bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Comparative Legislators Database
Authors: Göbel Sascha , Munzert Simon 
Published: February 2021

AbstractKnowledge about political representatives' behavior is crucial for a deeper understanding of politics and policy-making processes. Yet resources on legislative elites are scattered, often specialized, limited in scope or not always accessible. This article introduces the Comparative Legislators Database (CLD), which joins micro-data collection efforts on open-collaboration platforms and other sources, and integrates with renowned political science datasets. The CLD includes political, sociodemographic, career, online presence, public attention, and visual information for over 45,000 contemporary and historical politicians from ten countries. The authors provide a straightforward and open-source interface to the database through an R package, offering targeted, fast and analysis-ready access in formats familiar to social scientists and standardized across time and space. The data is verified against human-coded datasets, and its use for investigating legislator prominence and turnover is illustrated. The CLD contributes to a central hub for versatile information about legislators and their behavior, supporting individual-level comparative research over long periods.
“Inexpressible horror”: The Devil and Baptist Life Writing in Cromwellian Ireland
Authors: Gribben Crawford 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Baptist movement in Cromwellian Ireland displayed a number of distinctive features. Adherents of the movement regularly claimed to have heightened spiritual experiences, which in a number of cases included firsthand encounters with the devil. This article observes the political contexts in which these claims were made while analyzing attempts by Baptist leaders to promote a more critical spirituality and counter illegitimate claims to supernatural experience. It argues that these unusual experiences, reflective more of their geographical than their denominational context, were rhetorically enabled, and Baptist leaders would struggle to both sustain and contain claims to spiritual experience.
Factors Influencing Health Care Workers’ Willingness to Respond to Duty during Infectious Disease Outbreaks and Bioterrorist Events: An Integrative Review
Authors: Murray Eleanor J. , Mason Matt , Sparke Vanessa , Zimmerman Peta-Anne P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground:Infectious disease emergencies are increasingly becoming part of the health care delivery landscape, having implications to not only individuals and the public, but also on those expected to respond to these emergencies. Health care workers (HCWs) are perhaps the most important asset in an infectious disease emergency, yet these individuals have their own barriers and facilitators to them being willing or able to respond.Aim:The purpose of this review was to identify factors affecting HCW willingness to respond (WTR) to duty during infectious disease outbreaks and/or bioterrorist events.Methods:An integrative literature review methodology was utilized to conduct a structured search of the literature including CINAHL, Medline, Embase, and PubMed databases using key terms and phrases. PRISMA guidelines were used to report the search outcomes and all eligible literature was screened with those included in the final review collated and appraised using a quality assessment tool.Results:A total of 149 papers were identified from the database search. Forty papers were relevant following screening, which highlighted facilitators of WTR to include: availability of personal protective equipment (PPE)/vaccine, level of training, professional ethics, family and personal safety, and worker support systems. A number of barriers were reported to prevent WTR for HCWs, such as: concern and perceived risk, interpersonal factors, job-level factors, and outbreak characteristics.Conclusions:By comprehensively identifying the facilitators and barriers to HCWs’ WTR during infectious disease outbreaks and/or bioterrorist events, strategies can be identified and implemented to improve WTR and thus improve HCW and public safety.
Single Conversations Expand Practitioners’ Use of Research: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Authors: Levine Adam Seth 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTMany people seek to increase practitioners’ use of research evidence in decision making. Two common strategies are dissemination and interaction. Dissemination can reach a wide audience at once, yet interactive strategies can be beneficial because they entail back-and-forth conversations to clarify how research evidence applies in a particular context. To date, however, we lack much direct evidence of the impact of interaction beyond dissemination. Partnering with an international sustainability-oriented NGO, I conducted a field experiment to test the impact of an interactive strategy (i.e., a single conversation) on practitioners’ use of research evidence in a pending decision. I find that the conversation had a substantial impact on research use relative to only receiving disseminated materials, which likely was due to increased self-efficacy. I also provide practical guidance on how researchers can apply this finding close to home by strengthening linkages with local decision makers.
