bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moral, isolation, diakoni, tilblivelse og fortvivlelse – i vidt forskellige teologiske sammenhænge
Authors: Nielsen Jesper Tang 
Published: January 2021

Årets årgang af Dansk Teologisk Tidsskrift består af to dobbeltnumre. Med dette bind foreligger det første. Det er i sagens natur mere omfattende end normalt. Næste dobbeltnummer følger inden for overskuelig tid. Ud over den utraditionelle nummering følger Dansk Teologiske Tidsskrift sin traditionelle redaktionelle stil. Vi bringer fem artikler, der dækker alle teologiens discipliner og behandler såvel nye teologiske spørgsmål som gamle spørgsmål på en ny måde.
Første artikel af Jan Dietrich omhandler moralsk realisme i Det Gamle Testamente eller den Hebraiske Bibel, som man rettelig bør sige, når man ikke ønsker at anvende det kristne perspektiv på denne skriftsamling. Dietrich tager udgangspunkt hos Platon og stiller spørgsmålet, om det gode er godt i sig selv; eller det er godt, fordi Gud siger, at det er godt? Hvordan forholder Gud sig til det i den første del af Bibelen?Efter eksegesen kommer kirkehistorien. Mette Birkedal Bruun præsenterer sin store disputats om Armand-Jean Rancé og hans reform af cistercienserklosteret La Trappe. Rancés asketiske program indebar en isolation fra samfundet, men samtidig foregik en ret intens udveksling med den omgivende verden. Det dynamiske forhold mellem tilbagetrækning og engagement er temaet for hendes undersøgelse.I den næste artikel præsenteres diakonien som et nyt fagområde inden for dansk teologi. Med anledning i kandidatuddannelsen i diakonived Aarhus Universitet præsenterer Jakob Egeris Thorsen det faglige felt både nationalt og internationalt.De to sidste bidrag omhandler på forskellig vis Søren Kierkegaard. Det første af Anne Louise Nielsen afdækker en teologi hos Kierkegaard. Det er et gammelt spørgsmål, om Kierkegaard overhovedet kan siges at have fremlagt en teologi. Artiklen argumenterer for, at der faktisk foreligger en teologi i Filosofiske Smuler, som kan karakteriseres som en tilblivelsens teologi. Den sætter forfatteren i relation til nyere teologiske positioner.Den sidste artikel læser Lykke-Per på baggrund af Søren Kierkegaards Sygdommen til Døden. Dermed afdækkes, at Henrik Pontoppidanhar været langt mere influeret af Søren Kierkegaards tanker, end man ellers har været opmærksom på. Romanens hovedperson, Per Sidenius, er visse steder fortvivlet på en måde, som bedst forstås gennem Kierkegaards definitioner.Til dette nummer er der god grund til at ønske god læselyst.
¡Más chutes no! La heroína, entre arma de la democracia y vehículo heroico.
Authors: Orihuela Antonio 
Published: January 2021

La contracultura española floreció en el paréntesis de permisividad que el proceso transicional, desde las opresivas estructuras franquistas a la democracia, dejó expedito a los experimentos sociales y culturales. A partir de 1978, el Estado reaccionará a toda esta floración sociocultural de signo autónomo, fomentando un clima de truculencia, sensacionalismo, miedo, paranoia, delincuencia, estigmatización de la pobreza y drogas que, orquestado desde los media, sorprendentemente, fueron también asumidos como rasgos identitarios por los mismos grupos marginalizados.
Some Geometry of Affine Immersion of General Co-dimension
Authors: Longwap Silas , Nahum Homti E. , Bitrus Gukat G. 
Published: January 2021

After a careful study of some works of servaral authors on affine immersion of co-dimension one [1], co-dimension two [2], co-dimension three [3] and co-dimension four [4], we extend some of thier fundamental equations to affine immersion of genaral co-dimension p. Furthermore, we extend some theorem of Frank Dillen at el in [5] to affine immersion of general co-dimension and obtain the divisibility of the cubic forms by the second fundamental forms.
