bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences of Anthropometric Characteristics and Cardiovascular Endurance between U18 Football Players
Authors: Latif Rozita Abdul , Ruslan Muhammad Hasif , Linoby Adam , Bin Mohamed Muhammad Noor 
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of this study was to examine the differences of anthropometric characteristics and cardiovascular endurance of under 18 football players. Thirty-six football players were involved as respondents. Data were collected using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis monitor scan for evaluating anthropometric characteristics, whereas Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 was used for evaluating cardiovascular endurance. Overall results showed that U18 Akademi Mokhtar Dahari football players had a greater performance compared to Zon Keramat football players. Related to BMI, there was a slight difference between both groups. The obtained results showed that there was no significant difference in height (p=0.14), trunk (p=0.14), and legs (p=0.84). However, there were significant differences in weight (p=0.01) and Body Mass Index (p=0.02). There were also significant differences in the result of yoyo test, where Akademi Mokhtar Dahari football players had a better performance (p=0.00). It concludes that the Akademi Mokhtar Dahari football players had better results compared to Zon Kermat football players.
Nível de estresse entre jovens vivendo com HIV em tratamento: estudo descritivo-exploratório
Authors: Carolinne Marie dos Santos Gomes Anne , Duarte de Oliveira Matos Suellen , Kelly da Silva Nathalia , Cristina Leite da Silva Pereira Vagna , Felipe Costa de Melo Vilma , Raquel Soares Guedes Trigueiro Débora 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: averiguar o nível de estresse dos jovens vivendo com HIV em tratamento. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com jovens vivendo com HIV e recebem tratamento no Serviço de Assistência Especializada de um hospital de referência para doenças infectocontagiosas no município de João Pessoa, Paraíba. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de julho e agosto de 2018 a partir de formulários composto por questões sociodemográficas e o instrumento de avaliação do estresse. O Inventário de Sintomas de Stress. Resultados: identificou-se que a maioria dos jovens vivendo com HIV possuem estresse, do tipo psicológico e encontram-se na fase de resistência. Discussão: O fato de conviver com a sorologia e a TARV podem ser um fator preditor para manifestação de estresse. Conclusão: a maioria dos jovens apresentaram sintomas de estresse e a fase mais prevalente na qual se encontravam fora a fase de resistência.
Fatores associados à prevenção da covid-19 em pessoas com diabetes: estudo transversal
Authors: David Maia Matias Lucas , Gondim Sidrônio de Lucena Jaciely , Fernandes de Azevedo Thaysa , Lucas Dantas de Araújo Silva Alef , Miriam Lopes Costa Marta , Lima de Andrade Lidiane 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados ao conhecimento e as práticas sobre medidas de prevenção da covid-19 em usuários que vivem com diabetes mellitus. Método: trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, analítico e exploratório, desenvolvido com 300 indivíduos que eram acompanhados na Estratégia de Saúde da Família e tinham diagnóstico médico de diabetes mellitus. Na análise, as comparações entre variáveis quantitativas e categóricas se deram por meio dos testes U de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, e o teste de comparações múltiplas de Dunn. Resultados: verificou-se relação entre o escore total do nível de conhecimento e as práticas de prevenção da covid-19 e as variáveis sexo (p<0,001), faixa etária (p=0,003), grau de escolaridade (p=0,018) e comorbidades (p=0,014). Conclusão: Conclui-se que as pessoas do sexo feminino, com faixas etárias e graus de escolaridade mais elevadas, e com comorbidade apresentaram escore total do nível de conhecimento e as práticas de prevenção da covid-19 mais elevado.
Efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 sob os profissionais de saúde: revisão sistemática
Authors: da Silva Melo Malaquias Tatiana , Vieira Claudio Okubo Caroline , Angela Rossaneis Mariana , Aroni Patrícia , Miguel Malaquias Angelo , Do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço Haddad Maria 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns e sinais e sintomas físicos ocasionados aos profissionais de saúde que prestaram assistência direta à pacientes infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 entre os anos de 2019 a 2021 nos serviços de saúde. Método: Revisão sistemática da literatura onde serão incluídos estudos observacionais que abordem os transtornos mentais comuns e sinais e sintomas físicos ocasionados aos profissionais de saúde que prestaram assistência direta à pacientes infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 nos anos de 2019 a 2021. As buscas serão realizadas em bases de dados abrangentes, sem restrição de idiomas. Seguirá todos os passos metodológicos preconizados para as revisões sistemáticas. Resultados: Espera-se identificar estudos que apontem a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns e sinais e sintomas mentais físicos apresentados por profissionais de saúde que prestaram assistência direta à pacientes infectados SARS-CoV-2. Conclusão: Este estudo encontra-se em andamento e o protocolo está aprovado na PROSPERO sob o número CRD42020213686.
