bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of 15q11‐q13 duplication syndrome and literature review
Authors: Fu Zhuo , Jia Yue‐Xin , Fu Jun‐Xian , Li Tian‐Xia , Zhao Jing‐Jing , Wang Ting , Qiao Zhi‐Dong , Liu Xiao‐Yang , Tang Rong , Lv Ting , Yang Guang‐Lu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe chromosomal 15q11‐q13 regions are structurally complex, and their abnormalities are associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), epilepsy, Angelman syndrome, and Prader–Willi syndrome.Case descriptionA 6‐year‐old child was admitted to the hospital as a result of an “epileptic status” showing ASD, intractable epilepsy, and total developmental retardation. Chromosome gene detection showed repetitive variation in the 15q11‐q13 regions, and the video electroencephalogram was abnormal. Although children are currently given antiepileptic treatment and rehabilitation training, intermittent seizures can still occur.ConclusionThe clinical phenotypes of 15q11‐q13 repetitive syndrome are complex, and vary in severity. Children with intractable epilepsy, ASD, and language and motor retardation should be considered to have this syndrome, which requires confirmation by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification and gene detection. These approaches can enable early rehabilitation treatment and improve the patients’ quality of life.
Assessment of the outer retina and choroid in white matter lesions participants using swept‐source optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kwapong William Robert , Gao Yuzhu , Yan Yuying , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Ming , Wu Bo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeTo assess the three‐dimensional outer retina thickness and choroid in eyes with white matter lesions (WMLs) using swept‐source optical coherence tomography (SS‐OCT).MethodsParticipants without dementia and stroke with cerebral WMLs were enrolled in our study. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) were used to image and evaluate the outer retinal layer, choroidal structure, and perfusion of the choriocapillaris, microvessels of the choroid, respectively. Measurement of the outer retinal thickness, choroidal thickness and perfusion of the choriocapillaris was done by the SS‐OCT tool.ResultsThirty‐one eyes from 16 WMLs and 40 eyes from 20 healthy controls were included in the data analyses. Outer retinal thickness was significantly reduced (P< .001) in WMLs participants when compared to healthy controls. Choroidal thickness was also significantly reduced (P< .001) in WMLs participants when compared to healthy controls. Choriocapillaris perfusion was significantly reduced (P= .002) in WMLs when compared to healthy controls. A significant correlation (Rho = .392,P= .032) was seen between the outer retinal thickness and choriocapillaris perfusion in WMLs participants.ConclusionsAssessing retinal thickness and choroidal changes with the SS‐OCTA as a proxy for WML could prove to be a potentially valuable tool for early detection of cognitive decline and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or intracranial aneurysm? A case report
Authors: Shi Yifan , Tang Yezhou , Wu Zhiguo , Chen Jun , Huang Jia , Fang Yiru 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMental disorders are a common finding among patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms.CaseThe current case concerns a young man with an anterior communicating artery aneurysm who was misdiagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder due to his significant psychosis and mood episodes. Having undergone surgery on the unruptured intracranial aneurysm, the patient's psychiatric symptoms disappeared, and he maintained a stable mood during the 3‐year postoperative period.DiscussionThe case is indicative of the need to consider the possibility of organic brain lesions in patients with first episodes of psychiatric presentations.
Altered behavioral and electrophysiological responses to social fairness in manic and euthymic patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Ryu Vin , Ha Ra Yeon , Cho Hyun‐Sang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with bipolar disorder show mood instability, including heightened anger and impulsivity. The Ultimatum Game (UG) is a tool used to evaluate emotional and social decision‐making strategies. We investigated behavioral and electrophysiological responses to subjectively fair or unfair offers in the UG in patients with bipolar I disorder.MethodsTwenty‐four manic patients, 20 euthymic patients, and 30 healthy controls participated in this study. We analyzed their behaviors and collected electroencephalography data with which to analyze feedback‐related negativity (FRN) as they played in the UG as responders.ResultsManic patients exhibited significantly higher rejection rates for unfair offers than euthymic patients and healthy controls. Healthy individuals exhibited a greater (i.e., more negative) FRN amplitude in response to unfair offers than to fair offers, whereas euthymic patients exhibited a greater FRN amplitude in response to fair offers compared with unfair offers. Manic patients exhibited no difference in FRN amplitudes between fair and unfair offers.ConclusionsThe current data suggest that different behavioral responses and FRN amplitude patterns can be associated with characteristic manifestations of mood instability in manic bipolar patients. In addition, electrophysiological alterations in response to unfair offers may be a trait abnormality independent of mood state.
