bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of curry leaves on mercury‐induced hepatorenal toxicity in an animal model
Authors: Ijaz Muhammad , Arshad Asma , Awan Muhammad Ahmad , Tariq Muhammad Rizwan , Ali Shinawar Waseem , Ali Sajid , Shafiq Muhammad , Ahmed Saeed , Sheas Muhammad Naveed , Iftikhar Madiha , Ahmed Sheraz , Nasir Muhammad Adnan , Kausar Ghazala , Javed Ammad ul Islam , Safdar Waseem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHerbal drugs play an imperative role in healthcare programs in developing countries. Curry leaves have wide medicinal importance and are used to treat various diseases traditionally. The current study was carried out to estimate the extent of mercury toxicity and the potential effect of curry leaves against defined toxicity. The study group comprised 24 rats weighing between 130 and150 g. Group 1 was kept normal, and group 2 was exposed to mercury at 0.4 mg/kg of body weight in the form of mercuric chloride (HgCl2). The group 3 animals were treated with curry leaves with a dosage of 300 mg/kg of body weight. Group 4 was treated with curry leaves along with mercury with a dosage of 300 and 0.4 mg/kg consecutively. After 28 days, the rats were killed. Blood sample of all groups were evaluated separately to determine the results of different parameters. The results show that ALP, AST, ALT, urea, bilirubin, and creatinine increased with mercury application and decreased with curry leaf exposure. SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR of the liver as well as the kidney depleted on mercury exposure whereas they increased with curry leaf application. HDL increased with curry leaf application and decreased with mercury treatment, while LDL, triglyceride, and cholesterol decreased with curry leaves and increased with mercury exposure. Organ index in mercury along with curry leaf application got close to normal.
Astrocyte control of the entorhinal cortex‐dentate gyrus circuit: Relevance to cognitive processing and impairment in pathology
Authors: Di Castro Maria Amalia , Volterra Andrea 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe entorhinal cortex‐dentate gyrus circuit is centrally involved in memory processing conveying to the hippocampus spatial and nonspatial context information via, respectively, medial and lateral perforant path (MPP and LPP) excitatory projections onto dentate granule cells (GCs). Here, we review work of several years from our group showing that astrocytes sense local synaptic transmission and exert in turn a presynaptic control at PP‐GC synapses. Modulation of neurotransmitter release probability by astrocytes sets basal synaptic strength and dynamic range for long‐term potentiation of PP‐GC synapses. Intriguingly, this astrocyte control is circuit‐specific, being present only at MPP‐GC (not LPP‐GC) synapses, which selectively express atypical presynaptic N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDAR) suitable to activation by astrocyte‐released glutamate. Moreover, the astrocytic control is peculiarly dependent on the cytokine TNFα, which at constitutive levels acts as a gating factor for the astrocyte signaling. During inflammation/infection processes, increased levels of TNFα lead to uncontrolled astrocyte glutamate release, altered PP‐GC circuit processing and, ultimately, impaired contextual memory performance. The TNFα‐dependent pathological switch of the synaptic control from astrocytes and its deleterious consequences are observed in animal models of HIV brain infection and multiple sclerosis, conditions both known to cause cognitive disturbances in up to 50% of patients. The review also discusses open issues related to the identified astrocytic pathway: its role in contextual memory processing, potential damaging role in Alzheimer's disease, the existence of vesicular glutamate release from DG astrocytes, and the possible synaptic‐like connectivity between astrocytic output sites and PP receptive sites.
Deliberative Public Consultation via Deliberative Polling:Criteria and Methods
Authors: Fishkin James S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article poses the problem of public consultation on contested policies involving new technologies and competing values or value‐laden goals. It argues that Deliberative Polling, an approach developed by the author, can be usefully employed to engage representative samples to deliberate in depth in controlled experiments so as to yield a picture of the public's considered judgments. It also argues from recent experience that such consultations can be cost effectively conducted online with stratified random samples. It draws on examples from various issue domains including climate and energy as well as prototype deliberations conducted on gene editing in the wild. It sets out criteria that Deliberative Polling, as well as other designs, should satisfy if policy recommendations based on the data generated by these public consultations are to be credible.
Dopamine depletion and subcortical dysfunction disrupt cortical synchronization and metastability affecting cognitive function in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Wang Linbo , Zhou Cheng , Cheng Wei , Rolls Edmund T. , Huang Peiyu , Ma Ningning , Liu Yuchen , Zhang Yajuan , Guan Xiaojun , Guo Tao , Wu Jingjing , Gao Ting , Xuan Min , Gu Quanquan , Xu Xiaojun , Zhang Baorong , Gong Weikang , Du Jingnan , Zhang Wei , Feng Jianfeng , Zhang Minming 
Published: December 2021

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is primarily characterized by the loss of dopaminergic cells and atrophy in subcortical regions. However, the impact of these pathological changes on large‐scale dynamic integration and segregation of the cortex are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of subcortical dysfunction on cortical dynamics and cognition in PD. Spatiotemporal dynamics of the phase interactions of resting‐state blood‐oxygen‐level‐dependent signals in 159 PD patients and 152 normal control (NC) individuals were estimated. The relationships between subcortical atrophy, subcortical–cortical fiber connectivity impairment, cortical synchronization/metastability, and cognitive performance were then assessed. We found that cortical synchronization and metastability in PD patients were significantly decreased. To examine whether this is an effect of dopamine depletion, we investigated 45 PD patients both ON and OFF dopamine replacement therapy, and found that cortical synchronization and metastability are significantly increased in the ON state. The extent of cortical synchronization and metastability in the OFF state reflected cognitive performance and mediates the difference in cognitive performance between the PD and NC groups. Furthermore, both the thalamic volume and thalamocortical fiber connectivity had positive relationships with cortical synchronization and metastability in the dopaminergic OFF state, and mediate the difference in cortical synchronization between the PD and NC groups. In addition, thalamic volume also reflected cognitive performance, and cortical synchronization/metastability mediated the relationship between thalamic volume and cognitive performance in PD patients. Together, these results highlight that subcortical dysfunction and reduced dopamine levels are responsible for decreased cortical synchronization and metastability, further affecting cognitive performance in PD. This might lead to biomarkers being identified that can predict if a patient is at risk of developing dementia.
Oral magnesium supplements for cancer treatment‐induced hypomagnesemia: Results from a pilot randomized trial
Authors: Awan Arif , Basulaiman Bassam , Stober Carol , Clemons Mark , Fergusson Dean , Hilton John , Al Ghareeb Waleed , Goodwin Rachel , Ibrahim Mohammed , Hutton Brian , Vandermeer Lisa , Mallick Ranjeeta , Vickers Michael M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsOptimal management of cancer treatment‐induced hypomagnesemia (hMg) is not known. We assessed the feasibility of using a novel pragmatic clinical trials model to compare two commonly used oral Mg replacement strategies.MethodsPatients with grade 1 to 3 hMg while receiving either platinum‐based chemotherapy or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRI) were randomized to oral magnesium oxide (MgOx) or oral magnesium citrate (MgCit). The trial methodology utilized the integrated consent model. Feasibility would be successful if; accrual rate was ≥5 patients a month and if measures of patient and physician engagement, were > 50%. Secondary endpoints included; comparison of Mg levels, cardiac arrhythmias, and rates of treatment delay/hospitalizations.ResultsFrom July 2016 to December 2017, an average of 1 patient a month was accrued. All 15 eligible and approached patients consented to participate in the study (100% engagement) and 7/15 were randomized to MgOx and 8/15 to MgCit. The percentage of physicians who approached patients for the study was 4 of 6 (66.6% engagement). The mean slope of change in Mg (mmol/L/day) was 0.0022 (95% CI: −0.0001 to 0.0044) for MgOx and 0.0006 (95% CI, −0.0012 to 0.0024) for MgCit (P = .2123). Three patients (20%) required IV magnesium while on the study (2 MgCit and 1 MgOx). Grade 1 diarrhea occurred in 3 patients in the MgCit arm.ConclusionDespite oral magnesium tolerability and meeting most of its feasibility endpoints, this study did not meet its target accrual rate. Alternative designs would be necessary for a definitive efficacy study.
Parameterization of a Brazilian scenario in the USEPA Pesticide in Water Calculator tool to estimate the environmental exposure of pesticide in surface waters
Authors: De Oliveira Kaminski Thamires Sá , Vieira Eliane 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The current pesticide registration process in Brazil is mainly hazard-based and does not consider exposure and therefore risk. However, the scenario prompted changes and discussions about risk assessments by Brazilian environmental regulatory agencies. The US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Pesticide in Water Calculator (PWC) model is used as a regulatory tool for aquatic exposure assessment in Canada and the USA for exposure evaluation of agrochemical products; nevertheless, the available scenarios only consider North American local conditions. This work aims to demonstrate a parametrization of the PWC model for a Brazilian scenario, considering the active ingredient glyphosate and sugarcane agronomic practices. The estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) obtained were compared with two standard EPA scenarios. Essential parameter data to build a specific local scenario were collected from the literature and official Brazilian databases. The EECs (1-in-10 years) of glyphosate according to the conditions established were 1.427 μg L−1 (1st day), 0.382 µg L−1 (21st day), and 0.2027 µg L−1 (60th day). These values can be used as exposure elements in acute and chronic risk assessments considering the agricultural practices used in the developed scenario. A 4.45-fold and 1.28-fold difference was found comparing the 1-day (1-in-10 years) average concentration of the Brazilian scenario with two EPA standard scenarios. Such a difference may affect the outcome of risk assessments, affecting regulatory decisions. This demonstrates the importance of generating more realistic scenarios for Brazil, yielding surface water EECs that consider local conditions. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1387–1398. © 2021 SETAC
KEY POINTS
Estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) generated by standard EPA-PWC scenarios can differ greatly from the ones when local conditions are considered and such difference may affect the outcome of the risk assessment, and regulatory decisions. Developing local PWC scenarios, instead of developing a new exposure calculator is a more straightforward approach since it is possible build on a previously regulatory approved and validated tool. It is feasible for local regulatory, industry and academic scientific groups to build PWC local scenarios from the selection of specific local data—such as meteorological information, soil characteristics, runoff parameters—to be used as an exposure element in risk assessments. Considering that Brazil has continental extensions with different climates, soils, and representative crops, the development of local scenarios for representative regions is crucial to obtain more realistic EECs addressing aquatic risk assessments appropriately.
