bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building Positive Emotions and Playfulness
Authors: Tidmand Louise 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the What? Why? and How? of building positive emotions and playfulness. What are positive emotions and playfulness? Why are these concepts part of the foundation of positive education? And How may we build positive emotions and playfulness in our pedagogical practice. In the profession of teaching, positive emotions and playfulness are closely linked to the development of coping skills and strategies, social competencies, cognitive competencies, and learning, as well as to the VIA character strengths. The chapter gives examples and suggestions as to how positive emotions and playfulness may be implemented in the three phases of teaching: preparation and lesson planning, pedagogical practice in the classroom, and evaluation of the lesson. The chapter furthermore looks into how positive emotions and playfulness are part of and contribute to the positive educational framework, to both student and staff wellbeing in the classroom, and as well as in the learning institution as a workplace.
Positive Spirituality
Authors: McCall Theo D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPositive spirituality is about acknowledging the personal spiritual growth that can occur through the use of some techniques from positive psychology. Contemporary educational philosophy within secular government educational departments rarely, if ever, addresses the notion of a spiritual life within educational institutions. Religious schools, on the other hand, usually include prayer and spirituality at the foundation of their educational aims. There is a clear disconnection between the two systems in this respect. Positive spirituality potentially provides a bridge between these two systems, bringing a focus on a broad notion of spirituality to otherwise secular government/public systems, and scientifically validated approaches to potentially narrowly focused religious schools. For instance, meditative techniques, relaxation, and physical stillness can help bring spiritual awareness to the fore, and in the process highlight a connection to something larger than oneself—the very goal of all mystics and a noble educational objective as teachers strive to inspire a greater sense of meaning and purpose in their students.
Mindfulness in Education: Insights Towards an Integrative Paradigm
Authors: Sheinman Nimrod , Russo-Netzer Pninit 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter reviews mindfulness in education and presents its role in the context of holistic well-being and a whole-child approach. We discuss the diverse initiatives and pedagogies of mindfulness in education around the world and present their potential contributions to students and teachers. Research outcomes, empirical findings, and synergy with positive education are examined.
Conclusion
Authors: Kern Margaret L. , Wehmeyer Michael L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe chapters in this Handbook provide evidence of the plurality of theories, models, methods, and perspectives relevant to positive education. Chapters highlight the diverse ways in which positive education is conceptualized and implemented, complexities inherent to school environments, and the need to rigorously study the impact of activities. Chapters describe core ingredients of positive education, including basic psychological needs, mindset, character strengths, coping skills, empathy, engagement, gratitude, social relationships, emotions, kindness, meaning and purpose, mindfulness, self-efficacy, self-regulation, and wellbeing literacy. These ingredients primarily emphasize the skills and attributes of the person. Yet other chapters remind us of the importance of the social and environmental context, including the impact that trauma, disadvantage, culture, socioeconomic pressures, and broader systemic pressures have. Together, the chapters speak to both the possibilities and challenges of what positive education might become.
First saturation correction in high energy proton-nucleus collisions. Part I. Time evolution of classical Yang-Mills fields beyond leading order
