bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The critical success factors to remote development of construction management skills and competencies in Nigeria
Authors: Onyia Uzor , Egbu Charles , Suresh Subashini , Renukappa Suresh 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Construction management skills and competencies (CMSC) are of greatest importance for the industry to succeed and thrive. Some factors are critical to CSMC development. Hence, following the restrictions occasioned by the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic, this study reviewed and examined these factors to understand their level of influence in the remote development of CMSC adopted by the industry within and post the disruptions induced by the pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a quantitative and descriptive research method. Data were sourced from 155 completed and usable survey questionnaires with registered and licensed engineering and construction professionals practicing in both private and public sectors in Nigeria. Participants were drawn from the membership database of the Nigeria Society of Engineers.

Findings
The identified critical success factors (CSFs) are categorised into organisational factors which include leadership, engineering project networks and eLearning, measurement and review system, strategy and resources, organisational culture, tradition and structure. In addition to individual factors in this order of influence; willingness to learn, promotion and career development, obtaining certified qualification and obtaining respect of peers are CSFs of remote development of CMSC in Nigeria.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to identify and examine the CSFs to remote development of CMSC tailored to developing countries in Africa. It explored the two categories of CSFs in both remote and traditional CMSC developments and established that the organisational factors remain positively dominants in traditional as well as in remote development of CMSC. It further ranked the individual factors in their order of influence in Nigeria, offered insights into motivation of construction management trainees in developing countries and offered areas of improvements such as quality of training and certification.
Psychological and the physical health impacts of forensic workplace trauma
Authors: Mistry Dipti , Gozna Lynsey , Cassidy Tony 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Health-care professionals working in inpatient forensic mental health settings are exposed to a range of traumatic and distressing incidents with impacts discussed variously as “burnout”, “compassion fatigue”, “secondary trauma stress” and “vicarious traumatisation”. This study aims to explore the short- and long-term psychological and physical health effects of trauma exposure in the workplace for frontline staff in a forensic setting.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 nursing staff members working in the male personality disorders care stream in a Medium Secure Hospital.

Findings
Thematic analysis yielded five themes: categories of trauma; how well-being is impacted; ways of coping and managing; protective factors; and systemic factors, with sub-themes within each of the superordinate themes.

Practical implications
The findings demonstrate that some staff members were affected both physically and psychologically as a result of trauma-focused work whereas other staff members were unaffected. The psychological and physical health effects were broadly short-term; however, long-term effects on staff member’s social networks and desensitisation to working conditions were observed. A broad range of coping methods were identified that supported staff member’s well-being, which included both individual and organisational factors. Staff member’s health is impacted by exposure to workplace trauma either directly or indirectly through exposure to material, and there is a greater need to support staff members after routine organisational provisions are complete. Staff should receive education and training on the possible health effects associated with exposure to potentially traumatic material and events.

Originality/value
This research has further contributed to understanding the staff needs of nursing staff members working with the forensic personality disorder patients within a secure hospital setting. This research has identified the following service developments: the need for ongoing support particularly after organisational provisions are complete; further prospects to engage in psychological formulations; greater opportunities for informal supervision forums; staff training to understand the potential health impact associated with trauma-focused work; supervisors being appropriately trained and supported to elicit impacts of trauma-focused work on staff members; and additional opportunities to discuss well-being or monitor well-being.
A temperature-insensitive FBG acceleration sensor with sinusoid-shaped curved beams
Authors: Qiu Zhongchao , Mu Ruwang , Zhang Yuzi , Li Yanan , Teng Yuntian , Hong Li 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This study aims to solve the problem of temperature cross sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating in structural health monitoring, proposing a novel acceleration sensor based on strain chirp effect which is insensitive to temperature.

Design/methodology/approach
A kind of M-shaped double cantilever beam structure is developed. The fiber grating is pasted in the gradient strain region of the beam, and the chirp effect is produced under the action of non-uniform stress, and then the change of acceleration is converted into the change of reflection bandwidth to demodulate and eliminate the temperature interference. Through theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental verification with rectangular beam sensor.

Findings
The results show that the sinusoidal curvature beam sensor is insensitive to the change of temperature and is more likely to produce chirp effect. The sensitivity is about 317 pm/g, and the natural frequency is 56 Hz.

