bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A LoRaWAN monitoring system for large buildings based on embedded edge computing in indoor environment
Authors: Li Wei , Shen Guanxi , Zhang Jingfang , Liu Dong , Choi Chang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAt present, the influence of the surrounding environment on the health of humans is attracting increasing attention, and the indoor environment plays a significant role in people's health. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively monitor indoor environments in real time. With the increase of end‐devices, the rapid growth of data is exerting a pressure on the network bandwidth. To solve this problem, a LoRaWAN monitoring system for indoor environments based on embedded edge computing is proposed here. A hardware architecture of end‐devices and the workflow of the LoRaWAN gateway are designed. In the gateway, edge computing is applied to manage the integrated access device and clean data. The experimental results show that the data reduction rate increased obviously after using edge computing. The environmental data can be transmitted in real time, and the communication efficiency of the system can be improved.
Bachman's Sparrow survival and nest predation response to a hardwood canopy reduction experiment
Authors: Malone Kristen M. , Terhune Theron M. , Sieving Kathryn E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhere historical fire regimes have been disrupted, reduction in woody vegetation is often used to maintain or restore habitat for grassland and early successional birds. In pine savanna ecosystems of the southeastern USA, mechanical hardwood canopy reduction can restore pine savanna communities and is often employed on privately owned lands to improve habitat for the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), although scant empirical evidence exists of its effects on target or non‐target species. We measured the response of a pine savanna specialist, the Bachman's Sparrow (Peucaea aestivalis), to large‐scale hardwood reduction in a before–after–control–impact design on two properties where two‐year fire‐return intervals were established and the Bachman's Sparrow population was stable. We investigated the effects of mechanical hardwood reduction on Bachman's Sparrow daily nest survival, cause‐specific nest mortality and adult male annual survival. During the four‐year study, we monitored 107 Bachman's Sparrow nests, recorded 49 nest predation events, and banded 113 adult male Bachman's Sparrows. We found Bachman's Sparrow nest and adult survival were resilient to changes in the hardwood canopy and did not differ significantly between treatment and control sites. Average annual adult male survival was 0.41 (0.32–0.52) and daily survival rate of nests with surveillance declined annually from 0.94 (0.92–0.96) to 0.88 (0.83–0.92). The identity of predators at nests was dominated by two snake species, black racer (Coluber constrictor) and corn snake (Pantherophis guttata). We found evidence for opposing treatment effects on the frequency of nest depredations by the dominant species; racers responded positively and corn snakes responded negatively. Our results suggest a moderate midstory canopy does not limit Bachman's Sparrow vital rates when management includes frequent prescribed fire. Our results also suggest hardwood reduction to mitigate nest predation may be complicated with a diverse predator suite.
Outcomes among acute heart failure emergency department patients by preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Sax Dana R. , Rana Jamal S. , Mark Dustin G. , Huang Jie , Collins Sean P. , Liu Dandan , Storrow Alan B. , Reed Mary E. ,   KP CREST Network
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to assess short‐term outcomes among emergency department (ED) patients with acute heart failure (AHF) by preserved (≥50%) vs. reduced (<50%) ejection fraction (EF).Methods and resultsWe conducted a retrospective, multicentre study of adult ED patients with AHF from 2017 to 2018 in an integrated healthcare system with 21 hospitals. Among patients with known EF, our primary outcome was 30 day all‐cause mortality, comparing patients with heart failure with preserved EF (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF), adjusted for known risk factors. We ran separate multivariate regression models to compare 30 day mortality between HFpEF and HFrEF patients stratified by ED disposition (admit, observe, and discharge). Our secondary outcomes were adjusted 30 day all‐cause return hospital admission and rates of non‐fatal serious adverse events, including new intra‐aorta balloon pump, endotracheal intubation, renal failure requiring dialysis, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization. We conducted a sensitivity analysis among patients with EF ≤ 40% and compared our primary and secondary outcomes