bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological pollution online monitoring system
Authors: Zhang Youfeng , Yuan Yulin , Zheng Yunhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
With the improvement of people’s living standards, the industrial system has begun to develop rapidly, and the problem of water pollution has also increased. Based on the above background, This paper designs an online monitoring system for biological pollution, this system can automatically or manually perform sufficient pretreatment of the water quality to be measured, it can graphically display the dissolved oxygen value and temperature data of the water quality in real time. The software part of this system uses the MK60N512VMD100 microcontroller of the Free scale Kinetis K60 series as the main control chip, and the IDE used is CodeWarrior for MCU 10.5. it based on the underlying components of the MCU, the software design of the MCU is completed. The upper computer uses Lab Window/CVI 9.0 of NI Company, which connects the equipment terminal to the Internet through SIM900A module, thus completing the communication between the upper computer and the equipment terminal. The hardware part of the biological pollution on-line monitoring system is designed to be portable. Its main purpose is to be convenient for users to carry and suitable for on-site and field operation. The system uses MCU-K60 as the control chip and realizes on-line monitoring on the hardware circuit platform. It is suitable for the determination of water dissolved oxygen and other parameters by departments such as tap water source monitoring, aquaculture farms, environmental protection, sewage treatment plants, beverage industry and scientific research units.
Dynamic Optimization Method for Unmanned Ship Weather Route Based on Multi-stage Inverse Reasoning
Authors: Wang Xiaoyuan , Zhao Xinyue , Wang Gang , Wang Quanzheng , He Guowen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Route is an important factor for safe and efficient navigation of ships. In this paper, unmanned ship navigation environment under complex marine meteorological conditions was analyzed. Wind, wave conditions were integrated considered. Dynamic optimization model of unmanned ship weather route was established, in which meteorological and hydrological information was considered, unfavorable influences of which on ship navigation were reduced, energy and sailing time were saved, and route was found. Simulation results showed that initial fixed weather route could be optimized, and the model could be applied to dynamic optimization of weather routes of unmanned ships in large areas under complex meteorological conditions.
Preparation of cleaning and repairing agent and its double cleaning effect on surface contamination of silicone rubber external insulation
Authors: Zhao Yueju , Xie Xiwei , Shi Jinbiao , Shan Huaping , Liu Min , Liu Jie , Wang Jianhui , Jia Boyan , Zheng Yongli , Chen Qiang , Zhao Chunfeng , Teng Jilin , Miao Wenhua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to the long-term operation of power grid and the interference of external uneven electric field environment, silicone rubber insulators are prone to aging and scaling, and their hydrophobicity and external insulation performance are easily affected. In order to solve this problem, a kind of silicone rubber insulator outer surface cleaning and repairing agent was prepared with self-made composite solvent and silicone as the main raw materials, supplemented by catalyst, surfactant and other additives. So as to achieve the dual effect of efficient cleaning and aging repair, improve its hydrophobicity and prolong its service life. Through hardness test, hydrophobicity test, SEM test, FT-IR test, EDS test, mechanical property test and aging test characterization, and comparing the cleaning effect of different cleaning methods, it is found that the cleaning effect of cleaning repair agent is the best. In addition, it is found that the hydrophobicity of insulator has been greatly improved, from HC4 to HC1, and the mechanical properties have also been improved. This is because after using the cleaning and repairing agent, the powdered layer on the insulator surface is removed, and more hydrophobic methylene (Si–(CH3)2) and methylene (Si–(CH3)3) are attached to the insulator surface, which reduces the -OH binding force between the insulator surface and water molecules. In addition, through the observation of the surface and cross-section micro morphology, it is found that the surface roughness of the insulator is greatly reduced and the micro cracks disappear after using the cleaning and repairing agent, which highlights a certain repairing effect. Finally, the aging test also shows that the cleaning repair layer has a certain durability.The results show that the cleaning and repairing agent can effectively clean and repair the aged insulator, improve its anti- pollution flashover ability and prolong the service life of silicone rubber insulator.
Physical characteristics and utilization of ZSM-5 prepared from rice husk silica and aluminum hydroxide as catalyst for transesterification of Ricinus communis oil
