bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservative treatment of microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix stage IA1: Defining conization height to an optimal oncological outcome
Authors: Hartman Caio A. , Bragança Joana F. , Gurgel Maria Salete C. , Zeferino Luiz C. , Andrade Liliana A. L. A. , Teixeira Julio C. 
Published: July 2021

Objective
This paper searches an ideal cone height for stage definition and safe treatment of cervical microinvasive squamous carcinoma stage IA1 (MIC IA1), avoiding excessive cervix resection, favoring a future pregnancy.

Methods
A retrospective study was performed involving 562 women with MIC IA1, from 1985 to 2013, evaluating cone margin involvement, depth of stromal invasion, lymph vascular invasion, conization height, and residual uterine disease (RD). High-grade squamous lesions or worse detection was considered recurrence. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed, including age, conization technique (CKC, cold-knife, or ETZ, excision of transformation zone), and pathological results. Conization height to provide negative margins and the risk of residual disease were analyzed.

Results
Conization was indicated by biopsy CIN2/3 in 293 cases. Definitive treatments were hysterectomy (69.8%), CKC (20.5%), and ETZ (9.7%). Recurrence rate was 5.5%, more frequent in older women (p = 0.030), and less frequent in the hysterectomy group (p = 0.023). Age ≥40 years, ETZ and conization height are independent risk factors for margin involvement. For ages <40 years, 10 mm cone height was associated with 68.6% Negative Predictive Value (NPV) for positive margins, while for 15 mm and 25 mm, the NPV was 75.8% and 96.2%, respectively. With negative margins, the NPV for RD varied from 85.7–92.3% for up to 24 mm cone height and 100% from 25 mm.

Conclusion
Conization 10 mm height for women <40 years provided adequate staging for almost 70%, with 10% of RD and few recurrences. A personalized cone height and staging associated with conservative treatment are recommended.
Intraoperative quality assessment of tissue perfusion with indocyanine green (ICG) in a porcine model of mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Duprée Anna , Rieß Henrik , von Kroge Philipp H. , Izbicki Jakob R. , Debus Eike S. , Mann Oliver , Pinnschmidt Hans O. , Russ Detlef , Detter Christian , Wipper Sabine H. 
Published: July 2021

Background
Mesenteric ischemia is a severe and potentially lethal event. Assessment of intestine perfusion is eminently depending on the skills, and the experience of the surgeon. Thus, the therapy is biased by the right evaluation. Aim of this study is to determine the applicability, and the usefulness of fluorescent-imaging (FI) with indocyanine green (ICG) in a porcine model of mesenteric ischemia. Second end-point is the verification of a visual and quantitative assessment tool of the intestinal perfusion.

Methods
In 18 pigs (54,2 ±2,9kg) an occlusion of a side-branch of the mesenteric artery was performed for 3 (group I, n = 7), 6 (group II, n = 7), and 10 hours (group III, n = 4). After reperfusion a 60 minutes observation period was carried out. 3 regions of interest were defined: ischemic bowel (D1), transitional zone (D2), and non-ischemic bowel (D3). ICG-FI was performed during baseline (T0), occlusion (T1), reperfusion (T2) and after an observation period of 60 minutes (T4).

Results
All experiments could be finished successfully. ICG-FI was assessed using assessment of background-subtracted peak fluorescence intensity (BSFI), slope of fluorescence intensity (SFI), and a baseline adjusted ratio of both parameters. ICG-FI confirmed loss of perfusion in D1, decreased perfusion in D2, and increased perfusion in D3. After reperfusion ICG-FI increased in group 2 due to a severe tissue damage resulting in a capillary leakage. In group I ICG-FI was equal to baseline values indicating the totally reversible loss of perfusion.

Conclusion
Using ICG-FI to estimate intestine perfusion after different durations of ischemia is viable using a porcine model of mesenteric ischemia. Even small differences in perfusion can be reliably determined by ICG-FI. Thus, ICG-FI is an encouraging method to evaluate intestine perfusion intraoperatively.
Post–Liver Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder Presenting as Biliary Stricture
Authors: Karb Daniel , Satyavada Sagarika , Shah Raj , Ismail Mayada , Alencherry Erin , Beck Rose , Cohen Stanley Martin 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
A 63-year-old man with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis who underwent orthotopic liver transplant presented 1 year later with obstructive jaundice because of a biliary stricture. This anastomotic stricture was initially believed to be ischemic, but further investigation revealed malignant biliary obstruction because of encasement of the bile duct by a mass arising from liver segment VII, later determined to be post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with widespread metastasis. After reduction of immunosuppression and systemic chemotherapy, he experienced complete remission. This case illustrates the need to consider post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder–related biliary stricture in any postorthotopic liver transplantation transplant patient presenting with obstructive jaundice.
CORRELATION BETWEEN LOCAL BONE DENSITY AND INSERTION TORQUE AS PREDICTORS OF IMMEDIATE IMPLANT LOADING. A BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW
Authors: Ortega-Martínez Jordi 
Published: July 2021

