bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge on integrated management of childhood illness among health and family planning field workers
Authors: Khatun Mst Akhtara , Saha Ashees Kumar , Aktar Sabrina , Hasin Fouzia 
Published: May 2021

Integrated Management of Childhood illness (IMCI) is a strategy for reducing mortality among children under the age of 5 years. This study was aim to assess the level of knowledge on IMCI among health and family planning field worker. Convenience sampling and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 237 respondents. Knowledge level was categorised as good, average and poor while association of categorical data were done by Chi squire test. The mean age of participants was 36.03±10.13 years where (82.3%) respondents were female. The mean duration of job was 11.27± 9.81 years where (71.7%) respondents did not have training on IMCI. Among the respondents, 42.6% didn’t know any of the objectives and 46.8% respondents knew that one of the components of IMCI, 51.5% respondents knew that IMCI to improve the health system and 35.3% respondents knew that IMCI is to improve family and community practice. Signs of diarrhoea in 0-2 month’s old baby was not known by 27.8% respondents. Majority of the respondents (72.2%) had knowledge about increased respiratory rate as a sign of pneumonia. Among the respondents, 42.6% respondents had poor knowledge regarding IMCI while 28.7% had well and (28.7%) had average knowledge. Level of knowledge was significantly associated with age (p<0.026), sex (p<0.001), place of job (p<0.001), designation (p<0.001), type of job (p<0.001), duration of Job (p<0.001), training status (p<0.002). There are many lacks in the knowledge of health and family planning field workers, they need training on IMCI to prevent the under-five mortality and morbidity.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 56-63
Dietary supplementation effects of the levels of Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extracts as phytogenic feed additive on the growth performance in broiler chicks
Authors: Sarkar Shuvendu , Tarafder Moniruzzaman , Rahman Md Hafizur , Khandaker Moinul , Ahammad Golam Sagir , Sarker Dipok Kumar , Karmakar Bimal Chandra , Islam Beathy 
Published: May 2021

The effects that Neem leaf extract on overall growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR), dressed weight and organs weight of broiler chickens to justify its inclusion in the diet of growing broiler chickens. 120 day old chicks divided into four treatment groups T1, T2, T3 and T4 of thirty (30) birds each were administered clean drinking water with 3gm, 4gm, 5gm and 0g neem extract respectively. Impacts of neem extract treatments on growth indices suggested that Neem extract favored growth with final body weight range of 1709gm and 1763gm. Organ weights showed no deviation from standard values for healthy broiler birds. Highest growth was observed in group T3 (1763.6±141.37gm) followed by T1, T2 and lowest was in T4 group (1565.4±161.25gm). Birds on 5gm of Neem extract in their drinking water out performed birds in other treatments in assessed growth rate indices. We therefore conclude that 5gm of Neem extract in their drinking water growing broiler birds encourages healthy growth and may serve as supplements for antibiotics, especially when birds are raised in areas with minimal access to veterinary service.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 64-68
Lifestyle and heritability effects on cancer in Bangladesh: an application of Cox proportional hazards model
Authors: Akter Mst Farzana , Sathi Shahnaj Sultana , Mitu Sabikunnaher , Ullah Mohammad Ohid 
Published: May 2021

