bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech‐language profiles in the context of cognitive and adaptive functioning in SATB2‐associated syndrome
Authors: Snijders Blok Lot , Goosen Y. Max , van Haaften Leenke , van Hulst Karen , Fisher Simon E. , Brunner Han G. , Egger Jos I. M. , Kleefstra Tjitske 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSATB2‐associated syndrome (SAS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in the SATB2 gene, and is typically characterized by intellectual disability and severely impaired communication skills. The goal of this study was to contribute to the understanding of speech and language impairments in SAS, in the context of general developmental skills and cognitive and adaptive functioning. We performed detailed oral motor, speech and language profiling in combination with neuropsychological assessments in 23 individuals with a molecularly confirmed SAS diagnosis: 11 primarily verbal individuals and 12 primarily nonverbal individuals, independent of their ages. All individuals had severe receptive language delays. For all verbal individuals, we were able to define underlying speech conditions. While childhood apraxia of speech was most prevalent, oral motor problems appeared frequent as well and were more present in the nonverbal group than in the verbal group. For seven individuals, age‐appropriate Wechsler indices could be derived, showing that the level of intellectual functioning of these individuals varied from moderate–mild ID to mild ID‐borderline intellectual functioning. Assessments of adaptive functioning with the Vineland Screener showed relatively high scores on the domain “daily functioning” and relatively low scores on the domain “communication” in most individuals. Altogether, this study provides a detailed delineation of oral motor, speech and language skills and neuropsychological functioning in individuals with SAS, and can provide families and caregivers with information to guide diagnosis, management and treatment approaches.
Leveraging observed soil heterotrophic respiration fluxes as a novel constraint on global‐scale models
Authors: Jian Jinshi , Bond‐Lamberty Ben , Hao Dalei , Sulman Benjamin N. , Patel Kaizad F. , Zheng Jianqiu , Dorheim Kalyn , Pennington Stephanie C. , Hartman Melannie D. , Warner Dan , Wieder William R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMicrobially explicit models may improve understanding and projections of carbon dynamics in response to future climate change, but their fidelity in simulating global‐scale soil heterotrophic respiration (RH), a stringent test for soil biogeochemical models, has never been evaluated. We used statistical global RH products, as well as 7821 daily site‐scale RH measurements, to evaluate the spatiotemporal performance of one first‐order decay model (CASA‐CNP) and two microbially explicit biogeochemical models (CORPSE and MIMICS) that were forced by two different input datasets. CORPSE and MIMICS did not provide any measurable performance improvement; instead, the models were highly sensitive to the input data used to drive them. Spatial variability in RH fluxes was generally well simulated except in the northern middle latitudes (~50°N) and arid regions; models captured the seasonal variability of RH well, but showed more divergence in tropic and arctic regions. Our results demonstrate that the next generation of biogeochemical models shows promise but also needs to be improved for realistic spatiotemporal variability of RH. Finally, we emphasize the importance of net primary production, soil moisture, and soil temperature inputs, and that jointly evaluating soil models for their spatial (global scale) and temporal (site scale) performance provides crucial benchmarks for improving biogeochemical models.
Can cropland management practices lower net greenhouse emissions without compromising yield?
