bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-24-3p attenuates IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury associated with osteoarthritis by targeting BCL2L12
Authors: Xu Jin , Qian Xiaozhong , Ding Ren 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundMiR-24-3p has been reported to be involved in an osteoarthritis (OA)-resembling environment. However, the functional role and underlying mechanism of miR-24-3p in chondrocyte injury associated with OA remains unknown.MethodsThe expression of miR-24-3p was determined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR analysis in OA cases and control patients, as well as IL-1β-stimulated chondrocyte cell line CHON-001. The cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis status was assessed by caspase-3 activity detection. The pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-18) were determined using ELISA assay. The association between miR-24-3p and B cell leukemia 2-like 12 (BCL2L12) was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay.ResultsWe first observed that miR-24-3p expression level was lower in the OA cases than in the control patients and IL-1β decreased the expression of miR-24-3p in the chondrocyte CHON-001. Functionally, overexpression of miR-24-3p significantly attenuated IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury, as reflected by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-18). Western blot analysis showed that overexpression of miR-24-3p weakened IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation, as reflected by reduction of MMP13 (Matrix Metalloproteinase-13) and ADAMTS5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5) protein expression, as well as markedly elevation of COL2A1 (collagen type II). Importantly, BCL2L12 was demonstrated to be a target of miR-24-3p. BCL2L12 knockdown imitated, while overexpression significantly abrogated the protective effects of miR-24-3p against IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our work provides important insight into targeting miR-24-3p/BCL2L12 axis in OA therapy.
Frequency detection of BRAF V600E mutation in a cohort of pediatric langerhans cell histiocytosis patients by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Feng Shunqiao , Han Lin , Yue Mei , Zhong Dixiao , Cao Jing , Guo Yibing , Sun Yanling , Zhang Hao , Cao Zhenhua , Cui Xiaodai , Liu Rong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare neoplastic disease that occurs in both children and adults, and BRAF V600E is detected in up to 64% of the patients. Several studies have discussed the associations between BRAF V600E mutation and clinicopathological manifestations, but no clear conclusions have been drawn regarding the clinical significance of the mutation in pediatric patients.

Results
We retrieved the clinical information for 148 pediatric LCH patients and investigated the BRAF V600E mutation using next-generation sequencing alone or with droplet digital PCR. The overall positive rate of BRAF V600E was 60/148 (41%). The type of sample (peripheral blood and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue) used for testing was significantly associated with the BRAF V600E mutation status (p-value = 0.000 and 0.000). The risk of recurrence declined in patients who received targeted therapy (p-value = 0.006; hazard ratio 0.164, 95%CI: 0.046 to 0.583). However, no correlation was found between the BRAF V600E status and gender, age, stage, specific organ affected, TP53 mutation status, masses close to the lesion or recurrence.

Conclusions
This is the largest pediatric LCH study conducted with a Chinese population to date. BRAF V600E in LCH may occur less in East Asian populations than in other ethnic groups, regardless of age. Biopsy tissue is a more sensitive sample for BRAF mutation screening because not all of circulating DNA is tumoral. Approaches with low limit of detection or high sensitivity are recommended for mutation screening to avoid type I and II errors.
Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with lung metastases: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shimizu Tadafumi , Oba Takaaki , Chino Tatsunori , Soma Ai , Ono Mayu , Ito Tokiko , Kanai Toshiharu , Maeno Kazuma , Sato Yoshinori , Uehara Takeshi , Ito Ken-ichi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Distant metastasis from papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is rare. Here we report a case of PTMC with multiple lung metastases.

Case presentation
A 64-year-old man presented to our hospital with abdominal pain. Computed tomography incidentally revealed multiple lung nodules. The lung tumor was histologically diagnosed as metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by core needle biopsy via thoracoscopy. The patient was referred to our department for further examination. Neck ultrasonography revealed a 0.9 cm hypoechoic nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid gland, which was diagnosed as PTC by fine-needle aspiration cytology. Subsequently, total thyroidectomy was performed, followed by radioiodine therapy. Iodine-131 (131-I) scintigraphy showed a strong accumulation in the lung metastasis. The patient presented no evidence of progression of lung metastasis for 25 months after the operation.

