bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Smart Home use based on the Degree of Health-related Risk Variation: A Cross - Sectional National Survey in China
Authors: He Feiying , Wu Yibo , Yang Jiao , Chen Keer , Xie Jingyu , Tuersun Yusupujiang , Li Lehuan , Wu Fangjing , Kan Yifan , Deng Yuqian , Zhao Liping , Chen Jingxi , Sun Xinying , Liao Shengwu , Chen JiangYun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDigital health has become a heated topic today and smart homes have received much attention as an important area of digital health. However, most of the existing studies have focused on discussing the impact of smart homes on people or the attitudes of older people towards smart homes. Only few studies have focused on relationship between health-related risks and use of smart homes.AimsTo investigate the association between health-related risks and the use of smart homes, provide new recommendations to promote the implementation of digital health strategies and achieve health for all.MethodsWe used data from 11,031 participants aged 18 and above. The population was clustered based on five health-related risk factors: perceived social support, family health, health literacy, media use, and chronic diseases self-behavioral management. A total of 23 smart homes were categorized into three sub-categories: entertainment smart home, functional smart home, and health smart home. We analyzed demographic characteristics and utilization rate of smart home across different cluster.ResultsThe participants were clustered into three groups: low risk, meddle risk, and high risk. The utilization rate of smart home was the most popular in the low risk group (total smart home: 86.97%; entertainment smart home: 61.07%, functional smart home: 77.42%, and health smart home: 75.33%; p < 0.001). For entertainment smart home, smart TV had the highest utilization rate (low risk: 45.73%; middle risk: 43.52%, high risk: 33.38%, p<0.001). For functional smart home, smart washing machine (low risk: 37.66%, middle risk: 35.11%, high risk: 26.49%; p<0.001) and smart air conditioner (low risk: 35.95%, middle risk: 29.13%, high risk: 24.61%) were higher than other of this category. For health smart home, sports bracelet has the highest utilization rate (low risk: 37.29%, middle risk: 24.49%, high risk: 22.83%).ConclusionHealth-related risks are an important factor affecting the use of smart homes. Joint efforts of government and product manufacturers are needed to broaden the smart home market and promote the implementation of digital health strategies.
A Clinical Evaluation Study of Cardiothoracic Ratio Measurement Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Saiviroonporn Pairash , Wonglaksanapimon Suwimon , Chaisangmongkon Warasinee , Chamveha Isarun , Yodprom Pakorn , Butnian Krittachat , Siriapisith Thanogchai , Tongdee Trongtum 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Artificial Intelligence, particularly the Deep Learning (DL) model, can provide reliable results for automated cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) measurement on Chest x-ray (CXR) images. In everyday clinical use, however, this technology is usually implemented in a non-automated (AI-assisted) capacity because it still requires approval from radiologists. We investigated the performance and efficiency of our recently proposed models for the AI-assisted method intended for clinical practice.
Methods
We validated four proposed DL models (AlbuNet, SegNet, VGG-11, and VGG-16) to find the best model for clinical implementation using a dataset of 7,517 CXR images from manual operations. These models were investigated in single-model and combined-model modes to find the model with the highest percentage of results where the user could accept the results without further interaction (excellent grade), and with measurement variation within ± 1.8% of the human-operating range. The best model from the validation study was then tested on an evaluation dataset of 9,386 CXR images using the AI-assisted method with two radiologists to measure the yield of excellent grade results, observer variation, and operating time. A Bland-Altman plot with coefficient of variation (CV) was employed to evaluate agreement between measurements.
Results
The VGG-16 gave the highest excellent grade result (68.9%) of any single-model mode with a CV comparable to manual operation (2.12% vs 2.13%). No DL model produced a failure-grade result. The combined-model mode of AlbuNet+VGG-11 model yielded excellent grades in 82.7% of images and a CV of 1.36%. Using the evaluation dataset, the AlbuNet+VGG-11 model produced excellent grade results in 77.8% of images, a CV of 1.55%, and reduced operating time by almost ten-fold (1.07 ± 2.62 secs vs 10.6 ± 1.5 sec) compared to manual operation.
