bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Government Incentives in the Development and Internationalization of the Real Sector in Turkey: A Theoretical Introduction
Authors: Yusufi Ferimah 
Published: October 2021

In Turkey, the development and internationalization of the real sector are expressed as complementary industrialization strategies defining inward-oriented industrialization as “import substitution” and outward-oriented industrialization as “export-based industrialization”. Inward-oriented industrialization period can be conceptually considered the period in which the industrialization process is realized towards the domestic market; the export led industrialism process, on the other hand, can be considered the period in which the industrialization process takes place by integrating into the total circulation of the world industry and markets.
The inward-oriented (domestic market) industrialization period should not be considered a period in which it was isolated from international power and industrialization dynamics, on the contrary, it should be taken into account that this period is shaped by the effects of international real sector, especially in Turkey. On the other hand, although the sectors which are effective in import substitution are in different forms, the outward-oriented industrialization process is basically the period in which the development and transformation of the same actors and sectors with financial, commercial, and industrial equipment has been observed since the establishment of the Republic. Although it is considered that both periods contain different policies along with the outward move since the beginning of this process which is the inward-oriented industrialization process, the process corresponds to different phases of industrialization as a whole. For this reason, government incentives in the formation and internationalization processes of the real sector have also altered and transformed.
ON THE ISSUE OF FORECLOSURE ON A SINGLE RESIDENTIAL PREMISES UNDER A MORTGAGE AGREEMENT
Authors: Скворцова Татьяна Александровна , Кухмистрова Яна Валерьевна 
Published: October 2021

В статье рассматриваются правовые проблемы обращения взыскания на единственное жилое помещение по договору ипотеки. Проанализированы вопросы достижения баланса интересов кредитора и заемщика, а также защиты прав на жилище несовершеннолетних и недееспособных членов семьи заемщика. Сделан вывод о необходимости изменения положений законодательства об исполнительском иммунитете в отношении единственного жилого помещения.
The article deals with the legal problems of foreclosure on a single residential premises under a mortgage agreement. The issues of achieving a balance of interests of the lender and the borrower, as well as the protection of the rights to housing of minors and incapacitated family members of the borrower are analyzed. It is concluded that it is necessary to change the provisions of the legislation on executive immunity in relation to a single residential premises.
Numerical and Experimental Study on Optimization of Coil Springs used in Vehicles’ Suspension System
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Abdullah Saeem Bin 
Published: October 2021

In general, the suspension systems are used to absorb vibrations, bump, rolls, dip from shock loads due to road surface irregularities. It performs its major role without affecting the vehicles’ stability and overall handling during operation. Coil springs are used as suspension element in light vehicles to attenuate unwanted vibrations. A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy and it can be twisted, pulled or extended by some force and can return to its initial position when the force is released. In this study, mild steel material was taken into consideration in designing and fabricating coil springs. Theoretical and experimental investigations were conducted to calculate springs’ stiffness and to make validation between them. Three model of springs having coils 10, 11, 14 respectively are designed which have slight stiffness difference both theoretically and experimentally. The models were analyzed to determine mechanical behaviors for randomly chosen loading conditions ranging from 29.4 N to 176.4 N which are better suited with spring size. It is noted from both numerical and experimental investigations that deflection is high when the stiffness is less and vice-versa. In addition, shear stress formation increases with the increment of stiffness and applied load. Hence, springs having high stiffness are used in suspension system to reduce vibration and other disturbances. This study shows springs of having high stiffness are comparatively compact in size and cost economic as well.
Morphological diversity of peroneus tertius: a cadaveric study
Authors: Kosgallana E. W. , Eshwara J. M. , Dissanayake J. 
Published: October 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate morphological anatomical variations of the peroneus tertius muscle which may have important clinical and surgical implications.
Materials and methods: Fifty four specimens of anterior compartment of the leg which were dissected routinely according to the undergraduate course were examined for variations of the above muscles and the anatomy was further defined using appropriate dissection methods.
Results: A wide variation was found with regard to the morphology of peroneus tertius and the extensor digitorum longus muscles with considerable differences between the legs of the same cadaver.
When considering important variations deviating considerably from the normal structure, a variation of the distal attachment of peroneus tertius muscle in two specimens revealed that in addition to the normal attachment to the shaft of the fifth metatarsal, an additional slip inserted to the extensor expansion of the fifth toe. It apparently replaced the fourth tendon of extensor digitorum longus, which only had three divisions in these specimens.
Seventeen of the specimens had a single muscle belly giving rise to 5 tendons which had the usual distal attachments of the peroneus tertius and the extensor digitorum longus muscle as stated below. Absence of peroneus tertius was noted in one specimen.
Conclusion: The anatomical structure of the peroneus tertius vary substantially from individual to individual, inclusive of differences existing between the left and the right lower limbs of the same cadaver.
Abnormal origin of left ovarian artery from the inferior renal polar artery - a rare anatomical variation
Authors: Eranga U. R. R. , Samarawickrama M. B. , Rodrigo M. , Nanayakkara P. G. C. L. 
Published: October 2021

