bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Renal Blood Flow Autoregulation in Two-Kidney, One-Clip Hypertensive Rats Is Caused by Enhanced Activity of Nitric Oxide
Authors: TURKSTRA ERIKA , BRAAM BRANKO , KOOMANS HEIN A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract.
Increases in renal perfusion pressure will induce shear stress-mediated nitric oxide (NO) release, which could oppose autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF). Although cardiac, cerebral, and mesenteric autoregulation is enhanced during nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibition, this has not been reported for renal autoregulation of blood flow. In the present study, the lower limit and efficiency of RBF autoregulation (as assessed by the degree of compensation) were studied before and during NO inhibition in normotensive Sprague Dawley rats (control; n = 9) and in the non-clipped kidney of two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive animals (2K1C; n = 9; 3 wk; 0.25-mm silver clip). In both groups, renal autoregulation curves were obtained before and during infusion of N
G -nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) (bolus 1.5 mg/kg intravenously, infusion 10 μg/kg per min intravenously), using a transit-time flow probe around the left renal artery. In control rats, mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased, RBF decreased, and renal vascular resistance (RVR) increased in response to L-NNA infusion. The lower limit of autoregulation in control animals did not significantly change during L-NNA infusion (78 ± 3 to 70 ± 2 mmHg). The degree of compensation in these rats slightly increased during L-NNA infusion, however, this was only significant below 90 mmHg. The 2K1C rats had elevated MAP under baseline conditions. L-NNA infusion resulted in a decrease in RBF and an increase in MAP and RVR. During L-NNA infusion, RVR in 2K1C rats greatly exceeded RVR in control rats. A significant decrease was observed in the lower limit of autoregulation from 85 ± 3 to 72 ± 5 mmHg (P < 0.05). In the contralateral kidney of 2K1C rats, the degree of compensation was lower than in control rats under baseline conditions. L-NNA infusion resulted in significantly higher degrees of compensation compared to baseline. In conclusion, the contralateral kidney displayed a high NO dependency, as RBF greatly decreased and RVR dramatically increased in response to L-NNA infusion. The contralateral kidney of 2K1C rats exhibited impaired RBF autoregulation, which was improved by NO inhibition, as judged from a decrease in the lower limit of autoregulation and an increase in the degree of compensation. This study indicates that perfusion pressure-dependent NO release can oppose autoregulation in the kidney. However, the enhanced influence of NO on pressure-dependent RBF may facilitate the preservation of renal function in the nonclipped kidney of 2K1C rats.
Cognitive Awareness of the EFL Learner of Contrastive Linguistics Between English and Arabic: A Case Study
Authors: Hashmi Uzma M , Rajab Hussam , Shah Sayyed Rashid Ali 
Published: May 2021

Corpus-based contrastive linguistics has rarely been thoroughly explored with regards to cognitive awareness of the English as a Foreign Language (EFL), Arabic first language (L1) speaking learners. The current study, based on an intervention, quasi-experimental quantitative research design, aims at presenting a pedagogical implementation of learners’ awareness driven instructions on contrastive linguistics between English and Arabic languages interchangeably. A purposefully selected sample of 69 beginner level (A1 CEFR) Saudi EFL learners were placed into an experimental group (n = 35) and a control group (n = 34). Learners in the experimental group were exposed to four grammatical contrastive linguistics criteria (between English and Arabic) over a 14-weeks semester duration, and the control group underwent a normal taught course with no intervention over the same teaching duration. Both groups were assessed via purposefully designed, 20-items grammar test before and after the 14-weeks duration. The gathered data was analysed with one sample and independent samples t-tests. The analysis revealed the outperformance of the experimental group compared to the control group in all four grammatical contrastive linguistics criteria. The study concludes with pedagogical implications on the principle of utilising contrastive linguistics as a pedagogical tool in an EFL context.
