bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One step assembly of ginsenoside Rb1-based nanovehicles with fast cellular transport in photothermal-chemical combined cancer therapy
Authors: Luo Zhong , An Jinxia , Shi Wenjie , Li Chaoqi , Gao Hui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, the research of photothermal-chemical co-therapy provides new ideas for the treatment of cancer. However, the harsh photothermal temperature hinders the clinical development of photothermal therapy. To ensure low-temperature photothermal-chemical combined therapy, a safe and feasible drug delivery system is highly desirable. Herein, through one step co-precipitation method, ginsenoside Rb1-based nanovehicles composed of the hydrophobic drug doxorubicin, the photochemical reagent Cypate and the heat shock protein inhibitor gambogic acid was prepared, resulting from the amphiphilicity and membrane permeability of Rb1. Encouragingly, this platform exhibited excellent biocompatibility and rapid cellular uptake, both of which led to significant and irreversible death of breast cancer cells under the trigger of short-term near-infrared light.
MoS2/Epitaxial graphene layered electrodes for solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Amjadipour Mojtaba , Bradford Jonathan , Zebardastan Negar , Motta Nunzio , Iacopi Francesca 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The potential of transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS2 for energy storage has been significantly limited so far by the lack of conductivity and structural stability. Employing highly conductive, graphitic materials in combination with transition metal dichalcogenides can address this gap. Here, we explore the use of a layered electrode structure for solid-state supercapacitors, made of MoS2 and epitaxial graphene (EG) on cubic silicon carbide for on-silicon energy storage. We show that the energy storage of the solid-state supercapacitors can be significantly increased by creating layered MoS2/graphene electrodes, yielding a substantial improvement as compared to electrodes using either EG or MoS2 alone. We conclude that the conductivity of EG and the growth morphology of MoS2 on graphene play an enabling role in the successful use of transition metal dichalcogenides for on-chip energy storage.
A new implementation of Kundt’s tube: 3D-printed low-cost set-up using ultrasonic speakers
Authors: Haverkamp Nils , Havemann Judith , Holz Christoph , Ubben Malte , Schlummer Paul , Pusch Alexander 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Kundt’s tube is a popular experiment commonly used in schools, in which standing sound waves are made visible inside a glass tube. A fine powder is stirred up in areas of high sound particle velocities, so that one can measure the wavelength of the sound waves by examining the patterns created. In this way, the ‘invisible’ can be made visible.
However, when looking at educational contexts, Kundt’s tube is an experiment with several shortcomings—despite its popularity and prevalence: The glass tube is big, expensive and fragile. Additionally, during the experiment itself, the sound tends to be quite loud due to the high sound pressure needed so that communicating during the experiment becomes hard or even impossible.
In this article, we propose a silent and low-cost alternative to commonly used setups which can easily be constructed by using 3D-printed parts as well as readily available ultrasonic transmitters. This makes Kundt’s tube even implementable as an experiment done by students themselves.
Low-dose PET image noise reduction using deep learning: application to cardiac viability FDG imaging in patients with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Ladefoged Claes Nøhr , Hasbak Philip , Hornnes Charlotte , Højgaard Liselotte , Andersen Flemming Littrup 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Introduction. Cardiac [18F]FDG-PET is widely used for viability testing in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease. Guidelines recommend injection of 200–350 MBq [18F]FDG, however, a reduction of radiation exposure has become increasingly important, but might come at the cost of reduced diagnostic accuracy due to the increased noise in the images. We aimed to explore the use of a common deep learning (DL) network for noise reduction in low-dose PET images, and to validate its accuracy using the clinical quantitative metrics used to determine cardiac viability in patients with ischemic heart disease. Methods. We included 168 patients imaged with cardiac [18F]FDG-PET/CT. We simulated a reduced dose by keeping counts at thresholds 1% and 10%. 3D U-net with five blocks was trained to de-noise full PET volumes (128 × 128 × 111). The low-dose and de-noised images were compared in Corridor4DM to the full-dose PET images. We used the default segmentation of the left ventricle to extract the quantitative metrics end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from the gated images, and FDG defect extent from the static images. Results. Our de-noising models were able to recover the PET signal for both the static and gated images in either dose-reduction. For the 1% low-dose images, the error is most pronounced for EDV and ESV, where the average underestimation is 25%. No bias was observed using the proposed DL de-noising method. De-noising minimized the outliers found for the 1% and 10% low-dose measurements of LVEF and extent. Accuracy of differential diagnosis based on LVEF threshold was highly improved after de-noising. Conclusion. A significant dose reduction can be achieved for cardiac [18F]FDG images used for viability testing in patients with ischemic heart disease without significant loss of diagnostic accuracy when using our DL model for noise reduction. Both 1% and 10% dose reductions are possible with clinically quantitative metrics comparable to that obtained with a full dose.
