bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an online positive psychology intervention among Tunisian healthcare students on mental health and study engagement during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Krifa Imen , Hallez Quentin , van Zyl Llewellyn Ellardus , Braham Amel , Sahli Jihene , Ben Nasr Selma , Shankland Rebecca 
Published: December 2021

AbstractResearch indicates that university students present higher levels of psychological distress compared with non‐student age‐matched youth. These levels are higher among healthcare students, and even higher during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Therefore, cost‐effective large‐scale interventions are needed in order to prevent further development of psychological distress during this period, and more generally. The aim of the current study was to assess the effectiveness of an 8‐week Internet‐based positive psychology intervention for healthcare students in Tunisia. A two‐armed randomized controlled trial was conducted among a sample of 366 health care students (183 in the experimental group and 183 in the control group), with a majority of women (94%). The average age was 20.74 years (±1.64). The participants completed the following online questionnaires at three time‐points (before the program, immediately after, and three months later): stress, anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, optimism, hope, study engagement, and well‐being. Repeated‐measures ANOVAs revealed significant positive effects of the intervention on all the measured variables for the experimental group. The results showed a significant improvement immediately after the intervention compared to the control group, which was maintained three months later. This program may thus be considered as a promising means of improving students' mental health and study engagement.
The interactions of volcanism and clastic sedimentation in rift basins: Insights from the Palaeogene‐Neogene Shaleitian uplift and surrounding sub‐basins, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Chen Hehe , Zhu Xiaomin , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Wood Lesli J. , Liu Qianghu , Li Shunli , Shi Ruisheng , Li Huiyong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlthough volcanism is an important process in the evolution of rift basins, current tectono‐sedimentary models largely neglect its impact on sediment supply, transport pathways, and depositional systems. In this paper, we integrate core, well logs, and 3D seismic data from the Palaeogene‐Neogene Shaleitian (SLT) uplift and surrounding sub‐basins, Bohai Bay Basin, China, to investigate the sedimentology and geomorphology of a volcanic rift basin. Results of this study show that the spatial distribution of extrusive centres was strongly controlled by basement‐involved intra‐basin normal faults. During the early part of the syn‐rift stage, the SLT uplift supplied sediments to transverse fan deltas and braided‐river deltas that fringed the adjacent syn‐rift depocentres. Volcanic deposits mainly occurred as relatively thin lava flow and pyroclastic facies that partially filled fault‐controlled topographic lows, reducing topographic rugosity, and enhanced breaching of basement highs between syn‐rift depocentres. Integration of drainage to the syn‐rift depocentres and development of through‐flowing axial depositional systems was enhanced. During the later part of syn‐rift and in early post‐rift stages, the SLT uplift was progressively inundated, reducing sediment supply to the fringing transverse depositional systems. In contrast, axial braided‐river deltas became the main depositional systems, sourced by large hinterland drainage from the Yanshan fold‐belt to the northwest. Volcanism in the late syn‐rift and early post‐rift occurs as thick lava flow and pyroclastic facies that infill rift topographic lows and locally blocked axial fluvial systems creating isolated lakes. Within hanging wall depocentres, volcanic topographic highs split and diverted axial fluvial and deltaic systems. Furthermore, volcanism supplied large volumes of volcanic sediment to the rift resulting in increased sedimentation rates, and the development of unstable subaerial and subaqueous slopes and deposits, increasing the occurrence of landslides. Based on the observations of this study we update tectono‐sedimentary models for rift basins to include volcanism.
Squalene synthase predicts poor prognosis in stage I‐III colon adenocarcinoma and synergizes squalene epoxidase to promote tumor progression
Authors: Jiang Huihong , Tang Erjiang , Chen Ying , Liu Hailong , Zhao Yun , Lin Moubin , He Luwei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractColon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most prevalent malignancies, with poor prognosis and lack of effective treatment targets. Squalene synthase (FDFT1) is an upstream enzyme of squalene epoxidase (SQLE) in cholesterol biosynthesis. In a previous study, we revealed that SQLE promotes colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigate the prognostic value of FDFT1 in stage I‐III COAD and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Squalene synthase was significantly upregulated in stage I‐III COAD and positively correlated with poor differentiation and advanced tumor stage. High expression of FDFT1 was an independent predictor of overall and relapse‐free survival, and the nomograms based on FDFT1 could effectively identify patients at high risk of poor outcome. Squalene synthase accelerated colon cancer cell proliferation and promoted tumor growth. Lack of FDFT1 resulted in accumulating NAT8 and D‐pantethine to lower reactive oxygen species levels and inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, the combined inhibition of FDFT1 and SQLE induced a greater suppressive effect on cell proliferation and tumor growth than single inhibition. Taken together, these results indicate that FDFT1 predicts poor prognosis in stage I‐III COAD and has the tumor‐promoting effect on COAD through regulating NAT8 and D‐pantethine. Targeting both FDFT1 and SQLE is a more promising therapy than their single inhibition for stage I‐III COAD.
