bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic and socioeconomic inequalities in ideal cardiovascular health: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Janković Janko , Mandić-Rajčević Stefan , Davidović Maša , Janković Slavenka 
Published: August 2021

Background
In 2010, the American Heart Association introduced a new concept of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) defined as the simultaneous presence of 7 favorable CVH metrics (smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose). The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies examining the prevalence of ideal CVH, and each of the ideal CVH metrics as well as the relationship between socio-demographic determinants and ideal CVH.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Medline and Scopus databases for studies published between 1 January 2010 and 30 June 2020. A total of 50 studies including 2,148,470 participants were analyzed. Associations were estimated using DerSimonian-Laird random-effect models. Heterogeneity was investigated through subgroup analyses, Q-test, and I2 statistics.

Results
This study showed a low prevalence of ideal CVH defining as 6 and 7 ideal metrics (3.3%). Among seven ideal CVH metrics, smoking was the best metric (71%), while the poorest CVH metric was a healthy diet (5.8%). Gender was a statistically significant moderator of ideal smoking (81% in females and 60% in males) and ideal blood pressure (42% in females and 30% in males). Females and young adults had better CVH status compared to males and older adults. Also, more educated and better-off individuals had a greater number of ideal CVH metrics.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on the relationship between participants’ socioeconomic status and ideal CVH. The results suggest that the prevalence of ideal CVH and most metrics was unsatisfactory. In order to achieve the improvement of the CVH metrics and the overall ideal CVH, nationwide prevention efforts at the population and individual levels are urgently needed.
Evaluation of automated specialty palliative care in the intensive care unit: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Secunda Katharine E. , Krolikowski Kristyn A. , Savage Madeline F. , Kruser Jacqueline M. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
Automated specialty palliative care consultation (SPC) has been proposed as an intervention to improve patient-centered care in the intensive care unit (ICU). Existing automated SPC trigger criteria are designed to identify patients at highest risk of in-hospital death. We sought to evaluate common mortality-based SPC triggers and determine whether these triggers reflect actual use of SPC consultation. We additionally aimed to characterize the population of patients who receive SPC without meeting mortality-based triggers.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all adult ICU admissions from 2012–2017 at an academic medical center with five subspecialty ICUs to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the five most common SPC triggers for predicting receipt of SPC. Among ICU admissions receiving SPC, we assessed differences in patients who met any SPC trigger compared to those who met none.

Results
Of 48,744 eligible admissions, 1,965 (4.03%) received SPC; 979 (49.82%) of consultations met at least 1 trigger. The sensitivity and specificity for any trigger predicting SPC was 49.82% and 79.61%, respectively. Patients who met no triggers but received SPC were younger (62.71 years vs 66.58 years, mean difference (MD) 3.87 years (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.44–5.30) p<0.001), had longer ICU length of stay (11.43 days vs 8.42 days, MD -3.01 days (95% CI -4.30 –-1.72) p<0.001), and had a lower rate of in-hospital death (48.68% vs 58.12%, p<0.001).

Conclusion
Mortality-based triggers for specialty palliative care poorly reflect actual use of SPC in the ICU. Reliance on such triggers may unintentionally overlook an important population of patients with clinician-identified palliative care needs.
COVID-19 severity: Studying the clinical and demographic risk factors for adverse outcomes
Authors: Shoaib Naila , Noureen Naila , Munir Rimsha , Shah Farhad Ali , Ishtiaq Noshaba , Jamil Nazia , Batool Rida , Khalid Mohammad , Khan Ihsan , Iqbal Naser , Zaidi Nousheen 
Published: August 2021

Background
The primary goal of the presented cross-sectional observational study was to determine the clinical and demographic risk factors for adverse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes in the Pakistani population.

