bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Environmental Wind Shear Direction on Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer Thermodynamics and Intensity Change from Multiple Observational Datasets
Authors: Wadler Joshua B. , Cione Joseph J. , Zhang Jun A. , Kalina Evan A. , Kaplan John 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The relationship between deep-layer environmental wind shear direction and tropical cyclone (TC) boundary layer thermodynamic structures is explored in multiple independent databases. Analyses derived from the tropical cyclone buoy database (TCBD) show that when TCs experience northerly component shear, the 10-m equivalent potential temperature θe tends to be more symmetric than when shear has a southerly component. The primary asymmetry in θe in TCs experiencing southerly component shear is radially outward from 2 times the radius of maximum wind speed, with the left-of-shear quadrants having lower θe by 4–6 K than the right-of-shear quadrants. As with the TCBD, an asymmetric distribution of 10-m θe for TCs experiencing southerly component shear and a symmetric distribution of 10-m θe for TCs experiencing northerly component shear was found using composite observations from dropsondes. These analyses show that differences in the degree of symmetry near the sea surface extend through the depth of the boundary layer. Additionally, mean dropsonde profiles illustrate that TCs experiencing northerly component shear are more potentially unstable between 500- and 1000-m altitude, signaling a more favorable environment for the development of surface-based convection in rainband regions. Analyses from the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) database show that subsequent strengthening for TCs in the Atlantic Ocean basin preferentially occurs in northerly component deep-layer environmental wind shear environments whereas subsequent weakening preferentially occurs in southerly component wind shear environments, which further illustrates that the asymmetric distribution of boundary layer thermodynamics is unfavorable for TC intensification. These differences emphasize the impact of deep-layer wind shear direction on TC intensity changes that likely result from the superposition of large-scale advection with the shear-relative asymmetries in TC structure.

Significance Statement
This research investigates how the direction of the winds surrounding the storm impacts the strength of a tropical cyclone. Analyses from this study illustrate that when the winds come from the south the atmospheric boundary layer has a cool and dry side along with a warm and moist side. When the large-scale winds come from the north, temperature and moisture conditions are more uniform throughout the boundary layer. Consequently, results from tropical cyclone climatology show that winds observed to come from the north favor subsequent intensification. These relationships illustrate that tropical cyclone structure and intensity are directly influenced by their surrounding environments and that knowledge of the wind environment could help to improve future forecasts of tropical cyclone intensity change.
Detecting change in community participation with the Enfranchisement scale of the community participation indicators
Authors: Kersey Jessica , Terhorst Lauren , Hammel Joy , Baum Carolyn , Toglia Joan , O’Dell Michael W. , Heinemann Allen W. , McCue Michael , Skidmore Elizabeth R. 
Published: November 2021

Objective This study determined the sensitivity to change of the Enfranchisement scale of the Community Participation Indicators in people with stroke. Data sources We analyzed data from two studies of participants with stroke: an intervention study and an observational study. Main measures The Enfranchisement Scale contains two subscales: the Importance subscale (feeling valued by and contributing to the community; range: 14–70) and the Control subscale (choice and control: range: 13–64). Data analysis Assessments were administered 6 months apart. We calculated minimum detectable change and minimal clinically important difference. Results The Control subscale analysis included 121 participants with a mean age of 61.2 and mild-moderate disability (Functional Independence Measure, mean = 97.9, SD = 24.7). On the Control subscale, participants had a mean baseline score of 51.4 (SD = 10.4), and little mean change (1.3) but with large variation in change scores (SD = 11.5). We found a minimum detectable change of 9 and a minimum clinically important difference of 6. The Importance subscale analysis included 116 participants with a mean age of 60.7 and mild-moderate disability (Functional Independence Measure, mean = 98.9, SD = 24.5). On the Importance subscale, participants had a mean baseline score of 44.1 (SD = 12.7), and again demonstrated little mean change (1.08) but with large variation in change scores (SD = 12.6). We found a minimum detectable change of 11 and a minimum clinically important difference 7. Conclusions The Control subscale required 9 points of change, and the Importance subscale required 11 points of change, to achieve statistically and clinically meaningful changes, suggesting adequate sensitivity to change.
Differences in Baseline Characteristics and Outcome Among Responders, Late Responders, and Never-Responders After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Randsborg Per-Henrik , Adamec Dakota , Cepeda Nicholas A. , Pearle Andrew , Ranawat Anil 
Published: November 2021

