bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Myocutaneous Hemicraniectomy Flap: Technical Note and Cadaveric Dissection Using the “Feng-Huang Technique”
Authors: Zhao Xiaochun , Feng Dongxia , Huang Jason , Zhang Yilu , Dunn Ian F. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The hemicraniectomy is a common technique used in a variety of pathologies including some traumatic brain injury and malignant stroke. A novel technique of performing hemicraniectomies using a retro-auricular incision can avoid transgressing the temporalis muscle and superficial temporal artery while providing adequate hemicranial exposure. Method: This technique was reproduced in a skull base lab using a cadaveric head. The key steps of this approach were illustrated in step-by-step fashion. A post-approach CT scan of the cadaver was performed to evaluate the decompression exposure. Results: This approach is able to provide sufficient middle fossa decompression and area of exposure, while preserving the temporalis along with the superficial temporal artery. Conclusions: The altered retro-auricular flap (the “Feng-Huang” flap) is a novel technique for hemicraniectomy which can provide sufficient middle fossa decompression and exposure while sparing the temporalis muscle and superficial temporal artery during the approach. A step-by-step technical illustration is demonstrated in the present note.
Postoperative Outcomes After Degenerative Lumbar Spine Surgery in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients -a Propensity Score-matched Analysis
Authors: Kato So , Nakamoto Hideki , Matsubayashi Yoshitaka , Taniguchi Yuki , Doi Toru , Yoshida Yuichi , Higashikawa Akiro , Takeshita Yujiro , Fukushima Masayoshi , Ono Takashi , Hara Nobuhiro , Okazaki Rentaro , Iwai Hiroki , Oshina Masahito , Sugita Shurei , Hirai Shima , Masuda Kazuhiro , Tanaka Sakae , Oshima Yasushi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background. Although treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have evolved significantly since the introduction of biologic agents, degenerative lumbar disease in RA patients remains a major challenge. Well-controlled comparisons between RA patients and their non-RA counterparts have not yet been reported. The objective of the present study was to compare postoperative outcomes of lumbar spine surgery between RA and non-RA patients by a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis.Methods. Patients who underwent primary posterior spine surgery for degenerative lumbar disease in our prospective multicenter study group between 2017 and 2020 were enrolled. Demographic data including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, diabetes mellitus, smoking, steroid usage, number of spinal levels involved, and preoperative patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores (numerical rating scale [NRS] for back pain and leg pain, Short Form-12 physical component summary [PCS], EuroQOL 5-dimension [EQ-5D], and Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]) were used to calculate a propensity score for RA diagnosis. One-to-one matching was performed and 1-year postoperative outcomes were compared between groups.Results. Among the 4567 patients included, 90 had RA (2.0%). RA patients in our cohort were more likely to be female, with lower BMI, higher ASA grade and lower current smoking rate than non-RA patients. Preoperative NRS scores for leg pain, PCS, EQ-5D, and ODI were worse in RA patients. Propensity score matching generated 61 pairs of RA and non-RA patients who underwent posterior lumbar surgery. After background adjustment, RA patients reported worse postoperative PCS (28.4 vs. 37.2, p=0.008) and EQ-5D (0.640 vs. 0.738, p=0.03), although these differences were not significant between RA and non-RA patients not on steroids.Conclusions. RA patients showed worse postoperative outcomes after posterior surgery for degenerative lumbar disease, while steroid-independent RA cases showed equivalent outcomes to non-RA patients.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Professionals towards Covid-19 and Associated Factors at Public Health Facilities of Sidama Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Babulo Sisay Dejene , Molla Ezedin , Geja Ephrem , Tesfaye Emnet , Simachew Yilikal , Ejeso Amanuel , Oltaye Zewdie , Chea Nana , Lejore Ephrem , Tagese Negash , Kibru Seife 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: As the World Health Organization situation report of November 14, 2021, globally there were over 252 million confirmed cases and over 5 million deaths attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. How COVID-19 is transmitted put health care professionals (HCPs) at higher risk of contracting the disease because of their work conditions. Information regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards the disease among HCPs are of higher importance to devise interventions that will tackle the pandemic.Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 29 to October 07, 2020, among randomly selected 422 health care professionals. Epi-data and SPPS software were used for entry and analysis of the data respectively. Frequencies, percentages, and charts were used to describe the KAP of HCPs towards the disease. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors that are associated with the KAP of HCPs. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were declared as significantly associated.Results: 406 HCPs have participated in this study. Less than half (45%) HCPs had sufficient knowledge about COVID-19. HCPs aged 30 or more years, working in health centers, and HCPs that received an orientation or training regarding COVID-19 had significantly higher knowledge. About 77% HCPs had a positive attitude towards COVID-19. Educational level and knowledge about COVID-19 were significant predictors of attitude. About three-fifths (59%) of study participants had good practice towards COVID-19. Types of health facilities, work experience, and orientation or training status were significantly associated with the practice.Conclusion: This study found a low proportion of HCPs having sufficient knowledge about COVID-19. About four in ten HCPs had poor practice towards COVID-19. Training, monitoring and supervision, knowledge and skill-sharing activities should be given due emphasis to tackle the pandemic in the region.
