bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Predictors of COVID-19 Disease Outcomes in Health Care Workers
Authors: Monfared Ali , Madani Ali Hamidi , Taromsari Morteza Rahbar , Khosravi Masoud , Rezvani Seyed Mahmoud , Pourkazemi Aydin , Aghajanzadeh Pegah , Akhondzadeh Neda , Fakhr-Mousavi Aboozar , Saeedinia Mostafa , Habibi Ali Faghih , Vakilzadeh Mohammad Hasan , Foumani Seyed Ali Alavi , Jafarinejad Alireza , Tangestaninejad Azita , Gharib Cyrus , Shenavar Irandokht , Baluo Heidar Ali , Hemmati Hossein , Heidarzadeh Abtin , Jouryabi Ali Mohammadzadeh , Rimaz Siamak , Haghighi Mohammad , Naderi-Nabi Bahram , Esmaeili Samaneh , Akhondzadeh Leila 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 has been associated with many problems for the general public and especially health care workers (HCWs). This study conducted to provide predictors of COVID-19 outcomes on HCWs in Rasht, Iran.Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study, 381 HCWs with positive RT-PCR or high-resolution lungs computed tomography for COVID-19 from February 21 to April 19, 2020 evaluated. The prevalence, demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological presentations and outcomes and their correlation were studied.Results: The prevalence of COVID-19 in HCWs was 5.62%, and the total mortality rate was 0.2%. The mortality rates were different between genders (P=0.002) and in general ward compared to intensive care unit (P=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, age (OR:1.12, 95%CI 1.02–1.23, P=0.014), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR:10.73, 95%CI 1.91–60.3, P=0.007), blood group B (OR:19.2, 95%CI 1.8–199.984, P=0.013), the presence of peribronchovascular involvement (OR:1.1, 95% CI OR:1.02–1.2, P=0.019), dyspnea on admission (OR:1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.09, P=0.013), higher neutrophil count (OR:1.09, 95%CI 1.04–1.14, P<0.001), higher level of alkaline phosphatase (OR:1, 95%CI 1.001–1.002, P=0.001), and longer prothrombin time (OR:1.027, 95%CI 1.008–1.046, P=0.005) increase the risk of mortality. The cutoff of 90% for oxygen saturation on admission (sensitivity=91.9%, specificity=88.9%) and 1004 for absolute lymphocyte count (sensitivity=81.8%, specificity=66.6%) were estimated as predictors of mortality.Conclusions: Old age, male sex, underlying disease of DM and hypertension, O2 saturation less than 90%, and absolute lymphocyte count less than 1004/mL in HCWs are prone to adverse outcomes such as the need for mechanical ventilation or death.
Quantum K-Means Clustering Method For Detecting Heart Disease Using Quantum Circuit Approach
Authors: S Kavitha S , Kaulgud Narasimha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The development of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum computers is expected to signify potential advantages of quantum computing over classical computing. This paper focuses on quantum paradigm usage to speed up unsupervised machine learning algorithms particularly the K-means clustering method. The main approach is to build a quantum circuit that performs the distance calculation required for the clustering process. This proposed technique is a collaboration of data mining techniques with quantum computation. Initially extracted heart disease dataset is preprocessed and classical K-means performance is evaluated. Later, the quantum concept is applied to the classical approach of the clustering algorithm. The comparative analysis is performed between quantum and classical processing to check performance metrics.
The Secrets to Domestic Bliss – Partner Fidelity and Environmental Filtering Preserve Stage-Specific Turtle Ant Gut Symbioses for Over 40 Million Years
Authors: Hu Yi , D’Amelio Catherine L , Béchade Benoît , Cabuslay Christian S , Sanders Jon G , Price Shauna , Fanwick Emily , Powell Scott , Moreau Corrie S , Russell Jacob A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundGut microbiomes can vary across development, a pattern often found for insects with complete metamorphosis. With varying nutritional need and distinct opportunities for microbial acquisition, questions arise as to how such ‘holometabolous’ insects retain helpful microbes at larval and adult stages. Ants are an intriguing system for such study. In a number of lineages adults digest only liquid food sources, while larvae digest solid foods. Like some other social insects, workers and soldiers of some ant species engage in oral-anal trophallaxes, enabling microbial transfer among siblings. But do queens, the typical colony founding caste, obtain symbionts through such transfer? Does this enable transgenerational symbiont passage? And does the resulting partner fidelity promote the evolution of beneficial symbionts? Furthermore, how might such adult-centric biology shape larval microbiomes? To address these questions, we characterized symbiotic gut bacteria across 13 species of Cephalotes turtle ants, with up to 40-million years of divergence. Adding to the prior focus on workers we, here, study underexplored castes and stages including queens, soldiers, and larvae, by performing 16S rRNA qPCR, amplicon sequencing, and phylogenetic classification. ResultsWe show that adult microbiomes are conserved across species and largely across castes. Nearly 95% of the bacteria in adults have, thus far, been found only in Cephalotes ants. Furthermore, the microbiomes from most adults exhibit phylosymbiosis, a trend in which microbiome community similarity recapitulates patterns of host relatedness. Additionally, an abundant, adult-enriched symbiont cospeciates with some Cephalotes. Evidence here suggests that these partner fidelity patterns extend from transgenerational symbiont transfer through alate gyne dispersal and subsequent colony-founding by queens. Like adults, larvae of Cephalotes species exhibit strong microbiome conservation. Phylosymbiosis patterns are weaker, however, with further evidence elevating environmental filtering as a primary mechanism behind such conservation. Specifically, while adult-enriched symbionts are found in most larvae, symbionts of older larvae are highly related to free-living bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacillales, and Actinobacteria. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that both partner fidelity and conserved environmental filtering drive stable, stage-specific, social insect symbioses. We discuss the implications for our broader understanding of insect microbiomes, and the means of sustaining a beneficial microbiome.
