bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peace of Mind Program (PMP): Impact of the Dissemination and Implementation of an Evidence-based Intervention (EBI) to Improve Mammography Appointment Adherence in Safety Net Clinics
Authors: Holcomb Jennifer , Rajan Suja S , Ferguson Gayla M , Sun Jiali , Walton Gretchen H , Highfield Linda 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Backgroundhe Peace of Mind Program – an adapted evidence-based intervention to improve mammography appointment adherence in underserved women – was expanded to safety net clinics. This study assessed effectiveness of the intervention in improving mammography appointment adherence and implementation of the intervention. MethodsThe intervention was implemented through a non-randomized stepped wedge cluster design with 19 Federally Qualified Health Centers and charity care clinics in the Greater Houston area. Clinics were their own control during the baseline period and conducted at least three mammography drives during the baseline and intervention period. A multivariable generalized estimating equation logistic regression was conducted to examine mammography appointment adherence. To examine adoption and implementation of the intervention, two surveys assessing Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research constructs were conducted with clinic leadership and staff. One-sided t-tests were conducted to analyze mean score changes between the adoption and implementation survey. Results total of 4402 women (baseline period = 2078; intervention period = 2324) were included in the final analysis. Women in the intervention period were more likely to attend or reschedule their mammography appointment (OR = 1.30; p < 0.01). Similarly, for those in the intervention period, women who completed the intervention were more likely to attend or reschedule their mammography appointment than those who did not complete the intervention (OR = 1.62; p < 0.01). The mammography appointment no-show rates for those in the baseline period, in the intervention period, and who completed the intervention were, respectively, 22%, 19%, and 15%. In terms of the adoption and implementation survey, a statistically significant mean score decrease was observed in Inner Setting overall and in two Inner Setting constructs, Culture – Effort and Implementation Climate. Conclusions﻿This study provided a pragmatic approach to translating an evidence-based mammography intervention into practice in safety net clinics. While the intervention improved mammography appointment adherence, there our opportunities to further integrate Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research constructs in future implementation of the intervention. Future research on the effects of implementation moderators particularly Inner Setting constructs would be of value to implementation practitioners.
Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics: Recycling Potential and Waste Diversion Rate in Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Widyarsana I Made Wahyu , Tambunan Suci Ameliya , Mulyadi Aurilia Ayuanda 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research was conducted to evaluate waste management in Bali Province through the waste recycling potential and waste diversion rate. These values describe how much waste can be recycled and diverted from landfills. Based on observations and data analysis, Bali’s total waste amounts to 2,253,542.03 kg d-1 or equivalent to 822,542.84 tonnes yr-1 from 9 (nine) cities/regencies with a population of 4,183,072 in 2019. Bali Province’s waste at the source is dominated by organic waste with 65% wet weight (ww) of the total waste generated, consisting of food waste and wood/leaf waste. It is also dominated by plastic waste with 15.70% ww and paper waste with 8.92% ww. The material flow analysis results in 53.02% ww of waste, or equivalent to 436,137.41 tonnes yr-1, which ended up in the landfill. Meanwhile, 13.36% ww or equivalent to 109,896.80 tonnes yr-1 is sold outside Bali, while 26.94% or equivalent to 221,583.37 tonnes yr-1 is unmanaged. Waste reduction by recycling in Bali’s landfill only reaches 20.38% of its potential; in comparison, the waste that can be diverted from landfills only reached 11.79% ww of the total generated waste. The reality is still very far from the 2025 government target of 30% reduction waste target and its diversion rate potential of 77.35% ww of the total waste generation.
