bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of PSMD14 as a potential novel prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target for osteosarcoma
Authors: Gong Yubao , Wei Zheng‐Ren 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundOsteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor. The survival rate of osteosarcoma patients has not significantly increased in the past decades. Uncovering the mechanisms of malignancy, progression, and metastasis will shed light on the development of new therapeutic targets and treatment for osteosarcoma.AimThe aim of this study is to identify potential osteosarcoma biomarker and/or therapeutic targets by using integrated bioinformatics analysis.Methods and resultsWe utilized existing gene expression datasets to identify differential expressed genes (DEGs) that could serve as osteosarcoma biomarkers or even as therapeutic targets. We found 48 DEGs were overlapped in three datasets. Among these 48 DEGs, PSMD14 was on the top of the up‐regulated gene list. We further found that higher PSMD14 expression was correlated with higher risk group (younger age group, ≤20.83 years of age), metastasis within 5 years and higher grade of tumor. Higher PSMD14 expression in osteosarcoma had positive correlation with higher infiltration of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils and myeloid dendritic cells. Kaplan‐Myer survival data further revealed that higher expression of PSMD14 predicted significantly worse prognosis (p = .013). Gene set enrichment analysis was further performed for the DEGs related to PSMD14 in osteosarcoma. We found that lower PSMD14 expression group had more immune responses such as interferon γ, α responses, inflammation response etc. However, the higher PSMD14 expression group had more cell proliferation‐related biological processes, such as G2M checkpoints and Myc targets. Through establishing protein–protein interaction networks using PSMD14 related DEGs, we identified 10 hub genes that were all ribosomal proteins. These hub genes may play roles in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis, progression and/or metastasis.ConclusionWe identified PSMD14 gene as a possible osteosarcoma biomarker, and/or a possible therapeutic target.
Bioequivalence Assessment of an Oral Fixed‐Dose Formulation of Dutasteride‐Tamsulosin 0.5 mg/0.4 mg: A Randomized, Single‐Blind, Single‐Dose, 2‐Period Crossover Study in Mexican Population Under Fasted Conditions
Authors: Piñeyro‐Garza Everardo , Gómez‐Silva Magdalena , Gamino María E. , Delgado‐Roche Livan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to compare the bioavailability and to demonstrate the bioequivalence between a dutasteride‐tamsulosin 0.5 mg/0.4 mg capsule formulation and the regulatory reference drug (Combodart®, GlaxoSmithKline). A randomized, single‐blind, single‐dose, 2‐way crossover study under fasting conditions, with at least a 28‐day washout period was carried out in healthy volunteers. Plasma concentrations of drugs were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The pharmacokinetic analysis included maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to 72 hours, and AUC from baseline to infinity. The test formulation was considered bioequivalent if the geometric mean ratios (test/reference) were within the predetermined range of 80% to 125%. Safety and tolerability were evaluated by clinical assessment. The confidence intervals for the log‐transformed test/reference ratios for dutasteride, Cmax (95.4‐109.2) and AUC from baseline to 72 hours (93.2‐109.1), and for tamsulosin, Cmax (101.9‐119.8), AUC from baseline to the last quantifiable concentration (91.4‐106.3) and AUC from baseline to infinity (90.9‐103.3), were within the allowed limit specified by the regulatory authorities (80%‐125%). In addition, both test and reference drugs were safe and tolerated. These results demonstrated the bioequivalence of test product (Dakart®) compared with Combodart®.
Improving Reproducibility in Hydrogen Storage Material Research
Authors: Broom Darren P. , Hirscher Michael 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch into new reversible hydrogen storage materials has the potential to help accelerate the transition to a hydrogen economy. The discovery of an efficient and cost‐effective method of safely storing hydrogen would revolutionise its use as a sustainable energy carrier. Accurately measuring storage capacities – particularly of novel nanomaterials – has however proved challenging, and progress is being hindered by ongoing problems with reproducibility. Various metal and complex hydrides are being investigated, together with nanoporous adsorbents such as carbons, metal‐organic frameworks and microporous organic polymers. The hydrogen storage properties of these materials are commonly determined using either the manometric (or Sieverts) technique or gravimetric methods, but both approaches are prone to significant error, if not performed with great care. Although commercial manometric and gravimetric instruments are widely available, they must be operated with an awareness of the limits of their applicability and the error sources inherent to the measurement techniques. This article therefore describes the measurement of hydrogen sorption and covers the required experimental procedures, aspects of troubleshooting and recommended reporting guidelines, with a view of helping improve reproducibility in experimental hydrogen storage material research.
