bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy prior to surgery for mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review
Authors: Amin Neha , Maroun Christopher A. , El Asmar Margueritta , Alkhatib Hosam H. , Guller Meytal , Herberg Matthew E. , Zhu Gangcai , Seiwert Tanguy Y. , Pardoll Drew , Eisele David W. , Fakhry Carole , Gourin Christine G. , Mandal Rajarsi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGiven the recent successes of anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy, many clinical trials have sought to assess the safety and efficacy of this treatment modality in the neoadjuvant setting. This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of findings from neoadjuvant head and neck cancer immunotherapy clinical trials with a focus on PD‐1/PD‐L1 axis blockade. Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and clinicaltrials.gov were systematically searched for all eligible neoadjuvant head and neck cancer immunotherapy clinical trials. Eight clinical trials met the inclusion criteria comprising a total of 260 patients. Study drugs included nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, durvalumab, and tremelimumab. The overall mean objective response rate (ORR) was 45.9 ± 5.7% with a 41.5 ± 5.6% single agent mean ORR. There were no deaths due to immune‐related toxicities. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for mucosal head and neck squamous cell cancer has demonstrated favorable response rates with no unexpected immune‐related toxicities in phase I/II clinical trials.
Mettl3 promotes oxLDL‐mediated inflammation through activating STAT1 signaling
Authors: Li Zhenwei , Xu Qingqing , Huangfu Ning , Chen Xiaomin , Zhu Jianhua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAtherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of cerebrovascular diseases, and macrophages act important roles during the AS pathological process through regulating inflammation. Modification of the novel N(6)‐methyladenine (m6A) RNA is reported to be associated with AS, but its role in AS is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of m6A modification in inflammation triggered by oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in macrophages during AS.MethodsRAW264.7 macrophage cells were stimulated with 40 μg/ml ox‐LDL, Dot blot, Immunoprecipitation, western blot, Rip and chip experiments were used in our study.ResultsWe found oxLDL stimulation significantly promoted m6A modification level of mRNA in macrophages and knockdown of Methyltransferase‐Like Protein 3 (Mettl3) inhibited oxLDL‐induced m6A modification and inflammatory response. Mettl3 promoted oxLDL‐induced inflammatory response in macrophages through regulating m6A modification of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) mRNA, thereby affecting STAT1 expression and activation. Moreover, oxLDL stimulation enhanced the interaction between Mettl3 and STAT1 protein, promoting STAT1 transcriptional regulation of inflammatory factor expression in macrophages eventually.ConclusionsThese results indicate that Mettl3 promotes oxLDL‐triggered inflammation through interacting with STAT1 protein and mRNA in RAW264.7 macrophages, suggesting that Mettl3 may be as a potential target for the clinical treatment of AS.
Expression changes of serum LINC00941 and LINC00514 in HBV infection‐related liver diseases and their potential application values
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Tang Dongling , Li Huan , Zhang Pingan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are considered as potential diagnostic markers for a variety of tumors. Here, we aimed to explore the changes of LINC00941 and LINC00514 expression in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection‐related liver disease and evaluate their application value in disease diagnosis.MethodsSerum levels of LINC00941 and LINC00514 were detected by qRT‐PCR. Potential diagnostic values were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.ResultsSerum LINC00941 and LINC00514 levels were elevated in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with controls. When distinguishing HCC from controls, serum LINC00941 and LINC00514 had diagnostic parameters of an AUC of 0.919 and 0.808, sensitivity of 85% and 90%, and specificity of 86.67% and 56.67%, which were higher than parameters for alpha fetal protein (AFP) (all p < 0.0001). When distinguishing HCC from LC, CHB, or LC from controls, the combined detection of LINC00941 or LINC00514 can significantly improve the accuracy of AFP test alone (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsLINC00941 and LINC00514 were increased in the serum of HBV infection‐associated liver diseases and might be independent markers for the detection of liver diseases.
Melatonin attenuates reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury mediated by GSK‐3β and RIP1K
Authors: Yawoot Nuttapong , Sengking Jirakhamon , Wicha Piyawadee , Govitrapong Piyarat , Tocharus Chainarong , Tocharus Jiraporn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEven though astrocytes have been widely reported to support several brain functions, studies have emerged that they exert deleterious effects on the brain after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of melatonin on the processes of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation, as well as axonal regeneration after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham‐operated, I/R, I/R treated with melatonin, and I/R treated with edaravone. All drugs were administered via intraperitoneal injection at the onset of reperfusion and were continued until the rats were sacrificed on Day 7 or 14 after the surgery. Melatonin presented long‐term benefits on cerebral damage after I/R injury, as demonstrated by a decreased infarct volume, histopathological changes, and reduced neuronal cell death. We also found that melatonin attenuated reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation and, consequently, enhanced axonal regeneration and promoted neurobehavioral recovery. Furthermore, glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK‐3β) and receptor‐interacting serine/threonine‐protein 1 kinase (RIP1K), which had previously been revealed as proteins involved in astrocyte responses, were significantly reduced after melatonin administration. Taken together, melatonin effectively counteracted the deleterious effects due to astrocyte responses and improved axonal regeneration to promote functional recovery during the chronic phase of cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting GSK‐3β and RIP1K activities.
