bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selenocystine and Photo‐Irradiation Directed Growth of Helically Grooved Gold Nanoarrows
Authors: Wen Xin , Wang Song , Liu Rulin , Duan Ran , Hu Song , Jiao Tifeng , Zhang Li , Liu Minghua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe fabrication of discrete nanostructures with both plasmonic circular dichroism (PCD) and chiral features is still a challenge. Here, gold nanoarrows (GNAs) with both chiroptical responses and chiral morphologies are achieved by using L‐selenocystine (L‐SeCys2) as a chiral inducer. While L‐SeCys2 generates GNAs with a weak PCD signal, the irradiated L‐SeCys2 (irr‐L‐SeCys2) leads to GNAs with featured helical grooves (HeliGNAs) accompanying with a strong PCD signal. It is revealed that when L‐SeCys2 is photo‐irradiated, the emergence of selenyl radicals plays an important role in the formation of HeliGNAs and enhancement of the chiroptical signal. In comparison with L‐SeCys2 and the other kinds of sulfur‐containing amino acids, the formation mechanism of helical grooves on the surface of GNAs is proposed. Both HeliGNAs and GNAs are used to discriminate amino acids by utilizing surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. In the presence of either GNAs or HeliGNAs as the substrate, Fmoc‐L‐Phe shows more significant SERS than Fmoc‐D‐Phe. This study may advance the design of discrete plasmonic nanomaterials with both chiral morphology and potential applications in discrimination of chiral molecules.
On Demand Sequential Release of (Sub)Micron Particles Controlled by Size and Temperature
Authors: Liu Yue , Gould Oliver E. C. , Kratz Karl , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPolymeric devices capable of releasing submicron particles (subMP) on demand are highly desirable for controlled release systems, sensors, and smart surfaces. Here, a temperature‐memory polymer sheet with a programmable smooth surface served as matrix to embed and release polystyrene subMP controlled by particle size and temperature. subMPs embedding at 80 °C can be released sequentially according to their size (diameter D of 200 nm, 500 nm, 1 µm) when heated. The differences in their embedding extent are determined by the various subMPs sizes and result in their distinct release temperatures. Microparticles of the same size (D ≈ 1 µm) incorporated in films at different programming temperatures Tp (50, 65, and 80 °C) lead to a sequential release based on the temperature‐memory effect. The change of apparent height over the film surface is quantified using atomic force microscopy and the realization of sequential release is proven by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The demonstration and quantification of on demand subMP release are of technological impact for assembly, particle sorting, and release technologies in microtechnology, catalysis, and controlled release.
An Orthogonal Covalent Connector System for the Efficient Assembly of Enzyme Cascades on DNA Nanostructures
Authors: Kröll Sandra , Rabe Kersten S. , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCombining structural DNA nanotechnology with the virtually unlimited variety of enzymes offers unique opportunities for generating novel biocatalytic devices. However, the immobilization of enzymes is still restricted by a lack of efficient covalent coupling techniques. The rational re‐engineering of the genetically fusible SNAP‐tag linker is reported here. By replacing five amino acids that alter the electrostatic properties of the SNAP_R5 variant, up to 11‐fold increased coupling efficiency with benzylguanine‐modified oligonucleotides and DNA origami nanostructures (DON) was achieved, resulting in typical occupancy densities of 75%. The novel SNAP_R5 linker can be combined with the equally efficient Halo‐based oligonucleotide binding tag (HOB). Since both linkers exhibit neither cross‐reactivity nor non‐specific binding, they allowed orthogonal assembly of an enzyme cascade consisting of the stereoselective ketoreductase Gre2p and the cofactor‐regenerating isocitrate dehydrogenase on DON. The cascade showed approximately 1.6‐fold higher activity in a stereoselective cascade reaction than the corresponding free solubilized enzymes. The connector system presented here and the methods used to validate it represent important tools for further development of DON‐based multienzyme systems to investigate mechanistic effects of substrate channeling and compartmentalization relevant for exploitation in biosensing and catalysis.
