bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Táboa Periódica do confinamento
Authors: Castro María Goretti , Fernández Rodrigo José Luis 
Published: December 2021

A Táboa Periódica do confinamento Editar "A Táboa Periódica do confinamento"	Boletín das Ciencias, núm. 92, páx. 7-16 (2021) https://doi.org/10.54954/202192007 Acceso ao artigo completo en PDF A Táboa Periódica do confinamento María Goretti Castro Justo e José Luís Fernández Rodrigo (IES As Barxas de Moaña) A Táboa Periódica do Confinamento que aquí presentamos é unha táboa especial polo momento excepcional no que se realizou. Como todas as táboas periódicas está formada por elementos químicos onde cada elemento segue situado no grupo e período ao que pertence pero é especial porque expresa outras propiedades. Propiedades que non poden ser medidas de maneira física, pero que representan algo máis que un valor ou unha cantidade, representan todo aquilo que vivimos, e viviron os nosos alumnos e alumnas, nun determinado momento excepcional das nosas vidas, sen perder a periodicidade xa que atopamos que esas propiedades, que nós non podemos medir de maneira obxectiva, representan sentimentos, accións ou situacións que son comúns entre o alumnado. Tamén aparecen ocos, espazos baleiros que ningún rapaz chegou a ocupar, por diversas circunstancias, e que nos fan regresar ao inicio da táboa, cando Dimitri Mendeléiev e outros científicos xeraron o primeiro gran esquema para organizar todos os elementos coñecidos nese momento, deixando algúns espazos en branco na súa táboa e facendo a suposición de que algún día se descubrirían novos elementos para cubrir esas lagoas. Esta actividade realizouse durante os meses de marzo a xuño do curso 2019-2020, tempo que se corresponde co período de confinamento, de maneira virtual a través da aula virtual do centro e contando con todo o alumnado de 3º da ESO, aos que nas derradeiras semanas sumóuselle alumnado de 1º de bacharelato científico.
A cross-sectional analysis of the muscle strength, spinal shrinkage, and recovery during a working day of military police officers
Authors: Hoflinger Francielle , Rodacki André Luiz Felix , Tavares Janny M , Fadel Neto Milton I , Paulo Anderson C , Fowler Neil E , Rodacki Cintia L N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objective
Military personnel has a large prevalence of back pain, especially those involved in patrolling routines, as they wear heavy protective equipment. Patrolling includes long periods of sustaining the protective equipment in a sitting or in a motor vehicle (motorcycle or car). Thus, understanding spinal loading of military police officers after patrolling by car (CAR; n = 14), motorcycle (MOT; n = 14), and administrative (ADM; n = 14) routines is relevant to establish preventive strategies.

Methods
The torque of the trunk and working and anthropometric characteristics were assessed to explain spinal loading using stature variation measures. Precise stature measures were performed before and after a 6 h journey (LOSS) and 20 min after a resting posture (RECOV). The trunk extensor (PTE BM−1) and flexor (PTF BM−1) muscles’ isometric peak torque were measured before the working journey.

Results
The LOSS was similar between CAR and MOT (4.8 and 5.8 mm, respectively) after 6 h of patrolling. The ADM presented the lowest LOSS (2.8 mm; P &lt; .05). No changes in RECOV between groups were observed (P &gt; .05). Vibration may explain the greater spinal loading involved in patrolling in comparison to the ADM. A GLM analysis revealed that BMI was the only explanatory factor for stature loss. No independent variables explained RECOV. The ability of the trunk muscles to produce force did not influence LOSS or RECOV.

Conclusions
Military police officers involved in patrolling may require greater post-work periods and strategies designed to reduce the weight of the protective apparatus to dissipate spinal loading. The external load used in patrolling is a relevant spinal loading factor.
Image quality and acquisition time assessments for phase oversampling in compressed sensing sensitivity encoding: Comparison with conventional SENSE
Authors: Jang Ji Sung , Lee Ho Beom , Suh Chong Hyun , Lee Min Hee 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study compared sensitivity encoding (SENSE) and compressed sensing sensitivity encoding (CS‐SENSE) for phase oversampling distance and assessed its impact on image quality and image acquisition time. The experiment was performed with a large diameter phantom using 16‐channel anterior body coils. All imaging data were divided into three groups according to the parallel imaging technique and oversampling distances: groups A (SENSE with phase oversampling distance of 150 mm), B (CS‐SENSE with phase oversampling distance of 100 mm), and C (CS‐SENSE with phase oversampling distance of 75 mm). No statistically significant differences were observed among groups A, B, and C regarding both T2 and T1 turbo spin‐echo (TSE) sequences using an acceleration factor (AF) of 2 (p = 0.301 and 0.289, respectively). In comparison with AF 2 of group A, the scan time of AF 2 of groups B and C was reduced by 11.2% and 23.5% (T2 TSE) and 15.8% and 22.7% (T1 TSE), respectively, while providing comparable image quality. Significant image noise and aliasing artifact were more evident at AF 2 in group A compared with groups B and C. CS‐SENSE with a less phase oversampling distance can reduce image acquisition time without image quality degradation compared with that of SENSE, despite the increase in aliasing artifact as the AF increased in both CS‐SENSE and SENSE.
Expert opinions on the smallest effect size of interest in false memory research
Authors: Riesthuis Paul , Mangiulli Ivan , Broers Nick , Otgaar Henry 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the present study, we used a new approach to establish the smallest effect size of interest (SESOI) for false memory research by asking memory researchers what they considered to be the SESOI in false memory research. They were presented with three hypothetical and three influential paper scenarios. These scenarios depicted studies examining the effects of certain manipulations (e.g., therapy) on false memory formation using well‐known false memory paradigms: Deese/Roediger‐McDermott, misinformation, and forced fabrication. Subsequently, they were asked for each scenario what they would consider to be the SESOI for practical and theoretical purposes and justify their decisions. We found that there was no clear consensus for the SESOI. However, memory researchers tended to accept smaller SESOIs or “any difference that leads to a p < .05,” especially for theoretical ends. We argue that the lack of a general consensus is acceptable as long as proper justification is used. We discuss such rationales and provide recommendations for setting the SESOI.
Multisystem Involvement in Post‐Acute Sequelae of Coronavirus Disease 19
Authors: Novak Peter , Mukerji Shibani S. , Alabsi Haitham S. , Systrom David , Marciano Sadie P. , Felsenstein Donna , Mullally William J. , Pilgrim David M. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe cerebrovascular, neuropathic, and autonomic features of post‐acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 ((COVID‐19) PASC).MethodsThis retrospective study evaluated consecutive patients with chronic fatigue, brain fog, and orthostatic intolerance consistent with PASC. Controls included patients with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and healthy participants. Analyzed data included surveys and autonomic (Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing, sudomotor, and tilt tests), cerebrovascular (cerebral blood flow velocity [CBFv] monitoring in middle cerebral artery), respiratory (capnography monitoring), and neuropathic (skin biopsies for assessment of small fiber neuropathy) testing and inflammatory/autoimmune markers.ResultsNine patients with PASC were evaluated 0.8 ± 0.3 years after a mild COVID‐19 infection, and were treated as home observations. Autonomic, pain, brain fog, fatigue, and dyspnea surveys were abnormal in PASC and POTS (n = 10), compared with controls (n = 15). Tilt table test reproduced the majority of PASC symptoms. Orthostatic CBFv declined in PASC (−20.0 ± 13.4%) and POTS (−20.3 ± 15.1%), compared with controls (−3.0 ± 7.5%, p = 0.001) and was independent of end‐tidal carbon dioxide in PASC, but caused by hyperventilation in POTS. Reduced orthostatic CBFv in PASC included both subjects without (n = 6) and with (n = 3) orthostatic tachycardia. Dysautonomia was frequent (100% in both PASC and POTS) but was milder in PASC (p = 0.002). PASC and POTS cohorts diverged in frequency of small fiber neuropathy (89% vs 60%) but not in inflammatory markers (67% vs 70%). Supine and orthostatic hypocapnia was observed in PASC.InterpretationPASC following mild COVID‐19 infection is associated with multisystem involvement including: (1) cerebrovascular dysregulation with persistent cerebral arteriolar vasoconstriction; (2) small fiber neuropathy and related dysautonomia; (3) respiratory dysregulation; and (4) chronic inflammation. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:367–379
Human Oligodendrocyte Myelination Potential; Relation to Age and Differentiation
Authors: Luo Julia Xiao Xuan , Cui Qiao‐Ling , Yaqubi Moein , Hall Jeffery A. , Dudley Roy , Srour Myriam , Addour Nassima , Jamann Hélène , Larochelle Catherine , Blain Manon , Healy Luke M. , Stratton Jo Anne , Sonnen Joshua A. , Kennedy Timothy E. , Antel Jack P. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveMyelin regeneration in the human central nervous system relies on progenitor cells within the tissue parenchyma, with possible contribution from previously myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs). In multiple sclerosis, a demyelinating disorder, variables affecting remyelination efficiency include age, severity of initial injury, and progenitor cell properties. Our aim was to investigate the effects of age and differentiation on the myelination potential of human OL lineage cells.MethodsWe derived viable primary OL lineage cells from surgical resections of pediatric and adult brain tissue. Ensheathment capacity using nanofiber assays and transcriptomic profiles from RNA sequencing were compared between A2B5+ antibody‐selected progenitors and mature OLs (non‐selected cells).ResultsWe demonstrate that pediatric progenitor and mature cells ensheathed nanofibers more robustly than did adult progenitor and mature cells, respectively. Within both age groups, the percentage of fibers ensheathed and ensheathment length per fiber were greater for A2B5+ progenitors. Gene expression of OL progenitor markers PDGFRA and PTPRZ1 were higher in A2B5+ versus A2B5− cells and in pediatric A2B5+ versus adult A2B5+ cells. The p38 MAP kinases and actin cytoskeleton‐associated pathways were upregulated in pediatric cells; both have been shown to regulate OL process outgrowth. Significant upregulation of “cell senescence” genes was detected in pediatric samples; this could reflect their role in development and the increased susceptibility of pediatric OLs to activating cell death responses to stress.InterpretationOur findings identify specific biological pathways relevant to myelination that are differentially enriched in human pediatric and adult OL lineage cells and suggest potential targets for remyelination enhancing therapies. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:178–191
Variants in Mitochondrial ATP Synthase Cause Variable Neurologic Phenotypes
Authors: Zech Michael , Kopajtich Robert , Steinbrücker Katja , Bris Céline , Gueguen Naig , Feichtinger René G. , Achleitner Melanie T. , Duzkale Neslihan , Périvier Maximilien , Koch Johannes , Engelhardt Harald , Freisinger Peter , Wagner Matias , Brunet Theresa , Berutti Riccardo , Smirnov Dmitrii , Navaratnarajah Tharsini , Rodenburg Richard J.T. , Pais Lynn S , Austin‐Tse Christina , O'Leary Melanie , Boesch Sylvia , Jech Robert , Bakhtiari Somayeh , Jin Sheng Chih , Wilbert Friederike , Kruer Michael C , Wortmann Saskia B. , Eckenweiler Matthias , Mayr Johannes A. , Distelmaier Felix , Steinfeld Robert , Winkelmann Juliane , Prokisch Holger 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveATP synthase (ATPase) is responsible for the majority of ATP production. Nevertheless, disease phenotypes associated with mutations in ATPase subunits are extremely rare. We aimed at expanding the spectrum of ATPase‐related diseases.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing in cohorts with 2,962 patients diagnosed with mitochondrial disease and/or dystonia and international collaboration were used to identify deleterious variants in ATPase‐encoding genes. Findings were complemented by transcriptional and proteomic profiling of patient fibroblasts. ATPase integrity and activity were assayed using cells and tissues from 5 patients.ResultsWe present 10 total individuals with biallelic or de novo monoallelic variants in nuclear ATPase subunit genes. Three unrelated patients showed the same homozygous missense ATP5F1E mutation (including one published case). An intronic splice‐disrupting alteration in compound heterozygosity with a nonsense variant in ATP5PO was found in one patient. Three patients had de novo heterozygous missense variants in ATP5F1A, whereas another 3 were heterozygous for ATP5MC3 de novo missense changes. Bioinformatics methods and populational data supported the variants’ pathogenicity. Immunohistochemistry, proteomics, and/or immunoblotting revealed significantly reduced ATPase amounts in association to ATP5F1E and ATP5PO mutations. Diminished activity and/or defective assembly of ATPase was demonstrated by enzymatic assays and/or immunoblotting in patient samples bearing ATP5F1A‐p.Arg207His, ATP5MC3‐p.Gly79Val, and ATP5MC3‐p.Asn106Lys. The associated clinical profiles were heterogeneous, ranging from hypotonia with spontaneous resolution (1/10) to epilepsy with early death (1/10) or variable persistent abnormalities, including movement disorders, developmental delay, intellectual disability, hyperlactatemia, and other neurologic and systemic features. Although potentially reflecting an ascertainment bias, dystonia was common (7/10).InterpretationOur results establish evidence for a previously unrecognized role of ATPase nuclear‐gene defects in phenotypes characterized by neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative features. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:225–237
Engineering Enzyme‐Cleavable Oligonucleotides by Automated Solid‐Phase Incorporation of Cathepsin B Sensitive Dipeptide Linkers
Authors: Jin Cheng , EI‐Sagheer Afaf H. , Li Siqi , Vallis Katherine A. , Tan Weihong , Brown Tom 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOligonucleotides containing cleavable linkers have emerged as versatile tools to achieve stimulus‐responsive and site‐specific cleavage of DNA. However, the limitations of previously reported cleavable linkers including photolabile and disulfide linkers have restricted their applications in vivo. Inspired by the cathepsin B‐sensitive dipeptide linkers in antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) such as Adcetris, we have developed Val‐Ala‐02 and Val‐Ala‐Chalcone phosphoramidites for the automated synthesis of enzyme‐cleavable oligonucleotides. Cathepsin B digests Val‐Ala‐02 and Val‐Ala‐Chalcone linkers efficiently, enabling cleavage of oligonucleotides into two components or release of small‐molecule payloads. Based on the prior success of dipeptide linkers in ADCs, we believe that these dipeptide linker phosphoramidites will promote new clinical applications of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
Fabrication of self‐healable thermoplastic polyurethane by masterbatch technology
Authors: Dasgupta Poulomi , Basak Sayan , Sengupta Srijoni , Das Tamalika , Pal Koushik , Bhattacharyya Sanjay K. , Bandyopadhyay Abhijit 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper reports development of self‐healable thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) compound through the mixing of masterbatches of TPU and EVA (poly [ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate]) (EVA) having various mole compositions. The aim was to promote a limited chemical interaction between TPU and EVA in the pristine compound that can enhance viscoelastic flow across the cut surface for autonomic healing. The healing was externally stimulated through microwave irradiation and the healing efficiency was determined from changes in tensile properties and complemented by image analysis. Infrared spectroscopy was used to detect TPU‐EVA crosslinking in the TPU compound, which was further delineated from viscoelastic and swelling results. Tensile properties demonstrated a drop in tensile modulus, strength, and elongation at break than original TPU on increasing EVA concentration, but those, at the same time, were retained until the fifth healing cycles with higher EVA concentration in the masterbatch. The healing mechanism was attributed to the destruction of the hard domain in TPU leading to a marked increase in viscoelastic mobility at the interface of the cut section. The pristine TPU modified with higher amount of EVA in the masterbatch exhibited the highest range of healing efficiency (sample CC0‐93%, sample BB0‐97%, respectively)), reinstated the hypothesis of mixing a higher amount of EVA to promote autonomic healing. EVA based TPU compounds with superior self‐healing property makes them an ideal candidate for applications in cable insulation and shape‐memory devices.
Modeling of dynamic mechanical curves of kenaf/polyester composites using surface response methodology
Authors: Ornaghi Heitor Luiz , Neves Roberta Motta , Monticeli Francisco Maciel , Thomas Sabu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe environmental and social concerns regarding environmental‐friendly materials lead to alternatives in replacing synthetic fibers for natural ones on polymeric composites. This study focused on modeling dynamic mechanical curves of kenaf/polyester composites using response surface methodology (RSM). Composites with three different reinforcement contents (13.5, 22.33, and 36.27 vol%) were produced and subjected to the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA). From the experimental DMTA curves, a 3D surface plot using RSM was done. The results showed that the fiber dynamic mechanical behavior and fiber/matrix interface had a low influence on the glass transition temperature but significantly changed the tan δ peak height. On the other hand, the kenaf fibers presented an enormous difference in the elastomeric region. The constrained region (calculated using the tan delta height) increased ~4 times for the composite reinforced with 36.27 vol% when compared to the composite reinforced with 13.5 vol%. The RSM enabled the viscoelastic modeling using different fiber volumes with high reliability and low error (R2 > 0.99). The RSM approach proved to be an intelligent and reliable technique to access a higher range of results, reducing experimental time and cost and keeping statistical significance. Also, the present methodology can be extended to model other properties and/or optimize parameters.
Aggregation behavior of the strong amphiphilic cationic diblock polyelectrolytes at the air/water interface
Authors: Ding Yanping , Wen Gangyao , Chrysostomou Varvara , Pispas Stergios , Jiang Kun , Sun Zhaoyan , Li Hongfei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEffects of subphase temperature and pH on the interfacial behavior of two strong amphiphilic cationic diblock polyelectrolytes, quaternized poly(2‐[dimethylamino]ethyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(lauryl methacrylate) (qPDMAEMA‐b‐PLMA), were studied by the Langmuir film balance technique for the first time. The morphologies of their Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films were studied by atomic force microscopy. At the air/water interface, surface micelles with hydrophobic PLMA cores and hydrophilic qPDMAEMA coronas form. With the increase of temperature, the condensed surface pressure‐molecular area isotherms move to large area (right shift). The higher the temperature, the more obvious the isotherm shifts to the right. At low temperature, the isotherms of the two copolymers are almost respectively overlapped under different subphase pH conditions. At high temperature, however, the isotherms of the two copolymers show some subphase pH dependence. All initial LB films obtained at different subphase conditions exhibit isolated circular micelles. Under different subphase pH conditions, the diameters of the micelle cores in the two copolymers' LB films obtained at low temperature are close but larger than those at high temperature, which phenomenon is first reported. This is probably due to the relatively lower mobility of polymer individual chains at low temperature, resulting in their higher local surface concentration and larger aggregation.
Evaluation of polyphenylene sulfide by surface thermodynamics approaches: Comparison with common polymers
Authors: Ozbay Salih 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPoly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) is an advanced thermoplastic and widely used in industrial applications requiring high performance. Research on improving the surface properties of PPS is still ongoing and a detailed surface free energy (SFE) knowledge of this polymer is necessary for its applications related to surface wettability. In this study, wettability characteristics of PPS were evaluated by SFE calculations. For this purpose, the apparent contact angles of nine different test liquids having various surface tensions were measured on the PPS surface by the sessile drop method. After that, the dispersive and polar components of SFE were calculated using geometric (Owens and Wendt's method) and harmonic (Wu's method) mean approaches. The Lifshitz‐van der Waals, acidic and basic components of SFE were calculated using van Oss‐Chaudhury‐Good method. Additionally, the surface tension values of PPS were also determined by equation of state, Zisman's critical surface tension and Fowkes' approaches. In the present study, the effects of calculation methods and selected liquid pairs on SFE parameters were systematically investigated. It was found that selected liquid pairs and calculation methods affected the SFE considerably. The reasons for this were examined and the SFE components of PPS was compared with some common polymers for better evaluation.
Development and characterization of sodium alginate/bifidobacterium probiotic biohybrid material used in tissue engineering
Authors: Denktaş Cenk , Yilmaz Baysoy Derya , Bozdoğan Altan , Bozkurt Hüseyin Sancar , Bozkurt Kutsal , Özdemir Orhan , Yilmaz Mehmet 
Published: December 2021

Abstract“Mechanical properties” are crucial for biodegradable and/or non‐biodegradable materials used in tissue engineering applications. In this study, bio‐hybrid films were produced by using both Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 probiotic strain and Bifidobacterium infantis in combination with sodium alginate (SA), which demonstrates biocompatibility and facilitated gelation properties. Bio‐hybrid films were characterized by using different methods. Based on the spectroscopic and mechanical analysis, it was found that mechanical strength increased in films produced by adding Bifidobacterium infantis in SA while this increase was relatively lower as compared to those containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 as cross‐linking ratio increases. Besides, bacteria contained in bio‐hybrid films increased the percentage of amorphous zone of SA in SA/bacteria films, which reduced the crystallinity ratio. This indicated that crystalline chains contained in the structure of SA are degraded by bacteria.