A national harmonised data collection network for neurodevelopmental disorders: A transdiagnostic assessment protocol for neurodevelopment, mental health, functioning and well‐being
Authors: Boulton Kelsie A. , Coghill David , Silove Natalie , Pellicano Elizabeth , Whitehouse Andrew J. O. , Bellgrove Mark A. , Rinehart Nicole J. , Lah Suncica , Redoblado‐Hodge Marie‐Antoinette , Badawi Nadia , Heussler Helen , Rogerson Nicole , Burns Joshua , Farrar Michelle A. , Nanan Ralph , Novak Iona , Goldwater Micah B. , Munro Natalie , Togher Leanne , Nassar Natasha , Quinn Phillipa , Middeldorp Christel M. , Guastella Adam J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildren with neurodevelopmental disorders share common phenotypes, support needs and comorbidities. Such overlap suggests the value of transdiagnostic assessment pathways that contribute to knowledge about research and clinical needs of these children and their families. Despite this, large transdiagnostic data collection networks for neurodevelopmental disorders are not well developed. This paper describes the development of a nationally supported transdiagnostic clinical and research assessment protocol across Australia. The vision is to establish a harmonised network for data collection and collaboration that promotes transdiagnostic clinical practice and research.MethodsClinicians, researchers and community groups across Australia were consulted using surveys and national summits to identify assessment instruments and unmet needs. A national research committee was formed and, using a consensus approach, selected assessment instruments according to pre‐determined criteria to form a harmonised transdiagnostic assessment protocol.ResultsIdentified assessment instruments were clustered into domains of transdiagnostic assessment needs, which included child functioning/quality of life, child mental health, caregiver mental health, and family background information. From this, the research committee identified a core set of nine measures and an extended set of 14 measures that capture these domains with potential for further modifications as recommended by clinicians, researchers and community members.ConclusionThe protocol proposed here was established through a strong partnership between clinicians, researchers and the community. It will enable (i) consensus driven transdiagnostic clinical assessments for children with neurodevelopmental disorders, and (ii) research studies that will inform large transdiagnostic datasets across neurodevelopmental disorders and that can be used to inform research and policy beyond narrow diagnostic groups. The long‐term vision is to use this framework to facilitate collaboration across clinics to enable large‐scale data collection and research. Ultimately, the transdiagnostic assessment data can be used to inform practice and improve the lives of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their families.
Time to synchronize our clocks: Connecting developmental mechanisms and evolutionary consequences of heterochrony
Authors: Dobreva Mariya P. , Camacho Jasmin , Abzhanov Arkhat 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHeterochrony, defined as a change in the timing of developmental events altering the course of evolution, was first recognized by Ernst Haeckel in 1866. Haeckel's original definition was meant to explain the observed parallels between ontogeny and phylogeny, but the interpretation of his work became a source of controversy over time. Heterochrony took its modern meaning following the now classical work in the 1970–80s by Steven J. Gould, Pere Alberch, and co‐workers. Predicted and described heterochronic scenarios emphasize the many ways in which developmental changes can influence evolution. However, while important examples of heterochrony detected with comparative morphological methods have multiplied, the more mechanistic understanding of this phenomenon lagged conspicuously behind. Considering the rapid progress in imaging and molecular tools available now for developmental biologists, this review aims to stress the need to take heterochrony research to the next level. It is time to synchronize the different levels of heterochrony research into a single analysis flow: from studies on organismal‐level morphology to cells to molecules and genes, using complementary techniques. To illustrate how to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of phyletic morphological diversification associated with heterochrony, we discuss several recent case studies at various phylogenetic scales that combine morphological, cellular, and molecular analyses. Such a synergistic approach offers to more fully integrate phylogenetic and ontogenetic dimensions of the fascinating evolutionary phenomenon of heterochrony.
