bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La distorsión fenomenológica de la montaña. La atmósfera antifrágil en el Hormonorium de Décosterd&Rahm
Authors: Lomas Rodríguez Borja 
Published: February 2021

El mito de la montaña como un espacio espiritual y transcendente ha estado presente en infinidad de religiones, creencias y cosmogonías. La montaña ha servido como lugar privilegiado de encuentro entre lo terrenal y lo espiritual, y la arquitectura, desde sus orígenes a emulado esta condición heterotópica que representa el espacio sagrado. La atmósfera de la montaña contiene unas condiciones específicas de carácter fisicoquímico, que hacen que las vivencias y percepciones de los espacios a gran altitud adquieran una fenomenología propia. Mediante una mirada global capaz de interconectar comportamientos, eventos y atmósfera, se desprende lo que únicamente podemos establecer como una intuición: la relación entre las distorsiones fenomenológicas que genera el espacio de la montaña con la espiritualidad y el misticismo asociado a estos lugares. La reconstrucción de la atmósfera alpina en el Hormonorium, el pabellón suizo para la bienal de Venecia (2002) de Décosterd&Rahm, nos permite reflexionar sobre cuáles son las condiciones espaciales de las cumbres montañosas. La atmósfera de la montaña y el desorden hormonal que en ella se genera nos afecta fisiológicamente, produciendo no solamente reacciones físicas y que alteran el comportamiento de nuestro cuerpo, sino también, produce cambios en la actividad mental. De ahí que, la atmosfera de montaña reconstruida en el Hormonorium es una atmósfera antifrágil : un espacio que mejora con el desorden permite acoger lo indeterminado, crear nuevas reflexiones espaciales y generar múltiples posibilidades inesperadas.
The resolution property via Azumaya algebras
Authors: Mathur Siddharth 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Using formal-local methods, we prove that a separated and normal tame Artin surface has the resolution property. By proving that normal tame Artin stacks can be rigidified, we ultimately reduce our analysis to establishing the existence of Azumaya algebras. Our construction passes through the case of tame Artin gerbes, tame Artin curves, and algebraic space surfaces, each of which we establish independently.
Periodisation as an Approach in Historiographic Research in Mathematics Teaching: Reflections on Two Case Studies
Authors: Rosso Fernando Luis de , Huff Alexandre Ausani , Dal-Farra Rossano André , Bayer Arno 
Published: February 2021

Background: The study of the history of mathematics teaching can be approached from different perspectives, defining contours from which the researcher performs the analysis focused on a process characterised by continuity, or by adopting periodisation. Objective: In this article, we seek to conduct a study based on the delimitation of periods, according to Le Goff’s (2014) argument, and in the light of the depth hermeneutics, based on Thompson (2011). Design: Given the premises above, we conducted a documentary analysis of two historical processes within the scope of mathematics teaching, one focusing on the municipal public schools of Canoas, and the other on a technical course in chemistry of a school in the city of Novo Hamburgo, both in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Setting and participants: A timeline with conspicuous events used to periodicise both historical processes analysed by the authors. Data collection and analysis: Analysis of documents relevant to the history of the technical school investigated and education in the municipality of Canoas. Results: In both cases, it was possible to characterise the historical processes in periods based on events and official documents that generate changes in mathematics teaching. Conclusions: The historical processes analysed are characterised by ruptures resulting from changes, especially in the legislation, both in the municipal public network and in the technical education institution researched, enabling the realisation of changes and the characterisation of distinct periods, with their nuances.
Forecasting Induced Earthquake Hazard Using a Hydromechanical Earthquake Nucleation Model
Authors: Rubinstein Justin L. , Barbour Andrew J. , Norbeck Jack H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn response to the dramatic increase in earthquake rates in the central United States, the U.S Geological Survey began releasing 1 yr earthquake hazard models for induced earthquakes in 2016. Although these models have been shown to accurately forecast earthquake hazard, they rely purely on earthquake statistics because there was no precedent for forecasting induced earthquakes based upon wastewater injection data. Since the publication of these hazard models, multiple physics-based methods have been proposed to forecast earthquake rates using injection data. Here, we use one of these methods to generate earthquake hazard forecasts. Our earthquake hazard forecasts are more accurate than statistics-based hazard forecasts. These results imply that fluid injection data, where and when available, and the physical implications of fluid injection should be included in future induced earthquake hazard forecasts.
Tests of Remote Dynamic Aftershock Triggering by Small Mainshocks Using Taiwan’s Earthquake Catalog
Authors: Peng Wei , Toda Shinji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To understand earthquake interaction and forecast time-dependent seismic hazard, it is essential to determine which static or dynamic stress change due to a mainshock plays a major role in triggering its aftershocks and subsequent mainshocks. Using small mainshocks (2≤M&lt;3) and their aftershocks, Felzer and Brodsky (2006) argued that mainshock induced dynamic stress change is responsible for earthquake triggering in a form of power-law decay within 50 km. Richards-Dinger et al. (2010), however, studied the foreshock decay and claimed that mainshock had no effect at distances outside its static stress triggering range, which required an alternative explanation. We tested these hypotheses using Taiwan’s earthquake catalog by taking advantage of its lack of large events and the absence of active volcano and associated significant seismic swarm. In examining earthquakes occurring in 1994–2010, following Felzer and Brodsky’s method, we found a linear aftershock density with a power-law decay of −1.12±0.38 that is very similar to the one seen in Felzer and Brodsky (2006). None of the mainshock–aftershock pairs were associated with an M 7 rupture event or M 6 event. We further demonstrated that the density decay in a short time period is more likely a randomized behavior than mainshock–aftershock triggering. These pairs were located mostly in high geothermal gradient areas, which are probably triggered by a small-scale aseismic process.
Organ donation perception and beliefs: a cross sectional study amongst degree college students and teachers in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Sodhani Shreya , Bhate Kamaxi 
Published: February 2021

