bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between consumption patterns, health beliefs, and subjective wellbeing in Chinese Baijiu consumers
Authors: Metcalf Debra Ann , Saliba Anthony , McKenzie Kirsty , Gao Appy 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol consumption in China has increased rapidly, and there have been calls for policies and programs to address the issue. Alcohol plays a complex and important role in Chinese culture, where it is considered a symbol of happiness and is associated with wellbeing. Alcohol reduction policies may fail unless they take these cultural and social meanings of alcohol, and its relationship to wellbeing into consideration. Baijiu is a clear fermented spirit that is widely consumed in China and has strong cultural associations with health, wellbeing and prosperity. There is a lack of research on how consumption patterns relate to cultural beliefs and subjective wellbeing.MethodsAn online survey ofn = 1992 Chinese adults was conducted to determine frequency and volume of baijiu consumed; beliefs about health benefits and traditional importance; and associations with subjective wellbeing.ResultsHigher frequency and volume consumed were associated with higher subjective wellbeing, controlling for age and income. We also found small to medium significant associations between consumption frequency and volume and: belief that baijiu is healthy; and that tradition dictated they should drink baijiu.ConclusionsThe traditional and health values placed on baijiu, and its association with wellbeing, may help inform policy developments and alcohol reduction campaigns.
The prognosis of recurrent low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dai Qianwen , Xu Baolin , Wu Huanwen , You Yan , Wu Ming , Li Lei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of recurrent low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) is little known. This study was to investigate the survival outcomes of a cohort of patients with recurrent LGESS.MethodsPatients with primary LGESS diagnosed and treated for first recurrence confirmed by histology in the study center from February 2012 to June 2019 were retrospectively included. The progression-free interval (PFI) after the last treatment for first recurrence and overall survival (OS) since the diagnosis of first recurrence, which were followed up to June 1, 2020, were compared between groups of various therapy modalities.ResultsFifty-six patients were included, and 43 patients (76.8%) had definite follow-up outcomes. The 5-year PFI and OS rates were 30.0% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 29.2–30.8) and 75.0% (68.0–82.0), respectively. In univariate analysis, only fertility-sparing treatment, ovarian preservation and surgical treatment had a significant impact on the PFI (hazard ratio [HR] 4.5, 3.1, and 0.2; 95% CI 1.5–13.1, 1.3–7.3, and 0.1–0.7; andp = 0.006, 0.009 and 0.006, respectively), but no factor was found to be associated with increased mortality risk. After adjusted with hormone treatment or chemotherapy, surgical treatment had significant effectiveness on OS (HR 0.3 and 0.3, 95% CI 0.1–1.0 and 0.1–1.0,p = 0.045 and 0.049, respectively). None of the patients with fertility-sparing treatment had successful conception, and all experienced repeated relapse.ConclusionFor patients with recurrent LGESS, fertility-sparing treatment or ovarian preservation should not be provided. Surgery is the treatment of choice, and hormone treatment and/or chemotherapy was effective for the survival benefits of surgical treatment.
The epidemiology of Moebius syndrome in Italy
Authors: Carta Arturo , Favilla Stefania , Calzetti Giacomo , Casalini Maria Cristina , Ferrari Pier Francesco , Bianchi Bernardo , Simonelli Maria Beatrice , Farci Roberta , Gandolfi Stefano , Mora Paolo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The epidemiology of Moebius syndrome (MBS) is difficult to assess. In the present study, we investigated the epidemiology of MBS in a well-defined population within a precise geographical area.

Materials and methods
Our university hospital is the only national referral center for the diagnosis and treatment of MBS. Participants in this cross-sectional study were patients affected by MBS who had been periodically followed by our medical staff since 1998. Most of the patients were referred to our hospital by the Italian Association of Moebius Syndrome (AISMO). Demographic data necessary for study purposes were made available in the AISMO database, updated to April 2018. Subjects were assigned to geographical macroareas that are conventionally used in surveys and epidemiological investigations by the Italian National Institute of Statistics. The rates and prevalence of MBS cases were calculated on the basis of the last available survey of the Italian population. Each study parameter was then calculated with reference to the whole country and macroarea partition. The sex rate and the corresponding prevalence were calculated with respect to the weighted whole population and to the respective sex population. Chi-square analysis was adopted to investigate possible differences among geographical regions and/or sexes. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
One hundred and sixty-four out of 212 MBS patients fulfilled our inclusion criteria. All cases occurred in Caucasian patients and were sporadic. The median age at diagnosis was 3.6 years, ranging from 0 to 55 years; this range was significantly reduced to 0–5 years (median age at diagnosis: 2.2 years) in patients included after 2007. The calculated prevalence at birth was 0.06 cases per 10,000 live births, with an overall prevalence of 0.27/100,000, without any sex or geographical predominance.