Viral loads and profile of the patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta, Alpha, or R.1 variants in Tokyo
Authors: Tani‐Sassa Chihiro , Iwasaki Yumi , Ichimura Naoya , Nagano Katsutoshi , Takatsuki Yuna , Yuasa Sonoka , Takahashi Yuta , Nakajima Jun , Sonobe Kazunari , Nukui Yoko , Takeuchi Hiroaki , Tanimoto Kousuke , Tanaka Yukie , Kimura Akinori , Tohda Shuji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe rapid spread of the Delta variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) became a serious concern worldwide in summer 2021. We examined the copy number and variant types of all SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive patients who visited our hospital from February to August 2021 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Whole genome sequencing was performed for some samples. The R.1 variant (B.1.1.316) was responsible for most infections in March, replacing the previous variant (B.1.1.214); the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant caused most infections in April and May; and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) was the most prevalent in July and August. There was no significant difference in the copy numbers among the previous variant cases (n = 29, median 3.0 × 104 copies/µl), R.1 variant cases (n = 28, 2.1 × 105 copies/µl), Alpha variant cases (n = 125, 4.1 × 105 copies/µl), and Delta variant cases (n = 106, 2.4 × 105 copies/µl). Patients with Delta variant infection were significantly younger than those infected with R.1 and the previous variants, possibly because many elderly individuals in Tokyo were vaccinated between May and August. There was no significant difference in mortality among the four groups. Our results suggest that the increased infectivity of Delta variant may be caused by factors other than the higher viral loads. Clarifying these factors is important to control the spread of Delta variant infection.
Silicon spraying alleviates calcium deficiency in tomato plants, but Ca‐EDTA is toxic
Authors: de Souza Alonso Tales Arthur , Ferreira Barreto Rafael , de Mello Prado Renato , Pereira de Souza Jonas , Falleiros Carvalho Rogério 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The occurrence of calcium (Ca)‐related disorders is common in tomato production and may be due to factors such as excess nitrogen (N) fertilization. Thus, Ca sprays are often applied as preventive measure to avoid the occurrence of blossom‐end rot. In addition, evidence indicates that Si can act beneficially on tomatoes and relieve Ca deficiency.
Aims: We aimed to verify the effects of Ca‐EDTA and Si application on tomatoes experiencing moderate Ca deficiency.
Methods: Tomato plants were grown in nutrient solutions with Ca sufficiency (+CaR) or Ca deficiency (–CaR) or under conditions of –CaR plus 25 mM Ca‐EDTA shoot sprays (–CaR +CaS), –CaR plus 7.1 mM Si shoot sprays (–CaR +SiS) or –CaR +CaSiS, with a total of nineteen sprays being supplied after anthesis, per foliar treatment.
Results: Plants grown under –CaR had smaller leaves and fruits, and new shoots were deformed. Plants that were sprayed with Ca‐EDTA and Ca‐EDTA plus Si in the same solution developed more blossoms than those grown without Ca; however, they showed chlorosis and necrosis on the edges of older leaves, i.e., Ca‐EDTA was toxic. However, the plants sprayed with Si alone were the most similar to control plants, showing only deformations in the younger leaves.
Conclusion: Ca‐EDTA at 25 mM sprayed twice a week after anthesis, totaling 19 sprays, caused toxicity in MT tomatoes. Sodium silicate (7.1 mM Si) sprayed twice a week after anthesis, totaling 19 sprays, made MT tomatoes less sensitive to Ca deficiency. Thus, we highlighted the potential of Si spraying to alleviate the slight Ca deficiency, which is relatively common in horticulture.
Will accelerated soil development be a driver of Arctic Greening in the late 21st century?#
Authors: Doetterl Sebastian , Alexander Jake , Fior Simone , Frossard Aline , Magnabosco Cara , van de Broek Marijn , Westergaard Kristine Bakke 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTake‐Home MessageClimate warming is transforming the Arctic at an unprecedented rate with previously barren and sparsely vegetated landscapes undergoing “greening”. We postulate that the observed vegetation changes throughout the Arctic are not only tied to warming, but to changes in soil properties and their impacts on plants and soil microbial communities. A key to understanding extent and patterns of greening of formerly sparsely vegetated Arctic environments will be to unravel the interactions between the biosphere and the role of soil genesis.
