bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
806 CERVICAL ESOPHAGEAL PERFORATION: MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO A RARE AND MORBID CONDITION
Authors: Tang Chee Chuan , Voon Kelvin , Premnath Nagalingam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Cervical esophageal perforation (CEP) is an uncommon but serious surgical condition. It is associated with a high morbidity and mortality if not managed timely, partly due to its close proximity with vital structures in the neck and mediastinum. The common causes include trauma, foreign body ingestion and iatrogenic perforation. The diagnosis and management of CEP remain challenging despite advances in surgery.

Methods
We present a series of 3 cases of CEPs, with multimodal approach for the management.

Results
In this series of 3 cases of CEPs with different presentations, tailored management strategies resulted with successful outcomes. Post-procedure/operative oral contrast study revealed no contrast leakage.

Conclusion
The diagnosis and management of CEP remain challenging despite advances in surgery. Contrasted CT scan and endoscopy are the mainstay of investigations. The treatment options of CEP range from conservative management to endoscopic intervention to surgical repair often with drainage procedures due to its frequent association with collections in the neck, pleural or mediastinal cavity. Prompt detection and early management with multimodal intervention ensure a better outcome in these patients.
81 ANTI-REFLUX SURGERY: TOUPET AND DOR TECHNIQUES
Authors: Lisboa Fernando , Silva Pedro , Gomes Nathan , Lisboa Fernando , Miranda Kim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most important digestive disorders, in view of the high incidence, intensity of symptoms and severity of complications. GERD is probably one of the most prevalent diseases in the world that compromises quality of life. It is a common disease that affects between 20–40% of the population of the United States of America at least weekly. In Brazil, the incidence is 12%, corresponding to 20 million individuals.

Methods
Prospective and retrospective cohort study, which aims to assess the regression of symptoms in patients undergoing surgical technique to correct GERD. The present study was carried out in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in two hospitals: one in the private network and another study at the State University Hospital, with 130 patients between 2014 and 2020. The study population consisted of patients with GERD confirmed by clinical symptoms, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, manometry and/or pH monitoring, with the inclusion criteria: patients with GERD refractory to clinical treatment, with hiatus hernia, with atypical symptoms and/or need for surgical intervention.

Results
We studied 130 patients undergoing GERD correction surgery, 122/130 (93%) Nissen-Toupet, 03/130 (2%) Collis-Dor, 03/130 (2%) Dor and 02/130 (1.5%) Collis-Toupet, with 18/130 (13%) REDO Nissen to Toupet, 13/130 (10%) with mesh reinforcement (TABLE-I) and 01/130 (0.7%) performed Toupet + VSS + gastroenteroanastomosis. In addition, 45/123 (36%) did not have hiatus hernia and 78/123 (63%) did, 40/78 (51%) type 01, 14/78 (17%) type 02 and 18/78 (23%) type 03; 107/130 (82%) performed a manometric study. In short-term complications, 02/130 (1.5%) presented gas bloat syndrome, 01/130 (0.7%) grade 1 dysphagia, fistula 01/130 (0.7%) and mortality 01/130 (0,7%).

Conclusion
In conclusion, it is observed that the partial fundoplication technique, Toupet and Dor, maintains a competent anti-reflux mechanism with the advantage of reducing postoperative dysphagia, the inability to belch and gas bloat syndrome, in addition to decreasing the rates of postoperative recurrence.
815 PL02.09 THE BEST PRACTICE OF RECONSTRUCTION METHODS AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY WITHOUT STOMACH
Authors: Narumiya Kosuke , Kudo Kenji , Yagawa Yosuke , Maeda Shinnsuke , Toyoshima Noriyuki , Ogawa Kyohei , Ide Hiroko , Osugi Harushi , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Generally we use the stomach after esophagectomy as an organ of reconstruction. But we could not use it after we performed gastrectomy. We investigated the usefulness of the reconstruction with pedicled jejunum or pedicled right colon.

Methods
We performed esophagectomy from 2000 to 2015.15 patients use the reconstruction with pedicled jejunum as a A.10 patients use the reconstruction with pedicled right colon as a B. We study (1) background (2) complication.

