bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short versus standard esophageal myotomy in achalasia patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Chandan Saurabh , Facciorusso Antonio , Khan Shahab R. , Ramai Daryl , Mohan Babu P. , Bilal Mohammad , Dhindsa Banreet , Kassab Lena L. , Goyal Hemant , Perisetti Abhilash , Bhat Ishfaq , Singh Shailender , McDonough Stephanie , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Despite the clinical efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), postoperative symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains a major concern. While it is known that length of the gastric myotomy affects postoperative GERD, the clinical relevance of variation in esophageal myotomy length is not well known. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing outcomes of short versus standard myotomy length in patients with achalasia.
Patients and methods We searched multiple databases from inception through November 2020 to identify studies that reported on outcomes of achalasia patients who underwent short compared with standard esophageal myotomy. Meta-analysis was performed to determine pooled odds ratio (OR) of clinical success, GERD outcomes, and adverse events with the two techniques.
Results 5 studies with 474 patients were included in the final analysis (short myotomy group 214, standard myotomy group 260). There was no difference in clinical success (OR 1.17, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.54–2.52; I2 0 %; P = 0.69), postoperative symptomatic GERD (OR 0.87, 95 %CI 0.44–1.74; I2 29 %; P = 0.70), and overall adverse events (OR 0.52, 95 %CI 0.19–1.38; I2 40 %; P = 0.19), between the two groups. Incidence of postoperative erosive esophagitis as determined by endoscopy was lower in the short myotomy group (OR 0.50, 95 %CI 0.24–1.03; I2 0 %; P = 0.06).
Conclusion Our analysis showed that performing POEM with short esophageal myotomy in achalasia was as safe and effective as standard myotomy, with lower incidence of postoperative erosive esophagitis.
Artificial intelligence and colon capsule endoscopy: automatic detection of blood in colon capsule endoscopy using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Mascarenhas Saraiva Miguel , Ferreira João P. S. , Cardoso Hélder , Afonso João , Ribeiro Tiago , Andrade Patrícia , Parente Marco P. L. , Jorge Renato N. , Macedo Guilherme 
Published: August 2021

AbstractColon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is a minimally invasive alternative to conventional colonoscopy. Most studies on CCE focus on colorectal neoplasia detection. The development of automated tools may address some of the limitations of this diagnostic tool and widen its indications for different clinical settings. We developed an artificial intelligence model based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the automatic detection of blood content in CCE images. Training and validation datasets were constructed for the development and testing of the CNN. The CNN detected blood with a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 99.8 %, 93.2 %, 93.8 %, and 99.8 %, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for blood detection was 1.00. We developed a deep learning algorithm capable of accurately detecting blood or hematic residues within the lumen of the colon based on colon CCE images.
92. Jahresversammlung der DGHNO-KHC 2021 erstmals im Online-Format – eine kritische Bewertung auf Basis der Teilnehmerevaluation
Authors: Dietz Andreas , Welkoborsky H. J. , Guntinas-Lichius O. , Stöver T. , Wiederkranz M. , Thorleuchter M. , Rosenkranz O. , Deitmer T. , Plontke S. 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie 92. Jahresversammlung der DGHNO-KHC wurde im Mai 2021 erstmals aufgrund der Corona-bedingten neuen Rahmenbedingungen komplett in einem Online-Format durchgeführt. Den Teilnehmern aus den Reihen der Mitglieder, Gäste und Industriepartner wurde im Anschluss ein Evaluationsfragebogen der zuständigen Landesärztekammer Nordrhein zugesandt, der inhaltlich um Fragen zu dem neuen virtuellen Format ergänzt wurde. Die Publikation fasst die Auswertung der 187 ärztlichen Rückläufer (10 % der Gesamtteilnehmerzahl) und der 25 Industrieaussteller (60 % der Industrieaussteller) zusammen und stellt ein erstes Fazit auf. In der groben Betrachtung wurde der Kongress von den ärztlichen und wissenschaftlichen Teilnehmern trotz komplett fehlender sozialer und sehr eingeschränkter fachlicher Interaktion überwiegend positiv bewertet. Auf Seiten der Industrie bot sich ein gegenteiliges Bild. Auf die Frage an die ärztlich/wissenschaftlichen Teilnehmenden nach dem zukünftigen Format der nächsten HNO-Jahreskongresse sprachen sich 16 % für einen reinen Online-Kongress, 67 % für einen Präsenzkongress mit Online-Elementen und lediglich 17 % für einen reinen Präsenzkongress aus. Auf die Frage an die Industrie, welche Art der Ausstellung in Zukunft bevorzugt würde, sprachen sich 68 % für die reine Präsenzausstellung im Rahmen eines Präsenzkongresses aus. 32 % konnten sich für Präsenz mit Online-Elementen erwärmen. Eine zukünftig komplette Online-Industrieausstellung wurde mit 0 % Zustimmung abgewählt.
