bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissociable Effects of Social and Non-Social Autistic Traits on Figure Disembedding and Mental Rotation in Women and Men
Authors: Conson Massimiliano , Senese Vincenzo Paolo , Zappullo Isa , Baiano Chiara , Warrier Varun , group The LabNPEE , Raimo Simona , Rauso Barbara , Salzano Sara , Baron-Cohen Simon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent data revealed dissociations between social and non-social domains both in autism and neurotypical population. In the present study, we investigated whether specific visuospatial abilities, as mental rotation and figure disembedding, are differently related to social and non-social autistic traits, also considering sex differences in dealing with visuospatial tasks. University students (N = 426) completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), mental rotation of two-dimensional figures and figure disembedding tasks. A two-factor model of AQ was used to differentiate social and non-social autistic traits. Mental rotation was affected by a significant interaction between sex, social and non-social traits. This implies that, when non-social traits were above the mean (+ 1 SD), no sex differences in mental rotation were found, whereas, below this value, sex differences depended on the social traits, with men outperforming women at middle-to-high social traits, and with a comparable performance, or even with women outperforming men, at lower social traits. Instead, only a small positive correlation between figure disembedding and social traits was observed in the overall sample. These results are interpreted using the hyper-systemizing framework of autism and contribute to the debate on individual differences in the cognitive style of autistic people and neurotypical people with autistic traits.
Cell aging-related genes can be used to characterize clinical prognoses and further stratify diffuse gliomas
Authors: Yang Yang , Chen Xin , Han Hongbin , Sun Jianjun , Chen Suhua , Yang Chenlong , Ma Qianquan , Yang Jun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that senescent cells are associated with the glioma development. Thus, we aimed to explore the relationship between the cellular senescence gene profile and the clinical prognosis of diffuse glioma. In total, 699 gliomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset were used as the training cohort and 693 gliomas from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset were used as the validation cohort. Bioinformatics statistical methods are used to develop the risk signature and to study the prognostic value of the risk signature. We identified a 14-gene risk signature and its risk score was an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001) in the validation dataset. The risk signature had better prognostic value than traditional factors for the 3-and 5-year survival rate. Importantly, the risk signature could further stratify gliomas in specific subgroups of World Health Organization (WHO) classification by the survival rate. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of genes involved in the cell cycle, cell division and other processes were significantly correlated with the risk score. Our study highlighted a 14-gene risk signature for further stratifying the outcomes of patients with gliomas with definite WHO subgroups. These results indicate the potential clinical implications of cell aging-related genes in gliomas.
Light Strands not Wave Interference: Clarification of the Double Slit Experiment
Authors: Dutt S. , Dutt N. , Dutt A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective Modern understanding of light has fluctuated between particle and wave theory. The classic double slit experiment provided crucial support of wave theory with its description of wave interference fringe patterns. To our knowledge, no significant study has been performed on light propagation in free space after exiting the slit. To further understand the double slit results we analyzed light behavior in free space using novel visualization techniques.Methods A micro-particle environment was developed that remained transparent to visible light. Coherent light was observed in this environment in settings of diffraction, refraction, and reflection.Results Experimental generation of distinct light strands after diffraction through double slits is visualized. Definitive images of discrete light strands, not waves, were noted as light propagated through free space. Light strands were visualized directly creating the pseudo-interference fringe pattern, refuting the concept of wave interference.Conclusions Novel generation and visualization of light strands confirms the particle theory of light and counters two hundred years of wave doctrine. The finding that diffractive fringe patterns and other observations of light are due to the phenomena of discrete radiating strands, not wave interference, will have implications in physics, quantum mechanics, and technology.
A Mixed-Methods Study of Multi-Level Factors Influencing Mammography Overuse: Implications for De-implementation.
