bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetic Foot: Clinical Presentations and Management Outcome
Authors: Biswas Suttam Kumar , Roy Shilpi Rani , Sarker Subbrata , Biplob Md Mustafizur Rahman , Delta Md Mustafizur Rahman , Rahman Md Mizanur , Paul Arup Roton , Saha Moloy Kumar 
Published: July 2021

The diabetic foot, the foot of diabetic patients with ulceration, infection and/ or destruction of the deep tissues associated with neurological abnormalities and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease in the lower limb is quite common. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with an objective of assessing the common presentations and management outcome of diabetic foot. The study was carried out in the Surgery Department of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh with a conveniently selected 130 patients of diabetic foot according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study period was one year. Out of 130 cases, the highest number of patients 55(42.4%) were in age group 50 to 59 years with a mean age of 60.1 years and standard deviation (SD) of 9.8 years. Majority of the patients 91(70.0%) were male. Of them, 83(91.2%) were smokers. Of 130, 51(39.2%) patients were illiterate and 41(31.5%) were farmer. Majority 67(51.53%) patients had history of uncontrolled diabetes for 10-15 years. Most of the patients, 97(74.6%) were presented with neuropathic ulcer, whereas 24(18.4%) ischemic ulcers and 9(7.0%) were infective ulcers, and majority of the lesions 49(37.7%) were located on toes. Highest number of patients, 44(33.8%) were treated conservatively, while 37(28.4%) were treated by debridement, dressing and resurfacing, 17(13.1%) were treated by incision and drainage, and 32(24.6%) patients were treated by amputation. Most of the patients, 108(83.1%) were cured, of them, 36(33.3%) were treated conservatively, while 31(28.7%) by debridement and dressing, 17(15.7%) were treated by toe disarticulation, 13(12.0%) by incision and drainage, 4(3.7%) by above knee amputation, 4(3.7%) by ray amputation and 3(2.8%) by below knee amputation. Illiterate male smokers in their 6th and 7th decades of life with uncontrolled diabetes are the victim of diabetic foot. Neuropathy, vasculopathy, infections and trauma are identified risk factors. Conservative treatment, debridement and dressing, off-loading, culture-guided antibiotics therapy and amputations are the most successful modalities.
CBMJ 2017 July: Vol. 06 No. 02 P: 25-31
Influence of different organic manures on growth, yield and mineral nutrient accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Chowdhury Shabnur , Rahman MK 
Published: July 2021

Effects of organic manures on growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and nutrient accumulation in its leaves was examined. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) replicated thrice with ten treatments involving nine organic manures and a control treatment. Growth parameters viz. plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf area, leaf area index and fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem and root were assessed. The highest height (23.69 cm), longest leaf (32.18cm), leaf area (5883.43cm2), leaf area index (6.434), fresh weight (85.41 g) and dry weight (42.73 g) were found in Payel organic manure. The maximum leaf number (27) was recorded in Approshika organic manure. The maximum content of nitrogen (6.12%), phosphorus (1.83%), potassium (4.11%) and Sulphur (1.69%) were observed in Payel organic manure. The best growth performance and nutrient accumulation was observed in Payel organic manure.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 159-168, 2021 (July)
Expression of heat shock protein genes Aaehsp26, Aaehsp83 and Aaehsc70 in response to thermal stress in Aedes aegypti larvae
Authors: Anee Hafisha Khatun , Khandaker Ashfaqul Muid , Begum Rowshan Ara , Md Shahjahan Reza 
Published: July 2021

Climate change is responsible to a certain extent for the occurrence and spread of arboviral pathogens worldwide. Temperature is one of the crucial abiotic factors influencing the physiological processes of mosquitoes. Several genes of heat shock protein (AaeHsp26, AaeHsp83, and AaeHsc70) families are known to be expressed in mosquitoes, which aid in overcoming stress induced by elevated temperature. In this study, the relative expression of heat shock protein genes has been examined using Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR). The temperatures used for heat shock treatment were 27(control), 37, and 42°C for 1 hour heat shock period and applied to 3rd instar larvae. Significant up-regulation has been seen at 37, and 42°C. The highest expression level, about 82.43 fold, was reported for the AaeHsc70 gene at 42°C followed by 78.36 fold for AaeHsp26 at 37°C and 4.79 fold for AaeHsp83 at 42°C. The current study has shown that HSPs are important markers of stress and may function as critical proteins to protect and enhance the survival of Ae. aegypti larvae and pupae. Biological implications of these findings could impact the vector competencies
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 233-241, 2021 (July)
Validation of patient health questionnaire-9 for assessing depression of adults in Bangladesh
Authors: Naher Roufun , Rabby Md Reza A , Sharif Feroz 
Published: July 2021

