bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved laser measurement using advanced techniques: A review
Authors: Liu Tiegen , Fu Yu , Wang Shuang , Jiang Junfeng , Sang Mei , Wu Zhiyang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLaser measurement technique has been widely explored and applied in various fields in recent years due to its advantages of high measurement precision and resolution. However, applications in frontier fields such as MEMS motion measurement and robotics control pose have requirement for higher precision and resolution, which promote further studies in improving the performance of this technique. Many advanced techniques have been proposed and applied in the laser measurement system to optimize its performance, and the optimized measurement system has found its way in state‐of‐the‐art applications. In this invited paper, we focus on the latest investigations and new applications of the improved laser measurement methods, especially present recent research works regarding the laser triangulation measurement and the laser heterodyne vibration measurement. At the end, we have discussed further developments and challenges of laser measurement technique.
RETRACTED: Utility of phrenic nerve conduction studies for identification of patients with neuromuscular diseases requiring invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Narukawa Shinya , Ishizuka Keita , Sugimoto Kohei , Nomura Kyoichi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsPredicting when a patient will require invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is a major challenge in routine care for some neuromuscular diseases. In this study, we prospectively investigated whether phrenic nerve conduction studies (PNCS) can predict when IMV will be required in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and myotonic dystrophy (DM).MethodsPNCS amplitude (avAMP) and latency (avLAT) were compared between patients who required IMV (IMV group) and those who did not (non‐IMV group). PNCS were performed in 62 healthy controls and in patients with four different diseases that may require IMV: ALS (n = 56), GBS (n = 72), CIDP (n = 38), and DM (n = 24).ResultsThe IMV group consisted of 12 patients with ALS, 14 with GBS, 2 with CIDP, and 4 with DM. avAMP was significantly lower in the IMV group with ALS than in the non‐IMV group (P < .05), but no significant difference was observed in avLAT. avAMP was significantly lower and avLAT was significantly longer in the IMV group with GBS than in the non‐IMV group (both P < .05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the avAMP cutoff between the IMV and non‐IMV groups was 184.3 μV (area under the curve = 0.921; sensitivity, 84.6%; specificity, 88.2%) for ALS and GBS.DiscussionPNCSs may aid in determining whether a patient with ALS or GBS requires IMV.
Ultrasound‐Triggered Delivery of Iproplatin from Microbubble‐Conjugated Liposomes
Authors: Browning Richard , Thomas Nia , Marsh Laura K. , Tear Louise R. , Owen Joshua , Stride Eleanor , Farrer Nicola J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe PtIV prodrug iproplatin has been actively loaded into liposomes using a calcium acetate gradient, achieving a 3‐fold enhancement in drug concentration compared to passive loading strategies. A strain‐promoted cycloaddition reaction (azide‐ dibenzocyclooctyne) was used to attach iproplatin‐loaded liposomes L(Pt) to gas‐filled microbubbles (M), forming an ultrasound‐responsive drug delivery vehicle [M−L(Pt)]. Ultrasound‐triggered release of iproplatin from the microbubble‐liposome construct was evaluated in cellulo. Breast cancer (MCF‐7) cells treated with both free iproplatin and iproplatin‐loaded liposome−microbubbles [M−L(Pt)] demonstrated an increase in platinum concentration when exposed to ultrasound. No appreciable platinum uptake was observed in MCF‐7 cells following treatment with L(Pt) only or L(Pt)+ultrasound, suggesting that microbubble‐mediated ultrasonic release of platinum‐based drugs from liposomal carriers enables greater control over drug delivery.
Sound insulation of a novel laminated polymer matrix composite containing metallic hollow spheres based on phononic crystal structure design
Authors: Yu Tianmiao , Jiang Fengchun , Cao Mengxin , Wang Chunhe , Qin Ruonan , Guo Chunhuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs a noval functional material designed and prepared artificially, one‐dimensional phononic crystal has a great prospect in the field of noise reduction. In this study, a novel one‐dimensional phononic crystal metamaterial based on the metallic hollow spheres (MHS)/polymer matrix laminated composites was designed and prepared. The result of impedance tube test shows that the laminated composite has excellent sound insulation performance. The incident direction of sound waves has little effect on the sound insulation performance of the laminated composites. The average sound insulation of MHSP/SR‐LC (MHSP side) was 44.4% higher than that of SR and 272.0% higher than that of PU. After analysis, it can be found that the average sound insulation of laminated composites increases with the acoustic impedance increasing, but the equivalent mass density and equivalent bulk modulus have little effect on it. The metallic hollow spheres can increase the sound energy loss by extending the transmission path of sound waves, andit can also improve the sound insulation by changing the density, elastic, and hardness of SR and PU matrix to increase the resonance strength of the spring‐mass oscillator. This work may open up new possibilities for the development of novel acoustic materials applied in noise control.
Characteristics and outcomes of autoimmune hemolytic anemia after pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant
Authors: Hillier Kirsty , Harris Emily M. , Berbert Laura , Pai Sung‐Yun , Grace Rachael F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is a rare but complex and serious complication. Detailed descriptions of cases and management strategies are needed due to lack of prospective trials.ObjectivesDescribe the incidence, clinical characteristics, and management of AIHA after HSCT in a pediatric cohort.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of 33 pediatric patients with AIHA after HSCT at an academic tertiary care center from 2003 to 2019.ResultsThe overall incidence of AIHA after allogeneic HSCT was 3.8% (33/868). AIHA was significantly more common after transplant for nonmalignant versus malignant diagnoses (7.0% [26/370] vs. 1.4% [7/498], p < .0001). AIHA developed at a median of 4.7 months (range 1.0–29.7) after transplant. Sixteen of 33 patients (48.5%) required new AIHA‐directed pharmacologic therapy; 17 (51.5%) were managed on their current immunosuppression and supportive care. Patients managed without additional therapy were significantly older, more likely to have a malignant diagnosis, and tended to develop AIHA at an earlier time point after transplant. Patients received a median of two red blood cell transfusions within the first 2 weeks of diagnosis and a median of one AIHA‐directed medication (range one to four), most commonly corticosteroids and rituximab.ConclusionsAIHA after HSCT is rare but occurs more commonly in patients transplanted for nonmalignant diagnoses. While some pediatric patients who develop AIHA after transplant can be managed on current immunosuppression and supportive care, many require AIHA‐directed therapy including second‐line medications.
Breaking the challenge of polyherbal quality control using UV and HPLC fingerprints combined with multivariate analysis
Authors: Roshan Abdulrahman A. , Hathout Rania M. , El‐Ahmady Sherweit H. , Singab Abdelnasser B. , Gad Haidy A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionTraditional herbal medicines are mostly composed of more than one herb which act synergistically; hence, there is high demand for proper quality control methods to ensure the consistent quality of polyherbal formulations.AimsProposing a simple, reliable, and efficient method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of a polyherbal product using multivariate analysis of ultraviolet–visible (UV‐Vis) spectroscopy or HPLC‐PDA data.MethodologyAn antiobesity formula consisting of equal proportions of Trachyspermum ammi, Cuminum cyminum, and Origanum majorana was prepared as well as spiked with one of each herb simultaneously, representing accepted and unaccepted samples. Full factorial design (2k) was applied to study the effect of temperature, sonication, and stirring time for extraction optimisation. The HPLC and UV spectral fingerprints were separately subjected to multivariate analysis. The soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) and partial least squares (PLS) models were developed to segregate the accepted from the unaccepted samples and to predict the herbal composition in addition to the thymol content in each sample.ResultsThe SIMCAuv and SIMCAhplc models showed correct discrimination between the accepted and unaccepted samples with excellent selectivity and sensitivity. The PLSuv, PLShplc, and PLSthym models showed excellent linearity and accuracy with R2 > 0.98, slope close to 1, intercept close to 0, low root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) (close to 0). On validation, the PLS models correctly predicted the quantity of the three herbs and thymol content with ±5% accuracy.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the reliability and efficiency of HPLC and UV spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical analysis (MVA) for ensuring the consistency of polyherbal preparations.
Promoting readiness and engagement in pain rehabilitation for youth and families: Developing a pediatric telehealth motivational interviewing protocol
Authors: Smith Allison M. , Logan Deirdre E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveIntensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) is a promising approach for youth with complex, disabling, refractory pain conditions. However, youth and families who initiate IIPT without sufficient acceptance of its focus on functional rehabilitation or readiness to adopt a self‐management approach to their pain may face challenges in IIPT and/or experience suboptimal outcomes. Motivational interviewing (MI) techniques have been shown to enhance readiness to make a number of health behavior changes for adults and youth, but it has not been systematically examined in the context of pediatric IIPT. The authors developed an MI telehealth intervention protocol explicitly designed to prepare youth and families for admission to IIPT.MethodThe protocol development process is detailed here, including influential models, expert consultation, and feedback from IIPT clinical experts. The intervention protocol was then piloted with a group of eligible families to elicit feedback and prompt further refining. Feasibility and acceptability were explored through measures of treatment engagement and satisfaction.ResultsThe Promoting Readiness and Engagement in Pain Rehabilitation (PREPaRe) intervention protocol contains four modules aimed to enhance youth and parent readiness to adopt a self‐management approach to persistent pain, through a motivational interviewing approach. Initial responses from the test group suggested high levels of treatment engagement and treatment satisfaction with PREPaRe.ConclusionsPREPaRe appears feasible to administer and acceptable to families of youth with persistent pain seeking IIPT. Implications for implementation are discussed. Further study via randomized control trial is warranted.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04093921.
A transport of Jeffrey model viscoelastic fluid by complex peristalsis motion of nonuniform curved channel's walls under resistance of magnetic field
Authors: Javid Khurram , Al‐Khaled Kamel , Hassan Mohsan , Khan Salah Ud‐Din , Haleema  , Ahmad Ashfaq , Khan Shaukat 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe main aim of the present investigation is that the viscoelastic fluids, such as blood, can easily be manipulated due to their magnetic features with an electromagnetic field. These peristaltic pumps are new inventions in bio‐engineering domains that provide more sustainable and sophisticated efficiencies as compared with unadventurous surgical pumps. Inspire by such uses, in the present study, a mathematical investigation into the peristaltic motion of viscoelastic fluid under the magnetic influence on a complex and curved nonuniform channel is considered. For the viscoelastic fluid, the Jeffrey model is used. The rheological equations are mathematically expressed in curvilinear coordinates and simplify by using the transformations. The transformed rheological equations are solved numerically by using the BVP4C method. The consequences of numerous flow feature such as axial velocity, pumping and trapping phenomena under the magnetic, radius of curvature, and viscoelastic parameters are calculated and displayed in graphical form for discussion. Additionally, an association with the curve and straight channels is deliberated with the help of graphs for both simple and complex peristaltic scenarios in MATLAB Software. The magnitude of pumping phenomena is enhanced by increasing magnetic parameter. The curved peristaltic pump has a larger magnitude of peristaltic pumping as compared with the straight peristaltic pump. The efficiency of complex pumps in the rheology of a viscoelastic fluid is much better than the simple peristaltic channel under both curvature and magnetic effects.
Heat transport in the flow of magnetized nanofluid over a stretchable surface with heat sources: A mathematical model with realistic conditions
Authors: Mackolil Joby , Mahanthesh B. , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAnalyzing the heat transport of nanofluids is of prime importance to various industrial and engineering sectors which involves modeling the physical phenomena via highly nonlinear partial differential equations. In this study, the flow and heat transport of a nanoliquid on a bi‐directionally elongating surface subject to two different heat modulations (linear temperature‐related heat source and space‐related exponential heat source) is investigated using the two‐component Buongiorno nanoliquid model. The dynamics of the nanoliquid are altered by an external magnetic field applied perpendicular to the sheet. The impact of Brownian motion, Lorentz forces, and thermophoresis are analyzed under the realistic passive control of the nanoparticles. A comparative analysis of the flow over the linear and nonlinear drawn surface is presented. Numeric solutions for the governing partial differential system are obtained through the finite difference method (FDM). Among two types of heat source modulations, the maximum heat transport is observed in the presence of the exponential space‐based heat source modulation. The flow and thermal fields are found to advance in the linear elongated surface flow than the nonlinear elongated flow. Furthermore, the random movement of the nanoparticles and the greater magnitude of the Lorentz force have a positive effect on the thermal enhancement in the nanoliquid system. The results of the study have applications in heating/cooling processes, nanoliquid‐dependent structures, and thermal systems with stretchable materials.
Laboratory/Pathology Services and Blood Bank
Authors: Fleming Kathryn M. , Klammer Matthias , Koh Mickey B. C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPathology and its laboratories are central in support of every facet of cancer care in a CCC center, from diagnosis, to patient support during treatment, research, therapeutic drug manufacture and development and bio-banking.We have approached this discussion from the perspective of the timeline of a patient’s journey through cancer care. We begin with screening programs, high quality diagnostics and then maintaining quality supportive cancer care. Specialised services such as cellular therapies and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation with their unique requirements are considered and lastly we discuss the vital role of clinical trials and research in comprehensive cancer care with a focus on biobanks.We also examine the role of the diagnostic laboratories and their clinical and scientific staff in shaping an integrated cancer diagnostic report, as an integral part of a cancer Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) or “Tumour Board”. Increasingly, integration of a large amount of clinical data, laboratory results and interpretation of complex molecular and genomic datasets is required to underpin the role of CCC’s as centres of clinical excellence and to collaborate with partners in local, national and international research protocols.
Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in the second order formalism
Authors: Moitra Upamanyu , Sake Sunil Kumar , Trivedi Sandip P. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We formulate the path integral for Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in the second order formalism working directly with the metric and the dilaton. We consider the theory both in Anti-de Sitter(AdS) and de Sitter space(dS) and analyze the path integral for the disk topology and the “double trumpet” topology with two boundaries. We also consider its behavior in the presence of conformal matter. In the dS case the path integral evaluates the wavefunction of the universe which arises in the no-boundary proposal. In the asymptotic AdS or dS limit without matter we get agreement with the first order formalism. More generally, away from this limit, the path integral is more complicated due to the presence of modes from the gravity- dilaton sector and also matter sector with short wavelengths along the boundary that are smaller than the AdS or dS scales. In the double trumpet case, for both AdS and dS, we find that bosonic matter gives rise to a diverging contribution in the moduli space integral rendering the path integral ill-defined. The divergence occurs when the size of the wormhole neck vanishes and is related to the Casimir effect. For fermions this divergence can be avoided by imposing suitable boundary conditions. In this case, in dS space the resulting path integral gives a finite contribution for two disconnected universes to be produced by quantum tunneling.
B-hadron production in NNLO QCD: application to LHC t$$ \overline{t} $$ events with leptonic decays
Authors: Czakon Michał , Generet Terry , Mitov Alexander , Poncelet Rene 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We calculate, for the first time, the NNLO QCD corrections to identified heavy hadron production at hadron colliders. The calculation is based on a flexible numeric framework which allows the calculation of any distribution of a single identified heavy hadron plus jets and non-QCD particles. As a first application we provide NNLO QCD predictions for several differential distributions of B hadrons in t$$ \overline{t} $$

t
¯

events at the LHC. Among others, these predictions are needed for the precise determination of the top quark mass. The extension of our results to other processes, like open or associated B and charm production is straightforward. We also explore the prospects for extracting heavy flavor fragmentation functions from LHC data.
ℳcTEQ (ℳ chiral perturbation theory-compatible deconfinement Temperature and Entanglement Entropy up to terms Quartic in curvature) and FM (Flavor Memory)
Authors: Yadav Gopal , Yadav Vikas , Misra Aalok 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A (semiclassical) holographic computation of the deconfinement temperature at intermediate coupling from (a top-down) ℳ-theory dual of thermal QCD-like theories, has been missing in the literature. In the process of filling this gap, we demonstrate a novel UV-IR connection, (conjecture and provide evidence for) a non-renormalization beyond one loop of ℳ-chiral perturbation theory [1]-compatible deconfinement Temperature, and show equivalence with an Entanglement (as well as Wald) entropy [2] computation, up to terms Quartic in curvature (R). We demonstrate a Flavor-Memory (FM) effect in the ℳ-theory uplifts of the gravity duals, wherein the no-braner ℳ-theory uplift retains the “memory” of the flavor D7-branes of the parent type IIB dual in the sense that a specific combination of the aforementioned quartic corrections to the metric components precisely along the compact part (given by S3 as an S1-fibration over the vanishing two-cycle S2) of the non-compact four-cycle “wrapped” by the flavor D7-branes, is what determines, e.g., the Einstein-Hilbert action at O(R4). The aforementioned linear combination of 𝒪(R4) corrections to the ℳ-theory uplift [3, 4] metric, upon matching the holographic result from ℳχPT [1] with the phenomenological value of the coupling constant of one of the SU(3) NLO χPT Lagrangian of [5], is required to have a definite sign. Interestingly, in the decompactification (or “MKK → 0”) limit of the spatial circle in [1] to recover a QCD-like theory in four dimensions after integrating out the compact directions, we not only derive this, but in fact obtain the values of the relevant 𝒪(R4) metric corrections. Further, equivalence with Wald entropy for the black hole in the high-temperature ℳ-theory dual at 𝒪(R4) imposes a linear constraint on a similar linear combination of the abovementioned metric corrections. Remarkably, when evaluating the deconfinement temperature from an entanglement entropy computation in the thermal gravity dual, due to a delicate cancellation between the contributions arising from the metric corrections at 𝒪(R4) in the ℳ theory uplift along the S1-fiber and an S2 (which too involves a similar S1-fibration) resulting in a non-zero contribution only along the vanishing S2 surviving, one sees that there are consequently no corrections to Tc at quartic order in the curvature supporting the conjecture made on the basis of a semiclassical computation.
Anterior Pituitary Volume in Patients with Transfusion Dependent Anemias: Volumetric Approaches and Relation to Pituitary MRI‑R2
Authors: Berliner Christoph , Wang Zhiyue J. , Singer Sylvia T. , Grosse Regine , McDonough Rosalie V. , Padua Eric , Yuan Qing , Weyhmiller Marcela , James Ellen , Vichinsky Elliott , Adam Gerhard , Yamamura Jin , Bannas Peter , Fischer Roland , Schoennagel Bjoern P. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Anterior pituitary iron overload and volume shrinkage is common in patients with transfusion-dependent anemia and associated with growth retardation and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We investigated the accuracy of different MRI-based pituitary volumetric approaches and the relationship between pituitary volume and MRI-R2, particularly with respect to growth and hypogonadism.

Methods
In 43 patients with transfusion-dependent anemia (12–38 years) and 32 healthy controls (12–72 years), anterior pituitary volume was measured by a sagittal T1 GRE 3D sequence at 1.5T and analyzed by 3D semi-automated threshold volumetry (3D-volumetry). This reference method was compared with planimetric 2D-volumetry, approximate volume calculations, and pituitary height. Using a multiple SE sequence, pituitary iron as MRI-R2 was assessed by fitting proton signal intensities to echo times. Growth and hypogonadism were obtained from height percentile tables and patients’ medical charts. From body surface area and age adjusted anterior pituitary volumes of controls, Z‑scores were calculated for all subjects. Separation of controls and patients with respect to Z and pituitary R2 was performed by bivariate linear discriminant analysis.

Results
Tuned 2D volumes showed highest agreement with reference 3D-volumes (bias −4.8%; 95% CI:−8.8%|−0.7%). A linear discriminant equation of Z = −17.8 + 1.45 · R2 revealed optimum threshold sensitivity and specificity of 65% and 100% for discrimination of patients from controls, respectively. Of correctly classified patients 71% and 75% showed hypogonadism and growth retardation, respectively.

Conclusion
Accurate assessment of anterior pituitary size requires 3D or precise 2D volumetry, with shorter analysis time for the latter. Anterior pituitary volume Z‑scores and R2 allow for the identification of patients at risk of pituitary dysfunction.