Authors: Austin Jessica D. , Tehranifar Parisa , Brotzman Laura , Rodriguez Carmen B. , Agovino Mariangela , Ziazadeh Danya , Moise Nathalie , Shelton Rachel C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

There is growing concern that routine mammography screening is overused among older women. Successful and equitable de-implementation of mammography will require a multi-level understanding of the factors contributing to mammography overuse.
Methods

This explanatory, sequential, mixed-methods study collected survey data (n = 52, 73.1% Hispanic, 73.1% Spanish-speaking) from women ≥ 70 years of age at the time of screening mammography, followed by semi-structured interviews with a subset of older women completing the survey (n = 19, 63.2% Hispanic, 63.2% Spanish-speaking) and providers (n = 5, 4 primary care, 1 obstetrics and gynecology) to better understand multi-level factors influencing mammography overuse and inform potential de-implementation strategies. We conducted descriptive analysis of survey data and content analysis of qualitative interview data. Survey and interview data were examined separately, compared, integrated, and organized according to Norton and Chambers Continuum of Factors Influencing De-Implementation Process.
Results

Survey findings show that 87.2% of older women believe it is important to plan for an annual mammogram, 80.8% received a provider recommendation, and 78.9% received a reminder in the last 12 months to schedule a mammogram. Per interviews with older women, the majority were unaware of or did not experience overuse and intended to continue mammography screening. Findings from interviews with older women and providers suggest that there are multiple opportunities for older women to obtain a mammogram. Per provider interviews, almost all reported that overuse was not viewed as a priority by the system or other providers. Providers also discussed that variation in mammography screening practices across providers, fear of malpractice, and monetary incentives may be reasons for overuse. Providers identified potential strategies including patient and provider education around harms of screening, leveraging the electronic health record to identify women who may no longer benefit from screening, customizing system-generated reminder letters, and organizing workgroups to develop a standard process of care around mammography screening.
Conclusions

Multi-level factors contributing to mammography overuse are dynamic and reinforced. To ensure equitable de-implementation, there is a need for more refined theories, models, and frameworks for de-implementation with a strong patient-level component that considers the interplay between multilevel factors and the larger care delivery process.
A Clinicopathological Analysis on Diffuse Midline Glioma in Adults
Authors: Hu Xiao Mu , Nie Xiao Yu , Xu Kai Lun , Wang Yin , Tang Feng , Xiong Ji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), H3K27M mutant is a new entity that has become widely recognized. However, studies concerning DMG in adult patients remains rare. We did a retrospective study covering the largest amount of patients to date to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of DMG in adult. Methods: We reviewed 117 cases of adult DMG, collected their clinical and imaging data along with pathological results including H3K27M. Summarized their features and the connection with overall survival in different age groups.Results: Among 117 cases, most tumors were located at the thalamus, 39 patients had H3K27M mutation, of whom 38 demonstrated down regulation of H3K27me3. The average overall survival of H3K27M-mutant gliomas was 13 months, while that of 78 H3K27M wild-type gliomas were 11.8 months. For young patients (age＜35), The median survival time of the H3K27M-mutant was 20.1 months, while that of the H3K27M wild-type was 39.5 months. For older patients (age≥35), the median survival time of the H3K27M-mutant was 22.3 months, while that of the H3K27M wild-type was 17.1 months. The OS of patients who received biopsies, subtotal resections, and total resections were 15.8, 17.6, and 11.6 months respectively. Conclusion: The DMG in adults mainly occurred in the thalamus. H3K27M mutations tend to happen more frequently in young adults, and this genetic alteration results in a worse outcome only in young patients. For old patients, age and the approach of surgery are independent prognostic factors. Patients received biopsy instead of total resection had a better prognosis.