Results
Average Age A:67.1 B:65.5 location (upper:middle:Lower) A:0:14:1 B:1:4:5 depth of tumor invasion (T1:T2:T3:T4) A:9:3:3:0 B:3:5:2 Stage (0:I:II:III:IVa) A:2:6:4:3:0 B:0:1:3:4:2 Reconstruction route (posterior mediastinal:retrosternal:antethoracic) A:4:2:9 B:0:5:5 The reason of the gastrectomy (ulcer: cancer) A 10:5 B 0:10 (distal gastrectomy:total gastrectomy) A:15:0 B:4:6 Reconstruction (BillrothI: BillrothII: Roux-Y) A:12:3:0 B:2:2:6 Complication (leakage)A:B = 3:0 (ileus)A:B = 2:0(weight loss)A:B = 10:0 (diarrhea)A:B = 3:5.

Conclusion
The best practice of reconstruction method is a reconstruction with pedicled jejunum without stomach. We can use the jejunum without damage of the vessel in the mesenteri of the jejunum.
834 ENDOSCOPIC VACUUM THERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OESOPHAGEAL PERFORATIONS AND POST-OPERATIVE LEAKS
Authors: Mastoridis S , Zanna A , Owen R , Antonowicz S , Sgromo B 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Oesophageal perforations and post-oesophagectomy anastomotic leaks are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) is a novel treatment strategy with the potential to promote healing and ameliorate sepsis. Few instances of the use of EVT have been reported in the UK, wioth only two cases published outside our centre representing a limited aetiological and demographic spectrum.

Methods
From May 2019 to November 2020 8 patients aged 27–85 years underwent EVT for disparate oesophageal wall defects. Data regarding technical success and feasibility were analysed. Video recordings of procedures were undertaken with patient consent.

Results
Complete defect resolution was achieved in cases (87%), requiring median of 13 days of treatment (range 6–23), and necessitating 3 replacement procedures (range 1–4). Significant improvement in C-reactive protein was achieved in all patients undergoing treatment (P = 0.015). Over an average follow up of 360 days, no severe complications resulted directly from sponge placement, however 2 individuals (25%) developed oesophageal stricture necessitating endoscopic balloon dilatation, and one died whilst undergoing treatment.

Conclusion
Here we provide a video demonstration of the application of EVT in patients with oesophageal perforation or post-operative leak. Our data demonstrate this approach to be a safe, valuable tool for the management of a spectrum of oesophageal wall defects, with the potential to reduce associated morbidity and mortality in selected patients.

Video
Video of safe application of EVT. https://www.dropbox.com/s/rgypt6o1z93iui5/EVT.mp4?dl=0.
854 OPTIMIZATION OF SURGICAL DELAY AFTER INDUCTION CHEMORADIATION FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: 10 YEARS RETROSPECTIVE MULTI-CENTER STUDY
Authors: Legault-Dupuis Alexis , Bouchard Philippe , Nicodeme Frederic , Gagne Jean-Pierre , Simard Serge , Lacasse Yves , Hache Pier-Luc , Couture Christian , Laliberte Anne-Sophie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The treatment of esophageal cancer is in constant evolution. Most of the esophageal cancer receive induction chemoradiation therapy. Surgical delay has been studied but the optimal timing has not been clarified. Through the years, surgical delay has been modified by surgeons in our institutions, going from an average of 6 weeks delay to an average of 10 weeks delay. It is time to ask if this change has a real positive impact on our patient.

Methods
In this retrospective multi-center study, we combined data from two center in Quebec city that performs oncologic esophagectomy. The surgical delay went from 6 to 10 weeks around 2014. All surgeons changed their practice at that moment. We retrospectively analysed 5 years before and after the change of practice and created two cohorts of patients. Our primary outcome compared complete pathologic response rate. Our secondary outcomes were surgical complications, anastomotic leak, disease free survival and overall survival.

