bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Hygiene and Oral Microbiota in Children with Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Study
Authors: Fregatto Luiz Fernando , Costa Isabela Bazzo , Teixeira Daniel De Bortoli , Duarte Janaina Costa Marangon , Mascarin Aline Maria Noli , Junior Salum Bueno da Silveira , Serva Bianca Eduarda Baptistella Mesquita , Silva Roberta Gonçalves da , Junior Francisco Agostinho , Cola Paula Cristina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective

This study compared the oral hygiene and oral microbiota in children with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia with and without gastrostomy. Method: Forty children and young people participated in this study: 19 females and 21 males, aged 2 to 22 years (mean age 8.6 years). Participants were divided into two groups: group I (GI = 20) with gastrostomy and group II (GII = 20) without gastrostomy (with oral feeding). Oral hygiene was assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI). Analysis of two bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, was performed by collecting saliva using an oral swab, then mRNA expression was evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.
Results

The oral hygiene index had a general median of 2.2, and the two groups were statistically different (Group I: median 2.9 and Group II: median 2.0) (p = 0.01751). Bacterial analysis indicated 13 individuals with S. mutans and none with S. sobrinus. Of the 13 individuals with S. mutans, 6 were from Group I and 7 from Group II.
Conclusions

Those with gastrostomy had worse oral hygiene, and both groups harbored the bacterium Streptococcus mutans.
Comparative Mitogenomics of Two Critically Endangered Turtles, Batagur Kachuga and Batagur Dhongoka (Testudines: Geoemydidae): Implications in Phylogenetics of Freshwater Turtles
Authors: Kumar Ajit , Yadav Prabhaker , Usmani Aftab , Hussain Syed Ainul , Gupta Sandeep Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Red-crowned roofed turtle (Batagur kachuga) and Three-striped roofed turtle (B. dhongoka) are ‘critically endangered’ turtles in the Geoemydidae family. Herein, we generated the novel mitochondrial genome sequence of B. kachuga (16,155) and B. dhongoka (15,620) and compared it with other turtles species. Batagur mitogenome has 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and one control region (CR). The genome composition was biased toward A + T, with positive AT-skew and negative GC-skew. In the examined species, all 13 PCGs were started by ATG codons, except COI gene, which was initiated by GTG. The majority of mito-genes were encoded on the heavy strand, except eight tRNAs and the ND6 region. We observed a typical cloverleaf structure for all tRNA, excluding tRNASer (AGN), where the base pairs of the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm were abridged. Bayesian Inference (BI) based phylogenetic analysis was constructed among 39 species from six Testudines families, exhibited a close genetic relationship between Batagur and Pangshura with a high supporting value (PP ~ 0.99). It provides additional mitogenomic resources for further study of the Testudines evolutionary patterns.
EFFICACY OF QUADRATUS LUMBORUM BLOCKS IN ROBOTIC NEPHRECTOMY- A RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW.
Authors: B.H Poonam Pai , Lai Yan H. , Onayemi Abimbola , Lin Hung-Mo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Abstract: With the implementation of enhanced recovery pathways (ERAS) in kidney surgeries, regional techniques are being considered an important aspect of multimodal analgesia. Abdominal blocks such as quadratus lumborum block (QLB) have been used as an effective analgesic in abdominal surgeries, however their efficacy in kidney surgery remains unknown. To our best knowledge, there are no clinical studies exploring the relationship between QLBs and post-operative opioid consumption in robotic laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Study Objectives: Assess analgesic efficacy between QLB and post-operative opioid consumption in robotic laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Design and Setting: A retrospective chart review was conducted by querying the electronic medical record system of 2,200 bed tertiary academic hospital center in New York City.

Outcomes: The primary measured outcome was postoperative morphine milli equivalent (MME) consumption for the first 24 hours. Secondary outcomes include intra-operative MME, as well as postoperative pain scores measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS) scale at 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours post-operatively.

