bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apoptosis induction by the stem cell factor LIN28A
Authors: Attali‐Padael Yael , Armon Leah , Urbach Achia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground informationLin28A and its paralog Lin28B are RNA binding proteins expressed in stem and progenitor cells, regulating the balance between their proliferation and differentiation. In‐vivo and in‐vitro experiments have shown that overexpression of these genes leads to abnormal cell proliferation, which results in many cases in cell transformation and tumor formation.ResultsHere we show, for the first time, that Lin28A overexpression can also lead to the opposite effect, i.e. apoptosis induction. We further demonstrate that this effect is specific to Lin28A but not to Lin28B and that it is mediated via the Let‐7 independent pathway in a complex mechanism that involves at least several proteins.Conclusions and SignificanceThis unexpected observation suggests that cell fate regulation by Lin28 is dependent on a specific cellular/genetic context. Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this Lin28A overexpression effect may pave the way for novel tumor therapeutic strategies, as Lin28 is commonly expressed in many types of tumors but not in most normal adult cells.
Depositional and geomorphic patterns of mixed calciclastic‐siliciclastic systems on a deep‐water Equatorial Margin
Authors: Loza Espejel Roberto , Alves Tiago M. , Caçador Martins‐Ferreira Marco Antonio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDistal slope and basin depositional systems in deep waters of the Pará‐Maranhão Basin, Equatorial Brazil, are investigated using a high‐resolution 3D seismic volume, borehole data and multispectral satellite imagery. A Neogene calciclastic submarine fan and a series of channel‐levee systems are analysed at water depths of 100–3,500 m. Channel‐levee systems have sinuous and straight morphologies and are of different sizes. Their origin is related to turbidity flows sourced and funnelled from the carbonate shelf to submarine canyons and gullies, as well as from areas with marked slope instability. A mixed calciclastic‐siliciclastic sediment input is recognised with autochthonous calcarenites and calcilutites comprising the bulk of sediment on the mid and outer continental shelf. Minor amounts of siliciclastic sediment sourced from small rivers occur on the inner shelf. Sedimentation processes of a distally steepened carbonate ramp are discussed considering a general depositional setting dominated by fluctuations in relative sea‐level. Cross‐sectional and planar parameters of mixed calciclastic‐siliciclastic channel‐levee systems are compared to their siliciclastic counterparts. Morphological results show similarities between calciclastic and siliciclastic channel‐levee systems. As a corollary, three types of channel‐levee systems are described: (a) channels related to calciclastic submarine fans, (b) low‐sinuosity, aggradational channels, and (c) high‐sinuosity channels.
Macroscopic visible core length can predict the histological sample quantity in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided tissue acquisition: Multicenter prospective study
Authors: Kaneko Junichi , Ishiwatari Hirotoshi , Sasaki Keiko , Yasuda Ichiro , Takahashi Kosuke , Imura Johji , Iwashita Takuji , Uemura Shinya , Hatano Yuichiro , Miyazaki Tatsuhiko , Satoh Tatsunori , Sato Junya , Ishikawa Kazuma 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesMeasurement of the macroscopic visible core (MVC) length during macroscopic on‐site quality evaluation (MOSE) may allow estimation of sample adequacy for next‐generation sequencing (NGS), and prediction of correct diagnosis in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided tissue acquisition (EUS‐TA) of pancreatic masses.MethodsThis multicenter prospective study included consecutive patients who underwent EUS‐TA for pancreatic masses using a 22‐G Franseen needle. MVC length and pathological samples obtained from two needle passes were analyzed on a per‐pass basis. Outcome measures included respective correlations of MVC length with histological sample quantity and diagnostic yields.ResultsThe analysis included 204 passes from 102 EUS‐TAs. MVC length correlated positively with histological sample quantity (P < 0.01). On the receiver operating characteristic curve for MVC length, the cut‐off value and area under the curve for obtaining a candidate sample for NGS were 30 mm and 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.83), respectively. On multivariate analysis, MVC length ≥30 mm was a significant factor affecting suitability for NGS (odds ratio 6.19; 95% CI 2.72–14.10). Histologic diagnostic yield correlated positively with MVC length (P = 0.01); however, there was no positive correlation between MVC length and overall (histology plus cytology) diagnostic yield.ConclusionsMeasuring MVC length to predict histological sample quantity on MOSE may be of clinical significance during EUS‐TA using a 22‐G Franseen needle. It may be an effective method, particularly while submitting samples for NGS. Registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network Trials Registry (UMIN000036528).
