bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of Calretinin in L5a Impairs the Formation of the Barrel Cortex Leading to Abnormal Behaviors
Authors: Su Mingzhao , Liu Junhua , Yu Baocong , Zhou Kaixing , Sun Congli , Yang Mengjie , Zhao Chunjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The rodent whisker-barrel cortex system has been established as an ideal model for studying sensory information integration. The barrel cortex consists of barrel and septa columns that receive information input from the lemniscal and paralemniscal pathways, respectively. L5a is involved in both barrel and septa circuits and play a key role in information integration. However, the role of L5a in the development of the barrel cortex remains unclear. Previously, we found that Calretinin is dynamically expressed in L5a. In this study, we analyzed Cr KO mice and found that the dendritic complexity and length of L5a pyramidal neurons were significantly decreased after Cr ablation. The membrane excitability and excitatory synaptic transmission of L5a neurons were increased. Consequently, the organization of the barrels was impaired. Moreover, L4 spiny stellate cells were not able to properly gather, leading to abnormal formation of barrel walls as the ratio of barrel/septum size obviously decreased. Cr KO mice exhibited deficits in exploratory and whisker-associated tactile behaviors as well as social novelty preference. Our study expands our knowledge of L5a pyramidal neurons in the formation of barrel walls and deepens the understanding of the development of the whisker-barrel cortex system.
A New Three-Dimensional Mobile Magnetic Melt Spinning Device
Authors: Zhang Kai , Zhao Wu , Liu Qingjie , Yu Miao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The size and morphology of nanofibers directly determine their application scope and performance, while regular patterned fibers further demonstrate their superior performance in the field of sensors and biomaterials. Melt electrospinning enables controlled deposition of fibers and is currently one of the most important means of preparing patterned fibers. However, due to the existence of high-voltage electric field, melt electrospinning has safety problems such as partial discharge and electric field breakdown, coupled with the charge rejection on the fiber surface, which seriously affects the positioning deposition of fibers and makes it difficult to obtain regular patterned fibers, greatly limiting the application areas and application effects of patterned fibers. Therefore, the improvement and innovation of the spinning process is particularly urgent. Based on material-field model and contradiction matrix of TRIZ theory, the problems of melt electrospinning device are systematically analyzed. The technical conflicts are solved by the inventive principles. A three-dimensional mobile magnetic melt spinning device model is constructed, a magnetic spinning test prototype is developed, and the prototype performance and influencing factors are studied by fiber morphology. The results show the following: (1) Replacing electrostatic fields with permanent magnetic fields can fundamentally avoid safety hazards such as electric field breakdown. (2) The magnetic field force on the molten polymer fluid can generate enough stretching force to overcome the surface tension and form fibers. (3) The fibers are deposited without a whipping instability phase similar to the electrospinning process, allowing easy preparation of regular patterned fibers. (4) The planar motion of the collector creates additional stretching effect on the fibers, which can further reduce the fiber diameter. (5) In magnetic spinning, no external high-voltage power supply is required, enabling the portability of the device. The results of this paper can provide a new method for preparing nanofibers with patterned morphology.
Real-time and on-line monitoring of ethanol fermentation process by viable cell sensor and electronic nose
Authors: Feng Yao , Tian Xiwei , Chen Yang , Wang Zeyu , Xia Jianye , Qian Jiangchao , Zhuang Yingping , Chu Ju 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this study, an introduction of viable cell sensor and electronic nose into ethanol fermentation was investigated, which could be used to real-time and on-line monitor the amount of living cells and product content. Compared to the conventional off-line biomass determination, the capacitance value exhibited a completely consistent trend with colony forming units, indicating that the capacitance value could reflect the living cells in the fermentation broth. On the other hand, in comparison to the results of off-line determination by high performance liquid chromatography, the ethanol concentration measured by electronic nose presented an excellent consistency, so as to realize the on-line monitoring during the whole process. On this basis, a dynamic feeding strategy of glucose guided by the changes of living cells and ethanol content was developed. And consequently, the ethanol concentration, productivity and yield enhanced by 15.4%, 15.9% and 9.0%, respectively. The advanced sensors adopted herein to monitor the key parameters of ethanol fermentation process could be readily extended to an industrial scale and other similar fermentation processes.
Hippocampal connectivity with retrosplenial cortex drives neocortical tau accumulation and memory function
Authors: Ziontz Jacob , Adams Jenna , Harrison Theresa , Baker Suzanne , Jagust William 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The mechanisms underlying accumulation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related tau pathology outside of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in older adults are unknown but crucial to understanding cognitive decline. Neural connectivity has recently been implicated in the propagation of tau in humans, consistent with data from animal studies. Using resting state functional connectivity and tau PET imaging, we examined MTL structures involved in medial parietal tau deposition in cognitively normal older adults. Functional connectivity between retrosplenial cortex and hippocampus, but not entorhinal cortex, correlated with tau in medial parietal lobe. Further, hippocampal-retrosplenial connectivity strength modulated the correlation between MTL and medial parietal lobe tau, as well as between medial parietal tau and episodic memory. Medial parietal tau spread thus reflects patterns of neural connectivity that represent a critical step in the evolution of cognitive dysfunction in aging and AD.