Results: The mean total post-operative MME in the pQLB group was 11 [4, 18] and 15 [5.6, 28] in the control group (p =.001). There was a significant reduction in intra-operative MME in the QLB group in comparison to the control group. This reduction was not seen in post-operative MME. There was no significant difference in pain scores at any of the measured time points up to 24 hours post-operatively.

Conclusion: Our study provides compelling support that ultrasound guided QLB significantly decreased intra operative opioid requirements but did not have the same effect on postoperative opioid requirements following robotic kidney surgeries in the context of an ERAS pathway.

Keywords: Kidney surgeries, Robotic laparoscopic nephrectomy, quadratus lumborum block (QLB), enhanced recovery pathways (ERAS)
Environmental And Anthropogenic Gravity Contributions At The Þeistareykir Geothermal Field, North Iceland
Authors: Forster Florian , Güntner Andreas , Jousset Philippe , Reich Marvin , Männel Benjamin , Hinderer Jacques , Erbas Kemal 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Continuous high resolution gravimetry is increasingly used to monitor mass distribution changes in volcanic, hydrothermal or other complex geosystems. To quantify the often small target signals, gravity contributions from, e.g., atmospheric mass changes, global and local hydrology should be accounted for. We set up three iGrav superconducting gravity meters for continuous monitoring of the Þeistareykir geothermal field in North Island. Additionally, we installed a set of hydrometeorological sensors at each station for continuous observation of local pressure changes, soil moisture, snow and vertical surface displacement. We show that the contribution of these environmental parameters to the gravity signal does not exceed 10 µGal (1 µGal = 10-8 m s-2), mainly resulting from vertical displacement and snow accumulation. The seasonal gravity contributions (global atmosphere, local and global hydrology) are in the order of ±2 µGal at each station. Using the environmental observations together with standard gravity corrections for instrumental drift and tidal effects, we comprehensively reduced the iGrav time series. The gravity residuals were compared to groundwater level changes and geothermal mass flow rates (extraction and injection) of the Þeistareykir power plant. The direct response of the groundwater levels and a time-delayed response of the gravity signal to changes in extraction and injection suggest that the geothermal system is subject to a partially confined aquifer. Our observations indicate that a sustainable “equilibrium” state of the reservoir is reached at extraction flow rates below 240 kg s-1 and injection flow rates below 160 kg s-1.
Structure-Guided Steric Hindrance Engineering of Bacillus Badies Phenylalanine Dehydrogenase for Efficient L-Homophenylalanine Synthesis
Authors: Wu Tao , Mu Xiaoqing , Xue Yuyan , Xu Yan , Nie Yao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Direct reductive amination of prochiral 2-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid (2-OPBA) catalyzed by phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PheDH) is highly attractive in the synthesis of the pharmaceutical chiral building block L-homophenylalanine (L-HPA) given that its sole expense is ammonia and that water is the only byproduct. Current issues in this field include a poor catalytic efficiency and a low substrate loading.Results: In this study, we report a structure-guided steric hindrance engineering of PheDH from Bacillus badies to create an enhanced biocatalyst for efficient L-HPA synthesis. Mutagenesis libraries based on molecular docking, double-proximity filtering, and a degenerate codon significantly increased catalytic activity. Seven superior mutants were acquired, and the optimal triple-site mutant V309G/L306V/V144G showed a 12.9-fold higher kcat/Km value than wild-type. A paired reaction system comprising V309G/L306V/V144G and glucose dehydrogenase converted 1.08 M 2-OPBA to L-HPA in 210 min, and the specific space-time conversion was 30.9 mmoL·g−1·L−1·h−1. The substrate loading and specific space-time conversion are the highest values to date. Docking simulation revealed increases in substrate-binding volume and additional degrees of freedom of the substrate 2-OPBA in the pocket. Tunnel analysis suggested the formation of new enzyme tunnels and the expansion of existing ones.Conclusions: Overall, the results show that the mutant V309G/L306V/V144G has the potential for the industrial synthesis of L-HPA. The modified steric hindrance engineering approach can be a valuable addition to the current enzyme engineering toolbox.
High Performance Nanoplasmonic UV/VIS/NIR Photodetector Fabricated in Ambient Condition
Authors: Banerjee Debika , Asuo Ivy , Fortier Francois-Xavier , Pignolet Alain , Cloutier Sylvain 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Surface plasmon based techniques are widely used to promote the exciton generation and light absorption in solar cells and photodetectors. In this work, a feasible approach for UV-VIS-NIR photodetection using plasmon induced silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and amorphous TiO2 heterostructure is presented. The photodetector shows excellent photoresponse up to 3.5 orders of magnitude enhancement with a rise/decay time constants of 0.75/0.5 µs. Under small bias (1V), the photodetector exhibits very high responsivity up to 49 A/W at 532 nm irradiation over a broadband wavelength range from 300–1100 nm. These figures of merits represent the excellent performance over the reported heterojunction based photodetectors. Our finding offers new opportunities to engineer plasmon-based nanostructures in different fields like chemical sensors, optoelectronics and nanophotonics applications.
A novel neuromotor reprogramming treatment modality for temporomandibular disorders: a pilot retrospective observational study
Authors: Franck Remillieux , anjos Typhanie Dos , Gilles Chaufferin , Philippe Gerentes 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if neuromotor programming using the ALLYANE® process would significantly improve mouth-opening capacity in patients suffering from temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
Methods

