bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Study of Supraglottic Carcinoma of Larynx
Authors: Alam Md Monsur , Hossain Md Zakir , Khan Mohd Shamim Bin Shaid 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Incidence of supraglottic carcinoma is more common which may be related to poor nutrition with personal habit like smoking and chewing habit of betel leaves with various ingredient.
Objectives: To find out the incidence, age and sex distribution, occupation and clinical presentation of supraglottic carcinoma of larynx.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 30 patients of supraglottic carcinoma are collected from department of ENT and Head-Neck surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka from July 2012 to July 2013.
Results: Patients belongs to different age groups, ranging from 40 to 80 years and maximum patients are in 50 to 60 years of age. The male to female ratio is 5:1. In this series, majority of patients are smoker (66.66%). Most of them are from low socio-economic group. The incidence of lymph node involvement is 40% (12 cases). Maximum number of patients presents with exophytic lesion (60%). Ulcerative lesions are 26.66% and infiltrative lesions are 13.33%. Maximum numbers of patients have T2 lesions (80%). T1 lesions are 20%. In this study all cases are histopathologically confirmed to be squamous cell carcinoma (100%). In this study, all cases are M0 state.
Conclusion: Supraglottic carcinoma occurs between 40-80 years of age, more common in 5th and 6th decades. Chewing betel nut and tobacco should be avoided to reduce the risk of supraglottic carcinoma and early presentation & diagnosis will improve the prognosis of patients.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 224-226
Hyperuricemia and Gout – Ins and Out
Authors: Razzak Md Abdur , Rahman Quazi Audry Arafat , Nasreen Fahtiha 
Published: June 2021

Gout is a condition characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints or soft tissue. The four phases of gout include asymptomatic hyperuricemia, acute gouty arthritis, intercritical gout and chronic tophaceous gout. The peak incidence occurs in patients 30 to 50 years old, and the condition is much more common in men than in women. Patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia do not require treatment, but efforts should be made to lower their urate levels by encouraging them to make changes in diet or lifestyle. Acute gout most commonly affects the first metatarsal joint of the foot, but other joints are also commonly involved. Definitive diagnosis requires joint aspiration with demonstration of birefringent crystals in the synovial fluid under a polarized light microscope. Treatment includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, corticosteroids and analgesics. In patients without complications, NSAID therapy is preferred.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 227-234
A Case of Pernicious Anaemia with Psoriasis
Authors: Rahman Md Anisur , Begum Most Umme Habiba , Razzak Md Abdur , Khandker Jesmin 
Published: June 2021

Pernicious anaemia often poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to the clinician. Herein, we representing a 55 years old lady who presented with anaemia along with its classical symptoms and features of peripheral neuropathy due to Pernicious anaemia associated with Psoriasis and Arthropathy without any association of other autoimmune disorder. She had all objective evidences of autoimmune atrophic gastritis in gastric fundic biopsy and positive anti-intrinsic factor antibody. Treatment with injection vitamin B12 improved the condition rapidly.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 243-245
Optimization of Placement of Electronic Data Capture (EDC) Based on 3G Test Drive in Shopping Center Buildings
Authors: Widowatie Andari Dyah 
Published: June 2021

