bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestaltung und Integration erfahrungsbasierter Assistenzsysteme in der Stahlindustrie
Authors: Haase Tina , Dick Michael , Gerhardt Mareike , Termath Wilhelm , Nakhosteen Benjamin , Werkhausen Marie , Wellmann Wilhelm , Tenbergen Kevin , Holtmann Michael , Tse Kok-Zin , Berens Tobias , Kolbe Georg , Wischniewski Sascha , Mehler Lisa , Kirschbaum Thomas 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Einführung von digitalen Assistenzsystemen erfordert eine Verschränkung auf den Ebenen Mensch-Technik-Organisation. Im Rahmen des Beitrages werden entlang der Anwendungsszenarien aus dem Projekt StahlAssist die entwickelten Lösungen sowie Forschungsergebnisse zusammengefasst und reflektiert. Die Gestaltungs- und Einführungsprozesse trafen bei den Anwendungspartnern unter anderem auf heterogene Rahmenbedingungen sowie Voraussetzungen, die insbesondere für die erfolgreiche Integration neuer Methoden und Technologien wertvolle Erkenntnisse liefern.
Effective field theory analysis of dark matter-standard model interactions with spin one mediators
Authors: Fortuna Fabiola , Roig Pablo , Wudka José 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We analyze interactions between dark matter and standard model particles with spin one mediators in an effective field theory framework. In this paper, we are considering dark particles masses in the range from a few MeV to the mass of the Z boson. We use bounds from different experiments: Z invisible decay width, relic density, direct detection experiments, and indirect detection limits from the search of gamma-ray emissions and positron fluxes. We obtain solutions corresponding to operators with antisymmetric tensor mediators that fulfill all those requirements within our approach.
Functional prescription for EFT matching
Authors: Cohen Timothy , Lu Xiaochuan , Zhang Zhengkang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe simplify the one-loop functional matching formalism to develop a streamlined prescription. The functional approach is conceptually appealing: all calculations are performed within the UV theory at the matching scale, and no prior determination of an Effective Field Theory (EFT) operator basis is required. Our prescription accommodates any relativistic UV theory that contains generic interactions (including derivative couplings) among scalar, fermion, and vector fields. As an example application, we match the singlet scalar extended Standard Model (SM) onto SMEFT.
Thermodynamically stable asymptotically flat hairy black holes with a dilaton potential: the general case
Authors: Astefanesei Dumitru , Blázquez-Salcedo Jose Luis , Gómez Francisco , Rojas Raúl 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We extend the analysis, initiated in [1], of the thermodynamic stability of four-dimensional asymptotically flat hairy black holes by considering a general class of exact solutions in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory with a non-trivial dilaton potential. We find that, regardless of the values of the parameters of the theory, there always exists a sub-class of hairy black holes that are thermodynamically stable and have the extremal limit well defined. This generic feature that makes the equilibrium configurations locally stable should be related to the properties of the dilaton potential that is decaying towards the spatial infinity, but behaves as a box close to the horizon. We prove that these thermodynamically stable solutions are also dynamically stable under spherically symmetric perturbations.
Blei im Trinkwasser – ein altes Problem, eine neue EU-Richtlinie
Authors: Döhla Manuel , Jaensch Andreas , Döhla Christin , Voigt Alexander , Exner Martin , Färber Harald 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Bleirohre wurden lange Zeit in Trinkwasserinstallationen verbaut, erst seit 1973 wird von ihrer Verwendung in Neubauten dringend abgeraten; dennoch finden sie sich noch in alten Gebäuden. Bleihaltige Legierungen werden daneben bis heute in Bauteilen wie Armaturen verwendet. So resultiert eine vermeidbare Belastung des Trinkwassers. Die gesundheitliche Bedeutung dieser Belastung wird mit einer Senkung des derzeit geltenden Grenzwertes von 10 µg/l auf 5 µg/l durch die 2020 verabschiedete neue EU-Trinkwasserrichtlinie gewürdigt. Diese sieht eine Übergangsfrist von 15 Jahren vor.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Relevanz eines strengeren Grenzwertes für Blei im Trinkwasser soll anhand der Ergebnisse von Routineanalysen bewertet werden sowie notwendige Public-Health-Maßnahmen zur Expositionsprophylaxe vulnerabler Gruppen sollen formuliert werden.