Background: Loss to follow-up in registry studies might affect generalizability and interpretation of results. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of nonresponder bias in our anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) registry. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 2042 patients with ACL reconstruction in the Hospital for Special Surgery ACL Registry between 2009 and 2013 were included in the study. Patients who completed the patient-reported outcome measures at 2 or 5 years were considered responders (n = 808). Baseline data and patient characteristics were compared between responders and nonresponders (n = 1234). Both responders and nonresponders were contacted and invited to complete the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Marx scores electronically and respond to questions regarding return to sports and subsequent surgeries. Nonresponders who completed the questionnaires after reminders were considered late responders. The remaining nonresponders were considered never-responders. The late responders (n = 367) completed the questionnaires after a mean follow-up of 7.8 years (range, 6.7-9.6 years), while follow-up for the responders was 6.8 years (range, 5.0-9.7 years). Responders and late responders were then compared in terms of differences in IKDC and Marx scores from baseline to final follow-up. Results: Nonresponders were younger (28.5 vs 31.5 years; P < .001) and more often male (60% vs 53%; P = .003) compared with responders. Responders had a higher level of education and were more likely to be White (79% vs 74%; P = .04). There were no substantial differences in patient characteristics or baseline IKDC and Marx scores between the late responders and never-responders. There were no statistically significant differences in patient-reported outcomes, return to sports, or subsequent surgeries between responders and late responders at a mean follow-up time of 8.8 years (range, 6.7-9.7 years). Repeat email reminders and telephone calls increased response rate by 18% (from 40% to 58%). Conclusion: There was no difference in clinical outcome as evaluated using IKDC and Marx scores between responders and late responders.
Clindamycin-loaded titanium prevents implant-related infection through blocking biofilm formation
Authors: Li Youbin , Wang Shaochuan , Li Shidan , Fei Jun 
Published: November 2021

Implant-related infection is a disastrous complication. Surface modification of titanium is considered as an important strategy to prevent implant-related infection. However, there is no recognized surface modification strategy that can be applied in clinic so far. We explored a new strategy of coating. The clindamycin-loaded titanium was constructed by layer-by-layer self-assembly. The release of clindamycin from titanium was detected through high performance liquid chromatography. Different titanium was co-cultured with Staphylococcus aureus for 24 h in vitro, then the effect of different titanium on bacterial colonization and biofilm formation was determined by spread plate method and scanning electron microscopy. Cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility of clindamycin-loaded titanium on MC3T3-E1 cells were measured by CCK8. The antibacterial ability of clindamycin-loaded titanium in vivo was also evaluated using a rat model of osteomyelitis. The number of osteoclasts in bone defect was observed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Bacterial burden of surrounding tissues around the site of infection was calculated by tissue homogenate and colony count. Clindamycin-loaded titanium could release clindamycin slowly within 160 h. It reduced bacterial colonization by three orders of magnitude compare to control ( p < .05) and inhibits biofilm formation in vitro. Cells proliferation and adhesion were similar on three titanium surfaces ( p > .05). In vivo, clindamycin-loaded titanium improved bone healing, reduced microbial burden, and decreased the number of osteoclasts compared control titanium in the rat model of osteomyelitis. This study demonstrated that clindamycin-loaded titanium exhibited good biocompatibility, and showed antibacterial activity both in vivo and in vitro. It is promising and might have potential for clinical application.
Re: Caron et al., 2021, sociocultural context and autistics quality of life: A comparison between Quebec and France
Authors: Rodgers Jacqui 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this letter to the editors is to highlight to the readership of Autism the recommended use of the Autism Quality of Life measure (ASQoL) for research with autistic adults. The ASQoL was developed for use alongside the World Health Organization Quality of Life – Bref (WHOQOL-Bref) and the World Health Organization disabilities module. The letter raises some concerns about the use of the ASQoL as a standalone measure in a recent study by Caron et al. published in Autism. Lay abstract This letter to the editors discusses the use of the ASQoL for research with autistic adults. The autism quality of life measure was developed for use alongside two existing measures of quality of life developed by the World Health Organization. It was not developed as a questionnaire to be used in its own. The letter raises some concerns about the use of the autism quality of life measure as a standalone measure in a recent study by Caron et al., published in Autism.
Mothers’ ability to determine and measure paracetamol doses for children—a contrived observational study
Authors: Prasadi GAM , Senarathna L , Dharmaratne SD , Mohamed F , Jayasinghe SS , Dawson A 
Published: November 2021