Exposure to Aflatoxins Above Permissible Limits in Maize (Zea Mays) Meant for Consumption and Their Health Risk Estimations in the Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Kortei Nii Korley , Annan Theophilus , Dzikunoo John 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aflatoxin contamination in foods is a vital health challenge for low and middle-income countries in subtropical regions. Maize (Zea mays L.), a staple food most widely grown in Africa including Ghana, and extensively consumed as much as three times per day is a source of aflatoxin contamination owing to its susceptibility to fungal attack. This study aimed at evaluating aflatoxin levels above international (European Food Safety Authority, EFSA) and local (Ghana Standards Authority, GSA) standards and health risks associated with maize sampled from the Volta Region (Hohoe, Ho, Battor Dugame, and Keta) of Ghana. Total aflatoxins (AFTotal) and the constituent aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) were measured with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Risk assessments were also conducted using models prescribed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Additives (JECFA). The degree of occurrence of aflatoxins was observed to be in decreasing order of AFG2< AFG1< AFB2<AFB1 and were within the ranges of 0.78±0.04-234.73±3.8 µg/kg, 0.47±0.03-21.6±0.33 µg/kg, 1.01±0.05-13.75±1.2 µg/kg and 0.66±0.06-5.51±0.26 µg/kg respectively. Out of the 100 samples analyzed for total aflatoxins (AFTotal), 68% exceeded the limits of EFSA and were of range 4.98±0.6-444.01±8.9 µg/kg whereas 58% and ranged between 12.12±1.4-444.01±8.9 µg/kg exceeded for GSA limits. Risk assessments of total aflatoxins (AFTotal) for infants, children, and adolescents, and adults ranged between 0.0083-0.3427 μg/Kg.bw/day, 0.116-4.8192, 0-0.0396 ng Aflatoxins kg−1bwday−1 and 3.2868x10-4 -0.0136 for Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Margin of Exposure (MOE), Average Potency, and Population Risks respectively. It was inferred that the consumption of maize posed adverse health effects on all age categories studied because all calculated MOE values were greater than 0.04 ngkg−1bwday−1.
Providing laypeople with results from dynamic infectious disease modelling studies affects their allocation preference for scarce medical resources—a factorial experiment
Authors: Rübsamen Nicole , Voges Benno Garcia , Castell Stefanie , Klett-Tammen Carolina Judith , Oppliger Jérôme , Krütli Pius , Smieszek Timo , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Karch André 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAllocation of scarce medical resources can be based on different principles. It has not yet been investigated which allocation schemes are preferred by medical laypeople in a particular situation of medical scarcity like an emerging infectious disease and how the choices are affected by providing information about expected population-level effects of the allocation scheme based on modelling studies.MethodsIn a two-way factorial experiment (n = 878 participants), we investigated if prognosis of the disease or information about expected effects on mortality at population-level (based on dynamic infectious disease modelling studies) influenced the choice of preferred allocation schemes for prevention and treatment of an unspecified sexually transmitted infection. A qualitative analysis of the reasons for choosing specific allocation schemes supplements our results.ResultsPresence of the factor “information about the population-level effects of the allocation scheme” substantially increased the probability of choosing a resource allocation system that minimized overall harm among the population, while prognosis did not affect allocation choices. The main reasons for choosing an allocation scheme differed among schemes, but did not differ among those who received additional model-based information on expected population-level effects and those who did not.ConclusionsProviding information on the expected population-level effects from dynamic infectious disease modelling studies resulted in a substantially different choice of allocation schemes. This finding supports the importance of incorporating model-based information in decision-making processes and communication strategies.
