bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral, Neuroplasticity and Metabolic Effects of 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin Associated With Physical Activity in Mice
Authors: Lopes Priscilla Karla Fernandes , Engel Daiane , Martins Moises Silvestre de Azevedo , Bertolini Natalia Oliveira , Pereira Chrystian Araujo , Velloso Licio Augusto , Thomasi Sergio Scherer , de Moura Rodrigo Ferreira 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The search for strategies to develop resilience against metabolic and neuropsychiatric disorders has motivated the clinical and experimental assessment of early life interventions such as lifestyle-based and use of unconventional pharmacological compounds. In this study, we assessed the effects of voluntary physical activity and 7,8-Dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (DHMC), independently or in combination, over mice physiological and behavioral parameters, adult hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis, and neurotrophic factors expression in the hypothalamus. C57Bl/6J mice were submitted to a 29-day treatment with DHMC and allowed free access to a running wheel. We found that DHMC treatment reduced fasting blood glucose levels. Moreover, physical activity showed anxiolytic effect in the elevated plus maze task and DHMC produced additional anxiolytic behavior, evidenced by reduced activity during the light cycle in the physical activity group. Although we did not find any differences in hypothalamic or hippocampal adult neurogenesis, DHMC increased gene expression of VEGF, which was correlated to the reduced fasting glucose levels. In conclusion, our data emphasize the potential of physical activity in reducing development of neuropsychiatric conditions, such as anxiety, and highlights DHMC as an attractive compound to be investigated in future studies addressing neuropsychiatric disorders associated with metabolic conditions.
Image Alignment Using 2D Interpolation in the Frequency Domain for Class Averaging in Single-particle Cryo-EM
Authors: Wang Xiangwen , Lu Yonggang , Liu Jiaxuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy is a significant technique for recovering the 3D structure of proteins or other biological macromolecules from their two-dimensional (2D) noisy projection images taken from unknown random directions. Class averaging in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy is an important procedure for producing high-quality initial 3D models due to the existence of a high level of noise in the projection images. Image alignment is a fundamental step in the class averaging. Results: In this paper, an efficient image alignment algorithm using 2D interpolation in the frequency domain of images is proposed to improve the estimation accuracy of alignment parameters. The proposed algorithm firstly uses the Fourier transform of two projection images to calculate a discrete cross-correlation matrix and then performs the 2D interpolation around the maximum value in the cross-correlation matrix. The alignment parameters of rotation angles and translational shifts in the x-axis and y-axis directions between the two projection images are directly determined according to the position of the maximum value in the cross-correlation matrix after interpolation. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm and the K-medoids clustering algorithm are used to compute class averages for single-particle 3D reconstruction. Conclusions: Results on simulated data set show that the proposed algorithm can be used to compute the alignment parameters efficiently, and using the 2D interpolation can improve the estimation accuracy of the alignment parameters, which usually leads to a better 3D reconstruction result.
Micro-Injury Induces Hair Regeneration and Vitiligo Repigmentation Through Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Han Xiaofeng , Chang Li , Lin Mao , Qi Dongwei , Wang Yuyi , Liu Deming , Xu Wei , Zhong Julia Li , Diao Qingchun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Extrinsic injury can evoke intrinsic stimulation subquently initiate physiological repair process. Several kinds of injury have been studied to promote hair growth and skin pigmentation. In this study, we ask if proper injury could be employed to create local stimuli subsquently to induce hair regeneration and vitiligo repigmentation.Methods: We firstly manufactured a novel designed device to precisely control all micro-injury parameters. Then the most appropriate micro-injury extent was evaluated without over-damage to skin. The effects of micro-injury on hair regeneration and vitiligo repigmentation were examined by macroscopical observation, histological staining, gene and protein expression analysis.Results: We discover that proper micro-injury effectively induces hair regeneration by activating the hair follicle stem cell proliferation and migration downwards to hair matrix, finally shifting the hair follicle stage from telogen into anagen. On vitiligo model mice, micro-injury also induces the hair follicle melanocyte stem cell migrate upwards to interfollicular epidermis, activate and give rise to melanocytes to repopulate vitiligo lesion. Mechanism analysis indicates that the canonical Wnt/b-catenin pathway plays a key role in the micro-injury induced regeneration process. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that micro-injury has great potential in inducing hair regeneration and vitiligo repigmentation, laid a foundation to develop micro-injury based treatment method in alopecia and vitiligo.
