bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Big data in the healthcare system: a synergy with artificial intelligence and blockchain technology
Authors: Pablo Reyes-González Juan , Roberto Díaz-Peregrino , Victor Soto-Ulloa , Isabel Galvan-Remigio , Paul Castillo , Elizabeth Ogando-Rivas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the last decades big data has facilitating and improving our daily duties in the medical research and clinical fields; the strategy to get to this point is understanding how to organize and analyze the data in order to accomplish the final goal that is improving healthcare system, in terms of cost and benefits, quality of life and outcome patient. The main objective of this review is to illustrate the state-of-art of big data in healthcare, its features and architecture. We also would like to demonstrate the different application and principal mechanisms of big data in the latest technologies known as blockchain and artificial intelligence, recognizing their benefits and limitations. Perhaps, medical education and digital anatomy are unexplored fields that might be profitable to investigate as we are proposing. The healthcare system can be revolutionized using these different technologies. Thus, we are explaining the basis of these systems focused to the medical arena in order to encourage medical doctors, nurses, biotechnologies and other healthcare professions to be involved and create a more efficient and efficacy system.
Cognitive Authority as an Instance of Informational and Expert Power
Authors: Savolainen Reijo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The study elaborates the picture of the relationships between information and power by examining how informational and expert power appear in the characterizations of cognitive authority presented in the research literature. The study draws on the conceptual analysis of 25 key studies on the above issues. Mainly focusing on Patrick Wilson’s classic notion of cognitive authority, it was examined how informational power and expert power are constitutive of authority of this kind, and how people subject to the influence of cognitive authorities trust or challenge such authorities. The findings indicate that researchers have characterized the features of expert power inherent in cognitive authority by diverse qualifiers such as competence and trustworthiness of information sources considered authoritative. Informational power has mainly been approached in terms of irrefutability of individual arguments and facts offered by cognitive authorities. Both forms of power are persuasive in nature and information seekers can trust or challenge them by drawing on their experiential knowledge in particular. The findings also highlight the need to elaborate the construct of cognitive authority by rethinking its relevance in the networked information environments where the traditional picture of authoritative information sources is eroding.
An optical parametric Bragg amplifier on a CMOS chip
Authors: Choi Ju Won , Sohn Byoung-Uk , Sahin Ezgi , Chen George F. R. , Xing Peng , Ng Doris K. T. , Eggleton Benjamin J. , Tan Dawn T. H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible optical parametric Bragg amplifier on an ultra-silicon-rich nitride chip. The amplifier design incorporates advantageous group index properties in a nonlinear Bragg grating to circumvent phase matching limitations arising from the bulk material and waveguide dispersion. The grating structure further augments the effective nonlinear parameter of 800 W−1/m, considerably lowering the power required for the observation of strong parametric gain. On/off optical parametric gain of 20 dB is achieved using a low peak power of 1.6 W, in good agreement with numerical calculations. This represents a 7 dB improvement in the parametric gain compared to the absence of grating enhancement which is attributed to the Bragg grating induced superior phase matching.
Combined effects of nano-silica and silica fume on the mechanical behavior of recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Yunchao Tang , Zheng Chen , Wanhui Feng , Yumei Nong , Cong Li , Jieming Chen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) is an environmentally friendly material. However, owing to inherent characteristics of the recycled aggregate (RA), it is difficult to promote and apply it in structural engineering. Silica fume (SF) and nano-silica (NS) have different characteristics as additives for RAC. It has been proven that adding SF only enhances the strength of RAC at a later stage, and NS can improve the early strength of RAC owing to its high pozzolanic activity. In this study, to further improve the properties of RAC, two types of additives were combined into RAC, which was named SF-NS-modified RAC (SSRAC). Compression and split tensile tests were conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of SSRAC at different curing ages. The results indicated that the combined addition of NS and SF improved the performance of RAC at early and later curing ages. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed to explore the NS and SF mechanism. The results indicated that SF and NS in SSRAC had a good pozzolanic effect and underwent a secondary hydration reaction with calcium hydroxide to increase the production of calcium silicate hydrate, resulting in an increase in the properties of the interface transition zone. Finally, 6% SF and 2 or 3% NS are recommended as supplementary cementitious materials for RAC.
