bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinicopathological study and management of tumor and tumor like lesions of larynx
Authors: Jayakumar Varunkumar , Atmaram Jaiswal Shubhalaxmi 
Published: November 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to (a) determine the incidence and distribution of cases according to age, sex, etiology etc; (b) to know common etiology for the different diseases; (c) to understand pathophysiology of the disease; (d) to know various presentations of the disease; (e) to determine various diagnostic tools; and (f) to know modalities of treatment available.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective observational study, method of sampling: non-random, purposive. department of ENT, Government medical college and tertiary care centre. Fifty-one patients with benign and malignant lesion of larynx were analysed. Only cases with persistent hoarseness for more than three weeks were selected. Benign lesions included neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. All cases underwent a thorough ENT examination. Once suspected the cases were examined under direct laryngoscope, fibreoptic laryngoscope and if needed microlaryngeal examination was also done. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study showed 86.6% benign lesions and 41.1% malignant lesions of larynx with male preponderance. It was observed that vocal polyp was the commonest benign non-neoplastic lesion and papilloma was the commonest neoplastic lesion. Squamous cell carcinoma accounted predominantly in malignant lesions and was commonly found in glottis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Thus, this study reflects there is an urge to raise awareness and educate people regarding detrimental effects of vocal abuse, alcohol and tobacco consumption, preventive measures, early symptoms and availability of diagnostic tools, so that early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can be executed to reduce the morbidity and mortality.</p>
Types of vaginal microbiomes in PCOS affected females
Authors: Ahmed Dalya Thamer 
Published: November 2021

To evaluate and analyze the microbiomes component of the vagina in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS, and compare it with that of healthy females. A case- control study included 120 participants, 60 had been diagnosed as having PCOS according to the Rotterdam Criteria for diagnosis of PCOS and the other 60 are healthy females visiting the outpatient private clinics in Hay Aljameaa/ Al-Harthya in Baghdad from October 2020 till march 2021 for different medical problems, statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS computer application for statistical analysis. Both study groups had L. crispatus in their vagina, while for L. jensonii 93.33% of control group have this microbiota while only 66.66% of PCOS group have it, L. gasseri presents in the vagina of 80% of controls and only 38.33% of PCOS. S. aureus in 41.66% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, S. epidermidis presents in 25% of PCOS females while it not presents in control group. Str. Pyogenes presents in 36.67% of PCOS group and absent in control group (p&#60; 0.0001), Str. Agalactiae presents in 26.67% of PCOS group and 1.67% of control group. Bacteroides presents in 30% of PCOS cases and only in 1.67% of controls (p&#60; 0.0001). For other types of vaginal microbiota e.g. Gardnerella vaginalis we found that it presents in high percentage of PCOS group 66.67% and absent in females of control group, Prevotella spp presents in 55% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, Mobiluncus spp and Fusobacterium spp were absent in both study groups. For candida species, C. albicans presents in 30% and 6.67% of vagina of PCOS and control group respectively. There is large diversity in the vaginal microbiota with disruption to normal flora in PCOS affected patients so We need further studies to evaluate the relationship between the microbiota and different PCOS symptoms.
Cervical pap smear study and its utility in cervical cancer detection and prevention
Authors: Sudhakar Boinapalli , Karra Vijaya , Ramulu Pamu Shiva 
Published: November 2021

The objective of present study to find out women for precancerous lesions with the help of pap smear test as early identification marker. Determine the percentage of cervical cancer in relationship with demographic, education and occupation. To find out pap smear effectiveness in various infections. To find out correlation pap smear findings with symptoms.This is a cross-sectional study involving the screening of women from the rural population of Siddipet district for the assessment of health status using pap smear test who have attended the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology conducted during the period of August 2019 to May 2021.The present study included 1500 Pap smears, of which the most common abnormality was inflammatory smear, which is followed by atrophic smear. Among all the study respondent’s majority (64.5%) of the women were home makers and not working, remaining participants were either self employed or working women. Percentage of abnormal smear reports was reported in group 2 (31-40 years) subjects followed by group 3 (41-50 years) women. In 22 patients, Atypical Squamous Cell of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) was observed. The present study reported very less cervical cancer prevalence in our study population.Pap smear testing is a sensitive and effective screening test which can be used for identification of precancerous epithelial lesions. Pap smear test should be recognized as a routine screening method to decrease Mortality and Morbidity due to the cervical cancer. This study also regard us as paps smear is a gold standard for cervical screening. This study also suggests that every woman above the age 30 years should undergo screening programs for cervical cancers. So Morbidity and Mortality due to cervical cancers can be prevented by early identification of cervical cancer by doing screening at regular intervals.
Knowledge, attitude and practices about coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its spread among pregnant females in rural West Bengal, India
Authors: Ray Sabyasachi , Pandey Jagriti 
Published: November 2021

