bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental studies on rheological, mechanical, and microstructure properties of self‐compacting concrete containing perovskite nanomaterial
Authors: Bahari Ali , Sadeghi‐Nik Aref , Shaikh Faiz Uddin Ahmed , Sadeghi‐Nik Adel , Cerro‐Prada Elena , Mirshafiei Ebrahim , Roodbari Mandana 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article presents the effect of LaSrCoO3, oxides commonly known as LSCO nanomaterials, on rheological, mechanical and microstructural properties of self‐compacting concrete (SCC). LSCO nanomaterials contents of 1–4 wt% are considered in this study. Compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths of SCC mixes are evaluated at curing ages of 7, 28, and 90 days. The effect of LSCO nanomaterials on the microstructures of above concretes is also evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis techniques, Williamson–Hall equation, and X‐Powder software. Results show that workability of SCC mixes decrease with increase in LSCO nanomaterials. Increases are observed in compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths in SCC mixes when LSCO nanomaterials contents increase up to 2 wt%, followed by a decreasing trend which indicate 2 wt% as being the optimum amount. The microstructural analysis by means of various techniques also revels compact microstructure of cement matrix in SCC mixes containing 2 wt% LSCO nanomaterials, confirming the results of mechanical properties.
Designing gusset plates of chevron‐SCBFs through a new method
Authors: Ebrahimi Samira , Mirghaderi Seyed Rasoul 
Published: January 2021

SummaryA corner gusset plate possesses interfaces to both beam and column. To calculate the force demands of corner gusset plate interfaces, several methods have been proposed by researchers. No method has been proposed to determine dimensions and force demands for the gusset plates of chevron‐Special Concentrically Braced Frames (chevron‐SCBFs), so far. Generally, researchers utilize Uniform Force Method (UFM) to estimate the dimensions and force demands of chevron gusset plates. Note that the UFM was proposed for the corner gusset plates which have interfaces to both beam and column; nevertheless, there is only a gusset plate interface to beam in the gusset plates of chevron‐SCBFs. This study aims to calculate the force demands of chevron gusset plates through proposing a new method and also determine the chevron gusset plate dimensions via presenting a new procedure. Five one‐span, one‐story chevron‐SCBFs with selecting the bracing angles of 31°, 37°, 45°, 59°, and 72°for them were designed in accordance with the proposed procedure and method and thereafter developed in ABAQUS. These frames were subjected to a monotonic loading. Comparison between the results obtained from ABAQUS and those calculated using the proposed method demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed method and procedure.
Cardioprotective potential of amygdalin against angiotensin II induced cardiac hypertrophy, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses through modulation of Nrf2 and NF‐κB activation
Authors: Kung Yen‐Lun , Lu Cheng‐You , Badrealam Khan Fareen , Kuo Wei‐Wen , Shibu Marthandam Asokan , Day Cecilia Hsuan , Chen Ray‐Jade , Lu Shang‐Yeh , Padma Viswanadha Vijaya , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHeart failure (HF) and cardiac hypertrophy is an unfavorable outcome of pathological cardiac remodeling and represents the most important contributing factor for HF and cardiac hypertrophy. Amygdalin (AMG) is a cyanogenic glycoside derived from bitter almonds. Accumulating evidences have highlighted their pharmacological potentials against various diseases. However, there is no report delineating the potential of AMG against angiotensin (Ang II) induced cardiac injuries. Thus, the present study was performed to explore whether AMG could ameliorate Ang II induced cardiomyopathies and thereby ascertain the underlying mechanisms thereof. To this end, H9c2 cells were treated with Ang II and thereafter treated with various concentration of AMG and finally the cardio‐protective effects of AMG were analyzed through Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and insilico analysis. Our results showed that the cardiomyocyte cell size, inflammatory markers and cytokines(pNF‐κB, TNF‐α, iNOS and COX‐2) were markedly increased following Ang II treatment; nevertheless, treatment with AMG led to considerable decrement in the Ang II induced enlargement of the cardiomyocytes, and attenuate the expression of hypertrophic markers(ANP, BNP and MHC‐7), inflammatory markers and cytokines. Additionally, oxidative stress related proteins (Nrf2, catalase, SOD‐2, and GPX‐4) were markedly increased following AMG treatment. Molecular docking reveals the interaction of AMG with Nrf2 possessing good binding affinity. Cumulatively, our study highlights the cardio‐protective role of AMG against Ang II induced cardiomyopathies, including oxidative stress and inflammation effects. The intriguing in vitro results warrants the need of further animal studies to truly ascertain their potentialities.
