bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of urban water security based on DPSIR model
Authors: Shi Sha , Tao Xueting , Chen Xiaona , Chen Hao , Fitri Arniza , Yang Xiaojia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Assessment of urban water security is an important scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of urban water resources. This study established an evaluation model for urban water security based on DPSIR model, entropy method and comprehensive index method. The model was applied to Gong Qingcheng City (GQCC) in Jiangxi Province, China. An indicator system is developed based on four aspects including social development, water resources status, water pollution and water resources management, as well as summing up predecessors’ experience. This study analysed per capita domestic water consumption; ratio of ecological water compensation; percentage of water conservancy and public infrastructure investment; and water consumption per ten thousand yuan of industrial output value; where ratio of urban sewage treatment are the main effects on urban water security. The results of single index evaluation show that the change of stress subsystem was most dramatic from 2013 to 2017, while others were relatively stable. This indicates that positive interventions were urgently needed to relieve pressure of the stress subsystem. The results of comprehensive index evaluation show that water security at GQCC was in a critical state. In this paper, the causal relationship between social development and water security was clarified while the main factors and other factors affecting urban water security was identified. Finally, a reference for the formulation of urban development planning based on water resources demand was provided.
Future impacts of climate change on sediment influx rate in hydropower reservoir using SWAT
Authors: Abdul Razad A Z , Shamsuddini S H , Setu A , Mohd Sidek L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Climate change causes more frequent and intense rainfall events, leading to severe erosion in the catchment and sediment transferred into rivers and reservoirs. This study focus on long term sediment load in major rivers in Cameron Highlands and prediction of annual sediment inflow into Ringlet Reservoir from 2000 to 2030. Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used as the simulation tool, utilising future gridded rainfall 2017 to 2030 under CCSM and future land use 2030. Future annual rainfall is minimum at 1551 mm (in 2030) and maximum at 3150 mm (in 2029). The future projected annual sediment load into Ringlet Reservoir from 2017 to 2030 is averaged at 354,013 m3/year, ranging from 216,981 to 461,886 m3/year. Comparing between the historical period of 2000 to 2016 and future projection (2017–2030), annual sediment load shows an increase of 12 %. To combat the increase sediment yield, catchment management such as erosion control plan, drainage and runoff control must be developed to minimise sediment yield and subsequent effect of high sediment load transport via rivers and drainage network.
Effectiveness of a groundsill structure in reducing scouring problem at Cimadur River, Banten Province
Authors: Fitri Arniza , Yao Li , Pratiwi Dian , Phelia Arlina , Susarman  , Dewantoro Fajar , Safitri Destiana , Maulud Khairul Nizam Abdul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Groundsill is a transverse threshold structure that can be built on water body as one alternative in reducing the upstream water velocity and therefore could maintain the upstream sedimentation rates. Due to scouring problems faced in the Cimadur River, Banten Province, a groundsill structure has been constructed at one location in Cimadur River which is near to the Bantar Karang bridge structure. The scouring problem is worried to damage the abutment of the bridge structure. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the groundsill structure in reducing the scouring problem in Cimadur River, Banten Province. The effectiveness is determined by comparing the riverbed elevation around the Bantar Karang bridge structure, before and after 5 months construction of the groundsill structure. The results showed that the presence of the groundsill structure has increased the riverbed elevation especially around the abutment of the Bantar Karang bridge (approximately 25 cm in average after 5 months installation of the groundsill structure). It is therefore can slowly reduce the local scouring problem around Bantar Karang bridge. Besides, the results also showed that there is small reduction of riverbed elevation at the downstream area of the groundsill structure approximately about 10 cm in average. It can be concluded that the groundsill structure is quite effective in reducing the local scouring problem in Cimadur River, especially upstream area of their structure around Bantar Karang bridge.
Performance of fire hotspot detection system with sensor based on angle width and voltage difference monitoring for forest security
Authors: Suryaningsih N , Prasetyowati A , Busalim F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fires that occur naturally in the forest can cause uncontrolled fires due to the rapid spread of heat. This research is focused on the observation land in the Puncak Besar area of Pacet in Pengalengan District, Indonesia, where the area of land burned is approximately 100 hectares. The early warning system that was built in this study uses a range widening method. This method consists of 1 sector that functions to detect heat and initial gas that occurs in the remote area. The initial area of the hotspot is usually not detected by the forest operator. After testing the sensor performance on this device, the fire sensor can detect hotspots with an average range of 440 cm. The width of the detection angle using a shield can reach a range of - 45° to 45° and the wide angle of detection of a fire without a shield can reach a range of -90° to 90°. While the communication system on this device uses the GPRS/GSM module to send data to the Android application as a monitoring system. By using this early forest fire detection system, forest operators can monitor the starting point of a fire in remote areas around the forest and minimize the spread of fire points as one solution to overcome the wider spread of forest fires.
Polyurethane modified screen – printed electrode for the electrochemical detection of histamine in fish
