bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A decellularized human corneal scaffold for anterior corneal surface reconstruction
Authors: Polisetti Naresh , Schmid Anke , Schlötzer-Schrehardt Ursula , Maier Philip , Lang Stefan J. , Steinberg Thorsten , Schlunck Günther , Reinhard Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAllogenic transplants of the cornea are prone to rejection, especially in repetitive transplantation and in scarred or highly vascularized recipient sites. Patients with these ailments would particularly benefit from the possibility to use non-immunogenic decellularized tissue scaffolds for transplantation, which may be repopulated by host cells in situ or in vitro. So, the aim of this study was to develop a fast and efficient decellularization method for creating a human corneal extracellular matrix scaffold suitable for repopulation with human cells from the corneal limbus. To decellularize human donor corneas, sodium deoxycholate, deoxyribonuclease I, and dextran were assessed to remove cells and nuclei and to control tissue swelling, respectively. We evaluated the decellularization effects on the ultrastructure, optical, mechanical, and biological properties of the human cornea. Scaffold recellularization was studied using primary human limbal epithelial cells, stromal cells, and melanocytes in vitro and a lamellar transplantation approach ex vivo. Our data strongly suggest that this approach allowed the effective removal of cellular and nuclear material in a very short period of time while preserving extracellular matrix proteins, glycosaminoglycans, tissue structure, and optical transmission properties. In vitro recellularization demonstrated good biocompatibility of the decellularized human cornea and ex vivo transplantation revealed complete epithelialization and stromal repopulation from the host tissue. Thus, the generated decellularized human corneal scaffold could be a promising biological material for anterior corneal reconstruction in the treatment of corneal defects.
Genome-wide characterization of the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii F-box family under cadmium stress
Authors: Zhang Zhuang , Qiu Wenmin , Liu Wen , Han Xiaojiao , Wu Longhua , Yu Miao , Qiu Xuelong , He Zhengquan , Li HaiYing , Zhuo Renying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe F-box genes, which form one of the largest gene families in plants, are vital for plant growth, development and stress response. However, F-box gene family in Sedum alfredii remains unknown. Comprehensive studies addressing their function responding to cadmium stress is still limited. In the present study, 193 members of the F-box gene (SaFbox) family were identified, which were classified into nine subfamilies. Most of the SaFboxs had highly conserved domain and motif. Various functionally related cis-elements involved in plant growth regulation, stress and hormone responses were located in the upstream regions of SaFbox genes. RNA-sequencing and co-expression network analysis revealed that the identified SaFbox genes would be involved in Cd stress. Expression analysis of 16 hub genes confirmed their transcription level in different tissues. Four hub genes (SaFbox40, SaFbox51, SaFbox136 and SaFbox170) were heterologously expressed in a Cd-sensitive yeast cell to assess their effects on Cd tolerance. The transgenic yeast cells carrying SaFbox40, SaFbox51, SaFbox136, or SaFbox170 were more sensitive and accumulated more cadmium under Cd stress than empty vector transformed control cells. Our results performed a comprehensive analysis of Fboxs in S. alfredii and identified their potential roles in Cd stress response.
Novel nano-plasmonic sensing platform based on vertical conductive bridge
Authors: Park Hyo-Seung , Park Jongkil , Kwak Joon Young , Hwang Gyu-Weon , Jeong Doo-Seok , Lee Kyeong-Seok 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA novel nano-plasmonic sensing platform based on vertical conductive bridge was suggested as an alternative geometry for taking full advantages of unique properties of conductive junction while substantially alleviating burdens in lithographic process. The effects of various geometrical parameters on the plasmonic properties were systematically investigated. Theoretical simulation on this structure demonstrates that the presence of vertical conductive bridge with smaller diameter sandwiched between two adjacent thin nanodiscs excites a bridged mode very similar to the charge transfer plasmon and exhibits a remarkable enhancement in the extinction efficiency and the sensitivity when the electric field of incident light is parallel to the conductive bridge. Furthermore, for the electric field perpendicular to the bridge, another interesting feature is observed that two magnetic resonance modes are excited symmetrically through open-gaps on both sides of the bridge together with strongly enhanced electric field intensity, which provides a very favorable environment as a surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate for fluid analysis. These results verify a great potential and versatility of our approach for use as a nanoplasmonic sensing platform. In addition, we demonstrated the feasibility of fabrication process of vertical conductive bridge and high tunability in controlling the bridge width.
