bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steerable Delivery Sheath for Optimized LAA Closure: First Experience and Procedural Outcomes
Authors: Mezger Matthias , Paitazoglou Christina , Frerker Christian , Stiermaier Thomas , Eitel Ingo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe new Amplatzer Steerable Delivery Sheath is a delivery system designed to improve ease‐of‐use and procedural results of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC). We aimed to compare procedural results after switching our LAAC program at a tertiary care center with the Amulet device to the Steerable Delivery Sheath, with a control group of LAAC employing the standard sheath.MethodsThe first n = 32 consecutively treated patients at our site using the Amulet device with the Steerable Delivery Sheath were included in this retrospective analysis. As a control‐group, n = 39 consecutive patients treated with the Amulet device before the switch to the new sheath were used.ResultsLAAC was successful in all patients in both groups (100%). Contrast use and fluoroscopy time were numerically higher in the steerable sheath group (steerable sheath vs. control group: contrast use 70 ± 23 vs. 55 ± 50 mL, p = 0.09, fluoroscopy time 12.7 ± 4.6 vs. 10.2 ± 6.6 min, p = 0.3). Fluoroscopy time and dose decreased after 3 months while contrast use remained unchanged. Complete sealing rate was high in both groups (steerable sheath vs. control group 97% vs. 95%, p > 0.9) and periprocedural complication rate was low, without any periprocedural stroke, vascular complications, or death in both cohorts.ConclusionsLAAC with the Amplatzer Amulet steerable delivery sheath is feasible and safe. Fluoroscopy time and dose suggest a learning curve with the new sheath.
Hereditary Hemochromatosis Unmasked by Yersiniosis: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Karam Karam , Fiani Elias 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTYersiniosis has a causal relationship with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). Physicians should have a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis of HH when approaching a patient with yersiniosis in the setting of high ferritin levels and increased iron saturation. Yersiniosis serves as a precursor for the diagnosis of HH.
Pulmonary Nodules After Leflunomide Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report
Authors: Abiyarghamsari Mahdiye , Ahmadzadeh Arman 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with both articular and extra‐articular manifestations, including rare pulmonary complications. We report a case of a 65‐year‐old male with long‐standing RA who developed multiple cavitary pulmonary nodules following prolonged leflunomide therapy. Diagnostic evaluation excluded infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune causes. Bronchoscopy and biopsy confirmed an acute suppurative inflammatory process with central necrosis. Discontinuation of leflunomide resulted in the resolution of pulmonary nodules. This case highlights the need for vigilance regarding potential pulmonary toxicity in RA patients receiving leflunomide and underscores the importance of prompt recognition and management of drug‐induced complications.
Bilateral Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Analyzed Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Framework: Case Report
Authors: Novoa‐Cornejo Ignacio , Muthaiah Vijaya Prakash Krishnan , Mercado‐Martinez Victor , Ulloa‐Alvarado Gustavo , Pino‐Urrutia Carlos , Gunasekaran Krishnamoorthy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA severe case of bilateral superior semicircular dehiscence was presented in Instituto de Neurorrehabilitación y Balance, Chile. The patient reports hearing and vestibular problems in certain situations; a complete analysis is carried out from the clinical history to neurological laboratory studies and imaging to diagnose bilateral semicircular canal dehiscence finally. Health condition management is under the ICF model, which will allow for determining and classifying the problems and possible interventions for this interesting clinical case.