A Rapid and Consistent Method to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Variants by RT-PCR
Authors: Fabiani Marco , Margiotti Katia , Sabatino Manuela , Viola Antonella , Mesoraca Alvaro , Giorlandino Claudio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic spread worldwide causing health, economic, and social distresses. Containment strategy relay on rapid and consistent methodology for molecular detection and characterization. The emerging variants of concern (VOCs) are currently associated with increased infectivity, and immune escape (natural defense mechanisms as well as a vaccine). Several VOCs has been detected and include lineage B.1.1.7 first identified in the UK, linage B.1.351 in South Africa, and lineage P.1 (B.1.1.28.1) in Brazil. Here we validated a rapid and low-cost technique to distinguish B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1 SARS-CoV-2 variants by detecting Spike gene mutations using RT-PCR methodology. Results: We recruited 77 positive patients affected by Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19). Specific Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed targeting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to screen Spike protein mutations. All data were validated by next generation sequencing (NGS) methodology and using sequence from a public database.Among 77 COVID-19 positive samples we could discriminate with 100% of concordance all the investigated SARS-CoV-2 variants when comparing with NGS method.Conclusions: PCR-based assays for identification of circulating VOCs of SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a rapid method to identify the specific SARS-CoV-2 variants allowing a better survey of the spread of the virus and its transmissibility in the pandemic phase.
Protective effect of natural antioxidant Opuntia ficus-indica on ram semen quality stored at 5 °C for 72
Authors: ALLAI Larbi , Druart Xavier , Terzioğlue Pinar , Louanjli Noureddine , Nasser Boubker , Ozturk mehmet , AMIRI BOUCHRA EL 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Recently, researchers have focused on the use of natural antioxidants to improve semen quality as a key element for successful artificial insemination. In this context the first aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and composition (minerals, vitamins, and sugars) of Opuntia ficus-indica cladode ethanolic extract (ETHEX). A further purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ETHEX supplementation on the quality of liquid ram semen extended with skim milk (SM) at 5°C. The antioxidant activity of ETHEX was studied using DPPH• assay. The mineral composition and the sugar and vitamin contents of ETHEX were determined using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and HPLC-DAD-RID analytical instruments. As a second part, semen was collected from five Boujaâd rams with an artificial vagina. The ejaculates with more than 70 % motility were pooled, extended with skim milk (SM) extender without (control) or supplemented with 1–8 % of ETHEX (37°C; 0.8 × 109 sperm/mL). Sperm quality parameters were assessed at 8, 24, 48 and 72 h.
Results

The results showed that ETHEX had a higher antioxidant activity compared to those of ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Furthermore, ETHEX contains a considerable amount of minerals, vitamins, and sugars. The inclusion of 1 or 2 % ETHEX in SM increased the sperm motility, viability, membrane integrity and decreased the abnormality, spontaneous and catalyzed lipids peroxidation (P < 0.05) up to 72 h. In addition, semen diluted with 1 and 2 % ETHEX decreased the level of DNA fragmentation compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions

In conclusion the ETHEX could be recommended to improve the quality of liquid ram spermatozoa. However, its effects on sperm physiology and artificial insemination should be further studied.
Factors Associated with Parents’ Postnatal Sense of Security in China: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Tu Aiqing , Zeng Tieying , Yuan Mengmei , Zhang Ke , Chen Ye , Wang Xuejun , Huang Deqin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Parents’ postnatal sense of security is very important to the postnatal experience, and has a positive effect on parental role adaptation, the mental health of parents, marital relationship, and the parent-child relationship. This cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the status quo of Chinese parents’ postnatal sense of security within one week after delivery, and identify their related factors. Methods: Participants were recruited through the convenience samples methods in three grade-A tertiary hospitals in China. The Parents’ Postnatal Sense of Security (PPSS), the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Study-New Mother Form (RHDS-NMF) (for mothers), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety (SAS) were administered between October 2020 and January 2021. Descriptive analysis was used to understand the status quo of parents' postnatal sense of security, one-way ANOVA or independent sample t-tests and enter-method multiple linear regression analysis were used to identify the influence factors, Pearson correlation were used to examine the correlation between the total scores of parents’ postnatal sense of security. Results: A total of 204 pairs of parents were recruited into this study. The mean total score on the mothers’ version of PPSS was 59.67 (SD = 7.95) and fathers’ version of PPSS was 42.91(SD = 5.18), Multiple linear regression analysis showed that factors of mothers’ postnatal sense of security included the relations with husband's parents, length of stay in hospital after delivery, knowledge from health care workers and the Internet, depression, discharge readiness, fathers’ postnatal sense of security, explained 73.3% of the variance (R2 = 0.733, F = 17.125, p < 0.001). Fathers’ postnatal sense of security was significantly associated with parenting confidence, knowledge from health care workers, depression, anxiety, and mothers’ postnatal sense of security, explained 62.7% of the variance (R2 = 0.627, F = 21.092, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The level of parents’ postnatal sense of security was upper-middle among Chinese parents. The study identified factors associated with parents’ postnatal sense of security that could be targeted for intervention to facilitate parents’ postnatal sense of security.
