bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiological outcomes following manual and robotic-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kazarian Gregory S. , Barrack Robert L. , Barrack Toby N. , Lawrie Charles M. , Nunley Ryan M. 
Published: March 2021

AimsThe purpose of this study was to compare the radiological outcomes of manual versus robotic-assisted medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).MethodsPostoperative radiological outcomes from 86 consecutive robotic-assisted UKAs (RAUKA group) from a single academic centre were retrospectively reviewed and compared to 253 manual UKAs (MUKA group) drawn from a prior study at our institution. Femoral coronal and sagittal angles (FCA, FSA), tibial coronal and sagittal angles (TCA, TSA), and implant overhang were radiologically measured to identify outliers.ResultsWhen assessing the accuracy of RAUKAs, 91.6% of all alignment measurements and 99.2% of all overhang measurements were within the target range. All alignment and overhang targets were simultaneously met in 68.6% of RAUKAs. When comparing radiological outcomes between the RAUKA and MUKA groups, statistically significant differences were identified for combined outliers in FCA (2.3% vs 12.6%; p = 0.006), FSA (17.4% vs 50.2%; p < 0.001), TCA (5.8% vs 41.5%; p < 0.001), and TSA (8.1% vs 18.6%; p = 0.023), as well as anterior (0.0% vs 4.7%; p = 0.042), posterior (1.2% vs 13.4%; p = 0.001), and medial (1.2% vs 14.2%; p < 0.001) overhang outliers.ConclusionRobotic system navigation decreases alignment and overhang outliers compared to manual UKA. Given the association between component placement errors and revision in UKA, this strong significant improvement in accuracy may improve implant survival. Level of Evidence: III Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2-3:191–197.
Distributed strain and temperature sensing over 100  km using tunable-wavelength OTDR based on MEMS filters
Authors: Taranov M. A. , Gorshkov B. G. , Alekseev A. E. , Potapov V. T. 
Published: March 2021

The possibility of distributed wide-range strain and temperature measurements in a 100 km long optical fiber using tunable-wavelength low-coherence optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is demonstrated. The specified distance range is provided by employing two narrowband microelectromechanical system (MEMS) spectral filters tuned synchronously as well as by taking advantage of Raman amplification and amplification by remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber segments built into the fiber under test. With the time of a single measurement of 10 min and the spatial resolution of about 1 m, the measurement range reached 1000 µɛ in strain units, which is equivalent to the temperature range of 110°C.
Thermally tunable terahertz vortex beam generator based on an InSb metasurface
Authors: He Bin , Fan Junpeng , Cheng Yonghzi , Chen Fu , Luo Hui , Gong Rongzhou 
Published: March 2021

In this work, a thermally tunable dielectric metasurface (DMS) composed of InSb cylindrical micropillars is proposed to generate vortex beam in the terahertz region. The full

2

π

phase shift could be realized at resonance frequency for the incident linearly polarized wave by changing the diameter of InSb cylindrical micropillars. In addition, the resonance frequencies vary with the temperatures of the InSb cylindrical micropillars. More specifically, the resonance frequency will be moved from 0.69 to 1.65 THz when the temperature increases from 240 K to 340 K, and the corresponding transmission coefficients are higher than 0.5. Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentums with different topological charges at 1.27 THz (

T
=

300

K

) and thermally tunable vortex beams with topological charge

m
=
−

2

can be achieved. The results showed that the generated vortex beams have high mode purity under different external environment temperatures. The vortex beam generator can reconstruct the operating frequency without changing the physical size, which has great potential in terahertz imaging, detecting, and communication.
Steering paradox for Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen argument and its extended inequality
Authors: Feng Tianfeng , Ren Changliang , Feng Qin , Luo Maolin , Qiang Xiaogang , Chen Jing-Ling , Zhou Xiaoqi 
Published: March 2021

