bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced genebank management of genetic resources of European wild apple, Malus sylvestris, using genome-wide SNP array data
Authors: Buiteveld Joukje , Koehorst-van Putten Herma JJ , Kodde Linda , Laros Ivo , Tumino Giorgio , Howard Nicholas P. , van de Weg Eric , Smulders Marinus J.M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Netherlands’ field genebank collection of European wild apple (Malus sylvestris), consisting of 115 accessions, was studied in order to determine whether duplicates and mistakes had been introduced, and to develop a strategy to optimize the planting design of the collection as a seed orchard. We used the apple 20K Infinium single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, developed in M. domestica, for the first time for genotyping in M. sylvestris. We could readily detect the clonal copies and unexpected duplicates. Thirty-two M. sylvestris accessions (29%) showed a close genetic relationship (parent-child, full-sib, or half-sib) to another accession, which reflects the small effective population size of the in situ populations. Traces of introgression from M. domestica were only found in 7 individuals. This indicates that pollination preferentially took place among the M. sylvestris trees. We conclude that the collection can be considered as mainly pure M. sylvestris accessions. The results imply that it should be managed as one unit when used for seed production. A bias in allele frequencies in the seeds may be prevented by not harvesting all accessions with a close genetic relationship to the others in the seed orchard. We discuss the value of using the SNP array to elaborate the M. sylvestris genetic resources more in depth, including for phasing the markers in a subset of the accessions, as a first step towards genetic resources management at the level of haplotypes.
A field-scale remediation of residual light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL): chemical enhancers for pump and treat
Authors: Ciampi Paolo , Esposito Carlo , Cassiani Giorgio , Deidda Gian Piero , Rizzetto Paolo , Papini Marco Petrangeli 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil and groundwater is a challenging task. The petroleum hydrocarbons have a long persistence in both the vadose zone and in the aquifer and potentially represent secondary and residual sources of contamination. This is particularly evident in the presence of residual free-phase. Pump-and-treat is the most common hydrocarbon decontamination strategy. Besides, it acts primarily on the water dissolved phase and reduces concentrations of contaminants to an asymptotic trend. This study presents a case of enhanced light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) remediation monitored using noninvasive techniques. A pilot-scale field experiment was conducted through the injection of reagents into the subsoil to stimulate the desorption and the oxidation of residual hydrocarbons. Geophysical and groundwater monitoring during pilot testing controlled the effectiveness of the intervention, both in terms of product diffusion capacity and in terms of effective reduction of pollutant concentrations. In particular, non-invasive monitoring of the reagent migration and its capability to reach the target areas is a major add-on to the remediation technique. Most of the organic contaminants were decomposed, mobilized, and subsequently removed using physical recovery techniques. A considerable mass of contaminant was recovered resulting in the reduction of concentrations in the intervention areas.
Maritime Archaeology in Finland: History and Future Tasks
Authors: Marila Marko , Ilves Kristin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article provides an account of the history, present state, and possible future directions of Finnish maritime archaeology in order to elucidate certain aspects characteristic of the field. In the Finnish context, academia and the heritage sector are historically interconnected, and professionals have successfully assumed responsibilities in both. Research opportunities, however, have been more numerous at the Finnish Heritage Agency (FHA) than in academia, whereas the focus has been on well-preserved wrecks mainly from seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This can be explained by the great number of registered shipwrecks from the historical periods being managed by the FHA. Well-preserved shipwrecks are also central for hobby divers’ interest that has been historically paramount for the development of the field. At the same time, discontinuities in academic training of maritime archaeologists have created a situation where opportunities for long-term and in-depth research at universities have been few. Future prospects of Finnish maritime archaeology are discussed with respect to the current state, and the interconnectedness of the heritage management sector, academically trained maritime archaeologists, and avocational diving societies and volunteers is emphasised as a key element in continued development.
Meniscal ramp lesions: diagnostic performance of MRI with arthroscopy as reference standard
Authors: Zappia Marcello , Sconfienza Luca Maria , Guarino Salvatore , Tumminello Michele , Iannella Germano , Mariani Pier Paolo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The posteromedial meniscal region is gaining interest among orthopedic surgeons, as lesions of this area has been reported to be significantly associated with anterior cruciate ligament tears. The current imaging literature is unclear.

