bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TagLab: AI‐assisted annotation for the fast and accurate semantic segmentation of coral reef orthoimages
Authors: Pavoni Gaia , Corsini Massimiliano , Ponchio Federico , Muntoni Alessandro , Edwards Clinton , Pedersen Nicole , Sandin Stuart , Cignoni Paolo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSemantic segmentation is a widespread image analysis task; in some applications, it requires such high accuracy that it still has to be done manually, taking a long time. Deep learning‐based approaches can significantly reduce such times, but current automated solutions may produce results below expert standards. We propose agLab, an interactive tool for the rapid labelling and analysis of orthoimages that speeds up semantic segmentation. TagLab follows a human‐centered artificial intelligence approach that, by integrating multiple degrees of automation, empowers human capabilities. We evaluated TagLab's efficiency in annotation time and accuracy through a user study based on a highly challenging task: the semantic segmentation of coral communities in marine ecology. In the assisted labelling of corals, TagLab increased the annotation speed by approximately 90% for nonexpert annotators while preserving the labelling accuracy. Furthermore, human–machine interaction has improved the accuracy of fully automatic predictions by about 7% on average and by 14% when the model generalizes poorly. Considering the experience done through the user study, TagLab has been improved, and preliminary investigations suggest a further significant reduction in annotation times.
A Bioinspired Hemostatic Powder Derived from the Skin Secretion ofAndrias davidianusfor Rapid Hemostasis and Intraoral Wound Healing
Authors: Zhang Ximu , Jiang Lin , Li Xian , Zheng Liwen , Dang Ruyi , Liu Xiang , Wang Xiaoping , Chen Liling , Zhang Yu Shrike , Zhang Jixi , Yang Deqin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHigh‐performance hemostasis has become increasingly essential in treating various traumas. However, available topical hemostats still have various drawbacks and side‐effects. Herein, hemostatic powders derived from the skin secretion ofAndrias davidianus(SSAD) with controllable particle size are prepared using feasible frozen‐ball milling following lyophilization for hemorrhage‐control. Scanning electron microscopy, rheometry, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller test are used to characterize the coagulation‐promoting surface topography, rheological properties, and porous structure of the SSAD particles. The blood‐coagulation assays showed that the SSAD powders can induce blood‐absorption in a particle size‐dependent manner. Particle sizes of the SSAD powders larger than 200 µm and smaller than 800 µm greatly affect the blood‐clotting rate. Associated with the thromboelastography (TEG) and amino acid/protein composition analyses, the accessibility and diffusion of blood are mainly dependent on the wettability, adhesivity, and clotting factors of the SSAD particles. Rapid hemostasis in vivo further involves three hemorrhage models (liver, femoral artery, and tail) as well as an oral wound model, which suggest favorable hemostatic and simultaneous regenerative effects of the SSAD hemostatic powder. Considering its degradability and good biocompatibility, SSAD can be an optimal candidate for a new class of inexpensive, natural, and promising hemostatic and wound‐dressing agent.
Phthalocyanine‐Triggered Helical Dipeptide Nanotubes with Intense Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Wang Xiqian , Zhao Luyang , Wang Chiming , Feng Xuenan , Ma Qing , Yang Gengxiang , Wang Tianyu , Yan Xuehai , Jiang Jianzhuang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNanotubes with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) are attracting much attention due to many potential applications, such as chiroptical materials, displays, and sensing. However, it remains a challenge to change the assemblies of ordinarily molecular building blocks into CPL supramolecular nanotubes. Herein, the regulation of quite common dipeptide (Fmoc‐FF) assemblies into unprecedented helical nanotubes exhibiting intense CPL is reported by simply doping a few phthalocyanine (octakis(carboxyl)phthalocyaninato zinc complex (Pc)) molecules. Interestingly, altering the Fmoc‐FF/Pc molar ratios over a wide range cannot change the nanotubes structures according to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) measurements. Although molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the noncovalent interactions between Fmoc‐FF and Pc are quite weak, few Pc molecules can still change the secondary structures of a large number of Fmoc‐FF assemblies, which hierarchically form helical supramolecular nanotubes with long‐range ordered molecular packing, leading to intense CPL signals with large luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum = 0.04). Consequently, the chiral reorganization of Fmoc‐FF assemblies is dependent on the coassembly between Pc molecule and Fmoc‐FF supramolecular architectures. These results open the possibility for the fine‐tuning of helix and supramolecular nanotubes with CPL properties by using a small number of cofactors.
Fight silent horror unit test methods by consulting a TestWizard
