bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic history and genetic diversity of wild African harlequin quail (Coturnix delegorguei delegorguei) populations of Kenya
Authors: Ogada Stephen , Otecko Newton O. , Moraa Kennedy Grace , Musina John , Agwanda Bernard , Obanda Vincent , Lichoti Jacqueline , Peng Min‐Sheng , Ommeh Sheila 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHunting wild African harlequin quails (Coturnix delegorguei delegorguei) using traditional methods in Western Kenya has been ongoing for generations, yet their genetic diversity and evolutionary history are largely unknown. In this study, the genetic variation and demographic history of wild African harlequin quails were assessed using a 347bp mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region fragment and 119,339 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) data. Genetic diversity analyses revealed that the genetic variation in wild African harlequin quails was predominantly among individuals than populations. Demographic analyses indicated a signal of rapid demographic expansion, and the estimated time since population expansion was found to be 150,000–350,000 years ago, corresponding to around the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary. A gradual decline in their effective population size was also observed, which raised concerns about their conservation status. These results provide the first account of the genetic diversity of wild African harlequin quails of Siaya, thereby creating a helpful foundation in their biodiversity conservation.
Age‐related survival after alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Authors: Batzner Angelika , Aicha Diaa , Pfeiffer Barbara , Neugebauer Anna , Seggewiss Hubert 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsSince its introduction, alcohol septal ablation (PTSMA) was discussed as treatment option only in elderly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). We report on long‐term follow‐up after PTSMA with respect to patient's age.Methods and resultsBetween May 2000 and June 2017, we treated 952 consecutive HOCM patients with PTSMA; 133 (14.0%) patients were <40 years of age (Group A; mean age 30.3 ± 7.6; 26.3% female), 422 (44.3%) patients were between ≥40 and <60 years of age (Group B; mean age 50.6 ± 5.8; 27.0% female), and 397 (41.7%) patients were ≥60 years of age (Group C; 69.7 ± 6.1; 60.2% female). After PTSMA, need of pacemaker implantation was lowest in Group A (3.8%, P < 0.01 each) compared with Group B (9.2%) and Group C (14.1%) during hospital stay. One patient in Groups A and C died during hospital stay, each. Follow‐up was longer in Group A (7.4 ± 5.5 years) compared with Group C (5.6 ± 4.8 years; P < 0.001) and comparable with Group B (6.5 ± 5.1 years). Mortality was highest in Group C (13.1%; P < 0.0001 each) compared with Group A (1.5%) and Group B (4.3%). In Group A, no patient died from cardiac reason, whereas five patients died from cardiac reasons in Group B and seven patients in Group C. Sudden cardiac death was not observed in Group A, whereas three patients in Group B and one patient in Group C suffered sudden cardiac death.ConclusionsMortality after PTSMA is predominantly due to non‐cardiac reasons and mainly observed in elderly patients. Survival in young patients is not affected by cardiac mortality. In experienced centres with careful patient selection, PTSMA is safe in young patients.
Selective electrochemical fluorination of O,S‐acetal derivatives bearing α‐electron‐withdrawing groups
Authors: Yin Bin , Inagi Shinsuke , Fuchigami Toshio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn order to perform selective fluorination of organic molecules, conventional hazardous fluorinating reagents have been mainly employed so far. However, selective electrochemical fluorination does not require any hazardous reagents. Herein, we present electrochemical fluorination of O,S‐acetals bearing electron‐withdrawing ester, amide, and nitrile groups at their α‐positions using various supporting poly(HF) salts such as Et3N‐nHF (n = 3–5) and Et4NF‐nHF (n = 3–5). In the case of O,S‐acetals bearing an ester group, the corresponding α‐fluorination products and/or fluorodesulfurization products were formed selectively depending on supporting poly(HF) salts used. O,S‐Acetals bearing a relatively weak electron‐withdrawing amide group gave fluorodesulfurization products selectively while O,S‐acetal having a strongly electron‐withdrawing nitrile group provided the α‐fluorinated product predominantly regardless of the poly(HF) salts used.
Finite element modeling and experimental validation of a radial extensometer and dependant z‐type self‐expanding endovascular stent
Authors: Scott Joel C. R. , Doman Darrel A. , Johnston Clifton R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStent migration due to haemodynamic drag remains the primary cause of type I endoleak, potentially leading to aneurysm rupture. The prevalence of migration and endoleak can be partially attributed to deficiencies in stent‐graft radial spring design and a lack in understanding of the mechanical properties of endovascular stents. A converged finite element model of a custom radial extensometer was developed, fit, and validated using experimental results for bare stent wire (“uncovered”) with outer diameter of 12 mm stent. During stent constriction to 50 % of the original cross‐sectional area, a comparison of experimental and modeled results produced an value of 0.946, a standard error of 0.099 N, and a mean percent error of 1.69 %. This validated finite element model can be used to analyze the mechanisms responsible for radial force generation in 316L stainless steel self‐expanding endovascular stents, as well as to evaluate new stent designs.
