bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of early clinical exposure in improving attitude and professional skills of medical students in current Indian medical education set up
Authors: Tayade Motilal C. , Giri Purushottam A. , Latti Ramchandra G. 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
As a part of education reforms Medical Council of India has introduced early clinical exposure (ECE) as an important intervention in Medical teaching. It is stated in the literature, ECE helps to relieve stress of the students pertaining to patient handling, developing real-time clinical reasoning ability, communication skills, professional attitude, and patient empathy. With this view, this study was planned to assess effectiveness of early clinical exposure in improving attitude and professional skills in the current Indian medical education set up.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 820 students for three years duration. Students were randomly divided into two groups viz. ECE exposed group (Group A) and Traditional teaching exposed group (Group B). We conducted periodical sessions (Each duration: 60 minutes). We used a validated 10-point questionnaire for feedback collection.

Results:
Using perception-based 10-point questionnaire based on Likert scale we found, 93.21% of students strongly agreed that the method of ECE teaching aroused interest in learning. 86.03% of students strongly agreed that the method of ECE teaching technique helped in better retention of topic. 89.91% of students strongly agreed that the method of ECE teaching imparts better clinical context. 92.75% of students strongly agreed that the method of ECE teaching allows better assimilation of knowledge gained during learning. With ECE-based teaching 87.42% of students found highly satisfied while 81.22% of students found highly competent about the knowledge and skills thus acquired via this teaching methodology. 95.11% of students liked ECE teaching methodology and these students enjoyed it a lot and with interest.

Conclusion:
This study concluded that early clinical exposure is the most important teaching tool in improving attitude and professional skills in the current Indian medical education set up.
Daily self-regulation with biofeedback to improve stress and job satisfaction in a primary care clinic
Authors: Orlando Frank A. , Rahmanian kiarash P. , Byrd Charles E. , Chang ku-Lang , Yang Yang , Carek Peter J. , Lupi Maria Elisa 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Burnout in healthcare professions is higher than other careers. An undesirable work-life balance has resulted in declining job satisfaction among primary care physicians. Biofeedback devices teach self-regulation techniques, which reduce stress and increase resilience.

Objectives:
We assessed whether self-regulation with biofeedback is effective at decreasing stress and improving job satisfaction among primary care clinicians and nurses.

Methods:
Two naturally occurring cohorts of clinicians and nurses were followed over 12 weeks. The treatment group (N = 9) completed 12 weeks of self-regulation with optional clinic-based biofeedback and received peer support for the first half. The control group (N = 9) started a delayed intervention after 6 weeks without peer support. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted.

Results:
The treatment group averaged one biofeedback session weekly for 6 min and the control group two sessions for 11 min. Adherence differed by age. Subjects also reported using self-regulation techniques without biofeedback. Perceived stress initially increased in both groups with intervention implementation, more so in the treatment group (P = 0.03) whose stress then decreased but was not significant. Overall and extrinsic job satisfaction similarly increased but were not significance.

Conclusion:
The initial increase in perceived stress was related to daily biofeedback adherence and clinic responsibilities. Treatment group stress then decreased with self-regulation but was difficult to quantify in a small cohort. Larger studies could increase daily self-regulation adherence by improving biofeedback accessibility for leisurely use. Using self-regulation with biofeedback may be an innovative approach to reduce stress and improve job satisfaction in primary care.
Molecular and genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus among multitransfused thalassaemia patients in Islamabad, Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Ahmad , Waheed Usman , Saba Noore , kaleem Muhammad , Majeed Najma , Wazeer Akhlaaq , Cheema Naila Arif , Ahmed Saeed , Arshad Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the aetiological agent of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis globally. Beta thalassaemia major individuals are at greater risk of contracting HBV infection due to multiple blood transfusions required for the medical management of these patients. Based on HBV genetic variability, it is divided into 10 genotypes. The determination of HBV genotypes has significant implications for clinical management and treatment regimens.

