bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural Representation of New Zealand's Landscapes in the Films of The Lord of the Rings and its Implications for Tourism
Authors:   , Carl Daniela 
Published: November 2021

<p>Filmic images influence how we see the world and filmic tourists visit places to experience the image they have seen on the screen. New Zealand is an example of a destination that has embraced the relationship between film and tourism. Through its box-office success and the associated tourist promotions, The Lord of the Rings (TLotR) film trilogy has exposed New Zealand's landscapes to a global audience of potential travellers. This study analyses the landscape portrayal in the first and second film of TLotR and filmic tourists' experiences of these landscapes. As with many other film tourism destinations, the screen locations are a mix of real landscapes, film sets, and digital enhancements. Thus, the tourist will not necessarily be able to experience the landscapes of the films. This results in implications regarding the sustainability of film tourism and tourism management. The study employed an overall interpretive approach to analyse the landscape portrayal in the films and filmic tourists' experiences. Triangulation was used to reveal iconic landscapes of the films. Empirical research was undertaken with three tourism operators offering TLotR themed products: a half-day tour of the Hobbiton location in Matamata, a half-day jeep safari tour around Queenstown, and a multi-day tour of 'New Zealand as Middle-earth' for TLotR enthusiasts. Filmic tourists' experiences of former TLotR film sites are explored in these case studies. The cultural landscapes portrayed in the films are a combination of actors' performances, narratives in the plot, film sets and digitally generated images. New Zealand's landscapes were used as geography, metaphor and spectacle as part of the narrative. This study determined that Hobbiton, Rivendell and Edoras were the three main iconic landscapes of the films. The findings show that the more perfect the representation of hyper-reality in the tours, the higher the satisfaction and the more enhanced the tourist experience. Filmic tourists desire to step into the film set and to be part of the film when re-enacting film scenes. In addition, guides integrate stories about the challenge of filmmaking or behind-the-scenes' anecdotes, which served to enhance the fascination and 'authenticity' of the experience. There is still a need for more information and support to ensure high quality interpretation and guiding given the importance of these aspects in mediating tourist experience and informing resultant levels of satisfaction. By better understanding how filmic tourists experience these cultural landscapes, tourism operators and destination marketers can better meet expectations, thereby expanding the beneficial effects of film tourism on destinations.</p>
STUDENT WORKSHEET ORIENTED ON PROJECT BASED LEARNING TO TRAIN STUDENT CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS ON ACID-BASE MATERIAL
Authors: Zahro Balqis Luthfiyyatus , Mitarlis Mitarlis 
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research is to determine the feasibility of student worksheet oriented on project based learning (PjBL) to train students' creative thinking skills on acid-base material. The research method referred to the 4D development design that consisting of 4 stages including: (1) define, (2) design, (3) development, and (4) dissemination. This research was limited to development stage. The limited trial was treated to 12 students of eleventh grade of a State Senior High School. Feasibility of worksheet was reviewed from the content validity and the construct validity (aspect of language, presentation, and graph) through validation results of experts, practicality through student activity observation and student response, and effectiveness through creative thinking skills test. Creative thinking skills included four aspects: fluency, flexibility, elaboration, and originality. The data analysis used qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis methods. The results showed that the developed worksheet was valid in terms of content validity (84.44%) and construct validity (83.63%). Practicality in terms of relevant student activities observation and student responses got percentage of 92.74% and 93.66% in very practical category. The effectiveness of creative thinking skills training in terms of the N-gain score had a percentage of 0.60 in enough category.
Key words: worksheet, project based learning, creative thinking skills
