bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes and practices of adults on food safety: a cross-sectional sample from Turkey
Authors: Göbel Pınar , Şanlier Nevin , Yilmaz Sine , Toka Onur , Açikalin Büşra , Kocabaş Şule 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the levels of food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of consumer.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 1,161 volunteers were included in this study, which has been developed to measure the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of adults on food safety. Study data were collected through an online survey technique.

Findings
A statistically significant difference was determined between male and female participants and also at the education level considering total food safety attitude and practice scores (p < 0,001). It was determined that university graduates had higher scores at all scales than the median scores. When an assessment was made on the body mass index of the participants, it was seen that the implementation and attitude scales were statistically different from each other, and in paired comparisons on these scales, the average scores of normal-weight individuals were observed higher in the sub-dimensions than slightly obese individuals (p < 0.007; p < 0.001).

Research limitations/implications
Even though the population of the study was adults living in different cities, the results should not be generalized to all adults and the whole country. Also, the fact that the answers to the questions were not face-to-face, could create a bias. Although the reliability coefficient was found to be high, the data reported by the individuals participating in the study about their behavior formed the study results.

Originality/value
This study makes an important contribution to the literature. Determining the knowledge, attitude and behavior of consumers about food safety is important in ensuring food safety.
Co-opetition, corporate responsibility and sustainability: why multi-dimensional constructs matter
Authors: Kumar Amit , Connell Julia , Bhattacharyya Asit 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis study aims to set out to develop and validate a new instrument to measure the multi-dimensional nature of co-opetition in corporate responsibility and sustainability (CRS). It is anticipated that this instrument will prove useful to firms wanting to adopt measures that support relevant sustainability strategies.Design/methodology/approachThe scale development concerns three separate components, namely, item generation through expert interviews; a pilot study conducted for scale purification; and a final study for scale confirmation and validation, respectively. The final study comprises 215 firms across 11 sectors in Australia that engage in co-opetitive alliances for CRS activities.FindingsThis study empirically validates the distinctiveness of three dimensions (commonality-driven, competition-driven and collaboration-driven) of co-opetition in relation to CRS resulting in a 15-item multi-dimensional scale. The three dimensions were found to be important aspects both in terms of scale validity and organisational consideration.Research limitations/implicationsThis study proposes a new research area regarding the proposed framework, as well as practical strategies for practitioners when considering co-opetition and their firm’s engagement in CRS activities.Originality/valuePrior studies in similar areas have mainly comprised conceptual or qualitative approaches and do not tend to focus on all three aspects of co-opetition, corporate social responsibility and sustainability.
Genomics and transcriptomics insights into luteolin effects on the beta‐rhizobial strain Cupriavidus necator UYPR2.512
Authors: Rodríguez‐Esperón M. C. , Eastman G. , Sandes L. , Garabato F. , Eastman I. , Iriarte A. , Fabiano E. , Sotelo‐Silveira J. R. , Platero R. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryCupriavidus necator UYPR2.512 is a rhizobial strain that belongs to the Beta‐subclass of proteobacteria, able to establish successful symbiosis with Mimosoid legumes. The initial steps of rhizobium‐legumes symbioses involve the reciprocal recognition by chemical signals, being luteolin one of the molecules involved. However, there is a lack of information on the effect of luteolin in beta‐rhizobia. In this work, we used long‐read sequencing to complete the genome of UYPR2.512 providing evidence for the existence of four closed circular replicons. We used an RNA‐Seq approach to analyse the response of UYPR2.512 to luteolin. One hundred and forty‐five genes were differentially expressed, with similar numbers of downregulated and upregulated genes. Most repressed genes were mapped to the main chromosome, while the upregulated genes were overrepresented among pCne512e, containing the symbiotic genes. Induced genes included the nod operon and genes implicated in exopolysaccharides and flagellar biosynthesis. We identified many genes involved in iron, copper and other heavy metals metabolism. Among repressed genes, we identified genes involved in basal carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Our results suggest that in response to luteolin, C. necator strain UYPR2.512 reshapes its metabolism in order to be prepared for the forthcoming symbiotic interaction.
