bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma – Assisted Growth of MnO2 Nanostructures for Sensing Application
Authors: Al.amery Muzahim A. A. , Najat A.Dahham Asmiet Ramizy 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The limited research based on the prepare of a MnO2 gas sensor on silicon and the testing of its sensitivity to targeted gases such as the CO2 gas adopted in this work has led us to prepare and prepare such important sensors in human daily life. Initially, three different co2 concentrations were selected: (1.49ppm, 5.8ppm, 21.8ppm) we found that the best allergic (S = 98.28) was from the focus share (21.8ppm). This focus was worked and we also studied the amount of allergic to different temperatures 50.10° and the response time and recovery time were set for both thermal degrees, the best sensitivity was (97.22) for the sensitivity of the gas manufactured from porous silicon at a temperature (100°) C) With a short response time of (10.21sec) and a shorter recovery time at (9.1sec) all this work after the thin membrane was deposited on a slice of porous silicon type n and performed visual tests represented by UV-vis that showed that emissions occurred in the region Ultraviolet close to the electromagnetic spectrum and the optical energy gap was identified using this technique was equivalent to 3.88eV. The photosynthesis technology showed a clear peak at 324nm wavelength. There was a significant convergence in the amount of the optical energy gap calculated by this technique of 3.73nm compared to the value of the optical power gap resulting from UV-vis, which was equal to 3.88eV. The results of the Raman spectroscopy test confirmed the acquisition of the thin four-angle MnO2 membranes resulting from the vibration of one type of atoms, as the displacement of Raman appeared at the highest intensity corresponding to the wavenumber of these thin membranes 512cm-1. The synthetic examinations represented by both the atomic force microscope for the study of the topography of the thin membrane recorded proved that the thin membrane is characterized by high roughness and granular vertical growth, and the square root of the square of the average roughness square has been calculated, granular volume rate 30.68nm, deviation 6.768nm, increase in surface area 4.446nm, surface thickness 46.78nm and this large surface roughness of the membrane surface has increased the sensitivity of the gas sensor. Then came the role of using FESEM technicians, the results of which came after the tests that the membrane is characterized by the dense random and compressed distribution of semi-spherical nanoparticles and a nanosize rate of about 33.58nm using ImageJ. Finally, the pattern of x-ray diffraction that the membrane formed with a quadruple-angle, monolithic and high-crystallization composition, the degree of crystallization was 70.25, and the granular size was found according to Shearer’s image from the pattern data of the pattern of the dehydration has been calculated and is equivalent to 31.81nm.
Modified Chimp Optimization Algorithm Based On Classical Conjugate Gradient Methods
Authors: Abdul Jabbar Noor Maan , Mitras Ban Ahmed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new hybrid algorithm was proposed for the chimp algorithm using another traditional efficient algorithm called the Conjugate Gradient Algorithm called (CGA). The algorithm CG works to optimize the randomly created elementary community as the basic community of chimp optimization algorithms by using the characteristic traditional algorithm above. The test was applied to (10) high-efficiency optimization functions with different dimensions and frequency. The results of the hybrid algorithm were excellent, encouraging, and superior to the original algorithm. The hybrid algorithm achieved optimal solutions by reaching to a minimum value (fmin
) for most of these functions.
Study the electrical and magnetic properties of Ferrite Ni1-x ZnxFe2O4 films and their potential use in the magnetic core of transformers
Authors: Ghazi Alkhazaali Hanan Kaayem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Membranes (Ni1-x ZnxFe2O4) were prepared by chemical precipitation method and with different weight ratios of values (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9), the electrical properties of the prepared samples were studied with the presence of a magnetic field of magnitude (0.45T), the result (Hall Effect) The majority of charge carriers are electrons, while the results of magnetic tests showed that the prepared films of different weights are of a type (soft Ferrite) The membranes behaved as a ferromagnetic material. The results indicate that the membranes can be used in the fields of microwave frequencies and in the transformers inside the magnetic core due to the smallness of the hysterical loop.
SEM-EDS, PIXE and Raman spectroscopies analysis of Khlong Thom ancient glass bead, southern Thailand
Authors: Boonruang C , Wonin K , Dararutana P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Various colors of glass beads excavated at the Khlong Thom archaeological site in southern Thailand were characterized non-destructively using proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE), scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and Raman spectroscopy in order to determine the glass composition and production technology in ancient time. The results show that most of them are alkali-based glass matrices. Some of them are high lead-bearing glass. The glass compositions are approximately the same as the Mediterranean, Islamic, and Indian glasses, but with a higher concentration of aluminum. The colors are influenced by transition metal-ions content such as copper, iron, and manganese. High content of lead has been found in the samples with opaque colors, especially the yellow opaque. The corroded and flaked surface of the glass bead has been revealed by SEM. In a comparison of glass composition, it can be proposed that there is some relationship in production technology between Khlong Thom archaeological site and other sites: South-East Asia; South Asia; East Asia; Asia Minor; and South Africa. This information indicates the historical link of both land and maritime networks for long-distance trade and exchange in ancient time.
