bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in women diagnosed with endometrial or breast cancer
Authors: Madut Ayey , Fuchsova Veronika , Man Hong , Askar Shabeel , Trivedi Ritu , Elder Elisabeth , Clarke Christine L. , Wain Gerard , Brand Alison , DeFazio Anna , Amis Terence , Kairaitis Kristina 
Published: April 2021

Background
Epidemiological studies demonstrate associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this study was to measure OSA in women with breast (BC) or endometrial cancer (EC) and associations with clinico-pathological tumor variables.

Methods and findings
In a cross sectional study, women with BC (12 months) or EC (3 months) post-diagnosis were recruited from cancer clinics. We collected demographic, anthropometric data, cancer stage, grade, histopathology and history of cancer treatment and all subjects had in-laboratory polysomnography. Sleepiness was assessed with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). We compared anthropometric and polysomnographic data between cancer groups (unpaired t-tests), and assessed relationships between cancer characteristics and OSA variables (Fishers exact test). There were no significant differences between average age (BC:59.6±8.7 years(n = 50); EC:60.3±7.7 years(n = 37)), or ESS score (BC:6.4±4.4; EC 6.8±4.7; mean±SD; all p>0.2), however, BMI was higher in EC (BC: 29.7±7.9kgm-2; EC: 34.2±8.0 kgm-2; p<0.05). BC had longer sleep latency (BC:31.8±32minutes; EC:19.3±17.9 minutes), less Stage 3 sleep (BC:20.0±5.2%; EC:23.6±8.2%) and more REM sleep (BC:21.1±6.9%; EC: 16.6±5.7%), all p<0.05. EC had lower average awake and asleep oxygen saturation levels (BC: 95.6±1.3%; EC: 94.6±1.9% [awake]: BC: 94.8±2.1%; EC: 93.3±2.4% [asleep]; both p<0.05). Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) (BC: 21.2(7.3–36.9) events/hr; EC: 15.7 (10–33.5) events/hour (median (interquartile range)) was not different p = 0.7), however, 58% and 57% of women with BC and EC respectively, had an AHI>15 events/hour. In this small sample size group, no significant associations (all p>0.1) were detected between OSA metrics and clinico-pathological tumor variables.

Conclusion
In postmenopausal women with breast or endometrial cancer there is high prevalence of OSA, with no association with specific tumor characteristics detected. Recognition of the high prevalence of OSA in women with cancer is important to recognise as it may impact on surgical risk and quality of life.
Prevalence and predictors of obesity-related cancers among racial/ethnic groups with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Monestime Shanada , Beech Bettina , Kermah Dulcie , Norris Keith 
Published: April 2021

Background
Obesity-related cancer (ORC) is associated with higher amounts of body fat, which could increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). A significant factor associated with CVD is metabolic syndrome (MetS), and MetS prevalence differs by race/ethnicity. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence and predictors of ORCs by race/ethnicity among adults (>18) with MetS.

Methods
This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study using data from the 1999–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A chi-square test was performed to determine differences in ORC prevalence between non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic participants with MetS. A multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors (race, sex, income, insurance, education, marital status, and smoking status) of ORC among adults with MetS.

Results
Of the 1,554 adults, the prevalence of ORC was 30.6% among NHWs, 51.3% in NHBs, and 54.1% in Hispanics (p = <0.001). Females were 6.27 times more likely to have an ORC compared to males (95% CI = 4.95–14.11). Compared to NHWs, NHBs were 2.1 times more likely to have an ORC (95% CI = 1.40–3.38); and Hispanics were 2.5 times more likely (95% CI = 1.39–4.77). For every 1-year unit increase in age, the odds of ORC increased by 3% (95% CI = 1.00–1.05).

Conclusions
Among NHANES participants with MetS, the prevalence of ORCs was significantly higher in NHBs and Hispanics, females, and older adults with MetS. Future studies, by race/ethnicity, are warranted on mortality risk of persons with MetS and ORC.
Association of ABO blood groups with presentation and outcomes of confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection: A prospective study in the largest COVID-19 dedicated hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud Reaz , Rassel Mohammad Aftab , Monayem Farhana Binte , Sayeed S. K. Jakaria Been , Islam Md Shahidul , Islam Mohammed Monirul , Yusuf Mohammad Abdullah , Rahman Sabrina , Islam K. M. Nazmul , Mahmud Imran , Hossain Mohammad Zaid , Chowdhury Ahmed Hossain , Kabir A. K. M. Humayon , Ahmed Kazi Gias Uddin , Rahman Md. Mujibur 
Published: April 2021

Background
Globally, studies have shown conflicting results regarding the association of blood groups with SARS CoV-2 infection.

