bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exchange-mediated mutual correlations and dephasing in free-electrons and light interactions
Authors: Talebi Nahid , Březinová Iva 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The quantum world distinguishes itself from the classical world by being governed by probability amplitudes rather than probabilities. On a single-particle level, quantum phases can be manipulated leading to observable interference patterns that can be used as a probe e.g. in matter wave microscopy. But the quantum world bears even more fascinating effects when it comes to the interplay between more than one particle. Correlations between quantum particles such as entanglement can be exploited to speed up computational algorithms or enable secure cryptography. Here, we propose and numerically explore a thought experiment to address the question whether quantum correlations between particles can be used in matter wave microscopy. Specifically, we address the following questions: can information be transferred between two mutually spin-correlated free-electron wavepackets? Can Coulomb and exchange correlations be linked to the decoherence and dephasing mechanisms of matter waves? Using a time-dependent Hartree–Fock algorithm, we will show that the exchange term has a substantial role in transferring the information between two mutually spin-correlated electrons, whereas the Hartree potential (or mean-field Coulomb potential) dominates the dephasing on a single-particle level. Our findings might facilitate fermionic matter wave interferometry experiments designed to retrieve information about non-classical correlations and the mechanism of decoherence in open quantum systems.
Reduction of Vortex Formation in Mechanical Heart Valve During LV Filling
Authors: Badiger V , Nageswaran S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Mechanical valve implanted in mitral position has a tremendous effect on the flow dynamics in Left Ventricle (LV). The purpose of this study is to develop a new valve configuration to reduce the vortex ring formation caused by an artificial heart valve in an isovolumetric environment to generate a smoother flow field. Flow Inhibitors (FI) were built on the proximal end of the leaflet of various shapes and sizes to understand their effect on flow dynamics. The test geometries were designed based on the principles of Bernoulli’s law of fluid dynamics, pressure staging, and counter disturbance. In this research, equally spaced FI with centralized flow showed a lower and gradual pressure gradient as opposed to the control valve that was used earlier in the study done with a 27mm St. Jude mechanical valve. The pressure gradient dropped gradually from 1.4 Pa to 0.3 Pa as compared to a sudden drop in pressure in the control valve from 1.3 Pa to 0.2 Pa. The velocity value set was 0.8 m/s for simulation which dropped to 0.4 m/s in equally spaced FI centralized flow valve as compared to 0.3 m/s in the control valve. When compared on the basis of smoothness of flow field and gradual drop in the pressure, the former is weighted to be a better design. Flow inhibitor coupled with pressure staging method proved to be effective in enhancing the performance of bileaflet valve.
Implementation of different techniques for removing artifacts in diaphragmatic SEMG, and evaluation of these in automatic and online applications
Authors: Valle D A , Hernández A M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Respiratory muscles superficial electromyography (SEMG) is an important source of information in the monitoring of ventilated patients. One of the main problems in the acquisition of SEMG signals is the different sources of interference. The most common artifacts are the baseline wander (BW) normally generated by motion, and power line interference (PLI). In this paper, different methods were selected and evaluated for the removal of these artifacts in a simulated SEMG signal of the right diaphragm muscle. The best performance technique for the removal of each artifact was determined using frequency analysis and estimation of criteria such as the signal to noise ratio, relative error, cross-correlation, and coherence of the power spectrum density. The computational cost of each of the techniques was estimated to also assess how appropriate it is to implement in online applications and limited hardware. The study demonstrates that the spectral interpolation technique has a good performance in removing PLI from the SEMG signal but has a high computational cost, unlike the adaptive LMS filter. On the other hand, the SSA-based technique proved to be the best performing for BW removal and its computational cost is adequate in a more limited hardware system.
Removal of Artifacts from Electroenchaphalography Signal using Multiwavelet Transform
Authors: Paulchamy B. , Chidambaram S. , Basheer Jamshid M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The signal from the brain can be recorded using Electroenchaphalography (EEG). The proposed work summarizes a unique method which is used for the removal of mixed artifacts presented in the electroencephalography signal during the acquisition process. Artifacts comprises of various bio-potential unit such as electrooculogram, electrocardiogram, and electromyogram. These artifacts are referred as a noise sources which is responsible for the complexity of the EEG signal. The artifacts obtained from the EEG signal leads towards improper diagnosis of pathological conditions. The EEG signal which is obtained from the brain is the multi-dimensional signal with the various statistical properties. Time consumption of the EEG signal is not reproducible due to the biological properties of the signal. The information of the EEG signal consists of the data of the neuron levels which is collected for every millisecond with the temporal resolution scale. In account of special cases, EEG signal contains noise and artifacts where information is collected using the extraction of signals. To obtain the information of the artifacts the proposed technique is used to maintain higher accuracy in the extraction process. The proposed technique consists of multiwavelet transform to remove the artifacts from the input EEG signal. In the proposed multiwavelet transform, the signal which consists of noisy features can be decomposed using GHM and thresholding technique. This experimental analysis shows the removal of artifacts from the EEG signals. The pathological conditions are removed which leads to the increase in the accuracy of the system. Also, this research findings shows that the proposed multiwavelet transform based approach outperforms significantly with respect to conventional approaches. The reconstructed EEG signal has the lesser reliability range which is measured in-terms of signal to noise ratio and power spectral density.
