bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on Microstructure, Wave Absorbing Properties and High Temperature Stability for (Mg0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)O High-entropy Ceramics
Authors: Bao Shen , Chen Yongqiang , Hu Fei yue , Wang Xiao han , Fan B.B. , Wang Hailong , Shao Gang , Min Zhiyu , Zhang Rui , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, high entropy (Mg0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)O ceramics were fabricated with three different precursors by conventional sintering method. SEM and XRD analyses revealed the microstructure is related to the precursors while the phase composition is independent with the precursors. Compared with S1 and S2 samples, the S3 samples show well distributed small pores located inside the grain or at the grain boundary. While all the samples exhibit a single rock salt phase. The RL values could reach to -30.5 dB (S3) at 6.8 GHz under the thickness of 4.0 mm, the excellent microwave absorbing properties stem from the bonding interface defects, the micro-pores and many grain boundaries. The (Mg0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)O ceramics keep stable under 1200 oC for S3. The results demonstrate that (Mg0.2Ni0.2Co0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)O ceramics may be a promising candidate for microwave absorption materials at high temperature.
Catalase deficiency facilitates the shuttling of free fatty acid to brown adipose tissue through lipolysis mediated by ROS during sustained fasting
Authors: Dutta Raghbendra Kumar , Lee Joon No , Maharjan Yunash , Park Channy , Choe Seong-Kyu , Ho Ye-Shih , Park Raekil 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Fatty acids (FA) derived from adipose tissue and liver serve as the main fuel in thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Catalase, a peroxisomal enzyme, plays an important role in maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis by decomposing hydrogen peroxide to either water or oxygen that oxidize and provide fuel for cellular metabolism. Although the antioxidant enzymatic activity of catalase is well known, its role in the metabolism and maintenance of energy homeostasis has not yet been revealed. The present study investigated the role of catalase in lipid metabolism and thermogenesis during nutrient deprivation in catalase-knockout (KO) mice.
Results
We found that hepatic triglyceride accumulation in KO mice decreased during sustained fasting due to lipolysis through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in adipocytes. Furthermore, the free FA released from lipolysis were shuttled to BAT through the activation of CD36 and catabolized by lipoprotein lipase in KO mice during sustained fasting. Although the exact mechanism for the activation of the FA receptor enzyme is still unclear, we found that ROS generation in adipocytes mediated the shuttling of FA to BAT.
Conclusions
Taken together, our findings uncover the novel role of catalase in lipid metabolism and thermogenesis in BAT, which may be useful in understanding metabolic dysfunction.
Synergistic interaction of renewable nipagin and eugenol for high performance aromatic copoly(ether ester) materials
Authors: Hu Keling , Sui Huachao , Zhao Dongping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Naturally occurring nipagin and eugenol were used as the collaborative starting materials for poly(ether ester) materials. In this study, two series of nipagin and eugenol-derived copoly(ether ester)s, PHN11-xE1x and PHN11-xE2x (x = 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%), were prepared with renewable 1,6-hexanediol as a comonomer. The nipagin-derived component acts as the renewable surrogate of petroleum-based dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), while the eugenol-derived component acts as the cooperative property modifier of parent homopoly(ether ester) PHN1. 1,6-Hexanediol was chosen as the spacer because of its renewability and short chain to enhance the glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of materials. The molecular weights and chemical structures were confirmed by gel permeation chromatograph (GPC), NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. Thermal and crystalline properties were studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD). The tensile assays were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties. The results suggest that properties of such kind of poly(ether ester)s can be finely tuned by the relative content of two components. Synergistic interaction of two structurally distinctive parts endows the materials with high performance.
The Impact of Highly Paramagnetic Dy3+ Cations On Magnetic and Electrical Behaviour of Nanocrystalline Mnfe2o4
Authors: Baig Mirza Mahmood , Zulfiqar Sonia , Yousuf Muhammad Asif , Touqeer Muhammad , Agboola Philips O , Haider Sajjad , Shakir Imran , Warsi M. F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the detailed study of magnetic properties of Dy3+ substituted soft manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles with varied contents of Dy3+ ions (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.16) was carried out by vibrating sample magnetometery (VSM) at room temperature. The synthesis of reported magnetic materials was carried out via facile wet chemical route. Structural characterization was investigated via X-ray diffraction and infra-red spectroscopy. Exploration of magnetic measurements revealed an irregular behavior in the values of saturation magnetization (Ms), remanent magnetization (Mr), and coercivity (Hc) depending upon the concentration of rare-earth ions (Dy3+). The fluctuations in the values of Ms, Mr, and Hc may be associated with the modifications in the spin-exchange interactions caused by structural changes due to the substitution of rare-earth ions (Dy3+). DC electrical resistivity values were recorded and were found to be increased with increased Dy3+ contents. The soft magnetic nature of Dy3+ substituted MnFe2O4 spinel ferrites nanoparticles suggested their possible utilization in switching mode power supplies, recording media, spintronics, and many other advanced technological devices.
