bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT radiomics nomogram for the preoperative prediction of severe post-hepatectomy liver failure in patients with huge (≥ 10 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xiang Fei , Liang Xiaoyuan , Yang Lili , Liu Xingyu , Yan Sheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to establish a radiomics-based nomogram for predicting severe (grade B or C) post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in patients with huge (≥ 10 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
One hundred eighty-six patients with huge HCC (training dataset, n = 131 and test dataset, n = 55) that underwent curative hepatic resection were included in this study. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) approach was applied to develop a radiomics signature for grade B or C PHLF prediction using the training dataset. A multivariable logistic regression model was used by incorporating radiomics signature and other clinical predictors to establish a radiomics nomogram. Decision tree analysis was performed to stratify the risk for severe PHLF.

Results
The radiomics signature consisting of nine features predicted severe PHLF with AUCs of 0.766 and 0.745 for the training and test datasets. The radiomics nomogram was generated by integrating the radiomics signature, the extent of resection and the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score. The nomogram exhibited satisfactory discrimination ability, with AUCs of 0.842 and 0.863 for the training and test datasets, respectively. Based on decision tree analysis, patients were divided into three risk classes: low-risk patients with radiomics score < -0.247 and MELD score < 10 or radiomics score ≥ − 0.247 but underwent partial resections; intermediate-risk patients with radiomics score < − 0.247 but MELD score ≥10; high-risk patients with radiomics score ≥ − 0.247 and underwent extended resections.

Conclusions
The radiomics nomogram could predict severe PHLF in huge HCC patients. A decision tree may be useful in surgical decision-making for huge HCC hepatectomy.
Down-regulation of SOCS6: an unfavorable prognostic factor for gastrointestinal stromal tumor proven by survival analysis
Authors: Ouyang Jun , An Tailai , Wang Yan , Lu Xiaofang , Zhang Yawei , Wang Xiaokun , Zhang Xinhua , Zhang Changhua 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Many studies reporting that down-regulation of SOCS6 plays vital roles in promoting progression of malignant tumors have been published. The present study was performed to evaluate whether SOCS6 was significantly associated with prognosis of GIST patients.

Methods
Immunohistochemical staining was accomplished to evaluate the expression levels of SOCS6 among GIST patients. The impacts of SOCS6 expression on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of GIST patients were assessed by Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis and Kaplan-Meier curve analysis.

Results
It was demonstrated that the expression level of SOCS6 was significantly associated with tumor size (P=0.001). Then according to Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, low expression of SOCS6 was significantly correlated with worse OS and RFS of GIST patients. Ultimately, it was revealed by Cox proportional regression model analysis that low expression of SOCS6 was an independent predictive factor for OS and RFS.

Conclusions
Low expression of SOCS6 was an independent prognostic factor for GIST, suggesting its potential as a novel biomarker predicting survival of GIST patients.
Clinicopathological and molecular genomic features of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma in the Chinese population: a study of 20 cases
Authors: Chen Chunni , Gong Yuxi , Yang Yefan , Xia Qiuyuan , Rao Qiu , Shao Yang , Zhu Liuqing , Zhang Junli , Li Xiao , Ji Pan , Zhai Boya , Zhang Xiang , Zhang Zhihong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Monomorphic epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (MEITL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a high fatality rate. This study was aimed to explore the clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of MEITL in the Chinese population.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed based on the clinical manifestations and pathological features of 20 Chinese MEITL. 9 cases with paired diseased-normal tissues were also analyzed for molecular information by whole-exome sequencing.