The burden of cancer is increasing very rapidly day by day all over the world, largely due to an increasing unhealthy lifestyle. Some cross-sectional studies have been conducted on lifestyle of cancer patients based on Sylhet city, Bangladesh. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has been done based on longitudinal aspect considering whole Bangladesh, therefore, we aimed to conduct a longitudinal study to know the effects of lifestyle and heritability on cancer in Bangladesh. We selected total 384 cancer patients by using simple random sampling from eight divisions during December 2018, and created a cohort in each division in Bangladesh. After one year, we collected their survival data from four selected cohorts. We used a Cox proportional hazards model for survival data. It was found that overall female patient’s survival rate is higher than male patients. It was also observed that the significant factors of the lifestyle dimension influence the hazard function of the cancer patients. It indicates that more consumption of beverages, fast food, chips/chocolates/ice-cream, smoking and betel nut increased the hazard of cancer. That is, changing lifestyle is needed to reduce the cancer diseases in future. Taken together, the findings of this study may be able to make awareness in the society about the cancer, afterwards it might be able to reduce the cancer diseases in future in regional, national and international level to improve public health sectors.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 82-89
Аналіз міжнародного досвіду з організації системи державних закупівель озброєння та військової техніки
Authors: Tkach Ivan , Syniavskyi Vladimir , Yakovchuk Eugene , Rudy Mikhail , Korchinsky Vladimir , Sergienko Roman 
Published: May 2021

Розглядається досвід з організації системи державних закупівель озброєння та військової техніки в США, Великобританія, Франція та ФРН – державах, які мають сучасну провідну високорозвинену оборонну промисловість і є активними учасниками світового ринку озброєнь. Надані загальна характеристика системи закупівель озброєнь, особливості побудови нормативно-правової бази щодо організації державних закупівель, парламентського та громадського контролю за ними, способи визначення постачальників, стійкі тенденції до спрощення та гнучкості функціонування систем державних закупівель озброєнь і заходи із державної підтримки виробників (постачальників) товарів, робіт, послуг. Провідний іноземний досвід може бути корисний при співставленні основних його рис із новим Законом України “Про оборонні закупівлі” від 17 липня 2020 року та продовженням удосконалення функціонування вітчизняної системи закупівель озброєнь та гармонізації її з найкращими світовими практиками.
Роль і місце систем автоматизації та інформатизації в розвитку потенціалу сектору безпеки та оборони
Authors: Tkach Mykola , Yasenko Sergey , Boyko Ruslan , Drynov Dmytro 
Published: May 2021

Стаття є цікавою для фахівців в сфері військового управління, які займаються дослідженням проблем розвитку систем автоматизації діяльності збройних сил (ЗС) та автоматизованих систем управління (АСУ). Метою статті є дослідження тенденцій розвитку автоматизації та інформатизації в оборонній сфері держав світу та існуючого ринку інформаційних систем.
В процесі досягнення мети дослідження використані наступні методи наукового пізнання: аналізу, синтезу, індукції, дедукції, порівняння, системного підходу.
В статті показано актуальність питань розвитку систем автоматизації та інформатизації в оборонній сфері. Наведено досвіт ЗС Російської Федерації (РФ) у впровадженні вказаних підходів та наголошено на критичній необхідності впровадження інформаційних систем в ЗС України, які повинні стримувати збройну агресію РФ. Проведено аналіз світових тенденцій розвитку ринку інформаційних систем, які повинні задовольняти оборонні потреби держав світу. У зв’язку з розвитком технологій, удосконаленню старих і створення новітніх зразків озброєння і військової техніки (безпілотні системи, космічні технології, мережецентричний підхід до побудови системи управління військами, штучний інтелект тощо), використання яких не можливе без впровадження сучасних інформаційних систем, наголошено на важливості їх впровадження в ЗС України з метою не допущення відсталості від світових тенденцій в конкурентній боротьбі армій світу. Особливо ці питання є важливими на фоні війни з РФ та інтеграції України з країнами-членами НАТО, які є передовими в світі за технологічними інноваціями.