The Norwegian Forest Resource Map SR16: Mapping Forest Attributes Using Heterogeneous Sets of Airborne Laser Scanning and National Forest Inventory Data
Authors: Hauglin Marius , Rahlf Johannes , Schumacher Johannes , Astrup Rasmus , Breidenbach Johannes 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background The Norwegian forest resource map SR16 combines national forest inventory (NFI) and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. While the ALS data were acquired over a time interval of 10 years using various sensors and settings, the NFI data are continuously collected. Aims of this study were to analyze the effects of stratification on models linking remotely sensed and field data, and assess the accuracy overall and at the ALS project level. Material and methods The model dataset consisted of 9203 NFI field plots and data from 367 ALS projects, covering 17 Mha and ⅔ of the productive forest in Norway. Mixed-effects regression models were used to account for differences among ALS projects. Two types of stratification were used to fit models: 1) strata by the three main tree species groups spruce, pine and deciduous resulted in species-specific models that can utilize a satellite-based species map for improving predictions, and 2) a stratification by species and maturity class resulted in stratum-specific models that can be used in forest management inventories where each stand regularly is stratified accordingly. Stratified models were compared to general models that were fit without stratifying the data. Results The species-specific models had relative root-mean-squared errors (RMSEs) of 35, 34, 31, and 12% for volume, aboveground biomass, basal area, and Lorey’s height, respectively. These RMSEs were 2-7 percentage points (pp) smaller than those of general models. When validating using predicted species, RMSEs were 0-4 pp smaller than those of general models. Models stratified by main species and maturity class further improved RMSEs compared to species-specific models by up to 1.8 pp. Using mixed-effects models over ordinary least squares models resulted in a decrease of RMSE for timber volume of 1.0 – 3.9 pp, depending on the main tree species. RSMEs for timber volume ranged between 19 – 59% among individual ALS projects.Conclusions The stratification by tree species considerably improved models of forest structural variables. A further stratification by maturity class improved these models only moderately. The accuracy of the models utilized in SR16 were within the range reported from other ALS-based forest inventories, but local variations are apparent.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Following Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report
Authors: Tsai Meng-Ko , Lai Chao-Hung , Chuang Tsung-Ju 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) following the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is rare and usually occurs in children. This is the first case of DKA following PRES that we know of that occurred in an adult.Case report We encountered a middle-aged woman with a one-day history of nausea and vomiting who presented with DKA and seizure, along with hallucinations. On presentation, we performed physical examinations and blood biochemistry tests to ascertain the cause of these symptoms. We also performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of her brain, which showed typical brain edema in the bilateral occipital and parietal regions, which indicated PRES. We treated the patient’s symptoms by administering adequate hydration and administering an infusion of insulin of 30 U after breakfast and 15 U after dinner to bring her blood sugar levels under control.The brain MRI we performed showed hyperintensity of the bilateral occipital and parietal cortexes on a fluid-attenuated inversion recovery T2 weighted image, after which the patient was diagnosed with PRES. The patient was discharged thirteen days after admission with stable blood sugar and blood pressure levels. Conclusions Physicians should keep this condition in mind as a possible complication of DKA and treat it quickly and efficiently in order to attain a good patient outcome.This is the first report of DKA-induced PRES in an adult, and physicians should keep this condition in mind as a possible complication of DKA, which is treatable and may have a good prognosis.
Remediation of Hydrocarbon Polluted Soil Offsets Methanogenic Microbial Communities and Improves Soil Recovery of Crude Oil-Polluted Site
Authors: Obieze Chinedu Christopher , Chikere Chioma Blaise , Adeleke Rasheed , Selvarajan Ramganesh , Ntushelo Khayalethu , Akaranta Onyewuchi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hydrocarbon pollution amplified by artisanal refining has led to the devastating destruction of farmlands and fishing settlements of subsistence farmers in the Niger Delta. The relatively slow natural attenuation of these polluted sites is the motivation for this study. The natural response and the influence of intermittent tillage and nutrient addition on bacterial community ecological functions were investigated using 16S rRNA metabarcoding. Representative soil samples were drawn from the surface (0 – 15cm) and subsurface (1m and 1.5m depths) of the polluted site pre-remediation and during remediation on Days 0, 14, 49, 70 and 91. Nutrient in the form of poultry droppings was added to the polluted soil while aeration was improved by tillage at 3-weeks interval throughout the duration of remediation. Total petroleum hydrocarbon was reduced from 93,720 mg kg–1 on timepoint zero to 9,029.76 mg kg–1 on day 91. Alpha diversity analysis revealed that the proportionality (evenness) of bacterial species significantly reduced during remediation. The bacterial community structure during remediation was significantly different compared to the structure pre-remediation. Spearman’s rank correlation revealed that soil pH, total phosphorus and total potassium were the chemical factors that influenced diversity. During remediation, the most responsive bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria while Hydrogenedentes and Spirochaetes were among biomarkers pre-remediation. PICRUSt2-based functional prediction revealed that pre-remediation, pathways for methanogenesis and terpenoids biosynthesis were differentially abundant while high energy-yielding TCA cycle and pathways for both fatty acid biosynthesis and the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons were differentially abundant during remediation. Overall, the addition of poultry droppings and intermittent tillage improved nutrient availability and this subsequently led to a significant change in the bacterial community structure and the rate of hydrocarbon sequestration. The authors concluded that incorporation of poultry droppings by tillage may serve as a suitable remediation method to reduce hydrocarbon in oil-polluted Niger Delta soils.
