bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of an Interventional Program on Improving Compliance of Hand Hygiene and Reducing Hospital-Acquired Infection in the Critical Care Unit
Authors: Gutierrez Jeneth , Alloubani Aladeen , Alzaatreh Mohammad , Mari Mohammad , Akhu-Zaheya Laila 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
This study aimed to determine the effect of a hand hygiene (HH) and awareness campaign on knowledge and compliance with HH practices among health-care workers working staff in the main intensive care units and also to evaluate the rates of hospital-acquired infection (HAI) before and after the intervention.

Methods:
A prospective, interventional, pre–post design was utilized and carried out in three phases: the first stage was a 1-month preintervention stage to develop the foundation of the compliance rate of handwashing; the second stage was the interventional handwashing campaign; the third stage was the postintervention stage to improve the compliance rate of handwashing. Two instruments were used in this study: the HH Knowledge Questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization to assess HH knowledge and the Handwashing Questionnaire developed to evaluate HH washing.

Results:
HH knowledge has been increased from preintervention (M = 11.84, standard deviation [SD] = 2.41) to postintervention (M = 18.80, SD = 2.93), and the effective compliance with HH practice was as low as 49% in June 2017 to 75% in February 2018. In addition, the HAI rate was dropped from 13.2% in June 2017 to 9% in February 2018. An inverse association was recognized between HH compliance and HAI rates.

Conclusions:
These results recommend that reasonable approaches can decrease the HAI rate of intensive care units. A nationwide handwashing interventional program can be employed in all hospitals.
Efficacy of ondansetron and palonosetron in prevention of shivering under spinal anesthesia
Authors: Sharma Manoj K , Mishra Deepak , Goel Nitin 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims:
Postanesthesia shivering (PAS) is a common, distressing experience. Ondansetron, the classical 5HT3 antagonist has been in use for its prevention since long. Palonosetron, a newly introduced potent antiemetic drug with better pharmacodynamics is currently in use by clinicians. Hence, a study was conducted to compare the efficacy of ondansetron and palonosetron in preventing PAS in patients undergoing elective lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) under spinal anaesthesia.

Material and Methods:
A total of 84 patients scheduled for elective LSCS under spinal anesthesia were randomly allocated to one of the two study groups (Group O & P). Accordingly, 8 mg of ondansetron or 0.075 mg palonosetron was administered in the same volume intravenously 30 min preoperatively. Sublingual temperature was recorded regularly. All patients were observed for 90 min postspinal for PAS. Observations were analyzed statiscally.

Results:
No statistically significant intergroup difference was observed in the duration of surgery, and sublingual temperature. However, statistically significant difference was recorded for PAS (23.8% in ondansetron group, 9.5% in palonosetron group).

Conclusion:
Prophylactic administration of palonosetron significantly reduced incidence of PAS compared to ondansetron. However, further studies with larger sample size and more heterogeneous groups are suggested.
Effect of large volume paracentesis performed just prior to transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on the anesthetic management during the procedure
Authors: Li Hanzhou , Sun Zhuo , Odo Nadine , Keshavamurthy Jayanth H. , Agarwal Shvetank 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims:
Patients often undergo paracentesis prior to a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure to improve respiratory mechanics. However, the effect of large volume paracentesis (LVP) on intraoperative hemodynamics and anesthetic management when it is performed immediately before the TIPS procedure is not well documented.

Material and Methods:
This is a retrospective study in patients undergoing the TIPS procedure between 2004 and 2017. Patients were divided into two groups based on the volume of preoperative paracentesis, namely, small volume paracentesis (SVP), defined as paracentesis volume less than 5 L and LVP, defined as paracentesis volume of at least 5 L. Patients' demographics and perioperative information were collected through chart review. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test, student's t-test, and Fisher's exact test were used when appropriate. Uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to determine the predictive value of paracentesis volume in relation to intraoperative hemodynamics and management of hypotension.

