bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated risk factors for diabetic retinopathy at first ophthalmological contact
Authors: Singh Bhavkaran , Kaur Prempal , Singh Jaspreet , Grang Parveen 
Published: July 2021

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is now considered as a growing global public health concern due to cost associated with diabetic micro and macrovascular complications. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of vision loss. Accurate estimation of prevalence of DR among diabetic patients and associated risk factors are of crucial importance to plan and execute preventive strategies in the community.
Aims and Objectives: The present cross sectional hospital based observational study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of DR in diabetic patients at their first ophthalmological contact and toevaluate associated risk factors.
Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional hospital based observational study, all diabetic patients visiting ophthalmology clinic for the first time after being diagnosed as diabetic were enrolled. After recording demographic data and biochemical findings, each patient was investigated for DR and correlated with associated risk factors.
Results: Of 1699 patients, majority (68.9%) of them had come to ophthalmology clinic with complaint of decreased vision. Only 16.12 % (274) patients had been referred for retinal exam by treating physician. DR was prevalent in 242(16.98%) non-referred and 31(11.31%) referred patients. Mean age and mean duration of diabetes was significantly higher in non-referred patients. Vision threatening DR was also significantly higher in nonreferred patients. Prevalence of DR was significantly correlated with age at presentation, duration of diabetes, rural background, uncontrolled diabetes, systolic blood pressure and high BMI.
Conclusion: Low referral by treating physician and lack of awareness among patient accounts for late presentation of diabetic patients to ophthalmologist. Beyond just developing strategies to promote screening programs for early detection and management of DR, education of the patients,comprehensive planning and coordination between ophthalmologist and physician can go a long way to decrease the economic and social burden of preventable blindness due to diabetic retinopathy.
Surgical Treatment of Benign Retrorectal Masses in Adults: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bilge Hüseyin , Başol Ömer , Oğuz Abdullah 
Published: July 2021

Background: Tumors that occur in the retrorectal space are called retrorectal tumors. These tumors arise from various tissues. Late symptoms may therefore outweigh diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the surgery becomes difficult.
Aims and Objectives: Our study aims to reveal the difficulties in the diagnosis of retrorectal tumors, radiological diagnostic methods, and safe surgical excision surgical techniques.
Materials and Methods: Twelve patients operated for retrorectal tömür between 2014 and 2020 were included in the retrospective study. Demographic features, clinical findings, diagnostic methods, surgical treatment procedures, evaluations of preoperative/postoperative complications, pathological classifications, length of hospital stay, and duration of surgery were studied.
Results: Twelve patients [9 females, 3 males; the mean age was 39.3 ± 11.8 (22-56)] due to retrorectal tumors. All lesions were evaluated preoperatively using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). According to the preoperative examination and radiological findings; Surgical resection was performed with an anterior approach to 3 patients, a posterior approach to 4 patients, and a combined approach to 5 patients. The mean tumor size was 8 ± 2.24 cm. Immature teratoma and epidermoid cyst (n = 6) were the most common tumors. We did not have any patients with features of malignancy on final histopathology.
Conclusion: Although retrorectal tumors are difficult to diagnose, it is important to suspect clinically. A good evaluation of the patients with radiological imaging facilitates the resection of the tumor surgically. Surgery of the patient in centers specialized in these tumors increases surgical success.
Bardet-biedl syndrome: A case report from Nepal
Authors: Mandal Rajesh Kumar , Pande Rajan , KC Rajani Shah , Acharya Bibek 
Published: July 2021

The Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare ciliopathic autosomal-recessive disorder, with multiple organ systems involvement. It is usually seen in family with consanguinous marriage. It is characterized by truncal obesity, polydactyly, retinal dystrophy, mental retardation, renal dysfunction and hypogonadism in males. It affects both males and females. Very few cases are reported in Nepal. Here we report a 30 year obese lady who presented to our center with history of excessive weight gain and blindness with polydactyly. She visited many local medical centers before landing to our hospital.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers of Children Below Five Years Regarding Diarrhoea
Authors: Gupta Dipak Kumar , Sah Poonam Kumari 
Published: July 2021

