bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excision of a sclerosing polycystic adenosis of the deep parotid gland
Authors: Moyer Erik , Swid Mohammed Amer , Tuliszewski Robert , Barrese James , Mock Jeremy , Frank Renee 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 15‐year‐old male presented to the hospital with a 2‐month history of a right parotid mass. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an encapsulated 3.7 cm mass. Fine‐needle aspiration suggested a monomorphic adenoma (prior to utilization of the Milan Classification system). Total parotidectomy was performed with dissection and preservation of the facial nerve. Surgical pathology identified the lesion as sclerosing polycystic adenosis (SPA) after examining the histopathological and immunohistochemistry findings. SPA is a rare lesion which leads to inflammatory changes in the salivary gland. The most common site impacted is the parotid gland but also can affect other major or minor salivary glands. The fibrocystic changes are morphologically like the histological developments of sclerosing adenosis of breast tissue. Those changes consist of fibrosis, apocrine metaplasia, and different degrees of proliferation of ducts, acini, and myoepithelial cells. The pathogenesis of SPA is unknown but recent studies suggest that it could be a neoplasm. Treatment with surgical excision is effective and its' recurrence is rare. This case report details the cytomorphology, histology, and immunohistochemical profile of SPA.
Cryo‐injury procedure‐induced cardiac regeneration shows unique gene expression profiles in the newt Pleurodeles waltl
Authors: Uemasu Hitoshi , Ikuta Hiromi , Igawa Takeshi , Suzuki Makoto , Kyakuno Mitsuki , Iwata Yui , Tazawa Ichiro , Ogino Hajime , Satoh Yukio , Takeuchi Takashi , Namba Noriyuki , Hayashi Toshinori 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundCardiac regeneration in the adult mouse is not substantial. Some vertebrates, such as newts and zebrafish, regenerate the heart throughout their lives. To understand how regenerative abilities differ among animal species, comparative research has been conducted in animals like mouse, zebrafish, and newt. For those purposes, cryo‐injury is suitable as an experimental model for the pathological condition of human myocardial infarction. In fact, cryo‐injury procedures are common in mouse and zebrafish.ResultsIn the present study, we induced cryo‐damage on the ventricle in Iberian ribbed newts using a liquid nitrogen‐chilled probe. We observed that the injured area recovered within 8 weeks, with remodeling of scar tissue and proliferation of cardiomyocytes. We investigated the subsequent recovery of cryo‐injured and amputated tissues by comparative analysis of the gene expression profiles following these two procedures.ConclusionsNotably, we established a cryo‐injury procedure for the newt and confirmed that regeneration of the cryo‐damaged myocardial tissue is achieved by changes in gene expression that are milder than those observed in the amputation model. Our results suggest that the cryo‐injury method is suitable for comparing the process of cardiac regeneration in the newt with that in other animal models.
Functional Properties and Composition of New “Nut” Oil Obtained from Xanthium sibiricum Seeds
Authors: Zhou Sheng , Wen Yuxiu , Duan Yiting , Li Qi , Gao Yuan , Yu Xiuzhu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo develop new high‐nutrient oil resources, eight Xanthium sibiricum seeds (XSs) are used as raw materials for the preparation of oil. The properties, chemical composition, and free radical scavenging capacity of XS oils (XSOs) are evaluated in this study. The characteristics of XSOs from different regions are also compared and analyzed. Results show that XSOs contains a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (up to 90.90%). XSOs are rich in phytochemicals, such as tocopherols (consisting of α‐, β‐, and γ‐tocopherols) and phytosterols (including β‐sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol). The contents of phytochemicals and free radical scavenging capacity in XSOs from Gansu are higher than those in other regions. Furthermore, the free radical scavenging capacities of XSOs are significantly (p < 0.05) affected by some minor components, especially in α‐tocopherol. XSOs generally have high nutritional value, and they could be used as a new alternative to nut oil.Practical applications: The excellent chemical composition and functional properties of XSOs indicate that it could be used as a new edible oil through proper processing. Due to its high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, XSOs is expected to become a functional oil for preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. XSOs could also be developed as a new low‐cost “nut oil” with similar characteristics and higher active substance content.
