bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Expression Profile of Antibiotic-Induced Thrombocytopenia Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database
Authors: Asai Yuki , Yamamoto Takanori , Abe Yasuharu 
Published: October 2021

Drug-induced thrombocytopenia (DITP) can be triggered by antibiotics; however, the details remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the expression profiles of DITP using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database. We analyzed reports of DITP between April 2004 and January 2021 from the JADER database. The reporting odds ratio (ROR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to detect DITP signals. Factors thought to affect DITP, such as male sex and an age of at least 60 years, were added as covariates. We evaluated the time-to-onset profile and hazard type using the Weibull shape parameter. The JADER database contained 1,048,576 reports. Twelve of 60 antibiotics showed signals for DITP; the RORs (95% CIs) for ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftazidime, cefozopran, ciprofloxacin, fluconazole, fos-fluconazole, linezolid, pazufloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, teicoplanin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and voriconazole were 1.75 (1.41-2.16), 1.77 (1.42-2.18), 1.35 (1.06-1.72), 2.56 (2.19-2.98), 1.93 (1.67-2.23), 2.08 (1.76-2.46), 5.29 (2.73-9.60), 1.92 (1.51-2.41), 1.54 (1.05-2.19), 1.47 (1.16-1.84), 1.92 (1.73-2.14), and 2.32 (1.59-3.30), respectively. In multiple logistic regression analysis, 7 and 6 antibiotics were detected for the factors age and male sex, respectively. The median times-to-onset of DITP for ciprofloxacin (oral treatment), fluconazole, linezolid, piperacillin/tazobactam, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 91, 91, 11.5, 10, and 9 days, respectively. Furthermore, the 95% CI of the Weibull shape parameter β for these antibiotics was above and excluded 1, indicating that the antibiotics were the wear out failure type. We revealed the expression profiles of DITP following treatment with 12 antibiotics.
Preliminary study of CT features of intermediate- and high-grade alimentary lymphoma and adenocarcinoma in cats
Authors: Tanaka Toshiyuki , Noguchi Shunsuke , Wada Yusuke , Nishida Hidetaka , Akiyoshi Hideo 
Published: October 2021

