bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurship education in Brazil: Brazilian and Scottish approaches to policy and provision in vocational education
Authors: Stadler Adriano , Alberton Anete , Smith Anne M.J. 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis paper examines entrepreneurship education (EE) in Brazil and Scotland and unpacks convergent and divergent practices in vocational education (VE). The authors evaluate access to EE in VE and suggest and how it might be advanced in Brazil.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA); interpretative analysis of interviewee experiences with 12 educationalists, in management and academic roles, from two Brazilian and two Scottish VE institutions, contextual findings inform advances.FindingsIn Scotland, there is a well-defined entrepreneurial ecosystem where government policy and partners support and monitor provision of and accessibility to EE. In Brazil, government does not regulate policy provision of EE, and there is no defined entrepreneurial ecosystem of partners. IPA enabled the authors to examine divergent entrepreneurial education provision and evaluate accessibility to EE in Brazil.Research limitations/implicationsImplications include ways to advance educational inclusivity and accessibility for VE students in Brazil and a call to address availability through policy is underpinned by empirical data. Contextual characteristics of the study might be considered limiting but address a broad call to contribute to EE in VE settings.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study equip educationalists with new knowledge about advancing EE provision and delivery in VE, which in turn supports inclusivity.Originality/valueThe authors contribute directly to an agenda that will create impact for young Brazilians through accessible EE models that place EE in VE at the forefront of social change in Brazil.
Comparative study on intelligent education research among countries based on bibliographic coupling analysis
Authors: Ma Chao , Xu Qiaoyun , Li Baiyang 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe continuous development of information technology leads to intelligent education research. In the context of internationalisation, the study aims to understand the relevant research status worldwide, research similarities and differences that need to be discovered, and research frontiers that need to be explored.Design/methodology/approachWeb of Science (WoS) core collection was used as the data source, descriptive statistical analysis, geographic data visualisation and coupling analysis are used to reveal coupling relationships, present a cooperative situation and discover research frontiers.FindingsIntelligent education research has been widely carried out in countries around the world, and there is extensive scientific research cooperation. According to coupling analysis results, the coupling strength of bibliographic between countries has been continuously improved, while the coupling strength of keywords has remained balanced, and there is standardisation and diversity of research.Research limitations/implicationsThe weakness of the research lies in the limitations of the data sources. Important research achievements on a certain topic in many non-English speaking countries are usually published in native journals. In the future research direction, more coupling analysis objects can be carried out, such as focussing on authors and institutions.Practical implicationsThrough the coupling analysis of country bibliographic and keywords, it reveals the consistency and divergence of intelligent education research between different countries at different time spans.Originality/valueDesign and implement country bibliographic coupling (CBC) and country keyword coupling (CKC) strength indicators to calculate the strength of coupling between countries.
Impact assessment indicators for the UK Web Archive
Authors: Fukuyama Julie , Tanner Simon 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study to examine, determine and propose the optimal approach to develop impact assessment indicators for the UK Web Archive.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses the existing literature on impact assessment frameworks for digital resources and the types of impact in related fields to set an approach to develop an impact assessment plan. Primarily drawing from the Balanced Value Impact Model, the approach consists of three stages: context setting, indicator development and indicator evaluation.FindingsThe development of a set of potential impact assessment indicators for the UK Web Archive shows not only an optimal approach for the development but also recommendations for web archiving organisations.Research limitations/implicationsThe research did not carry out follow-up interviews regarding the feedback from UK Web Archive's staff. Adoption of the new set of indicators will further this development.Practical implicationsThe staff's duties influence their prioritisation of the indicators, so discussions among partners will be helpful in recognising different perceptions, unnoticed strengths and potential values. A progressive accumulation of assessment and improvements from the current state and small regular evaluations will be also helpful to demonstrate the impact and value to the stakeholders in the future.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a set of 13 potential indicators for the UK Web Archive of which functionality was checked against set quality criteria and tested through semi-structured interviews and survey submissions with the UK Web Archive staff members.
