bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spoken Word Learning in Children With Developmental Language Disorder or Dyslexia
Authors: Adlof Suzanne M. , Baron Lauren S. , Bell Bethany A. , Scoggins Joanna 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Word learning difficulties have been documented in multiple studies involving children with dyslexia and developmental language disorder (DLD; see also specific language impairment). However, no previous studies have directly contrasted word learning in these two frequently co-occurring disorders. We examined word learning in second-grade students with DLD-only and dyslexia-only as compared to each other, peers with both disorders (DLD + dyslexia), and peers with typical development. We hypothesized that children with dyslexia-only and DLD-only would show differences in word learning due to differences in their core language strengths and weaknesses.

Method

Children (
N
= 244) were taught eight novel pseudowords paired with unfamiliar objects. The teaching script included multiple exposures to the phonological form, the pictured object, a verbal semantic description of the object, and spaced retrieval practice opportunities. Word learning was assessed immediately after instruction with tasks requiring recall or recognition of the phonological and semantic information.

Results
Children with dyslexia-only performed significantly better on existing vocabulary measures than their peers with DLD-only. On experimental word learning measures, children in the dyslexia-only and DLD + dyslexia groups showed significantly poorer performance than typically developing children on all word learning tasks. Children with DLD-only differed significantly from the TD group on a single word learning task assessing verbal semantic recall.

Conclusions
Overall, results indicated that children with dyslexia display broad word learning difficulties extending beyond the phonological domain; however, this contrasted with their relatively strong performance on measures of existing vocabulary knowledge. More research is needed to understand relations between word learning abilities and overall vocabulary knowledge and how to close vocabulary gaps for children with both disorders.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14832717
Stability and robust performance analysis of grid‐connected inverter with high‐order filter: Resonances beyond the Nyquist frequency
Authors: Koiwa Kenta , Kuribayashi Toru , Zanma Tadanao , Liu Kang‐Zhi , Natori Kenji , Sato Yukihiko 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFilters are inevitable for grid‐connected inverters to attenuate the current harmonics caused by the pulse width modulation which is usually used in power conversion systems. High‐order filters have attracted much attention because they attenuate the current harmonics effectively. Nevertheless, the high‐order filters have some resonances which cause instability of the system. In addition, the resonance frequencies shift to high as the inductors and capacitors are smaller. It implies that the resonance frequencies may be beyond the Nyquist frequency in downsizing the filter. This complicates the stability and performance analyses of the system. This paper investigates rigorous input–output stability and analyses a robust performance based on the sampled‐data control theory regardless of whether the resonance frequencies are beyond the Nyquist frequency or not. Our analysis contributes to downsizing the filter synthesis while the stability and the robustness are guaranteed even if the resonance frequencies are beyond the Nyquist frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulations and experiments.
Design and implementation of three‐dimensional electrospinning machine
Authors: Pattanapiboon Werachai , Nakmahachalasint Paiboon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, a three‐dimensional (3D) electrospinning machine is designed and implemented as a new type of delta 3D printer that incorporates the fabrication of textiles directly into the 3D printing process. The newly designed 3D machine enables custom‐shaped electrospun nanofibre sheets to be fabricated in a single process. The implemented prototype allows controllable nozzle movements in 3D space. Four design patterns are successfully fabricated using a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution at an 18% weight concentration. The microscopic properties of the electrospun patterns are verified via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the fibre morphology. The SEM image at 14.5 kV shows that the PVDF electrospun nanofibres appear smooth and uniform with varying diameters in the range of 700–400 nm.
