bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating indifference: Irish jobseekers’ experiences of welfare conditionality
Authors: Finn Philip 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper analyses the impact of the intensification of work-related conditionality on the lived experience of jobseekers in Ireland. Post-crisis Ireland has witnessed the emergence of a definitive policy trajectory which seeks to enable a lifelong attachment to the labour force through work-related conditionality buttressed by sanctions. This mode of governing unemployment attempts a restructuring of the caseworker–claimant relationship through increased engagement, claimant adherence to mandatory conditions, and surveillance underpinned by potential reduction, suspension or loss of benefit. The paper provides a qualitative investigation of the lived experience of this impact through a thematic analysis of forty-two interviews with jobseekers in a county in the east of Ireland. The focus on the agency of jobseekers illustrates a system based on superficial engagement in which conditionality primarily operates as bureaucratic formality. This is reflective of a systemic indifference to claimants’ needs and circumstances, producing a performance of feigned compliance in response.
Arguments for a post-pandemic Public Employment Eco System in Ireland
Authors: Murphy Mary P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The past was a different country, and the future will be different too. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought in its wake massive unemployment, shifting attention away from pre-pandemic labour market challenges. More labour market turbulence can be expected in the context of the fourth industrial revolution, digitalisation and automation, as well as climate-change-related transitions. In this context of such acute uncertainty, flexible, adaptable public employment institutions are a core requirement. Concerned with institution building, this paper explores how to maximise synergies in existing Public Employment Services (PES) while developing an ecosystem that can utilise all other available resources across public, private and not-for-profit national and local institutions. The political context for policy and institutional reform is a centralised, relatively small and open state which demonstrates some capacity to learn from previous crises and institutional reforms to tackle unemployment. The concept of a Strategic Action Field is used to deepen our understanding of the structure and agency dynamics underlying PES reform in the context of quasi-markets. A more systematic approach to institutional reform is needed that values a diversity of actors – this is visualised as a Public Employment Eco System (PEES) embedded in processes of network governance and collaborative innovation.
Effect of Diet Supplementation with Enterococcus Durans ED26E/7 and its Durancin ED26E/7 on Growth Performance, Caecal Enzymatic Activity, Jejunal Morphology and Meat Properties of Broiler Rabbits
Authors: Simonová Monika Pogány , Lauková Andrea , Chrastinová Ľubica , Kandričáková Anna , Ščerbová Jana , Formelová Zuzana , Chrenková Mária , Žitňan Rudolf , Miltko Renata , Bełżecki Grzegorz 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of Enterococcus durans ED26E/7 beneficial strain and its enterocin – durancin (Ent) ED26E/7 on selected parameters in rabbits: growth performance, caecal enzymatic activity, jejunal morphometry and meat physico-chemical characteristics. Seventytwo rabbits (aged five weeks, M91 meat line, both sexes) were divided into experimental groups E1 (E. durans ED26E/7 strain; dose 500 μL/animal/day, concentration 109 CFU/mL) and E2 (durancin EntED26E/7; dose 50 μL/animal/day, with activity 12 800 AU/mL) and control group (C). The additives were administered in drinking water for a period of 21 days. All animals remained in good health during the experiment. The highest body weight gain (increase by 1.5% compared to C) was noted in E1 group during ED26E/7 strain application (P<0.001). Both bioactive compounds positively influenced (reduced) the feed conversion ratio (P<0.001). The ED26E/7 strain and its EntED26E/7 application stimulated the activity of most enzymes tested in the caecum; only the amylolytic and inulolytic activity in E2 group decreased during durancin ED26E/7 addition. Both additives, but mainly the ED26E/7 strain, showed a tendency to improve the jejunal morhological parameters till the end of the experiment (day 42). The meat physico-chemical parameters were not negatively influenced by the application of E. durans ED26E/7 strain and its durancin ED26E/7. The diet supplementation with bacteriocinogenic and probiotic E. durans ED26E/7 strain and its EntED26E/7 may improve the growth performance, caecal enzymatic activity and jejunal morphometry of rabbits, without any negative effect on rabbit meat quality.
Gradually Increasing Vitamin E Dose Allows Increasing Dietary Polyunsaturation Level While Maintaining the Oxidation Status of Lipids and Proteins in Chicken Breast Muscle
Authors: Sałek Piotr , Konieczka Paweł , Przybylski Wiesław , Jaworska Danuta , Rosikiewicz Aleksandra , Olszewska Katarzyna , Montowska Magdalena , Szkopek Dominika , Kinsner Misza , Cieślak Adam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Feeding broilers diets high in n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) increases their incorporation into the meat but it may compromise meat quality due to oxidation of lipids and protein. Increased dietary vitamin E (vE) level downregulates this process, but its excessive level might exceed the physiological requirements for the maintenance of redox balance. This study investigated the sensory characteristics and oxidative status of meat from chickens fed diets supplemented with fish oil (FO) with or without gradually increasing doses of vE. The meat samples were obtained from a total of 27 female broilers of Ross 308 strain (9 birds per each of 3 dietary treatments), which were housed according to the standard management practice for commercial chicken houses over a period of 36 days. Chickens were fed diets containing 80 g/kg of supplemental fat, but the diets differed in fat composition; control diet (80 g/kg diet beef tallow as supplemental fat and a basal vE dose); 40 IU of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate; diet containing mixture of FO and beef tallow as supplemental fat (50:30 w/w g/kg diet) and a basal vE dose (E1), or diet (E2) as diet E1 but with gradually increasing vE dose (120/240 IU/kg diet fed between days 8–21 and days 22–36, respectively). The highest sensory quality and the lowest oxidative status of meat was found in the control chickens. FO decreased the sensory quality of the meat and increased lipid oxidation as well it had an impact on the lipid profile in muscle tissue (PUFA, n-3 ALA, EPA, DHA). Administration of a graded vE dose increased the sensory quality of the meat and did not limit lipid oxidation but maintained protein oxidation balance.
The Welfare Status of Hens in Different Housing Systems – A Review
Authors: Sosnówka-Czajka Ewa , Skomorucha Iwona , Herbut Eugeniusz 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The currently used poultry farming methods, which aim to maximise economic profit, are based on ever new technological solutions that improve flock management and increase bird performance. However, they do not always meet the natural needs of birds. Every housing method and technological solution currently in use is faced with some issues, such as social stress, adverse temperature/ humidity conditions, risk of zoonoses, and behavioural pathologies, which determine poultry performance and welfare. Disregard for animal welfare involves not only ethical but also practical aspects, because well-being and housing comfort translate into better weight gains, health and productivity of the birds. The studies reported here suggest that every production system, despite the many welfare-improving aspects, causes numerous behavioural, productivity and health abnormalities in laying hens. Therefore, further research is needed to identify various risk factors for the purpose of improving housing systems and increasing the welfare of hens.
Occurrence of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) in the Slovak Republic and its outbreaks during 1945–2020
Authors: Zúbrik Milan , Kunca Andrej , Kulfan Ján , Rell Slavomír , Nikolov Christo , Galko Juraj , Vakula Jozef , Gubka Andrej , Leontovyč Roman , Konôpka Bohdan , Lalík Michal , Longauerová Valéria , Sitková Zuzana , Liška Jan , Zach Peter , Barta Marek , Holuša Jaroslav 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The gypsy moth is one of the most serious pests in forests and fruit tree plantations over prevailing parts of the Northern Hemisphere. This work is based on a literature review, and presents history of gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L., observed in Slovak forests within the period 1945–2020. The life cycle, hosts, natural enemies, population dynamics of pests, impact of outbreaks on forests and different management methods used in the past are discussed. Since 1945, there were nine gypsy moth outbreaks in Slovakia. Between 1945 and 2020, a total of 155,034 ha of deciduous forests were touched with varying intensity, representing an average annual damage of 2,040 ha. The strongest outbreak culminated in 2004. Totally 51,479 ha were attacked in the period of 2000–2008. We have found outbreak periods that repeat with frequency of 7.8 ±2.2 years and the average outbreak phase lasts 3.1 ±1.1 years. The period between two subsequent outbreaks seems to be more or less constant and duration of the outbreak phase seems to be gradually shortened during the study period. Several factors influencing the gypsy moth population dynamics in Slovakia are discussed. The role of biological control by using entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga is described.
Filmoterapia i fototerapia – filmy i zdjęcia jako narzędzia w procesie terapeutycznym. Możliwości i limitacje terapeutycznych oddziaływań dzieła filmowego
Authors: Makowski Mariusz 
Published: May 2021

