bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature stabilization of the angular velocity measuring device
Authors: Golikov A V , Barulina M A , Pankratova E V , Efremov M V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article examines the possibility of using an active two-circuit thermal control system to reduce the influence of temperature disturbances on the components of the angular velocity measuring device. Special attention is devoted to the problem of temperature stabilization in fiber-optic gyroscopes mounted in the measuring device. The study of the inhomogeneous nonstationary temperature field of the angular velocity measuring device with a two-circuit reversible thermal control system on Peltier thermal batteries is carried out. Thermal and mathematical models of the considered dynamical system are constructed. Specialized software for numerical simulation has been developed, which allows calculating and visualizing real-time inhomogeneous, three-dimensional, non-stationary temperature fields of the device under conditions of complex non-stationary thermal effects of internal and external sources. It is shown that the use of a two-circuit reversible thermal control system can help to significantly reduce the influence of external non-stationary temperature disturbances on the temperature stability of fiber-optic gyroscopes in various operating conditions, such as vacuum and weightlessness. The energy consumption and the increase in the weight and size characteristics of the device are estimated.
Mathematical description of elastic mechanisms of force compensating manipulator
Authors: Ya Pyatibratov G , Altunyan L L , Danshina A A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Improvement of control systems for manipulators and robots was required implementation complex automation of production processes. It is necessary to have a reliable mathematical description of elastic mechanisms interacting during operation to solve problems of analysis and synthesis of control devices of force compensating manipulators. The work goal is the development of the mathematical description of elastic executive mechanisms of the ShBM-150M balanced manipulator. Studies have shown that low-frequency components of moved weight elastic vibrations are due to flexural deformation of a manipulator’s shoulder and arm. Inertia equivalent values of manipulator links are changed by 2.2 and 37 times during manipulator operation with a constant load value. Total flexural deformation of shoulder and arm deflection is 25 mm during changing mass per 100 kg. And parameters of the mathematical model can be changed by 11 times, which needs adaptive control use.
Direct numerical simulation of anisotropic turbulent flow for incompressible fluid
Authors: Balonishnikov A M , Kruchkova J V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Equation for small-scale velocity or pulsation is a starting point to build almost all models of turbulence. Transport equation for Reynolds stresses, dissipation rate, kinetic energy are derived from this equation, adding some assumptions about structure of terms, including in these equations. Equation for small-scale velocity can be simplified, if we assume that large – scale velocity and its gradients are constants instead of linear profile for large-scale velocity. We implemented the direct numerical simulation of this equation under the simple shear, leading to anisotropy. The nonlinear helicity terms were computed in spectral space, using the three-dimensional Fast Fourier transformation, then, the inverse Fast Fourier transformation was used to return in physical space. Aliasing terms were not removed. Four – order Runge- Kutta method was used for integration in time. Evolution of Reynolds stresses in time were computed.
Modelling of power consumption for Advanced Encryption Standard and PRESENT ciphers
Authors: Maro E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Paper presents a result of modelling by ELMO tool and measuring on hardware stand power consumption traces for encryption algorithms Advanced Encryption Standard and PRESENT. Power consumption traces for different version of AES (basic one-round AES algorithm are compared with AESMasked_R1 and MBedAES versions) and PRESENT (with various round numbers) are generated. Assessment of instructions with leaks were made by comparison power consumption traces for fixed-input and power consumption traces for random-inputs (total quantity of traces is 104). Numbers of total and potentially leakage instructions for each examined version of AES and PRESENT ciphers implementation are estimated.
Modelling and optimization of information systems with distributed databases
Authors: Ya Lvovich I , Lvovich Ya E , Preobrazhenskiy A P , Preobrazhenskiy Yu P , Choporov O N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the problems of modern corporate information systems. It is necessary to carry out the structural synthesis of their components. It is important that there is a choice of the required number of parallel processing in the databases, as well as the assignment of priorities for the execution of the corresponding processing conditions. On the basis of enumeration schemes, alternative variables will be introduced. When calculations are carried out using the developed models, it is possible to calculate the values of predictive estimates for each of the search steps. That is, many promising options for information and telecommunication systems are selected, with the additional inclusion of procedures for taking into account restrictions and multi-criteria.