Deep social force network for anomaly event detection
Authors: Yang Xingming , Wang Zhiming , Wu Kewei , Xie Zhao , Hou Jinkui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAnomaly event detection is vital in surveillance video analysis. However, how to learn the discriminative motion in the crowd scene is still not tackled. Here, a deep social force network by exploiting both social force extracting and deep motion coding is proposed. Given a grid of particles with velocity provided by the optical flow, the interaction force in the crowd scene is investigated and a social force module is embedded in a deep network. A deep motion convolution was further designed with a 3D (DMC‐3D) module. The DMC‐3D not only eliminates the noise motion in the crowd scene with a spatial encoder–decoder but also learns the 3D feature with a spatio‐temporal encoder. The deep social force coding is modelled with multiple features, in which each feature can describe specific anomaly motion. The experiments on UCF‐Crime and ShanghaiTech datasets demonstrate that our method can predict the temporal localization of anomaly events and outperform the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Theoretical and numerical studies on multi‐physical issues of space parabolic membrane antennas
Authors: Li Ming‐Jian , Li Meng , Liu Yu‐Fei , Cui Cheng‐Bo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFront‐fed parabolic reflectors are among the most commonly used antennas in the industry. While in spaceborne applications, membrane reflectors are very promising due to their lightweight and foldable features. However, considering the large size, small thickness and low stiffness, solar radiation and microwave radiation will have considerable influences on the antennas’ shape accuracy as well as the radiation characteristics. In this article, a theoretical approach is presented to solve the multi‐physical effects of the parabolic antenna. The deformation of the reflector is derived by the shallow shell theory, taking into account the solar pressure, the microwave pressure and the thermal effects due to solar and microwave heating. The far‐field electromagnetic radiation pattern is then obtained by considering the deformation of the reflector. On the other hand, a numerical approach combining the finite element method, the multi‐level fast multipole method, and the large element physical optics is also presented. Numerical examples suggest good agreement between the theoretical and numerical results. The methods have been applied into the analysis of design models in the Space Solar Power Station project. Also, these approaches can be directly extended into other space membrane reflector antennas.
DC‐side current compensation control in the rectifier terminal for power variations in back‐to‐back converters
Authors: Jiang Yuxia , Tian Yanjun , Li Yonggang , Wang Fei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBack‐to‐back (BTB) converters, which consist of an AC/DC rectifier cascaded with a DC/AC inverter, have been widely adopted in the interconnection of power systems. The DC link, being the interface between the rectifier and inverter terminals, is susceptible to disturbances, particularly from power fluctuations. Regardless of the magnitude of power or changes in the power flow direction, stability degradation will occur. To lessen the influence of power, a DC‐link current compensation control scheme is proposed and applied to the rectifier terminal. The proposed scheme reduces the DC link impedance gain of the rectifier terminal to balance the impedance at both ends, and thus enhance stability and controllability. The scheme is applied to a BTB converter to improve the system's resistance to disturbance, regardless of variations in power magnitude or power flow direction. The accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme are verified using simulations and a scaled‐down experimental setup.
Probing protoplanetary disk evolution in the Chamaeleon II region
Authors: Villenave M. , Ménard F. , Dent W. R. F. , Benisty M. , van der Plas G. , Williams J. P. , Ansdell M. , Ribas Á. , Caceres C. , Canovas H. , Cieza L. , Hales A. , Kamp I. , Pinte C. , Principe D. A. , Schreiber M. R. 
Published: June 2021

Context. Characterizing the evolution of protoplanetary disks is necessary to improve our understanding of planet formation. Constraints on both dust and gas are needed to determine the dominant disk dissipation mechanisms.
Aims. We aim to compare the disk dust masses in the Chamaeleon II (Cha II) star-forming region with other regions with ages between 1 and 10 Myr.
Methods. We use ALMA band 6 observations (1.3 mm) to survey 29 protoplanetary disks in Cha II. Dust mass estimates are derived from the continuum data.
Results. Out of our initial sample of 29 disks, we detect 22 sources in the continuum, 10 in 12CO, 3 in 13CO, and none in C18O (J = 2−1). Additionally, we detect two companion candidates in the continuum and 12CO emission. Most disk dust masses are lower than 10 M⊕, assuming thermal emission from optically thin dust. Including non-detections, we derive a median dust mass of 4.5 ± 1.5 M⊕ from survival analysis. We compare consistent estimations of the distributions of the disk dust mass and the disk-to-stellar mass ratios in Cha II with six other low mass and isolated star-forming regions in the age range of 1–10 Myr: Upper Sco, CrA, IC 348, Cha I, Lupus, and Taurus. When comparing the dust-to-stellar mass ratio, we find that the masses of disks in Cha II are statistically different from those in Upper Sco and Taurus, and we confirm that disks in Upper Sco, the oldest region of the sample, are statistically less massive than in all other regions. Performing a second statistical test of the dust mass distributions from similar mass bins, we find no statistical differences between these regions and Cha II.
