bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosocial Cartoons Exposure and Aggressive Behavior in Aggressive Boys: The Potential Mediating Role of Empathy
Authors: Zhang Qian , Cao Yi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Given that evidence for positive effects of cartoons has been relatively sparse, this article reports an experimental study concerning the effects of prosocial cartoons on aggressive behavior among aggressive boys (n = 160; Mage = 8.00, SD = 2.01), a population that has received relatively little attention in research literature. Boys were nominated by teachers as aggressive from three Chinese kindergartens and three primary schools. Cartoons were assessed as prosocial or nonprosocial via 100 experts, then half of them were randomly assigned to watch either prosocial cartoons or matched nonprosocial cartoons (a randomized controlled experiment). Boys in each condition watched the assigned one cartoon for 15 minutes per day and five different cartoons per week. Basic Empathy Scale (BES) and Competitive Reaction Time Task (CRTT) were employed to measure levels of empathy and aggressive behavior. Results showed that aggressive boys who watched prosocial cartoons reported higher levels of empathy but less aggressive behavior than those who watched nonprosocial cartoons. Specifically, ten-year-old boys reported higher levels of empathy and less aggressive behavior than six-year-old boys in the prosocial cartoon condition. The relationship between prosocial cartoons viewed and aggressive behavior was mediated by increased empathy (especially 10-year-old aggressive boys). The aggression reducing effect of prosocial cartoons indicated that training aggressive boys to be empathetic could decrease their aggression levels in educational practice.
Associations Between COVID-19 Isolation, PCR&nbsp;Test Status, and Reported Symptoms and PHQ-2 Scores
Authors: Seijo Chariz , Xu Yuqi , Nakamura Guy , Wihaib Rasheed , Muennig Peter 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: Increases in the incidence of mental illness is a concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. The fear of becoming ill may compound the stress of loneliness in isolation. Using a unique COVID-19 symptom reporting dataset, we examine whether quarantine status, test status, and reported symptoms are predictive of clinical depression, as measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-2 scores.Results: We find that those who test positive for COVID-19 are at six-fold risk of clinical depression, and may require clinical intervention.
Investigation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Hematological Pattern of Nano-Chitosan and its Developed Nano-Copper Composite
Authors: Ahmed Somia , Mohamed Hadeer , Al-Subaie Abeer , Al-Ohali Ahoud , Mahmoud Nesrine 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Novel synthesized Chitosan-Copper oxide nanocomposite (Cs-CuO) was prepared using pomegranate peels extract as green precipitating agents to improve the biological activity of Cs-NP's which was synthesized through ionic gelation method. The characterization of biogenic nanoparticles Cs-NP's and Cs-CuO-NP's were investigated structurally, morphologically to determine the full descriptive features of those nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity was tested for both Cs-NP's and Cs-CuO-NP's via Minimum inhibition concentration and zone analysis against fungus, gram positive and gram negative. The results of the antimicrobial test showed high sensitivity of Cs-CuO-NP's to all microorganisms that are tested in concentration less than 20 mg/ml while the sensitivity of Cs-NP's against all microorganisms under test started from a concentration of 20 mg/ml to 40 mg/ml except for the C.albicans species. Hematological activity was also tested in via measuring the RBCs, platelets count and clotting time against healthy, diabetic and hypercholesterolic blood samples. Measurement showed a decrease in RBCs and platelets count by adding Cs-NP’s or Cs-CuO-NP's to the three blood samples. Cs-NP’s success to decrease the clotting time for healthy and diabetic blood acting as a procoagulant agent, while adding biogenic CuO-NP’s to Cs-NP’s increased clotting time considering as an anticoagulant agent for hyperchloesterolic blood samples.
Re-Recognition of Garden Index as a Criterion for Evaluating the Quality of Femoral Neck Fracture Reduction: An Imaging Study Based on Cadaver Specimens
Authors: Cai Leyi , Li Wenjie , Zheng Wenhao , Wang Jianshun , Guo Xiaoshan , feng yongzeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate whether the Garden index can determine the rotational displacement of femoral neck fracture. MethodsTen healthy human femoral specimens were obtained. A 2.0 mm diameter Kirschner-wire was placed in the center of the femoral head. The osteotomy was perpendicular in the middle of the femoral neck. The distal osteotomy surface was indicated the angle of rotation (pronation and supination to 90°, every 10° was an interval). The X-ray of anterior-posterior and lateral view was taken at different angles according to the mark. The Garden index and other relevant data were analyzed with the PCAS system. Meanwhile, the change of the area of the femoral head fovea at different rotation angles was observed. ResultsThere was no significant difference in the Garden index in 0~30° at pronation and supination position (P>0.05). In range of 40°~90°, there was a statistical difference in the Garden index (P<0.05). With the increase of the pronation angle, the area of the femoral head fovea is gradually reduced; as the angle of the supination increases, the area of the femoral head fovea is gradually increased. ConclusionThe Garden Index cannot accurately determine the rotational displacement of the femoral neck fracture during the pronation or supination range of 0~30°. Changes in the area of the femoral head fovea can help determine the rotational displacement of the femoral neck fracture.Level of Evidence﻿Level V.
