bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conducting EEG research in clinically anxious preschoolers: A pilot study and preliminary recommendations
Authors: Horbatch Faith , Hruschak Jessica , Hall Melissa , Mannella Kristin A. , Synger Ashley , Ip Ka I. , Liu Yanni , Sadlier Raleigh , Gillett Carrie B. , Moser Jason S. , Muzik Maria , Rosenblum Katherine L. , Fitzgerald Kate D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectroencephalography (EEG) data collection can be challenging in preschoolers with anxiety who are often debilitated by fear of the unknown. Thus, we iteratively refined techniques for EEG collection in three cohorts of children with anxiety enrolled in our study of a novel intervention. Techniques involved directing child attention away from the EEG setup (Cohort 1, N = 18), open discussion of equipment and processes during setup (Cohort 2, N = 21), and a preparatory EEG‐exposure session prior to data collection (Cohort 3, N = 6). Children (N = 45, 4–7 years) attempted a Time 1 EEG before intervention, and those who completed intervention (N = 28) were invited to a Time 2 EEG. The percentages who provided analyzable EEGs were assessed by cohort. Cohort 3 provided more Time 1 EEGs (83.3%) than Cohorts 1 or 2 (66.7% each), suggesting that the preparatory session supported first‐time EEG collection. More children provided Time 2 EEG data across successive cohorts (Cohort 1: 66.7%, Cohort 2: 82%, Cohort 3: 100%), suggesting that more open communication facilitated repeat EEG collection. Ultimately, increased EEG exposure and child‐friendly communication about procedures improved data acquisition in this sample of clinically anxious preschoolers. Detailed study procedures are shared to support future EEG research in young children with anxiety.
The interplay among interparental conflict, children's emotional insecurity, neurophysiological correlates of processing interparental conflict cues, and externalizing symptoms
Authors: Schermerhorn Alice C. , Nguyen Phuong (Kelly) , Davies Patrick T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExposure to destructive interparental conflict consistently predicts children's externalizing symptoms. Research has identified children's emotional security as an explanatory mechanism underpinning this association, but little is known about the role of children's neurophysiology in this pathway. We aimed to address that gap using event‐related potential (ERP) data from a sample of 86 children, ages 9–11 years. The P3 ERP was measured during an emotion categorization task involving photographs of a couple exhibiting facial expressions of emotion toward one another. Angry images were target stimuli, and happy and neutral images were nontarget stimuli. Children reported interparental conflict, and their mothers reported children's emotional security. Mothers also reported children's externalizing symptoms at two time points 1 year apart. Results indicated elevated interparental conflict predicted more behavioral dysregulation (an aspect of emotional insecurity), which predicted a smaller P3 on angry trials, which, in turn, predicted greater externalizing symptoms 1 year later, controlling for initial externalizing. Greater involvement in interparental conflict, another aspect of emotional insecurity, predicted a larger P3 on neutral trials. Further, both greater involvement and a larger P3 on happy trials predicted increases in externalizing. The results suggest differing associations between different elements of emotional insecurity and the P3.
A single‐session behavioral protocol for successful event‐related potential recording in children with neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Guy Maggie W. , Black Conner J. , Hogan Abigail L. , Coyle Ramsey E. , Richards John E. , Roberts Jane E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEvent‐related potentials (ERPs) are an ideal tool for measuring neural responses in a wide range of participants, including children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). However, due to perceived barriers regarding participant compliance, much of this work has excluded children with low IQ and/or reduced adaptive functioning, significant anxiety symptoms, and/or sensory processing difficulties, including heterogeneous samples of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with fragile X syndrome (FXS). We have developed a behavioral support protocol designed to obtain high‐quality ERP data from children in a single session. Using this approach, ERP data were successfully collected from participants with ASD, FXS, and typical development (TD). Higher success rates were observed for children with ASD and TD than children with FXS. Unique clinical–behavioral characteristics were associated with successful data collection across these groups. Higher chronological age, nonverbal mental age, and receptive language skills were associated with a greater number of valid trials completed in children with ASD. In contrast, higher language ability, lower autism severity, increased anxiety, and increased sensory hyperresponsivity were associated with a greater number of valid trials completed in children with FXS. This work indicates that a “one‐size‐fits‐all” approach cannot be taken to ERP research on children with NDDs, but that a single‐session paradigm is feasible and is intended to promote increased representation of children with NDDs in neuroscience research through development of ERP methods that support inclusion of diverse and representative samples.
