bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State Spending on Public Benefit Programs and Child Maltreatment
Authors: Puls Henry T. , Hall Matthew , Anderst James D. , Gurley Tami , Perrin James , Chung Paul J. 
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND
To determine the association between states’ total spending on benefit programs and child maltreatment outcomes.

METHODS
This was an ecological study of all US states during federal fiscal years 2010–2017. The primary predictor was states’ total annual spending on local, state, and federal benefit programs per person living ≤100% federal poverty limit, which was the sum of (1) cash, housing, and in-kind assistance, (2) housing infrastructure, (3) child care assistance, (4) refundable Earned Income Tax Credit, and (5) Medical Assistance Programs. The main outcomes were rates of maltreatment reporting, substantiations, foster care placements, and fatalities after adjustment for relevant confounders. Generalized estimating equations adjusted for federal spending and estimated adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTS
States’ total spending was inversely associated with all maltreatment outcomes. For each additional $1000 states spent on benefit programs per person living in poverty, there was an associated −4.3% (adjusted IRR: 0.9573 [95% CI: 0.9486 to 0.9661]) difference in reporting, −4.0% (adjusted IRR: 0.903 [95% CI: 0.9534 to 0.9672]) difference in substantiations, −2.1% (adjusted IRR: 0.9795 [95% CI: 0.9759 to 0.9832]) difference in foster care placements, and −7.7% (adjusted IRR: 0.9229 [95% CI: 0.9128 to 0.9330]) difference in fatalities. In 2017, extrapolating $1000 of additional spending for each person living in poverty ($46.5 billion nationally, or 13.3% increase) might have resulted in 181 850 fewer reports, 28 575 fewer substantiations, 4168 fewer foster care placements, and 130 fewer fatalities.

CONCLUSIONS
State spending on benefit programs was associated with reductions in child maltreatment, which might offset some benefit program costs.
Fault Geometry and Slip Distribution of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, China, Earthquake Inferred from InSAR Measurements and Relocated Aftershocks
Authors: He Kefeng , Wen Yangmao , Xu Caijun , Zhao Yingwen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A nearly 70 yr hiatus of major seismic activity in the central eastern Bayan Har block (BKB) ended on 22 May 2021, when a multislip-peak sinistral strike-slip earthquake struck western Maduo County, Qinghai. This earthquake, which ruptured the nearly 170 km long Kunlun Pass–Jiangcuo fault, is a rather unique event and offers a rare opportunity to probe the mechanical properties of the intraplate lithosphere of the central eastern BKB. Here, we inferred the fault geometry associated with the Maduo earthquake using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), and relocated aftershocks and inverted the slip distribution through InSAR radar phases and range offsets. Our analysis revealed that the geometry of the fault varies along the strike: the southeastern end of the fault dips steeply to the northeast, whereas the northwestern end dips southwestward. Using the combined datasets to constrain a coseismic slip, we found that the 2021 Maduo event was dominated by sinistral strike-slip movement, with a slight normal-slip component at a shallow depth, rupturing the steep-dipping fault for nearly 170 km in length. Five asperities were detected along the fault strike in the shallow crust (0–12 km) with a peak slip of ∼4.2 m corresponding mostly to simple structures, namely, continuous and straight rupture segments, suggesting that the rupture propagated across geometrical barriers in a multiasperity way. Based on an analysis of the strain field and the focal mechanisms of both the 2021 Maduo earthquake and historical earthquakes that have occurred in the BKB, we propose that the fault zones within the BKB can also generate large earthquakes and have the ability to accommodate the ongoing eastward and northeastward penetration of the Indian plate into the Eurasian plate.
Protótipo de baixo custo utilizando plataforma arduino para análise de turbidez e condutividade da água
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Henrique Barbosa de , Guimarães Marco Antônio Alchaar , Castro Marco Antonio Barbosa , Silva Rogério Starich , Franco Mauro Lúcio 
Published: October 2021

