bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cup Positioning in True or False Acetabulum in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Which one is More Effective: A Randomized Clinical Trial on Patients with Crowe type 3 and 4 Dysplastic Hip
Authors: Motififard Mehdi , Hatami Saeed , Rafiee Moslem , Toghyani Arash , Andalib Ali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and objectives: Hip dysplasia is a common hip disease which could be diagnosed in different ages and Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common surgical procedure for dysplastic hip in adults. Cup placement in patients with false acetabulum formation could be performed in true or false acetabulum. The current study aimed at evaluating and comparing the effectiveness of these two procedures in patients with Crowe type 3 or 4 dysplastic hip underwent THA. Methods: In this randomized open label parallel group clinical trial 67 patients/71 hips with crowe type 3 or 4 dysplastic hip undergoing THA were assigned to Group 1: patients with cup placement in true acetabulum or group 2: patients with cup placement in false acetabulum. Severity of pain was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motion (ROM), limb discrepancy, gait ability, need for repeated joint replacement and also Harris hip score. Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 20.Results: 67 patients/71hips entered the current study with the mean age of 50.51± 9.94 years. Two study groups were comparable in terms of basic characteristics (P> 0.05). No significant differences were observed between two groups regarding mean values of VAS, ROM, limb discrepancy and Harris hip score (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Cup placements in true or false acetabulum showed comparable effectiveness on all studied main orthopedics outcomes which are clinically important. We recommend more clinical trial studies with larger sample size for confirming our study results.
Dual Staining Effect of Extracts Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) and Red Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea) on Wistar Rat Tissues
Authors: KUŞÇULU NİLGÜN 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Apart from the areas where natural dyes are used a lot, if staining studies on tissues increase, their use in pathology laboratory will become widespread. Two basic elements in cell tissues, the nucleus, and cytoplasm, should be stained and evaluated together for histopathological diagnosis. The most commonly used dye combinations for this diagnosis are Hematoxylin-Eosin dyes, also known as nuclei and cytoplasm dyes. Histological staining studies of natural origin did not reveal staining studies on the same tissue with the extracts of two plants. Methods and Results: In this study, roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and red cabbage (Brassica oleracea) leaves were used as a source of natural dye and also liver and kidney tissues of Wistar albino rat as dye biomaterials. The nuclei and cytoplasm regions of rat kidney and liver tissues were stained in different colors with these plants and the use of metal salts. Relying upon hematoxylin-eosin should it ever be scarce will result in the scarcity of plant-based dyes on the market.Conclusion: Since a more colorful, different nucleus and cytoplasm staining was obtained compared to previous work with the same tissues. It is expected that the introduction of new natural dye alternatives where histological dye production is not widespread will contribute to the world’s economy and industry.
High Altitude Platform Free Space Optics System Using Various Filtering Operations For Fifth Generation System
Authors: Fadhil Hilal Adnan , RAAD SARA , ahmed hassan , Z. median , Al-Imitiz Waqas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper presents high altitude platform free space optics (HAP-FSO) channels using various filtering operations for fifth generation (5G) system. Performance analysis is done utilizing different types of optical filters such as Bessel, Trapezoidal, Gaussian and Rectangular. A comparison is carried out between our proposed scheme and reported counterpart. HAP-FSO performances have been investigated by referring to different factors such as transmission distance, transmitting aperture diameter, beam divergence, transmitter aperture diameter, and receiver diameter. Simulation analysis is carried out in highly recognized software tool called Optisystem to validate the implementation and performance of the proposed system. It is found that the most extreme quality services can be accomplished via utilizing Gaussian optical channel in comparison with distinctive optical channels. Simulation results also confirm the proposed system for error free transmission at bit error rate (BER) of 10-9 for all types of filters at 10Gbps with in favor to Gaussian filter for the same number of users.
Appendectomy During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. A Multicenter Ambispective Cohort Study by the Italian Society of Endoscopic Surgery and new technologies (the CRAC study).