Authors: Li Ming , Skokov Vladimir V. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn high energy proton-nucleus collisions, the single- and double-inclusive soft gluon productions at the leading order have been calculated and phenomenologically studied in various approaches for many years. These studies do not take into account the saturation and multiple rescatterings in the field of the proton. The first saturation correction to these leading order results (the terms that are enhanced by the combination$$ {\alpha}_s^2{\mu}^2 $$αs2μ2, whereμ2is the proton’s color charge squared per unit transverse area) has not been completely derived despite recent attempts using a diagrammatic approach. This paper is the first in a series of papers towards analytically completing the first saturation correction to physical observables in high energy proton-nucleus collisions. Our approach is to analytically solve the classical Yang-Mills equations in the dilute-dense regime using the Color Glass Condensate effective theory and compute physical observables constructed from classical gluon fields. In the current paper, the Yang-Mills equations are solved perturbatively in the field of the dilute object (the proton). Next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order analytic solutions are explicitly constructed. A systematic way to obtain all higher order analytic solutions is outlined.
Drive axis controller optimization of production machines based on dynamic models
Authors: Halamka Vojtěch , Moravec Jan , Beneš Petr , Neusser Zdeněk , Koubek Jan , Kozlok Tomáš , Valášek Michael , Šika Zbyněk 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe paper deals with the creation and implementation of a methodology for optimizing the parameters of cascade control of the machine tool axis drives. The first part presents the identification of a dynamic model of the axis based on experimental data from measuring the axis dynamics. The second part describes the controller model, selection of optimization objective functions, and optimization of constraint conditions. The optimization of controllers is tuned by simulation using identified state-space model. Subsequently, the optimization procedure is implemented on the identified model, and the found control parameters are used on a real machine tool linear axis with different loads. The implementation of the proposed complex procedure on a real horizontal machine tool proved the advantage of simultaneous tuning of all parameters using optimization methods. The strategy solves the problem of mutual interaction of all control law parameters disabling effective usability of gradual sequential tuning. The methodology was developed on a speed control loop, the tuning of which is usually the most difficult due to the close interaction with the dynamic properties of the machine mechanics. The whole procedure is also applicable to the position and current control loop.
In situ measurement and closed-loop control for powder supply processes
Authors: Breese Philipp Peter , Hauser Tobias , Regulin Daniel , Seebauer Stefan , Rupprecht Christian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe powder mass flow rate is one of the main parameters regarding the geometrical precision of built components in the additive manufacturing process of laser metal deposition. However, its accuracy, constancy, and repeatability over the course of the running process is not given. Reasons among others are the performance of the powder conveyors, the complex nature of the powder behavior, and the resulting issues with existing closed-loop control approaches. Additionally, a direct in situ measurement of the powder mass flow rate is only possible with intrusive methods. This publication introduces a novel approach to measure the current powder mass flow rate at a frequency of 125 Hz. The volumetric powder flow evaluation given by a simple optical sensor concept was transferred to a mass flow rate through mathematical dependencies. They were found experimentally for a nickel-based powder (Inconel 625) and are valid for a wide range of mass flow rates. With this, the dynamic behavior of a vibration powder feeder was investigated and a memory effect dependent on previous powder feeder speeds was discovered. Next, a closed-loop control with the received sensor signal was implemented. The concept as a whole gives a repeatable and accurate powder mass flow rate while being universally retrofittable and applicable. In a final step, the improved dynamic and steady performance of the powder mass flow rate with closed-loop control was validated. It showed a reduction of mean relative errors for step responses of up to 81% compared to the uncontrolled cases.
Current situation of complications related to reconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapse: a multicenter study
Authors: Sun Zhi-jing , Guo Tao , Wang Xiu-qi , Lang Jing-he , Xu Tao , Zhu Lan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
This study aimed to investigate the evaluation and management of complications after pelvic floor reconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapse in China.

