bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Storm-Enhanced Density (SED) on Ion Upflow Fluxes During Geomagnetic Storm
Authors: Zou Shasha , Ren Jiaen , Wang Zihan , Sun Hu , Chen Yang 
Published: September 2021

The impact of the dynamic evolution of the Storm-Enhanced Density (SED) on the upward ion fluxes during the March 06, 2016 geomagnetic storm is studied using comprehensive multi-scale datasets. This storm was powered by a Corotating Interaction Region (CIR), and the minimum Sym-H reached ∼−110 nT. During the ionospheric positive storm phase, the SED formed and the associated plume and polar cap patches occasionally drifted anti-sunward across the polar cap. When these high-density structures encountered positive vertical flows, large ion upward fluxes were produced, with the largest upward flux reaching 3 × 1014 m−2s−1. These upflows were either the type-1 ion upflow associated with fast flow channels, such as the subauroral polarization stream (SAPS) channel, or the type-2 ion upflow due to soft particle precipitations in the cusp region. The total SED-associated upflow flux in the dayside cusp can be comparable to the total upflow flux in the nightside auroral zone despite the much smaller cusp area compared with the auroral zone. During the ionospheric negative storm phase, the ionospheric densities within the SED and plume decreased significantly and thus led to largely reduced upward fluxes. This event analysis demonstrates the critical role of the ionospheric high-density structures in creating large ion upward fluxes. It also suggests that the dynamic processes in the coupled ionosphere-thermosphere system and the resulting state of the ionospheric storm are crucial for understanding the temporal and spatial variations of ion upflow fluxes and thus should be incorporated into coupled geospace models for improving our holistic understanding of the role of ionospheric plasma in the geospace system.
A Survey of Priority Livestock Diseases and Laboratory Diagnostic Needs of Animal Health Professionals and Farmers in Uganda
Authors: Vudriko Patrick , Ekiri Abel B. , Endacott Isabella , Williams Sitira , Gityamwi Nyangi , Byaruhanga Joseph , Alafiatayo Ruth , Mijten Erik , Tweyongyere Robert , Varga Gabriel , Cook Alasdair J. C. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Despite the investments made in veterinary diagnostic laboratory service delivery in Uganda, the scope and level of utilization remains low. This study aimed to determine the priority livestock diseases for which farmers and animal health professionals require veterinary diagnostic laboratory services, document the perceptions and opinions of key stakeholders on veterinary diagnostic laboratory services, and determine the factors that influence the delivery and utilization of animal disease diagnostic services in Uganda.Methods: A qualitative study approach involving a survey and key informant interviews was used to collect relevant data from four stakeholder groups: animal health workers, laboratory technologists and technicians, farmers, and key informants. The survey data were exported to excel, and descriptive statistics performed. The key informant interview recordings were transcribed, and thematic analysis performed.Results: The most reported diseases and conditions for which diagnostic services were needed were hemoparasites (including East Coast fever, anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and trypanosomosis), viral (including Foot and mouth disease, lumpy skin disease, rift valley fever, and papillomatosis), bacteria (including brucellosis, colibacillosis, anthrax, leptospirosis, and paratuberculosis) and protozoa diseases (coccidiosis), endoparasites (helminths), and mastitis. The most common diagnostic laboratory tests requested by clients, but laboratories were unable to provide included: rapid tests for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, Foot and mouth disease, Newcastle disease, acaricide analysis, culture and antimicrobial sensitivity test, serology, and complete blood count. The most frequently reported challenges to providing diagnostic laboratory services were poor or lack of relevant equipment, insufficient or lack of supplies and reagents, high cost of reagents, inadequate or lack of laboratory staff to perform tests, and inadequate training of laboratory staff.Conclusions: This study highlighted the need to improve provision of laboratory diagnostic services to meet the prioritized diagnostic needs of farmers and animal health professionals. Increased intersectoral engagement and funding support from the private, industry, and government sectors is necessary to help address the observed challenges to provision of diagnostic laboratory services, including equipping of the laboratories, provision of supplies, and hiring and training of laboratory staff. Finally, the findings also suggest that the education of farmers and animal health workers on the value and benefits of laboratory diagnostic services may contribute to increase in sample submission and subsequent demand for diagnostic laboratory services.
Characteristics Associated with Variation in Corticosteroid Exposure in Children with Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: Results from a Canadian Longitudinal Study
Authors: Rodriguez-Lopez Sara , Chanchlani Rahul , Dart Allison B. , Morgan Catherine J. , Lapeyraque Anne-Laure , Tee James B. , Brobbey Anita , Perinpanayagam Maneka A. , Samuel Susan , Nettel-Aguirre Alberto 
Published: September 2021