Multi‐family therapy for separated parents in conflict and their children: intervention development and pilot evaluation
Authors: Mortimer Rose , Morris Emma , Pursch Benita , Roe Alice , Sleed Michelle 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEvidence demonstrates the deleterious impact of ongoing and poorly resolved parental conflict on children’s wellbeing. ‘No Kids in the Middle’ (NKM) is a multi‐family programme that aims to help high‐conflict separated parents find new ways of communicating. The aim of this study was to adapt, deliver and evaluate NKM in three UK pilot sites. This paper reports findings from interviews exploring families’ experiences of this intervention, and questionnaires which measured change for families over the course of the programme. Parents reported reductions in hostility and conflict when discussing parenting issues. Children reported improved wellbeing with respect to family life, and a reduction in ‘avoidance’ with respect to talking or thinking about parental conflict. Parents reported reduced internalising symptoms in children. The findings indicate that NKM could be a promising intervention for high‐conflict separated parents and their children, deliverable by frontline practitioners.
Practitioner points

Inter‐parental conflict can negatively impact children’s wellbeing

Multi‐family therapy may be a promising approach for separated parents experiencing co‐parenting conflict

After the NKM multi‐family programme, parents reported reduced levels of hostility and conflict when discussing parenting issues

At the end of the NKM programme, children reported improved wellbeing with respect to family life, and a reduction in ‘avoidance’ with respect to talking or thinking about family conflict. Relatedly, parents reported reduced internalising symptoms in children
Ginsenoside Rb1 alleviates liver injury induced by 3‐chloro‐1,2‐propanediol by stimulating autophagic flux
Authors: Lu Jianing , Lu Jing , Bu Xiujuan , Li Yazhuo , Ge Guangcai , Guan Shuang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn recent years, foodborne pollutants have become a hot issue in the field of food safety. 3‐chloro‐1,2‐propanediol (3‐MCPD) is a widely existing food contaminant. In our previous study, it was confirmed that 3‐MCPD can block autophagic flux by inhibiting lysosomal function, thus causing liver injury. Ginseng is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that contains a variety of bioactive ingredients, among which ginsenoside Rb1 (Gs‐Rb1) is the most abundant. In this study, we aim to use Gs‐Rb1 to improve 3‐MCPD‐induced autophagic flux blockage to alleviate liver injury. First, a nontoxic dose of Gs‐Rb1 was identified by screening with the MTT method in which Gs‐Rb1was added to HepG2 cells and co‐treated with 3‐MCPD. We found that Gs‐Rb1 effectively enhanced the cell activity inhibited by 3‐MCPD. Meanwhile, apoptosis data showed that Gs‐Rb1 significantly alleviated the apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by 3‐MCPD. Subsequently, we found that Gs‐Rb1 could alleviate autophagic flux blockage caused by 3‐MCPD in a dose‐dependent manner by detecting autophagy‐related protein levels and transfecting mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 adenovirus. On this basis, we used Western blotting and qPCR to explore whether miR‐128 was involved in the alleviation effect of Gs‐Rb1 on autophagic flux blockade induced by 3‐MCPD. The results showed that Gs‐Rb1 inhibited the expression of miR‐128 and promoted the nuclear expression and target gene transcription of TFEB. Finally, the findings were confirmed by using a hsa‐miR‐128 inhibitor and mimic. We found that hsa‐miR‐128 inhibitor alleviated the autophagic flux blockage and apoptosis caused by 3‐MCPD and Gs‐Rb1 also had a certain alleviation effect on the autophagic flux blockage and apoptosis caused by hsa‐miR‐128 mimic. This study elaborated the mechanism by which Gs‐Rb1 alleviates hepatotoxicity induced by foodborne 3‐MCPD by stimulating autophagic flux via miR‐128‐targeted TFEB, which provides a reliable theoretical basis and target for the use of natural substances to reduce the harm of food processing pollutants on the human body.Practical ApplicationWe found that natural ginsenoside Rb1 can alleviate liver injury induced by 3‐MCPD(a toxic substance found in foods such as refined vegetable oil, soy sauce, and baby milk powder), which is conducive to the development and utilization of ginseng and has practical significance for the prevention of foodborne liver injury.
