bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etnografía de una organización de estudiantes indígenas en la amazonía peruana: las ambivalencias de la protesta
Authors: Buu-Sao Doris 
Published: November 2021

La etnografía de una organización estudiantil indígena con sede en Iquitos, la ciudad más grande de la Amazonía peruana, permite examinar la experiencia de sus líderes. Sobre la base de las habilidades adquiridas a través del contacto con las escuelas y las organizaciones activistas, estos nuevos líderes se afirman a través de movilizaciones cada vez más visibles. El proceso de politización a través del cual los estudiantes aprenden a exigir sus derechos a causa de una identidad indígena se examina desde el punto de vista de su lugar en espacios urbanos de activismo. Es en tales espacios donde se desarrollan las definiciones de liderazgo indígena. Estos entran en conflicto con otras organizaciones más tradicionales y contribuyen a las tensiones internas dentro del "movimiento de los pueblos indígenas". Las redes de mediación en las que participan los estudiantes indígenas, redes que sirven como conductos para los mensajes que las autoridades locales, los activistas ecológicos y las compañías petroleras desean transmitir a las comunidades indígenas, subrayan la ambivalencia de este movimiento de protesta.
The ethnography of an indigenous student organization based in Iquitos, the largest town in Peruvian Amazonia, allows one to examine the experience ofi ts leaders. On the basis of skills acquired through contact with schools and activist organizations, these new leaders are asserting themselves via ever more visible mobilizations. The process of politicization through which students learn to demand their rights on account of an indigenous identity is examined from the point of view of their place in urban spaces of activism. It is in such spaces that definitions of indigenous leadership are developed. These come into conflict with other, more traditional, organizations and contribute to internal tensions within the “indigenous people’s movement.” The networks of mediation in which indigenous students participate —networks that serve as conduits for the messages that local authorities, ecological activists, and oil companies wish to pass on to indigenous communities— underscore the ambivalence of this protest movement.
Apoyo al sistema político y tolerancia política en el período gubernamental 2016 - 2020 a través de la identidad étnica
Authors: Cohaila Edwin 
Published: November 2021

El Perú ha atravesado, en este período gubernamental que empezó el 2016, diferentes situaciones políticas, la renuncia del presidente Kucyznski, la asunción al mando por parte de su vicepresidente Martín Vizcarra, el cierre del Congreso, la prisión preventiva de muchos actores políticos; sin embargo, se continuó con el régimen democrático, lo que podría suponer que la población mantiene un apoyo al sistema político y una tolerancia política, puesto que todo se encauzó dentro del marco constitucional. Para averiguar esta situación, se analizará la data que provee el Barómetro de las Américas (LAPOP) para los años 2016/2017 y 2018/2019 para el caso peruano, pero haciendo notar si existe alguna diferencia entre ambos periodos según la identidad étnica. El análisis manifiesta que el apoyo al sistema político se ha mantenido sin variación, mientras que la tolerancia política se ha incrementado; no obstante, al interior de la identidad étnica no todos los grupos se han mantenido bajo esa misma línea, ya que se observan diferencias significativas en especial en el grupo étnico quechua y mestizo.
Peru has gone through this governmental period that began in 2016 with different political situations, resignation of President Kucyznski, assumption of command by his vice president Martín Vizcarra, closure of Congress, preventive detention of many political actors; however, the democratic regime continued, which could suppose that the population maintains support for the political system and political tolerance, since everything was channeled within the constitutional framework. To find out this situation, the data provided by the Latin American Public Opinion Project for the years 2016/2017 and 2018/2019 will be analyzed for the Peruvian case, but noting if there is any difference between the two periods according to ethnic identity. The analysis shows that support for the political system has remained unchanged, while political tolerance has increased, although within ethnic identity not all groups have remained along the same line, since there are significant differences especially in the quechua and mestizo ethnic group.
Empresa, crisis y educación universitaria en el Perú
Authors: Canales Peña Jenny 
Published: November 2021

