bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploratory study of the factors affecting quality of life in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Takahashi Naoto , Takatsuki Kozue , Kasahara Satoshi , Yabuki Shoji 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

A therapeutic target for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain is the improvement of quality of life (QOL). A multidisciplinary approach to pain management is implemented at the Pain Management Center, Hoshi General Hospital, Japan. We consistently evaluate not only biological pain factors but also pain levels, psychosocial factors associated with pain, and QOL using questionnaires. The study aim was to explore the factors affecting QOL in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Methods

Subjects were 166 patients attending checkups at our pain management center from April 2015 to March 2020 who had valid questionnaire responses. We evaluated age, scores on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pain Disability Assessment Scale (PDAS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire, and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Descriptive statistics were calculated for the 166 patients’ scores. Pearson’s product-moment coefficient correlations were calculated to examine associations among the variables. Subsequent multiple regression analysis, in which QOL was the dependent variable, resulted in a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.58, indicating strong relationships among the variables (p < 0.01).
Results

The standardized regression (beta) coefficients showed significant associations (p < 0.05) among BPI, PDAS, PSEQ, and AIS scores and QOL (EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire scores). However, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores were not strongly associated with QOL.
Conclusions

QOL in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain was strongly related to BPI, PDAS, PSEQ, and AIS scores. We should focus on these factors to improve QOL.
Predictors of hydrocephalus after lateral ventricular tumor resection
Authors: Zhang Chengda , Ge Lingli , Zhang Tingbao , Li Zhengwei , Chen Jincao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of postoperative hydrocephalus in patients with lateral ventricular tumors (LVTs) and to guide the management of perioperative hydrocephalus. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who received LVT resection at the Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2011 and March 2021. Patients were divided between a prophylactic external ventricular drainage (EVD) group and a non-prophylactic EVD group. We analyzed the non-prophylactic EVD group to identify predictors of acute postoperative hydrocephalus. We analyzed all enrolled patients to determine predictors of postoperative ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. A total of 97 patients were included in this study. EVD was performed in 23 patients with postoperative acute obstructive hydrocephalus, nine patients with communicative hydrocephalus, and two patients with isolated hydrocephalus. Logistic regression analysis showed that tumor anterior invasion of the ventricle (P = 0.020) and postoperative hemorrhage (P = 0.004) were independent risk factors for postoperative acute obstructive hydrocephalus, while a malignant tumor (P = 0.004) was an independent risk factor for a postoperative ventriculoperitoneal shunt. In conclusion, anterior invasion of the lateral ventricle and postoperative hemorrhage are independent risk factors for acute obstructive hydrocephalus after LVT resection. Patients with malignant tumors have a greater risk of shunt dependence after LVT resection.
Recovery and Long Term Functional Outcome in Subjects With Critical Illness Polyneuropathy and Myopathy: a Scoping Review
Authors: Intiso Domenico , Centra Marco , Bartolo Michelangelo , Gatta Maria Teresa , Gravina Michele , Rienzo Filomena Di 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW), embraces an array of disorders labeled “critical illness polyneuropathy” (CIP), “critical illness myopathy” (CIM) or “critical illness polyneuromyopathy” (CIPNM). Several studies have addressed the various characteristics of CIPNM, but the recovery is still unclear. Objective: The present review investigated the recovery and the long-term functional outcome of subjects with CIPNM, whether the types of CIPNM have different outcomes and whether there is any supporting evidence. Methods: Literature search was performed from MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PeDro, Web of Science and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were: i) sample size including five or more subjects; ii) subjects who suffered from CIPNM and/or CIP, CIM and CIP/CIM; iii) CIPNM ascertained by EMG. Follow-ups longer than one year were defined as long-term.Results: Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, 788 subjects with CIPNM were enrolled: 159 (20.1%) died and 588 (74.6%) were followed. Of all the included patients, 613 (77.7%) had CIP, 82 (10.4%) CIM and 56 (7.1%) CIP/CIM. Overall, 70.3% of the subjects with CIPNM fully recovered. Seven (24.1%) studies had a follow-up longer than 1 year (range 2-8) with 173 (21.9%) subjects enrolled globally and 108 followed. Of these subjects, 88.8% gained full recovery. Most of the studies did not use proper functional scales and only 4 and 3 studies employed the Barthel scale and the FIM scale. Differentiation between the types of CIPNM was performed in 7 studies, but only 3 studies reported that subjects with CIM had a better prognosis and earlier recovery than subjects with CIP/CIM.Conclusions: Subjects with CIPNM could achieve good recovery and could further improve at follow-up. The quality of the published studies due to short follow-ups and the paucity of defined outcome measures limit the evidence.
