bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences managing pregnant hospital staff members using an active management policy—A qualitative study
Authors: Backhausen Mette G. , Iversen Mette Langeland , Sköld Margrethe Bordado , Thomsen Thora G. , Begtrup Luise Moellenberg 
Published: February 2021

Background and objective
During pregnancy, absence from work increases significantly. Job adjustments have been shown to decrease absences; however, studies show only half of pregnant women who need job adjustments receive them. Little is known about the viewpoints of managers and possible challenges in the management of pregnant employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences and considerations of managers in relation to managing pregnant hospital staff members and to describe the experiences of an active management policy for pregnant individuals.

Methods
A qualitative study based on five focus group interviews was conducted at five public hospitals in Zealand, Denmark with participation of 19 hospital managers, from 17 different wards, representing six different medical specialties. The interviews took place from February to May 2019. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results
Four themes were identified: (1) The everyday management, (2) Managerial dilemmas, (3) Acknowledging the workplace culture, and (4) Dialogue as a means for the working relationship. The managers’ experiences revolved around investing a lot of effort into the working relationship with pregnant staff members by adjusting job tasks and work schedules while balancing work tasks between all staff members. The dialogue was considered central in order to identify the needs of the individual staff member.

Conclusions
Overall, management dialogue constituted a central tool in order to identify the needs of the individual staff member. A proactive and open approach increased the chances of a fruitful dialogue. The individual staff member, the influence of the workplace culture, and the everyday management of the workplace all shaped the experiences of the managers. The concept of an active management policy for pregnant individuals was perceived to entail useful elements, but also as replicating what managers already did.
Seasonal Variation of Physical Performance and Inter-limb Asymmetry in Professional Cricket Athletes
Authors: Bishop Chris , Weldon Anthony , Hughes Jon , Brazier Jon , Loturco Irineu , Turner Anthony , Read Paul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Bishop, C, Weldon, A, Hughes, J, Brazier, J, Loturco, I, Turner, A, and Read, P. Seasonal variation of physical performance and interlimb asymmetry in professional cricket athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 941–948, 2021—The aims of this study were to: (a) determine the seasonal variation of physical performance in professional cricket players and (b) determine the seasonal variation of interlimb asymmetries in the same cohort of professional players. Fifteen male professional cricket players (age: 20.60 ± 1.59 years; height: 1.82 ± 0.08 m; and body mass: 78.70 ± 11.23 kg) performed unilateral countermovement jumps (CMJs), unilateral drop jumps, 10 m sprints and 505 change of direction (COD) speed tests at pre (March), mid (June), and end (September) of the 2018 season. Interlimb asymmetry was quantified in the unilateral CMJ (jump height and concentric impulse), unilateral drop jump (jump height and reactive strength index [RSI]), and 505 (total time and COD deficit). Significant changes (p < 0.05) were evident for the following tests: unilateral CMJ (effect size [ES] range = 0.67–1.00), 505 on the right leg (ES = 0.70), 10 m (ES range = −1.39 to 0.70), and COD deficit (ES range = 0.70–0.80), with the largest changes evident for 10-m sprint. No significant differences were evident in drop jump performance throughout the season. For the magnitude of asymmetry, significant changes in jump height asymmetry from the unilateral CMJ were evident from mid to end of season (ES = 0.72). For the direction of asymmetry, levels of agreement ranged from poor to substantial in the unilateral CMJ (kappa = −0.21 to 0.72), fair to substantial in the unilateral drop jump (kappa range = 0.33 to 0.74), and slight to moderate during the 505 test (kappa range = 0.06 to 0.44), with RSI showing noticeably better results than other tests or metrics. These data show that the largest changes in performance scores throughout the season came from the 10-m test, which practitioners may wish to consider implementing if not doing so already. Furthermore, both unilateral jump tests showed their use for asymmetry interpretation, which practitioners may wish to consider implementing in to their test batteries. Specifically, jump height asymmetry during the unilateral CMJ was the only metric to exhibit meaningful changes between time points, whereas RSI was the metric that exhibited more consistent limb dominance characteristics for the direction of asymmetry.
Noradrenergic Suppression of Persistent Firing in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Cells through cAMP-PKA Pathway
Authors: Valero-Aracama Maria Jesus , Reboreda Antonio , Arboit Alberto , Sauvage Magdalena , Yoshida Motoharu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPersistent firing is believed to be a cellular correlate of working memory. While the effects of noradrenaline (NA) on working memory have widely been described, its effect on the cellular mechanisms of persistent firing remains largely unknown. Usingin vitrointracellular recordings, we demonstrate that persistent firing is supported by individual neurons in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells through cholinergic receptor activation, but is dramatically attenuated by NA. In contrast to the classical theory that recurrent synaptic excitation supports persistent firing, suppression of persistent firing by NA was independent of synaptic transmission, indicating that the mechanism is intrinsic to individual cells. In agreement with detrimental effects of cAMP on working memory, we demonstrate that the suppressive effect of NA was through cAMP-PKA pathway. In addition, activation of β1 and/or β3 adrenergic receptors, which increases cAMP levels, suppressed persistent firing. These results are in line with working memory decline observed during high levels of NA and cAMP, which are implicated in high stress, aging, and schizophrenia.
La educación social en Europa y Costa Rica. Las funciones latentes de Merton en los servicios públicos de intervención social
Authors: Fernández Laso Ana Isabel 
Published: February 2021