Aim:
This study was performed to assess the HBV epidemiology and circulating genotypes in multi-transfused β-thalassemia major patients with the aim to be considered while formulating the treatment pattern taking into account particular needs of thalassaemia patients.

Materials and Methods:
This study was performed from September 2018 to June 2019, at the Department of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (SZAB) Medical University, Islamabad. A total of 2,260 thalassaemia patients were enrolled in the study. The study was endorsed by the Ethics Committee of the SZAB Medical University, Islamabad. The samples were serologically screened for HBsAg on the LIAISON® XL Murex HBsAg Quant assay (DiaSorin S.p.A., Italy) a chemiluminescence based immunoassay (CLIA). HBV quantitative PCR kit was used to measure the HBV DNA in serum samples. The HBV genotypes were determined using universal primers targeting the P1 and S1 region amplification.

Results:
Of 2,260 thalassaemia patients, 64.6% were males while 35.4% were females. The HBsAg was identified in 98 individuals (4.33%). The PCR analysis was done for these 98 patients and in this cohort, genotype D was 59.18% (n = 58), genotype A was 21.42% (n = 21) while genotype C was 19.38% (n = 19).

Conclusion:
The determination of HBV genotypes in the multi-transfused patients is key to the effective management of chronic HBV patients as the severity and course of the disease is dependent on a specific type of genotypes. Quality assured screening of donated blood will prevent the incidence of HBV in thalassaemia patients.
Impact of hand hygiene intervention on hand washing ability of school-aged children
Authors: khan Samreen , Ashraf Hiba , Iftikhar Sundus , Baig-Ansari Naila 
Published: February 2021

Background:
To assess the current knowledge related to hand washing and efficiency of intervention on hand washing techniques amongst school children.

Methodology:
A randomized control trial was conducted amongst class II students of a private school in korangi, karachi. Pre-intervention assessment including baseline knowledge and observed practices of hand washing in comparison with World Health Organization (WHO) standard hand washing techniques was done. This was followed by education and demonstration of proper hand washing steps by principal investigator utilizing visual aids. Participants were then randomized into two group: Group A (education only group) and Group B (education along with glow gel application group). First post-intervention assessment was conducted on same day where both groups were observed for the hand washing steps and scored for hand washing technique. In addition, participants of group B were shown germs under Ultraviolet (UV) light. School was revisited after 1 week later and participants were reassessed for their hand washing technique along with cleanliness grade after applying glow gel and observing under UV light. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.

Result:
No significant differences were found in median hand washing scores pre-intervention between both the groups (Group A vs B: 4 vs 5, P value = 0.659), while significant improvement in median hand washing scores was seen post intervention in group B as compared to group A (7 vs 6, P value = 0.011). However, no significant differences were seen in median hand washing scores at follow-up between both the groups (Group A vs B: 9 vs 8.5, P value = 0.715) but a significant improvement was observed in both the groups in the hand washing practices from baseline (P-value = 0.000). On the contrary, no significant differences were found in median cleanliness grade between both the groups (Median for both the groups was 5, P value = 0.695).

Conclusions:
Hand washing education utilizing various aids is an effective method to improve children's hand washing capability. This short-term intervention was effective even in absence of glow gel, but no cleanliness of hands was observed in both the groups.
Utility and perceptions about web-based academics among physicians during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bhattarai Dharmagat , Sharma Abhishek , Sengupta Parama 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Coronaviral disease-19 is the global challenge for medical fraternity and public health sector. Need of social distancing has compelled physicians and surgeons to continue medical education through virtual mode like webinar.

Objective:
To study the perceptions, practice and preferences of medical residents and professionals about webinar-based teaching.

Methods:
An internet-based google-sheet questionnaire was circulated via email and social media for opining different facts about webinar-based teaching. Responses were analysed further to find the facts and preferences.

Results:
Our study showed that majority of participants found webinars as a useful and sustainable mode of teaching however some of them felt it as an overdone action resulting in unnecessary stress.

