bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for functional decline among survivors of Gram-negative bloodstream infection: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Turjeman Adi , Koppel Fidi , Franceschini Erica , Yahav Dafna , Dolci Giovanni , Babich Tanya , Bitterman Roni , Neuberger Ami , Ghanem-Zoubi Nesrin , Santoro Antonella , Eliakim-Raz Noa , Pertzov Barak , Stern Anat , Dickstein Yaakov , Maroun Elias , Zayyad Hiba , Meschiari Marianna , Bishara Jihad , Goldberg Elad , Venturelli Claudia , Mussini Cristina , Paul Mical , Leibovici Leonard 
Published: November 2021

Objective
To identify risk factors for functional decline after hospitalization for Gram-negative bacteremia.

Patients and methods
A prospective cohort study based on a randomized controlled trial conducted between January 1, 2013 and August 31, 2017 in Israel and Italy. Hospitalized patients with Gram-negative bacteremia who survived until day 90 and were not bedridden at baseline were included. The primary end point was functional decline at 90 days.

Results
Five hundred and nine patients were included. The median age of the cohort was 71 years (interquartile range [IQR], 60–80 years), 46.4% (236/509) were male and 352 of 509 (69%) patients were independent at baseline. Functional decline at 90 days occurred in 24.4% of patients (124/509). In multivariable analysis; older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; for an one-year increment, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.05), functional dependence in instrumental activities of daily living at baseline (OR, 4.64; 95% CI 2.5–8.6), low Norton score (OR, 0.87; 95% CI 0.79–0.96) and underlying comorbidities: cancer (OR, 2.01; 95% CI 1.14–3.55) and chronic pulmonary disease (OR, 2.23 95% CI 1.12–4.42) and longer length of hospital stay (OR 1.09; for one-day increment, 95% CI 1.04–1.15) were associated with functional decline. Appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment was associated with lower rates of functional decline within 90 days (OR, 0.4; 95% CI 0.21–0.78).

Conclusions
Patients surviving bloodstream infections have poor long term trajectories after clinical recovery and hospital discharge. This has vast implications for patients, their family members and health policy makers.
“You must kneel, compañero”: The Making of Graham Greene’s Monsignor Quixote
Authors: Villar Flor Carlos 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the 1970 s and 1980s Graham Greene took up the habit of travelling around Spain to holiday in the company of his Spanish friend, the priest and professor Leopoldo Durán. The most outstanding fruit of these trips, almost always in summer, was the inspiration for Monsignor Quixote (1982), which Greene came to regard as his most accomplished novel (Cloetta 2004: 77). Centred around an idealistic, innocent, and somewhat foolish priest who establishes an intimate friendship with a communist ex-mayor, with whom he travels around Spain and talks about the divine and the human, the novel was initially conceived as a kind of friendly caricature of Father Durán, but it soon served as a vehicle to express various concerns that haunted the writer’s mind. The opening of the “Durán papers” collection at Georgetown University enables scholars to delve into unpublished material kept by Durán over the years, which may cast insights into the genesis of Monsignor Quixote from both textual and biographical perspectives. Taking as a major source Durán’s diaries, 16 notebooks recording his meetings and telephone conversations with Greene from 1976 to 1991, this paper aims to clarify some of the relevant background to the book’s inception, complementing the diaries with other accounts such as Greene’s letters to Durán and other friends, Durán’s letters to Greene, and testimonies by witnesses present at the events described.1
College Readiness, Early Post-secondary Academic Performance and the GED Degree: Evidence from Kentucky
Authors: Islam T. M. Tonmoy , Rouse Kathryn 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We use detailed administrative data from Kentucky to provide robust descriptive evidence on the relationship between the General Educational Development (GED) degree, college readiness, and early post-secondary (PSE) academic performance. Following previous work in this area, we address selection issues by focusing on a sample of students who are identified as at-risk prior to high school entry. Our results suggest the GED credential is not a credible signal of PSE readiness, particularly in mathematics. GED graduates attain a lower first semester GPA and are also less likely to re-enroll in second semester courses. We also find that changes made to the GED exam in 2014 to enhance student readiness in PSE institutions did not yield meaningful improvements. Finally, we investigate the extent to which differences in math coursework can explain estimated GED-related math readiness gaps, finding coursework to account for about for about 40 percent of the observed gap.
The path to xenopedagogy
Authors: Shank Gary 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThomas Sebeok coined the termzoosemioticsand defended it and its eventual successorbiosemioticsconsistently. These terms revolutionized semiotics by expanding its scope and moving it theoretically closer to Peirce and away from semiology. In this spirit, I would like to introduce the concept ofxenopedagogy, or the process of teaching and learning applied to extraterrestrials. While there is a body of work around astrobiology, xenobiology, and xenocommunication, there is nothing on record about xenopedagogy. Given an obvious kinship between edusemiotics and xenopedagogy, there is value in moving forward with the purely speculative work (so far) of exploring the dynamics and challenges of how humans and extraterrestrials might create educational opportunities for each other. An outline of potential key issues and possible directions will then be presented.
Natural signs from Plato to Thomas A. Sebeok
Authors: Nöth Winfried 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper pays tribute to Thomas A. Sebeok with an inquiry into the place of the semiotics of nature within his system of “global semiotics” and of natural signs within his typology of signs, which distinguishes “six species of signs.” It complements Sebeok’s theory of natural signs with a historical study of semiotic definitions of natural signs in four chapters. The first, “Natural signs from Plato to the Scholastics” focuses on Plato’s Cratylus, Aristotle’s “On Interpretation,” Augustine of Hippo, and the Scholastics, in particular Roger Bacon’s distinction between natural and “given” signs. The second, “Natural signs in 20th century analytical and cognitive philosophy,” discusses Rollin’s Natural and conventional meaning as well as the definitions of natural signs proposed by Jerzy Pelc, David S. Clarke, Laird Addis, and in Ruth Garret Millikan’s teleosemiotics. The third, “Structuralist strategies of excluding natural signs from semiotics” discusses how natural signs were excluded from cultural semiotics in the writings of Roland Barthes (Mythologies), Algirdas J. Greimas, and in Umberto Eco’s early semiotic writings. The fourth investigates how C. S. Peirce overcomes the dualism of nature and convention in his general theory of signs founded on evolutionary principles. The paper concludes with reflections on Sebeok’s theory of modeling as the distinctive feature of human semiosis.
Insurgent words: challenging the coloniality of language
Authors: Deumert Ana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article explores language ideologies and sociolinguistic scales from the perspective of decolonization. Coloniality is a multi-scalar world system that affects micro-level interactions in multiple locales, both in the metropole and in the former colonies. Not only does coloniality exist on a world scale, resistance to it is scaled up too and engulfs the world. The linguistic tradition that I seek to trace in this article is imaginative, creative and oriented towards alternative decolonial futures. It speaks to the experience of the coloniality of language, of language as alienating and oppressive, and to the corresponding desire, and need, for a different language. It articulates a decolonial philosophy and brings art and politics together to change the world. I show that the global south was, and is, an intellectual-artistic-political vanguard, articulating and shaping discourses about language and revolutionary action. In philosophical, artistic and political practice – stretching from Martinique to Paris, from Cape Town to Kingston – language and revolutionary practice merge into one: language no longer just reflects reality, it can change it.
FWB-online – a brief insight into an online dictionary revealing information on historical linguistics, cultural history and the impact of time and geography on the German language in the early modern era
Authors: Wolf Henning 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This essay will show, by the example of FWB-online (the online version of Frühneuhochdeutsches Wörterbuch), some possibilities to enhance the added value of traditional printed historical dictionaries published online by providing their data with deep structured semantic mark-up. This semantic mark-up can basically be used as a foundation for elaborated search and in a further advanced step also for visualizing specific aspects of the dictionary data, thus allowing for new perspectives on it. It will be shown, how these search methods and especially this kind of visualization of dictionary data can enable advanced approaches on both old and new scientific questions.
Circulating concentrations of citrulline, neopterin, kynurenine, and tryptophan during chemoradiation in patients with cervical carcinoma
Authors: Pospíšková Markéta , Strouhal Ondřej , Hlídková Eva , Vlachová Zuzana , Melichar Bohuslav , Doležel Martin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in circulating concentrations of citrulline, neopterin, kynurenine, and tryptophan during the course of chemoradiation in patients with cervical cancer. Sixteen patients with histologically confirmed carcinoma of the uterine cervix, aged 53 ± 15 years (range 29–76 years), were included in this study. Plasma neopterin, kynurenine, and tryptophan were determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma citrulline was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. Compared to baseline, citrulline concentration was markedly and statistically significantly decreased at visits 2, 3, and 4, while returning to pretreatment concentrations at visit 5. A significant increase in serum neopterin concentrations was observed at visits 4 and 5. With the exception of decreased kynurenine/tryptophan ratio at visit 3, no significant changes were observed in the concentrations of kynurenine, tryptophan, and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio throughout the course of the treatment. In conclusion, present data demonstrate that citrulline concentrations decrease early and neopterin concentrations increase late during the course of chemoradiation in patients with cervical carcinoma. Citrulline represents a biomarker of intestinal toxicity in this population.
Correlation of self-reported pain severity and healthcare expenditures in older United States adults
Authors: Axon David R. , Pesqueira Tyler , Jarrell Briana , Dicochea Dominic 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Healthcare expenditures of older United States (US) adults with different pain severity levels are important to investigate given the increasing prevalence of pain in this population. This study assessed the correlation of healthcare expenditures among older US adults with different pain severities, hypothesizing that expenditures would increase as pain severity increased.

Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional database study used 2018 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data and included US adults aged ≥50 with self-reported pain in the past four weeks and positive healthcare costs. Adjusted linear regression models with logarithmically transformed expenditure data compared differences in: total; office-based; outpatient; emergency room; inpatient; other; and prescription medication expenditures, between those with little, moderate, quite a bit, and extreme pain. Analyses were weighted to account for the complex MEPS design and to obtain nationally representative estimates. The a priori alpha level was 0.05.

Results
The eligible sample of 5,123 individuals produced a weighted study population of 57,134,711 US adults aged ≥50 with pain (little = 53.1%, moderate = 21.6%, quite-a-bit = 18.5%, extreme = 6.8%). In adjusted linear regression models, compared to little pain, extreme pain had the greatest level of costs, followed by quite a bit pain and moderate pain, for total, office-based, and prescription medication costs. For instance, compared to little pain, total healthcare costs were 78% greater for those with extreme pain, 51% greater for quite a bit pain, and 37% greater for moderate pain. However, this pattern was not observed for outpatient, emergency room, inpatient, and other costs, where ≥1 comparison for each cost category was not statistically significant.

Conclusions
This study found total healthcare costs increased as pain severity increased, yet this was not always the case when analyzing subcategories of healthcare costs. Further research is needed to investigate why some types of healthcare costs are greater with increasing pain severity, yet others are not.
Pluricentric linguistic justice: a new ethics-based approach to pluricentricity in French and other languages
Authors: Oakes Leigh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDrawing on the example of the French-speaking world, this article makes the case for the valuable contribution of a systematic ethics-based approach to understanding linguistic pluricentricity. Following a critical review of three key definitional dimensions of the concept - political, linguistic and representational/attitudinal - it argues for the inclusion of a fourth ethical dimension to assess whether there are moral arguments which might also favour the recognition of distinct national standards. It builds on the recent linguistic justice literature in the fields of political theory and political philosophy to propose the notion of “pluricentric linguistic justice” as a framework for evaluating the ethics of local norm-setting and enforcement in pluricentric contexts. To demonstrate how pluricentric linguistic justice might be assessed, it examines a series of valued-based arguments discussed in the linguistic justice literature relating to the instrumental and identity functions of language, considering how they might apply to specific contexts in the French-speaking world. Besides contributing to existing theory, the notion of pluricentric linguistic justice has the potential to help advance social equality, by drawing attention to some of the social and political injustices associated with diatopic variation in spatially diffused languages more generally.
Optimal Product Proliferation in Monopoly: A Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Lambertini Luca 
Published: November 2021

The monopolist’s incentives towards product proliferation are evaluated in an optimal control
model considering three alternative regimes: profit-seeking; social planning; and a
hybrid case with monopoly pricing and a regulator setting product innovation to maximise
welfare. In equilibrium, the profit-seeking firm supplies a socially suboptimal number of
varieties to reduce cannibalisation while the social planner exploits the same effect to satisfy
consumers’ love for variety and decrease the market price of all products. In terms of
the Schumpeter vs Arrow debate on the relationship between market structure and innovation
incentives, the results obtained in this model have a definite Arrovian flavour
The Relation Between Prices of Factors and Goods in General Equilibrium
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Taradas , Biswas Tapan 
Published: November 2021

In an n x n economy, the relation between commodity prices and factor prices has been presented in terms of finite variations. Using a generalization of the dominant diagonal condition on the Jacobian of the set of unit cost functions, this paper shows that a rise in the price of any commodity will bring about an increase in the earnings of the corresponding factor, making no other factor better off than that factor while the earnings of at least one other factor will not increase. Strengthening the requirement further shows that the earnings of at least one factor will decline.
Comparison Between Two Different Design Concepts of 4- Implant Assisted Mandibular Complete Overdenture:- periimplant bone height changes
Authors: Al-Shargaby Ekhlas , EMERA Radwa , Alwaseef Fatma , Fouad Mohammed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Purpose: This study was accomplished to evaluate the bone height changes radiographically and the reliability of use either two posterior short or inclined implants with two conventional anterior implants retaining mandibular overdenture.

Materials and methods: Ten male mandibular completely edentulous patients were divided in two equal groups after delivered complete dentures. For the first group (short implant design- group A) two vertical implants were inserted in the canine areas and two short vertical implants were inserted in the 1st molar area. For the second group (inclined implant design- group B) two vertical implants were inserted in the canine areas and two 30o distally inclined implants were inserted in the second premolar area. Digital standardized periapical radiographic assessment for horizontal and vertical alveolar bone height changes was carried out at T0 (immediately), T6 (6 months), T12 (12 months) and after mandibular complete overdenture insertion.
Result: 1. VBL decrease significantly with advance of time in both groups during the time intervals. The highest VBL around the implants was noted in the 1st six months followed by the 2nd six months, the highest amount of total VBL observed with the interval T0-T12, followed by the interval (T0-T6) and the inclined implant group showed significant higher total VBL than short implant group at the intervals T0-T6 and T0-12.
2- HBL decreased significantly with advance of time in both groups. For short and inclined implant group, the highest amount of total HBL observed with the interval T0-T12, followed by the interval (T0-T6). Short implant group showed significant higher total HBL than inclined group at the interval T0-T6 and T0-T12.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this clinical radiographic study it can be concluded that (1) The 30o distally inclined implants inserted in the posterior areas for assisting mandibular complete overdenture induce vertical bone loss more than the axially inserted implants (short or conventional implants). (2) The short implants inserted in the posterior areas for assisting mandibular complete overdenture induce horizontal bone loss more than the axially inserted implants.
Keywords: Short implants, O-ring ball attachment, VBL, HBL.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PERMAINAN JENGA MODIFIKASI UNTUK MATERI IPA MACAM-MACAM GAYA DAN PEMANFAATANNYA KELAS IV SDN LENTENG AGUNG 03
Authors: Astuti Nike Tri 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa media permainan Jenga Edukasi untuk materi IPA (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam) Macam-macam Gaya dan Pemanfaatannya di kelas IV SD. Media permainan Jenga Edukasi ini mengacu pada Tema 7 “Indahnya Keragaman di Negeriku” Kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Produk divalidasi keefektifannya oleh ahli bahasa, ahli materi, ahli media, dan guru kelas IV SD. Hasil dari validasi tersebut, media permainan Jenga Edukasi memperoleh penilaian akhir 97,3%. Media diuji coba hanya sampai tahap one to one dikarenakan pandemi covid-19 yang melibatkan lima siswa kelas IV. Hasil dari uji coba tersebut memperoleh 94%. Berdasarkan pengujian keefektifan produk yang telah dilaksanakan, media permainan Jenga Edukasi dinyatakan sangat layak untuk digunakan pada pembelajaran IPA materi Macam-macam Gaya dan pemanfaatannya di kelas IV SD. Media inovatif dan kreatif yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti menjadikan siswa semangat dan termotivasi pada saat penemuan konsep melalui aktivitas proses serta dapat digunakan guru sebagai media penunjang pembelajaran yang lebih optimal, sehingga pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar yang digapai akan lebih memuaskan.
Kata Kunci: Permainan, Jenga, Gaya dan Pemanfaatannya
Pure Superior Wall Acetabular Fracture
Authors: Richards John T. , Overmann Archie L. , D'Alleyrand Jean-Claude G. 
Published: November 2021

Case:
We present a case of a pure superior wall acetabular fracture in an US soldier, caused by a collapsing wall. Although Letournel and Judet classified this pattern as a rare variant of a posterior-superior wall acetabular fracture, it shares features of several patterns and the treatment more closely follows that of the anterior-based elementary patterns.

Conclusion:
The mechanism, incidence, and long-term outcomes of this fracture remain unknown, but improved recognition and proper classification may help to guide treatment. This case highlights 1 patient with this unique pattern and outlines its management and short- to mid-term outcome.
LRP16 Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating Hippo Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Cong , Xiong Chao , Wang Xianzeng , Sun Ting , Ren Zhenzhen , Li Bingxue , Zhang Man , Zheng Zhaoyang , Liu Hongchun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of LRP16 in the development of ESCC and the relationship between Hippo signaling pathway and LRP16. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of LRP16 in ESCC tissues. After transfection, the expression of LRP16 was detected by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot techniques. Cell counting kit (CCK-8), clone formation experiment, flow cytometry and wound healing were used to determine the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and migration of ESCC cells. The changes of factors related to Hippo signaling pathway were determined via RT-qPCR and western blot experiments. The results showed that the LRP16 expression in ESCC tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. High expression of LRP16 was related to the depth of invasion, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of ESCC. Furthermore, the knockdown of LRP16 inhibited proliferation, migration and promoted cell apoptosis and made cells arrested in G2/M phase. It also resulted in decreased expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP), and increased expression of mammalian STE20-like protein kinase (MST1/2), suggesting that LRP16 promoted the development of ESCC through Hippo signaling pathway. The results of this study suggest that LRP16 may be a carcinogenic gene of ESCC and promotes the progression of ESCC through the regulation of Hippo signaling pathway. Our study provides a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of ESCC in the future.