Near‐Infrared II Plasmonic Phototheranostics with Glutathione Depletion for Multimodal Imaging‐Guided Hypoxia‐Tolerant Chemodynamic‐Photocatalytic‐Photothermal Cancer Therapy Triggered by a Single Laser
Authors: Shan Beibei , Liu Huyun , Li Linhu , Lu Yaxuan , Li Ming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTumor microenvironment (TME)‐activatable phototheranostics is highly desirable in cancer management but still remains challenging for clinical applications owing to the lack of multifunctional theranostic agents and the limited tissue penetration depth. Reported here is an “all‐in‐one” phototheranostic platform based on near‐infrared II (NIR‐II) dual‐plasmonic Au@Cu2−xSe core‐shell nanocrystals (dpGCS NCs) for combined photoacoustic (PA)/photothermal (PT) imaging‐guided chemodynamic therapy (CDT)/photocatalytic therapy (PCT)/photothermal therapy (PTT) all triggered by a single NIR‐II laser. The dpGCS NCs feature excellent NIR‐II plasmonic and PT properties, which guarantee their capabilities of NIR‐II PA and PT imaging for real‐time visual observation of tumor size and location during cancer treatment. Additionally, the TME‐activated in situ •OH production via dpGCS NC‐catalyzed Fenton‐like reaction is further enhanced by the NIR‐II irradiation, while photoexcited plasmonic hole‐induced formation of extra •OH is also evidenced for PCT. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirm remarkable therapeutic efficacy of the present phototheranostic platform under NIR‐II laser through the CDT/PCT/PTT trimodal combination therapy, achieving complete inhibition of tumor growth in tumor‐bearing mice after administration of dpGCS NCs plus a single NIR‐II laser irradiation. This work provides a distinctive paradigm for the development of NIR‐II phototheranostic platforms for imaging‐guided cancer therapy using a single laser.
A Copper Iodide Cluster‐Based Metal–Organic Polyhedra for Photocatalytic Click Chemistry
Authors: Wu Yao , Xie Mo , Jin Ji-Kang , Zhang Zhi-Yin , Hu Han , Tian You-Ping , Xiao Yu-Qing , Ning Guo-Hong , Li Dan , Jiang Xuanfeng 
Published: November 2021

Self‐assembly from versatile inorganic secondary building units (SBUs) is an important strategy for constructing metal–organic compounds with sophisticated structures and desired functionality. Herein, a copper(I) iodide cluster‐based metal–organic polyhedra (MOP) (Cu3I3)4L1
4 (1) (L

1
= 1,3,5‐trispyridylsulfanylethyl)‐2,4,6‐triethylbenzene, 2‐mercaptopyridine) is synthesized. Due to the abnormal geometry of [Cu3I3] SBUs, MOP 1 exhibits a half‐truncated cube topology, which is rarely observed up to date. Compared with commonly used metal ion or clusters, the coordination bond between the [Cu3I3] SBU and the ligand are rather labile in solution evidenced by the theoretical calculations and experimental results. Interestingly, the liable [Cu3I3] SBU endows MOP 1 to photocatalyze the azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction in aqueous solution with high efficiency, excellent tolerance (>80% isolated yield for 18 examples), and good recyclability. The mechanistic studies reveal a photoinduced electron transfer from the MOP to azide, which is unusual in copper‐catalyzed click reactions.
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in cancer stem cells
Authors: Ma Zhonghua , Ji Jiafu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a unique subset of undifferentiated cells with stem cell-like properties, have emerged as driving forces in mediating tumor growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Recent advances have highlighted that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification plays an important role in cancer biology and CSCs. Dynamic m6A decoration has been demonstrated to be involved in CSC generation and maintenance, governing cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we provide the first overview of the current knowledge of m6A modification implicated in CSCs and their impact on CSC properties, tumor progression, and responses to treatment. We also highlight the potential of m6A machinery as novel targets for cancer therapeutics. The involvement of m6A modification in CSCs provides a new direction for exploring cancer pathogenesis and inspires the development of effective strategies to fully eliminate both cancer cells and CSCs.
