bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a mathematical approach of spatial permeability (Kyrillos's Model)
Authors: Alsabbagh Hadeel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSpatial permeability is a distinctive characteristic of urban form. However, a definitive method for measuring it remains a challenge. This study aims to investigate factors affecting permeability within urban systems, with a focus on incorporating a theoretical framework to support a mathematical approach. Moreover, a method for testing reliability and consistency is suggested. The methodology comprised theoretical and empirical sections. The theoretical part explores the concept of permeability and the core variables that affect permeability in cities. The experimental section involved analyzing 52 zones in Erbil City, extracting their physical and spatial attributes to be utilized as input data for the model. Ultimately, it is evident that the permeability of the built environment is defined by factors such as depth, choice, block size, and spatial maneuverability. The proposed model shows how permeability stands out from other spatial indicators, offering important initial insights into the expanding field of urban form analysis.
Examining spatial equity in emergency facilities during the later stage of COVID-19 in China: insights from nucleic acid testing sites
Authors: Lin Zhe , Li Gang , Lan Li , Jin Annan , Nie Qifan , Zhang Yuyao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCommunity-level emergency facilities are essential for disaster prevention and response, contributing significantly to urban health equity. This study aims to explore the multi-scale spatial pattern, multi-dimensional availability evaluation, and multi-scenario simulation optimization of nucleic acid testing sites during the later stage of COVID-19. At a macro scale, these sites demonstrated a "multi-core clustering" pattern, while at a micro-scale, they were community-centered, often located in areas with low traffic and better ventilation. Spatial accessibility analysis showed high accessibility in urban centers when only facility capacity was considered, though accessibility dropped relative to suburban areas when community population and time costs were included. Temporally, site availability followed an M-shaped distribution. This study optimized testing site locations, providing insights into equitable distribution and supply–demand balance for emergency facilities.
Effectiveness of auricular acupoint therapy on chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal reaction in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Kangli , Zhang Ning , Ye Tao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of auricular acupoint therapy (AAT) in the treatment of gastrointestinal reactions in patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy.

Methods
We searched all Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on AAT for chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal reaction in breast cancer patients in Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library in English, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, SinoMed and Chongqing VIP in Chinese, from inception to December 31, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results
Twenty RCTs involving 1704 patients were included. All RCTs were reviewed by descriptive analysis, then 19 RCTs were included in the meta-analyses. The results showed: ① AAT can improve the symptoms of nausea (OR = 3.92, 95% CI (1.29, 11.93), Z = 2.40, P = 0.02) and vomiting (OR = 2.88, 95% CI (1.41, 5.88), Z = 2.91, P = 0.004), not only in acute period [OR = 2.83, 95% CI (1.73, 4.63), Z = 4.15, P < 0.001], but also in delayed period [OR = 5.38, 95% CI (3.86, 7.50), Z = 9.93, P < 0.001]; AAT can reduce the intensity [WMD = -3.38, 95%CI (-5.05, -1.71), P < 0.001] and the frequency [WMD = -3.29, 95%CI (-4.82, -1.76), P < 0.001] of nausea both in acute and delayed period; ② AAT can reduce the incidence of belching, sour regurgitation, and loss of appetite [OR = 0.33, 95%CI (0.26, 0.41), P < 0.001]; ③ AAT can reduce the incidence of constipation [OR = 0.17, 95% CI (0.08, 0.39), Z = 4.30, P < 0.001], the Constipation assessment scale score [WMD = -5.01, 95%CI (-6.33, -3.70), P < 0.001], the Bristol stool form scale score [WMD = 1.01, 95%CI (0.68, 1.35), P < 0.001]. ④ AAT can reduce the Patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire score [WMD = -1.18, 95%CI (-1.42, -0.93), P < 0.001].