Light‐Induced Migration of Spin Defects in TiO2 Nanosystems and their Contribution to the H2 Evolution Catalysis from Water
Authors: Bad'ura Zdeněk , Naldoni Alberto , Qin Shanshan , Bakandritsos Aristides , Kment Štěpán , Schmuki Patrik , Zoppellaro Giorgio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe photocatalytic activity for H2 production from water, without presence of hole scavengers, of thermally reduced TiO2 nanoparticles (H‐500, H‐700) and neat anatase were followed by in‐situ continuous‐wave light‐induced electron paramagnetic resonance technique (CW‐LEPR), in order to correlate the H2 evolution rates with the electronic fingerprints of the photoexcited systems. Under UV irradiation, photoexcited electrons moved from the deep lattice towards the superficially exposed Ti sites. These photogenerated redox sites mediated (e−+h+) recombination and were the crucial electronic factor affecting catalysis. In the best‐performant system (H‐500), a synergic combination of mobile electrons was observed, which dynamically created diverse types of Ti3+ sites, including interstitial Ti3+, and singly ionized electrons trapped in oxygen vacancies (VO.). The interplay of these species fed successfully surface exposed Ti4+ sites, which became a catalytically active, fast reacting Ti4+⇄Ti3+ state that was key for the H2 evolution process.
Metal‐Nitrogen‐Carbon Cluster‐Decorated Titanium Carbide is a Durable and Inexpensive Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst
Authors: Beom Cho Sung , He Cheng , Sankarasubramanian Shrihari , Singh Thind Arashdeep , Parrondo Javier , Hachtel Jordan A. , Borisevich Albina Y. , Idrobo Juan‐Carlos , Xie Jing , Ramani Vijay , Mishra Rohan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractClusters of nitrogen‐ and carbon‐coordinated transition metals dispersed in a carbon matrix (e. g., Fe−N−C) have emerged as an inexpensive class of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, it was shown that optimizing the interaction between the nitrogen‐coordinated transition metal clusters embedded in a more stable and corrosion‐resistant carbide matrix yielded an ORR electrocatalyst with enhanced activity and stability compared to Fe−N−C catalysts. Utilizing first‐principles calculations, an electrostatics‐based descriptor of catalytic activity was identified, and nitrogen‐coordinated iron (FeN4) clusters embedded in a TiC matrix were predicted to be an efficient platinum‐group metal (PGM)‐free ORR electrocatalyst. Guided by theory, selected catalyst formulations were synthesized, and it was demonstrated that the experimentally observed trends in activity fell exactly in line with the descriptor‐derived theoretical predictions. The Fe−N−TiC catalyst exhibited enhanced activity (20 %) and durability (3.5‐fold improvement) compared to a traditional Fe−N−C catalyst. It was posited that the electrostatics‐based descriptor provides a powerful platform for the design of active and stable PGM‐free electrocatalysts and heterogenous single‐atom catalysts for other electrochemical reactions.
Chaotic dynamics in memristive circuits with different ϕ − q characteristics
Authors: Liu Yue , Iu Herbert Ho‐Ching , Guo Shuxu , Li Hui 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThere are two ideal memristive devices, first‐order memristor and second‐order memristor, which could be widely applied in nonlinear electronic circuits. The main difference between them is their ϕ − q characteristics. However, there are only a few studies available in the literature about the different dynamic behavior that can be observed when they are connected in the same circuit in turns. In this paper, to demonstrate the different consequences for the above situation, the complex dynamics of a memristive band‐pass filter (BPF) are analyzed in detail as one of the classical first‐order circuits. Also, the existence of coexisting attractors, hysteretic dynamics, and antimonotonicity are confirmed. Subsequently, the impact of memristor coefficients on the working dynamics of BPF is revealed. The conclusion is that a higher‐order memristor can lead to a greater number of chaotic attractors and more complex nonlinearity, which is the basis to determine that substitutability and interchangeability of equivalent memristance do not apply for memristor devices with the different ϕ − q relationship when analyzing memristive circuits. Finally, the experimental simulations are presented to further prove the above theoretical analysis. Additionally, other circuits, such as the Chua circuit and the Jerk circuit, are also investigated in order to verify our analysis. In particular, a full Feigenbaum tree is demonstrated in the Chua circuit.
