bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and TKI combined with chemotherapy for adult philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zeng Qiang , Xiang Bing , Liu Zhigang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study seeks to clarify whether allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is necessary for adult patients with Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) in post‐remission based on a comparison with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) combined with chemotherapy.MethodsWe searched the Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases and limited the date range for the studies from January 2010 to August 2020. A hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was employed to assess overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS), and an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% CI was used to evaluate the ratio of non‐relapsed mortality (NRM) and non‐relapsed survival (NRS). All analyses were conducted with Stata software 16.0 and Revman 5.3.ResultsFifteen studies, totaling 959 patients, were included in our analysis. Among those patients, 473 underwent allo‐HSCT, and 486 received TKI plus chemotherapy. The pooled results showed no difference in OS between outcomes for patients receiving TKI plus chemotherapy and those treated with allo‐HSCT (HR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.51–1.12], p = 0.16). Patients undergoing allo‐HSCT did better than those receiving TKI plus chemotherapy regarding RFS (HR = 0.48, 95% CI [0.37–0.63], p = 0.00), and NRS (OR = 2.64, 95% CI [1.25–5.57], p = 0.00). The NRM rate of the TKI plus chemotherapy group was significantly lower than the allo‐HSCT group (OR = 2.33, 95% CI [1.51–3.59], p = 0.00).ConclusionTKI combined with chemotherapy can be considered a post‐remission treatment option for adult Ph+ ALL patients who are ineligible for allo‐HSCT. However, more prospective studies with large sample sizes should be carried out in the future.
Selective Capture of Anti‐N‐glucosylated NTHi Adhesin Peptide Antibodies by a Multivalent Dextran Conjugate
Authors: Mazzoleni Antonio , Real‐Fernandez Feliciana , Nuti Francesca , Lanzillo Roberta , Brescia Morra Vincenzo , Dambruoso Paolo , Bertoldo Monica , Rovero Paolo , Mallet Jean‐Maurice , Papini Anna Maria 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTentacle‐like polymers decorated with several copies of peptide antigens can be interesting tools for increasing the ability to capture circulating antibodies in patient sera, using cooperative effects for stronger avidity. We previously showed that antibodies from multiple sclerosis (MS) patient sera preferentially recognize hyperglucosylated adhesin protein HMW1ct of non‐typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). We selected the C‐terminal HMW1ct(1347–1354) minimal epitope and prepared the diglucosylated analogue Ac‐KAN(Glc)VTLN(Glc)TTG‐K(N3)‐NH2 to graft a 40 kDa dextran scaffold modified with glycidyl‐propargyl moieties to perform a copper catalyzed alkyne‐azide coupling reaction (CuAAC). Quantitative NMR measurements allowed the characterization of the peptide loading (19.5 %) on the multivalent dextran conjugate. This novel polymeric structure displayed optimal capturing properties of both IgG and, more interestingly, IgM antibodies in MS sera. Specific antibodies from a representative MS serum, were successfully depleted using a Sepharose resin bearing the new glucosylated multivalent conjugate, as confirmed by ELISA. These results may offer a promising proof‐of‐concept for the selective purification of high affinity autoantibodies from sera of autoimmune patients, in general, and of specific high affinity antibodies against a minimally glcosylated epitope Asn(Glc) from sera of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, in particular.
Intra‐operative application of ultrasonography (USG) for reduction of zygomatic arch fracture
Authors: Acharya Pradeep , Dongol Ashok , Yadav Anjani Kumar , Bhattarai Nilima , Jaisani Mehul Rajesh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractZygomatic arch fractures are the most common facial fractures or second in frequency after the nasal fractures. The high incidence of zygomatic fractures probably relates to its prominent position in the facial skeleton; hence, it is frequently exposed to fractures. This case report presents an left‐sided isolated zygomatic arch fracture after subjected to routine investigations and radiographs like submentovertex and CT scans. The patient was operated under general anesthesia for the reduction of zygomatic arch by Gille's temporal approach with the use of Ultrasound intra‐operatively. Recommendation for the use of ultrasonography in the identification of zygomatic arch fractures intra‐operatively operatively.
