bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperdense Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Clinical Characteristics and Proteomic Landscape
Authors: Xu He , Hua Jie , Meng Qingcai , Wang Xiaohong , Xu Jin , Wang Wei , Zhang Bo , Liu Jiang , Liang Chen , Yu Xianjun , Shi Si 
Published: February 2021

PurposeHypodensity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) during contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) examination is common, but a minority of PDAC patients exhibit hyperdense images. The present study examined the clinical characteristics and protein landscape of PDAC with hyperdensity.Materials and MethodsA total of 844 pathologically confirmed PDAC patients who underwent CECT before surgery were included. During the parenchymal phase of CECT, patients were assigned to the hyperdense or hypodense group based on CT values. Clinical and CT characteristics for predicting relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. The expression of the tumor angiogenesis marker CD31 and stroma-related protein CTHRC1 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay to evaluate differences between the two groups. Proteomics was performed to compare the possible mechanisms underlying the differential enhancement on CT scans.ResultsBased on CECT, 43 and 801 PDAC patients had hyperdense and hypodense lesions, respectively. All 43 patients presented a hyperdense lesion in the parenchymal phase. The mean CECT values of the hyperdense group were higher than the hypodense group (102.5 ± 17.4 and 53.7 ± 18.7, respectively, P&lt; 0.001). The hyperdense group had a better prognosis than the hypodense group (median RFS, 19.97 vs. 12.34 months, P = 0.0176; median OS, 33.6 vs. 20.3 months, P = 0.047). Multivariate analysis showed that age, higher CA19-9 levels (&gt; 300 U/ml), tumor stage, tumor differentiation, tumor CT density, and adjuvant chemotherapy were significant independent prognostic factors for OS. CD31 immunohistochemical staining showed that the hyperdense PDACs had a higher microvessel density than the hypodense group (P&lt; 0.001). CTHRC1 expression was higher in the hypodense group (P = 0.019). Sixty-eight differentially expressed proteins were found using the tandem mass tag labeling-based quantification of the proteomes of PDAC tissue samples, and 7 proteins (POFUT1, PKP2, P0DOX4, ITPR1, HBG2, IGLC3, SAA2) were related to angiogenesis.ConclusionPatients who presented with a hyperdense mass on CECT had a higher microvessel density and better prognosis. Anti-angiogenic therapy may be suitable for these patients.
Conservative Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Assessing Differences in Outcome Measures Between Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies
Authors: Hundscheid Tim , Jansen Esther J. S. , Onland Wes , Kooi Elisabeth M. W. , Andriessen Peter , de Boode Willem P. 
Published: February 2021

Objective: This study aims to evaluate outcome after conservative management (no pharmacological/surgical intervention other than fluid restriction, diuretics, or ventilator adjustments) compared with active (pharmacological and/or surgical) treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants and analyze differences in outcome between randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies.Study Design: This is a systematic literature review using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library. RCTs and cohort studies comparing conservative management with active treatment were included. Meta-analysis was used to compare conservative management with any active (pharmacological and/or surgical), any pharmacological (non-prophylactic and prophylactic), and/or surgical treatment for mortality as primary and major neonatal morbidity as secondary outcome measure. Fixed-effect analysis was used, unless heterogeneity (I2) was &gt;50%. Outcome is presented as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval.Results: Twelve cohort studies and four RCTs were included, encompassing 41,804 and 720 patients, respectively. In cohort studies, conservative management for PDA was associated with a significantly higher risk for mortality (RR, 1.34 [1.12–1.62]) but a significantly lower risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (RR, 0.55 [0.46–0.65]), necrotizing enterocolitis (RR, 0.85 [0.77–0.93]), intraventricular hemorrhage (RR, 0.88 [0.83–0.95]), and retinopathy of prematurity (RR, 0.47 [0.28–0.79]) compared with any active PDA treatment. Meta-analysis of the RCTs revealed no significant differences in outcome between conservative management and active treatment.Conclusion: No differences in mortality or morbidity for conservative management compared with active treatment regimens were observed in RCTs. Findings from cohort studies mainly highlight the lack of high-quality evidence for conservative management for PDA in preterm infants.
Pharmacological Prevention of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal in a Pregnant Guinea Pig Model
Authors: Safa Alireza , Lau Allison R. , Aten Sydney , Schilling Karl , Bales Karen L. , Miller Victoria A. , Fitzgerald Julie , Chen Min , Hill Kasey , Dzwigalski Kyle , Obrietan Karl , Phelps Mitch A. , Sadee Wolfgang , Oberdick John 
Published: February 2021

