bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forming new habits in the face of chronic cancer-related fatigue: An interpretative phenomenological study
Authors: Bootsma Tom I. , Schellekens Melanie P. J. , van Woezik Rosalie A. M. , Slatman Jenny , van der Lee Marije L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The growing group of patients who suffer from chronic cancer-related fatigue (CCRF) after cancer have helpful and less helpful ways of responding to this long-lasting and disruptive problem. This qualitative study aimed to gain insight in essential elements of how patients respond to CCRF, with a focus on helpful responses to facilitate adaptation.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 25 participants who experienced severe CCRF for at least 3 months. Participants were recruited via media, patient associations, meetings, and health professionals until data saturation was attained. We used a topic guide with open-ended questions about lived experiences. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used for analysis of the transcripts.

Results
We identified five interrelated themes of how patients respond to CCRF: (1) discovering physical and emotional boundaries; (2) communicating support needs; (3) reorganizing and planning activities and rest; (4) letting go of one’s habitual identity; and (5) recognizing and accepting CCRF.

Conclusion
This study highlights the development of new habits and positive beliefs in the face of CCRF and the importance of (social) support in this process. This experiential knowledge on helpful responses can be used to inform patients and their significant others and improve self-efficacy. Health professionals could use these insights to improve recognition of CCRF and personalize treatment.
TOOLympics I: Competition on software testing
Authors: Beyer Dirk , Huisman Marieke 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResearch competitions and challenges are a driving force in transferring theoretical results into working software tools that demonstrate the state of the art in the respective field of research. Regular comparative evaluations provide guidance to practitioners that have to select new technology and tools for their development process. In order to support competitions and challenges with an appropriate publication venue, a new theme of issues in the International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer was created. This issue is the inaugural issue of the newly introduced theme on “Competitions and Challenges” (CoCha). Test-Comp, the International Competition on Software Testing, is an example of a tool competition, where the research teams submit tools for test-generation, and the competition evaluates the tools and assigns scores according to achieved coverage. Test-Comp 2019 was part of the TOOLympics event, which took place as part of the 25-year celebration of the conference TACAS. Thus, it is most natural to start the new STTT-CoCha theme with a special issue that describes the results and participating systems of Test-Comp 2019. There will be a second issue on TOOLympics with contributions from other competitions.
Reweighting of Binaural Localization Cues Induced by Lateralization Training
Authors: Klingel Maike , Kopčo Norbert , Laback Bernhard 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNormal-hearing listeners adapt to alterations in sound localization cues. This adaptation can result from the establishment of a new spatial map of the altered cues or from a stronger relative weighting of unaltered compared to altered cues. Such reweighting has been shown for monaural vs. binaural cues. However, studies attempting to reweight the two binaural cues, interaural differences in time (ITD) and level (ILD), yielded inconclusive results. This study investigated whether binaural-cue reweighting can be induced by lateralization training in a virtual audio-visual environment. Twenty normal-hearing participants, divided into two groups, completed the experiment consisting of 7 days of lateralization training, preceded and followed by a test measuring the binaural-cue weights. Participants’ task was to lateralize 500-ms bandpass-filtered (2–4 kHz) noise bursts containing various combinations of spatially consistent and inconsistent binaural cues. During training, additional visual cues reinforced the azimuth corresponding to ITDs in one group and ILDs in the other group and the azimuthal ranges of the binaural cues were manipulated group-specifically. Both groups showed a significant increase of the reinforced-cue weight from pre- to posttest, suggesting that participants reweighted the binaural cues in the expected direction. This reweighting occurred within the first training session. The results are relevant as binaural-cue reweighting likely occurs when normal-hearing listeners adapt to new acoustic environments. Reweighting might also be a factor underlying the low contribution of ITDs to sound localization of cochlear-implant listeners as they typically do not experience reliable ITD cues with clinical devices.
How to Deter Financial Misconduct if Crime Pays?
Authors: Klimczak Karol Marek , Sison Alejo José G. , Prats Maria , Torres Maximilian B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFinancial misconduct has come into the spotlight in recent years, causing market regulators to increase the reach and severity of interventions. We show that at times the economic benefits of illicit financial activity outweigh the costs of litigation. We illustrate our argument with data from the US Securities and Exchanges Commission and a case of investment misconduct. From the neoclassical economic paradigm, which follows utilitarian thinking, it is rational to engage in misconduct. Still, the majority of professionals refrain from misconduct, foregoing economic rewards. We suggest financial activity could be reimagined taking into account intrinsic and prosocial motivations. A virtue ethics framework could also be applied, linking financial behavior to the quest for moral excellence and shared flourishing. By going beyond utilitarian thinking and considering alternative models, we offer a fuller account of financial behavior and a better perspective from which to design deterrence methods.
New horizons in cosmology with spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Chluba J. , Abitbol M. H. , Aghanim N. , Ali-Haïmoud Y. , Alvarez M. , Basu K. , Bolliet B. , Burigana C. , de Bernardis P. , Delabrouille J. , Dimastrogiovanni E. , Finelli F. , Fixsen D. , Hart L. , Hernández-Monteagudo C. , Hill J. C. , Kogut A. , Kohri K. , Lesgourgues J. , Maffei B. , Mather J. , Mukherjee S. , Patil S. P. , Ravenni A. , Remazeilles M. , Rotti A. , Rubiño-Martin J. A. , Silk J. , Sunyaev R. A. , Switzer E. R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis Voyage 2050 paper highlights the unique science opportunities using spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). CMB spectral distortions probe many processes throughout the history of the Universe, delivering novel information that complements past, present and future efforts with CMB anisotropy and large-scale structure studies. Precision spectroscopy, possible with existing technology, would not only provide key tests for processes expected within the cosmological standard model but also open an enormous discovery space to new physics. This offers unique scientific opportunities for furthering our understanding of inflation, recombination, reionization and structure formation as well as dark matter and particle physics. A dedicated experimental approach could open this new window to the early Universe in the decades to come, allowing us to turn the long-standing upper distortion limits obtained with COBE/FIRAS some 25 years ago into clear detections of the expected standard distortion signals and also challenge our current understanding of the laws of nature.
