bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocurable 3D Printing of High Toughness and Self‐Healing Hydrogels for Customized Wearable Flexible Sensors
Authors: Wu Yuchao , Zeng Yong , Chen Yizhen , Li Chao , Qiu Renhui , Liu Wendi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCurrently, most customized hydrogels can only be processed via extrusion‐based 3D printing techniques, which is limited by printing efficiency and resolution. Here, a simple strategy for the rapid fabrication of customized hydrogels using a photocurable 3D printing technique is presented. This technique has been rarely used because the presence of water increases the molecular distance between the polymer chains and reduces the monomer polymerization rate, resulting in the failure of rapid solid‐liquid separation during printing. Although adding cross‐linkers to printing inks can effectively accelerate 3D cross‐linked network formation, chemical cross‐linking may result in reduced toughness and self‐healing ability of the hydrogel. Therefore, an interpenetrated‐network hydrogel based on non‐covalent interactions is designed to form physical cross‐links, affording fast solid‐liquid separation. Poly(acrylic acid (AA)‐N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NVP)) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are cross‐linked via Zn2+‐ligand coordination and hydrogen bonding; the resulting mixed AA‐NVP/CMC solution is used as the printing ink. The printed poly(AA‐NVP/CMC) hydrogel exhibited high tensile toughness (3.38 MJ m−3) and superior self‐healing ability (healed stress: 81%; healed strain: 91%). Some objects like manipulator are successfully customized by photocurable 3D printing using hydrogels with high toughness and complex structures. This high‐performance hydrogel has great potential for application in flexible wearable sensors.
Antibacterial Zeolite Imidazole Frameworks with Manganese Doping for Immunomodulation to Accelerate Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Wan Yao , Fang Jiao , Wang Yu , Sun Jiao , Sun Yue , Sun Xiaolin , Qi Manlin , Li Wen , Li Chunyan , Zhou Yanmin , Xu Lin , Dong Biao , Wang Lin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNumerous nanomedicines currently emerge to reduce the dramatic threat in antibiotics resistance for antibacterial application against severe bacterial infections, while it is restricted by over‐reacted immune response to pathogenic bacteria. Herein, enzymatic activity is introduced into the zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) to achieve sterilization by releasing Zn ions, as well as inflammation regulation through the variable valence of Mn ions that are uniformly doped into its framework. Within this simple metal organic framework (MOF) structure design, Mn‐ZIF‐8 possesses the co‐existence of Mn2+/Mn4+ to endow the nanocomposite with the anti‐inflammatory capabilities, which can be adjusted through the redox environment. The enzymatic activity of Mn ions and superiority of pore structure of ZIF‐8 are effectively combined to realize the substrate selection via reactant molecular size and high‐efficiency internal catalytic performance. By such design, this nanocomposite would not only exhibit an excellent antibacterial performance against pathogenic bacteria, but also reshape the inflammatory immunity by regulating macrophage polarization to suppress over‐reacted inflammation, leading to a favorably therapeutic efficiency on bacteria‐infected wound healing in animal models. Taken together, this nanoplatform provides effective approach for accelerating infected wound healing via bacteria killing and inflammation modulation, and may be extended for the therapy of other severe bacteria‐induced infections.
Self‐Supported Nickel Single Atoms Overwhelming the Concomitant Nickel Nanoparticles Enable Efficient and Selective CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Shen Shujin , Han Cheng , Wang Bing , Wang Yingde 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelf‐supported metal/nitrogen‐doped carbon (M‐N‐C) catalysts with unitary single‐atom (SA) sites are highly desired to facilitate the electrocatalysis industrialization. Nevertheless, the concomitance of metal nanoparticles (NPs) enclosed by graphene layers is commonly inevitable and results in structure heterogeneity. Herein, an electronic structure modulation strategy of inactivating nickel (Ni) NPs to maximize Ni SAs for highly efficient and selective carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) within a facilely prepared self‐supported Ni NPs/SAs‐containing catalyst is reported. The side effect of Ni NPs is effectively inhibited by finely tuning the encapsulating graphene layers thickness to block electrons penetration. The optimized catalyst exhibits a nearly 100% selectivity of CO production under moderate working potentials of −0.6– −0.8 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) and produces a partial current density of 341 mA cm−2 when directly used as a gas diffusion electrode for CO2RR. The authors’ discoveries provide fresh insights into the design and scalable preparation of self‐supported M‐N‐C catalysts with unitary single‐atom active sites for CO2RR aiming at industrialization.