Brentano on the individuation of mental acts
Authors: Taieb Hamid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to present and evaluate Brentano's account of the individuation of mental acts. In his early works, Brentano assimilated mental acts to tropes; however, he encountered difficulties in explaining their individuation, since the usual solutions for the individuation of tropes were not readily applicable to his theory of mental acts. In a later period, Brentano introduced into his psychology what he called the “soul,” and this allowed him to explain the individuation of mental acts. Finally, after his “reistic” turn, he excluded mental acts from his ontology, for he rejectedabstractaof any kind, including abstract particulars, and admitted only things, orres(in Latin), that is, concrete particulars; in his late philosophy, there are no “thinkings,” but only “thinkers.” However, he still needed to explain what individuates different thinkers, and this was again the soul. In the conclusion, the paper critically compares the different theoretical options considered by Brentano.
Effects of high‐temperature exposure on properties of lightweight geopolymer foams incorporating diatomite powders
Authors: Yan Shu , Feng Xue , Yang Yaxin , Xing Pengfei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA kind of metakaolin‐based geopolymer foams incorporating diatomite powders (GKGP) with open cellular was presented by addition of diatomite powder via hydrogen peroxide method. Impacts of high‐temperature exposure on the microstructure, pore structure, and mechanical properties of the GKGP samples were investigated. The GKGP foams achieved a typical amorphous phase structure at room temperature. Open porosity of the samples reached approximately 74%. After high‐temperature exposure treatment, the KGP matrix is basically transformed into leucite crystal phase. The compression strength of the leucite foams was also enhanced with increasing temperature to 1200℃ (9.28 MPa). The lightweight foamed GKGP samples with high open porosity might have great potential for membranes and industries, etc.
Kinetic role of C/Zr ratio in the reaction process, combustion behavior, and synthetic product of 70 wt.% (xC–Zr)–30 wt.% Cu
Authors: Zhang Mengxian , Zhao Xianrui , Wang Hongtao , Yao Hailong , Ding Yi , Fang Yihang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe kinetic role of C/Zr ratio in the reaction processes, combustion behaviors, and synthesized products of 70 wt.% (xC–Zr)–30 wt.% Cu was investigated. Results indicated that ZrC particles were produced by the replacement reaction between carbon atoms and Zr–Cu melt. With an increase in C/Zr ratio, more carbon atoms combined with the zirconium atoms in Zr–Cu liquid. As a result, the formation rate of massive ZrC enhanced, which shortened the ignition time of combustion reaction. On the other hand, the quantity, the lattice parameter, and thexvalue of synthetic ZrCxincreased, while the byproduct CuyZrxcompounds decreased. These effects contributed to an increase in the burning temperature and ZrCxparticle size. Moreover, it is also revealed that the formation of ZrCxis a multistep process, which leads to an inhomogeneous distribution of the particle size. Results from this work offer a theoretical reference for the kinetic research of combustion synthesis and related techniques, and provide a valuable guide to the in situ synthesis of composite materials containing ZrC.