Perilipin-5 as a potential new biomarker in patients with liver disease and impaired De Ritis ratio
Authors: ŞAHİN İbrahim Ethem , HACIOĞLU Ceyhan , DAVRAN Fatih , ALPAY Merve 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Liver dysfunctions are one of the most prevalent and deadly diseases worldwide. The De Ritis ratio, which is obtained by proportioning serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), has been suggested to be a precious marker to assess the prognosis of liver diseases. This study was to investigate the relationship between perilipin 5 (PLIN5) levels and De Ritis ratio in patients with liver disease.
Materials and Methods: There were 3 groups: control (Group1; n=20), hepatic patients with normal De Ritis ratio (Group2; n=35) and hepatic patients with impaired De Ritis ratio (Group3; n=35). De Ritis rates of all patients were determined according to the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) results. Additionally, PLIN5 was spectrophotometrically analyzed from serum samples.
Results: There is no significant difference between the groups in terms of age and gender. PLIN5 levels increased by 2.6 and 3.8 times in Group2 and Group3, respectively. De Ritis ratio was significantly increased in the Group3 compared the control, and enhanced PLIN5 levels was correlated with De Ritis ratio in the Group3. There was a significant positive correlation between De Ritis ratio and PLIN5 levels.
Conclusion: PLIN5 levels together with De Ritis rate in liver patients may be used as a prognostic marker. Furthermore, this relationship could be a useful method in the follow-up of liver diseases.
Application of the bootstrap method to quantify uncertainty in seismic hazard estimates
Authors: Lamarre Michéle , Townshend Brent , Shah Haresh C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper describes a methodology to assess the uncertainty in seismic hazard estimates at particular sites. A variant of the bootstrap statistical method is used to combine the uncertainty due to earthquake catalog incompleteness, earthquake magnitude, and recurrence and attenuation models used. The uncertainty measure is provided in the form of a confidence interval. Comparisons of this method applied to various sites in California with previous studies are used to confirm the validity of the method.
Microearthquakes at Yucca Mountain, Nevada
Authors: Brune James N. , Nicks Walter , Aburto Arturo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe operated a microearthquake array in the neighborhood of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The array consists of four high-gain (up to 34 million), narrow band (25 Hz) telemetered stations.Based on approximate magnitude calibration of the array we expect during quiet periods, for distances less than 15 km, complete recording of events at Yucca Mt. for M ≧ −1. We have operated the four stations for 12-hour periods overnight between August and October 1990 and intermittently afterward, until April 1991, when we began more or less continuous operation.The pattern of microearthquake activity confirms the existence of a zone of seismic quiescence in the vicinity of proposed repository. We recorded only about 10 events with S-P times of less than 3 sec (D &lt; 24 km). Most events had S-P times between 3 and 6.5 sec, consistent with the higher seismic activity at distances between 24 and 52 km observed by Rogers et al. (1987) and Gomberg (1991). Oliver et al. (1966) found, contrary to what has been observed by us for Yucca Mountain, that in seismically active areas most of the events had S-P times of less than 3 sec. We confirmed this expectation for four microearthquake stations near Mammoth Lakes, where we observed microearthquake rates of over 100 per day, most with S-P times of less than 3 sec. Extrapolation of seismicity data from the Southern Great Basin Seismic Network confirms the low microearthquake activity in the immediate vicinity of Yucca Mountain.
Pulse-shape distortion introduced by broadband deconvolution
Authors: Sipkin Stuart A. , Lerner-Lam Arthur L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The availability of broadband digitally recorded seismic data has led to an increasing number of studies using data from which the instrument transfer function has been deconvolved. In most studies, it is assumed that raw ground motion is the quantity that remains after deconvolution. After deconvolving the instrument transfer function, however, seismograms are usually high-pass filtered to remove low-frequency noise caused by very long-period signals outside the frequency band of interest or instabilities in the instrument response at low frequencies. In some cases, data must also be low-pass filtered to remove high-frequency noise from various sources. Both of these operations are usually performed using either zero-phase (acausal) or minimum-phase (causal) filters. Use of these filters can lead to either bias or increased uncertainty in the results, especially when taking integral measures of the displacement pulse. We present a deconvolution method, based on Backus-Gilbert inverse theory, that regularizes the time-domain deconvolution problem and thus mitigates any low-frequency instabilities. We apply a roughening constraint that minimizes the long-period components of the deconvolved signal along with the misfit to the data, emphasizing the higher frequencies at the expense of low frequencies. Thus, the operator acts like a high-pass filter but is controlled by a trade-off parameter that depends on the ratio of the model variance to the residual variance, rather than an ad hoc selection of a filter corner frequency. The resulting deconvolved signal retains a higher fidelity to the original ground motion than that obtained using a postprocess high-pass filter and eliminates much of the bias introduced by such a filter. A smoothing operator can also be introduced that effectively applies a low-pass filter. This smoothing is useful in the presence of blue noise, or if inferences about source complexity are to be made from the roughness of the deconvolved signal.
