bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saudi Diabetic Patients’ Beliefs and Experiences with Health Related Information from Social Media
Authors: Alotaibi Mohammed Matar , Mohd Abdul Bari 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Social media and acceptance of the information related to health is becoming acceptable to an extent for the public. The use of social media is rapidly growing and it is being used both by healthcare professionals and patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of social networking applications for experience and behaviour towards health information among diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study, conducted in spring of 2020 (April to May). The distribution of the survey questionnaire was done online through various social media platforms with a convenience sample of people with diabetes (n=569), Eligibility criteria were aged 18 and above, Saudis with diagnosis of diabetes and willing to give consent were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were less than 18 years old and non-Saudis and non-diabetic.
Results: Analysis of online survey data indicated that WhatsApp (89.1%) was the most commonly used social network followed by Snapchat (66.3%), Instagram (40.6%), Twitter (35%), Telegram (19.5%), Tiktok (12.5%) and Facebook (10%). About 25 (4.4%) participants strongly agreed that health information from social media impact life positively. More than half 290(51%) participants agreed to apply information only from the trusted websites. Near about half 275(48.3%) disagreed that social media could invent treatment for diabetes more than believing in health institution and medicinal industries. Nearly one-fourth 141(24.8%) of participants agreed that all health information from social media is right. Almost 264 (46.4%) said that they sometimes face health information in social media. Nearly 265(46.6%) patients mentioned that they never applied themselves any information claiming treating diabetes.
Conclusion: This study shows the effect of social media on diabetic patients and various responses of diabetic patients in regard of their beliefs and experience towards health information from social media. Most of the respondents agreed that they apply information obtained from social network and the same could lead to some deleterious effects on health.
Effects of violent and nonviolent sexualized media on aggression‐related thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and behaviors: A meta‐analytic review
Authors: Burnay Jonathan , Kepes Sven , Bushman Brad J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWomen are often depicted as sex objects rather than as human beings in the media (e.g., magazines, television programs, films, and video games). Theoretically, media depictions of females as sex objects could lead to negative attitudes and even aggressive behavior toward them in the real world. Using the General Aggression Model (Anderson & Bushman, 2002) as a theoretical framework, this meta‐analytic review synthesizes the literature on the effects of sexualized media (both violent and nonviolent) on aggression‐related thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors. Our sample includes 166 independent studies involving 124,236 participants, which yielded 321 independent effects. Overall, the effects were “small” to “moderate” in size (r = .16 [.14–.18]). Significant correlations were found in experimental, cross‐sectional, and longitudinal studies, indicating a triangulation of evidence. Effects were stronger for violent sexualized media (r = .25 [.19–.31]) than for nonviolent sexualized media (r = .15 [.13–.17]), although the effects of nonviolent sexualized media were still significant and nontrivial in size. Moreover, the effects of violent sexualized media on aggression were greater than the effects of violent non‐sexualized media on aggression obtained in previous meta‐analyses. Effects were similar for male and female participants, for college students and non‐students, and for participants of all ages. The effects were also stable over time. Sensitivity analyses found that effects were not unduly influenced by publication bias and/or outliers. In summary, exposure to sexualized media content, especially in combination with violence, has negative effects on women, particularly on what people think about them and how aggressively they treat them.
Recommendations to disclose sexual assault are motivated by retribution among women who endorse honor values
Authors: Crowder Marisa K. , McLean Caitlin L. , Kemmelmeier Markus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRape arrests are higher in US states wherein residents more typically endorse honor values. Because honor values reflect an association between reputation and self‐worth, which is based on one's ability to uphold traditional gender norms, one should expect that women who endorse honor values are motivated to conceal a sexual assault. However, honor values also engender the expectation that women defend their reputations if threatened. Thus, women from honor cultures should be more likely to seek retribution by disclosing a sexual assault to others. The current research investigates the impact of honor values on the recommendation to disclose a sexual assault when women believe the victim is motivated to protect her reputation. We evaluated the role of common post‐rape emotions (shame, anger, and fear) on motivations to either conceal a “victim” status or to punish the transgression. In two studies, US women (total n = 842) responded to vignettes of sexual assault that varied the relationship of the perpetrator (acquaintance or husband). Using path modeling to test the two competing hypotheses, we found that women who endorsed honor values more strongly perceived that the victim of a sexual assault experienced more anger and fear, was more likely to seek retribution, and, in turn, were more likely to recommend that she disclose to confidants (similar across the acquaintance and husband scenarios). These findings may help increase researchers' and practitioners' cultural understanding of the help‐seeking behavior of survivors of sexual assault across different communities.
