bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The most metal-rich stars in the universe: chemical contributions of low- and intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch stars with metallicities within 0.04 ≤ Z ≤ 0.10
Authors: Cinquegrana Giulia C , Karakas Amanda I 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Low- and intermediate-mass stars with supersolar metallicities comprise a known portion of the universe. Yet yields for asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars with metallicities greater than Z = 0.04 do not exist in the literature. This contributes a significant uncertainty to galactic chemical evolution simulations. We present stellar yields of AGB stars for $M=1\!-\!8\, {\rm M}_\odot$ and Z = 0.04–0.10. We also weight these yields to represent the chemical contribution of a metal-rich stellar population. We find that as metallicity increases, the efficiency of the mixing episodes (known as the third dredge-up) on the thermally pulsing AGB (TP-AGB) decrease significantly. Consequently, much of the nucleosynthesis that occurs on the TP-AGB is not represented on the surface of very metal-rich stars. It instead remains locked inside the white dwarf remnant. The temperatures at the base of the convective envelope also decrease with increasing metallicity. For the intermediate-mass models, this results in the occurrence of only partial hydrogen burning at this location, if any burning at all. We also investigate heavy element production via the slow neutron capture process (s-process) for three 6-$\, {\rm M}_\odot$ models: Z = 0.04, 0.05, and 0.06. There is minor production at the first s-process peak at strontium, which decreases sharply with increasing metallicity. We find the chemical contributions of our models are dominated by proton capture nucleosynthesis, mixed to the surface during the first and second dredge-up events. This conclusion is mirrored in our stellar population yields, weighted towards the lower mass regime to reflect the mass distribution within a respective galaxy.
Stellar populations in local AGNs: evidence for enhanced star formation in the inner 100 pc
Authors: Dahmer-Hahn L G , Riffel R , Rodríguez-Ardila A , Riffel R A , Storchi-Bergmann T , Marinello M , Davies R I , Burtscher L , Ruschel-Dutra D , Rosario D J 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
In modern models and simulations of galactic evolution, the star formation in massive galaxies is regulated by an ad hoc active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback process. However, the physics and the extension of such effects on the star formation history of galaxies is matter of vivid debate. In order to shed some light in the AGN effects over the star formation, we analysed the inner 500 × 500 pc of a sample of 14 Seyfert galaxies using GMOS and MUSE integral field spectroscopy. We fitted the continuum spectra in order to derive stellar age, metallicity, velocity, and velocity dispersion maps in each source. After stacking our sample and averaging their properties, we found that the contribution of young SP, as well as that of AGN featureless continuum both peak at the nucleus. The fraction of intermediate-age SPs is smaller in the nucleus if compared to outer regions, and the contribution of old SPs vary very little within our field of view (FoV). We also found no variation of velocity dispersion or metallicity within our FoV. Lastly, we detected an increase in the dust reddening towards the center of the galaxies. These results lead us to conclude that AGN phenomenon is usually related to a recent star formation episode in the circumnuclear region.
Triply eclipsing triple stars in the northern TESS fields: TICs 193993801, 388459317, and 52041148
Authors: Borkovits T , Mitnyan T , Rappaport S A , Pribulla T , Powell B P , Kostov V B , Bíró I B , Csányi I , Garai Z , Gary B L , Kaye T G , Komžík R , Terentev I , Omohundro M , Gagliano R , Jacobs T , Kristiansen M H , LaCourse D , Schwengeler H M , Czavalinga D , Seli B , Huang C X , Pál A , Vanderburg A , Rodriguez J E , Stevens D J 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
In this work we report the discovery and analysis of three new triply eclipsing triple star systems found with the TESS mission during its observations of the northern skies: TICs 193993801, 388459317, and 52041148. We utilized the TESS precision photometry of the binary eclipses and third-body eclipsing events, ground-based archival and follow-up photometric data, eclipse timing variations, archival spectral energy distributions, as well as theoretical evolution tracks in a joint photodynamical analysis to deduce the system masses and orbital parameters of both the inner and outer orbits. In one case (TIC 193993801) we also obtained radial velocity measurements of all three stars. This enabled us to ‘calibrate’ our analysis approach with and without ‘truth’ (i.e. RV) data. We find that the masses are good to 1–3 per cent accuracy with RV data and 3–10 per cent without the use of RV data. In all three systems we were able to find the outer orbital period before doing any detailed analysis by searching for a longer-term periodicity in the ASAS-SN archival photometry data – just a few thousand ASAS-SN points enabled us to find the outer periods of 49.28 d, 89.86 d, and 177.0 d, respectively. From our full photodynamical analysis we find that all three systems are coplanar to within 1°−3°. The outer eccentricities of the three systems are 0.003, 0.10, and 0.62, respectively (i.e. spanning a factor of 200). The masses of the three stars {Aa, Ab, and B} in the three systems are: {1.31, 1.19, 1.34}, {1.82, 1.73, 2.19}, and {1.62, 1.48, 2.74} M⊙, respectively.
What Constitutes “Appropriate Care” for Low Back Pain?
Authors: Wiles Louise K. , Hibbert Peter D. , Stephens Jacqueline H. , Molloy Charlotte , Maher Chris G. , Buchbinder Rachelle , Moseley G. Lorimer , O'Sullivan Peter B. , Lin Ivan , Briggs Andrew M. , Slater Helen , Harris Ian A. , Jan Stephen , Dwyer Andrew , Fallon Kieran , Hogg Malcolm , Fried Kal , Needs Chris , Casey Petrina , Dabestani Roya , Kay Debra , Braithwaite Jeffrey , Runciman William B. 
Published: November 2021

