bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of high-performance work practices on organizational citizenship behaviour: the mediating role of affective commitment
Authors: Pattnaik Subash Chandra , Sahoo Rashmita 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThis study examines how high-performance work practices (HPWPs) influence organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and the mediating role of employee affective commitment (AC) in this relationship in a non-Western context such as India.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a survey research design. Taking a sample of 503 employees of a large manufacturing organization in India, the primary data are analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Andrew Hayes' PROCESS macro.FindingsThe findings indicate that employee perceptions of HPWPs positively relate to OCB. The mediating role of employee AC in the relationship is also found. These findings imply that positive perceptions of employees towards HPWPs create AC in employees and which, in turn, results in OCB.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focuses on a single organization, which limits its generalizability and recommends future researchers to conduct a broad-based study. The study is also limited by its research design and cross-sectional data for establishing causality on a firmer footing.Originality/valueThe study examines the influence of HPWPs on OCB with AC as a mediating variable in a non-Western setting such as India and makes a departure from the earlier ones in that it considers perceptions of employees towards HPWPs rather than managerial reporting of their actual use. Findings of the research take the debate a step further in understanding the mechanism of the relationship.
Amazon Go convenience stores: skip the lines
Authors: Furnelli Anthony 
Published: June 2021

Theoretical basis
This compact case study uses the marketing mix (product, price, place and promotion) and customer segmentation/targeting as theoretical platforms for the Amazon Go business concept. It reinforces the idea that these are important aspects in developing a successful marketing strategy especially when they are aligned with the core competencies of a firm. Additional concepts include localization strategy, loyalty and Maslow’s hierarchy. Localization focuses on merchandising and local partnerships. Customer loyalty is discussed in the context of loyalty programs and consumer trust. Maslow’s hierarchy is used as a way to connect the pandemic and safety concerns to the offline retail experience.

Research methodology
This case was developed from secondary sources readily available in the public domain including websites, news articles and social media sites. This case has been taught in undergraduate marketing management courses.

Case overview/synopsis
In 2018, Amazon opened high tech convenience stores across a number of metropolitan cities in the USA offering a checkout-free experience for customers. This case evaluates the marketing aspects of the move including industry structure, store format and customer loyalty. The underlying question is how will Amazon, the company that pioneered online shopping, perform in an offline retail marketplace that is highly competitive? Will Amazon be able to leverage its massive technology power and shake up offline retail? Will changing market forces caused by the pandemic reshape retail as we know it?

Complexity academic level
This case should be used in a marketing management course or a retailing course for undergraduate students. Applicable concepts include competitive advantage, marketing mix, customer loyalty and retailing in a digital world. This case could also be used to discuss or compare the differences between online and offline brand leadership.
The Historical Reconstruction of Greater Tzeltalan (Mayan) Vowel Assimilation and Vowel Raising Patterns
Authors: Mora‐Marín David F. , Frazier Melissa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the phenomenon of vowel assimilation at a distance in di‐ and trisyllabic roots and stems in the Greater Tzeltalan languages of the Mayan language family. The study focuses on changes undergone in disyllabic and trisyllabic roots and stems, characterized by either anticipatory or perseverative vowel assimilation, and discusses the historical scenarios relevant to their reconstruction to the various relevant stages (Proto‐Greater Tzeltalan, Proto‐Ch’olan, Proto‐Tzeltalan), as well as likely cases of diffusion between Ch’olan into Tzeltalan. In addition, the paper also considers the question of vowel raising in Ch’olan, i.e. the so‐called *oo > u and *ee > i shifts, identified by Kaufman and Norman and reexamined by Brown and Wichmann. We posit a series of phonetic blocking conditions, and we argue that most cases can be accounted for as examples of suffix‐controlled vowel assimilation. It is also shown that the presence of certain typical suffixes with low or mid vowels can account for the etyma that did not experience the shifts.
Implementation science for dietitians: The ‘what, why and how’ using multiple case studies
Authors: Young Adrienne M. , Hickman Ingrid , Campbell Katrina , Wilkinson Shelley A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimImplementation science theories, models and frameworks help to address evidence‐practice gaps, which have increasing importance for dietetic practice. This paper aims to provide dietitians with insight into how implementation science can be applied to practice, using multiple ‘real‐life’ case studies.MethodsThree case studies were purposively selected across areas of dietetics practice to demonstrate application of commonly‐used implementation theories, models and frameworks. Reflections from the authors were provided in response to a structured set of questions outlining how the theoretical approach was selected and used, and considerations for future application. Within and cross‐case analysis was undertaken.ResultsDietitians used diverse implementation theories, models and frameworks to identify barriers and enablers, to plan for implementation, and to guide the selection of implementation strategies. Implementation theory was used to evaluate the implementation process in one case study. Cross‐case analysis identified that mentoring by those with implementation expertise, multidisciplinary implementation teams, and leadership and investment in research and translation at an organisational and departmental level as key enablers.ConclusionsThis paper offers dietitians insight into how implementation science can be applied to improve the uptake of evidence‐based practices within nutrition and dietetics, and suggests that there needs to be investment in implementation science as a foundation science within nutrition and dietetics, including education, training and mentoring for dietitians.