Results
There were 14 men and 6 women with a median age of 58.5 (28-81) years. 17(17/20) lesions were located in the jejunum or ileum; 13(13/20) cases had ulcers or perforations. Microscopically, except for 1(1/20) case of pleomorphic cells, the monomorphic, middle-sized tumor cells infiltrating into the intestinal epithelial and peripheral intestinal mucosa recess could be seen in the other 19 cases. Immunohistochemistry showed that most of the tumor cells in MEITL were positive for CD3(20/20), CD8(17/20), CD43(19/20), and CD56(15/20), but negative for CD5(20/20). The most frequently mutated genes of these Chinese cases were STAT5B (4/9) and TP53 (4/9), not SETD2(2/9). JAK3 mutations (3/9) were also detected with a high mutated frequency. We demonstrated that mutations of JAK-STAT pathway-related genes and the amplification of Chromosome 9q appeared at the same time in most cases(5/9).

Conclusions
The clinicopathological features were consistent with that in previous western studies, but a special case with pleomorphic cells was found in this study. The co-occurrence of JAK-STAT pathway-related gene mutations and the amplification of Chr9q is a molecular feature of MEITL.
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation in a patient with breast cancer during pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Cheng Jiaojiao , Ruan Xiangyan , Du Juan , Jin Fengyu , Li Yanglu , Liu Xiaowei , Wang Husheng , Gu Muqing , Mueck Alfred O. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Fertility preservation using ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) in patients with certain diseases, especially those needing chemo- or radiotherapy, is becoming routine in various Western countries. Our hospital is the first and until now the only centre in China to use this method. The question of whether treatment of breast cancer during pregnancy (PrBC) should be similar to non-pregnant young patients with breast cancer is controversial. To our knowledge, this is the first report worldwide to use OTC as fertility preservation for PrBC.

Case presentation
During the 29th week of pregnancy, a 24-year-old woman underwent needle aspiration cytology of a left breast tumour. Ultrasound and cytology revealed BI-RADS 4a grade. Oncologists recommended termination of the pregnancy. Caesarean section was performed at week 32, and ovarian tissue samples were collected for OTC to preserve fertility and ovarian endocrine function. Twenty-three ovarian cortex slices were cryopreserved. It is estimated that 13,000 follicles were cryopreserved. Breast nodules and sentinel lymph node biopsy suggested invasive micropapillary carcinoma. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was started within 1 week after diagnosis. After six courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy and goserelin acetate, left mastectomy and left axillary lymph node dissection were performed. In total, 23 doses of radiotherapy, eight trastuzumab targeted therapy treatments, and 17 pertuzumab + trastuzumab double targeted therapy treatments were performed after breast cancer surgery. Until now, more than 2 years after delivery, the ovarian function still is good, and no signs of a negative impact of OTC have been observed. Goserelin acetate injections, administered every 28 days, are planned to last for the next 5 years. In addition, endocrine therapy with anastrozole was started after breast cancer surgery and also is scheduled for 5 years.

Conclusion
OTC for fertility preservation in patients with PrBC does not delay breast surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, which is essential for effective treatment of breast cancer. We assess this method as a promising fertility preservation method which was used here for the first time worldwide in a patient who developed breast cancer during pregnancy.
Tiotropium bromide as adjunct therapy in children with asthma: a clinical experience
Authors: Ridha Zainab , Bédard Marc-Antoine , Smyrnova Anna , Drouin Olivier , Pruteanu Aniela , Essouri Sandrine , Ducharme Francine M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The Global Initiative for Asthma has only recently added tiotropium bromide as adjunct controller therapy in severe asthma (Step 4 or 5) in adults (2015) and children (2019). Although not yet approved for pediatric use by Health Canada, it has been occasionally offered by asthma specialists as a therapeutic trial in children with troublesome asthma or treatment for adverse effects. The objective of this study was to describe the indications and real-life clinical experience in initiating tiotropium in children with asthma.

Methods
We designed a retrospective mixed-method case series study of children aged 1–17 years who initiated tiotropium in our tertiary-care centre between 2013 and 2020. Clinical information was extracted from electronic medical records and tiotropium dispensing, from drug claims. Parents/children and physicians independently completed a questionnaire about treatment goals, perceived efficacy, safety, satisfaction, and lessons learned.