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Hydroxylation Reaction of Aryl Halide for the Synthesis of Phenols
Authors: Xue D. , Yang L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhenols are important components of pharmaceuticals, biologically active natural products, and materials. Here, we briefly discuss recent advances in catalytic hydroxylation reactions for the synthesis of phenols, with particular attention to our recent work. H2O is proved to be an efficient hydroxide reagent in converting (hetero)aryl halides into the corresponding phenols under synergistic organophotoredox and nickel catalysis. Aryl bromides as well as less reactive aryl chlorides show high reactivity in this catalytic system. This methodology can be applied to the efficient synthesis of diverse phenols and allows the hydroxylation of multifunctional pharmaceutically relevant aryl halides.1	Introduction2	Representative Methods for Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Hydroxylation of (Hetero)Aryl Halides3	Organophotoredox/Ni Dual Catalytic Hydroxylation of Aryl Halides with Water4	Summary and Outlook
Bathocuproine-Enabled Nickel-Catalyzed Selective Ullmann Cross-Coupling of Two sp2-Hybridized Organohalides
Authors: Li Yuqiang , Yin Guoyin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCross-coupling reactions are essential for the synthesis of complex organic molecules. Here, we report a nickel-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling of two sp2-hybridized organohalides, featuring high cross-selectivity when the two coupling partners are used in a 1:1 ratio. The high chemoselectivity is governed by the bathocuproine ligand. Moreover, the mild reductive reaction conditions allow that a wide range of functional groups are compatible in this Ullmann cross-coupling.
Analysis of Chlorhexidine Modified Cement in Orthodontic Patients: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Araújo José Lucas dos Santos , Alvim Mariana Massi Afonso , Campos Márcio José da Silva , Apolônio Ana Carolina Morais , Carvalho Fabíola Galbiatti , Lacerda-Santos Rogério 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified by chlorhexidine (CLX) for the purpose of cementing bands to the teeth of orthodontic patients.
Materials and Methods Ten patients, between the ages of 19 and 33 years, in the initial stage of orthodontic treatment, were randomly designated to two groups using the split-mouth design (n = 10). One group (GICEX) had bands cemented with GIC modified by CLX and a Control group (GIC), evaluated at time intervals before (T0), 3 months (T3), and 6 months (T6) after cementation. Total microbiological counts were performed, and color stability of tooth enamel, salivary pH, and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) were evaluated.
Statistical Analysis The Friedman and Dunn’s tests, Mann–Whitney, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey, and paired and non-paired t-tests (p< 0.05) were used.
Results In T3, there was evidence of significant reduction in the quantity of colony forming unit (CFU) in GICEX group in comparison with the Control (p = 0.041). In T6, the quantity of CFU was similar to the quantity in T3 and significantly different to control (p = 0.045); Control group demonstrated a similar quantity of CFU between the experimental time intervals (p = 0.066). Salivary pH demonstrated significant difference only between the time intervals T0 and T6 (p = 0.022). The tooth enamel color (p = 0.366) and ARI (p = 0.343) values demonstrated no significant changes.
Conclusion The incorporation of CLX into GIC demonstrated effective antibacterial action, allowed a good bond of the cement to the enamel, a high rate of survival of the bands, did not change the color of the tooth enamel, and maintained the salivary pH at physiological levels.