O Brasil apresenta um grande déficit no sistema público de saneamento básico, principalmente em relação à distribuição e ao controle da qualidade da água. Dessa maneira, como forma de minimizar parte desses problemas, este trabalho tem por finalidade o desenvolvimento de dois sensores que medem a turbidez e a condutividade para o monitoramento da qualidade da água em residências, utilizando a plataforma Arduino. Os sensores foram desenvolvidos com materiais de baixo custo para serem instalados em canos de três quartos de polegada, os testes foram feitos em triplicatas e os resultados obtidos foram comparados, objetivando um funcionamento semelhante dos sensores de mesmos materiais. Sendo assim, foi possível determinar pequenas variações de turbidez na água, ademais o sensor de condutividade foi capaz de diferenciar a presença de água ou ar na tubulação, bem como identificar bruscas variações na condutividade elétrica do meio, podendo, assim, revelar alguma irregularidade no abastecimento.
Legal Aspects of Cooperatives’ Issuance of Products to Non-Member Communities in Indonesia
Authors: Adristi Dhia Novita , Gultom Elisatris , Faisal Pupung 
Published: October 2021

Regulations in the business activities of savings and loan cooperatives that allow cooperatives to collect funds from prospective members result in the possibility of issuing product to non-member communities. This study analyzed that the practice of issuing products to non-member communities is a deviation of cooperative’s business activity based on the laws and regulations in the cooperative sector and eliminates the identity of the cooperative in the form of the principle of membership, which is the specialty of the cooperative and the purpose of a cooperative business entity for the welfare of its members. The study used a normative approach, which aimed to examine existing regulations and relate to legal principles and theories. This study was descriptive-analytical by explaining, describing, and correlating legal rules and theories with the problems regarding the raise funds business from prospective members. It accounted the cooperative regulations, objectives, and principles of membership in cooperatives to the practice of issuing products to non-member communities that deviate from statutory regulations does not arise. This study showed that the practice of publishing products to non-member communities is a deviation from statutory regulations, objectives, and membership principles in cooperatives. In the meantime, the implementation of cooperatives while maintaining cooperatives' identity requires the role of all cooperative actors, the government, and the general public in preventing and following up on savings and loan cooperative practices that eliminate membership rights for service users.
KEYWORDS: Cooperative Law, Cooperatives in Indonesia, Economic Democracy.
Organizing Micro Economic Scale through Women Empowerment Group (Descriptive Study in Pesanggrahan Village)
Authors: Jannah Andita Uzlifatil , Mulyono Joko 
Published: October 2021

The unemployment problem is triggered by the imbalance of job opportunities and the number of job seekers, especially in rural areas. Besides, restrictions on working women based on customs and norms in the village make it difficult for women to find work. The view that women should focus on domestic and family matters. It limits women to work to help improve the family economy. Thus, empowerment for women through community empowerment group is needed to be able to carry out economic activities without having to leave their duties as a housewife. The theoretical framework of this study is the theory of liberal feminism gender based on women's freedom and equality. This study uses a qualitative method and purposive sampling. Data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are that empowering women can do business on a micro-scale to help increase family income; Also, this research explains about equality between women and men, and forms of women's participation, democracy, transparency, and accountability in women's empowerment programs.
Keywords: Self-help groups, Gender equality, government programs
Referensi:
Idrus, Muhammad. 2009. Metode Penelitian Ilmu Sosial. Cetakan Kedua.
Jakarta: Erlangga
Irwan, P. 2006. Penelitian Kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk ilmu-ilmu sosial. Depok: FISIP UI PRES
Jamaluddin, Dr. Adon Nasrullah. 2015. Sosiologi Perkotaan. Surakarta : Pustaka Setia
Materi Pelatihan Tim Vrifikasi PNPM-MP Keamatan Jangkar Tahun 2010
Moleong, Lexy. 2008. Metode penelitian kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya
Nazir. 1988. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Galia Indonesia
Profil Desa Pesanggrahan Tahun 2018
Satori Djam’an, Komariah Aan. 2012. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung :Alfabeta
Sugihastuti, Saptiawan Itsna Hadi. 2007. Gender & Inferioritas Perempuan. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar
Sugiyono. 2005. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung : Alfabeta
The Role of Spiritual Guidance for the Patient in Reinterpreting Pain At Al-Irsyad Hospital in Surabaya
Authors: Nurhidayati Nurhidayati , Handayani Baiq Lily 
Published: October 2021

