bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BRITE observations of ν Centauri and γ Lupi, the first non-eclipsing members of the new class of nascent binaries
Authors: Jerzykiewicz M , Pigulski A , Michalska G , Moździerski D , Ratajczak M , Handler G , Moffat A F J , Pablo H , Popowicz A , Wade G A , Zwintz K 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Results of an analysis of the BRITE-Constellation and Solar Mass Ejection Imager photometry and radial-velocity observations, archival and new, of two single-lined spectroscopic binary (SB) systems ν Centauri and γ Lupi are reported. In the case of γ Lup AB, a visual binary, an examination of the light-time effect shows that component A is the SB. Both ν Cen and γ Lup exhibit light variations with the orbital period. The variations are caused by the reflection effect, i.e. heating of the secondary’s hemisphere by the early-B main sequence (MS) primary component’s light. The modelling of the light curves augmented with the fundamental parameters of the primary components obtained from the literature photometric data and Hipparcos parallaxes, shows that the secondary components are pre-MS stars, in the process of contracting on to the MS. ν Cen and γ Lup A are thus found to be non-eclipsing counterparts of the B2 IV eclipsing binary (and a β Cephei variable) 16 (EN) Lac, the B5 IV eclipsing binary (and an SPB variable) μ Eri, and the recently discovered Large Magellanic Cloud nascent eclipsing binaries.
The completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: a multitracer analysis in Fourier space for measuring the cosmic structure growth and expansion rate
Authors: Zhao Gong-Bo , Wang Yuting , Taruya Atsushi , Zhang Weibing , Gil-Marín Héctor , de Mattia Arnaud , Ross Ashley J , Raichoor Anand , Zhao Cheng , Percival Will J , Alam Shadab , Bautista Julian E , Burtin Etienne , Chuang Chia-Hsun , Dawson Kyle S , Hou Jiamin , Kneib Jean-Paul , Koyama Kazuya , du Mas des Bourboux Hélion , Mueller Eva-Maria , Newman Jeffrey A , Peacock John A , Rossi Graziano , Ruhlmann-Kleider Vanina , Schneider Donald P , Shafieloo Arman 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTWe perform a joint BAO and RSD analysis using the eBOSS DR16 LRG and ELG samples in the redshift range of z ∈ [0.6, 1.1], and detect an RSD signal from the cross-power spectrum at a ∼4σ confidence level, i.e., fσ8 = 0.317 ± 0.080 at zeff = 0.77. Based on the chained power spectrum, which is a new development in this work to mitigate the angular systematics, we measure the BAO distances and growth rate simultaneously at two effective redshifts, namely, DM/rd (z = 0.70) = 17.96 ± 0.51, DH/rd (z = 0.70) = 21.22 ± 1.20, fσ8 (z = 0.70) = 0.43 ± 0.05, and DM/rd (z = 0.845) = 18.90 ± 0.78, DH/rd (z = 0.845) = 20.91 ± 2.86, fσ8 (z = 0.845) = 0.30 ± 0.08. Combined with BAO measurements including those from the eBOSS DR16 QSO and Lyman-α sample, our measurement has raised the significance level of a non-zero ΩΛ to ∼11σ. The data product of this work is publicly available at https://github.com/icosmology/eBOSS_DR16_LRGxELG and https://www.sdss.org/science/final-bao-and-rsd-measurements/.
BART Cancer: a web resource for transcriptional regulators in cancer genomes
Authors: Thomas Zachary V , Wang Zhenjia , Zang Chongzhi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Dysregulation of gene expression plays an important role in cancer development. Identifying transcriptional regulators, including transcription factors and chromatin regulators, that drive the oncogenic gene expression program is a critical task in cancer research. Genomic profiles of active transcriptional regulators from primary cancer samples are limited in the public domain. Here we present BART Cancer (bartcancer.org), an interactive web resource database to display the putative transcriptional regulators that are responsible for differentially regulated genes in 15 different cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). BART Cancer integrates over 10000 gene expression profiling RNA-seq datasets from TCGA with over 7000 ChIP-seq datasets from the Cistrome Data Browser database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). BART Cancer uses Binding Analysis for Regulation of Transcription (BART) for predicting the transcriptional regulators from the differentially expressed genes in cancer samples compared to normal samples. BART Cancer also displays the activities of over 900 transcriptional regulators across cancer types, by integrating computational prediction results from BART and the Cistrome Cancer database. Focusing on transcriptional regulator activities in human cancers, BART Cancer can provide unique insights into epigenetics and transcriptional regulation in cancer, and is a useful data resource for genomics and cancer research communities.