The Necessary Condition of Hypercyclicity of Truncated Toeplitz Operator
Authors: Shukur Ali A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We study hypercyclicity of truncated Toeplitz operators in the model space H2(D) θ θH2(Ө) where θ is inner function and H2(D) is Hardy space. In this paper, the necessary condition of hypercyclicity of truncated Toeplitz operator is given.
Bayes Pre-Test Shrinkage Estimators of Scale Parameter for Maxwell Distribution under Squared Loss Functions
Authors: Rodeen Waleed , Aziz Sakina 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Maxwell distribution is a lifetime model, and it is used in many applications of physics and chemistry. In this paper, we suggest and study the pre-test Shrinkage Bayesian estimators of scale parameter for Maxwell distribution The equation of risk function and relative risk with respect classical estimator for the proposed estimators under squared error loss function (SELF). Using simulations, these estimators are compared in terms of the relative risk, which is accounted using the programming language R and the numerical results that showed performance of our estimators are compared with Bayesian classical estimator.
New Technique for Finding the Maximization to Transportation Problems
Authors: Kadhim Haleemah Jawad , Mushtak Shiker A.K. , Al-Dallal Hussein A H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Transportation problems (TP) are one of the important problems in linear programming problems (LPP) that generally address the problems of transporting and distributing goods with the aim of achieving the largest profit or the lowest cost depending on the type of problem addressed. In this research study, a new technique was proposed to solve transportation problems with an objective function of the type of maximization that is used to achieve the highest possible profit. This technique was obtained by relying on a published research paper that deals with the same problem but with an objective function of the miniaturization type. The efficiency of this new technique was tested in terms of the type of results obtained when it was used to solve many transportation problems in life, and some of them were mentioned in this paper. After that, the solution results were compared using the proposed technique with the use of the three well-known classical methods which are NWCM, LCM, and VAM. Whereas, the results using the new technique were the required results that represent the optimal solution or close to the optimal solution.
On Some Types of Proximity ψ-set
Authors: Altalkany Y K , Al-Swidi L A A 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVarious forms of ψ-set corresponding to different cases of spaces were introduced in a previous studies and The relationships among them therefore the focus of the study in this paper is the nature of the effects that can be obtained by using proximity spaces when studying this type of set by investigated a new class of sets called ψδ-set and Fψ –set in i-topological proximity spaces.
Implementation of a Chaos-Based Symmetric Text Encryption Using Arduino Microcontrollers
Authors: Msekh Zahraa A , Hreshee Saad S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Over the last few years, security becomes more important in any communication system. Several techniques have been implemented to transfer information in a secure way. One of the most important encryption techniques used in security is encryption based on a chaotic system. In this paper, a security chaotic algorithm has been proposed, studied and implemented for encrypting a text message. This work based on using two levels of one-dimensional chaotic maps (logistic map) with different initial conditions. In the experimental process, the original text on the receiver side was decrypted correctly 100% (without any error). The key space measured by this system was (16×1064) which is greater than the minimum key space value necessary to resist any brute-force attack. Also another analysis has been studied in this paper proved that the time plays a very important limitation in the encryption. The time effect on the attacker during its attempts to obtain the original text was very large and it could not get the text in the real or nearly the real-time.
IOT-Based Personalized products recommendation system
Authors: Mohamed Shili , Sethom Kaouthar , Obaid Ahmed J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Recommendation technology is an essential component of the Internet of Things (IoT) services that can help users get information at any time and from any place. Traditional recommendation algorithms, on the other hand, are unable to satisfy the IoT environment’s swift and reliable recommendation criteria. The use of mathematical and information discovery methods to overcome the relationship with target consumers in order to have desired items is known as a recommendation system. In this paper, a recommendation algorithm based on collaborative filtering is proposed. In this sense, the recommendation method (Recommender Systems) was developed; it is focused on the user’s characteristics, such as hobbies, and it is recommended to satisfy the object’s user specifications, also known as customized recommendation system (Personalized Recommender Systems), The majority of modern e-commerce recommender programs tend to recommend the best goods to a customer, believing that each product’s properties remain constant. Some properties, such as price discounts, can, however, be customized to respond to the preferences of each customer..
Subclass of Harmonic Multivalent Functions (Accept submit)
Authors: Radhi Ahmed khalaf , Ahmed Shamel Ibrahim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new class of multivalent harmonic functions defined by liner operator

