bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of antibiotics given during labour and birth on body mass index z scores in children in the All Our Families pregnancy cohort
Authors: Klancic Teja , Black Amanda M. , Reimer Raylene A. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryBackground/objectivesLittle is known about obesity risk associated with intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). Our objective was to determine if maternal antibiotic exposure during birth is associated with child body mass index (BMI) z scores in the first 3 years of life.MethodsIn 2008 to 2010, 3388 pregnant women were recruited to the All Our Families study. Here, we included women with available data from obstetrical records on antibiotic use during birth (n = 1303) and children with at least one valid BMI z score (final sample n = 1262). The primary outcome was infant BMI z score at 1, 2 and 3 years of age.ResultsIAP occurred in 432 of 1262 women. Children exposed to IAP had significantly higher mean [standard error (SE)] BMI z scores (1.071 [0.087] unit) at 1 year of age compared to non‐exposed infants (0.744 [0.064] unit). Although the association was no longer significant after adjustment for confounding factors in the growth trajectory model, IAP resulted in a 0.255 unit increase in BMI z score at 1 year of age. Differences in BMI z score between exposed and non‐exposed at baseline (year 1) only remained significant in sensitivity analysis.ConclusionThe potential association between maternal IAP and increased infant BMI z score at 1 year of age should be confirmed in other cohorts and warrants investigation of interventions to mitigate this possible risk.
Janus composites particles: Prepared via cross‐linking driven one‐step miniemulsion polymerization and as film‐forming material
Authors: Gao Dangge , Zhao Zhouyang , Lyu Bin , Ma Jianzhong , Chang Rui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA kind of Janus polyacrylate (PA)/SiO2 composite latex particles named Janus C‐PA/SiO2 CLPs were prepared via cross‐linking driven in the course of miniemulsion process. The Janus particles with snowman shape were obtained under optimized cross‐linking agent content and silicon source content, and they were used to prepare the film. The properties and microstructure of this film were in comparison with the cross‐linked PA latex particles (C‐PA LPs) without SiO2 nanoparticles and irregular PA/SiO2 composites particles (PA/SiO2 CLPs) without a cross‐linker. The SEM‐EDS results demonstrated that the Si element distribution in the Janus C‐PA/SiO2 film was more uniform than conventional PA/SiO2 film. The AFM results indicated that the twist‐like film were distributed throughout the region, and the Janus C‐PA/SiO2 film had a roughness of 13.4nm. Additionally, the tensile strength and water resistance of the Janus C‐PA/SiO2 film were at least 142.65% and 91% higher than that of the other two films, and it also had the maximum thermal decomposition temperature of 403.14°C. Based on the research results, the relationship between the latex particle structure and film properties was obtained.
A mixed methods evaluation of Girls' Talk+: A sexuality education programme for girls with mild intellectual disabilities
Authors: van den Toren Suzanne J. , de Haas Stans , Dalmijn Eline , Feenstra Hans , van Berlo Willy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundGirls with a mild intellectual disability generally receive less sexuality education than their non‐disabled peers, while their needs for sexual knowledge are possibly greater. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and process of a new sexuality education programme (Girls' Talk+), focused on sexual health among girls with a mild intellectual disability in the Netherlands.MethodsA mixed methods approach was applied, using participant questionnaires (n = 249), logs written by trainers (n = 17) and interviews with trainers (n = 10). Descriptive statistics and linear regression models were used to analyse the quantitative data. Several coding phases were used to analyse the interviews.Results and conclusionsThis study provides some indication that Girls' Talk+ has positive results on improving knowledge, attitude, and self‐efficacy in relation to sexual health as well as trainer and participant satisfaction with the programme.