Perfil das internações hospitalares por doenças do aparelho respiratório no Estado de Sergipe: Uma série histórica
Authors: Camarço Maria Fernanda de Sá , Jesus Maria Vitória Santos de , Góis Rebecca Maria Oliveira de , Varanda Patrícia Alves Galhardo , Almeida Hendyara Oliveira Carvalho , Gallotti Fernanda Costa Martins , Oliveira Fernanda Kelly Fraga , Martins Manuela de Carvalho Vieira , Silva Juliana de Oliveira Musse 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Descrever as principais características de distribuição temporal, por faixa etária e sexo, de internações hospitalares por doenças do aparelho respiratório no estado de Sergipe, a partir dos registros de internações no SUS, no período de 2015 a 2019. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, de abordagem quantitativa, a partir de dados secundários do DATASUS, através da análise das AIHs. Resultados: Identificou-se 33.768 internações, sendo o sexo masculino mais prevalente com 53,6%, enquanto houve 46,4% internações do sexo feminino. A faixa etária predominante foi de 1 a 4 anos com 8.056 internações. Ainda, 8,9% internações foram eletivas e 91,1% de urgência. O maior número de óbitos foi em 2019 com 886 óbitos e, a maior taxa de mortalidade em 2016 com 12,87%. A média permanência foi maior em 2019, registrando 7,6 dias de internação. Discussão: Verificou-se que Sergipe acompanha os dados nacionais e internacionais a respeito da hospitalização por doenças respiratórias. Na Europa, causam 660.000 mortes e cerca de 6 milhões de internações, contribuindo com 7% de todas causas de hospitalização, sendo a terceira principal causa de morte. Considerações finais: O estudo possibilitou conhecer o perfil das internações hospitalares relacionadas a doenças respiratórias em Sergipe, servindo como instrumento de planejamento para estratégias que visam prevenir novos casos e qualificar a assistência.
Avaliação do impacto do Programa Odontológico Preventivo de Bebês: Coorte retrospectivo
Authors: Delgado Roseli Aparecida Souza , Sobral Ana Paula Taboada , Gonçalves Marcela Leticia Leal , Souza Mariani Rafaela , Fragoso Yara Dadalti , Santos Elaine Marcílio , Mendes Gustavo Duarte 
Published: May 2021

Ao longo dos anos foram implantados diversos programas odontológicos para atendimento a bebês em vários municípios no Brasil. A efetividade desses programas precisa ser mensurada por meio da avaliação do impacto na saúde bucal das crianças que passaram por essa experiência. Objetivo: Verificar a presença de lesões de cárie na dentição mista em crianças de 6 a 12 anos, que tiveram atendimento precoce no Programa de Atenção Odontológica de Bebês (PAOB), quando tinham a faixa etária de 0 – 3 anos, comparando os resultados com um grupo controle não exposto ao tratamento preventivo, no serviço de Saúde Bucal da Unidade de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) São Bento, na cidade de Santos. Método: Estudo de Coorte Retrospectivo, onde foram coletados dados de 100 prontuários odontológicos das crianças, 50 de cada grupo. Foram realizados os procedimentos de estatística descritiva e análise estatística usando o teste de Fisher, para medir a correlação entre as variáveis. Resultados: Em relação aos dentes decíduos, 26% das crianças que participaram do PAOB, apresentaram lesões de cárie, enquanto no grupo não exposto, 60% das crianças apresentaram lesões de cárie. Já na avaliação da presença de lesões de cárie nos dentes permanentes, quase não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois grupos, 10% no grupo exposto ao tratamento precoce e 14% no grupo não exposto. Conclusão: Observou-se influência positiva do Programa de Atenção Odontológica de Bebês nas condições de saúde oral das crianças.
Práticas integrativas e complementares segundo os secretários de saúde: Estudo qualitativo
Authors: Vieira Larissa de Oliveira , Martins Filho Ismar Eduardo , Meira Edméia Campos 
Published: May 2021

As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC) são recursos em saúde que possibilitam o cuidado de acordo os princípios da integralidade, e estão inseridos em um modelo assistencial que extrapola a visão biomédica. O objetivo deste artigo foi compreender a percepção de secretários municipais de saúde sobre as PIC, assim como identificar quais PIC eram conhecidas por eles. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, realizada com 22 secretários de saúde em municípios da Bahia. A coleta de dados aconteceu entre os meses de maio e novembro de 2018 nos municípios e nas reuniões da Comissão Intergestores Regional. As entrevistas foram coletadas por meio de roteiro semiestruturado, gravadas, transcritas e analisadas através da análise de conteúdo temática. O estudo apontou que todos os secretários conhecem algumas PIC e também já as utilizaram enquanto recurso terapêutico, obtendo resultados positivos; identificou ainda que apenas 7 secretários conhecem a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PNPIC) e os municípios não têm lei que regulamente tais PIC; obteve-se também que apenas 5 secretários estudaram as PIC na formação acadêmica. É importante que os secretários conheçam as PIC e seus benefícios como recursos potentes para a saúde, mas não conhecer a PNPIC pode dificultar a operacionalização da implantação das PIC nas regiões de saúde em que eles são gestores. Faz-se necessário a articulação da população, equipes de saúde e gestores de saúde na discussão e elaboração de projetos e programas que fortaleçam as PIC enquanto recurso de saúde potente para a atenção integral em saúde.
