bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The everyday life situation of caregivers to family members who have had a stroke and received the rehabilitation intervention F@ce in Uganda
Authors: Eriksson Gunilla Margareta , Kamwesiga Julius Tunga , Guidetti Susanne 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Stroke is increasing in Africa and consequences such as limitations in the performance of activities in everyday life persist a long time. A family member might need to care for and assist the person who has had a stroke. The life situation of these caregivers thereby changes, which could lead to increased workload and new responsibilities in caring for which they lack but request knowledge. During the F@ce rehabilitation program, the caregivers received counseling, which is uncommon in the African context. The aim of the study was twofold; (1) to investigate the perceived caregiver burden and life satisfaction and, (2) to explore and describe the life situation for caregivers to persons that have had a stroke and received the mobile phone supported rehabilitation F@ce in urban areas in Uganda.

Method
A mixed method design was used. Twelve caregivers took part in a semi-structured interview regarding their everyday life situation and responded to questionnaires on caregiver burden and life satisfaction. Latent qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews.

Results
Five categories were identified in the caregivers’ experiences of their life situation: Feels obligated but is just a natural commitment; a tightly scheduled everyday life; being the supporting relative; the caregivers´ approach as rehabilitators; and being supported by the rehabilitation intervention. The caregivers rated relatively high on the Caregiver Burden Scale and two thirds of the sample rated their satisfaction with life as a whole as dissatisfying. Further ratings on the Life Satisfaction checklist revealed that the financial, vocational, leisure and family situations were dissatisfying.

Conclusions
Even if it was viewed as a natural commitment to be a caregiver when a family member had had a stroke, the life situation changed substantially for those who took on the caregiving role. Caregiving responsibilities were challenging as well as a heavy workload and a strained financial situation as many were giving up on jobs. The participants felt burdened and rated a low life satisfaction. The F@ce intervention was, however, expressed as valued and involved support and advice in their caregiving situation as well as information on stroke which relieved stress among them.
Patient perspectives on endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Saydy Nadim , Moubayed Sami Pierre , Desrosiers Martin 
Published: June 2021