Authors: Shang Ziyin , Abdalla Mohamed , Xia Longlong , Zhou Feng , Sun Wenjuan , Smith Pete 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSmart cropland management practices can mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while safeguarding food security. However, the integrated effects on net greenhouse gas budget (NGHGB) and grain yield from different management practices remain poorly defined and vary with environmental and application conditions. Here, we conducted a global meta‐analysis on 347 observation sets of non‐CO2 GHG (CH4 and N2O) emissions and grain yield, and 412 observations of soil organic carbon sequestration rate (SOCSR). Our results show that for paddy rice, replacing synthetic nitrogen at the rate of 30%–59% with organic fertilizer significantly decreased net GHG emissions (NGHGB: −15.3 ± 3.4 [standard error], SOCSR: −15.8 ± 3.8, non‐CO2 GHGs: 0.6 ± 0.1 in Mg CO2 eq ha−1 year−1) and improved rice yield (0.4 ± 0.1 in Mg ha−1 year−1). In contrast, intermittent irrigation significantly increased net GHG emissions by 11.2 ± 3.1 and decreased rice yield by 0.4 ± 0.1. The reduction in SOC sequestration by intermittent irrigation (15.5 ± 3.3), which was most severe (>20) in alkaline soils (pH > 7.5), completely offset the mitigation in CH4 emissions. Straw return for paddy rice also led to a net increase in GHG emissions (NGHGB: 4.8 ± 1.4) in silt‐loam soils, where CH4 emissions (6.3 ± 1.3) were greatly stimulated. For upland cropping systems, mostly by enhancing SOC sequestration, straw return (NGHGB: −3.4 ± 0.8, yield: −0.5 ± 0.6) and no‐tillage (NGHGB: −2.9 ± 0.7, yield: −0.1 ± 0.3) were more effective in warm climates. This study highlights the importance of carefully managing croplands to sequester SOC without sacrifice in yield while limiting CH4 emissions from rice paddies.
Valorization of tree leaves waste using microwave‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization process
Authors: Kang Kang , Zhang Tianle , Sun Guotao , Zhu Mingqiang , Li Kankan , Li Dongbing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFallen leaves of landscape trees, as an emerging biomass waste, were valorized using conventional hydrothermal carbonization (HC) and microwave‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization (MHC) pretreatments, and were comparatively characterized for physicochemical properties and thermal degradation kinetics. The results show that MHC is superior to conventional HC operation, because at 200℃, the MHC process not only gives a higher hydrochar yield (45.09 vs. 39.47 wt%) with significantly reduced energy consumption (0.63 vs. 2.74 MJ g−1), but also is more effective in removing K and Si. For isoconversional kinetic analysis, the FWO method provides better results than the KAS method as the latter failed to fit the tree leaves sample (R2 < 0.9). The thermal degradation kinetics at high temperatures (>400℃) showed that the hydrochar obtained from the MHC process has a lower average activation energy of ~190 MJ kg−1 than the conventional HC process (~260 MJ kg−1). This study reveals the potential for valorization of the landscape tree wastes via the MHC process.
Our roles are not at ease: The work of engaging a youth advisory council in a mental health services delivery organization
Authors: Canas Eugenia , Wathen Nadine , Berman Helene , Reaume‐Zimmer Paula , Iyer Srividya N. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThere is growing policy impetus for including youth voices in health services research and health system reform. This article examines the perspectives of professionals in a mental healthcare organization charged with engaging young people as advisors in service transformation.MethodsAn institutional ethnography of a youth mental health services organization in Ontario, Canada, was conducted. Fieldwork consisted of twelve months of observation of meetings, interviews with youth advisors and adult service providers, with subsequent text analysis of engagement training and policy materials. The present article reports data from six adult professionals and related field observations.ResultsService providers’ efforts to engage youth were observed in three areas: a) supporting youth's development as advisors, b) retaining and deepening youth participation while waiting for organizational change and c) embedding relationships between youth and adults at various levels within the system of care. This work denotes existing tensions between the values and ideals of youth engagement and the everyday demands of services delivery.ConclusionIn this setting, a fundamental dimension of this work consisted of negotiating tensions between the policy enthusiasm for engagement and its realization in a health services context. In describing these contextual challenges, we outline implications for consideration by other youth mental health services. Engagement efforts that are authentic and sustained require resources and flexibility, and leadership commitment to instil service users’ perspectives throughout multiple levels within the organization.
