bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the Impact of Goals on Affect and Effort*
Authors: Lane Dorian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPerformance goals are one of the most prevalent management controls used in practice to address motivational concerns. Goals influence employees' affective state by enabling them to evaluate their performance against a standard and determine if their performance is satisfactory. The objective of this paper is to understand and extend the current management accounting literature on goals and their effect on employee effort via affect. I address this objective in three ways. First, I conduct a systematic review of the management accounting literature to determine what we know about goals and determine if the literature acknowledges the important effects that goals have on affect. From the literature review, I note the paucity of research that examines the affective consequences of using performance goals. Second, I discuss some of the prominent theories from psychology that explain the relationship between goals and affect and provide suggestions for research questions. Third, I develop an experimental manipulation using online participants to demonstrate that goal attainment and goal failure lead to significant positive and negative affective reactions, respectively. By sharing my research method, I provide a starting point that accounting researchers can employ to examine how affect can influence effort, which has an important causal linkage with performance outcomes.
Pulpal and periapical disease in crowned vital teeth: A prospective matched cohort study
Authors: Mohamed Khazin Sobrina , Abdullah Dalia , Liew Amy Kia Cheen , Soo Eason , Ahmad Tarib Natasya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the incidence and contributing factors to pulpal and periapical disease in crowned vital teeth. Seventy‐three pairs of healthy teeth were included and divided into two groups; ‘crowned’ and ‘untreated’ groups. The crowned group was prepared for full coverage crown and no treatment was carried out on the untreated group. Both groups were subjected to clinical and radiographic examination to detect endodontic signs and symptoms pre‐operatively and one‐week after crown cementation. Electric pulp test was also subjected to both groups, pre‐operatively, after tooth preparation and before crown cementation. The incidence of pulpal and periapical disease was 6.8% and 1.4%, respectively, after tooth preparation. Factors associated with pulpal and periapical disease were exposed pulp during tooth preparation and pre‐operative bone level <35%. Despite the low incidence, the occurrence of pulpal and periapical disease within a short period is noteworthy.
Preserving local biodiversity through crop diversification
Authors: Strobl Eric 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUsing the case study of birds and food crops, we investigate whether diversifying crop production can enhance preservation of local biodiversity. To this end we combine annual bird survey data, high resolution land use data, and phylogenetic trees to create a landscape level panel data set covering the conterminous United States for over a decade. Our econometric analysis shows that greater local food crop hetereogeneity increases local avian diversity, although this is spatially limited. Supplementary county level data provides evidence that more food crop diversity is unlikely to be at the cost of lower revenues.
Metrics Management and Bureaucratic Accountability: Evidence from Policing
Authors: Eckhouse Laurel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBureaucracies increasingly use quantitative measures to monitor personnel behavior. I develop a model of the incentives created bymetrics management, a bureaucratic accountability technique, using policing as a case to show that monitoring can lead public‐interest motivated bureaucrats to focus on work not in the public interest. Second, I develop a new measure of data manipulation in crime statistics: although theory predicts the presence of manipulation, researchers observe only the altered data. I solve this using the fact that police departments can reclassify rapes (but not other violent crimes) as “unfounded,” concluding the reported crime did not occur. Finally, I test the effects of metrics management in policing using a novel data set. CompStat is associated with at least 3,500 additional minor arrests per city‐year, substantial data manipulation, and no decrease in serious crime. These results have implications for bureaucracies implementing metrics management, scholarship using administrative data, and legal implementation.
The association between access to emergency respite and hospital admission: A longitudinal, cohort case register study
Authors: Patil Dipti , Hall Abigail , Hasan Syeda , Pye Holly , Lonergan Paul , Bowker Lindsay , Bethina Laxmiram , Morris Rohan 
Published: October 2021

Accessible Summary
Local areas have a register of people with a learning disability who are at risk of going to hospital. This register helps learning disability services to know when a person needs extra support, such as emergency respite, to stop them going to hospital.
This study aimed to see what factors were related to whether people with a learning disability went to hospital for their mental health problems.
Service users on the registers in five areas from 2019 were included in this study. What support each person had while they were at risk was looked at.
51 cases were reviewed. We found a relationship between emergency respite and needing to go to hospital. This suggests that emergency respite is related to reducing the chances of someone going to hospital for their mental health problems.
The chance to use emergency respite and support may help stop people with a learning disability needing to go to hospital for their mental health. This study can help services to provide the right support for people.

