bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptomatic myocardial dysfunction was revealed by feature tracking cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Yokoe Isamu , Kobayashi Hitomi , Nishiwaki Atsuma , Nagasawa Yosuke , Kitamura Noboru , Haraoka Masaki , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Takei Masami , Nakamura Hideki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate subclinical left ventricular (LV) regional dysfunction in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) using feature tracking cardiac magnetic resonance (FT‐CMR) imaging and to identify pSS characteristics independently associated with LV regional dysfunction.MethodFifty patients with pSS and 20 controls without cardiovascular disease underwent non‐contrast CMR imaging. Labial gland biopsy was performed in 42 patients (84%). Disease activity was assessed using the European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI). LV global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), and global radial strain (GRS) were measured using FT‐CMR.ResultsNo significant differences in cardiovascular risk factors were found between the pSS group and controls. The pSS group had significantly lower GLS (P = .015) and GCS (P = .008) than the control group. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that GCS was significantly associated with Raynaud's phenomenon (P = .015), focus score ≥2 (P = .032), and total ESSDAI score ≥8 (P = .029).ConclusionFT‐CMR can reveal subclinical LV regional dysfunction in patients with pSS without cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, patients with pSS and Raynaud's phenomenon, a focus score ≥2, or an ESSDAI score ≥8 were considered to be at high risk for myocardial dysfunction.
The syn‐rift tectono‐stratigraphic record of rifted margins (Part I): Insights from the Alpine Tethys
Authors: Manatschal Gianreto , Chenin Pauline , Ghienne Jean‐François , Ribes Charlotte , Masini Emmanuel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of rift systems is at present poorly understood, especially the one preceding the onset of oceanic seafloor spreading. Improving our understanding of the complex, polyphase tectonic evolution of the fossil Alpine Tethys, one of the best calibrated magma‐poor rift systems worldwide, offers great potential for the interpretation of the distal part of global rifted margins, which notoriously lack data. In this paper, we propose a tectono‐stratigraphic model for the former Alpine Tethys, whose remnants are exposed in the Alps of Western Europe. We first review the historical evolution of some concepts grounding present knowledge on the Alpine‐ and global magma‐poor rifted margins. Then we present a spatial and temporal template for the Alpine Tethys rift system using a ‘building block (BB)’ approach. This new approach is powerful in that it can integrate high‐resolution, structural, stratigraphic, thermochronological, and petrological observations from dismembered outcrops into a margin‐scale template compatible with the first‐order seismic architecture defined at present‐day, magma‐poor rifted margins. The detailed analysis of the syn‐rift sequence of the Alpine Tethys margins demonstrates that extension migrated and localised while evolving from the stretching to the necking phase. During hyperextension, rifting was asymmetric and controlled by in‐sequence detachment faulting. Then, the rift system evolved back into a more symmetric, embryonic spreading system. With this contribution, we aim to allow readers without knowledge of the Alps to access this unique ‘archive’ preserving some of the world's best‐exposed rift structures. Recognising these structures is critical to understand the origin of some new concepts used to explain present‐day, deep‐water rifted margins, and to interpret and predict the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution during advanced stages of rifting.
The influence of spatial patterns in foraging habitat on the abundance and home range size of a vulnerable arboreal marsupial in southeast Australia
Authors: Wagner Benjamin , Baker Patrick J. , Nitschke Craig R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWildlife can persist in a range of landscape configurations, but population densities can vary due to resource availability. Resources and environmental conditions shaping habitat suitability may be spatially dispersed or clumped, which can drive habitat availability. We explored how spatial configuration and aggregation of favorable feeding resources and climatic conditions affect populations of the greater glider (Petauroides volans), an arboreal marsupial in southeast Australia, vulnerable to climate change and disturbances. We hypothesized home‐range functionality from literature and field observations and used a generalized spatial framework based on neutral landscape models to test how spatial aggregation influences home‐range sizes and population structure. At the landscape scale, any decrease in climatic suitability also decreased potential population density, independent of the initial spatial configuration of the feeding landscape. At the stand scale however, the spatial configuration of feeding habitat drove population density. Dispersed resources required increased home‐range sizes for individual greater gliders to obtain feeding resources and resulted in smaller populations. Clumped resources supported larger populations, even when only small fractions of the stand contained feeding habitat. Disturbances to these resources could either retain populations or lead to extinction, depending on spatial aggregation and disturbance intensity. Increasingly severe dispersed disturbances caused potential home ranges to disappear more rapidly and remaining home ranges to become larger and contain less feeding habitat. The ability of greater gliders to establish populations and persist under disturbance was therefore highly dependent on the spatial aggregation of habitat resources and the type and severity of disturbance. Changes in climate act at a different scale and may override favorable habitat conditions at the stand level. Our results have implications for the conservation and retention of critical feeding habitat for greater gliders and provide insights into important factors to ensure population persistence under climate change and forest management.
