bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De novo transcriptome assemblies of Epicauta tibialis provide insights into the sexual dimorphism in the production of cantharidin
Authors: Du Chao , Li Wujiao , Fu Zhaohui , Yi Chunyan , Liu Xu , Yue Bisong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBlister beetles have medicinal uses for their defensive secretion cantharidin, which has curative effects on many cancers and other diseases. It was demonstrated that sexual dimorphism exists in the production of cantharidin between male and female adults. This study performed a de novo assembly of Epicauta tibialis transcriptomes and analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between male and female adults to help to find genes and pathways associated with cantharidin biosynthesis. A total of 99,295,624 paired reads were generated, and more than 7 Gb transcriptome data for each sample were obtained after trimming. The clean data were used to de novo assemble and then cluster into 27,355 unigenes, with a mean length of 1442 bp and an N50 of 2725 bp. Of these, 14,314 (52.33%) unigenes were annotated by protein databases. Differential expression analysis identified 284 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between male and female adults. Nearly 239 DEGs were up‐regulated in male adults than in female adults, while 45 DEGs were down‐regulated. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway enrichment manifested that seven up‐regulated DEGs in male adults were assigned to the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway, to which 19 unigenes were annotated. The DEGs in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway between male and female adults may be responsible for the sexual dimorphism in cantharidin production. The up‐regulated genes assigned to the pathway in male adults may play a significant role in cantharidin biosynthesis, and its biosynthesis process is probably via the mevalonate pathway. The results would be helpful to better understand and reveal the complicated mechanism of the cantharidin biosynthesis.
Which are the determinants of green purchase behaviour? A study of Italian consumers
Authors: Dangelico Rosa Maria , Nonino Fabio , Pompei Alessandro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGreen purchase behaviour is receiving a growing attention in the academic community, as understanding it is crucial for the growing number of companies developing and marketing green products. In order to provide a broader and novel picture of the phenomenon, this study extends the widely used Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model in several ways, through a large survey of Italian consumers. First, three dimensions of green purchase behaviour are considered, namely, the willingness to pay a premium price, the green purchase frequency and the green purchase satisfaction. Second, several antecedents are considered simultaneously. Third, new (consumer creativity) or so far marginally studied (materialism and green practices) antecedents are included. Fourth, the mediating roles of green purchase satisfaction and willingness to pay a premium price in the link between the considered antecedents and the frequency of green purchase are investigated.Results show that the three dimensions of green purchase behaviour have different antecedents, so highlighting that green purchase behaviour is a multi‐faceted phenomenon that should not be studied as a single general concept. Personal norms and value for money emerged to be very relevant predictors. The significant effects of creativity, materialism and green practices provide evidence that extending the TPB model with these three antecedents is useful to more deeply understand green purchase behaviour. Green purchase satisfaction is the strongest predictor of purchase frequency and mediates the effects of personal norms and value for money.
Purification and Structural Characterization of Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharides and Its Activities
Authors: Wang Li‐Xia , Li Chi‐Yu , Hu Chen , Gong Pi‐Sen , Zhao Shao‐Hua 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this study, Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (named DOPS‐1) was isolated from the stems of Dendrobium officinale by hot‐water extraction and purified by using Sephadex G‐150 column chromatography. The structural characterization, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity were carried out. Based on the results of HPLC, GC, Congo red experiment, together with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, SEM, FT‐IR, and NMR spectral analysis, it expressed that DOPS‐1 was largely composed of mannose, glucose and galacturonic acid in a molar ratio of 3.2 : 1.3 : 1. The molecular weight of DOPS‐1 was 1530 kDa and the main chain was composed of (1→4)‐β‐D‐Glcp, (1→4)‐β‐D‐Manp and 2‐O‐acetyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐Manp. The measurement results of antioxidant activity showed that DOPS‐1 had the strong scavenging activities on hydroxyl radicals, DPPH radicals and superoxide radicals and the high reducing ability in vitro. Moreover, DOPS‐1 was cytotoxic to all three human cancer cells of MDA‐MB‐231, A549 and HepG2.
The cloak of calcium: Coronary angiography is not to be trusted
Authors: Grines Cindy L. , Leimbach Mark E. 
Published: March 2021

Key Points
Heavily calcified coronary arteries may mask lesions.
There is no correlation between angiographic determination of stenosis severity 40–80% and intracoronary measurements of fractional flow reserve and Pd/Pa in heavily calcified lesions.
It is essential to perform additional intracoronary hemodynamic measurements or invasive imaging to determine the significance of calcified coronary lesions.
FFRCT: Getting better all the time (but not there yet)
Authors: Seto Arnold H. , Kern Morton J. 
Published: March 2021

