bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are trauma research programs in academic and non-academic centers measured by equal standards? A survey of 137 level I trauma centers in the United States
Authors: Madayag Robert M. , Sercy Erica , Berg Gina M. , Banton Kaysie L. , Carrick Matthew , Lieser Mark , Tanner Allen , Bar-Or David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
American College of Surgeons level I trauma center verification requires an active research program. This study investigated differences in the research programs of academic and non-academic trauma centers.

Methods
A 28-question survey was administered to ACS-verified level I trauma centers in 11/12/2020–1/7/2021. The survey included questions on center characteristics (patient volume, staff size), peer-reviewed publications, staff and resources dedicated to research, and funding sources.

Results
The survey had a 31% response rate: 137 invitations were successfully delivered via email, and 42 centers completed at least part of the survey. Responding level I trauma centers included 36 (86%) self-identified academic and 6 (14%) self-identified non-academic centers. Academic and non-academic centers reported similar annual trauma patient volume (2190 vs. 2450), number of beds (545 vs. 440), and years of ACS verification (20 vs. 14), respectively. Academic centers had more full-time trauma surgeons (median 8 vs 6 for non-academic centers) and general surgery residents (median 30 vs 7) than non-academic centers. Non-academic centers more frequently ranked trauma surgery (100% vs. 36% academic), basic science (50% vs. 6% academic), neurosurgery (50% vs. 14% academic), and nursing (33% vs. 0% academic) in the top three types of studies conducted. Academic centers were more likely to report non-profit status (86% academic, 50% non-academic) and utilized research funding from external governmental or non-profit grants more often (76% vs 17%).

Conclusions
Survey results suggest that academic centers may have more physician, resident, and financial resources available to dedicate to trauma research, which may make fulfillment of ACS level I research requirements easier. Structural and institutional changes at non-academic centers, such as expansion of general surgery resident programs and increased pursuit of external grant funding, may help ensure that academic and non-academic sites are equally equipped to fulfill ACS research criteria.
High expression level of miR-1260 family in the peripheral blood of patients with ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Ghafour Arash Adamnejad , Odemis Demet Akdeniz , Tuncer Seref Bugra , Kurt Busra , Saral Mukaddes Avsar , Erciyas Seda Kilic , Erdogan Ozge Sukruoglu , Celik Betul , Saip Pinar , Yazici Hulya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe most common gynecologic cancers detected in women in Turkey are uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer. These data reported that a mean of 3800 individuals were diagnosed with uterine cancer, 2790 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer, and 1950 were diagnosed with cervical cancer, and 400 individuals were diagnosed with other gynecologic cancers each year in Turkey. A mean of 14.270 individuals were detected to have been diagnosed with gynecologic cancers each year in the United States of America (USA). Ovarian cancer treatment is generally composed of chemotherapy, and surgery. In general, chemotherapy is administered after surgery. The identification of the molecular pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and discovery of new moleculer biomarkers which facilitate the ovarian cancer treatment are required for an effective ovarian cancer treatment in clinics. miRNAs are reported to be the possible biologic indicators for various cancer types. We aimed to investigate 2 miRNAs which were suggested to have effect in ovarian cancer in our (previous) monozygotic twin study from miR-1260 microRNA family whose association with ovarian cancer yet has not been reported in the literature. We investigated the expression levels of miR-1260a, and miR-1260b miRNAs, in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 150 familial and sporadic ovarian cancer patients, and of 100 healthy individuals of the control group who were matched for age, sex, and ethnicity with the patient group, and investigated their possible property of being a biologic indicator for ovarian cancer. The expression results of ovarian cancer patients were evaluated by comparison of the results of the control group in the study. The expression levels of miR-1260a, and miR-1260b in ovarian cancer patients were found highly increased compared with the levels in the control group. miR-1260a expression level in ovarian cancer patients was detected to have increased approximately 17 fold compared with the control group, and miR-1260b expression level in ovarian cancer patients was detected to have increased approximately 33 fold compared with the levels in the control group. The String Analyses showed that the miR-1260a was associated with the ribosomal protein family which was known to be effective in the translation stage of cell and that miR-1260b was associated with CHEK2 protein which was a member of the serine/threonine-protein kinase family. It should be investigated for larger cohorts in benign ovarian diseases and in different stages of patients receiving ovarian cancer treatment whether these two molecules are a noninvasive biomarker and therapeutic target to be used especially in the early diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer in future.
Reliability of prognostic biomarkers after prehospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation with target temperature management
Authors: Petermichl Walter , Philipp Alois , Hiller Karl-Anton , Foltan Maik , Floerchinger Bernhard , Graf Bernhard , Lunz Dirk 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) performed at the emergency scene in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) can minimize low-flow time. Target temperature management (TTM) after cardiac arrest can improve neurological outcome. A combination of ECPR and TTM, both implemented as soon as possible on scene, appears to have promising results in OHCA. To date, it is still unknown whether the implementation of TTM and ECPR on scene affects the time course and value of neurological biomarkers.

