bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full arch rehabilitation in patients with atrophic upper jaws with zygomatic implants: a systematic review
Authors: Gracher Ana Helena Pereira , de Moura Marcos Boaventura , da Silva Peres Patrícia , Thomé Geninho , Padovan Luís Eduardo Marques , Trojan Larissa Carvalho 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The main objective of this systematic review was to present the outcomes of the treatment with zygomatic implants (ZIs) in the rehabilitations of atrophic upper jaw.

Findings
An electronic database search in PubMed, along with a manual search, taking into account language and study period, was performed by two observers; any type of clinical trial and series that included the use of ZIs was used. In the search strategy, the following search terms were used: zygom* AND dental (Implant OR implants) AND edentulous NOT (biomechanic* OR finite element) NOT cadaver. The search was limited to English language, full text, and humans. Literature reviews and clinical case reports were not considered. Forty-two articles published between March 2003 and April 2019 were included in this analysis. The cases of 1247 patients were recovered; these patients received 2919 ZIs. Fifty-two ZIs were removed during the follow-up time. The survival rate of these implants was 98.22%, with a minimum follow-up of 1 month and a maximum of 228 months. Different surgical techniques were used to place ZIs; however, the intrasinusal technique was the most used (23 studies). Post-surgical sinusitis was the most common complication reported in the studies (39 cases).

Conclusions
Based on this review, ZIs were commonly used for rehabilitation of patients with atrophic upper jaw. The survival rates presented were high, and the surgical technique is dependent on the professional experience and the local anatomy. However, it needed additional clinical evidence on bone resorption, esthetic outcomes, and physiological characteristics.
Sliding mode controller design for frequency regulation in an interconnected power system
Authors: Kumar Anand , Anwar Md Nishat , Kumar Shekhar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a Sliding mode controller design method for frequency regulation in an interconnected power system is presented. A sliding surface having four parameters has been selected for the load frequency control (LFC) system model. In order to achieve an optimal result, the parameter of the controller is obtained by grey wolf optimization (GWO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques. The objective function for optimization has been considered as the integral of square of error of deviation in frequency and tie-line power exchange. The method has been validated through simulation of a single area as well as a multi-area power system. The performance of the Sliding mode controller has also been analyzed for parametric variation and random loading patterns. The performance of the proposed method is better than recently reported methods. The performance of the proposed Sliding mode controller via GWO has 88.91% improvement in peak value of frequency deviation over the method of Anwar and Pan in case study 1 and similar improvement has been observed over different case studies taken from the literature.
Ventricular late potentials measured by signal-averaged electrocardiogram in young professional soccer players
Authors: Lee Jung Myung , Chung Hyemoon , Kim Hyung-Oh , Woo Jong-Shin , Kim Soo Joong , Kim Weon , Kim Woo Shik , Kim Jin-Bae 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and objectives
Athlete’s heart is characterized by structural cardiac changes, including enlargement and hypertrophy. However, exercise-induced cardiac electrical remodeling is not well known in Asian athletes. We sought to evaluate the association between vigorous exercise and the development of abnormal late potential on signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG).

Method
We analyzed 48 Korean professional soccer players and 71 healthy sedentary controls who underwent SAECG and transthoracic echocardiography at Kyung Hee University Hospital. An SAECG was considered abnormal (positive for ventricular late potential) when any one of the three following criteria was met: filtered QRS duration > 114 ms, root-mean-square voltage in the terminal 40 ms < 20 uV, or a voltage < 40 uV for more than 38 ms.

Results
Fragmented QRS was more commonly found in athletes (1.4% vs. 10.4%). Athletes demonstrated significantly higher proportion of filtered QRS duration > 114 ms (7.0% vs. 22.9%, P = 0.013) and lower terminal QRS root-mean-square voltage < 20 uV (5.6% vs. 20.8%, P = 0.012). Ventricular late potential on SAECG was significantly more frequent in athletes (15.5% vs. 35.4%, P = 0.012). Regarding echocardiographic parameters, the athletes had larger cardiac chamber size; however, these differences became non-significant after adjustment for body surface area, except left ventricular mass index (65.7 ± 12.7 g/m2 vs. 84.7 ± 17.7 g/m2, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Abnormal SAECG findings were significantly more common in athletes than in controls. Further study is needed to determine the clinical impact of these abnormal SAECGs in athletes and cardiac outcomes in the long term.
Consanguinity, inbreeding coefficient, fertility and birth-outcome in population of Okara district, Pakistan
Authors: Nawaz Aqeela , Zaman Muhammad , Malik Sajid 
Published: February 2021

