bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kidney transplantation outcomes in patients with IgA nephropathy and other glomerular and non-glomerular primary diseases in the new era of immunosuppression
Authors: Lionaki Sophia , Makropoulos Ilias , Panagiotellis Konstantinos , Vlachopanos George , Gavalas Ioannis , Marinaki Smaragdi , Liapis George , Michelakis Ioannis , Bokos Ioannis , Boletis Ioannis 
Published: August 2021

Objectives
Kidney transplant (KTx) recipients with IgAN as primary disease, were compared with recipients with other causes of renal failure, in terms of long-term outcomes.

Methods
Ninety-nine KTx recipients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) due to IgAN, were retrospectively compared to; i/ a matched case-control group of patients with non-glomerular causes of ESKD, and ii/ four control groups with ESKD due to glomerular diseases; 44 patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), 19 with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), 22 with lupus nephritis (LN) and 21 with pauci-immune glomerulonephritis (PIGN).

Results
At end of the observation period, graft function and survival, were similar between KTx recipients with IgAN and all other groups, but the rate of disease recurrence in the graft differed significantly across groups. The rate of IgAN recurrence in the graft was 23.2%, compared to 59.1% (p<0.0001) in the FSGS group, 42.1% (p = 0.17) in the IMN group, and 0% in the LN and PIGN groups (p = 0.01). IgAN recipients, who were maintained with a regimen containing tacrolimus, experienced recurrence less frequently, compared to those maintained with cyclosporine (p = 0.01). Graft loss attributed to recurrence was significantly higher in patients with FSGS versus all others.

Conclusion
Recipients with IgAN as primary disease, experienced outcomes comparable to those of recipients with other causes of ESKD. The rate of IgAN recurrence in the graft was significantly lower than the rate of FSGS recurrence, but higher than the one recorded in recipients with LN or PIGN. Tacrolimus, as part of the KTx maintenance therapy, was associated with lower rates of IgAN recurrence in the graft, compared to the rate cyclosporine.
Service delivery point and individual characteristics associated with the adoption of modern contraceptive: A multi-country longitudinal analysis
Authors: Anglewicz Philip , Cardona Carolina , Akinlose Titilope , Gichangi Peter , OlaOlorun Funmilola , Omoluabi Elizabeth , Thiongo Mary , Akilimali Pierre , Tsui Amy , Kayembe Patrick ,   The PMA Agile Principal Investigators Group
Published: August 2021

BackgroundWomen who start using contraception (“adopters”) are a key population for family planning goals, but little is known about characteristics that predict the adoption of contraception as opposed to current use. We used prospective data from women and facilities for five countries, (Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Kenya, Nigeria, and Burkina Faso) and identified baseline characteristics that predicted adoption of modern contraception in the short term.MethodsWe used data from the Performance Monitoring for Action (PMA) Agile Project. PMA Agile administered service delivery point (SDP) client exit interview (CEI) surveys in urban sites of these five countries. Female clients responding to the CEI were asked for phone numbers that were used for a phone follow-up survey approximately four months later. For our analysis, we used data from the SDP and CEI baseline surveys, and the phone follow up to compare women who start using contraception during this period with those who remain non-users. We used characteristics of the facility and the woman at baseline to predict her contraception adoption in the future.ResultsDiscussing FP with a partner at baseline was associated with greater odds of adoption in DRC (OR 2.34; 95% CI 0.97–5.66), India (OR 2.27; 95% CI 1.05–4.93), and Kenya (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.16–2.35). Women who discussed family planning with any staff member at the health facility had 1.72 greater odds (95% CI 1.13–2.67) of becoming an adopter in Nigeria. The odds of adoption were lower in Nigerian facilities that had a stockout (OR 0.66 95% CI 0.44–1.00) at baseline. Other characteristics associated with contraception adoption across settings were education, age, wealth, parity, and marital status.ConclusionsCharacteristics of both the woman and the health facility were associated with adoption of modern contraception in the future. Some characteristics, like discussing family planning with a spouse, education, and parity, were associated with contraceptive adoption across settings. Other characteristics that predict contraceptive use, such as health facility measures, varied across countries.
Postnatal care service utilization and its determinants in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A mixed-method study
Authors: Zeleke Liknaw Bewket , Wondie Asmare Talie , Tibebu Melaku Admas , Alemu Addisu Alehegn , Tessema Mekuanint Taddele , Shita Nigusie Gashaye , Khajehei Marjan 
Published: August 2021