The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) paradox is one of the milestones in quantum foundations, arising from the lack of a local realistic description of quantum mechanics. The EPR paradox has stimulated an important concept of “quantum nonlocality,” which manifests itself in three types: quantum entanglement, quantum steering, and Bell’s nonlocality. Although Bell’s nonlocality is more often used to show “quantum nonlocality,” the original EPR paradox is essentially a steering paradox. In this work, we formulate the original EPR steering paradox into a contradiction equality, thus making it amenable to experimental verification. We perform an experimental test of the steering paradox in a two-qubit scenario. Furthermore, by starting from the steering paradox, we generate a generalized linear steering inequality and transform this inequality into a mathematically equivalent form, which is friendlier for experimental implementation, i.e., one may measure the observables only in the

x

,

y

, or

z

axis of the Bloch sphere, rather than other arbitrary directions. We also perform experiments to demonstrate this scheme. Within the experimental errors, the experimental results coincide with theoretical predictions. Our results deepen the understanding of quantum foundations and provide an efficient way to detect the steerability of quantum states.
Determinants of compliance to the facemask directive in Greece: A population study
Authors: Labiris Georgios , Panagiotopoulou Eirini-Kanella , Perente Asli , Chatzimichael Eleftherios , Fotiadis Ioannis , Taliantzis Sergios , Konstantinidis Aristeidis , Dardabounis Doukas 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
Primary objective of this study was to identify potential difficulties and/or discomfort when using a facemask. Moreover, to explore the impact of spectacles, contact lenses and visual acuity on the compliance to the facemask directive.

Methods
This is a prospective study that was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece between June 2020 and August 2020. Greek speaking citizens with permanent residency in Greece above 18 years old were included. A custom questionnaire (DeMask-20) was constructed and validated, which pertained to the perceived difficulty and discomfort when using a facemask. It contained 20 items grouped in 8 subscales (driving, near vision, distance vision, ocular discomfort, role limitation, collaboration, dependency on others, emotional stress). Perceived difficulty and discomfort when using a facemask, compliance and correlations of compliance with DeMask-20 scores, demographics, spectacle and/or contact lens use, and visual acuity were evaluated.

Results
The number of factors was determined through factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.716 for the “Role limitation” subscale to 0.938 for “Ocular discomfort” subscale. 1,214 participants (402 men, 812 women, mean age 36.79±12.50 years) completed the DeMask-20 instrument. Mean DeMask-20 score of all study participants was 3.79±0.71. Significant differences in DeMask-20 score were detected in gender (p = 0.009), spectacle use (p = 0.034), contact lens use (p = 0.049), and binocular distance visual acuity (bDVA) (p = 0.001). Mean compliance of all participants was 4.05±0.96. Men, people <50 years and spectacle wearers showed significantly worse compliance (p<0.05). Moreover, professional workers and professional drivers demonstrated significantly better compliance (p = 0.008 and p = 0.047). Significant correlation was detected between compliance and DeMask-20 score (p<0.001, R2 = 0.471). Significant correlations were detected with driving, near vision, distance vision, collaboration, role limitation, emotional stress (p<0.05, R2: 0.386–0.493).

Conclusions
Factor analysis suggested that the DeMask-20 instrument demonstrates adequate validity, while Cronbach’s alpha indicated sufficient internal consistency of all subscales. This study provided the necessary methods that could evaluate compliance trends and the efficacy of healthcare interventions against COVID-19. Our outcomes suggest that young males who use spectacles should be targeted by Greek Healthcare authorities in order to improve compliance rates.
The experience of care partners of patients with Parkinson’s disease psychosis
Authors: Mantri Sneha , Klawson Emily , Albert Steven , Rapoport Robyn , Precht Chelle , Glancey Sarah , Daeschler Margaret , Mamikonyan Eugenia , Kopil Catherine M. , Marras Connie , Chahine Lana M. 
Published: March 2021

Background
Parkinson’s disease psychosis (PDP) has a major impact on quality of life and care partner burden; however, little is known about the lived experiences of care partners in managing PDP.

Objective
To understand how care partners of individuals with PDP experience their role and articulate their needs related to psychosis.

