bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent spacing selection model under energy-saving constraints for the selection of communication nodes in the Internet of Things
Authors: Sun Jing-Shu , Zhu Teng , Wozniak Marcin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCurrent IoT communication node spacing selection process show may potential areas for improvements such as high delay ratio, high total energy consumption ratio, confusion of the optimal communication information band, intelligent spacing node design under the constraints of the energy-saving selection of IoT communication. Based on energy-saving constraints, the link status between nodes is evaluated through link stability and link quality. In order to prevent the generation of serious noisy nodes and frequency hopping data, the interference nodes under the intrusion of the Internet of Things are identified by determining transition amplitude of the noise nodes in the transmission data sequence. Finally, according to the calculation results of the optimal communication node selection, the design of the intelligent spacing selection model for the communication nodes of the Internet of Things is realized. The simulation results show that the established model not only reduces energy consumption of nodes, shortens the average transmission delay of nodes, but also improves anti-interference effect of node spacing selection.
Disambiguation in conversation: the case of disambiguating parentheticals
Authors: Predelli Stefano 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis essay presents an analysis of the conversational role of disambiguation, with special attention to disambiguating parentheticals such as 'bats, the furry animals, are not easy to find'. The essay proposes an enriched representation of conversational states as pairs of an interpretation function and standard common belief, it represents disambiguations within the ensuing framework, and, on the basis of these conceptual tools, it proposes a systematic picture of the updates achieved by disambiguating parentheticas.
Artificial fairness? Trust in algorithmic police decision-making
Authors: Hobson Zoë , Yesberg Julia A. , Bradford Ben , Jackson Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Test whether (1) people view a policing decision made by an algorithm as more or less trustworthy than when an officer makes the same decision; (2) people who are presented with a specific instance of algorithmic policing have greater or lesser support for the general use of algorithmic policing in general; and (3) people use trust as a heuristic through which to make sense of an unfamiliar technology like algorithmic policing.

Methods
An online experiment tested whether different decision-making methods, outcomes and scenario types affect judgements about the appropriateness and fairness of decision-making and the general acceptability of police use of this particular technology.

Results
People see a decision as less fair and less appropriate when an algorithm decides, compared to when an officer decides. Yet, perceptions of fairness and appropriateness were strong predictors of support for police use of algorithms, and being exposed to a successful use of an algorithm was linked, via trust in the decision made, to greater support for police use of algorithms.

