bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preventing Conjunctival Prolapse and Tarsal Eversion Following Large Excisions of Levator Muscle and Aponeurosis for Correction of Congenital Ptosis
Authors: Wolfley Darrell E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Mattress sutures placed from the superior fornix conjunctiva through levator muscle and aponeurosis can be used to reconstruct the superior fornix following extensive dissection and resection of levator muscle and aponeurosis for severe congenital ptosis. This placement of sutures differs from the full-thickness mattress sutures from conjunctiva through skin commonly recommended by many textbooks in oculoplastic surgery, and appears to be more successful in preventing some of the complications that follow this type of oculoplastic surgery.
Scleral Reinforcement Two Case Reports
Authors: Whitmore Wayne G , Curtin Brian J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report two cases of unilateral scleral reinforcement undergone for progressive pathologie myopia. Examination ten years after the operations showed the supportive effect of the scleral grafts. The effect, however, was localized and did not appear to block the overall progression of posterior staphyloma formation significantly.
Trabeculectomy Flap Suture Lysis With Endolaser Probe
Authors: Salamon Samuel M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Enhancing filtration after trabeculectomy with scleral flap sometimes requires cutting of the nylon suture. A new use of the endolaser probe to cut the nylon suture through hemorrhagic and edematous conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule is described. The probe compresses the tissue so that it is close to the suture for delivery of the laser energy. This application of the endolaser probe as an "ecto-laser" succeeded in enhancing filtration, raising the conjunctival bleb, and lowering intraocular pressure.
Lack of Beneficial Effect of Intensive Topical Steroids and Beta Irradiation of Eyes Undergoing Repeat Trabeculectomy
Authors: Miller M H , Joseph N H , Wishart P K , Hitchings R A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Sixteen eyes (14 patients) that had previous failed trabeculectomy underwent a further trabeculectomy. In the postoperative period they were treated with intensive topical steroids (hourly) for several months. At the end of one year the overall results of surgery were not improved using this regime when compared with a previously reported series of similar patients who were treated with less steroid. It appeared that the addition of more intensive topical steroid usage was no more successful than steroids given in a four-time-aday program.
Additionally, some eyes were treated with beta irradiation, which did not appear to influence the results.
Eyes that had a limbus-based conjunctival flap at reoperation had a more favorable outcome than those having fornix-based flaps.
Pasteurella multocida Endophthalmitis After a Cat Bite
Authors: Yokoyama Takahiko , Hara Satoshi , Funakubo Hiroto , Sato Nobuko 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We treated a patient with Pasteurella multocida endophthalmitis associated with a retinal detachment resulting from a cat bite. To our knowledge, endophthalmitis from an animal bite has not been described previously.
Organisms were directly inoculated from a perforated wound through the globe. The patient was vigorously treated with intensive systemic antimicrobial chemotherapy and pars plana vitrectomy. The inflammation subsided after repeated vitrectomies. A subsequent retinal detachment was treated with fluid-gas exchange and 360 scleral buckling with a silicone implant. Eight months after surgery the visual acuity was 40/200.
Corneal Epithelial Healing After Penetrating Keratoplasty Using Topical Healon Versus Balanced Salt Solution
Authors: Reed D Brent , Mannis Mark J , Hills John F , Johnson Chris A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The authors conducted a prospective study of 38 consecutive corneal transplant patients over a fiveand-one-half month period in order to evaluate the effect of intraoperative hydration with topical Healon® versus balanced salt solution on postoperative epithelial healing in the corneal graft. Eight independent variables, including patient age, sex, operating room time, donor age, donor time in McCareyKaufman media, intraoperative hydration with balanced salt solution versus Healon, and the amount of postoperative punctate epithelial keratitis measured on postoperative day 1, day 2, and at one week were compared using a multiple linear regression method. While the correlation between donor age (p= .060) and patient age (p=.088) with the amount of punctate epithelial keratitis at one week post graft approached statistical significance, only the Healon-treated group showed a high correlation to more complete graft healing one week postoperatively (p=0.002). Topical Healon during keratoplasty may foster epithelial healing, but it also may present technical challenges of which the surgeon should be aware.
