bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Decision response of subway evacuation signs based on brain component features
Authors: Huang Yixin , Cao Dongmei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to safety issues when passengers get on and off the subway and spend a lot of time on the subway, this makes subway station signs very important. Moreover, in case of fire and other dangerous situations and emergency evacuation, the guiding signs must be able to guide passengers to leave the station and dangerous areas efficiently and orderly, so as to protect the personal and property safety of passengers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the decision response of subway evacuation signs using the characteristics of the brain components. In this study, subway model is constructed. When you perform simulation using software, you need to fine tune the parameters to get the best simulation effect. A questionnaire survey was made on the components of the subway sign. The results show that the number of people who think that the standard font of the blackboard logo is the most representative of the emergency exit, accounting for 78.2% of the total number of people, taking the image as the first choice accounted for 52.9% of the total number of people, and the green sulfur powder logo as the first choice accounted for 69.8% of the total number. This study makes an important contribution to the research of subway traffic safety problems.
Infralittoral ostracoda and benthic foraminifera of the Gulf of Pozzuoli (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy)
Authors: Aiello Giuseppe , Barra Diana , Parisi Roberta , Arienzo Michele , Donadio Carlo , Ferrara Luciano , Toscanesi Maria , Trifuoggi Marco 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe shallow water benthic foraminiferal and ostracod assemblages of the Gulf of Pozzuoli, located in the central Tyrrhenian Sea, were studied to investigate the relationship between calcareous meiofaunas and contaminant concentrations in bottom sediments exposed to prolonged industrial pollution. Both benthic foraminifers and ostracods displayed high-diversity and low-dominance, unusual features in highly contaminated environments. High-diversity values were possibly linked to the oligotrophic, well-oxygenated, and CaCO3-supersaturated coastal Mediterranean waters. The comparison with historical data suggested that assemblage composition changed in the last decades, with an increase in the relative abundance of benthic foraminiferal (Quinqueloculina seminulum, Bulimina elongata) and ostracod (Xestoleberis,Loxoconcha, Semicytherura rarecostata) taxa. They probably represent organisms tolerant to the environmental variations in the last decades. The relationships between granulometry and diversity indices, high correlation values betweenQuinqueloculina lataand heavy metal pollution, and the preference of the ostracod generaUrocythereisandParacytherideafor very shallow marine waters were highlighted.
A comparison of three methods for estimating call densities of migrating bowhead whales using passive acoustic monitoring
Authors: Oedekoven Cornelia S. , Marques Tiago A. , Harris Danielle , Thomas Len , Thode Aaron M. , Blackwell Susanna B. , Conrad Alexander S. , Kim Katherine H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVarious methods for estimating animal density from visual data, including distance sampling (DS) and spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR), have recently been adapted for estimating call density using passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) data, e.g., recordings of animal calls. Here we summarize three methods available for passive acoustic density estimation: plot sampling, DS, and SECR. The first two require distances from the sensors to calling animals (which are obtained by triangulating calls matched among sensors), but SECR only requires matching (not localizing) calls among sensors. We compare via simulation what biases can arise when assumptions underlying these methods are violated. We use insights gleaned from the simulation to compare the performance of the methods when applied to a case study: bowhead whale call data collected from arrays of directional acoustic sensors at five sites in the Beaufort Sea during the fall migration 2007–2014. Call detections were manually extracted from the recordings by human observers simultaneously scanning spectrograms of recordings from a given site. The large discrepancies between estimates derived using SECR and the other two methods were likely caused primarily by the manual detection procedure leading to non-independent detections among sensors, while errors in estimated distances between detected calls and sensors also contributed to the observed patterns. Our study is among the first to provide a direct comparison of the three methods applied to PAM data and highlights the importance that all assumptions of an analysis method need to be met for correct inference.
Exploring Information Systems Curricula
Authors: Föll Patrick , Thiesse Frédéric 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe study considers the application of text mining techniques to the analysis of curricula for study programs offered by institutions of higher education. It presents a novel procedure for efficient and scalable quantitative content analysis of module handbooks using topic modeling. The proposed approach allows for collecting, analyzing, evaluating, and comparing curricula from arbitrary academic disciplines as a partially automated, scalable alternative to qualitative content analysis, which is traditionally conducted manually. The procedure is illustrated by the example of IS study programs in Germany, based on a data set of more than 90 programs and 3700 distinct modules. The contributions made by the study address the needs of several different stakeholders and provide insights into the differences and similarities among the study programs examined. For example, the results may aid academic management in updating the IS curricula and can be incorporated into the curricular design process. With regard to employers, the results provide insights into the fulfillment of their employee skill expectations by various universities and degrees. Prospective students can incorporate the results into their decision concerning where and what to study, while university sponsors can utilize the results in their grant processes.