Objectives: This study was aimed to illustrate the determents of consanguinity and inbreeding coefficient-F (ICF) in the population of Okara district of Pakistan and to elucidate the impact of consanguinity on fertility and birth outcome.
Methods: Through a cross-sectional sampling design, 1,521 married women were recruited from Okara district during 2016-2017. Data on demographic variables, marital union types, subject’s fertility, and reproductive outcome, were gathered in face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were employed.
Results: The prevalence of consanguineous unions (CU) was calculated to be 61% yielding ICF=0.0356. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that six variables including younger age at marriage, joint family structure, caste-system of spouse, exchange marriage, matrimonial distance, and parental consanguinity, were significant predictors of consanguinity. The women having CU had significantly higher mean fertility, mean live-births and mean live-born sons compared with subjects having non-consanguineous unions (NCU). However, there were no significant differences in the average mortalities, i.e., prenatal, postnatal and <5 years, between the mothers with CU and NCU.
Conclusion: The prevalence of consanguineous unions (CU) in Okara district is quite high like other inbred populations of Pakistan. The striking findings of this study are the higher mean fertility and mean live-births in women with CU. The likely reasons underlying this phenomenon have been discussed.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.2263
How to cite this:Nawaz A, Zaman M, Malik S. Consanguinity, inbreeding coefficient, fertility and birth-outcome in population of Okara district, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):770-775. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.2263
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Prevalence-pattern and risk factors of Cesarean section in a multiethnic cohort
Authors: Murtaza Khadija , Chaudhry Madeeha , Nazeer Shabana , Malik Sajid 
Published: February 2021

Objective: This study was aimed to elucidate the prevalence-pattern and determinant of cesarean section (CS) in a multiethnic cohort from Pakistan.
Methods: Through a cross-sectional study design, women delivering at a tertiary care center were recruited during 2013-2017. Data on socio-demographic variables, obstetric complications and birth outcome were obtained. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results: A total of 5,275 pregnant women were recruited and 43% of the deliveries underwent CS. Odds of CS were significantly higher in subjects originating from Azad JammuKashmir and Sindh regions, speaking Potohari and Pahari languages, women in advance ages, and those who were housewives. CS had significantly lower odds of prenatal mortality but increased odds of postnatal mortality. Obstetric factors that appeared to be significant predictors of CS were multiparity, breech position, fetal distress, oligohydroamniosis, preeclampsia, and previous scar.
Conclusion: This study revealed high variability in CS in various socio-demographic strata of study population. The obstetric complications highlighted in this study may be reduced by proper perinatal counseling and pregnancy monitoring and should be the focus of intervention programs as suggested in the Millennium Development Goals.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3186
How to cite this:Murtaza K, Chaudhry M, Nazeer S, Malik S. Prevalence-pattern and risk factors of Cesarean section in a multiethnic cohort. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):711-715. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3186
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Principles of open, transparent and reproducible science in author guidelines of sleep research and chronobiology journals
Authors: Spitschan Manuel , Schmidt Marlene H. , Blume Christine 
Published: February 2021

Background: "Open science" is an umbrella term describing various aspects of transparent and open science practices. The adoption of practices at different levels of the scientific process (e.g., individual researchers, laboratories, institutions) has been rapidly changing the scientific research landscape in the past years, but their uptake differs from discipline to discipline. Here, we asked to what extent journals in the field of sleep research and chronobiology encourage or even require following transparent and open science principles in their author guidelines. Methods: We scored the author guidelines of a comprehensive set of 27 sleep and chronobiology journals, including the major outlets in the field, using the standardised Transparency and Openness (TOP) Factor. The TOP Factor is a quantitative summary of the extent to which journals encourage or require following various aspects of open science, including data citation, data transparency, analysis code transparency, materials transparency, design and analysis guidelines, study pre-registration, analysis plan pre-registration, replication, registered reports, and the use of open science badges. Results: Across the 27 journals, we find low values on the TOP Factor (median [25 th, 75 th percentile] 3 [1, 3], min. 0, max. 9, out of a total possible score of 29) in sleep research and chronobiology journals. Conclusions: Our findings suggest an opportunity for sleep research and chronobiology journals to further support recent developments in transparent and open science by implementing transparency and openness principles in their author guidelines.
Quality of Geometric Education in Various Approaches to Teaching Methods
Authors: Sal'kov N. 
Published: February 2021

