bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation for Femtosecond LASIK–Associated Dry Eye
Authors: Lin Ying , Su Huanjun , Wu Jianbin , Yuan Muzhi , Zhang Yong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To assess the effect of oral vitamin D3 supplementation in dry eye after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).Setting: Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital.Design: This prospective study included 90 patients selected between January and December in 2019, who underwent fs-lasik operation in our hospital and had obvious symptoms indicating dry eyes one month after operation. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 45) received vitamin D3 2000 IU / D continuously for 12 weeks; the control group (n = 45) did not take vitamin D3 orally. Ocular surface disease index（OSDI）, tear breakup time（TBUT）and Schirmer’s Test I were evaluated pre-medication and 1,3,6 months after treatment. Serum vitamin D level, and the mean concentration of cytokine IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 in tears were also measured. Results: One month after treatment, the mean OSDI score of the experimental group (11.67 ± 8.53) was significantly lower than that of the control group (23.82 ± 13.22) (P = 0.007). TBUT (10.71±1.02s) and Schirmer I (9.36±0.40mm) of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (7.49±1.29 s and 7.51±0.44 mm). The OSDI (10.25 ± 5.49), TBUT (10.75±1.09 seconds) and Schirmer I test value (11.34±0.39 mm) of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (20.22±6.23, 8.36±1.23， 8.12±0.50) at 3 months after treatment. There were significant differences in OSDI, TBUT (P ＜ 0.05) and Schirmer I test value between the two groups at 6 months after treatment. Serum vitamin D3 level was negatively correlated with OSDI score (r=-0.90；P=0.00), and positively correlated with Schirmer I test (r=0.88；P=0.00), TBUT score (r=0.89；P=0.00) and TMH (r=0.80；P=0.00). IL-17 level was shown to be significantly correlated with TBUT (r=-0.25, P=0.014) and Schirmer I test (r=-0.21, P=0.018). IL-6 level was significantly correlated with OSDI (R=0.18, P = 0.020) and TBUT (R=0.20, P = 0.019).
Special Issue: Breeding Towards Agricultural Sustainability - Invited
Authors: Badaeva Ekaterina D , Konovalov Fedor A. , KWS Helmut , Friscano Agostino , Ruban Alevtina S. , Kehel Zakaria , Zoshchuk Svyatoslav A. , Surzhikov Sergei A. , Neumann Kerstin , Graner Andreas , Hammer Karl , Filatenko Anna , BSchoologaard Amy , Jones Glynis , Özkan Hakan , Kilian Benjamin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Wheat yields are stagnating around the world and new sources of genes for resistance or tolerances to abiotic traits are required. In this context, the tetraploid wheat wild relatives are among the key candidates for wheat improvement. Despite of its potential huge value for wheat breeding, the tetraploid GGAtAt genepool is largely neglected. Understanding the population structure, native distribution range, intraspecific variation of the entire tetraploid GGAtAt genepool and its domestication history would further its use for wheat improvement. We report the first comprehensive survey of genomic and cytogenetic diversity sampling the full breadth and depth of the tetraploid GGAtAt genepool. We show that the extant GGAtAt genepool consists of three distinct lineages. We provide detailed insights into the cytogenetic composition of GGAtAt wheats, revealed group-, and population-specific markers and show that chromosomal rearrangements play an important role in intraspecific diversity of T. araraticum. We discuss the origin and domestication history of the GGAtAt lineages in the context of state-of-the-art archaeobotanical finds. We shed new light on the complex evolutionary history of the GGAtAt wheat genepool. We provide the basis for an increased use of the GGAtAt wheat genepool for wheat improvement. The findings have implications for our understanding of the origins of agriculture in southwest Asia.