Smile Intensity in Volleyball Players' Profile Photographs is Unrelated To Sports Performance
Authors: Chwiłkowska Patrycja , Behnke Maciej , Kaczmarek Lukasz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Studies indicated that individuals who tend to smile while taking their photographs tend to experience more positive emotions in their life and, in turn, achieve superior outcomes in several life domains. However, little is known whether positive emotionality revealed in players' profile photographs is related to sports performance. This study examined whether the smiling intensity in volleyball players' profiles (full, partial, and no smile) predicted individual (e.g., points scored, service, and reception errors) and team performance (winning a match). Building upon previous studies on positive emotions, we expected that players presenting full (Duchenne) smiles would achieve better results. We analyzed 196 volleyball players' profiles from the Polish highest-level professional league competition (PlusLiga). Raters coded smile intensity. Using three-level path models, we found that teams with more frequent Duchenne smiles performed as well as those who presented Duchenne smiles less often. We conclude that positive emotionality (as reflected in profile photo smiling) might be independent of male volleyball accomplishments.
Novel Insights for PI3KC3 in Mediating Lipid Accumulation in Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus Fulvidraco
Authors: Zhuo Mei-Qin , Chen Jun , Wu Mei-Li , Wang Wen-biao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, the transcriptional regulation of PI3KC3 by three transcript factors (PPARγ, PPARα and STAT3) and the potential role of PI3KC3 in mediating lipid accumulation were determined in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The 5’-deletion assay, overexpression assay, site-mutation assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested that PPARα, PPARγ and STAT3 negatively regulated the promoter activity of pi3kc3. Moreover, the transcriptional inactivation of pi3kc3 was directly mediated by PPARα and PPARγ under fatty acid (FA) treatment. Using primary hepatocytes from yellow catfish, FA incubation significantly increased triacylglyceride (TG), NEFA content, the mRNA level of pparα, pparγ, stat3 and dnmt3b, the protein level of PPARα, PPARγ and STAT3, and the methylation level of pi3kc3, but significantly reduced the mRNA and protein level of PI3KC3. Our findings offer new insights into the mechanisms for transcriptional regulation of PI3KC3 and for PI3KC3-mediated lipid accumulation in fish.
Seed Halopriming Improves Salinity Tolerance of Some Rice Cultivars During Seedling Stage
Authors: HIDAYAH Anik , NISAK Rizka Rohmatin , SUSANTO Febri Adi , NURINGTYAS Tri Rini , YAMAGUCHI Nobutoshi , Purwestri Yekti Asih 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Saline land in coastal areas has great potential for crop cultivation. Improving salt tolerance in rice is a key to expanding the available area for its growth and thus improving global food security. Seed priming with salt (halopriming) can enhance plant growth and decrease saline intolerance under salt stress conditions during the subsequent seedling stage. However, there is little known about rice defense mechanisms against salinity at seedling stages after seed halopriming treatment. This study focused on the effect of seed halopriming treatment on salinity tolerance in susceptible cultivars, IR 64, resistant cultivars, Pokkali, and two pigmented rice cultivars, Merah Kalimantan Selatan (Merah Kalsel) and Cempo Ireng Pendek (CI Pendek). We grew these cultivars in hydroponic culture, with and without halopriming at the seed stage, under either non-salt or salt stress conditions during the seedling stage.