Anatomical variations of the renal arteries and gonadal arteries are not uncommon owing to their embryological origin. Awareness of possible anatomical variations of the renal artery and gonadal artery is essential for surgeons who perform open and minimally invasive procedures of the kidneys and retroperitoneal region to prevent disastrous haemorrhagic complications during those procedures and for radiologists to prevent misinterpretations of imaging and to prevent vascular complications during interventional procedures. The present report describes an unusual variation of the left ovarian artery arising from the inferior renal polar artery which originated from the abdominal aorta superior to the main renal artery.
Morphometric evaluation and quantification using Fiji
Authors: Mathangasinghe Y. , Samaranayake U. M. E. 
Published: October 2021

Fiji is a free software which can be used for image analysis in anatomical studies which allows obtaining accurate measurements of fine structures for morphometric evaluation. Fiji has a user-friendly interface with no requirement of programming skills, hence it has gained a wide interest among basic scientists. Here, we describe a protocol for obtaining basic measurements in gross anatomical and radiological studies using Fiji.
Cutting edges in Clostridioides difficile infections
Authors: Durovic Ana , Tschudin-Sutter Sarah 
Published: October 2021

Clostridioides difficile is the most common cause of hospital-acquired diarrhoea and one of the most important causes of hospital-acquired infections. It results in significant morbidity, mortality and economic burden - especially in the context of recurrent infections. After initial antibiotic therapy of a C. difficile infection, recurrence occurs in about 20% of all patients, which increases the risk of further recurrence to about 45%.
Traditional therapeutic options for treatment of C. difficile infection include metronidazole or vancomycin. Newer therapy options such as fidaxomicin, the administration of monoclonal antibodies or faecal microbiota transplantation demonstrate significant advantages over traditional therapies, particularly regarding the reduction of the recurrence rate.
This article highlights the main differences between the recommendations of the Swiss Society for Infectious Diseases on the management of “Clostridioides difficile infection” and the IDSA/SHEA reference guideline “Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)” and discusses some important challenges in -treatment of C. difficile.
Octopus stinkhorn Clathrus archeri (Berk.) Dring, an alien stinkhorn fungus (Phallaceae), in north-eastern Poland
Authors: Piętka Jacek , Byk Damian , Byk Adam 
Published: October 2021

Distribution of an alien fungus, octopus stinkhorn Clathrus archeri, has been studied in north-eastern Poland. The closest earlier known localities of this species, situated north of the new ones, were reported near the village of Dymnica (Lębork County) in Poland and near the town of Kartena in Lithuania. Field research was conducted in May–November in 2019-2020 and information from naturalists and foresters was verified, to map this species and draw attention to the problem of appearance of alien fungal species in forests. In the locality where the largest number of basidiomata was found, they were measured every day from 12 October till 2 November 2020: height and width of young ones at the egg phase, height of mature ones, and length of their longest arms. Additionally, arms of individual basidiomata were counted. We have documented 7 localities of C. archeri, including 5 situated in forests and 2 in other habitats. In total, we found 63 basidiomata of this species. In the localities outside forests, basidiomata of C. archeri appeared in places where timber was stored and the soil was covered with sawdust and pieces of bark. The other 5 localities were situated in broadleaved forests with a small proportion of coniferous species. It seems that C. archeri, when moisture level is suitable, finds favourable living conditions in fertile broadleaved forests of north-eastern Poland. It is sometimes re-moved from forest areas (e.g. with wood) to open and urbanized areas. Considering the observed climate change, we can expect a further spread of C. archeri to the north-eastern of Poland and an increase in the number of its localities in the Baltic Sea region. Spore dispersal of this species is facilitated not only by humans but also by insects. No negative impact of C. archeri on wooded habitats was noticed. Key words: Phallaceae, Clathrus archeri, octopus stinkhorn, alien species, ecology, distribution, forest, Poland
Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik Tentang Penerapan Motion Capture Pada Proses Produksi Animasi
Authors: As Shidiqi Qolbun Salim , Utami Ema , Sofyan Amir Fatah 
Published: October 2021