Results:
Of 49 patients, 19 (39%) received LVP and the remainder received SVP. Baseline demographics were comparable between groups as were intraoperative hypotension and volume of infused crystalloid and colloid. However, vasopressor use (P = 0.02) and packed red blood cell transfusion (P = 0.01) were significantly higher in the large volume group. Paracentesis volume was an independent predictor of the phenylephrine dose (P = 0.0004), and of crystalloid (P = 0.05) and colloid (P = 0.009) volume administered after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, alcohol use, hemoglobin, and model for end-stage liver disease score.

Conclusion:
The anesthetic management of patients who undergo LVP just prior to a TIPS procedure may require larger doses of vasopressors and colloids to prevent intraoperative hemodynamic instability during the TIPS placement but may be as well tolerated as SVP.
High-volume, multilevel local anesthetics–Epinephrine infiltration in kyphoscoliosis surgery
Authors: Mazy Alaa , Serry Mohamed , Kassem Mohamed 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims:
Local anesthetic (LA) infiltration is one of the analgesic techniques employed during scoliosis correction surgery. However, its efficacy is controversial. In the present study for optimizing analgesia using the infiltration technique, we proposed two modifications; first is the preemptive use of high volume infiltration, second is applying three anatomical multilevel infiltrations involving the sensory, motor, and sympathetic innervations consecutively.

Material and Methods:
This prospective study involved 48 patients randomized into two groups. After general anesthesia (GA), the infiltration group (I) received bupivacaine 0.5% 2 mg/kg, lidocaine 5 mg/kg, and epinephrine 5 mcg/mL of the total volume (100 mL per 10 cm of the wound length) as a preemptive infiltration at three levels; subcutaneous, intramuscular, and the deep neural paravertebral levels, timed before skin incision, muscular dissection, and instrumentation consecutively. The control group (C) received normal saline in the same manner. Data were compared by Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and t-test as suitable.

Results:
Intraoperatively, the LA infiltration reduced fentanyl, atracurium, isoflurane, nitroglycerine, and propofol consumption. Postoperatively, there was a 41% reduction in morphine consumption, longer time to the first analgesic request, lower VAS, early ambulation, and hospital discharge with high-patient satisfaction.

Conclusion:
The preemptive, high-volume, multilevel infiltration provided a significant intra and postoperative analgesia in scoliosis surgery.
Comparative evaluation of transsacrococcygeal and transcoccygeal approach of ganglion impar block for management of coccygodynia
Authors: Malhotra Naveen , Goyal Sudeep , Kumar Amit , Kanika  , Singla Vishal , Kundu Zile Singh 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims:
Coccygodynia or Coccydynia is pain in the area of coccyx and ganglion impar block is commonly used technique for treatment of coccygodynia.

Material and Methods:
Forty patients of either sex in the age group of 20-70 years suffering from coccygodynia, who failed to respond to six weeks of conservative treatment were enrolled in the study. All patients were subjected to detailed clinical history, examination in the Pain Management Centre (Pain Clinic) of our Institute and imaging studies were reviewed. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 20 each by a computer generated randomization number table: Group-TS (n = 20): Patients were administered ganglion Impar block by trans-sacrococcygeal approach Group-TC (n = 20): Patients were administered ganglion Impar block by trans-coccygeal approach with 8 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine plus 2 ml of 40mg/ml methylprednisolone acetate under fluoroscopic guidance.

Results:
Both the techniques of ganglion Impar block were effective and provided good pain relief to the patients with coccygodynia. There was a statistically and clinically significant improvement in pain score after ganglion Impar block in both the groups at all time intervals during the study period. (p < 0.05). The mean pain score after ganglion Impar block was <2 at all time intervals throughout the three month study period in all patients in the two groups. All patients in both the groups had excellent satisfaction immediately after ganglion Impar block. Five patients each in both groups required second ganglion Impar block during the three months study period.