Methods
We examined the individuals (n = 6331) that consulted two private diagnostic centers in Lahore, Pakistan, for COVID-19 testing between May 1, 2020, and November 30, 2020. The attending nurse collected clinical and demographic information. A confirmed case of COVID-19 was defined as having a positive result through real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasopharyngeal swab specimens.

Results
RT-PCR testing was positive in 1094 cases. Out of which, 5.2% had severe, and 20.8% had mild symptoms. We observed a strong association of COVID-19 severity with the number and type of comorbidities. The severity of the disease intensified as the number of comorbidities increased. The most vulnerable groups for the poor outcome are patients with diabetes and hypertension. Increasing age was also associated with PCR positivity and the severity of the disease.

Conclusions
Most cases of COVID-19 included in this study developed mild symptoms or were asymptomatic. Risk factors for adverse outcomes included older age and the simultaneous presence of comorbidities.
Effectiveness of the school-based oral health promotion programmes from preschool to high school: A systematic review
Authors: Bramantoro Taufan , Santoso Cornelia Melinda Adi , Hariyani Ninuk , Setyowati Dini , Zulfiana Amalia Ayu , Nor Nor Azlida Mohd , Nagy Attila , Pratamawari Dyah Nawang Palupi , Irmalia Wahyuning Ratih 
Published: August 2021

Background
Schools offer an opportunity for oral health promotion in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the influence of school-based oral health promotion programmes on oral health knowledge (OHK), behaviours (OHB), attitude (OHA), status (OHS), and quality of life (OHRQoL) of children and adolescents.

Methods
A systematic search on the PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to identify eligible studies. The last search was done on April 24th, 2020. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools.

Results
Of the 997 articles identified, 31 articles were included in this review. Seven studies targeted students in preschools, seventeen in elementary schools, and seven in high schools. Most of these studies revealed positive outcomes. Some studies showed that the school-based oral health promotion programmes showed better OHK, OHB, OHS, and OHRQoL.

Conclusion
Positive results were obtained through oral health promotion programmes in schools, especially those involving children, teachers, and parents.
Sexual dysfunction among men with diabetes mellitus attending chronic out-patient department at the three hospitals of Northwest Amhara region, Ethiopia: Prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Getie Mekonnen Eskedar , Yeshita Hedija Yenus , Bishaw Geremew Alehegn 
Published: August 2021

Background
Sexual dysfunction is the commonest reproductive health problem observed among men with diabetes mellitus affecting their quality of life. Previous studies conducted in this area were concentrated on the specific domains of sexual dysfunction, and factors were not well-addressed. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of all forms of sexual dysfunction and to identify its associated factors among diabetic men patients attending at the three hospitals of the Amhara region, Ethiopia.

Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 462 men diabetic patients at the three hospitals of the northwest Amhara region. A systemic random sampling technique was employed. A face-to-face interviewer-administered change in the sexual functioning questionnaire was used to collect the required data from the 20th of February to the 15th of April 2020. The binary logistic regression was employed and a multivariable logistic regressions model was used to control the effect of confounders. Variables that had an independent correlation with the sexual dysfunction were identified based on a p-value≤ 0.05. Likewise, the direction and strength of association were interpreted using Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with its corresponding 95% CI.

Results
The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was found to be 69.5% (95%CI: (65.1–73.9)). The magnitude of sexual dysfunction was prevalently observed among participants who were older (> 50 years) (AOR = 8.7, 95%CI: (3.3–23.1)). Likewise, the odds of sexual dysfunction was significantly higher among men who have lived with diabetes for a longer duration (AOR = 10.8, 95%CI: (5.3–21.9)), with poor metabolic control (AOR = 3.57, 95%CI: (1.81–7.05)), with comorbid illnesses (AOR = 5.07, 95%CI: (2.16–11.9)), and diabetic-related complications (AOR = 3.01, 95%CI: 1.31–6.92). On the other hand, participants who were physically active (AOR = 0.41, 95%CI: (0.12–0.7)) and satisfied with their relationship (AOR = 0.15, 95%CI: (0.03–0.7)) showed a lesser risk of experiencing sexual dysfunction.

