bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health
Authors: Okulov E. A. , Dotsenko A. V. , Dyakonova E. I. , Yatsyk S. P. , Yatsyk S. P. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract Introduction. Anorectal malformations are one of the most numerous groups of proctologic pathology in children. The incidence is 1 per 5,000 live births. Perineal ultrasound, distal colostography, and MRI of the pelvic organs and sacrococcygeal region are used to clarify the anatomico-topographic features of the malformation and identify concomitant malformations (presacral masses, distal spinal cord pathology). This article presents a clinical case of surgical treatment of an 11-year-old girl who underwent primary surgery for anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistula in infancy. In the postoperative period for 10 years, the parents practically did not carry out rehabilitation therapy. These factors led to persistent decompensation of the lower intestine in the form of a giant megarectum, which required repeated anorectoplasty with resection of pathologically dilated parts of the intestinal tube. The article presents description of the repeated surgery with intraoperative electromyoidentification of the perineal muscles, data of follow-up 9 months after the repeated anorectoplasty with instrumental diagnostic methods (irrigography, functional study of the closing apparatus of the rectum).Discussion. This clinical observation illustrates complications following surgical treatment of anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistula. Lack of intraoperative electromyoidentification of the muscles during primary anorectoplasty often resulted in ectopia of the neoanus relative to the center of the perineal muscle center. This circumstance was one of the causes of persistent chronic constipation in the postoperative period.Conclusion. The use of electromyostimulation during primary proctoplasty for reliable determination of the sphincter-levator complex topography is mandatory. Long sequential rehabilitation in the postoperative period including neoanus bougienage, provision of regular full defecation, physiotherapeutic treatment, as well as regular follow-up examination in the in-patient department is also an integral part of the treatment.
Differential diagnosis of infectious watery diarrhea (view from time immemorial to the present). Modern approaches to rehydration
Authors: Zakharova I. N. , Berezhnaya I. V. , Kamilova A. T. , Dmitrieva D. K. , Akhmedova D. I. 
Published: August 2021

Today, as in ancient times, diarrhea (loss of water and electrolytes along with stool) accompanies many pathological conditions in humans. The pathophysiology of various types of diarrhea has been studied, which made it possible to optimize therapeutic approaches and save the lives of many people. The most dangerous conditions occur in young patients with osmotic and exudative types of diarrhea, as they result in exicosis within a short time. In arriving at a diagnosis, rehydration therapy should be started as soon as possible. The article presents the historical aspects associated with the global pandemics of cholera. The history of the creation of solutions for intravenous and oral rehydration is covered. The authors presented tables for calculating fluid losses and the required volume of solutions for oral or parenteral administration. The modern requirements for rehydration solutions and the principles of rehydration in children are presented. Oral rehydration is particularly problematic for young children due to the limited range of drugs and requirements for the composition of solutions used in pediatrics. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization and ESPGHAN, clinical recommendations of the Russian Federation, low-osmolar solutions should be used. When complex solutions containing probiotic and zinc are used, the therapy compliance increases. A rehydration solution, which contains a weighted amount of salt for the preparation of a low-osmolar solution, as well as the probiotic L. reuteri DSM 17938 at least 1 billion of viable bacteria and zinc sulphate 0.004 g is one of the latest solutions. The results of studies of this solution are provided.
Preventive vaccination compliance among medical students and pediatricians during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dmitriev A. V. , Fedinа N. V. , Tkachenko T. G. , Gudkov R. A. , Petrova V. I. , Zaplatnikov А. L. 
Published: August 2021