Removal of Lens Epithelial Cells by Ultrasound in Endocapsular Cataract Surgery
Authors: Nishi Okihiro 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A new method was developed to remove lens epithelial cells during endocapsular cataract surgery using a device with a tip that resembles the irrigatingaspirating tip for cortex removal by extracapsular cataract extraction. The tip has an opening on the side and end, both 0.20 mm in diameter, for aspiration. The opening at the end serves to remove the cells at the equator. The top of the tip is sandblasted to provide an abrasive surface. This tip is connected to a phacoemulsifier handle. After nucleus delivery and cortex removal, the tip is inserted beneath the inner surface of the anterior capsule. The cells are detached by the abrasive tip, which vibrates by ultrasound; and then aspirated. Histologic examination revealed that the cells can be removed completely, and that this method is more effective than vacuum cleaning.
Prediction of Aphakic Refractive Error in Children
Authors: Arffa Robert C , Donzis Paul B , Morgan Keith S , Zhou Yu Jing 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Formulas created to predict the optical requirements of the aphakic eye have been tested mainly in adult eyes. The accuracy of these formulas in shorter pediatric aphakic eyes was examined using retrospective analysis of 17 aphakic pediatric patients. The Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff contact lens formula, used previously to predict required lens powers for epikeratophakia, consistently underestimated the required aphakic correction in the shorter eyes, which may have been responsible in part for the large undercorrections obtained previously in patients under one year of age. The Hoffer-Colenbrander and Binkhorst theoretical formulas, Donzis-Kastl-Gordon percentage change formula, and a linear regression formula derived from the present data (LIN), were significantly more accurate. The differences between these formulas were not significant. The use of one of these formulas should facilitate prediction of required epikeratophakia lenticule power or intraocular lens power in young children.
Panretinal Photocoagulation for Radiation-Induced Ocular Ischemia
Authors: Augsburger James J , Roth Susan E , Magargal Larry E , Shields Jerry A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present preliminary findings on the effectiveness of panretinal photocoagulation in preventing neovascular glaucoma in eyes with radiation-induced ocular ischemia. Our study group consisted of 20 patients who developed radiation-induced ocular ischemia following cobalt-60 plaque radiotherapy for a choroidal or ciliary body melanoma. Eleven of the 20 patients were treated by panretinal photocoagulation shortly after the diagnosis of ocular ischemia, but nine patients were left untreated. In this non-randomized study, the rate of development of neovascular glaucoma was significantly lower (p = 0.024) for the 11 photocoagulated patients than for the nine who were left untreated.
Postoperative Astigmatism Using the McIntyre Needle
Authors: House Philip H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We performed 30 consecutive cataract extractions using two different needle types to assess postoperative astigmatism. In each case, we used a standard corneal incision followed by an extracapsular cataract extraction and the insertion of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. The incisions in group A were closed with the McIntyre needle and in group B with a standard curve needle. We compared the postoperative astigmatism in each group with sutures in at 3 weeks, and when removed selectively by 12 weeks, and found no significant difference.
Delayed Nonexpulsive Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage After Trabeculectomy
Authors: Ariano Maria L , Ball Stuart F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Five cases of delayed nonexpulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage after trabeculectomy in aphakic eyes are reported. Four cases were done under general anesthesia and in three there was straining and bucking at extubation. The most common presentation was sudden severe ocular pain one day postoperatively, associated with marked decrease in vision and low intraocular pressure. The prognosis was related to the extent of the hemorrhage; where suprachoroidal hemorrhage was extensive, surgical drainage appeared to help. Our last two patients, both with massive postoperative nonexpulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage, underwent surgical drainage of suprachoroidal blood and recovered preoperative visual acuity.
Macular Pucker and Retinal Angioma
Authors: Schwartz Peter L , Trubowitsch Gregory , Fastenberg David M , Stein Mark 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 44-year-old white female had a macular pucker associated with a peripheral retinal capillary angioma. Following successful destruction of the angioma with cryotherapy, the macular pucker regressed and visual acuity returned to normal. This is the first report documenting the regression of a macular pucker following successful treatment of a peripheral retinal angioma.