Use of a metallic ink marking pen to assist in localization on the skin of lesions detected by reflectance confocal microscopy
Authors: Zhang Li-wen , Fu Li-xin , Wang Wen-ju , Chen Tao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We report the use of a marking pen with metallic ink to assist body surface location in reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM). Not only is the marker waterproof, but the metallic ink appears brighter under RCM, thus assisting in identifying location.
Keratinized mucosa changes around one‐stage implants: A prospective case series
Authors: Mainas Giuseppe , Ruiz Magaz Vanessa , Valles Cristina , Mora Javier , Candiago Jacopo , Pascual Andres , Nart Jose 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe need of an adequate band of keratinized tissue (KT) to maintain periodontal health around teeth as well as around implants has been a debated topic over many years but still no conclusions have been drawn.ObjectivesThis prospective case series evaluates the changes undergone by the keratinized mucosa (KM) and the soft tissue volume around non‐submerged implants before the prosthetic rehabilitation.Material and MethodsA total of 40 patients were included. The primary outcome was to analyze the width of the KM at both buccal and lingual aspects compared to the pre‐existing KT in the edentulous ridge only in mandibular (pre)molar area. The mucogingival line was marked with a surgical pen and an intra‐oral scanner was used to take the impression of the implant area the day of the surgery (T0, baseline) and before the crown placement (T1, 3 months). Buccal soft tissue volume was measured at 1, 3, and 5 mm apical to the healing abutment position and a comparison between T0 and T1 was performed. Student t‐test was used according to the distribution of the data (Shapiro–Wilk).ResultsThe mean KT width at baseline was 4.54 ± 1.31 mm at buccal side and 5.04 ± 1.88 mm at lingual side. After 3 months, the mean KM values were 3.15 ± 1.03 mm and 3.72 ± 1.56 mm at the buccal and lingual aspects, respectively. The differences, 30.6% of KM reduction buccally and 26.1% of reduction lingually, were statistically significant for both sides.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this investigation, it was observed that the KM width from the baseline to the 3 months follow up presented a significant dimensional change in both the buccal and lingual aspects, whereas buccal soft tissue volume showed an increase between baseline and follow up.
The nature and causes of children's grammatical difficulties: Evidence from an intervention to improve past tense marking in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Baxter Rebecca , Rees Rachel , Perovic Alexandra , Hulme Charles 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChildren with language learning difficulties frequently display problems learning grammar. One such group is children with Down syndrome. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention to teach the use of the regular simple past tense to children with Down syndrome. Trained teaching assistants delivered the intervention for 20 min per day for 10 weeks. We conducted a Randomised Controlled Trial, with a waiting list control design in which the Intervention group (N = 26) received the intervention immediately, while the delayed intervention group (N = 26) received the intervention later. Immediately following the intervention, the intervention group showed significantly larger gains in the use of regular simple past tense forms (d = 1.63 on a composite measure of simple past tense formation) as well as generalisation to verbs not explicitly taught. In addition, following the intervention children made overregularisation errors by incorrectly using regular simple past tense marking for irregular verbs; such errors support the claim that children had acquired generative knowledge underlying past tense marking. The delayed intervention control group showed identical benefits from the intervention when they received it, and the gains shown by the intervention group were maintained at follow up testing. This study shows that children with Down syndrome, who display severe language difficulties, can be taught to use simple past tense marking. The theoretical and applied implications of these findings for understanding the nature, causes and treatments of children's language difficulties are discussed.
Political economy of immigration policy in GCC countries
Authors: Jaeck Louis 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on immigration control in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries from a theoretical perspective. Gulf countries have massively relied on labor imports from the wider Arab world and South Asia, as the nationals' populations were too small to fill the growing need to expand infrastructure and development projects. Relying on a common agency model of lobbying adapted to an autocratic setting, it analyzes the setting of an immigration policy as a political compromise pressured by a multinational firm established in the host country and national citizens. Its main theoretical result is counterintuitive and highlights that, although Gulf countries' nationals value a tighter control on immigration to preserve a social capital that is perceived to be threaten by unlimited inflows of foreign migrants, the level of immigration control is lower than its socially optimal value. The impact of immigration control on the wages of unskilled workers is a key component of the model. This theoretical modeling helps to understand the limited effectiveness of the “Kafala” reforms implemented during the 2000s and beyond, as well as their inability to curb large‐scale migrations to the Gulf countries' economies.