The Three-Dimensional Characteristic of Fungiform Papillae and its Taste Buds in European Bison (Bison Bonasus), Cattle (Bos Taurus), and Bison Bonasus Hybrid
Authors: Plewa Barbara , Skieresz-Szewczyk Kinga , Jackowiak Hanna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Our recent macro- and scanning electron microscopic study of tongue and lingual papillae conducted on domesticated cattle, wild living European bison, and its Bison bonasus hybrid revealed the presence of morphologic differences between parental species and the hybrid. Analysis of gustatory papillae indicated the variable distribution of fungiform papillae (Fu) on the dorsal and ventral surface of the apex and body of the tongue to be important in taste perception during feeding and in the discussion concerning differentiated diet and living environments of studied ruminants. To specify detailed macro-and microstructure of Fu papillae, and its connective tissue cores (CTC) and taste buds, we have chosen for the first time the three-dimensional computer-aided analysis of serial histoslides resulted in the rendering of 3D reconstructions of Fu papillae, which allowed also determine the histomorphometric characteristic of studied papillae. Results and conclusions:For comparative analysis of 3D models of Fu papillae and taste buds were taken from six areas of each tongue provided data about the diversity of Fu papillae in studied ruminants. The calculations of the number and density of Fu papillae of the tongues allowed us to distinguish the ventral surface of the lingual apex and posterolateral surfaces of the lingual torus as two regions important in taste perception, i.e., in the preselection of taken food and analysis of food during rumination, respectively. For the first time were indicated differences in grade of protrusion of Fu papillae over the tongue surface, the presence of three structural types of CTC, and the exact number of taste buds per papilla. The quantitative data of the number of taste buds expanded the knowledge about regional differences of the taste system. Moreover, 3D imaging resulted in the first description of variable patterns of distribution of taste buds over the surface of each Fu papillae. The comparison of obtained results determined new species-specific features in examined hybridand its similarities of some features with cattle, i.e., maternal species. The 3D reconstruction method proved to be an innovative and efficient tool in evaluating microstructures of Fu papillae, and it could be a suitable tool for further studies of gustatory papillae and taste buds in mammals.
Deep Learning-based Histopathological Segmentation for Whole Slide Images of Colorectal Cancer in a Compressed Domain
Authors: Kim Hyeongsub , Yoon Hongjoon , Thakur Nishant , Hwang Gyoyeon , Lee Eun Jung , Kim Chulhong , Chong Yosep 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Automatic pattern recognition using deep learning techniques has become increasingly important. Unfortunately, due to limited system memory, general preprocessing methods for high-resolution images in the spatial domain can lose important data information such as high-frequency information and the region of interest. To overcome these limitations, we propose an image segmentation approach in the compressed domain based on principal component analysis (PCA) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). After inference for each tile using neural networks, a whole prediction image was reconstructed by wavelet weighted ensemble (WWE) based on inverse discrete wavelet transform (IDWT). The training and validation were performed using 351 colorectal biopsy specimens, which were pathologically confirmed by two pathologists. For 39 test datasets, the average Dice score was 0.852 ± 0.086 and the pixel accuracy was 0.962 ± 0.027. We can train the networks for the high-resolution image (magnification x20) compared to the result in the spatial domain (magnification x10) in same the region of interest (6.25 × 10^2 um^2). The average Dice score and pixel accuracy are significantly increased by 6.4 % and 1.6 %, respectively. We believe that our approach has great potential for accurate diagnosis in pathology.
A Customised Target Capture Sequencing Tool for Molecular Identification of Aloe Vera and Relatives
Authors: Woudstra Yannick , Viruel Juan , Fritzsche Martin , Bleazard Thomas , Mate Ryan , Howard Caroline , Rønsted Nina , Grace Olwen M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Plant molecular identification studies have, until recently, been limited to the use of highly conserved markers from plastid and other organellar genomes, compromising resolution in highly diverse plant clades. Due to their higher evolutionary rates and reduced paralogy, low-copy nuclear genes overcome this limitation but are difficult to sequence with conventional methods and require high-quality input DNA. Aloe vera and its relatives (Asphodelaceae, subfamily Alooideae) are of economic interest for food and health products and have horticultural value. However, pressing conservation issues are increasing the need for a molecular identification tool to regulate the trade. With >600 species and an origin of ±15 million years ago, this predominantly African succulent plant clade is a diverse and taxonomically complex group for which low-copy nuclear genes would be desirable for accurate species discrimination. Unfortunately, with an average genome size of 16.76 pg, obtaining high coverage sequencing data for these genes would be prohibitively costly and computationally demanding. We used newly generated transcriptome data to design a customised RNA-bait panel targeting 189 low-copy nuclear genes in Alooideae. We demonstrate its efficacy in obtaining high-coverage sequence data for the target loci on Illumina sequencing platforms, including degraded DNA samples from museum specimens, with considerably improved phylogenetic resolution. This customised target capture sequencing protocol has the potential to confidently indicate phylogenetic relationships of Aloe vera and related species, as well as aid molecular identification applications.