Conclusion:
Both trans-sacrococcygeal and trans-coccygeal approaches of ganglion Impar block with a combination of local anaesthetic and steroid are safe and effective for management of coccygodynia. Trans-coccygeal ganglion Impar block through the first intra-coccygeal joint is better in terms of improvement in pain score, functional disability, patient satisfaction and ease of administration.
Airway management using LMA-evaluation of three insertional techniques-a prospective randomised study
Authors: Shyam T. , Selvaraj Venkatesh 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims:
Laryngeal Mask Airway [LMA] insertion has become as a basic procedural skill needed for all health care providers. Search for the most successful insertion technique continues. We evaluated the success rate of the three LMA insertion techniques- standard, 90 degree rotational and 180 degree rotational technique.

Material and Methods:
A total of 180 patients of ASA I-II aged 18-65 years undergoing open superficial surgical procedures with (LMA® Unique™ Airway, Teleflex®, Teleflex Medical Europe Ltd, Ireland) as an airway management device and with neuromuscular blocking agents, were randomly allocated to three groups, in this prospective randomized study. In the standard technique group (n = 60), the LMA was inserted by standard digital intraoral method. In the 90 degree rotational technique group (n = 60), the LMA was rotated counter-clockwise through 90 degree in the mouth and advanced until the resistance of the hypopharynx was felt, and then straightened out in the hypopharynx. In 180 degree rotational technique, LMA was inserted back-to-front, like a Guedel airway. The parameters studied were: the LMA placement success at first attempt, insertion time, need for more than one attempt at insertion, need for external airway manipulations, postoperative sore throat, blood staining and other post-operative (airway related) complications.

Results:
The first attempt success rate in the standard technique was 83.9%, in 90 degree rotational technique was 75% and 180 degree rotational was 93.5%. The first attempt success rate was higher in 180 degree rotational group compared to 90 degree rotational group (P < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) between 90 degree rotational group and the standard technique group. There was no statistically significant difference among the two groups in terms of the secondary outcomes.

Conclusion:
We conclude that 180 degree rotational technique of LMA insertion is more successful than 90 degree rotational technique in adult patients under general anaesthesia.
COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on peer review speed of anesthesiology journals
Authors: Behera Bikram Kishore , Radhakrishnan Rakesh Vadakkethil , Mohanty Chitta Ranjan , Bellapukonda Snigdha 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims:
Publication of a scientific article in a reputed journal is an uphill task that demands a significant amount of time and effort from the author and editorial team. It is a matter of great enthusiasm for all prospective researchers to know whether this daily evolving publication load of articles during this pandemic had changed the journal's inherent peer review or publication process. We aimed to compare the peer review speed of anesthesiology journal articles published during pandemic (2020) to the previous year and to analyze various factors affecting peer review speed.

Material and Methods:
Overall, 16 anesthesiology journals indexed in MEDLINE database were retrospectively analyzed. A set of 24 articles published in 2019 of the included journals were selected from each journal for control and a set of 12 articles published between January to September 2020 was selected for comparison. Time taken for acceptance and publication from the time of submission was noted. Peer review timing was calculated and its relationship with h-index, continent of journal origin and article processing charges were evaluated.

Results:
The median peer review time in 2019 and 2020 were 116 (108-125) days and 79 (65-105.5) days, respectively. There was a 31.8% decrease (P = 0.0021) in peer review time of all articles in 2020 compared to 2019. The median peer review timings of COVID-19 articles were 35 (22-42.5) days. A 55.6% decrease was noted in peer review time of COVID-19 articles compared to non-COVID-19 articles in 2020. There was a significant correlation between peer review time and h-index (r = 0.558, P = 0.024). There was no significant difference in peer review timing of journals with or without article processing charge (P = 0.75) and between journals from different continents (P = 0.56).

