bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TYMSOS drives the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells by regulating ZNF703 via sponging miR‐4739
Authors: Gu Yulan , Wan Chuandan , Zhou Guoqiang , Zhu Jinlian , Shi Zhiliang , Zhuang Zhixiang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is a kind of malignancy originating from the epithelium of gastric mucosa. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are tightly related to the GC progression. Herein, our research was meant to investigate a novel lncRNA thymidylate synthetase opposite strand (TYMSOS) in GC. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze TYMSOS expression in GC cells. 5‐Ethynyl‐2ʹ‐deoxyuridine, flow cytometry analysis, and transwell assay detected the influence of TYMSOS on GC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Subcellular fractionation and fluorescent in situ hybridization assays determined the cellular localization of TYMSOS in GC cells. Bioinformatics programs, RNA‐binding protein immunoprecipitation, RNA pull‐down, and luciferase reporter assays measured the molecular interplays of TYMSOS in GC cells. In brief, TYMSOS was highly expressed in GC cells, and TYMSOS silence inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while elevating cell apoptosis. Functionally, TYMSOS functioned as a competing endogenous RNA to posttranscriptionally modulate GC progression. TYMSOS interacted with miR‐4739 to regulate its target gene zinc finger protein 703. Collectively, our study proved the tumor‐promoting role of TYMSOS in GC cells, which might offer the utility value for GC treatment.
Reduction of MANTA‐associated vascular complications after implementation of key insights on failure mechanisms
Authors: Moccetti Federico , Wolfrum Mathias , Bossard Matthias , Attinger‐Toller Adrian , Berte Benjamin , Cuculi Florim , Kobza Richard , Toggweiler Stefan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesReport MANTA‐associated vascular complications after implementation of key insights on failure mechanisms.BackgroundThe MANTA vascular closure device is utilized to close large‐bore arterial access sites. We have previously identified and published the mechanisms and predictors of MANTA‐associated vascular complications. We identified three distinct mechanisms leading to MANTA‐associated vascular complications, predictors were a common femoral artery (CFA) diameter <6 mm and clinically established peripheral artery disease (PAD).MethodsWe compared 100 consecutive patients of the initial cohort (first n = 100) with consecutive patients in which the key insights acquired in the initial cohort were implemented (second n = 100).ResultsThe initial cohort (n = 100 patients) had a MANTA‐related vascular complication rate of 11% (7% major and 4% minor), and 14% MANTA‐related bleeding complications. In a subsequent cohort of n = 100 patients, we applied the abovementioned findings: we did not use the MANTA device if the CFA was <6 mm and in patients with PAD. In addition, femoral puncture was ultrasound guided. This strategy led to a decline in MANTA‐related vascular complication rates: 2% (1% major and 1% minor) p = .03, as well as a reduction in MANTA‐related bleeding complications to 5% p = .01. To the best of our knowledge, this is the lowest rate of MANTA‐related vascular complication reported thus far.ConclusionsOur strategy achieves low MANTA‐related vascular and bleeding complication rates. Careful and critical examination of complications can lead to rapid identification of complication mechanism and its predictors. In turn, rapid implementation of these insights can lead to a decline in complication rates.
Ion‐Induced Formation of Hierarchical Porous Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Materials with Enhanced Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Liu Heng , He Guangling , Liu Xuetao , Zhu Yanlin , Eigler Siegfried , Han Lei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNanostructured nitrogen‐doped carbon materials are considered as an appealing material to replace precious‐metal Pt‐based catalysts in fuel cells due to a high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and outstanding stability. In the present work, we developed an ion‐induced method for the fabrication of hierarchical porous nitrogen‐doped carbon materials (HPNC) using Cd‐organic complexes as sacrificial templates and precursors. During pyrolysis, a hierarchical porous structure with a high specific surface area was formed through the combination of a metal‐free ion as structure‐directing agent and the evaporation property of Cd. Benefiting from this unique structure, the resulting HPNC exhibited comparable ORR performance with commercial Pt/C, including positive onset potential of 0.96 V vs. RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode), positive half‐wave potential of 0.86 V vs. RHE, good methanol tolerance and stability. On this basis, the assembled Zn‐air battery showed high open circuit potential, power density and excellent stability.
