bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐Infrared Fluorophores for Thrombosis Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Sun Bin , Hettie Kenneth S. , Zhu Shoujun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThrombosis is an adverse physiological event wherein the resulting thrombus and thrombus‐induced diseases collectively result in high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, nano‐medicines that incorporate fluorophores emitting in the near‐infrared‐I (NIR‐I, 700–900 nm) spectral region have been adopted to afford thrombosis theranostics. However, several unsolved problems such as limited penetration depth and image quality severely impede further applications of such nano‐medicine systems. Fortunately, the ability to incorporate fluorophores emitting in the NIR‐II (1000–1700 nm) window into nano‐medicine systems can unambiguously identify biological processes with high signal‐to‐noise, deep tissue penetration depth, and high image resolution. Considering the inherently favorable properties of NIR‐II fluorophores, it is believed that they have enormous potential to quickly become incorporated into nano‐medicine systems for thrombosis theranostics. In this review, i) the development of NIR fluorescence as an imaging modality and fluorescent agents is discussed; ii) the recent development of NIR‐I fluorophore‐based nano‐medicine systems for thrombosis theranostics is comprehensively summarized; iii) the state‐of‐the‐art NIR‐II fluorophores that are designed for the specific purpose of affording thrombotic diagnosis is highlighted; iv) possible forward avenues for the use of NIR‐II fluorophores toward thrombosis diagnosis and therapy are speculated; and v) the potential for their clinical translation is discussed.
Magic Doping and Robust Superconductivity in Monolayer FeSe on Titanates
Authors: Jia Tao , Chen Zhuoyu , Rebec Slavko N. , Hashimoto Makoto , Lu Donghui , Devereaux Thomas P. , Lee Dung‐Hai , Moore Robert G. , Shen Zhi‐Xun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe enhanced superconductivity in monolayer FeSe on titanates opens a fascinating pathway toward the rational design of high‐temperature superconductors. Utilizing the state‐of‐the‐art oxide plus chalcogenide molecular beam epitaxy systems in situ connected to a synchrotron angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscope, epitaxial LaTiO3 layers with varied atomic thicknesses are inserted between monolayer FeSe and SrTiO3, for systematic modulation of interfacial chemical potential. With the dramatic increase of electron accumulation at the LaTiO3/SrTiO3 surface, providing a substantial surge of work function mismatch across the FeSe/oxide interface, the charge transfer and the superconducting gap in the monolayer FeSe are found to remain markedly robust. This unexpected finding indicate the existence of an intrinsically anchored “magic” doping within the monolayer FeSe systems.
Nanoscale Ferroelectric Characterization with Heterodyne Megasonic Piezoresponse Force Microscopy
Authors: Zeng Qibin , Wang Hongli , Xiong Zhuang , Huang Qicheng , Lu Wanheng , Sun Kuan , Fan Zhen , Zeng Kaiyang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPiezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), as a powerful nanoscale
characterization technique, has been extensively utilized to elucidate diverse
underlying physics of ferroelectricity. However, intensive studies of
conventional PFM have revealed a growing number of concerns and limitations
which are largely challenging its validity and applications. In this study, an advanced PFM
technique is reported, namely heterodyne megasonic piezoresponse force
microscopy (HM‐PFM), which uses 106 to 108 Hz high‐frequency excitation and heterodyne method to measure the piezoelectric
strain at nanoscale. It is found that HM‐PFM can unambiguously provide standard ferroelectric domain and
hysteresis loop measurements, and an effective domain characterization with
excitation frequency up to ≈110 MHz is demonstrated. Most importantly, owing to the high‐frequency and heterodyne scheme, the contributions from both
electrostatic force and electrochemical strain can be significantly minimized
in HM‐PFM. Furthermore, a
special measurement
of difference‐frequency
piezoresponse frequency spectrum (DFPFS) is developed on HM‐PFM and a distinct DFPFS characteristic is observed on the
materials with piezoelectricity. By performing DFPFS measurement, a truly
existed but very weak electromechanical coupling in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite is revealed. It is believed that HM‐PFM can be an excellent candidate for the ferroelectric or
piezoelectric studies where conventional PFM results are highly
controversial.