Background Through shared decision-making, physicians and patients can elect endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) when maximal medical therapy fails in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In this study, we aim to explore the most important themes with regards to patients’ perspectives on ESS. Our objective was to define the patient experience and ensure that we have congruent physician and patient goals for obtaining success. Methods Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 22 patients at a tertiary-care institution in Montreal. Three themes were established a priori: living with CRS, objectives and expectations and criteria for success. This thematic approach allowed the identification, analysis and reporting of patterns found across the data set. A phenomenological methodological orientation was used. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim for continuous analysis. These were coded by hand by a single coder who read the transcripts multiple times and relistened to the recordings. Results Exploration of themes on patients’ perspectives on ESS for CRS yielded multiple anecdotal findings, and some recurring patterns. There is a tendency for patients to focus on one principal symptom that drives their decrease in QoL. Headaches and nasal congestion seemed to impact patients’ QoL the most amongst rhinologic symptoms. Hyposmia was rarely spontaneously by patients but was often a significant source of distress when prompted during interviews. Objectives and expectations seemed to be inversely proportional to number of previous surgeries and severity of symptoms preoperatively. There was a clear association between preoperative expectations and postoperative satisfaction. There was no clear pattern in the improvement magnitude or time improved postoperatively for patients to consider the surgery a success. Conclusions Patients’ level of satisfaction postoperatively and with their care in general is multifactorial. We believe the topic of goals and expectations regarding ESS should be discussed preoperatively for every patient with CRS. This includes patients with seemingly minor disease and patients naive to surgery, as can sometimes have exceedingly high expectations. Preoperative counselling must also include an assessment of what symptom is the most cumbersome to that particular patient, as patients tend to focus a lot on one or two symptoms. Postoperatively, we encourage clinicians to be attentive to the change in each patient's principal complaints within the context of a personalized approach and to refer back to patients’ preoperative goals in their assessment of operative success. Graphical Abstract
Structured-light 3D scanning of exhibited historical clothing—a first-ever methodical trial and its results
Authors: Montusiewicz Jerzy , Miłosz Marek , Kęsik Jacek , Żyła Kamil 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Historical costumes are part of cultural heritage. Unlike architectural monuments, they are very fragile, which exacerbates the problems of their protection and popularisation. A big help in this can be the digitisation of their appearance, preferably using modern techniques of three-dimensional representation (3D). The article presents the results of the search for examples and methodologies of implementing 3D scanning of exhibited historical clothes as well as the attendant problems. From a review of scientific literature it turns out that so far practically no one in the world has made any methodical attempts at scanning historical clothes using structured-light 3D scanners (SLS) and developing an appropriate methodology. The vast majority of methods for creating 3D models of clothes used photogrammetry and 3D modelling software. Therefore, an innovative approach was proposed to the problem of creating 3D models of exhibited historical clothes through their digitalisation by means of a 3D scanner using structural light technology. A proposal for the methodology of this process and concrete examples of its implementation and results are presented. The problems related to the scanning of 3D historical clothes are also described, as well as a proposal how to solve them or minimise their impact. The implementation of the methodology is presented on the example of scanning elements of the Emir of Bukhara's costume (Uzbekistan) from the end of the nineteenth century, consisting of the gown, turban and shoes. Moreover, the way of using 3D models and information technologies to popularise cultural heritage in the space of digital resources is also discussed.
A deep convolutional visual encoding model of neuronal responses in the LGN
Authors: Mounier Eslam , Abdullah Bassem , Mahdi Hani , Eldawlatly Seif 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) represents one of the major processing sites along the visual pathway. Despite its crucial role in processing visual information and its utility as one target for recently developed visual prostheses, it is much less studied compared to the retina and the visual cortex. In this paper, we introduce a deep learning encoder to predict LGN neuronal firing in response to different visual stimulation patterns. The encoder comprises a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that incorporates visual stimulus spatiotemporal representation in addition to LGN neuronal firing history to predict the response of LGN neurons. Extracellular activity was recorded in vivo using multi-electrode arrays from single units in the LGN in 12 anesthetized rats with a total neuronal population of 150 units. Neural activity was recorded in response to single-pixel, checkerboard and geometrical shapes visual stimulation patterns. Extracted firing rates and the corresponding stimulation patterns were used to train the model. The performance of the model was assessed using different testing data sets and different firing rate windows. An overall mean correlation coefficient between the actual and the predicted firing rates of 0.57 and 0.7 was achieved for the 10 ms and the 50 ms firing rate windows, respectively. Results demonstrate that the model is robust to variability in the spatiotemporal properties of the recorded neurons outperforming other examined models including the state-of-the-art Generalized Linear Model (GLM). The results indicate the potential of deep convolutional neural networks as viable models of LGN firing.
Household knowledge, practice and treatment seeking behaviors towards cutaneous leishmaniasis in the endemic rural communities of Ganta- afeshum district, Tigrai, northern Ethiopia, 2019: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tesfay Kebede , Mardu Fitsum , Berhe Brhane , Negash Hadush , Legese Haftom , Adhanom Gebre , Belay Getachew , Gebrewahid Aderajew , Tesfay Shinesh , Gufue Zenawi Hagos 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic to Ethiopia. However, the prevention and control efforts of leishmaniasis remain unfocused with clear knowledge and practice gaps within the country. Thus, a house to house survey has been carried out to assess the knowledge, practice and treatment-seeking behavior of households towards cutaneous leishmaniasis in the rural communities of Tigrai region, northern Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional house-to-house survey was conducted in two selected rural villages of Ganta-afeshum district, Tigrai, northern Ethiopia in 2019. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select the participants. Household heads were interviewed using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Epi info version 7.0 was used for data entry and the data were imported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to test the association between the independent variables and the knowledge and practice status of the study participants. P-value < 0.05 was used to declare a statistically significant association among the variables.

Results
In our study, most of the participants (78%) stated that cutaneous leishmaniasis is a health problem in the area. Three hundred eighty (99.5%) participants responded that the most common clinical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis is a lesion on the face. All of the study participants did not know the mode of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission, and had never heard of the sand fly. A majority of the participants were unaware of the main prevention methods for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Lastly, traditional medicine was used in 90% of the study households with a previous history for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Conclusion
There is a lack of awareness regarding the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ganta-afeshum, Ethiopia, where the majority of individuals are unfamiliar with the sand fly vector. Prevention methods for cutaneous leishmaniasis were unavailable among the community. Therefore, health education programs concerning cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission, prevention, and treatment in the area should be rigorously implemented.
Post-COVID-19 rehabilitation: a special look at chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Ribeiro Heitor S. , Rodrigues Amanda E. , Cantuária Jennifer , Inda-Filho Antônio , Bennett Paul N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect the kidney and the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) constitutes a higher risk of negative prognosis. SARS-CoV-2 main sequelae in CKD patients are an incomplete recovery of kidney function, muscle weakness and atrophy, breathiness, tiredness, pulmonary fibrosis, and initiation of kidney replacement therapy. The overall aim of this review is to provide a theoretical basis for early improvements of physical function health to all CKD stages by rehabilitation therapies.