FPM‐SSD: Fast Parallel Multi‐Scale Smooth Signed Distance Surface Reconstruction
Authors: Tuo Mingxiu , Jia Chenglei , Jin Siyu , Zhang Shunli 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSmooth signed distance surface reconstruction remains a popular technique for generating watertight surfaces from discrete point clouds. However, it frequently encounters issues with geometric detail loss when reconstructing complicated models. In this paper, we introduce a novel reconstruction technique for multi‐scale smooth signed distance surfaces based on Gaussian curvature. Initially, the point cloud data is fitted using the moving least squares to calculate the Gaussian curvature. After that, a curvature‐adaptive octree is constructed based on the Gaussian curvature, which can dynamically adjust the local resolution. Geometric information can be captured more effectively, improving the accuracy of surface reconstruction. Finally, implicit functions are adopted to perform global fitting, and the zero‐level set is obtained through the octree isosurface extraction algorithm. In solving the iterative linear system, multi‐thread techniques are implemented for parallel computation to enhance the execution performance of the algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that the curvature‐adaptive octree based on Gaussian curvature, can effectively capture complex geometric details, and the algorithm accomplishes high‐precision surface reconstruction at different scales. Furthermore, multi‐thread technology enhances local and global computing performance, ensuring the algorithm's effectiveness in processing large‐scale data.
Tetraarylphosphonium Cations with Excellent Alkaline‐Resistant Performance for Anion‐Exchange Membranes
Authors: Hifumi Ryoyu , Toyama Yoshikazu , Ikeda Keisuke , Hashimoto Tetsuaki , Imai Tomohiro , Inagi Shinsuke , Tomita Ikuyoshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo realize the robust anion exchange membrane (AEM)‐based water splitting modules and fuel cells, the design and synthesis of tetraarylphosphonium (TAP) cations are described as a new class of cationic building blocks that exhibit remarkable alkaline stability under harsh conditions. TAP cations with highly sterically demanding aromatic substituents were efficiently synthesized from triarylphosphine derivatives and highly reactive arynes, whose alkaline degradation proved to be suppressed dramatically by the sterically demanding substituents. In the case of bis(2,5‐dimethylphenyl)bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)phosphonium, for example, approximately 60% of the cation survived for 27 d under the forced conditions (i.e., in 4 M KOH/CD3OH at 80 °C), while tetraphenylphosphonium degraded completely within 10 min in 1 M KOH/CD3OH at that temperature. Through the decomposition of the alkaline‐stable TAP cations, not only triarylphosphine oxides, which are often reported to form via the nucleophilic attack toward the cationic phosphorus center, but also triarylphosphines were detected, which suggested the presence of other degradation mechanisms due to the sterically demanding aromatic substituents. In kinetic analyses, bis(2,5‐dimethylphenyl)bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)phosphonium was found to exhibit 52 times higher stability compared to benzyltrimethylammonium, which is often employed as the cationic building block for AEMs.
Virtual Synchronous Machine Based Direct Charging Power Control for the Two‐Stage EV Battery Charger
Authors: Cai Jun , Cheok Adrian David , Yan Ying , Zhang Xin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a direct charging power control strategy (DCPC) based on virtual synchronous machine (VSM) technique is proposed for the two‐stage EV battery charger. In the proposed solution, the two‐stage charger involves a three‐phase full bridge‐based AC‐DC stage and a buck/boost DC‐DC stage. In control of the front‐end AC‐DC stage, the core algorithm of the traditional VSM is adopted. Nevertheless, unlike the traditional VSM‐based battery charging scheme, the DC‐bus closed‐loop in the traditional VSM algorithm is replaced by a positive feedback‐based DC power compensation loop, and meanwhile, the DC‐bus voltage is regulated by the rear stage DC‐DC converter. The proposed method can ensure stable DC‐bus voltage control and direct control of charging power. Due to the existence of power compensation control, the power balance between AC and DC terminals can be indirectly controlled without complex power losses calculation process. In addition, the autonomous AC frequency and voltage regulation abilities of the VSM technique can be inherited in the proposed method, which can appear a grid‐friendly charging pattern to ensure more stable battery charging. To verify the validity of the proposed method, systematic analysis and experiments are performed on a developed test bed.