A Social Network Analysis of the Oceanographic Community: A Fragmented Digital Community of Practice
Authors: Dahlan Kinda , Terras Melissa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhat does a digital Social Network Analysis reveal about online oceanographic communities on Twitter? We examine the structure of a digital community of practice of oceanographers and ocean-related stakeholders on Twitter using a Social Network Analysis (SNA) approach to understand digital aspects of information production and information flow in oceanography, mapping the social ties between members of a community of practice concerned with the study of the oceans. We carried out the SNA using Docteur Tweety TwExList for data collection, and Gephi to visualize scraped data, and found that although the oceanographic community on Twitter is an active vibrant community, fragmentation between sub-communities exist. Further qualitative sampling revealed where these fragmentations occur between individual researchers, institutions, funding bodies, government agencies, and news outlets as a result of practice, time zones, and geography. The findings also revealed which groups are utilizing Twitter consistently, and which accounts have the potential to connect isolated groups. We recommend that if training were available to assist ocean scientists in understanding the affordances of Twitter, it would be possible to utilise it for better collaboration, community integration, and more effective public outreach.
Digitization of Library Resources in Higher Education Institutions in La Union, Philippines
Authors: Lacuata Ana Nova 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This descriptive research determined the extent of implementation of the guidelines on digitization of resources in the libraries of HEIs in La Union along selection, technical requirement and implementation, legal aspects, budget, human resource planning, development and maintenance, preservation of digital content and project management; and the strengths and weaknesses on digitization of resources. Data gathered using the validated and pretested questionnaire was treated using percentage, ranking, and weighted mean. A total of 40 library personnel participated in the study. The implementation of the guidelines on digitization of resources in the libraries of HEIs in La Union, Philippines was found to be moderately implemented and is relatively weak. A Digitization Manual Model was formulated to address the identified weaknesses. Through these guidelines and procedures, library personnel will have clear guidelines as to how digitization activities must be done. It will serve as a framework that will provide effective and efficient digitization.
Die Sprachlandschaft des schulischen Raums
Authors: Androutsopoulos Jannis , Kuhlee Franziska 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The study of signage in educational settings (‘schoolscape’) is a recent development in linguistic landscape research. Some approaches to schoolscapes focus on signs in schools of various types, which are coded for formal and functional characteristics, including language choice. Other approaches examine signs alongside spatial practices, e. g. the arrangement of furniture and classroom activities, thereby taking the viewpoints of teachers, students and parents into consideration. The research presented in this paper centers on school signs. We propose an analytical framework for schoolscape research which integrates the geosemiotic framework by Scollon and Scollon (2003), the classification of school signage by Gorter and Cenoz (2015), the notion of ‘sign genres’ from linguistic landscape studies and text linguistics, and a context-sensitive approach to spatial differences within educational institutions. Our framework includes four interlocking levels of examination: (a) discourses, i. e. knowledge-and-power configurations, indexed by a sign; (b) genres by which a discourse is materialized in space; (c) a sign’s precise spatial location, e. g. a classroom as opposed to the school foyer, and (d) the semiotic resources that are routinely deployed for various genres of school signage. Empirical evidence comes from a case study of a secondary school in Hamburg, with more than 550 signs photographed and coded. The paper presents an exhaustive analysis of this data in terms of seven discourses, each materialized by a number of genres and with a specific spatial distribution in the school. The potential of this framework for future schoolscape research is discussed.
Nutzungsstatistiken von linguistischen Online-Ressourcen: Potentiale und Limitationen
Authors: Wolfer Sascha , Michaelis Frank , Müller-Spitzer Carolin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Dictionary usage research views dictionaries primarily as tools for solving linguistic problems. A large proportion of dictionary use now takes place online and can thus be easily monitored using tracking technologies. Using the data gathered through tracking usage data, we hope to optimize user experiences of dictionaries and other linguistic resources. Usage statistics are also used for external evaluation of linguistic resources. In this paper, we pursue the following three questions from a quantitative perspective: (1) What new insights can we gain from collecting and analysing usage data? (2) What limitations of the data and/or the collection process do we need to be aware of? (3) How can these insights and limitations inform the development and evaluation of linguistic resources?