Study Design.
Multiround wiki-based Delphi expert panel survey.

Objective.
To provide proof of concept for an alternative method for creating sets of nationally-agreed point-of-care clinical indicators, and obtain consensus among end-user groups on “appropriate care” for the assessment, diagnosis, acute, and ongoing care of people with low back pain (LBP).

Summary of Background Data.
The provision of inappropri ate and low value care for LBP is a significant healthcare and societal burden. Vague clinical practice guideline (CPG) recom mendations can be difficult to apply and measure in real world clinical practice, and a likely barrier to “appropriate care.”

Methods.
Draft “appropriate care” clinical indicators for LBP were derived from CPG recommendations published between 2011 and 2017. Included CPGs were independently appraised by two reviewers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation instrument. Headed by a Clinical Champion, a 20-member Expert Panel reviewed and commented on the draft indicators over a three-round modified e-Delphi process using a collaborative online wiki. At the conclusion of each review round, the research team and the Clinical Champion synthesized and responded to experts’ comments and incorporated feedback into the next iteration of the draft indicators.

Results.
From seven CPGs and six qualitative meta-syntheses, 299 recommendations and themes were used to draft 42 “appropriateness” indicators. In total, 17 experts reviewed these indicators over 18 months. A final set of 27 indicators compris ing screening and diagnostic processes (n = 8), assessment (n = 3), acute (n = 5), and ongoing care (n = 9), and two which crossed the acute-ongoing care continuum. Most indicators were geared toward recommended care (n = 21, 78%), with the remainder focused on care to be avoided.

Conclusion.
These 27 LBP clinical indicators can be used by healthcare consumers, clinicians, researchers, policy makers/ funders, and insurers to guide and monitor the provision of “appropriate care” for LBP.

Level of Evidence: 4
Malignant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor of the Scalp: A Systematic Review
Authors: Osto Muhammad , Parry Nathan , Rehman Rafey , Ahmed Uddin , Mehregan Darius 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors of the scalp can exhibit aggressive presentation and recurrences. Our objective was to perform an evidence-based systematic review evaluating clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, and treatment modalities used to determine which treatment strategies had the best outcomes.Methods:The databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant literature by the authors. Patient demographics, imaging, treatments, and other clinical characteristics were obtained. The results were reported using the Preferred Reporting Systems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.Results:Thirty-nine studies with a total of 65 patients were identified. The most common presentation was a history of slow-growing, painless swollen mass on the scalp. In total, 10 patients (15.4%) presented with spread to the regional lymph nodes and 6 (9.2%) additional patients presented with metastasis to distant locations. In total, 61 patients (93.8%) underwent surgery. Various chemotherapy and radiation therapy regimens were used. Of the 45 cases with documented follow-up, 11 (24.4%) patients had one or multiple instances of local, lymph node or metastatic tumor recurrence.Conclusions:Surgery is favored, and the exact approach should be based on clinical judgment. However, Mohs micrographic surgery should strongly be considered because of its superior margin control against such an invasive tumor. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been used as adjuvant therapy in aggressive cases or recurrence. Patients should be followed closely and examined often to frequently assess recurrence or metastasis. Randomized controlled trials are needed to further clarify these findings.
The impact of plant-based diets on female bone mineral density
Authors: Ma Xingfa , Tan Haoyin , Hu Mingjun , He Shengcai , Zou Lijuan , Pan Huashan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
An increase in awareness of plant-based diets has brought forth numerous studies on bone mineral density (BMD). The present systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to compare the effect between plant-based diets and omnivores on female BMD.