Key Points
Post‐percutaneous corornary intervention (PCI) Fractional flow reserve (FFR) values remain suboptimal in many cases and these are associated with an adverse prognosis.
FFR derived from computed tomography (FFRCT) now includes a planner tool to predict post‐PCI values, which demonstrated significant if modest correlation with invasive post‐PCI values.
Further refinement is necessary to improve accuracy and reliability of this tool before it can be used with confidence.
Pd‐Catalyzed N‐Arylations of 3‐Aryl‐1‐tosyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐amines with Arylbromides and the Migration of Ts Group
Authors: He Jing , Yang Zhen , Li Weiwei , Wei Yueting , Dai Bin , Zhao Jixing , Liu Ping 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn efficient palladium‐catalyzed N‐arylations of 3‐aryl‐1‐tosyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐amines with arylbromides is established. A series of diversified N‐arylated products are obtained in excellent yields with broad substrate scope. Importantly, the N‐arylated products undergo 1,4‐ and 1,6‐migration reactions of Ts group under the action of Cs2CO3, affording the N‐Ts‐substituted pyrroles as major products (1,6‐migration). Similar results can also be directly obtained by palladium‐catalyzed reactions of 3‐aryl‐1‐tosyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐amines with arylbromides in the presence of Cs2CO3 as a base. Mechanistic studies reveal that the Ts‐migration is achieved through an intermolecular pathway.
PROTOCOL: The use of information and communications technologies (ICT) for contributing to the prevention of, and response to, sexual and gender‐based violence against women and children in lower‐ and middle‐income countries: an evidence and gap map
Authors: Philbrick William C. , Milnor Jacob R. , Deshmukh Madhu , Mechael Patricia N. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis is the protocol for the development of a Campbell Collaboration evidence and gaps map (EGM). The primary objective of this evidence and gap map (EGM) is to answer the following question: (1) What is the evidence connected with the use of information and communications technologies (ICT) for preventing and responding to sexual and gender‐based violence (SGBV) against women and children in lower‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC)?(a) the EGM will provide a structured and accessible contextual framework for research to stakeholders and policymakers in SGBV and ICT; (b) the EGM will identify gaps in the available ICT and SGBV evidence; (c) the EGM will identify clusters of evidence suitable for systematic review; and (d) the EGM will look for and build connections between related areas of research in ICT and SGBV.As part of identifying the evidence connected with the use of ICT for preventing and responding to SGBV we seek to answer the following questions based upon the available evidence:

Does the use of ICT prevent SGBV against women and children in LMIC?
How effective is ICT at improving access to quality services for SGBV survivors in LMIC?
Does the use of ICT contribute to effectively achieving intermediate outcomes that lead to the prevention of SGBV against women and children, and/or improving access for SGBV survivors to response services in LMIC?
What are the enabling factors associated with the implementation of ICT and SGBV interventions?
Current pet ownership modifies the adverse association between long‐term ambient air pollution exposure and childhood asthma
Authors: Zeng Xiao‐Wen , Lodge Caroline J. , Lowe Adrian J. , Guo Yuming , Abramson Michael J. , Bowatte Gayan , Hu Li‐Wen , Yang Bo‐Yi , Chen Zan‐Xiong , Dharmage Shyamali C. , Dong Guang‐Hui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies suggest that household endotoxin and allergens can modify the impact of air pollutants on development of asthma; however, epidemiological evidence is limited and conflicting.ObjectivesTo investigate whether pet ownership modified the association between ambient air pollution and asthma in children.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cross‐sectional study, the Seven Northeast Cities Study in China and recruited a total of 59,754 children from 94 schools during 2012–2013. Long‐term air pollutant concentrations, including airborne particulate matter with a diameter of 1 μm or less (PM1), PM2.5, PM10, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from 2009 to 2012 were estimated using a random forest model. We collected information of respiratory health in children using the Epidemiologic Standardization Project Questionnaire of the American Thoracic Society (ATS‐DLD‐78‐A). Regression models were used to evaluate associations between pet ownership and air pollution on asthma after adjusting for potential covariates.ResultsExposure to increasing levels of air pollutants was associated with higher prevalence of asthma, but associations were significantly attenuated in children who owned pets. For example, compared to children without pets, those who owned pets did not have an increased risk of symptoms of asthma (odds ratio, 1.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.78, 1.30), wheeze (0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76, 1.21), and cough (1.01, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.18) for each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM1 (P‐int < 0.05). Similar trends were observed for other air pollutants. Dog and bird ownership decreased the associations of asthma and cough with air pollutant exposure. The main findings were consistent with a series of sensitivity analyses.ConclusionCurrent pet ownership may reduce the adverse impact of long‐term air pollution on childhood asthma. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this finding which could have important implications for public health.
Guideline‐adherent treatment, sociodemographic disparities, and cause‐specific survival for endometrial carcinomas
Authors: Rodriguez Victoria E. , LeBrón Alana M. W. , Chang Jenny , Bristow Robert E. 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUNDAdherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines have been adopted as the standard of care for various cancers and have been cited to have survival benefits. Few studies have examined the association of adherent treatment and endometrial cancer survival among various racial/ethnic groups and socioeconomic statuses.METHODSBetween January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2015, 83,673 women diagnosed with endometrial carcinomas were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Descriptive statistics of demographic and clinical characteristics were performed. Cox‐proportional hazards models were used to examine the effect on cause‐specific survival for adherence to guidelines across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups.RESULTSWithin our sample, 59.5% were treated according to guidelines. Nonadherence to treatment guidelines was significantly associated with decreased survival compared with adherent care (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.52‐1.67). Being of Black (adjusted HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.32‐1.51) or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (adjusted HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.19‐1.73) race/ethnicity compared with White women was significantly associated with worse survival. Being of Asian race/ethnicity (adjusted HR, 0.86, 95% CI, 0.78‐0.94) was significantly associated with improved survival compared with White women. Lower neighborhood socioeconomic status was associated with a negative effect on survival relative to women in the highest socioeconomic status category.CONCLUSIONSFindings from this study suggest treatment adherence is an independent predictor of improved survival; however, improved survival was not observed equally among all racial/ethnic and socioeconomic status groups.LAY SUMMARY