Comparison of V̇o 2peak and V̇o 2max at Different Sampling Intervals in Collegiate Wrestlers
Authors: Sell Katie M. , Ghigiarelli Jamie J. , Prendergast James M. , Ciani Gioia J. , Martin Jacob , Gonzalez Adam M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sell, KM, Ghigiarelli, JJ, Prendergast, JM, Ciani, GJ, Martin, J, and Gonzalez, AM. Comparison of V̇o
2peak and V̇o
2max at different sampling intervals in collegiate wrestlers. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2915–2917, 2021—The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the highest oxygen uptake (V̇o
2peak) achieved during a maximal effort graded exercise test (GXT) in 20 NCAA Division I male wrestlers using breath-by-breath (BbB) values to the maximal uptake averaged across different time- and breath-based oxygen consumption sampling intervals (V̇o
2max). Given the need for aerobic fitness and anaerobic power in wrestling, the accurate determination of V̇o
2max is imperative if it is to be used to identify current aerobic fitness and consequently guide sport-specific training programs to address weaknesses in this area. Each subject completed a cycle ergometer GXT during which BbB data were collected via indirect calorimetry and V̇o
2peak determined as the highest value. V̇o
2max was considered as the average value of 3-s, 5-s, 10-s, 20-s, and 30-s sampling, and 3-b, 7-b, and 11-b sampling during the GXT. Results show that the BbB V̇o
2peak was significantly higher than the 5-s, 10-s, 20-s, 30-s, and 11-b (p < 0.05). The 3-b V̇o
2max was significantly higher than the 20-s and 30-s V̇o
2max values (p < 0.05). The underestimation of V̇o
2peak for each time-based interval sampling approach compared with BbB V̇o
2peak is consistent with previous research, but the comparison of BbB data to breath-based interval sampling has not been widely addressed in prior research. The use of a 7-b sampling interval for the determination of V̇o
2max may be a promising approach to minimize the systematic errors associated with BbB or less frequent sampling intervals, but future research is needed to further support its application with elite athletic populations such as those in the current study.
La evolución de la evaluación: por el mejoramiento del ejercicio docente
Authors: Hernández Barriga Fabiola Inés , Orozco Carlos Alfonso , Fonseca Ortiz Lina María , Fernández Peña Iliana , Fonseca Gómez Lida Rubiela , Gutiérrez Mora Esther 
Published: August 2021

En el 2005, la Universidad Santo Tomás (USTA comenzó un ejercicio de reflexión acerca de la evaluación docente, la importancia de los procesos asociados y su respectivo impacto sobre la comunidad académica, en virtud de ello, el objetivo versó sobre la realización de una revisión y ajuste del instrumento de evaluación que se aplicaba. Por lo anterior, se entendió la importancia de ser críticos, de aprender de lo vivido, realizar un ejercicio valorativo que permita tomar decisiones de mejoramiento (USTA, 2010).
La Gestión de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo: acción más que Retórica
Authors: Rodríguez-Rojas Yuber Liliana 
Published: August 2021

Colombia decidió asumir un nuevo reto, incorporar los sistemas de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en las organizaciones. Aunque los sistemas de gestión son una herramienta que usan las organizaciones para dar una estructura a la seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST y, se ha evidenciado que, estos conllevan a efectos positivos en la gestión de las organizaciones y en la seguridad y salud de los trabajadores, no son suficientes ante las variaciones que tiene el trabajo en la actualidad, derivado de las nuevas modalidades en la prestación de servicios, el crecimiento de la complejidad organizacional y los riesgos laborales emergentes. Un ejemplo de ello, son las nuevas startups, en las cuales el negocio se soporta en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y, se basan en la economía colaborativa.
E-Swimming
Authors: Núñez Pinilla Víctor Manuel 
Published: August 2021

En medio de una realidad completamente atípica, la academia no podía ser la excepción; las clases se alteraron, los estudiantes se alejaron y los docentes se afectaron. Toda la educación se vio mediada por la tecnología, las redes sociales se convirtieron en la mejor herramienta pedagógica y todo lo que se planeó para actividades presenciales, ahora debe ser aplicado por plataformas virtuales de reunión. ¡El nuevo reto de los docentes!
