LGR5+ stem cells could lead to an expanded proliferative zone of dividing cells more likely to develop mutations that would contribute to the accelerated adenoma development observed in FAP.

JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202105000-00014/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-30T172634Z/r/image-tiff
The Correlation between Perceived Social Support with Suicide Ideation
Authors: Kusumastuti Prima , Jusup Innawati , Fitrikasari Alifiati , Hadiati Titis 
Published: May 2021

Background: Based on data from WHO in 2015, it shows that the death rate due to suicide in the world was recorded to have increased by 23.2% compared to 2009. Research in 2016 shows that the largest age range who experienced suicide was from 15-29 years. Many things are predicted to be a protective factor against suicide, including social support. Research on suicide protection factors is useful in preventing the increasing number of suicides.Objective: To analyze the correlation between perceived social support with suicidal ideationMethods: This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional design. Samples were taken from vocational school and academy in Semarang, who met the inclusion and exclusion criterias. The sample selection was carried out by the simple random sampling method. This research used the Indonesian version of the SSI (Scale of Suicide Ideation) and the MSPSS (Multidimentional Scale of Perceived Social Support) questionnaires.Results: It was found that the prevalence of high suicidal ideation score was 50.8% while the low suicidal ideation score was 49.2%. There was a significant correlation between suicidal ideation with perceived of family support (p = 0.002) and peer support (p = 0.050). Meanwhile, there was no significant correlation between the suicidal ideation and the support from significant others (p = 0.154). Conclusion: There was a correlation between perceived of family and peer support with suicidal ideation
5th International Meeting of Early-stage Researchers in Palaeontology
Authors: Spiridonov Andrej , Dankina Darja , Daumantas Liudas 
Published: May 2021

The International Meetings of Early-stage Researchers in Palaeontology (IMERP) are aimed at early-stage palaeontologists, from undergraduate students to recent post-doctoral researchers. Geologists, biologists or any scientist with research topics related to palaeontology, as well as palaeoartists, are also welcome.
The IMERP has two main objectives:
To provide a friendly environment for early-stage researchers to present their research through oral or poster presentations and follow each other’s progress.
To share new methods and ideas useful in palaeontology, and develop the skills of the attendees with the help of leading experts, invited to give lectures about their fields.
The IMERPs are usually held in villages or towns located in countryside areas of geological interest. This way the meeting can be held in a closer and more friendly environment, as well as help to the dissemination of the regional natural heritage among the local population. A field trip to this paleontological and geological heritage is offered to the meeting participants.
After the 1st IMERP in 2016, the 2nd IMERP was held in Sigri (Lesbos, Greece) in 2017, the 3rd IMERP in Krasiejów (Opole, Poland) in 2018, and the 4th in Cuenca (Spain) in 2019
Characterization of the biodegradation of synthetic and organic wastewater in an anaerobic tank reactor using microalgae
Authors: Magyar Tamás , Werle Vogel Felipe , Tóth Florence , Nagy Attila , Tamás János , Nagy Péter Tamás 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe anaerobic digestion is a well-known method in waste management of biodegradable wastes to transform waste to energy. Proper digestion requires optimal fermentation conditions to improve the quality and yield of biogas.The objective of this study was to characterize the biodegradation process of synthetic and organic wastewater. Microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) were utilized as a bioindicator for anaerobic digestion and monitoring of the fermentation process. Besides bioindication, the viability of the microalgae and the chlorophyll concentration were also assessed in such fermentation processes, since microalgae can be a potential source for biofuel production and a plant nutrient.The biodegradation process was studied for a month in an anaerobic tank reactor. The fermentation processes and lengths of the fermentation stages were successfully monitored and separately identified based on the pH and gas development. Furthermore, the amount and dynamics of the biogas yield also revealed that the fermentation process was about 510 hours in both cases. In contrast, increased temperature in thermophilic range (45°C) accelerates the degradation processes and resulted in shorter hydrolysis (60 hours), acetogenesis (24 hours) and longer methanogenesis (81 hours) stages, where higher biogas yield was also achieved (59.3%). During the process, the concentration of nutrients showed logarithmical tendencies and COD showed power tendency in time. The extent and the direction of the changes were in correspondence with microalgae activity. In thermophilic circumstances, living microalgae biomass dropped significantly without recovery therefore such an environment is not a viable option for microalgae growth. Moreover, dead microalgae biomass seems to act as a substrate for fermentation slightly increasing the concentration of some nutrients in the wastewater.
