bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saline water desalination with multilevel solar distillation
Authors: Wijaya D , Kusumadewi R A , Wijayanti A , Hadisoebroto R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We use freshwater to fulfil our activity, but the majority of water is classified as saline water. Saline water can be processed to become freshwater (desalination process), but the downside of using those technologies is the cost of energy that need to run the process. Using electrical power to run saline water treatment will make the process expensive, especially for coastal areas with bad energy resource and distribution. Renewable energy can become an alternative to power saline water desalination. Solar radiation is one of the renewable energies that can be used because thermal radiation from solar energy can be applied to drive desalination directly. This research aims to analyse production desalinated water volume to physical properties, water quality, and chemical removal from the desalination process. By making one set of multilevel solar still desalinator and run it using artificial saline water with concentration 15 gram/L for 3 days and 40 gram/L for 3 days, it can produce up to 509 ml freshwater by running desalinator from 09.00 to 15.00. Desalination process can remove 100% salinity, up to 99.90% of Chlorine ion. The pH of freshwater that produced quite low, the lowest pH is 5.45.
Assessment of the relationship between building density and urban heat island using Landsat images in Makassar City
Authors: Ridwan  , Rasyidi E S , Syafri  , Rahman R , Okviyani N , Jumadil  , Ma’rief A A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Increasing temperatures in urban areas provide many adverse effects, and such is the potential for fires, air pollution up to the comfort of life in the state capital, and the other problems, with the global warming which occurred in the world, such as the melting of ice on most of the north pole, unpredictable Global warming and the number of flora and fauna habitat damaged. The need for facilities and infrastructure is the main factor that triggers settlements’ development; in general, urban areas often experience densely populated settlements. Therefore, researchers feel the need to monitor the relationship between Urban Heat Island (UHI) in Makassar City. Monitoring of Urban Heat Island needed surface temperature data from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS with a thermal band resolution of 100m, building density needed NDBI models for data building density. This study analyses the relationship between building density and urban Heat Island using Landsat Imagery Data in Makassar city. The Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS imagery provides to be used to show the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon in Makassar City. In addition to UHI analysis, Landsat 8, Oil/TIRS imagery provides building density information using the NDBI spectral transformation. The results of the two result models’ determination tests show that Urban Heat Island and Building Density have a very high relationship.
The relationship between solid medical waste knowledge with attitudes and behaviors of students in Medical Professional Education Program (P3D) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Authors: Darus A R , Intan T K , Pohan P U , Supriatmo  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Healthcare workers in hospitals are vulnerable to risks associated with solid medical waste, such as used unsterile needles. This study aims to explain the relationship between knowledge with attitudes and behavior of students and solid medical waste knowledge. This was a descriptive-analytic study with consecutive sampling method, conducted from June to December 2018 on students of the medical professional education program at the Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. A questionnaire was performed to test the data validity and reliability, whereas the data was statistically analyzed using the Fisher Exact test. A total of 50 students consisting of 31 women (62%) and 19 men (38%), the majority were aged 22-23 years as many as 40 students (80%). On average, 26 students (52%) had a moderate level of knowledge, but more students had good attitudes and behaviors, that is 39 people (78%) and 33 people (66%), respectively. There is no relationship between knowledge about solid medical waste with the attitudes and behavior of students in the medical professional education program, with p-values = 0.227 (p> 0.05) and p-values = 0.217 (p> 0.05), respectively.
Waste bank system improvement for electronic waste recycling in Indonesia: a case study of Padang City
Authors: Raharjo S , Wulandari S , Fitriani S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Currently, Indonesia does not practice a formal management system for electronic waste (e-waste). The informal sector mostly conducts e-waste handling with limited concern for the environment and human health. The most challenging issue is establishing a collection system across the nation that is widely accepted by communities. Even though waste bank (WB) system does not practice e-waste collection, it may offer a solution since the system has been emerged as an accepted recycling program by Indonesian citizens. Therefore, this study discusses the WB system in collecting e-waste and proposes a model to connect with producers and/or recycling agents in Padang city. Field surveys and interviews with some key informants were conducted. E-wastes samples were identified to find the composition, recycling potency, market system in current and future management. The recycling potency of e-waste may reach 79% of total weight, while the hazardous content of 63%. WB must adopt a separate sales method to gain higher financial benefit. In order to establish a WB-based system for e-waste collection, the government must issue a national regulation on e-waste management and establish mutual cooperation between the local government, industries/producers, recycling industries, and communities.
