bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooption of polyalanine tract into a repressor domain in the mammalian transcription factor HoxA11
Authors: Lynch Vincent J. , Wagner Gunter P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn enduring problem in biology is explaining how novel functions of genes originated and how those functions diverge between species. Despite detailed studies on the functional evolution of a few proteins, the molecular mechanisms by which protein functions have evolved are almost entirely unknown. Here, we show that a polyalanine tract in the homeodomain transcription factor HoxA11 arose in the stem‐lineage of mammals and functions as an autonomous repressor module by physically interacting with the PAH domains of SIN3 proteins. These results suggest that long polyalanine tracts, which are common in transcription factors and often associated with disease, may tend to function as repressor domains and can contribute to the diversification of transcription factor functions despite the deleterious consequences of polyalanine tract expansion.
Immunopathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis by chewing the areca nut
Authors: Wang Liping , Tang Zhangui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive, scarring, and premalignant disease of the oral mucosa. Its pathogenic factors are complex and include chewing areca nuts or other spicy food items, nutrition, and genetic and immune factors. Recently, immune factors have become the focus of medical research, with increased attention being paid to the role of immune regulation in diseases, particularly tumors. OSF is accompanied by obvious changes in the immune microenvironment. The aim of this review is to discuss the potential relationship of OSF and areca nuts genetic with the immune system, including lymphocytes, macrophage, Langerhans cell, mast cell, and substances released by activated immune cells, to determine the pathogenesis and treatment of OSF from an immunologic viewpoint.
Pancreatobiliary Flow Dynamics: Association Between Bile and Pancreatic Juice Evaluated With Cine‐Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Using Spatially Selective Inversion Recovery Pulse
Authors: Higashi Mayumi , Tanabe Masahiro , Ihara Kenichiro , Iida Etsushi , Furukawa Matakazu , Okada Munemasa , Ito Katsuyoshi 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe physiological flow patterns and the reciprocal relationship between pancreatic juice and bile excretion dynamics have not been clearly elucidated by imaging.PurposeTo assess the physiological flow patterns of bile and pancreatic juice simultaneously in order to clarify the pancreatobiliary flow dynamics using cine‐dynamic magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) with a spatial selective inversion recovery (IR) pulse.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 85 patients with physiologically normal pancreatobiliary flow without ductal dilatation (normal group) and 19 patients with dilated pancreatic duct.Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T, fast spin echo sequence with IR pulse to nullify the signal of static pancreatic juice and bile.AssessmentThe frequency and secretion grade of the antegrade and reverse flow of the pancreatic juice and bile on cine‐dynamic MRCP were visually evaluated. Additionally, the reciprocal relationship between pancreatic juice and bile flow was evaluated based on its flow patterns.Statistical TestsSpearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis and the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used. P values of <0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.ResultsIn the normal group, the antegrade pancreatic juice flow and no bile flow pattern was most frequently observed (29%), followed by the no pancreatic juice flow and no bile flow pattern (23%), the antegrade pancreatic juice flow and antegrade bile flow pattern (22%), and the no pancreatic juice flow and reverse bile flow pattern (9%). The flow of the pancreatic juice and bile were synchronized with each other in 47%, while they were not in 53%. In the dilated pancreatic duct group, the mean secretion grade of the antegrade bile and pancreatic juice flow was significantly lower than in the normal group.Data ConclusionCine‐dynamic MRCP with a spatially selective IR pulse can visualize the variations of the physiological flow patterns of bile and pancreatic juice including 53% of unsynchronized patterns.Level of Evidence4Technical EfficacyStage 5
Feasibility of Velocity‐Selective Arterial Spin Labeling in Breast Cancer Patients for Noncontrast‐Enhanced Perfusion Imaging