Objective
To observe the association between ABO blood groups and the presentation and outcomes of confirmed COVID-19 cases.

Design, setting, and participants
This was a prospective cohort study of patients with mild-to-moderately severe COVID-19 infections who presented in the COVID-19 unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and were enrolled between 01 June and 25 August, 2020. Patients were followed up for at least 30 days after disease onset. We grouped participants with A-positive and A-negative blood groups into group I and participants with other blood groups into group II.

Results
The cohort included 438 patients; 52 patients were lost to follow-up, five died, and 381 completed the study. The prevalence of blood group A [144 (32.9%)] was significantly higher among COVID-19 patients than in the general population (p < 0.001). The presenting age [mean (SD)] of group I [42.1 (14.5)] was higher than that of group II [38.8 (12.4), p = 0.014]. Sex (p = 0.23) and co-morbidity (hypertension, p = 0.34; diabetes, p = 0.13) did not differ between the patients in groups I and II. No differences were observed regarding important presenting symptoms, including fever (p = 0.72), cough (p = 0.69), and respiratory distress (p = 0.09). There was no significant difference in the median duration of symptoms in the two group (12 days), and conversion to the next level of severity was observed in 26 (20.6%) and 36 patients (13.8%) in group I and II, respectively. However, persistent positivity of RT-PCR at 14 days of initial positivity was more frequent among the patients in group I [24 (19%)] than among those in group II [29 (11.1%)].

Conclusions
The prevalence of blood group A was higher among COVID-19 patients. Although ABO blood groups were not associated with the presentation or recovery period of COVID-19, patients with blood group A had delayed seroconversion.
Outcomes in asymptomatic, severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Kvaslerud Anette Borger , Santic Kenan , Hussain Amjad Iqbal , Auensen Andreas , Fiane Arnt , Skulstad Helge , Aaberge Lars , Gullestad Lars , Broch Kaspar 
Published: April 2021

Background and aim of the study
Patients with asymptomatic, severe aortic stenosis are presumed to have a benign prognosis. In this retrospective cohort study, we examined the natural history of contemporary patients advised against aortic valve replacement due to a perceived lack of symptoms.

Materials and methods
We reviewed the medical records of every patient given the ICD-10-code for aortic stenosis (I35.0) at Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, between Dec 1st, 2002 and Dec 31st, 2016. Patients who were evaluated by the heart team due to severe aortic stenosis were categorized by treatment strategy. We recorded baseline data, adverse events and survival for the patients characterized as asymptomatic and for 100 age and gender matched patients scheduled for aortic valve replacement.

Results
Of 2341 patients who were evaluated for aortic valve replacement due to severe aortic stenosis, 114 patients received conservative treatment due to a lack of symptoms. Asymptomatic patients had higher mortality than patients who had aortic valve replacement, log-rank p<0.001 (mean follow-up time: 4.0 (SD: 2.5) years). Survival at 1, 2 and 3 years for the asymptomatic patients was 88%, 75% and 63%, compared with 92%, 83% and 78% in the matched patients scheduled for aortic valve replacement. 28 (25%) of the asymptomatic patients had aortic valve replacement during follow-up. Age, previous history of coronary artery disease and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were predictors of mortality and coronary artery disease and NT-proBNP were predictors of 3-year morbidity in asymptomatic patients.

Conclusions
In this retrospective study, asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis who were advised against surgery had significantly higher mortality than patients who had aortic valve replacement.
The influence of the native lung on early outcomes and survival after single lung transplantation
Authors: Gonzalez Francisco Javier , Alvarez Enriqueta , Moreno Paula , Poveda David , Ruiz Eloisa , Fernandez Alba Maria , Salvatierra Angel , Alvarez Antonio 
Published: April 2021

Objective
To determine whether problems arising in the native lung may influence the short-term outcomes and survival after single lung transplantation (SLT), and therefore should be taken into consideration when selecting the transplant procedure.