Conclusions
The prevalence of MBS observed herein, rounded for possible underestimation, was 0.3/100,000 people, without any regional difference in the distribution of cases. Our data confirm the rarity of the disease on a national level.
Sexual and reproductive health self-care in humanitarian and fragile settings: where should we start?
Authors: Tran Nguyen Toan , Tappis Hannah , Moon Pierre , Christofield Megan , Dawson Angela 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRecent crises have accelerated global interest in self-care interventions. This debate paper aims to raise the issue of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) self-care and invites members of the global community operating in crisis-affected settings to look at potential avenues in mainstreaming SRH self-care interventions. We start by exploring self-care interventions that could align with well-established humanitarian standards, such as the Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP) for Sexual and Reproductive Health in Crises, point to the potential of digital health support for SRH self-care in crisis-affected settings, and discuss related policy, programmatic, and research considerations. These considerations underscore the importance of self-care as part of the care continuum and within a whole-system approach. Equally critical is the need for self-care in crisis-affected settings to complement other live-saving SRH interventions—it does not eliminate the need for provider-led services in health facilities. Further research on SRH self-care interventions focusing distinctively on humanitarian and fragile settings is needed to inform context-specific policies and practice guidance.
Acupuncture for the treatment of diarrheal-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Qi Ling-Yu , Wang Yu , Wang Li-Qiong , She Yan-Fen , Shi Guang-Xia , Li Ying , Chi Li-Li , Wu Bang-Qi , Tu Jian-Feng , Lin Ying , Yu Fang-Ting , Yang Jing-Wen , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal diseases. Although acupuncture has become a common alternative therapy for IBS, there is insufficient evidence for its effectiveness. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and feasibility of acupuncture in the treatment of IBS.

Methods/design
This is a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. According to the ratio of 1:1:1, 90 patients with irritable bowel syndrome will be randomly divided into specific acupoints (SA) group, non-specific acupoints (NSA) group, and non-acupoints (NA) group. All patients will be treated with acupuncture 12 times within 4 weeks and followed up for 8 weeks. The primary outcome is the response rate, the percentage of patients whose average value of worst abdominal pain is 30% better and the days of loose stool is 50% less than the baseline, at week 4 after randomization. The secondary outcomes include the response rates at other time points, IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression scale (PHQ-9), IBS-Quality of Life scale (IBS-QOL), IBS Adequate Relief (IBS-AR), Abdominal Pain Score, Abdominal Bloating Score, Bristol Stool Score (BBS), blinding assessment, and credibility evaluation. Adverse events will be monitored and recorded during the trial.

Trial registration
Chictr.org.cn ChiCTR2000030670. Registered on 9 March 2020.
The effects of a high-intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Alanazi Ahmad Dhahawi , Mitchell Katy , Roddey Toni , Alenazi Aqeel M. , Alzhrani Msaad M. , Almansour Ahmed M. , Ortiz-Rodriguez Alexis 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
We aimed to examine the effect of a high-intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics in soccer players who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and non-injured soccer players during a soccer-specific landing maneuver.

Methods
Eighteen soccer players who underwent ACLR and 18 normal soccer players were enrolled in this investigation (ACLR group; age, 26.11 ± 3.95 years; body mass index, 23.52 ± 2.69 kg/m2; surgery time, 5 ± 3.30 years: control group; age, 25.83 ± 3.51 years; body mass index, 24.09 ± 3.73 kg/m2, respectively). Participants were evaluated during the landing maneuver before and after carrying out the high-intensity exercise bout using the Wingate test. The intensity of the exercise was defined as a blood lactate accumulation of at least 4 mmol/L. The dependent variables included sagittal-plane kinematics and kinetics of the ankle, knee and hip joints, and electromyography activity of the gastrocnemius, hamstrings, quadriceps, and gluteus maximus.

Results
On 2 × 2 analysis of variance, none of the dependent variable showed significant exercise×group interactions. Regardless of group, significant main effects of exercise were found. Post-exercise landing was characterized by increased flexion of hip (p = 0.01), knee (p = 0.001), and ankle joints (p = 0.002); increased extension moments of hip (p = 0.009), knee (p = 0.012), and ankle joints (p = 0.003), as well as decreased quadriceps activity (p = 0.007).

