bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SURVEILLANCE IN CRIME PREVENTION
Authors: Voitovych Nataliia 
Published: March 2021

The aim of the research is to study the historical preconditions and legal regulation of surveillance in combating crime in the XIX century. At the same time, the author's goal is to compare peculiarities of the instruments of system fight against crime (the method of operational search actions, hereinafter - OSA) and covert investigative activities in countries with different forms of government and diverse political systems.The methodology of the research is: adherence to the principles of objectivity, scientificity and historicism contributed to consistent disclosure of preconditions, content and principles of surveillance as a measure and a method of OSA and covert investigative activities in combating and preventing crime actions. Mutual enrichment with historical and legal methods provided systemity of the research. Historical study of surveillance in combination with the study of regulatory legal acts created new opportunities for interdisciplinary research. The application of general scientific methods, namely systematization, generalization, problem-chronological, comparative-historical, historical-legal methods allowed to trace the influence of the legal component on the history of introduction and development of surveillance in the "long" XIX century and peculiarities of its usage in the conditions of the newly formed states and political systems in the interwar period.The scientific novelty lies in a detailed historical and legal analysis of the content of regulatory legal acts concerning legal grounds for surveillance, a comprehensive study of its content, gaps and peculiarities of usage in non-democratic political regimes.Conclusions. The article provides historical analysis of evolution and usage of surveillance, which has experienced several stages connected with improving the performance of security functions, in preventing crimes. The attention is focused on the most characteristic features of implementing surveillance as a universal measure of obtaining information and distributing tasks between the states' law enforcement agencies and a means of combating representatives of political forces and structures constituting a real and hypothetical threat to the state / regime. The similarity of performing functions by law enforcement agencies (and the role of surveillance) in the conditions of different state formations, despite fundamental differences in the forms of government and the nature of political systems, is proved.
Paul Siwek SJ (1893-1986), philosophe et psychologue
Authors: Darowski Roman 
Published: March 2021

Le Pere Paul Siwek SJ est un des plus eminents philosophes et psychologues polonais. II a travaille dans differents pays et s'est acquis une estime et une celebrite internationales. Pour familiariser le lecteur avec la personne de Siwek, on presente ici, de facon succincte, sa biographie, la liste de ses livres principaux publies en plusieurs langues, la caracteristique de son activite et la bibliographie des publications principales qui contiennent des donnees sur lui.
La Philosophie des jésuites en Pologne du XVIᵉ au XVIIIᵉ siècle
Authors: Darowski Roman 
Published: March 2021

Ces dernieres annees, plusieurs travaux sur la philosophie des jesuites en Pologne au XVIᵉ XVIᵉ et XVIIᵉ siecle ont ete publies. Ceux qui sent ecrits en langues plus connues, sont enumeres dans la bibliographie a la fin de cet article. Malgre cela, on ne pent pas dire que cette philosophie soit suffisamment explicite. Mais actuellement, il existe deja des fondements plus solides pour essayer de creer une synthese de cette philosophie. Cet essai est d'autant plus fonde que d'apres l'opinion de quelques historiens une synthese doit etre faite a chaque etape des recherches. Le present essai de synthese traite de la philosophie enseignee du
XVIᵉ au XVIIIᵉ slecle dans les colleges des jesuites en Pologne et en Lituanie qui constituaient alors un seul etat — une Republique des deux Nations. II se rapporte donc au territoire de cet etat dans ses frontieres
historiques. L'article comprend la periode de I'arrivee des jesuites en Pologne en 1564 jusqu'a la suppression de leur ordre en 1773.
Stanisław Janeczek. Oświecenie chrześcijańskie. Z dziejów polskiej kultury filozoficznej [The Christian Enlightenment. A study in the history of Polish philosophical culture]
Authors: S. J. 
Published: March 2021

The subject of this study is the process of change which affected the teaching of philosophy in the secondary education system in the first phase of the Polish Enlightenment in the mid-18th century. Historians of science and philosophy have treated those changes as a spontaneous and uncritical attempt to include the problems of modem natural science seventeenth-century systems of philosophy, and ethical and social issues of the Enlightenment into the systematic exposition of Christian Aristotelianism, all despite the avowed opposition to these modes of culture. Hence the contemporary so-called 'philosophia recentiorum' has usually been regarded as a form of eclecticism, that is as a form structurally and culturally inconsistent, transitory, incomplete and dependent. Emphasis has also been laid on the impact Ch. Wolff allegedly had on the first stage of the Polish Enlightenment, the impact then replaced by English and French influences.
Sylwetki jezuickich publicystów i działaczy społecznych, 1872-1918, [Gesuiti pubblicisti e animatori sociali, 1872-1918]
Authors: Obirek Stanisław 
Published: March 2021