Methods
Complications of pelvic floor reconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapses from 27 institutions were reported from November 2017 to October 2019. All complications were coded according to the category-time-site system proposed by the International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) and the International Continence Society (ICS). The severity of the complications was graded by the Clavien-Dindo grading system. Four scales were used to evaluate patient satisfaction and quality of life after management of the complications: the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I), the Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire Short Form (PFIQ-7), the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Symptom Score (POP-SS), and a 5-point Likert-type scale that evaluated the patient’s choice of surgery.

Results
Totally, 256 cases were reported. The occurrence of complications related to transvaginal mesh (TVM) and laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) had a significantly longer post-surgery delay than those of native tissue repair surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.010, respectively). Both PFIQ-7 and POP-SS score were lower after management of complications (p < 0.001). Most respondents (81.67%) selected very much better, much better, or a little better on the PGI-I scale. Only 13.3% respondents selected unlikely or highly unlikely on the 5-point Likert-type scale.

Conclusions
The occurrence of complications related to TVM surgery and LSC had a longer post-surgery delay than native tissue repair surgery. Long-term regular follow-up was vital in complication management. Patient satisfaction with the management of TVM complications was acceptable.
Revisiting the JOQUER trial: stratification of primary Sjögren’s syndrome and the clinical and interferon response to hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Collins Alexis , Lendrem Dennis , Wason James , Tarn Jessica , Howard-Tripp Nadia , Bodewes Iris , Versnel Marjan A. , Gottenberg Jacques-Eric , Seror Raphaele , Mariette Xavier , Ng Wan-Fai 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTo re-analyse the clinical outcomes and interferon (IFN) activity data from the JOQUER trial, a phase III trial investigating hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS), after stratifying patients into putative pathobiological subgroups utilizing the Newcastle Sjögren’s Stratification Tool (NSST) based on patient-reported symptoms of dryness, pain, fatigue, anxiety and depression. 107 patients were assigned to one of four subgroups using NSST at baseline—the high symptom burden (HSB), pain dominant with fatigue (PDF), dryness dominant with fatigue (DDF) and low symptom burden (LSB). Endpoints were re-analysed after stratification, testing for treatment differences within subgroups and adjusting for baseline differences using a repeated measures covariate model. The HSB subgroup (n = 32) showed a relative improvement in ESSPRI of 1.49 points (95% CI 0.54–2.43;p = 0.002) within 12 weeks in patients taking HCQ compared to placebo, with no further changes after 24 weeks. For the LSB subgroup (n = 14), the ESSPRI worsened in the placebo but not the HCQ arm after 12 weeks (mean difference 1.44, 95% CI 0.05–2.83,p = 0.042). Neither the HSB nor the LSB patients showed significant changes in IFN activity at 24 weeks. There were no significant differences in ESSPRI in the PDF (n = 39) and DDF (n = 22) patients taking HCQ. However, significant reductions in overall IFN score at 24 weeks were seen in both PDF (difference at 24 weeks; 6.41, 95% CI, 2.48–10.34,p = 0.002) and DDF (difference at 24 weeks; 7.23, 95% CI, 1.85–12.6,p = 0.009) without improvement in ESSPRI. Although the JOQUER trial reported no overall benefit from HCQ in pSS patients, stratification suggests that both HSB and LSB subgroups may respond to HCQ. However, these patients may benefit through mechanisms other than the reduction of IFN activities.
Local, non-systemic, and minimally invasive therapies for calcinosis cutis: a systematic review
Authors: Nowaczyk Joanna , Zawistowski Michał , Fiedor Piotr 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCalcinosis cutis is a deposition of calcium in the skin and subcutaneous tissue, often accompanied by pain, reduced mobility, and chronic infections. Limited evidence is available about the feasibility and efficacy of therapies alternative to systemic treatment and surgical excision, both of which often lead to unsatisfactory results or complications. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical and intralesional sodium thiosulfate, extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and laser for calcinosis cutis. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched. Reports of calciphylaxis and treatment combined with systemic medications were excluded. A total of 40 studies including 136 patients were analysed. Partial or complete remission after monotherapy was observed in 64% to 81% of cases. Self-applied topical sodium thiosulfate required patient’s adherence (mean treatment duration, 4.9 months; range 2–24). Laser therapy enabled complete remission of microcalcifications after a single procedure (57%; 12/21). ESWL and intralesional sodium thiosulfate injections decreased calcinosis-associated pain (median reduction in VAS score, 3; range 0–9 and 1; range 0–5, respectively). The most common adverse event was scarring and hyperkeratosis, observed after CO2 laser (56%; 10/18). Intralesional sodium thiosulfate injections caused transient pain in over 11% of patients. Recurrences within the follow-up were rare (2%; 3/136). This study provides an overview of minimally invasive and local therapies that in selected cases might transcend conventional treatment. The limitation of this study is the poor level of evidence, which emerges mainly from non-randomized studies at high risk of bias.
Initiation of antidepressants in young adults after ischemic stroke: a registry-based follow-up study
Authors: Broman Jenna , Aarnio Karoliina , But Anna , Marinkovic Ivan , Rodríguez-Pardo Jorge , Kaste Markku , Tatlisumak Turgut , Putaala Jukka 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective
Data on post-stroke use of antidepressants in young individuals are scarce. We examined pattern and factors associated with initiating post-stroke antidepressants (PSAD) after ischemic stroke (IS) in young adults.