Conclusion
Chronic kidney disease patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be monitored by rehabilitation professionals as the cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal, and cognitive systems might be deteriorated. Long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 are unknown and preventive rehabilitation may attenuate them.
Beyond effectiveness of the Strengthening Families Program (10-14): a scoping RE-AIM-based review
Authors: Pinheiro-Carozzo Nádia P. , Murta Sheila G. , Vinha Luís Gustavo do A. , da Silva Isabela M. , Fontaine Anne Marie G. V. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA scoping review, based on the RE-AIM framework, was conducted to analyze evidence of reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of the Strengthening Families Program (10-14), a preventive family-based substance abuse program for adolescents. Sixty-five articles were included. The results disclosed that effectiveness, implementation, and maintenance at the individual-level were the most evaluated aspects, while reach, maintenance at the setting-level, and adoption were the least investigated aspects. Positive effects on drug abuse prevention and protective parenting factors were found in the U.S. studies. Likewise, Latin American studies have shown the improvement of parenting practices. However, European studies have produced mixed results, with predominantly null effects on substance abuse. The implementation quality was high. There is no available evidence of adoption and maintenance at the setting-level by the organizations that implemented it. New studies must examine the reach, adoption, and sustainability of the program to lay foundations for its future use as an instrument of public policies.
A clinical case of multiple primary cancers in a carrier of rare SDK2 and NOTCH2 gene mutations
Authors: Timoshkina Nataliya N. , Gvaldin Dmitry Y. , Omelchuk Ekaterina P. , Vashhenko Larisa N. , Ausheva Tatjana V. , Kechedzhieva Emma E. , Kit Oleg I. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Genetic predisposition is one of the risk factors for the development of multiple primary cancers (MPCs), the frequency of which increases and ranges from 2 to 17%. This study describes a combination of rare mutations, rs746551843 in the NOTCH2 gene and rs144933006 in the SDK2 gene, in a woman with breast cancer and leiomyosarcoma without a clearly burdened family history.

Case presentation
A 55-year-old Caucasian woman received complex treatment on the basis of the National Medical Research Centre for Oncology for left breast cancer and leiomyosarcoma of soft tissues of the left thigh. The patient was referred for consultation with a geneticist. Among direct relatives, a maternal aunt with a history of kidney cancer was not a carrier of the studied single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The healthy son of the patient inherited both mutations.

Conclusion
Thus, perhaps in the described case, there is a synergistic effect of two alleles of moderate and low penetrance, which led to the phenotype of multiple primary cancers.
The correlation between uremic pruritus and blood lead levels in prevalent hemodialysis patients and its relation to the severity of pruritus using visual analog score
Authors: Shawky Sahar Mahmoud , Hamid Reeham Abdel Aziz Abdel , Khedr Lina Essam 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Pruritus is a common and often distressing symptom in patients with chronic kidney disease. Though the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus remains poorly understood, systemic inflammation has presented itself as one of the possible explanations. High blood lead levels (BLLs) have been noted to be associated with inflammation and poor nutritional status in hemodialysis patients. Our aim is to study the relation between blood lead levels and uremic pruritus. This is a cross-sectional study that enrolled 50 patients; all were on regular hemodialysis 3 times per week for at least 6 months. Patients were divided into 2 groups, group 1 (n =10) with no pruritus and group 2 (n=40) with varying degrees of pruritus. Group 2 was further divided according to intensity of pruritus by visual analog score (VAS) into mild (n=10), moderate (n=20), and severe pruritus (n=10).

Results
There was a significant difference in serum lead levels and ferritin levels between groups 1 and 2 (p value < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in serum lead levels in the groups with varying intensity of pruritus, having higher serum lead levels in patients who exhibited severe pruritus (p value < 0.005) Moreover, a statistically significant relation between elevated blood lead levels and the duration of dialysis was observed in this study.

