bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporating and evaluating citizen engagement in health research: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Shahid Anmol , Rosgen Brianna K. , Krewulak Karla D. , Lorenzetti Diane L. , Foster Nadine , Sept Bonnie G. , Leigh Jeanna Parsons , Stelfox Henry T. , Fiest Kirsten M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Citizen engagement in research is an emerging practice that involves members of the general public in research processes such as priority setting, planning, decision-making, research conduct, implementation, evaluation, and dissemination. Engaging citizens in research, particularly health research, increases the relevance of study findings, minimizes waste by facilitating stewardship over resources, and builds public trust in the research. While several existing frameworks guide the application of citizen engagement principles to health research, it is unclear how citizen engagement can be utilized to maximize benefits and minimize risks and challenges in health research. To address the gaps in knowledge around citizen engagement in health research, we propose a scoping review to synthesize the state of knowledge on methods to incorporate and evaluate citizen engagement in research. A protocol is presented in this manuscript.

Methods
The methodology for our scoping review is guided by Arksey and O’ Malley’s framework for scoping reviews, and additional recommendations by Levac and colleagues. We will include peer-reviewed and gray literature that report on citizen engagement in health research (including biomedical, clinical, health systems and services, and social, cultural, environmental and population health) and report method(s) to conduct, measure, or evaluate citizen engagement. We will systematically search electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, JSTOR, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Science Direct) from inception onwards and search relevant organizations’ websites for additional studies, frameworks, and reports on citizen engagement. Title and abstract and full-text citations will be screened independently and in duplicate. Data will be extracted independently and in duplicate, including document characteristics, citizen engagement definitions and goals, and outcomes of citizen engagement (e.g., barriers, facilitators).

Discussion
This review will synthesize the definitions, goals, methods, outcomes, and significance of citizen engagement in health research, as well as any potential barriers, facilitators, and challenges outlined in existing literature. The findings will provide an evidence-based foundation for developing new or improved guidance for citizen engagement in health research. Overall, we anticipate that our scoping review will be a preliminary step to meaningful engagement of citizens in research and strengthen the relationship between the scientific community and the public through transparency and collaboration.