Process-Outcome Associations in an Interdisciplinary Treatment for Chronic Pain and Comorbid Mental Disorders Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
Authors: Ohse Ludwig , Burian Ronald , Hahn Eric , Burian Hanna , Ta Thi Minh Tam , Diefenbacher Albert , Böge Kerem 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective
Numerous studies support the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for chronic pain, yet little research has been conducted about its underlying mechanisms of change, especially regarding patients with comorbid mental disorders. The present investigation addressed this issue by examining associations of processes targeted by ACT (pain acceptance, mindfulness, psychological flexibility) and clinical outcomes (pain intensity, somatic symptoms, physical health, mental health, depression, general anxiety).

Subjects
Participants were 109 patients who attended an ACT-based interdisciplinary treatment program for chronic pain and comorbid mental disorders in a routine care psychiatric day hospital.

Methods
Pre- to posttreatment differences in processes and outcomes were examined with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and effect size r. Associations between changes in processes and changes in outcomes were analyzed with correlation and multiple regression analyses.

Results
Pre- to posttreatment effect sizes were mostly moderate to large (r between 0.21 and 0.62). Associations between changes in processes and changes in outcomes were moderate to large for both, bivariate correlations (r between 0.30 and 0.54) and shared variances accounting for all three processes combined (R2 between 0.21 and 0.29).

Conclusion
The present investigation suggests that changes in pain acceptance, mindfulness, and psychological flexibility are meaningfully associated with changes in clinical outcomes. It provides evidence on particular process-outcome associations that had not been investigated in this way before. The focus on comorbid mental disorders informs clinicians about a population of chronic pain patients who often have a severe course of illness and have seldom been studied.
Abnormal Function in Dentate Nuclei Precedes the Onset of Psychosis: A Resting-State fMRI Study in High-Risk Individuals
Authors: Anteraper Sheeba Arnold , Guell Xavier , Collin Guusje , Qi Zhenghan , Ren Jingwen , Nair Atira , Seidman Larry J , Keshavan Matcheri S , Zhang Tianhong , Tang Yingying , Li Huijun , McCarley Robert W , Niznikiewicz Margaret A , Shenton Martha E , Stone William S , Wang Jijun , Whitfield-Gabrieli Susan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective
The cerebellum serves a wide range of functions and is suggested to be composed of discrete regions dedicated to unique functions. We recently developed a new parcellation of the dentate nuclei (DN), the major output nuclei of the cerebellum, which optimally divides the structure into 3 functional territories that contribute uniquely to default-mode, motor-salience, and visual processing networks as indexed by resting-state functional connectivity (RsFc). Here we test for the first time whether RsFc differences in the DN, precede the onset of psychosis in individuals at risk of developing schizophrenia.

Methods
We used the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dataset from the Shanghai At Risk for Psychosis study that included subjects at high risk to develop schizophrenia (N = 144), with longitudinal follow-up to determine which subjects developed a psychotic episode within 1 year of their functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan (converters N = 23). Analysis used the 3 functional parcels (default-mode, salience-motor, and visual territory) from the DN as seed regions of interest for whole-brain RsFc analysis.

Results
RsFc analysis revealed abnormalities at baseline in high-risk individuals who developed psychosis, compared to high-risk individuals who did not develop psychosis. The nature of the observed abnormalities was found to be anatomically specific such that abnormal RsFc was localized predominantly in cerebral cortical networks that matched the 3 functional territories of the DN that were evaluated.

Conclusions
We show for the first time that abnormal RsFc of the DN may precede the onset of psychosis. This new evidence highlights the role of the cerebellum as a potential target for psychosis prediction and prevention.
