bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An algorithmic approach to total hip arthroplasty in patient with post-polio paralysis and fixed pelvic obliquity
Authors: Malhotra Rajesh , Gautam Deepak , Gupta Saurabh , Eachempati Krishna K. 
Published: September 2021

Aims Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with post-polio residual paralysis (PPRP) is challenging. Despite relief in pain after THA, pre-existing muscle imbalance and altered gait may cause persistence of difficulty in walking. The associated soft tissue contractures not only imbalances the pelvis, but also poses the risk of dislocation, accelerated polyethylene liner wear, and early loosening. Methods In all, ten hips in ten patients with PPRP with fixed pelvic obliquity who underwent THA as per an algorithmic approach in two centres from January 2014 to March 2018 were followed-up for a minimum of two years (2 to 6). All patients required one or more additional soft tissue procedures in a pre-determined sequence to correct the pelvic obliquity. All were invited for the latest clinical and radiological assessment. Results The mean Harris Hip Score at the latest follow-up was 79.2 (68 to 90). There was significant improvement in the coronal pelvic obliquity from 16.6o (SD 7.9o) to 1.8o (SD 2.4o; p < 0.001). Radiographs of all ten hips showed stable prostheses with no signs of loosening or migration, regardless of whether paralytic or non-paralytic hip was replaced. No complications, including dislocation or infection related to the surgery, were observed in any patient. The subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy done in two patients had united by nine months. Conclusion Simultaneous correction of soft tissue contractures is necessary for obtaining a stable hip with balanced pelvis while treating hip arthritis by THA in patients with PPRP and fixed pelvic obliquity. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(9):696–704.
Demonstration of generating a 100 Gbit/s orbital-angular-momentum beam with a tunable mode order over a range of wavelengths using an integrated broadband pixel-array structure
Authors: Song Hao , Zhou Huibin , Zou Kaiheng , Zhang Runzhou , Pang Kai , Song Haoqian , Minoofar Amir , Su Xinzhou , Hu Nanzhe , Liu Cong , Bock Robert , Zach Shlomo , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E. 
Published: September 2021

We experimentally generate an orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) beam with a tunable mode order over a range of wavelengths utilizing an integrated broadband pixel-array OAM emitter. The emitter is composed of a 3-to-4 coupler, four phase controllers, and a mode convertor. An optical input is split into four waveguides by the coupler. Subsequently, the four waveguide fields are coherently combined and transformed into a free-space OAM beam by the mode convertor. By tuning the phase delay

Δ

φ

between the four waveguides using the integrated phase controllers, the OAM order of the generated beam could be changed. Our results show that (a) a single OAM beam with a tunable OAM order (

ℓ
=
−
1

or

ℓ
=
+
1

) is generated with the intermodal power coupling of

<

−

11

d
B

, and (b) in a wavelength range of 6.4 nm, a free-space link of a single 50 Gbaud quadrature-phase-shift-keying (QPSK) channel carried by the tunable OAM beam is achieved with a bit error rate below the forward-error-correction threshold. As proof of concept, a 400 Gbit/s OAM-multiplexed and WDM QPSK link is demonstrated with a

∼

1
−

dB OSNR penalty compared with a single-beam link.
Identification of novel genetic susceptibility loci for thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms via genome-wide association study using the UK Biobank Cohort
Authors: Ashvetiya Tamara , Fan Sherry X. , Chen Yi-Ju , Williams Charles H. , O’Connell Jeffery R. , Perry James A. , Hong Charles C. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are known to have a strong genetic component.

Methods and results
In a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the UK Biobank, we analyzed the genomes of 1,363 individuals with AAA compared to 27,260 age, ancestry, and sex-matched controls (1:20 case:control study design). A similar analysis was repeated for 435 individuals with TAA compared to 8,700 controls. Polymorphism with minor allele frequency (MAF) >0.5% were evaluated.
We identified novel loci near LINC01021, ATOH8 and JAK2 genes that achieved genome-wide significance for AAA (p-value <5x10-8), in addition to three known loci. For TAA, three novel loci in CTNNA3, FRMD6 and MBP achieved genome-wide significance. There was no overlap in the genes associated with AAAs and TAAs. Additionally, we identified a linkage group of high-frequency variants (MAFs ~10%) encompassing FBN1, the causal gene for Marfan syndrome, which was associated with TAA. In FinnGen PheWeb, this FBN1 haplotype was associated with aortic dissection. Finally, we found that baseline bradycardia was associated with TAA, but not AAA.