Equine multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease in two horses in Italy
Authors: Stucchi L. , Lo Feudo C. M. , Valli C. , Serra A. , Riccaboni P. , Zucca E. , Ferrucci F. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryEquine multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (EMEED) is a rare condition characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of multiple organs. The aim of the present work was to describe two clinical cases that occurred in Italy, where no previous EMEED cases have been reported. A 2‐year‐old Standardbred colt was referred for poor body condition, multiple oral ulcerations, ventral and limb oedema, nasal discharge and coughing. Relative eosinophilia, increased ALP, GGT, LDH and hypoalbuminaemia were detected. Abdominal ultrasonography showed hepatomegaly and hepatic biopsy revealed eosinophilic hepatitis. After euthanasia, post‐mortem examination revealed eosinophilic infiltration and fibrosis of intestinal wall, liver, pancreas and mesenteric lymph nodes. The second case was a 13‐year‐old pony hospitalised for acute respiratory distress, poor body condition, nasal discharge, cough and dyspnoea. Leucocytosis with relative eosinophilia was detected. Thoracic ultrasonography showed disseminated comet tail artefacts. Endoscopy of the airways revealed disseminated white nodules in the nasal cavities and nasopharynx; biopsy showed eosinophilic infiltrates. After euthanasia, post‐mortem examination revealed eosinophilic infiltration of intestinal wall, liver, mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs and kidneys. Both patients presented with poor body condition, which is the most common sign of EMEED. They also showed nasal discharge, and the second case showed respiratory distress and disseminated white nodules, which have not been reported previously. In both cases, liver involvement was observed. Post‐mortem examination provided the most specific findings, such as lymphadenomegaly and eosinophilic infiltration of multiple organs. Although weight loss remains the main sign of EMEED, liver and airway evaluation was extremely useful for the diagnosis in these cases.
Evolution of innate defense in human skin
Authors: Christophers Enno , Schröder Jens‐Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMore often as compared to other barrier systems (gastrointestinal, urogenital, and respiratory linings) human skin over millions of years has been subject to fundamental changes in structure and function. When life on land started, the first changes consisted in the formation of a coherent impermeable stratum corneum. Two‐legged locomotion was followed by loss of body hair and formation of sweat glands. Major changes took place after the agricultural revolution, investigating settlements with domestication of animals and plants. Living together after giving up nomadic life, hairless skin became a battlefield for pathogens, members of the skin microbiome, and arthropod visits. Human skin became exceptional in showing a boosted, highly developed immune system which is much more complex as compared to the "skins" of other species. A recently found skin disinfection system ("Cationic Intrinsically Disordered Antimicrobial Peptides, CIDAMPs") dates back to the origins of life and still is active in present‐day integuments. As a skin‐restricted and effective principle, keratinocyte‐ myeloid synergy (KMS) is recognized. As a consequence of such highly developed immune defense, the basic contributions of KMS ‐ cells (keratinocytes, neutrophils, macrophages) in regulating innate immunity is emphasized. Antimicrobial peptides and chemokines became major keratinocyte products. The formation of impermeable str. corneum membrane has enabled KMS ‐ cells to accumulate within upper skin levels and cause a special group of human skin diseases, pustular dermatoses.
Sodium zirconium phosphate‐based glass‐ceramics as potential wasteforms for the immobilization of nuclear wastes
Authors: Scales Nicholas , Dayal Pranesh , Aughterson Robert D. , Zhang Yingjie , Gregg Daniel J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA comprehensive study on the development of sodium zirconium phosphate (NZP)‐based glass‐ceramic composites as potential wasteforms for the immobilization of nuclear wastes is reported. Two complementary waste treatment routes, the ex situ and in situ crystallisation of NZP with a sodium aluminoborosilicate glass, were investigated with various processing conditions including sintering temperature, cooling rate and NZP to glass ratios. While the ex situ route with mixing of pre‐made NZP and glass is a robust and reliable means of producing the glass‐ceramic composites, the in situ crystallisation of NZP from an amorphous NZP precursor is a more realistic processing route. The formation of ZrO2 as a minor phase was observed especially for high NZP to glass ratios due to the solubility difference between Zr and P oxides in glass. The addition of extra phosphate can overcome this and yield glass‐ceramic composites with appropriate NZP stoichiometry. Overall, the NZP glass‐ceramic system is versatile offering multiple processing options for nuclear waste management.
