bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The H.E.S.S. gravitational wave rapid follow-up program
Authors: Ashkar Halim , Brun Francois , Füßling Matthias , Hoischen Clemens , Ohm Stefan , Prokoph Heike , Reichherzer Patrick , Schüssler Fabian , Seglar-Arroyo Monica 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Gravitational Wave (GW) events are physical processes that significantly perturbate space-time, e.g. compact binary coalescenses, causing the production of GWs. The detection of GWs by a worldwide network of advanced interferometers offers unique opportunities for multi-messenger searches and electromagnetic counterpart associations. While carrying extremely useful information, searches for associated electromagnetic emission are challenging due to large sky localisation uncertainties provided by the current GW observatories LIGO and Virgo. Here we present the methods and procedures used within the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) in searches for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission associated to the emission of GWs from extreme events. To do so we create several algorithms dedicated to schedule GW follow-up observations by creating optimized pointing paterns. We describe algorithms using 2-dimensional GW localisation information and algorithms correlating the galaxy distribution in the local universe, by using galaxy catalogs, with the 3-dimensional GW localisation information and evaluate their performances. The H.E.S.S. automatic GW follow-up chain, described in this paper, is optimized to initiate GW follow-up observations within less than 1 minute after the alert reception. These developements allowed H.E.S.S. observations of 6 GW events out of the 67 non-retracted GW events detected during the first three observation runs of LIGO and Virgo reaching VHE γ-ray coverages of up to 70% of the GW localisation.
Finite element analysis of blackbody radiation environment for an ytterbium lattice clock operated at room temperature
Authors: Xiong Dezhi , Zhu Qiang , Wang Jinqi , Zhang Ang , Tian Congcong , Wang Bing , He Lingxiang , Xiong Zhuanxian , Lyu Baolong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Stark shift due to blackbody radiation (BBR) is a key obstacle limiting the frequency uncertainty of optical lattice clocks. A well-characterized BBR environment is necessary to know exactly the temperature felt by the cold atoms. In our ytterbium clock, the lattice-trapped atoms are exposed to the thermal radiation of the surrounding vacuum chamber walls and optical windows. Calibrated platinum resistance temperature detectors are used to monitor the vacuum chamber temperature in real time. In order to obtain the effective temperature T
eff in the position of the atoms, we perform finite element (FE) analysis to the thermal radiation of the vacuum chamber. Due to the temperature inhomogeneity existing in our vacuum chamber, the limited knowledge of the air convection contributes the largest part of the uncertainty in T
eff. For our typical room temperature environment, T
eff can be determined with an accuracy level of 160 mK, corresponding to a fractional frequency uncertainty of 5.3 × 10−18 for the BBR Stark shift. Additionally, we use a simple formula to relate T
eff to the temperatures at the monitored points, which allows us to know the value of T
eff without using FE analysis, and thus enables the real-time correction to the BBR Stark shift.
Topological control of laser-driven acceleration structure for producing extremely bright ion beams
Authors: Ju L.B. , Huang T.W. , Li R. , Jiang K. , Wu C.N. , Zhang H. , Wu S.Z. , Yu M.Y. , Qiao B. , Zhu S.P. , Zhou C.T. , Ruan S.C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We propose to use intense optical vortex to control laser-based ion acceleration for obtaining high-quality ion beams. An acceleration field favorable for generating well-collimated energetic proton beams results from the interaction of a tailored vortex laser pulse with thin solid-density foil in a blowout regime. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that the foil protons can be efficiently accelerated to the GeV level in the form of a beam with small radius (<1 μm), narrow divergence (<0.1 rad), and low emittance (∼0.004π mm mrad). The proton beam is of high energy density (>1018 J m−3) and high brightness (>1022 A m−2 rad−2), exceeding that of the Gaussian laser case by four orders of magnitude, and the energy conversion efficiency is about 12 times that under the same laser intensity. The scheme can also be used to accelerate heavier, such as carbon, ions. The resulting ion beams should be useful as compact neutron source, for creation of warm dense matters, as well as ion-beam direct and indirect drive inertial confinement fusion, ultrafast diagnostics of the implosion dynamics in the latter, etc.