Who was Ever ‘a Fisherman’? Revisiting Paul Thompson’s Living the Fishing
Authors: Taylor Becky 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article revisits Paul Thompson’s major oral history project of Britain’s early twentieth-century fishing industry, situating it within the emergence of oral history as a practice in the 1960s and 1970s, and interrogating assumptions over the fixed category of ‘fisherman’ which informed the original research. Through a detailed look at interviews collected with those involved in the herring fishing of East Anglia and north-east Scotland, it finds that Thompson and his colleagues were still as informed by social science interviewing practices as they were oral history as an evolving methodology, and framed their approach at a time when fixed worker identities were taken as given. Revisiting the transcripts with a different set of research questions revealed how ‘fishermen’ moved in and out of fishing, with ‘farmworkers’ equally being found as regularly employed on boats. Thus the article argues that instead of fixed and life-long fisher identities, precarity, migration and seasonality were key features of many fishers’ involvement in the herring industry. Through focussing on mobility – across place and types of employment – this piece also reveals the central role of personal preference and intimate decision-making in mediating individuals’ choices to ‘follow the herring’.
Protective effects of baicalin in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ma Jing , Wang Ranran , Chen Ting , Jiang Shaowei , Xu Ajing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. However, the pathogenetic mechanisms of PD are far from understood. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of baicalin in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of PD. C. elegans worms were stimulated for 24 h with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 50 mM) and treated with or without baicalin (1, 10, or 100 μM). At all tested concentrations, baicalin improved the reversal and omega turn behavioral phenotypes, as well as the survival, of 6-OHDA-stimulated worms. It also inhibited 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde levels, increasing superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase, and glutathione levels and up-regulating mRNA expression of the antioxidant-related genes sod-1, sod-2, sod-3, daf-2, and daf-16. Additionally, it significantly decreased the expression of the apoptosis-related gene ced-3 and increased that of the anti-apoptosis-related gene ced-9. The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 2 in 6-OHDA-treated worms were reversed by baicalin. Apoptosis was suppressed by 6-OHDA in loss-of-function strains via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Furthermore, the apoptotic effects of 6-OHDA were blocked in sek-1 and pmk-1 mutants. Finally, the mRNA expression of sek-1 and pmk-1 and the protein expression of p38 MAPK and stress-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 were up-regulated by 6-OHDA and reversed by baicalin. Baicalin may protect against 6-OHDA injury by inhibiting apoptosis and decreasing oxidative stress through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
Eucyon khoikhoisp. nov. (Carnivora: Canidae) from Langebaanweg ‘E’ Quarry (early Pliocene, South Africa): the most complete African canini from the Mio-Pliocene
Authors: Valenciano Alberto , Morales Jorge , Govender Romala 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA new medium-sized canid, Eucyon khoikhoi sp. nov., is described from the early Pliocene site of Langebaanweg ‘E’ Quarry (South Africa). It possesses a robust dentition with large upper- and lower-second molars, an m1 talonid without a transverse cristid between the entoconid and the hypoconid, and a well-developed hypoconulid shelf. Our cladistic analysis of the earliest better-known African canini, places E. khoikhoi as the most basal taxon of an African clade composed of E. wokari, ?Nyctereutes barryi, ?Schaeffia mohibi and Schaeffia adusta (living side-striped jackal). We suggest an alternative arrangement for the poorly known East African E. intrepidus from the Late Miocene and E. kuta from the Middle Pliocene. Eucyon intrepidus could belong to the same clade as E. khoikhoi, unlike E. kuta, whose dentition suggests a closer relation with the Lupulella group. Thus, these results support the paraphyly of Eucyon, demonstrating the need for an in-depth review of the genus. Eucyon khoikhoi has a body mass comparable to E. kuta and the European E. debonisi and E. monticinensis. We conclude that E. khoikhoi may have had a comparable role in the ecosystem to the extant hypocarnivorous S. adusta.
