bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it fair that advanced workers get paid disproportionally more: economic analysis
Authors: Kosheleva Olga , Aguilar Sean R. 
Published: August 2021

PurposeOn the one hand, everyone agrees that economics should be fair, that workers should get equal pay for equal work. Any instance of unfairness causes a strong disagreement. On the other hand, in many companies, advanced workers – who produce more than others – get paid disproportionally more for their work, and this does not seem to cause any negative feelings. In this paper, the authors analyze this situation from the economic viewpoint.Design/methodology/approachTo analyze the problem, the authors use general mathematical models of how utility – and hence, decisions – depends on the pay-per-unit.FindingsThe authors show that from the economic viewpoint, additional payments for advanced workers indeed make economic sense, benefit everyone, and thus – in contrast to the naive literal interpretation of fairness – are not unfair. As a consequence of this analysis, the authors also explain why the labor share of the companies' income is, on average, close to 50% – an empirical fact that, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, was never previously explained.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that explains the empirical fact – that the labor share of the income is close to 50%.
Barriers to an inclusive academic library collection
Authors: Price Apryl C. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Libraries still endeavor to achieve diversity in many areas, including collections. Although many barriers to realizing this goal still exist, there are changes that can be made to improve the current situation. This paper aims to examine those barriers and discusses some ways librarians, administrators and publishers can help build inclusive academic library collections.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper will discuss the issues that the University of North Florida’s Thomas G. Carpenter Library discovered while trying to find ways to build a racially and ethnically diverse academic collection.

Findings
The lack of diversity in academic library collections has many causes, including inadequate institutional collection priorities, librarian bias, heavy workloads and the dearth of diverse voices in the publishing industry.

Originality/value
Diversity, equity and inclusion are key concepts to improving how libraries operate. However, libraries have struggled to realize this vision in many areas. This paper endeavors to identify ways academic librarians and publishers can make collections more diverse.
Observability, controllability and stability analysis of discrete time engineering dynamic systems by means of Lagrangian, Hamiltonian and dissipative functions in discrete forms
Authors: Civelek Cem 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dynamical state of a discrete time engineering/physical dynamic system. The analysis is performed based on observability, controllability and stability first using difference equations of generalized motion obtained through discrete time equations of dissipative generalized motion derived from discrete Lagrange-dissipative model [{L,D}-model] for short of a discrete time observed dynamic system. As a next step, the same system has also been analyzed related to observability, controllability and stability concepts but this time using discrete dissipative canonical equations derived from a discrete Hamiltonian system together with discrete generalized velocity proportional Rayleigh dissipation function. The methods have been applied to a coupled (electromechanical) example in different formulation types.

Design/methodology/approach
An observability, controllability and stability analysis of a discrete time observed dynamic system using discrete equations of generalized motion obtained through discrete {L,D}-model and discrete dissipative canonical equations obtained through discrete Hamiltonian together with discrete generalized velocity proportional Rayleigh dissipation function.

Findings
The related analysis can be carried out easily depending on the values of classical elements.

Originality/value
Discrete equations of generalized motion and discrete dissipative canonical equations obtained by discrete Lagrangian and discrete Hamiltonian, respectively, together with velocity proportional discrete dissipative function are used to analyze a discrete time observed engineering system by means of observability, controllability and stability using state variable theory and in the method proposed, the physical quantities do not need to be converted one to another.
Design and analysis of tubular permanent magnetic linear generator with 120° phase belt toroidal windings
Authors: Si Jikai , Yan Zuoguang , Nie Rui , Xu Shuai , Gan Chun , Cao Wenping 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
To improve the power density and generation efficiency of the tubular permanent magnetic linear generators (TPMLGs) under realistic sea-stator condition, a TPMLG with 120° phase belt toroidal windings (120°-TPMLG) for wave energy conversion is proposed in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the structure of the 120°-TPMLG is introduced and its operation principle is analyzed. Second, the design process of the 120°-TPMLG is described. Meanwhile, the finite-element models of the 120°-TPMLG and the TPMLG with traditional fractional pitch windings (T-TPMLG) are established based on the similar overall dimensions. Then, the electromagnetic characteristics of the 120°-TPMLG are analyzed, such as air gap flux density, back electromotive force and load voltage. Finally, a comparative analysis of the magnetic flux density, flux linkage, load and no-load performance of the two generators are conducted.