Methods
This was a qualitative study of semi-structured telephone interviews. Recruitment was conducted online via the clinical study matching tool, Fox Trial Finder; study activities took place remotely via telephone interviews. Transcripts of the phone interviews were analyzed by grounded theory methods, and a codebook of key themes that emerged from the analysis was developed.

Results
Nine care partners (all female) were interviewed. Discussion topics in the codebook included (1) care partner burden and guilt; (2) communication with medical professionals; (3) coping strategies; (4) emotional reactions of the care partner to psychosis; (5) sources of knowledge about PD psychosis; (6) attitudes towards medications for PDP; (7) strategies to care for loved ones with psychosis; (8) psychosis triggers.

Conclusions
This qualitative analysis uncovers important aspects of the care partner experience, including challenges in navigating the medical system and communicating with professionals. Providers treating patients with PDP should be aware of these constraints and provide added support for strained care partners.
SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a tri-national urban area is dominated by a B.1 lineage variant linked to a mass gathering event
Authors: Stange Madlen , Mari Alfredo , Roloff Tim , Seth-Smith Helena MB , Schweitzer Michael , Brunner Myrta , Leuzinger Karoline , Søgaard Kirstine K. , Gensch Alexander , Tschudin-Sutter Sarah , Fuchs Simon , Bielicki Julia , Pargger Hans , Siegemund Martin , Nickel Christian H. , Bingisser Roland , Osthoff Michael , Bassetti Stefano , Schneider-Sliwa Rita , Battegay Manuel , Hirsch Hans H. , Egli Adrian 
Published: March 2021

The first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Basel, Switzerland was detected on February 26th 2020. We present a phylogenetic study to explore viral introduction and evolution during the exponential early phase of the local COVID-19 outbreak from February 26th until March 23rd. We sequenced SARS-CoV-2 naso-oropharyngeal swabs from 746 positive tests that were performed at the University Hospital Basel during the study period. We successfully generated 468 high quality genomes from unique patients and called variants with our COVID-19 Pipeline (COVGAP), and analysed viral genetic diversity using PANGOLIN taxonomic lineages. To identify introduction and dissemination events we incorporated global SARS-CoV-2 genomes and inferred a time-calibrated phylogeny. Epidemiological data from patient questionnaires was used to facilitate the interpretation of phylogenetic observations. The early outbreak in Basel was dominated by lineage B.1 (83·6%), detected first on March 2nd, although the first sample identified belonged to B.1.1. Within B.1, 68·2% of our samples fall within a clade defined by the SNP C15324T (‘Basel cluster’), including 157 identical sequences at the root of the ‘Basel cluster’, some of which we can specifically trace to regional spreading events. We infer the origin of B.1-C15324T to mid-February in our tri-national region. The other genomes map broadly over the global phylogenetic tree, showing several introduction events from and/or dissemination to other regions of the world via travellers. Family transmissions can also be traced in our data. A single lineage variant dominated the outbreak in the Basel area while other lineages, such as the first (B.1.1), did not propagate. A mass gathering event was the predominant initial source of cases, with travel returners and family transmissions to a lesser extent. We highlight the importance of adding specific questions to epidemiological questionnaires, to obtain data on attendance of large gatherings and their locations, as well as travel history, to effectively identify routes of transmissions in up-coming outbreaks. This phylogenetic analysis in concert with epidemiological and contact tracing data, allows connection and interpretation of events, and can inform public health interventions.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04351503.
Ixekizumab Associated New-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Nazarian Amir , Grin Andrea , Wijeratne Don Thiwanka 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Ixekizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-17 approved for the treatment of psoriasis. In a recent post hoc meta-analysis of Phase-I to Phase-III clinical trials of anti-interleukin-17 agents for the treatment of plaque psoriasis, there was a rare association (<1%) with induction or exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease. We report a case of new-onset ileal Crohn's disease in a 48-year-old woman on ixekizumab for psoriasis.
Lung Metastasis Postradioembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Tumor in Vein
Authors: Kapoor Harit , Sanampudi Sreeja , Owen Joseph , Raissi Driss 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is one of the few treatment options available for infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor in vein. This is backed by the published data showing marginally favorable toxicity profile compared with other locoregional and systemic therapies. Although lung shunt fraction studies are performed to prevent radiation injury to the lungs, TARE-induced embolization/metastasis to the lungs has not been reported before. We report an intriguing case of new lung metastases within 1 month after TARE for infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma with a tumor in the vein, with only a slightly elevated but acceptable lung shunt fraction. This report brings to light the possibility of such a complication and argues for improved preprocedural assessment of a tumor in vein burden and embolization potential.
Vanishing Bile Duct Syndrome Preceding the Diagnosis of Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Anugwom Chimaobi , Goetz Grete , Hassan Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Vanishing bile duct syndrome is an acquired liver disease characterized by the progressive destruction and loss of intrahepatic bile ducts. It usually signifies end-stage cholestatic liver disease and is characterized by ductopenia on liver biopsy specimen. We present a case of vanishing bile duct syndrome as the presenting symptom in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma with subsequent improvement after adequate treatment of the lymphoma.
Shear Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using GFRP Wraps
Authors: Saafan M. A. A. 
Published: March 2021