Patients and methods
Retrospective review of 258 lung transplants performed between June 2012 and June 2019. Among them, 161 SLT were selected for the analysis. Complications in the native lung were recorded and distributed into two groups: early and late complications (within 30 days or after 30 days post-transplant). Donor and recipient preoperative factors, 30-day mortality and survival were analysed and compared between groups by univariable and multivariable analyses, and adjusting for transplant indication.

Results
There were 161 patients (126M/35F; 57±7 years) transplanted for emphysema (COPD) (n = 72), pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 77), or other indications (n = 12). Forty-nine patients (30%) presented complications in the native lung. Thirty-day mortality did not differ between patients with or without early complications (6% vs. 12% respectively; p = 0.56). Twelve patients died due to a native lung complication (7.4% of patients; 24% of all deaths). Survival (1,3,5 years) without vs. with late complications: COPD (89%, 86%, 80% vs. 86%, 71%, 51%; p = 0.04); IPF (83%, 77%, 72% vs. 93%, 68%, 58%; p = 0.65). Among 30-day survivors: COPD (94%, 91%, 84% vs. 86%, 71%, 51%; p = 0.01); IPF (93%, 86%, 81% vs. 93%, 68%, 58%; p = 0.19). Native lung complications were associated to longer ICU stay (10±17 vs. 33±96 days; p<0.001), longer postoperative intubation (41±85 vs. 99±318 hours; p = 0.006), and longer hospital stay (30±24 vs. 45±34 days; p = 0.03). The presence of late native lung problems predicted survival in COPD patients (OR: 2.55; p = 0.07).

Conclusion
The native lung is a source of morbidity in the short-term and mortality in the long-term after lung transplantation. This should be taken into consideration when choosing the transplant procedure, especially in COPD patients.
Significance of various risk factors for proximal junctional kyphosis and instability of instrumentation in surgical treatment for adult spinal deformities
Authors: Basankin I. V. , Ptashnikov D. A. , Masevnin S. V. , Afaunov A. A. , Giulzatyan A. A. , Takhmazyan K. K. 
Published: April 2021

Objective. To analyze the significance of the influence of various risk factors on the development of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and instability of instrumentation.Material and Methods. The results of surgical treatment of 382 patients with scoliotic deformities of the lumbar spine of type I and IIIb according to Aebi were analyzed. Patients were operated on through the posterior approach using the TLIF-PLIF technique with extended rigid transpedicular instrumentation. Potential risk factors influencing the development of proximal junctional kyphosis and instability of instrumentation were analyzed.Results. It was found that only three risk factors significantly affect the development of PJK: correction of lumbar lordosis more than 30° (p = 0.036) increases the likelihood of its development by 1.5 times, osteoporosis (p = 0.001) – by 2.5 times, and proximal junctionalangle ≥10° (p = 0.001) – by 3.5 times. Three factors showed a statistically significant effect on the incidence of instrumentation instability: correction of lumbar lordosis more than 30° (p = 0.034) increases the likelihood of its occurrence by 1.7 times, osteoporosis (p = 0.018) – by 1.8 times, and deviation of the sagittal vertical axis by more than 50 mm (p = 0.001) – by 3.3 times.Conclusion. The most significant risk factors for the occurrence of PJK and instability of instrumentation are osteoporosis, correction of lumbar lordosis more than 30°, an increase in the proximal junctional angle ≥10°, and an anterior deviation of sagittal vertical axis more than 50 mm. Consideration of these factors in the preoperative period, as well as during surgery, can decrease likelihood of the occurrence of PJK and instability of instrumentation.
Co-expression of drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) in human liver: racial differences and the regulatory role of ESR1
Authors: Collins Joseph M. , Wang Danxin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The function and expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) drug metabolizing enzymes is highly variable, greatly affecting drug exposure, and therapeutic outcomes. The expression of these enzymes is known to be controlled by many transcription factors (TFs), including ligand-free estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1, in the absence of estrogen). However, the relationship between the expression of ESR1, other TFs, and CYP enzymes in human liver is still unclear.

Methods
Using real-time PCR, we quantified the mRNA levels of 12 CYP enzymes and nine TFs in 246 human liver samples from European American (EA, n = 133) and African American (AA, n = 113) donors.

