bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Five Epidemiological Models for Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in India
Authors: Purkayastha Soumik , Bhattacharyya Rupam , Bhaduri Ritwik , Kundu Ritoban , Gu Xuelin , Salvatore Maxwell , Mishra Swapnil , Mukherjee Bhramar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMany popular disease transmission models have helped nations respond to the COVID-19 pandemic by informing decisions about pandemic planning, resource allocation, implementation of social distancing measures and other non-pharmaceutical interventions. We study how five epidemiological models forecast and assess the course of the pandemic in India: a baseline model, an extended SIR (eSIR) model, two extended SEIR (SAPHIRE and SEIR-fansy) models, and a semi-mechanistic Bayesian hierarchical model (ICM). MethodsUsing COVID-19 data for India from March 15 to June 18 to train the models, we generate predictions from each of the five models from June 19 to July 18. To compare prediction accuracy with respect to reported cumulative and active case counts and cumulative death counts, we compute the symmetric mean absolute prediction error (SMAPE) for each of the five models. ResultsFor active case counts, SMAPE values are 0.72 (SEIR-fansy) and 33.83 (eSIR). For cumulative case counts, SMAPE values are 1.76 (baseline) 23. (eSIR), 2.07 (SAPHIRE) and 3.20 (SEIR-fansy). For cumulative death counts, the SMAPE values are 7.13 (SEIR-fansy) and 26.30 (eSIR). For cumulative cases and deaths, we compute Pearson’s and Lin’s correlation coefficients to investigate how well the projected and observed reported COVID-counts agree. Three models (SAPHIRE, SEIR-fansy and ICM) return total (sum of reported and unreported) counts as well. We compute underreporting factors as of June 30 and note that the SEIR-fansy model reports the highest underreporting factor for active cases (6.10) and cumulative deaths (3.62), while the SAPHIRE model reports the highest underreporting factor for cumulative cases (27.79).ConclusionsIn this comparative paper we describe five different models used to study full disease transmission of the SARS-Cov-2 disease transmission in India. While simulation studies are the only gold standard way to compare the accuracy of the models, here we were uniquely poised to compare the projected case-counts against observed data on a test period. Prediction of daily active number of cases does show appreciable variation across models. The largest variability across models is observed in predicting the “total” number of infections including reported and unreported cases. The degree of under-reporting has been a major concern in India.
Stroke During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Timing, Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Kim Harim , Yang Jeong Hoon , Chung Chi Ryang , Jeon Kyeongman , Suh Gee Young , Chung Suryeun , Sung Kiick , Cho Yang Hyun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Among various complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), stroke continues to be a major factor that worsens the clinical outcome because it is associated with mortality and adverse neurologic outcomes. Appropriate risk evaluation, screening, and management of neurologic injury under ECMO support has not yet been established and requires further investigation. Thus, this study analyzes the stroke related risk factors and outcomes in order to determine the appropriate intervention to minimize neurologic sequalae while on ECMO. Method Total 1039 patients who underwent ECMO from January 2012 to September 2019 at the Samsung Medical Center were reviewed and 759 subjects were selected for the analysis. The exclusion criteria were age < 18y, failure of successful ECMO initiation, multiple ECMO runs, underlying severe brain injury, and incomplete medical records. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of strokes on ECMO support using cox proportional hazard regression. In order to analyze the timing of stroke after ECMO initiation, the Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test were performed.Results Among The overall incidence of stroke was 5.1% (n = 39) without a significant difference between venoarterial (VA) and venovenous(VV) ECMO (5.3% and 4.8%, respectively, p = 0.480). Independent risk factors for stroke were intraaortic balloon pump (IABP, p = 0.0008) and a history of stroke (p = 0.0354). Most hypoxic brain injuries were found in the VA ECMO (93.3%), and 54.5% of intracranial hemorrhage were in the VV ECMO. Most patients with strokes (61.5%) were diagnosed within 72hours after ECMO initiation. The time taken for stroke event from the time of ECMO insertion was shorter in the VA ECMO than in the VV ECMO (median 1.5 vs. 3 days). The stroke group had a higher mortality rate than the non-stroke group (64.1% and 44.7%, respectively, p = 0.014). Conclusion Concurrent ECMO and IABP use may increase the incidence of stroke during ECMO support. Evaluation for stroke that includes CT within 72 hours of ECMO insertion may enable early diagnosis, allowing timely intervention.
