bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD): may axial myopathy influence respiratory dysfunction?
Authors: carlucci annalisa , Barbarito nicola , malovini alberto , ceriana piero , cirio serena , piran manuela , pichiecchio anna , filippi paola de , danesino cesare , ravaglia sabrina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Respiratory dysfunction in Late Onset Pompe Disease (LOPD) is attributed primarily to diaphragm weakness; it is not always proportional to skeletal muscle weakness. Beyond diaphragm and rib cage muscles, we know that posterior trunk muscles participate to inspiration, and abdominal wall muscles contribute to forced expiration. We aimed to investigate whether the involvement of axial muscles detected by muscle MRI may correlate with respiratory dysfunction or influence respiratory functional tests.
Methods

In 19 patients with LOPD in different stages of disease, we analyzed trunk muscle MRI and upright forced vital capacity FVC, postural drop in VC, and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP).
Results

While upright FVC did not correlate with trunk muscle involvement, postural drop in VC, reflecting diaphragm weakness, was strongly influenced by the severity of involvement of all posterior and anterior muscles.
Conclusion

Trunk muscles involvement in LOPD may reveal respiratory dysfunction and contribute to postural drop in VC. It is likely that axial muscle weakness may impair the compensatory mechanisms occurring in clinostatism, and mainly operated by the abdominal muscles. Detection of axial muscle damage by MRI may thus suggest the need of more extensive respiratory assessment, i.e. by polysomnography, even when upright VC is still within normal ranges.
Structural Equation Modelling of Perception for Sustainable Agriculture as Climate Change Mitigation Strategy in Ghana
Authors: Ankamah Jacob , Kodua Theophilus Tweneboah , Addae Mary 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Ghana’s agriculture sector has contributed significantly to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the past decades even though there has been persistent decline of about 12.8% in the last seven years. It decreased from 31.8% in 2009 to merely 19% as of September 2015, a period of seven years. In spite of these trends, sustainable agriculture has been observed to be a game changer in agricultural development and growth globally. Sustainable agriculture is partly dependent on the attitude of the present agriculture students who represent the potential officers to impart sustainable agriculture knowledge to farmers. It is therefore relevant to assess the perception of students toward the concept of sustainable agriculture on climate change to inform policy decisions and interventions.
Methods
To assess the perception of students’ toward sustainable agriculture, this study sampled 120 final year undergraduate students’ in the School of Agriculture at the College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon. The study used a well-structured questionnaire to solicit students’ perception for sustainable agriculture, its’ adoption barriers and perceived strategies to address the barriers in Ghana.
Results
Findings indicated that students’ perception for sustainable agriculture is positive. Majority of the students (78%) were of the view that sustainable agricultural practices would help protect the environment and our natural resources, therefore could mitigate adverse effects of climate change on agricultural activities.
Conclusions
Students ranked perceived barriers to sustainable agriculture adoption as; economic costs, lack of knowledge and land tenure constraints. Strategic ways to address the barriers were identified as farmer-to-farmer education, provision of financial incentives, developing training and partnership programs, and participatory learning.
Phase-Contrast MRI Indices can Reflect Intracranial Compliance Deterioration Induced by Intra-Abdominal/ Thoracic Hypertension
Authors: Feng Jie , Yu Xiao , Liu Jie , Liu Wenjia , Ma Lin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIdentifying elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) and decreased intracranial compliance (ICC) is imperative for optimizing patient management in neurocritical care settings. Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and intrathoracic hypertension (ITH) is common in trauma patients, which affects homeostasis of ICP/ICC. Knowledge of this effects is little and monitoring this effect is difficult. In the current study, we examined whether the indices generated from 2D cine phase contrast MRI (2D cine PC-MRI) could reflect ICC/ICP alterations induced by elevated IAH/ITH during VM.MethodsA total of 50 healthy young volunteers participated in this study (male: female = 24:26), and took a 2D cine PC-MRI during normal breath and VM respectively. Cross-section area (CSA) of dominant IJV and ipsilateral ICA, the maximum blood flow (Fmax), minimum blood flow (Fmin), mean blood flow (MBF), pulsatility index (PI), arteriovenous delay (AVD) and time to peak of arterial pulse (TTP) were gauged from images or calculated from the blood flow curves generated from 2D cine PC-MRI. ResultsDuring VM state, in comparison to NB, CSAIJV increased significantly (p<0.0001), indicating an elevation of cerebral venous outflow resistance; Fmax_ICA, Fmax_IJV, Fmean_ICA and Fmean_IJV decreased significantly (p<0.0001, p<0.0001, p<0.001, p<0.0001, respectively); PI_ICA and PI_IJV decreased significantly (p<0.0001, p<0.0001); both absolute and normalized AVD decreased significantly (p<0.0001, p<0.0001), while absolute and normalized TTP increased significantly (p=0.0329, p=0.0376).Conclusions Indices generated from 2D cine PC-MRI, especially AVD and TTP, can reveal the ICC/ICP dynamics induced by elevated IAP/ITP. These indices have potential clinical application in ICC/ICP monitoring in patients who was speculated with an IAH or ITH.