Lightweight, Superelastic, and Hydrophobic Polyimide Nanofiber /MXene Composite Aerogel for Wearable Piezoresistive Sensor and Oil/Water Separation Applications
Authors: Liu Hu , Chen Xiaoyu , Zheng Yanjun , Zhang Dianbo , Zhao Ye , Wang Chunfeng , Pan Caofeng , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInspired by the ultralight and structurally robust spider webs, flexible nanofibril‐assembled aerogels with intriguing attributes have been designed for achieving promising performances in various applications. Here, conductive polyimide nanofiber (PINF)/MXene composite aerogel with typical “layer‐strut” bracing hierarchical nanofibrous cellular structure has been developed via the freeze‐drying and thermal imidization process. Benefiting from the porous architecture and robust bonding between PINF and MXene, the PINF/MXene composite aerogel exhibits an ultralow density (9.98 mg cm−3), intriguing temperature tolerance from ‐50 to 250 °C, superior compressibility and recoverability (up to 90% strain), and excellent fatigue resistance over 1000 cycles. The composite aerogel can be used as a piezoresistive sensor, with an outstanding sensing capacity up to 90% strain (corresponding 85.21 kPa), ultralow detection limit of 0.5% strain (corresponding 0.01 kPa), robust fatigue resistance over 1000 cycles, excellent piezoresistive stability and reproductivity in extremely harsh environments. Furthermore, the composite aerogel also exhibits superior oil/water separation properties such as high adsorption capacity (55.85 to 135.29 g g−1) and stable recyclability due to its hydrophobicity and robust hierarchical porous structure. It is expected that the designed PINF/MXene composite aerogel can supply a new multifunctional platform for human bodily motion/physical signals detection and high‐efficient oil/water separation.
Next‐Generation Vaccines: Nanoparticle‐Mediated DNA and mRNA Delivery
Authors: Ho William , Gao Mingzhu , Li Fengqiao , Li Zhongyu , Zhang Xue‐Qing , Xu Xiaoyang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNucleic acid vaccines are a method of immunization aiming to elicit immune responses akin to live attenuated vaccines. In this method, DNA or messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences are delivered to the body to generate proteins, which mimic disease antigens to stimulate the immune response. Advantages of nucleic acid vaccines include stimulation of both cell‐mediated and humoral immunity, ease of design, rapid adaptability to changing pathogen strains, and customizable multiantigen vaccines. To combat the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, and many other diseases, nucleic acid vaccines appear to be a promising method. However, aid is needed in delivering the fragile DNA/mRNA payload. Many delivery strategies have been developed to elicit effective immune stimulation, yet no nucleic acid vaccine has been FDA‐approved for human use. Nanoparticles (NPs) are one of the top candidates to mediate successful DNA/mRNA vaccine delivery due to their unique properties, including unlimited possibilities for formulations, protective capacity, simultaneous loading, and delivery potential of multiple DNA/mRNA vaccines. This review will summarize the many varieties of novel NP formulations for DNA and mRNA vaccine delivery as well as give the reader a brief synopsis of NP vaccine clinical trials. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges for NP‐mediated nucleic acid vaccines will be explored.
A Programmable DNA‐Silicification‐Based Nanocavity for Single‐Molecule Plasmonic Sensing
Authors: Liang Le , Zheng Peng , Zhang Chi , Barman Ishan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPlasmonic nanocavities are highly desirable for optical sensing because of their singular ability to confine light into deep subwavelength volumes. Yet, it remains profoundly challenging to fabricate structurally resilient nanocavities with high fidelity, and to obtain direct, noninvasive visualization of the plasmonic hotspots within such constructs. Herein, highly precise and robust nanocavities, entitled DNA‐silicified template for Raman optical beacon (DNA‐STROBE), are engineered by using silicified DNA scaffolds for spatial organization of discrete plasmonic nanoparticles. In addition to substantially enhancing structural stability and chemical inertness, DNA silicification significantly improves nanogap control, resulting simultaneously in large and controlled local electromagnetic field enhancement. The ultrasmall mode volume of the DNA‐STROBE constructs promotes single‐molecule occupancy enabling surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) observations of single‐molecule activity even at elevated background concentration, significantly relaxing the restrictive pico‐ to nanomolar molecular concentration condition typically required for such investigations. Additionally, leveraging super‐resolution SERS measurements allows noninvasive and diffraction‐unlimited spatial profiling of otherwise unresolvable plasmonic hotspots. The highly programmable and reproducible nature of the DNA‐STROBE, coupled with its quantitative label‐free molecular readouts, provides a versatile platform with applications across the spectrum of nanophotonics and biomedical sciences.