Si las clases teóricas en sí mismas ya eran un reto, ahora, preparar una clase práctica, en una cátedra deportiva, bajo un modelo de enseñanza mediada por tecnología era aún mayor. La tarea no fue solo familiarizarse con la plataforma, era conectar a los estudiantes con la clase, con la Cátedra Opcional Institucional de Natación; eso implicava no sólo al cumplimiento del syllabus, también a no dejar de lado las expectativas planteadas por los estudiantes al matricular esta cátedra: aprender a nadar. Con la convicción de que los diferentes deportes se aprenden practicando, y por la lectura que realizo de los estudiantes, que así también lo creen, se plantea la ausencia del escenario por medio de estrategias prácticas en tierra.
Aspectos éticos e econômicos da tributação sob uma perspectiva hoppeana
Authors: Alves Felipe Freitas de Araújo , Cirino Luis Felipe Ramos , Madeira Germano Leão Hitzchky , Da Silva Zuanetti Caio 
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a ética e a economia da tributação sob a luz dos ensinamentos desenvolvidos por Hans-Hermann Hoppe. Com supedâneo na Ética Argumentativa Hoppeana, o artigo aborda as consequências econômicas da espoliação legal, valendo-se, para tanto, da metodologia desenvolvida pela Escola Austríaca de Economia, corrente de pensamento econômico da qual Hoppe faz parte. Ademais, Hans Hoppe deixa claro que a tributação deve ser vista – acima de tudo – como um meio de destruição da propriedade e formação de riqueza. Em suma, as obras de Hans-Hermann Hoppe caracterizam-se por uma intransigente defesa moral e intelectual do direito de propriedade privada, cujas lições pouco ortodoxas sintetizam, por um lado, uma profunda crítica ética ao ato de tributar e, por outro, a destruição de riqueza que esse instituto causa.
Evaluating Strategic Structures in Multi-Agent Inverse Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Fu Justin , Tacchetti Andrea , Perolat Julien , Bachrach Yoram 
Published: August 2021

A core question in multi-agent systems is understanding the motivations for an agent's actions based on their behavior. Inverse reinforcement learning provides a framework for extracting utility functions from observed agent behavior, casting the problem as finding domain parameters which induce such a behavior from rational decision makers. We show how to efficiently and scalably extend inverse reinforcement learning to multi-agent settings, by reducing the multi-agent problem to N single-agent problems while still satisfying rationality conditions such as strong rationality. However, we observe that rewards learned naively tend to lack insightful structure, which causes them to produce undesirable behavior when optimized in games with different players from those encountered during training. We further investigate conditions under which rewards or utility functions can be precisely identified, on problem domains such as normal-form and Markov games, as well as auctions, where we show we can learn reward functions that properly generalize to new settings.
