bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycosylated Hemoglobin levels and the Risk for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary arteriography/Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Zhang hong , Fu han , Zhang jing , Zhang peng , Yang shicheng , Fu xiaofeng , Zeng zhican , fu naikuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing Coronary arteriography (CAG)/percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the gold standard to measure blood glucose control, which has important clinical significance for evaluating blood glucose control in diabetic patients in the past 3 months. This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative hemoglobin a1c levels in diabetic patients who received CAG/PCI had an impact on the occurrence of postoperative CIN.Methods: We reviewed the incidence of preoperative HbA1c and postoperative CIN in 670 patients with CAG/PCI from January 1, 2020 to October 30, 2020, and divided the preoperative HbA1c levels into 5 groups. Blood samples were collected at admission, 48h and 72h after operation to measure the Scr value of patients. Categorical variables were compared using a chi-square test, and continuous variables were compared using an analysis of variance. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the percentages when the expected frequency was less than 5. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to exclude the influence of confounding factors and P for trend was used to analyze the trend between HbA1c levels and the increased risk of CIN. Results: Patients with elevated HbA1c had higher BMI, FBG and LDL-C, and they were more often on therapy with hypoglycemic agents, Insulin and PCI. They also had higher basal, 24h and 48h Scr. (Table 1) The incidence of CIN in the 5 groups of patients were: 9.8%, 11.9%, 15.2%, 25.3%, 48.1%. (p<0.0001) The multivariate analysis confirmed that in the main high-risk subgroup, patients with elevated HbA1C levels (≥8.8%) had a higher risk of CIN disease. (Figure 2) Trend test showed the change of HR (1.000,1.248,1.553,2.625,5.829). (Table 2)Conclusions: Studies have shown that in diabetic patients undergoing CAG/PCI, elevated HbA1C is independently associated with the risk of CIN, and with the increase of HbA1C level, the incidence of CIN gradually increases.
Necessity for subsequent surgery in women of child-bearing age with positive margins after cold knife conization: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Xinmei , Xu Juan , Gao Yang , Qu Pengpeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Risk factors for positive margins and residual lesions after cold knife conization (CKC) for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) were assessed in women of child-bearing age. A design for postoperative management and avoiding these situations is offered.Methods: This was a retrospective study on 1,309 premenopausal women with high-grade CIN (including CIN3 and CIN2) based on a cervical biopsy under colposcopy used to diagnose a positive or negative margin. Age, gravidity, parity, HPV species, cytology, transformation zone type, results of endocervical curettage (ECC), quadrant involvement, glandular involvement, and CIN grade were analyzed. Among those with positive margins, 245 underwent surgery within three months, including CKC, a loop electrosurgical excision procedure, and total hysterectomy. Residual lesions were also assessed.Results: There was no significant difference in age, gravidity, parity, glandular involvement, and CIN grade between the two groups (P>0.3). There was a significant difference in HPV species, cytology, ECC results, and quadrant involvement (P<0.002). Multivariate analysis showed a major cytology abnormality, high-risk HPV infection, type III transformation zone, positive ECC result, and multiple quadrant involvement were independent risk factors for positive margins and residual lesions (P<0.02). Age >35 years was also a risk factor (P<0.03).Conclusion: High-risk women should be treated appropriately considering fertility. Patients with positive margins should be managed uniquely. Surgery for women without fertility may be appropriate. Close follow-up is necessary for women who have fertility requirements or are unwilling to undergo subsequent surgery if they have no risk factors, especially for women <35 years.