Appraising relative earthquake location errors
Authors: Pavlis Gary L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEarthquake location estimates suffer from two types of errors: (1) systematic offsets caused by large scale earth structure, and (2) scatter of locations of different earthquakes relative to each other. I show that relative location errors are controlled by four separate error terms: (1) scatter caused by random, measurement error; (2) nonlinear effects; (3) mislocations caused by interaction of errors in modeling travel times with variations in the number and quality of arrivals recorded by different events; and (4) mislocations caused by variations in how errors in modeling travel times vary with position inside the real Earth. The first can be handled by conventional statistical methods. The second can be bounded using a second-order approximation, provided one can provide a reasonable estimate for an upper bound on the total spatial error that might be present in the location estimate. I demonstrate that the size of each of the two error terms related to inadequate knowledge of the Earth's velocity structure can be bounded provided we can determine an upper bound on travel-time errors as a function of distance. I describe an empirical approach for determining such a bound using differences between the sum of squared residuals of earthquakes located with all available data and the same event located with a single arrival deleted. This calculation is repeated for all arrivals and used to construct an upper bound on travel-time errors as a function of distance. The concepts developed are applied to bound errors in locations of earthquakes in the Garm region of central Asia, and they demonstrate the utility of these ideas in sorting out events with minimal relative error.
Automatic seismogram analysis: Statistical phase picking and locating methods using one-station three-component data
Authors: Tarvainen Matti 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Seismic events at local and regional distances are located using data from the Vaasa (VAF 63.0 °N, 22.7 °E) three-component station in western Finland. The analysis is performed off-line after pseudo on-line detections. The continuous data are first recorded on long disk loops. These loops can cover 10 days of data. The events are picked using Murdock-Hutt detector and after that they are recorded as separate files for further analysis.
The direction of approach, which estimates the polarization state of the signal, is determined by the well-established maximum likelihood method. The difference between the arrival times of P and S phases is used to estimate the distance. Phases observed up to 185 km distance from the source are assumed to be Pg and Sg and beyond that Pn and Sn. The onset times of the phases are estimated by a statistical data-adaptive method. The onsets calculated in this way are very accurate when compared with earlier methods like STA/LTA.
Epicenter locations are similar to those of FINSA network reported in Helsinki bulletins. The median of the location differences is about 50 km.
Short-period surface-wave dispersion and shallow crustal structure of central and eastern Tennessee
Authors: Yao Paul C. , Dorman James 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGroup velocity dispersion of explosion-generated seismic surface waves with periods ranging from 0.2 to 1.5 sec is used to investigate shallow crustal structure of eastern and central Tennessee. Several modes of both Rayleigh and Love waves can be identified and separated on the seismograms of seven SARSN regional network stations by zero-phase digital filtering. Dispersion data for sinusoidal wave motion were based on digitized zero-crossing times.By forward modeling, we find that a wave guide of at least two layers over a half-space can adequately represent our particular multi-mode, narrow-band observations. In a layered section about 3 km thick, lower velocities characterize outcropping clastic rocks of the Cumberland plateau, and higher velocities correspond to shallow carbonate rocks of the Nashville Dome. Half-space shear velocities of about 3.9 km/sec appear to represent lower Paleozoic carbonate lithology deeper than 2 to 4 km on most of the observed paths.Our best data, interpreted jointly with earlier data of Oliver and Ewing (1958) and of Chen et al. (1989), have a composite period range of 0.2 to 40 sec, but they represent different Appalachian paths. Group velocities over this broad spectrum are satisfied by a complex model with two low-velocity layers. The uniqueness of this model cannot be demonstrated, but it represents important hypotheses concerning regional geologic features that can be tested more rigorously by improved surface-wave dispersion data.
Comments on “Lamb's problem for fluid-saturated porous media”
Authors: Sharma M. D. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Philippacopoulos (1988) discusses axisymmetric wave propagation in a fluid-saturated porous solid half-space. The disturbance is considered to be produced by the concentrated load P0exp(iωt) acting vertically at the surface. Boundary conditions chosen imply that a vertical force acting on the surface of fluid-saturated porous solid exerts no pressure on the interstitial liquid. These boundary conditions do not seem appropriate.