Material und Methoden
Es wurde eine retrospektive Analyse von Routineproben aus der Stadt Bonn durchgeführt, die ein akkreditiertes Trinkwasserlabor in den Jahren 1997–2019 untersucht hatte.

Ergebnisse
Es konnten 16.060 Proben analysiert werden. 75,36 % dieser Proben waren unterhalb der quantitativen Bestimmungsgrenze. Der Median der quantifizierbaren Proben lag in jedem betrachteten Jahr oberhalb des zukünftigen Grenzwertes für Blei im Trinkwasser. Es konnte kein Effekt der letzten Übergangsfrist von 10 Jahren (2003–2013) festgestellt werden.

Diskussion
Auch wenn keine systematischen Untersuchungen zur Bleibelastung in deutschen Kommunen vorliegen, ist die Thematik von hoher Aktualität. Bleiexposition durch Trinkwasserinstallationen ist ein vollständig vermeidbares Gesundheitsrisiko, dass jedoch nur bei konsequenter Durchsetzung der geltenden Regeln durch die Gesundheitsbehörden reguliert werden kann. Diese sind hierzu personell, materiell und finanziell ausreichend auszustatten.
Cyberknife® hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (CK-hSRS) as salvage treatment for brain metastases
Authors: Telentschak Sergej , Ruess Daniel , Grau Stefan , Goldbrunner Roland , von Spreckelsen Niklas , Jablonska Karolina , Treuer Harald , Kocher Martin , Ruge Maximilian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The introduction of hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (hSRS) extended the treatment modalities beyond the well-established single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy. Here, we report the efficacy and side effects of hSRS using Cyberknife® (CK-hSRS) for the treatment of patients with critical brain metastases (BM) and a very poor prognosis. We discuss our experience in light of current literature.

Methods
All patients who underwent CK-hSRS over 3 years were retrospectively included. We applied a surface dose of 27 Gy in 3 fractions. Rates of local control (LC), systemic progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan–Meier method. Treatment-related complications were rated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).

Results
We analyzed 34 patients with 75 BM. 53% of the patients had a large tumor, tumor location was eloquent in 32%, and deep seated in 15%. 36% of tumors were recurrent after previous irradiation. The median Karnofsky Performance Status was 65%.
The actuarial rates of LC at 3, 6, and 12 months were 98%, 98%, and 78.6%, respectively.
Three, 6, and 12 months PFS was 38%, 32%, and 15%, and OS was 65%, 47%, and 28%, respectively. Median OS was significantly associated with higher KPS, which was the only significant factor for survival. Complications CTCAE grade 1–3 were observed in 12%.