Depression is one of the most widely recognized and frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated mental health issues around the world. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) has been suggested as the best accessible screening and case-discovering instrument to measure the severity of depression. The investigation aimed to set the reliability and validity of the PHQ-9 for the adults in Bangladesh. A total of 321 Bangladeshi adults (170 males and 151 females) were the study participants. A standard process of three phases was followed to adapt PHQ-9 in Bangladesh. The first phase was forward translation, second phase was Focus Group Discussion and panel of expert's rating and third phase was back translation into original language, piloting and final field data collection. The results showed good reliability of the translated version; the total scale Cronbach’s alpha is 0.837, gender-wise 0.839 for males and 0.841 is for females; similarly, the Spearman-Brown Coefficient is 0.855, and the Guttman Split-half coefficient is 0.848, which indicate the high Split-half reliability as well. The content and construct validity suggest that the Bangla PHQ-9 is a valid tool to assess the depression of Bangladeshi adults. Therefore, the Bangla version of PHQ-9 gives an impression of being a reliable and valid instrument to assess and diagnose depression among Bangladeshi people.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 275-281, 2021 (July)
Soil properties and carbon stock along the toposequence of Lalmai hill ecosystem of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Arafat , Uddin MJ , Sikder Md Raisuddin , Murshed Humyra B , Faysal JA , Ahmad Mohiyuddeen , Mohiuddin ASM 
Published: July 2021

A study was carried out in the Lalmai hill ecosystem of Bangladesh regarding their soil properties and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The Lalmai hill ecosystem consists of three toposequence arrangements as hills, piedmonts, and floodplains. Forty-five soil samples covering nine soil profiles were selected to conduct the present study. Soil samples were collected at five different depths of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm and 80-100 cm intervals from each pit of the study sites. Soil pH, percent SOC, percent total nitrogen (TN), bulk density, cation exchange capacity (CEC), particle size distribution, and SOC storage (kg/m2) dataset indicates that piedmont deposits and floodplain soils are more enriched than the upper hill soils. Regarding SOC storage, the post hoc test indicates that hill soils are significantly different from the other two physiographic units, but there is no significant difference between piedmont deposits and floodplain soils. The soil property varies differently depending on their depth level at different physiographic units. Estimation on SOC stock revealed that 2.01Tg, 21.75Tg, 12.68Tg carbon remains in the hill soils, piedmont soils, and estuarine floodplain soils, respectively. The total SOC stock was estimated at 36.44 Tg in the Lalmai hill ecosystem of Bangladesh, where piedmont deposits contained the highest level of SOC stock. It is assumed that more clay-organic substances are washed in at the foot of piedmont units due to the well-drained nature of upper Pleistocene hill soils. Thus, fine soil textural nature, diverse land and land cover accelerates to sequester more carbon in piedmont zone rather than hill or floodplain zones.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 331-343, 2021 (July)
PENERAPAN METODE DISCOVERY DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS IV SDN ENDE 12 KECAMATAN ENDE UTARA KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Mete Yeni - 
Published: July 2021

Abstract The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the application of the discovery learning model in science subjects with soil types in class V SDI Ende 12 students. Soil types after the inquiry learning model was applied at SDI Ende 12. This study used a classroom action research model (PTK) which consisted of two cycles. Each cycle had one meeting and consisted of several stages, namely the planning stage, the action stage, the observation stage and the reflection stage. The subjects of this study were 27 students of class V SDI Ende 12, Ende Utara District, Ende Regency with details of 15 boys and 12 girls. Data was collected using a science learning outcome test for each cycle. In addition, to determine the activeness of students in teaching and learning activities through the inquiry learning model, teacher and student observation sheets were used during teaching and learning activities. The results of this study indicate that the application of discovery learning methods can improve learning outcomes in class V SDI Ende 12 students. This can be seen from the increased learning outcomes of students from cycles I and II. The average science learning outcomes for Soil Types at the end of cycle I was 65.18 and in cycle II increased to 88.51. Keywords: Discovery learning model, Activities, learning outcomes Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran discovery pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan materi jenis-jenis tanah pada peserta didik kelas V SDI Ende 12. (2) untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar kelas V pada pembelajaran IPA materi jenis-jenis tanah setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran inquiri di SDI Ende 12.Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus.Setiap siklus masing-masing dengan satu kali pertemuan dan terdiri dari beberapa tahap, yakni tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan tindakan, tahapan observasi serta tahap refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas V SDI Ende 12 Kecamatan Ende Utara Kabupaten Ende yang berjumlah 27 orang dengan perincian 15 orang laki-laki dan 12 orang perempuan.Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar IPA untuk tiap siklus. Disamping itu, untuk mengetahui keaktifan peserta didik dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar melalui model pembelajaran inquiri digunakan lembar observasi guru dan peserta didik selama kegiatan belajar mengajar berlangsung.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan metode pembelajaran discovery dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada peserta didik kelas V SDI Ende 12. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari meningkatnya hasil belajar peserta didik dari siklus I dan II. Rata-rata hasil belajar IPA untuk materi Jenis-Jenis Tanah pada akhir siklus I sebesar 65,18 dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 88,51. Kata kunci: model pembelajaran Discovery, Aktivitas, Hasil belajar
Managed entry agreementsas a new legal framework for access to medicines
Authors: Zosymenko Oleksandr 
Published: July 2021