High‐Resolution Agent‐Based Modeling of COVID‐19 Spreading in a Small Town
Authors: Truszkowska Agnieszka , Behring Brandon , Hasanyan Jalil , Zino Lorenzo , Butail Sachit , Caroppo Emanuele , Jiang Zhong‐Ping , Rizzo Alessandro , Porfiri Maurizio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAmid the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic, public health authorities and the general population are striving to achieve a balance between safety and normalcy. Ever changing conditions call for the development of theory and simulation tools to finely describe multiple strata of society while supporting the evaluation of “what‐if” scenarios. Particularly important is to assess the effectiveness of potential testing approaches and vaccination strategies. Here, an agent‐based modeling platform is proposed to simulate the spreading of COVID‐19 in small towns and cities, with a single‐individual resolution. The platform is validated on real data from New Rochelle, NY—one of the first outbreaks registered in the United States. Supported by expert knowledge and informed by reported data, the model incorporates detailed elements of the spreading within a statistically realistic population. Along with pertinent functionality such as testing, treatment, and vaccination options, the model accounts for the burden of other illnesses with symptoms similar to COVID‐19. Unique to the model is the possibility to explore different testing approaches—in hospitals or drive‐through facilities—and vaccination strategies that could prioritize vulnerable groups. Decision‐making by public authorities could benefit from the model, for its fine‐grain resolution, open‐source nature, and wide range of features.
A Commercial Benchmark: Light‐Soaking Free, Fully Scalable, Large‐Area Organic Solar Cells for Low‐Light Applications
Authors: Luke Joel , Corrêa Luiza , Rodrigues Jair , Martins Juliana , Daboczi Matyas , Bagnis Diego , Kim Ji‐Seon 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLow‐light applications provide an exciting market opportunity for organic solar cells (OSCs). However, so far, studies have only considered OSCs of limited commercial viability. Herein, the applicability of a fully‐scalable, flexible, inverted non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA) containing OSC is demonstrated by showing its superior performance to silicon under low‐light, achieving 40 µW cm−2 maximum power output at 1300 lx illumination. The effect of parasitic resistance and dark current on low‐light performance are identified. Furthermore, an atmosphere sensitive light‐soaking (LS) effect, critical for low‐light performance and resulting in undesirable S‐shaped current‐voltage characteristics, is analyzed. By employing different interlayers and photoactive layers (PALs) the origin of this LS effect is identified as poor electron extraction at the electron transport layer (ETL)/PAL interface when the common ETL ZnO is used. Two strategies are implemented to overcome the LS effect: replacement of ZnO with SnO2 nanoparticles to reduce ETL sub‐gap electron trap states or tuning the NFA energy levels to optimize interfacial energetics. Finally, the commercial viability of these LS‐free devices is demonstrated by fabricating fully printed large‐area modules (21.6 cm2) achieving a maximum power output of 17.2 µW cm−2, providing the most relevant example of the currently obtainable performance in commercial low‐light OSCs.
Conservation tillage is compatible with manure injection in corn silage systems
Authors: Battaglia Martin L. , Ketterings Quirine M. , Godwin Gregory , Czymmek Karl J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAdoption of conservation tillage practices has increased over the past 30 yr in the United States. Research is needed to evaluate if reduced tillage practices are compatible with manure injection on dairy farms. Two corn (Zea mays L.) silage studies were conducted in New York to evaluate the impact of zone tillage depth and tillage intensity on early plant growth and soil nitrate‐N, corn silage productivity and quality, and nutrient uptake at harvest. Treatments included three zone tillage depths (0, 18, and 36 cm; with aerator seedbed preparation) for Study 1 (2012–2013) and three tillage intensities (no tillage, reduced tillage [aerator seedbed preparation without zone tillage], and intensified reduced tillage [aerator seedbed preparation plus zone tillage at 18‐cm depth]) for Study 2 (2014–2016). Manure was injected in the spring, and all fields had a manure and zone tillage history. Zone tillage depth did not affect early plant growth, soil nitrate‐N content at V5‐V6, corn silage yield, quality, corn stalk nitrate test (CSNT)‐N, or nutrient removal with harvest. The CSNT‐N levels exceeded 2,000 mg NO3–N kg–1, confirming sufficient N for each treatment. Study 2 showed no impact of tillage intensity on corn growth, yield, or nutritive value, and CSNT‐N levels always exceeded 2,000 mg NO3–N kg–1. These findings show that, on fields with a history of manure addition and reduced tillage, manure injection followed by planting without further seedbed preparation or zone tillage can maintain yields and quality and can conserve N while reducing soil disturbance and tillage‐associated fuel, equipment, and labor costs.
