bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between GFOD2 (rs12449157) polymorphism, dietary intake, anthropometric measurements and blood lipids in Mexican Subjects
Authors: Vazquez‐Manjarrez Natalia , Guevara‐Cruz Martha , Tovar Armando R , Medina‐Vera Isabel , Erazo‐Tapia Edmundo , Aguilar‐Lopez Miriam , Flores‐Lopez Adriana , Ordovas Jose M , Torres Nimbe 
Published: June 2021

It has been demonstrated the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the recognition element seed sites of mRNA that are controlled by miRNA. One of this mRNA is the glucose fructose oxidoreductase domain containing 2 enzyme (GFOD2). Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the gene‐diet interaction between GFOD2 SNP, carbohydrate and total fat intake on blood lipids and anthropometric measurements. We studied 261 Mexican subjects, 60 men and 201 women. The frequency of the non‐common allele (G) was 21%. The frequency of homozygous for the non‐common allele (GG) and heterozygous (AG) was 38.8%. Homozygous subjects for the common allele (AA) decreased serum TG and increased BMI as the intake of dietary carbohydrates increased, whereas subjects with the non‐common allele showed the opposite pattern. In contrast, subjects homozygous for the common allele increased serum TG and decreased BMI as the total fat intake increased. Subjects with the non‐common allele showed the opposite pattern. These results indicate that the SNP for GFOD2 gene is a risk factor for the development of metabolic abnormalities associated with Metabolic Syndrome.Grant CONACYT 181685 (to MGC)
Effects of different amounts and types of dietary fatty acids on body weight, fat accumulation and lipid metabolism in hamsters
Authors: Yang Ji‐Hua , Hsia Chu‐Hsuan , Chen Chien‐yin , Lim Sim‐Yee , Chien Yi‐wen 
Published: June 2021

The study explored the effects of different amounts of dietary fatty acids on body weight, fat accumulation and lipid metabolism in hamsters. We conducted 12 wk intervention with sixty male golden Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into six groups. Three of the groups fed with experimental diets containing 5%, 15% and 20% (w/w) fat of soybean oil (S5, S15 and S20). And the other fed with experimental mix oil (M5, M15 and M20). The experimental mix oil consist of 60% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated‐to‐saturated fatty acid (P/S) ratio 5 mix by soybean oil and canola oil. The result showed that the S20 group's weight and weight gain were significantly greater than the other five groups. When the total fat consumption increased, the S group's body weight, weight gain and adipose tissue weight will significantly increase, but they were no significant difference in the M groups. When S20 compared with M20 group, S20 had significantly higher leptin, insulin concentration and promote triglyceride accumulation enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL), but lipolysis enzyme acetyl‐CoA oxidase (ACO) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 (CPT‐1) was significantly lower. Therefore, the study showed that special proportion of experimental mix oil with high fat can prevent body weight gain and body fat accumulation by lowering insulin concentration and increased hepatic lipolytic enzyme activities.Grant Funding Source: National Science Council
Glycosuria: a Risk Factor for Loss of Nutrients in Diabetic Patients?
Authors: Suen Vivian , Silva‐Santos Andressa , Santos Roberta DS , Ribas‐Filho Durval , Marchini Julio Sérgio , Foss‐Freitas Maria Cristina 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesTo assess the urinary excretion of micronutrients in diabetic patients and control subjects, and to correlate it with glycosuria.MethodsWe evaluated control subjects and diabetic patients regarding food intake by 24‐h food record and 24‐hour urine collection; anthropometry (weight, height and waist circumference), and urinary loss of micronutrients and glucose were determined. The groups were compared using the nonparametric Mann‐Whitney tests (* p <0.05). The study was approved by the Research Ethics HCFMRP/USP (Case 6228/2009).Results9 diabetics volunteers participated in the study (52 ± 14 years, BMI 30 ± 11 kg/m2 and CA 99 ± 25 cm) and 9 control subjects (51 ± 16 years, BMI 26 ± 5 kg/m2 and AC 90 ± 13 cm). Various nutritional inadequacies were observed in both groups, with no relation to the urinary loss of nutrients. There was a higher iron excretion in diabetic group and the control group, magnesium. The urinary iron (R = 0.49) and nitrogen (R = 0.74) correlated significantly with glycosuria.Conclusionglycosuria was not a risk factor for urinary loss of nutrients in the present study.
Pregnancy regulates thromboxane A2‐induced contractions via endothelium‐derived factors and large‐conductance calcium‐activated potassium channels in rat uterine artery
Authors: Goulopoulou Styliani , Hannan Johanna , Matsumoto Takayuki , Webb R. Clinton 
Published: June 2021