Caregivers are primarily responsible for the administration of Over The Counter (OTC) medications in children. This study examines the mothers’ ability to determine and measure paracetamol doses for children aged between 1 and 5 years. A contrived observational study was conducted for mothers of preschool aged children at two Public Health Midwifery (PHM) areas in Southern province, Sri Lanka. Stratified random sampling was used. Only 26.9% ( n = 95, 95% CI = 22.5%–31.7%) of the 353 participants correctly determined and measured the doses of paracetamol. Errors were frequently made in both determining and measuring dose together ( n = 113, 32.0%, 95% CI = 27.3%–37.1%), determining only ( n = 94, 26.6%, 95% CI = 22.2%–31.5%) and measurement only ( n = 51, 14.4%, 95% CI = 11.1%–18.5%). Dose determined errors were not significantly associated with maternal education, number of children in the family, total monthly income and age of the index child. Similarly measuring errors were not significantly associated with mothers’ education, income of the family and number of children in the family. However, there was a weak positive correlation between measuring errors and age of the index child. The study suggests that mothers made errors when determining doses and measuring doses of paracetamol. Results emphasize importance of clear, concise guardian information leaflet and healthcare professionals’ guidance to minimize dosing errors of child medication.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among staff and students in a Nigerian tertiary educational institution
Authors: Uzochukwu Ikemefuna Chijioke , Eleje George Uchenna , Nwankwo Chike Henry , Chukwuma George Okechukwu , Uzuke Chinwendu Alice , Uzochukwu Chinwe Elizabeth , Mathias Bentina Alawari , Okunna Chinyere Stella , Asomugha Lasbrey Azuoma , Esimone Charles Okechukwu 
Published: November 2021

Background: COVID-19 was first reported on 31 December 2019 and has so far claimed over 2,000 lives in Nigeria. Through global and national efforts, about 4 million doses of the AstraZeneca vaccine was distributed and used in Nigeria from March 2021. Vaccine hesitancy could pose a serious problem for COVID-19 prevention and control. Objectives: To estimate the proportion of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University community that is willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19; level of hesitancy and its associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using online Google form distributed to staff and students of the university via different WhatsApp groups. The outcome measures were the proportion of persons willing to be vaccinated, vaccine hesitancy rates and reasons for this hesitancy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and Minitab version 19. Bivariate analysis was performed by the chi-square test, Odds Ratios (ORs) and statistical significance was accepted when p-value is < 0.05. Results: Only 349 of the survey responses were analyzed in the survey. Results show that 34.70 ± 5.00% of the university community were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine when it is offered to them. The COVID-19 hesitancy rate among staff and students was 65.04 ± 5.00%. It was discovered that marital status (OR = 2.06), age (OR = 0.802) and christian denominational affiliation (OR = 0.366) influenced respondents’ perception of COVID-19 vaccination. Gender, occupation, previous vaccination experience, awareness of COVID-19 and previous symptoms of COVID-19 did not significantly ( p = 0.05) influence respondents’ willingness to be vaccinated. Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is high among staff and students in a Nigerian university and is significantly influenced by marital status, respondents’ age and christian denominational affiliation.
Endoscopic Shelf Acetabuloplasty Concomitant With Labral Repair, Cam Osteoplasty, and Capsular Plication to Treat Acetabular Dysplasia in Artistic Athletes: A Case Series
Authors: Uchida Soshi , Murata Yoichi , Tsukamoto Manabu , Utsunomiya Hajime , Yamanaka Yoshiaki , Hatakeyama Akihisa , Kanezaki Shiho , Sakai Akinori 
Published: November 2021

