bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy and safety of the minimally invasive ilioinguinal approach for anterior pelvic ring fracture
Authors: Shi Xiaohua , Li Xiang , Wang Aiguo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Anterior pelvic ring contributes up to 40% of the stability of the pelvic ring and is located in close proximity to key pelvic organs, blood vessels, and nerves. An anterior pelvic ring fracture causes severe pain and is a potentially life-threatening condition in trauma patients. Currently available surgical repair methods are highly technical and include high risks of complications. The minimally invasive ilioinguinal approach (MIIA) is an emerging technique that reduces the risk of femoral nerve and external iliac vessel injury. However, the safety and efficacy of this technique have yet to be systematically scrutinized. This study outlines a proposed protocol for a network meta-analysis that investigates the efficacy of MIIA for anterior pelvic ring fracture.

Methods:
This study will utilize both Chinese and English language databases. All randomized controlled trials studying the use of MIIA for anterior pelvic ring fracture from January 2016 to May 2021 will be incorporated. Researchers will screen for literature that fits the inclusion criteria, followed by an assessment of risk bias and, finally, data extraction.

Results:
The Bayesian network meta-analysis will be used to evaluate all available Stata 14.0 and WinBUGS software.

Conclusion:
Our research aims to uncover the clinical utility of the MIIA approach for anterior pelvic ring fractures.

Ethics and dissemination:
Not required

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY2021110020.
Primary pharyngeal synovial sarcoma in a pediatric patient
Authors: Bae Yun Jung , Kim Hyojin , Cha Wonjae , Choi Byung Se 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Synovial sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that typically originates from the soft tissue of the extremities. The occurrence of primary pharyngeal synovial sarcoma is even rarer, and few studies have reported its radiological features. Here, we report a case of pediatric primary pharyngeal synovial sarcoma and describe the conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with pathologic correlation.

Patient concerns:
An 11-year-old girl presented to the otolaryngologic clinic with dysphagia.

Diagnosis:
Laryngoscopy revealed a large mass in the oropharynx. MRI revealed a well-defined soft tissue mass with a maximal diameter of approximately 5 cm originating from the submucosal space of the oropharynx. The mass was primarily solid and showed homogeneous contrast-enhancement. The mass was hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. The mass showed a homogeneously low apparent diffusion coefficient value on diffusion-weighted imaging, which indicated high tumor cellularity. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI revealed a hypovascular tumor with low values of the volume transfer constant between the extracellular extravascular space and blood plasma and blood plasma volume per unit tissue volume. Amide proton transfer-weighted MRI revealed a relatively high amide proton transfer signal in the tumor, indicating a high protein/peptide component. The patient underwent partial surgical resection of the tumor, and the diagnosis of biphasic synovial sarcoma was confirmed on postoperative pathological examination.

Intervention:
The patient was started on chemotherapy with vincristine, ifosfamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide.

Outcomes:
The tumor did not respond to the 3 cycles of the chemotherapy. Thus, the patient underwent second surgery and subsequent radiation therapy. The patient is now under ifosfamide/carboplatin/etoposide chemotherapy.

Lesson:
Synovial sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric oropharyngeal submucosal tumors. Multimodal MRI may aid diagnosis, although the final diagnosis should be based on the postoperative pathological examination findings.
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone in a subject with galactorrhea and menstrual disorder and undergoing infertility treatment
Authors: Kaneto Hideaki , Kamei Shinji , Tatsumi Fuminori , Shimoda Masashi , Kimura Tomohiko , Obata Atsushi , Anno Takatoshi , Nakanishi Shuhei , Kaku Kohei , Mune Tomoatsu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (SITSH) is a rare cause of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are usually normal or high, and triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels are usually high in subjects with SITSH.

Patient concern:
A 37-year-old woman had experienced galactorrhea and menstrual disorder for a couple of years before. She had undergone infertility treatment in 1 year before, hyperthyroidism was detected and she was referred to our institution.

Diagnosis:
She was suspected of having SITSH and was hospitalized at our institution for further examination. The data on admission were as follows: FT3, 4.62 pg/mL; FT4, 1.86 ng/dL; TSH, 2.55 μIU/mL. Although both FT3 and FT4 levels were high, TSH levels were not suppressed, which is compatible with SITSH. In addition, in brain contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, nodular lesions were observed in the pituitary gland with a diameter of approximately 10 mm. In the thyrotropin-releasing hormone load test, TSH did not increase at all, which was also compatible with TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma. In the octreotide load test, the TSH levels were suppressed. Based on these findings, we diagnosed this subject as SITSH.