Title: Correlation between local bone density and insertion torque as predictor of immediate implant loading. A bibliographic review.
Background: Implants have become an alternative to rehabilitate lost teeth. One of the prerequisites for immediate loading is to determine primary stability by analyzing bone density and insertion torque.
Aims: A bibliographic review is conducted to correlate local bone density and insertion torque as predictors of the immediate loading of an implant.
Materials and methods: Review using PubMed databases of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized clinical studies, non-randomized clinical studies, in vitro studies, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, and clinical trials, either in English or in Spanish. The focus was on the correlation between local bone density and insertion torque.
Results: Local bone density is a useful guide for determining insertion torque and predicting initial implant stability.
Discussion: The insertion torque and bone density values determine whether immediate loading of the implant is possible or not, and therefore predict this possibility.
Conclusions: A correlation between local bone density and insertion torque was established, and this correlation predicts immediate loading of an implant. Therefore, to reach a consensus, further studies should consider all the factors influencing this concept.
Analytical Modeling of the Dynamic System of the Fourth Order
Authors: Kravets Victor , Kravets Volodymyr , Burov Olexiy 
Published: July 2021

A canonical mathematical model of a fourth-order dynamical system in the form of A.M. Letov. The analytical modeling methods are based on the algebraic concept and the principle of symmetry. The symmetry principle is realized on the set of four indices of the roots of the characteristic equation and the set of four indices of the phase coordinates of the dynamic system.
The problem of the quality of dynamic processes in time is reduced to the algebraic problem of distribution of four roots in the complex plane. An analogy is established in the procedure for transforming the characteristic determinant to a polynomial and elementary symmetric polynomials of four roots. On the basis of the theory of residues, a new form of analytical representation of data in time is obtained in the form of ordered determinants with respect to the indices of four roots and indices of four coordinates.
General provisions are illustrated by a stochastic dynamical system in the form of an asymmetric Markov chain with four states and continuous time, which is described by the fourth-order Kolmogorov equations.
Nueva variante en el gen COL4A3: etiología de un síndrome de Alport tipo 2 en varón de 38 años con sospecha de nefritis hereditaria
Authors: Sienes Bailo Paula , Bancalero Flores José Luis , Lahoz Alonso Raquel , Santamaría González María , Gutiérrez Dalmau Alex , Álvarez de Andrés Sara , Izquierdo Álvarez Silvia 
Published: July 2021

Resumen

Objetivos
Los pacientes con síndrome de Alport experimentan una pérdida progresiva de la función renal, pérdida auditiva neurosensorial y anomalías oculares. Está causado por mutaciones en los genes COL4A5 (herencia ligada al cromosoma X), COL4A3 y COL4A4 (herencia autosómica dominante o recesiva), que codifican respectivamente las cadenas α3, α4 y α5 del colágeno tipo IV. En ausencia de tratamiento, el cuadro clínico progresa desde hematuria microscópica hacia proteinuria, insuficiencia renal progresiva y enfermedad renal terminal. En la actualidad, el trasplante renal supone el único tratamiento eficaz. Las pruebas genéticas de secuenciación masiva son el método de elección para el diagnóstico de esta patología.

Presentación del caso
Se presenta el caso de un varón joven con enfermedad renal crónica que fue finalmente trasplantado, en el que el estudio genético permitió conocer la etiología de su contexto clínico, un síndrome de Alport tipo 2 de herencia autosómica recesiva. Se detectó que el paciente era portador de dos variantes de cambio de sentido en heterocigosis compuesta (configuración trans) en COL4A3: una probablemente patogénica c.4981C>T (p.Arg1661Cys) en el exón 52 heredada vía materna previamente descrita y otra de significado clínico incierto c.943G>A (p.Gly315Ser) en el exón 17 heredada vía paterna que no había sido reportada anteriormente en la literatura ni en las bases de datos consultadas.

Conclusiones
La confirmación desde el punto de vista genético permitió asesorar adecuadamente al paciente y familiares directos.
Association between latency period and perinatal outcomes after preterm premature rupture of membranes at 32–37 weeks of gestation: a perinatal registry-based cohort study
Authors: Bitenc Marie , Ovsenik Lea , Lučovnik Miha , Verdenik Ivan , Kornhauser Cerar Lilijana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate association between latency after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and perinatal outcomes at moderately and late preterm gestation.

