bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Performance Optimization of Double-Resonance Electronic Cooling Device with Three Electron Reservoirs
Authors: Ding Zemin , Qiu Susu , Chen Lingen , Wang Wenhua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new model of the three-electron reservoir energy selective electronic cooling device applying double-resonance energy filters is proposed by using finite time thermodynamics. The analytical formulas of the main performance parameters for the double-resonance three-electron reservoir cooling device are derived. The optimal cooling load and coefficient of performance of the cooling device varying with major structure design parameters are explored and the optimal operation regions are further determined. Moreover, detailed analyses are conducted to reveal the influences of center energy level difference, chemical potential difference, energy level width, energy spacing and the phonon transmission induced heat leakage on the optimal performance characteristics of the cooling device. Finally, a performance comparison is made between the double-resonance and single-resonance three-electron reservoir electronic cooling devices. It is shown that through reasonable structure design, the optimal performance characteristics of the double-resonance device can be controlled to be much higher than those of the single-resonance cooling device.
Evaluation of the pathophysiological role of Fetuin A levels in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Bayramoğlu Elvan , Çetinkaya Semra , Özalkak Servan , Kurnaz Erdal , Demirci Gülşah , Öztürk Hasan Serdar , Savaş-Erdeve Şenay , Aycan Zehra 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy, in which hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinism have both occurred. Fetuin-A, a natural inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, leads to insulin resistance. The aim was to evaluate the relationship between fetuin-A and hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinism and the role of fetuin-A in the pathophysiology of PCOS.

Methods
Thirty-eight cases with PCOS and 40 healthy adolescents were included in the study. PCOS and controls were divided into obese/non-obese subgroups. LH, FSH, total and free testosterone (TT, FT), SHBG, androstenedione, DHEAS were measured in patients with PCOS. Fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, AST, ALT, HsCRP, and fetuin levels of PCOS patients and healthy controls were also measured.

Results
Fetuin-A levels were higher in PCOS patients than in controls. In the obese-PCOS group, when compared to non-obese PCOS patients; the levels of SHBG and HDL were low while cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, HOMA-IR, FT, FAI, and HSCRP levels were high, but Fetuin-A levels were similar. In the obese-PCOS group, fetuin-A levels were higher than in obese-controls. HOMA-IR and fetuin-A levels were higher in non-obese PCOS patients than in non-obese controls. In the PCOS group, fetuin-A was positively correlated with TT, FT, FAI and androstenedione and negatively correlated with SHBG. Regression analysis demonstrated that FT, SHBG, and androstenedione significantly predicted fetuin-A levels (R2=54%). In non-obese PCOS patients and controls, fetuin-A was positively correlated with insulin and HOMA-IR.

Conclusions
These results suggest a relationship between androgen levels and fetuin-A in PCOS cases, independent of insulin resistance, and may shed light on further studies.
Clinical characteristics and outcome of hospitalized children and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic: data from a single center surveillance study in Egypt
Authors: Sherif Eman Monir , Elhenawy Yasmine Ibrahim , Matter Randa Mahmoud , Aly Hanan Hassan , Thabet Rasha Adel , Fereig Yasmeen Abdelaziz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and its acute complications. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes hospitalized during the first wave of the pandemic and the prevalence of new onset diabetes among patients with evidence of COVID-19 infection.

Methods
A single-center surveillance study included all patients with diabetes admitted to Children’s Hospital, Ain Shams University, in Egypt between May to August 2020. Data were collected to evaluate patients’ clinical and laboratory characteristics as well as their outcomes.

Results
Thirty-six patients were admitted during the study period. The mean age was 8.4 ± 3.8 years. Patients presented late to the emergency department with a mean delay of 3.05 ± 1.19 days from onset of symptoms. 34/36 patients presented in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), 50% presenting in severe DKA. Almost 81% of the patients were newly diagnosed. During the study period, SARS-CoV-2 PCR was found positive in four patients, COVID Ig M antibodies were positive in another two patients; all were symptomatic requiring ICU admission. Four patients showed a picture suggestive of the multi-inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C); cardiac affection was a constant feature.

