bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microwave Induced Green Chemistry Approach Towards the Synthesis of
Heterocyclic Compounds via C-N Bond Forming Reactions
Authors: Banik Bimal Krishna , Sahoo Biswa Mohan , Kumar BVV Ravi , Panda Krishna Chandra 
Published: September 2021

:
The synthesis of heterocyclic compounds via carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bond formation reaction
is considered an emerging and efficient protocol in the field of synthetic chemistry. The C–
N bond-forming reactions can proceed through condensation, coupling, ring-opening, cyclization,
or ring closure process, etc. The reactivity pattern of these reactions mainly depends upon the reaction
conditions, as well as the type of catalysts and reacting substances that are associated with the
synthesis of heterocyclic compounds containing the C-N system, including pyrazole, imidazole,
pyridine, pyrimidine, thiazole, tetrazole, isoxazole, benzothiazine, and benzimidazole, etc. Further,
the technique of microwave-induced synthesis becomes an alternative strategy for the sustainable
production of structurally diverse organic compounds. This method provides a cleaner reaction,
faster reaction rate, atom economy, and energy-efficiency. Therefore, the utilization of microwave
radiation in organic synthesis becomes resource-friendly and eco-friendly proces. It follows
the green chemistry approach by using safer solvents, renewable starting materials, and green
catalysts. The unique feature of this method is to generate various types of bioactive or medicinal
agents.
Management of Certain Respiratory Disorders through Ayurveda: A Systematic
Review of Clinical Studies Published in Ayurveda Journal
Authors: Sreedharan Anju , Suryawanshi Nilesh , Bhapkar Vedvati 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Respiratory diseases like Asthma, Tuberculosis, and COPD (Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Diseases) in the developing world are a major health burden in terms of morbidity
and mortality in both adults and children. A number of studies on treating respiratory disorders
using Ayurveda formulations and theirmanagement have been found in Ayurveda Journals
with promising results, but an evidence-based systematic review of them is not available.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review on the management of certain
respiratory disorders through Ayurveda.

Methods:
To conduct this study, Ayurveda research articles were obtained from PubMed and Google
Scholar. Total 51 clinical studies were yielded, which underwent further screening process to
achieve the quality of inclusion criteria.

Result:
24 articles were selected from six different publications for the review. In general, the
quality of few selected articles was low. Of the 24 articles identified, 3 studies (n = 24) exclusively
focused on Shodhana Karma (Vamana Virechana), 3 studies (n = 24) focused on the concept of
Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa, 4 studies (n = 24) focused on Ayurvedic formulations as adjuvants,
1 study (n = 24) focused on Shamana Chikitsa along with Pranayama, 13 studies (n = 24) focused
only on Shamana Chikitsa. All the above treatment modalities showed significant results on
major symptoms of respiratory disorders.

Conclusion:
This systematic review on different types of Ayurvedic management for treating respiratory
disorders proves to be beneficial to understand the importance of Virechana Karma in Tamaka
Swasa, the effectiveness of Shamana Chikitsa after Shodhana Karma in Pratishaya and Tamaka
Swasa. This review also sheds light on the importance of Pranayama along with Shamana
Chikitsa, efficacy of Ayurvedic formulations as adjuvant along with allopathic treatments and potency
of different Ayurvedic dosage forms for treating certain respiratory disorders.
Influence of Physical Therapy and Cholinergic Medication on the Life Quality Parameters in Post-Stroke with the arm Motor Dysfunction
Authors: Uwa-Agbonikhena Iriah Festus 
Published: September 2021