Conclusion:
Anesthesiology journals managed to curtail their turnaround time for peer review during the pandemic compared to previous year. Journal with higher h-index had longer peer review time. The option for articles processing charge and continent of publishing journal had no impact on peer review speed.
Therapeutic Response of Patients with Progressive Macular Hypomelanosis to Narrowband Ultraviolet B Phototherapy at Dermatology Department, Tripoli Central Hospital, Tripoli, Libya (2008–2018)
Authors: El-Megei Halima Arebi , El-Houni Nadia Omar , Ezeddin Somaia Saleh 
Published: April 2021

Background/Aim:
Progressive macular hypomelanosis (PMH) is a common skin disorder, predominantly affected young adults, especially women. The aim of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic response of this skin disease to narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy.

Methods:
A case series study of a total of 100 patients with PMH who were treated in the Phototherapy Unit at Tripoli Central Hospital in the period between January 2008 and December 2018.

Results:
Out of 100 patients, 82% were female and 18% were male with the mean age of 24.45 ± 4 years. NB-UVB therapy was given three times a week starting with 0.2 J/cm2, with 20% dose increment every session. The maximum cumulative dose was 65.13 J/cm2 with a mean cumulative dose of 20.48 ± 15 J/cm2. The maximum number of sessions was 36 sessions. A satisfactory response was achieved without any complications in most of the patients (89%) after a mean of 17.21 ± 7.2 treatments.