Authors: Sartori Alberto , Podda Mauro , Botteri Emanuele , Passera Roberto , Arezzo Alberto , Agresta Ferdinando 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background To determine on a national basis the surgical activity regarding appendectomies during the first Italian wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Major surgical societies advised using non-operative management of appendicitis and suggested against laparoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Multicenter, observational study investigating the outcomes of patients undergoing appendectomy in the two months of March-April 2019 vs. March-April 2020. The primary outcome was the number of appendectomies performed during each of the two months, classified according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) score. Secondary outcomes were the type of surgical technique employed (laparoscopic vs. open), and the complication rates. Results 1541 patients with acute appendicitis underwent surgery during the two study periods. 1337 (86.8%) patients met the study inclusion criteria. 546 (40.8%) patients underwent surgery for acute appendicitis in 2020 and 791 (59.8%) in 2019. Patients with complicated appendicitis operated in 2019 were 76 (9.6%) vs. 87 (15.9%) in 2020 (p = 0.001). An increase in the number of post-operative complications was found in 2020 (15.9%) compared to 2019 (9.6%) (p < 0.001). The following determinants increased the likelihood of complication occurrence: undergoing surgery during 2020 (+ 67%), having a unit AAST (+ 26%) increase, having waited for surgery > 24 h (+ 58%), being the surgeon aged > 40 years (+ 47%), undergoing open surgery (+ 112%) and being converted to open surgery (+ 166%). Conclusions In Italian hospitals, in March and April 2020, the number of appendectomies has drastically dropped. Patients undergoing surgery during the first pandemic wave were more frequently affected by more severe appendicitis than the previous year's timeframe and a higher complication rate was reported. Trial registration: ResearchRegistry ID 5789.
Nurses' Trust in Managers and its Relationship with Nurses' Performance Behaviors: A Descriptive- Correlational Study
Authors: moghaddam maryam hadi- , karimollahi mansoureh , aghamohammadi masoumeh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Organizational trust is one of the most important issues in human relations that its importance in organizations is well known. In fact, effective communication and cooperation between individuals requires trust. On the other hand, the quality of a nurse's trust in his/ her manager affects the behavior and performance of the nurse. The purpose of this study was to determine nurses' trust in managers (head-nurses and supervisors) and its relationship with nurses' performance behavior.Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was performed with the participation of 431 nurses working in educational centers of Ardabil, Iran. The sampling method was stratified random. Questionnaires of the McAllister Trust and Paterson Job Performance were used. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency) and Chi-square test in SPSS v.22.Results: The results showed that the majority of nurses trusted head-nurses (80.3%) and supervisors (61.9%). In addition, most nurses' functional behavior (92.1%) was reported as excellent. There was no significant relationship between nurse trust in head-nurse and nurses' functional behavior (P=0.58), while it was significant between nurse-supervisor trust and nurses' functional behavior (P=0.03).Conclusion: The results of this study showed a relationship between nurse-supervisor trust and nurses' functional behavior. Therefore, it is recommended ways to improve the trust between the treatment team, especially among nurses and supervisors are considered as one of the factors influencing the nurses' behavioral performance.
An adaptive and abductive approach to develop community capability for environmental conservation in Lake Biwa (Japan)
Authors: Kondo Yasuhisa , Fujisawa Eiichi , Ishikawa Kanako , Nakahara Satoe , Matsushita Kyohei , Asano Satoshi , Kamatani Kaoru , Suetsugu Satoko , Kano Kei , Kumazawa Terukazu , Sato Kenichi , Okuda Noboru 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the south basin of Lake Biwa, Shiga, Japan, overgrown aquatic weeds (submerged macrophytes) impede cruising boats, and cause unpleasant odors and undesirable waste when washed ashore. To address this socio-ecological problem, Shiga Prefectural Government implemented a public program to remove overgrown weeds and compost them ashore to conserve the lake environment, while coastal inhabitants and occasional volunteers remove weeds from the beaches to maintain the quality of the living environment. However, these effects are limited because of the disjointed social networks. We evaluate an adaptive and abductive approach to develop community capability to jointly address this problem by sharing the academic knowledge with local actors and empowering them to adopt initiatives. The initial multifaceted academic reviews, including interviews and postal questionnaire surveys revealed that the agro-economic value of composted weeds declined in historical and socio-psychological contexts and that most of the unengaged public relied on local governments to address environmental problems. These findings were synthesized and assessed with workshop participants, including local inhabitants, governmental agents, businesspeople, social entrepreneurs, and research experts, to unearth the best solution. The workshops resulted in the development of an e-point system, called Biwa Point , to promote and acknowledge voluntary environmental conservation activities, including beach cleaning. It may contribute to enhancing the socio-ecological capability of communities. Additionally, ethical issues, such as publication of inconvenient truths or undesired interpretation by the researchers as well as social constraints in research methods, arose through our research practice.