Authors: Cerioli Maura , Lagorio Giovanni , Leotta Maurizio , Ricca Filippo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTests, when not correctly implemented, can pass on incorrect system implementations rather than fail. In this case, they are named silent horrors or false‐negative tests. They make releasing low‐quality (buggy) versions of the software system more probable. Furthermore, faithfully implementing test specifications is crucial when they play the role of documentation, like when documenting components or services or driving legacy systems' re‐engineering. This paper presents TestWizard, a novel approach and tool for automatically assessing individual tests' quality from the point of view of their coherence to specifications. TestWizard automatically assesses the quality of each individual test case w.r.t. its specification, providing detailed reports on why a single test is a false negative, hence helping testers fix them. Thus, TestWizard can help to automate the test code review process, which is still mainly manual today. The analysis of 1012 test implementations, developed by 123 students in three experiments, shows that TestWizard is (1) by far more accurate than code review performed by multiple students, (2) slightly better than code review performed by three senior experts, and (3) always able to detect a significant percentage of false‐negative test methods (up to 21.22%).
Online Monitoring Data Processing Method of Transformer Oil Chromatogram Based on Association Rules
Authors: Tong Chao , Zhu Ziwei , Zhang Yining , Zhou Mengyao , Peng Sui , Shan Songxing , Wang Peng , Liu Yuting , Tong Tao , Zeng Leilei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe oil chromatography online monitoring system can monitor the insulation status of power transformers continuously and real‐time. The accuracy of its detection data directly affects the stable operation of the transformers. Aiming at the problem of abnormal data in the current transformer online monitoring data set, this paper proposes an online oil chromatographic data processing method based on association rules and support vector regression (SVR) analysis. First, using piecewise linearization to convert numerical variables into Boolean variables, and then exploring gas indicators with strong correlations in oil chromatogram. Then, using the improved box plot method to detect the abnormal value points in it, and distinguish the data of different abnormal patterns based on the association rules. Finally, the advanced particle swarm optimization support vector regression (APSO‐SVR) algorithm is used to repair the data to improve the credibility of the data set. Using actual transformer oil chromatographic monitoring data for testing, the results show that the proposed data processing method can effectively improve the accuracy of oil chromatographic online monitoring data. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
RNA modifications as emerging therapeutic targets
Authors: Cayir Akin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe field of epitranscriptome, posttranscriptional modifications to RNAs, is still growing up and has presented substantial evidences for the role of RNA modifications in diseases. In terms of new drug development, RNA modifications have a great promise for therapy. For example, more than 170 type of modifications exist in various types of RNAs. Regulatory genes and their roles in critical biological process have been identified and they are associated with several diseases. Current data, for example, identification of inhibitors targeting RNA modifications regulatory genes, strongly support the idea that RNA modifications have potential as emerging therapeutic targets. Therefore, in this review, RNA modifications and regulatory genes were comprehensively documented in terms of drug development by summarizing the findings from previous studies. It was discussed how RNA modifications or regulatory genes can be targeted by altering molecular mechanisms.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
The Global Diffusion of Work-Injury Insurance: The Role of Spatial Networks and Nation Building
Authors: Breznau Nate , Lanver Felix 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWork-injury law often marks the beginning of the modern welfare state and as we argue this type of insurance is particularly important to nation-state building: it placates myriad social groups needs and demands while binding them symbiotically with the state. We analyze any first laws and the first instance of social insurance as outcomes in 151 states (1880–2010). Our network diffusion and event history models reveal that spatial proximity and democratization are key predictors of first laws. However, nation-state formation and trade density are additional predictors of social insurance in particular. We conclude with implications of these findings for understanding nation-building within global networks.
Semi-smooth Points in Some Classical Function Spaces
Authors: Derȩgowska Beata , Gryszka Beata , Gryszka Karol , Wójcik Paweł 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe investigations of the smooth points in the spaces of continuous function were started by Banach in 1932 considering function space $$\mathcal {C}(\Omega )$$