Familial aggregation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis with other autoimmune diseases: Impact on clinical characteristics, disease activity status and disease damage
Authors: Al‐Mayouf Sulaiman M. , Alrasheedi Abeer , Almsellati Iman , Hashad Soad , Khawaja Khulood , Abdwani Reem , AlHashim Samia , Muzaffer Mohammed , Lotfy Hala , Almutairi Nora 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of family history of autoimmune diseases (FHADs) on the clinical characteristics and outcome of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed children with JIA seen in 7 pediatric rheumatology clinics from 6 Arab countries. All included patients met the International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification criteria for JIA and had a disease duration greater than 1 year. Data were collected at the last follow‐up visit and comprised clinical findings, including FHADs. Disease activity and disease damage were assessed by Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report, and juvenile arthritis damage index (JADI) respectively. Disease activity was categorized as remission off treatment, remission on treatment, or active disease.ResultsA total of 349 (224 females) JIA patients with a disease duration of 5 (interquartile range 2.9‐7.5) years were included. The most frequent JIA categories were polyarticular JIA and oligoarticular JIA, followed by systemic JIA. There were 189 patients with FHADs and 160 patients without FHADs. The most frequent FHADs were diabetes mellitus (21.2%), JIA (18.5%), rheumatoid arthritis (12.7%). Among patients with FHADs, 140/189 (74.1%) achieved clinical remission, while 131/160 (81.9%) patients without FHDs had clinical remission (odds ratio [OR] = 1.2, 95% CI 0.97‐1.5). Rate of consanguinity, enthesitis‐related arthritis (ERA) and psoriatic arthritis were higher in patients with FHADs (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4‐0.9 and OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.1‐1.4). Also, articular JADI correlated significantly with presence of FHADs (OR = 1.1, 95% CI 1.0‐1.1).ConclusionThis study shows that autoimmune diseases cluster within families of patients with JIA with a high proportion of ERA and psoriatic arthritis. JIA patients with FHADs are likely to have more disease damage.
Cryptic metabolisms in anoxic subseafloor sediment
Authors: Garber Arkadiy I. , Ramírez Gustavo A. , McAllister Sean M. , Orsi William , D'Hondt Steven 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMicrobial gene expression in anoxic subseafloor sediment was recently explored in the Baltic Sea and the Peru Margin. Our analysis of these data reveals diverse transcripts encoding proteins associated with neutralization of reactive oxygen species, including catalase, which may provide an in situ source of oxygen. We also detect transcripts associated with oxidation of iron and sulfur, and with reduction of arsenate, selenate and nitrate. Given limited input of electron acceptors from outside the system, these results suggest that the microbial communities use an unexpectedly diverse variety of electron acceptors. Products of water radiolysis and their interactions with sediment continuously provide diverse electron acceptors and hydrogen. Cryptic microbial utilization of these oxidized substrates and H2 may be an important mechanism for multi‐million‐year survival under the extreme energy limitation in subseafloor sediment.
Young breast cancer and the influence of ethnicity in Sandakan: A 3‐year retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wong Wei Jin , Zainudin Syaza Putri , Koo Yee Hoong , Ho Kah Yee , Lee Zhong Jie , Wong Kwong Hui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionBreast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in Malaysia, with incidence increasing with age. There have been demonstrated differences in age of presentation and tumour biology when comparing ethnicities. Twenty percent of Caucasian women present before 50 years old, but almost 50% of Southeast Asian (SEA) women present before 50. However, BC in Indigenous sub‐groups has not yet been studied. Sandakan is a city in Sabah with a large Indigenous population. Current nationwide screening guidelines are based on the U.S. Preventive Task Force 2009 Guidelines, which may not represent our population. We aim to examine the age of incidence for our local population, for local screening recommendations.MethodRetrospective cross‐sectional study, including all consecutive cases of epithelial invasive tumours, from January 2016 to December 2018. Other histological types were excluded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.ResultA total of 115 breast tumours were identified. Ten tumours were excluded (five ductal carcinoma in situ, four phyllodes, and one sarcoma), leaving a study population of 105 patients. Median age of presentation was 53 years (min 30; max 97). A total of 41.9% presented before the age of 50. Patients of Indigenous ethnic origins were 11 years younger at presentation than non‐Indigenous women. Tumour grade was more likely to be higher among Indigenous women.ConclusionMedian age of presentation of BC in Sandakan matches regional data; however, patients of Indigenous ethnic groups present even earlier. Screening guidelines should consider the growing evidence of young BC in SEA.