In view of the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, people should have adequate knowledge about cause of the disease, mode of spread and the protective measures against it. Basic protective measures against the Coronavirus disease have been laid out by WHO for the public which are practicing hand hygiene, social distancing and wearing a mask. Good knowledge status when coupled with optimistic attitude will lead to effective practice of the protective measures.: This study will assess the knowledge, attitude and practices about Coronavirus disease among pregnant females of rural West Bengal. It will help in finding the limiting factors and assess the association between knowledge and attitude, practices of the respondents. It is a hospital based cross-sectional study carried out in antenatal out patient department from 18 October, 2020 to 5 December, 2020. 500 pregnant women were enrolled through simple random sampling after proper informed consent. Significant association between knowledge score and age group (p -0.0457) and literacy status (p -0.0105) was found. The mean COVID-19 knowledge score was 10.70 (SD:2.18, range :1-12) with an overall correct rate of 89.17% (10.70/12* 100). Significant practice of wearing a mask was 6.5625 [OR -6.5625(3.1603, 13.6385; p &#60;0.0001] times more in good knowledge score group. Practice of preventive measures reduces the chances of contacting the infection, thus reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. Practices of preventive measures can be further strengthened by improving the knowledge of the people thorough awareness at grassroot level.
Comparison of causes of maternal near miss and maternal mortality in Mahatma Gandhi institute of medical sciences which is Tertiary care rural hospital (Januray 2016 to September 2017)
Authors: Shelke Shila , Varma Poonam , Suman Akanksha 
Published: November 2021

: A mother is the foundation of a family and also the very root and foundation of a Nation. Maternal health is a matter of great importance all over the world as it defines the social status of women in a country as well as the quality of health services provided by a Nation to its people. The study was performed in a rural tertiary care institute located in central India. After clearance from the ethical committee of the institute and approval from university for thesis synopsis was received, study was initiated on patients meeting the study requirements from a period of January 2016 to September 2017. In this study, amongst all cases of Maternal near Miss 36% were due to haemorrhage, 22.4% due to medical disorders, 21.6% due to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, 15.2% due to infection, and 4.8% were due to labour related disorders. Investigating MNM cases will help to improve the maternal health system more as women has survived catastrophe. Positive feedback to health worker will do miracles.
Role of routine urine culture in predicting asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women - Our experience
Authors: Krishnamurthy Aparna , Khan Shazia , Singh Tina 
Published: November 2021

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in pregnancy can flare into frank pyelonephritis and sepsis if untreated due to the low immunity. Apart from causing morbidity in mothers it affects the foetus by increasing the incidence of prematurity and IUGR. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of ASB in the pregnant women attending Ante natal clinic and the significance of routine urine culture. : Total 310 pregnant women attending the antenatal OPD were enrolled in the study over a period of 10 months. Inclusion criteria included all pregnant women attending antenatal OPD without any urinary symptoms or history of fever. Exclusion criteria included frank UTI symptoms like fever, dysuria, increased frequency of urine, any history of intake of antibiotics, any urinary tract anomaly or renal calculi. Their midstream urine sampling was collected and subjected to both microscopy and culture sensitivity; standard microbiological method was used. The prevalence of ASB was found to be 11.29% and was maximum in second trimester (54.2%). The study revealed routine urine culture is a sensitive test to diagnose ASB. The commonest bacterium isolated was Escherichia coli (51.4% cases) and the most effective antibiotic was Nitrofurantoin. The neonatal outcomes are discussed in the text while no perinatal deaths were recorded during the period of study. No direct association of asymptomatic bacteriuria with anaemia and preeclampsia was found, but odds ratio was more than one. The study highlights that asymptomatic bacteriuria is a common occurrence in pregnant women, including urine culture as a part of routine investigation in antenatal patients can help diagnose this condition. Prompt treatment of ASB can prevent any obstetric complication arising from the flareup of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and thus reduce maternal and foetal morbidity.
A prospective study of prediction of preterm delivery by cervical assessment by transvaginal sonography
Authors: Arora Garima Bagga , Bodade Asmita , Bodade Ritesh , Vaishnao Lohit S , Bagga Gourav 
Published: November 2021