Findings
The result shows that the 120°-TPMLG has higher power density and generation efficiency than the T-TPMLG.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a TPMLG with 120° phase belt toroidal windings (120°-TPMLG) to improve the power density and generation efficiency.
Accurate fault detection during power swing: compensated line study
Authors: Fasihi Pour Parizi Hamed , Seyedtabaii Saeed , Akhbari Mahdi 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm to accurately detect faults in series capacitor compensated (SCC) power transmission lines. The line fault must be distinguished from stable power swing, compensating unit malfunction and defects on other lines sharing the same bus (external faults).

Design/methodology/approach
In this regard, an effective fault feature extractor based on the cumulative sum (CUSUM) of the amplified second harmonic of the phase currents is suggested. The features are then applied to an artificial neural network for classification. No-fault cases include stable power swing and several disturbances. Due to the independent analysis of each phase, faulty phase detection is also a by-product.

Findings
Various fault scenarios are defined, and the algorithm success rate is compared with some newly published methods. Extensive simulations performed over a single-machine infinite bus, a 3-machine, 9-bus and the large-scale New England IEEE 39-Bus networks all indicate that the proposed algorithm can trip the faulty line more quickly and accurately than the contestant algorithms.

Originality/value
Suggestion of a new algorithm based on the CUSUM of the amplified second harmonic of the phase current for the fault feature extraction that is able to isolate the transmission line internal faults from stable poser swing, line compensating unit malfunction and faults on the adjacent lines connected to the same bus.
Training needs assessment of postgraduate researchers of Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Nazeer , Ur Rehman Shafiq , Ameen Kanwal , Safdar Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Researchers’ competencies are directly related to the quality and effectiveness of the research they produce. However, training opportunities for education and conducting research seem to be limited for the growing research culture in Pakistan. The purpose of this study is to assess the research-related training needs of postgraduate researchers (PGRs) of Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative research approach was used to conduct the study using a questionnaire. Non-random sampling technique was used to collect the data from the postgraduate (MPhil/MS and PhD) researchers enrolled in the two well renowned Pakistani Universities.

Findings
Results of the study confirmed that PGRs were interested in developing their skills in various areas of a research project such as topic selection, research design and use of data analysis software. Findings also highlighted that respondents were interested in learning reference management tools for citing and managing the sources of information in their research work.

Originality/value
This is the first study, which investigated the training needs assessment of PGRs enrolled in two major Pakistani universities. The results may help in designing training programs, promoting a conducive research culture in the country and improving the quality of research being produced. This study provided a framework likely to be beneficial for quality enhancement cells, universities and organizations in organizing effective research training and development programs for researchers of Pakistan.
Standardizing Six Sigma Green Belt training: identification of the most frequently used measure phase DMAIC tools
Authors: Hollingshed Melinda 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
This study aims to identify the most frequently used tools and techniques within the measure phase of the define, measure, analyze, improve and control (DMAIC) methodology in the Six Sigma Green Belt body of knowledge (BOK) to standardize training curriculum and reduce barriers to Six Sigma adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
This study measures the most frequently used tools within the Measure Phase of the Green Belt body of knowledge by surveying Six Sigma professionals from all industries as to how often they use tools specific to the Measure Phase. Professionals rated ten categories of tools based on frequency use as it pertains to a Green Belt level Six Sigma project. Descriptive analysis, t-tests, and ANOVA were performed on the data using Minitab to identify the most frequently used tool categories.

Findings
The findings of this study indicate that the most frequently used measure phase tools and techniques within in the Six Sigma Green Belt BOK are process mapping, control charts, descriptive statistics, graphical analysis, collecting and summarizing data, process capability analysis and Six Sigma statistics (defects per unit, defects per million opportunities, etc.). The research findings indicate that several tools that require a higher level of statistical understanding are used less frequently.

Research limitations/implications
The research study solely analyzed the measure phase tools within the Green Belt Six Sigma BOK. Other Six Sigma bodies of knowledge should be evaluated in their entirety.

Practical implications
Six Sigma training has been identified in previous research studies as a barrier to implementation. By identifying the most frequently used tools and determining that those tools are less statistically intensive, companies may be more inclined to adopt Six Sigma. Reducing the tools required to master to lead and carryout Six Sigma projects can also help to reduce the cost and time required for Six Sigma training.

