bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model Pembelajaran Kurikulum 2013 Dalam Materi Ipa Kelas 6 Mi Miftahun Najah Desa Tenonan Kecamatan Manding
Authors: Hikmawati Nisrina 
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pembelajaran yang digunakan di kelas 6 MI Miftahun Najah Desa Tenonan Kecamatan Manding yang telah menerapkan kurikulum 2013. Metode Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan Direct Observation saat pembelajaran dan wawancara dengan guru untuk mendapatkan data lebih mendalam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan tahap-tahap pelaksanaan model pembelajaran oleh guru di kelas, kemudian dianalisa kesesuaiannya dengan tuntutan pembelajaran dalam kurikulum 2013 yang ditetapkan pemerintah. Hasilnya yaitu, guru menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif (Cooperatif Learning) di kelas 6 MI Miftahun Najah. Dalam prosesnya terlaksana dengan baik berdasarkan indikator-indikator yang dirumuskan oleh peneliti. Indikator tersebut diturunkan dari karakteristik pembelajaran Kooperatif (Cooperatif Learning), dan secara umum proses pembelajaran di kelas telah sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dalam kurikulum 2013.
Pengaruh Pakan Buatan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Benih Clarias gariepinus di Kelompok Budidaya Ikan Manunggal Jaya
Authors: Nugraha Eulis Henda 
Published: March 2021

Makanan mempunyai peranan sangat penting bagi makhluk hidup sebagai sumber energi untuk pemeliharaan tubuh, pertumbuhan, dan berkembangbiak. Di negara-negara yang usaha budidaya perikanannya telah maju, makanan tidak hanya digunakan sebagai sumber energi saja tetapi dimanfaatkan juga untuk tujuan tertentu, salah satunya sebagai sumber untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan pada ikan hias dengan menambahkan berbagai bahan tambahan yang dibutuhkan oleh ikan kedalam pakannya. Dalam memilih bahan untuk pakan ikan perlu dipertimbangkan kandungan nutrisi pakan, untuk dapat tumbuh dengan baik dan berkembangbiak ikan memerlukan bahan-bahan berupa protein, lemak, karbohidrat, vitamin, mineral dan air.Protein pada pakan ikan diperlukan sebagai sumber utama untuk pertumbuhan, pemeliharaan dan pengganti sel-sel yang rusak. Dalam kebutuhan protein harus memperhatikan jenis dan umur ikan. Ikan berusia muda membutuhkan protein lebih banyak sebab berada pada fase pertumbuhan. Dalam penelitian ini bahan pakan yang digunakan adalah teung keong mas, dedak, Progol dan tepung tapioka dengan komposisi dalam setiap perlakuan berbeda-beda. Sehingga hal yang mendasari dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan buatan dengan komposisi tepung keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata), dedak, progol, dan tepung tapioka terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan lele sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) di Kelompok Budidaya Ikan Manunggal Jaya Desa Panunggul Kecamatan Gegesik Kabupaten Cirebon.
Biblical Veganism: An Examination of 1 Timothy 4:1–8
Authors: Newall Marcello 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
1 Timothy 4:1–8 is often used as a proof text against veganism; this is especially true among certain fundamentalist Christian groups and conspiracy theorists. This article argues that a closer look at its linguistic, historical, and theological context reveals that Paul is in reality seeking to uphold the goodness of creation, as described in the first chapters of Genesis, against the dualistic proto-Gnostic creation story that saw the material world as evil. In this sense, 1 Timothy 4:1–8 appears to be a point-by-point rebuttal of the proto-Gnostic view of creation, which is contrasted with the account in Genesis. In particular, the apostle is denouncing a harsh asceticism, and food restriction/deprivation, described as “bodily exercise,” which by severely mortifying the body sought deliverance from the material world. The article goes on to analyze ancient forms of asceticism as well as dietary patterns in the ancient Mediterranean in order to show how contemporary veganism differs sharply from the kind of mortification that is being condemned. 1 Timothy 4:1–8 highlights how food, generally understood, and creation should be received with thanksgiving as they are both gifts from God, which were pronounced good. Furthermore, 1 Timothy underlines that true Christian holiness does not consist in the harsh mortification of the body but in an inner holiness based on love and faith in the incarnation, death, and resurrection of Christ. Ultimately, veganism, far from being anti-Christian, as God’s original ideal, can be seen as a sign of hope pointing to the coming of the Kingdom of God and the restoration of creation beyond all violence, suffering, and death.
Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical scarab beetle genus Cerhomalus Quedenfeldt, 1884 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae)
Authors: Frolov Andrey V. , Akhmetova Lilia A. 
Published: March 2021

The Afrotropical scarab beetle genus Cerhomalus Quedenfeldt, 1884 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is revised. Two new species are described: C. quedenfeldti sp. nov. and C. petrovitzi sp. nov. A new combination, Cerhomalus absconditus (Petrovitz, 1971) comb. nov., is established. The genus occurs in Central and West Africa with the majority of records from the Congo Basin. Keys, descriptions, illustrations of habitus and male genitalia, and distributional record map are given
Constructivist Teachers Beliefs, Instructional Practices and Students’ Mathematics Performance
Authors: Balanlay Mary Cris Danes 
Published: March 2021

This study determined the role of teachers’ constructivist beliefs in the teaching and learning mathematics and the use of instructional practices in the mathematics performance of Grade 7 secondary students in the Pacific Towns of Northern Samar for the school year 2016-2017. This study utilized the descriptive-correlational research design.
The demographic profile of teachers in mathematics such as constructivist beliefs, constructivist instructional practices and performance of students was described as it exists at the present time. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the beliefs in mathematics and students’ mathematics performance. Similarly, statistical analysis was used to determine the relationship between instructional practices and mathematics performance of the students.
The findings showed that more than 50% of the mathematics’ teachers are aged less than 30 suggesting that most of the teachers are neophyte in the teaching career. As to educational attainment, most of the respondents are enrolled in master’s program. Only one-third have already completed master’s degree. In terms of relevant trainings, almost a half of the respondents have attended one to two trainings.
Most of the teachers believe that teaching should involve real world connections. Teachers believe that they should create real-world environments that employ the context in which learning is relevant. Beliefs about emphasizing prior knowledge were also manifested by the teacher-respondents. Highly demonstrated beliefs include encouraging the use of multiple modes of representation to facilitate easy understanding and recall and the learner's previous knowledge constructions, beliefs and attitudes are considered in the knowledge construction process. In terms of social interaction beliefs, teachers manifested support for collaborative construction of knowledge through social negotiation.
Result of the test conducted in mathematics by the researcher showed that more than half of the students got fair performance. Only one performed satisfactorily. Beliefs about emphasizing prior knowledge and beliefs in social interaction significantly predicted mathematics performance of students. Real world connection did not significantly predict mathematics performance.
Respondents’ constructivist instructional practices did not offer a significant role in developing the mathematics ability of the students. Teachers did not play an active role in assimilating knowledge into students’ existing mental framework and reconstructing new knowledge.
Air Quality Assessment of Port Harcourt Urban Slums and Health Implications
Authors: Stanley H. O. , Amesi M. E. 
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted to assess the outdoor air quality of some urban slums in Port Harcourt. Six sampling sites were selected, from the Port Harcourt urban slums; two sites from each slum represented with a suffix 1 or 2. The slums are designated Marine base (#1 and #2), RSU BG, Obudu 2, Bundu (#1 and #2). The air quality was analyzed using portable handheld air quality analyzer and the microbiological parameters were determined by standard cultural method. The study revealed that the sampled sites were laden with bacterial and fungal species. namely; Klebsiella sp., Micrococcus sp., Escherichia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Baccilus sp., Aeromonas sp., Streptococus sp., Serratia sp., Aerococcus sp., Proteus sp. Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Candida sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp. and Tricorderma sp. Highest obtained noise level was at Marine base 1 which was 66 db, highest relative humidity of 54.8% at RSU BG, CO2 (ppm) values of 4.8, 80, 796, 850, 638, 698 for Marine base 2, Marine base 1, Obudu 2, RSU BG, Bundu 1 and Bundu 2 respectively. The values for NO2 (ppm) was (0.05, 0.053, 0.071, 0.022, 0.035, 0.023), suspended particulate matter (ppm) was (7.1, 8.7, 9.5, 9.5, 6.2, 6.2), SO2 (ppm) was (0.42, 0.15, 0.50, 0.34, 1.26, 0.41) CO (ppm) was (4.8, 1.7, 2.2, 3.0, 3.9, 3.6) and volatile organic compound (ppm) was (1.0, 1.1, 0.9, 75 and 1.2). This study has shown that Port Harcourt urban slums are experiencing some degree of contamination not acceptable for healthy living that requires attention to curb. These areas require all-round improvement in sanitation. M Give one sentence on methodology.