II dar l'avvio, da parte dei gesuiti della Provincia Galiziana nel 1872, alla pubblicazione dei primi numeri delle „Intencje Miesięczne Apostolstwa Modiitwy" (piu tardi „Posłaniec Serca Jezusowego") diede l'inizio all'Editrice dell'Apostolato della Preghiera in Galizia e apri un'epoca nuova nell'impegno della Chiesa cattolica galiziana nella „questione sociale".
W. Sellars' modifizierte Identitätstheorie
Authors: Bremer Józef 
Published: March 2021

Die in der analytischen Philosophie vorgeschlagenen Lösungen des Leib-Seele-Problems, d.h. des Problems, in welchem Verhältnis der menschliche Geist zu dem Leib steht, sind überwiegend materialistischer bzw. physikalistischer Art. Hinter der Bezeichnung „physikalistische Art“ steckt normalerweise eine reduktionistische These, die besagt, daß alle realen Dinge und Ereignisse in der letzten Analyse nichts anderes sind als mikrophysikalische Partikel oder Ereignisse und sich allein mit Hilfe von rein physikalistischen Methoden und Prinzipien beschreiben bzw. erklären lassen. Ein so verstandener Reduktionismus ist keine naturwissenschaftliche, sondern eine philosophische Theorie. Die jetzt folgende Darstellung der geschichtlichen Entwicklungsstufen dieser Theorie soll in die unten ausgearbeiteten reduktionistischen Thesen von W. Sellars (1912-1989) einführen. Diese Darstellung konzentriert sich auf die in der analytischen Philosophie vorgeschlagenen Lösungen des Leib-Seele-Problems, oder in unserem Fall Leib-Sensorium-Problems, da wir uns vor allem auf die Reduktion der Sinneseindrücke konzentrieren wollen.
Roman Darowski. Filozofia w szkołach jezuickich w Polsce w XVI wieku
Authors: Schuppener Georg 
Published: March 2021

Die Tätigkeit der Jesuiten im Bereich der verschiedenen Wissenschaften im 16. bis 18. Jahrhundert hat in den zurückliegenden Jahren zunehmend Interesse gefunden. Die Gründe hierfür liegen insbesondere im Einfluß der Jesuiten auf die Entwicklung und die Inhalte des Bildungssystems nicht nur in den katholischen Gebieten Europas, der früher auch aus ideologischen Gründen oft unterschätzt wurde. Durch detaillierte Untersuchungen wurde in jüngerer Zeit immer deutlicher, welch wichtige Rolle der Jesuitenorden in jener Zeit für Bildung und Wissenschaft spielte.
La dignidad del hombre como fundamento de los derechos humanos en la doctrina social de la Iglesia católica
Authors: Grabowski Rafał D. 
Published: March 2021

Los ultimos tiempos se caracterizan, sobre todo, por una mayor conciencia y un mayor interes acerca de los derechos humanos. Sin duda alguna es consecuencia de lo que experimento la humanidad en nuestro siglo. Las dos guerras mundiales, los campos de concentracion y de trabajo, los deportaciones masivas y ejecuciones, los crimenes de guerra y el exterminio de naciones enteras, muestran la violacion mas cruel de la dignidad de la persona humana y de sus derechos fundamentales. Hey dla, los Ilamados derechos humanos, derechos de la persona
o derechos naturales gozan de un gran reconocimiento. Sin embargo, 50 anos despues de proclamar la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas la Declaracion Universal de Derechos Humanos, el problema mas importante en la doctrina de los derechos humanos lo constituye todavia la busqueda del fundamento de los mismos. La abundante discusion que rodea esta cuestiön muestra diferentes posturas, a voces opuestas. Esta „gran dispersion de enfoques" -como dice Massini- lleva consigo consecuencias necesariamente negativas, porque „no puede sino conducir a su debilitamiento y, en definitiva, a su difuminacion. En ultima instancia, unos derechos quo se intentan justificar de modo tan desemejante y hasta contradictorio, tienden a aparecer como postulados gratuitos, como afirmaciones meramente dogmaticas". A pesar de esta dispersion, los enfoques para justificar los derechos humanos se pueden sintetizar en tres.
La natura della società nel pensiero di San Tommaso d'Aquino
Authors: Majkrzak Henryk 
Published: March 2021