Background: The public health problem of diarrhoeal diseases is widespread. In order to reduce related mortality and morbidity, caretakers must play an active role and need to determine to what extent they are empowered.
Method: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted from March 7- April 6, 2021 among 113 mothers of children below five years who visited hospital-seeking treatment for diarrhoeal diseases of their children. A self-structured questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitude and practice regarding was used to generate data on interview basis.
Results: Knowledge regarding the diarrhoeal disease was found to be of good level (88.4% correctly defining diarrhoea). Majority of mothers has good attitude towards diarrhoea. However, far few mothers correctly recognised signs of dehydration, 23 recognizing dry mucosa and 44 recognizing sunken eyes. Out of total, 81% participants knew about oral rehydrate solutions.
Conclusion: Despite good knowledge and attitudes towards diarrhoea among mothers with children under five years of age, the standard of home-based management was found to be unsatisfactory based on the results of the study.
Opportunity and benefits of functional food from the sea: A Rewiew
Authors: Murti Paulus Damar Bayu , Dwiloka Bambang , Radjasa Ocky Karna , Ngginak James 
Published: July 2021

Functional food has been believed to prevent and reduce the possibility of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension and cancer. The sea offers resources that can be used as a source of functional food. Research on bioactive compounds from marine life has been carried out, which have biological activity. For example, omega-3 consist of two types of acids, namely docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), which is contained in fish. Carotenoids and xanthophylls are abundant in macroalgae. Likewise with phenolic compounds and polysaccharides derived from algae. The protein hydrolysate from fish waste which is used as an alternative product has biological activity. Chitin and chitosan were extracted from crustacean shells and marine mollusk. Referring to the diversity of compound bioactivity from marine resources, this review emphasizes more on the potential of functional food ingredients owned by marine resources and their opportunities and benefits..Keywords: Functional food, Marine, Bioactive compounds, Chronic diseases, Biological activityABSTRAKPeluang dan manfaat pangan fungsional dari laut: Telaah PustakPangan fungsional telah dipercayai dapat mencegah dan menurunkan kemungkinan penyakit kronis seperti obesitas, diabetes, jantung koroner, hipertensi dan kanker. Laut menawarkan sumberdaya yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber bahan pangan fungsional. Penelitian mengenai senyawa bioaktif dari biota laut sudah banyak dilakukan yang memiliki aktivitas biologis. Sebagai contoh, Omega-3 terdiri atas dua jenis asam yaitu asam dokosaheksaenoat (DHA) dan asam eikosapentanoat (EPA) yang terkandung pada ikan. Karotenoid dan xantofil yang banyak terkandung pada makroalga. Begitu pun dengan senyawa fenolik dan polisakarida yang berasal dari alga. Hidrolisat protein dari limbah ikan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai produk alternatif memiliki aktivitas biologis. Kitin dan kitosan yang diekstrak dari limbah cangkang krustasea dan moluska laut. Mengacu pada keragaman bioaktivitas senyawa dari sumberdaya kelautan, review ini lebih menekankan pada potensi bahan pangan fungsional yang dimiliki oleh sumberdaya kelautan serta peluang dan manfaatnya.Kata kunci : Pangan fungsional, Laut, Senyawa bioaktif, Penyakit kronis, Aktivitas biiologi
Screening and morphological observations of endophytic mold origin of pennywort (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) as extracellular enzyme producer
Authors: Hidayah Muhamad Aditya , Fikroh Retno Aliyatul 
Published: July 2021