Characteristics and outcomes of 727 patients with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome from a Brazilian cohort
Authors: Miyashiro Denis , Sanches José A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundMycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most prevalent cutaneous lymphomas. They were not described in a large Brazilian cohort yet. We aimed, with this single‐center, retrospective cohort analysis, to describe the characteristics and outcomes of MF/SS in a tertiary public health service in Brazil.MethodsMF/SS patients evaluated at the University of São Paulo Medical School between 1989 and 2018 were included. Data were collected at diagnosis. Demographic, clinical, histopathological, immunopathological, molecular, laboratory, and follow‐up data were analyzed.ResultsAmong 727 patients, 92.6% (673) were diagnosed with MF, 7.4% (54) with SS. There were 51.2% (372) of males, 48.8% (355) of females. The median age was 51.8 years; it was higher in erythrodermic MF (60.2) and SS (60.9). Among MF, 41.8% (281) had classic MF, 4.9% (33) folliculotropic MF, 1.8% (12) granulomatous slack skin, and 0.3% (2) pagetoid reticulosis. Common subtypes included erythrodermic (14.1%, 95), hypopigmented (10.8%, 73), and poikilodermatous MF (10.8%, 73). Extracutaneous involvement was rare. Five, 10, 20, and 30‐year overall survival rates were 97.3%, 92.4%, 82.6%, and 82.6% for early‐stage, and 58.6%, 42.7%, 20.8%, and 15.4% for advanced‐stage disease, respectively. After multivariate analysis, SS diagnosis, folliculotropic MF, erythrodermic MF, clinical stage, age (≥60 years), increased lactate dehydrogenase, and large cell transformation conferred poorer prognosis.ConclusionsWe observed a higher percentage of hypopigmented MF compared to the literature, and demographic (older age) and prognostic (poorer prognosis) similarities between erythrodermic MF and SS, suggesting a possible relationship between these erythrodermic lymphomas. Factors associated with a poorer prognosis were compatible with the literature.
Normocalcaemic primary hyperparathyroidism: is nephrolithiasis more common than osteoporosis?
Authors: Wu Kevin Cho Jung , Anpalahan Mahesan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundNormocalcaemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHPT) is often under‐recognised in clinical practice.AimTo determine the prevalence and clinical significance of NPHPT in an unselected sample in an acute hospital setting.MethodsPatients aged >18 years who had measurement of an elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH ≥ 7 pmol/L) during 12 months from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017 were retrospectively studied. NPHPT was defined by the presence of elevated serum PTH with normal albumin‐corrected serum calcium on two or more occasions after excluding secondary causes. Patients were followed up for 2 years. Relevant data were collected by review of electronic medical records.ResultsOf the 2593 patients who had PTH measured during the study period, 1278 had serum PTH ≥ 7 pmol/L. Hypercalcaemic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) was diagnosed in 174 patients. Secondary causes for elevated serum PTH were identified in 993 patients: 815 (chronic kidney disease – estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or renal transplant), 98 (vitamin D deficiency – 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L), 28 (gastric bypass surgery), 38 (medications), 13 (malabsorption or post‐thyroidectomy) and 1 (hypercalciuria). Data were incomplete for 80 patients. The prevalence of NPHPT with and without the exclusion of hypercalciuria was 0.19% (5) and 0.39% (10) respectively. The prevalence of nephrolithiasis in NPHPT was higher than PHPT (100% vs 15% among five patients (P < 0.001) and 50% vs 15% among 10 patients (P = 0.014)). The prevalence of osteoporosis was not significantly different between NPHPT and PHPT (20% vs 45% among five patients (P = 0.389) and 30% vs 45% among 10 patients (P = 0.518)).ConclusionThese findings give further credence to the diagnosis of NPHPT as a clinical entity. Nephrolithiasis may be a greater problem than osteoporosis in NPHPT compared with PHPT. This needs prospective evaluation.
“Man Up”: Sex‐Differentiated Pathways of Juvenile Delinquency through Trauma, Borderline Traits & Offense Patterns
Authors: McGill Kathryn A. , Stefurak Tres 
Published: August 2021

AbstractJuvenile delinquency presents a significant fiscal and moral cost to society; given the ability for early intervention and changing offending trajectories, it is essential to understand potential risk factors and offending patterns in justice‐involved youth. The current study examined features of 193 male and 96 female profiles on the Personality Assessment Inventory – Adolescent (PAI‐A) in conjunction with offending patterns to determine sex differences in offending. Significant sex effects on status offending were found for borderline and trauma symptoms. Contrary to hypothesized findings, higher borderline and trauma symptoms predicted more status offending for males, but not for females. Post‐hoc analyses postulate these findings showing males with higher frequency of status offending to also have higher rates of internalizing problems, as determined by PAI‐A scores. Results of this study can be implicated in better treatment of males in particular who have higher status offending, and help to broaden our knowledge of sex differences in juvenile offending.