Newborns exposed to prenatal opioids often experience intense postnatal withdrawal after cessation of the opioid, called neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), with limited pre- and postnatal therapeutic options available. In a prior study in pregnant mice we demonstrated that the peripherally selective opioid antagonist, 6β-naltrexol (6BN), is a promising drug candidate for preventive prenatal treatment of NOWS, and a therapeutic mechanism was proposed based on preferential delivery of 6BN to fetal brain with relative exclusion from maternal brain. Here, we have developed methadone (MTD) treated pregnant guinea pigs as a physiologically more suitable model, enabling detection of robust spontaneous neonatal withdrawal. Prenatal MTD significantly aggravates two classic maternal separation stress behaviors in newborn guinea pigs: calling (vocalizing) and searching (locomotion) - natural attachment behaviors thought to be controlled by the endogenous opioid system. In addition, prenatal MTD significantly increases the levels of plasma cortisol in newborns, showing that cessation of MTD at birth engages the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. We find that co-administration of 6BN with MTD prevents these withdrawal symptoms in newborn pups with extreme potency (ID50 ∼0.02 mg/kg), at doses unlikely to induce maternal or fetal withdrawal or to interfere with opioid antinociception based on many prior studies in rodents and non-human primates. Furthermore, we demonstrate a similarly high potency of 6BN in preventing opioid withdrawal in adult guinea pigs (ID50 = 0.01 mg/kg). This high potency appears to run counter to our pharmacokinetic studies showing slow 6BN transit of both the placenta and maternal blood brain barrier in guinea pigs, and calls into question the preferential delivery mechanism. Rather, it suggests a novel receptor mechanism to account for the selectively high potency of 6BN to suppress opioid dependence at all developmental stages, even in adults, as compared to its well-established low potency as a classical opioid antagonist. In conclusion, 6BN is an attractive compound for development of a preventive therapy for NOWS.
Results from a Meta-analysis of Combination of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 Inhibitors in Malignant Cancer Patients: Does PD-L1 Matter?
Authors: Feng Yuqian , Jin Huimin , Guo Kaibo , Xiang Yuying , Zhang Yiting , Du Wurong , Shen Minhe , Ruan Shanming 
Published: February 2021

Background: Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been widely used for clinical treatment in recent years, which has a better survival benefit. However, not all patients can derive clinical benefit from combination immunotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the biomarkers of combination immunotherapy.Methods: We retrieved articles from electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane. The statistical analysis was performed using RevMan software. Progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR) were the outcome indicators. In the unselect population, we compared combination therapy with other treatments. In addition, we also conducted subgroup analysis on PFS, OS and ORR according to PD-L1 status.Results: Seven studies were included in the analysis for a total of 3,515 cases. In the unselected population, we found that combination therapy has longer PFS, OS, and better ORR than other treatments for cancer patients. The longer PFS was showed in PD-L1 ≥ 5% cases (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.56–0.76; p &lt; 0.001) than PD-L1 ≥ 1% cases (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.66–0.79; p &lt; 0.001), while ORR and OS have not related to the status of PD-L1.Conclusion: This study supported the efficacy of combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and also showed that PFS in patients with malignant tumors is positively correlated with PD-L1 expression. Due to the limited number of trials included, more high-quality clinical randomized controlled trials should be conducted to confirm the review findings.
University Social Responsibility, Service Learning, and Students' Personal, Professional, and Civic Education
Authors: Coelho Márcia , Menezes Isabel 
Published: February 2021