Patient Companions (spiritual guidance for patients) at Al-Irsyad Hospital in Surabaya has been around since 2013. Al-Irsyad Hospital is an Islamic hospital that involves 'Friends of Patients' who can provide spiritual needs even when needed to strengthen the patient's mind in the process of healing. The construction process carried out by Friends of Patients is not only for patients but also for all components of the hospital, especially for employees as an Islamic hospital culture. The theoretical framework of this study is the social construction of Peter L Berger and Thomas Luckman. This type of research is qualitative research and how to determine the informants in this study using purposive techniques. Retrieval of data using observation, interviews, and documentation. While the data validity test in this study uses data triangulation, the findings of this study indicate that there is a change in perspective regarding pain, among others, illness is a trial and test from God. Illness is a form of forgiveness of sins and errors of God. The disease also elevates human degrees. Therefore, patients can reinterpret the meaning of the pain they are suffering from and realize that they are God's creatures.
Keywords: spiritual needs, Islamic hospitals, a reinterpretation of illness, illness, patients.
Referensi:
Arifin, Isep Zainal. 2012. Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam untuk Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah, 6 (19)
Praktikya, Ahmad Watik dan Abdul Salam M. Sofro, 1985, Islam, Etika, dan Kesehatan. Jakarta: CV Rajawali
Sunaryo. 2014. Sosiologi untuk Keperawatan. Jakarta: Bumi Medika.
Parsons, T (dalam Sunaryo). 2014. Sosiologi untuk Keperawatan. Jakarta: Bumi Medika.
Luckman, dan Berger. 1990. Tafsir Sosial atas Kenyataan. Jakarta: LP3S.
Sudarma. 2012. Sosiologi untuk Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Faqih, Ainurrohim. 2000. Bimbingan Konseling dalam Islam. Yogyakarta: UII Press.
The Self-Concept of Students Receiving Bidik Misi Scholarships at University of Jember
Authors: Garniasih Belly , Jannah Raudlatul 
Published: October 2021

One of the scholarship programs at the University of Jember, which annually provides a lot of quotas, is a scholarship through the Bidikmisi program, which is given to students who come from economically low-income families and a good history of achievement. As it is known that ideally, Bidikmisi students must behave, appear, and act according to the definition of Bidikmisi scholarship itself to prevent misunderstandings in the use of scholarship funds. But still, some Bidikmisi students at Jember University do not display the definition of 'ideal.' From this phenomenon, a question arises about 'Self-Concept of Bidikmisi Students at Jember University.' In this study, researchers used a qualitative descriptive approach, which aims to obtain information about the self-concepts of Bidikmisi students at Jember University. The theory used is symbolic interactionism by George Herbert Mead, where the theory explains that a person is seen as an actor who interprets, evaluates, defines, acts, and tells about the use of symbols as a form of interpretation in one's interactions with others or with groups. The symbols used cold become in the form of verbal or nonverbal. The results showed that there were two kinds of Bidikmisi students' self-concepts, namely positive concepts and negative concepts. Positive self-concept, namely (1) making parents proud, (2) getting high achievements and aspirations, (3) being responsible. On the other hand, negative self-concepts are (1) feeling inferior (2) overly confident.
Keywords: self-concept, Bidikmisi students, positive concepts, negative concept
Referensi:
Burns, R.B. 1993. Konsep Diri Teori, Pengakuan, Perkembangan dan Perilaku. Jakarta. Arcan. Alih bahasa: Eddy.
belmawa.ristekdikti.go.id/petunjuk/pedoman&ved (diakses pada 10/03/2018).
Rakhmat, Jalaludin. 2007. Psikologi Komunikasi. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Ritzer dan Goodman. 2012. Teori Sosiologi Dari Teori Sosiologi Klasik Sampai Perkembangan Mutakhir Teori Sosial Postmodern. Bantul: Kreasi Wacana.
Sobur, Alex. 2013. Psikologi Umum dalam Lintasan Sejarah. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.
Shintaviana, Fransisca Vivi. 2014. Konsep Diri Serta Faktor-Faktor Pembentuk Konsep Diri Berdasarkan Teori Interaksionisme Simbolik (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Kantor Kamahasiswaan, Alumni Dan Campus Ministry Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta. E-journal.uajy.ac.id.id/5780/ (diakses pada 17/09/2017).
The Articulation of Healthy Water Closet Program in Kabuaran Village of Bondowoso: Analysing Society’s Behavioural Change in Defecation
Authors: Nisa Wardani Khoirun , Handayani Baiq Lily 
Published: October 2021