Methods
National perinatal registry-based cohort study using data for the period 2013–2018. Singleton pregnancies with non-malformed fetuses in cephalic presentation complicated by PPROM at 32+0–36+6 weeks were included. Associations between latency period and perinatal mortality, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), early onset neonatal infection (EONI), and cesarean section were assessed using multiple logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders (labor induction, maternal body-mass-index, maternal age, antenatal corticosteroids, and small-for-gestational-age). p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Of 3,017 pregnancies included, 365 (12.1%) had PPROM at 32+0–33+6 weeks and 2,652 (87.9%) at 34+0–36+6 weeks. Among all cases, 2,540 (84%) had latency <24 h (group A), 305 (10%) 24–47 h (group B), and 172 (6%) ≥48 h (group C). Longer latency was associated with higher incidence of EONI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.350; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.900–2.026 for group B and aOR 2.500; 95% CI 1.599–3.911 for group C) and higher rate of caesarean section (aOR 2.465; 95% CI 1.763–3.447 for group B and aOR 1.854; 95% CI 1.172–2.932 for group C). Longer latency was not associated with rates of RDS (aOR 1.160; 95% CI 0.670–2.007 for group B and aOR 0.917; 95% CI 0.428–1.966 for group C).

Conclusions
In moderately to late PPROM, increased latency is associated with higher risk of EONI and cesarean section with no reduction in RDS.
Two Shapes of Pragmatism
Authors: Mudry Léna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The ethics of belief is concerned with the question of what we should believe. According to evidentialism, what one should believe is determined by evidence only. Pragmatism claims that practical considerations too can be relevant. But pragmatism comes in two shapes. According to a more traditional version, practical considerations can provide practical reasons for or against belief. According to a new brand of pragmatism, pragmatic encroachment, practical considerations can affect positive epistemic status, such as epistemic rationality or knowledge. In the literature, the distinction between the two versions of pragmatism is not always made. If it is mentioned, it is quickly put aside. Sometimes, it is simply overlooked. As evidentialists face two distinct pragmatist challenges, they must get clearer on the distinction. But it matters for pragmatists too. As I see it, if one accepts one version of pragmatism, one should reject the other. This paper’s goals are to get clearer on the distinction and argue that both pragmatisms are independent. Accepting one version does not commit one to accept the other. Moreover, even if both pragmatisms tend to be neutral toward one another, I will argue that traditional pragmatism has good reasons to reject pragmatic encroachment and vice versa.
Identification of thermo optical parameters in 4l-hexyloxy-4-cyanobyphenyl with dispersed ZnO nano particles
Authors: Pardhasaradhi Pokkunuri , Taraka Phani Madhav Boddapati , Srilekha Gandu , Ramakrishna Nanchara Rao Manepalli , Venkata Ganesh Gorla 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this present article, synthesis, characterization, and study of optical parameters through image enhancement methods have been carried out on 4l-hexyloxy-4-cyanobyphenyl (6OCB) pure liquid crystal (LC) and 6OCB with dispersion of 0.5 wt% ZnO nanoparticles. Textural determinations of the synthesized compounds are recorded by using SDTECHS POM connected with a hot stage and camera. differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is used to measure enthalpy and transition temperature values. The results show that the dispersion of ZnO in 6OCB exhibits nematic phase as same as the pure 6OCB with slightly reduced clearing temperature as expected. Further characterization is carried out by various spectroscopic techniques like X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. To evaluate and identify the behavior of optical parameters viz optical transmittance (OT), absorption coefficient (AC), and phase retardation (PR) as a function of temperature, an image processing method has been proposed, i.e. illumination enhancement algorithm (IEA) using MATLAB software. The proposed enhancement algorithm is one of the simplest and efficient algorithms to evaluate the thermo optical parameters for various electro optical applications. The results are compared with the body of the data available.
Levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 in hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Aktulay Ayla , Engin-Ustun Y , Kaymak O , Ozgu-Erdinc Ayse Seval , Demirtas Canan , Kara Mustafa , Danisman Nuri , Erkaya Salim 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveGlucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a gut-derived peptide has been reported to have insulin-like effects. Our aim is to examine GLP1 levels in hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG).Materials-methodsThe study population consisted of 2 groups: Group 1 (control subjects) consisted of 22 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies in the first trimester. Group 2 consisted of 22 singleton pregnancies complicated by HEG. Glucose and GLP1 levels were determined. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Glucagon like Peptide 1 (GLP1) was used (Uscn, Life Science Inc.).ResultsNo significant differences in maternal age, gestational age and gravida were observed between hypermetric and control groups. Maternal serum GLP1 levels were significantly higher in HEG compared with control group (P = 0.004).ConclusionThe results of our study revealed that the presence of increased GLP1 levels in women with HEG could contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Our results indicated that increased GLP1 levels may be associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. The limitation of our study was the restricted number of patients. Large prospective and randomized studies are required to evaluate the effect of GLP1 levels on hyperemesis gravidarum.
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on gambling habit: A cross-sectional study from Italy
Authors: Lugo Alessandra , Stival Chiara , Paroni Luca , Amerio Andrea , Carreras Giulia , Gorini Giuseppe , Mastrobattista Luisa , Minutillo Adele , Mortali Claudia , Odone Anna , Pacifici Roberta , Tinghino Biagio , Gallus Silvano 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background and aims
Few preliminary studies have shown an impact of COVID-19 confinement on gambling habits. We aim to evaluate short-term effects of lockdown restrictions on gambling behaviors in Italy.