Authors: Munir M A , Heng L Y , Badri K H 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHistamine needs to be determined because of its toxicity. Histamine is commonly determined using chromatography, where not only that the instrument is expensive, the process is very tedious and require an expert. A sensor was developed using palm-based polyurethane as an electro-sensor substrate. Palm-based polyurethane (PU) was produced via condensation polymerization between palm kernel oil-based monoester polyol (PKOp) and 4,4’- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). PU offers high porosity and capability to attach onto screen–printed electrode (SPE) sturdily without being disintegrated. PU–SPE adsorbed histamine onto its pores, before being oxidized. The oxidation process was detected using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Histamine was oxidized electrochemically at +0.31 V (vs. Ag/AgCl, 1 mol·L-1, pH 7.5). Differential pulse voltemmetric approach were used in order to get a satisfactory response, thus the histamine concentration was made in the range from 1 × 10-4to 1 mmol·L-1. A good sensitivity of 0.1 mmol·L-1was attained with 3.07 % during intraday and 9.55 % during interday. The detection and quantification limits of histamine acquired at 0.17 mmol·L-1and 0.53 mmol·L-1, respectively. A wide variety of interfering compounds were also examined in order to establish their effect, if any, on the determination of histamine at the PU modified electrode. The sensor showed an excellent anti – interference property towards the other amines. The developed chemical sensor using PU – SPE has a good potential to determine histamine level in mackerel(Rastrelliger Brachysoma)owing to its simplicity and reproducibility.
Hydrogen production via methane dry reforming process over CoAl and CoMgAl-Hydrotalcite derived catalysts
Authors: Abdelsadek Z , Chaudhari P , Holgado J P , Bali F , Halliche D , Cherifi O , Gonzalez-Cortes S , Masset P J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Co0.67Al0.31 and Co0.14Mg0.54Al0.31 hydrotalcite based catalysts were prepared by a co-precipitation method at a fixed pH=11, exhibiting a suitable hydrotalcite structure to be used as a catalyst in the reaction of the dry reforming of methane (DRM). Calcination at 450 °C provides the best conditions to prepare the most adapted structure and morphology to be later used in the DRM reaction. The samples were characterised by XRD, FTIR, SEM and it was shown that they exhibit a specific surface in the 30-70 g/cm2 and a crystallite size of approximately 20 nm. The results of the TPR analysis showed clearly that CoAl-HT has better catalytic performances than CoMgAl-HT. This result can be explained by the presence of the Co0 for the catalyst CoAl-HTc-R and the total absence in the sample CoMgAl-HTc-R. The solid CoMgAl-HTc-R requires high reduction temperature compared to CoAl-HTc-R due to the strong CoO-MgO interactions.
Effect of mulch on glyphosate mobility in soil column
Authors: Mardiana-Jansar K , Mazlan Nurul Wadhihah , Maznah Zainol , Ishak MS 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide that often used in controlling weed growth in oil palm plantation. Glyphosate has a high polarity and solubility in water and is quickly absorbed by soil particles. Oil palm waste such as oil palm trunks (OPTs) and empty fruit bunches (EFBs) and the use of glyphosate in agricultural land can contribute to environmental pollution. Apart from the commercial mulch that often used in nurseries, mulch from OPT and EFB can be used to absorb glyphosate to prevent weed growth. The glyphosate concentration of soil and water samples was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Two doses of glyphosate were used which are 5.5 mL/L (2255 mg a.i/L) and 11 mL/L (4510 mg a.i/L). Two water volumes are used which are 250 ml and 500 ml. Glyphosate residual concentration values was high in Serdang soil series at layer three while in Selangor soil series at layer one. The highest concentrations of glyphosate residues were 32.57 mg/L and 34.42 mg/L at Serdang and Selangor soil series respectively. Samples of soil in the mulch of EFB and OPT show low concentrations of glyphosate residue compared to commercial and non-mulching column. Results show that EFB and OPT indicate low residual concentration values at each layer in the soil column for both doses.
Development and mechanical properties of low fired bricks from drinking water sludge and fly ash
Authors: Rahman Z A , Suhaimi A S M , Idris W M R , Lihan T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Demand for water and energy supply has dramatically increased the amount of drinking water sludge (DW) and fly ash (FA) annually. These wastes should be properly managed and disposed to protect any potential contamination to surrounding ecosystem. Both by-products can be potentially recycled as raw material for brick development. This study aimed to examine the influence of fly ash content on mechanical properties of drinking water sludge brick at low firing temperature of 500°C. Different ratios of FA content were added to the DWS ranged between 0 and 45%. Brick sample was moulded in 215 mm x 102.5 mm x 65 mm dimension. Samples were air-dried prior to firing at 500°C for 3 hours in a furnace. Basic characterization of DW and FA showed pH of 5.76 and 10.1 with organic contents of 8.42% and 1.14%, respectively. Clay and silt fractions were dominant in DWS while silt more apparent than sand and clay in FA. The volume changes and water absorption of the brick samples decreased with increasing FA content. For the water absorption of the brick increased back as 40% of FA content. The density and compressive strength dropped with the increasing amount of FA. The compressive strength of brick experienced with sulphate attack also decreased with increasing FA content. The results suggested that further study are needed to improve the compressive strength of the studied bricks.
Anti-tumor efficacy of an MMAE-conjugated antibody targeting cell surface TACE/ADAM17-cleaved Amphiregulin in breast cancer
Authors: Lofgren Kristopher A , Sreekumar Sreeja , Jenkins Jr E Charles , Ernzen Kyle J , Kenny Paraic A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) ligand, Amphiregulin (AREG), is a key proliferative effector of estrogen receptor signaling in breast cancer and also plays a role in other malignancies. AREG is a single-pass transmembrane protein proteolytically processed by TACE/ADAM17 to release the soluble EGFR ligand, leaving a residual transmembrane stalk that is subsequently internalized.