Conclusion
AAT can alleviate the chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal reaction in breast cancer patients, including nausea, vomiting, belching, sour regurgitation, loss of appetite and constipation, improve quality of life.
Development and characterization of organically grafted clay minerals for the removal of methylene blue from water
Authors: Serikbayeva Aizhan M. , Roman Fernanda F. , Gomes Helder T. , Kalmakhanova Marzhan S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In recent years, water pollution caused by industrial waste has been a major problem throughout the world. To remove harmful impurities from water, using methylene blue (MB) as a model compound, modified clays were used, as they are capable of adsorbing various substances on their surfaces. The modified clays were obtained by grafting dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and triethanolamine (TEOA) in the space between the layers of Shymkent clay. DMSO was first added to the natural clay; TEOA was also added at a temperature of 180°C and then held at that temperature for 2 h. The resulting modified clays were dried at 60°C for 24 h and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analysis (SAA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA and TGA). Natural and modified clays (0.25–2.5 g L–1, pH=1–12, and 50°C) were used to adsorb MB from an aqueous solution at a concentration of 50 mg L–1. Contact with the adsorbent was maintained for 8 h. As much as 95.9% of the MB was removed from the aqueous solution in as little time as 15 min. Adsorption conditions were optimized, and the clay modified with TEAO showed better results than the natural clay (85% for modified clay vs 40% for original clay, at a clay concentration of 0.5 g L–1); significant adsorption was obtained over a wide pH range (>85% from pH 1 to 12).
Meta-models for transfer learning in source localization
Authors: Bull Lawrence A. , Jones Matthew R. , Cross Elizabeth J. , Duncan Andrew , Girolami Mark 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In practice, nondestructive testing (NDT) procedures tend to consider experiments (and their respective models) as distinct, conducted in isolation, and associated with independent data. In contrast, this work looks to capture the interdependencies between acoustic emission (AE) experiments (as meta-models) and then use the resulting functions to predict the model hyperparameters for previously unobserved systems. We utilize a Bayesian multilevel approach (similar to deep Gaussian Processes) where a higher-level meta-model captures the inter-task relationships. Our key contribution is how knowledge of the experimental campaign can be encoded between tasks as well as within tasks. We present an example of AE time-of-arrival mapping for source localization, to illustrate how multilevel models naturally lend themselves to representing aggregate systems in engineering. We constrain the meta-model based on domain knowledge, then use the inter-task functions for transfer learning, predicting hyperparameters for models of previously unobserved experiments (for a specific design).
Joining properties of automorphisms disjoint with all ergodic systems
Authors: BERK PRZEMYSŁAW , GÓRSKA MARTYNA , DE LA RUE THIERRY 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study the class

$\operatorname {Erg}^\perp $

of automorphisms which are disjoint with all ergodic systems. We prove that the identities are the only multipliers of

$\operatorname {Erg}^\perp ,$

that is, each automorphism whose every joining with an element of

$\operatorname {Erg}^{\perp }$

yields a system which is again an element of

$\operatorname {Erg}^{\perp }$

, must be an identity. Despite this fact, we show that

$\operatorname {Erg}^\perp $

is closed by taking Cartesian products. Finally, we prove that there are non-identity elements in