The objective of the experimental work described in this paper was to investigate the efficiency of GFRP composites in strengthening simply supported reinforced concrete beams designed with insufficient shear capacity. Using the hand lay-up technique, successive layers of a woven fiberglass fabric were bonded along the shear span to increase the shear capacity and to avoid catastrophic premature failure modes. The strengthened beams were fabricated with no web reinforcement to explore the efficiency of the proposed strengthening technique using the results of control beams with closed stirrups as a web reinforcement. The test results of 18 beams are reported, addressing the influence of different shear strengthening schemes and variable longitudinal reinforcement ratios on the structural behavior. The results indicated that significant increases in the shear strength and improvements in the overall structural behavior of beams with insufficient shear capacity could be achieved by proper application of GFRP wraps.
Intelligent Support for a Computer Aided Design Optimisation Cycle
Authors: Dolšak B. , Novak M. , Kaljun J. 
Published: March 2021

It is becoming more and more evident that adding intelligence to existing computer aids, such as computer aided design systems, can lead to significant improvements in the effective and reliable performance of various engineering tasks, including design optimisation. This paper presents three different intelligent modules to be applied within a computer aided design optimisation cycle to enable more intelligent and less experience-dependent design performance.
Preparation of Thin Metal Layers on Polymers
Authors: Siegel J. , Kotál V. 
Published: March 2021

Continuous gold layers of increasing thickness were prepared by the vacuum deposition method on pristine and plasma modified sheets of PE, PET and PTFE. Various surface profiles were obtained. The surface morphology was studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The continuity of the metal layer on the polymer surface was validated by measuring its electrical resistance. Changes in the wettability of the plasma treated polymers were evaluated by measuring the aging curves. These were obtained as the dependence of contact angle on ageing time.
Small Extracellular Vesicles Control Dendritic Spine Development through Regulation of HDAC2 Signaling
Authors: Zhang Longbo , Lin Tiffany V. , Yuan Qianying , Sadoul Remy , Lam TuKiet T. , Bordey Angélique 
Published: March 2021

