bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prone Positioning May Increase Lung Overdistension in COVID-19-Induced ARDS
Authors: Otáhal Michal , Mlček Mikuláš , Borges João Batista , Alcala Glasiele Cristina , Hladík Dominik , Kuriščák Eduard , Tejkl Leoš , Amato Marcelo , Kittnar Otomar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Real-time effects of changing body position and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on regional lung overdistension and collapse in individual patients remain largely unknown and not timely monitored. The aim of this study was to individualize PEEP in supine and prone body positions seeking to reduce lung collapse and overdistension in mechanically ventilated patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothesized that prone positioning with bedside titrated PEEP would provide attenuation of both overdistension and collapse.Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS under mechanical ventilation were included. We used electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with decremental PEEP titration algorithm (PEEPEIT-titration), which provides information on regional lung overdistension and collapse, along with global respiratory system compliance, to individualize PEEP and body position. PEEPEIT-titration in supine position straightaway followed by PEEPEIT-titration in prone position were performed. Immediately before each PEEPEIT-titration, the same lung recruitment maneuver was performed: 2 min of PEEP 24 cmH2O and driving pressure of 15 cmH2O.Results: Forty-two PEEPEIT-titration were performed in ten patients (21 pairs supine and prone positions). We have found larger % of overdistension along the PEEP titration in prone than supine position (P = 0.042). A larger % of collapse along the PEEP titration was found in supine than prone position (P = 0.037). A smaller respiratory system compliance was found in prone than supine position (P < 0.0005).Conclusions: In patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS, prone body position, when compared with supine body position, decreased lung collapse at low PEEP levels, but increased lung overdistension at PEEP levels greater than 10 cm H2O.Trial registration number: NCT04460859
On Small-Sample Inference in Multiphase Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial (MSW-CRT) With Binary Outcomes
Authors: Peng Jing , Shoben Abigail , Zhang Pengyue , Westgate Philip M. , Fernandez Soledad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe stepped wedge cluster randomized trial (SW-CRT) design is now preferred for many health- related trials because of its flexibility on resource allocation and clinical ethics concerns. However, as a necessary extension of studying multiple interventions, multiphase stepped wedge designs (MSW-CRT) have not been studied adequately. Since estimated intervention effect from Generalized estimating equations (GEE) has a population-average interpretation, valid inference methods for binary outcomes based on GEE are preferred by public health policy makers.MethodsWe form hypothesis testing of add-on effect of a second treatment based on GEE analysis in an MSW-CRT design with limited number of clusters. Four variance-correction estimators are used to adjust the bias of the sandwich estimator. Simulation studies have been used to compare the statistical power and type I error rate of these methods under different correlation matrices.Results We demonstrate that an average estimator with t(I-3) can stably maintain type I error close to the nominal level with limited sample sizes in our settings. We show that power of testing the add-on effect depends on the baseline event rate, effect sizes of two interventions and the number of clusters. Moreover, by changing the design with including more sequences, power benefit can be achieved. ConclusionsFor designing the MSW-CRT, we suggest using more sequences and checking event rate after initiating the first intervention via interim analysis. When the number of clusters is not very large in MSW-CRTs, inference can be conduct using GEE analysis with an average estimator with t(I-3) sampling distribution.
Molecular Analysis of The First Reported Hereditary Lymphedema-Distichiasis Case in Bangladesh
Authors: PARVEZ NAHID , RAHMAN MD. LUTFAR , RAHMAN MD. MOSTAFIZUR , ALI MOHAMMAD , UDDIN A.F.M HELAL , AYUB MUSTAK IBN 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLymphedema–distichiasis syndrome (LD, OMIM 153400) is a hereditary primary lymphedema with autosomal dominant nature of inheritance and variable expression. LD is characterized by late childhood or pubertal onset of lower limb lymphedema and an aberrant second row of eyelashes (distichiasis) arising from the meibomian glands. Underlying molecular causes include mutations in the FOXC2 gene, which codes for a forkhead transcription factor involved in the development of the lymphatic and vascular system. ResultsIn this study, we report the first case of LD from Bangladesh with classical lymphedema–distichiasis syndrome who carries an eight-base-pair deletion in the FOXC2 -gene. ClinVar accession code for this deletion is RCV000007679.3. Although most other mutations of this gene are unique among different families, literature survey indicates this 8 bp deletion has been reported multiples times in independent studies for families from different geographical regions. ConclusionFOXC2 protein is 501 amino acid long. This deletion of 8 bp (ACGCCGCC) causes frameshift of codons after amino acid number 304. The frameshift creates an altered truncated protein with 154 newly amino acids after codon 304. We assume that these changes in the protein may affect its function contributing to the disease manifestations. Further research may confirm these assumptions.
Thinking Process of Secondary Level Students in Constructing Proof by Mathematical Induction in Terms of Their Attitude toward Mathematics
Authors: Laili Nurul , Siswono Tatag Yuli Eko 
Published: October 2021

