bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower Handgrip Strength levels probably precede Insulin Resistance and Associated with Diabetes in Men not in Women
Authors: Zheng Jia , Zhang Lu , Jiang Min 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo explore the relationship between handgrip strength per weight (HGS/W) and insulin resistance and diabetes metabolism (DM), and whether the lower HGS levels precede IR in China elderly population. MethodsTwo linear regression models were employed to explore the association of whether baseline HGS/W predicted follow-up variation of triglyceride glucose index (TyG) or baseline TyG predicted follow-up variation of HGS/W. The logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between baseline HGS/W and future DM. ResultsA total of 4,561 participants in China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were enrolled, of which 47.0% were men, and the mean age was 58.7 (standard deviation, 8.68) years. A lower level of baseline HGS/W was significantly correlate with a higher level of follow-up TyG (β = -0.173, P = 0.002). The baseline level of HGS/W was significantly negatively associated with incidence risk of DM (rate ratio = 0.375, P = 0.004). However, in gender stratification, statistical association between HGS/W and TyG and DM was only in male.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that the HGS/W was inversely associated with IR and DM, and lower HGS/W levels preceded TyG levels in the elderly population. However, the effect was inconsistent between male and female, and the possible mechanism would need further clarified.
Creating Electricity From Soil
Authors: MANIVASAGAM R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Soil Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) provides the prospect of removing electrical flow from an out sized scope of soils and inexhaustible biomass existing techniques will need pricey chemistry gear and focused reactors. The present examination it created a basic framework for steering high through place bio chemistry exploration using varied modest microorganism power modules worked with industrially accessible materials and worked in temperature while not using agar salt extension and nucleon trade layer. In our current examination, it gathered 2 distinct sorts of soil tests: aubergine developed soil (S1) and Sugarcane developed soil (S2). The creation of power was calculable by utilizing power estimation for these 2 developed soil check. the simplest created circuit voltage, power thickness and current thickness accomplished in aubergine developed soil (S1) were discovered to be 543 mV, 12.8 mW/m2 and 23.6 mA/m2 singly. The engineered SMFC provide enough voltage (2.3 V perpetually for around 456 hours) to manage the LED bulbs effectively for around 456 hours persistently in aubergine developed soil (S1). It created no power in Sugarcane developed soil (S2), it preponderantly affirms the performance of world organization for power creation within the dirt.
Research output on systemic sclerosis and socio-economic factors: An analysis of country-level panel data
Authors: Guo Wei , Zhou Zeyu , Liang Yinhe , Xu Chuanhui , Zeng Lin , Dong Zhiyong , Mu Rong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare detrimental disease warranting mobilization of global research efforts. We aimed to evaluate impacts of country factors on research output over SSc to identify solutions promoting research.
Methods Publication production on SSc during 1969–2018 and data for structural and policy factors were collected from public sources. Effects of country-level factors were investigated through panel regression in WHO member countries. Difference-in-differences analysis assessed the impacts of rare disease legislation. Effect heterogeneity across income levels was evaluated using group regression.
Results SSc publications showed increasing annual growth rate (−0.3% during 1969–1983 vs. 6.9% during 2000–2018). Totally, ten countries published 12 261 (77.5%) SSc publications but another 87 countries produced none. High-income countries with higher GDP, larger population, and higher health expenditure tended to publish more (p<0.001). Whereas in middle-income countries (MICs) SSc scientific output was significantly associated with expenditure on research and development( p <0.001). Rare disease legislation increased annual publication production by 62.8% (95% CI 0.390–0.867; p <0.001) averagely. Notably, the effect of legislation was swift and lasting in MICs during the first five years. No significant impact was found with GDP per capita, female percentage, and political indicators.
Conclusions SSc research output increased over time with substantial country disparities. Effective health policies facilitating research should be expanded especially among MICs to accelerate global advancement.