A total of 21 adult patients (20 females and 1 male; mean age = 44 years) who underwent a rehabilitation session with neuromotor reprogramming were included. Maximal mouth opening (MMO) was measured before and just after neuromotor reprogramming session.
Results

The results showed a statistically significant (p < 0.001) mean gain of 4.95 mm (+ 13%) after neuromotor reprogramming. Furthermore, this preliminary study showed that the gain registered in patients with a lower-than-normal mouth opening and improvement of lateral movements were greater than the one obtained with the other patients.
Conclusions

Although these preliminary results need confirmation, the study suggests that the use of neuromotor reprogramming in patients suffering from TMD could present new possibilities for enhanced outcomes, in particular to relax the stomatognathic system with a noninvasive, reversible therapy without known side effects, providing open new perspectives in the area of joint diseases.
Analysis of the Intestinal Microbial Community Altered During Rotavirus Infection in Suckling Mice
Authors: Zhao wei , Tao xiaoli , Yu Meiling , Cheng Meihui , Liu Changcheng , Liu Yang , Li Yong Gang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background：Rotavirus (RV) is a principal cause of diarrhea. However, there is a limited understanding regarding alteration of the gut microbial community structure and abundance during RV infection. This study was to characterize any potential associations between RV infection and the intestinal microbiota. Methods: Suckling mice were divided into normal group (NC) and infected group (RV) randomly. All of the suckling mice were euthanized four days post-RV infection. The virus titer was counted as fluorescent focus assay (FFA), and viral load was quantified by QPCR. Five sucking mice were randomly selected from each RV group and NC group for sample collection and pathological analysis. All of the suckling mice mixed intestinal contents of the colon and rectum were collected. To investigate the detailed relationship between RV infection and intestinal microbiota, the composition and distribution of intestinal microbiota from suckling mice were first analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology. Results: The results of the pathological characteristics showed that vacuolar degeneration, vasodilation, hyperemia, and destruction of the intestinal epithelium were apparent in the RV group. Representative genera from Lactobacillus and Fusobacterium were enriched in the NC group, while the Enterococcus and Escherichia/Shigella genera were enriched in the RV group. Helicobacter, Alloprevotrlla, Brevundimonas, Paenibacillus, and Parabacteroides were completely undetectable in the RV group. The predicted intestinal flora metabolic function results showed that “carbohydrate metabolism” and “lipid metabolism” pathways were significantly enriched within the NC group. A significant difference has been observed in the gut microbiota composition between the two groups. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated a significant difference in the gut microbiota composition in RV-infected suckling mice as compared to the RV un-infected suckling mice group. This work may provide meaningful information regarding the bacterial genera changed during RV infection. Moreover, the changes in these bacteria may affect the replication of RV and contribute to the pathogenesis of RV infection.
Influence of serum vitamin D status on severe sarcopenia among female patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the KURAMA database