Conclusions
Lymph node metastasis or extraglandular extension has been reported in the few published cases of metastatic PTMC, including the present case, and the average age of these cases was 58.8 ± 12.0 years. Although active surveillance without surgical resection is expected to become a standard of care for PTMC, this case indicates that a subset of PTMC patients with risk factors may develop distant metastases. Hence, careful preoperative screening is required to avoid complications associated with completion thyroidectomy.
Integrating pharmacists into aged care facilities to improve the quality use of medicine (PiRACF Study): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kosari Sam , Koerner Jane , Naunton Mark , Peterson Gregory M. , Haider Ibrahim , Lancsar Emily , Wright David , Niyonsenga Theo , Davey Rachel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Medication management in residential aged care facilities is an ongoing concern. Numerous studies have reported high rates of inappropriate prescribing and medication use in aged care facilities, which contribute to residents’ adverse health outcomes. There is a need for new models of care that enhance inter-disciplinary collaboration between residential aged care facility staff and healthcare professionals, to improve medication management. Pilot research has demonstrated the feasibility and benefits of integrating a pharmacist into the aged care facility team to improve the quality use of medicines. This protocol describes the design and methods for a cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the outcomes and conduct economic evaluation of a service model where on-site pharmacists are integrated into residential aged care facility healthcare teams to improve medication management.

Methods
Intervention aged care facilities will employ on-site pharmacists to work as part of their healthcare teams 2 to 2.5 days per week for 12 months. On-site pharmacists, in collaboration with facility nurses, prescribers, community pharmacists, residents and families will conduct medication management activities to improve the quality use of medicines. Aged care facilities in the control group will continue usual care. The target sample size is 1188 residents from a minimum of 13 aged care facilities. The primary outcome is the appropriateness of prescribing, measured by the proportion of residents who are prescribed at least one potentially inappropriate medicine according to the 2019 Beers Criteria. Secondary outcomes include hospital and emergency department presentations, fall rates, prevalence and dose of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines, Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden Score, staff influenza vaccination rate, time spent on medication rounds, appropriateness of dose form modification and completeness of resident’s allergy and adverse drug reaction documentation. A cost-consequence and cost-effectiveness analysis will be embedded in the trial.

Discussion
The results of this study will provide information on clinical and economic outcomes of a model that integrates on-site pharmacists into Australian residential aged care facilities. The results will provide policymakers with recommendations relevant to further implementation of this model.

Trial registration
ACTRN12620000430932. Registered on 1 April 2020 with ANZCTR
Application of DNA methylation-based markers in identification of mixed body fluid evidences simulating crime scene scenarios
Authors: Gomaa Rania , Nader Lamis , Jamal Jumana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Epigenetic modifications are heritable and follow a non-mendelian inheritance pattern. They do not alter the DNA sequence but affect the gene expression at the transcriptional level. DNA methylation is one of these epigenetic changes and it is characteristic to each tissue and shows specificity with respect to developmental stage and age. Due to its specificity and reliability, it has emerged as a valuable tool in forensic investigation. Biological samples, such as blood, saliva, semen, or hair found at the crime scene can be used to isolate DNA and study the methylation pattern. Recent developments in molecular biology techniques allowed the study of the effects of methylation in specific tissues. DNA methylation specificity is very intense. These specific markers can be used to identify the tissue type such as blood, saliva, or semen at the crime scene and helps in the identification of the culprit. The present study aimed to validate the use of DNA methylation body fluid-specific markers in the identification of peripheral blood, menstrual blood, and semen. Additionally, it aimed to investigate the potential use of such DNA methylation markers for the identification of different body fluids mixtures simulating forensic science scenarios. Different DNA methylation markers were studied in different body fluid samples (peripheral blood, menstrual blood, and semen) individually and as mixtures. DNA extraction and bisulfite conversion were performed and followed by real-time PCR.

Results
The results of real-time PCR and the statistical analysis showed that the SPERM2 marker was better than SEU2 in the identification of semen DNA in mixed samples. However, in the identification of individual semen samples, the later marker showed better results than the first one, whereas BLM1 and MENS1 markers were successful in identifying the peripheral and menstrual blood samples, respectively.

Conclusions
This data can be readily used and applied on different forensic samples for tissue identification. Further sequencing studies are strongly recommended.
To Move, to Touch, to Listen: Multisensory Aspects of the Digital Reading Condition
Authors: Stougaard Pedersen Birgitte , Engberg Maria , Have Iben , Henkel Ayoe Quist , Mygind Sarah , Bundgaard Svendsen Helle 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe article discusses modes of reading that emerge from reading situations that involve literary digital interfaces and digital audiobooks. Building on analyses of sensorial characteristics of the act of reading a digital audiobook and a literary digital app, respectively, the article presents and defines the concept of multisensory reading. This concept emphasizes the literary work's material and performative features, as well as the experienced reading situation. The authors explore how the digital literary interface changes reading situations and argue that new reading habits create a need to renegotiate what it means to read in a digital age. In particular, sensory aspects can be understood as integrally involved in what they term the digital reading condition.
Tree-based exploration of the optimization objectives for automatic cervical cancer IMRT treatment planning
Authors: Wang Hanlin , Wang Ruoxi , Liu Jiacheng , Zhang Jian , Yao Kaining , Yue Haizhen , Zhang Yibao , You Jing , Wu Hao 
Published: June 2021

Objective:
To develop and evaluate a practical automatic treatment planning method for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in cervical cancer cases.