The relationship between COVID‐19 viral load and disease severity: A systematic review
Authors: Dadras Omid , Afsahi Amir M. , Pashaei Zahra , Mojdeganlou Hengameh , Karimi Amirali , Habibi Pedram , Barzegary Alireza , Fakhfouri Amirata , Mirzapour Pegah , Janfaza Nazanin , Dehghani Soheil , Afroughi Fatemeh , Dashti Mohsen , Khodaei Sepideh , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Voltarelli Fabricio , Sabatier Jean‐Marc , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionPatients with COVID‐19 may present different viral loads levels. However, the relationship between viral load and disease severity in COVID‐19 is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and COVID‐19 severity.MethodsThe relevant studies using the keywords of “COVID‐19” and “viral load” were searched in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. A two‐step title/abstract screening process was carried out and the eligible studies were included in the study.ResultsThirty‐four studies were included from the initial 1015 records. The vast majority of studies have utilized real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction of the nasopharyngeal/respiratory swabs to report viral load. Viral loads were commonly reported either as cycle threshold (Ct) or log10 RNA copies/ml.ConclusionThe results were inconclusive about the relationship between COVID‐19 severity and viral load, as a similar number of studies either approved or opposed this hypothesis. However, the studies denote the direct relationship between older age and higher SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load, which is a known risk factor for COVID‐19 mortality. The higher viral load in older patients may serve as a mechanism for any possible relationships between COVID‐19 viral load and disease severity. There was a positive correlation between SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load and its transmissibility. Nonetheless, further studies are recommended to precisely characterize this matter.
Aqueous Zn‐based rechargeable batteries: Recent progress and future perspectives
Authors: Wu Mingjie , Zhang Gaixia , Yang Huaming , Liu Xianhu , Dubois Marc , Gauthier Marc A. , Sun Shuhui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBenefiting from the advantageous features of high safety, abundant reserves, low cost, and high energy density, aqueous Zn‐based rechargeable batteries (AZBs) have received extensive attention as promising candidates for energy storage. To achieve high‐performance AZBs with high reversibility and energy density, great efforts have been devoted to overcoming their drawbacks by focusing on the modification of electrode materials and electrolytes. Based on different cathode materials and aqueous electrolytes, the development of aqueous AZBs with different redox mechanisms are discussed in this review, including insertion/extraction chemistries (e.g., Zn2+, alkali metal ion, H+, NH4+, and so forth) dissolution/deposition reactions (e.g., MnO2/Mn2+), redox couples in flow batteries (e.g., I3−/3I−, Br2/Br−, and so forth), oxygen electrochemistry (e.g., O2/OH−, O2/O22−), and carbon dioxide electrochemistry (e.g., CO2/CO, CO2/HCOOH). In particular, the basic reaction mechanisms, issues with the Zn electrode, aqueous electrolytes, and cathode materials as well as their design strategies are systematically reviewed. Finally, the remaining challenges faced by AZBs are summarized, and perspectives for further investigations are proposed.