Im2Mesh GAN: Accurate 3D Hand Mesh Recovery from a Single RGB Image
Authors: Pemasiri Akila , Nguyen Kien , Sridha Sridha , Fookes Clinton 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This work addresses hand mesh recovery from a single RGB image. In contrast to most of the existing approaches where parametric hand models are employed as the prior, we show that the hand mesh can be learned directly from the input image. We propose a new type of GAN called Im2Mesh GAN to learn the mesh through end-to-end adversarial training. By interpreting the mesh as a graph, our model is able to capture the topological relationship among the mesh vertices. We also introduce a 3D surface descriptor into the GAN architecture to further capture the associated 3D features. We conduct experiments with the proposed Im2Mesh GAN architecture in two settings: one where we can reap the benefits of coupled groundtruth data availability of the images and the corresponding meshes; and the other which combats the more challenging problem of mesh estimation without the corresponding groundtruth. Through extensive evaluations we demonstrate that even without using any hand priors the proposed method performs on par or better than the state-of-the-art.
Determining Staffing Standards for Primary Care Services Using Workload Indicators of Staffing Needs in the Philippines
Authors: Aytona Ma Graziella Cardano , Politico Mary Ruth , McManus Leah , Ronquillo Kenneth , Okech Mollent 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Health services cannot be delivered without an adequate, competent health workforce. Evidence suggests a direct relationship between density of health workforce and health outcomes. The Philippines is faced with health workforce challenges including shortages, inequitable distribution and inadequate skill mix which hinder health service delivery. Evidence-based workforce planning is therefore critical to achieve universal health care.
Methods
The Philippines adopted the World Health Organization’s workload indicators of staffing need methodology. Using a multistage sampling method, nine regions with poor health indicators in tuberculosis, family planning, and maternal child health were identified. Physicians, nurses, midwives, and medical technologists were prioritized in the study from 89 primary care health facilities (barangay health stations, rural health units, and city health offices). Data was collected using in-depth interviews, document reviews, observations, and field visits. The workload indicators of staffing need software were used for data analysis to determine staffing requirements and analyse workforce pressure.
Results
The study showed varied results in terms of staffing requirements and workload pressure across cadres and facility types. Some health facilities exhibited staff shortages and high workload pressure. Out of the 40 rural health units and city health offices, only three had the required physicians needed and 22 facilities had a shortage of physicians working under high workload pressure. Other facilities had excess staff compared to the calculated requirements. Nurses at the rural health units showed high workload pressure. Ten rural health units had no medical technologists. Midwives at barangay health stations exhibited extremely low workload pressures.
Conclusion
The study identifies the need for the Philippine Health System, both through the Department of Health and the local governments to efficiently optimize the available health workers by revising the services offered at the primary health care facilities. The results provide evidence for staffing requirements at various levels of care based on workloads, scope of practice and time taken to undertake specific tasks at the barangay health stations, rural health units and city health offices to be integrated into the human resources for health management systems.