Authors: Minamino Hiroto , Katsushima Masao , Torii Mie , Yamamoto Wataru , Fujita Yoshihito , Ikeda Kaori , Okamura Emi , Murakami Kosaku , Watanabe Ryu , Murata Koichi , Ito Hiromu , Tanaka Masao , Arai Hidenori , Matsuda Shuichi , Morinobu Akio , Inagaki Nobuya , Hashimoto Motomu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related disease with an increased risk of mortality. It is emerging that low serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) affects the sarcopenic state in general, but in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), these associations are not understood although the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in RA. We conducted a cross-sectional study of older female outpatients from our cohort (KURAMA) database. We measured skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and gait-speed to diagnose severe sarcopenia. The serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. A total of 156 Patients (sarcopenia:44.9%, severe sarcopenia: 29.5%, and without sarcopenia: 25.6%) were enrolled. Classification of vitamin D status at a cutoff point of median 25(OH)D concentration revealed that low 25(OH)D status was associated with a high prevalence of severe sarcopenia and with low measured values of muscle mass, handgrip, and gait-speed. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis identified that low 25(OH)D status was associated with a high prevalence of severe sarcopenia (OR 6.00; 95% CI 1.99–18.08). In components of sarcopenia, both low physical performance and muscle mass were associated with low 25(OH) status. In conclusion, vitamin D levels are associated with severe sarcopenia and its components, and modification of vitamin D status including vitamin D supplementation may play a role in improving sarcopenia in RA.
Vehicles Routing Arrangement for Prevention and Suppression Patrol: Process Model of Police Stations in Thailand
Authors: Muangpan Thanyaphat , Muangpan Tuedpong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease has affected to economic economics and society results in the, resulting in increasing crime problems increasing. Under circumstances with limited patrol officers, the prevention and suppression operations must be analyzed for vehicle routing for prevention and suppression patrols to reduce the patrol distance, time and fuel. This research aims to analyze the vehicle routing arrangement of the prevention and suppression patrol officers and to develop a routing process model of the prevention and suppression patrol management. Quantitative research is applied with Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) the traveling salesman problem (TSP), which is utilized to established the establish prevention and suppression patrol routes. The qualitative Qualitative research is applied with content analysis, which is utilized to develop to the routing process model. The vehicle routes of the prevention and suppression patrol are arranged in the route set. These results are shown show the average of the route, distance and shortest patrol time of the patrol officers, which are cover all risk point patrol. Also, patrols. Additionally, a patrol routing model is presented to arrange the process of prevention and suppression patrol operation. This key process is applied to well manage the prevention and suppression patrol well, and these benefits are to reduce the patrol distance, patrol time and fuel cost. Additionally, this practice has increased the patrol rounds at risk points, resulting in the reduction in crimes and upgrading the good practices in patrol operations.
Somatic health care professionals’ stigmatization of patients with mental disorder: a scoping review
Authors: Sølvhøj Ida Nielsen , Kusier Amalie Oxholm , Pedersen Pia Vivian , Nielsen Maj Britt Dahl 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Patients with mental disorders have an increased risk of developing somatic disorders, just as they have a higher risk of dying from them. These patients often report feeling devaluated and rejected by health professionals in the somatic health care system, and increasing evidence shows that disparities in health care provision contribute to poor health outcomes. The aim of this review was to map and synthesize literature on somatic health professionals’ stigmatization toward patients with mental disorders.
Methods

We conducted a scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and carried out a systematic search in three databases: Cinahl, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO in May-June 2019. Peer-reviewed articles published in English or Scandinavian languages during 2008–2019 were reviewed according to title, abstract and full-text reading. We organized and analyzed data using NVivo.
Results