Results
Thirty-eight patients had surgery under 8 weeks (mean: 6 weeks) after their induction chemoradiation compared to 64 patients that had surgery after 8 weeks (mean: 10 weeks). There was no statistical significant difference between groups for the complete pathologic response (32% vs 25%, p = 0,16). Important complications were similar, with a rate of 24% vs 28% (p = 0,69). Anastomotic leaks were less frequent in the less than 8 weeks group, but no statistical significance was obtained (13% vs 27%, p = 0,14). No difference in disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate was noted (DFS 40% vs 55% (p = 0,32), OS 38% vs 38% (p = 0,29)).

Conclusion
The treatment of esophageal cancer is in constant evolution, induction therapy and surgical technics involve over time. Surgical delay has no impact on complete pathologic response, complication and overall survival. There is no advantage to wait longer before surgery.
Inter-Temporal Aggregation for Spatially Explicit Optimal Harvest Scheduling under Area Restrictions
Authors: Yoshimoto Atsushi , Asante Patrick 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We propose a new approach to solve inter-temporal unit aggregation issues under maximum opening size requirements using two models. The first model is based on Model I formulation with static harvest treatments for harvest activities. This model identifies periodic harvest activities using a set of constraints for inter-temporal aggregation. The second model is based on Model II formulation, which uses dynamic harvest treatments and incorporates periodic harvest activities directly into the model formulation. The proposed approach contributes to the literature on spatially constrained harvest scheduling problems as it allows a pattern of unit aggregation to change across multiple harvests over time, as inter-temporal aggregation under a maximum opening size requirement over period-specific duration. The main idea of the proposed approach for inter-temporal aggregation is to use a multiple layer scheme for a set of spatial constraints, which is adapted from a maximum flow specification in a spatial forest unit network and a sequential triangle connection to create fully connected feasible clusters. By dividing the planning horizon into period-specific durations for different spatial aggregation patterns, the models can complete inter-temporal spatial aggregation over the planning horizon under a maximum opening size requirement per duration.
Genetic screen for suppressors of increased silencing in rpd3 mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae identifies a potential role for H3K4 methylation
Authors: Kleinschmidt Richard A , Lyon Laurie M , Smith Samantha L , Rittenberry Jonah , Lawless K Maeve , Acosta Anabelle A , Donze David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Several studies have identified the paradoxical phenotype of increased heterochromatic gene silencing at specific loci that results from deletion or mutation of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) gene RPD3. To further understand this phenomenon, we conducted a genetic screen for suppressors of this extended silencing phenotype at the HMR locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Most of the mutations that suppressed extended HMR silencing in rpd3 mutants without completely abolishing silencing were identified in the histone H3 lysine 4 methylation (H3K4me) pathway, specifically in SET1, BRE1, and BRE2. These second-site mutations retained normal HMR silencing, therefore, appear to be specific for the rpd3Δ extended silencing phenotype. As an initial assessment of the role of H3K4 methylation in extended silencing, we rule out some of the known mechanisms of Set1p/H3K4me mediated gene repression by HST1, HOS2, and HST3 encoded HDACs. Interestingly, we demonstrate that the RNA Polymerase III complex remains bound and active at the HMR-tDNA in rpd3 mutants despite silencing extending beyond the normal barrier. We discuss these results as they relate to the interplay among different chromatin-modifying enzyme functions and the importance of further study of this enigmatic phenomenon.
Chromosome-scale reference genome assembly of a diploid potato clone derived from an elite variety
Authors: Freire Ruth , Weisweiler Marius , Guerreiro Ricardo , Baig Nadia , Hüttel Bruno , Obeng-Hinneh Evelyn , Renner Juliane , Hartje Stefanie , Muders Katja , Truberg Bernd , Rosen Arne , Prigge Vanessa , Bruckmüller Julien , Lübeck Jens , Stich Benjamin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops with a worldwide production of 370 million metric tons. The objectives of this study were (1) to create a high-quality consensus sequence across the two haplotypes of a diploid clone derived from a tetraploid elite variety and assess the sequence divergence from the available potato genome assemblies, as well as among the two haplotypes; (2) to evaluate the new assembly’s usefulness for various genomic methods; and (3) to assess the performance of phasing in diploid and tetraploid clones, using linked-read sequencing technology. We used PacBio long reads coupled with 10x Genomics reads and proximity ligation scaffolding to create the dAg1_v1.0 reference genome sequence. With a final assembly size of 812 Mb, where 750 Mb are anchored to 12 chromosomes, our assembly is larger than other available potato reference sequences and high proportions of properly paired reads were observed for clones unrelated by pedigree to dAg1. Comparisons of the new dAg1_v1.0 sequence to other potato genome sequences point out the high divergence between the different potato varieties and illustrate the potential of using dAg1_v1.0 sequence in breeding applications.