El paradigma funcionalista, a pesar de las críticas recibidas, continúa vigente en el panorama actual de las Ciencias Sociales. Robert K. Merton, entre las contribuciones que realiza al funcionalismo, conceptualiza como funciones manifiestas a las consecuencias objetivas observadas que son buscadas y reconocidas; también, denomina funciones latentes a aquellas que no lo son. Esta distinción puede facilitar una vía metodológica para el análisis funcional de las instituciones sociales y conducir hacia la observación y posterior estudio de sus funciones latentes. La Educación Social es una profesión y una metodología de la intervención en el contexto de lo social. Partiendo de sus funciones manifiestas, se realiza una propuesta de análisis de las posibles funciones latentes de las instituciones públicas donde se desarrolla.
Danza en tiempos de pandemia: Cuestionamientos y motivaciones de cuerpos en movimiento
Authors: Delgado-Esquivel Alexandra 
Published: February 2021

Este ensayo brinda una reflexión sobre la danza y el cómo el distanciamiento físico y la adaptación a modalidades virtuales atraviesan el quehacer artístico partiendo de un inesperado contexto, la búsqueda de nuevos escenarios, las problematizaciones de los procesos de enseñanza/aprendizaje y las reflexiones en modo de resistencia y nuevas construcciones de los cuerpos en movimiento, sus entornos y realidades diversas.
Evaluasi Manajemen Risiko Teknologi Informasi Menggunakan Framework COBIT 5 (Studi Kasus: PT PLN P2B Jawa Bali)
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Kamal Sani 
Published: February 2021

Kemungkinan adanya ancaman dan risiko TI (Teknologi Informasi) yang muncul seiring dengan penerapan IT Governance dapat menganggu proses bisnis yang berjalan. Hal ini penting bagi suatu perusahaan untuk menerapkan manajemen risiko TI. Dalam penerapannya, PLN P2B didukung oleh Divisi Teknologi Informasi dan Telekomunikasi sebagai penyedia layanan TI. Diketahui permasalahan yang sedang dialami PLN P2B adalah insiden kehilangan data yang diakibatkan adanya kegagalan dalam migrasi data ketika PLN P2B mengupgrade server dari 3-node clusters menjadi 6-node clusters. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya evaluasi terhadap manajemen risiko TI sesuai dengan standar yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kapabilitas manajemen risiko TI menggunakan metodologi Process Assessment Model (PAM) COBIT 5 yang terdiri dari tahapan Initiation, Planning the Assesment, Briefing, Data Collection, Data Validation, Process Attribute Level dan Reporting the Result. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan tingkat pengelolaan risiko dan pengoptimalan risiko saat ini berada pada level 3 (Established Process) dan berdasarkan hasil penilaian risiko terdapat 6 risk issue yang tingkat risikonya di atas batas risk appetite. Sehingga PLN P2B direkomendasikan untuk menerapkan dan mengemb angkan DRP (Disaster Recovery Plan) berdasarkan kerangka kerja yang didesain untuk mengurangi dampak terhadap fungsi dan proses bisnis utamanya. Selain itu PLN P2B direkomendasikan menentukan dan mengimplementasikan langkah pengamanan fisik sesuai dengan persyaratan. Salah satunya dengan menempatkan database server di tempat yang aman. Dengan demikian diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan PLN P2B dalam melakukan perbaikan tata kelola TI agar dapat berjalan lebih optimal.
“Aventureros pequeño-burgueses” y “la vieja generación revolucionaria”: el FSLN y el PVP (1966-1970)
Authors: Sequeira Sofía Cortés 
Published: February 2021