Motion capture adalah metode atraktif untuk membuat gerakan dalam animasi komputer. Mocap dapat menyajikan gerakan yang realistis dan memberikan nuansa dan detil khususnya pada pameran tertentu. Mocap memungkinkan bagi aktor dan sutradara untuk bekerja bersama membuat gerakan tertentu yang diinginkan, yang itu akan sulit dilakukan pada animator yang bekerja secara manual. Teknologi motion capture dibutuhkan dalam berbagai aplikasi, khususnya animasi yang terus berkembang pesat. Teknik yang digunakan dapat menggunakan penanda maupun tanpa penanda (markerless).
Ada banyak algoritma untuk motion capture salah satunya metode Active Appearance Model (AAM). Metode ini mampu melakukan capture titik-titik landmark pada wajah dengan baik. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengembangkan teknik markerless motion capture dengan menggunakan AAM pada wajah. Dari metode yang ada perlu diketahui mana metode yang paling efektif untuk digunakan, untuk itu penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode AAM, yaitu IAIA (Inverse Additive Image Alignment) dan ICIA (Inverse Compositional Image Alignment) yang dilakukan secara real time. AAM merupakan metode yang sering digunakan pada pemodelan wajah (face modeling). Namun, AAM dapat juga bermanfaat untuk implementasi lainnya. Dalam aplikasi tertentu, langkah pertama adalah mencocokan AAM dengan gambar, yakni parameter model ditemukan terlebih dahulu untuk memaksi-malkan kecocokan antara contoh model dengan gambar input.
مستوى ممارسة أعضاء هيئة التدريس في كليتي التربية (عدن وصبر) بجامعة عدن لاستراتيجيات التقويم الواقعي من وجهة نظرهم
Authors: Al-saqqaf Ittfak Mahmood Ali 
Published: October 2021

هدفت الدراسة الحالية الكشف عن مستوى ممارسة أعضاء هيئة التدريس بأقسام العلوم لكليتي التربية (عدن وصبر) بجامعة عدن لاستراتيجيات التقويم الواقعي من وجهة نظرهم، استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي نظراً لملائمته لتحقيق هدف الدراسة، تمثلت أداة الدراسة في استبيان تكون من (45) فقرة موزعة على خمسة محاور (استراتيجية التقويم المعتمد على الأداء، استراتيجية التقويم بالورقة والقلم، استراتيجية التقويم بالملاحظة، استراتيجية التقويم بالتواصل، استراتيجية مراجعة الذات)، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (60) فرداً من أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية بكليتي التربية عدن وصبر.
اظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن النسبة المئوية لأعضاء هيئة التدريس بأقسام العلوم في كليتي التربية (عدن وصبر) الذين لديهم معرفة سابقة باستراتيجيات التقويم الواقعي وأدواته بلغت 45.0%، وأن المتوسط العام لمستوى ممارسة أعضاء هيئة التدريس لاستراتيجيات التقويم الواقعي بشكل عام جاء متوسطاً، كذلك الأمر بالنسبة لمتوسط ممارسة استراتيجية التقويم المعتمد على الاداء، والتقويم بالملاحظة، والتقويم بالتواصل، وعلى النقيض من ذلك فإن متوسط مستوى ممارسة استراتيجية التقويم بالورقة والقلم وحدها كان كبيرا، أما متوسط ممارسة أعضاء هيئة التدريس لاستراتيجية مراجعة الذات، فقد حصل على مستوى ضعيف. كما اشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن 18.3% من أعضاء هيئة التدريس، حضروا دورات تدريبية في استراتيجيات التقويم الواقعي وأدواته. وأنه لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائياً بين متوسطات تقديرات افراد العينة لمستوى ممارستهم لاستراتيجيات التقويم الواقعي تعزى لمتغيرات: الخبرة، والمؤهل العلمي، ونوع الكلية. وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة اوصت الباحثة بعدد من التوصيات كان من أبرزها الاهتمام بتدريب اعضاء الهيئة التدريسية على استخدام استراتيجيات التقويم الواقعي وادواته.
جريمة تجنيد الأطفال وأشراكهم في النزاعات المسلحة في ضوء أحكام القانون الدولي الإنساني "دراسة تحليلية"
Authors: Alwheebe Etesam Alabd Saleeh 
Published: October 2021