The problem that often occurs in malls or supermarkets is the use of EDC as a non-cash payment tool for alternative customers. However, the use of EDC machines sometimes experiences problems, namely when customers enter data so that transactions take longer, so this study aims to analyze the optimization of EDC placement in shopping center buildings. This research method is to measure the parameters, namely the RSCP and the closest antenna coverage from the EDC. In this study, three samples were taken, namely Cassa 1, 2 and 3 at Matahari Department Store Malang Town Square. The results of this study were obtained that the Drive Test in the Matahari room showed that Cassa-1, Cassa-2 and Cassa-3 received RSCP with green color which means good. Two of the three tools, namely Drive Test and Mobile can display RSCP with a value that is not too much difference. Especially for EDC is only able to visually display the RSCP and the results of previous calculations, the value of ten antennas which is in the Matahari room has a coverage area below 10 m. And the UG-12 antenna, which is the closest antenna to Cassa-3, that is outside the antenna coverage, while the UG-08 antenna can still reach the Cassa-3 area. This shows that the placement of EDC has met the requirements to get adequate signal quality and the position of the Cassa table can be moved according to the antenna coverage calculation on the Link budget and Path Loss calculations
Design of System for Determining Corn Seed Color Quality Standards using the Fuzzy Logic Method through the Localhost Network
Authors: Alam Reksa Nirvana 
Published: June 2021

Control of quality standards is very important role in ensuring corn on the market. Corn seed quality standards are determined from the results of classification process applied. So far, evaluation process of classification of corn seeds quality is still done manually which takes a long time and the quality of product is'nt evenly distributed. So, we need a tool to determine corn seeds quality to improve its quality. This study conducted color readings of corn seeds using TCS230 color sensors and sorting diameter of corn seeds using a small, medium, and large diameter sieve machine. The method for classifying quality standard of corn seed color uses fuzzy logic. The test was carried out by taking data from 3 TCS230 color sensors on each diameter of the sieve machine for corn seeds types used are BISI-2 and BIMA-19. The sensor accuracy is known by comparing data from sensor with data from Color Grab application. The reading results of BISI-2 on the color sensor-1 shows an accuracy rate of 0.3%, the color sensor-2 shows an accuracy rate of 0.72%, and the color sensor-3 shows an accuracy rate of 1.76%. For BIMA-19 corn seeds, the reading on color sensor-1 shows an accuracy of 1.11%, the color sensor-2 shows an accuracy of 24.6%, the color sensor-3 shows an accuracy of 1.10%. The results of fuzzy testing on BISI-2 and BIMA-19 showed that quality standard of maize seeds was good at medium and large diameters, while those on small diameters showed poor quality standards.
Macrobending Loss Analysis on Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Optic Core
Authors: Andhina Sisca Arisya Harry 
Published: June 2021

Macrobending often occurs in optical fibers that embedded in the ground due to shifting of soil or rocks in the ground causing interference in transmission. In this study used single-mode-multimode-singlemode fiber optic cable connected manually and axially measured using a light source test equipment and optical power meter and the results will be compared. The measurement results obtained the greater value of macrobending losses with the smaller the diameter of the winding, and the greater the number of turns. The highest value of macrobending losses in multimode cables is -1.48dB at 0.5cm diameter with 5 turns, highest value of macrobending losses on single mode cables is -12.73dB at 0.5cm diameter with 5 turns, lowest value of macrobending losses for multimode cables is -0.44dB at 5cm diameter with 1 twist, lowest macrobending losses in singlemode cables is -1.69dB at 5cm diameter with 1 twist. While the value of macrobending losses on axially connected SMS cables shows the highest value of macrobending losses on multimode cables is -1.12dB in diameter of 0.5cm with 5 turns, highest value of macrobending losses on singlemode cables is -1.18dB at diameter of 0.5cm with 5 turns, lowest value for macrobending losses on multimode cables is -0.66dB at 5cm in diameter with 1 twist, the smallest value for macrobending losses on singlemode cables is -0.27dB at 5cm diameter with 1 twist . The measurement results also showed that the macrobending losses of manually connected SMS cables were greater than the macrobending losses of axially connected SMS cables.
Assessing the Concordance Between Urogenital and Vaginal Microbiota: Can Urine Specimens Be Used as a Proxy for Vaginal Samples?