En el actual sistema universitario, existen más de cien universidades, mayoritariamente privadas, lo cual convierte al sistema en uno empresarial. Así, el interés por obtener una porción del mercado hace que se pierda de vista la esencia de la universidad, el lugar que ocupa el docente y la vida universitaria, y reducen las expectativas académicas a unas práctico-utilitarias. Se exige al docente que capte o mantenga al estudiantado, pero no se le permite la pertenencia a un centro ni al sistema en general. La crisis evidencia una despreocupación por aspectos antropológicos; la persona no tiene un espacio en el sistema liderado por la economía.
In the actual Peruvian university system, they exist more than one hundred universities, most lf them private, which turns it into a business system. That way, the interest for obtaining a piece of the market make the essence of the university get lost of sight, as well as the place that occupy the professor and the university life, and they reduce the academical expectations to practical utilitarian. It is required that the professors keep the students, but the membership to a center nor at the general system is not allowed. The crisis shows an unconcern for anthropological aspects; the people don’t have a space in the economy ruled system.
Conviviendo en guetos
Authors: Cárdenas Macher Luis Daniel 
Published: November 2021

El presente ensayo libre y de naturaleza predominantemente filosófica busca explorar la importancia de las intuiciones morales y la resignificación de los paradigmas éticos en un contexto de reclusión social como el que se impone por la pandemia a causa de la COVID-19. A través de una aproximación por el terreno de la neurociencia social y la psicología social, y con la ayuda de excursos literarios, se profundiza en la reflexión filosófica sobre los límites de la empatía y la solidaridad al considerar cómo las situaciones inhumanas desestructuran el frágil sentido de nuestra subjetividad y resitúan la posición de aquello que consideramos radicalmente otro. Con ello, se ve también una oportunidad para reorientar el sentido de nuestra identidad y de nuestra acción moral en tanto nuestro sentido de justicia, cuidado, lealtad, respeto o pureza pueden verse profundamente interpelados.
This free essay and of predominantly philosophical nature try to explore the importance of the moral intuitions and the resignification of the ethical paradigm in a context of social reclusion like the one imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Through an neuroscientific social and social-psychology approach, and with the help of literary digressions, it’s deepened in the philosophical reflection about the limits of the empathy and the solidarity to consider how the inhuman situations disestablish the fragile sense of our subjectivity and relocates the position of what we consider radically other. With it, there’s also a chance to redirect the sense of our identity and our moral action insofar our sense of justice, care, loyalty, respect, or purity can be deeply apprehended.
marginalidad, la vulnerabilidad y su implicancia en los problemas sociales y estructurales de una sociedad
Authors: Roncal Zolezzi Mario Phillip 
Published: November 2021

El artículo muestra la falta de capacidades del Estado para entender, analizar, planificar y resolver problemas endémicos que generan la pobreza y cómo ellos nos llevan a situaciones de marginación, vulnerabilidad e informalidad. La relación que tiene el efecto que conlleva el no actuar apropiadamente para lograr un cambio en esta situación permite que personas que son parte de nuestra sociedad no puedan lograr tomar decisiones propias sobre su destino y dependan de las políticas de apoyo que el Estado determine y que siempre son limitadas, como sus vidas y anhelos.
The article shows the lack of capacities of the State to understand, analyze, plan, and solve endemic problems that generate poverty and how they lead us to situations of marginalization, vulnerability and informality. The relationship that has the effect of not acting appropriately to achieve a change in this situation, allows people who are part of our society to not be able to make their own decisions about their destiny and depend on the support policies that the State determines and that are always limited, like their lives and desires.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SAINS TEKNOLOGI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP SIKAP ILMIAH DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN GUGUS BANYUNING
Authors: Handayani Ni Nyoman Lisna , Muliastrini Ni Ketut Erna 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh model pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat (STM) terhadap sikap ilmiah dan prestasi belajar IPA pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Gugus Banyuning. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan The Posttest-Only Control-Group Desain. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas V gugus Banyuning dengan jumlah populasi 198 siswa. Sebanyak 33 siswa dipilih sebagai sampel yang ditentukan dengan teknik random sampling. Data sikap ilmiah dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan prestasi belajar IPA menggunakan tes pilihan ganda. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan MANOVA (Multivariat Analysis of Variance) berbantuan SPSS 17.00 for windows. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, sikap ilmiah antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional (F sebesar 114,22 dan p < 0,05). Kedua, prestasi belajar IPA antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional (F sebesar 7,786 dan p < 0,05). Ketiga, secara simultan sikap ilmiah dan prestasi belajar antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional (F sebesar 61,175 dan p < 0,05). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi informasi bagi lembaga pendidikan untuk mengambil kebijakan yang tepat, yang berkaitan dengan upaya menumbungkembangkan sikap ilmiah dan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
FRAGMENTASI PARTAI-PARTAI ISLAM PASCA ORDE BARU
Authors: Mas'ad Ali 
Published: November 2021

