bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Degassing System at the MSW Landfill
Authors: Shkileva Anna 
Published: June 2021

Aitolo-Akarnania prefecture, western Greece, is an area with strong earthquakes and large active fault systems. The most, the second half of the 20th century was characterized for the world community by the aggravation of the environmental problem. Anthropogenic pollution of the environment with the growth of industrial and agricultural production, the growth of cities, the size of the population, the volume of their consumption clearly indicates that the world community is on the brink of an abyss. The destruction of forests, pollution of water bodies, degradation of soil, flora and fauna, the emergence of new diseases clearly shows that if urgent and drastic measures are not taken to save the environment, the life of future generations is problematic. In Russia, as in other countries of the world, the amount of solid household waste has been sharply increasing lately. Therefore, their processing and disposal is becoming an increasingly urgent problem that requires the adoption of complex solutions. At the same time, overcrowded and smoking landfills, as well as formed unauthorized landfills are the main sources of environmental pollution. Landfills of solid municipal waste not only cause an epidemiological hazard, but due to the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste, causing the formation of explosive biogas, become a powerful source of biological pollution. Biogas generated at MSW landfills in the process of decomposition has a toxic effect on living organisms, contributes to the outbreak of fires, and is a source of unpleasant odors. This problem must be solved by introducing a degassing system at municipal solid waste landfills already at the stage of their operation. The proposed degassing system at the MSW landfill is aimed at reducing the negative impact of biogas on the environment. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091706 Full Text: PDF
Implementation of The Law of Teachers and Lecturers
Authors: Lestari Sulistyani Eka 
Published: June 2021

Law of Teachers and Lecturers (UUGD) as a form of recognition and appreciation to teachers and lecturers' profession. In the implementation of UUGD, teacher governance is often very complex and faced with various problems. The question in this study is why teacher governance has not been good. This study uses the qualitative approach chosen because of its open and flexible nature. Through open interviews (individuals and groups) as well as several focus group discussions (FGD) FGD found that teacher governance problems in the implementation of UUGD are related to many issues, for example: the lack of clear definitions of teachers and their implications on additional tasks (structural) and functional supervisors, curriculum changes, quantity-distribution-mutation of teachers, quality-specialization-workshops of civil servants and non-civil servants teachers, teacher protection, teacher awards, and teacher professional organizations.
Arā’u Ibni Jinnī fī al Ẓawāhiri al Ṣautiyati fī Mīzāni al Dirāsati al Ṣautiati al Mu’āṣirati
Authors: Kuswardono Singgih 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

IbnJinniy (322-392 A.H./ 933-1001 A.D.) is a well-known language philosopher. He is considered to be the first linguist who defined language as a sound, a sound that is used by community to express their social objectives. No one among linguists has opposed to this definition and it has even been followed by all Arab linguists up to now. IbnJinniy paid attention to speech sound much greater than any linguists in his era and he is regarded to be the first linguist who studied Arabic speech sounds in his work (سر الصناعة) and some others in his book (الخصائص).
Whith in IbnJinniy’s views, he had laid down foundation of speech sounds phenomenon more comprehensive than who ever was before him in the past. He became the founder of thoughst and theories in speech sounds phenomenon which linguists make it reference to the present time. According to IbnJinniy, the speech sounds phenomenon consisting: 1) morphophenemic phenomenon; 2) pronunciation phenomenon; 3) metric/ prosodi phenomenon; and 4) dialect phenomenon.
Along with linguistic branching out more than 2000 years, the speech sound phenomenon thoughts also grow up. There are some new terms never known before appear, some are similiar as Ibn Jinniys terms, some others improve Ibn Jinniys thought in speech sound phenomenon. Speech sound phenomenon terms which are equal or as same as Ibn Jinny meaning such (المماثلة التامة) equal to (الإدغام الأكبر), (المخالفة) equal to (الإبدال كراهية التضعيف). Whereas some speech sound phenomenon terms which improve or detail Ibn Jinniy thought are: (1) (التخفيف بإزالة التضعيف وفك الإدغام) is the exeptional of (الإدغام الأكبر) for example: (اقتتل واشتتم), (الحمد لله العلي الأجلل); (2) (تخفيف صوت المفرد) is the mutation part of /ا/ on /ء/, such its examples were mentioned by Ibn Jinniy: (آمن) from (أأمن), (راس) from (رأس), and (باس) from (بأس); and (3) (توافق الصوائت) is the explanation about first pronoun form and its changed form, such (عليهِمْ، إليهِم، بِهِ، بِهِمْ) form (عَلَيْهُمْ، إِلَيْهُمْ، بِهُ، بِهُمْ).
استخدام الإختبارفي تعليم اللغة العربية لترقية كفاءة مهارة الكلام
Authors: Buska Wahyudi 
Published: June 2021

