bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active transcutaneous bone-anchored hearing implant: how I do it
Authors: Arndt S. , Rauch A. K. , Speck I. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The Cochlear™ Osia® System leaves a retroauricular bump that can cause discomfort and poor aesthetic outcome.

Method
To reduce the retroauricular bump, we introduced an implant well in the bone behind the ear for the transducer. We used cutting and diamond drills to create the implant well with an average depth of 4–5 mm. The surgical time including the implant well (40 min) was within the range of reported average surgical time (52 min).

Conclusion
Introduction of an implant well resulted in a better aesthetic outcome and improved patients’ comfort. The reduced distance between BI300 and ear canal might improve audiological outcome.
Intrapartal cardiotocographic patterns and hypoxia-related perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tarvonen Mikko , Hovi Petteri , Sainio Susanna , Vuorela Piia , Andersson Sture , Teramo Kari 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aims
In previous reports, cardiotocographic (CTG) fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring has shown only limited benefits in decreasing adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether an association exists between the recently reported ZigZag pattern (FHR baseline amplitude changes of > 25 bpm with a duration of 2–30 min) and asphyxia-related neonatal outcomes in GDM pregnancies.

Methods
Intrapartal CTGs were recorded in a one-year cohort of 5150 singleton childbirths. The following CTG changes were evaluated: ZigZag pattern, saltatory pattern, late decelerations, episodes of tachycardia and bradycardia, reduced variability, and uterine tachysystole. The cohort was divided into three groups: women with GDM, women with normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and women with no OGTT performed. Umbilical artery (UA) blood gases, Apgar scores, neonatal respiratory distress, and neonatal encephalopathy were used as outcome variables.

Results
GDM was diagnosed in 624 (12.1%), OGTT was normal in 4115 (79.9%), and OGTT was not performed in 411 (8.0%) women. Hypoxia-related ZigZag patterns (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.64–2.34) and late decelerations (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.27–2.13) of FHR, as well as a greater risk of fetal asphyxia (UA pH < 7.10 and/or UA BE < -12.0 meq/L and/or Apgar scores < 7 at 5-min) (OR 6.64, 95% CI 1.84–12.03) were observed in those with GDM compared with those without GDM.

Conclusions
GDM is associated with intrapartal ZigZag pattern and late decelerations, cord blood acidemia and low 5-min Apgar scores at birth indicating increased occurrence of fetal hypoxia in GDM pregnancies.
Mercury and selenium in developing and mature fruiting bodies of Amanita muscaria
Authors: Hanć Anetta , Fernandes Alwyn R. , Falandysz Jerzy , Zhang Ji 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBoth mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) occur in many mushroom species, but the morphological distribution of these elements during different developmental stages of the fruiting bodies is not known. Although Amanita muscaria can be consumed after suitable processing, they are often ignored by mushroom foragers, leaving an abundance for investigative study. Multiple specimens in each of six developmental stages (button to fully mature) were collected in excellent condition during a single morning from the same forested location and composited. With an average of 30 specimens per composite, and low temporal, spatial, and measurement uncertainty, the data are likely to be representative of the typical concentrations of Hg and Se for each developmental stage. Hg (range 0.58–0.74 mg kg-1 dry weight cap; 0.33 to 0.44 mg kg-1 dw stipe) and Se (range 8.3–11 mg kg-1 dw cap; 2.2 to 4.3 mg kg-1 dw stipe) levels were observed to vary during the developmental stages, and the variability may relate to the demands in growth. In common with some other species, the lower stipe concentrations may be consistent with nutrient/contant transport and support functions. Both Hg and Se levels were lowest during periods of maximum sporocarp growth. Selenium occurs at almost an order of magnitude greater levels than Hg. Due to its role in mitigating the effects of Hg toxicity, this property is of significance to those who consume the species either for nutritional, medicinal, or recreational purposes, although the losses of both these elements during processing are not known.
Rivers in the making; the definition of “Nahr” as a hybrid watercourse based on geoarchaeological evidence from Southwestern Iran
Authors: Rashidian Elnaz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper explores a new perspective to study the settlement dynamics of riverine landscapes by addressing human–environment interaction in the Ancient Near East through integration of remote sensing, new geodata, and developing a definition of a new category of a watercourse. The complex and entangled network of watercourses in the archaeologically crucial region of southwestern Iran, the Greater Susiana, hinders a clear view of the spatial relations between ancient settlements and their respective environments. The watercourses are known to be of either natural (rivers) or anthropogenic (canals) origin. However, many current watercourses do not fit into either category, which causes misinterpretations of the archaeological record. This paper introduces a third category, which consists of a hybrid of the two existing categories and suggests using the term “Nahr” to address such watercourses. The author implements this idea to a case study, Nahr-e Atiq, a watercourse in north Susiana, which passes two prominent sites, Abu Fanduweh and Haft Tappeh. Based on the results of a geoarchaeological investigation(including a survey, eight sediment cores, and several soil profiles, as well as 58 known archaeological sites), several hydro-morphologic elements are presented for identifying Nahrs. These include sedimentation, morphology, and physical characteristics. The most crucial aspect is the biography of a Nahr, as these hybrid watercourses might consist of different sections with different genesis. The author argues that Nahr, as defined here, must be considered an artifact, and studied as such in the landscape archaeology of the Ancient Near East.
