bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting Bone Lesions in The Emergency Room With Medical Infrared Thermography
Authors: Strasse Wally auf der , Campos Daniel Prado , Mendonça Celso Júnio Aguiar , Soni Jamil Faissal , Mendes Joaquim , Nohama Percy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Low to high-energy impact trauma may cause from small fissures up to extended bone losses, which can be classified as closed or opened injuries (when they are visible at a naked eye). Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of clinical diagnosis of bone trauma through medical infrared thermography, in a hospital emergency room. Methods: Forty-five patients with suspected diagnosis of bone fracture were evaluated by means of medical infrared images, and the data correlated to the gold standard radiographic images, in the anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views, at the orthopedic emergency department. The control group consisted of thermal images of the contralateral reference limb of the volunteers themselves. Data were acquired with a medical grade infrared camera in the regions of interest (ROIs) of leg, hand, forearm, clavicle, foot, and ankle. Results: In all patients evaluated with a diagnosis of bone fracture, the mean temperature of the affected limb showed a positive difference greater than 0.9 °C (towards the contralateral), indicating the exact location of the bone trauma according, while the areas diagnosed with reduced blood supply, showed a mean temperature with a negative variation. Conclusion: Clinical evaluation using infrared imaging indicates a high applicability potential as a tool to support quick diagnosis of bone fractures in patients with acute orthopedic trauma in an emergency medical setting. The thermal results showed important physiological data related to vascularization of the bone fracture and areas adjacent to the trauma well correlated to radiographic examinations.
Unfolding Water Quality Status During COVID-19 Lockdown for the Highly Polluted Santiago River in Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Kutralam-Muniasamy Gurusamy , Pérez-Guevara Fermín , Martinez Ignacio Elizalde , Chari Shruti Venkata 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Santiago River is one of Mexico's most polluted waterways and evaluating its surface water quality during the COVID-19 outbreak is critical to assessing the changes and improvements, if any, from the nationwide lockdown (April-May 2020). Hence, the data for 12 water quality parameters from 13 sampling stations during April-May 2020 (lockdown) were compared with the levels for the same period of 2019 (pre-lockdown) and with the same interval of previous eleven-years (2009-2019). The values of BOD (14%), COD (29%), TSS (7%), f. coli (31%), t. coli (14%) and Pb (20%) declined, while pH, EC, turbidity, total nitrogen and As enhanced by 0.3-21% during the lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period suggesting decrements of organic load in the river due to the temporary closure of industrial and commercial activities. An eleven-year comparison estimated the reduction of pH, TSS, COD, total nitrogen and Pb by 1-38%. The analysis of water quality index estimates showed short-term improvements of river water quality in the lockdown period, compared to pre-lockdown and eleven-year trend as well as indicated very poor quality of the river. The contamination sources identified by factor analysis were mainly related to untreated domestic sewage, industrial wastewaters and agriculture effluents influencing the river water quality. Overall, our findings demonstrated positive responses of COVID-19 imposed lockdown on water quality of the Santiago River during the study period, providing a foundation for the government policy makers to identify the sources of pollution, to better design environmental policies and plans for water quality improvements.
Integrated Analysis of CO2 Emission Intensity, Bilateral FDI, and Institutional Quality Nexus: Case Study of G20 Countries
Authors: Tripathy Prajukta , Khatua Monalisa , Behera Pragyanrani , Satpathy Lopamudra D. , Jena Pabitra Kumar , Mishra Bikash Ranjan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A clean natural environment is a primary concern of contemporary lives, business investments, and governments. However, there is a lack of knowledge of how countries can achieve high investment across borders and better institutional quality while protecting the environment. Thus the current paper explores the effect of bilateral FDI, institutional quality, and CO2 emission intensity on each other for 19 selected G20 countries over the 2009-2017 periods. This paper estimates the three equations that jointly address the endogeneity problem by employing both static and dynamic simultaneous econometrics techniques with a panel dataset. The empirical results confirm that bilateral FDI reduces CO2 emission intensity and strengthens the institutional quality in G20. The results also support a positive and significant effect of institutional quality on bilateral inward FDI and CO2 emission intensity. This paper confirms a positive and considerable feedback effect of CO2 emission intensity on institutional quality. Further, this study establishes a triplex relationship between these three factors and consolidates vital policy insights to achieve sustainable growth concerning the nexus among environment quality-FDI-institution quality for G20 economies.
Detecting Disease Association With Rare Variants Using Weighted Entropy
Authors: Li Yumei , Xiang Xinrong , Xiang Yang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe rapid development of sequencing technology and simultaneously the availability of large quantities of sequence data provides an unprecedented opportunity for researchers to conduct studies to detect rare variants associated with the disease. However, none of current existing statistical methods has uniform power in all scenarios because they more or less are affected by nonfunctional variants and variants with opposite effect. The present study focuses on identifying rare variant associated with the disease.Resultswe present a robust approach to identify rare variant using weighted entropy theory.This approach here takes the proportion of the minor allele among all k variants as its probability distribution, which reduces the noise incurred by non-causal variants, and uses a weight to strike a balance between deleterious rare variants and protective rare variants, which makes our method impacted less by variants with opposite effect. Through simulation studies, we investigate the performance of our method for rare variant association analyses as well as for common variant association analyses and compared it with Burden test and the SKAT-O test. Simulation study show that the proposed method is valid and outperform two existing methods. Meanwhile, the proposed method is affected slightly by non-causal variants and opposite effect variants with high and stable power for various paraments set.Conclusions﻿We conclude that the proposed method here can be used effectively to detect rare variant associated with the disease.
Comparison between fasting and non-fasting cut-off values of triglyceride in diagnosing high triglyceride in Chinese hypertensive outpatients
Authors: Xie Yingying , Qu Peiliu , Liu Ling , Du Xiao , Zhang Shilan , Guo Liling , Xiang Qunyan , Lin Qiuzhen , Xu Jin , Zhu Liyuan , Tan Yangrong , Fu Yan , Zhang Miao , Zang Xueyan , Wen Tie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Hypertension (HBP) often occurs together with hypertriglyceridemia that indicates elevated triglyceride (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC) levels. Non-fasting (i.e. postprandial) blood lipid test after a daily meal has been recommended by the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). However, little is known about the difference between fasting and non-fasting cut-off values in assessing high TG (HTG) and high RC (HRC) in HBP outpatients.
Methods