Monosodium Glutamate Maintains Antioxidant Balance in the Neuro-Retinal Axis of Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Nalugo Halima , Ninsiima Herbert Izo , Kasozi Keneth Iceland , Nabirumbi Ritah , Osuwat Lawrence Obado , Nassan Mohamed A. , Matama Kevin , Ssempijja Fred , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose Information on monosodium glutamate (MSG) safety in the eye-brain axis remains scarce. The objective of the study was to establish changes in calcium (Ca2+) concentrations, catalase activity, Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and identify any major histological changes associated with parenteral and feed supplementation of MSG in male Wistar rats. This is important to guide policy on human consumption of food additives.Methods Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6) for a period of one month. Group I and IV were treated with MSG 6g/kg and 60 mg/kg subcutaneous, while groups II and III at 5% and 2% MSG feed supplement. Group V was the control group treated with normal saline (no MSG). The eye and brain were analyzed for Ca2+, catalase, MDA levels and histological analysis was done using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.Results Calcium levels in the eye was reduced at high (6g/kg/day and 5% s.c) MSG treatments while in the brain these remained constant. Since Ca2+ plays a crucial role in catalase activity, levels of catalase were not affected in eye-brain axis. MDA levels were elevated at high MSG treatments and no structural changes in the retina of the eye and no damage were found in the brain.Conclusion MSG maintained catalase levels, Ca2+ and no structural changes were observed in the eye and brain.
Corticosteroids Had no Effect on 28-Days Mortality in Adult Patients with sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liang Huoyan , Song Heng , Song Gaofei , Li Hongyi , Ding Xianfei , Kan Quancheng , Sun Tongwen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: Corticosteroids are a common option used in the treatment of sepsis. However, the efficacy and potential risk of corticosteroids in septic patients have not been well assessed. We performed this review to assess the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids in sepsis patients.Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases from inception to March 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of corticosteroids on septic patients were included. The quality of outcomes in the included articles was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. The data were pooled by using relative risk (RR) and mean difference (MD). The random-effects model were used to to eveluate the pooled MD or RR and 95% CI.Results: Fifty-three RCTs that included 12,310 patients with sepsis were identified. Corticosteroids were not associated with the mortality in 28-day (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87–1.02; evidence rank, moderate), and long-term mortality (>60 d) (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.88–1.05) in septic patients (evidence rank, low). However, corticosteroids may exert a significant effect on the mortality in ICU (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80–0.98), in-hospital (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88–0.99; evidence rank, moderate) in patients with sepsis or septic shock (evidence rank, low). Furthermore, corticosteroids probably achieved a very small reductions in the length of hospital stay and ICU. Corticosteroids were associated with an higher risk of hypernatremia and hyperglycemia; further, they appear to have no significant effect on superinfection and gastroduodenal bleeding.Conclusions: Corticosteroids had no significant effect on the 28 and long-term mortality; however, they decreased the ICU and hospital mortality. Further, corticosteroids could increase the risk of the hypernatremia and hyperglycemia in sepsis patients.
Prevalence and the Determinants of Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine Use Among Breastfeeding Mothers in Shiraz, Iran: a Cross-section Study
Authors: Vardanjani Hossein Molavi , Salehi Zahra , Alembizar Faranak , Cramer Holger , Pasalar Mehdi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is highly important for a child's health, and the widespread use of herbal medicines as galactagogues has been reported. The present study was conducted to evaluate the use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) and its determinants among breastfeeding mothers in Shiraz, Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, mothers over 18 years who referred to neonatal clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Using a structured interview, we explored the prevalence and of the use of TCIM products and its associated factors. Results: Out of 625 mothers who were approached, 483 agreed to participate (response rate: 77.3%). The average age was 27.3 ± 5.9 years. The prevalence of using TCIM products during current breastfeeding was 97.1%. There were 168 working mothers (44.9%); 163 mothers (34.1%) complaining of postpartum breastfeeding problems, and 327 mothers (68%) had no past history of breastfeeding. Recommendations of medical staff or relatives were the most frequent reasons for the consumption of TCIM products (64.9%). Only 27% of mothers disclosed the use of TCIM products to their doctor or healthcare provider, although 62% of mothers were asked about the use of such products. Notably, 438 mothers (95.8%) considered TCIM to increase their milk. Based on multivariable logistic regression, literacy and past use of TCIM galactagogues were independently associated with TCIM products use.Conclusions: The use of TCIM galactagogues is highly common among breastfeeding mothers in south of Iran, showing a diverse range of determinants. It is necessary to evaluate the safety and efficacy of common herbal galactagogues, and evidence-based studies must be designed to achieve standardized complementary medicine approaches in this regard.