Methods
Using phage display, we identified antibodies that selectively recognize the residual transmembrane stalk of cleaved AREG. Conjugation with fluorescence labels and monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) was used to study their intracellular trafficking and anti-cancer effects, respectively.

Results
We report the development of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), GMF-1A3-MMAE, targeting an AREG neo-epitope revealed following ADAM17-mediated cleavage. The antibody does not interact with uncleaved AREG, providing a novel means of targeting cells with high rates of AREG shedding. Using fluorescent dye conjugation, we demonstrated that the antibody is internalized by cancer cells in a manner dependent on the presence of cell surface cleaved AREG. Antibodies conjugated with MMAE were cytotoxic in vitro and induced rapid regression of established breast tumor xenografts in immunocompromised mice. We further demonstrate that these antibodies recognize the AREG neo-epitope in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue, suggesting their utility as a companion diagnostic for patient selection.

Conclusions
This ADC targeting AREG has potential utility in the treatment of breast and other tumors in which proteolytic AREG shedding is a frequent event.
Participation in Canadian Managed Alcohol Programs and Associated Probabilities of Emergency Room Presentation, Hospitalization and Death: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhao Jinhui , Stockwell Tim , Pauly Bernie , Wettlaufer Ashley , Chow Clifton 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Managed Alcohol Programs (MAPs) are designed to improve health and housing outcomes for unstably housed people with an alcohol use disorder (AUD). The present study assesses the association of MAP participation with healthcare and mortality outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study assessed health outcomes for 205 MAP participants and 128 controls recruited from five Canadian cities in 2006–2017. Survival and negative binomial regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of death and emergency room (ER) visits and hospital bed days (HBDs). Covariates included age, sex, AUD severity and housing stability score.

Results
In fully adjusted models, compared with times outside MAPs, participants had significantly reduced risk of mortality (HR = 0.37, P = 0.0001) and ER attendance (HR = 0.74, P = 0.0002), and fewer HBDs yearly (10.40 vs 20.08, P = 0.0184). Over the 12 years, people enrolled in a MAP at some point had significantly fewer HBDs per year than controls after MAP enrolment (12.78 vs 20.08, P = 0.0001) but not significantly different rates of death or ER presentation. MAP participants had significantly more alcohol-related but significantly fewer nonalcohol-related ER presentations than controls.

