bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Mobile App-Based Training on Health Literacy among Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial study
Authors: Karamolahi Parisa Farzi , Khalesi Zahra Bostani , Niknami Maryam 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Health literacy of mothers during pregnancy shows social and cognitive skills indicating the motivation and ability of mothers to receive and use useful knowledge to maintain and promote the health of themselves and their children. The present study was conducted aimed to determine the effect of mobile app-based training on health literacy among pregnant women. Methods: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) study Among 500 eligible pregnant women who attended al-Zahra hospital (Rasht, Iran) between 2019 to 2020 years, was conducted on 140 pregnant women by random sampling method. They were divided into experimental and control groups. Data collection tools included personal information and maternal health literacy questionnaires. The questionnaires were completed and then a mobile app-based training intervention was performed for the experimental group. The participants of the experimental group were asked to read the contents of the software once a week for 8 weeks. The questionnaires were completed again after 8 weeks of the training intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, Fisher, Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and one-way analysis of variance was used for this purpose. Results: The subjects showed no statistically significant difference in terms of demographic-social information (p> 0.05). The mean change in health literacy scores after the intervention was statistically significant between the experimental and control groups (p <0.001). Also, the mean change in health literacy scores before and after the intervention in the experimental group was statistically significant (p <0.001). But this change in the control group was not statistically significant (p = 0.609).Conclusions: For the first time we used mobile app-based training and results showed that it is effective in the health literacy of pregnant women especially in situations like the Corona Virus pandemic. Therefore, it is suggested that health care providers, especially midwives, use this training method to promote the health literacy of pregnant women.Trial registrationThis paper is taken from the master thesis student of midwifery training with ethics code IR.GUMS.REC.1397.490. This is a RCT study (clinical trial code IRCT20180707040364N1: https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20180707040364N1- 2019-03-27).
The value of routine screening for cognitive impairment in a primary care setting: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Qiu Hailin , Chang Janis , Chang Chih-Peng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND

Cognitive impairment is not uncommon among older individuals but is often underdiagnosed in the primary care settings. Our objective is to identify the prevalence of varying degrees of cognitive impairment in older adults in urban primary care clinics.
METHODS

This cross-sectional study was undertaken from May to July 2019. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was administered to participants 65-year and older who were seen during a routine visit to our primary care clinic. The participants were recruited on a sequential basis. The primary outcomes of the study were the MoCA scores, and the level of cognitive impairment, if any, indicated by the scores.
RESULTS

Out of the 133 participants, 46 (34.6%) scored below the cut-off of 23 out of 30, indicating certain level of cognitive impairment. The mean MoCA score was 23.24. The average age was 75.19 years. Average years of education was 12.6. In our cohort, higher MoCA scores were associated with increased years of education. MoCA scores were not inversely correlated with age. Language proficiency in the MoCA test version administered had significant impact on the MoCA scores.
CONCLUSIONS