NTRK, RET, ROS1, and ALK Gene Fusion in HER2 Immunohistochemistry 2+ Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Shafei , Shi Xiaohua , Li Kaimi , Jiang Ying , Liu Yuanyuan , Zeng Xuan , Liang Zhiyong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveHER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) 2+ breast cancer patients need to determine the final HER2 status by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for selection of suitable treatment options. Although the HER2-positive cases can benefit from the anti-HER2 targeted therapy, it only made a small proportion of this group, so finding more targeted therapy methods is necessary. NTRK, RET, ROS1 and RET gene fusions have been fully investigated in non-small cell lung carcinoma and are subject to targeted therapy in clinical practice and trials. However, there are only few reports investigating these four fusion genes in breast cancer. Our study is designed to evaluate the four fusion genes in HER2 IHC 2+ breast cancer patients to find an alternative treatment option. MethodsOne hundred and seventy-seven tissue samples were included. IHC was employed to assess ALK and NTRK protein levels. FISH probes specific for HER2, ALK, NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, ROS1 and RET were used. ResultsThe HER2-positivity rate of all HER2 IHC 2+ cases were 5.7%. The total fusion rate of the four oncogenes was 3.95% in HER2 IHC 2+ breast cancer patients. The fusion-positive patients were prone to be ER/PR/HER2 IHC triple negative (P=0.01) and were associated with poorly differentiated tumor (P=0.005). The NTRK, RET, ROS1, and ALK fusion rate was 0.56%, 1.13%, 1.13%, 1.13%, respectively. ConclusionsNRTK, RET, ROS1, and ALK fusion rearrangements were detected in triple-negative breast carcinoma patients which can provide patients with alternate treatment opportunities in clinical practice.
Prediction of the Prognosis of Somatoform Disorders Using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Authors: Sato Akiko , Itagaki Syuntaro , Matsumoto Takatomo , Ise Yoko , Yokokura Syunya , Wada Tomohiro , Hayashi Kaoru , Kakamu Takeyasu , Fukushima Tetsuhito , Nikaido Takuya , Konno Shinichi , Yabe Hirooki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: To elucidate the possibility of using the Minnesota Multifaceted Personality Inventory (MMPI) to predict the prognosis of somatoform disorders, which are often treatment-resistant, we investigated the prognosis of somatoform disorders predicted using the MMPI. Methods: During the period from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017, 125 cases of somatoform disorder were diagnosed in the psychiatric department of Fukushima Medical University Hospital, among which, 67 were consultation-liaison psychiatry cases and 58 cases were only psychiatric cases. Clinical information, MMPI scores, and prognosis information were collected from medical records in each case, and then statistical analysis was performed.Results: The results showed that the unchanged group had significantly higher scores than the improved group on only the Hy scale. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the Hy scale scores of the improved and unchanged group was then conducted to calculated a cutoff value. The cutoff point was 73.5 with a sensitivity of 0.557 and a specificity of 0.717. Conclusion: For patients diagnosed with somatoform disorder who had an MMPI Hy scale score higher than the cutoff value, improvement with conventional supportive psychotherapy or drug therapy was predicted to be difficult. Therefore, the cutoff point identified in this study appears to be an important index for selecting treatment for somatoform disorders.
Agricultural Convergence Clubs in Africa Countries: A Note
Authors: Ogundari Kolawole 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study investigates productivity club convergence to assess whether countries follow different African agriculture convergence trajectories. We employ cross country panel covering 1961-2012 across 48 countries with total factor productivity (TFP) as an indicator of agricultural productivity in the study. Empirical results show evidence of population divergence in agricultural TFP. Further analysis shows evidence of club convergence as countries follow different convergence trajectories. Specifically, the result identifies three different transition groups in the region's agricultural productivity convergence. Countries in the first and two groups show a convergence path, while countries in the third group exhibit a divergence path. A total of 16 and 28 countries in the sample converge into the first and second clubs. The implication of this is that efforts to intensify agricultural productivity might require club-specific attention. For instance, new agricultural technology diffusion might focus on countries within a specific club or group.
