bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Edge Computing Driven Scene-aware Intelligent Augmented Reality for Manual Assembly
Authors: Fu Mingyu , Fang Wei , Gao Shan , Hong Jianhao , Chen Yizhou 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Wearable augmented reality (AR) can superimpose virtual models or annotation on real scenes, and which can be utilized in assembly tasks and resulted in high-efficiency and error-avoided manual operations. Nevertheless, most of existing AR-aided assembly operations are based on the predefined visual instruction step-by-step, lacking scene-aware generation for the assembly assistance. To facilitate a friendly AR-aided assembly process, this paper proposed an Edge Computing driven Scene-aware Intelligent AR Assembly (EC-SIARA) system, and smart and worker-centered assistance is available to provide intuitive visual guidance with less cognitive load. In beginning, the connection between the wearable AR glasses and edge computing system is established, which can alleviate the computation burden for the resource-constraint wearable AR glasses, resulting in a high-efficiency deep learning module for scene awareness during the manual assembly process. And then, based on context understanding of the current assembly status, the corresponding augmented instructions can be triggered accordingly, avoiding the operator’s cognitive load to strictly follow the predefined procedure. Finally, quantitative and qualitative experiments are carried out to evaluate the EC-SIARA system, and experimental results show that the proposed method can realize a worker-center AR assembly process, which can improve the assembly efficiency and reduce the occurrence of assembly errors effectively.
Identification of Therapeutic Targets and Prognostic Biomarkers Among CC Chemokines in the Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Microenvironment
Authors: Liu Xinyuan , Zhang Qi , Mao Tao , Min Congcong , Guo Jing , Zhang Cuiping , Tian Zibin , Li Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) as one of the most aggressive and lethal malignant tumors is correlated with increased morbidity and mortality. Tumorigenesis, growth, and metastasis are affected by various cytokines. Among them, CC chemokines can modulate the infiltration of immune cells and recruit cancer-associated immune cells, which play an important role in the inhibition of tumor immunity and affect the clinical outcome of cancer patients. However, the therapeutic potential and prognostic value of CC chemokines in PAAD have not yet been elucidated. To do this, we comprehensively explore and analyze large amounts of data on the basis of ONCOMINE database, GEPIA, LinkedOmics, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, UALCAN, jvenn, DAVID 6.8, TRRUST, TIMER, and TISIDB. We found the transcriptional levels of CCL5/7/13/15/18/19/20 in PAAD tissues were remarkably increased, whereas the transcriptional level of CCL17 was decreased. CCL20 expression had significantly been correlated with the tumor stage of PAAD patients. High expressions of CCL5, CCL7, CCL13, CCL18, and CCL20 were notably correlated with the prognosis of patients. Moreover, patients with CCL18 and CCL19 alterations showed a poor prognosis in both overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), and patients with CCL5 and CCL15 alterations also presented a poor prognosis in OS. The functions of the aberrantly expressed CC chemokines were mainly correlated with the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, inflammatory response, and immune response. Our study shows that the key transcription factors for CC chemokines are RELA and NF-κB1. We also discovered significant associations between the expression levels of CC chemokines and six infiltrating immune cells including CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. Taken together, our study indicated the interaction between CC chemokines and PAAD and clarified the value of CC chemokines as potential therapeutic targets as well as prognostic markers for PAAD.
Improving Postal Survey Response Using Behavioural Science: A Nested Randomised Control Trial
Authors: McBride Emily , Mase Hiromi , Kerrison Robert S. , Marlow Laura A.V. , Waller Jo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Systematic reviews have identified effective strategies for increasing postal response rates to questionnaires; however, most studies have isolated single techniques, testing the effect of each one individually. Despite providing insight into explanatory mechanisms, this approach lacks ecological validity, given that multiple techniques are often combined in routine practice.
Methods
We used a two-armed randomised controlled trial (N = 2,702), nested within a cross-sectional health survey study, to evaluate whether using a pragmatic combination of behavioural science and evidenced-based techniques (e.g., personalisation, social norms messaging) in a study invitation letter increased response to the survey, when compared with a standard invitation letter.