Plantar Pressure‐Based Insole Gait Monitoring Techniques for Diseases Monitoring and Analysis: A Review
Authors: Chen Jun‐Liang , Dai Yan‐Ning , Grimaldi Nicolas S. , Lin Jing‐Jing , Hu Bo‐Yi , Wu Yin‐Feng , Gao Shuo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAmong diverse wearable techniques, insole‐based plantar pressure monitoring systems have surged as a leading technology to monitor patient's chronic disease progression. Such technological feat has been made possible due to the strong correlation between gait and disease status. Hence, insole‐based plantar pressure monitoring techniques are growing rapidly worldwide; with several research institutions and enterprises showing an increased interest in the field. This review intends to first explain the working principles of mainstream insole plantar sensing techniques and design considerations such as sensing material selection and electronics design requirements, and then the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms for plantar pressure distribution reconstruction. Following, this article will discuss disease monitoring applications and the extraction of disease features. Finally, insight regarding common challenges and their potential solutions within the field would be elucidated.
Electrically Tunable Reflection Color of Chiral Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Feng Chenrun , Saha Rony , Korblova Eva , Walba David , Sprunt Samuel N. , Jákli Antal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe recently discovered ferroelectric nematic (NF) liquid crystals (LCs) with over 0.04 C m−2 ferroelectric polarization and 104 relative dielectric constants, coupled with sub‐millisecond switching, offer potential applications in high‐power super capacitors and low voltage driven fast electro‐optical devices. This paper presents electrical, optical, and electro‐optical studies of a ferroelectric nematic LC material doped with commercially available chiral dopants. While the NF phase of the undoped LC is only monotropic, the chiral NF phase is enantiotropic, indicating a chirality induced stabilization of the polar nematic order. Compared to undoped NF material, a remarkable improvement of the electro‐optical switching time is demonstrated in the chiral doped materials. The color of the chiral mixtures that exhibit a selective reflection of visible light in the chiral NF phase, can be reversibly tuned by 0.02–0.1 V µm−1 in‐plane electric fields, which are much smaller than typically required in full‐color cholesteric LC displays and do not require complicated driving scheme. The fast switchable reflection color at low fields has potential applications for LC displays without backlight, smart windows, shutters, and e‐papers.
Photogated Coordination Switching of Silver Nanoparticles for Reversible Coloration/Discoloration of Hydrogel
Authors: Wang Fushun , Cui Anyang , Hu Zhigao , Zhang Lidong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHydrogels remain challenging for the reversible high‐resolution coloration/discoloration in response to external stimuli. Herein, a photogated coordination‐switching mechanism is proposed to alter the localized surface plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) inside a hydrogel network, which enables the reversible color change. The hydrogel is synthesized by free‐radical crosslinking of N,N'‐bisacrylylcystamine (BACA), sodium p‐styrenesulfonate (NASS), and acrylamide (Am) in the presence of AgNPs. Upon light irradiation at λ = 400 nm (300 mW cm−2), the AgNPs selectively coordinate with the disulfide bond of BACA to result in a reddish‐brown hydrogel in 30 s. In dark condition, this coordinating effect is replaced by the sulfonate of NASS and AgNPs, which brings the hydrogel into gray white. Such a photogated coordination‐switching mechanism is a physical process that enables the coloration/discoloration cycles without apparent reduction in the resolution. By means of a high‐precision mask, it allows writing, storing, and erasing of complicated information at the hydrogel surface, showing a great potential in informatics, cryptology, and security areas.