Estrogen Receptor β Deficiency Impairs Gut Microbiota: A Possible Mechanism for IBD-Related Anxiety-Like Behavior
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Liu Tianyao , Li Xin , Kong Anqi , Xiao Rui , Xie Ruxin , Gao Junwei , Wang Zhongke , Cai Yun , Zou Jiao , Yang Ling , Wang Lian , Zhao Jinghui , Xu Haiwei , Margaret Warner , Xu Xingshun , Gustafsson Jan-Ake , Fan Xiaotang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Although lack of ERβ is an acknowledged risk factor for the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psychiatric disorders, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we revealed the role of gut microbiota in the development of IBD and related anxiety-like behavior in ERβ deficiency mice. Results: In this study, we showed that ERβ knockout mice upon dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) insult displayed significant shifts in fecal microbiota composition with increasing enrichment of genus Prevotellaceae_UCG_001, aggravated colitis severity and anxiety-like behaviors. In addition, DSS induced colitis also enhanced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity in ERβ-deficiency mice, which linked colitis and anxiety-like behaviors. In line with these observations, RNA sequencing data further identified ErbB4 might be the target of ERβ involved in regulating HPA axis hyperactivity caused by DSS insult. Gut microbiota remodeling by co-housing showed both colitis severity and anxiety-like behaviors were aggravated in co-housed WT mice compared with single-housed WT mice, suggesting that gut microbiota plays a critical role in mediating colitis disease activity and related anxiety-like behaviors via aberrant neural processing within the gut-brain axis. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate ERβ has the potential to inhibit colitis development and anxiety-like behaviors via remodeling of gut microbiota, which reveals ERβ as a promising therapeutic target for treating IBD and related anxiety-like behaviors.
Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccines hesitancy in rural and urban West Africa: Implications for vaccination strategies
Authors: Faye Sylvain , Krumkamp Ralf , Doumbia Seydou , Tounkara Moctar , Strauss Ricardo , Ouedraogo Henri Gautier , Sagna Tani Linda , Barry Alpha Mohammed , Mbawah Abdul Karim , Doumbia Cheick Oumar , Diouf Souleyman , Kadari Cissé , Harding Mohamed , Donven Paule , May Jürgen , Puradiredja Dewi Ismajani , Fusco Daniela , Consortium ACHES 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Raising immunization coverage against COVID-19, in particular in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is crucial in addressing the current pandemic. Additionally, in Africa reaching the necessary herd immunity threshold is jeopardized by factors, such as vaccine hesitancy. To build confidence in COVID-19 vaccines, it is important to understand and address the reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Yet, few studies for rural and urban Sub-Saharan Africa exist, which have analyzed these factors. Methods: This study reports on a cross-sectional survey in five West African countries (Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, Senegal, and Sierra Leone) to identify and describe factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural and urban settings. The survey was conducted at a time when in these countries the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines had not yet or only just begun. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression models, with robust standard errors. The general protocol is registered on clinicaltrial.gov (protocol number: NCT04912284)Results: Findings show that in West Africa COVID-19 adult vaccine acceptance ranges from 60% in Guinea and 50% in Sierra Leone to 11% in Senegal. This is largely congruent with acceptance levels of COVID-19 vaccinations for children. Multivariable regression analysis shows that perceived effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines increased the willingness to get vaccinated, rather than socio-demographic factors, such as educational attainment and rural/urban residence. Primary sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines, include television, radio, and social media. Conclusions: Communication strategies addressed at the adult population using mass and social media, which emphasize COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and safety, could encourage greater acceptance also of COVID-19 child vaccinations in Sub-Saharan countries.