C
(
Ω
)

. Singer and Sundaresan extended the result of Banach to the space of vector valued continuous functions $$\mathcal {C}(\mathcal {T},E)$$

C
(
T
,
E
)

, where $$\mathcal {T}$$
T
is a compact metric space. The aim of this paper is to present a description of semi-smooth points in spaces of continuous functions $$\mathcal {C}_0(\mathcal {T},E)$$

C
0

(
T
,
E
)

(instead of smooth points). Moreover, we also find necessary and sufficient condition for semi-smoothness in the general case.
Diabetes in der Schwangerschaft: Strategien inklusive Bewegungsprogramme
Authors: Martin Marina , Vogt Claudia , Quack Lötscher Katharina 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungBei etwa jeder neunten Schwangeren wird im Verlauf der Schwangerschaft ein Gestationsdiabetes diagnostiziert. Das Screeningprogramm gehört zur GCP („good clinical practice“) und wird weit verbreitet angewandt. Nach der Diagnose sind viele Frauen verunsichert und sind dankbar für Instruktionen, da sie beim Gestationsdiabetes vieles selbst beeinflussen können. Im Beitrag werden die möglichen Interventionen vorgestellt.
Baldwin versus Cecchini revisited: the growth impact of the European Single Market
Authors: Lehtimäki Jonne , Sondermann David 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe European Single Market created a common market for millions of Europeans. However, 30 years after its introduction, it appears that the benefits of the common European project are occasionally being questioned at least by some parts of the population. Others, by contrast, strive for deeper integration. Against this background, we empirically gauge the growth effect that arose from the Single Market. Using the synthetic control method, we establish the growth premium for the Single Market overall and for its founding members. Broadly in line with the predictions made by Richard Baldwin at the onset of the Single Market project, we find significantly higher real GDP per capita for the overall Single Market area of around 12–22 %. In comparison, smaller EU Member States seem to have benefited somewhat more compared to larger countries. The estimated growth effects underline the case for further deepening and broadening the Single Market where possible.
Can the need for soft tissue release in total knee replacement be predicted pre-operatively? A study based on surgical navigation
Authors: Hernandez-Vaquero Daniel , Noriega-Fernandez Alfonso , Roncero-Gonzalez Sergio , Ruete-Gil Gorka Luis , Fernandez-Carreira Jose Manuel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction
In complex and deformed knees, soft tissue release (STR) is required to obtain symmetry in the femorotibial gap. The objective of this study was to attempt to predict the need for soft tissue release using surgical navigation in total knee replacement (TKR).

Methods
Prospective and non-randomized study. One hundred thirty knees. At the start of navigation, an attempt was made to correct the femorotibial mechanical axis by applying force to the medial or lateral side of the knee (varus-valgus stress angle test). A gap balanced technique with computer-assisted surgery (CAS) was performed in all cases. The ligaments were tensioned, and using CAS visualization and control, progressive STR was performed in the medial or lateral side until a symmetry of the femorotibial gap was achieved.

Results
Eighty-two patients had a varus axis ≥ 3° and 38 had a valgus axis (P < 0.001). STR was performed under navigation control in 38.5% of cases, lateral release (LR) in 12 cases, and medial release (MR) in 38 cases. After performing the varus-valgus stress angle test (VVSAT), the axis of 0° could be restored at some point during the manoeuvre in 28 cases. STR was required in 44.6% of varus cases and 27% of valgus cases (P = 0.05). A significant relationship was found between the previous deformity and the need for MR (P < 0.001) or LR (P = 0.001). STR was more common in male patients (P = 0.002) and as obesity increased.

