bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Focal Adhesion-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Glioma and Correlates With Radiation Response and Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Li Haonan , Wang Guohui , Wang Wenyan , Pan Jie , Zhou Huandi , Han Xuetao , Su Linlin , Ma Zhenghui , Hou Liubing , Xue Xiaoying 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundGlioma is the most frequent brain malignancy presenting very poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Focal adhesion complexes play pivotal roles in cell migration and act as hubs of several signaling pathways.MethodsWe used bioinformatic databases (CGGA, TCGA, and GEO) and identified a focal adhesion-related differential gene expression (FADG) signature by uniCox and LASSO regression analysis. We calculated the risk score of every patient using the regression coefficient value and expression of each gene. Survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), principal component analysis (PCA), and stratified analysis were used to validate the FADG signature. Then, we conducted GSEA to identify the signaling pathways related to the FADG signature. Correlation analysis of risk scores between the immune checkpoint was performed. In addition, the correlation of risk scores and genes related with DNA repair was performed. CIBERSORT and ssGSEA were used to explore the tumor microenvironment (TME). A nomogram that involved our FADG signature was also constructed.ResultsIn total, 1,726 (528 patients diagnosed with WHO II, 591 WHO III, and 603 WHO IV) cases and 23 normal samples were included in our study. We identified 29 prognosis-related genes in the LASSO analysis and constructed an eight FADG signature. The results from the survival analysis, stratified analysis, ROC curve, and univariate and multivariate regression analysis revealed that the prognosis of the high-risk group was significantly worse than the low-risk group. Correlation analysis between risk score and genes that related with DNA repair showed that the risk score was positively related with BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, TGFB1, and TP53. Besides, we found that the signature could predict the prognosis of patients who received radiation therapy. SsGSEA indicated that the high-risk score was positively correlated with the ESTIMATE, immune, and stromal scores but negatively correlated with tumor purity. Notably, patients in the high-risk group had a high infiltration of immunocytes. The correlation analysis revealed that the risk score was positively correlated with B7-H3, CTLA4, LAG3, PD-L1, and TIM3 but inversely correlated with PD-1.ConclusionThe FADG signature we constructed could provide a sensitive prognostic model for patients with glioma and contribute to improve immunotherapy management guidelines.
Clinical Predictors of Wheezing Among Children Infected With Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
Authors: Kong Kaimeng , Ding Ying , Wu Beirong , Lu Min , Gu Haoxiang 
Published: September 2021