Comparison of weekly methotrexate regimen versus methotrexate folinic acid 8‐day regimen for treatment of low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
Authors: Korkmaz Vakkas , Sunar Veli , Akar Serra , Alinca Cihat Murat , Arik Zafer , Boran Nurettin , Ozdal Bülent , Ustun Yaprak Engin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimWe aimed to compare weekly methotrexate (MTX) regimen and methotrexate‐folinic acid (MTX‐FA) 8‐day regimen in the first line treatment of low‐risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).MethodsThe study included 73 patients with low‐risk GTN according to FIGO risk score (FIGO risk score < 7). All patients received either weekly MTX (30–50 mg/m2 intramuscular weekly) or MTX‐FA 8‐day (MTX 1 mg/kg IV on day 1, 3, 5, and 7, FA 15 mg orally on day 2, 4, 6, and 8 given 24 h after each MTX dose, every 14 days) regimens in the first‐line treatment of low‐risk GTN. The baseline clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe median age of all patients was 29 (18–51) years, and the median FIGO risk score was 3 (1–6). Of the patients recruited, 53 received MTX‐FA 8‐day, and 20 had MTX weekly regimens. There was a significant difference between the two groups with respect to FIGO risk scores (3 [1–6] vs. 2 [1–5], p = 0.023, MTX‐FA 8‐day vs. MTX weekly, respectively). The complete response rate was significantly higher in MTX‐FA 8‐day group compared to MTX weekly group (83% [44/53] vs. 60% [12/20] p = 0.038). In univariate and multivariate regression analyses, only presence of lung metastasis was found to be an independent risk factor for treatment resistance (OR: 3.959, 95% CI 1.105–14.179, p = 0.035).ConclusionMTX‐FA 8‐day regimen is more effective than weekly MTX regimen in the first line treatment of low‐risk GTN including patients even with higher FIGO risk scores. Treatment resistance may develop especially in patients with lung metastasis.
Two‐year outcomes from the Australian and New Zealand Emergency Laparotomy Audit‐Quality Improvement pilot study
Authors:   The ANZELA‐QI Working Party, James Aitken R. , Griffiths Ben , Van Acker Jill , O'Loughlin Edmond , Fletcher David , Treacy John P. , Watters David , Babidge Wendy J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the Australian and New Zealand Emergency Laparotomy Audit‐Quality Improvement (ANZELA‐QI) pilot study was to determine (i) the outcomes of emergency laparotomy (EL) and (ii) the feasibility of a national, multi‐disciplinary quality improvement (QI) project based on a bundle of evidence‐based care standards.MethodsAn online database was created using the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) programme. National ethics approval with waiver of consent was obtained. Data were entered directly onto REDCap and extracted monthly for eight care standards (preoperative consultant radiologist reporting of computed tomography scans, preoperative mortality risk score, consultant presence in theatre, timely access to theatre and critical care commensurate with risk and involvement of aged care). Monthly QI run charts using ‘traffic’ light graphics (green ≥80%, amber ≥50% to <80% and red <50%) reported compliance with the standards.ResultsSixty hospitals indicated interest, but difficulties with site‐specific ethics approval resulted in only 24 hospitals participating (2886 EL in 2755 patients). The overall in‐hospital mortality was 7.1% (2.3%–13.3%) and average length of stay 15.5 (8.6–22.7) days. Both significantly declined. Preoperative risk assessment (overall 45%) improved almost three‐fold during the study. Only 60% had timely access to theatre and only 70% with a predicted mortality risk of >10% were admitted to critical care.ConclusionOverall mortality compared favourably with similar international studies and declined in association with participation in the audit. Compliance with some care standards shows considerable scope to improve EL care using QI methodology.
Non‐parametric depth‐based tests for the multivariate location problem
Authors: Dehghan Sakineh , Faridrohani Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2021

SummaryIn this paper, using the notion of data depth, we describe two classes of affine invariant test statistics for the one‐sample location problem. The tests are implemented through the idea of permutation tests. The performance of the test against some competitors is investigated with an extensive simulation study. It is observed that the tests perform well when compared to their competitors for a wide spectrum of alternatives. If the proposed test is defined based on a moment‐free depth function, then it is not inherently required to have finite moments of any order and the tests have broader applicability than some of the existing tests. The robustness property of the proposed tests is considered with a simulation study. Finally, we apply the tests to a real data example.
Is there a social justice to dentistry’s social contract?