The ethics of service work in a neoliberal healthcare context: doing embodied and “dirty” emotional labor
Authors: Whiley Lilith Arevshatian , Grandy Gina 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe authors explore how service workers negotiate emotional laboring with “dirty” emotions while trying to meet the demands of neoliberal healthcare. In doing so, the authors theorize emotional labor in the context of healthcare as a type of embodied and emotional “dirty” work.Design/methodology/approachThe authors apply interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to their data collected from National Health Service (NHS) workers in the United Kingdom (UK).FindingsThe authors’ data show that healthcare service workers absorb, contain and quarantine emotional “dirt”, thereby protecting their organization at a cost to their own well-being. Workers also perform embodied practices to try to absolve themselves of their “dirty” labor.Originality/valueThe authors extend research on emotional “dirty” work and theorize that emotional labor can also be conceptualized as “dirty” work. Further, the authors show that emotionally laboring with “dirty” emotions is an embodied phenomenon, which involves workers absorbing and containing patients' emotional “dirt” to protect the institution (at the expense of their well-being).
A fructose receptor gene influences development and feed intake in Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Ai Dong , Dong Chenxi , Yang Bin , Yu Caihong , Wang Guirong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGustatory receptors (GRs) are critical for multiple life activities of insects. Owing to the rapid development of genome and transcriptome sequencing, numerous insect GRs have been identified. However, the expression patterns and functions of these receptors are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the expression pattern of GRs in Helicoverpa armigera and found that the fructose receptor HarmGR9 was highly expressed in the foregut and abdomen. The function of HarmGR9 was identified using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) system. Knockout of the HarmGR9 gene shortened the developmental period of the larval stages and increased food consumption in both larvae and adults. This study revealed the tissue distribution of sugar‐sense‐related receptors in H. armigera and thereby expanded the understanding of insect feeding regulation.
Dynastic Law or the Will of the Emperor: On the Problem of the Succession to the Throne in Eighteenth‐Century Russia
Authors: Marasinova Elena 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe article is devoted to one of the most painful problems encountered by any absolute monarchy – the problem of the transfer of power. Taking the example offered by eighteenth‐century Russian history, the author explores the contradiction between the need to frame a law that would strictly regulate the rules of succession to the throne and the desire of the reigning emperor to identify the law with his own personal will and his exclusive prerogative of appointing a successor. This contradiction was most clearly expressed in the draft papers of Catherine II, who, while having a clear understanding of the full force of the ‘fundamental’ rules that work to stabilise society, simultaneously did not regard her son as a worthy successor of her policy. The Empress's views are investigated on the basis of archival sources, several of which are introduced into academic circulation here for the first time, and are evaluated in the historical perspective of their relationship to the 1722 Charter on succession to the throne in previous reigns, a period that has come to be known in historiography as the ‘era of palace coups’. The question of the extent of the power of the ruling monarch is examined as part of the broader problem of the essence of autocracy.
Food composition can influence how much alcohol your animal model drinks: A mini‐review about the role of isoflavones
Authors: Eduardo P M C , Abrahao K P 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStandard laboratory diets used have similar concentrations of proteins, carbohydrates and fat, but the concentration of some micronutrients can vary considerably. For example, the concentration of isoflavones can vary between 20 mg and 600 mg per gram of diet. Exposure to different concentrations of isoflavones interacts with alcohol (EtOH) intake, thereby influencing the results of alcohol research. In this mini‐review, we describe correlations between isoflavone concentrations and alcohol intake based on data from previously published work. Although the administration of low doses of isoflavones can decrease alcohol intake in rats, there is a positive correlation between the isoflavone content in diets and alcohol intake in mice. This interaction seems to depend on the dose, route of administration, and time of exposure to isoflavones and may be related to specific neurobiological mechanisms. The literature also indicates that isoflavones can interact with some of alcohol's molecular targets and with neural pathways crucial to the alcohol reward process. Given these findings, more attention should be given to the different types of laboratory diets used in alcohol studies to allow better comparison and replication of animal research.