Effects of Early Cumulus Cell Removal on Treatment Outcomes in Patients Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kong Pengcheng , Yin Mingru , Tang Chuanling , Zhu Xiuxian , Bukulmez Orhan , Chen Miaoxin , Teng Xiaoming 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundEarly cumulus cell removal combined with early rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been widely practiced in many in vitro fertilization (IVF) centers in China in order to avoid total fertilization failure. However, uncertainty remains whether the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes are associated with early cumulus cell removal.ObjectivesTo investigate if early cumulus cell removal alone after 4 hours co-incubation of gametes (4 h group), has detrimental effect on the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in patients undergoing IVF, through a comparison with conventional cumulus cell removal after 20 hours of insemination (20 h group).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 1784 patients who underwent their first fresh cleavage stage embryo transfer at the Centre for Assisted Reproduction of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from June 2016 to December 2018 (4 h group, n=570; 20 h group, n=1214). A logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the independent association between early cumulus cell removal and pregnancy outcomes after adjustment for potential confounders. The neonatal outcomes between the two groups were compared.ResultsWhen compared with the 20 h group, the 4 h group had similar pregnancy outcomes, including rates for biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, live birth. There were 1073 infants delivered after embryo transfer (4 h group, n=337; 20 h group, n=736). Outcomes in both groups were similar for both singleton and twin gestations, including preterm birth rate and very preterm birth rate, mean birth weight, mean gestational age, sex ratio at birth and rate of congenital birth defects. In addition, findings pertaining to singleton gestations were also similar in the two groups for Z-scores (gestational age- and sex-adjusted birth weight), rates of small for gestational age, very small for gestational age, large for gestational age and very large for gestational age infants.ConclusionsIn this study early cumulus cell removal alone was not associated with adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. From this perspective, early cumulus cell removal to assess for a potential early rescue ICSI is therefore considered to be a safe option in patients undergoing IVF.
Feasibility of an Interactive Coaching App to Enhance Post-concussion Outpatient Care
Authors: Curran Dorothyann , Lauzon Julia , Quon Deanna , Marshall Shawn 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To determine the feasibility of patients to use a web-based health app for management of post-concussion (mTBI) symptoms in an out-patient setting.Participants: Seven (7) patients who were referred to an outpatient specialist clinic (physiatry) with persisting symptoms following a concussion. Participants had to be 18 years of age or older and more than 3 months post injury.Design: This was a prospective cohort study using a web-based platform for chronic disease management to guide patients in managing symptoms based on individual clinical recommendations. Each patient received weekly Symptom Management Plans created by a health coach and a physician specialist, designed to reinforce positive progress with clinical recommendations.Main Measures: Adherence to tracking daily recommendations and symptoms (data collected through the web-interface), The Rivermead Post-Concussion Questionnaire (self report) and a Satisfaction Questionnaire (self report).Results: Adherence to assigned clinical recommendations was close to 100%. Pre-post results on the patient reported outcome measure (Rivermead Post Concussion Tool) showed improvement for most patients in their experience of symptoms. The Satisfaction Questionnaire showed high rates of satisfaction with the App and the intervention in general.Conclusions: Use of a web-based health app with a health coach is feasible in this patient population from both the patient and clinician perspective based on high adherence. There is also some evidence of improvement of symptoms with this intervention over time. Further exploration of the use of this type of intervention with post-concussion patients could potentially impact long-term outcomes.