Meadowfoam seed oil as a natural dispersing agent for colorants in lipstick
Authors: Maktabi Briana , Liberatore Matthew W. , Baki Gabriella 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveGreen and sustainable trends are growing and with that the demand for naturally derived ingredients is rising. Dispersing agents are essential components of lipsticks due to their ability to wet pigment particles, reduce agglomerates and prevent re‐agglomeration by stabilizing pigment particles. In this study, meadowfoam seed oil was evaluated as a pigment‐dispersing agent for lipsticks and compared with castor oil and octyldodecanol.MethodsDispersions of Red 7 Lake were formulated with 20, 30 and 40% solid content using castor oil, octyldodecanol or meadowfoam seed oil. Particle size, viscosity, spreadability, wetting, oil absorption and colour were measured. Four of the nine dispersions were then formulated into lipsticks, including all the 30% pigment dispersions and the 40% dispersion with meadowfoam seed oil. Lipsticks were tested for hardness, pay‐off, friction, rheology, colour and stability for 4 weeks.ResultsAverage particle size was between 6 and 9 µm across the dispersions. The castor oil dispersions were more viscous, stickier and harder to spread than the other dispersions. The wetting contact angle was very low for all three dispersing agents, indicating that all of the oils wet the pigment well. The lipsticks varied in hardness, as expected, based on differences in the viscosity of the dispersing agents, and oil absorption of the powder. Red 7 Lake absorbed the highest amount of castor oil, which contributed to higher stick hardness. The castor oil lipstick and the meadowfoam seed oil lipstick containing 40% pigment were the hardest and most elastic. The octyldodecanol lipstick was the softest. Friction was the lowest for the meadowfoam seed oil lipstick containing 40% pigment, while pay‐off was the highest for the octyldodecanol lipstick. The colour of the lipsticks as a stick and after being spread on paper was very similar.ConclusionWhile the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of the dispersing agents were different, all three dispersing agents studied formed dispersions and lipsticks with appropriate characteristics. Meadowfoam seed oil's performance was qualitatively and quantitatively similar to castor oil and octyldodecanol. By modifying the amount of pigment and dispersing agent used, lipsticks that have similar characteristics to commercial products can be formulated.
A three‐tiered analysis of overall life satisfaction: Socio‐economic characteristics, satisfaction with areas of life, and personality traits
Authors: Ramia Ioana 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUsing Australian data, this paper proposes a three‐tiered model of overall life satisfaction as a function of socio‐economic characteristics and satisfaction with areas of life and personality traits. Mediation analysis through structural equation modelling is employed using data from the 17thwave of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. The findings provide evidence for the interconnectedness of the three tiers of the model and their joint contribution to overall life satisfaction. Personality traits have significant direct and even stronger indirect effects on life satisfaction, mediated by their effects on satisfaction with areas of life, which has been previously overlooked. Socio‐economic characteristics have significant indirect effects on life satisfaction, which are most often omitted in analyses of life satisfaction. Satisfaction with areas of life remain strong predictors of overall life satisfaction, but only alongside personality traits and socio‐economic characteristics. The findings provide new methodological insights into the factors contributing to the measurement of life satisfaction, “all things considered”. Furthermore, results may support policy makers to target vulnerable groups and identify approaches to improve their well‐being.
Relation between crystal structure and lattice oxygen content of sintered reaction‐bonded silicon nitride
Authors: Fukuda Yumi , Harada Koichi , Yonetsu Maki , Albessard Ariane K. , Hattori Yasushi , Essaki Kenji , Goto Yasuhiro , Suetsuna Tomohiro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhen reaction‐bonded silicon nitride containing MgO/Y2O3 additives is sintered at three different temperatures to form sintered reaction‐bonded silicon nitride (SRBSN), the thermal conductivity increases with sintering temperature. The β‐Si3N4 (silicon nitride) crystals of SRBSN ceramics were synthesized and characterized to investigate the relation between the crystal structure and the lattice oxygen content. The hot‐gas extraction measurement result and the crystal structure obtained using Rietveld analysis suggested that the unit cell size of the β‐Si3N4 crystal increases with the decrease in the lattice oxygen content. This result is reasonable considering that the lattice oxygen with the smaller covalent radius substitutes nitrogen with the larger one in the β‐Si3N4 crystals. The lattice oxygen content decreased with increasing sintering temperature which also correlated with increase in thermal conductivity. Moreover, it is noteworthy from the viewpoint that it may be possible to apply the lattice constant analysis for the nondestructive and simple measurement of the lattice oxygen content that deteriorates the thermal conductivity of the β‐Si3N4 ceramics.