An optimal strategy with various QoS requirement for data fusion for Internet of Things
Authors: Xu Jiuyun , Sun Shan , Li Miao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the Internet of Things (IoT), sensors deployed in different monitoring areas compete to transmit sensory data to the fusion center, and all links attempt to increase their transmission opportunities by unfairly acquiring channel access. In order to provide prompt and reliable delivery of sensory data, this article proposes a distributed scheduling strategy named NCG‐CSMA based on game theory. The innovation of the NCG‐CSMA strategy is that it introduce a new payoff function that takes into account the time and value attributes of packets as well as the past state of the link, to provide more transmission opportunities for packets with high urgent and more value for data fusion. And, the strategy we proposed does not need nodes to interact to their own information with other competitors and guides each player to make rational decisions in a distributed way. At the same time, NCG‐CSMA is a kind of preemptive strategy. The simulation results demonstrate that the real‐time performance of our strategy is much more satisfactory compared with the existing strategies.
Millimeter‐wave planar antennas for 5G‐based remote monitoring and treatment of COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Nahar Tapan , Rawat Sanyog 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpreading of COVID‐19 intensely affected the social life, economics, and health care system globally. Remote treatment of COVID‐19 is required to prevent healthcare professionals from being infected and solve the shortage of health resources which is generated due to large number of COVID patients. Tele‐health services require low latency, high data rate connections between various sensors, and Internet of Things devices with reliable and uninterrupted networks, which can support massive number of devices. 5G‐based remote health care solutions are provided by various researchers to solve the aforementioned problems. Various technologies such as millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave), beamforming, and multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) are used to fulfill the requirements. mm‐Wave spectrum provides wide available bandwidth, high speed, low latency, and compact antenna size but range of communication is limited due to high link losses and environmental attenuation. High‐gain, narrow beam‐steerable radiation properties of antenna are required to mitigate these losses. This article first presents the design of 16 elements mm‐Wave beam‐steerable planar array for 5G‐based COVID‐19 tracking and health care management. The proposed antenna provides 1.83 GHz of bandwidth with gain of 19.3 dB and side‐lobe levels of less than −24 dB at 28.67 GHz. Narrow main beam having 0.9° beamwidth can be steered from −50° to +45° with less than 5 dB reduction in gain. MIMO configurations of the proposed antenna are also discussed. MIMO performance parameters are under acceptable limit. The proposed antenna is potential cost efficient solution for 5G‐based COVID‐19 tracking and treatment applications.
Pyrrhic nationals: The promise and pitfalls of masculine civic belonging in Argentina
Authors: McNamara Owen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article I discuss an Argentine workfare program as an entry point to challenge dominant understandings of the relationship between masculinity and the nation‐state. By examining this program as it is enacted in Huerta Maipú, a community farm in the outskirts of Córdoba, Argentina, I explore how materializing nationally appropriate masculinity can impede the realization of the substantive benefits associated with national inclusion. Drawing upon Lauren Berlant's (2011)Cruel Optimism, I develop the concept of Pyrrhic Nationals to describe this dynamic. My argument builds upon a subordinated approach to understanding masculinity which I put into conversation with anthropological analyses of the role of civil society in neoliberal regimes. Even though Huerta Maipú was explicitly constructed as an anti‐market, anti‐capitalist and anti‐patriarchal site, materializing masculinities through social and community activism entailed becoming the exact subjects required by neoliberal projects.
E‐cigarette use and tobacco harm reduction: Pilot survey study evaluating perspectives of head and neck surgeons
Authors: Koo Elliot Y. , Kozak Kyle J. , Achim Virginie , Wenig Barry L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundElectronic cigarettes (EC) are popular devices that aerosolize a nicotine and have been controversially considered tool for smoking cessation and tobacco harm reduction (THR). The purpose of this pilot study was to identify head and neck cancer (HNC) surgeons' attitudes/perspectives of EC and smoking cessation counseling.MethodsCross‐sectional survey administered to American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) members.ResultsResponse rate was 136 members (15.1%) with the majority 102 (75.00%) having unfavorable attitude toward EC for smoking cessation. Fifty‐eight respondents (42.7%) were familiar with THR. Those familiar with THR 37 (63.79%) routinely inquire about EC use. Compared between THR familiarity, 22 (37.93%) believed the benefits of EC for smoking cessation outweighed the potential risks.ConclusionsHNC specialists have an unfavorable attitude toward EC. Those familiar with THR were more likely to inquire about EC use. They were also less likely to have a definitive opinion on the benefits of quitting combustible cigarettes.