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has developed guidelines for physicians to follow in treating various cancers. Within this study of 83,673 women with endometrial cancer, 59.5% of women were treated according to the NCCN guidelines. The findings suggest following NCCN guidelines for treatment of endometrial cancer improves survival.

Black or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander race and lower neighborhood socioeconomic status has worse survival rates compared with other groups, indicating the importance of exploring other factors that may shape treatment across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic status groups.
Sodium Monododecylphosphate Vesicles Formed in Alcohol/Water Mixtures
Authors: Gao Meihua , Yao Zhiyin , Du Na , Deng Quanhua , Liu Lijing , Liu Jianqiang , Hou Wanguo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSodium monododecylphosphate (SDP), a typical single‐chain amphiphile (SCA), exhibits extremely low solubility in water, which limits the investigation on its aggregation behavior. In the current work, we introduced short‐ and medium‐chain alcohols into the SDP‐water system to improve its solubility. An isotropic phase was found to be formed in the presence of alcohol with a suitable dielectric constant (11–25) or alkyl chain (2–7 carbons). In addition, vesicular, dendritic, and micellar structures were identified in the isotropic phase, depending on the composition of the SDP/alcohol/H2O ternary systems. The structure, stability, permeability, and formation mechanism of the vesicles formed in the SDP/n‐pentanol (NPT)/H2O system were investigated. The vesicles have a unilamellar structure, with size‐selective permeability. They show remarkable stability upon long‐term storage, exposure to high temperature, and freeze‐thawing cycles, but are metastable in thermodynamics. The hydrogen bonding between SDP molecules plays an important role in the formation of vesicles. Furthermore, the SDP/NPT/H2O vesicles were used to construct three spatially segregated enzyme‐loaded compartments to support a cascade enzyme reaction. The chemical signal transduction among the enzyme‐loaded vesicles was achieved. This study provides a deeper understanding of the features of SDP vesicles and demonstrates their potential applications such as in biomembrane mimicking and micro‐reactors.
ParaHydrogen Polarized Ethyl‐[1‐13C]pyruvate in Water, a Key Substrate for Fostering the PHIP‐SAH Approach to Metabolic Imaging
Authors: Carrera Carla , Cavallari Eleonora , Digilio Giuseppe , Bondar Oksana , Aime Silvio , Reineri Francesca 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of vinyl‐[1‐13C]pyruvate has been reported, from which 13C hyperpolarized (HP) ethyl‐[1‐13C]pyruvate has been obtained by means of ParaHydrogen Induced Polarization (PHIP). Due to the intrinsic lability of pyruvate, which leads quickly to degradation of the reaction mixture even under mild reaction conditions, the vinyl‐ester has been synthesized through the intermediacy of a more stable ketal derivative. 13C and 1H hyperpolarizations of ethyl‐[1‐13C]pyruvate, hydrogenated using ParaHydrogen, have been compared to those observed on the more widely used allyl‐derivative. It has been demonstrated that the spin order transfer from ParaHydrogen protons to 13C, is more efficient on the ethyl than on the allyl‐esterdue to the larger J‐couplings involved. The main requirements needed for the biological application of this HP product have been met, i. e. an aqueous solution of the product at high concentration (40 mM) with a good 13C polarization level (4.8 %) has been obtained. The in vitro metabolic transformation of the HP ethyl‐[1‐13C]pyruvate, catalyzed by an esterase, has been observed. This substrate appears to be a good candidate for in vivo metabolic investigations using PHIP hyperpolarized probes.
Energy Storage Mechanism of Vanadium Nitride via Intercalating Different Atomic Radius for Expanding Interplanar Spacing
Authors: Liu Ying , Liu Lingyang , Kang Long , Ran Fen 
Published: March 2021