La dottrina sociale di s. Tommaso ha come l'oggetto non la societa, ma l'uomo che vive in societa. La fonte del pensiero tomista va ricercata nella concezione politica d'Aristotele. Secondo lui per natura l'uomo e un animale sociale e politico che vive in mezzo agli altri. L'Aquinate interpreta in senso strettissimo il note principio aristotelico della socialita naturale e politicita dell'essere umano: „Naturale autem est homini, ut sit animal sociale et politicum, in multitudine vivens, magis etiam quam omnia alia animalia, quod quidem naturalis necessitas declaret".
Stanislas Szadurski SJ (1726-1789), un représentant de la Philosophie scolastique modernisée
Authors: Bargieł Franciszek 
Published: March 2021

Le P. Stanislas Szadurski s'est acquis par ses ecrits un renom de forte intelligence et de tete de file de la pensee des philosophes jesuites du XVIIIe siecle en Pologne. On s'interesse de plus en plus a sa personne et a ses conceptions que l’on veut prouver sur documents et connaitre plus largement sa place dans l’histoire do la pensee philosophique. D'ou notre ouvrage sur Szadurski (publie en polonais a Cracovie en 1978), ouvrage qui est la premiere monographie a partir de sources biographiques et doctrinales inconnues jusqu'ä maintenant du public. Notre texte comprend : 1) quelques donnees bibliographiques, 2) une breve biographie de Szadurski, 3) la presentation de ses conceptions philosophiques principales, divisees en logique, metaphysique (ontologie, etiologie, theologie naturelle et psychologie), physique (generale et speciale), une courte synthese do tout son enseignement.
Jay F. Rosenberg. Thinking clearly about Death [Myśleć jasno o śmierci]
Authors: Bremer Józef 
Published: March 2021

Drugie wydanie książki prof. dr Rosenberga zawiera, jak autor sam zaznacza, tylko niewielkie stylistyczne poprawki w stosunku do wydania pierwszego, które ukazało się w roku 1983. Na uwagę zasługuje to, że omawiane wydanie ukazało się w renomowanym wydawnictwie Hacketta. Wydanie pierwsze zainteresowało raczej akademickie kręgi filozofów i psychologów. Rosenberg jest profesorem filozofii analitycznej (Taylor Grandy Professor of Philosophy) w Uniwersytecie North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Z jego bibliografii obejmującej kilkadziesiąt pozycji na szczególną uwagę zasługują książki: Linguistic Representation (Dordrecht, 1974), One World and our Knowledge of It (Dordrecht, 1980), The Thinking Self (Philadelphia, PA, 1986), Beyond Formalism: Naming and Necessity for Human Beings (Philadelphia, PA, 1994).
Wojciech Słomski. Personalistyczna wizja wolności. Wokół koncepcji wolności osoby ludzkiej Emmanuela Mouniera [The Personalist Vision of Freedom: Examining Emmanuel Mounier's Concept of Personal Freedom]
Authors: Orlik Jacek , Gauger Søren 
Published: March 2021

There is considerable discussion in contemporary philosophical inquiry concerning the problematics of personalism. Among these inquiries is the book of Wojciech Słomski, a professor of philosophy at
the Higher Institute of Psychotherapy and Rehabilitation in Warsaw, entitled The Personalist Vision of Freedom: Examining Emmanuel Mounier's Concept of Personal Freedom. This is the second edition
(corrected and enlarged) of the book which once appeared under the title Personal Freedom According to Emmanuel Mounier in 1996. The new additions are the first chapter, in which the author introduces E.
Mounier as a man and philosopher, as well as chapter five, which deals with the role and significance of freedom. This is rounded off by the remaining chapters. The book, therefore, is composed of six chapters
and the bibliography.
Abraham Joshua Heschel's Philosophy of Man
Authors: Szczerbiński Waldemar 
Published: March 2021