On the Supra‐LUMO Interaction: Case Study of a Sudden Change of Electronic Structure as a Functional Emergence
Authors: Gosset Alexis , Lachmanová Štěpánka Nováková , Cherraben Sawsen , Bertho Gildas , Forté Jérémy , Perruchot Christian , de Rouville Henri‐Pierre Jacquot , Pospíšil Lubomír , Hromadová Magdaléna , Brémond Éric , Lainé Philippe P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe synergistic functioning of redox‐active components that emerges from prototypical 2,2′‐di(N‐methylpyrid‐4‐ylium)‐1,1′‐biphenyl is described. Interestingly, even if a trans conformation of the native assembly is expected, due to electrostatic repulsion between cationic pyridinium units, we demonstrate that cis conformation is equally energy‐stabilized on account of a peculiar LUMO (SupLUMO) that develops through space, encompassing the two pyridiniums in a single, made‐in‐one‐piece, electronic entity (superelectrophoric behavior). This SupLUMO emergence, with the cis species as superelectrophore embodiment, originates in a sudden change of electronic structure. This finding is substantiated by insights from solid state (single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction) and solution (NOE NMR and UV‐vis‐NIR spectroelectrochemistry) studies, combined with electronic structure computations. Electrochemistry shows that electron transfers are so strongly correlated that two‐electron reduction manifests itself as a single‐step process with a large potential inversion consistent with inner creation of a carbon‐carbon bond (digital simulation). Besides, absence of reductive formation of dimers is a further indication of a preferential intramolecular reactivity determined by the SupLUMO interaction (cis isomer pre‐organization). The redox‐gated covalent bond, serving as electron reservoir, was studied via atropisomerism of the reduction product (VT NMR study). The overall picture derived from this in‐depth study of 2,2′‐di(N‐methylpyrid‐4‐ylium)‐1,1′‐biphenyl proves that trans and cis species are worth considered as intrinsically sharply different, that is, as doubly‐electrophoric and singly‐superelectrophoric switchable assemblies, beyond conformational isomerism. Most importantly, the through‐space‐mediated SupLUMO may come in complement of other weak interactions encountered in Supramolecular Chemistry as a tool for the design of electroactive architectures.
Electroreductive Cross‐Coupling of Trifluoromethyl Alkenes and Redox Active Esters for the Synthesis of Gem‐Difluoroalkenes
Authors: Claraz Aurélie , Allain Clémence , Masson Géraldine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn electroreductive access to gem‐difluoroalkenes has been developed through the decarboxylative/defluorinative coupling of N‐hydroxyphtalimides esters and α‐trifluoromethyl alkenes. The electrolysis is performed under very simple reaction conditions in an undivided cell using cheap carbon graphite electrodes. This metal‐free transformation features broad scope with good to excellent yields. Tertiary, secondary as well as primary alkyl radicals could be easily introduced. α‐aminoacids L‐aspartic and L‐glutamic acid‐derived redox active esters were good reactive partners furnishing potentially relevant gem‐difluoroalkenes. In addition, it has been demonstrated that our electrosynthetic approach toward the synthesis of gem‐difluoroalkenes could use an easily prepared Kratitsky salt as alkyl radical precursor via a deaminative/defluorinative carbofunctionalization of trifluoromethylstyrene.
A Phosphorus‐Based Pacman Dication Generated by Cooperative Self‐Activation of a Pacman Phosphane
Authors: Eickhoff Liesa , Ohms Leon , Bresien Jonas , Villinger Alexander , Michalik Dirk , Schulz Axel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFormal coordination of phosphorus(III) by a calix[4]pyrrole Schiff base ligand was achieved through the reaction of this ligand with PCl3 under basic conditions. The reaction product adopts a Pacman conformation with two P−Cl moieties, one in exo and one in endo position. It represents the first non‐metal compound of calix[4]pyrrole Schiff base ligands and of Pacman ligands in general. The spatial neighborhood of the two phosphorus atoms enables cooperative reactions. As a first example, the chloride abstraction with AgOTf is presented, yielding a macrocyclic dication with two embedded phosphorus(III) monocations, which both undergo a cooperative, internal activation reaction with an adjacent C=N double bond. This intramolecular redox process affords two pentacoordinated phosphorus(V) centers within the Pacman dication. All reaction products were fully characterized and all results are supported by computations.