The long-standing vision of universities as the “alma mater” of students and graduates is a demonstration of its role as sustaining the person, the expert/professional, and the citizen. This role has persisted in the face of rising global challenges such as the emergence of new learning spaces, the growing diversity of publics, the call for productivity and performativity, and the hope for a significant engagement with the community and the public good. These sometimes conflicting tendencies have also stimulated higher education institutions to further pedagogical strategies that articulate in novel ways the classical elements of learning: action/experience and reflection/theory. In this context, service learning received a new impetus, particularly in the post-Bologna European Higher Education Area, as universities were looking for ways in which to articulate the social dimension of HEI and their “third mission” as institutions not only committed to addressing and solving societal problems, but also committed to fostering public-minded alumni through powerful experiences of engagement for both the students and the community.This paper is based on the experience of Erasmus+project ESSA, a service earning based project focused on University social responsibility (USR). ESSA engaged four groups of students from three European universities (Edinburgh, Porto, and Kaunas) in conducting a 1-week on-site USR audit based on an ecologic and situated concept of social responsibility. We will consider the perceived impact of ESSA on 44 students through a thematic analysis of focus group discussions and student self-assessment reports produced during and after their participation in the USR audit.
Depressive Symptoms and Emotional Distress of Transnational Mothers: A Scoping Review
Authors: Pineros-Leano María , Yao Laura , Yousuf Aroub , Oliveira Gabrielle 
Published: February 2021

Background: Female led migration is a recent trend that has been gaining momentum, particularly in Latin America. However, little attention has been given to the psychological consequences of mothers who leave their children in their country of origin and migrate to a host country to work. Therefore, it is important to investigate the mental health status of transnational mothers and to further identify issues for intervention and supportive services.Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, CENTRAL, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched systematically for peer-reviewed articles published from inception through July 2019. The search included the following terms: migrant, immigrant, transnational, transnational mother, AND mood disorders, depressive symptoms, and depression. Initially, 8,375 studies were identified. After exclusionary criteria were applied, 17 studies were identified and included in the review.Results: We found six quantitative studies that investigated depressive symptoms among transnational mothers. Of these studies, three found a positive association between transnational motherhood and depressive symptoms; three of these articles found a null correlation. A total of eight qualitative studies and three mixed-methods studies were found that addressed depressive symptoms and emotional distress among transnational mothers. The eight qualitative studies identified highlighted the significant emotional distress transnational mothers experience. Lastly, the three mixed-methods studies similarly discussed the emotional hardships faced by transnational mothers.Implications: The studies identified suggest that depressive symptoms and emotional distress are prevalent among transnational mothers. Therefore, public health social workers and other mental health providers need to focus on developing strategies to identify and screen transnational mothers for depressive symptoms.
ANALISIS POSTUR ATAU POSISI TUBUH MANUSIA MENGGUNAKAN TABEL NORDIC PADA PEKERJA BANGUNAN
Authors: Haryanto Handi , Henny Henny 
Published: February 2021

Manusia merupakan kajian utama dalam ilmu ergonomi, karena dalam melakukan pekerjaanya manusia mempunyai batasan-batasan tertentu. Oleh sebab itulah kita perlu mengetahui keterbatasan serta kemampuan yang manusia miliki untuk dapat ditinjau lebih lanjut agar dalam pelaksanaan kerja nantinya tidak terjadi accident maupun hal-hal buruk yang akan menimpa manusia dengan keterbatasannya
.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) adalah salah satu kemungkinan terburuk yang dialami oleh manusia terutama pada mereka yang melakukan pekerjaanya secara manual ini akan lebih besar mengalami kemungkinan Musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders adalah gangguan pada sistem muskuloskeletal yang dapat disebabkan atau diperburuk oleh pekerjaan dan performansi kerja seperti postur tubuh tidak alamiah, beban, durasi, frekuensi serta faktor individu (usia, masa kerja, kebiasaan merokok).

Penelitian awal terhadap gejala WMSDs dilakukan dengan metode analitik yaitu dengan menggunakan kuesioner Nordic body map, melakuakan wawancara dan pengambilan gambar pada posisi pekerja dalam keadaan yang tidak ergonomis. Penelitian dilakukan pada 10 orang pekerja bangunan. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran postur kerja dengan metode RULA atau REBA ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat bahaya dalam melakukan aktivitasnya. Pada hasil kuesioner Nordic body map, keluhan terbesar yang dialami oleh para pekerja bangunan adalah bagian punggung yaitu sebayak 10, terutama pada bagian punggung bagian atas terdapat 9 responden atau 9%. Dalam hasil kuesioner Nordic body map juga didapat informasi usia para pekerja bangunan yang sudah melebihi 30 sebanyak 9 atau 90%, jenis kelamin dari 10 responden semuanya merupakan laki-laki dan dari 10 responden juga menunjukan untuk mengatasi ketidak nyamanan atau keluhanya 100% tidak menggunakan jasa pisotrafi dan juga dokter atau masih menggunakan obat-obatan dan juga panti pijat. Maka dengan hasil yang didapatkan dari kuesioner