Conclusions
Making decisions solely based on algorithms might damage trust, and the more police rely solely on algorithmic decision-making, the less trusting people may be in decisions. However, mere exposure to the successful use of algorithms seems to enhance the general acceptability of this technology.
Die Darstellung der katholischen und evangelischen Kirche in der Tagesschau
Authors: Thielmann Hannah , Schäfer Markus 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDer persönliche Bezug zur Institution Kirche hat in den vergangenen Jahren in der deutschen Bevölkerung und auch bei Journalisten kontinuierlich abgenommen. Gleichzeit bleiben die gesellschaftliche Bedeutung der katholischen und evangelischen Kirche sowie ihr gesetzlich geregeltes Verhältnis zum Rundfunk bestehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht mithilfe einer quantitativen Inhaltsanalyse von 514Tagesschau-Beiträgen zu drei Messzeitpunkten (1998/99, 2008/09 und 2018/19) die Berichterstattung über die beiden großen christlichen Kirchen. Im Zentrum stehen dabei die Fragen, in welchen Kontexten bzw. bei welchen Ereignissen über Kirche im Zeitverlauf berichtet und wie positiv oder negativ sie in diesem Zusammenhang dargestellt wird. Es zeigt sich, dass sich die Relevanz der beiden Kirchen in derTagesschauin den letzten 20 Jahren nicht verändert hat, dass allerdings die katholische Kirche gegenüber der evangelischen Kirche überrepräsentiert ist und signifikant negativer dargestellt wird. Über Ereignisse wird häufiger berichtet als über Stellungnahmen, und die Tendenz der Kirchen-Beiträge ist im Laufe der Jahre signifikant negativer geworden.
An elliptical blade is not a true ellipse, but a superellipse–Evidence from two Michelia species
Authors: Li Yuping , Niklas Karl J. , Gielis Johan , Niinemets Ülo , Schrader Julian , Wang Rong , Shi Peijian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe shape of leaf laminae exhibits considerable diversity and complexity that reflects adaptations to environmental factors such as ambient light and precipitation as well as phyletic legacy. Many leaves appear to be elliptical which may represent a ‘default’ developmental condition. However, whether their geometry truly conforms to the ellipse equation (EE), i.e., (x/a)2 + (y/b)2 = 1, remains conjectural. One alternative is described by the superellipse equation (SE), a generalized version of EE, i.e., |x/a|n +|y/b|n = 1. To test the efficacy of EE versus SE to describe leaf geometry, the leaf shapes of two Michelia species (i.e., M. cavaleriei var. platypetala, and M. maudiae), were investigated using 60 leaves from each species. Analysis shows that the majority of leaves (118 out of 120) had adjusted root-mean-square errors of < 0.05 for the nonlinear fitting of SE to leaf geometry, i.e., the mean absolute deviation from the polar point to leaf marginal points was smaller than 5% of the radius of a hypothesized circle with its area equaling leaf area. The estimates of n for the two species were ˂ 2, indicating that all sampled leaves conformed to SE and not to EE. This study confirms the existence of SE in leaves, linking this to its potential functional advantages, particularly the possible influence of leaf shape on hydraulic conductance.
Methodology for an automatic and early manufacturing technology selection on a component level
Authors: Buechler Tobias , Schumacher Felix , Reimann Patrick , Zaeh Michael F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProduction systems of the automotive industry process parts that were previously designed and manufactured according to different manufacturing technologies. In car body architectures, additive manufacturing (AM) has become a relevant technology for supplementing conventional manufacturing technologies, e.g., casting or forming technologies. This paper presents a methodology for an automatic and objective early-stage analysis of part features and the subsequent identification of the parts’ most suitable manufacturing technology. For this purpose, a comprehensive database is required, in which several technological and economic parameters need to be derived and predicted, including part requirements, production inherences, expected lifecycle costs, as well as geometric information. Based on this, data screening allows to effectively evaluate the technological and economic potential for a component to be manufactured either conventionally or additively in early product development phases. One core element is the part requirements derivation and analysis within one novel module of the part screening methodology. Subsequently, the product development process and the production system can be adapted according to the identified, most promising manufacturing technologies. Hence, this early-stage decision allows for cost reduction through an increased planning reliability. This work thus contributes to a successful co-evolution of smart product development and the production processes.