Systematic review registration
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/hzcbr.
Factors affecting the initiation and continuation of maternal health service utilization among women who delivered in the past one year in Enemay district, East Gojjam, Ethiopia
Authors: Shitie Anguach , Azene Zelalem Nigussie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMaternity continuum of care is the continuity of maternal healthcare services that a woman uses, which includes antenatal care (ANC 4+), skilled birth attendant (SBA), and postnatal care (PNC) within 48 h of delivery. It is one of the essential strategies for reducing maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors affecting the initiation andcontinuationof maternal health service utilization among women who delivered in the past one year inEnemaydistrict, East Gojjam zone, Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among six hundred twenty-one (621) women who gave birth in the last one year in Enemay district from February 25 to March 10,2019.A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by face-to-face interviewer-administered, pretested, and semi-structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regressions (bi-variable and multivariable) were fitted to identify statistically significant variables. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to declare statistically significant variables on the basis ofp-value < 0.05 in the multivariable binary logistic regression.ResultsIn this study, around 61% of women had antenatal care follow-up. Out of those women having ante natal care follow-up, about 77.5% (95% CI 73, 81.7%) had continued to receiving skilled birth delivery service. Age (AOR = 1.7 95% CI: (1.0, 2.88)), marital status (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: (1.01, 2.76)), women’s educational status (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: (1.30, 6.72)), autonomy for health care decision-making (AOR = 3.71, 95%CI: (2.36, 6.02)), exposure to media (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: (1.78, 4.6)), wanted pregnancy (AOR = 3.6 95% CI: (2.2, 5.95)), and parity (AOR = 0.34, 95%CI: (0.16, 0.71)) were statistically significant variables associated with initiation of antenatal care, whereas educational status of women (AOR = 4.65, 95% CI: (1.37, 15.7)), autonomy for health care decision making (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI:(1.0, 6.82)), and had counseled during antenatal care (AOR = 2.88 95% CI: (1.21, 6.83)) were statistically significant variables associated with the continuation of maternal health care services.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the initiation and continuity of maternal health care services are low in the study area. Age, marital status, residence, women’s educational status, health care decision-making autonomy, exposure to media, wanted pregnancy, and parity were factors significantly affecting the initiation of antenatal care. Whereas,women’seducational status, health care decision-making autonomy, andcounselingduring antenatal care were predictors influencing the continuation of maternal health care services (antenatal care to skilled birth delivery).
Emotional reactivity to binge food and erotic cues in women with bulimia nervosa symptoms
Authors: Hernández-Rivero Isabel , Blechert Jens , Miccoli Laura , Eichin Katharina Naomi , Fernández-Santaella M. Carmen , Delgado-Rodríguez Rafael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundStudies on food cue reactivity have documented that altered responses to high-calorie food are associated with bulimic symptomatology, however, alterations in sexual motivations and behaviors are also associated clinical features in this population, which justify their inclusion as a research target. Here, we study responses to erotic cues—alongside food, neutral and aversive cues—to gain an understanding of specificity to food versus a generalized sensitivity to primary reinforcers.MethodsWe recorded peripheral psychophysiological indices –the startle reflex, zygomaticus, and corrugator responses—and self-reported emotional responses (valence, arousal, and dominance) in 75 women completing the Bulimia Test-Revised (BULIT-R). Multiple regression analysis tested whether BULIT-R symptoms were predicted by self-reported and psychophysiological responses to food versus neutral and erotic versus neutral images.ResultsThe results showed that individuals with higher bulimic symptoms were characterized by potentiated eye blink startle response during binge food (vs. neutral images) and more positive valence ratings during erotic (vs. neutral) cues.ConclusionsThe results highlight the negative emotional reactivity of individuals with elevated bulimic symptoms toward food cues, which could be related to the risk of progression to full bulimia nervosa and thereby addressed in prevention efforts. Results also point to the potential role of reactivity to erotic content, at least on a subjective level. Theoretical models of eating disorders should widen their conceptual scope to consider reactivity to a broader spectrum of primary reinforcers, which would have implications for cue exposure-based treatments.Plain English summaryWe examined appetitive and aversive cue responses in college women to investigate how bulimic symptoms relate to primary reinforcers such as food and erotic images. We recorded peripheral psychophysiological indices (the startle reflex, zygomaticus, and corrugator responses) and self-reported emotional responses (valence, arousal, and dominance) in 75 college women that were presented with the Spanish version of the Bulimia Test-Revised. The results showed that bulimic symptoms increase both psychophysiological defensiveness toward food cues and subjective pleasure toward erotic cues. The findings suggest a generalized sensitivity to primary reinforcers in the presence of bulimic symptoms, and emphasize the relevance of adopting a wider framework in research and treatment on bulimia nervosa.
The implementation of large-scale health system reform in identification, access and treatment of eating disorders in Australia
Authors: Maguire Sarah , Maloney Danielle 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
It seems to be a truth universally acknowledged that pathways to care for people with eating disorders are inconsistent and difficult to navigate. This may, in part, be a result of the complex nature of the illness comprising both mental and medical ill-health across a broad range of severity. Care therefore is distributed across all parts of the health system resulting in many doors into the system, distributed care responsibility, without well developed or integrated pathways from one part of the system to another. Efforts in many parts of the world to redesign health service delivery for this illness group are underway, each dependent upon the local system structures, geographies served, funding sources and workforce availability.

Methods
In NSW—the largest populational jurisdiction in Australia, and over three times the size of the UK—the government embarked six years ago on a program of whole-of-health system reform to embed identification and treatment of people with eating disorders across the lifespan and across the health system, which is largely publicly funded. Prior to this, eating disorders had not been considered a ‘core’ part of service delivery within the health system, meaning many patients received no treatment or bounced in and out of ‘doorways’. The program received initial funding of $17.6 million ($12.5 million USD) increasing to $29.5 million in phase 2 and the large-scale service and workforce development program has been implemented across 15 geographical districts spanning almost one million square kilometres servicing 7.75 million people.