Iron intake with the risk of breast cancer among Chinese women: a case–control study
Authors: Liu Kai-Yan , Feng Xiao-Li , Mo Xiong-Fei , Lin Fang-Yu , Zhang Xin , Huang Chu-Yi , Abulimiti Alinuer , Li Lei , Zhang Cai-Xia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjective:The current study evaluated the associations between different forms and sources of Fe and breast cancer risk in Southern Chinese women.Design:Case–control study. We collected data on the consumption of Fe from different forms and food sources by using a validated FFQ. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to reveal potential associations between Fe intake and breast cancer risk.Setting:A case-control study of women at three major hospitals in Guangzhou, China.Participants:From June 2007 to March 2019, 1591 breast cancer cases and 1622 age-matched controls were recruited.Results:In quartile analyses, Fe from plants and Fe from white meat intake were inversely associated with breast cancer risk, with OR of 0·65 (95 % CI 0·47, 0·89, Ptrend = 0·006) and 0·76 (95 % CI 0·61, 0·96, Ptrend = 0·014), respectively, comparing the highest with the lowest quartile. No associations were observed between total dietary Fe, heme or non-heme Fe, Fe from meat or red meat and breast cancer risk. RCS analysis demonstrated J-shaped associations between total dietary Fe, non-heme Fe and breast cancer, and reverse L-shaped associations between heme Fe, Fe from meat and Fe from red meat and breast cancer.Conclusion:Fe from plants and white meat were inversely associated with breast cancer risk. Significant non-linear J-shaped associations were found between total dietary Fe, non-heme Fe and breast cancer risk, and reverse L-shaped associations were found between heme Fe, Fe from meat or red meat and breast cancer risk.
Musical Entanglements: Ely Haimowitz and Orchestral Music under the US Army Military Government in Korea, 1945–1948
Authors: PARK HYE-JUNG 
Published: February 2021

AbstractShortly after Japan's surrender to Allied forces, the Soviet Union occupied the northern part of Korea, and the United States moved into the south, where it established the US Army Military Government in Southern Korea (USAMGIK, 1945–1948). In the American zone, music played a unique role in forging US hegemony over Korea. Young American pianist Ely Haimowitz (1920–2010) was the central figure in shaping that policy. Associated with “highbrow” culture, Western orchestral music helped restore Koreans’ ethnic pride damaged by Japanese colonial rule, while countering the Soviet emphasis on indigenous music. By fostering Western orchestral music in Korea, and supporting many individual musicians, Haimowitz succeeded in gaining widespread admiration and trust among Korean musicians. Based on unique access to Haimowitz's private archival collection, as well as diverse historical records from Korea, this article develops a complex picture of Haimowitz not merely as a cold-blooded US military officer and propagandist but also as an individual musician who shared friendships with Korean musicians, suffered ethical dilemmas, and often supported Korean voices against the USAMGIK. The relationships he forged provide indispensable context in understanding USAMGIK music policy, Korean musicians’ responses to it, and the post–World War II Korean reception of Western orchestral music overall.
A Preliminary Investigation of ERP Components of Attentional Bias in Anxious Adults Using Temporospatial Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Gupta Resh S. , Kujawa Autumn , Vago David R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Threat-related attention bias is thought to contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Dot-probe studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) have indicated that several early ERP components are modulated by threatening and emotional stimuli in anxious populations, suggesting enhanced allocation of attention to threat and emotion at earlier stages of processing. However, ERP components selected for examination and analysis in these studies vary widely and remain inconsistent. The present study used temporospatial principal component analysis (PCA) to systematically identify ERP components elicited to face pair cues and probes in a dot-probe task in anxious adults. Cue-locked components sensitive to emotion included an early occipital C1 component enhanced for happy versus angry face pair cues and an early parieto-occipital P1 component enhanced for happy versus angry face pair cues. Probe-locked components sensitive to congruency included a parieto-occipital P2 component enhanced for incongruent probes (probes replacing neutral faces) versus congruent probes (probes replacing emotional faces). Split-half correlations indicated that the mean value around the PCA-derived peaks was reliably measured in the ERP waveforms. These results highlight promising neurophysiological markers for attentional bias research that can be extended to designs comparing anxious and healthy comparison groups. Results from a secondary exploratory PCA analysis investigating the effects of emotional face position and analyses on behavioral reaction time data are also presented.