Entropy optimized MHD fluid flow over a vertical stretching sheet in presence of radiation
Authors: Kataria Hari R. , Mistry Mital H. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present article describes the influence of radiation on two‐dimensional laminar magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow passing over a convective surface. The behavior of the thermal equation is explored through Joule heating, heat generation/absorption, and viscous dissipation. The aim of this study is to examine the physical behavior of the entropy optimization rate. The Cartesian coordinates system is used to model the flow equations. Using similarity variables, a system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations. The problem is solved using HAM. The influence of various pertinent parameters on fluid characteristics is graphically explored. Velocity decreases for an increased amount of magnetic parameter, suction parameter, and velocity slip parameter, while behaves the opposite for Grashof number. Temperature increases for a large amount for Brinkman number, magnetic parameter, and radiation parameter, while decreases for Prandtl number. Entropy generation rate increases for Brinkman number, magnetic parameter, and temperature difference parameter. Bejan number decreases for Brinkman number while behaves the opposite for magnetic parameter and temperature difference parameter. Skin friction decreases for large values of magnetic parameters while behaving the opposite for a large amount of velocity slip parameter. Nusselt number decreases for a large amount of Brinkman number. For a better understanding of the study, comparison between numerical outcomes of entropy generation rate and Bejan number for different values of Prandtl number has been done through tables. Also, numerical outcomes of skin friction and Nusselt number are discussed using pertinent parameters through tables.
Degradation and release of tannic acid from an injectable tissue regeneration bead matrix in vivo
Authors: Baldwin Andrew , Hartl Maximilian , Tschaikowsky Mathaeus , Balzer Bizan N. , Booth Brian W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe development of multifunctional biomaterials as both tissue regeneration and drug delivery devices is currently a major focus in biomedical research. Tannic Acid (TA), a naturally occurring plant polyphenol, displays unique medicinal abilities as an antioxidant, an antibiotic, and as an anticancer agent. TA has applications in biomaterials acting as a crosslinker in polymer hydrogels improving thermal stability and mechanical properties. We have developed injectable cell seeded collagen beads crosslinked with TA for breast reconstruction and anticancer activity following lumpectomy. This study determined the longevity of the bead implants by establishing a degradation time line and TA release profile in vivo. Beads crosslinked with 0.1% TA and 1% TA were compared to observe the differences in TA concentration on degradation and release. We found collagen/TA beads degrade at similar rates in vivo, yet are resistant to complete degradation after 16 weeks. TA is released over time in vivo through diffusion and cellular activity. Changes in mechanical properties in collagen/TA beads before implantation to after 8 weeks in vivo also indicate loss of TA over a longer period of time. Elastic moduli decreased uniformly in both 0.1% and 1% TA beads. This study establishes that collagen/TA materials can act as a drug delivery system, rapidly releasing TA within the first week following implantation. However, the beads retain TA long term allowing them to resist degradation and remain in situ acting as a cell scaffold and tissue filler. This confirms its potential use as an anticancer and minimally invasive breast reconstructive device following lumpectomy.
Distance geometry and protein loop modeling
Authors: Labiak Rodrigo , Lavor Carlile , Souza Michael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDue to the role of loops in protein function, loop modeling is an important problem in computational biology. We present a new approach to loop modeling based on a combinatorial version of distance geometry, where the search space of the associated problem is represented by a binary tree and a branch‐and‐prune method is defined to explore it, following an atomic ordering previously given. This ordering is used to calculate the coordinates of atoms from the positions of its predecessors. In addition to the theoretical development, computational results are presented to illustrate the advantage of the proposed method, compared with another approach of the literature. Our algorithm is freely available at https://github.com/michaelsouza/bpl.
Reliable recognition ofDNAmethylation using bioanalysis of hybridization on the surface of Ag/GQDnanocomposite stabilized on poly (β‐cyclodextrin): A new platform forDNAdamage studies using genosensor technology
Authors: Adampourezare Mina , Saadati Arezoo , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Dehghan Gholamreza , Feizi Mohammad‐Ali Hosseinpoure 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDue to the role of DNA methylation in causing cancer in the present study, an innovative and inexpensive method was designed for the sensitive detection of DNA methylation. The silver‐graphene quantum dots (Ag/GQDs) nano ink with high electrical conductivity was used as a substrate for genosensor fabrication toward identification of DNA hybridization. Also, poly (β‐cyclodextrin) (p[β‐CD]) has been used as a biointerface for the stabilization of Ag/GQD nano ink. The thiolated pDNA strand (5′‐SH‐TCCGCTTCCCGACCCGCACTCCGC‐3′) (as bioreceptor element) was fixed on the substrate and hybridized with methylated (5′‐GC(M)GGAGTGC(M)GGGTC(M)GGGAAGC(M)GGA‐3′) and unmethylated (5′‐GCGGAGTGCGGGTCGGGAAGCGGA‐3′) cDNAs, as target sequences were studied using electroanalysis methods. Under optimal conditions and using electrochemical techniques, the linear range was 1amto 1pmwith LLOQ of 1aM. Finally, the designed DNA genosensor was used for detection of DNA methylation in human plasma samples and can be used to detect methylation in patient samples. It is expected that the designed DNA‐based biodevice will be used to early stage diagnosis of cancer using monitoring of DNA methylation. Also, this type of genosensor can be used for epigenetic studies in the near future.