1‐[2‐(1‐Cyclobutylpiperidin‐4‐yloxy)‐6,7‐dihydro‐4H‐thiazolo[5,4‐c]pyridin‐5‐yl]propan‐1‐one: a Histamine H3 Receptor Inverse Agonist with Efficacy in Animal Models of Cognition
Authors: Shinde Anil Karbhari , Badange Rajesh Kumar , Reballi Veena , Achanta Pramod Kumar , Bojja Kumar , Manchineella Sravanthi , Rao Muddana Nageswara , Subramanian Ramkumar , Choudary Palacharla Raghava , Benade Vijay , Jayarajan Pradeep , Thentu Jagadeesh Babu , Lingavarapu Bujji Babu , Yarra Sivasekhar , Kagita Narendra , Rao Doguparthi Mallikarjuna , Mohammed Abdul Rasheed , Nirogi Ramakrishna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA series of chemical optimizations, which was guided by in vitro affinity at histamine H3 receptor (H3R), modulation of lipophilicity, ADME properties and preclinical efficacy resulted in the identification of 1‐[2‐(1‐cyclobutylpiperidin‐4‐yloxy)‐6,7‐dihydro‐4H‐thiazolo[5,4‐c]pyridin‐5‐yl]propan‐1‐one (45 e) as a potent and selective (Ki=4.0 nM) H3R inverse agonist. Dipsogenia induced by (R)‐α‐methylhistamine was dose dependently antagonized by 45 e, confirming its functional antagonism at H3R. It is devoid of hERG and phospholipidosis issues. Compound 45 e has adequate oral exposures and favorable half‐life in both rats and dogs. It has demonstrated high receptor occupancy (ED80=0.22 mg/kg) and robust efficacy in object recognition task and, dose dependently increased acetylcholine levels in brain. The sub‐therapeutic doses of 45 e in combination with donepezil significantly increased acetylcholine levels. The potent affinity, selectivity, in vivo efficacy and drug like properties together with safety, warrant for further development of this molecule for potential treatment of cognitive disorders associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Transoral robotic surgery adoption and safety in treatment of oropharyngeal cancers
Authors: Oliver Jamie R. , Persky Michael J. , Wang Binhuan , Duvvuri Umamaheswar , Gross Neil D. , Vaezi Alec E. , Morris Luc G. T. , Givi Babak 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2009 for the treatment of oropharyngeal cancers (oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma [OPSCC]). This study investigated the adoption and safety of TORS.MethodsAll patients who underwent TORS for OPSCC in the National Cancer Data Base from 2010 to 2016 were selected. Trends in the positive margin rate (PMR), 30‐day unplanned readmission, and early postoperative mortality were evaluated. Outcomes after TORS, nonrobotic surgery (NRS), and nonsurgical treatment were compared with matched‐pair survival analyses.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2016, among 73,661 patients with OPSCC, 50,643 were treated nonsurgically, 18,024 were treated with NRS, and 4994 were treated with TORS. TORS utilization increased every year from 2010 (n = 363; 4.2%) to 2016 (n = 994; 8.3%). The TORS PMR for base of tongue malignancies decreased significantly over the study period (21.6% in 2010‐2011 vs 15.8% in 2015‐2016; P = .03). The TORS PMR at high‐volume centers (≥10 cases per year; 11.2%) was almost half that of low‐volume centers (<10 cases per year; 19.3%; P < .001). The rates of 30‐day unplanned readmission (4.1%) and 30‐day postoperative mortality (1.0%) after TORS were low and did not vary over time. High‐volume TORS centers had significantly lower rates of 30‐day postoperative mortality than low‐volume centers (0.5% vs 1.5%; P = .006). In matched‐pair analyses controlling for clinicopathologic cofactors, 30‐, 60‐, and 90‐day posttreatment mortality did not vary among patients with OPSCC treated with TORS, NRS, or nonsurgical treatment.ConclusionsTORS has become widely adopted and remains safe across the country with a very low risk of severe complications comparable to the risk with NRS. Although safety is excellent nationally, high‐volume TORS centers have superior outcomes with lower rates of positive margins and early postoperative mortality.