Lysine-selective molecular tweezers are cell-penetrant and concentrate in lysosomes
Authors: Li Zizheng , Siddique Ibrar , Hadrović Inesa , Li Jiwen , Zhang Ye , Klärner Frank-Gerrit , Schrader Thomas , Bitan Gal 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Lysine-selective molecular tweezers are promising drug candidates against proteinopathies and viral infection. Despite demonstration of their efficacy in multiple cellular and animal models, important questions regarding their mechanism of action, including cell penetrance and intracellular distribution, have not been answered to date. The main impediment to answering these questions has been the low intrinsic fluorescence of the main compound tested to date, called CLR01. Here, we address these questions using new fluorescently labeled molecular tweezers derivatives. We show that these compounds are internalized in neurons and astrocytes, at least partially through dynamin-dependent endocytosis. In addition, we demonstrate that the molecular tweezers concentrate rapidly in acidic compartments, primarily lysosomes. Accumulation of molecular tweezers in lysosomes may occur both through the endosomal-lysosomal pathway and via the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Moreover, by visualizing colocalization of molecular tweezers, lysosomes, and tau aggregates we show that lysosomes likely are the main site for the intracellular anti-amyloid activity of molecular tweezers. These findings have important implications for the mechanism of action of molecular tweezers in vivo, explaining how administration of low doses of the compounds achieves high effective concentrations where they are needed, and supporting the development of these compounds as drugs for currently cureless proteinopathies.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins in the Serum of Minority Children With Epilepsy by iTRAQ-coupled LC-MS/MS and Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Liu Youjiang , Li Zhuoxian , Tang Zixi , Gong Wenhao , Chen Shasha , Qin Yaozhen , Ai Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to screen differentially expressed proteins between minority children with epilepsy and healthy subjects using the iTRAQ8plex proteomics technique. The screening results were further used to identify specific signalling pathways and potential protein molecular markers of epilepsy in the Guangxi minority population. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 17 epileptic children (experimental group) and 9 healthy children (control group) from ethnic minority groups. Quantitative proteomics with iTRAQ8plex markers was used to detect differentially expressed proteins between the two groups. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Gene and Genomic Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to conduct functional annotation, functional enrichment analysis and clustering analysis based on functional enrichment. RESULTS: Compared to healthy subjects, a total of 113 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the serum of minority children with epilepsy (including 29 upregulated proteins and 74 downregulated proteins). The results of GO enrichment showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in biological processes, such as immune system processes and acute phase reactions, and in cellular components, such as actin filaments and the immunoglobulin complex. The KEGG analysis results showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in dilated cardiomyopathy and insulin secretion. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that the key node proteins were serum α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), platelet activating factor (PAF), actin, and serum albumin (ALB). CONCLUSION: iTRAQ8plex proteomics technology was able to identify the differential protein expression profiles of minority children with epilepsy and showed significant enrichment in various biological activities. TAGLN2, FGB and IGHA1 may be representative proteins associated with the ethnicity-specific characteristics of Zhuang and Yao people with epilepsy.
Predictive Nomogram of the in-Hospital Mortality of Patients with Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Tien Yu-Tzu , Chen Wen-Jone , Huang Chien-Hua , Chen Wei-Ting , Hung Chi-Sheng , Lin Jr-Jiun , Huang Ching-Chang , Chang Wei-Tien , Tsai Min-Shan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDespite advances in treatment, the mortality rates of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) remain high. The aim of this study was to develop a risk-predictive model for in-hospital mortality in patients admitted to the cardiac care unit (CCU) because of CS. Methods This retrospective study enrolled 509 adult patients who received inotropic support at the emergency room with subsequent admission to the CCU from January 2017 to December 2019. Patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, inotrope use for conduction disorders, and non-CS were excluded. A total of 246 patients were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. ResultsA history of coronary artery disease (OR 3.44), multiple inotropic use (OR 17.70), ejection fraction less than 40% (OR 0.27), longer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) duration (OR 1.11), albumin infusion (OR 4.66), and renal replacement therapy (OR 3.08) were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. These factors were used to develop a risk-predictive nomogram. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn using scores from 0 to 198.5 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.92), and the cut-off score of 65 was identified. The model accurately predicted mortality (AUC = 0.81) in a validation set of 68 patients, with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 74%. Conclusion Factors were used to develop a highly accurate risk-predictive nomogram for the in-hospital mortality of patients with CS, which may aid physicians in making prognoses.
The Efficacy of Albumin with Diuretics in the Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Hypoalbuminemia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Itagaki Yuki , Yoshida Naofumi , Banno Masahiro , Momosaki Ryo , Yamada Kohei , Hayakawa Mineji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Hypoalbuminemia is associated with fluid overload, the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and mortality. Co-administration of albumin and diuretics for treatment of patients with hypoalbuminemia is expected to increase urinary output, without hemodynamic instability, and improve pulmonary function; however, these effects have not been systematically investigated. Here, we aimed to clarify the benefits of co-administration of albumin and diuretics for mechanically ventilated patients.MethodsWe searched for randomized, placebo-controlled trials that investigated the effects of co-administration of albumin and diuretics compared with placebo and diuretics, in mechanically ventilated patients with hypoalbuminemia. We searched these trials via the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE via PubMed and EMBASE. Primary outcomes were hypotensive events after intervention, all-cause mortality, and the length of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were improvement in the ratio of partial pressure arterial oxygen and fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F ratio) at 24 h, total urine output (mL/d), and the clinical requirement of renal replacement therapy (RRT).ResultsAmong 1574 records identified, we included three studies for quantitative analysis. The results of albumin administration were as follows: hypotensive events [risk ratio (RR) -1.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15 to 0.81], all-cause mortality [RR 1.0 (95% CI: 0.45 to 2.23], the length of mechanical ventilation in days [mean difference (MD) -1.05 (95% CI: -3.35 to 1.26)], improvement of P/F ratio [RR 2.83 (95% CI: 1.42 to 5.67)]. None of the randomized controlled trials reported the total urine output, whereas one reported that no participants required RRT. Adverse events were not reported during the trials. The certainty of evidence was low (in the hypotensive events after intervention, all-cause mortality) to moderate (in the length of mechanical ventilation in days, improvement of P/F ratio, clinical requirement of RRT, and adverse events).ConclusionsAlthough this treatment combination reduced the number of days for which mechanical ventilation was required, it did not reduce the all-cause mortality at 30 days. Taken together, co-administration of albumin and diuretics may reduce hypotensive events and improve the P/F ratio at 24 h.