Analysis and Prediction of Significant Wave Height in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea
Authors: Wang Huan , Fu Dongyang , Liu Dazhao , Xiao Xiuchun , He Xianqiang , Liu Bei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA series of 40‐year significant wave height (SWH) data were extracted from the ERA‐Interim data set of the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), for the Beibu Gulf and its adjacent waters in the South China Sea from 1979 to 2018. After that, data were first aggregated to annual and monthly average data. Through the analysis, the annual SWH had grown since 1984, reached a significant level in 1995, and reached a maximum 1.068 m in 2011. The monthly SWH values between April and September were lower than those of other months. Additionally, the corresponding analysis on wind speed data demonstrated that variation in wind speed was consistent with SWH from 1979 to 2018, but the overall trend of SWH increased while wind speed decreased. The decrease of wind speed could be attributed to the weakening of the East Asian monsoon, and the westward swell induced by the gales that occurred in the northeast of the South China Sea resulted in the increase of SWH in the study area. Finally, a multiple sine function decomposition neural network (MSFDNN) was employed to forecast monthly SWH over the next 10 years. The predicted results revealed that the MSFDNN was well‐performing for forecasting monthly SWH.
The Influence of Hygroscopic Flare Seeding on Drop Size Distribution Over Southeast Queensland
Authors: Tessendorf Sarah A. , Chen Sisi , Weeks Courtney , Bruintjes Roelof , Rasmussen Roy M. , Xue Lulin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study presents measurements of the initial cloud‐base droplet spectra of seeded and unseeded clouds observed during the Queensland Cloud Seeding Research Program field campaign. The measurements were stratified by the aerosol regime that the cloud formed within, and then analyzed statistically as well as compared to parcel model simulations. Initial droplet spectra were obtained within 300–600 m of cloud base to identify the spectra resulting from nucleation and to avoid effects from collision‐coalescence broadening processes. The goal of this study is to assess the impact of hygroscopic flare seeding on cloud‐droplet growth as a first step toward understanding the effect of hygroscopic seeding on rainfall. Results indicate that initial droplet spectra are altered by seeding, such that the mean diameter and tail of drops larger than 20 µm increased in seeded clouds within a given aerosol regime. This effect is most pronounced in the continental‐influenced aerosol regime, that generally lacked coarse mode aerosols, but was also observed to occur in the maritime‐influenced regime. To further investigate if the observational results were supported by theory, a parcel model was used to improve the process‐level understanding of the seeding impact on the initial evolution of the droplet spectra. The simulated results qualitatively agree with the observations that noted the seeding effect is more prominent in the continental‐influenced regime.
Continent-wide tree fecundity driven by indirect climate effects
Authors: Clark James S. , Andrus Robert , Aubry-Kientz Melaine , Bergeron Yves , Bogdziewicz Michal , Bragg Don C. , Brockway Dale , Cleavitt Natalie L. , Cohen Susan , Courbaud Benoit , Daley Robert , Das Adrian J. , Dietze Michael , Fahey Timothy J. , Fer Istem , Franklin Jerry F. , Gehring Catherine A. , Gilbert Gregory S. , Greenberg Cathryn H. , Guo Qinfeng , HilleRisLambers Janneke , Ibanez Ines , Johnstone Jill , Kilner Christopher L. , Knops Johannes , Koenig Walter D. , Kunstler Georges , LaMontagne Jalene M. , Legg Kristin L. , Luongo Jordan , Lutz James A. , Macias Diana , McIntire Eliot J. B. , Messaoud Yassine , Moore Christopher M. , Moran Emily , Myers Jonathan A. , Myers Orrin B. , Nunez Chase , Parmenter Robert , Pearse Sam , Pearson Scott , Poulton-Kamakura Renata , Ready Ethan , Redmond Miranda D. , Reid Chantal D. , Rodman Kyle C. , Scher C. Lane , Schlesinger William H. , Schwantes Amanda M. , Shanahan Erin , Sharma Shubhi , Steele Michael A. , Stephenson Nathan L. , Sutton Samantha , Swenson Jennifer J. , Swift Margaret , Veblen Thomas T. , Whipple Amy V. , Whitham Thomas G. , Wion Andreas P. , Zhu Kai , Zlotin Roman 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIndirect climate effects on tree fecundity that come through variation in size and growth (climate-condition interactions) are not currently part of models used to predict future forests. Trends in species abundances predicted from meta-analyses and species distribution models will be misleading if they depend on the conditions of individuals. Here we find from a synthesis of tree species in North America that climate-condition interactions dominate responses through two pathways, i) effects of growth that depend on climate, and ii) effects of climate that depend on tree size. Because tree fecundity first increases and then declines with size, climate change that stimulates growth promotes a shift of small trees to more fecund sizes, but the opposite can be true for large sizes. Change the depresses growth also affects fecundity. We find a biogeographic divide, with these interactions reducing fecundity in the West and increasing it in the East. Continental-scale responses of these forests are thus driven largely by indirect effects, recommending management for climate change that considers multiple demographic rates.