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Α Is Dispensable for Many Danger-related Motivational Responses
Authors: Zajdel Joanna , Sköld Johan , Jaarola Maarit , Singh Anand Kumar , Engblom David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) expressing neurons in the parabrachial nucleus have been shown to encode danger. Through projections to the amygdala and other forebrain structures, they regulate food intake and trigger adaptive behaviors in response to threats like inflammation, intoxication, tumors and pain. Despite the fact that this danger-encoding neuronal population has been defined based on its CGRP expression, it is not clear if CGRP is critical for its function. To examine the role of CGRP in danger-related motivational responses, we used male and female mice lacking αCGRP, which is the main form of CGRP in the brain. These mice had no, or only very weak, CGRP expression in the parabrachial nucleus and its projections to the amygdala. Despite this, they displayed normal danger-related responses such as inflammation-induced anorexia and conditioned taste aversion. Further, mice lacking αCGRP showed normal nociceptive responses, intact aversion to thermal pain and close to normal pain-induced escape behavior. Collectively, our findings suggest that αCGRP is not necessary for short term danger-encoding and threat-related responses but that the parabrachial CGRP expressing neurons use other transmitters for these functions.
Bilateral Terrible Triad Elbow the rare injury, an Operative challenge:&nbsp;A case report
Authors: Attarde Dheeraj somanath , Patil Atul , Sancheti Parag , Shyam Ashok 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Terrible triad of the elbow are a part of rare complex injury around elbow and consists of posterior dislocation combined with the fractures of the radial head and coronoid process of the ulna. Variable outcome has been reported in such injuries, we report a case of a 44-year-old man presenting with bilateral terrible triad of the elbow joints injured due to fall from height. Our surgical procedure included fixation of the radial head through a lateral approach on one side and excision of fractured fragment on another along with lateral collateral ligament (LCL) repair bilaterally, also fixation of the coronoid process and repair of medial collateral ligament (MCL) done on both sides through an anteromedial incision. Bone union was achieved 3 months after surgery. Patient resumed his routine activities at end of 5 months with good functional outcome.
First case of COVID-19 infection in a adult patient with Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome
Authors: Piazza Isabelle , Ferrero Paolo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, the features of the syndrome are: chondral and ectodermal dysplasia characterized by short ribs, polydactyly, growth retardation resulting in dwarfism, teeth and craniofacial abnormalities and heart defects (mostly endocardial cushions and atrial septal defects). Case presentation: We describe the first case of COVID-19 infection in a 24-years-old girl, diagnosed with EVC syndrome. The patient suffered only from a mild illness, she remained stable with normal saturation without need of neither respiratory support nor specific therapy and she was rapidly discharged.Conclusions: This case appraises the pathophiosiologic interplay between different specific prognostic variable in a syndromic patient with congenital heart disease and COVID-19.
Timber Identification in the Taxonomically Challenging Sapotaceae Family
Authors: Deklerck Victor , Price Erin , Abeele Samuel Vanden , Liévens Kévin , Espinoza Edgard , Beeckman Hans 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The illegal timber trade is still rampant so robust identification and tracking techniques are necessary to combat this wildlife crime. To follow and enforce timber import laws and adjoining timber species identification, the identity of the botanical species must be well defined. Since the Sapotaceae family is known as a taxonomically challenging family, we focus in this study on the four most valuable Sapotaceae timber species from tropical Africa: Autranella congolensis (De Wild.) A.Chev., Baillonella toxisperma Pierre, Tieghemella africana Pierre and Tieghemella heckelii (A.Chev.) Pierre ex Dubard. The wood anatomical characteristic fiber lumen fraction and Direct Analysis in Real Time – Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (DART-TOFMS) are used to differentiate between the four species and to make inferences on the species delineation and taxonomic identity. Based on visual assessment of the box-plots for the fiber lumen fraction measurements, two groups can be discerned: (1) A. congolensis and B. toxisperma, and (2) T. africana and T. heckelii. In addition, all Mann-Whitney U comparisons and the differences in underlying distributions (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) for the fiber lumen fraction measurements were significant between all species. However, when permutating the data within those two groups, significant differences were still found. This could indicate that the differences based on the fiber lumen fraction are more nuanced. The DART-TOFMS analysis shows that A. congolensis and B. toxisperma have distinct chemotypes, while T. heckelii and T. africana have remarkably similar chemotypes. Our results provide support for the possibility that T. africana and T. heckelii are more closely related than previously considered. A taxonomic study would be beneficial to assess the species limits of T. heckelii and T. africana, as our results suggest they could be conspecific. This would have important implications towards the timber trade and adjoining timber species identification, for the Tieghemella species, and their conservation.