A Clinical Comparison of Two Methods of Glare Testing
Authors: Smith Patricia W , Pratzer Kimberly A , Webster Nancy , Fenton Jane , Bonham Roger D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We evaluated two methods of glare testing, the Miller-Nadler™ Glare Tester (M-NGT, Titmus Optical, Inc.) and the Brightness Acuity Tester (BAT, Mentor O & O, Inc.). Resulting Snellen visual acuities both for a control group of normal volunteers and for a study group with cataract or posterior capsule opacification were compared using the two glare testers. The decreases in Snellen visual acuities were comparable in the eyes with cataract. No glare disability was measured in the control group. There was greater glare disability using the BAT compared with the Miller-Nadler test when eyes with posterior capsule opacities were compared.
Laser Trabeculoplasty Retreatment
Authors: Weber Paul A , Burton Gary D , Epitropoulos Alice T 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thirty-seven eyes of 30 patients classified as late treatment failures following 360° of argon laser trabeculoptasty (ALT) underwent retreatment of the trabecular meshwork. Retreatment was considered successful if the intraocular pressure was maintained at 21 mm Hg or below and if the visual fields and optic nerve remained stable. By the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis the rates of success were: 100% at 3 months, 91% at 6 months, 77% at 9 months; 70% at 1 year, and 47% at 16 and 20 months. The mean decrease in intraocular pressure 1 month after retreatment was 6.5 ± 4.9 mm Hg (from 23.9 to 17.5). Three patients followed for 3 years or longer had a mean decrease of -5.67 mm Hg. Repeat argon laser trabeculoplasty appears to be a reasonable treatment option for selected patients who are late failures after initial treatment.
Semiconductor Diode Laser Endophotocoagulation
Authors: Duker Jay S , Federman Jay L , Schubert Hermann , Talbot Christopher 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We successfully used a semiconductor diode laser to deliver endophotocoagulation burns to the retina of a rabbit. The diode laser employed emits light at a wavelength of 817 nm (near infrared). It has a power output of up to 1.0 W in the continuous-wave mode, equivalent to the capability of current argon laser endophotocoagulators. A standard, commercially available fiberoptic endophotocoagulation probe was used to deliver the laser burns. We used power settings ranging from 300 m W to 400 m W and exposure times of 0.1 to 0.2 seconds to produce chorioretinal bums that appeared clinically and histopathologically indistinguishable from those induced with conventional wavelengths. This new laser system has the decided advantages over traditional endophotocoagulators of being much smaller, less costly, and requiring no water cooling, without sacrificing power output or ease of delivery.
Avulsion of the Canalicular System
Authors: Hurwitz Jeffrey J , Avram Darrell , Kratky Vladimir 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Avulsion of the common canaliculus from its attachment to the lacrimal sac should be suspected in cases involving either deep lacerations on the lateral side of the nose or traumatic telecanthus in midfacial trauma. Blunting of the canalicular angle and founding of the inner canthus are confirming signs. A canaliculodacryocystorhinostomy can be performed to reanastomize the lacrimal drainage pathways and relieve epiphora.
Polypropylene Ligatures as a Means of Controlling Intraocular Pressure with Molteno Implants
Authors: Price Francis W , Whitson William E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A technique for controlling intraocular pressure in the immediate postoperative period with Molteno implants is described. Filtration tubes were closed with polypropylene sutures in 13 patients. Filtration tubes closed with 7-0 sutures provided the most satisfactory partial to complete lumen closure. The ligatures in six patients later were opened by argon laser.
The Effect of Chronic Miotic Therapy on the Results of Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation and Trabeculectomy in Patients with Glaucoma
Authors: Chen Henry Shen-Lih , Steinmann William C , Spaeth George L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We reviewed the charts of 18 patients 20 glaucomatous eyes) who had not used pilocarpine prior to undergoing trabeculectomy combined with or performed later with posterior chamber lens implantation. We then compared postoperative results and complications in these patients with those in 35 other patients (40 glaucomatous eyes) in two age- and stage-matched groups who had used pilocarpine prior to undergoing the same procedures. All patients had a minimum follow-up of 6 months. There was no significant difference between these groups in terms of postoperative intraocular pressure and required glaucoma medications. However, in the pilocarpine-treated groups, there was a significantly higher incidence of complications, especially intraocular lens capture (P<0.05), and of worse visual outcomes (P<0.01).