Background: Knowledge of clinical outcomes and return to artistic activities after endoscopic shelf acetabuloplasty (ESA) for acetabular dysplasia in artistic athletes is lacking. Hypothesis: Hip arthroscopic surgery including ESA will enable artistic athletes to return to their activities with a high success rate, significantly improved acetabular coverage, and preserved joint cartilage. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We reviewed 28 hips in 23 female artistic athletes (14 ballet, 9 rhythmic gymnastics, 4 dance, and 1 baton twirling) who underwent arthroscopic labral preservation, capsular plication, and ESA. Their mean age was 25.8 ± 10.2 years. Preoperatively, all patients had generalized joint laxity (Beighton score, 7.1 ± 1.8). We evaluated preoperative and postoperative radiographs and outcome scores including the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT-12), Vail Hip Score (VHS), and Hip Outcome Score–Sports (HOS— Sports). Statistical analysis was performed using paired t tests and Bonferroni correction. Results: The mean follow-up was 32.5 ± 12.5 months. The mean lateral center-edge angle significantly increased from preoperatively (15.7° ± 5.3°) to postoperatively (39.8° ± 8.2°; P < .001) and at the final follow-up (33.7° ± 8.6°; P < .001). The vertical-center-anterior angle significantly improved from preoperatively (16.2° ± 8.8°) to final follow-up (33.6° ± 8.0°; P < .001). All hips maintained a Tönnis grade of 0 or 1 at the final follow-up. Overall, 20 patients (87%) were able to return to their preinjury level. All outcome scores improved from preoperatively to postoperatively: mHHS, from 68.5 ± 18.1 to 88.3 ± 18.5; NAHS, from 50.8 ± 17.7 to 69.0 ± 11.4; iHOT-12, from 36.9 ± 19.3 to 75.2 ± 19.8; VHS, from 53.8 ± 13.7 to 79.4 ± 19.4; and HOS--Sports, from 59.9 ± 17.0 to 79.6 ± 21.3 ( P < .001 for all). In total, 3 patients could not return to artistic activities as the result of postoperative deep gluteal syndrome. Conclusion: ESA concomitant with labral repair, cam osteoplasty, and capsular plication to treat dysplastic hips in patients with joint laxity enabled artistic athletes to return to their activities with a high success rate.
HLA informs risk predictions after haploidentical stem cell transplantation with posttransplantation cyclophosphamide
Authors: Fuchs Ephraim J. , McCurdy Shannon R. , Solomon Scott R. , Wang Tao , Herr Megan R. , Modi Dipenkumar , Grunwald Michael R. , Nishihori Taiga , Kuxhausen Michelle , Fingerson Stephanie , McKallor Caroline , Bashey Asad , Kasamon Yvette L. , Bolon Yung-Tsi , Saad Ayman , McGuirk Joseph , Paczesny Sophie , Gadalla Shahinaz M. , Marsh Steven G. E. , Shaw Bronwen E. , Spellman Stephen R. , Lee Stephanie J. , Petersdorf Effie W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHematopoietic cell transplantation from HLA-haploidentical related donors is increasingly used to treat hematologic cancers; however, characteristics of the optimal haploidentical donor have not been established. We studied the role of donor HLA mismatching in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), disease recurrence, and survival after haploidentical donor transplantation with posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) for 1434 acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome patients reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research. The impact of mismatching in the graft-versus-host vector for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 alleles, the HLA-B leader, and HLA-DPB1 T-cell epitope (TCE) were studied using multivariable regression methods. Outcome was associated with HLA (mis)matches at individual loci rather than the total number of HLA mismatches. HLA-DRB1 mismatches were associated with lower risk of disease recurrence. HLA-DRB1 mismatching with HLA-DQB1 matching correlated with improved disease-free survival. HLA-B leader matching and HLA-DPB1 TCE-nonpermissive mismatching were each associated with improved overall survival. HLA-C matching lowered chronic GVHD risk, and the level of HLA-C expression correlated with transplant-related mortality. Matching status at the HLA-B leader and HLA-DRB1, -DQB1, and -DPB1 predicted disease-free survival, as did patient and donor cytomegalovirus serostatus, patient age, and comorbidity index. A web-based tool was developed to facilitate selection of the best haploidentical-related donor by calculating disease-free survival based on these characteristics. In conclusion, HLA factors influence the success of haploidentical transplantation with PTCy. HLA-DRB1 and -DPB1 mismatching and HLA-C, -B leader, and -DQB1 matching are favorable. Consideration of HLA factors may help to optimize the selection of haploidentical related donors.
The histone lysine acetyltransferase HBO1 (KAT7) regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and self-renewal
Authors: Yang Yuqing , Kueh Andrew J. , Grant Zoe L. , Abeysekera Waruni , Garnham Alexandra L. , Wilcox Stephen , Hyland Craig D. , Di Rago Ladina , Metcalf Don , Alexander Warren S. , Coultas Leigh , Smyth Gordon K. , Voss Anne K. , Thomas Tim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The histone acetyltransferase HBO1 (MYST2, KAT7) is indispensable for postgastrulation development, histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14Ac), and the expression of embryonic patterning genes. In this study, we report the role of HBO1 in regulating hematopoietic stem cell function in adult hematopoiesis. We used 2 complementary cre-recombinase transgenes to conditionally delete Hbo1 (Mx1-Cre and Rosa26-CreERT2). Hbo1-null mice became moribund due to hematopoietic failure with pancytopenia in the blood and bone marrow 2 to 6 weeks after Hbo1 deletion. Hbo1-deleted bone marrow cells failed to repopulate hemoablated recipients in competitive transplantation experiments. Hbo1 deletion caused a rapid loss of hematopoietic progenitors. The numbers of lineage-restricted progenitors for the erythroid, myeloid, B-, and T-cell lineages were reduced. Loss of HBO1 resulted in an abnormally high rate of recruitment of quiescent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into the cell cycle. Cycling HSCs produced progenitors at the expense of self-renewal, which led to the exhaustion of the HSC pool. Mechanistically, genes important for HSC functions were downregulated in HSC-enriched cell populations after Hbo1 deletion, including genes essential for HSC quiescence and self-renewal, such as Mpl, Tek(Tie-2), Gfi1b, Egr1, Tal1(Scl), Gata2, Erg, Pbx1, Meis1, and Hox9, as well as genes important for multipotent progenitor cells and lineage-specific progenitor cells, such as Gata1. HBO1 was required for H3K14Ac through the genome and particularly at gene loci required for HSC quiescence and self-renewal. Our data indicate that HBO1 promotes the expression of a transcription factor network essential for HSC maintenance and self-renewal in adult hematopoiesis.