El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar las relaciones entre las direcciones políticas del PVP y del FSLN en la década de 1960, a partir de la correspondencia sostenida entre Manuel Mora Valverde y Carlos Fonseca Amador, para poder identificar las contradicciones, discrepancias y coincidencias entre los dirigentes de ambas organizaciones, la primera de corte comunista, y la segunda una guerrilla nacionalista nacida bajo la impronta del modelo cubano. En este sentido, partimos de la interrogante de cómo fueron las relaciones entre el Partido Vanguardia Popular (PVP) y el Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) durante la década de 1960, siendo ambas organizaciones de naturaleza distinta y mantenido líneas políticas diferentes sobre la estrategia a seguir en la lucha antisomocista.
Como hipótesis central sostenemos que el establecimiento de relaciones entre ambas organizaciones fue un proceso complejo, marcado por desconfianzas y diferencias mutuas, arrastradas desde la fundación misma del FSLN hacia finales de la década de 1960, ya que ambas eran expresión de dos corrientes revolucionarias distintas, que en todo el continente discrepaban en función de las vías y estrategias para combatir a los regímenes dictatoriales que dominaban la región.
BREVES ANOTACIONES CONSTITUCIONALE: LA SUPREMACÍA Y EL CONTROL DE CONSTITUCIONALIDAD EN LA ARGENTINA: ÁMBITOS, ÓRGANOS, VÍAS Y EFECTOS
Authors: Pizarro Damian Rodrigo 
Published: February 2021

O Estado o Nación civilizada y moderna cuenta con una Constitución para sostener su andamiaje, sea institucional o jurídicamente hablando. También por otros motivos que excederían el tema a tratar. Todo
ordenamiento jurídico prevalece por tener como basamento un documento o instrumento escrito (en el caso de las constituciones formales, carácter escrito), el cual es dotado de fuerza, valor y vigencia por sobre el resto de las normas (se entiende por supremacía constitucional). De allí se desprende que las normas que se derivan o se esparcen por dicho ordenamiento son aquellas cuya cualidad esencial es la de conformar el derecho fundamental de organización del Estado. Ya no sólo en cuanto a lo material, sino en lo formal, la supremacía constitucional versa sobre su condición de predominio formal sobre las otras normas jurídicas que componen el ordenamiento jurídico que se trate. No sería absurdo llamarla norma de normas, ni ley de leyes, si nos referimos a su función organizativa del Estado de derecho y su señalamiento dentro del mismo como norma suprema por la propia fuerza normativa de la Constitución.
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in spinal trauma
Authors: Ahuja Ajit , Wadnere Nitin , Behl Simran 
Published: February 2021