Authors: Brown Sarah E. , Robinson Courtney K. , Shardell Michelle D. , Holm Johanna B. , Ravel Jacques , Ghanem Khalil G. , Brotman Rebecca M. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe vaginal microbiota play a key role in defense against reproductive tract infections; however, many population-based women’s health studies do not collect vaginal samples. Molecular examinations of urine samples have revealed common vaginal bacteria. We sought to assess the extent that community state type assignments of archived random-catch and clean-catch urine samples agreed with the paired vaginal samples in both reproductive-age and peri/post-menopausal women.ResultsUsing archived samples, we evaluated the microbiota concordance among women in three studies: two with paired mid-vaginal/random-catch urine (N=91 reproductive-age participants and N=13 peri/post-menopausal participants), and one with paired mid-vaginal/clean-catch urine (N=99 reproductive-age participants). Microbiota composition was characterized by sequencing amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 regions and assigned to community state types. Similarity of paired samples was gauged using agreement of community state types and Yue-Clayton θ indices. Analysis of Composition of Microbiomes II indicated which taxa were differently relatively abundant in paired vaginal and urine samples. In reproductive-age women, random-catch and clean-catch urines were 89.0% and 86.9% concordant on five community state types with paired mid-vaginal swabs, and Kappa statistics indicated almost perfect agreement (κrandom-catch=.85, κclean-catch=.81, p&lt;0.0001). A small number of pairs of samples were discordant (23/190, 12%), and discordant pairs tended to be between samples classified to L. iners-dominated and/or low-Lactobacillus states. Concordance and agreement remained similar when dichotomizing the microbiota to Lactobacillus-dominated versus low-Lactobacillus microbiota, as well as when evaluating separately the three subtypes of the low-Lactobacillus community state type IV. Median similarity of paired urine/vaginal samples was high (θrandom-catch=.85, θclean-catch=.88), and a comparison of the random-catch and clean-catch similarity scores showed no significant difference (p=.80). Concordance and similarity were lower for peri/post-menopausal women, but agreement remained substantial (76.9% concordant, κrandom-catch= 0.64, θrandom-catch=.62). Taxonomic-level analysis confirmed these findings.ConclusionsRandom-catch and clean-catch urine samples showed substantial agreement on bacterial composition to paired mid-vaginal samples, indicating that the genitourinary microbiota may be a reliable proxy for assessing the overall composition of the vaginal microbiota via community state types. This data suggests that urine samples can, with proper interpretation, be utilized as a surrogate for developing preliminary data and hypothesis-generating studies.
A Simulation Design of Immersive Virtual Reality for Animal Handling Training to Biomedical Sciences Undergraduates
Authors: Tang Florence Mei Kuen , Lee Ray Mau Fung , Szeto Roy Hok Lai , Cheng Jason Ka Kit , Choi Frederic Wai To , Cheung Justin Chak Ting , Ngan Olivia Miu Yung , Lau Ann Sin Nga 
Published: June 2021

Background: One area of biomedical research concerns is applying new treatments to cure human diseases, moving bench-side research to the bedside practice. While using animal models is crucial in the research process, researchers should strictly adhere to the moral 4R framework to protect animal welfare—replacement, reduction, refinement, and responsibility. Virtual reality (VR) applies computer technology to create a simulated environment, allowing players to immerse and interact with animated 3D contexts. We developed a virtual animal-holding simulator (ViSi) using immersive virtual reality technology for students studying in the undergraduate biomedical sciences programme. The specific objectives of the paper are to 1) describe the development of the VR courseware for animal training and 2) describe the learning experience among students.Method and Result: An evaluation of the courseware was conducted among Year one and two biomedical sciences students. Students who participated in ViSi responded positively about their involvement in the virtual environment experience and their concentration on the assigned task.Discussion: ViSi is a reliable simulation technology that can train animal handling skills, which replaces real animals, while learners’ multi-cognition could still be enhanced with simulation training. Thus, the impact of immersive VR technology integrated into skills training is promising, although few technical problems are to be resolved.
Globus Pallidus Internus Deep Brain Stimulation Using Frame-Based vs. Frameless Stereotaxy in Dystonia: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Eleopra Roberto , Rinaldo Sara , Devigili Grazia , Mondani Massimo , D'Auria Stanislao , Golfrè Andreasi Nico , Skrap Miran , Lettieri Christian 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Bilateral globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS) is an established and effective therapy for primary refractory dystonia. However, the comparison of frameless vs. frame-based DBS surgery technique is still controversial. This retrospective study aims to compare the clinical outcome of two GPi-DBS surgical techniques for patients affected by primary generalized or multi-segmental dystonia.Methods: For lead's stereotaxic placement, 10 patients underwent frame-based surgery and the other 10 subjects DBS surgery with a frameless technique. Clinical features were evaluated at baseline and 6 and 12 months after surgery by means of the Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale.Results: Frame-based GPi-DBS and frameless stereotaxic group revealed a comparable clinical outcome with no surgical complications.Conclusions: Frameless technique is safe and well-tolerated by patients and showed similar effectiveness of the frame-based stereotaxic surgery during GPi-DBS for primary dystonia. Notably, it could be a valid alternative solution because of the great advantage in improving the patient's discomfort during awake surgery.