A total of 137 articles meeting the eligibility criteria were reviewed and categorized as observational studies (n = 73) and intervention studies (n = 64). A majority of studies (N = 85) focused on patients with an unspecified number of mental disorders, while 52 studies focused on specific diagnoses, primarily schizophrenia (n = 13), self-harm (n = 13), and eating disorders (n = 9). Half of the studies focused on health students (n = 64), primarily nursing students (n = 26) and medical students (n = 25), while (n = 66) focused on health care professionals, primarily emergency staff (n = 16) and general practitioners (n = 13). Additionally, seven studies focused on both health professionals and students. A detailed characterization of the identified intervention studies was conducted, resulting in eight main types of interventions.
Conclusions

The large number of studies identified in this review suggests that stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors toward patients with mental disorders is a worldwide challenge within a somatic health care setting. For more targeted interventions, there is a need for further research on underexposed mental diagnoses and knowledge on whether specific health professionals have a more stigmatizing attitude or behavior toward specific mental disorders.
Circulating microRNA-7 regulates insulin, inflammatory and GnRH signaling pathways by targeting IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 genes in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: BHUSHAN Ravi , Rani Anjali , Gupta Deepali , Ali Akhtar , Tripathi Anima , Dubey Pawan K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aims/hypothesisSmall non-coding micro RNAs (miRNAs) are indicated in various metabolic processes and play a critical role in disease pathology, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The purpose of this study was to examine the altered expression of miRNAs and their target genes in placental tissue (PL), cord blood (CB), and maternal blood (MB) of matched non-glucose tolerant (NGT) and GDM mother. MethodsIn a case-control study, micro-RNA was quantified from forty-five serum (MB n = 15, CB n = 15, and PL n = 15) and matched placental tissue using stem-loop RT-qPCR followed by target prediction, network construction and functional and pathways enrichment analysis. Further, target genes were verified in-vitro through transfection and RT-qPCR. ResultsFive miRNAs, namely hsa-let 7a-5P, hsa-miR7-5P, hsa-miR9-5P, hsa-miR18a-5P, and hsa-miR23a-3P, were significantly over-expressed (p < 0.05) in all three samples namely PL, CB, and MB of GDM patients. However, the sample-wise comparison reveals higher expression of miRNA 7 in MB while lowest in CB than control. Furthermore, a comparison of fold change expression of target genes discloses a lower expression of IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 in MB while comparatively higher expression of NRAS in MB and CB. In-vitro validation reveals lower expression of IRS1/2 and RAF1 in response to overexpression of miR-7 and vice-versa. Thus it is evident that increased miRNA7 expression causes down-regulation of its target genes IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 in GDM mother compared to control. Further, target prediction, pathway enrichment, and hormone analysis (significantly higher FSH & LH in MB of GDM compared to NGT) revealed the insulin signaling, inflammatory and GnRH signaling as major pathways regulated by miRNA7. Conclusions/InterpretationsThus, an elevated level of miRNA7 may be associated with the progression of GDM by altering the multiple pathways like insulin, GnRH, and inflammatory signaling pathways via targeting IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1, implicating a new therapeutic target for GDM.
­­SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein: from genomic data to structural new insights
Authors: Marques-Pereira Catarina , Pires Manuel , Gouveia Raquel , Pereira Nadia , Caniceiro Ana , Rosário-Ferreira Nicia , Moreira Irina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is composed by four structural proteins and several accessory non-structural proteins. SARS-CoV-2's most abundant structural protein, Membrane (M) protein, has a pivotal role both during viral infection cycle and host interferon antagonism. This is a highly conserved viral protein, thus an interesting and suitable target for drug discovery.In this paper, we explain the structural and dynamic nature of M protein homodimer. To do so, we developed and applied a detailed and robust in silico workflow to predict M protein dimeric structure, membrane orientation, and interface characterization. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in M protein were retrieved from over 1.2 M SARS-CoV-2 genomes and proteins from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database, 91 of which were located at the predicted dimer interface. Among those, we identified SNPs in Variants of Concern (VOC) and Variants of Interest (VOI). Binding free energy differences were evaluated for dimer interfacial SNPs to infer mutant protein stabilities. A few high-prevalent mutated residues were found to be especially relevant in VOC and VOI. This realization may be a game changer to structure driven formulation of new therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2.