bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natriuretic peptides are neuroprotective on in vitro models of PD and promote dopaminergic differentiation of hiPSCs-derived neurons via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Giovannini Daniela , Andreola Federica , Spitalieri Paola , Krasnowska Ewa Krystyna , Colini Baldeschi Arianna , Rossi Simona , Sangiuolo Federica , Cozzolino Mauro , Serafino Annalucia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOver the last 20 years, the efforts to develop new therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) have focused not only on the improvement of symptomatic therapy for motor and non-motor symptoms but also on the discovering of the potential causes of PD, in order to develop disease-modifying treatments. The emerging role of dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the onset and progression of PD, as well as of other neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), renders the targeting of this signaling an attractive therapeutic opportunity for curing this brain disorder. The natriuretic peptides (NPs) atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), are cardiac and vascular-derived hormones also widely expressed in mammalian CNS, where they seem to participate in numerous brain functions including neural development/differentiation and neuroprotection. We recently demonstrated that ANP affects the Wnt/β-catenin pathway possibly through a Frizzled receptor-mediated mechanism and that it acts as a neuroprotective agent in in vitro models of PD by upregulating this signaling. Here we provide further evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of this class of natriuretic hormones. Specifically, we demonstrate that all the three natriuretic peptides are neuroprotective for SHSY5Y cells and primary cultures of DA neurons from mouse brain, subjected to neurotoxin insult with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) for mimicking the neurodegeneration of PD, and these effects are associated with the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, ANP, BNP, CNP are able to improve and accelerate the dopaminergic differentiation and maturation of hiPSCs-derived neural population obtained from two differed healthy donors, concomitantly affecting the canonical Wnt signaling. Our results support the relevance of exogenous ANP, BNP, and CNP as attractive molecules for both neuroprotection and neurorepair in PD, and more in general, in NDs for which aberrant Wnt signaling seems to be the leading pathogenetic mechanism.
OBV (obscure vein), a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor, positively regulates chloroplast development and bundle sheath extension formation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaf veins
Authors: Lu Jinghua , Pan Chunyang , Li Xin , Huang Zejun , Shu Jinshuai , Wang Xiaoxuan , Lu Xiaoxiao , Pan Feng , Hu Junling , Zhang Hui , Su Wenyue , Zhang Min , Du Yongchen , Liu Lei , Guo Yanmei , Li Junming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLeaf veins play an important role in plant growth and development, and the bundle sheath (BS) is believed to greatly improve the photosynthetic efficiency of C4 plants. The OBV mutation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) results in dark veins and has been used widely in processing tomato varieties. However, physiological performance has difficulty explaining fitness in production. In this study, we confirmed that this mutation was caused by both the increased chlorophyll content and the absence of bundle sheath extension (BSE) in the veins. Using genome-wide association analysis and map-based cloning, we revealed that OBV encoded a C2H2L domain class transcription factor. It was localized in the nucleus and presented cell type-specific gene expression in the leaf veins. Furthermore, we verified the gene function by generating CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and overexpression mutants of the tomato gene. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that OBV was involved in regulating chloroplast development and photosynthesis, which greatly supported the change in chlorophyll content by mutation. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that OBV affected the growth and development of tomato by regulating chloroplast development in leaf veins. This study also provides a solid foundation to further decipher the mechanism of BSEs and to understand the evolution of photosynthesis in land plants.
Clinical characteristics of Demodex-associated recurrent hordeola: an observational, comparative study
Authors: Jun Sung Yeon , Choi Yeon Jung , Lee Bo Ram , Lee Sang Un , Kim Sung Chul 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOur study evaluated the association between Demodex infestation and recurrent hordeola and examined the clinical features associated with these eyelid lesions. This was an observational, comparative study. We reviewed 250 patients and divided them into the recurrent hordeolum (n = 153) and control (n = 97) groups. Demodex infestation was detected by epilating eyelashes around the lesion/s and viewing them under a light microscope. Patient medical records and photographs were retrospectively analyzed to identify the clinical characteristics of Demodex-associated recurrent hordeola. Demodex was detected in 91 (59.5%) and 17 (17.5%) patients in the recurrent hordeolum and control groups (p < 0.001), respectively. In the recurrent hordeolum group, Demodex mites were found in 74 (68.5%) and 17 (37.8%) of the adult and pediatric patients (p < 0.001), respectively. Among patients with recurrent hordeola, patients in their 20s were most likely to have concomitant Demodex infestation. Patients with Demodex infestations were also more likely to develop recurrent lesions within a shorter period of time from the primary incision and curettage. The most common presentation of Demodex-associated recurrent lesions was external hordeola (67%) (p = 0.002). Demodex infestation may cause recurrent hordeola in adults and children. These mites may play a greater role in the development of lesions in adult patients. The strongest association between Demodex infestation and recurrent lesions was seen in patients in their 20s. Our results suggest that if the hordeola recur within a short period of time with the clinical characteristics of external location of eyelid, multiple numbers of lesions, or anterior blepharitis, eyelash epilation should be performed to identify the presence of Demodex mites.
Zeolite-based nanocomposite as a smart pH-sensitive nanovehicle for release of xylanase as poultry feed supplement
Authors: Dashtestani Fariba , Ma’mani Leila , Jokar Farzaneh , Maleki Morteza , Eskandari Fard Mohammad , Hosseini Salekdeh Ghasem 
Published: November 2021