Dipping fresh‐cut apples in citric acid before plasma‐integrated low‐pressure cooling improves Salmonella and polyphenol oxidase inactivation
Authors: Adam Abdullahi M , Jeganathan Brasathe , Vasanthan Thava , Roopesh M S 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDReady‐to‐eat fruit and vegetable products have gained tremendous popularity in recent years. The main challenges associated with these minimally processed products are their short shelf life and high food safety concerns. In this study, our goal was to develop an integrated process to both reduce the Salmonella population by >5 log CFU g−1) and to reduce polyphenol oxidase activity, followed by quickly cooling the product. We compared the effect of a sequential treatment of dipping in citric acid (CA) followed by cold plasma (CP) treatment on the inactivation of Salmonella Typhimurium, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, browning, total phenolic content and the moisture loss of cut apples during the plasma‐integrated low‐pressure cooling (PiLPC) process.RESULTSThe greatest inactivation of Salmonella (5.68 log CFU g−1) and the highest PPO inactivation (78%) were observed after dipping cut apples in 5% CA, followed by 3 min of CP treatment. The color of cut apples remained relatively unchanged, with a fresh‐like appearance during 7 days of storage at 4 °C after this combined treatment. Although the low‐pressure cooling time was increased when samples were pre‐dipped in CA, related to those undipped, the moisture loss was reduced by more than 50% during the PiLPC process. No significant reduction in phenolic content was observed during the PiLPC when the samples were pre‐dipped in 5% CA.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate the potential of this integrated process for the inactivation of endogenous food enzymes and bacterial pathogens in fresh‐cut apples. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Management of colorectal cancer during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Recommendations from a statewide multidisciplinary cancer collaborative
Authors: Brajcich Brian C. , Benson Al B. , Gantt Gerald , Eng Oliver S. , Marsh Robert W. , Mulcahy Mary F. , Polite Blase N. , Shogan Benjamin D. , Yang Anthony D. , Merkow Ryan P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 has resulted in significant disruptions in cancer care. The Illinois Cancer Collaborative (ILCC), a statewide multidisciplinary cancer collaborative, has developed expert recommendations for triage and management of colorectal cancer when disruptions occur in usual care. Such recommendations would be applicable to future outbreaks of COVID‐19 or other large‐scale disruptions in cancer care.
Intellectual capital as a longitudinal predictor of company performance in a developing economy
Authors: Dzenopoljac Vladimir , Kwiatek Piotr , Dzenopoljac Aleksandra , Bontis Nick 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study assesses whether intellectual capital (IC), measured using the Value‐Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC), can predict the financial and market performance of listed companies in a developing economy. Panel data from all 174 companies listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange were analyzed. Four company performance measures were investigated: return on assets, return on equity, market/book value, and market capitalization. Eight competitive longitudinal models were evaluated using SEM–PLS, as well as the 1‐year, 2‐year, and 3‐year lags. VAIC possesses significant predictive power on company performance, but only on return on assets and return on equity, with a stronger predictive power for the 2‐year lag. When analyzing the 3‐year lag, the model fit decreases significantly. This suggests that VAIC has no significant predictive power on analyzed market performance measures. Most extant literature on IC does not explicitly quantify its lagged effect and predictive power on company performance. Additionally, existing research focuses less on developing economies. The research was conducted in a developing economy with a relatively young and inefficient financial market. This rationalizes the findings in which IC cannot predict market performance. Additionally, the time span considered is only 5 years from the 21 years analyzed. Useful managerial insights on the evident lagged effect and predictive power of IC in a developing economy are provided. Quantifying the effect size adds value to the further understanding of IC's nature.
Identifying Barriers in Access to Care for Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Field Study in Dakar
Authors: Beaudoin Pier‐Luc , Munden Julia , Faye Mamadou , Ndiaye Issa C. , Sewitch Maida , Ayad Tareck , Poenaru Dan 
Published: November 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify barriers in access to care for head and neck cancer (H&NC) patients in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), specifically within Dakar, Senegal, using both quantitative and qualitative data.Study DesignDescriptive observational study.MethodsPatients with H&NC were selected from two independent university hospitals in Dakar, Senegal. A mixed‐methods descriptive study was performed using a specifically tailored questionnaire and a focused ethnographic qualitative approach to identify factors that delay patient presentation, referral, and treatment. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative using a deductive approach based on a systematic review of the literature.ResultsThirty‐three patients with a mean age of 57.8 years were included. Presentation delay was 5.7 months, mainly attributed to cost of consultation (39%), waiting time at doctor's office (15%), and distance to healthcare facility (12%). Referral delay greater than 3 months was observed in 60% of participants, secondary to misdiagnosis and lack of appropriate referral. Treatment delay was associated with limited local treatment capacity and securing cost of treatment. Cost of transportation impacted all delays.ConclusionsThis work used an evidence‐based approach to identify barriers in access to care for H&NC patients in sub‐Saharan Africa. It suggests the feasibility and transferability of this methodology which combined a quantitative approach based on the literature with a qualitative analysis. Insight provided by this study will be used to guide development of implementation strategies for early detection of H&NC in LMICs.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:1219–1223, 2022