Resistance Theory of Asymmetric 2 × n Circuit Network
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Li , Tan Zhi‐Zhong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article proposes a class of asymmetric 2 × n resistor network model which contains multiple independent resistors; the study of asymmetric resistor network models is a challenge. We conducted in‐depth research on this issue using the RT‐V theory (Chinese Physics B, 2017, 26(9): 090503) and achieved new theoretical breakthroughs. This paper derived five original equivalent resistance formulae for this asymmetric 2 × n circuit network and also discusses the analytical expressions for equivalent resistance in different special cases, and several interesting results have been derived, indicating that the original resistance formula has powerful functionality. Finally, visual graphics of two types of equivalent resistances are provided using MATLAB drawing tools, which reveals the law of equivalent resistance changing with resistance variables. The research theory and technology in this article will provide a new theoretical basis for related scientific, engineering, and simulation research.
Empowering Rural Farming: Agrovoltaic Applications for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Singla Manish Kumar , Gupta Jyoti , Gupta Anupma , Safaraliev Murodbek , Zeinoddini‐Meymand Hamed , Kumar Ramesh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAgrovoltaics, also known as Agri‐PV or AV, is an innovative approach that entails the shared utilization of land for both the production of agricultural commodities and energy generation. This concept has gained immense popularity in recent times owing to its ability to boost income per unit of land area significantly. The scope of AV systems is quite extensive, as it encompasses solar energy converters and other renewable energy sources like bioenergy. Current strategies for agrovoltaic (AV) in agriculture are the outcome of the gradual development of agroecology and the integration of photovoltaic (PV) power supply into the grid. These approaches could lead to a nearly doubled income per unit area. Without on‐site power supply, reduced chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and on‐site yield processing, AV has the potential to revolutionize large‐scale unmanned precision agriculture and smart farming. These approaches might lead to significant changes in the logistics and value‐added production chain, thereby reducing agriculture's carbon footprint. In the future, it is possible to reduce the cost of AV technology by half by utilizing decommissioned solar panels in the technology and to delay the need for bulk PV recycling by several years. This review presents a different perspective to the common discourse on the topic, by giving special emphasis to the potential to further integrate AV into agriculture, which has the potential to facilitate the resolution of relevant legal disputes over the use of AV.
Air Emissions and Health Impacts of Two Hydrogen‐Based Electricity Generation Methods
Authors: Safaei Elaheh , Kelly Kerry 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTElectricity production using fossil fuels contributes to air pollution and adverse health impacts. One option for decreasing fossil fuel consumption is replacing fossil fuel power plants with electricity produced from green hydrogen (H2, produced from renewable sources). Previous studies mainly focused on greenhouse gas emissions from two common H2 production methods, steam methane reforming (SMR) and water electrolysis. This study compares the estimated emissions and associated health outcomes of generating electricity from fossil fuels with electricity generated from H2 produced through SMR or electrolysis in various regions of the United States. Shifting from coal‐generated electricity to SMR‐produced H2‐generated electricity results in health benefits while shifting from natural gas‐generated electricity to electricity generated from H2 generated via water electricity results in health costs in all regions. Depending on the region, replacing a natural gas power plant with electricity generated from H2 produced via SMR or replacing a coal power plant with electricity generated from water electrolysis could result in either health benefits or costs. This study also considers the impact of plant location on human health outcomes as well as the impact of increasing renewable energy percentages on health outcomes associated with replacing a coal or natural gas power plant with electricity generated from H2 produced through grid‐based water electrolysis. The results indicate that a high renewable fraction (over 85% of the grid) is required to experience health benefits, emphasizing the challenges associated with moving toward electrolysis‐based H2 production for electricity generation.