A novel five-zinc finger-related-gene signature related to tumor immune microenvironment allows for treatment stratification and predicts prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Zhang Feilong , Wu Jiyue , Zhang Jiandong , Cao Peng , Sun Zejia , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most prevalent renal malignant tumors, which survival rate and quality of life of ccRCC patients are not satisfactory. Therefore, identification of prognostic biomarkers of ccRCC patients will contribute to early and accurate clinical intervention and treatment, and then improve their prognosis.
Methods

We downloaded the original expression data of mRNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and the zinc finger(ZNF)-related genes (ZRGs) from UniProt online database. Differentially expressed ZRGs (DE-ZRGs) was screened from tumor and adjacent nontumor tissues and functional enrichment analysis was conducted out. A five-ZRG signature were constructed by univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate Cox regression. Furthermore, we screened out independent prognosis-related factors to build a nomogram by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Potential biological pathways of five ZRGs were analyzed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Then, we further quantitatively analyze immune infiltration and evaluate tumor microenvironment by single sample GSEA. Finally, drug sensitivity of ccRCC patients was analyzed by the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database.
Results

TRIM59, VAV3, ZNF189, AGAP9 and PYGO1 were screened to be significantly associated with the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Through incorporated risk score and clinical parameters, we constructed a nomogram, which showed a good prognostic performance for ccRCC patients.
Human blood-derived lymphoblastoid cybrids for assessment of mitochondrial tRNAs deficiency by MTO1 silence
Authors: Wang Qi , Aishanjiang Maerhaba , Wei Yuping , Gao Zewen , Chen Ye , Lei Zhixian , Shu Qiang , Ye-Lehmann Shixin , Chen Chao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mutations in the mitochondrial translation optimization 1 (MTO1) gene can cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Although the functional role of MTO1 deficiency in certain cells is gradually confirmed, the phenotype of MTO1 deficiency in a lymphoblastoid cybrid line is not yet reported. In this study, we characterized changes of mitochondrial function in MTO1 silenced cybrid cells derived from human lymphoblastoids, immature white blood cells that give rise to lymphocytes. We showed that MTO1 silence decreased the levels of 2-thiourylation of mitochondrial tRNALys, tRNAGlu, and tRNAGln, nevertheless, the aminoacylation efficiency of tRNALys and the steady state of mitochondrial tRNAs were elevated. These aberrant tRNA changes caused a significant decrease in protein levels of oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits including complex I, III, IV and V. Furthermore, dysfunctional mitochondria promoted apoptosis in stress, evidenced by elevated ratios of apoptotic cells and increased levels of apoptosis-activated proteins in the MTO1 knockdown cell lines, as compared to the controls. Our data provide new insights into the important functional role of MTO1 in lymphoblastoid mitochondria. We envision the cybrid cell line approach we have established provides an alternative model for the cardiac tissue of high-energy demands characteristics, and they hold promises for the diagnosis and drug screening for the therapeutic agents of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by MTO1 dysfunction.
Metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases deteriorated in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak: evidence from a two-center, retrospective, self-controlled study
Authors: Xue Ting , Xu Lizhen , Mao Yaqian , Lin Wei , Liang Jixing , Huang Huibin , Li Liantao , Wen Junping , Chen Gang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

The current double epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their vicious circle relationship causes adverse health effects at the population level and, at the same time, places a tremendous burden on the health care system. Our study aimed to investigate whether the metabolic indicators associated with NCDs in the general population have changed during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Results

We conducted a retrospective self-controlled study enrolling adult participants who received baseline test for metabolic indicators related to NCDs during January 1, 2019 and April 30, 2019 and were followed up on metabolic indicators in the same period in 2020. The follow-up total cholesterol was significantly increased than that of the baseline (4.73 (4.05, 5.46) mmol/L vs 4.71 (4.05, 5.43) mmol/L, p = 0.019; n = 3379). Similar results were observed in triglyceride (1.29 (0.91, 1.88) vs 1.25 (0.87, 1.81) mmol/L, p < 0.001; n = 3381), uric acid (330.0 (272.0, 397.0) vs 327.0 (271.0, 389.0) umol/L, p < 0.001; n = 3364), and glycosylated hemoglobin (6.50 (6.10, 7.30) vs 6.50 (6.10, 7.20) %, p = 0.013; n = 532). No significant difference was observed in low density lipoprotein, body mass index and blood pressure.
