bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TMDlib2 and TMDplotter: a platform for 3D hadron structure studies
Authors: Abdulov N. A. , Bacchetta A. , Baranov S. , Bermudez Martinez A. , Bertone V. , Bissolotti C. , Candelise V. , Banos L. I. Estevez , Bury M. , Connor P. L. S. , Favart L. , Guzman F. , Hautmann F. , Hentschinski M. , Jung H. , Keersmaekers L. , Kotikov A. , Kusina A. , Kutak K. , Lelek A. , Lidrych J. , Lipatov A. , Lykasov G. , Malyshev M. , Mendizabal M. , Prestel S. , Barzani S. Sadeghi , Sapeta S. , Schmitz M. , Signori A. , Sorrentino G. , Monfared S. Taheri , van Hameren A. , van Kampen A. M. , Bemden M. Vanden , Vladimirov A. , Wang Q. , Yang H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA common library, TMDlib2, for Transverse-Momentum-Dependent distributions (TMDs) and unintegrated parton distributions (uPDFs) is described, which allows for easy access of commonly used TMDs and uPDFs, providing a three-dimensional (3D) picture of the partonic structure of hadrons. The tool TMDplotter allows for web-based plotting of distributions implemented in TMDlib2, together with collinear pdfs as available in LHAPDF.
The Disruptive Effect of Technological Innovation in the Tourist Accommodation Industry
Authors: González Eva Porras , Martín Martín José María , Martínez Jose Manuel Guaita , Khodja Hamid Hamoudi Amar 
Published: August 2021

This work focuses on the disruptive effect generated by online tourist accommodation platforms. This technological innovation has brought about changes not only in the tourism industry, but also in the lives of the citizens of host communities. This research analyzes the perception that citizens economically dependent on tourism have the socio-economic impacts linked to the activity of these online platforms. The field work was carried out in Spain in April 2020 by means of a survey in which citizens residing in one of the main tourist cities in the country took part. This analysis has allowed for the construction of four categories of positive impacts and four categories of negative impacts, all linked to disruptive technological innovation in the tourism sector. The most salient impact is related to how citizens economically dependent on tourism assess the changes taking place in the existing business network. This group’s assessment might possibly be the consequence of a shift in the focus of local businesses, which have gone from resident-oriented businesses to tourist-oriented businesses. The most salient impact is related to how citizens economically dependent on tourism assess the changes taking place in the existing business network.
Relationship between Hyponatremia and Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Yongze , Li Chuanchuan , Huang Lingning , Shen Ximei , Zhao Fengying , Wu Cailin , Yan Sunjie 
Published: August 2021

Objectives. Hyponatremia is a common complication of diabetes. However, the relationship between serum sodium level and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is unknown. This study was aimed at investigating the relationship between low serum sodium level and DPN in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods. A retrospective study was performed on 1928 patients with type 2 diabetes between 2010 and 2018. The multivariate test was used to analyze the relationship between the serum sodium level and the nerve conduction function. A restricted cubic spline was used to flexibly model and visualize the relationship between the serum sodium level and DPN, followed by logistic regression with adjustment. Results. As the serum sodium level increased, the prevalence of DPN had a reverse J-curve distribution with the serum sodium levels (69.6%, 53.7%, 49.6%, 43.9%, and 49.7%;

P
=
0.001

). Significant differences existed between the serum sodium level and the motor nerve conduction velocity, sensory nerve conduction velocity, part of compound muscle action potential, and sensory nerve action potential of the participants. Compared with hyponatremia, the higher serum sodium level was a relative lower risk factor for DPN after adjusting for several potential confounders (

OR
=
0.430

,

95
%
CI
=
0.220
–
0.841

;

OR
=
0.386

,

95
%
CI
=
0.198
–
0.755

;

OR
=
0.297

,

95
%
CI
=
0.152
–
0.580

;

OR
=
0.376

,

95
%
CI
=
0.190
–
0.743

; all

P
<
0.05

). Compared with low-normal serum sodium groups, the high-normal serum sodium level was also a risk factor for DPN (