Latest Developments in the Management of Nut Allergies
Authors: Brough H. A. , Gourgey R. , Radulovic S. , Caubet J. C. , Lack G. , Anagnostou A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurpose of reviewIn this review, we sought to describe the most recent advances in the dietary and medical management of peanut and tree nut allergy, including selective introduction and immunotherapy.Recent findingsDietary updates include changes to labeling laws, improved information sources, and new apps for buying foods in shops and overseas to better protect individuals with nut allergies. There are still issues in the management of nut allergies in schools, such as parents having to resort to packed lunches instead of school meals and patients experiencing bullying. Air travel also poses concern, but additional resources are now available to travelers, and recent evidence suggest limited airborne exposure to nuts. The medical management of anaphylaxis is use of epinephrine; however, this remains underutilized. Needle length and administration devices have been recently debated considering the risk of bone penetration vs subcutaneous administration, and autoinjectors seem to deliver higher peak concentrations than syringes. Selective nut introduction has gained momentum in the last 5 years, demonstrating improved quality of life but with the need for motivated parents for continued consumption and available resources for challenges. Immunotherapy to nuts is also a rapidly developing field, with the balance of efficacy and safety being important considerations in the differing modes of administration.SummaryThe management of nut allergies is a rapidly developing field, and dietary and medical management have progressed significantly in the last 5 years. Future research directions include improving safety and efficacy of food immunotherapy and examining patients’ goals for therapy and treatment outcomes.
Multiscale friction model for hot sheet metal forming
Authors: Venema Jenny , Hazrati Javad , Atzema Eisso , Matthews David , van den Boogaard Ton 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe accurate description of friction is critical in the finite element (FE) simulation of the sheet metal forming process. Usually, friction is oversimplified through the use of a constant Coulomb friction coefficient. In this study, the application of an existing multiscale friction model is extended to the hot stamping process. The model accounts for the effects of tool and sheet metal surface topography as well as the evolution of contact pressure, temperature, and bulk strain during hot stamping. Normal load flattening and strip drawing experiments are performed to calibrate the model. The results show that the model can relatively well predict friction in strip draw experiments when the tool surface evolution due to wear is incorporated. Finally, the application of the formulated multiscale friction model was demonstrated in the FE simulation of a hot-stamped part.
Structural Engineering of Hierarchical Aerogels Comprised of Multi-dimensional Gradient Carbon Nanoarchitectures for Highly Efficient Microwave Absorption
Authors: Zhao Yongpeng , Zuo Xueqing , Guo Yuan , Huang Hui , Zhang Hao , Wang Ting , Wen Ningxuan , Chen Huan , Cong Tianze , Muhammad Javid , Yang Xuan , Wang Xinnan , Fan Zeng , Pan Lujun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecently, multilevel structural carbon aerogels are deemed as attractive candidates for microwave absorbing materials. Nevertheless, excessive stack and agglomeration for low-dimension carbon nanomaterials inducing impedance mismatch are significant challenges. Herein, the delicate “3D helix–2D sheet–1D fiber–0D dot” hierarchical aerogels have been successfully synthesized, for the first time, by sequential processes of hydrothermal self-assembly and in-situ chemical vapor deposition method. Particularly, the graphene sheets are uniformly intercalated by 3D helical carbon nanocoils, which give a feasible solution to the mentioned problem and endows the as-obtained aerogel with abundant porous structures and better dielectric properties. Moreover, by adjusting the content of 0D core–shell structured particles and the parameters for growth of the 1D carbon nanofibers, tunable electromagnetic properties and excellent impedance matching are achieved, which plays a vital role in the microwave absorption performance. As expected, the optimized aerogels harvest excellent performance, including broad effective bandwidth and strong reflection loss at low filling ratio and thin thickness. This work gives valuable guidance and inspiration for the design of hierarchical materials comprised of dimensional gradient structures, which holds great application potential for electromagnetic wave attenuation. "Image missing"
NULL SETS AND COMBINATORIAL COVERING PROPERTIES
Authors: SZEWCZAK PIOTR , WEISS TOMASZ 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA subset of the Cantor cube is null-additive if its algebraic sum with any null set is null. We construct a set of cardinality continuum such that: all continuous images of the set into the Cantor cube are null-additive, it contains a homeomorphic copy of a set that is not null-additive, and it has the property
$\unicode{x3b3} $
, a strong combinatorial covering property. We also construct a nontrivial subset of the Cantor cube with the property
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that is not null additive. Set-theoretic assumptions used in our constructions are far milder than used earlier by Galvin–Miller and Bartoszyński–Recław, to obtain sets with analogous properties. We also consider products of Sierpiński sets in the context of combinatorial covering properties.