Conclusions

Metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases deteriorated in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak. We should take action to prevent and control non-communicable diseases without delay.
Changes in and Prognostic Impact of Chemotherapeutic Strategy in Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Arigami Takaaki , Matsushita Daisuke , Okubo Keishi , Tanaka Takako , Sasaki Ken , Noda Masahiro , Tsuruda Yusuke , Kita Yoshiaki , Mori Shinichiro , Kurahara Hiroshi , Uenosono Yoshikazu , Ohtsuka Takao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2018 have recommended first- to third-line treatment regimens after nivolumab approval for unresectable advanced gastric cancer. However, the clinical impact of chemotherapeutic changes, including post-progression chemotherapy (PPC), remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate changes in PPC before and after nivolumab approval and determine their prognostic impact.Methods: A total of 146 patients with unresectable gastric cancer who had at least progressive disease after first- and/or second-line chemotherapy were retrospectively enrolled. All patients were divided into two groups based on the nivolumab approval period.Results: Among the 146 patients, 46 and 23 received ramucirumab and nivolumab, respectively. Moreover, 95 and 62 patients received PPC after first- and second-line chemotherapy, respectively. Group B (i.e., at least chemotherapy after nivolumab approval) had significantly higher proportions of patients receiving ramucirumab therapy, nivolumab therapy, and PPC after first- or second-line chemotherapy compared to group A (i.e., termination of chemotherapy before nivolumab approval) (all p < 0.0001). Group A had significantly poorer prognosis than group B (p = 0.0002). Multivariate analysis showed that age (< 70 vs. ³ 70), number of distant metastatic sites (1 vs. ³ 2), and ramucirumab therapy were independent prognostic factors (p = 0.0252, p = 0.0036, and p = 0.0076, respectively).Conclusion: Our retrospective study demonstrated that changes in chemotherapeutic strategy might contribute to improved prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Maternal Separation Impairs Mother’s Cognition One Month Beyond The Separation
Authors: Joushi Sara , Taherizadeh Zahra , Borzadaran Fatemeh Mohtashami , Francis-Oliveira José , Esmaeilpour Khadije , Sheibani Vahid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Separation of pups from their dam during the infancy not only has detrimental effects on the pups’ brain but also affects dams’ behavior. Postpartum stress may affect mothers’ cognitive functions. In the present study, by using a 180 min/day maternal separation (MS) paradigm, we assessed anxiety- like behavior (in the elevated plus maze) and locomotor activity (in the open field) of rat dams which experienced separation from postnatal day (PND) 1 until weaning. Since no study has ever investigated MS effects on spatial learning and memory of dams in the Morris water maze, we tried for the first time to clarify whether such separation impairs dam’s performance in the Morris water maze. Methods:We assessed dams’ behavior at three time points; 24 hours, 1 week and 1 month after weaning. Therefore, the six groups consisted of control (CTRL); 24h, 1week and 1month and MS; 24h, 1week and 1month was allocated in this study.Results: Our results revealed that although MS-24h and MS-1week groups had intact locomotor activity, MS-1month group showed less locomotor activity in the open field. Moreover, MS induced anxiety–like behavior was more pronounced in MS-1week and MS-1month dams. Spatial learning and memory was also impaired only in MS-1month dams. Conclusions: We can conclude that MS induces cognitive impairments in dam that may appear not immediately after the separation, but a few weeks after such stressful event.
