bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and Quantification of Depletion and Accumulation Layers in Solid‐State Li+‐Conducting Electrolytes Using In Situ Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
Authors: Katzenmeier Leon , Carstensen Leif , Schaper Simon J. , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe future of mobility depends on the development of next‐generation battery technologies, such as all‐solid‐state batteries. As the ionic conductivity of solid Li+‐conductors can, in some cases, approach that of liquid electrolytes, a significant remaining barrier faced by solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) is the interface formed at the anode and cathode materials, with chemical instability and physical resistances arising. The physical properties of space charge layers (SCLs), a widely discussed phenomenon in SSEs, are still unclear. In this work, spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to characterize the accumulation and depletion layers. An optical model is developed to quantify their thicknesses and corresponding concentration changes. It is shown that the Li+‐depleted layer (≈190 nm at 1 V) is thinner than the accumulation layer (≈320 nm at 1 V) in a glassy lithium‐ion‐conducting glass ceramic electrolyte (a trademark of Ohara Corporation). The in situ approach combining electrochemistry and optics resolves the ambiguities around SCL formation. It opens up a wide field of optical measurements on SSEs, allowing various experimental studies in the future.
A Field‐Deployable, Wearable Leaf Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Vapor‐Pressure Deficit
Authors: Yin Shihao , Ibrahim Hussam , Schnable Patrick S. , Castellano Michael J. , Dong Liang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis work presents a wearable sensor for real‐time on‐leaf monitoring of relative humidity (RH), temperature, and vapor‐pressure deficit (VPD) of plants in both controlled environments and under field conditions. This sensor is flexible and conformable to the leaf surface. By integrating a graphene‐based RH sensing element and a gold‐based thin‐film thermistor on a polyimide sheet, the sensor allows accurate and continuous determination of VPD at the leaf surface, thereby providing information on plant transpiration. A greenhouse experiment validates the ability of the sensor to continuously and simultaneously monitor both the leaf RH and temperature of maize plants over more than 2 weeks. The sensor output also demonstrates the influences of light and irrigation on maize transpiration. Uniquely, by attaching multiple sensors onto different locations of a plant, it is possible to estimate the time required for water to be transported from the roots to each of the measured leaves along the stalk, as well as longitudinally from one position on a leaf toward the leaf tip. Sensors are also deployed in crop production fields where they demonstrate the ability to detect difference in transpiration between fertilized and unfertilized maize plants.
On‐Chip Mercury‐Free Deep‐UV Light‐Emitting Sources with Ultrahigh Germicidal Efficiency
Authors: Sharma Vijay Kumar , Tan Swee Tiam , Haiyang Zheng , Shendre Sushant , Baum Alexandra , Chalvet Francis , Tirén Jonas , Demir Hilmi Volkan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the current COVID‐19 scenario, there is an urgent need for developing efficient and mercury‐free deep‐ultraviolet (deep‐UV) light sources for disinfection applications. AlGaN‐based light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) may be considered as an alternative, but due to their inherent low efficiencies in the deep‐UV spectral region, significant developments are required to address efficiency issues. Here, a mercury‐free chip‐size deep‐UV light source is shown which is enabled by high‐vacuum chip‐scale cavity sealing overcoming the limitations of both mercury lamps and deep‐UV LEDs. These deep‐UV chips are cathodoluminescence based, in which a cavity is created with high vacuum integrity for efficient field‐emission. These chips demonstrate optical output power ≥20 mW (efficiency ≈4%) and, owing to the spectral overlap of phosphor cathodoluminescence spectra and germicidal effectiveness curve, resulted in log 6 (99.9999%) germicidal efficiency. Additionally, these chips offer high reliability, “instant” ON/OFF capability, high operational lifetimes, and low‐temperature dependence with complete design freedom.