Shadow Photogrammetric Apparatus for the Quantitative Evaluation of Corneal Buttons
Authors: Denham David , Mandelbaum Sid , Parel Jean-Marie , Holland Simon , Pflugfelder Steve 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We have developed a technique for the accurate, quantitative, geometric evaluation of trephined and punched corneal buttons. A magnified shadow of the frontal and edge views of a corneal button mounted on the rotary stage of a modified optical comparator is projected onto the screen of the comparator and photographed. This process takes approximately three minutes. The diameters and edge profile at any meridian photographed can subsequently be analyzed from the film. The precision in measuring the diameters of well cut corneal buttons is ±23 microns, and in measuring the angle of the edge profile is ±G. Statistical analysis of inter observer variability indicated excellent reproducibiltty of measurements. Shadow photogrammetry offers a standardized, accurate, and reproducible method for analysis of corneal trephination.
Eyelid Complications in Trachoma I. Cicatricial Entropion
Authors: Nasr Amin M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Trachoma is an infectious disease affecting the conjunctival membranes of the eye that results in scarring of the conjunctiva with secondary eyelid malformations and lacrimal pathology. Of the four eyelid complications secondary to trachoma - cicatriciel entropio n, eyelid retraction, secondary blepharospasm, and brow ptosis - by far, cicatricial entropica is the most common. One thousand two hundred patients with cicatricial entropion underwent surgery at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital between 1984 and 1988. The classification and management of these cases are discussed, emphasizing the various surgical techniques used.
Primary Mucinous Sweat Gland Carcinoma of the Eyelid
Authors: Shuster Alan R , Maskin Steven L , Leone Charles R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 76-year-old woman had a slowly enlarging lesion of the right lower eyelid. After obtaining incisional biopsy results consistent with adenocarcinoma, we removed the tumor and made a final diagnosis of primary mutinous adenocarcinoma of the sweat gland. The defect was repaired using ipsilateral upper lid transpositional tarso-conjunctival and skin-muscle flaps. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis was noted 42 months postoperatively. Consideration of such tumors is clinically important, since they have full metastatic potential. We therefore suggest consideration of sweat gland primary mucinous adenocarcinoma in the differential diagnosis of red or violaceous eyelid masses.
Pharmaceutical Production and Intraocular Lens Implantation: Technology Appropriate to the Third World
Authors: Brian Garry R , Hollows Fred C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Eritrea, in the Horn of Africa, suffers the serious hearth problems and obstacles to the provision of adequate health care that typify Third World countries. Yet, despite the compounding effect of war, the Eritreans' pharmaceutical facility meets 40% of their capsule and tablet requirements, and all their intravenous fluid demands. If intravenous fluid production is possible in this environment, as it is, then the authors contend that routine microscopic intraocular surgery (including intraocular lens implantation) should be as well. The establishment of an Eritrean facility capable of such surgery is recorded. The authors believe this type of surgery should be seriously considered in any attempt to deal with the problem of Third World cataract blindness.
Heat Retention in Varieties of Warm Compresses: A Comparison Between Warm Soaks, Hard-Boiled Eggs and the Re-Heater
Authors: Freedman Howard L , Preston Karen L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Warm compresses are the most common form of treatment for chalazia and other inflammatory conditions of the eyelids. We compared the heat retention characteristics of warm washcloths, hard-boiled eggs, and a heat-generating product called the Re-Heater when used for delivering heat to the eyelids. Skin temperature was measured during 20-minute applications of each "device." The Re-Heater had the best total heat delivery, followed closely by the hard-boiled egg. Both of these methods are reusable, easy, and cause no discomfort. We recommend that physicians instruct their patients in the use of either of these techniques when heat application to the eyelids is desired.