Self‐Validated Machine Learning Study of Graphdiyne‐Based Dual Atomic Catalyst
Authors: Sun Mingzi , Wu Tong , Dougherty Alan William , Lam Maggie , Huang Bolong , Li Yuliang , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough the atomic catalyst has attracted intensive attention in the past few years, the current progress of this field is still limited to a single atomic catalyst (SAC). With very few successful cases of dual atomic catalysts (DACs), the most challenging part of experimental synthesis still lies in two main directions: the thermodynamic stability of the synthesis and the optimal combination of metals. To address such challenges, comprehensive theoretical investigations on graphdiyne (GDY)‐based DAC are proposed by considering both, the formation stability and the d‐band center modifications. Unexpectedly, it is proven that the introduction of selected lanthanide metals to the transition metals contributes to the optimized stability and electroactivity. With further verification by machine learning, the potential f–d orbital coupling is unraveled as the pivotal factor in modulating the d‐band center with enhanced stability by less orbital repulsive forces. These findings supply the delicate explanations of the atomic interactions and screen out the most promising DAC to surpass the limitations of conventional trial and error synthesis. This work has supplied an insightful understanding of DAC, which opens up a brand new direction to advance the research in atomic catalysts for broad applications.
3D Printed Supercapacitors toward Trinity Excellence in Kinetics, Energy Density, and Flexibility
Authors: Kang Wenbin , Zeng Li , Ling Shangwen , Zhang Chuhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractModern electronics place stringent requirements on power supplies, calling for high energy and power density within restricted footprints. 3D printing allows for customized electrode designs with outstanding loading densities and represents a seemingly promising solution. However, the sluggish mass transport within bulky matrices presents serious issues to charge storage kinetics. Doping engineering in conjunction with 3D printing is used to achieve a state‐of‐the‐art areal capacitance of 11.8 F cm−2, which is among the best for carbonaceous supercapacitors, results in an electrode heavily loaded at 85.1 mg cm−2. Simultaneously, an uncompromised kinetic performance rivaling high‐rate thin films is delivered, allowing for flash‐charging within 3.6 s while keeping 78.1% capacitance. In agreement with theses appealing features, an unprecedented energy density of 0.66 mWh cm−2 and power density of 1039.8 mW cm−2 for a symmetrical device are registered. Meanwhile, the printed device is equipped with superb mechanical compliance, a rarely achieved, yet gravely desired attribute for 3D printed energy storage devices. This work suggests that flexible energy storage devices with unimpaired kinetics at extremely large loading densities could be realized, therefore overturning the traditional mindset that such a performance can only be achieved in thin film devices which are, however, incapable of securing a large energy output.
Twins with PEX7 related intellectual disability and cataract: Highlighting phenotypes of peroxisome biogenesis disorder 9B
Authors: Masih Suzena , Moirangthem Amita , Phadke Shubha R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPeroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a group of autosomal recessive disorders caused due to impaired peroxisome assembly affecting the formation of functional peroxisomes. PBDs are caused by a mutation in PEX gene family resulting in disease manifestation with extreme variability ranging from the onset of profound neurologic symptoms in newborns to progressive degenerative disease in adults. Disease causing variations in PEX7 is known to cause severe rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 1 and PBD 9B, an allelic disorder resulting in a milder phenotype, often indistinguishable from that of classic Refsum disease. This case report highlights the variability of PEX7 related phenotypes and suggests that other than RCDP1 and late onset phenotype similar to Refsum disease, some cases present with cataract and neurodevelopmetal abnormalities during childhood without chondrodysplasia or rhizomelia. This report also underlines the importance of considering PBD 9B in children presenting with neurodevelopmental abnormalities especially if they have congenital cataract.
Ultralong Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Boric Acid
Authors: Zheng Haoyue , Cao Peisheng , Wang Yanying , Lu Xiaomei , Wu Peng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFor a long time, phosphors with long‐lived emission are dominated by rare earth/transition metal ion‐doped sulfides and oxides. Recently, organic materials capable of emitting long‐lived room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are reported, carbon skeletons are almost the exclusive structural feature of the conjugated luminophores. Herein, we reported that boric acid, a non‐metal and C‐free material, could emit RTP with lifetime up to 0.3 s. Detailed investigations indicated the weak conjugation between the n electrons of the O atoms in the B‐O confined space was the possible origin of RTP. Similar RTP was also found in electron‐rich N/F systems, namely, BN and BF3 (BF4−). Importantly, the vacant
orbital of B was found to contribute to the relevant unoccupied molecular orbitals involved in excitation, which is different from previous reports on phosphorescence from arylboronic acids. The results confirm the unique role of B as a versatile structure motif for construction of new RTP materials.