Enhanced Virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis ATCC13076 under Acid Stress by Global Transcriptomics
Authors: Bai Hong , Zhou Donggen , Hu Shuangfang , Zhang Xiaowei , Liu Qijun , Xiao Xinglong , Yu Yigang , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a primary pathogen causing foodborne diseases and intestinal inflammatory responses. Acid tolerance response (ATR), as a strategy of adaption and resistance to acid stress, may contribute to enhanced virulence. In this study, there was a moderately acid adaption (pH 5.0) for S. Enteritidis cells prior to treatment with acid stress (pH 3.0). To figure out whether S. Enteritidis up-regulated the virulence or not, a global transcriptomic analysis was carried out by high-throughout RNA-sEq. The results showed 74 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in virulence were identified after acid stress, among which, 62 DEGs were up-regulated and 12 DEGs were down-regulated. Afterwards, those virulence-linked DEGs were discussed and classified into four aspects based on the steps of infection, including flagellar functions, fimbrial adhesins, T3SS-mediated invasion and other virulent determinants. In conclusion, S. Enteritidis seemed to exhibit a trend of virulent genes towards high-expression under acid stress, revealing risks of Salmonella in acid-containing food. To our knowledge, there were few studies on comprehensively analyzing virulent genes expression changes of Salmonella, but it’s novel to put forward pathogenicity as the highest priority under acid environment.
Vulnerability Analysis of Tailings Dam Failure Based on DEMATEL-ISM
Authors: Wang Jiahe Wang , Zheng Binbin , Wang Jiahe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To effectively reduce the risk of tailings dam failure accident, the vulnerability risk of tailings dam failure was systematically analyzed by using the analysis method of Decision-making Trial and Laboratory (DEMATEL) combined with the Interpretative Structural Modeling Method (ISM). A dam failure impact factor evaluation index system was constructed, and the DEMATEL method was used to study the mutual influence relationship between risk factors and determine the key risk factors and outcome factors; the ISM method was used to divide the hierarchy of each influence factor and determine the comprehensive influence relationship of risk factors, and then the tailings dam failure risk evolution model was established. The results show that: whether the dam construction material meets the specification (X6), insufficient safety superelevation (X11), the reservoir water level (X16), and the flood discharge capacity of the flood discharge facility (X17) are direct factors, which directly lead to the occurrence of dam failure; the professional quality of safety personnel (X3), the depth of the infiltration line (X13) and a series of other factors are intermediate factors, which conduct and accumulate the risk; slope instability (X25) and the seismic intensity (X34) are essential causal factors. The key control and prevention of the essential factors can help to reduce the risk of dam failure from the root. The results of the study can provide a better perspective and direction for reducing the occurrence of dam failure accidents.
The Expression and Roles of the Super Elongation Complex in Mouse Cochlear Lgr5+ Progenitor Cells
Authors: Chen Yin , Qiang Ruiying , Zhang Yuan , Cao Wei , Wu Leilei , Jiang Pei , Ai Jingru , Ma Xiangyu , Dong Ying , Gao Xia , Li He , Lu Ling , Zhang Shasha , Chai Renjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The super elongation complex (SEC) has been reported to play a key role in the proliferation and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. However, the expression pattern and function of the SEC in the inner ear has not been investigated.Methods: Here, we measured the expression of the three key SEC subunits AFF1, AFF4, and ELL3. We also used Lgr5-EGFP-Ires-CreERT2 mice to isolate the Lgr5+ progenitors via flow cytometry to evaluate the effect of the SEC on the proliferation and differentiation ability of Lgr5+ progenitors.Results: We studied the inner ear expression pattern of three key SEC components, AFF1, AFF4 and ELL3, and found that these three proteins are all expressed in both cochlear hair cells and supporting cells. We also cultured Lgr5+ inner ear progenitors in vitro for sphere-forming assays and differentiation assays in the presence of the SEC inhibitor flavopiridol. We found that flavopiridol treatment decreased the proliferation ability of Lgr5+ progenitors, while the differentiation ability of Lgr5+ progenitors was not affected.Conclusions: Our results suggest that the SEC might play important roles in regulating inner ear progenitors and thus regulating hair cell regeneration. Therefore, it will be very meaningful to further investigate the detailed roles of the SEC signaling pathway in the inner ear in vivo in order to develop effective treatments for sensorineural hearing loss.
