bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical ethical challenges and moral distress among staff in a hospital COVID‐19 screening service
Authors: Drewett George P , Gibney Grace , Ko Danielle 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has led to unprecedented disruptions to established models of healthcare and healthcare delivery, creating a host of new ethical challenges for healthcare institutions, their leadership and their staff. Hospitals and other large organisations have an obligation to understand and recognise the downstream effects that highly unusual situations and professionally demanding policy may have on workers tasked with its implementation, in order to institute risk‐mitigation strategies and provide additional support where required. In our experience, targeted ethics‐based forums that provide a non‐confrontational platform to discuss and explore the ethical dilemmas that may have arisen have been well received, and can also serve as useful and immediate feedback mechanisms to managers and leadership. Using two case illustrations, this article examines some of the ethical challenges and dilemmas faced by these staff, based on discussions of shared experience during a clinical ethics forum for the Screening Clinic staff at Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria.
Influence of post‐synthesis NaCl flux treatment on the magnetic properties of jet‐milled SrFe12O19 powders
Authors: Mocherla Pavana S. V. , Ganesan Priya , Prabhu D. , Hebalkar Neha Y. , Gopalan R. , Varadaraju U. V. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA post‐synthesis NaCl flux treatment was carried out on jet‐milled strontium hexaferrite, SrFe12O19 powders prepared by conventional high‐temperature solidstate reaction starting from SrCO3 and Fe2O3. Microstructural studies reveal that the adverse effects of jet‐milling on the particle morphology like jagged edges and ruptured surfaces have been effectively mitigated by annealing at elevated temperatures in the presence of molten NaCl flux. The coercivity values obtained from angle‐dependent M versus H measurements revealed that the coercivity mechanism in the jet‐milled powders is dominated by reverse nucleation due to the strain induced during milling. Annealing the powders in presence of NaCl flux changes the coercivity mechanism to exclusively domain rotation. This results in a dramatic increase of coercivity from 1.6 kOe for the jet‐milled powders to a maximum of 5.3 kOe for the flux‐annealed powders. XPS studies show that the NaCl flux treatment has not altered the chemical state of Fe.
LincRNA‐p21 alleviates atherosclerosis progression through regulating the miR‐221/SIRT1/Pcsk9 axis
Authors: Wang Haojie , He Fei , Liang Bing , Jing Yuanhu , Zhang Pei , Liu Weichao , Zhu Bowen , Dou Dongmei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAtherosclerosis (AS) is the main aetiology of coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and peripheral vascular disease in humans. Long‐noncoding RNA (LincRNA)‐p21 has been reported to participate in the development of AS. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the mechanism of LincRNA‐p21 on suppressing the development of AS. We fed ApoE−/− mice with a high‐fat diet to induce an AS mouse model where the lesion area of AS and the extent of lipid deposition were measured. The binding of LincRNA‐p21 and miR‐221 or miR‐221 and SIRT1 was measured using a dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP. Following loss‐ and gain‐ function assays, CCK8, EdU, Transwell assay and scratch test were performed to determine the biological processes of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). miR‐221 was highly expressed while SIRT1 was poorly expressed in AS. LincRNA‐p21 acted as a sponge for miR‐221. miR‐221 targeted and negatively regulated the expression of SIRT1. LincRNA‐p21 promoted the deacetylation of Pcsk9 by SIRT1 by competitively binding to miR‐221, whereby promoting HAEC proliferation, migration and tube formation. In conclusion, LincRNA‐p21 acted as a molecular sponge for miR‐221 to promote deacetylation of the promoter region of Pcsk9 by SIRT1, therefore preventing the development of AS.