The subject of the following discourse is, as the title itself points out, the anthropology of Heschel. Considering the fact that Heschel is in general unknown in Poland, I shall take the liberty to make known, in short, some pieces of information about him. Heschel was born in Warsaw, Poland on January 11th 1907. After graduating from the Gymnasium in Wilno he started his studies at Friedrich Wilhelm Universität, Berlin. At the Berlin University he studied at the Philosophy Department and, additionally, he took up studies in the sphere of Semitic Philosophy and History of Art. In 1937 Heschel was chosen by Martin Buber as his successor at Mittelstelle für Jüdische Erwachsenen-Bildung in Frankfurt on the Main. In October he was arrested by the Gestapo and deported to Poland together with all the Jews of Polish nationality. After returning to Warsaw he taught philosophy and biblical sciences at the Institute of Jewish Studies. Six weeks before the German aggression against Poland he left for England and then for the United States where he stayed until his death. He was the Professor at the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York. Except for his didactical activity, our philosopher did not neglect creative work. As time went on he was becoming a more and more well-known and
appreciated intellectualist and social worker in America. His activity went far beyond the boundaries of the Jewish world.
Tadeusz Ślipko SJ
Authors: Darowski Roman 
Published: March 2021

Powyższy artykuł jest znacznie skróconą i nieznacznie zmienioną wersją niemieckiego opracowania, które się ukazało w książce: Roman Darowski, Filozofia jezuitów w Polsce w XX wieku. Próba syntezy - Słownik autorów, Kraków 2001, Wyższa Szkoła Filozoficzno-Pedagogiczna Ignatianum - Wydawnictwo WAM, s. 306-329. Zamieszczona tam wersja polska zawiera m.in. pełną bibliografię prac T. Slipki.
Georgius Gengell SJ (1657-1727) eiusque ad atheismi quæstionem relatio
Authors: Bargieł Franciszek 
Published: March 2021

Initio praenotandum: Imprimitur hic in latina versione articulus praeparatus pro Universali Philosophiae Enciclopaedia, quae a Polona Societate Thomae Aquinatis in Catholica Universitate Lublinensi edi curatur (Powszechna Encyklopedia Filozofii, Lublin). Thema istud accuratius extensiusque elaboratum est in dissertatione academica ad doctoratum obtinendum, cuius hic brevis synthesis praesentatur. Erat: sacerdos, rector collegiorum studiorumque, scriptor polemicus, theologus apologeta, contrreformator, atheographus, censor criticus atheismi, Cartesii reformatorumque (lutheranismi, calvinismi, zvinglianismi, jansenismi aliorumque). A historicis eminentior putatur inter polonos sodales Societatis lesu saeculo XVIII. Quam opinionem ipsi potissimum meruerunt eius publicationes populares, in quibus actualia graviaque problemata perpendebat illisque remedia opportuna proponebat. Apud suos confratres optima quoque aestimatione usus est testificata muneribus ipsi commissis in communitatis bonum.
Stanisław Kowalczyk. Elementy filozofii i teologii sportu [The elements of philosophy and theology of sport]
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanisław , Kłos Jan 
Published: March 2021

Sport plays today an eminent role in man's life and in societies. Various sciences have made it the subject-matter of their reflection, i.e. psychology, sociology, the natural and humanistic sciences, art, philosophy, and theology. The present work seeks to answer some fundamental questions connected with the phenomenon of sport: what is it for man (part one)? whether and when does it serve the social integration of a community (part two)? what are the premises and principles of the ethics of sportive activity (part three)? what is the aesthetic dimension of sport (part four)? what are the relations between sport and religious faith (part five)? The philosophical profile is dominant in the book, taking into consideration various aspects of sport: anthropological, social, axiological, and theological.
Possibility - Actuality - God
Authors: Ziemiański Stanisław 
Published: March 2021

