bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First principle simulation of coated hydroxychloroquine on Ag, Au and Pt nanoparticles
Authors: Morad Razieh , Akbari Mahmood , Rezaee Parham , Koochaki Amin , Maaza Malik , Jamshidi Zahra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFrom the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic, the potential antiviral properties of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) against SARS-CoV-2 suggested that these drugs could be the appropriate therapeutic candidates. However, their side effects directed clinical tests towards optimizing safe utilization strategies. The noble metal nanoparticles (NP) are promising materials with antiviral and antibacterial properties that can deliver the drug to the target agent, thereby reducing the side effects. In this work, we applied both the quantum mechanical and classical atomistic molecular dynamics approaches to demonstrate the adsorption properties of HCQ/CQ on Ag, Au, AgAu, and Pt nanoparticles. We found the adsorption energies of HCQ/CQ towards nanoparticles have the following trend: PtNP > AuNP > AuAgNP > AgNP. This shows that PtNP has the highest affinity in comparison to the other types of nanoparticles. The (non)perturbative effects of this drug on the plasmonic absorption spectra of AgNP and AuNP with the time-dependent density functional theory. The effect of size and composition of NPs on the coating with HCQ and CQ were obtained to propose the appropriate candidate for drug delivery. This kind of modeling could help experimental groups to find efficient and safe therapies.
Fabrication of copper(II)-coated magnetic core-shell nanoparticles Fe3O4@SiO2-2-aminobenzohydrazide and investigation of its catalytic application in the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole compounds
Authors: Rajabi-Moghaddam H. , Naimi-Jamal M. R. , Tajbakhsh M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the present work, an attempt has been made to synthesize the 1,2,3-triazole derivatives resulting from the click reaction, in a mild and green environment using the new copper(II)-coated magnetic core–shell nanoparticles Fe3O4@SiO2 modified by isatoic anhydride. The structure of the catalyst has been determined by XRD, FE-SEM, TGA, VSM, EDS, and FT-IR analyzes. The high efficiency and the ability to be recovered and reused for at least up to 6 consecutive runs are some superior properties of the catalyst.
Developmental stages of peach, plum, and apple fruit influence development and fecundity of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Sarker Souvic , Woo Young Ha , Lim Un Taek 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHost plant attributes are essential factors determining the population dynamics of herbivorous insects. The developmental stage of host plants, in particular, may affect the biology of Grapholita molesta (Busck), a possibility that has rarely been examined. Here we assessed the effect of developmental stage of plum, peach, and apple fruits on the development and fecundity performance of G. molesta, along with an examination of the firmness and sugar content of the fruits. Among the fruits collected earliest (May 31), plum and apple were better food sources for G. molesta compared to peach in terms of development, reproduction, and life table parameters. However, despite the higher sugar content in peach, G. molesta larvae showed a lower rate of fruit penetration in peach, probably due to fruit firmness. In the later-collected fruit (June 25), both peach and apple were better than plum, as peach and apple were softer and had higher sugar content. Nevertheless, the penetration rate of larva was still low in peach probably due to pubescence on the fruit surface. Although the plum fruits in the later collection date were softer with higher sugar content, there was a negative impact on the development and reproduction because fruits started to liquefy earlier. In conclusion, the developmental stage of fruits with changes in fruit firmness or sugar content affected the development and reproduction of G. molesta, and apple would be the best food source.
