bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connectivity of nekton assemblages along artificial reefs and adjacent waters in Haizhou Bay
Authors: Gao Shike , Xie Bin , Yu Wenwen , Huang Chengyu , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Shuo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The successful construction of marine protected areas (MPAs) in temperate waters largely depends on our understanding of the distribution and coexistence of organisms with varying habitat preferences, which helps us to better understand the community patterns mediated by connectivity in coastal areas. This study was conducted to examine the connectivity of nekton assemblages in artificial reefs and adjacent waters, which included five habitats: the artificial reef area (AR), aquaculture area (AA), natural area (NA), estuary area (EA) and comprehensive effect area (CEA), in Haizhou Bay in October 2020. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there were significant differences in the characteristics and abundances of nekton in each habitat (P<0.05). Approximately 38.2% of the individuals were found in at least three habitats, and very few species were present in only a single habitat. Several highly abundant nekton species were selected according to the kernel density estimates (KDEs), and their body lengths varied gradationally among habitats, potentially indicating migration and diffusion during their life history. The results showed that artificial reefs and adjacent waters in Haizhou Bay are related by similar nekton assemblages and ontogenetic variation. Finally, this study has implications for the conservation and monitoring of nekton assemblages in artificial reefs and adjacent waters, highlighting that the principle of connectivity should be taken into consideration in the design of MPAs and MPA networks that can be applied in different stages of implementation and in different combinations of scenarios.
Personality Traits and Night Eating Syndrome in Women With Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Melunsky Natasha D , Solmi Francesca , Haime Zoë , Rowe Sarah , McIntosh Virginia VW , Carter Janet D , Jordan Jennifer 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose Evidence suggests that the harm avoidance personality type is more common among individuals with night eating syndrome (NES) than in the general population. Evidence of associations with other personality traits is limited. The current study investigated the association between a range of personality traits and NES.Methods Cross-sectional data were used from women with bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder referred for treatment in an outpatient psychotherapy trial. Regression analyses were used to test associations between personality traits (measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised) and NES symptoms (measured with the Night Eating Questionnaire), adjusting for potential confounding variables.Results The sample included 111 women. Low cooperativeness scores were associated with greater NES symptoms in the multivariable model (mean difference: -.10, 95% confidence intervals: -.20 to -.01, p = 0.033). There was weak evidence of associations between both high harm avoidance and low self-directedness personality traits and greater NES symptoms.Conclusions The finding that low cooperativeness was associated with greater NES symptoms is novel. Further research is needed to validate its presence in those with and without comorbid eating disorders and to examine the relative change in NES, eating disorder symptoms and personality scores in treatments focusing on cooperativeness.Level of evidence Level I (randomised controlled trial, CTB/04/08/139)
The solid subtype, according to the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification of lung adenocarcinoma, as a predictive marker for PD-L1 expression
Authors: Zhang Dachuan , Gao Xie , Shi Yongqiang , Yan Zhantao , He Wenting , Li Qing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: PD-L1 expression in tumor cells can predict the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and prognosis in patients. However, the correlation between the PD-L1 expression and the novel lung adenocarcinoma classification are obscure. Methods: 126 lung adenocarcinoma cases were reviewed in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from Jan. to Dec. 2019. PD-L1 (DAKO 22C3) was used to test the PD-L1 expression in lung cancer tissue. Result: TPS was used to interpret the PD-L1 expression. The negative, low positive and high positive of PD-L1 were 72 cases (57.14%), 39 cases (30.95%) and 15 cases (11.90%). PD-L1 TPS in solid structure was significantly higher than that in acinar structure, lepidic structure and papillary structure (P<0.001, respectively). The results of c2 test showed the PD-L1 expression had the significant difference with gender (P = 0.005), age (P = 0.030), smoking history (P = 0.024), lymph node metastasis (P <0.001), TNM stage (P = 0.001), acinar structure (P = 0.003) and solid structure (P < 0.001). Multi-factor linear regression results suggested that solid structure, TNM stage and smoking history were associated with PD-L1 expression (P < 0.05). The solid structure showed more capability to PD-L1 expression (β = 0.428). Conclusion: PD-L1 expression was heterogeneity in lung adenocarcinoma. The solid structure, TNM stage and smoking history were correlation to up-regulation of PD-L1 expression, and solid structure was the most importance factor.