Fluoride levels in deep aquifers of Makurdi, North-central, Nigeria: An Appraisal based on multivariate statistics and human health risk analysis
Authors: Iwar Raphael Terungwa , Ogedengbe Kola' , Katibi Kamil Kayode , Jabbo Josiah Nuhu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the ionic and fluoride concentrations in borehole water and its associated health risk potentials to residents of Makurdi town and its environs, Benue state, Nigeria. An aggregate of sixty-three (63) groundwater samples were retrieved from boreholes in twenty-one (21) diverse points within the study area and assessed for its physico-chemical composition with emphasis on fluoride content and health risk potentials following standard field and laboratory procedures. It was observed that fluoride content in the sampled water exceeded the stipulated safe limit of 1.5 mg/L in about 33.33% of the total samples and ranged from 0.34–2.06 mg/L with an average of 1.26 ± 0.41 mg/L. Moderate affirmative relationships were observed to exist between F− and TDS; F− and EC; F− and Cl−; F− and NO3− in the water samples indicative of a common source pollution. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that high fluoride content in the water samples was associated with the dissolutions from quartzite and shale into the underlying deep aquifers. Fluoride risk assessment indicated that the hazard quotient (HQ) for ingestion of fluoride laden water exceeded the threshold value in 66.7, 71.4, 52.4 and 9.5% of the samples for infants, children, teenagers, and adults respectively. It is concluded that groundwater in Makurdi is contaminated with excessive fluoride levels in most locations; hence, the findings of this study would serve as a basis for policy makers and regulatory bodies towards ameliorating the menace of groundwater contamination within the study area.
Aqueous extract from Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Lauraceae) stem-bark ameliorates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory markers
Authors: Albert ATSAMO , SONGMENE LONTSIE Auscar , DONFACK Mireille Flaure METCHI , KENFACK Omer Bébé NGOUATEU , NGUELEFACK Télesphore Benoît , DIMO Théophile 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nephropathies and especially nephrotoxicity has become one of serious cause of life threatening condition, because of intensive exposure to xenobiotic either by environmental pollution or drug abuse. The present study was undertaken to assess the protective effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum stem-bark aqueous extract (AECZ) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. AECZ was prepared by maceration in water and tested orally at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day to prevent gentamicin induced nephropathies in male Wistar rats. Gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day) was administered for 14 consecutive days by intraperitoneal route, concomitantly with AECZ or silymarin (50 mg/kg/day) used as reference drug. Animal body weight was monitored during the treatment. After the last treatment of the 14 th day, a 24h urine was collected and animals were sacrificed. Blood was collected for the evaluation of hematological and renal function biomarkers. The homogenate of one kidney was used to assess oxidative stress markers and pro-inflammatory cytokine, while the other one was fixed in formaldehyde for histopathological studies. Gentamicin decreased body weight, serum total proteins and calcemia, but increased kidneys relative weight, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid. Moreover, the levels of reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were decreased, while an increase in malondialdehyde, proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) and nitrites were observed in negative control group as compared to normal control. Histological analysis of the kidney revealed the presence of tubular necrosis, glomerular degeneration and macrophage infiltration in gentamicin treated group. All these impairment parameters were prevented by AECZ and silymarin treatments.AECZ has a protective effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of this extract may highly contribute to its nephroprotective activity.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Persistent Symptoms After Non-Severe COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Armange Lucas , Bénézit François , Picard Léa , Pronier Charlotte , Guillot Stéphanie , Lentz Pierre-Axel , Carré François , Tattevin Pierre , Revest Matthieu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We performed a prospective cohort study of 311 outpatients with non-severe COVID-19 (187 women, median age 39 years). Of the 214 (68.8%) who completed the 6-week follow-up questionnaire, 115 (53.7%) had recovered. Others mostly reported dyspnea (n=86, 40.2%), weight loss (n=83, 38.8%), sleep disorders (n=68, 31.8%), and anxiety (n=56, 26.2%). Of those who developed ageusia and anosmia, these symptoms were still present at week 6 in, respectively, 11/111 (9.9%), and 19/114 (16.7%). Chest CT scan and lung function tests found no explanation in the most disabled patients (n=23). This study confirms the high prevalence of persistent symptoms after non-severe COVID-19.
