bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenging the colonial legacy of/at Macquarie
Authors: Howitt Richard , Holt Leanne , Locke Michelle Lea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMacquarie University takes its name from a man known simultaneously as the founding father of Australia, its greatest colonial administrator, a key inspiration for Australia’s egalitarian ethos, the military strategist who authorised the Appin Massacre, and committed civiliser of the uncivilised native peoples of Sydney who established the first institutions aimed at educating Aboriginal children by separating from their families, culture, and language. This article explores Macquarie’s ambiguous legacy and considers how it is mobilised to promote the university. It discusses how the university community might engage with the “Macquarie legacy” and take responsibility for its implications for Macquarie University. Decolonising this particular university must involve much more than simple renaming—although even that would be far from simple. Transformation of the institution into a partner with Dharug and other Indigenous groups must involve uncomfortable and ultimately transformational reflection and action on the purposes, processes, and outcomes of education, on the nature and purposes of partnership, and more generally on the nature of decolonising transformations.
A chromosome‐anchored genome assembly for Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
Authors: Smith Seth R. , Normandeau Eric , Djambazian Haig , Nawarathna Pubudu M. , Berube Pierre , Muir Andrew M. , Ragoussis Jiannis , Penney Chantelle M. , Scribner Kim T. , Luikart Gordon , Wilson Chris C. , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHere, we present an annotated, chromosome‐anchored, genome assembly for Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) – a highly diverse salmonid species of notable conservation concern and an excellent model for research on adaptation and speciation. We leveraged Pacific Biosciences long‐read sequencing, paired‐end Illumina sequencing, proximity ligation (Hi‐C) sequencing, and a previously published linkage map to produce a highly contiguous assembly composed of 7378 contigs (contig N50 = 1.8 Mb) assigned to 4120 scaffolds (scaffold N50 = 44.975 Mb). Long read sequencing data were generated using DNA from a female double haploid individual. 84.7% of the genome was assigned to 42 chromosome‐sized scaffolds and 93.2% of Benchmarking Universal Single Copy Orthologues were recovered, putting this assembly on par with the best currently available salmonid genomes. Estimates of genome size based on k‐mer frequency analysis were highly similar to the total size of the finished genome, suggesting that the entirety of the genome was recovered. A mitochondrial genome assembly was also produced. Self‐versus‐self synteny analysis allowed us to identify homeologs resulting from the salmonid specific autotetraploid event (Ss4R) as well as regions exhibiting delayed rediploidization. Alignment with three other salmonid genomes and the Northern Pike (Esox lucius) genome also allowed us to identify homologous chromosomes in related taxa. We also generated multiple resources useful for future genomic research on Lake Trout, including a repeat library and a sex‐averaged recombination map. A novel RNA sequencing data set for liver tissue was also generated in order to produce a publicly available set of annotations for 49,668 genes and pseudogenes. Potential applications of these resources to population genetics and the conservation of native populations are discussed.
Patent auctions and bidding coalitions: structuring the sale of club goods
Authors: Asker John , Baccara Mariagiovanna , Lee SangMok 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAuctioneers of patents are observed to allow joint bidding by coalitions of buyers. These auctions are distinguished by the good for sale being nonrivalrous, but still excludable, in consumption—that is, they auctions of club goods. This affects how coalitional bidding impacts auction performance. We study the implications of coalitions of bidders on second‐price (or equivalently, ascending‐price) auctions. Although the formation of coalitions can benefit the seller, we show that stable coalition profiles tend to consist of excessively large coalitions, to the detriment of both auction revenue and social welfare. Limiting the permitted coalition size increases efficiency and confers benefits on the seller. Lastly, we compare the revenues generated by patent auctions and multilicense auctions, and we find that the latter are superior in a large class of environments.
The Dangers of Data Colonialism in Precision Public Health
Authors: Ferryman Kadija 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrecision public health has been defined as using multi‐level and relatively novel data types (such as patient‐provided digital data from internet applications and digital medical records) in order to predict and track population level disease dynamics as well as develop targeted interventions (Khoury, 2015, Khoury et al., 2018). Despite the promises of precision public health, it is also important to examine the field’s potential pitfalls, specifically its resonance with data colonialism. Without adequate attention to this emerging field’s vulnerabilities, precision public health efforts may continue histories of extraction and marginalization.
