bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between number of remaining teeth and healthy aging in Japanese older people: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study
Authors: Matsuyama Sanae , Lu Yukai , Aida Jun , Tanji Fumiya , Tsuji Ichiro 
Published: December 2021

AimMaintaining ≥20 teeth is a public health goal worldwide. Healthy aging, which includes psychological and social well‐being, as well as physical indicators, has attracted a great deal of attention with the progression of aging societies. However, no studies have examined the association between the number of remaining teeth and healthy aging. This study aimed to investigate the association between the number of remaining teeth and healthy aging.MethodsThis community‐based longitudinal cohort study included 8300 Japanese people aged ≥65 years who were free of disability and depression in the baseline survey in 2006. The participants were categorized into four groups according to the number of remaining teeth at baseline: 0–9, 10–19, 20–24 and ≥25. The primary outcome was healthy aging (defined as meeting all four of the following criteria: free of disability, free of depression, high health‐related quality of life and high life satisfaction), as assessed by a questionnaire survey carried out in 2017. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the corresponding odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsDuring about 11 years of follow‐up, 621 (7.5%) participants attained healthy aging. Participants with ≥20 remaining teeth showed a higher healthy aging rate. Compared with participants with 0–9 teeth, the multivariate‐adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 10–19, 20–24 and ≥25 teeth were 0.98 (0.77–1.26), 1.28 (1.01–1.63) and 1.59 (1.24–2.03), respectively.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that maintaining ≥20 teeth was associated with healthy aging. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 68–74.
Modeling PFAS Fate and Transport in Groundwater, with and Without Precursor Transformation
Authors: Gefell Michael J. , Huang Hai , Opdyke Dan , Gustafson Kyle , Vlassopoulos Dimitri , McCray John E. , Best Sam , Carey Minna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGroundwater professionals require tools to evaluate a variety of technical issues related to per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). These include the potential impact of PFAS precursors on groundwater plumes of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). Numerical modeling results show that, by adjusting the mass loading rate, source zones with or without a precursor can produce similar PFAA plumes. However, if a precursor is present, it can impact PFAA plume concentrations and extend PFAA plume durations by decades. Additional research regarding in situ precursor transformation rates—and improvements in source area characterization—will further advance the predictive value of modeling.
Human trafficking, information campaigns and public awareness in Moldova: Why do anti‐trafficking organizations operate under inaccurate assumptions?
Authors: Bogdan Ludmila 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe assumption that the rural public lacks sufficient knowledge about human trafficking and that providing more awareness will reduce it still dominates the anti‐trafficking field. However, relying on original empirical data from Moldova, I found that rural people are more informed about this problem than other surveyed groups. First, they became more knowledgeable about trafficking precisely because of organizations’ targeting strategies. Second, they are more incentivized to learn about this problem because it happens in proximity, and the information spreads easier in rural places. This paper challenges the organizational assumptions in Moldova, relying on Grunig and Miller's theory on organizations with an asymmetrical worldview. I argue that anti‐trafficking institutions’ asymmetry leads to inaccurate assumptions and eventually can lead to flawed anti‐trafficking policies.
Distinct contributions of drought avoidance and drought tolerance to yield improvement in dryland wheat cropping
Authors: Li Pu‐Fang , Ma Bao‐Luo , Palta Jairo A. , Ding Tong‐Tong , Cheng Zheng‐Guo , Xiong You‐Cai 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCrop avoidance and tolerance strategies are critical adaptive mechanisms of drought stress and play different roles in grain yield. However, little is known about the contribution of these two mechanisms to grain yield in old and modern wheat genotypes. Here, pot and field experiments were carried out to characterize and compare the mechanisms of drought avoidance and drought tolerance, and determine their differential contributions to the yield in six wheat genotypes. The pot experiment results demonstrated that the old genotypes acquired a better avoidance ability to adapt to drought stress. These avoidance abilities include larger root systems, lower leaf areas, low stomatal conductance, pale green leaf colour, higher degrees of leaf rolling and leaf waxiness. The modern genotypes displayed stronger drought tolerance advantages, such as high osmotic adjustment and antioxidant enzyme activity, and a smaller root system. Our field experiment further showed that under severe water‐deficit conditions, the old genotypes with stronger drought avoidance traits had higher yields and water use efficiency (WUEg), whereas the modern genotypes with strong drought tolerance characteristics produced higher yields and had higher WUEg under mild and intermediate water deficits. The results indicate that the relative contribution of drought tolerance and drought avoidance to grain yield depends to a large extent on the degree of drought stress and genotypes. Understanding the differential plant response depending on genotype and drought stress may help plant breeders develop drought‐resistant varieties suitable for drought‐prone environments under anticipated climate change scenarios.
