bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LT‐Brazil: A database of leaf traits across biomes and vegetation types in Brazil
Authors: Mariano Eduardo , Gomes Taciana F. , Lins Silvia R. M. , Abdalla‐Filho Adibe L. , Soltangheisi Amin , Araújo Maria G. S. , Almeida Rodrigo F. , Augusto Fernanda G. , Canisares Luiza P. , Chaves Siglea S. F. , Costa Cristiane F. G. , Diniz‐Reis Thaís R. , Galera Leonardo A. , Martinez Melissa G. , Morais Maristela C. , Perez Elen B. , Reis Lucas C. , da P. Simon Carla , Mardegan Silvia F. , Domingues Tomas F. , Miatto Raquel C. , Oliveira Rafael S. , Reis Carla R. G. , Nardoto Gabriela B. , Kattge Jens , Martinelli Luiz A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMotivationLeaf traits represent an important component of plant functional strategies, and those related to carbon fixation and nutrient acquisition form the leaf economics spectrum. However, observations of functional leaf traits are underrepresented in tropical regions in comparison with those in temperate areas. Brazil, a country with continental scale and vast biodiversity is a timely example, where many biomes are impacted by human activities and climate change. However, leaf traits relevant to understand vegetation responses to these impacts remain poorly quantified for many species found in the country. We compiled an extensive data set of four functional leaf traits for native woody species occurring in the Brazilian territory. In addition to trait observations, sampling dates and geo‐references were compiled and climatic parameters and soil properties of each sampling site were extracted from several databases.Main types of variables containedThe LT‐Brazil data set contains 3,479, 1,216, 775 and 775 clean observations of leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen (N) concentration per unit mass, leaf phosphorus (P) concentration per unit mass, and leaf N : P ratio, respectively, from native woody species, encompassing information of biome, vegetation, taxonomic data, geographical coordinates, climatic parameters, as well as soil properties.Spatial location and grainWe compiled trait observations from 223 sites under native vegetation distributed in all main biomes (i.e., Amazônia, Caatinga, Cerrado, Mata Atlântica, Pampa and Pantanal) across the Brazilian territory.Time period and grainThe data represent information published and/or sampled during the last 25 years.Major taxa and level of measurementOur compilation was focused on trait data observed for native woody species, excluding monocots, palm trees, herbs, and hemiparasitic plants. Thus, 108, 478 and 1,321 botanical families, genera and species were included, covering c. 9% of the woody angiosperm flora of Brazil.Software formatData are provided as comma‐separated value (.csv) files.
Effects of bread making methods, lupin variety and gluten powder on the quality of bread enriched with high percentage of lupin flour
Authors: Pleming Denise , Farahnaky Asgar , Majzoobi Mahsa 
Published: August 2021