Pennywort is a biological plant that is included in the medicinal plant species. The analysis was carried out to obtain information and to find out that endophytic molds from pennywort (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) can produce extracellular enzymes (amylase, cellulase, pectinase, protease, glucanase, and laccase). Based on the analysis that has been carried out, several conclusions are obtained, endophytic fungi from pennywort with isolate codes MB 20, MM 1, MM 6, MM 8, and MM 16 capable of producing extracellular amylase enzymes, endophytic fungi from pennywort with isolate codes MM 1, MM 12, MM 16, MM 18, MM 19, MM 20 and MM 21 were able to produce extracellular cellulase enzymes, endophytic fungi from pennywort with isolate codes MB 1, MB 3, MB 4, MB 6, MM 1, MM 9, MM 11, MM 13, MM 14, MM16, MM 19, MM 20 and MM 21 were able to produce extracellular glucanase enzymes, endophytic mold isolates from pennywort were proven to be unable to produce extracellular enzymes laccase, pectinase, and protease, and endophytic molds from pennywort with isolate codes MB 1, MB 20, MM 14 and the MM 16 is capable of producing siderophores.Keywords: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, extracellular enzymes, endophytic typite, isolatesABSTRAKSkrining pengamatan morfologi kapang endofit asal tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) sebagai penghasil enzim ekstraselulerTanaman pegagan merupakan tanaman hayati yang termasuk dalam jenis tanaman obat. Analisis dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi dan mengetahui bahwa kapang endofit asal tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) dapat menghasilkan enzim ekstraseluler (Amilase, selulase, pektinase, protease, glukanase, dan lakase). Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan di peroleh beberapa kesimpulan, diantanya. yaitu kapang endofit asal tanaman pegagan dengan kode isolat MB 20, MM 1, MM 6, MM 8 dan MM 16 mampu menghasilkan enzim amilase ekstraseluler, kapang endofit asal tanaman pegagan dengan kode isolat MM 1, MM 12, MM 16, MM 18, MM 19, MM 20 dan MM 21 mampu menghasilkan enzim selulase ekstraseluler, kapang endofit asal tanaman pegagan dengan kode isolat MB 1, MB 3, MB 4, MB 6, MM 1, MM 9, MM 11, MM 13, MM 14, MM16, MM 19, MM 20 dan MM 21 mampu menghasilkan enzim glukanase ekstraseluler, isolat kapang endofit asal tanaman pegagan terbukti tidak mampu menghasilkan enzim ekstraseluler lakase, pektinase dan protease, dan kapang endofit asal tanaman pegagan dengan kode isolat MB 1, MB 20, MM 14 dan MM 16 mampu menghasilkan siderofor.Kata Kunci: Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, enzim ekstraseluler, kapang endofit, isolat
The relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with salivary cell telomere length in current ultra-endurance exercisers
Authors: Birkenhead Karen , Kuballa Anna , Lovell Geoff P. , Barr Susan I. , Solomon Colin 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Physical activity and a healthy diet may delay the aging process and ultra-endurance exercise is an extreme form of physical activity. Telomeres are protective DNA sequences located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes which shorten as we age. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with salivary cell telomere length in current ultra-endurance exercisers ( n = 49; % female = 37, age range 26–74 years). METHODS: Physical activity and dietary intake were measured using the Lifetime Physical Activity and Diet Questionnaire (LPADQ) and salivary cell telomere length was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: In this group of current ultra-endurance exercisers there was no relationship between lifetime physical activity or diet (according to food category scores) and telomere length. In contrast to the expected age-related decrease in telomere length, there was no relationship between age and telomere length (95% confidence interval [CI]: –38.86, 14.54, p = 0.359) in this group of current ultra-endurance exercisers. CONCLUSIONS: The relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with telomere length remain uncertain. It is possible that lifetime physical activity (including ultra-endurance exercise) and lifetime diet may independently, or in combination, contribute to a decrease in the rate of age-related telomere shortening in current ultra-endurance exercisers.
Evaluation of pain and physiological stress during targeted neonatal echocardiography
Authors: Ahsan M.S. , Kalamdani P. , Kalathingal T. , Patra S. , Manerkar S. , Mondkar J. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Targeted neonatal echocardiography (Tn-Echo) is a non-invasive examination which may cause pain/discomfort and physiological instability in neonates, but there is little evidence for the same. We conducted this study to evaluate whether targeted neonatal echocardiography causes pain or physiological stress to newborn infants. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary level NICU. Neonates undergoing targeted neonatal echocardiography were enrolled in this study. Pain was assessed using Premature Infant Pain Profile-Revised (PIPP-R) score before, during and after targeted neonatal echocardiography examination. Heart rate, oxygen saturation, perfusion index and blood pressure were also recorded at the same time points. RESULTS: A total of 88 neonates were enrolled. Mean (SD) PIPP-R score during Tn-Echo was 8.18 (2.6) versus 3.60 (1.8) and 4.24 (2.0) before and after respectively ( p value < 0.001). Heart rate and respiratory rate were significantly higher during targeted neonatal echocardiography; oxygen saturation and perfusion index were significantly lower during targeted neonatal echocardiography. Preterm infants had higher PIPP-R score compared to term neonates before, during and after the Tn-Echo [8.76 (2.4) versus 6.81 (2.4); p value < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: Targeted neonatal echocardiography causes significant pain/discomfort and physiological instability in neonates.
Epicardial fat thickness in infants of diabetic mothers
Authors: Vela-Huerta M.M. , Amador-Licona N. , Domínguez-Damián R. , Heredia-Ruiz A. , Orozco-Villagomez H.V. , Guízar-Mendoza J.M. , Alarcon-Santos S. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) in adults and children has been related to the metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular risk factors; however, scarce studies have evaluated it in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) in whom, alterations in the thickness of the interventricular septum have been reported. This study compares the EFT in IDM versus infants of non-diabetic mothers (INDM) and its association with others echocardiographic parameters. METHODS: We performed a cross sectional study in 93 infants (64 IDM and 29 INDM). To evaluate EFT dimensions, an echocardiogram was performed within the first 24h of extrauterine life in both groups. In diabetic mothers, HbA1c was also determined. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in birth weight between the groups although gestational age was lower in IDM. The EFT (3.6 vs. 2.5 mm, p < 0.0001), the interventricular septum thickness (IVST) (6.2 vs. 5.2 mm, p < 0.0001) and the IVST / left ventricle posterior wall (1.3 vs. 1.1, p = 0.001) were higher in the IDM; while the left ventricular expulsion fraction [LVFE] (71.1 vs. 77.8; p < 0.0001) was lower than in the INDM, respectively. We found a positive correlation between EFT with IVST ( r = 0.577; p = 0.0001), LVPW ( r = 0.262; p = 0.011), IVST/LVPW index ( r = 0.353; p = 0.001), and mitral integral early velocity ( r = 0.313; p = 0.002), while a negative correlation with LVFE was observed ( r = –0.376; p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The EFT is higher in IDM than in INDM. It was positively related with echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular thickness and negatively with left ventricular ejection function.
PERENCANAAN PERSEDIAAN PRODUKSI PEMBUATAN LILIN Studi Kasus Di CV. Taruna Jaya, Garut
Authors: Taptajani Dedi Sa'dudin , Gunadhi Erwin , Kurniawati Rina 
Published: July 2021