Methods:
A novel algorithm named as Optimization Objectives Tree Search Algorithm (OOTSA) was proposed to emulate the planning optimization process and achieve a progressively improving IMRT plan, based on the Eclipse Scripting Application Programming Interface (ESAPI). 30 previously treated cervical cancer cases were selected from the clinical database and comparison was made between the OOTSA-generated plans and clinical treated plans and RapidPlan-based (RP) plans.

Results:
In clinical evaluation, compared with plan scores of the clinical plans and the RP plans, 22 and 26 of the OOTSA plans were considered as clinically improved in terms of plan quality, respectively. The average conformity index (CI) for the PTV in the OOTSA plans was 0.86 ± 0.01 (mean ± 1 standard deviation), better than those in the RP plans (0.83 ± 0.02) and the clinical plans (0.71 ± 0.11). Compared with the clinical plans, the mean doses of femoral head, rectum, spinal cord and right kidney in the OOTSA plans were reduced by 2.34 ± 2.87 Gy, 1.67 ± 2.10 Gy, 4.12 ± 6.44 Gy and 1.15 ± 2.67 Gy. Compared with the RP plans, the mean doses of femoral head, spinal cord, right kidney and small intestine in the OOTSA plans were reduced by 3.31 ± 1.55 Gy, 4.25 ± 3.69 Gy, 1.54 ± 2.23 Gy and 3.33 ± 1.91 Gy, respectively. In the OOTSA plans, the mean dose of bladder was slightly increased, with 2.33 ± 2.55 Gy (versus clinical plans) and 1.37 ± 1.74 Gy (vs RP plans). The average elapsed time of OOTSA and clinical planning were 59.2 ± 3.47 min and 76.53 ± 5.19 min.

Conclusion:
The plans created by OOTSA have been shown marginally better than the manual plans, especially in preserving OARs. In addition, the time of automatic treatment planning has shown a reduction compared to a manual planning process, and the variation of plan quality was greatly reduced. Although improvement on the algorithm is warranted, this proof-of-concept study has demonstrated that the proposed approach can be a practical solution for automatic planning.

Advances in knowledge:
The proposed method is novel in the emulation strategy of the physicists’ iterative operation during the planning process. Based on the existing optimizers, this method can be a simple yet effective solution for automated IMRT treatment planning.
Facilitators and barriers to stakeholder engagement in advance care planning for older adults in community settings: a hybrid systematic review protocol
Authors: Pilch Monika , Lunt Victoria , May Peter , Mockler David , Thomas Stephen , Doyle Frank 
Published: June 2021

Background: Poor stakeholder engagement in advance care planning (ACP) poses national and international challenges, preventing maximisation of its potential benefits. Conceptualisation of advance care planning as a health behaviour highlights the need to design innovative, evidence-based strategies that will facilitate meaningful end-of-life care decision-making. Aim: To review systematically and synthesise quantitative and qualitative evidence on barriers and facilitators to stakeholders` engagement in ACP for older adults (≥ 50 years old) in a community setting. Methods: A hybrid systematic review will be conducted, identifying studies for consideration in two phases. First, databases will be searched from inception to identify relevant prior systematic reviews, and assess all studies included in those reviews against eligibility criteria (Phase 1). Second, databases will be searched systematically for individual studies falling outside the timeframe of those reviews (Phase 2). A modified SPIDER framework informed eligibility criteria. A study will be considered if it (a) included relevant adult stakeholders; (b) explored engagement in ACP among older adults (≥50 years old); (c) employed any type of design; (d) identified enablers and/or barriers to events specified in the Organising Framework of ACP Outcomes; (e) used either quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods methodology; and (f) evaluated phenomena of interest in a community setting (e.g., primary care or community healthcare centres). Screening, selection, bias assessment, and data extraction will be completed independently by two reviewers. Integrated methodologies will be employed and quantitative and qualitative data will be combined into a single mixed method synthesis. The Behaviour Change Wheel will be used as an overarching analytical framework and to facilitate interpretation of findings. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Reviewers` Manual and PRISMA-P guidelines have been used to inform this protocol development. Registration: This protocol has been submitted for registration on PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020189568 and is awaiting review.
Wavelength-tunable Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser based on a digital
micromirror device
Authors: Wang Wenhao , Lv Yang , Wu Qianwei , Yang Juan , Lv Min , Meng Lei 
Published: June 2021