Conclusion
This study shows that pre-operative factors favouring the need to perform STR in a TKR implant can be defined.
The Role of HbA1c as a Positive Perioperative Predictor of Surgical Site and Other Postoperative Infections: An Explorative Analysis in Patients Undergoing Minor to Major Surgery
Authors: Kopp Lugli Andrea , Marti Walter R. , Salm Lilian , Mujagic Edin , Bundi Marcel , von Strauss Marco , Bucheli Laffer Evelin , Landin Julia , Fux Christoph A. , Coslovsky Michael , Weber Walter Paul , Kindler Christoph 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) inhere impaired peripheral insulin action leading to higher perioperative morbidity and mortality rates, with hospital‐acquired infections being one important complication. This post hoc, observational study aimed to analyze the impact of surgical and metabolic stress as defined by the surrogate marker hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), in relation to self‐reported DM2, on perioperative infection rates in a subcohort of the Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Trial population.MethodsAll patients of the SSI study were screened for HbA1c levels measured perioperatively for elective or emergency surgery and classified according to the American Diabetes Association HbA1c cutoff values. SSI and nosocomial infections, self‐reported state of DM2 and type of surgery (minor, major) were assessed.ResultsHbA1c levels were measured in 139 of 5175 patients (2.7%) of the complete SSI study group. Seventy patients (50.4%) self‐reported DM2, while 69 (49.6%) self‐reported to be non‐diabetic. HbA1c levels indicating pre‐diabetes were found in 48 patients (34.5%) and diabetic state in 64 patients (46%). Forty‐five patients of the group self‐reporting no diabetes (65.2%) were previously unaware of their metabolic derangement (35 pre‐diabetic and 10 diabetic). Eighteen infections were detected. Most infections (17 of 18 events) were found in patients with HbA1c levels indicating pre‐/diabetic state. The odds for an infection was 3.9‐fold (95% CI 1.4 to 11.3) higher for patients undergoing major compared to minor interventions. The highest percentage of infections (38.5%) was found in the group of patients with an undiagnosed pre‐/diabetic state undergoing major surgery.ConclusionsThese results encourage investment in further studies evaluating a more generous and specific use of HbA1c screening in patients without self‐reported diabetes undergoing major surgery.Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT 01790529
Diagnostic accuracy of color-coded virtual noncalcium reconstructions derived from portal venous phase dual-energy CT in the assessment of lumbar disk herniation
Authors: Koch Vitali , Albrecht Moritz H. , Gruenewald Leon D. , Yel Ibrahim , Eichler Katrin , Gruber-Rouh Tatjana , Hammerstingl Renate M. , Burck Iris , Wichmann Julian L. , Alizadeh Leona S. , Vogl Thomas J. , Lenga Lukas , Mader Christoph , Martin Simon S. , Mazziotti Silvio , D’Angelo Tommaso , Booz Christian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of color-coded contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT virtual noncalcium (VNCa) reconstructions for the assessment of lumbar disk herniation compared to unenhanced VNCa imaging.

Methods
A total of 91 patients were retrospectively evaluated (65 years ± 16; 43 women) who had undergone third-generation dual-source dual-energy CT and 3.0-T MRI within an examination interval up to 3 weeks between November 2019 and December 2020. Eight weeks after assessing unenhanced color-coded VNCa reconstructions for the presence and degree of lumbar disk herniation, corresponding contrast-enhanced portal venous phase color-coded VNCa reconstructions were independently analyzed by the same five radiologists. MRI series were additionally analyzed by one highly experienced musculoskeletal radiologist and served as reference standard.

Results
MRI depicted 210 herniated lumbar disks in 91 patients. VNCa reconstructions derived from contrast-enhanced CT scans showed similar high overall sensitivity (93% vs 95%), specificity (94% vs 95%), and accuracy (94% vs 95%) for the assessment of lumbar disk herniation compared to unenhanced VNCa images (all p > .05). Interrater agreement in VNCa imaging was excellent for both, unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT (κ = 0.84 vs κ = 0.86; p > .05). Moreover, ratings for diagnostic confidence, image quality, and noise differed not significantly between unenhanced and contrast-enhanced VNCa series (all p > .05).

