bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI MENGGUNAKAN METODE FULL COSTING DALAM PENETAPAN HARGA JUAL
Authors: PURWANTO EKO 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Calculation of the cost of production is an important thing to note, because of the increasing competition between UMKM in producing quality products at quite competitive prices. This purpose of this research is to know how to calculated of the cost of goods manufactured to determine yhe selling price at UMKM Regar Fruit. Full costing method is a methode of dtermining the cost of goods manufactured which calculate all the elements from cost production which consist of materials cost, direct labour, factory overhead cost, both fixed cost and variable cost. The selling price can be obtained from cost of goods manufactured plus expected profit. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from the interview process through social media conducted with the ownes of UMKM. Secondary data obtained from UMKM Regar Fruit. The results of the research stated that the calculation of the cost of goods manufactured a difference that affected the selling price.
Information System Strategic Planning for M Group
Authors: Damayanti Lily , Sunarsa Teofilus , Gunawan Yuki 
Published: May 2021

M Group is a company engaged in the field of pharmacy, eye health and food. Along with the rapid growth of the company there are problems of how to make use the Information Technology department as optimal as possible and how to build a blue print of it strategy in handling a variety of issues and programs or initiatives to support the company's business strategy? This study aims to produce a strategic plan for information technology M Group. The research method used is John Ward and Joe Peppardâ€™s framework for strategic planning of information technology and Scott A. Bernardâ€™s Enterprise Architecture documentation. This study uses SWOT analysis, IT Balance Scorecard and Cost Benefit Analysis as a strategic tool to analyze the needs of Information System on M Group. After conducting the analysis then the Information System(IS) strategic planning is propose for M Group for next years (2020), which includes business strategies IS, IS / IT Management Strategy, Information System(IS) strategy and future application portfolio. The result of analysis and proposed strategies on M Group documented using the Enterprise Architecture Documentation.
Functional outcome of retrograde nailing versus locked plating of extra-articular distal femoral fractures in adults: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yadav Chandra Bhusan , Rajak Asish , Shrestha Bikram Prasad , Rijal Raju , Maharjan Rajiv , Kalawar Rosan PS , Limbu Amit 
Published: May 2021

Background: Distal femoral fracture constitutes the supracondylar and intercondylar fractures of femur. These are treated by locking plates as well as with nails. Despite the widespread use of both techniques, there are only few comparative studies. The two clinical techniques used to stabilize distal femur fractures are compared in this study.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare plating and nailing in terms of functional outcome using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Knee Score of operative fixation of extra-articular femur fracture.
Methodology: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with a total of 30 patients presenting to BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences in a period of twelve months. All skeletally mature (>16 years) adult patients with isolated traumatic closed extra-articular fracture of distal femur without distal neurovascular deficit and giving written and informed consent were included. Patients with re-fractures, poly-trauma, fracture dislocations, pathological fracture and compartment syndrome were excluded. They were operated and followed up at 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks.
Results: The demographic profiles of the two groups were comparable. There was no significant difference in functional outcome (Hospital for Special Surgery score), union or complications between them.
Conclusion: This study showed that there was no significant difference in terms of functional outcome (Hospital for Special Surgery score), union, fracture alignment, range of motion (knee, hip joint), infection, other outcome measures between plating and nailing in the treatment of distal femoral fracture in adults. Hence, further study is required to come to firm conclusions.
Knowledge and attitude towards nursing profession among male secondary level students
Authors: Khatri Asmita , Singh Regina 
Published: May 2021

Background: Nursing profession is stereotyped worldwide. In Nepal, the enrollment of males in nursing education was initiated in 1986 AD with allocation of 10% seats, which stopped after enrollment of four batches only. Nepal Nursing council has announced 15% allocation of nursing seats to male students from academic year 2018/19 AD but only a few number of males have been enrolled.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude towards the nursing profession among male secondary level students.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by employing multi-stage sampling technique in June, 2019. Random list of secondary schools of Kathmandu district was created followed by proportionate stratified random sampling among 80% of male students studying in grades nine and ten from initial ten schools from the randomized list. The sample size was 388. A self-structured questionnaire was administered. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 20 by using frequency, percentage, mean, chi-square test and pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Out of 388 respondents, only 55.4% had adequate knowledge and only 53.4% had a more positive attitude towards the nursing profession. Significant association was found between knowledge towards the nursing profession with two of the socio-demographic variables grade of student and respondent’s family, friends and relatives in the nursing profession.