Nano‐ and Microscale Drug Delivery Approaches for Therapeutic Immunomodulation
Authors: Paris Juan L. , Baeza Alejandro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNano‐ and microparticles have attracted much attention in recent years for the delivery of therapeutic molecules. Even though clinical translation for this kind of formulations has been challenging up to this point, there are some areas in which the potential for further development is immense. One of these key areas is the interaction between nano‐ and microparticles with the immune system. In this context, different characteristics of these systems can be exploited for immunomodulation. Among these key parameters, we can highlight the possibility of selectively targeting the particles towards specific cell types, as well as their capacity to co‐deliver active molecules in a controlled manner. In this way, different therapeutic strategies can be developed for a variety of pathological scenarios, either activating or inhibiting different immune responses. In this review, we provide an overview of the reported approaches based on nano‐ and microparticles to develop immune‐mediated treatments for cancer, autoimmune diseases, organ transplant and allergy.
The relationship between self‐criticism and suicide probability
Authors: O'Neill Catherine , Pratt Daniel , Kilshaw Meryl , Ward Kate , Kelly James , Haddock Gillian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe relationship of self‐to‐self relating and suicide has received attention in explanatory models of suicide. However, exploration of specific types of self‐relationships, namely feelings of inadequacy (associated with perfectionism), self‐attacking and the ability to be kind and nurturing towards the self has received limited attention in a suicidal population. The present study assessed the relative contribution of self‐criticism to suicide probability, alongside established predictors of suicidal ideation; hopelessness, depression, defeat and entrapment. Participants completed measures of inadequacy, self‐attacking, self‐reassurance, defeat, entrapment, depression and hopelessness (N = 101). A correlation, regression and mediation analysis was undertaken. Results demonstrated that self‐attacking has a direct relationship with suicide probability, alongside established predictors; entrapment and hopelessness. Depressive symptomology was not found to be a significant predictor of suicide probability in this population.Addressing particularly hostile forms of self‐criticism may be a promising area in terms of future research and clinical practice. Entrapment continues to be a significant predictor of suicide risk and interventions that target this experience should be explored.
Mobility Relaxation of Holes and Electrons in Polymer:Fullerene and Polymer : Non‐Fullerene Acceptor Solar Cells
Authors: Hamada Fumiya , Saeki Akinori 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA non‐fullerene small molecular acceptor (NFA) is a prominent molecule that shows moderate electron mobility and a narrow bandgap complementary to middle‐bandgap p‐type conjugated polymers, which leads to great improvement in the performance of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. However, little is known about the relaxation of charge carriers, which is key to efficient charge transport. Simultaneous time‐of‐flight (TOF) and time‐resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) measurements have been carried out on benzodithiophene‐based polymer (PBDB‐T):soluble C70‐fullerere (PCBM) and PBDB‐T:NFA (ITIC or Y6) blends, as benchmark systems. In addition to the conventional TOF mobilities, relaxation of the hole and electron mobility are evaluated by TRMC under an external electric field. PBDB‐T : ITIC exhibits much faster relaxation than PBDB‐T : PCBM, whereas that in PBDB‐T : Y6 is moderate. This is consistent with the energetic disorder estimated from the photoabsorption onset. Interestingly, the slower relaxation of the electrons compared to the holes in PBDB‐T : Y6 is in line with the preferred normal device structure. Our work deepens the understanding of the energetics of polymer : NFA blends and offers a basis for achieving efficient NFA properties.
Dynamic analysis and chaos control of the switched‐inductor boost converter with the memristive load
Authors: Zhang Jipeng , Yang Yan , Wang Dongqing 
Published: April 2021

SummaryThis paper investigates dynamic behaviors and the time‐delay feedback control method for a peak current mode (PCM) controlled switched‐inductor boost converter with a memristive load. The research contents include the following: (1) The state equations are constructed for the PCM switched‐inductor boost converter with the memristive load. (2) The bifurcation and chaos behaviors of the boost converter are analyzed by the MATLAB numerical simulation. (3) The Power Simulation (PSIM) circuit simulation of the switched‐inductor boost converter is illustrated the correctness of the MATLAB numerical simulation. (4) The time‐delay feedback control is adopted to suppress the bifurcation and chaos behaviors of the boost converter and is verified being effective.