Healthcare providers’ discussions regarding transportation and driving with autistic and non-autistic patients: A brief report
Authors: Sartin Emma , Myers Rachel K. , Labows Christina G. , Metzger Kristina B. , Carey Meghan E. , Yerys Benjamin E. , McDonald Catherine C. , Mollen Cynthia J. , Curry Allison E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: To characterize healthcare and behavioral service providers’ transportation-related discussions with their autistic and non-autistic patients.Method: Seventy-eight providers completed a cross-sectional survey assessing their transportation discussions with patients. We used Mann-Whitney U tests and chi-square tests to compare differences in provider reports by patient diagnosis.Results: Compared with one in two providers who reported they discuss transportation with non-autistic patients, only one in five have these conversations with their autistic patients. Few (8%) providers felt prepared to assess driving readiness in autistic patients, yet only a quarter refer patients elsewhere.Conclusion: There is a critical need to develop resources for use in medical settings to effectively support autistic adolescents’ independence and mobility as they transition into adulthood.
Efficacy of Combination Colonoscopy Using Modified Cap-assisted and Water-exchange Colonoscopy with Prone Position in the Detection of Colorectal Adenomas: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ko Jihwan , Kim Hyung Wook , Ko Byung Gu , Han Seong Ho 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The efficacy of cap-assisted and water-exchange colonoscopy for adenoma detection, individually or in combination, is well documented but the efficacy of the combination colonoscopy using the above methods with prone position for adenoma detection is unclear. We compared the effectiveness of the combination colonoscopy using modified cap-assisted and water-exchange colonoscopy with prone position (CWP) and conventional colonoscopy (CC) for adenoma detection.Methods: A total of 746 patients who underwent either CWP or CC, performed by two board-certified gastroenterologists between December 2019 and March 2020, were investigated retrospectively. Cap-assisted colonoscopy was modified using hooking and dragging maneuver. We evaluated the polyp detection rate (PDR), adenoma detection rate (ADR), and mean number of adenomas detected per procedure (MAP). Results: There was no significant difference in sex, age, the indication of colonoscopy and quality of bowel preparation between the two groups. The PDR, ADR, and proximal MAP were significantly higher in the CWP group than the CC group (PDR: 84.9% vs. 59.8%, P < 0.001; ADR: 70.1%, vs. 49.2%, P < 0.001; proximal MAP: 1.24 vs. 0.55, P < 0.001). Amongst males, total and proximal MAP were significantly higher in the CWP group than the CC group, respectively (2.28 ± 2.24 vs. 1.49 ± 1.92, P < 0.001; 1.73 ± 1.98 vs. 0.74 ± 1.21, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Combination colonoscopy is more effective than conventional colonoscopy for the PDR, ADR, and proximal MAP. Further studies assessing the synergistic or complementary effects of the combination are needed.
A Five Autophagy-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Prognostic Model for Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Boxuan , Zhao Yun , Yang Shuanying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma is the most occurred pathological type among non-small cell lung cancer. Although huge progress has been made in terms of early diagnosis, precision treatment in recent years, the overall 5-year survival rate of a patient remains low. In our study, we try to construct an autophagy-related lncRNA prognostic signature that may guide clinical practice.Methods: The mRNA and lncRNA expression matrix of lung adenocarcinoma patients were retrieved from TCGA database. Next, we constructed a co-expression network of lncRNAs and autophagy-related genes. Lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression were then applied to establish a prognostic risk model. Subsequently, a risk score was generated to differentiate high and low risk group and a ROC curve and Nomogram to visualize the predictive ability of current signature. Finally, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were executed via GSEA.Results: A total of 1,703 autophagy-related lncRNAs were screened and five autophagy-related lncRNAs (LINC01137, AL691432.2, LINC01116, AL606489.1 and HLA-DQB1-AS1) were finally included in our signature. Judging from univariate(HR=1.075, 95% CI: 1.046–1.104) and multivariate(HR =1.088, 95%CI = 1.057 − 1.120) Cox regression analysis, the risk score is an independent factor for LUAD patients. Further, the AUC value based on the risk score for 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, was 0.735, 0.672 and 0.662 respectively. Finally, the lncRNAs included in our signature were primarily enriched in autophagy process, metabolism, p53 pathway and JAK/STAT pathway. Conclusions: Overall, our study indicated that the prognostic model we generated had certain predictability for LUAD patients’ prognosis.