Conclusions
The pandemic affected both the prevalence and severity of DKA among pediatric patients. The increased prevalence of severe DKA could be partly related to delayed hospital admission or the effect of COVID-19 in triggering DKA. Efforts should be done to continuously raise awareness about diabetes in children as well as the importance of seeking timely medical guidance.
The Hindu Kush–Karakorum and linguistic areality
Authors: Liljegren Henrik 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe high-altitude Hindu Kush–Karakoram region is home to more than 50 language communities, belonging to six phylogenies. The significance of this region as a linguistic area has been discussed in the past, but the tendency has been to focus on individual features and phenomena, and more seldom have there been attempts at applying a higher degree of feature aggregation with tight sampling. In the present study, comparable first-hand data from as many as 59 Hindu Kush–Karakoram language varieties, was collected and analyzed. The data allowed for setting up a basic word list as well as for classifying each variety according to 80 binary structural features (phonology, lexico-semantics, grammatical categories, clause structure and word order properties). While a comparison of the basic lexicon across the varieties lines up very closely with the established phylogenetic classification, structural similarity clustering gives results clearly related to geographical proximity within the region and often cuts across phylogenetic boundaries. The strongest evidence of areality tied to the region itself (vis-à-vis South Asia in general on the one hand and Central/West Asia on the other) relates to phonology and lexical structure, whereas morphosyntactic properties mostly place the region’s languages within a larger areal or macro-areal distribution. The overall structural analysis also lends itself to recognizing six distinct micro-areas within the region, lining up with geo-cultural regions identified in previous ethno-historical studies. The present study interprets the domain-specific distributions as layers of areality that are each linked to a distinct historical period, and that taken together paint a picture of a region developing from high phylogenetic diversity, through massive Indo-Aryan penetration and language shifts, to today’s dramatically shrinking diversity and structural stream-lining propelled by the dominance of a few lingua francas.
„Geh ruhig“: Die Rolle der Prosodie bei der Auflösung von Ambiguitäten
Authors: Pavlova Anna 
Published: April 2021

AbstractVocal pitch (also known as F0), pause and positioning of the sentence accent are closely related to the meaning of a statement. Although other elements of prosody can also be related to the meaning of the statement (e. g. timbre, speaking rate), in this paper only the three mentioned elements of prosody are considered in connection with the semantic interpretation. These three parameters are analyzed here individually or in connection with the meaning of potentially ambiguous statements in writing. In this way, the role of prosody in resolving ambiguities in written formulations is demonstrated, ambiguities that may lead to incorrect translations. The approach used for this research is „Analysis-by-introspection.” For better illustration of the differences in the meaning depending on the prosody, the translation method is used. Some translations come from the author of this paper; other translations are taken from some published books. For one or the other prosodic contour, semantic explanations are formulated. It is shown that prosodic topics play a major role in courses for foreign language learning, translation lessons and post-editing.
La pluralidad denominativa de la Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos a través de Twitter y YouTube
Authors: Cedillo Corrochano Carmen Mª 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Public Service Interpreting and Translation –PSIT– is a specialty of the studies of Translation and Interpreting that generates controversy in the specialized literature in its most basic defining aspects. For this reason, a reading of the literature will reveal a lack of consensus in its own conceptualisation; something essential for its social and professional knowledge/acknowledgment. Thus, this article will focus on the denominational plurality of the PSIT in Spain and will offer a quali-quantitative analysis of the names under which it is known in Spain and the use of these names in two of the most popular social media in Spanish society today: Twitter and YouTube.