Frequency‐Power Coupling Dynamic Response and Regulation Characteristics of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Unit With Full‐Size Converter
Authors: Li Yanhao , Shu Kedong , Guo Wencheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to study the frequency‐power coupling dynamic response and regulation characteristics of a variable speed pumped storage unit (VSPSU) with full‐size converter (FSC). Firstly, the mathematical model of VSPSU with FSC is established. Secondly, the dynamic response of VSPSU with FSC under power disturbance is simulated, and the effect of operating speed on dynamic response of VSPSU with FSC is analyzed. Then, the frequency‐power coupling regulation characteristics of VSPSU with FSC are revealed. Finally, the dynamic responses between VSPSU with FSC and fixed speed pumped storage unit (FSPSU) are compared. The results show that, with the same disturbance amplitude, the variation times of speed and output under positive power disturbance are longer than those under negative power disturbance. With a negative power disturbance of larger amplitude, the speed and output of VSPSU have a faster response. The regulation characteristics of VSPSU can be improved by adjusting both the parameters of governor and converter based on the operation requirements. Under both the positive and negative power disturbances, the dynamic response of active power of VSPSU is faster than that of FSPSU. Under the negative power disturbance, the dynamic response of speed of VSPSU is slightly slower than that of FSPSU.
The Spatio‐Temporal Characteristics of Flow Field Inside a Self‐Priming Pump During the Self‐Priming Process
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Liang , Li Jin‐Fu , Zhao Yan‐Juan , Guo Xiao‐Mei , Zhu Zu‐Chao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, a closed‐loop piping system that includes the self‐priming pump is established and calculated. Two operating processes reflecting real situations are accurately calculated by means of UDF. The vortex identification method, entropy production theory, and energy gradient method are employed to deeply analyze and reveal the energy loss characteristics and flow stability. The results show that in the oscillating exhaust stage, the energy loss is greatest during the oscillating exhaust stage of the self‐priming process. The reflux hole, the tongue, and the outlet section of the volute have larger energy loss. Within the impeller region, the entropy production is mainly concentrated at the impeller inlet and outlet; the entropy production distribution area and value are larger in the clearance of the wear‐ring. In addition, the instability region in the impeller and the left side of the volute is significantly larger than the rest of the locations and increases considerably with the self‐priming process.
Experimental Study on the Damage Evolution Mechanism of Siltstone by Water Content and Confining Pressure
Authors: Shiyu Tian , Lulin Zheng , Hao Liu , Hong Lan , Weide Ren , Youwen Tian , Jin Xu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTProlonged exposure of deep coal mines to erosion from groundwater results in a gradual accumulation of rock mass damage, which can lead to geological hazards such as deformation and instability. These challenges significantly impact the safe operation of deep coal mines. To understand the mechanisms behind siltstone damage progression related to water content and confining pressure, this study explores the influence of these factors on the deformation and damage evolution of siltstone, employing a combination of rock mechanics testing, numerical simulation, and CT scanning techniques. Results demonstrate that increasing water content reduces the compressive strength of rock, leading to more complex failure modes. In contrast, higher confining pressure strengthens the compressive capacity, thereby suppressing the formation and growth of transverse cracks under compression. Using Avizo software, a three‐dimensional model of siltstone was developed to visualize the distribution of fractures in a three‐dimensional field. In the MATLAB platform, a box dimension algorithm based on three‐dimensional digital volume imaging was developed, employing box dimension theory and digital image storage methods. Fractal analysis reveals that the fractal dimension of internal fractures in loaded samples increases linearly with water content, indicating more extensive fracture development and greater specimen damage. Applying the box dimension from three‐dimensional digital volume images as a metric facilitates characterizing the damage evolution in siltstone under different water content conditions. This approach provides a new means to quantitatively evaluate the growth and complexity of internal fractures in siltstone, offering insights into rock damage progression under varying moisture conditions.
Postfire Estimation of Heating Temperatures Experienced by Fire Retardant Coatings Using Smartphone Videos and Machine Learning
Authors: Zhu Zhichao , Song Weiran , Yue Xin , Lyu Yihan , Wang Ji 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate estimation of heating temperatures experienced by fire retardant coatings (FRCs) is crucial in identifying the ignition source during fire investigations. While traditional methods, such as spectroscopy, effectively capture the compositional changes in FRC at various heating temperatures, they are typically bulky, costly, and unsuitable for rapid field analysis. This study proposes the use of smartphone and machine learning to predict the heating temperatures of FRC. A smartphone is employed to capture short videos of FRC samples illuminated by its color‐changing screen. Video frames are then decomposed into color images and converted into spectral data for further processing. Linear and nonlinear regression models are applied to identify key variables and enhance predictive accuracy. The performance of smartphone‐based temperature estimation is compared to that of hyperspectral imaging and laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy. In the test phase, the coefficient of determination for smartphone‐based estimation ranges from 0.946 to 0.962, often surpassing that of benchmark methods. These results indicate that smartphones can provide a low‐cost, effective means for estimating heating temperatures of FRC in fire investigations.