Association between metabolic syndrome and its components and incident colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Tran Tao Thi , Gunathilake Madhawa , Lee Jeonghee , Kim Jeongseon 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a contributor to cancer development. However, reports concerning the association between MetS and colorectal cancer (CRC) have been inconsistent. This study investigated whether MetS, its components, and the number of components increase the risk of CRC.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of 41,837 participants recruited from August 2002 to December 2014 from the National Cancer Center in South Korea. The participants were followed until December 2017 to identify incident CRC cases. The participants underwent laboratory tests at the baseline. Additionally, a self‐administered questionnaire collected information concerning lifestyle and general characteristics at the baseline. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to explore the association between MetS and its components and CRC risk after adjustments for confounding variables.ResultsIn total, 128 incident CRC cases were identified during the follow‐up period. An increased CRC risk was found among participants with MetS (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.08‐2.44). Additionally, elevated blood pressure (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.05‐2.15) and a high fasting glucose level (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.23‐2.63) were associated with an elevated risk of CRC. Notably, an increased risk was identified among participants with abdominal obesity coexisting with another component of MetS.ConclusionsThese results suggest that MetS is a risk factor for CRC. Greater emphasis should be placed on the importance of CRC screening among individuals with abdominal obesity coexisting with another component of MetS.Lay Summary

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common cancer type in terms of incidence.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a contributor to cancer development.

However, the association between MetS and CRC remains controversial because of a lack of consistent findings in previous studies.

In this study, the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines are used for the diagnosis of MetS.

MetS is found to be a predictor of CRC. Additionally, the importance of CRC screening among individuals with 2 components of MetS should be emphasized.
Long‐Term Preservation of Short‐Lived Photoproducts of Phytochromes at Room Temperature
Authors: Köhler Lisa , Gärtner Wolfgang , Matysik Jörg , Song Chen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhytochromes (Phys) are biliproteins that regulate light responses in plants, fungi, and microorganisms through photoconversion between a dark state and a photoproduct. Thermal reversion of the photoproduct is an intrinsic property of all Phys, typically occurring on a timescale of seconds to days. Despite methodological advances, the structural and spectroscopic determination of short‐lived photoproducts has proven challenging. We herein present an innovative approach for photoproduct stabilisation by incorporating the protein into trehalose glasses (TGs). The resulting Phy–trehalose matrices were investigated by UV/Vis absorption and solid‐state NMR spectroscopies. Our results demonstrate that the TGs strongly inhibit thermal reversion of the incorporated Phy proteins for periods as long as several weeks at room temperature (RT), during which the proteins fully sustain their native structures and spectral and biochemical properties. This sample preparation approach is beneficial for revealing bona fide structure/function relationships of short‐lived photoproducts that are otherwise not accessible, thus paving the way towards a deeper molecular understanding of the diversified spectral properties of Phys. Our results also provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of trehalose bioprotection.
Ligand‐Free Copper‐Catalyzed Ullmann‐Type C−O Bond Formation in Non‐Innocent Deep Eutectic Solvents under Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Quivelli Andrea Francesca , Marinò Manuela , Vitale Paola , García‐Álvarez Joaquín , Perna Filippo M. , Capriati Vito 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn efficient and novel protocol was developed for a Cu‐catalyzed Ullmann‐type aryl alkyl ether synthesis by reacting various (hetero)aryl halides (Cl, Br, I) with alcohols as active components of environmentally benign choline chloride‐based eutectic mixtures. Under optimized conditions, the reaction proceeded under mild conditions (80 °C) in air, in the absence of additional ligands, with a catalyst [CuI or CuII species] loading up to 5 mol% and K2CO3 as the base, providing the desired aryloxy derivatives in up to 98 % yield. The potential application of the methodology was demonstrated in the valorization of cheap, easily available, and naturally occurring polyols (e. g., glycerol) for the synthesis of some pharmacologically active aryloxypropanediols (Guaiphenesin, Mephenesin, and Chlorphenesin) on a 2 g scale in 70–96 % yield. Catalyst, base, and deep eutectic solvent could easily and successfully be recycled up to seven times with an E‐factor as low as 5.76.
Brevis factorρto evaluate data aggregation tree scheduling heuristics in sensor networks
Authors: Kale Preeti A. , Nene Manisha J. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryIn Sensor Networks (SNs), Network Lifetime (NL) enhancement using Data Aggregation Trees (DATs) is an extensively studied NP complete problem. The study in this paper investigates the existing DAT scheduling heuristics and proposes a metric termed asBrevis Factor ρto evaluate the merit of the employed heuristics. Then, theρmetric is applied to the state‐of‐art DAT scheduling heuristics which are typically based on Residual Energy (RE) parameter of the sensor nodes. Further, this paper proposes a new heuristics parameter for DAT scheduling based on the Number of Neighboring nodes (NN). Performance of NN‐based heuristics is evaluated with rigorous simulations, and the results demonstrate improvement in NL as compared with the state‐of‐art. The values ofρare observed for the existing RE‐based heuristics as well as the proposed NN‐based heuristics. The results demonstrate howρmetric values evaluate the DAT scheduling heuristics. In addition, the results facilitate to understand the trade‐off associated with the overheads to reconstruct DATs while improving NL.
