bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors in children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated with total thyroidectomy and RAI: a real-life multicentric study
Authors: Cistaro Angelina , Quartuccio Natale , Garganese Maria Carmen , Villani Maria Felicia , Altini Claudio , Pizzoferro Milena , Piccardo Arnoldo , Cabria Manlio , Massollo Michela , Maghnie Mohamad , Campennì Alfredo , Siracusa Massimiliano , Baldari Sergio , Panareo Stefano , Urso Luca , Bartolomei Mirco , De Palma Diego , Grossi Armando , Mazzoletti Angelica , Dondi Francesco , Bertagna Francesco , Giubbini Raffaele , Albano Domenico 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This multicentric study aimed to investigate the main prognostic factors associated with treatment response at 1 year after radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) and the last disease status in pediatric patients affected by differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Materials and methods
In the period 1990–2020, all consecutive patients ≤ 18 years from six different centers were retrospectively included. Patients were classified as low, intermediate, and high risk for persistence/recurrence. The response to RAIT was evaluated and scored 1 year later according to 2015 ATA guidelines. Moreover, at the last follow-up, the disease status was evaluated and dichotomized as no evidence of disease (NED) or persistent disease.

Results
Two hundred and eighty-five patients (197 female, 88 male; mean age 14.4 years) were recruited. All, except nine, underwent near-total thyroidectomy followed by RAIT. One-year after first RAIT, 146/276 (53%) patients had excellent response, 37/276 (14%) indeterminate response, and 91/276 (33%) incomplete response. One-year after RAIT, children with excellent response had significantly lower stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) compared to not excellent group (median sTg 4.4 ng/ml vs 52.5 ng/ml, p < 0.001). ROC curve showed sTg higher than 27.2 ng/ml as the most accurate to predict 1-year treatment response. After a median follow-up of 133 months, NED was present in 241 cases (87%) while persistent disease in 35 (13%). At multivariate analysis, sTg and 1-year treatment response categories were both significantly associated with the last disease status (p value 0.023 and < 0.001).