$\operatorname {Erg}^\perp $

whose self-joinings always yield elements in

$\operatorname {Erg}^\perp $

. This shows that there are non-trivial characteristic classes included in

$\operatorname {Erg}^\perp $

.
Informing eradication feasibility: ecological context and delimitation for boneseed (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera) in Western Australia
Authors: Batchelor Kathryn L. , Scott John K. , Webber Bruce L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe southern African shrub boneseed [Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (L.) Norl.] is a perennial shrub that is a significant threat to natural ecosystems and is listed as a Weed of National Significance in Australia. In Western Australia (WA) it has spread across peri-urban and natural environments. We assembled a single standardized database containing more than 2,050 presence records for individual plants and 135 absence records at a local population level. We further refined the populations into 89 sites that require different management trajectories due to topography and capacity of land managers to implement control. Forty-nine of these sites were in urban regions and 40 sites were in regional WA. We split these 89 sites into three near-term management goals: watch (12), extirpate (68), and contain (9). The 12 watch sites are those where all available evidence suggests that there have been no new inputs into the seedbank for 15 yr. The 68 sites marked for extirpation are those where delimitation is already achieved or easily achievable, where there have been minimal seed inputs into the soil seedbank in recent years due to consistent surveillance and control, and where surveys for new plants are likely to be efficient to conduct. Finally, for nine sites in urban regions around Perth, we recommend containment in the near term with a longer-term goal to achieve delimitation and extirpation. To achieve the objective of state-level eradication, a coordinated and sustained campaign involving three components—delimitation of all sites, prevention of further inputs into the soil seedbank, and systematic field surveys to remove plants—must commence without delay. While resourcing requirements for delimitation and overall program management are not possible to estimate, our prior experience suggests that it will take at least 1,900 h of on-ground surveying by experienced personnel to achieve extirpation of C. monilifera subsp. monilifera in WA.
Opportunities to synchronise and date archaeological and climate records in Northwest Africa using volcanic ash (tephra) layers
Authors: McLean Danielle , Horn Emma L. , Aguiar Simone , Barton Nick , Brown Richard , Carolin Stacy , Day Christopher , Kuhlmann Holger , Kutterolf Steffen , Mitsunaga Bryce , O'Mara Nicholas A. , Pacheco José M. , Pimentel Adriano , Ramalho Ricardo S. , Schindlbeck-Belo Julie Christin , Stoetzel Emmanuelle , Styring Amy , Uno Kevin T. , Vidyarthi Vaneshree , Xu Yunbei , Smith Victoria C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Archaeological sites in Northwest Africa are rich in human fossils and artefacts providing proxies for behavioural and evolutionary studies. However, these records are difficult to underpin on a precise chronology, which can prevent robust assessments of the drivers of cultural/behavioural transitions. Past investigations have revealed that numerous volcanic ash (tephra) layers are interbedded within the Palaeolithic sequences and likely originate from large volcanic eruptions in the North Atlantic (e.g. the Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde). Critically, these ash layers offer a unique opportunity to provide new relative and absolute dating constraints (via tephrochronology) to synchronise key archaeological and palaeoenvironmental records in this region. Here, we provide an overview of the known eruptive histories of the potential source volcanoes capable of widespread ashfall in the region during the last ~300,000 years, and discuss the diagnostic glass compositions essential for robust tephra correlations. To investigate the eruption source parameters and weather patterns required for ash dispersal towards NW Africa, we simulate plausible ashfall distributions using the Ash3D model. This work constitutes the first step in developing a more robust tephrostratigraphic framework for distal ash layers in NW Africa and highlights how tephrochronology may be used to reliably synchronise and date key climatic and cultural transitions during the Palaeolithic.
THE LABOUR MARKET IMPLICATIONS OF BREXIT: A BEVERIDGE CURVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Casey Bernard H. , Mayhew Ken 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
That Brexit disrupted the UK economy is widely agreed. Studies refer to its impact on exports and imports and on food prices. Less work has been done with respect to the impact on the labour market. This article concentrates on the relationship between vacancies and unemployment, which serves as an indicator of labour market tightness. Post-Brexit, the number of vacancies relative to the number of people unemployed increased dramatically. Analysis is based upon difference-in-difference methods. It suggests that by mid 2022 the UK’s V/U ratio might have been some 25% higher than it would have been without Brexit.
Repatriating An Edifying Past: The Diaspora Ukrainian Authoritarian Right and Power Over Memory, 1991–2021
Authors: Rudling Per A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe recent history of the Ukrainian authoritarian far right is one of paradoxes. If one looks at the polls, it has performed poorly; its modest successes have been regional and short-lived. On the other hand, it has been highly successful in terms of shaping memory politics in the country. It has had a disproportional influence on history writing, having invested significant efforts into building an effective structure in the field of memory management. Radical nationalists have also come to staff senior positions as deans and vice chancellors at Ukraine’s top universities, the ministry of education, the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory (UINP), and the archives of the Ukrainian Security Service (HDA SBU). The hard right has gained a disproportionate influence on “soft issues” of identity and the shaping of “national memory” – not only by running the governmental memory institutes, but also by hands-on drafting of memory laws outlawing “disrespect” for the OUN, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), and other historical far-right groups. This study seeks to trace and contextualize the repatriation of the ethnonationalist hard right from emigration and its role in shaping an infrastructure of memory production – in particular, under presidents Yushchenko (2005–2010) and Poroshenko (2014–2019).
New radiocarbon dates from the Bronze Age Tiszafüred-Majoroshalom site (Eastern Hungary)
Authors: Dani János , Horváth Anikó , Gémes Anett , Fülöp Kristóf , Szeniczey Tamás , Tarbay János Gábor , Vicze Magdolna , McCall Ashley , Futó István , Szigeti Anna , Molnár Mihály , Novak Mario , Fischl Klára P , Kulcsár Gabriella , Szabó Géza , Mester Edit , Palcsu László , Kiss Viktória , Major István , Hajdu Tamás 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper we present new AMS radiocarbon dates from the Bronze Age cemetery of Tiszafüred-Majoroshalom excavated between 1961 and 1972. The cemetery provides crucial information on the cultural development and chronology of the Bronze Age Otomani-Füzesabony and the Tumulus cultures of Eastern Central Europe, in addition to the transition between the Middle and Late Bronze Age (approx. 1500 BC) in the Great Hungarian Plain.
Patterns of Nabilone Prescriptions in Canadian Long-Term Care Facilities
Authors: Winters Emily M. , Gordon Jennifer L. , Hadjistavropoulos Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to understand the prevalence and patterns of cannabinoid use among LTC residents across Canada. We gathered data on cannabinoid prescriptions among LTC residents for one year before and after recreational cannabis legalization. Multi-level modelling was used to examine the effects of demographic and diagnostic characteristics on rates of cannabinoid prescription over time. All prescriptions were for nabilone. There was a significant increase in the proportion of residents prescribed nabilone following the legalization of recreational cannabis in Canada. Residents with relatively more severe pain (based on the Minimum Data Set pain scale), a diagnosis of depression, or a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder were more likely to have received a nabilone prescription. Our results provide valuable information regarding the increasing use of synthetic cannabinoids in LTC. The implications for clinical practice and policy decision-makers are discussed.
The Islamic countryside and food supplies to the Levantine crusader cities in the first half of the twelfth century
Authors: Radwan Khaled Abdel Badea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
After the Franks settled in the Levant, they sought a permanent logistic alternative to provide them with food. The first half of the twelfth century was the most significant challenge for the Franks when they sought to contribute to agricultural work in the Levant and participate in its economic system. Therefore, they were bound to deal with two natural and indispensable parallel aspects: First, entering into relations with the neighbouring Islamic environment and handling the positive or negative implications and second establishing settlement bases in this environment. This paper delves into Arab sources and rereads European narratives, trying to highlight the role of the Islamic countryside in providing a share of the food supplies of the Crusader cities, a matter that scholars have not addressed properly yet
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Providing First Aid by Commercial Motorcyclists: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ufashingabire Minani Christine , Soh Kim Lam , Abdul Manaf Rosliza , KC Mani Kulanthayan , Twagirumugabe Theogene 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroduction:The mortality and morbidity due to road traffic crashes (RTCs) are increasing drastically world-wide. Poor prehospital care management contributes to dismal patient outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and self-reported practice (KAP) of providing first aid for RTC victims by commercial motorcyclists. In addition, it determined the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and the level of KAP, then the predicting factors of outcome variables.Methods:A cross-sectional study of 200 randomly selected commercial motorcyclists was conducted in May 2021. A chi-square test and multivariate analysis were used to analyze data.Results:The findings showed that most participants had a poor knowledge level (87.5 %), positive attitudes (74.5%), and poor self-reported practice (51.5%). Previous first-aid training and knowing an emergency call number for the police were predictors of good knowledge (AOR = 3.7064; 95% CI, 1.379-9.956 and AOR = 6.132; 95% CI,1.735-21.669, respectively). Previous first-aid training was also a predictor of positive attitudes (AOR = 3.087; 95% CI, 1.033-9.225). Moreover, the likelihood of having an excellent self-reported practice was less among participants under 40 years of age (AOR = 0.404; 95% CI, 0.182-0.897) and those who cared for up to five victims (AOR = 0.523; 95% CI, 0.282-0.969). Contrary, previous first-aid training (AOR = 2.410; 95% CI, 1.056-5.499) and educational level from high school and above increased the odds of having good self-reported practice (AOR = 2.533; 95% CI, 1.260-5.092).Conclusion:Considering the study findings, training should be provided to improve the knowledge and skills of commercial motorcyclists since they are among the primary road users in Rwanda and involved in RTCs.
Comparing the predictive validity of four MCI definitions for incident dementia in demographically diverse community-dwelling individuals: Results from the Einstein Aging Study (EAS)
Authors: Chang Katherine H. , Wang Cuiling , Qin Jiyue , Katz Mindy J. , Byrd Desiree A. , Lipton Richard B. , Rabin Laura A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Research examining (MCI) criteria in diverse and/or health-disparate populations is limited. There is a critical need to investigate the predictive validity for incident dementia of widely used MCI definitions in diverse populations.