A wavelength-tunable Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser based on a
digital micromirror device (DMD) is experimentally demonstrated. The
Q-switched pulses are generated by incorporating a saturable
absorption device made of graphene oxide. Stable Q-switched pulses at
1.5 µm band are obtained at a low threshold of 20 mW, corresponding to
the pulse width of 7.1 µs and the repetition rate of 43.3 kHz. The
maximum output power and the maximum pulse energy of the Q-switched
pulses are 260.1 µW and 3.97 nJ, respectively. By controlling the DMD,
the center wavelength of the Q-switched pulses can be tuned from
1528.2 to 1559.3 nm, with a tuning range of about 31 nm. The fine
tunable accuracy can reach 0.08 nm by precisely controlling the DMD.
Combining the filtering characteristics of the DMD with the saturable
absorption characteristics of nanomaterials, the Q-switched laser with
tunable wavelength is realized, which, we believe, is reported for the
first time and has broad application prospects.
Experiences with implementation of continuous positive airway pressure for neonates and infants in low-resource settings: A scoping review
Authors: Dada Sara , Ashworth Henry , Sobitschka Alina , Raguveer Vanitha , Sharma Rupam , Hamilton Rebecca L. , Burke Thomas 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundContinuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard of care in providing non-invasive positive pressure support to neonates in respiratory distress in high-resource settings. While safety has been demonstrated in low-resource settings, there is a lack of knowledge on the barriers and facilitators to proper implementation.ObjectiveTo identify and describe the barriers, facilitators, and priorities for future implementation of CPAP for neonates and infants in low-resource settings.MethodsA systematic search (database inception to March 6, 2020) was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Global Health, and the WHO Global Index Medicus using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Original research articles pertaining to implementation of CPAP devices in low-resource settings, provider or parent perspectives and experiences with CPAP, cost-benefit analyses, and cost-effectiveness studies were included. Inductive content analysis was conducted.Findings1385 article were screened and 54 studies across 19 countries met inclusion criteria. Six major themes emerged: device attributes, patient experiences, parent experiences, provider experiences, barriers, and facilitators. Nasal trauma was the most commonly reported complication. Barriers included unreliable electricity and lack of bioengineering support. Facilitators included training, mentorship and empowerment of healthcare providers. Device design, supply chain infrastructure, and training models were imperative to the adoption and sustainability of CPAP.ConclusionSustainable implementation of CPAP in low resource settings requires easy-to-use devices, ready access to consumables, and holistic, user-driven training. Further research is necessary on standardizing metrics, interventions that support optimal provider performance, and conditions needed for successful long-term health system integration.
An imaging approach for determining the mechanism of enhancement of intestinal absorption of an L-theanine supplement
Authors: Sato Yuki , Yamaguchi Kazuki , Ogawa Mikako , Takekuma Yoh , Sugawara Mitsuru 
Published: June 2021

Background & objective
Theanine (L-glutamylethylamide) contained in green tea is a functional food component that has been attracting attention due to its relaxation effect. It was shown that the ingredients added to the theanine formulations increased the absorption of theanine. If this mechanism can be elucidated, it would be possible to contribute to development of evidence-based formulations. In this study, we investigated the effect of ingredients in the formulations on the absorption of theanine in detail.

Main methods
After oral administration of a mixture of theanine and additional components to Wistar rats the plasma concentration was determined by an HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. In addition, a new system for evaluating intestinal blood flow was developed since the involvement of intestinal blood flow was considered as a factor that increased absorption of theanine.

Key findings
Plasma concentration of theanine increased significantly in the combined use group with eight ingredients containing piperine as compared with theanine only group. Piperine would increase theanine absorption by increased blood flow, not an inhibition of metabolism. We succeeded to develop a visual and quantitative system to evaluate the effect of these ingredients directly including piperine on the intestinal blood flow using indocyanine green while maintaining physiological conditions.

Significance
Increased intestinal blood flow by these ingredients including piperine enhanced the absorption of theanine. Other mechanisms may also be considered as the mechanism by which theanine absorption is increased in addition to increased blood flow.
TestingImmerseMewith Chinese students: acquisition of foreign language forms and vocabulary in Spanish
Authors: Casañ-Pitarch Ricardo , Gong Jingtao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe use of video games in the foreign language classroom is becoming an emerging tendency. This paper aims at analysing how the serious video gameImmerseMeinfluences the learning of Spanish as a foreign language within a group of 22 Chinese students. This research was conducted through an experiment that included testing participants’ progress (group 1) before and after completing a five-lesson plan using the aforementioned video game, this being compared with a group of 26 Chinese students (group 2). Based on the content of the selected lessons, the main purpose of this test was to determine the participants’ initial level and then assess their progress considering the mistakes that they made regarding the word order structure, lexicon, grammar, spelling, and content. The results have shown that all the participants in group 1 progressed in the second test after completing the lessons throughImmerseMe, and their performances were generally better than those of group 2. In conclusion, it seems that the use of serious video games such asImmerseMecan be a useful tool in the educational field of foreign language learning and teaching.