Background
The days and weeks after childbirth are crucial for both the mother and her newborn child leading for the majority of maternal and perinatal mortalities. The World Health Organization recommends at least three postnatal visits within 42 days after birth. However, postnatal care utilization remains low worldwide. Quantitative findings revealed low utilization of postnatal care in Ethiopia, however, no study explored the barriers for postnatal care. This study aimed to assess the barriers to postnatal care service utilization in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based, mixed type cross-sectional study was conducted from December 15, 2018, to February 15, 2019. The quantitative data was gathered using the interviewer-administered interviewing technique from 751 women who gave birth within one year prior to the study selected by multistage sampling. The qualitative data were collected from purposively sampled women, facility leaders, and health extension workers using in-depth interviews and focused group discussions. The quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using logistic regression and by the thematic content analysis method, respectively.

Results
The study revealed that postnatal care service utilization was 34.6%. The odds of using PNC services were greater in women aged 25–34 years and used maternity waiting home. In contrast, women who were muslim religion followers, had normal or instrumental birth, not aware of the PNC services and whose partners were not supportive of the use of MCH services were less likely to use PNC services. According to the qualitative findings, lack of awareness, traditional beliefs and religious practices, distance and transportation, environmental exposure, and waiting time were identified as barriers to PNC service utilization.

Conclusion and recommendation
The study showed low utilization of PNC services in East Gojjam zone, northwest Ethiopia. Improvements in personal health education, in construction of relevant infrastructure, and to transport, are needed to remove or reduce barriers to PNC service use in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.
Infections and demanding endocrine care contribute to increased mortality in patients with APECED
Authors: Borchers Joonatan , Mäkitie Outi , Laakso Saila 
Published: August 2021

Objective
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) has variable clinical course. Overall mortality is increased but reasons for this remain largely unknown. Our objective was to assess the causes of death and factors contributing to increased mortality.

Design
A follow-up study of the Finnish APECED cohort in 1970–2019.

Methods
In 33 deceased patients with APECED, causes of death and clinical course preceding the death were analyzed using national registry data, death certificates, autopsy reports, and patient records.

Results
Most common causes leading to death were infections (24%), oral and esophageal malignancies (15%; median age at death 36.7 years; median survival 1.5 years), and diseases of the circulatory system (18%). Adrenal crisis was an independent cause of death in two patients. In addition, in four patients, the adrenal crisis was a complicating factor during a fatal infection. Other APECED manifestations leading to death were hypoparathyroidism, diabetes, and hepatitis. Other causes of death included accidents (12%), alcohol-related causes, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Challenges in overall, and especially in the endocrine, care contributed to deaths related to carcinomas and adrenal crisis. Age at death and year of death correlated (r = 0.345, P = 0.045), suggesting improved longevity.

Conclusions
Infections, malignancies, and diseases of the circulatory system are the most common primary causes of death in patients with APECED. Adrenal crisis is an independent cause of death but more often a contributing factor in fatal infections. Despite the high overall mortality and the demanding care, our results suggest improved patient survival in recent years.
Insulin-like growth factor ternary complex components as biomarkers for the diagnosis of short stature
Authors: Giannakopoulos Aristeidis , Efthymiadou Alexandra , Chrysis Dionisios 
Published: August 2021

Objective
The diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children is not always straightforward because insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) or GH stimulation tests may not be able to discriminate GHD from constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) or other causes of short stature.

Design
Boys and girls (n = 429, 0.7–16 years) who attended our department for short stature participated in this study. They were followed up for an average period of 9 years. At the end of follow-up after reaching the final height, a definitive diagnosis was assigned, and all the components of ternary complex (IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), acid-labile subunit (ALS), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio) were evaluated as biomarkers for the respective diagnosis.