Alkaline lysis‐loop mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid and on‐site authentication of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) meat
Authors: Girish Patil S. , Kumari Aparana , Gireesh‐Babu Pathakota , Karabasanavar Nagappa S. , Raja Balamanikandan , Ramakrishna Chitimalla , Barbuddhe Sukhadeo B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIndia is the largest producer and exporter of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) meat in the world. But there are restrictions on the slaughter of cattle (Bos indicus/Bos taurus) and export of beef (cattle meat) from the country. This led to the incidences of misrepresentation of beef and other low cost meat as buffalo meat during export and hence necessitates reliable techniques for species authentication of buffalo meat. Tests need to be rapid to ensure that export consignments are not held for a long time while meat samples are being authenticated. In the present study, a rapid assay for authentication of buffalo meat was developed by employing alkaline lysis (AL) method of DNA extraction and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) using novel primers designed to target mitochondrial D loop region. The results of the AL‐LAMP assay were visualized by SYBR Green I dye. Further, the LAMP amplification was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and fluorometry. The developed AL‐LAMP assay was validated using raw, heat treated, and admixed/adulterated buffalo meat samples. The AL‐LAMP assay could be carried out with minimum instrumentation and hence, holds potential for use as on‐site assay for species authentication of buffalo meat.
Economic Slowdown and Housing Dynamics in China: A Tale of Two Investments by Firms
Authors: DONG FENG , GUO YUMEI , PENG YUCHAO , XU ZHIWEI 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe study the housing boom and economic slowdown in China in a dynamic New Keynesian model. The model features a novel channel of firms' dynamic portfolio choice between physical and housing investment. Housing assets earn a positive return and can be used as collateral for the firm's external finances. A negative productivity shock decreases the relative return of production capital, which translates into a housing boom by increasing the firm's housing demand. A rise in house prices then generates competing effects on real investment: it raises the firm's leverage due to the collateral effect and depresses the firm's demand for physical capital because of the crowding‐out effect. After calibrating the model for the Chinese economy, our quantitative exercise suggests the former effect is dominated by the latter, resulting in countercyclical housing prices. The policy analysis shows that the capital subsidization policy targeting house prices performs better than other macro‐economic policies.
Progesterone receptor‐Src kinase signaling pathway mediates neuroprogesterone induction of the luteinizing hormone surge in female rats
Authors: Chuon Timbora , Feri Micah , Carlson Claire , Ondrejik Sharity , Micevych Paul E , Sinchak Kevin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNeural circuits in female rats are exposed to sequential estradiol and progesterone to regulate the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and ultimately ovulation. Estradiol induces progesterone receptors (PGRs) in anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) kisspeptin neurons, and as estradiol reaches peak concentrations, neuroprogesterone (neuroP) synthesis is induced in hypothalamic astrocytes. This local neuroP signals to PGRs expressed in kisspeptin neurons to trigger the LH surge. We tested the hypothesis that neuroP‐PGR signaling through Src family kinase (Src) underlies the LH surge. As observed in vitro, PGR and Src are co‐expressed in AVPV neurons. Estradiol treatment increased the number of PGR immunopositive cells and PGR and Src colocalization. Furthermore, estradiol treatment increased the number of AVPV cells that had extranuclear PGR and Src in close proximity (< 40 nm). Infusion of the Src inhibitor (PP2) into the AVPV region of ovariectomized/adrenalectomized (ovx/adx) rats attenuated the LH surge in trunk blood collected 53 h post‐estradiol (50 µg) injection that induced neuroP synthesis. Although PP2 reduced the LH surge in estradiol benzoate treated ovx/adx rats, activation of either AVPV PGR or Src in 2 µg estradiol‐primed animals significantly elevated LH concentrations compared to dimethyl sulfoxide infused rats. Finally, antagonism of either AVPV PGR or Src blocked the ability of PGR or Src activation to induce an LH surge in estradiol‐primed ovx/adx rats. These results indicate that neuroP, which triggers the LH surge, signals through an extranuclear PGR‐Src signaling pathway.