A polygenic approach to the association between smoking and schizophrenia
Authors: Al‐Soufi Laila , Martorell Lourdes , Moltó M.Dolores , González‐Peñas Javier , García‐Portilla Ma Paz , Arrojo Manuel , Rivero Olga , Gutiérrez‐Zotes Alfonso , Nácher Juan , Muntané Gerard , Paz Eduardo , Páramo Mario , Bobes Julio , Arango Celso , Sanjuan Julio , Vilella Elisabet , Costas Javier 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSmoking prevalence in schizophrenia is considerably larger than in general population, playing an important role in early mortality. We compared the polygenic contribution to smoking in schizophrenic patients and controls to assess if genetic factors may explain the different prevalence. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for smoking initiation and four genetically correlated traits were calculated in 1108 schizophrenic patients (64.4% smokers) and 1584 controls (31.1% smokers). PRSs for smoking initiation, educational attainment, body mass index and age at first birth were associated with smoking in patients and controls, explaining a similar percentage of variance in both groups. Attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) PRS was associated with smoking only in schizophrenia. This association remained significant after adjustment by psychiatric cross‐disorder PRS. A PRS combining all the traits was more explanative than smoking initiation PRS alone, indicating that genetic susceptibility to the other traits plays an additional role in smoking behaviour. Smoking initiation PRS was also associated with schizophrenia in the whole sample, but the significance was lost after adjustment for smoking status. This same pattern was observed in the analysis of specific SNPs at the CHRNA5–CHRNA3–CHRNB4 cluster associated with both traits. Overall, the results indicate that the same genetic factors are involved in smoking susceptibility in schizophrenia and in general population and are compatible with smoking acting, directly or indirectly, as a risk factor for schizophrenia that contributes to the high prevalence of smoking in these patients. The contrasting results for ADHD PRS may be related to higher ADHD symptomatology in schizophrenic patients.
Expanding the clinico‐molecular spectrum of Angelman syndrome phenotype with the GABRG3 gene: Evidence from methylation and sequencing studies
Authors: Iyer Gayatri R. , Utage Prashant , Devi Radha Rama , Vattam Kiran Kumar , Hasan Qurratulain 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAngelman syndrome (AS) (OMIM#105830) is an imprinting disorder caused due to alterations in the maternal chr 15q11‐13 region. Majority of cases can be diagnosed by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (MS‐PCR) of SNRPN gene and by UBE3A sequencing, however, about 10% of cases with AS phenotype remain undiagnosed. Differential diagnoses of AS can be detected by chromosomal microarray (CMA) and clinical exome sequencing (CES). In this study, 30 cases with AS features were evaluated by MS‐PCR, CMA, and CES. SNRPN MS‐PCR confirmed AS in eight (26%), CMA and CES diagnosed nine (30%) cases. One case was identified with a novel variant c.1125C > T in GABRG3, located at 15q12 region, which is currently not associated with any syndrome. The GABRG3 gene is also speculated to be imprinted, a MS‐PCR assay was designed to confirm its differential parental methylation status. This assay identified another case with altered GABRG3 methylation. The two cases with GABRG3 alteration—sequence change and methylation indicate that GABRG3 may be associated with a subtype of AS or a new related syndrome. Performing GABRG3 MS‐PCR and sequencing of a larger group of patients with AS phenotype and normal SNPRN and UBE3A status will help in establishing exact genotype—phenotype correlation.