AbstractXylanase improves poultry nutrition by degrading xylan in the cell walls of feed grains and release the entrapped nutrients. However, the application of xylanase as a feed supplement is restricted to its low stability in the environment and gastrointestinal (GI) tract of poultry. To overcome these obstacles, Zeozyme NPs as a smart pH-responsive nanosystem was designed based on xylanase immobilization on zeolitic nanoporous as the major cornerstone that was modified with L-lysine. The immobilized xylanase was followed by encapsulating with a cross-linked CMC-based polymer. Zeozyme NPs was structurally characterized using TEM, SEM, AFM, DLS, TGA and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms at liquid nitrogen temperature. The stability of Zeozyme NPs was evaluated at different temperatures, pH, and in the presence of proteases. Additionally, the release pattern of xylanase was investigated at a digestion model mimicking the GI tract. Xylanase was released selectively at the duodenum and ileum (pH 6–7.1) and remarkably preserved at pH ≤ 6 including proventriculus, gizzard, and crop (pH 1.6–5). The results confirmed that the zeolite equipped with the CMC matrix could enhance the xylanase thermal and pH stability and preserve its activity in the presence of proteases. Moreover, Zeozyme NPs exhibited a smart pH-dependent release of xylanase in an in vitro simulated GI tract.
Risk factor-based optimal endoscopic surveillance intervals after endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric adenoma
Authors: Noh Choong-Kyun , Lee Eunyoung , Lee Gil Ho , Lim Sun Gyo , Lee Kee Myung , Roh Jin , Kim Young Bae , Park Bumhee , Shin Sung Jae 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo date, there exists no established endoscopic surveillance interval strategy after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric adenoma. In this study, we suggest a risk factor-based statistical model for optimal surveillance intervals for gastric adenoma after ESD with curative resection. A cox proportional hazard model was applied to identify risk factors for recurrence after ESD. Patients (n = 698) were categorized into groups based on the identified risk factors. The cumulative density of recurrence over time was computed using a cubic splined baseline hazard function, and the customized surveillance interval was modeled for each risk group. The overall cumulative incidence of recurrence was 7.3% (n = 51). Risk factors associated with recurrence were male (hazard ratio [HR], 2.60, P = 0.030), protruded scar (HR, 3.18, P < 0.001), and age ≥ 59 years (HR, 1.05, P < 0.001). The surveillance interval for each group was developed by using the recurrence limit for the generated risk groups. According to the developed schedule, high-risk patients would have a maximum of seven surveillance visits for 5 years, whereas low-risk patients would have biennial surveillance for cancer screening. We proposed a simple and promising strategy for determining a better endoscopic surveillance interval by parameterizing diverse and group-specific recurrence risk factors into a well-known survival model.
Language Variation in the Writing of African American Students: Factors Predicting Reading Achievement
Authors: Fitton Lisa , Johnson Lakeisha , Wood Carla , Schatschneider Christopher , Hart Sara A. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This study aims to examine the predictive relation between measures obtained from African American students' written narrative language samples and reading achievement, as measured by standardized academic assessments.

