bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cooperated shuffled frog-leaping algorithm for distributed energy-efficient hybrid flow shop scheduling with fuzzy processing time
Authors: Cai Jingcao , Lei Deming 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDistributed hybrid flow shop scheduling problem (DHFSP) has attracted some attention; however, DHFSP with uncertainty and energy-related element is seldom studied. In this paper, distributed energy-efficient hybrid flow shop scheduling problem (DEHFSP) with fuzzy processing time is considered and a cooperated shuffled frog-leaping algorithm (CSFLA) is presented to optimize fuzzy makespan, total agreement index and fuzzy total energy consumption simultaneously. Iterated greedy, variable neighborhood search and global search are designed using problem-related features; memeplex evaluation based on three quality indices is presented, an effective cooperation process between the best memeplex and the worst memeplex is developed according to evaluation results and performed by exchanging search times and search ability, and an adaptive population shuffling is adopted to improve search efficiency. Extensive experiments are conducted and the computational results validate that CSFLA has promising advantages on solving the considered DEHFSP.
A branch-and-price algorithm for two-echelon electric vehicle routing problem
Authors: Wu Zhiguo , Zhang Juliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMotivated by express and e-commerce companies’ distribution practices, we study a two-echelon electric vehicle routing problem. In this problem, fuel-powered vehicles are used to transport goods from a depot to intermediate facilities (satellites) in the first echelon, whereas electric vehicles, which have limited driving ranges and need to be recharged at recharging stations, are used to transfer goods from the satellites to customers in the second echelon. We model the problem as an arc flow model and decompose the model into a master problem and pricing subproblem. We propose a branch-and-price algorithm to solve it. We use column generation to solve the restricted master problem to provide lower bounds. By enumerating all the subsets of the satellites, we generate feasible columns by solving the elementary shortest path problem with resource constraints in the first echelon. Then, we design a bidirectional labeling algorithm to generate feasible routes in the second echelon. Comparing the performance of our proposed algorithm with that of CPLEX in solving a set of small-sized instances, we demonstrate the former’s effectiveness. We further assess our algorithm in solving two sets of larger scale instances. We also examine the impacts of some model parameters on the solution.
Older adults report cancellation or avoidance of medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam
Authors: Schuster Noah A. , de Breij Sascha , Schaap Laura A. , van Schoor Natasja M. , Peters Mike J. L. , de Jongh Renate T. , Huisman Martijn , Hoogendijk Emiel O. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Delay of routine medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic may have serious consequences for the health and functioning of older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate whether older adults reported cancellation or avoidance of medical care during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to explore associations with health and socio-demographic characteristics.

Methods
Cross-sectional data of 880 older adults aged ≥ 62 years (mean age 73.4 years, 50.3% female) were used from the COVID-19 questionnaire of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, a cohort study among community-dwelling older adults in the Netherlands. Cancellation and avoidance of care were assessed by self-report, and covered questions on cancellation of primary care (general practitioner), cancellation of hospital outpatient care, and postponed help-seeking. Respondent characteristics included age, sex, educational level, loneliness, depression, anxiety, frailty, multimorbidity and information on quarantine.

Results
35% of the sample reported cancellations due to the COVID-19 situation, either initiated by the respondent (12%) or by healthcare professionals (29%). Postponed help-seeking was reported by 8% of the sample. Multimorbidity was associated with healthcare-initiated cancellations (primary care OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.09–3.50; hospital OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.28–2.74) and respondent-initiated hospital outpatient cancellations (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.04–4.12). Depressive symptoms were associated with postponed help-seeking (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.06–1.24).

Conclusion
About one third of the study sample reported cancellation or avoidance of medical care during the first months of the pandemic, and this was more common among those with multiple chronic conditions. How this impacts outcomes in the long term should be investigated in future research.