Exploring The Mechanism of Action of Herbal Medicine (Gan-Mai-Da-Zao Decoction) For Post-Stroke Depression Based On Network Pharmacology And Molecular Docking
Authors: Ding Zhi-Cong , Xu Fang-Fang , Sun Qi-Di , Li Bin , Liang Neng-Xing , Chen Jun-Wei , Yu Shang-Zhen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: Post-stroke depression is the most common and serious neuropsychiatric complication occurring after cerebrovascular accidents, seriously endangering human health while also imposing a heavy burden on society. Even so, it is difficult to have drugs to contain the progression of the disease. It’s reported that Gan-Mai-Da-Zao decoction was effective to PSD, but it is unknown on its mechanism of action for PSD. In this study, we aimed to explore the possible mechanisms of action of Gan-Mai-Da-Zao decoction in the treatment of PSD using network pharmacology and molecular docking.Material and methods: We obtained the active components and their targets of all drugs from the public database TCMSP and published articles. Then, we collected the PSD-related targets from GeneCards and OMIM databases. Cytoscape 3.8.2 was applied to construct PPI and composite target disease networks. In parallel, the DAVID database was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis to obtain the biological processes involved in drug treatment diseases in vivo. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the association between the main active ingredients and the targets.Results: The network pharmacological analysis of Gan-Mai-Da-Zao decoction for PSD identified 107 active ingredients with important biological effects, including quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringenin, isorhamnetin, etc. A total of 203 potential targets for drug treatment of diseases were screened, including STAT3, JUN, TNF, TPT53, AKT1, EGFR, etc. They were found to be widely enriched in a series of signaling pathways such as TNF, HIF-1, and the Toll-Like receptor. Meanwhile, molecular docking analysis showed that the core active components were tightly bound to the core targets, further confirming their anti-PSD effects.Conclusion: This is a prospective study based on the integration and analysis of large data, using the technology of network pharmacology to explore the feasibility of Gan-Mai-Da-Zao decoction for the treatment of PSD, and successfully validated by molecular docking. It reflects the multi-component and multi-target characteristics of Chinese medicine, and more importantly, it also brings hope to the clinical treatment of PSD.
Three-dimensional motion analysis of hip motions in ten common Asian sitting positions in daily living. Do gender and being overweight affect the range of hip motions?