Results
The 34 (11 females; 23 males) children had a median (range) age of 9.1 (1.4–17.8) years. Children were primarily on Step 4 (85%) or 5 (6%) prior to tiotropium initiation, yet most (84%) did not increase their treatment step after tiotropium initiation. The physicians’ treatment goals were to improve asthma control, alleviate adverse effects of current therapy, and/or improve lung function. The most improved symptoms were coughing/moist cough, difficulty breathing, whistling breath, and bronchial secretions/mucus. Although most parents and physicians reported a significant benefit with tiotropium bromide, physicians particularly remarked, as their “lesson learned’, on the improvement in chronic symptoms in asthmatic children, particularly those with prominent moist cough and in lung function, in those with seemingly none (or incompletely) reversible obstruction as well as the ability to decrease the ICS and/or LABA dose to lessen adverse effects. A few physicians raised caution on the risk of lower adherence with an additional inhaler.

Conclusion
In children with severe asthma on Step 4 or 5, tiotropium bromide was primarily used as substitute, rather than additional, adjunct therapy to improve asthma control, alleviate adverse effects, and/or to improve lung function. The latter two indications, combined with its perceived effectiveness in children with prominent moist cough, also suggest additional indications of tiotropium to be formally explored.
A polygenic risk score predicts mosaic loss of chromosome Y in circulating blood cells
Authors: Riaz Moeen , Mattisson Jonas , Polekhina Galina , Bakshi Andrew , Halvardson Jonatan , Danielsson Marcus , Ameur Adam , McNeil John , Forsberg Lars A. , Lacaze Paul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Mosaic loss of Y chromosome (LOY) is the most common somatic change that occurs in circulating white blood cells of older men. LOY in leukocytes is associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality and a range of common disease such as hematological and non-hematological cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and cardiovascular events. Recent genome-wide association studies identified up to 156 germline variants associated with risk of LOY. The objective of this study was to use these variants to calculate a novel polygenic risk score (PRS) for LOY, and to assess the predictive performance of this score in a large independent population of older men.

Results
We calculated a PRS for LOY in 5131 men aged 70 years and older. Levels of LOY were estimated using microarrays and validated by whole genome sequencing. After adjusting for covariates, the PRS was a significant predictor of LOY (odds ratio [OR] = 1.74 per standard deviation of the PRS, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.62–1.86, p < 0.001). Men in the highest quintile of the PRS distribution had > fivefold higher risk of LOY than the lowest (OR = 5.05, 95% CI 4.05–6.32, p < 0.001). Adding the PRS to a LOY prediction model comprised of age, smoking and alcohol consumption significantly improved prediction (AUC = 0.628 [CI 0.61–0.64] to 0.695 [CI 0.67–0.71], p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that a PRS for LOY could become a useful tool for risk prediction and targeted intervention for common disease in men.
A generalization to the log-inverse Weibull distribution and its applications in cancer research
Authors: Kumar C. Satheesh , Nair Subha R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper we consider a generalization of a log-transformed version of the inverse Weibull distribution. Several theoretical properties of the distribution are studied in detail including expressions for its probability density function, reliability function, hazard rate function, quantile function, characteristic function, raw moments, percentile measures, entropy measures, median, mode etc. Certain structural properties of the distribution along with expressions for reliability measures as well as the distribution and moments of order statistics are obtained. Also we discuss the maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the proposed distribution and illustrate the usefulness of the model through real life examples. In addition, the asymptotic behaviour of the maximum likelihood estimators are examined with the help of simulated data sets.
Melatonin attenuates radiation-induced cortical bone-derived stem cells injury and enhances bone repair in postradiation femoral defect model
Authors: Hu Wei , Liang Jia-Wu , Liao Song , Zhao Zhi-Dong , Wang Yu-Xing , Mao Xiao-Fei , Hao Si-Wei , Wang Yi-Fan , Zhu Heng , Guo Bin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The healing of bone defects can be challenging for clinicians to manage, especially after exposure to ionizing radiation. In this regard, radiation therapy and accidental exposure to gamma (γ)-ray radiation have been shown to inhibit bone formation and increase the risk of fractures. Cortical bone-derived stem cells (CBSCs) are reportedly essential for osteogenic lineages, bone maintenance and repair. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on postradiation CBSCs and bone defect healing.