Method
Written language samples were elicited from 207 African American students in Grades 1–8. The samples were examined for morphosyntactic variations from standardized written Generalized American English (GAE). These variations were categorized as either (a) specific to African American English (AAE) or (b) neutral across AAE and standardized written GAE (i.e., considered ungrammatical both in AAE and in standardized written GAE). Structural equation modeling was employed to then examine the predictive relation between the density of AAE-specific forms in students' writing and their performance on standardized assessments of literacy and reading vocabulary. This relation was examined while accounting for the density of dialect-neutral morphosyntactic forms, reported family income, age, and written sample length.

Results
The written samples were highly variable in terms of morphosyntax. Younger students and those from lower income homes tended to use AAE-specific forms at higher rates. However, the density of AAE-specific forms did not significantly predict standardized literacy scores or reading vocabulary after accounting for dialect-neutral variations, income, and sample length.

Conclusions
These results support the ongoing need to better understand the language, literacy, and overall academic development of students from all backgrounds. It may be essential to focus on dialect-neutral language forms (i.e., morphosyntactic forms that are consistent across both AAE and standardized written GAE) in written samples to maximize assessment validity across students who speak varying dialects of English.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16879558
140–315 GHz spectrum measurement system and application to radiation pattern measurement
Authors: Sekine Yuji , Takizawa Masanori , Mattori Shigenori , Fuse Masaaki , Shioiri Ken , Noda Hanako 
Published: October 2021