Case series summary The ultrasonographic findings of many feline intestinal tumours are similar. This study evaluated the CT features of intermediate- and high-grade alimentary lymphoma and adenocarcinoma in cats. CT was performed on six cats with adenocarcinoma and 14 cats with lymphoma. Comparisons between tumour types were conducted, focusing on CT features, including obstruction (present or absent), growth patterns of lesions (symmetry or asymmetry), layering enhancement (present or absent), location of the lesion, number of lesions (solitary or multiple), lymphadenopathy (present or absent), location of lymphadenopathy, pulmonary metastasis (present or absent) and maximum thickness (mm) of the lesion. The cats with adenocarcinoma (n = 5/6 [83%]) experienced intestinal obstruction significantly more often than cats with lymphoma (n = 0/14 [0%]; P = 0.0004). Layering enhancement was observed significantly more often in cats with adenocarcinoma (n = 6/6 [100%]) than in cats with lymphoma (n = 1/14 [7%]; P = 0.0002). Lymphadenopathy was detected significantly more often in cats with lymphoma (n = 14/14 [100%]) than in cats with adenocarcinoma (n = 2/6 [33%]) ( P = 0.003). In cats with lymphoma, the intestine (12.1 ± 3.9 mm) was significantly thicker than that in cats with adenocarcinoma (6.4 ± 2.3 mm; P = 0.005). Relevance and novel information To the best of our knowledge, no reports have described the characteristics of feline intestinal tumours using CT. Layering enhancement was observed in cats with intestinal adenocarcinomas. No layering enhancement was observed in alimentary lymphoma in cats, but enlarged regional nodes were noted. Lesions with lymphoma were thicker than those with adenocarcinoma. These findings may help differentiate between adenocarcinomas and lymphomas.
Developing Assistive Bedside Furniture for Early Postoperative Mobilization in a Healthcare Setting With an Attentive Empathetic Design Approach
Authors: Sukkasi Sittha , Tunnukit Pattrarat , Lerspalungsanti Sarawut 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This work endeavored to design and develop a tool to assist surgical patients with postoperative mobilization in a hospital. Background: Early postoperative mobilization after surgery can effectively help prevent complications, but it is difficult to achieve in practice. Method: An attentive empathetic design approach was used to gain insights into the users’ functional needs, characteristics, contexts, as well as their emotional needs, behaviors, and psychology. The insights led to a design that leveraged psychological heuristics and habit-building principles to effect necessary mindset and behavioral changes of the stakeholders. Over four iterations, design ideas were prototyped, tested, and improved with participation of 30 patients and 30 nurses. Results: Valuable insights were discovered. Most importantly, besides the medically critical need to avoid postoperative complications, the patients also had emotional needs for independence, confidence, and self-worthiness, while the nurses needed the patients’ trust. Consequently, assistive bedside furniture prototypes were designed to enable the patients to move around safely by themselves. Feedback on the prototypes showed that the patients sat up more often, enjoyed doing more activities, became more confident and less fearful of moving around, and felt less burdening on the care providers. Moreover, the nurses appreciated that the prototypes reduced their patient-mobilization workload, facilitated patient empowerment, and improved their relationship with the patients. Conclusions: An attentive empathetic design approach can comprehend complex challenges of and subsequently design an effective solution for healthcare contexts, in which the stakeholders’ medical necessities intertwine with emotional, psychological, behavioral, and sociocultural needs.
Human iPSC-derived macrophages for efficientStaphylococcus aureusclearance in a murine pulmonary infection model
Authors: Rafiei Hashtchin Anna , Fehlhaber Beate , Hetzel Miriam , Manstein Felix , Stalp Jan Lennart , Glage Silke , Abeln Markus , Zweigerdt Robert , Munder Antje , Viemann Dorothee , Ackermann Mania , Lachmann Nico 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrimary or secondary immunodeficiencies are characterized by disruption of cellular and humoral immunity. Respiratory infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunodeficient or immunocompromised patients, with Staphylococcus aureus being a common offending organism. We propose here an adoptive macrophage transfer approach aiming to enhance impaired pulmonary immunity against S aureus. Our studies, using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived macrophages (iMφs), demonstrate efficient antimicrobial potential against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant clinical isolates of S aureus. Using an S aureus airway infection model in immunodeficient mice, we demonstrate that the adoptive transfer of iMφs is able to reduce the bacterial load more than 10-fold within 20 hours. This effect was associated with reduced granulocyte infiltration and less damage in lung tissue of transplanted animals. Whole transcriptome analysis of iMφs compared with monocyte-derived macrophages indicates a more profound upregulation of inflammatory genes early after infection and faster normalization 24 hours postinfection. Our data demonstrate high therapeutic efficacy of iMφ-based immunotherapy against S aureus infections and offer an alternative treatment strategy for immunodeficient or immunocompromised patients.
Oxidative stress indices in ASD children in Sub-Sahara Africa
Authors: Omotosho Ishiaq Olayinka , Akinade Adekunbi Olufunke , Lagunju Ikeoluwa Abiola , Yakubu Momoh A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains a medical challenge even in the developed world. Although genetics and epigenetic factors have been variously indicted as major causes of the disorder, development of oxidative stress especially in the formative years of children has equally gained prominence as an etiological basis of the disorder. Oxidative stress is characterized by the production of excessive amounts of free radicals, decreased levels of antioxidants with the attendant imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant ratio. This study was designed to determine the levels of essential metals [magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu)] and toxic metal, lead (Pb), and generation of oxidative stress by their abnormal interaction.MethodTwenty-five children clinically diagnosed for ASD according to DSM-IV-TR and 25 neuro-typical (NT) children (controls), (aged 5.96 ± 1.40 years and 6.18 ± 2.59 years respectively) were recruited for this study. Essential and toxic metals were analyzed using induction-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (MDA), total plasma peroxidase (TPP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] were determined using appropriate biochemical methods. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated.ResultsThe levels of TPP and TAC were significantly reduced while MDA was higher in ASD compared to NT. Although OSI was higher in ASD, the difference was not significant. Pb (lead) concentration was significantly increased while Mg, Zn, and Cu levels were reduced significantly in ASD compared to NT. A significant negative correlation between Mg and OSI (r= − 0.438;p= 0.029) was observed in NT.ConclusionReduction in Zn and Mg levels with a concurrent increase in Pb in children with ASD in this study may be the basis of inadequate TAC manifesting as increased MDA and reduced TPP levels. The attendant imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant ratio may result in abnormality in neuronal transduction leading to the abnormal cognitive and speech functions characteristic of ASD.
Fate of antibiotic resistance genes in abandoned swine feedlots in China: seasonal variation
Authors: Li Na , Chen Jianguo , Liu Chong , Li Binxu , Zhu Changxiong , Li Hongna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Environmental hygiene concerns are needed to be settled before the reuse of abandoned swine feedlot sites. However, few researchers have focused on the fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil microbiota around abandoned swine feedlots. In this study, we examined the seasonal alterations of ARGs and bacterial community composition in soil using quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene.