Young pregnant clients in college or university counselling centres: Environmental and symptom experiences
Authors: Markin Rayna D. , McCarthy Kevin S. , Hayes Jeffrey A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis archival study sought to examine the sociocultural contextual factors and symptom experiences with which young pregnant clients typically present to university and college counselling centres (UCCCs). Participants were 154 pregnant clients (aged 18–24), and 154 matched case–control women seeking counselling at their UCCC. Data were archived between 2013 and 2015 through the Center for Collegiate Mental Health. Pregnant clients were more likely to be relatively older, economically disadvantaged and first‐generation college students from a racial/ethnic minority group, as compared to the general population of women at UCCCs. Pregnant clients reported more depression and less social anxiety, but not more distress overall, than did matched controls. Contrary to this, counsellors judged pregnant clients to have a higher frequency of problems than control clients. Risky behaviours, social support and trauma correlated with distress similarly for pregnant clients and their matched controls, except for peer support, which emerged as a potentially unique protective factor for pregnant women against academic distress, and interpersonal abuse, which emerged as a potentially unique risk factor for substance abuse distress for pregnant women. These findings suggest that: (a) counsellors and clients differ in their perception of presenting problems and level of distress when pregnancy is a concern, (b) it is important for counsellors to understand the sociocultural context in which pregnant clients’ problems or distress occur, and (c) social support and interpersonal abuse seem to be unique protective/risk factors for young pregnant college students.
Enzymatic Assays to Explore Viral mRNA Capping Machinery
Authors: Kasprzyk Renata , Jemielity Jacek 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn eukaryotes, mRNA is modified by the addition of the 7‐methylguanosine (m7G) 5′ cap to protect mRNA from premature degradation, thereby enhancing translation and enabling differentiation between self (endogenous) and non‐self RNAs (e. g., viral ones). Viruses often develop their own mRNA capping pathways to augment the expression of their proteins and escape host innate immune response. Insights into this capping system may provide new ideas for therapeutic interventions and facilitate drug discovery, e. g., against viruses that cause pandemic outbreaks, such as beta‐coronaviruses SARS‐CoV (2002), MARS‐CoV (2012), and the most recent SARS‐CoV‐2. Thus, proper methods for the screening of large compound libraries are required to identify lead structures that could serve as a basis for rational antiviral drug design. This review summarizes the methods that allow the monitoring of the activity and inhibition of enzymes involved in mRNA capping.
Extracellular vesicles: Regenerative medicine prospect in hematological malignancies
Authors: Masoumipour Maedeh , Abbaspanah Bahareh , Mousavi Seyed Hadi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) either as endocytic or plasma membrane‐emerged vesicles play pivotal role in cell‐to‐cell communication. Due to the bioactive molecules transformation, lymphoma cell‐derived vesicles can alter a recipient cell's function and contribute to signal transduction and drug resistance. These vesicles by acting not only in tumor cells but also in tumor‐associated cells have important roles in tumor growth and invasion. On the other hand, the total protein level of circulating exosomes reveals the disease stage, tumor burden, response to therapy, and survival. In residual disease, leukemic blasts are undetectable in the bone marrow by conventional methods but exosomal proteins are elevated significantly. In this manner, new methods for measuring exosomes and exosomal components are required. In this review, we try to reveal the concealed role of EVs in hematological malignancies besides therapeutic potentials.
Progress and perspective of the cathode/electrolyte interface construction in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries
Authors: Su Shiming , Ma Jiabin , Zhao Liang , Lin Kui , Li Qidong , Lv Shasha , Kang Feiyu , He Yan‐Bing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSecurity risks of flammability and explosion represent major problems with the use of conventional lithium rechargeable batteries using a liquid electrolyte. The application of solid‐state electrolytes could effectively help to avoid these safety concerns. However, integrating the solid‐state electrolytes into the all‐solid‐state lithium batteries is still a huge challenge mainly due to the high interfacial resistance present in the entire battery, especially at the interface between the cathode and the solid‐state electrolyte pellet and the interfaces inside the cathode. Herein, recent progress made from investigations of cathode/solid‐state electrolyte interfacial behaviors including the contact problem, the interlayer diffusion issue, the space‐charge layer effect, and electrochemical compatibility is presented according to the classification of oxide‐, sulfide‐, and polymer‐based solid‐state electrolytes. We also propose strategies for the construction of ideal next‐generation cathode/solid‐state electrolyte interfaces with high room‐temperature ionic conductivity, stable interfacial contact during long cycling, free formation of the space‐charge region, and good compatibility with high‐voltage cathodes.