Conclusions
In pediatric DTC, sTg is significantly associated with 1-year treatment response and final outcome. However, 1-year response is the principal prognostic factor able to predict pediatric DTCs outcome.
Prognostic Factors and Lymph Node Metastasis Patterns of Primary Duodenal Cancer
Authors: Nishio Kohei , Kimura Kenjiro , Eguchi Shimpei , Shirai Daisuke , Tauchi Jun , Kinoshita Masahiko , Murata Akihiro , Ohira Go , Shinkawa Hiroji , Shintaro Kodai , Amano Ryosuke , Tanaka Shogo , Shimizu Sadatoshi , Takemura Shigekazu , Kanazawa Akishige , Kubo Shoji 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe effectiveness and extent of regional lymph node dissection in primary duodenal cancer (DC) remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the prognostic factors and lymph node metastasis (LNM) patterns in DC.MethodsFifty‐three patients who underwent surgical resection for DC between January 1998 and December 2018 at two institutions were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the prognostic factors of resected DC. Moreover, the relationships between depth of tumor invasion and incidence of LNM and between tumor location and LNM stations were analyzed.ResultsThe five‐year survival rate of the study population was 68.9%. Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that histologic grade G2–G4, presence of LNM, pT3–4, and elevated preoperative CA19‐9 were the independent poor prognostic factors. No patient with pTis–T2 had LNM. On the other hand, LNM was found in 70% of patients with pT3–4. Among 36 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), LNM around the pancreatic head was observed, regardless of the duodenal cancer site, including the duodenal bulb and the third to the fourth portion.ConclusionsHistologic grade G2–G4, presence of LNM, pT3–T4, and elevated preoperative CA19‐9 were the independent poor prognostic factors in patients with resected DC. Our results suggested that lymph node dissection could be omitted for DC Tis–T1a. Moreover, based on the high frequency of LNM in T3–4 cases, PD with lymph node dissection in the pancreatic head region was considered necessary for T3–4 DC at any site.
Acute Kidney Injury within an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Program for Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Drakeford Paul Andrew , Tham Shu Qi , Kwek Jia Li , Lim Vera , Lim Chien Joo , How Kwang Yeong , Ljungqvist Olle 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) within an ERAS program for colorectal surgery (CRS).MethodsThis is a retrospective case–control study conducted from March 2016 to September 2018 at a single tertiary hospital in Singapore. All adult patients requiring CRS within our ERAS program were considered eligible. Exclusions were stage 5 chronic kidney disease or patients requiring a synchronous liver resection. The primary outcome was AKI as defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. Secondary outcomes included mortality, major complications, and hospital length of stay. Patient, surgical, and anaesthesia‐related data were analysed to determine factors associated with AKI.ResultsA total of 575 patients were eligible for the study. Twenty patients were excluded from the study leaving 555 patients for analysis. Mean age was 67.8 (SD 11.4) years. Seventy‐four patients met the criteria for AKI (13.4%: stage 1—11.2%, stage 2—2.0%, stage 3—0.2%). One patient required renal replacement therapy (RRT). Patients with AKI had a longer length of stay (median [IQR], 11.0 [5.0–17.0] days vs 6.0 [4.0–8.0] days; P < .001), more major complications (OR, 6.55; 95% CI, 3.00–14.35, P < .001), and a trend towards higher mortality at one year (OR, 1.44; 95% CI 0.48–4.30; p = 0.511. After multivariable regression analysis, factors associated with AKI were preoperative creatinine (OR, 1.01 per 10 µmol/l; 95% CI, 1.03–1.22; P = 0.01), robotic surgery vs open surgery (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.06–0.39; P < 0.001), anaesthesia duration (OR, 1.38 per hour; 95% CI, 1.22–1.55; P < 0.001), and major complications (OR, 5.55; 95% CI, 2.63–11.70; P < 0.001).ConclusionsWithin the present cohort, the implementation of an ERAS program for CRS was associated with a low prevalence of moderate to severe AKI despite a balanced intravenous fluid regimen. Patients having open surgery, longer procedures, and major complications are at increased risk of AKI.
Peripartale psychische Belastung und Auswirkungen auf die frühe Elternschaft
Authors: Stuhrmann Lydia Yao , Göbel Ariane , Mudra Susanne 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Peripartale elterliche Angst und Depressivität zeigten Zusammenhänge mit kindlichen emotionalen und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten. Mögliche Erklärungsansätze umfassen pränatal prägende Einflüsse auf das Ungeborene sowie das postpartale Fortwirken psychischer Belastung auf die Eltern-Kind-Beziehung. Dabei kommt dem elterlichen Vertrauen in die eigenen Fähigkeiten eine mögliche protektive Rolle zu, das wiederum durch die eigene psychische Belastung und das kindliche Verhalten maßgeblich beeinträchtigt sein kann.

Fragestellung
Diese Studie untersucht, wie sich pränatale schwangerschaftsspezifische Ängste auf das Vertrauen in die eigenen Fähigkeiten als Mutter in der frühen Elternschaft auswirken und wodurch dieser Effekt vermittelt wird.

Material und Methoden
Als Teil einer prospektiven Längsschnittstudie beantworteten 116 Mütter im letzten Schwangerschaftsdrittel (T0) und der 3. Woche (T1) postpartal Fragebögen zu schwangerschaftsspezifischen Ängsten, mütterlichem Selbstvertrauen, postpartaler Depressivität und kindlicher Irritabilität.

Ergebnisse
Es zeigte sich, dass der Zusammenhang zwischen pränatalen Ängsten und mangelndem mütterlichen Selbstvertrauen nicht über das Erleben kindlicher Irritabilität, sondern entscheidend über das Erleben postpartaler Depressivität vermittelt wurde. Die mütterliche Parität spielte ebenfalls eine Rolle.

Schlussfolgerung
Pränatale schwangerschaftsspezifische Ängste können postpartaler Depressivität vorausgehen und so indirekt das mütterliche Vertrauen in die eigenen Fähigkeiten beeinträchtigen. Die Wachsamkeit für elterliche psychische Belastung und die Weiterentwicklung von Behandlungsansätzen mit Beginn in der Schwangerschaft sind notwendig und erfordern eine enge interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit zwischen eltern- und kindbezogenen Disziplinen.
Low skeletal muscle mass assessed directly from the 3rd cervical vertebra can predict pharyngocutaneous fistula risk after total laryngectomy in the male population
Authors: Casasayas Maria , García-Lorenzo Jacinto , Gómez-Ansón Beatriz , Medina Victoria , Fernández Alejandro , Quer Miquel , León Xavier 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) loss and sarcopenia have been identified as risk factors for postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) formation after total laryngectomy (TL) and SMM assessed from a computed tomography image of the 3rd cervical vertebra (C3).