Background:Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) not only was a common pathogen of respiratory tract infections, but also could trigger the exacerbation of asthmatic symptoms in children with or without asthma.Objective: This study aimed to identify possible risk factors associated with wheezing among children diagnosed with MP infection.Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records of children aged 28 days to 18 years old who visited the Shanghai Children's Hospital between January 2019 and January 2020 was carried out, and all children were then classified into three groups: two wheezing groups (with or without MP infection) and a non-wheezing group with MP infection. Information including patient's demographics, clinical features, laboratory data, and radiography findings was extracted from the electronic medical record system. Chest radiographs were reviewed independently by two board-certified, blinded pediatric radiologists.Results: A total of 1,512 patients were included in our study, and 21.9% of them belonged to the wheezing group without MP infection. Among 1,181 patients with MP infection, 295 people (25.0%) suffered from wheezing, and males accounted for 61%. Through the multivariable logistic regression analyses, we found that six variables were positively associated with wheezing attacks in children with MP infection: male gender (likelihood ratio [LR] = 2.124, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.478–3.053), history of allergy (LR= 3.301, 95% CI: 2.206–4.941), history of wheezing (LR = 7.808, 95% CI: 5.276–11.557), autumn in reference to summer (LR = 2.414, 95% CI: 1.500–3.885), non-end-point infiltration in reference to consolidation or pleural effusion (LR = 1.982, 95% CI: 1.348–2.914), and infiltration scope (LR = 1.773, 95% CI: 1.293–2.432). However, the model showed that the probability of wheezing after MP infection decreased as age increased (LR = 0.257, 95% CI: 0.196–0.337). Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of the regression model was as high as 0.901 (0.847–0.955).Conclusion: The model integrated with factors including gender, age, season, radiological patterns, infiltration scope, and history of allergy performed well in predicting wheezing attack after MP infection in children.
Delivery Modality Affect Neonatal Levels of Inflammation, Stress, and Growth Factors
Authors: Kiilerich Pia , Cortes Rikke , Lausten-Thomsen Ulrik , Borbye-Lorenzen Nis , Holmgaard Solveig , Skogstrand Kristin 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: As part of the study CODIBINE, Correlations and Diagnoses for Biomarkers in New-borns, the main objective of the study was to explore neonatal inflammation, stress, neurodevelopment, and growth factors after in-labor and pre-labor cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery. Increasing evidence has shown that birth delivery mode has an impact on imminent and long-term child health. However, the effect of the timing of cesarean section is insufficiently elucidated. The main objective of the study was to explore the effect of different delivery modes, vaginal delivery compared to cesarean section with or without initiation of labor, on the infants.Methods: We designed a retrospective cohort study, including dried blood spot samples from mature (gestational age ≥ 37) newborns delivered in the years 2009-2011. The newborns were divided into three groups after delivery mode: (1) pre-labor cesarean section (n = 714), i.e., cesarean delivery without initiation of labor, (2) in-labor cesarean section (n = 655), i.e., cesarean section after initiation of labor, and (3) vaginal delivery (n = 5,897). We measured infant levels of inflammatory (IL-18, MCP-1, CRP, sTNF RI), stress (HSP-70), growth (EGF, VEGF-A), and neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NT-3, S100B) 2–4 days after birth.Results: The neonatal levels of inflammatory and stress markers were significantly lower, while the levels of growth factors were higher after pre-labor cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery. The biomarker levels were similar after in-labor cesarean section and vaginal delivery. Removing cases with pre-labor rupture of membranes and artificial rupture of membranes in the calculations did not change the results. The levels of neurotrophic factors were unaffected by delivery form. Males had generally higher levels of inflammation and lower levels of growth and neurotrophic factors. Overall, the levels of inflammatory markers increased, and the growth factors decreased with increasing gestational age.Conclusion: The present study of the biomarker levels after birth suggests that the labor process has an important effect on the fetal immune system and level of stress, regardless if the delivery ends with cesarean section or vaginal birth.
CBD Alleviates Liver Injuries in Alcoholics With High-Fat High-Cholesterol Diet Through Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome–Pyroptosis Pathway
Authors: Jiang Xuye , Gu Yingying , Huang Yuanling , Zhou Yujia , Pang Nengzhi , Luo Jing , Tang Zhaoyang , Zhang Zhenfeng , Yang Lili 
Published: September 2021

Alcohol abuse and high-fat diet–induced liver diseases have been the most prevalent chronic liver diseases and the leading reasons for liver transplantation around the world. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a botanical component extracted from marijuana plants without psychoactive impact. In our previous reports, we found that CBD can prevent fatty liver induced by Lieber–DeCarli ethanol diet or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by high-fat high-cholesterol diet. The current work is a further study on whether CBD can alleviate liver injuries induced by ethanol plus high-fat high-cholesterol diet (EHFD), which is a model simulating heavy alcohol drinkers in a Western diet. A mice liver injury model induced by EHFD for 8 weeks was applied to explore the protective properties of CBD and the underlying mechanisms. We found that CBD prevented liver steatosis and oxidative stress induced by EHFD. CBD treatment inhibited macrophage recruitment and suppressed activation of NFκB–NLRP3–pyroptosis pathway in mice livers. The hepatoprotective property of CBD in the current model might be a result of inhibition of inflammation via alleviating activation of the hepatic NFκB–NLRP3 inflammasome–pyroptosis pathway by CBD.
Yeokwisan, a Standardized Herbal Formula, Enhances Gastric Emptying via Modulation of the Ghrelin Pathway in a Loperamide-induced Functional Dyspepsia Mouse Model
Authors: Hwang Seung-Ju , Wang Jing-Hua , Lee Jin-Seok , Lee Hwa-Dong , Choi Tae-Joon , Choi Seo-Hyung , Son Chang-Gue 
Published: September 2021