Conclusions
Our GWAS found that AAA and TAA were associated with distinct sets of genes, suggesting distinct underlying genetic architecture. We also found association between baseline bradycardia and TAA. These findings, including JAK2 association, offer plausible mechanistic and therapeutic insights. We also found a common FBN1 linkage group that is associated with TAA and aortic dissection in patients who do not have Marfan syndrome. These FBN1 variants suggest shared pathophysiology between Marfan disease and sporadic TAA.
Mortality risk from acute aortic dissection among hospital admissions during weekends and holiday season
Authors: Su I-Min , Huang Huei-Kai , Liu Peter Pin-Sung , Hsu Jin-Yi , Lin Shu-Man , Loh Ching-Hui 
Published: September 2021

Background
Acute aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition associated with high mortality rate. Findings from previous studies addressing the “weekend effect” on the mortality rate from an acute aortic dissection mortality have been inconsistent. Furthermore, the effect of admission for acute aortic dissection during the holiday season has not been previously investigated.

Objective
Our aim was to evaluate the effect of admission for acute aortic dissection during holiday season or weekends on the risk of mortality.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of nationwide cohort data from the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. We collected data on all adult patients hospitalized for acute aortic dissection between 2001 and 2017 in Taiwan and classified them into the following three groups based on day of admission: holiday season (at least 4 consecutive days; n = 280), weekend (n = 1 041), and weekday (n = 3 109). The following three outcomes were evaluated: in-hospital mortality, 7-day mortality, and 180-day mortality.

Results
A multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for possible cofounders on the measured outcomes. Compared to weekday admissions for acute aortic dissection, weekend admissions resulted in a 29% increase in the risk of in-hospital death (aOR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05–1.59; P = 0.0153), with a 25% increase in the 7-day (aOR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.001–1.563; P = 0.0492) and 20% increase in the 180-day mortality risk (aOR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01–1.42; P = 0.0395). Of note, admission over the holiday season did not result in a higher mortality risk than for weekday admissions; this finding, however, might reflect insufficient statistical power on subgroup analysis.

Conclusion
Patients admitted for acute aortic dissection during the weekends are at higher risk of mortality compared to those admitted on weekdays. Our finding likely reflects inadequate staffing and team experience of weekend staff and can guide healthcare policy makers to improve patient outcomes.
Protocol for the conceptualization and evaluation of a screening-tool for fitness-to-drive assessment in older people with cognitive impairment
Authors: Zellner Leonhard , Herpich Florian , Brieber David , Herle Margit , Zwanzger Peter , Brunnauer Alexander 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
Due to aging and health status people may be subjected to a decrease of cognitive ability and subsequently also a decline of driving safety. On the other hand there is a lack of valid and economically applicable instruments to assess driving performance.

Objective
The study is designed to develop a valid screening-tool for fitness-to-drive assessment in older people with cognitive impairment externally validated on the basis of on-road driving performance.

Methods
In a single-centre, non-randomized cross-sectional trial cognitive functioning and on-road-driving-behavior of older drivers will be assessed. Forty participants with cognitive impairment of different etiology and 40 healthy controls will undergo an extensive neuropsychological assessment. Additionally, an on-road driving assessment for external validation of fitness to drive will be carried out. Primary outcome measures will be performance in attention, executive functions and visuospatial tasks that will be validated with respect to performance on the on-road-driving-test. Secondary outcome measures will be sociodemographic, clinical- and driving characteristics to systematically examine their influence on the prediction of driving behavior.

Discussion
In clinical practice counselling patients with respect to driving safety is of great relevance. Thus, having valid, reliable, time economical and easily interpretable screening-tools on hand to counsel patients is of great relevance for practitioners.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich. The trial results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and various conferences.

Trial registration
18–640.
Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register.
Registration number: DRKS00023549.
News media narratives of Covid-19 across 20 countries: Early global convergence and later regional divergence
Authors: Ng Reuben , Chow Ting Yu Joanne , Yang Wenshu 
Published: September 2021

Background
Seldom in history does one get a ‘front row seat’—with large-scale dynamic data—on how online news media narratives shift with a global pandemic. News media narratives matter because they shape societal perceptions and influence the core tent poles of our society, from the economy to elections. Given its importance—and with the benefit of hindsight—we provide a systematic framework to analyze news narratives of Covid-19, laying the groundwork to evaluate policy and risk communications.

Objectives
We leverage a 10-billion-word-database of online news, taken from over 7,000 English newspapers and magazines across 20 countries, culminating in 28 million articles. First, we track the volume of Covid-19 conversations across 20 countries from before to during the pandemic (Oct’19 to May’20). Second, we distill the phases of global pandemic narratives, and elucidate regional differences.

Methods
To track the volume of Covid-19 narratives, we identified 10 target terms—Coronavirus, Covid-19, Covid, nCoV, SARS-CoV-2, Wuhan Virus, Virus, Disease, Epidemic, Pandemic—and tracked their combined monthly prevalence across eight months from October 2019 through May 2020. Globally, across 20 countries, we identified 18,042,855 descriptors of the target terms. Further, these descriptors were analysed with natural language processing models to generate the top five topics of Covid-19 that were labelled by two independent researchers. This process was repeated across six continents to distil regional topics.

