bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing the extreme male brain hypothesis: Is autism spectrum disorder associated with a more male‐typical brain?
Authors: van Eijk Liza , Zietsch Brendan P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more common in males than females and has been linked to male‐typical behavior. Accordingly, the “Extreme Male Brain” hypothesis suggests that ASD is associated with an exaggeratedly male‐typical brain. To test this hypothesis, we derived a data‐driven measure of individual differences along a male–female dimension based on sex differences in subcortical brain shape (i.e., brain maleness) by training our algorithm on two population samples (Queensland Twin IMaging study and Human Connectome Project; combined N = 2153). We then applied this algorithm to two clinical datasets (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I and II; ASD N = 1060; neurotypical controls N = 1166) to obtain a brain maleness score for each individual, representing maleness of their brain on a male–female continuum. Consistent with the Extreme Male Brain hypothesis, we found a higher mean brain maleness score in the ASD group than in controls (d = 0.20 [0.12–0.29]), parallel to higher scores for control males than control females (d = 1.17 [1.05–1.29]). Further, brain maleness was positively associated with autistic symptoms. We tested the possibility this finding was driven by the ASD group's larger brains than controls (d = 0.17 [0.08–0.25]), given that males had larger brains than females (d = 0.96 [0.84–1.07]). Indeed, after adjusting for differences in brain size, the brain maleness difference between the ASD group and controls disappeared, and no association with autistic symptoms remained (after controlling for multiple comparisons), suggesting greater maleness of the autistic brain is driven by brain size. Brain maleness may be influenced by the same factors that influence brain size.Lay SummaryA popular theory proposes that individuals with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have an “extreme male brain”, but this has not been subject to rigorous, direct tests. We developed a measure of individual differences along a male–female dimension and then derived this measure for 1060 individuals with ASD and 1166 neurotypical controls. Individuals with ASD had slightly more male‐type brains. However, this difference is accounted for by males and individuals with ASD having relatively larger brains than females and controls, respectively.
Advancement in biosensor: “Telediagnosis” and “remote digital imaging”
Authors: Gopinath Subash C.B. , Ismail Zool Hilmi , Shapiai Mohd Ibrahim , Yasin Mohd Najib Mohd 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCurrent developments in sensors and actuators are heralding a new era to facilitate things to happen effortlessly and efficiently with proper communication. On the other hand, Internet of Things (IoT) has been boomed up with er potential and occupies a wide range of disciplines. This study has choreographed to design of an algorithm and a smart data‐processing scheme to implement the obtained data from the sensing system to transmit to the receivers. Technically, it is called “telediagnosis” and “remote digital monitoring,” a revolution in the field of medicine and artificial intelligence. For the proof of concept, an algorithmic approach has been implemented for telediagnosis with one of the degenerative diseases, that is, Parkinson's disease. Using the data acquired from an improved interdigitated electrode, sensing surface was evaluated with the attained sensitivity of 100 fM (n = 3), and the limit of detection was calculated with the linear regression value coefficient. By the designed algorithm and data processing with the assistance of IoT, further validation was performed and attested the coordination. This proven concept can be ideally used with all sensing strategies for immediate telemedicine by end‐to‐end communications.
A review of the literature on vocational training interventions with individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Campanaro Alexandra M. , Vladescu Jason C. , Manente Christopher J. , Deshais Meghan A. , DeBar Ruth M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDue to the low employment rates of adults with autism spectrum disorder, it is important to identify efficient and effective methods to teach these individuals vocational skills. The purpose of the current literature review was to expand on the previous reviews, to identify all studies regardless of participant age that taught vocational skills. A total of 50 articles containing 53 experiments were retained and included in the final review. The most commonly used interventions either alone or as part of packaged intervention included video modeling, behavioral skills training, feedback, and video prompting. Articles were coded according to various participant characteristics, settings, intervention methodologies and outcomes. Overall results and implications for future research are discussed.