A relatively high prevalence of cognitive impairment was found in our cohort. Further study is required to accurately assess the prevalence of cognitive impairment in general population. However, the findings attest the value of routine screening for cognitive impairment in primary care settings and warrant routine screening of older individuals to help in early detection of mild cognitive impairment.
Path to Diversity and to Resistant Uniformity: Intracellular Adaptation to Nutrient Environment
Authors: Korogodina Victoria 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two adaptation strategies are known, which provide variability and resistance of population. We study the laws of adaptation by the example of proteins and changes in their conformations. The data were obtained in the experiments of V.I. Korogodin on yeast cells with mutations, which have demonstrated the effect of the culture medium on the appearance frequency of pseudo-wild type cells. Here, these archived and published data are analyzed by the statistical approach. Statistical analysis shows the emergence of a sequence of independent foci of the pseudo-wild cells induced by intracellular factor and their association with the cytosolic and nuclear-mitochondrial oxidative pathways; the foci dispersions conform the regularities of the folding energy landscape; intracellular imbalances and gene mutations affect their frequency and diversity. We conclude that the paths from diversity to uniformity of protein conformations obeys the laws of the energy landscape. The nuclear-mitochondrial machinery generates new proteins and their homogeneous foci. Variable foci consist mainly of the former conformations remodeled under ROS from several cytosolic sources. Strong gene expression induces oxidative stress, which increases the frequency of homogeneous conformations and reduces variability. Further, stress activates a new focus of new homogeneous conformations.
On-chip Reconfigurable Optical Neural Networks
Authors: Zhao Xianmeng , Lv Haibin , Chen Cheng , Tang Shenjie , Liu Xiaoping , Qi Qin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Implementing artificial neural networks on integrated platforms has generated significant interest in recent years. Several architectures for on-chip optical networks with basic functionalities have been successfully demonstrated, for example, optical spiking neurosynaptic, photonic convolution accelerator, and nanophotonic/electronic hybrid deep neuron networks. In this work, we propose a layered coherent silicon-on-insulator diffractive optical neural network, of which the inter-layer phase delay can be actively tuned. By forming a close-loop with control electronics, we further demonstrate that our fabricated on-chip neural network can be trained in-situ and consequently reconfigured to perform various tasks, including full adder operation and vowel recognition, while achieving almost the same accuracy as networks trained on conventional computers. Our results show that the proposed optical neural network could potentially pave the way for future optical artificial intelligence hardware.
Controllable Engineering and Functionalizing Nanoparticles with Specific Targeting Capability
Authors: Guo Zhanchen , Xing Rongrong , Liu Zhen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to unique properties, nanoparticles been widely used in important biomedical applications such as imaging, drug delivery and disease therapy. Targeting toward specific proteins is essential for the effective utilization of nanoparticles. However, current targeting strategies mainly rely on surface modification with bio-ligands, which often not only fail to provide desired properties but also remain challenging. Here we report an unprecedented approach, called reverse microemulsion-confined epitope-oriented surface imprinting and cladding (ROSIC), for facile, versatile and controllable engineering coreless and core/shell nanoparticles with tunable monodispersed size as well as specific targeting capability towards proteins and peptides. Via engineering coreless imprinted and cladded silica nanoparticles, the effectiveness and superiority over conventional imprinting of the proposed approach was first verified. The prepared nanoparticles exhibited both high specificity and high affinity. Using quantum dots (QDs), superparamagnetic nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and upconverting nanoparticles as a representative set of core substrates, a variety of dual-functional single-core/shell nanoparticles were then successfully prepared. Finally, selective fluorescence imaging of triple negative breast cancer cells over other breast cancer cell lines using QD-cored nanoparticles was achieved, which well demonstrated the potential of the prepared core/shell nanoparticles in biomedical applications. Thus, this approach opened a new avenue to engineering and functionalization of advanced nanoparticles with targeting capability, holding great prospects in biomedical applications.
MicroRNA-224 Promotes Cell Migration and Invasion by Targeting HOXA5 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yuwu , Lin Chen , Wang Dongmei , Wen Sailan , Wang Junpu , Chen Zhihong , Du Jing , Ning Chao , Feng Deyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of multiple cellular pathways and play a key role in the development and progression of tumor. Multiple studies have shown that abnormal expression of miRNAs has close relation with the incidence of HCC, but the mechanism of miRNAs in HCC still needs further research. Here, we investigated the mechanism of miR-224 in the invasion and metastasis of liver cancer.
Methods
We employed real-time quantitative PCR to detect the expression of miR-224 and ADAM17 and HOXA5 in HCC tissues. The expression level of HOXA5 in liver cancer tissues was further verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Real time PCR and Western bloting were used to detect the expression changes of ADAM17 and HOXA5 caused by overexpression or silencing of miR-224.Dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated a direct association between miR-224 and its target gene ADAM17 and HOXA5. The migration and invasion experiment, MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the changes of the biology function of HCC cell after overexpression or silencing of miR-224.
Results
