bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and analysis of an innovative flapping wing micro aerial vehicle with a figure eight wingtip trajectory
Authors: Jiang Shan , Hu Yong , Li Qiang , Ma Long , Wang Yang , Zhou Xiaoqin , Liu Qiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. A multi-mode flapping wing micro air vehicle (FWMAV) that uses a figure eight wingtip motion trajectory with wing flapping, rotation, and swing motion is presented in this paper. The flapping wing vehicle achieves three active degrees of freedom (DOF) wing movements only with one driving micromotor which has a good balance in the mechanism design (that is inspired by natural fliers) and total weight. Owing to these characteristics being integrated into the simple mechanism design, the aerodynamic force is improved. The aerodynamic performance of the thrust force is improved by 64.3 % compared to one that could only flap up and down with one active DOF under the condition of routine flapping frequency.
Assessing climate-change-induced flood risk in the Conasauga River watershed: an application of ensemble hydrodynamic inundation modeling
Authors: Dullo Tigstu T. , Darkwah George K. , Gangrade Sudershan , Morales-Hernández Mario , Sharif M. Bulbul , Kalyanapu Alfred J. , Kao Shih-Chieh , Ghafoor Sheikh , Ashfaq Moetasim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This study evaluates the impact of potential future climate change on flood
regimes, floodplain protection, and electricity infrastructures across the
Conasauga River watershed in the southeastern United States through ensemble
hydrodynamic inundation modeling. The ensemble streamflow scenarios were
simulated by the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) driven
by (1) 1981–2012 Daymet meteorological observations and (2) 11 sets of
downscaled global climate models (GCMs) during the 1966–2005 historical and
2011–2050 future periods. Surface inundation was simulated using a
GPU-accelerated Two-dimensional Runoff Inundation Toolkit for Operational
Needs (TRITON) hydrodynamic model. A total of 9 out of the 11 GCMs exhibit an
increase in the mean ensemble flood inundation areas. Moreover, at the 1 %
annual exceedance probability level, the flood inundation frequency curves
indicate a ∼ 16 km2 increase in floodplain area. The
assessment also shows that even after flood-proofing, four of the
substations could still be affected in the projected future period. The
increase in floodplain area and substation vulnerability highlights the need
to account for climate change in floodplain management. Overall, this study
provides a proof-of-concept demonstration of how the computationally
intensive hydrodynamic inundation modeling can be used to enhance flood
frequency maps and vulnerability assessment under the changing climatic
conditions.
Analisis Manfaat Ekonomi Di Hulu Das Jeneberang Periode 2006-2026
Authors: Kardika Adelia Juli 
Published: June 2021