Endothelium‐derived factors and calcium‐activated potassium channels modulate vascular smooth muscle cell depolarization. We hypothesized that thromboxane A2 (TxA2)‐induced contractions are negatively mediated by endothelium‐derived factors and calcium‐activated potassium channels, and these effects are pregnancy dependent. Uterine arteries (UA) were isolated from pregnant (P) and virgin (NP) rats. Force production in response to a TxA2 mimetic (U46619, 3 μM) was measured in a wire myograph in the absence or presence of inhibitors for: nitric oxide synthase (NOS), cyclooxygenase (COX), large (BKCa), small (SKCa) and intermediate (IKCa) conductance calcium–activated potassium channels. In UA from NP rats, TxA2‐induced contractions (18.2±2.5 mN) were increased in the presence of BKCa inhibition (31.7±1.5 mN) but did not change in the presence of NOS (23.6±2.2 mN) or COX (16.8±1.8 mN) inhibition. In UA from P rats, TxA2‐induced contractions (22.5±1.3 mN) were increased in the presence of BKCa (34.1±2.4 mN) and NOS (30.3±1.5 mN) inhibition and were reduced in the presence of COX inhibition (12.1±3.4 mN). Inhibition of SKCa and IKCa had no effect in any group (p<0.05). Our data suggest that pregnancy regulates UA contractile responses to TxA2 via both endothelium‐derived factors and activation of large‐conductance calcium‐activated potassium channels.Support: NIH, SWHR
Acetaminophen (AP) inhibits intestinal P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) activity in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: Novak Analía , Carpini Griselda Delli , Ruiz María Laura , Luquita Marcelo , Rubio Modesto Carlos , Mottino Aldo Domingo , Ghanem Carolina Inés 
Published: June 2021

AP induces long‐term regulation of expression of intestinal P‐gp. Whether it can acutely modulate P‐gp activity is unknown.AimsTo study the effect of AP on rat intestinal P‐gp activity in vivo and in vitro.M&MIn vitro. Intestinal everted sacs were filled with rhodamine 123 (serosal), a tipical P‐gp substrate, (R123; 4.5; 9; 12; 18 or 36 μM) and incubated in KH buffer (mucosal) alone or with AP (100 μM), and secretion of R123 was assessed along a 40‐min period. Serosal‐mucosal transport of AP was studied in a similar fashion, in the presence/absence of Psc 833 (10 μM), a specific inhibitor of P‐gp. Transport of AP (10 μM) was also evaluated in P‐gp knock down HepG2 cells. In vivo. Intestinal absorption of digoxin (Dig, 25.6 nmol/kg) was studied by portal vein sampling (30–min period) in the presence or absence of AP (100 μM).ResultsR123 transport adjusted well to a sigmoideal curve. Its Vmax was decreased by AP (P<0.05), with no modification in EC50 or slope. AP transport was not affected by PSC 833 or by knocking down P‐gp. In vivo intestinal absorption of Dig was increased (+214%) by AP (P<0.05).ConclusionAP inhibited P‐gp activity in vitro and in vivo. AP‐induced changes in Vmax of R123 transport, together with lack of AP transport by P‐gp, suggest that inhibition is unlikely competitive. Bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of drugs, substrates of P‐gp, can be altered when they are co‐administered with AP.
The effects of brief ischemia and reperfusion on interstitial PO2 in the rat spinotrapezius muscle
Authors: Dodhy Sami C. , Golub Aleksander S. , Pittman Roland N. 
Published: June 2021