Conclusion
At 1 year or more post-ACLR, the effect of the high-intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics is not expected to differ from that experienced by healthy soccer players.
Evolutionary divergence in tail regeneration between Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis
Authors: Wang Shouhong , Shi Yun-Bo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTissue regeneration is of fast growing importance in the development of biomedicine, particularly organ replacement therapies. Unfortunately, many human organs cannot regenerate. Anuran Xenopus laevis has been used as a model to study regeneration as many tadpole organs can regenerate. In particular, the tail, which consists of many axial and paraxial tissues, such as spinal cord, dorsal aorta and muscle, commonly present in vertebrates, can fully regenerate when amputated at late embryonic stages and most of the tadpole stages. Interestingly, between stage 45 when feeding begins to stage 47, the Xenopus laevis tail cannot regenerate after amputation. This period, termed “refractory period”, has been known for about 20 years. The underlying molecular and genetic basis is unclear in part due to the difficult to carry out genetic studies in this pseudo-tetraploid species. Here we compared tail regeneration between Xenopus laevis and the highly related diploid anuran Xenopus tropicalis and found surprisingly that Xenopus tropicalis lacks the refractory period. Further molecular and genetic studies, more feasible in this diploid species, should reveal the basis for this evolutionary divergence in tail regeneration between two related species and facilitate the understanding how tissue regenerative capacity is controlled, thus with important implications for human regenerative medicine.
Effects of remote ischemic conditioning on microcirculatory alterations in patients with sepsis: a single-arm clinical trial
Authors: Kiudulaite Inga , Belousoviene Egle , Vitkauskiene Astra , Pranskunas Andrius 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a promising technique that may protect organs and tissues from the effects of additional ischemic episodes. However, the therapeutic efficacy of RIC in humans with sepsis remains unknown. We hypothesized that RIC might improve sublingual microcirculation in patients with sepsis.

Methods
This prospective single-arm trial was performed in a mixed ICU at a tertiary teaching hospital. We included patients with sepsis or septic shock within 24 h of ICU admission. The RIC procedure comprised 3 cycles of brachial cuff inflation to 200 mmHg for 5 min followed by deflation to 0 mmHg for another 5 min. The procedure took 30 min. RIC was performed at the time of study inclusion and repeated after 12 and 24 h. Sublingual microcirculatory measurements were obtained before and after each RIC procedure using a Cytocam®-incident dark-field (IDF) device (Braedius Medical, Huizen, The Netherlands). The microcirculatory data were compared with a historical control. Data are reported as the medians along with the 25th and 75th percentiles.

Results
Twenty-six septic patients with a median age of 65 (57–81) years were enrolled in this study. The median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores at admission were 20 (13–23) and 10 (9–12), respectively. All patients were receiving vasopressors. After the 1st RIC procedure, the microvascular flow index (MFI) and the proportion of perfused vessels (PPV) among small vessels were significantly higher than before the procedure, with pre- and post-treatment values of 2.17 (1.81–2.69) and 2.59 (2.21–2.83), respectively, for MFI (p = 0.003) and 87.9 (82.4–93.8) and 92.5 (87.9–96.1) %, respectively, for PPV (p = 0.026). This result was confirmed by comparison with a historical control group. We found no change in microcirculatory flow or density parameters during repeated RIC after 12 h and 24 h.

Conclusion
In patients with sepsis, the first remote ischemic conditioning procedure improved microcirculatory flow, whereas later procedures did not affect sublingual microcirculation.
Trial registration NCT04644926, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Date of registration: 25 November 2020. Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04644926.
On solutions of fractional multi-term sequential problems via some special categories of functions and (AEP)-property
Authors: Baleanu Dumitru , Iqbal Muhammad Qamar , Hussain Azhar , Etemad Sina , Rezapour Shahram 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe main intention of this article is that new techniques of existence theory are used to derive some required criteria pertinent to a given fractional multi-term problem and its inclusion version. In such an approach, we do our research on a fractional integral equation corresponding to the mentioned BVPs. In more precise words, by virtue of this integral equation, we construct new operators which belong to a special category of functions named α-admissible and α-ψ-contraction maps coupled with operators having (AEP)-property. Next, by considering some new properties on the existing Banach space having properties (B) and $(C_{\alpha })$
(

C
α

)
, our argument for ensuring the existence of solutions is completed. In addition, we also add two simulative examples to review our findings by a numerical view.
Are radiomics features universally applicable to different organs?
Authors: Lee Seung-Hak , Cho Hwan-ho , Kwon Junmo , Lee Ho Yun , Park Hyunjin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Many studies have successfully identified radiomics features reflecting macroscale tumor features and tumor microenvironment for various organs. There is an increased interest in applying these radiomics features found in a given organ to other organs. Here, we explored whether common radiomics features could be identified over target organs in vastly different environments.