Alpha2‐receptor agonists as adjuvants for brachial plexus nerve blocks—A systematic review with meta‐analyses
Authors: Andersen Jakob H. , Karlsen Anders , Geisler Anja , Jæger Pia , Grevstad Ulrik , Dahl Jørgen B. , Mathiesen Ole 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe review the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine and clonidine as perineural or systemic adjuvants for brachial plexus blocks (BPB).MethodsWe included randomised controlled trials on upper limb surgery with BPBs in adults, comparing dexmedetomidine with clonidine or either drug with placebo. The primary outcome was duration of analgesia. Secondary outcomes included adverse and serious adverse events. The review was conducted using Cochrane standards, trial sequential analyses (TSA) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).ResultsWe included 101 trials with 6248 patients. Overall, duration of analgesia was prolonged with both clonidine (176 min [TSA adj. 95% CI: 118, 205, p < .00001; 33 trials]) and dexmedetomidine (292 min [TSA adj. 95% CI: 245 329, p < .00001; 53 trials]), but was longer for dexmedetomidine than clonidine (205 min [TSA adj. 95% CI: 157, 254, p < .00001; 19 trials]). Compared with placebo, dexmedetomidine was associated with bradycardia (RR 4.2 [95% CI 2.2, 8.3]), and both clonidine (RR 4.5 [95% CI 1.1, 18.3]) and dexmedetomidine (RR 3.9 [95% CI 2.0, 7.5]) were associated with hypotension. Serious adverse events were mostly related to block technique. GRADE‐rated quality of evidence was low or very low.ConclusionAlpha2‐receptor agonists used as adjuvants for BPBs lead to a prolonged duration of analgesia, with dexmedetomidine as the most efficient. Alpha2‐receptor agonists were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events. The quality of evidence was low to very low.
Early cancer cachexia phenotype predicts survival of advanced urothelial cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab
Authors: Yamamoto Shumpei , Fukushima Hiroshi , Fukuda Shohei , Uehara Sho , Yasuda Yosuke , Tanaka Hajime , Yoshida Soichiro , Yokoyama Minato , Matsuoka Yoh , Fujii Yasuhisa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimWe aimed to explore the association between cancer cachexia phenotypes in the early phase of treatment induction and the prognosis of advanced urothelial cancer (aUC) patients receiving pembrolizumab.MethodsThis retrospective study included 31 aUC patients treated with pembrolizumab as a second‐ or later‐line therapy. Patients were categorized into three early cancer cachexia phenotypes by changes in skeletal muscle and total adipose indices calculated using computed tomography images taken immediately before and within 3 months after the initiation of pembrolizumab: No Wasting (NW, 11 patients), Fat‐Only Wasting (FW, 13), and Muscle and Fat Wasting (MFW, seven). Its association with objective response rate (ORR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 5.7 months. The median number of cycles of pembrolizumab was five. The ORR in NW/FW/MFW was 86%/38%/0%, respectively (p = 0.001). The PFS and OS rates were the best in NW, followed in order by FW and MFW (PFS, 69%/45%/0% at 12 months, p = 0.008; OS, 100%/65%/0% at 12 months, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis including posttherapeutic cachexia‐associated parameters, cancer cachexia phenotype (MFW vs. FW/NW) was an independent predictor of poor OS (hazard ratio 8.59, p < 0.001) along with an increase in neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.028).ConclusionEarly cancer cachexia phenotypes were significantly associated with the survival of aUC patients treated with pembrolizumab. In contrast to the very early progression and poor prognosis in the MFW group, long‐term survival can be expected in the NW/FW groups.