Selectively Defect‐Healed Graphene Electrodes for Tungsten Diselenide Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Kim Tae In , Park Ick‐Joon 
Published: September 2021

Abstract2D nanomaterials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides have attracted great interest as future electronic materials, especially for application in next‐generation displays, owing to their extraordinary electrical, mechanical, and optical properties. In order to achieve 2D material‐based practical devices, it is essential to heal the graphene defects which are inevitably generated during chemical vapor deposition‐based large‐area synthesis and transfer process, through doping technology. In this article, a novel approach for selective defect‐healing of graphene with electrodeposited gold nanoparticles is proposed, where the defect‐healed graphene source/drain electrodes are integrated with p‐type tungsten diselenide (WSe2) thin‐film transistors (TFTs), for the first time. This proposed device shows greatly enhanced electrical characteristics (increase of carrier mobility about ≈230.8%) by selective defect‐healing of graphene, and the performance improvement mechanism is systematically investigated in terms of conductivity and Schottky barrier engineering of graphene/WSe2 interface. Also, a long‐term stability of defect‐healed graphene electrode is achieved over a long period of a month, which is enabled by a polymer‐based passivation layer that maintains the doping effects of defect‐engineered graphene. The authors’ findings therefore provide a new strategy for developing graphene electrode‐based high‐performance TFTs, and reveal the enormous potential of graphene as an innovative conductor for prospective displays.
Ligand Exchange and Impurity Doping in 2D CdSe Nanoplatelet Thin Films and Their Applications
Authors: Lee Woo Seok , Kang Yoon‐Gu , Sharma Manoj , Lee Yong Min , Jeon Sanghyun , Sharma Ashma , Demir Hilmi Volkan , Han Myung Joon , Koh Weon‐Kyu , Oh Soong Ju 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe effects of halide‐ligand exchange and Cu and Ag doping are studied on structural, optical, and electrical properties of four monolayer CdSe nanoplatelet (NPL) and NPL thin films. Combinational study shows that NH4Cl‐treatment on CdSe NPL and NPL thin films show tetragonal lattice distortion of NPL, side‐to‐side attachment between NPLs, bathochromic shift in absorption spectra, and complete quenching of band‐edge and dopant‐induced emissions. First‐principle calculations reveal that Cl creates states below valence band maximum while Ag and Cu dopants create acceptor‐like states, explaining the change of their optical property. Field‐effect transistors are fabricated to investigate the effect of doping and reduced interplatelet distance on electrical properties of CdSe NPL thin films, demonstrating Cu and Ag dopants mitigate n‐type character of CdSe NPL thin films. Temperature‐dependent electrical characterization is conducted to further understand charge transport behavior depending on the existence of dopants. This work provides scientific information on the influence of surface chemistry and impurity doping on quantum confined semiconductors and new directions for the design of high‐performance nanomaterial‐based electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Robinow syndrome in an extremely preterm infant: Novel homozygous ROR2 variant detected by rapid exome sequencing
Authors: McDermott Helen , Robinson Hannah K. , Caswell Richard , Gowda Harsha , Offiah Amaka , Naik Swati 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn extremely preterm infant presented with clinical and radiological features of Robinow syndrome including butterfly vertebrae, posterior rib fusion, brachydactyly, nail hypoplasia, and retromicrognathia resulting in difficult endotracheal intubation in the intensive care setting. Rapid trio exome sequencing detected a novel homozygous likely pathogenic missense variant in the ROR2 gene, NM_004560.3:c.950A>G, p.(Tyr317Cys), for which both parents were heterozygous carriers. In‐silico protein modeling predicted a deleterious effect on the function of the protein. We report an extreme premature infant with novel homozygous likely pathogenic variant in the ROR2 gene consistent with autosomal recessive Robinow syndrome. This case expands the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of this disorder and highlights the benefit of performing rapid exome sequencing early during evaluation to aid in patient management and providing accurate genetic counseling to families.