Authors: Ganokroj Phob , Chaowalitwong Jirayu , Kerdsomneuk Pichitpol , Sudjai Narumol , Lertwanich Pisit , Vanadurongwan Bavornrat 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Sitting involves many activities of daily life and requires most motion in the hip joint. Asians have more hip flexion and external rotation motions than Westerners owing to cultural and lifestyle differences. Being aware of the normal range of hip motion is essential in clinical practice. Limited research has focused on the hip motions of common sitting positions. The objective was to determine the hip motions of 10 common sitting positions, and to determine whether gender or being overweight affects the range of hip motions.Methods An experimental cross-sectional study was conducted to determine hip motions by using a standard, three-dimensional, motion-analysis system. Healthy subjects performed 10 sitting positions during 3 trials. All hip-kinematic data were measured on the dominant leg of each participant, except for the right- and left-monk positions (both hips were analyzed). Density plots were constructed and statistical analyses were performed to detect the differences between groups (male and female; non-overweight and overweight).Results The 48 participants comprised 24 males and 24 females. Most were right-leg dominant (45 participants; 93.8%). Of the 22 participants in the overweight group (body mass index ≥ 23 kg/m2), 18 (75%) were male. Squatting showed the highest flexion angle (99.7º; 47.3º–122º). Cross-legged sitting had the highest abduction angle (28.9º; 9.9º–45.7º) and the largest external rotation angle (62º; 37.6º–81.7º). In the female group, there were trends toward a greater flexion angle (4 out of 10 sitting positions) and a smaller abduction angle (6 out of 9 positions), with P values < 0.05. As to body weight, the overweight participants had a smaller flexion angle but a greater abduction angle, with 5 out of 9 positions having a P value < 0.05. Kinematic data of the transverse plane revealed that the heterogeneity of the rotational angles depended on the sitting position.Conclusions This study provided the functional hip motions of common Asian sitting positions. The kinematic data can be utilized in clinical practice as reference values to determine safe positions. Gender and being overweight affected the hip angles in the sagittal and frontal planes.Trial registration: Number TCTR20181021004, retrospectively registered at the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (http://www. clinicaltrials.in.th).
Genetic variation and structure of complete chloroplast genome in alien monoecious and dioecious Amaranthus weeds
Authors: Xu Han , Xiang Ning , Zhang Junhua , Zhang Yongjiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Amaranthus is a complex taxon with economic importance as well as harmful weeds. We studied the genetic variation and structure of the chloroplast genomes of 22 samples from 17 species of three subgenera. It was found that the length of the chloroplast genome of Amaranthus varied from 149,949 bp of A. polygonoides to 150,757 bp of A. albus. The frequencies of SNPs and InDels in chloroplast genomes were 1.79 % and 2.86 %, and the variation mainly occurred in the non-coding regions. The longest InDel was 387 bp, which occurred on ycf2, followed by 384 bp InDel on psbM-trnD. Two InDels in ndhE-I on the SSC make the three subgenera clearly distinguished. In LSC, SSC and IRs regions, there were four 30 bp forward and reverse repeats, and the repeats in SSC and LSC were in nearly opposite positions in circular genome structure, and almost divided the circular genome into symmetrical structures. In the topological tree constructed by chloroplast genome, species in subgen. Amaranthus and subgen. Acnida form monophyletic branches separately and cluster together. A. albus, A. blitoides and A. polygonoides were separated from subgen. Albersia, and the rest of subgen. Albersia were clustered into a monophyletic branch. The rpoC2, ycf1, ndhF-rpl32 were good at distinguishing most amaranths. The trnk-UUU-atpF, trnT-UGU-atpB, psbE-clpP, rpl14-rps19, and ndhF-D can distinguish several similar species. In general, the chloroplast genome is of certain value for the identification of the similar species of Amaranthus, which provides more evidence for clarifying the phylogenetic relationships within the genus.
Patient Health Monitoring and Inferencing Arrhythmia Using ECG_Data
Authors: Thakur Siddhant Thakur , Patel Devarshi Patel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Health and Fitness is becoming more of an integral part of human life. Being Healthy is crucial in the present fast-growing world. Most difficult aspect to maintaining health is keeping track of it especially for old people. So, we turn to technology, again, and came out with concept of ‘Smart Health Care’. It monitors patient health via IOT devices. It keeps track of EEG rate, Body Temperature, Bpm rate etc. This will not only help patient but also doctors to study their patients on daily basis with daily streaming data. Whenever a patient visits her/his doctors, the doctors would have data of ups and down or any uneven changes, anomalies and observed trends pertaining to the patient. IOT in many ways has transformed the Health Sector immensely. The tracking will be continuous with WIFI module correspondence. The proposed system will used WIFI module and will be constantly uploading patient’s data to cloud and keep track of ECG Rate. It will detect type of arrhythmia on bases ECG rate by CNN Deep Learning model. Data generated from this can be also used for research purposes for better and reliable future.