bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality in chronic viral hepatitis with concurrent fatty liver
Authors: Kim Mi Na , Han Kyungdo , Yoo Juhwan , Hwang Seong Gyu , Ahn Sang Hoon 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackgroundPopulation‐based data are lacking regarding whether fatty liver is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and mortality in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.AimTo investigate the association of fatty liver with HCC incidence and mortality in patients with chronic viral hepatitis using a nationwide cohortMethodsWe included 57,385 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or chronic hepatitis C (CHC) who underwent health examinations. The patients were divided into three groups: no fatty liver, fatty liver index (FLI) <30, grade 1 (G1) fatty liver: 30≤ FLI <60, and grade 2 (G2) fatty liver: FLI >60.ResultsDuring a median 8.4‐year follow‐up, we documented 3496 HCC cases and 4146 deaths. Compared to patients with no fatty liver (n = 35,018), the risk of HCC was significantly higher in patients with G1 fatty liver (n = 14,544) (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.38‐1.64) and G2 fatty liver (n = 7,823) (aHR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.67‐2.12). The risk of mortality was significantly higher in patients with G1 fatty liver (aHR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.41‐1.66) and G2 fatty liver (aHR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.94‐2.42) compared to patients with no fatty liver.ConclusionsConcurrent fatty liver was associated with a higher risk of HCC and mortality in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Our results suggest the importance of management of fatty liver to reduce the risks of HCC and mortality in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.
Ingroup identification moderates blame attributions for the COVID‐19 crisis, and willingness to help ingroup and outgroup members
Authors: Zagefka Hanna , Sun Shaojing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present studies focussed on how blame attributions for an existing problem and decisions to help those negatively impacted by it are affected by group membership and social identity considerations. This was investigated in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, asking British nationals about their attributions regarding the pandemic in terms of culpability of the British national ingroup and the Chinese, a national outgroup to the participants. Willingness to help those negatively impacted by the pandemic was also assessed, separately for help offered to ingroup and outgroup members. It was hypothesized that blame attributions and helping decisions would be driven by identity concerns, such that outgroup blame would be stronger than ingroup blame, that ingroup help would be offered more willingly than outgroup help, and that these effects would be especially pronounced for those strongly identified with their national ingroup. Support for the predictions were found in an exploratory online survey of British nationals (N= 250), and in a preregistered second study (N= 250). Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Correction of depression‐associated circadian rhythm abnormalities is associated with lithium response in bipolar disorder
Authors: Federoff Monica , McCarthy Michael J. , Anand Amit , Berrettini Wade H. , Bertram Holli , Bhattacharjee Abesh , Calkin Cynthia V. , Conroy Carla , Coryell William H. , D'Arcangelo Nicole , DeModena Anna , Fisher Carrie , Feeder Scott , Frazier Nicole , Frye Mark A. , Gao Keming , Garnham Julie , Gershon Elliot S. , Alliey‐Rodriguez Ney , Glazer Kara , Goes Fernando , Karberg Toyomi , Harrington Gloria , Jakobsen Petter , Kamali Masoud , Kelly Marisa , Leckband Susan G. , Lohoff Falk , Maihofer Adam X. , McInnis Melvin G. , Mondimore Francis , Morken Gunnar , Nurnberger John I. , Oedegaard Ketil J. , Ritchey Megan , Ryan Kelly , Schinagle Martha , Schoeyen Helle , Schwebel Candice , Shaw Martha , Shilling Paul D. , Slaney Claire , Stautland Andrea , Tarwater Bruce , Calabrese Joseph R. , Alda Martin , Nievergelt Caroline M. , Zandi Peter P. , Kelsoe John R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by episodes of depression and mania and disrupted circadian rhythms. Lithium is an effective therapy for BD, but only 30%–40% of patients are fully responsive. Preclinical models show that lithium alters circadian rhythms. However, it is unknown if the circadian rhythm effects of lithium are essential to its therapeutic properties.MethodsIn secondary analyses of a multi‐center, prospective, trial of lithium for BD, we examined the relationship between circadian rhythms and therapeutic response to lithium. Using standardized instruments, we measured morningness, diurnal changes in mood, sleep, and energy (circadian rhythm disturbances) in a cross‐sectional study of 386 BD subjects with varying lithium exposure histories. Next, we tracked symptoms of depression and mania prospectively over 12 weeks in a subset of 88 BD patients initiating treatment with lithium. Total, circadian, and affective mood symptoms were scored separately and analyzed.ResultsSubjects with no prior lithium exposure had the most circadian disruption, while patients stable on lithium monotherapy had the least. Patients who were stable on lithium with another drug or unstable on lithium showed intermediate levels of disruption. Treatment with lithium for 12 weeks yielded significant reductions in total and affective depression symptoms. Lithium responders (Li‐Rs) showed improvement in circadian symptoms of depression, but non‐responders did not. There was no difference between Li‐Rs and nonresponders in affective, circadian, or total symptoms of mania.ConclusionsExposure to lithium is associated with reduced circadian disruption. Lithium response at 12 weeks was selectively associated with the reduction of circadian depressive symptoms. We conclude that stabilization of circadian rhythms may be an important feature of lithium's therapeutic effects. Clinical Trials Registry: NCT0127253.