Illness identity in adults with congenital heart disease: Longitudinal trajectories and associations with patient‐reported outcomes and healthcare use
Authors: Van Bulck Liesbet , Goossens Eva , Apers Silke , Moons Philip , Luyckx Koen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study were to investigate the development of illness identity, the degree to which the disease is integrated into one's identity, by identifying trajectory classes in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) and to describe these classes in terms of age, sex, disease complexity, patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) and healthcare use.DesignThis three‐wave observational cohort study was carried from 2013 till 2015 and includes 276 adults (median age: 34 years; 54% men) with CHD.MethodsIllness identity entails four dimensions: engulfment, rejection, acceptance and enrichment. PROs included perceived health status, quality of life and psychological distress. Latent class growth analysis, analysis of variance, Poisson regression and negative binomial regression analyses were performed.ResultsIllness identity was relatively stable over time. The identified classes were meaningfully different in terms of age, disease complexity, PROs and healthcare use. Patients who did not reject their disease, patients who were not overwhelmed or patients who accepted their disease over time reported better health status and quality of life and less psychological distress. Less hospitalizations and visits to the general practitioner and medical specialist were reported by patients who were not overwhelmed or patients who accepted their disease over time. Patients with low rejection and high enrichment scores over time reported more visits at the general practitioner.ConclusionThese findings indicate that illness identity should be taken into account when trying to understand and optimize PROs and healthcare use of adults with CHD.ImpactThis study scrutinizes the development and clinical meaningfulness of illness identity measured over time for adults with CHD. Illness identity was found to be stable over time. Moreover, the illness identity trajectories differed in terms of PROs and healthcare use, showing that measuring and intervening upon illness identity could be a potential pathway to optimize PROs and healthcare use.
Carbofuran affects cellular autophagy and developmental senescence through the impairment of Nrf2 signalling
Authors: Khan Alam , Zaman Tanjeena , Fahad Talukdar Mohammad , Akther Tanjima , Hasan Md Faruk , Naz Tarannum , Kishi Shuji 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCarbofuran is a broad‐spectrum synthetic pesticide. Its exposure to non‐target mammals affects the biological system through the induction of oxidative stress. Since oxidative stress is a major contributing factor to cellular autophagy and senescence, our present investigation determined the impacts of carbofuran‐induced oxidative stress on cellular autophagy and senescence. A transmembrane protein, Spinster homolog 1 (Spns1), is involved in autophagic lysosomal metabolism. Its mutation accelerates the cellular senescence and shortens the lifespan. Using a transgenic zebrafish line, expressing fluorescent microtubules‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 (EGFP‐LC3) at the membrane of the autophagosome, we found that carbofuran affects autophagic lysosomal biogenesis in wild‐type zebrafish and exacerbates autophagic defect in spns1‐mutant zebrafish. In real‐time mortality study, carbofuran has shortened the lifespan of wild‐type fish. Nrf2 is a stress‐responsive transcription factor that regulates the expression of antioxidant genes (such as gstp1) in the prevention of oxidative stress‐mediated cellular damage. To assess the effect of carbofuran on Nrf2 signalling, we established a dual‐monitoring transgenic zebrafish line, expressing gstp1 promoter‐driven EGFP and mCherry‐tagged Neh2 domain of Nrf2. Our results suggested that the exposure of carbofuran has down‐regulated both Nrf2 and Gstp1 expressions. Overall, carbofuran affects cellular autophagy and accelerates senescence by enervating the Nrf2 signalling.