Perubahan penggunaan lahan dalam dekade terakhir sangat cepat. Hal ini berdampak pada penurunan kualitas lingkungan. Padahal, hutan memiliki manfaat ekonomi, ekologi, dan sosial. Penilaian manfaat ekonomi suatu lahan dalam kurun waktu tertentu dapat dilakukan melalui analisis Net Present Value (NPV). Hulu DAS Jeneberang merupakan pemasok utama kebutuhan air bersih Kota Makassar dan Sungguminasa dan pengendali banjir. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung manfaat ekonomi penutupan/penggunaan lahan di hulu DAS Jeneberang yang meliputi sawah, pertanian lahan kering dan kebun menggunakan REDD Abacus di tahun 2006-2026. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ground check, pembagian kuisioner untuk menghitung manfaat ekonomi, dan melakukan skenario manfaat ekonomi dari tahun 2006-2026 menggunakan REDD ABACUS. nilai NPV pertanian lahan kering adalah nilai NPV terbesar dibandingkan dengan nilai NPV kebun dan nilai NPV sawah yaitu Rp 94.511.966,00. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan/penutupan lahan pertanian lahan kering memiliki nilai manfaat ekonomi jauh lebih besar dibandingkan yang lainnya. Nilai total biaya manfaat ekonomi dihitung dari tiga penutupan/penggunaan lahan yaitu sawah, pertanian lahan kering dan kebun. Dengan memperhatikan luasan ketiga penutupan/penggunaan lahan tersebut masyarakat mendapat nilai total biaya manfaat ekonomi sebesar Rp 23.056.324,00 per-Ha luasan yang elijibel ($/(ha.tahun)) pada tahun 2010 dan diperkirakan akan meningkat menjadi Rp 119.235.425,00 per-Ha luasan yang elijibel ($/(ha.tahun)) pada tahun 2026.
Effect of K2SO4 and KNO3 Foliar Application on Wheat Growth
Authors: Arshadullah Muhammad , Ali Arshad , Hyder Syed Isthiaq , Mahmood Imdad Ali , Zaman Badar-uz- 
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of K2SO4 and KNO3 foliar application (2 and 4%) on the growth of wheat (cv. Watan) at Soil Salinity Research Institute (SSRI) farm, Pindi Bhattian, Punjab, Pakistan during Rabi season, 2007. Treatments were: soil application K2SO4 , KNO3, 2 and 4% K2SO4, 2% KNO3 + 2% K2SO4, 4% KNO3 +2% K2SO4, 2% KNO3 + 4% K2SO4 ,4% KNO3+4% K2SO4 . Treatments were assigned using randomised complete block design with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, straw and wheat yields were recorded. Tillering, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and wheat yield significantly (P £ 0.05) increased by different levels of doses. 2% K2SO4 and 4% K2SO4 improved the tillering capacity of wheat compared with the control. The combination of 2% KNO3 + 4% K2SO4 attained the highest grain yield (2825 kg/ha) which was statistically at par with 2% K2SO4 (2795 kg/ha). The lowest grain yield (2129 kg/ha) was received by the control (soil applied K2SO4). Grain yield after spraying was up to 31% higher than in the control.
Application of Extrusion Technology to Prepare Bread Crumb, A Comparison with Oven Method
Authors: Pasha Imran , Chughtai Muhammad Farhan Jahangir , Sarwar Arsalan , Shabbir Muhammad Asim , Ahmed Shabbir 
Published: June 2021

The current research project was designed to conclude the upshot of extrusion cooking temperature on the properties and acceptability of bread crumb. Bread crumbs were obtained by drying the bread, maintaining moisture up to 3-8% and then broken down using hammer mill or crusher which breaks the bread into bread crumbs. Significantly highest moisture contents 7.26% was observed in oven baked bread crumb as compared to 6.25% in bread crumb prepared by extrusion cooking method. The highest bulk density (28.13 g/100 L) was observed in extruded bread crumb whereas, the oven baked bread crumbs showed lower bulk density (7.03 g/100 L). The fat uptake of extruded and oven baked bread crumbs werefound 0.516 mg/g and 0.493 mg/g, respectively. The extruded bread crumb showed higher water binding capacity as 34.76 g H2O/kg as compared to oven baked bread crumb which showed 27.92 g H2O/kg. Sensory evaluation of extruded and oven baked bread crumbs depicted that bread crumbs prepared from extrusion cooking methods got significantly higher scores for taste, flavour and over all acceptability as compared to those prepared by oven baked method. As far as crispiness is concerned oven baked bread crumbs got comparatively higher scores. Moreover, it was concluded that the treatment T2 of extruded bread crumbs got more sensory scores than oven baked bread crumbs.
Distribution and Abundance of Marine Debris Along the Coast of Karachi (Arabian Sea), Pakistan
Authors: Qari Rashida , Shaffat Moniba 
Published: June 2021

This study reports the first assessment of distribution and abundance of marine debris along the coast of Karachi (Arabian Sea), Pakistan. The quadrate method was used for estimating the debris material. Total 40 quadrates were made for collecting the debris on 4 beaches: Sandspit, Buleji, Paradise Point and Korangi Creek in the year of 2012. Nine different types of debris comprising of plastics, glasses, thermopore, clothing, rubber, paper, pot pieces and cigarette filters were collected. The study revealed that, plastic was found in high quantity at all four beaches of Karachi. Other most common items were as follow: plastic at Paradise Point and Sandspit; pot pieces at Korangi Creek and rubber at Buleji. A total weight of 12277.45 g debris was recorded during the whole study period. It was also noted that Paradise Point is the dirtiest beach (5612.6 g) when compared with other studied beaches.
Evaluation of the Impact of Continuously Regenerating Trap on Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Turbocharged Diesel Engine
Authors: Shah Asad Naeem , Shan Ge Yun- , Bhutta Muhammad Mehmood Aslam , Rehman Anees Ur , Naveed Ahmad , Masood Muhammad Imran 
Published: June 2021