among patients with EF ≤ 40% with those with EF ≥ 50%. Among the 26 050 total ED encounters for AHF, 15 275 (58.6%) had known EF and 62.4% had HFpEF. The mean age was 76, 49.6% were women, and 60.5% were white. We found that 62.4% of patients were admitted, 18.3% were observed, and 19.3% were discharged from the ED. The 30 day all‐cause mortality rate was lowest among discharged patients (3.9%), intermediate among observed patients (5.9%), and highest among admitted patients (13.9%). Overall, the adjusted 30 day mortality rate was significantly higher among HFpEF patients compared with HFrEF patients (10.2% vs. 8.4%, P = 0.0004). HFpEF patients had higher mortality regardless of ED disposition, although the difference was only significant among admitted patients. The adjusted 30 day return hospital admission rates were not significantly different between HFpEF and HFrEF patients (17.9% vs. 17.8%, P = 0.89). The adjusted 30 day non‐fatal serious adverse event rates were significantly higher among HFrEF patients compared with HFpEF patients (13.7% vs. 11.1%, P < 0.0001), driven by myocardial infarction and coronary revascularization. We found that 3692 patients had EF ≤ 40%. Patients with EF ≥ 50% had significantly higher adjusted 30 day mortality rates compared with those with EF ≤ 40% (10.2% vs. 8.4%, P < 0.05).ConclusionIn a contemporary population, almost three quarters of ED patients with AHF and known EF have HFpEF. These patients have higher 30 day adjusted mortality compared with those with HFrEF. Further studies might evaluate the underlying factors associated with this difference and target interventions to improve outcomes.
Epinephrine administration in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients is associated with mortality: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Massart Nicolas , Mansour Alexandre , Ross James T. , Ecoffey Claude , Aninat Caroline , Verhoye Jean‐Philippe , Launey Yoann , Tadie Jean‐Marc , Auffret Vincent , Flecher Erwan , Nesseler Nicolas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsKnowledge about the impact of epinephrine on the outcome in venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients is limited, and existing data are conflicting.Methods and resultsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study in a 1500 bed tertiary university hospital. Five hundred and eighty‐nine VA‐ECMO patients were analysed. The median age was 57 years [47–65], 68% of male. The major indications for ECMO were post‐cardiotomy cardiogenic shock (CS) (38%) and medical CS (36%). Two hundred and sixty‐two (44.5%) patients received epinephrine alone or associated with another catecholamine while on ECMO. Baseline factors significantly associated with epinephrine administration were younger age, higher sequential organ failure assessment score, cardiac arrest at implantation, and intra‐aortic balloon pump support at implantation, whereas medical CS and dobutamine administration were significantly associated with a lower risk of epinephrine administration. Epinephrine administration was independently associated with death [hazard ratio = 1.68 (1.44–2.23); P < 0.01]. A sensitivity analysis with propensity score inverse probability weighting in complete cases confirmed a significant association of epinephrine administration with death [hazard ratio = 1.69 (1.43–2.00); P < 0.001].ConclusionsAmong patients who required VA‐ECMO, epinephrine administration was associated with an increased risk for death.
Emissive Platforms Employing NaYF4‐based Upconverting Nanoparticles and Mesoporous Metal Oxide Thin Films
Authors: Fernanda Torresan M. , Morrone Josefina , Sorbello Cecilia , Etchenique Roberto , Angelomé Paula C. , Wolosiuk Alejandro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present the design and synthesis of a novel optically transparent platform based on the combination of NaYF4: Er3+, Yb3+ upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) and mesoporous metal oxide thin films (MOTFs). The UCNP were obtained by the thermolysis method and were deposited onto a glass substrate by spin coating. The MOTFs (TiO2, ZrO2 and SiO2), prepared by the combination of the sol‐gel approach and the self‐assembly of surfactants, were subsequently deposited on top of the particles giving rise to an ultrathin composite. The characterization of the obtained composite films indicates that they blend the properties of both starting materials: they exhibit upconverting properties, as they are capable of emitting visible light when irradiated in the NIR region, and the MOTFs deposited on top provide an ordered array of mesopores with highly accessible porosity. As the UCNPs emission properties depend on their surrounding temperature, the composite films were tested for temperature sensing applications, using both emission intensity and lifetimes of different signals, with promising results.
