bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple optical evaluation criteria reliably identify the post-endoscopic mucosal resection scar for benign large non-pedunculated colorectal polyps without tattoo placement
Authors: Shahidi Neal , Gupta Sunil , Whitfield Anthony , Vosko Sergei , McKay Owen , Cronin Oliver , Zahid Simmi , Burgess Nicholas G. , Bourke Michael J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Recognition of the post-endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) scar is critical for large (≥ 20 mm) non-pedunculated colorectal polyp (LNPCP) management. The utility of intraluminal tattooing to facilitate scar identification is unknown.
Methods We evaluated the ability of simple easy-to-use optical evaluation criteria to detect the post-EMR scar, with or without tattoo placement, in a prospective observational cohort of LNPCPs referred for endoscopic resection. The primary outcome was scar identification, further stratified by lesion size (20–39 mm, ≥ 40 mm) and histopathology (adenomatous, serrated).
Results 1023 LNPCPs underwent both successful EMR and first surveillance colonoscopy (median size 35 mm, IQR 30–50 mm); 124 (12.1 %) had an existing tattoo or a tattoo placed at the index EMR. The post-EMR scar was identified in 1020 patients (99.7 %). The presence of a tattoo did not affect scar identification (100.0 % vs. 99.7 %; P > 0.99). There was no difference for LNPCPs 20–39 mm, LNPCPs ≥ 40 mm, adenomatous LNPCPs, and serrated LNPCPs (all P > 0.99).
Conclusions The post-EMR scar can be reliably identified with simple easy-to-use optical evaluation criteria, without the need for universal tattoo placement.
A single-cell resolution developmental atlas of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion in zebrafish
Authors: Xia Jun , Kang Zhixin , Xue Yuanyuan , Ding Yanyan , Gao Suwei , Zhang Yifan , Lv Peng , Wang Xinyu , Ma Dongyuan , Wang Lu , Han Jing-Dong J. , Liu Feng 
Published: March 2021

Significance
The caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT) is characterized as a hematopoietic organ for fetal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion in zebrafish. In this study, we used scRNA-seq combined with functional assays to decode the developing CHT. First, we resolved fetal HSPC heterogeneity, manifested as lineage priming and metabolic gene signatures. We further analyzed the cellular interactions among nonhematopoietic niche components and HSPCs and identified an endothelial cell-specific factor, Gpr182, followed by experimental validation of its role in promoting HSPC expansion. Finally, we uncovered the conservation and divergence of developmental hematopoiesis between human fetal liver and zebrafish CHT. Our study provides a valuable resource for fetal HSPC development and clues to establish a supportive niche for HSPC expansion in vitro.
Selective autophagy of AKAP11 activates cAMP/PKA to fuel mitochondrial metabolism and tumor cell growth
Authors: Deng Zhiqiang , Li Xianting , Blanca Ramirez Marian , Purtell Kerry , Choi Insup , Lu Jia-Hong , Yu Qin , Yue Zhenyu 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Autophagy is known to promote cell survival through providing various sources of fuels as a result of digestion. Here, we uncover a function of autophagy in cell metabolic regulation by directly activating cAMP/PKA signaling that fuels mitochondrial metabolism and confers cell resistance to energy crisis. We find that autophagy selectively degrades PKA inhibitory subunit RIα through new autophagy receptor AKAP11 in response to energy crisis, thus causing PKA activation, which is a central hub for a variety of cellular signaling. Our study suggests that tumor cells may exploit such a metabolic reprogramming mechanism for the oncogenic growth. We propose that AKAP11-mediated cAMP/PKA activation via selective autophagy should be explored in the future as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
The structure of a minimum amyloid fibril core formed by necroptosis-mediating RHIM of human RIPK3
Authors: Wu Xialian , Ma Yeyang , Zhao Kun , Zhang Jing , Sun Yunpeng , Li Yichen , Dong Xingqi , Hu Hong , Liu Jing , Wang Jian , Zhang Xia , Li Bing , Wang Huayi , Li Dan , Sun Bo , Lu Junxia , Liu Cong 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Receptor-interacting protein kinases 3 (RIPK3), a hub player in necrotic cell death, forms amyloid-like polymers in response to upstream mediators. This work, by using cryo-EM and solid-state NMR, reports the structure of human RIPK3 amyloid fibril core. The fibril core is mainly composed of the consensus RHIM domain and exhibits distinctive properties: an exceptionally small fibril core and existence in both handedness. These traits may provide a favorable geometry for the arrangement of kinase domain on the fibril surface to boost RIPK3 phosphorylation and the following activation of downstream MLKL. This work sheds light on how functional fibrils utilize the amyloid state to spatially regulate their functional domains, which is usually not a concern of pathological fibrils.
Subthalamic low-frequency oscillations predict vulnerability to cocaine addiction
Authors: Degoulet Mickael , Tiran-Cappello Alix , Combrisson Etienne , Baunez Christelle , Pelloux Yann 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Understanding why some individuals become addicts while others can maintain recreational use, and how to treat these individuals, remains a challenge. Using a state-of-the-art rat model of compulsive cocaine seeking (resistance to a punishment associated with cocaine seeking), we show here that: first, subthalamic nucleus (STN) oscillatory activity during prior extended access to cocaine serves as a biomarker to predict vulnerable individuals that will compulsively seek the drug, a hallmark of addiction, and second, that in compulsive “addicted” rats, low (30 Hz) but not high (130 Hz), deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the STN efficiently reduces pathological cocaine seeking. Given that DBS approaches are currently used for neurologic and psychiatric disorders in human patients, our results provide highly translational observations.
What are the appropriate mapping units for ecosystem service assessments? A systematic review
Authors: Shen Jiake , Chen Chundi , Wang Yuncai 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT

Context
: Without clear understanding of the units used for ecosystem service (ES) mapping, ES assessment accuracy and the practical application of ES knowledge will be hampered.
Method
: We systematically reviewed 106 studies over the past 11 years to explore the type, characteristic pattern and deficiencies of mapping units.
Result
: We proposed that ES mapping units can be categorized into minimal unit for assessing ESs using corresponding indicators and methods, and aggregated unit for analysis and application based on research objectives, and classified the mapping units into five common types. Of the 12 characterizing variables of ES mapping studies, some have been shown to introduce a difference in the selection of mapping units and to exhibit characteristic patterns. We also found that the accuracy of ES assessments based on minimal units was lacking, and aggregated units were insufficient to establish a link between ES knowledge and practice.
Conclusion
: Herein, we propose possible solutions such as the use of fine spatial resolution grids and the introduction of additional data beyond land cover as supplements to improve the assessment accuracy. To enhance the availability of the results for practice, aggregated units connected with urban planning units should be established at a spatial level suitable for urban management.
On the Rényi entropy of Lifshitz and hyperscaling violating black holes
Authors: Kökényesi Zoltán , Sinkovics Annamária 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We study Rényi entropies for geometries with Lifshitz scaling and hyperscaling violation. We calculate them for specific values of the Lifshitz parameter, and analyze the dual spectrum of the ground state. In the large d − θ limit they show that the ground state is unique in specific parameter ranges. We also calculate the Rényi entropies perturbatively around n = 1, and derive constraints using the Rényi entropy inequalities, which correspond to the thermodynamic stability of the black holes.
First-order Lagrangian and Hamiltonian of Lovelock gravity
Authors: Guilleminot Pablo , Julié Félix-Louis , Merino Nelson , Olea Rodrigo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Based on the insight gained by many authors over the years on the structure of the Einstein–Hilbert, Gauss–Bonnet and Lovelock gravity Lagrangians, we show how to derive-in an elementary fashion-their first-order, generalized ‘Arnowitt–Deser–Misner’ Lagrangian and associated Hamiltonian. To do so, we start from the Lovelock Lagrangian supplemented with the Myers boundary term, which guarantees a Dirichlet variational principle with a surface term of the form π

ij

δh

ij
, where π

ij
is the canonical momentum conjugate to the boundary metric h

ij
. Then, the first-order Lagrangian density is obtained either by integration of π