Excitotoxic stimulation activates distinct pathogenic and protective expression signatures in the hippocampus
Authors: Caba Ebru , Sherman Marcus D. , Farizatto Karen L. G. , Alcira Britney , Wang Hsin‐wei , Giardina Charles , Shin Dong‐Guk , Sandefur Conner I. , Bahr Ben A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExcitotoxic events underlying ischaemic and traumatic brain injuries activate degenerative and protective pathways, particularly in the hippocampus. To understand opposing pathways that determine the brain's response to excitotoxicity, we used hippocampal explants, thereby eliminating systemic variables during a precise protocol of excitatory stimulation. N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) was applied for 20 min and total RNA isolated one and 24 h later for neurobiology‐specific microarrays. Distinct groups of genes exhibited early vs. delayed induction, with 63 genes exclusively reduced 24‐h post‐insult. Egr‐1 and NOR‐1 displayed biphasic transcriptional modulation: early induction followed by delayed suppression. Opposing events of NMDA‐induced genes linked to pathogenesis and cell survival constituted the early expression signature. Delayed degenerative indicators (up‐regulated pathogenic genes, down‐regulated pro‐survival genes) and opposing compensatory responses (down‐regulated pathogenic genes, up‐regulated pro‐survival genes) generated networks with temporal gene profiles mirroring coexpression network clustering. We then used the expression profiles to test whether NF‐κB, a potent transcription factor implicated in both degenerative and protective pathways, is involved in the opposing responses. The NF‐κB inhibitor MG‐132 indeed altered NMDA‐mediated transcriptional changes, revealing components of opposing expression signatures that converge on the single response element. Overall, this study identified counteracting avenues among the distinct responses to excitotoxicity, thereby suggesting multi‐target treatment strategies and implications for predictive medicine.
In Their Own Words: The Impact of Indirect Trauma Exposure on Judges Presiding Over Cases Involving Minors Involved in Sex Trafficking
Authors: Sprang Ginny , Cole Jennifer , Leistner Christine 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThough secondary traumatic stress has been researched extensively among professionals working with youth in diverse professions, there is limited information about judicial experiences working with trafficked youth. This qualitative study involves 82 interviews with juvenile and family court judges to understand the impact of indirect trauma exposure. Over 80% of respondents describe symptoms of secondary traumatic stress and countertransference responses. Notably, 20% with these symptoms also reported increased professional pride in their role performance with these cases. Implications for how judges can address the effects of indirect exposure are offered based on the literature and the recommendations of the respondents.
Dynamic model to describe kinetic behavior of Listeria monocytogenes in smoked salmon
Authors: Kang Joohyun , Oh Hyemin , Lee Yewon , Lee Heeyoung , Lee Soomin , Kim Sejeong , Ha Jimyeong , Choi Yukyung , Kim Yujin , Seo Yeongeun , Park Eunyoung , Kim Hyunjung , Yoon Yohan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, the dynamic model was developed to describe cell counts of Listeria monocytogenes in smoked salmon under distribution conditions. A 9‐strain mixture of L. monocytogenes was inoculated in smoked salmon at 3–4 Log CFU/g. The inoculated samples were stored at 4°C, 10°C, and 20°C for up to 16 days, and the bacterial cell counts were enumerated on PALCAM agar. The Baranyi model was fitted to the L. monocytogenes cell counts to calculate the lag phase duration (LPD; hr) and maximum growth rate (μmax; Log CFU/g/hr). LPD was 74.22 hr at 4°C, and the value was rapidly decreased to 4.84 hr at 20°C as temperature increased. μmax ranged from 0.01 to 0.13 Log CFU/g/hr, depending on the storage temperature. The kinetic parameters were fitted with secondary models as a function of temperature. Cell counts predicted by the developed model were compared with the predicted cell counts obtained at 8°C and 15°C, and the differences between predicted and observed cell counts were indicated by root mean square error (RMSE). The dynamic model was then developed with the kinetic parameters derived from the secondary model and simulated the L. monocytogenes growth. RMSE (0.368) indicates that the model performance was appropriate. These results suggest that the developed kinetic models can be useful in predicting the fates of L. monocytogenes in smoked salmon under the dynamic conditions of storage temperature and time.