Inconsistent responses of conservation biocontrol to landscape structure: new insights from a network‐based review
Authors: Ratsimba Nirina , Therond Olivier , Parry Hazel , Monteil Claude , Vialatte Aude 
Published: September 2021

AbstractConservation biological control (CBC) has been an active research topic for the last two decades and is now one of the key ways being explored to develop agroecological production systems. Using broad concepts and indicators, recent reviews and meta‐analyses have highlighted major inconsistencies in the responses of CBC to landscape structure, revealing their context‐dependent nature. To decipher these relations, we reviewed the scientific literature (50 articles) using (1) an original ontology allowing us to navigate across the different terms and concepts used in this literature and (2) a network‐based methodology to describe the scattering, completeness, and generalizability of scientific knowledge on CBC. An interactive version of this network is available online. Our results highlight the strong information scattering caused by the variety of indicators used to describe both landscape structure and CBC. We observe trade‐offs between the use of coarse concepts classically used in meta‐analysis (e.g., landscape complexity) and the non‐convergence of results (ambiguity). The network analysis points out consistently less information ambiguity when considering sub‐networks focused on trophic chains than in the full information network, without losing connectance. We suggest that effects of landscape structure may be different between trophic chains because of specific selection pressures associated with cropping systems. Our novel review procedure offers a relatively simple but powerful complementary approach to classical meta‐analysis to explore ecological patterns. It highlights that crop trophic chain probably represents the adequate ecological unit to investigate the landscape–CBC relationship. Designing pest suppressive landscapes while favoring farmland biodiversity will imply considering multiple crop trophic chains responding differently to landscape structure. Therefore, we recommend assessing the level of CBC at both crop field and landscape scales to inform decisions on the best individual or collective strategy to adopt.
Large brain size is associated with low extra‐pair paternity across bird species
Authors: Chen Min , Li Guopan , Liu Jinlong , Li Shaobin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGaining extrapair copulations (EPCs) is a complicated behavior process. The interaction between males and females to procure EPCs may be involved in brain function evolution and lead to a larger brain. Thus, we hypothesized that extrapair paternity (EPP) rate can be predicted by relative brain size in birds. Past work has implied that the EPP rate is associated with brain size, but empirical evidence is rare.MethodsWe collated data from published references on EPP levels and brain size of 215 bird species to examine whether the evolution of EPP rate can be predicted by brain size using phylogenetically generalized least square (PGLS) models and phylogenetic path analyses.ResultsWe found that EPP rates (both the percentage EP offspring and percentage of broods with EP offspring) are negatively associated with relative brain size. We applied phylogenetic path analysis to test the causal relationship between relative brain size and EPP rate. Best‐supported models (ΔCICc < 2) suggested that large brain lead to reduced EPP rate, which failed to support the hypothesis that high rates of EPP cause the evolution of larger brains.ConclusionThis study indicates that pursuing EPCs may be a natural instinct in birds and the interaction between males and females for EPCs may lead to large brains, which in turn may restrict their EPC level for both sexes across bird species.