The Effect of Financial Development on Productivity, Corporate Tax, Foreign Reserve &amp; Export Vector Autoregressive (Var) Model Approach Case Study on Ireland
Authors: Ararso Abraham Zewdu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The development financial sector plays indispensable role in accelerating economic growth and improving countries welfare system. Robust financial sector can keep the momentum of economic growth with providing substantial financial support and preserving macroeconomic balance. Given the importance of this sector, this research tried to evaluate the role of Irish financial development on productivity, corporate tax, foreign reserve and export. The research comprises a time period between 1980 until 2016 and used Vector autoregressive (VAR) model. Financial development consists of advancement both in financial institutions as well as in financial markets structure of Ireland. The estimation consists of granger causality test, impulse response estimation and variance decomposition along with VAR estimation result. VAR estimation revealed that financial development caused significant positive effect on Ireland export performance in the short run. Conversely, financial development doesn’t have significant effect on Ireland productivity level, foreign reserve, and corporate tax in the short run. The Granger causality test for the study variables indicates that corporate tax rate in Ireland can cause financial development in the short run, while the remaining variables can’t cause effect on financial development in the short run. The granger causality Wald tests also demonstrates that Irish financial development and productivity can unilaterally cause change in the level of Ireland export performance in the short run. The variance decomposition estimation revealed that financial development is strongly exogenous both in the short run and long run. This indicates that financial development is weak in predicting the fluctuation of productivity, foreign reserve, and corporate tax. Nevertheless, financial development is endogenous both in the short and long run in predicting the fluctuation of Ireland export.
The Link Between Plant-based Diet Indices With Biochemical Markers of Bone Turn Over, Inflammation and Insulin in Iranian Older Adults
Authors: Shahinfar Hossein , Amini Mohammad Reza , Payandeh Nastaran , Naghshi Sina , Sheikhhossein Fatemeh , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The association of plant base diets and biomarkers of bone, insulin, and inflammation is still unclear. Objectives: We investigated the associations between biomarkers of bone, insulin, and inflammation and three plant-based diet indices: an overall plant-based diet index (PDI); a healty plant-based diet index (hPDI); and an unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI).Methods: We included 178 elderly subjects who referred to health centers in Tehran. Blood and urine samples were collected to measure osteocalcin, The Human C-telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (u-CTX-I), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) Parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25(OH) D and insulin resistance and sensitivity. We created an overall PDI, hPDI and uPDI from semi quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data. Results: Dietary groups of Vegetables (r=0.15, P=0.03), nuts (r=0.16, P=0.03), dairy (r=0.25, P=0.001), eggs (r=0.27, P<0.001), red meat and animal products (r=0.25, P=0.001) were directly correlated with osteocalcin. Refined grains were also had positive association with serum insulin concentration (r=0.14, P=0.04). PTH levels are inversely associated with PDI score (β=-0.18, P=0.01). Also serum insulin concentration was negatively associated with PDI score (β=-0.10, P=0.04). Urine CTX-1 levels was significantly associated with hPDI score (β=-0.06, P=0.04). u-CTX-1 levels are inversely associated with uPDI score. This significance did not change with the adjustment of the confounders (β=-0.28, P<0.001). Conclusions: more adherence to PDI and hPDI and less in uPDI may have beneficial effect on biomarkers of bone, inflammation, and insulin thus preserving chronic diseases.
Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, Cannabis, and Other Substances During the First Wave of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Europe: a Survey on 36,000 European Substance Users
Authors: Manthey Jakob , Kilian Carolin , Carr Sinclair , Bartak Miroslav , Bloomfield Kim , Braddick Fleur , Gual Antoni , Neufeld Maria , O'Donnell Amy , Petruzelka Benjamin , Rogalewicz Vladimir , Rossow Ingeborg Margrete , Schulte Bernd , Rehm Jurgen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 reached Europe in early 2020 and disrupted the private and public life of its citizens, with potential implications for substance use. The objective of this study was to describe possible changes in substance use in the first months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Europe. Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional online survey of 36,538 adult substance users from 21 European countries conducted between April 24 and July 22 of 2020. Self-perceived changes in substance use were measured by asking respondents whether their use had decreased (slightly or substantially), increased (slightly or substantially), or not changed during the past month. The survey covered alcohol (frequency, quantity, and heavy episodic drinking occasions), tobacco, cannabis, and other illicit drug use. Sample weighted data were descriptively analysed and compared across substances. Results: Across all countries, use of all substances remained unchanged for around half of the respondents, while the remainder reported either a decrease or increase in their substance use. For alcohol use, overall, a larger proportion of respondents indicated a decrease than those reporting an increase. In contrast, more respondents reported increases in their tobacco and cannabis use during the previous month compared to those reporting decreased use. No distinct direction of change was reported for other substance use. Conclusions: Our findings suggest changes in use of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis during the initial months of the pandemic in several European countries. This study offers initial insights into changes in substance use. Other data sources, such as sales statistics, should be used to corroborate these preliminary findings.