Ophthalmic Emergency-Room Visits During The COVID-19 Pandemic – A Comparative Study
Authors: Yehezkeli Veronika , Rotenstreich Ygal , Haim Liron Naftali Ben , Sher Ifat , Achiron Asaf , Belkin Avner 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To compare ophthalmic emergency room (OER) visits during the COVID-19 pandemic to those during a control period.Methods: We compared all visits to the OER from March 15th to April 15th, 2020, during the Covid-19 pandemic and government mandated quarantine, to the same period in 2019. Factors analyzed were patient demographics, chief complaints, referral patterns, exam findings, treatments given, hospitalizations and surgical interventions.Results: We included in this study 1311 visits of 1158 patients, 477 during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and 834 during the same period in 2019. The demographic distribution (age, gender, and ethnicity) was similar between the two periods. LogMAR visual acuity at presentation was worse during the COVID-19 pandemic (0.42±0.6 and 0.34±0.5 in 2020 and 2019 respectively; p=0.025) and the number of emergent surgeries was higher (3.8% in 2020 vs 1.8% in 2019, p=0.024). There was a higher likelihood of involvement of both segments of the eye (4.82% versus 1.2%, p<0.01) and more diagnoses were given to each patient (1±0.5 versus 0.93±0.35, p=0.001; During the COVID-19 pandemic medications (both topical and systemic) were prescribed more often (1.22±0.95 in 2020 and 0.84±0.67 in 2019, p < 0.001).Conclusions: OER visits were less frequent during the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to 2019, though the demographics of the patients remained unchanged. Visits during the pandemic tended to be for more severe ocular conditions and required more medical and surgical treatment. This analysis can aid healthcare resource management in similar scenarios in the future.
Different Diagnostic Performance of Fibrinogen and D-Dimer in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Propensity Score Matched Study
Authors: Chen Xi , Qian Wenwei , Weng Xisheng , Lin Jin , Jin Jin , Wang Yiou , Zhu Shibai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Fibrinogen(Fbg) and D-dimer were introduced as biomarkers for the diagnosis of PJI. However, previous researches have reported controversial outcome on the diagnostic value of D-dimer in comparison to Fbg, CRP and ESR.Aim: This study aims to: 1.Determine the optimal threshold of plasma Fbg and D-dimer in the diagnosis of PJI and compare their diagnostic value to that of CRP and ESR. 2.Investigate if Fbg and D-dimer performs differently than CRP and ESR in different types of PJI.Methods: 115 revision cases after total hip arthroplasty(THA) and total knee arthroplasty(TKA) were identified. 30 PJI cases were matched to 60 Aseptic cases based on demographic characteristics using propensity score matching. Sensitivity, Specificity, Receiver operating characteristics(ROC), Negative predictive value(NPV) and Positive predictive value(PPV) were calculated and compared.Results: The optimal threshold is 1.69 mg/L for D-dimer and 3.655g/L for Fbg. Plasma Fbg, D-dimer, CRP and ESR were significantly higher in the PJI group than the Aseptic group. Fbg, D-dimer, CRP and ESR showed sensitivity of 0.83, 0.67, 0.83 and 0.8 respectively and showed specificity of 0.87, 0.77, 0.92 and 0.82 respectively. ROC curve showed that CRP has the highest AUC(0.90), followed by Fbg(0.89), ESR(0.88) and D-dimer(0.77).Conclusion: Plasma Fbg exhibited similar diagnostic performance comparing to CRP and ESR. Plasma D-dimer is of limited diagnostic value. In our study, Fbg and D-dimer did not show better diagnostic performance in any subtypes of PJI. Further studies are required to investigate the difference between serum D-dimer and plasma D-dimer in arthroplasty population.