Complete genome sequence of the biocontrol yeastPapiliotrema terrestrisstrain LS28
Authors: Palmieri Davide , Barone Giuseppe , Cigliano Riccardo Aiese , De Curtis Filippo , Lima Giuseppe , Castoria Raffaello , Ianiri Giuseppe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPapiliotrema terrestris strain LS28 is a biocontrol agent selected for its antagonistic activity against several plant pathogens both in the field and postharvest. The availability of a genome sequencing sets the foundation for the identification of the genetic mechanisms of its antagonistic activity. The genome size is 21.29 Mbp with a G+C content of 58.65%, and genome annotation predicts 8,626 protein-encoding genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on whole-genome data confirms that P. terrestris is a Tremellomycetes more closely related to Papiliotrema flavescens than Papiliotrema laurentii.
Volcanic tremor of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption
Authors: Benediktsdóttir Ásdís , Gudmundsson Ólafur , Li Ka Lok , Brandsdóttir Bryndís 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYVolcanic eruptions in Iceland generally start with an increase in tremor levels. These signals do not have clear onset, like many earthquakes. As the character of the tremor signal is variable from one volcano to another, locating the source of the tremor signal may require different techniques for different volcanoes. Continuous volcanic tremor varied considerably during the course of the Eyjafjallajökull summit eruption, 14 April to 22 May 2010, and was clearly associated with changes in eruptive style. The tremor frequencies ranged between 0.5 and 10 Hz, with increased vigour during an effusive and explosive phase, in comparison with purely explosive phases. Higher-frequency tremor bursts early in the eruption were caused by processes at the eruption site. Location of the tremor using a method based on differential phase information extracted from interstation correlograms showed the tremor to be stable near the eruption vent, through time, for signals between 0.5 and 2 Hz. Analyses of power variations of the vertical component of the tremor with distance from the eruption site are consistent with tremor waveform content being dominated by surface waves in the 0.5–2 Hz frequency range. The tremor source depth was argued to be shallow, less than about 1 km. The attenuation quality factor (Q) was found to be on the order of Q = 10–20 for paths in the area around Eyjafjallajökull and Q = 20–50 for paths outside the volcano. The pattern of radiated wave energy from the tremor source varied with time, defining ten different epochs during the eruption. Thus the tremor-source radiation did not remain isotropic, which needs to be considered when locating tremor based on amplitude, that is azimuthally variable source radiation.
CON: Procalcitonin does not have clinical utility in children with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Banerjee Ritu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Most clinical studies supporting procalcitonin (PCT)-guided management of lower respiratory tract infections have been performed in adults. There is a paucity of studies evaluating the clinical impact of PCT use in children and limited data informing age-appropriate PCT cut-offs; diagnostic accuracy in immunocompromised children; patient subgroups most likely to benefit from PCT testing; whether PCT adds value beyond available rapid molecular viral diagnostics; and optimal implementation strategies for PCT-guided treatment. At the present time there is little evidence to support routine use of PCT to aid management of paediatric pneumonia.
Star formation in CALIFA survey perturbed galaxies – II. Star-formation histories and oxygen abundances
Authors: Morales-Vargas A , Torres-Papaqui J P , Rosales-Ortega F F , Chow-Martínez M , Trejo-Alonso J J , Ortega-Minakata R A , Robleto-Orús A C , Romero-Cruz F J , Neri-Larios D M ,   CALIFA Survey Collaboration