This research aims to describe secondary-level students' thinking processes in terms of their attitude toward mathematics in constructing proof by mathematical induction. This qualitative research involved two students who were selected from 30 students of second grade of senior high school that categorized into two groups, namely the students who have a positive and negative attitude toward mathematics by using Attitude Toward Mathematics Inventory (ATMI) questionnaire. One student from each category was selected to be given a proving test and interviewed. Students’ process of proving test and interview recording were collected and analyzed to identify their thinking process. This research points out that both students who have positive and negative attitudes towards mathematics can recall the information in their memory regarding the characteristics and steps to prove using mathematical induction. However, the student who has negative attitudes towards mathematics tends to experience some difficulties in processing information, especially in the induction step, caused by panic, depression, and insecurity. The student who has a positive attitude towards mathematics also experiences some difficulties in the proving process, namely understanding what to prove and compiling the induction steps. However, she keeps trying and believes that she would be able to solve it. Hence, she can solve the proof completely.
Combined Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Low Electric Field in
Growth Suppression of Some Free-living Pathogens
Authors: Shawki Mamdouh M. , Eltarahony Marwa M. , Moustafa Maisa E. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The re-emergence of infectious diseases and the increasing rate of the appearance
of many antibiotic-resistant strains are major public health concerns. Zinc oxide nanoparticles
(ZnO-NPs) have a great antibacterial effect. Few reports stated the antibacterial effect of low
electric field (LEF).

Objective:
The paper aimed to study the antibacterial effect of LEF at low frequency and investigate
the antibacterial effectiveness of using LEF in synergy with ZnO-NPs.

Methods:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were examined as models for Gramnegative
and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. The bacterial suspension was exposed to different
concentrations of Zn-NPs ranging from 100-1600 μg/ml or 2 V/cm, 500 Hz AC electric field for 5
min. ZnO-NPs were prepared and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, TEM, and
SEM. The combined effect of LEF exposure with each ZnO-NPs concentration was assessed.

Results:
1600 μg/ml ZnO-NPs cause 41.93% and 48.15% death, LEF produces 20.88% and 28.03%
death, and the synergetic effect causes 50.41% and 70.27% death for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus,
respectively. The death percentages were correlated with DNA concentration and deformation, reactive
oxygen species concentration, and ultrastructure changes.

Conclusions:
LEF has antibacterial properties and can be used in combination with ZnO-NPs to
increase its lethal effect.
Design, Synthesis, and Apoptosis-Promoting Effect Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives
Containing Aminoguanidine Units
Authors: Liu Dachuan , Wang Ying , Li Longzhu , Ma Tao , Cheng Xiu 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Chalcones are precursors of flavonoids or isoflavonoids, and they are abundant in edible
plants. Chalcones constitute an important group of natural and synthetic products with a wide range of pharmacological
activities.

Objective:
To determine the seeds of the anti-tumor agents, we focused on the potential bioactive materials obtained
from chalcone derivatives.

Method:
Two series of chalcone derivatives containing aminoguanidine or bis-chalone were designed, synthesized,
and screened for their cytotoxicity, proliferation inhibition, and apoptosis-promoting activity in vitro against a panel of
human tumor cell lines.