Conclusions. We interpret these trends, most simply, as a sign of decline in the disk dust masses with time or dust evolution. Different global initial conditions in star-forming regions may also play a role, but their impact on the properties of a disk population is difficult to isolate in star-forming regions lacking nearby massive stars.
Study of two interacting interplanetary coronal mass ejections encountered by Solar Orbiter during its first perihelion passage
Authors: Telloni D. , Scolini C. , Möstl C. , Zank G. P. , Zhao L.-L. , Weiss A. J. , Reiss M. A. , Laker R. , Perrone D. , Khotyaintsev Y. , Steinvall K. , Sorriso-Valvo L. , Horbury T. S. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. F. , Bruno R. , D’Amicis R. , De Marco R. , Jagarlamudi V. K. , Carbone F. , Marino R. , Stangalini M. , Nakanotani M. , Adhikari L. , Liang H. , Woodham L. D. , Davies E. E. , Hietala H. , Perri S. , Gómez-Herrero R. , Rodríguez-Pacheco J. , Antonucci E. , Romoli M. , Fineschi S. , Maksimovic M. , Souček J. , Chust T. , Kretzschmar M. , Vecchio A. , Müller D. , Zouganelis I. , Winslow R. M. , Giordano S. , Mancuso S. , Susino R. , Ivanovski S. L. , Messerotti M. , O’Brien H. , Evans V. , Angelini V. 
Published: June 2021

Context.Solar Orbiter, the new-generation mission dedicated to solar and heliospheric exploration, was successfully launched on February 10, 2020, 04:03 UTC from Cape Canaveral. During its first perihelion passage in June 2020, two successive interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), propagating along the heliospheric current sheet (HCS), impacted the spacecraft.Aims.This paper addresses the investigation of the ICMEs encountered by Solar Orbiter on June 7−8, 2020, from both an observational and a modeling perspective. The aim is to provide a full description of those events, their mutual interaction, and their coupling with the ambient solar wind and the HCS.Methods.Data acquired by the MAG magnetometer, the Energetic Particle Detector suite, and the Radio and Plasma Waves instrument are used to provide information on the ICMEs’ magnetic topology configuration, their magnetic connectivity to the Sun, and insights into the heliospheric plasma environment where they travel, respectively. On the modeling side, the Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation model, the 3D COronal Rope Ejection technique, and the EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA) tool are used to complement Solar Orbiter observations of the ambient solar wind and ICMEs, and to simulate the evolution and interaction of the ejecta in the inner heliosphere, respectively.Results.Both data analysis and numerical simulations indicate that the passage of two distinct, dynamically and magnetically interacting (via magnetic reconnection processes) ICMEs at Solar Orbiter is a possible scenario, supported by the numerous similarities between EUHFORIA time series at Solar Orbiter and Solar Orbiter data.Conclusions.The combination of in situ measurements and numerical simulations (together with remote sensing observations of the corona and inner heliosphere) will significantly lead to a deeper understanding of the physical processes occurring during the CME-CME interaction.