Preterm birth is a major cause of death and a significant cause of long-term loss of human potential amongst survivors all around the world. Complications of preterm birth are the single largest direct cause of neonatal deaths, responsible for 35% of the world’s 3.1 million deaths a year, and the second most common cause of under-5 deaths after pneumonia. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the usefulness of cervical assessment by TVS in prediction of risk of preterm delivery in low risk pregnant women, thereby earlier management option can be planned and patients specific treatment can be given at the earliest. The present study was carried out in tertiary care teaching hospital for 1 year from 1 Jan 2019 to 31 Dec 2019. Total of 100 study participants who underwent TVS assessments of cervix regularly followed up who underwent TVS assessment of cervix and were regularly follow up and delivered. The mean cervical length in all these women was 30±6.68 mm. It was observed that 51.72% of patients with short cervical length less than 25 mm had preterm labour compared to the patients with cervical length more than 25mm i.e. 4.22%. Cervical assessment by TVS is effective in predicting preterm labour.
Characteristics of granulosa cell tumor at Dr. Soetomo general hospital from 2014 to 2019
Authors: Tjokroprawiro Brahmana Askandar , Santoso Eko , Pradnyani Ni Nyoman Ratih 
Published: November 2021

The aim of the present study was to investigate tumor characteristics, treatment, recurrence, and prognosis in both Granulosa Cell Tumor types.A retrospective review study of 38 patients in a single institute; We identified patients with GCTs diagnosed between 2014 and 2019 in the Regional General Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Surgical outcome, pathological findings and follow-up data were analyzed. Statistical analyses were conducted using Fisher exact test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared with the log-rank test. The prevalence of AGCT subtypes as the most common type occurring in 97% of cases. The median age at diagnosis among patients with AGCT is 47.5 years (range 41-59), and most women are premenopausal and multiparous. In our literature review Stage 1 disease is 76% with Overall Survival (OS) for 5years is 89.7%. FIGO stage and adjuvant therapy was not shown a positive correlation with recurrency (p &#62;0.05). Rate of recurrence in AGCT is reported to be as high as 5.26%.GCT is a rare low malignant tumor, majority of patients present with early-stage disease and generally have a favorable prognosis. Stage is not considered as the most important prognostic factor. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy treatment is debatable as it was not shown to reduce recurrence rates. Long-term surveillance including routine clinical follow-up and tumor markers serial evaluation is mandatory to evaluate recurrency.
Morphological spectrum of salivary gland tumors withspecial reference to mucin stains
Authors: Begum Faeeza , Choudhary Shaista 
Published: November 2021

Salivary gland neoplasm are rare and constitute about 3% of all head and neck neoplasms. Mucins are altered in pathological states and are stained by special stains like Periodic Acid Schiff, Alcian Blue and Mucicarmine. To study the histomorphology of resected salivary gland tumors and mucin staining pattern wherever indicated. Surgically resected specimens received at our tertiary care hospital and subjected to histopathological examination. Specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, processed and embedded in paraffin blocks, serially cut to get sections of 3-5 microns thickness. Stained with hematoxylin and eosin for all. Mucin stains were used wherever applicable. Total number of cases studied were 70. Out of which 46 were benign (65.7%) and 24 were malignant (34.3%). Among benign tumours, Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest tumour (48.57), followed by Warthin tumor (7.14%), Basal cell adenoma (4.28%), Myoepithelioma (1.43%), Oncocytoma (1.43%), Hemangioma (1.43%), Sailolipoma (1.43%). The Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor (17.14%) followed by Adenoid cystic carcinoma (5.71%), Acinic cell carcinoma (4.28%), Polymorphous adenocarcinoma (1.43%), Epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma (1.43%), Salioblastoma (1.43%), Lymphoma (1.43%). Parotid was most common site for both benign and malignant tumor. Females are affected more commonly than males. Mucin staining pattern was noted. Salivary gland tumors have complex range of morphological spectrum. Histopathological examination is the golden standard for diagnosis and mucin stain would add as an adjunct to the diagnosis.
Management Approach Combining Prognostic Screening and Targeted Treatment for Patients with Low Back Pain Compared with Standard Physiotherapy: A Systematic Review & Meta-analysis
Authors: Ogbeivor Collins 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Research evidence suggests that a stratified care management approach is better at improving clinical and economic outcomes for low back pain (LBP) patients compared with usual care in the short term. However, it is unclear if these health and economic benefits are sustainable in the longer term. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the effectiveness of stratified care compared with standard physiotherapy for LBP treatment.
Methodology: A comprehensive search was undertaken of seven electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Pedro, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Register for Controlled Trials, and Web of Science with full text). Although no time limits were applied, studies were limited to English language publications and those involving human participants only. Study selection, data extraction, and appraisal of study were independently undertaken by both reviewers (CO and LE).
Result: In total, 6842 patients (aged 18 years and above) were included in the eight trials reviewed; four were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and four were non-RCTs. The pooled analysis of three studies (n = 2460) demonstrated a strong evidence in favor of stratified care over standard care at improving overall pain (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) [random] 0.46 [95% CI 0.21, 0.71]; P < 0.0003), with overall effect (Z = 3.6) and (Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ) scores (WMD [random] 0.71 [95% CI 0.05, 1.37]; P < 0.03), with overall effect (Z = 2.11) at three-, four-, and six-months’ follow-up periods.
Conclusion: This current review demonstrated that a stratified care approach provides substantial clinical, economic, and health-related cost benefits in the medium- and high-risk subgroups compared with usual care. Further research is needed for longer-term benefits.
Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Preservation of Posterior Structures for Management of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Aly Tarek 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Successful posterior lumbar interbody fusion requires excessive removal of posterior spinal elements and distraction of neural structures. It also requires a large amount of bone graft. The authors have developed this technique to assess results of treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis by posterior lumbar interbody fusion with preservation of posterior spinal elements and also to examine the safety and efficacy of the recapping T-saw laminoplasty technique for the management of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis using posterior lumbar interbody fusion by interbody cages with preservation of posterior elements.
Methodology: Twenty-five patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis underwent recapping T-saw laminoplasty in the lumbar spine for posterior lumbar interbody fusion with interbody cage. The T-saw was used for the division of the posterior elements. After discectomy and insertion of cages, the excised lamina was replaced exactly in situ to their original anatomic position. Patients were followed neurologically and radiologically.
Result: Only one lamina was excised and replaced again. Primary bone healing was obtained in all patients by four to six months post surgery. No complications such as postoperative spinal canal stenosis, facet arthrosis, or kyphosis were observed.
Conclusion: This technique of posterior lumbar interbody fusion through recapping laminoplasty provide wide space for easier insertion of cages and allow anatomic reconstruction of the vertebral arch preserving its important mechanical roles.
Implementasi Penggunaan Tes Essay dalam Evaluasi Pembelajaran Daring pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Tlanakan
Authors: Wachidah Liana Rochmatul , Laila Yani , Irmawati Ayu , Amin Shidiq 
Published: November 2021