Experience with polyethylene glycol allergy‐guided risk management for COVID‐19 vaccine anaphylaxis
Authors: Brockow Knut , Mathes Sonja , Fischer Jörg , Volc Sebastian , Darsow Ulf , Eberlein Bernadette , Biedermann Tilo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPolyethylene glycol (PEG) may elicit anaphylaxis to COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines, and guidance for patients at risk is needed.MethodsIn retrospective patients with PEG allergy collected from 2006 till 2019, clinical, skin, and basophil activation test (BAT) characteristics discriminative for PEG allergy were analyzed and compared with the literature. In 421 prospective real‐life patients asking for allergy workup for COVID‐19 vaccine hypersensitivity in 2020/2021, risk assessment was performed and tolerance of the recommended vaccination approach was assessed.ResultsTen patients with PEG allergy were found in the retrospective cohort. Patients reacted with immediate anaphylaxis (100%) not only to PEG‐based laxatives/bowel preparations or injections, but also to cold medication, antiseptics, analgetics, or antibiotics. Skin tests ± BAT with PEG ± elicitors were positive in 10/10. Provocation tests were positive in 7/9 patients. From the prospective cohort, 370/421 patients self‐reporting increased risk for vaccine allergy lacked criteria necessitating allergy workup and were recommended for routine vaccination. A total of 51/421 patients were tested, and three (6%) with PEG allergy were identified, whereas 48 patients remained negative in skin tests. Vaccination was recommended in all those patients. No hypersensitivity reactions were reported to vaccination including six PEG‐allergic patients tolerating COVID‐19 vaccination.ConclusionsTaking a detailed history excluded PEG allergy in most referred patients and enabled direct safe vaccination. Immediate urticaria/anaphylaxis to typical elicitors identified patients requiring PEG allergy workup. Skin tests ± BAT identified PEG allergy and helped to select the vaccine and the vaccination approach. Even PEG‐allergic patients can tolerate COVID‐19 vaccines.
A Novel Bayesian Functional Spatial Partitioning Method with Application to Prostate Cancer Lesion Detection Using MRI
Authors: Masotti Maria , Zhang Lin , Leng Ethan , Metzger Gregory J. , Koopmeiners Joseph S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpatial partitioning methods correct for nonstationarity in spatially related data by partitioning the space into regions of local stationarity. Existing spatial partitioning methods can only estimate linear partitioning boundaries. This is inadequate for detecting an arbitrarily shaped anomalous spatial region within a larger area. We propose a novel Bayesian functional spatial partitioning (BFSP) algorithm, which estimates closed curves that act as partitioning boundaries around anomalous regions of data with a distinct distribution or spatial process. Our method utilizes transitions between a fixed Cartesian and moving polar coordinate system to model the smooth boundary curves using functional estimation tools. Using adaptive Metropolis-Hastings, the BFSP algorithm simultaneously estimates the partitioning boundary and the parameters of the spatial distributions within each region. Through simulation we show that our method is robust to shape of the target zone and region-specific spatial processes. We illustrate our method through the detection of prostate cancer lesions using magnetic resonance imaging.
Novel 1,3,5‐triazine‐nicotinohydrazide derivatives induce cell arrest and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cancer cells and inhibit osteosarcoma in a patient‐derived orthotopic xenograft mouse model
Authors: Su Qing , Xu Baolin , Tian Zhoubin , Gong Ziling 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study deals with developing novel 1,3,5‐triazine‐nicotinohydrazide derivatives as potent CDK9 inhibitors in a straightforward synthetic route with potent anti‐osteosarcoma activity. The most potent CDK9 inhibitor compound5kinhibits proliferation of MG‐63 cells via induction of apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. It reduces tumor progression in the patient‐derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) mouse model with significant antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity. In tumor tissue homogenates, it caused significant inhibition of CDK9 and inhibited the phosphorylation of RNAPII ser2 and reduced MCL‐1 expression in Western blot analysis. Compound5kalso showed considerable bioavailability in SD mice. Our results demonstrated that compound5kinhibits growth of OS in vitro and in vivo via inhibition of CDK9 which attenuated the downstream phosphorylation of RNAPII ser2 and represses expression of the anti‐apoptotic protein, MCL‐1 for the induction of apoptosis in OS.
