bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Integration of Dielectrometry into Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Obtain Characteristic Properties of a Dielectric Thin Film
Authors: Sapotta Benedikt , Schwotzer Matthias , Wöll Christof , Franzreb Matthias 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe demonstrate a novel impedimetric approach providing unprecedented insight into characteristic properties of dielectric thin films covering electrode surfaces. The concept is based on the joint interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) together with dielectrometry (DEM) whose informative value is mutually interconnected. The advantage lies in the synergistic compensation of individual shortcomings adversely affecting conventional impedimetric analysis strategies relying exclusively on either DEM or the traditional EIS approach, which in turn allows a reliable determination of thickness and permittivity values. The versatility of the method proposed is showcased by an in‐situ growth‐monitoring of a nanoporous, crystalline thin film (HKUST‐1) on an interdigitated electrode geometry.
Development of a capillary electrophoresis method for the separation of flavonolignans in silymarin complex
Authors: Riasová Petra , Jenčo Jaroslav , Moreno‐González David , Vander Heyden Yvan , Mangelings Debby , Polášek Miroslav , Jáč Pavel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCE method for the baseline separation of structurally similar flavonolignans silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silychristin, silydianin, and their precursor taxifolin in silymarin complex has been developed and validated. The optimized background electrolyte was 100 mmol/L boric acid (pH 9.0) containing 5 mmol/L heptakis(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl)‐β‐CD and 10% (v/v) of methanol. The separation was carried out in an 80.5/72 cm (50 μm id) fused silica capillary at +25 kV with UV detection at 200 nm. Genistein (10 μg/mL) was used as internal standard. The resolution between the diastereomers of silybin and isosilybin was 1.73 and 2.59, respectively. The method was validated for each analyte in a concentration range of 2.5–50 μg/mL. The calibration curves were rectilinear with correlation coefficients ≥0.9972. The method was applied to determine flavonolignans in two dietary supplements containing Silybum marianum extract. The accuracy was evaluated by comparing the results of the CE analyses of the dietary supplements with those of the reference United States Pharmacopeial HPLC method. The unpaired t‐test did not show a statistically significant difference between the results of both the proposed CE and the reference method (p > 0.05, n = 3).
The MCP‐1 rs1024611 and MTHFR rs1801133 gene variations and expressions in alopecia areata: A pilot study
Authors: Tabatabaei‐Panah Pardis‐Sadat , Moravvej Hamideh , Hajihasani Mahsa , Mousavi Mahsa , Ludwig Ralf J. , Akbarzadeh Reza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMonocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) is highly expressed by lymphocytes at skin sites affected by alopecia areata (AA). Variations in MCP‐1 as well as in methylene‐tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), a key enzyme related to many inflammatory pathologies, have been associated with several autoimmune disorders. This study was designed to test a possible association between MCP‐1 and MTHFR variations and altered expression of their genes and the risk of AA.MethodsBlood samples of patients (60) suffering from AA as well as healthy subjects (60) were collected. Gene expression levels of MCP‐1 and MTHFR were evaluated by real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Moreover, MCP‐1 rs1024611 (A‐2518G) and MTHFR rs1801133 (C677T) polymorphisms were genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism assays.ResultsIn contrast to MCP‐1, the MTHFR gene expression was found to be significantly higher in patients than in controls. Further stratification of the patients revealed that polymorphic genotypes in MCP‐1 (AG + GG) and MTHFR (CT + TT) could significantly alter gene expression levels. Elevation of MCP‐1 expression was significantly associated with the total number of variant MCP‐1 and MTHFR alleles. However, no statistically significant difference was noticed in the genotypic distribution of MCP‐1 and MTHFR variations between patients and controls.ConclusionIn summary, despite MCP‐1 rs1024611 and MTHFR rs1801133 variations are not associated with AA risk, they may implicate the disease pathogenesis by influencing MCP‐1 activity.