Evaluasi pembelajaran yaitu proses pengukuran dan penilaian terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran, dalam hal ini guru mengukur dan menilai siswa dengan menggunakan instrumen tes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan hasil dari evaluasi pembelajaran daring menggunakan instrumen tes objektif dan uraian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Tlanakan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisa kualitatif yakni reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi/ penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil analisis data dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi penggunaan tes dalam evaluasi pembelajaran daring pada siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 1 Tlanakan adalah lebih dominan efektif menggunakan tes uraian. Hal tersebut dikarenakan dengan menggunakan tes uraian siswa lebih mudah menjawab dan mengembangkan pengetahuannya dengan nalar mereka sendiri. Adapun kendala siswa dalam mengimplementasikan tes objektif dan uraian secara daring ada tiga, yaitu (1) kendala dari segi pengerjaan soal, hal itu disebabkan ketidakpahaman siswa dalam pembelajarn daring, (2) kendala jarak pada saat pelaksanaan, siswa tidak bisa menanyakan pertanyaan yang tidak dimengerti secara langsung kepada guru, dan (3) kendala jaringan atau koneksi internet bagi siswa yang berdomisili di daerah pelosok.
THE DIFFERENCES OF BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS PREGNANCY READINESS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN BASED ON PARITY
Authors: Pratiwi Fitri Indah , Anis Wahyul , Aditiawarman Aditiawarman , I’tishom Reny 
Published: November 2021

Abstract Background : Low pregnancy planning can cause unwanted pregnancy, abortion, loss of reproductive health, domestic violence until death. 40% of 85 million pregnancies in the world are unplanned and 38% end with abortions, miscarriage and unplanned childbirth. Unplanned pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), high risk of congenital anomalies, and developmental delay. Most woman who have plan to get pregnant don’t prepare their pregnancy as well. Women who have children (Multiparous) having unreadiness of pregnancy as same as women who do not have children (Nulliparous). Therefore, pregnancy planning is required to avoid risks so that women become more prepared on facing the pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the differences behaviour toward readiness of pregnancy among pregnancy women based on parity. Method : This study used observational analytical research with cross sectional approach. The sampling technique used was total sampling which was conducted for 2 months and the sample obtained 92 pregnant women (include nulliparous, primiparous and multiparous) who met the inclusion criteria. The collected data was analyzed by Fisher Exact levels with a degree of α = 0.05. Result : The study showed there were 12 respondents who ready to face pregnancy. Meanwhile, there were 80 respondents who were not ready enough to face pregnancy, it was based on the result of Fisher Exact test with the value obtained was P value = 0.223 (P > 0.223). Conclusion : This showed that there was no difference of attitudes about pregnancy readiness of nulliparous, primiparous and multiparous woman