Sliding mode control of a servo system in LabVIEW: Comparing different control methods
Authors: Kiss János Máté , Szemes Péter Tamás , Aradi Petra 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe main contribution of this paper is to present the efficiency of LabVIEW in simulating and controlling a servo system with conventional methods (PI and PID control), as well as sliding mode control (SMC). The control of an actual system with LabVIEW and NI hardware provides an efficient implementation platform, using both LabVIEW’s graphical programming and the text-based m-file language MathScript RT. Both programming environments and the connection to NI hardware are relatively easy to use, therefore, ideal for education. The graphical “coding” can help novice users to see through their algorithms. However, the mathematical background of sliding mode control is difficult compared to conventional PID control; the SMC implementation for practical uses can be quite simple, as the presented example demonstrates. The first didactic step is a simulation with the Control Design and Simulation, as well as MathScript RT Modules. Then a myRIO Student Embedded Device is used to control a real servo system. LabVIEW code can be compiled to run on computers, (soft) real-time targets, and FPGAs (hard real-time targets), so students can easily and quickly step up to real industrial measurement and control problems without the need to learn new programming environments.
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL AND ELECTROACOUSTIC ASSESSMENT OF HEARING IN INDIVIDUALS WITH NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 1
Authors: Fontanelli Raquel , Fernandes Nathalia , Silva Gabriela , Aragão Marcelo , Pinho Ricardo , Gil Daniela 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundType 1 neurofibromatosis occurs in 1 in every 3,000 individuals, representing 90% of cases of neurofibromatosis. Hearing impairments are not commonly described as an alteration resulting from the pathology; however, sensorineural hearing losses with retrocochlear characteristics may occur as a result of the presence of acoustic neurinomas.ObjectivesTo assess the electrophysiological and electroacoustic hearing characteristics of individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1.Material and methodsWe assessed 15 patients, 10 females and 5 males, aged between 9 and 31 years, using the following procedures: pure tone audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions, and brainstem auditory evoked potentials.ResultsAll individuals presented auditory thresholds within normal limits. The mean amplitude of the general responses of otoacoustic emissions in the right and left ears were 11.8 and 12.8 dB, respectively; the suppression effect of otoacoustic emissions was present in 73.3% for the right ear and 66.7% for the left. For brainstem auditory evoked potentials, we obtained mean wave latencies for the right and left ears respectively of wave I: 1.83 and 1.80 ms, III: 4.08 and 4.15 ms, and V: 5.96 and 6.09 ms.ConclusionsIndividuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 present auditory thresholds within normal limits, present transient otoacoustic emissions, the nonsystematic presence of the suppression effect of otoacoustic emissions and prolonged latencies in brainstem auditory evoked potentials.