The venous system of E14.5 mouse embryos—reference data and examples for diagnosing malformations in embryos with gene deletions
Authors: Geyer Stefan H. , Maurer‐Gesek Barbara , Reissig Lukas F. , Rose Julia , Prin Fabrice , Wilson Robert , Galli Antonella , Tudor Catherine , White Jacqueline K. , Mohun Timothy J. , Weninger Wolfgang J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractApproximately one‐third of randomly produced knockout mouse lines produce homozygous offspring, which fail to survive the perinatal period. The majority of these die around or after embryonic day (E)14.5, presumably from cardiovascular insufficiency. For diagnosing structural abnormalities underlying death and diseases and for researching gene function, the phenotype of these individuals has to be analysed. This makes the creation of reference data, which define normal anatomy and normal variations the highest priority. While such data do exist for the heart and arteries, they are still missing for the venous system. Here we provide high‐quality descriptive and metric information on the normal anatomy of the venous system of E14.5 embryos. Using high‐resolution digital volume data and 3D models from 206 genetically normal embryos, bred on the C57BL/6N background, we present precise descriptive and metric information of the venous system as it presents itself in each of the six developmental stages of E14.5. The resulting data shed new light on the maturation and remodelling of the venous system at transition of embryo to foetal life and provide a reference that can be used for detecting venous abnormalities in mutants. To explore this capacity, we analysed the venous phenotype of embryos from 7 knockout lines (Atp11a, Morc2a, 1700067K01Rik, B9d2, Oaz1, Celf4 and Coro1c). Careful comparisons enabled the diagnosis of not only simple malformations, such as dual inferior vena cava, but also complex and subtle abnormalities, which would have escaped diagnosis in the absence of detailed, stage‐specific referenced data.
Test–Retest Reliability, Training, and Detraining Effects Associated With the Dynavision D2™ Mode A Visuomotor Reaction Time Test
Authors: Wells Adam J. , Johnson Bri-ana D.I. 
Published: August 2021

Context: The Dynavision D2™ Mode A test (ModeA) is a 1-minute reaction time (RT) test commonly used in sports science research and clinical rehabilitation. However, there is limited data regarding the effect of repeated testing (ie, training) or subsequent periods of no testing (ie, detraining) on test–retest reliability and RT performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the test–retest reliability, training, and detraining effects associated with the D2™ ModeA test. Design: Repeated measures/reliability. Methods: Twenty-four recreationally active men and women completed 15 training sessions consisting of 2 ModeA tests per session (30 tests). The participants were then randomized to either 1 or 2 weeks of detraining prior to completing 15 retraining sessions (30 tests). The training and retraining periods were separated into 10 blocks for analysis (3 tests per block). The number of hits (hits) and the average RT per hit (AvgRT) within each block were used to determine RT performance. Intraclass correlation coefficients, SEM, and minimum difference were used to determine reliability. Repeated-measures analysis of variance/analysis of covariance were used to determine training and detraining effects, respectively. Results: The ModeA variables demonstrated excellent test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient2,3 > .93). Significant improvements in hits and AvgRT were noted within training blocks 1 to 5 (P < .05). No further improvements in RT performance were noted between training blocks 6 through 10. There was no effect of detraining period on RT. The RT performance was not different between blocks during retraining. Conclusions: It appears that 15 tests are necessary to overcome the training effect and establish reliable baseline performance for the ModeA test. Detraining for 1 to 2 weeks did not impact RT performance. The authors recommend that investigators and clinicians utilize the average of 3 tests when assessing RT performance using the D2 ModeA test.
