bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontal and parietal background connectivity and their dynamic changes account for individual differences in the multisensory representation of peripersonal space
Authors: Spadone Sara , Perrucci Mauro Gianni , Di Cosmo Giulio , Costantini Marcello , Della Penna Stefania , Ferri Francesca 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFunctional connectivity (FC) of brain networks dynamically fluctuates during both rest and task execution. Individual differences in dynamic FC have been associated with several cognitive and behavioral traits. However, whether dynamic FC also contributes to sensorimotor representations guiding body-environment interactions, such as the representation of peripersonal space (PPS), is currently unknown. PPS is the space immediately surrounding the body and acts as a multisensory interface between the individual and the environment. We used an audio-tactile task with approaching sounds to map the individual PPS extension, and fMRI to estimate the background FC. Specifically, we analyzed FC values for each stimulus type (near and far space) and its across-trial variability. FC was evaluated between task-relevant nodes of two fronto-parietal networks (the Dorsal Attention Network, DAN, and the Fronto-Parietal Network, FPN) and a key PPS region in the premotor cortex (PM). PM was significantly connected to specific task-relevant nodes of the DAN and the FPN during the audio-tactile task, and FC was stronger while processing near space, as compared to far space. At the individual level, less PPS extension was associated with stronger premotor-parietal FC during processing of near space, while the across-trial variability of premotor-parietal and premotor-frontal FC was higher during the processing of far space. Notably, only across-trial FC variability captured the near-far modulation of space processing. Our findings indicate that PM connectivity with task-relevant frontal and parietal regions and its dynamic changes participate in the mechanisms that enable PPS representation, in agreement with the idea that neural variability plays a crucial role in plastic and dynamic sensorimotor representations.
Encapsulation and dispersion of Lactobacillus acidophilus in a chocolate coating as a strategy for maintaining cell viability in cereal bars
Authors: Lasta Everton Luiz , da Silva Pereira Ronning Eduardo , Dekker Robert F. H. , da Cunha Mário Antônio Alves 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFlour from Pereskia aculeata leaf and green banana were used as ingredients in the formulation of a cereal bar with added Lactobacillus acidophilus LA02-ID-1688. Encapsulation in a calcium-alginate hydrogel reinforced with magnesium hydroxide was used as a strategy to protect the probiotic cells under gastrointestinal conditions and to prolong shelf-life. The results are relevant especially for maintaining cell viability during shelf-life; a challenge for the food industry in relation to dry probiotic products. Encapsulation promoted the protection of probiotic cells in simulated gastric and intestinal conditions, allowing the maintenance of high viable cell counts (> 10 log CFU, colony forming unit). Encapsulation also contributed to cellular protection under extreme temperature conditions, with reductions of cell viability of < 1 logarithmic cycle when the capsules were subjected to 55ºC/10 min. Even at 75ºC/10 min, encapsulation protected the probiotic cells 3-times greater than the free-cells. The food bar proved to be rich in dietary fiber (19 g 100 g−1), lipids (12.63 g 100 g−1) and showed an appreciable protein content (5.44 g 100 g−1). A high viable probiotic cell count on storage over 120 days (12.54 log CFU) was observed, maintaining a probiotic survival rate > 90% and viability levels sufficient to promote health benefits.
Modelling the behaviour of thermal energy harvesting devices with phase-change materials
Authors: Kulish Vladimir , Hyhlík Tomáš , Sláma Pavel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a new general theoretical model of thermal energy harvesting devices (TEHDs), which utilise phase-change materials (PCMs) for energy storage. The model's major goal is to identify a set of parameters under which these devices perform optimally, that is, attain the largest thermal buffering capacity and exchange heat with the surrounding phase as quickly as possible. For the first time, an expression for the characteristic harvesting time is developed from the constructal theory viewpoint under the optimal performance assumption, and a dimensionless criterion that characterizes PCM performance is provided. Furthermore, a new non-field solution of the energy equation governing the process of heat transfer within TEHDs with PCMs has also been derived. An expression for the effective thermal effusivity is then obtained. Finally, under a given set of boundary conditions and geometrical constraints, a novel simple technique for the optimal choice of PCMs in TEHDs has been established.