The Developmental Change of Print‐Tuned N170 in Highly Transparent Writing Systems1
Authors: Uno Tomoki , Kasai Tetsuko , Seki Ayumi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRapid and implicit letter‐to‐sound conversion is a remarkable ability that develops during school years, which is reflected in the left lateralization of the print‐tuned N170 event‐related potential. Previous studies have shown that elementary school children learning alphabetic scripts elicit bilateral N170, which reflects their underdeveloped phonological conversion processing. However, children learning Japanese hiragana, which has better letter–sound correspondence compared with alphabetic scripts, may acquire the automatic phonological conversion in the early stages of learning to read. To test this notion, we investigated the developmental change of the print‐tuned N170 by comparing 4th–6th grade elementary school children with college students. Participants were required to detect infrequent blue stimuli among a series of black‐colored hiragana words, nonwords, and foreign letter strings. College students showed typical left‐lateralized N170. In contrast, children elicited bilateral N170 for print stimuli, indicating that the implicit phonological conversion was still not established. The finding suggests that the automatization of letter‐to‐sound conversion requires a relatively long learning period even in orthographically transparent scripts.
Telomere dynamics in the first year of life, but not later in life, predict lifespan in a wild bird
Authors: Sheldon Elizabeth Louise , Eastwood Justin Ross , Teunissen Niki , Roast Michael James , Aranzamendi Nataly Hidalgo , Fan Marie , Louise Hall Michelle , Kingma Sjouke Anne , Verhulst Simon , Peters Anne 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTelomeres are protective, nucleoprotein structures at the end of chromosomes that have been associated with lifespan across taxa. However, the extent to which these associations can be attributed to absolute length vs. the rate of telomere shortening prior to sampling remains unresolved. In a longitudinal study, we examined the relationship between lifespan, telomere length and the rate of telomere shortening in wild, purple‐crowned fairy‐wrens (Malurus coronatus coronatus). To this end, we measured telomere length using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the blood of 59 individuals sampled as nestlings and 4–14 months thereafter, and in 141 known‐age individuals sampled on average three times across adulthood. We applied within‐subject centring analyses to simultaneously test for associations between lifespan and average telomere length and telomere shortening. We reveal that the rate of telomere shortening and to a lesser extent telomere length in the first year of life independently predicted lifespan, with individuals with faster shortening rates and/or shorter telomeres living less long. In contrast, in adulthood neither telomere shortening nor telomere length predicted lifespan, despite a considerably larger data set. Our results suggest that telomere length measured very early in life (during development) and longitudinal assessments of telomere shortening during the first year of life constitute more useful biomarkers of total life expectancy than either telomere length measured after development, or telomere shortening later in adulthood.