Originality/value
Many studies have identified the lack of a standardized curriculum for Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma. This research serves to function as a supportive analysis in identifying the most optimal and useful tools to lead successful Six Sigma and process improvement projects and contributes to the journey of establishing a standardized Six Sigma training curriculum.
The emotional influence on satisfaction and complaint behavior in hedonic and utilitarian services
Authors: Calvo-Porral Cristina , Otero-Prada Luis-Miguel 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Greater attention should be paid to the emotional aspects of the service experience. In this context, this paper aims to propose that emotions will have a different impact on customers’ complaint behavior and satisfaction depending on the hedonic or utilitarian nature of the service and for this purpose a valence-based approach is followed.

Design/methodology/approach
A sample of 809 service users was analyzed through multi-group structural equation modeling, including both hedonic (bars and cafeterias, n = 210) and utilitarian services (bank and public transportation services, n = 599).

Findings
Research findings show the different influence of emotions on customers’ complaint behavior and satisfaction depending on the service nature. Further, the negative affect does not influence behavioral outcomes in hedonic services, whereas positive affect exerts a slight lower influence in utilitarian services. Finally, the service nature plays a moderating role in the emotions–satisfaction and emotions–complaint behavior relationship.

Originality/value
This research shows the important role of the service nature, reporting different results for hedonic and utilitarian services in the influence of emotions in behavioral outcomes.
The repowering of vertical axis water mills preserving their cultural heritage: techno-economic analysis with water wheels and Turgo turbines
Authors: Quaranta Emanuele , Pujol Toni , Grano Maria Carmela 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe paper presents a techno-economic analysis of the electromechanical equipment of traditional vertical axis water mills (VAWMs) to help investors, mill owners and engineers to preliminary estimate related benefits and costs of a VAWM repowering.Design/methodology/approachTwo sustainable repowering solutions were examined with the additional aim to preserve the original status and aesthetics of a VAWM: the use of a vertical axis water wheel (VAWW) and a vertical axis impulse turbine. The analysis was applied to a database of 714 VAWMs in Basilicata (Italy), with known head and flow.FindingsExpeditious equations were proposed for both solutions to determine: (1) a suitable diameter as a function of the flow rate; (2) the costs of the electromechanical equipment; (3) achievable power. The common operating hydraulic range of a VAWM (head and flow) was also identified. Reality checks on the obtained results are shown, in particular by examining two Spanish case studies and the available literature. The power generated by the impulse turbine (Turgo type) is twice that of a VAWW, but it is one order of magnitude more expensive. Therefore, the impulse turbine should be used for higher power requirements (>3 kW), or when the electricity is delivered to the grid, maximizing the long-term profit.Originality/valueSince there is not enough evidence about the achievable performance and cost of a VAWM repowering, this work provides expeditious tools for their evaluation.
Financial development, entrepreneurship and financial openness: evidence from Asia
Authors: Amin Ali , Khan Rizwan Ullah , Maqsood Arif 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis study examines whether financial development affects entrepreneurship, and how financial openness moderate this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs panel data consisting of 781 country-year observations of 48 countries of Asia for the period 2001–2018.FindingsThe study provides empirical support for the eclectic theory of entrepreneurship in Asian countries. The findings of the study indicate that effective allocation of resources and ease of transactions increases the entrepreneurial activities in the country. Additionally, the less stringent regulations, allowing for the cross border transactions, increase the funds availability to the entrepreneurs which in turn increase innovation and establishment of new businesses.Research limitations/implicationsThe study only considered the moderating influence of financial openness on the nexus. Other indicators such as governance quality and political stability could also have significant impact on entrepreneurship. Further, our study was based on countries belonging to Asian continent. Since Asian continent has culture distinguished from other regions, therefore, the results cannot be generalized to the other continents.Practical implicationsThe study’s results provide insight to policymakers and regulators that in order to increase the entrepreneurial activities, the financial sector improvement is of paramount importance. The regulators should focus on well-functioning financial system and availability of capital to improve the investor's confidence and boost economic activities.Originality/valueThe study provides novel evidence on the effects of financial development on entrepreneurship and moderating influence of financial openness in the context of the entire Asian region, which is yet an unexplored area. This paper offers a fresh contribution in this area.
Performance of steel moment-resisting frames in post-earthquake horizontally traveling fire
Authors: Chandra Amit , Bhowmick Anjan , Bagchi Ashutosh 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe study investigates the performance of a three-story unprotected steel moment-resisting frame (SMRF) designed for high seismic demand in the fire-only (FO) and post-earthquake uniform and traveling fires (PEF). The primary objective is to investigate the effects of seismic residual deformation on the structure's performance in horizontally traveling fires. The traveling fire methodology, unlike conventional fire models, considers a spatially varying temperature environment.Design/methodology/approachMulti-step finite element simulations were carried out on undamaged and damaged frames to provide insight into the effects of the earthquake-initiated fires on the local and global behavior of SMRF. The earthquake simulations were conducted using nonlinear time history analysis, whereas the structure in the fire was investigated by sequential thermal-structural analysis procedure in ABAQUS. The frame was subjected to a suite of seven ground motions. In total, four horizontal traveling fire sizes were considered along with the Eurocode (EC) parametric fire for a comparison. The deformation history, axial force and moment variation in the critical beams and columns of affected compartments in the fire heating and cooling regimes were examined. The global structural performance in terms of inter-story drifts in FO and PEF scenarios was investigated.FindingsIt was observed that the larger traveling fires (25 and 48%) are more detrimental to the case study frame than the uniform EC parametric fire. Besides, no appreciable difference was observed in time and modes of failure of the structure in FO and PEF scenarios within the study's parameters.Originality/valueThe present study considers improved traveling fire methodology as an alternate design fire for the first time for the PEF performance of SMRF. The analysis results add to the much needed database on structures' performance in a wide range of fire scenarios.
Analysis of the current state of green buildings in the Russian Federation
Authors: Papoyan Atanes , Zhan Changhong , Li Guanghao , Han Xueying 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe concept of green buildings (GBs) in contemporary building design has risen in popularity with the rapid economic development resulting from globalization. The primary objective of this research is to provide an impetus to improve the methods of green technology adaptation, taking the Russian Federation as an example.Design/methodology/approachGlobally, the first green building rating systems were implemented in the 1990s. The Russian Federation had launched its national green building rating systems apart from the international green building rating systems that were implemented in the country.FindingsBased on qualitative analysis, a common approach in the Russian market for certifying green construction was identified. The collected information can be considered evidence of market entry and aid in preparation for possible market shocks.Originality/valueFurthermore, the study determined seven significant rating measures that were generally applied by various green building rating systems, and the most influential rating measure was “energy,” followed by “site,” “indoor environment,” “land and outdoor environment,” “material,” “water” and “innovation.” Additionally, this study determined the primary research endeavors of the analyses of contemporary green building rating systems and presented the scope for future research.
A review on figure of eight walking in physical therapy rehabilitation of elderly
Authors: Dhillon Rupinder Kaur , Sharma Mahesh 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to see whether the figure of eight walkings (F8W) is a reliable outcome measure in rehabilitation care especially for the older population who need extensive consideration in their practical functional affairs.

