bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Does Tobacco Dependence Affect Determinants Related to Quitting Intention and Behaviour? Application of Protection Motivation Theory
Authors: LIN Hao-xiang , CHEN Meijun , ZHENG Yunting , YUN Qingping , ZHANG Lanchao , CHANG Chun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study used the PMT to examine the psychological-level predictors of quitting intention and behaviour with varying levels of nicotine dependence, with the goal of providing valuable evidence to promote theory-guided cessation interventions.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from July to August 2020. Participants were randomly selected on the street in 26 provinces in mainland China. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews. Our data analysis was conducted in three steps. First, we employed descriptive statistics to present the overall characteristics of our sample. Second, we analysed the association between PMT constructs and quitting intention stratified by nicotine dependence. Third, we tested how quitting intention predicted quitting behaviour in each subgroup used logistic regression models.Results: For intention, almost all the PMT constructs were significant predictors of quitting intention in the low-dependence group. There is no variable had a positive influence on quitting intention for the high-dependence group. For behaviour, quitting intention (OR=4.90, 95%CI:2.99-8.05) and nicotine dependence (OR=4.58, 95%CI:1.01-20.82) and e-cigarette use (OR=2.95, 95%CI:1.84-4.73) were significantly associated with quitting behaviour in full sample regression. However, in subsample regression, we only found a significant association between quitting intention and behaviour in the low-dependence and moderate-dependence group. In addition, We only found a significant association between e-cigarette use and quitting behaviour in the low-dependence group (Coef.=1.41, P<0.01).Conclusions: Smokers with different nicotine dependence levels have different psychological predictors of quitting intention. Quitting intention was significantly associated with quitting behaviour only for the low and moderate nicotine dependence group. Our findings highlight the importance of providing accessible and affordable intensive smoking cessation interventions or smoking cessation medications for high-dependence smokers, and thus, more convincing research is necessary to determine how e-cigarette use affects quitting behaviour in long term.
Hyperuricemia Is an Independent Risk Factor of the Erectile Dysfunction: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Wenting , Jing Zhaohai , Liu Wei , Zhu Lin , Ren Hongsheng , Hou Xu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims: Serum uric acid can affect endothelial function, and hyperuricemia-induced endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. As endothelial dysfunction is also a main pathogenic mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED), the present study aims to evaluate the relationship between hyperuricemia and ED via systemic review and meta-analysis.Methods: Five cohort studies and five cross-sectional studies on hyperuricemia and ED, including a total of 454256 participants, were recruited. Odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were adopted to estimate the relationship between hyperuricemia and ED. Overall risk were effects of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) analyzed. In addition, subgroup analyses on study design, populations, age stratification and the object were conducted.Results: In the patients with hyperuricemia, the risk of ED was 1.55-fold higher than (pooled OR=1.55, 95%CI (1.24,1.94)) the non-hyperuricemia counterparts. urate-lowing therapy (ULT) in these hyperuricemia patients reduced the risk of ED by 27% (OR=1.27, 95%CI (1.14,1.41)). After subgroup analysis and meta-regression, the association between hyperuricemia and ED remained significant apart from in the ≥55y subgroup.Conclusions: Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor of ED, while ULT can reduce the risk of ED in hyperuricemia. This study suggests that hyperuricemia-associated endothelial dysfunction may also underlie the pathogenesis of ED in these patients.
Construction and Validation of a Prognostic Prediction Model for Gastric Cancer Using a Series of Genes Related to Lactate Metabolism
Authors: Wang Siyu , Wang Yuxin , Wang Xin , Yuan Shuqiang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common clinical malignant tumors worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. The commonly used TNM staging and some common biomarkers have a certain value in predicting the prognosis of GC patients, but they gradually failed to meet the clinical demands. Therefore, we aim to construct a prognostic prediction model for GC patients.Methods: A total of 350 cases were included as TCGA-STAD entire cohort, including TCGA-STAD training cohort (n=176) and TCGA-STAD testing cohort (n=174). GSE15459 (n=191), GSE62254 (n=300) and some cases in our center (n=12) were for external validation.Results: Through differential expression analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis in TCGA-STAD training cohort, we screened out 5 genes among 600 genes related to lactate metabolism for the construction of our prognostic prediction model. The internal and external validations showed the same result, that is, patients with higher risk score were associated with poor prognosis (all P<0.05), and our model works well without regard of patients' age, gender, tumor grade, clinical stage or TNM stage, which supports the availability, validity and stability of our model. Gene function analysis, tumor-infiltrating immune cells analysis, tumor microenvironment analysis and clinical treatment exploration were performed to improve the practicability of the model, and hope to provide a new basis for more in-depth study of the molecular mechanism for GC and for clinicians to formulate more reasonable and individualized treatment plans.Conclusions: We screened out and used 5 genes related to lactate metabolism to develop a prognostic prediction model for GC patients based on them. The prediction performance of the model is confirmed by a series of bioinformatics and statistical analysis.
Masters of the Manipulator? A Comparative Genomics Study of Niveomyces gen. nov. and Two New Species of Mycoparasites Associated with Ophiocordyceps Camponoti-Floridani
Authors: Lebert Brittany M , Araújo João P.M. , Linehan Sara R , Ohm Robin A , Brachmann Andreas , de Bekker Charissa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fungal hyperparasites can impact ecosystem composition and disease dynamics by modulating their parasite hosts’ population size and transmission rate. Despite their perceived ecosystem impacts and potential to be applied in disease control efforts, hyperparasites are vastly understudied. In this integrative study we formally describe a new genus and two new mycoparasite species that infect the fungus Ophiocordyceps camponoti-floridani, which manipulates the behavior of Florida carpenter ants. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that both fungal hyperparasites are distinct species within the families Cordycipitaceae and Ophiocordycipitaceae. The unique morphology, ecology and phylogenetic placement of the Cordycipitaceae species supports its placement in a new genus, Niveomyces. Our field data alludes that both new species, Niveomyces ophiocordycipitis and Polycephalomyces oviedoensis, negatively impact O. camponoti-floridani survival and transmission. Moreover, their macromorphology, along with our field data, suggest that these hyperparasites live an exclusively mycoparasitic lifestyle and do not infect, nor decompose O. camponoti-floridani’s ant host. To find genome signatures that would further confirm their mycoparasitism, we sequenced and annotated both species’ genomes. We then compared the N. ophiocordycipitis and P. oviedoensis genomes to those of other mycoparasites, animal parasites, plant parasites, and saprophytes within the order Hypocreales and searched for previously reported mycoparasite genome signatures. However, our analyses indicate that these signatures are not greatly informative when expanding the number of genomes and lifestyles beyond those of previous studies, using the genome data that is currently available. This highlights the need for additional mycoparasite genomes within the order Hypocreales, as well as data on more closely related animal parasites. As such, this work contributes a starting point for more studies into fungal interactions between mycoparasites and entomopathogens, which have the potential to contribute important knowledge towards efforts to battle the global rise of plant and animal mycoses.
[18F] FDG PET/CT and Head and Neck MRI in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Moroccan Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Gihbid Amina , Salhi Ghofrane Cherkaoui , alami Imane El , Belgadir Hasnaa , Ibnohoud Jaafar , Khaali Wafa , Tawfiq Nezha , Benchakroun Nadia , Bendahhou Karima , Benider Abdellatif , Mzibri Mohammed El , Cadi Rachida , Benna Naima El , Guensi Amal , Khyatti Meriem 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: While nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) management in Morocco is still based on conventional work-ups: a head and neck computed tomography (HN-CT), thoracic and abdominal CT and bone scan, the combination of HN magnetic resonance imaging (HN-MRI) and 2-Deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F] FDG PET/CT) is now widely used in the diagnostic and follow-up of this malignancy.Methods: In this prospective study, [18F] FDG PET/CT and HN-MRI outcomes of 117 NPC patients diagnosed between January 2017 and December 2018 were investigated in order to assess their usefulness in routine management of Moroccan patients with NPC. The concordance between HN-MRI and [18F] FDG PET/CT in Tumor (T) and Nodal (N) classification was assessed and the association between [18F] FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters (Tumor- maximum standardized uptake value (T-SUV max), Nodal (N-SUV max), node-to-tumor SUV ratio (NTR) and distant metastasis (M-SUV max), TNM staging system, NPC stages and patient’s survival outcomes was evaluated. Results: Our results showed a moderate concordance between T-TEP and T-MRI categories with a Cohen kappa coefficient (k) at 0.45, and a mediocre concordance between N-TEP and N-MRI (k=0.3). Metabolic parameters of the [18F] FDG PET/CT were assessed; N-SUV max values were significantly higher in patients with advanced nodal involvement, with a mean of 7.4, 9.7 and 11.0 for patients with N1, N2 and N3 nodal categories, respectively (p<0.05). overall, N-SUV max, NTR were independent prognostic markers for overall survival and progression free survival in Moroccan NPC patients (p<0.05).Conclusion: Our findings provide additional evidence into the complementary roles of HN-MRI and [18F] FDG PET/CT in TNM and overall staging of NPC. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Moroccan study to highlight N-SUV max and NTR derived from [18F] FDG-PET/CT as promising metabolic biomarkers for NPC prognosis.
Construction of Aluminum Alloy Constitutive Model Based on BP Neural Network and the Study of Non-isothermal Hydroforming
Authors: Liu Xiao Jing , Ma Xue Feng , Li Chao , Qin Jin , Chen Peng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
With the continuous development of high-end technology in aerospace and automotive, in order to meet the needs of high performance, high precision and lightweight of parts, the materials used are lightweight and strong, but very difficult to deform, so it is difficult to obtain high-quality, high-precision parts. In order to improve the forming quality and precision of parts, taking 6061-T6 aluminum alloy cylindrical cup with spherical bottom as the research object, the non-isothermal hydroforming process is studied by combining numerical simulation with experiment. The key of numerical simulation technology lies in the accuracy of simulation, which depends on the establishment of a suitable rheological stress relationship. So, a constitutive model that can truly reflect the thermoforming characteristics of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy materials is established through a uniaxial tensile test and BP neural network. Applying the constitutive model to the study of numerical simulation of non-isothermal hydroforming, the cylindrical cup with spherical bottom with high quality is obtained through the optimization of non-isothermal process parameters. After experimental verification, the results of numerical simulation are highly compatible with the actual forming results of parts, and have high reliability.
Optimal Subsampling Methods in Bike Sharing Data Analysis
Authors: Zhao Xiaofeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Bike sharing system are popular around the world. Traditional bike sharing system require the bikes to be returned to fixed stations, while morden system allows users to leave bikes wherever they like, ready for the next user to pick them up. Smartphone use GPS signal to keep track of its bikes and monitor where most bikes are used and where to place them. Smartphone simultaneously collect many other information such as weather condition, temperature and so on, these features have influence on the delivering amount of bikes. Due to the extensive number of smartphone users, big data technique is requried to handle this situation. We apply subsample method to this smartphone collected big data. In this paper, we derive non-uniform sampling distributions and propose optimal subsampling algorithm. We apply the proposed optimal subsampling algorithm to analyze the smartphone collected bike sharing data set, perfrom extensive computer experiments to evaluate the numerical performance of the proposed sampling algorithm. Our results indicated that the proposed optimal algorithm outperformed the uniform method and have faster running time than using the whole data set.
Stronger Educational Performance in Early Life Correlates with Higher Cancer Risk, Lower Dementia Risk and Lower All-cause Mortality in Later Life – but Why?
Authors: Mayburd Anatoly 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Better functioning nervous system stimulates other organs, promoting longevity. As a trade-off, this stimulation may result in enhanced oncogenesis. This hypothesis was tested by analyzing factors reflecting cognitive score and academic performance, Educational performance emerged as a universal independent negative correlate for most of comorbidities, except cancer, that forms a positive correlate. More educated individuals demonstrate more aggressive neoplasia and cancer patients demonstrate lesser mental and physical decline as compared with controls. Cognitive stability and high cognitive score were the statistically strongest anti-correlates of all-cause mortality, pointing to neurological health as the principal mediator of survival. The patients remaining clinically normal despite decreased cognitive scores demonstrated anomalously low mortality (~2.5% annual in the 90 years old). Such “dementia resister” phenotype was more prevalent in the higher education cohorts, which also demonstrated a delayed aging rate. Remaining life expectancy was linearly proportional to the baseline cognitive score. We proposed that systemic non-trauma mobilization of stem-cell activity by CNS acts as a permanent regenerative endogenous factor with the trade-off of increased cancer risk due to similar interactions with cancer stem cells. Novel markers of mortality risk can follow as practical applications.
Comparison of Hospital- and Community-Acquired Septic Shock in Children: A Single-Center, Cohort, Retrospective Study
Authors: Su Guoyun , Fan Chaonan , Fang Boliang , Xie Zhengde , Qian Suyun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

To explore differences between hospital- (HASS) and community-acquired septic shock (CASS) in patient characteristics, pathogens, complications, outcomes, and risk factors in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) children.
Methods

This retrospective study enrolled septic shock children from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2019. The patients were followed up until 28 days after shock or death and were divided into HASS and CASS groups. After comparison, logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for mortality.
Results

A total of 298 children were enrolled. 65.9% of HASS patients (N = 91) had hematological/tumor diseases and were mainly bloodstream infections of Gram-negative bacteria (47.3%). 67.7% of CASS (N = 207) had no obvious underlying disease and were mostly infected with Gram-positive bacteria (30.9%) of the respiratory or central nervous system. 28-day mortality was 62.6% and 32.7% in HASS and CASS groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The factor associated with 28-day mortality of HASS and CASS was MODS (OR:11.524; 95% CI: 2.140-62.051) and needed invasive mechanical ventilation therapy (OR:6.884; 95% CI: 1.499–31.624), respectively.
Conclusions

The underlying diseases, pathogens, complications, prognosis and mortality varied widely. 28-day mortality is associated with MODS and need for invasive mechanical ventilation therapy in HASS and CASS patients.
Proteomics and liquid biopsy characterization of human EMT-related metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yan Linhai , Ru Hai-Ming , Mo Si-Si , Wei Chun-Yin , Li Dai-Mou , Zhang Di , Yuan Hao , Mo Xian-Wei , Tang Wei-Zhong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the heterogeneity of EMT possibly affects colorectal cancer metastasis (mCRC) evolution. The aim of this study was to identify novel metastasis-related proteins and EMT-related pathways.Methods: The EMT status of the CTCs derived from CRC patients with liver metastasis was determined on the basis of surface markers. Comparative proteomic analysis was then performed on matched pairs of primary tumors, adjacent para-tumor and liver metastases tissues. An optimized proteomic workflow including data independent acquisition (DIA) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was used to screen for novel EMT-related protein clusters. Results: The proportion of the unstable epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M)-type CTCs correlated significantly with distant metastases. We screened 105 proteins related to EMT from 4,752 proteins identified in all samples, of which 40 proteins were differentially expressed across the different tissues. We identified a novel EMT-related protein cluster (e.g., GNG2, COL6A1, COL6A2, DCN, COL6A3, LAMB2, TNXB, CAVIN1) and found that the expression levels of the core EMT-related proteins KRAS and ERBB2 were altered during metastasis progression. The proteomics data indicated that KRAS, ERBB2, COL6A1 and CAVIN1 are promising EMT-related metastatic biomarkers.Conclusions: The plasticity of EMT phenotypes in the CTCs are key to CRC metastasis, prognosis and treatment outcome. Therapies targeting this aggressive CTC subset and the related proteins may suppress metastatic evolution.
Effect of the outbreak of horse-chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella Deschka &amp; Dimić) on tree-ring width in common horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.)
Authors: Cedro Anna , Nowak Grzegorz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Common horse-chestnut is frequently infested by the insect pest horse-chestnut leaf miner [HCLM; Cameraria ohridella (Deschka & Dimić, 1986), Gracillariidae, Lepidoptera]. The larvae, feeding on leaf parenchyma, cause browning and dehydration of leaves, which may be shed as early as in summer. The major aims of this study were: (1) to assess the effect of infestation by HCLM on ring-width dynamics in common horse-chestnut; (2) to determine the date of invasion of the pest; and (3) to compare the growth-climate response in the period before and after the invasion of HCLM. In 2017 in north-western Poland, samples from 30 horse-chestnut trees for the dendrochronological analysis were taken with help of a Pressler increment borer. The ring-width chronology was developed using standard dendrochronological methods. Dendroclimatological analyses were made in 2 periods: before the determined date of HCLM invasion (till the year 1999) and after the invasion (in 20002016). In 2000, in spite of favourable weather conditions, a reduced growth rate was observed in 91% of the analysed trees. The period of strong reductions lasted till 2010. Before the invasion, radial growth rate was dependent on temperature and precipitation in May and June of the current year, whereas after the invasion, the growth-climate response was dependent on temperature and precipitation in the preceding year and the correlation was stronger. Surprisingly, in recent years (2011–2016), in spite of infestation by HCLM every year, the health condition of the analysed trees has improved and tree-ring width has increased.
Mitigation of turbulence-induced scintillation and ASE noise using aperture averaging based on hybrid DPPM and OOK modulation of FSO systems
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The performance evaluation of free-space optical (FSO) communication using a digital pulse position modulation (DPPM) is investigated in this paper. The impact of atmospheric turbulence, scintillation and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise has been taken into account. To reduce the turbulence-induced scintillation and optical power penalty, the use aperture averaging (AA) has been proposed in this paper. To evaluate the bit-error rate (BER) performance in the presence the atmospheric turbulence and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), the use of the moment generation function (MGF) techniques are explained with the modified Chernoff bound (MCB) that is more accurate and an appropriate from Chernoff bound (CB). Such a system, which could provide a power efficient, a low cost, excessive flexibility and reliable or considered a massive solution in the bandwidth provision for future access networks, and together for higher data rate. The BER, are given for an optically preamplified DPPM FSO communication system impaired by pointing error (PE) and atmospheric turbulence combined, in addition to the ASE noise arising from the optical amplification. The gamma–gamma (GG) distribution model is used to characterize the whole range of turbulence conditions. The results reveal the superiority of DPPM with improved receiver sensitivity (at a binary data rate 2.5 Gbps and at typical FSO BER of 10 ^-9) of about 10 dB –11 dB for coding level (M) of 5 and optical link length (for turbulent interaction) of 2000 m more than an equivalent optically preamplified on-off keying non-return-to-zero (OOK-NRZ) approach, depending on the level of turbulence.
Cognıtıve Assessment of Young Adults Before and After Inıtıatıon of Combınatıon Antıretrovıral Therapy
Authors: Gül Özlem , Gündüz Alper , Sevgi Dilek Yıldız , Uzun Nuray , Dökmetaş İlyas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate cognitive functions and the factors affecting them in naive HIV-positive patients by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test before and after the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. Method: HIV-positive, treatment-naive patients monitored between January-June 2017 were included in the study. MoCA test was performed at the beginning and the 6th month of the treatment.Findings: Forty male patients were included in the study. The mean age was calculated as 29.1±4.0. When the factors affecting the MoCA score were examined, there was a significant relationship between the education level and the MoCA score. Smoking ,alcohol and substance did not have a meaningful impact on baseline MoCA values. A significant correlation was found between CD4 count and HIV RNA level and attention function. There was a significant increase in the total MoCA score and the MoCA subgroup scores at the end of the 6th month of the treatmentConclusion: MoCA test is one of the practical tests that can be applied in a short time period and it was found useful in evaluating the changes in the cognitive functions of HIV positive patients during antiretroviral treatment.