The Role of Operative Vaginal Delivery in Postpartum Sexual Dysfunction: MOODS - A Prospective Study
Authors: de Sousa Natacha Quintal , Borges Ana Catarina , Sarabando Rita , Bivar Leonor , Viana Johanna , Cerqueira Margarida , Miranda Alexandra , Reis Isabel , Nogueira-Silva Cristina 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundChildbirth brings many changes to women’s life and sexual health. The influence of operative vaginal delivery on sexual function has produced inconsistent results.AimTo evaluate the effects of mode of vaginal delivery (spontaneous or operative) in postpartum sexual function.MethodsDescriptive prospective study (MOODS- Maternal-neonatal Outcomes in Operative Vaginal Delivery) including 304 women who had a singleton term vaginal delivery (operative or spontaneous in a relation 2:1). Women were invited to answer a questionnaire at 3, 6 months and 1 year postpartum.Outcomes MeasurementA validated questionnaire was applied, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) Score, to evaluate effects of operative delivery on sexual health. Sexual dysfunction was defined by FSFI score &lt;26.55.RESULTS211 women answered at least one questionnaire. Overall rate of sexual dysfunction was 62%, 43% and 48% at 3, 6 and 12 months respectively. At 3 months, total FSFI score was significantly lower in operative vaginal delivery group (mean±SD, 21.3±8.6 vs 24.9±7.9, P = 0.015). Arousal (P = 0.028), orgasm (P = 0.029), satisfaction (P = 0.015) and pain (P = 0.007) FSFI domains were also significantly inferior. At this time, 44% women in spontaneous delivery group and 70% in operative delivery group had sexual dysfunction (P = 0.0002). At 6 months, there were no differences in FSFI scores according the type of delivery. At 12 months, total FSFI score was similar in both groups, but pain domain was significantly lower in operative delivery (P = 0.004). Considering type of instrument (Thierry’s Spatulas or Kiwi Vacuum), no differences were found regarding episiotomy, perineal trauma, obstetric anal sphincter injury or postpartum complications. FSFI scores did not differ between the two instruments at any time point. A logistic regression showed that, when controlled for perineal trauma, mode of delivery was independently associated with sexual dysfunction at 3 months (P = 0.02).Clinical ImplicationsClinicians should assess women’s sexual health during pregnancy and postpartum period in order to enhance their wellbeing.Strengths/LimitationsStrengths include its prospective design, standardized questionnaire and the new perspectives about a different obstetrical instrument (Thierry’s spatulas). Limitations include the absence of pre-pregnancy sexual function data and considerable drop-out rate.CONCLUSIONSexual dysfunction affects a great proportion of newly mothers and in postpartum period mode of delivery and perineal trauma seem to play an important role. Although there was a progressive reduction over time, prevalence of sexual dysfunction at 6 months and 1 year postpartum was still considerable. The type of obstetrical instrument does not seem to influence short or long-term sexual function.
Polar ice core organic matter signatures reveal past atmospheric carbon composition and spatial trends across ancient and modern timescales
Authors: D'Andrilli Juliana , McConnell Joseph R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present polar ice core organic matter (OM) fluorescence signatures to reconstruct ancient and modern atmospheric compositions and relate OM signals to past ecological changes. OM composition from three Arctic ice cores (Canada and Greenland) was characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy and compared to an Antarctic OM record. Diverse OM was measured in ancient and modern ice in both hemispheres and similarities existed across vast spatiotemporal scales. We determined three OM markers, indicating paleoclimate and modern carbon trends: (i) ‘humic-like’, detected in Holocene ice of more complex and aromatic character, supporting trends of higher plant influences in warmer climates, (ii) monolignol- and non-amino acid-like, describing simple, lignin-like OM precursors ubiquitous in the environment and the microbial degradation products of more complex materials from plants/soils, and (iii) amino acid- and tannin-like, indicating microbial degradation of simple OM chemical species, compared to the other markers. Concentration trends were inferred from fluorescence intensities of individual OM types and related to warmer temperatures. No indicators of freshly produced OM by microbes were detected; signals were interpreted as materials externally produced from the ice and transported to polar regions. This marks the first global comparison of atmospheric reconstructions from OM across vast spatiotemporal scales.
Triassic Foraminifera from the Great Bank of Guizhou, Nanpanjiang Basin, south China: taxonomic account, biostratigraphy, and implications for recovery from end-Permian mass extinction
Authors: Altıner Demir , Payne Jonathan L. , Lehrmann Daniel J. , Özkan-Altıner Sevinç , Kelley Brian M. , Summers Mindi M. , Yu Meiyi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractForaminifera are important components of tropical marine benthic ecosystems and their recovery pattern from the end-Permian mass extinction can yield insights into the Mesozoic history of this group. Here we report the calcareous and agglutinated foraminifera recovered from five measured stratigraphic sections on the Great Bank of Guizhou, an uppermost Permian to Upper Triassic isolated carbonate platform in the Nanpanjiang Basin, south China. The material contains >100 Triassic species, including three that are newly described (Arenovidalina weiin. sp.,Meandrospira?enosin. sp., andSpinoendotebanella lehrmannin. gen., n. sp.), ranging from Griesbachian (Induan) to Cordevolian (Carnian) age. The species belong to the classes Miliolata, Textulariata, Fusulinata, Nodosariata, and to an unknown class housing all aragonitic forms of the orders Involutinida and Robertinida. Based on previously established conodont zones