AbstractBackgroundReducing hospital admissions for people with a learning disability is a key objective of national guidelines. However, there are currently little available data which indicate factors which might reduce the risk of hospital admission. Using a cohort of people at risk of hospital admission, this research sought to explore the association between access to emergency respite and hospital admission.MethodsThis study accessed data from 76 clients who were based within Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, who were on the Dynamic Risk Register due to assessed risk of possible hospital admission. After the employment of inclusion criteria, data from 51 clients were used in the analysis. The study accessed data from clinical records and any professionals meeting minutes (e.g., care and treatment review) from a 12‐month period; information was collected pertaining to participants’ diagnoses and the treatments and interventions that they had received.FindingsWhilst controlling for other interventions, a significant association between hospital admission and access to emergency respite was found, with emergency respite significantly reducing the odds of hospital admission (OR 0.05, CI 0 to 0.36, p = .001). Not having access to emergency respite increased the odds of hospital admission by 20.56 times.ConclusionIn the study catchment area, emergency respite appears to be significantly associated with a reduction in hospital admission, independent of other interventions offered. Further research is necessary to explore if this study's findings are replicable in other areas. This study has implications for the development of emergency respite services in local areas.
A STING inhibitor suppresses EBV‐induced B cell transformation and lymphomagenesis
Authors: Miyagi Shouhei , Watanabe Takahiro , Hara Yuya , Arata Masataka , Uddin Md. Kamal , Mantoku Keisuke , Sago Ken , Yanagi Yusuke , Suzuki Takeshi , Masud H. M. Abdullah Al , Kawada Jun‐ichi , Nakamura Shigeo , Miyake Yasuyuki , Sato Yoshitaka , Murata Takayuki , Kimura Hiroshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus‐associated lymphoproliferative disease (EBV‐LPD) is frequently fatal. Innate immunity plays a key role in protecting against pathogens and cancers. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is regarded as a key adaptor protein allowing DNA sensors recognizing exogenous cytosolic DNA to activate the type I interferon signaling cascade. In terms of EBV tumorigenicity, the role of STING remains elusive. Here we showed that treatment with the STING inhibitor, C‐176, suppressed EBV‐induced transformation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In an EBV‐LPD mouse model, C‐176 treatment also inhibited tumor formation and prolonged survival. Treatment with B cells alone did not affect EBV transformation, but suppression of EBV‐induced transformation was observed in the presence of T cells. Even without direct B cell‐T cell contact in a transwell system, the inhibitor reduced the transformation activity, indicating that intercellular communication by humoral factors was critical to prevent EBV‐induced transformation. These findings suggest that inhibition of STING signaling pathway with C‐176 could be a new therapeutic target of EBV‐LPD.
COVID‐19 school closures and cumulative disadvantage: Assessing the learning gap in formal, informal and non‐formal education
Authors: González Sheila , Bonal Xavier 
Published: October 2021

AbstractReducing physical contact has been the most common strategy adopted by governments to reduce the spread of the COVID‐19 disease. It has led most countries to close their schools. Previous evidence on the effects of teacher strikes, summer holidays, armed conflicts or any other cause of school closure on learning suggest that the effects of COVID‐19 will be highly significant for some and will vary depending on students' previous performance, family characteristics, age or education track, among other factors. Recent evidence shows that learning losses during school closures have been widespread and especially intense among the more disadvantaged students. In this article we evaluate the magnitude of the gap regarding opportunities to learn in formal, informal and non‐formal education between families depending on their cultural and economic capital. An online survey (n = 35,937) was carried out during the second week of the confinement (March 2020) in Catalonia. The survey targeted families with children between three and eighteen years. The responses show remarkable social inequalities in opportunities to learn. In this article, we describe the magnitude of the learning gap between social groups and explore which are the most significant factors that explain educational inequalities. Our findings reveal a process of cumulative disadvantage that results from unequal opportunities in formal, informal and non‐formal education and underline the need to address both school and family factors to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on learning opportunities.
Anxiety, lexicon, and morphosyntax in instructed L2 Spanish
Authors: Kirk Sadler , Grinstead John , Nibert Holly J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough generalized anxiety has increased among college students, it is unclear what effect this has on language anxiety. While language anxiety has been shown to negatively affect second language achievement, its impact at the level of specific linguistic subdomains has not been evaluated. In what follows, we explore what relationship, if any, exists between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Foreign Language Anxiety and whether either construct is predictive of L2 Spanish lexical or morphosyntactic development. Results reveal that while foreign language anxiety and generalized anxiety are related, only foreign language anxiety is significantly and negatively predictive of both morphosyntactic and lexical development in the context of instructed L2 Spanish, while general anxiety was only marginally predictive of morphosyntax, but not lexicon.