Electron collision cross section set for N2 and electron transport in N2, N2/He, and N2/Ar
Authors: Kawaguchi S , Takahashi K , Satoh K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Electron collision cross section set for N2 is proposed. The proposed set consists of vibrational elastic momentum transfer cross section and cross sections for 31 rotational excitation, 29 rotational deexcitation, 10 vibrational excitation, 17 electronic excitation, 2 neutral dissociation, and 5 ionization collision processes. Electron transport coefficients in N2, N2/He, and N2/Ar are calculated by Monte Carlo method with considering anisotropic inelastic electron scattering and partitioning of the residual energy after the ionization collision on the basis of experimental results. The reliability of the proposed electron collision cross section set is demonstrated by comparing the calculated and measured electron transport coefficients in a wide range of reduced electric fields, E/N (E: electric field strength, N: number density of gas molecules). Comparison of the values of the electron transport coefficients in N2 calculated from eight individual cross section sets partly provided on LXCat with the measured values is also carried out. Furthermore, the effect of anisotropic inelastic electron scattering on the electron transport coefficients is examined. The electron transport coefficients in N2 are found to be affected by considering anisotropic electron scattering with increasing E/N values, and the longitudinal third-order transport coefficient is found to be sensitive to considering anisotropic electron scattering even at middle E/N values.
Preparation and verification of two-mode mechanical entanglement through pulsed optomechanical measurements
Authors: Neveu P , Clarke J , Vanner M R , Verhagen E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We propose a protocol how to generate and verify bipartite Gaussian entanglement between two mechanical modes coupled to a single optical cavity, by means of short optical pulses and measurement. Our protocol requires neither the resolved sideband regime, nor low thermal phonon occupancy, and allows the generation and verification of quantum entanglement in less than a mechanical period of motion. Entanglement is generated via effective two-mode mechanical squeezing through conditioning position measurements. We study the robustness of entanglement to experimental deviations in mechanical frequencies and optomechanical coupling rates.
Direct control of high magnetic fields for cold atom experiments based on NV centers
Authors: Hesse Alexander , Köster Kerim , Steiner Jakob , Michl Julia , Vorobyov Vadim , Dasari Durga , Wrachtrup Jörg , Jendrzejewski Fred 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In ultracold quantum gases, the interactions between the individual atoms can be controlled by applying magnetic bias fields. As magnetic field fluctuations limit the precision here, typically a feedback loop needs to be employed to regulate the current through a pair of Helmholtz coils. No commercially available magnetic field sensor allows to measure large fields directly with high enough precision, leading to many unsatisfactory solutions being used in experiments. Here, we demonstrate a direct magnetic field stabilization in a regime previously not accessible, using NV centers as the magnetic field sensor. This allows us to measure and stabilize fields of 4.66 mT down to 12 nT RMS noise over the course of 24 h, measured on a 1 Hz bandwidth. We achieve a control of better than 1 ppm after 20 min of integration time, ensuring high long-term stability for experiments. This approach extends direct magnetic field control to strong magnetic fields, which could enable new precise quantum simulations in this regime.
Klein tunneling through the trapezoidal potential barrier in graphene: conductance and shot noise
Authors: Paraoanu Gheorghe Sorin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
When a single-layer graphene sheet is contacted with metallic electrodes, tunnel barriers are formed as a result of the doping of graphene by the metal in the contact region. If the Fermi energy level is modulated by a gate voltage, the phenomenon of Klein tunneling results in specific features in the conductance and noise. Here we obtain analytically exact solutions for the transmission and reflection probability amplitudes using a trapezoidal potential barrier, allowing us to calculate the differential conductance and the Fano factor for a graphene sheet in the ballistic regime. We put in evidence an unexpected global symmetry—the transmission probability is the same for energies symmetric with respect to half of the barrier height. We outline a proposal for the experimental verification of these ideas using realistic sample parameters.
Structural, electronic, bonding and optical properties of LiBaPO4: A comparative study of monoclinic and trigonal phases
Authors: Mehmood Memoona , Rasul Muhammad Nasir , Hussain Altaf , Rafiq Muhammad Amir , Khan Muhammad Nadeem , Iqbal Faisal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCrystal structure, electronic, bonding and optical properties of monoclinic and trigonal phases of LiBaPO4compound have been explored using the density functional theory based orthogonalized linear combination of atomic orbitals method. The outcomes of band structure and density of states reveal the insulating direct band gap (Eg= 4.62 eV) and semiconducting indirect band gap (Eg= 1.12 eV) natures of monoclinic and trigonal phases respectively. The highest bond order and shortest bond length of P–O bond disclose its highest strength over Ba–O and Li–O bonds in both phases of LiBaPO4. with %BO values of 53.20 and 59.34 in M-LiBaPO4and T-LiBaPO4respectively. Optical properties in the form of dielectric function, refractive index, optical conductivity and electron energy loss function have been comprehensively described. Dielectric studies demonstrate that the trigonal phase may find its use as a photovoltaic material for solar cell applications.
LAMOST/HRS spectroscopic analysis of two new Li-rich giants
Authors: Zhou Ze-Ming , Shi Jian-Rong , Yan Hong-Liang , Hou Yong-Hui , Zhang Kai , Gao Qi , Xu Xiao-Dong , Yuan Hai-Long , Zhou Yu-Tao , Pan Kaike , Sang Zi-Ye , Zhao Yong-Heng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Two Li-rich candidates, TYC 1338–1410–1 and TYC 2825–596–1, were observed by the new high-resolution echelle spectrograph, LAMOST/HRS. Based on their high-resolution and high-signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) spectra, we derived stellar parameters and abundances of 14 important elements for the two candidates. The stellar parameters and lithium abundances indicate that they are Li-rich K-type giants, and having A(Li)NLTE of 1.77 and 2.91 dex, respectively. Our analysis suggests that TYC 1338–1410–1 is probably a red giant branch (RGB) star at the bump stage, while TYC 2825–596–1 is most likely to be a core helium-burning red clump (RC) star. The line profiles of both spectra indicate that the two Li-rich giants are slow rotators and do not show infrared (IR) excess. We conclude that engulfment is not the lithium enrichment mechanism for either star. The enriched lithium of TYC 1338–1410–1 could be created via the Cameron-Fowler mechanism, while the lithium excess in TYC 2825–596–1 could be associated with either non-canonical mixing processes or He-flash.
Absolute physical parameters of three poorly studied detached eclipsing binaries
Authors: Yang Dao-Ye , Li Li-Fang , Han Quan-Wang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The photometric and spectroscopic data for three double-lined detached eclipsing binaries were collected from the photometric and spectral surveys. The light and radial velocity curves of each binary system were simultaneously analyzed using Wilson-Devinney (WD) code, and the absolute physical and orbital parameters of these binaries were derived. The masses of both components of ASASSN-V J063123.82+192341.9 were found to be M
1 = 1.088 ± 0.016 and M
2 = 0.883 ± 0.016 M
⊙; those of ASAS J011416+0426.4 were determined to be M
1 = 0.934 ± 0.046 and M
2 = 0.754 ± 0.043 M
⊙; and those of MW Aur were derived to be M
1 = 2.052 ± 0.196 and M
2 = 1.939 ± 0.193 M
⊙. Finally, the evolutionary status of these detached binaries was discussed based on their absolute parameters and the theoretical stellar models.
The interaction of the ITER first wall with magnetic perturbations
Authors: Boozer Allen H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mitigation of the multiple risks associated with disruptions and runaway electrons in tokamaks involves competing demands. Success requires that each risk be understood sufficiently that appropriate compromises can be made. Here the focus is on the interaction of short timescale magnetic-perturbations with the structure in ITER that is closest to the plasma, blanket modules covered by separated beryllium tiles. The effect of this tiled surface on the perturbations and on the forces on structures is subtle. Indeterminacy can be introduced by tile-to-tile shorting. A determinate subtlety is introduced because electrically separated tiles can act as a conducting surface for magnetic perturbations that have a normal component to the surface. A practical method for including this determinate subtlety into plasma simulations is developed. The shorter the timescales and the greater the localization, particularly in the toroidal direction, the more important the magnetic effects of the tiles become.
Research of Reliability Allocation Based on Gray Theory
Authors: Qian Y , Jiang C , Su L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive reliability allocation method, which is applicable to the cases of lack of data in design stage, as well as the complexity of the influence factors and uncertainty of expert evaluation, is presented based on the gray system theory. The key of this method is to modify the weights of influence factors which are associated with expert scoring data by gray correlation analysis before reliability indices are assigned linearly to each subsystem. Based on gray evaluation with 4 levels, the application of this method is illustrated with the reliability allocation of a rotary machine under the consideration that complexity, technical level, importance and environment condition are chosen as influence factors. Compared with the actual faults statistics results, the validity and feasibility of the method is verified.
Multi-objective Dynamic Scheduling of Circuit Repair Based on Improved NSGA-II
Authors: Liu Y , Jia J , Zhang Z Q , Jin F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To deal with the problem of tight wartime repair time, heavy repair task, and complicated constraints during wartime, the multi-objective dynamic scheduling study of circuit repair equipment maintenance task scheduling was carried out. The military problem of equipment maintenance task scheduling for circuit repair under complex constraints was proposed. Considering the uncertainty of the repair status of the equipment to be repaired, the constraints such as repair time window, non-traversal, and variety of repair capability were introduced on the basis of the repair capability and the repair time limit. A multi-objective dynamic scheduling model that takes the total number of repaired equipment, the sum of equipment importance degree, and the total time of secondary operations as the scheduling target.is established. An improved multi-objective genetic algorithm based on NSGA-II is designed to solve the model, and the rationality and effectiveness of the model and algorithm are verified through example simulation and analysis.
Optimization method of mechanical and electrical product quality consistency based on renewable cost contribution rate
Authors: Zhai G F , Liu X H , Deng J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Uncertainty in the manufacturing process is the main factor affecting the quality consistency and application reliability of electromechanical products. How to improve the quality consistency of their batches through tolerance design technology has been the focus of domestic and foreign electromechanical product manufacturers. Although the traditional tolerance design method can improve the consistency of batch products, from the perspective of engineering applications, this optimization method may not be optimal, and it will cause unnecessary cost waste. In order to improve the quality consistency to the optimization goal and control the cost increase to the minimum, this paper proposes a tolerance design method based on the renewable cost contribution rate, which comprehensively considers the improvement of consistency when the tolerance values decrease and costs increase in a non-linear form, and tolerance optimization strategies are formulated. Finally, by applying it to the quality optimization of electromechanical products, the correctness of the proposed method is verified.
A heuristic for a special kind of multi-type component assignment problem
Authors: Shi Y , Guan Z , Qiu S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The multi-type component assignment problem (MCAP) is to assign more than one type of components to positions in the system to maximize system reliability. This paper proposes a two-stage Birnbaum importance-based local search heuristic to address a special kind of MCAP where positions in the system can accept up to two types of components. To evaluate the performance of the heuristic, comprehensive simulation experiments are conducted across different types of systems. The results demonstrate the heuristic’s efficiency and applicability. It shows that the Birnbaum importance is also promising in solving MCAPs.
Adoption of a Bayesian Network for the Operational Reliability Analysis of Aircraft Systems
Authors: Pan Wei-Huang , Feng Yun-Wen , Lu Cheng , Xue Xiao-Feng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To assess and analyze the operational reliability of aircraft systems, an aircraft system Bayesian network (ASBN) method is proposed with the functional and logical coupling relationship of aircraft components, which integrates the characteristics of components related to aircraft operation, is built for analyzing the operational reliability under considering the effect of stochastic features. The aircraft system operating reliability is first assessed by forward inference of ASBN. And the most likely failure component or subsystem under the appearance of different failure condition severity categories are identified. The results show that the aircraft system operating reliability is not as high as the reliability of its components; the most likely failure component or subsystem are those tightly connected to other components or subsystems. The efforts of this paper provide a useful way for deriving operational reliability analysis of complex systems.
Testability Modelling and Optimization Technology of Ship Electrical Equipment Based on Multi-Signal Flow Diagram
Authors: Di Peng , Cheng Yang , Pan Sun , Xiaotong Fang , Weiqiang Zhan , Gang Yang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the development of ship power systems, the degree of integration, complexity and automation of ship generators has increased significantly, which places higher requirements on its testability. The marine generator is a complex electromechanical system with multiple disciplines including electricity, magnetism, force, heat, and mechanics. Its main features include: various types of fault modes, a wide range of faults, and many types of fault features. Therefore, compared with electronic products, the testability modelling and optimization methods of marine generators are very different. First of all, this paper sorts out 11 typical failure modes of marine generators. Then, analyse the failure characteristics of each failure mode and set up 17 test points initially. Based on this, a multi-signal flow graph model is constructed, and the test point is optimized based on the correlation model. By comparing and analysing the test point optimization results, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified.
Analysis of the anti-vibration qualified rate of relay considering manual debugging process
Authors: Ye Xuerong , Wang Yue , Tan Jun , Tang Wei , Zhai Guofu , Li Wenwen , Yuan Ruiming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As an important switching device, the relay’s mechanical resistance has been receiving much attention. However, the manual debugging process has an important impact on it. This article starts with the analysis of manual debugging factors that affect the anti-vibration qualification rate. The quality characteristic parameters of the debugging process and their thresholds that affect its anti-vibration qualification rate are obtained by designing contrast tests. Secondly, the object’s qualitative characteristic parameters and debugging parameters are constructed by a approximate calculation model based on the virtual prototype. Finally, the impact of manual debugging process on product quality characteristics is analyzed. And suggestions on the parameters to be controlled by manual debugging are given. The adjustors strictly control the parameters of the debugging process according to the above suggestions. And the current qualification rate of the product has been greatly improved. It shows that the research on the manual debugging process based on the anti-vibration qualification rate is great significant.