Rationally Designed Dual‐Mesoporous Transition Metal Oxides/Noble Metal Nanocomposites for Fabrication of Gas Sensors in Real‐Time Detection of 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐Butanone Biomarker
Authors: Ma Junhao , Li Yanyan , Li Jichun , Yang Xuanyu , Ren Yuan , Alghamdi Abdulaziz A. , Song Guoxin , Yuan Kaiping , Deng Yonghui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTransition metal oxides/noble metal (TMOs/NM) nanocomposites are one kind of important material for semiconductor gas sensors. The controllable construction of a highly connected mesoporous structure and easily accessible active sites is essential for gas sensing performance but remains a great challenge. Herein, a soluble mercapto phenolic resin polymer mediated co‐assembly approach is proposed for the construction of ordered dual mesoporous structure and the simultaneous loading of highly dispersed noble metal nanoparticles. The home‐made soluble mercapto phenolic resin polymer enabled the co‐assembly of transition metal precursors, noble metal precursors, and poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐polystyrene (PEO‐b‐PS) micelles, resulting in a straightforward synthesis of ordered dual‐mesoporous TMOs/NM nanocomposites (e.g., WO3/Au, TiO2/Au, NbOx/AuPd). As proof of the concept, the synthesized dual‐mesoporous WO3/Au materials are applied for sensing of 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone, a biomarker of food‐borne pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes. The sensors exhibit high sensitivity (Ra/Rg = 18.8 to 2.5 ppm) and high selectivity based on their noble metal sensitization and superior mesopore connectivity for gas diffusion. Furthermore, the synthesized gas sensors are integrated into a wireless sensing module connected to a smartphone, providing a rapid and convenient real‐time detection of 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone.
Strain‐Enabled Phase Transition of Periodic Metasurfaces
Authors: Yu Jiancan , Liu Zhihua , Wang Ming , Wang Changxian , Chen Geng , Cui Zequn , Wang Ting , Yang Hui , Wang Xiaotian , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhase transitions are universal in solid‐state matters, as well as in periodic electromagnetic metasurfaces—the photonic analogues of crystals. Although such transitions dictate the properties of active metasurfaces, universal ways to describe the structure transition of periodic metasurfaces have not yet been established. Here, the authors report the strain‐enabled phase transition (or lattice deformation) of stretchable metasurfaces with the crystallographic description. They analytically and experimentally demonstrate the phase transition of plasmonic lattices between two arbitrary 2D Bravais lattices under certain strain configurations. The strain‐induced symmetry lowering of the structures gives rise to optical anisotropy upon polarization, namely, linearly and circularly polarized dichroism. They further demonstrate the potential of phase transition in information decoding with applied strain. Interpreting the phase transition of metasurfaces from a standpoint of symmetry would accelerate the discovery of emergent properties, and provide a generalizable approach to designing active metasurfaces.
Optimized Colossal Near‐Field Thermal Radiation Enabled by Manipulating Coupled Plasmon Polariton Geometry
Authors: Shi Kezhang , Chen Zhaoyang , Xu Xinan , Evans Julian , He Sailing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCollective optoelectronic phenomena such as plasmons and phonon polaritons can drive processes in many branches of nanoscale science. Classical physics predicts that a perfect thermal emitter operates at the black body limit. Numerous experiments have shown that surface phonon polaritons allow emission two orders of magnitude above the limit at a gap distance of ≈50 nm. This work shows that a supported multilayer graphene structure improves the state of the art by around one order of magnitude with a ≈1129‐fold‐enhancement at a gap distance of ≈55 nm. Coupled surface plasmon polaritons at mid‐ and far‐infrared frequencies allow for near‐unity photon tunneling across a broad swath of k‐space enabling the improved result. Electric tuning of the Fermi‐level allows for the detailed characterization and optimization of the colossal nanoscale heat transfer.