Authors: Holden Alexander C L , Quiñonez Carlos R 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHow should the dental profession of the 21st century frame its interactions with the society it is tasked to care for? What has this relationship looked like in the past, and what does it look like today? In this article, we examine these and other issues through the framework of the social contract, with a focus on exploring how social justice fits within the transaction of duties between the dental profession and society. We begin by describing the social contract and how this is uniquely defined within the context of dentistry; specifically, how the context of dentistry as, in part, an aesthetically driven discipline, impacts the social contract. We then consider how the nature of the profession’s relationship with society, and the orientation by which it provides its services (which is sometimes critically unclear in its definitional terms), impacts the profession’s contribution to ensuring social justice in oral health and oral healthcare. Through examining the nature of how the social contract has shifted (for example, by the attenuation of professional monopolies), we also ask whether this is evidence of a loss of confidence in the dental profession as an altruistic institution. We end by suggesting that the dental profession must engage with the tenets of social justice within the social contract. Failure to do so is likely to lead to erosion of dentistry as a high‐status profession and societal willingness to seek solutions to oral health needs from other professional and non‐professional sources.
Another look at regression analysis using ranked set samples with application to an osteoporosis study
Authors: Faraji Nasrin , Jafari Jozani Mohammad , Nematollahi Nader 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStatistical learning with ranked set samples has shown promising results in estimating various population parameters. Despite the vast literature on rank‐based statistical learning methodologies, very little effort has been devoted to studying regression analysis with such samples. A pressing issue is how to incorporate the rank information of ranked set samples into the analysis. We propose two methodologies based on a weighted least squares approach and multilevel modeling to better incorporate the rank information of such samples into the estimation and prediction processes of regression‐type models. Our approaches reveal significant improvements in both estimation and prediction problems over already existing methods in the literature and the corresponding ones with simple random samples. We study the robustness of our methods with respect to the misspecification of the distribution of the error terms. Also, we show that rank‐based regression models can effectively predict simple random test data by assigning ranks to them a posteriori using judgment poststratification. Theoretical results are augmented with simulations and an osteoporosis study based on a real data set from the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) program of Manitoba to estimate the BMD level of patients using easy to obtain covariates.
Addressing patient heterogeneity in disease predictive model development
Authors: Gao Xu , Shen Weining , Ning Jing , Feng Ziding , Hu Jianhua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses patient heterogeneity associated with prediction problems in biomedical applications. We propose a systematic hypothesis testing approach to determine the existence of patient subgroup structure and the number of subgroups in patient population if subgroups exist. A mixture of generalized linear models is considered to model the relationship between the disease outcome and patient characteristics and clinical factors, including targeted biomarker profiles. We construct a test statistic based on expectation maximization (EM) algorithm and derive its asymptotic distribution under the null hypothesis. An important computational advantage of the test is that the involved parameter estimates under the complex alternative hypothesis can be obtained through a small number of EM iterations, rather than optimizing the objective function. We demonstrate the finite sample performance of the proposed test in terms of type‐I error rate and power, using extensive simulation studies. The applicability of the proposed method is illustrated through an application to a multicenter prostate cancer study.
Targeting sphingosine kinase‐1 with the low MW inhibitor SKI‐5C suppresses the development of endometriotic lesions in mice
Authors: Rudzitis‐Auth Jeannette , Christoffel Anika , Menger Michael D. , Laschke Matthias W. 
Published: June 2021

Background and PurposeLimited evidence suggests that the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate/sphingosine kinase 1 (S1P/SPHK1) signalling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Therefore, we analyzed in this study whether the inhibition of SPHK1 and, consequently, decreased levels of S1P affected the vascularization and growth of endometriotic lesions.Experimental ApproachEndometriotic lesions were surgically induced in the peritoneal cavity and the dorsal skinfold chamber of female BALB/c mice. The animals received a daily dose of the SPHK1 inhibitor SKI‐5C or vehicle (control). Analyses involved the determination of lesion growth, cyst formation, microvessel density and cell proliferation within peritoneal endometriotic lesions by means of high‐resolution ultrasound imaging, caliper measurement, histology and immunohistochemistry. In the dorsal skinfold chamber model the development of newly formed microvascular networks and their microhemodynamic parameters within endometriotic lesions were investigated by means of intravital fluorescence microscopy.Key ResultsSKI‐5C significantly inhibited the development and vascularization of peritoneal endometriotic lesions, as indicated by a reduced growth and cyst formation, a lower microvessel density and a suppressed cell proliferation, when compared to vehicle‐treated controls. Endometriotic lesions in dorsal skinfold chambers of SKI‐5C‐treated animals exhibited a significantly smaller lesion size, lower functional microvessel density, smaller microvessel diameters and a reduced blood perfusion of the newly developing microvascular networks.Conclusions and ImplicationsSPHK1/S1P signalling promotes the establishment and progression of endometriotic lesions. The inhibition of this pathway suppresses the development of endometriotic lesions, suggesting SPHK1 as a potential novel target for future endometriosis therapy.