Current Status and Applications of Genome‐Scale Metabolic Models of Oleaginous Microorganisms
Authors: Hu Zijian , Qian Jinyi , Wang Yuzhou , Ye Chao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOleaginous microorganisms have the unique ability to accumulate lipids that can exceed 20% of their dry cell weight under certain conditions. Despite their potential for efficient lipid production, the metabolic pathways involved are not yet fully understood, largely due to the complexity of intracellular processes and the challenges in phenotypic prediction. This review synthesizes the latest research on the application of Genome‐scale Metabolic Network Models (GSMMs) to study oleaginous microorganisms, including bacteria, cyanobacteria, yeast, microalgae, and fungi, and provides a comprehensive analysis of how GSMMs have been utilized to decipher the metabolic mechanisms behind lipid accumulation and to identify key genes involved in lipid synthesis. The review highlights the role of GSMMs in predicting cellular behavior, optimizing metabolic engineering strategies, and discusses the future directions and potential of GSMMs in enhancing lipid production in microorganisms. This comprehensive overview not only summarizes the current state of research but also identifies gaps and opportunities for further investigation in the field.
Is transoral robotic surgery useful as a salvage technique in head and neck cancers: a systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Goel Sahil , Gunasekera Delu , Krishnan Giri , Krishnan Suren , Hodge John‐Charles , Lizarondo Lucylynn , Foreman Andrew 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundResidual, recurrent, and second primary head and neck cancers are on the rise. This is largely driven by a younger age at diagnosis and increasingly targeted chemoradiotherapy options. Salvage surgery remains the only curative intent option in this cohort of patients. With transoral robotic surgery (TORS), achieving good oncological and functional outcomes in primary cancer cohorts, there remains a paucity of synthesized evidence on treating residual, recurrent, or second primary disease in previously irradiated fields.MethodsConducted in accordance with the JBI's methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness, three databases were searched including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. This study represents the largest systematic review till date finding 679 studies and including 15 after screening and critical appraisal. A meta‐analysis of proportions and comparison was conducted using Freeman–Tukey arcsine transformation statistical method and the Mantel–Haenszel statistical method, respectively.ResultsData from 515 patients was analyzed with a median follow‐up time up to 47 months and a mean hospital stay of 8.5 days. Two‐year overall survival (OS) rate and disease‐free survival (DFS) rate were 73.8% and 56.1%, respectively. Compared to primary head and neck cancer, risk ratios for OS and DFS were 0.35 (95% CI, 0.18–0.67) and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.22–0.88). Weighted mean for tracheostomy decannulation and nasogastric dependence was 9.7 and 12.8 days, respectively, with long term tracheostomy dependence in 0%–11.5% of patients. Positive surgical margins were obtained in 19.4% with a risk ratio of 1.08 (95% CI, 0.66–1.75) when compared to primary head and neck cancer. Recurrence rate was 36% (95% CI, 24–48.9). Pooled complication rate was 32.3% with 92% of complications being classed as Clavien Dindo grade 2 or 3.ConclusionTORS is an emerging technique for salvage in recurrent, residual, and second primary head and neck cancers in previously irradiated fields. Survival outcomes are encouraging with decreased morbidity and mortality rates when compared to traditional open surgical techniques. Future studies need to mandate collection of swallowing data as a key tool to evaluate functional outcomes, deploy longer follow‐up times, and address confounding factors including HPV status and prior adjuvant therapy.