Development of an Automated Nebulizer Spray Pyrolysis System and Its Application in the P-N junction Diode Fabrication
Authors: Jagadeesan V , Subramaniam Venkat 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An automated nebulizer spray pyrolysis (ANSP) system is developed for fabricating p-Zn:CuO/n-Si junction diode. The mechanical carriage for the X-Y movement and the proposed ANSP system is designed using the Solid Works design software tool. ATmega-328 microcontroller-based control system was developed to control and move the spray nozzle in the X and Y-axis direction. Zn:CuO (p-type) precursor solution is sprayed on the silicon wafer (n-type) using this ANSP system to form p-Zn:CuO/n-Si junction diode. The process parameters and operating conditions were optimized. The fabricated p-Zn:CuO/n-Si junction diode parameters such as ideality factor (η) and barrier height (φb) were studied under dark and light conditions using Keithley electrometer. The investigation results revealed that the junction diode has the lowest ideality factor and barrier height.
Reliability Evaluation of Underwater Sensor Network in Shallow Water Based on Propagation Model
Authors: Padmavathy N , Rao Ch Venkateswara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Underwater wireless sensor networks are composed of numerous vehicles/sensors that are deployed in précised acoustic vicinity to execute collaborative monitoring and data assembling tasks. These sensor nodes establish an acoustic communication link among them and the surface station. The unpredictable variations in the underwater parameters (depth; temperature; salinity; pH) introduce changes in signal speed randomly, which affect the link formation. Hence, designing a feasible channel model is essential to estimate the effect of underwater parameters and their losses (absorption loss, spreading loss) on the connectivity of underwater networks. In this work, an acoustic channel model has been considered which distinguishes the effect of frequency and the aforementioned parameters on link formation. A methodology for evaluating the reliability of the underwater sensor network deployed in shallow water scenarios based on the acoustic propagation model has been proposed. The network is deployed as 3D reference architecture, where the nodes are randomly deployed in a fixed scenario depth and the source node is deployed with an adjustable buoy length. The influence of underwater parameters, network parameters, and simulation time on the two-terminal reliability of underwater sensor networks has been analyzed. The simulation results indicated that the maximum reliability is achieved at lower frequencies when compared to higher frequencies.
Design of microstrip patch antenna at 2.4 GHz for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth applications
Authors: Arora Ayush , Rana Arpit , Yadav Abhimanyu , Yadava R.L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the Rectangular Patch Antennas are designed and their performance parameters such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio, gain, and radiation pattern have been calculated and compared. Design frequency is 2.4 GHz, the copper-coated substrate material is FR-4 Epoxy having dielectric constant ε = 4.4 and thickness is 1.5 mm. The feeding technique, used in MSA is Microstrip 50 Ω feed line. Using a parametric study found that the proposed antenna design will be useful for ISM band applications like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth.
Leaky wave antenna for millimeter wave utilization
Authors: Agarwal Ruchi , Agarwal Ayushi , Dwivedi Aman , Sharma Ashutosh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The simulation of planar periodic leaky-wave antenna for ultra-wideband application is introduced here. The antenna proposed here comprises 15 matched unit cells with high directivity which provides a backward to forward beam scanning range of 80° with frequency from 24.4GHz to 27.5GHz and has filtering capability making the design simpler. The calculated efficiency is 90% which is the gain to the directivity ratio of the designed antenna. The bandwidth range is between 24.4 GHz to 27.5GHz. The work is outlined and assembled on Roger’s substrate (particularly good for 5G applications) and has a gain of 13.92dB which represents an excellent choice for communication systems.
Lie Detection using Speech Processing Techniques
Authors: Fathima Bareeda E P , Shajee Mohan B S , Ahammed Muneer K V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to design and set up an efficient lie detector that can detect lies in spoken sentences in an object language. Usually lie detection make use of invasive methods that extract different physiological signals such as EEG etc., from the subject’s body and analyze them to decide on the presence of lie in the utterances. This work proposes an efficient lie detection technique based on the non-invasive method that involves only recording the subject’s speech utterances. Discriminative and meaningful features are extracted from the speech and classifiers are built based on SVM to discriminate between truth and lie. The classifier will be trained efficiently so that a better performance can be obtained compared with existing lie detectors. This paper aims to exploit the psycho-neural aspects and dependence of speech signals to predict and detect the presence of lies in isolated speech utterances.