Purpose
To evaluate the diagnostic performance of MR in the detection of meniscal ramp lesions having arthroscopy as reference standard.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively included 56 patients (mean age of 25 ± 7 years; 14 females) from January to November 2017 with a arthroscopically proved ACL tear and posterior meniscocapsular separation. On preoperative MRI, two radiologists with 13 and 2 years’ experience in musculoskeletal imaging assessed the presence/absence of ramp lesion, meniscotibial ligament lesion, peripheral meniscal lesion, or their combination, bone bruise. Having arthroscopy as reference standard, diagnostic performance of MRI in the evaluation of ramp area lesions was calculated. Cohen’s kappa (k) and Fisher's Exact Test statistics were used.

Results
Agreement between radiologists ranged from κ = 0.784 (meniscotibial ligament lesions) to κ = 0.918 red–red meniscal lesion. Sensitivities were 97.4% for ramp lesions, 95.8% for meniscotibial ligament lesion, 94.4% for peripheral meniscal lesions; specificities were 88.9%, 81.3%, and 97.4%, respectively; accuracies were 94.6%, 87.5%, and 96.4%, respectively. Agreement between MR and arthroscopy was almost perfect in identification of ramp lesions (κ = 0.871) and red–red zone meniscal lesions (κ = 0.908). The agreement between the two methods was substantial (κ = 0.751) for meniscotibial lesion. No significant association between tibial plateau bone bruise and the different type of lesions was found (κ ≥ 0.004 and p ≥ 0.08).

Conclusion
MR has high diagnostic performance in meniscal ramp area lesion assessment, with substantial to almost perfect inter-reader agreement.
Reactivity of substrates with multiple competitive reactive sites toward NBS under neat reaction conditions promoted by visible light
Authors: Grjol Blaž , Jereb Marjan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRegioselectivity of visible-light-induced transformations of a range of (hetero)aryl alkyl-substituted ketones bearing several competitive reactive sites (α-carbonyl, benzyl and aromatic ring) with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) was studied under solvent-free reaction conditions (SFRC) and in the absence of inert-gas atmosphere, radical initiators and catalysts. An 8-W energy-saving household lamp was used for irradiation. Heterogeneous reaction conditions were dealt with throughout the study. All substrates were mono- or dibrominated at the α-carbonyl position, and additionally, some benzylic or aromatic bromination was observed in substrates with benzylic carbon atoms or electron-donating methoxy groups, respectively. Surprisingly, ipso-substitution of the acyl group with a bromine atom took place with (4-methoxynaphthyl) alkyl ketones. While the addition of the radical scavenger TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxy) decreased the extent of α- and ring bromination, it completely suppressed the benzylic bromination and α,α-dibromination with NBS under SFRC.
Diabetes and Cardiovascular Complications: The Epidemics Continue
Authors: López-Díez Raquel , Egaña-Gorroño Lander , Senatus Laura , Shekhtman Alexander , Ramasamy Ravichandran , Schmidt Ann Marie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The cardiovascular complications of type 1 and 2 diabetes are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Extensive efforts have been made to maximize glycemic control; this strategy reduces certain manifestations of cardiovascular complications. There are drawbacks, however, as intensive glycemic control does not impart perennial protective benefits, and these efforts are not without potential adverse sequelae, such as hypoglycemic events.

Recent Findings
Here, the authors have focused on updates into key areas under study for mechanisms driving these cardiovascular disorders in diabetes, including roles for epigenetics and gene expression, interferon networks, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Updates on the cardioprotective roles of the new classes of hyperglycemia-targeting therapies, the sodium glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors and the agonists of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor system, are reviewed.