Global microRNA Expression Profiling of Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Embryos at Different Developmental Stages Produced by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer and in Vitro Fertilization Using Rna Sequencing
Authors: Goel Pallavi , Malpotra Shivani , Shyam Songyukta , Kumar Deepak , Singh Manoj Kumar , Palta Prabhat 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Despite the success of cloning technology in production of offspring across several species, its application on a wide scale is severely limited by the very low offspring rate obtained with cloned embryos. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression profile in cloned embryos throughout the embryonic development are reported to deviate from regular pattern. In present study, aimed at determining the dynamics of global expression of miRNA profile in cloned and IVF pre-implantation embryos at different developmental stages i.e 2-cell, 8-cell and blastocyst using next-generation sequencing. The results of this study suggested that there is a profound difference in the global miRNA profile between cloned and IVF embryos. These differences are manifested throughout the course of embryonic development. The cloned embryos differ from their IVF counterparts in the enriched GO terms of Biological Process, Molecular Function, Cellular Component and Protein Class categories in terms of the targets of differentially expressed miRNAs. The major pathways related to embryonic development such as Wnt signaling pathway, apoptosis signaling pathway, FGF signaling pathway, p53 pathway etc. were found to be affected in cloned relative to IVF embryos.
Microbial Community Structure Drives Predatory Myxobacteria Distribution Under Different Compost Manures
Authors: Dai Wei , Wang Ning , Wang Wenhui , Ye Xianfeng , Cui Zhongli , Wang Jieling , Yao Dandan , Wang Hui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Myxobacteria are unique predatory microorganisms with a distinct social lifestyle. The associated taxa play key roles in the microbial food webs in different ecosystems and regulate the community structures of soil microbial communities. Compared with conditions under conventional management, under organic conditions, myxobacteria abundance increases in the soil, which could be related to the presence of abundant myxobacteria in the applied compost manure. In the present study, high-throughput sequencing technologies were used to investigate the distribution patterns and drivers of predatory myxobacteria community distribution patterns in four common compost manures. According to the results, there was a significant difference in predatory myxobacteria community structure among different compost manure treatments (P < 0.05). The alpha-diversity indices of myxobacteria community under swine manure compost were the lowest (Observed OTU richness = 13.25, Chao1 = 14.83, Shannon = 0.61), and those under wormcast were the highest (Observed OTU richness = 30.25, Chao1 = 31.65, Shannon = 2.62). Bacterial community diversity and Mg2+ and Ca2+ concentrations were the major factors influencing myxobacteria distribution patterns under different compost manure treatments. In addition, pH, total nitrogen, and organic carbon influenced myxobacteria distribution in compost manure. The predator–prey relationship between prey bacteria and myxobacteria and the interaction between myxobacteria and specific bacterial taxa (Micrococcales) in compost manure could explain the influence of bacteria on myxobacteria community structure. Further investigations on the in-situ distribution patterns of predatory myxobacteria and the key bacteria influencing their distribution are would advance our understanding of the ecological distribution patterns and functions of predatory microorganisms in the microbial world.
Activated Pancreatic Stellate Cells Enhance the Warburg Effect to Cause the Malignant Development in Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Ye Tao , Feng Shao , Zheng Liu , Ming Cai , Futao Meng , Qiang Huang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a precancerous condition associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but its evolutionary mechanism is unclear. pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of CP and PDAC. We aimed to find out whether PSCs play a key role in this " inflammationcancer transition ". Methods: To evaluate the effect of activated pancreatic stellate cells on normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells and pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic stellate cells isolated from human tissues were co-cultured with these two cells, respectively. Functional assays assessed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of these two cells. RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of glycolytic enzymes in these two cells. Lactate production and glucose utilization assays assessed the aerobic glycolysis level of these two cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of glycolytic enzymes and α-SMA, and the correlation between the two was analyzed in human tissues. Results: Our research found that co-culture with activated PSCs promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells and pancreatic cancer cells. At the same time, activated PSCs had a significant effect on the expression of the glycolytic enzymes PKM2 and LDHA in normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells and pancreatic cancer cells and increased lactic acid production and glucose consumption in these two cells. In vivo experiments showed that the expression of the glycolytic enzymes PKM2 and LDHA in pancreatic duct epithelial cells and the marker protein (α-SMA) of activated PSCs in the pancreatic duct peripancreatic interstitium were higher in pancreatic cancer tissues and chronic pancreatitis tissues than in normal pancreatic tissues in both animals and humans. In addition, analysis of human tissue specimens showed that there is a correlation between the expression of PKM2/LDHA and α-SMA. Conclusion: These findings indicate that activated PSCs play an important role in the development and progression of chronic pancreatitis into pancreatic cancer by regulating and promoting aerobic glycolysis. Our research provides a new theoretical basis for further understanding the mechanism of CP malignancy and the selection of targets for reversing CP malignancy.