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa: a new case series of a rare phenotype unveils skewed Th2 immunity
Authors: Darbord D. , Hickman G. , Pironon N. , Barbieux C. , Bonnet‐des‐Claustres M. , Titeux M. , Miskinyte S. , Cordoliani F. , Vignon‐Pennamen M.D. , Amode R. , Hovnanian A. , Bourrat E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa (DEB‐Pr) is a rare subtype of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa, with a poorly understood pathogenesis and no satisfactory treatment.ObjectivesTo assess the clinical and biological features, genetic basis and therapeutic management, to better characterize this rare genodermatosis.MethodsWe have conducted a retrospective study, reviewing the clinical presentation, genetic diagnosis, immunohistopathological findings and biological characteristics and management of patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa. This study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology at Saint‐Louis Hospital and the Department of Genetics at Necker Hospital (Paris, France). All patients with a diagnosis of DEB‐Pr seen between 2010 and 2020 were included.ResultsSeven patients were included, the average age of 50.1 years [range 36–76]. Pruriginous‐lichenified papules, plaques or nodules appeared at 27.6 years on average [range 7–66] on pretibial areas and forearms, associated with milia and toenails dystrophy. All patients received multiple treatments, but none could sustainably reduce pruritus. Immunohistopathological analysis of lesion skin revealed subepidermal blister with fibrosis, milia and mast cell infiltration. Serum TNFα, IL1β and IL6 levels were elevated in 2/6 patients. Total serum IgE levels were increased in 7/7 patients, with no history of atopy. Immunophenotyping of circulating T‐cells revealed an increased Th2 subset in 4/4 patients, with reduced Th1 and Th17 subpopulations. Genetic analysis of COL7A1 identified 7 distinct causative mutations, six of which were new. Intra‐familial clinical variability was documented in 5/7 patients and was associated with the co‐inheritance of a recessive COL7A1 mutation or an FLG2 mutation in 2 families.ConclusionOur study confirms the stereotyped presentation of DEB‐Pr with large intra‐familial variability in disease expression. Mast cell infiltration, elevated IgE and increased Th2 subset without atopy strongly support a role of Th2‐mediated immunity in DEB‐Pr, and further argue for new targeted therapeutic options such as dupilumab.
Supply chain technology spillover, customer concentration, and product invention
Authors: Hsu Po‐Hsuan , Hui Hai‐Ping , Lee Hsiao‐Hui , Tseng Kevin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUsing a panel of approximately 1670 US technology‐intensive supplier firms during the period 2001–2013, we find that the number and value of new products of a supplier firm are positively related to technology spillover it receives from its supply chain partners (i.e., buyer firms). However, this positive relation is negatively related to customer concentration, which may be attributed to the supplier firm's narrowed technology search scope. Our empirical evidence suggests that although a supplier firm may benefit from a “learning by supplying” relation in a supply chain, it is also subject to a “locked‐in” issue. On the other hand, we also find that the number and value of new brands of a supplier firm are negatively related to technology spillover when it relies on a more concentrated group of customers.
Warming and eutrophication effects on the phytoplankton communities of two tropical water systems of different trophic states: An experimental approach
Authors: Gomes Andreia Maria da Anunciação , Marinho Marcelo Manzi , Berjante Mesquita Marcella Coelho , Prestes Ana Carolina Coelho , Lürling Miquel , Azevedo Sandra M. F. O. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBoth global warming and eutrophication are predicted to promote cyanobacterial blooms. At the same time, how tropical phytoplankton communities exhibiting different trophic state systems will respond to temperature variations is less clear. To investigate the effects of temperature changes and nutrient additions on phytoplankton communities, and gain insights regarding possible resistance to these effects, the present study focused on testing the hypothesis that temperature variations and nutrient additions will have a stronger effect on cyanobacteria dominance in eutrophic water system than in oligo‐mesotrophic water systems. Experiments were conducted with phytoplankton communities from two aquatic ecosystems exhibiting different trophic states. To this end, water samples from a eutrophic and oligo‐mesotrophic system were collected and incubated at 25 and 30ºC. Samples receiving additional surplus nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs were included to serve as eutrophication treatments. The study results indicated that temperature variations alone did not promote cyanobacteria in water from either the oligo‐mesotrophic or eutrophic water system. However, nutrient enrichment of the water from the eutrophic system significantly boosted the cyanobacteria, with the biomass increasing by factor of 10 for both the 25°C and 30°C treatments. In contrast, eutrophication of the water from the oligo‐mesotrophic system did not change the relative contribution of phytoplankton groups, with the response ratios being much lower than those for the water from the eutrophic system. Although based on a simple experimental design, the results of the present study suggest that cyanobacteria dominance is favoured by further nutrient additions for eutrophic water systems, independently of any direct temperature effects, and that more pristine environments possess some resistance against eutrophication effects. Since global warming is assumed to indirectly intensify eutrophication symptoms, the results of the present study underscore the importance of nutrient control.
Occurrence of the genusMonhystrella (Nematoda: Monhysteridae) in continental aquatic reservoirs and first description of the male of Monhystrella hoogewijsi
Authors: Lucena Bruna Kelly Pinheiro , da Silva Maria Cristina , Manoel Alex , de Castro Francisco José Victor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe order Monhysterida is highly important to freshwater environments, containing a number of genera noted for their ability to endure extreme environmental conditions, such as those found in semi‐arid regions. The genus Monhystrella is often cited in references to these regions. The present study was performed in six reservoirs in a semi‐arid region of Brazil, employing collection and identification techniques commonly used for the phylum Nematoda. Sixteen genera pertaining to the phylum were detected, although only Monhystrella was found in all the reservoirs, with a monospecific population of Monhystrella hoogewijsi identified in Olivedos Reservoir. The present study contains the first record of this genus and species in Brazil, as well as the first‐ever description of the male of the species. The main morphometric variations were a longer tail and smaller amphidial fovea of females from the Brazilian semi‐arid region. The differences in morphometric measurements and the description of the male specimen expand current descriptions and levels of knowledge regarding this species.
Study of phytoplankton flora and its use as a biomonitoring tool to determine the water quality of Krishnasayar Lake, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
Authors: Pore Sudhrita , Ghosh Subhabrata , Zalat Abdelfattah Ali , Keshri Jai Prakash 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study focused on biomonitoring approaches involving the phytoplankton composition, density and diversity, and their relationships, with changes in environmental variables, and to determine the pollution status of Krishnasayar Lake in the Burdwan District of West Bengal, India. A total of 29 phytoplankton taxa belonging to Chlorophyceae (13), Cyanophyceae (9), Bacillariophyceae (5) and Euglenophyceae (2) were observed. The phytoplankton density exhibited a maximum value of 12,633 cells/litre in the post‐monsoon season and a minimum value of 7,266 cells/litre in the pre‐monsoon season. The results of two multivariate proficiencies (cluster analysis; CCA) indicated the distribution of phytoplankton groups are influenced by pH, electrical conductivity, and the nitrate, phosphate, potassium and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Various diversity indices, including the Shannon–Wiener Diversity Index, Gleason Species Richness Index, Pielou Evenness Index and Naughton Dominance Index, were explored to illustrate the seasonal phytoplankton fluctuations. The Shannon–Wiener Diversity Index values (2.524, 2.331 and 2.666, respectively, for the pre‐monsoon, monsoon and post‐monsoon seasons) indicate the moderation level of pollution status of the lake. The present study also highlights biomonitoring is a reasonable technique for establishing ecological conditions of lakes by considering the organisms within them, including planktonic algae, macrophytes, benthic macroinvertebrates, crustaceans and fishes on the basis of a single indicator species or a combination thereof. The present study used planktonic algae to determine changes in surrounding environmental conditions. As some of the studied phytoplankton species exhibit specific ecological preferences, their presence can indicate the health of that system. As examples, Coelastrum microporum, Pandorina morum and Euglena viridis indicate high levels of organic pollution. Krishnasayar Lake is integrated with the Krishnasayar ecological park, being affected by large levels of anthropogenic disturbance attributable mostly to uncontrolled and careless activities of some visitors, annual cultural activities, other programmes, etc., meaning relevant management activities are needed to protect the lake from further degradation.
Littoral zooplankton diversity in Himayat Sagar Reservoir, Telangana, India
Authors: Karuthapandi Madasamy , Jaiswal Deepa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study investigated zooplankton composition and diversity, along with physicochemical parameters from the littoral regions of Himayat Sagar Reservoir, Telangana, India. A total of 84 zooplankton species were found, including 60 rotifer species, 16 cladoceran species and eight copepod species. Keratella tropica, Lecane bulla, Coronatella rectangula and Mesocyclops sp. were observed frequently throught the study period. The Shannon Diversity Index ranged between H′ = 1.8 and 2.1, with a high diversity observed during the summer season. Dominance was greater during the monsoon and winter seasons, being represented by Brachionus calyciflorus, B. angularis, B. falcatus, Keratella tropica, Ceriodaphnia cornuta, Diaphanosoma sarsi and Mesocyclops sp. Correlation coefficients and principal component analysis indicated temperature, pH and nutrients had a major influence on zooplankton community changes in this reservoir. The environmental variables and diversity indices indicated seasonally fluctuating trophic conditions. Himayat Sagar Reservoir requires long‐term monitoring for assessment and better management of its faunal diversity and water quality.
A GIS‐based approach for delineating suitable areas for cage fish culture in a lake
Authors: Mulanda Aura Christopher , Musa Safina , Nyamweya Chrisphine S. , Ogari Zachary , Njiru James M. , Hamilton Stuart E. , May Linda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe present a GIS‐based approach to the delineation of areas that have different levels of suitability for use as tilapia cage culture sites the Kenyan part of Lake Victoria, Africa. The study area was 4,100 km2. The method uses high‐resolution bathymetric data, newly collected water quality data from all major fishing grounds and cage culture sites, and existing spatial information from previous studies. The parameters considered are water depth, water temperature, levels of dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll‐aconcentrations, distances to the lake shoreline and proximity to other constraints on cage culture development. The results indicated that the area most suitable for fish cages comprised about 362 km2, or approximately 9% of the total area; the remaining 91% (i.e., 3,737 km2) was found to be unsuitable for tilapia cage culture. We conclude that the successful implementation of this approach would need stakeholder involvement in the validation and approval of potential sites, and in the incorporation of lake zoning into spatial planning policy and the regulations that support sustainable use while minimising resource use conflicts. The results of this study have broader applicability to the whole of Lake Victoria, other African Great Lakes, and any lakes in the world where tilapia cage culture already occurs or may occur in the future.
Is siltation affecting the limnology and gradually eroding the functions of Agba reservoir, Ilorin, Nigeria?—An old tropical African drinking water reservoir
Authors: Mustapha Moshood Keke , Abodunrin Ibukunoluwa Adesola 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSiltation changes the limnological properties of water and is the most challenging of all reservoir problems. It impairs water quality, quantity and fauna assemblages, thereby eroding the functions of a reservoir. Siltation in Agba reservoir, Ilorin, Nigeria, was assessed using various physicochemical and biotic parameters. There was significant reduction (p < .05) in depth compared with original depth of the reservoir. Transparency was low, and turbidity was high especially during the rainy season; pH was slightly alkaline and water hardness is soft. Alkalinity ranged between 88 and 90 mg/L, nitrate and nitrite were low, and sulphate was high. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) varied between 4.73–5.08 mg/L and 2.25–2.40 mg/L, while electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids ranged between 62.19and 62.72 µS/cm and 41.68 and 42.02 mg/L, respectively. Significant (p < .05) negative correlations were recorded between turbidity and transparency, turbidity and DO, while significant (p < .05) positive correlations were found between turbidity and BOD, turbidity and sulphate. Phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish assemblages were few with only 12 genera of phytoplankton, 10 genera of zooplankton and six species of fish recorded. Siltation of the reservoir was due to anthropogenic activities in the watershed, which gave rise to high turbidity, low transparency, reduction in depth and storage capacity. Low species assemblages of phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish were due to siltation in the reservoir. Siltation is gradually eroding the aesthetic value, tourism, drinking and fisheries functions of the reservoir and in a few years, if not controlled, the reservoir could be turned into a marsh. Siltation in the reservoir can be controlled through watershed management by soil erosion control, stopping anthropogenic activities which bring in sediments, bypassing the reservoir to create sediment basin or dike, sluicing, dredging, flushing, excavation and hydrosuction. If all these management fail, it will be appropriate to decommission the reservoir.
Constraints on the petrologic history of gabbroic shergottite Northwest Africa 6963 from pyroxene zoning profiles and electron backscattered diffraction
Authors: Wenzel Andrea , Filiberto Justin , Stephen Natasha , Schwenzer Susanne P. , Hammond Samantha J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNorthwest Africa 6963 (NWA 6963) is a coarse‐grained, gabbroic Martian meteorite that further extends our Martian sample collection, both compositionally and texturally. Gabbroic shergottite NWA 6963 provides direct petrologic evidence of intrusive igneous conditions within the Martian crust. Here, we analyzed geochemical zoning profiles and microstructural‐crystallographic information from electron backscattered diffraction of augite and pigeonite to constrain the crystallization history of NWA 6963. Compositional zoning profiles reveal pyroxenes with augite or pigeonite cores mantled by Fe‐rich pigeonite rims. Our results suggest complex pyroxene textures and zoning profiles observed in pyroxenes in NWA 6963 are due to pyroxene accumulation from a crystallizing magma in a large intrusive environment (sill or magma chamber); however, without geologic context or companion samples, it is currently impossible to rule out accumulation at the base of a very large (>>100 m) differentiated flow.
Assessment of dietary habits in inflammatory bowel disease patients: A cross‐sectional study from Poland
Authors: Sienkiewicz Michał , Szymańska Patrycja , Maciejewska Oliwia , Niewiadomska Justyna , Wiśniewska‐Jarosińska Maria , Fichna Jakub 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a negative impact on patients’ quality of life and affects their dietary habits. In this cross‐sectional study, we focused on the overall variety of food products consumed by IBD patients compared to a group of age‐ and sex‐matched controls; we also investigated the self‐reported, most frequently consumed and most avoided foods in relation to anticipated aggravation of IBD symptoms. We recruited 73 IBD patients from Lodz, Poland (56% with Crohn's disease [CD], 44% with ulcerative colitis [UC]); average duration of IBD 118 ± 78 months and 103 healthy volunteers aged 13–59 years, of whom 52 (72% female, 28% male) and 76 (65% female and 35% male), respectively, were enrolled for further analysis. Using a 186‐item food frequency questionnaire, we found that the overall reported frequency of food products consumed was lower in IBD patients than in the controls. Patients with IBD reported eating fruits (median: 1.33 vs. 1.86, p = 0.003), vegetables (1.22 vs. 2.06, p < 0.001), wholegrain products (0.63 vs. 1.25, p < 0.001), eggs (1.52 vs. 2.11, p < 0.001), milk and dairy products (1.06 vs. 1.81, p < 0.001), plant oils (1.17 vs. 1.49, p = 0.043), nuts and seeds (0.75 vs. 1.47, p < 0.001), spicy foods (0.81 vs. 1.68, p < 0.001) and confectionery products (1.67 vs. 2.20, p = 0.013), as well as beverages such as coffee (1.38 vs. 2.15, p = 0.005), carbonated drinks (0.85 vs. 1.39, p = 0.007) and alcohol (0.61 vs. 1.02, p = 0.003) less frequently compared to the control group. In contrast, they reported consuming refined grain products (1.72 vs. 1.34, p = 0.004) and animal fats (1.62 vs. 1.28, p = 0.046) more frequently than the control group. When comparing the consumption frequency of the most avoided foods within the IBD group with self‐reported actual gastrointestinal symptoms within the past 3 months, a statistically significant positive association was noted only between milk consumption and the occurrence of diarrhoea in patients with IBD. This analysis is one of few studies to evaluate dietary patterns in IBD patients and to indicate the most frequently consumed and the most avoided foods.