Pengaruh Partisipasi Anggaran Terhadap Kinerja dengan Kepercayaan Sebagai Variabel Mediasi (Studi Kasus pada PT PLN Persero)
Authors: Kurniawan Dwi Ichwan , SeTin SeTin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The objective of this research is examine managerial trust on mediating the effect of budget participation on job performance. The population of this research were all low level manager that works in National Electricity Company. Purposive sampling is used to conduct the sample of the research. This research used questionnaires as data collections tools, and distribute on 103 respondent. The data collected were processed by SPSS 25.0 with path analysis using Simple Linear Regression and Modified Regression Analysis (MRA). This research found budget participation positive effect on managerial trust and managerial trust positive effect on job performance but managerial trust not mediating the effect of budget participation on job performance.
Keywords: Budget Participation, Job Performance, and Managerial Trust
Independensi, Pengalaman Kerja Auditor, dan Kualitas Audit Dengan Skeptisisme Profesional Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Yunianti Nieke , Carolina Yenni , Winata Vincent Tanu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The motivation of this study is to examine and provide evidence regarding the interaction of the independent variable (X1) and auditor's work experience (X2) with the audit quality variable (Y) and the interaction of the professional skepticism variable (Z) as a moderator variable in strengthening the interaction of X1 and X2 with variables Y. The research is focused on active Public Accountants (partner auditors) who are licensed and registered with IAPI. The results of distributing questionnaires to Public Accountants obtained 309 questionnaire sample data. The Slovin technique was used in the data collection technique, while the data analysis used the SEM PLS (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square) method. This study provides evidence that 1) auditor independence has a positive effect on audit quality, 2) auditor's work experience has a positive effect on audit quality, 3) auditor's professional skepticism has an effect on strengthening the relationship between auditor independence and audit quality, and 4) auditor's professional skepticism has an effect on strengthen the relationship between auditor work experience and audit quality.
Keywords: Audit Quality, Independence, Work Experience, and Professional Skepticism
Sisa Lebih Pembiayaan Anggaran Sebagai Pemoderasi Antara Dana Perimbangan, Dana Bagi Hasil, dan Pajak Daerah Terhadap Belanja Modal
Authors: Abbas Dirvi Surya , Sari Savira Yenita , Hakim Mohamad Zulman , Zulaecha Hesty Erviani , Rachmania Dewi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research aims to determine the effect of compensation funds, revenue-sharing funds and local taxes on capital expenditures in districts or cities in the province of Banten. Observation time in this research is for six years, namely 2015 to 2020. The object of observation in this study is all districts or cities in Banten Province. The sampling technique used is intentional (purposive) sampling. This study uses secondary data obtained from the Realization Report of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget. The method of analysis used panel data regression analysis. The results of the research explain that the Balancing Fund has a negative and insignificant effect on capital expenditure, the Profit Sharing Fund has a negative and significant effect on capital expenditure, Regional Taxes have a positive and insignificant effect on capital expenditure, while the remaining excess budget financing has a negative and significant impact on Expenditures. Capital, Remaining Budget Financing is able to moderate and able to strengthen or weaken the relationship between Balancing Funds to Capital Expenditures, Remaining Budget Financing is able to moderate and able to strengthen the relationship between Profit Sharing Funds to Capital Expenditures, and Remaining Funding Budgets are unable to moderate and are unable to strengthen or weaken the relationship between Regional Taxes and Capital Expenditures.
Keywords: Capital Expenditures, Balancing Funds, Profit Sharing Funds, Regional Taxes, and Remaining Budget Financing
ASPEK ERGONOMI AKTIVITAS PENANGKAPAN IKAN TUNA PADA KAPAL LONGLINE KM SATELIT, DI MUARA BARU, JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Widhyasari Maria Putri , Kurniawati Vita Rumanti , Iskandar Budhi Hascaryo 
Published: November 2021

