bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Inequality Analysis in Europe: Exploring the Potential of the EQ-5D as Outcome
Authors: Spronk Inge , Haagsma Juanita A. , Lubetkin Erica I. , Polinder Suzanne , Janssen M. F. , Bonsel G. J. 
Published: November 2021

Objective: This study explored the additive value of the multi-item EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) as an outcome measure in health inequality analyses, relative to the single-item EuroQol visual analog scale (EQ VAS).Methods: A sample comprising the general population from Italy, the Netherlands, and United Kingdom (UK) completed the EQ-5D-5L and the EQ VAS. The level of education was selected as a proxy for socio-economic status (SES). EQ-5D-5L level sum scores (LSS) were compared against EQ VAS scores. Stratified and multivariable analyses were used to study the associations between SES and the LSS/EQ VAS relative to the presence of chronic health conditions.Results: A total of 10,172 people participated in this study. In the UK and Netherlands, the LSS was worst for respondents with a low educational level and better for respondents with middle and high educational levels. For Italy, the LSS was best for respondents with a middle educational level compared to respondents with low and high educational levels. The same patterns were observed for the EQ VAS, but differences were slightly smaller. Multivariable analyses showed generally stronger predictive relations in the UK, and with the LSS. The presence of chronic health conditions and being unable to work were independent strong predictors, canceling out the effects of education.Conclusions: In three different European countries, the EQ-5D measures show the presence of education-dependent health inequalities, which are universally explained in regression analysis by independently the presence of chronic health conditions and the inability to work. In stratified analysis, the EQ-5D-5L LSS discriminates slightly better between participants with different levels of SES compared to the EQ VAS.
MMS Observations of Double Mid-Latitude Reconnection Ion Beams in the Early Non-Linear Phase of the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability
Authors: Eriksson Stefan , Ma Xuanye , Burch James L. , Otto Antonius , Elkington Scot , Delamere Peter A. 
Published: November 2021

The MMS satellites encountered a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) period in the early non-linear phase at the post-noon flank magnetopause on 8 Sep 2015. The adjacent magnetosheath was characterized by a pre-dominantly northward Bz &gt; 0 magnetic field with weakly positive in-plane components in a GSM coordinate system. Ion velocity distribution functions indicate at least 17 KH vortex intervals with two typically D-shaped ion beam distributions, commonly associated with reconnection exhausts, that stream in both directions along a mostly northward magnetic field at 350–775 km/s with a median 525 km/s ion beam speed. The counter-streaming ion beams are superposed on a core population of slowly drifting magnetosheath ions with a field-aligned 50–200 km/s speed. Each interval lasted no more than 5.25 s with a median duration of 1.95 s corresponding to in-plane spatial scales 3 &lt; ΔS &lt; 22 di assuming a constant 1 di = 61 km ion inertial scale and a tailward VKH∼258 km/s KH vortex propagation speed along the MMS trajectory. The counter-streaming ions are predominantly observed in the warm KH vortex region between the cold magnetosheath proper and the hot isotropic ion temperature of a low-latitude boundary layer as the MMS constellation traverses a KH vortex. The in-plane spatial scales and the locations of the observed counter-streaming ion beams generally agree with the predictions of twice-reconnected magnetic fields at two mid-latitude reconnection (MLR) regions in a two-fluid three-dimensional numerical simulation previously reported for this KH event. MMS typically recorded a higher phase space density of the fast parallel ion beam that we associate with a tailward reconnection exhaust from the southern MLR (SMLR) and a lower phase space density of the fast anti-parallel ion beam that we associate with a tailward reconnection exhaust from the northern MLR (NMLR) of similar speed. This is either consistent with MMS being closer to the SMLR region than the NMLR region, or that the KHI conditions may have favored reconnection in the SMLR region for the observed in-plane magnetosheath magnetic field as predicted by a two-fluid three-dimensional numerical simulation.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts against Some Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Raw and Processed Meat
Authors: Meshaal Ahmed Kh. , Hetta Helal F. , Yahia Ramadan , Abualnaja Khamael M. , Mansour Abdallah Tageldein , Al-Kadmy Israa M. S. , Alghamdi Saad , Dablool Anas S. , Emran Talha Bin , Sedky Haitham , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , El-Kazzaz Waleed 
Published: November 2021