Hematological profile of children under five years with typhoid fever at Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Ringoringo Harapan Parlindungan , Wahyuni Indah Indriyah , Panghiyangani Roselina , Hartoyo Edi , Lao Rahmiati 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Typhoid fever is a disease caused by Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, B, C. An estimated 200,000 people die each year from about 21.6 million people infected with typhoid fever. This study aims to determine the hematological profile in typhoid fever cases in children under five at Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital. Methods: The research was carried out with a retrospective descriptive approach with a consecutive sampling technique. The research subjects were children under five diagnosed with typhoid fever recorded in the RSD Idaman Banjarbaru’s medical records for July 2018 to January 2019. Results: The sample consisted of 58 patients, 32 boys, and 26 girls. Most patients were found in 12 - <36 months, namely 28 (48.28%) children. Thirty-eight (65.52%) children have a normal weight. The hematological profile showed that 46.55% of the patients had iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Hematocrit levels decreased in 51.72% of patients. Erythrocyte levels in 86.21% of patients were normal. Low MCV, low MCH, IDA ​​were found in 46.55%, 36.21%, 46.55% of patients. Leukopenia was present in 17.24% of children. All patients had normal basophil values. Eosinopenia, band neutropenia, segmented neutropenia, lymphocytosis, monocytosis were found in 69.09%, 90.90%, 56.37%, 58.18%, 58.18% of children, respectively. Conclusion: This study shows that 46.55% of children under five with typhoid fever suffer from IDA. In addition, Eosinopenia and band neutropenia were found in 69.09%, 90.90% of children, respectively.
Multiple Control Assistive Wheelchair for Lower Limb Disabilities &amp; Elderly People
Authors: Chatterjee Sudipta , Roy Sahadev 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article presents a multiple control wheelchair to help individuals with lower-limb disabilities using advanced assistive technologies. A new control methodology of a multiple-controlled wheelchair (MCW) has been given here. The main feature of this assistive device is that it can navigate by following the user's eyesight. The proposed MCW can also be controlled using either joystick or the internet or a combination of all. This system uses multiple sensor networks to measure the terrain condition; users command and translate it into control action. The proposed control system runs on a Raspberry Pi, which can take an accurate turn and capable of controlling forward or backward motion. Raspberry Pi, camera module and sensors networks, etc., were all connected to the android mobile system, shortening the physical distance between the disabled person end and the supervisor end, and serial communication is used. Multiple-Layer system architecture with special control functions is built that uses android mobile interfacing to realize the automatic control and capture videos of the surrounding environment remotely. It is shown that the users can carry out all essential tasks with more control actions which improve the quality of traditional wheelchair.
Unravelling the Enigma of Hand Sanitizer In COVID-19 – A Bibliometric Analysis of Related Publications Over the Year
Authors: Samuel Elvis , Babu Almi , Arjunan Shanamitha , Mahanty Biswanath 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Alcohol-based sand sanitizers (ABHSs) are effective in controlling the spread of COVID-19 and has been integrated to our daily life since the onset of the outbreak. However, the sudden and unprecedented global induction of ABHSs has not been smooth, as conflicting reports continued to pour into the public domain, not all for good reason. This review, therefore, attempts to identify the emerging aspects of ABHSs in the era of COVID-19. Articles indexed in Scopus and PubMed on “hand sanitizer” published between January 2020 and February 2021, were screened based on PRISMA guidelines, and classified into different thematic groups. Selected articles on hand sanitizers (101) primarily echo “health hazard” (40, 39.6%) associated with accidental/intentional exposure, methanol toxicity, or occupational irritant contact dermatitis. Articles on “formulations” (23, 22.8%) and “efficacy” (18, 17.8%) mainly refer to alcoholic preparations, though a small subset of formulations has been actually been tested against SARS-Cov-2. Articles on semi-alcoholic, non-alcoholic, or even ayurvedic preparations have been implicated without a standardized efficacy report. Quality concern (12, 11.9%), and shortage (8, 7.9%) have also been reflected in publications during the pandemic. However, this representation is somewhat overinflated given that 28% of total articles are of review, editorial, letters, and not actual case studies. Many potential studies designed in the pandemic might not have reached to publication stage. However, the implication from existing studies on the use of ABHSs can still be useful to build better public awareness, and prioritize interventional strategies among stakeholders.