Obsesif kompulsif bozuklukta serum doğal antioksidan düzeyleri
Authors: DEMİR Bahadır , GÜMÜŞLÜ Aslıhan , ŞAHİN Şengül , ELBOGA Gulcin , ALTINDAĞ Abdurrahman 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) hastalarında ürik asit, albümin, total bilirubin ve gamma glutamil transferaz (GGT) gibi serumda ölçülebilen oksidatif stres ile ilişkili basit laboratuvar parametrelerini sağlıklı kontroller ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Gaziantep Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Psikiyatri polikliniğinde DSM-5 kriterlerine göre OKB tanısı ile tedavi edilen hastalar alınmıştır. OKB tanısı konulan 117 hasta ve hasta grubu ile demografik veriler ile eşleşebilecek 80 kişi sağlıklı kontrol grubu olarak alındı. Hasta ve kontrol grubu serum ürik asit, albümin, total bilirubin ve GGT açısından karşılaştırıldı. Hastaların klinik özellikleri Yale Brown Obsesyon Kompulsiyon Ölçeği (Y-BOCS) ve Klinik Global İzlenim Şiddet Ölçeği (KGI-S) ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Hasta grubu yaş ortalaması 36.68±13.06 iken kontrol grubunun 35.54±8.82’di. Total bilirubin düzeyine bakıldığında hasta grubunda 0.69±2.19 mg/dL ve kontrol grubunda 0.63±0.47 mg/dL olmakla birlikte gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık vardı. GGT düzeyi hasta grubunda 22.85±15.80 U/L ve kontrol grubunda ise 19.29±11.52 U/L olmakla birlikte gruplar arasında anlamlı fark yoktu.
Sonuç: Hastalar bilirubin dışında doğal antioksidan açısından kontrollerden farklı değildi. Çalışmamızdaki bulgular OKB ile ürik asit, albümin ve GGT arasında nedensel bir ilişki olduğunu desteklememektedir.
Yağ doku kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin ve koşullu besiyerinin deneysel prematür over yetmezliği modeli üzerine etkileri
Authors: ŞEN HALICIOĞLU Büşra , TUĞLU Mehmet İbrahim 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Kemoterapi kaynaklı prematür over yetmezliği (POY) tedavisi için önerilebilecek yağ doku mezenkimal kök hücreleri (YDMKH) ve bu hücrelerden elde edilmiş koşullu besiyerinin (KB) oksidatif stres ve apoptoz üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Wistar albino cinsi erişkin dişi sıçanlar 4 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol, POY, POY+YDMKH, POY+KB. Ovaryumda histopatolojik değerlendirmeler için H&E boyamaları yapıldı ve tüm ovaryum folilkülleri sayıldı. Oksidatif stres ve apoptoz belirteci olarak iNOS ve Caspase3 ekspresyonları immunohistokimyasal olarak gösterildi.
Bulgular: Analizler sonucu POY grubu ovaryumlarında foliküller hücre dejenerasyonları, vakuolizasyon, gibi dejenerasyonlar gözlenirken, YDMKH ve KB gruplarında bu dejenerasyonlarda anlamlı azalmalar görüldü. POY grubunda artmış olan iNOS ve Caspase3 ekspresyonları YDMKH ve KB gruplarının her ikisinde de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde azaldı.
Sonuç: Rejeneratif tıp alanında her geçen gün kullanımı artan mezenkimal kök hücrelerin ve hücresiz koşullu besiyerinin prematür over yetmezliğinde hastalığın temel mekanizmalarından olan apoptoz ve oksidatif stresin azaltılması yoluyla, POY için alternatif bir tedavi stratejisi olabileceği gösterildi.
Evaluation of outpatient cancer patients’ use of nonpharmacological methods in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
Authors: ERGİN Eda , SAĞKAL MİDİLLİ Tülay , AKDAĞ Eda , KIRGÖZ Ceyda 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate nonpharmacological methods in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by outpatient cancer patients.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the outpatient chemotherapy unit of Hafsa Sultan Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, with 251 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The study data were collected using the Patient Information Form and the Nausea Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
Results: Of the patients, 88% (n=221) experienced nausea and vomiting before chemotherapy. The mean score of these patients from the VAS was moderate (5.24 ± 1.84). Of the patients, 82.1% (n=206) used nonpharmacological methods to prevent nausea and vomiting. According to their statements, of the patients who used nonpharmacological methods, 83.5% (n = 172) took hot and cold showers, 50.5% (n = 104) drank herbal teas, 35% (n = 72) had massage.
Conclusion: The severity of nausea was moderate. Most of the patients used nonpharmacological methods. Of these methods, the one used most frequently was taking hot and cold showers. It is recommended that nurses should guide and encourage patients to use evidence-based nonpharmacological methods.