Canopy Catalysts for Alkyne Metathesis: Investigations into a Bimolecular Decomposition Pathway and the Stability of the Podand Cap
Authors: Hillenbrand Julius , Korber J. Nepomuk , Leutzsch Markus , Nöthling Nils , Fürstner Alois 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMolybdenum alkylidyne complexes with a trisilanolate podand ligand framework (“canopy catalysts”) are the arguably most selective catalysts for alkyne metathesis known to date. Among them, complex 1 a endowed with a fence of lateral methyl substituents on the silicon linkers is the most reactive, although fairly high loadings are required in certain applications. It is now shown that this catalyst decomposes readily via a bimolecular pathway that engages the Mo≡CR entities in a stoichiometric triple‐bond metathesis event to furnish RC≡CR and the corresponding dinuclear complex, 8, with a Mo≡Mo core. In addition to the regular analytical techniques, 95Mo NMR was used to confirm this unusual outcome. This rapid degradation mechanism is largely avoided by increasing the size of the peripheral substituents on silicon, without unduly compromising the activity of the resulting complexes. When chemically challenged, however, canopy catalysts can open the apparently somewhat strained tripodal ligand cages; this reorganization leads to the formation of cyclo‐tetrameric arrays composed of four metal alkylidyne units linked together via one silanol arm of the ligand backbone. The analogous tungsten alkylidyne complex 6, endowed with a tripodal tris‐alkoxide (rather than siloxide) ligand framework, is even more susceptible to such a controlled and reversible cyclo‐oligomerization. The structures of the resulting giant macrocyclic ensembles were established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Achieving High Efficiency at High Luminance in Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes through Triplet–Triplet Fusion Based on Phenanthroimidazole‐Benzothiadiazole Derivatives
Authors: Tang Xiangyang , Liu Hui , Xu Lei , Xu Xuehui , He Xin , Liu Futong , Chen Jianwu , Peng Qiming 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAchieving high efficiency at high luminance is one of the most important prerequisites towards practical application of any kind of light‐emitting diode (LED). Herein, we report highly emissive organic fluorescent molecules based on phenanthroimidazole‐benzothiadiazole derivatives capable of maintaining high external quantum efficiency (EQE) at high luminance enabled by triplet–triplet fusion (TTF) in doped organic LEDs. The PIBzP‐, PIBzPCN‐, and PIBzTPA‐based devices showed EQEs of 8.27, 9.15, and 8.64 %, respectively, at luminance of higher than 1000 cd m−2, with little efficiency roll‐off.
The efficacy and safety of left atrial low‐voltage area guided ablation for recurrence prevention compared to pulmonary vein isolation alone in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation trial: Design and rationale
Authors: Sunaga Akihiro , Masuda Masaharu , Inoue Koichi , Tanaka Nobuaki , Watanabe Tetsuya , Furukawa Yoshio , Egami Yasuyuki , Hirata Akio , Makino Nobuhiko , Minamiguchi Hitoshi , Oka Takafumi , Minamisaka Tomoko , Takeda Toshihiro , Yamada Tomomi , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Kida Hirota , Oeun Bolrathanak , Sato Taiki , Sotomi Yohei , Dohi Tomoharu , Okada Katsuki , Suna Shinichiro , Mizuno Hiroya , Nakatani Daisaku , Hikoso Shungo , Sakata Yasushi ,   OCVC‐SUPPRESS‐AF investigators
Published: July 2021

AbstractRecurrence rates of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) are higher in patients with a left atrial low‐voltage area (LVA) than those without. However, the efficacy of LVA guided ablation is still unknown. The purpose of this study—the Efficacy and Safety of Left Atrial Low‐voltage Area Guided Ablation for Recurrence Prevention Compared to Pulmonary Vein Isolation Alone in Patients with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation trial (SUPPRESS‐AF trial)—is to elucidate whether LVA guided ablation in addition to PVI is superior to PVI alone in patients with persistent AF. The Osaka Cardiovascular Conference will conduct a multicenter, randomized, open‐label trial aiming to examine whether LVA guided ablation in addition to PVI is superior to PVI alone in patients with persistent AF and LVAs. The primary outcome is the recurrence of AF documented by scheduled or symptom‐driven electrocardiography (ECG) during the 1 year follow‐up period after the index ablation. The key secondary endpoints include all‐cause death, symptomatic stroke, bleeding events, and other complications related to the procedure. A total of 340 patients with an LVA will be enrolled and followed up to 1 year. The SUPPRESS‐AF trial is a randomized controlled trial designed to assess whether LVA guided ablation in addition to PVI is superior to PVI alone for patients with persistent AF and LVAs detected while undergoing their first catheter ablation.