A Review of Research Studying Film and Television Representations of ASD
Authors: Dean Michelle , Nordahl-Hansen Anders 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn increasing number of characters with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are appearing in film and television, leading to increased public perceptions of ASD. This review examined the current state of research focused on ASD representations in film and television, and the extent to which characterizations of ASD have been studied. Eighty-seven characters with ASD were discussed across the 26 articles. Characters were culturally and linguistically diverse, and portrayals of ASD appear to be moving away from typical disability-tropes. Researchers studying ASD portrayals were also culturally and academically diverse, with the majority representing fields outside of traditional ASD research disciplines. Connecting diverse methodological procedures may be a useful next-step to enhance empirical studies of ASD representations.
A comparison of dietary quality and nutritional adequacy of popular energy-restricted diets against the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and the Mediterranean Diet
Authors: Bracci Ella L. , Keogh Jennifer B. , Milte Rachel , Murphy Karen J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThere is limited information regarding the nutrition profile and diet quality of meal plans from currently popular weight loss (WL) diets in Australia. This includes the energy content (kilojoules), the macronutrient distribution and the micronutrient composition. Further, these diets have not been compared with current government guidelines and healthy eating principles (HEP) for nutritional adequacy. Popular diets were identified through grey literature, trending searches and relative popularity in Australia. Meal plans for each diet were analysed using Foodworks Dietary Software to determine food group intake, micronutrient and macronutrient distribution. The results indicated that all popular diets assessed deviated from government recommended HEP such as the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating and the Mediterranean diet. In most cases, both popular diets and the HEP had low intakes of multiple food groups, low intakes of essential micronutrients and a distorted macronutrient distribution. Popular diets may not provide adequate nutrition to meet needs, particularly in the long term and potentially resulting in micronutrient deficiency. When energy restricting for WL, meal plans should be highly individualised in conjunction with a qualified nutrition professional to ensure adequate dietary intake.
Effect of increased levels of dietary α-linolenic acid on the n-3 PUFA bioavailability and oxidative stress in rat
Authors: Couëdelo Leslie , Buaud Benjamin , Abrous Hélène , Chamekh-Coelho Ikram , Majou Didier , Boué-Vaysse Carole 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe investigated the impact of increased alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) dietary levels on its plasma bioavailability and its bioconversion in n-3 long chain poly unsaturated fatty acids during a 60-d kinetics and the oxidative stress potentially associated. Rats were submitted to a normolipidic diet providing 0, 3, 10 and 24% ALA of dietary lipids for 0, 15, 30 and 60 days. The lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress (nitric oxide (NO) contents and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), gluthation peroxidase (GPx) activities) were studied in the liver and plasma. When the diet was deprived in n-3 PUFAs, ALA, (eicosanoic acid) EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels decreased in all lipid fractions of plasma and in red blood cell (RBC) lipids. The addition of ALA in the diet linearly improves its bioavailability and its bioconversion in EPA (R²=0.98). By providing 10 to 24% ALA in dietary lipids (LA/ALA, 1·6 and 5·5 respectively), ALA and EPA were more broadly packaged in all lipid fractions (triglyceride (TAG), cholesterol ester (CE) and free fatty acids (FFA)) of plasma from 15 to 30 days timeframe. Only 3% ALA was sufficient to promote the maximal bioconversion of ALA in DHA in phospholipid (PL) and TAG fractions. Additionally, the improvement of ALA bioconversion in EPA and DHA did not impact the oxidative stress markers and limiting lipid peroxidation. To conclude, this study demonstrated that in rat, 10% ALA in the lipid diet for 15–30 days promotes its bioavailability and its bioconversion and allowed the greatest levels in plasma and RBCs.
THE ANTICIPATORY REASONABLE ADJUSTMENT DUTY: REMOVING THE BLOCKAGES?