Intelligence‐enabled approach for load balancing in software‐defined data center networks
Authors: C Fancy , M Pushpalatha 
Published: April 2021

SummarySoftware‐defined network provides eminent solutions for many complex network management functionalities in a data center network (DCN). One of the major tasks in any network is the load balancing in the available links. Due to dynamic data traffic nature in network, it is necessary to perform deep learning approaches for the long‐term and the short‐term data. This paper proposes a splitting policy‐based RL network (SPRLN) approach, a reinforcement learning‐based proactive load balancing algorithm that avoids the poll to the controller after the switch encounters an abnormality. The proposed method has been tested with simulations and found successful in improving the overall network performance by taking appropriate action for reward maximization. The testbed environment is treated as a Q‐learning algorithm; here, the optimality is defined as the path having the least score so that the overloaded path in that particular time can be avoided. An artificial neural network is needed because the data are uncertain all the time. Thus, the proposed SPRLN method yields 30% increased throughput and with 80% reduced data loss, when compared to existing approaches.
Peptide Head‐to‐Tail Cyclization: A “Molecular Claw” Approach
Authors: Yamagami Sayuri , Okada Yohei , Kitano Yoshikazu , Chiba Kazuhiro 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBoth naturally occurring and artificial cyclic peptides are in high demand for a wide range of therapeutic applications due to the improvement of their enzymatic stability, cell permeability, and pharmacological activity compared to their linear counterparts. Among the simplest yet challenging cyclizations is the head‐to‐tail fashion, where linear peptides are cyclized via C‐ and N‐termini, since most current peptide synthesis has been dominated by the use of C‐terminal protecting supports. Herein, we demonstrate that a soluble‐tag‐assisted liquid‐phase peptide synthesis in combination with a backbone amide linker strategy is applicable to the head‐to‐tail cyclization. The use of an amide “N‐tag” instead of the general terminal C‐tag enables an effective head‐to‐tail cyclization on‐support. The key for successful cyclization is a tagging position that enables the center of the peptide to be grabbed.
Synthesis of the Core Structure of Palhinine A
Authors: Gaugele Dominik , Maier Martin E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe present a strategy to the core structure of the alkaloid palhinine A passing through a 2,5‐difunctionalized cyclohexenone. This enone was prepared by a domino Michael/aldol condensation sequence. An allylation reaction on the cyclohexenone followed by oxy‐Cope rearrangement introduced an allyl group at C3. After the generation of an aldehyde function on the terminus of the C5 substituent, an intramolecular aldol reaction led to a bicyclo[2.2.2]octanone. The five‐membered ring of the core structure could be established by an intramolecular nitrile oxide‐alkene [3+2]‐cycloaddition. Prior to this key transformation, the keto function was converted to an alkene and the allyl group to an oxime.
Differentiation of tumoral and non‐tumoral breast lesions using back reflection diffuse optical tomography: A pilot clinical study
Authors: Üncü Yiğit Ali , Sevim Gençay , Mercan Tanju , Vural Veli , Durmaz Emel , Canpolat Murat 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn breast cancer diagnosis, tumoral and non‐tumoral breast lesions differentiation is a challenge. We investigate the feasibility of continuous‐wave back reflection diffuse optical tomography (rDOT) in differentiation tumoral and non‐tumoral breast lesions to solve this problem. Modified Beer–Lambert Law and Rytov solution of diffusion approximation of the radiative energy transfer equation were used together in a continuous wave rDOT system for the near‐infrared imaging the breast with a lesion. The rDOT data were acquired from 15 lesions in 12 patients with a palpable lump after standard clinical examination with mammography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography (US). Also, the measurements symmetrically from the other breast's counterpart were used as a functional imaging base. Histopathological examination revealed the tumor distribution as five invasive ductal carcinomas, one lobular carcinoma, one sclerosing adenosis, and one papilloma. The remaining seven lesions (one hamartoma, one postoperative scar tissue, two cysts, two islands of fibroglandular tissue, and one mastitis) were classified as non‐tumoral breast lesions. They were diagnosed based on clinical, US, mammography, or MRI findings. Tumoral lesions presented a contrast in rDOT tomographic images, whereas non‐tumoral lesions such as hamartoma and cysts did not show any difference except mastitis. In mastitis cases, rDOT showed higher contrast similar to tumoral lesions. After antibiotic treatment, the mastitis area had no high contrast when compared with the healthy breast tissue. We have demonstrated that the rDOT system can differentiate between actual breast tumors from non‐tumoral breast lesions such as cyst, the island of fibroglandular tissue, or hamartoma.