Automated diseases detection of plant diseases in space greenhouses
Authors: Aleynikov A F , Toropov V I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To detect plant diseases in a space greenhouse, a computer vision method is proposed by counting image pixels in the space of color channels of red, green and blue. An algorithm and a program have been developed for the automated determination of the degree of fungal diseases affecting garden strawberry leaves from the transmitted images of plant leaves. The research results can be used for early diagnosis of diseases and monitoring of the functional state of greenhouse plants.
Phase equilibrium and synthesis in ionic melts of the system Li, Na, Pb || WO4
Authors: Kochkarov J A , Baysangurova A A , Bisergaeva R A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The phase diagram of a three-component system has been studied for the first time by the method of differential thermal analysis and XRF Li,Na,Pb//WO4. The coordinates of the invariant points are determined (42,5% Na2WO4, 47,5% Li2WO4, 10% Pb2WO4, 450°C), areas of crystallization of the initial components. The possibility of chemical synthesis of lead oxide tungsten bronzes in ionic melts of the studied system is shown.
Investigation of the throughput of nonlinear surge arresters using the MatLab software environment
Authors: Kuznetsov N M , Morozov I N , Smirnov S A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This work is devoted to the topical issue of researching the throughput of nonlinear surge suppressors. The article discusses various options for test installations and offers simulation models. The MatLab environment, the Simulink simulation application, was chosen as the simulation software environment. The impulse current curve was calculated, after which the tests of nonlinear arresters using rectangular pulses were carried out. The simulation results of installations for operating tests of the surge arrester were compared with the real indicators of laboratory studies for arresters of the OPNp-110 UHL1 brand.
Research of the process of crushing liquid in a swirl gas flow
Authors: Afanasenko V G , Rubtsov A V , Kulakov P A , Boev E V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Liquid spraying is a common process in the chemical, oil and gas industries. For its implementation, nozzles of various designs are used. The outflow of liquid from the nozzle leads to the fragmentation of the continuous jet into separate drops. This process depends on many factors, including the movement of the continuous phase in which spraying is carried out. This article discusses the relative motion of a liquid when it flows from a nozzle into a rotating gas flow and the conditions for re-crushing of liquid particles.
Digital multi-agent system for simulating natural fire fighting processes
Authors: Dorrer G A , Kobijzhakova S V , Yarovoy S V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A system for modeling and supporting decision-making on the use of forces and means to eliminate wildfires, based on a digital model, implemented in the software “Taiga-Analyst”, is proposed. The system works on the basis of agent-based simulation and allows you to select forces and means to fight a fire, simulate its propagation and elimination with reference to a digital terrain map using a geographic information system. The possibilities and scope of the “Taiga-Analyst” system are described. A decision-making scheme for fighting natural fires is shown, and the use of the system in the process of training fire safety specialists is described.
Mutual influence of the supports stiffness and the first natural frequency at bending vibrations of a spring-hinged beam
Authors: Mityaev A E , Kudryavtsev I V , Khomutov M P , Brungardt M V , Rabetskaya O I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses the analytical finding of the required stiffness values of the supports, which would provide the given first natural frequency of bending vibrations for a spring-hinged beam. The solution is obtained through the support coefficient, the value of which, according to the theory of beam vibrations, connects the stiffness of the support of the beam and the value of its first vibration frequency. For this purpose, preliminary approximation of dependence of support coefficient values on a support stiffness is performed using quadratic analytical functions. In this case, the problem of determining the stiffness of the supports becomes inverse and is reduced to finding combinations of the supports stiffness values, at which there is a solution of the quadratic analytical functions for the required support coefficient and, accordingly, the required first beam frequency. Normalization of the obtained support coefficients is proposed for a more convenient estimation of their influence on the first frequency of beam vibration.