OR
=
0.690

,

95
%
CI
=
0.526
–
0.905

,

P
=
0.007

). This relationship was particularly apparent in male participants, those aged <65 years, those with a duration of diabetes of <10 years, and those with a

urinary

albumin
−
to
−
creatinine

ratio

UACR

<
30

mg
/
g

. Conclusions. Low serum sodium levels were independently associated with DPN, even within the normal range of the serum sodium. We should pay more attention to avoid the low serum sodium level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Evolving Genomic Landscape of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Under Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Hirata Hidenari , Niida Atsushi , Kakiuchi Nobuyuki , Uchi Ryutaro , Sugimachi Keishi , Masuda Takaaki , Saito Tomoko , Kageyama Shun-Ichiro , Motomura Yushi , Ito Shuhei , Yoshitake Tadamasa , Tsurumaru Daisuke , Nishimuta Yusuke , Yokoyama Akira , Hasegawa Takanori , Chiba Kenichi , Shiraishi Yuichi , Du Junyan , Miura Fumihito , Morita Masaru , Toh Yasushi , Hirakawa Masakazu , Shioyama Yoshiyuki , Ito Takashi , Akimoto Tetsuo , Miyano Satoru , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Mori Masaki , Suzuki Yutaka , Ogawa Seishi , Ishigami Kousei , Mimori Koshi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) often recurs after chemoradiotherapy, and the prognosis of ESCC after chemoradiotherapy has not improved over the past few decades. The mutation process in chemoradiotherapy-resistant clones and the functional relevance of genetic alterations remain unclear. To address these problems, we performed whole-exome sequencing of 52 tumor samples from 33 patients with ESCC who received radiotherapy combined with 5-fluorouracil/platinum. In multiregion analyses of pretreatment and locally recurrent lesions from five cases, most driver gene-altered clones remained under chemoradiotherapy selection pressure, while few driver gene alterations were acquired at recurrence. The mutation signatures of recurrent ESCC, including increased deletion frequency and platinum dose-dependent base substitution signatures, were substantially different from those of primary ESCC and reflected the iatrogenic impacts of chemoradiotherapy. Single-region analysis of 28 pretreatment tumors indicated that focal copy-number gain at the MYC locus was significantly associated with poor progression-free survival and overall survival after chemoradiotherapy. MYC gain remained throughout the chemoradiotherapy course and potentially contributes to intrinsic resistance to chemoradiotherapy. Consistent with these findings, MYC copy number and mRNA and protein levels in ESCC cell lines correlated positively with resistance to radiotherapy, and MYC knockdown improved sensitivity to radiotherapy. Overall, these data characterize the clonal evolution process induced by chemoradiotherapy and clinically relevant associations for genetic alterations in ESCC. These findings increase our understanding of therapeutic resistance and support the rationale for precision chemoradiotherapy.

Significance:
Whole-exome sequencing reveals the genetic evolution of ESCC during chemoradiotherapy, highlighting MYC gain in pretreatment tumors as a potential marker of therapy resistance.
Seeing the Light: CAR T-cell Targeting of Lambda-restricted B-cell Lymphomas
Authors: Jain Michael D. , Locke Frederick L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells eliminate both malignant and normal B cells. Targeting immunoglobulin light chains instead of CD19 could preserve half of the normal B cells and provide an alternative target.
See related article by Ranganathan et al., p. 5951
Yap Promotes Noncanonical Wnt Signals From Cardiomyocytes for Heart Regeneration
Authors: Liu Shijie , Tang Li , Zhao Xiaolei , Nguyen Bao , Heallen Todd R. , Li Min , Wang Jianxin , Wang Jun , Martin James F. 
Published: August 2021

Rationale:

During neonatal heart regeneration, the fibrotic response, which is required to prevent cardiac rupture, resolves via poorly understood mechanisms. Deletion of the Hippo pathway gene
Sav
in adult cardiomyocytes increases Yap activity and promotes cardiac regeneration, partly by inducing fibrosis resolution. Deletion of Yap in neonatal cardiomyocytes leads to increased fibrosis and loss of neonatal heart regeneration, suggesting that Yap inhibits fibrosis by regulating intercellular signaling from cardiomyocytes to cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).

Objective:

We investigated the role of
Wntless
(
Wls
), which is a direct target gene of Yap, in communication between cardiomyocytes and CFs during neonatal heart regeneration.