Originality/value
This paper fulfils an insensitive to temperature changes sensor which has effectively solved the temperature cross-sensitivity problem in building structure health monitoring.
Effect of anxiety on COVID‐19 infection in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Ozkan Kurtgoz Pervin , Sackan Fatih , Kızılarslanoglu Muhammet Cemal , Bilgin Ozlem , Guney Ibrahim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSome evidence suggests that anxiety deteriorate the immune system. We aimed to determine the effect of anxiety on COVID‐19 infection in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Our study was conducted with 80 HD patients. State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaires were administered between April 15 and May 1, 2020. These patients were followed up for about 8 months and COVID‐19 infection, hospitalization, and death rates were recorded. Twenty‐one (26%) of the patients were diagnosed with COVID‐19 infection. Fourteen out of twenty one (66.6%) of the patients were hospitalized, and 8/21 (38%) of them died due to COVID‐19. STAI‐S (p= 0.006) and BAI (p= 0.021) scores were found to be higher and STAI‐T (p= 0.040) score was found to be lower in HD patients who were infected with COVID‐19 compared to without, at the follow‐up period. It might be concluded in this study that COVID‐19 was more common in anxious HD patients.
mRNA vaccines against COVID‐19: a showcase for the importance of microbial biotechnology
Authors: Brüssow Harald 
Published: November 2021

SummaryPfizer‐BioNTech and Moderna developed in record time mRNA vaccines against COVID‐19 of high efficacy. The modest protection achieved with a similarly designed mRNA from CureVac underlines the importance of biotechnological details in formulation such as replacement of uridine by pseudouridine in the mRNA encoding the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein or the lipid composition of the nanoparticle coating the mRNA. Phase 3 vaccine trials and vaccine studies in special subject groups as well observational studies in whole populations confirmed the real‐world vaccine efficacy against symptomatic disease, particularly against severe COVID‐19 cases and to a lesser extent against mild SARS‐CoV‐2 infections. mRNA vaccine protection extended also to the alpha and beta variant viruses. The surge of delta variants led to an increase of infections and cases even in populations which achieved high vaccine coverage. This efficacy decline resulted to a lesser extent from a weaker neutralization of the delta variant but mostly from a waning vaccine protection over time. Data from Israel documented the efficacy of a third ‘booster’ injection 5 months after the second injection in older segments of the population. Adverse reactions consisted of transient injection site pain, headache, muscle pain, fatigue, fever and chills. Extensive surveillance studies documented a good safety profile revealing only a non‐significant increase in transient facial nerve paralysis and a significant, but modest increase in myocarditis in vaccinated young males that was lower than the myocarditis risk induced by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Does variability in automated perfusion software outputs for acute ischemic stroke matter? Reanalysis of EXTEND perfusion imaging
Authors: Bivard Andrew , Churilov Leonid , Ma Henry , Levi Christopher , Campbell Bruce , Yassi Nawaf , Meretoja Atte , Zhao Henry , Sharma Gagan , Chen Chushuang , Davis Stephen , Donnan Geoffrey , Yan Bernard , Parsons Mark ,   the EXTEND investigators
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsWe reprocessed the Extending the time for Thrombolysis in Emergency Neurological Deficits (EXTEND) perfusion imaging with a different automated software with the aim of comparing mismatch eligibility and outcomes.MethodsEXTEND baseline perfusion imaging data were reprocessed using autoMIStar software to identify patients who were eligible based on the same target mismatch criteria as per the original trial.ResultsFrom the 225 patients fulfilling RAPID‐based mismatch criteria randomized in the EXTEND study, 196 (87%) patients met the revised mismatch criteria. Most common reasons for not meeting revised criteria were core >70 ml (n = 9), and no perfusion lesion/lack of penumbral tissue (n = 20). The revised perfusion lesion volumes were significantly smaller compared