Results
Overall, 646 participants responded to the survey (response rate [RR] = 23.9%). Logistic regression revealed higher odds of response in the intervention arm (N = 357/1,353, RR = 26.4%) compared with the control arm (N = 289/1,349, RR = 21.4%), while adjusting for age, deprivation, clinical site, and clinical test result (aOR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.09–1.55).
Conclusion
Applying easy-to-implement behavioural science and evidence-based methods to routine invitation letters improved postal response to a health-related survey, whilst adjusting for demographic characteristics. Our findings provide support for the pragmatic and cost-effective adoption of combined techniques in routine research to increase response to postal surveys.
Trial registration:
ISRCTN, ISRCTN15113095. Registered 7 May 2019 – retrospectively registered: https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN15113095
IRF4 is Correlated With the Conversion to a Th17-like Phenotype in Regulatory T Cells From the Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Yu Wen-qing , Ji Ningfei , Gu Chengjing , Yao Juan , Ding Mingdong , Zhou Daming , Huang Mao , Zhang Mingshun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: RORγt+Foxp3+ (Th17-like) Tregs are a plastic Treg subset implicated in immune-related diseases; however, the mechanism of Treg phenotypic transformation in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) has not been elucidated.Methods: The percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Helios+ and RORγt+Foxp3+ Tregs from peripheral blood and pleural effusion mononuclear cells were measured. The level of interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) mRNA expression was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The effects of IRF4 on the induction of Tregs from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were evaluated in vitro. Correlation assays between IRF4 expression and the frequency of RORγt+Foxp3+ Tregs were performed. Results: The frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Helios+ Tregs and CD4+RORγt+ Th17 cells were both increased in the MPE of NSCLC patients. The group of double-positive Foxp3+RORγt+ Treg phenotype were identified in the pleural effusion. A significant increase in the frequency of Foxp3+RORγt+ Tregs was found in MPE compared with the non-malignant pleural effusion (NPE). Compared to NPE, the relative level of IRF4 expression was increased in the MPE. IRF4 expression was positively associated with the frequency of Foxp3+RORγt+ Tregs in the PE. In vitro, the level of Helios mRNA and protein expression was reduced in induced Tregs following IRF4 over-expression. Additionally, the level of RORγt protein expression was substantially increased. However, ectopic Helios expression in induced Tregs reversed the effects induced by enhanced IRF4 expression.Conclusion: IRF4 may serve as a potential molecule that promotes the conversion of regulatory T cells from MPE to a Th17-like phenotype by modulating Helios.
Development of a High-resolution SSR-SPECT System for Preclinical Imaging and Neuroimaging
Authors: D'Elia Annunziata , Soluri Andrea , Galli Filippo , Schiavi Sara , De Silva Giselda , Biasini Alessandro , Trezza Viviana , Massari Roberto 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The utility of animal models in preclinical research has been increasing by the availability of methods for in vivo imaging. In particular, techniques like single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) show high potential, which is usually limited by spatial resolution. This represents an important parameter influencing scanner design, given the small size of the anatomical structures to be investigated. The purpose of the present work was to assess the performance of a scintigraphic system with improved spatial resolution based on our previous detector by applying the Super Spatial Resolution (SSR). Our dual-head SPECT system is composed of gamma cameras based on the Hamamatsu H13700 position-sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT). In each detector head, the PSPMT is coupled to a 28×28 array of CRY018 scintillation crystals. The pure Tungsten parallel square hole collimator ensures the position sensitivity, and a dedicated resistive chain readout so as an ADC board have been proprietary designed. To finalize the mechanical development of the SSR-SPECT system several tests were carried out. Based on the results obtained in the test phase, a partial review of the mechanical design was performed. Then a dedicated machine handling software was developed, and in particular, a kinematic software debugging and testing was assessed. Finally, several experiments were carried out by using Derenzo phantoms and capillaries filled with radioactive sources. Finally, the performance of our system was evaluated performing small animal imaging studies. The SPECT spatial resolution was experimentally determined to be about 1.6 mm. We reach a resolution of 1.18 mm by applying the SSR based on two images. The results of this study demonstrated the good capability of the system as a suitable tool for preclinical imaging especially in fields like neuroscience for the study of small brain structures.