Methods and Results:

We generated 2 mouse models to delete
Wls
specifically in cardiomyocytes (
Myh6-Cas9
combined with
AAV9-Wls-g
RNAs, and
Myh6

cre-ERT2/+

;
Wls

flox/flox

). Reanalysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data revealed that Wnt ligands are expressed in cardiomyocytes, whereas Wnt receptors are expressed in CFs, suggesting that Wnt signaling is directional from cardiomyocytes to CFs during neonatal heart regeneration.
Wls
deletion in neonatal cardiomyocytes disrupted Wnt signaling, revealed by reduced noncanonical Wnt signaling in non-cardiomyocytes. Four weeks after neonatal heart myocardial infarction, heart function was measured by echocardiography.
Wls
deletion in neonatal cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction impairs neonatal heart regeneration, marked by decreased contractile function and increased fibrosis.
Wls
mutant hearts display CF activation, characterized by increased extracellular matrix secretion, inflammation, and CF proliferation.

Conclusions:
These data indicate that during neonatal heart regeneration, intercellular signaling from cardiomyocytes to CFs occurs via noncanonical Wnt signaling to rebuild cardiac architecture after myocardial infarction.
Effect of Colchicine on Myocardial Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mewton Nathan , Roubille François , Bresson Didier , Prieur Cyril , Bouleti Claire , Bochaton Thomas , Ivanes Fabrice , Dubreuil Olivier , Biere Loïc , Hayek Ahmad , Derimay François , Akodad Mariama , Alos Benjamin , Haider Lamis , El Jonhy Naoual , Daw Rachel , De Bourguignon Charles , Dhelens Carole , Finet Gérard , Bonnefoy-Cudraz Eric , Bidaux Gabriel , Boutitie Florent , Maucort-Boulch Delphine , Croisille Pierre , Rioufol Gilles , Prunier Fabrice , Angoulvant Denis ,   on behalf of the COVERT-MI Study Investigators
Published: August 2021

Background:
Inflammation is a key factor of myocardial damage in reperfused ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. We hypothesized that colchicine, a potent anti-inflammatory agent, may reduce infarct size (IS) and left ventricular (LV) remodeling at the acute phase of ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods:
In this double-blind multicenter trial, we randomly assigned patients admitted for a first episode of ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction referred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention to receive oral colchicine (2-mg loading dose followed by 0.5 mg twice a day) or matching placebo from admission to day 5. The primary efficacy outcome was IS determined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 5 days. The relative LV end-diastolic volume change at 3 months and IS at 3 months assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging were among the secondary outcomes.

Results:

We enrolled 192 patients, 101 in the colchicine group and 91 in the control group. At 5 days, the gadolinium enhancement–defined IS did not differ between the colchicine and placebo groups with a mean of 26 interquartile range (IQR) [16–44] versus 28.4 IQR [14–40] g of LV mass, respectively (
P
=0.87). At 3 months follow-up, there was no significant difference in LV remodeling between the colchicine and placebo groups with a +2.4% (IQR, –8.3% to 11.1%) versus –1.1% (IQR, –8.0% to 9.9%) change in LV end-diastolic volume (
P
=0.49). Infarct size at 3 months was also not significantly different between the colchicine and placebo groups (17 IQR [10–28] versus 18 IQR [10–27] g of LV mass, respectively;
P
=0.92). The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events during the treatment period was greater with colchicine than with placebo (34% versus 11%, respectively;
P
=0.0002).

Conclusions:
In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, oral administration of high-dose colchicine at the time of reperfusion and for 5 days did not reduce IS assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03156816.
Corticospinal Tract Microstructure Correlates With Beta Oscillatory Activity in the Primary Motor Cortex After Stroke
Authors: Schulz Robert , Bönstrup Marlene , Guder Stephanie , Liu Jingchun , Frey Benedikt , Quandt Fanny , Krawinkel Lutz A. , Cheng Bastian , Thomalla Götz , Gerloff Christian 
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose:
Cortical beta oscillations are reported to serve as robust measures of the integrity of the human motor system. Their alterations after stroke, such as reduced movement-related beta desynchronization in the primary motor cortex, have been repeatedly related to the level of impairment. However, there is only little data whether such measures of brain function might directly relate to structural brain changes after stroke.