Methods
CBSCs were extracted from C57BL/6 mice and were identified by flow cytometry. Then CBSCs were subjected to 6 Gy γ-ray radiation followed by treatment with various concentrations of melatonin. The effects of exogenous melatonin on the self-renewal and osteogenic capacity of postradiation CBSCs in vitro were analyzed. The underlying mechanisms involved in genomic stability, apoptosis and oxidative stress-related signaling were further analyzed by Western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays. Moreover, postradiation femoral defect models were established and treated with Matrigel and melatonin. The effects of melatonin on postradiation bone healing in vivo were evaluated by micro-CT and pathological analysis.

Results
The decrease in radiation-induced self-renewal and osteogenic capacity were partially reversed in postradiation CBSCs treated with melatonin (P < 0.05). Melatonin maintained genomic stability, reduced postradiation CBSC apoptosis and intracellular oxidative stress, and enhanced expression of antioxidant-related enzymes (P < 0.05). Western blotting validated the anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin by downregulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels via the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway. Melatonin was also found to exhibit antioxidant effects via NRF2 signaling. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the newly formed bone in the melatonin plus Matrigel group had higher trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone mineral density values with lower IL-6 and TNF-α levels than in the irradiation and the Matrigel groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
This study suggested that melatonin could protect CBSCs against γ-ray radiation and assist in the healing of postradiation bone defects.
Estimasi Dosis Radiasi 210Po pada Ikan Laut Konsumsi dari Perairan Banda Aceh
Authors: Balqis Risa Chintia , Febriani Febriani , Makmur Murdahayu 
Published: December 2021

The main idea of this study is to calculate 210Po activity in marine biota from Banda Aceh waters and calculate dose estimates for marine biota consumers. Polonium analysis was carried out for Kaka Tua fish, Layur fish, Talang-talang fish, Kawet fish, and sharks using alpha spectrometer. The highest 210Po activity was found in sharks at 16.90 Bq/kg and Kaka tua fish at 16.24 Bq/kg. This activity is slightly above the recommended value for seafood, which is 15 Bq / kg. Based on the calculation, the daily intake for adults is around 0.18-0.41 Bq, for children, it is 0.12-0.27 Bq, and infant are 0.06-0.14 Bq. The daily intake of adults and children exceeds the recommended annual intake limit. However, the annual intake of many countries in the Asian region, including Japan and China, also far exceeds the recommended value. The amount of marine fish consumed significantly influences this annual dose estimate. The estimated dosage of 210Po yearly for adult consumers is 32.3-71.42 µSv/year for children, it ranges from 46.65-103.16 µSv/year, and for infants, it ranges from 78.95-174.58 µSv/year. These values are similar to the UNSCEAR recommended values: around 70, 100, and 180 µSv/year for adults, children, and infants. Ide utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung aktivitas 210Po pada biota laut dari perairan Banda Aceh dan menghitung estimasi dosis terhadap konsumen ikan laut. Analisis polonium dilakukan terhadap sampel ikan ikan kaka tua, ikan layur, ikan talang-talang, ikan kawet, dan ikan hiu menggunakan alfa spektrometer. Hasil penelitian menemukan aktivitas 210Po tertinggi pada ikan hiu yaitu 16,90 Bq/kg, dan ikan Kaka tua sebesar 16,24 Bq/kg. Aktivitas ini sedikit diatas nilai yang direkomendasikan untuk makanan laut, yaitu sebesar 15 Bq/kg. Berdasarkan perhitungan, asupan harian terhadap orang dewasa sekitar 0,18–0,41 Bq, untuk anak anak sebesar 0,12–0,27 Bq dan bayi sebesar 0,06-0,14 Bq. Asupan harian dewasa dan anak melebih batas tahunan asupan yang direkomendasikan, namun asupan tahunan dari banyak Negara di kawasan Asia termasuk Jepang dan China juga jauh melebih nilai yang direkomendasikan Jumlah konsumsi ikan laut sangat berpengaruh terhadap estimasi dosis tahunan ini. Penghitungan estimasi dosis 210Po tahunan terhadap konsumen dewasa adalah sebesar 32,3–71,42 µSv/tahun, untuk anak anak berkisar antara 46,65–103,16 µSv/tahun dan untuk bayi berkisar antara 78,95–174,58 µSv/tahun. Nilai ini mirip dengan nilai rekomendasi UNSCEAR, yaitu sekitar 70, 100 dan 180 µSv/tahun untuk dewasa, anak anak dan bayi.
Pengaruh El Niño Terhadap Pola Distribusi Klorofil-a dan Pola Arus di Wilayah Perairan Selatan Maluku
Authors: Haryanto Yosafat Donni , Hadiman Hadiman , Agdialta Rezfiko , Riama Nelly Florida 
Published: December 2021