Uncommon Behavior of Li Doping Suppresses Oxygen Redox in P2‐Type Manganese‐Rich Sodium Cathodes
Authors: Xiao Biwei , Liu Xiang , Chen Xi , Lee Gi‐Hyeok , Song Miao , Yang Xin , Omenya Fred , Reed David M. , Sprenkle Vincent , Ren Yang , Sun Cheng‐Jun , Yang Wanli , Amine Khalil , Li Xin , Xu Guiliang , Li Xiaolin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUtilizing both cationic and anionic oxygen redox reactions is regarded as an important approach to exploit high‐capacity layered cathode materials with earth abundant elements. It has been popular strategies to effectively elevate the oxygen redox activities by Li‐doping to introduce unhybridized O 2p orbitals in NaxMnO2‐based chemistries or enabling high covalency transition metals in P2‐Na0.66MnxTM1−xO2 (TM = Fe, Cu, Ni) materials. Here, the effect of Li doping on regulating the oxygen redox activities P2‐structured Na0.66Ni0.25Mn0.75O2 materials is investigated. Systematic X‐ray characterizations and ab initio simulations have shown that the doped Li has uncommon behavior in modulating the density of states of the neighboring Ni, Mn, and O, leading to the suppression of the existing oxygen and Mn redox reactivities and the promotion of the Ni redox. The findings provide a complementary scenario to current oxygen redox mechanisms and shed lights on developing new routes for high‐performance cathodes.
Bioinspired Perfluorocarbon‐Based Oxygen Carriers with Concave Shape and Deformable Shell
Authors: Fu Xiaoting , Ohta Seiichi , Kawakatsu Takahiro , Kamihira Masamichi , Sakai Yasuyuki , Ito Taichi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHuman red blood cells (hRBCs) possess a unique biconcave structure with a highly deformable cell membrane and condensed cytosol hemoglobin for oxygen delivery. Inspired by hRBCs, novel deformable core‐shell particles are developed as perfluorocarbon‐based oxygen carriers (OCs), called “cDFCs” (concave‐shaped deformable PFC‐based OCs), using the Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification technique. cDFCs have a perfluorooctyl bromide core of high oxygen solubility and poly(lactide‐co‐caprolactone) shell, which is thin and highly deformable. They have an optical equivalent diameter of 7.9 ± 2.5 µm and a unique concave shape. Owing to their low Young's modulus (93 kPa) and their diameter and shape, they successfully pass through a 4.5‐µm‐gap silicon microchannel as a blood capillary model. Enhanced oxygen supply to multiple layered cells is demonstrated under hypoxic conditions, indicating their efficiency as OCs. cDFCs are new potential OCs in tissue engineering and blood substitution in the future.
Agricultural support and contaminated spillovers: The effects of agricultural water pollution on adult health in China
Authors: Lu Na , Villa Kira M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUsing rich longitudinal data combined with administrative water quality data from China, we examine the causal impact of agricultural water pollution on adult health outcomes. To obtain exogenous variation in agricultural water pollution, we use a quasi‐experimental design and exploit a series of agricultural support policies enacted in China in the mid‐2000s. We find that agricultural water pollution worsens health outcomes through increased incidence of morbidity and lower body mass index. We additionally find these adverse health effects largely operate through contaminated drinking water and are thus primarily born by those without access to water treated at a water plant.