Methods:
This multimodal study investigated 18 well-recovered patients with stroke (mean age 65 years, 12 males) by means of task-related EEG and diffusion-weighted structural MRI 3 months after stroke. Beta power at rest and movement-related beta desynchronization was assessed in 3 key motor areas of the ipsilesional hemisphere that are the primary motor cortex (M1), the ventral premotor area and the supplementary motor area. Template trajectories of corticospinal tracts (CST) originating from M1, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area were used to quantify the microstructural state of CST subcomponents. Linear mixed-effects analyses were used to relate tract-related mean fractional anisotropy to EEG measures.

Results:

In the present cohort, we detected statistically significant reductions in ipsilesional CST fractional anisotropy but no alterations in EEG measures when compared with healthy controls. However, in patients with stroke, there was a significant association between both beta power at rest (
P
=0.002) and movement-related beta desynchronization (
P
=0.003) in M1 and fractional anisotropy of the CST specifically originating from M1. Similar structure-function relationships were neither evident for ventral premotor area and supplementary motor area, particularly with respect to their CST subcomponents originating from premotor cortex and supplementary motor area, in patients with stroke nor in controls.

Conclusions:
These data suggest there might be a link connecting microstructure of the CST originating from M1 pyramidal neurons and beta oscillatory activity, measures which have already been related to motor impairment in patients with stroke by previous reports.
The Dawn of Scientific Biography
Authors: Segre Michael 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article endeavors to contribute to a better understanding of the literary contexts of early biographies of scientists written during the Scientific Revolution. To what extent are these biographies influenced by stereotypes that are an inadequate fit for modern history of science? Its claim is that there was, indeed, a literary model for biographies of scientists, and that this model had deep roots in Biblical and classical literature. While the model was similar to that used in Renaissance biographies of artists, it did not fully emerge until as late as the seventeenth century.
Two new species of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae) from the Western and Northern Cape Provinces (South Africa) and their position within P. section Hoarea
Authors: MARAIS ELIZABETH M. , LE ROUX ANSO 
Published: August 2021

Pelargonium hammansbergense and P. roseopetalum are described as new species. Both are deciduous geophytes with turnip-shaped tubers belonging to P. section Hoarea. These two species share spathulate petals with narrow cuneate claws. However, they differ in leaf shape, flower colour and markings on the petals. Their flower structure corresponds to that of P. aridicola, P. hirtipetalum, P. pubipetalum, P. reflexipetalum and P. tripalmatum. The seven species are compared with regard to the flower and leaf morphology, palynology and chromosome numbers. They all occur in the winter rainfall region along the west coast of South Africa. The two new species described here are illustrated and a key for the identification of the seven species with a P. aridicola flower type is included.
Investigating the Association Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptom Subtypes and Health Anxiety as Impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hassoulas Athanasios , Umla-Runge Katja , Zahid Abeer , Adams Olivia , Green Madeline , Hassoulas Antonia , Panayiotou Eliana 
Published: August 2021

Background Since the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a global pandemic, public health messages have emphasised the importance of frequent handwashing in limiting the transmission of the virus. Whilst crucial in controlling transmission, such messaging may have an adverse effect on individuals with OCD. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, with a total of 332 participants recruited. Participants who scored above the optimal cut-off score on the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Revised edition (OCI-R) were included in the analysis (n = 254). Scores on the six subscales of the OCI-R were correlated with responses to a COVID-19 Impact measure. Results Factor analysis of the COVID-19 Impact measure revealed that items loaded on two components of the measure (handwashing and distress-avoidance). Canonical correlation analyses revealed significant associations between the OCI-R subscales and COVID-19 Impact measure, F (12, 490) = 8.14, p = 0.001, and the SHAI subscales with the COVID-19 Impact Measure, F (4, 498) = 8.18, p = 0.001). Specifically, washing and checking OCI-R subscales correlated with both components of the COVID-19 Impact measure, as did the health anxiety and beliefs SHAI subscales. Content analysis revealed disruption to treatment delivery and worsening symptom severity in participants with contamination-related OCD. Discussion Contamination and checking OCD subtypes have been associated with increased hand-washing behaviour and avoidance of distress-inducing cues. Consideration should be given to targeted support tailored to patients with these subtypes of OCD.
Correlation between outcomes and tumor size in >7 cm T4 non-small cell lung cancer patients: A tumor size-based comparison study
Authors: Erdoğu Volkan , Çitak Necati , Sezen Celal B , Cansever Levent , Aker Cemal , Onay Selin , Doğru Mustafa V , Saydam Özkan , Bedirhan Mehmet A , Metin Muzaffer 
Published: August 2021