An Investigation Into the Implementation and Selection of Literary Texts to Teach Reading Skills in EFL Classes: The Case of Preparatory Schools in Awi Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Belete Netsanet Haymanot , Mussa Sualih 
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the selection and implementation of literary texts for teaching of reading skills in English as a foreign language classes in preparatory schools in Ethiopia. In doing so, descriptive survey design was employed. To collect data, observation, questionnaire, interview and text analysis were used as data collection tools. Using simple random sampling technique, 30 grade 11 English teachers for questionnaire and 6 teachers for observation and interview were selected. Text analysis was also used to evaluate the suitability of literary texts. The study revealed that literary texts designed in grade 11 English textbook are not suitable for the students’ age, interest, cultural background, social background, linguistic proficiency and literacy background. The reading tasks have almost no pre-reading activities, some while-reading activities and plenty of post-reading activities which are not well designed. Besides, EFL teachers perceived that literary texts are important to facilitate the students’ reading classes but they were limited in using literary texts meaningfully. The study also revealed that difficulty level of literary texts, unfamiliarity of the cultures from texts, lack of interest, lack of reading experience and students’ limited vocabulary were the major difficulties that hindered the proper use of literary texts in reading lessons.
A mudança climática global na perspectiva dos professores de ciências naturais e as potencialidades para a educação ambiental
Authors: De Oliveira Tozato Mariana , Andrade Torales Campos Marília 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a mudança climática global no contexto escolar. Os dados foram coletados com um grupo de professores da rede pública do município de Curitiba/PR (Brasil). A pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar a relação que os professores de Ciências Naturais do 6º e 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental constroem entre conteúdos de sua disciplina (efeito estufa, camada de ozônio, dióxido de carbono) e a mudança climática global, considerando o potencial que estes conteúdos possuem para realização de ações no campo da Educação Ambiental. Assim, definiu-se na base teórica o apoio de autores como: Artaxo (2014), González-Gaudiano e Meira-Cartea (2009) e Teixeira e Torales (2014). Adotou-se a metodologia qualitativa, com a coleta de dados feita por meio da realização de entrevista com os professores. Na análise dos dados percebeu-se que os participantes relacionavam os conteúdos que ministram com a mudança climática global, embora sem articulação com as demais áreas do conhecimento, o que restringe a interpretação do fenômeno que caracteriza-se como complexo, híbrido e requer um esforço interdisciplinar para sua compreensão.
Crianças com NEE, Ensino Experimental das Ciências e Educação Ambiental: perspetiva integradora
Authors: Sousa Cátia , Pinto dos Santos Olga María , Oliveira Mario 
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem como finalidade dar a conhecer algumas atividades desenvolvidas com alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE), pertencentes a uma turma de 1.º ano de escolaridade, recorrendo à metodologia enformada pelo Ensino Experimental das Ciências e a temáticas ambientais pertinentes, como, por exemplo, a utilização da água enquanto recurso cada vez mais escasso, domínio em que a Educação Ambiental se revela preponderante. Pretende-se que os alunos com NEE sejam cidadãos o mais autónomos e interventivos possível, numa sociedade cada vez mais complexa e consumista, onde as escolhas de todos em geral, e de cada um em particular, poderão fazer a diferença em termos de utilização racional e sustentável de recursos escassos e ameaçados pela má gestão do ser humano. Uma escola inclusiva tem a função, enquanto instituição, de criar condições para que todos os alunos aprendam juntos, independentemente das dificuldades e das diferenças, tal como preconizado pela Declaração de Salamanca. Sendo a temática da água um conteúdo curricular de abordagem obrigatória para todos os alunos, foi elaborado um conjunto de atividades práticas e experimentais com o intuito de os ajudar a tomar consciência da importância da correta gestão da água e do envolvimento de todos para alcançar tal propósito. Na sequência da participação dos alunos nestas atividades, verificou-se que conseguiram fazer conexões com outras realidades relacionadas com a temática, extrapolando para situações do quotidiano.