Results
The seasonal variation patterns were different for different ARG subtypes and soil sampling sites. The bacterial community composition at the genus level generally showed no significant alteration from winter to summer. Moreover, the co-occurrence network suggested that the bacterial genera host range of ARGs was broader in the summer than in the winter.

Conclusion
This study offers further data on ARG transfer risk in soil, emphasizing the necessity of continuous concern before land-reuse of abandoned feedlots.
A comparative analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs and circRNAs provides insights into the key genes involved in the high-altitude adaptation of yaks
Authors: Ge Qianyun , Guo Yongbo , Zheng Wangshan , Cai Yuan , Qi Xuebin , Zhao Shengguo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Yaks that inhabit the Tibetan Plateau exhibit striking phenotypic and physiological differences from cattle and have adapted well to the extreme conditions on the plateau. However, the mechanisms used by these animals for the regulation of gene expression at high altitude are not fully understood.

Results
Here, we sequenced nine lung transcriptomes of yaks at altitudes of 3400, 4200 and 5000 m, and low-altitude Zaosheng cattle, which is a closely related species, served as controls. The analysis identified 21,764 mRNAs, 1377 circRNAs and 1209 miRNAs. By comparing yaks and cattle, 4975 mRNAs, 252 circRNAs and 75 miRNAs were identified differentially expressed. By comparing yaks at different altitudes, we identified 756 mRNAs, 64 circRNAs and 83 miRNAs that were differentially expressed (fold change ≥2 and P-value < 0.05). The pathways enriched in the mRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs identified from the comparison of yaks and cattle were mainly associated with metabolism, including ‘glycosaminoglycan degradation’, ‘pentose and glucuronate interconversions’ and ‘flavone and flavonol biosynthesis’, and the mRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs identified from the comparison of yaks at different altitude gradients were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways and immune and genetic information processing pathways. The core RNAs were identified from the mRNA-miRNA-circRNA networks constructed using the predominant differentially expressed RNAs. The core genes specific to the difference between yaks and cattle were associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and fat deposition, but those identified from the comparison among yaks at different altitude gradients were associated with maintenance of the normal biological functions of cells.

Conclusions
This study enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in hypoxic adaptation in yaks and might contribute to improvements in the understanding and prevention of hypoxia-related diseases.
Rationale and design of the application value of Beijing Vascular Health Stratification (BVHS): predictive value of combined assessment of vascular structure and function for cardiovascular events in general Chinese population
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhou Xiaohua , Liu Jinbo , Huang Wei , Zhao Na , Wang Hongyu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Vascular endothelial dysfunction, arteriosclerosis and atherosclerotic plaque are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies on vascular health markers have been well-established, however, there is still a lack of related research on combined vascular structure and function indicators.

Method
Beijing vascular health stratification (BVHS) is an evaluation system aiming at vascular health, combined the endothelial function, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerotic plaque and vascular lumen stenosis to comprehensively assess the vascular health and grade it. This study will explore the predictive value of the combined evaluation of vascular structure and function for cardiovascular events and assess the predictive value of BVHS and compare it with the existing risk assessment systems. A total of 1500 subjects will be enrolled into the prospective cohort study from a community and will be followed up for at least 3 years from July 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023. Subjects aged 40 or above, without coronary heart disease, stroke or peripheral artery disease, with written informed consent will be included; subjects with end-stage hepatorenal diseases (uremia, renal failure, cirrhosis, liver failure), mental disorders or cognitive disorders, with any other factors that the researcher thinks are not suitable for the study will be excluded. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors will be collected as adjusted confounders.

Discussion
BVHS is a potential and scientific vascular health evaluation system. The study will be the first to grade vascular health by combing various vascular indicators and explore the prediction value and compare with other risk prediction system in general Chinese population.
Trial registration: The trial is registered on http://www.chictr.org.cn/ (ChiCTR2000034085).
Adherence to the ABCDE approach in relation to the method of instruction: a randomized controlled simulation study
Authors: Linders Marjolein , Binkhorst Mathijs , Draaisma Jos M. T. , van Heijst Arno F. J. , Hogeveen Marije 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure (ABCDE) approach is widely recommended and taught in many resuscitation courses. This study assessed the adherence to the ABCDE algorithm and whether this was affected by the instruction method used to teach this approach.

Methods
Randomized controlled trial in which simulation was used as investigational method. Between June 2017 and January 2018, neonatal healthcare providers routinely participated in simulated neonatal advanced life support (NALS) scenarios, using a high-fidelity manikin. They were randomly assigned to a video-based instruction (intervention group) or a conventional lecture (control group) as the method of instruction. One blinded researcher evaluated the adherence to the ABCDE approach on video with an assessment tool specifically designed and tested for this study. The primary outcomes were: 1) the overall adherence and 2) the between-group difference in individual adherence to the ABCDE approach, both expressed as a percentage score. Secondary outcomes were: 1) the scores of each profession category (nurses, neonatal ward clinicians, fellows/neonatologists) and 2) the scores for the separate domains (A, B, C, D, and E) of the algorithm.

Results
Seventy-two participants were assessed. Overall mean (SD) percentage score (i.e. overall adherence) was 31.5% (19.0). The video-based instruction group (28 participants) adhered better to the ABCDE approach than the lecture group (44 participants), with mean (SD) scores of 38.8% (18.7) and 27.8% (18.2), respectively (p = 0.026). The difference in adherence between both groups could mainly be attributed to differences in the adherence to domain B (p = 0.023) and C (p = 0.007). Neonatal ward clinicians (39.9% (18.2)) showed better adherence than nurses (25.0% (15.2)), independent of the study group (p = 0.010).

Conclusions
Overall adherence to the ABCDE algorithm was rather low. Video-based instruction resulted in better adherence to the ABCDE approach during NALS training than lecturing.

Trial registration
ISRCTN registry, trial ID ISRCTN95998973, retrospectively registered on October 13th, 2020.
Preoperative ALBI grade predicts the outcomes in non-B non-C HCC patients undergoing primary curative resection
Authors: Tsai Yu-Chieh , Sou Fai-Meng , Liu Yueh-Wei , Wu Yi-Ju , Yong Chee-Chien , Chen Ding-Wei , Huang Pao-Yuan , Cho Wei-Ru , Chuang Ching-Hui , Hsiao Chang-Chun , Hu Tsung-Hui , Tsai Ming-Chao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grade has been validated as a significant prognostic predictor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is little information about the ALBI grade in patients with non-B non-C HCC (NBNC-HCC) receiving surgery.

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the ALBI grade in patients with NBNC-HCC after primary curative resection.

Method
From January 2010 to April 2016, 2137 patients with HCC who received hepatectomy were screened for study eligibility. Finally, a total of 168 NBNC-HCC patients who received primary curative resection were analyzed. The impacts of the ALBI grade on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed by multivariate analysis.