Methods
Four datasets of three organs were analyzed. One radiomics model was constructed from the training set (lungs, n = 401), and was further evaluated in three independent test sets spanning three organs (lungs, n = 59; kidneys, n = 48; and brains, n = 43). Intensity histograms derived from the whole organ were compared to establish organ-level differences. We constructed a radiomics score based on selected features using training lung data over the tumor region. A total of 143 features were computed for each tumor. We adopted a feature selection approach that favored stable features, which can also capture survival. The radiomics score was applied to three independent test data from lung, kidney, and brain tumors, and whether the score could be used to separate high- and low-risk groups, was evaluated.

Results
Each organ showed a distinct pattern in the histogram and the derived parameters (mean and median) at the organ-level. The radiomics score trained from the lung data of the tumor region included seven features, and the score was only effective in stratifying survival for other lung data, not in other organs such as the kidney and brain. Eliminating the lung-specific feature (2.5 percentile) from the radiomics score led to similar results. There were no common features between training and test sets, but a common category of features (texture category) was identified.

Conclusion
Although the possibility of a generally applicable model cannot be excluded, we suggest that radiomics score models for survival were mostly specific for a given organ; applying them to other organs would require careful consideration of organ-specific properties.
Multiple pleural nodules diagnosed as IgG4-related disease: a case report
Authors: Iijima Yoshihito , Iwai Shun , Motono Nozomu , Usuda Katsuo , Shioya Akihiro , Takeuchi Shingo , Yamagishi Shigeki , Koizumi Kiyoshi , Yamada Sohsuke , Uramoto Hidetaka 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundImmunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related diseases are characterized by abnormal IgG4 levels, swelling, and marked infiltration and fibrosis of the lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells, causing hypertrophic lesions or nodules. The cause is currently not well understood. IgG4-related diseases involving lesions limited to the pleura are extremely rare. Herein, we report an IgG4-related disease presenting with multiple pleural nodules confirmed by thoracoscopic surgical biopsy.Case presentationA 74 year-old man was referred to our department for definitive diagnosis of multiple pleural nodules after 1 year of follow-up. Computed tomography of the chest revealed multiple pleural nodules, while 2-deoxy-2-(18F)-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging exhibited tracer accumulation in the nodules. A thoracoscopic surgical biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed hyalinized fibrous tissue with a high degree of plasma cell-based inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemically, IgG4-positive cells were conspicuous, accounting for 70.5% of the plasma cells. The postoperative serum IgG4 concentration was 289 mg/dL. We diagnosed the patient with an IgG4-related disease with multiple pleural nodules. The postoperative course was good, and the patient is currently being followed up.ConclusionIgG4-related disease should be considered in cases presenting with multiple pleural nodules.
Efficacy and safety of plasma hemodiafiltration (PHDF) in pediatric patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with shock and DIC: a preliminary study
Authors: Nagafuchi Hiroyuki , Shimizu Hiroyuki , Yamada Kaori , Shono Kenta , Ogawa Tetsuya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is the leading cause of death in pediatric intensive care units and can be very critical when combined with shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Currently, there is no effective treatment. We developed a new hemodiafiltration (HDF) method called plasma HDF (PHDF) that uses fresh frozen plasma as replacement fluid and investigated the safety and efficacy of this treatment.

Methods
We enrolled critically ill children with (1) a Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction 2 (PELOD-2) score ≥ 14, (2) a Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW) DIC score ≥ 7, (3) a vasoactive inotropic score (VIS) ≥ 10, and (4) a serum total protein concentration ≤ 5.0 g/dL. PHDF was performed for 5 h and then switched to continuous HDF. The primary endpoint was the 28-day mortality rate. Secondary endpoints included assessment of vital signs, blood test data, and fluid balance from PHDF start to day 7.

Results
Nine patients (four males and five females) between 3 days and 40 months of age, weighing 2.1–13 kg, met the inclusion criteria. Although the median PMR was 0.94 (0.71–0.96), the 28-day mortality rate was 22.2% (2/9). One hour after the start of PHDF, there was an increase in mean arterial pressure and central venous pressure and a decrease in heart rate; by day 7, there was a significant decrease in the PELOD-2 score, the JMHW DIC score, and the VIS. Hypoproteinemia also improved the day after PHDF. Water balance was able to remain negative after day 2.

Conclusions
PHDF was found to be effective in the treatment of DIC and circulatory failure by supplementing coagulation and antithrombotic factors as well as by raising colloid osmotic pressure to increase circulating blood volume. PHDF has been shown to be a safe and useful treatment for critically ill children and has the potential to improve 28-day survival.