Two hundred and twenty-five Chinese outpatients with HBP were enrolled in this study. According to the time of blood lipid test, they were divided into two groups, i.e. the fasting group (n=119) and the non-fasting group (n=139). Non-fasting levels of blood lipids at 2 h after a daily breakfast were also tested in 33 patients among the fasting group. Venous blood samples were collected. Serum levels of blood lipids were measured by the enzymatic and direct methods on a HITACHI 7170A analyzer or estimated via related formulas.
Results

The non-fasting group had significantly higher levels of TG and RC while lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the fasting group (P༜0.05). According to TG and RC cut-off values of the EAS, the percentages of HTG and HRC in the non-fasting group were 67.6% and 65.6%, respectively, while those in the fasting group were 57.1% and 52.9%, respectively. However, the percentages of HTG in the fasting state and at 2 h after a daily breakfast in 33 outpatients did not reach statistical significance (57.6% v.s. 51.5%). So did the fasting and at 2 h non-fasting percentages of HRC in them.
Conclusion

Non-fasting blood lipid test could find more HBP outpatients with HTG in Chinese outpatients with HBP. However, the percentage of HTG at 2h after a daily breakfast seemed to be close to that in the fasting state.
An Ultrasonic Accelerated Three-Component Condensation By KCC-1: A High Mechanical Stability Silica Nanospheres As A Good Catalyst For Ultrasonic Irradiation
Authors: Oboudatian Hourieh Sadat , Safaei-Ghomi Javad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fibrous nano-silica sphere (KCC-1) has appeared as a good and efficient catalyst for ultrasonic irradiation conditions in chemical reactions. This catalyst has the unique properties such as a fibrous surface morphology, high surface area and high mechanical stability. The results indicated that the KCC-1 nanocatalyst could be used as high-performance catalysts under high temperature and pressure condition in organic reaction under ultrasonic irradiation. Morphology, structure, and composition of the fibrous nano-silica sphere were described by N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In this work, we used KCC-1@NH2 nanosilica as a basic catalyst for the preparation of chromenes under ultrasonic irradiation conditions for the first time. The recyclability, nontoxicity and high stability of the catalyst, combined with low reaction times and excellent yields, make the present protocol very useful for the synthesis of the title products under ultrasonic conditions. The produced products were confirmed via 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR analysis.
Proteome Expression Profile for Red Blood Cells Enables Diagnostics for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Shufang , Wang Guibin , Lu Shichun , Zhang Jiaying , Zhang Wenwen , Han Yuanyuan , Cai Xiaoyu , Zhuang Yuan , Pu Fei , Wang Liang , Huang Xirui , Fan Bin , Wang Deqing , ZHANG Zhaojun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroudEarly diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been clinically resolved, which has been causing more death in patients with HCC. HCC is also a systemic disease related to disorders of blood homeostasis, and the association of red blood cells (RBCs) and HCC tumorigenesis is still elusive. This study explored the protein characteristics of RBCs at the progressive pathological stages comparing with healthy individuals, including liver cirrhosis (LC) and established HCC, to fully understand the tumorigenesis of HCC from a different view and identify potentially novel diagnostic biomarkers for HCC in RBCs.MethodsData independent acquisition (DIA) proteomic analyses were performed with 72 clinical RBCs samples from a cohort of subjects including HCC, LC and healthy controls. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted for significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) through the whole process of tumorigenesis to characterize the clinical relevanve of RBCs and tumorigenesis in HCC. The highly potential tumorigenesis-associated molecular biomarkers were evaluated with clinical samples by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) technology.ResultsWe observed that red blood cells number dynamically changes during the tumorigenesis of HCC, and LC is a developmental stage more closely approaching HCC based on the protein expresson profiles in RBCs. The expression of hemoglobin (HbA, HbF) in erythroid cells also dynamically alters during the whole process of HCC tumorigenesis, suggesting immature erythroid cells exist in peripheral blood of HCC patients and erythropoiesis in the patients starts to be influenced with the occurance of LC. We observed that the autophagy pathway is disturbed in RBCs with the onset of LC and maintained during the tumorigenesis of HCC. Oxytocin pathway and GnRH pathway are disturbed and first identified during the development of LC into HCC. SMIM1, ANXA7, HBA1 and HBE1 that are significantly altered during tumorigenesis were verified as promising biomarkers for HCC early diagnosis.ConclusionsThis study underlied the clinical relevance of the proteins in RBCs and the tumorigenesis of HCC, and provided the potential biomarkers for early diagnosis in HCC from a new perspective. Our results provided a novel strategy with RBCs for HCC early diagnosis, which will improve the translational research and application in diagnosis of HCC.
Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined With Different Internal Fixations in The Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Zhang ShuYi , Liu Zhengpeng , Lu Chenshui , Zhao Li , Feng Chao , Wang Yahui , Zhang Yilong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Little is known about the biomechanical performance of various internal fixations in oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF). In this study, finite element (FE) analysis was used to describe the biomechanical findings of various different internal fixations to compare and explore the stability of each fixation.METHODS: Six validated FE models of the L3-S1 segment were reconstructed from computed tomography images, including (1) an intact model, (2)a stand-alone (SA) model with no instrument (3) a unilateral pedicle screw model (UPS), (4) a unilateral pedicle screw contralateral translaminar facet screw model (UPS-CTLFS), (5) a bilateral pedicle screw (BPS) model, and (6) a cortical bone trajectory screw (CBT).Three-dimensional model was performed by computed tomography data, and 150N static force and 10N.m moments in different directions were applied to the models to analyze the validation of the models in comparison with previous studies. Models of the OLIF cage was created with three-dimensional scanning to improve the accuracy of the FE analysis. Range of motion (ROM) of the surgical segment stresses, stress of the cage, and stress of fixation were evaluated in the different models.RESULTS:ROM increased from least to greatest as follows: BPS, UPS-CTFS, CBT, UPS, SA. The SA group had the greatest ROM and the SA group had the greatest ROM and stresses on the CAGE. The ROM of the BPS and UPS-CTFS was not significantly different for all motion loadings. Compared with the other three models, the BPS model had lower stresses in internal fixation for all loading conditions and the CBT screw internal fixation had the highest stresses for different loads Compared with the other groups.CONCLUSIONSThe BPS model provided the best biomechanical stability for OLIF. The SA model was relatively less stable. The UPS-CFTS group reduced the ROM of the fusion segments, but the stresses on the internal fixation and CAGE were relatively higher in the UPS-CFTS Compared with the BPS group; and the CBT group had lower ROM in flexion and extension Compared with the BPS, but its ROM in rotation and lateral flexion was relatively higher. The stability of the CBT was poorer than that of the BPS and LPS-CTFS groups. The stress on the CAGE and internal fixation was greater in the CBT group.
The Effect of Soya and Genistein Supplementation on Serum Lipid Profile of Male Dawley Sprague Rat
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Imanuddin , Arsana Putu Moda 
Published: November 2021

