bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patch utilization and flower visitations by wild bees in a honey bee‐dominated, grassland landscape
Authors: Otto Clint R. V. , Bailey Larissa L. , Smart Autumn H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUnderstanding habitat needs and patch utilization of wild and managed bees has been identified as a national research priority in the United States. We used occupancy models to investigate patterns of bee use across 1030 transects spanning a gradient of floral resource abundance and richness and distance from apiaries in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the United States. Estimates of transect use by honey bees were nearly 1.0 during our 3.5‐month sampling period, suggesting honey bees were nearly ubiquitous across transects. Wild bees more frequently used transects with higher flower richness and more abundant flowers; however, the effect size of the native flower abundance covariate ( = 3.90 ± 0.65 [1SE]) was four times greater than the non‐native flower covariate ( = 0.99 ± 0.17). We found some evidence that wild bee use was lower at transects near commercial apiaries, but the effect size was imprecise ( = 1.4 ± 0.81). Honey bees were more frequently detected during sampling events with more non‐native flowers and higher species richness but showed an uncertain relationship with native flower abundance. Of the 4039 honey bee and flower interactions, 85% occurred on non‐native flowers, while only 43% of the 738 wild bee observations occurred on non‐native flowers. Our study suggests wild bees and honey bees routinely use the same resource patches in the PPR but often visit different flowering plants. The greatest potential for resource overlap between honey bees and wild bees appears to be for non‐native flowers in the PPR. Our results are valuable to natural resource managers tasked with supporting habitat for managed and wild pollinators in agroecosystems.
A Novel Cyclopentadienone and its Ruthenium and Iron Tricarbonyl Complexes
Authors: Nährig Florian , Nunheim Nelly , Salih Kifah S. M. , Chung Jae‐Yeon , Gond Dominik , Sun Yu , Becker Sabine , Thiel Werner R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA simple and efficient protocol allows the oxidation of the cyclopentadiene derivative 5H‐dibenzo[e,h]‐dibenzo[3,4 : 6,7]cyclohept[1,2‐a]azulene (CpCH) provide according ketone CpCO. Comparable to the situation found for CpCH, the bending of the four annulated six‐membered rings defines the C2 symmetric molecular structure of CpCO. The cyclopentadienone CpCO readily reacts with [Ru3(CO)12] and [Fe3(CO)12] to generate tricarbonyl complexes of the type [(η4‐CpCO)M(CO)3]. In contrast to [(η4‐CpCO)Ru(CO)3], the tricarbonyliron(0) complex is sensitive to oxygen and moisture. Refluxing [(η4‐CpCO)Ru(CO)3] in isopropanol makes the hydrido‐bridged complex [((η4‐CpCO)2H)Ru2(CO)4H] accessible, an analogue to Shvo's catalyst. Both ruthenium complexes and their ligand CpCO were characterized spectroscopically and by single crystal x‐ray diffraction. The activity of [(η4‐CpCO)Ru(CO)3] was investigated for a series of transfer hydrogenation reactions.
Comparative Study of Macrocyclic and Acyclic Picolinate Derivatives for Chelation of Copper Cations
Authors: Egorova Bayirta V. , Kalmykova Taisia P. , Zubenko Anastasia D. , Shchukina Anna A. , Karnoukhova Valentina A. , Likhosherstova Daria V. , Priselkova Anna B. , Fedorov Yuri V. , Fedorova Olga A. , Kalmykov Stepan N. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this work we presented a synthesis and investigation of relative acyclic and macrocyclic polyamines with picolinate pendant arms as potential chelators for copper radiopharmaceuticals. It has been shown that linear chelators lacking bisamide moiety are much more basic and form complexes with higher stability constants compared to macrocyclic ones. Both types of ligands possess many donor sites due to picolinate groups enabling formation of polynuclear complexes in the solution and solid state. According to crystal structures metal cations coordinates with studied ligands through the binding with aminogroups and picolinates donor atoms, while terminal aminogroups of acyclic ligands do not take part in the complex formation. Tripicolinate azacrown ligand coordinates cations outside the macrocyclic cavity in non‐equivalent positions. However this out‐cage location as well as a moderate logK value do not induce fast release of cation from this complex in the challenging medium of serum proteins.