As a promising anode material in supercapacitors, vanadium nitride has been widely concerned due to its ultra‐high theoretical specific capacitance. However, its routine test capacitance value is still far from the theoretical value and its energy storage mechanism is controversial. In order to solve these two key problems, here we prepare interplanar spacing expanded vanadium nitride materials with different impurity atoms intercalation from two anionic precursors of vanadium‐based metal organic frameworks with different functional groups. The obtained vanadium nitride reaches a higher specific capacitance; and further, through ex situ X‐Ray diffraction and in situ Raman, the charge storage of vanadium nitride is contributed by two processes: the first benefit is from the K+ de/intercalation in the interplanar spacing, and the other one is derived from the redox reaction with OH− by adsorption on surface. Furthermore, both of the first principle calculation and extended experiments support this idea. We believe that such detailed research on the energy storage mechanism can provide a clear idea for the application of metal nitrides in supercapacitors and other energy storage devices.
New Chiral BINOL‐Based Phosphates for Enantioselective [Au(I)]‐Catalyzed Dearomatization of β‐Naphthols with Allenamides
Authors: Pedrazzani Riccardo , An Juzeng , Monari Magda , Bandini Marco 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNew chiral BINOL‐based phosphate counterions have been synthesized, fully characterized, and employed in the enantioselective gold‐catalyzed dearomatization of β‐naphthols with allenamides. A range of densely functionalized C1‐allylated naphthalenones were realized under mild conditions and high levels of chemo‐, regio‐ and stereoselectivity (ee up to 95 %).
Experimental fire testing of large‐scale glass fibre‐reinforced polymer‐reinforced concrete beams with mid‐span straight‐end bar lap splices
Authors: Nour Omar , Salem Osama (Sam) , Mostafa Ahmed 
Published: March 2021

SummaryAdopting glass fibre‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars as a replacement of conventional steel reinforcement in different infrastructure applications is mainly attributed to its corrosion resistance and considerable lightweight‐to‐high strength ratio. However, the use of FRP rebars in construction is still limited due to the degradation of its mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. The experimental work presented in this paper aimed to investigate the structural fire behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars having lap splices at the beam mid‐span. Four identical 2750‐mm long concrete beams with cross‐sectional dimensions of 300 mm × 350 mm were experimentally examined under four‐point flexure bending. A 60‐mm thick concrete cover was used on the bottom, front and back sides of all beams. Two beams were tested as control specimens in ambient condition, while the other two beams were exposed to standard fire while subjected to a transverse load equivalent to 40% of the beam ultimate design moment. Experimental results show that concrete beams sustained the applied loads for a minimum of 53 minutes in standard fire conditions. Also, both test beams failed due to slippage of the spliced bars when the temperature measured at the top of the middle bar approached its glass transition temperature.
Effects of different harvesting times and processing methods on the quality of cultivated Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don
Authors: Ma Bujin , Ma Jing , Li Bo , Tao Qian , Gan Jiaxia , Yan Zhuyun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFritillaria cirrhosa D. Don is the major source plants of traditional Chinese medicine Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus (FCB). Domestication, introduction, and cultivation is an important strategy to alleviate the shortage of endangered medicinal plants of F. cirrhosa. However, until now, the yield and quality changes of FCB in different harvest periods and drying treatments after harvest were not well understood. Therefore, in this paper, we investigated the yield and quality of cultivated F. cirrhosa at different harvest periods and postharvest processing methods. The results showed that dry weight per bulb ranged from 0.8913 to 1.4681 g and reached the highest at the wilting stage. The soluble sugar content ranged from 0.075% to 0.127% and reached the highest at the wilting stage. The content of total alkaloids ranged from 0.088% to 0.218% and reached the highest at the late‐flowering stage. The contents of peimisine, sipeimine, peimine, and peiminine were 0.01178%‐0.02615%, 0%–0.01713%, 0%–0.00745%, and 0%–0.00621% and reached the highest at the late‐flowering period, wilting period, young fruit period, and initial flowering period, respectively. For the two different postharvest processing methods, the contents of total alkaloids and the 16 main characteristic peaks did not exhibit significant differences. Still, the alkaloid contents of the oven drying after washing were slightly higher than the sun drying. In conclusion, the best harvest period is the wilting period of F. cirrhosa, and oven drying after washing is more beneficial to ensure the quality of FCB and improve productivity.