Hydrogeogenic fluoride in groundwater and dental fluorosis occurrence in agrarian communities: a prevalence survey and case-control study
Authors: ROJANAWORARIT CHANAPONG 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Dental fluorosis can be a disease of social inequity in access to safe drinking water. This dental public health issue becomes prominent in the socially disadvantaged agrarian communities in fluoride endemic areas where the standard irrigation system is unavailable and groundwater containing natural fluoride is the major drinking water source. This study aimed to determine prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in children and to evaluate its association with fluoride in groundwater in the aforementioned setting in Thailand.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 289 children in Nakhon Pathom Province was conducted in 2015. Children with very mild to severe fluorosis were regarded as ‘cases’ while their counterparts were ‘controls’ for a subsequent case-control study. Records of fluoride concentrations in groundwater used for household supply corresponding to resident and number of years by age of each child during 2008 to 2015 were retrieved. Other exposure variables were measured using a questionnaire. Poisson regression with robust standard error was employed to estimate the dental fluorosis prevalence ratio (PR) comparing different levels of fluoride exposure.Result: There were 157 children with very mild to moderate dental fluorosis (54.3% prevalence). The univariable analysis revealed that the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children with fluoride concentrations in water sources of 0.7-1.49 (index category 1) and ≥ 1.5 ppm (index category 2) was 1.62 (95% CI; 0.78, 3.34) and 2.75 (95% CI; 1.42, 5.31) times the prevalence among those with fluoride < 0.7 ppm (referent category). After adjusting for all covariates, the adjusted prevalence ratios in both index categories were 1.64 (95% CI; 0.24, 11.24) and 2.85 (95% CI; 0.44, 18.52) which were close to their corresponding crude estimates. Since the magnitude of confounding, measured by (PRcrude – PRadjusted)/PRadjusted, were less than 10% for both index categories; this indicated the limited confounding effect of all covariates.Conclusions: In fluoride endemic areas, groundwater containing natural fluoride utilized for household consumption resulted in high dental fluorosis prevalence, particularly in the groundwater with fluoride concentrations of ≥ 1.5 ppm.
Structural and metabolic profiling of Lycopersicon esculentum rhizosphere microbiota artificially exposed at commonly used Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Authors: Kovacs Emoke Dalma , Luminita Szilaghi-Dumitrescu , Di Tian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study the effect of common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on Lycopersicon esculentum rhizosphere microbiota was monitored. Results evidenced that rhizosphere microbiota abundance decreased especially under exposure to diclofenac and ibuprofen while fungal/bacteria ratio changed significantly with exposure to diclofenac and ketoprofen. Compared with control samples the average amount of ratio of gram negative/gram positive bacteria was higher in rhizosphere soil contaminated with ibuprofen and lower in case of diclofenac contamination. Carbon source consumption increased with time of assay in case of control samples and those contaminated with diclofenac. This suggests that rhizosphere microbiota under contamination with diclofenac consume higher amount of carbon although do not consume a larger variety of its sources. In case of contamination with ibuprofen and ketoprofen the consumption of carbon source presents a decreasing tendency after day 30 of the assay. Rhizosphere microbiota emitted volatile organic compounds were also monitored. Volatile compounds belonging to alcohol, aromatic compounds, ketone, terpene, organic acids, aldehyde, sulphur compounds, esters, alkane, nitrogen compounds, alkene and furans were detected in rhizosphere soil samples. Among these, terpene, ketone, alcohol, aromatic compounds, organic acids, and alkane were the most abundant compound classes, but their percentage changed with exposure at diclofenac, ketoprofen and ibuprofen. Such changes in abundance, structure, and metabolic activity of Lycopersicon esculentum rhizosphere microbiota under exposure to common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs make as to suppose that there is a probability to also change ecosystem services provided by rhizosphere microbiota.