Summary
In summary, insights from ongoing research and the cardioprotective benefits of the newer type 2 diabetes therapies are providing novel areas for therapeutic opportunities in diabetes and CVD.
The Interplay Between Autophagy and Senescence in Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Russo Michele , Bono Enrico , Ghigo Alessandra 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Doxorubicin (DOXO) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug employed for the treatment of a wide spectrum of cancers, spanning from solid tumours to haematopoietic malignancies. However, its clinical use is hampered by severe and dose-dependent cardiac side effects that ultimately lead to heart failure (HF).

Recent Findings
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are well-established mechanisms of DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity, although recent evidence suggests that deregulation of other biological processes, like autophagy, could be involved. It is increasingly recognized that autophagy deregulation is intimately interconnected with the initiation of detrimental cellular responses, including autosis and senescence, raising the possibility of using autophagy modulators as well as senolytics and senomorphics for preventing DOXO cardiotoxicity.

Summary
This review aims at providing an overview of the signalling pathways that are common to autophagy and senescence, with a special focus on how the relationship between these two processes is deregulated in response to cardiotoxic treatments. Finally, we will discuss the potential therapeutic utility of drugs modulating autophagy and/or senescence for counteracting DOXO cardiotoxicity.
Data Analysis and Forecasting of the COVID-19 Spread: A Comparison of Recurrent Neural Networks and Time Series Models
Authors: Gomez-Cravioto Daniela A. , Diaz-Ramos Ramon E. , Cantu-Ortiz Francisco J. , Ceballos Hector G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo understand and approach the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, machine learning offers fundamental tools. This study presents the use of machine learning techniques for projecting COVID-19 infections and deaths in Mexico. The research has three main objectives: first, to identify which function adjusts the best to the infected population growth in Mexico; second, to determine the feature importance of climate and mobility; third, to compare the results of a traditional time series statistical model with a modern approach in machine learning. The motivation for this work is to support health care providers in their preparation and planning. The methods compared are linear, polynomial, and generalized logistic regression models to describe the growth of COVID-19 incidents in Mexico. Additionally, machine learning and time series techniques are used to identify feature importance and perform forecasting for daily cases and fatalities. The study uses the publicly available data sets from the John Hopkins University of Medicine in conjunction with the mobility rates obtained from Google’s Mobility Reports and climate variables acquired from the Weather Online API.
The results suggest that the logistic growth model fits best the pandemic’s behavior, that there is enough correlation of climate and mobility variables with the disease numbers, and that the Long short-term memory network can be exploited for predicting daily cases. Given this, we propose a model to predict daily cases and fatalities for SARS-CoV-2 using time series data, mobility, and weather variables.
Investigation of Copper removal mechanisms on Quercus robur acorn caps: Equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamic and characterization studies
Authors: Zeybek Zafer , Dursun Sukru 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntended for human consumption water resources are rapidly decreased due to overuse, global warming and also polluting by pollutants. Metal concentrations are generally removed by precipitation, adsorption, biosorption and some chemical reactions in the receiving water media. Therefore, polluted waters by metals are caused to rarely toxic effects in living things in high concentrations. Metal polluted waters are generally caused to esthetic and cosmetic effects. Adsorption is one of the commonly used methods for metal removal. In recent years, researches about natural low cost adsorbents are increased. Factors such as modification and electricity costs increase the cost of adsorbent. In this study, dry acorn caps of Quercus robur were used as non-modify natural adsorbent. The batch experiments were carried out to removal of copper in water that has initial low concentration by prepared natural adsorbent. It was performed equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamic studies and moreover adsorbent characterization studies with using SEM + EDX and XRD methods. It was found the removal efficiency was 84%, and adsorption capacity was 0.336 mg/g. This paper is aimed to expressing the affecting factors of adsorption mechanism at the removal of copper in water. This paper is expressing the affecting factors of a non-modify natural adsorbent's adsorption mechanism at the removal of copper in water which has initial low concentration. As a consequence, it has been seen that acorn caps of Quercus robur due to contained tannins highly effects adsorption mechanism, and it may be used of copper removal.