Results
All the components of the ternary complex were tightly correlated with each other and were positively related to age. IGF-I, IGFBP-3, ALS, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio differed significantly between GHD and normal groups. IGF-I and ALS levels were lower in GHD compared to children with familial short stature, while IGF-I and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio was significantly lower in GHD compared to children with CDGP. IGF-I and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 receiver operating curve cutoff points were unable to discriminate between GHD and normal groups or between GHD and CDGP groups.

Conclusion
Despite the tight correlation among all the components of the ternary complex, each one shows a statistically significant diagnosis-dependent alteration. There is a superiority of IGF-I, ALS, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio in the distinction between GHD and CDGP or between GHD and normal groups but without usable discriminating power, making auxology as the primary criterion for establishing the diagnosis.
Our Puny Boundaries: Why the Craving for Carving Up the Nineteenth Century?
Authors: Wolfson Susan J. 
Published: August 2021

It's almost too convenient that carve evolves, via middle high german (kerben), from the greek graphein: “TO scratch, to write.” Ham-fisted or artful, the verb is the mark of desire, of a craving to inscribe. Given a century, carvings display cravings of the mind, motivated assignments in a march of years all beginning 18—. Figuring out how to carve one's shape in history, or how to carve history into shape, was a perplexity, a founding question even, at the dawn of the century:Who knows the individual hour in whichHis habits were first sown, even as a seed?[………]Hard task to analyse a soul in whichNot only general habits and desiresBut each most obvious and particular thought,Not in a mystical and idle sense,But in the words of reason deeply weigh'dHath no beginning.
The Staicu lexicon in relation to lexicons belonging to the Berynda family: orthography and structure
Authors: Felea Ion-Mihai 
Published: August 2021

The first manuscripts with Slavonic-Romanian dictionaries date from the 17th century and six of these have been preserved to the present day almost intact. They are all based on Pamvo Berynda’s lexicon (1627), to which several word lists were added in some of the manuscripts. These manuscripts have mostly been studied from a lexical point of view.
Our study aims at describing the way in which the lexicons were elaborated, at observing the significant orthographic variations and also at becoming an additional tool for establishing the network of filiations from which the Romanian lexicons resulted. Our observations focus on the entries for the first three letters in the above-mentioned lexicons. As all these lexicons were available in electronic format, we identified the propagation of several errors in the Romanian antigraphs, emphasized various aspects related to spelling and compared the additional lists.
The data indicates that Romanian manuscripts preserve the orthography of Berynda’s Lexicon and the additional lists to a different degree. These variations suggest the existence of at least one protograph between the source and the Romanian lexicons. Applied to the entire content of the manuscripts, the investigation of these variations could contribute to the identification of the manuscript that is the closest to the initial version.
Lexiconul Staicu în raport cu cele din familia Berînda: ortografie și alcătuire
Authors: Felea Ion-Mihai 
Published: August 2021

În secolul al XVII-lea apar primele manuscrise cu dicționare slavo-române, iar șase dintre acestea au ajuns pînă în zilele noastre în formă aproape intactă. Punctul lor de plecare a fost Lexiconul lui Pamvo Berînda (1627), la care au fost adăugate mai multe liste de cuvinte în unele manuscrise. Aceste manuscrise au fost studiate pînă în prezent în special din perspectivă lexicală.
Studiul de față și-a propus să descrie modalitățile de alcătuire a lexicoanelor, să observe variațiile ortografice importante și să devină un instrument în plus pentru stabilirea rețelei de filiații din care au rezultat lexicoanele românești. Observațiile sînt făcute asupra intrărilor de la primele trei slove din lexicoanele amintite. Avînd la dispoziție toate lexicoanele în format digital, am identificat propagarea mai multor erori în rîndul antigrafelor românești, am evidențiat mai multe fapte de grafie și am comparat listele suplimentare.
Datele arată că manuscrisele românești conservă în grad diferit ortografia din Lexiconul lui Berînda și listele suplimentare. Variațiile sugerează existența a cel puțin unui protograf între sursă și lexicoanele românești. Aplicată la întreg conținutul manuscrisului, investigarea acestor variații ar putea contribui la identificarea manuscrisului care este cel mai apropiat de redacția inițială.
Insults – between dysphemisms and markers of emotional closeness
Authors: Pașca Roxana 
Published: August 2021