Acquired Pure Red Cell Aplastic in one of the Monozygotic Twins with Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Shen Li Jing , Gao Xiao , Hou Jian , Wan Yi Ke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCommon variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent primary immune defects in adults. It has become clear that most cases of CVID have a polygenic rather than a monogenic inheritance. CVID patients are prone to recurrent infection, and an increased incidence of certain autoimmune and neoplastic disorders. Monozygotic twins share identical genetic basis and may serve as a powerful model for study on genetic defects.Case presentationHere, we report a case of monozygotic twins were diagnosed with CVID at their 30s’. They featured a partly similar profile of clinical manifestations, including severe, recurring infections and bone pain. Interestingly, only the elder brother developed pure red cell aplastic (PRCA), and relieved after 5-month’s treatment with 100 mg/d of cyclosporine treatment. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was utilized to investigate genetic defects.ConclusionsThe results suggest that a combination effect of deleterious variations maybe the cause, such as VDR, NHEJ1, DOCK5, NOD2 and C3, which were predicted by bioinformatics analysis. The potential combinatorial effects in CVID is inferred from their roles in T and B cell signal pathways activation.
Climate Change Will Unravel Air Quality Regulations
Authors: Bento Antonio , Adler David , Miller Noah , Severnini Edson 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Using daily data for the United States over the period 1980-2019, we estimate the impacts of temperature on ambient ozone concentrations, accounting for adaptation to climatic change. We find that even with adaptation, rises in temperature will steeply increase ozone levels by over 9 ppb on days above 25◦C. By mid-century, we calculate that 189 additional counties will be violating the air quality standards, with 33 million more residents exposed to unhealthy levels of ozone. Climate change will thus put the ambient ozone standards at risk as the costs of compliance with existing standards will likely increase. In light of a recent EPA ruling that would effectively remove co-benefits from ozone precursor reductions from the cost-benefit analysis of those standards, they will be in peril.
The mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease using network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Zhu Wen , Li Yehui , Zhao Junjie , Wang Yifan , Garov Yordan Angelov , Wang Yue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Interstitial lung disease(ILD) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, which is one of key systematic manifestations of connective tissue disease (CTD). Tripterygium wilfordii, known as Leigongteng in Chinese, has been applied to treat connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) for many years.
Methods
Triptolide is key effective components from Tripterygium wilfordii. But the molecular mechanism of Triptolide for treating CTD-ILD is not yet clear. Gain insight into the molecular mechanism of Triptolide intervene CTD-ILD, we used the method of network pharmacology. And then we conducted an drug-target networks to analysis potential protein targets between Triptolide and CTD-ILD. Finally, AutoDock Vina was selected for molecular docking.
Results
By analysis the interaction genes of Triptolide with CTD-ILD, 242 genes were obtained. The top 10 targets of the highest enrichment scores were STAT3, AKT1, MAPK1, IL6, TP53, MAPK3, RELA, TNF, JUN, JAK2. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis exhibited that mutiple signaling pathway were involved. PI3K-Akt, multiple virus infection, cancer signaling, chemokine and apoptosis signaling pathway are the main pathways for Triptolide intervention CTD-ILD, which are related to various biological processes such as inflammation, infection, cell apoptosis and cancer. Molecular docking shows Triptolide can bind with its target protein in a good bonds by Intermolecular force.
Conclusions
This study preliminarily reveals the internal molecular mechanism of Triptolide can interfere CTD-ILD through multiple targets, multiple access, validated through molecular docking. Provided a research basis for the following study of pathogenesis in Triptolide treatment CTD-ILD.
One Pot Microwave Irradiation Synthesis of Spherical and Nanotube Titanates Incorporated Reduced Graphene for Efficient Hydrogen Production Photo-Electrocatalytically
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed , Hessien Mahmoud M. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nanosphere and nanotube titanates (TNT) amalgamated with different graphene oxide (GO) ratios synthesized by one pot microwave irradiation route have presented excellent potential towards hydrogen production photoelectrochemically under solar irradiation. The hybrid nanospherical array of the 50TNT-50GO photocatalyst showed a current density equal 9.2 mA cm-2 at a bias of 0.20 V vs. RHE exceeding those of the nanotubes 30TNT-70GO (4.0 mA cm-2 at 0.38 V) and 10TNT-90GO (3.7 mA cm-2 at 0.4 V). The former electrode also exhibits small Tafel slope value (40 mV dec-1), decreased particle diameter (7 nm), decreased band gap (2.6 eV) and high rate of charges transfer. The hybrid structure elucidation carried out using TEM-SAED, XRD, N2 adsorption, UV-Vis, FTIR and PL techniques approved the interfacial interaction between TNT and GO(RGO) networks that was responsible for the high quantum yield, delay of charges recombination beside the increase in the pore volume.