Culinary medicine and culinary nutrition education for individuals with the capacity to influence health related behaviour change: A scoping review
Authors: Asher Roberta C , Shrewsbury Vanessa A , Bucher Tamara , Collins Clare E 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundCulinary medicine (CM) or culinary nutrition (CN) education provided to professionals with the capacity to influence behaviour change is an emerging strategy to promote diet quality and reduce the burden of diet related chronic disease in adults. The purpose of this scoping review was to synthesise current research describing CM/CN education provided to or by health, education and culinary professionals, or students of these disciplines.MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) was used. Eleven electronic databases were searched in March 2019. Included studies were: (i) nutrition, health or lifestyle programs with a CM/CN component; (ii) study participants or programs facilitated by people working or training in health, community and/or adult education, or culinary roles where facilitator training was described; (iii) reported in the English language; and (iv) published from 2003.ResultsIn total, 33 studies were included. Nineteen studies delivered programs to general population groups and were facilitated by health professionals and/or health university students. Fourteen studies delivered CM/CN training to health professionals or students. Studies reported changes in participants' culinary skill and nutrition knowledge (n = 18), changes in dietary intake (n = 13), attitudes and behaviour change in healthy eating and cooking (n = 4), and competency in nutrition counselling and knowledge (n = 7).ConclusionsFurther research examining the effectiveness of CM/CN programs, and that describes optimal content, format and timing of the programs, is needed. Research evaluating the impact of training in CM/CN to education and culinary professionals on healthy cooking behaviours of their patients/clients is warranted.
Modulation of tongue motion and tongue pressure during liquid swallowing with different bolus volumes
Authors: Kodama Shohei , Fujiwara Shigehiro , Okawa Jumpei , Shitara Satoko , Hori Kazuhiro , Ono Takahiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe tongue functions by modulating according to bolus volume when swallowing; however, associated tongue dynamics are unclear.ObjectiveWe aimed to clarify how tongue motion and tongue pressure change with bolus volume during swallowing.MethodsSixteen healthy volunteers (age 29.5 ± 3.8 years; 12 males, 4 females) were recruited. Two electromagnetic articulography markers were attached, one each on the anterior and posterior parts of the tongue, to measure motion. A sensor sheet, with five pressure‐sensitive points, was attached to the hard palate to measure tongue pressure. Participants were asked to swallow 3 ml and 10 ml of water. Motion trajectory, maximum velocity, vertical displacement just before contact with the hard palate, and maximum magnitude and duration of tongue pressure were analysed.ResultsTongue rotation was observed in the sagittal plane; its rate of appearance was significantly higher when swallowing 3 ml of water than when swallowing 10 ml, and the rate of rotation at posterior part was significantly higher than at the anterior part. The maximum velocity and vertical displacement were significantly greater when swallowing 10 ml of water than those when swallowing 3 ml of water. There was no significant difference in either the maximum magnitude of tongue pressure or maximum duration of tongue pressure between 3 ml and 10 ml.ConclusionBolus volume influenced the pattern of tongue motion; however, there was no difference in tongue pressure.
Development of pre and post‐operative nomograms to predict individual survival for ideal liver resection candidates with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zeng Jinshu , Zeng Jianxing , Liu Jingfeng , Zeng Jinhua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundLiver resection is currently the only recommended treatment option for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at an early stage, with well‐preserved liver function and no clinically significant portal hypertension. However, this population is heterogeneous, rendering it crucial to develop a risk stratification tool. Therefore, this study aimed to develop preoperative and post‐operative nomograms to predict individual survival and stratify patient risk in the ideal candidates for liver resection.MethodsA total of 1405 ideal liver resection candidates were recruited. Independent risk factors were identified by Cox regression model and used to establish two ideal liver resection for overall survival (IROS) nomograms in training cohort. Model performance was assessed by discrimination, calibration, clinical usefulness. The two model also compared with six other prognostic nomograms and six other staging systems.ResultsMultivariate COX analysis revealed that ALP, ln(AFP), NrLR, PNI, ln(tumor size), microvascular invasion, Edmondson‐Steiner grade and tumour capsular were the independent risk factors associated with mortality. 5 preoperative variables were incorporated to construct IROS‐pre model; All eight available variables were used to draw IROS‐post model. The C‐index, K‐index, time‐dependent AUC and DCA of the two models showed significantly better predictive performances than other models. The models could stratify patients into three different risk groups. The web‐based tools are convenient for clinical practice.ConclusionsThese two nomograms were developed to estimate survival probability and stratify three strata with significantly different outcomes, outperforming other models in training and validation cohorts, as well as different subgroups. Both IROS models will help guide individualized follow‐up.