The present investigative approach proposes an analysis of insults from a socio-, psycho- and pragmalinguistic perspective, aiming to reveal the complex character of this type of communication.
Given that insults, as reactive acts of speech, are dependent on both the intentions of the speaker and the way the receiver decodes the statement, we suggested a classification based on the illocutionary point (motivated insults—with negative or positive illocutionary point—and unmotivated insults) and on the propositional content (direct insults—within this category, we analyzed the lexical innovations generated by the Covid-19 pandemic, especially the dysphemic use of the participle (substantivized) adjective covidat—and indirect insults).
Although the oral communication provides the necessary data for the manifestation of insults, in addition to the sequences selected from TV shows, we chose messages written on various social networking sites and excerpts from online forums. Under the protection of anonymity, users are uninhibited and they violate socially imposed linguistic norms without fear of being held accountable for their actions.
Correlation of knee society score and oxford knee score in patients with moderate to severe osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: Phalswal Uma , Pandey Vandna , Kumar Ashok , Elhence Abhay 
Published: August 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a degenerative, non-inflammatory joint condition marked by articular cartilage disintegration and the growth of new bone (osteophytes) at the joint surfaces and borders. It impairs one's ability to function and makes one disabled. It is the most common rheumatic disease. Because the Knee is a weight-bearing joint and a crutch joint, it is the most usually afflicted joint by Osteoarthritis.A Correlational study was conducted to find out the correlation between Knee Society Score (KSS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) on 142 Osteoarthritis Knees. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from the Orthopaedics OPD at AIIMS Jodhpur from October to December 2018.On evaluation, the mean age of the patients was 60.19±1.01. Bilateral Knee Osteoarthritis affected about 42% of the patients. Approximately half of the patients were obese. Only 34% of patients had compliance in physiotherapy. Analgesics and massage treatment are used by about 76% of the patients to relieve knee pain. In the Knee Society Score, the majority of the patients (82.4%) had a bad knee condition, with a mean score of 49.07±1.06. In OKS, about half of the patients (46.5%) had Moderate to Severe Knee Osteoarthritis, with a mean score of 22.69±7.09. The correlation coefficient between the Knee Society Score and the Oxford Knee Score is 0.660. As a consequence of the analysis, both scales have almost the same outcome, indicating that they are moderately associated. The Knee Society Score is highly associated with occupation and physiotherapy, whereas the Oxford Knee Score is significantly related to the patients' age alone. According to the study, there is a moderate correlation between the Knee Society Score (KSS) and the Oxford Knee Score (OKS). These scores should be included during the diagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis for improved patient care.
ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ СТУДЕНТОВ РОССИЙСКИХ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ КАК УСЛОВИЕ СУЩЕСТВОВАНИЯ И ОТЧУЖДЕНИЯ ЛИЧНОСТИ В МУЛЬТИКУЛЬТУРНОМ МИРЕ
Authors: Скаковская Наталия Вячеславовна , Вторушин Николай Анатольевич , Погукаева Анна Вячеславовна 
Published: August 2021