Low Power, Low Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure Plasma‐Induced Polymerization: Facile Synthesis and Crystal Regulation of Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: He Juan , Jiang Xue , Xu Fujian , Li Chenghui , Long Zhou , Chen Hanjiao , Hou Xiandeng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLow temperature and atmospheric pressure plasma‐induced polymerization was demonstrated as a fast and facile strategy for tailoring of packing phase of COF‐1 as well as preparing diverse covalent organic frameworks (COFs) including both two‐dimensional (2D) COFs and three‐dimensional (3D) COFs. By regulating the solvents, the fast construction of well‐ordered AB staggered COF‐1 and AA eclipsed COF‐1 was facilely realized in minutes. The plasma approach presented here led to the rapid preparation of eight classical 2D COFs, including boronate ester‐linkage (COF‐5, COF‐8 and COF‐10), azine‐linkage (NUS‐2), β‐ketoenamine‐linkage (TpPa, TPBD), imine‐linkage (ILCOF‐1, Py‐COF), and 3D‐COF‐102 (boroxine linkage) in less than 1 hour. Different from conventional methods, the proposed methodology required much less time, lower power, no extra heating, inert‐gas protection and pressure. The fast nucleation and growth of COFs with good crystallinity, morphology and thermal stability can be achieved under mild conditions.
Stereoselective and Stereospecific Triflate‐Mediated Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction: Ready Access to Alkaloid Skeletons**
Authors: Gnägi Lars , Arnold Remo , Giornal Florence , Jangra Harish , Kapat Ajoy , Nyfeler Erich , Schärer Robin M. , Zipse Hendrik , Renaud Philippe 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe stereoselectivity and stereospecificity of the triflate‐mediated intramolecular Schmidt reaction of substituted 3‐(1‐azidocyclohexyl)propanol derivatives leading to octahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]azepine, the structural skeleton of several important families of alkaloids such as the Stemona alkaloids, has been examined. The reaction involves an initial intramolecular SN2 reaction between the azide moiety and the triflate affording an intermediate spirocyclic aminodiazonoium salt that undergoes the expected 1,2‐shift/N2‐elimination followed by hydride‐mediated iminium salt reduction. Remarkably, chiral alcohols are converted to the azabicyclic derivative with no or limited racemization. The initial asymmetric alcohol center controls the diastereoselectivity of the whole process, leading to the formation of one out of the four possible diastereoisomers of disubstituted octahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]azepine. The origin of the stereoselectivity is rationalized based on theoretical calculations. The concise synthesis of (−)‐(cis)‐3‐propylindolizidine and (−)‐(cis)‐3‐butyllehmizidine, two alkaloids found in the venom of workers of the ant Myrmicaria melanogaster, is reported.
A nano‐Fe3O4 material coated with AM/AMPS copolymer for viscosity enhancement at harsh reservoir conditions
Authors: Qin Wenlong , Li Ruixuan , Li Hanxi , Jiang Guanfeng , Qin Guowei , Wang Yang , Yang Jiang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA Fe3O4 nonaparticles coated with acrylamide/2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid copolymer(Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization. The structure of Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs was then characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the rheological properties of Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs solution were systematically studied. The results showed that when dosage of hydrophobic Fe3O4‐Oleic NPs is 10%, the synthesized Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs was with the best viscosity enhancement performance, and the maximum saturation magnetization could reach to 20.0 emu/g. The apparent viscosity value of 5000 mg/L magnetic nano‐composite solution was 154.6 mPa·s at 30°C. It shows strong viscosity enhancement ability and good temperature performance. Hence, it has great application potential in well stimulation of medium and high temperature oil and gas reservoirs.
Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Channel 2 in the Induction of Lubricin and Suppression of Ectopic Endochondral Ossification in Mouse Articular Cartilage
Authors: Nakamoto Hideki , Katanosaka Yuki , Chijimatsu Ryota , Mori Daisuke , Xuan Fengjun , Yano Fumiko , Omata Yasunori , Maenohara Yuji , Murahashi Yasutaka , Kawaguchi Kohei , Yamagami Ryota , Inui Hiroshi , Taketomi Shuji , Taniguchi Yuki , Kanagawa Motoi , Naruse Keiji , Tanaka Sakae , Saito Taku 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveTransient receptor potential vanilloid channel 2 (TRPV2) is a Ca2+‐permeable channel and plays a role in mediating intracellular Ca2+ current via mechanical stimuli. This study was undertaken to examine the expression and role of TRPV2 in adult articular cartilage and the development of osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsWe examined TRPV2 expression in mouse and human articular cartilage. We analyzed the development of OA in Col2a1‐CreERt2;Trpv2fl/fl mice and Trpv2fl/fl littermates in the resection of the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament model (n = 5 each), the destabilization of the medial meniscus model (n = 5 each), and the aging mouse model (n = 8–9 each). We examined marker protein expression in these joints, Ca2+ influx by mechanical stimuli, and downstream pathways in vitro.ResultsTRPV2 was expressed in mouse and human articular cartilage and ectopic ossification lesions. In all mouse models of OA examined, Col2a1‐CreERt2;Trpv2fl/fl mice were observed to have enhanced degradation of articular cartilage accompanied by decreased expression of lubricin/Prg4, and marked formation of periarticular ectopic ossification. Mechanical stress–induced Ca2+ influx was decreased by Trpv2 knockout (KO). Prg4 induction by fluid‐flow shear stress was diminished in Trpv2‐KO mouse chondrocytes, and this was mediated by the Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase‐cyclic AMP response element binding protein axis. Hypertrophic differentiation was enhanced in Trpv2‐KO mouse chondrocytes. Increased activity of calcineurin and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor in activated T cells 1 induced by fluid‐flow shear stress or TRP agonist treatment was reversed by Trpv2 knockout.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate regulation of articular cartilage by TRPV2 through Prg4 induction and suppression of ectopic ossification.
Frequency‐shifting‐based algebraic approach to extended state observer design
Authors: Kasac Josip , Pender Antonia , Pranjic Marko , Kotarski Denis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a frequency‐shifting‐based (FSB) algebraic approach to the extended state observer (ESO) design is proposed. The proposed algebraic approach provides almost instantaneous convergence toward the exact values of the system states and disturbances. The main benefit of the proposed approach is the elimination of the peaking phenomenon, which is inevitable in the case of the conventional observer design. In comparison with the linear ESO, the proposed algebraic ESO is less sensitive to the choice of the observer bandwidth, and it is more robust to the measurement noise. The simulation and experimental results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algebraic approach in comparison with the linear ESO.
A 2.7 V Aqueous Supercapacitor Using a Microemulsion Electrolyte**
Authors: Hughson Fraser R. , Borah Rohan , Nann Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe use of aqueous electrolytes in energy storage devices is traditionally limited by the voltage stability window of water at 1.23 V. Here, we present the use of a microemulsion based electrolyte which, although mostly water by mass, has a voltage stability window of up to 5 V. This allows the cost and safety benefits of aqueous electrolytes to finally be realised in high voltage systems. Supercapacitors constructed using this electrolyte were able to achieve and maintain a capacitance of ∼40 Fg−1 and an energy density of ∼40 Wh kg−1 with a Coulombic efficiency of 99 % for over 10,000 cycles on activated carbon.
Changing trends in the disease burden of esophageal cancer in China from 1990 to 2017 and its predicted level in 25 years
Authors: Li Songbo , Chen Hui , Man Jinyu , Zhang Tongchao , Yin Xiaolin , He Qiufeng , Yang Xiaorong , Lu Ming 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundNearly half of the cases of esophageal cancer in the world were in China, but the corresponding burden in China has not been estimated for the past decades or for the near future.MethodsData on the incidence, mortality, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) rates owing to esophageal cancer in China from 1990 to 2017 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. To reflect the trend in the disease burden, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in the age‐standardized rates of these three outcomes in China from 1990 to 2017.ResultsThe age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR) for esophageal cancer decreased from 19.38/100,000 in 1990 to 12.23/100,000 in 2017, with an EAPC of −2.53 (95%CI: −2.90, −2.16), but the number of cases of esophageal cancer increased from 164,473 to 234,624. The age‐standardized rates of esophageal cancer in females were always lower than they were in males during the study period, and there was a downward trend that was more pronounced among females than males. The most common risk factors for males were smoking and alcohol consumption, while the most common risk factors for females were a diet low in fruits and a high body mass index (BMI). New cases of, and deaths from esophageal cancer are predicted to increase by about 1.5 times in the coming 25 years.ConclusionAlthough the age‐standardized burden of esophageal cancer has been declining, the number of new cases of, and deaths from esophageal cancer have increased in China over the past 30 years, and they will continue to increase in the near future. Hence, national policies should be adopted to promote the prevention and management of known risk factors for it, especially smoking and excessive caloric intake.