Continuous organelle separation in an insulator‐based dielectrophoretic device
Authors: Ortiz Ricardo , Koh Domin , Kim Dai Hyun , Rabbani Mohammad Towshif , Anguaya Velasquez Cesar , Sonker Mukul , Arriaga Edgar A. , Ros Alexandra 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHeterogeneity in organelle size has been associated with devastating human maladies such as neurodegenerative diseases or cancer. Therefore, assessing the size‐based subpopulation of organelles is imperative to understand the biomolecular foundations of these diseases. Here, we demonstrated a ratchet migration mechanism using insulator‐based dielectrophoresis in conjunction with a continuous flow component that allows the size‐based separation of submicrometer particles. The ratchet mechanism was realized in a microfluidic device exhibiting an array of insulating posts, tailoring electrokinetic and dielectrophoretic transport. A numerical model was developed to elucidate the particle migration and the size‐based separation in various conditions. Experimentally, the size‐based separation of a mixture of polystyrene beads (0.28 and 0.87 m) was accomplished demonstrating good agreement with the numerical model. Furthermore, the size‐based separation of mitochondria was investigated using a mitochondria mixture isolated from HepG2 cells and HepG2 cells carrying the gene Mfn‐1 knocked out, indicating distinct size‐related migration behavior. With the presented continuous flow separation device, larger amounts of fractionated organelles can be collected in the future allowing access to the biomolecular signature of mitochondria subpopulations differing in size.
Parameter identification and identifiability analysis of lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Choi Yun Young , Kim Seongyoon , Kim Kyunghyun , Kim Sanghyun , Choi Jung‐Il 
Published: December 2021

AbstractParameter identification (PI) is a cost‐effective approach for estimating the parameters of an electrochemical model for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, it requires identifiability analysis (IA) of model parameters because identifiable parameters vary with reference data and electrochemical models. Therefore, we propose a PI and IA (PIIA) framework for a robust PI that can adapt to discharge data. The IA results show that the best subset with 15 parameters is determined by the Fisher information matrix and the sample‐averaged RDE criterion under various operating conditions. The identification process based on a genetic algorithm determines the optimal parameters. The identified‐parameter model predicts voltage curves with uncertainty bounds, considering the confidence intervals of identified parameters. Further, we demonstrate that the proposed PIIA framework robustly identifies the parameters of the electrochemical model from experimental data.
Effects of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nano‐CaCO3 on kinetics of hydrate formation
Authors: Guo Dongdong , Ou Wenjia , Ning Fulong , Fang Bin , Liang Yongsheng , Ud Din Shahab , Zhang Ling 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe invasion of drilling fluids during well drilling through gas hydrate‐bearing sediments may seriously damage gas hydrate stability and distort well‐logging identification and evaluation in exploration and production of gas hydrate reservoirs. Adding nanoparticles into drilling fluids can be an efficient method to reduce fluid invasion. However, nanoparticles may induce hydrate formation in wells, which will block annulus and lead to safety accidents. Therefore, suitable nanoparticles used for hydrate drilling should be clarified first. This study addressed this issue by experimentally investigating the influence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nano‐CaCO3 on CH4 hydrate formation in a dynamic system. We performed a series of experiments by using nano‐CaCO3 (1.0–6.0 wt%) with different particle sizes (20, 70, and 700 nm) at 3.0 °C and 6.0 MPa. The macroscopic kinetic parameters of hydrate formation were obtained. The results show that hydrophobic nano‐CaCO3 particles promote hydrate formation, while hydrophilic ones can inhibit hydrate formation at certain particle sizes and concentrations. This is mainly due to the different surface wettability, resulting in the different distribution of water and gas molecules in fluids. The hydrophilic nano‐CaCO3 with the particle size of 20 nm and addition of 3.0 wt% has the strongest inhibition effect under the given experimental conditions. In comparison with ultrapure water, the induction time is increased by about 38%, while the formation amount and rate are decreased by about 13% and 18%, respectively. This work will provide valuable ideas and references for the design of deepwater drilling fluid using nanoparticles, and also provide insight into revealing the formation and evolution mechanism of hydrate deposits at the micropore or even nanopore scale.