Сформулирована проблема сущности толерантности, которая связана, с одной стороны, со ставшей привычной идеей демократии и философией либерализма, а с другой стороны – с новой культурной и политической реальностями. Представлено понимание взаимоотношения культурного и религиозного контекстов толерантности. Осмыслены результаты исследования студенческой адаптации в контексте толерантности. Актуальность обусловлена трансформаций образования, отражающаяся в тенденциях интернационализации, компьютеризации и интеграции образовательных систем разных стран. Цель: оценить возможности и преимущества толерантного поведения в образовательной среде. Методы. Основу исследования составляет социокультурный подход, раскрывающий тенденции современного образования. С помощью философской рефлексии отражены новые аспекты толерантности в духовном опыте человека. Социологические методы позволили проанализировать понимание толерантного поведения студентов. Результаты. Даны философские оценки того, как мы можем наилучшим образом быть толерантными в самых разных культурных обществах, опираясь на универсальные моральные ценности и образование. Авторы представляют проблему толерантности в новом аспекте – как источник отчуждения личности в многочисленных культурных связях. Представлены выводы исследования толерантного поведения студентов Томского политехнического университета и Российского университета дружбы народов: роль религиозных, культурных, традиционных, гендерных, семейных аспектов в толерантной коммуникации. Показано, почему проблема толерантности в российских вузах не стоит так же остро, как в европейских. Выделены образовательные компетенции современного толерантного студента: умение избегать конфликтных ситуаций, понимание и принятие других культур и российского социума, навыки преодоление социально-психологических барьеров, умения и навыки ведения «диалога культур» с помощью изучения языка. Сформулированы образовательные компетенции современного толерантного студента: умение избегать конфликтных ситуаций, понимание и принятие других культур и российского общества, преодоление социально-психологического барьера, формирование навыков и умений вести «диалог культур».
ЮВЕНАЛЬНЫЕ ФОБИИ ПОСТАПОКАЛИПТИЧЕСКОЙ ВЛАСТИ: МОРАЛЬНАЯ ДЕВОЛЮЦИЯ ЛИЧНОСТИ В ЖЕРНОВАХ БИОПОЛИТИКИ
Authors: Маленко Сергей Анатольевич , Некита Андрей Григорьевич 
Published: August 2021

Актуальность. Антропологический кризис, в который ввергнута современная цивилизация, задает новые стандарты интерпретации противоречий между поколениями и диктует сценарии их визуализации. Данный конфликт приобретает политико-идеологическое звучание, что требует гуманитарной экспертизы этой ситуации и формирования корпуса рекомендаций по минимизации негативных последствий. Цель: на примере голливудской франшизы о «Дивергенте» проанализировать стратегии формирования постапокалиптического социального пространства и принципы деформации межпоколенческой коммуникации. Методы: авторы опираются на междисциплинарный комплекс семиотического, феноменологического и психоаналитического методов, позволяющий всесторонне проанализировать биополитические и идеологические стратегии постапокалиптической власти. Результаты: укрепление институтов власти будущего осуществляется посредством насаждения тоталитарной, иерархической системы, каждый уровень которой выполняет предписанную моральную миссию, что позволяет придавать ее официальным и повседневным функциям высшие сакральные и антропологические смыслы. Эффективность существования фракционной системы постапокалиптического будущего обеспечивается за счет создания жесткого механизма социализации, призванного формировать и канонизировать стандартизированные моральные добродетели. Функционированию подобного отлаженного механизма препятствуют дивергенты – индивиды, обладающие всеми фракционными способностями одновременно. Их универсальность подрывает стабильность антиутопического социума, что обуславливает стремление власти к физическому устранению дивергентов из социального пространства. Государственному порядку противопоставлена внесистемная оппозиция инсургентов – девиантов, стремящихся уничтожить фракционную детерминацию. Демонстративная борьба фракционного социума с инсургентами является его системной функцией, укрепляющей позиции власти, которая выступает закономерным результатом теневых экспериментов над обществом. Выводы: использование технологий профессиональной сегрегации становится ведущей биополитической, коммунитарной стратегией постапокалиптической тоталитарной власти.
Psychosocial challenges of single parenthood students: In the case of Hosanna Primary School, Ethiopia
Authors: Melaku Sewagegn Mola 
Published: August 2021

Parents provide emotional, physical and economic aid to their members of families. The aim of study was to examine the psychosocial challenges of single parenthood students in vision primary school. The target population of the study was 87 boys and 82 girls totally 169 students were selected as sample participants by using purposive sampling techniques. The five-point Likert questionnaires were used, descriptive statistics like frequency, table and percentage to examine the effect of psychosocial challenges of single parenthood students. The result revealed that students from single parenthood face psychosocial problems due to the absence of one parent by death or divorce that create more problems for these students. Also, students from single parent face psychological problems like low self-esteem, loneliness and high depression, negative attitudes about themselves and hopelessness about their future life. Finally, the study suggested that the concerned bodies should play a great role in teaching and counseling therapy.

Keywords: Psychosocial, challenges, single parenthood, students, Ethiopia.