Digital Technology and the Political Determinants of Health Inequities: Special Issue Introduction
Authors: Storeng Katerini Tagmatarchi , Fukuda‐Parr Sakiko , Mahajan Manjari , Venkatapuram Sridhar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis special issue introduction makes the case for analyzing the rise of digital health technologies within global public health within the framework of political determinants of health and identifying how digital technologies impact, both positively and negatively, inequities in health. This special issue brings together diverse perspectives from academics, policy makers, practitioners and activists from around the world, most of whom participated in a 2019 conference Political Origins of Health Inequities: Technology in the Digital Age. The contributions engage with empirical data and practical experiences from Africa (Ghana, Tanzania, Kenya, South Africa, Sierra Leone), Asia (India), Europe (Germany, Norway, the European Union), and North America (the United States and Canada). Taken together and individually, the six research articles, seven ‘policy insight’ commentaries and three ‘practitioner commentaries’ identify and critically interrogate the political dimensions that link digital technologies and health equity.
Resource constancy and diurnal population variances drive coexistence among avian scavengers at urban slaughterhouses in Nsukka region, Nigeria
Authors: Ezenwa Ifeanyi Maxwell , Sunday Francisca Ogochukwu , Echude Daniel , Asuoha Godson Chinonyerem , Ezeorah Cajetan Chidebem , Ejere Vincent Chikwendu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSpecies that share dietary resources can segregate into different spaces at time scales. It has, however, been proposed that species have to co‐evolve to achieve such segregation; otherwise, competition might result. We explored the strategies that support the coexistence among avian scavengers at urban slaughterhouses in Nsukka. A total of 41 field observations were conducted across five slaughterhouses at two diurnal time scales, and the avian scavengers utilising the butchery wastes therein were estimated using the point‐count method. In addition, interaction among the species was monitored. Hooded vultures [Necrosyrtes monachus (Temminck, 1823)] and pied crows [Corvus albus (Müller, 1776)] were common at the slaughterhouses with the abundance of the latter being significantly higher than the former. The two species relatively exhibit different active feeding times although not exclusively amidst the regular available resources. The two species coexist, and no antagonistic behaviour was recorded. Generalised linear mixed models showed that the number of animals slaughtered on daily basis and percentage vegetation cover positively influenced abundance of hooded vulture and vice versa for pied crow. Our results highlight that intraguild species can coexist if resources are in constant supply and the species involved maintain some sort of inverse diurnal population variance at the foraging sites.
Implications of a new element in the early diagnostic pathway for prostate cancer for rural Australians
Authors: Macneil James , Wilkins Rachel , Whelan Clair 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo demonstrate the magnitude of the potential problem caused by the trend towards using positron emission tomography prostate‐specific membrane antigen scans on men in rural Australia.ContextProstate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography scans have higher sensitivity to detect metastatic prostate cancer than other imaging modalities, especially at lower prostate specific antigen (PSAs). This has led to proposals that prostate‐specific membrane antigen be the gold standard to investigate men with a suspicion of prostate cancer. There is a trial underway in Australia examining the use of positron emission tomography prostate‐specific membrane antigen in pre‐biopsy men. Disparities in access to care and outcomes for prostate cancer for men in rural Australia are well documented. Incorporating positron emission tomography prostate‐specific membrane antigen into the primary diagnostic pathway for prostate cancer creates a risk of further entrenching or worsening this inequity due to the lack of positron emission tomography scanners in rural locations.ApproachAs a surrogate marker for restricted access, we determined the proportion of men over 50 more than 1.5 hours from a positron emission tomography scanner, with local government areas as the unit of assessment.ConclusionOf the 505 local government areas, 309 were greater than 1.5 hours from the nearest positron emission tomography scanner. Of 3 793 865 men, over 50 585 689 lived in the 309 local government areas with restricted access to a positron emission tomography scanner. Our study highlights the risk of exacerbating inequalities in prostate cancer care experienced by men in rural areas. If positron emission tomography prostate‐specific membrane antigen becomes the new gold standard, one in 6 men will face geographic barriers to access the standard of care. Future considerations of positron emission tomography prostate‐specific membrane antigen must take this into account.
Concordance between independent first‐line assessors in the Western Australian Audit of Surgical Mortality
Authors: Itotoh Franca , Zorbas Natalie , Lukman Andrew , James Aitken R 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Western Australian Audit of Surgical Mortality independently reviews deaths under a surgeon. A surgical case form completed by the surgeon is reviewed by a first‐line assessor, who in 15% of cases recommends a detailed case note review. The aim of this study was to assess concordance between the original first‐line assessment (FLA1) and an additional first‐line assessment (FLA2) in relation to the necessity for a second‐line assessment (SLA) and recognition of clinical management issues.MethodsExperienced assessors (n = 39) representing different specialties were invited to be FLA2 assessors for 170 random cases. They completed identical FLA forms. FLA2 assessors were consultant surgeons with experience of the peer review process. Inter‐rater reliability was determined using Gwet's Agreement Coefficient.ResultsA total of 170 FLAs, 158 (92.9%) were returned. Concordance between assessors for recommending an SLA was 70.5% (110 of 156), with an SLA recommended for 16 (10.3%) FLAs but not for 94 (60.3%) FLAs. When there was non‐concordance, FLA1 assessors requested more SLAs than did FLA2 assessors (29 [18.6%] vs. 17 [10.9%], respectively). Three adverse events were recorded. In two the assessors differed, with one recording an adverse event and the other recording an area of concern. Additionally, in one instance the assessors differed on the preventability of the event but agreed that it may have contributed to death.ConclusionConcordance between assessors ranged between ‘moderate’ (requests for an SLA) through to ‘almost perfect’ (presence of an adverse event). This suggests the FLA screening process is reliable.