Background and aim: The poultry meat and its products are considered ideal media for bacterial growth and spoilage, as they are highly nutritive with a favorable pH. The food industry has focused its attention on a great diversity of plant species as food preservatives. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli O157: H7, and Klebsiella pneumonia in food samples and to evaluate of the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant extracts against these bacteria. Methods: Raw and processed meat samples (n = 60) were collected from abattoirs and local markets. S. aureus, E. coli O157: H7, and K. pneumonia were isolated, identified by phenotypic methods, and then confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The antibacterial activity and spectrum of essential oils and spices powder of cumin, black seeds, cloves, cinnamon, and marjoram was determined against the isolated strains in this study by microbial count and well-diffusion techniques. Results: A total of 33 isolates have been identified as S. aureus, 30 isolates were identified as E. coli O157: H7, and 15 isolates were identified as K. pneumonia. S. aureus, E. coli O157: H7, and K. pneumonia could be detected in both fresh and processed food with higher prevalence in the processed meat. There was a significant decrease in microbial count in treated samples either with the spices powder or essential oils of the tested medicinal plants compared to control samples during storage time period. Furthermore, while the microbial count increased in the control samples, the microbial count decreased to reach zero in almost all treated samples with essential oils after 15 days of storage. Conclusion: S. aureus, E. coli O157: H7, and K. pneumonia are associated with food from animal sources, in either fresh or processed meat samples. The prevalence of them was higher in the processed meat than in fresh meat. The essential oils and spices powder of cumin, black seeds, cloves, cinnamon, and marjoram have an in vitro wide spectrum antibacterial activity with the highest antibacterial activity for the black seeds.
Effect of Point Defects on Electronic Structure of Monolayer GeS
Authors: Choi Hyeong-Kyu , Cha Janghwan , Choi Chang-Gyu , Kim Junghwan , Hong Suklyun 
Published: November 2021

Using density functional theory calculations, atomic and electronic structure of defects in monolayer GeS were investigated by focusing on the effects of vacancies and substitutional atoms. We chose group IV or chalcogen elements as substitutional ones, which substitute for Ge or S in GeS. It was found that the bandgap of GeS with substitutional atoms is close to that of pristine GeS, while the bandgap of GeS with Ge or S vacancies was smaller than that of pristine GeS. In terms of formation energy, monolayer GeS with Ge vacancies is more stable than that with S vacancies, and notably GeS with Ge substituted with Sn is most favorable within the range of chemical potential considered. Defects affect the piezoelectric properties depending on vacancies or substitutional atoms. Especially, GeS with substitutional atoms has almost the same piezoelectric stress coefficients eij as pristine GeS while having lower piezoelectric strain coefficients dij but still much higher than other 2D materials. It is therefore concluded that Sn can effectively heal Ge vacancy in GeS, keeping high piezoelectric strain coefficients.
Metode Importance Performa Analisys (IPA) sebagai Penentuan Kepuasan dan Kenyamanan Pengguna Website Universitas PGRI Madiun
Authors: Fatim  , Kelik  
Published: November 2021

PGRI Madiun University is an institution in the city of Madiun in its development using the website as a tool to promote. Today's technology is very advanced and has many benefits for life in our environment. Website is an effective promotional media, providing information and receiving information speed is very fast. Therefore, PGRI Madiun University uses the website for promotional purposes in addition to academic activities so far. Correct and accurate information will have an impact on society, and the trust given to the community will also increase. Analysis of the quality of use and utilization of the website to see visitor satisfaction with information and services when viewed from user satisfaction is needed to measure user satisfaction. This study analyzes how much user satisfaction is with the university website using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) approach. The results of the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) analysis show that several recommendations are obtained from the results of the analysis of this research which are the priority and the main thing to be maintained is the quality of information. So that visitors feel faster and more accurate in obtaining information with the PGRI Madiun University website.
Keywords: Website. Importance Performance Analysis, Analysis.
Sistem Rekomendasi Pembelian Sepeda Motor Bekas Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Tahani
Authors: Murdianingsih Yuli , Sitiumayah Ulfah 
Published: November 2021