Modern web application development technologies
Authors: Dzhangarov A I , Pakhaev K K , Potapova N V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One of the key areas of modern information technology is the area of programming. Programming is the creation of various programs. If earlier it was, for the most part, about writing programs for the interaction of a user and a computer, today the applied field of programming is no longer limited to anything. These are programs for portable gadgets, medical equipment, space nanotechnology, and so on. Within the framework of this research, the work will focus on web development and specifically - on the development of a web application. This direction is quite popular, since the Internet segment has played a key role in human life. Whether it’s a government-owned company, a private enterprise, or a personal blog, having a website or application is a kind of business card. A web application is a client-server interaction model using browser software. In terms of their structure and logic of work, web applications often resemble the most common desktop solutions, but with one condition - such applications are always launched and executed in the browser.
Estimation of the minimum beam length for the static, dynamic, and stability problems
Authors: Mityaev A E , Kudryavtsev I V , Khomutov M P , Brungardt M V , Kolotov A V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The calculation results of extended elements of structures according to the theory of beam will be correct if the condition for their length is met, which, as is known, should be much more transverse dimensions. The absence of an exact relationship between the transverse dimensions and the length of the beam is caused by the characteristics of the behavior under a load of various types and shapes of cross-sections: open, closed, thin-walled, etc. In this paper, the ratio of the length of the beam to its transverse dimensions is considered, which provides correct results during its static and dynamic loading, as well as during the loss of stability. To do this, two forms of thin-walled cross-sections are selected: circular and rectangular. The problem solution was carried out both analytically and by the finite element method. The results showed that the most stringent requirements are introduced by the theory of stability, according to which the length should be 15 or more times the largest transverse dimension.
Spatial micro-variation of 3D hydrogel stiffness regulates the biomechanical properties of hMSCs
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhu Xiaolu , Cong Xiuli 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are one of the most promising candidates for cell-based therapeutic products. Nonetheless, their biomechanical phenotype after in vitro expansion is still unsatisfactory, for example, restricting the efficiency of microcirculation of delivered hMSCs for further cell therapies. Here, we propose a scheme using maleimide-dextran hydrogel with locally varied stiffness in microscale to modify the biomechanical properties of hMSCs in three-dimensional (3D) niches. We show that spatial micro-variation of stiffness can be controllably generated in the hydrogel with heterogeneously cross-linking via atomic force microscopy measurements. The result of 3D cell culture experiment demonstrates the hydrogels trigger the formation of multicellular spheroids, and the derived hMSCs could be rationally softened via adjustment of the stiffness variation (SV) degree. Importantly, in vitro, the hMSCs modified with the higher SV degree can pass easier through capillary-shaped micro-channels. Further, we discuss the underlying mechanics of the increased cellular elasticity by focusing on the effect of rearranged actin networks, via the proposed microscopic model of biomechanically modified cells. Overall, this work highlights the effectiveness of SV-hydrogels in reprogramming and manufacturing hMSCs with designed biomechanical properties for improved therapeutic potential.