Conclusion
Due to its exceptional accuracy and speed, the AlbuNet+VGG-11 model could be clinically implemented to assist radiologists with CTR measurement.
Insights Into Amino Acid Metabolism and Incorporation by Compound- Specific Carbon Isotope Analysis of three-Spined Sticklebacks
Authors: Jochmann Maik , Hesse Tobias , Nachev Milen , Khaliq Shaista , Franke Frederik , Scharsack Jörn , Kurtz Joachim , Sures Bernd , Schmidt Torsten 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Interpretation of isotope data is of upmost importance in ecology to build sound models for the study of animal diets, migration patterns and physiology. However, our understanding of isotope fractionation and incorporation into different consumer tissues is still limited. We therefore measured the δ13C values of individual amino acids from muscle and liver tissue of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) over time in a controlled feeding experiment. The isotope signatures of amino acids in the liver quickly responded to even small shifts in dietary isotope compositions, whereas muscle tissue remained isotopically constant over time. No significant fractionation between diet and fish tissues was observed for half of the amino acids in both liver and muscle tissue, supporting the idea of direct nutrient routing on a protein rich diet. Small isotopic differences were observed for alanine, glycine and serine between diet and liver, indicating that metabolic processes such as glycolysis or gluconeogenesis can be tracked by the isotope signatures of their main substitutes. We demonstrate that compound-specific isotope analysis has great potential to investigate the main metabolic pathways of organisms and suggest further investigations using isotopically enriched materials to facilitate the correct interpretation of ecological field data.
Perphenazine and Prochlorperazine Decrease Glioblastoma U87-MG Cells Migration and Invasion: Analysis of the ABCB1 and ABCG2 Transporters, E-Cadherin, α-Tubulin, and Integrins (α3, α5, and β1) Levels.
Authors: Otręba Michał , Stojko Jerzy , Kabała-Dzik Agata , Rzepecka-Stojko Anna 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Glioblastoma multiforme is the most frequent malignant brain tumor as well as one of the most lethal and untreatable human tumors with a very poor survival rate. Thus, novel and effective strategies of treatment are required. Integrins play a crucial role in the regulation of cellular adhesion and invasion. Moreover, integrins and alpha-tubulin are very important in cell migration, while E-cadherin plays the main role in tumor metastasis. Their ability to penetrate the BBB and signs of intracerebral activity are very important in glioblastoma therapy. ABC transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2, which are localized in the brain endothelial capillaries of BBB, play a crucial role in the development of multidrug resistance, and are modulated by phenothiazine derivatives. Methods: The impact on the motility of human glioblastoma U87-MG was evaluated with a wound healing assay; cellular migration, and invasion by the transwell assay, while ABCB1, ABCG2, E-cadherin, α-tubulin, and integrins content was determined with the Western blot.Results: This study explores the effect of perphenazine and prochlorperazine on ABCB1, ABCG2, E-cadherin, α-tubulin, and integrins (α3, α5, and β1) amount as well as on migration and invasion ability of human glioblastoma (U87-MG) cells. The results suggest that perphenazine and prochlorperazine modulate multidrug resistance proteins (they decrease ABCB1 and increase ABCG2), E-cadherin, α-tubulin, and integrins amount as well as impair migration and invasion of the U87-MG cell line. Conclusions: The decrease of migration and invasion ability after phenothiazine derivatives treatment due to the increase of ABCG2 and E-cadherin as well as the decrease of α-tubulin, and integrins amounts can support the hypothesis that perphenazine and prochlorperazine have the anticancer effect on human glioblastoma U87-MG cells.