Investigating the microwave heating behaviour of lunar soil simulant JSC-1A at different input powers
Authors: Lim Sungwoo , Bowen James , Degli-Alessandrini Giulia , Anand Mahesh , Cowley Aidan , Levin Prabhu Vibha 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFor a sustainable human presence on the Moon, it is critical to develop technologies that could utilise the locally available resources (a.k.a. in situ resource utilisation or ISRU) for habitat construction. As the surface soil is one of the most widely available resources at the Moon, we have investigated the viability of microwave heating of a lunar soil simulant (JSC-1A). JSC-1A was thermally treated in a bespoke microwave apparatus using 2.45 GHz frequency, using five different microwave powers in the range of 250 W to 1000 W. The structural properties of the resulting products were analysed to determine whether their microstructures and mechanical strengths differ under different input powers; and whether input power plays a crucial role in triggering thermal runaway, for identifying the optimum power for developing a microwave-heating. Our key findings are: (i) the higher input powers (800 W and 1000 W) generate the highest yields and microstructures with the greatest mechanical strengths, at the shortest fabrication times, and (ii) thermal runaway improves the microwave heating efficiency despite the rapid increase in temperature, once it is triggered. Our findings are of key importance for developing a microwave-heating payload for future lunar ISRU demonstration missions, contributing towards 3D printing-based extra-terrestrial construction processes.
Esophageal metal stent for malignant obstruction after prior radiotherapy
Authors: Iwagami Hiroyoshi , Ishihara Ryu , Yamamoto Sachiko , Matsuura Noriko , Shoji Ayaka , Matsueda Katsunori , Inoue Takahiro , Miyake Muneaki , Waki Kotaro , Fukuda Hiromu , Shimamoto Yusaku , Kono Mitsuhiro , Nakahira Hiroko , Shichijo Satoki , Maekawa Akira , Kanesaka Takashi , Takeuchi Yoji , Higashino Koji , Noriya Uedo  
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe association between severe adverse events (SAEs) and prior radiotherapy or stent type remains controversial. Patients with esophageal or esophagogastric junctional cancer who underwent stent placement (2005–2019) were enrolled in this retrospective study conducted at a tertiary cancer institute in Japan. The exclusion criteria were follow-up period of < 1 month and insufficient data on stent type or cancer characteristics. We used Mann–Whitney’s U test for quantitative data and Fisher’s exact test for categorical data. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model. 107 stents were placed. Low radial-force stents (L group) were used in 51 procedures and high radial-force stents (H group) in 56 procedures. SAEs developed after nine procedures, the median interval from stent placement being 6 days (range, 1–141 days). SAEs occurred more frequently in the H (14%: 8/56) than in the L group (2%: 1/51) (P = 0.03). In patients who had undergone prior radiotherapy, SAEs were more frequent in the H (36%: 4/11) than in the L group (0%: 0/13) (P = 0.03). Re-obstruction and migration occurred after 16 and three procedures, respectively; these rates did not differ significantly between groups (P = 0.59, P = 1, respectively). Low radial-force stents may reduce the risk of SAEs after esophageal stenting.
Effects of physical exercise on macular vessel density and choroidal thickness in children
Authors: Li Shufeng , Pan Yiguo , Xu Jingjing , Li Xue , Spiegel Daniel P. , Bao Jinhua , Chen Hao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe used swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) to investigate the effects of moderate physical exercise on retinal and choroidal vessel densities (VDs) and thicknesses in children. One eye in each of 40 myopic children (mean age, 11.70 years) and 18 emmetropic children (mean age, 11.06 years) were included. SS-OCT 6 × 6-mm radial scans and SS-OCTA 3 × 3-mm images were centered on the macula. Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were recorded before and immediately after a 20-min stationary cycling exercise and after a 30-min rest. The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal thickness (CT), and VD at the superficial and deep retinal layers, choriocapillaris, and deeper choroidal vessels were determined. SFCT and CT were significantly lower at all locations immediately after exercise (p < 0.001) and did not fully recover after rest (p < 0.05). VD was lower in the deep retinal layer after exercise (p = 0.02) and higher in the superficial layer after rest (p = 0.03) in myopic eyes while it was higher in the superficial (p < 0.01) and deep layer (p < 0.01) after rest in emmetropic eyes. No significant exercise-related changes in the superficial retinal VD, choroidal VD, or IOP were observed. ΔCT% and ΔSFCT% were significantly correlated with increases in HR in myopic group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively). Exercise increased retinal VD after rest in emmetropic eyes, and caused significant CT thinning that lasted for at least 30 min in both emmetropic and myopic eyes.