Tekst poświęcony jest ukazaniu kontekstu użycia narzędzi obrazowych w filmoterapii oraz w fototerapii. Jednocześnie podjęto próbę ulokowania tych form wspomagających terapię na szerszej mapie czynników leczących w psychoterapii. W dalszej części dokonano porównania filmoterapii oraz fototerapii. Wyszczególniono podobieństwa fotografii oraz dzieła filmowego, jak też odmienności w psychologicznym oddziaływaniu tych narzędzi. Dokonano również analizy krytycznej zastosowań filmoterapii w szerszym jej znaczeniu – m.in. przepisywania filmu na receptę, autoterapii, uruchamiania doświadczeń katarktycznych. Pokazano limitacje możliwości użycia filmu w terapii, jak też zależność jego potencjału od innych znaczących elementów procesu psychoterapeutycznego, takich jak kontrakt relacja terapeutyczna, motywacja i przymierze terapeutyczne. Podjęto też kwestie ryzyka podtrzymywania iluzji, iż film, jako wyizolowane doświadczenie, stosowany jako forma samoleczenia jest równoważny psychoterapii odbywającej się według reguł sztuki w gabinecie.Artykuł powstał przy finansowaniu przyznanym Wydziałowi Ekonomii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie ze środków przeznaczonych na podtrzymanie potencjału badawczego.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practice about bronchiectasis among general practitioners in four African cities
Authors: Ouedraogo Abdoul Risgou , Sanyu Ingvar , Nqwata Lamla , Amare Ermias , Gordon Stephen , Ardrey Jane , Mortimer Kevin , Meghji Jamilah 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
The survey was to determine Knowledge, attitude, and practices around bronchiectasis, as a starting point for the development of guidelines for care in African Countries.