Interventions:
Hardy surgery was performed after the final diagnosis. In TSH staining of the resected pituitary adenoma, many TSH-producing cells were observed. These findings further confirmed the diagnosis of pituitary adenoma producing TSH.

Outcomes:
Approximately 2 months after the operation, TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels were normalized. Approximately 3 months after the operation, she became pregnant without any difficulty.

Lessons:
We should consider the possibility of SITSH in subjects with galactorrhea, menstrual disorders, or infertility. In addition, we should recognize that it is very important to repeatedly examine thyroid function in subjects with galactorrhea, menstrual disorder, or infertility.
Rapid identification of a pathogenic variant of PROS1 in a thrombophilic family by whole exome sequencing
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Huang Chen , Zhou Wei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Venous thrombosis remains a significant problem in modern days. Genetic factors contribute to a subset of patients with venous thrombosis. It is sometimes challenging to identify the underlying culprit in thrombophilic individuals based on traditional laboratory testing and Sanger sequencing.

Patient concerns:
A thrombophilic family presented with multiple venous thrombosis was examined.

Diagnoses:
Molecular genetic analysis revealed a pathogenic missense variant of the PROS1 gene. Based on this finding and clinical manifestations, a final diagnosis of protein S deficiency was made.

Interventions:
Whole exome sequencing (WES) of the proband was performed to identify disease-causing variants. Subsequently, Sanger sequencing was performed to validate the variant in the affected members.

Outcomes:
Using WES, we rapidly identified a proven pathogenic missense variant (c.1543C > T, p.Arg515Cys) in the sex hormone-binding globulin domain of PROS1, which was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The decreased level and activity of protein S caused by the variant explained the phenotypes of the family. Patients received rivaroxaban as a long-term anticoagulation therapy and achieved a good prognosis.

Lessons:
Our study suggests WES as a rapid search strategy to identify the genetic factors underlying thrombophilic disorders. Patients with venous thrombosis caused by PROS1 mutations could receive rivaroxaban as the first choice of anticoagulation therapy.
Efficacy and safety of Guhong injection for coronary heart disease
Authors: Che Sihua , Wang Meiling , Liu Le , Zhang Shumao , Shi Guijun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is considered one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing a serious threat to public health. Current therapeutic approaches for CHD mainly focus on drug therapy, coronary artery bypass grafting, and percutaneous coronary intervention. However, there still exist some problems including drug side effects, adverse cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention. Guhong injection is a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. Several clinical studies have shown that Guhong injection can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of CHD patients and improve clinical efficacy. However, there is no systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Guhong injection in treating CHD. Therefore, in this study we will plan to systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Guhong injection for CHD, providing a strong evidence-based medical reference for clinical use.

Methods:
The database search includes EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Database, Chinese Biomedical Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database. The retrieval time was from their inception to November 30, 2021. The main outcome indicators include the frequency, severity, and duration of angina pectoris attacks, electrocardiogram changes, and dose of nitroglycerin. The analysis software uses RevMan 5.3.

Results:
By collecting the existing evidence, the results of this study will systematically evaluate the effects of Guhong injection in the treatment of CHD.

Conclusion:
The results of this study will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of Guhong injection in the treatment of CHD.

INPLASY Registration number:
INPLASY2021120032.
Alzheimer disease effects of different stages on intestinal flora
Authors: Cheng Xunshu , Wang Haorui , Zheng Zhihuang , Feng Ke , Tang Saixue , Liu Yuanyuan , Chen Ke , Bi Chenhao , Gao Mingzhou , Ji Lijin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system that can be divided into 3 stages, according to the degree of cognitive impairment. The clinical manifestations are cognitive dysfunction and memory loss, impacting the daily activities of the affected individuals. In recent years, studies have demonstrated a relationship between intestinal flora and AD. However, no meta-analysis has documented the correlation between AD and intestinal flora, to the best of our knowledge. Herein, we sought to assess the correlation between different stages of AD and intestinal flora. A systematic and comprehensive understanding of this relationship is of great significance for developing prevention and treatment strategies against AD.

Methods:
A comprehensive search of the medical literature in Chinese and English language was performed in databases, such as PubMed, EBSCO, CNKI, web of science, WanFang, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases. Pre-defined search strategies were used to retrieve clinical studies of Alzheimer disease and gut microbiota. The included studies were independently analyzed by the 2 researchers who extracted the data. The quality of the data was evaluated according to the “Cochrane system evaluator manual.” Finally, Endnote and RevMan software were used for systematic regression and meta-analysis of evidence.