Nordic body map, metode RULA dipakai untuk mengetahui seberapa besar resiko bahayanya, adapun hasil dari perhitungan RULA dari 10 reponden dengan resiko minimal 20%, mendapatkan nilai resiko sedang 30% dan yang nilai resiko tinggi 50%.
ANALISIS PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER OBAT PADA APOTEK ADINDA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: Rosyiidi Thoriqi , Subagyo Ade Momon 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK
Pada penilitian ini, peniliti menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) sebagai alat pendukung keputusan dalam pemilihan supplier. Penilitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan informasi kepada pihak Apotek Adinda mengenai supplier mana yang sebaiknya dipilih untuk menjadi prioritas utama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan apotek. Metode ini dimulai dari mengidentifikasi masalah yang terjadi pada apotek, setelah itu dilakukan penentuan kriteria yang dianggap penting melalui wawancara pendahuluan dan pengisian kuesioner oleh pihak apotek. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan Microsoft Excel. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 supplier. Dari hasil penilitian pada tingkat kepentingan kriteria yang paling berpengaruh dalam pemilihan supplier adalah kriteria quality dengan nilai bobot sebesar 0,51. Kedua, kriteria price (0,23). Ketiga, kriteria service (0,13). Keempat, kriteria delivery (0,08). Kelima, kriteria quantity (0,05) dengan nilai uji rasio konsistensi sebesar 0,06. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Apotek Adinda mengutamakan kualitas yang tinggi terhadap produk dari supplier. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process ini ialah urutan prioritas supplier obat terbaik bagi Apotek Adinda, yaitu PT. Marganusantara Jaya dengan nilai bobot sebesar 0.38.

Kata Kunci: Pemilihan Supplier, Analytical Hierarchy Process, Supplier Terbaik
El encuentro como proyecto
Authors: Prada Guido Agustín 
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo plantea visibilizar la construcción de propuestas de educación pública que tengan como protagonistas de su desarrollo pedagógico y arquitectónico a las propias comunidades. Como punto de partida, se reflexiona en torno a la situación del Nivel Inicial en general y las dificultades de acceso al mismo para los sectores más vulnerables, donde los índices de pobreza ubican hoy a más de la mitad de las infancias. El artículo aborda experiencias de participación y autogestión en prácticas educativas propias del Nivel Inicial y formas de construcción social del hábitat en infraestructura escolar. A su vez se pregunta sobre la vinculación de estas prácticas con la administración pública. Además, se reflexiona sobre las posibilidades de construir nuevas experiencias que propongan la participación y gestión comunitaria desde los inicios del proyecto arquitectónico-pedagógico, revisando los modos actuales de producción de la infraestructura escolar.
EFFECT OF SALICYLLC ACID FOLIAR APPLICATION ON PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SILYBUM MARIANUM
Authors: Rad Z. Mahmoudi , Nourafcan H. , Mohebalipour N. , Assadi A. , Jamshidi S. 
Published: February 2021

Silybum marianum (L.), is an important herbal medicine. Silymarin, the active component obtained from its edible seeds, is known for its antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. This research was aimed to study the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) at four concentrations of 1250, 2500, 5000 and 10000 μmol l-1 on the improvement of phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Significant increase was found in the content of silibinin, silybin A and silybin B in plants treated with increasing concentrations of salicylic acid. The antioxidant activity was improved with increasing the SA concentration reaching the highest amount under 5000 μmol l-1 SA treatment (p < 0.05). Irrespective to the bacterial strain, an increasing pattern in the amount of antibacterial activity was found by increasing SA concentration. The study suggest that treatments with medium doses of SA could be a promising way to improve the health beneficial flavonolignans compounds of Silybum marianum resulting in a higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Nevertheless, it should be considered that the responses to SA are highly concentration dependent and application of higher concentrations can have an adverse effect by triggering a hyper sensitive cell death pathway.
DEVELOPMENT OF SINGLE CROSS HYBRIDS FROM Momordica charantia BY FULL DIALLEL CROSSES
Authors: Al-asad R. A. A. , Al-jebory K. D. 
Published: February 2021

