bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Root Canal Filling Using a Bioceramic Sealer in Oval Canals: A Three-Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Penha da Silva Poliana J. , Marceliano-Alves Marília F. , Provenzano José C. , Dellazari Rafaela L. A. , Gonçalves Lucio Souza , Alves Flávio R. F. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives The oval canals may be associated with inadequate debridement, which can affect the quality of the root canal filling, thus the treatment outcome. The aim of the present work was to compare the quality of oval canals fillings using EndoSequence BC sealer with the single-cone technique or cold lateral compaction.
Materials and Methods Thirty-eight human single-rooted premolars with oval canals were instrumented to 1 mm from the apical foramen with hand nickel–titanium files, followed by circumferential filing with Hedstrom files. Teeth were paired into two groups based on their micro-computed tomography (CT) morphological parameters. Both groups were filled using EndoSequence BC sealer. The first used a single cone and the other with the cold lateral compaction technique. The voids volume was evaluated by micro-CT and the percentage was calculated for the total length and for the apical 5 mm of each canal. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to assess whether the surface area and obturation length differed significantly between the groups and to compare the percentage of voids for each technique.
Results Both techniques resulted in less than 16% voids, with no statistically significant difference between them for the total canal length and for the apical 5 mm (p > 0.05).
Conclusions The quality of the obturation performed with the single-cone technique was similar to that achieved with lateral compaction using EndoSequence BC sealer in oval canals.
Surgical Management of Extensor Digitorum Brevis Manus Anomaly with a Dorsal Ganglion Cyst
Authors: Geraghty Feargal J. , Anderson Lisa , Mir Haaris , Daniali Lily , Imbriglia Joseph E. , Pulikkottil Benson J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background The most common soft tissue tumor of the hand is the dorsal ganglion cyst and often is an indication for surgical excision. The differential diagnoses for dorsal hand masses include but are not limited to tenosynovitis, epidermoid cyst, abscess, lipoma, xanthoma, rheumatoid nodule, tophus, carpal boss, myositis ossificans, foreign body granuloma, neoplasm, and anomalous muscles.
Case Description Our case report reflects the latter, a 33-year-old female who presented with a 3-year history of a symptomatic dorsal ganglion cyst of her left wrist. She is a female in her 30s, with progressive, worsening pain on wrist extension. Intraoperatively, it was determined that an anomalous extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) was present and may have contributed to her pain and was excised.
Literature Review The literature is sparse with the surgical management of EDBM. This case study aims to explore algorithms for managing simultaneous EDBM with a dorsal wrist ganglion, which is clinically relevant for any hand surgeon, when faced with a similar intra-operative management situation.
Development and Evaluation of an Intravenous Infusion Sequence Annotation System
Authors: Qiu Ji , Deng Tingting , Wang Zhuo , Yang Zhangwei , Liu Ting , Liu Yunjie , Li Rui , Dai Fu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives The sequence of intravenous infusions may impact the efficacy, safety, and cost of intravenous medications. The study describes and assesses a computerized clinical decision support annotation system capable of analyzing the sequence of intravenous infusions.
Methods All intravenous medications on the hospital formulary were analyzed based on factors that impact intravenous infusion sequence. Eight pharmacy infusion knowledge databases were constructed based on Hospital Infusion Standards. These databases were incorporated into the computerized sequence annotation module within the electronic health record system. The annotation process was changed from pharmacists' manual annotation (phase 1) to computer-aided pharmacist manual annotation (phase 2) to automated computer annotation (phase 3).