Background: Yeokwisan, a standardized herbal formula, has exhibited clinical benefit for patients suffering from refractory functional dyspepsia (FD) in Korea since 2016. However, data about the mechanism of action of this formula are yet not available.Aim of the study: To evaluate and explore the effects of Yeokwisan on gastric emptying, a major symptom of functional dyspepsia, and its underlying mechanisms of action using a mouse model.Materials and methods: BALB/C mice were pretreated with Yeokwisan (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, po) or mosapride (3 mg/kg, po) for 5 days and then treated with loperamide (10 mg/kg, ip) after 20 h of fasting. A solution of 0.05% phenol red (500 μL) or diet of 5% charcoal (200 μL) was orally administered, followed by assessment of gastric emptying or intestinal transit. Plasma acyl-ghrelin (ELISA), C-kit (immunofluorescence and western blotting), nNOS (western blotting) and gastric contraction- and ghrelin-related gene/protein expression levels were examined in stomach and small intestine tissues.Results: Loperamide injection substantially delayed gastric emptying, while Yeokwisan pretreatment (especially 200 and 400 mg/kg Yeokwisan) significantly attenuated this peristaltic dysfunction, as evidenced by the quantity of phenol red retained in the stomach (p &lt; 0.05 or 0.01) and stomach weight (p &lt; 0.05 or 0.01). The levels of plasma acyl-ghrelin and expression of gastric ghrelin-related genes, such as growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT), adrenergic receptor β1 (ADRB1) and somatostatin receptor (SSTR), were significantly normalized (p &lt; 0.05 or 0.01) by Yeokwisan (400 mg/kg). Yeokwisan (400 mg/kg) significantly tempered the loperamide-induced alterations in the c-kit and nNOS levels (p &lt; 0.01) as well as the expression of contraction- and ghrelin-related genes, such as 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R), anoctamin-1 (ANO1), ryanodine receptor 3 (RYR3) and smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (smMLCK), in the stomach, but not in the small intestine.Conclusion: The present results showed the clinical relevance of Yeokwisan, in treating FD, especially in promoting gastric emptying but not small intestinal transit. The main mechanisms corresponding to these effects may involve the modulation of the ghrelin pathway and activation of interstitial cells of Cajal in stomach tissue.
Examining the Effect of Adverbs and Onomatopoeia on Physical Movement
Authors: Irie Keisuke , Zhao Shuo , Okamoto Kazuhiro , Liang Nan 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The effect of promoting a physical reaction by the described action is called the action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE). It has been verified that physical motion changes depending on the time phase and grammatical expression. However, it is unclear how adverbs and onomatopoeia change motion simulations and subsequent movements.Methods: The subjects were 35 healthy adults (11 females; mean age 21.3). We prepared 20 sentences each, expressing actions related to hands and feet. These were converted into 80 sentences (stimulus set A), with the words “Slow” or “Quick” added to the words related to the speed of movement, and 80 sentences (stimulus set B) with the words “Fast” and onomatopoeia “Satto” added. Additionally, 20 unnatural sentences were prepared for each stimulus set as pseudo sentences. Choice reaction time was adopted; subjects pressed the button with their right hand only when the presented text was correctly understood (Go no-go task). The reaction time (RTs) and the number of errors (NoE) were recorded and compared.Results: As a result of a two-way repeated ANOVA, an interaction effect (body parts × words) was observed in RTs and NoE in set A. “Hand and Fast” had significantly faster RTs than “Hand and Slow” and “Foot and Fast.” Furthermore, “Hand and Fast” had a significantly higher NoE than others. In set B, the main effects were observed in both RTs and NoE. “Hand” and “Satto” had significantly faster RTs than “Foot” and “Quick,” respectively. Additionally, an interaction effect was observed in NoE, wherein “Foot and Satto” was significantly higher than “Hand and Satto” and “Foot and Quick.”Conclusion: In this study, the word “Fast” promoted hand response, reaffirming ACE. The onomatopoeia “Satto” was a word that conveys the speed of movement, but it was suggested that the degree of understanding may be influenced by the body part and the attributes of the subject.
Conduits for Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction in Infants and Young Children
Authors: Qian Tao , Yuan Haoyong , Chen Chunyang , Liu Yuhong , Lu Ting , Huang Can , Wu Zhongshi 
Published: September 2021