Oxidized Linoleic Acid Interacts With Gut Microbiota to Promote Colitis and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Weicang , Wang Yuxin , Sanidad Katherine Z. , Zhang Jianan , Yang Haixia , Johnson David , Sherman Heather L. , Kim Daeyoung , Minter Lisa M. , Decker Eric A. , Zhang Guodong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Emerging human studies support that a high intake of linoleic acid (LA), which is an essential fatty acid and the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in human diet, is associated with increased risks of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As a PUFA, LA is highly prone to oxidation; to date, it remains unknown whether the observed IBD-enhancing effect of dietary LA is caused by LA itself (un-oxidized LA) or oxidized LA. Answering this question will help us to identify the exact risk factor of IBD and to develop targeted strategies to reduce the risks of IBD; in addition, the obtained information could have important implications for optimizing dietary recommendations. Results: Here we show that oxidized LA, rather than LA itself, exacerbates colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis, via gut microbiota- and microbial receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent mechanisms. Administration of a diet containing oxidized LA, at low human-consumption levels, increases the severity of colitis and exaggerates the development of colorectal tumorigenesis in mice. In addition, oxidized LA alters gut microbiota and fails to promote colitis in antibiotic-treated mice. Finally, oxidized LA activates TLR4 signaling in vivo and fails to promote colitis in Tlr4-/- mice. Conclusions: Overall, these results support that oxidized LA could be a risk factor of IBD and associated diseases, highlighting the need to develop novel strategies to further control oxidation of dietary LA and potentially update policies regulating the levels of oxidized LA in food products.
Risk Factors Associated with Intraoperative Iatrogenic Fracture in Patients Undergoing Intramedullary Nailing for Diaphyseal Atypical Femoral Fractures
Authors: Joo Yong Bum , Chung Hyung Jin , Jeon Yoo Sun , Lee Woo Yong , Kim Dong Hwan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Effects of Carbonylation on the Freshness of Milk and Carbonylation Prevention Measures
Authors: Wen Gu , Hui Liu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: To study the effects of carbonylation on freshness during milk storage and develop methods for keeping milk fresh. Methods: The effects of storage temperature, time, vacuum and repeated freeze-thaw on milk carbonylation were determined. Levels of carbonylation were measured. Results: The carbonylation content increased with storage time at room temperature. Vacuum protection and antibacterial protection decreased the protein carbonylation content. The carbonylation content increased with the number of freeze-thaw cycles under low-temperature storage conditions. Conclusion: Vacuum freezing delays oxidative damage to milk protein.
Efficient Screening of Pesticide Diazinon-Binding Aptamers Using The Sol-Gel Coated Nanoporous Membrane-Assisted SELEX Process and Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Lim Min-Cheol , Lim Eun Seob , Lim Jeong-A , Choi Sung-Wook , Chang Hyun-Joo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAptamer-based methods for detecting pesticides are more efficient than antibody-based methods as aptamers have high thermal stability, low molecular weight, easy modification, and low cost. However, only few studies on SELEX performed in combination with next generation sequencing (NGS) to screen aptamers specific for pesticides have been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to develop the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) process, combined with NGS, to select aptamers specific to the pesticide, diazinon, which was fixed on a sol-gel-coated nanoporous anodized aluminum oxide membrane. Methods and resultsThe frequency of specific nucleotide sequences obtained after SELEX rounds was analyzed using NGS. Nine sequences with the highest frequency after SELEX round 10 followed by NGS were selected and tested to derive their binding affinity with the target, diazinon, through circular dichroism (CD) spectrophotometry. The CD signal difference of the aptamer candidates ranged from 0.13 to 2.242 mdeg between diazinon-only treated and diazinon-aptamer-treated samples at a wavelength near 270 nm. Aptamer D-4, which had the highest binding affinity from CD spectrophotometry analysis, showed no cross-reactivity with non-target pesticides, such as baycarb, bifenthrin, and pyridaben, but interacted with the other pesticides, fipronil and 2-phenylphenol.ConclusionsThe proposed SELEX process combined with NGS for the discovery of aptamers for new targets can shorten the SELEX cycle by reducing the number of SELEX rounds to 10 or less. Therefore, an efficiently selected aptamer is highly expected to be used for the detection of pesticides in foods in the field.
