bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
St. Louis Once Was “P(a)in-Cour(t)”— But Was It Ever “Short of Bread”?
Authors: Gendreau-Hétu Pierre 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
L’histoire française de Saint-Louis débute sous la dépendance de Québec par l’émergence d’un poste colonial appelé P(a)in-Cour(t). Ce premier nom a vite présenté une énigme historique aux États-Unis et embarrassé les analyses d’explications anecdotiques. Des indices reposaient cependant dans le Canada du XVIIIe siècle, d’où provenaient en majorité les pionniers de Saint-Louis. Traditionnellement négligée, l’influence de la vallée du Saint-Laurent sur celle du Mississippi s’exprime par leur parenté toponymique. Les noms P(a)in-Cour(t) et Vide-Poche, perçus comme des créations propres au Pays des Illinois, renvoient en vérité à de vieux noms de lieux laurentiens. La saillance de cette paire toponymique au Missouri a favorisé leur identification inédite dans les registres paroissiaux de Kamouraska contemporains du peuplement canadien aux Illinois. Le prolongement de cette recherche au Canada et en France apporte des données originales à la compréhension du nom P(a)in-Cour(t) et invite l’hypothèse d’origines multiples susceptibles d’avoir anciennement nourri une confusion lexicale.
Praktiken der Personenreferenz in chinesischen und deutschen Chat-Interaktionen: Die kommunikative Konstruktion von Kulturalität
Authors: Günthner Susanne 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Dieser sprach- und kulturkontrastiv ausgerichtete Beitrag untersucht kommunikative Praktiken der Personenreferenz in chinesischen und deutschen Chat-Dialogen (SMS-, WeChat- und WhatsApp-Nachrichten).
Im Gegensatz zur gängigen Präferenz des Gebrauchs minimaler Referenzformen (u. a. mittels deiktischer Pronomen wie „ich“ und „du“ bzw. „wo“ [我] und „ni“ [你] sowie zero pronouns im Chinesischen) verwenden chinesische wie auch deutsche TeilnehmerInnen in diesen translokalen, computer-vermittelten Interaktionen oftmals Verwandtschaftsnamen zur Referenz auf sich selbst sowie auf ihre RezipientInnen.
Auf der Basis einer interaktional ausgerichteten Studie sollen am Beispiel von Geschwisterrollennamen (wie „Schwester“ und „Bruder“ bzw. „Jiejie“ [姐姐 ältere Schwester], „Meimei“ [妹妹 jüngere Schwester] und „Gege“ [哥哥 älterer Bruder], „Didi“[弟弟 jüngerer Bruder]) sowohl Parallelen als auch Unterschiede in der Verwendung dieser kinship terms zur Selbst- und Fremdreferenz in den chinesischen und deutschen Daten aufgezeigt werden. Hierbei wird erkenntlich, dass Praktiken der Personenreferenz eng mit sprach- und kulturspezifischen Traditionen sozialer Beziehungsformationen verwoben sind.
From couch to ultra marathon: using functional imagery training to enhance motivation
Authors: Rhodes Jonathan , Nedza Karol , May Jon , Jenkins Thomas , Stone Tom 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study evaluates ultra-marathon runners’ use of goal-setting, self-talk, and imagery as strategies to help them through the challenge of long-distance running.

Methods
In stage one, thirty-one self-professed non-runners were recruited and received motivational interviewing (MI) in a group setting, examining their motivation to get healthy. In stage two, five months later, participants were asked if they would consider running an ultra-marathon, and fifteen (M
age=39.47, SD=5.84) agreed. At this point participants were randomly split into an MI or Functional Imagery Training (FIT) group. FIT teaches participants how to master goal centred imagery by controlling attention and elaboration. Groups received similar contact hours and completed four measures that assess grit, resilience, self-efficacy, and imagery ability at baseline and after the race.

Results
We found no significant differences between measures for finishers and non-finishers or between groups or over time. However, the likelihood of completing the ultra-marathon was five times as likely in the FIT group, than in MI (RR=5.25). Grit and resilience scores were strongly correlated. By receiving FIT, there was a significant association (p=0.04) to complete the ultra-marathon.