Methods
69 ECPR patients were examined in this study. Blood samples were collected between 1 and 72 h after ECPR and analyzed for S100, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), lactate, D-dimers and interleukin 6 (IL6). Cerebral performance category (CPC) scores were used to assess neurological outcome after ECPR upon hospital discharge. Resuscitation data were extracted from the Regensburg extracorporeal membrane oxygenation database and all data were analyzed by a statistician. The data were analyzed using non-parametric methods. Diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers was determined by area under the curve (AUC) analysis. Results were compared to the relevant literature.

Results
Non-hypoxic origin of cardiac arrest, manual chest compression until ECPR, a short low-flow time until ECPR initiation, low body mass index (BMI) and only a minimal need of extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation support were associated with a good neurological outcome after ECPR. Survivors with good neurological outcome had significantly lower lactate, IL6, D-dimer, and NSE values and demonstrated a rapid decrease in the initial S100 value compared to non-survivors.

Conclusions
A short low-flow time until ECPR initiation is important for a good neurological outcome. Hypoxia-induced cardiac arrest has a high mortality rate even when ECPR and TTM are performed at the emergency scene. ECPR patients with a higher BMI had a worse neurological outcome than patients with a normal BMI. The prognostic biomarkers S100, NSE, lactate, D-dimers and IL6 were reliable indicators of neurological outcome when ECPR and TTM were performed at the emergency scene.
Efficacy and safety of polysaccharide iron complex capsules compared with iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients: study protocol for a randomized, open-label, positive control, multicenter trial (IHOPE)
Authors: Lu Renhua , Zhang Xu , Cai Xudong , Wang Xiaoxia , Li Hua , Wang Li , Zhou Yijun , Shen Jianxiao , Liu Qian , Zhang Haifen , Ni Zhaohui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Anemia is one of the main complications of chronic kidney disease especially kidney failure, which includes treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and iron supplementation, including intravenous and oral iron. However, intravenous iron may pose limitations, such as potential infusion reactions. Oral iron is mainly composed of divalent iron, which can excessively stimulate the gastrointestinal tract. Iron polysaccharide complex capsules are a novel oral iron trivalent supplement with higher iron content and lower gastrointestinal irritation. However, since high-quality evidence-based medicinal support is lacking, it is necessary to conduct clinical studies to further evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral iron polysaccharide complex in chronic kidney disease patients.

