bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Potential of Inhibiting Hmox1 in Sepsis‐Induced Lung Injury: A Molecular Mechanism Study
Authors: Li Qingying , Yu Xu , Yu Renjie , Shi Xinge , Lu Yibin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSepsis induces severe multiorgan dysfunction, with the lungs being particularly susceptible to damage. This study reveals that Hmox1 inhibitors effectively activate the FSP1/CoQ10/NADPH pathway, significantly enhancing autophagic activity while suppressing ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells, thereby alleviating lung injury in septic mice. To identify key gene modules and regulatory factors associated with sepsis‐induced lung injury, we analyzed public transcriptomic data, including bulk RNA‐seq datasets (GSE236391 and GSE263867) and a single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq) data set (GSE207651). In vitro experiments were conducted using an LPS‐induced alveolar epithelial cell injury model to evaluate the effects of Hmox1 inhibitors on cell viability, autophagy markers (LC3‐II/LC3‐I and p62), ROS levels, and intracellular iron content. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe mitochondrial structural changes. In vivo, a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)‐induced sepsis mouse model was established to assess the therapeutic effects of Hmox1 inhibitors. This included evaluating survival rates, lung histopathological scores, lung wet‐to‐dry weight ratios, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokine levels, and changes in autophagy and ferroptosis markers. The results demonstrated that Hmox1 inhibitors effectively mitigate lung injury by modulating the autophagy‐ferroptosis pathway, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic strategy for sepsis‐induced lung damage.
Exosomal miR‐107 Derived From Cigarette Smoking‐Exposed Bronchial Epithelial Cells Aggravates Acute Lung Injury by Polarizing Macrophage to Proinflammatory Phenotype
Authors: Ni Xin , Lv Yufeng , Han Lei , Wang Qian , Wang Jia , Liu Tongtong , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTExosomes are critical mediators of intercellular crosstalk and play significant roles in the progression of various diseases including acute lung injury (ALI). However, the specific role of exosomes in ALI remains largely unexplored. In investigation, we demonstrated that exosomes released from cigarette smoke extract (CSE)‐exposed bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS‐2B) facilitated M1 macrophage polarization. Notably, CSE exposure enhanced the production of miR‐107 within these exosomes. Inhibition of miR‐107 markedly reversed the M1 macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses in vitro and ameliorated lung injury in vivo. Furthermore, exosomal miR‐107 was found to downregulate KLF4, thereby promoting M1 macrophage polarization and inflammation of macrophages. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CSE‐exposed BEAS‐2B cells could induce M1 macrophage polarization via transmitting exosomal miR‐107, and eventually ultimately contributing to the progression of ALI, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.
Evaluation of Anti‐Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Ferulic Acid and Quinic Acid on Acetic Acid‐Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats
Authors: Ekhtiar Mahsa , Ghasemi‐Dehnoo Maryam , Azadegan‐Dehkordi Fatemeh , Bagheri Nader 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUlcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by oxidative stress and the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Ferulic acid and quinic acid, two phenolic compounds, are thought to have potent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects of ferulic acid and quinic acid in rats with acetic acid (AA)‐induced ulcerative colitis. To this end, 64 Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight groups, each consisting of eight rats. AA was administered intrarectally to induce ulcerative colitis. Ferulic acid (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg), quinic acid (10, 30, 60, and 100 mg/kg), and dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) were received daily for five consecutive days. Then, the macroscopic and histopathological changes in the colon tissue were examined. Finally, the tissue levels of heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2), and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) mRNA expression and pro‐inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) were measured using the quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods, respectively. AA‐induced ulcerative colitis in rats was associated with edema and severe damage to the epithelium, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the presence of ulcers in the colon tissue. The results showed that rats who were administered AA showed a decrease in the expression of HO‐1, Nrf2, and NQO1 and increased protein levels of TNF‐α and IL‐1β than the control group. Rats were administered ferulic acid, quinic acid and, dexamethasone significantly improved histopathological indices. The expression of HO‐1, Nrf2, and NQO1 were upregulated by 60 mg/kg of ferulic acid, 60 and100 mg/kg of quinic acid and, 2 mg/kg of dexamethasone treatment compared to the ulcerative colitis group. The protein levels of TNF‐α and IL‐1β dose‐dependently decreased by ferulic acid and quinic acid treatment compared to the ulcerative colitis group. Ferulic acid and quinic acid effectively reduce inflammation and mucosal damage in rats with ulcerative colitis, especially when administered in high doses. The possible mechanism of anti‐inflammatory response by ferulic acid and quinic acid may involve the activating of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway.