Background: Non-medical therapy is needed to reduce blood lipid levels and prevent atherosclerosis. Foods that contain Isoflavones can improve lipid profiles in the blood.Aim: To determine the effect of soya and genistein supplementation in various doses on total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Triglycerides in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods: 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6-8 weeks were divided into 7 groups, control group; low, medium, and high doses of soy milk; and low, moderate, and high doses of genistein. The treatment was given orally for 60 days. The control used was mice with standard feed. On the 61st day, blood and hepatic tissue samples were taken and checked for lipid profiles using the Friedewald formula. Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's posthoc test and Dunnet test, then regression analysis.Results: There was a significant increase in total cholesterol levels (p <0.05) and Â LDL levels in low and moderate doses of soy milk group compared to all groups of genistein. There was no significant differences in HDL levels in soya and genistein groups. There was significant increase in Triglyceride levels in all groups of soy milk and low and moderate doses of Genistein compared to high doses of genistein.Conclusion: Â Soya and genistein supplementation had increased effect on the Total Cholesterol, LDL and Triglycerides but no effect on HDL in all groups.
Preoperative cardiopulmonary exercise testing for risk assessment before elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Authors: Carazza Mariana , Souza Fernando CC , de Lorenzo Andrea Rocha 
Published: November 2021

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and results of performing cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients before elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). CPET has been increasingly employed in the evaluation of preoperative risk before noncardiac surgeries, but is still underutilized before cardiac surgery and may be useful, as clinical risk scores for preoperative assessment before cardiac surgeries have several limitations.

Methods: Patients with CAD underwent CPET within 1 week before CABG. Oxygen consumption, oxygen pulse, oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold, minute ventilation/carbon dioxide relationship slope (VE/VCO2 slope), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) and heart rate recovery (HRR) were analyzed. The occurrence of complications during the test was recorded.

Results: Twenty-eight patients (75% men), aged 61 (8) years, underwent preoperative CPET. There were no complications during CPET, even though 71.4% were interrupted by signs or symptoms of ischemia, and only 57% of the patients reached the anaerobic threshold.

Conclusions: Preoperative CPET before elective CABG was feasible and safe. However, a large proportion of patients did not achieve the anaerobic threshold. Therefore, VE/VCO2 slope, OUES and HRR may be the most useful CPET variables in the preoperative period.