Automated discovery of a robust interatomic potential for aluminum
Authors: Smith Justin S. , Nebgen Benjamin , Mathew Nithin , Chen Jie , Lubbers Nicholas , Burakovsky Leonid , Tretiak Sergei , Nam Hai Ah , Germann Timothy , Fensin Saryu , Barros Kipton 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMachine learning, trained on quantum mechanics (QM) calculations, is a powerful tool for modeling potential energy surfaces. A critical factor is the quality and diversity of the training dataset. Here we present a highly automated approach to dataset construction and demonstrate the method by building a potential for elemental aluminum (ANI-Al). In our active learning scheme, the ML potential under development is used to drive non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations with time-varying applied temperatures. Whenever a configuration is reached for which the ML uncertainty is large, new QM data is collected. The ML model is periodically retrained on all available QM data. The final ANI-Al potential makes very accurate predictions of radial distribution function in melt, liquid-solid coexistence curve, and crystal properties such as defect energies and barriers. We perform a 1.3M atom shock simulation and show that ANI-Al force predictions shine in their agreement with new reference DFT calculations.
Whole genome sequencing in the Middle Eastern Qatari population identifies genetic associations with 45 clinically relevant traits
Authors: Thareja Gaurav , Al-Sarraj Yasser , Belkadi Aziz , Almotawa Maryam ,   The Qatar Genome Program Research (QGPR) Consortium,   Qatar Genome Project Management, Ismail Said , Al-Muftah Wadha , Badji Radja , Mbarek Hamdi , Darwish Dima , Fadl Tasnim , Yasin Heba , Ennaifar Maryem , Abdellatif Rania , Alkuwari Fatima , Alvi Muhammad , Al-Sarraj Yasser , Saad Chadi , Althani Asmaa ,   Biobank and Sample Preparation, Fethnou Eleni , Qafoud Fatima , Alkhayat Eiman , Afifi Nahla ,   Sequencing and Genotyping group, Tomei Sara , Liu Wei , Lorenz Stephan ,   Applied Bioinformatics Core, Syed Najeeb , Almabrazi Hakeem , Vempalli Fazulur Rehaman , Temanni Ramzi ,   Data Management and Computing Infrastructure group, Saqri Tariq Abu , Khatib Mohammedhusen , Hamza Mehshad , Zaid Tariq Abu , El Khouly Ahmed , Pathare Tushar , Poolat Shafeeq , Al-Ali Rashid ,   Consortium Lead Principal Investigators, Albagha Omar , Al-Khodor Souhaila , Alshafai Mashael , Badii Ramin , Chouchane Lotfi , Estivill Xavier , Fakhro Khalid , Mokrab Younes , Puthen Jithesh , Tatari Zohreh , Suhre Karsten , Albagha Omar M. E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClinical laboratory tests play a pivotal role in medical decision making, but little is known about their genetic variability between populations. We report a genome-wide association study with 45 clinically relevant traits from the population of Qatar using a whole genome sequencing approach in a discovery set of 6218 individuals and replication in 7768 subjects. Trait heritability is more similar between Qatari and European populations (r = 0.81) than with Africans (r = 0.44). We identify 281 distinct variant-trait-associations at genome wide significance that replicate known associations. Allele frequencies for replicated loci show higher correlations with European (r = 0.94) than with African (r = 0.85) or Japanese (r = 0.80) populations. We find differences in linkage disequilibrium patterns and in effect sizes of the replicated loci compared to previous reports. We also report 17 novel and Qatari-predominate signals providing insights into the biological pathways regulating these traits. We observe that European-derived polygenic scores (PGS) have reduced predictive performance in the Qatari population which could have implications for the translation of PGS between populations and their future application in precision medicine.