CD44+ cells determine fenofibrate-induced microevolution of drug-resistance in prostate cancer cell populations
Authors: Wróbel Tomasz , Luty Marcin , Catapano Jessica , Karnas Elżbieta , Szczygieł Małgorzata , Piwowarczyk Katarzyna , Ryszawy Damian , Drabik Grażyna , Zuba-Surma Ewa , Siedlar Maciej , Madeja Zbigniew , Elas Martyna , Czyż Jarosław 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Combinations of metabolic blockers (including fenofibrate) with chemotherapeutic drugs interfere with the drug-resistance of prostate cancer cells. However, their effect on cancer stem cells-dependent microevolution of prostate cancer malignancy remains unaddressed. Here, we hypothesize that the combined docetaxel/fenofibrate treatment prompts the selective expansion of cancer stem cells that affects the microevolution of their progenies. Accordingly, we adapted a combined in vitro/in vivo approach to identify biological and therapeutic consequences of this process. Minute subpopulations of docetaxel-resistant CD133high and/or CD44high cancer stem cell-like (SCL) cells were found in prostate cancer DU145 and PC3 cell populations. When pretreated with docetaxel, they readily differentiated into docetaxel-resistant CD44negative “bulk” cells, thus accounting for the microevolution of drug-resistant cell lineages. Combined docetaxel/fenofibrate treatment induced the generation of poly(morpho)nuclear giant cells and drug-resistant CD44high SCL cells. However, the CD44negative offspring of docetaxel- and docetaxel/fenofibrate-treated SCLs remained relatively sensitive to the combined treatment, while retaining enhanced resistance to docetaxel. Long-term propagation of drug-resistant SCL-derived lineages in the absence of docetaxel/fenofibrate resulted in their reverse microevolution toward the drug-sensitivity and invasive phenotype. Consequently, prostate tumors were able to recover from the combined docetaxel/fenofibrate stress after the initial arrest of their expansion in vivo. In conclusion, we have confirmed the potential of fenofibrate for the metronomic treatment of drug-resistant prostate tumors. However, docetaxel/fenofibrate-induced selective expansion of hyper-resistant CD44high SCL prostate cells and their “bulk” progenies prompts the microevolution of prostate tumor drug-resistance. This process can limit the implementation of metabolic chemotherapy in prostate cancer treatment.
Exosome-educated macrophages and exosomes differentially improve ligament healing
Authors: Chamberlain Connie S. , Kink John A. , Wildenauer Linzie A. , McCaughey Maxwell , Henry Katie , Spiker Andrea M. , Halanski Matthew A. , Hematti Peiman , Vanderby Ray 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recently, our group used exosomes from mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) to simulate an M2 macrophage phenotype, that is, exosome-educated macrophages (EEMs). These EEMs, when delivered in vivo, accelerated healing in a mouse Achilles tendon injury model. For the current study, we first tested the ability of EEMs to reproduce the beneficial healing effects in a different rodent model, that is, a rat medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury model. We hypothesized that treatment with EEMs would reduce inflammation and accelerate ligament healing, similar to our previous tendon results. Second, because of the translational advantages of a cell-free therapy, exosomes alone were also examined to promote MCL healing. We hypothesized that MSC-derived exosomes could also alter ligament healing to reduce scar formation. Similar to our previous Achilles tendon results, EEMs improved mechanical properties in the healing ligament and reduced inflammation, as indicated via a decreased endogenous M1/M2 macrophage ratio. We also showed that exosomes improved ligament remodeling as indicated by changes in collagen production and organization, and reduced scar formation but without improved mechanical behavior in healing tissue. Overall, our findings suggest EEMs and MSC-derived exosomes improve healing but via different mechanisms. EEMs and exosomes each have attractive characteristics as therapeutics. EEMs as a cell therapy are terminally differentiated and will not proliferate or differentiate. Alternatively, exosome therapy can be used as a cell free, shelf-stable therapeutic to deliver biologically active components. Results herein further support using EEMs and/or exosomes to improve ligament healing by modulating inflammation and promoting more advantageous tissue remodeling.