MG53 inhibits angiogenesis through regulating focal adhesion kinase signalling
Authors: Dong Jinling , Zhou Haiyan , Li Yongjie , Li Rong , Chen Ni , Zheng Youkun , Deng Xin , Luo Mao , Wu Jianbo , Wang Liqun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMitsugumin 53 (MG53), which is expressed predominantly in striated muscle, has been demonstrated to be a myokine/cardiokine secreted from striated muscle under specific conditions. The important roles of MG53 in non‐striated muscle tissues have also been examined in multiple disease models. However, no previous study has implicated MG53 in the control of endothelial cell function. In order to explore the effects of MG53 on endothelial cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with recombinant human MG53 (rhMG53). Then, rhMG53 uptake, focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src/Akt/ERK1/2 signalling pathway activation, cell migration and tube formation were determined in vitro. The efficacy of rhMG53 in regulating angiogenesis was also detected in postnatal mouse retinas. The results demonstrated that rhMG53 directly entered into endothelial cells in a cholesterol‐dependent manner. The uptake of rhMG53 directly bound to FAK in endothelial cells, which resulted in a significant decrease in FAK phosphorylation at Y397. Accompanied by the dephosphorylation of FAK, rhMG53 uncoupled FAK‐Src interaction and reduced the phosphorylation of Src at Y416. Consequently, the activation of FAK/Src downstream signalling pathways, such as Akt and ERK1/2, was also significantly inhibited by rhMG53. Furthermore, rhMG53 remarkably decreased HUVEC migration and tube formation in vitro and postnatal mouse retinal angiogenesis in vivo. Taken together, these data indicate that rhMG53 inhibits angiogenesis through regulating FAK/Src/Akt/ERK1/2 signalling pathways. This may provide a novel molecular mechanism for the impaired angiogenesis in ischaemic diseases.
Patient factors associated with referral to inpatient rehabilitation following knee or hip arthroplasty in a public sector cohort: A prognostic factor study
Authors: Naylor Justine M , Frost Steve , Farrugia Melissa , Pavlovic Natalie , Ogul Shaniya , Hackett Danella , Gray Leeanne , Wright Rachael , van Smeden Maarten , Harris Ian A 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesInpatient rehabilitation following total knee or hip arthroplasty (TKA, THA) is resource intensive and expensive. Understanding who is referred is integral to the discourse concerning service and cost reform. This study aimed to determine patient prognostic factors associated with referral to inpatient rehabilitation following TKA or THA in a public sector setting. In this setting, surgeon or patient choice does not drive referral.MethodPrognostic factor research based on secondary analysis of prospectively collected data. Consecutive people undergo elective, primary TKA, or THA at a high‐volume public hospital. The outcome was referral to inpatient rehabilitation after acute care. Patient variables including sociodemographic, comorbidity, and complication details were used in multivariable logistic regression to determine the prognostic factors associated with referral.ResultsFive hundred twenty people were included; 9.2% experienced the outcome. In the multivariable model, acute complications (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.6‐7.8), TKA surgery (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.0‐9.4), renal disease (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.4‐13.3), and higher body mass index (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0‐1.2) were associated with referral; unilateral surgery (OR 0.1 (95% CI 0.01‐0.2) and previous arthroplasty (OR 0.3 (95% CI 0.1‐0.8) were protective. There were no significant associations found for sociodemographic factors (such as gender and residential status) in the multivariable model.ConclusionIn the absence of choice, physical impairment and health factors are associated with referral to inpatient rehabilitation following TKA or THA.
The relationship between health‐promoting behaviors, menopause syndrome, and sleep quality in Chinese middle‐aged nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Bai Jie , Cheng Cheng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundNursing staff are on the front line of providing healthcare that addresses patients' needs. Sleep quality is highly related to work performance and quality of life among nurses.AimsThis study aimed to examine the influence of sociodemographic variables, menopause syndrome, and health‐promoting behaviors on sleep quality in a sample of middle‐aged nurses in China.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was employed. A consecutive sample of 424 nurses was recruited from a university‐affiliated hospital in Bengbu, China. Self‐reported, structured questionnaires, including sociodemographic surveys, the Kupperman Menopausal Index, the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, were administered between October 2018 and July 2019. This study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.ResultsStudy participants had a mean sleep quality level of 5.30 points (SD = 3.16), indicating potential sleep problems. The results of regression models showed that menopause syndrome and spiritual growth were important predictors of sleep quality for premenopause, perimenopause, and postmenopause groups.ConclusionMiddle‐aged nurses with more severe menopause syndrome and less spiritual growth might experience worse sleep quality.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study highlights important factors influencing the level of sleep quality in Chinese middle‐aged nurses. Identifying the factors that are associated with sleep quality may help with the development of proper interventions.