Spektrum politik Indonesia diwarnai oleh pergulatan elit politik yang terpilah dalam banyak kelompok, Kelompok islam dan yang memakai simbol-simbol islam merupakan salah-satu kelompok yang ikut andil dalam pertarungan politik, ketika orde baru masih eksis, partai yang ada hanya terdapat tiga partai yaitu Golkar, PDI dan PPP. Dari ketiga partai tersebut yang berafiliasi dan bernafaskan islam hanya PPP. Namun begitu bola reformasi menggelinding maka PPP melahirkan partai-partai islam lainnya, semisal PKB, PBB, PKS dan lainnya,
Khusus kasus politik islam pasca orde baru Kaum formalis memang meluncurkan partai-partai islam formal. Bahkan PPP yang semula berasaskan pancasila berganti berasaskan Islam, dan gambar ka’bah menggantikan gambar bintang segi lima, tetapi dari sejumlah partai yang menjamur di pasca orde baru, hanya ada satu partai yang menjadi dambaan dan tetap melekat di hati kaum santri yaitu Partai Persatuan Pembangunan.
ONTOLOGI, EPISTEMOLOGI, AKSIOLOGI DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Rahmadani Elfira , Armanto Dian , Syafitri Ely , Umami Reza 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Character education is useful for building the character of each individual so that they can become individuals who can have benefits for the individual and the surrounding environment. This study examines and describes how to conceptualize the theoretical basis of character education and how to implement the theoretical basis of character education. This study examines and describes how to conceptualize the foundation of character education theory and how to implement the foundation of character education theory. The foundation of character education theory includes the foundation of ontology, epistemology foundation and axiology foundation. In this case the researcher can explain how the conceptualization and implementation of the foundation of ontology, epistemology and axiology of character education Keyword: Ontology Platform, Epistemology, Axiology and Character Education
AKSIOLOGI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS (Kajian Tentang Manfaat dari Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis)
Authors: Syafitri Ely , Armanto Dian , Rahmadani Elfira 
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This study discusses the axiology of critical thinking, how the benefits of critical thinking skills in education and using the literature study method are carried out only based on written works, including research results, both published and unpublished. The purpose of this article is to provide additional knowledge for teachers and other researchers that critical thinking skills have many benefits for education so that later in the education unit they are able to realize their abilities to produce competent students according to educational goals. The results of the literature study on critical thinking skills seen in axiological studies related to ethical and aesthetic values show that by utilizing critical thinking skills students are able to build quality thinking so as to produce good learning. Developing thinking skills is very important because it will have an impact on students' daily lives. Keywords: Critical Thinking Ability, Axiology Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang Aksiologi berpikir kritis, bagaimana manfaat dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam pendidikan dan menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan yang dilakukan hanya berdasarkan atas karya tertulis, termasuk hasil penelitian baik yang telah maupun yang belum dipublikasikan. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk memberi penambahan pengetahuan bagi guru maupun peneliti lain bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis memiliki banyak kebermanfaatan untuk pendidikan agar nantinya ketika di satuan pendidikan mampu merealisasikan kemampuan yang dimilikinya untuk menghasilkan peserta didik yang berkompeten sesuai tujuan pendidikan. Hasil dari studi kepustakaan kemampuan berpikir kritis dilihat dalam kajian aksiologi yang berkaitan dengan nilai etika dan estetika menunjukkan bahwa dengan memanfaatkan kemampuan berfikir kritis siswa mampu membangun kualitas berfikir sehingga menghasilkan pembelajaran dengan baik. Mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir sangat penting dikarenakan akan berdampak kepada kehidupan sehari-hari siswa. Kata kunci: Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis, Aksiologi
Discriminating Data
Authors: Chun Wendy Hui Kyong , Barnett Alex 
Published: November 2021