A signal conversion system using binding‐induced strand displacement for disease biomarker assay
Authors: Jiang Yuling , Yang Peng , Du Lijie , Xia Lingying , Chen Junbo , Hou Xiandeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUsing the principle of binding‐induced DNA strand displacement (BINSD), a DNAzyme‐powered nanomachine biosensor for multiple biomarkers via magnetic beads‐based signal conversion was designed. This sensor can convert multiple biomarker recognition into release of predesigned output nucleic acids tagged with streptavidin proteins (SA‐DNA) for activation of DNA nanomachines. In general, we adopted complementary base pairing rules and affinity ligand specific recognition, and three types of signal conversion systems were constructed that realized universal, sensitive, accurate, and specific detection of multiple biomarkers. Taking the advantage of the strong anti‐interference capability of magnetic separation, this strategy could be used for detection of various biomarkers in clinical practice.
Climate‐Simulated culturing suggests high microalgal biomass and oil productivities in most of the South American continent
Authors: Coronel Camila D. , Curatti Leonardo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundCurrent production costs of microalgal biomass indicate that only highly‐productive cultivation facilities will approach commercial feasibility. Geographical site selection for siting those facilities is critical for achieving target productivities. The aim of this study was to provide a semi‐empirical estimation of microalgal biomass and lipids productivity in South America.Methods and ResultsSimulated‐climate was programed in environmental photobioreactors (Phenometrics) for a simulation of cultivation in open raceway ponds at different geographical sites. The mean annual South American biomass productivity of 20‐cm deep ponds was 12 ± 4 g · m− 2 · d−1. The most productive regions were clustered in the subtropical and tropical regions of the continent. Fortaleza (Brazil) showed a low seasonality and a high annual mean productivity of 23 g · m−2 · d−1 in 5‐cm deep ponds, closely approaching the productivity target. Lipids accumulation and productivity in Fortaleza showed a high microalgal oil accumulation up to 46% (w/w) and a maximum oil productivity of 5 g · m−2 · d−1 for biomass containing around 20% lipids (w/w).ConclusionThis study provides the first semi‐empirical estimation of microalgal productivity in South America and supports a high potential of a vast region of the continent.
“Hoping for life means waiting for death”: Emotional anchoring and themata in media reporting on paediatric organ donation
Authors: Norton Maddison , Moloney Gail , Sutherland Michael , Sargeant Sally , Bowling Alison 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPaediatric organ donation rates in Australia do not match the demand for paediatric organ transplants. Paediatric donations require parents to consent to donate the organs of their child, yet little research exists on how paediatric donation is understood outside of the medical world. Drawing from social representation theory, we examined how paediatric donation was portrayed by the media, the primary source of information about organ donation. Fifty‐nine newspaper articles, across eight Australian newspapers, were subjected to thematic analysis. Common themes coalesced around the paediatric donation decision, what the decision means for parents, and the experiences of paediatric transplant recipients and their families. Donation and transplantation were portrayed either as a contradiction, where a child was required to die in order for a child to live, or as mutually beneficial, where donation was a positive outcome of a tragic death. Interpreted within a dialogical framework, we suggest that notions of contradiction and mutual benefit are generated by the underlying thema life/death, and shaped in tandem by the paediatric context. The roles of themata, emotional anchoring, and objectification are discussed. Importantly, this study highlights the need to investigate the interplay between emotional contradiction, mutual dependence, and parental decision‐making about paediatric organ donation.
Combined heart transplantation and replacement of atheromatous proximal arch
Authors: Sugimura Yukiharu , Mehdiani Arash , Katahira Shintaro , Loberg Christina , Aubin Hug , Lichtenberg Artur , Boeken Udo , Akhyari Payam 
Published: May 2021

AbstractConcomitant surgery on the aortic arch with hypothermic cardiac arrest in the setting of heart transplantation (HTX) is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of combined HTX and proximal arch replacement at our institution.