Conclusion: The study showed inadequate knowledge and less positive attitude towards the nursing profession. Educational programs regarding different aspects of nursing profession should be planned timely by professional nursing organizations, nursing colleges and secondary schools of Nepal which would create a positive impact in enrollment of male nursing students in coming academic years.
Right extended hepatectomy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Dahal Romi , Adhikari Krishna Mohan , Pradhan Sumita , Bhandari Ramesh Singh 
Published: May 2021

Radical resection in a case of hilar cholangiocarcinoma is the only curative option. However resection in a hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a challenging procedure because of the low resectability rate. Only a few cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma are operable because of the advanced nature of disease at presentation. Furthermore, the extent of surgery makes it a complicated process to attempt. We recently had a patient who underwent an open extended right hepatectomy and hepaticojejunostomy for a type IIIa hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
The tumor was 20 mm in diameter and was located between the right hepatic duct and common hepatic duct. Radiological examination showed that the hepatic artery was not involved but the right portal vein was invaded by the tumor. CT volumetry was done and the future liver remnant was only 20% in the jaundiced patient. Preoperative drainage was done with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage from the left side. Portal vein embolization was done to augment future liver remnant to 30%.
The patient underwent an extended right hepatectomy (right trisectionectomy combined with caudate lobectomy). The operation time was nearly 300 min, and the intraoperative blood loss was about 500 ml. However, in the postoperative period, the patient developed post hepatic liver failure which was managed successfully with conservative treatment. The postoperative hospital stay was 23 days.
The final diagnosis was hilar cholangiocarcinoma with no nodal metastasis (pT2bN0M0) stage II (American Joint Committee on Cancer, AJCC).
Thermal Sprayed Polymer Coatings for Corrosion Protection in a Biochemical Treatment Process
Authors: Allan M.L. , Berndt C.C. , Brogan J.A. , Otterson D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Thermal sprayed ethylene methacrylic acid (EMAA) and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) coatings were evaluated for corrosion protection in a biochemical process to treat geothermal residues. Coupon, Atlas cell, peel strength and cathodic disbondment tests were performed in aggressive environments including geothermal sludge, hypersaline brine and sulfur oxidizing bacteria (Thiobacillus jerrooxidans) to determine coating suitability for protecting storage tanks and reaction vessels. It was found that the polymers were resistant to chemical attack and biodegradation at the test temperature of 55°C. The EMAA coatings protected 3l6L stainless steel from corrosion in coupon tests. However, corrosion of mild steel substrates coated with EMAA and ETFE occurred in Atlas cell tests that simulated a lined reactor operating environment and this resulted in decreased adhesive strength. Peel tests revealed that failure mode was dependent on exposure conditions. Cathodic disbondment tests in brine at room temperature indicated that EMAA coatings are resistant to disbondment at applied potentials of -780 to -1070 mV SCE for the test conditions and duration.