A Durable and Efficient Electrocatalyst for Saline Water Splitting with Current Density Exceeding 2000 mA cm−2
Authors: Yang Fengning , Luo Yuting , Yu Qiangmin , Zhang Zhiyuan , Zhang Shuo , Liu Zhibo , Ren Wencai , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Li Jiong , Liu Bilu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWater electrolysis is promising for industrial hydrogen production to achieve a sustainable and green hydrogen economy, but the high cost of the technology limits its market share. Developing efficient yet economic electrocatalysts is crucial to decrease the cost of electricity and electrolytic cell. Meanwhile, electrolysis in seawater electrolyte can further reduce feedstock cost. Here, a type of electrocatalyst is synthesized, where trace precious metals are strongly anchored on a corrosion‐resistive matrix. As an example, the produced Pt/Ni‐Mo electrocatalyst only needs an overpotential of 113 mV to reach an ultrahigh current density of 2000 mA cm−2 in the saline‐alkaline electrolyte, demonstrating the best performance reported thus far. It shows high activity and long durability in various electrolytes and under harsh conditions, including strong alkaline and simulated seawater electrolytes, and under elevated temperatures up to 80 °C. This electrocatalyst is produced on a large scale at a low cost and shows good performance in a commercial membrane electrode assembly stack, demonstrating its feasibility for practical water electrolysis.
Controllable Approach to Carbon‐Deficient and Oxygen‐Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Robust Photocatalyst Against Recalcitrant Organic Pollutants and the Mechanism Insight
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Meng Jiaqi , Zhang Xueyan , Liu Yunqing , Ren Miao , Yang Yuxin , Guo Yihang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPolymeric g‐C3N4 is a promising visible‐light‐responsive photocatalyst; however, the fast recombination of charge carriers and moderate oxidation ability remarkably restrict its photocatalytic oxidation efficiency towards organic pollutants. To overcome these drawbacks, a self‐modification strategy of one‐step formaldehyde‐assisted thermal polycondensation of molten urea to prepare carbon‐deficient and oxygen‐doped g‐C3N4 (VC‐OCN) is developed, and the carbon vacancy concentration is well‐controlled by changing formaldehyde dosage. The VC‐OCN catalysts exhibit interesting carbon vacancy concentration‐dependent photocatalytic removal efficiency to p‐nitrophenol (PNP) and atrazine (ATN), in which VC‐OCN15 with appropriate carbon vacancy concentration displays significantly higher pollutant removal efficiency than bulk g‐C3N4. The apparent first‐order rate constant of VC‐OCN15 for PNP and ATN removal is 4.4 and 5.2 times higher than that of bulk g‐C3N4. A combination of the experimental results and theoretic calculations confirm that the synergetic effect of carbon vacancies and oxygen doping sites can not only delay the recombination of charge carriers but also facilitate adsorption of oxygen molecules on the carbon vacancies, which leads to the generation of plentiful active oxygen species including not only superoxide anion radicals but also indirectly formed hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen. These active oxygen species play a dominant role in the removal of target pollutants.
Reverse‐Engineering Strain in Nanocrystallites by Tracking Trimerons
Authors: Nickel Rachel , Chi C.‐C. , Ranjan Ashok , Ouyang Chuenhou , Freeland John W. , van Lierop Johan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough strain underpins the behavior of many transition‐oxide‐based magnetic nanomaterials, it is elusive to quantify. Since the formation of orbital molecules is sensitive to strain, a metal–insulator transition should be a window into nanocrystallite strain. Using three sizes of differently strained Fe3O4 polycrystalline nanorods, the impact of strain on the Verwey transition and the associated formation and dissolution processes of quasiparticle trimerons is tracked. In 40 and 50 nm long nanorods, increasing isotropic strain results in Verwey transitions going from TV ≈ 60 K to 20 K. By contrast, 700 nm long nanorods with uniaxial strain along the (110) direction have TV ≈ 150 K—the highest value reported thus far. A metal–insulator transition, like TV in Fe3O4, can be used to determine the effective strain within nanocrystallites, thus providing new insights into nanoparticle properties and nanomagnetism.