H
p
λ

, we instigate functions in this class have a variety of properties. The bounds for coefficients, distortions, convolution, convex combination, and extreme point are all given.
Hide Secret Message in Image Transform Conformal Mapping Based Image 2DHWT
Authors: Ali Mahdi Ahmed , Khodher Maisa’a Abid Ali , Abbas Muntah Khudair 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The objective of this paper is steganography of data in images, after transform this image in any manner. Because in present to increases of social media, and internet and web networks. Therefore, it can need data security during transmit between sender and receiver. It will be proposed system for more security consisted of many phases. The first is compression image in two dimension Haar wavelet transform 2D-HWT to reduce size of image, in next is converts image to conformal mapping, and final hide secret message in image conformal mapping. The outcomes were obtained from a set of tests PSNR, MSE, Correlation Coefficient and entropy. The suggested system has excellent and efficiency, robustness, transparency, high security, and good capacity.
The Probability Distribution of Time to Extinction: A simulation study
Authors: Abid Salah H. , Al-Azzawi Hussein F 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe time to extinction (TTE) is very important topic in some fields of studies; ecology, economics, corporate competition, bacterial sciences and epidemiology. The aim of the present paper is to investigate about the empirical parametric and empirical nonparametric probability distribution of the time to extinction for two related stochastic models; Rosenzweig and Macarthur model and May model. First, we assume the amplitude ofris a random variable with a continuous uniform probability distribution on a closed interval [r1,r2]. Second, we assume the number of consecutive years’ during which the amplitude ofrremains constant is a random variable with a discrete geometric probability distribution with parameterpwhich is supported on a positive integer ℤ+andp∈ (0,1).
Thyroid Disease Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: salman Khalid , Sonuç Emrullah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
With the vast amount of data and information difficult to deal with, especially in the health system, machine learning algorithms and data mining techniques have an important role in dealing with data. In our study, we used machine learning algorithms with thyroid disease. The goal of this study is to categorize thyroid disease into three categories: hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and normal, so we worked on this study using data from Iraqi people, some of whom have an overactive thyroid gland and others who have hypothyroidism, so we used all of the algorithms. Support vector machines, random forest, decision tree, naïve bayes, logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors, multi-layer perceptron (MLP), linear discriminant analysis. To classification of thyroid disease.
A comparative study of the photoelectric properties for lithium oxide prepared by Green synthesis method
Authors: Attaa Taebaraek Safaa , Abd Ahmed Naji , Zoory Muayyed Jabar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Lithium oxide Li2O was synthesized by two green synthesis methods using two plants saffron and turmeric. Then the Li2O colloidal is deposite on p-type porous Si substrate p-PSi and n-type porous silicon substrate n-PSi to fabricate Al/Li2O/p-PSi/pSi/Al heterojunction and Al/Li2O/n-Psi/nSi/Al heterojunction. The morphological studies were measured by X-Ray Diffraction XRD getting an average crystallite size 34.7 nm for green synthesized saffron and 31.36 nm average crystallite size in case of green synthesized turmeric. Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM was about 80 nm size in case of saffron and about 55 nm. Fourier Transformation Infra-Red FT-IR was nearly the same in both cases. Optical measurement UV-visible occurred by calculating the transmittance and absorbance spectra and finally IV-in dark and IV under illumination were measured for the application of a heterojunction as a solar cell.
Privacy Preserving Algorithm using Chao-Scattering of Partial Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Mohammed Saja J , Taha Dujan B 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A big challenge in privacy-preserving is found when trying is to share data while protecting the information of personally identifiable, such as phone numbers, email addresses, and biometric. The same challenges have appeared when keeping sensitive data remotely in complete privacy, without recognizing them from any unauthorized persons. In such cases, Homomorphic encryption is the highlight and considered the most suitable solution. The goal of this paper is to keep the privacy of the data stored in a database system using a new Chao-modification to the partial homomorphic encryption algorithm. It uses the chaotic system to scatter the symbols of plain data before direct them to the encryption algorithm. This will be appending an additional level of security to partial homomorphic encryption algorithms that helps them to be more resisting attacking.