Background We investigated whether all size-based pathological T4N0–N1 non-small cell lung cancer patients with tumors at any size >7 cm had the same outcomes. Methods We reviewed non-small cell lung cancer patients with tumors >7 cm who underwent anatomical lung resection between 2010 and 2016. A total of 251 size-based T4N0–N1 patients were divided into two groups based on tumor size. Group S ( n = 192) included patients with tumors of 7.1–9.9 cm and Group L ( n = 59) as tumor size ≥10 cm. Results The mean tumor size was 8.83 ± 1.7 cm (Group S: 8.06 ± 0.6 cm, Group L: 11.3 ± 1.6 cm). There were 146 patients with pathological N0 and 105 patients with pathological N1 disease. Mean overall survival and disease-free survival were 64.2 and 51.4 months, respectively. The five-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 51.2% and 43.5% (five-year OS; pT4N0:52.7%, pT4N1:47.9%, DFS; pT4N0:44.3%, pT4N1: 42.3%). No significant differences were observed between T4N0 and T4N1 patients in terms of five-year OS or DFS ( p = 0.325, p = 0.505 respectively). The five-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 52% and 44.6% in Group S, and 48.5% and 38.9% in Group L. No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of five-year overall survival or disease-free survival ( p = 0.699, p = 0.608, respectively). Conclusions Above 7 cm, any further increase in tumor size in non-small cell lung cancer patients had no significant effect on survival, confirming it is not necessary to further discriminate among patients with tumors in that size class.
An Approach for Humanizing Leadership Education: Building Learning Community & Stakeholder Engagement
Authors: Khilji Shaista E. 
Published: August 2021

In recent years, scholars have become critical of mainstream leadership development approaches. In particular, Petriglieri and Petriglieri refer to the dehumanization of leadership, whereby leadership breaks its ties to identity, community, and context. The purpose of this paper is to present an approach for humanizing leadership using the case example of George Washington University’s Organizational Leadership & Learning (OLL) program. Embedded in the critical leadership studies (CLS) approach, the humanizing principles, and the humanistic leadership paradigm, the OLL program’s leadership learning approach focuses on building a learning community and stakeholder engagement. I describe its pedagogical goals and instructional strategies that help promote a psychologically safe space where learners build trusting relationships, integrate diverse perspectives through respectful dialogues, and develop a sense of the “common good” and culture of equity through issue-centered learning. Using classrooms as “identity spaces” and “leadership learning laboratory” allows learners in the program to practice the co-construction of ideas through mutual influence and interactions. This paper makes a valuable contribution to developing future leadership development programs.
Effect of a Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Hemitenodesis on Reducing Volar Plate Strains for Swan Neck Deformities
Authors: Haddara Mohammad M. , Kadar Assaf , Ferreira Louis M. , Suh Nina 
Published: August 2021

Background Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) hemitenodesis is a common procedure to treat swan neck deformity (SND). We hypothesize that this surgical technique is a biomechanically effective way to reduce strain in the volar plate at the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ). Methods Fifteen digits from 5 cadaveric specimens were tested using a novel in vitro active finger motion simulator under 4 finger conditions: intact, SND, FDS hemitenodesis, and FDS hemitenodesis with distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint fusion. Tensile loads in FDS and flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) and joint ranges of motion were measured by electromagnetic tracking. In addition, strain gauges were inserted under the volar plate to measure strain during PIPJ hyperextension. Results were analyzed using 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance tests. Results The SND condition increased volar plate strain by 176% ± 25% ( P < .001) compared with the intact condition. The FDS hemitenodesis repair relieved more than 50% of the SND strain, restoring it to within no statistical difference from intact. The DIP fusion further reduced strain with no further statistical significance. At full flexion, FDS and FDP tendon loads diverged as a function of the test condition ( P < .001). With the FDS hemitenodesis, the FDP load increased by 2.1 ± 1.5 N from the SND condition ( P < .001), whereas the FDS load decreased by 1.3 ± 1.3 N ( P = .012). Conclusion The FDS hemitenodesis repair restored strains to within 3.0 milli-strain of the intact condition with no significant difference. Application of DIP fusion did not further protect the PIPJ from increased hyperextension and further exacerbated the imbalance of flexor tendon loads.