Phase-enabled metal-organic framework homojunction for highly selective CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Liu Yannan , Chen Chuanshuang , Valdez Jesus , Motta Meira Debora , He Wanting , Wang Yong , Harnagea Catalin , Lu Qiongqiong , Guner Tugrul , Wang Hao , Liu Cheng-Hao , Zhang Qingzhe , Huang Shengyun , Yurtsever Aycan , Chaker Mohamed , Ma Dongling 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConversion of clean solar energy to chemical fuels is one of the promising and up-and-coming applications of metal–organic frameworks. However, fast recombination of photogenerated charge carriers in these frameworks remains the most significant limitation for their photocatalytic application. Although the construction of homojunctions is a promising solution, it remains very challenging to synthesize them. Herein, we report a well-defined hierarchical homojunction based on metal–organic frameworks via a facile one-pot synthesis route directed by hollow transition metal nanoparticles. The homojunction is enabled by two concentric stacked nanoplates with slightly different crystal phases. The enhanced charge separation in the homojunction was visualized by in-situ surface photovoltage microscopy. Moreover, the as-prepared nanostacks displayed a visible-light-driven carbon dioxide reduction with very high carbon monooxide selectivity, and excellent stability. Our work provides a powerful platform to synthesize capable metal–organic framework complexes and sheds light on the hierarchical structure-function relationships of metal–organic frameworks.
Single-cell multiomics sequencing reveals the functional regulatory landscape of early embryos
Authors: Wang Yang , Yuan Peng , Yan Zhiqiang , Yang Ming , Huo Ying , Nie Yanli , Zhu Xiaohui , Qiao Jie , Yan Liying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractExtensive epigenetic reprogramming occurs during preimplantation embryo development. However, it remains largely unclear how the drastic epigenetic reprogramming contributes to transcriptional regulatory network during this period. Here, we develop a single-cell multiomics sequencing technology (scNOMeRe-seq) that enables profiling of genome-wide chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation and RNA expression in the same individual cell. We apply this method to depict a single-cell multiomics map of mouse preimplantation development. We find that genome-wide DNA methylation remodeling facilitates the reconstruction of genetic lineages in early embryos. Further, we construct a zygotic genome activation (ZGA)-associated regulatory network and reveal coordination among multiple epigenetic layers, transcription factors and repeat elements that instruct proper ZGA. Cell fates associated cis-regulatory elements are activated stepwise in post-ZGA stages. Trophectoderm (TE)-specific transcription factors play dual roles in promoting the TE program while repressing the inner cell mass (ICM) program during the ICM/TE separation.
Extreme isotopic heterogeneity in Samoan clinopyroxenes constrains sediment recycling
Authors: Adams Jenna V. , Jackson Matthew G. , Spera Frank J. , Price Allison A. , Byerly Benjamin L. , Seward Gareth , Cottle John M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLavas erupted at hotspot volcanoes provide evidence of mantle heterogeneity. Samoan Island lavas with high 87Sr/86Sr (>0.706) typify a mantle source incorporating ancient subducted sediments. To further characterize this source, we target a single high 87Sr/86Sr lava from Savai’i Island, Samoa for detailed analyses of 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd isotopes and major and trace elements on individual magmatic clinopyroxenes. We show the clinopyroxenes exhibit a remarkable range of 87Sr/86Sr—including the highest observed in an oceanic hotspot lava—encompassing ~30% of the oceanic mantle’s total variability. These new isotopic data, data from other Samoan lavas, and magma mixing calculations are consistent with clinopyroxene 87Sr/86Sr variability resulting from magma mixing between a high silica, high 87Sr/86Sr (up to 0.7316) magma, and a low silica, low 87Sr/86Sr magma. Results provide insight into the composition of magmas derived from a sediment-infiltrated mantle source and document the fate of sediment recycled into Earth’s mantle.