Results

The SES scoring assessment showed that the level of salinity tolerance in susceptible cultivar, IR 64, and moderate cultivar, Merah Kalsel, improved after seed halopriming treatment. Furthermore improved the growth performance of IR 64 and Merah Kalsel rice seedlings. Quantitative PCR revealed that seed halopriming induced expression of the OsNHX1 and OsHKT1 genes in susceptible rice cultivar, IR 64 and Merah Kalsel thereby increasing the level of resistance to salinity. The level expression of OsSOS1 and OsHKT1 genes in resistant cultivar, Pokkali, also increased but not affected on the level of salinity tolerance. On the contrary, seed halopriming decreased the level expression of OsSOS1 genes in pigmented rice cultivar, CI Pendek, but not affected on the level of salinity tolerance. The transporter gene expression induction significantly improved salinity tolerance in salinity-susceptible rice, IR 64, and moderate tolerant rice cultivar, Merah Kalsel. Induction of expression of the OsSOS1 gene in susceptible rice, IR 64, after halopriming seed treatment leads to balance the osmotic pressure by ion exclusion mechanisms, so that be tolerant to salinity stress.
Conclusion

These results suggest that seed halopriming can improves salinity tolerance of salinity-susceptible and moderate tolerant rice cultivars.
The efficacy of an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation in the symptomatic management of mild COVID-19 cases: A double blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Das Sanjib kumar , Dash Durga Prasad , Panda Pradip Kumar , Sadana Sandhya , Kumar Reddy M. Ravi , K Venkatesh Hari , Pathak Jeetu , Kanchibhotla Divya 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has infected millions of people globally, overwhelming the pharmaceutical industry and health care systems. The resulting crisis has highlighted the need for modern and traditional medicine systems to work together to find effective solutions quickly. Modern systems of medicine are primarily oriented towards symptomatic treatment, whereas the traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda emphasize prevention as well as treatment.Patients and methodsNF2 is polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation consisting of 19 ingredients from 13 herbs. 50 patients with confirmed symptomatic or asymptomatic case of COVID-19, reporting to the study site were invited to participate in a double blinded, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. The study duration was around 3 months, and the intervention period for an individual patient was 10 days.ResultsSignificant improvements were observed in the NF2 arm in comparison to the placebo arm. On Day 5, the population in the NF2 arm showed a complete recovery from sputum formation, sore throat, headache and fever. By Day 10, 90-100% of the population in the NF2 arm showed a complete recovery from all symptoms, unlike the control arm.ConclusionNF2 facilitated a complete recovery from all clinical features of COVID-19 faster, when compared to the control. No side effects were observed during the entire study duration.
Topical Application of Houttuynia Cordata Thunb Ethanol Extracts Increases Tumor Infiltrating CD8+/Treg Cells Ratio and Inhibits Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vivo
Authors: Gao Lipeng , Gui Rong-Yin , Zheng Xin-Nan , Wang Ying-Xue , Gong Yao , Wang Tim Hua , Wang Jichuan , Huang Junyi , Liao Xin-Hua 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) is a medicinal and edible herb which has beneficial effects on various diseases due to its diuretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties. Most of reports of its anti-cancer activity were conducted in vitro, and its effects on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has not been investigated yet. Using DMBA/TPA induced SCC mice model, we found that topical treatment by HCT, as well as its bioactive ingredient monomer, efficiently inhibited tumor growth. Mechanistically, we found tumor infiltrating CD4+, Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) were significantly reduced and CD8+/Treg cells ratio was largely increased in tumors after HCT treatment. In addition, several chemokines which recruited immune cells were largely reduced when SCC cancer cells were treated by HCT in vitro. Our results demonstrate the therapeutic effects of HCT on cutaneous SCC and indicate it might inhibit cancer through regulating tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and the tumor immune microenvironments.