عانى المجتمع الدولي من ظاهرة تجنيد الأطفال وأشراكهم في النزاعات المسلحة التي مازالت تتزايد بصورة مستمرة في النزاعات المسلحة الدولية وغير الدولية، رغم ما أقرته العديد من الوثائق الدولية من حماية للأطفال، حيث يجري استهداف الأطفال للتجنيد على أيدي القوات المسلحة والجماعات المسلحة واستخدامهم في أعمال القتال وفي الجاسوسية أو أعمال التخريب، بل أصبحوا أدوات لارتكاب المجازر والانتهاكات الجسيمة للقانون الدولي الإنساني. وأصبحت هناك ضرورة ملحة لتحريم اشتراك الأطفال في النزاعات المسلحة، لأنه يتنافى مع الإنسانية أن يتم السماح للأطفال بالمشاركة في الحروب وتعريض حياتهم للخطر، لذلك تعرضت العديد من الوثائق الدولية إلى موضوع تجنيد الأطفال وحاولت منح أقصى حماية لهم لإبعادهم عن خطر الحرب، إما بحظر تجنيدهم أو تحديد سن معينة لتجنيدهم أو منحهم معاملة خاصة عند اعتقالهم كجنود حرب.
ويحظر القانون الدولي الإنساني تجنيد الأطفال وأشراكهم في النزاعات المسلحة، وتضطلع المحكمة الجنائية الدولية بمهمة محاكمة المسؤولين عن جريمة تجنيد الأطفال واشراكهم في النزاعات المسلحة، وعلى الرغم من تجريم القانون الدولي تجنيد الأطفال واستخدامهم في العمليات العسكرية، لكن تظل ظاهرة الأطفال الجنود مستمرة ومصدر قلق للمجتمع الدولي تحتاج إلى تضافر الجهود للقضاء عليها، إذ لا يحتاج الإطار القانوني لهذه الظاهرة إلى تطوير إضافي لقواعده في الوقت الحاضر بقدر ما يحتاج إلى تفعيل هذه القواعد وتطبيقها، فالمشكلة تكمّن في التطبيق وليست مشكلة تشريع.
كم عدد المربعات والمستطيلات المرسومة في مربع أو مستطيل مقسم إلى مربعات صغيرة؟
Authors: Abdalkabeer Salem Ahmed Abdullah 
Published: October 2021