The data showed that miR-224 and ADAM17 were significantly up-regulated and HOXA5 was significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues. The targeted regulatory relationship between miR-224 and its target genes ADAM17 and HOXA5 was also demonstrated. More importantly, we found that miR-224 positively regulates cell migration and invasion in HCC, miR-224 overexpression can promote the migration and invasion of BEL-7402 cell, and miR-224 silencing can suppress the migration and invasion of BEL-7402 cell. MiR-224 overexpression can result in the redistribution of cell cycle, the cell percentage of S phase was increased significantly, the cell percentage of G1 phase was decreased significantly, and there is no noticeable change for the cell percentage of G2 phase.
Conclusions
These results demonstrated that miR-224 may be exert the function of oncogenes in a particular link of cancer cell growth, it will become a promising biological target in the treatment strategy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Late Holocene Vegetation and Environmental Changes of Coastal Lowlands in Northern Iran: Possible Role of Climate, Human Impact and Caspian Sea Level Fluctuations
Authors: Gu Fang , Alizadeh Kamaleddin , Behling Hermann 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Coastal forests and wetlands play an important role in supporting biological diversity, protecting the hinterlands and shorelines along the continental margins from erosion, as well as for contributing to carbon and freshwater storage. To reconstruct late Holocene vegetation and environmental dynamics in the coastal lowlands in northern Iran and detect the possible role of climate, human impact and Caspian Sea (CS) level fluctuation on coastal ecosystems, a multi-proxy analysis including pollen, spores, non-pollen palynomorphs, macro-charcoal and X-ray fluorescence analysis, have been applied on the radiocarbon dated sediment cores from the Eynak (EYK) lagoon further inland and Bibi Heybat (BBH) alder swamp near the coast. Open wetlands covered relatively large areas since the recorded period (1450 cal yr BP). At BBH larger areas of open vegetation occurred and alder forests covered only small areas that expanded during the late Little Ice Age (1650-1850 AD) and were most abundant during the last about 100 years. Further inland at EYK, areas of alder and mixed broad-leaved Hyrcanian forest were larger. Alder forest in general expanded since 600 cal yr BP. In the last 170 years, alder forest areas and wetlands declined strongly, due to deforestation and strong human activities. The intensity of human impact, climatic fluctuations and changes in CS level were the most important factors controlling the dynamics of the northern Iranian coastal vegetation.
Assessment of the Combined Use of Basic Oxygen Furnace Sludge and Hydrogen Peroxide in the Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage
Authors: Araujo Sandrine F. , Caldeira Cláudia L. , Ciminelli Virgínia S.T. , Borba Ricardo P. , Rodrigues Joanna P. , Simões Gustavo F. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We recently demonstrated the use of basic oxygen furnace sludge (BOFS) to remove arsenic and sulfate from acidic solutions, which was found to be an interesting alternative for the reuse of steel waste. In this study, four systems were evaluated to determine whether BOFS is stable in acidic solutions and capable of removing As, Mn, and sulfate from acid mine drainage (AMD). In the S1 system (BOFS/DEIONIZED WATER pH 2.5), the stability of the residue was evaluated by placing the BOFS in deionized water acidified with H2SO4 until the pH reached 2.5. This system was maintained for 408 h under agitation to evaluate the possible solubilization of metals present in the BOFS. The results showed that only Ca and Mg were solubilized, and the pH increased from 2.5 to 12 after 408 h. The S3 system (BOFS/AMD) evaluated the metal removal capacity by BOFS and achieved 100% removal of As and Mn and 70% removal of sulfate after 648 h. In the first 30 min, the pH increased from 2.5 to 9.0, which was maintained until the end of the experiment. Simultaneously, S4 and S5 systems (BOFS/AMD / H2O2) were also evaluated using the oxidizing agent H2O2 (29% w/w) in the following proportions: 0.5 mM in S4 and 1 mM in S5. The removal of As, Mn, and sulfate in these systems was similar to that in the S3 system, which contained only BOFS. The results demonstrated that the formation of iron oxides was not accelerated by H2O2 and that iron, which is present in high concentrations in BOFS, was not the primary agent influencing metal removal from AMD.
An unusual autopsy case in which the consumption of organophosphate insecticide was not the direct cause of death
Authors: Nara Akina , Yamada Chiho , Suyama Manami , Kozakai Yu , Yoshida Masaki , Iwahara Kaori , Takagi Tetsuya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In acute poisoning cases involving the ingestion of organophosphate insecticides such as fenitrothion and malathion, serum cholinesterase (ChE) activity is remarkably decreased, thus representing a useful indicator of the direct cause of death. In the present case, a man in his early 70s tried to committed suicide via the oral ingestion of both fenitrothion and malathion. Fenitrothion and malathion concentrations in cardiac blood were 2.63–2.98 and 0.31–0.58 µg/mL, respectively. However, the serum ChE level was 200 IU/L, which was not considerably lower than the normal range in males (242–495 IU/L). Conversely, we confirmed a positive reaction for Streptococcus pneumoniae using a urinary antigen detection kit. Moreover, histopathological analysis of both the left and right lungs revealed extensive inflammatory cell infiltration into the alveolar space. The autopsy and histopathological findings indicated that the direct cause of death was severe bacterial pneumonia caused by the infection of S. pneumoniae. This is an unusual autopsy case in which the oral ingestion of both fenitrothion and malathion was not the direct cause of the death, and might have rapidly exacerbated respiratory decline.
Potato Value Chain Analysis: the Case of Lemo Woreda, Hadiyya Zone