Сорбционные материалы для твердофазной экстракции вязкостных присадок на основе полиалкилметакрилата из смазочных материалов
Authors: Иванова Юлия Анатольевна , Темердашев Зауаль Ахлоович , Киселева Наталия Владимировна , Махоткина Дарья Александровна 
Published: August 2021

Работа посвящена изучению сорбционных материалов для твердофазного извлечения вязкостных присадок на основе полиалкилметакрилата из смазочного материала и хроматографическому определению выделенных присадок. Объектами исследования были индивидуальные товарные функциональные присадки на основе полиалкилметакрилата «Максойл В», полиметилметакрилат «Д» (ПМАД). В качестве сорбционных материалов использовали концентрирующие патроны на немодифицированном силикагеле «Диапак Силикагель» и гидроксилированный силикагель (зернение 5-50 мкм). Концентрацию функциональных присадок определяли методом гель-проникающей хроматографии (ГПХ). ГХ-МС идентификацию полимерной присадки в составе элюатов проводили с использованием библиотеки масс-спектров NIST 07. Для каждого сорбента построены динамические кривые сорбции, рассчитаны сорбционные характеристики по отношению к исследуемым вязкостным присадкам («объем до проскока», равновесный объем, объем удерживания и др.). «Объемы до проскока» на обоих сорбентах определили для исследуемых присадок в растворителях с различной полярностью. На сорбенте «Диапак Силикагель» «объемы до проскока» составили для присадок «Максойл В» и ПМАД: в смеси гексан:трихлорметан (7:3 по объему) 0.3 и 0.5 см3, гексане 0.6 и 0.8 см3 соответственно. При твердофазном извлечении гидроксилированным силикагелем товарных вязкостных присадок «Максойл В» и ПМАД «объемы до проскока» составили: в смеси гексан:трихлорметан (7:3 по объему) 1.95 и 1.50 см3, гексане – 3.40 и 3.01 см3 соответственно. Степень извлечения товарных вязкостных присадок «Максойл В» и ПМАД гидроксилированным силикагелем оптимальным объемом элюента (ацетоном) 1.5 см3 составила 45 и 103%, а с использованием менее полярного элюента - смеси гексан:трихлорметан (7:3 по объему) при объеме элюента 2.5 см3 – 35 и 86%, соответственно. Низкая степень извлечения присадки «Максойл В» связана с его высокой молекулярной массой и, как следствие, необратимой сорбцией на сорбенте на основе немодифицированного силикагеля. Для более полного извлечения такого рода веществ, по-видимому, необходимо применение модифицированных сорбентов.
Сочетание сорбции из гексанового раствора вязкостных присадок на основе полиалкилметакрилата из базовой основы смазочных материалов и десорбции аналитов ацетоном показали большую эффективность гидроксилированного силикагеля по отношению к исследуемым аналитам.
Анализ свойств пленок молекулярно-импринтированных полимеров на основе полиимида
Authors: Ву Хоанг Иен , Као Ньят Линь , Зяблов Александр Николаевич 
Published: August 2021

В работе получены молекулярно-импринтированные полимеры на основе сополимера диангидрида 1,2,4,5-бензолтетракарбоновой кислоты и 4,4′-диаминодифенилоксида и раствора консервантов (2:1). Исследование свойств пленок молекулярно-импринтированных полимеров (МИП) проводили методом инфракрасной спектроскопии и сканирующей силовой микроскопии (ССМ).
Установлено, что в ИК-спектрах МИП и полимеров сравнения отсутствуют существенные различия. Это означает, что при синтезе молекулярно-импринтированных полимеров «лестничная» структура, характерная для полиимида сохраняется, но при этом увеличивается интенсивность характеристических частот для полимеров с отпечатками консервантов.
Анализ морфологии поверхности пленок показал, что нанесение предполимеризационной смеси штампом приводит к формированию более равномерной поверхности (с перепадом высот от 1.4 до 2.6 нм) чем в случае, когда смесь наносили шпателем (с высотами в диапазоне 0.9-4.0 нм). Отработанная методика нанесения смеси штампованием позволяет получать пленки с хорошей воспроизводимостью толщины и морфологии поверхности.
Сравнение ССМ-изображений молекулярно-импринтированных полимеров и полиимида, на основе которого они получены, выявило уменьшение количества микро- и увеличение количества мезопор. При этом морфология пленок МИП-Е202 и МИП-Е211 имеет существенные отличия, связанные с особенностями формирования отпечатков сорбата калия и бензоата натрия.
При синтезе МИП-Е211 образуется значительное количество мезо- и макропор. С учетом малого размера молекулы бензоата натрия (0.82 нм), можно предположить, что внутренние поверхности мезо- и макропор полимерной пленки могут содержать углубления и поры (отпечатки) комплементарные молекулам бензоата натрия. В случае с сорбатом калия, имеющего линейную структуру, его молекулы располагаются как на поверхности, так и заглубляются в матрицу полимера. При их удалении остаются отпечатки, которые составляют большую часть поверхности и соответствуют размерам ультрамикро- и микропор.
Проведенные исследования ССМ-изображений пленок молекулярно-импринтированных полимеров выявили отсутствие глобул на их поверхности, что свидетельствует о практически полном удалении в процессе экстракции молекул-шаблонов.