Background: Studies have shown that there is a lack of understanding about deceased organ donation. An adequate knowledge and the right attitude towards organ donation helps create a positive influence on people which may increase the organ donation rate. Since young students are less prejudiced and easily accept new ideas, it is necessary to educate the youth about organ donation through their teachers. At the same time, it is imperative to train teachers who will be responsible for spreading awareness so that they can include this topic in their lessons.Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted among the degree college teachers and students in Mumbai city from November 2017- January 2018, after obtaining the institutional ethical approval and written informed consent. Using purposive sampling, teachers and students of degree colleges in Mumbai were approached, out of which 40 students and 40 teachers consented to participate in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the pre-existing understanding, beliefs, perception and attitude about deceased organ donation. Results: Limited number of degree college teachers and students were aware of the various terminologies related to organ donation. Organ donation definition was correctly answered by 23 teachers (57.5%) and 17 students (42.5%). The correct meaning of brainstem death was known to 19 teachers (47.5%) and 2 students (5%). There are certain misconceptions and perceptions about deceased organ donation among both the teachers and the students. 13 teachers (32.5%) and 16 students (40%) believed that donor family will be revealed about the recipient’s details. 7 teachers (17.5%) and 18 students (45%) were of the opinion that government provides monetary support to donor families. decision of organ donation after death rests on relatives was known to 33 teachers (82.5%) and 21 students (52.5%). About 6 teachers (15%) and 18 students (45%) wrongly believed that if conflicts arise between relatives’ organs can still be donated. There’s no possibility of buying /selling of organs in India was known 27 teachers (67.5%) and 31 students (77.5%). About 34 teachers (85%) and 31 students (77.5%) wanted to pledge for organ donation after death. 90% teachers and 80% students said they think deceased organ donation awareness should be incorporated in the education curriculum.Conclusions: 85% of the study subjects (both teachers and students) felt the need of intensifying organ donation awareness programmes. Thus, organ donation awareness should be effectively incorporated in the educational curriculum.
Correlation of severity of dengue with serum aminotransferase levels
Authors: Javed Syed , Singh Prabhat , Paliwal Sanjay Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Background: In dengue, association of fever (most common presenting symptom) with hepatic involvement can be relatively more serious. Such patients may have raised serum aminotransferase levels as well as can be more prone to bleeding due to deranged liver functions. Thus, the present study was conducted with an objective to correlate these enzyme levels with the severity of dengue fever.Methods: This prospective, observational study was carried out for 1.5 years at a tertiary care teaching hospital in southern Rajasthan after ethics committee approval. Those patients diagnosed with dengue, admitted at this tertiary centre, aged 18 years and above and willing to give consent for participation, were included in the study. Patients were assessed for clinical features of dengue along with both laboratory and radiological investigations. Severity of dengue was correlated with aminotransferase levels. Data analysis was carried out using appropriate statistical tests.Results: Total 200 patients were analysed. Mean age was 36.92±14 years while male: female ratio was 1.23:1 in the study population. All patients (100%) had fever whereas shock and bleeding tendency were noted in 16 (8%) and 4 (2%) patients respectively. Majority 130 (65%) patients had moderate dengue. Raised aminotransferase levels were noted in approximately 65% study patients out of which nearly 40% patients had moderate dengue. Correlation of raised aminotransferase levels with thrombocytopenia, shock, bleeding tendency were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Serum aminotransferase levels were elevated in moderate dengue patients. However, there was no significant correlation of raised enzyme levels with thrombocytopenia, presence of shock and bleeding tendency or as the severity of dengue increases. Thus, it is quite subjective whether to predict severity of dengue from raised enzyme levels or not.
Distribution of interstitial lung diseases in a tertiary care centre of South India
Authors: Vemuri Mahesh Babu , Rajaram Manju , Mohapatra Madhusmita Mohanty , Vijayageetha Mathavaswami , Negi V. S. , Adithan Subathra , Chtoi Pampa , Chandran B. V. Sai , M. Ravindrachari 
Published: February 2021