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of Nanoparticles under Real‐World Wastewater Treatment Conditions
Authors: Gomez‐Gonzalez Miguel A. , Koronfel Mohamed A. , Pullin Huw , Parker Julia E. , Quinn Paul D. , Inverno Maria D. , Scott Thomas B. , Xie Fang , Voulvoulis Nikolaos , Yallop Marian L. , Ryan Mary P. , Porter Alexandra E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUnderstanding nanomaterial transformations within wastewater treatment plants is an important step to better predict their potential impact on the environment. Here, spatially resolved, in situ nano‐X‐ray fluorescence microscopy is applied to directly observe nanometer‐scale dissolution, morphological, and chemical evolution of individual and aggregated ZnO nanorods in complex “real‐world” conditions: influent water and primary sludge collected from a municipal wastewater system. A complete transformation of isolated ZnO nanorods into ZnS occurs after only 1 hour in influent water, but larger aggregates of the ZnO nanorods transform only partially, with small contributions of ZnS and Zn‐phosphate (Zn3(PO4)2) species, after 3 hours. Transformation of aggregates of the ZnO nanorods toward mixed ZnS, Zn adsorbed to Fe‐oxyhydroxides, and a large contribution of Zn3(PO4)2 phases are observed during their incubation in primary sludge for 3 hours. Discrete, isolated ZnO regions are imaged with unprecedented spatial resolution, revealing their incipient transformation toward Zn3(PO4)2. Passivation by transformation(s) into mixtures of less soluble phases may influence the subsequent bioreactivity of these nanomaterials. This work emphasizes the importance of imaging the nanoscale chemistry of mixtures of nanoparticles in highly complex, heterogeneous semi‐solid matrices for improved prediction of their impacts on treatment processes, and potential environmental toxicity following release.
Optimal patient selection for successful two‐stage hepatectomy of bilateral colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Imai Katsunori , Allard Marc‐Antoine , Baba Hideo , Adam René 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTwo‐stage hepatectomy (TSH) is one of the specific surgical techniques that can expand the pool of resectable patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). The indication of TSH for CRLM is only bilateral, multinodular disease, which cannot be resected by a single hepatectomy. TSH is nowadays considered an effective treatment for selected patients, with acceptable morbidity/mortality rates and promising long‐term outcomes. However, not all eligible patients can benefit from the TSH strategy. One of the most important issues is dropout from the strategy (failure to complete both of the two sequential procedures), because the survival of such patients is drastically worse compared with patients who can complete both stages. Another important issue is the early recurrence rate and subsequent poor survival even after completion of TSH. Thus, the selection of appropriate patients who can really benefit from the TSH strategy is crucial. This review discusses the optimal patient selection for TSH, which should be helpful for the development of treatment strategies for patients with extensive CRLM.
Locomotion of an adult female and juvenile male aye‐aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) in Torotorofotsy, Madagascar
Authors: Sefczek Timothy M. , McGraw W. Scott , Faralahy David M. , Manampisoa Gabriel M. , Louis Edward E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAye‐ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis) locate and acquire invertebrates from within woody substrates at all levels of the rainforest; yet how their locomotion helps them accommodate this diet has not been explored in detail. We studied the locomotor behavior of an adult female (N = 1,085) and juvenile male (N = 708) aye‐aye in the undisturbed forest of Torotorofotsy, Madagascar from May to December 2017. We used bout sampling to record locomotion during foraging and travel of the two radio‐collared individuals. We used χ
2 tests to compare overall locomotion, travel, and foraging, as well as strata and support use. We performed a correspondence analysis to examine relationships between individual behaviors, strata, and support types. Leaping accounted for 47.9% and 50.1% of all locomotor activity in the adult female and juvenile male, respectively. Leaping was the most common behavior during travel in both individuals (59.2% and 53.9%, respectively), whereas head‐first descent was most frequent during foraging (35.0% and 48.0%, respectively). For all three locomotor categories, the main canopy (40.3%–79.6%) was used most frequently and trunks were the most frequently used support type (50.7%–60.0%). There is a strong association between strata and support use overall and during travel. Quadrupedal walking was significantly associated with the main canopy, as was head‐first descent with the low canopy. Our analysis demonstrates that aye‐ayes use a variety of locomotor behaviors to forage for invertebrates. Aye‐ayes’ ability to repurpose their positional repertoire to acquire other resources in degraded forests should not obscure the importance of invertebrates to this species.