Conclusion
Our radiation schedule showed a reasonable treatment effectiveness and tolerance. Representing an optimal salvage treatment for critical BM in patients with a very poor prognosis and clinical performance state, CK-hSRS may close the gap between surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, conventional radiotherapy, and palliative care.
Safety, efficacy, and acceptability of ADV7103 during 24 months of treatment: an open-label study in pediatric and adult patients with distal renal tubular acidosis
Authors: Bertholet-Thomas Aurélia , Guittet Catherine , Manso-Silván Maria A. , Joukoff Sophie , Navas-Serrano Victor , Baudouin Véronique , Cailliez Mathilde , Di Maio Massimo , Gillion-Boyer Olivia , Golubovic Emilija , Harambat Jérôme , Knebelmann Bertrand , Nobili François , Novo Robert , Podracka Ludmila , Roussey-Kesler Gwenaëlle , Granier Luc-André 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundA new prolonged-release formulation of potassium citrate and potassium bicarbonate, ADV7103, has been shown to improve metabolic control, palatability, and gastrointestinal safety in patients with distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) when compared to standard of care (SoC) treatments. The present work evaluates safety and efficacy of ADV7103 during 24 months.MethodsThirty pediatric and adult patients were included in an open-label extension study after a phase II/III trial. Safety and tolerability were assessed. Plasma bicarbonate and potassium levels, as well as urine parameters, were evaluated over time. Acceptability, adherence, and quality of life were also assessed. The evolution of clinical consequences of dRTA in the cohort was explored.ResultsThere were 104 adverse events (AEs) reported, but only 9 gastrointestinal events observed in five patients (17%) were considered to be related to ADV7103 treatment. There were no AEs leading to treatment discontinuation. Plasma bicarbonate and potassium levels were in the normal ranges at the different visits, respectively, in 69–86% and 83–93% of patients. Overall adherence rates were ≥ 75% throughout the whole study in 79% patients. An average improvement of quality of life of 89% was reported at 24 months of study.ConclusionsCommon AEs concerned metabolism and gastrointestinal disorders; the former being related to the disease. Less than half of the gastrointestinal AEs were related to ADV7103 treatment and they were mostly mild in severity. Metabolic parameters were maintained in the normal ranges in most patients. Patient satisfaction was high and adherence to treatment was good and remained stable.Trial registration numberRegistered as EudraCT 2013-003828-36 on the 3rd of September 2013.Graphical Abstract
Funnel control of nonlinear systems
Authors: Berger Thomas , Ilchmann Achim , Ryan Eugene P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTracking of reference signals is addressed in the context of a class of nonlinear controlled systems modelled byr-th-order functional differential equations, encompassinginter aliasystems with unknown “control direction” and dead-zone input effects. A control structure is developed which ensures that, for every member of the underlying system class and every admissible reference signal, the tracking error evolves in a prescribed funnel chosen to reflect transient and asymptotic accuracy objectives. Two fundamental properties underpin the system class: bounded-input bounded-output stable internal dynamics, and a high-gain property (an antecedent of which is the concept of sign-definite high-frequency gain in the context of linear systems).
A comparative study of dentinal tubule penetration and the retreatability of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow, iRoot SP, and AH Plus with different obturation techniques
Authors: Yang Ruiqi , Tian Jun , Huang Xiangya , Lei Shuxiang , Cai Yanling , Xu Zhezhen , Wei Xi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate dentinal tubule penetration and the retreatability of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow (HiFlow), iRoot SP, and AH Plus when using the single-cone (SC) or continuous wave condensation (CWC) technique.

Materials and methods
Sixty-five single-rooted teeth were instrumented and randomly divided into 5 groups: group 1, AH Plus/CWC; group 2, iRoot SP/CWC; group 3, iRoot SP/SC; group 4, HiFlow/CWC; and group 5, HiFlow/SC. The ability to re-establish patency during endodontic retreatment was recorded, as was the time taken to reach the working length. Dentinal tubule penetration and remaining debris after retreatment were evaluated by confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test (α = 0.05).

Results
The HiFlow/CWC and iRoot SP/CWC groups required more time to reach the working length than groups that underwent the SC technique regardless of the sealer used (P < .05). The HiFlow/CWC group showed a significantly higher percentage of sealer penetration area than that of the iRoot SP/SC at 4 mm from the apex (P < .05) and penetrated deeper into dentinal tubules than iRoot SP/SC at both 8-mm and 12-mm levels (P < .05). Moreover, the HiFlow/CWC and HiFlow/SC groups demonstrated less remaining sealer along the canal wall than AH Plus/CWC group at 4-mm level (P < .05).

Conclusions
HiFlow/CWC technique showed better performance in dentinal tubule penetration than that of iRoot SP/SC. Both HiFlow and iRoot SP combined with CWC technique groups required more retreatment time than the other groups. Furthermore, using HiFlow with either the CWC or SC technique left less remaining sealer at 4-mm level than using AH Plus with the CWC technique during retreatment.

Clinical relevance
With favorable performance in dentinal tubule penetration and retreatability in endodontic retreatment, the combined use of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow with the recommended continuous wave condensation technique may be a worthwhile choice in root canal treatment.
Central venous pressure swing outperforms diaphragm ultrasound as a measure of inspiratory effort during pressure support ventilation in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Lassola Sergio , Miori Sara , Sanna Andrea , Cucino Alberto , Magnoni Sandra , Umbrello Michele 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19-related shortage of ICU beds magnified the need of tools to properly titrate the ventilator assistance. We investigated whether bedside-available indices such as the ultrasonographic changes in diaphragm thickening ratio (TR) and the tidal swing in central venous pressure (ΔCVP) are reliable estimates of inspiratory effort, assessed as the tidal swing in esophageal pressure (ΔPes).