A used motorcycle is an option in the quest to buy a motorcycle, reliability is one factor. Accessibility means the size and the sum of the installment. Affordability is very important given the Covid-19 pandemic and economic recession, particularly in an environment of economic downturn. This research aims to establish a used motorcycle purchase recommendation system using the year's criteria for the manufacture of used motorcycles, prices,Â and installments in the purchase of used motorcycles, as well as to assess how high the reliability of the used motorcycle purchase recommendation system is. Firstly, twenty used motor data were obtained which were used to analyze recommendations, secondly to determine the domain size, thirdly to determine the function and degree of membership for each parameter, fourth to measure fire intensity and fifth to determine recommendations for the purchase of used motorbikes. Testing device reliability using the MAE tool. The framework was implemented using the interface MySQL DBMS and PHP. Using the Fuzzy Tahani method, the search for used motorbikes can be carried out, with the benefit of providing the installment quantity parameter and fifty-eight percent of the device reliability for buying used motorcycles. Â
Backpropagation Neural Network Untuk Prediksi Kesuksesan Film Secara Finansial
Authors: Rahmani Ani , Edwin Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

A film is one of the entertainment media in human life. It makes the film industry becomes a potential business to get promising income. Prediction of success of a film financially supports film producers, production houses, distributors, and stakeholders in making decisions. The existing research on film predictions is from a popularity point of view. There is also research to predict success from a financial point of view, but using social media film rating data, which has been released. This paper is a study to find a predictive model for the success of films from the financial aspect of films that have not been released. The prediction model uses the Backpropgation neural network (BNN) algorithm by calculating the accuracy, precision, recall, and f-score. The observed variablesÂ are a combination of film success parameters, namely, budget, genre, production company, holiday, runtime, and competition factor. The study results show that the use of more recent data, although less data, can produce better accuracy values, compared to using more data, films released in older years. From a financial point of view, the difference in the year the film was released, especially if it was tens of years, significantly affects the prediction results. Finally, the number of hidden layers and hidden nodes has a significant non-linear role in determining the prediction results.
Efektivitas Pendidikan Moral Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Siswa Di TK Islam Terpadu Asa Sumbawa
Authors: Ramlafatma Ramlafatma , Oruh Shermina , Agustang Andi 
Published: November 2021

Moral education is a conscious effort to teach the value of goodness including good behavior, in accordance with normative rules and human behavior in daily life. As individual and social beings in society. Moral means costums, habits, values or life procedures, such a honesty, trustworthiness, fairness, responsibility, respect for fellow human beings, harmony, social solidarity and so on which are packaged in the image of goodness. Moral education is very important to shaping the character. Student in moral learning, especially children, need orientation, for example, that treatment become actions or behavior. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine the effectiveness of moral education in student trhough reading daily prayers and short hadiths in the context of building student character, (2) to know the implementation of moral education methods in student. This type of research is Classroom Action Research or CAR (Classroom Action Research), which is research conducted in a class to find out the consequences of action applied to a research subject in that class. The result of the study show that (1) the educational methods of reading daily prayers and short hadiths in order to shape the character of student is very effective where the abilities possessed by student can show their daily behavior at school. Their morals already reflect Islamic behavior. (2) The learning process carried out by the teacher in collaboration with parents at home is directly interacting with student both during learning and when student are playing.
SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L.), GAMBIER (Uncaria gambir Robx.) AND PINANG (Arecha catechu L.) AS ALTERNATIVES FOR NATURAL COLOR IN COSMETIC PREPARATIONS
Authors: Latirah Latirah 
Published: November 2021