ij
over the metric derivative ∂
w

h

ij
normal to the boundary, or by rewriting the Myers term as a bulk term.
Phaseless inverse scattering with background information
Authors: Novikov R G , Sivkin V N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We consider phaseless inverse scattering for the multidimensional Schrödinger equation with unknown potential v using the method of known background scatterers. In particular, in dimension d ⩾ 2, we show that |f
1|2 at high energies uniquely determines v via explicit formulas, where f
1 is the scattering amplitude for v + w
1, w
1 is an a priori known nonzero background scatterer, under the condition that supp v and supp w
1 are sufficiently disjoint. If this condition is relaxed, then we give similar formulas for finding v from |f|2, |f
1|2, where f is the scattering amplitude for v. In particular, we continue studies of Novikov (2016 J. Geom. Anal.
26 346–59) and Leshem et al (2016 Nat. Commun.
7 1–6).
Simulation of pre-breakdown discharges in high-pressure air: II. Effect of surface protrusions
Authors: Ferreira N G C , Naidis G V , Benilov M S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Analysis of deviations from the similarity law, observed at high and very high pressures in experiments on discharge ignition and breakdown in corona-like configurations, can serve as a useful, albeit inevitably indirect, source of information about microprotrusions on the surface of the electrodes. In this work, such analysis was performed by means of 2D numerical modelling. Conical or cylindrical protrusions on the surface of the inner electrode were studied and the kinetic scheme includes the electrons, one species of positive ions, and negative ions