Synthesis of Mono β‐Pyrrole Substituted Triphyrin(2.1.1)s
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Sinha Avisikta , Ravikanth Mangalampalli 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA series of ten mono β‐substituted triphyrin(2.1.1)s were synthesized by coupling mono β‐bromo triphyrin(2.1.1) with appropriate boronic acid in THF/toluene/water (1 : 1 : 1) in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd(PPh3)4 in 17–67% yields. Different boronic acids such as methyl, phenyl, p‐tolyl, p‐anisyl, p‐fluorophenyl, p‐chlorophenyl, 3‐thienyl, 3‐pyridyl, 4‐pyridyl, p‐biphenyl boronic acids were used. This synthetic approach to β‐substituted triphyrin(2.1.1)s was facile. The mono‐β‐substituted triphyrin(2.1.1)s were characterized and studied by mass spectrometry, NMR, absorption, electrochemical and DFT/TD‐DFT techniques. The spectral studies indicated slight alterations in their electronic properties due to presence of an alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl substituent at the β‐pyrrole carbon. DFT studies indicated that the pyrrole ring which was substituted with alkyl group at its β‐position exhibited more deviation compared to the other two pyrroles of triphyrin(2.1.1) macrocycle from the mean plane. However, the β‐aryl/heteroaryl substituted pyrrole showed less deviation from the mean plane and overall β‐aryl/heteroaryl macrocycle was planar. Furthermore, the studies also supported the participation of a β‐substituent with π‐delocalization of triphyrin(2.1.1). TD‐DFT studies support the experimental observations.
A Low‐Strain Phosphate Cathode for High‐Rate and Ultralong Cycle‐Life Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liao Jiaying , Chen Cailing , Hu Qiao , Du Yichen , He Yanan , Xu Yifan , Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Zhou Xiaosi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMost potassium‐ion battery (PIB) cathode materials have deficient structural stability because of the huge radius of potassium ion, leading to inferior cycling performance. We report the controllable synthesis of a novel low‐strain phosphate material K3(VO)(HV2O3)(PO4)2(HPO4) (denoted KVP) nanorulers as an efficient cathode for PIBs. The as‐synthesized KVP nanoruler cathode exhibits an initial reversible capacity of 80.6 mAh g−1 under 20 mA g−1, with a large average working potential of 4.11 V. It also manifests an excellent rate property of 54.4 mAh g−1 under 5 A g−1, with a high capacity preservation of 92.1 % over 2500 cycles. The outstanding potassium storage capability of KVP nanoruler cathode originates from a low‐strain K+ uptake/removal mechanism, inherent semiconductor characteristic, and small K+ migration energy barrier. The high energy density and prolonged cyclic stability of KVP nanorulers//polyaniline‐intercalated layered titanate full battery verifies the superiority of KVP nanoruler cathode in PIBs.
Loss of a freshwater copepod species from El Junco Lake, Galápagos following the introduction and eradication of the Nile tilapia
Authors: López Carlos , Steinitz‐Kannan Miriam , Domínguez‐Granda Luis , Soto Luz Marina , Gomes‐Barbosa Luciana , Karpowicz Maciej , dos Santos‐Silva Edinaldo Nelson , Arcifa Marlene Sofia , Marrone Federico 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

An undescribed diaptomid copepod probably belonging to a new Mastigodiaptomus species has been discovered and was very abundant in El Junco Lake (San Cristóbal Island, Ecuador) from 1966 until 2004. The species was not found in samples from 2007, 2008 or 2018.
The loss of this key species from the lake coincides with the illegal introduction of Nile tilapia to El Junco Lake in 2005 and its subsequent eradication in 2008.
The disappearance of this biogeographically and ecologically important copepod population may be explained by direct mechanisms of predation and competition, by a combination of both processes, and by indirect mechanisms linked to alterations in the lake ecosystem.
The effects of fish eradication using rotenone may have contributed to the loss of the diaptomid population and to preventing its recovery.
This article discusses the search for sources of propagules for recolonization and possible reintroduction scenarios and procedures.