Maternal cardiac function at 19–23 weeks' gestation in prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gibbone E. , Wright A. , Campos R. Vallenas , Anzoategui S. , Nicolaides K. H. , Charakida M. 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo examine differences in maternal cardiovascular indices at 19–23 weeks' gestation between pregnancies that develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and those without GDM, and to determine whether such cardiovascular changes are the consequence of maternal demographic characteristics and medical history or GDM per se.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study in women attending for a routine hospital visit at 19 + 1 to 23 + 3 weeks' gestation. This visit included recording of maternal demographic characteristics and medical history, and maternal echocardiography for assessment of E/A ratio, E/e′ ratio, myocardial performance index, global longitudinal systolic strain, left ventricular ejection fraction, peripheral vascular resistance, left ventricular cardiac output and left ventricular mass indexed for body surface area. The measurements of the maternal cardiac indices were standardized to remove the effects of maternal characteristics and elements from the medical history, and the adjusted values in the GDM group were compared to those in the non‐GDM group. Likelihood ratios were derived for those indices that were altered significantly in GDM, and these were used to modify the prior risk derived from maternal demographic characteristics and medical history. The area under the receiver‐operating‐characteristics curve and the detection rate of GDM, at 10%, 20% and 40% false‐positive rates, in screening by a combination of maternal factors with cardiovascular indices were determined.ResultsThe study population of 2853 pregnancies contained 199 (7.0%) that developed GDM. In pregnancies that developed GDM, there were significant differences from the non‐GDM group in E/A ratio, E/e′ ratio, myocardial performance index and global longitudinal systolic strain. After adjustment for maternal demographic characteristics and factors from the medical history known to affect cardiac indices, the only cardiovascular indices that were significantly different between the GDM and non‐GDM groups were peripheral vascular resistance and myocardial performance index, both of which were marginally increased in the GDM group. The performance of screening for GDM by maternal demographic characteristics and medical history was not improved by the addition of cardiovascular indices.ConclusionsWomen with GDM have subtle functional and hemodynamic cardiac changes prior to the development of GDM. These cardiac changes are mostly related to the adverse risk‐factor profile of these women. Maternal cardiac assessment at 20 weeks does not offer additional predictive information for GDM development in pregnancy to that calculated based on demographic characteristics and medical history. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Cognitive Dysfunction in Cats: Update on Neuropathological and Behavioural Changes Plus Clinical Management
Authors: Sordo Lorena , Gunn‐Moore Danièlle A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) is an established condition in cats that shares many similarities with human Alzheimer's disease (AD), where cognitive decline ultimately results in dementia. Cats with CDS display behavioural abnormalities, including excessive Vocalisation, altered Interaction with owners (increased affection/attention), altered Sleep‐wake cycles, House‐soiling, Disorientation (spatial and/or temporal), alterations in Activity, Anxiety, and/or Learning/memory deficits (i.e., VISHDAAL). These cats develop neuropathologies, such as accumulation ofβ‐amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau deposits. Because of its similarities to those in the brains of people with cognitive impairment and AD, the domestic cat could be a natural model for human dementia studies. It is important to diagnose CDS promptly in cats, ruling out other causes for these behavioural changes, to provide effective management. Interventions include environmental enrichment (e.g., easy access to key resources, calming pheromones), dietary supplementations (e.g., Senilife, Aktivait for cats, SAMe), specific diets (e.g., containing antioxidants, medium‐chain triglycerides) and, potentially, medication (e.g., selegiline or propentofylline). This article reviews the literature about CDS in cats, its causes, neuropathology, clinical signs, diagnosis and potential management options. By doing so, it furthers our understanding of this condition and allows improved health, welfare and quality of life of affected cats.
Mechanobiology in cardiology: Micro‐ and nanotechnologies to probe mechanosignaling
Authors: Yadav Sharda , Ta Hang T. , Nguyen Nam‐Trung 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe past few decades have shown significant growth in the study of mechanical effects on cellular properties. Novel methods and techniques had been developed to analyze the changes in the biophysical and biomechanical properties of cells. Recently, it has been reported that interaction between the external environment and cardiomyocytes would be essential for the function of the heart due to the importance of mechanical signaling. Physical forces play a major role in the development of cardiovascular disease. In this mini review, we discuss recent advances in technology for probing mechanobiology signals from the cardiac tissue and focus on the unmet needs and challenges to completely understand the mechanobiology of cardiac tissues.
Hypoxaemia following suspected intubation of the tracheal bronchus of a pig
Authors: Tonge Mary , Robson Katherine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA male, estimated body mass 60 kg, six‐month‐old Gloucester Old Spot pig was anaesthetised, and the trachea intubated for repair of a large umbilical hernia. Following endotracheal intubation and connection to the anaesthetic breathing circuit and machine, cyanosis was noted, and hypoxaemia, with hypercapnia, was later confirmed by arterial blood gas analysis. Differentials for hypoxaemia under general anaesthesia include inadequate delivery of oxygen, hypoventilation, ventilation: perfusion (V:Q) mismatching, diffusion disorders and intrapulmonary shunting. Hypoxaemia was eventually resolved by repositioning of the endotracheal tube, and the remainder of the anaesthesia, surgery and recovery were uneventful. Swine possess a tracheal bronchus which supplies, most usually, the right cranial lung lobe, and the practitioner should be aware of its presence and of the consequences of inadvertent intubation, bypass or blockage of the bronchus of this cranial lung lobe, as well as methods to avoid this complication.