Results
Our model found four phases of online news media narratives: Pre-pandemic, Early, Peak and Recovery. Pre-pandemic narratives (Oct’19–Dec’19) were divergent across regions with Africa focused on monkeypox, Asia on dengue fever, and North America on Lyme disease and AIDS. Early (Jan–Feb’20) and Peak Pandemic (Mar–May’20) evidenced a global convergence, reflecting the omnipresence of Covid-19. The brief transition from early to peak pandemic narratives underscored the pandemic’s rapid spread. Emerging from the embers of the pandemic’s peak were nascent recovery words that are regionally divergent—Oceania focused on hope and an uncertain future while North America centered on re-opening the economy and tackling discrimination.

Conclusions
Practically, we presented a media barometer of Covid-19, and provided a framework to analyse the pandemic’s impact on societal perceptions—laying the important groundwork for policy makers to evaluate policy communications, and design risk communication strategies.
Performance verification of the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 test for qualitative detection of IgG in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Castro Maria del Mar , Caicedo Isabella , Ortiz-Rojas Helen Johanna , Castillo Carmen Manuela , Medina Adriana Giovanna , Alexander Neal , Gómez Maria Adelaida , Albornoz Ludwig L. 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundAdequate testing is critically important for control of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Antibody testing is an option for case management and epidemiologic studies, with high specificity and variable sensitivity. However, characteristics of local populations may affect performance of these tests. For this reason, the National Institute of Health (INS) and regulatory agencies in Colombia require verification of diagnostic accuracy of tests introduced to the Colombian market.MethodsWe conducted a validation study of the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 test for qualitative detection of IgG using the Abbott Architect i2000SR. Participants and retrospective samples were included from patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, age ≥18 years, and ≥8 days elapsed since initiation of symptoms. Pre-pandemic plasma samples (taken before October 2019) were used as controls. We estimated the sensitivity, specificity and agreement (kappa) of the Abbott IgG test compared to the gold standard (RT-PCR).ResultsThe overall sensitivity was 83.1% (95% CI: 75.4–100). Sensitivity among patients with ≥14 days since the start of symptoms was 85.7%, reaching 88% in samples collected from patients with COVID-19 symptoms onset >60 days. Specificity was 100% and the kappa index of agreement was 0.804 (95% CI: 0.642–0.965).ConclusionsOur findings show high sensitivity and specificity of the Abbott IgG test in a Colombian population, which meet the criteria set by the Colombian INS to aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19. Data from our patient groups also suggest that IgG response is detectable in a high proportion of individuals (88.1%) during the first two months following onset of symptoms.
Incidence of stroke in the first year after diagnosis of cancer—A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lun Ronda , Roy Danielle Carole , Ramsay Tim , Siegal Deborah , Shorr Risa , Fergusson Dean , Dowlatshahi Dar 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
There is an increased risk of stroke in patients with cancer–this risk is particularly heightened around the time of cancer diagnosis, although no studies have systematically quantified this risk in the literature. Patients newly diagnosed with cancer without prior stroke represent a highly susceptible population in whom there is a window of opportunity to study and implement primary prevention strategies. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify the cumulative incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes during the first year after a diagnosis of cancer.

Methods and analysis
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed will be searched with the assistance from a medical information specialist, from 1980 until present. Eligible studies will include observational studies that have enrolled adult patients newly diagnosed with cancer and report outcomes of stroke during the first year of cancer diagnosis. We will exclude all randomized and non-randomized interventional studies. Data on participant characteristics, study design, baseline characteristics, and outcome characteristics will be extracted. Study quality will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies, and heterogeneity will be assessed using the I2 statistic. Pooled cumulative incidence will be calculated for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes separately using a random-effects model.

Ethics and dissemination
No formal research ethics approval is necessary as primary data collection will not be done. We will disseminate our findings through scientific conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications, and social media/the press. The findings from this review will inform clinicians and patients regarding the risk of stroke in patients newly diagnosed with cancer by quantifying the cumulative incidence of each subtype of stroke during the first year after a diagnosis of cancer. This represents a window of opportunity to implement prevention strategies in a susceptible population.

Registration ID with Open Science Framework
osf.io/ucwy9.
Cooling e-cigarette flavors and the association with e-cigarette use among a sample of high school students
Authors: Davis Danielle R. , Morean Meghan E. , Bold Krysten W. , Camenga Deepa , Kong Grace , Jackson Asti , Simon Patricia , Krishnan-Sarin Suchitra 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
E-liquid flavor is typically presented by flavor category (e.g. menthol, mint, fruit, dessert). Cooling sensations produced by flavor additives such as menthol enhance appeal of e-cigarettes among youth, but not all e-liquids that produce cooling sensations are labeled as menthol. Sensory experiences produced by flavors may allow for a new way to capture e-cigarette flavor use. This study aims to examine use of flavors that produce cooling sensations among youth and its association with e-cigarette use behaviors.

