bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic stress disorder and relationship functioning: Examining gender differences in treatment‐seeking veteran couples
Authors: Knopp Kayla , Wrape Elizabeth R. , McInnis Rachel , Khalifian Chandra E. , Rashkovsky Katerine , Glynn Shirley M. , Morland Leslie A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are robustly associated with intimate relationship dysfunction among veterans, but most existing research has focused on male veterans and their female partners. Links between PTSD and relationship functioning may differ between female‐veteran couples and male‐veteran couples. The current study used actor–partner interdependence models (APIMs) to test the associations between PTSD symptoms (i.e., veteran self‐report or significant others’ collateral‐report) and each partner's reports of six domains of relationship functioning, as well as whether these links were moderated by the gender composition of the couple. Data were from 197 mixed‐gender couples (N = 394 individuals) who completed baseline assessments for a larger randomized controlled trial of a couple‐based PTSD treatment. Significant others' collateral PTSD reports were associated with their own ratings of relationship satisfaction, negotiation, psychological aggression, sexual pleasure, and sexual desire frequency, |β|s = .19–.67, and with veterans' ratings of negotiation and sexual desire frequency, |β|s = .20–.48. In contrast, veterans' self‐reported PTSD symptoms were only associated with their own ratings of psychological aggression, β = .16. Gender moderated the associations between significant others’ collateral PTSD reports and five of the six outcome variables; findings from exploratory subgroup analyses suggested links between reported PTSD symptoms and relationship functioning were generally more maladaptive for male‐veteran couples, whereas female veterans showed more neutral or even helpful impacts of higher partner‐perceived PTSD symptoms. These findings have implications for clinicians treating relational impacts of PTSD and emphasize the need for further research with female‐veteran couples.
Three‐Dimensional Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nassimizadeh Abdul , Lancer Hannah , Hodson James , Ahmed Shahzada 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesTo compare participant performance and preference in the use of three‐dimensional (3D) endoscopy compared to traditional two‐dimensional (2D) endoscopy.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Medline, ClinicalKey, BMJ Case Reports, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched for English‐language articles published between 2005 and 2020. Studies reporting comparisons of outcomes between 3D and 2D endoscopes were identified. Data relating to performance‐related outcomes, as well as the participants' preferred endoscope were extracted, and pooled using meta‐analysis models.ResultsTen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Six studies reported results of participants completing simulated tasks with endoscopes, while four reported full procedures. Peg transfer tasks (n = 4 cohorts) were found to be completed significantly faster with the 3D versus 2D endoscope (pooled mean difference 6.8 seconds, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3–11.3), while no significant difference in times taken was observed for touch tasks (n = 4; pooled mean difference 3.7 seconds, 95% CI: −1.9 to 9.2). The secondary outcome of participant preference was reported by five studies, in which a significant preference for the 3D endoscope was observed (P = .010), with a pooled total of 72% (95% CI: 59–83) of participants preferring this to the 2D endoscope.ConclusionsThere is a growing body of evidence in support of 3D visualization in endoscopy. We have demonstrated 3D endoscopy to be associated with a significantly shorter time to performing simulated, reproducible and controlled tasks, and to be the preference of participants. This study provides grounds for further evaluation of the technology, and the potential for a greater widespread use. Laryngoscope, 132:1895–1903, 2022
Effects of microbial inoculants on soil carbon stock, enzymatic activity, and above ground and belowground biomass in marginal lands of Northern India
Authors: Srivastava Pankaj , Singh Nandita 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRestoration practices in marginal lands for food production are the most important sustainability challenge for humans at the global level. Nature‐based solutions (NBS) are among the best interventions to improve soil health, which directly enhances the soil productivity and biodiversity for improved sustainability of ecosystems. Our field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of three inoculants, two of which were bacterial: Azotobacter chroococcum (T1), Acetobacter diazotrophicus (T2), and the third fungal: Aspergillus awamori (T3) on soil properties, plant biomass, enzymatic activities (phosphatase, dehydrogenase activity), and soil carbon stock in marginal lands. The experimental results clearly revealed that the inoculations significantly enhanced plant growth and biomass (p < 0.01). The soil enzyme (dehydrogenase and phosphatase) activities increased under T3 and T2 treatments in response to inoculation. Interestingly, the significant results were observed in T3 and T1 treatment in the 4th year of observation for soil carbon stock (53.06 Mg ha−1 yr−1 and 51.41 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively). The total soil carbon stock was found to be 38.60 Mg ha−1 yr−1 in control plots. The inoculation enhanced (p ≤ 0.05) the soil biological properties like microbial biomass carbon as 267.62 ± 18.73 μgg−1 to 894.24 ± 41.65 μg g−1. We conclude that selected inoculations in marginal lands can provide a suitable option for eco‐restoration and can sequester more atmospheric CO2 in to stable carbon pools to achieve UN Sustainable Development Goals and food security.
