bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning Approach for the Prediction of Traumatic Brain Injury Induced Coagulopathy
Authors: Yang Fan , Peng Chi , Peng Liwei , Wang Jian , Li Yuejun , Li Weixin 
Published: December 2021

Background: Traumatic brain injury-induced coagulopathy (TBI-IC), is a disease with poor prognosis and increased mortality rate.Objectives: Our study aimed to identify predictors as well as develop machine learning (ML) models to predict the risk of coagulopathy in this population.Methods: ML models were developed and validated based on two public databases named Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV and the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). Candidate predictors, including demographics, family history, comorbidities, vital signs, laboratory findings, injury type, therapy strategy and scoring system were included. Models were compared on area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve.Results: Of 999 patients in MIMIC-IV included in the final cohort, a total of 493 (49.35%) patients developed coagulopathy following TBI. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) selected 15 variables, including international normalized ratio (INR), prothrombin time (PT), sepsis related organ failure assessment (SOFA), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), platelet (PLT), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW), creatinine (CRE), congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, sodium, and blood transfusion. The external validation in eICU-CRD demonstrated that adapting boosting (Ada) model had the highest AUC of 0.924 (95% CI: 0.902–0.943). Furthermore, in the DCA curve, the Ada model and the extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) model had relatively higher net benefits (ie, the correct classification of coagulopathy considering a trade-off between false- negatives and false-positives)—over other models across a range of threshold probability values.Conclusions: The ML models, as indicated by our study, can be used to predict the incidence of TBI-IC in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Diseases Detection of Occlusion and Overlapping Tomato Leaves Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Xuewei , Liu Jun , Liu Guoxu 
Published: December 2021

Background: In view of the existence of light shadow, branches occlusion, and leaves overlapping conditions in the real natural environment, problems such as slow detection speed, low detection accuracy, high missed detection rate, and poor robustness in plant diseases and pests detection technology arise.Results: Based on YOLOv3-tiny network architecture, to reduce layer-by-layer loss of information during network transmission, and to learn from the idea of inverse-residual block, this study proposes a YOLOv3-tiny-IRB algorithm to optimize its feature extraction network, improve the gradient disappearance phenomenon during network deepening, avoid feature information loss, and realize network multilayer feature multiplexing and fusion. The network is trained by the methods of expanding datasets and multiscale strategies to obtain the optimal weight model.Conclusion: The experimental results show that when the method is tested on the self-built tomato diseases and pests dataset, and while ensuring the detection speed (206 frame rate per second), the mean Average precision (mAP) under three conditions: (a) deep separation, (b) debris occlusion, and (c) leaves overlapping are 98.3, 92.1, and 90.2%, respectively. Compared with the current mainstream object detection methods, the proposed method improves the detection accuracy of tomato diseases and pests under conditions of occlusion and overlapping in real natural environment.
Cerebellar Functional Lateralization From the Perspective of Clinical Neuropsychology
Authors: Starowicz-Filip Anna , Prochwicz Katarzyna , Kłosowska Joanna , Chrobak Adrian Andrzej , Myszka Aneta , Bętkowska-Korpała Barbara , Kwinta Borys 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The cerebellar functional laterality, with its right hemisphere predominantly involved in verbal performance and the left one engaged in visuospatial processes, has strong empirical support. However, the clinical observation and single research results show that the damage to the right cerebellar hemisphere may cause extralinguistic and more global cognitive decline. The aim of our research was to assess the pattern of cognitive functioning, depending on the cerebellar lesion side, with particular emphasis on the damage to the right cerebellar hemisphere.Method: The study sample consisted of 31 patients with focal cerebellar lesions and 31 controls, free of organic brain damage. The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination ACE III and the Trail Making Test TMT were used to assess patients’ cognitive functioning.Results: Left-sided cerebellar lesion patients scored lower than controls in attention and visuospatial domain, but not in language, fluency, and memory functions. Participants with right-sided cerebellar lesion demonstrated a general deficit of cognitive functioning, with impairments not only in language and verbal fluency subscales but also in all ACE III domains, including memory, attention, and visuospatial functions. The TMT results proved that cerebellar damage is associated with executive function impairment, regardless of the lesion side.Conclusion: The cognitive profiles of patients with cerebellum lesions differ with regard to the lesion side. Left-sided cerebellar lesions are associated with selective visuospatial and attention impairments, whereas the right-sided ones may result in a more global cognitive decline, which is likely secondary to language deficiencies, associated with this lateral cerebellar injury.
Revisit the Effectiveness of Educational Kinesiology on Stress and Anxiety Amelioration in Kindergarteners With Special Needs Using Biological Measures
Authors: Tai Alan Pui-Lun , Lau Way Kwok-Wai 
Published: December 2021