How big data and machine learning encode discrimination and create agitated clusters of comforting rage.
In Discriminating Data, Wendy Hui Kyong Chun reveals how polarization is a goal—not an error—within big data and machine learning. These methods, she argues, encode segregation, eugenics, and identity politics through their default assumptions and conditions. Correlation, which grounds big data's predictive potential, stems from twentieth-century eugenic attempts to “breed” a better future. Recommender systems foster angry clusters of sameness through homophily. Users are “trained” to become authentically predictable via a politics and technology of recognition. Machine learning and data analytics thus seek to disrupt the future by making disruption impossible.
Chun, who has a background in systems design engineering as well as media studies and cultural theory, explains that although machine learning algorithms may not officially include race as a category, they embed whiteness as a default. Facial recognition technology, for example, relies on the faces of Hollywood celebrities and university undergraduates—groups not famous for their diversity. Homophily emerged as a concept to describe white U.S. resident attitudes to living in biracial yet segregated public housing. Predictive policing technology deploys models trained on studies of predominantly underserved neighborhoods. Trained on selected and often discriminatory or dirty data, these algorithms are only validated if they mirror this data.
How can we release ourselves from the vice-like grip of discriminatory data? Chun calls for alternative algorithms, defaults, and interdisciplinary coalitions in order to desegregate networks and foster a more democratic big data.
The predictive role of preoperative serum glutamate dehydrogenase levels in microvascular invasion and hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis following liver transplantation—a single center retrospective study
Authors: Gong Jinlong , Li Yaxiong , Yu Jia , Wang Tielong , Duan Jinliang , Hu Anbin , He Xiaoshun , Zhu Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2021

Background
As a critical metabolic substrate, glutamine is not only involved in the progression of many cancers but is also related to angiogenesis. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), a key enzyme in glutamine metabolism, has been reported to regulate tumor proliferation; however, its relationship with microvascular invasion (MVI) is unclear. This study evaluated the ability of preoperative serum GLDH levels to predict MVI and the long-term survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after liver transplantation (LT).

Methods
HCC patients that underwent LT from January 2015 to May 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were enrolled in our retrospective analysis. Clinicopathological variables were extracted from medical records. A receiver operating characteristic curve was created to determine the optimal cut-off value of GLDH for MVI.

Results
Preoperative GLDH was significantly elevated in the MVI-positive group (U = 454.00, p = 0.000). The optimal cut-off value of GLDH for MVI was 7.45 U/L, with an area under the curve of 0.747 (95% CI [0.639–0.856], p = 0.000). The sensitivity was 79.3%, while the specificity was 64.5%. GLDH > 7.45 U/L (p = 0.023) and maximum diameter >5 cm (p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for the presence of MVI. Patients with GLDH > 7.45 U/L had significantly poorer overall survival (p = 0.001) and recurrence-free survival (p = 0.001) after LT than patients with GLDH ≤ 7.45 U/L. Similarly, patients with MVI were associated with poor survival (p = 0.000).