IoT Forensics
Authors: Mrdovic Sasa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of research opportunities and issues in IoT forensics. It gives a quick introduction to forensics and digital forensics. Key specifics of IoT forensics are explained. Issues that arise from IoT related challenges in all phases of a forensic investigation are presented. Some opportunities that IoT brings to forensics are pointed out. An example of an IoT forensics case is provided. A detailed research overview is given, providing information on the main research directions with a brief overview of relevant papers. The chapter concludes with some ideas for future research.
The Fight Against Corruption in Brazil: A Case of Good Governance?
Authors: Pohlmann Markus , Valarini Elizangela 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe “Operation Carwash” is so far the biggest corruption scandal in Brazilian history. It did spoil a major part of the political system, and some of the established governance practices in Brazil. In this article, we are taking a closer look into the big corruption case, analyzing the unlawful practices of the Brazilian construction companies, and their relationship with the public sector more thoroughly. By carrying out content analyses of court files, we reveal the systemic corrupt pattern behind by connecting the level of regulations with the level of organizational crime. Furthermore, we ask, if the recent changes in law enforcement are accompanied by a changing environment of good governance? Our answer presented in the second part of the article is no. The political reactions to the “operation carwash” revealed in fact, how many of the “old-school” governance practices survived in Brazil.
Risk Governance: From Knowledge to Regulatory Action
Authors: Renn Ortwin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRisk governance is used to refer to a body of scholarly ideas and concepts for collective decision making involving uncertain consequences of events or actions. The risk governance concept developed by the International Risk Governance Council in Geneva provides guidance for constructing comprehensive assessment and management strategies to cope with risk. Its crafters integrate three types of scientific input: classic, curiosity-driven research; strategic, goal-oriented research: and catalytic, process-related investigations. In this paper, I demonstrate how these three knowledge pools can assist risk assessors and managers to improve their understanding of complex risk situations.
Explaining Subnational Governance: The Role of Governors’ Codified and Uncodified Knowledge
Authors: Avellaneda Claudia N. , Bello-Gómez Ricardo Andrés , Olvera Johabed G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe decentralization of responsibilities has led to considerable variation in subnational performance. In this chapter, we explore the determinants of subnational government performance by suggesting that governors’ education (codified knowledge) and experience (uncodified knowledge) explain education outputs and health outcomes. We test our propositions in two data sets derived from 32 Mexican states and 32 Colombian departments during 1995–2010 and 2004–2013, respectively. Based on their findings, we caution against generalizing results, because factors driving performance in Mexican states differ from those boosting performance in Colombian departments. Neither governors’ codified nor uncodified knowledge drives subnational performance in Colombia. However, governors’ uncodified knowledge (experience) does explain health outcomes in Mexican states. Moreover, although political factors (e.g., partisanship and party ideology) explain health performance in Mexican states, no political factor does so in the Colombian departments. In sum, what drives performance in one country may not have the same explanatory power in another country.
Putting Gradual Types to Work
Authors: Shivkumar Bhargav , Naudon Enrique , Ziarek Lukasz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we describe our experience incorporating gradual types in a statically typed functional language with Hindley-Milner style type inference. Where most gradually typed systems aim to improve static checking in a dynamically typed language, we approach it from the opposite perspective and promote dynamic checking in a statically typed language. Our approach provides a glimpse into how languages like SML and OCaml might handle gradual typing. We discuss our implementation and challenges faced—specifically how gradual typing rules apply to our representation of composite and recursive types. We review the various implementations that add dynamic typing to a statically typed language in order to highlight the different ways of mixing static and dynamic typing and examine possible inspirations while maintaining the gradual nature of our type system. This paper also discusses our motivation for adding gradual types to our language, and the practical benefits of doing so in our industrial setting.
Dimers, orientifolds and stability of supersymmetry breaking vacua
Authors: Argurio Riccardo , Bertolini Matteo , Franco Sebastián , García-Valdecasas Eduardo , Meynet Shani , Pasternak Antoine , Tatitscheff Valdo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study (orientifolded) toric Calabi-Yau singularities in search for D-brane configurations which lead to dynamical supersymmetry breaking at low energy. By exploiting dimer techniques we are able to determine that while most realizations lead to a Coulomb branch instability, a rather specific construction admits a fully stable supersymmetry breaking vacuum. We describe the geometric structure that a singularity should have in order to host such a construction, and present its simplest example, the Octagon.
