bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LA ‘GUERRA DE LAS TERRAZAS’: PRIVATIZACIÓN DEL ESPACIO PÚBLICO POR EL TURISMO EN SEVILLA Y BARCELONA
Authors: Elorrieta Sanz Berezi , García Martín Miguel , Cerdan Schwitzguébel Aurélie , Torres Delgado Anna 
Published: June 2021

La ocupación del espacio público para usos privados está generando crecientes conflictos en algunos destinos turísticos urbanos, donde las terrazas se han convertido en motivo de controversia. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar, de forma comparada, el marco regulador y la ocupación efectiva del espacio público por parte de las terrazas de veladores en zonas turísticas de Sevilla y Barcelona. Una combinación de análisis de contenido y trabajo de campo arroja unos resultados que muestran las limitaciones de las ordenanzas para evitar una elevada ocupación del espacio público, más acentuada en entramados urbanos densos, pero contenida en las áreas que cuentan con una ordenación específica.
The occupancy of public spaces for private purposes is causing increasing conflicts in several urban tourist destinations. Concretely, sidewalk cafes (which basically consist of tables and chairs) have become a matter of controversy. This research aims to compare both legal framework and factual occupancy concerning sidewalk cafes in urban tourist areas of two Spanish cities (Seville and Barcelona). Content analysis of the legal framework and fieldwork have been the main methods used. Results point to the limited capacity of city ordinances to restrain the increasing occupancy of public space. This phenomenon is more significant in the high-density areas of city centres but it is tempered in those areas where there is a specific regulation.
DE LOS ORÍGENES DE UN URBANISMO PARA EL OCIO A LA INVENCIÓN DEL VERANO: APROXIMACIÓN A UN ANÁLISIS DE LOS TIEMPOS DE OCIO DURANTE EL PROCESO DE INDUSTRIALIZACIÓN EN ELCHE, 1884-1906
Authors: Monge Juárez Mariano 
Published: June 2021

El proceso de industrialización en Elche durante los años finales del siglo XIX (1884-1906) implica la transformación radical de las formas de vida y la aparición de la burguesía y el proletariado. Estos grupos sociales necesitan nuevos modos de ocio: el Ayuntamiento patrocina la creación de nuevos espacios urbanos de recreo, proliferan cafés, teatros.
El verano tiene un nuevo valor porque obreros y fabricantes se desplazan a las playas de Santa Pola durante el mes de agosto. Esta es la práctica que entendemos como invención del verano, una categoría sustancial de la construcción de la sociedad contemporánea.
The industrialization process in Elche during the final years of the 19th century (1884-1906) implies the radical transformation of life forms and the emergence of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. These social groups need new leisure modes: the City Council sponsors the creation of new urban recreational spaces, coffee shops, theaters proliferate.
Summer has a new value because workers and owners move to the beaches of Santa Pola during the month of August. This is the practice that we understand as the “invention of summer”, a substantial category of the construction of contemporary society.
NUEVOS PLANTEAMIENTOS EN LA DOCENCIA UNIVERSITARIA EN TURISMO: PROPUESTA DIDÁCTICA PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LOS RECURSOS TERRITORIALES TURÍSTICOS
Authors: Garzón García Rafael , Florido Trujillo Gema 
Published: June 2021

Se plantea un proyecto didáctico para la asignatura de Recursos Territoriales Turísticos, considerada como clave en el estudio universitario de la dimensión geográfica del fenómeno turístico. El trabajo toma en consideración la realidad existente a este respecto en el sistema universitario español, caracterizada por una evidente heterogeneidad. Se ofrece una propuesta en pro de la deseable clarificación, a partir de lo cual se detalla el desarrollo conceptual y metodológico de la asignatura, desde una perspectiva eminentemente pragmática y aplicada, en aras de la mejora docente.
A didactic plan is proposed for Territorial Tourism Resources, considered as a key subject for the university study of the geographical dimension of tourism. The study takes into account the reality in this regard in the Spanish university system, characterized by an obvious heterogeneity. A proposal for the desirable clarification is offered, from which the conceptual and methodological development of the subject is detailed, from an eminently pragmatic and applied perspective, for the sake of teaching improvement.