Motor dysfunction makes the greatest contribution to the patient’s functional independence and has a significant impact on the quality of life (QOL) of post-stroke patients.
The objective of the research was to evaluate the impact of different physical therapy approaches and choline alphoscerate on the functional independence and quality of life in patients in 1 year after ischemic stroke.
Materials and methods. There were 104 patients examined in 1-year period after first anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Neurological status, functional independence and QOL were assessed according to the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) and Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL). Patients in Group 1 received secondary stroke prevention therapy and performed the exercises complex for general muscle function improvement for 2 months; patients in Group 2 also performed the exercise complex for hand motility improvement for 2 months; patients in Group 3 received choline alphoscerate 400 mg twice a day for 2 months in addition to the abovementioned physical therapy.
Results. 2 months of physical therapy in Group 1 resulted in increase of “Transfer” and subtotal motor scores. A significant increase in the “Self-care”, “Transfer” and therefore subtotal motor and total scores was observed in the patients in Group 2 and Group 3; the motor subtotal and total scores in Group 3 were 11.4% and 11.6 % higher than the same indices in Group 1, respectively.
The most significant improvement of QOL parameters was observed in patients in Group 3, whose total score increased by 36.8% from the baseline (p<0.05), and exceeded the same index of Group 1 by 17.1% (p<0.05).
Conclusions. Adding of hand exercise into the physical therapy complex for post-stroke patients contributes to better upper extremity motor performance and therefore functional independence. Stimulation of cholinergic neurotransmission with the choline alphoscerate may also increase the efficacy of physical therapy and contribute to patients’ general mobility, upper extremity function and QOL.
The Structural-Functional Peculiarities of Heart in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Vakaliuk Ihor , Alzghawi Iyad 
Published: September 2021

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with very high morbidity and mortality. The American Heart Association estimates – approximately every 40 seconds an American has a myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural-functional peculiarities of heart remodeling in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Material and Methods. In this observational cohort trial there were observed 184 patients with ACS. Coronary angiography was performed at admission, and lesions that reduced the lumen area at 50% or more were considered angiographically significant. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in accordance with recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography.
Results. The mean age of all observed patients with ACS was 64.6±11.9 years; 93 (50.5%) were males. ACS with persistent ST segment elevation more often was presented as the anterior-lateral myocardial infarction with persistent ST segment elevation (STEMI) – in 70 (50.0%) cases. Among patients with STEMI the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was mostly affected as infarction-related artery (IRA): in 74 (52.9%) cases at initial urgent coronary angiography. Multivessel disease (MVD) was identified in 22 (15.7%) patients with STEMI. The most significant variations of EchoCG parameters were observed in STEMI patients with MVD on coronary angiography (Table 2): dilatation of left atrium and left ventricle (increased of End-diastolic volume (EDV), End-systolic volume (ESV), End-diastolic diameter (EDD) and End-systolic diameter (ESD)) and low ejection fraction (EF) of left ventricle. Low EF of left ventricle was observed in 6 patients with culprit of LAD, 3 patients with culprit of LCx and in 6 patients with MVD (φ=0.244; p<0.05).
Conclusion. Acute STEMI is caused by significant left ventricle remodeling (dilatation and ejection fraction decrease) in case of multivessel disease in coronary angiography.
The Role of Bicuspid Aortic Valve in Aortic Aneurysm Occurrence and Development
Authors: Kravchenko Vitaliy , Kravchenko Ivan , Pantas Olha , Zakharova Valentyna 
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the data on the diagnosis of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease in the patients operated for ascending aortic (AA) aneurysm. A brief historical review of the study of the BAV problem is presented; the data on the BAV incidence in the development of ascending aortic aneurysm and its dissection, the results of surgical treatment of BAV disease in patients with AA aneurysm are displayed.
The objective of the research was to study the role of the bicuspid aortic valve in the occurrence (dissection) of ascending aortic aneurysms.
Materials and methods
The retrospective analysis of the patients operated at the institute during the period of 1.01.2013 to 1.01.2019 for ascending aortic aneurysm or aneurysms of both ascending aorta and aortic arch confirmed that aneurysm occurrence (dissection) was caused by the presence of bicuspid valve. During this time, 1120 patients were operated on for ascending aortic aneurysm or aneurysms of both ascending aorta and aortic arch. 340 (30.4%) patients with diagnosed and confirmed BAV disease were included in the analysis.
BAV diagnosis was based on echocardiography with obligatory intraoperative confirmation and on the basis of histological examination.
Histological examination of the fragments of the aortic wall and aortic valve taken during operations was performed in 68 (20.0%) patients.
Results and discussion
BAV is the most common of all cardiac failures with a prevalence of up to 2% in the population constituting up to 30-50% of cases among the patients with aortal disorders. Two-dimensional echocardiography gives better results and provides an opportunity to detect BAV in 95% of cases, which was confirmed by our studies. According to our research, cases with BAV included 30.4% of all possible aneurysm causes, and BAV as a cause of dissection was noted in 46 (13.5%) of all dissecting aneurysms. Regarding the results of the surgical treatment, 2 patients out of 340 operated at the hospital stage died constituting 0.6%.
Conclusions