Authors: Franklin Suzanne L. , Voormolen Nora , Bones Isabell K. , Korteweg Tijmen , Wasser Martin N. J. M. , Dankers Henrike G. , Cohen Daniele , van Stralen Marijn , Bos Clemens , van Osch Matthias J. P. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundDynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI is the most sensitive method for detection of breast cancer. However, due to high costs and retention of intravenously injected gadolinium‐based contrast agent, screening with DCE‐MRI is only recommended for patients who are at high risk for developing breast cancer. Thus, a noncontrast‐enhanced alternative to DCE is desirable.PurposeTo investigate whether velocity selective arterial spin labeling (VS‐ASL) can be used to identify increased perfusion and vascularity within breast lesions compared to surrounding tissue.Study TypeProspective.PopulationEight breast cancer patients.Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T; VS‐ASL with multislice single‐shot gradient‐echo echo‐planar‐imaging readout.AssessmentVS‐ASL scans were independently assessed by three radiologists, with 3–25 years of experience in breast radiology. Scans were scored on lesion visibility and artifacts, based on a 3‐point Likert scale. A score of 1 corresponded to “lesions being distinguishable from background” (lesion visibility), and “no or few artifacts visible, artifacts can be distinguished from blood signal” (artifact score). A distinction was made between mass and nonmass lesions (based on BI‐RADS lexicon), as assessed in the standard clinical exam.Statistical TestsIntra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC) for interobserver agreement.ResultsThe ICC was 0.77 for lesion visibility and 0.84 for the artifact score. Overall, mass lesions had a mean score of 1.27 on lesion visibility and 1.53 on the artifact score. Nonmass lesions had a mean score of 2.11 on lesion visibility and 2.11 on the artifact score.Data ConclusionWe have demonstrated the technical feasibility of bilateral whole‐breast perfusion imaging using VS‐ASL in breast cancer patients.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 1
Effect ofDRD4Receptor −616 C/G Polymorphism on ThalamicGABALevels in Pediatric Patients With Primary Nocturnal Enuresis
Authors: Sun Hongbin , You Yi , Xue Bing , Xiao Shanshan , Lu Yao , Ma Hongwei , Hou Yang , Yu Bing , Pan Xin 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) promoter (−616; rs747302) is associated with abnormalities of the thalamus in children suffering from primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE).PurposeTo investigate the effect of DRD4 −616 C/G SNP on thalamic gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in PNE children.Study TypeProspective, observational.SubjectsOne hundred and seventy‐six children with PNE and 161 healthy control children.Field Strength/Sequence3 T, three‐dimensional T1‐weighted turbo field echo sequence and MEscher–Garwood Point RESolved Spectroscopy (MEGA‐PRESS) MRS sequence.AssessmentThe MEGA‐PRESS MRS sequence was used to measure thalamic GABA spectra. The thalamic GABA+ level was calculated using the Gannet 3.0 software package for each participant. A questionnaire was used to determine arousal from sleep (AS) scores.Statistical TestsComparisons of the AS scores and thalamic GABA+ levels were performed using the Mann–WhitneyUtest between C‐allele carriers and GG homozygotes in the PNE and control groups. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to determine the association between AS scores and thalamic GABA levels in PNE children.ResultsThalamic GABA levels in the PNE group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (0.178 (0.169–0.186) vs. 0.154 (0.146–0.164),Z = 8.526,Pcorrected < 0.001). The GABA levels in C‐allele carriers were significantly higher than those in GG homozygotes in both the PNE and control groups (0.184 (0.181–0.193) vs. 0.170 (0.165–0.177),Z = 8.683,Pcorrected < 0.001; 0.166 (0.156–0.170) vs. 0.147 (0.141–0.152),Z = 9.445,Pcorrected < 0.001). GABA levels in the thalamus were also significantly and positively correlated with AS scores in C‐allele carriers in the PNE group (r = 0.747,P < 0.05).Data ConclusionDRD4 −616 C allele may be associated with increased thalamic GABA+ levels, especially in C‐allele carrying PNE children.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage3
Inhibitory effect of roflumilast on experimental periodontitis