Role of Prostate Ultrasonography to Predict The Efficacy of Bipolar Prostatectomy in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Ibrahim Ali , Taha Diaaeldin , Talaat Mona , Nabeeh Hossam , Abdelbaky Tarek 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: We evaluated the role of prostatic ultrasonography to predict the clinical outcomes of Bipolar Transurethral resection of the prostate. Methods: 109 Patients complaining of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTs) due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively (at 1, 3, and 6 months) using ultrasonography (pelvi-abdominal and transrectal ), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), uroflowmetry, post-void residual urine volume (PVR), ejaculatory domain, and the erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-ED). The safety of the procedure was assessed by Modified Clavien classification of complications.Result: There was a close correlation between residual tissue of prostate detected by ultrasonography and clinical outcomes. The prostate volume was significantly decreased postoperatively with a concomitant significant improvement of IPSS, Qmax, and PVR over six months of follow-up (P <0.001 ). 57.8 % of the cases in this study were sexually active, and there was no significant difference in the IIEF-ED score between preoperative and postoperative evaluation.Conclusion: Prostate ultrasonography has a significant predictive value as a single investigating tool to evaluate the clinical outcomes after bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The maximum improvement in IPSS and ultrasonographic measurements were detected at six months postoperatively.
Irradiation suppresses STAT3-mediated MCL1 expression to augment CD8+ T cells cytotoxicity against EGFR-positive lung cancer
Authors: Wang Chun-I , Chang Yi-Fang , Sie Zong-Lin , Ho Ai-Sheng , Cheng Chun-Chia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Tumor cells progress to evade immunological attacks and prohibit activity of CD8+ T cells. Irradiation damages tumor cells and augments tumor immunotherapy in clinical application. However, the detail mechanism remains elusive. We aimed to uncover the mechanism of irradiation augmenting cytotoxic CD8+ T cells to suppress tumor progression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods

EGFR-positive NSCLC cell lines were co-cultured with isolated PBMCs from healthy volunteers, cell viability and apoptosis were measured. RNAseq was used to screen the IFNγ-mediated gene expression in A549 cells. Irradiation was used to augment PBMCs-mediated anti-tumor effect and the irradiation effect to IFNγ-mediated gene expression was investigated using qPCR and Western blots.
Results

Co-culture of tumor cells stimulates increase of granzyme B and IFNγ in CD8+ T, but A549 exhibits resistance against CD8+ T cytotoxicity. Irradiation inhibits A549 proliferation and enhances apoptosis, augmenting PBMCs-mediated cytotoxicity against A549. IFNγ simultaneously increased phosphorylation on STAT1 and STAT3 in EGFR-positive lung cancer, resulting in overexpression of PD-L1. In RNAseq analysis, MCL1 was identified and increased by IFNγ-STAT3 axis in A549 cells, we found that irradiation specifically inhibits phosphorylation on STAT1 and STAT3 in IFNr-treated A549, resulting in reductions of PD-L1 and MCL1. Moreover, knockdowns of STAT3 and MCL1 increased PBMCs against irradiated A549 cells.