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for evaluation of ligamentous and other spinal cord, soft tissue structures, disc, and occult osseous injuries. Objective evaluate the role of MRI as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in patient with spinal trauma.Methods: This study was conducted in department of radiodiagnosis, Sri Aurobindo institute of medical sciences and PG institute, Indore and approval from the ethical and research committee. The duration of this study was April 2018 to May 2020. We included 60 patients of spinal trauma referred for MRI in this study.Results: In 32 (53.3%) patients the mode of injury was road traffic accidents, in 23 (38.3%) patients it was fall and in 5 (8.3%) patients the mode of injury was any other mode. There was significant difference seen between the MR cord hemorrhage, cord compression, and code transaction.Conclusions: MRI is an excellent modality for imaging of acute spinal trauma. Normal cord on baseline MRI predicts excellent outcome. When comparing patients with complete, incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) and spine trauma without SCI, significant difference was seen in cord hemorrhage, cord transection, cord compression.
Microbiological and antibiotic profile of osteomyelitis in tertiary care hospital
Authors: A. B. Vijayakumar , Reddy Yerriswamy Parvatha , B. Suphala , Gopalakrishnan Ananya , C. S. Vinod Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Background: Osteomyelitis has been continuing as the most important cause of morbidity among patients with bone infections. Constant change in the trend of organisms involved and resistance pattern has made management of osteomyelitis cases difficult. With this background present study aimed to look for the changing trends of microorganisms involved in osteomyelitis and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: A total of 100 cases studied over a period of two years. Samples collected were processed by standard microbiological techniques and antimicrobial testing was done as per the clinical and laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: Among 100 cases, 62 were males and 38 were females, with the mean age of all the patient was 51.6±12.32 years. 64% of the patient were diabetic patients. Long bones are most involved with trauma (45%) as risk factor. Staphylococcus aureus (24.2%) predominant pathogen isolated followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.2%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (16.7%). Antibiotic sensitivity testing of gram positive organisms showed hundred percent sensitivity to vancomycin and gram negative bacteria showed highest sensitivity to cefoperazone+sulbactam, piperacillin+tazobactam, meropenem and imipenem. Conclusions: Osteomyelitis caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and carbapenem resistance gram negative bacteria is a serious concern. Since multidrug resistant strains have emerged in osteomyelitis cases, emphasis should be given for hygiene and targeted antibiotherapy.
A Comparison on the Voltage Output of Al-Cu Primary Battery with its Electrolyte being Coca Cola With and Without Sugar
Authors: Li Yantong 
Published: February 2021

<div>For the primary battery, different electrolyte will affect the voltage output of the battery. In this paper, the influence of sugar on the output voltage was studied by taking Coca Cola as an example. The results show that there is a certain difference between the effect of electrolyte with and without sugar, but the specific reason is not clear, because the formula of beverage is a secret. Further experiments are needed to draw a conclusion.</div><p> </p><p> </p>
INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR DE CRIANÇAS COM AUTISMO EM FOCO: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES NA VOZ DOS PROFISSIONAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Pagani Josiani Gerardi , Paim Fernanda Regina Luvison 
Published: February 2021

A pesquisa a seguir analisou, pela perspectiva dos profissionais envolvidos, o percurso da inclusão de crianças com autismo, em uma escola regular, no município de Ermo/SC. O objetivo desta pesquisa surgiu em decorrência de um estágio não obrigatório, que esta pesquisadora realizou durante o Curso de Pedagogia, em que acompanhou uma menina com autismo, desde o diagnóstico. O corpo teórico do trabalho configurou-se a partir de estudos da legislação e da contribuição de autores como Mantoan (2013, 2015) e Orrú (2017). Como metodologia, optou-se pela pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e descritivo, utilizando a técnica de Grupo Focal, que reuniu os seguintes profissionais: Coordenadora Pedagógica, Auxiliar de Ensino, Pedagogas e a Professora de Artes; com o foco de discutir inclusão e Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Os resultados indicam que os profissionais da escola onde foi realizada a pesquisa acreditam na educação inclusiva e preparam-se para melhor atender a este público. Torna-se necessário ressaltar, que não há a pretensão de apresentar um modelo de inclusão (ideal), mas justamente dar visibilidade às situações reais do fazer pedagógico. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Educação Especial Inclusiva; Escola Regular; Profissionais da Educação; Inclusão; Transtorno do Espectro Autista.
ПЕРВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ ПО ИЗОТОПНОМУ СОСТАВУ ПЛАСТОВЫХ ВОД РАЗРАБАТЫВАЕМЫХ НЕФТЯНЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ НОВОСИБИРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Новиков Дмитрий Анатольевич , Пыряев Александр Николаевич , Черных Анатолий Витальевич , Дульцев Федор Федорович , Рыжкова Светлана Владимировна 
Published: February 2021