Authors: Liu Qifan , Sun Yue , Chen Danying , Chen Kaidi , Huang Baoxin , Chen Zhuofan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPhosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4) has been identified as a valid therapeutic target in several inflammatory diseases. In this study, we assessed PDE4 in gingival tissue from patients with chronic periodontitis and evaluated the therapeutic effects of the PDE4 inhibitor, roflumilast, in an experimental rat model of periodontitis.MethodsGingival tissue specimens from 20 healthy subjects and 20 patients with periodontitis were collected, and the mRNA expression levels of PDE4, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐6 were assessed. Ninety rats were divided randomly into three groups (30 per group): non‐ligature group, ligature‐induced periodontitis group (L), and ligature‐induced periodontitis with roflumilast administered group (5 mg/kg/d) (L+R). Rats were euthanized on days 3, 8, and 14. Alveolar bone resorption was analyzed using microcomputed tomography. Inflammation and osteoclast number were analyzed histologically. Finally, the mRNA expression levels of PDE‐4, IL‐1β, IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) were assessed in the rat gingival tissue.ResultsThe mRNA expression levels of PDE4, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 in the gingiva were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis compared with healthy individuals (P <0.05). Alveolar bone loss, degree of inflammation, number of TRAP‐positive multinucleated osteoclasts, and mRNA expression levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, NF‐κB, and PDE4 in the L+R group were significantly lower than those in the L group (P <0.05).ConclusionsPDE4 expression was increased in the gingiva of patients with periodontitis. Roflumilast may decrease alveolar bone loss and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis.
Noninvasive identification of turmeric and saffron dyes in proteinaceous textile fibres using Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
Authors: Quintero Balbas Diego , Lanterna Giancarlo , Cirrincione Claudia , Ricci Marilena , Becucci Maurizio , Fontana Raffaella , Striova Jana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe used Raman spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis to study noninvasively naturally and artificially aged samples of silk and wool fibres dyed with turmeric and saffron dyes, following historical recipes. The Raman spectra obtained from all the samples using the two excitation lasers (785 and 1064 nm) showed the characteristic peaks of each dye and fibre. The 1064‐nm macro FT‐Raman offered more information regarding the degradation of the fibre substrate, whereas the μ‐Raman at 785‐nm spectra proved more suitable in the identification of dye characteristic peaks. We also performed colorimetric measurements to evaluate the colour change upon artificial ageing and compared them with the information obtained with Raman spectroscopy. The results suggest saffron has a higher lightfastness than turmeric and that silk fibres suffer higher fading and more evident degradation than wool. Raman spectroscopy informs about the chemical composition of the colourants and fibres and their changes upon ageing without sample pretreatment. Finally, we analysed a historical wool sample coming from a 19th‐century Persian carpet, and we identified turmeric.
Intergenerational Transmission of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Australian Vietnam Veterans’ Daughters and Sons: The Effect of Family Emotional Climate While Growing Up
Authors: O'Toole Brian I. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans increases the risk of PTSD in their offspring, a concept known as “intergenerational transmission;” however, the mechanism by which this transmission may occur is, as yet, undetermined. The present study included a nonclinical sample of 197 Australian Army veterans of the Vietnam War who were interviewed 17 years before in‐person interviews of their adult daughters (n = 163) and sons (n = 120) were conducted. Veterans’ PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Mississippi Scale for Combat‐Related PTSD. Approximately 17 years later, offspring PTSD symptoms were assessed using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale for DSM‐IV. In addition, offspring described the family emotional climate during their youth; responses were coded using the Family Affective Attitude Rating Scale (FAARS) to produce scale scores of veterans’ negative, positive, and family relationship styles. A path analysis was conducted via structural equation modeling to test for significant path coefficients between veteran PTSD, family emotional climate, and offspring PTSD symptoms. For daughters, significant path coefficients were observed between veteran PTSD scores and FAARS scores, path coefficient = ‐.268; FAARS scores and offspring CAPS severity scores, path coefficient = ‐.223; and veteran PTSD scores and daughters’ CAPS severity scores, path coefficient = .186. No satisfactory model could be found for sons. The results suggest that a positive emotional climate while growing up may be a significant protective factor against the development of PTSD in veterans’ daughters, but other factors remain significant in veteran‐to‐offspring intergenerational transmission.