Authors: Pandiangan Kamisah Delilawati , Simanjuntak Wasinton , Hadi Sutopo , Ilim Ilim , Amrulloh Hanif 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Natural and synthetic zeolites are well-known materials sharing a wide range of applications, such as adsorbents, ion exchange, and catalysts. However, synthetic zeolites are more widely used, due to several limitations of natural zeolites, such as the presence of impurities and diverse compositions. In this study, rice husk silica (97.86% purity) and aluminum hydroxide were utilized for the preparation of ZSM-5, to study the effect of crystallization time on the physical characteristics and catalytic activity in the transesterification of Ricinus communis oil. The raw materials, with molar ratio of SiO2:0.025Al2O3:0.165Na2O:25H2O, were subjected to crystallization at 180 °C for 48, 72, 96, and 120 h, completed by 6 h calcination at 600 °C. The formation of ZSM-5 was demonstrated by FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques, confirmed that the formation of ZSM-5 had taken place at 48 h crystallization, with no significant change with prolonged time. The PSA indicates the existence of two clusters of particles, and the BET confirmed the existence of the zeolites as porous materials, with the sample prepared with crystallization time of 96 h had the largest surface area and smallest pore diameter. This particular sample exhibited the highest activity, resulting in 96% conversion of Ricinus communis oil.
Study on preparation and mechanical properties of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite with eagle feather structure
Authors: Liang Yunhong , Tuo Zhiwei , Zhao Qian , Lin Sen , Lin Zhaohua , Han Zhiwu , Ren Luquan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Inspired by the effect of angle between feather shaft and the feather vane on strength enhancement of feather structure, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites with eagle feather structure were prepared successfully. Based on liquid-phase oxidation, wettability of carbon fiber was improved, which enhanced bonding strength between reinforcement and matrix and built material base for mechanical strength of bionic composite. With the increase of carbon fiber content (0.1 wt.%, 0.2 wt.%, 0.3 wt.% and 0.4 wt.%), tensile strength and impact toughness of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites increased first and then decreased. Composites with 0.2 wt.% carbon fiber exhibited optimal mechanical properties, which was used for preparation of bionic composite. Compared with carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite with the traditional vertically arranged structure, the composite material with the bionic structure owned higher tensile strength and impact toughness. The fracture and drawing out of carbon fiber and crack deflection were mechanical mechanism of bionic composite, which provided a new design and preparation method for carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite.
The Illegality of ‘Genuine’ Unilateral Humanitarian Intervention
Authors: Heller Kevin Jon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The activation of the crime of aggression at the International Criminal Court has renewed interest in one of the oldest and most fraught questions of the jus ad bellum: whether a state is entitled to unilaterally use force on the territory of another state for humanitarian purposes. Scholars who support unilateral humanitarian intervention (UHI) generally make two interrelated claims. The first is positivist: that unilateral intervention is lawful if it is genuinely intended to end mass atrocity. The second is normative: that genuinely humanitarian unilateral intervention should be lawful because, in the right circumstances, it can serve as an effective mechanism for protecting civilians from harm. In this article, I criticize both claims. I begin by arguing that, from a positivist perspective, even genuinely humanitarian unilateral intervention violates the prohibition of the use of force and qualifies as a criminal act of aggression. I then argue that the historical record undermines the normative attractiveness of UHI because it is extremely difficult to find an actual example of a unilateral intervention motivated primarily by humanitarian concerns, especially one that improved the humanitarian situation in the territorial state. Finally, I conclude by arguing that the basic effect of insisting on the legality of UHI is to weaken one of the few clear prohibitions in international law for no discernible benefit, making the desire to decriminalize such intervention a well-meaning equivalent to the notorious ticking time-bomb scenario.
Brain Death as the End of a Human Organism as a Self-moving Whole
Authors: Omelianchuk Adam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe biophilosophic justification for the idea that “brain death” (or total brain failure) is death needs to support two claims: (1) that what dies in human death is a human organism, not merely a psychological entity distinct from it; (2) that total brain failure signifies the end of the human organism as a whole. Defenders of brain death typically assume without argument that the first claim is true and argue for the second by defending the “integrative unity” rationale. Yet the integrative unity rationale has fallen on hard times. In this article, I give reasons for why we should think of ourselves as organisms, and why the “fundamental work” rationale put forward by the 2008 President’s Council is better than the integrative unity rationale, despite persistent objections to it.
Clinical Manifestations, Risk Factors, and Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Pregnancy: Living Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Allotey J. , Stallings E. , Bonet M. , Yap M. , Chatterjee S. , Kew T. , Debenham L. , Llavall A.C. , Dixit A. , Zhou D. , Balaji R. , Lee S.I. , Qiu X. , Yuan M. , Coomar D. , van Wely M. , van Leeuwen E. , Kostova E. , Kunst H. , Khalil A. , Tiberi S. , Brizuela V. , Broutet N. , Kara E. , Kim C.R. , Thorson A. , Oladapo O.T. , Mofenson L. , Zamora J. , Thangaratinam S. 
Published: May 2021