HPV in the malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papillomas: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Stepp Wesley H. , Farzal Zainab , Kimple Adam J. , Ebert Charles S. , Senior Brent A. , Zanation Adam M. , Thorp Brian D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectives: To date, there is still a significant debate on the role of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in transformation of inverted papillomas (IPs) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study was designed to determine if the presence of HPV in a sinonasal IP increases the risk of malignant transformation to IPSCC.Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 19 high‐quality case‐control and cohort studies with tissue‐diagnosed IP or IPSCC and HPV diagnosis were analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Mantel–Haenszel method with correction for random effects. Subgroup, publication bias and a sensitivity analyses were also performed.Results: Nineteen studies with minimal bias met the inclusion criteria for quality and identified HPV infection in an IP. The pooled data revealed a strong association with progression to malignancy with an unweighted, pooled OR of 2.38 (CI95 1.47 to 3.83) and a weighted OR of 2.80 (CI95 1.42 to 5.51). Sensitivity analysis revealed that no single study contributed significantly to our pooled OR calculations (ORs 2.52 to 3.57). Subgroup analyses stratified by publication date, nucleic acid target, HPV detection method and type, sample size, and region all demonstrated a positive association of HPV with IPSCC.Conclusions: There appears to be a significant association between HPV infection and malignant transformation of IPs. While HPV testing is not currently the standard of care for IPs, these data suggest a link between the two and suggest further studies should be performed to identify a link between the virus and malignant transformation.
Botulinum toxin for chronic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rinzin Kencho , Hoang Minh P. , Seresirikachorn Kachorn , Snidvongs Kornkiat 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundBotulinum toxin type A (BTX‐A) is a potential treatment for chronic rhinitis. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of BTX‐A in treating patients with chronic rhinitis.MethodsSystematic searches of MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE databases were performed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the efficacy of BTX‐A in allergic rhinitis and/or nonallergic rhinitis patients, compared with either placebo or active treatment, were included. The outcomes were total nasal symptom (TNSS), disease‐specific quality of life (QOL), and adverse events.ResultsNine RCTs (340 patients) met the eligibility criteria. Compared with placebo, the ≤ 12‐week effects favored BTX‐A injection on TNSS (standardized mean difference [SMD] ‐2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] ‐3.27 to ‐1.17, p < 0.01, four RCTs). Beneficial effects > 12 weeks over placebo (MD ‐9.69, 95% CI ‐11.29 to ‐8.09, p < 0.01, one RCT) were demonstrated up to 24 weeks. However, the benefits were not shown on nasal congestion and individual nasal symptoms. Compared with active comparators (triamcinolone injection, ipratropium bromide, and cetirizine), there was no difference in the < 12‐week effect between groups on TNSS. There was no difference between BTX‐A and cetirizine on QOL (one RCT). The > 12‐week effects on TNSS and individual nasal symptoms favored BTX‐A over triamcinolone injection (one RCT). The risk ratio of adverse events favored BTX‐A over cetirizine (one RCT).ConclusionsBTX‐A improved TNSS and QOL in patients with chronic rhinitis. These effects were demonstrated up to 24 weeks post treatment. BTX‐A was safe, well tolerated, and may be considered in patients who are refractory to current standard‐of‐care therapies.
Prediction of Chalcogen‐Doped VCl3 Monolayers as 2D Ferromagnetic Semiconductors with Enhanced Optical Absorption
Authors: Zhao Shan , Wan Wenhui , Ge Yanfeng , Liu Yong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn recent years, 2D ferromagnetic semiconductors have attracted much attention because of its potential application in spintronic devices. Using first‐principles calculations, the magnetic and optical properties of intrinsic and chalcogen‐doped VCl3 monolayers are investigated. In contrast to previous work, VCl3 monolayer is proved to be an antiferromagnetic semiconductor rather than a Dirac half‐metal after considering the electronic correlation effect. At a low S concentration x between and , S‐doped VCl3 monolayer forms a ferromagnetic semiconductor with a large bandgap and a strong exchange splitting in both valence and conduction bands. As the doping content x increases above , S‐doped VCl3 monolayer will change to be an anti‐ferromagnetic semiconductor and a non‐magnetic metal successively. Moreover, Se‐ and Te‐doped VCl3 monolayers can also form robust ferromagnetic semiconductors at low doping concentration. In particular, the Curie temperature of Se‐doped VCl3 monolayer can reach 170 K, higher than that of S‐ and Te‐doped VCl3 monolayers. At last, chalcogen‐doped VCl3 monolayers have enhanced optical absorption in the visible regions compared to intrinsic VCl3 monolayer. The results show that chalcogen‐doped VCl3 monolayers have promising potential applications in future spintronic and optoelectronic devices.