First-Line Chemo-Immunotherapy for Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A United States-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Liu Qiao , Luo Xia , Yi Lidan , Zeng Xiaohui , Tan Chongqing 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of two recently approved first-line chemo-immunotherapies [atezolizumab combined with etoposide and platinum (AEP) and durvalumab combined with etoposide and platinum (DEP)] for patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) in the United States.Material and MethodsA Markov model was built to compare the cost and effectiveness of AEP, DEP, and etoposide plus platinum (EP) over a 10-year time horizon. Clinical efficacy and safety data were extracted from the IMpower 133 and CASPIAN trials. Health state utilities were obtained from published literature. Costs were collected from an US payer perspective. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were used to explore the uncertainty bound to model parameters.ResultsFor the model cohort of adult patients with treatment-naive ES-SCLC, AEP was associated with marginal improved quality adjusted life years (QALYs) by 0.016 and reduced costs by $5,737 compared with DEP. When comparing the two chemo-immunotherapies with EP chemotherapy, AEP and DEP increased the QALYs by 0.162 QALYs and 0.146, respectively. However, both chemo-immunotherapies were associated with substantially health costs than EP, resulting in ICERs of $382,469 per QALY and $464,593 per QALY, respectively.ConclusionIn this cost-effectiveness study, first-line AEP represented a dominant treatment strategy compared with DEP. Despite neither first-line AEP nor first-line DEP was cost-effective compared with EP chemotherapy, AEP was able to provide a more efficient balance between incremental cost and QALY than DEP. When new combination therapies with remarkable effect become pivotal in the first-line treatment, the price reduction of these drugs may be essential to achieving cost-effectiveness.
Therapeutic and Prognostic Implications of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Daniello Lea , Elshiaty Mariam , Bozorgmehr Farastuk , Kuon Jonas , Kazdal Daniel , Schindler Hannah , Shah Rajiv , Volckmar Anna-Lena , Lusky Fabienne , Diekmann Leonore , Liersch Stephan , Faehling Martin , Muley Thomas , Kriegsmann Mark , Benesova Karolina , Stenzinger Albrecht , Thomas Michael , Christopoulos Petros 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionPD-(L)1 inhibitors have improved prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but can also cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that complicate management.MethodsWe analyzed NSCLC patients receiving PD-(L)1 inhibitors from 2012 to 2020 in a German academic center.ResultsIrAE showed comparable frequencies in stage IV (198/894 or 22%) vs. III (14/45 or 31%, p = 0.15), after anti-PD-(L)1 monotherapy vs. chemoimmunotherapy (139/483 vs. 58/213, p = 0.75), and across treatment lines. In stage IV, irAE occurred after 3.1 months in median, affected multiple organs (median 2) in 27/894 patients and were associated with PD-L1 positivity (25 vs. 14%, p = 0.003), lower neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (29 vs. 17%, p &lt; 0.001 for NLR dichotomized at 5), better ECOG status (26 vs. 18% for 0 vs. 1, p = 0.004), but not related to age, sex, smoking and palliative radiotherapy. Two hundred thirty two irAEs occurred mostly in endocrine glands (4.9%), lungs (4.4%), the musculoskeletal system (4.2%), colon (4.1%), liver (3.7%), and skin (2.6%), while pneumonitis was most frequent with durvalumab following definitive chemoradiation (16% or 7/45, p &lt; 0.01). IrAE severity was grade 1 in 11%, 2 in 41%, 3 in 36%, and 4 in 11% events, while two were lethal (&lt;1%, myocarditis and pneumonitis). Therapy was suspended in 72%, while steroids were initiated in 66% and complemented by other immunosuppressants in 6%, with longest treatment duration for rheumatic events (mean &gt;3 months), and average cumulative prednisone doses &gt;700 mg for all organs, except for skin. Patients developing irAE had longer progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in multivariable 12/14-week landmark analyses including ECOG status, treatment line, treatment type, PD-L1 TPS, and NLR (median PFS 17 vs. 10 months, HR = 0.68, p = 0.009; median OS 37 vs. 15 months, HR = 0.40, p &lt; 0.001), regardless of grade. OS was longest with skin (95% at 2 years) and shortest with pneumonitis, hepatitis, neurologic, and cardiologic irAE (38, 37, 28, and 0% at 2 years, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsApproximately one-fourth of immunotherapy-treated NSCLC patients develop irAEs, most of which necessitate treatment suspension and steroids. Despite more frequent occurrence with PD-L1 positive tumors, lower NLR, and better ECOG PS, irAEs are independently associated with longer survival, especially when affecting the skin. Lethality is below 1%.