Methods
This randomized controlled trial uses an open-label, parallel group design, where the efficacy and safety of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) participants is evaluated. The experimental group is assigned erythropoietins and iron polysaccharide complex (two capsules each time, bid), and the control group is assigned erythropoietin and sucrose iron (100mg, 2w) injection. Participants (aged 18–75 years) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were considered for screening. Inclusion criteria included hemoglobin (Hb) ≥110g/L and < 130g/L, transferrin saturation (TSAT) > 20% and < 50%, and serum ferritin (SF) > 200μg/L and < 500μg/L. Exclusion criteria included acute or chronic bleeding, serum albumin < 35g/L, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (HsCRP) > 10 mg/L, and severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (iPTH ≥ 800 pg/mL). Full inclusion and exclusion criteria are described in the “Methods” section. The primary endpoint is TSAT of the participants at week 12. Secondary endpoints include Hb, SF, hematocrit (Hct), HsCRP, pharmacoeconomic evaluation, drug costs, quality of life, and indicators of oxidative stress. The treatment will last for 24 weeks with a follow-up visit at baseline (within 7 days prior to initial treatment) and weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 after initial treatment. This clinical research includes 9 hemodialysis centers in mainland China and plans to enroll 186 participants.

Discussion
It is expected that it will provide strong evidence to reveal the clinical efficacy and safety of oral iron in the treatment of chronic CKD-related anemia in MHD patients through this clinical trial.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000031166. Registered on March 23, 2020
Engineering Escherichia coli for highly efficient production of lacto-N-triose II from N-acetylglucosamine, the monomer of chitin
Authors: Hu Duoduo , Wu Hao , Zhu Yingying , Zhang Wenli , Mu Wanmeng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Lacto-N-triose II (LNT II), an important backbone for the synthesis of different human milk oligosaccharides, such as lacto-N-neotetraose and lacto-N-tetraose, has recently received significant attention. The production of LNT II from renewable carbon sources has attracted worldwide attention from the perspective of sustainable development and green environmental protection.

Results
In this study, we first constructed an engineered E. coli cell factory for producing LNT II from N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) feedstock, a monomer of chitin, by introducing heterologous β-1,3-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, resulting in a LNT II titer of 0.12 g L−1. Then, lacZ (lactose hydrolysis) and nanE (GlcNAc-6-P epimerization to ManNAc-6-P) were inactivated to further strengthen the synthesis of LNT II, and the titer of LNT II was increased to 0.41 g L−1. To increase the supply of UDP-GlcNAc, a precursor of LNT II, related pathway enzymes including GlcNAc-6-P deacetylase, glucosamine synthase, and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase, were overexpressed in combination, optimized, and modulated. Finally, a maximum titer of 15.8 g L−1 of LNT II was obtained in a 3-L bioreactor with optimal enzyme expression levels and β-lactose and GlcNAc feeding strategy.

Conclusions
Metabolic engineering of E. coli is an effective strategy for LNT II production from GlcNAc feedstock. The titer of LNT II could be significantly increased by modulating the gene expression strength and blocking the bypass pathway, providing a new utilization for GlcNAc to produce high value-added products.
Sugar prevalence in Aedes albopictus differs by habitat, sex and time of day on Masig Island, Torres Strait, Australia
Authors: Swan T. , Ritmejerytė E. , Sebayang B. , Jones R. , Devine G. , Graham M. , Zich F. A. , Staunton K. M. , Russell T. L. , Burkot T. R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSugar feeding is a fundamental behaviour of many mosquito species. ForAedes albopictus, an important vector of dengue virus and chikungunya virus, little is known about its sugar-feeding behaviour, and no studies have been conducted on this in the southern hemisphere. This knowledge is pivotal for determining the potential of attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) to control this important vector.MethodsThe prevalence of sugar was assessed in 1808Ae. albopictusfrom Masig Island, Torres Strait, Australia collected between 13 and 25 March 2020. Fructose presence and content in field-collectedAe. albopictuswere quantified using the cold anthrone assay.ResultsSignificantly more male (35.8%) than female (28.4%)Ae. albopictuswere sugar fed. There was a significant interaction between sex and time of day on the probability of capturing sugar-fedAe. albopictus. For both sexes, fructose prevalence and content were higher in mosquitoes caught in the morning than in the afternoon. FemaleAe. albopictuscollected in the residential habitat were significantly more likely to be sugar fed than those collected in the woodland habitat.ConclusionsThese findings provide baseline information about the sugar-feeding patterns ofAe. albopictusand provide essential information to enable an assessment of the potential of ATSBs for vector suppression and control on Masig Island, with relevance to other locations where this species occurs.Graphical abstract
Oviposition of Culicoides insignis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) under laboratory conditions with notes on the developmental life history traits of its immature stages
Authors: Erram Dinesh , Burkett-Cadena Nathan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Culicoides insignis is a confirmed vector of bluetongue virus (BTV) throughout the American tropics and a possible vector of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) in Florida. Despite its importance, fundamental information on the biology and ecology of this vector species is lacking. In this study, we examined the oviposition of C. insignis under laboratory conditions, monitored the development of immature stages and attempted colonization of this species.