Conclusions
Color-coded VNCa reconstructions derived from contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT yield similar diagnostic accuracy for the depiction of lumbar disk herniation compared to unenhanced VNCa imaging and therefore may improve opportunistic retrospective lumbar disk herniation assessment, particularly in case of staging CT examinations.

Key Points
• Color-coded dual-source dual-energy CT virtual noncalcium (VNCa) reconstructions derived from portal venous phase yield similar high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of lumbar disk herniation compared to unenhanced VNCa CT series (94% vs 95%) with MRI serving as a standard of reference.
• Diagnostic confidence, image quality, and noise levels differ not significantly between unenhanced and contrast-enhanced portal venous phase VNCa dual-energy CT series.
• Dual-source dual-energy CT might have the potential to improve opportunistic retrospective lumbar disk herniation assessment in CT examinations performed for other indications through reconstruction of VNCa images.
Aligning nutrient profiling with dietary guidelines: modifying the Nutri-Score algorithm to include whole grains
Authors: Kissock Katrina R. , Vieux Florent , Mathias Kevin C. , Drewnowski Adam , Seal Chris J. , Masset Gabriel , Smith Jessica , Mejborn Heddie , McKeown Nicola M. , Beck Eleanor J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Whole grains, generally recognised as healthy choices, are not included in most nutrient profiling systems. We tested modifications to the Nutri-Score algorithm to determine whether including whole grains would provide an improved measure of food, and overall diet quality.

Methods
The whole-grain content of food, with a minimum cut-point of 25%, was added to the algorithm, following similar methods used to score other health-promoting components such as fibre. We applied and compared the original and the modified Nutri-Score to food composition and dietary intake data from Australia, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Results
At the food level, correlations between whole-grain content and food nutritional score were strengthened using the modified algorithm in Australian data, but less so for the other countries. Improvements were greater in grain-specific food groups. The largest shift in Nutri-Score class was from B to A (best score). At the dietary intake level, whole-diet nutritional scores for individuals were calculated and compared against population-specific diet-quality scores. With modifications, correlations with diet-quality scores were improved slightly, suggesting that the modified score better aligns with national dietary guidelines. An inverse linear relationship between whole-diet nutritional score and whole-grain intake was evident, particularly with modifications (lower whole-diet nutritional score indicative of better diet quality).

Conclusion
Including a whole-grain component in the Nutri-Score algorithm is justified to align with dietary guidelines and better reflect whole grain as a contributor to improved dietary quality. Further research is required to test alternative algorithms and potentially other nutrient profiling systems.
Association between baseline insulin resistance and psoriasis incidence: the Women’s Health Initiative
Authors: Chan Alfred A. , Li Houmin , Li Wendy , Pan Kathy , Yee Jennifer K. , Chlebowski Rowan T. , Lee Delphine J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSmall-scale studies offer conflicting evidence regarding the relationship/association between psoriasis and insulin resistance by HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance). The purpose of this study was to assess the association between baseline HOMA-IR and psoriasis incidence in a large-scale longitudinal cohort of postmenopausal women. The analysis included 21,789 postmenopausal women from the Women’s Health Initiative. Psoriasis diagnosis was defined by fee-for-service Medicare ICD-9-CM codes assigned by dermatologists or rheumatologists, and a 2-year lookback period to exclude prevalent cases. Baseline HOMA-IR was calculated using the updated HOMA2 model. Hazard rates from the Cox regression models were stratified by age (10-year intervals), on WHI component (Clinical Trial or Observational Study), and on randomization status within each of the WHI clinical trials. The complete model also adjusted for ethnicity, waist–hip-ratio, and smoking and alcohol habits. Among participants free of psoriasis at entry, those with high baseline HOMA-IR (≥ 2) compared to low (< 1.4) had significantly higher risk for psoriasis over 21-year cumulative follow-up (HR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.08–1.79, P-trend: 0.011). In postmenopausal women, higher baseline HOMA-IR levels were significantly associated with higher incidence of psoriasis over 21-year cumulative follow-up. Results from this time-to-event analysis indicate that insulin resistance can precede and is associated with an increased risk of psoriasis. Study is limited by Medicare diagnostic code accuracy and cohort age.