Purpose of Review: Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction remains a challenge due to the lack of an ideal conduit. Data and experience are accumulating with each passing day. Therefore, it is necessary to review this topic from time to time. This is a 2021 update review focused on the history, evolution, and current situation of small-sized conduits (≤ 16 mm) for RVOT reconstruction in infants and young children.Recent Findings: Currently, the available small-sized (≤16 mm) conduits can meet most clinical needs. Homograft is still a reliable choice for infants and young children validated by a half-century clinical experience. As an alternative material, bovine jugular vein conduit (BJVC) has at least comparable durability with that of homograft. The performance of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is amazing in RVOT position according to limited published data. The past century has witnessed much progress in the materials for RVOT reconstruction. However, lack of growth potential is the dilemma for small-sized conduits. Tissue-engineering based on cell-free scaffolds is the most promising technology to obtain the ideal conduit.Summary: No conduit has proved to have lifelong durability in RVOT position. We are far from the ideal, but we are not in a state of emergency. In-depth clinical research as well as innovation in material science are needed to help improve the durability of the conduits used in infants and young children.
Over-Expression of the Cell-Cycle Gene LaCDKB1;2 Promotes Cell Proliferation and the Formation of Normal Cotyledonary Embryos during Larix kaempferi Somatic Embryogenesis
Authors: Kang Yanhui , Li Wanfeng , Zhang Lifeng , Qi Liwang 
Published: September 2021

Somatic embryogenesis is an effective tool for the production of forest tree seedlings with desirable characteristics; however, the low initiation frequency and productivity of high-quality mature somatic embryos are still limiting factors for Larix kaempferi (Japanese larch). Here, we analyzed the expression pattern of L. kaempferi cyclin-dependent kinase B 1;2 (LaCDKB1;2) during somatic embryogenesis in L. kaempferi and its relationship with the cell proliferation rate. We also analyzed the effect of LaCDKB1;2 over-expression on somatic embryo quality. The results revealed a positive correlation between LaCDKB1;2 expression and the cell proliferation rate during the proliferation stage. After LaCDKB1;2 over-expression, the proliferation rate of cultures increased, and the number of somatic embryos in transgenic cultures was 2.69 times that in non-transformed cultures. Notably, the number of normal cotyledonary embryos in transgenic cultures was 3 times that in non-transformed cultures, indicating that LaCDKB1;2 not only increases the proliferation of cultures and the number of somatic embryos but also improves the quality of somatic embryos. These results provide insight into the regulatory mechanisms of somatic embryogenesis as well as new Larix breeding material.
Galvano-Fenton Engineering Solution with Spontaneous Catalyst’s Generation from Waste: Experimental Efficiency, Parametric Analysis and Modeling Interpretation Applied to a Clean Technology for Dyes Degradation in Water
Authors: Ferkous Hamza , Kerboua Kaouther , Hamdaoui Oualid , Haddour Naoufel , Alghyamah Abdulaziz 
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the degradation of the diazo dye naphthol blue black (NBB) using the Galvano-Fenton process is studied experimentally and numerically. The simulations are carried out based on the anodic, cathodic, and 34 elementary reactions evolving in the electrolyte, in addition to the oxidative attack of NBB by HO• at a constant rate of 3.35×107 mol−1·m3·s−1 during the initiation stage of the chain reactions. The selection of the operating conditions including the pH of the electrolyte, the stirring speed, and the electrodes disposition is performed by assessing the kinetics of NBB degradation; these parameters are set to 3, 350 rpm and a parallel disposition with a 3 cm inter-electrode distance, respectively. The kinetics of Fe(III) in the electrolyte were monitored using the principles of Fricke dosimetry and simulated numerically. The model showed more than a 96% correlation with the experimental results in both the blank test and the presence of the dye. The effects of H2O2 and NBB concentrations on the degradation of the dye were examined jointly with the evolution of the simulated H2O2, Fe2+, and HO• concentrations in the electrolyte. The model demonstrated a good correlation with the experimental results in terms of the initial degradation rates, with correlation coefficients exceeding 98%.
Determinación de los parámetros óptimos en el procesamiento de la acara (Carica candicaens Gray) en almíbar
Authors: Huaylla Ramirez Kamiggia Jhonal , Ruiz Rodríguez Alfonso , Ore Areche Franklin 
Published: September 2021