Studies Toward the Total Synthesis of Schinortriterpenoids: Diastereoselective Synthesis of the Left‐Hand Fragment
Authors: Yagita Ryotaro , Irie Kazuhiro , Tsukano Chihiro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSchinortriterpenoids, such as pre‐schisanartanin A and arisanlactone C, are complex and highly oxygenated polycyclic terpenes. In this study, the left‐hand fragment of this class terpenes, which possesses oxygen‐functionality at C19, was synthesized through [3+2] cycloaddition with excellent diastereoselectivity. This stereoselectivity was investigated by computational studies. Further selective transformation provided a tricyclic skeleton with the desired stereochemistry.
Stereoselective methadone disposition after administration of racemic methadone to anesthetized Shetland ponies assessed by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Sandbaumhüter Friederike A. , Gittel Claudia , Larenza‐Menzies M. Paula , Theurillat Regula , Thormann Wolfgang , Braun Christina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe enantioselectivity of the pharmacokinetics of methadone was investigated in anesthetized Shetland ponies after a single intravenous (0.5 mg/kg methadone hydrochloride; n = 6) or constant rate infusion (0.25 mg/kg bolus followed by 0.25 mg/kg/h methadone hydrochloride; n = 3) administration of racemic methadone. Plasma concentrations of l‐methadone and d‐methadone and their major metabolites, l‐ and d‐2‐ethylidene‐1,5‐dimethyl‐3,3‐diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP), respectively, were analyzed by CE with highly sulfated γ‐cyclodextrin as chiral selector and electrokinetic analyte injection from liquid/liquid extracts prepared at alkaline pH. In both trials, the d‐methadone concentrations were lower than those of l‐methadone and the d‐EDDP levels were lower than those of L‐EDDP. For the case of a single intravenous bolus injection, the plasma concentration versus time profile of methadone enantiomers was analyzed with a two‐compartment pharmacokinetic model. l‐methadone showed a slower elimination rate constant, a lower body clearance, and a smaller steady‐state volume of distribution than d‐methadone. d‐methadone and d‐EDDP were eliminated faster than their respective l‐enantiomers. This is the first study that outlines that the disposition of racemic methadone administered to anesthetized equines is enantioselective.
Sulfonation mechanisms of aromatic polymers for PEMFC applications
Authors: Hu Yidong , Yan Liuming , Yue Baohua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe sulfonated aromatic polymers are competitive proton conducting materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells because of their relatively low costs and adequate performances compared with the perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomers. These polymeric materials can be economically synthesized by the sulfonation of existing aromatic polymers; however, the inadequate sulfonation degree has prevented the further optimization of their overall performances. In order to improve the overall performances of sulfonated aromatic polymeric proton conducting materials, the sulfonation mechanisms of typical aromatic polymers, including bisphenol A type polysulfone (BPA‐PSF), 4,4’‐biphenol type polysulfone (44BP‐PSF), poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), and poly(ether sulfone) (PES), are studied in terms of transition states and activation energies using density functional theory calculations with satisfactory results. It is concluded that the sulfonations are favored at the ortho‐position of direct arylene‐arylene linkage and ether bond linkage, but retarded by the bulky sulfonyl linkage, dimethyl methylene linkage, and carbonyl linkage. It is also concluded that the solvation effect from polar solvent reduces the activation barrier more efficiently than that from nonpolar solvent.