Predator biomass and vegetation influence the coastal distribution of threespine stickleback morphotypes
Authors: Yanos Casey L. , Haanstra Eeke P. , Colgan Carey Fiona , Passmore Sorsha A. , Eklöf Johan S. , Bergström Ulf , Hansen Joakim P. , Fontaine Michael C. , Maan Martine E. , Eriksson Britas Klemens 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntraspecific niche differentiation can contribute to population persistence in changing environments. Following declines in large predatory fish, eutrophication, and climate change, there has been a major increase in the abundance of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) in the Baltic Sea. Two morphotype groups with different levels of body armor—completely plated and incompletely plated—are common in coastal Baltic Sea habitats. The morphotypes are similar in shape, size, and other morphological characteristics and live as one apparently intermixed population. Variation in resource use between the groups could indicate a degree of niche segregation that could aid population persistence in the face of further environmental change. To assess whether morphotypes exhibit niche segregation associated with resource and/or habitat exploitation and predator avoidance, we conducted a field survey of stickleback morphotypes, and biotic and abiotic ecosystem structure, in two habitat types within shallow coastal bays in the Baltic Sea: deeper central waters and shallow near‐shore waters. In the deeper waters, the proportion of completely plated stickleback was greater in habitats with greater biomass of two piscivorous fish: perch (Perca fluviatilis)and pike (Esox lucius). In the shallow waters, the proportion of completely plated stickleback was greater in habitats with greater coverage of habitat‐forming vegetation. Our results suggest niche segregation between morphotypes, which may contribute to the continued success of stickleback in coastal Baltic Sea habitats.
Identifying and predicting occurrence and abundance of a vocal animal species based on individually specific calls
Authors: Bailey H. , Fandel A. D. , Silva K. , Gryzb E. , McDonald E. , Hoover A. L. , Ogburn M. B. , Rice A. N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring (PAM) offers opportunities to collect data on the occurrence of vocal species for long periods of time, at multiple locations, and under a range of environmental conditions. Some species emit individually distinctive calls, including bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) that produce signature whistles. Our study used PAM to determine the seasonal occurrence of bottlenose dolphins and utilized individually specific signature whistles to (1) track individuals spatially and temporally, (2) assess site fidelity off Maryland (MD), USA, (3) estimate the minimum abundance of dolphins in the study area, and (4) develop a dynamic habitat‐based relative abundance model applicable as a real‐time dolphin relative abundance prediction tool. Acoustic recorders were deployed at two sites offshore of Ocean City, MD, and at one site in the upper Chesapeake Bay, MD. Acoustic recordings from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed for signature whistles, and re‐occurrences of individual whistles were identified using a combination of machine learning and manual verification. A habitat‐based density model was created using the number of signature whistles combined with environmental conditions. A total of 1518 unique signature whistles were identified offshore of Maryland and in the upper Chesapeake Bay. There were 184 re‐occurrences of 142 whistles, with a mean of 135 d between re‐occurrences (range = 1–681 d). These repeated detections of the same individuals occurred most frequently at the site near Ocean City, MD, indicating the highest site fidelity. Re‐occurrences were recorded among all three sites, indicating movement of dolphins between the Chesapeake Bay and off the Atlantic coast of Maryland. The weekly number of individual dolphins detected off the Atlantic coast was significantly related to two environmental variables: sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a concentration. This habitat model could be used to predict relative dolphin abundance offshore of Maryland and inform management within the region, including in relation to offshore wind energy development and other stakeholders.