In this study a continuously regenerating trap (CRT) was evaluated on the basis of its performance to control the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the diesel engine exhaust. The engine wasoperated on a test bench by coupling it through an AC electrical dynamometer under the auspices of an 8-mode steady-state cycle. VOCs in their gaseous phase were trapped in Tenax TA® cartridge, and then extracted by thermal desorber (TD) for the subsequent analysis through gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS). According to the results, VOCs were preponderant during both maximum as well as minimum load modes owing to the incomplete combustion. Benzene and toluene were in abundance with respective maximum relative contribution (RC) of 40.3 and 34.7% in upstream of CRT, while toluene and ethyl benzene were the dominant species with respective maximum RC of 38.2 and 30.8% in downstream of CRT. Styrene and butyl acetate were the least contributors to total VOCs in both upstream as well as downstream of CRT. The CRT unit revealed a good control on VOCs with maximum reduction rate (RR) of 45%. The RR of VOCs was decreased with the decrease in NO2/NOx ratio, while the RR of benzene was reduced with the reduction in downstream temperature leading to strong correlations between them. Moreover, the RR trend of both benzene and ethyl benzene led to an important finding that when former was substantially reduced with maximum RR, the latter remained elevated with higher negative RR. Hence, an anti-correlation was found between benzene and ethyl benzene.
Divided Attention in Schizophrenia: A Dual Task Paradigm
Authors: González-Andrade Alejandro , López-Luengo Beatriz , Álvarez Manuel Miguel Ramos , Santiago-Ramajo Sandra 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Schizophrenia is known to be associated with attentional deficits. Few studies have examined whether the disorder is also associated with a deficit in the ability to divide attention, and they have given contradictory results. Some have reported that patients show greater loss of performance than healthy controls when moving from single tasks to dual tasks, and others have reported that performance loss is similar in both groups or even that patients perform the dual task better than either task on its own. To help resolve this controversy, we performed a first study in which we designed a dual task paradigm with a group of 36 healthy participants. This dual task involves 2 tasks of equivalent difficulty that make use of different sensory modalities. In the second study, we gave this dual task to 23 patients with schizophrenia and 25 healthy participants. Both groups decreased similarly their performance in dual tasks, but the patients showed lower baseline performance in the single task. Our findings suggest that patients with schizophrenia and healthy participants use similar strategies to divide their attention, but in a high-degrading stimuli condition patients perform below the controls in a single task.
Management of Agitation in Dementia and Effects on Inpatient Length of Stay
Authors: Silverstone-Simard Isabelle , Wu Joyce , Nassim Marouane , Friedman Ruby , Segal Marilyn , Moette Johanne , Rej Soham 
Published: June 2021

Background
Agitation associated with dementia impacts delivery of medical care and is a major reason for institutionalization in dementia patients. This study examines the association of medication use and other clinical factors with patients’ ‘dischargeability’ (i.e., amount of time until a patient is considered dischargeable from an inpatient unit).
Methods
This study was a retrospective chart review examining 200 patients with dementia and agitation, hospitalized at a Canadian acute care geriatric ward between November 2007 and November 2018. The main outcome measure was time until a patient was deemed dischargeable. Univariate linear regression analyses, followed by multiple linear regression analyses, were used.
Results
Risperidone and quetiapine were the most commonly prescribed medications, but were not associated with time until dischargeable. Olanzapine (40.9 vs. 16.2 days until dischargeable, β = 0.23, p = .001), regular benzodiazepine (32.7 vs. 16.5 days until dischargeable, β = 0.15, p = .027), and as-needed (‘PRN’) benzodiazepine use (31.7 vs. 15.9 days until dischargeable, β =0.19, p = .006) were independently associated with prolonging time until dischargeable.
Conclusions
Olanzapine, benzodiazepine, and PRN benzodiazepine use were associated with longer time until patients with dementia and agitation were considered ready for discharge. This raises the question as to whether the risks of these medications outweigh the benefits in a hospital setting.
Collaborative Development of an Older Adult Experience Survey for Specialized Geriatric Services
Authors: Gilsenan Ronaye , Schwartz Rhonda , Gutmanis Iris A. , Day Adam M.B. , Ryan David P. , Brander Rosemary R.A. , Milne Kelly , Molnar Frank 
Published: June 2021