Deficits of social cognition in bipolar disorder: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gillissie Emily S. , Lui Leanna M. W. , Ceban Felicia , Miskowiak Kamilla , Gok Sena , Cao Bing , Teopiz Kayla M. , Ho Roger , Lee Yena , Rosenblat Joshua D. , McIntyre Roger S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe association between impaired social cognition and bipolar disorder (BD) is well established. However, to our knowledge, there has not been a recent systematic review that characterizes disparate dimensions of social cognition in BD. Herein, this systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to synthesize the literature on core aspects of social cognition (i.e., Theory of Mind, emotion recognition, and social judgment) to identify potential areas of impairment.MethodsOnline databases (i.e., PubMed, Cochrane Libraries, PsycINFO) and Google Scholar were searched from inception to May 2021. Studies with populations ages ≥16 with DSM‐IV or DSM‐5 defined BD (I or II) either in a euthymic or symptomatic state were included. The risk of bias was measured using the ROBINS‐1 tool, and the quality of the sources was evaluated using GRADE criteria. The results of the studies were quantitatively measured by synthesizing Hedge's g effect sizes through a random effects meta‐analytic approach.ResultsA total of 29 studies were included in the final review (i.e., 12 studies on the Theory of Mind, 11 on emotion recognition, and 6 on social judgment). Overall, results demonstrated social cognition to be moderately impaired in individuals with BD (d = 0.59). The individual domains ranged in effect size (0.38 < d < 0.70), providing evidence for variation in impairment within social cognition.DiscussionIndividuals with BD exhibit clinically significant deficits in social cognition during euthymic and symptomatic states. Social cognition impairments in individuals with BD are an important therapeutic target for treatment discovery and development.
Assessing Intervention Effects in a Randomized Trial Within a Social Network
Authors: Alexandria Shaina J. , Hudgens Michael G. , Aiello Allison E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Studies of social networks provide unique opportunities to assess the causal effects of interventions that may impact more of the population than just those intervened on directly. Such effects are sometimes called peer or spillover effects, and may exist in the presence of interference, that is, when one individual's treatment affects another individual's outcome. Randomization-based inference (RI) methods provide a theoretical basis for causal inference in randomized studies, even in the presence of interference. In this article, we consider RI of the intervention effect in the eX-FLU trial, a randomized study designed to assess the effect of a social distancing intervention on influenza-like-illness transmission in a connected network of college students. The approach considered enables inference about the effect of the social distancing intervention on the per-contact probability of influenza-like-illness transmission in the observed network. The methods allow for interference between connected individuals and for heterogeneous treatment effects. The proposed methods are evaluated empirically via simulation studies, and then applied to data from the eX-FLU trial.