The relationship of the digit ratio (2D:4D) with body fat distribution and handgrip strength in medical students
Authors: AÇAR Gülay , DİGİLLİ Betül , SAĞLAM Abdulselam , ÇİÇEKCİBAŞI Aynur 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic trait, that may be a sign for prenatal testosterone level, which is significantly associated with handgrip strength (HGS) and sex-related body fat distribution. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the 2D:4D, HGS, and body fat distribution parameters in medical students.
Materials and Methods: A total of 253 participants (112 males, 141 females) were involved in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric parameters, including height and body weight, circumferences of arm, neck, waist, hip, HGS, the length of the second and fourth finger were measured. According to 2D:4D, the volunteers were divided into three groups (>1, =1, 1 was associated with lower HGS, while larger arm, neck, and waist circumferences were associated with higher HGS. Pearson correlation analysis showed that 2D:4D of both hands had a strong negative correlation with height, circumferences of arm and neck, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and HGS, whereas it was only positively correlated with body mass index. Right and left HGS were positively correlated with WHR, height, weight, circumferences of arm, neck, and waist.
Conclusion: 2D/4D makes a substantial contribution to our prediction of body fat distribution in terms of the relationship of 2D:4D
Erişkin akut gastroenterit olgularında etiyolojik ajanlar
Authors: İNAL Ayşe Seza , KİBAR Filiz , YAMAN Akgün , TAŞOVA Yeşim 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada akut gastroenteritler (AGE) nedeniyle başvuran erişkinlerin dışkı örneklerinde etiyolojik etkenlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, 7 aylık dönemde, günlük dışkı sıklığı 3 üzerinde olan ve belirtileri 14 günden kısa süren ve akut gastroenterit tanısıyla izlenen 110 erişkin hastanın dışkı örneklerinde bakteriyolojik, parazitolojik ve virolojik incelemeler yapılmıştır. Son 10 gün içinde antibiyotik kullanmış hastaların dışkılarında Clostridium difficile’ye ait Toksin A araştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Akut gastroenteritli 110 olgunun 59’u (%53,6) erkek, yaş ortalaması 36 (±14) idi. Hastaların %44,5’inde (n=49) akut gastroenterit etkeni olarak en az bir patojen saptanmış, ancak %55,5’inde herhangi bir etken gösterilememiştir. Dışkı örneklerinde saptanan etkenler sıklığa göre Entamoeba histolytica (%11,8), Shigella türleri (%10,9), rotavirus (%10,9), Giardia intestinalis (%5,4), Salmonella türleri (%2,7), Candida türleri (%2,7), enteropatojenik Escherichia coli (%0,9), Blastocystis hominis (%0,9), Clostridium difficile (%0,9) olarak sıralanmıştır. Hastaların üçünde (%2,7) birden fazla patojen tespit edilmiştir. Shigella türleri (n=12) arasında Shigella sonnei (n=6), Shigella flexneri (n=4) ve Shigella boydii (n=2), Salmonella türleri arasında Salmonella enteritidis (n=2) ve Salmonella arizonae (n=1) belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada AGE olgularının dışkı örneklerinin %44,5’inde patojen saptanmıştır. Etiyolojide en sık protozoa (%18,1), başta Shigella türleri olmak üzere bakteriler (%15,5) ve rotavirus (%10,9) belirlenmiştir. Erişkin AGE olgularının %65’inden daha büyük bölümünde tedavide antibiyotik gerekmediği kanaatine varılmıştır.