Perinatal outcome of dichorionic and monochorionic‐diamniotic Finnish twins: a historical cohort study
Authors: Rissanen Annu‐Riikka S. , Gissler Mika , Nupponen Irmeli K. , Nuutila Mika E. , Jernman Riina M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionAlthough the perinatal mortality of monochorionic twins has been reported to be higher, the role of chorionicity is debated and data from Finland are still lacking. To examine the effect of chorionicity on the main outcome measures, perinatal and neonatal mortality and neonatal morbidity of Finnish twins, a comprehensive population‐based historical cohort study was performed at Helsinki University Hospitals.Material and methodsAll 1034 dichorionic and monochorionic‐diamniotic twin pregnancies managed at Helsinki University Hospital area during 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018 were collected from patient databases. Information on chorionicity was retrieved from ultrasound reports and all relevant clinical information from patient records. Differences in perinatal and neonatal mortality and neonatal morbidity were analyzed by performing group comparisons between the twins and chorionicity. The role of chorionicity was also assessed in logistic regression analyses.ResultsThere were 1034 dichorionic‐diamniotic (DCDA, n = 789, 76.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 73.6–78.9) and monochorionic‐diamniotic (MCDA, n = 245, 23.7%, 95% CI 21.4–26.0) twin pregnancies during the studied years. Most (n = 580, 56.1%, 95% CI 52.8–59.2) twins were born at term, but 151 (61.6%, 95% CI 55.8–67.3) of MCDA twins were preterm and had lower birthweight and Apgar scores and higher risk of death of one twin. Perinatal and neonatal mortality did not differ between twins A and B, but the immediate outcome of twin B was worse, with lower arterial pH and Apgar scores and increased need of neonatal intensive care unit treatment.ConclusionsChorionicity contributes to the perinatal and neonatal outcome in favor of dichorionic twins. This disadvantage of MCDA twinning is likely explained by earlier gestational age at birth and inequal placental sharing. Irrespective of chorionicity, twin B faces more complications.
Novel genetic variants in MAPT and alterations in tau phosphorylation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis post‐mortem motor cortex and cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Petrozziello Tiziana , Amaral Ana C. , Dujardin Simon , Farhan Sali M. K. , Chan James , Trombetta Bianca A. , Kivisäkk Pia , Mills Alexandra N. , Bordt Evan A. , Kim Spencer E. , Dooley Patrick M. , Commins Caitlin , Connors Theresa R. , Oakley Derek H. , Ghosal Anubrata , Gomez‐Isla Teresa , Hyman Bradley T. , Arnold Steven E. , Spires‐Jones Tara , Cudkowicz Merit E. , Berry James D. , Sadri‐Vakili Ghazaleh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough the molecular mechanisms underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are not yet fully understood, several studies report alterations in tau phosphorylation in both sporadic and familial ALS. Recently, we have demonstrated that phosphorylated tau at S396 (pTau‐S396) is mislocalized to synapses in ALS motor cortex (mCTX) and contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that while there was no overall increase in total tau, pTau‐S396, and pTau‐S404 in ALS post‐mortem mCTX, total tau and pTau‐S396 were increased in C9ORF72‐ALS. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in pTau‐T181 in ALS mCTX compared controls. Furthermore, we leveraged the ALS Knowledge Portal and Project MinE data sets and identified ALS‐specific genetic variants across MAPT, the gene encoding tau. Lastly, assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples revealed a significant increase in total tau levels in bulbar‐onset ALS together with a decrease in CSF pTau‐T181:tau ratio in all ALS samples, as reported previously. While increases in CSF tau levels correlated with a faster disease progression as measured by the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS‐R), decreases in CSF pTau‐T181:tau ratio correlated with a slower disease progression, suggesting that CSF total tau and pTau‐T181 ratio may serve as biomarkers of disease in ALS. Our findings highlight the potential role of pTau‐T181 in ALS, as decreases in CSF pTau‐T181:tau ratio may reflect the significant decrease in pTau‐T181 in post‐mortem mCTX. Taken together, these results indicate that tau phosphorylation is altered in ALS post‐mortem mCTX as well as in CSF and, importantly, the newly described pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants identified in MAPT in this study are adjacent to T181 and S396 phosphorylation sites further highlighting the potential role of these tau functional domains in ALS.