Associations Between the Size of Individual Plantar Intrinsic and Extrinsic Foot Muscles and Toe Flexor Strength
Authors: Kusagawa Yuki , Kurihara Toshiyuki , Maeo Sumiaki , Sugiyama Takashi , Kanehisa Hiroaki , Isaka Tadao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The size of the plantar intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles has been shown to be associated with toe flexor strength (TFS). Previous studies adopted the size of a limited plantar intrinsic foot muscle or a compartment containing several muscles as an independent variable for TFS. Among the plantar intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles, therefore, it is unclear which muscle(s) primarily contributes to TFS development. The present study aimed to clarify this subject.
Methods
In 17 young adult men, a series of anatomical cross-sectional area of individual plantar intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles was obtained along the foot length and the lower leg length, respectively, using the magnetic resonance imaging. Maximal anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSAmax) and muscle volume (MV) for each constituent muscle of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles (flexor hallucis brevis; flexor digitorum brevis, FDB; abductor hallucis; adductor hallucis oblique head, ADDH-OH; adductor hallucis transverse head, ADDH-TH; abductor digiti minimi; quadratus plantae) and extrinsic foot muscles (flexor hallucis longus; flexor digitorum longus) were measured. TFS was measured with a toe grip dynamometry.
Results
TFS was significantly associated with the ACSAmax for each of the ADDH-OH (r = 0.674, p = 0.003), ADDH-TH (r = 0.523, p = 0.031), and FDB (r = 0.492, p = 0.045), and the MV of the ADDH-OH (r = 0.582, p = 0.014). As for the ADDH-OH, the correlation coefficient with TFS was not statistically different between ACSAmax and MV (p = 0.189). Stepwise regression analysis indicated that ACSAmax and MV of the ADDH-OH alone explained 42% and 29%, respectively, of the variance in TFS.
Conclusion
The ADDH-OH is the key muscle that primarily contributes to TFS development among the plantar intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles.
Sex Differences in Brain Structure Account for the Sexual Distinction on Balanced Time Perspective
Authors: Chen Tao , Li Zhi , Cui Ji-fang , Huang Jia , Irish Muireann , Wang Ya , Chan Raymond 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sex differences in behaviour and cognition have been widely observed, however, little is known about such differences in maintaining a balanced time perspective or their potential underlying neural substrates. To answer the above questions, two studies were conducted. In Study 1, time perspective was assessed in 1,913 college students, including 771 males and 1,092 females, and demonstrated that females had a significantly more balanced time perspective than males. In Study 2, 58 males and 47 females underwent assessment of time perspective and structural brain imaging. Voxel-based morphometry analysis and cortical thickness analysis were used to analyse the structural imaging data. Results showed that compared with males, females demonstrated a more balanced time perspective, which primarily related to lower grey matter volume in left precuneus, right cerebellum, right putamen and left supplementary motor area. Analysis of cortical thickness failed to reveal any significant sex differences. Furthermore, the sex difference in grey matter volume of left precuneus, right cerebellum, right putamen and left supplementary motor area could account for the difference in balanced time perspective between males and females. The findings deepen our understanding of sex differences in human cognition and their potential neural signature, and may inform tailored interventions to support a balanced time perspective in daily life.
Traumatic Brain Injury Alters Dendritic Cell Differentiation And Distribution In Lymphoid And Non-Lymphoid Organs
Authors: Tsymbalyuk Orest , Gerzanich Volodymyr , Simard Marc , Rathinam Chozha 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pathophysiological consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) mediated secondary injury remain incompletely understood. In particular, the impact of TBI on the differentiation and maintenance of dendritic cells (DCs), remains completely unknown. Here, we report that DC- differentiation, maintenance and functions are altered at both early and late phases of TBI. Our studies identify that; 1. frequencies and absolute numbers of DCs in the spleen and BM are altered at both acute and late phases of TBI; 2. surface expression of key molecules involved in antigen presentation of DCs were affected both at early and late phases of TBI; 3. distribution and functions of tissue-specific DC subsets of both circulatory and lymphatic systems were imbalanced following TBI; 4. early differentiation program of DCs, especially the commitment of hematopoietic stem cells to common DC progenitors, were deregulated after TBI; and 5. intracellular ROS levels were reduced in DC progenitors and differentiated DCs at both early and late phases of TBI. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that TBI affects the distribution pattern of DCs and induces an imbalance among DC subsets in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. In addition, the current study demonstrates that TBI results in reduced levels of ROS in DCs at both early and late phases of TBI, which may explain altered DC differentiation paradigm following TBI. A deeper understanding on the molecular mechanisms that contribute to DC defects following TBI would be essential and beneficial in treating infections in patients with acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries.