Nanoscale photosensitizer with tumor-selective turn-on fluorescence and activatable photodynamic therapy treatment for COX-2 overexpressed cancer cells
Authors: Wang Lan , Zhang Yuhuan , Han Ying , Zhang Qi , Wen Zhenfu , Li Hongjuan , Sun Shiguo , Chen Xin , Xu Yongqian 
Published: January 2021

A single molecule IMC-DAH-SQ can selectively recognize tumor cells with turn-on near infrared (NIR) fluorescence and function as an adaptive photosensitizer with photodynamic therapy activity.
Impact of bandwidth on antenna‐array noise matching
Authors: Ali Roshaan , Belostotski Leonid , Messier Geoffrey G. , Madanayake Arjuna , Sutinjo Adrian T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis letter expands the treatments of wideband noise analysis of antenna arrays by including bandwidth effects on beam‐equivalent receiver noise temperature, , and the active reflection coefficient, . The particular focus of the letter is on receiver noise decorrelation in wideband systems having noise bandwidth 1 Hz. The new analysis and simulations show increase in and the departure of from that obtained using contemporary analyses for 1 Hz. Although the paper also shows that for many applications over moderate bandwidths and close connection between the receiver and array the influence of on is not significant, the simulations of a 71‐element array demonstrate that the noise decorrelation due to wide can result in tens of percent (as much as 45.5% in simulations described in this letter) increase in above the low‐noise amplifier minimum noise temperature, which should be taken into account at the design stage of ultra‐wide band systems, such as those under investigation by, for example, the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) in its wideband adaptive RF protection (WARP) program and ultra‐sensitive active electronically scanned array (AESA) radars for tracking stealth objects.
An efficient cylindrical coordinate subgrid parabolic equation model for predicting the power distribution and coverage of radar signals in a complex multi‐scale marine environment
Authors: Deng Xiaochuan , Liao C. , Zhang Dongmin , Ju Feng , Shang Yuping , Zhou Haijing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn efficient cylindrical coordinate subgrid parabolic equation model is proposed to predict the power distribution and coverage of radar signals in a complex multi‐scale marine environment. The model adopts different grid systems for the multi‐scale marine environment including flat sea surface, islands, ships and other elements, and realizes the transformation between grids through spatial mesh refinement technology. For the prediction of radio wave propagation in a large area complex environment, the model can balance the calculation efficiency and accuracy, thus effectively reducing the memory requirement and CPU computing time. In addition, combined with digital map and radar equation, the power distribution and coverage of radar signal in complex multi‐scale marine environment are calculated. Numerical results verify the correctness and efficiency of the proposed model.
Spectral characteristics of DDPM streams and their application to all‐digital amplitude modulation
Authors: Crovetti P. S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA new closed‐form expression of the spectral coefficients of the digital streams obtained by dyadic digital pulse modulation is presented and validated in this letter. The new expression provides in‐depth insight into the spectral properties of dyadic digital pulse modulation, revealing its applicability as an all‐digital bandpass amplitude modulation technique. Simulations and measurements on a proof‐of‐concept dyadic digital pulse modulation amplitude modulator prototype demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Dual‐band orthogonal polarised shared aperture array with shared‐elements
Authors: Xu Jiachen , Guo Chenjiang , Ding Jun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper, an orthogonal polarised dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) which can operate at S‐ and C‐band, has been designed as “shared‐element” for forming a dual‐band shared aperture array. Furthermore, in this shared aperture array, the S‐band array contains four shared‐elements, and the C‐band array contains four shared‐elements and twelve C‐band DRA elements. Moreover, a phase compensation power divider is employed to help offset the radiation performance differences between the two types of antenna elements when forming the C‐band array. A prototype array was fabricated and measured, showing that the antenna can cover the band of 2.4–2.63 GHz and 6.9–7.1 GHz, respectively. The isolation between bands is higher than 30 dB. The cross‐polarisation levels are less than ‐30 dB in both bands.