Methods
Helsinki Young Stroke Registry includes patients aged 15–49 years with first-ever IS, 1994–2007. Data on prescriptions, hospitalizations and death came from nationwide registers. We defined time of initiating PSAD as time of the first filled prescription for antidepressants within 1 year from IS. We assessed factors associated with initiating PSAD with multivariable Cox regression models, allowing for time-varying effects when appropriate.

Results
We followed 888 patients, of which 206 (23.2%) initiated PSAD. Higher hazard of starting PSAD within the first 100 days appeared among patients with mild versus no limb paresis 2.53 (95% confidence interval 1.48–4.31) and during later follow-up among those with silent infarcts (2.04; 1.27–3.28), prior use of antidepressants (2.09; 1.26–3.46) and moderate versus mild stroke (2.06; 1.18–3.58). The relative difference in the hazard rate for moderate–severe limb paresis persisted both within the first 100 days (3.84, 2.12–6.97) and during later follow-up (4.54; 2.51–8.23). The hazard rate was higher throughout the follow-up among smokers (1.48; 1.11–1.97) as well as lower (1.78; 1.25–2.54) and upper white-collar workers (2.00; 1.24–3.23) compared to blue-collar workers.

Conclusion
One-fourth of young adults started PSADs within 1 year from IS. We identified several specific clinical characteristics associated with PSAD initiation, highlighting their utility in assessing the risk of post-stroke depression during follow-up.
Flow-through isolation of human first trimester umbilical cord endothelial cells
Authors: Gruber Michael , Weiss Elisa , Siwetz Monika , Hiden Ursula , Gauster Martin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHuman umbilical vein and artery endothelial cells (HUVEC; HUAEC), placental endothelial cells (fpAEC), and endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) from cord blood are a widely used model for researching placental vascular development, fetal and placental endothelial function, and the effect of adverse conditions in pregnancy thereon. However, placental vascular development and angiogenesis start in the first weeks of gestation, and adverse conditions in pregnancy may also affect endothelial function before term, suggesting that endothelial cells from early pregnancy may respond differently. Thus, we established a novel, gentle flow-through method to isolate pure human umbilical endothelial cells from first trimester (FTUEC). FTUEC were characterized and their phenotype was compared to the umbilical endothelium in situ as well as to other fetal endothelial cell models from term of gestation, i.e. HUVEC, fpAEC, ECFC. FTUEC possess a CD34-positive, juvenile endothelial phenotype, and can be expanded and passaged. We regard FTUEC as a valuable tool to study developmental processes as well as the effect of adverse insults in pregnancy in vitro.
Collagen transport and related pathways in Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Claeys Lauria , Storoni Silvia , Eekhoff Marelise , Elting Mariet , Wisse Lisanne , Pals Gerard , Bravenboer Nathalie , Maugeri Alessandra , Micha Dimitra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOsteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) comprises a heterogeneous group of patients who share bone fragility and deformities as the main characteristics, albeit with different degrees of severity. Phenotypic variation also exists in other connective tissue aspects of the disease, complicating disease classification and disease course prediction. Although collagen type I defects are long established as the primary cause of the bone pathology, we are still far from comprehending the complete mechanism. In the last years, the advent of next generation sequencing has triggered the discovery of many new genetic causes for OI, helping to draw its molecular landscape. It has become clear that, in addition to collagen type I genes, OI can be caused by multiple proteins connected to different parts of collagen biosynthesis. The production of collagen entails a complex process, starting from the production of the collagen Iα1 and collagen Iα2 chains in the endoplasmic reticulum, during and after which procollagen is subjected to a plethora of posttranslational modifications by chaperones. After reaching the Golgi organelle, procollagen is destined to the extracellular matrix where it forms collagen fibrils. Recently discovered mutations in components of the retrograde transport of chaperones highlight its emerging role as critical contributor of OI development. This review offers an overview of collagen regulation in the context of recent gene discoveries, emphasizing the significance of transport disruptions in the OI mechanism. We aim to motivate exploration of skeletal fragility in OI from the perspective of these pathways to identify regulatory points which can hint to therapeutic targets.