Background
While generic, site, and disease-specific patient experience surveys exist, such surveys have limited relevance to frail, medically complex older adults attending appointment-based specialized geriatric services (SGS). The study objective was to develop and evaluate a patient experience survey specific to this population.
Methods
Using established survey research methods, this study was conducted collaboratively with older adults (patients and family members/friends) at three Ontario sites offering SGS. The study was done in three phases: Phase One—literature review, evi­dence alignment, and operationalization of core survey items; Phase Two—cognitive interviews and refinement; and Phase Three—pilot testing, survey item analysis, and refinement.
Results
Based on an evidence-informed framework, the “Older Adult Experience Survey” includes 12 core items, two global rat­ing items, two open-ended questions, and two demographic questions. The summed 12 core items demonstrated accept­able internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.83), and the correlation between the summed score and a global question was 0.59, providing evidence of construct validity. The survey also demonstrated face and content validity.
Conclusion
This open access, collaboratively developed, psychometrically sound patient experience survey can be used to assess, then improve, the clinical experience and quality of care of older adults attending appointment-based SGS clinics/programs.
Initial education evaluation of a Physical Education program: Perceptions of graduates from a public university in the state of Santa Catarina
Authors: Salles William das Neves , Martins Samara Escobar , Luiz Maria Eduarda Tomaz , Guimarães Adriana Coutinho de Azevedo , Marinho Alcyane 
Published: June 2021

This mixed-methods study investigated the perceptions of Physical Education (PE) graduates on their education obtained at a public university in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. An online questionnaire was applied to collect information regarding the initial education of 94 graduates (50 bachelors and 44 teachers) trained under the new curricular proposal implemented in 2008 at the institution. Extension (8.35±1.51) and research activities (8.24±1.66) achieved the highest scores, with emphasis on the diversity of structures and options offered. The graduates’ classmates (7.45±1.73), due to the lack of dedication and commitment to the program, and the curricular structure (7.64±1.59), due to the problems in the courses’ semiannual organization, received the lowest ratings. Teachers evaluated their course higher than the bachelors, especially in the components of faculty (T = 8.55±1.02; B = 7.28±1.37), classmates (T = 7.91±1.60; B = 7.04±1.76), physical infrastructure (T = 8.30±1.69; B = 7.64±1.34), supervised internships (T = 8.61±1.45; B = 7.72±1.73), and overall program evaluation (T = 8.64±1.10; B = 7.82±1.35). Factors such as supervised internships, curricular structure, faculty, and extension activities explained 59.0% of the variance of the overall program evaluation. Considering these results, those responsible for structuring the PE program can consolidate the practices and components that have been well evaluated, as well as think of alternatives to reduce the weaknesses and negative aspects perceived by the graduates.
The Subjective Comfort Test of Autism Hug Machine Portable Seat
Authors: Maula Mohamad Izzur , Aji Akhmad Lutfiyan , Aliyafi M. Bahtiar , Afif Ilham Yustar , Ammarullah Muhammad Imam , Winarni Tri Indah , Jamari J. 
Published: June 2021

This preliminary study proposes to investigate (i) the mean comfortable deep pressure of Autism Hug Machine Portable Seat (AHMPS) manual pull and inflatable wrap models; and (ii) the effect of using AHMPS in reducing anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The first phase was done to determine the comfort test. Fifteen healthy adolescents (13 men and 2 women; aged 19-25 years) individuals volunteered to participate in the comfort test in determining the pressure of AHMPS, both manual pull, and inflatable wrap. The second phase was completed in children with ASD, in which the comforting pressure from the first phase was then applied to five children with ASD (4 boys and 1 girl; aged 8-15 years) from the Putra Mandiri Public Special School Semarang. All children were administered both the AHMPS inflatable wrap and manual pull as a deep pressure apparatus while traveling by bus. A pulse oximeter was used to measure heart rate variability (physiological arousal). The mean comfort pressure was obtained from 15 healthy subjects, which was 0.81 psi on the chest and 0.80 psi on the thigh for the manual pull; and 0.65 psi on the chest and 0.45 psi on the thigh for the inflatable wrap. In the second phase, the AHMPS manual pull did not significantly decrease heart rate with p=0.114, but the AHMPS inflatable wrap significantly decreased heart rate with a significance value of p=0.037. We conclude, therefore, the AHMPS inflatable wrap decreases physiological arousal in children with ASD.
Expression and gene regulation network of TYMS and BCL2L1 in colorectal cancer based on data mining
Authors: Jie Yanghua , Yang Xiaobei , Chen Weidong 
Published: June 2021