Sequestration of eIF4A by angiomotin: A novel mechanism to restrict global protein synthesis in trophoblast cells
Authors: Basak Trishita , Dey Amit Kumar , Banerjee Rachana , Paul Sandip , Maiti Tushar Kanti , Ain Rupasri 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Enrichment of angiomotin (AMOT) in the ectoplacental cone of E7.5 murine placenta prompted our investigation on the role of AMOT in trophoblast differentiation. We show here that AMOT levels increased in mouse placenta during gestation and also upon induction of differentiation in trophoblast stem cell ex vivo. Proteomic data unravelling AMOT-interactome in trophoblast cells indicated a majority of AMOT interactors to be involved in protein translation. In-depth analysis of AMOT-interactome led to identification of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) as the most plausible AMOT interactor. Loss of function of AMOT enhanced, whereas, gain in function resulted in decline of global protein synthesis in trophoblast cells. Bioinformatics analysis evaluating the potential energy of AMOT-eIF4A binding suggested a strong AMOT-eIF4A interaction using a distinct groove encompassing amino acid residue positions 238 to 255 of AMOT. Co-immunoprecipitation of AMOT with eIF4A reaffirmed AMOT-eIF4A association in trophoblast cells. Deletion of 238 to 255 amino acids of AMOT resulted in abrogation of AMOT-eIF4A interaction. In addition, 238 to 255 amino acid deletion of AMOT was ineffective in eliciting AMOT's function in reducing global protein synthesis. Interestingly, AMOT-dependent sequestration of eIF4A dampened its loading to the m7-GTP cap and hindered its interaction with eIF4G. Furthermore, enhanced AMOT expression in placenta was associated with intrauterine growth restriction in both rats and humans. These results not only highlight a hitherto unknown novel function of AMOT in trophoblast cells but also have broad biological implications as AMOT might be an inbuilt switch to check protein synthesis in developmentally indispensable trophoblast cells.
IRF7 suppresses hematopoietic regeneration under stress via CXCR4
Authors: Chen Ying-Ying , Liu Yu-Feng , Liu Yong-Dong , Deng Xiao-Hui , Zhou Jie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain quiescence under steady state; however, they are compelled to proliferate and expand to replenish the blood system under stress. The molecular basis underlying stress hematopoiesis remains to be fully understood. In this study, we reported that IRF7 represents an important regulator of stress hematopoiesis. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) was dispensable for normal hematopoiesis, whereas its deficiency significantly enhanced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) regeneration and improved long-term repopulation of HSCs under stress. Mechanistic studies showed that CXCR4 was identified as a downstream target of IRF7. Overexpression of CXCR4 abrogated the enhanced proliferation and regeneration of IRF7-deficient HSPCs under stress. Similar results were obtained in HSCs from human umbilical cord blood. These observations demonstrated that IRF7 plays an important role in hematopoietic regeneration under stress.
Urine stem cells are equipped to provide B cell survival signals
Authors: Zidan Asmaa A. , Perkins Griffith B. , Al-Hawwas Mohammed , Elhossiny Ahmed , Yang Jianyu , Bobrovskaya Larisa , Mourad Ghada M. , Zhou Xin-Fu , Hurtado Plinio R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe interplay between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and immune cells has been studied for MSCs isolated from different tissues. However, the immunomodulatory capacity of urine stem cells (USCs) has not been adequately researched. The present study reports on the effect of USCs on peripheral blood lymphocytes. USCs were isolated and characterized before coculture with resting and with anti-CD3/CD28 bead stimulated lymphocytes. Similarly to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), USCs inhibited the proliferation of activated T lymphocytes and induced their apoptosis. However, they also induced strong activation, proliferation, and cytokine and antibody production by B lymphocytes. Molecular phenotype and supernatant analysis revealed that USCs secrete a range of cytokines and effector molecules, known to play a central role in B cell biology. These included B cell-activating factor (BAFF), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and CD40L. These findings raise the possibility of an unrecognized active role for kidney stem cells in modulating local immune cells.