Result:
Among the various compounds studied in this work, 2-((E)-4-((E)-3-oxo-3-(p-tolyl)prop-1-en-1-
yl)benzylidene)hydrazine-1-carboximidamide (5f) was the most potent, with IC50 values of 7.17 μM and 3.05 μM antiproliferative
activity in vitro against human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells and SMMC-7721 cells, respectively. This
result showed that the compound possessed a certain degree of selectivity for human hepatocarcinoma cells, especially
for SMMC-7721. Then, Annexin V/PI flow cytometry assay was used to investigate different concentrations of compound
5f to demonstrate the ability of compound 5f in inducing apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells in a concentrationdependent
manner. Finally, these results were further verified by Western blot analysis.

Conclusion:
Based on the collective results, compound 5f may be a promising anti-cancer compound, and may play a
significant role in subsequent research.
Classification and Location of Transformer Winding Deformations using Genetic Algorithm and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Cheng Junjie , Abu-Siada A. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Winding deformation is one of the most common faults an operating power
transformer experiences over its operational life. Thus, it is essential to detect and rectify such faults
at early stages to avoid potential catastrophic consequences to the transformer. At present, methods
published in the literature for transformer winding fault diagnosis are mainly focused on identifying
fault type and quantifying its extent without giving much attention to the identification of fault location.

Methods:
This paper presents a method based on a genetic algorithm and support vector machine
(GA-SVM) to improve the faults’ classification of power transformers in terms of type and location.
In this regard, a sinusoidal sweep signal in the frequency range of 600 kHz to 1MHz is applied to
one terminal of the transformer winding.

:
A mathematical index of the induced current at the head and end of the transformer winding under
various fault conditions is used to extract unique features that are fed to a Support Vector Machine
(SVM) model for training. Parameters of the SVM model are optimized using a Genetic Algorithm (GA).

Results :
The effectiveness of mathematical indicators to extract fault type characteristics and the
proposed fault classification model for fault diagnosis is demonstrated through extensive simulation
analysis for various transformer winding faults at different locations.