Results Comparing phase 2 to phase 1, there were significant differences in sequence annotation with regards to the percentage of hospital wards annotated (100% vs. 4.65%, chi-square  = 180.95, p < 0.001), percentage of patients annotated (64.18% vs. 0.52%, chi-square = 90.46, p < 0.001), percentage of intravenous orders annotated (75.67% vs. 0.77%, chi-square = 118.78, p < 0.001), and the number of tubing flushes per ward per day (118.51 vs. 2,115.00, p < 0.001). Compared with phase 1, there were significant cost savings in tubing flushes in phase 2 and phase 3. Compared with phase 1, there was significant difference in the time nurses spent on tubing flushes in phase 2 and phase 3 (1,244.94 vs. 21,684.8 minutes, p < 0.001; 1,369.51 vs. 21,684.8 minutes, p < 0.001). Compared with phase 1, significantly less time was required for pharmacist annotation in phase 2 and phase 3 (90.6 vs. 4,753.57 minutes, p < 0.001; 0.05 vs. 4,753.57 minutes, p < 0.001).
Conclusion A computerized infusion annotation system is efficient in sequence annotation and significant savings in tubing flushes can be achieved as a result.
Fat Augmentation as Adjunct to CORE Facelift Surgery
Authors: Wever Capi C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRuling out cases with strong jawlines, well-developed mid-cheek regions, and good fat presence, if done artistically, fat augmentation strongly assists midface definition and can replenish hollowed regions of the face. This is particularly true for candidates with low bodyfat or smaller skull structures. Hence, fat grafting is a strong adjunct to conventional excisional techniques in facial rejuvenation surgery, regardless of experience, technique, or geographical embedding. While CORE facelift techniques remain the golden standard that define the top level of facelift surgery, fat augmentation has its unique place along the full stretch of an individual surgeon's learning scope, as it will potentially improve results regardless of where one stands.
Final Endodontic Irrigation with 2% Peracetic Acid: Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Brandão-Neto Daniel de Oliveira , Mello João Victor Zebende , Marceliano-Alves Marilia Fagury Videira , Carvalho Coutinho Thais Machado de , Marceliano Eduardo Fagury Videira , Galhardi Michelle Paiva Weydt , Tavares Vívian Souza , Muzy Dias Aline Peçanha , Lins Renata Ximenes 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of present study was to assess the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial efficacy of 2% peracetic acid (PAA) compared with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX).
Material and Methods For the cytotoxicity test, 100 µl of the tested solutions were added in 12 wells with ECV 304 endothelial cells in each group: NaOCl, CHX, and PAA, in addition to the control group. Each solution was evaluated after 24 hours of contact in four dilutions: 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.025 through mitochondrial function using MTT colorimetric assay. In the antimicrobial evaluation, 40 dentin blocks 5 mm in length and 0.2 g in weight were incubated with 400 µl of Enterococcus faecalis suspension for 21 days at 37°C. The contaminated samples were divided into three experimental groups within 5 minutes of contact: NaOCl group, CHX group, PAA group, as well as the positive control group. The specimens received treatment and were transferred to a tube with saline for serial dilution of the solution and seeding for isolation and colony forming unit (CFU) count.
Statistical Analysis The results obtained were expressed as mean (A570 nm) ± standard deviation (SD) and in a multiple linear regression model and multiple comparisons conducted.
Results The antimicrobial evaluation revealed that the NaOCl and CHX groups showed a statistically significant difference compared with the control group (p < 0.001), while the PAA reduced only the CFU growth. It can be concluded that, among the agents tested, PAA expressed greater cell viability, followed by CHX and NaOCl. However, it did not show greater antimicrobial activity in vitro in the mature biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis.
A constitutively monomeric UVR8 photoreceptor confers enhanced UV-B photomorphogenesis
Authors: Podolec Roman , Lau Kelvin , Wagnon Timothée B. , Hothorn Michael , Ulm Roman 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Coping with UV-B is crucial for plant survival in sunlight. The UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 regulates gene expression associated with photomorphogenesis, acclimation, and UV-B stress tolerance. UV-B photon reception by UVR8 homodimers results in monomerization, followed by interaction with the key signaling protein COP1. We have discovered a UV-B hypersensitive UVR8 photoreceptor that confers strongly enhanced UV-B tolerance and generated a UVR8 variant based on the underlying mutation that shows extremely enhanced constitutive signaling activity. Our findings provide key mechanistic insight into how plants respond and acclimate to UV-B radiation.