SummaryLupin is an economical source of protein, fibre and bioactive compounds, and to obtain these health and nutritional benefits lupin flour has been used in bread production. However, addition of more than 10% lupin flour markedly reduces bread quality mainly due to gluten dilution. The main aim of this research was to retain lupin bread quality enriched with higher percentages of lupin flour (20%) by addition of vital gluten powder (0%, 2%, 3.5% and 5%), investigating the effects of lupin variety (Lupinus albus and L. angustifolius) and two baking systems (rapid and sponge & dough). Impact on bread staling qualities was also determined through texture analysis of samples over a 72‐h storage period. Compared to lupin bread with nil gluten addition, significant improvements in loaf volume and crumb texture were observed with addition of gluten powder especially at 5% which increased loaf volume by an average of 20% across lupin sources and baking methods, and crumb softness by 30–50%. Differences were observed between the lupin flour sources. L. angustifolius had a reduced weakening effect when blended with the base flour compared with L. albus. The Sponge & Dough process was found to be more suitable to the inclusion of lupin flour than the rapid process.
Ezrin regulates synovial angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis through YAP and Akt signalling
Authors: Chen Qiyue , Fan Kai , Chen Xi , Xie Xiaobo , Huang Li , Song Guangbao , Qi Weizhong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanisms of Ezrin in synovial vessels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synovial tissues were obtained from people with osteoarthritis people and patients with RA patients. We also used an antigen‐induced arthritis (AIA) mice model by using Freund's adjuvant injections. Ezrin expression was analysed by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining in synovial vessels of patients with RA and AIA mice. We investigated the role of Ezrin on vascular endothelial cells and its regulatory mechanism in vivo and in vitro by adenoviral transfection technology. Our results suggest a role for the Ezrin protein in proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells in RA. We also demonstrate that Ezrin plays an important role in vascular endothelial cell migration and tube formation through regulation of the Hippo‐yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway. YAP, as a key protein, can further regulate the activity of PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in vascular endothelial cells. In AIA mice experiments, we observed that the inhibition of Ezrin or of its downstream YAP pathway can affect synovial angiogenesis and may lead to progression of RA. In conclusion, Ezrin plays an important role in angiogenesis in the RA synovium by regulating YAP nuclear translocation and interacting with the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.
Clinicopathological features of cutaneous reactions after mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccines
Authors: Tihy M. , Menzinger S. , André R. , Laffitte E. , Toutous‐Trellu L. , Kaya G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous reactions, mostly on injection site after mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccines, have been reported but not with detailed histopathological characterization.ObjectivesCharacterization and classification of these reactions in a clinical and pathological point of view.MethodsMonocentric case series of 11 patients with cutaneous manifestations, clinically and histologically characterized after COVID‐19 vaccination.ResultsFrom January to June 2021, we recorded 11 cutaneous reactions to mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines from BNT162b2 (n = 8) and mRNA‐1273 (n = 3). Generalized reactions showing erythematous rash or purpura were the most common clinical presentation, and drug‐reaction‐like pattern was the most common histological finding.ConclusionsA proper clinicopathological classification will be helpful in the early diagnosis and management of the cutaneous reactions to mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines.
An Unsupervised‐Learning‐Based Approach to Compromised Items Detection
Authors: Pan Yiqin , Wollack James A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs technologies have been improved, item preknowledge has become a common concern in the test security area. The present study proposes an unsupervised‐learning‐based approach to detect compromised items. The unsupervised‐learning‐based compromised item detection approach contains three steps: (1) classify responses of each examinee as either normal or aberrant based on both the item response and the response time; (2) use a recursive algorithm to cluster examinees into groups based on their response similarity; (3) identify the group with strongest preknowledge signal and report questionable items as compromised. Results show that under the conditions studied, provided the amount of preknowledge is not overwhelming and aberrance effect is at least moderate, the approach controls the false‐negative rate at a relatively low level and the false‐positive rate at an extremely low level.
Dimensions of hospital workplace violence: Patient violence towards the healthcare team
Authors: Chesire David J. , McIntosh Ana , Hendrickson Susan , Jones Patrice , McIntosh Mark 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo investigate the cognitive dimensions nurses use when perceiving patient‐to‐healthcare provider workplace violence.BackgroundThe concept of workplace violence, especially with respect to healthcare settings, has been well documented. Healthcare workers are at particular risk for experiencing violence from their patients, though these incidents often go unreported. Experiencing violence in the workplace has been associated with numerous negative outcomes, including absenteeism, burnout and diminished quality of care. However, little emphasis has been placed on understanding the concept of violence itself, or why one type of violence might go unreported whilst another is readily communicated to officials.DesignA card‐sorting, multidimensional scaling design.MethodsThirty two nurses completed the card‐sorting task. Using multidimensional scaling (MDS), 75 reported incidents of violence were considered. SPIRIT research reporting checklist followed.ResultsNurses categorise patient violence in three dimensions: physical versus verbal, active versus threatening and more versus less severe. Implications for further research and intervention are discussed.ConclusionsViolence in the hospital workplace is a complex perception by the healthcare worker that cannot be captured by a single dimension.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study provides a theoretical framework for understanding the complexity of patient‐to‐provider violence in a hospital setting. It sheds light on why only a minority of such events are reported. This model can serve as a foundation for future research exploring interventions for hospital violence.