Conclusion
Attendance at a MAP was associated with reduced risk of mortality or morbidity and less hospital utilization for individuals with unstable housing and severe AUDs. MAPs are a promising approach to reduce mortality risk and time spent in hospital for people with an AUD and experiencing homelessness.
Fundamental insight into redox enzyme-based bioelectrocatalysis
Authors: Kano Kenji 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTRedox enzymes can work as efficient electrocatalysts. The coupling of redox enzymatic reactions with electrode reactions is called enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, which imparts high reaction specificity to electrode reactions with nonspecific characteristics. The key factors required for bioelectrocatalysis are hydride ion/electron transfer characteristics and low specificity for either substrate in redox enzymes. Several theoretical features of steady-state responses are introduced to understand bioelectrocatalysis and to extend the performance of bioelectrocatalytic systems. Applications of the coupling concept to bioelectrochemical devices are also summarized with emphasis on the achievements recorded in the research group of the author.
Optical analysis of glutamate spread in the neuropil
Authors: Matthews E A , Sun W , McMahon S M , Doengi M , Halka L , Anders S , Müller J A , Steinlein P , Vana N S , van Dyk G , Pitsch J , Becker A J , Pfeifer A , Kavalali E T , Lamprecht A , Henneberger C , Stein V , Schoch S , Dietrich D 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFast synaptic communication uses diffusible transmitters whose spread is limited by uptake mechanisms. However, on the submicron-scale, the distance between two synapses, the extent of glutamate spread has so far remained difficult to measure. Here, we show that quantal glutamate release from individual hippocampal synapses activates extracellular iGluSnFr molecules at a distance of &gt;1.5 μm. 2P-glutamate uncaging near spines further showed that alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-Rs and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-Rs respond to distant uncaging spots at approximately 800 and 2000 nm, respectively, when releasing the amount of glutamate contained in approximately five synaptic vesicles. The uncaging-induced remote activation of AMPA-Rs was facilitated by blocking glutamate transporters but only modestly decreased by elevating the recording temperature. When mimicking release from neighboring synapses by three simultaneous uncaging spots in the microenvironment of a spine, AMPA-R-mediated responses increased supra-additively. Interfering with extracellular glutamate diffusion through a glutamate scavenger system weakly reduced field synaptic responses but not the quantal amplitude. Together, our data suggest that the neuropil is more permissive to short-range spread of transmitter than suggested by theory, that multivesicular release could regularly coactivate nearest neighbor synapses and that on this scale glutamate buffering by transporters primarily limits the spread of transmitter and allows for cooperative glutamate signaling in extracellular microdomains.
Attention to speech: mapping distributed and selective attention systems
Authors: Agmon Galit , Yahav Paz Har-Shai , Ben-Shachar Michal , Golumbic Elana Zion 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
When faced with situations where many people talk at once, individuals can employ different listening strategies to deal with the cacophony of speech sounds and to achieve different goals. In this fMRI study, we investigated how the pattern of neural activity is affected by the type of attention applied to speech in a simulated “cocktail party.” Specifically, we compared brain activation patterns when listeners “attended selectively” to only one speaker and ignored all others, versus when they “distributed their attention” and followed several concurrent speakers. Conjunction analysis revealed a highly overlapping network of regions activated for both types of attention, including auditory association cortex (bilateral STG/STS) and frontoparietal regions related to speech processing and attention (bilateral IFG/insula, right MFG, left IPS). Activity within nodes of this network, though, was modulated by the type of attention required as well as the number of competing speakers. Auditory and speech-processing regions exhibited higher activity during distributed attention, whereas frontoparietal regions were activated more strongly during selective attention. These results suggest a common “attention to speech” network, which provides the computational infrastructure to deal effectively with multi-speaker input, but with sufficient flexibility to implement different prioritization strategies and to adapt to different listener goals.
Alert system-supported lay defibrillation and basic life-support for cardiac arrest at home
Authors: Stieglis Remy , Zijlstra Jolande A , Riedijk Frank , Smeekes Martin , van der Worp Wim E , Tijssen Jan G P , Zwinderman Aeilko H , Blom Marieke T , Koster Rudolph W 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Aims
Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are placed in public, but the majority of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) occur at home.

Methods and results
In residential areas, 785 AEDs were placed and 5735 volunteer responders were recruited. For suspected OHCA, dispatchers activated nearby volunteer responders with text messages, directing two-thirds to an AED first and one-third directly to the patient. We analysed survival (primary outcome) and neurologically favourable survival to discharge, time to first defibrillation shock, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before Emergency Medical Service (EMS) arrival of patients in residences found with ventricular fibrillation (VF), before and after introduction of this text-message alert system. Survival from OHCAs in residences increased from 26% to 39% {adjusted relative risk (RR) 1.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–2.0]}. RR for neurologically favourable survival was 1.4 (95% CI: 0.99–2.0). No CPR before ambulance arrival decreased from 22% to 9% (RR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.7). Text-message-responders with AED administered shocks to 16% of all patients in VF in residences, while defibrillation by EMS decreased from 73% to 39% in residences (P &lt; 0.001). Defibrillation by first responders in residences increased from 22 to 40% (P &lt; 0.001). Use of public AEDs in residences remained unchanged (6% and 5%) (P = 0.81). Time from emergency call to defibrillation decreased from median 11.7 to 9.3 min; mean difference –2.6 (95% CI: –3.5 to –1.6).

Conclusion
Introducing volunteer responders directed to AEDs, dispatched by text-message was associated with significantly reduced time to first defibrillation, increased bystander CPR and increased overall survival for OHCA patients in residences found with VF.