Dual-gate MoS2 phototransistor with atomic-layer-deposited HfO2 as top-gate dielectric for ultrahigh photoresponsivity
Authors: Li Xiao-Xi , Chen Xin-Yu , Chen Jin-Xin , Zeng Guang , Li Yu-Chun , Huang Wei , Ji Zhi-Gang , Zhang David Wei , Lu Hong-Liang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
An asymmetric dual-gate (DG) MoS2 field-effect transistor (FET) with ultrahigh electrical performance and optical responsivity using atomic-layer-deposited HfO2 as a top-gate (TG) dielectric was fabricated and investigated. The effective DG modulation of the MoS2 FET exhibited an outstanding electrical performance with a high on/off current ratio of 6 × 108. Furthermore, a large threshold voltage modulation could be obtained from −20.5 to −39.3 V as a function of the TG voltage in a DG MoS2 phototransistor. Meanwhile, the optical properties were systematically explored under a series of gate biases and illuminated optical power under 550 nm laser illumination. An ultrahigh photoresponsivity of 2.04 × 105 AW−1 has been demonstrated with the structure of a DG MoS2 phototransistor because the electric field formed by the DG can separate photogenerated electrons and holes efficiently. Thus, the DG design for 2D materials with ultrahigh photoresponsivity provides a promising opportunity for the application of optoelectronic devices.
Normalized glandular dose coefficients for digital breast tomosynthesis systems with a homogeneous breast model
Authors: Sarno Antonio , Tucciariello Raffaele Maria , Mettivier Giovanni , Del Sarto Damiano , Fantacci Maria Evelina , Russo Paolo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This work aims at calculating and releasing tabulated values of dose conversion coefficients, DgNDBT, for mean glandular dose (MGD) estimates in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). The DgNDBT coefficients are proposed as unique conversion coefficients for MGD estimates, in place of dose conversion coefficients in mammography (DgNDM or c, g, s triad as proposed in worldwide quality assurance protocols) used together with the T correction factor. DgNDBT is the MGD per unit incident air kerma measured at the breast surface for a 0° projection and the entire tube load used for the scan. The dataset of polyenergetic DgNDBT coefficients was derived via a Monte Carlo software based on the Geant4 toolkit. Dose coefficients were calculated for a grid of values of breast characteristics (breast thickness in the range 20–90 mm and glandular fraction by mass of 1%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and the simulated geometries, scan protocols, irradiation geometries and typical spectral qualities replicated those of six commercial DBT systems (GE SenoClaire, Hologic Selenia Dimensions, GE Senographe Pristina, Fujifilm Amulet Innovality, Siemens Mammomat Inspiration and IMS Giotto Class). For given breast characteristics, target/filter combination, tube voltage and half value layer (HVL), two spectra with two HVL values have been simulated in order to permit MGD estimates from experimental HVL values via mathematical interpolation from tabulated values. The adopted breast model assumes homogenous composition of glandular and adipose tissues; it includes a 1.45 mm thick skin envelope in place of the 4–5 mm envelope commonly adopted in dosimetry protocols. The simulation code was validated versus AAPM Task group 195 Monte Carlo reference data sets (absolute differences not higher than 1.1%) and by comparison to relative dosimetry measurements with radiochromic film in a PMMA test object (differences within the maximum experimental uncertainty of 11%). The calculated coefficients show maximum relative deviations of −17.6% and +6.1% from those provided by the DBT dose coefficients adopted in the EUREF protocol and of 1.5%, on average, from data in the AAPM TG223 report. A spreadsheet is provided for interpolating the tabulated DgNDBT coefficients for arbitrary values of HVL, compressed breast thickness and glandular fraction, in the corresponding investigated ranges, for each DBT unit modeled in this work.