Methods
Prospective, observational clinical investigation in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care Hospital. Fourteen critically-ill patients were enrolled (age 64 ± 7 years, BMI 29 ± 4 kg/m2), after 6 [3; 9] days from onset of assisted ventilation. A three-level pressure support trial was performed, at 10 (PS10), 5 (PS5) and 0 cmH2O (PS0). In each step, the esophageal and central venous pressure tidal swing were recorded, as well as diaphragm ultrasound.

Results
The reduction of pressure support was associated with an increased respiratory rate and a reduced tidal volume, while minute ventilation was unchanged. ΔPes significantly increased with reducing support (5 [3; 8] vs. 8 [14; 13] vs. 12 [6; 16] cmH2O, p < 0.0001), as did the diaphragm TR (9.2 ± 6.1 vs. 17.6 ± 7.2 vs. 28.0 ± 10.0%, p < 0.0001) and the ΔCVP (4 [3; 7] vs. 8 [5; 9] vs. 10 [7; 11] cmH2O, p < 0.0001). ΔCVP was significantly associated with ΔPes (R2 = 0.810, p < 0.001), as was diaphragm TR, albeit with a lower coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.399, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
In patients with COVID-19-associated respiratory failure undergoing assisted mechanical ventilation, ΔCVP is a better estimate of inspiratory effort than diaphragm ultrasound.
A theoretical analysis of the value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC)
Authors: Marzo Giuseppe 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper offers a critical assessment of the value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) through the analysis of the coherence of the definitions of and semantic relationships among the theoretical constructs at the heart of the model. Some of the criticisms detected here refer to inconsistencies of the VAIC with the most consolidated concepts developed by the Intellectual Capital (IC) literature as well as to the constructs internal to the model and generated by the misalignment of Pulic’s theoretical assumptions with the way they have been translated into the mathematical model. Other criticisms derive from the time mismatch in the relationship among the variables constituting the three ratios and from the ambiguous meanings of human capital efficiency and structural capital efficiency. Implications for both researchers and managers are discussed.
The current and potential role of community pharmacy in asset-based approaches to health and wellbeing: a qualitative study
Authors: Astbury Jayne , Schafheutle Ellen , Brown Jane , Cutts Christopher 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground Asset-based approaches seek to positively mobilise the strengths, capabilities, and resources of individuals and communities. To date, limited consideration has been given to the potential value of this approach in relation to community pharmacy practice, yet this is important and timely given community pharmacy’s expanding role and contribution to public health initiatives. Objectives This qualitative study aimed to explore the current and potential role of community pharmacy in asset-based approaches. Methods Fifteen semi-structured telephone interviews were undertaken with community pharmacists and project leads, and public health policy and strategic leads in the UK. Transcripts were analysed using simultaneous inductive open and deductive coding using an applied Theory of Change as an illustrative lens. Results The shift towards patient-facing roles in community pharmacy was felt to offer expanded relational opportunities to engage and collaborate with individuals, communities, and other stakeholders. However, only a small number of respondents described examples of systemic asset-based working within the pharmacy sector. The adoption of asset-based approaches was challenged or enabled by several factors including the availability of protected time/resources, workplace and organisational culture/values, strategic leadership, commissioning, and funding arrangements. Conclusions The study provides valuable insights into the potential for community pharmacy, a previously unconsidered sector, to further adopt and contribute to asset-based approaches and play a more central role in the improvement of public health and reduction of health inequalities.
Latent heterogeneity to evaluate the effect of human capital on world technology frontier
Authors: Mastromarco Camilla , Simar Léopold 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough human capital has been recognized as playing important role in spurring productivity growth, its empirical effect remains ambiguous due to the possibility of latent heterogeneity. To reveal the impact of this important driver of economic growth, we propose an alternative empirical methodology, robust frontier in non parametric location-scale models for accommodating simultaneously the problem of model specification uncertainty, latent heterogeneity and cross-section dependence in modelling technical efficiency. We estimate a nonparametric frontier model to define the world technology frontier of 40 countries over the period 1970–2007. Conditional versions of the frontier enables us to investigate the effect of external factors on the production process. One of these factors will allow