AbstractConsidering the recent increase in the frequency of wireless communications, we have developed a spectrum measurement system in the 140–315 GHz range. The measurement system has a low spurious response by pre‐selector over the whole band. For application, we measured radiation patterns emitted from a horn antenna, and the result shows that the measurement system is applicable to EIRP (equivalent isotropic radiated power) measurement of transmitters.
QuaSiMo: A composable library to program hybrid workflows for quantum simulation
Authors: Nguyen Thien , Bassman Oftelie Lindsay , Lotshaw Phillip C. , Lyakh Dmitry , McCaskey Alexander , Leyton‐Ortega Vicente , Pooser Raphael , Elwasif Wael , Humble Travis S. , de Jong Wibe A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA composable design scheme is presented for the development of hybrid quantum/classical algorithms and workflows for applications of quantum simulation. The proposed object‐oriented approach is based on constructing an expressive set of common data structures and methods that enables programming of a broad variety of complex hybrid quantum simulation applications. The abstract core of the scheme is distilled from the analysis of the current quantum simulation algorithms. Subsequently, it allows synthesis of new hybrid algorithms and workflows via the extension, specialisation, and dynamic customisation of the abstract core classes defined by the proposed design. The design scheme is implemented using the hardware‐agnostic programming language QCOR into the QuaSiMo library. To validate the implementation, the authors test and show its utility on commercial quantum processors from IBM and Rigetti, running some prototypical quantum simulations.
Influence of oil–paper configuration on electric field distribution of main insulation structure on valve‐side winding of UHV‐DC converter transformer
Authors: Yang Lijun , Cheng Zhidong , Cheng Li , Liao Ruijin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe main insulation structure of the valve‐side winding of converter transformer bears the effect of AC and DC superimposed voltage during operation. The electric field intensity in the pressboard is much higher than that in the pressboard in the AC transformer. This condition increases the probability of failure of insulation structure. Therefore, the design and optimization of the main insulation structure of the valve‐side winding are keys to ensure the stable operation of converter transformer. This study establishes a model of the main insulation structure of the valve‐side winding of the ±1100 kV converter transformer. The influence of the insulating oil–paper configuration on the electric field distribution of the main insulation structure of the valve‐side winding is analysed, and then, an optimization idea is proposed. The oil–paper configuration includes two aspects: oil–paper insulation structural design and combination selection, that is, the influence of typical oil–paper structural design parameters and the aging state of different oil–paper combinations on the electric field distribution. Finally, the optimization idea of the oil–paper configuration for valve‐side winding of converter transformer is obtained, and the established model is optimized.
Fast recognition method for citrus under complex environments based on improved YOLOv3
Authors: Xiao Xu , Huang Jingjing , Li Ming , Xu Yongwei , Zhang Hongduo , Wen Chaowu , Dai Sihui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHere, the improved multi‐scale YOLO algorithm (Improved‐YOLOv3) is presented, which was proposed to realize fast and accurate recognition of citrus fruit in a field environment. With the modification of the YOLO‐styled network model, a darknet‐53 backbone network with residual modules was designed. A multi‐scale detection module was to construct a network model for rapid recognition of citrus fruit in complex environments. Using the improved model to detect and identify citrus fruit targets, the network model can extract more feature information. The improved YOLOv3 model was tested with citrus data, and the detection performance of the improved network and the influence of the number of backbone network layers on the feature extraction capability were compared. The results showed a good detection ability (detection rate, accuracy, map, detection speed) for the target fruit, and the improved YOLOv3 network showed higher accuracy. Moreover, the performance of different training models were compared: the Improved‐YOLOv3 has stronger robustness, higher detection accuracy, and shorter training time, and can recognize citrus in complex field environments. The experiment showed that the precision of Improved‐YOLOv3 was 90.5% and the accuracy reached 94.3%, the recall rate was 90.3%, the detection time was 9.89 ms per frame, which could provide technical support for this visual recognition system of citrus picking robot.
Mitigating stellar activity jitter with different line lists for least-squares deconvolution
Authors: Bellotti S. , Petit P. , Morin J. , Hussain G. A. J. , Folsom C. P. , Carmona A. , Delfosse X. , Moutou C. 
Published: October 2021