to the original RAPID volumes (median 68 ml IQR 34–102 ml vs. 42 ml 16–92 ml, p = 0.036). Of the patients who met the revised mismatch criteria, 40% receiving alteplase had modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–1 at 3‐month compared to 28% with placebo (Adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.23, CI 1.08–4.58, p = 0.028). In contrast, in the original mismatch cohort, 35% receiving alteplase had mRS 0–1 at 3‐month compared to 30% with placebo (adjusted OR = 1.88, p = 0.056).ConclusionsThese data reinforce the benefit of alteplase in the later time window, and suggest that differences in automated perfusion imaging software outputs may be clinically relevant.
Molecular analyses revealed three morphologically similar species of non‐native apple snails and their patterns of distribution in freshwater wetlands of Hong Kong
Authors: Yang Qian‐Qian , Ip Jack Chi‐Ho , Zhao Xing‐Xing , Li Jia‐Nan , Jin Yu‐Jie , Yu Xiao‐Ping , Qiu Jian‐Wen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimEffective control of invasive species and conservation of native biodiversity requires accurate species identification. Several species of apple snails (Ampullariidae: Pomacea) from South America have become widespread pests in Asia since their introduction in the early 1980s, but their taxonomic uncertainty has hindered our understanding of the invasive processes. We aim to determine the identity and distribution of Pomacea species in Hong Kong, which has been known as a stepping stone of species invasion.LocationHong Kong.MethodsWe collected 162 apple snails from five freshwater wetlands of Hong Kong, sequenced the mitochondrial COI, genotyped the nuclear EF1α and built a COI dataset of 1378 sequences of apple snails from mainland China, Malaysia, Argentina and Brazil. We identified the species, determine the introgression pattern and analysed their population structures.ResultsWe found the co‐occurrence of P. canaliculata, P. maculata and P. occulta in Hong Kong for the first time. Pomacea canaliculata represented the dominant species (85% of collected specimens). The three Pomacea species from Hong Kong had low genetic diversity. High genetic similarity existed between P. canaliculata populations of Hong Kong and Malaysia, P. occulta populations of Hong Kong and mainland China and P. maculata populations of mainland China and Malaysia. Our samples contained a high proportion of hybrids.Main conclusionsApple snails may have been introduced into Hong Kong multiple times: both P. canaliculata and P. occulta likely came from Argentina; P. maculata came from both Argentina and Brazil. Genetic drift largely explains the differentiation of Pomacea spp. among regions. Introgressive hybridization may have contributed to population fitness by increasing genetic variation to neutralize the founder effect. The knowledge on species identity, distribution and genetic diversity of apple snails from this study will contribute to better understanding their invasive mechanisms and prevention of their continued spread in Asia.
An investigation of the nonlinear creep damage accumulation of different materials: Application of a novel damage model
Authors: Zhao Xu , Niu Xuming , Song Yingdong , Sun Zhigang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractVariable creep load is one of the most important failure modes for the hot components in aero‐engines. To accurately predict creep damage and remaining life, a novel nonlinear creep damage accumulation model was proposed based on the Wilshire equation and isodamage line, which takes the influence of load history into account and uses ultimate tensile strength to compensate the temperature effect. Two‐step loading experimental results of GH4169, X8CrNiMoNb‐16‐16, Al‐99.98, and Sn‐3.5Ag‐0.5Cu were utilized to verify the accuracy of the proposed model and to compare it with the existing models (i.e., Pavlou, Batsoulas, Hu, and time fraction models). It was determined that the novel model was better at predicting damage accumulation than all others model. Furthermore, two cases of damage evolution process exist for different materials under the same variable loading conditions.
Searching for the causes of decline in the Dutch population of European Turtle Doves (Streptopelia turtur)
Authors: de Vries E. H. J. (Lisenka) , Foppen Ruud P. B. , van der Jeugd Henk , Jongejans Eelke 
Published: November 2021