Key Points

Variability exists in regards to corticosteroid prescriptions for children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome across Canadian sites.Children’s age and ethnicity are associated with average corticosteroid dose and duration of therapy.Variation observed in corticosteroid prescriptions could be attributed to unmeasured differences between patients.

Background
Variation in dose and duration of corticosteroids for childhood-onset steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome occurs worldwide, likely reflecting the evolving evidence on optimal dosing and variable severity of the disease observed between patients. We conducted a study to determine the associations between site, physician, and patient factors, and average daily corticosteroid dose and duration of therapy.

Methods
Data were derived from the Canadian Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome (CHILDNEPH) Project, an observational longitudinal study from 2013 to 2019 of children with nephrotic syndrome involving pediatric nephrologists in 11 sites across Canada. The primary outcome was average daily corticosteroid dose prescribed per episode of proteinuria, reported as mg/m2 prednisone equivalents. Secondary outcome was duration of treatment for each episode of proteinuria in days. Exposure variables were categorized into site-, physician-, and patient-level variables.

Results
In total, 328 children, median age at enrollment of 4.3 years old (interquartile range [IQR], 3.6), participated and were followed for a median time of 2.62 years (IQR, 2.6). The observed variability in average daily corticosteroid dose and in duration of therapy was mostly attributed to the site where the patient was treated. Accounting for between patient, physician, and site differences, average daily corticosteroid dose decreased with increasing age (beta coefficient, −0.07; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], −0.09 to −0.05], P<0.001). African and Indigenous ethnicity was associated with longer treatment duration compared with White patients (beta coefficient: African, 42.29, 95% CI, 7.85 to 76.73, P=0.02; Indigenous, 29.65, 95% CI, 2.79 to 56.52, P=0.03).

Conclusions
We found practice variation with respect to corticosteroid prescriptions across 11 Canadian sites, and that variation is mostly explained at the site level. Age and ethnicity are important factors to be considered, because they are significantly associated with the average corticosteroid dose and duration of therapy.
Partitioning Permutations into Monotone Subsequences
Authors: Wärn David 
Published: September 2021

A permutation is $k$-coverable if it can be partitioned into $k$ monotone subsequences. Barber conjectured that, for any given permutation, if every subsequence of length ${k+2 \choose 2}$ is $k$-coverable then the permutation itself is $k$-coverable. This conjecture, if true, would be best possible.
Our aim in this paper is to disprove this conjecture for all $k \geqslant 3$. In fact, we show that for any $k$ there are permutations such that every subsequence of length at most $(k/6)^{2.46}$ is $k$-coverable while the permutation itself is not.
Örgütsel Prestijin Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Düzeyine Etkisi: Sağlık İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: YILMAZ Yeşim , YÜCELER Aydan 
Published: September 2021