Seed coat color genetics and genotype × environment effects in yellow beans via machine‐learning and genome‐wide association
Authors: Sadohara Rie , Long Yunfei , Izquierdo Paulo , Urrea Carlos A. , Morris Daniel , Cichy Karen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is consumed worldwide, with strong regional preferences for seed appearance characteristics. Colors of the seed coat, hilum ring, and corona are all important, along with susceptibility to postharvest darkening, which decreases seed value. This study aimed to characterize a collection of 295 yellow bean genotypes for seed appearance and postharvest darkening, evaluate genotype × environment (G × E) effects and map those traits via genome‐wide association analysis. Yellow bean germplasm were grown for 2 yr in Michigan and Nebraska and seed were evaluated for L*a*b* color values, postharvest darkening, and hilum ring and corona colors. A model to exclude the hilum ring and corona of the seeds, black background, and light reflection was developed by using machine learning, allowing for targeted and efficient L*a*b* value extraction from the seed coat. The G × E effects were significant for the color values, and Michigan‐grown seeds were darker than Nebraska‐grown seeds. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with L* and hilum ring color on Pv10 near the J gene involved in mature seed coat color and hilum ring color. A SNP on Pv07 associated with L*, a*, postharvest darkening, and hilum ring and corona colors was near the P gene, the ground factor gene for seed coat color expression. The machine‐learning‐aided model used to extract color values from the seed coat, the wide variability in seed morphology traits, and the associated SNPs provide tools for future breeding and research efforts to meet consumers’ expectations for bean seed appearance.
Migrant and Refugee Background Students Learning Through Play
Authors: Ferreira Jonathan , Kendrick Maureen , Early Margaret 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the unprecedented increase of forced displacement in recent years, there has been a growing concern with how children from migrant and refugee backgrounds adjust to resettlement in Western schools. Adopting a sociocultural approach to science education, the authors explore how scientific concepts related to the water cycle and practices such as modelling are realized multimodally through play. By means of two constructive and imaginative play activities, block building and scrapbook making, illustrative examples showcase how four children from migrant and refugee backgrounds repurposed various multimodal resources to make sense of scientific concepts, use scientific language, and problem solve in relation to their life experiences beyond the classroom. Implications encourage teachers to consider designing content‐area language instruction infused with play‐based activities to give rise to alternative avenues through which emerging bi/multilingual learners can take risks, be engaged cognitively, and apply their new knowledge creatively.
Responsive Teaching in the Writer’s Workshop
Authors: Helsel Lisa , Kelly Katie , Wong Kelsey 
Published: November 2021

AbstractJourney with a third‐grade community of writers as they develop their writing identities and abilities in a responsive approach to writers’ workshop. Instruction is framed around the writers’ workshop approach, where students’ choice and voice are centered within extended periods of time for writing, alongside daily mini‐lessons addressing the ongoing needs of each student writer. Knowledgeable about each child as an individual and as a writer, their teacher, Ms. H tailors whole group, small group, and individual instruction to address their unique needs. She fosters a community of writers through her intentional feedback and guidance to support children as they navigate writing partnerships with their peers. She supports them as they work to overcome roadblocks along the way while celebrating the journey as a community of authors.
Evaluation of intraperitoneal administration of morphine on post‐operative pain management after ovariohysterectomy in dogs
Authors: Rezaeipour Aida , Naddaf Hadi , Jalali Seyedeh Missagh , Sabiza Soroush 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present prospective randomized experimental study was designed to assess pain control with intraperitoneal morphine following ovariohysterectomy in dogs. A group of 12 mixed breed female dogs, aged 1–2 years, weighing 19.95 ± 0.95 kg were included. Forty minutes after sedation with 0.05 mg/kg intramuscular acepromazine 1%, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg). The dogs were connected to the inhalation anaesthesia circuit using isoflurane. Ovariohysterectomy was performed, and before the closure of linea alba, the animals received intraperitoneal morphine (0.5 mg/kg) (in group M) and saline (0.2 ml/kg) (in group S). No significant difference was detected in total protein and glucose levels between the groups, while the cortisol level in group M was significantly lower than group S 1, 3 and 6 h after surgery. Furthermore, the comparison of the rectal temperature, heart rates and respiratory rates showed no major differences. Additionally, no significant alterations were detected between the groups considering the changes in the pain scores with simple descriptive score, Glasgow, University of Melbourne pain scale, sedation status and Sammarco methods. Finally, three cases in group S and two cases in group M were given an intramuscular analgesic rescue dose of morphine. Although a significant decline was observed in cortisol levels following intraperitoneal morphine administration, there were no beneficial changes in the efficiency of post‐operative analgesia in status and clinical signs compared to the control group. Further studies are required to investigate intraperitoneal morphine effectiveness in post‐operative pain management.