Key words: coronary artery disease, coronary artery bypass grafting, cardiopulmonary exercise test, preoperative assessment
Strategi Penguasaan Makna Leksikon Meishi Kategori Gutaitekina Mono oleh Tokoh Yotsuba
Authors: Ainie Isnin , Ingrida Rizka Nadia 
Published: November 2021

Pada umumnya, jenis leksikon yang paling banyak dikuasai anak adalah leksikon jenis meishi atau nomina. Dalam hal ini anak yang tergolong pada tahap praoperasional, yakni usia kisaran 2-7 tahun, memiliki kemampuan untuk menambah pembendaharaan kosakata dengan sangat signifikan. Mereka menggunakan beberapa strategi dalam penguasaan makna baru. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih jauh tentang strategi penguasaan makna leksikon meishi oleh Yotsuba, tokoh dalam komik berjudul Yotsubato! yang berusia lima tahun, Adapun leksikon meishi yang dimaksud adalah meishi kategori gutaitekina mono (kata benda konkret). Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan teori yang digunakan adalah teori strategi penguasaan makna oleh Gollinkof (dalam Dardjowidjojo, 2008:262-263). Hasil dari penelitian terhadap 10 volume komik Yotsubato! terdapat 30 data meishi kategori gutaiteki na mono, dengan enam strategi yang digunakan Yotsuba dalam menguasai makna, yaitu strategi nama baru-kategori tak bernama (11 data), strategi referensi (10 data), strategi peluasan (4 data), strategi konvensionalitas (2 data), strategi cakupan objek (2 data), dan strategi cakupan kategorial (1 data). Dengan demikian, diketahui bahwa strategi nama baru-kategori tak bernama merupakan strategi utama bagi Yotsuba dalam menguasai leksikon meishi kategori kata benda konkret (gutaiteki na mono).
A CASE STUDY ON INTERCULTURAL PROCESS IN LIMITED SETTING
Authors: Trihastutie Nopita 
Published: November 2021

In a global world, living in other country is no longer unusual thing. Thus, the encounter with other culture is unavoidable. Progressing from ethnocentrism to ethno-relativism is vital for the success of someone living out of his/her mother country. This progress occurs through an intercultural process. A study on the intercultural process utilizes short self-reports and surveys to conduct the assessments of individuals’ attitude, personalities, and values. Conducted in an informal school with a boarding system, this study examines how the intercultural process of foreign teachers and whether this process gives influence to the local students’ cross cultural understanding. An informal school with a boarding system is a limited setting for an intercultural process. However, the interaction is still considered natural for two reasons: firstly, no certain particular cultural obligation for personal and social conduct there; secondly, cultural “take and give” occurs. The process occurs to both foreign teachers and local students. To some extent, the intercultural process of one party contributes the other party’s cross cultural understanding.Key Words: Intercultural Process, Cross Cultural Understanding
THE INFERIORITY COMPLEX OF LAURA WINGFIELD IN TENNESSEE WILLIAM’S THE GLASS MENAGERIE
Authors: Sumarso Irwan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This study analyzes the psychological factors that determine the behaviors of the characters in The Glass Menagerie, especially the character of Laura Wiengfield. The study focuses on the inferiority complex of Laura Wingfield in Tennessee Williams’ The Glass Menagerie. The study analyzes factors and the effects of her inferiority complex seen through the psychological point of view. It analyzes how Laura’s self-confidence, self-consciousness, fear of embarrassment, and fear of being scrutinized has trigged her social anxiety that makes her experience an inferiority complex.Keywords : inferiority complex, social anxiety, social phobia Abstrak : Studi ini menganalisa faktor psikologis yang mempengaruhi perilaku para tokoh dalam karya yang berjudul The Glass Menagerie”, khususnya karakter tokoh Laura Wiengfield. Studi akan focus menganalisa inferiority complex yang diderita oleh Laura Wingfield dalam karya Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie, khususnya pada faktor dan efek dari inferiority kompleks Laura. Studi ini menganalisa rasa percaya diri, kesadaran diri, ketakutan dipermalukan orang lain, yang membuat dia memiliki ketakutan social.Kata kunci : inferiority complex, social anxiety, social phobia