Permasalahan proses produksi atau sistem produksi dalam suatu industri dilakukan dengan meningkatkan effisiensi pengolahan dan pengawasan pada saat proses produksi, dan untuk menjaga konsistensi kinerja secara terus menerusnya proses produksi maka diperlukan adanya penanganan produksi yang baik, sedangkan untuk memenuhi beberapa permintaan pasar baik permintaan sekarang maupun yang akan datang, maka diperlukan adanya peramalan, pemeriksaan dan pengendalian ramalan produk yang akan diproduksi. Dengan menggunakan metode peramalan untuk mengetahui berapa permintaan yang akan datang dan menggunakan beberpa metode pada peramalan seperti metode Eksponetial Smoothing With Linier Trend dan Regresi Linear Sebagai bahan perbandingan, untuk mencoba kedua metode peramalan tersebut dan melakukan analisa untuk memilih salah satu metode yang cukup baik dan akurat, dan membandingkan antara kapasitas perusahaan dan permintan yang sudah diramalkandengan metode Transfortasi sehingga bisa didapat berapa persediaan yang harus disiapkan perbulannyaagar bisa memenuhi permintaan yangakan datang ad tiap produksi pembuatan lilin di CV. Taruna Jaya.
Pengaruh Celebrity Endorser dan Persepsi Kualitas Melalui Citra Merek Terhadap Loyalitas
Authors: Anggraeni Mita , Kurniawati Rina 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh celebrityIendorser dan persepsi kualitas terhadap loyalitas melalui citra merek pada kerudung Rabbani di Kab.Garut dengan menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling dengan 100 orang responden kerudung Rabbani di Kab.Garut.Alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis jalur (pathIanalysis).Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian menunjukan celebrityIendorser, persepsi kualitas dan citra merek berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap loyalitas.Adapun pengujian secara individual celebrity endorser berpengaruh signifikan terhadap citra merek.persepsi kualitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap celebrityendorser.Celebrity endorser terhadap loyalitas berpengaruh signifikan.Persepsi kualitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas dan citra merek berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas.CitraImerek tidak berpengaruh sebagai variabel intervening terhadap celebrity endorser dan persepsiIkualitas terhadap loyalitas.
Analisis Keputusan Pembelian Mesin Rajut Otomatis dengan Menggunakan Metode AHP dan SAW
Authors: Aulawi Hilmi , Jauhari Ridwan 
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui alternatif terbaik dalam pembelian mesin rajut otomatis berbasis komputer dan mengetahui kriteria-kriteria yang harus dipertimbangkan mesin tersebut, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan di PD Fauzi Perdana Abadi yaitu terjadinya turnover karyawan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap proses produksi yang dilakukan. Pemecahan masalah ini menggunakan dua pendekatan dalam sistem pendukung keputusan antara lain Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process dan Simple Additive Wieghting, dengan metode AHP sendiri memiliki kelebihan yaitu dapat mengakomodir pendapat-pendapat dari stakeholder, akan tetapi dari sisi lain mesin rajut otomatis sendiri memiliki spesifikasi teknis dari mesin – mesin yang ditawarkan tersedia, alangkah lebih baik jika pada proses pemilihanya melibatkan model pengabilan keputusan yang berbasis kuantitatif, model pengambilan keputusan yang relevan untuk digunakan yaitu adalah SAW. Hasil yang didapat bahwa urutan faktor-faktor pendukung untuk pembelian mesin rajut otomatis ini berdasarkan bobot terbesar hingga terkecil adalah harga, biaya perawatan, kapasitas produksi, daya listrik dan usia pakai. Kemudian dari lima alternatif mesin rajut otomatis yang dapat dibeli, berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan SAW dengan perolehan bobot terbesar adalah alternatif ke 5 (A5).
Pengaruh Faktor Sosial, Pribadi, Harga, dan Desain Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Batik Lokal Melalui Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Ikhwana Andri , Dewi Melda Kusuma 
Published: July 2021