Authors: Lawson Anna , Orchard Maria 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe anticipatory reasonable adjustment duty, introduced by the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and now found in the Equality Act 2010, has been hailed as an innovative and proactive tool for embedding disability equality in services and public functions. Despite important successes, the duty has had a surprisingly low profile in academic scholarship and has struggled to fulfil its practical potential. We seek to understand how this has happened, identifying a range of factors that may operate as blockages to the success of the duty. Whilst these factors are interrelated, we group them under three main headings – visibility, uncertainty and enforcement. We reflect critically on whether, and if so how, relevant blockages can be tackled to enable the duty to embed disability equality more effectively within services and public functions and whether new supplementary measures (particularly concerning accessibility) are also needed.
Optimal path crossing the orientation exclusion zone of a robot with offset wrist
Authors: Milenkovic Paul 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn unexpected path reversal is discovered for a serial robot with an offset-axis wrist over a finite range of proximity to the wrist singularity. This is replicated by a kinematic model. A prior spherical-wrist method transits the singularity with limited joint rate and acceleration under a constant rate of tool traversal. Accurate position is maintained by controlling a small deviation in orientation. Extensions to the method for an offset wrist (1) find the least-maximum deviation, (2) identify and locate where a path reversal occurs, and (3) use this point to control step size in a high-order predictor-correction path following procedure.
Maternal mind-mindedness and communicative functions in free-play and mealtime contexts: Stability, continuity and relations with child language at 16 months
Authors: LONGOBARDI Emiddia , SPATARO Pietro , CALABRÒ Martina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present study aimed at investigating the contextual stability, the contextual continuity and the concurrent associations between maternal measures (general language, communicative functions and mind-mindedness) and child measures (total number of word types and tokens) in two different contexts, free-play and mealtime. To this purpose, the interactions occurring between 25 mothers and their 16-month-old children in each context were video-recorded, transcribed and later coded for the selected measures. Significant contextual stability was observed in the mothers’ production of general language measures (total number of utterances, total number of words and MLU), in the children's production of word types and tokens, and in some communicative functions (Tutorial, Control and Asynchronous). No contextual stability was found for the mothers’ production of attuned mind-related comments. For continuity, both mothers and children produced more utterances and words in the free-play than in the mealtime context; the production of attuned mind-related comments and the use of the Control function were also more frequent in the free-play context. Lastly, the analysis of the concurrent correlations indicated that, especially in the mealtime context, the number of words produced by children was positively associated with the number of words produced by mothers and by their use of the Tutorial and Didactic functions, but negatively associated with their use of the Control function. The mothers’ production of attuned mind-related comments bore no relation with children's expressive language. Similarities and differences with previous findings are discussed.
Two decades of experience on ablation in children with Ebstein’s anomaly
Authors: Karagöz Tevfik , Ertuğrul İlker , Aypar Ebru , Adıgüzel Aydın , Aykan Hayrettin Hakan , Şahin Murat , Yıldırım Baştuhan Işıl , Alehan Dursun , Çeliker Alpay 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroduction:Accessory pathways are commonly seen due to delamination of tricuspid valve leaflets. In addition to accessory pathways, an enlarged right atrium due to tricuspid regurgitation and incisional scars creates substrates for atrial re-entries and ectopic tachycardia. We sought to describe our experience with catheter ablation in children with Ebstein’s anomaly.Methods and results:During the study period, of 89 patients diagnosed with Ebstein’s anomaly, 26 (30.9%) of them who underwent 33 ablation procedures were included in the study. Accessory pathways were observed in the majority of procedures (n = 27), whereas atrial flutter was observed in five, atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia in five, and atrial tachycardia in two procedures. Accessory pathways were commonly localised in the right posteroseptal (n = 10 patients), right posterolateral (n = 14 patients), septal (n = two patients), and left posteroseptal (n = one patient) areas. Multiple accessory pathways and coexistent arrhythmia were observed in six procedures. All ablation attempts related to the accessory pathways were successful, but recurrence was observed in five (19%) of the ablations. Ablation for atrial flutter was performed in five patients; two of them were ablated successfully. One of the atrial tachycardia cases was ablated successfully.Conclusions:Ablation in patients with Ebstein’s anomaly is challenging, and due to nature of the disease, it is not a rare occasion in this group of patients. Ablation of accessory pathways has high success, but also relatively high recurrence rates, whereas ablation of atrial arrhythmias has lower success rates, especially in operated patients.