Modifying strategies for SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction during mesenchymal stem cell transplantation
Authors: Jiang Qin , Huang Keli , Lu Fang , Deng Shaoping , Yang Zhenglin , Hu Shengshou 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is regarded as a promising candidate for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. The major hurdles for successful clinical translation of MSC therapy are poor survival, retention, and engraftment in the infarcted heart. Stromal cell-derived factor-1/chemokine receptor 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) constitutes one of the most efficient chemokine/chemokine receptor pairs regarding cell homing. In this review, we mainly focused on previous studies on how to regulate the SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction through various priming strategies to maximize the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on ischaemic hearts or to facilitate the required effects. The strengthened measures for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation included the combination of chemokines and cytokines, hormones and drugs, biomaterials, gene engineering, and hypoxia. The priming strategies on recipients for stem cell transplantation included ischaemic conditioning and device techniques.
The burden of colorectal cancer survivors in the Netherlands: costs, utilities, and associated patient characteristics
Authors: Mulder Frederike E. C. M. , van Roekel Eline H. , Bours Martijn J. L. , Weijenberg Matty P. , Evers Silvia M. A. A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to assess the societal burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) survivorship 2–10 years post-diagnosis in terms of (1) societal costs, and (2) quality of life/utilities, and to analyze associated patient characteristics.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, bottom-up prevalence-based burden of disease study, conducted from a societal perspective in the Netherlands. In total, 155 CRC survivors were included. Utilities were measured by the EQ-5D-5L, using the Dutch tariffs. A cost questionnaire was developed to obtain cost information. Subgroup analyses were performed, based on patient characteristics and sensitivity analyses.ResultsOf all CRC survivors, 81(54%) reported no problems for mobility, 133(88%) for self-care, 98(65%) for daily activities, 59(39%) for pain/discomfort, and 112(74%) for anxiety/depression on the EQ-5D-5L. The average EQ-5D-5L utility score was 0.82 (SD = 0.2) on a scale from 0 (death) to 1 (perfect health). Significant differences in utility score were found for gender, tumor stage, number of comorbidities, and lifestyle score. The average societal costs per CRC survivor per 6 months were estimated at €971 (min = €0, max = €32,425). Significant differences in costs were found for the number of comorbidities.ConclusionsThis study shows a considerable burden of CRC survivors 2–10 years after diagnosis, in comparison with survivors sooner after diagnosis and with healthy individuals in the Netherlands.Implications for Cancer SurvivorsLong-term care of CRC survivors should focus on improving the societal burden by identifying modifiable factors, as summarized in the WCRF/AICR lifestyle score, including body composition, physical activity, and diet.
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 regulated by miR-27a-3p attenuates tumor proliferation in breast cancer
Authors: Lei J. , Guo S. , Li K. , Tian J. , Zong B. , Ai T. , Peng Y. , Zhang Y. , Liu S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive molecule which participates in many physical and pathological processes. Although LPA receptor 6 (LPAR6), the last identified LPA receptor, has been reported to have diverse effects in multiple cancers, including breast cancer, its effects and functioning mechanisms are not fully known.