First direct neutrino-mass measurement with sub-eV sensitivity
Authors: Aker M. , Bottcher M. , Beglarian A. , Behrens J. , Berlev A. , Besserer U. , Bieringer B. , Block F. , Bornschein B. , Bornschein L. , Brunst T. , Caldwell T. S. , Carney R. M. D. , Cascio L. La , Chilingaryan S. , Choi W. , Debowski K. , Deffert M. , Descher M. , Barrero D. D´ıaz , Doe P. J. , Dragouns O. , Drexlin G. , Eitel K. , Ellinger E. , Engel R. , Enomoto S. , Felden A. , Formaggio J. A. , Frankle F. M. , Franklin G. B. , Friedel F. , Fulst A. , Gauda K. , Gil W. , Gluck F. , Grossle R. , Gumbsheimer R. , Gupta V. , Hohn T. , Hannen V. , Haußmann N. , Helbing K. , Hickford S. , Hiller R. , Hillsheimer D. , Hinz D. , Houdy T. , Huber A. , Jansen A. , Karl C. , Kellerer F. , Kellerer J. , Klein M. , Kohler C. , Kollenberger L. , Kopmann A. , Korzeczek M. , Kovalik A. , Krasch B. , Krause H. , Kunka N. , Lasserre T. , Le T. L. , Lebeda O. , Lehnert B. , Lokhov A. , Machatschek M. , Malcherek E. , Mark M. , Marsteller A. , Martin E. L. , Melzer C. , Menshikov A. , Mertens Susanne , Mertens S. , Mostafa J. , Muller K. , Niemes S. , Oelpmann P. , Parno D. S. , Poon A. W. P. , Poyato J. M. L. , Priester F. , Rollig M. , Rottele C. , Robertson R. G. H. , Rodejohann W. , Rodenbeck C. , Rysavy M. , Sack R. , Saenz A. , Schafer P. , Pollithy) A. Schaller (nee , Schimpf L. , Scholosser K. , Schlösser Magnus , Schluter L. , Schneidewind S. , Schrank M. , Schulz B. , Schwemmer A. , Sefcık M. , Sibille V. , Siegmann D. , Slezak M. , Steidl M. , Sturm M. , Sun M. , Tcherniakhovski D. , Telle H. H. , Thorne L. A. , Thummler T. , Titov N. , Tkachev I. , Urban K. , Valerius K. , Venos D. , Hernandez A. P. Vizcaya , Weinheimer C. , Welte S. , Wendel J. , Wilkerson J. F. , Wolf J. , Wustling S. , Xu W. , Yen Y.-R. , Zadoroghny S. , Zeller G. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We report the results of the second measurement campaign of the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment. KATRIN probes the effective electron anti-neutrino mass, mν, via a high-precision measurement of the tritium β-decay spectrum close
to its endpoint at 18.6 keV. In the second physics run presented here, the source activity was increased by a factor of 3.8 and
the background was reduced by 25% with respect to the first campaign. A sensitivity on mν of 0.7 eV/c2 at 90% confidence level (CL) was reached. This is the first sub-eV sensitivity from a direct neutrino-mass experiment. The best fit to the spectral data yields mν2=(0.26±0.34) eV2/c4, resulting in an upper limit of mν<0.9 eV/c2 (90% CL). By combining this result with the first neutrino mass campaign, we find an upper limit of mν<0.8 eV/c2 (90% CL).