This research was aiming at analysing ergonomic aspects and identifying potential hazards resulted from fishing activities. Data was collected from a long line fishing vessel MV Satelit. Analysis of ergonomic aspects focused on four major activities namely setting, drifting, hauling and fish handling. The investigation was conducted to examine the suitability of on board working area with fishermen’s movement. The result showed that on board working area was inadequate compared to fishermen’s movement because of limited zones for fishermen (ranged from 1 – 3 m2/ person) without any safety equipment. Based on Job Safety Analysis (JSA), it was revealed that there were 14 potential hazards emerging from fishing activities; 64,29% of them were moderate risk and the rest were trivial risk. However, fishermen have no significant efforts to prevent those hazards.
Keywords: : ergonomic, fishing vessel, occupational health and safety, tuna fishing, potential hazards
Jaring Kekop (Gillnet) Fishery and Its Sustainability Level in Ranau Lake, South Sumatera
Authors: Dewi Feni Aprilias , Purbayanto Ari , Wiyono Eko Sri 
Published: November 2021

Fishing activity to catch hampala (Hampala macrolepidota) using gillnet in the Ranau Lake has been quite intensive. However, there is a type of net developed by fishers to catch hampala in the same waters, namely “jaring kekop.” The existence of this net will increase the intensity of fishing in Ranau Lake which is already high, thus affecting the availability of stocks. The purpose of this research is to describe technical and biological characteristic of kekop net and to analyze the sustainability of kekop net fishery to catch hampala in Ranau Lake, South Sumatera. Data was collected by field survey method through direct interviews with fishers, observation and measurement of fishing unit, and participated in the fishing operation trips. The result showed that the jaring kekop used by fishers in Ranau Lake can be classified into the set gillnet with slightly different operation method from the common set gillnet. The SPR (spawning potential ratio) analysis of hampal fish obtained a value of 72% or > 40%, which means that the average fish caught is gonad ripe or fit to catch (SL50 > Lm). The sustainability values of the jaring kekop fishery were 51.4 for technical aspect, 6.5 for biological aspect, and 65.2 for social-economic aspect. From these sustainability values, it can be seen that the jaring kekop fishery in Lake Ranau is sustainable enough.

Key words: jaring kekop, hampala fsih, characteristic, sustainability, Ranau Lake
Comparative Study of Laser- attenuated and Gamma attenuated irradiated larval Vaccines of Dictyocaulus filaria in goats.
Authors: K. AL- Mashhadani, F.J. , G AL-Samarrae, S.A. 
Published: November 2021

A comparative trial between the effect of 3rd stage Dictyocaulus filaria larval vaccine attenuated by continuous emission of visible Helium – Neon Laser of ImW and wave length of ( 632.8 ) nm of (5) minutes exposure that of gamma attenuated larvae at 0.5 k. gray ( Co as radiation Source ) was designed. Each of the two attenuated larval vaccines was given to a group of ( 5 ) kids each . Double immunization doses at ( 35 ) days interval from each vaccine were given orally. The first dose contained ( 1000 ) larvae and the second one ( 2000 ) for each . A challenge dose of ( 100 ) non- irradiated larvae /kg body weight was given after ( 5 ) week to the vaccinated groups and a control non- vaccinated (5 kids ) 3rd group. All animals were slaughtered after 6 weeks post challenge.
Results showed that both vaccines revealed 80.7% and 78.1% protection respectively for worm burden as compared to control. Laser attenuated vaccine exhibited a statistically significant inhibition in the fecundity of female worms and larvae secretion in faeces in comparison with the gamma irradiated vaccine.
The protective effect of the aqueous extract of parsley (Petroselinum sativum ) seeds on experimentally – induced oxidative stress in rats
Authors: Khudiar K. K. , Abdullah B. N. , Al-Mzaien K. A. 
Published: November 2021

In this study, the potential protective effect of aqueous extract of parsley (Petroselinum sativum) seeds against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) – induced oxidative stress in male rats was assessed. Three groups of male albino rats were randomly divided (n=7) and were handled for twenty-eight days as follows: rats in group I served as control; animals in group || were provided with drinking water containing 0.5% H2O2 and those in group III received orally 8 mg/100 gm B.W. of aqueous extract of parsley seeds plus 0.5% H2O2 in drinking water. After four weeks experimental period, a significant increase in lipid peroxidation products (MDA), and decrease in glutathione (GSH) concentrations were observed in plasma, kidney, liver and heart tissues of H2O2 treated animals as compared with the control group. These biomarkers (GSH and MDA) are interrelated and indicate the occurrence of oxidative stress. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) concentration was significantly increased in H2O2 treated rats. By administration of aqueous extract of parsley along with H2O2, plasma and tissue GSH levels were significantly increased while the elevation in MDA level was diminished in plasma and different tissues examined. A decrease in plasma cholesterol concentration was recorded in H2O2 and parsley treated group as compared with the control one and H2O2 treated groups. These results indicate that aqueous extract of parsley have hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant effect.
The mechanism of edge cutting machining of rolled iron from oxide scale
Authors: Korolev Albert , Panfilova Anastasia , Iznairov Boris , Reshetnikova Olga , Pavlova Viktorya 
Published: November 2021