The release of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) has recently been reported, but knowledge of their function in neuron development remains limited. Using LC-MS/MS, we found that sEVs released from developing cortical neuronsin vitroobtained from mice of both sexes were enriched in cytoplasm, exosome, and protein-binding and DNA/RNA-binding pathways. The latter included HDAC2, which was of particular interest, because HDAC2 regulates spine development, and populations of neurons expressing different levels of HDAC2 co-existin vivoduring the period of spine growth. Here, we found that HDAC2 levels decrease in neurons as they acquire synapses and that sEVs from HDAC2-rich neurons regulate HDAC2 signaling in HDAC2-low neurons possibly through HDAC2 transfer. This regulation led to a transcriptional decrease in HDAC2 synaptic targets and the density of excitatory synapses. These data suggest that sEVs provide inductive cell-cell signaling that coordinates the development of dendritic spines via the activation of HDAC2-dependent transcriptional programs.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs; also called exosomes) in neuronal development is of particular interest, because sEVs could provide a major signaling modality between developing neurons when synapses are not fully functional or immature. However, knowledge of sEVs on neuron, and more precisely spine development, is limited. We provide several lines of evidence that sEVs released from developing cortical neurons regulate the development of dendritic spines via the regulation of HDAC2 signaling. This paracrine communication is temporally restricted during development because of the age-dependent decrease in sEV release as neurons mature and acquire spines.
Radiological and histological characteristics of patients with interstitial lung disease undergoing lung biopsy in a reference institution from eastern Colombia
Authors: Vargas-Ramírez Leslie Katherine , Cano-Rosales Diana Jimena , Bolívar-Aguilar Isabel Cristina , Vásquez-Cardona Lina María , Rodríguez-Corredor Lizeth Catherine , Porras-Bueno Cristian Orlando , Berdugo-Pereira Eliana Milena 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary approach and, in some cases, lung biopsy. Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as the radiological and histological findings, of patients with ILD who required lung biopsy after a multidisciplinary board (pneumology, radiology, and pathology) of a reference center for respiratory diseases in Bucaramanga, Colombia, failed to reach the ILD diagnosis. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study. The medical records of 56 patients treated at the Instituto Neumológico del Oriente who underwent lung biopsy between 2015 and 2019 were reviewed. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated for demographic and clinical variables, respectively, to characterize them. A bivariate analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test to determine whether there were differences in the distribution of the sociodemographic and clinical variables according to the radiological patterns and the final histological diagnosis. Results: Participants’ median age was 67 years (IQR: 59-72) and 55.35% were men. 43 patients had a radiological pattern inconsistent with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP); 4 had a pattern consistent with possible UIP; and 9 had a pattern consistent with UIP. The most common histologic diagnoses were hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) (32.14%), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) (17.86%), and UIP (19.64%). Conclusion: In the study population, the primary reason for performing a lung biopsy was the presence of a radiologic pattern inconsistent with UIP, with HP being the predominant histopathological diagnosis. This is the first study to characterize patients with ILD who underwent lung biopsy in eastern Colombia, making a significant contribution to our understanding of the disease’s epidemiology in the country.
Il significato nascosto dietro la sofferenza umana: una visione cristiana sul Mistero della Croce
Authors: Fagiolo Maria 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate how each man could rise from a suffering circumstance, discovering in it an opportunity for inner conquest. This is the strong human potential as Homo Patiens. In this way it is possible to assert the opposite thesis concerning a deterministic view of human being. The main solution the paper offers in any given set of pain experience is Christian faith as the only way to discover the hidden meaning of suffering. The essay develops a Christian analysis about human pain and it takes in consideration, most of all, the reflections of Edith Stein and the Holy Pope st. John Paul II in view of deepening the saving philosophy proposed by the Mystery of the Cross.
The Fifth Gospel in the Context of the Way of St. James
Authors: Ostrowski Maciej , Wiater-Kawecka Anna 
Published: March 2021

What is referred to as the Fifth Gospel is the tangible and intangible memorabilia from the area of the present-day Holy Land. The buildings, landscape, nature, social atmosphere and customs cultivated till this very day allow to have a better understanding of the inspired biblical texts. The authors prove this thesis to be valid. They show that although it is mainly used in the pastoral care of pilgrims, it is not devoid of theological foundations. People experience faith also in a physical manner. Sensual experiences associated with the stay in the Holy Land make it easier to grasp spiritual matters and to reinforce faith. The article illustrates the issue in question with a few practical examples. The closing paragraphs formulate pastoral postulates. They show how the experience of visiting the land of biblical events can be used in the pastoral care of pilgrims more effectively.