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Galaxy evolution is generally affected by tidal interactions. First, in this series, we reported several effects that suggest that tidal interactions contribute to the regulation of star formation (SF). To confirm this, we now compare stellar mass assembly histories and SF look-back time annular profiles between CALIFA survey tidally and non-tidally perturbed galaxies. We pair their respective star-forming regions at the closest stellar mass surface densities to reduce the influence of stellar mass. The assembly histories and annular profiles show statistically significant differences so that higher star-formation rates characterize regions in tidally perturbed galaxies. These regions underwent a more intense (re)activation of SF in the last 1 Gyr. Varying shapes of the annular profiles also reflect fluctuations between suppression and (re)activation of SF. Since gas-phase abundances used to be lower in more actively than in less actively star-forming galaxies, we further explore the plausible presence of metal-poor gas inflows able to dilute such abundances. The resolved relations of oxygen (O) abundance with stellar mass density and with total gas fraction show slightly lower O abundances for regions in tidally perturbed galaxies. The single distributions of O abundances statistically validate this. Moreover, from a metallicity model based on stellar feedback, the mass rate differentials (inflows−outflows) show statistically valid higher values for regions in tidally perturbed galaxies. These differentials, and the metal fractions from the population synthesis, suggest dominant gas inflows in these galaxies. This dominance and the differences in SF through time confirm the previously reported effects of tidal interactions on SF.
A role for AKT1 in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay
Authors: Palma Martine , Leroy Catherine , Salomé-Desnoulez Sophie , Werkmeister Elisabeth , Kong Rebekah , Mongy Marc , Le Hir Hervé , Lejeune Fabrice 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a highly regulated quality control mechanism through which mRNAs harboring a premature termination codon are degraded. It is also a regulatory pathway for some genes. This mechanism is subject to various levels of regulation, including phosphorylation. To date only one kinase, SMG1, has been described to participate in NMD, by targeting the central NMD factor UPF1. Here, screening of a kinase inhibitor library revealed as putative NMD inhibitors several molecules targeting the protein kinase AKT1. We present evidence demonstrating that AKT1, a central player in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, plays an essential role in NMD, being recruited by the UPF3X protein to phosphorylate UPF1. As AKT1 is often overactivated in cancer cells and as this should result in increased NMD efficiency, the possibility that this increase might affect cancer processes and be targeted in cancer therapy is discussed.
Protecting children and adolescents against the risks of vaping
Authors: Chadi Nicholas , Vyver Ellie , Bélanger Richard E 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Youth vaping presents significant risks for the health and safety of Canadian children and adolescents. This statement provides background information about vaping, vaping products, and related devices, discusses the short- and long-term harms known to be associated with their use, and offers prevention and cessation strategies for youth who vape or are at risk for starting. Youth vaping is associated with increased risk for tobacco and other substance use, mental health problems, pulmonary and cardiovascular disease, and unintentional injuries. Vaping should not be used as a smoking cessation tool for youth, due to lack of effectiveness and evidence of harm. Many preventive and treatment strategies used for tobacco cessation, including behavioural and pharmacological options, can be adapted to help youth quit vaping. Recommendations for community stakeholders and policy makers are included.
Are High-Interest Loans Predatory? Theory and Evidence from Payday Lending
Authors: Allcott Hunt , Kim Joshua , Taubinsky Dmitry , Zinman Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
It is often argued that people might take on too much high-cost debt because they are present focused and/or over-optimistic about how soon they will repay. We measure borrowers’ present focus and over-optimism using an experiment with a large payday lender. Although the most inexperienced quartile of borrowers under-estimate their likelihood of future borrowing, the more experienced three quartiles predict correctly on average. This finding contrasts sharply with priors we elicited from 103 payday lending and behavioural economics experts, who believed that the average borrower would be highly overoptimistic about getting out of debt. Borrowers are willing to pay a significant premium for an experimental incentive to avoid future borrowing, which we show implies that they perceive themselves to be time inconsistent. We use borrowers’ predicted behaviour and valuation of the experimental incentive to estimate a model of present focus and naivete. We then use the model to study common payday lending regulations. In our model, banning payday loans reduces welfare relative to existing regulation, while limits on repeat borrowing might increase welfare by inducing faster repayment that is more consistent with long-run preferences.