Cryptocurrency exchanges: Predicting which markets will remain active
Authors: Milunovich George , Lee Seung Ah 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAbout 99% of cryptocurrency trades occur on organized exchanges with many investors subsequently keeping their digital assets in accounts with cryptocurrency markets. This generates exposure to the risk of exchange closures. We construct a database containing eight key characteristics on 238 cryptocurrency exchanges and employ machine learning techniques to predict whether a cryptocurrency market will remain active or whether it will go out of business. Both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample measures of forecasting performance are computed and ranked for four popular machine learning algorithms. Although all four models produce satisfactory classification accuracy, our best model is a random forest classifier. It reaches accuracy of 90.4% on training data and 86.1% on a test dataset. From the list of predictors, we find that exchange lifetime, transacted volume, and cyber‐security measures such as security audit, cold storage, and bug bounty programs rank high in terms of feature importance across multiple algorithms. On the other hand, whether an exchange has previously experienced a security breach does not rank highly according to its contribution to classification accuracy.
Two distinct types of nodes of Ranvier support auditory nerve function in the mouse cochlea
Authors: Panganiban Clarisse H. , Barth Jeremy L. , Tan Junying , Noble Kenyaria V. , McClaskey Carolyn M. , Howard Blake A. , Jafri Shabih H. , Dias James W. , Harris Kelly C. , Lang Hainan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe auditory nerve (AN) of the inner ear is the primary conveyor of acoustic information from sensory hair cells to the brainstem. Approximately 95% of peripheral AN fibers are myelinated by glial cells. The integrity of myelin and the glial‐associated paranodal structures at the node of Ranvier is critical for normal AN activity and axonal survival and function in the central auditory nervous system. However, little is known about the node of Ranvier's spatiotemporal development in the AN, how the aging process (or injury) affects the activity of myelinating glial cells, and how downstream alterations in myelin and paranodal structure contribute to AN degeneration and sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we characterized two types of Ranvier nodes—the axonal node and the ganglion node—in the mouse peripheral AN, and found that they are distinct in several features of postnatal myelination and age‐related degeneration. Cellular, molecular, and structure–function correlations revealed that the two node types are each critical for different aspects of peripheral AN function. Neural processing speed and synchrony is associated with the length of the axonal node, while stimulus level‐dependent amplitude growth and action potentials are associated with the ganglion node. Moreover, our data indicate that dysregulation of glial cells (e.g., satellite cells) and degeneration of the ganglion node structure are an important new mechanism of age‐related hearing loss.
Presentation and outcomes of patients with clinically T1‐2, N0 supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma: The role of definitive radiotherapy compared to primary partial laryngectomy
Authors: Al‐Qurayshi Zaid , Ngouajio Amanda L. , Buchakjian Marisa R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundEarly‐stage supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is usually treated with a single modality. The aim of this study is to examine the role of radiotherapy (RT) versus partial laryngectomy (open, robotic‐assisted, or endoscopic) with elective neck dissection (PL + END).MethodsA retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database, 2010–2016. The study population included adult patients with clinically T1‐2, N0 supraglottic SCC.Results3301 patients were included. RT was performed in 93.52%, open PL + END in 2.64%, robotic‐assisted PL + END in 1.33%, and endoscopic surgical resection in 2.51%. In the surgery group, T was upstaged in 23.36% and N was upstage in 16.36%. Five‐year survival in the primary surgery group compared to RT group was 61.89% versus 77.46% (HR: 0.56, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.72).ConclusionsT was upstaged in 23% of surgical patients. This accurate staging is likely missed in patients who undergo RT and possibly contributes to lower overall survival of this treatment group.