Motorized Macrocycle: A Photo‐responsive Host with Switchable and Stereoselective Guest Recognition
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhang Qi , Crespi Stefano , Chen Shaoyu , Zhang Xiu‐Kang , Xu Tian‐Yi , Ma Chang‐Shun , Zhou Shang‐Wu , Shi Zhao‐Tao , Tian He , Feringa Ben L. , Qu Da‐Hui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDesigning photo‐responsive host–guest systems can provide versatile supramolecular tools for constructing smart systems and materials. We designed photo‐responsive macrocyclic hosts, modulated by light‐driven molecular rotary motors enabling switchable chiral guest recognition. The intramolecular cyclization of the two arms of a first‐generation molecular motor with flexible oligoethylene glycol chains of different lengths resulted in crown‐ether‐like macrocycles with intrinsic motor function. The octaethylene glycol linkage enables the successful unidirectional rotation of molecular motors, simultaneously allowing the 1:1 host–guest interaction with ammonium salt guests. The binding affinity and stereoselectivity of the motorized macrocycle can be reversibly modulated, owing to the multi‐state light‐driven switching of geometry and helicity of the molecular motors. This approach provides an attractive strategy to construct stimuli‐responsive host–guest systems and dynamic materials.
A new Civilization and Its Discontents in times of COVID‐19?
Authors: Blass Heribert 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic brings into focus both the burdens on individuals, and the effects on the culture and society in general. In our encounters with our patients, we as psychoanalysts have experienced the broad spectrum of possible reactions to the viral threat, just as it is found throughout society: from real fear to panic or, on the contrary, to a denial of the impending danger. We are facing drastic changes which are connected with painful losses but sometimes also with new possibilities in our accustomed lives. Nevertheless, the loss of trust in the preservation of individual and general health and of economic existence as well goes beyond the individual and leads to tensions and even cracks in the supposed social consensus. Thus, in the relationship of the individual to society, the pandemic exacerbates the ambivalence between self‐interest and solidarity, not infrequently to the point of forming hostile attitudes. In this article, the author explores the question of to what extent it is possible to speak about a “new Civilization and Its Discontents” in light of the increasing social tensions under the conditions of the pandemic. It is the task of psychoanalysis to explicitly name the unconscious conflict between striving for pleasure and happiness or the search for security, in order to also contribute to dealing with the resulting aggression and fear of death in times of pandemic.
Sound discrimination of two sympatric, threatened fish species allows for their in situ mapping
Authors: Picciulin Marta , Bolgan Marta , Facca Chiara , Fiorin Riccardo , Riccato Federico , Malavasi Stefano 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Human impacts on marine ecosystems are increasing and the number of fish species listed in the Red List is constantly growing. In the Mediterranean Sea, seven of the 10 bony fishes defined as Threatened by the IUCN are known to be vocal, including the target species of this study: the shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa Linnaeus, 1758) and the brown meagre (Sciaena umbra Linnaeus, 1758). As a result, non‐invasive passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) can be used to pinpoint their distribution at sea. However, for PAM to be effective, reliable acoustic discrimination is required because the sounds they emit during reproduction are remarkably similar (i.e. short broadband pulsed sounds).
The shi drum and the brown meagre are closely related, elusive, vocal sciaenids, partially overlapping in their ecological niche. During summer 2019, three PAM surveys were conducted along the tidal inlets of the Venice lagoon (Italy). Here, the calls of both species have been recognized according to their temporal features: shi drum sounds were made up of a lower number of longer pulses with a different envelope, repeated at a lower rate than those of the brown meagre. Further, shi drum and brown meagre sounds of different origins (aquaculture and semi‐natural conditions) were analysed and compared with those collected during the survey of the study area in order to validate the field collected data.