Utilization of Sugar Factory Pressmud Waste for Upgrading the Efficiency of Waste Stabilization Ponds
Authors: Vagheei Ramazan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWaste stabilization ponds (WSP) are simple, highly efficient, low‐cost, low‐maintenance, and robust systems for wastewater treatment (WWT) and reuse and are widely used in developed and developing countries. Accordingly, this study investigated the use of pressmud waste, which is produced in large quantities in sugar factories and is accumulated as a useless material in open fields around the factories, to improve the efficiency of WSPs. The addition of this waste (at a concentration of 1000 mg L−1) to the influent raw wastewater led to an increase in the efficiency of 10–30% of the anaerobic pond in removing organic loading as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in addition to a 10–15% increase in the total suspended solids (TSS) removal. In a conventional series of anaerobic and facultative ponds (FPs), adding the concentration of pressmud resulted in an increase of ≈10–20% in the removal efficiency of FPs regarding BOD5 and COD and a 10–20% increase in the TSS removal. The results demonstrated that pressmud can be extensively applied in WWT processes, especially in anaerobic treatment reactors.
Topical inflammasome inhibition with disulfiram prevents irritant contact dermatitis
Authors: Bonnekoh Hanna , Vera Carolina , Abad‐Perez Angela , Radetzki Silke , Neuenschwander Martin , Specker Edgar , Mahnke Niklas Amadeus , Frischbutter Stefan , Latz Eicke , Nazaré Marc , Kries Jens v. , Maurer Marcus , Scheffel Jörg , Krause Karoline 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of contact dermatitis, a common inflammatory skin disease with limited treatment options, is held to be driven by inflammasome activation induced by allergens and irritants. We here aim to identify inflammasome‐targeting treatment strategies for irritant contact dermatitis.MethodsA high content screen with 41,184 small molecules was performed using fluorescent Apoptosis associated speck‐like protein containing a CARD (ASC) speck formation as a readout for inflammasome activation. Hit compounds were validated for inhibition of interleukin (IL)‐1β secretion. Of these, the approved thiuramdisulfide derivative disulfiram was selected and tested in a patch test model of irritant contact dermatitis in 25 healthy volunteers. Topical application of disulfiram, mometasone or vehicle was followed by application of sodiumdodecylsulfate (SDS) for 24 h each. Eczema induction was quantified by mexameter and laser speckle imaging. Corneocyte sampling of lesional skin was performed to assess inflammasome‐mediated cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18.ResultsDisulfiram induced a dose‐dependent inhibition of ASC speck formation and IL‐1β release in cellular assays in vitro. In vivo, treatment with disulfiram, but not with vehicle and less mometasone, inhibited SDS‐induced eczema. This was demonstrated by significantly lower erythema and total perfusion values assessed by mexameter and laser speckle imaging for disulfiram compared to vehicle (p < 0.001) and/or mometasone (p < 0.001). Also, corneocyte IL‐18 levels were significantly reduced after application of disulfiram compared to vehicle (p < 0.001).ConclusionWe show that disulfiram is a dose‐dependent inhibitor of inflammasome pathway activation in vitro and inhibitor of SDS‐induced eczema in vivo. Topical application of disulfiram represents a potential treatment option for irritant contact dermatitis.