Methods
Retrospective study of 86 male patients who underwent TL between 2013 and 2019 in a single institution. We excluded women from the analysis due to our limited sample. SMM was determined from cross-sectional muscle area (CSMA) measurement at C3 using the ImageJ software. Results were compared with those for the skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) calculated from the estimated measure at 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3).

Results
PCF formation occurred in 21/86 patients. According to the CSMA at a C3 cut-off of 35.5cm2, of 18 patients (20.9%) with low SMM, 9 developed PCFs (50.0%). Among patients with normal SMM (n = 68, 79.1%), 12 developed PCFs (17.6%). The CSMA at C3 was the only variable significantly associated with PCF risk, which was 4.7 times greater in patients with low SMM (p = 0.007). Sarcopenia was more frequent in underweight patients (p = 0.0001), patients undergoing extended surgeries (p = 0.003), or presenting preoperative anaemia (p = 0.009) or hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.027).

Conclusion
Measuring the CSMA at C3 obtained results equivalent to those obtained by calculating the SMMI at L3, suggesting that direct SMM assessment from C3 is a useful approach to evaluating PCF formation risk after TL.
Causes of irritant contact dermatitis after occupational skin exposure: a systematic review
Authors: Jacobsen Gitte , Rasmussen Kurt , Bregnhøj Anne , Isaksson Marléne , Diepgen Thomas L. , Carstensen Ole 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a major cause of occupational disease. The aim was to review the relation between exposure to occupational irritants and ICD and the prognosis of ICD.

Methods
Through a systematic search, 1516 titles were identified, and 48 studies were included in the systematic review.

Results
We found that the evidence for an association between ICD and occupational irritants was strong for wet work, moderate for detergents and non-alcoholic disinfectants, and strong for a combination. The highest quality studies provided limited evidence for an association with use of occlusive gloves without other exposures and moderate evidence with simultaneous exposure to other wet work irritants. The evidence for an association between minor ICD and exposure to metalworking fluids was moderate. Regarding mechanical exposures, the literature was scarce and the evidence limited. We found that the prognosis for complete healing of ICD is poor, but improves after decrease of exposure through change of occupation or work tasks. There was no substantial evidence for an influence of gender, age, or household exposures. Inclusion of atopic dermatitis in the analysis did not alter the risk of ICD. Studies were at risk of bias, mainly due to selection and misclassification of exposure and outcome. This may have attenuated the results.

Conclusion
This review reports strong evidence for an association between ICD and a combination of exposure to wet work and non-alcoholic disinfectants, moderate for metalworking fluids, limited for mechanical and glove exposure, and a strong evidence for a poor prognosis of ICD.
Beyond Ca2+ signalling: the role of TRPV3 in the transport of NH4+
Authors: Liebe Hendrik , Liebe Franziska , Sponder Gerhard , Hedtrich Sarah , Stumpff Friederike 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMutations of TRPV3 lead to severe dermal hyperkeratosis in Olmsted syndrome, but whether the mutants are trafficked to the cell membrane or not is controversial. Even less is known about TRPV3 function in intestinal epithelia, although research on ruminants and pigs suggests an involvement in the uptake of NH4+. It was the purpose of this study to measure the permeability of the human homologue (hTRPV3) to NH4+, to localize hTRPV3 in human skin equivalents, and to investigate trafficking of the Olmsted mutant G573S. Immunoblotting and immunostaining verified the successful expression of hTRPV3 in HEK-293 cells and Xenopus oocytes with trafficking to the cell membrane. Human skin equivalents showed distinct staining of the apical membrane of the top layer of keratinocytes with cytosolic staining in the middle layers. Experiments with pH-sensitive microelectrodes on Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that acidification by NH4+ was significantly greater when hTRPV3 was expressed. Single-channel measurements showed larger conductances in overexpressing Xenopus oocytes than in controls. In whole-cell experiments on HEK-293 cells, both enantiomers of menthol stimulated influx of NH4+ in hTRPV3 expressing cells, but not in controls. Expression of the mutant G573S greatly reduced cell viability with partial rescue via ruthenium red. Immunofluorescence confirmed cytosolic expression, with membrane staining observed in a very small number of cells. We suggest that expression of TRPV3 by epithelia may have implications not just for Ca2+ signalling, but also for nitrogen metabolism. Models suggesting how influx of NH4+ via TRPV3 might stimulate skin cornification or intestinal NH4+ transport are discussed.
EGFR transcriptionally upregulates UTX via STAT3 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Lin , Wang Xiaomu , Lu Jingya , Fu Xiangning , Li Yangkai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Histone demethylase UTX has been reported to participate in the occurrence and development of many cancers in tissue-specific manners. However, the role of UTX in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and exactly what regulates the expression of UTX remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the role of UTX in NSCLC in association with the widely recognized tumor driver epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Methods
UTX levels in clinical samples were detected by immunohistochemistry staining, western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of UTX in tumor tissue was correlated with the phosphorylation of EGFR. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by MTT and wound-healing assays. The impact of EGFR and its downstream pathways on UTX was explored with corresponding inhibitors, and examined by western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR.

