bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ARubiaspp.‐based red pigment on bones from the megalithic passage grave ofEl Moreco(Huidobro, Burgos, Spain)
Authors: Santa Cruz del Barrio Angélica , Martín‐Gil Jesús , Delibes de Castro Germán , Martín‐Ramos Pablo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThroughout prehistoric times it was common to smear red pigment on the bodies of the dead. Iron oxide was the most common pigment, but other pigments were also used. In this work, two red‐stained bones from the megalithic tomb ofEl Morecowere characterized by SEM‐EDS, FTIR, and GC–MS. The results provide evidence for the usage of a pigment obtained fromRubiaspp. This finding constitutes one of the oldest evidences of the use of madder red in Western Europe (IV‐III millennium BC) and, without ruling out other functions, suggests that it could have been used as a textile dye.
Effects of sodium humate and glutamine combined supplementation on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, blood parameters, and intestinal microflora of weaned calves
Authors: Wang Dong , Du Yuanyi , Wang Shuang , You Zhendong , Liu Yun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium humate (HNa) and glutamine (Gln) alone or combined supplementation on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, blood parameters, and intestinal microflora of weaned Holstein calves. In a 14‐day experiment, 40 calves at 51 ± 3 days of age were randomly allocated to four treatment groups: (1) NC (basal diet), (2) NC + 5% HNa, (3) NC + 1% Gln, and (4) NC + 5% HNa + 1% Gln. Calves combined supplementation with HNa and Gln had a higher (P < .05) ADG, serum concentration of glucose (GLU), IgA, and IgG but lower fecal scores, diarrhea incidence, serum concentration of TNF‐α, and IL‐10 compared with NC group (P < .05). Compared with NC group, HNa + Gln group showed higher (P < .05) serum GSH and T‐AOC activities but lower (P < .05) concentration of MDA and D‐lac. Furthermore, the abundances of Prevotella ruminicola, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus in rectal digesta were increased (P < .05), but the Escherichia coli was significantly decreased. In conclusion, combined supplementation with HNa and Gln can effectively improve the immune status, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microflora of the weaned calves while reducing diarrhea incidence.
Sensitivity to being betrayed and betraying others in obsessive compulsive disorder and depression
Authors: Howkins Sarah , Millar Josie F. A. , Salkovskis Paul M. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesMental contamination (MC) describes subjective internal feelings of ‘dirtiness’, which are experienced in the absence of direct physical contact/contaminants. There is evidence of a link between MC in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and the experience of past betrayals. However, it has also been noted that ‘perpetrators’ also experience MC. We aimed to replicate the previous finding of specificity of OCD for sensitivity to being betrayed by comparing with those suffering from depression, and to extend this by evaluating whether people with high MC OCD are also relatively more sensitive to the idea that they might betray others compared to those with low levels of MC OCD.DesignA cross‐sectional, between‐groups design was used.MethodFour groups, high MC OCD (N = 60), low MC OCD (N = 61), depression (N = 28), and non‐clinical controls (N = 46) completed online questionnaires. Participants were recruited through the National Health Service (NHS) and social media.ResultsRelative to all groups, the high MC OCD group had significantly higher scores both for betrayal sensitivity and sensitivity to betraying others. The depression group showed similar levels to low MC OCD in betrayal sensitivity but were significantly lower (and comparable to non‐clinical controls) in sensitivity to betraying others.ConclusionsBetrayal sensitivity occurs trans‐diagnostically. There may be a specific link between the development of OCD and the perception of betraying others, perhaps linked to the trauma of being betrayed making those so affected more likely to worry about their own responsibility for betraying others.Practitioner points

Clinicians should, across diagnoses, attend to sensitivity to being betrayed and the experiences which may have led to this.

Current treatments for MC OCD recommend working with historical experiences of ‘betrayal’. This study suggests that people with OCD also have an increased sensitivity to the idea of being a ‘perpetrator’ of betrayal linked to high responsibility beliefs.

Specifically for OCD, it is possible that the experience of previously being betrayed results in increased current sensitivity to being responsible for being a ‘betrayer’. It may, therefore, also be useful for therapists to consider if patients with MC OCD are concerned about potentially betraying others and to consider this within the formulation.

The focus of clinical work could be to redefine these difficulties by reappraising beliefs regarding experience of betrayal and the likelihood of betraying others.

Elevated levels of betrayal sensitivity were found in people with depression, and this may need to be considered in treatment approaches.
Forebulge migration in the foreland basin system of the central‐southern Apennine fold‐thrust belt (Italy): New high‐resolution Sr‐isotope dating constraints
Authors: Sabbatino Monia , Tavani Stefano , Vitale Stefano , Ogata Kei , Corradetti Amerigo , Consorti Lorenzo , Arienzo Ilenia , Cipriani Anna , Parente Mariano 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Apennines are a retreating collisional belt where the foreland basin system, across large domains, is floored by a subaerial forebulge unconformity developed due to forebulge uplift and erosion. This unconformity is overlain by a diachronous sequence of three lithostratigraphic units made of (a) shallow‐water carbonates, (b) hemipelagic marls and shales and (c) siliciclastic turbidites. Typically, the latter two have been interpreted regionally as the onset of syn‐orogenic deposition in the foredeep depozone, whereas little attention has been given to the underlying unit. Accordingly, the rate of migration of the central‐southern Apennine fold‐thrust belt‐foreland basin system has been constrained, so far, exclusively considering the age of the hemipelagites and turbidites, which largely post‐date the onset of foredeep depozone. In this work, we provide new high‐resolution ages obtained by strontium isotope stratigraphy applied to calcitic bivalve shells sampled at the base of the first syn‐orogenic deposits overlying the Eocene‐Cretaceous pre‐orogenic substratum. Integration of our results with published data indicates progressive rejuvenation of the strata sealing the forebulge unconformity towards the outer portions of the fold‐thrust belt. In particular, the age of the forebulge unconformity linearly scales with the pre‐orogenic position of the analysed sites, pointing to an overall constant migration velocity of the forebulge wave in the last 25 Myr.
Postoperative changes in plasma miR21‐5p as a novel biomarker for colorectal cancer recurrence: A prospective study
Authors: Fukada Masahiro , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Takahashi Takao , Sugito Nobuhiko , Heishima Kazuki , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Akao Yukihiro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCancer‐related microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as promising and noninvasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of postoperative changes in plasma miR21‐5p levels for recurrence and progressive disease (PD) after surgical resection. This study was a prospective study of 103 CRC patients who underwent surgical resection. Self‐paired plasma samples collected pre‐operation (Pre), 7 days post‐operation (POD7), 1 month post‐operation (POM1), and 6 months post‐operation (POM6) were analyzed. The miRNA levels were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Among the enrolled patients, ten cases (9.7%) of postoperative recurrence and six cases (5.8%) of postoperative PD occurred at POM6. In the recurrence and PD group, plasma miR21‐5p levels significantly increased (POM1: P < .01, POM6: P < .01, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) value for postoperative changes in plasma miR21‐5p levels at POM1 and POM6 to discriminate recurrence and PD were 0.675 and 0.715, respectively. Combined analysis with postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in discriminating recurrence and PD increased AUC values (POM1: 0.715 and POM6: 0.789). Furthermore, multivariate analysis for recurrence and PD after surgical resection showed that postoperative changes in the plasma miR21‐5p level at POM1 and POM6 were independent prognostic factors (POM1: P = .03, POM6: P < .01). The postoperative changes in plasma miR21‐5p level could be a useful noninvasive biomarker for monitoring and predicting recurrence and PD after surgical resection of CRC patients. Furthermore, plasma miR21‐5p can predict recurrence and PD after surgical resection.
What is the evidence on the added value of implant‐supported overdentures? A review
Authors: Van de Winkel Thomas , Heijens Laura , Listl Stefan , Meijer Gert 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundImplant‐supported overdentures (IODs) have been reported to increase patients' oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in comparison with conventional dentures (CDs); however, the conclusiveness of evidence on the clinical effectiveness and value for money of IODs versus CDs remains unclear.PurposeTo review how the added value of IODs is demonstrated in the literature.Materials and methodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database were searched for randomized control trials, controlled clinical trials, and prospective cohort studies containing evaluations of the economic and health benefits and costs of IODs. Information about the clinical effectiveness, such as magnitude of bite forces or chewing efficacy, OHRQoL, costs, and cost‐effectiveness of IODs, was extracted.ResultsA total of 17 articles were included, reporting 15 economic evaluations: 11 cost‐utility analyses (CUAs), 2 of which were combined with a cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA), and 2 cost–benefit analyses (CBAs). Seven CUAs used the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire while four used satisfaction questionnaires to assess the OHRQoL. One study applied quality‐adjusted prosthesis years (QAPYs) for this purpose. The CBAs expressed both the beneficial outcome and the costs of the IOD in monetary terms. The included studies employed a large variety of economic evaluation methods, which limited cross‐study comparability.ConclusionsOn the basis of existing economic evaluations, IODs have frequently been suggested to be a cost‐efficient treatment alternative to CDs; however, the comparability between the various economic evaluation studies was limited due to the different outcome measures used. In addition, it remains unclear whether the additional health benefits of IODs outweigh the higher costs. This is largely dependent on the decision maker's valuation of oral health outcomes. Future research is encouraged to further elucidate patient willingness to pay for IODs and the societal return on investing in IODs more generally.
‘Oh, I’ve got an appointment’: A qualitative interview study exploring how to support attendance at diabetes screening after gestational diabetes
Authors: Dennison Rebecca A. , Meek Claire L. , Usher‐Smith Juliet A. , Fox Rachel A. , Aiken Catherine E. , Griffin Simon J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore the views of women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on suggested practical approaches to support diabetes screening attendance after GDM, which is recommended but poorly attended.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 20 participants in Cambridgeshire, UK who had been diagnosed with GDM and were 3–48 months postpartum. Interviews covered whether participants had been screened and why, plans for future screening and their views on potential interventions to facilitate attendance (at the first postpartum test and annual testing). Framework analysis was used to analyse the transcripts. The interview schedule, suggested interventions and thematic framework were based on a recent systematic review.ResultsSixteen participants had undergone screening since pregnancy, explaining that they had an appointment arranged and wanted reassurance that they did not have diabetes. The participants who had not been tested were not aware that it was recommended. Only 13 had planned to attend subsequent tests at the start of the interview. Eight themes to support future attendance were discussed. The majority of the participants agreed that changing the processes for arranging tests, offering choice in test location and combining appointments would facilitate attendance. Child‐friendly clinics, more opportunities to understand GDM and the role of postpartum testing, stopping self‐testing and increasing their GP’s awareness of their pregnancy received inconsistent feedback. The nature of the test used did not appear to influence attendance.ConclusionsThe participants wanted to be screened for diabetes after GDM. We have identified interventions that could be relatively simply incorporated into routine practice to facilitate screening attendance, such as flexibility in the appointment location or time and sending invitations for tests.
Complete AV block in a neonatal foal suffering from nutritional myodegeneration
Authors: Conze T. M. , Falkenau A. , Goehring L. S. , May A. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryThis case report concerns a 1‐day‐old, full‐term Quarter Horse colt presented due to a progressive inability to rise and nurse. Besides the general weakness, a marked bradycardia was evident, which was caused by a third‐degree atrioventricular (AV) block. Subsequently, the diagnosis of acute nutritional myodegeneration (NMD) was made based on clinical signs, elevated muscle enzymes, ECG findings, as well as low serum selenium and vitamin E values. Despite intensive care and supportive therapy, the foal´s condition deteriorated, and euthanasia was elected. Necropsy confirmed the diagnosis of NMD and revealed diffuse necrosis and inflammatory infiltration of the skeletal and myocardial musculature, as well as the cardiac conduction system which might have resulted in complete AV block.
Comparative anti‐inflammatory effects of insulin and dexamethasone on cardiovascular biomarkers and antioxidants in miniature donkeys subjected to induced carbohydrate overload
Authors: Samimi A. S. , Poostfroush S. , Samimi K. , Tajik J. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryBackgroundInflammatory responses as a result of carbohydrate (CHO) engorgement have been associated with peripheral tissue insulin resistance.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the anti‐inflammatory effects of intravenous (i.v.) administration of insulin and dexamethasone on clinical parameters, antioxidants and cardiovascular biomarkers in miniature donkeys subjected to induced CHO overload.Study designProspective, experimental study.MethodsEighteen clinically healthy male miniature donkeys with the age of 5 ± 1 years, weight of 105 ± 6 kg, body condition score of 5 (moderate) and height at the withers of 0.9 ± 0.06 m were used for this study. The animals were randomly assigned into three experimental groups (2 treatments and 1 negative control). Oligofructose (OF) at 10 g/kg of bodyweight was administered via nasogastric tube to induce CHO overload. Six hours later, animals in the treatment groups received IV 3 IU/kg bwt of insulin and 2 mg/kg bwt dexamethasone, respectively.ResultsThe results of this study revealed that heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT), packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC), glucose, homocysteine (Hcy) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) increased, while the values of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) decreased in miniature donkeys subjected to CHO engorgement. All variables (except PCV) returned to normal values within 24 h in treatment groups. In treatment groups, HR and RR were significantly lower than the control group after 12 h. There were no significant differences between insulin and dexamethasone in levels of cTnI, Hcy, SOD, GPX, glucose, PCV and WBC after 24 h.Main limitationsRecording of only antioxidants and cardiovascular biomarkers is insufficient to well define the anti‐inflammatory effects of insulin.ConclusionsIt could be suggested that insulin (3 IU/kg bwt) and dexamethasone (2 mg/kg bwt) may be useful during CHO overload in miniature donkeys.
In vitro inhibition and molecular docking of a new ciprofloxacin‐chalcone against SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease
Authors: Alaaeldin Rania , Mustafa Muhamad , Abuo‐Rahma Gamal El‐Din A. , Fathy Moustafa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground/AimSARS‐CoV‐2 is one of the coronavirus families that emerged at the end of 2019. It infected the respiratory system and caused a pandemic worldwide. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have been safely used as antibacterial agents for decades. The antiviral activity of FQs was observed. Moreover, substitution on the C‐7 position of ciprofloxacin enhanced its antiviral activity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antiviral activity of 7‐(4‐(N‐substituted‐carbamoyl‐methyl)piperazin‐1yl)‐chalcone in comparison with ciprofloxacin against SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (Mpro).Materials and methodsVero cells were infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. After treatment with ciprofloxacin and the chalcone at the concentrations of 1.6, 16, 160 nmol/L for 48 h, SARS‐CoV‐2 viral load was detected using real‐time qPCR, SARS‐CoV‐2 infectivity was determined using plaque assay, and the main protease enzyme activity was detected using in vitro 3CL‐protease inhibition assay. The activity of the chalcone was justified through molecular docking within SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro, in comparison with ciprofloxacin.ResultsThe new chalcone significantly inhibited viral load replication where the EC50 was 3.93 nmol/L, the plaque formation ability of the virus was inhibited to 86.8% ± 2.47. The chalcone exhibited a significant inhibitory effect against SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro in vitro in a dose‐dependent manner. The docking study into SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro active site justified the importance of adding a substitution to the parent drug. Additionally, the assessment of the drug‐likeness properties indicated that the chalcone might have acceptable ADMET properties.ConclusionThe new chalcone might be useful and has new insights for the inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro.
Turning the tide? Economic reforms and union revival in India
Authors: Badigannavar Vidu , Kelly John , Kumar Manik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite nearly three decades of ostensibly pro‐employer economic reforms in India, trade union membership and density in India appear to have risen. Although similar trends have been reported and investigated in other emerging economies such as China and South Africa, the union revival thesis in India is yet to be fully explored. Using large‐scale official survey data from 1993–1994 to 2011–2012 and primary data collected through 56 interviews with key stakeholders, this paper investigates the patterns of union membership growth in India. Findings indicate varying degrees of growth in union membership across all industrial sectors and employment types. We draw upon theoretical insights from economic theories of union growth, comparative politics and social movement unionism to explain union membership growth in India.
Sleeping is a nightmare: A qualitative study on the experience and management of poor sleep quality in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Climent‐Sanz Carolina , Gea‐Sánchez Montserrat , Fernández‐Lago Helena , Mateos‐García José Tomás , Rubí‐Carnacea Francesc , Briones‐Vozmediano Erica 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the experience and management of poor sleep quality in Spanish women with fibromyalgia (FM).DesignThis was a qualitative study based on one‐to‐one interviews.MethodsTwenty‐one adult women diagnosed with FM were recruited from the community between January and March 2020. Data were collected through in‐depth semistructured one‐to‐one interviews, using an interview guide of open questions about the experience and management of poor sleep quality, and were analyzed with thematic qualitative analysis. The symptom management theory was used as a biopsychosocial conceptual framework.ResultsThe results were organized into two themes: (a) experience of poor sleep quality and (b) management strategies for poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was found to be a severe symptom of FM that negatively impacts pain, fatigue, stiffness, mental health, and quality of life. The participants perceived pharmacological treatment to be the main approach of health care professionals for improving sleep, and most did not want this form of treatment. Self‐management strategies lack clear beneficial effects on sleep quality.ConclusionWomen with FM recognize that they need to receive more information from nurses and allied professions about sleep in the context of FM and how to effectively manage poor sleep quality.ImpactThis study contributes to a better understanding of how women with FM experience and manage poor sleep quality. More information about management strategies for poor sleep quality from nurses and other health care professionals is needed in women with FM. The results of this study can be applied by nurses and health care professionals, including sleep educators, in the treatment of this patient group.
The incidence and location of epicardial connections in the era of contact force guided ablation for pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Sun Xuerong , Niu Guodong , Lin Jinxuan , Suo Ni , Guo Tao , Lu Jiang , Feng Tianjie , Zheng Lihui , Yao Yan , Zhang Shu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of epicardial connections (ECs) involving pulmonary veins (PVs) in atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation have been revealed recently. However, no systematic approaches to identify and ablate the ECs were established.MethodsPatients with AF undergoing radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation were retrospectively analyzed. ECs were identified when (1) PV isolation (PVI) cannot be achieved after first‐pass isolation; (2) PVI was still absent although the conduction gap was detected and ablated; (3) the earliest activation area (EAA) was revealed located within the PV antrum distant from the initial ablation line using high‐density mapping (HDM) technique; (4) focal ablation at the EAA was effective to achieve PVI. Relevant pacing maneuvers were performed to elucidate ECs’ bidirectional conduction.ResultsOverall, 36 ECs were identified and ablated in 35/597 (5.86%) patients. Among the 35 patients with ECs, at least one PV insertion of ECs was located at the carina region. The most common pattern was a single breakthrough in 31 (88.6%) patients, followed by multiple breakthroughs in 3 and wide breakthroughs in 1. The median distance from EAA to the initial ablation line was 10.0 mm. The average number of RF energy delivery was 1.75 ± 1.00, and single RF delivery was adequate in 16/36 (44.4%) patients. Continuous potentials were present at the EAA in 9/34 (26.5%) patients.ConclusionECs were confirmed and ablated successfully in 5.86% (35/597) AF patients using HDM. PV insertions of ECs were mainly located at the carina region. Continuous potentials might assist in the prediction of ECs.