bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Penyerapan Nilai Hukum Islam dan Hukum Adat dalam Pengaturan Tindak Pidana Perzinaan
Authors: Usman Usman , Rahayu Sri , Siregar Elizabeth 
Published: June 2021

Reflecting on the impact of adultery, adultery is a despicable act that deserves to be criminalized. Even so, the prohibition on adultery in Article 284 of the Criminal Code does not cover every form of adultery as in the view of the law that lives in society as reflected in Islamic and customary laws. The model for the formulation of the criminal act of adultery in the 2019 Criminal Code Bill has adopted the definition of adultery from the law that lives in society, although it does not yet view the perpetrator's marital status and pregnancy as burdensome elements. Likewise, it does not criminalize women who with their consent commit adultery because of trickery, and lightly penalize the perpetrators of living together as a family without being married. Therefore, the model for the formulation of the criminal act of adultery in the upcoming Criminal Code Bill should take into account: a) the marital status of the perpetrator and pregnancy as elements that are burdensome for the crime; b) a woman who with her consent commits adultery because of a trick is both a victim and a perpetrator so that she can be convicted; c) persons who live together as husband and wife outside of marriage should receive a heavier punishment than the basic form of adultery.
Abstrak
Bercermin dari dampak perzinaan, maka perzinaan merupakan perbuatan tercela yang pantas dikriminalisasi. Meskipun demikian, larangan perzinaan dalam Pasal 284 KUHP belum mencakup setiap bentuk perzinaan sebagaimana dalam pandangan hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat yang tercermin dari hukum Islam dan hukum adat. Model perumusan tindak pidana perzinaan dalam RUU KUHP tahun 2019 telah mengadopsi definisi zina dari hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat, meskipun belum memandang status perkawinan pelaku dan kehamilan sebagai unsur yang memberatkan. RUU juga tidak mengkriminalisasi perempuan yang dengan persetujuannya melakukan perzinaan karena tipu muslihat, dan memidana ringan pelaku hidup bersama sebagai keluarga tanpa nikah. Oleh karena itu model pengaturan tindak pidana perzinaan dalam RUU KUHP mendatang sebaiknya memerhatikan: a) status perkawinan pelaku dan kehamilan sebagai unsur yang memberatkan pidana; b) perempuan yang dengan persetujuannya melakukan perzinaan karena tipu muslihat merupakan korban sekaligus pelaku sehingga dapat dipidana; c) orang yang melakukan hidup bersama sebagai suami istri di luar perkawinan seharusnya mendapat pidana lebih berat dibanding jenis perzinaan dalam bentuk pokok.
Rasisme dan Penerapan Pasal Makar terhadap Kebebasan Ekspresi Politik Papua
Authors: Wiratraman Herlambang P. 
Published: June 2021

Freedom of political expression has not been fully guaranteed in the Indonesian legal system. One of the most prominent in the legal debate is the matter of treason (makar) charges against political expressions of self-determination. In the case of Papua, many Papuans have been detained, criminalised, and even killed because of their political expression. Interestingly, the Constitutional Court, through its decision Number 7/PUU-XV/2017, provided guidance in its ‘ratio decidendi’ argument, specifically the interpretation of treason phrases in the Criminal Code. Interpretation is given by the Constitutional Court after seeing the reality that law enforcement has been arbitrarily abused by the application of the treason article. This is contrary to the freedom of association, opinion and expression, as guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This article discusses how the application of the phrase treason in law enforcement, especially in connection with the conviction of many Papuans after the Surabaya anti-racism rallies in September 2019. A number of district court decisions on dozens of convicted Papuans show that the legal system that guarantees freedom of political expression has not changed much and law enforcement in fact emphasises the position of racial discrimination and is far below the standard of human rights law.
Abstrak
Kebebasan ekspresi politik belum sepenuhnya dijamin dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Salah satu yang paling mengemuka dalam perdebatan hukum adalah soal tuduhan makar terhadap ekspresi politik menentukan nasib sendiri. Dalam kasus Papua, tidak sedikit jumlah warga Papua yang ditahan, dikriminalkan, hingga tewas terbunuh karena soal ekspresi politiknya. Menariknya, Mahkamah Konstitusi melalui putusannya Nomor 7/PUU-XV/2017 memberikan panduan dalam argumen ratio decidendinya, khusus interpretasi frasa makar dalam Kitab-Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Penafsiran diberikan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi setelah melihat realitas penegakan hukum telah banyak disalahgunakan penerapan pasal makar. Hal demikian bertentangan dengan kebebasan berkumpul, berpendapat dan berekspresi, sebagaimana dijamin dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Artikel ini membahas bagaimana penerapan frasa makar dalam penegakan hukumnya, khususnya berkaitan dengan dipidananya banyak warga Papua setelah aksi anti rasisme Surabaya pada September 2019. Sejumlah putusan pengadilan negeri atas puluhan warga Papua yang dipidana tersebut memperlihatkan sistem hukum yang menjamin kebebasan ekspresi politik tidak banyak berubah dan penegakan hukum justru menegaskan posisi diskriminasi rasial serta jauh dari standar hukum hak asasi manusia.
Amenazas que enfrentan los monos congo (Alouata palliata) en Costa Rica e iniciativas de conservación para el bienestar y una coexistencia sana con la especie
Authors: Gabriela Jones Román  , Cinthia Villalobos Suárez  , Rose Marie Menacho Odio  
Published: June 2021

El mono congo (Alouatta palliata) es una de las cuatro especies de primates de Costa Rica cuyo estatus de conservación la ubica como especie en peligro de extinción. La principal amenaza que enfrentan los monos congo es la pérdida del hábitat y la fragmentación del bosque situación que expone a sus poblaciones a problemas relacionados con el aislamiento, la pérdida de conectividad en el paisaje y un ambiente modificado por infraestructuras de origen antropogénico. Se expone la relevancia de atender la problemática que experimentan los monos congo en pro de su bienestar mediante el trabajo interinstitucional coordinado, la aplicación de la robusta legislación costarricense y el conocimiento ecológico existente de la especie.
FORSITE TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN ECONOMIC RESEARCH
Authors: Prodanova Larysa 
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the theory and practice of modern technologies of scientific prediction and forecasting of scenarios of the future state of society and its economy for the purposes of effective formation and implementation of socio-economic policy. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of the use of foresight technologies in modern economic research. The dynamics of research publications (journal articles) on the subject of foresight (by keywords "foresight", "foresight technology", "foresight methodology"), presented in the online collection of published scientific materials ScienceDirect published by Elsevier, for the period 1997–2020 is analyzed. The tendencies of foresight distribution in the world practice of scientifically substantiated forecasting and programming of social and economic processes are characterized. The experience of conducting foresight research in the United States, the European Union, Japan, as well as in Kazakhstan, Belarus and Russia is summarized. It is emphasized that the experience of domestic and foreign foresight should be organized taking into account the specifics of the following numerous components of the foresight process: purpose and objectives of the study, way of presenting the future and results, information sources, approach to organization, process structure, procedure and stages of research, research methods and their combination, priority area, scale, field of implementation and scope, focus and time horizon, initiators and performers, range of stakeholders and potential users, results obtained and end effects, sources of funding. As a result of the analysis of the achievements of Ukrainian scientists and the domestic practice of applying the methods of scientific prediction, it is concluded that Ukraine is at the initial stage of the development of foresight technologies.
Urgensi Standarisasi Islam ASWAJA ANNAHDLIYYAH untuk Perdamaian Indonesia dan Dunia
Authors: Fadil Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

Penulisan karya tulis ini bertujuan untuk mengajak siapapun tanpa tebang pilih agar lebih dekat dengan Nahdlatul Ulama, sebuah organisasi masyarakat yang salah satu tujuan dilahirkannya adalah demi melembagakan wawasan keagamaan yang dianut sebelumnya yakni A hlussunnah wal Jama’ah dan juga demi memenuhi kebutuhan perdamaian dunia di mana dewasa ini sangat rawan terhadap perpecahan akibat berbagai kepentingan mulai dari perbedaan pandangan politik, sosial, hingga kultur. Adapun yang menjadi latar belakang penulisan karya tulis ini adalah memaparkan betapa urgennya peran Islam Nahdlatul Ulama (An-Nahdliyyah) berpaham Aswaja bagi perdamaian dunia, khususnya bagi Negara Indonesia dengan background kemajemukan serta keberagamannya. Indonesia menjadi negara demokrasi dengan segala perbedaan dan kemajemukan yang ada, tetapi tetap bersatu padu, menciptakan kedamaian dalam satu bingkai kebangsaan. Indonesia bisa menjadi role model bagi negara-negara di dunia, khususnya bagi negara konflik dengan isu agama, bahwa perdamaian dan persatuan adalah perlu demi menjaga keutuhan suatu bangsa, dan Indonesia telah membuktikan harmoni itu. Selain sebab ideologi Pancasila yang terbukti mampu menyatukan perbedaan, Indonesia juga memiliki organisasi sebesar Nahdlatul Ulama yang telah terbukti hadir menjawab tantangan perbedaan. Nahdlatul Ulama merupakan organisasi masyarakat yang ramah, tidak marah. Merangkul, bukan memukul. Keberadaannya di tengah masyarakat mampu menjadi oase yang menyejukkan, dan menjadi garda terdepan dalam menjaga perdamaian serta keutuhan bangsa, sebagaimana yang tertuang dalam butir prinsip-prinsip yang selama ini Nahdlatul Ulama pegang teguh. Apakah Negara-negara di dunia, khususnya negara konflik yang kental dengan isu agama dapat mencontoh harmoni yang tercipta di tengah keberagaman Indonesia? Oh, tentu saja bisa. Oleh karena itu, dalam bab perdamaian mari belajar kepada Indonesia, dan mari lebih dekat dengan Nahdlatul Ulama.
NILAI NILAI PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF TAFSIR AL-AZHAR KARYA BUYA HAMKA
Authors: Mukarromah Ivatul , Syukron Buyung , Fathonah Isti 
Published: June 2021

Dalam tulisan ini bertujuan menghadirkan problematika dan solusi pendidikan dalam wacana pendidikan multikultural yang dianalisa serta dikembangkan melalui pengkajian konsep serta nilai pendidikan multikultural dalam Al-Quran dengan perspektif tafsir Al-Azhar karya Buya Hamka. Metode pengkajian mengunakan kajian library riset atau kepustakaan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan pendekatan tafsir maudu’i/tematik karna bersinggungan dengan kajian Al-Quran. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada Qs. Al-Hujurat ayat 11-13 meng-intepretasi akan pendidikan multikultural berupa nilai-nilai pendidikan multikultural yakni: 1)Nilai Perdamaian, 2)Nilai Inklusivisme, 3)Nilai Kearifan, 4)Nilai Toleransi, 5)Nilai Humanisme.
PENGGUNAAN SLIDE INTERAKTIF PADA PEMBELAJARAN DARING MATERI SUBSTANSI GENETIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN ASPEK KOGNITIF SISWA
Authors: Dewi Anggitalina Pramilia 
Published: June 2021

This research aims to determine the cognitive aspects enhancement of genetic substance material using interactive slide media in the online learning for students of Trensains Muhammadiyah high school grade twelveThis research is a classroom action research conducted in three cycles. Each cycles consist of four stages, they are; planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The subject in this research was a twelve grade students of Trensains Muhammadiyah high school sragen in academic year 2020/2021 with the amount 24 students. The data is processed through observation, questionnaire and test. The data analysis was conducted in a descriptive qualitative manner based on the results of observations and questionnaire as well as qualitatively on the result of cognitive test.. The result of the research shows that the number of students who achieved the minimum completeness score (KKM) 70 in the first cycle is 14 students (58,33%), second cycle is 15 students (62,5%), and third cycle is 18 students (75%) from the subject amount 24 24 students. Students cognitive ability increase in each cycle. The average of student cognitive aspect in cycle 1 is 73,3%, cycle 2 is 76,7%, and cycle 3 is 80,4%. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the use of interactive slide media in the online learning of genetic substance material can improve cognitive aspects of student in grade XII MIPA 3 Trensians Muhammadiyah high school Sragen.