Comparison of Ahiflower oil containing stearidonic acid to a high‐alpha‐linolenic acid flaxseed oil at two levels on tissue omega‐3 enrichment in broilers
Authors: El‐Zenary Ahmed S. A. , Gaafar Khalid M. , Abou‐Elkhair Reham , Elkin Robert G. , Boney John W. , Harvatine Kevin J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnrichment of broiler meat with very long‐chain omega‐3 fatty acids (VLCn‐3 FA) is of interest because of their beneficial effects on human health. The ability of Ahiflower® (AHI) oil (Buglossoides arvensis), which naturally contains stearidonic acid (SDA), and a high‐alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) flaxseed (FLAX) oil to enrich VLCn‐3 FA contents in broilers tissues was investigated. Fifty‐five Cobb 500 chicks were fed from days 12 to 35 of life either a control (CON) diet that contained 27.9 g/kg soybean oil or AHI or FLAX oils, each individually at 7.5 or 22.5 g/kg of the diet in substitution for soybean oil (all on an as fed basis). Total VLCn‐3 FA contents were greater in breast, thigh, liver, adipose tissue, and plasma of all n‐3 treatments compared to CON, with the greatest increase observed at the highest level of AHI and FLAX oils (p < 0.001). AHI oil at 7.5 g/kg promoted the most efficient synthesis and deposition of VLCn‐3 in broiler tissues measured as deposition of VLCn‐3 FA in tissues relative to intake of n3 FA. In conclusion, both ALA and SDA oils increased VLCn‐3 FA deposition in tissues, but there were diminishing returns when increasing dietary levels of the oils.
Electroresponsive Hydrogels for Therapeutic Applications in the Brain
Authors: Khan Zerin M. , Wilts Emily , Vlaisavljevich Eli , Long Timothy E. , Verbridge Scott S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElectroresponsive hydrogels possess a conducting material component and respond to electric stimulation through reversible absorption and expulsion of water. The high level of hydration, soft elastomeric compliance, biocompatibility, and enhanced electrochemical properties render these hydrogels suitable for implantation in the brain to enhance the transmission of neural electric signals and ion transport. This review provides an overview of critical electroresponsive hydrogel properties for augmenting electric stimulation in the brain. A background on electric stimulation in the brain through electroresponsive hydrogels is provided. Common conducting materials and general techniques to integrate them into hydrogels are briefly discussed. This review focuses on and summarizes advances in electric stimulation of electroconductive hydrogels for therapeutic applications in the brain, such as for controlling delivery of drugs, directing neural stem cell differentiation and neurogenesis, improving neural biosensor capabilities, and enhancing neural electrode‐tissue interfaces. The key challenges in each of these applications are discussed and recommendations for future research are also provided.