Coenzyme A restriction as a factor underlying pre-eclampsia and other antenatal conditions.
Authors: Hodgman Charlie , Atiomo William , Khan Gulafshana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is the most common pregnancy complication affecting 1 in 20 pregnancies, characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ damage, most often to the liver and kidneys. Metabolic network analysis of published lipidomic data points to a shortage of Coenzyme A (CoA). Gene-expression profile data reveal alterations to many areas of metabolism and, crucially, to conflicting cellular regulatory mechanisms arising from the overproduction of signalling lipids driven by CoA limitation. Adverse feedback loops appear, forming sphingosine-1-phosphate (a cause of hypertension, hypoxia and inflammation), cytotoxic isoketovaleric acid (inducing acidosis and organ damage) and a thrombogenic lysophosphatidyl serine. These also induce mitochondrial and oxidative stress, leading to untimely apoptosis, which is possibly the cause of CoA restriction. This work provides a molecular basis for the signs of pre-eclampsia, why other conditions are risk factors and what might be done to treat and reduce the risk of this and related diseases.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Leptospira Interrogans Serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae Human Vaccine Strain and Epidemic Isolate of China
Authors: Li Zhe , Zhang Ying , Du Zhongli , Xin Xiaofang , Ye Qiang , Xu Yinghua 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae is the predominant pathogen causing leptospirosis in China and is still used as the vaccine strain for the current human inactivated vaccine. Unlike the clade ST17, which is distributed worldwide, ST1 is the most prevalent in serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae in China. Purpose and Methods: To further characterize leptospiral pathogens, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and parallel reaction monitoring were used to analyze differences at the proteomic level between serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae vaccine strain 56001 (ST1) and circulating isolate 200502 (ST17) from different periods. Results: Two hundred and eighty-one proteins were differentially expressed between ST17 and ST1, of which 166 were upregulated (>1.2 fold change, P < 0.05) and 115 (>1.2-fold change, P < 0.05) were downregulated. Function prediction revealed that nine upregulated proteins were outer membrane proteins, including several known immunogenic and/or virulence-related proteins, such as ompL1, LipL71 and LipL41. Furthermore, important expression differences in carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism and transport proteins were identified between ST1 and ST17, suggesting that these differences may reflect metabolic diversity and the potential of the pathogens to adapt to different environments. Conclusion: In summary, our findings provide insights into better understanding the component strains of the Chinese human leptospirosis vaccine at the proteomic level. Additionally, these data facilitate evaluating the mechanisms by which pathogenic Leptospira species adapt to the host environment.
Design and Evaluation of 3D-Printed 4 Structures Coated By CWPU/Graphene as Strain Sensor: Truss, Honeycomb, Chiral Truss, Re-entrant
Authors: Choi Hyeong Yeol , Shin Eun Joo , Lee Sun Hee 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A strain sensor characterized by elasticity has recently been studied in various ways to be applied to monitoring humans or robots. Here, 4 types of 3D-printed auxetic lattice structures using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as raw material were characterized: truss and honeycomb with positive Poisson's ratio and chiral truss and re-entrant with negative Poisson's ratio. Each structure was fabricated as a flexible and stable strain sensor by coating graphene through a dip-coating process. The fabricated auxetic structures have excellent strength, flexibility, and electrical conductivity desirable for a strain sensor and detect a constant change in resistance at a given strain. The 3D-printed auxetic lattice 4 type structures coated with CWPU/Graphene suggest potential applications of multifunctional strain sensors under deformation.