Formation pathways of proteins in space
Authors: Krasnokutskiy Sergiy , Chuang Ko-Ju , Jaeger Cornelia , Ueberschaar Nico , Henning Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Until now, experiments demonstrated the possible formation of relatively small prebiotic molecules under typical space conditions. We demonstrated experimentally that condensation of atomic carbon on the surface of cold solid particles (cosmic dust) leads to the formation of monomeric fragments of polyglycine. These fragments polymerize effectively producing polypeptides. The chemistry involves three of the most common species (CO, C, and NH3) present in star-forming molecular clouds. It proceeds via a novel pathway that skips the stage of amino acids formation in protein synthesis and is effective even at low temperatures without irradiation or presence of water. Therefore, the amount of proteins formed in space through this process could be quite substantial. The delivery of proteins to rocky planets in the habitable zone might be an important element for the origin of life.
Myocardial deformation in patients with a single left ventricle using 2D cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking: a case-control study
Authors: Strodka Fabian , Logoteta Jana , Schuwerk Roman , Ravesh Mona Salehi , Gabbert Dominik Daniel , Uebing Anselm Sebastian , Krupickova Sylvia , Voges Inga 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Ventricular dysfunction is a well-known complication in single ventricle patients in Fontan circulation. As studies exclusively examining patients with a single left ventricle (SLV) are sparse, we assessed left ventricular (LV) function in SLV patients by using 2D-cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) feature tracking (2D-CMR-FT) and 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).
Methods
54 SLV patients (11.4, 3.1–38.1 years) and 35 age-matched controls (12.3, 6.3–25.8 years) were included. LV global longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain (GLS, GCS, GRS) and strain rate (GLSR, GCSR, GRSR) were measured using 2D-CMR-FT. LV volumes, ejection fraction (LVEF) and mass were determined from short axis images. 2D-STE was applied in patients to measure peak systolic GLS and GLSR. In a subgroup analysis, we compared double inlet left ventricle (DILV) with tricuspid atresia (TA) patients.
Results
The population consisted of 19 DILV patients, 24 TA patients and 11 patients with diverse diagnoses. 52 patients were in NYHA class I and 2 patients were in class II. Median LVEF in patients was lower compared to controls (55.6% vs. 61.2%, p = 0.0001). 2D-CMR-FT demonstrated reduced GLS, GCS and GCSR values in patients compared to controls. LVEF correlated with GS values in patients (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between GLS values from 2D-CMR-FT and 2D-STE in the patient group. LVEF, LV volumes, GS and GSR were not significantly different between DILV and TA patients.
Conclusion
Although most SLV patients had a preserved EF, our results suggest that, LV deformation and function may behave differently in SLV patients compared to healthy subjects.
The New Compound Heterozygous Mutation of NUP Nephropathy: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Pei Yuxin , Rong Liping , Jiang Mengjie , Lin Zhilang , Cheng Cheng , Chen Lizhi , Jiang Xiaoyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: NUP nephropathy is identified as a rare monogenic cause of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome recently. To explore the relationship between NUP mutation and renal disorders, we provide two cases and a literature review of the genotypical and phenotypical features in patients with NUP nephropathy.Results: We reported two patients with newly diagnosed NUP nephropathy who carried a compound heterozygous mutations in NUP107 and NUP93 gene respectively. Both patients were diagnosed steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and progressed to end-stage renal disease in childhood. While the mutation c.1537+1G>A in NUP93 gene was previously described, the mutations c.460A>G and c.1085C>T in NUP107 gene and c.1472A>T in NUP93 gene were novel. We also summarized the phenotypic and genetic spectrum of NUP nephropathy in eighty-six reported patients who carried 50 different mutations in 6 NUP genes (NUP107, NUP93, NUP205, NUP85, NUP133, NUP160). The majority of them were Asians (66/86, 76.7%). The mutation c.2492A>C and c.1079-1083del in NUP107 had been identified as the founder mutations in East Asian[1-3], while c.1772G>T and c.1886A>G in NUP93 might be the founder mutations in Western Europe and Turkish respectively. Nephrotic syndrome was the most common renal manifestation (68/86, 79.1%). Although the renal prognosis was poor that 80.8% (59/73) of them developed end-stage renal disease within the first two decades, the outcome of renal transplantation in NUP nephropathy is better than patients with other steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most prevalent renal biopsy pathologic type (56/65, 86.1%). Various extra-renal manifestations were found in 44.8% (26/58) of patients. Neurological involvement was the most common extra-renal presentation (22/26, 84.6%), including microcephaly (13/22, 59.1%), intellectual disability (12/22, 54.5%), and global developmental delay (10/22, 45.5%). Diverse abnormalities of the facial appearance (8/26, 30.8%), short stature (5/26, 19.2%),and contain convergent strabismus (4/26, 15.4%) had also been reported. There are significant differences in extra-renal manifestations between different genomics. Conclusions: The renal manifestation of NUP nephropathy is highly consistent that most patients suffered early-onset SRNS with FSGS. More than half of the patients had extra-renal symptom concomitantly. Asians showed potential susceptibility to NUP nephropathy. Despite the limited reports, some genotype-phenotype correlations have been gradually revealed.