The Effect of the Degree of Fluorination on the MOCVD Growth of Cobalt Oxide Thin Films using Co(II) Acetylacetonate Complexes
Authors: Stienen Christian , Rogalla Detlef , Prymak Oleg , Bendt Georg 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe structurally related cobalt β‐diketonate complexes Co(acac)2, Co(acac)2 ⋅ TMEDA, Co(tfac)2 ⋅ TMEDA, and Co(hfac)2 ⋅ TMEDA (acac=2,4‐pentanedionate, tfac=1,1,1‐trifluoro‐2,4‐pentane‐dionate, hfac=1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoro‐2,4‐pentane‐dionate, TMEDA=N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine) were thermochemically (thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry) and spectroscopically (infrared, UV‐VIS and electron resonance spectroscopy) characterised and used as precursor for the MOCVD growth of cobalt monoxide (CoO) thin films. The influence of the degree of fluorination of the cobalt precursors on the morphology (scanning electron microscopy) and phase composition (X‐ray diffraction) of the CoO films is demonstrated. Carbon, nitrogen and fluorine impurities as a result of the thermal decomposition of the 2,4‐pentanedionate and tetraamine ligands in the films were identified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and nuclear reaction analysis. In addition, the influence of these contaminants on the electrocatalytically activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media of the MOCVD grown CoO films is shown.
Bi‐directional collapse fragility assessment by DFEM of unreinforced masonry buildings with openings and different confinement configurations
Authors: Deb Trissa , Yuen Terry Y. P. , Lee Dongkeun , Halder Rudhra , You Young‐Chan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnreinforced masonry (URM) buildings that are characterized by brittle, heterogeneous, and anisotropic responses have complex nonlinear dynamic behavior and high vulnerability under seismic loading. While masonry confined by tie‐columns and lintel beams can achieve better ductility and stability, the wall openings induce stress concentration around the corners and diminish the strength. Furthermore, the interacting in‐plane and out‐of‐plane responses of masonry walls could significantly affect the post‐cracking behavior and increase the collapse risk. To attain reliable seismic design of confined masonry buildings with openings, the collapse fragility under bi‐directional seismic loading shall be addressed and thoroughly investigated in this study. Advanced discrete finite element models (DFEM) with coupled damage‐plasticity traction‐separation law, which can simulate complex nonlinear dynamic behavior such as disintegration and progressive collapse, were developed for the masonry structures and validated against experimental results. Four one‐storey residential masonry buildings: (1) unconfined (UCM), (2) confined by tie‐columns at four building corners (CM‐I), (3) confined by toothed tie‐columns (CM‐II), and (4) confined by toothed tie‐columns and lintel beams (CM‐III) were considered. A series of incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) with 15 bi‐directional ground motions and fragility analyses were performed to investigate the dynamic characteristics, base shear, hysteresis behavior, failure mechanism, collapse probability, and exceedance probability for different drift limits were studied in‐depth. CM‐II with toothed tie‐columns had the lowest collapse probability and fragility at different drift limit states. The introduction of lintel beams to CM‐III lead to an increase of the storey‐drift‐based fragility compared to CM‐II, as a result of the increased maximum base shear of CM‐III with higher post‐damage stiffness. The lintel beams also inflicted short‐column effects on the tie‐columns. Nevertheless, the lintel beams could delay the out‐of‐plane collapse of the masonry walls by shortening the effective wall arching length. In some cases, the CM‐III could achieve better performances than CM‐II even in terms of storey drifts. The response variations of CM‐III to the changing of the non‐intensity related ground motion parameters are also lower than CM‐II.