Finite electron temperature gradient effects on blob formation in the scrape-off layer of a tokamak plasma
Authors: Shankar Vijay , Bisai N. , Raj Shrish , Sen A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nonlinear coherent dense plasma structures—‘blobs’—that form in the turbulent edge plasma of a tokamak play an important role in the anomalous nature of the plasma transport in that region. A plasma blob is normally formed when another kind of coherent structure—a radially elongated streamer structure—breaks due to differential stretching in the radial and poloidal directions. We investigate the nature of such a blob formation in the scrape-off layer region by taking into account electron temperature effects. It is found that the shear related to the poloidal gradient of the poloidal electric field plays a major role. A blob is predicted to form when this shear exceeds the interchange mode growth rate within the radially elongated region. Our theoretical estimate of this extended criterion for blob formation is validated from three-dimensional numerical simulation results using the BOUT++ framework and could be useful in the interpretation of blob formation in the presence of finite electron temperature gradient that is applicable in the H and L mode discharges.
Production and tests of the ADDC for the Micromegas detector of the ATLAS New Small Wheel
Authors: Tang S. , Matakias D. , Chen H. , Chen K. , Pleier M.A. , Polychronakos V. , Yao L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will perform a series of upgrades to allow luminosity increases during the next physics runs expected from 2022 on. These will also significantly increase the trigger rates of all the detectors. As part of the ATLAS Phase-I upgrade, the current Small Wheel muon detectors will be replaced with state-of-the-art New Small Wheel (NSW) detectors to cope with the increased luminosity of the LHC. The Address in Real Time Data Driver Card (ADDC) is designed to transmit the trigger data from the resistive Micro-Mesh Gaseous Structure (Micromegas) detectors of the NSW. The ART ASIC on the ADDC is a custom-designed chip to receive the Address in Real Time (ART) signals from the VMM front-end ASIC and perform hit-selection processing. The processed trigger data is then sent to the Trigger Processor (TP) through optical links. A total of 512 ADDCs will be installed on the detector close to the front-end boards. Therefore, those cards must be able to work properly in a high radiation and magnetic field environment. After four rounds of prototyping, the ADDC production was launched in January of 2019. 600 ADDC boards have been produced and tested with an automated test stand. This test setup can simulate the front-end signals and provide "Level-1 Data Driver Card" (L1DDC) functions as well as part of the TP functions. Thus, the ADDC functionality and stability can be verified without the remaining NSW electronics. This paper describes the ADDC hardware prototype development, radiation and integration testing, and the ADDC automated production test procedure.
Precipitation response to climate change and urban development over the continental United States
Authors: Georgescu M , Broadbent A M , Wang M , Krayenhoff E Scott , Moustaoui M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Appropriately characterizing future changes in regional-scale precipitation requires assessment of the interactive effect owing to greenhouse gas-induced climate change and the physical growth of the built environment. Here we use a suite of medium resolution (20 km grid spacing) decadal scale simulations conducted with the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to an urban canopy parameterization to examine the interplay between end-of-century long-lived greenhouse gas (LLGHG) forcing and urban expansion on continental US (CONUS) precipitation. Our results show that projected changes in extreme precipitation are at least one order of magnitude greater than projected changes in mean precipitation; this finding is geographically consistent over the seven CONUS National Climate Assessment (NCA) regions and between the pair of dynamically downscaled global climate model (GCM) forcings. We show that dynamical downscaling of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory GCM leads to projected end-of-century changes in extreme precipitation that are consistently greater compared to dynamical downscaling of the Community Earth System Model GCM for all regions except the Southeast NCA region. Our results demonstrate that the physical growth of the built environment can either enhance or suppress extreme precipitation across CONUS metropolitan regions. Incorporation of LLGHGs indicates compensating effects between urban environments and greenhouse gases, shifting the probability spectrum toward broad enhancement of extreme precipitation across future CONUS metropolitan areas. Our results emphasize the need for development of management policies that address flooding challenges exacerbated by the twin forcing agents of urban- and greenhouse gas-induced climate change.