Conclusion
Uremic pruritus is a multi-factorial phenomenon, and our study showed that blood lead levels in hemodialysis patients might be associated with increased intensity of pruritus.
The Imprisoned Queen
Authors: Feng Anne N. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper reconsiders how and why the representation of landscape became an increasingly central component of Pure Land art in the Tang dynasty. Focusing on the seventh-century Cave 209, I examine the first set of mountain panels at Dunhuang, arguing that those polychrome landscapes represent Vulture Peak, the sacred abode of Śākyamuni Buddha. Cave 209 shows how Lady Vaidehī—the protagonist of the Meditation Sutra—emerges as the first female viewer of landscape in Chinese art. Departing from the Meditation Sutra, painters at Dunhuang resituate Lady Vaidehī, the formerly imprisoned royal consort and model Pure Land adept, within mountain ranges where she converses with the Buddha. I argue that Lady Vaidehī's encounter with the Buddha is mapped onto the space of a Dunhuang cave to enable the viewer to assume her position when facing the icon of Śākyamuni surrounded by Vulture Peak. By grappling with Vaidehī's imprisonment, painters use landscape to develop a new spatial imagery of salvation. I maintain that the striking innovations in landscape representation at Dunhuang—achievements that have been seen to anticipate later Tang “blue and green” landscapes—are in actuality based on an effort to visualize Buddhist soteriology in the early seventh century.
A Prospective, Phase I/II, Open-Label Pilot Trial to Assess the Safety of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy After Oncological Resection of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yurttas Can , Horvath Philipp , Fischer Imma , Meisner Christoph , Nadalin Silvio , Königsrainer Ingmar , Königsrainer Alfred , Beckert Stefan , Löffler Markus W. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a common fatal disease with unfavorable prognosis, even after oncological resection. To improve survival, adding hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been suggested. Whether HIPEC entails disproportional short-term mortality is unknown and a prospectively determined adverse events profile is lacking. Since both pancreatic resection and HIPEC may relevantly influence morbidity and mortality, this uncontrolled single-arm, open-label, phase I/II pilot trial was designed to assess the 30-day mortality rate, treatment feasibility, and adverse events connected with HIPEC after oncological pancreatic surgery.

Methods
This trial recruited patients scheduled for PDAC resection. A sample size of 16 patients receiving study interventions was estimated to establish a predefined margin of treatment-associated short-term mortality with a power of > 80%. Patients achieving complete macroscopic resection received HIPEC with gemcitabine administered at 1000 mg/m2 body surface area heated to 42 °C for 1 hour.

Results
Within 30 days after intervention, no patient died or experienced any adverse events higher than grade 3 that were related to HIPEC. Furthermore, treatment-related adverse events were prospectively documented and categorized as expected or unexpected. This trial supports that the actual mortality rate after PDAC resection and HIPEC is below 10%. HIPEC treatment proved feasible in 89% of patients allocated to intervention. Pancreatic fistulas, as key complications after pancreas surgery, occurred in 3/13 patients under risk.

Conclusion
Combined pancreas resection and gemcitabine HIPEC proved feasible and safe, with acceptable morbidity and mortality. Based on these results, further clinical evaluation can be justified.

Registration Number
NCT02863471 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Ureteroscopic Cryoablation for Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma of a Solitary Kidney: A Porcine Model and Our Pilot Clinical Experience
Authors: Zou Lujia , Liu Rongzong , Xu Chenyang , Yang Chen , Zhang Zheyu , Hu Jimeng , Jiang Haowen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the safety and efficacy of ureteroscopic cryoablation by a liquid-nitrogen system in a porcine model and for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) of a solitary kidney.

Methods
In the animal experiment, the right-sided ureter was frozen in nine pigs. Eight were randomly assigned to two different groups according to the freezing duration of 60 or 90 s. The other one was designed to receive a 10-min freeze. The treated ureters were harvested at 30 min, 2 days, 4 weeks, and 3 months after cryoablation for histological evaluation. After the animal study, we conducted a pilot clinical trial that enrolled six patients who were diagnosed with UTUC of a solitary kidney and received therapeutic management with ureteroscopic cryoablation at our center. Perioperative adverse events and oncological outcomes were evaluated.

Results
In the porcine model, the liquid-nitrogen system was capable of forming a therapeutic ice ball which infiltrated the full-thickness ureter and induced apoptosis and necrosis from mucosa to lamina muscularis through histological examination. In the clinical trial, cryoablation was successfully performed under ureteroscopy in all the patients, without intraoperative ureteral perforation, avulsion, or active hemorrhage. No recurrence in situ was observed during a median follow-up period of 12.5 months. Hydronephrosis and ureteral stricture was observed in one patient and was managed with ureteroscopic balloon dilation.

Conclusions
Ureteroscopic cryoablation induced by liquid nitrogen is a promising technique for conservative management of UTUC with benefits of improving local tumor control and preservation of a solitary kidney.