Multi‐layered PCB distributed filter
Authors: Bulja S. , Kozlov D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper, multi‐layered print circuit board distributed resonators and filters are introduced. Here, the individual elements of the distributed resonator are made as part of a multi‐layered print circuit board, commonly used in the circuitry of transceiver boards. In this way, the unused real estate available on the board is used effectively. As a demonstrator of the proposed technology, a 2‐pole filter fabricated using a 5‐layer substrate and consisting of a matrix of 11 × 11 elements per resonator is fabricated and its performance is measured. Due to a large number of individual elements, which perform dimensional averaging of manufacturing inaccuracies, the filter obtained in this way not only requires no post‐production tuning, but it also has an extremely low profile of 5o, which is the lowest profile to be reported in the literature. The filter was made to operate at a centre frequency of 1.8 GHz with an absolute bandwidth of 65 MHz. The measured and computed results are in good agreement.
Driver behaviour detection using 1D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Shahverdy M. , Fathy M. , Berangi R. , Sabokrou M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDriver behaviour is an important factor in road safety. Computer vision techniques have been widely used to monitor the driver behaviour. The violation of privacy and the possibility of spoofing are two continuing challenges in camera‐based systems. To address these challenges, we propose an efficient approach to monitor and detect driver behaviour based on movement characteristics of the vehicle rather than the visual features of the driver. The main goal of this paper is to classify the driver behaviour into five classes: safe, distracted, aggressive, drunk, and drowsy driving. A lightweight 1D Convolutional Neural Network with high efficiency and low computational complexity is suggested to classify the driver behaviour. Experimental results confirm that our method could successfully classify behaviours of a driver with accuracy of 99.999%.
Spatially coupled serially concatenated codes via parity re‐encoding
Authors: Zhao Shancheng , Yang Chaojie , Wen Jinming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe recently introduced spatially coupled turbo‐like codes are attractive in trading‐off performances between the error‐floor region and the water‐fall region. This letter is concerned with the construction of spatially coupled serially concatenated codes. Particularly, a new construction of spatially coupled serially concatenated codes is presented, in which a portion of the encoding output of the previous inner encoder is taken as the input of the current inner encoder. The authors show that by proper selection of the component codes and the re‐encoding ratio, performance gain about 0.25 dB is obtained with the proposed construction.
Ultra‐wideband on‐body elliptical monopole antenna
Authors: Nguyen Duy Hai , Krozer Viktor , Moll Jochen , Zimmer Gernot 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study presents an ultra‐wideband, elliptical slot, planar monopole antenna for early breast cancer microwave imaging. The on‐body antenna's operation is optimised by direct contact with the patient's skin. With a compact size of 9 × 7 mm, the antenna covers a wide bandwidth from 16 to 24 GHz for reflection coefficients lower than –10 dB. Besides, it also features an electrode for electrical impedance tomography applications. Verification on a volunteer's breast gives an excellent agreement with the simulation for the defined bandwidth. Furthermore, as the first stage of the system's characterisation, pork fat is also used to demonstrate the possibility to enhance the transmission between the antennas within the high loss environment. Those results propose the feasibility of implementing a high‐frequency radar system for breast cancer detection.