Design/methodology/approach
The literature review was conducted by researching various databases such as Google Scholar, Pub Med and Web of Science, Scopus. Journals with Good impact factors were included in this study.

Findings
This review suggested that F8W could be the realistic outcome measure for rehabilitation in patients with musculoskeletal and neurological dysfunctions that could identify disability and functional impairments more deeply. Future studies in this field may provide further exploration in physiotherapy rehabilitation.

Research limitations/implications
The study was a short review with limited resources. Its’ findings and outputs must be considered prelusive.

Practical implications
The accustomed routine of manhood accounts for constant twists and turns which is entirely incompatible with a linear walk. In such a manner, walking in the figure of eight could detect the major perplexity faced by an individual in his habitual pursuing affairs predominately in orthopedics and neurological disorders.

Originality/value
The study has suggested the utility of F8W as a reliable tool in the rehabilitation of the elder population, evidence suggests, F8W constitutes curvy and straight paths, which could trace troubles while turning and maintaining coordination. These results of this study can serve as a foundation for future studies.
Sleep, body work and bodily capital: Sleep discourse in the magazines Men's Health and Women's Health
Authors: Zarhin Dana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe subject of sleep has been receiving increasing attention in multiple arenas over the past decades, including in the social sciences and the media. However, only a few empirical studies have investigated how sleep is constructed within and by media discourses, and also whether and how these discourses are gendered. The present article explores how two popular lifestyle magazines, Men's Health and Women's Health, construct sleep. The analysis of online articles reveals that both magazines constitute sleep as a form of body work that enhances bodily capital, but they do so in gendered ways that reinforce patriarchal norms and expectations. This study shows that the magazines' discourse supports the neoliberal project, while also highlighting the malleability and adaptability of neoliberal discourses. The conclusion is that the ways in which the magazines' discourse constructs sleep might deepen both gender and class inequalities.