Comprehensive Analysis of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma Expression Profiles Identified Long Noncoding RNA AKTIP as a Potential Biomarker
Authors: He Hanyi , Wang Xinlu , Lu Yueyue , Lin Xiaojiang , Li Yuandong , Li Yong , Lin Zhihong , Ma Zhiqi , Cao Xiaolin , Teng Yaoshu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of neoplasms. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression profile, potential functions, and diagnostic and clinicopathological significance of lncRNAs in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP).Methods The expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed using a microarray. The potential functions and clinical implications of specific lncRNAs were further analyzed by bioinformatics and statistical methods.Results Microarray analysis identified 1,668 significantly upregulated and 1,767 downregulated lncRNAs in SNIP. Several mRNAs coexpressed with lncRNAs were enriched in some biological processes and cellular signaling pathways related to tumorigenesis. Lnc-AKTIP might interact with a variety of tumor-associated proteins and transcription factors, such as PCBP2, IRF-1, and p53.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for lnc-AKTIP showed an area under the curve of 0.939. Notably, its expression level was significantly decreased in SNIP tissues versus normal tissues and was associated with SNIP staging.Conclusion Lnc-AKTIP may serve as a valuable diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for SNIP.
Progressive Compressive Sensing of Large Images with Multiscale Deep Learning Reconstruction
Authors: Kravets Vladislav , Stern Adrian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Compressive sensing (CS) is a sub-Nyquist sampling framework that has been employed to improve the performance of numerous imaging applications during the last fifteen years. Yet, its application for large and high-resolution imaging remains challenging in terms of the computation and acquisition effort involved. Often, low-resolution imaging is sufficient for most of the considered tasks and only a fraction of cases demand high resolution, but the problem is that the user does not know in advance when high-resolution acquisition is required. To address this, we propose a multiscale progressive CS method for the high-resolution imaging. The progressive sampling refines the resolution of the image, while incorporating the already sampled low-resolution information, making the process highly efficient. Moreover, the multiscale property of the progressively sensed samples is capitalized for a fast, deep learning (DL) reconstruction, otherwise infeasible due to practical limitations of training on high-resolution images. The progressive CS and the multiscale reconstruction method are analyzed numerically and demonstrated experimentally with a single pixel camera imaging system. We demonstrate 4-megapixel size progressive compressive imaging with about half the overall number of samples, more than an order of magnitude faster reconstruction, and improved reconstruction quality compared to alternative conventional CS approaches.
Genomics of perivascular space burden unravels early mechanisms of cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Debette Stéphanie , Duperron Marie-Gabrielle , Knol Maria , Grand Quentin Le , Evans Tavia , Mishra Aniket , Roshchupkin Gennady , Konuma Takahiro , Trégouët David-Alexandre , Romero Jose , Frenzel Stefan , Luciano Michelle , Hofer Edith , Bourgey Mathieu , Dueker Nicole , Delgado Pilar , Hilal Saima , Tankard Rick , Dubost Florian , Shin Jean , Saba Yasaman , Armstrong Nicola , Bordes Constance , Bastin Mark , Beiser Alexa , Brodaty Henry , Bülow Robin , Carrera Caty , Chen Christopher P. , Cheng Ching-Yu , Deary Ian , Gampawar Piyush G. , Himali Jayandra , Jiang Jiyang , Li Shuo , Macalli Melissa , Marquis Pascale , Morris Zoe , Maniega Susanna Muñoz , Paradise Matthew , Pedram Parva , Rundek Tatjana , Sargurupremraj Murali , Schilling Sabrina , Soukarieh Omar (TBC) , Teumer Alexander , Thalamuthu Anbupalam , Trollor Julian , Tsuchida Ami , Hernández Maria Valdés , Vernooij Meike , Völker Uwe , Wittfeld Katharina , Wong