A new purifying method of metal surface cleaning from oxide scale using a special rotating edge tool is described, which allows to solve the problem of increasing the extent of surface purification from oxide scale more efficiently, reliably and effectively.
The process of the surface cleaning of flat- rolled products used for the manufacture of hollow sheres from oxide scale by mechanical action of a cutting tool on various layers of oxide scale is simulated.
The force required to shift an oxide scale and the boundary conditions of the ratio hold-down pressure of the tool to the workpiece, the friction force in the tool support and the impact force of the scale on the tool, at which it is possible to remove the scale from the rolled surface, are determined.
Facial pain and sensory outcomes following resection of tumors compressing the trigeminal nerve
Authors: Castro Maria R. H. , Magill Stephen T. , Morshed Ramin A. , Young Jacob S. , Braunstein Steve E. , McDermott Michael W. , Chang Edward F. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Tumors compressing the trigeminal nerve can cause facial pain, numbness, or paresthesias. Limited data exist describing how these symptoms change after resection and what factors predict symptom improvement. The objective of this study was to report trigeminal pain and sensory outcomes after tumor resection and identify factors predicting postoperative symptom improvement.

METHODS
This retrospective study included patients with tumors causing facial pain, numbness, or paresthesias who underwent resection. Trigeminal schwannomas were excluded. Logistic regression, recursive partitioning, and time-to-event analyses were used to report outcomes and identify variables associated with facial sensory outcomes.

RESULTS
Eighty-six patients met inclusion criteria, and the median follow-up was 3.1 years; 63 patients (73%) had meningiomas and 23 (27%) had vestibular schwannomas (VSs). Meningioma patients presented with pain, numbness, and paresthesias in 56%, 76%, and 25% of cases, respectively, compared with 9%, 91%, and 39%, respectively, for patients with VS. Most meningioma patients had symptoms for less than 1 year (60%), whereas the majority of VS patients had symptoms for 1–5 years (59%). The median meningioma and VS diameters were 3.0 and 3.4 cm, respectively. For patients with meningiomas, gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 27% of patients, near-total resection (NTR) in 29%, and subtotal resection (STR) in 44%. For patients with VS, GTR was achieved in 9%, NTR in 30%, and STR in 61%. Pain improved immediately after tumor resection in 81% of patients and in 92% of patients by 6 weeks. Paresthesias improved immediately in 80% of patients, increasing to 84% by 6 weeks. Numbness improved more slowly, with 52% of patients improving immediately, increasing to 79% by 2 years. Pain recurred in 22% of patients with meningiomas and 0% of patients with VSs. After resection, the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) facial pain intensity score improved in 73% of patients. The tumor diameter significantly predicted improvement in BNI score (OR 0.47/cm larger, 95% CI 0.22–0.99; p = 0.047). Complete decompression of the trigeminal nerve was associated with qualitative improvement in pain (p = 0.037) and decreased pain recurrence (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01–0.67; p = 0.024).

CONCLUSIONS
Most patients with facial sensory symptoms caused by meningiomas or VSs experienced improvement after resection. Surgery led to immediate and sustained improvement in pain and paresthesias, whereas numbness was slower to improve. Patients with smaller tumors and complete decompression of the trigeminal nerve were more likely to experience improvement in facial pain.
Clinicoradiological characteristics of primary spinal cord H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma
Authors: Cheng Lei , Wang Leiming , Yao Qingyu , Ma Longbing , Duan Wanru , Guan Jian , Zhang Can , Wang Kai , Liu Zhenlei , Wang Xingwen , Wang Zuowei , Wu Hao , Chen Zan , Jian Fengzeng 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Primary spinal cord H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a rare and devastating pathological entity. However, little attention has been paid to this disease. As a result, its clinicoradiological characteristics have yet to be described. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicoradiological characteristics of primary intramedullary H3 K27M-mutant DMG and to compare this tumor with the H3 K27 wild-type to explore potential features that could differentiate the two.