Conclusion :
The proposed model can effectively identify different fault types and determine their
location within the transformer winding, and the diagnostic rates of the fault type and fault location
are 100% and 90%, respectively.
Pengaruh Kehilangan Cairan (Dehidrasi) sampai dengan 4% Terhadap Kinerja An-Aerobik
Authors: Samodra Y. Touvan Juni 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi semakin banyaknya orang yang mengalami kelebihan berat badan. Orang akan berusaha untuk menurunkan berat badan secara instan. Kondisi ini berbahaya jika ditinjau dari tingkat dehidrasi jika terjadi kelebihan. Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur pre test treatment dan post test. Sampel 25 mahasiswa kepelatihan olahraga semester 5. Dehidrasi 4% dari 70% berat badan. Pengukuran dilakukan terhadap kemampuan anaerobik sebelum dan setelah dehidrasi 4%. Treatment dehidrasi dengan menggunakan jas hujan. Data dianalis dengan menggunakan uji T. signigikansi analisis data menunjukkan T hitung 0.000 yang menunjukkan bahwa dehidrasi 4% dari 70% berat badan sangat mempengaruhi kinerja. implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah disarankan untuk tidak berlatih atau menurunkan berat badan sampai level 4% karena akan sangat menurunkan kinerja.yang kedua supaya asupan cairan selalu dijaga untuk mempertahankan hidrasi.
MODEL LATIHAN TRX (TOTAL BODY RESISTANCE EXERCISE) TERHADAP KEBUGARAN JASMANI
Authors: Suardika I Kadek 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada permasalahan aktivitas fisik remaja kini semakin dipermudah dengan IPTEK yang serba modern sehingga tidak heran jika ketidakaktifan fisik dapat menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang utama. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas variasi model latihan TRX untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani pada siswa SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja yang berjumlah 30 orang. Hasil penelitian pelatihan TRX ternyata nilai beda rata-rata antara pretest dan posttest adalah sebesar 8,80. Sedangkan persentase peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 29,33%. Hasil tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa pelatihan pelatihan TRX ternyata dapat meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani sebesar 29,33%. pelatihan TRX mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap hasil kebugaran jasmani dari kelompok kontrol pada siswa SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemberian pelatihan TRX berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kebugaran jasmani siswa SMA Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR PASSING BOLA BASKET
Authors: Anggraini Dian , Parwata I Gusti Lanang Agung , Dartini Ni Putu Dwi Sucita 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar passing bola basket pada peserta didik kelas XI IPS 5 SMA Negeri 1 Asembagus tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas, yaitu guru sebagai peneliti. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Terdiri dari rencana tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas XI IPS 5 SMA Negeri 1 Asembagus tahun pelajaran 2019/2020, yang berjumlah 36 peserta didik dengan rincian 15 peserta didik putri dan 21 peserta didik putra. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil analisis data rata-rata aktivitas belajar secara klasikal teknik dasar passing bola basket pada siklus I sebesar 7,1 (aktif), dan meningkat menjadi 8,4 (aktif) pada siklus II. Sedangkan presentase ketuntasan hasil belajar secara klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 86,1% (baik), dan meningkat menjadi 100% (sangat baik) pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas dan hasil belajar passing bola basket (chest pass dan bounce pass) meningkat melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS pada peserta didik kelas kelas XI IPS 5 SMA Negeri 1 Asembagus tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
Pengaruh Metode Latihan Drill dan Alley Rally Terhadap Akurasi Groundstrokes Top Spin Tenis Lapangan
Authors: Gunarto Peby , Adnyana I Komang Sukarata 
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian tentang: (1) pengaruh latihan drill terhadap accuracy groundstroke forehand dan backhand (2) pengaruh latihan alley rally terhadap terhadap accuracy groundstroke forehand dan accuracy groundstroke backhand, dan (3) perbedaan besar pengaruh latihan drill dan alley rally terhadap accuracy groundstroke forehand dan accuracy groundstroke backhand. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode ekperimen semu. Populasi penelitian ini adalah atlet putera Club tenis GSTC Singaraja Bali dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 54 atlet dan Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive random sampling. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut : (1) pemberian latihan drill berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan accuracy groundstroke forehand sebesar 86.51%, dan peningkatan accuracy groundstroke backhand sebesar 77,74%. (2) Pemberian latihan alley rally berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan accuracy groundstroke forehand sebesar 53,84%, dan peningkatan accuracy groundstroke backhand sebesar 35,13%. (3) Terdapat perbedaan pengaruh antara latihan drill dan alley rally terhadap accuracy groundstroke forehand dan backhand. Berdasarkan analisis data tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan drill merupakan metode yang lebih baik digunakan untuk meningkatkan accuracy groundstrokes dan kedua metode tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan accuracy groundstroke forehand dan backhand.
Persepsi Siswa Kelas VIII Terhadap Pembelajaran Aktivitas akuatik
Authors: Pemdiansyah Yusuf , Gani Ruslan Abdul , Nasution Nana Suryana 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa kelas VIII terhadap pembelajaran aktivitas akuatik di SMP Islam Al-falah Bantargebang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi yang digunakan adalah siswa kelas VIII. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 90 siswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu Total Sampling. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode survei. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persepsi siswa kelas VIII terhadap pembelajaran aktivitas akuatik di SMP Islam Al-falah Bantargebang pada kategori sangat baik dengan persentase 17% atau 15 siswa, kategori baik dengan persentase 21% atau 19 siswa, kategori cukup baik 50% atau 45 siswa, kategori kurang baik dengan persentase 12% atau 11 siswa. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi siswa kelas VIII terhadap pembelajaran aktivitas akuatik di SMP Islam Al-falah Bantargebang berada pada kategori cukup baik dilihat berdasarkan pada tabel kategori variable.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PERAK MALAY ‘KAMPUNG’ ELEMENTS TO THE MALAYSIAN GARDEN CONCEPT (MGC): IMPACT ON NATIONAL IDENTITY
Authors: Zakaria Ahmad Zamil , Hussein Hazreena , Md Dali Melasutra 
Published: October 2021