and carbon isotope chemostratigraphy, the Griesbachian (early Induan) through Illyrian (late Anisian) interval has been subdivided into 12 foraminiferal zones and two unnamed intervals devoid of foraminifera. Following the extinction at the Permian-Triassic boundary, habitable ecological niches of Griesbachian age were invaded by disaster taxa that subsequently became extinct during the Dienerian (late Induan) and left no younger descendants. The disaster taxa were replaced by Lazarus taxa with Permian origins, which were then decimated by the Smithian-Spathian (mid-Olenekian) boundary crisis. The tempo of recovery appears to have been modulated by environmental changes during the Griesbachian through Smithian that involved both climate change and expansion of anoxic ocean bottom waters. Uninterrupted and lasting recovery of benthic foraminifera did not begin until the Spathian.UUID:http://zoobank.org/2a6e9061-b163-402a-9098-8765a80576b3
Adult children's education and trajectories of episodic memory among older parents in the United States of America
Authors: Pai Manacy , Lu Wentian , Xue Baowen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between adult children's education and older parents’ cognitive health, and the extent to which this relationship is moderated by parents’ own socio-economic and marital statuses. Data using Waves 5 (2000) to 13 (2016) are drawn from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative panel survey of individuals age 50 and above in the United States of America (USA). Older parents’ cognitive functioning is measured using episodic memory from Waves 5–13. Adult children's education is measured using years of schooling, on average, for all adult children of a respondent. Analyses based on multilevel linear growth curve modelling reveal that parents with well-educated adult children report higher memory score over time compared to their counterparts whose children are not as well-educated. We also find that the positive effect of children's education on parents’ cognitive health is moderated by parents’ own education, though not by their income, occupation or marital status. Our work contributes to the growing body of research on the ‘upward’ flow of resources model that assesses the ways in which personal and social assets of the younger generation shape the health and wellbeing of the older generation. Our findings are particularly relevant to the USA given the enduring linkage between socio-economic status and health, and the limited social and economic protection for those of lower social status.
Excess mortality and life-years lost in people with bipolar disorder: an 11-year population-based cohort study
Authors: Chan J. K. N. , Wong C. S. M. , Yung N. C. L. , Chen E. Y. H. , Chang W. C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Aims
Bipolar disorder is associated with premature mortality, but evidence is mostly derived from Western countries. There has been no research evaluating shortened lifespan in bipolar disorder using life-years lost (LYLs), which is a recently developed mortality metric taking into account illness onset for life expectancy estimation. The current study aimed to examine the extent of premature mortality in bipolar disorder patients relative to the general population in Hong Kong (HK) in terms of standardised mortality ratio (SMR) and excess LYLs, and changes of mortality rate over time.

Methods
This population-based cohort study investigated excess mortality in 12 556 bipolar disorder patients between 2008 and 2018, by estimating all-cause and cause-specific SMRs, and LYLs. Trends in annual SMRs over the 11-year study period were assessed. Study data were retrieved from a territory-wide medical-record database of HK public healthcare services.

Results
Patients had higher all-cause [SMR: 2.60 (95% CI: 2.45–2.76)], natural-cause [SMR: 1.90 (95% CI: 1.76–2.05)] and unnatural-cause [SMR: 8.63 (95% CI: 7.34–10.03)] mortality rates than the general population. Respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancers accounted for the majority of deaths. Men and women with bipolar disorder had 6.78 (95% CI: 6.00–7.84) years and 7.35 (95% CI: 6.75–8.06) years of excess LYLs, respectively. The overall mortality gap remained similar over time, albeit slightly improved in men with bipolar disorder.

Conclusions
Bipolar disorder is associated with increased premature mortality and substantially reduced lifespan in a predominantly Chinese population, with excess deaths mainly attributed to natural causes. Persistent mortality gap underscores an urgent need for targeted interventions to improve physical health of patients with bipolar disorder.
How Humorous Posts Influence Engagement With Political Posts on	Social Media
Authors: Heiss Raffael 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Individuals frequently process political posts on social media in the context of humorous, non-political posts, which research suggests may stimulate or dampen their engagement with the political posts depending on their political involvement. To clarify that claim, I conducted a 2 × 2 experiment ( N = 286) in which individuals viewed political posts situated among either humorous or non-humorous posts, all presented as video-recorded posts on a social media newsfeed, in a condition of either low or high political involvement. Among the results, the humorous posts directly boosted general attention, the elaboration of political posts, and the acquisition of political knowledge in the low political involvement group and stimulated political participation in the high political involvement group. Further analyses revealed that, in the low involvement group, increased attention and the elaboration of the posts may have mediated humor’s effect on the acquisition of political knowledge. Meanwhile, its positive effect on participation in the high involvement group occurred independently from general attention and the elaboration of the posts. Altogether, the findings suggest that humorous social media contexts may benefit the acquisition of political knowledge and political participation.