to measure the openness of the economy of the country and the second will be this latent factor of heterogeneity linked to the absorptive capability and hence to human capital of the country. We have to adjust the methodology to take into account the panel structure of our data set, i.e., handling the time dimension and the cross-sectional dependence affecting the process. Our findings prove that human capital plays an important role in accelerating the technological catch-up (increase in the efficiency) but not on the technological changes (shifts in the frontier). This result seems to confirm the theoretical hypothesis that countries benefit from new technology (technological catch-up) only when they have the ability to exploit it, hence only when they have high level of absorptive capability.
Overexpression of the pitaya phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene (HpPEAMT) enhanced simulated drought stress in tobacco
Authors: Wang Ai-Hua , Yang Lan , Yao Xin-Zhuan , Wen Xiao-Peng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPhosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEAMTase) catalyzes the methylation of phosphoethanolamine to produce phosphocholine and plays an important role in the abiotic stress response. Although the PEAMT genes has been isolated from many species other than pitaya, its role in the drought stress response has not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we isolated a 1485 bp cDNA fragment of HpPEAMT from pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Phylogenetic analysis showed that, during its evolution, HpPEAMT has shown a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity with the orthologous genes in Chenopodiaceae species. To further investigate the function of HpPEAMT, we generated transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing HpPEAMT, and the transgenic plants accumulated significantly more glycine betaine (GB) than did the wild type (WT). Drought tolerance trials indicated that, compared with those of the wild-type (WT) plants, the roots of the transgenic plants showed higher drought tolerance ability and exhibited improved drought tolerance. Further analysis revealed that overexpression of HpPEAM in Nicotiana tabacum resulted in upregulation of transcript levels of GB biosynthesis-related genes (NiBADH, NiCMO and NiSDC) in the leaves. Furthermore, compared with the wild-type plants, the transgenic tobacco plants displayed a significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and higher activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) antioxidant enzymes under drought stress. Taken together, our results suggested that HpPEAMT enhanced the drought tolerance of transgenic tobacco.
Student Perspectives on Learning Experiences in a Higher Education Active Blended Learning Context
Authors: Armellini Alejandro , Teixeira Antunes Virgínia , Howe Robert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article focuses on university students’ perceptions of their learning and social experiences in the context of an institution-wide pedagogic shift to Active Blended Learning (ABL). It explores students’ perceived enablers and barriers to learning in the new environment. Thematic analysis was conducted on data collected through focus groups involving 60 students. Three key categories emerged: (1) learning experiences, (2) social experiences and (3) support provision. Findings suggest that quality learning experiences are necessary but not sufficient to provide a quality overall student experience. Tutors play a key role in both. Staff-student partnerships are central to promote learner engagement and a sense of belonging. Students value, above all, regular synchronous and asynchronous interaction with peers, tutors and content, enabled by sound pedagogic design and the appropriate deployment of digital technologies. Employability-focused activities that explicitly link theory and practice are regarded as an essential ingredient in learning and assessment. Students view support as a holistic term that integrates academic and pastoral aspects.
Designing learning environments to promote academic literacy in mathematics in multilingual secondary mathematics classrooms
Authors: Zahner William , Calleros Ernesto Daniel , Pelaez Kevin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEmerging multilingual students can develop the dimensions of Academic Literacy in Mathematics (ALM) in classroom discussions. But, there is a need for empirically-validated principles for fostering such discussions. This research used ALM as a framework to create a unit of instruction on linear rates of change for ninth grade mathematics in which multilingual students benefit from discussions. Project-specific design principles are presented along with qualitative analysis of classroom discussions from each phase of the project. The results illustrate how discussions in the redesigned lessons contributed to developing the interrelated dimensions of ALM among multilingual learners. The work concludes with a discussion of how the project-specific design principles can serve as a framework for fostering discussions in other multilingual secondary mathematics learning environments.