eSport como factor económico
Authors: Vargas-Olarte Carlos Eduardo 
Published: May 2021

En el campo del entretenimiento deportivo, se presenta un hecho que es notorio debido a: 1. un crecimiento exponencial del número de practicantes, audiencias y aficionados 2. una alta rentabilidad de los negocios con perspectivas de un crecimiento significativo en los próximos años. Se trata del eSport (Deporte Electrónico), una actividad que no es reconocida como disciplina deportiva por el Comité Olímpico Internacional, debido a dos factores: 1. Al énfasis que se le coloca al movimiento físico como atributo principal para ser considerada una disciplina deportiva. 2. Al rechazo general de los contenidos de violencia, agresividad y destrucción de algunos juegos (e-Gaming). Este artículo se propone dimensionar la importancia del eSport como un factor económico consecuencia de haber desarrollado un producto lo suficientemente atractivo para la población joven que por lo general representan intereses que no están en pro de los deportistas, los aficionados y los diferentes grupos de interés. En el caso del eSport esta situación no afecta a los interesados quienes están dispuestos a seguir pagando para disfrutar de su entretenimiento.
Modelación hidrodinámica y de calidad del agua en un ecosistema estuarino urbano con incidencia maregráfica y vertimientos de aguas residuales
Authors: Munar-Samboní Andrés Mauricio , Méndez-Pedroza Nelly María 
Published: May 2021

El efecto del régimen de mareas y la descarga directa de aguas residuales en áreas estuarinas pueden incrementar los problemas de contaminación debido a la retención y transporte de cargas contaminantes. El uso de modelos matemáticos se ha convertido en una herramienta esencial para la gestión del recurso hídrico en estos ambientes. En esta investigación se modeló la incidencia del régimen de mareas y los vertimientos de aguas residuales en la calidad de agua en un ambiente estuarino urbano utilizando el modelo HEC-RAS. El modelo fue calibrado/validado utilizando el caudal medio de largo periodo (QMLT) y parámetros de calidad de agua medidos en campo, tales como: DBO, OD, N-O2 y N-O3. Los resultados evidenciaron que los niveles de agua, caudales y parámetros de calidad de agua medidos en campo fueron bien representados por el modelo. Las simulaciones mostraron que la calidad del agua en todos los trechos aguas abajo de la PTAR se encuentran eutrofizados. Adicionalmente, el régimen de marea provoca retención y transporte de contaminantes en áreas de baja pendiente. El abordaje propuesto se constituye en una valiosa herramienta para evaluar la calidad de agua en ambientes estuarinos urbanos y áreas circundantes con incidencia de régimen maregráfico.
Tantangan Optimalisasi Pengelolaan dan Akuntabilitas Wakaf (Studi Kasus di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)
Authors: Muhammad Rifqi , Sari Agestya Puspita 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze the problem of waqf management from the point of view of regulators, nazhir and wakif. The research object is the management of waqf in the Yogyakarta Special Province with respondents from the Department of Religion of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the Yogyakarta branch of the Al-Qur'an Waqf Board, and the wakif who are domiciled in Yogyakarta. The research approach uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the aim of formulating strategic solutions in the management of waqf. This study found that there are still many waqf that provide their waqf assets without going through an official waqf management institution. AHP's priority solutions include providing convenience to services for nazhir. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out intensive training for nazhir so that the management of waqf can be more optimal so as to increase public confidence in waqf in official waqf institutions. In addition, this study also recommends an increase in the accountability of waqf management. The accountability of waqf management can be realized in the form of periodic reports that are presented directly to the wakifs or through media in accordance with the local character of the community.Keywords: Accountability, Waqf Management, Analytic Hierarchy Process Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis masalah pengelolaan wakaf dari sudut pandang regulator, nazhir dan wakif. Obyek penelitian adalah pengelolaan wakaf di Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dengan responden dari Departemen Agama Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Nazhir Badan Wakaf Al-Qur’an cabang Yogyakarta, dan Wakif yang berdomisili di Yogyakarta. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan tujuan untuk merumuskan solusi yang strategis dalam pengelolaan wakaf. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa masih banyak wakif yang memberikan aset wakafnya tanpa melalui lembaga pengelola wakaf yang resmi. Prioritas solusi AHP antara lain dengan memberikan kemudahan layanan yang dilakukan nazhir. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pelatihan intensif bagi nazhir agar pengelolaan wakaf semakin optimal sehingga meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat untuk berwakaf pada lembaga wakaf resmi. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga merekomendasikan adanya peningkatan akuntabilitas pengelolaan wakaf. Akuntabilitas pengelolaan wakaf dapat diwujudkan dalam bentuk laporan berkala yang disajikan secara langsung kepada para wakif maupun melalui media yang sesuai dengan karakter lokal masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Akuntabilitas, Pengelolaan Wakaf, Analytic Hierarchy Process
Potensi dan Strategi Pengembangan Industri Sasirangan Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Rahmatullah Akhsanul 
Published: May 2021

Banjarmasin memiliki potensi strategis dalam menopang pertumbuhan ekonomi dan memiliki potensi yang sangat besar dalam menyumbang kontribusi Ekonomi dalam subsektor Industri Kerajinan Sasirangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : a) menganalisis rantai nilai industri kerajinan Sasirangan, b) menganalisis posisi strategis industri kerajinan Sasirangan, c) menganalisis strategi pemberdayaan industri kerajinan Sasirangan di Kota Banjarmasin. Data yang dipergunakan mencakup data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan 40 responden perajin Sasirangan di Kota Banjarmasin. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil integrasi VSA (Value Chain, SWOT, dan Analitical Hierarchy Process) yaitu : a) Rantai nilai kerajinan Kerajinan Sasirangan terdiri dari ; Pemasok, Produsen produk Kerajinan sasirangan, trader dan konsumen akhir. Kekurangan pasokan bahan baku kain bahan yang berasal dari pulau jawa dan modal. Sedangkan sisi hilir masih kurangnya dukungan Pemerintah dalam pemasaran produk dalam tingkat Nasional, b) Dari hasil analisis SWOT, Industri ini cukup kuat namun menghadapi tantangan yang besar, hasil ini mengindikasikan pada strategi peningkatan ketrampilan dan keahlian serta investasi untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kapasitas produksi untuk mencapai efisiensi, c) Hasil AHP diperoleh strategi pemasaran menjadi faktor prioritas yang menentukan prospek Kerajinan Sasirangan. Rekomendasi dari studi ini antara lain: a) Pengembangan program One Village One Product dalam hal ini Satu Kampung Sasirangan Satu Design Produk, b) Pengembangan klaster industri kerajinan Sasirangan, c) Pemerintah lebih komunikatif terkait regulasi pembiayaan bagi perajin, d) Membentuk lembaga keuangan dan asuransi dalam menunjang permodalan UMKM, e) Melibatkan perajin, komunitas kreatif dan para pelaku bisnis secara intensif dalam kegiatan promosi dan pameran melalui roadshow, digital marketing, website dan kerjasama pemerintah.
ANATOMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Cephalostachyum mannii (Gamble) STAPLETON – AN ENDEMIC SCRAMBLING BAMBOO OF NORTHEAST INDIA
Authors: Sharma Chaman Lal , Sharma Madhubala , Lamare Dahunirikitre M. , Wangkhem Mahesh , Pangging Govinda 
Published: May 2021

Cephalostachyum mannii is a tall, graceful scandent bamboo with solid culms. It is distributed in Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland states of Northeast India. The present study was carried out to investigate radial and vertical variations in anatomical and physical properties in the culms of this bamboo species. The mature culms (3-4 years old) were selected from forests of Amkassar Amlarem village, West Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya, India. The selected internodes of culms were radially divided into outer, middle and inner zones, and vertically bottom, middle and top positions. The vascular bundles were of Type II and well developed in middle zones of both bottom and middle positions. The number and size of vascular bundles increased from inner to outer zone and decreased from bottom to top. Vessel length and vessel diameter decreased both radially and vertically. Among fibre characteristics, fibre wall thickness increased, while fibre length, fibre diameter, and fibre lumen diameter decreased significantly in both radial and vertical directions. Among physical properties, density increased, and moisture content decreased in both radial and vertical directions. Radial shrinkage was higher than tangential shrinkage. Both radial and tangential shrinkage decreased significantly from bottom to top. The fibres were long, thick-walled and highly rigid, and the derived indices do not satisfy the requirement as a superior fibrous raw material for pulp and paper making. However, this bamboo species has the potential for making good quality handicrafts and basketry.