Key words: managed entry agreements, availability of medicines, original medicines,purchase of medicines, medicinal immunobiological drugs
The article concerns the new provisions of national legislativea legal mechanism for access to medicines, namely managed entry agreements. Theuse of managed entry agreements in European contract practice is widespread.Ukraine, in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, has reviewed the legal mechanismsfor access to medicines contained in national legislation and had taken the firststeps towards implementing managed access agreements.Ukrainian legislation did not contain such a concept as a managed entry agreementby March 2020, and such agreement was never used in Ukrainian contract practicefor the purchase of medicines. On March 17, 2020, changes were made to the nationallegislation, namely the Law of Ukraine «On amendments to certain laws ofUkraine aimed at increasing the availability of medicines, medical products and theiraccessories, which are purchased by the person authorized to carry out purchases inthe field of health care» which were amended, in particular, to the Law of Ukraine«Fundamentals of the legislation of Ukraine on health care» and supplemented by article791 of which a managed entry agreement to national legislation was introduced.
The provision of Article 79-1 of the Fundamentals of the legislation of Ukraine onhealth care regarding the parties, subject matter, content of managed entry agreementsis analysed.January 27, 2021, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine adopted a decision approvingthe procedure for the negotiation, execution, modification and termination ofmanaged entry agreement. A standard form of agreement for a managed entry agreementhas been approved. The managed entry agreements procedure has been introducedin Ukraine February 15, 2021.The legal and regulatory provisions concerning managed entry agreements havebeen analysed and highlighted their particularities.
Legal framework for the use of intellectual property in sports activities
Authors: Doroshenko Dmytro 
Published: July 2021

Key words: sports activities, sports activities legal regulation, temporary laws, ambushmarketing, image rights, local rulemaking
The article analyses the legal regulation of the use of intellectualproperty in sports activities. The relevance of the study is justified by the fact that theincome of the global sports industry is increasingly depending on the use of the intellectualproperty by sports organizations.The author notices that adoption of temporary laws aimed at protecting the intellectualproperty rights of sports organizations who organize major sporting events ina country are distinctive features of sports activities. There were two similar laws inthe Ukrainian legislation. Although these laws contained some gaps, this experienceshould become a basis for the introduction of the concept of ambush marketing on aregular basis in the domestic law.Analysis of international agreements in the sporting sphere shows that nowadaysamong the world sports organizations, only intellectual property of InternationalOlympic Committee has an exclusive basis of protection. At the same time, the factthat in general the use and protection of intellectual property is given too little attentionin international agreements in the field of sports gives greater importance tolocal regulations adopted by sports authorities.According to the established practices of foreign sports organizations, professionalrules and contracts between the athlete and the organization contains mutual restrictionsof the use of a number of intellectual property objects constituting the athlete’simage. To date, in Ukrainian practice, only regulations and contracts of several footballorganizations contain the similar provisions, which at the same time have a numberof shortcomings. One of the issues is terminological ambiguity in image rightslegal phenomena, which is still new to Ukrainian practice, and therefore requires theconsistency of definitions between different sports organizations.Thus, although Ukrainian legislation creates the background for domestic sportsorganizations to benefit from their intellectual property, it still requires the adoptionof some new important definitions.
Endoscopic mucosal resection and conventional polypectomy in colon adenomas
Authors: Vaganov Yu. E. , Khomyakov E. A. , Serebry A. B. , Abdulzhalieva E. U. 
Published: July 2021