Variation in outcomes across surgeons meeting the Leapfrog volume standard for complex oncologic surgery
Authors: Aquina Christopher T. , Becerra Adan Z. , Fleming Fergal J. , Cloyd Jordan M. , Tsung Allan , Pawlik Timothy M. , Ejaz Aslam 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUNDA large body of evidence supports regionalization of complex oncologic surgery to high‐volume surgeons at high‐volume hospitals. However, whether there is heterogeneity of outcomes among high‐volume surgeons at high‐volume hospitals remains unknown.METHODSPatients who underwent esophagectomy, lung resection, pancreatectomy, or proctectomy for primary cancer were identified within the Medicare 100% Standard Analytic File (2013‐2017). Mixed‐effects analyses assessed the association between Leapfrog annual volume standards for surgeons (esophagectomy ≥7, lung resection ≥15, pancreatectomy ≥10, proctectomy ≥6) and hospitals (esophagectomy ≥20, lung resection ≥40, pancreatectomy ≥20, proctectomy ≥16) relative to postoperative complications and 90‐day mortality. Additional analyses using New York's all‐payer Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (2004‐2015) were performed.RESULTSAmong 112,154 Medicare beneficiaries, high‐volume surgeons at high‐volume hospitals were associated with lower adjusted odds of complications (esophagectomy: odds ratio [OR], 0.73 [95% CI, 0.61‐0.86]; lung resection: OR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.82‐0.94]; pancreatectomy: OR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.66‐0.80]; proctectomy: OR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.85‐0.99]) and 90‐day mortality (esophagectomy: OR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.44‐0.76]; lung resection: OR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.73‐0.93]; pancreatectomy: OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.56‐0.76]; proctectomy: OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.65‐0.85]). For the average patient at the average high‐volume hospital, there was a 2‐fold difference in the adjusted complication rate between the best‐performing and worst‐performing high‐volume surgeon for all operations (esophagectomy, 28%‐55%; lung resection, 7%‐21%; pancreatectomy, 16%‐35%; proctectomy, 16%‐28%). Wide variation was also present in adjusted 90‐day mortality for esophagectomy (3.5%‐9.3%). Results from New York's all‐payer database were similar.CONCLUSIONSEven among high‐volume surgeons meeting the Leapfrog volume standards, wide variation in postoperative outcomes exists. These findings suggest that volume alone should not be used as a quality indicator, and quality metrics should be continuously evaluated across all surgeons and hospital systems.LAY SUMMARY

Previous studies have demonstrated a surgical volume‐outcome relationship for high‐risk operations—that is high‐volume surgeons and hospitals that perform a specific surgical procedure more frequently have better outcomes for that operation.

Although most high‐volume surgeons had better outcomes, this study demonstrated that some high‐volume surgeons did not have better outcomes.

Therefore, volume is an important factor but should not be the only factor considered when assessing the quality of a surgeon and a hospital for cancer surgery.
Primary splenic histiocytic sarcoma associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A case report and review of literature of next‐generation sequencing involving FLT3, NOTCH2, and KMT2A mutations
Authors: Montalvo Nelson , Lara‐Endara Jorge , Redrobán Ligia , Leiva María , Armijos Christian , Russo Leonardo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHistiocytic sarcoma is a very rare monocyte/macrophage‐derived hematopoietic system tumor with a poor prognosis whose diagnosis is pathologically challenging due to its extreme rarity and histological overlap with various mimicking entities in which histiocytes also predominate.CaseWe report the case of a 33‐year‐old male patient with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, purpuric syndrome, and significant splenomegaly. The patient underwent splenectomy; subsequent macroscopic examination revealed a spleen weighing 2065 grams with hyperemic red pulp and multiple infarcts at the periphery. The histological and immunohistochemical study established a diagnosis of primary splenic histiocytic sarcoma with frequent hemophagocytosis. Next‐generation sequencing demonstrated mutations in FLT3, NOTCH2, and KMT2A, microsatellite stability, and a tumor mutational burden of 2 mut/Mb. The patient's condition deteriorated clinically from the appearance of the first symptoms and he died 6 months later from multi‐organ failure.ConclusionPrimary splenic histiocytic sarcoma is one of the rarest tumors of the hematopoietic system. We report the first case with mutations in FLT3, NOTCH2, and KMT2A, and associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.