Association between pregnancy intention and smoking or alcohol consumption in the preconception and pregnancy periods: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yu Pengli , Jiang Yunxia , Zhou Lixue , Li Kuinan , Xu Yanhong , Meng Fei , Zhou Yunping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo investigate the association between pregnancy intention and smoking or alcohol consumption in preconception and pregnancy periods.BackgroundSuboptimal lifestyle such as smoking and alcohol consumption can lead to devastating outcomes on the maternal and foetus. Pregnancy intention exerts a significant effect on promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours. However, no reliable evidences confirmed pregnancy intention was associated with smoking and alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive search from databases including PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, MEDLINE, ProQuest and Scopus from the inception of these databases up to November, 2020. All eligible studies exploring the association between pregnancy intention and smoking or alcohol consumption were included. The fixed‐ or random effect pooled measure was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI. In addition, the PRISMA checklist was used in this meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 23 studies were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. During pregnancy, the findings suggested that women with unplanned pregnancy were 68% more likely to consume cigarettes (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.44–1.95) and 44% more likely to consume alcohol (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.15–1.81) than those women with planned pregnancy. Meanwhile, during preconception, women with unplanned pregnancy were 30% more likely to consume cigarettes (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.10–1.53) and 20% more likely to consume alcohol (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01–1.42) than those women with planned pregnancy.ConclusionThe findings suggested that women with unplanned pregnancy were more likely to follow unhealthy behaviours such as smoking and alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy. Health professionals should consider the women's desire for pregnancy to decrease preconception and pregnancy smoking or alcohol consumption in future studies.Relevance of clinical practicePregnancy intention is the key determinant of smoking and alcohol consumption during preconception and pregnancy periods. Offering effective contraception in primary healthcare setting could prevent unplanned pregnancy. Meanwhile, popularising minimal alcohol consumption and comprehensive smoke‐free legislation would be beneficial to improve reproductive outcomes.
Optimization of annual planned rail maintenance
Authors: Oudshoorn Menno , Koppenberg Timo , Yorke‐Smith Neil 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch on preventative rail maintenance to date majors on small or artificial problem instances, not applicable to real‐world use cases. This article tackles large, real‐world rail maintenance scheduling problems. Maintenance costs and availability of the infrastructure need to be optimized, while adhering to a set of complex constraints. We develop and compare three generic approaches: an evolution strategy, a greedy metaheuristic, and a hybrid of the two. As a case study, we schedule major preventive maintenance of a full year in the complete rail infrastructure of the Netherlands, one of the busiest rail networks of Europe. Empirical results on two real‐world datasets show the hybrid approach delivers high‐quality schedules.
Responding to the Timing Argument
Authors: Ekendahl Karl 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAccording to the Timing Argument, death is not bad for the individual who dies, because there is no time at which it could be bad for her. Defenders of the badness of death have objected to this influential argument, typically by arguing that therearetimes at which death is bad for its victim. In this paper, I argue that a number of these writers have been concerned with quite different formulations of the Timing Argument. Further, and more importantly, I show that their objections to the Timing Argument fail as attempts to refute the argument in its most challenging form.
A cognitive behavioural intervention for low self‐esteem in young people who have experienced stigma, prejudice, or discrimination: An uncontrolled acceptability and feasibility study
Authors: Langford Katie , McMullen Katrina , Bridge Livia , Rai Lovedeep , Smith Patrick , Rimes Katharine A. 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesStigma has been found to be associated with lower self‐esteem, which increases the risk of difficulties across life domains including vulnerability to mental health problems. There are no previous studies of interventions for people experiencing low self‐esteem in the context of different stigmatized characteristics. This study evaluated feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of an intervention targeting low self‐esteem in stigmatized people aged 16–24 years.DesignAn uncontrolled study with repeated measures.MethodPeople with a range of stigmatized characteristics, who had low self‐esteem and associated impaired daily functioning, were recruited from the general population. The individual six‐session cognitive behavioural intervention had modules chosen according to participants’ formulations. The CBT included compassion‐focussed therapy methods and was informed by stigma research. Feasibility was assessed in relation to recruitment, retention, and protocol adherence. Acceptability was assessed through participant feedback. Questionnaires assessing self‐esteem, functioning impairments, depression, anxiety, self‐criticism, self‐compassion, and responses to prejudice and discrimination were administered at baseline, pre‐, mid‐, post‐intervention, and two‐month follow‐up.ResultsForty‐four people completed screening; 73% were eligible. Of these, 78% consented and 69% (N = 22) started the intervention. Eighteen (82%) participants completed, and four dropped out. Follow‐up measures were completed by all treatment completers. Treatment completers reported the intervention was useful, improved their self‐esteem and coping, and would recommend it. Ratings of usefulness and frequency of use of intervention components were high at post‐treatment and follow‐up.ConclusionsThe intervention was feasible and highly acceptable to treatment completers. This suggests the intervention warrants investigation in a randomized‐controlled trial.Practitioner points