Method:
Eligible participants were non-Hispanic White or Black Bronx community residents, free of dementia at enrollment, with at least one annual follow-up visit after baseline. Participants completed annual neurological and neuropsychological evaluations to determine cognitive status. Dementia was defined based on DSM-IV criteria using case conferences. Cox proportional hazard models assessed predictive validity for incident dementia of four specific MCI definitions (Petersen, Jak/Bondi, number of impaired tests, Global Clinical Ratings) at baseline, controlling for age, sex, education, and race/ethnicity. Time-dependent sensitivity and specificity at 2–7 years for each definition, and Youden’s index were calculated as accuracy measures.

Results:
Participants (N = 1073) ranged in age from 70 to 100 (mean = 78.4 ± 5.3) years at baseline. The sample was 62.5% female, and educational achievement averaged 13.9 ± 3.5 years. Most participants identified as White (70.0%), though Black participants were well-represented (30.0%). In general, MCI definitions differed in sensitivity and specificity for incident dementia. However, there were no significant differences in Youden’s index for any definition, across all years of follow-up.

Conclusions:
This work provides an important step toward improving the generalizability of the MCI diagnosis to underrepresented/health-disparate populations. While our findings suggest the studied MCI classifications are comparable, researchers and clinicians may choose to consider one method over another depending on the rationale for evaluation or question of interest.