Flood vulnerability and resilience: Exploring the factors that influence flooding in Sarawak
Authors: Abid S K , Sulaiman N , Wei C S , Nazir U 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Flooding is the most common natural disaster in Malaysia, resulting in chaos and disruptions to social and economic activities, damage to roads and railway tracks, vehicles, affecting the level of properties, loss of life, and rise in vulnerability. In addition to natural causes, floods are mainly attributed to continuous heavy rainfall, rapid development, unplanned urbanization, poor drainage system, and environmental degradation. This annual occurrence of floods has given a big impact on the lives of humans and other living beings. Due to the negative effects of floods, we need to pay serious attention and take alternative ways to reduce this disaster. This study aimed to investigate the vulnerability factors and understand the concept of vulnerability and resilience to manage floods in Sarawak. The researcher primarily focused on reviewing the printed and documented material of disasters in order to find the vulnerability factors. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that nature, human, and governance factors, contributed mostly to floods. The present study shows that vulnerability reduction along with emergency preparedness can reduce flood damages and fatalities. The innovative technologies must have to be considered to reduce vulnerability and build resilience for sustainable disaster risk reduction.
Research on Speed Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Air Compressor Based on UDE
Authors: Huang Xiuxi , Guo Hanming , Zhang Jialin , Li Rujiang , Lu Yao , Yang Peihao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper firstly establishes a four-dimensional index system for distribution network operation reliability. Using principal component analysis method, it extracts the main evaluation indicators from a large amount of data, and analyzes the influencing factors of the indicators according to the main evaluation indicators. According to the parallel association rules. The method establishes the relevant model, and extracts the main indicators of operational reliability and the strong correlation rules between each influencing factors, so as to obtain the main influencing factors. The artificial neural network is proposed to predict, based on historical data and real-time data. The main influencing factors are used as the input and output of the forecast, and the output is expressed by the main evaluation index, and the operational reliability index for a period of time is judged. The calculation of the proposed strategy can quickly and effectively predict the operational reliability of the distribution network.
Research on Layered Networking Protocol of Internet of Things for Power Transmission and Transformation Equipment
Authors: Bai Demeng , Ci Wenbin , Lin Ying , Wang Jian , Zheng Wenjie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe important component of transmission and transformation equipment in the power grid is whether the power grid can maintain a safe operation state depends on the safety and reliability of the transmission and transformation equipment itself. The application of Internet of things technology plays an important role in the management of transmission and transformation equipment. Therefore, in order to improve the high efficiency of transmission and transformation equipment, it is necessary to introduce and apply Internet of things technology. In order to improve the high efficiency of transmission and transformation equipment, it is necessary to introduce and apply Internet of things technology in power transmission and transformation equipment In the management of power transmission and transformation equipment, the application of Internet of things technology can promote the effective improvement of the accuracy of the monitoring results of equipment operation status to a certain extent, thus improving the operation quality of the whole power grid and promoting the construction of intelligent management system of power grid units. This paper first briefly expounds the technical meaning of Internet of things, and then analyzes the main application scenarios of layered network routing protocol in the management of transmission and transformation equipment, which provides an effective theoretical reference for the safe operation and high-quality operation of power grid.
A selection system for the position ideal of football players based on the AHP and TOPSIS methods
Authors: Anamisa D R , Kustiyahningsih Y , Yusuf M , Rochman E M S , Putro S S , Syakur M A , Bakti A S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Football is a fun, attractive, entertaining sport and provides satisfaction for the audience. However, Madura United, Indonesia, still not in good condition as the selection of the right players requires a long time. Several studies have overcome many of these problems using decision support systems. however, it has not reached good results. Therefore, this research develops a system using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods. The contribution of this research is to create a new framework by integrating AHP and TOPSIS methods with controlling iteration of consistency ratios, and automatic assessment of coaches for the right players’ selection in each position with to make comparison matrices in each criterion. So, a selection system can be supported to make a correct decision in selecting the right players for the team. The test results obtained the accuracy reached an average of 83.9% out of the four trials of the forwards, midfielders, defenders, and goalkeepers. In summary, the test results show the effectiveness of AHP and TOPSIS methods in supporting the decision to select the right football players.
Development of Web Based Information System for Branding Services
Authors: Doni A F , Mufarroha F A , Negera Y D P , Sugiarti E 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroducing a company or business in order to attract potential customers is a mandatory requirement so that the company or business has improved performance or can be more easily recognized by prospective customers, causing the company or business to sell products or services to prospective customers more easily because they are known and trusted by customers. Everything can be done easily using promotional services or professional branding services that follow the development of communication technology, in using these services companies or businesses do not need to come to the location where the service is located, the intended customers are not only local consumers and the promotional media used is not media print out. This research develops a web-based branding service information system, a system built using the Elicitation Requirement stage by distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews with system users and related parties in the development of the system, the System Requirement analysis stage based on functional and non-functional needs, system design use cases, Activity Diagrams and CDM PDM for database design, web-based implemented systems, using PHP, the coding process with Notepad ++ text editor, MySql as the database, testing using Black Box to test each system function, research results are obtained according to the stages that the system simplifies the ordering process for customers who want to use branding services, no need to come to what service location because it is done online, the media used are easily accepted by customers because it is done digitally and presented interactively for slow reach again is not only local but has expanded.