Association Between Infection With Campylobacter Species and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer: A Hospital-Based Case–Control Study in Thailand
Authors: Poosari Arisara , Nutravong Thitima , Sa-ngiamwibool Prakasit , Namwat Wises , Chatrchaiwiwatana Supaporn , Ungareewittaya Piti 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown the association between Campylobacter species infection and environmental factors, poor oral hygiene in particular, is linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer (EC). However, no study has reported on these factors in Thai. Thus, this study objective was to evaluate the impact of the relationship between Campylobacter infection and environmental factors on EC incidence in the population Thailand.
Methods
Data from a case–control study were collected from 105 newly diagnosed EC cases and 105 controls recruited from 2007 to 2017. Infection with Campylobacter spp. was detected in the Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of EC taken from gastroesophageal biopsy specimens obtained from the participants and evaluated using a TaqMan® real-time PCR. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and perform data analysis.
Results
Smoking, alcohol use, a family history of cancer, history of gastroesophageal reflux disease, poor oral hygiene and Campylobacter spp. infection were shown to be significant risk factors for EC (p < 0.05). The combination of poor oral hygiene and infection with Campylobacter spp. constituted significant risk for EC (p < 0.001). In addition, the risk of EC in subjects co-infected with C. rectus and C. concisus practiced poor oral hygiene was even higher and was significant (ORadj = 4.7, 95%CI: 2.41–9.98, p = 0.003).
Conclusions
In Thailand, poor oral hygiene and infection with Campylobacter spp. was associated with an increased risk of EC.
Manufacture-friendly nanostructured metals stabilized by dual-phase honeycomb shell
Authors: Wang Hai , Song Wei , Liu Mingfeng , Zhang Shuyuan , Ren Ling , Qiu Dong , Chen Xing-Qiu , Yang Ke 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Refining grains to the nanoscale can greatly enhance the strength of metals. But so far the fabrication routes of nanostructured metals are difficult to be applied at a large-scale industrial level owing to their high cost and size limitation. More crucially, the superior properties of nanostructured metals are easily lost during thermoforming process due to their poor microstructural stability, which limits their widespread application in engineering practice. Here we report a facile “Eutectoid element alloying→Quenching→Hot deformation” (EQD) strategy, which enables the mass production of a Ti6Al4V5Cu model alloy with α-Ti grain size of 95 ± 32 nm. In addition, rapid co-precipitation of Ti2Cu and β phases forms a “dual-phase honeycomb shell” (DPHS) structure along the grain boundaries and effectively stabilizes the nanosized α-grains. The instability temperature of the nanostructured Ti6Al4V5Cu alloy reaches 973 K (0.55Tm). The room temperature tensile strength approaches 1.52 ± 0.03 GPa, which is 60% higher than the Ti6Al4V counterpart without sacrificing its ductility. Furthermore, the tensile elongation at 923 K exceeds 1000%, more than ten times higher than the Ti6Al4V counterpart. Grain growth is not observed even under such an extreme thermal-mechanical coupling condition. This enables nanostructured Ti6Al4V5Cu to be easily shaped to complex components. The aforementioned strategy paves a new pathway to develop manufacture-friendly, high-performance metallic materials and it also has a great potential to be applied in other alloy systems.
Effect of Wrist Joint Angle on the Examination of Hoffmann's Sign
Authors: Shi Guan , Tang Hai , Shan Jianlin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective To study the effect of different wrist flexion and extension angles on the results of Hoffmann’s sign.Methods Thirty-seven patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy and fifty objectives as control group were examinated at 15° palmar flexion, 0° neutral, 30° back extension, and 60° back extension of the wrist joint to observe Hoffmann's sign.ResultsThe patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy did not present significantly different results of Hoffmann’s sign at 0° neutral, 30° back extension, and 60° back extension, but significantly different at 15° palmar flexion (P<0.05). In control group, there is no significant difference at 15° palmar flexion, 0° neutral, 30° back extension, but significantly different at 60° back extension (p<0.05).ConclusionThe different angles of wrist flexion and extension present a significant impact on the results of Hoffmann’s sign examination. For the patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, it is reliable to test Hoffmann’s sign at 30° wrist back extension.