Results
Our results showed higher expression levels of ESR1 and six CYP enzymes in EA than in AA. Partial least square regression analysis showed that ESR1 is the top-ranking TF associating with the expression of eight CYP enzymes, six of which showed racial difference in expression. Conversely, four CYP enzymes without racial difference in expression did not have ESR1 as a top-ranking TF. These results indicate that ESR1 may contribute to variation in CYP enzyme expression between these two ancestral backgrounds.

Conclusions
These results are consistent with our previous study showing ESR1 as a master regulator for the expression of several CYP enzymes. Therefore, factors affecting ESR1 expression may have broad influence on drug metabolism through altered expression of CYP enzymes.
On finite groups with prescribed two-generator subgroups and integral Cayley graphs
Authors: Feng Yan-Quan , Kovács István 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we characterize the finite groups 𝐺 of even order with the property that, for any involution 𝑥 and element 𝑦 of 𝐺,

⟨
x
,
y
⟩

\langle x,y\rangle

is isomorphic to one of the following groups:

Z
2

\mathbb{Z}_{2}

,

Z
2
2

\mathbb{Z}_{2}^{2}

,

Z
4

\mathbb{Z}_{4}

,

Z
6

\mathbb{Z}_{6}

,

Z
2

×

Z
4

\mathbb{Z}_{2}\times\mathbb{Z}_{4}

,

Z
2

×

Z
6

\mathbb{Z}_{2}\times\mathbb{Z}_{6}

and

A
4

A_{4}

.
As a result, a characterization will be obtained for the finite groups all of whose Cayley graphs of degree 3 have integral spectrum.
Body fat distribution in trunk and legs are associated with cardiometabolic risk clustering among Chinese adolescents aged 10–18 years old
Authors: Yang Qingmei , Ma Ping , Zhang Hao , Cai Rongrong , Dong Yangyang , Ding Wenqing 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of body fat distribution with cardiometabolic risk factors clustering among Chinese adolescents.

Methods
In this cross sectional study a total of 1,175 adolescents aged 10–18 years underwent a comprehensive assessment of cardimetabolic risk factors. Body fat analysis was performed with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Results
Individuals with the CVRFs≥1 or CVRFs≥2 had higher indices of body fat distribution such as body fat mass (BFM) compared to those with normal CVRFs (all p<0.001). The prevalence of CVRFs≥1, CVRFs≥2 increased with increasing of the quartile of BFM, TBFM, ABFM, LBFM, PBF, VFL compared to normal subjects. After adjusted for age and sex, the study indicated an linear relationship between TBFM (β = 0.693, 95% CI:0.363, 1.023), LBFM (β = −1.471, 95% CI:−2.768, −0.175) and CVRFs z-score. Logistic regression models suggested TBFM was associated with CVRFs≥1 and CVRFs≥2 by higher odds. Lower odds of LBFM was associated with CVRFs≥2.

Conclusions
The contribution of the fat mass in specific region on the cardiovascular risk factors clustering is different among adolescents. The trunk fat is associated with higher clustered cardiometabolic risk, while leg fat mass is the protective factor.
Newborn screening and molecular features of patients with multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in Quanzhou, China
Authors: Lin Yiming , Zhang Weifeng , Chen Zhixu , Lin Chunmei , Lin Weihua , Fu Qingliu , Peng Weilin , Chen Dongmei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid, amino acid and choline metabolism. Late-onset MADD is caused by ETFDH mutations and is the most common lipid storage myopathy in China. However, few patients with MADD have been identified through newborn screening (NBS). This study assessed the acylcarnitine profiles and molecular features of patients with MADD identified through NBS.

Methods
From January 2014 to June 2020, 479,786 newborns screened via tandem mass spectrometry were recruited for this study. Newborns with elevated levels of multiple acylcarnitines were recalled, those who tested positive in the reassessment were referred for genetic analysis.

Results
Of 479,786 newborns screened, six were diagnosed with MADD. The MADD incidence in the Chinese population was estimated to be 1:79,964. Initial NBS revealed five patients with typical elevations in the levels of multiple acylcarnitines; however, in one patient, acylcarnitine levels were in the normal reference range during recall. Notably, one patient only exhibited a mildly increased isovalerylcarnitine (C5) level at NBS. The patient with an atypical acylcarnitine profile was diagnosed with MADD by targeted gene sequencing. Six distinct ETFDH missense variants were identified, with the most common variant being c.250G>A (p.A84T), with an allelic frequency of 58.35 (7/12).