Tien Yin , Wright Margaret , Yang Qiong , Zhang Junyi , Zhao Wanting , Zhu Ycheng , Schmidt Helena , Sachdev Perminder , Wen Wei , JOUTEL Anne , Satizabal Claudia , Sacco Ralph , Bourque Guillaume , Lathrop Mark , Paus Tomas , Fernandez-Cadenas Israel , Mazoyer Bernard , Okada Yukinori , Grabe Hans , Mather Karen , Schmidt Reinhold , Ikram M. Arfan , Tzourio Christophe , Wardlaw Joanna , Seshadri Sudha , Adams Hieab 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Perivascular space burden (PVS) is an emerging and possibly the earliest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-marker of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), a leading cause of stroke and dementia. Its molecular underpinnings are unknown. Genome-wide and whole-exome association studies in 40,095 participants (21 population-based cohorts, 66.3±8.6 years) revealed 24 genome-wide significant PVS risk loci. These showed association with white matter PVS already at age 20, suggesting an important role of early-life factors. PVS loci were enriched in genes causing early-onset leukodystrophies and genes expressed in fetal brain endothelial cells. Mendelian randomization analyses supported causal associations of high blood pressure with basal ganglia (BG) and hippocampal PVS, and of BG PVS with stroke. Transcriptome-wide association studies suggest causal implication of 11 genes, to prioritize for experimental follow-up as putative biotargets for cSVD. Two-thirds of PVS loci point to novel pathways, involving extracellular matrix, membrane transport, and developmental processes, with enrichment in targets of existing drugs for vascular/cognitive disorders.
Acquisition of resistance to wild-type spike-immune sera by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Arase Hisashi , Liu Yafei , Arase Noriko , Kishikawa Jun-ichi , Hirose Mika , Li Songling , Tada Asa , Matsuoka Sumiko , Arakawa Akemi , Akamatsu Kanako , Ono Chikako , Jin Hui , Kishida Kazuki , Nakai Wataru , Kohyama Masako , Nakagawa Atsushi , Takagi Junichi , Yamagishi Yoshiaki , Nakagami Hironori , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Matsuura Yoshiharau , Standley Daron M. , Kato Takayuki , Okada Masato , Fujimoto Manabu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Breakthrough infection is often observed for the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, and neutralizing antibody levels are associated with vaccine efficiency1. Recent studies revealed that not only anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies2 but also antibodies against the N-terminal domain (NTD) play important roles in positively3,4 or negatively4-8 controlling SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Here, we found that the Delta variant completely escaped from anti-NTD neutralizing antibodies, while increasing responsiveness to anti-NTD infectivity-enhancing antibodies. Cryo-EM analysis of the Delta spike revealed that epitopes for anti-NTD neutralizing antibodies are structurally divergent, whereas epitopes for enhancing antibodies are well conserved with wild-type spike protein. Although Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2-immune sera neutralized the original Delta variant, when major anti-RBD neutralizing antibody epitopes remaining in the Delta variant were disrupted, some BNT162b2-immune sera not only lost neutralizing activity but became infection-enhanced. The enhanced infectivity disappeared when the Delta NTD was substituted with the wild-type NTD. Sera of mice immunized by Delta spike, but not wild-type spike, consistently neutralized the Delta variant lacking anti-RBD antibody epitopes without enhancing infectivity. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 variants with similar mutations in the RBD have already emerged according to the GISAID database and their pseudoviruses were resistant to some BNT162b2-immune sera. These findings demonstrate that mutations in the NTD, as well as the RBD, play an important role in antibody escape by SARS-CoV-2. Development of effective vaccines against emerging variants will be necessary, not only to protect against infection, but also to prevent further mutation of SARS-CoV-2.