Relations of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors to Social Skills in Toddlers with Autism
Authors: Chaxiong Pang , Burrows Catherine , Botteron Kelly N. , Dager Stephen R. , Estes Annette M. , Hazlett Heather C. , Schultz Robert T. , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Piven Joseph , Wolff Jason ,   IBIS Network, Piven J. , Hazlett H. C. , Chappell C. , Shen M. , Swanson M. , Dager S. , Estes A. , Shaw D. , John T. St. , Botteron K. , Constantino J. , Schultz R. , Pandey J. , Estes A. , Zwaigenbaum L. , Elison J. , Wolff J. , Styner M. , Gerig G. , McKinstry R. , Pruett J. , Evans A. C. , Collins D. L. , Fonov V. , MacIntyre L. , Das S. , Gu H. , Truong K. , Volk H. , Fallin D. , Shen M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe examined the relations of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB; insistence on sameness, repetitive sensory-motor, self-injurious behavior) to social skills overall and aspects that comprise social skills as measured by the VABS-II (coping skills, play/leisure time, interpersonal relationships) in 24- (n = 63) and 36-month old (n = 35), high-familial-risk toddlers with ASD. Hierarchical linear regression results indicated that repetitive sensory-motor was the best predictor of social skills overall. Secondary results indicated that all three RRB subtypes were associated with each subdomain of social skills; however, repetitive sensory-motor was the strongest and most consistent among these effects. While our results suggests a general negative relation of subtypes of RRB to aspects of adaptive social function, repetitive sensory-motor behaviors may be of particular relevance to the development of social skills during toddlerhood.
Mothers, Fathers, and Student Loans: Contributing Factors of Familial Conflict Among Parents Repaying Student Loan Debt for Children
Authors: Balmuth Alexa , Miller Julie , Brady Samantha , D’Ambrosio Lisa , Coughlin Joseph 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAs college costs rise in the United States, many parents are forced to make difficult decisions about how to pay for their children’s higher education. Stress and conflict accompany financial issues and play a role in the financial picture for many families. Using Hill’s (Hill, Social casework 39:139–150, 1958) ABC-X model of family stress as a framework, this study describes results of a national survey of parents contributing to student loan payments for their child’s education and explores how this experience may play a role in familial conflict. Findings suggest marked gender differences in the relationship between contribution reason and the experience of conflict. Results also carry implications for financial professionals, suggesting a need for family-focused and gender-conscious financial education both before and during the student loan repayment process.
The synthesis and nanostructure investigation of noble metal-based nanocomposite materials
Authors: Zienkiewicz-Strzałka Małgorzata , Deryło-Marczewska Anna , Pikus Stanisław 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe presented work follows the theme of applied chemistry toward nanomaterials and multiphase functional systems of practical importance. Structural studies of nanocomposite materials are important due to the correlation between physicochemical/structural properties and their application potential. In this work, we report the fabrication and structural characterization of nanocomposite materials constituting noble metal (plasmonic) nanoparticles (AgNP and AuNP) dispersed on selected types of nanostructured solid hosts (nonporous silica, microporous activated carbon, chitosan biopolymer, and ordered mesoporous silica). The ability to maintain a dispersed state of colloidal precursors throughout their deposition on solid hosts was assessed. The influence of the carrier role in the formation and stabilization of nanometallic phases was evaluated taking into account the physicochemical and textural properties of the support surfaces. The size and shape of nanoobjects, clustering effects, interfacial properties, and stability of the immobilized nanophase were implemented by analyzing relevant parameters of SAXS analysis. The dimensional characteristic of the scatterers was evaluated by volume-weighted particle size distribution Dv(R). The detailed overall shape and maximal particle dimension were described by the analysis of pair distance distribution functions (PDDFs). The radius of gyration (Rg) from PDDF and Guinier approximation was calculated for illustrating the dimension of scattered heterogeneities in the investigated solids. The asymptotic behavior of a scattering curve and Porod theory were applied for determining the diffusion and quality of the interfacial surfaces. The size and morphology of nanoparticles in colloidal precursor solutions have been defined as spherical and bimodal in size (~ 6 nm and 20 nm). It was observed that the spherical shape and dispersed state of nanoparticles were achieved for all systems after deposition. However, the morphology of their final form was conditioned by the solid matrices. The particle properties from SAXS were correlated with properties determined by TEM and low-temperature nitrogen sorption analysis. Obtained results suggest good compatibility and correctness of SAXS data reading of nanocomposite systems and can be successfully applied for quick, nondestructive, and effective evaluation of structural properties of complex systems.
Graphical abstract
Bayesian optimization of quantum cascade detectors
Authors: Popp Johannes , Haider Michael , Franckié Martin , Faist Jérôme , Jirauschek Christian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA Bayesian optimization algorithm in combination with a scattering based simulation approach is used for the optimization of quantum cascade detectors (QCDs). QCDs operate in the mid-infrared and terahertz regime and are, together with quantum cascade lasers, appropriate for the integration into on-chip applications such as gas sensors. Our modeling approach is based on a rate equation model and a Kirchhoff resistance network for noise modeling, using scattering rates calculated with Fermi’s golden rule, or alternatively extracted from an ensemble Monte Carlo transport approach. The appropriate surrogate model of Bayesian optimization is based on Gaussian process regression, which can handle noisy offsets on the objective function evaluations inherent in ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. Here, we focus on the optimization of a matured mid-infrared QCD design detecting at 4.7 $$\upmu {\mathrm{m}}$$