The Evaluation of Soil Chemistry Fertility in Dryland, Agroforestry, and Forest
Authors: Parjono  , Permadi M G , Witdarko Y , Kusumah R , Ekowati N Y 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the level of soil fertility with the parameters of soil fertility chemistry in the form of organic-C, Phosporous (P) available, Calium (K), Natrium (Na) available, Cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), and Base saturation (KB) soil. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative method of phenomenology by conducting quantitative land survey and laboratory analysis. Determination of status soil fertility based on technical guidelines for evaluating soil fertility at the Soil Research Center. The results showed the organic-C and P available content low in each land use, except for organic-C in forest land. The content of K in forest land and dryland agriculture is classified as high to low, whereas in agroforestry land is classified as moderate to low. Based on CEC in forest land and dryland agriculture is classified as high, whereas in agroforestry is classified as moderate. Based on KB, the condition of soils in forest land and agroforestry is classified as fertile on the surface horizon, while subsurface the fertility level is classified as infertile, while in the dryland agriculture the soil fertility is classified as moderate.
Facile preparations of superhydrophobic coatings with self-cleaning, mechanical durability, anticorrosion and easy-repairable properties
Authors: Zhan Yanlong , Yu Sirong , Amirfazli Alidad , Siddiqui Abdul Rahim , Li Wen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A facile and scalable way was developed to successfully prepare multifunctional superhydrophobic coatings (SHCs) by a one-step spraying method. The SHCs could be quickly coated on various substrates on a large scale and cured at room temperature. The as-prepared SHCs exhibited outstanding self-cleaning ability and chemical stability, and special optical properties underwater such as the silver-mirror and black-hole effects. Moreover, the SHCs had excellent anticorrosion property with a protection efficiency of 98.7% for the bare 2a12 Al alloys. Furthermore, the SHCs exhibited excellent mechanical durability and good adhesion strength to the substrate after mechanical abrasion test against 1000 grit SiC sandpaper for 1.0 m at the applied pressure of 5 kPa and scratch test. Additionally, the superhydrophobicity of SHCs could be regenerated by a simple spraying repair process after some severe abrasions, indicating a strong easy-repairable property. The present study therefore suggests that such versatile SHCs are promising for various practical applications in different fields.
Heterogenous runoff trends in peatland-dominated basins throughout the circumpolar North
Authors: Mack Mikhail , Connon Ryan , Makarieva Olga , McLaughlin James , Nesterova Nataliia , Quinton William 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The hydrological implications of discontinuous permafrost thaw in peatland-dominated basins are not well understood. While there is evidence suggesting that permafrost-thaw-driven land cover change increases annual runoff and the runoff ratio in the Taiga Plains of northwestern Canada, few studies have evaluated the impact on small to medium sized basins (<105 km2) outside this ecoregion. Here, we assess runoff, runoff ratio, and precipitation trends for 34 peatland-dominated basins, of which 28 are in the discontinuous and sporadic permafrost zones and 6 in adjacent permafrost-free environments. We calculated annual and monthly trends between 1970 and 2016 using the Mann-Kendall test and found that annual runoff, runoff ratio, and precipitation increased significantly in 25%, 16%, and 13% of basins respectively, at a 5% significance level, and decreased significantly in 3%, 19%, and 9% of basins, respectively. Increased annual runoff ratios occurred exclusively in basins overlying permafrost, while increases and decreases in annual runoff and precipitation were found in both permafrost and permafrost-free basins. Increases of annual runoff and runoff ratio occurred independently of precipitation changes in only the Taiga Plains and in the Western Siberian Plain. Runoff during winter increased significantly in all ecoregions and occurred independently of the areal extent of permafrost, although the magnitude of these increases was small compared with those of April and May.