Background
The purpose of this study was to study the role of thymidylate synthetase (TYMS) and B-cell lymphoma-2 like 1 (BCL2L1) in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer and its potential regulatory mechanism.

Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were analyzed to examine the expression and prognostic value of TYMS and BCL2L1 in colorectal cancer. C-BioPortal analysis was used to detect the TYMS and BCL2L1 alterations. Through The Human Protein Atlas (THPA), the TYMS and BCL2L1 protein levels were also assessed. The protein protein interaction (PPI) network was built using GeneMANIA analysis, while co-expression genes correlated with TYMS and BCL2L1 were identified using LinkedOmics analysis. Finally, we collected clinical samples to verify the expressions of TYMS and BCL2L1 in colorectal cancer.

Results
TYMS and BCL2L1 were up-regulated, and TYMS and BCL2L1 genomic alterations were not associated with the occurrence of colorectal cancer. TYMS and BCL2L1 were significantly connected with the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. The genes interacted with TYMS and BCL2L1 were linked to functional networks involving pathway of apoptosis, apoptosis-multiple species, colorectal cancer, platinum drug resistance and p53 signaling pathway. qRT-PCR verification results of TYMS were consistent with the result of TCGA and GEO analysis.

Conclusions
This study display that data mining can efficiently provide information on expression of TYMS and BCL2L1, correlated genes of TYMS and BCL2L1, core pathways and potential functional networks in colorectal cancer, suggesting that TYMS and BCL2L1 may become new prognostic and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer.
Occurrence of Aflatoxins in Retail Kola Nuts in Ibadan Metropolis
Authors: Akande O. O. , Kolawole O. O. , Afolabi A. A. , Okewole S. A. , Oyekunle L. O. 
Published: June 2021

Aim: This study was designed to determine Aflatoxins present in kola nuts sold in Ibadan metropolis.
Study design: Kola nuts were randomly purchased from different markets in Ibadan, Oyo State.
Methodology: Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometric method were used for the determination of aflatoxins in the kola nuts samples.
Results: All the samples collected were contaminated with aflatoxins. Aflatoxin B1 and B2 were present in the kola nuts samples ranging from 9.73 - 25.43 μg/kg and 10.90 - 29.67 μg/kg respectively.
Conclusion: The levels of aflatoxins in the sampled kola nuts were mostly above recommended tolerable limits. It is imperative to enlighten stakeholders on possible ways of handling kola nuts towards reducing the aflatoxin incidences to the barest minimum in order to safeguard the health of the populace.
In Situ Surface Film Formed by Solid‐State Anodic Oxidation for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: He Yitao , Zhang Yaohui , Wang Zhihong , Li Xifei , Lü Zhe , Huang Xiqiang , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSurface protection has drawn increasing attention in lithium (Li) metal batteries by simultaneously taking advantage of the uniform potential distribution and high conductivity, whereas tuning the composition of the protective film and improving the resistance at the interface of protective film/Li metal remain the challenges. Herein, a solid‐state anodic oxidation strategy for preparing an in situ protective film for enhanced cycle life of Li metal anode is illustrated. The solid‐state anodic oxidation of lithium metal is realized for the first time, and the method can be further modified for tuning the composition of the protective film for highly ionic conductive fluorine‐rich interface. Surface electrodeposition simulations indicate the important role of the conductive protective film in increasing the uniform potential distribution on the Li surface. The as‐prepared in situ fluorinated protective film efficiently suppresses the dendrite growth and promotes the cycling performance of the Li metal full cell in commercial ester electrolyte without any additive. This work opens up a new avenue for fabricating unique in situ protective films with controlled composition on Li surface for energy storage applications.