Using observed soil moisture to constrain the uncertainty of simulated hydrological fluxes
Authors: Ireson Andrew M. , Sanchez‐Rodriguez Ines , Basnet Sujan , Brauner Haley , Bobenic Talia , Brannen Rosa , Elrashidy Mennatullah , Braaten Morgan , Amankwah Seth K. , Barr Alan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUsing data from five long‐term field sites measuring soil moisture, we show the limitations of using soil moisture observations alone to constrain modelled hydrological fluxes. We test a land surface model, Modélisation Environnementale communautaire‐Surface Hydrology/Canadian Land Surface Scheme, with two configurations: one where the soil hydraulic properties are determined using a pedotransfer function (the texture‐based calibration) and one where they are assigned directly (the hydraulic properties‐based calibration). The hydraulic properties‐based calibration outperforms the texture‐based calibration in terms of reproducing changes in soil moisture storage within a 1.6 m deep profile at each site, but both perform reasonably well, especially in the summer months. When the models are constrained using observations of changes in soil moisture, the predicted hydrological fluxes are subject to very large uncertainties associated with equifinality. The uncertainty is larger for the hydraulic properties‐based calibration, even though the performance was better. We argue that since the pedotransfer functions constrain the model parameters in the texture‐based calibrations in an unrealistic way, the texture‐based calibration underestimates the uncertainty in the fluxes. We recommend that reproducing observed cumulative changes in soil moisture storage should be considered a necessary but insufficient criterion of model success. Additional sources of information are needed to reduce uncertainties, and these could include improved estimation of the soil hydraulic properties and direct observations of fluxes, particularly evapotranspiration.
Nasal carriage ofStaphylococcus aureusin children with grass pollen‐induced allergic rhinitis and the effect of polyvalent mechanical bacterial lysate immunostimulation on carriage status: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Janeczek Kamil , Emeryk Andrzej , Zimmer Łukasz , Poleszak Ewa , Ordak Michał 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundNumerous studies indicate thatStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) colonizing the nasal cavity plays a role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). This bacterium is able to produce a variety of toxins with superantigenic properties that can exacerbate allergic inflammation.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the ability of polyvalent mechanical bacterial lysate (PMBL) to eliminateS. aureusnasal carriage in children with grass pollen‐induced AR.MethodsThis randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study included 80 children aged 5–17 years with seasonal AR (SAR). At the randomization visit and after 12 weeks of the study, a swab was taken from the region of the middle nasal meatus. Standard microbiology culture and identification techniques were used to analyze the swab contents.ResultsNasal colonization byS. aureuswas confirmed in 29 children (42%), withMoraxella catarrhalisin three participants (4.4%). Physiological flora was detected in 37 children. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two measurement points in both the PMBL and placebo groups with respect to the number of patients whose nasal swab cultures showed a growth ofS. aureus(p = 1). Both groups also showed no significant changes in the mean number ofS. aureuscolonies in nasal swab cultures taken at baseline and after 12 weeks of the study (PMBL groupp = .41; placebo groupp = .16).ConclusionAlmost every second child with SAR isS. aureusnasal carrier. Sublingual administration of PMBL in children with grass pollen‐induced AR did not affectS. aureusnasal colonization. Therefore, PMBL should not be used for the eradication ofS. aureusfrom the nasal cavity.