Spatial variation of fine particulate matter levels in Nairobi before and during the COVID-19 curfew: implications for environmental justice
Authors: deSouza Priyanka N , Oriama Phoebe Atsieno , Pedersen Peter P , Horstmann Sebastian , Gordillo-Dagallier Lorena , Christensen Charles N , Franck Christoph O , Ayah Richard , Kahn Ralph A , Klopp Jacqueline M , Messier Kyle P , Kinney Patrick L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The temporary decrease of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in many parts of the world due to the COVID-19 lockdown spurred discussions on urban air pollution and health. However there has been little focus on sub-Saharan Africa, as few African cities have air quality monitors and if they do, these data are often not publicly available. Spatial differentials of changes in PM2.5 concentrations as a result of COVID also remain largely unstudied. To address this gap, we use a serendipitous mobile air quality monitoring deployment of eight Sensirion SPS 30 sensors on motorbikes in the city of Nairobi starting on 16 March 2020, before a COVID-19 curfew was imposed on 25 March and continuing until 5 May 2020. We developed a random-forest model to estimate PM2.5 surfaces for the entire city of Nairobi before and during the COVID-19 curfew. The highest PM2.5 concentrations during both periods were observed in the poor neighborhoods of Kariobangi, Mathare, Umoja, and Dandora, located to the east of the city center. Changes in PM2.5 were heterogeneous over space. PM2.5 concentrations increased during the curfew in rapidly urbanizing, the lower-middle-class neighborhoods of Kahawa, Kasarani, and Ruaraka, likely because residents switched from LPG to biomass fuels due to loss of income. Our results indicate that COVID-19 and policies to address it may have exacerbated existing air pollution inequalities in the city of Nairobi. The quantitative results are preliminary, due to sampling limitations and measurement uncertainties, as the available data came exclusively from low-cost sensors. This research serves to highlight that spatial data that is essential for understanding structural inequalities reflected in uneven air pollution burdens and differential impacts of events like the COVID pandemic. With the help of carefully deployed low-cost sensors with improved spatial sampling and at least one reference-quality monitor for calibration, we can collect data that is critical for developing targeted interventions that address environmental injustice in the African context.
Recent advances and challenges in solar photovoltaic and energy storage materials: future directions in Indian perspective
Authors: Kartikay Purnendu , Mokurala Krishnaiah , Sharma Bosky , Kali Ravi , Mukurala Nagaraju , Mishra Dhananjay , Kumar Ajit , Mallick Sudhanshu , Song Junyoung , Jin Sung Hun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe exponential increase in demand for global energy intake in day-to-day life directs us to look for a green and cost-effective energy generation and storage alternative. India being a fastly developing nation with a vast population, requires the alternative energy resource to meet up the energy deficit in an eco-friendly manner and be self-reliant in energy demands. This review aims to compile and assess developments in energy materials research from Indian prospects. Therefore, this paper discusses India’s energy scenario by understanding the fundamental concepts and developments of various solar cell technologies and an overview of energy storage systems (batteries and supercapacitors), accentuating the research progress made so far along with future possibilities. This exploratory study reviews the systematic and sequential advances in all three generations of the solar cell, i.e. Si solar cell, thin-film solar cell, dye-sensitized solar cell, and perovskite solar cells. Herein, the discussion is directed at developing novel materials that are efficient, stable, and economical. Moreover, the current status of the high-performance devices for each technology is reviewed in detail. Finally, the prospects, areas of improvement, and future trends in developing cost-effective and efficient energy materials for solar cells and storage devices are highlighted.
What Predicts the Physical Activity Intention–Behavior Gap? A Systematic Review
Authors: Rhodes Ryan E , Cox Amy , Sayar Reza 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIntention is theorized as the proximal determinant of behavior in many leading theories and yet intention–behavior discordance is prevalent.PurposeTo theme and appraise the variables that have been evaluated as potential moderators of the intention–physical activity (I-PA) relationship using the capability–opportunity–motivation– behavior model as an organizational frame.MethodsLiterature searches were concluded in August 2020 using seven common databases. Eligible studies were selected from English language peer-reviewed journals and had to report an empirical test of moderation of I-PA with a third variable. Findings were grouped by the moderator variable for the main analysis, and population sample, study design, type of PA, and study quality were explored in subanalyses.ResultsThe search yielded 1,197 hits, which was reduced to 129 independent studies (138 independent samples) of primarily moderate quality after screening for eligibility criteria. Moderators of the I-PA relationship were present among select variables within sociodemographic (employment status) and personality (conscientiousness) categories. Physical capability, and social and environmental opportunity did not show evidence of interacting with I-PA relations, while psychological capability had inconclusive findings. By contrast, key factors underlying reflective (intention stability, intention commitment, low goal conflict, affective attitude, anticipated regret, perceived behavioral control/self-efficacy) and automatic (identity) motivation were moderators of I-PA relations. Findings were generally invariant to study characteristics.ConclusionsTraditional intention theories may need to better account for key I-PA moderators. Action control theories that include these moderators may identify individuals at risk for not realizing their PA intentions. Prospero # CRD42020142629.