Conclusion

This study demonstrated that A549 expressed MCL1 against CD8+ T cell-mediated apoptosis. In addition, we found that irradiation suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation and IFNγ-mediated PD-L1 and MCL1 expression, revealing a potential mechanism of irradiation augmenting immune surveillance.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Attenuates Arterial Calcification By Downregulating Oxidative Stress-Induced Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice
Authors: Lin Chih Pei , Huang Po-Hsun , Chen Chi-Yu , Chen Jia-Shiong , Chen Jaw-Wen , Lin Shing-Jong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Plasma advanced glycation end products (AGEs) activates the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the activation of RAGE is implicated to be the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetic mellitus patient vascular complications. Attenuating the activation of RAGE may exert a protective effect against the development of cardiovascular disease. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are a new class of oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Whether sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, has a beneficial effect on vascular calcification remains undetermined. Methods: In the present study, we fed low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLR-/-) mice a high fat diet to induce diabetic mellitus and studied the effect of orally administered sitagliptin on the high fat diet fed LDLR-/- mice aorta medial calcification, RAGE expression, oxidative stress, aorta calcium content. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α combined with S100A12 was used to induce HASMC oxidative stress, activation of NADPH, up-regulation of the bone markers and RAGE expression, and cell calcium deposition. Effect of sitagliptin, siRNA for RAGE and apocynin on blunting TNF-α and S100A12 induced HASMC oxidative stress, calcification and NADPH activation were also investigated. Results: Sitagliptin attenuated the HFD-induced LDLR-/- mice hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, increase in serum TNF-α, aorta calcium deposition and the expression of RAGE in the medial layer of the aorta. TNF-α combined with S100A12 stimulated HASMC RAGE expression, calcium deposition, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) activation, and up-regulation of bone marker (bone morphogenetic protein-2, Msh homeobox 2, and runt‑related transcription factor 2) expression. Sitagliptin and apocynin (APO), an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, suppressed the TNF-α+S100A12 treatment effects on the activation of NADPH oxidase and Nuclear factor (NF)-κB and the resultant oxidative stress, up-regulation of RAGE and bone markers expression and calcium deposition. Our findings suggest that sitagliptin imparts its protective effect by suppressing NADPH oxidase and NF-κB activation to blunt the up-regulation of RAGE expression.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that sitagliptin may suppress the initiation and progression of artery calcification by inhibiting the activation of NADPH oxidase and NF-κB and the resultant up-regulation of expression of RAGE.
Symptomatic Complete Discoid Medial Meniscus Completely Coalesced With the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: a Case Report
Authors: Jin Guorong , Xin Tong , Weng Zheng , Zhu Yun , Qiu Hao , Liu Dun , Chen Shimou , Dong Jiangtao , Chen Yu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Rationale: Complete discoid medial meniscus is an extremely rare abnormality of the knee joint whose meniscus has a discoid shape rather than a normal semilunar one. Several medial meniscus anomalies including anomalous insertion have been reported in the literature. This report presents a rare case of symptomatic complete discoid medial meniscus whose anterolateral (apical) portion was completely coalesced with the ACL. MRI, radiographic and arthroscopic findings in the medial compartment are to be submitted.Patient concerns and diagnoses: A 29-year-old male presented with intermittent pain and swelling of the right knee for 2 years. Based on radiographic, MRI and physical examination findings, he was diagnosed with discoid medial meniscus tears. Interventions and outcomes: Arthroscopic saucerization were performed for the torn discoid medial meniscus of the right knee. Arthroscopic examination revealed a complete discoid medial meniscus and the anterolateral (apical) portion of which was completely coalesced with the ACL. Careful Probing of the meniscal surface revealed there was a longitudinal tear extending from the tibial spine to the midportion of the meniscus. Arthroscopic saucerization of the discoid meniscus were performed After closely cutting the meniscus around the ACL. The patient reported a satisfactory results at the 12-month follow-up.Lessons: Complete discoid medial meniscus is an extremely rare abnormality, and this case presents the third complete discoid medial meniscus whose anterolateral (apical) portion was completely coalesced with the ACL. The current case we present strongly supports the theory that ACL and meniscus were differentiated from the same mesenchyme.