FNC Inhibits Proliferation and Metastasis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Jing Xiang , Niu Shuai , Liang Yi , Chen Huiping , Wang Ning , Peng Youmei , Ma Fang , Yue Wanying , Wang Qingduan , Chang Junbiao , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with the highest morbidity and mortality rate, and chemotherapy is the primary therapy for NSCLC. However, the clinical outcome is still far from satisfactory. This study aimed to determine the effects and mechanisms of FNC on NSCLC. Results: FNC, 2'-deoxy-2'-β-fluoro-4'-azidocytidine, is a novel cytidine analogue, inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of H460 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner in vitro. Mechanistically, treatment of H460 cells with FNC inhibits Bcl-2 expression and potentiates Cytochrome C (Cyt-C) release, Bax and caspase-3 expression. In parallel, FNC inhibits tumor migration, invasion and metastasis in H460 cells by increasing E-cadherin protein levels and reducing the expression of VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9 proteins. And murine models and mouse xenograft models also proved that FNC could significantly inhibit NSCLC tumor growth and metastasis with low toxicity. Finally, we also discovered that inhibition of DNMT3B expression is one of the important mechanisms of FNC inhibiting proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Conclusions: FNC induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and represses tumor progression by targeting multiple proteins related to cell adhesion and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, FNC was involved in regulating DNA methylation. In summary, our results support the further development of FNC as potential therapeutics for clinical non-small cell lung cancer.
Support Mechanisms for Research Generation and Application for Post–Graduate Students in Four Universities in Uganda
Authors: OBUKU Ekwaro A. , APUNYO Robert , MBABAZI Gladys , MAFIGIRI David K , KARAMAGI Charles , SENGOOBA Freddie , LAVIS John N , SEWANKAMBO Nelson K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPost–graduate students world over complete a research thesis in partial fulfillment of their degree requirements. This study identified and evaluated support mechanisms for research generation and utilization for masters’ students in health institutions of higher learning in Uganda. MethodsA self administered cross–sectional survey using a modified Self Assessment Tool for Research Institutions (SATORI). Post–graduate students were requested to encircle the most appropriate response in a Likert scale from 1 where the ‘situation was unfavorable and/or there was a need for an intervention’; to 5 where the ‘situation was good or needed no intervention’. These questions were asked under four domains: the ‘research question’; ‘knowledge production’; ‘knowledge transfer’ and ‘promoting use of evidence’. Mean scores of individual questions and aggregate means under the four domains were computed; and then compared to identify areas of strengths and gaps that required action.ResultsMost of the respondents returned their questionnaires, 185 of 258 (71.7%) and only 79 (42.7%) had their theses submitted for examination. Three of the four domains scored below the mid–level domain score of 3, that is “the situation is neither favorable nor unfavorable”, table 2. Specifically, the domain of “Proposal development for post-graduate research project” had the highest mean score of 3.53 out of the maximum 5. Areas requiring substantial improvements were, priority setting during “Research question identification”, which had the least mean score of 2.12. This was followed by “promoting use of post–graduate research products”, tying at 2.28 mean scores each. The domain, “Knowledge transfer of post-graduate research products”, had an above average mean score that is 2.75.Conclusions﻿This study reports that existing research support mechanisms for post–graduate students in Uganda encourage access to supervisors and mentors. Secondly, post–graduate students engagement with research users was limited, as was awareness of intellectual property rights. Views of supervisors and mentors were not captured, a subject for future research.