bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green-synthesis of Ag2O nanoparticles for antimicrobial assays**
Authors: Fayyadh Ali Abdullah , Jaduaa Alzubaidy Muneer H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) in the aqueous colloidal state were synthesized using the green method. Aqueous silver nitrate was prepared and mixed jointly with an aqueous extract of Lawsonia inermis (henna) leaf and heated with stirring at 75 °C for 1h. Then, an aqueous colloidal solution of Ag2O NPs with a dark brown colour is forming. The physicochemical characterization of Ag2O NPs was studied using different techniques. A polycrystalline structure of (Ag2O/Ag) in face-centred cubic and cubic phases was revealing via grazing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) patterns. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) spectra confirmed GIXRD results through peaks corresponding to the silver and oxygen elements making up the accurate composition of the silver oxide. UV-Vis absorbance peak of the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) appeared at the visible region and exhibited a blueshift at ∼425 nm with an energy bandgap ∼2.8 eV. The surface morphology and the size of the silver nanoparticles were analyzed using high resolution (FE-SEM) microscopy. FTIR spectra of Ag2O NPs has showed a shift in the bands compared to those produced by aqueous extract of the henna leaf (only). (0.4 molars) Ag2O NPs has showed excellent antimicrobial activity assays against all the pathogens microbe's strains. Henna plant extract (only) has showed poor activity compared to Ag2O NPs. In comparison, the inhibition zone diameter of the gram-negative Bacteria is more considerable than the gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, Ag2O NPs activity against Bacteria is more prominent than fungi.
Effects of remifentanil and propofol on distant organ lung injury in an ischemia–reperfusion model
Authors: Kanbak Orhan , Aydoğan Burcu , Gümüş Tülin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Our aim was to evaluate lung injury due to oxidative stress and antioxidant activity levels in an infrarenal ischemia–reperfusion model and to compare prevention effects of single and combined use of propofol and remifentanil. In this study, a total of 40 adult Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into five groups of eight rats as SHAM, physiological saline, intraperitoneal propofol, remifentanil, and propofol and remifentanil groups. Blood and tissue samples were obtained after 80 min of reperfusion. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level, a measure of lipid peroxidation, was measured in lung tissue samples and red blood cells; additionally, total oxidant status and total antioxidant capacity of lung tissues were measured and histopathological examination was performed. Distant organ (lung) injury developed due to lower extremity ischemia–reperfusion was created by infrarenal aortic clamping. The lipid peroxidation product MDA and total oxidant levels were increased, but there was insufficient antioxidant protection both in the lung tissues and red blood cells. While propofol prevented this injury consistent with its proposed antioxidant properties; no protective effect of remifentanil was observed. On the contrary, it showed oxidative stress increasing effect. This study concluded that the antioxidant effect of propofol was suppressed by remifentanil in the case of combined use.
Experimental study on enhancement characteristics of steam/nitrogen condensation inside horizontal multi-start helical channels
Authors: Wen Jianjun , Dou Zhi , Zhong Jiaqi , Niu Yonghong , Hu Zhenwei , Zheng Dan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal the internal mechanism of enhanced condensation heat transfer, by experimentally performing steam condensation with higher inlet velocity in the horizontal multi-start helical channels (HMSHCs), and investigating the influences of pressure of steam, mass flowrate of cooling water, and mass fraction of noncondensable (NC) gas on steam condensation performance. Taking steam condensation in horizontal circular condensation channel (HCCC) as a reference, the condensation heat transfer coefficients (CHTCs), the outlet condensate mass flowrates (CMFRs), and the total steam condensation pressure drops (SCPDs) were compared and discussed, respectively. The results indicated that NC gas had a strong inhibitory effect on steam condensation, and average condensation characteristics decreased with the increase in NC gas fraction for lower Rem. But for higher Rem, the gas–liquid interfacial shearing stress can likely weaken the negative effect of NC gas. In addition, increasing the cooling water flowrate can entirety promote steam condensation. The comparison results indicated that steam condensation performance of HMSHC is better than that of HCCC under same experimental conditions. For the specific experimental scope, the average CHTCs and the outlet CMFRs in HMSHC are approximately 2.35 and 1.25 times of that inside HCCC, respectively, while the overall SCPDs in HMSHC are about 1.16 times of that inside HCCC. After introducing the performance evaluation factor, the calculation results revealed that the performance evaluation factor