Construction and Validation of A Novel RNA Binding Protein-Associated Prognostic Model for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yang Gen-hua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims: RNA binding proteins (RBPs) dysregulation played crucial roles in human malignancies prognosis. However, the roles of RBPs in gastric cancer (GC) prognosis remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to construct a risk score model based on prognostic-associated RBPs to predict the survival of GC patients. Methods: The RNA sequencing data of GC from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were download. The univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the prognostic-associated RBPs, and subsequently constructed a risk score model. Indeed, the risk score model was validated by Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves based on training cohort and test cohort from TCGA. Finally, a nomogram was constructed to predict the survival of GC patients according to these prognostic-associated RBPs. Results: Four prognostic-associated RBPs (RNASE3, RNASE1, BOLL, and PABPC5) were identified, and then constructed a risk score model. Further analysis showed that GC patients in the high-risk group had a poorer overall survival (OS) compared with that in the low-risk group based on the risk score model. The area under the curve of the time-dependent ROC of the prognostic model were 0.706 and 0.631 in the training cohort and test cohort, respectively, revealing a good prognostic model. A nomogram was established, and showed a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity to predict the survival rate of GC patients. Conclusion: Four prognostic-associated RBPs were identified, and constructed a risk score model, which may provide promising treatment targets and prognostic markers for GC patients.
Optimal And Worst Examination Strategies For COVID-19
Authors: Tatsuki Onishi , Naoki Honda , Igarashi Yasunobu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging threat to the whole world, and every government is seeking an optimal solution. However, none of them have succeeded, and they have only provided series of natural experiments. Although simulation studies seem to be helpful, there is no model that addresses the how much testing to be conducted to minimise the emerging infectious disease outbreaks. In this study, we develop a testing susceptible, infectious, exposed, recovered, and dead (testing-SEIRD) model using two discrete populations inside and outside hospitals. The populations that tested positive were isolated. Through the simulations, we examined the infectious spread represented by the number of cumulative deaths, hospitalisations, and positive tests, depending on examination strategies, testing characteristics, and hospitalisation capacity. We found all-or-none responses of either expansion or extinction of the infectious spreads, depending on the rates of follow-up and mass testing, which represent testing the people identified as close contacts with infected patients using follow-up surveys and people with symptoms, respectively. We also demonstrated that there were optimal and worst examination strategies, which were determined by the total resources and testing costs. The testing-SEIRD model is useful in making decisions on examination strategies for the emerging infectious disease outbreaks.
Robust Bias-Correction of Precipitation Extremes Using A Novel Hybrid Empirical Quantile Mapping Method: Advantages of A Linear Correction For Extremes
Authors: Holthuijzen Maike , Beckage Brian , Clemins Patrick J , Higdon Dave , Winter Jonathan M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
High-resolution, daily precipitation climate products that realistically represent extremes are critical for evaluating local-scale climate impacts. A popular bias-correction method, empirical quantile mapping (EQM), can generally correct distributional discrepancies between simulated climate variables and observed data but can be highly sensitive to the choice of calibration period and is prone to overfitting. In this study, we propose a hybrid bias-correction method for precipitation, EQM-LIN, which combines the efficacy of EQM for correcting lower quantiles, with a robust linear correction for upper quantiles. We apply both EQM and EQM-LIN to historical daily precipitation data simulated by a regional climate model over a region in the northeastern United States. We validate our results using a five-fold cross-validation and quantify performance of EQM and EQM-LIN using skill score metrics and several climatological indices. As part of a high-resolution downscaling and bias-correction workflow, EQM-LIN significantly outperforms EQM in reducing mean, and especially extreme, daily distributional biases present in raw model output. EQM-LIN performed as good or better than EQM in terms of bias-correcting standard climatological indices (e.g., total annual rainfall, frequency of wet days, total annual extreme rainfall). In addition, our study shows that EQM-LIN is particularly resistant to overfitting at extreme tails and is much less sensitive to calibration data, both of which can reduce the uncertainty of bias-correction at extremes.
The Effect of Layer-by-Layer Building in Selective Laser Sintering on the Performance of Polymer-Based THz Optical Systems
Authors: Moagar-Poladian Gabriel , Tibeica Catalin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Additive manufacturing technologies have reached a point where ready-to-use items are directly produced from a PC-stored data file. Among these technologies, selective laser sintering has become a mature technology able to fabricate complex geometric structures using a variety of materials. Despite the versatility of this technology, it also has some drawbacks. One of those limitations, of major concern for building optical elements, is the step-like structure of the surface specific to the layer-by-layer building. In our paper, we present extensive full-wave electromagnetic calculations that consider the effect of those steps on the optical behaviour of refractive lenses made for the THz spectral domain. Our results show that at least up to 1.5 THz, the additively manufactured, stepwise lens behaves very close to its ideally smooth surface counterpart.