METHODS
A total of 59 patients with pathologically confirmed intramedullary astrocytoma were included in this study. The cohort was divided into an H3 K27M-mutant group and H3 K27 wild-type group based on the status of H3 K27M according to an immunohistochemistry method. Demographic data, MRI features, and molecular information were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to investigate variables that might have a role in differentiating an H3 K27M DMG from an H3 K27 wild-type tumor.

RESULTS
Only symptom duration showed an independent association with the H3 K27M mutation (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68–0.94, p = 0.016). Patients with spinal cord H3 K27M-mutant DMG had a shorter symptom duration than patients with H3 K27 wild-type glioma. No significant difference was found in terms of MRI features between the H3 K27M-mutant and H3 K27 wild-type groups. Additionally, H3 K27M-mutant DMG frequently demonstrated overexpression of p53. Survival outcome did not show a statistical difference between the H3 K27-mutant subgroup and H3 K27 wild-type subgroup in histologically high-grade astrocytoma.

CONCLUSIONS
Symptom duration was associated with an H3 K27M mutation in intramedullary astrocytoma. MRI features were heterogeneous, and no imaging feature was able to predict the H3 K27M mutation. The H3 K27M mutation did not impact survival outcome in spinal histologically high-grade astrocytoma.
Semidirect targeting–based stereotactic mesencephalotomy for the treatment of refractory pain: a case series
Authors: Marques Rômulo A. S. , Alencar Helioenai S. , Bannach Matheus A. , Vilela-Filho Osvaldo 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
One of the few resources for treating medically intractable pain is ablative surgery, but its indications have fallen dramatically over the last decades. One such procedure is mesencephalotomy. This study aims to determine current risks and benefits of MR-guided semidirect targeting–based stereotactic mesencephalotomy.

METHODS
This was a retrospective study based on a review of the medical records of 22 patients with nociceptive (n = 5), neuropathic (n = 10), or mixed (n = 7) refractory pain treated with unilateral mesencephalotomy alone (17 patients) or associated with bilateral anterior cingulotomy (5 patients) between 2014 and 2021 in the authors’ institutions. The confidence interval adopted in this study was 95%.

RESULTS
The sample included 12 women and 10 men with ages ranging from 23 to 80 years (mean 55.1 ± 17.1 years). Using MR-guided semidirect targeting, the following structures were targeted: spinoreticulothalamic (neuropathic/mixed pain, n = 17), trigeminothalamic (nociceptive/mixed pain in the face, n = 5), and neospinothalamic (nociceptive/mixed pain in the body, n = 7) pathways. The most common response to macrostimulation was central heat/moderate discomfort. Radiofrequency thermocoagulation was made with 70°C–75°C/60 sec.
A total of 86.3% (3 months) and 76.9% (12 months) of the patients achieved excellent or good results (improvement of pain > 50%), presenting with a significant mean pain relief of 80.1% at 3 months and 71.4% at 12 months postoperatively. The addition of bilateral anterior cingulotomy did not improve the results. Patients with upper limb, cervicobrachial, and face pain did significantly better than those with trunk pain. The worst results were seen in patients with neuropathic and/or trunk pain. The surgical failure (pain relief ≤ 25%) and recurrence rates were 9.1% each, apparently related to the use of lower lesioning parameters (70°C/60 sec) and to the presence of neuropathic and/or trunk pain. The morbidity rate was 8%, with both complications (vertical diplopia and confusion/agitation) happening in patients lesioned with 75°C/60 sec. There were no deaths in this series.

CONCLUSIONS
These results show that contemporary stereotactic mesencephalotomy is an effective, relatively low-risk, and probably underused procedure for treating medically intractable pain. Careful semidirect determination of the target coordinates associated with close attention to electrical macrostimulation responses certainly plays an important role in avoiding complications in most of the procedures. A higher lesioning temperature (75°C) apparently prevents recurrence, but at the cost of an increased risk of complications.