Status quo bias and public policy: evidence in the context of carbon mitigation
Authors: Lang Corey , Weir Michael , Pearson-Merkowitz Shanna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article examines whether individuals’ preferences for government policy are affected by status quo bias. We designed a contingent valuation survey that asks respondents directly about their willingness to pay (WTP) for their state to be a part of a regional carbon mitigation policy. The survey has two randomized frames, which differ in whether or not their state is already part of the policy. We distributed the survey to a representative sample of Rhode Island residents (N = 844). We find that respondents who believe that Rhode Island would be joining the policy for the first time have a WTP to join of $170 (quite similar to previous research at a national scale), whereas those who believe Rhode Island is already part of the policy are willing to pay 2.5 times more, or $420, to stay in the program. Our results suggest that citizens greatly prefer existing carbon mitigation policies to new policies, which implies that carbon policy will be more successful if enacted through the legislature instead of popular vote.
Short-term electricity load time series prediction by machine learning model via feature selection and parameter optimization using hybrid cooperation search algorithm
Authors: Niu Wen-jing , Feng Zhong-kai , Li Shu-shan , Wu Hui-jun , Wang Jia-yang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Reliable load time series forecasting plays an important role in guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of modern power system. Due to the volatility and randomness of electricity demand, the conventional forecasting method may fail to effectively capture the dynamic change of load curves. To satisfy this practical necessity, the goal of this paper is set to develop a practical machine learning model based on feature selection and parameter optimization for short-term load prediction. In the proposed model, the ensemble empirical mode decomposition is used to divide the original loads into a sequence of relatively simple subcomponents; for each subcomponent, the support vector machine is chosen as the basic predictor where the real-valued cooperation search algorithm (CSA) is used to seek the best model hyperparameters, while the binary-valued CSA is set as the feature selection tool to determine the candidate input variables; finally, the aggregation of all the submodules’ outputs forms the final forecasting result. The presented method is assessed by short-term load data from four provincial-grid dispatching centers in China. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed model can provide better results than several conventional models in short-term load prediction, while the emerging CSA method is an effective tool to determine the parameter combinations of machine learning method.
Consumption and Preference of Tropical Vegetables in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Hardyastuti S , Perwitasari H 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tropical vegetables are essential food sources for health. However, the consumption of vegetables in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is yet relatively low. Meanwhile, the Special Region of Yogyakarta has the potential to supply vegetable commodities. The research objective is to determine the consumption and consumer preference of the attributes of tropical vegetables. The sample of research locations were purposively selected, i.e., Colombo Market, Kranggan Market, Niten Market, Playen Market, Mirota Kampus, Superindo, and the Agrotechnology Innovation Center (PIAT UGM). The number of respondents was determined by accidental sampling with the survey of 115 respondents. Consumption of tropical vegetables is analyzed descriptively, and consumer preferences are analyzed using the Fishbein analysis. The results showed that the highest to the lowest order of tropical vegetable consumption were purple eggplant, long beans, cucumber, tomato, and chili. In addition, attributes from the preferences of tropical vegetable consumers include freshness, hygiene, convenience, benefits, color, packaging, size, taste, organic, label, and texture. The order of preference for tropical vegetables includes tomatoes, long beans, purple eggplants, chili, and cucumbers.