h

PEC

{h}_{\text{PEC}}

of the average CHTCs in HMSHC is approximately 2.02, and the performance evaluation factor

m

PEC

{{m}}_{\text{PEC}}

of the outlet CMFRs in HMSHC is approximately 1.08. The two evaluating values are reasonable.
A decade of research on housing and health: a systematic literature review
Authors: Alidoust Sara , Huang Wei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper provides a systematic review of the evidence linking housing and health. This involved a review of 59 peer-reviewed journal papers, that included case studies on the health impacts of housing and were published in English, in the past decade (2010–2020). Our systematic review of the literature suggested most of the research on the health impacts of housing employed quantitative methodology, were conducted in the Global North and were published in Medical and Health Sciences journals. Research findings demonstrated four key areas through which housing impacts health: neighbourhood or context, physical building, housing market and housing policy. This paper provides valuable information to researchers for future research directions on the associations between housing and health and to decision-makers and planners for planning healthy cities.
Frontiers in mathematical modelling of the lipid metabolism under normal conditions and its alterations in heart diseases
Authors: Bocharov Gennady A. , Grebennikov Dmitry S. , Savinkov Rostislav S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease is a complex phenomenon determined by the interaction of multiple processes including the inflammatory, immunological, infectious, mechanical, biochemical and epigenetic ones. A predictive clinically relevant modelling of the entire trajectory of the human organism, from the initial alterations in lipid metabolism through to atherosclerotic plaque formation and finally to the pathologic state of the ischemic heart disease, is an open insufficiently explored problem. In the present review, we consider the existing mathematical frameworks which are used to describe, analyze and predict the dynamics of various processes related to cardiovascular diseases at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and holistic human organism level. The mechanistic, statistical and machine learning models are discussed in detail with special focus on the underlying assumptions and their clinical relevance. All together, they provide a solid computational platform for further expansion and tailoring for practical applications.
Numerical evaluation of the effectiveness of coronary revascularization
Authors: Simakov Sergey S. , Gamilov Timur M. , Liang Fuyou , Gognieva Daria G. , Gappoeva Mariam K. , Kopylov Philipp Yu. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the present paper we construct the model of coronary flow which utilizes the patient’s CT data on both large CA and perfusion. We reconstruct large coronary vessels based on the CT data and extrude possibly invisible vessels from the branches of the left coronary artery so that every terminal point supply every of standardized zone of myocardium. We apply a previously developed and validated 1D model of haemodynamics. Utilizing the patient-specific CTP data for modifying outflow terminal resistance at rest and under stress conditions is the major novelty of the present work. From our results it follows that acceptable values of fractional flow reserve (FFR) after the stenotic treatment may produce false negative output. Therefore healthy FFR values may be observed after ineffective revascularization. We also conclude that microvascular perfusion impairment plays significant role in correct computational estimation of haemodynamic indices before stenotic treatment. The advantage of the presented approach is the availability of transmural perfusion ratio assessment in everyday practice.
Ambiguity Avoidance by Means of Function Words in English? Providing Additional Corpus-based Counterevidence
Authors: Rohdenburg Günter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present paper considers three types of constructions where optional function words have been claimed to be used primarily for the purpose of avoiding a global or local attachment ambiguity. a) In the absence of the complementiser inthat-clauses, certain subject NPs might be (temporarily) misconstrued as direct objects of the superordinate verb. b) In the absence of the complementiserthat, certain adverbials might be (wrongly) assigned to the subordinate or the superordinate clause. c) In the absence of a relativiser, certain combinations of the antecedent NP and the relative clause subject might be (temporarily) misconstrued as forming a single NP. The paper uses two corpus-based testing procedures to refute these claims. (i) Analysing otherwise comparable ambiguity-free and ambiguity-prone structures in a)–c) we find that they involve similar rates of function word use. (ii) Moreover, it is shown that a variety of other ambiguity-free constructions, containing the same or other optional grammatical markers, display similar distributional profiles.