2-Azabutadiene complexes of rhenium(i): S,N-chelated species with photophysical properties heavily governed by the ligand hidden traits
Authors: Schlachter Adrien , Juvenal Frank , Kinghat Tangou Rodolphe , Khatyr Abderrahim , Guyon Fabrice , Karsenti Paul-Ludovic , Strohmann Carsten , Kubicki Marek M. , Rousselin Yoann , Harvey Pierre D. , Knorr Michael 
Published: February 2021

The S,N-coordination of azabutadienes onto fac-Re(CO)3X species creates moderately emissive complexes, which exhibit ultrafast and multiphasic deactivation kinetics of both their singlet and triplet (MLCT/ILCT) excited states.
The survey of planetary nebulae in Andromeda (M 31)
Authors: Bhattacharya Souradeep , Arnaboldi Magda , Gerhard Ortwin , McConnachie Alan , Caldwell Nelson , Hartke Johanna , Freeman Kenneth C. 
Published: February 2021

Context.The Andromeda (M 31) galaxy displays several substructures in its inner halo. Different simulations associate their origin with either a single relatively massive merger, or with a larger number of distinct, less massive accretions.Aims.The origin of these substructures as remnants of accreted satellites or perturbations of the pre-existing disc would be encoded in the properties of their stellar populations (SPs). The metallicity and star formation history of these distinct populations leave traces on their deep [O III] 5007 Å planetary nebulae luminosity function (PNLF). By characterizing the morphology of the PNLFs, we constrain their origin.Methods.From our 54 sq. deg. deep narrow-band [O III] survey of M 31, we identify planetary nebulae in six major inner-halo substructures: the Giant Stream, North East Shelf, G1 Clump, Northern Clump, Western Shelf, and Stream D. We obtain their PNLFs and those in two disc annuli, with galactocentric radii ofRGC= 10–20 kpc andRGC= 20–30 kpc. We measure PNLF parameters from cumulative fits and statistically compare the PNLFs in each substructure and disc annulus. We link these deep PNLF parameters and those for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to published metallicities and resolved stellar population-age measurements for their parent SPs.Results.The absolute magnitudes (M*) of the PNLF bright cut-off for these sub-populations span a significant magnitude range, despite being located at the same distance and having a similar line-of-sight extinction. TheM*values of the Giant Stream, W Shelf, and Stream D PNLFs are fainter than those predicted by PN evolution models by 0.6, 0.8, and 1.5 mag, respectively, assuming the measured metallicity of the parent stellar populations. The faint-end slope of the PNLF increases linearly with decreasing fraction of stellar mass younger than 5 Gyr across the M 31 regions and the LMC. From their PNLFs, the Giant Stream and NE Shelf are consistent with being stellar debris from an infalling satellite, while the G1 Clump appears to be linked with the pre-merger disc with an additional contribution from younger stars.Conclusions.The SPs of the substructures are consistent with those predicted by simulations of a single fairly massive merger event that took place 2–3 Gyr ago in M31. Stream D has an unrelated, distinct origin. Furthermore, this study provides independent evidence that the faint-end of the PNLF is preferentially populated by planetary nebulae evolved from older stars.
