bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between supply chain structure and transparency: A large‐scale empirical study
Authors: Gualandris Jury , Longoni Annachiara , Luzzini Davide , Pagell Mark 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn emerging body of work acknowledges the challenges focal firms face in gathering material information about their extended supply chains and begins to point to the role of supply chain structure in influencing supply chain transparency. Still, large‐scale empirical evidence on this complex association remains elusive, especially at the supply chain level of analysis. We begin to bridge this empirical gap by examining whether supply chain structure systematically associates to supply chain transparency in the context of the collective public environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosures made by a focal firm's customers, suppliers, and subsuppliers. To shed light on this underexplored empirical phenomenon, we gather Bloomberg SPLC data and Bloomberg ESG data about 4803 firms and 20,504 contractual ties organized in 187 extended supply chains. We find that supply chain density positively associates with supply chain transparency, whereas supply chain clustering holds a negative association. We also find that supply chain geographical heterogeneity positively associates with supply chain transparency. Our results significantly expand the literature on supply chain transparency and are relevant to supply chain professionals because they emphasize the central role of supply chain structure in enabling or constraining supply chain transparency.
A light‐mediated study of carotenoids in carrots (Daucus carota) using resonance Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Badgujar Pooja Manik , Wang Yu‐Chun , Cheng Chia‐Liang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn photosynthetic systems, carotenoids play significant roles, and the prime role is light harvesting, then transferred to the photosynthetic apparatus for photosynthesis. Understanding carotenoids is a significant concern as it has a vital role in photosynthesis, and it also acts as a protective pigment in the biosystem. Carotenoids are widely distributed in almost all photosynthetic biosystems but highly accumulated in carrots, especially in (Daucus carota). Therefore, carrots can be a simpler model to understand the formation of carotenoids and their regulation with the help of exposure to sunlight. Raman spectroscopy is a noninvasive method to study molecular signature; it can be an ideal tool to understand carotenoids pigments in the growing stages of carrots. In this work, using resonance Raman spectroscopy with 532‐nm wavelength laser excitation, we were able to detect predominant carotenoid bands such as β‐carotene, α‐carotene, and lutein, at 1517–1519 cm−1 and 1521–1524 cm−1 with high peak intensities. This work gives a clear description and evidence of how light plays a profound effect on the activation and regulation of carotenoids. We observed β‐carotene in the nonphotosynthetic region of the plant, as a photoprotection of developing life is one of the significant roles of carotenoids, and Raman bands of carotenoids can be considered as the biomarker of photoprotection of developing life.
Impact of a new institutional medical journal on professional identity development and academic cultural change: A qualitative study
Authors: Hayes Victoria , Williams Emma , Fairfield Kathleen M. , Falank Carolyne , McKelvy Dina , Bing‐You Robert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe launched a new institutional open access journal, the Journal of Maine Medical Center (JMMC), in 2018. We sought to engender community support and engagement through purposeful design and implementation. An ad hoc group was formed of institutional members with diverse backgrounds. Editorial Board and Editorial Team members were drawn from within the academic community. The journal name, aims and scope, recognizable logo, cover page and images were all strategically selected in order to engender institutional and community support. Institutional funding was solicited to support an open‐access, no‐fee, model. We adopted a philosophy of supporting novice authors with revisions of manuscripts that show merit, as opposed to immediate rejection. We assessed success of community engagement through semi‐structured interviews of authors and reviewers and qualitative analysis of the transcripts. As evidenced by their perceptions, we have made positive steps toward supporting the academic mission of our institution and the scholarly professional identity of our participants. We outline a number of elements that are relevant to the start of a new academic journal and community engagement that we feel would be of interest to others considering a similar undertaking.
Differentiation of Brain Tumor Microvasculature From Normal Vessels Using Optical Coherence Angiography
Authors: Andleeb Farah , Katta Nitesh , Gruslova Aleksandra , Muralidharan Bharadwaj , Estrada Arnold , McElroy Austin B. , Ullah Hafeez , Brenner Andrew J. , Milner Thomas E. 