Personal Pronouns: Variation and Ambiguity
Authors: Hernández Nuria 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPersonal pronouns are vague and highly versatile. In addition to their canonical functions as deictics and anaphors, they can be used to express meanings that go beyond morphosyntactic mapping and feature matching. Potential ambiguity is minimised by a variety of syntactic and extra-syntactic means, including the conversational context. Disambiguation through categorical morphological distinctions is rarely needed. Different non-canonical uses that may theoretically result in ambiguous utterances are presented to illustrate how speakers embrace variable pronoun choice that eludes prescriptive isomorphism, for the sake of expressivity and pragmatic meaning. An ‘Avoid Ambiguity’ principle is suggested for conversation that takes account of the benefits of linguistic variability, vagueness, and the situatedness of natural talk.
British-American Contrasts in the Use of the Past Perfect: Negotiating Ambiguity versus Redundancy?
Authors: Kleppel Stephanie , Eitelmann Matthias , Mondorf Britta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study provides an empirical analysis of British-American contrasts in the overall use of the past perfect as well as its functional distribution. Studies on variation according to national variety report a decline of the past perfect spearheaded by American English (cf. Elsness, J. 1997.The Perfect and Preterite in Contemporary and Earlier English(Topics in English Linguistics 21). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyte; Bowie, J., S. Wallis, and B. Aarts. 2013. “The Perfect in Spoken British English.” InThe Verb Phrase in English. Investigating Recent Language Change with Corpora, edited by B. Aarts, J. Close, G. Leech, and S. Wallis, 318–52. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 348; Yao, X., and P. Collins. 2013. “Recent Change in Non-present Perfect Constructions in British and American English.”Corpora8 (1): 115–35: 121f.). However, these findings still await an explanation as to possible motivations for the decline. The present study is able to provide novel insights by taking the semantic functions of past perfect structures into account (anteriority, backshifting in indirect speech, hypothetical past). A functional quantitative and qualitative analysis of newspaper corpora comprising 112 million words (27 million British English and 85 million American English) reveals that the overall decline results in a reduction of redundant information at the cost of potential ambiguity. Finally, our findings will be related to the four dichotomies of British-American differences outlined in Rohdenburg and Schlüter (2009 “New Departures.” InOne Language, Two Grammars? Differences between British and American English(Studies in English Language), edited by G. Rohdenburg, and J. Schlüter, 364–423. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 421), i.e. progressiveness, formality, consistency and explicitness.
Improved efficiency in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) by nano-MIL-101(Cr) impregnated photoanode
Authors: Uğur Ali , Imer Arife Gencer , Kaya Esra , Karataş Yaşar , Gülcan Mehmet 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the present work, MIL-101 nanoparticles (nano-MIL-101(Cr)) metal–organic framework (MOF) structure was synthesized by hydrothermal method, and characterized via Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The optoelectronic application of MOFs was investigated for the first time. For this purpose, the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) consisting of the synthesized nano-MIL-101(Cr) impregnated photoanode (PA) was fabricated, and photovoltaic, photoelectric properties of them were investigated under different illumination intensities, and the obtained results were compared with reference one. The DSSC fabricated by impregnated PA showed better photovoltaic properties than reference one. It is obtained the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of about 0.828 and fill factor (ff) of 0.656 for the fabricated DSSC based on nano-MIL-101(Cr) impregnated PA under illumination power of 100 mW/cm2 by AM1.5 G solar simulator. For the reference DSSC, PCE, and ff is about 0.468 and 0.28, respectively. The PCE of the fabricated device based on nano-MIL-101(Cr) is ∼77% greater than the reference one. The improvement in the efficiency is because of good electrocatalytic activity, large pores, and high surface area of nano-MIL-101(Cr). The nano-MIL-101(Cr) can be used in organo-optoelectronic device fabrication to obtain better performance.
A literature review of personalization transparency and control: Introducing the Transparency-Awareness-Control Framework
Authors: Segijn Claire , Strycharz Joanna , Riegelman Amy , Hennesy Cody 
Published: November 2021