High-efficiency and water-quenching-resistant Tb3+-based nanoparticles for single-particle imaging
Authors: Cai Zhiwang , Qin Yiru , Guo Xin , Tang Huan , Wang Meifeng , Zhao Xiaoyu , Xia Daoyu , Hu Yongjun , Zhan Qiuqiang , Wei Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The structure of the host lattice has a substantial influence on the optical properties of lanthanide-doped luminescent materials. Hexagonal-phase (β-phase) NaREF4 (RE = rare earth) is the most commonly used crystal structure for lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) owing to its high upconversion (UC) efficiency. In this work, we report, for the first time, that more efficient cooperative sensitization upconversion (CSU) can be achieved in cubic-phase (α-phase) NaREF4 UCNPs instead of their β-phase counterparts. With the passivation of an inert shell, the UC emission intensity of α-NaYbF4:Tb40%@CaF2 is 10.5 times higher than that of β-NaYbF4:Tb40%@NaYF4. We propose that the high-symmetry crystal structure of the α phase facilitates the formations of [Yb–Yb] dimers and [Yb–Yb–Tb] clusters, which are particularly beneficial for CSU. Moreover, we prove that such Tb3+-based UCNPs are almost impervious to water quenching because of the large energy gap (∼15,000 cm−1) that existed in Tb3+ between its lowest emit-ting level (5D4) and next low-lying level (7F0). Finally, their potential application for single-nanoparticle imaging has also been demonstrated. As expected, the α-core-shell UCNPs measured at the single-nanoparticle level are estimated to be 9-fold brighter than their β-core-shell counterparts. Importantly, the α-NaYbF4:Tb40%@CaF2 UCNPs offer exciting opportunities for realizing single-nanoparticle imaging at ultralow irradiance (30 W/cm2).
A novel approach on micropolar fluid flow in a porous channel with high mass transfer via wavelet frames
Authors: Kumbinarasaiah S. , Raghunatha K.R. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this article, we present the Laguerre wavelet exact Parseval frame method (LWPM) for the two-dimensional flow of a rotating micropolar fluid in a porous channel with huge mass transfer. This flow is governed by highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) are reduced to the nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using Berman's similarity transformation before being solved numerically by a Laguerre wavelet exact Parseval frame method. We also compared this work with the other methods in the literature available. Moreover, in the graphs of the velocity distribution and microrotation, we shown that the proposed scheme's solutions are more accurate and applicable than other existing methods in the literature. Numerical results explaining the effects of various physical parameters connected with the flow are discussed.
On free vibration of laminated skew sandwich plates: A finite element analysis
Authors: Dhotre Pavan Kumar , Srinivasa C. V. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The present work emphasizes the determination of the fundamental frequency of skew sandwich plates with orthotropic core and laminated facings using different design parameters. Finite elements CQUAD4 and CQUAD8 of MSC/NASTRAN are used for obtaining fundamental frequencies, which are validated against available literature results. The influence of the skew angle, the ratio of the length-to total thickness (a/h) of the sandwich plate, and the ratio of the thickness of the core to face sheet (t
c
/t
h
) on the fundamental frequency of skew sandwich plates are studied. Also, the influence of parameters such as the number of layers in the face sheet, laminate sequence, and fiber orientation angle on the fundamental frequency of laminated skew sandwich plates have been studied. It is found that the CQUAD8 element yields better results than the CQUAD4 element in the present study. The fundamental frequencies are found to increase with the increasing skew angle. The variation in fundamental frequency is negligible when the number of layers is large in the face sheet.
Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure of Cast Martensitic Stainless Steel
Authors: van gen Hassend F. , Weber S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The resistance of martensitic stainless steels to wear and corrosion is greatly influenced by the martensitic matrix and the presence of carbides. The precipitation of carbides along the grain boundaries will lead to a significant decrease in fracture toughness and furthermore, will increase the risk of intergranular corrosion. With tools made of corrosion-resistant steel castings, this fact is of particular relevance as coarse eutectic carbide precipitates are normally not sufficiently dissolved during conventional austenitization. In this context, the dissolution of carbides will be studied on the basis of systematic heat treatment experiments and observed using light optical microscopy and the resulting microstructure and its impact on the mechanical properties (hardness) will be discussed in the following sections.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Catunaregam tomentosa extract
Authors: Ittibenjapong Chanyapat , Kanjanahitanon Prit , Chaichamni Punnita , Panich Sirirat , Thamsumet Nuchutha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used in many fields (e.g., sensors, medical supplies, food, cosmetics, medicines, etc.) due to their unique properties such as optical property, antibacterial property, and high conductivity. AgNPs are normally synthesized by chemical, physical, or biological methods. Among these methods, biological synthesis or green synthesis of AgNPs has drawn much attention since it is an easy and environmental-friendly method. Herein, AgNPs synthesized using Catunaregam tomentosa extracts were studied. The extracts obtained from different C. tomentosa fruit were found to be blue, green, and brown. It was found from the foam test and IR spectra that all extracts (blue, green, and brown extracts) contained saponins. According to the DPPH assay, the blue and the green extracts had the antioxidant activities of 84.47 ± 12.13 and 47.66 ± 2.86 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g of C. tomentosa powder, respectively. This showed that the blue and the green extracts could act as reducing agents in AgNPs synthesis. The successfully synthesized AgNPs using C. tomentosa extracts showed the surface plasmon resonance peak at 400 nm corresponding to literatures. The particle sizes and zeta potential values measured by dynamic light scattering also indicated the size stability of the synthesized AgNPs during seven-day period with no significant difference (P > 0.05).
Educational components in the supervision of chemistry postgraduate students: experiences and reflections
Authors: Mammino Liliana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article focuses on the educational aspects of mentoring chemistry postgraduate students, analysing the challenges encountered by students in the transition from undergraduate to postgraduate learning, and throughout the postgraduate projects up to completion of PhD level, and discussing the design of suitable addressing options by the mentor. The mentoring activity is thus viewed within a typical chemistry education paradigm. Some challenges basically continue those encountered at undergraduate level and others are specific to the postgraduate one, thus requiring new approaches. The information presented in the article is mostly based on the author’s long experience at the University of Venda (South Africa). The approach utilised in the study is a suitable adaptation of action research. The analysis aims at being comprehensive, considering the major features influencing students’ performance, and the strategies that can be adopted to counteract negative impacts and to foster the development of scientific modes of thinking and of research independence. It outlines how known major difficulties, such as diffuse poor language mastery (aggravated by second language instruction), complicate both the undergraduate-postgraduate transition—by affecting the speed and extent to which students learn new approaches—and the further stages, including thesis writing. Writing-related difficulties are given particular attention because they have great impact even for students who have acquired good abilities with the design and practical components of research projects, and because the acquisition of adequate skills in scientific writing is an inherent objective of postgraduate training. Most of the reported observations refer to postgraduate studies in computational chemistry; this enables a broad perspective, by including the common challenges of obtaining, organising and analysing data, as well as the challenges related to learning a new area of chemistry, not encountered in undergraduate studies, and those related to specific demands such as adequate mathematics knowledge, visualization abilities and the ability to abstract thinking.
The influence of rs53576 polymorphism in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene on empathy in healthy adults by subtype and ethnicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chander Russell J. , Mather Karen A. , Cleary Rhiagh , Grainger Sarah A. , Thalamuthu Anbupalam , Numbers Katya , Kochan Nicole A. , Armstrong Nicola J. , Brodaty Henry , Henry Julie D. , Sachdev Perminder S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Empathy is essential for navigating complex social environments. Prior work has shown associations between rs53576, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR), and generalized empathy. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of rs53576 on subdomains of empathy, specifically cognitive empathy (CE) and affective empathy (AE), in healthy adults. Twenty cohorts of 8933 participants aged 18–98 were identified, including data from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study, a cohort of older community adults. Meta-analyses found G homozygotes had greater generalized empathic abilities only in young to middle-aged adults. While meta-analyses of empathy subdomains yielded no significant overall effects, there were differential effects based on ethnicity. G homozygotes were associated with greater CE abilities in Asian cohorts (standardized mean difference; SMD: 0.09 [2.8·10−3–0.18]), and greater AE performance in European cohorts [SMD: 0.12 (0.04–0.21)]. The current literature highlights a need for further work that distinguishes between genetic and ethnocultural effects and explores effects of advanced age on this relationship.