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has become a strength test for the national healthcare systems and medical professional communities. The pandemic gave a revealing insight into the provision of resuscitation care, a shortage of personnel and protective equipment, and the lack of effective drugs to treat a novel, poorly studied infection. Objective. To identify the attitude towards immunoprophylaxis in general and against the coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in particular among medical students and pediatricians and to assess the dynamics of compliance to vaccination in these groups. Materials and methods. The survey was conducted among the 5-6-year students of the medical and pediatric faculties of the Ryazan State Medical University (RSMU) of the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2017 and 2021, the groups of students included 250 and 225 people, respectively. The children’s polyclinic pediatrician groups included 45 and 60 people in 2017 and 2021, respectively. The survey was conducted anonymously, face-to-face, and without compulsion. The identical questionnaires asked students 13 questions and pediatricians 10 questions with suggested response options. Results and discussion. The percentage of students who correctly named the number of vaccine preventable diseases in the National Immunisation Schedule has significantly decreased; the number of students who were not aware of the availability of the chickenpox vaccine has increased by 1.9 times. In 2021, the number of students giving priority to domestic vaccines decreased by 2.3 times, and the number of those choosing imported drugs as better and safer ones has increased by 1.5 times. In 2021, the number of senior students who were vaccinated against influenza doubled as compared to 2017. At the same time, the students agreed to recommend their patients to be vaccinated against influenza 1.4 times more often. During the 2021 pediatrician survey, the number of respondents, who preferred imported vaccines as better and safer ones, increased by 4 times, and the number of domestic vaccine advocates decreased by 1.8 times. In addition, the number of pediatricians who did not decide on this issue has increased by 9.8 times. Сonclusion. The results of the survey showed that there is still a lack of compliance to vaccine prophylaxis in certain groups of the professional medical community. The student cohort showed a decrease in knowledge and confidence in the vaccine prophylaxis. Among practitioners, there has been a positive trend towards an increase in the percentage of pediatricians, who considered it expedient to vaccinate children with chronic pathology.
Congenital malformations and minor anomalies in newborns depending on the type of resolved infertility and health of the parents
Authors: Soboleva M. K. , Кinsht D. A. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The use of sisted reproductive technologies has had sufficient experience to reduce the risks associated with the technologies themselves. But pediatricians remain concerned about the health of children born from induced pregnancies because of the influence of the parents’ initial health on perinatal outcomes. Congenital malformations remain socially significant, the risk of which may be higher for children from induced pregnancy.Objective: to evaluate the effect of initial parental health and the methods of assisted reproductive technology used on the formation of congenital malformations and minor anomalies in children from singleton induced pregnancies.Materials and Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data on live-born children from singleton induced pregnancy born at the Avicenna Medical Center (Novosibirsk) over the period from 2007 to 2017 (n = 409). The reproductive, somatic, and infectious history of the parents and the methods of assisted reproductive technology used were assessed. Parental fertility treatment up to childbirth was performed in the same center, which ensured complete continuity of follow-up. Differences between the groups of children from SIP with and without congenital anomalies were determined using Pearson’s chi-squared test.Results and discussion. We found that children with congenital malformations and minor anomalies were more often born as a result of subsequent pregnancies; thawed embryos transferred at the blastocyst stage were used in assisted reproductive technology programs (p < 0.05); exacerbations of herpes type 2 infection were diagnosed during the current pregnancy (p < 0.05). In the group of children with only CM, the parents had a longer history of infertility (8.3 ± 1.2) years; pregnancy was achieved by transferring fresh embryos at the blastocyst stage (in 68.2% of cases). In the group of children without congenital malformations and minor anomalies, the maternal infectious history was more severe: there were significantly more frequent cases of urogenital infections (p < 0.05) and exacerbations of herpes simplex virus type 1 during pregnancy (p < 0.05).Conclusion. A set of measures aimed at an earlier solution of the infertility problem is necessary for the primary prevention of congenital abnormalities associated with the age and duration of parental infertility.
Therapy of rhinosinusitis in childhood
Authors: Santalova G. V. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the problem of rhinosinusitis in different ages is due to their high prevalence. The article presents information with approaches of the treatment rhinosinusitis in children, which allow preventing irreversible changes in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The importance of eliminating dysregulation in biological networks underlying the disease is noted. Such capabilities are possessed by means of bioregulatory medicine.Aim of the study: To carry out a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of chronic rhinosinusitis treatment with Euphorbium compositum and conventional methods of therapy in children.Materials and methods: We conducted retro- and prospective study in children’s polyclinic No. 1 and homeopathic center “Homeopathic medicine” in Samara. There were 66 children aged 7 to 12 years old diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis under observation. The children were observed in two groups for 2 years. Results. In chronic sinusitis within 2 weeks after the beginning of the course of therapy significant symptomatic improvement was registered in 75.8% of the patients receiving Euforbium compositum and in 71.3% of the patients receiving conventional medical therapy. During the clinical observations there was not a single case of adverse effects against the background of Euphorbium compositum therapy, the patients’ general condition and nasal breathing parameters reliably improved.Results.Numerous scientific studies noted: the ability of nasal spray Euphorbium compositum to have a complex multi-target effect on the process of inflammation, on the state of nasal mucous membranes; safety and effectiveness.Conclusions. Complex bioregulating action of Euphorbium compositum Nasentropfen C allows to control and optimize the course of chronic inflammatory process in rhinosinusitis. Its application promotes restoration of structure and function of nasal cavity mucosa, it is not accompanied by complications. These characteristics in combination with good tolerability make it possible to use the drug for treatment of rhinosinusitis.