An Eggshell-Based Toothpaste as a Cost-Effective Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity
Authors: Abou Neel Ensanya A. , Bakhsh Turki A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to test the efficacy of two experimentally produced eggshell-based toothpastes on dentinal tubules occlusion.
Materials and Methods Two experimental eggshell toothpastes, based on natural ingredients, with or without titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs) were produced and coded “TNPs eggshell toothpaste [TNPsESTP]” or “eggshell toothpaste [ESTP],” respectively. Mid-coronal dentin discs, from 28 human extracted molar teeth, etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 60 seconds to simulate the hypersensitive dentin, were randomly divided into four groups—G1: no treatment (negative control), G2: ESTP treated, G3: TNPsESTP treated, and G4: Biorepair treated (positive control). All treated discs were brushed for 2 weeks and 1 month using a toothbrush simulator at 40 mm/s. Dentinal tubules occlusion was studied using a cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Statistical Analysis Unpaired t-test was conducted using GraphPad software (San Diego, California, United States). Continuous variables were expressed as means ± standard deviation and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results From CP-OCT, a marked increase in surface reflectivity of dentin was observed after brushing with tested toothpastes. ESTP and NPsESTP showed higher or comparable grayscale values than Biorepair indicating increase in surface density of dentin. From SEM, at 2 weeks, ESTP showed comparable number of completely occluded dentinal tubules to Biorepair. TNPsESTP showed significantly lower numbers of CODT than Biorepair. At 1 month, the number of CODT was difficult to count for all treated groups. Both ESTP and TNPsESTP showed significantly higher numbers of partially occluded dentinal tubules than Biorepair.
Conclusion ESTP or TNPsESTP could offer a cost-effective substitute for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.
Survival Rates of Anterior-Region Resin-Bonded Fixed Dental Prostheses: An Integrative Review
Authors: Mendes José Manuel , Bentata Anne Le Guen , de Sá Juliana , Silva António Sérgio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to review clinical publications involving anterior-region resin-bonded fixed partial dentures to evaluate their survival rates vis-à-vis their materials and design. An electronic search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE to identify articles that reported on the longevity of anterior resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses published between 2000 and 2020. Only primary clinical studies that involved a follow-up after at least 3 years were included in this review. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses’ survival rates in relation to their materials and design. This review ultimately included 23 clinical publications, comprising prospective studies, retrospective studies, and randomized controlled trials. Its statistical analysis estimated the studied prostheses’ 5-year survival rate at 86.2% for metal-framed prostheses, 87.9% for zirconia prostheses, 93.3% for alumina prostheses, 100% for glass or ceramic prostheses, and 81.7% for fiber-reinforced composite restorations. Failure rates did not significantly differ between the different material groups or between the single- and double-retainer groups. Resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses present excellent 5-year clinical longevity in the anterior sector and a favorable benefit/risk/cost ratio. Currently, no consensus has been established on an ideal material for these restorations. Cantilever design tends to limit constraints on the prostheses’ retainers and, thus, increases their survival time. All-ceramic cantilever fixed partial dentures can be considered as a definitive therapy, given their high success and survival rates. They are an optimal solution for adolescents or young adults facing potentially continuous growth.
Mapping 216 Perforator Flaps Using Highly Portable Tablet-Based Color Doppler Ultrasound (PT-CDU)
Authors: Lindsey John T. , Smith Christopher , Lee James , St Hilaire Hugo , Lindsey John T. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background The first reports of using color Doppler ultrasound for evaluation of the microvasculature were in the 1990s. Despite the early reports of its efficacy, color Doppler ultrasound did not achieve popularity nor general usage in part due to the cumbersome size, cost and poor resolution. This is the first study to demonstrate the potential utility of a new, highly portable, tablet-based color Doppler ultrasound (PT-CDU) system for imaging perforator flaps.