Published: June 2021

Background and ObjectivesDespite rapid advances and discoveries in medical imaging, monitoring therapeutic efficacy for malignant gliomas and monitoring tumor vasculature remains problematic. The purpose of this study is to utilize optical coherence angiography for vasculature characterization inside and surrounding brain tumors in a murine xenograft brain tumor model. Features included in our analysis include fractional blood volume, vessel tortuosity, diameter, orientation, and directionality.Study Design/Materials and MethodsIn this study, five tumorous mice models at 4 weeks of age were imaged. Human glioblastoma cells were injected into the brain and allowed to grow for 4 weeks and then imaged using optical coherence tomography.ResultsResults suggest that blood vessels outside the tumor contain a greater fractional blood volume as compared with vessels inside the tumor. Vessels inside the tumor are more tortuous as compared with those outside the tumor. Results indicate that vessels near the tumor margin are directed inward towards the tumor while normal vessels show a more random orientation.ConclusionQuantification of vascular microenvironments in brain gliomas can provide functional vascular parameters to aid various diagnostic and therapeutic studies. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Long‐Term Controlled Release of Simvastatin from Photoprinted Triple‐Networked Hydrogels Composed of Modified Chitosan and PLA–PEG Micelles
Authors: Cisneros Karla , Chowdhury Naisha , Coleman Emily , Ferdous Tamanna , Su Hengjie , Jennings Jessica A. , Bumgardner Joel D. , Fujiwara Tomoko 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLocal delivery of active agents using injectable or implantable hydrogels for tissue and bone regeneration is a promising therapy, but it remains challenging for controlling dose and duration of release. Simvastatin (SMV), a hydrophobic drug, has shown potential for osteogenic stimulation. Secure loading of hydrophobic drugs by physical interactions is particularly difficult to establish in hydrophilic polymer matrices, and their sustained release over several months for long‐term regeneration has rarely been reported. Additionally, mechanical properties of hydrogels must be improved for a sufficient support while maintaining eventual biodegradability. This study assesses the effect of controlled SMV release from 3D‐printed triple‐network hydrogels for osteogenic stimulation and characterizes their mechanical and biological properties as an implant. SMV is loaded into polymeric micelles of polylactide/poly(ethylene glycol) triblock copolymers (PLA–PEG–PLA) and mixed with N‐methacryloyl chitosan and PEG dimethacrylate to fabricate hydrogels by photo‐cross‐linked 3D printing. The hydrogel properties and drug release profiles have shown significant dependance on the polymer compositions. The SMV release from the triple‐polymer‐network hydrogel has continued for 17 weeks of observation. Cytocompatibility of hydrogels with various formulations is confirmed. The tunable triple‐network hydrogels loaded with SMV provide a potential therapeutic value for bone regeneration.
A Concurrent Enhancement of Both In‐Plane and Through‐Plane Thermal Conductivity of Injection Molded Polycarbonate/Boron Nitride/Alumina Composites by Constructing a Dense Filler Packing Structure
Authors: Bai Yang , Shi You , Zhou Shengtai , Zou Huawei , Liang Mei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, a facile strategy is proposed to concurrently enhance both in‐plane and through‐plane thermal conductivity of injection molded polycarbonate (PC)‐based composites by constructing a dense filler packing structure with planar boron nitride (BN) and spherical alumina (Al2O3) particles. The state of orientation of BN platelets is altered with the presence of Al2O3, which is favorable for improving both in‐plane and through‐plane thermal conductivity of subsequent moldings. Rheological analysis showed that the formation of intact thermal conductive pathways is crucial to the overall enhancement of thermal conductivity. Both in‐plane and through‐plane thermal conductivity of PC/BN(20 wt%)/Al2O3(40 wt%) composites reached as high as 1.52 and 1.09 W mK−1, which are 485% and 474% higher than that of pure PC counterparts, respectively. Furthermore, the prepared samples demonstrated excellent electrical insulation and dielectric properties which show potential application in electronic and automotive industries.
PEG‐Induced Controllable Thin−Thickness Gradient and Water Retention: A Simple Way to Programme Deformation of Hydrogel Actuators
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Ting , Tian Fei , Wang Xionglei , Hu Yan , Xia Xuehuan , Xu Shimei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBuilding the differential growth through the thickness is a promising and challenging approach to design the morphing structures of hydrogel actuators. Besides retaining the size of the hydrogel actuators under environmental stimuli still remains a big challenge. Herein, a facile and universal approach is developed to address both issues by introducing PEG during the polymerization of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) via one step method using asymmetric mold. Both composition gradient and pore gradient are obtained in micro level along the thickness direction of the final hydrogel, while thin‐thickness gradient in macro level. The thickness gradient and water retention can be controllably adjusted by changing PEG concentration. The introduction of PEG effectively improves both responsive and non‐shrunken performance by the interaction with PNIPAm. The resultant anisotropic PNIPAm/PEG hydrogel respond quickly and reach maximum deformation (360°) within 10 s at low temperature (40 °C). The various 3D shape and biomimetic movement can be programmed by simply controlling the PEG concentration and mold shape. This strategy can provide new insights into the design intelligent soft materials with 3D morphing for bioinspired and biomedical applications.
Recent advances (2019–2021) of capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry for multilevel proteomics
Authors: Chen Daoyang , McCool Elijah N. , Yang Zhichang , Shen Xiaojing , Lubeckyj Rachele A. , Xu Tian , Wang Qianjie , Sun Liangliang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMultilevel proteomics aims to delineate proteins at the peptide (bottom‐up proteomics), proteoform (top‐down proteomics), and protein complex (native proteomics) levels. Capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry (CE‐MS) can achieve highly efficient separation and highly sensitive detection of complex mixtures of peptides, proteoforms, and even protein complexes because of its substantial technical progress. CE‐MS has become a valuable alternative to the routinely used liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry for multilevel proteomics. This review summarizes the most recent (2019–2021) advances of CE‐MS for multilevel proteomics regarding technological progress and biological applications. We also provide brief perspectives on CE‐MS for multilevel proteomics at the end, highlighting some future directions and potential challenges.
Autosomal dominant variants inFOXJ1causing primary ciliary dyskinesia in two patients with obstructive hydrocephalus
Authors: Shapiro Adam J. , Kaspy Kimberley , Daniels M. Leigh Ann , Stonebraker Jaclyn R. , Nguyen Van‐Hung , Joyal Lyne , Knowles Michael R. , Zariwala Maimoona A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a mostly autosomal recessive, genetic disease of abnormal motile cilia function, resulting in bronchiectasis, infertility, organ laterality defects, and chronic otolaryngology disease. Though motile, ependymal cilia influencing cerebrospinal fluid flow in the central nervous system share many aspects of structure and function with motile cilia in the respiratory tract, hydrocephalus is rarely associated with PCD. Recently, pathogenic variants inFOXJ1(Chr 17q25.1) were identified causing PCD associated with hydrocephalus, reduced respiratory cilia number, axonemal microtubule disorganization, and occurring in ade novo, autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.MethodTwo patients with chronic oto‐sino‐pulmonary disease and hydrocephalus underwent candidate testing ofFOXJ1. Coding region and splice junctions were sequenced and analyzed under the auspices of Genetic Disorders of Mucociliary Clearance Consortium.ResultsUpon sequencing of the entire coding region and splice‐junctions, heterozygous, pathogenic variants inFOXJ1were discovered in exon 3 of two patients: an 11‐month‐old female with situs inversus totalis (NM_001454.4: c.945delC (p.Phe315Leufs*18)) and a 51 year‐old male, post‐double lung transplantation (NM_001454.4: c.929_932delACTG (p.Asp310Glyfs*22)).FOXJ1variants were not detected in the available parents and the siblings of these probands.ConclusionFOXJ1pathogenic variants cause PCD in ade novo, autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, and are associated with hydrocephalus. Physicians treating patients with hydrocephalus and chronic oto‐sino‐pulmonary disease should be aware of this PCD association and test forFOXJ1variants.
Vitamin C Inhibits the Metabolic Changes Induced by Tet1 Insufficiency Under High Fat Diet Stress
Authors: Yuan Yangmian , Liu Chengyu , Chen Xingrui , Sun Yuyan , Xiong Mingrui , Fan Yu , Petersen Robert B. , Chen Hong , Huang Kun , Zheng Ling 
Published: June 2021

ScopeDNA methylation contributes to obesity, but the role of the DNA demethylase ten‐eleven translocation protein 1 (Tet1) in obesity remains unclear. Vitamin C is a cofactor for the Tet family of proteins, but whether vitamin C can be used to treat obesity via Tet1 awaits clarification.Methods and ResultsTet1+/+ and Tet1+/− mice are fed a high fat diet (HFD). Higher weight gain and more severe hepatic steatosis, accompanied by reduced 5‐hydromethylcytosine (5hmC) levels, are found in the white adipose tissue and liver of Tet1+/− mice. Accumulated lipids are observed in palmitic acid or oleic acid treated primary hepatocytes derived from Tet1+/− mice, which are rescued by Tet1 overexpression or vitamin C treatment. Bisulfite sequencing reveals higher DNA methylation levels on lipolysis related genes in the liver of Tet1+/− mice. Notably, oral intake of vitamin C normalizes DNA methylation levels, promotes lipolysis, and decreases obesity in HFD‐fed Tet1+/− mice.ConclusionsThe results reveal a novel function of Tet1 in obesity and provide a new mechanism for the beneficial role of vitamin C in metabolic diseases through enhanced Tet1 activity.
The effect of early cognitive training and rehabilitation for patients with cognitive dysfunction in stroke
Authors: Xuefang Liu , Guihua Wang , Fengru Miao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis article explores the effects of early cognitive training and rehabilitation for patients with cognitive dysfunction in stroke.MethodsStroke patients have cognitive dysfunction, and the incidence of cognitive dysfunction in stroke patients is six to nine times that of patients without stroke. This article selects 118 patients with stroke in our hospital from August 2017 to August 2019, 42 patients with stroke disorders randomly divided into two groups. Both groups of patients received conventional rehabilitation training, and the observation group performed motion observation therapy in virtual reality equipment based on conventional cognitive training. Analysis of time parameters related to rehabilitation training before and after treatment, and evaluation of standard health effects.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of treatment, the cognitive training time parameters of the two groups were compared. The cognitive reaction time was shorter than that before treatment. After treatment, the scores of cognitive training and rehabilitation effects were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the two scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group.ConclusionStroke patients receive early cognitive training with the support of computer‐assisted technology to obtain good rehabilitation results.
Recent progress in small‐molecule donors for non‐fullerene all‐small‐molecule organic solar cells
Authors: Zhang Ze , Wang Yaokun , Sun Chenkai , Liu Zitong , Wang Haiqiao , Xue Lingwei , Zhang Zhi‐Guo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAll‐small‐molecule organic solar cells (all‐SM OSCs), with p‐type small molecule (p‐SM) as donor and n‐type small molecule (n‐SM) as acceptor, have drawn intensive research interests in recent years. All‐SM OSCs show advantages to their polymer counterparts, including well‐defined chemical structure, easy purification, and better repeatability in devices. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all‐SM OSCs has increased quickly to over 15% nowadays. In this review, we just summarize the progress of non‐fullerene all‐SM OSCs (NF all‐SM OSCs) in recent five years, by dividing small‐molecule donors into four categories based on the molecular segments of oligothiophene, benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]dithiophene (BDT) trimer, typical BDT‐central unit connected with π‐bridges of thiophene or electron deficient acceptor units. We aim to illustrate the relationship of molecular structures, properties, and device performance of small‐molecule donors with those different molecular segments. Furthermore, the tendency of molecular design for photo‐active materials are also depicted and summarized. Finally, we give our views on the future prospects of NF all‐SM OSCs to design the next‐generation OSCs.