Genetic deletion of CMG2 exacerbates systemic‐to‐pulmonary shunt‐induced pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Meng Liukun , Yuan Wen , Chi Hongjie , Han Ruijuan , Zhang Yeping , Pan Xiangbin , Meng Jian , Liu Ying , Song Jiawei , Zhong Jiuchang , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) secondary to congenital heart disease (CHD‐PAH) with systemic‐to‐pulmonary shunt (SPS) is characterized by proliferative vascular remodeling. Capillary morphogenesis gene‐2 (CMG2) plays a key role in cell proliferation and apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the role of CMG2 in the pathogenesis of SPS‐induced PAH. CMG2 levels were significantly downregulated in pulmonary arterioles from patients with Eisenmenger syndrome and rats with SPS‐induced PAH. CMG2 was highly expressed in several cells including human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs). CMG2−/− rats exhibited more severe PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling than wild‐type rats when exposed to SPS for 8 weeks. Overexpression of CMG2 significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HPASMCs, while knockdown of CMG2 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Next‐generation sequencing and subsequent validation results suggested that PI3K‐AKT was the most prominent signaling pathway regulated by differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CMG2−/− rat lungs. Our work identified a novel role for CMG2 in SPS‐induced PAH based on the findings that CMG2 deficiency exacerbates SPS‐induced vascular remodeling in the development of PAH, indicating that CMG2 might act as a potential target for the treatment of CHD‐PAH.
ω3 fatty acid metabolite, 12‐hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid, alleviates contact hypersensitivity by downregulation of CXCL1 and CXCL2 gene expression in keratinocytes via retinoid X receptor α
Authors: Saika Azusa , Nagatake Takahiro , Hirata So‐ichiro , Sawane Kento , Adachi Jun , Abe Yuichi , Isoyama Junko , Morimoto Sakiko , Node Eri , Tiwari Prabha , Hosomi Koji , Matsunaga Ayu , Honda Tetsuya , Tomonaga Takeshi , Arita Makoto , Kabashima Kenji , Kunisawa Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstractω3 fatty acids show potent bioactivities via conversion into lipid mediators; therefore, metabolism of dietary lipids is a critical determinant in the properties of ω3 fatty acids in the control of allergic inflammatory diseases. However, metabolic progression of ω3 fatty acids in the skin and their roles in the regulation of skin inflammation remains to be clarified. In this study, we found that 12‐hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12‐HEPE), which is a 12‐lipoxygenase metabolite of eicosapentaenoic acid, was the prominent metabolite accumulated in the skin of mice fed ω3 fatty acid‐rich linseed oil. Consistently, the gene expression levels of Alox12 and Alox12b, which encode proteins involved in the generation of 12‐HEPE, were much higher in the skin than in the other tissues (eg, gut). We also found that the topical application of 12‐HEPE inhibited the inflammation associated with contact hypersensitivity by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration into the skin. In human keratinocytes in vitro, 12‐HEPE inhibited the expression of two genes encoding neutrophil chemoattractants, CXCL1 and CXCL2, via retinoid X receptor α. Together, the present results demonstrate that the metabolic progression of dietary ω3 fatty acids differs in different organs, and identify 12‐HEPE as the dominant ω3 fatty acid metabolite in the skin.
Lack of peptide YY signaling in mice disturbs gut microbiome composition in response to high‐fat diet
Authors: Farzi Aitak , Ip Chi Kin , Reed Felicia , Enriquez Ronaldo , Zenz Geraldine , Durdevic Marija , Zhang Lei , Holzer Peter , Herzog Herbert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPeptide YY (PYY), produced by endocrine L cells in the gut, is known for its critical role in regulating gastrointestinal functions as well as satiety. However, how these processes are integrated with maintaining a healthy gut microbiome composition is unknown. Here, we show that lack of PYY in mice leads to distinct changes in gut microbiome composition that are diet‐dependent. While under chow diet only slight differences in gut microbiome composition could be observed, high‐fat diet (HFD) aggravated these differences. Specifically an increased abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum with a corresponding decrease of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio could be detected in Pyy‐knockout (KO) mice in response to HFD. Detailed analysis of the Bacteroidetes phylum further revealed that the Alistipes genus belonging to the Rikenellaceae family, the Parabacteroides belonging to the Tannerellaceae family, as well as Muribaculum were increased in Pyy‐KO mice. In order to investigate whether these changes are associated with changed markers of gut barrier and immunity, we analyzed the colonic expression of various pro‐inflammatory cytokines, as well as tight junction proteins and mucin 2, and identified increased mRNA expression of the tight junction proteins Cldn2 and Ocel1 in Pyy‐KO mice, while pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression was not significantly altered. Together these results highlight a critical gene‐environment interaction between diet and the gut microbiome and its impact on homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium under conditions of reduced PYY signaling which is commonly seen under obese conditions.