The oscillation of lasota-wazewska model with a variable probability of death of red blood cell
Authors: Mohamad Hussain Ali , Jassim Ehab Jafar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the Lasota-Wazewska model of survival of red blood cell in humans was studied, in which the probability of death of red blood cells was adopted as a function using nonlinear delay differential equation of the first order. Some conditions were established to guarantee that the number of red blood cells oscillates about the equilibrium. The results are supported by some illustrative examples.
Impact of Big Data on Digital Transformation in 5G Era
Authors: Bansal Rohit , Obaid Ahmed J. , Gupta Ankur , Singh Ram , Pramanik Sabyasachi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the potential top-level goals for 5G heterogeneous networks may be intellectual and perfect network which modifies consumer preferences in a proactive manner in addition to needs of channel. Research provides an interdisciplinary approach to e-health, primarily concern BDA, and radio space management inside a various level fifth generation network in the company of massive data. The growing need for and usage of big data fuelled digital transformation. The research focuses on the effect of Big Data on digital technologies during the 5G era. To carry out digital transformation, three machine learning (ML) algorithms are identified. In addition to decision tree DT the other algorithms used for the classification are NB, LR. These algorithms run on the large data processing engine they work. These algorithms serve as an ensemble tool for examining old records of stroke outpatients (OPs) and body built IOT based sensors [19]. These readings are available as Big Data. In the model which has been proposed here, OP-Centric Network Optimization Framework was presented before evaluating the machine learning algorithm function and all appropriate steps to plan massive data. An ensemble method in the company of NB classification device, decision tree classification device, and logistic classification device was used in this analysis. These entire classification devices are highly controlled and managed classification device. This method is based on the OP data set and feeds the predicted stroke probabilities to an SV classifier.
Long-term trajectories of the C footprint of N fertilization in Mediterranean agriculture (Spain, 1860–2018)
Authors: Aguilera Eduardo , Sanz-Cobena Alberto , Infante-Amate Juan , García-Ruiz Roberto , Vila-Traver Jaime , Guzmán Gloria I , González de Molina Manuel , Rodríguez Alfredo , Piñero Pablo , Lassaletta Luis 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilization has helped boost agricultural yields, but it is also responsible for direct and indirect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Fertilizer-related emissions are also promoted by irrigation and manure application, which has increased with livestock industrialization. Spanish agriculture provides a paradigmatic example of high industrialization under two different climates (temperate and Mediterranean) and two contrasting water management regimes (rainfed and irrigated). In this study, we estimated the historical evolution of the C footprint of N fertilization (including all the life cycle GHG emissions related to N fertilization) in Spanish agriculture from 1860 to 2018 at the province level (50 provinces) for 122 crops, using climate-specific N2O emission factors (EFs) adjusted to the type of water management and the N source (synthetic fertilizer, animal manure, crop residues and soil N mineralization) and considering changes in the industrial efficiency of N fertilizer production. Overall, N-related GHG emissions increased ∼12-fold, up to 10–14 Tg CO2e yr−1 in the 2010s, with much higher growth in Mediterranean than in temperate areas. Direct N2O EFs of N fertilizers doubled due to the expansion of irrigation, synthetic fertilizers and liquid manure, associated with livestock industrialization. Synthetic N production dominated the emissions balance (55%–60% of GHGe in the 21st century). Large energy efficiency gains of industrial fertilizer production were largely offset by the changes in the fertilizer mix. Downstream N2O emissions associated with NH3 volatilization and NO3
− leaching increased tenfold. The yield-scaled carbon footprint of N use in Spanish agriculture increased fourfold, from 4 and 5 Mg CO2e Mg N−1 to 16–18 Mg CO2e Mg N−1. Therefore, the results reported herein indicate that increased productivity could not offset the growth in manufacture and soil emissions related to N use, suggesting that mitigation efforts should not only aim to increase N use efficiency but also consider water management, fertilizer type and fertilizer manufacture as key drivers of emissions.
Dressing operators in equivariant Gromov–Witten theory of