Authors: Daniso Chaimiso Demisse , Senbeta Mebratu Alemu , Abile Mesfin Melese 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Even, in the study area potato is very important for food security there is a gap in the potato value chain analysis. Therefore this study has attempted to identify potato value chain analysis in Lemo woreda of Hadya zone southern Ethiopia. In this study, both quantitative and qualitative data types were employed. Data were obtained from a sample of 202 producers, 37 traders (6 Wholesaler, 8 Collector, 4 Processor, and 19 Retailer), and 24 consumers by using semi-structured questionnaires. To take sample from the actor both probability and non-probability sampling techniques’ were used. For data analysis, descriptive statistics was employed. The result shows that the main potato value chain actors were input suppliers, producers’, wholesalers, collectors’, retailers, processors, and consumers. And Supporting actors were cooperative, banks, universities, Ethio-telecom, research institutions, NGOs, and government offices. Potato value chain opportunity and constraints were identified at the producer, trader, and consumer stages. Performances analysis in the value chain shows that, the highest share of profit, cost, and the market margin was shared to the producer which accounts for 43.01%, 33.55%, and 39.07% of share respectively. Based on the findings of the study, I recommend that the government and concerned stakeholders should focus on promoting improved potato seed, encouraging education, promoting farmers’ cooperatives, empowering females, strengthening rural-urban infrastructure, and protecting informal labor trading.
LXR nuclear receptors prompt a pro-inflammatory gene and functional profile in human macrophages
Authors: Aleja1 Arturo González de la , Torres-Torresano Mónica , Rosa Juan Vladimir de la , Alonso Barbara , Capa-Sardón Enrique , Puig-Kroger Amaya , Vega Miguel A , Castrillo Antonio , Corbi Angel L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Liver X Receptors (LXR) control cholesterol metabolism and exert anti-inflammatory actions in activated macrophages. However, their contribution to human macrophage polarization in the absence of pathogenic stimuli remains unclear. In fact, the LXR pathway has been reported to be significantly enriched in pro-inflammatory synovial macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis patients as well as in immunosuppressive tumors-associated macrophages from human metastatic colon tumors. To determine the role of LXR on macrophage differentiation and polarization, we have analyzed the contribution of LXR to the acquisition of the inflammatory and T-cell-activating functions of human monocyte-derived macrophages. We now report that LXR activation prompts the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory gene signature in human macrophages, whereas LXR inactivation results in enrichment of an anti-inflammatory gene profile. Accordingly, activation and inhibition of LXR oppositely alter the production of cytokines (e.g., TNF, IL1b, CCL17, CCL19, IFNb1) and T cell stimulation activities associated to human macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, the LXR-stimulated macrophage polarization shift relies on their ability to modulate the expression of MAFB and MAF, which govern the acquisition of the macrophage anti-inflammatory profile. The pathological significance of the LXR-mediated macrophage polarization shift was demonstrated by the ability of LXR agonists to modulate macrophage polarization promoted by either tumor-derived ascitic fluids or by synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis patients. As a whole, our results demonstrate that LXR activation prompts the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory transcriptional and functional specialization in human macrophages .
Abnormal Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity in Neurologically Asymptomatic Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Xue Yan , Wu Zhuanzhuan , Li Shuyan , Li Bo , Sun Gang , Liu Kai , Jia Fengyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the alterations in interhemispheric functional connectivity in neurologically asymptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) algorithm. Methods: The rs-fMRI data were acquired from 40 neurologically asymptomatic patients with ESRD and 34 matched healthy control (HC) subjects. All subjects underwent neuropsychological tests, and patients with ESRD underwent laboratory tests. Intergroup VMHC differences in the voxel manner were analyzed. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between VMHC values and clinical variables in patients with ESRD. We further performed a receptive operation characteristic (ROC) analysis to confirm the sensitivity and specificity of our results.Results: Compared with HCs, patients with ESRD exhibited significantly decreased VMHC values in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), superior temporal gyrus (STG), insula, precentral gyrus (PreCG), middle occipital gyrus (MOG), and calcarine/lingual/cuneus. Patients with ESRD did not exhibit increased VMHC values in any brain regions compared with HCs. Furthermore, the VMHC value of MOG was positively correlated with hemoglobin levels in patients with ESRD.Conclusions: The results revealed that the impairment of interhemispheric coordination in patients with ESRD, which provided preliminary evidence of VMHC as a potential biomarker of patients with ESRD.
Identification of Molecular and Immune Prognostic Classifiers of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zhou Fang , Chen Baoan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous hematological malignancy and relapse is the main reason for the poor therapeutic effect and low survival rate. Bioinformatic technology could screen out relative genes that promote the recurrence of AML, providing a theoretical basis for further improving the precision stratification treatment of AML.
Methods

In this study, gene expression profiles of Dataset Acute Myeloid Leukemia (OHSU, Nature 2018) and GSE134589 were downloaded from cbioportal and GEO, respectively. R software and limma packages were used to identify the DEGs and then run GO enrichment, KEGG pathway, and PPI network. CIBERSORTx was used to enumerate tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Prognosis-related genes were selected by Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and the expression of them were verified by GEPIA. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis could compare the survival time. ROC curve analysis was performed to predict the value of the selected genes.
Results

Functional analysis showed that the up-regulated DEGs were strikingly enriched in Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and positive regulation of cytokine production, and the down-regulated DEGs in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion, TNF signaling pathway. CIBERSORTx analysis revealed that the immune response of AML acted as an intricate network and proceeded in a tightly regulated way. Cox analysis showed that ALDH1L2, KLK1, and LRRN2 were correlated with AML prognosis.
Conclusions

ALDH1L2, KLK1, and LRRN2 are prognosis-related genes in AML, which may together with some immune pathways, induce poor prognosis, and can be used as potential biomarkers in AML treatment.