Intracranial mesenchymal tumors with FET‐CREB fusion are composed of at least two epigenetic subgroups distinct from meningioma and extracranial sarcomas
Authors: Sloan Emily A. , Gupta Rohit , Koelsche Christian , Chiang Jason , Villanueva‐Meyer Javier E. , Alexandrescu Sanda , Eschbacher Jennifer M. , Wang Wesley , Mafra Manuela , Ud Din Nasir , Carr‐Boyd Emily , Watson Michael , Punsoni Michael , Oviedo Angelica , Gilani Ahmed , Kleinschmidt‐DeMasters Bette K. , Coss Dylan J. , Lopes M. Beatriz , Reddy Alyssa , Mueller Sabine , Cho Soo‐Jin , Horvai Andrew E. , Lee Julieann C. , Pekmezci Melike , Tihan Tarik , Bollen Andrew W. , Rodriguez Fausto J. , Ellison David W. , Perry Arie , von Deimling Andreas , Chang Susan M. , Berger Mitchel S. , Solomon David A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract‘Intracranial mesenchymal tumor, FET‐CREB fusion‐positive’ occurs primarily in children and young adults and has previously been termed intracranial angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) or intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor (IMMT). Here we performed genome‐wide DNA methylation array profiling of 20 primary intracranial mesenchymal tumors with FET‐CREB fusion to further study their ontology. These tumors resolved into two distinct epigenetic subgroups that were both divergent from all other analyzed intracranial neoplasms and soft tissue sarcomas, including meningioma, clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue (CCS), and AFH of extracranial soft tissue. The first subgroup (Group A, 16 tumors) clustered nearest to but independent of solitary fibrous tumor and AFH of extracranial soft tissue, whereas the second epigenetic subgroup (Group B, 4 tumors) clustered nearest to but independent of CCS and also lacked expression of melanocytic markers (HMB45, Melan A, or MITF) characteristic of CCS. Group A tumors most often occurred in adolescence or early adulthood, arose throughout the neuroaxis, and contained mostly EWSR1‐ATF1 and EWSR1‐CREB1 fusions. Group B tumors arose most often in early childhood, were located along the cerebral convexities or spinal cord, and demonstrated an enrichment for tumors with CREM as the fusion partner (either EWSR1‐CREM or FUS‐CREM). Group A tumors more often demonstrated stellate/spindle cell morphology and hemangioma‐like vasculature, whereas Group B tumors more often demonstrated round cell or epithelioid/rhabdoid morphology without hemangioma‐like vasculature, although robust comparison of these clinical and histologic features requires future study. Patients with Group B tumors had inferior progression‐free survival relative to Group A tumors (median 4.5 vs. 49 months, p = 0.001). Together, these findings confirm that intracranial AFH‐like neoplasms and IMMT represent histologic variants of a single tumor type (‘intracranial mesenchymal tumor, FET‐CREB fusion‐positive’) that is distinct from meningioma and extracranial sarcomas. Additionally, epigenomic evaluation may provide important prognostic subtyping for this unique tumor entity.
Mechanism of sensitivity to cisplatin, docetaxel, and 5‐fluorouracil chemoagents and potential erbB2 alternatives in oral cancer with growth differentiation factor 15 overexpression
Authors: Zhao Tong‐Chao , Zhou Zhi‐Hang , Ju Wu‐Tong , Liang Si‐Yuan , Tang Xiao , Zhu Dong‐Wang , Zhang Zhi‐Yuan , Zhong Lai‐Ping 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to: (a) explore the potential mechanism of cancer cell sensitivity to cisplatin, docetaxel, and 5‐fluorouracil (TPF) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients overexpressing growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15); and (b) identify potential alternative agents for patients who might not benefit from inductive TPF chemotherapy. The results indicated that OSCC cells overexpressing GDF15 were sensitive to TPF through a caspase‐9‐dependent pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry revealed that the erbB2 protein was a potential GDF15‐binding protein, which was verified by coimmunoprecipitation. Growth differentiation factor 15 overexpression promoted OSCC cell proliferation through erbB2 phosphorylation, as well as downstream AKT and Erk signaling pathways. When GDF15 expression was blocked, the phosphorylation of both the erbB2 and AKT/Erk pathways was downregulated. When OSCC cells with GDF15 overexpression were treated with the erbB2 phosphorylation inhibitor, CI‐1033, cell proliferation and xenograft growth colony formation were significantly blocked (P < .05). Thus, GDF15‐overexpressing OSCC tumors are sensitive to TPF chemoagents through caspase‐9‐dependent pathways. Growth differentiation factor 15 overexpression promotes OSCC proliferation through erbB2 phosphorylation. Thus, ErbB2 inhibitors could represent potential targeted drugs or an alternative therapy for OSCC patients with GDF15 overexpression.
Otological complications in inversa type recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Robertson S. J. , Prodinger C. , Liu L. , Skilbeck C. , Petrof G. , Martinez A. E. , Mellerio J. E. , Greenblatt D. T. 
Published: November 2021

Summary

Background
The rare inversa subtype of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB-I) is characterized by predominant intertriginous skin blistering and marked mucosal involvement. Specific recessive missense mutations in the collagen VII triple helix are implicated in the disease. To date, otological complications have been reported infrequently in this patient group.

Methods
We conducted an observational, retrospective, double institution case record review of patients with RDEB-I who presented with otological complications between January 2000 and June 2020. Diagnosis was established on the basis of clinical features, family history and mutation analysis of the COL7A1 gene.

Results
In total, 11 (44%) of 25 patients with RDEB-I in our database (2 paediatric, 9 adult; mean age 40.9 years, range 8–72 years) experienced otological complications. Of these 11 patients, 10 (90.9%) had recurrent otitis externa, 7 (63.6%) had meatal stenosis and 7 (63.6%) had recurrent blistering of the external auditory canals. All 11 patients reported hearing difficulties, with conductive hearing loss confirmed by audiology testing in 6 (54.5%) of these. Of the 11 patients, 3 (27.3%) went on to have implantable hearing aids [2 bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHA) and 1 middle ear implant (MEI)] fitted with favourable outcome, while a fourth paediatric patient presented with a cholesteatoma that was surgically managed.

Discussion
We observed a higher prevalence of otological morbidity in RDEB-I than previously reported, and present the first case of cholesteatoma in epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Our data indicate that BAHA and MEI are safe and effective treatment options for hearing loss in EB. Clinicians should be vigilant in screening for ear symptoms in RDEB-I and consider early referral to an Ear, Nose and Throat specialist.
Left atrial strain: A novel “biomarker” for chronic kidney disease patients?
Authors: Tanasa Ana , Tapoi Laura , Ureche Carina , Sascau Radu , Statescu Cristian , Covic Adrian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease are frequently inter‐connected and this association leads to an exponential growth of cardiovascular risk. This risk is currently underestimated by the existing algorithms and there is a constant need for new markers to predict adverse outcomes in this special population. In general population left atrial strain has emerged as an important tool for both the diagnosis and prognostic stratification, but data regarding its role in chronic kidney disease patients is scarce. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence regarding this matter. Left atrial size and function mirror the duration and severity of increased left ventricular filling pressures. Increased left atrial volume index and impaired left atrial strain parameters are independent predictors for adverse cardiovascular events. Left atrial strain is impaired before changes in volume appear, thus being able to predict both diastolic and systolic function in chronic kidney disease patients. Finally, left atrial strain can identify renal patients with impaired exercise capacity and this could have clinical applications in the rehabilitation of this patients.
Key service components for age‐appropriate mental health service planning for young adults
Authors: Gossip Kate , John Julie , Comben Charlotte , Page Imogen , Erskine Holly E. , Scott James G. , Diminic Sandra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo identify and describe key service components that should be incorporated into age‐appropriate integrated mental health care for young adults aged 18–24 years.MethodsKey service components were identified through a mixed‐methods approach including targeted examinations of the literature and structured discussions with experts in youth mental health.ResultsSeven key components were identified as important for providing age‐appropriate mental health care to young adults. Two were classified as clinical service components (structured psychological therapies; care coordination and liaison), three were classified as non‐clinical service components (vocational support; youth development; peer support) and two as integrated non‐clinical and clinical service components (lifestyle interventions and family and network support). Example service models for each of these key service components were identified and described.ConclusionsThis is the first study to identify and describe key service components for age‐appropriate mental health care for young adults. The findings provide mental health service planners with a framework of services that should be considered when planning and resourcing services for this age range.
Predictors associated with a better response to the Japanese aluminum‐free hepatitis A vaccine, Aimmugen®, for people living with HIV
Authors: Koga Michiko , Senkoji Tomoe , Kubota Megumi , Ishizaka Aya , Mizutani Taketoshi , Sedohara Ayako , Ikeuchi Kazuhiko , Kikuchi Tadashi , Adachi Eisuke , Saito Makoto , Koibuchi Tomohiko , Hosomichi Kazuyoshi , Ohashi Jun , Kawana‐Tachikawa Ai , Matano Tetsuro , Tsutsumi Takeya , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimAfter the hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreak among men who have sex with men (MSM) around 2018, the importance of HAV vaccination was emphasized, especially for MSM‐living with human immunodeficiency virus (MSM‐LWHIV). Aimmugen® is licensed and distributed exclusively in Japan. While administration of three doses is recommended, 85% of recipients in the general population were reported to acquire seroprotection after the second dose. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of two or three vaccine doses along with predictors associated with the response to Aimmugen® in MSM‐LWHIV.MethodsWe retrospectively examined anti‐HA‐IgG titers of MSM‐LWHIV vaccinated with Aimmugen® in our hospital. Patients' data were collected from medical records.ResultsBetween January 2018 and October 2019, 141 subjects whose median age was 46 years old, were examined. All the subjects were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the median CD4 count was 615/μL. The acquisition rate of protectable anti‐HA‐IgG titers after the second and third dose was 71.1% and 98.6%, respectively. In 114 subjects whose anti‐HA‐IgG titers were tested after the second‐dose, factors significantly associated with better response were prolonged ART duration and higher CD4 count. The titers of anti‐HA‐IgG after the third dose were higher in those who became seropositive after the second‐dose than those who did not.ConclusionsThree‐dose of Aimmugen® for MSM‐LWHIV was effective while two‐dose was less effective compared to non‐HIV‐infected people. People‐LWHIV with shorter duration of ART and lesser CD4 cell count achieved lower titers of anti‐HA‐IgG and might require an additional vaccination.
Effects of telephone support or short message service on body mass index, eating and screen time behaviours of children age 2 years: A 3‐arm randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wen Li Ming , Xu Huilan , Taki Sarah , Buchanan Limin , Rissel Chris , Phongsavan Philayrath , Hayes Alison J. , Bedford Karen , Moreton Renee , Baur Louise A. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackgroundFew randomized controlled trial (RCT) interventions targeted children's early risk behaviours using telephone or short message service (SMS) support.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of telephone or SMS early intervention focusing on mothers' behaviours starting from late pregnancy to improve BMI, and eating and screen time behaviours of children aged 2 years in comparison with the control group.MethodsA 3‐arm RCT was conducted in Australia, 2017–2019. Two arms involved the interventions using nurse‐led telephone or SMS support, delivered in nine stages from late pregnancy to age 2 years. The third arm was control. The primary outcome was children's objectively measured BMI and BMI z‐score at 2 years. Secondary outcomes included child eating and screen time behaviours as reported by parents at 2 years.ResultsAt 2 years, 797 mother–child dyads (69%) completed the telephone survey with 666 (58%) completing weight and height measurements. The study found no statistically significant difference in BMI between the groups. The mean BMI for telephone support was 16.93 (95% CI: 16.73 to 17.13), for SMS 16.92 (95% CI: 16.73 to 17.11) or for control 16.95 (95% CI: 16.73 to 17.16) with a difference of −0.02 (95% CI: −0.31 to 0.27, p = 0.907) in telephone versus control, and a difference of −0.03 (95% CI: −0.30 to 0.24, p = 0.816) in SMS versus control. Telephone support was associated with higher odds of no bottle at bedtime (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.99; 95% CI: 2.01 to 4.47), family meals (AOR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.26 to 3.33), drinking from a cup (AOR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.88), less screen time (<1 h/day) (AOR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.10 to 2.23) and not eating dinner in front of the TV (AOR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.06). SMS support was also associated with higher odds of no bottle at bedtime (AOR 2.30, 95% CI: 1.58 to 3.33) than the control.ConclusionThe telephone or SMS support intervention had no significant effects on BMI, but was effective in increasing no bottle use at bedtime. Telephone support showed more effects than SMS on reducing screen time and eating behaviours.