bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change, Macroeconomic Sensitivity And The Response of Remittances To The North African Countries: A Panel VAR Analysis
Authors: HABIB Hajer 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The paper analyses the role of remittances in alleviating the Gross domestic product (GDP) oscillations induced by a climate shock that is detected by irregular precipitation and annual temperature in the North African region between 1980 and 2016. By controlling endogeneity problems, we use the Panel Vector Autoregressive model (PVAR). Our results show on the one hand that the decline in precipitation and the increase in temperature have adverse consequences on the GDP per capita. On the other hand, remittances are a pathway of action towards macroeconomic stability of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. They are characterized by counter-cyclical patterns which increase the capacity of adaptation to meteorological changes in the recipient countries and also resistance to hazards. Therefore, the future policies must be more rigorously focused on adaptation policies and investing in green technologies that mitigate the long term negative consequences of climate transformations.
Injury Distribution and Related Factors in Trauma Patient's Requiring Immediate Intervention Referred to the First Level Trauma Hospital in Southwestern Iran
Authors: Yadolhahi Mahnaz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The extent and severity of injury distribution can determine the patient’s mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern and role of different variables in an injury distribution and outcome of trauma patients.Method: This retrospective cohort study was performed in the largest trauma center in south of Iran, Shiraz in 2020. All the patient’s demographic, laboratory, clinical and paraclinical records were studied. The extent of injury distribution in the body, Glasgow coma scale and the injury severity score in these patients were carefully recorded. Results: In patients with multiple trauma, chest injury had the highest percentage of association with other body injuries; head and neck injuries were more associated with chest injuries. Facial and limb injuries were associated with head and abdominal injuries, respectively. In patients with car accidents, the injuries distribution analysis also showed that chest was the most common site of injury in car drivers. Injuries to the head and neck area is the most common site in motorcycle drivers and limb and chest injuries were more common in pedestrian-related accidents.Conclusion: The body injury pattern can be vary depending on the injury cause. Among the injury sites, it is more important to pay attention to the chest and head injuries. It is necessary to take the patient's history during a thorough examination and perform paraclinical tests such as ultrasound and CT scan to prevent the diagnosis of missing body injuries.
Time-restricted feeding promotes skeletal muscle function in diet- and genetic-induced obesity through shared and unique pathways
Authors: Livelo Christopher , Guo Yiming , Varshney Shweta , Daya Farah Abou , Le Hiep , Panda Satchidananda , Melkani Girish 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Obesity caused by genetic predisposition, a lifestyle of calorie-dense diets and/or circadian disruption can result in complications including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and compromised muscle function. By employing time-restricted feeding (TRF), where daily feeding was limited to 12 hours during the day, we observed improved skeletal muscle function compared to ad libitum feeding (ALF). This was observed in both diet-induced obesity (DIO) and genetic-induced obesity (GIO) in a Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) model. We evaluated the mechanistic basis of TRF-mediated benefits by utilizing muscle transcriptomic data of indirect flight muscle (IFM) followed by genetic validations, cytological and biochemical evidences. Significant upregulation of glycine N methyltransferase (Gnmt), sarcosine dehydrogenase (Sardh), CG5955 and downregulation of diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 2 (Dgat2) were commonly induced by TRF intervention under both obese conditions. Moreover, genetic inhibition of Gnmt, Sardh and CG5955 leads to skeletal muscle dysfunction, aberrant lipid accumulation and loss of TRF-mediated benefits. However, skeletal muscle-specific knockdown (KD) of Dgat2 retained muscle function during aging, a result that mimics TRF-mediated benefits. Furthermore, de novo purine biosynthesis appeared to be upregulated specifically in the DIO model under TRF which led to increased ATP levels resulting in improved muscle performance. Additionally, genes associated with AMP kinase (AMPK) signaling, glycogen metabolism, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain (ETC) signaling were specifically upregulated in GIO model under TRF. TRF mediated benefits in GIO via activation of AMPK, which led to increased ATP levels. Altogether, we identify the shared and distinct pathways in the regulation of muscle function under TRF, which may aid further research and alternative therapeutic avenues that focus on combating comorbidities linked with obesity.
National and Subnational Drivers for Cooking Energy Consumption in Rural India
Authors: Goswami Anandajit , Bandopadhyay Kaushik Ranjan , Gurtu Amulya 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe energy transition pattern in India highlights that cooking continues to be the weakest link in the energy transition process for rural households. The government is trying to subsidize LPG for rural families to increase usage of LPG in India for a clean cooking energy transition. The paper endeavors to fill the void by revisiting the nature and degree of the rural energy transition for cooking in India. MethodologyUsing a multinomial logit model, the potential drivers at the individual household and group level have been identified. The group effect analysis has been conducted purposely to understand if social and cultural norms or -level factors within a village society affect the cooking energy transition of households in rural India and if that prevails over the income effect. At the sub-national level, an estimate of energy inequality has been derived by applying social choice-based Atkinson Inequality measure to examine the connection between higher energy inequality in primary fuel used for cooking and higher income inequality. In addition, the Brock-Dechert-Scheinkman (BDS) test on firewood consumption has been conducted for poor energy households from 38 districts of Bihar, one of the highest energy-poor states, to statistically examine the perceived nonlinearity in the dynamics of energy transition/fuel choice in cooking for rural households. ResultsThe analysis at the national level indicates the importance of local and cultural factors that leads to the nonlinearity in the probability of the switchover from firewood to other clean fuel options. Conclusions SummaryThe paper highlights if subsidies on modern fuel and/or other cooking alternatives alone drive the transition process and examines the validity of the energy ladder hypothesis in the case of rural cooking energy transition and the drivers of the energy transition at the national and sub-national level. Potential ImplicationsThe state-level analysis done for Bihar and across various districts corroborates this finding and provides an important direction towards local context-specific policy-making in the long term.
Mechanism of Dark Plum In Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome Based On Network Pharmacology And Molecular Docking​
Authors: Sun Zhongli , Deng Lilin , Xu Zhoujie , Yang Kun , Yu Penglong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Modern medicine has no cure for the xerostomia caused by the early onset of Sjögren's syndrome (SS).Dark plum is a common Chinese herbal medicine used to relieve xerostomia. However, the molecular mechanisms of the effects of dark plum are unknown. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to investigate the mechanisms of action of dark plum on SS.Materials and method: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) database was used to identify the active components and targets of dark plum, and the UniProt database was used to identify the genes encoding these targets. SS-related targets were also identified from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. By finding the intersection of the targets of the compounds and the targets of SS, the predicted targets of dark plum in the treatment of SS were obtained. Further investigation of the active compounds and their targets was carried out by constructing a network of "medicine-candidate compound-target-disease" using Cytoscape 3.7.2, the Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI) network using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2, and key targets were identified by Gene Ontology( GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis on R software. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the affinity of the candidate compounds to the key targets.Results: Quercetin, beta-sitosterol, and kaempferol in dark plum interact with AKT1, IL-6, IL-1B, JUN, CASP3, and MAPK8. These results suggest that dark plum exerts its therapeutic effects on the peripheral gland injury of SS and its secondary cardiovascular disease and tumorigenesis through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor pathways.Conclusion: With network pharmacology, this study systematically identified the main active components, targets, and specific mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of dark plum on SS, providing both a theoretical basis and research direction for further investigations on dark plum.
An Environment Transitional Zone Buffers Peatlands Carbon Loss
Authors: Liu Liangfeng , Chen Huai , Tian Jianqing , Wang Hongjun , Xue Dan , Wu Ning , Wang Meng , Xu Xingliang , Peng Changhui , Wang Yanfen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
An environment transitional zone (ETzone) is usually deemed as a hotspot in biogeochemical cycle, but little is known about its response to climate change. A typical ETzone develops at the subsurface of peatland after experiencing long-term water table fluctuation, characterized by alternative aerobic and anaerobic conditions. By an extensive incubation, we found that the CO2 emission at this ETzone was 28.31 ± 3.55 μg g-1 d-1, 41.6% and 34.4% lower than the upper (aerobic) and lower (anaerobic) layers, respectively. Moreover, with a lowest Q10 of 1.37, its CO2 emission was also the least warming-responsive, which could reduce 33.7% CO2 loss in warming scenario. This result clearly revealed that the ETzone worked as a buffer to retard carbon loss, rather than a hotspot. Surprisingly, this buffer capacity of ETzone was easily collapse if being primed by fresh carbon. Therefore, maintaining a relatively stable ETzone is critical for protecting peatland carbon stock, and the priority is to block priming effect through maintaining an intact vegetation composition.
Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 deteriorates polycystic ovary syndrome progression via binding microRNA-324-3p to target bromodomain containing 3
Authors: Wu Le , Tu zhijian , Ying bao , Qi Zhai , Jin lixu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been studied in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while the regulatory mechanism of NEAT1 on PCOS by regulating microRNA (miR)-324-3p remains extensive exploration. Our study aims to investigate the role of NEAT1, miR-324-3p and bromodomain containing 3 (BRD3) in PCOS.Methods: Firstly, the PCOS rat model was established, and then NEAT1, miR-324-3p and BRD3 levels were detected in PCOS rats. The decreased NEAT1 or augmented miR-324-3p were injected into the PCOS rats to determine the change of biochemical indices and pathology. Also, the rescue experiment was conducted. Thereafter, the binding relations among NEAT1, miR-324-3p and BRD3 were analyzed.Results: NEAT1 and BRD3 were enriched while miR-324-3p was decreased in PCOS rats. The reduction of NEAT1 or the elevation of miR-324-3p mitigated the obesity and metabolic disorders in PCOS rats. NEAT1 sponged miR-324-3p as a competing endogenous RNA and miR-324-3p targeted BRD3. The elevated miR-324-3p or reduced BRD3 reversed effects of enhanced NEAT1.Conclusion: NEAT1 exacerbates obesity and metabolic disorders of PCOS rats via regulating miR-324-3p to target BRD3. This study affords a novel direction for PCOS treatment.
Real-time RGB color-tunable upconversion luminescence using a single excitation wavelength
Authors: Xu Li , Liu Yu , Zhou Ziwen , Ning Danyang , Ren Jing , Carvajal Joan , Zhang Jianzhong , Liu Lu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Real-time color-tunable upconversion luminescence of lanthanide ions has recently attracted increasing attention. To date, at least two different excitation wavelengths are required to obtain tunable upconversion colors containing the three-primary-color components (Red-Green-Blue). In this work, for the first time, we demonstrate that it is possible achieving tunable three-primary-color upconversion luminescence using a single excitation wavelength, on the basis of the photon-order dependent uponversion nature. A core-shell-shell nanocrystal was synthesized, with rational designed compositions of Er/Yb and Tm/Yb in the core and the outermost shell, respectively, responsible for the green/red and blue emissions. By increasing the power density of the 980 nm continuous-wave excitation laser, the color of the emitted luminescence of the core-shell-shell nanocrystal evolved as green → red → blue, corresponding to 2 → 3 → 4-photons involved in the upconversion process.
Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Risk Factors for Preterm Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Nationwide Data
Authors: Na Jae Yoon , Kim Dongkyun , Kwon Amy M. , Jeon Jin Yong , Kim Hyuk , Kim Chang-Ryul , Lee Hyun Ju , Lee Joohyun , Park Hyun-Kyung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Despite the many comorbidities and the high mortality rate in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), therapeutic strategies vary depending on the clinical setting, and most studies of the related risk factors have been based on small sample populations. The goal was to compare the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) analysis with that of conventional analysis for identifying the risk factors associated with symptomatic PDA (sPDA) in very low birth weight infants.This nationwide prospective cohort study included 8,369 infants. The participants were divided into an sPDA group and a nonPDA group, and The sPDA group was further divided into treated and untreated subgroups. A total of 47 perinatal risk factors were collected and analyzed. Multiple logistic regression as a standard analytic tool, five AI algorithms were used to identify the factors associated with sPDA. The combination of a large database of risk factors from nationwide registries and AI techniques achieved higher accuracy and better performance on the PDA prediction tasks, and the ensemble methods showed the best performances.
Effects of post-subduction processes on continental lithosphere
Authors: Pilia Simone , Davies D. Rhodri , Hall Robert , Bacon Conor , Gilligan Amy , Greenfield Timothy , Tongkul Felix , Kramer Stephan , Wilson Cian , Cornwell David , Colli Lorenzo , Rawlinson Nicholas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Subduction is a key driver of plate tectonics on Earth1. A range of observations indicate that the termination of subduction leads to diverse and unexplained tectonic and geological activity, including anomalous magmatism, exhumation and topographic subsidence, followed by rapid uplift. However, the mechanism driving this complex surface response remains enigmatic. A prime example of recent subduction termination can be found in northern Borneo (Malaysia), where subduction ceased in the late Miocene2 and was followed by a puzzling tectonic response3,4,5,6,7,8 that cannot be reconciled with our current understanding of post-subduction tectonics. Here, we use new passive-seismic data to image, in unprecedented detail, a sub-vertical lithospheric drip that developed as a Rayleigh-Taylor gravitational instability9 from the root of a volcanic arc. We use thermo-mechanical simulations to reconcile these images with time-dependent dynamical processes within the crust and underlying mantle following subduction termination. Our model predictions illustrate how significant extension from a downwelling lithospheric drip can thin the crust in an adjacent orogenic belt, facilitating lower crustal melting and possible exhumation of subcontinental material. Our study provides a new paradigm for core-complex formation in other areas of recent subduction termination.
Life Cycle Assessment of Biocemented Sands using Enzyme Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) for Ground Improvement Applications
Authors: Alotaibi Emran , Arab Mohamed , Abdallah mohamed , Nassif Nadia , Omar Maher 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Integrating sustainability goals into the selection of suitable ground improvement techniques is a global trend. Several bio-inspired and bio-mediated ground improvement techniques have been recently investigated as sustainable alternatives for traditional ground improvement techniques known for their high carbon footprint. Enzyme Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) is an emerging bio-inspired soil improvement technique that is based on the hydrolysis of urea to precipitate carbonates that cement sand particles. Life cycle assessment (LCA) study was conducted to compare the use of traditional ground improvement using Portland cement with bio-cementation via EICP over a range of environmental impacts. The LCA results revealed that EICP soil treatment has nearly 90% less abiotic depletion potential and 3% less global warming potential compared to cement. Compared to cement, EICP has higher acidification and eutrophication potentials due to byproducts during the hydrolysis process. The sensitivity analysis of EICP emissions showed that reducing and controlling the EICP process emissions and using waste non-fate milk has resulted in significantly fewer impacts compared to the EICP baseline scenario.
A New Time-Space Attention Mechanism Driven Multi-Feature Fusion Method for Tool Wear Monitoring
Authors: Feng Tingting , Guo Liang , Gao Hongli , Chen Tao , Yu Yaoxiang , Li Changgen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In order to accurately monitor the tool wear process, it is usually necessary to collect a variety of sensor signals during the cutting process. Different sensor signals in the feature space can provide complementary information. In addition, the monitoring signal is time series data, which also contains a wealth of tool degradation information in the time dimension. However, how to fuse multi-sensor information in time and space dimensions is a key issue that needs to be solved. This paper proposes a new time-space attention mechanism driven multi-feature fusion method to realize the tool wear monitoring. Firstly, lots of features are established from different sensor signals and selected preliminarily. Then, a new feature fusion model with time-space attention mechanism is constructed to fuse features in time and space dimensions. Finally, the tool degradation model is established according to the predicted wear, and the tool remaining useful life is predicted by particle filter. The effectiveness of this method is verified by a tool life cycle wear experiment. Through comparing with other feature fusion models, it is demonstrated that the proposed method realizes the tool wear monitoring more accurately and has better stability.
Primary Tumor Resection With Or Without Metastasectomy For Left- And Right-Sided Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: An Instrumental Variable Analysis
Authors: Yin Ling , Chen Jun-Quan , Yao Yi-Chen , Lin Wu-Hao , Peng Jian-Hong , Fan Wen-Hua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Whether primary tumor location (PTL) is predictive of survival benefits following primary tumor resection plus metastasectomy (PMTR) and primary tumor resection (PTR) alone in stage IV colorectal cancer patients is not known. We sought to address this issue by employing instrumental variable analysis to evaluate the efficacy of PMTR and PTR with stratification for primary tumor location in stage IV colorectal cancer patients.Patients and Methods Stage IV colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute. To account for both measured and unmeasured confounders, the efficacy of PMTR and PTR in the left- and right-sided subgroups was evaluated using instrumental variable analysis, with the health service area as the instrument variable. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome of interest.Results A total of 50333 eligible patients were analyzed (left-sided, n=29402 and right-sided, n=20931). OS was significantly better with PMTR than with other treatments (PTR, metastasectomy only, or no surgery) in patients with left-sided tumors (hazard ratio [HR]=0.37 [95% CI, 0.24-0.58], P<0.001), but not in patients with right-sided tumors (HR=0.98 [95% CI, 0.65-1.47], P = 0.910; interaction test P<0.001). OS was comparable in patients treated with PTR and those treated with no surgery in both the left-sided (HR=1.11 [95% CI, 0.68-1.81], P=0.690) and right-sided (HR=0.85 [95% CI, 0.50-1.43], P=0.530; interaction test P=0.466) subgroups.Conclusions PMTR appears to only benefit patients with left-sided stage IV colorectal cancer but not those with right-sided tumors. PTR does not improve OS, regardless of primary tumor location. When selecting patients for PMTR, primary tumor location should be considered. Overuse of PTR should be avoided.
Generalized Exponential Distribution - Estimation of parameters using modifications in methods of Ranked Set Sampling
Authors: Nandurbarkar Vyomesh Prahlad , Shanubhogue Ashok 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, we estimate the parameters of the Generalized Exponential Distribution using Moving Extreme Ranked Set Sampling (MERSS). Using the maximum likelihood estimation method, we derive the expressions. MERSS estimates are compared with estimates obtained by simple random sampling (SRS) using a real data set. We also study the other variations of the methods of Ranked Set Sampling like Quartile Ranked Set Sampling(QRSS), Median Ranked Set Sampling(MRSS) and Flexible Ranked Set Sampling(FLERSS) (a scheme based on QRSS and MRSS). For known shape parameter values, we present coefficients for linear combinations of order statistics for least squares estimates. Here, the expressions are derived through maximum likelihood, and the estimates are calculated numerically. Simulated results indicate that estimates generated using least-squares and the maximum likelihood method for Ranked Set Sampling (RSS) perform better than those generated using Simple Random Sampling (SRS). Asymptotically, MERSS outperforms SRS, QRSS, MRSS, and FLERSS.