Sustained Neutralizing Antibodies 6 Months Following Infection in 376 Japanese COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Goto Atsushi , Go Hirofumi , Miyakawa Kei , Yamaoka Yutaro , Ohtake Norihisa , Kubo Sousuke , Jeremiah Sundararaj Stanleyraj , Mihara Takahiro , Senuki Kotaro , Miyazaki Tomoyuki , Ikeda Satoshi , Ogura Takashi , Kato Hideaki , Matsuba Ikuro , Sanno Naoko , Miyakawa Masaaki , Ozaki Haruo , Kikuoka Masakazu , Ohashi Yasuo , Ryo Akihide , Yamanaka Takeharu 
Published: May 2021

Objective: There is scarce evidence regarding the long-term persistence of neutralizing antibodies among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors. This study determined neutralizing antibody titers (NT50) and antibodies against spike protein (SP) or nucleocapsid protein (NP) antigens approximately 6 months after the diagnosis of COVID-19.Methods: COVID-19 survivors in Japan were recruited. Serum samples and data related to patients’ characteristics and COVID-19 history were collected. NT50 and titers of antibodies against NP and SP antigens were measured at 20–32 weeks after the first positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test results. Factors associated with NT50 were identified using the multivariable linear regression and the correlations among NT50 and titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total immunoglobulins (Igs) against NP and SP were assessed by Spearman’s correlation.Results: Among 376 participants (median [range] days after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, 180 (147–224); median [range] years of age, 50 (20–78); 188 [50%] male), most tested positive for NT50 (n = 367, 98%), SP-IgG (n = 344, 91%), SP-total Ig (n = 369, 98%), NP-IgG (n = 314, 84%), and NP-total Ig (n = 365, 97%). Regression analysis indicated that higher BMI, fever, and the requirement of mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were significantly associated with higher NT50. Anti-SP antibodies correlated moderately with NT50 (Spearman’s correlation: 0.63 for SP IgG; 0.57 for SP-total Ig), while the correlation was weak for anti-NP antibodies (0.37 for NP IgG; 0.32 for NP-total Ig).Conclusions: Most COVID-19 survivors had sustained neutralizing antibodies and tested positive for SP-total Ig and NP-total Ig approximately 6 months after infection.
Increased Added Sugar Consumption Is Common in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Palavra Natalie C. , Lubomski Michal , Flood Victoria M. , Davis Ryan L. , Sue Carolyn M. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: There is limited information about the dietary habits of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD), or associations of diet with clinical PD features. We report on nutritional intake in an Australian PD cohort.Methods: 103 PD patients and 81 healthy controls (HCs) completed a validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Food and nutrient intake was quantified, with consideration of micronutrients and macronutrients (energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, fibre, and added sugar). Participants also completed PD-validated non-motor symptom questionnaires to determine any relationships between dietary intake and clinical disease features.Results: Mean daily energy intake did not differ considerably between PD patients and HCs (11,131 kJ/day vs. 10,188 kJ/day, p = 0.241). However, PD patients reported greater total carbohydrate intake (279 g/day vs. 232 g/day, p = 0.034). This was largely attributable to increased daily sugar intake (153 g/day vs. 119 g/day, p = 0.003) and in particular free sugars (61 g/day vs. 41 g/day, p = 0.001). PD patients who (1) experienced chronic pain, (2) were depressed, or (3) reported an impulse control disorder, consumed more total sugars than HCs (all p &lt; 0.05). Increased sugar consumption was associated with an increase in non-motor symptoms, including poorer quality of life, increased constipation severity and greater daily levodopa dose requirement.Conclusions: We provide clinically important insights into the dietary habits of PD patients that may inform simple dietary modifications that could alleviate disease symptoms and severity. The results of this study support clinician led promotion of healthy eating and careful management of patient nutrition as part of routine care.