Mapping Floods Risk and Assessing Flood Vulnerability for Settlement Areas
Authors: Thapa Pawan , Thapa Narayan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

The impact of flooding rises due to unplanned settlements, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. This study tries to address these issues by mapping flood risk places and assessing their impact on population and household.
Methods

This study used the dataset available in Google Earth Engine (GEE), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Central Bureau Statistics (CBS), Earth Data for preparing slope, drainage density, digital elevation model, rainfall, land use map, and soil map. These maps create using GEE and QGIS through overlay analysis that has two factors. The one is influence and other slopes, and it has provided high and low value according to its role on flooding.
Results

The risk assessment shows around twenty-four percent population is at higher risk, whereas more than three thousand settlements are prone to flooding. It depicts a significant increasing trend of floods in the Morang district.
Conclusion

This settlement risk map can help determine the flood safe and very high-risk areas in the Morang district. It will support residential places' planning by the local government, urban planners, and community people to reduce flooding risk.
Tannic Acid Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced H9C2 Cell Apoptosis by Suppressing ROS-Mediated ER Stress
Authors: Yang Yanping , Zhao Jieqiong , Gao Haibo , Wang Runze , Li Jinjing , Li Xiaoli , Niu Xiaolin , Lei Yonghong , Li Xue 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD), which is one of the features of multiple organ dysfunction in sepsis with extremely high mortality, is characterized by impaired myocardial compliance. To date, there are few effective treatment options to cure sepsis. Tannic acid (TA) is reportedly protective during sepsis. However, the underlying mechanisms by which TA protects against septic heart injury remains elusive. Methods: We investigated the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of TA in alleviating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte cell apoptosis. H9C2 cells were treated with LPS (15 μg/mL), TA (10 μM) and TA+LPS. Control cells were treated with media only. Apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and Western blotting analysis. Additionally, laser confocal immunofluorescence analysis detected the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blot and RT-PCR were employed to detect ER stress-associated functional proteins. Results: The results demonstrated that TA reduced the degree of LPS-induced H9C2 cells injury, including the inhibition of ROS production and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated apoptosis. ER stress-associated functional proteins, including ATF6, PERK, IRE1, XBP1s, and CHOP were suppressed in response to TA treatment. Furthermore, the expression levels of ER stress-associated apoptotic proteins, including JNK, Bax, Cyt, Caspase3, Caspase12, and Caspase9 were reduced following treatment with TA. Additionally, the protective effects of TA on LPS-induced H9C2 cells were strengthened following treatment with the ROS inhibitor, N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), which demonstrated that ROS-mediated ER stress-associated apoptosis and TA decreased ROS-mediated ER stress-associated apoptosis. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the protective effects of TA against LPS-induced H9C2 cells apoptosis may be associated with the amelioration of ROS-mediated ER stress. These findings may assist the development of potential novel therapeutic methods to inhibit the progression of myocardial cell injury. (TA alleviates LPS-induced H9C2 cell apoptosis.)
Identification of the Differentially Expressed Genes and Prognostic Associations in Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Gao Shuang , Li Fazhan , Zhao Minghai , Wu Wanqing , Fu Yuming , Tang Youcai , Zheng Pengyuan , Mi Yang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Due to the lack of effective drugs, gastric cancer(GC) has a high mortality rate among other cancers, with a low 5-year survival rate and an inferior prognosis. Thus, screening of meaningful tumor biomarkers or therapeutic targets could play a vital role in the diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and follow-up of GC. Methods: Gene expression profiles and comprehensive clinical information of 407 patients with GC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. GC-related single-cell RNA sequencing data from the GSE118916 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from transcriptomic data in GC and normal samples by R language. The DAVID database was also used to analyze the functions and pathways of DEGs. After combining differential genes with patient survival information, target genes were identified. The interaction of DEGs in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also studied. Results: Our study identified a total of 209 differential genes, which might be positively related to GC. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated numerous enrichment of DEGs in the extracellular matrix organization, extracellular structure organization, and muscle contraction. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in focal adhesion, protein digestion and absorption, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. Further analysis showed the higher expression of Carboxypeptidase vitellogenic-like gene (CPVL) was related to the better prognosis of GC patients in both TCGA and the GEO database. FAM3 metabolism regulating signaling molecule D (FAM3D) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) were significantly associated with GC patients’ prognosis only in the GEO database. Lastly, the PPI network shows the gene expression proteins that interact most closely with CPVL protein.Conclusion: Our study revealed that CPVL gene could be a promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of GC, which has a great significance for the future research on GC. In addition, we were the first to find a close relationship between FAM3D and GC.