Perú es conocido por tener una gran diversidad de frutas exóticas, entre ellas se encuentra la Carica candicaens Gray. La presentación de almíbar de acara como una alternativa de conservar los frutos e incentivar su consumo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinara los parámetros de elaboración del almíbar de acara, determinar la aceptabilidad y realizar el análisis microbiológico al almíbar de acara. Para la elaboración del se obtuvo el fruto de acara del distrito de Ticrapo, provincia de Castrovirreyna – Huancavelica; se realizaron 3 tratamientos, cada uno a diferentes temperaturas y tiempos. El análisis sensorial se realizó con 15 panelistas semi entrenados, teniendo como resultado para el color 3,83 de aceptación, para el aroma 3,81 de aceptación, para el sabor 3,80 de aceptación y la consistencia 3,86 de aceptación. Del análisis sensorial puede indicarse que existen diferencias significativas para cada atributo evaluado entre los 3 tratamientos. El tratamiento 2 (T2) ha sido escaldado a 60 °C por 2 minutos. Para las características fisicoquímicas del almíbar se determinó el pH y el °Brix, obteniendo 4,0 y 18 respectivamente, lo cual indica que el almíbar está dentro de los rangos y se encuentra en la clasificación de almíbar ligero. Se realizó el análisis químico proximal al fruto y al almíbar, no habiendo diferencias en ambos resultados. Para el análisis microbiológico se determinó las Bacterias Aerobios Mesófilos <10 ufc/g, Coliformes totales <10 ufc/g y E. Coli NMP <3 NMP/g, este resultado indica que el producto se encuentra apto para el consumo humano.
RESEARCH OF OPERATING SYSTEMS AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION AMONG ORDINARY USERS AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS
Authors: Моисеенко Н.А. , Абубакиров А-М.М. 
Published: September 2021

В данной статье будет проведено исследование операционных систем и выяснено каким операционным системамотдают предпочтение обычные пользователи иразличные разработчики ПО, для того чтобы в будущем использовать эти данные при разработке нового ПО.
In this article, we will conduct a study of operating systems and find out which operating systems are preferred by ordinary users and various software developers in order to use this data in the future when developing new software.
RESULTS OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING AT ONE OF THE WELLS OF THE SADOVOYE FIELD
Authors: Чернова Е.В. , Омельченко М.В. 
Published: September 2021

Суть гидроразрыва заключается в том, что в разрабатываемую скважину нагнетается жидкость разрыва, которая создаёт разницу в давлении, это провоцирует разрыв пласта. Чтобы трещина не сходилась, подаётся расклинивающий реагент - проппант, который удерживает нефтеносный пласт в раскрытом состоянии, повышая отдачу скважины.
The essence of hydraulic fracturing is that a fracturing fluid is injected into the developed well, which creates a difference in pressure, which provokes the formation rupture. In order for the crack not to converge, a proppant is supplied, which keeps the oil reservoir in the open state, increasing the return of the well.
INVOLVEMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HARD-TO-RECOVER RESERVES DUE TO THE COMMISSIONING OF WELLS OF COMPLEX ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Ковалев Д.В. , Муратов А. Т. , Кутуев М.У. 
Published: September 2021

На сегодняшний день на месторождениях Западной Сибири разрабатывают множество месторождений с суммарным дебитом нефти более 90 тыс. тонн в сутки. Такие показатели нефтедобычи достигаются путем ввода в эксплуатацию объектов разработки с низкопродуктивными коллекторами [1,2]. Часть добычи нефти из таких объектов растет с каждым годом. Но недостаточно просто ввести их в разработку, необходимо также получить выгоду от их эксплуатации. С этой целью постоянно введутся мероприятия по внедрению новых, а также, усовершенствованию уже применящихся технологий при строительстве скважин [3,4].
Nowadays, many fields with a total oil production rate of more than 90 thousand tons per day are being developed in the fields of Western Siberia. Such indicators of oil production are achieved by putting into operation development facilities with low-productive reservoirs [1,2]. Part of the oil production from such facilities is growing every year. But it is not enough just to introduce them into development, it is also necessary to benefit from their operation. To this end, measures will be constantly introduced to introduce new technologies, as well as to improve the technologies already used in the construction of wells [3,4].