The evaluation and management of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance and monoclonal gammopathy of neurological significance
Authors: Castillo Jorge J. , Callander Natalie S. , Baljevic Muhamed , Sborov Douglas W. , Kumar Shaji 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite the benign nature of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), mounting data are associating MGUS with the development of organ dysfunction, specifically monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) and monoclonal gammopathy of neurological significance (MGNS), which could be associated with substantial morbidity. Emerging evidence suggests that patients with MGRS and MGNS could benefit from treatments used for myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, depending on the underlying pathology. However, the treatment of MGRS and MGNS is not standardized, and potentially effective therapies might not be reimbursed because these conditions do not formally meet the criteria for malignant processes. The present review aims at establishing standards for the evaluation and management of MGRS and MGNS, which can facilitate the diagnosis of and provide therapeutic options for treating practitioners and patients affected by these conditions. The careful design and execution of clinical trials for patients with MGRS and MGNS are positively encouraged.
Capillary Microfluidics for Monitoring Medication Adherence
Authors: Delamarche Emmanuel , Temiz Yuksel , Lovchik Robert D. , Christiansen Michael G. , Schuerle Simone 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMedication adherence is a medical and societal issue worldwide, with approximately half of patients failing to adhere to prescribed treatments. The goal of this Minireview is to examine how recent work on microfluidics for point‐of‐care diagnostics may be used to enhance adherence to medication. It specifically focuses on capillary microfluidics since these devices are self‐powered, easy to use, and well established for diagnostics and drug monitoring. Considering that an improvement in medication adherence can have a much larger effect than the development of new medical treatments, it is long overdue for the research communities working in chemistry, biology, pharmacology, and material sciences to consider developing technologies to enhance medication adherence. For these reasons, this Minireview is not meant to be exhaustive but rather to provide a quick starting point for researchers interested in joining this complex but intriguing and exciting field of research.
Reversible Supra‐Folding of User‐Programmed Functional DNA Nanostructures on Fuzzy Cationic Substrates
Authors: Nakazawa Koyomi , El Fakih Farah , Jallet Vincent , Rossi‐Gendron Caroline , Mariconti Marina , Chocron Léa , Hishida Mafumi , Saito Kazuya , Morel Mathieu , Rudiuk Sergii , Baigl Damien 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe report that user‐defined DNA nanostructures, such as two‐dimensional (2D) origamis and nanogrids, undergo a rapid higher‐order folding transition, referred to as supra‐folding, into three‐dimensional (3D) compact structures (origamis) or well‐defined μm‐long ribbons (nanogrids), when they adsorb on a soft cationic substrate prepared by layer‐by‐layer deposition of polyelectrolytes. Once supra‐folded, origamis can be switched back on the surface into their 2D original shape through addition of heparin, a highly charged anionic polyelectrolyte known as an efficient competitor of DNA‐polyelectrolyte complexation. Orthogonal to DNA base‐pairing principles, this reversible structural reconfiguration is also versatile; we show in particular that 1) it is compatible with various origami shapes, 2) it perfectly preserves fine structural details as well as site‐specific functionality, and 3) it can be applied to dynamically address the spatial distribution of origami‐tethered proteins.
Recent Advances in Polymeric Nanoparticles for Enhanced Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Imaging
Authors: Ong Sing Yee , Zhang Changyu , Dong Xiao , Yao Shao Q. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn recent years, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have become increasingly popular for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging because of their excellent versatility and exceptional optical properties. Following a brief introduction on fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging, as well as the merits of using polymeric NPs over other types of fluorescent probes, this Minireview gives a concise summary of key advances made in recent years (2017–2020) in the use of polymeric NPs for fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging. A particular focus is placed on various strategies used for enhanced bioimaging applications, including polymeric NPs that encapsulate near‐infrared dyes, aggregation‐induced‐emission fluorogens, cationic dyes doped with bulky hydrophobic counterions, and semiconducting polymers. Next, the current limitations in some of these polymeric NP systems are summarized and potential solutions offered to overcome them. Finally, some critical considerations in regard to the design of polymeric NPs are given for future bioimaging and sensing applications.