Semi-supervised Learning Techniques for Speech Emotion Recognition
Authors: Remya K , Shajee Mohan B S , Ahammed Muneer K V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The core objective of this paper is to explore semi-supervised learning methods for recognizing emotions contained in speech. Semi-supervised learning techniques are used when the availability of labeled examples are sparse. There are different methods that are used in the semi-supervised settings. These techniques include generative model, graph based methods, metric based methods etc., The speech emotion data is considered for this experiment. Speech signal contains emotion specific data also. Emotion dependent features are extracted from the speech. This paper aim to enhance some existing techniques for semi-supervised learning that are used for speech emotion recognition.
Design and Comparison of the effect of SRR Metamaterial on the performance of Microstrip Patch Antenna of various shapes at millimetre-wave band Useful for 5G enabled Internet of Things Applications
Authors: Colaco John , Lohani R.B. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
5G is the creation of apprehending the total potential IoT. Since the request for 5G and Web of things, applications such as e-health, keen homes, e-learning, work from domestic, virtual conferences, and another gushing of online high-quality video substance is exponentially expanding day by day. The authors in this research have designed, compared and examined the execution of different Microstrip Antenna geometrical patches with and without metamaterial such as Circular Shape, Rhombus Shape, Square shape, Elliptical shape, and Triangular shape for 5G enabled IoT systems at 27 GHz, millimeter-Wave Band. In this research, authors have utilized Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with 50-ohm Microstrip Transmission line nourish. After Comparing and Examining the performance, authors have found square Patch Microstrip Antenna appears way better execution and exceedingly proficient than other shapes.
Read Textual features in Images and convert to Editable form by extended use of Artificial Neural Networks, Deep learning and Maximally Stable Extremal Region techniques
Authors: Joseph Gladwin S. , Vinoth Kumar C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Nowadays most of the information is stored in images and there is a need to convert this information into an editable format. The objective of this paper includes the development of a user-friendly tool to extract text from the video or to recognize well-written handwriting in a scanned document to an editable form. The proposed methodology is robust and can provide high-grade performance with layout distortion. The explication utilizes modalities like Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Deep Learning and Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSER) techniques for text detection. The video extraction can be attained by using video to frame conversion and then to use the Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM). The prototype is developed using MATLAB and provided with a GUI, which is deployable on a workstation. The generated GUI is employed to define Region of Interest (ROI), specify the required text layout, highlighting the specific portions of the image, select the appropriate language and also export the text to a word document or notepad applications where it can be edited.
Comparative Analysis of OFDM MIMO and IDMA OFDM MIMO using Aqua Sim Simulator for Underwater Communication
Authors: Shahapur Salma S , Khanai Dr Rajshri , Torse Dr D A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Underwater wireless acoustic communication is a central aiding skill used in underwater monitoring with the help of sensor nodes. Designing Underwater wireless networking is challenging as the water environment is dynamic as well as hard. In this paper we combine OFDM MIMO with IDMA to improve the network performance. The experimentation was simulated using Aqua Sim simulator an underwater imitation software that is based on NS2. The key objective of our paper is twofold. First is connection of communication functionalities such as BPSK modulation, Turbo code, Random Interleaver, UWMAC and three routing protocols. This implementation has modulation scheme, MAC and routing protocol from Aqua Sim simulator. Where the novel contribution to the work is implementation of Turbo code in NS2 for the appealing results. Secondly the OFDM MIMO and IDMA OFDM MIMO implementation is tested with 50 nodes and the various parameters such as BER, Throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio, energy consumption has been investigated. IDMA OFDM MIMO gives good results in terms of BER, packet delivery ratio, Throughput but consumes more energy.
Investigation of Graphene as a Sensing Layer for Future Prostate Cancer Biosensing Applications
Authors: Sarkar A , Sreenath M , Srinivas K , Teja N V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The work proposes simulation, characterization and synthesis of sensing layer for bio sensor application. So far no curable treatment is there for prostate cancer if it is not treated at earlier phase i.e. in right time. So biosensor is having major impact on detection at initial phase. Next generation sensor (NGS) includes graphene. This paper proposes biosensor and in the regard of graphene, and same will be analyzed for sensing layer. Chirality (associated with chiral indices and chiral angle) and electrical properties of grapheme along with some key properties are also simulated in ninithi software and comparison of mathematical model is also reported. So we have followed a substrate free easy way to produce graphene at atmospheric pressure. This process could be an easy and comparatively inexpensive method for preparing graphene. Finally the synthesized graphene is characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the crystal growth is visualized through X ray diffraction (XRD) which are thriving implementation for a biosensing platform.