التجريد
مهارة الكلام احدى المهارات اللغوية العربية التي يجب أن يحصل عليها متعلمها ودارسها. ولكن الحصول عليها ليس امرا سهلا. هذا ما رأينا في الوافع أن هناك متعلمى اللغة العربية أو دارسيها الذين تعلموا هذه اللغة سنوات ومن الأسف هم لم يستطيعوا التكلام والتحدث بها، وأن لا تحدث هذه الحادثة مستمرا فهذا البحث يعالج هذه المشكلة والمسألة بعرض استراتيجية التي يمكن أن يستفيد كل معلم اللغة ومتعلمها منها وينتفع منها.
Grading Rage in the Pastoral Care Classroom
Authors: Sharp Mindy McGarrah 
Published: June 2021

Assessment and grading can elicit rage on the part of both learners and teachers. Can rage lead to creative transformation of classroom cultures to support students in achieving learning goals? Can rage sharpen pedagogical commitments? The author reviews a critical incident of unexpected grading rage that emerged in her once a week three-hour masters level introductory pastoral care classroom, what she did about it in the moment, and how three strategies she employed could be helpful for teaching and learning religion and theology more broadly. When grading rage emerges in the pastoral care classroom and beyond, teaching and learning misunderstanding stories, facilitated by neutral questions in charged contexts, can make room for creative transformation when supported by third voices.
Kontroversi Sanksi Denda Pada Vaksinasi Covid-19 Dalam Perspektif Undang-Undang No. 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan
Authors: Otih Handayani  
Published: June 2021

Kesehatan merupakan Hak Asasi Manusia dan Negara bertanggung jawab atas penyediaan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan setiap warga negara Indonesia sebagaimana amanah Pasal 28H angka (1) dan Pasal 34 angka (3) UUD 1945. Pada Pandemic Covid-19, Pemerintah memimplementasikan dengan pengadaan vaksin dan pelaksanaan vaksinasi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma dalam hukum yang positif yang kemudian dihubungkan dengan pembahasan yang menjadi pokok pembahasan. Penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dilakukan dengan cara mengkaji aturan hukum bersifat formil seperti undang-undang, peraturan serta literatur yang berisi konsep-konsep teoritis. Hasil penelitian mendiskripsikan bahwa Dalam Perpres No. 14 tahun 2021 menyatakan bahwa Setiap orang yang telah ditetapkan sebagai sasaran penerima vaksin Covid- 19 dan tidak mengikuti vaksinasi Covid-19 dapat dikenai sanksi denda. Hal lain adalah penerima vaksin adalah orang sehat yang sesungguhnya tidak melakukan pelanggaran kesehatan sehingga peraturan ini tidak mencerminkan Asas keadilan sebagaimana tertera dalam pasal 2 Undang-Undang No. 36 tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan.
Nieznany XVI-wieczny inwentarz dworu iławskiego
Authors: Szczepański Seweryn 
Published: June 2021

Artykuł dotyczy inwentarza dworu urzędników w Iławie (Deutsch Eylau). W XIV w. Iława była siedzibą urzędnika zakonu krzyżackiego zwanego prokuratorem (Pfleger), w XV wieku zastąpili ich komornicy (Kammerer). Po sekularyzacji zakonu krzyżackiego Iława stała się siedzibą książęcych starostów (Starostei). Urzędnicy krzyżaccy i książęcy posiadali w mieście swoją siedzibę. O jej wyglądzie i wyposażeniu informują inwentarze średniowieczne, które zostały opublikowane w zbiorze Das grosse Ämterbuch des Deutschen Ordens. Znacznie mniej wiadomo na temat dworu w Iławie w okresie po 1525 r. Opublikowany niżej inwentarz z XVI w. (z około 1529–1534 r.) oraz wstęp do inwentarza, mam nadzieję, wypełni te braki.
Authors: . Soeharjoto , Leila Yusran Husna , Aryani Tribudhi Debbie , Hermawan Asep , Masnita Yolanda 
Published: June 2021