(BMJ. 2020;370:m3320)
Since its onset, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 has caused increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pregnant population has been of particular concern, as the effects of COVID-19 on this group and their neonates during and after pregnancy are unknown. Several large case series and systematic reviews of COVID-19 during pregnancy exist, however variance in method, testing and duplicated data have yielded results that at times lack external validity and become quickly outdated. The primary goal of this study was to begin a living (and consistently updated) systematic review to determine clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant and postpartum women, to identify risk factors for possible complications, and to quantify perinatal and maternal outcomes.
Direct oral anticoagulant reversal: An update
Authors: Hafer Andrea , McCann Lindsay 
Published: May 2021

Abstract:
The rise in direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use means nurses must understand the reversal of these agents in case of bleeding. Depending on bleed severity, as well as other criteria, pharmacologic reversal can be considered in place of supportive care alone. Knowledge of literature surrounding DOAC reversal is crucial.
Toward a Typology of Office-based Buprenorphine Treatment Laws: Themes From a Review of State Laws
Authors: Andraka-Christou Barbara , Gordon Adam J. , Bouskill Kathryn , Smart Rosanna , Randall-Kosich Olivia , Golan Matthew , Totaram Rachel , Stein Bradley D. 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
Buprenorphine is a gold standard treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Some US states have passed laws regulating office-based buprenorphine treatment (OBBT) for OUD, with requirements beyond those required in federal law. We sought to identify themes in state OBBT laws.

Methods:
Using search terms related to medications for OUD, we searched Westlaw software for state regulations and statutes in 51 US jurisdictions from 2005 to 2019. We identified and inductively analyzed OBBT laws for themes.

Results:
Since 2005, 10 states have passed a total of 181 OBBT laws. We identified the following themes: (1) provider credentials: state licensure for OBBT providers and continuing medical education requirements; (2) new patients: objective symptoms patients must have before receiving OBBT and exceptions for special populations; (3) educating patients: general informed consent requirements, and specific information to provide; (4) counseling: minimum counselor credentials, minimum counseling frequency, counseling alternatives; (5) patient monitoring: required prescription drug monitoring checks, frequency of drug screening, and responses to lost/stolen medications; (6) enhanced clinician monitoring: evidence-based treatment protocols, minimum clinician-patient contact frequency, health assessment requirements, and individualized treatment planning; and (7) patient safety: reconciling prescriptions, dosage limitations, naloxone coprescribing, tapering, and office closures.

Conclusions:
Some laws codify practices for which scientific consensus is lacking. Additionally, some OBBT laws resemble opioid treatment programs and pain management regulations. Results could serve as the basis for a typology of office-based treatment laws, which could facilitate empirical examination of policy impacts on treatment access and quality.
Evaluation of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT for therapy response assessment of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy in metastasized castration refractory prostate cancer and correlation with survival
Authors: Kurth Jens , Kretzschmar Justus , Aladwan Hamzeh , Heuschkel Martin , Gummesson Anja , Bergner Carina , Kundt Günther , Hakenberg Oliver W. , Krause Bernd J. , Schwarzenböck Sarah M. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the use of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT in therapy response assessment (TRA) of mCRPC patients treated with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 and its correlation with overall survival (OS).

Methods
Thirty-nine patients were included in the study. Patient-/lesion-based early and late response assessment (ERA/LRA) was defined as PET2 (after two therapy cycles) vs. PET1 (before the first cycle) (n = 29) and end of treatment PET vs. PET1 (n = 17), respectively. PET-based response (PET parameters; modified (m) PERCIST/EORTC), biochemical response (ΔPSA; category-based) and category-based clinical response (CRA) was tested for correlation/agreement. PET-based TRA was correlated with OS.

Results
A significant correlation/agreement was shown between PET parameters and CRA as well as biochemical response in LRA of all lesions and between mPERCIST-based and category-based PSA response assessment in LRA (bone lesion-based, P = 0.045, κ = 0.184). At ERA, OS was significantly higher in CR/PR/SD compared to progressive disease applying mPERCIST/EORTC criteria (P = 0.0024).

Conclusion
In [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617-treated mCRPC patients OS of the group of CR/PR/SD was significantly higher compared to the progressive disease group (mPERCIST/EORTC) in ERA. Therefore, [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET might serve as a complementary diagnostic tool for TRA offering prognostic value regarding OS.
Outcomes and Complications of Tendon Transfers to Address Pinch and Grasp Weakness: A Systematic Review of the Operative Management of Ulnar Nerve Paralysis
Authors: Schaeffer Christine V. , McMahon Heather A. , Wagner Eric R. , DeGeorge Brent R. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Patients with ulnar nerve paralysis note difficulties performing activities of daily living because of weakness of pinch and altered grasp mechanism. This review investigates outcomes of tendon transfers for ulnar nerve paralysis to assist in shared decision-making with patients during preoperative counseling and to inform operative choices.