Conclusions
In the first five years of implementation there has been positive effects of the policy change and reform on all three service targets—emergency departments presentations, hospital admissions and community occasions of service as well as client hours. This paper describes the strategic process of policy and practice change, utilising well documented service design and change strategies and principles with relevance for strategic change within health systems in general.
Temporal and spatial distribution of ancient sites in Shaanxi Province using geographic information systems (GIS)
Authors: Zhu Litao , Li Zhengwei , Su Huimin , Wang Xing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Revealing the evolutionary history of the relationship between humans and Earth will help us understand the spatial and temporal distribution of ancient cultural sites (referred to as ancient sites). This research explored the spatial and temporal distribution of ancient sites in Shaanxi Province (China) from the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty and assessed their correlation with the natural environment and economic patterns using geographic information system (GIS) technologies. The results indicated that (1) the ancient sites in the two periods were mainly centered in Xi'an based on kernel density analysis. The number of ancient sites in the Han to the Northern and Southern Dynasties was greater than that in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The spatial distribution of ancient sites indicated that more sites are present in northern Shaanxi Province than in the south. (2) The ancient sites in Shaanxi Province were concentrated in the plain area with an elevation of approximately 866 m; the aspects were south, east, and southeast; and the slopes were 0 ~ 3° based on an analysis of the topographic features. (3) The ancient sites were concentrated within 10 km of the river. Fewer ancient sites were distributed with increasing distance from the river, indicating a linear distribution of ancient sites.
Applications and analysis of hydrolysates in animal cell culture
Authors: Ho Yin Ying , Lu Hao Kim , Lim Zhi Feng Sherman , Lim Hao Wei , Ho Ying Swan , Ng Say Kong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAnimal cells are used in the manufacturing of complex biotherapeutic products since the 1980s. From its initial uses in biological research to its current importance in the biopharmaceutical industry, many types of culture media were developed: from serum-based media to serum-free to protein-free chemically defined media. The cultivation of animal cells economically has become the ultimate goal in the field of biomanufacturing. Serum serves as a source of amino acids, lipids, proteins and most importantly growth factors and hormones, which are essential for many cell types. However, the use of serum is unfavorable due to its high price tag, increased lot-to-lot variations and potential risk of microbial contamination. Efforts are progressively being made to replace serum with recombinant proteins such as growth factors, cytokines and hormones, as well as supplementation with lipids, vitamins, trace elements and hydrolysates. While hydrolysates are more complex, they provide a diverse source of nutrients to animal cells, with potential beneficial effects beyond the nutritional value. In this review, we discuss the use of hydrolysates in animal cell culture and briefly cover the composition of hydrolysates, mode of action and potential contaminants with some perspectives on its potential role in animal cell culture media formulations in the future.
Successful treatment of remnant gastric cancer with afferent loop syndrome managed by percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage followed by elective gastrectomy: a case report
Authors: Aoyama Shu , Motoori Masaaki , Miyazaki Yasuhiro , Sugimoto Tomoki , Nishizawa Yujiro , Komatsu Hisateru , Inoue Akira , Kagawa Yoshinori , Tomokuni Akira , Iwase Kazuhiro , Fujitani Kazumasa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
There are only few reported cases of remnant gastric cancer with concomitant afferent loop syndrome. Emergency surgery is the standard treatment strategy for this disease. However, some afferent loop syndrome cases, especially those with complete obstruction, can lead to a septic state, which makes performing emergency surgery risky. We describe a case of remnant gastric cancer with complete afferent loop obstruction, which was successfully managed by radical surgery following percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage of the afferent loop.

Case presentation
A 71-year-old man presented with nausea and abdominal discomfort. When he was 27 years old, he had undergone distal gastrectomy for a benign gastric ulcer, with gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II reconstruction). Abdominal computed tomography revealed thickening of the anastomosis site and significant dilation of the afferent loop. Gastrointestinal fiberscopy revealed advanced remnant gastric cancer at the anastomosis site, and the stoma of the afferent loop was completely obstructed. We diagnosed the patient with remnant gastric cancer with afferent loop syndrome. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage was performed twice before surgery to decompress the afferent loop. This provided more time for the patient to recover. Radical surgery of total remnant gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction were performed electively. There were no severe postoperative complications. The patient died 8 months following the operation owing to peritoneal dissemination recurrence.

Conclusion
We encountered a case of remnant gastric cancer with afferent loop obstruction, which was successfully managed by radical surgery following decompression of the afferent loop by percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage effectively managed the afferent loop syndrome, resulting in the safe performance of elective surgery.
Using nominal group technique to advance power assisted exercise equipment for people with stroke
Authors: Young Rachel , Sage Karen , Broom David , Broomfield Katherine , Church Gavin , Smith Christine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Power assisted exercise is accessible and acceptable for people with stroke. The potential for technological advancement of the equipment to improve the user experience has been identified. Involvement of end users and service providers in the design of health technologies is essential in determining how said technology is perceived and adopted. This project invited people with stroke and service providers to influence design features and determine machine selection in the preliminary stages of a codesign research programme.

Aims
To capture the perspectives of people with stroke and professionals working with people with stroke about proposed digitalisation of power assisted exercise equipment and select machines for prototype development.