<p>Through various online activities, individuals produce large amounts of data that are collected by companies for the purpose of providing users with personalized communication. In the light of this mass collection of personal data, the transparency and control paradigm for personalized communication has led to increased attention of legislators and academics. However, in the scientific literature no clear definition of personalization transparency and control exists, which could lead to reliability and validity issues, impeding knowledge accumulation in academic research. In a literature review, we analyzed 31 articles and we observed that 1) no clear definitions of personalization transparency or control exist, 2) they are used interchangeably in the literature, 3) collection, processing, and sharing of data are the three objects of transparency and control, and 4) increased transparency does not automatically increase control because first awareness needs to be raised in the individual. Also, the relationship between awareness and control depends on the ability and the desire to control. This study contributes to the field of algorithmic communication by creating a common understanding of the transparency and control paradigm and thus improves validity of the results. Further, it progresses research on the issue by synthesizing existing studies on the topic, presenting the Transparency-Awareness-Control framework, and formulating propositions to guide future research.</p>
Submandibular Gland Tumours: A South African Perspective
Authors: Atiya Yahya , Modi Pradip , Torres-Holmes Marco 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: Reports relating to submandibular gland neoplasms are sparse in the literature and the epidemiology of these neoplasms is variable in different parts of the world. Some studies suggest different patterns of tumour types in Black/Negroid patients, as compared to White Caucasian patients. There is no clarity about the origins of these tumours nor its distribution.

Aim: This research paper audits the histopathological types of tumours and their clinical presentations at two central referral academic hospitals in South Africa.

Method: A cross-sectional study was undertaken, using retrospective clinical data from two large academic public hospitals over a 7-year period from January 2005 to December 2011. All patients who had a submandibular gland resection at the two hospitals were included. A total of 61 patient records were examined, of which 26 met the inclusion criteria, being that of true neoplasms of the submandibular triangle.

Results: Of the 26 patients 54% were males. The ages ranged from 22 to 65 years, with a mean of 42.5 years. Benign disease was found in 65.4% of patients, while 34.6% had malignancy. Black patients had a higher ratio of benign disease than White patients, and Black males were more likely to have benign disease (83.33%) than Black females (50%). On histopathology, pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumour (82%), while adenoid cystic carcinoma was the most common epithelial or glandular malignancy (22%). There was also a high rate of lymphoma (56% of patients) in the malignant group. Clinically, local pain (p=0.03) and peripheral nerve involvement (p=0.05) were found to be significantly associated with malignant infiltrating epithelial disease.