Physically‐cross‐linked poly(vinyl alcohol) cell culture plate coatings facilitate preservation of cell–cell interactions, spheroid formation, and stemness
Authors: Molyneaux Kathleen , Wnek Maria D. , Craig Sonya E.L. , Vincent Jason , Rucker Imani , Wnek Gary E. , Brady‐Kalnay Susann M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe employed aqueous solutions of highly‐hydrolyzed (>99+%) poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, to coat plastic dishes as a method to efficiently induce three‐dimensional (3D) culturing of cells. The coatings were prepared by simple evaporation of 3 wt/vol% solutions of PVA in water and require no additional processing steps after air drying under sterile conditions. The coating allows spheroids to form in solution. Spheroid formation is usually preferable to two‐dimensional (2D) culturing as it creates a more realistic ex vivo model of some human tissues and tumors. Using PVA‐coated cell culture plates, we demonstrated that we can grow reproducibly sized spheroids using several human glioma cell lines, including LN229, U87 MG, and Gli36, and the embryonic kidney cell line, 293T. Spheroids formed on PVA‐coated plates grow as well as on other commercially‐available, low‐attachment plates, and have excellent optical imaging properties. As spheroids, LN229 cells express markers of cancer stem cells. Finally, we confirmed that spheroids generated on PVA‐coated plates are sensitive to molecular perturbations, as increased expression of the cell adhesion molecule PTPμ significantly increased the size of spheroids. The PVA hydrogel layer is an effective tool for creating a more realistic ex vivo culture system than traditional 2D culture and can be used to generate cell spheroids for potential application in drug screening and personalized medicine for diseases such as cancer.
Biomimetic hydroxyapate/polydopamine composites with good biocompatibility and efficiency for uncontrolled bleeding
Authors: Gong Mengxiang , Liu Chenyu , Liu Chunyu , Wang Lingyi , Shafiq Farishta , Liu Xia , Sun Guozhen , Song Qiling , Qiao Weihong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUncontrolled bleeding is thought to be the most deadly cause of pre‐hospital, traffic, and military accidents death. However, the popular commercial hemostats can only realize the hemostasis of mild bleeding. Therefore, we developed polydopamine (PDA) composite materials (PMs), which applied hydroxyapatite as the parent body. The PMs were produced via lyophilization and functionalized with amino, phenol hydroxyls groups, which endowed hydrophobicity to materials. This ensured a high aggregation ability of blood cells to the PMs and they were tested to be as high as 300% compared with the negative control group. The clotting time was shortened to 79.7% compared with the usually used commercial hemostat (Celox) in the test of in vitro hemostasis. Through the results of PT and APTT tests, blood coagulation index test, and the analysis of intracellular Ca2+ activation, we further understood the mechanism of the hemostasis of the materials, which explained the low blood loss and quick coagulation time of the PM hemostats in detail. Besides, the low hemolysis and cytotoxicity of the PMs suggested the good biocompatibility of the hemostats, which was further proved by the regular morphology maintained by erythrocytes in the hemolysis tests. The study of nanoscale composites led the research for the methods of hemostasis.