Results:
We documented the intestinal flora changes in the 3 stages of Alzheimer disease, according to currently available clinical evidence, and revealed the correlation between the abundance and diversity of flora and treatment efficacy. These findings are essential for developing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer disease.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY2021100093

Ethics and dissemination:
Since all data utilized in this systematic review and meta-analysis are published, ethical approval was not needed.
Environmental factors associated with gastric carcinogenesis
Authors: Kayamba Violet , Kelly Paul 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of review
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally. Several modifiable environmental factors have been linked to gastric carcinogenesis but in many cases, evidence is either weak or fragmented. In this review, we interrogate the latest evidence implicating environmental factors in the development of gastric cancer.

Recent findings
We are writing this review at a time when technological advancements are enabling scientists to effectively conduct large epidemiological studies with better tools for exposure estimations. We have highlighted risk factors that do not yet have enough evidence to be included as definite carcinogens in the International Agency for Research on Cancer monographs but have the potential for inclusion in the near future. Considered in our review are the links between gastric cancer and exposure to biomass smoke, particulate matter, occupational hazards and water contamination.

Summary
This review illustrates the need for vigilance as evidence linking gastric cancer to various environmental factors is mounting. Many of these factors are modifiable, allowing for preventive strategies that could further decrease the global burden of gastric cancer.
The adverse impact of COVID-19 on men's health
Authors: Dubin Justin M. , Bennett Nelson E. , Halpern Joshua A. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of review
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to devastating health outcomes across the world. Initially thought to primarily affect the respiratory system, there is now clear and abundant evidence that COVID-19 can impact upon the male genitourinary system and overall men's health. In this review article, we explore the potential mechanisms by which COVID-19 specifically affects men and we review the literature examining the adverse effects of the disease on men's health

Recent findings
Studies suggest that men are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 infection and death. COVID-19 infection has a negative impact on men's health including worsening semen parameters, potentially lower testosterone levels, and an increased risk of erectile dysfunction.

Summary
COVID-19 is a highly pathogenic virus that exerts adverse effects upon the male genitourinary system in myriad ways. The COVID-19 infection can impact serum testosterone, fertility, sexual function, and mental health. Fortunately, the COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective in preventing COVID-19 infection and many of these sequelae.
Considerations for Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Apheresis in a Low Body Weight Infant
Authors: Singh Suvir , Kakkar Shruti , Singh Karambir , Kumar Rajesh , Gupta Sonia 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) apheresis in infants (<10 kg body weight) requires specific precautions to prevent periprocedural complications.

Case Report:
A 9 month old child was diagnosed with high-risk neuroblastoma and planned for autologous stem cell transplantation after induction chemotherapy. We illustrate the precautions and technical details observed while performing PBSC collection in this patient.

Discussion:
Use of continuous flow devices, priming of apheresis circuits, appropriate flow rates and continuous monitoring can help to mitigate several procedure related complications.

Conclusions:
PBSC apheresis in infants (<10 Kg) is safe and feasible with appropriate precautions detailed above.
Emerging Frontline Leaders’ Voices in Response to COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Taha Asma A. , Zhang Zhenzhen , Driessnack Martha , Huntzicker James J. , Eisen Aaron M. , Bernstein Juliana , Chen Aiyin , Chandra Ravi A. , Drake Karen , Fung Alice , Ladkany Rand , LaVigne Brenda , Nardos Rahel , Sayama Christina , Tereshchenko Larisa G. , Wilson Brittany , Steckler Nicole A. 
Published: December 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected healthcare institutions, introducing new challenges for nurse leaders and their colleagues. However, little is known about how the pandemic has specifically affected the lives of these leaders and what methods and strategies they are using to overcome pandemic-related challenges.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the 2019 pandemic on emerging healthcare leaders and highlight methods and strategies they used to overcome pandemic-related challenges.

Methods
The participants in this study represent a diverse group of interprofessional healthcare faculty enrolled in a transformational leadership course (Paths to Leadership) when the pandemic first appeared. Three months into the pandemic, the leadership cohort was invited to participate in this qualitative study, exploring four questions: Q1: How have you transformed your working styles in response to the pandemic? Q2: How have you adjusted your personal life in response to the pandemic? Q3: How have you used leadership skills learned from Paths to Leadership during the pandemic? Q4: What lessons have you learned from the pandemic? Participant narratives were analyzed by a team of nurse researchers using conventional qualitative content analysis.