The Changing Health Convergence For Life Expectancy and Spatial Interactions
Authors: Rodríguez Irene González , Sáez Marta Pascual , Prieto David Cantarero 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Health convergence between the European Union countries and Spanish provinces is studied considering the spatial interactions among several territories. Health status measured through life expectancy in four ways: life expectancy at birth, life expectancy at age 65, disabilityadjusted life expectancy and healthy life expectancy based on self-perceived health. The period analyzed differs from one indicator to another, for the period 1998-2018. Methods: Two kinds of convergence are studied: σ-convergence, through standard deviation, and absolute β-convergence, estimating a determined regression. Furthermore, the Moran Test is performed in order to know the degree of spatial dependencies and two models of spatial regression (Spatial Lag Model and Spatial Error Model) are used to include these dependencies in the absolute β-convergence estimation. Results: Our findings suggest that there is a convergence process, both in σ and β, between the European Union countries and between the Spanish provinces. Therefore, dispersion is reduced, and growth rates have been higher where had lower life expectancy values at the beginning. On the other hand, β-convergence is higher in women among European countries and in men among Spanish provinces, whether we consider the model without spatial dependencies or the one which include them. Conclusion: In general, there have been convergence processes (both in sigma and beta) inside Europe and Spain. Otherwise, the rise of the dispersion means that there is not a clear evidence about the trend in the following period. This study has a double contribution. First, it provides an updated vision of the health convergence. Secondly, it contributes to consider spatial econometrics in Health Economics research. These insights can be considered to reduce health population inequalities.
Exploring The Association Between School-Based Peer Networks And Smoking According To Socioeconomic Status and Tobacco Control Context: A Systematic Review
Authors: Littlecott Hannah Jane , Moore GF , McCann Mark , Melendez-Torres G.J. , Mercken Liesbeth , Reed Hayley , Mann Mala , Dobbie Fiona , Hawkins Jemma 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Whilst prevalence of youth smoking in middle and high income countries has decreased, inequality has prevailed. The introduction of legislation regulating tobacco use in public spaces varies across countries, impacting the tobacco control context. There is a need to revisit our understandings of the influence of social networks on smoking among adolescents to inform subsequent exploration of this relationship and context-specific intervention design.Methods: The search, conducted on 31st May 2019, included terms relating to smoking, schools, adolescents, peers and social networks. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied throughout the title and abstract screening and full text screening. Quality assessment and synthesis followed. Studies were charted against a timeline and narratively synthesised to identify changes according to legislative context. This synthesis was conducted separately for findings relating to three categories: socioeconomic status; social selection and influence; and network position.Results: Thirty studies were included. Differences in the relationship between network characteristics and smoking according to socioeconomic status were measured in five out of fifteen studies in Europe. Results varied across studies, with differences in network characteristics and their association with smoking varying both between schools of a differing and those of a similar socioeconomic composition. For studies conducted both before and after the introduction of comprehensive smoking legislation, the evidence for selection processes was more consistent than influence, which varied according to reciprocity. Findings showed that isolates were more likely to smoke and in-degree and out-degree centrality were related to smoking both before and after the introduction of legislation. The relationship between popularity and smoking was contingent on school level smoking prevalence in studies conducted before the introduction of legislation, but not after. Conclusions: Overall, effects according to socioeconomic status were underreported in the included studies and no consistent evidence of change after the introduction of a comprehensive smoking ban was observed. Further network analyses are required utilising more recent data to obtain a comprehensive understanding of how network processes may influence smoking differently according to socioeconomic status after the introduction of a comprehensive smoking ban, and how adaptation could be used to enhance intervention effectiveness.International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration number: CRD42019137358
Sequential Non-Invasive Following Short-Term Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in the Treatment of Tuberculosis with Respiratory Failure: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Kang Nai-Min , Zhang Nan , Luo Bao-Jian , Wu En-Dong , Shi Jian-Quan , Li Liang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) have been combined as sequential MV (SMV) in the treatment of respiratory failure. However, the effectiveness remains unclear. Here, we performed a randomized controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of SMV in the treatment of tuberculosis with respiratory failure.Methods. Forty-four tuberculosis patients diagnosed with respiratory failure were randomly divided into SMV group (n=24) and conventional MV (CMV) group (n=20). Initially, the patients in both groups received invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). When the patients' conditions were relieved, the ventilation modality in SMV group was switched to oronasal face continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) until weaning. Results. After treatment, the patients in SMV group had similar respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygenation index, alveolo-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference (A-aDO2), blood pH, PaCO2 to those in CMV group (all P value>0.05). There was no significant difference in ventilation time and ICU stay between the two groups (P>0.05), but SMV group significantly reduced the time of invasive ventilation (mean difference (MD):-36.2 hrs,95% confidence interval (CI):-53.6,-18.8 hrs,P<0.001). SMV group also reduced the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP;relative risk (RR):0.44,95% CI:0.24,0.83,P=0.006) and atelectasis (RR:0.49,95% CI:0.24,1.00,P=0.040). Conclusions. SMV was effective in treating tuberculosis with respiratory failure. It showed advantages in reducing invasive ventilation time and ventilator-associated adverse events.