Polypendetektion mit künstlicher Intelligenz
Authors: Rademacher Andres , Faiss Siegbert 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDurch die Vorsorgekoloskopie lässt sich die Inzidenz und die Sterblichkeit des kolorektalen Karzinoms effektiv senken. Die Adenomdetektionsrate (ADR = engl. adenoma detection rate) stellt ein entscheidendes Qualitätskriterium der Vorsorgekoloskopie dar. Die Nutzung computerbasierender Assistenzsysteme in der Endoskopie bietet große Chancen, die Adenomdetektionsrate weiter zu steigern und für eine weitere Qualitätssicherung in der Endoskopie zu sorgen.Die theoretischen Grundlagen der künstlichen Intelligenz wurden bereits in den 1950er-Jahren gelegt, eine breite Anwendung ist jedoch erst jetzt durch die Entwicklung schneller Computer und die Verfügbarkeit großer digitaler Datenmengen möglich. Das Deep Learning (dt. mehrschichtiges Lernen oder tiefes Lernen) stellt eine Form des maschinellen Lernens dar, bei dem durch Nutzung eines künstlichen neuronalen Netzwerks nach einer Lernphase komplexe Aufgaben gelöst werden können. Es eignet sich für Anwendungen, die für das menschliche Gehirn keine große Anstrengung darstellen (wie z. B. Gesichts- oder Spracherkennung), die jedoch mit konventionellen Methoden sehr aufwendig zu programmieren sind.Für den Einsatz in der Endoskopie wurden auf künstlicher Intelligenz basierende Systeme zur computergestützten Polypendetektion (engl. computer aided Detection = CADe), computergestützte Diagnose (engl. computer aided diagnosis = CADx) und zum computergestützten Monitoring (engl. computer aided monitoring = CADm) erfolgreich in Studien getestet. Erste kommerzielle Systeme zur Polypendetektion und zur optischen Biopsie im Kolon sind bereits erhältlich und konnten in Studien eine Steigerung der ADR durch Einsatz der künstlichen Intelligenz belegen.Computergestützte Assistenzsysteme auf Basis des Deep Learning könnten in naher Zukunft zum Standard in der Endoskopie werden, um eine optimale Polypendetektion, akkurate Diagnosestellung und objektives Untersuchungsmonitoring zu gewährleisten.
Wann machen digitale Spiele krank?
Authors: Mikusky David , Abler Birgit 
Published: February 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGComputer-, Video- und Mobilespiele (digitale Spiele) sind ein weit verbreitetes Massenmedium, das in allen Altersklassen und sozialen Schichten vertreten ist. Damit im Zusammenhang stehende Krankheitsbilder sind im Abschnitt für Forschungsdiagnosen des Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) als Internet Gaming Disorder und den Vorabversionen der International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) als Gaming Disorder definiert. In der Literatur kontrovers diskutiert wird neben der Notwendigkeit einer möglichen Überpathologisierung von Alltagsverhalten die nosologische Einordnung als Suchterkrankung versus Impulskontrollstörung. Hinweise zur Einordnung als Suchtverhalten geben zum einen Validierungsstudien der Diagnosekriterien, in welchen mit Toleranzentwicklung, Kontrollverlust und Vernachlässigung anderer Aktivitäten allgemeine Suchtkriterien zur Voraussage einer Beeinträchtigung als geeignet eingeschätzt werden. Zum anderen zeigen neurobiologische und bildgebende Befunde eine deutliche Übereinstimmung der Veränderungen bei Konsumenten digitaler Spiele mit denen, wie sie auch bei stoffgebundenen Suchterkrankungen beobachtet wurden. Hilfreich bei einer Risikoeinschätzung für die Entwicklung eines psychiatrisch relevanten Syndroms kann die Kenntnis von Spielmechaniken und Bezahlmodellen digitaler Spiele sein, welche nach lerntheoretischer Konzeption zur Entstehung beitragen können: Gestaffelter Fortschritt im Spiel (Progressionssysteme) mit an saliente Reize gekoppelte Belohnungen zur Charakteraufwertung, der Spieleinstieg ohne Bezahlung (free-to-play), Erwerb von Spielfortschritt und Individualisierungsoptionen (In-Game-Items) durch Kleinstbeträge (Mikrotransaktionen) und an Zufall gekoppelte Belohnungen mit der Möglichkeit, digitale Münzwürfe zu erwerben (Lootboxen) können die Entwicklung von Suchtverhalten fördern.
Long-term follow-up after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in 182 cases
Authors: Suchy Christian , Berger Moritz , Steinbrück Ingo , Oyama Tsuneo , Yahagi Naohisa , Dumoulin Franz Ludwig 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims We previously reported a case series of our first 182 colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissections (ESDs). In the initial series, 155 ESDs had been technically feasible, with 137 en bloc resections and 97 en bloc resections with free margins (R0). Here, we present long-term follow-up data, with particular emphasis on cases where either en bloc resection was not achieved or en bloc resection resulted in positive margins (R1).