A Desaturase‐Like Enzyme Catalyzes Oxazole Formation in Pseudomonas Indolyloxazole Alkaloids
Authors: Brachmann Alexander O. , Probst Silke I. , Rüthi Joel , Dudko Darya , Bode Helge B. , Piel Jörn 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIndolyloxazole alkaloids occur in diverse micro‐ and macroorganisms and exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. Despite their ubiquitous occurrence and simple structures, the biosynthetic pathway remained unknown. Here, we used transposon mutagenesis in the labradorin producer Pseudomonas entomophila to identify a cryptic biosynthetic locus encoding an N‐acyltransferase and a non‐heme diiron desaturase‐like enzyme. Heterologous expression in E. coli demonstrates that both enzymes are sufficient to produce indolyloxazoles. Probing their function in stable‐isotope feeding experiments, we provide evidence for an unusual desaturase mechanism that generates the oxazole by decarboxylative cyclization.
Imaging and Analysis of Isomeric Unsaturated Lipids through Online Photochemical Derivatization of Carbon–Carbon Double Bonds**
Authors: Unsihuay Daisy , Su Pei , Hu Hang , Qiu Jiamin , Kuang Shihuan , Li Yingju , Sun Xiaofei , Dey Sudhansu K. , Laskin Julia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnraveling the complexity of the lipidome requires the development of novel approaches for the structural characterization of lipid species with isomer‐level discrimination. Herein, we introduce an online photochemical approach for lipid isomer identification through selective derivatization of double bonds by reaction with singlet oxygen. Lipid hydroperoxide products are generated promptly after laser irradiation. Fragmentation of these species in a mass spectrometer produces diagnostic fragments revealing the C=C locations in the unreacted lipids. This approach uses an inexpensive light source and photosensitizer making it easy to incorporate into any lipidomics workflow. We demonstrate the utility of this approach for the shotgun profiling of C=C locations in different lipid classes present in tissue extracts using electrospray ionization (ESI) and ambient imaging of lipid species differing only by the location of C=C bonds using nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano‐DESI).
Interrupted Pyridine Hydrogenation: Asymmetric Synthesis of δ‐Lactams
Authors: Wagener Tobias , Lückemeier Lukas , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMetal‐catalyzed hydrogenation is an effective method to transform readily available arenes into saturated motifs, however, current hydrogenation strategies are limited to the formation of C−H and N−H bonds. The stepwise addition of hydrogen yields reactive unsaturated intermediates that are rapidly reduced. In contrast, the interruption of complete hydrogenation by further functionalization of unsaturated intermediates offers great potential for increasing chemical complexity in a single reaction step. Overcoming the tenet of full reduction in arene hydrogenation has been seldom demonstrated. In this work we report the synthesis of sought‐after, enantioenriched δ‐lactams from oxazolidinone‐substituted pyridines and water by an interrupted hydrogenation mechanism.
Benzo‐Fused Perylene Oligomers with up to 13 Linearly Annulated Rings
Authors: Yang Xuan , Rominger Frank , Mastalerz Michael 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe longer acenes with more than six linearly fused six‐membered rings are still fascinating chemists and physicists because of their unique photophysical properties and their high potential for organic electronics applications. Unfortunately, with increasing size (seven and more rings) these compounds rapidly lose chemical stability. Besides kinetic and chemical stabilization approaches introducing either bulky or electron‐withdrawing groups or both, such systems also have been stabilized by peri‐annulation. Although strictly spoken, these peri‐annulated compounds are no longer real acenes, they have fascinating properties as well. Herein, we describe the first synthesis of a new series of peri‐annulated acenes with up to 13 linearly fused rings, which is unprecedented till date. Furthermore, this new series contains perylene units connected through benzene rings along their [b,k]edges, responsible for unique absorption and emission properties.