Proteomic Comparison of Aged and OPTN E50K Retina in the Development of Normal Tension Glaucoma
Authors: Liu Xinna , Wang Qi , Shao Zhengbo , Zhang Shiqi , Hou Mingying , Jiang Menglu , Du Mengxian , Li Jing , Yuan Huiping 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a major characteristic of glaucoma, whose underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. An E50K mutation in the Optineurin (OPTN) gene is a leading cause of normal tension glaucoma (NTG), directly affecting RGCs without high intraocular pressure and causing severe glaucomatous symptoms in clinical settings. A systematic analysis of the NTG mouse model is crucial for better understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms for glaucoma.Methods: To elucidate proteomic and biochemical pathway alterations during NTG development, we established an OPTN E50K mutant mouse model through CRISPR/Cas9. Retinal proteins from resulting mice exhibiting glaucomatous phenotypes were subject to tandem mass tag-labelled quantitative proteomics. Retinal proteomes were analyzed through bioinformatics methods to characterize the molecular and functional signatures of NTG. Results: We identified 6364 quantitative proteins in our proteomic analysis. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that OPTN E50K mice experienced protein synthesis dysregulation, age-dependent energy defects and autophagy-lysosome pathway dysfunction. Certain biological features, including amyloid deposition, RNA splicing, microglia activation and reduction of crystallin production, were similar to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Conclusions: Our study is the first to describe proteomic and biochemical pathway alterations in NTG pathogenesis during disease advancement. Several proteomic signatures overlapped with retinal changes found in the AD mice model, suggesting the presence of common mechanisms between age-related degenerative disorders, as well as prospective new targets for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Healthcare Utilization of Below Poverty Line Population under Government-Funded Health Protection Scheme in One Sub-district in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hasan Md. Zahid , Ahmed Mohammed Wahid , Mehdi Gazi Golam , Khan Jahangir A. M. , Islam Ziaul , Chowdhury Mahabub Elahi , Ahmed Sayem 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background The below poverty line (BPL) population in rural Bangladesh have low access to hospital inpatient-care (IPC) services. The Government of Bangladesh (GoB) launched pilot Shasthyo Suroksha Karmasuchi (SSK) at Kalihati Upazila of Tangail district in 2016 aiming to improve IPC access of the BPL population and financial protection for healthcare. The GoB funded scheme provides IPC for 78 diseases and outpatient consultation through an existing health facility. In this study, we aimed to assess the level of healthcare utilization among the scheme beneficiaries and identify the associated factors with utilization. MethodsThis was an exploratory study with a cross-sectional household survey conducted from July to September 2018 among 806 sampled households using a structured questionnaire. Data on illness and healthcare utilization was collected from the selected households for the last 90 days of the interview date. A logistic regression model was applied to determine the factors associated with healthcare utilization from SSK facility. ResultsOverall, 8% of the ill patients in the last 90 days prior to survey sought healthcare from SSK facilities (n=639; total patients who sought care), 28% from medically trained providers (MTPs), and 64% from non-MTPs. Of the 23 (3.6%) patients who sought inpatient care (IPC), less than half (10 patients) of them utilized IPC under SSK. Individuals with accident/injury, unemployed, having knowledge about SSK, non-BPL status, were more likely to utilize healthcare from SSK facility. Individuals reside more than 15 km away from facility, had 4-5 family members, and above secondary level education were less likely to utilize care from SSK facility. Conclusions It is evident that healthcare utilization of beneficiaries from the SSK scheme was very low. Effective strategies for enhancing knowledge on SSK benefits and precise BPL households targeting can be instrumental in increasing utilization of the scheme. The scheme also has a potential to bring the individuals under its coverage who utilize healthcare from other MTP and non-MTP.
Youth Sport Participation and Physical Activity in Rural Communities: A Case Study
Authors: Kellstedt Debra K. , Schenkelberg Michaela A. , Essay Ann M. , Von Seggern Mary , Rosenkranz Richard R. , Welk Gregory J. , High Robin , Dzewaltowski David A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPhysical activity, a high-frequency health behavior, varies by where youth live, learn, and play. Youth accumulate physical activity in adult-led in-school and out-of-school settings. Youth sport is a potential setting for physical activity, but there are differences in youth sport participation based on age, gender, and socioeconomic status. There is a gap in understanding demographic influences on youth sport participation and how these factors interact to influence physical activity. This case study examines influences of grade, gender, and family income on youth sport participation and these factors and youth sport participation on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of youth in rural communities.MethodsYouth (n=418 3rd–6th graders) living in two rural communities completed the online Youth Activity Profile as part of Wellscapes, a type 3 hybrid implementation-effectiveness community randomized trial. Mixed models with community as a random effect examined main effects and interactions of grade, gender, and family income on youth sport participation and these factors and youth sport participation on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. ResultsAbout 80% of youth engaged in youth sport, and full pay lunch students were almost four times more likely to have youth sport participation than students with free/reduced lunch (OR = 3.91, 95% CI = 1.95, 7.8). Females and 6th graders (p <0.05) had lower physical activity than comparison groups. Males with higher family income had greater physical activity; females with higher family income had less physical activity. For 6th graders, high family income had less effect on physical activity than similar 3rd-5th graders (p<0.01). ConclusionsWhile a fairly high percentage of youth participate in youth sports, there are disparities in rural communities on youth sport participation and physical activity outcomes based on age, gender, and family income.
Invasive Mole Lead to Uterine Rupture, a Case Report
Authors: Wu Anshan , Zhu Qiong , Tan Chang , Chen Long , Tao Yin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Uterine rupture common in scar uterus. In invasive mole lead to uterine rupture are rarely seen. A 31-year-old woman, in a clinic was abortioned. After abortion, the patient abdomen paind and litter vaginal bleeding fivty-three days ago. Then, the Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin(HCG) was rised and MR imaging showed a mass in myometrium. Suddenly, the uterine ruptured and shock. The patient was operated on for a hysterectomy of Gynaecologist. The pathological result is invasive mole.
Off-label Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants Does Not Decrease the Stroke Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Patients in East China
Authors: Zhou Peng , Liu Rongchen , Yu Yangjie , Chen Wei , Ma Yunzhi , Wang Hengyang , Waresi Maieryemu , Wang Meng , Luo Xinping , Li Jian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: For anticoagulation therapy of atrial fibrillation (AF) in east Asia, some off-label dose, so called “Asian Dose” of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) was used concerning on the bleeding risks in these patients, such as low-dose rivaroxaban (10-15 mg once daily) or dabigatran (110-150 mg once daily). However, the efficacy of the off-label dose of NOACs remains controversial. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to compared the efficacy and safety among patients with AF in three groups: patients with the off-label dose of NOACs treatment (OFL group, dabigatran 110 mg once daily or rivaroxaban under 20 mg daily), patients with the standard dose of anti-coagulation therapy (SAG group, dabigatran 110 mg twice daily or rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily, or warfarin with international normalized ratio (INR) 2-3), and patients without non-coagulation treatment (NCG group) in east China. Results: A total of 296 patients were recruited in our study. Compared to patients in SAG group, patients in OFL group had higher risk in stroke and thromboembolism events (P=0.000). The risk of other events including major bleeding (P=0.597) was comparable in these two groups, while there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality, which were both dramatically lower than NAG group (0.52, P=0.000). Conclusions: Collectively, our results demonstrate that “Asian dose” of NOACs indeed can not bring much benefit for AF patients in east China.
A Single Knotless-anchor for Bursal-side Ellman III Partial Thinkness Rotar Cuff Tears: A Biomechanical Cadaveric Study
Authors: Liu Gang , Zhang Baolu , Zhao Qian , Guo Xiaoguang , Liu Yang , Qin Bo , Xu Ping , Liang Tao , Fu Shijie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Bursal-side partial thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) are frequent lesions with the treatment of multiple surgical techniques. However, to the best of our knowledge, no single knotless-anchor with two Ethicon 2# repair technique has been reported.Methods: Bursal-side PTRCTs (Ellman type III, 75% thickness of tears) were created in the supraspinatus tendon on 16 fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders. The specimens were randomized into two groups of 8 each: (1) Group A (Transtendon repairs), a single knotless-anchor repair with two Ethicon 2#, (2) Group B, the Conversion repair (Double-row, DR). Each specimen underwent cyclic loading test from 5 to 100 N by 50 cycles, then followed by an ultimate failure test. The displacement of greater tuberosity (mm) and ultimate (N) were recorded.Results: Compared with the load-to-failure test, there was no significant difference between Group A and B (Group A, 359.25±17.91N; Group B, 374.38±13.75 N, P＞0.05). There were also no significant differences in the rotator cuff displacement of 10 mm(Group A, 190.50±8.52N; Group B, 197.25±6.84, P＞0.05) and 15mm (Group A, 282.25±12.20 N; Group B, 291.13±14.74 N, P＞0.05). However, concerning the displacement of 3 mm and 5mm, we found a significant difference in these two groups (P<0.05).Conclusions: A single knotless-anchor with two Ethicon 2# for Bursal-side Ellman III PTRCTs is a simple, cheap, and effective technique that we could choose.
3D-printed Prostheses Assisted by Osteotomy Guide Plates for Reconstruction Following Periacetabular Tumor Resection via Two Approaches
Authors: Zhao Yong-jie , Zhang Jing-yu , Deng Xiao-qiang , Du Xin-chong , Zhang Hao , Yang Li , Hu Yong-cheng , Ma Xin-long 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Prosthetic reconstruction after periacetabular tumor resection likely yield good function. However, complications with this technique are common. Therefore, alternative prosthetic design and surgical technique warrant study. Methods: Six patients were retrospectively reviewed with malignant periacetabular tumors who received reconstruction using 3D-printed prostheses assisted by osteotomy guide plates via two approaches between July 2017 and June 2020. The surgical data, including operative duration and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. Preoperative and postoperative pain at rest was examined using the visual analog scale (VAS). The postoperative functional outcomes were evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system, and the postoperative complications were analyzed.Results: The mean follow-up was 19 months (range, 3-36 months). The mean intraoperative blood loss was 1416 ml (range, 600-2000 ml), and the mean operative duration was 333 min (range, 300-370 min). Satisfactory surgical margins were achieved in all patients. Six patients complained of severe pain preoperatively (VAS score, mean, 6; range, 4-8) and described significant alleviation of pain at 4 weeks postoperatively (VAS score, mean, 2; range, 0-5). At the 12 weeks after surgery, the mean MSTS score was 15.6 (range, 5-27). Local recurrence occurred in one patient at 3 months after surgery.Conclusions: The 3D-printed prosthesis represents a potential alternative for reconstruction after malignant periacetabular tumor resection. The design of the two approaches and the use of osteotomy guide plates can yield good functional results, as well as low rate of complications.Trial registration: This study has been granted an exemption from requiring ethics approval by the ethics committee of Tianjin Hospital.
Clinical Study of Hydraulic Perfusion Pump and Traditional Water Jet Irrigation for Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Authors: wu Jian , Guan Yuehong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: To compare clinical outcomes of hydraulic perfusion pump and traditional water jet irrigation in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy by a prospective randomized controlled study. Methods: From January 2016 to December 2018, 72 patients with lumbar disc herniation and failed conservative treatment were enrolled in this study. According to the odd number of the last digit of the hospitalization number, the patients were randomly divided into a hydraulic perfusion pump group and a traditional water jet irrigation group, 36 cases in each group. There were no significant differences in gender, age, prominent segment, clinical classification, preoperative pain visual analog scale (VAS), and Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores between two groups (P>0.05). The same surgeon performed all operations. These operations were performed by hydraulic perfusion pump flushing and traditional water flushing assisted surgery. The patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months (mean 15.7 months). The operation time, blood loss, hospital time, visual analog scale (VAS) for follow-up pain after one day and two weeks, and the last follow-up JOA scores. The type and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between two groups.Results: Compared with the traditional water flushing group, the operation time of the hydraulic perfusion pump group was short [(65.5±21.3) min vs. (74.8±19.9) min, t=9.465, P=0.003]. Blood loss was less [(21.2±12.9) ml vs. (27.4±14.1) ml, t=8.331, P=0.012]; there was no statistical difference in hospitalization time. The pain visual analog scale (VAS) and the last follow-up JOA scores in one day, two weeks were better than preoperative, but there was no statistical difference between the groups (P>0.05). In the traditional water flushing group, the symptoms of increased intracranial pressure like headache and neck pain occurred during the operation, which was forced to shorten the operation time in 5 cases, nerve root adventitia injury in 4 cases, and postoperative recurrence in 4 cases. In the hydraulic perfusion pump group, no patient had the symptoms of increased intracranial pressure like headache and neck pain, and nerve root adventitia injury in 1 case and 2 cases of postoperative recurrence. The incidence of complications in the hydraulic perfusion group was lower than that in the traditional water flow group. Conclusion：Hydraulic perfusion pump and traditional water-flow irrigation assisted percutaneous endoscopic lumbar disc herniation can achieve satisfactory clinical results. However, the former has short operation time, clear vision in operation, less bleeding, and less in-operation and postoperative complications.
Effect of enhanced recovery after surgery in the managements of ankle fracture patients: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yao Yuefeng , Li Guoqing , Liu Su , Xiong Ao , Xu Chang , Wang Deli , Zeng Hui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Ankle fracture is common and the treatment is embarrassed. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) has been successfully adopted for the improvement of efficacy and quality. However, application of ERAS in ankle fracture patients especially at the early stage is variable and remains to be clarified. We intent to explore the effect of ERAS among ankle fracture patients.
Methods

There were 29 male and 51 female patients aged 41.71 ± 14. 51 years who were consecutively grouped into non-ERAS group (n = 40) and ERAS group (n = 40). Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to assess the association in outcomes and variables.
Results

AOFAS at post-operative 3 month (PO3M) and PO6M, costs, LOS, and pre-operative LOS were verified significantly in univariate analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that ERAS can improve AOFAS at PO3M (β = 7.06, 95% CI, 4.45–9.65) and PO6M (β = 5.08, 95% CI, 2.35–7.80), reduce costs (β = -6885.13, 95% CI, -12089.40 - -1680.85), and reduce LOS (β = -3.27, 95% CI, -4.97 - -1.57) among ankle fracture patients. With the numbers available, no significant differences were observed (p༞0.05) for the AOFAS at PO12M and PO24M, complications, or opioids consumption.
Conclusion

We found ERAS is superior to general protocol among proper ankle fracture patients, which can enhance rehabilitation and improve medical quality and efficiency especially at the early stage. ERAS protocol may have a promising future and worth promoting.