Lowering whole cost for sugarcane‐based ethanol production by engineered Zymomonas mobilis
Authors: Dai Yonghua , Wu Bo , Liu Panting , Chen Mao , Song Chao , Gou Qiyu , Liu Renbin , Xu Yansheng , Hu Guoquan , He Mingxiong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLowering cost will prompt the sustainable development of sugarcane‐based ethanol industry. In this work, we developed a low‐cost process for ethanol production from sugarcane by a genetically engineered Zymomonas mobilis. Fermentation media were first optimized, resulting in a 15.54% increase in ethanol fermentation efficiency as compared to control media. To further reduce the byproduct levan formation, a levansucrase‐encoding gene of Z. mobilis, sacB, was deleted through the type I‐F CRISPR‐Cas system, which resulted in a further elevation of both ethanol conversion ratio and productivity comparing with the starting strain ZMS912 (87.50% vs. 76.77%, 1.95 g/L/h vs. 1.71 g/L/h). Moreover, we conducted fed‐batch fermentation for ethanol production using sugarcane juice in 5 L bioreactors and employing the optimized media and engineered strain. The results showed that maximum ethanol titer of 81.59 g/L and productivity of 5.83 g/L/h were achieved. Finally, preliminary techno‐economic assessment demonstrated that our efforts to modify media and strain could reduce the processing cost of ethanol production from sugarcane juice, which provides the feasibility for economic ethanol production in the future.
Inhibition of the long non‐coding RNA ZFAS1 attenuates ferroptosis by sponging miR‐150‐5p and activates CCND2 against diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ni Tingjuan , Huang Xingxiao , Pan Sunlei , Lu Zhongqiu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDiabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) is responsible for increased morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes and heart failure. However, the pathogenesis of DbCM has not yet been identified. Here, we investigated the important role of lncRNA‐ZFAS1 in the pathological process of DbCM, which is associated with ferroptosis. Microarray data analysis of DbCM in patients or mouse models from GEO revealed the significance of ZFAS1 and the significant downregulation of miR‐150‐5p and CCND2. Briefly, DbCM was established in high glucose (HG)–treated cardiomyocytes and db/db mice to form in vitro and in vivo models. Ad‐ZFAS1, Ad‐sh‐ZFAS1, mimic miR‐150‐5p, Ad‐CCND2 and Ad‐sh‐CCND2 were intracoronarily administered to the mouse model or transfected into HG‐treated cardiomyocytes to determine whether ZFAS1 regulates miR‐150‐5p and CCND2 in ferroptosis. The effect of ZFAS1 on the left ventricular myocardial tissues of db/db mice and HG‐treated cardiomyocytes, ferroptosis and apoptosis was determined by Masson staining, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, monobromobimane staining, immunofluorescence staining and JC‐1 staining. The relationships among ZFAS1, miR‐150‐5p and CCND2 were evaluated using dual‐luciferase reporter assays and RNA pull‐down assays. Inhibition of ZFAS1 led to reduced collagen deposition, decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ferroptosis, and attenuated DbCM progression. ZFAS1 sponges miR‐150‐5p to downregulate CCND2 expression. Ad‐sh‐ZFAS1, miR‐150‐5p mimic, and Ad‐CCND2 transfection attenuated ferroptosis and DbCM development both in vitro and in vivo. However, transfection with Ad‐ZFAS1 could reverse the positive effects of miR‐150‐5p mimic and Ad‐CCND2 in vitro and in vivo. lncRNA‐ZFAS1 acted as a ceRNA to sponge miR‐150‐5p and downregulate CCND2 to promote cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and DbCM development. Thus, ZFAS1 inhibition could be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of DbCM.
Moderate temperature and UV‐C light processing of Uruset apple juice: Optimization of bioactive components and evaluation of the impact on volatile profile, HMF and color
Authors: Yıkmış Seydi , Barut Gök Sıla , Levent Okan , Kombak Esengül 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, the aim was primarily to optimize the process conditions for the enrichment of bioactive components in Uruset apple juice with UV‐C light and moderate heat treatment. UV‐C light was applied to Uruset apple juice at five different UV‐C doses between 84.6 and 169.1 mJ/cm2 using a batch benchtop UV‐C reactor and five different temperatures (40, 45, 50, 55, and 60°C). Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl [DPPH]), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ascorbic acid and total anthocyanin content (TAC) were evaluated for optimization (response surface methodology) of process conditions. The effect of moderate temperature‐UV‐C light (40°C and 97.33 mJ/cm2) on the HMF (hydroxymethylfurfural) content, optical microstructure and color value of the Uruset apple juice (UUA), fresh Uruset apple juice (FUA) and pasteurized Uruset apple juice (PUA) were then evaluated. At the end of the optimization, TPC (852.83 mg GAE/L), TFC (539.91 mg CE/L), DPPH (71.97%), CUPRAC (79.17%), ascorbic acid (5.96 mg/100 mL), and TAC (211.71 mg/L) were determined. The PUA sample obtained a higher score than the UAA sample in terms of total color change (ΔE). As a result, UV‐C light and moderate heat treatment of Uruset apple juice was found to be successful.Practical ApplicationsFresh apple juices are important sources of bioactive components such as phenolics, carotenoids, vitamin C, and organic acids. The results provided in the study by the combination of moderate heat and UV‐C light could be suggested as an alternative pasteurization process in order to prevent and/or reduce the negative effect on nutritional and sensorial properties of juice of using the heat pasteurization process alone. The number of studies related to preservation of fresh apple juice in terms of Uruset apple variety is fairly limited. Furthermore, the reactor used in the study could be transferred to the fruit juice industry after a scaling‐up feasibility study.