Methods The deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEP), lateral arm (LA), anterolateral thigh (ALT), thoracodorsal artery (TDAP), and the medial sural artery (MSAP) perforator flaps were imaged within classic topographic landmarks to visualize and measure variables related to perforator flap anatomy. The Philips Lumify L12–4 linear array probe attached to the Samsung Galaxy Tab A tablet was the system used for all examinations.
Results A total of 216 flaps were scanned in 50 healthy adult volunteers: 44 DIEP, 44 LA, 40 ALT, 48 TDAP, and 40 MSAP. Precise anatomic information regarding perforator size, number, and location was obtained. Overall, the percent of flaps having at least 1 perforator within the specified topographical landmarks was 89% for the DIEP, 84.1% for the LA, 72.5% for the ALT, 50% for the TDAP, and 30% for the MSAP (p = 2.272e-09). The percent of patients having an asymmetry (right versus left) in the number of perforators was 72.7% (ALT), 65% (DIEP), 59.1% (LA), 41.7% (TDAP), and 30% (MSAP) (p = 0.0351).
Conclusion Portable, tablet-based color Doppler ultrasound offers high-resolution images of perforators and represents a facile technology that may be of interest to microsurgeons in the planning of perforator flaps. Variations in vascular anatomy were well-demonstrated. This surgeon-driven imaging technology may represent an excellent alternative to other imaging modalities.
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality and Interactive Simulators on Dental Education Outcomes: Systematic Review
Authors: Moussa Rania , Alghazaly Amira , Althagafi Nebras , Eshky Rawah , Borzangy Sary 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn recent years, virtual reality and interactive digital simulations have been used in dental education to train dental students before interacting with real patients. Scientific evidence presented the application of virtual technology in dental education and some recent publications suggested that virtual and haptic technologies may have positive effects on dental education outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether virtual technologies have positive effects on dental education outcomes and to explore the attitudes of dental students and educators toward these technologies. A thorough search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE (via EBSCO), The Cochrane Library (via Wiley), Web of Science Core Collection (via Thomson Reuters), and Dentistry and Oral Science source (via EBSCO) using the keywords (student, dental) AND (education, dental) AND (virtual reality) OR (augmented reality) OR (haptics) OR (simulation) AND (dentistry) OR (dental medicine). The quality of the reported information was assessed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement for systematic reviews. A total of 73 publications were considered for this review. Fifty-two of the selected studies showed significant improvement in educational outcomes and virtual technologies were positively perceived by all the participants. Within the limitations of this review, virtual technology appears to improve education outcomes in dental students. Further studies with larger samples and longer term clinical trials are needed to substantiate this potential positive impact of various virtual technologies on dental education outcomes.
Quality of Life, Satisfaction, Occlusal Force, and Halitosis after Direct and Indirect Relining of Inferior Complete Dentures
Authors: Sônego Mariana Vilela , Neto Clóvis Lamartinede Moraes Melo , dos Santos Daniela Micheline , Moreno André Luiz de Melo , Bertoz André Pinheiro de Magalhães , Goiato Marcelo Coelho 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the direct relining technique with the indirect relining technique in relation to quality of life, satisfaction with the relining, occlusal force, and halitosis of users of acrylic complete dentures.
Materials and Methods Twenty bimaxillary edentulous individuals were selected. They had to use the same pair of complete dentures for a minimum of 1 year and a maximum of 5 years. The subjects were randomly divided in groups of direct relining and indirect relining of the inferior denture (n = 10). Both groups received the same silicone-based relining. The clinical tests verified the quality of life (Oral Health Impact Profile in edentulous individuals), the satisfaction with the relining, the occlusal force, and halitosis. The tests (halitosis and occlusal force) were performed initially (before the relining), immediately after the relining, and 30, 60, 90, and 180 days after the relining. The questionnaires (quality of life and satisfaction with the relining) were performed initially (before the relining), and 30, 60, 90, and 180 days after the relining.
Statistical Analysis Analysis of variance and the Tukey test were used (p < 0.05).