Methods
Multiple public databases were used to investigate the mRNA expression of LPAR6, its prognostic value, and potential mechanisms in breast cancer. Western blotting was performed to validate the differential expression of LPAR6 in breast cancer tissues and their adjacent tissues. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were used to explore the effects of LPAR6 on breast cancer. Additionally, TargetScan and miRWalk were used to identify potential upstream regulating miRNAs and validated the relationship between miR-27a-3p and LPAR6 via real-time polymerase chain reaction and an in vitro rescue assay.

Results
LPAR6 was significantly downregulated in breast cancer at transcriptional and translational levels. Decreased LPAR6 expression in breast cancer is significantly correlated with poor overall survival, disease-free survival, and distal metastasis-free survival, particularly for hormone receptor-positive patients, regardless of lymph node metastatic status. In vitro gain and loss-of-function assays indicated that LPAR6 attenuated breast cancer cell proliferation. The analyses of TCGA and METABRIC datasets revealed that LPAR6 may regulate the cell cycle signal pathway. Furthermore, the expression of LPAR6 could be positively regulated by miR-27a-3p. The knockdown of miR-27a-3p increased cell proliferation, and ectopic expression of LPAR6 could partly rescue this phenotype.

Conclusion
LPAR6 acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and is positively regulated by miR-27a-3p.
Attacking the linear congruential generator on elliptic curves via lattice techniques
Authors: Gutierrez Jaime 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper we study the linear congruential generator on elliptic curves from the cryptographic point of view. We show that if sufficiently many of the most significant bits of the composer and of three consecutive values of the sequence are given, then one can recover the seed and the composer (even in the case where the elliptic curve is private). The results are based on lattice reduction techniques and improve some recent approaches of the same security problem. We also estimate limits of some heuristic approaches, which still remain much weaker than those known for nonlinear congruential generators. Several examples are tested using implementations of ours algorithms.
A partial skeleton of Septencoracias from the early Eocene London Clay reveals derived features of bee-eaters (Meropidae) in a putative stem group roller (Aves, Coracii)
Authors: Mayr Gerald 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA partial skeleton of the putative stem group roller Septencoracias is described from the early Eocene London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, UK). With an age of about 55 million years, the bones represent one of the earliest fossil records of a coraciiform bird. The new fossil reveals that the proximal pedal phalanges of the three anterior toes of Septencoracias exhibit markedly widened distal ends. This distinctive trait is not found in other representatives of the Coracii, but occurs in the Meropidae (bee-eaters). The quadrate likewise exhibit a derived characteristic of the Meropidae, and the beak is narrower than in rollers. These previously unnoticed features are of particular interest, because the Meropidae result as the sister taxon of the Coracii in sequence-based analyses. Calibrated molecular data suggest that the divergence between the Coracii and the Meropidae occurred at 55.6 Ma, with the new fossil being only slightly younger than this date. However, phylogenetic analyses recovered Septencoracias within the Coracii, so that the derived features shared with the Meropidae most likely are either plesiomorphic and were lost in the Coracii, or they represent parallelisms that evolved convergently in Septencoracias and the Meropidae. In any case, these traits suggest that Septencoracias differed from extant rollers in its ecological preferences and foraging mode.
Industrially relevant ethylene trimerization catalysts and processes
Authors: Salian Subhas Madavu , Bagui Mahuya , Jasra Raksh Vir 
Published: September 2021

Abstract1-Hexene is one of the comonomers used to produce mainly low linear density polyethylene (LLDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The production of 1-hexene by ethylene trimerization method gained much interest in petrochemical industry due to its high selectivity towards 1-hexene in comparison to traditional ethylene oligomerization method. In literature, many catalyst systems are reported for ethylene trimerization reaction, but only few of them qualify for the commercial applications. In the present review, activity and selectivity of commercially viable catalyst systems and amount of polyethylene formed as a by-product on using these catalyst systems were discussed. Special attention is given to Chevron Phillips ethylene trimerization technology which is one of the dominant technologies in the production of 1-hexene. The challenges such as fouling issues at commercial plant due to polyethylene by-product formation were discussed and the progress made to overcome the challenges were also discussed. New generation nontoxic titanium catalysts look promising and challenges involved in commercializing these catalysts were presented in the review.
Graphic abstract
Bile acids increase intestinal marker expression via the FXR/SNAI2/miR-1 axis in the stomach
Authors: Wang Na , Wu Siran , Zhao Jing , Chen Min , Zeng Jiaoxia , Lu Guofang , Wang Jiaojiao , Zhang Jian , Liu Junye , Shi Yongquan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeIntestinal metaplasia (IM) is a precancerous lesion that increases the risk of subsequent gastric cancer (GC) development. Previously, miR-1 has been shown to play an essential role in the initiation of bile acid (BA)-induced IM. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying miR-1 inhibition by BA in gastric cells.MethodsIngenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to identify molecules acting upstream of miR-1. The effects of deoxycholic acid (DCA), FXR and SNAI2 on the expression of intestinal markers were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The expression level of major molecules was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue microarrays. The transcriptional regulation of miR-1 was verified using luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays.ResultsWe found that BA treatment caused aberrant expression of FXR and intestinal markers in gastric cells. Augmented FXR led to transcriptional activation of SNAI2, which in turn suppressed the miR-1 promoter. Moreover, we found that compared with normal tissues, the expression levels of both FXR and SNAI2 were increased and positively correlated with each other in IM tissues. Additionally, their expression showed an inverse correlation with that of miR-1 in IM tissues.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that FXR may be responsible for a series of molecular changes in gastric cells after BA treatment, and that the FXR/SNAI2/miR-1 axis exhibits a crucial role in BA-induced progression of IM. Blocking the FXR-oriented axis may provide a promising approach for IM or even GC treatment.
“A Window of Opportunity”: Parenting and Addiction in the Context of Pregnancy
Authors: Flykt Marjo Susanna , Salo Saara , Pajulo Marjukka 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Maternal prenatal substance use presents a multilevel risk to child development and parenting. Although parenting interventions are increasingly integrated into substance use treatment, prenatal parenting processes have not received equal attention within these interventions. This article aims to synthesize the evidence on the specific prenatal risk factors affecting the development of early parenting of substance-using mothers, as well as interventions focusing on those factors.