Sensors for rain measurements
Authors: Willems Patrick , Einfalt Thomas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rain measurements based on rain gauges, disdrometers, weather radars and microwave links provide essential input data for urban drainage and stormwater modelling, management, and planning. Their quality strongly depends on the sensor type and calibration, but also on the data post-processing that includes quality control and data adjustment after comparison with reference observations. This chapter provides an overview of traditional techniques and recent developments, and practical advice on the selection of the type of instrument, the installation and calibration aspects to be considered, and the measurement data processing and adjustment needs.
Operation and maintenance
Authors: Benisch Jakob , Helm Björn , Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc , Bloem Simon , Cherqui Frédéric , Eichelmann Uwe , Kroll Stefan , Poelsma Peter 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This chapter first provides information on general health and safety rules to be applied by operators in monitoring urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM) systems, especially in the harsh confined environment of underground sewer systems. Second, it presents experience-based key recommendations for best practice and quality in operation, management and maintenance of sensors and installations for rainfall and discharge measurements. In the last part, three numerical methods (ordinary least squares, Williamson least squares, non-linear regression) are presented, with detailed examples of application, to establish calibration functions which are necessary for all sensors used in UDSM monitoring.
Uncertainty assessment
Authors: Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc , Uhl Mathias , Clemens-Meyer Francois H. L. R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Assessing uncertainties in measurements must become a standard practice in the field of urban drainage and stormwater management. This chapter presents three standard methods to estimate uncertainties: the Type A method (repeated measurements), the Type B method (law of propagation of uncertainties) and the MC method (Monte Carlo method). Each method is described with its fundamental principles and equations, various examples are presented in detail and Matlab® codes are given to facilitate the calculations for routine applications. An advanced method to account for partial autocorrelation in time series is presented. Lastly, typical orders of magnitude of standard uncertainties for usual sensors used in urban drainage and stormwater management are given.
Data collection in urban drainage and stormwater management systems – case studies
Authors: Schellart Alma , Blumensaat Frank , Clemens-Meyer Francois , van der Werf Job , Mohtar Wan Hanna Melina Wan , Ramly Salwa , Muhammad Nur , Bonneau Jérémie , Fletcher Tim D. , Costelloe Justin F. , James Robert , Burns Matthew , Poelsma Peter , Ochoa-Rodriguez Susana , Bourne Daniel , Hancock Zoe , Wallwork Gilles , Hale James , Nikolova-Peters Nadia , Kroll Stefan , van Assel Johan , McCarthy David , Shi Baiqian , Bloem Simon , Ebi Christian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Data collection in urban drainage systems comes with many challenges. However, many examples already exist, containing numerous useful lessons learned. This chapter therefore contains several urban drainage and stormwater management metrology case studies, selected to cover a wide range of scopes, scales, objectives, climates, data validation methods, and data storage approaches. The case studies are initiated by academics as well as by institutions from the water industry.
Assessment of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 as an option for sustainable wastewater treatment
Authors: Samiotis Georgios , Stamatakis Kostas , Amanatidou Elisavet 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Industrial wastewaters are recognized as a valuable resource, however, their disposal without proper treatment can result in environmental deterioration. The associated environmental/operational cost of wastewater treatment necessitates upgrade of applied processes towards the goals of sustainability and mitigation of climate change. The implementation of cyanobacteria-based processes can contribute to these goals via resources recovery, production of high-value products, carbon fixation and green-energy production. The present study evaluates the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (S7942) as a biological component for novel and sustainable alternatives to typical biological nutrient removal processes. Valuable results regarding cultivation temperature boundaries, applied disinfection techniques and analytical methods, as well as regarding relations between parameters expressing S7942 biomass concentration are presented. The results show that at typical industrial wastewater temperatures, S7942 efficiently grew and removed nitrates from treated snack-industry's wastewater. Moreover, in cultures with treated and relatively saline dairy wastewater, its growth rate slightly decreased, but nevertheless nitrates removal rate remained efficiently high. A comparison between typical denitrification processes and the proposed nutrient removal process indicated that a S7942-based system may constitute an alternative or a supplementary to denitrification process. Thus, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 proved to be a potent candidate towards sustainable industrial wastewater treatment applications.
COVID-19: Finally on Wane, with Reduced Lethality
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Shalimar  
Published: August 2021