Results
In this study, we found that the expression of UTX in cancer tissues of patients with NSCLC was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues, and positively associated with EGFR phosphorylation levels. In addition, in NSCLC cell lines, UTX can promote proliferation and migration, while inhibition of its enzyme activity suppressed cell growth. Moreover, UTX expression was significantly upregulated when EGFR signaling pathway was activated, and vice versa when EGFR pathway was inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Further mechanistic studies suggested that the activation of EGFR activated its downstream JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway and promoted STAT3 phosphorylation; the phosphorylated STAT3 transcriptionally promoted the levels of UTX.

Conclusions
These results suggest an “EGFR-STAT3-UTX” axis that plays an oncogenic role in NSCLC.
Machine learning classification of conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous-unemotional traits based on facial emotion recognition abilities
Authors: Pauli Ruth , Kohls Gregor , Tino Peter , Rogers Jack C. , Baumann Sarah , Ackermann Katharina , Bernhard Anka , Martinelli Anne , Jansen Lucres , Oldenhof Helena , Gonzalez-Madruga Karen , Smaragdi Areti , Gonzalez-Torres Miguel Angel , Kerexeta-Lizeaga Iñaki , Boonmann Cyril , Kersten Linda , Bigorra Aitana , Hervas Amaia , Stadler Christina , Fernandez-Rivas Aranzazu , Popma Arne , Konrad Kerstin , Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate , Fairchild Graeme , Freitag Christine M. , Rotshtein Pia , De Brito Stephane A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractConduct disorder (CD) with high levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/HCU) has been theoretically linked to specific difficulties with fear and sadness recognition, in contrast to CD with low levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/LCU). However, experimental evidence for this distinction is mixed, and it is unclear whether these difficulties are a reliable marker of CD/HCU compared to CD/LCU. In a large sample (N = 1263, 9–18 years), we combined univariate analyses and machine learning classifiers to investigate whether CD/HCU is associated with disproportionate difficulties with fear and sadness recognition over other emotions, and whether such difficulties are a reliable individual-level marker of CD/HCU. We observed similar emotion recognition abilities in CD/HCU and CD/LCU. The CD/HCU group underperformed relative to typically developing (TD) youths, but difficulties were not specific to fear or sadness. Classifiers did not distinguish between youths with CD/HCU versus CD/LCU (52% accuracy), although youths with CD/HCU and CD/LCU were reliably distinguished from TD youths (64% and 60%, respectively). In the subset of classifiers that performed well for youths with CD/HCU, fear and sadness were the most relevant emotions for distinguishing them from youths with CD/LCU and TD youths, respectively. We conclude that non-specific emotion recognition difficulties are common in CD/HCU, but are not reliable individual-level markers of CD/HCU versus CD/LCU. These findings highlight that a reduced ability to recognise facial expressions of distress should not be assumed to be a core feature of CD/HCU.
Long-Term Drought and Warming Alter Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities in an Upland Heathland
Authors: Seaton Fiona M. , Reinsch Sabine , Goodall Tim , White Nicola , Jones Davey L. , Griffiths Robert I. , Creer Simon , Smith Andy , Emmett Bridget A. , Robinson David A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe response of soil microbial communities to a changing climate will impact global biogeochemical cycles, potentially leading to positive and negative feedbacks. However, our understanding of how soil microbial communities respond to climate change and the implications of these changes for future soil function is limited. Here, we assess the response of soil bacterial and fungal communities to long-term experimental climate change in a heathland organo-mineral soil. We analysed microbial communities using Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 region at two depths, from plots undergoing 4 and 18 years of in situ summer drought or warming. We also assessed the colonisation of Calluna vulgaris roots by ericoid and dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi using microscopy