Methods
A 2019 survey of high school students (n = 4875) examined use of e-cigarette flavors that produced cooling sensations (cooling flavors) among past 30-day e-cigarette users. E-cigarette use behaviors (flavor use, nicotine use, frequency of use) were examined between those who did and did not use cooling flavors. A binary logistic regression was used to examine associations between vaping frequency, nicotine (vs. non-nicotine) use, and vaping cooling flavors while controlling for demographics, number of flavors vaped in the past month, and vaping age of onset.

Results
51.6% (n = 473/916) of the analytic sample endorsed vaping cooling flavors. There were no demographic differences by vaping cooling flavors. Vaping cooling flavors was associated with vaping more frequently (AOR:1.04,95% CI:1.03,1.05) and vaping nicotine (AOR:2.37,95% CI:1.53,3.67).

Conclusion
Vaping cooling flavors was associated with greater nicotine vaping and frequency of e-cigarette use. Assessing sensory experience, such as cooling, in addition to flavor category may more fully capture e-cigarette flavor use and its impacts on youth e-cigarette use behaviors.
Physicians’ knowledge about palliative care in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study using digital social media platforms
Authors: Biswas Jheelam , Banik Palash Chandra , Ahmad Nezamuddin 
Published: September 2021

Introduction
Palliative care is still a new concept in many developing countries like Bangladesh. Basic knowledge about palliative care is needed for all physicians to identify and provide this care. This study aims to assess the preliminary knowledge level and the misconceptions about this field among physicians.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 479 physicians using a self-administered structured questionnaire adapted from Palliative Care Knowledge Scale (PaCKs) on various digital social media platforms from December 2019 to February 2020. Chi-square, Fisher’s extract test, and the Monte Carlo extract test was done to compare the knowledge level with the study subjects’ demographic variables.

Results
An almost equal number of physicians of both genders from four major specialties and their allied branches took part in the study (response rate 23.9%). The majority (71%) of the respondents had an average to an excellent level of knowledge about palliative care, with a median score of 11.0. Although most physicians had average knowledge about the primary goals and general concepts of palliative care, misconceptions are highly prevalent. The commonly present misconceptions were that palliative care discourages patients from consulting other specialties (88.9%), refrains them from taking curative treatments (83.1%), and this care is only for older adults (74.5%), cancer patients (63%), and the last six months of life (56.4%). Age, educational qualifications, and specialties had significant relationships (P<0.05) with the level of knowledge.

Conclusion
Despite having average or above knowledge about palliative care, the physicians’ prevailing misconceptions act as a barrier to recognizing the need among the target populations. So, proper education and awareness among the physicians are necessary to cross this field’s barrier and development.
PERILAKU ADAPTASI DAN PERUBAHAN PENATAAN HUNIAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Asharhani Imaniar Sofia , Gupitasari Marchelia 
Published: September 2021

Penyesuaian perilaku selama Pandemi Covid-19 akibat perubahan pola kegiatan bekerja dan belajar dari rumah memberikan dampak besar pada kegiatan sehari-hari di dalam rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kepuasan penghuni dan mengungkap ragam modifikasi hunian yang dilakukan selama masa Pandemi Covid-19. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk menjadi rekomendasi desain untuk hunian yang adaptif apabila terjadi perubahan situasi yang tiba-tiba. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif untuk mengetahui kecenderungan kepuasan penghuni pada proses penataan ulang dalam rumah tinggal. Sampel data dikhususkan kepada keluarga yang melaksanakan bekerja dan belajar dari rumah pada masa protokol menjaga jarak ditetapkan. Pengambilan data ditujukan kepada sejumlah narasumber dan dilakukan wawancara mengenai kepuasan mereka terhadap perubahan yang terjadi pada hunian masing- masing. Narasumber tersebut sekaligus berlaku menjadi pengamat perubahan yang terjadi di hunian mereka. Analisis mengenai ragam perubahan dilakukan dengan membuat klasifikasi terhadap jumlah dan jenis perubahan yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan penghuni memiliki kecenderungan kearah positif dengan adanya kompromi terhadap fungsi beragam dalam satu ruangan dan terjadi peningkatan perawatan ruangan, serta kompromi terhadap kebisingan. Tipe perubahan yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah pembagian dan penukaran fungsi ruangan.
Fixed Point Theorem for Multivalued Non-self Mappings in Partial Symmetric Spaces
Authors: Wangwe Lucas , Kumar Santosh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we proved a fixed point theorem for multi-valued non-self mappings in partial symmetric spaces. In doing so, we extended and generalized the results in literature by employing a convex structure for multi-valued non-self mappings using Rhoades type contractions. We also provided an illustrative example to support the results.