Conclusion
Well over two-thirds of men with diabetes mellitus have experienced sexual dysfunction, implying a public health pressing problem. Older age, lack of physical activity, living longer duration with diabetes, having diabetic complications, experiencing co-morbid illnesses, being unsatisfied with couple relationship, and poor metabolic control increased the risk of developing SD. Therefore, promoting physical exercise, preventing co-morbid illnesses, and couples counseling to build up a good couple relationship are recommended to promote the sexual and reproductive health of men with diabetes.
Literatura e(m) mídias
Authors: Da Silva Pardo Fernando , Cristina Marins Liliam 
Published: August 2021

Este artigo objetiva suscitar reflexões e insights em relação ao estímulo de práticas pedagógicas que possam considerar o trabalho com a literatura e(m) outras mídias. Partimos da hipótese de que a construção de tais práticas para além de sequências didáticas pré-moldadas, que parecem lançar mão das adaptações intermidiáticas como uma prótese provisória para se chegar ao texto literário escrito, exigiria um passo adiante da mera integração entre as disciplinas e a constituição de epistemologias de fronteira – entre disciplinas, mídias e abordagens teóricas. A partir de um aporte baseado em autores como Clüver (2012), Rajewski (2005) e Wolf (2011), consideramos como o conceito de expansão interpretativa (MONTE MÓR, 2018) pode promover a construção de uma praxis indisciplinada na abordagem das adaptações intermidiáticas literárias no ensino, provocando a literatura a sair de sua “disciplina” tanto em questões curriculares, quanto em relação a uma tradição pautada na égide da escrita e do cânone.
A Revista O Ensino (PR) no início do século XX
Authors: Zanlorenzi Claudia Maria Petchak , Nascimento Maria Isabel Moura 
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade apresentar um estudo que teve como questão norteadora a revista O Ensino e o trabalho da Inspetoria Geral de Ensino do Paraná, como ressonância do movimento político no país em relação à alfabetização no início da do século XX. Para tanto, por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e do exame documental, foi possível analisar as notícias da fonte primária, catalogar os textos e excertos que tratavam sobre a alfabetização e por fim fazer a reflexão conforme os objetivos do trabalho. Esse trabalho, longe de desvalorizar os esforços empreendidos por esse órgão governamental e que eram reflexos das condições materiais do período, teve a finalidade de problematizar uma etapa de ensino, considerada um entrave para a modernização da sociedade republicana.
Low free-T3 serum levels and prognosis of COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Llamas Michael , Garo Maria Luisa , Giovanella Luca 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
There is increasing interest regarding the relationship between serum levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3) and outcomes of COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) patients. As several recent reports have described a worse prognosis in patients with low fT3 levels, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic role of fT3 serum levels in patients with COVID-19 as this information could be clinically relevant for the management of these patients.

Methods
The methodology was registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) database under the protocol number CRD42021260952. A systematic search was carried out on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from May to June 2021 without time and language restrictions. The literature search strategy was based on the following keywords: (T3 OR fT3 OR triiodothyronine) AND (COVID-19) AND (prognosis OR survival).

Results
The literature search identified 163 studies. Seven retrospective studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The included studies had a total of 1,183 patients. From the analysis of the included studies, lower fT3 serum levels were consistently observed in intensive care unit (ICU) than in non-ICU patients and in non-survivors than survivors, respectively.

