bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions Related to Antibiotics
in Primary Healthcare in Greece
Authors: Toska Aikaterini , Geitona Mary , Latsou Dimitra , Saridi Maria 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is a challenging matter for
healthcare professionals who contribute significantly to the pharmacovigilance system through
their participation inspontaneous reporting.

Objective:
The objective of this study was the detection and reporting of ADRs related to antibiotics
in primary health care in the region of Peloponnese.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in all national health system primary health units
of the Peloponnese region in Greece. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a total of
404 physicians who provided services in these settings. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis
was performed using the SPSS 25.0. Levels of significance were two-tailed and statistical significance
was set at p =0.05.

Results:
306 out of 404 physicians responded to the questionnaire, giving a response rate of
75.8%. 81.6% of physicians stated that they rarely observe ADRs related to antibiotic administration
during their practice, 49.8% rarely report them, and 33.7% never report them. Non-serious
side effects (42.5%), physicians’ workload (24.1%), and the lack of knowledge about the reporting
obligation (20.6%) have been declared as the main reasons of non - reporting. In addition, physicians
with ≤10 years of clinical practice rarely reported that they experienced ADRs after antibiotics’
administration compared to those with more work experience and specialized physicians (p=
0.001).

Conclusion:
ADRs reporting rates among physicians in primary healthcare are low. Changes in
physicians’ attitudes are vital and can be achieved through consistent and continuous training programs
as well as the inclusion of ADRs and pharmacovigilance themes into the tertiary education
curricula.
The Current Status of Sociopolitical and Legal Issues Faced by
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Questioning
Youth
Authors: Ramos Natalia , Burgess Alexis , Ollen Elizabeth 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Adolescents today have unprecedented and uninterrupted
access to news and current events through broadcast and social media. Lesbian,
gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) adolescents may be
especially cognizant of media and public discourse pertaining to law and policy
changes affecting the legal rights of their communities. The minority stress
framework explains how sociopolitical discourse impacts mental health among
sexual and gender minority youths.

Objectives:
This paper identifies and describes contemporary sociopolitical and
legal issues that may impact LGBTQ adolescents’ mental health.

Methods:
Authors describe the minority stress framework as applied to gender and
sexual identity and explore key sociopolitical and legal topics relevant to LGBTQ
adolescents, including employment; medical care bans; health insurance coverage;
conversion therapy; religious exemptions in health care; housing rights; and rights
in schools and school districts, including participation in sports.

Results:
LGBTQ youth experience rejection, prejudice, and discrimination directly
through adverse legislative or administrative action and more pervasively through
the dominant cultural beliefs and sociopolitical messaging that such developments
manifest.

Conclusion:
Mental health clinicians who are aware of legal issues and
sociopolitical debate pertinent to LGBTQ rights are better prepared to address their
significant impact on LGBTQ adolescents’ mental health.
Home-Based Exercise Program for Patients With Combined Advanced Chronic Cardiac and Pulmonary Diseases: Exploratory Study
Authors: Herkert Cyrille , Graat-Verboom Lidwien , Gilsing-Fernhout Judith , Schols Manon , Kemps Hareld Marijn Clemens 
Published: November 2021

Background
As chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases often coexist, there is a need for combined physical home-based rehabilitation programs, specifically addressing older patients with advanced disease stages.

Objective
The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the completion and adherence rates of an 8-week, home-based exercise program for patients with advanced cardiopulmonary disease. The secondary end points include patient satisfaction; adverse events; and program efficacy in terms of change in functional capacity, level of dyspnea, and health-related quality of life.

Methods
The participants received a goal-oriented, home-based exercise program, and they used a wrist-worn activity tracker to record their exercise sessions. Activity tracker data were made visible on a digital platform, which was also equipped with several other features such as short instruction videos on how to perform specific exercises. The participants received weekly coaching by a physiotherapist and an occupational therapist through video communication.

Results
In all, 10 patients with advanced combined cardiopulmonary disease participated (median age 71, IQR 63-75 years), and 50% (5/10) were men. Of the 10 participants, 9 (90%) completed the 8-week program. Median adherence to the exercise prescription was 75% (IQR 37%-88%), but it declined significantly when the program was divided into 2-week periods (first 2 weeks: 86%, IQR 51%-100%, and final 2 weeks: 57%, IQR 8%-75%; P=.03). The participants were highly satisfied with the program (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire: median score 29, IQR 26-32, and Purpose-Designed Questionnaire: median score 103, IQR 92-108); however, of the 9 participants, 4 (44%) experienced technical issues. The Patient-Specific Complaints Instrument scores declined, indicating functional improvement (from median 7.5, IQR 6.1-8.9, to median 5.7, IQR 3.8-6.7; P=.01). Other program efficacy metrics showed a trend toward improvement.

Conclusions
Home-based cardiopulmonary telerehabilitation for patients with severe combined cardiopulmonary disease is feasible in terms of high completion and satisfaction rates. Nevertheless, a decrease in adherence during the program was observed, and some of the participants reported difficulties with the technology, indicating the importance of the integration of behavior change techniques, using appropriate technology.

Trial Registration
Netherlands Trial Register NL9182; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/9182
Sequential Data–Based Patient Similarity Framework for Patient Outcome Prediction: Algorithm Development
Authors: Wang Ni , Wang Muyu , Zhou Yang , Liu Honglei , Wei Lan , Fei Xiaolu , Chen Hui 
Published: November 2021

Background
Sequential information in electronic medical records is valuable and helpful for patient outcome prediction but is rarely used for patient similarity measurement because of its unevenness, irregularity, and heterogeneity.

Objective
We aimed to develop a patient similarity framework for patient outcome prediction that makes use of sequential and cross-sectional information in electronic medical record systems.

Methods
Sequence similarity was calculated from timestamped event sequences using edit distance, and trend similarity was calculated from time series using dynamic time warping and Haar decomposition. We also extracted cross-sectional information, namely, demographic, laboratory test, and radiological report data, for additional similarity calculations. We validated the effectiveness of the framework by constructing k–nearest neighbors classifiers to predict mortality and readmission for acute myocardial infarction patients, using data from (1) a public data set and (2) a private data set, at 3 time points—at admission, on Day 7, and at discharge—to provide early warning patient outcomes. We also constructed state-of-the-art Euclidean-distance k–nearest neighbor, logistic regression, random forest, long short-term memory network, and recurrent neural network models, which were used for comparison.

Results
With all available information during a hospitalization episode, predictive models using the similarity model outperformed baseline models based on both public and private data sets. For mortality predictions, all models except for the logistic regression model showed improved performances over time. There were no such increasing trends in predictive performances for readmission predictions. The random forest and logistic regression models performed best for mortality and readmission predictions, respectively, when using information from the first week after admission.

Conclusions
For patient outcome predictions, the patient similarity framework facilitated sequential similarity calculations for uneven electronic medical record data and helped improve predictive performance.
Legal Thinking in the Interwar Latvian Senate
Authors: Apse Diāna 
Published: November 2021

In this article, the author researches and analyses the legal thinking created by Senators A. Lēbers and M. Čakste, aspects of interdisciplinary interaction of subsidiary sources and branches of law in the interwar Latvian Senate. The findings made by the senators of interwar Latvia (in the capacity of rapporteurs on a case, members of the court’s composition) help to explore the historical events and the legal culture of the respective age by reading the primary sources. In the conditions of contemporary legal system, the described cases and legal institutions mostly have similar regulation and could be useful for the development of the case law on the respective matter. Interaction of subsidiary sources, in particular, the used findings of the doctrine build bridges across ages and promote the continuity of uniform case law and understanding of law. The range of resolved legal matters pertained to a broad area of law – branches of law, interdisciplinary aspects of the legal system. The scientific contribution by Senators A. Lēbers and M. Čakste is universal and significant in the context of European and global thinking. Notwithstanding the circumstances, they remained loyal to democratic Latvia.
Aporte de la geografía al análisis de la gestión de crisis
Authors: ROBERT Jérémy 
Published: November 2021

Resumen de articulo (en español): Las crisis en el medio urbano representan un desafío mayor para las sociedades contemporáneas. Al cuestionar los esquemas de pensamiento y los modos de respuestas, estas recuerdan constantemente la necesidad de producción de conocimientos. Tratada por numerosas disciplinas en ciencias sociales, la gestión de las crisis ha sido abordada rara vez por los geógrafos, aún cuando las dimensiones espaciales y territoriales de las crisis son innegables. Dentro de este contexto, el artículo propone fijar los hitos de una geografía de la gestión de crisis. Luego de una presentación de las especificidades de las crisis en el medio urbano, este rastrea los diferentes acercamientos de la cuestión dados por los geógrafos y propone un enfoque original que aborda frontalmente las dimensiones espaciales y territoriales del manejo de las situaciones de crisis. La reflexión se apoya en gran parte sobre el trabajo de tesis realizado en Lima en 2008 y 2012, que propone una geografía de la gestión de crisis a partir de la accesibilidad a los cuidados de la salud en situación de emergencia y de la vulnerabilidad del territorio (Robert, 2012).
Do Firms Redact Information from Material Contracts to Conceal Bad News?
Authors: Bao Dichu , Kim Yongtae , Su Lixin (Nancy) 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allows firms to redact information from material contracts by submitting confidential treatment requests if redacted information is not material and would cause competitive harm upon public disclosure. This study examines whether managers use confidential treatment requests to conceal bad news. We show that confidential treatment requests are positively associated with residual short interest, a proxy for managers' private negative information. This positive association is more pronounced for firms with lower litigation risk, higher executive equity incentives, and lower external monitoring. Confidential treatment requests filed by firms with higher residual short interests are associated with higher stock price crash risk and poorer future performance. Collectively, our results suggest that managers redact information from material contracts to conceal bad news.
Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources identified in the study.
Ideology Restart: Liberal Project and Pandemic. Lessons of 2020
Authors: Mezhuev Boris V. , Birrjukov Sergey V. , Vanchugov Vasily V. , Ulyanova Lyubov V. 
Published: November 2021

The present article is an abridged version of the paper of the “Russian Idea” site editors staff devoted to the ideological transformation in the Western countries and Russia in 2020, – the year of COVID pandemic and dramatic elections in the USA. The paper was drawn before the results of the elections were made public, but still it contains the correct forecast of the electoral victory of the liberal establishment representative. The authors also made the hypothesis confirmed by further course of events, that the winner of the ideological contest of 2020 would be the ideology described by the authors as the “new Atlantism”, – the doctrine about the Atlantic coalition interests priority over the national interests of the countries composing the coalition. The paper also forecasts the defeat of populism and Trumpism: in fact, having initiated the new cold war against China the supporters of those trends in the USA will surrender the initiative to their ideological opponents who are much more experienced in leading cold wars. On the basis of these conclusions the authors make the assumption of which new ideologies opposing the liberal establishment would be adopted by the conservative-minded intellectuals, and which conservative strategies could be of current importance for Russia as well.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Flipped Learning dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Sahara Rani , Sofya Rani 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to reveal the effect of applying the learning model and learning motivation on student learning outcomes. This type of research used a quantitative approach, especially quasi-experiments. Population in this study all students of class XI 2 Painan. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The sample in this study amounted to 63 students. Data analysis techniques used questionnaires and tests. Data analysis techniques used were descriptive analysis, normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Differences in learning outcomes obtained between students who have high learning motivation in class who apply the flipped learning model (2) Differences in learning outcomes obtained between students who have low learning motivation in the class applying conventional models (3) Differences learning outcomes obtained between students who have high learning motivation in the class implementing the flipped learning model and students who have high learning motivation in the class applying conventional models (4) Differences learning outcomes obtained between students who have low learning motivation in the class implementing the flipped learning model and students who have low learning motivation in the class applying conventional models (5) There is no interaction between learning models and learning motivation in influencing learning outcomes.Keywords : flipped learning model, learning motivation, learning outcomes
Low bone mineral density in Thai children with systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Chanakul Ankanee , Khunrattanaphon Suriyaphon , Deekajorndech Tawatchai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Improvement of disease recognition and management has increased the survival of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but has shifted the morbidity focus toward long-term complications, such as low bone mass and osteoporosis. Studies in adults with SLE show older age, chronic inflammation, and corticosteroid therapy are risk factors for low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis.

Objectives
To determine the prevalence of and identify risk factors associated with low BMD in Thai children with SLE.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of demographic data and clinical variables for a cohort of 60 Thai children with SLE who underwent 2 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at their initial examination and later follow-up. We considered a BMD z score ≤ −2.0 to indicate low BMD. Binary logistic regression was used to assess risk factors potentially associated with low BMD.

Results
The prevalence of low BMD at the first visit was 40% and increased to 55% over follow-up. We found a significantly decreased hip BMD z score (median difference −0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.40 to −0.05; P = 0.016) and lumbar BMD z score (median difference −0.49, 95% CI −0.69 to −0.28; P < 0.001) over time. The cumulative steroid dose tended to be higher for patients with low BMD (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.17; P = 0.050).

Conclusion
Low BMD has a 40% prevalence in Thai children newly diagnosed with SLE and progresses significantly over time. Higher cumulative corticosteroid dose tended to be associated with a low BMD, but we did not find a significant risk in this small sample.
Research on Simufact simulation data processing system based on QT and MySQL
Authors: Zhao Liang , Gu Hengzhi , Xu Jingxian , Cui Yang , Shuai Chunjiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As the simulation data of the Simufact Additive software was inconvenient to process, QT and structured query language (MySQL) database were used to develop the database to solve the processing of the simulation data. The GUI interface that has the functions of processing and saving the simulation data was designed. The interface developed by QT was used to start the Simufact Additive software, connect to the MySQL database and save the simulation data. The results showed that using MySQL as the management of simulation data has achieved better results in the post-processing of simulation data.
Typifications, new combinations and new synonyms in IndianImpatiens(Balsaminaceae)
Authors: Singh Rajeev Kumar , Borah Dipankar , Taram Momang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOne neotype, three second-step lectotypes and fourty lectotypes are designated for fourty four names in IndianImpatiensto fix the identity and to avoid the misapplication of names. Thirty nine names are synonymized, after a detailed ecological study of live plants in the field and examination of herbarium specimens including types. Six new combinations with change in their status are proposed for six taxa.
The Use of Hydroxyurea in the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Foster Melissa Robin Bowman , Hijazi Ali Atef , Opoku Rebecca , Varghese Priya , Li Chun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction
The rapid worldwide spread of COVID-19 motivated medical professionals to pursue and authenticate appropriate remedies and treatment protocols. This article aims to analyze the potential benefits of one treatment protocol developed by a group of care providers caring for severe COVID-19 patients.

Methods
The clinical findings of COVID-19 patients who were transferred to a specialized care hospital after unsuccessful treatment in previous institutions, were analyzed. The specialized care hospital used a treatment protocol including hydroxyurea, a medication commonly used for sickle cell treatment, to improve respiratory distress in the COVID-19 patients. None of the COVID-19 patients included in the analyzed data were diagnosed with sickle cell, and none had previously taken hydroxyurea for any other conditions.

Results
In all presented cases, patients reverted to their baseline respiratory health after treatment with the hydroxyurea protocol. There was no significant difference in the correlation between COVID-19 and hydroxyurea. However, deaths were extremely low for those taking hydroxyurea.

Conclusions
Fatality numbers were extremely low for those taking hydroxyurea; death could be attributed to other underlying issues.
The B-team: Equal but different?
Authors: Pembroke Luke 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As a person with haemophilia B, I have known there are differences between haemophilia A and haemophilia B and their respective treatment throughout my life – though I was shocked when I learnt about the impact inhibitors can have when it comes to bleeding. Despite being very rare, as well as difficult to manage, in a recent survey reported by Chaplin et al., many nurses had experience in managing haemophilia B inhibitors. Nurses in the survey also thought extended half-life (EHL) factor products would remain the optimal treatment for haemophilia B in 2025. Ongoing clinical trials for novel molecules like concuzimab and fitusiran signal the start of more treatment options for haemophilia B, and the development of gene therapy has focused on haemophilia B in the first instance. But the fact remains that the pharmaceutical industry has focused on developing treatments for the larger haemophilia A market. Could this have distorted perceptions around treatment? In a further ‘perception bias’ that impacts management, some nurses feel there are differences in bleeding phenotype between haemophilia A and B. Garner et al.'s paper discussing rIX-FX, suggests that treatment adherence is better in haemophilia B due to lower dosing frequency, making it an easier treatment option than for haemophilia A. The patient perception may be somewhat different. While dosing schedules in haemophilia B have been more consistent for longer, there has been less pharmacokinetic modelling in haemophilia B and, arguably, less opportunity for truly tailored treatment. Gene therapy has been shown to be more ‘successful’ for haemophilia B than haemophilia A, but emicizumab has raised questions about the need for gene therapy in haemophilia A. Having an ‘emi-equivalent’ for haemophilia B will raise the same questions and may give people haemophilia B and inhibitors an effective treatment that is as transformative as emicizumab has been in the haemophilia A population.
Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Polluted Water Using Modified Wheat Bran
Authors: Lomoko Gideon Masedi Nii Ayi , Paliulis Dainius , Valters Karlis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The discharge of wastewater containing heavy metals into waterbodies is a major environmental issue that can influence the quality of the water supply; therefore, it is important to remove the pollutants dangerous to living organisms. The adsorption of copper (II) ions on modified wheat bran was investigated with respect to initial solution pH (2.0-7.0), contact time (5–120 min), adsorbent mass (0.5 g and 1.0 g), and initial metal ion concentration (2.0–20 mg/L). The optimum adsorption conditions were found to be at pH 5.0 and a contact time of 60 min with an adsorbent mass of 1.0 g where the maximum efficiency was recorded as 84.5 %. The adsorption uptake (in mg/g) of copper (II) ions slowly reached equilibrium in around 30 min and this amount was 0.30 mg/g using an adsorbent mass of 0.5 g. The adsorption uptake of copper (II) ions decreased with increasing mass of adsorbent and the adsorption efficiency (in %) increased with increasing mass of adsorbent. The experimental results were described using the Langmuir and Freundlich models, with the Langmuir model fitting better than the Freundlich model. The maximum modelled adsorption capacity was 4.24 mg/g and the modelled specific surface area of modified wheat bran was 6.36 m2. It was observed that the adsorption of copper (II) ions on modified wheat bran is efficient and suitable, therefore modified wheat bran is a relatively good adsorbent for the removal of copper (II) ions from polluted water compared to other agricultural adsorbents.