In the present study, the boundary conditions have been changed in order to satisfy the concept of porosity. These are also in accordance with those discussed by Deresiewicz and Skalak (1963) for the special case of interface between liquid and liquid-saturated porous media. Analytic expressions have been derived for the displacements at the surface. The limiting case of a dry elastic solid is also deduced. Effects of intergranular energy losses due to solid phase and of dissipation due to flow of pore fluid are exhibited on the displacements at the surface. Contrary to Philippacopoulos (1988), the displacements in saturated poroelastic solids are found to be larger than those in a dry elastic solid with same Lamb's moduli.
Seismic source spectrum of microearthquakes
Authors: Iio Yoshihisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The seismic source spectra of microearthquakes having seismic moments between 1014 and 1018 dyne cm were investigated by using local recordings from an excellent hard-rock site. The P-wave velocity near the site was estimated as about 6 km/sec, even immediately below the ground surface. The effect of anelastic attenuation was thought to be very small, since predominant frequencies of greater than 100 Hz were detected in seismograms recorded at focal distances greater 10 km. Many seismograms with S-P times of less than 0.6 sec were observed.
The first cycle of the P-wave velocity seismogram was used in this study. The waveforms after the first cycle are likely formed near the site, since their periods are exactly the same for earthquakes that have different source processes. In the high-frequency portion of the estimated displacement source spectra, the slopes of the fall-off have values much greater than 2. The source process of microearthquakes is assumed to be very slow and smooth.
Comparison of ultra-low frequency electromagnetic signals with aftershock activity during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake sequence
Authors: Fenoglio M. A. , Fraser-Smith A. C. , Beroza G. C. , Johnston M. J. S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ultra-low frequency (0.01 to 10.0 Hz) magnetic field fluctuations near the epicenter of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake rose sharply immediately before the earthquake following indications of increased disturbance during the previous 12 days. The magnetic activity remained much higher than the pre-earthquake background level for 6 weeks following the mainshock. These observations suggest a causal relationship between the earthquake failure process and the magnetic signals. A search for similar precursory electromagnetic signals associated with aftershocks of this earthquake yields negative results. Specifically, no correlation appears to exist between the amplitude of the electromagnetic activity and the frequency or magnitude of aftershocks following the mainshock. Either a “threshold” earthquake magnitude larger, in this case, than ML 5.5, may be necessary to generate precursory electromagnetic signals or the continued generation of magnetic signals related to the mainshock may have masked signals generated by the larger aftershocks.
Modeling teleseismicP-wave propagation in the upper mantle using a parabolic approximation
Authors: Bostock M. G. , VanDecar J. C. , Snieder R. K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTeleseismic waves propagating in the upper mantle are subject to considerable distortion due to the effects of laterally heterogeneous structure. The magnitude and scale of velocity contrasts representative of features such as subducted slabs may be such that wave diffraction becomes an important process. In this case forward modeling methods based on high-frequency asymptotic approximations to the wave equation will not accurately describe the wavefield. A method is introduced to model the propagation of teleseismic P waves in a laterally heterogeneous upper mantle that accounts for distortion of the initial portion of the wavefield including the effects of multipathing and frequency-dependent diffraction. The method is based on a parabolic approximation to the wave equation that is solved in the time domain on a finite-difference grid which mimics the expected pattern of energy flow in a reference velocity field. Numerical examples for a simple two-dimensional subducting slab model demonstrate the application of the method and illustrate the effects of multipathing and diffraction which dominate waveform distortion at high and low frequencies, respectively.
Effects of viscoelasticity on seismic wave propagation in fault zones, near-surface sediments, and inclusions
Authors: Kang Ik Bum , McMechan George A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBy defining anelastic effects through the superposition of relaxation mechanisms, and incorporating them into the wave equation in terms of memory variables, the time-domain computation of responses of viscoelastic media with arbitrary spatial variations is feasible. This approach is applied to simulation of the effects of realistic distribution of compressional and shear wave quality factors (Qp and Qs) in a sequence of viscoelastic models of increasing complexity from a homogeneous medium, to a fault zone, a near-surface attenuating zone, and inclusions with anomalous Qp and Qs values. Comparisons of elastic and viscoelastic responses for both surface and borehole recordings show pronounced Q-dependent attenuation; analysis of data from viscoelastic media using elastic, rather than a viscoelastic, model may result in misleading or erroneous interpretations.