Hegel’s metaphilosophy of idealism
Authors: Chambers James 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIf, as Hegel claims, all philosophy is idealism, then defining his philosophy in these terms makes his idealism a metaphilosophy. This most obvious fact about his definition is the most overlooked. It is the key to a definitive, comprehensive and clear‐cut interpretation of Hegel’s idealism. If Hegel defines all philosophy as idealism and thus his own idealism as a metaphilosophy, then his own idealism must be both the same as the old philosophies in this respect and also different in the sense that it embodies self‐conscious awareness. Hegel divides philosophy into pre‐reflective, pre‐speculative, unconscious idealism and his own reflective, speculative, thus self‐conscious, absolute idealism. Missing this obvious fact is the Achilles’ heel of Stern’s non‐mentalistic interpretation in the only other in‐depth study of this topic, the object of this article’s critique. If Hegel’s idealism is a metaphilosophy, then it is a radical mentalistic ontology of mind and its thoughts.
Disciplinary power on daily practices of nurses and physicians in the hospital
Authors: Mattar e Silva Tauana W. , McLean Donna , Velloso Isabela C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo understand power relations, it is important to consider that power is an attribute, and whoever has it at a given moment is in the condition of dominant and whoever is under its exercise is dominated. Moreover, we must consider that these positions are interchangeable, changing when relations of force change. Power relations represent the pursuit of supremacy through knowledge, with struggles for better positioning in the social structure. In this study, we analyze the effects of disciplinary power on daily practices of nurses and physicians in the hospital environment, more specifically in intensive care units. From the perspective of disciplines, power is exercised in a discreet, modest, calculated and permanent way, through the establishment of rules and norms. In this context, despite the strong appreciation of a medical‐centered model, it is observed that nurses gain visibility through knowledge and the defense of institutional norms and rules, which can generate tensions in daily professional practices.
Cover Image
Authors: Giovannoni Moira , Marti Lucia , Ferrari Simone , Tanaka‐Takada Natsuki , Maeshima Masayoshi , Ott Thomas , De Lorenzo Giulia , Mattei Benedetta 
Published: August 2021

The cover image is based on the Original Article The plasma membrane–associated Ca2+ ‐binding protein, PCaP1, is required for oligogalacturonide and flagellin‐induced priming and immunity by Moira Giovannoni et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14118.image
Inside Cover Image
Authors: Liu Sijia , Wang Cuilin , Liu Xuedong , Navas‐Castillo Jesús , Zang Lianyi , Fan Zaifeng , Zhu Xiaoping , Zhou Tao 
Published: August 2021

The cover image is based on the Original Article Tomato chlorosis virus–encoded p22 suppresses auxin signalling to promote infection via interference with SKP1‐Cullin‐F‐boxTIR1 complex assembly by Sijia Liu et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14125.image
Utilization of the Boston Children’s Hospital SRTR Cohort Visualization Tool to increase team understanding of reporting cohorts
Authors: Kimball Brendan , O’Melia Laura , Jonas Maureen M. , Cannistraro Sabrina , Kim Heung Bae 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile reviewing outcomes metrics and data from the SRTR, it became apparent that prospective assessment of the SRTR reporting cohorts would be an important proactive strategy for internal quality control. It was particularly important to identify the number of patient deaths and graft failures within 1 year of transplant that would result in being flagged by the UNOS and the MPSC.MethodsA simple Microsoft Excel line graph was created to visually display retrospective, current, and future SRTR cohorts. Data provided by the SRTR CUSUM (https://securesrtr.transplant.hrsa.gov/srtr‐reports/cusum‐charts/) Reports and the SRTR 1 Year Expected Survival Excel Worksheet (https://securesrtr.transplant.hrsa.gov/srtr‐reports/current‐release/) were leveraged to identify whether programs were in jeopardy of being flagged by UNOS/MPSC for outcomes.Results & ConclusionsThe creation of this visual tool has greatly improved team understanding of SRTR report cohorts, as well as the risk of being flagged by regulatory agencies, for adverse outcomes.
Sun protection behaviour in organ transplant recipients and non‐transplant patients attending a dermatology outpatient clinic in Sweden: A questionnaire survey
Authors: Stenman Caroline , Gillstedt Martin , Barck Lykke , Gonzalez Helena , Halldin Christina , Wallinder Andreas , Paoli John , Osmancevic Amra , Claeson Magdalena 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground/purposeOrgan transplant recipients (OTRs) are at high risk of developing skin cancer and are therefore advised to protect their skin against ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Specialized OTR clinics with dermatological follow‐up may improve sun habits among OTRs. In this study, we compared self‐reported sun exposure and sun protection behaviour between OTRs and non‐transplant patients (non‐TPs) and between OTRs with and without special dermatological follow‐up.MethodsPatients from Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, completed a sun exposure questionnaire. Between 2011 and 2015, 282 OTRs transplanted in the period 1976‐2014 and 414 non‐TPs were recruited among dermatological outpatients. Participants were stratified into five groups by their status as OTRs or non‐TPs and by attendance to dermatological follow‐up.ResultsMore non‐TPs than OTRs reported one or more sunburns in the past year, 46% vs. 20%, P < .0001). More OTRs with than OTRs without dermatological follow‐up reported frequent use of sunscreens (63% vs 44%, P = .006). More OTRs with follow‐up used one or more sun protection measure such as covering clothes, than other OTRs (54% vs 34%, P = .016).ConclusionIn this study, OTRs reported less sun exposure than non‐TPs. Specialized dermatological follow‐up seems to improve sun protection behaviour among OTRs. We suggest that specialized OTR clinics should be more broadly implemented.
Indirect standardization for rare events and a dynamic standard population rate: An analysis and simulation of U.S. military suicide mortality rates
Authors: Smolenski Derek J. , Balcena Parrish P. , Tucker Jennifer , Curry Justin C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionComparing suicide mortality rates between the U.S. military and U.S. general populations is common in lay and professional literature. Standardization is required for this comparison to account for differences in the population structure, but small event counts complicate the analysis.MethodsWe demonstrated the performance of direct, indirect, and reverse‐direct standardization using U.S. military and U.S. general population suicide mortality data from 2011 to 2018. We also used simulations of direct and indirect standardization in annual comparisons, and over time for the standardized mortality ratio in Poisson regression.ResultsIndirect standardization outperformed direct standardization for annual rate standardization. Direct standardization with combined subgroups can produce a biased estimate. Reverse‐direct standardization was unbiased, but it generally yields incorrect interval estimates. Over 2011–2018, the U.S. military suicide mortality data were very consistent with the U.S. general population.ConclusionIndirect standardization provides more flexibility in rate standardization with rare outcomes. For comparisons between the U.S. military and the U.S. general populations, it can provide valid point and interval estimates of standardized rates and ratios both within a single year and between years without combining categories to account for sparseness.
Analysis of Multi-Stage Running-In Process of Sn-11Sb-6Cu Alloy and AISI 1045 With Phase Trajectory Plot
Authors: Zhou Yuankai , Zhao Huan , Zuo Xue 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Running-in of the main bearings of a diesel engine is a crucial process before service. The running-in period can be divided into several stages, in which different running-in conditions are used. This is termed as multi-stage running-in, which is a good way to enhance running-in quality. In order to reveal the evolution of phase trajectory and compare the running-in quality, the running-in tests were performed with the material of a bearing bush (Sn-11Sb-6Cu) and shaft (AISI 1045). The running-in quality was comprehensively evaluated via friction coefficient, phase trajectory, and surface topography. Results indicate that the phase trajectories show a trend of stage-by-stage convergence. A multi-stage running-in can achieve a more stable attractor, lower friction coefficient and smoother surface, that is, a better running-in quality than the constant running-in scheme. This study provides a reference for formulating running-in specifications for sliding bearings.