Solutions Journalism: Strategies for Effecting and Managing Change
Authors: Lowes Mark , Devereaux Ferguson Sherry 
Published: May 2021

The field of journalism is undergoing epic changes at this time. With the growing impact of social media and citizen journalism, among other trends, traditional schools of journalism face a need to re-examine their most fundamental premises. Historically journalists adopted a code of practice whereby the ideal news article focused on issues and problems of consequence to society, and reporters presented both sides of the case. The gold standard was balanced reporting that investigated and uncovered abuses in society, with the mantra being “if it bleeds, it leads.”. There was no added incentive or requirement to take responsibility for solving the problems they uncovered. While print media organizations faced a backlash of criticism following the era of “yellow journalism,” they did not confront the necessity to reorient the entire profession; rather they simply had to “clean up their act” and operationalize what they already knew and believed. Today, the situation is dramatically different—largely as a consequence of the rise of citizen journalism, the impact of social media, and the trend toward an introspective look at their profession by journalists themselves and by those who train the journalists. In this article, we look at the emerging focus on a phenomenon called solutions journalism. Solutions journalism differs in both form and intent from not only the traditional standard of reporting, which focuses on problems, but also “good news reporting,” which tends to be superficial and non-solution oriented. In an effort to understand the current push for a new direction in the journalism profession, we will look at the rise of the new paradigm, pioneers in solutions journalism, characteristics of solutions journalism, and the theoretical foundations of solutions journalism. In exploring the latter point, we will examine the relationships among solutions journalism, social media, open source, systems, and open innovation theories.
Langue et identité chez les joueurs franco-ontariens
Authors: Legault-Thivierge Geoffroy , Ross Philippe 
Published: May 2021

Plusieurs recherches au fil des ans se sont penchées sur la consommation médiatique des Franco-Ontariens et les enjeux qui y sont reliés, notamment celui de la préservation de la langue française et de l’identité francophone dans un contexte minoritaire. La situation mérite une attention renouvelée aujourd’hui, vu la place qu’occupent le jeu vidéo et les pratiques de communication qui l’accompagnent dans le paysage médiatique. Notre objectif dans cet article est double : dresser un portrait actuel des usages et pratiques des jeunes Franco-Ontariens autour du jeu vidéo, et en explorer l’incidence sur les dynamiques linguistiques et identitaires. Notre recherche s’inspire de la sociologie des usages et mobilise deux méthodes : un sondage sous forme de questionnaire en ligne auquel ont répondu 33 joueurs franco-ontariens âgés de 18 à 22 ans; et des entretiens semi-dirigés réalisés auprès de six de ces derniers. L’analyse révèle que les joueurs franco-ontariens continuent de favoriser l’anglais dans leur consommation médiatique et que cette tendance vaut aussi pour le jeu vidéo, notamment en ce qui a trait aux aspects matériels, à la communication en situation de jeu, ainsi qu’à la consommation et à la production de contenus connexes. Les joueurs franco-ontariens attribuent par ailleurs au jeu vidéo une amélioration de leurs compétences en anglais et ils s’identifient davantage au terme « bilingue » que « francophone ».
Feasibility of concentrating potassium minerals from Verdete ore by cell flotation
Authors: Cordeiro Laryssa Batista Christina , Oliveira Michelly dos Santos , De Oliveira Kátia Dionísio , Barrozo Marcos Antônio de Souza , De Ávila Neto Cícero Naves 
Published: May 2021

A silicate ore with K2O content above 10%, found in the central region of Minas Gerais (Brazil), called Verdete, was floated in flotation cell. The goal was to evaluate the flotation behaviour of the ore constituents (glauconite, muscovite, K-feldspar and quartz) relative to the use of different collectors (fatty acid soap obtained from rice oil, amine and oleic acid) and depressors (gelatinized cornstarch and sodium silicate). Flotation of the calcination products of Verdete with MgCl2 and CaCl2 were also evaluated. Mass recovery of flotation carried out with Verdete reached a maximum of 53% when amine and sodium silicate were used as collector and depressant, respectively. Mass recovery was directly proportional to collector dosage, and was also influenced by the type of depressor. Calcination of Verdete with MgCl2?xH2O partially consumed the micas and generated MgO. Flotation of this calcination product concentrated MgO in the floated fraction, reaching 93% when oleic acid was used as collector.