Among all ascending aortic aneurysms or aneurysms of both ascending aorta and aortic arch, BAV was determined as their cause in 30.4% of cases.
Dissection (rupture) of the aortic aneurysm occurred in 13.5% of patients with aneurysm and bicuspid valve and thus required an urgent surgery.

Patients with BAV require lifelong care.
Gender Peculiarities of Protein and Lipid Peroxidation of the Oral Liquid Under the Conditions of Preclinical Iodine and Iron Deficiency
Authors: Zayats Olga 
Published: September 2021

The prevalence of somatic pathology in children increases significantly with each passing year, which is associated with socio-economic, environmental conditions, the complex interaction of exogenous and endogenous factors. This problem may be related to micronutrient imbalances, among which iodine deficiency and sideropenia are quite common.
Objective. The aim of the study is to learn the peculiarities of peroxidation of proteins and lipids, the system of antioxidant defence of oral fluid in conditions of preclinical iodine and iron deficiency.
Materials and Methods. The study included 115 children aged 6-18 years. The level of peroxidation of proteins was characterized by the content of oxidative modification of protein products (aldehyde derivatives of the main nature) in the oral fluid. Peroxidation of lipids of oral fluid was assessed by the accumulation of diene conjugates (DCs) of polyunsaturated fatty acids and products responding to thiobarbituric acid (TBA-RP).
Results. It has been determined that in case of iodine and iron deficiencies, their combination causes significant activation of protein and lipid peroxidation processes in the oral fluid of children, accompanied by an imbalance of the prooxidant-antioxidant system of the oral cavity.
Conclusion. Such changes can be predictors of the development of dental pathology
Applying an Extended UTAUT2 Model to Explain User Acceptance of Lifestyle and Therapy Mobile Health Apps: Survey Study
Authors: Schomakers Eva-Maria , Lidynia Chantal , Vervier Luisa Sophie , Calero Valdez André , Ziefle Martina 
Published: September 2021

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) care apps are a promising technology to monitor and control health individually and cost-effectively with a technology that is widely used, affordable, and ubiquitous in many people’s lives. Download statistics show that lifestyle apps are widely used by young and healthy users to improve fitness, nutrition, and more. While this is an important aspect for the prevention of future chronic diseases, the burdened health care systems worldwide may directly profit from the use of therapy apps by those patients already in need of medical treatment and monitoring.

Objective
We aimed to compare the factors influencing the acceptance of lifestyle and therapy apps to better understand what drives and hinders the use of mHealth apps.

Methods
We applied the established unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) technology acceptance model to evaluate mHealth apps via an online questionnaire with 707 German participants. Moreover, trust and privacy concerns were added to the model and, in a between-subject study design, the influence of these predictors on behavioral intention to use apps was compared between lifestyle and therapy apps.

Results
The results show that the model only weakly predicted the intention to use mHealth apps (R2=0.019). Only hedonic motivation was a significant predictor of behavioral intentions regarding both app types, as determined by path coefficients of the model (lifestyle: 0.196, P=.004; therapy: 0.344, P<.001). Habit influenced the behavioral intention to use lifestyle apps (0.272, P<.001), while social influence (0.185, P<.001) and trust (0.273, P<.001) predicted the intention to use therapy apps. A further exploratory correlation analysis of the relationship between user factors on behavioral intention was calculated. Health app familiarity showed the strongest correlation to the intention to use (r=0.469, P<.001), stressing the importance of experience. Also, age (r=–0.15, P=.004), gender (r=–0.075, P=.048), education level (r=0.088, P=.02), app familiarity (r=0.142, P=.007), digital health literacy (r=0.215, P<.001), privacy disposition (r=–0.194, P>.001), and the propensity to trust apps (r=0.191, P>.001) correlated weakly with behavioral intention to use mHealth apps.

Conclusions
The results indicate that, rather than by utilitarian factors like usefulness, mHealth app acceptance is influenced by emotional factors like hedonic motivation and partly by habit, social influence, and trust. Overall, the findings give evidence that for the health care context, new and extended acceptance models need to be developed with an integration of user diversity, especially individuals’ prior experience with apps and mHealth.
Ensemble Learning-Based Pulse Signal Recognition: Classification Model Development Study
Authors: Yan Jianjun , Cai Xianglei , Chen Songye , Guo Rui , Yan Haixia , Wang Yiqin 
Published: September 2021

Background
In pulse signal analysis and identification, time domain and time frequency domain analysis methods can obtain interpretable structured data and build classification models using traditional machine learning methods. Unstructured data, such as pulse signals, contain rich information about the state of the cardiovascular system, and local features of unstructured data can be extracted and classified using deep learning.

Objective
The objective of this paper was to comprehensively use machine learning and deep learning classification methods to fully exploit the information about pulse signals.

Methods
Structured data were obtained by using time domain and time frequency domain analysis methods. A classification model was built using a support vector machine (SVM), a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) kernel was used to extract local features of the unstructured data, and the stacking method was used to fuse the above classification results for decision making.

Results
The highest average accuracy of 0.7914 was obtained using only a single classifier, while the average accuracy obtained using the ensemble learning approach was 0.8330.

Conclusions
Ensemble learning can effectively use information from structured and unstructured data to improve classification accuracy through decision-level fusion. This study provides a new idea and method for pulse signal classification, which is of practical value for pulse diagnosis objectification.
Prospective Prediction of Lapses in Opioid Use Disorder: Protocol for a Personal Sensing Study
Authors: Moshontz Hannah , Colmenares Alejandra J , Fronk Gaylen E , Sant'Ana Sarah J , Wyant Kendra , Wanta Susan E , Maus Adam , Gustafson Jr David H , Shah Dhavan , Curtin John J 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSuccessful long-term recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD) requires continuous lapse risk monitoring and appropriate use and adaptation of recovery-supportive behaviors as lapse risk changes. Available treatments often fail to support long-term recovery by failing to account for the dynamic nature of long-term recovery.ObjectiveThe aim of this protocol paper is to describe research that aims to develop a highly contextualized lapse risk prediction model that forecasts the ongoing probability of lapse.MethodsThe participants will include 480 US adults in their first year of recovery from OUD. Participants will report lapses and provide data relevant to lapse risk for a year with a digital therapeutic smartphone app through both self-report and passive personal sensing methods (eg, cellular communications and geolocation). The lapse risk prediction model will be developed using contemporary rigorous machine learning methods that optimize prediction in new data.ResultsThe National Institute of Drug Abuse funded this project (R01DA047315) on July 18, 2019 with a funding period from August 1, 2019 to June 30, 2024. The University of Wisconsin-Madison Health Sciences Institutional Review Board approved this project on July 9, 2019. Pilot enrollment began on April 16, 2021. Full enrollment began in September 2021.ConclusionsThe model that will be developed in this project could support long-term recovery from OUD—for example, by enabling just-in-time interventions within digital therapeutics.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/29563
Srategi Pemanfaatan Instagram Sebagai Media Periklanan
Authors: Salma Saffanah 
Published: September 2021