Changing the firing threshold for normal optic nerve axons by the application of infra-red laser light
Authors: Austerschmidt Lavinia J. , Schottler Nadine I. , Miller Alyssa M. , Baker Mark D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNormal optic nerve axons exhibit a temperature dependence, previously explained by a membrane potential hyperpolarization on warming. We now report that near infra-red laser light, delivered via a fibre optic light guide, also affects axonal membrane potential and threshold, at least partly through a photo-thermal effect. Application of light to optic nerve, at the recording site, gave rise to a local membrane potential hyperpolarization over a period of about a minute, and increased the size of the depolarizing after potential. Application near the site of electrical stimulation reversibly raised current-threshold, and the change in threshold recorded over minutes of irradiation was significantly increased by the application of the Ih blocker, ZD7288 (50 µM), indicating Ih limits the hyperpolarizing effect of light. Light application also had fast effects on nerve behaviour, increasing threshold without appreciable delay (within seconds), probably by a mechanism independent of kinetically fast K+ channels and Na+ channel inactivation, and hypothesized to be caused by reversible changes in myelin function.
Association between body fat parameters and arterial stiffness
Authors: Kim Hack-Lyoung , Ahn Dong-Won , Kim Su Hwan , Lee Dong Seok , Yoon Soon Ho , Zo Joo-Hee , Kim Myung-A. , Jeong Ji Bong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe influence of body fat on arterial stiffness remains controversial. This study was performed to investigate the associations between four different types of body fat parameters and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). A total of 3758 subjects (mean age, 53.4 ± 8.8 years; females, 36.3%) who underwent health check-up were retrospectively analyzed. Anthropometric parameters including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist–hip ratio (WHR) were assessed, and visceral fat area (VFA) was calculated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. In simple linear correlation analyses, baPWV was associated with WC, WHR and VFA (P < 0.001 for each), but not with BMI (P = 0.175). In multivariable analyses, BMI and WC were not associated with baPWV (P > 0.05 for each). Even after controlling for potential confounders, higher baPWV was significantly associated not only with higher WHR [for > 0.90 in men and > 0.85 in women: odds ratio (OR), 1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.42;P = 0.005; for the highest tertile compared to the lowest tertile: OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.15–1.66;P < 0.001], but also with higher VFA (for ≥ 100 cm2: OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.20–1.60;P < 0.001; for the highest tertile compared to the lowest tertile: OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.48–2.12;P < 0.001). Our study showed that baPWV was correlated with WHR and VFA, but not with BMI and WC. This implies that arterial stiffness may be more strongly associated with abdominal obesity than overall obesity.
A template-free approach for waveform extraction of gravitational wave events
Authors: Akhshi A. , Alimohammadi H. , Baghram S. , Rahvar S. , Tabar M. Reza Rahimi , Arfaei H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe develop a general data-driven and template-free method for the extraction of event waveforms in the presence of background noise. Recent gravitational-wave observations provide one of the significant scientific areas requiring data analysis and waveform extraction capability. We use our method to find the waveforms for the reported events from the first, second, and third LIGO observation runs (O1, O2, and O3). Using the instantaneous frequencies derived by the Hilbert transform of the extracted waveforms, we provide the physical time delays between the arrivals of gravitational waves to the detectors.
Breakthrough whole body energy-specific and tissue-specific photoneutron dosimetry by novel miniature neutron dosimeter/spectrometer
Authors: Sohrabi Mehdi , Torkamani Morteza Ebrahimzadeh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBreakthrough whole body energy-specific photoneutron (PN) dosimetry was made in/out-of-field in polyethylene phantom organ surface/depths remote from isocenter of 10 × 10 cm2 field prostate cancer therapy in 18 MV X-rays Varian Clinac 2100C medical linear accelerator for PN tissue-specific second primary cancer (PN-SPC) risk estimation. A novel miniature neutron dosimeter/spectrometer with polycarbonate/10B/cadmium inserts was invented and applied. Each dosimeter determines seven tissue-specific dose equivalent (mSv)/Gy X-ray dose at each measurement point providing seven major energy-specific responses for beam thermal, albedo thermal, total thermal, total epithermal, total fast, sum of totals (thermal + epithermal) and sum of totals (thermal + epithermal + fast) PNs dose equivalents. The neutron dosimeter is simple, efficient, and unique with high spatial resolution and provides matrix of energy-specific PN dose equivalent (mSv)/Gy X-ray dose on surface and organ depths for tissue-specific PN-SPC risk estimation. The dosimeter also performs like a “miniature neutron spectrometer” and is unique for other applications in health physics in particular individual neutron dosimetry, medical physics, space flights, science and technology.