Therapeutic plasma exchange and dextran‐sulfate plasma adsorption as extracorporeal treatments of extremely preterm preeclampsia with fetal growth restriction
Authors: Gubensek Jakob , Ponikvar Rafael , Premru Srsen Tanja , Fabjan Vodusek Vesna , Moertl Manfred Georg , Lucovnik Miha 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate effectiveness and safety of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and dextran‐sulfate plasma adsorption (DSA) for extracorporeal removal of soluble Fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) as part of expectant management of preeclampsia at extremely preterm gestational age.MethodsRetrospective case series of six patients with preeclampsia at <28 weeks of gestation, treated with DSA or TPE. Laboratory results, clinical characteristics and neonatal outcomes were collected from charts and National Perinatal Information System.ResultsFetal growth restriction (FGR) was diagnosed in all cases. Pregnancy was prolonged for a median of 14 (range 5‐74) days from admission and 10 (3‐73) days from first apheresis. A mixed effects model showed a decrease in sFlt‐1 and sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio during DSA/TPE (significant effect of time [before/after]), which was comparable between DSA and TPE (no effect of procedure type). Median absolute reduction in sFlt‐1 was 42% (inter‐quartile range [IQR] 13%‐57%) during DSA and 34% (16%‐40%) during TPE; for sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio it was 29% (22%‐36%) and 38% (29%‐42%), respectively. All procedures were well tolerated by fetuses. Anaphylactoid reaction, often with angioedema, occurred in 4/6 patients undergoing DSA and was attributed to bradykinin activation. One patient developed wound hematoma after cesarean section, possibly attributed to depletion coagulopathy.ConclusionsAs potential novel treatment of early preeclampsia, a non‐selective and widely available TPE was comparable to DSA regarding sFlt‐1 reduction but was associated with fewer side‐effects. Both seem to allow maternal stabilization and pregnancy prolongation even when early preeclampsia is complicated by FGR.
Optogenetic control of neural differentiation in Opto‐mGluR6 engineered retinal pigment epithelial cell line and mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Shams Najafabadi Hoda , Sadeghi Mehdi , Zibaii Mohammad I. , Soheili Zahra‐Soheila , Samiee Shahram , Ghasemi Pouria , Hosseini Mohammad , Gholami Pourbadie Hamid , Ahmadieh Hamid , Taghizadeh Sepideh , Ranaei Pirmardan Ehsan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn retinal degenerative disorders, when neural retinal cells are damaged, cell transplantation is one of the most promising therapeutic approaches. Optogenetic technology plays an essential role in the neural differentiation of stem cells via membrane depolarization. This study explored the efficacy of blue light stimulation in neuroretinal differentiation of Opto‐mGluR6‐engineered mouse retinal pigment epithelium (mRPE) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). mRPE and BMSCs were selected for optogenetic study due to their capability to differentiate into retinal‐specific neurons. BMSCs were isolated and phenotypically characterized by the expression of mesenchymal stem cell‐specific markers, CD44 (99%) and CD105 (98.8%). mRPE culture identity was confirmed by expression of RPE‐specific marker, RPE65, and epithelial cell marker, ZO‐1. mRPE cells and BMSCs were transduced with AAV‐MCS‐IRES‐EGFP‐Opto‐mGluR6 viral vector and stimulated for 5 days with blue light (470 nm). RNA and protein expression of Opto‐mGluR6 were verified. Optogenetic stimulation‐induced elevated intracellular Ca2+ levels in mRPE‐ and BMS‐treated cells. Significant increase in cell growth rate and G1/S phase transition were detected in mRPE‐ and BMSCs‐treated cultures. Pou4f1, Dlx2, Eomes, Barlh2, Neurod2, Neurod6, Rorb, Rxrg, Nr2f2, Ascl1, Hes5, and Sox8 were overexpressed in treated BMSCs and Barlh2, Rorb, and Sox8 were overexpressed in treated mRPE cells. Expression of Rho, Thy1, OPN1MW, Recoverin, and CRABP, as retinal‐specific neuron markers, in mRPE and BMS cell cultures were demonstrated. Differentiation of ganglion, amacrine, photoreceptor cells, and bipolar and Muller precursors were determined in BMSCs‐treated culture and were compared with mRPE. mRPE cells represented more abundant terminal Muller glial differentiation compared with BMSCs. Our results also demonstrated that optical stimulation increased the intracellular Ca2+ level and proliferation and differentiation of Opto‐mGluR6‐engineered BMSCs. It seems that optogenetic stimulation of mRPE‐ and BMSCs‐engineered cells would be a potential therapeutic approach for retinal degenerative disorders.