Cancer stem cells: advances in biology and clinical translation—a Keystone Symposia report
Authors: Cable Jennifer , Pei Duanqing , Reid Lola M. , Wang Xin Wei , Bhatia Sonam , Karras Panagiotis , Melenhorst Jan Joseph , Grompe Markus , Lathia Justin D. , Song Erwei , Kuo Calvin J. , Zhang Ning , White Richard M. , Ma Stephanie Ky , Ma Lichun , Chin Y. Rebecca , Shen Michael M. , Ng Irene Oi Lin , Kaestner Klaus H. , Zhou Lei , Sikandar Shaheen , Schmitt Clemens A. , Guo Wei , Wong Carmen Chak‐Lui , Ji Junfang , Tang Dean G. , Dubrovska Anna , Yang Chunzhang , Wiedemeyer Wolf R. , Weissman Irving L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe test for the cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis is to find a target expressed on all, and only CSCs in a patient tumor, then eliminate all cells with that target that eliminates the cancer. That test has not yet been achieved, but CSC diagnostics and targets found on CSCs and some other cells have resulted in a few clinically relevant therapies. However, it has become apparent that eliminating the subset of tumor cells characterized by self‐renewal properties is essential for long‐term tumor control. CSCs are able to regenerate and initiate tumor growth, recapitulating the heterogeneity present in the tumor before treatment. As great progress has been made in identifying and elucidating the biology of CSCs as well as their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, the time seems ripe for novel therapeutic strategies that target CSCs to find clinical applicability. On May 19–21, 2021, researchers in cancer stem cells met virtually for the Keystone eSymposium “Cancer Stem Cells: Advances in Biology and Clinical Translation” to discuss recent advances in the understanding of CSCs as well as clinical efforts to target these populations.
Contrasting readability and availability of Spanish language with English language patient education materials
Authors: Gorrepati Pavane L. , Smith Gideon P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpanish is the leading non‐English language in the United States, with more than 41 million speakers. The Hispanic population has one of the lowest health literacy rates. Amongst Spanish speakers, limited English proficiency can contribute to poorer health outcomes and greater health disparities, such as lower quality of care received. We sought to assess the availability and readability scores of Spanish‐language dermatologic patient education materials (PEMs) compared with those materials in English.
Concurrent and prospective effects of income, adversity, and parenting behaviors on middle‐childhood effortful control and adjustment
Authors: Lengua Liliana J. , Thompson Stephanie F. , Ruberry Erika J. , Kiff Cara J. , Klein Melanie R. , Moran Lyndsey R. , Zalewski Maureen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study examined whether effortful control (executive control [EC], delay ability [DA]) accounted for the effects of early‐childhood contextual factors (income, cumulative risk, parenting) on middle‐childhood adjustment (social competence, internalizing and externalizing problems), or whether contextual factors account for observed associations between effortful control and adjustment. A sample of children and parents (N = 306) were assessed when children were 3‐, 5‐, and 8‐years. Age‐3 income and cumulative risk predicted changes in age‐8 EC. Also, age‐3 parenting predicted changes in effortful control. Warmth and limit setting predicted increases in EC, whereas negativity predicted decreases in DA from the age of 3 to 5, and scaffolding predicted increases in EC and DA from the age of 5 to 8. In turn, age‐8 EC was associated with higher social competence. However, neither age‐8 EC nor DA was associated with internalizing or externalizing above the effects of age‐8 stress (negative life events). The findings indicate that early‐childhood income, adversity, and parenting are relevant in predicting effortful control development into middle‐childhood, and in turn, middle‐childhood social competence. However, concurrent stress appears more relevant to adjustment problems, implying some of the effects of effortful control might be accounted for by the context of risk.
Cultural variation in the early development of initiative in children's prosocial helping
Authors: Coppens Andrew D. , Rogoff Barbara 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSeparate lines of research on prosocial development suggest that although toddlers worldwide are eagerly helpful, older children help voluntarily in some communities but in other communities, children become resistant to helping with household work. This study investigated these discrepancies by interviewing 64 Mexican‐heritage and middle‐class European American mothers of 2–3‐year‐olds and 6–7‐year‐olds, all living in the US (20 and 12 at these ages in each community). Mothers’ reports are consistent with diverging developmental patterns, and illuminate how the children become involved in helping with work at home: Most 2–3‐year‐olds helped voluntarily, with their own initiative (although Mexican‐heritage children did so more). At age 6–7, Mexican‐heritage children usually helped with their own initiative whereas middle‐class European American children seldom did so; they generally helped under adult management and control, in contractual arrangements. Accounting for cultural variation is important for advancing theories of prosocial development; the paper suggests socialization practices that may explain the different patterns.