Addison's disease in antiphospholipid syndrome: A rare complication
Authors: Yazdi Farzaneh , Shakibi Mohammad Reza , Mirkamali Hanieh , Baniasad Amir 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe association of APS and AI is rare, but it is very important, and in cases where there is an evidence in favor of the association of these two diseases, due to the importance of early treatment of both diseases, further evaluation is necessary.
A case of insulinoma with hypoglycemia that was better managed with lanreotide than octreotide
Authors: Yamaoka Keiko , Nagashima Shuichi , Okada Nobukazu , Sawayama Nagisa , Saito Shinsuke , Takahashi Manabu , Okada Kenta , Endo Kazuhiro , Koizumi Masaru , Sasanuma Hideki , Ebihara Ken , Kasajima Atsuko , Fukushima Noriyoshi , Sata Naohiro , Ishibashi Shun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLong‐acting somatostatin analogs, including lanreotide slow release (LAN‐SR) and octreotide long‐acting release (OCT‐LAR), can improve hypoglycemia in insulinoma. LAN‐SR may be more beneficial in some patients with insulinoma than OCT‐LAR.
Opportunistic peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: The example of Paracoccusyeei
Authors: Fosso Christelle , Maillart Evelyne , Beun Bram , Touzani Fahd , Mahadeb Bhavna , Clevenbergh Philippe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractParacoccus yeei, a Gram‐negative coccobacillus, is an emergent opportunistic pathogen. It originates from soil and water. VITEK and MALDI‐TOF are used for identification. There are few reports of peritoneal dialysis peritonitis. Its presentation is usually indolent. It can be successfully treated with several antibiotics: β‐lactams, aminoglycosides, without removing the catheter.
Simultaneous intraocular and cutaneous extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma refractory to multiple therapies including pembrolizumab
Authors: Mallal Peter , Ammanuel Benhur , White Rohen , Kennedy Chris , Cheah Chan Yoon 
Published: May 2021

Key Clinical MessageFloaters or visual disturbance in a patient with ENKL should prompt evaluation for possible vitreoretinal involvement. Lymphoma with ocular involvement should be treated aggressively and in most cases heralds CNS involvement.
Griscelli Syndrome in a seven years old girl
Authors: Moradveisi Borhan , Karimi Avat , Behzadi Shirin , Zakaryaei Farima 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this study, a case of Griscelli Syndrome (GS) in a 7 years old girl was reported. The patient initially presented with fever and pancytopenia in laboratory results; after ruling out the malignancies, she went under treatment with the diagnosis of infectious disease and was discharged after two weeks. Nevertheless, ten days after discharge, she developed new symptoms. Due to patient symptoms and general appearance, microscopic analysis of her hair shaft was done, and the abnormal distribution of pigments in the shaft was observed, indicating GS.
Dendritic‐Like Molecules Built on a Pillar[5]arene Core as Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Bettucci Ottavia , Pascual Jorge , Turren‐Cruz Silver‐Hamill , Cabrera‐Espinoza Andrea , Matsuda Wakana , Völker Sebastian F. , Köbler Hans , Nierengarten Iwona , Reginato Gianna , Collavini Silvia , Seki Shu , Nierengarten Jean‐François , Abate Antonio , Delgado Juan Luis 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of S. Seki (Kyoto), G. Reginato (Sesto Fiorentino), J.‐F. Nierengarten (Strasbourg), A. Abate (Berlin) and J. L. Delgado (San Sebastian). The image depicts an artistic view of a dendrimer‐like hole transporting material at work in a perovskite solar cell. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202101110.