Conclusions
FIT is a relatively cost-effective method to increase exercise adherence through multi-sensory elaboration of goal setting and overcoming barriers or challenges.
Ecological Dyeing Technology of Polyester Fabric Using Glycerol
Authors: Eyupoglu Seyda , Merdan Nigar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Textile industry struggles with hazardous industrial effluents, water, and energy consumption for sustainability. In the present study, nontoxic glycerol was used as a dispersing agent with water in order to reduce the chemical consumption and eliminate the use of more water in polyester (polyethylene terephthalate [PET]) dyeing. Glycerol was added to dyeing bath at different concentrations, and disperse dyes were dispersed with using microwave radiation. PET fabric samples were dyed with glycerol using microwave radiation, and dyeing properties were compared with carrier dyeing method. After the dyeing process, spectrophotometric analysis, light, rubbing, and washing fastness of samples were analyzed. The experimental results show that glycerol is an ecological and organic substitution to carrier in PET dyeing. As a result, negative environmental impacts of the traditional PET dyeing method can be reduced using glycerol. Compared with traditional dyeing methods, dyeing with glycerol is a promising alternative for sustainability of the textile industry. Moreover, microwave radiation led to an increase in dye uptake, dyeing rate acceleration, energy, and time saving.
Modeling Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Epilepsy Caused by Loss of Function ofkif2ain Zebrafish
Authors: Partoens Michèle , De Meulemeester Ann-Sofie , Giong Hoi-Khoanh , Pham Duc-Hung , Lee Jeong-Soo , de Witte Peter A. , Siekierska Aleksandra 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn recent years there has been extensive research on malformations of cortical development (MCDs) that result in clinical features like developmental delay, intellectual disability, and drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Various studies highlighted the contribution of microtubule-associated genes (including tubulin and kinesin encoding genes) in MCD development. It has been reported thatde novomutations inKIF2A, a member of thekinesin-13family, are linked to brain malformations and DRE. Although it is known that KIF2A functions by regulating microtubule depolymerization via an ATP-driven process,in vivoimplications ofKIF2Aloss of function remain partly unclear. Here, we present a novelkif2aknock-out zebrafish model, showing hypoactivity, habituation deficits, pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure susceptibility and microcephaly, as well as neuronal cell proliferation defects and increased apoptosis. Interestingly,kif2a−/−larvae survived until adulthood and were fertile. Notably, ourkif2azebrafish knock-out model demonstrated many phenotypic similarities toKIF2Amouse models. This study provides valuable insights into the functional importance ofkif2ain zebrafish and phenotypical hallmarks related toKIF2Amutations. Ultimately, this model could be used in a future search for more effective therapies that alleviate the clinical symptoms typically associated with MCDs.
Molecular diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in obese and non-obese women by targeted plasma miRNA profiling
Authors: Romero-Ruiz Antonio , Pineda Beatriz , Ovelleiro David , Perdices-Lopez Cecilia , Torres Encarnación , Vazquez María J , Guler Ipek , Jiménez Álvaro , Pineda Rafael , Persano Mariasara , Romero-Baldonado Cristina , Arjona José E , Lorente Juan , Muñoz Concepción , Paz Elier , Garcia-Maceira Fe-Isabel , Arjona-Sánchez Álvaro , Tena-Sempere Manuel 
Published: August 2021

Objective
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed based on the clinical signs, but its presentation is heterogeneous and potentially confounded by concurrent conditions, such as obesity and insulin resistance. miRNA have recently emerged as putative pathophysiological and diagnostic factors in PCOS. However, no reliable miRNA-based method for molecular diagnosis of PCOS has been reported. The aim of this study was to develop a tool for accurate diagnosis of PCOS by targeted miRNA profiling of plasma samples, defined on the basis of unbiased biomarker-finding analyses and biostatistical tools.

Methods
A case–control PCOS cohort was cross-sectionally studied, including 170 women classified into four groups: non-PCOS/lean, non-PCOS/obese, PCOS/lean, and PCOS/obese women. High-throughput miRNA analyses were performed in plasma, using NanoString technology and a 800 human miRNA panel, followed by targeted quantitative real-timePCR validation. Statistics were applied to define optimal normalization methods, identify deregulated biomarker miRNAs, and build classification algorithms, considering PCOS and obesity as major categories.