Effect of the chemical composition of six hydrotreated light cycle oils for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene production by a hydrocracking process
Authors: Laredo Georgina C. , Águeda-Rangel Ricardo , García-López Alfonso , García-Gutiérrez José Luis , Olmos-Cerda Eli Hazel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe effect of the chemical composition of the hydrotreated light cycle oil (HDT LCO) on the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) production by a hydrocracking (HCK) procedure, is presented. Six different types of HDT LCOs were obtained by submitting two types of LCOs to hydrotreating (HDT) with different catalysts and experimental conditions. The products were analyzed as mono-, di- and tri-aromatic compounds using the supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) method (ASTM D5186). The HDT LCOs were subjected to HCK with a 50/50 in weight mixture of nickel-molybdenum on alumina (NiMo/Al2O3) and H-ZSM5 (NiMo/H-ZSM5, 50/50) at 375 °C, 7.5 MPa, 1.2 h−1, and 750 m3/m3 H2/Oil. The HCK products were analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and divided into five groups: gas, light hydrocarbons (LHCs), BTEX, middle hydrocarbons (MHCs), and heavy hydrocarbons (HHCs).The results showed that the BTEX formation ranged from 27.0 to 29.8 wt.% and it did not show a significant dependence on the mono-aromatic (59.9 and 75.6 wt.%), total aromatic (61.1–84.2 wt.%) contents or MHCs conversion (58.3–64.3 wt.%) from the departing HDT LCO feedstock. This result implies that, contrary to previous expectations, the BTEX formation does not directly depend on the amounts of total or mono-aromatic compounds when departing from real feedstocks. A GC-PIONA (paraffin, isoparaffin, olefin, naphthene, aromatic) characterization method (ASTM D6623) for mechanism understanding purpose was also carried out.
Stability, reusability, and equivalent circuit of TiO2/treated metakaolinite-based dye-sensitized solar cell: effect of illumination intensity on Voc and Isc values
Authors: Rahmalia Winda , Silalahi Imelda H. , Usman Thamrin , Fabre Jean-François , Mouloungui Zéphirin , Zissis Georges 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this research, treated metakaolinite (TMK) was introduced into the TiO2 photoelectrode to fabricated dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photovoltaic cells have four main natural components, i.e., a photosensitizer (carotenoid bixin), photoelectrode (TiO2/kaolinite), electrolyte (glycerine carbonate derivative), and counter-electrode (carbon). Their stability, reusability, and equivalent circuit were studied. The presence of 5% of TMK in anatase TiO2 paste decreased the TiO2 band gap from 3.21 to 3.16 eV. The result showed that the presence of 5% of TMK in TiO2 paste was more favorable to obtain higher energy conversion efficiency. Under a light intensity of 200 W/m2, it produced an energy conversion yield of 0.086%. The combination of the electrolyte and the TMK demonstrated a synergistic effect to improve the electrical properties of the DSSC. The energy storage function worked well until the third day of analysis. The DSSC based on TiO2/TMK photoelectrode exhibited 16 times better stability than pure TiO2-based photoelectrode. The Faraday charge transfer processes showed that the TiO2/TMK photoelectrode is not in direct contact with the carbon counter-electrode.
Further support for the validity of the social appearance anxiety scale (SAAS) in a variety of German-speaking samples
Authors: Reichenberger Julia , Radix Anne Kathrin , Blechert Jens , Legenbauer Tanja 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Eating disorders (ED) and social anxiety disorder are highly comorbid with potentially shared symptoms like social appearance anxiety (SAA) referring to a fear of being negatively evaluated by others’ because of overall appearance. SAA constitutes a risk factor for eating psychopathology and bridges between EDs and social anxiety disorder.

Methods
The present studies examined internal consistency, factor structure, test–retest reliability, gender and age invariance, convergent validity and differences between individuals with and without an ED of a German version of the social appearance anxiety scale (SAAS) in four independent samples (n1 = 473; n2 = 712; n3 = 79; n4 = 33) including adolescents and patients with EDs.