Conclusion: The rate of malignancy and age at presentation for Black patients was found to be lower than that reported in the Western literature. Pain and local/peripheral nerve involvement were clear clinical markers of malignant infiltrative disease.
Opinions of disabled university students on the distance education process
Authors: Stambekova Assel , Shmidt Mariya , Kydyrbaeva Galiya , Kydyrbaeva Galiya , Yerzhanova Gulnur , Issabayeva Zauresh 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the views of university students with disabilities, regarding the distance education process. The data collection tool of this qualitative research carried out in a phenomenological design is a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher, which aims to get the opinions of the disabled students studying at the university on the distance education process. The study group of the research consists of 30 students with visual, hearing and orthopedic disabilities who are studying at various universities in the cities of Almaty, Nur-Sultan, Aktobe and Karaganda in Kazakhstan, and have agreed to participate in the research voluntarily. As a result of the research, it was revealed that university students with disabilities found distance education inadequate in terms of teacher-learner, learner-learner, learner-content and learner-technology relations in line with the answers they gave in the semi-structured interview form. Improving teacher and peer relations in the distance education process of disabled university students, reorganizing the educational content and creating the technological infrastructure suitable for their needs are among the important tasks of the education approach of contemporary higher education.
Keywords: Distance education, hearing impaired students, higher education. orthopedically impaired students, visually impaired students
Honey production competitiveness between the Visegrad countries analysis based on the relative comparative advantages indices
Authors:   Hungarian University of Agriculture  and Life Sciences, Illés Bálint Csaba , Oravecz Titanilla ,   Budapest Business School, Žufan Pavel ,   Mendel University in Brno, Šedík Peter ,   Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Mucha László ,   Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences
Published: November 2021

Honey has beneficial physiological effects, it is a valuable agricultural export product and widely used worldwide as food and medicine also. The primary aim of this present study is to demonstrate the honey production and trade of the EU member states known as Visegrad Four between 2000 and 2018. Also an objective of this article is the calculation of the actual comparative advantages of the Visegrad Four in foreign trade in natural honey using the RCA (relative comparative advantages) indices. During the research and analysis, different international and EU Databases were used. Secondary data used in the analysis derive from the reports of National Apiculture Programmes, the European Commission and the European Committee and from the databases of Faostat, Trademap and the United Nations Comtrade Database. V4 countries account for about 25% of the total EU apiculture sector, and the cooperation of Visegrad Four countries in the field of beekeeping could make a major contribution to the competitiveness of the sector. Examining the import and export data, using RCA indices it was proved that Hungary has a comparative advantage in terms of natural honey, however the competitiveness of the beekeeping sector in the region depends on the common performance of all four countries. Due to the stability of the sector and the positive externalities, authors suggest the further support of the apiary in the region.
Contemporary Issues in the Acquisition of Orthopaedic Surgical Skills During Residency
Authors: Myers Thomas G. , Marsh J. Lawrence , Nicandri Gregg , Gorczyca John , Pellegrini Vincent D. 
Published: November 2021

➤ Orthopaedic education should produce surgeons who are competent to function independently and can obtain and maintain board certification.➤ Contemporary orthopaedic training programs exist within a fixed 5-year time frame, which may not be a perfect match for each trainee.➤ Most modern orthopaedic residencies have not yet fully adopted objective, proficiency-based, surgical skill training methods despite nearly 2 decades of evidence supporting the use of this methodology.➤ Competency-based medical education backed by surgical simulation rooted in proficiency-based progression has the potential to address surgical skill acquisition challenges in orthopaedic surgery.
Development of MATLAB GUI Based on Blob Analysis for Automatic Extraction of Defects
Authors: Hong Kang , Yuan Lihua , Li Zhe 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study introduces a graphical user interface (GUI) based on MATLAB to realize the automatic ex-traction of sizes of defects from the infrared sequence. To obtain the edge of the defect at deeper layer, a fusion stratagem of the maximum of gray values is adopted for an image subset in the sequence. Blob analysis to the fusion image is used to obtain the general information of defects of a specimen including the distributions and numbers of defects. The frame image is determined for a certain defect according to the peak of the time history curve of sensitive region variance. It can yield a region of interest (ROI) to expand the blob in the selected frame and the defect can be acquired by image segmentation. The results show that through this GUI, a better thermal image can be selected from a set of infrared sequence diagrams for quantitative extraction of different buried depth defect areas, which realizes automatic defect extraction, and its relative error is within 5%. The research on infrared automatic detection technology has certain significance.