The bibliographical review as a research methodology
Authors: Ocaña-Fernández Yolvi , Fuster-Guillén Doris 
Published: May 2021

The bibliographic review article is a methodology of observational research, retrospective, systematica ,oriented to the selection, analysis, interpretation and discussion of theoretical positions, results and conclusions embodied in scientific articles disclosed in recent years on a topic of choice in order to obtain relevant information that contributes to the solution of problems. The purpose of the study was to explain the principles, importance, functions and phases or stages of the literature review article that provides university students and professionals with a methodological alternative in conducting research work. The methodology has revised scientific information dating from 1987 onwards, the cues were subjected to validity and reliability as provided by the information, the information derived from databases was considered: Scopus, Web of Science, among others. The principle of bibliographic narrative, conceptualization, quality indicators, review article steps such as the topic or title of the article of review, bibliographic search, organization of information and the writing of the article was explained. It is concluded that the bibliographic review article is a scientific article structure that is developed on the basis of an analysis of research related to a particular problem or information gap.
The expansion of the Universe may be an illusion created by Compton scattering of free electrons
Authors: Cheng GuanFeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The high-precision measurements of the Hubble parameter make the theory of cosmic expansion more and more confusing, which bolster the idea that new physics may be needed to explain the mismatch. The cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors. The expansion of the Universe may be just an illusion. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. This article proposes a theory: Free electron Compton scattering (FEC) produce the illusion of the Universe exponential expansion: FEC causes photons to redshift (FEC redshift), and the photon beam expands along the propagation direction, that is, the redshift factor is (1 + z); the beam length stretch factor (time dilation of the supernova curve) is (1 + z); the expansion factor of the beam volume is (1 + z)3, and FEC will not be blurred Distant galaxy. The reason for rejecting the “tired light” does not hold in FEC.
Long-term colonisation and propagule pressure of fish assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain
Authors: Bezerra Luis Artur Valões , Libralato Simone , Kubecka Jan , Padial Andre 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity in the Neotropical region. However, few studies have evaluated the mechanisms underlying the long-term establishment of fish propagules in aquatic environments. Here, we associated fish biomass, species richness, and proportion of non-native species (contamination index) to quantify propagule and colonisation pressures, and fish biodiversity (measured by the Kempton’s index) in lakes and rivers of the Parana River floodplain. We organised species into native and non-native assemblages sampled by gillnetting and beach seining in spatio-temporal gradients, seasonally, from 2000 to 2017. Native and non-native Kempton’s indices were inversely correlated, native extinctions occurred locally with non-native biotic differentiation in lakes, rivers, and ecosystem contamination. A constant propagule pressure resulted in an overwhelming biodiversity of non-natives at the end of the evaluated time series. Biotic resistance to introduction was not evidenced in our deterministic trends. The observed patterns agreed with previous studies highlighting native biotic homogenisation and species extinctions, depending on biological invasions, landscape connectivity, and riverine impoundments. Long-term propagule pressure and non-native fish colonisation were the drivers of biodiversity that led to the predominance of non-native over native assemblages in the Parana River floodplain.
A study on orderings based on fuzzy quasi- order relations
Authors: Chai Zhonglin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper further studies orderings based on fuzzy quasi-order relations using fuzzy graph. Firstly, a fuzzy relation on a finite set is represented equivalently by a fuzzy graph. Using the graph, some new results on fuzzy relations are derived. In ranking those alternatives, we usually obtain a quasi-order relation, which often has inconsistencies, so it cannot be used for orderings directly. We need to remake it into a reasonable partial order relation for orderings. This paper studies these inconsistencies, and divides them into two types: framework inconsistencies and degree inconsistencies. For the former, a reasonable and feasible method is presented to eliminate them. To eliminate the latter, the concept of complete partial order relation is presented, which is more suitable than partial order relation to rank the alternatives. A method to obtain a reasonable complete partial order relation for a quasi-order relation is given also. An example is given as well to illustrate these discussions. Lastly, the paper discusses the connection between quasi-order relations and preference relations for orderings and some other related problems.