Temporal and spatial expression of adrenomedullin and its receptors in the porcine uterus and peri-implantation conceptuses
Authors: Paudel Sudikshya , Liu Bangmin , Cummings Magdalina J , Quinn Kelsey E , Bazer Fuller W , Caron Kathleen M , Wang Xiaoqiu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is an evolutionarily conserved multifunctional peptide hormone that regulates implantation, embryo spacing, and placentation in humans and rodents. However, the potential roles of ADM in implantation and placentation in pigs, as a litter-bearing species, are not known. This study determined abundances of ADM in uterine luminal fluid, and the patterns of expression of ADM and its receptor components (CALCRL, RAMP2, RAMP3, and ACKR3) in uteri from cyclic and pregnant gilts, as well as conceptuses (embryonic/fetus and its extra-embryonic membranes) during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. Total recoverable ADM was greater in the uterine fluid of pregnant compared with cyclic gilts between Days 10 and 16 post-estrus and was from uterine luminal epithelial (LE) and conceptus trophectoderm (Tr) cells. Uterine expression of CALCRL, RAMP2, and ACKR3 were affected by day (P &lt; 0.05), pregnant status (P &lt; 0.01) and/or day x status (P &lt; 0.05). Within porcine conceptuses, the expression of CALCRL, RAMP2, and ACKR3 increased between Days 10 and 16 of pregnancy. Using an established porcine trophectoderm (pTr1) cell line, it was determined that 10−7 M ADM stimulated proliferation of pTr1 cells (P &lt; 0.05) at 48 h, and increased phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin (p-MTOR) and 4E binding protein 1 (p-4EBP1) by 6.1- and 4.9-fold (P &lt; 0.0001), respectively. These novel results indicate a significant role for ADM in uterine receptivity for implantation and conceptus growth and development in pigs. They also provide a framework for future studies of ADM signaling to affect proliferation and migration of Tr cells, spacing of blastocysts, implantation, and placentation in pigs.
A high level of KLF12 causes folic acid-resistant neural tube defects by activating the Shh signaling pathway in mice†
Authors: Liu Yang , Yuan Qiong , Wang Zhilong , Ding Lijun , Kong Na , Liu Jingyu , Hu Yali , Zhang Yang , Li Chaojun , Yan Guijun , Jiang Yue , Sun Haixiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although adequate periconceptional folic acid (FA) supplementation has reduced the occurrence of pregnancies affected by neural tube defects (NTDs), the mechanisms underlying FA-resistant NTDs are poorly understood, and thus NTDs still remain a global public health concern. A high level of Krüppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) exerts deleterious effects on heath in most cases, but evidence for its roles in development has not been published. We observed KLF12-overexpressing mice showed disturbed neural tube development. KLF12-overexpressing fetuses died in utero at approximately 10.5 days post-coitus, with 100% presenting cranial NTDs. Neither FA nor formate promoted normal neural tube closure in mutant fetuses. The RNA-seq results showed that a high level of KLF12 caused NTDs in mice via overactivating the sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, leading to the upregulation of patched 1, GLI-Krüppel family member GLI1, hedgehog-interacting protein, etc., whereas FA metabolism-related enzymes did not express differently. PF-5274857, an antagonist of the Shh signaling pathway, significantly promoted dorsolateral hinge point formation and partially rescued the NTDs. The regulatory hierarchy between a high level of KLF12 and FA-resistant NTDs might provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of unexplained NTDs in the future.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancer: Translational Risks from Mechanisms to Medicines
Authors: Porter Ross J , Arends Mark J , Churchhouse Antonia M D , Din Shahida 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe cumulative impact of chronic inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases predisposes to the development of inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer [IBD-CRC]. Inflammation can induce mutagenesis, and the relapsing–remitting nature of this inflammation, together with epithelial regeneration, may exert selective pressure accelerating carcinogenesis. The molecular pathogenesis of IBD-CRC, termed the ‘inflammation–dysplasia–carcinoma’ sequence, is well described. However, the immunopathogenesis of IBD-CRC is less well understood. The impact of novel immunosuppressive therapies, which aim to achieve deep remission, is mostly unknown. Therefore, this timely review summarizes the clinical context of IBD-CRC, outlines the molecular and immunological basis of disease pathogenesis, and considers the impact of novel biological therapies.