The Great Mosque of Diyarbakir: a contribution to understanding the monumental development of a site from antiquity to the Arab conquest
Authors: Halifeoğlu Fatma Meral , Assénat Martine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLocated in a central position of both the ancient and the contemporary city, the site of the Great Mosque of Diyarbakir has been a unique stage for the expression of power over the centuries. As a result of restoration work carried out in the complex between 2012 and 2017, a number of elements have emerged that may shed new light on what has so far been suggested about this site by literary sources and field observations alone. This article offers a new study of the monumental development of this space and seeks to identify the main stages of its history from antiquity to the Arab conquest and the conversion of the area into a mosque complex.
The visual signature of non-understanding: A systematic replication of McDonough, Trofimovich, Lu, and Abashidze (2019)
Authors: McDonough Kim , Lindberg Rachael , Trofimovich Pavel , Tekin Oguzhan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis replication study seeks to extend the generalizability of an exploratory study (McDonough et al., 2019) that identified holds (i.e., temporary cessation of dynamic movement by the listener) as a reliable visual cue of non-understanding. Conversations between second language (L2) English speakers in the Corpus of English as a Lingua Franca Interaction (CELFI; McDonough & Trofimovich, 2019) with non-understanding episodes (e.g., pardon?, what?, sorry?) were sampled and compared with understanding episodes (i.e., follow-up questions). External raters (N = 90) assessed the listener's comprehension under three rating conditions: +face/+voice, −face/+voice, and +face/−voice. The association between non-understanding and holds in McDonough et al. (2019) was confirmed. Although raters distinguished reliably between understanding and non-understanding episodes, they were not sensitive to facial expressions when judging listener comprehension. The initial and replication findings suggest that holds remain a promising visual signature of non-understanding that can be explored in future theoretically- and pedagogically-oriented contexts.
REPRESENTATION VARIETIES OF ALGEBRAS WITH NODES
Authors: Kinser Ryan , Lőrincz András C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe study the behaviour of representation varieties of quivers with relations under the operation of node splitting. We show how splitting a node gives a correspondence between certain closed subvarieties of representation varieties for different algebras, which preserves properties like normality or having rational singularities. Furthermore, we describe how the defining equations of such closed subvarieties change under the correspondence.By working in the ‘relative setting’ (splitting one node at a time), we demonstrate that there are many nonhereditary algebras whose irreducible components of representation varieties are all normal with rational singularities. We also obtain explicit generators of the prime defining ideals of these irreducible components. This class contains all radical square zero algebras, but also many others, as illustrated by examples throughout the paper. We also show that this is true when irreducible components are replaced by orbit closures, for a more restrictive class of algebras. Lastly, we provide applications to decompositions of moduli spaces of semistable representations of certain algebras.
From hierarchies to markets and partially back again in electricity: responding to decarbonization and security of supply goals
Authors: Joskow Paul L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElectric power sectors around the world have changed dramatically in the last 25 years as a result of sector liberalization policies. Many electricity sectors are now pursuing deep decarbonization goals which will entail replacing dispatchable fossil generation primarily with intermittent renewable generation (wind and solar) over the next 20–30 years. This transition creates new challenges for both short-term wholesale market design and investment incentives consistent with achieving both decarbonization commitments and security of supply criteria. Thinking broadly about the options for institutional change from a Williamsonian perspective – thinking like Williamson – provides a useful framework for examining institutional adaptation. Hybrid markets that combine ‘competition for the market’ that relies on competitive procurement for long-term purchased power agreements with wind, solar, and storage developers, ideally in a technology neutral fashion, and ‘competition in the market’ that relies on short-term markets designed to produce efficient and reliable operations of intermittent generation and storage, is identified as a promising direction for institutional adaptation. Many auction, contract, and market integration issues remain to be resolved.
Influence of intrauterine growth status on aortic intima-media thickness and aortic diameter in near-term fetuses: a comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Akhter Zohaib , Nuruddin Rozina , Azam Iqbal , Malik Ayesha , Mohammed Nuruddin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntrauterine undernutrition may lead to fetal vascular programming. We compared abdominal aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) and aortic diameter (aD) between appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and growth-restricted fetuses (GRF). We recruited 136 singleton fetuses at 34–37 weeks of gestation from Fetal Medicine Unit of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi (January–November 2017). Subjects were classified as AGA (n = 102) and GRF (n = 34) using INTER-GROWTH 21st growth reference and standard ultrasound protocol. Their far- and near-wall aIMT and aD were compared after adjustment of maternal age, first-trimester body mass index, fetal gender, hypertension and hyperglycemia in pregnancy. As the severity of growth restriction increased in GRF, aIMT and aD showed an increasing and a decreasing trend, respectively. Both far- and near-wall aIMT in GRF [(adj. β = 0.082, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.042–0.123) and (adj. β = 0.049, 95% CI 0.010–0.089)] were significantly greater with reference to AGA fetuses. GRF subgroup analysis into small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) revealed highly significant difference between AGA and IUGR for far (0.142 mm, P-value < 0.001) and near-wall aIMT (0.115 mm, P-value < 0.001) and marginally significant aD difference (0.51 mm, P-value 0.05). These findings suggest that the extent of fetal aortic remodelling is influenced by the severity of growth restriction. Hence, the targeted interventions for the cardiovascular health promotion of IUGR and SGA born neonates are desirable during early childhood, particularly in set ups with high prevalence of low birth weight babies.