Open giant magnons on LLM geometries
Authors: Berenstein David , Holguin Adolfo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We compute sigma model solutions for rigidly rotating open strings suspended between giant gravitons in general LLM geometries. These solutions are confined to the LLM plane. These all have a dispersion relation for ∆ − J that is consistent with saturation of a BPS bound of the centrally extended spin chain. For the special case of circularly symmetric LLM geometries, we can further evaluate the amount of angular momentum J carried by these strings. This quantity diverges for string configurations that try to move between different “coloring regions” in the LLM plane. All of these quantities have a perturbative expansion in the t’Hooft coupling. For the strings suspended between AdS giants, we can compute in field theory the leading result of J carried by the string via an analytic continuation of the SU(2) result, with the help of the Bethe Ansatz for the SL(2) sector. We thus provide additional information on how the radial direction of AdS arises from (open) spin chain calculations.
Global symmetries of Quaternion-Kähler $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 supersymmetric mechanics
Authors: Ivanov Evgeny , Mezincescu Luca 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We analyze the global symmetries of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric mechanics in- volving 4n-dimensional Quaternion-Kähler (QK) 1D sigma models on projective spaces ℍHn and ℍPn as the bosonic core. All Noether charges associated with global worldline symmetries are shown to vanish as a result of equations of motion, which implies that we deal with a severely constrained hamiltonian system. The complete hamiltonian analysis of the bosonic sector is performed.
TMD factorization for dijet and heavy-meson pair in DIS
Authors: del Castillo Rafael F. , Echevarria Miguel G. , Makris Yiannis , Scimemi Ignazio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study a transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorization framework for the processes of dijet and heavy-meson pair production in deep-inelastic-scattering in an electron-proton collider, considering the measurement of the transverse momentum imbalance of the two hard probes in the Breit frame. For the factorization theorem we employ soft-collinear and boosted-heavy-quark effective field theories. The factorized cross-section for both processes is sensitive to gluon unpolarized and linearly polarized TMD distributions and requires the introduction of a new soft function. We calculate the new soft function here at one-loop, regulating rapidity divergences with the δ-regulator. In addition, using a factorization consistency relation and a universality argument regarding the heavy-quark jet function, we obtain the anomalous dimension of the new soft function at two and three loops.
Solving a fixed number of equations over finite groups
Authors: Nuspl Philipp 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigate the complexity of solving systems of polynomial equations over finite groups. In 1999 Goldmann and Russell showed $$\mathrm {NP}$$
NP
-completeness of this problem for non-Abelian groups. We show that the problem can become tractable for some non-Abelian groups if we fix the number of equations. Recently, Földvári and Horváth showed that a single equation over groups which are semidirect products of a p-group with an Abelian group can be solved in polynomial time. We generalize this result and show that the same is true for systems with a fixed number of equations. This shows that for all groups for which the complexity of solving one equation has been proved to be in $$\mathrm {P}$$
P
so far, solving a fixed number of equations is also in $$\mathrm {P}$$
P
. Using the collecting procedure presented by Horváth and Szabó in 2006, we furthermore present a faster algorithm to solve systems of equations over groups of order pq.
Translating a Global Emission-Reduction Framework for Subnational Climate Action: A Case Study from the State of Georgia
Authors: Brown Marilyn A. , Beasley Blair , Atalay Fikret , Cobb Kim M. , Dwiveldi Puneet , Hubbs Jeffrey , Iwaniek David M. , Mani Sudhagar , Matisoff Daniel , Mohan Jaqueline E. , Mullen Jeffrey , Oxman Michael , Rochberg Daniel , Rodgers Michael , Shepherd Marshall , Simmons Richard , Taylor Laura , Toktay L. Beril 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSubnational entities are recognizing the need to systematically examine options for reducing their carbon footprints. However, few robust and comprehensive analyses are available that lay out how US states and regions can most effectively contribute. This paper describes an approach developed for Georgia—a state in the southeastern United States called “Drawdown Georgia”, our research involves (1) understanding Georgia’s baseline carbon footprint and trends, (2) identifying the universe of Georgia-specific carbon-reduction solutions that could be impactful by 2030, (3) estimating the greenhouse gas reduction potential of these high-impact 2030 solutions for Georgia, and (4) estimating associated costs and benefits while also considering how the solutions might impact societal priorities, such as economic development opportunities, public health, environmental benefits, and equity. We began by examining the global solutions identified by Project Drawdown. The resulting 20 high-impact 2030 solutions provide a strategy for reducing Georgia’s carbon footprint in the next decade using market-ready technologies and practices and including negative emission solutions. This paper describes our systematic and replicable process and ends with a discussion of its strengths, weaknesses, and planned future research.