Secang wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.), gambier (Uncaria gambir Robx.) and areca seed (Arecha catechu L.) are alternatives that are used as natural dyes in food and beverages. This research aims to develop extracts of secang wood, gambier and areca seeds as natural dyes in cosmetic preparations. The manufacture is done by making a thick extrack of secang wood, gambier and areca seeds using solvent etanol 96 %. The resulting viscous exctract was evaluated by colour test using by cromameter. The reseach produced secang wood dyes with a volue of 0HUE 23,30±0,100 (red), gambier 338±0,116 (purple) and areca seeds 337,03±1,497 (purple), while the 0HUE value of the combination of thick extracts of secang-gambier 344,03±0,346 (purple red), secang-areca 10,27±0,208 (purple red) and secang-gambier-areca 6,49±0,150 (purple red).
Keywords : secang wood, gambier, areca seeds.
SETTLEMENT SYSTEM OF THE DNIEPER LEFT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF THE SECOND HALF OF 8th — MIDDLE OF 6th CENTURIES BCE
Authors: Grechko D. S. 
Published: November 2021

Dnieper Left-Bank Forest-Steppe region in the Early Iron Age was inhabited in several stages. For the first time, the agricultural population appears in the Zhabotyn period. Settlements that emerged at this time would become the centres of some settlement structures in the Early Scythian period. There are no burial sites of the settled population of Pre-Scythian times in the basin of Vorskla and Psel rivers. The few burials of nomads of Pre-Scythian time are synchronous to this group of settlements with ashhills. These assemblages, except Butenky, have no signs of militarization of the population of the Post-Zrubna culture, which have left in the Forest-Steppe. It’s likely that these two groups of populations coexisted peacefully, occupying separate ecological niches.
The development of this population in relatively calm military and political conditions could have caused a demographic explosion and we have developed settlement structure in the middle of 7th century BCE. It represented by «cluster» of settlements with ashhills, which was united by a single burial mound necropolis.
Today, it may be considered densely populated territory between Vorskla and Psel rivers with an agricultural population from the Dnieper Right-Bank region in the Early Scythian time. At that time, nomadic groups are emerging in the region, some of which participated in Asia Minor campaigns. Their burial monuments are mainly identified at the routes of their movement and places of frequent stops (winterings, etc.) — the Sula river region, north-western Vorskla river region (Kup’ievakha, Kolomak). The appearence of the settlement at the place of Western fortification of Bil’sk hillfort Western fortification also connected with the fact that exactly nomads probably chose this strategic place as a wintering at the intersection of communications roads. Thus, the ethnical and cultural history of the Dnieper Left-bank Forest-Steppe of that time connected with close interaction of Vorskla river’ farmers with different groups of Iranian-speaking nomads, which were the decisive force in the region and had control over the settled population.
IRANIAN MYTH ABOUT THE ROYAL AUTHORITY AND THE PECTORAL FROM TOVSTA MOGYLA
Authors: Polidovych Yu. B. 
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of images on a gold pectoral from the Tovsta Mogyla of the middle of the 4th century BC. The product has a well-thought-out structure (fig. 1). The main friezes are the internal and external ones. The central axis on which the most important scenes are located is highlighted. The arrangement of the scenes inside the friezes is subject to pendulum symmetry (fig. 2). The main theme of the external frieze is the death. The central scene embodies the triumph of death, but with each next scene it recedes, and in scenes with a hare and grasshoppers one can watch the transition of the theme to its opposite. The main theme of the internal frieze is life. The development of life is shown through the growth of cubs from the moment of birth to the beginning of adult life. Figures of birds on the frieze edges indicate a change in theme. The story of man, which also has its development, is interwoven into the internal frieze. Its beginning is in the central scene where two men create the clothes from sheep’s clothing. Such clothes in Iranian mythology symbolized the royal khwarrah. It can be assumed that the central characters are the gods who create the royal khwarrah and the happy fate of the future ruler. Such gods could be the Iranian Verethragna and Mithra, corresponding to the Scythian «Ares» and Oitosyros. In the three scenes of the upper frieze the myth about royal power is enclosed. Its main motives are following: predetermining the birth of the king and his happy fate, birth, raising by shepherds, being at the headquarters of the ruler after reaching adulthood and gaining royal power. The appearance of this mythology in the Iranian environment is probably associated with the accession of Cyrus the Great and the Achaemenid dynasty. In the Scythian environment it was called upon to legitimize the power of the ruler-owner of the pectoral. Apparently the myth was a reference to the legendary times of Kolaxais, the ancestor of the Paralates, Scythian warriors and kings. In such a situation the pectoral was conceived as one of the visible incarnations of the royal family khwarrah, telling by means of iconography about its origin.
THE SECOND STAGE OF SARMATIAN SETTLEMENT IN WALLACHIA
Authors: Oţa L. 
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to discuss the features of the graves that can be attributed to the second stage of Sarmatian settlement in Wallachia. The first stage of arrival of the Sarmatians in Wallachia can be dated in the last decade of the 1st century AD and the first decades of the 2nd century AD. The second stage of arrival of the Sarmatians in Wallachia, linked to the Marcomannic Wars, begins in the late 2nd century AD and continues during the following century. Sarmatians entered Wallachia not as enemies of the Roman Empire, but as allies always supervised by the Roman troops. A number of 153 graves can be linked with the second stage of Sarmatian settlement in Wallachia, whose territorial distribution, although extended in comparison with the first stage, does not uniformly cover the entire territory of Wallachia. The features of Sarmatian burials are discussed in detail: grave layout (types of interments, orientation, position of the deceased, age and sex of the individuals), main categories of grave goods (pottery, adornments, dress accessories, toilet implements, household tools, weapons). Based on this analysis, the main features of the funerary ritual are emphasized. The tendency to uniform the orientation and the position of the deceased individuals can be clearly observed. As regards the funerary inventory, not only the diversity of the categories of items is visible, but also their deposit in higher numbers in the burials. Dacian pottery is deposited even more often than the handmade Sarmatian pottery, but the Roman imports not only register the same low frequency, but also do not differ too much compared to the previous stage. A clear change in the display of the status during the period between the late 2nd century AD and the middle of the following century can be noticed: the tumuli lose their significance as status markers, grave goods with significant value disappear, possible higher status is emphasized by association of several items. Against a general background of diversification and increase in the number of items chosen to be deposited inside the grave, a real series of female burials stands out. The loss of the Roman control over Wallachia resulted in the sudden decrease, until almost extinction, of the number of Sarmatian discoveries here.
GRAVES WITH SARMATIAN FEATURES AT THE GRAVE FIELDS OF THE LATE ROMAN PERIOD VOYTENKI AND ZACHEPILOVKA: COMPARATIVE CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Lyubichev M. V. , Schultze E. 
Published: November 2021

