bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovations in care for children separated from parents: Transitioning from residential to family models of service
Authors: Wilke Nicole G. , Howard Amanda Hiles 
Published: July 2021

AbstractResearch suggests that children develop best in families, but millions currently reside in residential care centers. Many residential care centers have transitioned their programmes from a to a family care model. Using a mixed methods design, the current study examined (1) antecedents to transition, (2) key elements in the process and (3) outcomes of transitioning models of care. Participants included 39 non‐government organizations that had fully or partially transitioned to family care. Programmes collectively served 12 325 children and 29 499 families in 22 countries annually. Data revealed programmes perceived the change in the model was better for the families and children served.
IL‐25R+ circulating fibrocytes are increased in asthma and correlate with fixed airflow limitation
Authors: Yao Xiujuan , Liu Xiaofang , Wang Xiangdong , Zhang Luo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionInterleukin (IL)‐25 is a T helper (Th) type‐2 cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. Fibrocytes are progenitor cells that can migrate into circulation and inflamed bronchial epithelium.ObjectivesWe aim to test the hypothesis that circulating fibrocytes may be the novel cellular targets of IL‐25 and the recruitment of IL‐25R+ circulating fibrocytes may correlate with asthmatic airway obstruction.MethodsBy using flow cytometry analysis, IL‐25R+ fibrocytes (i.e., IL‐17RB+ fibrocytes) in the freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 15 control subjects and 35 patients with asthma were enumerated and compared. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the plasma levels of IL‐25.ResultsWe found the percentage of total and IL‐25R+ (IL‐17RB+) fibrocytes in PBMCs was significantly increased in patients with asthma when compared with control subjects. Subgroup analysis further showed that the percentage of circulating total and IL‐25R+ fibrocytes in PBMCs was markedly increased in asthma patients with severe‐to‐very severe fixed airflow limitation. Furthermore, IL‐25R+ circulating fibrocytes in asthma patients were shown to significantly correlate with forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), FEV1% predicted, blood eosinophils, serum IgE and plasma IL‐25 levels.ConclusionWe concluded that circulating fibrocytes are the novel potential cellular targets of IL‐25. IL‐25R+ fibrocytes are increased in asthma patients. Increased proportions of IL‐25R+ fibrocytes predict a distinct asthma phenotype with fixed airflow limitation. Biological therapy‐targeting IL‐25‐fibrocytes axis may offer great promise for the control of asthma patients with severe airway remodelling and obstruction.
The shifting society syndrome: Values, baselines, and Swedish forest conservation in the 1930s and 2010s
Authors: Jönsson Jimmy , Mårald Erland , Lundmark Tomas 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study addresses a response to shifting baseline syndrome (SBS), a syndrome implying that land managers' acceptance of environmental change declines gradually due to lack of historical knowledge. Some actions to counteract SBS are haunted by methodological problems associated with measuring natural states and ignoring societal effects on ideas of naturalness. To balance methodological discussions of SBS, this study analyzes the social contexts of baseline demarcations historically. It compares baselines in two Swedish forest conservation debates—about the Fiby forest in the 1930s and the Ojnare forest in the 2010s—focusing on scalable and unscalable values. To operationalize shifting societal criteria for baseline demarcations, we introduce the “shifting society syndrome” concept. The study identifies several societal shifts and shows that Fiby's baseline was shaped by the scalable value of age and the nonscalable values of uniqueness and Swedishness, and Ojnare's by the scalable value of biodiversity and the nonscalable values of uniqueness and wildness. We argue that values, scalability, and historical change are crucial variables in the practice of demarcating baselines and that intellectual history is a useful tool for methodological self‐reflection in SBS research.