El Niño is a phenomenon that can affect changes in weather and climate elements in Indonesia, especially rainfall. During the El Niño events, the rainfall in Maluku region tended to decrease. This condition can indeed cause prolonged drought. However, El Niño events also have a positive impact, especially in water areas. During the El Niño events, the chlorophyll-a concentration in the water will increase. This is due to the upwelling process that removes nutrients from the sea. High chlorophyll-a concentrations will bring pelagic fish species in the waters. The correlation test between sea surface temperature (SST) during El Niño and chlorophyll-a has a value of -0.91. This correlation value indicates that when SST increases, the chlorophyll-a concentration in the waters will decrease, on the other hand, if SST has decreased, the chlorophyll-a concentration in the water will increase. The value of chlorophyll-a concentration in the water during the El Niño event (July - February) showed a significant increase compared to during normal conditions. Of all the El Niño events, 2015 to 2016 was the year with the strongest El Niño events. The chlorophyll-a concentration during El Niño 2015 to 2016 was very high, ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 mg / m3. The results obtained indicate that the El Niño event has a positive correlation with the increase in chlorophyll-a concentration in the water. El Niño merupakan fenomena yang tidak bisa dihindari, kejadian El Niño dapat mengurangi curah hujan seperti di wilayah Maluku. Namun, kejadian El Niño juga mempunyai dampak postif khususnya di wilayah perairan. Pada saat terjadi El Niño maka konsentrasi klorofil-a di perairan akan meningkat. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya proses upwelling yang mengangkat nutrisi dari dalam laut. Konsentrasi klorofil-a yang tinggi akan mendatangkan jenis ikan pelagis di perairan. Uji korelasi antara suhu permukaan laut (SST) pada saat El Niño dengan klorofil-a memiliki nilai - 0.91. Nilai korelasi ini menunjukkan bahwa pada saat SST mengalami kenaikan maka konsentrasi klorofil di perairan akan menurun, sebaliknya jika SST mengalami penurunan maka konsentrasi klorofil diperairan akan meningkat. Nilai konsentrasi klorofil-a diperairan pada saat kejadian El Niño (Juli - Februari) menunjukkan peningkatan yang cukup signifikan dibandingkan pada saat tidak terjadi El Niño . Dari semua kejadian El Niño , tahun 2015 - 2016 merupakan kejadian dengan El Niño yang sangat kuat. Konsentrasi klorofil-a pada saat El Niño 2015 - 2016 sangat tinggi berkisar 0.2 - 1.0 mg/m3. Dari hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa kejadian El Niño dapat mempengaruhi konsentrasi klorofil-a diperairan.