Disrupting institutional reproduction? How Olympic athletes challenge the stability of the Olympic Movement
Authors: Seltmann Maximilian 
Published: April 2021

Summary
The recent years have seen a surge in elite athlete activism. This article examines how Olympic athletes are currently challenging the stability of central institutions of the Olympic Movement as collective political actors. The study builds on explanations of stability and change stemming from punctuated equilibrium theory and path dependency. Applying a multiple mini case study design, it is first illustrated how these mechanisms have been in play in the reproduction and disruption of historic Olympic institutions. The main analysis then shows how Olympic athletes, through their different organizational forms, challenge institutions that are detrimental to their interest. The findings illustrate that Olympic athletes have increased their power resources and apply strategies to defy institutions, which are reproduced on the basis of path-dependent explanations. In doing so, athletes have the potential to severely destabilize the system if their interests remain unaccounted for by those governing the Olympic Movement.
Der Staat als Adressat städtischer sozialer Bewegungen. Wohnungspolitische Kämpfe und postneoliberale Konstellationen
Authors: Schipper Sebastian 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
In Anbetracht der ambivalenten Rolle von städtischen sozialen Bewegungen in Hinblick auf ihr Potenzial, einen grundlegenden gesellschaftlichen Wandel anzustoßen, diskutiert der Beitrag das Verhältnis von wohnungspolitischen Protesten zu staatlichen Institutionen. Angesichts der Rückkehr der Wohnungsfrage ist es städtischen sozialen Bewegungen in den letzten Jahren vielerorts gelungen, Einfluss auf (lokal-)staatliche Wohnungspolitiken zu gewinnen. Allerdings konnten die dominanten Staatsapparate zugleich die Kernprinzipien neoliberalen Regierens, wie etwa die Privilegierung der profitorientierten Wohnungswirtschaft, Austerität in Bezug auf öffentliche Ressourcen und Liegenschaften sowie der Vorrang von Marktmechanismen, erfolgreich institutionell absichern. Dadurch werden die Forderungen wohnungspolitischer Proteste, die auf einen Bruch mit marktorientierten Ansätzen abzielen, häufig entweder entschärft oder in marktkonforme Maßnahmen kanalisiert. Aus Sicht materialistischer Staatstheorie wird diese Konstellation als postneoliberal charakterisiert, da zwar hegemoniale Konsense bröckeln, jedoch die strategische Selektivität der Staatsapparate, in die sich seit Jahrzehnten neoliberale Rationalitäten und ein Regime der Austerität in materiell verdichteter Form eingeschrieben haben, bislang grundlegende wohnungspolitische Veränderungen blockieren.
Manuelle Fehleraufnahme bei Mass Customization
Authors: Beckschulte Sebastian , Kiesel Raphael , Schmitt Robert H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In der Nutzfahrzeugindustrie sorgt Mass Customization für eine Variantenvielfalt, die der Losgröße 1 entspricht. Das hat zur Folge, dass der Automatisierungsgrad von Montageprozessen gering ist und die Fehleranfälligkeit steigt. Die Befähigung der Mitarbeitenden zur strukturierten und schnellen Fehlererfassung ist deshalb umso wichtiger. Infolgedessen wurde ein Prozessmodell entwickelt, das diese Anforderungen adressiert und als Grundlage für spätere Datenanalysen genutzt werden kann.**
Vorgehensmodell für risikobasierte Resilienzstrategien
Authors: Öhlinger Florian , Friedmann Andreas , Adolf Thomas , Ryll Frank , Toth Daniel , Glawar Robert 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ziel des in diesem Beitrag vorgestellten Vorgehensmodells ist es, Unternehmen ein Werkzeug in die Hand zu geben, um die eigene Resilienz zu bewerten und mittels eines Methodenbaukastens Handlungsempfehlungen für risikobasierte Resilienzstrategien abzuleiten. Diese Strategien zielen darauf ab, Herausforderungen aus internen und externen Schock- und Stressfaktoren zu beherrschen. Ergebnis ist eine Vorgehensweise zur Erfassung, Evaluierung und Erhöhung der Resilienz mit dem Ziel einer weitgehenden Vermeidung von ungeplanten Produktionsstillständen.**