An Analysis of Environmental Factors Affecting Corrosion Behaviour of Thermal Spray Cermet Coatings
Authors: Hodgkiess T. , Neville A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Primarily thermal-spray coatings have been developed to combat excessive degradation of components due to mechanical wear. However, these coatings are increasingly being required to function in aqueous environments where corrosive attack is possible. The durability of thermal spray coatings in terms of corrosion resistance is the focus of this paper. Two coating methods were studied: high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) and thermal spray-fused. The HVOF coating was WC-Co-Cr and the spray-fused coatings were WC-Co based and Ni-Cr-Si-B. Samples have been exposed to aqueous environments at a range of different temperatures and of varying salinity (500ppm and 35,000ppm Total Dissolved Solids) in order to simulate freshwater and seawater environments. The detailed material loss and degradation mechanisms have been investigated using electrochemical-monitoring techniques supported by precise post-test microscopical examination using light microscopy, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy and x-ray microanalysis. The study has demonstrated that there is a strong dependence on coating durability for all the coatings as a function of temperature but salinity has a lesser effect. However there are interesting differences in the extent and detailed mechanisms of such effects between the different coatings.
Corrosion Resistance of Thermal Spray Inconel 690 Coatings
Authors: Normand B. , Liao H. , Landemarre O. , Coddet C. , Pagetti J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Inconel thermal spray coatings are potential candidates for wide industrial applications. However, the coating structure resulting from thermal spray processes characterized by unmelted particles, oxides and porosity can severely hinder their corrosion resistance in aggressive media. The aim of the present work was to optimize elaboration parameters in order to enhance their chemical stability. Electrochemical criteria were used to identify the ability of those coatings to form a passive film in a sulfuric acid solution and also to determine their local corrosion resistance in a chloride solution. Results show that the passivity state is strongly conditioned by the coating microstructure. Coatings free of unmelted particles exhibit a notably reduced passive current density while the localized corrosion resistance seems conditionned by the amount of interlamellar oxide.
Controlling the Sacrificial Corrosion Properties of Sprayed Aluminium Alloy Coatings
Authors: Horlock A.J. , Dent A.H. , Mccartney D.G. , Harris S.J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dilute aluminium alloys with additions of tin and indium when deposited by thermal spraying no longer behave as barrier coatings but demonstrate sacrificial corrosion properties when they exist on corrodible substrates. The degree to which the sacrificial attack occurs depends upon the spraying conditions and the tin or indium contents of the coating. The form in which the tin and/or indium exists in these coatings has not been specified but both elements are known to be sparingly soluble in aluminium. A series of experiments have been carried out using Al-12wt%Sn alloy powder as a feedstock for high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying on to a steel substrate. The as-sprayed coatings were highly reactive in distilled water and dissolved in a few minutes. Heat-treatment of the coatings at 450°C for increasing amounts of time up to 20 hours reduced the reactivity to water but did not influence the corrosion rate in 0.1M NaCl solution. SEM/TEM observations on the coating provided evidence of the coarsening of tin particles from 15nm (as sprayed) to 0.5-2µm (as heat-treated). A second alloy with a copper addition i.e. Al-12wt%Sn-1wt%Cu was also sprayed to form coatings. The copper addition prevented reaction in water but did not influence the high corrosion rate of the as-sprayed coating in 0.1M NaCl. Heat treatment at 450°C reduced the corrosion rate and allowed passive films to form over limited ranges of electrode potential. The size and distribution of the tin phase was different in the copper containing coatings and this influenced the corrosion rate.
Cored Wire Application Using Electric Arc Spray
Authors: Sampson E.R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The use of cored wires for thermal spraying is a relatively new development that is being rapidly utilized for arc spray in a wide variety of applications. This paper will discuss the existing applications and industries in which cored wire coatings are used. Additionally, this presentation will cover the effect cored wires have had on the use of other types of thermal spray equipment. The paper will close with a trend analysis that discusses the applications of the future.