European Turtle Doves Streptopelia turtur have experienced a sharp decline in population numbers over past decades. Much uncertainty exists about the main cause or causes. Several pressures have been suggested, but because they affect different stages of the life cycle of the Turtle Dove, it is difficult to compare their contributions to the population decline. Here we applied a full life cycle approach to study how different pressures may have resulted in the decline. This was achieved by combining a review of existing literature on possible threats, pressures and the vital rates they concerned, with the analysis of an age‐structured matrix model. The population model was parameterized using estimates from a mark–recapture analysis and supplemented with vital rate estimates from the literature. Comparison with a Life Table Response Experiment (LTRE) was used to determine whether the Turtle Dove literature focuses on those vital rates in which the most important changes have taken place over time. The population model projected a similar decline to that observed in population counts. The LTRE analysis showed that declines in the number of clutches (halved since the 1960s) and in juvenile survival (relative annual rate of change of –1.33% since the 1950s) contributed most to the decline in the projected population growth rate. Although these vital rates are often reported as possible causes of population decline, the reviewed studies often focused on specific reproductive stages, such as egg survival or nestling survival, which did not show a large temporal change. Thus, there is a partial mismatch between our modelling results and the focus in the literature. Juvenile survival is thought to be affected by hunting, degradation of wintering habitat and infection with Trichomonas gallinae, and loss of foraging habitat seems to affect the number of clutches. The focus of conservation measures should therefore be on these threats and pressures. The first steps have already been taken with the completion of the international single species action plan for the conservation of the Turtle Dove and the implementation of the first conservation measures on the breeding grounds.
Normothermic machine perfusion attenuates hepatic ischaemia‐reperfusion injury by inhibiting CIRP‐mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial fission
Authors: Liu Wenyan , Fan Yang , Ding Hongfan , Han Dan , Yan Yang , Wu Rongqian , Lv Yi , Zheng Xinglong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractExtracellular cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (CIRP) is a proinflammatory mediator that aggravates ischaemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI). Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) could effectively alleviate the IRI of the liver, but the underlying mechanism remains to be explored. We show that human DCD livers secreted a large amount of CIRP during static cold storage (CS), which is released into the circulation after reperfusion. The expression of CIRP was related to postoperative IL‐6 levels and liver function. In a rat model, the CIRP expression was upregulated during warm ischaemia and cold storage. Then, rat DCD livers were preserved using CS, hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) and NMP. C23, a CIRP inhibitor, was administrated in the HOPE group. Compared with CS, NMP significantly inhibited CIRP expression and decreased oxidative stress by downregulating NADPH oxidase and upregulating UCP2. NMP markedly inhibited the mitochondrial fission‐related proteins Drp‐1 and Fis‐1. Further, NMP increased the mitochondrial biogenesis‐related protein, TFAM. NMP significantly reduced inflammatory reactions and apoptosis after reperfusion, and NMP‐preserved liver tissue had higher bile secretion and ICG metabolism compared to the CS group. Moreover, C23 administration attenuated IRI in the HOPE group. Additionally, HL‐7702 cells were stimulated with rhCIRP and C23. High rhCIRP levels increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. In summary, NMP attenuates the IRI of DCD liver by inhibiting CIRP‐mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial fission.
Improving and maintaining healthy lifestyles are associated with a lower risk of diabetes: A large cohort study
Authors: Kuwahara Keisuke , Yamamoto Shuichiro , Honda Toru , Nakagawa Tohru , Ishikawa Hirono , Hayashi Takeshi , Mizoue Tetsuya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsIt is well known that healthy lifestyles measured at one time‐point are inversely associated with diabetes risk. The impact of transitions in combined lifestyles in real settings remains unknown.Materials and MethodsThe trajectory patterns of combined lifestyles over three years were identified using group‐based trajectory modeling in 26,647 adults in Japan. Two types of indices (not having the unhealthy lifestyle [easy goal] and having healthiest lifestyles [challenging goal]) were developed using five lifestyle factors: smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, sleep duration, and body weight control. This index was calculated using the yearly total score (0–5; higher score indicated healthier lifestyles). Diabetes was defined by high plasma glucose level, high hemoglobin A1c level, and self‐report.ResultsFive trajectory patterns were identified for each index and it was shown that healthier patterns are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes during 6.6 years of average follow‐up. For example, with a challenging‐goal, compared with a persistently very unhealthy pattern, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.65 (0.59, 0.73), 0.50 (0.39, 0.64), 0.43 (0.38, 0.48), and 0.33 (0.27, 0.41) for ‘persistently unhealthy’, ‘improved from unhealthy to moderately healthy’, ‘persistently moderately healthy’, and ‘persistently mostly healthy’ patterns, respectively.ConclusionsOur data reinforce the importance of improving and maintaining health‐related lifestyles to prevent diabetes.
Clinical features, diagnosis and treatment outcome of fungal endocarditis: A systematic review of reported cases
Authors: Meena Durga Shankar , Kumar Deepak , Agarwal Madhulata , Bohra Gopal Krishana , Choudhary Rahul , Samantaray Subhashree , Sharma Shivang , Midha Naresh , Garg Mahendra Kumar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe landscape of fungal endocarditis (FE) has constantly been evolving in the last few decades. Despite the advancement in diagnostic methods and the introduction of newer antifungals, mortality remains high in FE. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in patients with FE. We also aim to examine the aforementioned factors as a determinant of mortality in FE. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, and all patients ≥18 years with proven fungal endocarditis were included. A total of 220 articles (250 patients) were included in the final analysis. Candida was the commonest aetiology (49.6%), followed by Aspergillus (30%) and Scedosporium species (3.2%). The proportion of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) and intravenous drug users was 35.2% and 16%, respectively. The overall mortality rate was 40%. On multivariate analysis, Aspergillus endocarditis (HR 3.7, 95% CI 1.4‐9.7; p = .009) and immunocompromised state (HR 2.8, 95% CI 1.24‐6.3; p = .013) were independently associated with mortality. Patients treated with surgery along antifungals had better survival (HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.09‐0.42; p < .001) compared to those treated with antifungals alone. Recurrence of FE was reported in 10.4% of patients. In conclusion, FE carries significant mortality, particularly in immunodeficient and Aspergillus endocarditis. We advocate the use of surgery combined with antifungals to improve clinical outcomes.
Rapid improvement of skin lesions in CHILD syndrome with topical 5% simvastatin ointment
Authors: Kallis Penelope , Bisbee Elizabeth , Garganta Cheryl , Schoch Jennifer J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCongenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects (CHILD) syndrome is a rare X‐linked dominant disorder of cholesterol synthesis characterized by unilateral ichthyosiform dermatitis with ipsilateral limb hypoplasia. Recently, pathogenesis‐based treatment has demonstrated improvement of skin lesions with statins by decreasing formation of cholesterol intermediates through inhibition of cholesterol synthesis. We report a 10‐month‐old girl who presented with unilateral scaly ptychotropic plaques, who experienced rapid, near‐complete clearance with topical 5% simvastatin monotherapy twice daily.