O

2

−

,

O

−

, and

O

3

−

. It is shown that the deviations from the similarity law, observed in the experiment, may indeed be attributed to enhanced ionization of air molecules in regions of amplified electric field near the microprotrusions. A qualitative agreement with the experiment in all the cases is achieved for protrusion heights of the order of 50 µm. Such values may appear rather high, however there is no other explanation in sight at present. The enhancement of the field electron emission from the surface of the negative electrode due to the amplification of the electric field on the microprotrusion was estimated and found insignificant in the range of values of the protrusion aspect ratio where the enhanced ionization in the gas phase is already appreciable.
Inverse design of structured materials for broadband sound absorption
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhao Honggang , Yang Haibin , Zhong Jie , Yu Dianlong , Wen Jihong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses the design of structured materials for broadband waterborne sound absorption. The structured materials are composed of a rubber matrix embedded periodically with cavities. To find the optimal distribution of cavities, an inverse design method based on topology optimization is proposed. Structured materials with novel hybrid cavities are thus designed. Efficient absorption over a wide frequency range between 600 Hz and 8000 Hz is achieved. The underlying mechanism behind the broadband absorption performance is revealed. Both the bending motion of the structured material and the translational motion of its steel backing affect the absorption in the low-frequency regime. Coherent coupling of local resonant modes together with the multiple scattering effects among cavities contribute to sound absorption in the mid-to-high frequency range. Moreover, a comparison with a conventionally structured material demonstrates the advantages of our design. Finally, an inverse design process with a different rubber matrix is performed. The results show that these cavities still exhibit similar topological features when the shear wave velocity of the rubber matrix is varied.
Electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of Janus In-based monochalcogenides
Authors: Vu Tuan V , Vi Vo T T , Phuc Huynh V , Nguyen Chuong V , Poklonski N A , Duque C A , Rai D P , Hoi Bui D , Hieu Nguyen N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Inspired by the successfully experimental synthesis of Janus structures recently, we systematically study the electronic, optical, and electronic transport properties of Janus monolayers In2
XY (X/Y = S, Se, Te with X ≠ Y) in the presence of a biaxial strain and electric field using density functional theory. Monolayers In2
XY are dynamically and thermally stable at room temperature. At equilibrium, both In2STe and In2SeTe are direct semiconductors while In2SSe exhibits an indirect semiconducting behavior. The strain significantly alters the electronic structure of In2
XY and their photocatalytic activity. Besides, the indirect–direct gap transitions can be found due to applied strain. The effect of the electric field on optical properties of In2
XY is negligible. Meanwhile, the optical absorbance intensity of the Janus In2
XY monolayers is remarkably increased by compressive strain. Also, In2
XY monolayers exhibit very low lattice thermal conductivities resulting in a high figure of merit ZT, which makes them potential candidates for room-temperature thermoelectric materials.
Magnetic interactions in graphene decorated with iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Kilanski L , Jedrzejewski R , Sibera D , Kuryliszyn-Kudelska I , Gorantla S , Idczak R , Tran V H , Jedrzejewska A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present the studies of structural and magnetic properties of graphene composites prepared with several quantities of α-Fe2O3 dopant of 5%, 25% and 50% made with either ethanol or acetone. Our studies showed the presence of a weak magnetic order up to room temperature and saturation magnetization close to 0.2 emu g−1 in pure commercial graphene. With regard to magnetic properties of our graphene + iron oxide samples, the solvent used during the preparation of the composite had a significant influence on them. For graphene + Fe2O3 samples made with acetone the magnetic properties of pure graphene played a major role in the overall magnetic susceptibility and magnetization. On the other hand, for graphene + iron oxide samples made with ethanol we observed the presence of superparamagnetic blocking at T < 110 K which was due to the additional appearance of γ-Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Changes in the synthesis solvent played a major role in the magnetic properties of our graphene + Fe2O3 nanocomposite samples resulting in much higher saturation magnetization for the samples made with ethanol. Both the shape and the parameters characterizing magnetization hysteresis loops depend strongly on the amount of iron oxide and changes in the preparation method.
Post-administration dosimetry in yttrium-90 radioembolization through micro-CT imaging of radiopaque microspheres in a porcine renal model
Authors: Henry E Courtney , Strugari Matthew , Mawko George , Brewer Kimberly D , Abraham Robert , Kappadath S Cheenu , Syme Alasdair 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to perform post-administration dosimetry in yttrium-90 radioembolization through micro-CT imaging of radiopaque microsphere distributions in a porcine renal model and explore the impact of spatial resolution of an imaging system on the extraction of specific dose metrics. Following the administration of radiopaque microspheres to the kidney of a hybrid farm pig, the kidney was explanted and imaged with micro-CT. To produce an activity distribution, 400 MBq of yttrium-90 activity was distributed throughout segmented voxels of the embolized vasculature based on an established linear relationship between microsphere concentration and CT voxel value. This distribution was down-sampled to coarser isotropic grids ranging in voxel size from 2.5 to 15 mm to emulate nominal resolutions comparable to those found in yttrium-90 PET and Bremsstrahlung SPECT imaging. Dose distributions were calculated through the convolution of activity distributions with dose-voxel kernels generated using the GATE Monte Carlo toolkit. Contours were computed to represent normal tissue and target volumes. Dose-volume histograms, dose metrics, and dose profiles were compared to a ground truth dose distribution computed with GATE. The mean dose to the target for all studied voxel sizes was found to be within 5.7% of the ground truth mean dose.

D

70

was shown to be strongly correlated with image voxel size of the dose distribution (r
2 = 0.90).