Piezo-phototronic Effect in Centro-symmetric BiVO4 Epitaxial Films
Authors: Shao Pao-Wen , Liu Heng-Jui , Sun Yuanwei , Wu Mei , Peng Ren-Ci , Wang Meng , Xue Fei , Cheng Xiaoxing , Su Lei , Chen Hsiao-Wen , Lin Meng-Chin , Zhuang Qian , Huang Jiawei , Ivry Yachin , Liu Hsiang-Lin , Lu Yu-Jung , Liu Shi , Yu Pu , Chen Long-Qing , Gao Peng , Pan Xiaoqing , Hsu Yung-Jung , Wu Jyh-Ming , Chen Yi-Chun , Chu Ying-Hao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With exciting functionality, topological defects in ferroic system have attracted much attention. Under proper design, the emergence of polar domain walls in non-polar ferroelastics enables piezo-phototronic effect. In this study, we revealed ferroelastic twin texture with localized piezoelectric effect in epitaxial BiVO4 film by piezoresponse force microscopy. Supported by the strain field analysis, we found the piezoresponse confined at domain wall area is attributed to the flexoelectric effect induced by the presence of ferroelastic twin domains during the paraelastic to ferroelastic phase transition. The piezo-phototronic phenomenon was further supported the experimental evidence of dye-degradation and generation of reactive radicals. This work not only provides new insights into the introduction of piezo-phototronic effects in non-polar materials, but also sheds light on a new concept to use material inhomogeneity for acquiring multifunctionality.
The first hunting dog from Dmanisi: comments of social behaviour in Canidae and hominins
Authors: Lucenti Saverio Bartolini , Madurell-Malapeira Joan , Martínez-Navarro Bienvenido , Palmqvist Paul , Rook Lorenzo , Lordkipanidze David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The renowned site of Dmanisi in Georgia, southern Caucasus (ca. 1.8 Ma) yielded the earliest direct evidence of hominin presence out of Africa. In this paper, we report the first record of a large-sized canid from this site, namely dentognathic remains, referable to a young adult individual that displays hypercarnivorous features (e.g., the reduction of m1 metaconid and entoconid) that allow us to include these specimens in the hypodigm of the late Early Pleistocene European species Canis (Xenocyon) lycaonoides. Much fossil evidence suggests that this species was a cooperative pack-hunter that, unlike other large-sized canids, was capable of social care toward kin and non-kin members of its group. Interestingly, this rather derived hypercarnivorous canid attests to one of the earliest records in Dmanisi. Its dispersal from Asia to Europe and Africa followed a parallel route to that of hominins, but in the opposite direction. Hominins and hunting dogs, both recorded in Dmanisi at the beginning of their dispersal across the Old World, are the only two Early Pleistocene mammal species with proved altruistic behaviour towards their group members, an issue discussed over more than one century in evolutionary biology.
Daily branch chained amino acid intakes and the risk of obesity among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yang Xiaoyun , Li Weiqin , Li Wei , Liu Huikun , Wang Leishen , Leng Junhong , Fan Yuxin , Yang Xilin , Liu Ming , Hu gang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Some studies have found that branched amino acid (BCAA) is associated with the risk of obesity among general population, however, not all the results were consistent. The present study aimed to investigate the association of daily BCAA intakes with the risk of postpartum overweight and abdominal obesity among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods

We performed a cross-sectional study of 1263 women with prior GDM at 1–5 years post-delivery. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of daily dietary intakes of BCAAs with the risk of overweight and abdominal obesity.
Results

The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) across quartiles of daily BCAA intakes were 1.42 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.97), 1.00 (reference), 1.21 (95% CI 0.88–1.68), and 1.31 (95% CI 0.95–1.81) for general overweight, and 1.38 (95% CI 0.99–1.90), 1.00, 1.19 (95% CI 0.86–1.64), and 1.43 (95% CI 1.04–1.98) for abdominal obesity, respectively. Only women with the lowest quartile of daily BCAA intakes significantly increased the risks of general overweight (OR 1.49; 95 %CI 1.06–2.09) and abdominal obesity (OR 1.50; 95 %CI 1.08–2.11) compared with women at quartile 2 of daily BCAA intakes after further adjustment of daily energy intake.
Conclusions

The present study indicated U-shaped associations between daily BCAA intakes and the risk of general overweight and abdominal obesity among women with prior GDM.
Improving the usability of climate indicator visualizations through diagnostic design principles
Authors: Gerst Michael D. , Kenney Melissa A. , Feygina Irina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Visual climate indicators have become a popular way to communicate trends in important climate phenomena. Producing accessible visualizations for a general audience is challenging, especially when many are based on graphics designed for scientists, present complex and abstract concepts, and utilize suboptimal design choices. This study tests whether diagnostic visualization guidelines can be used to identify communication shortcomings for climate indicators and to specify effective design modifications. Design guidelines were used to diagnose problems in three hard-to-understand indicators, and to create three improved modifications per indicator. Using online surveys, the efficacy of the modifications was tested in a control versus treatment setup that measured the degree to which respondents understood, found accessible, liked, and trusted the graphics. Furthermore, we assessed whether respondents' numeracy, climate attitudes, and political party affiliation affected the impact of design improvements. Results showed that simplifying modifications had a large positive effect on understanding, ease of understanding, and liking, but not trust. Better designs improved understanding similarly for people with different degrees of numerical capacity. Moreover, while climate skepticism and affiliation with the Republican party were associated with less positive subjective responses and greater mistrust toward climate communication, design modification improved understanding equally for people across the climate attitude and ideological spectrum. These findings point to diagnostic design guidelines as a useful tool for creating more accessible, engaging climate graphics for the public.
Molecular Identification of Triticale Introgression Lines Carrying Leaf Rust Resistance Genes Transferred From Aegilops Kotschyi Boiss. and Ae. Tauschii Coss.
Authors: Kwiatek Michał , Belter Jolanta , Ulaszewski Waldemar , Skowrońska Roksana , Noweiska Aleksandra , Wiśniewska Halina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) is a commercial hybrid harboring wheat (Triticum sp.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) genomes. The limited genetic diversity of this crop resulted in the collapse of fungal disease resistance. Leaf rust disease, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. is reported to reduce the triticale yield significantly (more than 30%). There is a need to enlarge the genetic variability of this crop including leaf resistance genes. The main aim of this research was to transfer Lr39 and Lr54 leaf rust resistance genes into triticale from Aegilops tauschii and Ae. kotschyi, respectively. A reaction of seedlings of 200 plants of two triticale-Aegilops translocation lines (Bogo-2Dt.2R and Sekundo-2Sk.2R) was compared after inoculation with a natural mixture of P. triticina races, specific to triticale. Before inoculation, each plant was screened using molecular cytogenetics and molecular markers linked to leaf rust resistance genes. Presence of Aegilops chromosome segments was confirmed using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Lr39 and Lr54 leaf rust resistance genes were identified using Xgdm35 and S14 molecular markers, respectively. After inoculation, a significant improvement of resistance severity was observed in Sekundo-2Sk.2R in comparison with triticale cv. Sekundo plants. The resistance level of Bogo-2Dt.2R did not differ compared to triticale cv. Bogo plants. It was shown, that Lr39 gene did not increase the leaf rust resistance level of triticale cv. Bogo.
Finite-Time Consensus of Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems via Impulsive Time Window Theory: A Two-Stage Control Strategy
Authors: Long Teng , Yang SS , Wang Qianzhu , Ji Lianghao , Liao Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper concentrates on the problem of finite-time consensus of nonlinear multi-agent systems (MASs) via impulsive time window theory: a two-stage control (TSC) strategy. The TSC divide the whole control period into two parts, separately variable impulsive control stage and finite-time consensus control stage. Different from the general single-stage control, TSC can adjust the time period of impulsive control and finite-time control dynamically according to the practical application requirements. The variable impulsive control is also discussed in this paper. Comparing with the traditional fixed impulsive theory, the impulsive sampling time occurs randomly within the impulsive time window, providing much more flexibility to the system. In addition, the switching topology scheme is introduced in this paper to strengthen the stability of the MASs. Finally, two numerical simulation examples on the leaderless case and leader-following case are given to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.
Inflammatory and metabolic profiles of patients with end-stage renal disease: potential strategy for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine
Authors: Ma Xiaoxin , Wang Yongli , Wu Hongyu , Li Fei , Feng Xiping , Xie Yingxin , Xie Danshu , Wang Wenji , Lo Edward. Chin. Man. , Lu Haixia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives Few studies reported the periodontal disease-related metabolic profile of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The present study aimed to compare the inflammatory and metabolic differences between patients with ESRD and healthy controls, and to identify potential useful biomarkers for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) in GCP and serum of ESRD patients.Methods Patients with ESRD (ESRD group; n = 52) and healthy controls (HC group; n = 44) were recruited. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. The differential metabolites in the GCF and serum were identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Inflammatory markers including Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also assessed. Results In ESRD group, IL-8 and CRP were significantly higher in GCF, whereas IL-6 and CRP were significantly higher in serum, compared with HC group (all P < 0.05). In the case of GCF, taurine levels were positively correlated with IL-8 levels in both groups (all P < 0.05). In the case of serum, L-phenylalanine and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid levels were positively correlated with CRP levels in both groups (all P < 0.05). Significant positive correlation was observed between pseudouridine and IL-6 levels only in ESRD group. Conclusions IL-8 and CRP were potential inflammatory makers. Metabolites of taurine in GCF as well as L-phenylalanine and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid in serum were possible biomarkers that correlated with inflammatory cytokine. All these biomarkers may consider as a potential strategy for the prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and management of personalized periodontal therapy in the population with ESRD.
The Study of Anti-inflammatory Effect of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma 30% EtOH Extract on Chronic Acid Reflux Esophagitis Rats
Authors: Lee Jin A , Kim Min Ju , Shin Mi-Rae , Seo Bu-Il , Roh Seong-Soo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter, frequent transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and esophageal hypersensitivity, and often precedes the development of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. GERD is a very common diseased, and is on the rise worldwide. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pharmacological efficacy of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma 30% EtOH extract (CLR) on the chronic acid reflux esophagitis (CARE) rats. Methods: CLR was measured antioxidant activity, such as total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2, 2’-azinobis-3-ethyl-enzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity. And, to confirm the effect of CLR on esophageal in CARE-model, gross esophageal tissue was observed, and esophageal mucosal infiltration and inflammatory cell changes were observed under a microscope. We measured the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in serum. Also, we measured the level of 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) in serum and esophageal tissue. In addition, the antioxidant and inflammatory protein levels were investigated western blot analysis. Results: Administration of CLR to rats of induction of CARE was found to reduce esophagus tissue injury. ROS, ONOO-, and TBARS levels were significantly decreased in CLR compared with Veh rats. In addition, CLR was effectively reduced inflammatory protein, and increase antioxidant-related factors.Conclusions: Overall, CLR treatment suggested that markedly ameliorated the inactivation of NF-κB by blocking the phosphorylation of IκBα led to the inhibition of the expressions of proinflammatory proteins.
Stratifying by Vegetation and Hydrology Improves Tidal Marsh Methane Emission Accounting
Authors: Derby Robert Kyle , Needelman Brian A , Roden Ana A , Megonigal J. Patrick 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Methane emissions must be directly measured or estimated using methods such as proxies when managing wetlands for greenhouse gas offset activities. Salinity is a useful proxy for tidal marsh CH4 emissions when comparing across a wide range of salinity regimes but does not adequately explain variation in brackish and freshwater regimes where variation in emissions is large. We sought to improve upon the salinity proxy in a marsh complex on Deal Island Peninsula, Maryland, USA by identifying four strata based on hydrology and plant community composition. Mean CH4 chamber-collected emissions measured as mg CH4 m-2 hr-1 ranked as S. alterniflora (1.2 ± 0.3) >> High-elevation J. roemerianus (0.4 ± 0.06) > Low-elevation J. roemerianus (0.3 ± 0.07) = S. patens (0.1 ± 0.01). Sulfate depletion generally reflected the same pattern with significantly greater in the S. alterniflora stratum (61 ± 4%) than in the S. patens stratum (1 ± 9%) with the J. roemerianus strata falling in between. We attribute the high CH4 emissions in the S. alterniflora stratum to sulfate depletion likely driven by limited connectivity to tidal waters. Low CH4 emissions in the S. patens stratum are attributed to lower water levels, higher levels of ferric iron, and shallow rooting depth. Moderate CH4 emissions from the J. roemerianus strata were likely due to plant traits that favor CH4 oxidation over CH4 production. We concluded that stratification by hydrology and plant community composition can be an effective proxy to estimate CH4 emissions at the site scale.
A Performance Investigation of SAC-OCDMA System Based on a Spectral Efficient 2D Cyclic Shift Code for Next Generation Passive Optical Network
Authors: Cherifi Abdelhamid , Meftah KHALED , Ameur DAHANI , alayedi mohaned , mrabet hichem 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A two dimensional spectral/spatial cyclic shift (2D-CS) optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems is proposed for a potentially next generation passive optical network (NG-PON) implementation called (2D-CS NG-OCDMA-PON) system. The2D-CS proposed code is characterized by a high capacity and a zero cross correlation property leads to completely eliminating the multiple access interference (MAI) effect that is considered as the main OCDMA system drawback. Firstly, the 2D-CScode construction is investigated from 1D-CS code. Secondly, a system description is provided by exhibiting the transmitter and receiver architecture in the PON context. Analytical analysis reveals that our proposed 2D-CScode outperforms similar codes such as perfect difference (2D-PD) and dynamic cyclic shift (2D-DCS) codes in terms of spectral efficiency, simultaneous network subscribers and data bit rate. In addition, based on numerical analysis 2D-CS NG-OCDMA-PON system shows a good system performance by means of avery low BER and a high Q-factor values equal to\({10}^{-26}\) and 10.41 dB, respectively. Likewise, for four users and free-amplification the achievable reach ability distance of the NG-OCDMA-PON system is 63.21 km, 43.57 km and 33.2 km while Q-factor is equal to 6 dB at a bit rate of 622Mb/s, 1Gb/s and 1.5 Gb/s, respectively. On the other side, according to the system setup the number of single mode fiber (SMF) is reduced to the half compared to other 2D-OCDMA-PON systems based on enhanced multi diagonal (EMD) and single weight ZCC (SWZCC) codes.