Postoperative Dysphagieprävalenz bei Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten im akutstationären Setting
Authors: Goeze Almut , Zaretsky Eugen , Lehner Uta , Wermter Laura , Mayer Miriam , Stuck Boris A. , Birk Richard , Neff Andreas , Fisher Ingo , Stöver Timo , Kramer Sabine , Ghanaati Shahram , Sader Robert , Hey Christiane 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Dysphagie bildet eine häufige postoperative Funktionsbeeinträchtigung bei Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten. Diese kann in Aspiration bzw. Penetration sowie Oralisierungseinschränkung resultieren und ist dadurch häufig versorgungsrelevant. In dieser Studie wurden die Prävalenz einer postoperativen Dysphagie und der Zusammenhang zwischen Ausprägungsgrad und Tumorstadium, Tumorlokalisation, Patientenalter und -geschlecht im akutstationären Setting untersucht.Material und Methoden Prospektiv wurden 201 erwachsene Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten (Altersdurchschnitt 63 Jahre) in 2 Universitätskliniken hinsichtlich Penetration/Aspiration, Oralisierungseinschränkung und Versorgungsrelevanz direkt nach der operativen Tumorbehandlung via FEES untersucht. In uni- und multivariaten Berechnungen wurde zudem der Einfluss der o. g. Patientenmerkmale auf diese 3 Parameter analysiert.Ergebnisse Eine versorgungsrelevante Schluckstörung bestand bei 66,7 % (134/201) der Patienten. 57,2 % der Patienten benötigten eine Nasogastral- oder PEG-Sonde bei therapierelevanter Oralisierungseinschränkung, weitere 45,3 % aspirierten, 38,5 % von diesen still. Als signifikante Einflussfaktoren erwiesen sich ein höheres Tumorstadium und Patientenalter sowie männliches Geschlecht, die Tumorlokalisation dagegen nur marginal.Schlussfolgerungen Die Studienergebnisse demonstrieren die klinische Bedeutung und die Notwendigkeit der konsequenten und systematischen Versorgung postoperativer Schluckstörungen bei Kopf-Hals-Tumorpatienten im akutstationären Aufenthalt zur Komplettierung moderner onkologischer Therapie.
Outcomes of Fixed-Hinged Knee Prosthesis for Distal Femoral Osteosarcoma in Skeletally Immature Patients: First Results
Authors: Zhao Zhiqing , Yang Yi , Yan Taiqiang , Tang Xiaodong , Yang Rongli , Guo Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe best surgical choice for distal femur osteosarcoma in skeletally immature patients remains controversial. A fixed hinged knee prosthesis has been designed to preserve the growth plates in the adjacent tibia, expecting tibial growth to be continued. This study aims to report the (1) clinical outcomes after prosthetic replacement, (2) postoperative complications, and (3) length of discrepancy of the operative tibia with the unaffected tibia. Thirty-four skeletally immature patients (averaged 9 years at surgery; range, 5–12 years) with distal femoral osteosarcoma underwent placement of this hinged knee prosthesis between January 2015 and August 2018. Postoperative function and complications were assessed. Length discrepancy was measured using a series of full-length standing anteroposterior radiographs of the bilateral lower extremity. The average follow-up duration was 34 months (2.8 years). In the last follow-up, four patients expired because of pulmonary metastasis. Two patients presented with local recurrence of the soft tissue. Postoperatively, the flexion range of the knee joint range was between 100 and 130 degrees, with an average of 115.2 degrees. The mean functional score of living patients evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scoring system was 89.2% (range, 76.7–100%). Types 1 (three patients), 2 (one patient), 3 (two patients), and 5 (two patients) complications exist. Among them, three patients received revision surgery. The proximal tibial physis still grew after surgery, with an average of 74.3% (range, 30–100%) growth potential compared with the unaffected proximal tibial physis. Moreover, 27 children exhibited tibial length discrepancy compared with the contralateral tibia, and the mean discrepancy in tibial length was 1.1 cm (range, 0.2–3.1 cm). This hinged knee prosthesis can keep the growth potential in the adjacent tibia, provides satisfying functional outcomes, and has a lower postoperative complication rate. Thus, it could serve as an alternative intervention for distal femoral osteosarcoma in skeletally immature patients.