Impact of short‐term Dutasteride treatment on prostate‐specific membrane antigen expression in a mouse xenograft model
Authors: Kranzbühler Benedikt , Sousa Rosa , Prause Lukas , Burger Irene A. , Rupp Niels J. , Sulser Tullio , Salemi Souzan , Eberli Daniel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundDutasteride has been shown to increase expression of the prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in prostate cancer cells in previous in vitro studies. This 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitor is commonly used for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement. The modulation of PSMA expression might affect PSMA‐based prostate cancer imaging and therapy.AimThe purpose of this work was to further analyze concentration‐dependent effects of Dutasteride on PSMA expression in a mouse xenograft model.Methods and resultsFour groups of mice bearing LNCaP xenografts were treated for 14 days with daily intraperitoneal injections of either vehicle control or different concentrations of Dutasteride (0.1, 1, 10 mg/kg). Total expression of PSMA, androgen receptor (AR), and caspase‐3 protein was analyzed using immunoblotting (WES). In addition, PSMA, cleaved caspase‐3 and Ki‐67 expression was assessed and quantified by immunohistochemistry. Tumor size was measured by caliper on day 7 and 14, tumor weight was assessed following tissue harvesting.The mean PSMA protein expression in mice increased significantly after treatment with 1 mg/kg (10‐fold) or 10 mg/kg (sixfold) of Dutasteride compared to vehicle control. The mean fluorescence intensity significantly increased by daily injections of 0.1 mg/kg Dutasteride (1.6‐fold) as well as 1 and 10 mg/kg Dutasteride (twofold). While the reduction in tumor volume following treatment with high concentrations of 10 mg/kg Dutasteride was nonsignificant, no changes in AR, caspase‐3, cleaved caspase‐3, and Ki‐67 expression were observed.ConclusionShort‐term Dutasteride treatments with concentrations of 1 and 10 mg/kg significantly increase the total PSMA protein expression in a mouse LNCaP xenograft model. PSMA fluorescence intensity increases significantly even using lower daily concentrations of 0.1 mg/kg Dutasteride. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the impact of Dutasteride treatment on PSMA expression in patients.
15N SABRE Hyperpolarization of Metronidazole at Natural Isotope Abundance
Authors: Kiryutin Alexey S. , Yurkovskaya Alexandra V. , Ivanov Konstantin L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSignal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is gaining increased attention as a tool to enhance weak Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals. In SABRE, spin order is transferred from parahydrogen (H2 in its nuclear singlet spin state) to a substrate molecule in a transient Ir‐based complex. In recent years, SABRE polarization of biologically active substrates has been demonstrated, notably of metronidazole – an antibiotic and antiprotozoal drug. In this work, we study 15N SABRE polarization of metronidazole at natural isotope abundance. We are able to demonstrate significant 15N polarization reaching 15 %, which corresponds to a signal enhancement of 46,000 at 9.4 T for the nitrogen atom with lone electron pair. Additionally, the other two N‐atoms can be polarized, although less efficiently. We present a detailed study of the field dependence of polarization and explain the maxima in the field dependence using the concept of coherent polarization transfer at level anti‐crossings in the SABRE complex. A study of spin relaxation phenomena presented here enables optimization of the magnetic field for efficient storage of non‐thermal polarization.
The effectiveness of the Milan system for risk stratification of salivary gland lesions: The 10‐year cytohistopathological correlation results of salivary gland FNA cytology at a tertiary center
Authors: Aksoy Altinboga Aysegul , Yildirim Fatma , Ahsen Hilal , Kiran Merve Meryem , Kesici Gulin Gokcen , Yuce Gokhan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Milan system reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) is a tiered classification scheme that is based on risk stratification. The aim of the current study was to assess the risk of malignancy (ROM) and risk of neoplasia (RON) in each of the diagnostic categories proposed by the MSRSGC.MethodsA retrospective analysis and categorization according to the MSRSGC was made of salivary gland fine needle aspirations (FNA) performed from January 2007 to December 2017. The FNA cytology results were correlated with subsequent histological follow‐up.ResultsA total of 578 FNAs were evaluated and histopathology was available for 198 cases (34.2%). The RON and ROM for individual diagnostic categories were: Non‐diagnostic: 52.2% to 13%, non‐neoplastic: 21.4% to 10.7%, atypia of undetermined significance: 74% to 22.2%, benign neoplasm: 100% to 1.1%, salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential: 93.3% to 53.3%, suspicious for malignancy (SFM): 100% to 100%, and malignant: 100% to 100%. A diagnosis of 'SFM' or 'malignant' with FNA cytology carried a 100% risk for malignancy, while a diagnosis of “non‐neoplastic,” “benign neoplasm” reduced the probability of malignancy to 3.4%.ConclusionThe MSRSGC is useful for the management of salivary gland lesions as it can successfully differentiate between benign and malignant cases. It will bring uniformity in salivary gland FNA cytology reporting across various institutions globally.