The people in Kabuaran village used to defecate haphazardly. Since a sanitation program for healthy closet was promulgated, the people have been used to using water closet. To date, the village has been renowned as Open Defecation Free (ODF) Village, which is national award endowed to an area where the poeple no longer defecate haphazardly. The present study applied qualitative approach. The paradigm founded the study was criticism paradigm, coupled with the theory of Hegemony and Gramsci domination, adopted from Marx. The research findings evinced that the public behavioural change represented government’s control, actualized by local government. The synergy was a structure operationalized for positive behavioural change to stop haphazard defecating. Numerous innovations and initiatives were carried out by the village government, be it providing public toilet, clean water program, and water closet provision. It was at this juncture that domination mechanism was at work. In this regard, the village government accidentally involved traditional intellects, religious figures, to take part in accruing public awareness, which was done in hegemonic manner through regular Al-Qur’an recital.
Keywords: Behavioural change, domination, hegemony, traditional intellects.
Referensi:
Djik, Kees van. 2011. Soap is The Onset of Civilization. Dalam van Djik, Kees., & Jean G. Taylor. Cleanliness and Culture: Indonesia Histories. Leiden: KITLV Press
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Simajuntak, B., dan Pasaribu I. L. 1986. Sosiologi Pembangunan. Bandung: Penerbit TARSITO.
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Susan, Novri. 2008. Pengantar Sosiologi Konflik dan Isu-isu Konflik Kontemporer. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada.
Tilaar, H. A. R. 2003. Kekuasaan dan Pendidikan: Suatu Tinjauan dari Perspektif Studi Kultural). Magelang: IndonesiaTera.
Zuriah, Nurul. 2009. Metode Penelitian Sosial dan Pendidikan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara
Rio, Sutanto Boby. 2015. Perilaku Masyarakat dalam Pemanfaatan Sarana Mandi Cuci Kakus (MCK): Studi Deskriptif Warga Desa Candijati Kecamatan Arjasa Kabupaten Jember. Universitas Jember: Jurusan Kesejahteraan Sosial.
Munthe, Hadriana Nurhaeni. 2007. Modernisasi dan Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat dalam Pembangunan Pertanian: Suatu Tinjauan Sosiologis. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Harmoni Sosial Volume II No. 1.
Construction of Knowledge about Sholawat among "Bhenning" Recitation Members in Situbondo
Authors: Islamiyah Shofiatul 
Published: October 2021