A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Control Trial to Evaluate the Implementation and Effectiveness of Optimized Quality-Improvement Initiatives in Improving Quality of Care for Acute Cardiac Events in Response to the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Zhou Shuduo , Dong Xuejie , Liu Fangjing , Zhang Yan , Yue Dahai , Zhou Qiang , Jin Yinzi , Zheng Zhi-Jie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The National Chest Pain Center Accreditation Program (CHANGE) is the first hospital-based, multifaceted, nationwide quality improvement (QI) initiative, to monitor and improve quality of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care in China. The QI initiatives, as implementation strategies, include a bundle of evidence-based interventions adapted for implementation in China. During the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), fear of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, national lockdowns, and altered health care priorities have highlighted the program’s importance in improving STEMI care quality. This study aims to minimize the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of STEMI care, by developing interventions that optimize the QI initiatives, implementing and evaluating the optimized QI initiatives, and developing scale-up activities of the optimized QI initiatives in response to COVID-19 and other public health emergencies.Methods: A stepped wedge cluster randomized control trial will be conducted in three selected cities of China: Wuhan, Suzhou, and Shenzhen. Two districts have been randomly selected in each city, yielding a total of 24 registered hospitals. This study will conduct a rollout in these hospitals every 3 months. The 24 hospitals will be randomly assigned to four clusters, and each cluster will commence the intervention (optimized QI initiatives) at one of the four steps. We will conduct hospital-based assessments, questionnaire surveys among health care providers, community-based household surveys, and key informant interviews during the trial. All outcome measures will be organized using the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance) framework, including implementation outcomes, service outcomes (e.g., treatment time), and patient outcomes (e.g., in-hospital mortality and 1-year complication). The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research framework will be used to identify factors that influence implementation of the optimized QI interventions.Discussion: The study findings could be translated into a systematic solution to implementing QI initiatives in response to COVID-19 and future potential major public health emergencies. Such actionable knowledge is critical for implementors of scale-up activities in low- and middle-income settings.Trial registration: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR 2100043319), registered 10 February 2021
The interaction between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66met polymorphism and dietary indices, The Healthy Eating Index (HEI), The Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), and Phytochemical index (PI), on anthropometric indices, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers in patient with type2 diabetes
Authors: Koohdani Fariba , Naeini Zeinab , Aghazadeh Negin , Karimi Elmira , Esmaeily Zahra , Abaj Faezeh , Rafiee Masoumeh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Although many studies suggest an association between BDNF Val66Met with eating disorders and obesity especially in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the interaction between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and diet quality indices in diabetic patients have not been investigated yet. The current study was aimed to evaluate the interaction between the diet quality indices including Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), Phytochemical Index (PI) and BDNF Val66Mat (rs6265) polymorphism on markers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in T2DM patients.Methods: This current cross-sectional study was conducted on 634 Iranian T2DM patients aged 35–65 years of both genders were randomly recruited. Dietary intakes was estimated by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 148 food items. All participants were categorized into three categories, based on DQI, HEI, and PI scores. The interactions were tested using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in adjusted and unadjusted models.Results: There were significant gene-diet interactions between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and HEI, DQI, and PI scores in modulating body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) values. Our results showed that higher scores for all diet-quality indices were significantly associated with a lower BMI and WC values after adjustment (P Interactions < 0.05). We also observed a significant interaction between the DQI scores and Val66Met polymorphism on level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p-interaction= 0.01). The highest quartile of DQI was associated with elevated level of SOD in the Val/Met and Met/Met genotype group. Moreover, the interaction between the DQI scores and Val66Met polymorphism on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) tended to be significant.Conclusions: Higher scores for all diet-quality indices were significantly associated with a lower BMI and WC values. There were significant differences for PTX and PGF2A among HEI tertiles. The interaction between the polymorphism and DQI on TAC and SOD levels were significant.