Covid 19 pandemic has an impact on decreasing people’s income and accelerating 4.0 industrial revolutions, due to major changes in people’s consumption patterns. After large scale social restrictions implementation, and entered new normal era, brought fresh air for increasing small and medium enterprises sales turnover. Purpose of community service is to help increasing sales turnover by utilizing market potential. Training and counseling method used with basic market potential and market strategy materials. Results of the implementation can increase participant knowledge and insight regarding market and marketing potentials to 90 percent, and marketing strategy becomes 76 percent. It will motivate partners and dare to make innovation at marketing. Participants are members of the cooperative, also main actor in their group, so they can provide large multiplier effect and become an advantage of this activity. In further implementation, in order to increase profits, this community service needs longer time duration with tofu and tempe production process material to support efficiency and effectiveness.
PEMANTAUAN DAN MITIGASI TINGKAT POTENSI BENCANA KEKERINGAN DI KOTA DUMAI
Authors: Arya Eggy , Safitri Yuliana , Riyadhno Fitrah Andika 
Published: June 2021

Kekeringan lahan yang terjadi saat musim kemarau memberikan dampak buruk bagi vegetasi, salah satunya tanah Gambut sangat sensitif terhadap kenaikan suhu menimbulkan kebakaran hutan. Kota Dumai menjadi salah satu daerah yang sering mengalami kebakaran hutan dan lahan, efek terjadi kebakaran ini menjadikan lahan tersebut memiliki kualitas yang menurun meliputi fisika, kimia, dan adanya erosi tanah. Dalam tulisan ini, kami memantau adanya peningkatan dan penuruan dalam beberapa kategori kekeringan lahan. Adapun parameter yang digunakan seperti vegetation health index (VHI), vegetation condition index (VCI), dan temperature condition index (TCI) pada tahun 2013 dan tahun 2018. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan wilayah kekeringan mengalami kenaikan total selama periode pengamatan sebesar 23.119 hektar lahan, dengan kategori tanpa kekeringan terjadi penurunan seluas 23.119 ha, kemudian kategori kekeringan ringan terjadi peningkatan seluas19.510 ha, selanjutnya kategori kekeringan sedang terjadi peningkatan seluas 13.444 ha, lalu kategori kekeringan parah terjadi penurunan seluas 9.163 ha, dan kekeringan ekstrim mengalami penurunan seluas 672 ha. hal ini sejalan dengan terjadinya kenaikan pada suhu tahun 2013 mencapai 38 ºC kemudian mengalami peningkatan menjadi 47,53ºC di tahun 2018 yang sedang mengalami kebakaran hutan dan lahan
Case Report: Rhizopus arrhizus Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mycosis and Lethal Midline Granuloma: Another Fungal Etiological Agent
Authors: Li Dong Ming , Lun Li De , Ge Jie , Zhang Gong Jie , Li Xin Lun , de Hoog G. Sybren 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Both rhino-orbital-cerebral mycosis and lethal midline granuloma (LMG) may result in midline destruction. LMG has now been generally considered as a natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL-NT) with an association of EBV. Fungi have been detected from the diseased tissues now and then but are often considered as lymphoma-associated infections. We previously reported an ENKTL-NT case with Mucor irregularis, which played a causal role in the disease and was involved in the overexpression of Ki67 and CD56 in the mouse experiment. The present study describes a chronic Rhizopus arrhizus infection with immunological parameters that are closely similar to LMG. We aim to explore the relationship of another Mucorales fungus, R. arrhizus, and LMG in a patient and in mice.Methods: Case study and mouse infection modules were designed for our observation. A 35-year-old man with midline face ulcers which was clinically suspected as LMG was selected. Biopsy specimens were sent for lymphoma diagnosis and microbiological detection. The isolated fungus was tested in an ICR mouse model for mycological and histological analyses.Results: Five tissue samples yielded Rhizopus arrhizus. In the pathology, characteristic inflammation, necrosis, and granulation with thin-walled hyphae are observed. Immunohistochemistry showed NK/T cell infiltration (CD3+, CD8+, TIA1+, GZMB+, PRF+, individual CD56+) with hyperplasia (Ki67+) and angioinvasion. The patient recovered completely with amphotericin B. In the murine experiment, R. arrhizus caused angioinvasion with NK/T cell infiltration (CD3+, CD56+, TIA1+, GZMB +, PRF+) with proliferation (Ki67+) and was re-isolated from the infected host.Conclusions: We here describe a mid-face destruction patient, which was diagnosed by the top pathologists in China according to the current criteria of NK/T cell lymphoma, with a negative result for EBV and positive result for R. arrhizus. With a then developed mouse experiment, the R. arrhizus in the diseased lesions was responsible for the NK/T cell infiltration (CD3+, CD8+, CD56+, TIA1+, GZMB+, PRF+), proliferation (Ki67+), and angioinvasion, suggesting another fungal etiological agent for LMG, which could be eradicated with amphotericin B.Limitations: The sample size is not sufficient for statistical analysis. However, our findings are suggestive for the role fungus plays in LMG.
Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Following Appendectomy in Adulthood
Authors: Chung Wei-Sheng , Chung Sunny , Hsu Chung-Y , Lin Cheng-Li 
Published: June 2021