Movement of Sediment Through a Burned Landscape: Sediment Volume Observations and Model Comparisons in the San Gabriel Mountains, California, USA
Authors: Rengers F. K. , McGuire Luke A. , Kean Jason W. , Staley Dennis M. , Dobre Mariana , Robichaud Peter R. , Swetnam Tyson 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPost‐wildfire changes to hydrologic and geomorphic systems can lead to widespread sediment redistribution. Understanding how sediment moves through a watershed is crucial for assessing hazards, developing debris flow inundation models, engineering sediment retention solutions, and quantifying the role that disturbances play in landscape evolution. In this study, we used terrestrial and airborne lidar to measure sediment redistribution in the 2016 Fish Fire, in the San Gabriel Mountains in southern California, USA. The lidar areas are in two adjacent watersheds, at spatial scales of 900 m2 to 4 km2, respectively. Terrestrial lidar data were acquired prior to rainfall, and two subsequent surveys show erosional change after rainstorms. Two airborne lidar flights occurred (1) 7 months before, and (2) 14 months after the fire ignition, capturing the erosional effects after rainfall. We found hillslope erosion dominated the overall sediment budget in the first rainy season after wildfire. Only 7% of the total erosion came from the active channel bed and channel banks, and the remaining 93% of eroded sediment was derived from hillslopes. Within the channelized portion of the watershed erosion/deposition could be generally described with topographic metrics used in a stream power equation. Observed sediment volumes were compared with four empirical models and one process‐based model. We found that the best predictions of sediment volume were obtained from an empirical model developed in the same physiographic region. Moreover, this study showed that post‐wildfire erosion rates in the San Gabriel Mountains attain the same magnitude as millennial time scale bedrock erosion rates.
Online hate network spreads malicious COVID-19 content outside the control of individual social media platforms
Authors: Velásquez N. , Leahy R. , Restrepo N. Johnson , Lupu Y. , Sear R. , Gabriel N. , Jha O. K. , Goldberg B. , Johnson N. F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe show that malicious COVID-19 content, including racism, disinformation, and misinformation, exploits the multiverse of online hate to spread quickly beyond the control of any individual social media platform. We provide a first mapping of the online hate network across six major social media platforms. We demonstrate how malicious content can travel across this network in ways that subvert platform moderation efforts. Machine learning topic analysis shows quantitatively how online hate communities are sharpening COVID-19 as a weapon, with topics evolving rapidly and content becoming increasingly coherent. Based on mathematical modeling, we provide predictions of how changes to content moderation policies can slow the spread of malicious content.
Genome-wide association analysis permits characterization of Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) resistance in hard winter wheat
Authors: AlTameemi Rami , Gill Harsimardeep S. , Ali Shaukat , Ayana Girma , Halder Jyotirmoy , Sidhu Jagdeep S. , Gill Upinder S. , Turnipseed Brent , Hernandez Jose L. Gonzalez , Sehgal Sunish K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) is an economically important wheat disease caused by the necrotrophic fungusParastagonospora nodorum. SNB resistance in wheat is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Thus, identifying novel resistance/susceptibility QTLs is crucial for continuous improvement of the SNB resistance. Here, the hard winter wheat association mapping panel (HWWAMP) comprising accessions from breeding programs in the Great Plains region of the US, was evaluated for SNB resistance and necrotrophic effectors (NEs) sensitivity at the seedling stage. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to identify single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with SNB resistance and effectors sensitivity. We found seven significant associations for SNB resistance/susceptibility distributed over chromosomes 1B, 2AL, 2DS, 4AL, 5BL, 6BS, and 7AL. Two new QTLs for SNB resistance/susceptibility at the seedling stage were identified on chromosomes 6BS and 7AL, whereas five QTLs previously reported in diverse germplasms were validated. Allele stacking analysis at seven QTLs explained the additive and complex nature of SNB resistance. We identified accessions (‘Pioneer-2180’ and ‘Shocker’) with favorable alleles at five of the seven identified loci, exhibiting a high level of resistance against SNB. Further, GWAS for sensitivity to NEs uncovered significant associations for SnToxA and SnTox3, co-locating with previously identified host sensitivity genes (Tsn1andSnn3). Candidate region analysis for SNB resistance revealed 35 genes of putative interest with plant defense response-related functions. The QTLs identified and validated in this study could be easily employed in breeding programs using the associated markers to enhance the SNB resistance in hard winter wheat.