Discrepancy Regarding the Dethreading of a Dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 Macrocycle through a Perfluorobutyl End in [2]Pseudorotaxanes
Authors: Gauthier Maxime , Coutrot Frédéric 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHere are reported the synthesis and characterization of four new dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 (DB24C8)‐based ammonium‐containing pseudorotaxanes, for which one of the two encircled axle's extremities consists of a perfluorobutyl moiety. The subsequent dethreading of the DB24C8 over the perfluorobutyl extremity was studied. Although the perfluorobutyl extremity of an ammonium‐containing axle did not allow threading of DB24C8, dethreading of a perfluorobutyl extremity‐containing pseudorotaxane was possible and its rate depended on both the strength of the template‐to‐DB24C8 complex and the nature of the axle. In particular, dethreading process may be assisted by the presence, in the threaded axle, of a poor secondary site of interaction for the DB24C8 and this assistance proved to be higher when this site is close to the DB24C8.
Nanomaterials for electrochemical detection of pollutants in water: A review
Authors: Potes‐Lesoinne Humberto Andre , Ramirez‐Alvarez Fernando , Perez‐Gonzalez Victor H. , Martinez‐Chapa Sergio O. , Gallo‐Villanueva Roberto Carlos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe survival of living beings, including humanity, depends on a continuous supply of clean water. However, due to the development of industry, agriculture, and population growth, an increasing number of wastewaters is discarded, and the negative effects of such actions are clear. The first step in solving this situation is the collection and monitoring of pollutants in water bodies to subsequently facilitate their treatment. Nonetheless, traditional sensing techniques are typically laboratory‐based, leading to potential diminishment in analysis quality. In this paper, the most recent developments in micro‐ and nano‐electrochemical devices for pollutant detection in wastewater are reviewed. The devices reviewed are based on a variety of electrodes and the sensing of three different categories of pollutants: nutrients and phenolic compounds, heavy metals, and organic matter. From these electrodes, Cu, Co, and Bi showed promise as versatile materials to detect a grand variety of contaminants. Also, the most commonly used material is glassy carbon, present in the detection of all reviewed analytes.
Preservation of shared backup path ink‐node content based elastic optical datacenter networks
Authors: Gupta Rajat , Aggarwal Mona , Ahuja Swaran 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEfficient path selection and content availability in the optical datacenter networks are essential for business continuity. To measure quantitatively the connectivity of content and give protection to diverse type of contents, the idea ofk‐node content connectivity is becoming popular. However, the assignment of dedicated spectrum for each end‐to‐end content path consumes too many resources. In order to enhance the resource efficiency, the spectrum can be shared between end‐to‐content paths of various requests. The spectrum sharing minimizes the backup spectrum requirement and has been a topic of research. In this study, an innovative model, namely, end‐to‐end content connectivity based quasi‐bipartite graphs (E‐QBG) for the possible path prediction and maximum matching by Hungarian path prediction (MM‐HPP) are implemented for the spectrum efficiency and the disaster resilient datacenter networks. The objective is to minimize the entire backup spectrum resource and operations path. The quasi‐bipartite graph is used for the end‐to‐end content backup route evaluation including spectrum sharing on various links, while the Hungarian algorithm is utilized for accurate maximum matching prediction between various end‐to‐end route sets. We introduce the concept of maximum dissortativity path based on the weight factor. The proposed E‐QBG and MM‐HPP reduces spectrum consumption which guarantees survivability against multi‐failure and natural disasters. This method leads to an approach for more effective utilization of the resources for end‐to‐end content connected elastic optical datacenter networks as compared with the existing techniques.
Improvement of Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Intermittent Use of a Fasting‐Mimicking Diet
Authors: Zhao Jingyu , Bai Meijuan , Wei Siying , Li Chenchen , Lv Qi , Chen Yan 
Published: October 2021

ScopeLiver plays a central role in maintaining lipid homeostasis which is dysregulated in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by overload of dietary fat, increase in lipid synthesis, and alteration of fatty acid oxidation in the liver. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether intermittent calorie restriction using a fasting‐mimicking diet (FMD) is able to slow down the progression of NAFLD in mice.Methods and ResultsThis study analyzed the intervention activity of a FMD low in carbohydrate/protein but high in dietary fibers with a NAFLD mouse model induced by high‐fat high‐sucrose diet (HFHSD). Intermittent application of the FMD reduces HFHSD‐induced obesity and glucose intolerance. The FMD decreases the size of adipocytes and elevates expression of lipolysis genes and HSL protein in white adipose tissue. HFHSD‐induced lipid accumulation in the liver is reduced by the FMD, accompanied by a reduction of macrophage marker in the liver. RNA sequencing reveals that the expression of a number of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation is elevated by the FMD.ConclusionThe findings indicate that intermittent application of the FMD can improve NAFLD, at least in part, through increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue and elevated fatty acid oxidation in the liver.
A 31‐channel integrated “AC/DC” B0 shim and radiofrequency receive array coil for improved 7T MRI
Authors: Stockmann Jason P. , Arango Nicolas S. , Witzel Thomas , Mareyam Azma , Sappo Charlotte , Zhou Jiazheng , Jenkins Lucas , Craven‐Brightman Lincoln , Milshteyn Eugene , Davids Mathias , Hoge W. Scott , Sliwiak Monika , Nasr Shahin , Keil Boris , Adalsteinsson Elfar , Guerin Bastien , White Jacob K. , Setsompop Kawin , Polimeni Jonathan R. , Wald Lawrence L. 
Published: October 2021

PurposeTo test an integrated “AC/DC” array approach at 7T, where B0 inhomogeneity poses an obstacle for functional imaging, diffusion‐weighted MRI, MR spectroscopy, and other applications.MethodsA close‐fitting 7T 31‐channel (31‐ch) brain array was constructed and tested using combined Rx and ΔB0 shim channels driven by a set of rapidly switchable current amplifiers. The coil was compared to a shape‐matched 31‐ch reference receive‐only array for RF safety, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and inter‐element noise correlation. We characterize the coil array’s ability to provide global and dynamic (slice‐optimized) shimming using ΔB0 field maps and echo planar imaging (EPI) acquisitions.ResultsThe SNR and average noise correlation were similar to the 31‐ch reference array. Global and slice‐optimized shimming provide 11% and 40% improvements respectively compared to baseline second‐order spherical harmonic shimming. Birdcage transmit coil efficiency was similar for the reference and AC/DC array setups.ConclusionAdding ΔB0 shim capability to a 31‐ch 7T receive array can significantly boost 7T brain B0 homogeneity without sacrificing the array’s rdiofrequency performance, potentially improving ultra‐high field neuroimaging applications that are vulnerable to off‐resonance effects.
Structure and dynamics of electronically excited molecular systems
Authors: Mahapatra Susanta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStructure and dynamics of electronic excited states of molecular systems is of contemporary interest to understand a rich variety of processes ranging from molecular spectroscopy to reaction dynamics. Developments over the past decades have established that coupling of electronic and nuclear motion is a generic feature in polyatomic molecular systems which causes a breakdown of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Such a coupling leads to conical intersections in non‐linear and glancing degeneracy in linear polyatomic systems. While the former case is quite general and has wide variances depending on the nature of the coupling on the symmetry ground, the latter one is specific to the linear systems having axial symmetry. The Jahn–Teller (JT) systems form a subclass in the former category and the latter category constitutes the Renner–Teller (RT) systems. These systems are characterized by high point group symmetry and orbital degeneracy. The latter splits upon distortion along suitable symmetry reducing nuclear displacement. The JT or the RT split component states may undergo symmetry allowed coupling among another JT or RT split component states or with some non‐degenerate states. These are termed as the pseudo‐JT and pseudo‐RT coupling, respectively. We have studied a variety of photo‐induced molecular processes with the aid of ab initio quantum chemistry and first principles quantum dynamics methods. We will document here some of the important developments in the field focusing on the work done on the JT and RT systems primarily in our own laboratory.This article is categorized under:
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry > Spectroscopy
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Types of Uncertainty
Authors: Pelz Peter F. , Pfetsch Marc E. , Kersting Sebastian , Kohler Michael , Matei Alexander , Melz Tobias , Platz Roland , Schaeffner Maximilian , Ulbrich Stefan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe goal of this chapter is to define different types of uncertainty in technical systems and to provide a unified terminology for this book. Indeed, uncertainty comes in different disguises. The first distinction is made with respect to the knowledge on the source of uncertainty: stochastic uncertainty, incertitude or ignorance. Then three main occurrences of uncertainty are discussed: data, model and structural uncertainty.
Our Specific Approach on Mastering Uncertainty
Authors: Pelz Peter F. , Feldmann Robert , Gehb Christopher M. , Groche Peter , Hoppe Florian , Knoll Maximilian , Lenz Jonathan , Melz Tobias , Pfetsch Marc E. , Rexer Manuel , Schaeffner Maximilian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis chapter serves as an introduction to the main topic of this book, namely to master uncertainty in technical systems. First, the difference of our approach to previous ones is highlighted. We then discuss process chains as an important type of technical systems, in which uncertainty propagates along the chain. Five different approaches to master uncertainty in process chains are presented: uncertainty identification, uncertainty propagation, robust optimisation, sensitivity analysis and model adaption. The influence of the process on uncertainty and methods depends on whether it is dynamic/time-varying and/or active. This brings us to the main strategies for mastering uncertainty: robustness, flexibility and resilience. Finally, three different concrete technical systems that are used to demonstrate our methods are presented.
Strategies for Mastering Uncertainty
Authors: Pfetsch Marc E. , Abele Eberhard , Altherr Lena C. , Bölling Christian , Brötz Nicolas , Dietrich Ingo , Gally Tristan , Geßner Felix , Groche Peter , Hoppe Florian , Kirchner Eckhard , Kloberdanz Hermann , Knoll Maximilian , Kolvenbach Philip , Kuttich-Meinlschmidt Anja , Leise Philipp , Lorenz Ulf , Matei Alexander , Molitor Dirk A. , Niessen Pia , Pelz Peter F. , Rexer Manuel , Schmitt Andreas , Schmitt Johann M. , Schulte Fiona , Ulbrich Stefan , Weigold Matthias 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis chapter describes three general strategies to master uncertainty in technical systems: robustness, flexibility and resilience. It builds on the previous chapters about methods to analyse and identify uncertainty and may rely on the availability of technologies for particular systems, such as active components. Robustness aims for the design of technical systems that are insensitive to anticipated uncertainties. Flexibility increases the ability of a system to work under different situations. Resilience extends this characteristic by requiring a given minimal functional performance, even after disturbances or failure of system components, and it may incorporate recovery. The three strategies are described and discussed in turn. Moreover, they are demonstrated on specific technical systems.
The Interoperability Challenge: Building a Model-Driven Digital Thread Platform for CPS
Authors: Margaria Tiziana , Chaudhary Hafiz Ahmad Awais , Guevara Ivan , Ryan Stephen , Schieweck Alexander 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWith the heterogeneity of the industry 4.0 world, and more generally of the Cyberphysical Systems realm, the quest towards a platform approach to solve the interoperability problem is front and centre to any system and system-of-systems project. Traditional approaches cover individual aspects, like data exchange formats and published interfaces. They may adhere to some standard, however they hardly cover the production of the integration layer, which is implemented as bespoke glue code that is hard to produce and even harder to maintain. Therefore, the traditional integration approach often leads to poor code quality, further increasing the time and cost and reducing the agility, and a high reliance on the individual development skills. We are instead tackling the interoperability challenge by building a model driven/low-code Digital Thread platform that 1) systematizes the integration methodology, 2) provides methods and techniques for the individual integrations based on a layered Domain Specific Languages (DSL) approach, 3) through the DSLs it covers the integration space domain by domain, technology by technology, and is thus highly generalizable and reusable, 4) showcases a first collection of examples from the domains of robotics, IoT, data analytics, AI/ML and web applications, 5) brings cohesiveness to the aforementioned heterogeneous platform, and 6) is easier to understand and maintain, even by not specialized programmers. We showcase the power, versatility and the potential of the Digital Thread platform on four interoperability case studies: the generic extension to REST services, to robotics through the UR family of robots, to the integration of various external databases (for data integration) and to the provision of data analytics capabilities in R.
Einleitung
Authors: Richter Gesine , Loh Wulf , Buyx Alena , von Kielmansegg Sebastian Graf 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Sammeln von Beobachtungen und Messwerten und ihre Nutzung für medizinische Forschung mit dem Ziel, Versorgung und Therapie zu verbessern, ist kein neues Phänomen. Medizinische Daten, die sekundär für die Forschung genutzt werden, kommen heute aus immer vielfältigeren Quellen wie Krankenhäusern, Arztpraxen und Versicherungen. Hinzu kommen sogenannte Lifestyle-Daten wie Sport-, Essens- und Schlafgewohnheiten, die durch ihre Verknüpfbarkeit und Verwendbarkeit zu medizinisch relevanten Daten werden. Die Verknüpfung dieser Daten mit solchen aus bestehenden wissenschaftlichen Repositorien wie etwa Biobanken, kann enormen wissenschaftlichen Nutzen gerade für die aktuell verfolgten Ziele der Translation, also der Übertragbarkeit von präklinischer Forschung auf therapeutischen Einsatz, und Personalisierung medizinischer Therapien bedeuten.Die Möglichkeiten der Datengenerierung und -aggregation werden in den kommenden Jahren erheblich zunehmen. Gleichzeitig wachsen die medizinischen Herausforderungen, die verstärkt auf die Analyse immer größerer Datenmengen angewiesen sind. Im Zusammenspiel dieser Tendenzen zeigt sich deutlich die Notwendigkeit, diese Entwicklungen ethisch, juristisch und sozialwissenschaftlich zu begleiten.
Die ethische Aufsicht über die Datenwissenschaft im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: McLennan Stuart 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDer kontinuierliche, integrierte und dynamische Charakter von Aktivitäten, bei denen große Mengen routinemäßig erhobener digitaler Gesundheitsdaten zur Verbesserung der Qualität und Sicherheit der Gesundheitsversorgung verwendet werden, stellt den derzeitigen regulatorischen Rahmen für die ethische Aufsicht vor erhebliche Herausforderungen. Eine scharfe Unterscheidung zwischen klinischer Forschung und klinischer Praxis wird in der Regel durch ethische Aufsichtssysteme getroffen. Folglich kann die ethische Aufsicht über Aktivitäten, die dieselben Gesundheitsdaten verwenden, sehr unterschiedlich sein, wenn sie als “Forschung” oder “Qualitätskontrolle” klassifiziert werden. Diese Aktivitäten können jedoch oft nicht zuverlässig voneinander abgegrenzt werden. Schwierigkeiten bei der Entscheidung, ob eine bestimmte Aktivität als “Forschung” eingestuft werden sollte, können zu Unsicherheit führen, darunter die Bestimmung, welche Aktivitäten einer ethischen Überprüfung durch eine Ethikkommission bedürfen, und wann die Teilnehmer informiert und um ihre informierte Zustimmung gebeten werden sollten. Diese Ungewissheit birgt das Risiko, dass das System der ethischen Aufsicht die Bemühungen zur Verbesserung der Patientenversorgung untergräbt, indem es die Durchführung dieser Projekte übermäßig aufwändig macht. Möglicherweise ist ein neues Modell der ethischen Aufsicht erforderlich, das besser an den kontinuierlichen, integrierten und dynamischen Charakter der Datenwissenschaft im Gesundheitswesen angepasst ist. In einer Zeit zunehmender globaler kooperativer Bemühungen in der Gesundheitsforschung sind auch große Unterschiede bei den Anforderungen an die Einwilligung zur Datenverarbeitung problematisch. Die Aushandlung sektorspezifischer Verhaltenskodizes durch Berufsverbände könnte dazu beitragen, die Datenharmonisierung und -integration zu erleichtern. Die Länder sollten auch Gesundheitsorganisationen und Ermittler unterstützen, damit sie sich vertrauensvoll auf die Forschungsausnahme berufen können, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der globalen Pandemie.
Einleitung: Zur Methodik mit Blick auf die Variationen des Prometheus-Mythos
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDas hier vorgelegte Buch traktiert Franz Kafka als den „Blutsbruder“ des mesmeristisch interessierten Heinrich von Kleist, der der Prager eigener, entschiedener Aussage nach gewesen ist, als auch einen „electrischen Prometheus“.
Frühromantisches im Mittelaltergewand
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungBis hierhin haben wir Strauβ folgen können, vielleicht allzu sehr bezaubert von seiner Sprache, seiner Belesenheit und dem schlechthin Zauberhaften des poetischen Melancholikers. Nun aber erfolgt eine Volte hinein ins Frühromantisch-Mittelalterliche, die möglicherweise denn doch verkennt, dass inzwischen der Elektromagnetismus den legitimen und „gerechtfertigten“ Nachfolger des Mesmerismus abgibt? Es erfolgt in Strauss’ noch „electrischer“ Novellenwelt jedenfalls eine Identifizierung des „Deutschen“ mit dem Hochromantischen nach eher Heidelberger, als noch Jenaer Art.
Eingeschobene Gedanken zum „Bildungsroman“. Zur Genrefrage
Authors: Neumann Bernd 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungStrauβ endete beim Parzival und einer infernalisch inszenierten Rückkehr zur Grossen Mutter. Das verband ihn (für unseren Zusammenhang glücklich weiterführend) mit dem späteren Bildungs- und Entwicklungsroman als einem (insonderheit seit Wilhelm Dilthey) besonderen „deutschen“ Romanformat, hier bereits mehrfach erwähnt. Im allgemeinen literaturgeschichtlichen Bewusstsein gilt (eine Zuschreibung, im Zusammenhang mit Karl Lachmanns Übersetzung und Kommentierung des Nibelungenliedes entstanden) der Parzival als die mittelalterliche Vorstufe des Bildungsromans.