Results There was no statistical difference comparing the two techniques in all the evaluations (p < 0.05). There was a significant statistical difference for the factor of time in all clinical tests for each relining technique (p < 0.05). The quality of life and satisfaction with the relining increased significantly 30 days after the relining when compared with the initial time point, for both techniques (p < 0.05). The occlusal force increased significantly after 90 and 180 days when compared with the initial time point, for both techniques (p < 0.05). Halitosis decreased significantly immediately after the relining when compared with the initial time point, for both techniques (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Independent of the relining technique used, there was an increase in the quality of life, satisfaction with the relining, and occlusal force, as well as a reduction in the level of halitosis. Both techniques generated similar results and therefore can be options in clinical practice.
Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning on Bleeding Complications in Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Krag Andreas E. , Hvas Christine L. , Kiil Birgitte J. , Hvas Anne-Mette 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRemote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is administered with an inflatable tourniquet by inducing brief, alternating cycles of limb ischemia and reperfusion. RIC possibly impacts the hemostatic system, and the intervention has been tested as protective therapy against ischemia-reperfusion injury and thrombotic complications in cardiac surgery and other surgical procedures. In the present systematic review, we aimed to investigate the effect of RIC on intraoperative and postoperative bleeding complications in meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials including adult patients undergoing surgery. A systematic search was performed on November 7, 2020 in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomized controlled trials comparing RIC versus no RIC in adult patients undergoing surgery that reported bleeding outcomes in English publications were included. Effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the random-effects model for intraoperative and postoperative bleeding outcomes. Thirty-two randomized controlled trials with 3,804 patients were eligible for inclusion. RIC did not affect intraoperative bleeding volume (nine trials; 392 RIC patients, 399 controls) with the effect estimate −0.95 [−9.90; 7.99] mL (p = 0.83). RIC significantly reduced postoperative drainage volume (seven trials; 367 RIC patients, 365 controls) with mean difference −83.6 [−134.9; −32.4] mL (p = 0.001). The risk of re-operation for bleeding was reduced in the RIC group (16 trials; 838 RIC patients, 839 controls), albeit not significantly, with the relative risk 0.65 [0.39; 1.09] (p = 0.10). In conclusion, RIC reduced postoperative bleeding measured by postoperative drainage volume in this meta-analysis of adult patients undergoing surgery.
Immunoexpression of CD34, CD117, and p53 in Hypocellular Bone Marrow Disorders
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Palta Anshu , Tahlan Anita , Kaur Manveen , Singh Ram 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objectives Hypocellular bone marrow (BM) disorders comprise heterogeneous entities associated with peripheral cytopenias and decreased production of hematopoietic cells in BM. This study was undertaken to analyze immunohistochemical expression of CD34, CD117, and p53 in morphologically diagnosed patients of hypocellular BM (aplastic anemia [AA], hypocellular myelodysplastic syndrome [h-MDS], and hypocellular acute myeloid leukemia [h-AML]).
Materials and Methods BM specimens were obtained from patients presenting with pancytopenia/bicytopenia. On 30 patients diagnosed as hypocellular BM, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD34, CD117, and p53 was performed.
Results BM cellularity was < 30% in all (100%) patients. Blast count was increased in h-MDS and h-AML. Features of dysplasia were noted in six (20%) patients. Out of these, three patients were diagnosed as h-MDS having bilineage/trilineage dysplasia, and the other three patients were of AA (11.5% patients) displaying only dyserythropoiesis. On IHC, percentage of BM CD34+ cells was increased in h-MDS+ h-AML (3.87 ± 0.86) as compared with AA (0.19 ± 0.15) and controls (0.81 ± 0.21), p = 0.01. Percentage of BM p53+ cells was also increased in h-MDS+ h-AML (2.9 ± 2.07) as compared with AA and controls, which did not show any p53+ cells, p = 0.0. No statistically significant difference was observed in the expression of CD117 in h-MDS+ h-AML (4.95 ± 3.40) compared with AA (4.49 ± 1.07), p = 0.99.
Conclusion The study demonstrates the usefulness of CD34 and p53 immunoexpression as an important ancillary method in distinguishing various hypocellular BM disorders, especially h-MDS and AA. However, the role of CD117 remains unclear and needs to be evaluated further by larger studies.