Stretchable Zwitterionic Conductive Hydrogels with Semi‐Interpenetrating Network Based on Polyaniline for Flexible Strain Sensors
Authors: Chen Xiaoling , Hao Weizhen , Lu Tiao , Wang Tian , Shi Caixin , Zhao Yansheng , Liu Yongmei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStretchable conductive hydrogels are of great significance in wearable electronic devices and tissue engineering scaffolds. In this paper, the zwitterionic polymer network hydrogels are synthesized by radical co‐polymerizing acrylic acid (AA) and methyl acryloyl oxygen ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) in aniline (ANI) aqueous solution followed by oxidation polymerization of ANI to form semi‐interpenetrating network hydrogel. The conductive hydrogels are endowed excellent mechanical properties by synergistic effect of electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding between the interpenetrating network of PANI and P(AA‐co‐DMC). The tensile strength reaches up to 0.173 MPa at 576% and the compression strength reaches up to 0.73 MPa at 80%. Meanwhile, the zwitterions and polyaniline ensure hydrogels to obtain conductivity (0.428 s m−1). In addition, the as‐prepared conductive hydrogels can also be used as ionic skin to accurately monitor various movements of the human body, showing its potential applications in wearable devices and flexible electronic devices.
Sheaves of structures, Heyting‐valued structures, and a generalization of Łoś's theorem
Authors: Aratake Hisashi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSheaves of structures are useful to give constructions in universal algebra and model theory. We can describe their logical behavior in terms of Heyting‐valued structures. In this paper, we first provide a systematic treatment of sheaves of structures and Heyting‐valued structures from the viewpoint of categorical logic. We then prove a form of Łoś's theorem for Heyting‐valued structures. We also give a characterization of Heyting‐valued structures for which Łoś's theorem holds with respect to any maximal filter.
Simultaneous Optimization of the Surface Hydrophobicity and Surface Charge Distribution of Insulating Materials
Authors: Liu Shuming , Liang Xidong , Wang Tianyu , Wang Qian , Liu Shuqi , Zuo Zhou 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSuperhydrophobic materials have great application potential in the insulation equipment of power systems because their excellent water‐repelling and self‐cleaning abilities maintain clean and dry surfaces. However, the electrical performance of superhydrophobic materials has been ignored for a long time; surface charge accumulation is a significant problem when they are used in direct‐current power systems. A scheme that concurrently optimizes the surface hydrophobic and electrical characteristics of insulating materials is urgently needed. Herein, a simple method for designing superhydrophobic coatings using zinc oxide and polydimethylsiloxane is proposed. Silicone rubber is chosen as the experimental material because of its wide application in insulators. Contact angles greater than 160° and sliding angles smaller than 2° are achieved. In addition, the coating exhibits excellent optimization of the surface charge distribution. Compared with pristine silicone rubber, the coated silicone rubber has a more uniform charge distribution, lower initial charge accumulation, and faster charge dissipation. The trap parameters and conductivity are used to explain the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon. The combination of superhydrophobicity and surface charge optimization can provide new insights for improving the performance of insulation materials in power systems.
Preoperative Levodopa Response and Deep Brain Stimulation Effects on Motor Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lin Zhengyu , Zhang Chencheng , Li Dianyou , Sun Bomin 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe up‐to‐date literature systematically reviewing the predictive value of preoperative levodopa responsiveness after deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in motor outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD) is lacking.ObjectiveTo address this issue in patients with PD undergoing bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus interna (GPi) DBS.MethodsWe used the existing PRISMA consensus statement. A comprehensive review of literature from 1993 to May 2021 retrieved from PubMed was conducted.ResultsThe STN‐DBS responsiveness was significantly correlated with the preoperative levodopa responsiveness for the total score of UPDRS‐III at both 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐ups (P < 0.001). Such correlations were significant after controlling for age at time of surgery and disease duration. The significance of correlation disappeared for longer follow‐up times. For the sub‐scores of UPDRS‐III, a significant correlation between the preoperative levodopa responsiveness and STN DBS responsiveness was observed for rigidity, bradykinesia, and axial symptoms, but not for tremor (P = 0.002, 0.010, 0.007, and 0.542, respectively). The preoperative levodopa responsiveness was significantly correlated with GPi DBS responsiveness for the UPDRS‐III total score at a median follow‐up of 12 months (P = 0.030).ConclusionThe current study confirmed the value of preoperative levodopa responsiveness for prediction of the short‐term motor outcome after DBS (for both STN and GPi). The predictive value of levodopa responsiveness in short‐term outcomes for respective cardinal motor disabilities and the loss of its predictive value after STN DBS for long‐term motor outcomes were highlighted by this study.