Early musical training shapes cortico-cerebellar structural covariation
Authors: Shenker Joseph , Steele Christopher J. , Chakravarty M. Mallar , Zatorre Robert J. , Penhune Virginia B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Adult abilities in complex cognitive domains such as music appear to depend critically on the age at which training or experience begins, and relevant experience has greater long-term effects during periods of peak maturational change. Previous work has shown that early-trained musicians (ET; < age 7) out-perform later-trained musicians (LT; > age 7) on tests of musical skill, and also have larger volumes of the ventral premotor cortex (vPMC) and smaller volumes of the cerebellum. These cortico-cerebellar networks mature and function in relation to one another, suggesting that early training may promote coordinated developmental plasticity. To test this hypothesis, we examined structural covariation between cerebellar volume and cortical thickness (CT) in sensorimotor regions in ET and LT musicians and non-musicians (NMs). Results show that ETs have smaller volumes in cerebellar lobules connected to sensorimotor cortices, while both musician groups had greater cortical thickness in right pre-supplementary motor area (SMA) and right PMC compared to NMs. Importantly, early musical training had a specific effect on structural covariance between the cerebellum and cortex: NMs showed negative correlations between left lobule VI and right pre-SMA and PMC, but this relationship was reduced in ET musicians. ETs instead showed a significant negative correlation between vermal IV and right pre-SMA and dPMC. Together, these results suggest that early musical training has differential impacts on the maturation of cortico-cerebellar networks important for optimizing sensorimotor performance. This conclusion is consistent with the hypothesis that connected brain regions interact during development to reciprocally influence brain and behavioural maturation.
Multiparametric CMR Imaging of Myocardial Structure and Function Changes in Diabetic Mini-pigs With Preserved LV Function : A Preliminary Study
Authors: Shao Guozhu , Cao Yukun , Cui Yue , Han Xiaoyu , Liu Jia , Li Yumin , Li Na , Shi Heshui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to dynamically monitor the myocardial structure and function changes in diabetic mini-pigs by 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance. Methods: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T1 mapping was performed in three male streptozotocin-induced diabetic mini-pigs. T1-mapping and ECV-mapping were acquired at basal, mid and apical segments. CMR feature-tracking (CMR-FT) is used to quantify left ventricle global longitudinal (LVGLS), circumferential (LVGCS) and radial strain(LVGRS). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) was evaluated using a commercially available software.Results: Left ventricular mass (LVM), myocardial T1 value and extracellular volume (ECV) value increased gradually after 3, 4.5 and 6 months of modeling, while LVGLS decreased gradually after 3 months of modeling（Modeling 3M VS 1.5M：LVM，34.0 ± 1.9 VS 26.4 ± 1.3，P=0.027；T1，1012.3 ± 9.6 VS 1002.2 ± 11.4, P=0.014; ECV，24.3 ± 1.6 VS 22.4 ± 1.6，P=0.014；GLS：-20.8 ± 1.3 VS -23.0 ± 1.6，P=0.014；Modeling 4.5M VS 3M：LVM，37.5 ± 1.3 VS 34.0 ± 1.9，P=0.005；T1, 1017.8 ± 9.5 VS 1012.3 ± 9.6, P＜0.001；ECV，26.2 ± 1.5 VS 24.3 ± 1.6，P=0.037；GLS：-19.4 ± 1.4 VS -20.8 ± 1.3，P=0.016；Modeling 6M VS 4.5M：LVM，42.9 ± 1.6 ± 1.9 VS 37.5 ± 1.3，P=0.008；T1，1026.6 ± 10.2 VS 1017.8 ± 9.5, P=0.003；ECV，28.6 ± 1.8 VS 26.2 ± 1.5，P=0.016；GLS：-17.9 ± 1.1 VS -19.4 ± 1.4，P=0.019). EAT did not increase significantly until the sixth month (Modeling 6M VS 4.5M, EAT: 24.1 ± 3.1 VS 20.2 ± 2.4, P= 0.043).Conclusion: The progressive impairments in LV structure and myocardial deformation occurs in diabetic mini-pigs. T1 mapping and CMR-FT technology are promising to monitor abnormal changes of diabetic myocardium in early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy.