bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence to predict in-hospital mortality using novel anatomical injury score
Authors: Kang Wu Seong , Chung Heewon , Ko Hoon , Kim Nan Yeol , Kim Do Wan , Cho Jayun , Shim Hongjin , Kim Jin Goo , Jang Ji Young , Kim Kyung Won , Lee Jinseok 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study is to develop artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm based on a deep learning model to predict mortality using abbreviate injury score (AIS). The performance of the conventional anatomic injury severity score (ISS) system in predicting in-hospital mortality is still limited. AIS data of 42,933 patients registered in the Korean trauma data bank from four Korean regional trauma centers were enrolled. After excluding patients who were younger than 19 years old and those who died within six hours from arrival, we included 37,762 patients, of which 36,493 (96.6%) survived and 1269 (3.4%) deceased. To enhance the AI model performance, we reduced the AIS codes to 46 input values by organizing them according to the organ location (Region-46). The total AIS and six categories of the anatomic region in the ISS system (Region-6) were used to compare the input features. The AI models were compared with the conventional ISS and new ISS (NISS) systems. We evaluated the performance pertaining to the 12 combinations of the features and models. The highest accuracy (85.05%) corresponded to Region-46 with DNN, followed by that of Region-6 with DNN (83.62%), AIS with DNN (81.27%), ISS-16 (80.50%), NISS-16 (79.18%), NISS-25 (77.09%), and ISS-25 (70.82%). The highest AUROC (0.9084) corresponded to Region-46 with DNN, followed by that of Region-6 with DNN (0.9013), AIS with DNN (0.8819), ISS (0.8709), and NISS (0.8681). The proposed deep learning scheme with feature combination exhibited high accuracy metrics such as the balanced accuracy and AUROC than the conventional ISS and NISS systems. We expect that our trial would be a cornerstone of more complex combination model.
Fruit juice mediated multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of substituted isoxazoles and their in vitro bio-evaluation
Authors: Gulati Susheel , Singh Rajvir , Sangwan Suman 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA simple, efficient and eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of isoxazole derivatives (4a–4h) using one-pot three-component reaction between substituted aldehydes (1a), methyl acetoacetate (2a) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (3a) has been achieved in presence of Cocos nucifera L. juice, Solanum lycopersicum L. juice and Citrus limetta juice respectively. The homogeneity of synthesized compounds was confirmed by melting point and thin layer chromatography. The synthesized compounds were characterized by using 1H NMR, FTIR and CHN analyses and evaluated for in vitro herbicidal activity against Raphanus sativus L. (Radish seeds). The compounds (4a–4h) were also screened for their fungicidal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Antibacterial activity was also tested against Erwinia carotovora and Xanthomonas citri. From bio-evaluation data, it was found that compound 4b was most active against Raphanus sativus L. (root) and Raphanus sativus L. (shoot) respectively. Compound 4b was also found most active against both the fungus viz. R. solani and C. gloeosporioides showing maximum percentage growth inhibition i.e. 90.00 against R. solani and 82.45 against C. gloeosporioides at 2000 µg/mL concentration. Compound 4 h has shown maximum inhibition zone i.e. 3.00–9.60 mm against Erwinia carotovora at 2000 µg/mL concentration. Maximum Xanthomonas citri growth was also inhibited by compound 4 h showing inhibition zone 1.00–5.00 mm at highest concentration.
Risk factors for thrombotic events in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Park Dong-Jin , Yoon Chang-Seok , Choi Sung-Eun , Xu Haimuzi , Kang Ji-Hyoun , Lee Shin-Seok 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThrombotic events (TE), including deep vein thrombosis, stroke, and myocardial infarction, occur in 30–40% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. We explored the risk factors for TE in SLE patients. We analyzed data obtained during a prospective cohort based on the KORean lupus NETwork (KORNET) registry, and enrolled 259 SLE patients with clinical data available at the onset of SLE. TE was defined as the presence of arterial or venous thrombosis. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazards analysis was performed to investigate risk factors for TE. During a mean follow-up of 103.3 months (SD 53.4), 27 patients (10.4%) had a TE. In multivariate analysis, hypertension (hazard ratio [HR] 7.805, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.929–31.581; P = 0.004), anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) (HR 12.600, 95% CI: 4.305–36.292; P < 0.001), mean daily prednisolone > 5 mg/day (HR 3.666, 95% CI: 1.318–10.197; P = 0.013), and SLICC/ACR Damage Index (SDI) score (HR 1.992, 95% CI: 1.465–2.709; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the development of TE in SLE patients. Instead, use of an ACEi or ARB (HR 0.159, 95% CI: 0.043–0.594; P = 0.006) was a protective factor against TE development in these patients. In conclusion, hypertension, higher mean daily dose of prednisolone, diagnosis of APS, and higher SDI were risk factors for TE in patients with SLE. On the other hand, the use of an ACEi or ARB was associated with a reduced risk of TE.
Conformational dynamics of free and membrane-bound human Hsp70 in model cytosolic and endo-lysosomal environments
Authors: Calvaresi Valeria , Truelsen Line T. , Larsen Sidsel B. , Petersen Nikolaj H. T. , Kirkegaard Thomas , Rand Kasper D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe binding of the major stress-inducible human 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) to the anionic phospholipid bis-(monoacylglycero)-phosphate (BMP) in the lysosomal membrane is crucial for its impact on cellular pathology in lysosomal storage disorders. However, the conformational features of this protein-lipid complex remain unclear. Here, we apply hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) to describe the dynamics of the full-length Hsp70 in the cytosol and its conformational changes upon translocation into lysosomes. Using wild-type and W90F mutant proteins, we also map and discriminate the interaction of Hsp70 with BMP and other lipid components of the lysosomal membrane. We identify the N-terminal of the nucleotide binding domain (residues 87–118) as the primary orchestrator of BMP interaction. We show that the conformation of this domain is significantly reorganized in the W90F mutant, explaining its inability to stabilize lysosomal membranes. Overall, our results reveal important new molecular details of the protective effect of Hsp70 in lysosomal storage diseases, which, in turn, could guide future drug development.
Ferro-electric and magnetic properties in Bi5Ti3FeO15 films by Mn doping
Authors: Zhang Xue , Qi Ruijuan , Dong Shangwei , Yang Shuai , Hong Xuekun , Peng Hui , Sun Lin , Xiang Pinghua , Yang Pingxiong , Yue Fangyu , Duan Chungang , Chu Junhao 
Published: December 2021

Multiferroic Bi5Ti3Fe1−xMnxO15 films were synthesized using the sol–gel method. Mn-doping significantly reduces the optical bandgap and improves the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties, but excessive doping largely increases the leakage due to the increase of oxygen vacancies.
The Diagnostic Value of Language Screening in Primary Progressive Aphasia: Validation and Application of the Sydney Language Battery
Authors: Janssen Nikki , Roelofs Ardi , van den Berg Esther , Eikelboom Willem S. , Holleman Meike A. , in de Braek Dymphie M. J. M. , Piguet Olivier , Piai Vitória , Kessels Roy P. C. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
The three variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) differ in clinical presentation, underlying brain pathology, and clinical course, which stresses the need for early differentiation. However, brief cognitive tests that validly distinguish between all PPA variants are lacking. The Sydney Language Battery (SYDBAT) is a promising screening instrument that can be used as a first step in a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment to distinguish PPA subtypes, but evidence on its validity and reliability is to date limited. In the current study, the validation and diagnostic value of the SYDBAT are described for discriminating PPA subtypes as well as distinguishing PPA from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's dementia (AD).

Method:
Forty-five patients with PPA (13 with semantic PPA, 20 with logopenic PPA, and 12 with nonfluent/agrammatic PPA), 25 MCI patients, 13 AD patients, and 50 cognitively unimpaired controls were included in this study. Both patients and controls completed the SYDBAT-NL (Dutch version). Performance on and predictive ability of the four subtests (i.e., Naming, Word Comprehension, Repetition, and Semantic Association) were assessed. In addition, construct validity and internal consistency were examined.

Results:
Different SYDBAT performance patterns were found across PPA and non-PPA patient groups. While a discriminant function analysis based on SYDBAT subtest scores could predict PPA subtype with 78% accuracy, it was more difficult to disentangle PPA from non-PPA patients based on SYDBAT scores alone. For assisting in clinical interpretation, simple rules were set up and translated into a diagnostic decision tree for subtyping PPA, which was capable of diagnosing a large proportion of the cases. Satisfying validity and reliability measures were found.

Conclusions:
The SYDBAT is an easy-to-use and promising screen for assessing single-word language processes, which may contribute to the differential diagnostic process of PPA and the assessment of language impairment in MCI and AD. It can be easily implemented for initial screening of patients in a memory clinic.
Building the UK's industrial base in engineering biology
Authors: Kitney Richard I. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe paper describes the strategy and components that have been put in place to build the UK's research and industrial base in Engineering Biology. The initial section of the paper provides a brief historical overview of the development of the field in the United Kingdom. This comprised, principally, a major report by the Royal Academy of Engineering and a strategic roadmap for synthetic biology, together with the establishment of six new synthetic biology research centres, a national centre for the industrial translation of synthetic biology and five biofoundries. The next section of the paper describes the UK government’s policy for the field. Important elements of the implementation of the policy comprises people, Infrastructure, Business Environment and place. In this context, a number of important areas are addressed—including industrial translation; building an expert workforce and nucleating, incubating and accelerating a new engineering biology industry in the United Kingdom. The final portion of the paper addresses the author's view of the way forward. This comprises placing the development of the field, both nationally and internationally, in the context of the development of the Bioeconomy and Climate Change. The final section of the text addresses a specific strategic approach and the implications for the United Kingdom in relation to the development of its industrial base in Engineering Biology.
Multiscale residual fusion network for image denoising
Authors: Yao Cheng , Tang Yibin , Sun Jia , Gao Yuan , Zhu Changping 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDeep‐learning methods have been developed in recent years and have achieved dramatic improvements for image denoising. The existing deep‐learning methods can be conducted using two major models: Encoder–decoder and high‐resolution, where the high‐resolution model has superior resolution ability for detail description and restoration. In this study, a high‐resolution‐based network called multiscale residual fusion network (MRF‐Net) is proposed, which employed the spatial and contextual information of images. In detail, dilated convolution layers are used to enlarge the network's receptive field and learned sufficient features in a multiscale feature extracting module. The function of dilated convolution is reinterpreted here and it is viewed as a complex downsampling operation. Therefore, multiscale feature analysis could be performed in the proposed network by dilated convolution. Multilevel feature maps are sequentially obtained through a residual projection module, where considerable contextual and spatial information was collected from the multiscale features. In a residual fusion module, all maps were aggregated to generate a residual image effectively for noise removal. Experiments demonstrated that the MRF‐Net outperformed several state‐of‐the‐art model‐based and deep‐learning methods in both blind and non‐blind image denoising tests. Meanwhile, ablation studies were executed to verify the denoising performance of each module. Moreover, this method exhibited high computational efficiency, thus demonstrating its practicability.
Co‐combustion and ash characteristics of Zhundong coal with rice husk hydrochar prepared by the hydrothermal carbonization technology for co‐combustion
Authors: Yang Li , Wang Hui , Zhu Jingwen , Sun Wei , Xu Youning , Wu Shaohua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe high content of the AAEMs in Zhundong (ZD) coal causes easily slagging on the heating surface of boilers, and the addition of rice husk hydrochar (RHC) is expected to alleviate slagging by introducing SiO2 content. ZD coal is co‐fired with RHC according to different blend ratios, co‐combustion ashes are prepared subsequently at different temperatures. The co‐combustion characteristics of blends are studied firstly by using TGA, considering the combustion process can bring impacts on ash characteristics. Then the effects of the blend ratio and ashing temperature on the ash characteristics are discussed. The ash samples are characterized by XRF, ICP‐AES, XRD and SEM. The results show that an increase in the blend ratio of the RHC reduces the ignition temperature and lengthens the burnout time, which transforms the ash characteristics. The contents of quartz, gehlenite and andalusite greatly increase. The number of fine particles in the ash decreases, while the particle size increases. The ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) are at the lowest value at 8:2 and exceed totally that of ZD coal at 7:3. Considering to increase the AFTs of ZD coal, at least the blend ratio of 7:3 of ZD coal and RHC is recommended for co‐combustion.
Patientenzufriedenheit nach geschlechtsangleichender Mastektomie in Frau-zu-Mann-transidenten Patienten – eine Analyse unter Verwendung eines modifizierten BREAST-Q-Fragebogens
Authors: Kühn Shafreena , Wehle Andrej , Kiehlmann Marcus , Rieger Ulrich Michael 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Mastektomie ist essenzieller Bestandteil der geschlechtsangleichenden Operationen in der Gruppe Frau-zu-Mann(FM)-transidenter Patienten. Einschlägige Studien zeigen eine hohe Patientenzufriedenheit in dieser Kohorte, allerdings etablierte sich bisher kein standardisiertes Verfahren zur Evaluation der Effektivität.
Methoden Anhand des etablierten Breast-Q-Fragebogens entwickelten wir eine modifizierte Version unter Berücksichtigung spezifischer Fragestellungen hinsichtlich FM-transidenter Patienten. Demnach erfolgte die Anpassung aller Fragen, welche gezielt die Physiologie von Cis-Frauen adressieren. Im Sinne eines „One-Group Post-Test Only“-Designs kontaktierten wir Patienten nach stattgehabter Mastektomie im Zeitraum von 1991 bis 2017 und evaluierten die Ergebnisse des Fragebogens von insgesamt 28 Patienten. Letzterer beinhaltet 57 Fragen hinsichtlich der grundlegenden Zufriedenheit mit der Brustregion, ebenso wie spezifische Fragen zur Zufriedenheit mit dem Mamillen-Areola-Komplex und hinterfragt Themen wie Erwartungen, Selbstbewusstsein, Sexualleben und Bedauern nach erfolgter Mastektomie.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt zeigte sich ein hohes Maß an Patientenzufriedenheit nach stattgehabter Mastektomie. Alle befragten Patienten würden den Eingriff wiederholen und nur wenige äußerten Bedauern.
Konklusion Die Mastektomie spielt eine entscheidende Rolle hinsichtlich geschlechtsangleichender Eingriffe bei Trans-Männern und zeigt eine hohe postoperative Zufriedenheit als Ausdruck einer Lebensqualitätsverbesserung.
Hodenkrebsscreening bei Männern ab 16 Jahren: IQWiG
ThemenCheck Health Technology Assessment-Bericht zu medizinischen,
ökonomischen, sozialen, ethischen, rechtlichen und organisatorischen
Aspekten
Authors: Schnell-Inderst Petra , Laschkolnig Anja , Marckmann Georg , Antony Daniela , Siebert Uwe , Mühlberger Nikolai 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Hodenkrebs tritt v. a. bei jungen Männern
zwischen 25 und 45 Jahren auf und ist die häufigste Krebserkrankung in
diesem Alter. Mögliche Hodenkrebsfrüherkennungsmaßnahmen
bei asymptomatischen Männern ab 16 Jahren, wie die ärztliche
Tast- und Ultraschalluntersuchung (TUS) bzw. die Tasteigenuntersuchung (TEU)
könnten Todesfälle und aggressive Spättherapien
vermeiden. Deshalb wurde untersucht, ob diese Maßnahmen einen
Zusatznutzen im Vergleich zur gegenwärtigen Situation sowie relevante
ethische, rechtliche, soziale und organisatorische Aspekte aufweisen.
Methoden Die Methodik dieses Reviews folgt den „Allgemeine[n]
Methoden Version 5.0“ des IQWiG. Zusätzlich wurde zur
Abschätzung der theoretisch möglichen Nutzen- und
Schadenspotenziale eines Screenings eine ergänzende Darstellung zur
Nutzenbewertung anhand veröffentlichter Daten aus Tumorregistern und
Daten zu prädiktiven Werten aus Diagnosestudien herangezogen.
Ergebnisse Es wurden keine Interventionsstudien identifiziert, deshalb
können keine evidenzbasierten Aussagen zu einem zusätzlichen
Nutzen oder Schaden der untersuchten Früherkennungsmaßnahmen
getroffen werden. Epidemiologischen Daten zeigen, dass pro 100 000
jährlich am Screening teilnehmenden Männern maximal 1,2
fortgeschrittene Tumoren und 0,4 Todesfälle vermeidbar wären.
Schadensberechnungen ergeben, dass bei der TUS von 100 000
Männern mit 1 bis 22 unnötigen Hodenfreilegungen oder
-entfernungen zu rechnen ist, bei der TEU wären es 2 Fälle.
Diese Angaben zum möglichen Schaden des Screenings sind jedoch mit
großer Unsicherheit behaftet.
Schlussfolgerungen Es liegen keine Interventionsstudien vor, die
nachweisen könnten, dass der Nutzen eines Hodenkrebsscreenings bei
Männern ab 16 Jahren den Schaden überwiegt. Der maximal
mögliche Zusatznutzen ist gering und Entdeckungs- und Heilungschancen
sind auch ohne Screening gut. Derzeit kann ein Hodenkrebsscreening nicht
empfohlen werden.
First Baby Born in Brazil after Simultaneous Diagnosis through Non-Invasive and Conventional PGT-A
Authors: Kulmann Marcos Iuri Roos , Riboldi Márcia , Martello Carolina , Bos-Mikich Adriana , Frantz Gerta , Dutra Caroline , Donatti Luiza Mezzomo , Oliveira Norma , Frantz Nilo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNon-invasive preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (niPGT-A) aiming to assess cell-free embryonic DNA in spent culture media is promising, especially because it might overcome the diminished rates of implantation caused by the inadequate performance of trophectoderm (TE) biopsy. Our center is part of the largest study to date assessing the concordance between conventional PGT-A and niPGT-A, and we report here the delivery of the first baby born in Brazil using niPGT-A. The parents of the baby were admitted to our center in 2018. They did not present history of infertility, and they were interested in using in vitro fertilization (IVF) and PGT-A in order to avoid congenital anomalies in the offspring. A total of 11 (3 day-5 and 8 day-6) expanded blastocysts were biopsied, and the spent culture media (culture from day-4 to day-6) from 8 day-6 blastocysts were collected for niPGT-A. Overall, 7 embryos yielded informative results for trophectoderm (TE) and media samples. Among the embryos with informative results, 5 presented concordant diagnosis between conventional PGT-A and niPGT-A, and 2 presented discordant diagnosis (1 false-positive and one false-negative). The Blastocyst 4, diagnosed as 46, XY by both niPGT-A and conventional PGT-A, was warmed up and transferred, resulting in the birth of a healthy 3.8 kg boy in February 2020. Based on our results and the recent literature, we believe that the safest current application of niPGT-A would be as a method of embryo selection for patients without an indication for conventional PGT-A. The approximate 80% of reliability of niPGT-A in the diagnosis of ploidy is superior to predictions provided by other non-invasive approaches like morphology and morphokinetics selection.
Dyspnea and COVID-19: A Review of Confounding Diagnoses during the Postpartum Period
Authors: Castro Clara Nunes , Lopes Pedro Paulo Machado , Mayrink Jussara 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe puerperium is a complex period that begins with placental delivery and lasts for 6 weeks, during which readaptation of the female organism and redistribution of blood volume occur. This period is conducive to the occurrence of thromboembolic events. In the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the virus responsible for COVID-19, the attention of the scientific community and health professionals has been focused on obtaining insights on different aspects of this disease, including etiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment. Regarding the pregnancy–postpartum cycle, it is opportune to review the clinical conditions that can occur during this period and to investigate dyspnea as a postpartum symptom in order to avoid its immediate association with COVID-19 without further investigation, which can lead to overlooking the diagnosis of other important and occasionally fatal conditions.
Relationship between Pneumonia and the Thymus Gland in Children with COVID-19: A Volumetric Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Urfali Furkan E. , Geçkalan Soysal Damla , Atlanoglu Sahinde , Korkmaz Mehmet , Genc Özlem , Özdemir Rahmi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective Many studies showed that less-severe disease symptoms and fewer mortality rates have been reported in pediatric novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. In this study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between the volume of thymus gland, which provides T lymphocyte maturation in children, with the severity of lung involvement and blood laboratory values in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection.
Methods Thymus density and thymus and cardiac volumes were measured in pediatric COVID-19 patients and a control group that underwent thoracic tomography for reasons other than infection. Thymus/heart ratios were calculated to index the thymus volumes of the patients to their body dimensions. The severity of pneumonia was demonstrated by proportioning the involved lung parenchymal volume to the total lung volume in patients with typical involvement in thoracic tomography. The relationship between volumetric and blood laboratory values was statistically evaluated.
Results Thymus density (p = 0.015) and thymus/heart ratio (p = 0.04) significantly differed between patients with COVID-19 infection and the control group. A correlation was observed between the pneumonia involvement rate and C-reactive protein (CRP) (k: 0.451, p = 0.08) and white blood cell (WBC; k: 0.419, p = 0.015) values in the thoracic tomography of the COVID-19 group.
Conclusion The thymus gland is enlarged as an indicator of activation in COVID-19 infection. We hope that our study will guide new studies on the prognostic value of thymus size in lymphopenic patients with severe disease.