In the 2017-18 and 2018-19 academic years, in Moscow State Academic Art Institute named after V.I. Surikov a two-year experiment for architecture students on determination variances in different approaches to teaching methods for geometric education was conducted. The experiment was caused by the fact that many teachers believe that if there are computers in the Institute, it is necessary to use graphic programs as soon as possible – immediately introduce students to work on the computer even without allocating hours for this. No one wants to prevent implementation of computers, but we must not forget some nuances related to high technology. As in any case connected with complex hardware unknown for future users, here at the University, at the beginning it is also necessary to teach students how to work with the graphics program itself, and only then allow them perform geometric problems. You can give such an example: put an untrained person at the control panel of interceptor missiles and force him to shoot down a border trespasser in combat conditions. They will notify us that we are engaged in voluntarism. However to put an untrained student at a computer and forcing him to solve a purely geometric problem immediately is not voluntarism. Is it?
The experiment had showed that a student, even if he knows how to solve a particular problem, is not ready at all to perform it immediately on a computer in a graphic software. He begin to lose a lot of time getting familiar with the program and only after obtaining at least a minimum of knowledge about working with this program becomes ready to start the task.
Joint Estimation and Robustness Optimization
Authors: Zhu Taozeng , Xie Jingui , Sim Melvyn 
Published: February 2021

Many real-world optimization problems have input parameters estimated from data whose inherent imprecision can lead to fragile solutions that may impede desired objectives and/or render constraints infeasible. We propose a joint estimation and robustness optimization (JERO) framework to mitigate estimation uncertainty in optimization problems by seamlessly incorporating both the parameter estimation procedure and the optimization problem. Toward that end, we construct an uncertainty set that incorporates all of the data, and the size of the uncertainty set is based on how well the parameters are estimated from that data when using a particular estimation procedure: regressions, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and maximum likelihood estimation (among others). The JERO model maximizes the uncertainty set’s size and so obtains solutions that—unlike those derived from models dedicated strictly to robust optimization—are immune to parameter perturbations that would violate constraints or lead to objective function values exceeding their desired levels. We describe several applications and provide explicit formulations of the JERO framework for a variety of estimation procedures. To solve the JERO models with exponential cones, we develop a second-order conic approximation that limits errors beyond an operating range; with this approach, we can use state-of-the-art second-order conic programming solvers to solve even large-scale convex optimization problems. This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, Management Science Special Section on Data-Driven Prescriptive Analytics.
The effect of perceived social support on psychological distress and life satisfaction among Nepalese migrants in Japan
Authors: Khatiwada Januka , Muzembo Basilua Andre , Wada Koji , Ikeda Shunya 
Published: February 2021

Background
The world is becoming individualized due to modernization. International migration is one of the factors that lead to family dissociation and a lack of social support. Social support is viewed as a crucial factor that contributes to psychological well-being and satisfaction with life among migrants. However, very little is known about the impacts of social support on psychological distress and satisfaction with life among migrants. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the association of perceived social support with psychological distress and satisfaction with life among Nepalese migrants, and we evaluated the factors associated with receiving social support.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of Nepalese migrants (N = 249) living in Tokyo. Self-administered online questionnaires were distributed using social networks and chain referral methods. The measures included the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the General Health Questionnaire, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. Descriptive analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 25.

Results
The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 31.8 years old (7.3). The family, friends, and significant others subscales of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support were negatively correlated with psychological distress (p<0.01). The family subscale was positively correlated with satisfaction with life (p<0.05), and the friend and significant others subscales were positively correlated with satisfaction with life (p<0.01). Social support from the family was significantly and negatively associated with the type of visa (Beta = -0.160, p = 0.049), and marital status was negatively associated with support from significant others (Beta = -0.175, p = 0.024).

Conclusion
Social support from family, friends, and significant others was found to be influential in decreasing psychological distress and increasing satisfaction with life among Nepalese migrants in Tokyo. Strengthing social support system through the expansion of interpersonal network may help minimize the psychological distress
Clinical benefit for clinical sequencing using cancer panel testing
Authors: Nishimura Sadaaki , Sugimoto Atsushi , Kushiyama Shuhei , Togano Shingo , Kuroda Kenji , Yamamoto Yurie , Yamauchi Makoto , Sumi Toshiyuki , Kaneda Hiroyasu , Kawaguchi Tomoya , Kato Minoru , Tagami Mizuki , Oebisu Naoto , Hoshi Manabu , Kimura Kenjiro , Kubo Shoji , Muguruma Kazuya , Takashima Tsutomu , Ohira Masaichi , Yashiro Masakazu 
Published: February 2021

Background
Clinical sequencing using a panel of genes has recently been applied worldwide for patients with refractory solid tumors, but the significance of clinical sequencing using gene panel testing remains uncertain. Here we sought to clarify the feasibility and utility of clinical sequencing in the treatment of refractory tumors at our hospital.