'Kampung' is a place that is very closely related to the Malay community in Malaysia. It is a place the Malays adapt to their real life. The elements of landscape and garden that intend to be highlighted are found to be unatrractive to designers. The image and identity of features are no longer a priority for the homeowners to inherit. The objective of this study is to identify the garden elements that abide by the Malaysian Garden Concept's (MGC) basic guidelines in the environment of traditional Perak 'kampung' houses. . This study emphasizes qualitative methods that lead to site observations and interviews. The study was conducted on 71 traditional houses in Perak. The findings indicate that most of the 'kampung' landscape elements do not significantly impact supporting guidelines by the National Landscape Department (NLD).
ASSESSMENTS OF STORYTELLING INTERPRETIVE PANEL AT HERITAGE SITE: A CASE STUDY OF VISITORS’ EXPERIENCE AT DATARAN MEDAN BANDAR, ALOR SETAR, KEDAH DARUL AMAN
Authors: Wan Shamsuddin Wan Iskandar Zulkarnain , Harun Siti Norlizaiha 
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to find out the existing ‘realities’ on storytelling at heritage sites. The gap is visitor’s expectation between storytelling presentation versus perception of heritage visitors. There were instances in the country whereby misrepresentation and/or inappropriate descriptive information in storytelling has resulted in visitors experiencing disappointment, disorientation, and ignorance of heritage significance. The researchers decided to investigate further on this and had selected a site for case study that was the Dataran Medan Bandar, Alor Setar, Kedah Darul Aman. A sequential mixed methodology was employed. The study began with literature review, site inventory and observation activities in order to obtain qualitative information. This was followed by visitors’ survey and a semi-structured interview with stakeholders to obtain their views on historical and cultural values to validate the quantitative data findings. The explanatory factor analysis was used to analyse the data and the results showed that over 40% of total respondents perceived ‘storytelling’ as extremely important attributes of heritage interpretation during the visit. In terms of the post-experience, the results showed that 18% of the respondents proclaimed of having ‘dissatisfied experience’ after reading the description on interpretive signage, with ‘uninteresting storytelling’ being the main reason. Almost half of total respondents (49%) believe that improvement of ‘Storytelling Content Creation’ was needed at the Dataran Medan Bandar. It is hoped that the findings obtained are expected to inspire conservation stakeholders to start making ‘heritage interpretation’ as a top priority when designing interpretative signs at heritage sites.
PENGUJIAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PURCHASE INTENTION SECONDATE
Authors: Canny Canny , Tunjungsari Hetty Karunia 
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi purchase intention produk kosmetik Korea merek Secondate. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi firm generated content, brand awarenesss, eWOM, brand loyalty, serta purchase intention. Terdapat 200 responden produk Secondate di Jabodetabek yang berpartisipasi dalam survei yang dilakukan secara online. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa brand loyalty dan brand awareness dapat memediasi pengaruh firm generated content pada purchase intention, namun eWOM tidak terbukti memiliki peran mediasi dalam pengaruh firm generated content pada purchase intention. Secara teoretis hasil penelitian ini memiliki implikasi dalam pengembangan literatur bidang pemasaran pada era digital. Adapun implikasi praktis hasil penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan bagi pemasar dalam menyusun strategi pemasaran digital, khususnya dalam pemasaran di media sosial dengan memanfaatkan firm generated content. The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting purchase intention of Korean cosmetic products under the Secondate brand. Research variables consist of firm generated content, brand awareness, eWOM, brand loyalty, and purchase intention. There are 200 Secondate respondents in Greater Jakarta who participated in the online survey. The results of this study indicate that brand loyalty and brand awareness have mediating effect in the relationship between firm generated content and purchase intention, however, eWOM had no mediating effect in the relationship between firm generated content and purchase intention. Theoretically, the results of this study have implications in the development of marketing literature in the digital era. The practical implications of the study can be used for marketers in developing digital marketing strategies, especially on social media marketing by utilizing firm generated content.