Conclusion:
Teaching through virtual mode (e.g. webinar) is definitely a valuable tool for medical education especially during the need of social distancing. Its frequency, quantity, and quality should be monitored properly for the optimum outcome.
Mental health literacy among secondary school female students in Abha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abonassir Alhanouf Ali , Siddiqui Aesha Farheen , Abadi Safar A. , Al-Garni Abdulaziz Mohamme , Alhumayed Razan Suliman , Tirad Reem Saeed , Almotairi Shahad Abdulrahman , Mohammed Asiri Ahad Essa , Ibraheem Asiri Fatimah Yahya , Alshahran Nojoud Zoraib , Abonassir Bassam Ali 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Worldwide, mental health is a big problem and Saudi Arabia is not far behind in observing this. It seems that progress in the field of mental health is slow. Interventions in mental health education have resulted in positive results. Participation by family members, sensitization to care and social integration include some of methods believed to target understanding and counter stigma surrounding mental illness.

Aim:
To assess mental health literacy among female students of secondary schools in Abha city, kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methodology:
A descriptive cross-sectional study from May 2019 to 2020 was conducted at the female governmental secondary schools in Abha sector. A total sample of 350 female students from a total of 5000 students were included. Sampled students were selected from secondary schools using probability proportionate to size using two stage cluster sample technique. Data were collected from students directly using pre-structured questionnaire. The researchers created the study questionnaire after extensive literature review and expert consultation.

Results:
Almost half (48.9%) study participants had good awareness of the signs and indications of anxiety and depression. Loss of confidence and poor self-esteem were identified as signs of depression by 81%, sleep disturbance by 77% and disturbed appetite by 76.2% participants. Parent's education level and occupation, participant's educational performance and family living arrangement were significantly related with their awareness in univariate analysis. Father's education level (ORA = 1.45), maternal engagement with occupation (ORA = 4.18) and participant living with parents (ORA = 5.4) were identified as predictors of mental health awareness. Social media was reported as the most common source of awareness. The approach towards individuals with mental illness were helpful.

Conclusions and recommendations:
In conclusion, the study revealed that secondary school students had satisfactory awareness level regarding mental health and its impact. They exhibited positive attitude towards friendship with person having mental illness.
Post-abortion care services at Red Sea State – Sudan
Authors: Satti Ismail , Satti Marwa Y. , Salim Nahid A. , Mahmoud Abdalhafeez O. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Although there are safe and effective methods of abortion, unsafe abortions still widely spread, mainly in underdeveloped countries.

Objective:
Study of post abortion care services at Red Sea State to address rate and utilization of post-abortion care package.

Methods:
This is a descriptive (observational hospital-based study), conducted at Port Sudan Maternity hospital (May 2018–May 2019). The sample included all patients with inevitable and incomplete miscarriage.

Results:
The total admissions to emergency in gynaecological department during the study period was 9525 cases, of them 1077 cases of abortion, hence the rate was 11.3%. Spontaneous onset occurred in 631 (58.6%) and induced in 446 (41.4%). Surprisingly very few surgical evacuations done in 2 (0.2%). 710 (66.1%) evacuated by Misoprostol and MVA done for 362 (33.7%). Patients who received family planning and counseling were 223 (20.7%).

Conclusion:
in conclusion the rate of abortion was 11.3%, high incidence of induced abortion and high non-surgical evacuation. Utilization of care package is reasonable.
Clinical Performance and Analytical Sensitivity of Three SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Tests
Authors: Freire-Paspuel Byron , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTHundreds of RT-qPCR kits are available in the market for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, some of them with emergency use authorization (EUA) by the Food Drug Administration (FDA) or their country of origin agency, but also many of them without any independent clinical performance evaluation. We performed a clinical evaluation for two Chinese SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR kits available in South America, COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Test Kit (eDiagnosis Biomedicine, Wuhan, China) and 2019-nCoV Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Kit (Sansure Biotech, Changsha, China), for RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis using the FDA EUA 2019-nCoV CDC kit (IDT, Coralville, IA) as gold standard. We found an excellent clinical performance and analytical sensitivity for both kits with sensitivity values of 100% and 95.3% and estimated limit of detection of 500 copies/mL and 1,000 copies/mL, for eDiagnosis and Sansure Biotech kits, respectively. COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Test Kit (eDiagnosis) and 2019-nCoV Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Kit (Sansure Biotech) are both made in China and hold EUA by the Chinese CDC. Also, Sansure Biotech kit has EUA by the FDA. In conclusion, our results endorse the use of these two commercially available kits imported to Ecuador for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, as they had the similar clinical performance as the gold standard from the CDC.
DESAIN MEJA KERJA STAF ADMINISTRASI SMAN 7 SAMARINDA
Authors: Adam M. Wakhid Bryan , Shyafary Darius 
Published: February 2021