Актуальность исследования состоит в решении вопросов изотопной геохимии подземных вод нефтегазоносных отложений крупных артезианских бассейнов. Воды нефтегазоносных отложений рассматриваемого региона практически не изучены с точки зрения распределения стабильных изотопов δD, δ18O, δ13С и изотопных отношений 87Rb/86Sr и 87Sr/86Sr. Цель: выявление особенностей генезиса подземных вод и взаимодействия в системе «вода – горная порода» с позиций изотопной геохимии. Методы. Анализ комплекса изотопных отношений δD, δ18O, δ13СDIC вод и растворенного неорганического углерода (Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC)) проводился в центре коллективного пользования Института геологии и минералогии им. В.С. Соболева СО РАН с помощью прибора Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer FinniganTM MAT 253. Изотопные отношения 87Sr86/Sr и 87Rb/86Sr изучались на масс-спектрометре MI 1201T в двухленточном режиме с регистрацией на одном коллекторе. Результаты. Изучены отношения изотопов δD, δ18O, δ13СDIC, 87Sr/86Sr и 87Rb/86Sr для вод разрабатываемых нефтяных месторождений Новосибирской области. Показано наличие в гидрогеологическом разрезе двух основных генетических типов подземных вод: древних инфильтрогенных и седиментогенных. Для большинства изученных вод пара изотопных отношений δD-δ18О указывает на сочетание двух определяющих факторов: исходное обеднение вод легким изотопом 16O в период «до захоронения» на величину до 4–5 ‰ в результате климатического воздействия; дальнейшее насыщение вод тяжелым изотопом 18O в ходе длительного WRI, приведшее к утяжелению изотопного состава при умеренных условиях на дополнительные 2–3 ‰. Значения δ13CDIC ряда вод позволили предположить бактериальное происхождение водорастворенной углекислоты. Для вод, температура которых превышает 90 °C, наблюдается явный положительный сдвиг изотопного соотношения δ13CDIC до величин, отвечающих «нормальным» значениям изотопных отношений углерода в термальных водах: от –8 до +4 ‰ VPDB. Для исследованных подземных вод характерно низкое значение отношения 87Sr/86Sr сравнительно вод современного океана. Предполагается значительный вклад мантийных источников стронция, проявляющегося в разной степени для вод различных месторождений.
Investigation of cognitive, psychomotor and social emotional progress in primary schools by directors’ ideas
Authors: Tehdit Huseyin 
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to identify the ideas of the directors about the progress of cognitive, psychomotor and social-emotional skills of the primary fifth-grade teaching programme. This study is qualitative and it is conducted by case study and intertwined case patterns. A total of 12 directors (7 principals and 5 assistant principals) participated in this study who are working in schools in Nicosia district. These schools are linked to the Ministry of Education. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and were analysed by content analysis. According to the results of this study, students studying in the fifth grade reached the teaching programme’s aims, i.e., 59.83% in the cognitive domain, 42.2% in the psychomotor domain and 76.52% in the social-emotional progress domain. The negative reasons of these results respectively are teachers, individual differences, teaching programme, curriculum incompatibility, lack of infrastructure and college exams.

Keywords: Cognitive development, teaching programme, psychomotor development (motor), social-emotional development (affective).
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning Melalui Instagram untuk Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Daring pada Materi Globalisasi
Authors: Rindawati Vivin 
Published: February 2021

<p>Menerapkan konsep abstrak pada pembelajaran daring tidaklah mudah. Hal ini berdampak pada hasil pembelajaran yang tidak maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui partisipasi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran daring melalui jejaring social Instagram dengan model pembelajaran <em>discovery learning</em>. Subyek penelitian ini berjumlah 32 orang yaitu 26 perempuan dan 6 laki-laki. Peserta didik adalah kelas XII IPS 4 di SMA N 2 Cepu, Kabupaten Blora. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dari data yang diperoleh dalam siklus I dan siklus II Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan hasil tes evaluasi di akhir pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian pada pra siklus melalui evaluasi pembelajaran menunjukkan peserta didik yang tidak tuntas adalah 22 peserta didik atau 68,75 % atau dari jumlah keseluruhan satu kelas yaitu 32. Pada siklus I jumlah peserta didik yang tidak tuntas sudah berkurang menjadi 53 % atau 17 orang dan pada siklus ke II peserta didik yang tidak tuntas berkurang hingga 18,75% atau 6 peserta didik . kesimpulan dari Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini, dengan partisipasi penggunaan Instagram dalam pembelajaran daring materi globalisasi dapat mempermudah peserta didik dalam menemukan konsep sosiologi yang bersifat abstrak menjadi lebih konkret.</p>