Investigation of Electrical and Photovoltaic Properties of Au/n-Si Schottky diode with BOD-Z-EN Interlayer
Authors: Tezcan Ali Osman , Eymur Serkan , Taşcı Enis , Emrullahoğlu Mustafa , Tuğluoğlu Nihat 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
4,4-Difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) based BOD-Z-EN compound was used as an interfacial organic layer to fabrication of Au/BOD-Z-EN/n-Si/In diode. The electrical parameters of Au/BOD-Z-EN/n-Si/In diode such as ideality factor (n), barrier height (ΦB) and series resistance (Rs) have been investigated through current-voltage (I-V) studies at dark and under various illumination intensities to understand the effect of interlayer on the device properties. The values found for the n varied from 2.33 to 1.55 and the ΦB ranged from 0.86 eV to 0.90 eV as the illumination condition changed from dark to 100 mW/cm2. Series resistance (Rs) values calculated using Cheung’s method were found to decrease with increasing illumination level. ໿The forward bias I-V characteristics of the diode were explained by the space charge limited current (SCLC) theory. The main photovoltaic parameters such as open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Jsc) and fill factor (FF) were determined for various light intensity. The Au/BOD-Z-EN/n-Si/In diode exhibits a photovoltaic behavior with a Voc of 0.15 V and Jsc of 0.01 mA/cm2 under 100 mw/cm2. Also, photosensitivity and photoresponsivity properties of the diode were determined. These all results indicate that Au/BOD-Z-EN/n-Si/In device can be used as photosensor in optoelectronic applications.
WITHDRAWN: HSPA2 Expression Predicts Early Postsurgical Relapse and Promotes Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhai Lu-Lu , Qiao Pei-Pei , Sun Yue-Shen , Tang Zhi-Gang , Ju Tong-Fa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) is known to relate to the pathogenesis and progress of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the connection between HSPA2 and early postsurgical relapse, and the influences of HSPA2 on cell biological behaviors in pancreatic cancer (PC).Methods: Expression of HSPA2 in cancerous and noncancerous samples was determined by bioinformatics and immunostaining methods. The significance of HSPA2 expression in predicting early postsurgical recurrence was assessed. The biological role and potential mechanisms of HSPA2 in PC progression were uncovered by enrichment analysis. HSPA2 expression in human PC cells was detected by immunoblotting. Silencing of HSPA2 in BxPC-3 cells and upregulation of HSPA2 in PANC-1 cells were achieved with siRNA and overexpression plasmid, respectively, and then the impacts of HSPA2 downregulation and upregulation on cancer cell biological behaviors were estimated.Results: HSPA2 expression in tumor specimens was markedly elevated compared with nontumor specimens. HSPA2 overexpression could independently predict early postsurgical recurrence, and combined with malignant clinicopathological characteristics had greater predictive power and potential application value. Enrichment analysis revealed that HSPA2 expression was closely associated with PC progression. HSPA2 was expressed in BxPC-3, PANC-1 and SW1990 cells, with the highest and lowest levels in BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells, respectively. Cell migration and invasion abilities were remarkably restrained in HSPA2-silenced BxPC-3 cells and significantly enhanced in HSPA2-overexpressed PANC-1 cells.Conclusion: HSPA2 expression predicts early postoperative recurrence and promotes cell migration and invasion, and is expected to become a useful molecular target of antitumor treatment in PC.