Synthesis and Investigation of Antibacterial Properties of Thymol, Carvacrol, Eugenol, and Perillyl Alcohol Based β‐Halo Alcohol and β‐Halo Thiol Compounds
Authors: Çakmak Fatma , Toptan Hande , Genc Bilgicli Hayriye , Köroğlu Mehmet , Zengin Mustafa 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA total of 12 new β‐halo alcohols and 12 new β‐halo thiol derivatives were synthesized. Natural alcohol compounds with known pharmacological properties were selected as starting substrates, aiming to synthesize compounds that have the potential to exhibit biological activity. The synthesis of β‐halo alcohol derivatives involved a two‐step process, while β‐halo thiol derivatives were carried out in three steps. Effective and inexpensive methods were used for all transformations. Yields for β‐halo alcohol derivatives ranged from 79% to 82%, and for β‐halo thiol derivatives from 66% to 71%. Their antibacterial properties against some gram (+) (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and gram (−) (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) strains were investigated. The antibacterial effects of 24 newly synthesized compounds were compared to commercially available antibiotics Chloramphenicol and Streptomycin.
The Effects of Vitamin D on Muscle Strength Are Influenced by Testosterone Levels
Authors: Yang Aolin , Lv Qingqing , Han Ziyu , Dai Shimiao , Li Yao , Hao Mengru , Yu Ruirui , Zhu Junying , Yang Chenggang , Shi Zhan , Zhou Ji‐Chang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough the role of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in muscle mass and strength is well established, the effects of vitamin D (VD) on muscle remain controversial due to various factors. Herein, the influence of sex on the effects of VD on muscle function and the underlying reasons was explored.MethodsMale and female Sod1 gene knockout (SKO) mice, serving as a model for skeletal muscle atrophy, were treated with the VD active analogue calcipotriol, and RNA sequencing was employed to investigate this potential signalling pathway. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database was utilized to explore whether testosterone affects the correlation between VD and grip strength in human participants. Experiments involving C2C12 cells and castrated male mice subjected to immobilization were conducted to demonstrate the enhancing effects of testosterone on VD function.ResultsIn male SKO mice, Vdr expression in the gastrocnemius muscle was positively correlated with grip strength (R2 = 0.4689, p < 0.001), whereas no such correlation was identified in female mice. At 28 weeks of age, both male and female SKO mice exhibited significantly reduced grip strength compared to Sod1 wild‐type (SWT) mice, and calcipotriol restored grip strength in male SKO mice (SWT‐veh: 0.0716 ± 0.0006, SWT‐cal: 0.0686 ± 0.0010, SKO‐veh: 0.0601 ± 0.0010, SKO‐cal: 0.0703 ± 0.0007; p < 0.05). Calcipotriol increased muscle protein synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis while decreasing inflammation and atrogenes in gastrocnemius muscle of male SKO mice. However, the effect of calcipotriol on muscle was not significant in female SKO mice. Compared to wild‐type mice, both male and female SKO mice exhibited reduced levels of 1,25(OH)2D3 due to ROS‐induced hepatic CYP3A4 overexpression, thereby excluding the influence of baseline VD levels. The serum 25(OH)D3 and testosterone interactively affect grip strength in adults (p < 0.05). Using C2C12 cells differentiated into myotubes, testosterone significantly enhanced the inducing effects of VD on VDR, androgen receptor (AR), P‐AKT, PGC1α, Beclin1 and LC3B. Calcipotriol improved grip strength in sham‐operated mice but had a negligible effect on grip strength in castrated mice. However, a significant improvement in grip strength was observed in castrated mice following testosterone restoration (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the existence of sex heterogeneity in the effects of VD on muscle and that testosterone enhances the strength and molecular responses to VD. These findings underscore the importance of considering testosterone levels when utilizing VD to enhance muscle strength.
Imaging Findings of a Pediatric Patient With Focal Intrahepatic Bile Duct Hamartoma: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Yi , Chen Jing , Du Yan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA 15‐year‐old female adolescent was previously in good health. Ultrasound examination revealed an 84 × 45 mm heterogeneous echo mass in the left inner lobe of the liver, exhibiting clear boundaries and a regular shape. Additionally, multiple small cysts were observed within the heterogeneous echo mass, and occasionally, a strong spot‐like echo with a comet tail sign was noted. Imaging results indicated that the left inner lobe of the liver exhibited a lamellar structure with an anomalous signal shadow, suggesting a high probability of bile duct hamartoma.
Bile acid and microbiome interactions in the developing child
Authors: Tessier Mary Elizabeth M. , Shneider Benjamin L. , Petrosino Joseph F. , Preidis Geoffrey A 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInteractions between the gut microbiome and bile acids are complex and are linked to outcomes in pediatric liver disease by mechanisms that are incompletely understood. In adults, primary bile acids are synthesized in the liver and secreted into the intestine, where complex communities of gut microbes deconjugate, oxidize, epimerize, and 7α‐dehydroxylate bile acids into a diverse array of unconjugated, secondary, allo‐, iso‐, and oxo‐bile acids. In contrast, the infant gut microbiota contains a simple, Bifidobacterium‐dominant community that transitions to a more diverse, adult‐like community as additional microbes colonize the gut. This microbial succession gradually confers deconjugation, oxidation, epimerization, and 7α‐dehydroxylation activities that mature the bile acid pool from a profile dominated by primary bile acids early in life to a more diverse, adult‐like bile acid profile in later childhood. Altered bile acid profiles in pediatric cholestatic disorders have the potential to change the developmental trajectory of the microbiome. Conversely, alterations in the gut microbiome may re‐shape the bile acid pool and hepatic bile acid metabolism. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these interactions will increase our understanding of liver pathophysiology and will motivate new therapeutic strategies for pediatric hepatic disorders. This review aims to highlight differences between the pediatric and adult intestinal microbiome and bile acid pool, and to discuss interactions between gut microbes and bile acids that are critical in early life and that may impact outcomes in infants and children with cholestatic liver disease, including biliary atresia.
Analysis of plant science higher education reveals mixed provision which falls short of delivering national priorities
Authors: Trinder Sarah , Heaven Thomas , Luberti Matteo , Read Sophie , Scanlon Adam , Gauntner Chris , Forsyth Alec , Foster Alison C. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundMany reports from the UK government and other organisations highlight a need for a plant aware workforce, and some enumerate specific areas of plant science where there is a skills shortage. We have undertaken a systematic analysis of the content of degree programmes that advertise as teaching plant biology to determine if the UK Higher Education (HE) sector is delivering the graduates required to meet the skills gaps reported.ResultsOur data reveals a highly mixed picture of delivery from 1‐ to 4‐year courses, modules ranging from 10 to 40 credits, and Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) providing variable information on their websites. Our analysis shows that on average (irrespective of credit) a module covers three subject areas. Most courses have little plant content and it is generally taught with other subjects on a module. The most substantial plant‐specific subject teaching is delivered on 18 courses we have identified as Plant Science courses.ConclusionOverall, the UK HE sector is not delivering graduates with the skill set outlined in numerous reports as required to enable food production in a changing climate. Any prospective student (or employer) will find it virtually impossible to determine which degree will deliver the skills they need as there is no plant curriculum offered across the board, and specific information is hidden within module descriptors on websites. If the skills outlined as being essential for the economy and society are truly important, then a new approach is required.
Methacrylic Acid (MAA)‐Chemical Grafted Polyethersulfone Nanofiltration Membrane for Forward Osmosis Application
Authors: Ab Aziz Siti Nudra Shafinie , Abu Seman Mazrul Nizam , Tuan Chik Syed Mohd Saufi , Mohammad Abdul Wahab 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study successfully modifies NF2 PES membrane via chemical grafting with methacrylic acid (MAA) at predetermined monomer concentrations, reaction times, and initiator concentrations by means of producing forward osmosis (FO) membrane. The membranes are utilized in the FO system, and performance is discussed in terms of water and solute flux. The surface characteristics of the modified membrane are analyzed in terms of water contact angle, functional groups, and degree of grafting (DG), meanwhile, morphological studies are analyzed via AFM and FESEM characterization. Based on the FO test performance, it can be concluded that increasing monomer concentration results in an increase in the permeate fluxes until a certain value is reached; only then does the permeate flux start to decrease. However, the effect of monomer concentrations is not significant on the permeate flux when shorter reactions are applied. This is probably due to the limitation of reaction time, which only allows certain values at a time for co‐polymerization to be completed, hence affecting the permeate flux. Increasing reaction time offers more reactions to occur, leading to more surface grafting activity. However, prolonging the reaction time does not always improve the surface grafting, especially when higher monomer concentration and initiator concentration are involved.
Corrosion Mitigation of Mild Steel Over Thicknesses of Graphene Oxide/Polyaniline Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Thivagaran Rihashni , Aridi Mohd Radzi , Salim Nurjannah , Kabeb Siti Maznah , Bakar Nurul Huda Abu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEpoxy is frequently employed as a protective coating to inhibit corrosion. Over the years, researchers have focused on improving the barrier properties of epoxy coatings because prolonged exposure to harsh environments may induce corrosive ion permeation. In this regard, polyaniline functionalized graphene oxide (GO/PANI) nanocomposite is introduced into the epoxy matrix to enhance the barrier performance. GO is first sonicated at 5 h to yield smaller graphene sheet sizes and to ensure uniform suspension. The research reveals that thicker coating with five layers of the nanocomposites (GO/PANI‐5) successfully protects mild steel substrates at a corrosion rate (CR) of 0.0037 mm y−1 compared to pure epoxy coating at an equivalent thickness (≈0.016 mm year−1). Detailed investigation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows that the GO/PANI‐5 coating exhibits higher impedance with four to five orders of magnitude than the pure epoxy and bare mild steel substrate. The significant findings denote that a thicker layer with a smaller GO sheet allows for more barrier characteristics due to stronger adhesion and slower ion diffusion rate. To conclude, incorporating GO/PANI nanocomposites will add more protective values to pure epoxy and provide multifaceted applications regardless of thickness.
Convergence of 3D Polymer Printing and Multimedia: Innovative Possibilities for Industry
Authors: Singh Shishir Kumar , Upadhyaya Shrinkhala , Martolia Mukta , Sharma Vipin , Dubey Manish , Sharma Nivedita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract3D polymer printing and multimedia represent cutting‐edge technologies that have become integral parts of our modern world. While 3D printing reshapes the physical realm by redefining how objects are manufactured, multimedia transforms the digital landscape, influencing how information is presented and consumed across diverse domains. 3D polymer printing, known for its layer‐by‐layer additive manufacturing process, has found a symbiotic relationship with multimedia, integrating visual, auditory, and interactive elements into the 3D printing realm. The research paper discusses how current and future 3D polymer printing can assist media industry through enhanced learning, interactive education experience, customized content, augmented and virtual reality, film and animation industry, as well as promotion of environmentally friendly practices. The versatility of 3D polymer printing has led to its widespread adoption across diverse industries, offering new possibilities in design, prototyping, and production. The tangible and interactive nature of 3D‐printed objects enriches multimedia content across various industries.
Performance of Polycrystalline Silicon Material Derived PV Modules Under Variable Temperature and Irradiance Conditions
Authors: Shukla Aradhana , Srivastava Ashrya , Yadav Satish Kumar , Yaqub Adeeba , Singh Jyotsna , Singh Rajendra Bahadur 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith the increasing demand for energy and concerns regarding pollution arising from the use of fossil fuels, is of great concern for scientists and researchers are actively seeking solutions. One promising option is a semiconductor material based solar PV modules, which offers a clean and sustainable source of electricity. The paper presents operating performance of polycrystalline silicon based solar PV modules under variable temperature and irradiance conditions. Annual energy generation of all modules is assessed and compared with predicted output. However, the performance of these systems must be checked in composite climate conditions so that the predicted performance of these systems in real conditions can be envisaged earlier. For this a simulation tool PVsyst is used to estimate weather parameters and operating performance of PV modules, and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The findings of study reveal an impressive performance ratio of 75.90% shows the area's potential for solar PV installations. The capture losses vary from 0.54 h/d to 1.61 h/d, showing the impact of operating temperature and shading. The payback period for the solar PV system is approximately 4.6 years for the actual system. Solar PV based electricity production save environment by reducing the emission from conventional electricity. The study suggest that such installations could create a path for significant energy production and notable reductions in carbon emissions, aligning with the global push toward cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Computational Studies of Organoselenium Compounds for Bioactivity Assessment Against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Banerjee Bhaskar , Solanki Bobby , Verma Rajaneesh Kumar , Jain Nidhi , Yadav Tarun , Alheetyc Mustafa A. , Yahya M. Z. A. , Singh Munendra , Verma Vinay Kumar , Singh Ram Chandra 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the present research article, two small organoselenium molecules, 2‐(phenylselanyl)ethanamine, L1H and 2‐(phenylselanyl)propanamine, L2H, have been synthesized via high yield synthetic route and characterized using elemental, UV–vis, FTIR, (1H and 77Se) NMR, and mass spectrometry along with computational investigation, confirming selenium integration. Density functional theory (DFT) study elucidates the optoelectronic properties and structures of L1H and L2H, providing insights into stability and reactivity of selenium bearing small organic compounds. In addition to this, molecular docking studies and pharmacokinetic profile highlights potential binding affinity with target proteins and also suggests their promising bioactivity. The interaction between the regulatory proteins involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the synthesized small molecule L1H and L2H shows the involvement of amine group and selenium atom for inhibiting the proteins to potentially stop the growth of cancer cells. The comprehensive investigation lays groundwork for further exploration of these compounds in small molecule drug development and medicinal chemistry.
Chemical Treatment of Moringa Seed Peels for the Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue Macromolecule: Kinetic And Thermodynamic Calculations
Authors: Khalaf Ibtisam Abdul Wahed , Al‐Mahmoud Saddam Mohammed 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMoringa seed peels are chemically treated with sulfuric acid to produce a bioadsorbent to remove methylene blue from the aquatic environment. Various techniques are used to examine the properties of the adsorbents such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface specification, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption parameters such as adsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, temperature, and pH are studied to predict the optimum conditions. The adsorption equilibrium data and adsorption rate data are evaluated using different isotherm and kinetic models. The isotherm results show that the Langmuir model give positive results for the studied equilibrium data. The adsorption kinetic data better follow the pseudo‐second‐order model. Thermodynamic variables such as ∆S°, ∆H°, and ∆G° are also evaluated. The calculated parameters indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic in nature.