Abstrak
Meja adalah salah satu furniture yang memiliki permukaan datar dan bagian bawahnya disokong oleh empat kaki dan memiliki sebuah laci. Yang dimaksud dengan meja kerja adalah suatu produk yang digunakan oleh direktur, staf maupun pegawai sebagai alas untuk menyelesaikan pekerjaan kantor. Dalam pekerjaan seorang Staf Administrasi SMAN 7 Samarinda pastinya menggunakan sebuah meja yang dapat memenuhi semua kebutuhan dalam bekerja, Salah satunya adalah tempat penyimpanan berkas pekerjaan dan memiliki ukuran yang sesuai dengan ruangan yang ada. Saat ini Staf Administrasi SMAN 7 Samarinda memiliki meja kerja yang ada pada umumnya, akan tetapi memiliki kondisi yang kurang memadahi seperti halnya pada laci penyimpanan berkas yang rusak atau bolong serta belum adanya modifikasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan penggunanya dalam hal kenyamanan dan fungsionalnya. Dengan kondisi tersebut si pengguna itu sendiri harus meletakkan berkas-berkas pekerjaan diatas meja. Dengan metode yang sudah dilakukan di antaranya, prelimanary design, design development dan final design, maka didapatkan hasil akhir perancangan meja kerja staf Administrasi SMAN 7 Samarinda yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan konsumen dan kenyamanan pada saat digunakan serta diperlukan modifikasi. Dengan dibuatnya Meja Kerja ini dapat membantu aktivitas pekerjaan Staf Administrasi SMAN 7 Samarinda.
Kata Kunci : meja,meja kerja, minimalis.

Abstract
A table is one of the furniture that has a flat surface and the bottom is supported by four legs and has a drawer. What is meant by a work desk is a product that is used by directors, staff and employees as a base for completing office work. In the work of an Administrative Staff of SMAN 7 Samarinda, of course, using a table that can fulfill all the needs of work, one of which is a file storage job and has a size that matches the existing room. Currently the SMAN 7 Samarinda Administrative Staff has an existing work desk in general, but has less adequate conditions such as in damaged or perforated file storage drawers and there has been no modification in accordance with the user's needs in terms of comfort and functionality. Under these conditions the user himself must put the work files on the table. With the methods that have been carried out including, data collection, data analysis, and final design, the final results of the design of the SMAN 7 Samarinda Administration staff work table are in accordance with consumer needs and convenience when used and modifications needed. With the creation of this Work Desk can help work activities Administrative Staff of SMAN 7 Samarinda.
Keywords: desk, work desk, minimalist.
PERENCANAAN POLIKLINIK JIWA DI SAMARINDA, PENEKANAN PADA ORGANISASI RUANG
Authors: Thamrin Nur Husniah , Hidayati Zakiah , Lestari Ayu 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
The Mental Polyclinic in Samarinda is a health facility that focuses on mental disorders, namely schizophrenia. The purpose of this design is to realize a health facility for people with schizophrenia with adequate facilities and infrastructure. The design of the polyclinic that supports the concept of spatial planning is space organization to provide convenience for its users. Given that the facilities and infrastructure needed for sufferers of mental disorders are important, therefore space organizations need to be considered well so as not to endanger patients. The architectural style used is modern tropical architecture to support the concept of a therapeutic garden that will be used to support the recovery of patients. This design uses field observations and interviews to obtain data and information. So that a site location is obtained that is in accordance with the design of the Soul Polyclinic with a strategic site for the location of trade and services in Samarinda City.
Keywords: Soul, polyclinic, space