μ
m

. For optimization we choose as figure of merit the specific detectivity, which is a measure for the signal-to-noise ratio. As the trade-off between high extraction efficiency and low detector conductance is important for good detection performance, we search for the perfect layer composition and vary the thicknesses of different cascade layers. Due to the high-temperature requirements interesting for cost-effective and mobile on-chip sensing applications, a simulation temperature of 300 K is selected. Our optimization strategy yields an improvement of specific detectivity by a factor of $${\sim 2-3}$$

∼
2
-
3

at room temperature using two different parameter sets. Furthermore, we investigate the sensitivity of our approach to fabrication tolerances, showing robustness of the optimized designs against growth fluctuations under fabrication conditions.
Effects of the Velocity Sequences on the Friction and Wear Performance of PEEK-Based Materials
Authors: Lin Leyu , Zhao Yuxiao , Hua Chi , Schlarb Alois K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the present study, effects of the sliding velocity sequences on the friction and wear properties of pure polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and a PEEK hybrid composite were studied. It is demonstrated that the tribological properties of pure PEEK and its composite show a complex nature of the dependence on the velocity sequences in the studied range. The friction coefficient of PEEK is independent on previous velocity histories. In contrast, the testing sequence of the velocity exerts obvious impact on the friction coefficient of the PEEK composite at slow sliding velocities. With respect to the wear performance, the specific wear rate of pure PEEK exhibits a strong dependence on the sequences of the velocity only at the initial pv-levels. For the PEEK composite, its specific wear rate exhibits an obvious dependence on the previous velocity levels at a low nominal pressure of 1 MPa. When the pressure is increased to 8 MPa, the impact of the velocity sequences on the wear performance becomes insignificant. In addition, the tribological properties clearly correlate with the temperature of the tribosystem.
Graphical Abstract
The Effect of Covert and Overt Infections on Disease Dynamics in Honey-Bee Colonies
Authors: Britton Nicholas F. , Jane White K. A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractViral diseases of honey bees are important economically and ecologically and have been widely modelled. The models reflect the fact that, in contrast to the typical case for vertebrates, invertebrates cannot acquire immunity to a viral disease, so they are of SIS or (more often) SI type. Very often, these diseases may be transmitted vertically as well as horizontally, by vectors as well as directly, and through the environment, although models do not generally reflect all these transmission mechanisms. Here, we shall consider an important additional complication the consequences of which have yet to be fully explored in a model, namely that both infected honey bees and their vectors may best be described using more than one infection class. For honey bees, we consider three infection classes. Covert infections occur when bees have the virus under control, such that they do not display symptoms of the disease, and are minimally or not at all affected by it. Acutely overtly infected bees often exhibit severe symptoms and have a greatly curtailed lifespan. Chronically overtly infected bees typically have milder symptoms and a moderately shortened lifespan. For the vector, we consider just two infection classes which are covert infected and overt infected as has been observed in deformed-wing virus (DWV) vectored by varroa mites. Using this structure, we explore the impact of spontaneous transition of both mites and bees from a covertly to an overtly infected state, which is also a novel element in modelling viral diseases of honey bees made possible by including the different infected classes. The dynamics of these diseases are unsurprisingly rather different from the dynamics of a standard SI or SIS disease. In this paper, we highlight how our compartmental structure for infection in honey bees and their vectors impact the disease dynamics observed, concentrating in particular on DWV vectored by varroa mites. If there is no spontaneous transition, then a basic reproduction number $$R_0$$