Örgütsel prestij, hem örgüt çalışanlarının hem de müşterilerin üzerinde önemle durduğu konulardan biridir. Bunun en önemli nedenlerinden biri bireyin çalışmakta olduğu örgütü hakkında dış dünyanın düşüncelerine önem vermesidir. Örgütsel prestij çalışanın örgüte bakış açısını etkileyecek bu durumda çalışanın örgüt içindeki davranışlarının şekillenmesinde önemli bir etken olacaktır. Örgütsel özdeşleşme de bu davranışlardan bir tanesidir. Kurum ile çalışanın amaçlarının uyumlaştırılması ve bağlantı duygusunun sağlanması örgütsel özdeşleşmeyi tanımlamaktadır. Bu araştırma örgütsel prestijin örgütsel özdeşleşme üzerinde etkisini belirlemek amacıyla sağlık çalışanlarına uygulanmıştır.
Araştırmanın örneklemini Konya ilinde 5 özel hastanede görev yapan 283 sağlık çalışanı oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında kişisel bilgi formu, Örgütsel Prestij Ölçeği ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde Pearson korelasyon analizi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, bağımsız iki örneklem t testi, ve doğrusal regresyon analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Analizlerde sonuçlar %95’lik güven aralığında, 0,05 (p
Two Bright M Dwarfs Hosting Ultra-Short-Period Super-Earths with Earth-like Compositions*
Authors: Hirano Teruyuki , Livingston John H. , Fukui Akihiko , Narita Norio , Harakawa Hiroki , Ishikawa Hiroyuki Tako , Miyakawa Kohei , Kimura Tadahiro , Nakayama Akifumi , Fujita Naho , Hori Yasunori , Stassun Keivan G. , Bieryla Allyson , Cadieux Charles , Ciardi David R. , Collins Karen A. , Ikoma Masahiro , Vanderburg Andrew , Barclay Thomas , Brasseur C. E. , de Leon Jerome P. , Doty John P. , Doyon René , Esparza-Borges Emma , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Furlan Elise , Gaidos Eric , Gonzales Erica J. , Hodapp Klaus , Howell Steve B. , Isogai Keisuke , Jacobson Shane , Jenkins Jon M. , Jensen Eric L. N. , Kawauchi Kiyoe , Kotani Takayuki , Kudo Tomoyuki , Kurita Seiya , Kurokawa Takashi , Kusakabe Nobuhiko , Kuzuhara Masayuki , Lafrenière David , Latham David W. , Massey Bob , Mori Mayuko , Murgas Felipe , Nishikawa Jun , Nishiumi Taku , Omiya Masashi , Paegert Martin , Palle Enric , Parviainen Hannu , Quinn Samuel N. , Ricker George R. , Schwarz Richard P. , Seager Sara , Tamura Motohide , Tenenbaum Peter , Terada Yuka , Vanderspek Roland K. , Vievard Sébastien , Watanabe Noriharu , Winn Joshua N. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present observations of two bright M dwarfs (TOI-1634 and TOI-1685: J = 9.5–9.6) hosting ultra-short-period (USP) planets identified by the TESS mission. The two stars are similar in temperature, mass, and radius (T
eff ≈ 3500 K, M
⋆ ≈ 0.45–0.46 M
⊙, and R
⋆ ≈ 0.45–0.46 R
⊙), and the planets are both super-Earth size (1.25 R
⊕ < R

p
< 2.0 R
⊕). For both systems, light curves from ground-based photometry exhibit planetary transits, whose depths are consistent with those from the TESS photometry. We also refine the transit ephemerides based on the ground-based photometry, finding the orbital periods of P = 0.9893436 ± 0.0000020 days and P = 0.6691416 ± 0.0000019 days for TOI-1634b and TOI-1685b, respectively. Through intensive radial velocity (RV) observations using the InfraRed Doppler (IRD) instrument on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope, we confirm the planetary nature of the TOIs and measure their masses: 10.14 ± 0.95 M
⊕ and 3.43 ± 0.93 M
⊕ for TOI-1634b and TOI-1685b, respectively, when the observed RVs are fitted with a single-planet circular-orbit model. Combining those with the planet radii of R