Untersuchungen von Hammerschlag aus einer Schmiedeesse im römerzeitlichen Marmorsteinbruchrevier Spitzelofen in Kärnten, Österreich
Authors: Karl Stephan , Modl Daniel , Strobl Susanne , Haubner Roland 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungIm römerzeitlichen Marmorsteinbruchrevier Spitzelofen in Kärnten wurden bei archäologischen Ausgrabungen metallurgische Reste aus einer Schmiedeesse gefunden, die die Bearbeitung der Werkzeuge in unmittelbarer Nähe zum Steinbruch belegen. Aus einer holzkohlehaltigen Schicht wurden drei Korngrößenfraktionen von Hammerschlag gewonnen und untersucht. In allen Proben wurden die Eisenoxide Wüstit (FeO), Magnetit (Fe3O4) und Hämatit (Fe2O3) nachgewiesen. In der feinsten Fraktion (0–0,5 mm) befanden sich eher gleichförmige Hammerschlagpartikel neben größeren Anteilen an Kalzit (Marmor) und Quarz. In den gröberen Fraktionen lag der Hammerschlag plättchenförmig vor. In den Proben konnte neben den Eisenoxiden lokal auch Schlacke und metallisches Eisen nachgewiesen werden.Das Vorliegen von plättchenförmigem Hammerschlag zeigt, dass dieser durch Verzunderung während des Schmiedevorgangs entstanden ist und bei den verwendeten Schmiedetemperaturen die Schmelzpunkte von Gusseisen und Schlacke nicht erreicht wurden (T < 1150 °C).Für die Nachbearbeitung von groben Bergbauwerkzeugen (Doppelspitzschlägel, Setzkeile usw.) war es vermutlich nicht notwendig, das gesamte Werkzeug auf Schmiedetemperatur zu erwärmen, sondern nur so weit, dass die gewünschte Verformung erreicht werden konnte.
Interleukin-1β and cathepsin D modulate formation of the terminal complement complex in cultured human disc tissue
Authors: Teixeira Graciosa Q. , Yong Zhiyao , Kuhn Amelie , Riegger Jana , Goncalves Raquel M. , Ruf Michael , Mauer Uwe M. , Huber-Lang Markus , Ignatius Anita , Brenner Rolf E. , Neidlinger-Wilke Cornelia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Formation of terminal complement complex (TCC), a downstream complement system activation product inducing inflammatory processes and cell lysis, has been identified in degenerated discs. However, it remains unclear which molecular factors regulate complement activation during disc degeneration (DD). This study investigated a possible involvement of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the lysosomal protease cathepsin D (CTSD).

Methods
Disc biopsies were collected from patients suffering from DD (n = 43) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS, n = 13). Standardized tissue punches and isolated cells from nucleus pulposus (NP), annulus fibrosus (AF) and endplate (EP) were stimulated with 5% human serum (HS) alone or in combination with IL-1β, CTSD or zymosan. TCC formation and modulation by the complement regulatory proteins CD46, CD55 and CD59 were analysed.

Results
In DD tissue cultures, IL-1β stimulation decreased the percentage of TCC + cells in AF and EP (P < 0.05), whereas CTSD stimulation significantly increased TCC deposition in NP (P < 0.01) and zymosan in EP (P < 0.05). Overall, the expression of CD46, CD55 and CD59 significantly increased in all isolated cells during culture (P < 0.05). Moreover, cellular TCC deposition was HS concentration dependent but unaffected by IL-1β, CTSD or zymosan.

Conclusion
These results suggest a functional relevance of IL-1β and CTSD in modulating TCC formation in DD, with differences between tissue regions. Although strong TCC deposition may represent a degeneration-associated event, IL-1β may inhibit it. In contrast, TCC formation was shown to be triggered by CTSD, indicating a multifunctional involvement in disc pathophysiology.