Generalized Uncoupled Bone Remodeling Associated With Delayed Healing of Fatigue Fractures
Authors: Tong Xiaoyu , Turunen Mikael J , Burton Inari S , Kröger Heikki 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTFatigue fractures in bones are common injuries with load‐bearing activities, during which the remodeling aimed at removing microdamage has been suggested to play a role in increasing related fracture risk. Much attention has been given to the uncoupling between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic osteogenesis in fatigue fracture cases; however, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of impaired fracture healing are yet unknown. Here we report multiple fatigue fractures in a physically active woman receiving contraceptive pills for years. Her fracture healing was remarkably slow, although she has been otherwise healthy. The patient underwent bone biopsy of the iliac crest that showed remarkable peritrabecular fibrosis with increased osteoclastic bone resorption combined with relatively low bone formation. Analysis of bone biochemical composition revealed a more complex picture: First, notable declines in bone mineral content–based parameters indicating abnormal mineralization were evident in both cancellous and cortical bone. Second, there was elevation in mineral crystal size, perfection, and collagen maturity in her bone tissues from different anatomical sites. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing generalized uncoupling in bone remodeling, increased peritrabecular fibrosis, and bone compositional changes associated with delayed healing of fatigue fractures. These results may explain delayed healing of fatigue and stress fractures. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Proteomic analysis reveals that Xbp1s promotes hypoxic pulmonary hypertension through the p‐JNK MAPK pathway
Authors: Jiang Hongxia , Niu Yang , He Yuanzhou , Li Xiaochen , Xu Yongjian , Liu Xiansheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is characterized by elevated pulmonary artery resistance and vascular remodeling. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is reported to be involved in HPH, but the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. We found that Xbp1s, a potent transcription factor during ERS, was elevated in hypoxic‐cultured rat PASMCs and lung tissues from HPH rats. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated that overexpressing Xbp1s can promote proliferation, cell viability, and migration and inhibit the apoptosis of PASMCs, while silencing Xbp1s led to the opposite. Through data‐independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry, we identified extensive proteomic alterations regulated by hypoxia and Xbp1s. Further validation revealed that p‐JNK, rather than p‐ERK or p‐p38, was the downstream effector of Xbp1s. p‐JNK inhibition reversed the biological effects of Xbp1s overexpression in vitro. In the animal HPH model, rats were randomly assigned to five groups: normoxia, hypoxia, hypoxia+AAV‐CTL (control), hypoxia+AAV‐Xbp1s (prevention), and hypoxia+AAV‐Xbp1s (therapy). Adeno‐associated virus (AAV) serotype 1‐mediated Xbp1s knockdown in the prevention and therapy groups significantly reduced right ventricular systolic pressure, total pulmonary resistance, right ventricular hypertrophy, and the medial wall thickness of muscularized distal pulmonary arterioles; AAV‐Xbp1s also decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and increased apoptosis in pulmonary arterioles. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that the Xbp1s‐p‐JNK pathway is important in hypoxic vascular remodeling and that targeting this pathway could be an effective strategy to prevent and alleviate HPH development.
Recovery of valuable metals from the hydrochloric leaching solution of reduction smelted metallic alloys from spent lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Tran Thanh Tuan , Moon Hyun Seung , Lee Man Seung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGOUNDThe recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted much attention. This work investigated the recovery of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) from metallic alloys generated from the reduction smelting of spent LIBs by a hydrometallurgical process.RESULTSThe complete leaching conditions for metals from the alloys were optimized as: 2.0 mol L–1 hydrochloric acid (HCl), 5% (v/v) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with 30 g L–1 pulp density at 60 °C within 150 min. Metal ions such as Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II) and silicon [Si(IV)] from HCl leachate were separated sequentially in four steps using solvent extraction and oxidative precipitation. First, Fe(III) was completely extracted over others using 0.5 mol L–1 Di‐(2‐Ethyl Hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA). Second, Cu(II) from the Fe(III)‐free raffinate was selectively extracted using 0.25 mol L–1 Cyanex301. Fe(III) and Cu(II) were quantitatively stripped from their loaded phases using 50% (v/v) aqua regia. Third, Co(II) from the Fe(III)‐ and Cu(II)‐free raffinate was selectively extracted over Ni(II), Mn(II) and Si(IV) with 0.25 mol L–1 ALi‐SCN and stripped with 10% (v/v) ammonia (NH3). Finally, Mn(II) from the raffinate containing Ni(II) and Si(IV) was separated at pH 3 by oxidative precipitation of MnO2 after adding 10% (v/v) sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). Mass balance analysis of the whole process indicated that the recovery and purity percentage of the metal ions were >99.9%.CONCLUSIONWith its effective and selective performance, the application of this process to real‐life recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs can be considered. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).