Analysis of vibration acceleration levels and quality deterioration of Chinese bayberry fruit in semi‐vacuum package by express delivery
Authors: Jiang Qiao‐Jun , Jin Wei‐Wei , Zhang Wei‐Yi , Zhang Zhicheng , You Li‐Fan , Bi Yuqing , Yuan Lei‐Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecent years have witnessed rapid advances in the transportation of Chinese bayberry fruit in China by express delivery (ED). The mainstream express packaging is a fruit basket filled with Chinese bayberry fruit. In order to analyze the vibration, impact and quality changes of bayberry fruit in the actual ED process, BiQi (BQ) and Dongkui (DK) bayberry fruit were selected as experimental objects. Real‐time acceleration and temperature of Chinese bayberry fruit in the package were recorded during ED transportation. Headspace CO2 gas concentration and squeezed juice percentage were measured when unpacking. The firmness and electronic nose (E‐nose) linear discriminant analysis (LDA) statistical results were measured during the 2‐day shelf life. The results show that semivacuum packaging can reduce the vibration intensity of Chinese bayberry fruit in the package. Whether it was BQ or DK bayberry fruit, the fruit quality of Chinese bayberry fruit sent by ED was considerably worse than that of road vehicle (RV) transportation when unpacking. The LDA statistics of E‐nose data showed that ED‐treated bayberry fruit barely constituted the fresh part. However, differences were noticed between the varieties. Compared with DK bayberry fruit, BQ bayberry fruit had more of its juice squeezed; further, its firmness had decreased more. In conclusion, multiple impacts and high‐intensity vibrations are the main reason for Chinese bayberry fruit damage during ED transportation. Compared to BQ bayberry fruit, DK bayberry fruit is more resistant to mechanical damage and is more suitable for ED.Practical ApplicationsCultivar Dongkui bayberry is more resistant to mechanical damage than BiQi bayberry after many aspects of comparison, and is suitable for express delivery (ED) transportation. To reduce the mechanical damage of bayberry fruit, it is suggested to improve the impact‐resistant design of existing packaging styles, with simply adding a layer of absorbent pad to the bottom of the fruit basket. The form of foam box semivacuum packaging is not only suitable to bayberry, but also to others such as strawberries during ED transportation.
Prenatal predictors of postpartum depression trajectories from birth to 24 months amongst smoking women
Authors: Frndak Seth , Syed Samie , Saleh Julian , Kocher Megan , Wen Xiaozhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesWe aimed to identify postpartum depression (PPD) trajectories and examine relevant predictors amongst smoking women.BackgroundPPD can adversely affect families. Predictors of PPD trajectories amongst smoking women are understudied.DesignLongitudinal cohort study.MethodsA cohort of 49 U.S. women (current or ex‐smoking) completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale from birth to 24 months postpartum. Latent class growth modelling was used to identify PPD trajectories. Predictors of PPD trajectories were identified, adjusting for confounders. Effect modification by prenatal Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) depression score was also assessed. STROBE guidelines were followed in reporting results.ResultsThree PPD trajectories were identified: non‐PPD, transient PPD and chronic PPD. In multinomial logistic regression, social support was associated with lower odds of membership in the chronic PPD trajectory compared to non‐PPD trajectory: being married or having a partner sharing resources (odds ratio OR = .14 [.02, .85], p‐value = .03), greater partner support (OR = .87 [.77, .98], p‐value = .02) and greater family/friends support (OR = .53 [.34, .82], p‐value = .004). Transient PPD showed no differences with non‐PPD on any predictors. In ordinal logistic regression models, social support was associated with lower odds of membership in a more severe PPD depression trajectory when prenatal PHQ depression score was in the low range (being married or having a partner sharing resources: p for effect modification = .06; partner support: p for effect modification = .05; and family/friends support: p for effect modification = .005).Relevance to Clinical PracticeCompared to the general population, chronic PPD trajectories were more common amongst smoking women. Social support was an important predictor of more severe PPD trajectories, especially when prenatal depression is low.ConclusionOur findings indicated that social support might decrease likelihood of severe PPD trajectories, especially when prenatal depression was low. Relevant predictors of transient PPD remained elusive.