Conclusions
Serum fT3 concentrations are significantly lower in patients with severe COVID-19 than in non-severely ill patients and predict all-cause mortality of patients with severe COVID-19. Accordingly, fT3 may become a simple tool for stratified management of patients with severe COVID-19.
Exploring European childrenʼs self-reported data on online aggression
Authors: Ponte Cristina , Carvalho Maria João Leote de , Batista Susana 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To address the topic of children’s online aggression, this article explores a subsample from the EU Kids Online dataset (2017–2019) of 1404 children, aged 9–16, who reported having engaged in aggressive acts online in the previous year. Through a cluster analysis, respondents were classified into three groups. Findings emphasize the risk factors for aggression and how they relate to age-specific developmental tasks. Boys predominate, but the gender gap is not as wide as in offline contexts. For almost half of the children, aggression goes hand in hand with victimization. All the clusters share high levels of emotional deprivation. A sense of lacking social support, from both adults and peers, becomes more relevant among those children with high and more problematic engagement in online aggression. Results confirm that online aggression must be considered within the complex and fluid offline–online continuum cutting across the social contexts in which children grow.
Efficiency of selection–biotechnological system of selection for creation of breeding source material of sunflower resistant to herbicides and broomrape
Authors: Babych Viktoria , Kuchuk Mykola , Sharipina Yaroslava , Parii Miroslav , Parii Yaroslav , Borovska Irina , Symonenko Yuri V. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The sunflower is a strategically important oil crop. Every year the area under this crop grows, and the rapid returning of sunflowers back to the fields provokes the formation of new more aggressive races of broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.). Broomrape is a parasite that interferes with the normal development of sunflower and can lead to significant crop losses. For creating a sunflower hybrid (F1) it is needed to cross the parental components, which have a complex of important traits, among which there is a resistance to the herbicides and a broomrape. Considering that the creation of each of the components of the hybrid involves many years of painstaking work in the breeding process, modern approaches and methods are used to accelerate the creation of a new source material. Thus, using the technology of cultivating immature embryos in vitro culture, it is possible to reduce the time to create lines resistant to herbicides, for example. And during selection for resistance to pathogenic organisms, testing is most often used against an artificial infectious background, both in the field and in laboratory conditions, in order to differentiate the material on this basis. The aim of this work was to establish the effectiveness system when creating an initial breeding material resistant to herbicides and broomrape. As a result of testing the lines on an artificial infectious background, was identified plants which have high resistance to the G-race broomrape and were isolated from hybrid combinations resistant to tribenuron-methyl and imidazolinones. Thus, among the analyzed plants which are resistant to tribenuron‐methyl, four lines were isolated, which are highly resistant to the G-race broomrape from a hybrid combinations BH0118/SURES–2 (101/1, 101/4, 101/6, 101/7), and BH0318/SURES–2 (101/21, 101/24, 101/28, 101/30), and five lines (101/11, 101/12, 101/16, 101/17, 101/18) from a hybrid combination BH0218/SURES–2. Among imidazolinone-resistant sunflower lines – line 3 was isolated as highly resistant to the G-race broomrape.
Profit evaluation inclusive of reserve pricing for renewable-integrated GENCOs
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Dwivedi Bharti , Shrivastava Nitin Anand 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Under the deregulated market scenario, the electric power industry is rapidly getting transformed due to integration of increasing renewable generation. Profit maximization has always been of highest priority for all the stakeholders. The generation planning problem is an important problem in the operation and planning of power systems which is required to be solved to accomplish the maximum profit. The individual GENeration COmpanies (GENCOs) are envisioning their most profitable Unit Commitment (UC) in the light of the available forecasts of availability of solar and wind power, energy prices and reserve prices during a given scheduling period. This paper presents a UC strategy for GENCOs’ profit with a generation portfolio comprising thermal generation, wind generation, and solar PV generation in different combinations. Priority List Method (PLM) and Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with Time-Varying Acceleration Coefficients (PSO-TVAC) solution technique is deployed on the MATLAB platform. The aim is to maximize the profit while satisfying the load demand together with maintaining sufficient reserve at each hour. Sensitivity analysis of profit has also been carried out to showcase the impact of different pricing techniques, different parameters chosen and the different bidding prices for the power dispatched as well as for the reserve power maintained. The observations that emerged through the presented solution model may help develop an insight to the GENCOs to gain maximum profits.