The Service Quality of Kampoeng Kopi Banaran Agrotourism, Central Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyo J H , Rohmah F , Perwitasari H , Nasir M A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Agro-tourism is a combination of tourism and farming activities that can be a solution to increase farmer income beyond production quantity’s value. Excellent service quality is the first step to agrotourism success. Therefore, this study analyses the Kampoeng Kopi Banaran agro-tourism’s service quality. The SERVQUAL, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) methods are applied to estimate the service quality performance. Results suggest that Kampoeng Kopi Banaran agrotourism’s service quality is unsatisfactorily by the SERVQUAL method. On the other hand, the IPA method measures that there are five attributes in quadrant I (keep up the good work), five attributes in quadrant II (concentrate here), six attributes in quadrant III (low priority), and seven attributes in quadrant IV (possible overkill). The CSI method found out that customers are not satisfied with the agro-tourism service. It is necessary to improve the service quality by the provision of science and technology that facilitates visitors to learn and understand more about the environment and processes within this agro-tourism site.
Challenges in transportation policy: speeding up a sustainable agri-food supply chain
Authors: Kresnanto N C , Putri W H , Lantarsih R , Harjiyatni F R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A sustainable agri-food supply chain becomes a utopia when transportation policy has no support to develop a sustainable mechanism. This study conducts a literature review to understand the footprint of a sustainable agri-food supply chain based on robust transportation policy and modelling for optimizing efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study relies on the relevant search term and reference source selection with the keyword “transportation policy” and “sustainable agri-food value chain” between 2016-2020. Literature sources identified with online databases from Google Scholars, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, and other online resources that affordable by Google search engine. Based on 52 manuscripts that were studied in-line with the research context, we find the empirical study tends to conclude that the transportation policy is a critical part of developing a sustainable agri-food supply chain besides the internal process in the agri-food producer. Transportation issues focus on routing problems and acceptable government policy. Simultaneously, the agri-food company’s internal process emphasized lead-time production and distribution, achieve the ultimate goals reducing logistics cost, zero waste production process, and customer satisfaction.
Financial Feasibility Analysis of Gourami Farming in A Collaborated Business Association System
Authors: Sumbodo B T , Suharjiwanto  , Kadarso  , Anggraeni R , Ika SR 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As catch fisheries have experienced overfishing symptoms, which resulted in a decrease in fish resources, the government must develop freshwater aquaculture. Sleman Regency has known for its growing freshwater aquaculture development, which supplies about 70% of the total fish production in Yogyakarta Special Province. Despite the rising demand for fish consumption, fish cultivators face problems in the capital, infrastructure, weak bargaining power, quality problems, and long distribution chains. One way to overcome these problems is to strengthen the bargaining position through the fish farmer groups. This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of gourami farming, whose owners are members of business associations. In the business association, fish farmers agree to collaborate in running their business to cultivate gourami in a supply chain process ranging from production to marketing. The collaboration of fish farmers integrates four segments of the fish-raising chain system, consist of seedling handling from 0 to1.5 months old, raising fish from 1.5-to 3.5 months, from 3.5 to 6.5 months, and 6.5 to 12 months. Using a quantitative research method, this study analyzes 40 fish farmers in Seyegan, Sleman District of Yogyakarta. The financial feasibility analysis uses the net present value, benefit-cost ratio, internal rate of return, and break-even point. Results of these analyzes indicate that financially, the collaborative gourami farming in Seyegan District is feasible with an NPV of segment I is Rp 11,122,952.00, of segment II, is Rp 2,174,940.00, of segment III, is Rp 9,748,705.00. Of the segment, IV is Rp 18,691,435,86. The B/C Ratio for segment I is 1.87, segment II is 1.55, segment III is 2.13, and segment IV 2.05. The BEP value for segment I is Rp 1,709,228.00, for segment II is Rp 1,779,290.00, for segment III is Rp 852,100.00, and for segment IV is Rp 2,000,672.00.