A field experiment was carried out in the plastic houses , College of Agricultural Engineering Ssciences , University of Baghdad during the spring season 2018. Six inbred lines of bitter gourd were entered into full diallel crosses, and planted during 2018-2019 season (six inbred lines symbolized as 1,2,3,4,5,6 +15 diallel hybrid + 15 reciprocal hybrid + control hybrid) according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, each experimental unit occupied 6 plants. Results revealed a significant differences among the genotypes in most of studied traits, The reciprocal hybrid 5×4 gave the highest values in leaf chlorophyll content (27.61 mlg mg-1), sex ratio (0.611), fruit setting percent (85.74%), and plant yield (2.005 kg), while the diallel hybrid 1×4 gave the highest values in leaves area (1.172 m2), sex ratio (0.747), fruits number (23.16), and plant yield (2.023 kg plant-1), Also the hybrid 6×4 gave the highest value in plant yield (2.105 kg plant-1), and the hybrid 1×3 gave the highest value in total phenols concentration (5.67 mlg gm-1), and the hybrid 2×3 gave the highest value in fruits weight (105.58 gm), charantin concentration (0.616 gm). Furthermore, many of reversal and reciprocal hybrids showed a positive hybrid abundance in the desired direction among the studied parameters, The reciprocal hybrid 6×4 gave the highest hybrid abundance in fruit weight (59.17%) and plant yield (120.3%), also the hybrid 5×4 gave the highest hybrid abundance in plant yield (69.99%).
BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN RESISTIN, ADIPONECTIN, VISFATIN AND GHRELIN HORMONES WITH SOME COAGULATION MARKERS
Authors: Hayder Zh. Sh. , Kareem Z. S. 
Published: February 2021

This study was aimed to investigate the biological association between resistin, adiponectin, visfatin and ghrelin hormones with some coagulation markers. The study included 130 patient and 42 healthy subjects. Serum resistin, adiponectin, visfatin, ghrelin and some other hematological and biochemical parameters were estimated. Statistical analysis showed that altered resistin, adiponectin, visfatin, and ghrelin levels were significantly and directly or indirectly through insulin resistance (IR) associated with clotting markers. From the main studied levels of adipokines, ghrelin, and clotting parameters, the study indicated high levels of serum resistin, adiponectin, visfatin and ghrelin hormones in NIDDM, ESRD, NIDDM+ESRD patients. Also, altered platelets (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (aPPT), plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1 (PAI-1), and fibrinogen1 were observed. The studied adipocytokines and ghrelin concentration was correlated directly and indirectly through IR with the studied clotting parameters.
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM CONDITIONS FOR BIOSURFACTANT PRODUCTION BY LOCAL ISOLATE OF LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM AND EVALUATE ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: & Haider Jameel 
Published: February 2021

Eighty five local isolates of Lactobacillus sp. which were isolated from different sources and identified by biochemical test then subjected to the primary and secondary screening processes to select the active Lactobacillus sp. isolate for biosurfactant production. Among the isolates screened, twenty six isolates with maximum for tests in primary screening were selected for secondary screening. It has been found that Lactobacillus sp. ADK2 had the highest productivity of the biosurfactant. The selected isolate with highest level of biosurfactant activity was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum ADK2 according to PCR technique. The optimum conditions of biosurfactant production by isolate Lactobacillus plantarum ADK2 using submerged fermentation were obtained in the synthetic mineral salt medium (MSM) and natural BCDFTM medium the best production medium separately, 1.5% (lactose and egg) as the best carbon source, 2% meat extract and 3.5% Pease as nitrogen source, temperature 30 °C for two media and pH 5 with pH 3 in MSM and BCDFTM respectively, after 96 hr and 72 hr in MSM and BCDFTM respectively of incubation period.