A predictor–corrector compact finite difference scheme for a nonlinear partial integro-differential equation
Authors: Hu Shufang , Qiu Wenlin , Chen Hongbin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA predictor–corrector compact finite difference scheme is proposed for a nonlinear partial integro-differential equation. In our method, the time direction is approximated by backward Euler scheme and the Riemann–Liouville (R–L) fractional integral term is treated by means of first order convolution quadrature suggested by Lubich. Meanwhile, a two-step predictor–corrector (P–C) algorithm called MacCormack method is used. A fully discrete scheme is constructed with space discretization by compact finite difference method. Numerical experiment presents the scheme is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
Performance analysis of APD and PIN diode with and without EDFA in GPON
Authors: Sharma Raju , Gupta Anuj Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) is a passive optical network that provides faster data transmission and reception using point-to-multipoint access technology with single fiber. Using passive splitter in distribution network to keep the costs down, its 2.5 Gbits/sec bandwidth can be split up to 64 times. This paper presents the study of max Q-factor, min bit error rate (BER) using Opti system 17. In this study return to zero (RZ) and nonreturn to zero (NRZ) line codes analyzed by using P-insulator-N (PIN) and avalanche photo diode (APD) receivers. This paper also studies the impact of CW laser power on Q factor and min BER of GPON with and without erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).
Diet of Hoffmann’s two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) in Andean forest
Authors: Sánchez-Chavez Andrea del Pilar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Hoffmann’s two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) is a species which could potentially be evaluated as threatened, but data on its natural history in wild conditions are still insufficient. The diet in wildlife of C. hoffmanni was studied through of microhistological analysis of indigestible fragments of leaves found in 43 feces samples collected of the 47 samples found in an Andean forest reserve south of Bogotá, Colombia. Four samples were highly decomposed and were not collected. A reference collection was made of 29 tree species where the feces were found or two-toed sloth were observed, to compare with the plant fragments found in the feces. Seventeen species and six fragments of foliar epidermis of undetermined species were identified in sloth diet. Based on this analysis, C. hoffmanni is a generalist folivore, ingesting a wide variety of plant leaves. Based on frequency of occurrence, relative frequency, and percent cover by volume, Brunellia sibundoya, Cordia cylindrostachya, Citharexylum sp., Quercus humboldtii, and Clethra fagifolia made up most (74%) of the diet of C. hoffmanni in an Andean forest. Comparing the plant species found in the feces with the reference collection, C. hoffmanni appears to deposit feces at the base of the trees that it consumes.
Nano-ablative immunotherapy for cancer treatment
Authors: Hoover Ashley R. , Liu Kaili , Valerio Trisha I. , Li Min , Mukherjee Priyabrata , Chen Wei R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Immunotherapy has provided a new avenue to treat metastatic cancers, which result in ∼90% of cancer related deaths. However, current immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint therapy (ICT), have met with limited success, primarily due to tumor intrinsic and extrinsic factors that inhibit antitumor immune responses. To overcome the immune suppression of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhance the tumoricidal activity of ICT, phototherapy, particularly photothermal therapy (PTT), combined with nanomedicine has become a viable option. PTT disrupts target tumor homeostasis, releasing tumor associated antigens (TAAs), tumor specific antigens (TSAs), danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and scarce nutrients required to “feed” activated antitumor immune cells. While nanoparticles localize and specify the phototherapeutic effect, they can also be loaded with immune stimulants, TME modulators, and/or chemotherapeutic agents to greatly enhance immune stimulation and tumor killing. Combining these three technologies, which we term nano-ablative immunotherapy (NAIT), with ICT can greatly enhance their therapeutic effects. In this review, we will discuss the successes and limitations of NAIT + ICT. Specifically, we will discuss how the TME limits tumoricidal activity and what should be considered to overcome these limitations.