The involvement of oxygen in reactive hyperemia following brief periods of local flow arrest was investigated by measuring PO2 under conditions of different ischemic durations of 5, 15, 30, 60, and 300 sec. Spinotrapezius muscles of anesthetized male Sprague‐Dawley rats were used; the muscle was covered with a gas barrier film to isolate it from atmospheric oxygen. Well perfused sites were chosen with one or more arterioles and a capillary network. Phosphorescence quenching microscopy was used to measure interstitial PO2 with a topically applied phosphorescent probe. Localized ischemia was produced by rapidly inflating an airbag over the muscle; reperfusion was initiated by deflating the bag. Baseline PO2 varied between 52 and 60 mmHg. During ischemia, PO2 dropped to 45 mmHg for 5 s ischemia down to 3 mmHg for >;30 s ischemia. Maximum PO2 during the reperfusion phase ranged from 52 to 71 mmHg. The time required for PO2 recovery to baseline ranged from 9 (5 s ischemia) to 122 sec (300 s ischemia). These data exhibited a positive correlation between ischemic duration and the time for PO2 recovery, as well as to the maximum PO2 reached during reperfusion. The data will be used to establish a relationship between ischemic duration and tissue oxygen consumption (VO2) during reperfusion.Support: NHLBI grant HL18292
Topology, angioarchitecture and hemodynamics of chick chorioallantoic vascular networks
Authors: Maibier Martin , Reglin Bettina E. , Nitzsche Bianca , Höpfner Michael , Pries Axel R. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundAlthough extensively used as in vivo model to study e.g. angiogenesis and tumor development, topology and hemodynamics of chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) vasculature has not been systematically characterized.MethodsA day‐14 CAM network was reconstructed from intravital microscopy, providing information about vessel length, diameter (D) and location of all vessel segments (n>;7000). Data for flow velocity (v) and hematocrit (H) were measured in more than 80 vessels in four CAM networks. A mathematical simulation was used to calculate v, H, shear stress (τ) and pressure for all vessel segments in the reconstructed network.ResultsCAM topology exhibits a low degree of heterogeneity with a coefficient of variation (CV=SD/mean) of topological pathway length of 0.20 compared to 0.32 in rat mesentery (rm) and an inverse correlation of arterial and venous generation number for individual arteriovenous connections. Experimental measurements and model simulations showed a nearly proportional increase of v with D for arteries (A) and veins (V) with D>;30 μm (experimental: A, r2=0.89; V, r2=0.96). Consequently the variation of τ in this range is relatively small (CV: 0.66; CVrm : 1.45).ConclusionCompared to a typical adult mammal network (rat mesentery) the CAM vascular system exhibits a more regular and hemodynamically more optimized design according to the requirements of Murray's law.
The effect of chronic low grade hyperglycemia on basal nerve blood flow values in Sprague‐Dawley rats
Authors: Olver T. Dylan , Grise Ken N , McDonald Matt M , Dey Adwitia , Noble Earl G , Melling CW. James , Lacefield James C , Shoemaker J. Kevin 
Published: June 2021

We tested the hypothesis that nerve blood flow (NBF) is reduced in Sprague‐Dawley rats with chronic low grade hyperglycemia (LGH). Rats (N=12; 507±61 g) were divided into 2 groups; control and LGH (streptozotocin: daily injection 20 mg/kg for 5 days; subcutaneous insulin pellet implant: 1 IU/12 h; fed state blood glucose=9–14 mmol/L). After 11 weeks, rats were anaesthetized, the right jugular vein was cannulated (for sodium nitroprusside; 60 ug/kg and phenylephrine; 12 ug/kg infusions) and the right carotid artery was cannulated (for continuous measurement of blood pressure; MAP). Nerve blood flow velocity (NBV) was measured (Doppler ultrasound; 40‐MHz Visualsonics Vevo 2100) in the left sciatic nerve supply artery before and during drug infusions. An index of sciatic nerve vascular conductance (NVC) was calculated (NBV/MAP). Regression analysis of the ΔNBV vs. ΔMAP was used to study the autoregulatory index. Basal NVC was similar between groups (control=0.83±0.14 vs LGH=0.77±0.16 mm/s/mmHg; P=0.50). The slope (control=1.00±0.24 vs LGH=0.94±0.21; P=0.57) and y‐intercept (control= −1.34±4.52 vs LGH= −0.87±2.92; P=0.83) of the autoregulatory index were similar between groups. These data suggest that NBF is not reduced in LGH rats.Funded by CIHR.
Simultaneous measurement of microvascular blood flux and tissue oxygenation in human skin
Authors: Clough Geraldine , Kuliga Kasia , McCormick Keith , Gush Rodney , Chipperfield Andrew 
Published: June 2021

We have measured skin microvascular blood flux (PU) and microvascular oxygenation (SO2,%) simultaneously, using a combined OXY+flow+temperature probe (moorCP2T‐2000 probe with the moorVMS‐LDF and moorVMS‐OXY). Parameters were measured at the forearm in healthy participants at rest and during post‐occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) (180 mmHg for 3 min) and local tissue warming (43oC for 20 min). The relationship between simultaneously measured flux and SO2 was best fitted by a decaying exponential with R2 = 0.744. There was also coherence between low frequency oscillations in resting flux and SO2 across the endothelial (0.64(0.12)) and neurogenic (0.60(0.12)) power spectral density bands (mean(SD)). These data demonstrate an association between a simultaneous measure of microvascular blood flux and microvascular oxygenation. Further, our data confirm that spontaneously occurring low frequency oscillations associated with flow motion are present in a measure of microvascular oxygenation and are closely associated with those in the simultaneously measured blood flux.Supported by the EPSRC and Diabetes UK
A signature of fetal systemic inflammatory response in the pattern of heart rate variability measures matrix: a prospective study in fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced sepsis
Authors: Durosier Lucien Daniel , Cao Mingju , Herry Christophe , Batkin Izmail , Seely Andrew J.E. , Burns Patrick , Fecteau Gilles , Desrochers André , Frasch Martin G 
Published: June 2021

Fetal cholinergic anti‐inflammatory pathway (CAP) provides negative feedback on systemic inflammation. This is reflected in subtle alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV). We hypothesized that distinct patterns of fHRV correlation to pro‐inflammatory cytokines will reflect CAP's spontaneous versus inflammatory response states.We induced variable degrees of inflammatory response with LPS in chronically instrumented near‐term fetal sheep (n=8). CAP activity was quantified by 99 fHRV measures using CIMVA (continuous individualized multivariate variability analysis). We correlated the time‐matched fHRV and TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐6. IL‐6, but not TNF‐α and IL‐1β, peaked at 3 hours. At baseline, a distinct set of seven fHRV measures from invariant, geometric and statistical domains correlated to cytokines. During fetal inflammatory response state, another subset of thirteen fHRV measures from invariant, geometric, statistical and energetic domains correlated to these cytokines.Distinctive subsets of fHRV measures can be identified that correlate with levels of inflammation. This opens a new way to study fetal inflammatory response as a function of neuroimmunological behaviour reflected in patterns of fHRV.Funded by CIHR, FRSQ, MITACS/NeuroDevNet, Molly Towell.
N‐acetylcysteine improves skeletal muscle fatigue resistance in a model of peripheral arterial insufficiency
Authors: Roseguini Bruno , Souccar Caden , Han Sang 
Published: June 2021

Oxidative stress plays a major role in the genesis of skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). We tested the hypothesis that administration of the antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) would improve isolated skeletal muscle fatigue resistance in a mice model of PAD. Male Balb/c mice (n=15) were subjected to bilateral ligation of the femoral artery and after 2 weeks of recovery, received daily intraperitoneal injections of either NAC (150 mg/kg, n=7) or saline (n=8) for 15 days. At the end of the treatment, the extensor digitorium longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL) muscles were excised for analysis of the contractile function and fatigue resistance in vitro (32°C). Maximal specific force was not different between groups for both the EDL (NAC: 37.3±1.4 N/cm2; Saline: 36.1±1.5 N/cm2) and the soleus (NAC: 35.5±1.2 N/cm2; Saline: 34.1±1.2 N/cm2). In the soleus muscle, force after 10 min of submaximal tetanic stimulation (60 Hz, 300 ms trains, 0.3 trains/s) was higher (p<0.05) in NAC‐treated animals (45±3% of the initial value) when compared to controls (30.3 ±3%). No differences were found in fatigue development between groups in the EDL muscle (NAC:35.7±1.9%; Saline 37.5±1.1%). These results indicate that NAC treatment substantially improves fatigue resistance in the soleus muscle in a model of peripheral arterial insufficiency.Support‐ Fapesp 2011/18197–0 (B.R.), 2010/51344–3 (CS)
Reducing parathyroid hormone is essential for correcting cortical bone deficiencies associated with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Newman Christopher , Moe Sharon M. , Chen Neal X. , Brown Drew M. , Gattone Vincent H. , Allen Matthew R. 
Published: June 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in an increased fracture risk, partially due to elevations in parathyroid hormone (PTH). Bisphosphonates (BP's) reduce fracture risk by preventing bone loss, but the lack of data in CKD has limited their use. Using the BP zoledronic acid (ZOL) and calcium (CA) (known to lower PTH), the present study used a rat model of CKD to examine the impact of PTH levels on the skeletal abnormalities associated with kidney disease. Skeletally mature male rats with CKD (n=56) were given vehicle, ZOL, CA, or ZOL&CA for 10 weeks. Age‐matched male rats without CKD (n=14) served as controls. Outcomes were determined by serum PTH, femoral cortical porosity, and femoral mechanical testing. In untreated CKD animals, PTH levels were 12 times higher than in normal animals. Animals treated with CA and ZOL&CA had lower PTH values, whereas rats with ZOL alone did not. Compared to normal animals, untreated CKD rats had 41‐fold higher cortical porosity and lower bone strength (−31%). After correcting for differences in porosity, reductions in strength remained (−27%), indicating that CKD adversely impacts bone quality. Animals treated with CA and ZOL&CA had cortical porosity and bone strength similar to normal controls. ZOL alone did not alter porosity or strength relative to untreated CKD rats. These data indicate that normalization of PTH is necessary for controlling cortical bone abnormalities in CKD.Grant Funding Source: NIH
Electron transfer without metals. How amino acid radicals (mis)behave
Authors: Koppenol Willem H. , Mahmoudi Leila , Kissner Reinhard , Nauser Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Tyrosine participates in electron transfer reactions in biology. The reaction mechanism of ribonucleotide reductase involves electron transfers between Tyr, Trp, and Cys. The Tyr radical may also be formed as the result of reaction with HO•. Tyrosine is the ultimate electron donor in a pecking order consisting of Met, Trp, and Tyr ≈ Cys. As the range of published electrode potentials for Trp at pH 7 is +0.56 – +1.05 V, and +0.68 – +0.94 V for Tyr, we set out to determine a consistent set of electrode potentials. By cyclic voltammetry, we measured E°′(TyrO•,H+/TyrOH) = +0.98±0.02 V and E°′(Trp•,H+/TrpH) = +1.00±0.01 V, thus ΔE°′ = 0.02±0.02 V (K = 2) for electron transfer between Trp•and Tyr; by pulse radiolysis, we found K = 9, corresponding to ΔE°′ = 0.05 V. We recommend that the presently accepted values of E°′ for Trp (+1.05 V) and Tyr (+0.94 V), be replaced with +1.01 V and +0.97 V, respectively. For nitrotyrosine, we found +1.11±0.02 V by cyclic voltammetry. Pulse radiolysis experiments described in the literature suggest that the value of E°′(Cys•,H+/CysH) is similar to that of the Tyr couple; Schöneich and coworkers, and we have shown, however, that the S‐centered radical is in rapid equilibrium with C‐centered radicals in Cys and neighbouring amino acids (10.1021/tx3000494 and 10.1021/tx300045f).Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation and the ETH.
Anti‐cancer effect of TRAIL in combination with caffeic acid phenethyl ester in human hepatocellular carcinoma SK‐Hep1 cells
Authors: Kim An Keun , Kim Eun Young 
Published: June 2021

Tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been considered as a promising candidate for cancer therapy since it selectively induces apoptosis in various malignant cells but not in normal cells. However, some cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL. Here, we investigated the sensitizing effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a phenolic ingredient of honeybee propolis, on TRAIL‐resistant SK‐Hep1 cells. Combined treatment of TRAIL with CAPE synergistically inhibited cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis, whereas either agent alone induced limited cytotoxicity and apoptosis in SK‐Hep1 cells. The synergistic effect of CAPE and TRAIL combination on SK‐Hep1 apoptosis was examined by annexin V staining and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Moreover, combination of CAPE and TRAIL resulted in significant activation of effector caspases. Furthermore, z‐VAD‐fmk, a pan‐caspase inhibitor, blocked the enhanced apoptosis induced by the combination of CAPE and TRAIL, suggesting the involvement of caspase‐dependent pathway. CAPE also increased the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5). The enhanced cell death and caspase activiation by co‐treatment with CAPE and TRAIL were markedly reduced by human recombinant DR5/Fc chimera protein. Taken together, our results indicate that CAPE enhances TRAIL‐induced apoptosis by caspase activation through induction of DR5.This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010–0010538).
Effect of exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on inflammatory response in gas station attendant.
Authors: Corazzini Roseli , Gonçalves Giovana , Bonetti Tatiana , Garcia Diego Martinez , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Carvalho Cristina 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionVolatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) exposition causes multiple chemical sensitivity reactions in human. The exposures of human to VOC environments are associated with an enhanced inflammatory response. The occupational exposures of VOCs and inflammatory responses in gas station attendant not have been reported.AimEvaluate the inflammatory markers plasma concentrations in gas station attendants.Materials and Methods20 gas station attendants who are occupational exposed to high VOC levels (VOC group), and 16 controls individuals (CT group) who are not occupational exposed to VOC. Serum inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)‐8, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐12 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), were measured by flow cytometry using the Human Inflammation Kit BD Cytometric Bead Array (CBA).ResultsIndividuals were 20 to 70 years of age, and those on VOC group had a mean of 12 years working at gas station. Multivariate linear regression model showed that VOCs exposure influenced significantly IL‐12 plasma concentration in gas station attendants (Coef. 1170.44; p=0.007) adjusted to age and smoking. To confirm that result, the IL‐12 concentration was significantly higher on VOC group (1609±250) than CT (720±247; p=0.018).ConclusionOur findings show that occupational exposed to VOC from gas stations are associated with increased levels of inflammation marker related to cytotoxic response, which may be related to reactions to chemicals in human.