Aim: to compare the early and long-term results of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and conventional polypectomy for benign epithelial colon neoplasmsPatients and methods: the retrospective study included 344 patients with histologically verified adenomas of the size of up to 40 mm in the colon, who underwent EMR or conventional polypectomy. Mucosectomy (EMR) was performed in 207 patients, while conventional polypectomy was performed in 137.Results: there were no significant differences in the postoperative morbidity rates between the methods (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 0.7–4.8, p = 0.3). Fragmentation significantly more often occurred in the group of conventional polypectomy (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 2.3–5.5, p = 0.001, especially when the size of the neoplasm was over 1 cm (OR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.1–8.9 = 0.037). Recurrence occurred in 19/173 (10.9%) in 12 (8.3%) patients of the EMR group. In the polypectomy group, recurrence developed in 22 (23.1%) patients, in 24/108 (22.2%) cases at the site of the postoperative scar. It was found that the adenoma recurrence in the area of endoscopic excision occurs significantly more often after conventional polypectomy (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.2–4.4; p = 0.016).Conclusion: EMR and conventional polypectomy both are the safe methods with low morbidity rates. However, the EMR is the preferred method of endoscopic excision for adenomas larger than 1 cm due to the fact that it allows for deeper and more complete resection of the tissue than conventional polypectomy.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Clinical and Biological Significances of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diffuse Gliomas
Authors: Huang Ruoyu , Li Guanzhang , Wang Kuanyu , Wang Zhiliang , Zeng Fan , Hu Huimin , Jiang Tao 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAs a critical organelle for protein and lipid synthesis, the dysfunction of endoplasmic reticulum has a significant impact on multiple biological processes of cells. Thus, in this study, we constructed an ER stress-related risk signature to investigate the functional roles of ER stress in gliomas.MethodsA total of 626 samples from TCGA RNA-seq dataset (training cohort) and 310 samples from CGGA RNA-seq dataset (validation cohort) were enrolled in this study. Clinical information and genomic profiles were also obtained. The ER stress signature was developed by the LASSO regression model. The prognostic value of the risk signature was evaluated by Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier and ROC Curve analyses. Bioinformatics analysis and experiment in vitro were performed to explore the biological implication of this signature.ResultsWe found that the ER stress-related signature was tightly associated with major clinicopathological features and genomic alterations of gliomas. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression analysis indicated that ER stress activation was an independent prognostic factor for patients with glioma. Besides, we also constructed an individualized prognosis prediction model through Nomogram and ROC Curve analysis. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that ER stress activation also promoted the malignant progression of glioma and participated in the regulation of tumor immune microenvironment, especially the infiltration of macrophages in M2 phase. These results were further validated in IHC analysis and cell biology experiments.ConclusionThe ER stress activation had a high prognostic value and could serve as a promising target for developing individualized treatment of glioma.
Case Report: A Challenging Localization of a Pulmonary Ectopic ACTH-Secreting Tumor in a Patient With Severe Cushing’s Syndrome
Authors: Serban Andreea Liliana , Rosso Lorenzo , Mendogni Paolo , Cremaschi Arianna , Indirli Rita , Mantovani Beatrice , Rumi Mariagrazia , Castellani Massimo , Chiti Arturo , Croci Giorgio Alberto , Mantovani Giovanna , Nosotti Mario , Ferrante Emanuele , Arosio Maura 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundEctopic adrenocorticotropic syndrome (EAS) is a rare cause of endogenous ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome, usually associated with severe hypercortisolism as well as comorbidities. Tumor detection is still a challenge and often requires several imaging procedures. In this report, we describe a case of an ectopic ACTH secretion with a misleading localization of the responsible tumor due to a concomitant rectal carcinoma.Case presentationA 49-year-old man was referred to our Endocrinology Unit due to suspicion of Cushing’s syndrome. His medical history included metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma, diagnosed 5 years ago and treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical resection. During follow-up, a thoracic computed tomography scan revealed two pulmonary nodules located in the superior and middle lobes of the right lung with a diameter of 5 and 10 mm, respectively. However, these nodules remained radiologically stable thereafter and were not considered relevant. All biochemical tests were suggestive of EAS (basal ACTH levels: 88.2 ng/L, nv 0–46; basal cortisol levels: 44.2 µg/dl, nv 4.8–19.5; negative response to CRH test and high dose dexamethasone suppression test) and radiological localization of the ectopic ACTH-secreting tumor was scheduled. The CT scan revealed a dimensional increase of the right superior lung nodule (from 5 to 12 mm). [68Ga]-DOTA-TOC PET/CT scan was negative, while [18F]-FDG-PET/CT showed a tracer accumulation in the superior nodule. After a multidisciplinary consultation, the patient underwent thoracic surgery that started with two atypical wedge resections of nodules. Frozen section analyses showed a neuroendocrine tumor on the right middle lobe nodule and a metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma on the superior lesion. Then, a right superior nodulectomy and a right middle lobectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy were performed. The final histopathological examination confirmed a typical carcinoid tumor, strongly positive for ACTH. A post-surgical follow-up showed a persistent remission of Cushing’s syndrome.ConclusionsThe present report describes a case of severe hypercortisolism due to EAS not detected by functional imaging methods, in which the localization of ACTH ectopic origin was puzzled by a concomitant metastatic rectal carcinoma. The multidisciplinary approach was crucial for the management of this rare disease.