Enhanced Energy Storage Density and Excellent Thermal Stability Under Low Electric Fields of KF-added BNT–ST-AN Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics Prepared by the Solid-state Combustion Technique
Authors: Kornphom Chittakorn , Saenkam Kamonporn , Bongkarn Theerachai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Homogeneous 0.722(Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3)-0.228(SrTiO3)-0.05(AgNbO3) (BNT-ST-AN) ceramics with various amounts of potassium fluoride (KF) added were prepared by the solid-state combustion technique. The ceramics presented a single perovskite phase with coexisting rhombohedral (R), cubic (C) and orthorhombic (O) phases. The amount of the R phase decreased while the percentage of the C+O phase increased when KF addition increased from 0.0 to 3.0 mol%. The smallest grain size, the highest density and maximum dielectric constant (em) were achieved with a KF addition of 1.5 mol%. Following this design composition of the ceramics, the highest recoverable energy-storage density (Wrec ~1.60 J/cm3) and η above 85.8% at a low electric field (100 kV/cm) were obtained from BNT-ST-AN with KF addition at 1.5 mol% because this composition contained a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region and had the smallest grain size, which gave the lowest remnant polarization (Pr) and a large maximum polarization (Pm). Additionally, BNT-ST-AN with KF addition at 0.15 mol% exhibits stability over a wide range of temperatures (25–150°C) at a low electric field (100 kV/cm), which shows great potential in pulse-power system applications.
Influence of Vibrotactile Random Noise on the Smoothness of the Grasp Movement in Patients in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Osumi Michihiro , Sumitani Masahiko , Otake Yuko , Nishi Yuki , Nobusako Satoshi , Morioka Shu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) often suffer from sensorimotor dysfunction of the distal portion of the extremities (e.g., loss of somatosensory sensation, numbness/tingling, difficulty typing on a keyboard, or difficulty undoing or doing up a button). The present study aimed to reveal the effects of subthreshold vibrotactile random noise stimulation on sensorimotor dysfunction in CIPN patients without exacerbating symptoms. Methods Twenty-five patients with CIPN and 28 age-matched healthy adults participated in this study. To reveal the effects of subthreshold vibrotactile random noise stimulation on sensorimotor function, participants were asked to perform grasp movement tasks during random noise stimulation delivered to the volar and dorsal wrist. We set three intensity conditions of the vibrotactile random noise: 0%, 60%, and 120% of the sensory threshold (Noise 0%, Noise 60%, and Noise 120% conditions). In the grasp movement task, the distance between the thumb and index finger was recorded while the participant attempted to grasp a target object, and the smoothness of the grasp movement was quantified by calculating normalized jerk in each experimental condition. The experimental data were compared using two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance with two binary factors: experimental condition (Noise 0%, 60%, 120%) × group (Healthy controls, CIPN patients).Results The smoothness of the grasp movement was only improved in the Noise 60% condition without exacerbating numbness/tingling in CIPN patients and healthy controls. Conclusions The current study suggested that the development of treatment devices using stochastic resonance can improve sensorimotor function for CIPN patients.Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry（UMIN-CTR）No. UMIN000024776https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/s/detail/um?trial_id=UMIN000024776#
Human Activity Recognition of Exoskeleton Robot with Supervised Learning Techniques
Authors: Mai Jiacheng , chen zhiyuan , Yi Chunzhi , Ding Zhen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Lower limbs exoskeleton robots improve the motor ability of humans and can facilitate superior rehabilitative training. By training large datasets, many of the currently available mobile and signal devices that may be worn on the body can employ machine learning approaches to forecast and classify people's movement characteristics. This approach could help exoskeleton robots improve their ability to predict human activities. Two popular data sets are PAMAP2, which was obtained by measuring people's movement through inertial sensors, and WISDM, which was collected people's activity information through mobile phones. With the focus on human activity recognition, this paper applied the traditional machine learning method and deep learning method to train and test these datasets, whereby it was found that the prediction performance of a decision tree model was highest on these two data sets, which is 99% and 72% separately, and the time consumption of decision tree is the least. In addition, a comparison of the signals collected from different parts of the human body showed that the signals deriving from the hands presented the best performance in terms of recognizing human movement types.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 Ameliorates Lupus Nephritis Through Inhibiting NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling Pathways in MRL/lpr Mice