Results
The geometric mean of circulating hsa-miR-103a-3p, hsa-miR-125a-5p, and hsa-miR-1976, selected among 125 unchanged miRNAs, was defined as optimal reference for internal normalization (named mR3-method). Ten miRNAs were identified and validated after mR3-normalization as differentially expressed across the groups. Multinomial least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and decision-tree models were built to reliably discriminate PCOS vs non-PCOS, either in obese or non-obese women, using subsets of these miRNAs as performers.

Conclusions
We define herein a robust method for molecular classification of PCOS based on unbiased identification of miRNA biomarkers and decision-tree protocols. This method allows not only reliable diagnosis of non-obese women with PCOS but also discrimination between PCOS and obesity.

Capsule
We define a novel protocol, based on plasma miRNA profiling, for molecular diagnosis of PCOS. This tool not only allows proper discrimination of the condition in non-obese women but also permits distinction between PCOS and obesity, which often display overlapping clinical presentations.
Evaluating Michigan’s Administrative Rule Change on Nonmedical Vaccine Exemptions
Authors: Masters Nina B. , Zelner Jon , Delamater Paul L. , Hutton David , Kay Matthew , Eisenberg Marisa C. , Boulton Matthew L. 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES
Vaccine hesitancy is a growing threat to health in the United States. Facing the fourth highest vaccine exemption rate in the United States in 2014, Michigan changed its state Administrative Rules, effective January 1, 2015, requiring parents to attend an in-person vaccine education session at their local health department before obtaining a nonmedical exemption (NME). In this article, we evaluate the longer-term impact of this policy change on the rate, spatial distribution, and sociodemographic predictors of NMEs in Michigan.

METHODS
Using school-level kindergarten vaccination data from Michigan from 2011 to 2018, we evaluated sociodemographic predictors of NMEs before and after this Administrative Rule change using Bayesian binomial regression. We measured the persistence and location of school district–level geographic clustering using local indicators of spatial association.

RESULTS
Immediately after the rule change, rates of NMEs fell by 32%. However, NME rates rebounded in subsequent years, increasing by 26% by 2018, although income disparities in NME rates decreased after the rule change. Philosophical, religious, and medical vaccine exemptions exhibited distinct geographic patterns across the state, which largely persisted after 2015, illustrating that NME clusters remain a concern despite this rule change.

CONCLUSIONS
Although Michigan’s Administrative Rule change caused a short-term decline in NME rates, NME rates have risen dramatically in the following 4 years since the policy was implemented. Michigan’s administrative effort to require parental education at the local health department before receiving an exemption did not cause a sustained reduction in the rate or spatial distribution of NMEs.
Size control of shape switchable micronetworks by fast two-step microfluidic templating
Authors: Friess Fabian , Lendlein Andreas , Wischke Christian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractShape-memory polymer micronetworks (MN) are micrometer-sized objects that can switch their outer shape upon external command. This study aims to scale MN sizes to the low micrometer range at very narrow size distributions. In a two-step microfluidic strategy, the specific design of coaxial class capillary devices allowed stabilizing the thread of the dispersed phase to efficiently produce precursor particles in the tip-streaming regime at rates up to ~ 170 kHz and final sizes down to 4 µm. In a subsequent melt-based microfluidic photocrosslinking of the methacrylate-functionalized oligo(ɛ-caprolactone) precursor material, MN could be produced without particle aggregation. A comprehensive analysis of MN properties illustrated successful crosslinking, semi-crystalline morphology, and a shape-switching functionality for all investigated MN sizes (4, 6, 9, 12, 22 µm). Such functional micronetworks tailored to and below the dimension of cells can enable future applications in technology and medicine like controlling cell interaction.
Graphic abstract
Radiation damage effects on helium diffusion in zircon
Authors: Diver A. , Dicks O. , Elena A. M. , Todorov I. T. , Geisler T. , Trachenko K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report the effects of radiation damage on helium diffusion in zircon using data from molecular dynamics simulations. We observe an increase in activation energy for helium diffusion as a result of radiation damage and increasing structural disorder. The activation energy in a heavily damaged region is smaller than in a completely amorphous system which is correlated with remaining order in the cation sublattices of the damaged structure not present in the fully amorphized system. The increase in activation energy is related to the disappearance of fast diffusion pathways that are present in the crystal. Consistent with the change in activation energy, we observe the accumulation of helium atoms in the damaged structure and discuss the implications of this effect for the formation of helium bubbles and zircon’s performance as an encapsulation material for nuclear waste.
Graphic abstract
Teoría y práctica de la comunicación. Validación de la Escala de Producción y Difusión Científica de la Comunicación en Educación Superior.
Authors: Leon Duarte Gustavo Adolfo , Cázarez Carlos René Contreras , Jurado Erika Carolina Meneses 
Published: August 2021