Coupled effect of multislips and activation energy in a micropolar nanoliquid on a convectively heated elongated surface
Authors: Katam Malleswari , Ganganapalli Sarojamma , Kata Sreelakshmi , Rayanki Vijayalakshmi , Panyam Venkata Satya Narayana , Kuppalapalle Vajravelu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis research communication explores the impact of wall slips along with the suspension of nanomaterials in a chemically reactive micropolar liquid stream on a stretched surface with convective heating. Activation of energy is analyzed through the modified Arrhenius function. Radiative heat flux with nonlinearity and temperature‐dependent thermal source (sink) are considered in the heat transmission process. The Cattaneo–Christov approach featuring the time of thermal relaxation is employed. Successive application of scaling analysis followed by the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg numerical approach delivered computational solutions for the partial differential equations delineating the problem under study. The response of flow variables for different values of various emerged physical variables is elaborated in detail via graphical and numerical presentations. Comparison of the outcome of the current analysis for certain cases is in accordance with the outcomes available in the literature. The findings reveal that pairs of velocity, microrotation, temperature, and species concentration oppositely reacted to both parameters of slip. The temperature of the nanofluid is improved by 18.5%, for specified values of radiation and temperature ratio parameters over that of the pure base liquid. Activation energy augments concentration. The drag coefficient declines with growing thermal and solutal Grashof numbers. Sherwood number is enhanced for higher values of the temperature difference and chemical reaction parameters.
Key Issues of Organizational Structure and Processes with Feature‐based Product Line Engineering
Authors: Bolander William J. , Clements Paul C. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTFeature‐Based Product Line Engineering (PLE) is a well‐known approach for efficiently engineering product lines, which numerous case studies have shown to yield substantial benefits in cost, quality, and time to market. This article presents an approach for a necessary ingredient of successful PLE: Handling the temporal dimension, which is concerned with managing artifacts as they change and evolve. The approach relies on a foundation of proven traditional change control techniques but shows how they apply in the context of Feature‐Based PLE.
A comparative study on fabrication techniques of gelable bone matrix derived from porcine tibia
Authors: Li Wuwei , Wang Feilong , Barnett Cleon , Wang Bo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecently, several types of native tissues have been enzymatically digested to prepare hydrogels that have natural‐mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, architecture, and biologic activities. However, the residual detergents and salts remaining in the hydrogel may cause some undesirable effects on compatibility, functionality, and bioactivity of the material. In this study, we enzymatically digested the demineralized and decellularized bone matrix (DDBM) and adopted two common methods that included dialysis against distilled water and acetone precipitation for sample desalting. Efficiency in salt removal, protein preservation, gelation ability, and in vivo biocompatibility and function were compared to the DDBM digest without a desalting treatment. After lyophilization, the dialyzed, precipitated, and non‐desalted DDBM digests all exhibited cotton‐like texture and were water‐soluble; however, only the precipitated DDBM digest could be gelled. We also found that the method of acetone precipitation could effectively remove salt from the DDBM digest while preserving of multiple proteins from the native bone and internal porous structure. A total of 57 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry in the precipitated DDBM digest and the majority of these proteins are critical to overall protein assembly, scaffold structure and stability, and cell‐activities. Additionally, the precipitated DDBM digest possessed enhanced biocompatibility and osteointegration in repairing a cranial bone defect in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat. In conclusion, the soluble, biodegradable, and biocompatible natures of the precipitated DDBM digest allow its usage in bone tissue engineering as a protein carrier because of its resemblance to native bone‐like protein composite and operative flexibility.