Authors: Li Xuewei , Zhao Yingzhe , Xu Ning , Lv E , Ci Cunzeng , Li Xiangling 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the etiology and pathogenesis of LN remain unknown. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3（1,25-(OH)2-VitD3）is the active form of vitamin D, which has been known to have important functions in inflammation and immune diseases. In this study, we investigated Its protective effects and underlying mechanism in MRL/lpr mice, a well-studied animal model for lupus.Methods: At the age of 11 weeks, forty-eight MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into two groups with 24 mice per group: the VitD3-treated group and control group. Mice in the VitD3-treated group received 4μg/kg 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in 1％ dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) intraperitoneal injection twice a week for 3 weeks (mice were executed at 0,2,4,6 weeks after treatment); mice in the control group treated with intraperitoneal injection of 1% DMSO for 3 weeks (mice were executed at 0,2,4,6 weeks after injections). The mice were sacrificed and the serum and kidney samples were collected respectively at planned intervals. Then the skin lesions, histological changes, inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-17) and immunological markers (A-ds DNA, C3, IgG, IgM) with time were analyzed between the groups. Furthermore, the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways were also detected to explicate the underlying mechanism. Results: Compared to the control group, mice in the VitD3-treated group showed less skin lesions, less kidney injury, lower serum anti-ds DNA antibody, lower inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-17 and higher serum complement C3; they also had less deposition of IgG, IgM and C3 within glomeruli. Moreover, the expressions of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways were decreased, while those levels were increased with time.Conclusion: This study shows that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 exerts a protective effect against lupus nephritis via regulating the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways, which will be developed as a potential agent for the treatment of Lupus nephritis. And the relationship between lupus activity and NF-kB and MAPKs signaling pathways with time was revealed.
Demographic and Clinical Parameters Are Comparable Across Different Types of Pediatric Feeding Disorders
Authors: Galai Tut , Friedman Gal , MA Michal Moses , Shemer Kim , Gal Dana L , Yerushalmy-Feler Anat , Lubetzky Ronit , Cohen Shlomi , Moran-Lev Hadar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Knowledge and understanding of risk mechanisms associated with pediatric feeding disorders (PFD) remain limited. We aimed to investigate causative factors associated with PFD and their relation to specific PFD types according to the recent consensus WHO-based definition. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children with PFD and retrieved their demographic and clinical characteristics. Healthy age- and sex-matched children served as controls. Results: Included were 254 children with PFD [median (interquartile range) age 16.4 (9.5-33) months at diagnosis] and 108 children in the control group [median age 24.85 (14.5-28.5) months]. According to the WHO-based definition, disturbances in oral intake were predominantly related to nutritional dysfunction in 118 (46.6%), feeding skill dysfunction in 83 (32.3%), medical conditions in 42 (16.7%) and psychosocial dysfunction in 11 (4.4%). In multivariate analysis, children with PFD had a higher risk for lower socioeconomic background (P<0.01) and low birth weight (26.8% compared to 7.4% ,P<0.001). Moreover, significantly fewer children in the PFD group were breastfed (75% versus 89%, P=0.003). There were no significant differences in any of those variables between PFD types. Conclusions: Low socioeconomic status, lack of breastfeeding, and low birth weight were significantly more frequent in children with PFD. PDF manifest as multiple dysfunctions, thus highlighting the need to offer these children and their families multidisciplinary care.
The Utility of Serum Anti-thyroglobulin Antibody and Thyroglobulin in the Preoperative Differential Diagnosis of Thyroid Follicular Neoplasm
Authors: Chen Zhijiang , Lin Yinghe , Lai Shuiqing , Wang Peiqing , Li Jinlian , Wang Long , Guan Haixia , Kuang Jian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PurposeIt is challenging to distinguish follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) from follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) before surgery due to the lack of malignant ultrasound features, the underdiagnosis by fine-needle biopsy, and the absence of definitive markers. We investigated whether thyroglobulin (Tg), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) could help differentiate FTC from FTA.MethodsA total of 319 patients with follicular neoplasms were included. We analyzed the serum markers as continuous and categorical variables between FTC and FTA. Also, we analyzed the prevalence of FTC in different serum markers groups.ResultsThe TgAb was a risk factor of FTC. Versus the TgAb group (≤11.68 IU/mL), OR of the group (11.69-30.50 IU/mL) and the group (＞30.50 IU/mL) were 2.206 (1.114-4.369, P=0.023) and 3.247 (1.684-6.260, P＜0.001), respectively. Versus the TgAb group (≤11.68 IU/mL), the malignant prevalence of the group (＞30.50 IU/mL) was higher (13.1% vs. 32.9%, P=0.001). In TgAb (-) patients, the Tg was another risk factor of FTC. Versus the Tg group (≤38.51 ng/mL), OR of the group (＞434.60 ng/mL) was 3.836 (1.625-9.058, P=0.002); the malignant prevalence of the group (＞434.60 ng/mL) was 47.2% and higher than other groups.ConclusionsThe TgAb and Tg may have utility in the preoperative differential diagnosis of follicular neoplasm. The higher TgAb and Tg were associated with higher malignant risk. Thus, we should be cautious of preoperative TgAb and Tg in follicular neoplasm.