Positive Regional Sea Level Anomalies in Southern Brazil Due to Changes in Austral Atmospheric Circulation
Authors: Schossler Venisse , Aquino Francisco , Simões Jefferson , Reis Pedro , Viana Denilson 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Pressure gradients and winds play an important role in Southern Hemisphere (SH) sea levels, which are currently associated with the positive trend of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). This study investigated regional sea level anomalies (SLAs) in the southern coast Brazil using altimeter data (1993–2019), post-processed by the X-TRACK (CTOH/LEGOS). We observed a negative SLA from 1993 to 2009 and a positive SLA from 2010 to 2019, with upward trends throughout the evaluation period. We analyzed wind stress curl, pressure, and wind fields at sea level (FNMOC and ERA 5, respectively) in addition to sea surface temperature and height anomalies (SSTA/SSHA-OISST) in the South Atlantic Ocean (SAO) for 1993–2009 and 2010–2019. In relation to the first period, the second shows the enhancement in Hadley and Walker cells and trade winds, in addition to greater SSTA and SSHA in SAO. The SAO subtropical gyre and zonal winds at 45°S contribute to the intensification of the western boundary current. A greater pressure gradient between the SAO surface and the southeast of South America is noteworthy. Regionally, the positive SAM brings an increase in sea level to the study area, caused by greater wind stress and variability in heat flows.
Elective Neck Dissection can Improve the Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival of T3cN0M0 Glottic Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Cai Zhimou , Chen Lin , Zhang Jiangwei , Wen Yihui , Lei Wen-bin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
How to treat clinically node-negative (cN0) neck in larynx squamous cell cancer (LSCC) has been subject to considerable discussion. The role of elective neck dissection (END) in patients with T3 glottic squamous cell cancer (GSCC) with cN0 is remain unclear. The objective of this study is to elucidate the role of END in improve the outcome of T3cN0M0 GSCC. Patients with T3cN0M0 GSCC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) from 2004 to 2015 were extracted and stratified into END and Non-END cohorts, we found that only 22–58% T3cN0M0 GSCC were performed with END. After Propensity score matching (PSM), END cohort had better overall survival (OS) (median survival time: 93 vs 40 months, respectively; p < 0.0001) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR 0.40, 95%CI 0.26 to 0.64, p = 0.0012) than non-END cohort. In addition, Subgroup analysis also indicated END cohort had better OS or CSS than non-END cohort.This study demonstrated that in patients with T3cN0M0 GSCC, END significantly associated with better survival outcomes compared with non-END.
Iranians' beliefs about COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hamidzadeh Yousef , Niri Mehdi Vosoughi , Zandian Hamed , Dargahi Abdollah , Nasiri khadijeh , Mohammadi Elahe , Clark Cain C. T. , Aghamohammadi Vahideh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

We sought to investigate people's beliefs, decision dynamics, and future consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods

The present cross-sectional study was conducted from January 10th to April 30th, 2020. The data collection tool was a researcher-made electronic questionnaire that was designed in Porsline.com. The test-retest reliability of the questionnaire was good, and consisted of three sections: introduction, demographic characteristics, and belief questions about COVID-19.
Results

In 17 of the 43 beliefs, more than two-thirds of the subjects chose the "correct belief", and less than one-third chose the "I have no idea" or "I disagree" options. There was a significant correlation between age, gender, education, residential area, occupational status and correct belief about COVID-19.
Conclusions

Accurate knowledge of policymakers, managers, health care workers, and the public, beliefs about COVID-19 is important in promoting community health and disease prevention.
A Mathematic Method to Adjust MLC Leaf End Position for Accuracy Dose Calculation in Carbon Ion Beam Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning System
Authors: Zhang Yan-Shan , Ye Yan-Cheng , Wu Jia-Ming 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
IntroductionWe present a mathematic method to adjust the leaf end position for dose calculation correction in carbon ion radiation therapy treatment planning system. Methods and MaterialsA struggling range algorism of 400 MeV/n carbon ion beam in nine different multi-leaf collimator (MLC) materials was conducted to calculate the dose 50% point in order to derive the offset corrections in carbon ion treatment planning system (ciPlan). The visualized light field edge position in treatment planning system is denoted as Xtang.p and MLC position (Xmlc.p) is defined as the source to leaf end mid-point projection on axis for monitor unit calculation. The virtual source position of an energy at 400 MeV/n and struggling range in MLC at different field sizes were used to calculate the dose 50% position on axis. On-axis MLC offset (correction) could then be obtained from the position corresponding to 50% of the central axis dose minus the Xmlc.p MLC position. ResultsThe precise MLC position in carbon ion treatment planning system can be used an offset to do the correction. The offset correction of pure tungsten is the smallest among the others due to its shortest struggling range of carbon ion beam in MLC. The positions of 50% dose of all MLC materials are always located in between Xtang.p and Xmlc.p under the largest field of 12 cm by 12 cm. ConclusionsMLC offset should be adjusted carefully at different field size in treatment planning system especially of its small penumbra characteristic in carbon ion beam. It is necessary to find out the dose 50% position for adjusting MLC leaf edge on-axis location in the treatment planning system to reduce dose calculation error.