This study explains the construction of knowledge among members of the Sholawat Bhenning Community in Situbondo. By using social construction theory, this research describes the reality of the community based on the experience of the Bhenning prayer members. The research method used was qualitative, with in-depth interviews toward members of Sholawat Bhenning. The results of this study are the participation of members in the prayer activities carried out by the Bhenning group has changed bad behavior into good behavior. Members have many reasons to join the Sholawat Bhenning community. 1) Members want to learn about theater; 2) Members were fascinated by Karisma Kyai Aza Ibrahimy, 3) Members wished to gain knowledge from the group of Sholawat Bhenning; 4) members wanted to get merit from Allah Subhanahu wata'ala. Finally, their participation was supported by their friends. Keywords: "Bhenning" prayer, Social Construction, youth, motivation involved, behavior change
Referensi:
Afifah, Latifatul. 2014. Eksistensi Pengajian Nurul Hidayat Dalam Meningkatkan Perilaku Sosial Keagamaan Remaja di Desa Trosono Kecamatan Sekaran Kabupaten Lamongan. Skripsi.UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Alfina, Citra 2017. Perilaku Beragama Masyarakat Urban di Kawasan Ampel Surabaya. Skripsi. UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Jayadina, Afnani 2012. Fungsi Sosial Pengajian Bergilir di Rumah Warga.Jurnal Penelitian.Yogyakarta
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Praktik Agensi Masyarakat Desa Nglurup Dalam Program Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM)
Authors: Handayani Baiq Lily , Akhbar Bobby 
Published: October 2021

Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan Argo Mulyo sudah ada sejak tahun 2006 lalu, lembaga tersebut dibentuk oleh pihak Perhutani melalui program Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui serta menjelaskan tentang praktik agensi masyarakat Desa Nglurup dalam pengelolaan hutan bersama masyarakat. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan deskriptif naratif. Untuk lokasi penelitian, peneliti mengambil setting di Desa Nglurup Kabupaten Tulungagung. Teknik penentuan informan yang dipakai oleh peneliti menggunakan teknik purposive yang dianggap relevan dengan masalah penelitian tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi lapangan serta dokumentasi. Adapun uji keabsahan data yang dipakai yakni teknik triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian tersebut keterlibatan praktik agensi masyarakat dalam kegiatan penanaman lahan hutan, masyarakat berperan dalam kegiatan tersebut secara sukarela sebagai upaya mereka untuk melestarikan hutan melalui kegiatan penanaman bibit di lahan hutan. Praktik agensi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan lahan hutan yakni mereka pada umumnya menggarap lahan hutan produksi milik Perhutani. Praktik agensi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan kawasan wisata hutan.
Kata kunci: PHBM, pelestarian hutan, praktik agensi
Dampak Sosial dan Ekonomi Kunjungan Wisata di Desa Wisata Organik Lombok Kulon, Bondowoso
Authors: Cahyani Larasati Tiara , Ganefo Akhmad 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh berkembangnya pengelolaan Desa Wisata Organik Lombok Kulon yang menggunakan konsep CBT dan mampu menarik wisatawan baik lokal maupun mancanegara, serta menimbulkan beberapa dampak dalam kehidupan masyarakat setempat. Adanya kunjungan dari wisatawan ke Desa Lombok Kulon tersebut jelas menimbulkan beberapa dampak bagi kehidupan masyarakat setempat. Artikel ini akan membahas tentang dampak sosial dan ekonomi dari kunjungan wisata di Desa Wisata Organik Lombok Kulon bagi masyarakat setempat. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori dampak pariwisata yang dikemukakan oleh Erik Cohen. Penelitian ini pun menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, serta studi pustaka. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah munculnya dampak sosial dan ekonomi kunjungan wisata di Desa Wisata Organik Lombok Kulon, Bondowoso bagi masyarakat setempat. Dampak sosial dan ekonomi yang ditimbulkan antara lain : (1) Meningkatnya produksi kerajinan Desa Lombok Kulon, (2) Terbukanya lapangan pekerjaan baru bagi masyarakat,(3) Dampak terhadap stratifikasi dan mobilitas sosial, (4) Munculnya antusias masyarakat untuk melestarikan kesenian lokal, (5) Dampak terhadap dasar organisasi, dan (6) Munculnya antusias masyarakat terhadap Bahasa Inggris.
Kata Kunci: Dampak Sosial, Dampak Ekonomi, Dampak Pariwisata, Desa Wisata