Drivers of genetic differentiation and recent evolutionary history of an Eurasian wild pea
Authors: Hellwig Timo , Abbo Shahal , Ophir Ron 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimGenetic diversity is a major determinant for the capacity of species to persist and adapt to their environments. Unravelling the factors affecting genetic differentiation is crucial to understand how genetic diversity is shaped and species may react to changing environments. We investigated the drivers of genetic differentiation and their interplay with the evolutionary history in a wild pea to test how those may have affected the distribution of genetic diversity.LocationMediterranean basin, western Asia.TaxonPisum sativum (Fabaceae).MethodsWe employed restriction site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing of a collection of 81 wild pea samples. The influence of environmental factors on genetic differentiation was tested by estimating the association of these factors and genetic variation using gradient forest analysis. Stairwayplots were used to estimate past effective population sizes and clines of allele frequencies were analysed to detect past expansion patterns. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with environmental variables was tested to find signatures of local adaptation.ResultsThe effect of the tested factors influencing genetic differentiation was variable among genetic clusters. Climate predictors were most important in all clusters. Land cover was more important in clusters from areas strongly influenced by human land use. We found statistically significant associations of 3623 SNPs with environmental variables. Most of these SNPs were correlated with latitude followed by temperature. Wild peas went through a genetic bottleneck during the last glacial period followed by population recovery. The detected range expansion patterns suggested an eastward range expansion of the European cluster to Turkey and thereof southwards and eastwards.Main conclusionDrivers of genetic differentiation do not act in a uniform manner within a species. The distribution of genetic variation and the processes affecting this distribution have to be viewed in the context of the hierarchical structure of genetic variation and the environment of its entities to understand how genetic diversity was shaped and may change in the future.
Impact of renaming NAFLD to MAFLD in an Australian regional cohort: Results from a prospective population‐based study
Authors: Kemp William , Clayton‐Chubb Daniel , Majeed Ammar , Glenister Kristen M , Magliano Dianna J , Lubel John , Bourke Lisa , Simmons David , Roberts Stuart K 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsClinical and public health implications of the recent redefining of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remain unclear. We sought to determine the prevalence and compare MAFLD with NAFLD in a well‐defined cohort.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in regional Victoria with participants from randomly selected households. Demographic and health‐related clinical and laboratory data were obtained. Fatty liver was defined as a fatty liver index ≥ 60 with MAFLD defined according to recent international expert consensus.ResultsA total of 722 participants were included. Mean age was 59.3 ± 16 years, and 55.3% were women with a median body mass index of 27.8 kg/m2. Most (75.2%) participants were overweight or obese. MAFLD was present in 341 participants giving an unadjusted prevalence of 47.2% compared with a NAFLD prevalence of 38.7%. Fifty‐nine (17.5%) participants met the criteria of MAFLD but not NAFLD. The increased prevalence of MAFLD in this cohort was primarily driven by dual etiology of fatty liver. All participants classified as NAFLD met the new definition of MAFLD. Compared with NAFLD subjects, participants with MAFLD had higher ALT (26.0 [14.0] U/L vs 30.0 [23] U/L, P = 0.024), but there were no differences in non‐invasive markers for steatosis or fibrosis.ConclusionMetabolic‐associated fatty liver disease is a highly prevalent condition within this large community cohort. Application of the MAFLD definition increased prevalence of fatty liver disease by including people with dual etiologies of liver disease.
International Neuroendocrine Federation: Year 2020 in Review
Authors: Prevot Vincent 
Published: October 2021

In this “Year 2020 in Review”, we highlight a few major achievements selected from the work of 10 member societies of the International Neuroendocrine Federation, encompassing national, regional and thematic societies from around 30 countries. Despite the Covid‐19 pandemic, many remarkable breakthroughs have come to light in 2020, testifying to the dedication of our researchers and providing a ray of optimism as we head towards the 10th International Congress of Neuroendocrinology (ICN) to be held in Glasgow in August 2022.
Health impacts of climate change on gender diverse populations: A scoping review
Authors: Simmonds Katherine E. , Jenkins Julie , White Bradley , Nicholas Patrice K. , Bell Jessica 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo determine what is known about climate change health effects for gender diverse (GD) populations, and identify gaps in research, practice, education, and policy.Design/MethodsA scoping review was conducted.FindingsTwenty‐seven information sources met inclusion criteria. Natural disasters and inadequate disaster relief responses were identified as an overarching health threat for GD populations. Within this theme, four sub‐themes emerged. No other climate‐related health impacts for GD populations were mentioned in the sources reviewed.ConclusionsThere are major gaps in knowledge about health implications of climate change for GD populations. Gender‐sensitive data must be collected in order to better understand these threats and detect disparities. Currently most practice and policy recommendations focus on disaster relief. More research on the broad effects of climate change on GD populations is urgently needed to inform practice and policy.Clinical relevanceClimate change amplifies existing risks of adverse health outcomes. Because of discrimination, stigma, and violence, gender diverse individuals are particularly vulnerable.