Results
There were 66 (39.3%), 98 (58.3%), and 4 (2.4%) patients with an ALBI grade of I, II, and III, respectively. Patients with an ALBI grade II/III were older (p = 0.002), more likely to have hypoalbuminemia (p < 0.001), and more commonly had Child–Pugh class B (p = 0.009) than patients with an ALBI grade I. After a median follow-up of 76 months, 74 (44%) patients experienced recurrence, and 72 (42.9%) patients died. Multivariate analysis revealed that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 200 ng/mL (p = 0.021), number of tumors (p = 0.001), and tumor stage (p = 0.007) were independent prognostic factors for DFS. Additionally, AFP > 200 ng/mL (p = 0.002), ALBI grade II/III (p = 0.002), and tumor stage (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for poor OS.

Conclusion
The preoperative ALBI grade can be used to predict mortality in patients with NBNC-HCC after primary curative resection.
Immunoglobulin a nephropathy as the first clinical presentation of Wilson disease: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Yong-Zhe , Jian Geng , He Ping , Yu Rui , Tian Mi , Wu Yan , Zhang Bei-Ru 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Wilson disease (WD) is a rare genetic disorder of copper metabolism. Differences in copper tissue accumulation lead to various clinical manifestations, including some atypical presentations. The complex clinical features of WD make diagnosis challenging, delaying the best chance for treatment.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 26-year-old man with nephritis-range proteinuria and elevated serum creatinine. The renal pathology indicated immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy and tubular injury, which was inconsistent with glomerular lesions. Cirrhosis was also detected by imaging examination. Considering both kidney injury and liver damage, WD was suspected. Based on results showing abnormal copper metabolism, corneal Kayser–Fleischer rings, and genetic disorders in the ATP7B gene, the patient was finally diagnosed with WD. After treatment with oral penicillamine, zinc sulfate and losartan, the patient showed alleviation of both WD and nephropathy after 3 years of follow-up. He maintained a good quality of daily life.

Conclusion
This case highlights that unexplained neurological and liver symptoms in patients with IgA nephropathy can be clues for WD.
Efficacy of macrogol 4000 plus electrolytes in bowel preparation for colonoscopy in patients with chronic constipation
Authors: Ichijima Ryoji , Suzuki Sho , Esaki Mitsuru , Sugita Tomomi , Ogura Kanako , Kusano Chika , Ikehara Hisatomo , Gotoda Takuji 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Chronic constipation is a significant factor in poor bowel preparation for colonoscopy. Macrogol 4000 plus electrolytes (Movicol, EA Pharma, Tokyo, Japan), containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and electrolytes, have been used recently to treat patients with constipation. However, prospective studies on the use of macrogol 4000 for bowel cleansing for colonoscopy are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of macrogol 4000 in addition to PEG administered in patients with chronic constipation.

Methods
This single-center, single-arm prospective study enrolled patients with chronic constipation who were scheduled to undergo colonoscopy. The primary endpoint was the proportion of good bowel preparation assessed using the Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS) (6 or more points). The secondary endpoints were the time from when pPEG (MoviPrep, EA Pharma, Tokyo, Japan) was taken until colonoscopy could be started, amount of PEG taken, number of defecations, whether additional PEG doses were taken, and adverse events. Endoscopy-related endpoints included cecal intubation rate, insertion time, observation time, adenoma detection rate (ADR), and polyp detection rate (PDR). The tolerability of PEG and macrogol 4000 was assessed using a questionnaire.

Results
Forty patients were included in the analysis. The median BBPS was 7 (range 3–9) and ≥ 6 points in 37 cases (92.5%). The median time until colonoscopy can be started was 210 min (90–360 min), the median volume of PEG taken was 1500 mL (1000–2000 mL), and the median number of defecations was 7 (3–20). No adverse events were observed. Fourteen patients required an additional dose of PEG. Cecal intubation was achieved in all cases, the median insertion time was 6.0 min (range 2.3–22 min), and the median observation time was 8.8 min (range 4.0–16.0 min). The ADR and PDR were 60.0% and 75.0%, respectively. A proportion of patients rated the tolerability of macrogol 4000 and PEG as 95.0% and 50.0%, respectively.

Conclusions
Intake of macrogol 4000 in addition to PEG is effective and safe for colonoscopy in patients with chronic constipation.
Clinical trial registration statement This study was registered in the UMIN-CTR database (UMIN-ID000038315).