Facile Synthesis of Two‐Dimensional Iron/Cobalt Metal–Organic Framework for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis
Authors: Ge Kai , Sun Shujuan , Zhao Yi , Yang Kai , Wang Shuang , Zhang Zhiheng , Cao Jiayu , Yang Yongfang , Zhang Yue , Pan Mingwang , Zhu Lei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA facile synthesis is reported of two‐dimensional (2D) bimetallic (Fe/Co=1:2) metal–organic frameworks (MOF, ca. 2.2 nm thick) via simple stirring of the reaction mixture of Fe/Co salts and 1,4‐benzene dicarboxylic acid (1,4‐BDC) in the presence of triethylamine and water at room temperature. The mechanism of the 2D, rather than bulk, MOF was revealed by studying the role of each component in the reaction mixture. It was found that these 2D MOF‐Fe/Co(1:2) exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under basic conditions. The electrocatalytic mechanism was disclosed via both experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The 2D morphology and co‐doping of Fe/Co contributed to the superior OER performance of the 2D MOF‐Fe/Co(1:2). The simple and efficient synthetic method is suitable for the mass production and future commercialization of functional 2D MOF with low cost and high yield.
A Two‐Electron Silver Superatom Isolated from Thermally Induced Internal Redox Reaction of A Silver(I) Hydride
Authors: Zhong Yu‐Jie , Liao Jian‐Hong , Chiu Tzu‐Hao , Kahlal Samia , Lin Che‐Jen , Saillard Jean‐Yves , Liu C. W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRational syntheses under controllable reducing conditions in the preparation of superatoms with cluster electron number not exceeding two are challenging. Herein a dithiolate‐stabilized two‐electron silver nanocluster, Ag10{S2P(OiPr)2}8 (1), is isolated via a self‐redox reaction of Ag7(H){S2P(OiPr)2}6 without adding extra reducing agents. The metal framework of Ag7, a bicapped trigonal bipyramid, is highly correlated to that of Ag10, suggesting Ag7(H){S2P(OiPr)2}6 acts as both reducing agent and template in cluster growth. 1 is highly fluorescent at ambient temperature and TD‐DFT calculations indicate that the emission is of 1Px→1S nature.
Aging process of polyamidoamine dendrimers: Effect of pH and shaking in the fluorescence emission and aggregation‐state
Authors: Igartúa Daniela E. , Ybarra David E. , Cabezas Darío M. , Alonso Silvia del V. , Alvira Fernando C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the last years, it has been discovered and intensely studied the non‐traditional intrinsic luminescence of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. Nevertheless, their aging process in aqueous suspension is scarcely studied, being unknown the causes of the changes in their luminescence properties. Hence, this work aims to characterize the amine‐terminated (DG4.0) and carboxylic acid‐terminated (DG4.5) PAMAM dendrimers of generations 4.0 and 4.5, respectively, through the aging process at three different pH conditions, stored with or without shaking. The UV–Vis absorption, the fluorescence emission, and the dendrimer‐size distribution are studied for up to 16 days. In a different way than the already published works, this work demonstrates that there is no chemical change in dendrimers through the aging process, even though changes in fluorescence emission are observed. Besides, the changes in the agglomeration patterns of dendrimers are not related to the change in the fluorescence emission through aging. Moreover, large aggregates of DG4.5 are present in water and need to be disrupted by shaking before an in vivo administration.
Resin‐silica composite nanoparticle grafted polyethylene membranes for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Gu Qian‐Qian , Fu Cui‐Liu , Sun Zhao‐Yan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo avoid the peeling‐off of ceramic nanoparticles (NPs) from polyolefin membranes usually occurred in commercially available ceramic NPs coated polyolefin separators for lithium batteries, we propose a simple one‐pot in‐situ reaction method to modify commercial polyethylene (PE) separators by surface grafting 3‐Aminophenol/formaldehyde (AF)/silica (SiO2) composite NPs. The AF/SiO2 composite NPs form self‐supporting connected pores on the modified layer of the separator surface, which ensures the transportation of Li+. Moreover, the PE@AF/SiO2 separators has higher electrolyte wettability and compatibility than neat PE separators attributed to the plentiful polar functional groups in the AF/SiO2 layer and AF/SiO2 composite NPs, resulting in higher lithium ion transference number (= 0.62) and ionic conductivity (σ = 0.722 mS cm−1). More importantly, the discharge capacity, capacity retention rate and coulombic efficiency (136.2 mA h g−1, 87.9% and 99%, respectively) after 200 cycles of Li|NMC half batteries with PE@AF/SiO2 separators, are all more excellent than that with the pure PE separator (125 mA h g−1, 83.1% and 85%, respectively). Our results show that the PE@AF/SiO2 separators obtained by this modification method have higher electrochemical stability in the lithium battery system.