Bumblebee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Visitation Frequency Drives Seed Yields and Interacts with Site-Level Species Richness to Drive Pollination Services in Sunflower
Authors: Thapa-Magar Khum Bahadur , Davis Thomas Seth 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Understanding whether pollinator behaviors and species richness drive crop yields is a key area of investigation in pollination ecology. Using sunflower as a study species we describe variation in mean floral visitation times among bee taxa and test how interactions between bee richness and the proportion of bumblebees in localized communities impact seed yield. Seven bee genera commonly visited sunflower including Agapostemon, Bombus, Halictus, Lasioglossum, Megachile, Melissodes, and Svastra. Mean visitation times to sunflower varied across genera and Bombus and Halictus spp. spent the most time foraging on inflorescences, but the number of visits by Bombus spp. was the only parameter associated with increased yields. Experimental pollination deficit reduced seed development and yields, and these effects were stronger in stands of wild-type sunflower in the field compared to a confection variety grown in the greenhouse. Relationships between bee richness and pollination services differed for potted and wild sunflower: when bees had short-term access to potted sunflower, bee richness and relative Bombus abundances were not associated with pollination quotients. When bees had long-term access to wild sunflower, relative Bombus abundances predicted pollination services but were modified by site-level bee richness: as richness increased, the effects of Bombus abundance decreased. Our studies demonstrate that bee species richness is not always a clear predictor of pollination services; instead, our results underscore the importance of specific taxa when species richness is low (here, bumblebees), and show that the effects of bee functional groups important for pollination may be modified by changes in site-level species richness.
Human Rights and Resort to Force: Introduction to the Symposium
Authors: Akande Dapo , Johnston Katie A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
While the relationship between the jus in bello and international human rights law has been the subject of considerable debate, less attention has been paid to the relationship between the jus ad bellum and human rights. The United Nations Human Rights Committee’s General Comment 36 on the right to life, adopted on 30 October 2018, brought these questions to the fore with the Committee’s pronouncement that ‘States parties engaged in acts of aggression as defined in international law, resulting in deprivation of life, violate ipso facto article 6 of the Covenant’. The contributions in this Symposium assess three ways of viewing the relationship between the protection of human rights and resort to force. First, the suggestion that resort to force in violation of the jus ad bellum will amount to a violation of the right to life is explored. Second, some contributions examine different arguments as to whether international law permits, justifies or excuses resort to force to protect human rights, and indeed whether it can change to permit such. Third, one contribution examines whether the crime of aggression, as defined in the ICC Statute, covers resort to force to protect human rights.
Prevalence and extent of coronary artery calcification in the middle-aged and elderly population
Authors: Gerke Oke , Lindholt Jes S , Abdo Barzan H , Lambrechtsen Jess , Frost Lars , Steffensen Flemming Hald , Karon Marek , Egstrup Kenneth , Urbonaviciene Grazina , Busk Martin , Mickley Hans , Diederichsen Axel C P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Aims
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) measured on cardiac computed tomography (CT) is an important risk marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and has been included in the prevention guidelines. The aim of this study was to describe CAC score reference values in the middle-aged and elderly population and to develop a freely available CAC calculator.

Methods and results
All participants from two population-based cardiac CT screening cohorts (DanRisk and DANCAVAS) were included. The CAC score was measured as a part of a screening session. Positive CAC scores were log-transformed and non-parametrically regressed on age for each gender, and percentile curves were transposed according to proportions of zero CAC scores. Men had higher CAC scores than women, and the prevalence and extend of CAC increased steadily with age. An online CAC calculator was developed, http://flscripts.dk/cacscore. After entering sex, age, and CAC score, the CAC score percentile and the coronary age are depicted including a figure with the specific CAC score and 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% percentiles. The specific CAC score can be compared to the entire background population or only those without prior CVD.

Conclusion
This study provides modern population-based reference values of CAC scores in men and woman and a freely accessible online CAC calculator. Physicians and patients are very familiar with blood pressure and lipids, but unfamiliar with CAC scores. Using the calculator makes it easy to see if a CAC value is low, moderate, or high, when a physician in the future communicate and discusses a CAC score with a patient.