Genetic diversity of wild and cultivated Coffea canephora in northeastern DR Congo and the implications for conservation
Authors: Vanden Abeele Samuel , Janssens Steven B. , Asimonyio Anio Justin , Bawin Yves , Depecker Jonas , Kambale Bienfait , Mwanga Mwanga Ithé , Ebele Tshimi , Ntore Salvator , Stoffelen Piet , Vandelook Filip 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPremiseMany cultivated coffee varieties descend from Coffea canephora, commonly known as Robusta coffee. The Congo Basin has a century‐long history of Robusta coffee cultivation and breeding, and is hypothesized to be the region of origin of many of the cultivated Robusta varieties. Since little is known about the genetic composition of C. canephora in this region, we assessed the genetic diversity of wild and cultivated C. canephora shrubs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.MethodsUsing 18 microsatellite markers, we studied the genetic composition of wild and backyard‐grown C. canephora shrubs in the Tshopo and Ituri provinces and multiple accessions from the INERA Yangambi Coffee Collection. We assessed genetic clustering patterns, genetic diversity, and genetic differentiation between populations.ResultsGenetic differentiation was relatively strong between wild and cultivated C. canephora shrubs, and both gene pools harbored multiple unique alleles. Strong genetic differentiation was also observed between wild populations. The level of genetic diversity in wild populations was similar to that of the INERA Yangambi Coffee Collection, but local wild genotypes were mostly missing from that collection. Shrubs grown in the backyards were genetically similar to the breeding material from INERA Yangambi.ConclusionsMost C. canephora that is grown in local backyards originated from INERA breeding programs, while a few shrubs were obtained directly from surrounding forests. The INERA Yangambi Coffee Collection could benefit from an enrichment with local wild genotypes to increase the genetic resources available for breeding purposes and to support ex situ conservation.
Circular Permutated PQQ‐Glucose Dehydrogenase as an Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Biosensor
Authors: Guo Zhong , Smutok Oleh , Johnston Wayne A. , Ayva Cagla Ergun , Walden Patricia , McWhinney Brett , Ungerer Jacobus P. J. , Melman Artem , Katz Evgeny , Alexandrov Kirill 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProtein biosensors play an increasingly important role as reporters for research and clinical applications. Here we present an approach for the construction of fully integrated but modular electrochemical biosensors based on the principal component of glucose monitors PQQ‐glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ‐GDH). We designed allosterically regulated circular permutated variants of PQQ‐GDH that show large (>10‐fold) changes in enzymatic activity following intramolecular scaffolding of the newly generated N‐ and C termini by ligand binding domain/ligand complexes. The developed biosensors demonstrated sub‐nanomolar affinities for small molecules and proteins in colorimetric and electrochemical assays. For instance, the concentration of Cyclosporine A could be measured in 1 μL of undiluted blood with the same accuracy as the leading diagnostic technique that uses 50 times more sample. We further used this biosensor to construct highly porous gold bioelectrodes capable of robustly detecting concentrations of Cyclosporine A as low as 20 pM and retained functionality in samples containing at least 60 % human serum.
Optimal refinancing strategy for mortgage rate with regime switching
Authors: Zhou Congjin , Wang Guojing , Guo Jie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe investigate an optimal refinancing problem for an interest‐only mortgage, where the market mortgage rate is defined as the classical Black‐Scholes geometric Brownian motion with regime switching. We verify that the optimal refinancing strategy only depends on the quotient between the market mortgage rate and the borrowing rate. We show that the optimal refinancing strategy is of threshold type. By reducing the two‐dimensional optimal refinancing problem to a one‐dimensional problem, we obtain the system of equations that the function with respect to quotient satisfies. Analytic solutions are obtained in one‐ and two‐regime cases. Finally, we present some numerical results to illustrate the influence of the model parameters on the optimal refinancing strategy.