Patients and methods Between September 2012 and October 2015, we performed 182 consecutive ESD procedures in 178 patients (median size 41.0 ± 17.4 mm; localization rectum vs. proximal rectum 63 vs. 119). Data on follow-up were obtained from our endoscopy database and from referring physicians.
Results Of the initial cohort, 11 patients underwent surgery; follow-up data were available for 141 of the remaining 171 cases (82,5 %) with a median follow-up of 2.43 years (range 0.15–6.53). Recurrent adenoma was observed in 8 patients (n = 2 after margin positive en bloc ESD; n = 6 after fragmented resection). Recurrence rates were lower after en bloc resection, irrespective of involved margins (1.8 vs. 18,2 %; P < 0.01). All recurrences were low-grade adenomas and could be managed endoscopically.
Conclusions The rate of recurrence is low after en bloc ESD, in particular if a one-piece resection can be achieved. Recurrence after fragmented resection is comparable to published data on piecemeal mucosal resection.
Posttraumatic Ocular Hypotony Through Epithelial Downgrowth
Authors: Heinzelmann Joana , Schober Celestina , Huth Andrea , Siebolts Udo , Viestenz Arne 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Intraocular epithelial downgrowth is a rare but potentially devastating posttraumatic complication. If left untreated, this may result in corneal decompensation, secondary
angle-closure glaucoma, retinal detachment and blindness.
Patient and Method A 10-year-old patient with penetrating globe injury and delayed wound management elsewhere presented with corneal melting and decompensation, retinal detachment
and ocular hypotony. Following penetrating keratoplasty, cyclopexy and vitrectomy, corneal melting in the interface with renewed retinal detachment was noted within days. The hopeless
prognosis required enucleation of the globe.
Results Optical coherence tomography revealed not only corneal melting, but also markedly hyperreflective structures posterior to the cornea. Immunohistology demonstrated diffuse
multi-layered nonkeratinised squamous cell epithelium on the posterior corneal surface, iris, ciliary bodies, and retina, as well as below the choroid, with renewed tractional retinal
detachment.
Conclusion Posttraumatic epithelial downgrowth may result in tractional retinal detachment, cyclodialysis cleft and/or corneal melting. Hyperreflective membrane deposits on OCT may
be indicative of diffuse epithelial downgrowth. Especially in children, prompt wound closure in globe injuries is vital to avoid this serious posttraumatic complication.
Effect of IPL in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Authors: Schuh Anna , Muth Daniel , Shajari Mehdi , Mayer Wolfgang J. , Priglinger Siegfried , Messmer Elisabeth 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effect of IPL (intense pulsed light) treatment in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
Methods Clinical data of 25 patients with MGD who underwent IPL treatment at the department of ophthalmology of Ludwig-Maximilians-University between 2016 and 2018 were analyzed. Demographics, clinical history, examination findings (eyelid vascularization, meibomian gland findings, conjunctival redness, tear film break-up time [TFBUT], corneal staining (Oxford grading scale [OGS]), and subjective patientsʼ findings (including ocular surface disease index [OSDI]) were collected from each visit (D1, D15, D45, D75).
Results All included patients underwent three sessions of IPL treatment in both eyes (D1, D15, D45). There was a significant improvement after IPL treatment (D75) in TFBUT (p < 0.001), corneal staining (OGS) (p < 0.001), conjunctival redness (p < 0.001), lid margin edema (p < 0.001) and redness (p < 0.001), meibum quality (p < 0.001), lid margin telangiectasia (p = 0.005), meibomian gland obstruction (p = 0.001), and OSDI score (p = 0.004). Even after the first IPL session, significant improvements in TFBUT (p < 0.001), corneal staining (OGS p < 0.001), conjunctival redness (p < 0.022), lid margin edema (p < 0.001) and redness (p < 0.016), meibum quality (p = 0.014), and OSDI score (p < 0.013) were noted. There were no relevant negative side effects. Subgroup analysis for age, sex, duration or severity of disease, and associated diagnosis of rosacea showed no significant difference in effectiveness.
Conclusion IPL is an effective and safe treatment for patients with MGD, which can be used as a supportive therapeutic option.
To Fill or Not to Fill? – Value of the Administration of Positive Rectal Contrast for CT Evaluation of Diverticular Disease of the Colon
Authors: Meyer Simone , Schmidbauer Martina , Wacker Frank K. , Ringe Kristina Imeen 
Published: February 2021

Purpose To assess the value of the administration of positive rectal contrast at CT in patients referred for suspected diverticular disease (DD) of the colon.
Materials and Methods 460 patients (253 male, 207 female; median age 62 years; interquartile range 24) with clinical suspicion of DD of the colon were included in this retrospective IRB-approved study. CT was performed with i. v. contrast only (n = 328, group M1), i. v. + positive rectal contrast (n = 82, group M2), neither i. v. nor rectal contrast (n = 32, group S1), or positive rectal contrast only (n = 19, group S2). Two readers in consensus evaluated all CT datasets concerning diagnosis of DD (yes/no) and categorized findings (classification of diverticular disease (CDD)). Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values for the diagnosis of DD were calculated for all groups, using either clinical follow-up (n = 335) or intraoperative findings (n = 125) as the reference standard. In patients undergoing surgery, radiological staging of DD was correlated with the histopathology (weighted Cohen-k).
Results 224 patients (48.7 %) were diagnosed with DD. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were as follows. Group M1 / M2: 92 %/92 %, 97 %/94 %, 96 %/96 %, 94 %/89 %, respectively; group S1 / S2: 94 %/86 %, 93 %/80 %, 94 %/92 %, 93 %/67 %, respectively. Radiological staging and histopathology correlated substantially in all groups (k = 0.748–0.861).
Conclusion Abdominal CT had a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of DD. Disease staging correlated well with the findings at surgery. Additional positive rectal contrast administration did not have a significant advantage and may therefore be omitted in patients with suspected DD.
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Homoeopathic Management in a Case of Infertility with PCOS
Authors: Rath Padmalaya , Gautam Shweta 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInfertility is the inability of a sexually active couple, not using any birth control, to get pregnant after 1 year of trying. About one-quarter of female infertility is caused by a problem with ovulation. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) accounts for more than 75% of cases of anovulatory infertility. PCOS is a disorder of chronically abnormal ovarian function and hyperandrogenism (abnormally elevated androgen levels) manifested by irregular menstrual cycles, polycystic ovaries, excess unwanted hair, obesity etc. A case of a female aged 21 years with irregular menses for the past 2 years diagnosed with PCOS and inability to conceive has been reported here. The case was worked out as per homoeopathic principles and individualised homoeopathic medicine, Pulsatilla nigricans (Puls. nig.) was prescribed and the patient responded positively and conceived
Haemangioma Successfully Treated in a Bitch with Mercurius solubilis: A Case Report
Authors: Millán Macías Álvaro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConventional medical therapy for haemangioma usually consists of corticosteroids through oral administration, intralesional injection or topical application. Recently, propranolol has demonstrated to offer advantages because its therapeutic efficacy is comparable and fewer adverse effects are observed. This benign vascular tumour is not always so complicated to have to be removed surgically and many others remit without treatment. However, sometimes the unexpected can happen and evolve unfavourably. For these situations, homeopathy can also be evaluated. Here is a case report of an elderly bitch that developed a haemangioma on the pad of the left fifth toe. The lesion increased in size after applying a corticosteroid ointment and became an infected wound with suppuration when the bitch bit it (self-mutilation). A homeopathic approach to the treatment was proposed. Complete remission of the vascular tumour and improvement of behavioural and physical complaints was achieved with a high dilution of Mercurius solubilis. The homeopathic remedy Phosphorus, a phytotherapic ointment of Calendula officinalis, and the application of topical antibiotics did not have the efficacy of the previous one. Although homeopathy does not yet have a specific mechanism of action for each remedy, the pathogenesis of M. solubilis is compatible with a negative regulation of glutamine synthetase. Given that it has been shown that ultra-dilutions can stimulate gene expression, it is theoretically hypothesised here that Mercurius could stimulate glutamate-ammonia ligase gene, which expresses the aforementioned enzyme, and solve or improve diseases whose symptoms are due to their underexpression or inhibition (at gene and protein level). Hence, the aim of this article is to show the results of homeopathy in the clinical practice and to propose a line of research on the mechanism of action of the remedies.