Call discrimination allowed for a fine‐scale species mapping, showing a partially overlapping distribution of the two species along the inlets. This is the first case in which two sciaenids have been documented to share their reproductive habitat in the Mediterranean Sea.
This study demonstrates that it is feasible to acoustically monitor the target species even in those parts of the Mediterranean Sea where they co‐exist. This, in its turn, could provide managers with the required data for effective conservation measures to be implemented.
Association between the discontinuation of substance use inpatient treatment and the risk of committing a crime leading to imprisonment: A Finnish registry‐based 5‐year follow‐up
Authors: Kaskela Teemu , Pitkänen Tuuli 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundDiscontinuation of substance use inpatient treatment is common, generally due to dropout and rule breaking. In turn, this is associated with worse long‐term substance use outcomes.AimTo investigate whether people who discontinued voluntary inpatient substance use treatment have a higher risk of imprisonment for a crime within 5 years of discontinuance than those who completed treatment.MethodsThis registry‐based follow‐up study focused on all inpatient treatment episodes between 2002 and 2009 (N = 2893) in a Finnish hospital for treating addictions. Data from national registers on criminality, hospitalisations and education were linked. Cox regression analysis was used.ResultsDiscontinued treatment episodes were 1.4 times more likely to be followed by criminality leading to imprisonment during the 5‐year follow‐up period compared with completed treatment periods, after adjusting for age, gender, education, substance use diagnoses, earlier mental health disorders and prior imprisonments.ConclusionsOur findings strengthen the argument for ensuring completion of substance use treatment episodes; better completion rates could decrease the harm caused by serious criminality. Indeed, we recommend that crime reduction should be included to the long‐term goals of substance use treatment.
Onset of Addison Disease appeared during the first trimester of a twin pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Tagetti Angela , Marcon Denise , Moghetti Paolo , Spiazzi Giovanna , Fava Cristiano , Minuz Pietro 
Published: May 2021

Key Clinical MessageAddison Disease is an uncommon, life‐threatening condition affecting people at any age, including women during pregnancy. If left untreated, the disease can be rapidly fatal, but the prognosis is good if promptly recognized and hormones are replaced.
Acute ischemic stroke after enjoying Top of Europe
Authors: Krasteva Marina P. , Pospieszny Katarzyna , Heldner Mirjam R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSudden onset of disturbed consciousness, neurocognitive deficits, and weakness of the proximal limbs are typical findings of a watershed stroke. Occurrence after an intense emotional experience and electrocardiogram changes are hints toward the rare cause of stroke of a takotsubo cardiomyopathy, even more if the stroke pattern is embolic.
A rare case of multiple minor salivary gland sialoliths in the masseteric region
Authors: Boamah Matthew Owusu , Brakohiapa Edmund Kwadwo Kwakye , Choi Shaun , Blankson Paa Kwesi , Parkins Grace E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe report a case of a 59‐year‐old woman who presented with swelling of the right cheek. CT Scan showed three calculi located anteromedial to the masseter, and well isolated from other major salivary glands. Calculi were surgically removed with standard intraoral incision and exploration.
Lateral maxillary sinus floor elevation in the presence of a sinus osteoma: A case report
Authors: Mlouka Mootaz , Tlili Mohamed , Hamrouni Ali , Selmi Raki , Khanfir Faten , Khalfi Mohamed Salah , Ben Amor Faten 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEventhough the lateral sinus floor elevation is a well‐documented procedure, many factors can increase its difficulty. The presence an osteoma can be very challenging and must be managed with caution taking in consideration the lesions's size and extension.
Efficacy and safety of low‐dose imatinib in an elderly patient with mixed phenotype acute leukemia with t(9;22)(q34;q11.2);BCR‐ABL1
Authors: Okayama Yusuke , Takakuwa Teruhito , Otomaru Ippei , Horiuchi Mirei , Miura Akiko , Araki Taku , Fujitani Yotaro , Yamamura Ryosuke 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLow‐dose imatinib with monitoring of drug concentrations in blood may successfully control Philadelphia chromosome‐positive mixed phenotype acute leukemia (Ph+MPAL), particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities.