bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Disseminated Tuberculosis in A Non-Immunocompromised Patient After COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Rahimi Ensiyeh , Ghaderkhani Sara , Jamshidi Yousef 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic has had complications and has changed the pattern of disease incidence. COVID-19 affects the immune system. We present a case of disseminated tuberculosis (TB) in non-immunocompromised person with a history of COVID-19 infection.Case presentationA 25 year old woman had a history of mild COVID-19 infection 3 months ago. Then the complaint of back pain began and the headache was added 1 months later. Gradually, the patient’s headache intensified. Finally, the patient was admitted with decreased level of consciousness, delirium and focal neurological symptoms. The work up confirmed disseminated TB contain of miliary pulmonary TB, TB meningitis and TB spondylodiscitis. The patient gradually improved on anti-tuberculosis treatment. ConclusionsThere may be an association between disseminated TB infection following COVID-19 infection.
B- mode and Color Doppler sonographic appearance of pelvic tendon, ligament, and uterine blood flow in non-pregnant and heavy pregnant dairy cows
Authors: Sharshar Ahmed , Elweza Ahmed , Gadallah Shaaban , Rashed Reda , Hammad Amal , Elbaz Hamed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The present study was carried out to provide comparative B-mode and Doppler ultrasonographic description of pelvic tendon, ligaments, middle uterine artery and placentom in non-pregnant and heavy pregnant cows. It is also, monitors pregnancy associated changes including hemodynamic parameters of middle uterine artery along with, serum estrogen and progesterone levels. Forty healthy pluiparous dairy cows of native breeds were used in this study. The animals were divided into two groups each contain 20 cows. The first one was non-pregnant and the second one was heavy pregnant at 9th month of gestation. The examination was carried out with multiple imaging B-mode and color Doppler ultrasonography. Pelvic tendon and ligaments including dorsal branch of the dorsal sacroiliac ligament- thoracolumbar fascia combination (D-DSIL-TLF), lateral and ventral branches of the dorsal sacroiliac ligament (L-DSIL and V-DSIL respectively), and sacrosciatic ligament (SSL) as well as the middle uterine artery (MUA) and placentome were examined. Serum estrogen and progesterone levels were also evaluated and compared between both groups. The obtained results revealed that pregnancy greatly influence doppler indices and diameter of MUA as well as serum estrogen and progesterone concentration besides, measurements of pelvic ligaments except for the thickness and cross -sectional area of D-DSIL- TLF combination. The obtained results can be used as a guide for future studies dealing with monitoring normal and abnormal pregnancy in cows.
Mid-gap Trap State Mediated Dark Current in Organic Photodiodes
Authors: Kaiser Christina , Sandberg Oskar , Zeiske Stefan , Gielen Sam , Maes Wouter , Vandewal Koen , Meredith Paul , Armin Ardalan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Photodiodes are ubiquitous in industry and consumer electronics. New applications for photodiodes are constantly emerging, such as the internet of things and wearable electronics that demand different mechanical and optoelectronic properties from those provided by conventional inorganic devices. This has stimulated considerable interest in the use of next generation semiconductors, particularly the organics, which provide a vast palette of available optoelectronic properties, can be incorporated into flexible form factor geometries, and promise extremely low cost, low embodied energy manufacturing from earth abundant materials. The sensitivity of a photodiode to low light intensities (typically important in these new applications) depends critically on the dark current. Organic photodiodes, however, are characterized by a much higher dark current than expected for thermally excited band-to-band transitions. Here, we show that the lower limit of the dark current is given by recombination via mid-gap trap states. This new insight is generated from temperature dependent dark current measurements of narrow-gap photodiodes for the near-infrared. Based on Shockley-Read-Hall statistics, a diode equation is derived which can be used to determine an upper limit for the specific detectivity and to explain the general trend observed for the light to dark current ratio as a function of the experimental open-circuit voltage for a series of organic photodiodes. A detailed understanding of the origins of noise in any detector is fundamental to defining performance limitations and thus is critical to materials and device selection, design and optimisation for all applications. Our work establishes these important principles for organic semiconductor photodiodes for the near-infrared.
Differential regulation of alternative promoters emerges from unified kinetics of enhancer-promoter interaction
Authors: Wang Jingyao , Zhang Shihe , Lu Hongfang , Xu Heng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Many eukaryotic genes contain alternative promoters with distinct expression patterns. How these promoters are differentially regulated remains elusive. Here, we apply single-molecule imaging to quantify the transcriptional regulation of two alternative promoters (P1 and P2) of the Bicoid (Bcd) target gene hunchback in syncytial blastoderm Drosophila embryos. Contrary to the previous notion that Bcd only activates P2, we find that Bcd activates both promoters via the same two enhancers. P1 activation is less frequent and requires binding of more Bcd molecules than P2 activation. Using a theoretical model to relate promoter activity to enhancer states, we show that the two promoters follow common transcription kinetics driven by sequential Bcd binding at the two enhancers. Bcd binding at either enhancer primarily activates P2, while P1 activation relies more on Bcd binding at both enhancers. These results provide a quantitative framework for understanding the dynamics of complex eukaryotic gene regulation.
Ubiquitin-binding domain in ABIN1 is critical for regulating cell death and inflammation during development
Authors: Zhang Haibing , Li Ming , Liu Yongbo , Xu Chengxian , Zhao Qun , Liu Jianling , Xing Mingyan , Li Xiaoming , Zhang Hai-Wei , Wu Xiaoxia , Wang Lingxia , Ou Yangjing , Wu Xuanhui , Zhao Xiaoming , Liu Han , Li Fang , Li Jin Bao , Rong Wuwei , Deng Jiangshan , Wang Xiuzhe , Wang Zhichao , Zhao Yuwu , Lv Ankang , Li Qingfeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ABIN1 is a polyubiquitin-binding protein known to regulate NF-κB activation and cell death signaling. Mutations in Abin1 can cause severe immune diseases in human, such as psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis. Here, we generated mice that disrupted the ubiquitin-binding domain of ABIN1 (Abin1UBD/UBD) died during later embryogenesis owing to TNFR1-mediated cell death, similar to Abin1−/− mice. Abin1UBD/UBD cells were rendered sensitive to TNF-α-induced apoptosis and necroptosis as the inhibition of ABIN1UBD and A20 recruitment to the TNF-RSC complex leads to attenuated RIPK1 deubiquitination. Accordingly, the embryonic lethality of Abin1UBD/UBD mice was rescued via crossing with RIPK1 kinase-dead mice (Ripk1K45A/K45A) or the co-deletion of Ripk3 and one allele of Fadd, but not by the loss of Ripk3 or Mlkl alone. Unexpectedly, Abin1UBD/UBD mice with the co-deletion of Ripk3 and both Fadd alleles died at E14.5. This death was caused by spontaneous RIPK1 ubiquitination-dependent multiple inflammatory cytokines over production and could be rescued by the co-deletion of Ripk1 or Tnfr1 combined with Ifnar. Collectively, these data demonstrate the importance of the ABIN1 UBD domain, which mediates the ABIN1-A20 axis, at limiting RIPK1 activation-dependent cell death during embryonic development. Furthermore, our findings reveal a previously unappreciated ubiquitin pathway that regulates cleavage of ubiquitinated RIPK1 by FADD/Casp8 to suppress spontaneous IKK𝜀/TBK1 activation.
Effect of an Active Distraction Method for Pediatric Venipuncture Related Pain and Anxiety
Authors: Isiyel Emel , Yurttas Melehat , Perktas Ezgi , Ozmert Elif , Teksam Ozlem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Needle-associated fear and pain in children can lead to poor health consequences and lower uptake rates of medical services. Information and distraction are significant methods in reducing pain and anxiety in children. We aimed to evaluate the effects of giving information and an active distraction method for pediatric venipuncture -related pain and anxiety in 3-8 years old children. Children were randomized into three groups as the control, the informed, the informed and distracted. Fear and pain experience were found to be significantly lower in the informed and distracted group rather than the control and the informed group according to the parents/caregivers. Fear and pain experience were similarly found to be significantly lower in the informed and distracted group than the other groups according to the independent observer. Informing, preparing, coping, distracting methods should be used before, during, and after the invasive procedures to reduce children's pain and anxiety.
Development and Implementation of a Dynamic Force Measurement System for Automatic Tool Changer System and Drawbar Mechanism in Machining Center
Authors: Li Guofa , Huo Yongchao , He Jialong , Wang Yanbo , Wei Jingfeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Automatic tool changer system (ATCS) and drawbar mechanism (DM) are two of key basic parts in machining centers for realizing automatic tool-changing cycle. In the condition monitoring, fault diagnosis and failure warning of the ATCS and DM, the dynamic force is an important characteristic signal. However, there is little research about the specific dynamic force measurement system in this regard. Thus, a novel dynamic force measurement system (DFMS) is developed and implemented. Based on the BT40 toolholder, a resistance strain gauge-based force senor is used to convert the dynamic force signal into electrical signal. The real-time dynamic force acquiring system is controlled via an 8-bit RISC microcontroller. Digital measurements are obtained from the 24-bit sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter with a programmable gain array, which then are transmitted to the upper computer software via a wireless transceiver for display and storage. Finally, a Teager energy operator based dual-threshold two sentences endpoint detection method is proposed to extract the maximum dynamic force and the duration time. Experimental results show that the DFMS is reliable and can be easily used to detect the dynamic force for the ATCS and DM.
Traditional and Complementary Medicine Use Among Cancer Patients in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Choi Soojeung , Kunwor Sangita Karki , Im Hyea Bin , Hwang Jung Hye , Choi Dain , Han Dongwoon 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) is commonly used in South Asian countries such as Nepal. There are various causes and contributing factors for patients with cancer to consider using T&CM. However, little is known about the use of T&CM among the cancer population in this region.
Methods
The study followed a cross-sectional design using a structured survey questionnaire. Survey participants were recruited from two National hospitals in Kathmandu, Nepal. The survey instrument comprised 30 questions, including variables on demographics, use of T&CM, and perceived level of disease severity, and cancer treatment. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for data analysis using SPSS ver. 23.0.
Results
Of 908 participants, 31.6% used one or more modalities of T&CM after a cancer diagnosis. The most commonly used T&CM was Ayurveda, followed by Yoga. 46.1% of T&CM users discussed their use with their doctors. Education level, residential area, employment, cancer type and stage, and self-rated disease severity were strong predictors of T&CM use.
Conclusion
This study underlined that despite the widespread use of T&CM among cancer patients in Nepal, most patients obtained related information from informal sources and did not disclose their use to physicians. To ensure the safe use of T&CM modalities, physicians should integrate questions on T&CM use into routine patient assessments in order to facilitate active communication and improve the quality of care.
LncRNA TM4SF19-AS1 Promotes the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting miR-153-3p/ITGAV Axis
Authors: Liu Yudong , Feng Xiaojuan , Tian Yuexin , Zhang Yanzhuo , Cao Huan , Wang Baoshan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: LncRNA plays an important role in the gene regulatory network and can affect the progress of tumors. LncRNA TM4SF19-AS1 has been reported may associate with the occurrence and development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: LncRNA TM4SF19-AS1 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissue samples was evaluated in TCGA database, and its expression in LSCC tissues and cells was further determined via qRT-PCR. CCK-8, EdU, wound healing and transwell assays were performed to access the cell biological behaviors of TM4SF19-AS1. The downstream regulatory mechanism of TM4SF19-AS1 regulating gene expression was further detected by WGCNA, subcellular location prediction, western blot and dual-luciferase reporter assay.Results: The expression of TM4SF19-AS1 was upregulated in LSCC tissues and positively correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and lymph node metastasis in LSCC patients. Knockdown of TM4SF19-AS1 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells. Mechanistically, TM4SF19-AS1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that directly bound to miR-153-3p, and ITGAV was the direct target of miR-153-3p.Conclusions: LncRNA TM4SF19-AS1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of laryngeal carcinoma by targeting miR-153-3p/ITGAV axis, suggesting that TM4SF19-AS1 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and an effective target for the treatment for LSCC.
Oncometabolite R-2 hydroxyglutarate aids the inflammatory transformation of peritumoral astrocytes
Authors: Ravi Vidhya , Behringer Simon , Joseph Kevin , Haniball Luciana , Kueckelhaus Jan , Will Paulina , Neidert Nicolas , Goeldner Jonathan , Franco Pamela , Fung Christian , Beck Juergen , Sankowski Roman , Prinz Marco , Hofmann Ulrich , Schnell Oliver , Heiland Dieter Henrik 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Reactive transformation of astrocytes in IDH wild-type glioma contribute to anti-tumor immunity and support pro-oncogenic signaling. The role of intra- and peritumoral astrocytes in IDH1/2 mutated glioma, a prognostically beneficial subgroup with oncogene-driven enrichment of R-2-hydroxygluterate (2-HG) remains sparsely explored. Here, we characterized the transcriptomic signature of IDH1/2-mutant glioma associated astrocytes and determined a unique inflammatory transformation, profoundly different to astrocytes in IDH wildtype glioma patients. IDH-mutated glioma inoculation into human neocortical sections or treatment with R-2-HG resulted in an oncometabolite-mediated transcriptional shift towards inflammation in astrocytes. This transcriptional shift was found to be mediated by myeloid cell polarization through R-2-HG in the tumor microenvironment, which was further confirmed by selective depletion of myeloid cells. Integrative analysis of bulk RNA-sequencing of purified microglia, single-cell transcriptomics and spatially resolved transcriptomics confirmed this microglia-mediated inflammatory activation of astrocytes. This inflammatory activation is accompanied by loss of neurotransmitter homeostasis. Further, treatment of cortical sections with RH2G results in increased neuronal activity and LFP activity, pointing to the excitotoxic nature of RH2G in the neural microenvironment, with a significant loss of neurons with chronic treatment. The presented findings provide insights into the role that R-2HG plays in the reactive transformation of astrocytes within the IDH-mutated tumor environment and is fundamentally different that seen in IDH wildtype glioma.
Coexist of Disseminated Superficial Actinic Porokeratosis and Porokeratosis Ptychotropica with A Novel MVK Gene Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Xu Hongjun , Li Linfeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Porokeratosis is a rare, acquired or inherited disorder of keratinization. There are numerous clinical types of porokeratosis and they could coexist in one patient and in multiple members of an affected family. However, coexist of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) and porokeratosis ptychotropica (Ppt) is rare.Case presentation: A 45-year-old man presented with long-standing skin lesions. Physical examinations found numerous small, brown 2- to 4-mm patches on his face and several hyperkeratotic, verrucous plaques on his trunk and extremities. His father and one of his brothers also had similar lesions for years. Skin biopsies showed a cornoid lamella in the epidermis. And we identified c.155 G>A mutation of the mevalonate kinase (MVK) gene convertting a serine residue to asparagine (p.Ser52Asn) was the causative mutation for porokeratosis in this family. The clinicopathologic diagnosis of DSAP and Ppt with a novel MVK gene mutation was made. The hyperkeratotic plaques on the patient's scrotum were completely removed by microwave knife for more than 10 times. Conclusion: We report an unusual case of DSAP coexisting with Ppt and identified a novel MVK gene mutation in this patient's family. The microwave knife is an effective and safe therapy for porokeratosis.
A Novel Dynamic Data Driven Tire Model
Authors: Zhang Junning , YANG Shaopu , LU Yongjie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the study of vehicle dynamics, the accurate description of tire mechanical characteristics is the basis and key of vehicle dynamics simulation. An innovative tire model is proposed based on fuzzy algorithm and a sinusoidal membership function is used to design fuzzy rules. In order to ensure the accuracy of tire behavior calculation, this model is driven by a small amount of experimental data of tire mechanical characteristics. This tire model consists of four layers of fuzzy systems, each of which has a knowledge base. The data in knowledge base I is obtained by experiments, and the data of knowledge base II is computed by the upper system, and so is the later system. Then, the input signal, the change rate of side slip angle and slip rate, is considered to improve the calculation accuracy of the model. The proposed fuzzy tire model can accurately predict the longitudinal force, lateral force and self-aligning torque of the tire under unknown conditions. Finally, by comparing the fuzzy tire model with the experimental data, it is found that the maximum RRMSE (Relative Root Mean Square Error) value is not more than 0.14. It is proved that the model can accurately describe the tire mechanical characteristics under combined conditions.
Comparison of The Blood, Bone Marrow, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolomes In Children with B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Schraw Jeremy M. , Woodhouse J. P. , Bernhardt Melanie B. , Taylor Olga A. , Horton Terzah M. , Scheurer Michael E. , Okcu M. Fatih , Rabin Karen R. , Lupo Philip J. , Brown Austin L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Metabolomics may shed light on treatment response in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), however, most assessments have analyzed bone marrow or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which are not collected during all phases of therapy. Blood is collected frequently and with fewer risks, but it is unclear whether findings from marrow or CSF biomarker studies may translate. We profiled end-induction plasma, marrow, and CSF from N = 10 children with B-ALL using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We estimated correlations between plasma and marrow/CSF metabolite abundances detected in ≥ 3 patients using Spearman rank correlation coefficients (rs). Most marrow metabolites were detected in plasma (N = 661; 81%), and we observed moderate-to-strong correlations (median rs 0.62, interquartile range [IQR] 0.29–0.83). We detected 328 CSF metabolites in plasma (90%); plasma-CSF correlations were weaker (median rs 0.37, IQR 0.07–0.70). We observed plasma-marrow correlations for metabolites in pathways associated with end-induction residual disease (pyruvate, asparagine) and plasma-CSF correlations for a biomarker of fatigue (gamma-glutamylglutamine). There is considerable overlap between the plasma, marrow, and CSF metabolomes, and we observed strong correlations for biomarkers of clinically relevant phenotypes. Plasma may be suitable for biomarker studies in B-ALL.
Quantitative Parameter Mapping of Contrast Agent Concentration and Relaxivity and Brain Tumor Extracellular pH
Authors: Matsumoto Yuki , Harada Masafumi , Kanazawa Yuki , Taniguchi Yo , Ono Masaharu , Yoshitaka Bito 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), gadolinium-based contrast agents are most commonly used for evaluating brain tumors. However, contrast-enhanced MRI can only provide relative signal changes such as mixed information with longitudinal relaxivity (r1) and contrast agent concentration. Herein, we present a new method to evaluate r1 and contrast agent concentration separately in contrast-enhanced lesions using quantitative parameter mapping. We demonstrated that it is possible to evaluate pathophysiological tumor changes owing to therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the r1 value can be used as an extracellular pH tumor marker. We believe that our method has an easy clinical application and demonstrates how acidic environments affect the T1 relaxation time of contrast agents. In conclusion, these indices can be useful for brain tumor management.
Milk Small Extracellular Vesicles-derived miRNAs Restrict Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infectivity
Authors: Xie Mei-Ying , Hou Lianjie , Song Chang-Xu , Sun Jia-Jie , Xi Qian-Yun , Yu Linyang , Jiang Qing-Yan , Chen Ting , Zhang Yong-Liang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundVirus-caused diseases are a huge challenge to both animals and human beings, especially coronaviruses. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a coronavirus, causes acute diarrhea and up to 100% mortality in piglets less than three weeks of age. Maternal immunity provides protection for piglets in resisting PEDV infection. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) contain bioactive molecules such as miRNAs to exchange genetic and epigenetic information between cells. Our previous study suggested that milk sEV facilitated intestinal tract development and prevented LPS-induced intestine damage. However, the effects of milk sEV on the inhibition of viral infections remain unclear. ResultsIn this study, through in vivo experiments, we found that porcine milk sEV protected piglets from PEDV-induced diarrhea and death. In vitro, we clarified that this protective effect was partly generated through the inhibition of the PEDV-N protein and HMGB1 by sEV miR-let-7e and miR-27b, respectively. ConclusionsIn conclusion, we report that porcine milk sEVs protected piglets from PEDV-induced diarrhea and death by inhibiting virus replication, and this protective effect was partly generated through the inhibition of the PEDV-N and HMGB1 pathways by exosomal miR-let-7e and miR-27b. This study reveals a new antiviral function of milk sEVs, and the results suggest that milk sEVs may act as a mother-offspring transmission pathway for protecting newborns against PEDV infection.