Recurrent Diabetic Ketoacidosis following Bariatric Surgery: The Role of Micronutrients
Authors: Moseley Philip , Ahmed Mohamed H , Owles Henry 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe report a case of a 29-year-old woman admitted twice to our hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) within 45 days following her bariatric surgery. The first admission required intensive care during her postoperative days after bariatric surgery. Subsequently, she continued to report high level of ketones on a daily basis. At her second admission, she presented with all three criteria of DKA. She was treated with a standard protocol for DKA, but ketones plasma level remained high despite significant improvement in pH and glycemic control. The administration of thiamine replacement was associated with normalization of the hyperketonemia. Thiamine deficiency can be associated with bariatric surgery and can lead to high ketone level in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
A New Arthroscopic Tightrope Suture-Button Fixation Procedure for Tibial Eminence Avulsion Fracture
Authors: Sun Changjiao , Du Ruiyong , Luo Song , Chen Lianxu , Ma Qi , Cai Xu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis case-series outcome study presents a new arthroscopic technique for tibial eminence avulsion fracture (TEAF) with double-tunnel using two tightrope suture buttons. From May 2017 to July 2020, we performed a new arthroscopic technique for TEAF with double tunnels, using two tightrope suture buttons on 13 patients. Clinical assessments included anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot shift tests, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm knee scores, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and range of motion (ROM). An independent observer noted conditions before surgery and during the last follow-up. The patients had an average follow-up of 26.2 months, ranging from 15 to 37 months. During the last postsurgical follow-up, the anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot shift tests were negative in all the cases. According to the IKDC, Lysholm, and VAS final scores, all patients presented a significant knee function improvement at last follow-ups compared with preoperatively. The study shows that satisfactory results about an anatomic reduction of the fragment, knee stability, function, and strength can be achieved with the new arthroscopic technique for TEAF with double tunnels using two tightrope suture buttons. This study is a therapeutic case series and its level of evidence is IV.
Elevation and land use as drivers of macroinvertebrate functional composition in Afromontane headwater streams
Authors: Yegon Mourine J. , Masese Frank O. , Sitati Augustine , Graf Wolfram 
Published: June 2021

Macroinvertebrates play a unique role in aquatic ecosystems by acting as processors of nutrients and organic energy from allochthonous and autochthonous sources. Within East Africa, and especially Kenya, anthropogenic influences on streams and rivers as a result of deforestation and the expansion of agricultural lands are pervasive. This study investigated land use v. altitudinal shifts in the functional composition of macroinvertebrates within the Mount Elgon catchment in western Kenya. A total of 20 sampling sites in 12 streams, 10 sites each within forested and agricultural areas, located in 3 elevation categories were sampled for physicochemical water parameters and macroinvertebrates. Significant (P < 0.05) spatial variation was observed in total suspended solids, coarse particulate organic matter, temperature and electrical conductivity between forested and agricultural sites. Shredder biomass and abundance was higher in forested streams at higher elevations. There was a significant increase in the abundance (of shredders, predators, collector filterers and gatherers), taxon richness (of shredders, predators and scrapers) and biomass (of shredders, collector filterers and gatherers) of functional feeding groups with increasing elevation. Data of near-natural sites are urgently needed to disentangle altitude and land use influences on the diversity and composition of aquatic communities in high-elevation streams in the tropics.
Spatial constraints in large-scale expansion of wind power plants
Authors: Antonini Enrico G. A. , Caldeira Ken 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Wind comprised 6.1% of worldwide electricity generation in 2020. If this share is to substantially grow to decarbonize electricity systems, the size of future wind farms may extend far beyond that of current installations. The spatial scale of a wind farm affects both its mean generation per unit of land and the extension of wake shadowing on neighboring plants. As spatial scales increase, mean generation decreases and wake extension increases. Here, we characterize spatial constraints in the large-scale expansion of wind power plants to address the following: 1) How large a wind farm can be before its generation reaches energy replenishment limits, and 2) How far apart large wind farms must be spaced to avoid inter–wind-farm interference.
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4 of the absorbed dose to water standards of the GUM, Poland and the BIPM in 60Co gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D , Knyziak A , Szymko M , Derlaciński M 
Published: June 2021

Main text
A first key comparison of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the Główny Urząd Miar (GUM), Poland and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co radiation beam of the BIPM during June-July 2020. The comparison result, based on the calibration coefficients for two transfer standards and evaluated as a ratio of the GUM and the BIPM standards for absorbed dose to water, is 1.0030 with a combined standard uncertainty of 3.5 parts in 103. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).