Methods
Live C. insignis females were collected from the field using CDC-UV-LED traps, allowed to blood-feed on live chicken and given various natural substrates for oviposition in two-choice assays. The eggs deposited were transferred to 0.3% agar slants, and the hatched larvae were provided a diet of Panagrellus redivivus Linnaeus nematodes and the development of all immature stages was monitored.

Results
Culicoides insignis females exhibited an overall oviposition preference for dishes containing mud from their larval habitat as gravid females deposited a significantly higher number of eggs on these dishes (35.3 eggs/female) than on controls (17.7 eggs/female). The ovipositing females also deposited a higher percentage of eggs on substrates with habitat mud and other organically enriched muds (≥ 75.2%) compared to controls (31.0%). The larvae developed successfully to adulthood on the nematode diet, exhibiting high overall larval survival rates (85.0%). Sex ratios of the F1 generation were male biased, approximately 3:1 (male:female). Captive mating could not be induced in the F1 adults.

Conclusions
Mud from the larval habitat and other organically enriched muds provide strong oviposition cues to C. insignis under laboratory conditions. Further studies will be needed to identify the key biotic/abiotic factors influencing midge oviposition in the field. The agar/nematode method is effective for the rearing of C. insignis larvae. However, further studies will be needed to address the issue of male-biased sex ratios in the progeny and to examine the mating habits/cues of C. insignis in nature, which may provide clues towards inducing captive mating in the F1 adults.

Graphical abstract
Telomere-specific chromatin capture using a pyrrole–imidazole polyamide probe for the identification of proteins and non-coding RNAs
Authors: Ide Satoru , Sasaki Asuka , Kawamoto Yusuke , Bando Toshikazu , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Maeshima Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Knowing chromatin components at a DNA regulatory element at any given time is essential for understanding how the element works during cellular proliferation, differentiation and development. A region-specific chromatin purification is an invaluable approach to dissecting the comprehensive chromatin composition at a particular region. Several methods (e.g., PICh, enChIP, CAPTURE and CLASP) have been developed for isolating and analyzing chromatin components. However, all of them have some shortcomings in identifying non-coding RNA associated with DNA regulatory elements.

Results
We have developed a new approach for affinity purification of specific chromatin segments employing an N-methyl pyrrole (P)-N-methylimidazole (I) (PI) polyamide probe, which binds to a specific sequence in double-stranded DNA via Watson–Crick base pairing as a minor groove binder. This new technique is called proteomics and RNA-omics of isolated chromatin segments (PI-PRICh). Using PI-PRICh to isolate mouse and human telomeric components, we found enrichments of shelterin proteins, the well-known telomerase RNA component (TERC) and telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA). When PI-PRICh was performed for alternative lengthening of telomere (ALT) cells with highly recombinogenic telomeres, in addition to the conventional telomeric chromatin, we obtained chromatin regions containing telomeric repeat insertions scattered in the genome and their associated RNAs.