Aktivitas pembelian produk dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor eksternal, salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhinya adalah teknologi informasi yang pada saat ini cukup berperan penting pada aktivitas jual beli. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa faktor juga yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian diantaranya yaitu faktor sosial, pribadi, harga, dan desain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan faktor teknologi informasi yang mempengaruhi terhadap faktor sosial, pribadi, harga, dan desain untuk mendukung keputusan pembelian suatu produk oleh konsumen. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan regresi linier dan path analysis dengan melibatkan 100 responden serta pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini dilakukan secara random acak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka didapatkan bahwa terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian yaitu: faktor sosial, harga, dan desain serta dukungan teknologi informasi mampu mempengaruhi faktor harga dan desain terhadap keputusan pembelian batik lokal. Berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan pembelian konsumen dapat dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah, yaitu: memperbanyak relasi komunikasi menggunakan teknologi informasi (online) agar dapat mempermudah pemasaran produk sehingga informasi mengenai harga dan juga desain produk dapat diinformasikan melalui internet atau pemasaran online.
PENGENDALIAN BANJIR PADA SISTEM DRAINASE SUB DAS CIOJAR CIMANUK KIRI
Authors: Nadinoor Erwin , Permana Sulwan 
Published: July 2021

Perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembuatan jalan telah lama menyadari bahwa kehadiran air di dalam dan disekitar badan perkerasan jalan akan mempercepat turunnya kekuatan/kehancuran jalan, setiap alur drainase baik darainase jalan maupun drainse perumahan hendaknya terdapat canal/saluran pembuangan yang mengarahkan aliran ke sungai yang lebih besar. Pengendalian banjir ini dilakukan peninjauan terhadap data existing dilapangan dengan memperhitungkan rumus-rumus perhitungan yang ada. Adapun langkah langkah pengendalian banjir ini dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis data curah hujan dan data penduduk kabupaten garut. Untuk perencanaan hidraulis saluran rumus yang digunakan adalah rumus Strickler yaitu Q = K . R 2/3 .I 1/2 . F dimana kesimpulan dari hasil perhitungan tersebut sebagai berikut : Debit Rencana Q = 0,214 m³ / det, Kecepatan Air Disaluran V = 0,54 m / det, Lebar Saluran = 2 m, Tinggi Air Disaluran h = 0,2 m, Kemiringan Saluran I = 0.0018, Kekasaran Saluran K = 42.50, Kemiringan Talud Saluran m = 0 (Tegak). Hasil dari perhitungan pengendalian banjir yang telah dianalisis merupakan bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari penerapan prinsif-prinsif dalam pengendalian banjir. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadinya banjir bukan karena faktor alamiah saja tetapi sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor manusia, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa keadaan alam dan keadaan manusia dalam mengendalikan banjir saling berkaitan.