Background: Educational kinesiology is a popular intervention that aims to improve brain functioning via physical movements. Yet, it lacks supporting scientific evidence and is regarded as pseudoscience. Given the popularity of educational kinesiology in school settings, it is important to revisit its effectiveness through scientific research. Previous studies that evaluated the effectiveness of educational kinesiology relied mainly on subjective measures, in which subjective bias is inevitable. Cortisol and oxytocin levels in saliva have been reported to be reliable stress and anxiety markers that provide unbiased objective data. This study explores the effect of educational kinesiology on the changes in salivary cortisol and oxytocin levels in kindergarteners with special needs.Methods: A quasi-experimental design was adopted in this study. Thirty-seven kindergarteners (3.5–6.5 years old) who were either diagnosed with one type of special needs or referred by school principals due to the requirement of special supports at school were assigned to either the intervention group, which received 1-h educational kinesiology intervention weekly for a total of 10 weeks, or the wait-list control group. Saliva samples were collected at baseline and after the completion of intervention programme for the measurement of cortisol and oxytocin levels. Scores of Parent-rated Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS-TC) were also collected at pre- and post-intervention. Because of the small samples, non-parametric tests such as Mann-Whitney U test, Quade test, and Fisher's exact tests were used in this study where appropriate.Results: After controlled for the effect at baseline, gender and types of special needs, the changes in oxytocin levels were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with control [F(1, 35) = 4.747, p = 0.036, eta2 = 0.119], whereas no significant between-group difference in changes of cortisol levels was observed [F(1, 35) = 0.306, p = 0.584, eta2 = 0.009]. Results from PAS-TC showed significant improvement in anxiety levels after the intervention in the intervention group (p = 0.048, ϕ = 0.344, p = 0.037).Conclusions: Our findings suggest a plausible anti-anxiety effect of educational kinesiology in kindergarteners with special needs by elevating the oxytocin levels. Future studies are warranted to further confirm our findings with a larger sample.
Help-Seekers in an Early Detection of Psychosis Service: The Non-cases
Authors: Lindhardt Line , Lindhardt Morten , Haahr Ulrik Helt , Hastrup Lene Halling , Simonsen Erik , Nordgaard Julie 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: Enhancing early help-seeking is important for early intervention in psychosis. However, knowledge is limited about those help-seekers who are not initially found to have psychotic symptoms when assessed in services aiming at psychosis detection and, thus, deemed ineligible for early intervention of psychosis programs. We aimed to examine clinical diagnostic and socioeconomic pathways of help-seekers accessing an early detection of psychosis service with referral-free access. Specific focus was on the help-seekers initially assessed not to have psychotic symptoms, considered the non-cases, and to examine potential differences and similarities between non-cases and cases (i.e., those initially assessed to have psychotic symptoms).Methods: We followed 450 help-seekers assessed by a free-of-referral early detection of psychosis team in national registers for up to 4 years. We examined clinical diagnoses and status of not in education, employment, or training (NEET) before and after contact with the team.Results: Of the non-cases, 46% were referred to mental health services by the early detection of psychosis team for evaluation of other mental disorders, and 15% of these were subsequently diagnosed with a non-affective psychotic disorder during follow-up of 12–52 months. Prior to current help-seeking, 39% (n = 174) of the help-seekers had had contact with other mental health services. Nearly a quarter of help-seekers were NEETs at the time of assessment; the number increased during follow-up, both for cases and non-cases. Of the cases, 58% were subsequently clinically diagnosed by mental health services. Those seeking help who had no previous contact with mental health services were more frequently diagnosed with a non-affective psychotic disorder during follow-up (p = 0.05).Conclusion: Referral-free services to promote early detection of psychosis seem a valuable add-on to established pathways, allowing early intervention in psychosis. Our results point to an unmet mental health service need among non-cases; overall, in our sample, independent of case status, social functioning was markedly affected. Our results have implications for future focus in early detection of psychosis. Offering intervention to non-cases within the service has the potential to be cost effective, e.g., if a timely and targeted intervention reduces repeated contacts in other mental health services and social services.
Correlates of Social Isolation Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Adepoju Omolola E. , Chae Minji , Woodard LeChauncy , Smith Kendra L. , Herrera Luz , Han Daikwon , Howard Daniel L. , Dobbins Jessica , Ory Marcia 
Published: December 2021