Determining the parameter space for effective oxygen depletion for FLASH radiation therapy
Authors: Rothwell B C , Kirkby N F , Merchant M J , Chadwick A L , Lowe M , Mackay R I , Hendry J H , Kirkby K J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There has been a recent revival of interest in the FLASH effect, after experiments have shown normal tissue sparing capabilities of ultra-high-dose-rate radiation with no compromise on tumour growth restraint. A model has been developed to investigate the relative importance of a number of fundamental parameters considered to be involved in the oxygen depletion paradigm of induced radioresistance. An example eight-dimensional parameter space demonstrates the conditions under which radiation may induce sufficient depletion of oxygen for a diffusion-limited hypoxic cellular response. Initial results support experimental evidence that FLASH sparing is only achieved for dose rates on the order of tens of Gy s−1 or higher, for a sufficiently high dose, and only for tissue that is slightly hypoxic at the time of radiation. We show that the FLASH effect is the result of a number of biological, radiochemical and delivery parameters. Also, the threshold dose for a FLASH effect occurring would be more prominent when the parameterisation was optimised to produce the maximum effect. The model provides a framework for further FLASH-related investigation and experimental design. An understanding of the mechanistic interactions producing an optimised FLASH effect is essential for its translation into clinical practice.
Effect of Zn doping on electronic structure and optical properties zincblende GaN (A DFT + U insight)
Authors: Khan Muhammad Junaid Iqbal , Kanwal Zarfishan , Yousaf Masood , Ullah Hamid , Ahmad Javed , Latif Abid , Shin Yong-Han , Khalid Ata Ur Rahman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The development of new materials, having exceptional properties in comparison to existing materials is highly required for bringing advancement in electronic and optoelectronic technologies. Keeping this fact, we investigated structural, electronic, and optical properties of zincblende GaN doped with selected Zn concentrations (6.25%, 12.50%, and 18.70%), using the first-principle calculations based on density functional theory with GGA + U. We conducted the entire study using the WIEN2K code. In this study, we calculated various significant parametric quantities such as cohesive energies, formation energies, bulk moduli, and lattice constants along with the study of optical and electronic properties by substituting Ga atoms with Zn atoms in 1 × 2 × 2 supercell. The structural stability is confirmed by studying the phonon dispersion curves which suggest that Zn:GaN material is stable against the 6.25% and 18.70% Zn concentrations while for 12.50%, it shows instability. The Hubbard values U = 0, 2, 4, 6 eV were added to GGA and the electronic properties were improved with the U = 6 eV. Optical absorption was blue shifted while the refractive index and dielectric constant were increased with increasing the Zn concentrations. Electronic properties are enhanced due to the prime contribution of cations (Zn) 3d states. The optical and electronic properties are further discussed in detail in the entire study.
Exploring the influence of microRNA miR-34 on p53 dynamics: a numerical study*
Authors: Liu Nan , Yang Hongli , Yang Liangui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is at the hub of the cellular DNA damage response network. P53-dependent cell fate decision is inseparable from p53 dynamics. A type of non-coding microRNA miR-34 has the function of enhancing p53 content. An intriguing question arises: How does miR-34 affect p53 kinetics? To address this question, we reconstruct a p53 signal transduction network model containing miR-34. Some experimental phenomena of p53 pulses are reproduced to explain the rationality of the model. The method of numerical bifurcation is used to investigate the effect of miR-34 on p53 kinetics. We point out that appropriate or higher miR-34 transcription rates can prevent DNA-damaged cell proliferation by causing p53 oscillation or high steady-state kinetic behavior, respectively. However, the lack of miR-34 synthesis ability will induce p53 to remain at a low level, and cells cannot respond correctly to DNA damage. These results are well in line with the anti-cancer role of miR-34. Our work sheds light on how miR-34 carries out its tumor-suppressive function from tuning p53 dynamic aspect.