Este texto analiza y examina teórica y empíricamente lo que hoy en día es materia de seria discusión en el medio académico nacional entorno a la producción, difusión y diseminación de la investigación académica científica: ¿Las actividades de investigación básica contribuyen significativamente al avance en la formación de personal especializado? Si es así, ¿Qué función tienen los productos de difusión académica como estrategia de enseñanza en el área de estudios de la Comunicación en pre y posgrado? El objetivo fue evaluar la consistencia interna y la confiabilidad de una escala teórica que mide la producción y la difusión científica de la comunicación en el espacio de educación superior. Se utilizó un cuestionario con trece variables manifiestas en una muestra de 66 docentes del área de Ciencias de la Comunicación de pre y posgrado en una universidad pública de México. Los resultados confirman que se dispuso de un instrumento fiable con datos consistentes en la validez de la escala. La evidencia presentada concluye que existen al menos tres causas para explicar por qué la docencia y formación profesional en pre y posgrado se encuentran desvinculadas de la investigación.
O lugar da produção audiovisual publicitária brasileira no campo global: uma análise a partir do Cannes Lions Festival
Authors: Aneas Tatiana 
Published: August 2021

Este artigo busca analisar o desenvolvimento do campo da produção de filmes publicitários brasileiro e suas relações com o mercado mundial da publicidade, numa perspectiva histórica. Para tanto, foram mapeadas quais agências que operam no Brasil são internacionalmente reconhecidas, utilizando como parâmetro a performance destas empresas na categoria Filmdo Cannes Lions Festival, no período entre 1971 e 2015, associando informações sobre o desenvolvimento do mercado global de propaganda. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica adotada deriva da teoria dos campos de Bourdieu (1996, 2006). Nota-se, numa análise quantitativa e qualitativa, que as produções brasileiras premiadas descrescem ao longo das décadas, ao passo em que o mercado mundial se concentra em poucos grandes conglomerados de comunicação. Além disso, nota-se que os filmes brasileiros que chegam a ser premiados se assemelham progressivamente aos padrões técnico-estilísticos da publicidade criada pelos países dominantes neste espaço - sobretudo o padrão estadunidense.
Collaboration and Concepts of Authorship
Authors: Ede Lisa , Lunsford Andrea A. 
Published: August 2021

Cogito, ergo sum.—Rene DescartesI yam what I am.—Ralph EllisonWho am we?—Sherry Turkle1What does it mean to be an author? this question has been interrogated from just about every imaginable angle, as the status of the author has been problematized, deconstructed, and challenged to such an extent that discussions of the author problem now seem decidedly old-hat. Scholars now understand—in theory, at least—that the notion of author (like that of the founding or sovereign subject on which it depends) is a peculiarly modern construct, one that can be traced back through multiple and overdetermined pathways to the development of modern capitalism and of intellectual property, to Western rationalism, and to patriarchy. Foucault's assertion that “[t]he coming into being of the notion of ‘author’ constitutes the privileged moment of individualization in the history of ideas, knowledge, literature, philosophy, and the sciences” no longer surprises (141). The author, like the autonomous individual of Descartes'scogito, is, we understand with Raymond Williams, “a characteristic form of bourgeois thought” (192), one that Ralph Ellison parodies, for instance, when his protagonist, in a fleeting moment of self- and cultural integration, proclaims “I yam what I am” (260). The relentless intertextuality of Web culture, the rapid proliferation of multiple selves online, and the development of what Sherry Turkle has called “distributed selves” of postmodernity would seem to have moved us well beyond autonomous individualism (Life14).
Los biofilms orales y sus consecuencias en la caries dental y enfermedad periodontal
Authors: Morón Michelle 
Published: August 2021