Biohybrid Systems for Improved Bioinspired, Energy‐Relevant Catalysis
Authors: Fan Gang , Wasuwanich Pris , Furst Ariel L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBiomimetic catalysts, ranging from small‐molecule metal complexes to supramolecular assembles, possess many exciting properties that could address salient challenges in industrial‐scale manufacturing. Inspired by natural enzymes, these biohybrid catalytic systems demonstrate superior characteristics, including high activity, enantioselectivity, and enhanced aqueous solubility, over their fully synthetic counterparts. However, instability and limitations in the prediction of structure‐function relationships are major drawbacks that often prevent the application of biomimetic catalysts outside of the laboratory. Despite these obstacles, recent advances in synthetic enzyme models have improved our understanding of complicated biological enzymatic processes and enabled the production of catalysts with increased efficiency. This review outlines important developments and future prospects for the design and application of bioinspired and biohybrid systems at multiple length scales for important, biologically relevant, clean energy transformations.
Computed tomography analysis of coronary ostia location following valve‐in‐valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement with the ACURATE neo valve: Implications for coronary access
Authors: Khokhar Arif A. , Laricchia Alessandra , Ponticelli Francesco , Kim Won‐Keun , Gallo Francesco , Regazzoli Damiano , Toselli Marco , Sticchi Alessandro , Ruggiero Rossella , Cereda Alberto , Zlahoda‐Huzior Adriana , Fisicaro Andrea , Gardi Ilja , Mangieri Antonio , Reimers Bernhard , Dudek Dariusz , Colombo Antonio , Giannini Francesco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundValve‐in‐valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement (ViV‐TAVR) is an emerging alternative to re‐do surgery. However, the challenge of coronary access (CA) following ViV‐TAVR is a potential limitation as TAVR expands to younger lower‐risk populations.ObjectivesUsing post‐implantation computed tomography (CT) scans to evaluate the geometrical relationship between coronary ostia and valve frame in patients undergoing ViV‐TAVR with the ACURATE neo valve.MethodsPost‐implant CT scans of 18 out of 20 consecutive patients treated with the ACURATE neo valve were analyzed. Coronary ostia location in relation to the highest plane (HP) (highest point of the ACURATE neo or surgical valve) was determined. Ostia located below the highest plan were further subclassified according to the gap available between the transcatheter heart valve frame and ostium (transcatheter‐to‐coronary [TTC] distance). The impact implantation depth has on these geometrical relationships was evaluated.ResultsA total of 21 out of 36 coronary ostia (58%) were located below the level of the HP with the left coronary artery (36%) more likely to be affected than the right (22%). Further sub‐classification of these ostia revealed a large (>6 mm), moderate (4–6 mm), and small (<4 mm) TTC distance in 57% (12/21), 38% (8/21), and in 6% (1/18) of cases, respectively. At an implantation depth <4 mm compared to >4 mm, all ostia were located below the HP with no difference in post‐procedural mean gradients (14.5 mmHg ± 4.7 vs. 12.6 mmHg ± 5.8; p = .5, 95%CI 3.8–7.5).ConclusionsCA following ACURATE neo implantation for ViV‐TAVR could potentially be challenging in a significant proportion of patients and specific consideration should be given to the implantation depth.
Immunoglobulin and complement‐mediated glomerular diseases with an MPGN pattern of injury: Unmasking the diagnosis of lupus in a patient with hepatitis A infection
Authors: Nimmo Ailish , Zhou Qiaoling , Chatzitolios Anastasios , Bailey Phillippa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn cases with a broad differential or atypical features, it is important to continually review the original diagnosis. Diagnosing SLE can be challenging due to its multisystem presentations; a multidisciplinary approach is beneficial.