Barnyard grass [Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.) Beauv] leaves extract against tomato pests
Authors: Castrosanto Melvin A , Alvarez Michael Russelle , Salamanez Kevin C , Nacario Ruel C , Completo Gladys C 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDTomato is one of the widely cultivated crops worldwide that is affected by several pests, such as fungi (Fusarium oxysoporum, Alternaria solani), bacteria (Pectobacterium carotovorum) and weeds (Cyperus iria L., Amaranthus spinosus). A growing interest has emerged for developing plant‐derived pesticidal compounds to counteract these pests. One attractive alternative is to use barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus‐galli), known to be widely resistant to synthetic herbicides, as a potential biopesticide compound source.RESULTSPhytochemical screening of the crude extract showed that phenolic compounds were the most abundant component present in barnyard grass. The crude extract was evaluated for antifungal, antibacterial and herbicidal activities. Bioassays showed inhibition against F. oxysporum (10.73 ± 1.30%) and A. solani (20.47 ± 3.51%), the causative agent of Fusarium rot and early blight disease in tomato, respectively. Antibacterial activity against P. carotovorum gave a mean zone of inhibition (paper disc diffusion assay) of 17.00 ± 1.00 mm and an IC50 (dose–response assay) of 2.26 mg mL−1 was observed. Dose–responsive herbicidal activity on the lettuce seed germination bioassay produced an IC50 of 459.30 ppm. Selectivity studies showed inhibition towards C. iria and A. spinosus with no effect on tomato. Lastly, bioassay‐guided fractionation coupled with untargeted metabolomics studies using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection–tandem mass spectrometry mass analyses revealed loliolide and tricin as the putative metabolites present in barnyard grass.CONCLUSIONTo date, this is the first reported study on using barnyard grass as a potential alternative biopesticide against tomato pests such as fungi, bacteria and weeds. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Statin Therapy and the Incidence of Thromboembolism and Vascular Events Following Liver Transplantation
Authors: Frasco Peter E. , Aqel Bashar , Alvord Jeremy M. , Poterack Karl A. , Bauer Isabel , Mathur Amit K. 
Published: May 2021

Statin therapy may reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which may impact solid organ transplant outcomes. We evaluated the incidence of VTE and other complications after liver transplantation stratified by hyperlipidemia status and statin use using a retrospective cohort study approach. We reviewed all primary orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) records from January 2014 to December 2019 from our center. Intraoperative deaths were excluded. Recipient, donor clinical and demographic data were collected. We developed risk‐adjusted models to assess the effect of statin use on the occurrence of VTE, hepatic artery complications (HACs), graft failure, and death, accounting for clinical covariates and competing risks. A total of 672 OLT recipients were included in the analysis. Of this cohort, 11.9% (n = 80) received statin therapy. A total of 47 patients (7.0%) had VTE events. HACs occurred in 40 patients (6.0%). A total of 42 (6.1%) patients experienced graft loss, whereas 9.1% (n = 61) of the cohort died during the study interval. Eighty OLT recipients (29.8%) were treated with statins. In the statin treated group, 0% of patients had VTE versus 7.9% of those not on statins (P = 0.02). HACs were identified in 1.2% of the statin group and 6.8% of the nonstatin group. Untreated hyperlipidemia was associated with a 2.1‐fold higher risk of HACs versus patients with no hyperlipidemia status (P = 0.05). Statin therapy was associated with significantly better risk‐adjusted thromboembolic event‐free survival (absence of VTE, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, HACs, and death); hazard ratio, 2.7; P = 0.01. These data indicate that statin therapy is correlated with a lower rate of VTE and HACs after liver transplantation.
Cancer‐Cell‐Derived Hybrid Vesicles from MCF‐7 and HeLa Cells for Dual‐Homotypic Targeting of Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Song Jihyeon , Jung Heesun , You Gayeon , Mok Hyejung 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHere, as a proof of concept, hybrid vesicles (VEs) are developed from two types of cancer cells, MCF‐7 and HeLa, for the dual targeting of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) to cancer cells via homotypic interactions. Hybrid VEs with a size of 181.8 ± 28.2 nm and surface charge of −27.8 ± 1.9 mV are successfully prepared by the fusion of MCF‐7 and HeLa VEs, as demonstrated by the fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. The hybrid VEs exhibit enhanced intracellular uptake both in MCF‐7 and HeLa cells. Dox‐encapsulated hybrid VEs (Dox–hybrid VEs) also exhibit promising anticancer and antiproliferative activities against MCF‐7/multidrug‐resistant cells and HeLa cells. In addition, compared to free Dox, the Dox–hybrid VEs exhibit low intracellular uptake and reduced cytotoxicity for RAW264.7 cells. Thus, hybrid VEs with dual‐targeting activity toward two types of cancer cells may be useful for the specific targeting of anticancer drugs for improved anticancer effects with reduced nonspecific toxicity.