Background: The past year has severely curtailed social interactions among older adults given their high rates of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. This study examined social, behavioral, and medical correlates of social isolation among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and stratified findings to explore unique differences in two typically neglected populations, African American and Hispanic older adults.Methods: Working with community-based organizations and senior living centers, the research team administered a survey to older adults 55 years of age and older (n = 575). The survey assessed COVID-19 prevention behaviors, medical conditions, and lived experiences, including feelings of social isolation, in the target population. Responses to a previously validated social isolation question informed a dichotomous social isolation dependent variable. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for sociodemographic characteristics, medical conditions, unmet caregiving needs, and COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Results from the regression model were stratified by race/ethnicity to examine correlates of social isolation in African American and Hispanic older adults, separately.Results: Overall, female sex and a higher level of education were also positively associated with social isolation (OR = 2.46, p = 0.04; OR = 5.49, p = 0.02) while having insurance exhibited an inverse relationship (OR = 0.25, p = 0.03). Unmet caregiving needs were strongly associated with social isolation (OR = 6.41, p &lt; 0.001) as was having any chronic conditions (OR = 2.99, p = 0.02). Diabetes was the single strongest chronic condition predictor of social isolation. Among minority older adults, a different pattern emerged. For Hispanic older adults, language, unmet caregiving needs, and social distancing were strongly associated with social isolation; while unmet caregiving needs, having 1+ chronic conditions and adhering to social distancing guidelines were significant predictors in African American older adults.Conclusion: These findings suggest that social isolation affects older adults in a myriad of ways and support the need for culturally sensitive initiatives to mitigate the effect of social isolation in these vulnerable populations.
Impact of Coinfection With SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza on Disease Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guan Zhou , Chen Can , Li Yiting , Yan Danying , Zhang Xiaobao , Jiang Daixi , Yang Shigui , Li Lanjuan 
Published: December 2021

Background: Although coinfection with influenza in COVID-19 patients has drawn considerable attention, it is still not completely understood whether simultaneously infected with these two viruses influences disease severity. We therefore aimed to estimate the impact of coinfected with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza on the disease outcomes compared with the single infection of SARS-CoV-2.Materials and Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI) to identify relevant articles up to July 9, 2021. Studies that assessed the effect of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza coinfection on disease outcomes or those with sufficient data to calculate risk factors were included. Risk effects were pooled using fixed or random effects model.Results: We ultimately identified 12 studies with 9,498 patients to evaluate the risk effects of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza coinfection on disease severity. Results indicated that coinfection was not significantly associated with mortality (OR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.51, 1.43; p = 0.55, I2 = 76.00%). However, mortality was found significantly decreased in the studies from China (OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.39, 0.68; I2 = 26.50%), while significantly increased outside China (OR = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.12, 2.19; I2 = 1.00%). Moreover, a lower risk for critical outcomes was detected among coinfection patients (OR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.97; p = 0.04, I2 = 0.00%). Additionally, coinfection patients presented different laboratory indexes compared with the single SARS-CoV-2 infection, including lymphocyte counts and APTT.Conclusion: Our study revealed that coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza had no effect on overall mortality. However, risk for critical outcomes was lower in coinfection patients and different associations were detected in the studies from different regions and specific laboratory indexes. Further studies on influenza strains and the order of infection were warranted. Systematic testing for influenza coinfection in COVID-19 patients and influenza vaccination should be recommended.
Targeted Therapy Followed by Salvage Surgery and Adjuvant Therapy: A Promising Therapy for Lung Cancer With Malignant Pleural Effusion From a Case Report
Authors: Deng Han-Yu , Li Deyan , Ren Ying , Wang Ke , Tang Xiaojun 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Malignant pleural effusion was encountered in about 8–15% of lung cancer patients at initial cancer diagnosis. The optimal therapeutic strategies for lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) remain unclear.Case Description: In this study, we reported a case of lung cancer with MPE, which was successfully managed with a multidisciplinary therapeutic strategy. The patient initially received gefitinib for 4 months with excellent response and he underwent salvage thoracoscopic lobectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy. Pathological complete response was confirmed for the patient and he discontinued gefitinib but received 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy instead. The patient is still alive without disease progression for 62 months after surgery.Conclusions: Combining targeted therapy, salvage surgery, and adjuvant therapy may be a promising treatment strategy for lung cancer with MPE harboring oncogene-targeted mutations.
Curvature Measurement of Thin Plates with the Help of Digital Image Processing
Authors: Máté Péter , Szekrényes András 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The verification of different plate bending problems require a punctual measurement method of the bent shape. However, with a proper curvature measurement procedure the calculations can be made more accurate. This is due to the workaround this method provides by neglecting the inaccuracies of the beam theory and the tensile tests, measuring directly the function between the curvature and bending moment for a given sheet metal. The measurements in this paper are made with the help of a digital camera and telephotographic lens. The evaluations of these images are compared to the results obtained from the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. While the results regarding the curvature measurements have a significant deviation, the shape of the plate is in good agreement with the numerical calculations.
La encrucijada del Lawfare: entre la judicialización y mediatización de la política
Authors: León Castro Edizon 
Published: December 2021