Conclusions
These findings revealed that it is easy for patients with MADD to go unidentified, as they may have atypical acylcarnitine profiles at NBS and the recall stage, indicating the value of genetic analysis for confirming suspected inherited metabolic disorders in the NBS program. Therefore, false-negative (FN) results may be reduced by combining tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with genetic testing in NBS for MADD.
Comparison between terrestrial mammals in evergreen forests and in seasonal dry forests in Western Ecuador: should efforts be focused on dry forests?
Authors: Solórzano Carlos B. , Intriago-Alcívar Luis , Guerrero-Casado José 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Coast Region of Ecuador has been dramatically deforested, and most of the remaining natural vegetation is formed of fragmented patches, in which there is little knowledge of wild mammal populations. The objective of this study was to assess the presence and detection rate (DR) of medium and large-size mammals by using camera-traps in fragmented forests located outside the protected areas comparing the two main types of forest: seasonal dry and evergreen. We registered 18 different species, of which four had greater DRs in dry forests (Lycalopex sechurae, Odocoileus peruvianus, Simosciurus stramineus and Sylvilagus daulensis), four were more detected in evergreen forests (Cuniculus paca, Dasyprocta punctata, Dasypus novemcinctus and Procyon cancrivorus), and the remaining 10 species had no significant habitat preference. The mean species richness was similar in both ecosystems, but the number of detections was greater in the evergreen forests. Finally, two of the region’s four threatened species had higher DRs in dry forests. These results suggest that it is necessary to conserve both types of ecosystems to ensure the conservation of all mammals’ species. However, since dry forests are less protected and their threatened fauna suggests that conservation efforts should be particularly focused on them.
Jüdisches Leben in Deutschland als Anfrage an die innerchristliche Ökumene
Authors: Pangritz Andreas 
Published: April 2021

Zusamenfassung
Aus Anlass des Jubiläums „1700 Jahre jüdisches Leben in Deutschland“ wird erörtert, wie die „eine tatsächlich große ökumenische Frage“ (K. Barth), nämlich die Beziehungen des Christentums zum Judentum, beantwortet werden kann. Gebraucht wird ein neues Konzept von Ökumene, das über H. Meyers „Einheit in versöhnter Verschiedenheit“ hinausgeht: „Versöhnte Verschiedenheit in dialogischer Differenz“, eine dialogische Weggemeinschaft unter Anerkennung bleibender Verschiedenheit.
Uncovering a Relationship between Leadership Behaviour and Employees’ Workaholism: A Systematic Review
Authors: Morkevičiūtė Modesta , Endriulaitienė Auksė 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Some of the authors proposed that organisational factors play an important role in the context of employees’ workaholism. Therefore, the principal purpose of the paper is to systematically review the scientific literature on the relationship between leadership behaviours and employees’ workaholism.
The Assessment of Commitment in the Cooperative Organization in Nigeria
Authors: Sofoluwe Nurudeen Afolabi , Ogunola Abiodun Adekunle , Hassan Ally Banjo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Limited studies exist on the commitment of members to cooperative business organizations. This study assesses commitment in the cooperative organization and determines its relationship with members’ individual characteristics. Primary data collected covers information on affective, continuance and normative commitment of cooperative members, in addition to demographic characteristics. Analysis of the data shows that cooperative members are indifferent to affective, continuance and normative measures of commitment in cooperative organizations. Gender characteristics, level of education and years of membership are critical to obtaining commitment in cooperative organizations. Cooperative organizations are encouraged to consider the personal characteristics of members in a drive to elicit the desired level of commitment.
Continuity or Change? Leaders’ Values in the Baltic Countries over Time
Authors: Stelmokienė Aurelija , Kravčenko Karina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Both scientists and practitioners acknowledge leadership as a key predictor of success in organizations. Leaders’ values could be a significant criterion for the analysis of changes in leadership recently. This study aims to investigate changes in leaders’ values over time among Baltic countries. The results of the European Social Survey (ESS) showed that leaders’ values did not significantly change over time (from 2008 to 2016). However, the expression of values significantly differed between leaders of different countries.