Introducción: La cavidad oral es la puerta de entrada al bienestar corporal total, por lo que el microbioma oral influye en la salud general de un individuo. La presencia de microorganismos poseen un desarrollo continuo, las bacterias orales evolucionaron para formar biofilms en las superficies duras de los dientes y en los tejidos blandos que a menudo contienen múltiples especies bacterianas produciendo patologías orales como la caries dental y enfermedad periodontal.La prevención se logra con la higiene bucal diaria,fluor,arginina y probióticos. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de artículos científicos en idioma inglés y español en bases de datos científicas utilizando palabras combinadas de las palabras claves: bioflm oral, biofilm oral caries y periodontitis, biofilms periodontitis y caries dental. Conclusiones: El biofilm oral cuando no es controlado va a desarrollar un desequilibrio en la mircobiota oral desarrollando caries dental y enfermedad periodontal.
EVALUATION OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEONS' AND RESEARCH ASISSTANTS’ ATTITUDES OF DEFENSIVE DENTISTRY
Authors: VAROL Cihan , FINDIK Yavuz 
Published: August 2021

Objective
The concept of defensive medicine practices can
be described as the physicians primarily aiming to
protect themselves from possible legal actions in
clinical decision processes. At the point reached
today, the increase in legal processes dealing with
health practices causes physicians to use defensive
medical practices more frequently in their clinical
practice. The aim of this study is to investigate the
defensive dentistry attitudes of oral and maxillofacial
surgeons (OMFS) and research assistants and the
factors affecting these attitudes.
Materials and Methods
146 OMFS specialists/research assistants working
in various institutions were contacted between
January-February 2021, and 63 dentists (43.1%),
who responded by filling out the survey and met
the inclusion criteria, were included in the study.
The participants' age, gender, institution or private
establishment where they operate, time spent
in the physician-patient relationship, history of
malpractice lawsuits, thoughts on whether they
will face malpractice lawsuits in the next 10 years,
and their level of knowledge on defensive dentistry
were recorded. Inclusion criteria for the study were
determined as having served at least 1 year in the
field of OMFS and still being in a patient-physician
relationship in this field.
Results
It was concluded that 47.6% of the physicians
participating in the study applied defensive dentistry
at a very high level, 41.3% at a high level, and
11.1% at a moderate level, while the mean defensive
dentistry score was found as 46.25 ±7.42. It has been
determined that the mean defensive dentistry scores
vary depending on the institution, litigation history and
the anticipation of litigation in the next 10 years.
Conclusion
OMFS specialists and research assistants commonly
practice defensive dentistry. On the other hand, it has
been determined that OMFS specialists and research
assistants do not have sufficient knowledge about
the concept of defensive dentistry, therefore we think
that including training on the concept of defensive
dentistry in graduate or post-graduate programs
would be beneficial.
Synergistic effects of Vitamin D and magnesium in non-specific low back ache (nLBA) – A prospective comparative study
Authors: Gobbur Ashwin , Saravanakumar T P , GS Prajwal 
Published: August 2021

Low back ache constitute a group of symptoms with no clear etiopathogenesis and pose a major difficulty for a health care professional to diagnose and treat the disease per se. Low back ache has become permanent disability for certain individuals and interferes with normal functioning of day-to-day life activities. This study was undertaken to establish the correlation and functional outcome between combination of Vitamin D & magnesium supplementation and Vitamin D supplementation for patients with non-specific low back ache. An observational comparative study was performed with 117 patients of non-specific low back ache from June 2019 to May 2020. Out of 117 patients, a total of 60 patients (Group A) were treated with a combination of Vitamin D supplementation along with magnesium tablets for 3 consecutive months and remaining 57 patients (Group B) were treated with Vitamin D supplementation for 3 consecutive months. Both the groups were followed up for 6 months for pain relief assessed by VAS score and functional improvement in quality of life assessed by Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. A significant difference was noted in the Group A compared to Group B which demonstrates an additive effect on the combination used in them. When analysing the change in parameters compared to the pre-interventions state both the groups showed significant improvements. However, upon analysis of the correlation between the parameters with regard to the change among the groups, we noted that Group A showed significant correlation with respect to the Calcium and Vit-D level improvement out of the intervention upon the observed results. Treatment of non-specific low back ache with vitamin-D and magnesium shows synergistic effects with significant improvement in the functional outcomes and the pre-intervention metabolic parameters.