Este artículo busca entender el Lawfare como término que define las implicaciones jurídicas y en los derechos de las personas que administran un Estado y que en la experiencia de América Latina fueron puestas en evidencia tras los llamados gobiernos del Socialismo del Siglo XXI. El ethos de dicha estrategia es el aprovechamiento mediático y la institucionalidad del Estado. Se exploran efectos de un Lawfare latinoamericano, que arranca en la mediatización de los procesos judiciales a través de medios de comunicación (tradicionales y digitales), y que concluye en la supuesta materialización de una ideología ligada al modelo económico, dentro del cual se plantea “recuperar el ejercicio del poder desde el Estado”. Se reflexiona sobre el maridaje entre lo judicial y lo mediático, a partir de este objetivo común.

Palabras clave: Lawfare, mediatización, poder público y privado.
BUEN VIVIR, VIVIR BIEN O UBUNTU VS. MAL VIVIR DESDE UNA VISIÓN AFRODESCENDIENTE EN ECUADOR
Authors: Antón Sánchez John 
Published: December 2021

La Constitución ecuatoriana del 2008, define que el desarrollo del país deberá ser orientado por el Buen Vivir o del Sumak Kawsay (art. 257). Esta es una idea movilizadora que ofrece alternativas a los problemas del desarrollo tanto del país como de la humanidad. El Buen Vivir es un modelo distinto al desarrollo occidental. Está basado en los planteamientos de los pueblos andinos y amazónicos, y es tomado como objetivo central de la política pública del Estado. Este artículo propone una introducción a la comprensión del concepto de buen vivir desde la visión del pueblo afroecuatoriano, que bien pudiera llamarse Ubuntu.
Módulo didáctico para controlar nivel y caudal de agua, mediante sistema SCADA, PLC y algoritmo PID
Authors: Cedeño Rogger Andrade 
Published: December 2021

In this project, design and construction of an educational module has been carry out, allowing understand in a practical way, the concepts related to: control system, instrumentation, actuator, programmable logic controller, SCADA system and control algorithm. Module’s principal components are main tank, reserve tank, piping system, fittings, differential pressure transducer, turbine flowmeter, rotameter, control valve, solenoid valves, servovalve, centrifugal pump, PLC and a personal computer (PC). With this, automatic flow and water level control were achieve, through the implementation of a PID control algorithm. In the end, operation tests have been perform, generating changes in set point, and generating disturbances, to observe the response of the process and assess the control system.

Keywords — control system, instrumentation, flow control, level control, PLC, SCADA, PID controller
СУСПІЛЬНА СВІДОМІСТЬ ПІД ВПЛИВОМ МАНІПУЛЯТИВНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Требін М. 
Published: December 2021

У статті проаналізовано вплив маніпулятивних технологій на суспільну свідомість. Визначено особливості маніпулятивних технологій: наявність суб’єкта, зацікавленого в маніпулюванні; спрямованість на духовну, психологічну складові людської особистості, суспільну свідомість у цілому; приховування справжніх цілей маніпулятора; наявність широкого арсеналу методів і технологій маніпулювання; вплив не тільки на сферу свідомого, але й на сферу несвідомого; управління ставленням об’єкта маніпуляції до предметів і явищ навколишнього світу в заданому руслі; встановлення контролю над думками, почуттями, поведінкою, стосунками й життєвими установками об’єкта маніпуляції; навмисне спотворення фактів дійсності; деструктивність.
Доведено, що феномен маніпулювання ‑ векторний процес, що здійснюється або безпосередньо, або через ЗМІ. Проаналізовано технології маніпулятивного впливу, їх стратегії, тактики та правила. Виокремлено деякі прийоми маніпулювання суспільною свідомістю: використання стереотипів, які формують уявлення соціального об’єкта у спрощеному схематичному вигляді; підміна імен, назв, насадження штампів і «наклеювання» ярликів; обмін повідомленнями напівправдивого характеру; посилання на чийсь анонімний авторитет, на чиюсь фахову думку; "спіраль замовчування", або маніпуляції з опитуванням громадськості; відволікання уваги на щось незначне; принцип застосування контрастів; створення асоціацій; інформаційна блокада "невигідної" інформації тощо.
Як механізм, що захищає суспільство від деструктивного впливу маніпулятивних технологій, запропоновано метод формування в масовій свідомості своєрідних "фільтрів", що дозволяють розпізнавати маніпуляцію. Цей метод ґрунтується на просвітницько-освітній діяльності: доведення до населення інформації про стратегії, тактики, методи, форми, можливі наслідки як явних, так і прихованих впливів на масову свідомість.