Competencies of dental public health for undergraduate students and their self‐perceived achievements: The case of Iran
Authors: Asgari Imaneh , Karimi Shirin , charmdooz Niloofar , Tahani Bahareh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to develop Dental Public Health (DPH) competencies and to assess the self‐perceived achievements of undergraduate students in regard to these competencies.Materials and MethodsIn the first phase, by using the mixed method of the RAND‐UCLA model, a list of the proposed competencies was developed and validated based on three‐round expert consensus using both rating and group discussing method. In the second phase, 120 senior (final‐year) dental students were asked to determine their achievements based on the finalised list of competency statements on a 0–10 numerical scale. Descriptive statistical analysis was then performed using SPSS (version 22) to determine the mean score of the items and domains. Some background factors were also tested for any relationship.ResultAfter three rounds of implementing the RAND‐UCLA method, 31 statements in 10 domains were developed and validated. The mean total score of the self‐reported competency was 176.87 ± 52.4 amongst the recruited dental students with a range of 37 to 304. The highest mean ± sd score (7.7 ± 1.8) was found for the preventive oral health services field, whilst the lowest one (4.5 ± 2.3) was reported for understanding the components and functions of the health system. The average self‐reported scores of professional ethics and professionalism, evidence‐based practice and oral health determinants were also acceptable amongst them.ConclusionThe finalised competencies gained the consensus level of agreement and appropriateness by representatives of all DPH experts in the country. However, according to the dental students’ self‐reports, they had moderate competencies in most cases. Therefore, content and applied methods of training and evaluation may need to be revised to support students’ development. Also, the complementary evaluation method at real work setting is highly suggested.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease surveillance and patient care in the United Kingdom
Authors: Watson Neil , Kirby Jack , Kurudzhu Hatice , Leitch Margaret , MacKenzie Janet , Smith‐Bathgate Blaire , Smith Colin , Summers David , Green Alison J. E. , Pal Suvankar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeCreutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is lethal and transmissible. We assessed the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on UK CJD surveillance. We hypothesized that (i) disruptions prolonged diagnostic latency; (ii) autopsy rates declined; and (iii) COVID‐19 infection negatively affected diagnosis, care, and survival.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated the first year of the pandemic, using the preceding year as a comparator, quantifying numbers of individuals assessed by the UK National CJD Research & Surveillance Unit for suspected CJD, time to diagnosis, disease duration, and autopsy rates. We evaluated the impact of COVID‐19 status on diagnosis, care, and survival in CJD.ResultsA total of 148 individuals were diagnosed with CJD in the pandemic (from a total of 166 individuals assessed) compared to 141 in the comparator (from 145 assessed). No differences were identified in disease duration or time to diagnosis. Autopsy rates were unchanged. Twenty individuals had COVID‐19; 60% were symptomatic, and 10% had severe disease. Disruptions in diagnosis and care were frequently identified. Forty percent of COVID‐19‐positive individuals died; however, COVID‐19 status did not significantly alter survival duration in CJD.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic has not impacted UK CJD case ascertainment or survival, but diagnostic evaluation and clinical care of individuals have been affected.
The longitudinal links between marital conflict and Chinese children’s internalizing problems in mainland China: Mediating role of maternal parenting styles
Authors: Xiao Bowen , Bullock Amanda , Liu Junsheng , Coplan Robert J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present study explored the role of parenting styles as mediating mechanisms in the link between marital conflict and Chinese children's internalizing problems. Participants were N = 1269 families (mothers, fathers, and children) from Shanghai, P. R. China. Multisource assessments were employed at three time points. Mothers and fathers reported their marital conflict and parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian) and teachers and children reported on children's internalizing problems. Results from the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) showed significant actor and partner effects for associations between marital conflict and parenting styles. After controlling for internalizing problems at Time 1, only maternal authoritarian parenting continued to mediate the relations between mothers’ reported marital conflict and change in children's internalizing problems over time. This research provides valuable information about how important aspects of parenting influence the relations between marital conflict and internalizing problems among Chinese children.
Identification of cohesive zone model parameters based on interface layer displacement field of bonded joints
Authors: Cricrì Gabriele , Perrella Michele , Berardi Valentino Paolo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNowadays, adhesively bonded structures are widely used as structural elements in many engineering fields. The development of approaches for predicting joint reliability and interface layer behavior make adhesives suitable for new and more complex applications. In this paper, a novel identification methodology of cohesive zone model (CZM) parameters, based on the comparison of experimental and numerical relative adherends slip displacements, is proposed and compared with approaches by literature. All considered methods are based on an interface traction–separation law (TSL) whose shape is known a priori. For identification purposes, tests on adhesively bonded joints under Mode II fracture loading were performed using end notched flexure (ENF) specimen. Experimental results in terms of relative adherends tangential slips were obtained by means of digital image correlation (DIC) technique.