Comparison of East‐Asia and West‐Europe cohorts explains disparities in survival outcomes and highlights predictive biomarkers of early gastric cancer aggressiveness
Authors: Pereira Carla , Park Ji‐Hyeon , Campelos Sofia , Gullo Irene , Lemos Carolina , Solorzano Leslie , Martins Diana , Gonçalves Gilza , Leitão Dina , Lee Hyuk‐Joon , Kong Seong‐Ho , André Ana , Borges Clara , Almeida Daniela , Wälbhy Carolina , Almeida Raquel , Kim Woo Ho , Carneiro Fátima , Yang Han‐Kwang , Almeida Gabriela M. , Oliveira Carla 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSurgical resection with lymphadenectomy and perioperative chemotherapy is the universal mainstay for curative treatment of gastric cancer (GC) patients with locoregional disease. However, GC survival remains asymmetric in West‐ and East‐world regions. We hypothesize that this asymmetry derives from differential clinical management. Therefore, we collected chemo‐naïve GC patients from Portugal and South Korea to explore specific immunophenotypic profiles related to disease aggressiveness and clinicopathological factors potentially explaining associated overall survival (OS) differences. Clinicopathological and survival data were collected from chemo‐naïve surgical cohorts from Portugal (West‐Europe cohort [WE‐C]; n = 170) and South Korea (East‐Asia cohort [EA‐C]; n = 367) and correlated with immunohistochemical expression profiles of E‐cadherin and CD44v6 obtained from consecutive tissue microarrays sections. Survival analysis revealed a subset of 12.4% of WE‐C patients, whose tumors concomitantly express E‐cadherin_abnormal and CD44v6_very high, displaying extremely poor OS, even at TNM stages I and II. These WE‐C stage‐I and ‐II patients tumors were particularly aggressive compared to all others, invading deeper into the gastric wall (P = .032) and more often permeating the vasculature (P = .018) and nerves (P = .009). A similar immunophenotypic profile was found in 11.9% of EA‐C patients, but unrelated to survival. Tumours, from stage‐I and ‐II EA‐C patients, that display both biomarkers, also permeated more lymphatic vessels (P = .003), promoting lymph node (LN) metastasis (P = .019), being diagnosed on average 8 years earlier and submitted to more extensive LN dissection than WE‐C. Concomitant E‐cadherin_abnormal/CD44v6_very‐high expression predicts aggressiveness and poor survival of stage‐I and ‐II GC submitted to conservative lymphadenectomy.
Why do we hunger for touch? The impact of daily gentle touch stimulation on maternal‐infant physiological and behavioral regulation and resilience
Authors: Van Puyvelde Martine , Staring Louise , Schaffers Jana , Rivas‐Smits Cristina , Groenendijk Leysa , Smeyers Laura , Collette Laetitia , Schoofs Anneke , Van den Bossche Nora , McGlone Francis 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report the impact of a Gentle Touch Stimulation (GTS) program. Forty‐three mothers provided daily 10‐min GTS with C‐tactile (CT) afferent optimal stroking touch, for 4 weeks to their 3–12 weeks old infants. CT‐afferents are cutaneous unmyelinated, low‐threshold mechanosensitive nerves hypothesized to underly the regulatory impact of affective touch. We compared physiological and behavioral responses during a no‐touch‐baseline (BL), static‐touch‐baseline (BL‐T), intervention/control (GTS/CTRL), Still Face (SF) and Reunion (RU) condition for GTS‐infants versus a control‐group (CTRL) at the start (T1) and end of (T2) of the program. We collected mother‐infant ECG, respiration, cortisol, video‐recordings, and diary‐reports. At T1, physiological arousal significantly increased during SF in both groups, that is, decreased respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and R‐R interval (RRI). At T2, GTS‐infants showed significantly increased RSA, RRI, decreased respiration during GTS, buffering SF‐arousal and allowing complete recovery during RU; CTRL‐infants showed higher SF‐arousal and small recovery, under initial BL‐levels. Maternal cardio‐respiratory showed a metabolic investment during RU. Cortisol and behavioral analyses showed higher arousal in CTRL‐infants than GTS‐infants at T2. We suggest that the combination of phasic short‐term and tonic long‐term responses to CT‐optimal stroking touch, delivered in a structured daily manner, contribute to the building of infant stress regulation and resilience.
Temporal and Quantitative Transcriptomic Differences Define Sexual Dimorphism in Murine Postnatal Bone Aging
Authors: Lu Darlene , Demissie Serkalem , Horowitz Nina B , Gower Adam C , Lenburg Marc E , Alekseyev Yuriy O , Hussein Amira I , Bragdon Beth , Liu Yu , Daukss Dana , Page Jack M , Webster Micheal Z , Schlezinger Jennifer J , Morgan Elise F , Gerstenfeld Louis C 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTTime is a central element of the sexual dimorphic patterns of development, pathology, and aging of the skeleton. Because the transcriptome is a representation of the phenome, we hypothesized that both sex and sex‐specific temporal, transcriptomic differences in bone tissues over an 18‐month period would be informative to the underlying molecular processes that lead to postnatal sexual dimorphism. Regardless of age, sex‐associated changes of the whole bone transcriptomes were primarily associated not only with bone but also vascular and connective tissue ontologies. A pattern‐based approach used to screen the entire Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database against those that were sex‐specific in bone identified two coordinately regulated gene sets: one related to high phosphate–induced aortic calcification and one induced by mechanical stimulation in bone. Temporal clustering of the transcriptome identified two skeletal tissue‐associated, sex‐specific patterns of gene expression. One set of genes, associated with skeletal patterning and morphology, showed peak expression earlier in females. The second set of genes, associated with coupled remodeling, had quantitatively higher expression in females and exhibited a broad peak between 3 to 12 months, concurrent with the animals' reproductive period. Results of phenome‐level structural assessments of the tibia and vertebrae, and in vivo and in vitro analysis of cells having osteogenic potential, were consistent with the existence of functionally unique, skeletogenic cell populations that are separately responsible for appositional growth and intramedullary functions. These data suggest that skeletal sexual dimorphism arises through sex‐specific, temporally different processes controlling morphometric growth and later coupled remodeling of the skeleton during the reproductive period of the animal. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Reduced graphene oxide/titanium carbide MXene nanocomposite‐modified electrode for electrochemical hemoglobin biosensor
Authors: Sun Yunxiu , Wang Baoli , Deng Ying , Cheng Hui , Li Xiaoqing , Yan Lijun , Li Guangjiu , Sun Wei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) nanocomposite was prepared by the self‐assembly method and used for electrode modification. The rGO‐Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite was examined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Then, an electrochemical hemoglobin (Hb) biosensor was prepared on the nanocomposite‐modified electrode and used for the determination of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Direct electrochemistry of Hb on the modified electrode was examined with the calculations of the electron transfer number, electron transfer coefficient, and the reaction rate constant. The presence of the rGO‐Ti3C2Tx nanocomposite on the electrode can improve the effective surface area and biocompatibility of the electrode interface, obtaining a higher electron transfer rate. Furthermore, this electrochemical Hb biosensor exhibited excellent stability, reproducibility, and repeatability in TCA and H2O2 analyses.
Dysregulated ferroptosis‐related genes indicate potential clinical benefits for anti–PD‐1/PD‐L1 immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Min , Zhang Xiuxiu , Li Tianyang , Chen Yan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundFerroptosis is an iron‐dependent programmed cell death mechanism that influences the development of malignancy. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of lung cancer with no known cure. Anti–PD‐1/PD‐L immunotherapy is effective for patients with partial LUAD. Therefore, there is an immediate requirement of novel markers to predict the individualised benefits of immunotherapy.MethodsWe manually collected the ferroptosis‐related gene (FERG) set and employed the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test to identify the differentially expressed FERGs. Subsequently, we constructed a recursive partitioning and regression tree (RPART) model to predict the benefits of anti–PD‐1/PD‐L1 immunotherapy. Subsequently, the ROC curve and AUC were used to evaluate the model efficiency in an independent dataset.ResultsIn this study, we found that the dysregulated FERGs were closely associated with multiple metabolic processes in LUAD. Furthermore, we identified three ferroptosis‐related tumour subtypes (F1, F3 and F3). The F3 subtype exhibited higher immunoactivity and lower tumour purity, mutation count and aneuploidy and had better survival outcomes compared with the other two subtypes, implying that FERGs played an important role in intertumoral immune heterogeneity. We further explored the role of FERGs in the anti–PD‐1/PD‐L1 immunotherapy. We identified a set of three‐FERGs signature (CD44, G6PD and ZEB1) that acted as a promising indicator (AUC = 0.697) for the prediction of the benefits of anti–PD‐1/PD‐L1 immunotherapy.ConclusionFerroptosis, as emerging programmed cell death mechanism, was associated with cancer development. We used ferroptosis‐related genes to predict the immunotherapy benefits that may facilitate the development of individualised anti‐cancer treatment strategies.
Silencing of circARHGAP12 inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis via miR‐630/EZH2/TIMP2 signal axis
Authors: Miao Renying , Qi Chaoran , Fu Yiqun , Wang Yanjun , Lang Yuchang , Liu Wanli , Zhang Yifei , Zhang Zhimin , Liu Ankang , Chai Hao , Zhang Yonggan , Song Yan , Lu Xiubo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAtherosclerosis (AS) is a common disease that seriously threatens human health. So far, the pathogenesis of AS has not been fully understood. This project investigates the effects of circARHGAP12 on AS and its regulatory mechanism. ApoE−/− knockout mice (ApoE) were adopted and reared with a high‐fat diet to construct an AS model. Lentivirus was established to knock down the expression of circARHGAP12 in mice. After 12 weeks, the aorta was removed and the expression of circARHGAP12 was detected. Vascular oil red O staining was used to detect the degree of AS. The expression of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA. Aortic smooth muscle cells (MASMCs) were cultured to evaluate the effects of circARHGAP12 on the phenotype of MASMCs. RNA pull‐down and luciferase assay were used to verify the downstream target genes of circARHGAP12. In addition, the effects of circARHGAP12 on MASMCs proliferation and migration were detected by MTT and transwell assay. Compared with the normal group, the expression of circARHGAP12 in the MASMCs under ox‐LDL treatment was elevated, and circARHGAP12 silencing could inhibit AS in vitro and in vivo. The results of the mechanism study showed that circARHGAP12 can directly bind with miR‐630. In addition, miR‐630 can also target EZH2 to modulate the transcription of TIMP2 and to influence the migration of MASMCs. circARHGAP12 is upregulated in AS. CircARHGAP12 knockdown can inhibit the progression of AS. This study expands on the role of circRNA in AS and provides potential targets for the treatment of AS.
Sex‐specific biomechanics and morphology of the anterior cruciate ligament during skeletal growth in a porcine model
Authors: Howe Danielle , Cone Stephanie G. , Piedrahita Jorge A. , Collins Bruce , Fordham Lynn A. , Griffith Emily H. , Spang Jeffrey T. , Fisher Matthew B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are on the rise, and females experience higher ACL injury risk than males during adolescence. Studies in skeletally immature patients indicate differences in ACL size and joint laxity between males and females after the onset of adolescence. However, functional data regarding the ACL and its anteromedial and posterolateral bundles in the pediatric population remain rare. Therefore, this study uses a porcine model to investigate the sex‐specific morphology and biomechanics of the ACL and its bundles throughout skeletal growth. Hind limbs from male and female Yorkshire pigs aged early youth to late adolescence were imaged using magnetic resonance imaging to measure the size and orientation of the ACL and its bundles, then biomechanically tested under anterior‐posterior drawer using a robotic testing system. Joint laxity decreased (p < 0.001) while joint stiffness increased (p < 0.001) throughout skeletal growth in both sexes. The ACL was the primary stabilizer against anterior tibial loading, while the functional role of the anteromedial bundle increased with age (p < 0.001), with an earlier increase in males. ACL and posterolateral bundle cross‐sectional area and ACL and anteromedial bundle length were larger in males than females during adolescence (p < 0.01 for all), while ACL and bundle sagittal angle remained similar between sexes. Additionally, in situ ACL stiffness versus cross‐sectional area regressions were significant across skeletal growth (r2 = 0.75, p < 0.001 in males and r2 = 0.64, p < 0.001 in females), but not within age groups. This study has implications for age and sex‐specific surgical intervention strategies and suggests the need for human studies.
Determination of multiple antibiotics in agricultural soil using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method coupled with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Yue , Li Yang , Liu Xiaoxia , Sun Ying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, we combined ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry to establish a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method of detecting 21 target antibiotics in agricultural soil samples. Antibiotics were extracted with mixed solvents consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate and phosphoric acid citric acid buffer and acetonitrile which were purified with octadecylsilyl as an adsorbent and anhydrous sodium sulfate as a desiccant. This method was able to effectively extract all of the target antibiotics from agricultural soils, with recovery efficiencies ranging from 55 to 108% and limits of detection between 0.09–0.68 μg/kg. We also validated this new method for selectivity, sensitivity, and reliability of detecting multiple antibiotics in 12 samples. Considering the potential environmental and public health effects of antibiotics in agricultural soils, our new method can help analyze the degree of antibiotic contamination and provide valuable information for soil quality and risk assessment.
Resolving the paradox of posttraumatic growth and event centrality in trauma survivors
Authors: Steinberg Margot H. , Bellet Benjamin W. , McNally Richard J. , Boals Adriel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhen a traumatic experience is central to an individual's identity and worldview, it can result in either severe posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, perceived posttraumatic growth (PTG), or, paradoxically, both. To resolve this apparent paradox, we used network analytic methods to estimate the relations among components of event centrality (EC), PTSD symptoms, and PTG in 1,136 undergraduates who had experienced trauma. Participants completed surveys on their experiences with traumatic events as well as the degree to which they experienced PTSD symptoms, components of EC, and components of PTG. We performed network analysis to examine EC, PTSD, and PTG and identify which components of EC were most conducive to its associations with PTSD versus those with PTG. We found that the components of EC most associated with PTSD, the extent to which trauma serves as a script for the future, were markedly distinct from the components associated with PTG, the extent to which trauma is seen as a turning point in one's life. The combined findings suggest that EC may be a catalyst for subsequent positive or negative effects contingent upon how an individual interprets the centrality of their traumatic experience.
Durable and Flexible PET‐Based Bending Sensor Obtained by Immobilizing Carbon Nanotubes via Surface Micro‐Dissolution for Body Motion Monitoring
Authors: Wu Ziqin , Yang Fa , Yang Jinlong , Yang Pu , Zhang Xiaolei , Zhang Tonghua , Lu Ming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTextile‐based conductive materials that can retain their electrical conductivity during bending have been extensively investigated and applied in flexible electronics and wearable sensors; however, the fastness of the conductive components in textiles requires improvements. Herein, a facile and effective surface micro‐dissolution method is developed to prepare carbon nanotubes (CNTs)‐coated PET fabric by embedding CNTs onto the surface of PET fabric. The micro‐dissolved layer of the macromolecule served as a physical adhesion agent to firmly immobilize the CNTs on the PET fabric. The CNTs‐coated PET fabric exhibited an electrical conductivity of 98.1 Ω □−1, durability during washing (over 30 cycles) and abrasion cycles (over 500 cycles), and remained conductive in harsh environments (high temperature, high humidity, water, corrosive liquids, organic solvents). The sensor (CCPFS) assembled by the CNTs‐coated PET fabric is flexible (over 500 bending cycles), highly sensitive (1.48 deg−1), responsive (100 ms), and showed a relaxation time of 200 ms. The CCPFS is used to monitor movements in human fingers, wrist, elbow, knee, expiration, breathing, and wrist pulses. This research provides a route to manufacture flexible sensors for next‐generation intelligent wearable devices.
Electrospinning Ethanol–Water Solutions of Poly(Acrylic Acid): Nonlinear Viscosity Variations and Dynamic Taylor Cone Behavior
Authors: Vats Shameek , Honaker Lawrence W. , Frey Margaret W. , Basoli Francesco , Lagerwall Jan P.F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElectrospinning of polymer solutions is a multifaceted process that depends on the careful balancing of many parameters to achieve a desired outcome, in many cases including mixtures of multiple solvents. A systematic study of how the solution viscosity —a good probe of solvent–polymer interactions—and the electrospinnability change when poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is dissolved in ethanol–water mixtures at varying mixing ratio is carried out. A pronounced maximum is found in at a water‐to‐ethanol molar ratio of about 2:1, where the solvent mixture deviates maximally from ideal mixing behavior and partial deprotonation of carboxyl groups by water coincides synergistically with dissolution of the uncharged protonated PAA fraction by ethanol. The PAA concentration is tuned as a function of water–ethanol ratio to obtain a common value of for all solvent mixtures that is suitable for electrospinning. For high PAA content, the Taylor cone grows in volume over time despite minimum solution flow rate, even experiencing surface gelation for ethanol‐rich solutions. This is attributed to the hygroscopic nature of PAA, drawing excess water into the Taylor cone from the air during spinning.