Beyond the Museum: Leadership Experiences from VR Production Studios
Authors: Wang Cancan , Nino Carreras Barbara 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs digital technologies evolve at an exponential speed, the digital art scene has become ever more vivid in the past decades, with various forms of collaboration emerging between art museums, artists, curators, and audiences. While these collaborations are celebrated for their potential mutual benefits, such as knowledge exchange and the legitimizing effects on artworks, art museums struggle to maintain their relevance, and for this reason museum leadership has been deemed of critical importance. Historically, museum leadership has steered art museums through paradigm shifts using two approaches, namely, individual and relational. Nonetheless, the motivations for choosing these leadership approaches and their effects on guiding art museums into digital art remain unknown. In this study, we explore leadership approaches that contribute to museum‐studio collaboration on the creative output of digital art by tracing one of the enabling actors: creative studios. We choose this focus to understand how studios carry out the production and distribution of digital art in a collaborative setup. Through short ethnographic studies of two Copenhagen‐based VR art creative studios: Khora Contemporary and MAKROPOL, we argue that the choice of leadership approach in VR art production and distribution is contingently motivated by either market or knowledge‐oriented views of digital art. Consequently, contemporary art museums have the potential to become platforms that carefully negotiate ethical and contextual implications in leading digital art projects at the intersection of market and knowledge‐driven agendas.
Recognition, second‐personal authority, and nonideal theory
Authors: Darwall Stephen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractI consider the relation between the role recognition plays in Axel Honneth's social theory and its function in a fundamentally second‐personal normative moral and political theory. I argue, first, that Honneth's social explanatory claims need not strictly depend on any normative propositions of moral and political philosophy. It may be sufficient for Honneth's explanatory purposes that the attitudes through which his explanations run have normative content, even fundamentally second‐personal normative content. And that can be true whether or not the propositions having this content hold as matters of normative moral and political theory. Even so, second‐personal moral philosophy may be able to vindicate these normative propositions. Perhaps more important, however, is the way in which second‐personal moral philosophy can draw on Honnethian recognitional social theory to provide a distinctive approach to nonideal moral and political theory. I argue that nonideal theory should be viewed as a distinctively second‐personal form of theorizing that aims to hold its addressees accountable for injustices that consist in failures adequately to recognize our equal second‐personal authority as persons.
Headache as an acute and post‐COVID‐19 symptom in COVID‐19 survivors: A meta‐analysis of the current literature
Authors: Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas César , Navarro‐Santana Marcos , Gómez‐Mayordomo Víctor , Cuadrado María L. , García‐Azorín David , Arendt‐Nielsen Lars , Plaza‐Manzano Gustavo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHeadache is identified as a common post‐COVID sequela experienced by COVID‐19 survivors. The aim of this pooled analysis was to synthesize the prevalence of post‐COVID headache in hospitalized and non‐hospitalized patients recovering from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.MethodsMEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, as well as medRxiv and bioRxiv preprint servers, were searched up to 31 May 2021. Studies or preprints providing data on post‐COVID headache were included. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Random effects models were used for meta‐analytical pooled prevalence of post‐COVID headache. Data synthesis was categorized at hospital admission/symptoms' onset, and at 30, 60, 90, and ≥180 days afterwards.ResultsFrom 9573 studies identified, 28 peer‐reviewed studies and 7 preprints were included. The sample was 28,438 COVID‐19 survivors (12,307 females; mean age: 46.6, SD: 17.45 years). The methodological quality was high in 45% of the studies. The overall prevalence of post‐COVID headache was 47.1% (95% CI 35.8–58.6) at onset or hospital admission, 10.2% (95% CI 5.4–18.5) at 30 days, 16.5% (95% CI 5.6–39.7) at 60 days, 10.6% (95% CI 4.7–22.3) at 90 days, and 8.4% (95% CI 4.6–14.8) at ≥180 days after onset/hospital discharge. Headache as a symptom at the acute phase was more prevalent in non‐hospitalized (57.97%) than in hospitalized (31.11%) patients. Time trend analysis showed a decreased prevalence from the acute symptoms’ onset to all post‐COVID follow‐up periods which was maintained afterwards.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis found that the prevalence of post‐COVID headache ranged from 8% to 15% during the first 6 months after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Agrilus dureli: A new threat for European plant health?