Investigation on the Correlation Between Humanistic Care Ability and Emotional Intelligence of Hospital Staff
Authors: Ma Jingjing , Peng Wentao , Pan Jihong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: There are different degrees of flaws in the knowledge structure of humanistic medicine of medical staff. The level of emotional intelligence of medical staff affects their career development as well as the doctor-patient relationship. Currently, there is a scarcity of relevant literature on the humanistic care ability and emotional intelligence of medical staff at home and abroad. Here, we tried to investigate this aspect of healthcare.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the staff of West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University in April 2020. We used the Caring Ability Inventory (CAI) and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) to conduct this analysis.Results: A total of 3641 questionnaires were distributed, and 769 (21.12%) were recovered. The total average score of the humanistic care ability of hospital staff was (197.77 ± 20.30), which was lower than the international norm. The total average score of emotional intelligence was (84.21±13.48). The CAI score was higher in females than in males; the scores of CAI and WLEIS of the students who choose their own major because of their own interests were higher than those of other reasons; the scores of CAI and WLEIS of those who had received more comprehensive and in-depth humanistic care training were higher than those who had not; the CAI scores of those who had participated in volunteer service activities were higher than those who had not; the WLEIS score of the pediatric staff was higher than that of outpatient and emergency staff, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of emotional intelligence, self-emotion evaluation and expression, self-emotion management, self-emotion application, recognition of other’s emotions, and humanistic care ability of hospital staff were positively correlated (P < 0.001).Conclusion: The development of internal factors of emotional intelligence of hospital staff was unbalanced, and humanistic care ability was at a lower level. Emotional intelligence was positively correlated to humanistic care ability.
Surface And Aloft NO2 Pollution Over The Greater Tokyo Area Observed By Ground-Based And MAX-DOAS Measurements Bridged By Regional Air Quality Modeling
Authors: Itahashi Syuichi , Irie Hitoshi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To advance our understanding of surface and aloft nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution, this study extensively evaluated NO2 concentrations simulated by the regional air quality modeling system with a horizontal grid resolution of 1.3 km by using the Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System (AEROS) ground-based observation network and aloft measurement by multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) over the greater Tokyo area. Observations are usually limited to the surface level, and gaps remain in our understanding of the behavior of air pollutants above the near-surface layer, particularly within the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Therefore, MAX-DOAS measurement was used, which observes scattered sunlight in the ultraviolet/visible range at several elevation angles between the horizon and zenith to determine the aloft NO2 pollution averaged over 0-1 km. In total, four MAX-DOAS measurement systems at Chiba University (35.63°N, 140.10°E) systematically covered the north, east, west, and south directions to capture the aloft NO2 pollution over the greater Tokyo area. The target period was Chiba-Campaign 2015 conducted from 9 to 23 November 2015. The evaluations showed that the air quality modeling system can generally capture the observed behavior of both surface and aloft NO2 pollution in terms of spatial and temporal coverage. The diurnal variation, which typically showed an increase from evening to early morning without daylight and a decrease during the daytime, was also captured by the model. During Chiba-Campaign 2015, two cases of episodic higher NO2 concentration were identified: one during the nighttime and the other during the daytime as different diurnal patterns. These were related to a stagnant wind field, with the latter also connected to a lower PBL height in cloudy conditions. Comparison of the modeled surface and aloft NO2 concentrations showed that aloft NO2 concentration exhibited a strong linear correlation with surface NO2 concentration, with the aloft value scaled to 0.4-0.5-fold the surface value, irrespective of whether the day was clean or polluted. This scaling value was lower during the nighttime and higher during the daytime. Based on this synergetic analysis of surface and aloft observation bridged by modeling simulation, this study contributes to fostering understanding of aloft NO2 pollution.
Activation of the EGFR-PI3K-CaM Pathway by PRL-1 Ameliorates Liver Cirrhosis via ER Stress-dependent Calcium
Authors: Kim Se Ho , Kim Jae Yeon , Park Soo Young , Jeong Won Tae , Kim Jin Man , Bae Si Hyun , Kim Gi Jin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulation of cholesterol and depletion of calcium induce hepatic injury through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. ER stress regulates the calcium imbalance between the ER and mitochondria. Previously, we reported that phosphatase of regenerating liver-1 (PRL-1)-overexpressing placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCsPRL-1) promoted liver regeneration through mitochondrial dynamics in a cirrhotic rat model. However, whether PRL-1 is involved in ER stress-dependent calcium is unclear. So, we demonstrated that PD-MSCsPRL-1 improves hepatic functions by regulating ER stress and calcium channels in a rat model of bile duct ligation (BDL). Methods: Liver cirrhosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats using surgically induced BDL for 10 days. PD-MSCs and PD-MSCsPRL-1 (2x106 cells) were intravenously administered to animals, and their therapeutic effects were analyzed. WB-F344 cells exposed to thapsigargin (TG) were cocultured with PD-MSCs or PD-MSCsPRL-1. Results: ER stress markers (e.g., eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP) were increased in the non-transplantation group (NTx) compared with the control group. PD-MSCsPRL-1 significantly decreased ER stress markers compared to NTx and induced dynamic changes in calcium channel markers (e.g., SERCA2b, IP3R, MCU, and VDAC1) (*p<0.05). In TG-treated WB-F344 cells, cocultivation with PD-MSCsPRL-1 decreased cytosolic CaM expression and cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+ concentrations; however, the ER Ca2+ concentration was increased compared to that in PD-MSCs (*p<0.05). Additionally, PRL-1 through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling, resulting in calcium increases via CaM expression. Conclusions: These findings suggest that PD-MSCsPRL-1 improved hepatic functions through calcium changes and attenuated ER stress in a BDL-injured rat model. Therefore, these results provide useful data for the development of next-generation MSC-based stem cell therapy for regenerative medicine in chronic liver disease.
Mass energy and momentum in the special relativity with variable speed of light
Authors: Dong Na , Jun Dong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
On the basis of establishing the special theory of relativity with variable speed of light and obtaining the step function relationship between mass and speed, this article further seeks the proper collocations of mass, energy and momentum allowed by the "ontology" of moving masses which are in various stages of motion properties or in different physical environments. Three ontology collocation types are obtained. If we consider the basic fact that the lower the energy, the more stable it is, the real physical world ranges from astrophysics issues such as white dwarfs, red giants, and celestial space speeds, to the various light and heavy elementary particles existence, combination and performance，which qualitative knowledge can all be derived from the "ontology collocation ". Two of these three types of collocations are derived from the mass-velocity step function relationship contented of quantum properties, so all the quantum phenomena of modern physics will not be obliterated. It is hoped that the modern physics knowledge accumulated in the laboratory and the scattered various theories will be explained under the dominance of a classic theory. The article also deduced the conversion relationship between the inertial system S and S’ of the three collocation types of mass, energy and momentum of the moving mass. Derive the upgrade and downgrade law of the complete special relativity system, this also greatly expands the way to understand modern physics from the theory of relativity.
A Superior Seismic Data Preprocessing Technique to Improve the Resolution of Surface wave Velocity Spectrums
Authors: Naskar Tarun , Bhaumik Mrinal , Mukherjee Sayan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A high-resolution surface wave velocity spectrum, also known as dispersion image, is of paramount importance for any seismic survey to accurately predict subsurface earth’s properties. The presence of diversified noise in the field acquisition and dissimilar attenuation due to mechanical and radial damping makes it challenging for different wavefield transformation algorithm to produce a detailed and precise velocity spectrum. Standard seismic data preprocessing technique like trace normalisation or bandpass filter fails to address all issues appropriately. Here we have presented a new superior preprocessing technique that can eradicate most of the shortcomings adequately. Experimental field data and published results are used to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. The proposed method also found to produce superior results when compared against the popular commercially available software package Surfseis 6. Overall, the proposed method improves the quality of the velocity spectrum significantly, and it produces a sharper dispersion image even for the extremely noisy data. The work presented here enhances our ability to interpret the surface wave data precisely and help explore accurate properties of the subsurface earth.
The Impact of School Opening Model on SARS-CoV-2 Community Incidence and Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Ertem Zeynep , Schechter-Perkins Elissa , Oster Emily , Berg Polly van den , Epshtein Isabella , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn , Wilson Fernando , Perenchevich Elli , Pettey Warren , Branch-Elliman Westyn , Nelson Richard 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The role that in-person schooling contributes to community incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and deaths remains unknown. We conducted an event study evaluating the effect of in-person school on SARS-CoV-2 cases and deaths per 100,000 persons during the 12-weeks following school opening, stratified by US Census region. There was no impact of in-person school opening and COVID-19 deaths. In most regions, COVID-19 incidence rates were not statistically different in counties with in-person versus remote school modes. However, in the South, there was a significant and sustained increase in cases per week among counties that opened for in-person learning versus remote learning, with weekly effects ranging from 7.8 (95% CI: 1.2-14.5) to 18.9 (95% CI: 7.9-29.9) additional cases per 100,000, driven by increases among 0-9 year olds and adults.