Results
Consistently, the SAAS showed excellent internal consistency (ωs ≥ 0.947) and a one-factorial structure. Convergent validity was shown via high correlations of the SAAS with social anxiety (e.g., social interaction anxiety r = 0.642; fear of negative evaluation rs ≥ 0.694), body image disturbance measures (e.g., shape concerns rs ≥ 0.654; weight concerns rs ≥ 0.607; body avoidance rs ≥ 0.612; body checking rs ≥ 0.651) and self-esteem (r = −0.557) as well as moderate correlations with general eating psychopathology (e.g., restrained rs ≥ 0.372; emotional r = 0.439; external eating r = 0.149). Additionally, the SAAS showed gender and age invariance and test–retest reliability after 4 weeks with r = 0.905 in Study 2 and was able to discriminate between individuals with and without an ED in Study 4.

Conclusion
Hence, the German version of the SAAS can reliably and validly assess SAA in female and male adolescents or adults with or without an ED. Additionally, the SAAS might be used in a therapeutic context to especially target patient groups suffering from EDs with comorbid social anxiety.

Level of evidence
Level III: Evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.
Preserved Blood Spots Aid Antenatal Diagnosis of Citrullinemia Type-1
Authors: Bajaj Shruti , Joglekar Uday , Jalan Anil , Häberle Johannes , Rüfenacht Veronique 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInborn errors of metabolism are an important cause of non-communicable under-five childhood mortality. Lack of confirmatory ‘genomic’ results in the deceased index case due to unavailability of post-mortem biological samples, can pose challenges in reproductive counseling of the parents in future pregnancies. Our case describes a couple seeking preconception genetic counseling after they lost their previous child to biochemically diagnosed Citrullinemia type-1. We confirmed the genomic diagnosis of Citrullinemia type-1 through the post-mortem genetic analysis of the DNA retrieved from the preserved blood spots, 12-months later. Prenatal testing in the next pregnancy revealed the fetus to be a carrier for Citrullinemia type-1. This case report intends to raise the obstetricians’ and neonatologists’ awareness regarding DNA banking in fatal genetic disorders and the mandatory confirmatory genetic diagnosis for effective prenatal genetic counseling.
The Use of Green Inhibitors in Evaluating the Safe Expiry Dates of Therapeutics
Authors: Fathima Huda , Pais Mikitha , Rao Padmalatha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present work was done with dual intentions. The primary aim was to attenuate the acid corrosion of 6061 aluminum alloy by green approach. While doing so, an attempt was made to use the expiry date pharmaceutical product Streptomycin (SEPT) injection. This unique method could provide the best possible pathway for the utility of otherwise useless, non-eco-friendly expiry date drugs. Corrosion inhibition studies were performed using electrochemical techniques. Experimental settings were augmented to attain the highest possible efficacy of SEPT by changing its concentration and temperature. Experimental values were close-fitted into proper adsorption isotherm. Surface morphology studies like SEM and AFM were performed to confirm the adsorption of inhibitor. Streptomycin emerged as an exceptionally good inhibitor with an efficacy of 77% for the addition of just 1 ppm of the inhibitor at 303 K. Outcome of the work provided a unique pathway for utility expiry date drug, thereby minimizing the environmental pollution.
Enhancing the accuracy and precision of forecasting the productivity of a factory: a fuzzified feedforward neural network approach
Authors: Chen Toly , Lin Yu-Cheng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMost existing methods for forecasting the productivity of a factory cannot estimate the range of productivity reliably, especially when future conditions are distinct from those in the past. To address this issue, a fuzzified feedforward neural network (FFNN) approach is proposed in this study. The FFNN approach improves the forecasting precision after generating accurate fuzzy productivity forecasts. In addition, the acceptable range of a fuzzy productivity forecast is specified, based on which the sum of the memberships of actual values is maximized. In this way, the range of productivity can be precisely estimated. After applying the FFNN approach to a real case, the experimental results revealed the superiority of the FFNN approach by improving the forecasting precision, in terms of the hit rate, by 25%. Such an improvement also contributed to a better forecasting accuracy. The superiority of the FFNN approach is in the context that the accuracy of forecasting productivity is optimized only after the range of productivity has been precisely estimated. In contrast, most state-of-the-art methods focus on optimizing the forecasting accuracy, but may be ineffective without information about the range of productivity when future conditions are distinct from the past.