Lotus root and osteons‐inspired channel structural scaffold mediate cell biomineralization and vascularized bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Li Limei , Li Jidong , Zou Qin , Zuo Yi , Lin Lili , Cai Bin , Li Yubao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe interconnectivity of porous scaffold is vital for cell and tissue infiltration, and vascular networks formation, determining the successful bone regeneration in large bone defects. Here, inspired by the lotus‐root and Haversian system of natural bone, a nano‐hydroxyapatite/polyurethane (n‐HA/PU) lotus root‐like scaffold inlaid with micro holes on the wall of the adjacent channel was utilized to mediate cell biomineralization and vascularized bone tissue regeneration. Such a particular lotus‐type structure remarkably promoted cells to proliferate and infiltrate into the center of the entire scaffold, serving as a clue to account for regulating cell alignment and differentiation physically. In vitro studies suggested that apatite accumulated dramatically on the channel wall in the lotus‐type scaffold, probably promoting specific osteogenic differentiation of cells by the orientated channels, even in the absence of osteogenic factors. In vivo creation of critical bone defects (15‐mm segments) was done in the radius of rabbits and implanted with the scaffold of different geometry to assess the structural parameters on the efficacy of new bone regeneration. The more extensive positive staining of BMP‐2, more considerable amount of infiltrated capillary, more robust new bone formation, particularly the biomechanical strength of lotus‐type scaffold group could reach the level of the control group without surgery, indicating that the lotus‐type scaffold was more favorable for new bone tissue formation along tube‐like channels. These results highlighted the potential of this biomimetic scaffold for cell and tissue infiltration and thus repair large bony defects.
Ethical guidelines for publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle: update 2021
Authors: von Haehling Stephan , Coats Andrew J.S. , Anker Stefan D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM) aims to publish articles with relevance to wasting disorders and illnesses of the muscle in the broadest sense. In order to avoid publication of inappropriate articles and to avoid protracted disputes, the Editors have established ethical guidelines that detail a number of regulations to be fulfilled prior to submission to the journal. This article updates the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in JCSM and its two daughter journals JCSM Rapid Communication and JCSM Clinical Reports. We require the corresponding author, on behalf of all co‐authors, to certify adherence to the following principles:

All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) approve publication in the journal;
Each named author has made a material and independent contribution to the work submitted for publication;
No person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript;
The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor that it has been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form;
All authors certify that the submitted work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before the facts need to be acknowledged and these other publications must be referenced;
All original research work has been approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees;
All relevant conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding of the research in question have been duly declared in the manuscript;
All authors certify that they will submit the original source data to the editorial office upon request;
The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of the journal as a valid publication only as long as all statements in these guidelines remain true;
If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify as soon as possible the Editor‐in‐Chief of the journal, so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
Silencing of circDPP4 suppresses cell progression of human prostate cancer and enhances docetaxel cytotoxicity through regulating the miR‐564/ZIC2 axis
Authors: Gu Hao , Duan Zhongqi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNA derived from dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (circDPP4; ID: hsa_circ_0056881) is one of the top increased circRNAs in prostate cancer (PC) and docetaxel (DTX)‐based chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic choice for PC. However, its repertoire in PC development and chemoresistance remains to be documented.MethodsExpression of circDPP4, microRNA (miR)‐564, and zinc finger of the cerebellum 2 (ZIC2) was detected by a real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting; the direct interaction was validated by an RNA pull‐down assay, a dual‐luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation. Cell progression was measured by a cell‐counting kit‐8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, a transwell assay, a xenograft experiment, and immunohistochemistry. DTX cytotoxicity was confirmed by the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay.ResultsExpression of circDPP4 is upregulated in PC tumors from 60 patients and PC cell lines, and a higher circDPP4 might predict poor overall survival. Decreasing circDPP4 suppresses cell proliferation, colony formation, migration/invasion, and 50% inhibitory concentration of DTX in PC cells, and promotes the apoptosis rate. Both overexpressing miR‐564 and inhibiting ZIC2 could imitate those effects, whereas inhibiting miR‐564 and restoring ZIC2 could separately counteract them. Mechanistically, circDPP4 functions as a miR‐564 sponge and regulates the expression of ZIC2, a target gene for miR‐564. Tumor growth is retarded by silencing circDPP4, accompanied by elevated miR‐564 and attenuated Ki‐67 and ZIC2.ConclusionsBlocking circDPP4 antagonizes cell progression of PC and contributes to in vitro DTX cytotoxicity via regulating the miR‐564/ZIC2 axis, at least. The present study suggests that circDPP4 is a potential biomarker and target for PC.
Transient left ventricular dysfunction following chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell‐mediated encephalopathy: A form of stress cardiomyopathy
Authors: Khorasanchi Adam , Ansari Amir M. , Bottinor Wendy , Simmons Gary , Abbate Antonio , Toor Amir A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy represents a new strategy in treating lymphoid malignancies, such as relapsed‐refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Several toxicities including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and cardiovascular toxicity have been linked to CAR T‐cell therapy. Transient impairment in left ventricular systolic function is described after CAR‐T, however, the mechanism remains poorly understood. This paper reports the clinical presentation and outcome of two patients with relapsed‐refractory DLBCL who experienced encephalopathy and CRS following CAR T‐cell therapy and developed transient left ventricular dysfunction consistent with stress cardiomyopathy.