Willingness to pay taxes through mutual trust: The effect of fairness, governability,tax‐enforcementand outsourcing on local tax collection rates
Authors: Beeri Itai , Zaidan Akab , Zeedan Rami 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study extends our understanding about the interrelationship between taxation policy, democracy and financial performance in local governments. Every government, particularly local ones, would like to make their residents more willing to pay taxes. Based on the trend of making local authorities less reliant on national budgets and the ever‐increasing expectations that they provide high quality services, we investigated how public perceptions about the local government's fairness, tax enforcement, governability and the outsourcing of local tax collection affect the percentage of local property taxes collected. We used a survey of 607 Israeli residents randomly sampled from municipalities that do and do not outsource, and independent data about tax collection rates. The results indicate that perceptions about tax enforcement and governability mediate the relationship between perceptions about fairness and tax collection rates. However, only within local authorities that outsourced tax collection was there a positive relationship between perceptions about tax enforcement and tax collection rates and a positive relationship between perceptions about governability and tax collection rates. Implications of the findings are discussed in the era of local democracy and local governance.
Differential antigenic requirements by diverse MR1‐restricted T cells
Authors: Seneviratna Rebecca , Redmond Samuel J , McWilliam Hamish EG , Reantragoon Rangsima , Villadangos Jose A , McCluskey James , Godfrey Dale I , Gherardin Nicholas A 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMHC‐related protein 1 (MR1) presents microbial riboflavin metabolites to mucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells for surveillance of microbial presence. MAIT cells express a semi‐invariant T‐cell receptor (TCR), which recognizes MR1–antigen complexes in a pattern‐recognition‐like manner. Recently, diverse populations of MR1‐restricted T cells have been described that exhibit broad recognition of tumor cells and appear to recognize MR1 in association with tumor‐derived self‐antigens, though the identity of these antigens remains unclear. Here, we have used TCR gene transfer and engineered MR1‐expressing antigen‐presenting cells to probe the MR1 restriction and antigen reactivity of a range of MR1‐restricted TCRs, including model tumor‐reactive TCRs. We confirm MR1 reactivity by these TCRs, show differential dependence on lysine at position 43 of MR1 (K43) and demonstrate competitive inhibition by the MR1 ligand 6‐formylpterin. TCR‐expressing reporter lines, however, failed to recapitulate the robust tumor specificity previously reported, suggesting an importance of accessory molecules for MR1‐dependent tumor reactivity. Finally, MR1‐mutant cell lines showed that distinct residues on the α1/α2 helices were required for TCR binding by different MR1‐restricted T cells and suggested central but distinct docking modes by the broad family of MR1‐restricted αβ TCRs. Collectively, these data are consistent with recognition of distinct antigens by diverse MR1‐restricted T cells.
No association of Gaucher disease with COVID‐19‐related outcomes: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Demirci Ibrahim , Demir Tevfik , Dagdelen Selcuk , Haymana Cem , Tasci Ilker , Atmaca Aysegul , Ertugrul Derun , Ata Naim , Sahin Mustafa , Salman Serpil , Sahin Ibrahim , Emral Rifat , Unluturk Ugur , Cakal Erman , Celik Osman , Caglayan Murat , Satman Ilhan , Sonmez Alper 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is well documented that patients with chronic metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity, are adversely affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, when the subject is rare metabolic diseases, there are not enough data in the literature.AimTo investigate the course of COVID‐19 among patients with Gaucher disease (GD), the most common lysosomal storage disease.MethodsBased on the National Health System data, a retrospective cohort of patients with confirmed (polymerase chain reactionpositive) COVID‐19 infection (n = 149 618) was investigated. The adverse outcomes between patients with GD (n = 39) and those without GD (n = 149 579) were compared with crude and propensity score‐matched (PSM) groups. The outcomes were hospitalisation, the composite of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or mechanical ventilation and mortality.ResultsThe patients with GD were significantly older and had a higher frequency of hypertension (HT), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidaemia, asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, heart failure and cancer. Although hospitalisation rates in Gaucher patients were found to be higher in crude analyses, the PSM models (model 1, age and gender matched; model 2, matched for age, gender, HT, T2DM and cancer) revealed no difference for the outcomes between patients with GD and the general population. According to multivariate regression analyses, having a diagnosis of GD was not a significant predictor for hospitalisation (P = 0.241), ICU admission/mechanical ventilation (P = 0.403) or mortality (P = 0.231).ConclusionAccording to our national data, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in patients with GD does not have a more severe course than the normal population.