Preliminary Study on the Performance of a Redox Capacitor with the use of Ionic Liquid-based Gel Polymer Electrolyte and Polypyrrole Electrodes
Authors: PRASADINI KAPURALAGE WATHSALA , Perera Kumudu Sandhya , Vidanapathirana Kamal Pushpakumara 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Redox capacitor, which is one type of supercapacitor, has been attracted tremendously as they show a satisfactory specific capacitance, good cycle ability, and good stability. The present study reveals a redox capacitor fabricated with an ionic liquid (IL) based gel polymer electrolyte (GPE). Electrodes of the redox capacitor were fabricated with the conducting polymer, polypyrrole (PPy). The composition of the GPE was polyvinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVdF-co-HFP) : 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (1E3MITF) : ZnTF. Characterization of redox capacitor was done by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) tests. The relaxation time constant (τ0) of the redox capacitor is about 31.57 s implying somewhat fast redox reactions. Initial single electrode specific capacitance (CSC) was 150.16 Fg-1 and at the 500th cycle, it was 40.03 Fg-1. The decrease of the CSC may be due to the formation of the passivation layer at the GPE / electrode interface resulting in degradation upon cycling. The GCD test resulted 48.40 Fg-1 of initial single electrode specific discharge capacitance (Csd) value. Upon 1000 cycles, it was reached 22.25 Fg-1. The decrease of Csd may be due to the degradation of the electrode and the IL-based GPE upon prolonged cycling.
Spousal and Living Related Kidney Transplantation: Our Center Experience
Authors: OZBAN Murat , OZGEN Utku , BIRSEN Onur , DURSUN Belda , CERI Mevlut , EKER MESUT , AYDIN Cagatay 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Kidney transplantation is the most preferred type of renal displacement therapy for ESRD patients. More patients developed end stage renal disease (ESRD). The most important source is the donations from unrelated spouses. In this study, we aimed to compare the transplantation data obtained from the spouses of the patients with the transplantation data obtained from other relatives.Material and Methods: The data including 167 living kidney transplantations performed between January 2006 and December 2019 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into two groups; spousal donor group (n: 53) and living-related donor group (n: 114).Results: There was no significant difference in delayed graft function in both groups. There were no patients with acute rejection proven by biopsy or considered biochemically in the spousal donor group. With regard to 3-year results in the living-related donor group the patient survival rate was 100%, while it was 98.2% in terms of graft survival.Conclusion: In conclusion, similar patient and graft survival rates between spousal donor kidney transplantation and living-related kidney transplantation has made spousal donor kidney transplantation, with possible problems in terms of tissue compatibility, an acceptable alternative to donor supply.
Flexible Chemiresistive Nitrogen Oxides Sensors Based on a Nanocomposite of Polypyrrole- Reduced Graphene Oxide Grafted Carboxybenzene Diazonium Salts.
Authors: GUETTICHE Djamil , MEKKI Ahmed , Lilia BENMOULOUD , Fatma-zohra Tighilt , BOUDJELLAL Amar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nanocomposites of polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide (PPy/rGO) and polypyrrole/ functionalized reduced graphene oxide with aryl 4-carboxybenzene diazonium salt (PPy/rGO-aryl-COOH) were prepared through covalent bonding by simple one-step chemical oxidative synthesis. The as-prepared nanocomposites were deposited on BOPET substrate by spin coating to test their chemiresistive sensitivity properties on a homemade modular for online detection of (NO2) vapors at ambient temperature. Results showed that PPy/rGO-aryl-COOH forms a homogeneous nanocomposite within the size of 80 nanometers and improvement of the crystalline ordering. The more enhanced NO2 sensing properties have been shown by PPy/rGO- aryl-COOH in terms of higher sensitivity (1.01%/ppm), the faster response time (129 s), and the detection limit of (2ppm). Reproducibility features were also investigated.Moreover, humidity rates and temperature effects were also tested. Finally, impedance spectroscopy is conducted in the fresh air and in the presence of gas. These results highlight the paramount role of functionalization of reduced graphene oxide (rGO-aryl-COOH).