Arabic Legal Phraseology in Positive Law and Jurisprudence: The Historical Influence of Translation
Authors: Halimi Sonia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present study examines Arabic legal phraseology formation from the standpoint of positive law and jurisprudence. It claims that phraseological constructions in Arabic legislative and statutory texts are largely influenced by the translation process of Roman law texts. However, scholarly literature still relies to some extent on formulae used in the Islamic jurisprudence. To illustrate this, three examples of legal principles anchored in Islamic jurisprundence, known as legal maxims, are subjected to a comparative analysis and discussed along with their corresponding expressions in positive law in modern-day Arabic. Ultimately, the purpose of this paper is twofold: firstly, to demonstrate that the phraseology present in many Arabic positive laws is fully adapted to corresponding formulations in the Roman law, steming from a historical translation process that accompanied the codification movement in the beginning of the 20th century; secondly, to emphasize the significance of textual genre awareness in legal translation. Concretely, the introductory section provides an overview of recent studies that have addressed legal phraseologisms. It is followed by a section on the historical role of translation in the construction of certain phraseologisms. The general legal principles of (a) burden of proof, (b) presumption of innocence, and (c) the pacta sunt servanda principle are then examined in order to shed light on the influence of both the Civilist tradition and Islamic jurisprudence on the use of legal Arabic today, as well as to demonstrate how the translation of phraseologisms is dependent on the parameters of genre. The analysis leads to the conclusion that proper use of phraseologisms, whether in drafting or translation, is closely linked to knowledge of phraseology formation and the historical influence of translation.
Linguistics Difficulties in Harmonisation of European Union Law: The Example of Directives on Procedural Guaranties in Criminal Matters
Authors: de Laforcade Agata 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMultilingual writing of European directives is faced with a few linguistic difficulties, like choosing an appropriate legal terms. All linguistic versions shall reflect the same content event though the legal system of each Member State is different and some legal concept do not have an equivalent in other legal systems. In this way, legal writing of European Directive is a very complex subject both from legal and linguistic perspective. The aim of this article is to discuss different linguistics difficulties that could appear during the harmonisation of criminal proceedings in European Union, where multilingualism is a key value and to analyse the possible solutions, when dealing with those difficulties. It seems that even if multilingualism is a big challenge to European Union, it could have a positive influence on the quality of European legislation.
The Ecological Insight of the Bunga’ Lalang Rice Farming Tradition in Luwu Society, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Thayyib Magfirah 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The ecological insights of local farming traditions have the potential to be adapted to modern agricultural practices. The article presents an exploration of the ecological insights of the bunga’ lalang rice farming tradition in the Luwu society, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Four rituals of the tradition were observed directly during their performance, followed by interviews with eleven figures including the ritual masters. Each ritual of the bunga’ lalang tradition was treated as a discourse and the meanings of the biological elements are extracted to generate ecological knowledge that is biologically logical and compatible with modern scientific knowledge in rice farming.
Investigation on the microstructure, microhardness, and tribological behavior of AA1100-hBN surface composite
Authors: Premkumar R. , Vignesh R. V. , Padmanaban R. , Govindaraju M. , Santhi R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aluminum alloy AA1100 has less wear resistance and mechanical properties than that of other aluminum alloys. This research work is on the fabrication of surface composites of AA1100 alloy by friction stir processing (FSP). The surface composites are fabricated by reinforcing hBN (hexagonal Boron Nitride) in AA1100 alloy to improve the mechanical and tribological properties. The influence of process parameters, rotational speed (rpm), and transverse speed (mm/min) on the microstructural evolution and properties of the fabricated surface composites is investigated.
The Controversy between Niklas Luhmann and Jűrgen Habermas Related to Sociological Approach to Law
Authors: Jovanoski Aleksandar , Rustemi Agron 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present a brief insight into the significant works and views of the German sociologists Niklas Luhmann and Jűrgen Habermas on the role of law in regulating human relations in society. Educated as a lawyer, Niklas Luhmann in the late academic career was under the influence of the American sociologist Talcott Parsons. Niklas Luhmann later, under the influence of the American sociologist Talcott Parsons, he built a sociological theoretical system called the systems theory. On the other side, Jűrgen Habermas was a philosopher and sociologist, highly influenced by the Frankfurt school of sociology. According to Luhmann‘s systems theory, the social reality and the separate aspects of the social life are part of a deeper system called society, and in relation to the same they are set as subsystems. Social systems are divided into allopoietic and autopoietic. One of the significant axioms of Luhmann’s theory is that the largest number of systems tends to simplify due to the pressure of the environment for greater efficiency. Law in Luhman’s systems theory enjoys the status of an autonomous system for regulating society, rather than an instrumental contribution to politics. This brief review exposed a big clash between two influential German thinkers. In this paper we are going to use historical method and analysing of the content of different materials and previous authors that are dealing with the work of Niklas Luhmann and Jűrgen Habermas.
Strategi dan Solusi Layanan Bimbingan Konseling Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Chotimawati Yuni 
Published: June 2021

Guidance and counseling service is an integral part of the educational process in the education unit. During the Covid-19 pandemic, strategies and solutions are needed so it can be carried out online. Whatsapp is a social media that has been widely known and used by many people in Indonesia. The features found on Whatsapp support the implementation of online guidance and counseling service including its supporting activities such as classical formats, group formats, and individual formats. Classical format and group format services can be carried out through one of Whatsapp features known as Whatsapp Messenger Group, while individual format services can be conducted through Whatsapp Chat. However, there are some obstacles faced in using Whatsapp as a medium for online guidance and counseling services. Some of the obstacles that often arise are unstable signal, insufficient memory on cellphone due to many files received, lack of interaction between teachers and students, difficulty to check the seriousness of students, lack of student motivation, lack of supporting devices, and difficulty to understand the material given. However, despite all the obstacles that may occur, as a user friendly platform and very popular in Indonesia and even in the world, Whatsapp can still be used as a strategic media and solution for guidance and counseling service during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Perbandingan Decision Tree J48, REPTREE, dan Random Tree dalam Menentukan Prediksi Produksi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Fuzzy Tsukamoto
Authors: Tundo Tundo , 'Uyun Shofwatul 
Published: June 2021

<h2 align="center"> </h2><p class="Default">Penelitian ini menerangkan analisis <em>decision tree</em> J48, REP<em>Tree</em> dan <em>Random Tree</em> dengan menggunakan metode <em>fuzzy </em>Tsukamoto dalam penentuan jumlah produksi minyak kelapa sawit di perusahaan PT Tapiana Nadenggan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui <em>decision tree</em> mana yang hasilnya mendekati dari data sesungguhnya. Digunakannya <em>decision tree</em> J48, REP<em>Tree</em>, dan <em>Random Tree</em> yaitu untuk mempercepat dalam pembuatan <em>rule </em>yang digunakan tanpa harus berkonsultasi dengan para pakar dalam menentukan <em>rule</em> yang digunakan. Berdasarkan data yang digunakan akurasi pembentukan <em>rule</em> dari <em>decision tree</em> J48 adalah 95,2381%, REP<em>Tree</em> adalah 90,4762%, dan <em>Random</em> <em>Tree</em> adalah 95,2381%. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dihitung bahwa metode <em>fuzzy Tsukamoto</em> dengan menggunakan REP<em>Tree</em> mempunyai <em>error Average Forecasting Error Rate </em>(AFER) yang lebih kecil sebesar 23,17 % dibandingkan dengan menggunakan J48 sebesar 24,96 % dan <em>Random Tree</em> sebesar 36,51 % pada prediksi jumlah produksi minyak kelapa sawit. Oleh sebab itu ditemukan sebuah gagasan bahwa akurasi pohon keputusan yang terbentuk menggunakan <em>tools </em>WEKA tidak menjamin akurasi yang terbesar adalah yang terbaik, buktinya dari kasus ini REP<em>Tree</em> memiliki akurasi <em>rule</em> paling kecil, akan tetapi hasil prediksi memiliki tingkat <em>error</em> paling kecil, dibandingkan dengan J48 dan <em>Random Tree. </em></p><p class="Default"><em><br /></em></p><p class="Default"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><div><p><em>This study explains the J48, REPTree and Tree Random tree decision analysis using Tsukamoto's fuzzy method in determining the amount of palm oil production in PT Tapiana Nadenggan's company with the aim of finding out which decision tree results are close to the actual data. The decision tree J48, REPTree, and Random Tree is used to accelerate the making of rules that are used without having to consult with experts in determining the rules used. Based on the data used the accuracy of the rule formation of the J48 decision tree is 95.2381%, REPTree is 90.4762%, and the Random Tree is 95.2381%. The results of the study have calculated that the Tsukamoto fuzzy method using REPTree has a smaller Average Forecasting Error Rate </em>(AFER) <em>rate of 23.17% compared to using J48 of 24.96% and Tree Random of 36.51% in the prediction of the amount of palm oil production. Therefore an idea was found that the accuracy of decision trees formed using WEKA tools does not guarantee the greatest accuracy is the best, the proof of this case REPTree has the smallest rule accuracy, but the predicted results have the smallest error rate, compared to J48 and Tree Random.</em></p></div><p class="Default"><strong><em><br /></em></strong></p>