Context. Stellar activity limits the radial velocity (RV) search and characterisation of exoplanets, as it introduces spurious noise (called jitter) in the data sets and prevents the correct retrieval of a planetary signal. This is key for M dwarfs, considering that they manifest high activity levels and are primary targets for present and future searches of habitable Earth-like planets. To perform precise RV measurements, multi-line numerical techniques like cross-correlation and least-squares deconvolution (LSD) are typically employed.
Aims. Effective filtering of activity is crucial to achieving the sensitivity required for small planet detections. Here we analyse the impact of selecting different line lists for LSD on the dispersion in our RV data sets, to identify the line list that most effectively reduces the jitter.
Methods. We employ optical spectropolarimetric observations of the active M dwarf EV Lac collected with ESPaDOnS and NARVAL, and study two line down-selection approaches: a parametric method based on line properties (depth, wavelength, magnetic sensitivity) and a randomised algorithm that samples the line combination space. We test the latter further to find the line list that singles out the activity signal from other sources of noise, and on AD Leo and DS Leo to examine its consistency at mitigating jitter for different activity levels. The analysis is complemented with planetary injection tests.
Results. The parametric selection yields a RV RMS reduction of less than 10%, while the randomised selection yields a systematic improvement (>50%) regardless of the activity level of the star examined. Furthermore, if activity is the dominant source of noise, this approach allows the construction of lists containing mainly activity-sensitive lines, which could be used to enhance the rotational modulation of the resulting data sets and determine the stellar rotation period more robustly. Finally, the output line lists allow the recovery of a synthetic planet (0.3–0.6 MJup on a 10 d orbit) in the presence of both moderate (20 m s−1 semi-amplitude) and high (200 m s−1) activity levels, without substantially affecting the planet signal (between 60 and 120 m s−1).
Is resale anxiety an obstacle to electric vehicle adoption? Results from a survey experiment in Switzerland
Authors: Brückmann Gracia , Wicki Michael , Bernauer Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Electrification of private motorised transport is one of the most effective pathways to net-zero carbon emissions in the road transport sector. However, adoption rates of battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) are still relatively low in most advanced industrialised countries. One of the most widely discussed but so far understudied potential obstacles to BEV adoption is resale anxiety. It refers to the fear of comparatively low expected resale values of BEVs, resulting, among other reasons, from expectations concerning rapid progress in battery technology. However, based on three survey-embedded vignette experiments in Switzerland (N = 3901 in total), we find the opposite of resale anxiety: a higher expected resale value of BEVs compared to conventional cars. Our findings suggest that regulatory policy and social norm signals in this area are gaining ground, boding well for consumer acceptance of BEVs in the coming years.
Shear-strain-mediated photoluminescence manipulation in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Hwang Hyeong-Yong , Lee Sehyuk , Kim Yong-Hoon , Ullah Farman , Tam Le Chinh , Soo Kim Yong , Yee Ki-Ju , Stanton Christopher J , Jho Young-Dahl 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, normal strain can modulate electronic band structures, yet leaving the optical selection rules intact. In contrast, a shear strain can perturb the spin-valley locked band structures and possibly induce mixing of the spin subbands which in turn can transfer oscillator strength between spin-allowed bright and spin-forbidden dark excitons. Here, we report a novel scheme to manipulate photoluminescence (PL) in a monolayer WSe2-MoSe2lateral heterostructures, controlled by an external bending method in which strong out-of-plane shear strain (OSS) of up to 5.6% accompanies weak in-plane normal strain up to 0.72%. The spectra revealed a striking dependence on the bending direction that is stagnant in the negative (compressive) strain region and then rapidly changes with increasing positive (tensile) strain. The dependency of the PL signal under tensile bending was represented not only by the large energy shift (>40 meV) of the lowest excited states of both the WSe2and MoSe2monolayers, but also by the tendency to violate the optical selection rules that brightens (darkens) the excitons of the WSe2(MoSe2) side. The analyses on the observed energy shifts and PL intensity changes confirm the different origins in compressive bending compared with tensile bending. The well-established band-anticrossing is identified to be affecting only the compressive deformation region. The spectral changes in the tensile region, on the other hand, originates mainly from the generation of an off-diagonal perturbation to a spin-specific Hamiltonian induced by OSS. The degree of spin-state mixing, which correlates precisely with the spin-flip coefficient of the theoretical model, is further represented by the OSS matrix elements, the spin splitting energy, and the shear deformation potential.
Tunable triangular and honeycomb plasma structures in dielectric barrier discharge with mesh-liquid electrodes
Authors: FAN Weili , HOU Xiaohan , TIAN Miao , GAO Kuangya , HE Yafeng , YANG Yaxian , LIU Qian , YAO Jingfeng , LIU Fucheng , YUAN Chengxun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate a method to generate tunable triangular and honeycomb plasma structures via dielectric barrier discharge with uniquely designed mesh-liquid electrodes. A rapid reconfiguration between the triangular lattice and honeycomb lattice has been realized. Novel structures comprised of triangular plasma elements have been observed and a robust angular reorientation of the triangular plasma elements with

θ
=

π
/
3

is suggested. An active control on the geometrical shape, size and angular orientation of the plasma elements has been achieved. Moreover, the formation mechanism of different plasma structures is studied by spatial-temporal resolved measurements using a high-speed camera. The photonic band diagrams of the plasma structures are calculated by use of finite element method and two large omnidirectional band gaps have been obtained for honeycomb lattices, demonstrating that such plasma structures can be potentially used as plasma photonic crystals to manipulate the propagation of microwaves. The results may offer new strategies for engineering the band gaps and provide enlightenments on designing new types of 2D and possibly 3D metamaterials in other fields.