Recent Findings
Both neurobiological and psychosocial risk factors affect the prenatal development of parenting in the context of maternal substance use. Maternal–fetal attachment, mentalization, self-regulation, and psychosocial risks are important in treatment and highly intertwined with abstinence. Although parenting interventions seem to be highly beneficial, most studies have not differentiated between pre- and postnatal interventions or described pregnancy-specific intervention elements.

Summary
Due to the salience of pregnancy in treating substance-using parents, interventions should begin prenatally and include pregnancy-specific parenting focus. Further research on prenatal interventions is warranted.
Does the association of therapeutic exercise and supplementation with sucrosomial magnesium improve posture and balance and prevent the risk of new falls?
Authors: Scaturro Dalila , Vitagliani Fabio , Terrana Pietro , Tomasello Sofia , Camarda Lawrence , Letizia Mauro Giulia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Fracture of the proximal femur is the most feared complication of osteoporosis. Given the numerous physiological functions that magnesium performs in our body, in the literature there is a correlation between osteoporosis and low serum levels of magnesium.

Aim
Evaluate the incidence of hypomagnesemia in patients with lateral fragility fracture of the proximal femur, the possible correlation between serum magnesium levels and fractures, and the effectiveness of supplementing Sucrosomial® magnesium associated with therapeutic exercise on the outcome of these patients.

Methods
We divided the study into two parts. In the first part, we assessed the preoperative incidence of hypomagnesemia in patients using a blood test. In the second part, patients with hypomagnesemia were divided, in the post-operative period, into two groups, who received, respectively, only therapeutic exercise or oral supplementation with sucrosomial magnesium associated with therapeutic exercise.

Results
Half of the patients with fragility femoral fracture had hypomagnesemia, with a higher incidence of the subclinical form. From the comparison between the two groups, the T1 treatment group showed a significant improvement in blood levels of magnesium (2.11 ± 0.15 vs. 1.94 ± 0.11; p < 0.05), on the NRS scale (5.7 ± 0.81 vs. 6.6 ± 1.18; p < 0.05), the Tinetti scale (17.3 ± 1.15 vs. 15.2 ± 2.98; p < 0.05) and the SarQoL questionnaire (47.3 ± 5.21 vs. 44.9 ± 5.54; p < 0.05).

Conclusions
More attention would be needed in the diagnosis and correction of subclinical hypomagnesemia and not just the simple and clinically evident one, including hypomagnesemia among the modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis.
L’approccio con analoghi della somatostatina nelle neoplasie neuroendocrine associate a sindromi neoplastiche multi-endocrine ereditarie
Authors: Sesti Franz , La Salvia Anna , Grinzato Chiara , Mazzilli Rossella , Faggiano Antongiulio 
Published: September 2021

SommarioLe neoplasie neuroendocrine (NEN) sono un gruppo eterogeneo di tumori, a insorgenza sporadica o ereditaria nel contesto di sindromi neoplastiche genetiche. Gli analoghi della somatostatina (SSA) sono considerati il trattamento di prima linea per le forme ben differenziate, non resecabili chirurgicamente o metastatiche. In letteratura esistono pochissimi studi dedicati al trattamento con SSA nelle NEN ereditarie e la maggior parte dei dati deriva da casistiche miste con prevalenza di forme sporadiche e da piccole serie o casi clinici. La maggior parte dei dati riguardano i tumori neuroendocrini pancreatici associati a sindrome neoplastica multiendocrina di tipo 1 (MEN1). Questi tumori sembrano essere particolarmente sensibili agli SSA, data l’elevatissima espressione dei recettori somatostatinergici e lo stadio tumorale localizzato nella maggior parte dei casi. Alcuni studi su casistiche dedicate sembrano suggerire un utilizzo precoce degli SSA nella MEN1 come agenti anti-tumorali e anti-secretori.