Factors Associated With Unanticipated Admission After Outpatient Endoscopic Sinonasal Surgery
Authors: Omiunu Ariel , Barinsky Gregory L. , Fang Christina H. , Grube Jordon G. , Hsueh Wayne D. , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: June 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo identify factors that may increase the risk of unplanned admission following elective outpatient endoscopic sinonasal surgery (ESS).Study DesignRetrospective analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP).MethodsAll cases of ESS were extracted from the 2010 to 2018 NSQIP database using Current Procedural Terminology codes. Only cases coded as outpatient, elective, and nonemergent procedures were included. Unplanned admissions were defined as cases with a total hospital stay of 1 day or more. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify variables that independently predicted unanticipated admission.ResultsA total of 971 cases met inclusion criteria, of which 274 (28.2%) were unanticipated admissions. Patients in the unplanned admission group were more likely to be older (46.8 vs. 41.1 years, P < .001), male (57.7% vs. 48.4%, P = .009), obese (54.8% vs. 43.8%, P = .003), and have hypertension (35.0% vs. 25.0%, P = .002). Unplanned admitted patients were also more likely to be included under American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification III‐IV (43.1% vs. 27.2%, P < .001). There were no significant differences in race, smoking, diabetes, or chronic steroid use. Unplanned admitted patients had a higher rate of surgical complications (2.9% vs. 1.0%, P = .041). Upon multivariate analysis, independent preoperative risk factors for unplanned admission included age (OR: 1.018, P = .002), male gender (OR: 1.415, P = .025), obesity (OR: 1.527, P = .008), and ASA III‐IV (OR 1.501, P = .018).ConclusionsFactors independently associated with unplanned admission following outpatient ESS were older age, male gender, obesity, and higher ASA. Identification of patients at risk may reduce unanticipated hospital admission after ESS.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:518–522, 2022
The prevalence and impact of special issues in communications journals 2015–2019
Authors: Repiso Rafael , Segarra‐Saavedra Jesús , Hidalgo‐Marí Tatiana , Tur‐Viñes Victoria 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article analyses special issues, also referred to as thematic issues, monographic issues, or supplements, a mode of scientific journal publishing that has rarely been studied. It presents a bibliometric analysis of the production of journals in the field of communication in the period 2015–2019 and studies the impact of the publication of special issues in this field. The sample analysed includes 21,458 articles and reviews, 524 special issues, 418 publishers, and 94 journals. The study considers the presence of special issues in communication journals and the distribution and number of papers published in them and compares the impact of papers published in this mode with papers published in regular issues. The results reveal that 19% of articles and reviews published in the period studied appeared in special issues, which generally contain the same number of articles as regular issues. Moreover, 75% of journals achieved a higher average impact factor with articles published in special issues than they did with articles in regular issues. It is concluded that the publication of special issues appears to offer the potential benefits of attracting submissions, increasing profits, and improving impact, although it also has disadvantages. A reflection is offered on the strengths and weaknesses of this publishing practice.
Supercritical Fluid‐Based Decellularization Technologies for Regenerative Medicine Applications
Authors: Kim Beom‐Seok , Kim Jeong‐Uk , So Kyoung‐Ha , Hwang Nathaniel S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSupercritical fluid‐based extraction technologies are currently being increasingly utilized in high purity extract products for food industries. In recent years, supercritical fluid‐based extraction technology is transformed in biomaterials process fields to be further utilized for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. In particular, supercritical fluid‐based decellularization protocols have great advantage over the conventional decellularization as it may allow preservation of extracellular matrix components and structures. In this review, the latest technological development utilizing the supercritical fluid‐based decellularization for regenerative medicine is introduced.