Energy, exergy, exergoenvironmental, and exergoeconomic (4E) analyses of a gas boosting station
Authors: Salimi Delshad Mohammad , Momenimovahed Ali , Mazidi Mohammad Sh. , Ehyaei Mehdi A. , Rosen Marc A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEnergy, exergy, exergoenvironmental, and exergoeconomic analyses of a natural gas boosting station are presented using a real‐gas model and actual operational data. The effect of varies performance parameters on the thermodynamic efficiencies, specific fuel consumption (SFC), gas‐phase emissions, and cost rates are assessed. The results show that, for the actual operational conditions of the gas boosting station, the exergy efficiencies are 76.1% and 73.9% in the hot and cold seasons, respectively. Moreover, the energy analysis at partial load reveals that the SFC varies from 0.285 kg/kWh to 0.302 kg/kWh, respectively, in maximum and minimum ambient temperatures. The exergoeconomic analysis along with the exergoenvironmental analysis shows that the total cost rate of gas boosting stations in hot and cold ambient conditions is 7390 US$/h and 8070 US$/h, respectively, with more than 60% related to the environmental impact. In this system, the highest exergoeconomic factor is attributed to the centrifugal gas compressor at 40.9%‐44.2% and the lowest to the air cooler at 0.030%‐0.036%, depending on the ambient temperature, which specifies the balance between capital cost and the cost of exergy destruction. The cost rate of the exergy destruction is more pronounced in the combustion chamber, and the overall cost rate of the exergy destruction can be improved significantly by increasing turbine inlet temperature which needs additional investment cost for the system.
Analysis of fat, fatty acid profile, and salt content of Iranian restaurant foods during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis
Authors: Mohammadi‐Nasrabadi Fatemeh , Zargaraan Azizollaah , Salmani Yeganeh , Abedi Abdolsamad , Shoaie Ehsan , Esfarjani Fatemeh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the fat, fatty acid profile, and salt content of restaurant foods (RFs) and find out strategies to lower them using the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). Five types of common foods (n = 70) were collected from restaurants in Tehran, Iran. The fat, fatty acid profile, and salt content of samples were analyzed by acid hydrolysis method, gas chromatography, and Charpentier Volhard methods, respectively. The quantitative data were analyzed by the SPSS using ANOVA and Spearman’s correlation test. Then, a SWOT analysis was done. The laboratory results indicated that the highest amount of total fat was in Samosa (16.92% ± 6.27%), whereas saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty acids (TFA) were significantly higher in Koobideh kebab with rice (44.42% ± 5.07% and 2.86% ± 0.64%, respectively) as compared to other samples. In addition, the highest amount of salt was in the Falafel sandwich (2.87% ± 0.98%). The salt content in the majority of analyzed foods was about two times more than the daily recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). The SWOT analysis results showed the lack of standardization of recipes to measure accurate fat and salt content was the main weakness and food labeling in the menus was detected as an important opportunity. TFA and salt in RFs were alarmingly high and it is necessary to find strategies for reformulation of RFs to reduce their fat and salt content. Policymakers can use the SWOT analysis results of this study to offer directions for potential future strengthening actions of healthy foods in restaurants for public health.
Schwann cell‐derived exosomes: Janus‐faced mediators of regeneration and disease
Authors: Wong Fang Cheng , Ye Linhan , Demir Ihsan Ekin , Kahlert Christoph 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe phenotypic plasticity of Schwann cells (SCs) has contributed to the regenerative potential of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), but also pathological processes. This double‐sided effect has led to an increasing attention to the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) or exosomes in SCs to examine the intercellular communication between SCs and their surroundings. Here, we first describe the current knowledge of SC and EV biology, which forms the basis for the updates on advances in SC‐derived exosomes research. We seek to explore in‐depth the exosome‐mediated molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of SCs and their microenvironment. This review concludes with potential applications of SC‐derived exosomes as delivery vehicles for therapeutics and biomarkers. The goal of this review is to emphasize the crucial role of SC‐derived exosomes in the functional integration of the PNS, highlighting an emerging area in which there is much to explore and re‐explore.