Wheat Leaf Area Index Prediction Using Data Fusion Based on High-Resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery
Authors: Wu Shuang , Deng Lei , Guo Lijie , Wu Yanjie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Leaf Area Index (LAI) is half of the amount of leaf area per unit horizontal ground surface area. Consequently, accurate vegetation extraction in remote sensing imagery is critical for LAI estimation. However, most studies do not fully exploit the advantages of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery with high spatial resolution, such as not removing the background (soil and shadow, etc.). Furthermore, the advancement of multi-sensor synchronous observation and integration technology allows for the simultaneous collection of canopy spectral, structural, and thermal data, making it possible for data fusion.Methods: To investigate the potential of high-resolution UAV imagery combined with multi-sensor data fusion in LAI estimation. High-resolution UAV imagery was obtained with a multi-sensor integrated MicaSense Altum camera to extract the wheat canopy's spectral, structural, and thermal features. After removing the soil background, all features were fused, and LAI was estimated using Random Forest and Support Vector Machine Regression.Result: The results show that: (1) the soil background reduced the accuracy of the LAI prediction, and soil background could be effectively removed by taking advantage of high-resolution UAV imagery. After removing the soil background, the LAI prediction accuracy improved significantly, R2 raised by about 0.27, and RMSE fell by about 0.476. (2) The fusion of multi-sensor synchronous observation data improved LAI prediction accuracy and achieved the best accuracy (R2 = 0.815 and RMSE = 1.023). (3) When compared to other variables, 23 CHM, NRCT, NDRE, and BLUE are crucial for LAI estimation. Even the simple Multiple Linear Regression model could achieve high prediction accuracy (R2 = 0.679 and RMSE = 1.231), providing inspiration for rapid and efficient LAI prediction.Conclusions: The method of this study can be transferred to other sites with more extensive areas or similar agriculture structures, which will facilitate agricultural production and management.
An Investigation Into the Effect of Pre-bending on the Tube Hydro-forging Technology
Authors: Lin Caiyuan , Chu Guan-Nan , Sun Lei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Tube hydro-forging (THFG) combining with the pre-bending is an advanced method to manufacture the complex cross-sectional tubular component with curved axis. However, the effect of pre-bending on the subsequent THFG, especially on the critical internal pressure required to inhibit wrinkling, has not been clarified yet. Therefore, this paper makes a detailed study on it. At first, based on the energy method, the change rule between the critical internal pressure and the hoop strain was established when pre-bending was considered. Subsequently, the mechanics condition difference between single and double curvature differential segment during THFG was analyzed. Via the plastic theory, the distribution of hoop strain could be obtained. Mainly due to the uneven distribution of thickness and cold work-hardening caused by pre-bending, the maximum hoop strain at the outer straight-wall was greater than that at the inner straight-wall during THFG. Substituting the maximum hoop strain at the outer/inner straight-wall into the change rule, then their mathematical model of the critical internal pressure to restrain the wrinkling could be solved respectively. Finally, the critical internal pressure considering pre-bending was determined by that of outer straight-wall, and its value was always greater than the critical internal pressure without considering pre-bending under the same punch stroke. With the increase of bending radius, the critical internal pressure difference between considering and not considering pre-bending also increases. When the bending radius was 250 mm, the critical internal pressure difference was 33%, while it increased to 74% as the bending radius reduced to 100 mm, all of which were verified by experiment. The effect of friction coefficient on the critical internal pressure was also studied. In conclusion, this work provided a new and more accurate prediction model of critical internal pressure to guide practical production for when existing the pre-bending.