Authors: Schrader Gritta , Gent Claire , Hoppe Björn 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith more than 3000 species, the jewel beetle genus Agrilus is considered the largest genus of the animal kingdom. Some of the species have been recognized as harmful to plants, but the majority of the genus remains unassessed. With A. planipennis it was found that, when introduced to a new environment, even (formerly) rare species only known to buprestid specialists can become invasive and cause enormous economic and environmental losses. One of the lesser‐known species is Agrilus dureli, which has recently been found causing an outbreak on Salix species in China, leading to extensive dieback of the infested trees. In this article, the risk of A. dureli to European and Mediterranean plants is assessed.
Plastic gear loss estimates from remote observation of industrial fishing activity
Authors: Kuczenski Brandon , Vargas Poulsen Camila , Gilman Eric L. , Musyl Michael , Geyer Roland , Wilson Jono 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDerelict fishing gear is a highly visible source of marine plastic pollution, causing mortality and ecosystem degradation with uncertain long‐term consequences. The quantity of derelict gear entering the oceans remains unknown because of heterogeneity in fishing gear and effort, as well as inadequate monitoring. Prior studies have been limited in scope to specific fisheries and regions, and large‐scale estimates lack an empirical basis. It is critically important for decision makers to have credible information in order to design effective remediation efforts. We estimated the amount of industrial fishing effort and the associated plastic debris entering the ocean globally each year from lost fishing gear. Using remote observations of fishing vessel activity paired with technical fishing gear models, we generated a bounding estimate for gear operation and loss worldwide in 2018. We estimate that industrial trawl, purse‐seine and pelagic longline fisheries operated 2.1 Mt of plastic gear over 2018 to obtain 49.7 Mt of retained and discarded catch, representing 74% of industrial marine capture globally. The median estimate for plastic gear lost during the use of these gear types was 48.4 kt (95% confidence interval: 28.4–99.5 kt). This estimate excludes abandoned and discarded gear. Improved observation, especially of small‐scale fisheries, is needed to better understand the sources of derelict gear. These findings serve as a benchmark for future monitoring and management efforts to reduce derelict gear in the global ocean.
The more we know, the less we agree: A test of the trading horizon heterogeneity theory
Authors: Dai Lili , Parwada Jerry T. , Winchester Donald W. , Zhang Bohui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe examine the Kondor theoretical explanation of an enduring puzzle: trading volumes and stock return volatility peak after the release of public information. Using a comprehensive data set of institutional holdings and earnings announcements, we find supporting evidence that the proportion of short‐term investors is positively associated with post‐announcement spikes in trading volume and return volatility. This finding survives in the identification test based on the annual reconstitutions of the Russell 1000 and 2000 indices. We show our results largely withstand several alternative explanations related to the constitution of institutional investors, informed trading, and heterogeneous beliefs.
Accumulating herbage during autumn to extend the grazing season in pasture‐based dairy systems
Authors: Fenger Friederike , Casey Imelda A. , Humphreys James 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA longer grazing season can lower the costs of pasture‐based dairy production. Accumulating herbage during autumn increases herbage mass available for grazing in late autumn and the following spring but results in higher pre‐grazing herbage mass (PGHM). This could affect sward nutritive value and milk production. The effects of accumulating herbage during autumn on the length of the grazing season, nutritive value, milk production and the supply of herbage mass in the following spring (opening) were examined at systems scale in this study. The dataset was 60 grazing systems from systems comparisons conducted between 2001 and 2018 with spring‐calving dairy herds (mean stocking rate 2.4 cows ha−1) at Solohead Research Farm, Ireland. Herbage mass accumulated per system was measured as average herbage mass (AHM; herbage mass >4 cm; average of all paddocks). A higher PGHM (1,783 vs. 1,445 kg dry matter [DM] ha−1, p < 0.001, standard error of the mean [SEM] 32.5) and peak AHM (highest AHM; 1,345 vs. 1,139 kg DM ha−1, p = 0.002, SEM 39.2) during late summer and autumn (1 August to end of grazing season [closing]) did not affect herbage nutritive value or milk production (p > 0.05). Each increase in peak AHM of 100 kg DM ha−1 increased days at pasture per cow in late summer and autumn by 2.2 ± 0.44 (p < 0.001, partial R2 = 0.46) and increased closing AHM by 46 ± 6.5 kg DM ha−1 (p < 0.001, partial R2 = 0.42). Opening AHM in February increased with closing AHM (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.41). Accumulating herbage during late summer and autumn facilitated a longer grazing season while not impacting on milk production.
In vitro assessment of the potential for dolutegravir to affect hepatic clearance of levonorgestrel
Authors: Roberts Owain , Kinvig Hannah , Owen Andrew , Lamorde Mohammed , Siccardi Marco , Scarsi Kimberly K. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe World Health Organization recommends that all countries adopt dolutegravir‐based antiretroviral therapy as the preferred regimen for all individuals living with HIV. Levonorgestrel is a commonly used hormonal contraceptive, which undergoes drug–drug interactions with some antiretrovirals, but the potential interaction between dolutegravir and levonorgestrel has not been examined. We aimed to evaluate cytochrome P450 (CYP)‐mediated levonorgestrel metabolism and quantify the effects of dolutegravir on levonorgestrel apparent intrinsic clearance (CLint.app.) and CYP gene expression.MethodsIn vitro CYP‐mediated CLint.app. of levonorgestrel was quantified using a recombinant human CYP (rhCYP) enzyme system. A primary human hepatocyte model of drug metabolism was used to assess the effects of dolutegravir on (1) levonorgestrel CLint.app., using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, and (2) the expression of specific CYP enzymes, using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsLevonorgestrel clearance was mediated by multiple rhCYPs, including rhCYP3A4. Under control conditions, levonorgestrel CLint.app. was 22.4 ± 5.0 μL/min/106 hepatocytes. Incubation with 43.1 nM of unbound dolutegravir elevated levonorgestrel CLint.app. to 31.4 ± 7.8 µL/min/106 hepatocytes (P = 0.168), while 142.23 nM increased levonorgestrel CLint.app. to 37.0 ± 2.9 µL/min/106 hepatocytes (P = 0.012). Unbound dolutegravir ≥ 431 nM induced expression of CYP3A4 (≥ two‐fold) in a dose‐dependent manner, while 1.44 μM of unbound dolutegravir induced CYP2B6 expression 2.2 ± 0.3‐fold (P = 0.0004).ConclusionsIn summary, this in vitro study suggests that dolutegravir has the potential to increase hepatic clearance of levonorgestrel by inducing both CYP3A and non‐CYP3A enzymes. The observed in vitro dolutegravir–levonorgestrel drug–drug interaction should be further examined in clinical studies.
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome‐associated Graves disease in HIV‐infected patients: clinical characteristics and response to radioactive iodine therapy
Authors: Lawal Ismaheel O. , Orunmuyi Akintunde T. , Popoola Gbenga O. , Mokoala Kgomotso M. G. , Lengana TThabo , Sathekge Mike M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and the response to radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome‐associated Graves disease (IRIS‐GD) in comparison to Graves disease (GD) seen in HIV‐uninfected patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated with RAI for GD. We obtained clinical, biochemical and HIV‐related information of patients from their medical records. We compared patient characteristics and response to RAI treatment between patients with IRIS‐GD and GD seen in HIV‐uninfected patients.ResultsA total of 253 GD patients, including 51 patients with IRIS‐GD, were included. Among IRIS‐GD patients, CD4 cell nadir was 66 cells/µL (range: 37–103) with a peak HIV viral load of 60 900 copies/mL (range: 36 542–64 500). At the time of diagnosis of IRIS‐GD, all patients had a completely suppressed HIV viraemia with a CD4 cell count of 729 cells/µL (range: 350–1279). The median interval between the commencement of HIV treatment and the onset of GD was 63 months. At 3 months follow‐up, the proportion of patients with IRIS‐GD achieving a successful RAI treatment outcome (euthyroid/hypothyroid state) was lower than that of HIV‐uninfected patients (35.3% vs. 63.4%, respectively; p < 0.001). The response rate remained lower (60.8%) among patients with IRIS GD than among HIV‐uninfected GD patients (80.2%, p = 0.004) at 6 months follow‐up. After correcting for differences in age, gender and pre‐treatment thyroid‐stimulating hormone level, there was no significant difference in RAI treatment response between the two groups.ConclusionsAfter correcting for possible confounders, the response to RAI treatment was not different between patients with IRIS‐GD and GD in HIV‐uninfected patients.
Efficacy of sonic versus manual toothbrushing after professional mechanical plaque removal: A 6‐month randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mensi Magda , Scotti Eleonora , Sordillo Annamaria , Brognoli Valentina , Dominici Maria Paola , Calza Stefano 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two brushing methods (manual vs. sonic) in terms of plaque control after a session of professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR).MethodsSubjects with gingivitis underwent a session of PMPR and were randomly assigned to sonic (SB) or manual brushing (MB). Oral hygiene instructions were provided at baseline (BL), 2 (T0a), 4 (T0b) and 6 weeks (T1) and 6 months (T2). Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BoP) were measured at BL, T1 and T2. The proportion of sites with PI, GI and BoP was modelled at site level using a negative binomial regression fitted via generalized linear mixed model accounting for intra‐patient correlation.ResultsThirty‐two subjects were selected, 16 assigned to each group and 31 completed the study. PI, BoP and GI were comparable at BL. At T1, PI was successfully maintained at 6.21% for SB and 22.81% for MB, while at T2 reached 11.34% for SB and 28% for MB, favouring the SB group (p < 0.001). GI and BoP were significantly lower in the SB group at T1, with a BoP reduction for SB about 3 times higher than MB (p < 0.001). These parameters then levelled at T2 between the groups, with BOP reaching 0.14% versus 0.05% (p = 0.356) and GI 1.75% versus 3.52% (p = 0.020).ConclusionSonic brushing seemed to maintain a lower PI score compared to a manual brush at 6 months. BoP and GI resulted comparable.
Genetic validation of the unexpected presence of a tropical tuna, bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), in the Mediterranean
Authors: Pérez Bielsa Nuria , Ollé Judith , Macías David , Saber Sámar , Viñas Jordi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus, Lowe, 1839) is one of the eight recognized species of the genus Thunnus. It is considered a tropical species distributed in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. To date, no validated presence of this species has been reported inside the Mediterranean Sea. This study, however, confirms, for the first time, the presence of three young individuals of this species within the Mediterranean Sea.
Exploring the stability of HEXACO‐60 structure and the association of gender, age, and social position with personality traits across 18 countries
Authors: García Luis F. , Aluja Anton , Rossier Jérôme , Ostendorf Fritz , Glicksohn Joseph , Oumar Barry , Bellaj Tarek , Ruch Willibald , Wang Wei , Kövi Zsuzsanna , Ścigała Dawid , Čekrlija Đorđe , Stivers Adam W. , Di Blas Lisa , Valdivia Mauricio , Ben Jemaa Sonia , Atitsogbe Kokou A. , Hansenne Michel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe present paper tests the cross‐national stability of the HEXACO‐60 structure across 18 countries from four continents. Gender and age differences across countries will be examined. Finally, this is the first study to explicitly analyze the relationships between the HEXACO and social position.MethodTen thousand two hundred and ninety eight subjects (5,410 women and 4,888 men) from 18 countries and 13 languages were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analysis techniques were used to test configural, metric and scalar invariance models. Congruence coefficients with the original structure of the HEXACO‐60 were computed for every culture. Effect sizes of gender, age, and social position factors across countries were also computed.ResultsHEXACO‐60 demonstrates configural and metric invariance, but not scalar invariance. Congruence coefficients show a great equivalence in almost all countries and factors. Only Emotionality presents a large gender difference across countries. No relevant effect of age is observed. A profile of high scores on Honesty‐Humility, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience, and low scores on Emotionality increases the likelihood of achieving a higher social position, although the effect sizes are small.ConclusionsHEXACO‐60 is a useful instrument to conduct personality trait research and practice around the world. Implications of gender, social position, and country differences are discussed.