Dc Plasma Sprayed Polymer Composite Coatings for Abrasion Resistant Protective Surfaces
Authors: Tufa K.Y. , Gitzhofer F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A high energy recovery of dc plasma torch has been developed and applied to the deposition of &gt;10 mm thick polymer composites for abrasion resistant protective surfaces. The injection of low cost fillers such as alumina or silica in the hot plasma zone can absorb a lot of energy and cool down the plasma whereas polymer powder is injected downstream in a much cooler zone. Indeed, the energy absorbed by the fillers can then be transferred inside the polymer matrix coating allowing an energy recovery mechanism. The result is a composite polymer/ceramic with the following benefits: The shrinking phenomena due to the polymer recrystallisation is eliminated allowing a good coating adhesion, a high polymer/filler throughput can be achieved and the risk of the in-flight polymer combustion is largely reduced. The fillers addition decreases the overall cost of the coating and the type of filler can influence the composite properties. Abrasion resistant composites have been produced with alumina fillers. Medium density polyethylene (MDPE) sprayed with 45 wt % reinforcement as tested on the modified ASTM G-65 apparatus has shown abrasion resistance as good as ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), which is one of the highest abrasion resistant polymer. In order to understand the abrasion resistance mechanisms, variables in the coating process such as: size of the fillers, polymer injection angles, polymer degradation and composite microstructure have been analyzed.
Slurry Erosion Resistance of Arc-Sprayed and Laser-Melted Coatings
Authors: Dallaire S. , Dube D. , Fiset M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Slurry-handling equipment and pipelines particularly used in coal processing and mining industries are continuously exposed to the Impact of liquid-borne solid particles, resulting in progressive damage and loss of material. Cost-effective solutions to slurry erosion in aqueous media have been mainly limited to austenitic stainless steels, although coatings have been proposed. This work was aimed at evaluating the slurry erosion resistance of arc-sprayed coatings and determining what improvement IS achieved after laser melting. Multiphase and Type 316 stainless steel arc-sprayed coatings were obtained by arc spraying in air solid and cored wires. The surface of arc-sprayed coatings was melted using a pulsed Nd-YAG laser producing 1.06 µm wavelength radiation. Arc-sprayed and laser-melted coatings were slurry erosion tested at impact angles of 25° and 90° in a laboratory slurry jet erosion device using quartz sand as erodent. The evaluation of wear damage was done with a laser profilometer. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to evaluate the microstructural changes which occurred after laser surface melting. Multiphase arc-sprayed coatings were more slurry erosion resistant than Type 316 stainless steel coatings. Improvement in slurry erosion resistance, particularly at the impact angle of 90°, was achieved by laser melting multiphase arc-sprayed coatings. Although deep microstructural changes occurred within coatings upon laser melting, the removal of stringers between sprayed platelets by laser melting was found responsible for the increase in slurry erosion resistance of multiphase laser-melted coatings.
Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Plasma Sprayed WC-Co-Ni Coatings
Authors: Hayashi H. , Haraguchi H. , Ito H. , Nakano O. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the microstructure and wear resistance of plasma sprayed WC-Co-Ni coatings. WC-Co-Ni composite powders were prepared by mixing of WC powder, Co powder and a Ni-P alloy powder, followed by sintering and crushing to improve the properties of plasma sprayed WC-Co coatings. In this study, their coatings were deposited by the atmospheric plasma spraying. The evaluation of their coatings were carried out by the observation of microstructure, measuring of microhardness values, adhesion strength values and an abrasive wear test. The abrasive wear resistance of the as-sprayed WC-Co-Ni coatings was comparable with that of WC-Co coatings deposited by HVOF spraying, and besides, the properties of the post-treated WC-Co-Ni coating were comparable with those of cemented carbides.
Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Carbide Coatings Sprayed with Various HVOF Spray Systems
Authors: Schwetzke R. , Kreye H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper reports a series of experiments with various HVOF spray systems (Jet Kote, Top Gun, Diamond Jet (DJ) Standard, DJ 2600 and 2700, JP-5000) using different types of WC-Co and WC-Co-Cr powders. The microstructure and phase composition of powders and coatings were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Carbon and oxygen content of the coatings were determined in order to study the decarburization and oxidation of the material during the spray process. Coatings were also characterized by their hardness, bond strength, abrasive wear and corrosion resistance. The results demonstrate that the powders exhibit various degrees of phase transformation during the spray process depending on the type of powder, the spray system and the spray parameters. Within a relatively wide range, the extend of phase transformations has only little effect on coating properties. Therefore coatings of high hardness and wear resistance can be produced with all HVOF spray systems when the proper spray powder and process parameters are chosen.