Gene expression of oxidative stress markers and lung function: A CARDIA lung study
Authors: Ramasubramanian Ramya , Kalhan Ravi , Jacobs David R. , Washko George R. , Hou Lifang , Gross Myron D. , Guan Weihua , Thyagarajan Bharat 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundCirculating markers of oxidative stress have been associated with lower lung function. Our objective was to study the association of gene expression levels of oxidative stress pathway genes (ALOX12, ALOX15, ARG2, GSTT1, LPO, MPO, NDUFB3, PLA2G7, and SOD3) and lung function forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) in Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.MethodsLung function was measured using spirometry and the Nanostring platform was used to estimate gene expression levels. Linear regression models were used to study association of lung function measured at year 30, 10‐year decline in lung function and gene expression after adjustment for center, smoking, and BMI, measured at year 25.ResultsThe 10‐year decline of FEV1 was faster in highest NDUFB3 quartile compared to the lowest (difference = −2.09%; p = 0.001) after adjustment for multiple comparisons. The 10‐year decline in FEV1 and FVC was nominally slower in highest versus lowest quartile of PLA2G7 (difference = 1.14%; p = 0.02, and difference = 1.06%; p = 0.005, respectively). The other genes in the study were not associated with FEV1 or FVC.ConclusionHigher gene expression levels in oxidative stress pathway genes are associated with faster 10‐year FEV1 decline.
Localized kernel‐based meshless method for pricing financial options underlying fractal transmission system
Authors: Nikan Omid , Avazzadeh Zakieh , Tenreiro Machado José A. 
Published: November 2021

The variation in the option pricing of the fractal transmission system is modelled by the time fractional Black–Scholes equation (TFBSE). This paper proposes an efficient local meshless method for the numerical simulation of the TFBSE. At the first step, a difference formula of L1 type is employed to get a semi‐discrete algorithm in the temporal variable with a accuracy of order 2 − α in the case of smooth solutions, where 0 < α  ≤  1 is the fractional‐order derivative. At the second step, a localized radial basis function finite difference is adopted to derive a full‐discrete scheme. Moreover, the unconditional stability and convergence of the proposed method are analyzed based on energy norm. The exact expressions for the weights of the first and second derivatives are used by imposing a multiquadric function generated by finite difference. The proposed technique produces linear systems with tridiagonal and diagonal matrices. Numerical experiments highlight the performance of the method.
Simultaneous T1, T2, and T1ρ cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting for contrast agent–free myocardial tissue characterization
Authors: Velasco Carlos , Cruz Gastão , Lavin Begoña , Hua Alina , Fotaki Anastasia , Botnar René M. , Prieto Claudia 
Published: November 2021

PurposeTo develop a simultaneous T1, T2, and T1ρ cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) approach to enable comprehensive contrast agent–free myocardial tissue characterization in a single breath‐hold scan.MethodsA 2D gradient‐echo electrocardiogram‐triggered cardiac MRF sequence with low flip angles, varying magnetization preparation, and spiral trajectory was acquired at 1.5 T to encode T1, T2, and T1⍴ simultaneously. The MRF images were reconstructed using low‐rank inversion, regularized with a multicontrast patch‐based higher‐order reconstruction. Parametric maps were generated and matched in the singular value domain to extended phase graph–based dictionaries. The proposed approach was tested in phantoms and 10 healthy subjects and compared against conventional methods in terms of coefficients of determination and best fits for the phantom study, and in terms of Bland‐Altman agreement, average values and coefficient of variation of T1, T2, and T1⍴ for the healthy subjects study.ResultsThe T1, T2, and T1⍴ MRF values showed excellent correlation with conventional spin‐echo and clinical mapping methods in phantom studies (r2 > 0.97). Measured MRF values in myocardial tissue (mean ± SD) were 1133 ± 33 ms, 38.8 ± 3.5 ms, and 52.0 ± 4.0 ms for T1, T2 and T1⍴, respectively, against 1053 ± 47 ms, 50.4 ± 3.9 ms, and 55.9 ± 3.3 ms for T1 modified Look‐Locker inversion imaging, T2 gradient and spin echo, and T1⍴ turbo field echo, respectively.ConclusionA cardiac MRF approach for simultaneous quantification of myocardial T1, T2, and T1ρ in a single breath‐hold MR scan of about 16 seconds has been proposed. The approach has been investigated in phantoms and healthy subjects showing good agreement with reference spin echo measurements and conventional clinical maps.