Conclusion
PI-PRICh reproducibly identified both the protein and RNA components of telomeric chromatin when targeting telomere repeats. PI polyamide is a promising alternative to simultaneously isolate associated proteins and RNAs of sequence-specific chromatin regions under native conditions, allowing better understanding of chromatin organization and functions within the cell.
Machine learning-based prediction model for responses of bDMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Lee Seulkee , Kang Seonyoung , Eun Yeonghee , Won Hong-Hee , Kim Hyungjin , Lee Jaejoon , Koh Eun-Mi , Cha Hoon-Suk 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Few studies on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have generated machine learning models to predict biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) responses; however, these studies included insufficient analysis on important features. Moreover, machine learning is yet to be used to predict bDMARD responses in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Thus, in this study, machine learning was used to predict such responses in RA and AS patients.

Methods
Data were retrieved from the Korean College of Rheumatology Biologics therapy (KOBIO) registry. The number of RA and AS patients in the training dataset were 625 and 611, respectively. We prepared independent test datasets that did not participate in any process of generating machine learning models. Baseline clinical characteristics were used as input features. Responders were defined as those who met the ACR 20% improvement response criteria (ACR20) and ASAS 20% improvement response criteria (ASAS20) in RA and AS, respectively, at the first follow-up. Multiple machine learning methods, including random forest (RF-method), were used to generate models to predict bDMARD responses, and we compared them with the logistic regression model.

Results
The RF-method model had superior prediction performance to logistic regression model (accuracy: 0.726 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.725–0.730] vs. 0.689 [0.606–0.717], area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) 0.638 [0.576–0.658] vs. 0.565 [0.493–0.605], F1 score 0.841 [0.837–0.843] vs. 0.803 [0.732–0.828], AUC of the precision-recall curve 0.808 [0.763–0.829] vs. 0.754 [0.714–0.789]) with independent test datasets in patients with RA. However, machine learning and logistic regression exhibited similar prediction performance in AS patients. Furthermore, the patient self-reporting scales, which are patient global assessment of disease activity (PtGA) in RA and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) in AS, were revealed as the most important features in both diseases.

Conclusions
RF-method exhibited superior prediction performance for responses of bDMARDs to a conventional statistical method, i.e., logistic regression, in RA patients. In contrast, despite the comparable size of the dataset, machine learning did not outperform in AS patients. The most important features of both diseases, according to feature importance analysis were patient self-reporting scales.
A framework exploring the therapeutic alliance between elite athletes and physiotherapists: a qualitative study
Authors: Charmant W. M. , van der Wees P. J. , Staal J. B. , van Cingel R. , Sieben J. M. , de Bie R. A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The therapeutic alliance (TA) is the bond between a patient and a physiotherapist during collaboration on recovery or training. Previous studies focused on the TA between physiotherapists and patients of the general population. Little information exists on whether this is similar in the demanding environment of elite athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate the components of TA between elite athletes and physiotherapists.

Methods
Ten elite athletes and ten physiotherapists were interviewed using one-on-one semi-structured interviews between June 2020 and October 2020. Athletes were included if they competed at national or international championships. Physiotherapists had to treat elite athletes on a regular basis. Interview questions were based on TA components of the general physiotherapy population. The interviews were transcribed and coded using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
The analysis resulted in an elite athlete TA framework which consists of nine themes and ten subthemes that could influence the TA. The nine themes are trust, communication, professional bond, social bond, elite athlete, physiotherapist, time, pressure and adversity, and external factors. This showed that the TA consists of bonds on different social levels, depends on the traits of both elite athletes and physiotherapists, and can be positively and negatively influenced by the external environment. The influences from the external environment seem to be more present in the elite athlete TA compared to the TA in the general physiotherapy setting. Multiple relations between themes were discovered. Trust is regarded as the main connecting theme.

Conclusion
This study provides a framework to better understand the complex reality of the TA between elite athletes and physiotherapists. Compared to the general physiotherapy setting, new themes emerged. The created framework can help elite athletes and physiotherapists to reflect and improve their TA and subsequently improve treatment outcomes.