Materials and Methods:
This survey was administered to non-specialist physicians in urban health centers in Burkina Faso, Uganda, South Africa, and Ethiopia. Data were anonymized and analyzed at an individual level by country and health-care setting.

Results:
A total of 388 participants were recruited from Ouagadougou (75/388, 19.3%), Kampala (85/388, 21.9%), Johannesburg (74/388, 19.3%), and Addis Ababa (154/388, 39.6%). Median age was 30 years, and 66% were male, with a median of 3-year medical experience. Knowledge about the definition, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of disease was good. However, guidelines for local practice were largely absent. Wide variation was reported in diagnostic and management practices. Physicians recognized the need for guidelines and further training.

Conclusion:
This study highlighted the lack of local guidelines for bronchiectasis care in these settings and marked variation in approaches to investigation, diagnosis, and management within and between sites. Context-appropriate guidelines for bronchiectasis care in Sub-Saharan Africa are needed. These must be informed by local epidemiology, should reflect locally available resources and comorbidities including tuberculosis-disease, and should be codeveloped with local practitioners.
Study of the dynamic natural forest groups of Lebanese rice Cedrus libani A. Richard in Syria
Authors: Abeer Ahmed Ibrahim Abeer Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study is to assess the dynamics of the forest stands of Cedrus libani A. Richard in its only natural area in Syria - Slenfeh and Jawbat Burghal. The spatial and temporal change of the natural stands of Cedrus libani during the period 1984-2011 and their health status during the period 1984-2014 were assessed using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A high-resolution satellite image was used in 2011 and 17 Landsat images Landsat various sensors; Landsat_4, 5 and 8 and the NDVI Index were used during 1984-2014, high-resolution Google Earth (2 m). The direction and amount of the NDVI index of the Cedrus libani samples studied during the years of study were determined using ANOVA in the SPSS. The results showed a clear decrease in the Cedrus libani area size in both study sites Slenfeh and Jawbat Burghal in 2011 compared to 1984. The results also revealed a signiﬁcant increase trend of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for natural stands of Cedrus libani in Slenfeh and Jawbat Burghal during 1984-2014, which reflects the good health status of the natural Cedar stands in Syria.
'A critical Analysis ' Grammarians' opinion on the use of "why ‘lama' for exception
Authors: Ahmed bin Mohamed Abdel Fattah Hussein Ahmed bin Mohamed Abdel Fattah Hussein 
Published: May 2021

This study intended to survey the grammarians' opinions toward sentenced used ‘lama’why' on the meaning of ‘ila’ " but " in signifying exception in favor of the opinions of grammarians and determining its significance. In addition, the study dealt with the different opinions of grammarians, and presented the evidences supported by El-Khalil and Sebaweh, which are adopted and approved by the majority of grammarians. The study introduced another opinion of grammarians which added another position where "‘lama’why " signifies exception supported by Quranic statements. The study showed the agreement and disagreement on those of second opinions. The study also presented other opinions regarding this issue. Some of these opinions agreed on the exception of "‘lama’why ", whereas other opinions neglected its significance. The study concluded that: 1- " ‘lama’why " is an article of exception, even if this significance was only in two positions according to the majority of grammarians. 2- The study showed that the appearance of "‘lama’why " meaning exception is not commonly used in Arabic speech.
Aesthetic Rhythm poetic image in the poems of Alhadirah Thubiani
Authors: Awwad Ahmad Aldandan Awwad Ahmad Aldandan 
Published: May 2021