A comparative study between state‐of‐the‐art MRI deidentification and AnonyMI, a new method combining re‐identification risk reduction and geometrical preservation
Authors: Mikulan Ezequiel , Russo Simone , Zauli Flavia Maria , d'Orio Piergiorgio , Parmigiani Sara , Favaro Jacopo , Knight William , Squarza Silvia , Perri Pierluigi , Cardinale Francesco , Avanzini Pietro , Pigorini Andrea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeidentifying MRIs constitutes an imperative challenge, as it aims at precluding the possibility of re‐identification of a research subject or patient, but at the same time it should preserve as much geometrical information as possible, in order to maximize data reusability and to facilitate interoperability. Although several deidentification methods exist, no comprehensive and comparative evaluation of deidentification performance has been carried out across them. Moreover, the possible ways these methods can compromise subsequent analysis has not been exhaustively tested. To tackle these issues, we developed AnonyMI, a novel MRI deidentification method, implemented as a user‐friendly 3D Slicer plugin‐in, which aims at providing a balance between identity protection and geometrical preservation. To test these features, we performed two series of analyses on which we compared AnonyMI to other two state‐of‐the‐art methods, to evaluate, at the same time, how efficient they are at deidentifying MRIs and how much they affect subsequent analyses, with particular emphasis on source localization procedures. Our results show that all three methods significantly reduce the re‐identification risk but AnonyMI provides the best geometrical conservation. Notably, it also offers several technical advantages such as a user‐friendly interface, multiple input–output capabilities, the possibility of being tailored to specific needs, batch processing and efficient visualization for quality assurance.
Enhanced perfusion of elliptical wound closures using a novel adhesive suture retention device
Authors: Stoecker Allison , Lear William , Johnson Karsten , Bahm Jared , Kruzic Jamie J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThe purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that a novel adhesive retention suture device (ARSD) can increase perfusion at elliptical wound closures by distributing stress away from the suture site.MethodsStress in the skin around a suture both with and without support from an ARSD was evaluated using a finite element model. A single‐center, randomized split‐scar comparison trial using laser speckle contrast analysis was used to quantify the perfusion at elliptical wound closures in human patients both with and without an ARSD.ResultsThe finite element model revealed that the ARSD promoted load transfer to the skin over a larger area, thus reducing the local stress and deformation in the skin around the suture site. Results from the split‐scar study showed a mean improvement of 25% perfusion units with the ARSD, and the improvement was statistically significant (p = 0.002).ConclusionThe reduction in local stress and enhanced perfusion around the suture site reveals the potential benefit of using an ARSD to enable more efficient healing by avoiding complications associated with both low perfusion and skin tearing, such as dehiscence, infection, and cheese wiring.
Hydrology on high: Assessing the effect of ski resort expansion and changing climate at the Mount Mansfield paired‐catchment study in Vermont, USA
Authors: Shanley James B. , Wemple Beverley C. , Hastings Blaine , Kincaid Dustin W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA paired‐catchment study began in 2000 to assess the hydrologic effects of high‐elevation development on Mt. Mansfield, Vermont's highest summit (1340 m). West Branch Little River drains 12.08 km2 and encompasses a large ski resort. Adjacent Ranch Brook drains 9.83 km2 of minimally disturbed second‐growth forest. The two catchments have similar elevation, aspect, surficial and bedrock geology, and vegetation. The resort was well established before this study, but it underwent a major expansion during the period 2004–2008. The expansion included new ski lifts and trails, a large hotel, roads and second home development, a 435 000‐m3 snowmaking storage pond and a nine‐hole golf course, increasing the extent of cleared/open land from 17% to 24%. Runoff from the developed West Branch Little River catchment was 21% greater than Ranch Brook over the duration of the study, but varied widely each year from 10% to 42%. This high variability occurs both on the interannual and individual storm scales, and is consistent with expectations from future climate projections. Hydrologic variability is on the rise, as shown by an increase in stream flashiness in both catchments over the 20 years of our study. Resort expansion, which provided for stormwater management, had no discernible effect on the overall runoff difference nor the flow distribution at the scale of the catchments, but sedimentation, water quality impacts and localized erosion cannot be ruled out. Forest clearing, impervious and hardened surfaces, and skier‐compacted and machine‐made snow may all cause enhanced runoff. However, the greater runoff at West Branch, which occurs primarily during snowmelt and summer, may arise partly from greater precipitation capture in the complex mountain topography. Development pressure on the mountain landscape continues to mount, but managers may also need to consider the confounding effects of a changing climate.