Methods:
A systematic review was conducted to identify studies reporting outcomes following tendon transfer for ulnar nerve palsy. Studies were screened according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Primary outcome measures included postoperative pinch strength and mechanism of grasp.

Results:
A total of 26 studies (687 patients) met criteria for inclusion. After pooled analysis, the flexor digitorum superficialis lasso procedure yielded the highest rate of complete correction of claw deformity (60.6 percent), followed by flexor digitorum superficialis four-tail operation (31.4 percent). The extensor carpi radialis longus four-tail operation yielded the greatest improvement in grip strength (3.8 kg). The extensor carpi radialis brevis four-tail operation resulted in the best open hand assessment and mechanism of closing scores; however, these studies did not objectively evaluate grip strength. The greatest increase in pinch strength was following tendon transfer to adductor pollicis alone.

Conclusions:
Despite the heterogeneous data, if the primary goal is improvement in the appearance of claw deformity, the evidence supports flexor digitorum superficialis lasso transfer. However, if the primary concern is grip strength, the data favor extensor carpi radialis longus four-tail transfer. When pinch strength is functionally limiting, adductorplasty alone is most effective. These data will assist providers in appropriately informing patients of common risks and complications and setting realistic expectations following tendon transfer procedures.
Systematic Analysis of Lysine Succinylation in Vero cells infected with Small Ruminant Morbillivirus
Authors: Meng Xuelian , Zhu Xueliang , Zhang Rui , Zhang Zhidong 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTSmall ruminant morbillivirus (SRMV), formerly named Peste-des-petits ruminants virus (PPRV), belongs to the genus Morbillivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae and causes a highly contagious disease in small ruminants, especially goats and sheep. Lysine succinylation is a newly identified and conserved modification and plays an important role in host cell response to pathogen infection. Here, we present a global analysis of the succinylome of SRMV-infected Vero cell using succinylation specific antibody-based enrichment and dimethylation labeling-based quantitative proteomics. As a result, 2633 succinylation sites derived from 823 cellular proteins were quantified. Comparative analysis revealed that 228 down-regulated succinylation sites on 139 proteins and 44 up-regulated succinylation sites on 38 proteins were significantly modified in response to SRMV infection, seven lysine succinylation motifs were identified. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the succinylated proteins mainly participated in cellular respiration and biosynthetic process. Protein-protein interaction networks of the identified proteins provided further evidence that a variety of ATP synthase subunits and carbon metabolism were modulated by succinylation while the overlapped proteins between succinylation and acetylation are involved in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. Taken together, these findings provide the first report of succinylome in SRMV infection, lysine acetylation may have a more important effect than succinylation in SRMV infection. These findings provide a novel view on investigating the pathogenic mechanism of SRMV.
Integrating the pattern of negative emotion processing and acute stress response with childhood stress among healthy young adults
Authors: Wu Jianhui , Liu Yutong , Zhang Liang , Wang Naiyi , Kohn Nils , Duan Hongxia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildhood abuse might impair corticolimbic brain regions, which play a crucial role in emotion processing and the acute stress response. Yet few has explored the relationship between childhood stress, emotion processing and acute stress reactivity despite the overlapping brain regions of the last two. Here, we examine the relationships between distinct dimensions of childhood adversity (i.e., deprivation and threat) and emotion processing as well as acute stress response. Furthermore, we explore whether emotion processing (particularly threatening information), which might be particularly relevant for adaptive stress responding among individuals with experience of childhood abuse, mediates the relationship between childhood stress and acute stress response.MethodFifty-one young adults completed a free-viewing task to evaluate neural response to negative stimuli measured by late positive potential (LPP) of ERPs (Event-related potentials). In a separate day, heart rate and salivary cortisol were collected during a social-evaluative stress challenge (i.e., TSST, Trier Social Stress Test). After the TSST, childhood trauma questionnaire was measured to indicate the level of abuse (as a proxy of threat) and neglect (as a proxy of deprivation) dimensions.ResultsHigher level of childhood abuse (but not neglect) was distinctly related to smaller LPP amplitudes to negative stimuli, as well as smaller heart rate reactivity to acute stress. For these participants, smaller LPP amplitudes linked with smaller heart rate reactivity to acute stress. Furthermore, decreased LPP amplitudes to negative stimuli mediated the relationship between higher level of childhood abuse and blunted heart rate reactivity to stress.ConclusionsConsistent with the dimensional model of childhood stress, our study showed that childhood abuse is distinctly associated with neural as well as physiological response to threat. Furthermore, the blunted neural response to negative stimuli might be the underlying mechanism in which childhood abuse leads to blunted acute stress response. Considering that all the participants are healthy in the present study, the blunted processing of negative stimuli might rather reflect adaptation instead of vulnerability, in order to prevent stress overshooting in the face of frequent early-life threatening experiences.