Maternal prenatal selenium levels and child risk of neurodevelopmental disorders: A prospective birth cohort study
Authors: Lee Ashley Sang Eun , Ji Yuelong , Raghavan Ramkripa , Wang Guoying , Hong Xiumei , Pearson Colleen , Mirolli Gabrielle , Bind Eric , Steffens Andrew , Mukherjee Jhindan , Haltmeier Douglas , Fan Zhihua ( Tina) , Wang Xiaobin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelenium (Se) is an essential trace element involved in various biological processes, including neurodevelopment. Available literature indicates that both Se deficiency and excess may be detrimental to health. It is also known that Se can cross the placenta from maternal to fetal circulation. To date, the role of maternal Se status in child long‐term neurodevelopment is largely unexplored. This study investigated the temporal and dose–response associations between maternal Se status and child risk of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It consisted of 1550 mother–infant dyads from the Boston Birth Cohort. Maternal red blood cell (RBC) Se levels were measured in samples collected within 72 h of delivery (biomarker of third trimester Se status). Pediatric neurodevelopmental diagnoses were obtained from electronic medical records. Data analyses showed that maternal RBC Se levels were positively associated with child risk of developing ASD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.49 for ASD (95% CI: 1.09, 2.02) per IQR increase in Se. There was also a positive association between maternal Se and ADHD (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.56, per IQR increase in Se). These associations remained robust even after adjusting for pertinent covariables; and there was no significant interaction between Se and these covariables. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to high maternal Se levels may adversely affect child neurodevelopment. Our findings warrant further investigation; if confirmed, optimizing maternal prenatal Se levels may be necessary to maximize its health benefits while preventing undue risk.Lay SummarySelenium (Se) is an essential nutrient for the health of the pregnant mother and her baby. While Se can readily cross the placenta from maternal to fetal circulation, little is known about maternal Se status on her child's neurodevelopmental outcomes. We studied over 1500 mother–child dyads from birth to school age of the child. We found that babies born from mothers with high blood Se levels may be at increased risk of developing autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Given this is the first study of the kind, more study is needed to confirm our findings.
Lead pipe andlead–tinsolder scale formation and structure: A conceptual model
Authors: Snoeyink Vernon L. , Tang Min , Lytle Darren A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLead–tin solder and lead service lines (LSLs) are important sources of lead, and after LSLs are removed, lead–tin solder will remain a major source of lead. A better understanding of the factors that control lead release from solder joints can help water utilities reduce lead. This paper reviews the reactions that take place at galvanic connections involving both lead–tin solder and lead pipe in contact with copper. A conceptual model based on these reactions was developed and is presented here to explain how such scale structure forms. The likely reactions that affect lead release for each of three cases, (1) no galvanic action, (2) lead anode and copper–brass cathode, and (3) lead cathode and copper–brass anode, are presented. The model also considers uniform corrosion that takes place on LSLs. This model should be useful when evaluating the impact of water quality changes on lead release from galvanic connections and LSLs.Article Impact StatementThe conceptual model sets the basis for water systems to anticipate the impact of water quality changes on lead release from lead surfaces.
Magnetic levitation assisted biofabrication, culture, and manipulation of 3D cellular structures using a ring magnet based setup
Authors: Anil‐Inevi Muge , Delikoyun Kerem , Mese Gulistan , Tekin H. Cumhur , Ozcivici Engin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDiamagnetic levitation is an emerging technology for remote manipulation of cells in cell and tissue level applications. Low‐cost magnetic levitation configurations using permanent magnets are commonly composed of a culture chamber physically sandwiched between two block magnets that limit working volume and applicability. This work describes a single ring magnet‐based magnetic levitation system to eliminate physical limitations for biofabrication. Developed configuration utilizes sample culture volume for construct size manipulation and long‐term maintenance. Furthermore, our configuration enables convenient transfer of liquid or solid phases during the levitation. Before biofabrication, we first calibrated/ the platform for levitation with polymeric beads, considering the single cell density range of viable cells. By taking advantage of magnetic focusing and cellular self‐assembly, millimeter‐sized 3D structures were formed and maintained in the system allowing easy and on‐site intervention in cell culture with an open operational space. We demonstrated that the levitation protocol could be adapted for levitation of various cell types (i.e., stem cell, adipocyte and cancer cell) representing cells of different densities by modifying the paramagnetic ion concentration that could be also reduced by manipulating the density of the medium. This technique allowed the manipulation and merging of separately formed 3D biological units, as well as the hybrid biofabrication with biopolymers. In conclusion, we believe that this platform will serve as an important tool in broad fields such as bottom‐up tissue engineering, drug discovery and developmental biology.