In „Forum Philosophicum" vol. 7 (2002) a paper has been published in which J. R. Spitzer's proof for the existence of God has been analysed. The proof proceeded from the disjunction: The independent Being exists or does not exists The objective of the paper in „Forum" was to analyse the relation of dependence which was the central point to Spitzer's proof. Since in September 2001 the second part of the american Jesuit's disquisition appeared in the same periodical, it seems suitable to react to this new text too. Spitzer has presented there three new arguments for the existence of God: (1) from the past time, (2) from the distinction between actuality and mere possibility and (3) from a Lonerganian interpretation of the same distinction. While he named the proofs presented in the part I metaphysical, he qualified the proofs brought forward in the part H as cosmological, in view of the facts belonging to
inanimate nature, such as: time, space, the velocity of light, etc. which serve him as starting-points. It is worth stressing that Spitzer's method is conducive to discussion, because he adduces concrete examples,
something which makes his mind more comprehensible. Had he used some vague descriptions or general definitions, discussion would have been more difficult. So let us analyse the new proposed proofs.
A comparative simulation study on lateral and L-shaped PN junction phase shifters for single-drive 50 Gbps lumped Mach–Zehnder modulators
Authors: Kim Younghyun , Jin Taewon , Bae Youngjoo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present a comparative study of lateral and L-shaped PN junction Si optical phase shifters for Mach–Zehnder modulators in Si photonics based on TCAD simulation. First, we introduce an easy fabrication method for L-shaped PN junctions by inverting dominant dopant type in Si. Then, we present the quantitative comparison of Si optical phase shifters. The L-shaped PN junction device shows the larger modulation efficiency of VpiL and the lower optical phase shifter loss compared to the lateral one. The VpiL for the vertical one is 0.89 Vcm, nearly half that of the lateral one, 1.76 Vcm at the same optical phase shifter loss, 10.5 dB cm−1. Finally, taking advantage of single-drive configuration and optimizing input characteristic impedance, the large-signal simulation with 1 mW input power and a 500 μm phase shifter shows the dynamic optical modulation amplitude of 0.22 mW for the vertical one, which could be a promising solution for a compact device footprint without a traveling wave electrode.
Comparison between thermal strain and acoustic radiation force imaging methods for estimation of heat source distribution of high-intensity focused ultrasound
Authors: Obara Nozomi , Umemura Shin-ichiro , Yoshizawa Shin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment, targeting its focal region prior to the thermal coagulation is required for the safety and efficacy of the treatment because the size and position of the thermally effective focal zone depend on the acoustic properties of the tissue. Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging can estimate the focal region from the displacement caused by ARF which stems from ultrasonic attenuation. Thermal strain (TS) imaging is another targeting method, which is based on temperature rise caused by tissue absorption. In this study, the TS imaging and temperature measurement by thermocouple were conducted for the same location, and a linear relationship between the TS and temperature rise was confirmed. In addition, the differences of the distribution depending upon the physical phenomena such as the thermo-acoustic lens effect and the effect of acoustic reflection were observed by comparing two imaging methods.
Measurement of changes in resistance of a Ag2+δ
S nano-island on removal of dopant δ-Ag atoms
Authors: Mishima Nozomi , Tsuruoka Tohru , Hasegawa Tsuyoshi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Changes in the resistance of a Ag2+δ
S nano-island, in which non-stoichiometric δ-Ag atoms work as a dopant in an n-type semiconductor, was induced by electrochemical removal of the dopant δ-Ag atoms using conductive-atomic force microscopy. The removed Ag atoms grew a Ag nanowire on a nano-island, the height of which corresponded to the measured resistance. Conductance (1/resistance) linearly decreased as the height of a Ag nanowire increased, in accordance with the theory of semiconductor conductivity. The technique has the potential for the dynamic control of conductance in nanostructures post-fabrication.
Ex libris Steph. S. Mányoki
Authors: Postma Ferenc 
Published: March 2021

Some years ago, we discovered a Dutch item in the famous Klimo Library at Pécs. It is a Convolute, composed of 67 booklets, all printed in the Netherlands in the first half of the 17th century. The collection was made by a Hungarian student of theology from Debrecen, Stephanus / István S. Mányoki, during his stay as a peregrinus in the Netherlands, where he studied at the protestant universities in Groningen, Franeker, Leiden and Utrecht respectively (1646–1648). Later on, this collection of academic imprints came into the possession of Matthias / Mátyás Domsics (1691–1768), a Canon of the Cathedral at Pécs, in order to be used for his Refutation of the Protestant Doctrine of the Faith. However, Domsics could not finish his dogmatic studies. In 1767, the new Roman Catholic bishop of Pécs, Georgius / György Klimo (1710–1777), took over all the books Domsics had collected for that purpose. Thus, Mányoki’s Convolute of Dutch protestant academic imprints became a part of bishop Klimo’s library.
Mányoki’s Convolute makes a valuable contribution to current Dutch research in book history. This Convolute will be a great enrichment, especially for the “Short-Title Catalogue Netherlands” (STCN).
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PROFESSIONAL-APPIED PHYSICAL TRAINING
Authors: Ларионова Марина Николаевна 
Published: March 2021

Обзор основных принципов профессионально-прикладной физической подготовки специалистов. Краткая характеристика принципов. Подбор средств физической подготовки для реализации принципов профессионально-прикладной физической подготовки.
Review of the basic principles of professional and applied physical training of specialists. Brief description of the principles. Selection of means of physical training for the implementation of the principles of professional and applied physical training.