Teachers' digital competence to assist students with functional diversity: Identification of factors through logistic regression methods
Authors: Cabero‐Almenara Julio , Guillén‐Gámez Francisco D. , Ruiz‐Palmero Julio , Palacios‐Rodríguez Antonio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe are experiencing a serious health crisis due to COVID‐19 that has a major impact on the field of education. The educational system therefore needs to be updated and innovated, with the addition of digital resources, to adapt the teaching and learning processes to students with disabilities. To meet the goal of high‐quality education, teachers must have adequate digital competence to face the educational demands that are placed on them. Therefore, the purposes of this study are: to know the teachers' knowledge about digital resources to support students with disabilities (O1); at each educational stage (O2), identify the variables that have a significant impact on the acquisition of teacher competence (O3); propose a selection of useful ICT resources for each type of disability (O4). An ex post facto design was used with 1194 teachers from Andalusia (Spain). The results showed the medium‐low level of the teaching staff, especially in the higher education stage. In addition, gender, motivation, attitude and having students with special needs are determining factors in the development of teacher knowledge. The results highlight the urgent need for teachers to be trained in digital resources. We hope that the range of resources proposed in this study will help teachers enhance their teaching practice.
Practitioner notesWhat we already know about this topic

Teachers have to find and adapt educational technology to achieve a higher level of success in students with disabilities.
The use of ICT resources by teachers acts as a bridge to promote learning in students with disabilities.
What this paper adds

Identification of those predictors that significantly influence the acquisition of digital competence in teaching staff at various stages of education: gender, educational stage, motivation, attitude towards technologies and having students with specific educational support needs.
A proposal of didactic applications is provided to address the different types of functional diversity.
Implications for practice and/or policy

It is essential that training plans on digital competence are established to assist students with functional diversity in their different learning stages. In this sense, personalised training itineraries or TMOOCs can be of major assistance.
Expansion of the study sample (macro level) to identify digital factors, which affect the acquisition of the digital competence of the teaching staff to support their students' disabilities.
Change regarding the type of diagnosis through self‐perception tests, such as those presented by these models, and subsequent work in other fields such as e‐portfolios of evidence or instruments in the form of problem solving.
Updates on targeted therapies for acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Kayser Sabine , Levis Mark J. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryIn the past few years research in the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has led to remarkable advances in our understanding of the disease. Cytogenetic and molecular aberrations are the most important factors in determining response to chemotherapy as well as long‐term outcome, but beyond prognostication are potential therapeutic targets. Our increased understanding of the pathogenesis of AML facilitated by next‐generation sequencing has spurred the development of new compounds in the treatment of AML, particularly the creation of small molecules that target the disease on a molecular level. Many of the hopeful predictions outlined in our AML review of 2018 are now therapeutic realities: gemtuzumab ozogamicin, venetoclax, FLT3 inhibitors (midostaurin, gilteritinib), IDH inhibitors (ivosidenib, enasidenib), CPX‐351, glasdegib, oral decitabine, and oral azacitidine. Others may soon be (quizartinib, APR246 magrolimab, menin inhibitors). The wealth of positive data allows reconsideration of what might soon be new standards of care in younger and older patients with AML. In this review we give an overview of recently approved therapies in AML and address present and future research directions.
Unusual concomitant small‐ and large‐fiber neuropathy related to hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: Merico Elena , Govoni Alessandra , Schirinzi Erika , Chico Lucia , Ricci Giulia , Calabrese Rosanna , Baldini Chiara , La Rocca Gaetano , Lombardi Raffaella , Dini Valentina , Buda Gabriele , Loggini Barbara , Siciliano Gabriele 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundSmall‐fiber neuropathy is a disorder clinically dominated by neuropathic pain and autonomic symptoms. In >50% of patients, no etiology can be identified. and some evidence suggests a possible role of the immune system. Among the most common manifestations of hypereosinophilic syndrome, neurological lesions have been described in the central and peripheral nervous systems. No correlation between idiopathic hypereosinophilia with systemic involvement and small‐fiber neuropathy has been described before.Case presentationWe present the case of a 21‐year‐old woman with large‐ and small‐fiber neuropathy associated with systemic idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. The patient manifested a subacute itchy rash to the limbs and trunk with painless lymphadenopathy of the neck and groin, persistent lack of appetite, vomiting, and subsequent painful dysesthesia on the feet. At blood test, eosinophilic leukocytosis was detected, electrophysiological studies showed axonal sensory neuropathy on the sural nerve bilaterally, cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed a cytological–albumin dissociation, and skin biopsy was decisive in confirming a severe picture of the small fibers pathology and lymphocytic infiltrates with eosinophils in the dermis. The in‐depth diagnostic investigations excluded other significant alterations and pathologies. After steroid and immunoglobulin therapies, the patient progressively improved with resolution of the rash and vomiting episodes, resuming regular nutrition and obtaining important reduction of painful dysesthesia.ConclusionsIn the present case, we hypothesized that idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome was the likely cause of the atopic dermatitis and small‐fiber neuropathy, consistent with pain and dysautonomic symptoms.