Should you need an organ… Flemish secondary school students’ attitudes toward xenotransplantation and transgenetic organ donation
Authors: Reyneke Maryn , Kerckhof Nel , Dherwani Rachna , Borry Pascal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe supply of human organs available for transplantation remains grossly inadequate globally. Animal‐to‐human transplantation, and even more so humanized organ grown in animals, holds promising results for the start of clinical trials in humans. Very little is known about the public's willingness to accept different xenotransplantation techniques. This study aims to determine attitudes toward human‐to‐human transplantation, animal‐to‐human transplantation, and chimera‐to‐human transplantation in the Belgium context.MethodsSecondary school students from Flanders, Belgium, were surveyed between January and June 2019. Socio‐demographic details likely to influence participants’ attitudes were gathered. Participants were presented with three hypothetical cases (human‐to‐human transplantation, animal‐to‐human transplantation, and chimera‐to‐human transplantation) and asked about their willingness to accept the particular organ. Their risk appetite to accept organs with potentially worse outcomes than the status quo was also evaluated.ResultsSeven hundred forty‐one complete questionnaires were analyzed. It can be concluded that Flemish secondary school students favored the techniques of xenotransplantation to a lesser extent than allotransplantation; however, most of them did consider it a good solution for organ shortage. Compared to animal‐to‐human transplantation, chimera‐to‐human transplantation showed a more positive attitude among the respondents when considered a good organ transplantation solution.ConclusionFlemish secondary school students favored the techniques of xenotransplantation to a lesser extent than allotransplantation; however, most of them did consider it a good solution for organ shortage. In comparison to animal‐to‐human transplantation, chimera‐to‐human transplantation showed a more positive attitude among the respondents when considered a good solution for organ transplantation.
A Brief Intervention of Physical Activity Education and Counseling in Community Rehabilitation: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Green Emily T. , Cox Narelle S. , Holland Anne E. 
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of delivering a brief physical activity (PA) intervention to community rehabilitation clients. Participants were randomized to receive one session of stage-of-change-based PA education and counseling in addition to written educational material, or education material alone. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 3 months; the primary outcome was feasibility, measured by the percentage of those who were eligible, consented, randomized, and followed-up. A total of 123 individuals were both eligible and interested in participating, 32% of those screened on admission to the program. Forty participants consented, and 35 were randomized, with mean age 72 years (SD = 12.2). At baseline, 66% had recently commenced or intended to begin regular PA in the next 6 months. A total of 30 participants were followed-up. It is feasible to deliver education and counseling designed to support the long-term adoption of regular PA to community rehabilitation clients. Further refinement of the protocol is warranted (ACTRN12617000519358).
Associations Between Social Media Use, Physical Activity, and Emotional Well-Being From the Midlife in the United States Refresher Daily Diary Study
Authors: Yao Lin Xin , Lachman Margie E. 
Published: December 2021

Only a small percentage of adults engage in regular physical activity, even though it is widely recommended as beneficial for well-being. Thus, it is essential to identify factors that can promote increased physical activity among adults of all ages. The current study examined the relationship of social media use to physical activity and emotional well-being. The sample is from the Midlife in the United States Refresher daily diary study, which includes 782 adults ages 25–75 years. Results showed that those who used social media less often engaged in more frequent physical activity, which, in turn, led to more positive affect. This relationship was found for midlife and older adults but not younger adults. The findings show the benefits of physical activity for well-being and suggest that social media use may dampen efforts to increase physical activity, especially among middle-aged and older adults.