Lessons from other disciplines for setting management thresholds for biodiversity conservation
Authors: Hilton Mairi , Walsh Jessica C. , Liddell Erin , Cook Carly N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSuccessful, state‐dependent management, in which the goal of management is to maintain a system in a desired state, involves defining the boundaries between different states. Once these boundaries have been defined, managers require a strategic action plan with thresholds that initiate management interventions to either maintain or return the system to a desired state. This approach to management is widely used across diverse industries from agriculture, to medicine, to information technology, but it has only been adopted in conservation management relatively recently. Conservation practitioners have expressed a willingness to integrate this structured approach in their management systems, but they have also voiced concerns, including lack of a robust process for doing so. Given the widespread use of state‐dependent management in other fields, we conducted an extensive review of the literature on threshold‐based management to gain insight into how and where it is applied and identify potential lessons for conservation management. We identified 22 industries using 75 different methods for setting management thresholds in 843 studies. Methods spanned six broad approaches, including expert driven, statistical, predictive, optimization, experimental, and artificial intelligence methods. The objectives of each of these studies influenced the approaches used, including the methods for setting thresholds and selecting actions, and the number of thresholds set. The role of value judgments in setting thresholds was clear; studies across all industries frequently involved experts in setting thresholds, often accompanied by computational tools to simulate the consequences of proposed thresholds under different conditions. Of the 30 conservation studies examined, two‐thirds used expert‐driven methods, consistent with prior evidence that experience‐based information often drives conservation management decisions. The methods we identified from other disciplines could help conservation decision makers set thresholds for management interventions in different contexts, linking monitoring to management actions and ensuring that conservation interventions are timely and effective.
Vergleichende Metaanalyse zur Behandlung atropher Aknenarben mit Erbium‐Laser versus CO2‐Laser
Authors: Husein‐ElAhmed Husein , Steinhoff Martin 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungFortschritte in der Lasertechnologie haben es in letzter Zeit ermöglicht, Textur, Erscheinungsbild und Elastizität der Haut bei Aknenarben zu verbessern. Es gibt allerdings noch keine vergleichenden Studien zu den gebräuchlichsten fraktionierten Lasersystemen bei Aknenarben. Das Ziel dieser Metaanalyse ist der Vergleich der klinischen Ergebnisse der Behandlung von Aknenarben mit Erbium‐Laser oder CO2‐Laser. Dazu wurden die Datenbanken PUBMED, EMBASE und Cochrane Library herangezogen. Es wurden die Verbesserung der Narben nach Beurteilung durch die Untersucher sowie durch die Patienten verglichen. Fünf Studien wurden eingeschlossen. Die Narben‐Verbesserung war durch beide Laser‐Behandlungen ähnlich, sowohl nach Beurteilung durch die Untersucher (RR: 0,60 95 %‐KI: 0,35–1,02) als auch durch die Patienten (RR: 0,99 95 %‐KI: 0,79–1,25). Nach Ausschluss von Studien mit hohem Verzerrungsrisiko durch Sensitivitätsanalyse war der CO2‐Laser dem Erbium‐Laser überlegen (RR: 0,47 95 %‐KI: 0,24–0,93). Die Subgruppen‐Analyse konnte allerdings keine signifikante Überlegenheit des CO2‐Lasers gegenüber dem nichtablativen (RR: 0,65 95 %‐KI: 0,34–1,24) oder dem ablativen Erbium‐Laser (RR: 0,60 95 %‐KI: 0,35–1,02) bestätigen. Nach Einschätzung der Untersucher war das klinische Ansprechen auf den CO2‐Laser im Vergleich zum Erbium‐Laser geringfügig besser. Insgesamt fanden sich keine wesentlichen Unterschiede in der Effektivität der beiden Laser‐Technologien. Die beiden Resurfacing‐Technologien könnten sich jedoch ergänzen, da sie Stärken bei unterschiedlichen klinischen Problemen zeigen.
Does cultural diversity contribute to the sustainable development of trade? Empirical evidence from 288 Chinese cities
Authors: Liu Jiayue , Hu Ying , Xie Jing , Li Bo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThere is mounting theoretical and empirical research that explains the reasons for the rapid expansion of China's export trade, but they mostly ignore the effects of cultural differences. To fill this gap, this paper provides an empirical investigation of how cultural diversity affects the sustainable development of trade, which is defined as the goal of maintaining certain volume of trade and making trade growth sustainable. The findings are as follows. (1) Cultural diversity can significantly promote the sustainable development of trade. (2) Entrepreneurship is the possible channel wherein cultural diversity affects the sustainable development of trade, including innovation entrepreneurship and business entrepreneurship. (3) Further studies demonstrate that economic openness has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between cultural diversity and the sustainable development of trade. That is, the higher the level of openness of a city, the stronger the promotion of cultural diversity to the sustainable development of trade. This study not only deepens understanding on the relationship between culture and trade but also provides important policy implications for many countries that have high migration rates.