Reduction in area‐specific on‐resistance with vertical stepped doped high‐kVDMOS
Authors: Parmar Onika , Gupta Namrata , Naugarhiya Alok 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, a novel high‐k VDMOS with vertical stepped doping profile is presented. It possesses lower area specific on‐resistance () in comparing to the conventional structure while the blocking capacity remains unaltered. Hence, the trade‐off between the breakdown voltage andis optimized as well as area specific on‐resistance is reduced from 68% to 27%. The proposed structure shows analogous behavior as conventional structure with improved current driving capability from 42% to 24%. Thus, it exhibits improved device characteristics and possesses enhanced figure of merits than conventional structure.
Some ways to reconstruct a sheaf from its tautological image on a Hilbert scheme of points
Authors: Krug Andreas , Rennemo Jørgen Vold 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFor X a smooth quasi‐projective variety and its associated Hilbert scheme of n points, we study two canonical Fourier–Mukai transforms , the one along the structure sheaf and the one along the ideal sheaf of the universal family. For , we prove that both functors admit a left inverse. This means in particular that both functors are faithful and injective on isomorphism classes of objects. Using another method, we also show in the case of an elliptic curve that the Fourier–Mukai transform along the structure sheaf of the universal family is faithful and injective on isomorphism classes. Furthermore, we prove that the universal family of is always flat over X, which implies that the Fourier–Mukai transform along its structure sheaf maps coherent sheaves to coherent sheaves.
Computational implementation of bounding surface model and its verification through cavity benchmark problems
Authors: Chen Shengli , Abousleiman Younane , Muraleetharan Kanthasamy K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper develops an implicit integration algorithm for a general form of the bounding surface model, using the return mapping approach (elastic predictor‐plastic corrector), to obtain the updated stresses for given strain increments. The formulation of the constitutive integration requires the derivation of a supplementary differential equation to describe the evolution of a key variable, that is, the ratio between the image stress and the current stress quantities. The integration algorithm for the bounding surface model is implemented into the finite element analysis commercial program, ABAQUS, through the material interface of UMAT (user defined material subroutine), and then used for the analysis of cavity contraction (wellbore drilling/tunnel excavation) boundary value problems. The predictions from the ABAQUS simulations are found to be in excellent agreement with the analytical solutions, thus demonstrating the validity and accuracy of the proposed integration scheme.
Direct analysis of hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biological samples with complex matrices using polarity‐reversed nanoelectrospray ionization
Authors: Tan Siyuan , Wang Juduo , Li Manli , Yin Xinchi , Gao Xiaomei , Li Chang , Jiang You , Dai Xinhua , Gong Xiaoyun , Fang Xiang 
Published: December 2021

RationalePolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of environmental contaminants with carcinogenic effect drawing worldwide attention. PAHs can be converted into hydroxylated PAHs (OH‐PAHs) through metabolic processes. Thus, they are commonly considered as an important class of biomarkers of PAH exposure. However, direct analysis of related metabolites of these environmental pollutants in biological samples using mass spectrometry is still challenging because of matrix effect and ion suppression during nanoelectrospray ionization (nano‐ESI).MethodsIn our previous work, a polarity‐reversed nanoelectrospray ionization (PR‐nESI) technique was developed for the analysis of biomolecules in complex matrices. In this work, we further optimized PR‐nESI for direct and sensitive analysis of OH‐PAHs in different samples under severe salt interference in negative polarity.ResultsCompared with conventional nano‐ESI, the optimized PR‐nESI method realized sensitive detection of 1‐naphthol in samples with a concentration of salt up to millimolar level. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) of OH‐PAHs was increased by 1−2 orders of magnitude compared with conventional nano‐ESI. Six different OH‐PAHs were successfully detected with high S/N ratio using PR‐nESI. PR‐nESI was further successfully applied in the analysis of OH‐PAHs in spiked fetal blood serum, human urine, and single‐cell samples. For environmentally exposed subjects, the detections of OH‐PAHs in single‐cell samples and urines from human smokers were successfully conducted.ConclusionThe optimized PR‐nESI method was successfully applied for the sensitive analysis of OH‐PAHs in complex biological samples with severe salt effects. Based on the present study, PR‐nESI can have a promising prospect for the sensitive analysis of other metabolites of environmental pollutants in negative polarity.