ABSTRAK
Poliklinik Jiwa di Samarinda merupakan sebuah fasilitas kesehatan yang berfokus kepada gangguan jiwa yaitu skizofrenia. Adapun tujuan dari perancangan ini adalah untuk mewujudkan sebuah fasilitas kesehatan bagi penderita skizofrenia dengan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Perancangan poliklinik yang mendukung konsep penyusunan ruang yaitu organisasi ruang untuk memberikan kenyamanan bagi penggunanya. Mengingat bahwa sarana dan prasarana yang dibutuhkan bagi penderita gangguan jiwa merupakan hal yang penting, maka dari itu organisasi ruang perlu diperhatikan dengan baik agar tidak membahayakan pasien. Gaya arsitektur yang digunakan yaitu arsitektur modern tropis untuk mendukung konsep taman terapeutik yang akan digunakan untuk mendukung kesembuhan pasien.
Perancangan ini menggunakan observasi lapangan dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi. Sehingga diperoleh sebuah lokasi site yang sesuai dengan perancangan Poliklinik Jiwa dengan site yang strategis untuk lokasi perdagangan dan jasa di Kota Samarinda.
Kata kunci : jiwa, poliklinik, ruang
REDESIGN SMART TRAVELING BAG MULTIFUNGSI UNTUK BALITA DAN ORANG TUA
Authors: Anam Choirul , Permana Rizal Bagus 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK
Tas adalah barang yang sering dibawa oleh traveler yang sudah berkeluarga dan memiliki balita dengan mengendarai sepeda motor. Terdapat peralatan yang banyak sehingga dibutuhkan sebuah solusi untuk membawa perlengkapan balita dan perlengkapan orang tua apabila traveling sedang dilakukan selama empat jam. Smart Bag merupakan salah satu jenis tas yang berbentuk ransel yang memiliki berbagai fungsi yang sedang diminati untuk traveling dengan disertai beberapa teknologi yang nyaman saat digunakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pencarian data adalah mix metode, yaitu metode penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif (metode penelitian berdasarkan observasi dan wawancara) dan kuantitatif (metode penelitian berdasarkan hasil kuisioner). Menurut hasil survey, wawancara dan penyebaran kuisioner di dua tempat yaitu Waterpark Kenjeran Surabaya dan Kebun Binatang Surabaya. Kemudian dari hasil pengumpulan data tersebut diolah kembali dengan cara melakukan beberapa analisis-analisis terkait dengan kebutuhan dan permasalahan. Analisis yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan permasalahan yang ada di lingkungan yaitu analisis desain, analisis perilaku, analisis teknologi, analisis ergonomi dan antropometri, analisis kompetitor dan analisis layout penempatan.
Kata Kunci : Desain, Tas Pintar Multifungsi, Perjalanan, Orang Tua, Balita

ABSTRACT
Bags are items that are often taken by travelers who are married and have a toddler riding a motorcycle. There is a lot of equipment so that we need a solution to bring toddler equipment and parental equipment efficient when traveling is done for four hours. Smart Bag is one type of bag in the form of a backpack that has various functions that are in demand for traveling, accompanied by some comfortable technology when used. The method used in the search for data is a mix of methods, namely research methods that use qualitative approaches (research methods based on observations and interviews) and quantitative (research methods based on the results of the questionnaire). According to survey results, interviews and questionnaires in two places, namely Surabaya Kenjeran Waterpark and Surabaya Zoo. Then the results of the data collection are reprocessed by conducting several analyzes related to needs and problems. Analysis conducted to meet the needs and problems in the environment, namely design analysis, behavior analysis, technology analysis, ergonomics and anthropometry analysis, competitor analysis and placement layout analysis.
Keywords: design, multifunction smart bag, travel, parents, toddler