The Rhetoric of Foreign Aid and the Need for International Trade: Challenges and Possibilities for Developing Nations. A Critical Perspective
Authors: Samuel Umaru Tsaku 
Published: June 2021

This paper attempts to critically examine foreign aids by donor nations and agencies to the developing nations, and at the same time, examine international trade to show that the latter is better off. The study utilized dependency theory of underdevelopment to analyze why foreign aids have not being a spring board for development in developing nations. The paper found out that foreign aids over the years have not engendered development because of the conditionalities attached to such aids which come in the form of grants, loans, assistance etc. These further keep developing nations down as it is difficult to find examples of unequivocal success from receipt of official foreign aids. The reasons are not far-fetched. Since the 1940’s when official foreign aids started flowing, the motive seems to satisfy the donor interests and has little or nothing to do with egalitarian development and poverty reduction in developing nations. In view of this, international trade is far better to the developing nations, and same should be encouraged despite their disadvantaged position in global capitalist equation. The paper concluded that despite the fact that globalization and neo-liberalism favour the owners of big Corporations, mostly in advanced countries of the world, developing countries can still make some gains from international trade by looking inwards, rather than relying on foreign aids which have not been contributing in alleviating poverty and inequalities, but used to reward military and political allies and to promote private enterprise and unequal free trade.
Relation between Shock Index, Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Outcomes in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Sharban Mohamed Salama , Alaarag Ahmed Farouk , Elsaidy Mona Adel , El-Masry Magdy Mohamed 
Published: June 2021

Background: Coronary artery disease is considered a major cause of death in both male and female subjects in the developed world and carries a risk of several complications.
Multiple scores have been developed in order to set risk stratification and predict the outcomes for ischemic patients. Another scores have been developed in order to assess the severity of the coronary arteries lesions.
Methods: The prospective cross sectional cohort study included 68 consecutive patients with STEMI; they were divided into two groups based on the shock index at presentation. Group A: included 43 patients with SI ˂0.7. Group B: included 25 patients with SI ˃ 0.7. All participants were subjected to trans-thoracic echocardiography, PPCI, SYNTAX score calculation and follow up during the hospitalization period.
Results: There was a significant myocardial damage in group B supported by the reduced LVEF and elevated serum troponin at presentation. There was a significant more coronary artery lesion severity in group B as assessed by the SYNTAX score. As regard in-hospital outcomes, patients in group B had the worst outcomes during the hospitalization period.
Conclusions: Shock index is a useful and quick tool to predict the severity of the underling coronary artery disease and correlate with the SYNTAX score in patients with STEMI. Shock index is a good indicator of the hemodynamics and the extent of myocardial damage. Shock index is a quick bedside tool with a good prediction value for the in-hospital outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI.
Histone demethylase KDM6B inhibits breast cancer metastasis by regulating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Xun Jing , Gao Ruifang , Wang Botao , Li Yifan , Ma Yuan , Guan Jun , Zhang Qi 
Published: June 2021

Tumor metastasis remains a major challenge for patients with breast cancer. Aberrant epigenetic factor lysine‐specific demethylase 6B (KDM6B) has been associated with tumor progression. Here, we show that KDM6B is significantly down‐regulated in human breast cancer tissues, and its low expression is associated with poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, overexpression of KDM6B remarkably inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers of breast cancer cells in vitro and tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Notably, the expression of KDM6B in breast cancer tissues was negatively correlated with that of β‐catenin, and overexpression of KDM6B decreased the expression of β‐catenin and its accumulation in the nucleus of breast cancer cells. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into suppression of metastasis of breast cancer cells by KDM6B via β‐catenin and suggest involvement of the KDM6B‐Wnt/β‐catenin axis in breast cancer progression.