p
= 1.749 ± 0.079 R
⊕ (TOI-1634b) and 1.459 ± 0.065 R
⊕ (TOI-1685b), we find that both USP planets have mean densities consistent with an Earth-like internal composition, which is typical for small USP planets. TOI-1634b is currently the most massive USP planet in this category, and it resides near the radius valley, which makes it a benchmark planet in the context of discussing the size limit of rocky planet cores as well as testing the formation scenarios for USP planets. Excess scatter in the RV residuals for TOI-1685 suggests the presence of a possible secondary planet or unknown activity/instrumental noise in the RV data, but further observations are required to check those possibilities.
VOLKS2: A Transient Search and Localization Pipeline for VLBI Observations
Authors: Liu Lei , Xu Zhijun , Yan Zhen , Zheng Weimin , Huang Yidan , Chen Zhong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present VOLKS2, the second release of “VLBI Observation for transient Localization Keen Searcher.” The pipeline aims at transient search in regular VLBI observations as well as detection of single pulses from known sources in dedicated VLBI observations. The underlying method takes the idea of geodetic VLBI data processing, including fringe fitting to maximize the signal power and geodetic VLBI solving for localization. By filtering the candidate signals with multiple windows within a baseline and by cross matching with multiple baselines, RFIs are eliminated effectively. Unlike the station autospectrum-based method, RFI flagging is not required in the VOLKS2 pipeline. EVN observation (EL060) is carried out, so as to verify the pipelines detection efficiency and localization accuracy in the whole FoV. The pipeline is parallelized with MPI and further accelerated with GPU, so as to exploit the hardware resources of modern GPU clusters. We can prove that, with proper optimization, VOLKS2 could achieve comparable performance as autospectrum-based pipelines. All the code and documents are publicly available, in the hope that our pipeline is useful for radio transient studies.
A Quasi-periodic Oscillation in the γ-Ray Emission from the Non-blazar Active Galactic Nucleus PKS 0521-36
Authors: Zhang Haiyun , Yan Dahai , Zhang Pengfei , Yang Shenbang , Zhang Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Long-term γ-ray variability of a non-blazar Active Galactic Nucleus PKS 0521-36 is investigated by using Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) pass 8 data covering from 2008 August to 2021 March. The results show that the histogram of the γ-ray fluxes follows a log-normal distribution. Interestingly, in the analysis of ∼5.8 yr (from MJD 56317–58447) LAT data between two outbursts (occurring during 2012 October and 2019 May respectively), a quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) with a period of ∼1.1 yr (∼5σ of significance) is found in the Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP), the Weighted Wavelet Z-transform, and the REDFIT results. This quasiperiodic signal also appears in the results of Gaussian process modeling the light curve. Therefore, the robustness of the QPO is examined by four different methods. This is the first γ-ray QPO found in a mildly beamed jet. Our results imply that the γ-ray outbursts play an important role in the formation of the γ-ray QPO.
Lessons from the First Multiply Imaged Supernova: Revised Strong-lensing Models for the Galaxy Cluster MACS J1149.5+2223
Authors: Zitrin Adi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present two grid-based lens models for the galaxy cluster MACS J1149.5+2223, concentrating on the properties of the first multiply imaged supernova Refsdal, which first appeared in this cluster as an Einstein cross (images S1–S4) around a cluster galaxy in late 2014, and about a year later as an additional image (SX) in a different image of the supernova (SN) host galaxy. One model is our updated light-traces-mass (LTM) strong-lensing model for this cluster, and the second is a parametric model (dPIEeNFW), generated using the same pipeline but with a different parameterization. Together these two models probe different possible solutions in a relatively self-consistent manner and can be used to examine systematic uncertainties and relevant differences between the two parameterizations. We obtain reasonably similar (agreeing to within ≃1σ–3σ, in most cases) time delays and magnification ratios, with respect to S1, from the two different methods, although the LTM predictions seem to be systematically shorter/smaller for some of the images. Most notably, the time delay [and 95% CI] between the Einstein cross (in particular, image S1), and SX, differs substantially between the parametric method (326 [300–359] days) and the LTM method (224 [198–306] days), which seems to underestimate the true reappearance time. The cause for this systematic difference is unclear at present. We speculate on its possible origin and note that a refined measurement of SN Refsdal’s properties should help to more strongly discriminate between the two solutions, and thus between the two descriptions for the intrinsic shape of the underlying matter distribution. We also discuss the implications of our results for the Hubble constant.
Radial Migration from the Metallicity Gradient of Open Clusters and Outliers
Authors: Zhang Haopeng , Chen Yuqin , Zhao Gang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Radial migration is an important process in the evolution of the Galactic disk. The metallicity gradient of open clusters and its outliers provide an effective way to examine this process. In this work, we compile metallicity, age, and kinematic parameters for 225 open clusters and carry out a quantitative analysis of radial migration via the calculated migration distances. Based on clusters with age <0.5 Gyr, we obtain a present-day metallicity gradient of −0.074 ± 0.007 dex kpc−1. Three sequences are distributed along this gradient, and clusters in the upper, middle, and lower groups are found to be old outward migrators, in situ clusters, and inward migrators, respectively. The migration distance increases with age, but the time when it is most effective is probably less than 3 Gyr. The metallicity gradient breaks at guiding center radius R