D

70

is cited in the literature as an important dose metric and its dependence on voxel size suggests higher resolution dose distributions may provide new perspectives on dose-response relationships in yttrium-90 radioembolization. This study demonstrates that dose distributions with large voxels incorrectly homogenize the dose by attributing escalated doses to normal tissues and reduced doses in high-dose target regions. High-resolution micro-CT imaging of radiopaque microsphere distributions can provide increased confidence in characterizing the absorbed dose heterogeneity in yttrium-90 radioembolization.
A latch-up-free LVTSCR with improved overshoot characteristic for ESD protection in 40 nm CMOS process
Authors: Chen Rui-Bo , Liu Hong-Xia , Guo Dan , Huang Wei , Huang Xiao-Zong , Liu Zhiwei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a novel robust low-voltage-triggered silicon-controlled rectifier (LVTSCR) with high holding voltage, low trigger voltage, and low overshoot voltage has been proposed for 5 V integrated circuit electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection. The new LVTSCR integrates an extra low-resistance current path by embedding an NMOS transistor into the traditional LVTSCR. This extra current path will divert part of the ESD current, thus resulting in a lower overshoot voltage as well as better quasi-static I–V characteristics in the new structure. As such, the holding voltage of the new LVTSCR has been increased by ∼23%, the quasi-static triggering characteristic has been decreased by ∼8%, and the overshoot voltage has been improved by ∼38%.
A review of vascular networks for self-healing applications
Authors: Shields Yasmina , De Belie Nele , Jefferson Anthony , Van Tittelboom Kim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Increasing awareness for sustainability has led to the development of smart self-healing materials, which can extend the service life and improve safety without human intervention. Vascular networks are observed in biological systems, such as leaf venation and blood vascular systems, and provide inspiration for self-healing mechanisms in engineered systems. Embedding a vascular network in a host material has the advantage of addressing varying magnitudes of damage and allowing for an indefinite replenishment of the healing agent, which are current limitations of intrinsic and capsule-based self-healing systems. These networks are demonstrated in polymer and composite materials, with fabrication methods including removal of sacrificial elements, electrospinning, and an array of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. Advances in AM allow more complex network configurations to be realized that optimize fluid distribution and healing potential. This review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the current progress and limitations of the design approaches, fabrication methods, healing mechanisms, and relevant applications of embedded vascular networks. Additionally, significant research gaps and future research directions for vascular self-healing materials are described.
A thermoresponsive liquid with unique two-way volume memory function
Authors: Li Mingzhe , Zhan Chi , Lu Weiyi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Shape memory materials (SMMs) recover their original shape as an external stimulus is applied. To meet the growing needs for complicated applications, it is imperative to design advanced SMMs with more functions and better performance. This paper reports a new design of liquid-based SMMs, i.e. liquid nanofoam (LN) system, by controlling the extent of liquid outflow from hydrophobic nanopores. The liquid outflow behavior is dominated by the thermoresponsive sensitive bubble nucleation process in the confined nanoenvironment. As temperature increases, the extent of liquid outflow is promoted, and the system volume is recovered. Thus, the LN system exhibits an instant volume memory behavior. As temperature decreases, the volume memory behavior is reversed. A constitutive model for the shape memory LN material has also been developed and validated. The thermoresponsive nanoconfined liquid outflow opens up new avenues for the design of advanced SMM.
Early-age strength monitoring of the recycled aggregate concrete using the EMI method
Authors: Li Ying , Ma Yongli , Hu Xiaobin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
At present, the recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) technology has served as an environment-friendly means to dispose the waste concrete. This paper mainly investigates the feasibility of the early-age strength monitoring of the RAC using the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) method. Both the compressive test and EMI test utilizing the embedded piezoelectric smart aggregate (SA) transducers were conducted on the specimens with different recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement ratios and loading ages. The compressive test results show the early-age strength of the RAC develops more slowly on the whole as the RCA replacement ratio increases. In addition, the EMI test results as well as the theoretical analysis show that the conductance resonant frequency (CRF) of the SA generally rises as the age goes on. By regression analysis, the linear relationship between the early-age strength of the RAC and the CRF increment was established. It validates the applicability of using the EMI method to monitor the early-age strength of the RAC in engineering practice.
Enhancing spin–orbit coupling in high-mobility graphene by introducing chiral space curvature
Authors: Gu Jianfei , Hu Jingsan , Zhang Weiyi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Graphene is an excellent two-dimensional materials with high-mobility and relativistic electronic linear dispersion. Its rich physical properties such as half-integer quantum Hall effect and device application potential have been continuously attracting great attention. However, light carbon atoms also imply negligible intrinsic spin–orbit coupling (SOC) strength which hinders its spintronic application. To enhance the SOC effect, we introduce a special deformation vector with chiral curvature, borrowed from the Einstein theory of general relativity, to mimic space warping and twisting. The derived Rashba type pseudospin–spin coupling locks the spin orientation of an electron with respect to its pseudospin. Combined with the original Dirac type Hamiltonian specifying the pseudospin orientation of an electron with respect to its wavevector, it lifts the spin degeneracy and paves the way for graphene-based spintronic devices. An estimate suggests that a Rashba type pseudospin–spin coupling of the order of 5 meV can be achieved in tens nanometer samples.