:
As most of the countries have already passed the peaks of the second or third wave of infections,
COVID-19 is (finally) on the wane and will soon touch the baseline persistence with a reduced
death rate. The Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) or lethality is presently only ~2.0%, which is relatively
low in comparison to the high of 14% in April 2020. More importantly, the lethality in
healthy people is 20 times lower. In addition, successful vaccination programs are currently underway
in several countries. Thus, although new pathogenic variants as well as a few isolated cases of
resurgence, will continue to emerge, the worst seems to be over and we will surely win this battle
soon.
Comprehensive Identification of Astilbin Metabolites in Rats Based on Multiple Metabolite Templates Combined with UHPLC-Q-Exactive Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Jiang Shan , Li Haoran , Yang Ailin , Zhang Hongbing , Dong Pingping , Dong Fan , Dai Long , Wang Shaoping , Zhang Jiayu 
Published: August 2021

Background :
Astilbin, a dihydroflavonoid compound widely found in plants, exhibits a variety of pharmacological
activities and biological effects. However, little is known about the metabolism of this active compound
in vivo, which is very helpful for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis and application of astilbin.

Objective:
To establish a rapid profiling and identification method for metabolites in rat urine, faeces and plasma
using a UHPLC-Q-Exactive mass spectrometer in negative ion mode.

Methods:
In this study, a simple and rapid systematic strategy and 7 metabolite templates, which were established
based on previous reports, were utilized to screen and identify astilbin metabolites.

Results:
As a result, a total of 71 metabolites were detected and characterized, among which 32 metabolites were
found in rat urine, while 27 and 38 metabolites were characterized from rat plasma and faeces, respectively. These
metabolites were presumed to be generated through ring cleavage, sulfation, dehydrogenation, methylation, hydroxylation,
glucuronidation, dehydroxylation and their composite reactions.

Conclusion:
This study illustrated the capacity of the sensitive UHPLC-Q-Exactive mass spectrometer analytical
system combined with the data-mining methods to rapidly elucidate the unknown metabolism. Moreover, the comprehensive
metabolism study of astilbin provided an overall metabolic profile, which will be of great help in predicting
the in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles and understanding the action mechanism of this active ingredient.
DDX39B Predicts Poor Survival and Associated with Clinical Benefit of Anti-PD-L1 Therapy in ccRCC
Authors: Wei Jinhuan , Lu Jun , Cao Yun , Yao Gaosheng , Huang Yong , Zhao Hongwei , Pan Yihui , Feng Zihao , Chen Zhenhua , Chen Wei , Luo Junhang , Cao Jiazheng 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been shown to improve overall
survival (OS) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. However, less than half of the
ccRCC patients have objective response to ICI.

Objective:
We aim to assess the role of DDX39B in predicting ccRCC patients'OS and ICI therapy
response.

Methods:
DDX39B was detected by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray of 305 ccRCC
patients. DDX39B and its relationship with the prognosis of ccRCC were also evaluated in TCGA
set and a RECA-EU set. The expression of DDX39B and patients survival was also analysed in
two datasets of ccRCC patients treated with ICI.

Results:
Overexpression of DDX39B predicted poor OS of ccRCC patients in SYSU set, TCGA
set, and a RECA-EU set. DDX39B expression was significantly positive with the expression of
PD-L1 and other immunomodulators., DDX39B negatively correlated with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
and HDAC10 exon 3 inclusion in ccRCC. DDX39B knockdown decreased the expression of
PD-L1 and increased the expression of HDAC10 exon 3 in renal cancer ACHN cells. Patients of
ccRCC with lower levels of HDAC10 exon 3 inclusion have higher TNM stage, higher Fuhrman
grade and poor OS. There was a tendency that patients with DDX39B high expression had longer
OS and PFS than patients with DDX39B low expression in ccRCC patients treated with ICI.

Conclusion:
DDX39B gene is highly expressed in ccRCC and is closely related to patients' OS.
DDX39B might increase PD-L1 expression via the enhancement of HDAC10 exon 3 skipping,
thereby promoting the ICI therapy response.
The Association Between Overweight or Obesity and the Risk of Uterine
Leiomyoma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jenabi Ensiyeh , Khazaei Salman , Aghababaei Soodabeh , Soltani Farzaneh 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
The present study is a meta-analysis to identify the relationship between BMI and uterine leiomyoma.

Methods:
The major international databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences (WOS) were searched to identify eligible studies in English language writing from their inception to 30 of June 2019. The pooled Odds Ratios (OR), Relative Ratio (RR), and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated as random effect estimates of association among studies. The findings of 10 studies showed an increased risk of uterine leiomyoma in the overweight and obese women compared to women with normal weight: RR=1.21 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.30) and OR=1.50 (95% CI: 1.29, 1.71) for overweight women and RR=1.34 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.57) and OR=1.99 (95% CI: 1.11, 2.87) for obese women.

Result:
Our meta-analysis suggests that obesity and overweight in women are associated with an increase in the risk of uterine leiomyoma.

Conclusion:
Therefore, clinical attention to uterine leiomyoma should be more performed, because leiomyoma can be a source of mortality in women.
Mini-Review on Bioanalytical Estimation of Brinzolamide
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha , Madrewar Ajay B. , Deshpande Ashwini 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Brinzolamide is a treatment option for glaucoma. As glaucoma is the third leading
cause of blindness, there is a need for analytical methods to obtain an effective drug with great
precision and accuracy. Even if brinzolamide is official in IP and USP, different analytical methods
still need to be brought in one place, which would help attain better results and easy comparison
for other analysis specifications and procedures. This review helps to understand and gather
different analysis techniques or biological fluid techniques of brinzolamide in a dosage form.
These techniques include UV spectroscopy, HPLC, LC-MS, and TLC densitometry.