هدف البحث لحل المسألة: كم عدد المربعات والمستطيلات المرسومة في مربع مقسم إلى n×n من المربعات الصغيرة أو المرسومة في مستطيل مقسم إلى m×n (m<n) من المربعات الصغيرة؟ واستخدم الباحث الاستقراء لإيجاد العلاقات العامة لحل أسئلة البحث، كما استخدم الاستقراء الرياضي لبرهنة صحة النتائج. وتوصل الباحث إلى النتائج التالية:
1ـ عدد المربعات المرسومة في مربع مقسم إلى n×n من المربعات الصغيرة تساوي
n(n+1)(2n+1)/6
2ـ عدد المستطيلات (المربع مستطيل) المرسومة في مربع مقسم إلى n×n من المربعات الصغيرة تساوي
n^2(n+1)^2/4
3ـ عدد المستطيلات (طولها يختلف عن عرضها) المرسومة في مربع مقسم إلى n×n من المربعات الصغيرة تساوي
n(n^2-1)(3n+2)/12
4ـ عدد المربعات المرسومة في مستطيل مقسم إلى m×n (m<n) من المربعات الصغيرة يساوي
m(m+1)(3n-m+1)/6
5ـ عدد المستطيلات (المربع مستطيل) المرسومة في مستطيل مقسم إلى m×n (m<n) من المربعات الصغيرة يساوي
nm(n+1)(m+1)/4
6ـ عدد المستطيلات (طولها يختلف عن عرضها) المرسومة في مستطيل مقسم إلى m×n (m<n) من المربعات الصغيرة يساوي
m(m+1){3n(n-1)+2(m-1)}/12
MEN KNOWLEDGE/AWARENESS LEVEL ON BIRTH PREPAREDNESS AND COMPLICATION READINESS IN MAGARINI SUB COUNTY
Authors: Chepkemboi Leila , Kombe Yeri , Makokha A.O. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This study sought to find out the knowledge/awareness level of men on birth preparedness and complication readiness in Magarini Sub County.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study sequential mixed methods design was used where a total of 464 men will be enrolled. Quantitative data was collected using semi structured questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data was coded, and analyzed by SPSS software. Qualitative data was analyzed using NVIVO software. Chi- square test was used to determine associations between categorical variables and Logistics regression was used to identify factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness. The associations between awareness and each independent variable were determined by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Thematic content analysis was applied for qualitative data analysis.
Findings: The result indicated that the odds of pregnancies resulting in a baby that was born alive were 47.306 times higher for more than two pregnancies as compared to one pregnancy(Odds=47.306,p=0.000). The odds of pregnancies resulting in a baby that was born alive were 16.25 times higher for one pregnancies as compared to no pregnancy(Odds=16.25,p=0.000).
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPACR) should be endorsed as an essential component of safe motherhood programs to reduce delays for care-seeking for obstetric emergencies and this has been proven to positively impact on birth outcomes
Keywords: knowledge/awareness level, birth preparedness, complication readiness, Magarini Sub County
THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING AT KOMENDA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Authors: Arkorful Paul , Adam-Yawson Nana , Insaidoo Sylvester 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This study explored the nature of guidance and counselling services available for the students in Komenda College of Education.
Methodology: The descriptive survey design was used for the study. A sample of 185 students consisting of 95 level 200 students and 90 level 300 students were sampled from the population. The major instrument used for data collection was questionnaire. Questionnaire was used because it is the most appropriate instrument that could be used to collect data on the variables for the study. Content-related evidence of validity was established for the instrument. The researchers personally administered the questionnaire. The entry of quantitative data and analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).
Findings: The results from the study showed that guidance and counselling services were vibrant and visible in Komenda College of Education. The study revealed that Seventy-five per cent (75%) of the respondents claimed that attitudes of Guidance and Counselling Coordinators and Tutors were very appropriate for counselling services. All types of guidance and counselling services were rendered in the college. The study further revealed that some students had negative attitudes towards accessing guidance and counselling services.
Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: The researchers therefore recommend that, school authorities should be provided with needed logistics for effective guidance and counselling services in schools and colleges. Also, there should be in-service trainings and refresher courses and seminars for guidance and counselling coordinators to up-date their skills in guidance and counselling. Finally, the Ghana Education Service should organise periodic educational programmes for both teachers and students on the role of guidance and counselling in schools and colleges.
EVALUATING EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING PROGRAMME IN K.E.E.A. MUNICIPALITY OF GHANA
Authors: Adam-Yawson Nana , Arkorful Paul , Oppong-Masu Asihene , Insaidoo Sylvester 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This study intended to consider the patronage and effectiveness of guidance and counselling programmes offered to Junior High Schools (J.H.S.) students in the Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abrem (KEEA) Municipality in the Central Region of Ghana.
Methodology: The researchers used exploratory research design for the study. The researchers considered all the 105 Junior High Schools (J.H.S.) in the Municipality as the subject for the study. The researchers sampled 50 schools for data collection. They (researchers) administered questionnaire to the headmasters and teachers in-charge of guidance and counselling in the selected 50 Junior High Schools (JHSs) arriving at a total of 100 respondents. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaire. Data gathered were analysed in tables and converting them into percentages.
Findings: The findings revealed that, guidance and counselling services were available in the schools with qualified and experienced officers to handle issues as and when they happen. They also offer prompt response to such issues. It further came out that there were not even a single school in the Municipality, which had a place as an office earmarked for guidance and counselling services. There were also some interference from other teachers, parents and headmasters in the affairs of counselling which hampered the effectiveness of the guidance and counselling services. Some teachers too felt reluctant to report identified problems to the notice of the counselling coordinators.
Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: The researchers suggested that misconceptions that some teachers, parents and other stakeholders have about guidance and counselling services should be expunged from their minds. Finally, recommendations from the researchers were that, to improve the guidance and counselling services for junior high school students in KEEA Municipality there should be regular workshops and orientation for teachers who ate mandated to offer guidance and counselling services to students. Teachers should be made to understand that counselling is geared towards cooperation, teamwork and meant for all students and develop well in confidential setting. The researchers suggested that guidance and counselling services should be infused into the schools’ timetable like the assembly and worship.