CP1
Authors: Takasaki Kanehisa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Okounkov and Pandharipande proved that the equivariant Toda hierarchy governs the equivariant Gromov–Witten theory of

C

P

1

. A technical clue of their method is a pair of dressing operators on the Fock space of 2D charged free fermion fields. We reformulate these operators as difference operators in the Lax formalism of the 2D Toda hierarchy. This leads to a new explanation to the question of why the equivariant Toda hierarchy emerges in the equivariant Gromov–Witten theory of

C

P

1

. Moreover, the non-equivariant limit of these operators turns out to capture the integrable structure of the non-equivariant Gromov–Witten theory correctly.
The effect of the addition of Indigofera flour and red ginger powder in feed towards slaughter, carcass and quality of meat of sensi chicken
Authors: Nurhayu A , A B Lompengeng I , Amna L , Ella A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aim was to determine the effect of the addition of Indigofera flour and red ginger powder in the feed on slaughter, carcass and quality of meat of Sensi chicken which includes protein, fat and cholesterol contents. The research used 36 male Sensi chickens that kept from the age of 4 weeks to 19 weeks in Experimental Garden of Gowa, The Assessment Institute of Agriculture Technology South Sulawesi. The design used was a complete randomized design divided into three treatments and 12 replications. The treatment of feed given is as follows: R1: 100% commercial feed; R2: commercial feed 75%, Indigofera flour 10% bran 5%, corn 9%, red ginger powder 1%; R3: commercial feed 50%, Indigofera flour 15% bran 9%, corn 25%, red ginger powder 1%. The results showed that the feed treatment significantly affected (P <0.05) on the slaughter weight and carcass weight of Sensi chicken where R3 treatment produced the highest slaughter weight and carcass weight compared to other treatments, which was 1728.16 g/tail/day and 1398.33 g/tail/day. The results of quality meat analysis in the form of crude protein, crude fat and cholesterol showed that R2 treatment had the highest crude protein content (25.74%), fat content (0.16%) and cholesterol (54.7%) the lowest compared to other treatments. The conclusion was that the addition of Indigofera flour and red ginger powder in feed gave the highest slaughter weight and carcass weight of Sensi chicken and could increase meat protein content, reduce fat and cholesterol content of meat Sensi chicken.