Conclusions
Preoperative elevated serum GLDH levels predict MVI and poorer long-term survival for HCC after LT.
Mental Health of Pregnant Women during Covid-19: A Systematic Review Study
Authors: Adediran God’s Favour , Dupuis Derma , Fritz Kasinda , Leso Olebogeng , Ike Emeka , Morebise Olugbenga 
Published: November 2021

Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has created avenues for physical and mental stress on individuals worldwide. Pregnant women especially, with the onset of COVID-19 have been challenged greatly by an array of disorders, all with varying cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses. The aim of our research is to conduct a review of the different mental health issues experienced by pregnant women in various geographical locations and analyze the prevalence of specific mental issues.
Materials and Methods: A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted. Databases PubMed, Google Scholar, BioMed Central, CrossRef and British Medical Journal were thoroughly examined by the authors for the purpose of locating the relevant articles as per specific geographical location.
Results: From the applicable studies identified, twenty-eight (28) were selected for review. As per the North American studies, levels of depression and anxiety in pregnant women at and around the time of the pandemic ranged from 33.2 to 70%. This differs in European countries where there were levels of 14.0 to 60%. Prevalence of stress among pregnant women in Asia was 32.7% while 17% of North American women reported the same. In the studies of Australia and South America, the prevalence of anxiety ranged 6% to 13.9% while studies in Africa reported severe and extremely stress, 7.2% (n=33) and 64% (n=29) respectively.
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among pregnant women was shown to be relatively high in all regions as per the COVID-19 pandemic, owing to many factors. Based on the studies analyzed, adequate support, resources and better healthcare systems are imperative for ensuring that depression and anxiety levels be reduced among this demographic.
Effect of Mulligan’s Pain Release Phenomenon on Ted in Subjects with Subacute Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Chintamani Radhika 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Lateral Epicondylitis is a overuse syndrome usually seen in people who perform repeated extension and supination movement of elbow against resistance. Tissue Extensibility Dysfunction (TED) is a term which suggests apparent tightness of the muscle which has occurred due to spasm, lactic acid accumulation, inflammation or over use.
Need of The Study: Many Studies involving manual therapy with different techniques have already demonstrated manual therapy is effective in reducing pain in subjects with lateral epicondylitis. Very few studies have focused on Mulligan’s Pain Release Phenomenon (PRP) which is established to reduce pain and improving range of motion. Also, there is dirth in literature related to tissue extensibility dysfunction occurring in subacute variant of tennis elbow and the effect of PRP on TED. Hence this study is been undertaken.
Methodology: A total of 50 sample size was randomized into 25 per group. Group A consisted of Conventional therapy and Group B consisted of Conventional therapy with Mulligan’s PRP. Outcome measures were noted pre therapy and on the 7th day that is post therapy and results were tabulated.
Results: The results declare that pain (0.05 and 0.001), grip strength (0.001, 0.001) and disability (0.001, 0.001) showed significant improvement in the scores in both the group whereas muscle stiffness (0.341 and 0.001) significantly improved only in Group B.
Conclusion: Mulligan’s Pain Release Phenomenon technique can be used to treat Subacute tennis elbow effectively and is known to reduce the muscle stiffness along with pain and disability and improving strength.
Optimization of Xylanase Production from Aspergillus spp. under Solid-state Fermentation Using Lemon Peel as Substrate
Authors: Hombalimath Veeranna S. , Achappa Sharanappa , Patil Laxmikant R. , Shet Anil R. , Desai Shivalingasarj V. 
Published: November 2021

Xylanase is an enzyme that acts on xylan and degrades it into xylose. Xylanase may be produced by several different microbes such as bacteria and fungi. Xylanase has significant applications in food industries for improving dough handling and improving the quality of baked products in the extraction of starch, coffee, and plant oils. Xylanase, along with pectinase and cellulose, has enormous application in the clarification of fruit juices. In the present study, xylanase was produced by solid-state fermentation using lemon peel as substrates. Aspergillus Niger was induced to produce xylanase by frequent sub-culturing on a medium containing 2% xylan. OFAT was analyzed by using several fermentation parameters such as moisture content, particle size, incubation period, incubation temperature, peptone concentration, and pH of the extraction buffer. Under optimized conditions, the maximum xylanase activity was found for particle size of 1.7mm, moisture content of 80%, peptone concentration in nutrient solution at 0.3%, and extraction pH of 7.0. Hence, xylanase can be further subjected to down streaming processes and therefore for various applications.