Results
Themes for Q1 (working styles) included shifted from face-to-face to telework, faced novel disease and decisions, worked more from home, and challenged to maintain contact with professional peers and team. Themes for Q2 (personal life) included accommodate adults working and children learning from home, looked for and found the positive, and continue to struggle. Themes for Q3 (leadership skills) included reflective practice, listening, holding, and reframing. Finally, themes for Q4 (pandemic lessons) included leadership, human connection, be prepared, taking care of ourselves, and connecting with nature.

Discussion
The 2019 pandemic brought hardships and opportunities to faculty members enrolled in an interprofessional transformational leadership course. In conjunction with this course, the pandemic provided a unique opportunity for participants to apply newly acquired relationship building, positive organizational psychology, and reframing skills during a time of crisis. Nursing leaders, whose educational offerings may be immediately “put to the test,” may find our lessons learned helpful as they develop strategies to cope with unanticipated future challenges.
Diaper Need as a Measure of Material Hardship During COVID-19
Authors: Shaffer Emma , Porter Sallie , Zha Peijia , Condon Eileen 
Published: December 2021

Background
Diaper need is a lack of reliable access to a sufficient quantity of diaper supplies. It is an essential pediatric social determinant of health measure that is useful for exploring the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on families of young children.

Objective
This study aimed to identify the predictors of diaper need and the associations between diaper need and psychosocial outcomes among underresourced families with neurodiverse children.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 129 caregivers of children aged 0–36 months who completed an online survey in early 2021, during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed a diaper need assessment, the Hunger Vital Signs Food Insecurity Screener, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Infant Behavioral Questionnaire subscale. Relationships were explored using independent-samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and multiple regression analyses.

Results
Seventy-six percent of caregivers reported some diaper need, and 87.6% reported food insecurity. Greater than one third (39.5%) reported high diaper need. Common mitigation strategies included using a towel or other cloth like a diaper, not using a diaper, and keeping the child in the same diaper for longer than usual. In multivariate modeling, food insecurity, household size, and parent age were significantly associated with high diaper need. Families experiencing food insecurity were 4.24 times more likely to experience high diaper need than food-secure families. High diaper need compared to low or no diaper need was associated with increased parent perceived stress.

Discussion
We found high levels of diaper need and food insecurity for families during the COVID-19 pandemic. The association of high diaper need and stress indicates an inadequate supply of diapers adversely affects parent stress. Nurses may consider including diaper need in social determinants of health screening and prioritize connecting families to appropriate resources.
Health Promotion, Functional Abilities, and Quality of Life Before and During COVID-19 in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Becker Heather , Stuifbergen Alexa K. , Lim Sungju , Kesler Shelli R. 
Published: December 2021

Background
Because multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease and many individuals with MS take disease-modifying drugs that suppress immune response, serious concerns have been expressed about the potential effect of COVID-19 on those with this chronic condition.

Objectives
The purpose of this research was to utilize the most recent 5 years of data from an ongoing longitudinal study of health promotion and quality of life (QoL) among people with long-standing MS to investigate changes across time in functional limitations, health promotion, and health-related QoL.

Methods
Participants are mailed an annual survey to complete about their health promotion, depressive symptoms, health status, social support, MS-related functional limitations, and QoL. Differences across time were analyzed with repeated measures of analysis of variances and planned contrasts.

Results
In 2021, the 141 participants had a mean age of 69 years and had been diagnosed with MS for 34 years, on average. Most had attended college, were married/partnered women, and reported adequate economic resources. Thirty-seven percent reported they were in poor to fair health. Physical activity and health responsibility scores decreased significantly during 2020–2021 compared with 2017–2019. Significant changes in depressive symptoms, social support, and functional limitation scores followed a different pattern, with the largest changes occurring between 2018 and 2019. QoL and other health promotion scores did not change significantly across time.

Discussion
The relatively small changes in health indicators revealed here suggest that older people with long-standing MS may have generally been able to maintain their health promotion, functional abilities, and QoL from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, nurses and other providers should support them to resume their physical activity and regular provider contact as COVID-19 restrictions are eased. The patterns observed here demonstrate the importance of examining changes across an extended period, rather than simply looking at 1 year before and 1 year after a major event, such as COVID-19. These findings can help nurses understand how to help their patients with chronic health conditions maximize their health as they move forward.