In Situ Embedding Synthesis of Highly Stable CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5@PbBr(OH) Nano/Microspheres through Water Assisted Strategy
Authors: Du Kaimin , He Lingjun , Song Shuyan , Feng Jing , Li Yao , Zhang Manli , Li Huwei , Li Chengyu , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe disappointing stability of perovskites, especially in water, remains a key issue hindering their further commercialization. Here, CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5@PbBr(OH) (PQDs@PbBr(OH)) nano/microspheres with superior stability and outstanding photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY, ≈98%) are fabricated through a water‐assisted process. The nano/microspheres can maintain excellent photoluminescence (PL) intensity and high PLQY (≈90%) when immersed in water for more than 18 months. By changing the water content in the reaction mixture, the phase, particle size, and PL peaks of the nano/microspheres will change. Compared with CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystals synthesized without water, PQDs@PbBr(OH) nano/microspheres exhibit better thermal stability, photostability, and superior stability in water. Based on the first‐principles calculations, the enhanced stability results from PbBr(OH) with high decomposition enthalpy in water, which can effectively prevent water from contacting PQDs embedded in it. Moreover, white light‐emitting diodes are fabricated by mixing green‐emitting PQDs@PbBr(OH) powder and K2SiF6:Mn4+ (KSF) red phosphor on a 460 nm blue chip and the device shows a high luminous efficacy of 101.27 lm W−1 at 10 mA. This work not only provides a reliable method for the facile preparation of ultrastable perovskites, but also has great potentials for future practical applications.
A Novel Nanobody–Photosensitizer Conjugate for Hypoxia Resistant Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Xiong Tao , Peng Qiang , Chen Yingchao , Li Mingle , Du Jianjun , Fan Jiangli , Jia Lingyun , Peng Xiaojun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs a non‐invasive treatment modality, photodynamic therapy has been a potential therapeutic method for metastatic and non‐metastatic tumors. In order to further improve the tumor selectivity, phtotoimmunotherapy (PIT) has been developed recently, which includes antibodies as the active targeting ligands. However, traditional monoclonal antibody‐based PIT suffers from long half‐lives and extended phototoxic side‐effects in vivo. Herein, a type I mechanism‐based photoimmunoconjugate (PIC) is developed by incorporating anti‐EGFR nanobody as the targeting ligand, and benzophenothiazine as the photosensitizer (PS). The small size and robust structure of the nanobody ensures excellent targeting accuracy and efficient renal excretion. Meanwhile, the type I PS is able to circularly transfer oxygen to superoxide radical upon irradiation to overcome hypoxia microenvironment. The PIC showed satisfying phototherapeutic ability both in normoxia and hypoxia, and displayed high selectivity towards tumor in vivo. By combining nanobody and Type I PS, the work presents a novel type of PIC for the precise treatment of tumors with high specificity and potency.
Thermochemotherapy Meets Tissue Engineering for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Authors: Gang Fangli , Zhang Qin , Jiang Le , Xiao Yi , Xu Nan , Wang Yanling , Xiao Yao , Li Aijuan , Liu Ziyu , Liu Bo , Wu Yanglin , Su Xinlin , Perkins Alexander Go , Wu Qiong , Zhang Jiwen , Lin Jun , Sun Xiaodan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that progresses from inflammation to cartilage destruction. Inspired by the similar characteristics of inflammatory granulation tissue to those of tumors, the newly emerged tumor therapy called thermochemotherapy is proposed to treat RA. Meanwhile, the repair of cartilage injury via tissue engineering is paid attention simultaneously. A first‐line antirheumatic drug (MTX; methotrexate) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) are loaded in nano‐Fe3O4 composite chitosan‐polyolefin to construct a multifunctional hydrogel (DN‐Fe‐MTX‐TGFβ1). The mechanical properties of the hydrogel are equivalent to that of articular cartilage to guarantee its role as a scaffold. A long‐term release ability and the magnetocaloric properties of the hydrogel assure its effect to provide sustained local thermochemotherapy. The effective ability of the hydrogel for both anti‐inflammation and cartilage repair is demonstrated. This work indicates a promising way to combine thermochemotherapy and tissue engineering for the effective treatment of RA for the first time.