Simultaneous CO2 and O2 Supersaturation in Waters of Southern Patagonia? The Importance of Evaluating Overall Carbonate System Parameters Uncertainty and External Consistency. A Comment to Vargas et al., 2018
Authors: Torres Rodrigo , Alarcón Emilio , Reid Brian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractVargas and collaborators (Vargas et al., 2018), therein V2018, reported measurements of pH, total alkalinity (AT), dissolved inorganic carbon (CT), dissolved oxygen (DO) and other hydrographic variables along a portion of the Strait of Magellan and associated fjords during the spring of 2010. Using the measured values of AT and pH to calculate the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), they showed that DO supersaturated waters in the upper 50 m depth were often associated with pCO2 higher than atmospheric CO2 levels. Here we show that this anomalous pattern arises because V2018′s carbonate system parameters were apparently incorrectly calculated, resulting in positively biased pCO2 values. AT measurements in this layer were often higher than the marine end‐member, which could indicate an additional source of bias. Biased carbonate system parameters used by V2018 imply a sub‐estimation of the capacity of CO2 uptake, with important consequences for local capacity to modulate the potential deleterious effects of freshening and ocean acidification on fjord biota. The critical analysis of the global sources of uncertainty in carbonate‐system parameters, and evaluation of internal and external consistency (i.e., with complementary hydrographic information or with previous reports), are necessary to detect bias, and generate data with sufficient quality to study the effect of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems (GOA‐ON, 2019).
Seasonal Variation of Wet Deposition of Black Carbon at Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard
Authors: Mori Tatsuhiro , Kondo Yutaka , Ohata Sho , Goto‐Azuma Kumiko , Fukuda Kaori , Ogawa‐Tsukagawa Yoshimi , Moteki Nobuhiro , Yoshida Atsushi , Koike Makoto , Sinha P. R. , Oshima Naga , Matsui Hitoshi , Tobo Yutaka , Yabuki Masanori , Aas Wenche 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBlack carbon (BC) aerosol deposited in and onto Arctic snow increases the snow's absorption of solar radiation and accelerates snowmelt. Concentrations of BC in the Arctic atmosphere and snow are controlled by wet deposition; however, details of this process are poorly understood owing to the scarcity of time‐resolved measurements of BC in hydrometeors. We measured mass concentrations of BC in hydrometeors (CMBC) and in air (MBC) with 16% and 15% accuracies, respectively, at Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard during 2012–2019. Median monthly MBC and CMBC values showed similar seasonal variations, being high in winter‐spring and low in summer. Median monthly BC wet deposition mass flux (FMBC) was highest in winter and lowest in summer, associated with seasonal patterns of CMBC and precipitation. Seasonally averaged BC size distributions in hydrometeors were similar except for summer. Measurements of MBC and CMBC in spring 2017 showed a size‐independent removal efficiency, indicating that BC‐containing particles were efficiently activated into cloud droplets. These observations at Ny‐Ålesund were compared with observations at Barrow, Alaska, during 2013–2017. The near‐surface MBC at Ny‐Ålesund and Barrow had similar seasonal patterns; however, the two sites differed in CMBC and FMBC. In summer, CMBC was low at Ny‐Ålesund but moderate at Barrow, likely reflecting differences in MBC in the lower troposphere. Seasonally averaged BC size distributions in hydrometeors were similar at both sites, suggesting that average BC size distributions are similar in the Arctic lower troposphere. The efficiency of BC removal tends to be size‐independent during transport, leading to the observed similarity.
A Machine Learning Approach to Objective Identification of Dust in Satellite Imagery
Authors: Berndt E. B. , Elmer N. J. , Junod R. A. , Fuell K. K. , Harkema S. S. , Burke A. R. , Feemster C. M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAirborne dust has broad adverse effects on human activity, including aviation, human health, and agriculture. Remote sensing observations are used to detect dust and aerosols in the atmosphere using long established techniques. False color Red‐Green‐Blue (RGB) imagery using band differences sensitive to dust absorption (Dust RGB) is currently used operationally to assist forecasters and decision‐makers in identifying dust at night, but there are still limitations, subjectivity, and nuances to image interpretation making night‐time dust identification difficult even for experts. This study applies machine learning to the problem of night‐time dust detection with a simple random forest (RF) model using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite‐16 (GOES‐16) Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) infrared imagery, band differences sensitive to dust absorption, and Dust RGB color components as inputs to the model. The RF model achieves an Area‐Under‐Curve (AUC) of 0.97 with a standard deviation of 0.04 for dust cases. For images with dust present, the model correctly labels 85% of dust pixels and 99.96% of no‐dust pixels for all dust images in the validation data set. The addition of a single null case to the training data set drastically reduces error in labeling no‐dust pixels as dust from 45% to 14.5%. Application of the machine learning model to the April 13–14, 2019 dust event demonstrates the ability of the model to identify dust during night‐time hours when visual dust detection is limited by the cooling ground surface characteristics.