Young people with low self‐esteem whom have been negatively affected by stigma may wish to access support and be willing to engage in psychological interventions.

Cognitive behavioural therapy may be helpful for young people with low self‐esteem who have experienced stigma, prejudice, or discrimination.

Cognitive behavioural techniques such as self‐compassionate thought records and behavioural experiments were considered acceptable and helpful by young people whose self‐esteem has been affected by stigma.

Addressing responses to stigma in therapy, such as rumination, avoidance, and perfectionism, appears to be feasible and acceptable.
Patient experiences of therapy for borderline personality disorder: Commonalities and differences between dialectical behaviour therapy and mentalization‐based therapy and relation to outcomes
Authors: Barnicot Kirsten , Redknap Caio , Coath Florence , Hommel Jeantique , Couldrey Laura , Crawford Mike 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesDialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) and mentalization‐based therapy (MBT) are widely used evidence‐based psychological treatments for borderline personality disorder (BPD). The study aimed to establish evidence on common and unique, and helpful and unhelpful, treatment processes.DesignMixed‐methods.MethodsIn‐depth qualitative interview data on patient experiences during treatment were combined with quantitative outcome measures in 73 patients diagnosed with a personality disorder and receiving DBT or MBT.ResultsAcross both DBT and MBT, accounts of learning not to react impulsively, learning to question one’s thoughts and assumptions, learning to communicate more effectively, and exposure to painful emotions that may previously have been avoided were each associated with less baseline‐adjusted self‐harm at the end of treatment. Difficulties in interacting with other group members were more likely to be described by patients receiving MBT than DBT, whilst difficulties in the therapeutic relationship were equally common. Both of these types of difficult experience were associated with higher baseline‐adjusted levels of BPD traits and emotional dysregulation, at the end of the 12‐month study period.ConclusionsThe findings identify novel evidence of common therapeutic processes across DBT and MBT that may help to reduce self‐harm. The findings also highlight the potential iatrogenic effect of difficulties in the alliance with therapists or with other group members. This underscores the importance of listening to patients’ voices about what they are finding difficult during therapy and working to address these relational challenges, so that the patient is able to progress and make best use of the treatment.Practitioner points

Regardless of whether dialectical behaviour therapy or mentalization based therapy is used, helping service‐users to learn not to react impulsively, to question their thoughts and assumptions, and to communicate more effectively, may be beneficial for reducing self‐harm.

Across both types of therapy, exposure to painful emotions is a difficult experience for service‐users, but may also be beneficial for reducing self‐harm, if carefully managed.

Whilst service‐users’ experiences across both types of therapy have much in common, accounts of mentalization based therapy stand out in more often describing both helpful and unhelpful experiences of interactions with therapy group members.

Service‐users across both types of therapy report the benefits of learning intrapersonal mentalization skills, whilst recipients of mentalization based therapy uniquely extend this to learning interpersonal mentalization.

Ruptures in the therapeutic alliance, and distressing interactions with group members, may be iatrogenic and must be carefully managed.
Polarization, partisanship, and pandemic: The relationship between county‐level support for Donald Trump and the spread of Covid‐19 during the spring and summer of 2020
Authors: Morris David S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveRepublicans and Democrats have displayed widely divergent beliefs and behaviors related to COVID‐19, creating the possibility that geographic areas with more Donald Trump supporters may be more likely to suffer from the disease.MethodsI use 2016 election data, COVID‐19 case and mortality data, and multilevel linear growth models with state fixed effects to estimate the relationship between county‐level support for Donald Trump and the trajectory of cumulative COVID‐19 cases and deaths per 100,000 county residents between March 17, 2020 and August 31, 2020.ResultsCounties more supportive of Trump had fewer COVID‐19 cases and deaths in the early months of the pandemic. However, as the summer moved into July and August, counties less supportive of Trump stopped growth rates of COVID‐19 cases and deaths, while counties more supportive of Trump saw a trajectory of increased cases and deaths in July and August. This is likely due to the widely divergent beliefs and behaviors displayed by Republicans and Democrats toward COVID‐19.ConclusionThis study underscores the power of polarization and partisanship in the public sphere, even when it comes to a public health issue.
Dynamic network biomarker analysis discovers IbNAC083 in the initiation and regulation of sweet potato root tuberization
Authors: He Shutao , Wang Hongxia , Hao Xiaomeng , Wu Yinliang , Bian Xiaofeng , Yin Minhao , Zhang Yandi , Fan Weijuan , Dai Hao , Yuan Ling , Zhang Peng , Chen Luonan 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARYThe initiation and development of storage roots (SRs) are intricately regulated by a transcriptional regulatory network. One key challenge is to accurately pinpoint the tipping point during the transition from pre‐swelling to SRs and to identify the core regulators governing such a critical transition. To solve this problem, we performed a dynamic network biomarker (DNB) analysis of transcriptomic dynamics during root development in Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato). First, our analysis identified stage‐specific expression patterns for a significant proportion (>9%) of the sweet potato genes and unraveled the chronology of events that happen at the early and later stages of root development. Then, the results showed that different root developmental stages can be depicted by co‐expressed modules of sweet potato genes. Moreover, we identified the key components and transcriptional regulatory network that determine root development. Furthermore, through DNB analysis an early stage, with a root diameter of 3.5 mm, was identified as the critical period of SR swelling initiation, which is consistent with morphological and metabolic changes. In particular, we identified a NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) domain transcription factor, IbNAC083, as a core regulator of this initiation in the DNB‐associated network. Further analyses and experiments showed that IbNAC083, along with its associated differentially expressed genes, induced dysfunction of metabolism processes, including the biosynthesis of lignin, flavonol and starch, thus leading to the transition to swelling roots.