Cerebrospinal fluid‐tissue exchange revealed by phase alternate labeling with null recovery MRI
Authors: Li Anna M. , Xu Jiadi 
Published: November 2021

PurposeTo develop phase alternate labeling with null recovery (PALAN) MRI methods for the quantification of the water exchange between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and other surrounding tissues in the brain.MethodIn both T1‐PALAN and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)‐PALAN MRI methods, the cerebrospinal fluid signal was nulled, whereas the partial recovery of other tissues with shorter T1 (T1‐PALAN) or lower ADC values (ADC‐PALAN) was labeled by alternating the phase of pulses. The water exchange was extracted from the difference between the recovery curves of CSF with and without labeling.ResultsBoth T1‐PALAN and ADC‐PALAN observed a rapid occurrence of CSF water exchange with the surrounding tissues at 67 ± 56 ms and 13 ± 2 ms transit times, respectively. The T1 and ADC‐PALAN signal peaked at 1.5 s. The CSF water exchange was 1153 ± 270 mL/100 mL/min with T1‐PALAN in the third and lateral ventricles, which was higher than 891 ± 60 mL/100 mL/min obtained by ADC‐PALAN. T1‐PALAN ∆S values for the rostral and caudal ventricles are 0.015 ± 0.013 and 0.034 ± 0.01 (p = 0.022, n = 5), whereas similar values in both rostral and caudal lateral ventricles were observed by ADC‐PALAN (3.9 ± 1.9 × 10−3 vs 4.4 ± 1.4 × 10−3; p = 0.66 and n = 5).ConclusionThe PALAN methods are suitable tools to study CSF water exchange across different compartments in the brain.
A stabilized parametric level‐set XFEM topology optimization method for thermal‐fluid problem
Authors: Lin Yi , Zhu Weidong , Li Jiangxiong , Ke Yinglin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article presents a stabilized level‐set topology optimization method for the design of a thermal‐fluid system. The steady‐state laminar Navier–Stokes equation and the convection–diffusion equation are used to model the thermal‐fluid problem. The compactly supported radial basis functions are employed to describe the fluid–solid interfaces. The extended finite element method is used to interpolate the material domain and the non‐slip interface conditions are weakly enforced by the Nitsche's method. To overcome the numerical instabilities during the optimization process, a distance‐regularized method based on adopting a modified energy potential functional is proposed and the signed distance property around the structural boundaries is obtained. In the numerical experiments, two‐dimensional numerical models considering minimizing the average or maximum temperature are used to reveal the validity and merits of the proposed method.
Resolution attributes for geophysical inversion models: Depth of investigation and novel measures
Authors: Christensen* Niels B. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTAssessing the reliability of inversion models derived from geophysical measurements is crucial for a reliable interpretation. An interpretation depends critically on the interpreter being able to discern between the characteristics of the inversion model that can be trusted as more or less well resolved and the ones that are more dubious. This paper analyses the resolution measure ‘depth of investigation’ from a conceptual and a computational viewpoint and proposes two definitions that incorporate all aspects of the inversion and that are free of a user‐defined ad hoc parameter. Two more resolution attributes are introduced: a qualified depth of investigation and the depth of required structure . The first one answers the question: What is the minimum depth to a homogeneous halfspace with an interpreter‐defined conductivity that will not increase the data residual more than a certain amount? The second one is an ‘unqualified’ depth of investigation that addresses the question: What is the minimum depth to a homogeneous halfspace with any conductivity that will not increase the data residual more than a certain amount? This latter measure indicates the depth below which no structure is needed to fit the data. Finally, measures are defined that will provide estimates of the vertical resolution width as a function of depth. All of the resolution measures presented in this paper are based on the posterior model resolution matrix.