Measurement of Body Measurement Characteristics and Vital Parameters in Saanen, Sapera, and Ettawa Crossbred Goats
Authors: Sarmin  , Widiyono I , Anggraeni D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Vital parameters (respiratory, pulse, rectal temperature, capillary refill time (CRT), rumen movement, and eating time) and body measurement characteristics measurement of Apparently Healthy in 60 healthy Ettawa crossbred goats, Saanen goats, and Sapera goats in Indonesia were evaluated. The correlation between respiratory rate, pulse rate, and rectal temperature was measured. Respiratory rates (breaths per minute) were 59.68±21.29 in Etawa Crossbred, 58.57±14.09 in Saanen, and 60.56±14.99 in Sapera. Pulses (pulsations per minute) were 87.54±19.70 in Ettawa crossbred, 90.46±18.36 in Saanen, and 86.82±13.69 in Sapera. Rectal temperatures (°C) were 39.18±0.51in Ettawa Crossbred, 39.14±0.69 in Saanen, and 38.95±0.61 in Sapera. CRT (second) were 1.96±1.64 in Ettawa crossbred, 2.21±1.19 in Saanen, and 2.76±1.75 in Sapera. Rumen Movement (times/5 min) was 5.08±1.73 in Ettawa crossbred, 5.64±1.69 in Saanen, and 4.59±1.91 in Sapera. Eating time (seconds) were 66.62±13.43 in Ettawa crossbred, 55.45±18.38 in Saanen, and 62.34±19.44in Sapera. Height (cm) was 70.62±14.27 in Ettawa crossbred, 60.56±7.55 in Saanen, and 61.72±9.37 in Sapera. Body length (cm) was 62.12±13.36 in Ettawa crossbred, 54.44±9.00 in Saanen, and 54.17±11.98 in Sapera. Chest circumference (cm) was 85.04±18.05 in Ettawa crossbred, 82.12±16.98 in Saanen, and 78.00±16.84 in Sapera. Chest depth (cm) was 30.88 ±5.68 in Ettawa Crossbred, 30.25±5.59 in Saanen, and 27.88 ±6.20 in Sapera. Ear length (cm) was 29.17±5.92 in Ettawa Crossbred, 16.25±1.95 in Saanen, and 20.22 ±3.14 in Sapera. Overall there was were are not correlation (R=0.36) between the rectal temperature and respiratory and rectal temperature with a pulses (R=0.06). This finding result is the first-established of vital parameters and body measurement characteristics measurement in Healthy in Ettawa crossbred goats, Saanen goats, and Sapera goats in Indonesia in Indonesia.
A Rapid Dry Rubber Content Measurement Device Based on Photoelectric Sensors
Authors: Wibowo A , Mustangin M , Safi’i A , Pratiwi D I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The quality of Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) is indicated by Dry Rubber Content (DRC), which is a value that shows the percentage of rubber material or rubber fraction contained in a latex. DRC measurements are generally carried out by two methods, namely manually weighing the sample and ISO 126-2005 method. This research aims to develop prototype of automatic DRC measurement device based on photoelectric sensors that are able to measure DRC values accurately, quickly, easily, and environmentally friendly. Research was carried out by designing and building prototypes based on the theory that latex will absorb the intensity of light proportional to the rubber content in it. The results of field tests show that the device can show accurate measurement results with a comparison of measurement methods according to ISO 126: 2005. To improve accuracy is done through least square analysis. The measurement ranges of the DRC values that have been tested with this prototype is 15-22% with an average error of only 1.56% or with an accuracy of 98.44%. The results of this test indicate that the prototype of a photoelectric-based DRC measuring device can be used as an alternative to the DRC measurement tool in a rubber factory with accurate, fast, easy and environmentally friendly measurement results.
Cultivation of agricultural crops on overburden rocks
Authors: Dolgopolova N V , Malysheva E V , Nagornaya O V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The success of the development of lands disturbed by open pit mining largely depends on the correct selection of the assortment of master plants, which are distinguished by good survival rate and high productivity. Overburden rocks, turned up on the day surface, in the initial years are insignificantly overgrown with natural vegetation. They are affected by water and wind erosion under the influence of climate, environmental conditions and anthropogenic impacts. Perennial grasses have the ability to grow rapidly, accumulate a large amount of aboveground and underground mass, improve the physical properties of rocks and accumulate soil fertility in them. When selecting different types of grasses for sowing on overburden rocks, it is necessary to take into account their biological characteristics.