This research aims to identify the phenomenon of rhythm in the poems of Alhadrh Thubiani, it has represented as a model of the poetry of Aljahilya poems, The study examined the occasional weights, psychological aspects, rhetorical and emotional colours, so that the researcher will focus on how to achieve rhythm in the poetic image, the research divided into sub-headings: biography shining, Alhadirah poems in the eyes of critics and scholars, reading in Alhadirah poems.
توسع البالون بالمنظار مقابل بضع العضلة العاصرة في حالات اليرقان الانسدادي الجليدي أثناء تصوير البنكرياس بالتصوير الوراثي بالمنظار
Authors: علام محمد عبد الرشيد عبد الخالق , ابراهيم لطفي عبدالستار , علام محمود عبد الرشيد عبد الخالق , الشبراوي هشام 
Published: May 2021

منذ ادخاله عام ١٩٦٨، أصبح منظار القنوات المرارية شائع الاستخدام و أصبح استخدامه في مجال التشخيص و العلاج لحالات حصوات القنوات المرارية وذلك باستخدام الشق المنظاري لعاصرة القناة المرارية واستخراج الحصوات بواسطة بالون أو سلة الاستخراج , و يعتبر الشق المنظاري لعاصرة القناة المرارية من أكثر الطرق شيوعا لعلاج حصوات القنوات المرارية ، و برغم التطور الذي طرأ علي هذا التقنية إلا أنه ما زال يواجه بعض التحديات. لقد تم إدخال التوسيع المنظاري بالبالونة لعاصرة القناة المرارية لأول مرة عام ١٩٨٣ و تم إعادة تقييمه مرة أخري ليكون بديلا للشق المنظاري بعدما ثبتت أهميته في عام ١٩٩٤ و لأن التوسيع المنظاري بالبالونة يعتمد علي توسيع عاصرة القناة المرارية و ليس القطع فإن نسبة حدوث النزف تعتبر ضئيلة جدا و لذا يمكن إستخدام التوسيع المنظاري بالبالونة بديلا للشق المنظاري في المرضي المصابين بإرتفاع السيولة في الدم دون زيادة في نسبة حدوث إلتهاب البنكرياس او النزف. الهدف من الدراسة: هو المقارنة بين كلا من التوسيع المنظاري بالبالونة و الشق المنظاري من حيث مدي نجاح كلا منهما في إزالة حصوات القنوات المرارية , مدي حدوث المضاعفات. خطوات الدراسة: أجريت الدراسة علي خمسين مريضا يعانون من حصوات القنوات المرارية و قد خضعوا لإجراء منظار القنوات المرارية في مستشفى الحسين الجامعى فى الفترة من أكتوبر 2015 حتى أبريل 2016 وتم تقسيم المرضي عشوائيا إلي مجموعتين هما المجموعة الأولي شملت خمس وعشرون مريضا تم إجراء الشق المنظاري لهم. والمجموعة الثانية و شملت خمس وعشرون مريضا تم إجراء التوسيع المنظاري بالبالونة لهم. وقد تم تقييم مدى نجاح كلا من الطريقتين فى استخراج الحصوات ومتابعة المضاعفات الوارد حدوثها أثناء وبعد عمل المنظار نتائج الدراسة : وقد تبين من هذه الدراسة تقارب معدلات نجاح كلا من الطريقتين لاستخراج الحصوات بما يعادل 88% من مرضى الشق المنظارى و 80% من مرضى التوسيع المنظارى بالبالون. كما وجدت من خلال هذه الدراسة تقارب معدلات المضاعفات فى كلا المجموعتين كما أثبتت الدراسة أنه أثناء إجراء المنظار يكون معدل حدوث النزيف فى حالات الشق المنظارى أكبر منه وذو دلالة أحصائية فى حالات التوسيع البالونى 64% مقابل 16%. وقد أثبتت هذه الدراسة حدوث نزيف بعد المنظار بمعدل أكبر وذات دلالة احصائية فى مرضى الشق المنظارى بنسبة 24% والتى تعد من أهم وأخطر المضاعفات التى قد تودى بحياة المرضى ، مقابل أن هذا الأمر لم يحدث فى مرضى مجموعة التوسيع بالبالون. وقد خلصت هذه الرسالة الى تساوى كلا من الشق المنظارى والتوسيع المنظارى بالبالون فيما يتعلق بمدى نجاح كلا من الطريقتين فى استخراج حصوات القنوات المرارية و كذلك نستنتج من هذه الدراسة، حدوث نزيف أثناء المنظار بمعدل أكبر أثناء الشق المنظارى ولذلك يفضل التوسيع المنظارى بالبالون عن الشق المنظارى أثناء أداء منظار القنوات المرارية لاستخراج حصوات القناة المرارية فى المرضى الذين يعانون من ارتفاع سيولة الدم كمرضى التليف الكبدى والمرضى المستخدمين لأدوية السيولة.
Misdiagnosed Frontal_Transethmoidal Meningoencephalocele : Case Report
Authors: Enas Hamed Al-Fattani, Tariq Abdulfattah Al-Jammal, Tariq Ah  
Published: May 2021