after 16 years of climate treatment. We found significant changes in both the bacterial and fungal communities in response to drought and warming, likely mediated by changes in soil pH and electrical conductivity. Changes in the microbial communities were more pronounced after a longer period of climate manipulation. Additionally, the subsoil communities of the long-term warmed plots became similar to the topsoil. Ericoid mycorrhizal colonisation decreased with depth while DSEs increased; however, these trends with depth were removed by warming. We largely ascribe the observed changes in microbial communities to shifts in plant cover and subsequent feedback on soil physicochemical properties, especially pH. Our results demonstrate the importance of considering changes in soil microbial responses to climate change across different soil depths and after extended periods of time.
Land Use Modeling Predicts Divergent Patterns of Change Between Upper and Lower Elevations in a Subalpine Watershed of the Alps
Authors: Anselmetto Nicolò , Sibona Emanuele Marco , Meloni Fabio , Gagliardi Luca , Bocca Massimo , Garbarino Matteo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe synergic influence of land use and climate change on future forest dynamics is hard to disentangle, especially in human-dominated forest ecosystems. Forest gain in mountain ecosystems often creates different spatial–temporal patterns between upper and lower elevation belts. We analyzed land cover dynamics over the past 50 years and predicted Business as Usual future changes on an inner subalpine watershed by using land cover maps, derived from five aerial images, and several topographic, ecological, and anthropogenic predictors. We analyzed historical landscape patterns through transition matrices and landscape metrics and predicted future forest ecosystem change by integrating multi-layer perceptron and Markov chain models for short-term (2050) and long-term (2100) timespans. Below the maximum timberline elevation of the year 1965, the dominant forest dynamic was a gap-filling process through secondary succession at the expense of open areas leading to an increase of landscape homogeneity. At upper elevations, the main observed dynamic was the colonization of unvegetated soil through primary succession and timberline upward shift, with an increasing speed over the last years. Future predictions suggest a saturation of open areas in the lower part of the watershed and stronger forest gain at upper elevations. Our research suggests an increasing role of climate change over the last years and on future forest dynamics at a landscape scale.
Relationships among inner strength, health and function, well-being, and negative life events in old people: a longitudinal study
Authors: Viglund Kerstin , Olofsson Birgitta , Lundman Berit , Norberg Astrid , Lövheim Hugo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInner strength is a conceptualization of a human resource that is generally considered beneficial for health and well-being. Previously, it has been examined in qualitative and cross-sectional studies, but longitudinal data are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine how inner strength, health and function, well-being, and negative life events, namely crises and diseases, affect each other over time in old people. A longitudinal two-wave design was used with data from 2010 and 2016. A total of 4023 participants, living in Finland and Sweden, and born in 1930, 1935, 1940, or 1945 were included. Data were collected using the Inner Strength Scale, the Life Orientation Scale, a short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale, one item from the SF36, and five items from the Katz ADL-index. Structural equation modeling was used to test for cross-lagged effects. Crises and diseases were found to be a positive predictor of inner strength, a negative predictor of well-being, and to have no significant effect on health and function over time. Inner strength and well-being had a reciprocal positive relationship, and health and function was a positive predictor inner strength. The study expands findings by providing perspectives of inner strength across time indicating that inner strength in old people increases when they have to face a disease or crisis. From a health perspective, the present findings reinforce the importance of healthcare professionals’ awareness and knowledge of the construct of inner strength.