The Different Faces of Insomnia
Authors: Fietze Ingo , Laharnar Naima , Koellner Volker , Penzel Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The identification of clinically relevant subtypes of insomnia is important. Including a comprehensive literature review, this study also introduces new phenotypical relevant parameters by describing a specific insomnia cohort.Methods: Patients visiting the sleep center and indicating self-reported signs of insomnia were examined by a sleep specialist who confirmed an insomnia diagnosis. A 14-item insomnia questionnaire on symptoms, progression, sleep history and treatment, was part of the clinical routine.Results: A cohort of 456 insomnia patients was described (56% women, mean age 52 ± 16 years). They had suffered from symptoms for about 12 ± 11 years before seeing a sleep specialist. About 40–50% mentioned a trigger (most frequently psychological triggers), a history of being bad sleepers to begin with, a family history of sleep problems, and a negative progression of insomnia. Over one third were not able to fall asleep during the day. SMI (sleep maintenance insomnia) symptoms were most frequent, but only prevalence of EMA (early morning awakening) symptoms significantly increased from 40 to 45% over time. Alternative non-medical treatments were effective in fewer than 10% of cases.Conclusion: Our specific cohort displayed a long history of suffering and the sleep specialist is usually not the first point of contact. We aimed to describe specific characteristics of insomnia with a simple questionnaire, containing questions (e.g., ability to fall asleep during the day, effects of non-medical therapy methods, symptom stability) not yet commonly asked and of unknown clinical relevance as yet. We suggest adding them to anamnesis to help differentiate the severity of insomnia and initiate further research, leading to a better understanding of the severity of insomnia and individualized therapy. This study is part of a specific Research Topic introduced by Frontiers on the heterogeneity of insomnia and its comorbidity and will hopefully inspire more research in this area.
The Effect of Breastfeeding Counseling to Primiparaous Mother on Duration of Breastfeeding, Postpartum Depression and Quality of Life
Authors: AYGÖR Hamide , EGE Emel 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Breast milk is the best nutrient to meet an infant’s all needs alone for the first six months within the postpartum period. This study, we aimed at investigating the effects of breastfeeding counseling on exclusive breastfeeding duration, postpartum depression and quality of life.
Materials and Methods: The quasi-experimental study was performed in non-randomized groups where repeated measurements with final-test control were conducted. The universe of the sudy consisted of primiparous women with 36- to 40-week pregnancy admitted to the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Medical Faculty Hospital in the hospital. The samples were composed of 64 primiparas, 32 in the experimental and 32 in the control groups. Primiparas were placed into groups by drawing by tol and stratifying methods. To collect data, the Mother Information Form, the Infant Information Form, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Scale were used.
Results: It was statistically difference duration of breastfeeding the average duration of breasfeeding of the infants in experimental group is higher compared to control group (3.02±2.24) (p
EVALUASI REPRODUKSI INDUK KELINCI NEW ZEALAND PADA BERBAGAI PARITAS (Studi Kasus di UD. Alastika Jaya Desa Tulungrejo Kecamatan Gandusari Kabupaten Blitar)
Authors: Fatimah Iva Mardiani , Ari kustanti Nita Opi , Moeis Edya Moelia 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to find out reproctive performance of New Zealand doe in UD. Alastika Jaya. This study use 35 of 51 doe population as the sample and field survey to take primary and secondary data from observation and interview as the research method.
The result of observation and data analysis of study indicate that average value of service per conception (S/C), long of days open, gap of bred after whelped, interval of birth, litter size at birth, and litter size at weaning in a row is 2,17+0,57, 33,33+16,56 days, 32,6+22,14 days, 65,67+16,54 days, 6,65+2,54 kits, dan 4,24+2,05 kits