Self‐reduction synthesis and luminescence properties of Eu, Dy co‐doped SrMg2(PO4)2 phosphor
Authors: Wu Yuheng , Yang Yaoyao , Liu Bingfa , Hu Mengzhu , Min Xiao , Wu Yuansheng , Liu Zongjian , Yu Lixin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA series of SrMg2(PO4)2:Eu2+–Eu3+,Dy3+ phosphors was synthesized successfully using a high‐temperature solid‐state method in an air atmosphere. The structures were studied in detail using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and the luminescence properties of the samples. SrMg2(PO4)2:Eu2+–Eu3+ samples can emit adjustable blue‐violet light by controlling the proportion of dopant concentration of europium and dysprosium under 340 nm excitation. Dy3+ exhibits typical blue and yellow emission under 350 nm excitation. The energy transferred from Eu3+ to Dy3+ in Dy and Eu co‐doped system was determined by comparing the fluorescence spectra of single‐doped system. In addition, the colour coordinates of the International Commission on lighting (CIE) indicated that SrMg2(PO4)2:Eu2+–Eu3+,Dy3+ could be considered as a potential blue‐purple phosphor for white light‐emitting diode applications.
A ratiometric fluorescent probe for the rapid and specific detection of HSO3− in water samples
Authors: Mu Xinyue , Zhu Jinbiao , Yan Liqiang , Tang Ningli 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHydrosulphite (HSO3−), as a common and important chemical reagent, is widely used in everyday life, however excessive use and abuse of HSO3− can cause potential harmful effects on the environment and in biological health. In this paper, we describe the design and preparation of a colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescence probe for the visual detection of HSO3− (excitation wavelengths were, respectively, 336 nm and 520 nm). This method showed some advantages including simple preparation, high selectivity, fast response, and significant colour and fluorescence ratio (F450/F594) changes in the presence of HSO3−. In addition, this probe was used successfully for the detection of HSO3− in real water samples and showed a good recovery rate range.
Devices and techniques used to obtain and analyze three‐dimensional cell cultures
Authors: Agrawal Gatika , Ramesh Anuradha , Aishwarya Pargaonkar , Sally Jennifer , Ravi Maddaly 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCell cultures are indispensable for both basic and applied research. Advancements in cell culture and analysis increase their utility for basic research and translational applications. A marked development in this direction is advent of three‐dimensional (3D) cultures. The extent of advancement in 3D cell culture methods over the past decade has warranted referring to a single cell type being cultured as an aggregate or spheroid using simple scaffolds as “traditional.” In recent years, the development of “next‐generation” devices has enabled cultured cells to mimic their natural environments much better than the traditional 3D culture systems. Automated platforms like chip‐based devices, magnetic‐ and acoustics‐based assembly devices, di‐electrophoresis (DEP), micro pocket cultures (MPoC), and 3D bio‐printing provide a dynamic environment compared to the rather static conditions of the traditional simple scaffold‐based 3D cultures. Chip‐based technologies, which are centered on principles of microfluidics, are revolutionizing the ways in which cell culture and analysis can be compacted into table‐top instruments. A parallel evolution in analytical devices enabled efficient assessment of various complex physiological and pathological endpoints. This is augmented by concurrent development of software enabling rapid large‐scale automated data acquisition and analysis like image cytometry, elastography, optical coherence tomography, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and biosensors. The techniques and devices utilized for the purpose of 3D cell culture and subsequent analysis depend primarily on the requirement of the study. We present here an in‐depth account of the devices for obtaining and analyzing 3D cell cultures.
Intravascular brachytherapy is a good clinical option for refractory in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Balter Stephen , Moses Jeffrey W. 
Published: January 2021

Key Points
VBT is a good clinical option for patients with refractory recurrent ISR in the DES era.
IVUS guidance improves vessel characterization, with consequential improvements in treatment planning and delivery, significantly improves outcomes.
Overall, VBT had a 2 year success rate of approximately 67% in 143 lesions. Optimizing treatment planning and delivery should further increases success.
TAVR in cancer; healing the sickest of the sick
Authors: Marmagkiolis Konstantinos , Cilingiroglu Mehmet 
Published: January 2021

Key Points
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedure became a standard treatment for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis in high‐risk patients for open heart surgery.
The TAVR short‐term and long‐term mortality rates are similar between cancer survivors and patients without cancer.
The rates of pacemaker implantation, acute kidney injury, stroke, and bleeding are also similar.