A 5-Year Longitudinal Study of Knee Pain Among Natural Disaster Survivors
Authors: Yabe Yutaka , Hagiwara Yoshihiro , Sekiguchi Takuya , Sugawara Yumi , Tsuchiya Masahiro , Yoshida Shinichirou , Tsuji Ichiro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Knee pain is a common symptom among natural disaster survivors as well as general population. However, its long-term course is unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the course of knee pain, especially focusing on the association between prior and subsequent knee pain, among people living in disaster-stricken areas.Methods: This was a 5-year longitudinal study of 1,821 participants. Knee pain was assessed at two, four, and seven years after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Multiple logistic regression analyses were examined to assess the association of knee pain at two and five years after the disaster and knee pain at seven years after the disaster.Results: The prevalence of knee pain was 18.0%, 18.2%, and 19.7% at two, four, and seven years after the disaster, respectively. Throughout the 5-year period, 34.7% of the participants had knee pain at any time point and 6.2% had knee pain at all three time points. Knee pain at two and four years after the disaster was significantly associated with knee pain at seven years after the disaster (adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals): 3.17 (2.32–4.34) for knee pain at either of the two time points and 12.49 (8.42–18.54) for knee pain at both time points (p for trend <0.001)).Conclusions: In the present 5-year cohort study, the prevalence of knee pain was gradually increased. Among the people with knee pain at any time point, approximately one fifth of them had consistent pain. Prior knee pain was associated with subsequent knee pain, which was stronger in those with more prior knee pain episodes. Clinicians should pay attention to prior knee pain episodes to consider methods to treat knee pain.
Do Digestive Bacteria Suffer from Oxidative Stress: A Study on Ruminal Bacteria
Authors: MEYNADIER Annabelle , Pascal Geraldine , Kaleem Muhammad , Farizon Yves , Cauquil Laurent , COMBES Sylvie , Durand Denis , Enjalbert Francis 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Heating oils and oilseeds results in oxidized fatty acids with potential antimicrobial properties, that could affect digestive microbiota and therefore health. A long-term in vitro study was conducted to check the effects of one hydroperoxide, 13OOH cis-9,trans-11-C18:2 (13HPOD), and two aldehydes, hexanal and trans-2,trans-4-decadienal (T2T4D), on rumen bacteria and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Rumen fluid was incubated with one of the three oxidation products for 54 h or 102 h. Controls without oxidation products were also incubated. Increasing incubation duration changed the bacterial community and caused acidification and probably oxidative stress, resulting in increased SOD activity. The bacterial community was highly affected by T2T4D, in particular the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and the relative abundance of the Bacteroidales S24-7 group family, leading to an alteration of fermentation responsible for a higher final pH than those in control cultures and a diminution of SOD activity. Other oxidative products did not affect SOD activity, and hexanal did not modify the bacterial community compared to that of the control. The modification of the bacterial community by T2T4D represents a potential risk for the health of its host. Oxidative stress needs to be investigated in digestive ecosystems.
Repeat Kidney Transplantation with Living Donor is as Safe and Efficient as First Transplantation
Authors: Oh Namkee , Lee Kyo Won , Cho Hyun , Woo Sook Young , Rhu Jinsoo , Lee Seunghwan , Kim Jong Man , Choi Gyu-Seong , Park Jae Berm , Joh Jae-Won 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The number of patients relisted for repeat kidney transplantation is increasing due to prolonged survival after first transplantation. This study is designed to compare the outcomes of second living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) with first LDKT.Methods: Data were collected retrospectively for 1429 LDKT, performed from 1995 to 2020 at Samsung Medical Center. Demographic data of recipients and donors, immunologic factors, and outcomes of 2nd LDKT were compared to those of 1st LDKT.Results: Among 1429 cases of LDKT, 1355 were 1st LDKT, and 74 were 2nd LDKT. Basic demographic data were comparable for these two groups of patients. The 5- and 10-year graft survival of 1st LDKT were 94% and 84%, respectively, while those of 2nd LDKT were 96% and 86%, showing no significant differences (p = 0.399). The 5-year patient survival of 1st LDKT was 98% and that of 2nd LDKT was 96%, while the respective 10-year survival was 94% and 93%, showing no significant differences (p = 0.766). Multivariate analysis confirmed that history of previous transplantation was not a risk factor of graft survival (HR 0.83, p = 0.677) or patient survival (HR 1.68, p = 0.396). Conclusions: Therefore, repeat kidney transplantation with living donor is reasonable treatment of choice for patients experiencing graft loss.