Background: The term interstitial lung diseases (ILD) refer to a broad category of lung diseases rather than a specific disease entity. True prevalence of ILD is difficult to estimate and it may vary according to the geography, environment, occupation etc. Aim and objectives were to find out the distribution of interstitial lung disease (ILD) subtypes in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted between August 2016 and November 2018 in a tertiary care centre in Puducherry, South India. Baseline demographic details, clinical symptoms, signs, radiological findings (chest radiograph and HRCT), pathological findings, and physiological findings were taken into consideration and diagnosis of type of interstitial lung disease was made using multidisciplinary discussion. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 19.0 version.Results: A total of 150 patients were recruited of which 70.5% were females. Most common ILD subtype in our study was connective tissue disease associated ILD – 97 patients (65%) followed by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)–31 patients (22%). Most common type of CTD ILD observed in our study was progressive systemic sclerosis (46%) followed by mixed connective tissue disease (24%). The most common HRCT finding was NSIP pattern and most commonly observed physiological abnormality was moderate restriction and moderate diffusion impairment. Conclusions: Connective tissue disease-associated ILD was the most common ILD found in our study amongst south Indian population. This suggests that the distribution of ILD would vary depending on the geographical area and the environmental exposure which was in contrast with the Indian ILD registry.
Analysis of outcome of percutaneous versus open pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of thoraco-lumbar spine fractures: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Kumar Raj , Sarkar Bhaskar , Ifthekar Syed , Mittal Samarth , Kandwal Pankaj , Azam Quamar 
Published: February 2021

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness between percutaneous and open pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures with spinal injury.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective comparative study including thirty patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were equally divided into an open pedicle screw fixation (OPSF) group and a percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) group. Demographic characteristics, clinical and radiological outcomes, and adverse events were assessed and compared between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Demographic and clinical features including age, gender, fracture level, mechanism of injury and neurological status in both groups were not significantly different (all p&gt;0.05). The PPSF group exhibits significantly lower operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospital stay compared with the OPSF group (all p&lt;0.05). There was no significant difference in the sagittal Cobb′s angle (CA), fracture vertebral body angle (VBA), anterior vertebral body height (AVBH) on pre-operative, immediate post-operative and final follow up between the two surgical techniques (all p&gt;0.05). Visual analogue scale (VAS) remarkably decreased in both groups after surgery but difference was not statically significant (p=0.808). Common postoperative complications in both groups were superficial infections, pressure ulcer and urinary tract infection (UTI) worsening. Hardware failure was seen only in one case of PPSF group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures can be effectively managed with PPSF/OPSF. There were no significant differences in radiological and clinical outcomes and post-op complications between 2 groups but blood loss, operative time and hospitalization stay were less in percutaneous group, which may represent a potential benefit.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Cervical edema after anterior cervical fusion, a rare but potentially fatal complication: a case report
Authors: João Vale , Rui Pereira , Pedro Bem , Sara Diniz , Miguel Pereira , Pedro Neves 
Published: February 2021

<p>Anterior approaches to the cervical spine can be performed for spine decompression and instrumentation in many pathologic conditions. Cervical spine surgeries complicate in 5.3% of cases, with anterior procedures representing 65% of them. Airway compromise requiring tracheostomy or reintubation is rare but may lead to potentially catastrophic complications. There are several causes for airway compromise, including post-operative cervical swelling or hematoma, pharyngeal edema, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, angioedema, and graft or implant displacement. We present a case of a 57-year-old male with chronic neck and left radicular pain. He was submitted to C5-C6 anterior cervical disc fusion that was complicated with airway compromise in the orthopedics ward. The patient required emergent reintubation for airway protection, wound exploration and intensive care. Hematoma is often the first diagnosis to consider in the immediate postoperative period. A low threshold for intubation should be maintained. After airway protection, it is essential to differentiate etiologies, to guide subsequent management.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Variação no Português Tikuna: um estudo com base na concordância verbal de primeira pessoa e de /s/ em posição de onset
Authors: Pessoa dos Santos Bonifácio Ligiane 
Published: February 2021

neste artigo, apresentamos um estudo da variação no Português Tikuna, com base na análise das variáveis sociais e linguísticas no uso de um fenômeno morfossintático e um fonético. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar quais fatores sociais e linguísticos estariam condicionando a variação quanto ao uso da concordância na primeira pessoa do singular (P1) e ao uso de /s/ em posição de onset. O arcabouço teórico fundamenta-se no campo da Sociolinguística e do Contato Linguístico, a partir de trabalhos como os de Weinreich (1953), Chambers (2003) Wolfram (1969), Romaine (1978), Trudgill (1972), Tarallo (2007) entre outros. Os dados referentes aos falantes foram coletados por meio de gravações em áudio e vídeo com vinte e três professores Tikuna. A análise dos dados é feita em termos de frequência e utiliza o método quali-quantitativo, uma vez que, a partir do corpus da pesquisa, há a sistematização e análise estatística das informações, seguindo-se a análise descritiva. O registro e a análise desses fenômenos variáveis têm a intenção de contribuir para a descrição do português falado na região norte do Brasil
Caminhos para as línguas na fronteira: Políticas Linguísticas no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Luana Ferreira 
Published: February 2021

<p>O presente artigo tem como objetivo trazer algumas considerações sobre as políticas públicas voltadas para as línguas em contexto de fronteira no Brasil, por meio da análise de leis e projetos desenvolvidos pelo Estado nos últimos anos, como o Programa Escolas Interculturais de Fronteira (PEIF), entre os anos de 2005 e 2015, em convênio entre o Ministério da Educação do Brasil e a Secretaria Educativa do Mercosul. Sob a ótica da Política Linguística e estudos realizados por pesquisadores como Calvet (2002), Oliveira (2016), Sagaz (2013), Berger (2015) e Paz (2016), pretende-se pensar a importância do planejamento linguístico e a posta em prática de políticas que visem a preservação das línguas e a difusão do plurilinguismo no contexto fronteiriço. <strong></strong></p>
O campo semântico “jogos e diversões infantis” na região norte do Brasil: uma descrição geossociolinguística
Authors: Ferreira Josevaldo Alves 
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho pretende mapear a produção lexical do campo semântico “Jogos e Brincadeiras Infantis” em seis estados da região norte do Brasil – Pará, Amapá, Amazonas, Rondônia, Acre e Tocantins – os quais fazem parte da rede de pontos do projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB) e, desse modo, fazer uma análise comparativa entre os dados urbanos (capitais) e rurais (interior), assim como observar subáreas geográficas onde ocorram itens lexicais comuns. A metodologia seguida observará os preceitos advindos da dialetologia pluridimensional utilizada por Thun (1998), assim como as contribuições feitas por pesquisadores da área como Cardoso (2010) e Razky (2013). Os resultados serão apresentados por meio de cartas linguísticas, que demonstrem a variação lexical dos itens pesquisados do ponto de vista diatópico, e de gráficos que apresentem a variação diastrática (idade e sexo). Os dados analisados na pesquisa fazem parte do acervo do projeto ALiB e foram coletados em 23 localidades dos estados acima mencionados considerando falantes de ambos os sexos, de duas faixas etárias de idade (18 a 30 e 50 a 65 anos de idade), com nível fundamental incompleto de educação. Os resultados evidenciam que o campo semântico analisado não apresenta grandes diferenças lexicais entre as capitais e as cidades do interior mas apontam para a existência de duas subáreas que apresentam características lexicais comuns a essas subáreas. Outrossim, a variação diagenérica mostra pouca variação entre homens e mulheres no campo semântico observado. Quanto à idade, verifica-se certo conservadorismo nos falantes mais velhos, os quais preferem os usos lexicais mais peculiar na região norte.
An updated systematic review on the effectivity of clear aligner therapy
Authors: Mortazavi Mahsa , Naeim Mana , Badri Amirali , Sharifi Reza , Hasheminasab Mahboube 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Several studies have evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of Orthodonthic aligners however, the results are still uncertain. In the current study, we aimed to systematically review the literature and provide updates on the efficacy and effectivity of orthodontic therapy using aligners.
Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Oral Health Group’s Trials Register databases were systematically searched for relevant literature up to December 2020. All studies reporting aligner therapy in management of dental misalignment were included. The quality was assessed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) criteria and Jadad scale for randomized controlled trials.
Results: Of the initial 550 articles, 18 studies were ultimately included representing a total of 637 patients who were treated with clear aligners. Of the 18 studies, 15 had a retrospective design, one was an observational study, one was conducted as a prospective clinical trial, and one study was a randomized controlled trial. Due to the design and methodology of the studies the quality assessment revealed a high risk of bias. Significant diversity among the outcomes of the studies was observed; however, an underlying consistency was detected within the included studies with regards to the effectivity of aligner therapy in alignment of the anterior teeth, while the pretreatment predictive rates were not significantly different to treatment outcomes. In addition, despite comparable treatment outcomes between aligner therapy and conventional appliance technique, aligner therapy resulted in increased rates of patient satisfaction.
Conclusion: Aligner therapy seems to be a viable alternative to conventional orthodontic therapy for correction of mild to moderate malocclusions in non-growing nonextraction patients. However, it should be taken into consideration that due to the high risk of bias, results should be interpreted with caution.