bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical application value of Inhibin B alone or in combination with other hormone indicators in subfertile men with different spermatogenesis status: A study of 324 Chinese men
Authors: Kong Xiangbin , Ye Zhen , Chen Yaoping , Zhao Huan , Tu Jian , Meng Tianqing , Xiong Chengliang , Li Honggang , Gong Yijun , Zheng Liang , Cheng Bangning , Zhang Zhijun , Xu Peng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we investigated the clinical value of serum Inhibin B alone or in combination with other hormone indicators in subfertile men.MethodsThis is a multicenter study involving 324 men from different cities in China. Testicular volume, routine semen analysis, serum Inhibin B, anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, estradiol, and prolactin were measured. Testicular tissue samples were also analyzed in 78 of 129 patients with azoospermia to distinguish impaired spermatogenesis from obstructive azoospermia.ResultsThe concentration of Inhibin B, FSH, and AMH is related to spermatogenesis. For men with impaired spermatogenesis, including mild‐to‐moderate oligozoospermia (IMO) and severe oligozoospermia (ISO), serum levels of Inhibin B and FSH are highly correlated with sperm counting. However, in patients with idiopathic moderate oligozoospermia or severe oligozoospermia, there was no significant correlation between Inhibin B (or FSH) and sperm concentration. The upper cutoff value of Inhibin B to diagnose ISO is 58.25 pg/ml with a predictive accuracy of 80.65%. To distinguish between nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and obstructive azoospermia (OA), the area under the curve (AUC) for AMH + Inhibin B + FSH is very similar to Inhibin B (0.943 vs. 0.941). The cutoff level of Inhibin B to diagnose nonobstructive azoospermia is 45.9 pg/ml with a positive and negative prediction accuracy of 97.70% and 85.71%, respectively.ConclusionIn summary, Inhibin B is a promising biomarker alone or in combination with other hormone indicators for the diagnosis of testicular spermatogenesis status, helping clinical doctors to distinguish NOA from OA.
Novel mortality‐predicting index at diagnosis can effectively predict all‐cause mortality in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis
Authors: Do Hyunsue , Song Jason Jungsik , Park Yong‐Beom , Lee Sang‐Won 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated whether the inflammation prognostic index (IPI) and the mortality predicting index (MPI) at diagnosis could predict all‐cause mortality in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsWe included 223 AAV patients and reviewed their medical records. Clinical and laboratory data and AAV‐specific indices at diagnosis were assessed. The IPI was calculated as neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) × C‐reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR). Here, we newly developed an MPI (NLR × CAR × monocyte counts).ResultsThe mean age of 223 patients (122 MPA, 57 GPA and 44 EGPA patients) was 59 years. The rate of mortality was 11.2%. Using the receiver operator characteristic curve for all‐cause mortality, the cut‐offs were calculated as NLR: 3.22, CAR: 3.25, IPI: 18.53 and MPI: 8367.82. In the univariable Cox hazard analysis, age, gender, smoking history, BVAS, FFS and over the cut‐off of each index showed statistical significance. As the indices share at least two mutual variables, the multivariable analysis was conducted four times based on each index. An IPI ≥18.53 (HR 3.162) and MPI ≥8367.82 (HR 3.356) were significantly associated with all‐cause mortality.ConclusionsThis study developed a novel indicator, MPI, that uses the existing NLR and CAR indices and proved that it could predict all‐cause mortality in AAV patients.
Cisatracurium Continuous Infusion Versus No Neuromuscular Blockade for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome on Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Kressin Christian , Thompson Bastin Melissa , Ather Ayesha , Gopinath Anil , Srour Habib , Schadler Aric , Pandya Komal 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe benefit of continuous infusion neuromuscular blockade concurrently with venovenous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome who are receiving mechanical ventilation remains unclear. Adult patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring VV ECMO were analyzed in 2 groups: continuous infusion neuromuscular blockade with cisatracurium vs no neuromuscular blockade. Similar mechanical ventilation strategies were used. The primary end point was duration of VV ECMO. This single‐center, retrospective observational cohort included a total of 47 patients, 28 of whom received continuous infusion cisatracurium and 19 patients who did not receive neuromuscular blockade. There was no difference in the duration of VV ECMO in patients who received cisatracurium, 226.5 hours (interquartile range, 119‐362.3) vs 187.0 hours (interquartile range, 108‐374) in the group who did not receive a paralytic (P = .64). There were no differences in secondary outcomes of days in the hospital, days free of organ dysfunction, ECMO survival, or discharged alive. Among patients with severe ARDS who were managed with VV ECMO, patients who received continuous infusion cisatracurium had no difference in the duration of VV ECMO compared to the nonparalytic comparator group.
Two‐step pyrolysis preparation of co‐doped porous g‐C3N4 with Co–N coordination bond for dye efficient degradation driven by visible light
Authors: Li Jinsong , Sun Xuzhuo , Li Bo , Shi Yahui , Liu Yongde , Wan Dongjin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this study, porous g‐C3N4 (PCN) doped with different masses of cobalt (1%, 3%, 5%, 10%) (Co‐PCN) were obtained by a simple two‐step calcination method. Herein, choosing Rhodamine B (RB) as target pollutant, RB degradation efficiency of Co‐PCN (5%) driven by visible light was as high as 98.1%, which is 1.28 and 2.18 times that of PCN and g‐C3N4, respectively.RESULTSCharacterization results confirmed that Co‐PCN showed abundant pore structures and was doped with cobalt by Co–N coordination bond without destroying its crystal structure. In addition, the band gap of Co‐PCN was adjusted from 2.44 eV (g‐C3N4) to 2.28 eV, and its photocurrent intensity was 1.5 times that of g‐C3N4. The capture experiments showed that • O2− and h+ are the main active species in the reaction.CONCLUSIONCombined with analysis of the semiconductor energy band theory, the excellent photocatalytic performance of Co‐PCN is attributable to the synergistic effect of its stronger visible light absorption ability obtained by adjusting band gap energy and the host‐guest interaction between cobalt and g‐C3N4. In addition, Co‐PCN possessed the satisfactory stability and photocatalytic degradation ability in actual water matrix, which is expected to provide a new strategy for actual wastewater treatment. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Occupational percutaneous injuries and exposures in a dental teaching environment: A 10‐year report
Authors: Dukka Himabindu , Byrd Patricia , Qian Chen , Baughman Gay , Butt Sharjeel , Rai Shesh N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposePercutaneous injuries (PIs) are woefully underreported and the risk at dental academic institutions is higher due to lack of knowledge and experience of students. The aims of this study are to (1) present data on the prevalence of PIs and exposures over a 10‐year period in a dental teaching institution; (2) provide information on areas with increased risk as it relates to personnel and instruments; and (3) improve the awareness of the risk of occupational PIs and exposures in dentistry.MethodsData presented were collected as a part of an infection control program. A description of the incident reporting and collecting methodology is provided. Distribution tables and confidence intervals for injuries by year were calculated. Overall associations were produced using either Fisher's exact or Chi‐square test.ResultsBetween 2009 and 2019, a total of 342 PIs (338) and mucosal exposures (4) were reported. A significant number of injuries occurred while reaching for an instrument (15.2%), injecting local anesthetic (13.2%), and cleaning an instrument (11.7%). About 31% of the injuries were caused by needlesticks followed by burs (22.8%). There was a statistically significant association between work practice controls and activity type (p < 0.001) and position (p = 0.01). PIs and compliance issues were higher among the third‐year dental students.ConclusionsThere was a declining trend in incidents over the years, which could be attributed to the extra‐protective measures that were implemented. Uncovered dental burs and needlesticks continue to be the predominant cause of PIs in academia. We found that collection of data on such occupation‐related injuries to be useful in observing any trends and implementation of corrective actions.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and density functional theory study of a new compound 4‐(2‐chlorobenzyl)‐1‐(5‐fluoro‐2‐hydroxy‐3‐(thiomorpholinomethyl)phenyl [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]quinazolin‐5(4H)‐one
Authors: Hu Weiyin , Liao Tianhui , Deng Liyuan , Sun Hong , Zhou Zhixu , Chai Huifang , Zhao Chunshen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a novel SHP244 derivative 4‐(2‐chlorobenzyl)‐1‐ (5‐fluoro‐2‐hydroxy‐3‐ [thiomorph‐olinomethyl] phenyl)‐ [1,2,4]triazolo [4,3‐a] quinazolin‐5(4H)‐one was synthesized through five steps. The single crystals were grown in a suitable solvent system (dichloromethane and methanol). Its structure was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, ESI‐MS, m/z: 534.12[M‐H] (MS), FT‐IR, and X‐ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure of the title compound was optimized by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The crystal structure after X‐ray single crystal diffraction was compared with the structure optimized by DFT calculation, and the result shows that the two structures are consistent. In order to explore certain physical and chemical properties, the frontier molecular orbital and molecular electrostatic potential of the title compound were analyzed. In addition, the docking of the title compound to the target protein was studied to understand the docking effect of the compound with the target protein.
Registered report: Does transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary motor cortex improve implicit motor sequence learning in Parkinson's disease?
Authors: Firouzi Mahyar , Baetens Kris , Swinnen Eva , Baeken Chris , Van Overwalle Frank , Deroost Natacha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImplicit motor sequence learning (IMSL) is a cognitive function that is known to be directly associated with impaired motor function in Parkinson's disease (PD). Research on healthy young participants shows the potential for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, over the primary motor cortex (M1) to enhance IMSL. tDCS has direct effects on the underlying cortex, but also induces distant (basal ganglia) network effects—hence its potential value in PD, a prime model of basal ganglia dysfunction. To date, only null effects have been reported in persons with PD. However, these studies did not determine the reacquisition effects, although previous studies in healthy young adults suggest that tDCS specifically exerts its beneficial effects on IMSL on reacquisition rather than acquisition. In the current study, we will therefore establish possible reacquisition effects, which are of a particular interest, as long‐term effects are vital for the successful functional rehabilitation of persons with PD. Using a sham‐controlled, counterbalanced design, we will investigate the potential of tDCS delivered over M1 to enhance IMSL, as measured by the serial reaction time task, in persons with PD and a neurologically healthy age‐ and sex‐matched control (HC) group. Multilevel Mixed Models will be implemented to analyze the sequence‐specific aspect of IMSL (primary outcome) and general learning (secondary outcome). We will determine not only the immediate effects that may occur concurrently with the application of tDCS but also the short‐term (5 min post‐tDCS) and long‐term (1 week post‐tDCS) reacquisition effects.
Impact of community participation on sustainable development of marine protected areas: Assessment of ecotourism development
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Khalilur , Masud Muhammad Mehedi , Akhtar Rulia , Hossain Mohammad Mainul 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the role of community participation and its impact on economic, environmental, and social sustainability in marine protected areas (MPAs) in Malaysia through the development of ecotourism. A structured questionnaire was employed for collecting data and analyzed using the partial least square method. The results indicate that community participation explains a significant amount of variance in ecotourism development. The findings reveal that ecotourism development contributes toward economic, social, and environmental sustainability directly and indirectly. This implies that ecotourism development and community participation are of paramount importance in achieving sustainable development in MPAs.
GEOMScope: Large Field‐of‐View 3D Lensless Microscopy with Low Computational Complexity
Authors: Tian Feng , Hu Junjie , Yang Weijian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImaging systems with miniaturized device footprint, real‐time processing speed, and high‐resolution 3D visualization are critical to broad biomedical applications such as endoscopy. Most of existing imaging systems rely on bulky lenses and mechanically refocusing to perform 3D imaging. Here, GEOMScope, a lensless single‐shot 3D microscope that forms image through a single layer of thin microlens array and reconstructs objects through an innovative algorithm combining geometrical‐optics‐based pixel back projection and background suppressions, is demonstrated. The effectiveness of GEOMScope is verified on resolution target, fluorescent particles, and volumetric objects. Comparing to other widefield lensless imaging devices, the required computational resource is significantly reduced, and the reconstruction speed is increased by orders of magnitude. This enables to image and recover large volume 3D object in high resolution with near real‐time processing speed. Such a low computational complexity is attributed to the joint design of imaging optics and reconstruction algorithms, and a joint application of geometrical optics and machine learning in the 3D reconstruction. More broadly, the excellent performance of GEOMScope in imaging resolution, volume, and reconstruction speed implicates that geometrical optics can greatly benefit and play an important role in computational imaging.
Phylogeography, Population Structure, and Historical Demography of Black Drum in North America
Authors: Williford Damon , Anderson Joel , Karel William , Olsen Zachary 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Black Drum Pogonias cromis is an abundant estuarine-dependent fish that supports recreational and commercial fisheries. We examined the phylogeography and historical demography of the Black Drum along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the United States using mitochondrial DNA sequences and nuclear DNA microsatellites. Black Drum exhibited high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity across its range. We observed 249 haplotypes that resolved into two haplogroups: haplogroup 1 was most abundant along the Texas coast, and haplogroup 2 was more abundant in the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Analysis of molecular variance, pairwise estimates of genetic differentiation, assessment of isolation by distance, Bayesian clustering, and multivariate ordination indicated that most population structure within Black Drum was associated with a western Gulf of Mexico versus Atlantic–eastern Gulf of Mexico split. However, analysis of molecular variance, haplotype diversity, and measures of genetic differentiation provided evidence of weak population structure on the Texas coast, perhaps due to a of combination of isolation by distance and limited emigration into and dispersal from the upper and lower Laguna Madre on the lower coast. Mismatch distributions, neutrality tests, and Bayesian skyline plots suggest that haplogroup 1 underwent rapid demographic and range expansion approximately 15,000 years ago, whereas the demographic and range expansion of haplogroup 2 was more gradual and began earlier (circa 25,000–30,000 years ago). Our results suggest that Black Drum may benefit from being managed as two stocks: (1) western Gulf of Mexico and (2) Atlantic Ocean plus eastern Gulf of Mexico. Additionally, weak but significant genetic divergence in the Laguna Madre coincides with known life history divergence in this region. Caution should be used regarding the management of Black Drum in Texas as a single demographic unit.
Induced assembly of polystyrene composites for simultaneously improving flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding properties
Authors: Gao Caiqin , Shi Yongqian , Zhu Shicheng , Fu Libi , Feng Yuezhan , Lv Yuancai , Yang Fuqiang , Liu Minghua , Shui Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPolystyrene/silicon wrapped ammonium polyphosphate/reduced graphene oxide (PS/SiAPP/rGO) composites with satisfactory flame retardant and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties were prepared by the approaches of filtration induced assembly and hot‐pressing. The results indicated that the SiAPP and rGO exhibited good dispersivity in the PS matrix. The introduction of the SiAPP and rGO promoted the thermal and fire‐safe performances of PS composites. Moreover, the peak of heat release rate and total heat release of the PS containing 10 wt% SiAPP and 10 wt% rGO were reduced by 47.2% and 30.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, the EMI shielding performance could reach 10 dB. It was proposed that that the SiAPP and rGO promoted the formation of more continuous and compact char residues besides the capture of free radicals, that is, •H and •OH which improved the flame retardant performance of PS. In addition, the multiple reflect and adsorption contributed to enhanced EMI shielding property. Therefore, the assembled PS/SiAPP/rGO system will offer a new approach to broaden the application of PS.
Poly(aryl ether sulfone sulfide)/flower‐like ZnO nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization and application as water treatment membrane
Authors: Nahvi Rahil , Babanzadeh Samal , Mehdipour‐Ataei Shahram 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this research, poly(aryl ether sulfone sulfide) was synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of 4,4′‐thiodiphenol with 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenyl sulfone in the presence of potassium carbonate. Also, flower‐like zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized through sol–gel route and then added in various percentages to poly(aryl ether sulfone sulfide) matrix to modify its hydrophobic nature. The chemical structure of the polymer was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. For investigation of thermal properties of the samples, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis were applied. Hydrophilicity of the membranes was also studied via contact angle measurement. Morphology of membranes and distribution of flower‐like zinc oxide nanoparticles that were followed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed asymmetric structure with porous sub‐layer and dense skin layer. Pure water flux, salt rejection, and flux recovery ratio also were investigated using cross‐flow filtration system with NaCl as a feed solution. Effect of zinc oxide on polysulfone matrix was studied. The results showed that presence of ZnO modified the mechanical and thermal properties of samples. Maximum pure water flux (61 L m−2 h−1), salt rejection (63.6%), and flux recovery ratio (77.6%)were related to the sample with 3 wt% zinc oxide.
Use of intravenous iron and risk of anaphylaxis: A multinational observational post‐authorisation safety study in Europe
Authors: Fortuny Joan , von Gersdorff Gero , Lassalle Régis , Linder Marie , Overbeek Jetty , Reinold Jonas , Toft Gunnar , Timmer Antje , Dress Jochen , Blin Patrick , Droz‐Perroteau Cécile , Ehrenstein Vera , Franzoni Carla , Herings Ron , Kollhorst Bianca , Moore Nicholas , Odsbu Ingvild , Perez‐Gutthann Susana , Schink Tania , Rascher Katherine , Rasouliyan Lawrence , Rothman Kenneth J. , Saigi‐Morgui Nuria , Schaller Mathias , Smits Elisabeth , Forstner Michael ,   Intravenous Iron Consortium, Bénichou Jacques , Bircher Andreas J. , Garbe Edeltraut , Rampton David S. , Gutierrez Lia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeThis post‐authorisation safety study estimated the risk of anaphylaxis in patients receiving intravenous (IV) iron in Europe, with interest in iron dextran and iron non‐dextrans. Studies conducted in the United States have reported risk of anaphylaxis to IV iron ranging from 2.0 to 6.8 per 10 000 first treatments.MethodsCohort study of IV iron new users, captured mostly through pharmacy ambulatory dispensing, from populations covered by health and administrative data sources in five European countries from 1999 to 2017. Anaphylaxis events were identified through an algorithm that used parenteral penicillin as a positive control.ResultsA total of 304 210 patients with a first IV iron treatment (6367 iron dextran), among whom 13–16 anaphylaxis cases were identified and reported as a range to comply with data protection regulations. The pooled unadjusted incidence proportion (IP) ranged from 0.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2–0.9) to 0.5 (95% CI, 0.3–1.0) per 10 000 first treatments. No events were identified at first dextran treatments. There were 231 294 first penicillin treatments with 30 potential cases of anaphylaxis (IP = 1.2; 95% CI, 0.8–1.7 per 10 000 treatments).ConclusionWe found an IP of anaphylaxis from 0.4 to 0.5 per 10 000 first IV iron treatments. The study captured only a fraction of IV iron treatments administered in hospitals, where most first treatments are likely to happen. Due to this limitation, the study could not exclude a differential risk of anaphylaxis between iron dextran and iron non‐dextrans. The IP of anaphylaxis in users of penicillin was consistent with incidences reported in the literature.