g
∼ 11.5 kpc, which is caused by the lack of young open clusters in the outer disk and the presence of old outward migrators in the upper sequence. This shows that this boundary is related to the different effects of radial migration between the inner and outer disks. We also found many special open clusters in and near the outer disk with R > 11 kpc and a steeper metallicity gradient from the inner disk of R

g
< 7 kpc, which tells of a complicated evolution history of the Galactic disk caused by different effects of stellar radial migration.
Veronaea aquatica sp. nov. (Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales, Eurotiomycetes) from submerged bamboo in China
Authors: Chandrasiri Sajini , Liu Yu-lin , Huang Jun-En , Samarakoon Milan , Boonmee Saranyaphat , Calabon Mark , Hu Dian-Ming 
Published: September 2021

Freshwater fungi are highly diverse and ecologically important in freshwater systems. In China, more than 1000 species of freshwater fungi are known. Here, we present a brown-spored hyphomycetes that was collected on a submerged decaying bamboo culm in a forest stream in China.
Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, ITS and TUB2 sequences confirm the placement of our new strain in Veronaea (Herpotrichiellaceae), sister to V. japonica. Veronaea aquatica sp. nov. differs from related taxa V. compacta and V. japonica in having longer conidiophores and cylindrical to pyriform or subclavate conidia with 0–2 septa. Veronaea aquatica also has darker brown hyphae compared to V. japonica. A morphological description and detailed illustrations of V. aquatica are provided.
South Africa's Initiative Towards an Integrated Biodiversity Data Portal
Authors: Ricketts Kiara , Daly Brenda , Ranwashe Fhatani , Lefakane Carol 
Published: September 2021

Biodiversity Advisor, developed by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), is a system that will provide integrated biodiversity information to a wide range of users who will have access to geospatial data, plant and animal species distribution data, ecosystem-level data, literature, images and metadata. It aims to deliver a centralized location with open access to information to enable research, assessment and monitoring; to support policy development; to foster collaboration and advance governance. Data are aggregated from multiple, diverse data partners across South Africa including, CapeNature, the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Iziko South African museum, the National Herbarium of South Africa and the South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity.
This newly developed and integrated system promotes a shift from tactically-based information systems, aimed at delivering products for individual project initiatives to a strategic system that promotes the building of capacity within organisations and networks. It has been developed by integrating SANBI’s existing authoring layers through a service-orientated architecture approach, which enables seamless cross-platform integration. Some of the key authoring layers that will be integrated are, the Botanical Database of Southern Africa (BODATSA), the Zoological Database of Southern Africa (ZODATSA), the Biodiversity Geographic Information System (BGIS) and SANBI's institutional repository (Opus). Biodiversity Advisor will provide users, policy and decision makers, environmental impact practitioners and associated organizations with free access to view, query and download any of South Africa's biodiversity data available on the system, providing them with everything needed to make decisions around conservation and biodiversity planning in South Africa. All sensitive species data, which are those that are vulnerable to collecting, over-exploitation, commercial and/or medicinal use, will be redacted and only granted access upon application.
Biodiversity Advisor will encourage more effective management of data within SANBI, but also encourage the sharing of data by the biodiversity community to provide integrated products and services, which are needed to address complex environmental issues.