Methods
Within the project Lost in Italy, a web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample of 6,003 Italians aged 18–74 years, enrolled during April 27–May 3 2020, and were asked to report gambling activity before the lockdown and at the time of interview.

Results
The prevalence of participants reporting any gambling decreased from 16.3% before lockdown to 9.7% during lockdown. Traditional gambling decreased from 9.9 to 2.4% and online gambling from 9.9 to 8.0%. Among gamblers, median time of gambling grew from 4.5 to 5.1 h/month. Among non-players before lockdown, 1.1% started playing. Among players before lockdown, 19.7% increased gambling activity. Multivariate analysis showed an increase in gambling activity in younger generations (p for trend = 0.001), current smokers (odds ratio, OR 1.48), users of electronic cigarettes (OR 1.63), heated tobacco products (OR 1.82), cannabis (OR 5.16), psychotropic drugs (OR 3.93), and subjects having hazardous alcohol drinking (OR 1.93). Self-reported low quality of life (OR 1.97), low sleep quantity (OR 2.00), depressive symptoms (OR 3.06) and anxiety symptoms (OR 2.93) were significantly related to an increase in total gambling activity during lockdown.

Discussion and conclusions
Although gambling substantially decreased during lockdown, time spent in gambling slightly increased. The strong relationship found between compromised mental health and addictive behaviors calls for urgent policies to prevent vulnerable populations from increasing and developing severe gambling addiction.
Визуализация научной статьи как предпосылка формирования методической компетенции будущих учителей иностранного языка
Authors: Биркун Людмила Викторовна , Пономарева Вера Анатольевна , Маримонская Любовь Андреевна , Ляшенко Лариса Васильевна 
Published: July 2021

Проблема формирования методической компетентности будущих учителей в разных ее аспектах и для разной целевой аудитории была предметом обсуждения во многочисленных методических исследованиях. Различные методики формирования методической компетентности сосредотачиваются на выделении ее основных компонентов или составляющих для дифференциации целей, задач, принципов, способов, этапов получения знаний и выработки навыков, умений, стратегий. Роль визуализации научной статьи как средства формирования методической компетентности до сих пор не была предметом исследования, результаты которого были бы описаны в доступных авторам публикациях. Целью данной работы было выяснение того, какую роль может играть визуализация научной статьи в формировании методической компетентности будущих учителей иностранного языка. Для этого был проведен анализ определений методической компетентности, с учетом нашего теоретико-практического опыта проведения лекций и семинаров на основе студенческих визуализаций научно-методического текста. Рабочей гипотезой данного исследования, в связи с многолетним практическим опытом, было утверждение, что для формирования методической компетентности можно использовать визуализацию научных статей. Основным ориентиром здесь было понимание того, что оптимальные результаты будут получены, если студенческие визуализации научной статьи будут включены в контекст теоретического образования и методического языкового развития будущих учителей. Материалом исследования стали определения методической компетентности и структурно-содержательные составляющие научно-методической статьи, а также графические средства визуализации.
Исследованный материал дает нам возможность приоритизировать терминологическую компетентность как тот компонент методической компетентности, который можно успешно формировать с помощью визуализации научно-методической статьи путем моделирования грамотной последовательности схематически-табличной наглядности, имитирующей процессы восприятия научного текста и порождения на его основе методических рассуждений.
Для того, чтобы процесс формирования методической компетентности становился интегрированным, с относительно одновременным развитием ее остальных компонентов, возникает необходимость его включения в групповое джигсо-лекционирование.
Production of target cathodes from composite silicides for applying protective coatings using casting and deformation technologies
Authors: Ivanov I. A. , Slutsky A. G. , Scheinert V. A. , Ivanov A. I. , Bely A. N. 
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the results of manufacturing multicomponent consumable cathodes of vacuum electric arc evaporation plants. To obtain ingots of complex silicide as a raw material for the manufacture of target cathodes, it is proposed to use induction melting of pure metal charge materials in an argon atmosphere.The method made it possible to obtain ingots of complex silicide with a composition close to the calculated one and a density of at least 93 %. Further forming of the cathode takes place when controlling the powder fractions by their percentage ratio with a pressing force of at least 50 tons. The results obtained are compared with the SHS method of manufacturing cathodes of identical composition.