Methods
A total of 39 patients with advanced solid tumors treated at our hospital between 2018 and 2020 were enrolled in the clinical sequencing. Among them, we identified 36 patients whose tissue samples were of suitable quality for clinical sequencing, and we analyzed the genomic profiles of these tumors.

Results
Pathogenic alterations were detected in 28 (78%) of the 36 patients. The most common mutation was TP53 (55%), followed by KRAS (22%), and the highest frequency of gene amplification was ERBB2 (17%). Nine of the 36 patients were identified as candidates for novel molecular-targeted therapy based on their actionable gene alterations, but only one case ended up receiving novel targeted therapy following the genetic tests.

Conclusions
Our current results suggested that clinical sequencing might be useful for the detection of pathogenic alterations and the management of additional cancer treatment. However, molecular target based on actionable genomic alteration does not always bridge to subsequent therapy due to clinical deterioration, refusal for unapproved drug, and complexity of clinical trial access. Both improved optimal timing of clinical sequencing and a consensus about its off-label use might help patients receive greater benefit from clinical sequencing.
PATRONES ARGUMENTATIVOS EN DISCURSOS ACADÉMICOS DE ANTROPOLOGÍA Y SOCIOLOGÍA: EL ROL DE LA METÁFORA GRAMATICAL
Authors: Wiefling Fernanda 
Published: February 2021

Este artículo aborda distintas funciones de la metáfora gramatical en los patrones argumentativos de textos académicos de antropología y sociología. El análisis se realiza desde las perspectivas teórico-metodológicas de la Lingüística Sistémico Funcional, en particular desde algunos recursos ideacionales y textuales.
El análisis revela que la metáfora ideacional (experiencial y lógica) construye un lenguaje especializado en las disciplinas a través de taxonomías y empaquetamiento de información. En sus explicaciones los autores utilizan recursos del lenguaje, para construir abstracción y generalización, en los que tienden a acoplar significados ideacionales e interpersonales, generando textos con densidad semántica y heteroglosia.
Increased COVID-19 infections in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a population-based study
Authors: Subramanian Anuradhaa , Anand Astha , Adderley Nicola J , Okoth Kelvin , Toulis Konstantinos A , Gokhale Krishna , Sainsbury Christopher , O’Reilly Michael W , Arlt Wiebke , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah 
Published: February 2021

Objective
Several recent observational studies have linked metabolic comorbidities to an increased risk from COVID-19. Here we investigated whether women with PCOS are at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection.

Design
Population-based closed cohort study between 31 January 2020 and 22 July 2020 in the setting of a UK primary care database (The Health Improvement Network, THIN).

Methods
The main outcome was the incidence of COVID-19 coded as suspected or confirmed by the primary care provider. We used Cox proportional hazards regression model with stepwise inclusion of explanatory variables (age, BMI, impaired glucose regulation, androgen excess, anovulation, vitamin D deficiency, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease) to provide unadjusted and adjusted hazard risks (HR) of COVID-19 infection among women with PCOS compared to women without PCOS.

Results
We identified 21 292 women with a coded diagnosis of PCO/PCOS and randomly selected 78 310 aged and general practice matched control women. The crude COVID-19 incidence was 18.1 and 11.9 per 1000 person-years among women with and without PCOS, respectively. Age-adjusted Cox regression analysis suggested a 51% higher risk of COVID-19 among women with PCOS compared to women without PCOS (HR: 1.51 (95% CI: 1.27–1.80), P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and BMI, HR reduced to 1.36 (1.14–1.63)], P = 0.001. In the fully adjusted model, women with PCOS had a 28% increased risk of COVID-19 (aHR: 1.28 (1.05–1.56), P = 0.015).

Conclusion
Women with PCOS are at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and should be specifically encouraged to adhere to infection control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Significance statement
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of cardio-metabolic disease, which have been identified as a risk factor for COVID-19. To investigate whether the increased metabolic risk in PCOS translates into an increased risk of COVID-19 infection, we carried out a population-based closed cohort study in the UK during its first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (January to July 2020), including 21 292 women with PCOS and 78 310 controls matched for sex, age and general practice location. Results revealed a 52% increased risk of COVID-19 infection in women with PCOS, which remained increased at 28% above controls after adjustment for age, BMI, impaired glucose regulation and other explanatory variables.