A simple semi-circular arc shaped frequency and polarization reconfigurable antenna
Authors: Kumari Ranjana , Suri Pranav , Kaudinya Prabhakar , Katheria Piyush Singh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A simple semi-circular shaped antenna having frequency as well as polarization reconfigurability is presented in this work. The proposed antenna has a size of 70.4 × 67.5 × 1.52 mm3. This antenna consists of three switches (S1, S2 and S3) which have been used to attain frequency reconfigurability and polarization reconfigurability in both LP (linear polarization) and CP (circular polarization). When switch S1 is OFF and any of switch S2/S3 is ON then we are obtaining frequency at Single Band (2.4 GHz). When Switch S1 is ON and any of the Switch S2/S3 is OFF then we are obtaining frequency at dual Band (2.4 GHz and 5.52 GHz). When all the switches S1, S2 and S3 are ON at the same time then we are obtaining frequency at Single Band (5.52 GHz). The simulated fractional bandwidth of the lower band centred at 2.4 GHz is observed to be 17.4% and for the upper band centred at 5.52 GHz is observed to be 5%. Proposed antenna gain greater than 2dBi is obtained for all five cases along with less than 2 VSWR with excellent radiation efficiency. The proposed reconfigurable antenna is suitable for Bluetooth and WLAN application.
A Reconfigurable Wearable Antenna for Mid Band 5G Applications
Authors: Muduli Arjuna , Kanneboina Murali Krishna , Mudumunthala Krishna Vamsi , Valluri Sriram 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Soon, everything should be connected by 5G wireless, including wearable devices that are booming fast recently. Wearable antennas are becoming increasingly common in consumer electronics. To achieve 5G, wearable devices should support much wide band width and high rate of data with better consistency. In this paper a reconfigurable wearable antenna is implemented on a fabric substrate. The proposed antenna may fit for reconfiguration of the frequency to work on MID band (3 – 5.5GHz) of 5G. The proposed antenna can be a part of military uniform or any other garment and can be employed in Wi-Fi, WLAN, Satellite,5G mobile and cognitive radio communication. The shape of the antenna has been accomplished by placing each feature of reconfiguration mentioned above in the same antenna and performing the parametric analysis to obtain an optimal prototype that could allow the achievement of good results with fabric such as polyester as substrate.
UVM based verification of iAPX 186 processor modules
Authors: Rajthilak S. , Mohankumar N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
UVM is used to enable faster development and reuse of System Verilog based Verification Environment. The use of UVM is to develop reusable test bench. The UVM class library contains configuration database, TLM and component hierarchy. Each and every component in the verification environment has a specific functionality. The UVM has a list of base class which are pre-stored and System Verilog environment can be built by deriving the base classes. Two parameters have been used namely Coverage and Assertions. Coverage is used to measure whether all features of the design specification is tested. Assertions are used for checking the behavior of the design. In this work, we design the individual blocks like Interrupt Controller, Timer module, DMA Controller, Execution Unit and Bus Interface Unit of 80186 processor using Verilog and Verify its functionality behavior using the two parameters using UVM.
Gaussian vortex beam modeling for multiplexing in data communication using OAM
Authors: Abhyankar Girish G. , Gad R.S. , Panem Charanarur , Chodankar Deepak , Naik G.M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) are being explored for improving the overall aggregate capacity along with the spectrum efficacy of data communications systems. The OAM carrying vortex beams provide an additional degree in space division multiplexing consistent with other physical dimensions like amplitude, frequency/wavelength, polarization & phase, leading towards continual increase of the overall transmission capacity along with the spectral efficacy through N-dimensional multiplexing. OAM has unlimited modes which are intrinsically orthogonal thus rendering OAM carrying beams to be efficiently multiplexed and subsequently demultiplexed. In this paper we simulate and study the intensity profiles and phase structures of Gaussian vortex beams. The clockwise and anti-clockwise spiraling of the phase structures for mutually opposite values of the topological charge of OAM and also diverging pattern of the phase structure along the direction of propagation are simulated.
A review of free fatty acid determination methods for palm cooking oil
Authors: Nurulain S , Aziz NA , Najib MS , Salim MR , Manap H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Free fatty acids (FFA) is one of the main content of palm cooking oil. High percentage of FFA in palm oil can affect human health and the quality of palm oil. Based on quality standards specification set by Malaysia Palm Oil Board (MPOB), the allowable content of free fatty acid (FFA) for crude palm oil (CPO) must not exceed 5%, meanwhile less than 0.1% of FFA in Refined Bleached Deodorized Oil (RBDO). There are many researches have been carried out to determine the level of FFA. However, they are using different type of cooking oil. A few researches are also reported regarding the palm cooking oil but they are using different method such as titration, spectroscopic, gas chromatography, reflection method and other type of detectors. All methods to determine the amount of free fatty acids (FFA) in palm cooking oil are reviewed in this paper.