To enhance awareness of healthcare providers for any baby comes with persistence unilateral nasal obstruction, and take care for him. Methods: A report of rare case for a child presented with an internal nasal mass with maternal history of folic acid deficiency Results: The diagnosis of transethmoidal encephalocele was confirmed by a computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Craniotomy excision and duroplasty, assisted with endonasal endoscopic excision and repair of skull base defect by middle turbinate graft were done. Nasal tissue was taken for Histological examination which confirmed the diagnosis of an encephalocele within the nasal cavity. The patient had recovered with complete healing of grafts with no recurrence and follow up CT after 6 months was normal. Conclusion: The general physicians and pediatricians must put in consideration any baby with unilateral persistence nasal obstruction which can be frontal-transethmoidal meningocele +/- encephalocele . Taking folic acid or food rich of folate during pregnancy can help in reduction of neural tube defects prevalence. Radiological imaging (CT +/- MRI) study should be done for every Pediatric case presenting with an intranasal mass before any surgical intervention or an invasive intranasal procedure.
The Navigability Validation for Middle East E-governments Websites
Authors: Fatima A. Al-Alem Fatima A. Al-Alem 
Published: May 2021

The current study aimed to guarantee websites quality, we should evaluate them depending on certain criteria, this is to achieve the best service. This work aimed to build a platform to evaluate the navigability validation for some e-government websites. As a contribution to the field of websites evaluation, this study evaluates the quality of e-government portal website for 15 countries in the Middle East by using common automatic website evaluation tools. The proposed websites evaluation approach is conducted according to certain metrics based on five automatic website tools which are: Link checker, Xenu, page rank, Alexa, and TAW, those tools are freely available for evaluation purposes. The assessment of these websites helps their developers for improving them and following the quality principles. We tested accessibility, usability and page rank as three criteria of websites quality assessment. Our findings may improve some standards when building and developing Middle East E-government websites, finally, they presented some recommendations to avoid the weak points in these websites.
Designing an ESP- Syllabus Framework Based on Conducting of an Effective Target Situation Needs Analysis a Case Study of Abu Dhabi Police Traffic Officers
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Khairy  
Published: May 2021

This study aims at analyzing the target situation needs for Abu Dhabi Police traffic Staff to suggest an ESP- base syllabus framework. These needs will be employed to designs an ESP- Syllabus. A questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants, after analyzing the data collected, it was revealed that English language in general is of great importance to traffic police. Participants who were 50 police men working in traffic department ensured that some language functions should be included in the suggested ESP-based syllabus. In addition to some language sub-skills they rated as very important, furthermore, they questionnaire evaluated some language difficulties they may encounter while they perform their duties.
The negative impact of globalization on the religious, social and moral values of students of the Faculty of Education, University of Nyala, Sudan: الأثر السالب للعولمة على القيم الدينية والاجتماعية والأخلاقية لدى طلاب كلية التربية جامعة نيالاـ السودان
Authors: Mohamed Jibril Fadel Haroun - Abdel Qadeem Abd Allah Abdel R  
Published: May 2021

This study explored the negative impact of globalization on religious, social and moral values on students at the Faculty of Education, University of Nyala, Sudan The researchers adopted the descriptive, analytical and comparative methodologies to conduct this study, the study has arrived at important results that unveiled the negative impact on religious values at 77%. The study told the negative impact of globalization on social values on students at 70%, in addition to the effect on moral values at 82%. The most significant recommendations: Reducing of watching T.V hours, resorting to Qur’an and Sunni, as basic sources for good conduct, guarding the student’s behavior and not allowing them wasting their time watching T.V channels and films which deviate them from moral values.