Fault current limiting method based on virtual impedance for hybrid high‐voltage direct current with cascaded MMC inverters
Authors: Jiang Qin , Li Baohong , Liu Tianqi , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe hybrid high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) with cascaded multi‐infeed MMC inverters is proposed in recent years, and it will be put into reality in near future. But the commutation failure of the line‐commutated converter (LCC) inverter will make the whole HVDC system to be blocked because the DC fault current could reach beyond the safety region of the MMC inverter. To solve such problem, this letter proposes a novel fault current limiting method based on the LCC control strategy, namely, the virtual impedance method. Such method can limit the fault current effectively and need no extra devices, which can avoid the block of the whole HVDC system on one side, and save the cost of the construction on the other side. The theoretical analysis shows that the proposed method can improve the high‐frequency characteristic of the DC system and realise the fault current limitation effect. The simulations validate the analysis finally.
Fault diagnosis of power transistors in a power converter of SRM drive based on a state inverse solution
Authors: Liu Yongzhi , Wang Rongji 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSwitched reluctance motor drives are a common technology used in traction motor drives. Herein, an online method is proposed for the fault diagnosis of power transistors in the popular asymmetric half‐bridge power converter of the SRM drive. Based on the rearrangement of three current sensors, each phase current was first calculated by solving equations associated with their detected values and the drive signals of the transistors. The faults in the transistors were then preliminarily detected by monitoring the error between the calculated sum of currents and the sum of actual phase currents detected by a current sensor. Once a fault was identified, the actual states of all transistors of the power converter were solved for inversely using a mathematical model and the necessary rule for a trade‐off. Then, the faulty transistors and the fault types were identified by comparing the actual states with the drive signals. Compared with prevalent methods, the diagnostic range of the proposed scheme was wider, and its control modes and the number of motor phases were not limited. A higher accuracy than currently available methods was its prominent advantage. The effectiveness of the proposed solution was also validated on a three‐phase 6/4 SRM drive.
Ultrasensitive immunosensor for detecting CEA based on double amplified signal of graphene loaded CoFe2O4/Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wu Mei , Zhao Chulei , Liao Xiaochen , Zhang Mengmeng , Mei Lisha , Qiao XiuWen , Hong Chenglin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUsing Ag‐CoFe2O4‐GO nanocomposite as biosensor interface, a novel unlabelled electrochemical immunosensor was designed to detect tumour marker carcinoembryonic antigen. Here, Ag‐CoFe2O4‐GO was synthesized by one‐pot method as an immunological probe. They have the following advantages: (1) Silver nanoparticles have a strong redox capacity under applied voltage and good biocompatibility, so they can bind more antibodies; (2) GO has a large specific surface area, which can load more Ag NPs and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, and has excellent conductivity; (3) CoFe2O4 is widely favoured by researchers due to its advantages such as low production cost and simple preparation process, The prepared Ag‐CoFe2O4‐GO nanocomposite can amplify the electrochemical signal; (4) The presence of GO can effectively prevent the agglomeration of Ag NPs nanoparticles and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, promote the formation of electron transfer network, and contribute to the electron transfer of sensors. Under optimal condition, the current signal and the concentration of carcinoembryonic antigen were linear in the range of 1 pg mL < sp > −1 < /sp > ∼ 80 ng mL < sp > −1 < /sp , > and the detection limit was 0.3 pg mL < sp > −1 < /sp > (S/N = 3). Under certain conditions, the manufactured immunosensor has good reproducibility, selectivity and excellent stability. Thus it has certain clinical value for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen.
Enhanced performance of mesoporous NiCo2S4 nanosheets fibre‐shaped electrode for supercapacitor
Authors: Qi Jiqiu , Wang Di , Zhang Zhiyi , Hu Rui , Sui Yanwei , He Yezeng , Meng Qingkun , Wei Fuxiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHere, mesoporous NiCo2S4 nanosheet fibre‐shaped electrode was prepared using Ni–Co layered double hydroxide (LDH) grown on nickel wire as precursor. NiCo2S4 nanosheet electrode displayed excellent electrochemical properties with specific capacitance of 1974.55 mF/cm2 at 2 mA/cm2 and 86.2% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles, which were far higher than those of Ni‐Co LDH precursor. Our work provides new strategy to improve the performance of LDH used for supercapacitor.