Methods:
We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science and up to July 1, 2020. Mean difference (MD) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated to compare the outcomes of the groups. We compared BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and whole body respectively between plant-based diets and omnivores. In addition, we performed subgroup analyses according to different clinical characteristics for further exploration. Two reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data independently. All statistical analyses were performed using standard statistical procedures provided in Review Manager 5.2.

Results:
A total of 17 cross-sectional studies including 13,888 patients were identified for the present meta-analysis. Our pooled result indicated that population with plant-based diets had lower BMD than omnivores at the lumbar spine (MD −0.03; 95% CI −0.04 to −0.02; P < .0001), femoral neck (MD −0.04; 95% CI −0.05 to −0.03; P < .00001) and whole body (MD −0.04; 95% CI −0.06 to −0.01; P = .01), respectively. Further exploration indicated that especially females with plant-based diets experienced significantly lower BMD at lumbar spine (MD −0.03; 95% CI −0.04 to −0.02; 3173 pts), femoral neck (MD −0.04; 95% CI −0.05 to −0.03; 10,656 pts) and whole body (MD −0.05; 95% CI −0.10 to −0.00; P = .04). In addition, we performed subgroup analyses and found lower BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck in both vegetarians and vegans.

Conclusions:
The present meta-analysis indicated that plant-based diets may be correlated with lower BMD of women when compared with omnivore population. However, this does not diminish the fact that a plant-based diet can be a harmful option to the overall bone health of population and more prospective researches are needed to clear the impact of plant-based diets on bone health.
Analysis of the effects of Zhenju antihypertensive tablet on efficacy, safety and vascular endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Zhao Jisen , Guo Dong , Fan Maoxia , Liu Yongcheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
: As a compound preparation of traditional Chinese and western medicine included in Volume 20 of Chinese traditional Medicine prescription, Zhenju antihypertensive tablet has been widely used in the treatment of patients with essential hypertension (EH) for many years. This study intends to evaluate the efficacy, safety and vascular endothelial function of Zhenju antihypertensive tablet in the treatment of essential hypertension.

Methods
: The search strategies of different websites were searched on Cochrane Central controlled Trials Registry, PubMed, excerpt database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, WanFang, and other websites. All qualified studies were confirmed to include randomized controlled trials. The search time range was from January 1, 1900 to August 31, 2021. At the same time, the list of references and related reviews were checked. Two evaluators were responsible for the extraction and management of the data independently. The literature quality was evaluated according to Cochrane manual 4.2.2. Heterogeneity test and Meta analysis were carried out by Review ManagerV.5.3 software. The bias risk included in the study was evaluated by Cochrane “bias risk” tool. In addition, the relevant statistical data were evaluated by GRADE3.6 evidence quality grading system.

Results
: This study intends evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhenju antihypertensive tablet in the treatment of EH from 4 aspects, including changes in blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, diastolic Blood pressure), effective hypotension, changes in endothelial function (NO, the level of plasma endothelin-1 in serum), and adverse reactions.

Conclusion
: The conclusion of this study intends to provide evidence for judging the effectiveness and safety of ZJAHC intervention on EH patients and their endothelial function.
PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO CRD42021235309.
The efficacy of Tai Chi for intervention treatment of myocardial infarction
Authors: Wu Shanshan , Lu Zuosheng , Li Zhaowei , Li Yuezhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
This protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis aims at assessing the clinical evidence regarding the efficacy of Tai Chi interventions in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods:
Literature retrieval will use the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Database, and Ongoing Clinical Trials Database. Our search strategy was based on a string of text words, Medical Subject Headings, and subject headings indicative of Tai Chi. The search strings included: tai chi chuan, taiji, and taiji quan interventions in myocardial infarction; MI infarcts; myocardial infarcts; myocardial; coronary artery disease; coronary arteriosclerosis; acute coronary syndromes; and coronary syndromes. Quality assessment of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results:
The findings of this study will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication.

Conclusion:
This study will provide reliable evidence regarding the efficacy of Tai Chi in patients with MI and provide up-to-date evidence for its application.
Effect of Tai Chi exercise on lower limb function and balance ability in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Zheng Haoyun , Zhang Dong , Zhu Yonggang , Wang Qingfu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease commonly occurring in middle-aged and elderly people. The main clinical manifestations are joint pain, limited activity, and decreased muscle strength resulting in decreased motor control ability. Exercise therapy is an effective method to enhance muscle strength of lower limbs, while China's traditional skill Tai Chi (TC) is a combination of activity and inertia, internal and external exercise therapy. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have found that regular TC can effectively improve patients’ lower limb function and balance ability. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of TC on lower limb function and balance ability in patients with KOA.