Conclusion:
PMH occurs mainly in adolescence and young adults with female predominance mainly with skin types IV and V. NB-UVB phototherapy seems to be effective, well-tolerated, safe, and easily administered treatment for progressive PMH.
PERSEPSI KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI SISTEM ADMINISTRASI MANUNGGAL SATU ATAP KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Andayani Asti , Ichrisa Pujiyanti Nur 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis tingkat kinerja pelayanan SAMSAT Kabupaten Bogor terhadap kepuasan masyarakat, kemudian mengetahui tingkat harapan pelayanan SAMSAT Kabupaten Bogor berdasarkan pendapat masyarakat, dan yang terakhir adalahh mengetahui tingkat kesenjangan antara kinerja dan harapan terhadap pelayanan SAMSAT Kabupaten Bogor. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah para wajib pajak di SAMSAT Kabupaten Bogor dengan jumlah sempel sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan survey dan kuesioner, sedangkan untuk analisis data menggunakan bantuan Software Microsoft Excel 2007 dan SPSS versi 22 untuk menguji yaitu, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, Service Quality (SQ), Customers Satisfaction Index (CSI), dan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA).Hasil Penelitian menunjukan nilai indeks kepuasan masyarakat terhadap kualitas pelayanan di SAMSAT Kabupaten Bogor saat ini sebesar 81,50% yang berarti konsumen cukup puas dengan pelayanan di Kabupaten Bogor namun dirasa belum maksimal secara keseluruhan, adapun harapan yang terpenting bagi masyarakat ada pada kebersihan dan keamanan lingkungan sementara yang rendah ada pada kedisiplinan petugas sehingga ketiga faktor itu harus ditingkatkan serta diperbaiki, dan terakhir pada seluruh indikator kualitas pelayanan mendapatkan gap negatif.
Long non-coding RNA PVT1 regulates the proliferation
and metastasis of human breast cancer via the
Wnt/b-catenin signalling pathway
Authors: Zhang Nianqu , Li Qing , Sun Shanmei 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionThe development of many human diseases has been implicated to be coupled by the dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).
Considering this, the current study was aimed at identifying and then investigating the molecular role of a specific lncRNA from a set of such genetic
elements in regulating the developmental aspects of human breast cancer.Material and methodsThe quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
(qRT-PCR) method was used to deduce the gene expression levels. Proliferation of cancer cells was determined by the cell counting kit 8 (CCK8). The
evaluation of apoptotic cell death in breast cancer cells was made through
the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) and annexin V-FITC staining
protocols. Transwell assays were used to monitor cell migration and invasion.ResultsEstimation of gene expression levels of a set of lncRNAs showed
that lncRNA PVT1 is specifically overexpressed in the breast cancer tissues
and cell lines. The downregulation of PVT1 in cancer cells negatively affected
their proliferation rates, and cancer cells exhibited significantly lower viabilities due to induction of Bax/Bcl-2 signal arbitrated apoptotic cell death in
the cancer cells. Moreover, the cancer cells showed significantly lower rates
of migration and invasion when lncRNA PVT1 was repressed. The PVT1 repression-driven anti-cancer effects against the cancer cells were seen to be
modulated through the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.ConclusionsThe results of this work are indicative of the prognostic role of
lncRNA PVT1 in breast cancer. Also, the molecular targeting of PVT1 might
prove to be a vital step against the progression of human breast cancer.
Prediction of Prognosis and Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer by Weighted Improved Random Forest Model
Authors: Xu Cheng , Wang Jing , Zheng TianLong , Cao Yue , Ye Fan 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionIt’s very necessary to predict the survival status of patients based on their prognosis. This can assist physicians in evaluating treatment decisions. Random Forest is an excellent machine learning algorithm even without any modification. We propose a new Random Forest weighting method and apply it to the gastric cancer patient data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, and then evaluated the generalization ability of this weighted Random Forest algorithm on 10 public medical datasets. Furthermore, for the same weighting mode, the difference between using out-of-bag (OOB) data and all training sets as the weighting basis is explored.Material and methods110697 cases of gastric cancer patients diagnosed between 1975 and 2016 obtained from the SEER database were contained in the experiment. In addition, 10 public medical datasets are used for the generalization ability evaluation of this weighted Random Forest algorithm.ResultsThrough experimental verification, on the SEER gastric cancer patient data, the weighted Random Forest algorithm improves the accuracy by 0.79% compared with the original Random Forest. In AUC, Macro-averaging increased by 2.32% and Micro-averaging increased by 0.51% on average. Among the 10 public datasets, the Random Forest weighted in accuracy has the best performance on 6 datasets, with an average increase of 1.44% in accuracy and an average increase of 1.2% in AUC.ConclusionsCompared with the original Random Forest, the weighted Random Forest model has a significant improvement in performance, and the effect of using all training data as the weighting basis is better than using OOB data.
iRGD‐Liposomes Enhance Tumor Delivery and Therapeutic Efficacy of Antisense Oligonucleotide Drugs against Primary Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastasis
Authors: Guan Jibin , Guo Hong , Tang Tang , Wang Yihan , Wei Yushuang , Seth Punit , Li Yingming , Dehm Scott M. , Ruoslahti Erkki , Pang Hong‐Bo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNucleotide‐based drugs, such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), have unique advantages in treating human diseases as they provide virtually unlimited ability to target any gene. However, their clinical translation faces many challenges, one of which is poor delivery to the target tissue in vivo. This problem is particularly evident in solid tumors. Here, liposomes are functionalized with a tumor‐homing and ‐penetrating peptide, iRGD, as a carrier of an ASO against androgen receptor (AR) for prostate cancer treatment. The iRGD‐liposomes exhibit a high loading efficiency of AR‐ASO, and an efficient knockdown of AR gene products is achieved in vitro, including AR splice variants. In vivo, iRGD‐liposomes significantly increase AR‐ASO accumulation in the tumor tissue and decrease AR expression relative to free ASOs in prostate tumors established as subcutaneous xenografts. Similar results are obtained with intra‐tibial xenografts modeling metastasis to bones, the predominant site of metastasis for prostate cancer. In treatment studies, iRGD‐liposomes markedly improve the AR‐ASO efficacy in suppressing the growth of both subcutaneous xenografts and intra‐tibial xenografts. The inhibitory effect on tumor growth is also significantly prolonged by the delivery of the AR‐ASO in the iRGD‐liposomes. Meanwhile, iRGD‐liposomes does not increase ASO accumulation or toxicity in healthy organs. Overall, a delivery system that can significantly increase ASO accumulation and efficacy in solid tumors is provided here. These benefits are achieved without significant side effects, providing a way to increase the antitumor efficacy of ASOs.