Intraspecific interactions in a high‐density leopard population
Authors: Rouse Sarah , Behnoud Pouyan , Hobeali Kaveh , Moghadas Peyman , Salahshour Zolfaghar , Eslahi Hossein , Ommatmohammadi Mousa , Khani Ali , Shabani Abolfazl , Macdonald David W. , Farhadinia Mohammad S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough less studied than interspecific interactions, interactions among members of the same species can influence space use and temporal activity. Using techniques commonly applied to the analysis of interspecific interactions—multispecies occupancy modeling and the analysis of temporal activity patterns—we studied intraspecific interactions within a high‐density population of Persian leopards (Panthera pardus saxicolor) in Tandoureh National Park, northeastern Iran. Using camera‐trap data, we investigated spatiotemporal interactions between male leopards, lone female leopards, and families (cubs/females with cubs). While we hypothesized that male and female leopards would display different temporal activity patterns, we did not predict spatial avoidance between these groups. We also predicted that leopard families would exhibit spatiotemporal avoidance from male leopards due to the risk of infanticide. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find any evidence for spatial or temporal avoidance between leopard families and adult male leopards. Male and lone female leopards exhibited positive pairwise co‐occurrence, consistent with reports of high overlap between male and female leopard home ranges. While a high level of overlap in temporal activity patterns was found between males/lone females and males/families, there was evidence for variation in the proportion of time each leopard group was active in particular periods of the diel cycle. Male leopards showed cathemeral activity, while lone females and families were more active during daylight hours. The application of these techniques to interactions within a species has improved understanding of the ecology and behavior of this endangered solitary carnivore.
Longitudinal pattern of resource utilization by aquatic consumers along a disturbed subtropical urban river: Estimating the relative contribution of resources with stable isotope analysis
Authors: Wang Sai , Wang Tuan‐Tuan , Xia Wen‐Tong , Chen Zhong‐Bing , Stewart Simon D. , Yang Feng‐Juan , Cheng Gong , Wang Xiao‐Di , Wang Ding‐Ying , Xie Song‐Guang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe utilization of food resources by aquatic consumers reflects the structure and functioning of river food webs. In lotic water systems, where food availability and predator–prey relationships vary with gradient changes in physical conditions, understanding diet assimilation by local communities is important for ecosystem conservation. In the subtropical Liuxi River, southern China, the relative contribution of basal resources to the diet assimilation of functional feeding groups (FFGs) was determined by stable carbon (13C) and nitrogen (15N) isotope analyses. The output of Bayesian mixing models showed that diatom‐dominated periphyton (epilithic biofilm), aquatic C3 plants (submerged hydrophytes), and suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM) associated with terrestrial C3 plants contributed the most to the diet assimilation of FFGs in the upper, middle, and lower reaches, respectively. The relative contribution of consumer diet assimilation was weighted by the biomass (wet weight, g/m2) of each FFG to reflect resource utilization at the assemblage level. From the upper to the lower reaches, the spatial variation in the diet assimilation of fish and invertebrate assemblages could be summarized as a longitudinal decrease in periphyton (from 57%–76% to <3%) and an increase in SPOM (from <7% to 51%–68%) with a notable midstream increase in aquatic C3 plants (23%–48%). These results indicate that instream consumers in the Liuxi River rely more on autochthonous production (e.g., periphyton and submerged hydrophytes) than on terrestrially derived allochthonous matter (e.g., terrestrial plants). The pattern of resource utilization by consumers in the mid‐upper Liuxi River is consistent with findings from other open subtropical and neotropical rivers and provides evidence for the riverine productivity model. Our study indicates that protecting inherent producers in rivers (e.g., periphyton and submerged hydrophytes) and restoring their associated habitats (e.g., riffles with cobble substrate) are conducive to aquatic ecosystem management.