Using blend wavelengths in order to improve the safety and efficacy of laser hair removal
Authors: Noyman Yehonatan , Levi Assi , Reiter Ofer , Lapidoth Moshe 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs the pursuit for a safe and effective device for laser hair removal continues, the use of simultaneous multiple wavelengths in a single device requires further exploration.AimTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel multi‐wavelength laser device for hair removal.Patients and methodsThis retrospective cohort study included adult participants of both sexes with Fitzpatrick skin types of III and IV. Hairy sites were treated by a multiple wavelength (810nm, 940nm, and 1064nm) laser device (Primelase, Coccoon medical, Barcelona, Spain). Laser parameters included: fluence of 14–20 J/cm2, pulse duration of 7–30 ms, and spot size of 20*9 mm2. Participants underwent up to 7 treatments at 6–8 weeks intervals and were followed for 6 months after the last treatment session. "Before" and "after" clinical photographs were acquired and were used to evaluate efficacy by 2 independent dermatologists. They employed the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS; scale of 0 [no improvement] to 4 [excellent improvement; Over 75% hair reduction]). Participants’ satisfaction was rated on a scale of 1 (not satisfied) to 5 (very satisfied). Pain perception and adverse events were recorded as well.ResultsEighteen participants (6 men, 12 women) were included with a total of 49 treatment sites. Mean hair reduction was 3.6 out of 4 in the GAIS. Participants’ satisfaction rate was high (mean 4.5). Beside mild transient discomfort during the procedure, no adverse events were recorded.ConclusionThe use of a multiple wavelengths’ laser device is safe and effective for hair removal.
Amino acid complex (AAComplex) benefits in cosmetic products: In vitro and in vivo clinical studies
Authors: Diaz Isabel , Namkoong Jin , Wu Joanna Qiang , Giancola Giorgiana 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAmino acids are major components of skin's natural moisturizing factors and play a role in regulating skin hydration and skin pH.ObjectiveThis research examines a proprietary amino acid complex technology (AAComplex) designed to help reduce skin irritation and repair skin damage.Methods
In‐ vitro Scratch Assay
HaCaT cells are scratched, and the wounds are imaged at different time points until the closure of the scratch wound is detected.
In‐vitro 3D Reconstructed Human Tissue Evaluation
The concentration of heat shock protein 27 (HSP‐27) extracted from 3D reconstructed human skin equivalent tissues and IL‐1a released to the media was determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.
In Vivo Clinical Study
37 subjects were enrolled in a split‐face study design. On test days 1, 2, 4, and 8, subjects visited the test facility to have their face assessed by facial swabbing and bio‐instrumentation measurements.Results

In‐ vitro Scratch Assay

The AAComplex demonstrated a strong cell renewal benefit in the HaCaT (human) cells scratch assay.
In Vitro 3D Reconstructed Human Tissue Evaluation
AAComplex demonstrated a significant skin repair benefit by quantifying Heat Shock Protein, HSP‐27. Induced skin irritation was significantly reduced by quantifying interleukin‐1 alpha biomarker, IL‐1a.
In Vivo Clinical Study
The test products delivered skin benefits by reducing visual redness and skin irritation while increasing moisturization.ConclusionThe in vitro and in vivo clinical studies demonstrated that the AAComplex technology formulated in the commercially available Skin Recovery System effectively reduced skin irritation and redness as well as accelerating the skin repair process.
Myths and media in oral collagen supplementation for the skin, nails, and hair: A review
Authors: Rustad Andrea M. , Nickles Melissa A. , McKenney Jenna E. , Bilimoria Sara N. , Lio Peter A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs a key component of the hair, skin, and nails, there is strong consumer interest in the dermatologic efficacy of oral collagen supplementation. Oral supplementation with collagen peptides has increased in popularity in recent years.AimsThere are relatively few studies investigating the dermatologic effects of ingested collagen peptides, many of which are limited by sample size and variability of results. The question remains whether there is sufficient evidence to support companies’ promises and consumers’ goals.MethodsIn this review, we investigate and compare the claims surrounding collagen supplementation on Instagram and YouTube, made by collagen companies, and established in the literature.ResultsAlthough some studies have demonstrated that collagen supplementation can enhance skin qualities such as elasticity and hydration, dermatologic claims in the media surpass any evidence currently supported by the literature.ConclusionsMore research is needed to establish knowledge of the effects and physiologic mechanism of collagen supplementation. Dermatologists should be aware of the unsubstantiated proclamations of collagen made by companies and in social media, as well as what evidence is established thus far, to be equipped to discuss collagen supplementation with patients.