The Neuroprotective Effect of MicroRNA‐22‐3p Modified Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids on Damaged Retinal Neurons Via TrkB/BDNF Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Jiajie , Xiao Lirong , Yan Naihong , Li Yanjing , Wang Yun , Qin Xin , Zhao Dan , Liu Mengting , Li Ni , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGlaucoma is the world's leading irreversible cause of blindness. It is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss and axon damage, and there is no effective prevention or treatment so far. In this study, tetrahedral frame nucleic acids (tFNAs) with various biological functions are selected as the carrier, and microRNA‐22‐3p (miR‐22) are modified by attaching them onto tFNAs to synthesize a novel DNA nanocomplex (tFNAs‐miR22). Relevant results show that tFNAs can efficiently transfer miR‐22 into damaged retinal neurons to impose a neuroprotective effect on glaucoma. More interestingly, a certain synergism between tFNAs and miR‐22 is shown. tFNAs‐miR22 can selectively activate tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) and regulate the TrkB‐brain‐derived growth factor (BDNF) signaling pathway to restore the expression of BDNF on the models of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA)‐induced glaucoma in vivo and in vitro, thus exerting the neuroprotective effect on retinal neurons. This study shows the successfully establishment of a simple but effective delivery system of microRNAs associated with glaucoma treatment, which may be a promising neuroprotective agent for future treatment of this optic neurodegenerative disease.
Diamond in the Rough: Toward Improved Materials for the Bone−Implant Interface
Authors: Fong Jessica S. L. , Booth Marsilea A. , Rifai Aaqil , Fox Kate , Gelmi Amy 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe ability of an orthopedic implant to integrate successfully with the surrounding bone tissue is imperative for optimal patient outcomes. Here, the recent advances and future prospects for diamond‐based coatings of conventional osteo‐implant materials (primarily titanium) are explored. The ability of these diamond coatings to enhance integration into existing bone, improved implant mechanical properties, facilitate surface chemical functionalization, and provide anti‐microbial properties are discussed in context of orthopedic implants. These diamond‐based materials may have the additional benefit of providing an osteo‐inductive effect, enabling better integration into existing bone via stem cell recruitment and bone regeneration. Current and timely research is highlighted to support the discussion and suggestions in further improving implant integration via an osseoinductive effect from the diamond composite materials.
Acidity‐Activatable Dynamic Nanoparticles Boosting Ferroptotic Cell Death for Immunotherapy of Cancer
Authors: Song Rundi , Li Tianliang , Ye Jiayi , Sun Fang , Hou Bo , Saeed Madiha , Gao Jing , Wang Yingjie , Zhu Qiwen , Xu Zhiai , Yu Haijun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImmunotherapy shows promising therapeutic potential for long‐term tumor regression. However, current cancer immunotherapy displays a low response rate due to insufficient immunogenicity of the tumor cells. To address these challenges, herein, intracellular‐acidity‐activatable dynamic nanoparticles for eliciting immunogenicity by inducing ferroptosis of the tumor cells are engineered. The nanoparticles are engineered by integrating an ionizable block copolymer and acid‐liable phenylboronate ester (PBE) dynamic covalent bonds for tumor‐specific delivery of the ferroptosis inducer, a glutathione peroxidase 4 inhibitor RSL‐3. The nanoparticles can stably encapsulate RSL‐3 inside the hydrophobic core via π–π stacking interaction with the PBE groups at neutral pH (pH = 7.4), while releasing the payload in the endocytic vesicles (pH = 5.8–6.2) by acidity‐triggered cleavage of the PBE dynamic covalent bonds. Furthermore, the nanoparticles can perform acid‐activatable photodynamic therapy by protonation of the ionizable core, and significantly recruit tumor‐infiltrating T lymphocytes for interferon gamma secretion, and thus sensitize the tumor cells to RSL‐3‐inducible ferroptosis. The combination of nanoparticle‐induced ferroptosis and blockade of programmed death ligand 1 efficiently inhibits growth of B16‐F10 melanoma tumor and lung metastasis of 4T1 breast tumors, suggesting the promising potential of ferroptosis induction for promoting cancer immunotherapy.
Stretchable and Soft Electroadhesion Using Liquid‐Metal Subsurface Microelectrodes
Authors: Park Sungjune , Shintake Jun , Piskarev Yegor , Wei Yuwen , Joshipura Ishan , Frey Ethan , Neumann Taylor , Floreano Dario , Dickey Michael D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElectroadhesion is an attractive mechanism to electrically modulate adhesion to surfaces. Electroadhesion arises from the interaction of electric fields with conductive or dielectric materials. Electroadhesion devices consist of in‐plane, interdigitated electrodes that generate out‐of‐plane electric fields, which increase adhesion with target surfaces. To date, these electrodes have predominantly been composed of carbonaceous materials. Here, liquid metal is utilized to create the electrodes in silicone substrates. Liquid metal can be patterned in a variety of unique ways, including microfluidic injection, spray deposition, or printing. These electrodes have nearly unlimited deformation in soft and stretchable substrates while maintaining metallic conductivity. The experimental results show that stretching improves electroadhesion performance due to the changes in geometry of the electrodes and insulation layer, whose behaviors are theoretically predictable. The use of liquid‐filled, sub‐surface microchannels can help to maintain contact between the elastomer and substrate during peeling due to the surface stresses caused by the capillary pressure. This approach to electroadhesion can be implemented in ultra‐stretchable and soft substrates, including those used in soft robotics, due to the inherently compliant and deformable electrical conductivity of the liquid metal electrodes.
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation and Depression Symptoms in Adults From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Holmgren Jennifer L. , Carlson Jordan A. , Gallo Linda C. , Doede Aubrey L. , Jankowska Marta M. , Sallis James F. , Perreira Krista M. , Andersson Lena M.C. , Talavera Gregory A. , Castaneda Sheila F. , Garcia Melawhy L. , Allison Matthew A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSocioeconomic factors appear to impact mental health conditions such as depression, but little is known about the relative and combined role of neighborhood and personal socioeconomic deprivation among Hispanics/Latinos. This study examined cross‐sectional associations of neighborhood and personal socioeconomic deprivation with depression symptoms in a US Hispanic/Latino population from the San Diego Field Center of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (n = 3,851). Depression symptoms were assessed with the ten‐item Centers for Epidemiological Studies in Depression Scale. Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was a composite of eleven variables (e.g., neighborhood income, education, employment, household crowding). Greater personal socioeconomic deprivation based on education, income, and employment was generally associated with higher depression symptoms, including after adjusting for neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation. Greater neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was associated with higher depression symptoms in females but not males, but the association in females became non‐significant when adjusting for personal socioeconomic deprivation. Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation did not significantly interact with personal socioeconomic deprivation in relation to depression symptoms. The present findings support the association of personal socioeconomic status with mental health (indicated by depression symptoms) among Hispanic/Latino populations, whereas neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation did not relate to depression beyond the impact of personal indicators.
Donepezil hydrochloride as a novel inducer for osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on PLLA scaffolds in vitro
Authors: Soraya Zahra , Ghollasi Marzieh , Halabian Raheleh , Eftekhari Elahe , Tabasi Amin , Salimi Ali 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOver the past decades, bone defects caused by illness or trauma have been the most common traumatic injuries in humans and treatment of orthopedic infections has always been a serious challenge to experts in the world. In this project, poly L‐lactic acid (PLLA) nanofibrous scaffolds were synthesized as a nontoxic, eco‐friendly, and cost‐effective scaffold by the electrospinning technique. Then, the impact of PLLA on the cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was assayed in the presence and absence of donepezil hydrochloride (DH) which was prescribed in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Also, hMSCs were seeded on PLLA scaffold in the presence (PLLA‐DH) and absence of 1 μg mL‐1of DH under osteogenic induction media. Osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was assessed by specific bone‐related tests including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin red and von Kossa staining, calcium content assay. Also, Osteocalcin and osteopontin were evaluated as osteogenic proteins as well as ALP, osteonectin, osteocalcin, collagen type I (Col‐I) and Runx2 as osteogenic genes via immunocytochemistry (ICC) and Real‐time PCR analyses. The obtained data showed the higher ALP enzyme activity and biomineralization, more intensity during von Kossa staining as well as the increase in the expression rate of osteogenic related gene and protein markers in differentiated hMSCs on PLLA‐DH. In conclusion, the present study revealed that the combination of PLLA scaffold with DH provides a scope to develop a suitable matrix in bone tissue engineering applications.