Methods:
This is a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. One hundred forty-six cases of KOA patients will be randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to 1:1 ratio, 73 cases in each group, the control group: sodium hyaluronate; experimental group: TC added on the basis of the control group. Both groups will receive standard treatment for 5 weeks and will be followed up for 3 months. Observation indicators include: the western Ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index; hospital for special surgery knee score; balance stability index, liver and kidney function, adverse reaction rate, etc. SPSS 23.0 software will be used for data analysis.

Discussion:
This study will evaluate the effects of TC on lower limb function and balance ability of patients with KOA. The results of this trial will provide a clinical basis for the selection of exercise therapy for patients with KOA.
Effect of Danhong injection on neurological recovery and adverse events in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Gao Junfeng , Shao Xiangzhong , Guan YiXiang , Mei Juxiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is characterized by high disabling and recurrent recurrence, and its severe neurological impairment and vascular adverse events (AEs) limit the recovery of patients. Danhong injection is a complementary alternative to the treatment of AIS, and previous studies have demonstrated its efficacy and safety. However, there is no long-term follow-up and rigorous clinical study to evaluate the effect of Danhong injection on neurological recovery and AEs in patients with AIS.

Methods:
This is a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the effect of Danhong injection on neurological recovery and AEs in patients with AIS. Participants were randomly divided into treatment and control groups in a 1:1 ratio. The treatment group was treated with Danhong injection and the control group were treated with placebo under the guideline recommended basic treatment. After 14 days of continuous treatment, the follow-up period was 6 months. Observation indicators include: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, modified Rankin scale, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, the incidence of new major vascular events within 6 months, and all-cause mortality. Finally, the data were analyzed statistically using the SPASS 22.0 software.

Discussion:
This study will evaluate the effect of Danhong injection on neurological recovery and AEs in AIS. The results will provide a reference for the clinical use of AIS.
Acupuncture for amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Zhang Jiayu , Kuang Xu , Tang Chunzhi , Xu Nenggui , Xiao Songhua , Xiao Lingjun , Wang Shengwen , Dong Yu , Lu Liming , Zhang Liang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are more likely to develop Alzheimer disease than corresponding age normal population. Because Alzheimer disease is irreversible, early intervention for aMCI patients seems important and urgent. We have designed a pilot multicenter, randomized, parallel controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on aMCI, explore the feasibility of acupuncture in the treatment of aMCI, so as to provide a reference for large-sample clinical trials in the next stage.

Method:
We designed a pilot multicenter, randomized, parallel controlled trial. This trial aims to test the feasibility of carrying out a large-sample clinical trial. In this trial, 50 eligible patients with aMCI will be included and allocated to acupuncture group (n = 25) or sham acupuncture group (n = 25) at random. Subjects will accept treatment 2 times a week for 12 weeks continuously, with a total of 24 treatment sessions. We will select 6 acupoints (GV20, GV14, bilateral BL18, bilateral BL23). For the clinical outcomes, the primary outcome is Montreal cognitive assessment, which will be assessed from baseline to the end of this trial. And the secondary outcomes are Mini-mental State Examination, Delayed Story Recall, Clinical Dementia Rating scale, Global Deterioration Scale, Activity of Daily Life, Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Section, brain magnetic resonance imaging, brain functional magnetic resonance imaging, and event-related potential P300, which will be assessed before and after treatment. In addition, we will assess the safety outcomes from baseline to the end of this trial and feasibility outcome after treatment. We will evaluate neuropsychological assessment scale (Montreal cognitive assessment, Mini-mental State Examination, Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Section) at 3 months and 6 months after treatment.

Discussion:
This pilot trial aims to explore the feasibility of the trial, verify essential information of its efficacy and safety. This pilot study will provide a preliminary basis for carrying out a larger clinical trial of acupuncture on aMCI in near future.
Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Tan Chuan , Jiang Jianmei , Deng Xiaoling , Xiang Wei , Hu Tingting 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Psoriasis can lead to higher social and psychological burden, and its occurrence is related to psychological disturbance. At present, there are many clinical trials on cognitive behavior therapy for depression and anxiety in patients with psoriasis. However, the results of studies vary greatly due to the different time and content of the intervention, and the curative effect is still controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the effect of cognitive behavior therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with psoriasis through meta-analysis.

Methods:
We searched Chinese and English databases to collect all randomized controlled trials of cognitive behavior therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with psoriasis until October 2021. Two researchers then independently screened articles, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of selected literatures. All data were processed by Stata 14.0.

Results:
The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Conclusion:
Our study is expected to provide high-quality evidence-based medicine advice for the effects of cognitive behavior therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with psoriasis.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and shared on social media platforms. This review would be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentations.

OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/APKVG.