Effects of stand edges on the structure, functioning, and diversity of a temperate mountain forest landscape
Authors: Pöpperl Franziska , Seidl Rupert 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHuman land use is fragmenting forests around the globe, increasing the edge density in forest landscapes. More frequent natural disturbances also increase the presence of edges in forest ecosystems. Studying a mountain landscape in the Eastern Alps, we contrasted 661 plots situated at varying distances from a stand edge with 615 plots sampled in forest interiors. Our objectives were (1) to analyze the strength of edge effects on forest structure, functioning, and diversity; (2) to determine the penetration depth of edge effects into the forest interior; and (3) to quantify the difference between permanent edges (i.e., to a different land cover type) and transient edges (as created e.g., by natural disturbances). Edges affected forest biomass accumulation negatively (basal area, litter depth, live tree carbon), but had positive effects on diversity (variation in tree diameter, effective plant species number, plant species richness, number of red‐listed plant species). Biodiversity indicators responded most strongly to the presence of edges. The maximum distance of a significant edge effect was <50 m across all indicators. Effects on forest structure and functioning were generally stronger at transient edges compared to permanent edges. Our findings highlight that both permanent and transient edges have a considerable influence on forest ecosystems and should be considered more explicitly in the analysis and management of forest landscapes.
Cucurbiturils Monofunctionalized on the Methylene Bridge and Their Host‐Guest Properties
Authors: Kandrnálová Markéta , Šindelář Vladimír 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMonofunctionalization of cucurbiturils is essential for transferring these potent supramolecular macrocyclic hosts into real‐world application. Here, we present the synthesis of cucurbit[6]urils 1 and 2 in which one methylene bridge is modified by a single substituent containing a nitro or an ammonium group. We investigated host–guest properties in water and 0.2 M NaCl using 1H NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry, particularly for 2. The macrocycle 2 self‐associated into dimeric aggregates in pure water, but readily disassembled in the presence of NaCl or organic cations. Cucurbit[7]uril was able to encapsulate the ammonium substituent of 2 inside its cavity resulting in a complex of 1 : 1 stoichiometry with an association constant of 3.1×105 M−1. The presented host–guest properties together with further possible derivatization showcase the potential of cucurbiturils modified in the methylene position such as 1 and 2 for the development of advanced supramolecular systems.
Synthesis of Diverse Seleno‐Glycolipids via the Transacetalization of Selenoacetals
Authors: Fukuo Hayata , Suzuki Tatsuya , Shimabukuro Junpei , Komura Naoko , Tanaka Hide‐Nori , Imamura Akihiro , Ishida Hideharu , Ando Hiromune 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSeleno‐glycolipids, in which glycosidic oxygens are replaced with selenium atoms, are attractive detergents for X‐ray structural studies of membrane proteins. However, the development of seleno‐glycolipids has been hampered by difficulties associated with their chemical syntheses. In this study, we report a facile synthesis of novel seleno‐glycolipids with various glycan and lipid moieties, which proceeds via transacetalization of selenoacetals and glycosyl imidates. This work not only provides a route to monoseleno‐glycolipids, but also demonstrates the first synthesis of diseleno‐glycolipids.
Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide attenuates high‐sugar–induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and Drosophila melanogaster larvae
Authors: He Dan , Yan Liping , Zhang Jiaqi , Li Fang , Wu Yu , Su Laijin , Chen Peichao , Wu Mingjiang , Choi Jong‐il , Tong Haibin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLipid accumulation is a major factor in the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Currently, there is a lack of intervention or therapeutic drugs against NAFLD. In this study, we investigated the ability of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFPS) to reduce lipid accumulation induced by high sugar in HepG2 cells and Drosophila melanogaster larvae. The results indicated that SFPS significantly (p < .01) decreased the accumulation of lipid droplets in high sugar–induced HepG2 cells. Furthermore, SFPS also suppressed the expression of Srebp and Fas (genes involved in lipogenesis) and increased the expression of PPARɑ and Cpt1 (genes that participated in fatty acid β‐oxidation) in these cells. SFPS markedly reduced the content of triglyceride of the third instar larvae developed from D. melanogaster eggs reared on the high‐sucrose diet. The expression of the Srebp and Fas genes in the larvae was also inhibited whereas the expression of two genes involved in the β‐oxidation of fatty acids, Acox57D‐d and Fabp, was increased in the larval fat body (a functional homolog of the human liver). We also found that SFPS ameliorated developmental abnormalities induced by the high‐sucrose diet. These results of this study suggest that SFPS could potentially be used as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
The impact of institutions on the entrepreneurial orientation‐performance relationship
Authors: Wales William , Shirokova Galina , Beliaeva Tatiana , Micelotta Evelyn , Marino Louis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch summaryIn this study, we theorize how regulatory, normative, and cognitive institutions moderate the entrepreneurial orientation (EO)‐performance relationship. We test our hypotheses using data from entrepreneurial ventures in 31 countries. In countries with well‐developed legal and financial institutions and where entrepreneurship is normatively supported, entrepreneurs achieve higher returns from an entrepreneurial strategic posture. Institutions positively moderate this relationship through increased resource access, a critical element for innovative entrepreneurial strategies. The effect of institutions is further moderated by the stage of economic development. We advance our understanding of EO by exploring country‐level institutional boundary conditions to its value and extend institutional theory through evidence of its moderating effects and interactions with economic development.Managerial summaryA country's institutional environment influences the extent to which firms benefit from being entrepreneurially orientated (EO). Based on data from 31 countries, we show that entrepreneurs receive higher returns from an entrepreneurial strategic posture in countries where institutions—legal and financial systems, entrepreneurship education, and cultural support for entrepreneurship—are more developed. Well‐developed institutions increase returns from EO indirectly by enhancing the ability of firms to access the resources needed to experiment and generate value from their strategic orientation. The influence of institutions on the EO‐performance relationship further depends upon the stage of economic development of a country, with institutional impact being more pronounced within “efficiency‐driven” economies compared to more developed “innovation‐driven” economies.
Outcomes between intensity‐modulated radiation therapy versus 3D‐conformal in early stage glottic cancer
Authors: Amini Arya , Morgan Rustain , Meyer Elisabeth , Fakhoury Kareem , Ladbury Colton , Bickett Thomas , McDermott Jessica D. , Stokes William , Karam Sana D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to evaluate practice patterns and outcomes between intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and 3D‐conformal radiation (3D‐CRT) in early stage glottic cancer.MethodsThe linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare database was used to identify and compare patient and disease profiles, mortality, and toxicity in patients with T1‐2 larynx cancer undergoing definitive radiation (RT).ResultsA total of 1520 patients underwent definitive radiation with 3D‐CRT (n = 1309) or IMRT (n = 211). Non‐white race, those with a Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥2, T2 disease, and those treated at community practices were more likely to undergo IMRT. Rates of IMRT increased from 2006 to 2015, while relative rates of 3D‐CRT decreased. Two‐year CSS was superior with 3D‐CRT (hazard ratio [HR], 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22–0.65; p < 0.001). There was no difference in OS between 3D‐CRT and IMRT (p = 0.119).ConclusionsPatients receiving 3D‐CRT had improved CSS compared to IMRT with no difference in OS.
Spirocyclic Amide Acetal Synthesis by [CpRu]‐Catalyzed Condensations of α‐Diazo‐β‐Ketoesters with γ‐Lactams
Authors: Pertschi Romain , Brun Elodie , de Aguirre Adiran , Guénée Laure , Poblador‐Bahamonde Amalia I. , Lacour Jérôme 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of spirocyclic amide acetals (33–93 %) has been achieved through Ru(II)‐catalyzed condensations ofN‐carbamate protected pyrrolidinones with metal carbenes derived from α‐diazo‐β‐ketoesters. Thanks to the mildness of the diazo decomposition conditions induced by a 1 : 1 combination of [CpRu(MeCN)3][BArF] and 1,10‐phenanthroline, the formation of the sensitive products is possible. Full characterization of this carbonyl‐ylide mediated process is provided by DFT calculations.