Can Chronic Bulbar Hypotony Be Responsible for Uveal Effusion? Report of Two Cases
Authors: Daniele Salvatore , Schepens Charles L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe two patients with a unilateral uveal effusion syndrome characterized by spontaneous ciliochoroidal and retinal detachment, shallow anterior chamber, poorly reactive pupil, and bulbar hypotony. A space-occupying substance of high molecular weight (sodium hyaluronate), injected into the anterior chamber, raised the intraocular pressure of these patients to 24 mm Hg. Within 24 to 72 hours the uvea flattened, and later the retina settled completely. Satisfactory clinical stability has continued in the followup period. Because a rheologic study of the aqueous humor revealed hyposecretion and hypotony in the apparently unaffected fellow eye, it is suggested that a primary bulbar hypotony can trigger a uveal effusion syndrome in an otherwise normal-sized eye with no structural abnormality.
Conjunctivochalasis: A Surgical Technique
Authors: Serrano Federico , Mora Luz Matilde 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Conjunctivochalasis can be surgically corrected when it gives an appearance of a moist eye, produces tearing by mechanical obstruction of the lower punctum, or if it impedes the normal outflow of the lacrimal film. We present a surgical technique that provides a satisfactory anatomical reconstruction, does not leave a deformity, and will not lead to a retraction that could produce a cicatriciel ectropion. We stress the importance of a complete ophthalmologic examination to rule out more common causes of tearing.
A Comparison of Motility: Autogenous Dermis-Fat vs Synthetic Spherical Implants
Authors: Bosniak Stephen L , Nesi Frank , Smith Byron C , Schechter Burton , Cote Robert 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The socket and prosthesis motility and the forniceal depths in a group of 47 patients who had undergone enucleation and implantation of synthetic spherical implants were compared with those in a group of 34 patients who had undergone enucleation and implantation of autogenous dermis-fat orbital implants. The primary autogenous dermis-fat orbital implants provided greater socket movement and deeper fornices than the synthetic spherical implants. Prosthesis motility, however, was the same in the two groups.
Merest Sclera Technique for Primary Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Anduze Alfred L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Over a 5-year period, 800 patients with primary pterygium underwent "merest sclera" surgery, a procedure in which the injured limbo-conjunctival area is covered completely with superior and inferior conjunctiva) flaps so that the tear film can be reestablished. After a 1-year follow-up, 17 recurrences were found (2.1%). All these resulted from premature wound dehiscence and/or postoperative infection.
Outcome of White Pump Shunt Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma in Asians
Authors: Chihara Etsuo , Kubota Hidenori , Takanashi Taiji , Nao-i Nobuhisa 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We compared the effect of seton (White pump shunt) surgery (16 eyes) with that of trabeculectomy and 5-fluorouracil (31 eyes) in treating 38 Asian patients with medically uncontrollable neovascular glaucoma. We found the probability of long-term success (intraocular pressure « 26 5= 5 mm Hg) of seton surgery (53.0% at 3 years) to be similar to that obtained following trabeculectomy with adjunctive 5fluorouracil (45.4% at 3 years). However, 3 years postoperatively, the probability of the preservation of visual acuity was significantly greater following trabeculectomy than seton surgery (67.1% vs 23.1%; P < .05). In addition, the prevalence of postoperative complications was higher with the seton procedure (P < .001). The loss of endothelial cells 6 months postoperatively was more marked with seton surgery than with trabeculectomy, whether the shunt device touched the cornea (P < .000001) or not (P < .0005). In conclusion. White's pump shunt was effective in lowering the IOP of eyes with neovascular glaucoma. However, care must be taken to prevent postoperative complications, the incidence of which exceeded those observed following trabeculectomy with adjunctive 5-fluorouracil.
Healon® Yellow as a Surgical Tool in Maneuvering Intraocular Tissues
Authors: Stenkula Staffan , Ivert Lena , Berglin Lennart , Crafoord Sven 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Tinted sodium hyaluronate (Healon® Yellow) was used during posterior segment surgery mainly for the dissection of epiretinal membranes in cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular pucker. The yellow color facilitated injecting the viscoelastic substance under the membranes and simplified its removal at the end of surgery.