Pancreatic Cancer Patients Who Cannot Undergo Curative Surgery Live As Much As Patients Over 70 Years Old
Authors: Yıldırım Serkan , Erdoğan atike pinar , Yılmaz cengiz , Özveren ahmet , Ekinci ferhat , Bulut gülcan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
İNTRODUCTİONPatients over the age of 65 (≥65) constitute approximately 54% of newly diagnosed cancers and approximately 70% of cancer-related deaths .These patients aged ≥65 years, who form the majority of clinical practice, are represented less in clinical studies than in real life. We designed this retrospective study to examine the treatment and response of patients to pancreatic cancer in patients over 70 years of age.MATERİAL-METHODOur study is a retrospective study that included patients from 5 centers in Turkey. Inclusion criteria were being over the age of 18 years, diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, and with ECOG performance score between 0-2. These patients were divided into two groups according to their age. The classification was made as patients over 70 years of age in the first group (geriatric group) and patients under 70 years of age (<70 age group) in the second group.RESULTSOverall survival of the <70 age group was found to be statistically significantly longer (median 10 months vs 9.1 months p = 0.027).When the patients who only underwent curative surgery were examined, the survival was statistically significant in favor of the <70 age group (median 20.96 months vs 14.5 months p = 0.011).No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of the overall survival of patients with metastatic diagnosis (median 8.1 months vs 8.4 months p = 0.182).CONCLUSSİONThe survival of patients with a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer aged 70 and over was shorter than other age groups. While this difference was significant in patients who could undergo surgery at an early stage, it was not found in the metastatic patient group. Prospective larger-scale studies are needed to evaluate the treatment of geriatric patients better.
Application of First-Order Feature Analysis of DWI-ADC in Rare Malignant Mesenchymal Tumours of the Maxillofacial Region
Authors: Yu Baoting , Huang Chencui , Liu Shuo , Liu Tong , Guan Yuyao , Zheng Xuewei , Ding Jun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: To research the first-order features of magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in maxillofacial malignant mesenchymal tumours. Methods: Eight patients that the patients' diagnoses were confirmed by pathology, and the clinical and imaging data were determined to be accurate. The patients were all examined by 1.5T MR imaging (MRI). Results: PyRadiomics were used to extract radiomics imaging features. The ADCmean and ADCmedian of sarcoma tissues were 42.2689 and 42.7275, respectively, significantly higher than those in lymphoma tissues (ADCmean (-61.3343) and ADCmedian (-70.2335)). Conclusion: While the statistical difference is not significant, it is consistent with the outcome of the manual measurement of the ADC mean value of the most significant cross-section of five cases of lymphoma. Development of tumour volume based on the ADC parameter map of DWI demonstrates that the first-order ADC radiomics features analysis can provide new imaging markers for the differentiation of maxillofacial sarcoma and lymphoma. Therefore, first-order ADC features of ADCkurt combined ADCskew may improve the diagnosis level.
The REPRISE Project: Protocol for an Evaluation of Reproducibility and Replicability in Syntheses of Evidence
Authors: Page Matthew J , Moher David , Fidler Fiona M , Higgins Julian PT , Brennan Sue E , Haddaway Neal R , Hamilton Daniel G , Kanukula Raju , Karunananthan Sathya , Maxwell Lara J , McDonald Steve , Nakagawa Shinichi , Nunan David , Tugwell Peter , Welch Vivian A , McKenzie Joanne E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Investigations of transparency, reproducibility and replicability in science have been directed largely at individual studies. It is just as critical to explore these issues in syntheses of studies, such as systematic reviews, given their influence on decision making and future research. We aim to explore various aspects relating to the transparency, reproducibility and replicability of several components of systematic reviews with meta-analysis of the effects of health, social, behavioural and educational interventions.Methods: The REPRISE (REProducibility and Replicability In Syntheses of Evidence) project consists of four studies. We will evaluate the completeness of reporting and sharing of review data, analytic code and other materials in a random sample of 300 systematic reviews of interventions published in 2020 (Study 1). We will survey authors of systematic reviews to explore their views on sharing review data, analytic code and other materials and their understanding of and opinions about replication of systematic reviews (Study 2). We will then evaluate the extent of variation in results when we (a) independently reproduce meta-analyses using the same computational steps and analytic code (if available) as used in the original review (Study 3), and (b) crowdsource teams of systematic reviewers to independently replicate a subset of methods (searches for studies, selection of studies for inclusion, collection of outcome data, and synthesis of results) in a sample of the original reviews; 30 reviews will be replicated by one team each and two reviews will be replicated by 15 teams (Study 4). Discussion: The REPRISE project takes a systematic approach to determine how reliable systematic reviews of interventions are. We anticipate that results of the REPRISE project will inform strategies to improve the conduct and reporting of future systematic reviews.
Risk Factors for Severe Cases of Inpatients with COVID-19 in Henan Province, China: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: LI Xiaoliang , Lei Xiaoli , Wang Junli , Kou Lijie , Yang Zhigang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Rationale: Our pilot study suggested that coexisting cerebrovascular diseases on admission with respiratory rate greater than 24 breaths per min, and LDH greater than 245U/L may be risk factors for death among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Henan province, China. Whether these risk factors are associated with severe illness in inpatiente with COVID-19 is yet unclear.Background: To explore risk factors associated with severe cases in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Henan province, ChinaMethods: This study was a multicenter retrospective cohort study. A total of 112 patients with COVID-19 were admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital and Anyang Infectious Disease Hospital from February 3 to March 31, 2020. These patients were confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data, imaging changes, and definite severity typing of illness (severe cases or non-severe cases) were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between severe cases and non-severe cases. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital severe cases.Results: A total of 104 patients (55 from Henan Provincial People's Hospital and 57 from Anyang Infectious Disease Hospital) were included in this study, of whom 62 (59.6%) were non-severe cases and 42 (40.4%) were severe cases. Multivariate regression showed increasing odds of in-hospital severe cases associated with age ³65 years (odds ratio 6.535 [95% CI, 1.365-31.295]; p=0.019), coexisting diabetes (11.165 [1.142-109.172], p=0.038), cough (17.494 [2.971-102.995]; p=0.002), increased procalcitonin (0.05-0.25ng/L) (9.640 [2.162-42.982]; p=0.003) and LDH greater than 245U/L (11.040 [2.661-45.808]; p=0.001) on admission.Conclusions: Age ³65 years, coexisting diabetes, cough, increased PCT, and LDH greater than 245U/L on admission may be risk factors for severe cases among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Henan Province, China.
Keystone Genes Confer Superior Performance in Hyperthermophilic Composting
Authors: Cui Peng , Liao Hanpeng , Ai Chaofan , Xu Zhongbing , Chen Zhi , Yu Zhen , Zhou Shungui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Large amounts of organic solid wastes originating from anthropogenic activities have imposed enormous pressure on the environment and human health. Our previous studies showed that compared with conventional thermophilic composting (cTC), hyperthermophilic composting (hTC) exhibits superior performance in organic solid waste disposal by providing advantages such as improved composting temperature, nitrogen conservation (NC), nitrous oxide (N2O) mitigation and germination index (GI). However, it remains unclear how hTC communities drive improved performance. Here, we used GeoChip 5.0M coupled with high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing data to investigate the variations in carbon (C)-degrading and nitrogen (N)-cycling genes and microbial communities and their linkages with selected performance indices (composting temperature, NC, N2O emission rate and GI) in hTC and cTC in factory-scale experiments, aiming to identify the keystone biotic drivers for the improved performance. Results: We showed that hTC significantly altered functional composition structures compared with those in cTC, which was driven by taxonomic shift in microbial communities. Specifically, hTC significantly increased the relative abundance of C-degrading genes and decreased the relative abundance of N-cycling genes during composting. These significantly shifted genes were the keystone genes dominating the improved performance of hTC, as indicated by a random forest model. Furthermore, network and partial least squares path modeling analysis suggested that the keystone genes continued to dominantly drive the improved performance after multiple biotic (community composition and other genes) drivers were simultaneously considering in hTC. Conclusions: Together, our study provides evidence that keystone genes potentially play a pivotal role in improving composting temperature, N2O mitigation, NC and GI in hTC and emphasizes the importance of understanding the variation in functions for targeted manipulation of composting practices.
Microbiome Structure in Biofilms From a Volcanic Island in Maritime Antarctica Investigated by Genome-Centric Metagenomics and Metatranscriptomics
Authors: Centurion Victor Borin , Campanaro Stefano , Basile Arianna , Treu Laura , Oliveira Valéria Maia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAntarctica is the coldest and driest continent on Earth, characterized by polyextreme environmental conditions, where species adapted to grow and thrive at low values of temperature, low nutrient concentration and relative humidity and high UV radiation form complex networks of interactions. Microbial communities growing in these harsh environments can form biofilms that help the associated species to survive in such harsh conditions. The knowledge on biofilms microbial community in the literature is extensive, however, most studies are focused on the dominant species and are not able to disclose the whole functional complexity and entire metabolic potential. MethodsTo overcome these limitations, the present study used genome-centric metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to analyze two biofilm samples collected in Deception Island, Maritime Antarctica. Species abundance and their functional activity were correlated with environmental parameters. Differential gene expression analysis based on the negative binomial distribution of the DeSeq2 package was used to compare the abundance of metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) in the biofilms (BR and BG) and the gene expression of the metatranscriptomic analysis (p-value 0.05).ResultsThe results showed a complex microbiome represented by 180 MAGs, highly divergent according to temperature, pH, and position along a transect of Whalers Bay sediments. Metabolic evaluations allowed to predict polyphenols and chitin as primary substrate feeding. The potential metabolic interactions were investigated using metabolic flux balance analysis and revealed that purple bacteria are the taxonomic group with the highest number of correlations with other bacteria. This behavior is well represented by the MAG WB_595 belonging to Alphaproteobacteria. ConclusionsDue to predicted mixothrophic behavior of Alaproteobacteria_WB_595 MAG, it may represent a crucial member of the microbiome, and it has the potential to support the heterotrophic species in the biofilms. Metatranscriptomics revealed that the chaperone system and proteins counteracting reactive oxygen species and toxic compounds have a key role in the maintenance of bacterial cell homeostasis in sediments of volcanic origin.
Sero-pravelence of SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG Antibodies Amongst Blood Donors in Nigeria
Authors: Ifeorah Ijeoma , Nna Emmanuel , Okeke Uchenna , Ivo Emo , Ayemoba Ojor , Yunusa Thairu , Ochagu Ogbeche , Ugwu Ngozi , Okafor Henrietta , Nnamani Amaka , Iloanusi Nneka , Onu Chika , Okoye Ifeoma 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Currently in Nigeria, SARS CoV-2 infection control measures rely solely on RT-PCR testing of cases with high index of suspicion for COVID-19. The sero-prevalence of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in the populations remains unknown. We aimed to determine the sero-prevalence of SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG in screened blood donors in two selected cities in Nigeria. Methods: A total of 113 blood samples from screened and accepted blood donors were tested for both SARS CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies using NOVATECH ELISA kits from Eurofins Germany. Results: The age range of donor was 21-48 years. Males were 96 %. Of the 113 blood donors 42% were positive for SARS CoV-2 IgG while 41% were positive for SARS CoV-2 IgM respectively. Only 11% and 19% of blood donors had equivocal test result for IgG and IgM respectively.Conclusions: Nearly a half of accepted blood donors in Nigeria had been exposed to SARS CoV-2 infection. Although it is not a blood transmissible infection, the blood banks must take adequate preventive measures to prevent spread amongst the bank staff and potential donors. It also implies a wider spread of the infection in Nigeria.Trial Registration: The study does not require registration.
Peptic Ulcer Does Not Increase the Risk of Stroke: a Longitudinal Follow-up Study Using a National Sample Cohort
Authors: Choi Hyo Geun , Soh Jae Seung , Lim Jae Sung , Sim Song Yong , Lee Suk Woo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies have reported that several gastrointestinal diseases increase the risk of stroke. We aimed to evaluate the risk of stroke in patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) using a national sample cohort from South Korea. Methods: We extracted data entered into the Korean National Health Insurance Service for patients with PUD (n = 129,531) and for 1:1 matched control participants (n = 129,531) and analyzed the risk of stroke using Cox proportional hazard model. Subgroup analyses were performed based on age and sex.Results: The rates of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were lower in the PUD group than in the control group. In a subgroup analysis according to age, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of PUD for hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were 0.76 (95% CI = 0.63-0.90) and 0.85 (95% CI = 0.73-0.98) in the < 50-year-old group and 0.72 (95% CI = 0.65-0.80) and 0.84 (95% CI = 0.80-0.89) in the ≥ 50-year-old group, respectively (each p < 0.05). In a subgroup analysis according to sex, the adjusted HRs of PUD were 0.71 (95% CI = 0.63-0.81) and 0.81 (95% CI = 0.5-0.87) in men and 0.75 (95% CI = 0.66-0.86) and 0.88 (95% CI = 0.82-0.95) in women, respectively (each p < 0.05).Conclusions: Our study concluded that PUD does not increase the risk of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke regardless of age and sex.
Diagnostic Accuracy of CBCT Versus Intraoral Imaging for Assessment of Peri‐implant Bone Defects
Authors: Song Dandan , Shujaat Sohaib , Vasconcelos Karla de Faria , Huang Yan , Politis Constantinus , Lambrichts Ivo , Jacobs Reinhilde 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Early detection of marginal bone loss is vital for treatment planning and prognosis of teeth and implant. This study was conducted to assess diagnostic accuracy of CBCT compared to intra-oral (IO) radiography for detection, classification and measurement of peri-implant bone defects in an animal model.Methods: Fifty-four mandible blocks with implants were harvested from nine male health adult beagle dogs with acquisition of IO, CBCT and micro-CT images from all samples. Peri-implant bone defects from 16 samples were diagnosed using micro-CT and classified into 3 defect categories: dehiscence (n = 5), infrabony defect (n = 3) and crater-like defect (n = 8). Following training and calibration of the observers, they asked to detect location (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual) and shape of the defect (dehiscence, horizontal defect, vertical defect, carter-like defect) utilizing both IO and CBCT images. Both observers assessed defect depth and width on IO, CBCT and micro-CT images at each side of peri-implant bone defect via CT-analyzer software. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and a p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Overall, there was a high diagnostic accuracy for detection of bone defects with CBCT images (sensitivity: 100%/100%), while IO images showed a reduction in accuracy (sensitivity: 69%/63%). Similarly, diagnostic accuracy for defect classification was significantly higher for CBCT, whereas IO images were unable to correctly identify vestibular dehiscence, with incorrect assessment of half of the infrabony defects. For accuracy of measuring defect depth and width, a higher correlation was observed between CBCT and gold standard micro-CT (r = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.94), whereas a lower correlation was seen for IO images (r = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.67-0.91).Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy and reliability of CBCT was found to be superior to IO imaging for the detection, classification and measurement of peri-implant bone defects. The application of CBCT adds substantial information related to the peri-implant bone defect diagnosis and decision-making which cannot be achieved with conventional IO imaging.