The effect of triangular cross‐section neck design on crestal bone stability in the anterior mandible: A randomized, controlled, split‐mouth clinical trial
Authors: Tokuc Berkay , Kan Bahadır 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis randomized controlled trial aimed to compare crestal bone loss (CBL) and buccal bone thickness (BBT) around triangular cross‐section neck (TN) to round neck (RN) implants retaining mandibular overdentures one year after loading, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Material and MethodsTwenty edentulous patients receiving 40 implants with similar diameters were randomly assigned to the RN and TN groups. Clinical buccal bone thickness (CBBT) around the implants was measured with a caliper at baseline. A resonance frequency analyzer was used to measure the implant stability quotient (ISQ) at the baseline and two months after insertion. Pocket probing depths (PPD), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were also recorded at postoperative months 2, 6, and 12. CBCT was used to evaluate proximal CBL and BBT at three levels (0, −2, and −4 mm) one year after loading.ResultsNo implant loss was observed during the follow‐up period. No significant differences in CBBT, ISQ values, and scores for PPD, PI, and GI between the two groups were observed at any time (p > .05). BBT was also comparable one year after loading (p > .05). The mean ± SD proximal CBL one year after loading was 0.58 ± 0.36 mm for TN and 0.91 ± 0.59 mm for RN (p < .01).ConclusionsThis study found better crestal bone preservation in the implants with the novel neck design than conventional neck design in the anterior mandible after a follow‐up of one year. However, it may not be clinically noticeable.
Founder teams and firm value in young public firms: An analysis of the moderating effect of founders' ownership power and team size
Authors: Dawson Alexandra , Paeglis Imants , Basu Nilanjan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch Question/IssueBuilding on prior work on the relationship between founder ownership and firm value in young public firms, we test the moderating influence of the presence of cofounders, distinguishing between dyads and teams of three or more founders.Research Findings/InsightsWe test our hypotheses on a unique sample of 7162 observations from 959 US firms that have been public for less than 20 years and retained their founders. We show that the presence of one or more cofounders has distinct moderating effects on the relationship between main founder ownership and firm value, depending on the number and relative ownership power of the founders. Firm value benefits the most when there is ownership power symmetry in dyads of founders and ownership power asymmetry in teams of three or more founders.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWe make two contributions to the corporate governance literature. First, we take a more nuanced look at founders and their ownership power in young public firms and show that the presence of cofounders has an effect on firm value. Second, we show that this effect depends on the number of founders and on whether there is ownership power symmetry or asymmetry among founders. Overall, our study supports the view that founders continue to matter even after IPO.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsBy shedding light on the effect of founders retaining ownership power on firm value after IPO, our findings may guide founders in their decisions to exit their business fully or partially and investors in their decisions whether to invest in public firms that retain their founders.
Behavioral pitfalls of product proliferation in supply chains: An experimental study
Authors: Hyndman Kyle B. , Menezes Mozart B.C. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTWe study how increased complexity in terms of increased stock‐keeping units and/or markets can affect operational performance, with an emphasis on managerial decision‐making. Specifically, when given the option to increase profits by increasing the number of markets served, we ask whether managers can increase profits by exercising this option or does increased complexity become a burden? We conduct a human‐subjects experiment in which subjects manage a simulated supply chain across different levels of complexity, either as individuals or as part of a team. Subjects receive initial training in supply chain management and participate twice in the simulation—once as an individual and once as a team, while also varying complexity across trials. We show that as complexity increases, revenues also increase. However, average performance often deteriorates and many subjects destroy value, despite the increased opportunities for profit. We argue that managers are tempted to chase new revenue sources without understanding the costs or risks to future profits. In a follow‐up experiment, we show that when subjects are reminded about the importance of opportunity costs, revenue declines but earnings are the same or higher. Lastly, our experiments show that both teamwork and experience increase performance and reduce the variance of earnings. Experienced teams make better investment decisions. Less experienced individuals focus on revenue rather than earnings.