Effect of a theory-based educational intervention for enhancing nutrition and physical activity among Iranian women: a randomised control trial
Authors: Vahedian Shahroodi Mohammad , Tavakoly Sany Seyedeh Belin , Hosseini Khaboshan Zahra , Esmaeily Habibollah , Jafari Alireza , Tajfard Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:The relative contribution of health promotion models (HPM) to improve health-related behaviours in intervention programmes is still limited. Here, we tested whether Pender’s HPM operationalised in the educational intervention was effective to modify nutrition and physical activity (PA) behaviours among Iranian women.Design:A randomised controlled field trial evaluating the efficacy of an educational intervention based on Pender’s HPM to improve PA and nutrition behaviours from August 2016 to October 2016. R version 3.0.2 and SPSS version 16 were used to conduct multiple statistical analyses.Setting:Ten public healthcare centres in Bojnourd, Iran were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The experimental group received the full intervention programme, which included nine 4-h training sessions and consulting support via phone contact and social media group. The control group did not receive any intervention.Participants:Women aged 4–6 years (n 202) were randomised to intervention (n 102) and control conditions (n 100) and completed baseline and 3-month follow-up.Results:In the experimental group, the intervention programme had a significant effect (P < 0·05) on all construct of Pender’s HPM and behaviour outcome, and the estimates for prior behaviours, self-efficacy, interpersonal influences, feeling, perceived benefits and barriers, commitment and behaviour outcomes in the intervention group were 0·72 (95 % CI 0·31, 0·98), 0·54 (95 % CI 0·27, 0·71), 0·74 (95 % CI 0·27, 0·91), 0·52 (95 % CI 0·19, 0·75), 0·62 (95 % CI 0·22, 0·91), 0·63 (95 % CI 0·30, 0·86) and 0·56 (95 % CI 0·37, 0·85), respectively.Conclusions:Educational intervention based on Pender’s HPM was feasible and highly acceptable to modify PA and nutrition behaviours in the women population.
The prevalence of hazardous and harmful drinking in the UK Police Service, and their co-occurrence with job strain and mental health problems
Authors: Irizar P. , Gage S. H. , Field M. , Fallon V. , Goodwin L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsDue to the stressful nature of policing, police employees are at risk of mental health problems and problematic alcohol use. We aim to determine the prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use in the UK Police Service, and to explore the associations with job strain and mental health problems.MethodsCross-sectional data from the Airwave Health Monitoring Study (N= 40 986) included measures of alcohol consumption (total units in past week), mental health (depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) and job strain. The associations between mental health and job strain with alcohol consumption (i.e. abstinence, low-risk [<14 units per week, reference group], hazardous [>14 to 35 units for women, >14 to 50 units for men], harmful [>35 units for women, >50 units for men]), were analysed using multinomial logistic regressions, adjusting for potential confounders (i.e. age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, children under 18, income and smoking status).ResultsA total of 32.6% of police employees reported hazardous drinking, with 3.0% drinking at harmful levels. Compared to those without a mental health problem, police employees with depression, anxiety or PTSD were twice as likely to be harmful drinkers and were also 1.3 times more likely to report abstinence. Those reporting low strain (reference group) were more likely to drink hazardously compared to those reporting high strain, which was statistically moderated by mental health. When the sample was stratified by mental health status, the association between low strain (compared to all other categories) and hazardous drinking, was significant only in those without a mental health problem.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that police employees may be an occupational group at risk of alcohol harm, with one-third drinking hazardously. The J-shaped relationship between mental health and alcohol use highlights a need for an integration of mental health and alcohol services, tailored for the UK Police Service.
Magnetic Surveys With Unmanned Aerial Systems: Software for Assessing and Comparing the Accuracy of Different Sensor Systems, Suspension Designs and Compensation Methods
Authors: Kaub Leon , Keller Gordon , Bouligand Claire , Glen Jonathan M. G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA typical problem for magnetic surveys with small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) is the heading error caused by undesired magnetic signals that originate from the aircraft. This can be addressed by suspending the magnetometers on sufficiently long tethers. However, tethered payloads require skilled pilots and are difficult to fly safely. Alternatively, the magnetometer can be fixed on the aircraft. In this case, aircraft magnetic signals are removed from the recordings with a process referred to as magnetic compensation, which requires parameters estimated from calibration flights flown in an area with magnetically low‐gradients prior to the survey. We present open‐source software fully written in Python to process data and compute compensations for two fundamentally different magnetometer systems (scalar and vector). We used the software to compare the precision of two commercially available systems by flying dense grid patterns over a 135 × 150 m area using different suspension configurations. The accuracy of the magnetic recordings is assessed using both standard deviations of the calibration pattern and tie‐line cross‐over differences from the survey. After compensation, the vector magnetometer provides the lowest heading error. However, the magnetic field intensity recovered with this system is relative and needs to be adjusted with absolute data if absolute intensity values are needed. Overall, the highest accuracy of all suspension configurations tested was obtained by fixing the magnetometer 0.5 m below the sUAS onto a self‐built carbon‐fiber frame, which also offered greater stability and allowed fully autonomous flights in a wide range of conditions.