Who uses probiotics and why? A survey study conducted among general gastroenterology patients
Authors: Lynch Elissa , Troob Jordan , Lebwohl Benjamin , Freedberg Daniel E 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe rapid growth of the probiotic industry suggests patients will continue to seek advice from gastroenterologists about probiotics. To best address patient questions and concerns, we must first understand who uses probiotics and why.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted in the endoscopy suite of an academic hospital from June to October of 2019. Surveys were anonymous and contained a combination of multiple choice, free text and Likert scale questions. Participants privately completed a paper survey in English or Spanish and the results were reviewed with them by study personnel to clarify responses. Descriptive statistics were generated and multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to compare characteristics of probiotic users versus non-users.ResultsDuring the 5-month study period, 600 patients were approached and 537 (90%) agreed to participate. Among participants, 89% completed at least 24 survey items and were included in the analysis. Overall, 27% of patients reported probiotic use. Bloating, rather than diarrhoea, was the main gastrointestinal symptom associated with use of probiotics (aOR 2.59, 95% CI 1.52 to 4.44 for bloating; aOR 1.03, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.94 for diarrhoea). Frequent reasons cited for taking probiotics were the beliefs that they improved overall health and longevity (54%) and that they improved gastrointestinal symptoms (45%).ConclusionsProbiotic use is common among general gastroenterology patients, many of whom believe that probiotics confer general rather than specific gastrointestinal health benefits. Symptoms—especially bloating—and not sociodemographic factors seem to motivate probiotic use. By understanding patient expectations for probiotics, clinicians can better advise them.
High Quantum Yield Fluorescent Chitosan-Based Carbon Dots for the Turn-On-Off-On Detection of Cr(VI) and H2O2
Authors: Zhang Yudong , Dong Yan , Zheng Haifu , Yang Xueyun , Yao Cheng 
Published: August 2021

One-pot hydrothermal carbonization approach was employed to synthesize the blue-emission carbon dots derived from chitosan (Cs) and o-phenylenediamine (OPD). The Cs-based carbon dots (Cs–CDs) possessed a certain high quantum yield of 58% and exhibited excellent solubility, stability and fluorescence response in aqueous solutions. The Cs–CDs were designed as a sensor for Cr(VI) and H2O2 determination. The sensing strategy of Cr(VI) was based on the inner filter effect (IFE) and static quenching effect (SQE), showing a good linear correlation ranging from 1 to 130[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.91[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M. In addition, the determination for H2O2 was attributed to the elimination of IFE (EIFE) due to the reduction reaction and the detection for H2O2 was in the linear range from 1.0 to 200.0[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M with LOD of 0.51[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M. Finally, the proposed designed sensor could be simply applied for detection of Cr(VI) and H2O2 in real samples.
Stress Classification by Multimodal Physiological Signals Using Variational Mode Decomposition and Machine Learning
Authors: Salankar Nilima , Koundal Deepika , Mian Qaisar Saeed 
Published: August 2021

In this pandemic situation, importance and awareness about mental health are getting more attention. Stress recognition from multimodal sensor based physiological signals such as electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) signals is a very cost-effective way due to its noninvasive nature. A dataset, recorded during the mental arithmetic task, consisting of EEG + ECG signals of 36 participants is used. It contains two categories of performance, namely, “Good” (nonstressed) and “Bad” (stressed) (Gupta et al. 2018 and Eraldeír et al. 2018). This paper presents an effective approach for the recognition of stress marker at frontal, temporal, central, and occipital lobes. It processes the multimodality physiological signals. The variational mode decomposition (VMD) strategy is used for data preprocessing and for the decomposition of signals into various oscillatory mode functions. Poincare plots (PP) are derived from the first eight variational modes and features from these plots have been extracted such as mean, area, and central tendency measure of the elliptical region. The statistical significance of the extracted features with

p

<

0.5

has been performed using the Wilcoxson test. The multilayer perceptron (MPLN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms are used for the classification of stress and nonstress categories. MLPN has achieved the maximum accuracies of 100% for frontal and temporal lobes. The suggested method can be incorporated in noninvasive EEG signal processing based automated stress identification systems.