Methods
Nominal group technique was used to capture the perspectives, ideas, preferences and priorities of three stakeholder groups: people with stroke (n = 3, mean age 66 years), rehabilitation professionals (n = 3) and exercise scientists (n = 3). Two questions underpinned the structure of the events; ‘What does an assistive exercise machine need to do to allow the person with stroke to engage in exercise?’ and ‘Which machines would you prioritise for use with People with Stroke?’ Attendees were invited to cast votes to indicate their preferred machines.

Findings
Synthesis of the data from the NGT identified four domains; software and interface, exercise programme, machine and accessories, setting and service. Three preferred machines from a range of nine were identified through vote counting.

Conclusion
Nominal group technique directed the selection of machines to be included in the development of the proposed technology. The vision shared by users during the structured discussion shaped the subsequent steps in the design and testing of the new technology.

Patient and service provider contribution
The opinions and preferences of people with stroke, rehabilitation professionals and exercise scientists were central to key decisions which will shape the digitalisation of power assisted equipment, influence future research and guide implementation of the new technologies.
Identification and validation of hub genes of synovial tissue for patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ge Yanzhi , Chen Zuxiang , Fu Yanbin , Xiao Xiujuan , Xu Haipeng , Shan Letian , Tong Peijian , Zhou Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were two major joint diseases with similar clinical phenotypes. This study aimed to determine the mechanistic similarities and differences between OA and RA by integrated analysis of multiple gene expression data sets.

Methods
Microarray data sets of OA and RA were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). By integrating multiple gene data sets, specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of DEGs were conducted to determine hub genes and pathways. The “Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT)” algorithm was employed to evaluate the immune infiltration cells (IICs) profiles in OA and RA. Moreover, mouse models of RA and OA were established, and selected hub genes were verified in synovial tissues with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results
A total of 1116 DEGs were identified between OA and RA. GO functional enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation, positive regulation of neuron differentiation, nuclear speck, RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex, protein serine/threonine kinase activity and proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding. KEGG pathway analysis showed that DEGs were enriched in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, FoxO signaling pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway. Immune cell infiltration analysis identified 9 IICs with significantly different distributions between OA and RA samples. qPCR results showed that the expression levels of the hub genes (RPS6, RPS14, RPS25, RPL11, RPL27, SNRPE, EEF2 and RPL19) were significantly increased in OA samples compared to their counterparts in RA samples (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
This large-scale gene analyses provided new insights for disease-associated genes, molecular mechanisms as well as IICs profiles in OA and RA, which may offer a new direction for distinguishing diagnosis and treatment between OA and RA.
Open reduction and internal fixation using multiple nonabsorbable suture materials in acute patella fracture: comparison of clinical and radiological outcome with tension band wiring
Authors: Lee Kwang Won , Ma Sang Beom , Yang Dae Suk , Oh Seung Hak , Park Seong Ho 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundFor treating displaced patella fractures, tension band wiring is the most widely used technique. However, implant removal surgery is often necessary to alleviate discomfort caused by fixation materials. On the contrary, fixation using nonabsorbable suture materials is anticipated to result in comparable outcomes without need for further implant removal surgery. However, there is a lack of clinical studies comparing the two fixation techniques (wire and nonabsorbable suture materials) for acute patella fractures.MethodsFrom 2014 to 2018, we retrospectively reviewed 60 patients who underwent open reduction with internal fixation for acute patella fracture. Thirty patients (group 1) who received surgery using tension band wiring and 30 patients (group 2) who received surgery using nonabsorbable suture materials were enrolled. The average follow-up period was more than 1 year after operation. Operation time, postoperative bone union time, range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint, postoperative clinical results, and complications were compared between the two groups.ResultOperation time, clinical bone union, and radiologic bone union were not statistically different between groups 1 and 2. At 3 months postoperatively, flexion was 120.3 ± 9.4° in group 1 and 110.5 ± 7.7° in group 2, showing statistically significant difference (p = 0.037). At 6 and 12 months postoperatively, the ROM was similar in both groups. Hospital for special surgery score at 3 months postoperatively was 78.4 ± 8.2 in group 1 and 83.7 ± 8.7 in group 2, showing statistically significant differences (p = 0.032). However, at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, there were no statistical differences. Lysholm score at 3 months postoperatively was 73.5 ± 8.1 in group 1 and 80.4 ± 8.2 in group 2, showing statistically significant difference (p = 0.016), but at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, there were no statistical differences.ConclusionFixation using multiple nonabsorbable suture materials can be an alternative surgical method in managing patella fractures, along with tension band wiring.