R
0

exists. We derive a condition for $$R_0>1$$

R
0

>
1

that reflects the complexities of the system, with components for vertical and for direct and vector-mediated horizontal transmission, using the directed graph of the next-generation matrix of the system. Such a condition has never previously been derived for a honey-bee–mite–virus system. When spontaneous transitions do occur, then $$R_0$$

R
0

no longer exists, but we introduce a modification of the analysis that allows us to determine whether (i) the disease remains largely covert or (ii) a substantial outbreak of overt disease occurs.
Phylogenetic assessment and taxonomic revision of Halobyssothecium and Lentithecium (Lentitheciaceae, Pleosporales)
Authors: Calabon Mark Seasat , Jones E.B. Gareth , Hyde Kevin D. , Boonmee Saranyaphat , Tibell Sanja , Tibell Leif , Pang Ka-Lai , Phookamsak Rungtiwa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOur studies on lignicolous aquatic fungi in Thailand, Sweden, and the UK resulted in the collection of three new Halobyssothecium species (H. bambusicola, H. phragmitis, H. versicolor) assigned to Lentitheciaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Multi-loci phylogenetic analyses of the combined large subunit, small subunit, internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA, and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequence data enabled a revision of the taxa assigned to Lentithecium and the transfer of L. cangshanense, L. carbonneanum, L. kunmingense, L. unicellulare, and L. voraginesporum to Halobyssothecium. Collection of an asexual morph of L. lineare and phylogenetic analysis confirmed its taxonomic placement in Keissleriella. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of H. bambusicola, H. phragmitis, and H. versicolor are provided.
Das positiv-blickende Selbst als Schauplatz der Armutsbearbeitung
Authors: Kerle Anja 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Fachkräfte und ihre Haltung sind im Feld der Dreh- und Angelpunkt der Armutsbearbeitung. In verschiedenen Sprechweisen inszenieren sie den positiven Blick auf Kinder und Eltern. Armut wird sich dadurch rhetorisch entledigt, während strukturelle Benachteiligungen unerkannt bleiben.
New insights into the properties of high-manganese steel
Authors: Bleck Wolfgang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the Collaborative Research Centre 761’s “Steel ab initio - quantum mechanics guided design of new Fe based materials,” scientists and engineers from RWTH Aachen University and the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research conducted research on mechanism-controlled material development with a particular focus on high-manganese alloyed steels. From 2007 to 2019, a total of 55 partial projects and four transfer projects with industrial participation (some running until 2021) have studied material and process design as well as material characterization. The basic idea of the Collaborative Research Centre was to develop a new methodological approach to the design of structural materials. This paper focuses on selected results with respect to the mechanical properties of high-manganese steels, their underlying physical phenomena, and the specific characterization and modeling tools used for this new class of materials. These steels have microstructures that require characterization by the use of modern methods at the nm-scale. Along the process routes, the generation of segregations must be taken into account. Finally, the mechanical properties show a characteristic temperature dependence and peculiarities in their fracture behavior. The mechanical properties and especially bake hardening are affected by short-range ordering phenomena. The strain hardening can be adjusted in a never-before-possible range, which makes these steels attractive for demanding sheet-steel applications.
Stress-state dependence of dynamic strain aging: Thermal hardening and blue brittleness
Authors: Liu Wen-qi , Lian Jun-he 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aims to discover the stress-state dependence of the dynamic strain aging (DSA) effect on the deformation and fracture behavior of high-strength dual-phase (DP) steel at different deformation temperatures (25–400°C) and reveal the damage mechanisms under these various configurations. To achieve different stress states, predesigned specimens with different geometric features were used. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to analyze the fracture modes (e.g., dimple or shear mode) and underlying damage mechanism of the investigated material. DSA is present in this DP steel, showing the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect with serrated flow behavior, thermal hardening, and blue brittleness phenomena. Results show that the stress state contributes distinctly to the DSA effect in terms of the magnitude of thermal hardening and the pattern of blue brittleness. Either low stress triaxiality or Lode angle parameter promotes DSA-induced blue brittleness. Accordingly, the damage mechanisms also show dependence on the stress states in conjunction with the DSA effect.