Trick or treat? Pollinator attraction in Vanilla pompona (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Watteyn Charlotte , Scaccabarozzi Daniela , Muys Bart , Van Der Schueren Nele , Van Meerbeek Koenraad , Guizar Amador Maria F. , Ackerman James D. , Cedeño Fonseca Marco V. , Chinchilla Alvarado Isler F. , Reubens Bert , Pillco Huarcaya Ruthmery , Cozzolino Salvatore , Karremans Adam P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNatural pollination of Vanilla species remains poorly understood. Our research aimed at better understanding the pollinator attraction mechanism of the Neotropical species Vanilla pompona. Based on our results, we hypothesize that the identified pollinator Eulaema cingulata is attracted via a dual mechanism combining floral fragrance rewards and food deception.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Being versus appearing smart: Children’s developing intuitions about how reputational motives guide behavior
Authors: Good Kayla , Shaw Alex 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChildren engage in reputation management to appear favorably to others. The present studies explore when children use reputational motives to predict others’ behavior. Four‐ to 9‐year‐old children (N = 576; 53% female; approximately 60% White) heard stories about two kids: one who cares about being competent, and one who cares about appearing competent. Across five studies, with age, children predicted the reputationally motivated child would be more likely to lie to cover up failure (OR = 1.97) but less likely to seek help in public (vs. private; OR = 0.53) or downplay success (OR = 0.66). With age, children also liked this character less (OR = 0.56). Implications of these findings for children's reputation management and achievement motivation are discussed.
Surgical evaluation in children <3 years of age with drug‐resistant epilepsy: Patient characteristics, diagnostic utilization, and potential for treatment delays
Authors: Perry Michael Scott , Shandley Sabrina , Perelman Max , Singh Rani K. , Wong‐Kisiel Lily , Sullivan Joseph , Gonzalez‐Giraldo Ernesto , Romanowski Erin Fedak , McNamara Nancy A. , Marashly Ahmad , Ostendorf Adam P. , Alexander Allyson , Eschbach Krista , Bolton Jeffrey , Wolf Steven , McGoldrick Patricia , Depositario‐Cabacar Dewi F. , Ciliberto Michael A. , Gedela Satyanarayana , Sannagowdara Kumar , Karia Samir , Shrey Daniel W. , Tatachar Priya , Nangia Srishti , Grinspan Zachary , Reddy Shilpa B. , Shital Patel , Coryell Jason 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveDrug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) occurs at higher rates in children <3 years old. Epilepsy surgery is effective, but rarely utilized in young children despite developmental benefits of early seizure freedom. The present study aims to identify unique patient characteristics and evaluation strategies in children <3 years old who undergo epilepsy surgery evaluation as a means to assess contributors and potential solutions to health care disparities in this group.MethodsThe Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium Epilepsy Surgery Database, a multicentered, cross‐sectional collaboration of 21 US pediatric epilepsy centers, collects prospective data on children <18 years of age referred for epilepsy surgery evaluation. We compared patient characteristics, diagnostic utilization, and surgical treatment between children <3 years old and those older undergoing initial presurgical evaluation. We evaluated patient characteristics leading to delayed referral (>1 year) after DRE diagnosis in the very young.ResultsThe cohort included 437 children, of whom 71 (16%) were <3 years of age at referral. Children evaluated before the age of 3 years more commonly had abnormal neurological examinations (p = .002) and daily seizures (p = .001). At least one ancillary test was used in 44% of evaluations. Fifty‐nine percent were seizure‐free following surgery (n = 34), with 35% undergoing limited focal resections. Children with delayed referrals more often had focal aware (p < .001) seizures and recommendation for palliative surgeries (p < .001).SignificanceThere are relatively few studies of epilepsy surgery in the very young. Surgery is effective, but may be disproportionally offered to those with severe presentations. Relatively low utilization of ancillary testing may contribute to reduced surgical therapy for those without evident lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. Despite this, a sizeable portion of patients have favorable outcome after focal epilepsy surgery resections.