One of the most important problems in the study of the Chernyakhiv culture is the study of cultural traditions, among them the Sarmatian one. A comparative study of the manifestation of the signs of the Sarmatian element on the «side» and «dune» cemeteries in the region is important, for which Voytenki and Zachepilovka are now undoubtedly «basic» monuments. When identifying burials of the Late Scythian / Sarmatian cultural tradition, the presence and combination of «indisputable» and «probable» signs is taken into account. Sarmatian cultural tradition at cemeteries of the Chernyakhiv culture Voytenki and Zachepilovka in the Dnieper-Donets forest-steppe are manifested predominantly in the same way, but has also distinctive features. Both cemeteries have graves in niche pit. In the graves of Zachepilovka more hand-made vessels have been detected und there they have been found even in cremation graves. At both cemeteries a combination of «indisputable» Late Scythian / Sarmatian signs is rather rare, the «indisputable» signs are supplemented by «probable» ones. Late Scythian / Sarmatian features are more significant at the Zachepilovka cemetery. Some models of the compatibility of Sarmatian features in the burials are presented, which were also observed at the cemeteries of the Chernyakhiv culture in the Dnieper-Donets forest-steppe. In the context of the study of the Late Scythian / Sarmatian tradition in the Chernyakhiv culture, the issue of the evolution of the content of the rite of the construction in niche pit from the «ethnic» to the social is also relevant.