Changes in proportion of bachelor's nurses associated with improvements in patient outcomes
Authors: Lasater Karen B. , Sloane Douglas M. , McHugh Matthew D. , Porat‐Dahlerbruch Joshua , Aiken Linda H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study uses data from two cross‐sections in time (2006, 2016) to determine whether changes over time in hospital employment of bachelor's of science in nursing (BSN) nurses is associated with changes in patient outcomes. Data sources include nurse survey data, American Hospital Association Annual Survey data, and patient administrative claims data from state agencies in California, Florida, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. The study sample included general surgical patients aged 18–99 years admitted to one of the 519 study hospitals. Multilevel logistic regression and truncated negative binomial models were used to estimate the cross‐sectional and longitudinal effects of the proportion of hospital BSN nurses on patient outcomes (i.e., in‐hospital mortality, 7‐ and 30‐day readmissions, length of stay). Between 2006 and 2016, the average proportion of BSN nurses in hospitals increased from 41% to 56%. Patients in hospitals that increased their proportion of BSN nurses over time had significantly reduced odds of risk‐adjusted mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–0.98), 7‐day readmission (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94–0.99) and 30‐day readmission (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95–1.00), and shorter lengths of stay (incident rate ratio [IRR]: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97‐0.99). Longitudinal findings of an association between increased proportions of BSN nurses and improvements in patient outcomes corroborate previous cross‐sectional research, suggesting that a better educated nurse workforce may add value to hospitals and patients.
Afuzzyanalytical hierarchy process framework for stock selection in the Indian stock market
Authors: Jain Jinesh , Walia Nidhi , Gupta Sanjay , Aggarwal Kriti , Singh Simarjeet 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present study aims at ranking the various factors which affect the stock selection decisions of retail investors in the Indian stock market. Further, the research provides valuable insights into the different factors that affect the stock selection decisions of the equity investors. For this purpose, the data were collected from 168 retail equity investors dealing in the Indian Stock Market. “Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process” was applied to rank the various factors affecting the stock selection decision of Individual equity investors trading in the Indian Stock Market. The primary factors considered for the study are accounting information, ownership structure, company‐specific attributes, image of the company/board of directors, fundamentals of stock, trading opportunities, and sensitivity of stock and behavioral factors. The findings of the study revealed that behavioral factors, trading opportunities, and accounting information were the three most influential criteria. The five most influential sub‐criteriums were, “I invest in those stocks which are affordable in terms of price (C52),” “I invest in the company's stock based on the recent price movement of stock (C51),” “I select the stock based on the sensitivity of company's stock performance to overall market performance (C62),” “I invest in the stock based on the trend of major indices (C61),” and “I prefer to invest in stocks which are evaluated by well‐known experts (C80).” The present research has been carried out on a limited sample size which truly represented the total population; still, it is considered as the limitation of the study. The outcome of this research will provide investors with a better understanding of various factors that influence their stock selection decision. The study provides them a guideline on different factors; they should take into consideration, while undergoing the stock selection decision. The present research study enriches the literature on behavior finance from emerging markets.
Low‐frequency nanocomposite piezoelectric energy harvester with embedded zinc oxide nanowires
Authors: Meschino Mark , Wang Lingyun , Xu Haitong , Moradi‐Dastjerdi Rasool , Behdinan Kamran 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSweeping developments in microelectromechanical systems and low power electronics have pushed the need for piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs). Increasing environmental and biocompatibility issues have drawn interest in lead‐free piezoelectric materials. In this paper, cantilever‐type PEHs at centimeter scale have been proposed to harvest the energies of low‐frequency vibrations caused by a human's movements. The proposed PEHs are made of a passive PDMS substrate sandwiched between two active nanocomposite layers with embedded piezoelectric zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires. Moreover, two different morphologies including PEHs with constant and tapered thicknesses have been considered. The material properties of such piezoelectric nanocomposites are calculated by an electromechanical model. Afterward, these novel PEHs have been developed in COMSOL Multiphysics and their static and dynamic performances have been investigated. The static study shows that tapered PEHs endures lower stresses. However, the dynamic study discloses that the rectangular design outperforms the tapered one in electrical power and resonance frequency. It is found that the rectangular design can produce 4.1623 μW at the resonant frequency of 25.8 Hz.