This research aims to find out the right strategy in using Instagram as an advertising medium for MSMEs in Amoira using descriptive qualitative methods. The data is taken by doing two ways, namely interviews and also observations. The data obtained is processed by several methods such as internal resources analysis, Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA) analysis, VRIO framework, and also TOWS analysis. Then the researchers conducted a content analysis to propose strategies for using Instagram. In this study, generate strategies that can be carried out based on the analysis conducted on Amoira.
Keywords: instagram utilization strategy, advertising media, impression
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui apa strategi yang tepat dalam pemanfaatan Instagram sebagai media periklanan pada UMKM Amoira menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, data diambil dengan melakukan 2 cara yaitu wawancara dan juga observasi. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan sejumlah metode seperti analisis internal resources, analisis Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA), framework VRIO dan juga analisis TOWS. Kemudian peneliti melakukan analisis konten untuk mengusulkan strategi pemanfaatan Instagram. Pada penelitian ini, menghasilkan strategi-strategi yang bisa dilakukan berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan pada Amoira.
Kata kunci: strategi pemanfaat instagram, media periklanan, impression
The Isolationist Pathology of Sovereignism (Three Historical Cases for Analysis)
Authors: LEPSKA Natalia , LEPSKYI Maksym , YATSYNA Yuliia , KUDINOV Igor 
Published: September 2021

The article examines the isolationist pathology of sovereignism in the loss of subjective capacity in the changing political reality. The article aims to study the isolationist policy of sovereignism, the consequences of which are considered a pathology of the countries’ social organism. The study was carried out in the analytical strategy of searching for the measure of sovereignism and its pathology, in the search for the general, special and singular in specific historical cases of isolationism of states.
The authors found out that sovereignism differs in quality, the degree of implementation in achieving the integrity of society and government, solving the problem of superiority, equality and inequality of states, their influence and efficiency. States, depending on the degree of sovereignism, are classified into 1) rogue countries, 2) colonial countries, 3) countries under external control, 4) regional leaders and 5) su­perpowers. States differ according to the measure of sovereignism: 1) with developed sovereignism, 2) de­veloping sovereignism, 3) with destroyed sovereignism and statehood; 4) with undeveloped sovereignism and statehood; 5) with chaotic sovereignism. Scientific intelligence has made it possible to actualize the issue of the predictive study of the isolationist policy consequences at all levels of political reality in order to make appropriate strategic decisions.
Which Message? Which Channel? Which Customer? - Exploring Response Rates in Multi-Channel Marketing Using Short-Form Advertising
Authors: Marzouk Omar , Salminen Joni , Zhang Pengyi , Jansen Bernard J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFormulating short-form advertising messages with little ad content that work and choosing high-performing channels to disseminate them are persistent challenges in multichannel marketing. Drawing on the persuasive systems design (PSD) model, we experimented with 33,848 actual customers of an international telecom company. In a real-life setting, we compared the effectiveness of three persuasion strategies (rational, emotional, and social) tested in three marketing channels (short message service (SMS), social media advertising, and mobile application), evaluating their effect on influencing customers to purchase international mobile phone credits. Results suggest that companies should send rational messages when using short-form advertising messages regardless of the channel to achieve higher response rates. Findings further show that certain customer characteristics are predictive of positive responses and differ by channel but not by message type. Findings from crowdsourced evaluations also indicate that people noticeably disagree on what persuasive strategy was applied to these short messages, indicating that consumers are not well-equipped to identify persuasive strategies or that what advertisers see as a “pure” strategy actually involves elements from multiple strategies as interpreted by consumers. The results have implications for the theoretical understanding of persuasive short-form commercial messaging in multichannel marketing and practical insights for advertising within a limited amount of space and attention afforded by many digital channels.