Background: The appendix has a complicated immune function, and appendectomy may derange the immune system. Studies on the relationship between appendectomy and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been inconsistent. We conducted a nationwide cohort study consisting of individuals who underwent appendectomy to evaluate the incidence and risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD).Methods: We identified patients aged &gt;20 years who underwent appendectomy between 2000 and 2012 from inpatient claims of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and assigned them to the appendectomy cohort. Then, we randomly selected patients without appendectomy in the NHIRD and assigned them to the comparison cohort in a frequency-matched 1:1 ratio based on sex, age, and index year. We tracked down all participants until IBD diagnosis, death, or the end of 2013. Cox models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compare the IBD risk between the appendectomy and comparison cohorts.Results: The appendectomy and comparison cohorts in the study consisted of 246 562 patients each. The appendectomy cohort exhibited a 2.23- and 3.48-fold higher risk of UC (adjusted HR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.59-3.12) and CD (adjusted HR = 3.48, 95% CI = 2.42-4.99), respectively, than did the comparison cohort. UC and CD risks significantly increased in the appendectomy cohort regardless of whether appendicitis was present.Conclusions: Our study suggests that appendectomy increases UC and CD risks irrespective of appendicitis.
High Expression of Cancer-IgG Is Associated With Poor Prognosis and Radioresistance via PI3K/AKT/DNA-PKcs Pathway Regulation in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Xiongtao , Wang Guohui , You Jing , Gu Runchuan , Xu Xiaohong , Xu Changdan , Wang Hao , Zhao Ruisong , Qiu Xiaoyan , Zhu Guangying 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the dominant type of lung neoplasms, and radiotherapy is its mainstay treatment, yet poor prognosis caused by radioresistance remains problematic. Cancer-derived immunoglobulin G (cancer-IgG) has been detected in multiple cancers and plays important roles in carcinogenesis. This study aimed to demonstrate that cancer-IgG is associated with poor prognosis of LUAD and to identify its role in radioresistance.MethodsCancer-IgG expression was detected by immunohistochemistry from 56 patients with stage III LUAD and by western blot and immunofluorescence in LUAD cell lines and in a human bronchial epithelial cell line. The effects of cancer-IgG silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of PC9 and H292 cells were evaluated by plate cloning and apoptosis assay; the effects of cancer-IgG silencing on DNA damage repair ability and radiosensitivity were evaluated by colony-forming assay, γH2AX immunofluorescence, and neutral comet assay. Finally, we used the protein phosphorylation microarray and western blot to explore mechanisms involving cancer-IgG that increased radioresistance.ResultsCancer-IgG is widely expressed in stage III LUAD, and the overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with positive expression are notably lower than those of patients with negative expression, indicating the associations between cancer-IgG and poor prognosis as well as radioresistance. The expression of cancer-IgG in the four LUAD cell lines was located mainly on the cell membrane and cytoplasm and not in the normal lung epithelial cell. Knockdown of cancer-IgG in PC9 and H292 cells resulted in increased apoptosis and negatively affected cancer cell proliferation. After irradiation, silencing of cancer-IgG showed a decrease in colonies as well as increases in the Olive tail moment and γH2AX foci in nucleus, indicating that the knockdown of cancer-IgG resulted in a decrease in the damage repair ability of DNA double-strand breaks in LUAD cells and an enhanced radiosensitivity. The expression of p-AKT, p-GSK3β, and p-DNA-PKcs decreased in the knockdown group after radiotherapy, suggesting that cancer-IgG could affect radiotherapy resistance by mediating double-strand breaks damage repair in LUAD cells through the PI3K/AKT/DNA-PKcs pathway.ConclusionsThis study revealed that cancer-IgG regulates PI3K/AKT/DNA-PKcs signaling pathways to affect radioresistance of LUAD and associated with poor prognosis.
Adrenomedullin Expression Characterizes Leukemia Stem Cells and Associates With an Inflammatory Signature in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Simonetti Giorgia , Angeli Davide , Petracci Elisabetta , Fonzi Eugenio , Vedovato Susanna , Sperotto Alessandra , Padella Antonella , Ghetti Martina , Ferrari Anna , Robustelli Valentina , Di Liddo Rosa , Conconi Maria Teresa , Papayannidis Cristina , Cerchione Claudio , Rondoni Michela , Astolfi Annalisa , Ottaviani Emanuela , Martinelli Giovanni , Gottardi Michele 
Published: June 2021