Lnc‐ing pluripotency maintenance and early differentiation in human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Lu Pei , Li Mao , Zhang Donghui , Jiang Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPluripotency maintenance and lineage differentiation are two major characteristics of human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. The determination of self‐renewal or differentiation is under the exquisite control of the gene regulatory network, which is composed of transcription factors, signaling pathways, metabolic factors, chromatin or histone modifiers, miRNAs, and lncRNAs. Growing evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional gene regulation during the cell fate determination of pluripotent stem cells. Here, we summarize recent reports of lncRNA functions in pluripotency maintenance/exit and the early germ layer specification of human pluripotent stem cells. We also illustrate four major lncRNA functional mechanisms according to different types of cofactors: chromatin or histone modifiers, transcription factors, canonical and noncanonical RNA‐binding proteins, and miRNAs. Further understanding of lncRNA‐based regulation will provide more insights into the drivers manipulating cell fate and promote the therapeutic and research potential of human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells.
Insulin signaling is an essential regulator of endometrial proliferation and implantation in mice
Authors: Sekulovski Nikola , Whorton Allison E. , Shi Mingxin , Hayashi Kanako , MacLean James A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInsulin signaling is critical for the development of preovulatory follicles and progression through the antral stage. Using a conditional knockout model that escapes this blockage, we recently described the role of insulin signaling in granulosa cells during the periovulatory window in mice lacking Insr and Igf1r driven by Pgr‐Cre. These mice were infertile, exhibiting defects in ovulation, luteinization, steroidogenesis, and early embryo development. Herein, we demonstrate that while these mice exhibit normal uterine receptivity, uterine cell proliferation and decidualization are compromised resulting in complete absence of embryo implantation in uteri lacking both receptors. While the histological organization of double knockout mice appeared normal, the thickness of their endometrium was significantly reduced. This was supported by the reduced proliferation of both epithelial and stromal cells during the preimplantation stages of pregnancy. Expression and localization of the main drivers of uterine proliferation, ESR1 and PGR, was normal in knockouts, suggesting that insulin signaling acts downstream of these two receptors. While AKT/PI3K signaling was unaffected by insulin receptor ablation, activation of p44/42 MAPK was significantly reduced in both single and double knockout uteri at 3.5 dpc. Overall, we conclude that both INSR and IGF1R are necessary for optimal endometrial proliferation and implantation.
CaMKIIδ is upregulated by pro‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐6 in a JAK/STAT3‐dependent manner to promote angiogenesis
Authors: O'Brien Brendan J. , Singer Harold A. , Adam Alejandro P. , Ginnan Roman G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCa2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a ubiquitous serine threonine kinase with established roles in physiological and pathophysiological vascular remodeling. Based on our previous study demonstrating that CaMKIIδ promotes thrombin‐induced endothelial permeability and recent reports that CaMKII may contribute to inflammatory remodeling in the heart, we investigated CaMKIIδ‐dependent regulation of endothelial function downstream of an interleukin‐6 (IL‐6)/JAK/STAT3 signaling axis. Upon treatment with IL‐6 and its soluble receptor (sIL‐6r), CaMKIIδ expression is significantly induced in HUVEC. Using pharmacological inhibitors of JAK and siRNA targeting STAT3, we demonstrated that activation of STAT3 is sufficient to induce CaMKIIδ expression. Under these conditions, rather than promoting IL‐6‐induced permeability, we found that CaMKIIδ promotes endothelial cell migration as measured by live cell imaging of scratch wound closure and single‐cell motility analysis. In a similar manner, endothelial cell proliferation was attenuated upon knockdown of CaMKIIδ as determined by growth curves, cell cycle analysis, and capacitance of cell‐covered electrodes as measured by ECIS. Using inducible endothelial‐specific STAT3 knockout mice, we demonstrate that STAT3 signaling promotes developmental angiogenesis in the neonatal mouse retina assessed at postnatal day 6. CaMKIIδ expression in retinal endothelium was attenuated in these animals as measured by qPCR. STAT3's effects on angiogenesis were phenocopied by the endothelial‐specific knockout of CaMKIIδ, with significantly reduced vascular outgrowth and number of junctions in the developing P6 retina. For the first time, we demonstrate that transcriptional regulation of CaMKIIδ by STAT3 promotes endothelial motility, proliferation, and in vivo angiogenesis.