Mortality in men with castration‐resistant prostate cancer—A long‐term follow‐up of a population‐based real‐world cohort
Authors: Khoshkar Yashar , Westerberg Marcus , Adolfsson Jan , Bill‐Axelson Anna , Olsson Henrik , Eklund Martin , Akre Olof , Garmo Hans , Aly Markus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to find clinical variables that predict the prognosis for men with castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in a Swedish real‐life CRPC cohort, including a risk group classification to clarify the risk of succumbing to prostate cancer. This is a natural history cohort representing the premodern drug era before the introduction of novel hormonal drug therapies.MethodsPSA tests from the clinical chemistry laboratories serving health care in six regions of Sweden were retrieved and cross‐linked to the National Prostate Cancer Registry (NPCR) to identify men with a prostate cancer diagnosis. Through further cross‐linking with data sources at the Swedish Board of Health and Welfare, we retrieved other relevant information such as prescribed drugs, hospitalizations, and cause of death. Men entered the CRPC cohort at the first date of doubling of their PSA nadir value with the last value being >2 ng/ml, or an absolute increase of >5 ng/ml or more, whilst on 3 months of medical castration or if they had been surgically castrated (n = 4098). By combining the two variables with the largest C‐statistics, “PSA at time of CRPC” and “PSA doubling time,” a risk group classification was created.ResultsPSA‐DT and PSA at date of CRPC are the strongest variables associated with PC specific survival. At the end of follow‐up, the proportion of men who died due to PC was 57%, 71%, 81%, 86%, and 89% for risk categories one through five, respectively. The median overall survival in our cohort of men with CRPC was 1.86 years (95% CI: 1.79–1.97).ConclusionFor a man with castration‐resistant prostate cancer, there is a high probability that this will be the main cause contributing to his death. However, there is a significant difference in mortality that varies in relation to tumor burden assessed as PSA doubling time and PSA at time of CRCP. This information could be used in a clinical setting when deciding when to treat more or less aggressively once entering the CRPC phase of the disease.
Viral adventitious agent detection using laser force cytology: Intrinsic cell property changes with infection and comparison to in vitro testing
Authors: Hayes Peter R. , Przybycien Todd M. , Schneider James W. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAdventitious agent testing in biomanufacturing requires assays of broad detection capability to screen for as many infectious agents as possible. The current gold standard for general infectious adventitious virus screening is the in vitro assay in which test articles are cultured onto a panel of different cell lines and observed for cytopathic effect (CPE). However, this assay is inherently subjective due to the nature of visual observation of cell morphology and labor and time intensive, requiring highly trained personnel to identify CPE. Laser force cytology (LFC) is an alternative, automated analytical method that uses a combination of optical and fluidic forces along with imaging to objectively and quantitatively assess CPE in cell culture. Importantly, because LFC uses no labels or antibodies, the assay is appropriate for general adventitious agent testing. Using LFC, changes in cellular features associated with virally infected cells were identified using principal component analysis. Using these features of infected cells, the sensitivity and earliness of detection with LFC was directly compared with the in vitro assay for a diverse panel of viruses incubated with chinese hamster ovary (CHO), Vero, and Medical Research Council cell strain 5 (MRC‐5) cells. LFC detected viral infection with a sensitivity equal to the in vitro assay on average, but in certain virus and cell combinations including mouse minute virus (MMV) and reovirus 3 in CHO cells, detection was 4 days earlier and for MMV, the limit of detection was 10‐fold lower. Overall, these results demonstrate the ability of LFC to serve as a biopharmaceutical adventitious agent testing methodology with sensitivity equivalent to the in vitro assay, but in an objective and automated manner.
The Effect of Water on the 2‐Propanol Oxidation Activity of Co‐Substituted LaFe1−xCoxO3 Perovskites
Authors: Dreyer Maik , Cruz Daniel , Hagemann Ulrich , Zeller Patrick , Heidelmann Markus , Salamon Soma , Landers Joachim , Rabe Anna , Ortega Klaus Friedel , Najafishirtari Sharif , Wende Heiko , Hartmann Nils , Knop‐Gericke Axel , Schlögl Robert , Behrens Malte 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPerovskites are interesting oxidation catalysts due to their chemical flexibility enabling the tuning of several properties. In this work, we synthesized LaFe1−xCoxO3 catalysts by co‐precipitation and thermal decomposition, characterized them thoroughly and studied their 2‐propanol oxidation activity under dry and wet conditions to bridge the knowledge gap between gas and liquid phase reactions. Transient tests showed a highly active, unstable low‐temperature (LT) reaction channel in conversion profiles and a stable, less‐active high‐temperature (HT) channel. Cobalt incorporation had a positive effect on the activity. The effect of water was negative on the LT channel, whereas the HT channel activity was boosted for x>0.15. The boost may originate from a slower deactivation rate of the Co3+ sites under wet conditions and a higher amount of hydroxide species on the surface comparing wet to dry feeds. Water addition resulted in a slower deactivation for Co‐rich catalysts and higher activity in the HT channel state.