Localized corrosion of lean duplex stainless steels in H2S‐containing wet atmosphere from urban wastewater treatment units
Authors: Larché Nicolas , Emo Benoit , Thierry Dominique , Duquesnes Vincent , Mendibide Christophe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith lower alloying costs and higher mechanical properties, lean duplex stainless steels can be a good alternative to the more commonly used austenitic stainless steels. A study was initiated to define the limits of the use of lean duplex stainless steels for urban wastewater treatment (WWT) units. This paper gives and discusses the corrosion results in an aerated wet atmosphere containing H2S at different levels. Exposures were performed both at laboratory scale and in the field WWT plant for 1 year. A specific probe was also designed to study the corrosion process below water condensate film contaminated with H2S. Under such conditions, the properties of stainless steel were strongly modified with an enhanced risk of localized corrosion. The results obtained on lean duplex materials (UNS S32101, S32202, and S32304) are compared with austenitic UNS S30403 and UNS S31603 and with the more standard duplexes UNS S82441 and UNS S32205. The results show that lean duplexes can be used in aerated wet atmospheres in case of moderate contamination of H2S (<10 ppm) and chloride (<200 ppm). For higher contaminations (e.g., H2S around 100 ppm/chloride around 1000 ppm) the duplex S32205 should be preferred.
Effects of Cr addition on the glass‐forming ability and the corrosion behaviors of FeCBSiP amorphous alloys
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhou Shaoxiong , Li Zongzhen , Zhang Guangqiang , Zheng Wei , Hui Xidong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe corrosion behaviors of Fe83‐XC1B11Si2P3CrX (X = 0, 1, 2, and 3 at%) amorphous alloys in 0.1 M NaCl solution have been investigated by immersion and electrochemical tests. With the addition of Cr content from 0 to 3 at%, the corrosion rate of amorphous alloys gradually decreases from 2.57 × 10−1 to 1.04 × 10−1 mm·year−1. The minor addition of Cr improves the corrosion resistance through the increase in the Ecorr value, which makes it easy to reach a passive state and suppress pitting corrosion. The corroded morphology and products of amorphous alloys have been tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM/EDS analysis shows that the high corrosion resistance is due to the formation of dense and stable chromium oxide during immersion in NaCl solutions.
Minimum‐cost flow problems having arc‐activation costs
Authors: Curry Robert M. , Smith J. Cole 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTime‐dependent network applications, such as wireless sensor network and infrastructure optimization settings, may require dynamic flows to be transmitted according to a nonsimultaneous schedule of path‐flows. We study a dynamic network flow optimization problem considering the presence of activation costs required to begin transmitting flow on an arc. This problem can be modeled as a dynamic version of the minimum‐cost flow problem having arc‐activation costs (MCFA). The MCFA is related but not equivalent to the fixed‐charge network flow problem. We first discuss the relationship between these two problems, and show how MCFA is unique in the network flow literature. We present a mixed‐integer programming (MIP) model along with a series of symmetry‐breaking inequalities for solving the MCFA. As an alternative, we employ a relaxation‐based algorithm that iteratively obtains upper and lower bounds via the solution of a series of smaller, more tractable MIPs. We show that this algorithm finitely terminates with an optimal MCFA solution. Finally, computational results demonstrate the efficacy of our approach compared to solving a MIP using a state‐of‐the‐art commercial solver.
How we coordinate care for uninsured children with nonmalignant hematologic disorders
Authors: Cooper Sarah Hall , Phipps Erin Jane , Lawson DeAuntae , Meier Emily Riehm 
Published: June 2021

AbstractProviding medical care for uninsured children with nonmalignant hematologic diagnoses presents unique challenges to medical providers and multidisciplinary staff. Financial and psychosocial stressors can hinder optimal care of the uninsured child. Maximizing coverage of medical costs through patient enrollment in state and charity care programs and capitalizing upon community partnerships can help providers achieve comprehensive care for these children. Collaboration between primary care providers, subspecialists, and multidisciplinary teams can be optimized to facilitate provision of hematology care for uninsured children. We detail our experience in establishing these collaborations to improve access to subspecialty care for children with nonmalignant hematologic disorders.