Problems of transition from traditional forms of educational process to the distance, digital format in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a regional aspect
Authors: Letyagina E A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article outlines the results of a study of transition of educational organizations training specialists at the higher education level from traditional contact methods of direct interaction with students (classroom lectures, practical (laboratory) classes, etc.) to distance, contactless forms of educational process in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study considers specific problems that higher education institutions faced during the spread of the COVID-19 virus and proposes ways to address emerging ones. In addition, the article reflects the results of the educational process of one of the higher education institutions in the Krasnoyarsk region (the Institute of Land Surveying, Cadaster and Nature Management of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University), on the basis of which the impact of the identified problems on the educational process is assessed. Positive aspects of "digitalization" of educational institutions, which allowed ensuring the continuity and accessibility of the educational process, are also indicated. The benefits of the distance mode of knowledge transfer and the prospects for the development of distance learning considering the threats of the COVID-19 virus have been identified and noted. Establishing problems of transition to a distance form of conducting the educational process allowed to determine the factors and conditions that should be taken into account to ensure that both teachers and students are as effective and efficient as possible.
Digital engineering school on the way to digital production
Authors: Kovshov E E , Lesin S M , Kuvshinnikov V S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Identifies approaches for improving and enhancing the quality of pre, basic, and additional school’ engineering education according to key paradigm "Industry 4.0" based on the development and wide application of information and communication technology with opportunities in research areas of Industrial Informatics. As an example of implementation, innovative research and educational project of the Digital engineering school is considered, including designed for the practical implementation of continuous engineering education "School-University-Enterprise". The main objectives of the project "Digital engineering school" are formulated and disclosed, the approach to teaching programming in high-level languages using microcontrollers and microprocessor technology is highlighted, practical recommendations are given for its implementation in the structure of school education for both students and teachers.
Organization of a system of digital education practices in the municipal sphere of general education
Authors: Kornienko D V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article is devoted to solving the problem of accumulation, systematization and translation of the practices of using digital educational technologies in municipal educational organizations. The solution to this problem was carried out through the implementation of the municipal project "Organization of a system of digital education practices in the urban district of the city of Yelets" in 2019. The project was aimed at involving at least 350 managing and teaching staff, 4000 students into the active practice of using digital educational technologies in educational organizations of the urban district of the city of Yelets by the end of 2019. As a way to achieve the goal, the implementation of a system of digital education practices in educational organizations of the urban district of the city of Yelets was determined. Continuity and concession are key features of this system. Consequently, the stakeholders are preschool educational organizations, general educational organizations, organizations of additional education, secondary vocational education and higher education. This system involved the use of such organizational forms as a resource center, a municipal network platform, a pivotal school, an author’s school, within which approbation, tuning and dissemination of the experience of using software products, the LECTA digital educational platform, the digital educational environment "Mobile e-education" and directions 3D modeling, digital video and robotics. The key results of the conducted research were not only quantitative but also qualitative indicators. The main problem that has blocked the adoption of digital education tools among the pedagogical community is the belief that they are ineffective compared to full-time education.
Examining the potential of VR and AR technologies for education
Authors: Magomadov V S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper delves into such technologies as Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality which have lately seen some significant advancements. These technologies are discussed in the context of education which may greatly benefit from them. Firstly, a brief history of these technologies is given and what these technologies are is explained. Then, the paper explains what kind of issues education faces today and how these technologies may help resolve some of these issues. In addition, the paper describes some of the technologies of this sort that are already being implemented to some extent. Finally, some of the main issues and challenges associated with these technologies are discussed.
Using the developed web-application for solving problems of increased complexity in mathematics
Authors: Volodina E V , Mikishanina E A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A student is faced with mathematical problems of increased complexity in the process of learning mathematics, in preparation for the unified state exam in Russia. The article presents some elements of the analysis of the results of the unified state examination in mathematics of the profile level, which is passed by school graduates of the Russian Federation, on the example of one of the subjects. The article also describes a web application that is a graphical editor that allows you to work with functions and their graphs. This application can make it easier to solve high-complexity tasks that involve working with functions and their schedules. The work of this application is illustrated by the example of solving mathematical problems with parameters.