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a hypotensive and vasodilator peptide belonging to the calcitonin gene-related peptide family. It is secreted in vitro by endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, and is significantly upregulated by a number of stimuli. Moreover, ADM participates in the regulation of hematopoietic compartment, solid tumors and leukemias, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To better characterize ADM involvement in AML pathogenesis, we investigated its expression during human hematopoiesis and in leukemic subsets, based on a morphological, cytogenetic and molecular characterization and in T cells from AML patients. In hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and T lymphocytes from healthy subjects, ADM transcript was barely detectable. It was expressed at low levels by megakaryocytes and erythroblasts, while higher levels were measured in neutrophils, monocytes and plasma cells. Moreover, cells populating the hematopoietic niche, including mesenchymal stem cells, showed to express ADM. ADM was overexpressed in AML cells versus normal CD34+ cells and in the subset of leukemia compared with hematopoietic stem cells. In parallel, we detected a significant variation of ADM expression among cytogenetic subgroups, measuring the highest levels in inv(16)/t(16;16) or complex karyotype AML. According to the mutational status of AML-related genes, the analysis showed a lower expression of ADM in FLT3-ITD, NPM1-mutated AML and FLT3-ITD/NPM1-mutated cases compared with wild-type ones. Moreover, ADM expression had a negative impact on overall survival within the favorable risk class, while showing a potential positive impact within the subgroup receiving a not-intensive treatment. The expression of 135 genes involved in leukemogenesis, regulation of cell proliferation, ferroptosis, protection from apoptosis, HIF-1α signaling, JAK-STAT pathway, immune and inflammatory responses was correlated with ADM levels in the bone marrow cells of at least two AML cohorts. Moreover, ADM was upregulated in CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells from AML patients compared with healthy controls and some ADM co-expressed genes participate in a signature of immune tolerance that characterizes CD4+ T cells from leukemic patients. Overall, our study shows that ADM expression in AML associates with a stem cell phenotype, inflammatory signatures and genes related to immunosuppression, all factors that contribute to therapy resistance and disease relapse.
Pharmacokinetics, Immunogenicity and Safety Study for SHR-1309 Injection and Perjeta® in Healthy Chinese Male Volunteers
Authors: Cui Yingzi , Cui Dongyang , Ren Xinran , Chen Xuesong , Liu Guangwen , Liu Zhengzhi , Wang Yanli , Qu Xinyao , Zhao Yicheng , Yang Haimiao 
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Pertuzumab is a monoclonal antibody for the treatment of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity and safety of the test preparation SHR-1309 injecta and the reference preparation Perjeta® in healthy Chinese male subjects.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, single dose, two-way, parallel bioequivalence trial, a total of 80 qualified Chinese male subjects were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Each subject was intravenously injected with SHR-1309 or Perjeta®. Blood samples were collected at 21 different time points for pharmacokinetic analysis. In addition, immunogenicity was assessed at five different time points. The safety of the medication was monitored throughout the whole trial.Results: Cmax and AUC0-t were the primary pharmacokinetic parameters. Under a 90% confidence interval, their geometric mean ratios were 98.30 and 88.41% for SHR-1309 injection and Perjeta®, respectively. The geometric mean ratio of secondary pharmacokinetic parameters AUC0-∞ was 88.58%. These evaluation indexes are in the standard range of 80–125%, so SHR-1309 can be considered bioequivalent to Perjeta®. After 1,680 h (day 70) of administration, the two groups had 12 and 13 subjects who produced antidrug antibody (ADA), respectively. The occurrence time and proportion of ADA in SHR-1309 and Perjeta® were similar between subjects, and they had similar immunogenicity. During the entire trial period, there were 71 drug-related adverse reactions in 29 subjects who received SHR-1309 and 61 drug-related adverse reactions in 32 subjects who received Perjeta®. The incidence of adverse reactions between the two drugs was similar.Conclusion: The pharmacokinetic parameters, immunogenicity and safety of the biosimilar SHR-1309 injection produced by Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. were similar to the original drug Perjeta® produced by Roche Pharma AG. The two drugs met the bioequivalence evaluation criteria. Therefore, SHR-1309 is bioequivalent to Perjeta®. Clinical trial registration: CTR20200,738.