A Study on the Arc Spraying of 7Cr13 Cored Wire and Tribological Properties of the Composite Coating
Authors: Xu B. , Ma S. , Wang J. , Tan J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
For the purpose of getting high hardness and high wear-resistant coating by arc spraying technology, the arc spraying of 7Cr13 cored wire is adopted in this paper. The metallurgical process of the cored wire arc spraying is discussed. The bond strength, hardness and tribological properties of the composite coating are investigated.
Improvement of Wear Property of NbC/High Cr-High Ni Overlay Alloy Coating Formed by Plasma Transferred Arc Welding Process
Authors: Tomita T. , Okita K. , Taratani Y. , Harada Y. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study showing how isothermal aging affects the wear properties of Cr-Ni overlay alloy coatings with dispersed NbC particles. High Cr-high Ni coatings, with and without niobium carbides, were deposited on mild steel substrates via plasma transferred arc welding then age-hardened at temperatures from 773 to 1023 K. The precipitation behavior and wear properties of the coating samples were examined using Vickers hardness testing, SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, and Ohgoshi wear testing. The results showed that isothermal aging significantly improved the hardness and wear resistance of the NbC-dispersed alloy but had little effect on the NbC-free samples. The difference in precipitation behaviors is probably due to the presence of niobium atoms in the alloy matrix, resulting in a continuous precipitation of α' phase.
Cavitation Erosion Resistant Coatings Produced by Thermal Spraying and by Weld Cladding
Authors: Kreye H. , Schwetzke R. , Buschinelli A. , Boccanera L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The cavitation erosion of various hardfacing coatings was investigated by using a vibratory cavitation apparatus according to ASTM G 32. Coatings of austenitic stainless steel containing 10 % cobalt were applied by arc welding. High velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) was employed to produce coatings of various kinds of cermets and metallic alloys. For each coating, the steady state erosion rate was determined and the effect of process parameters and alloy composition on the microstructure and erosion rate was investigated. The morphology and microstructure of the coatings before and after cavitation testing were analysed by metallographic methods in order to study the erosion mechanism. It is demonstrated that the high resistance to cavitation erosion of the cobalt-alloyed steel can even further increase when the fluxed core arc welding process and an improved pulsed power source are used to produce the coatings. The erosion resistance of the HVOF coatings, however, was limited by pores, microcracks and oxides and did not significantly exceed the level typical for bulk stainless steel 316 L.
Wear Evaluation of Plasma Sprayed Oxide and Carbide Coatings
Authors: Ding C. , Li J. , Zhang L. , Yu X. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wear of plasma sprayed Cr2O3 TiO2, Cr3C2-NiCr and WC-Co coatings have been evaluated with a block-on-ring arrangement under dry and lubricated conditions. The results indicated that the wear of the coatings was interpreted in term of subsurface grain fracture which was related to the special microstructure of the coatings such as size, shape and distribution of pore as well as crack. Among the four kinds of coating, Cr2O3 coating possesses the lowest wear coefficient. Water accelerated cracking and fracturing and deteriorated the wear resistance of both Cr3C2-NiCr and TiO2 coatings. Ethanol reduced the wear of Cr3C2-NiCr coating, which was attributed to the formation of a smooth surface film mainly consisting of Cr2O3. Wear of Cr2O3, coating against an Al2O3 ball at high temperature has been also produced. The wear of Cr2O3 coating against Al2O3 ceramics decreased with increase in temperature and load. The reaction between Cr2O3 coating and Al2O3, ceramics at high temperature and the formation of a protective film consisting of Cr2O3, Al2O3 and SiO2 glass on the surface of Cr2O3 coating improved the wear resistance of Cr2O3 coating.