Dynamic network topological properties for classifying primary dysmenorrhoea in the pain‐free phase
Authors: Wu Xiaoyan , Yu Wenjun , Hu Huijun , Su Yun , Liang Zhiying , Bai Zhiqiang , Tian Xuwei , Yang Li , Shen Jun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrimary dysmenorrhoea (PDM) is known to alter brain static functional activity. This study aimed to explore the dynamic topological properties (DTP) of dynamic brain functional network in women with PDM in the pain‐free phase and their performance in distinguishing PDM in the pain‐free phase from healthy controls.MethodsThirty‐five women with PDM and 38 healthy women without PDM were included. A dynamic brain functional network was constructed using the slide‐window approach. The stability (TP‐Stab) and variability (TP‐Var) of the DTP of the dynamic functional network were computed using the graph‐theory method. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to evaluate the performance of DTP in identifying PDM in the pain‐free phase.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, women with PDM had not only lower TP‐Stab in global DTP, which included cluster clustering coefficient (Cp), characteristic path length (Lp), global efficiency (Eg) and local efficiency (Eloc), but also lower TP‐Stab and higher TP‐Var in nodal DTP (nodal efficiency, Enod), mainly in the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal regions and insula. The TP‐Stab and TP‐Var were significantly correlated with psychological variables, that is positive emotions, sense of control and meaningful existence. SVM analysis showed that the DTP could identify PDM in the pain‐free phase from healthy controls with an accuracy of 79.31%, sensitivity of 82.61% and specificity of 76%.ConclusionsWomen with PDM in the pain‐free phase have altered global DTP and nodal DTP, mainly involving pain‐related neurocircuits. The highly variable brain network is helpful for identifying PDM in the pain‐free phase.SignificanceThis study shows that women with primary dysmenorrhoea (PDM) have decreased stability of dynamic network topological properties (DTP) and increased DTP variability in the pain‐free phase. The altered DTP can be used to identify PDM in the pain‐free phase. These findings demonstrate the presence of unstable characteristics in the whole network and disrupted pain‐related neurocircuits, which might be used as potential classifiers for PDM in the pain‐free phase. This study improves our knowledge of the brain mechanisms underlying PDM.
Application of MXene in Electrochemical Sensors: A Review
Authors: Wu Xinzhao , Ma Pinyi , Sun Ying , Du Fangxin , Song Daqian , Xu Guobao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractElectroanalysis has obtained considerable progress over the past few years, especially in the field of electrochemical sensors. Broadly speaking, electrochemical sensors include not only conventional electrochemical biosensors or non‐biosensors, but also emerging electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensors and photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors which are both combined with optical methods. In addition, various electrochemical sensing devices have been developed for practical purposes, such as multiplexed simultaneous detection of disease‐related biomarkers and non‐invasive body fluid monitoring. For the further performance improvement of electrochemical sensors, material is crucial. Recent years, a kind of two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterial MXene containing transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, with unique structural, mechanical, electronic, optical, and thermal properties, have attracted a lot of attention form analytical chemists, and widely applied in electrochemical sensors. Here, we reviewed electrochemical sensors based on MXene from Nov. 2014 (when the first work about electrochemical sensor based on MXene published) to Mar. 2021, dividing them into different types as electrochemical biosensors, electrochemical non‐biosensors, electrochemiluminescence sensors, photoelectrochemical sensors and flexible sensors. We believe this review will be of help to those who want to design or develop electrochemical sensors based on MXene, hoping new inspirations could be sparked.