Risk assessment of latent tuberculosis infection through a multiplexed cytokine biosensor assay and machine learning feature selection
Authors: Robison Heather M. , Chapman Cole A. , Zhou Haowen , Erskine Courtney L. , Theel Elitza , Peikert Tobias , Lindestam Arlehamn Cecilia S. , Sette Alessandro , Bushell Colleen , Welge Michael , Zhu Ruoqing , Bailey Ryan C. , Escalante Patricio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAccurate detection and risk stratification of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) remains a major clinical and public health problem. We hypothesize that multiparameter strategies that probe immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis can provide new diagnostic insights into not only the status of LTBI infection, but also the risk of reactivation. After the initial proof-of-concept study, we developed a 13-plex immunoassay panel to profile cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated separately with Mtb-relevant and non-specific antigens to identify putative biomarker signatures. We sequentially enrolled 65 subjects with various risk of TB exposure, including 32 subjects with diagnosis of LTBI. Random Forest feature selection and statistical data reduction methods were applied to determine cytokine levels across different normalized stimulation conditions. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis for full and reduced feature sets revealed differences in biomarkers signatures for LTBI status and reactivation risk designations. The reduced set for increased risk included IP-10, IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-15, IL-17, CCL3, and CCL8 under varying normalized stimulation conditions. ROC curves determined predictive accuracies of > 80% for both LTBI diagnosis and increased risk designations. Our study findings suggest that a multiparameter diagnostic approach to detect normalized cytokine biomarker signatures might improve risk stratification in LTBI.
Identification and characterization of CYPs induced in the Drosophila antenna by exposure to a plant odorant
Authors: Baldwin Shane R. , Mohapatra Pratyajit , Nagalla Monica , Sindvani Rhea , Amaya Desiree , Dickson Hope A. , Menuz Karen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMembers of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) enzyme family are abundantly expressed in insect olfactory tissues, where they are thought to act as Odorant Degrading Enzymes (ODEs). However, their contribution to olfactory signaling in vivo is poorly understood. This is due in part to the challenge of identifying which of the dozens of antennal-expressed CYPs might inactivate a given odorant. Here, we tested a high-throughput deorphanization strategy in Drosophila to identify CYPs that are transcriptionally induced by exposure to odorants. We discovered three CYPs selectively upregulated by geranyl acetate using transcriptional profiling. Although these CYPs are broadly expressed in the antenna in non-neuronal cells, electrophysiological recordings from CYP mutants did not reveal any changes in olfactory neuron responses to this odorant. Neurons were desensitized by pre-exposing flies to the odorant, but this effect was similar in CYP mutants. Together, our data suggest that the induction of a CYP gene by an odorant does not necessarily indicate a role for that CYP in neuronal responses to that odorant. We go on to show that some CYPs have highly restricted expression patterns in the antenna, and suggest that such CYPs may be useful candidates for further studies on olfactory CYP function.
Prognostic factors and population-based analysis of melanoma with sentinel lymph node biopsy
Authors: Wu Ping-Chung , Chen Yu-Ching , Chen Hsiu-Min , Chen Lee-Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCutaneous malignant melanoma is a rare but fatal disease in East Asia. Despite its increasing incidence, a general lack of awareness about the disease was noted. This study aims to provide population-based prognostic analysis of melanoma with sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in Taiwan. We conducted this retrospective cohort study using the data from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database during 1997–2013. The study cohort contains 3284 patients. The 5-year survival rates of patients undergoing SLNB and not undergoing SLNB were 45.5% and 33.6%. In multivariate analysis, age ≥ 80 years [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 2.15] and male (aHR = 1.19) were associated with a poorer prognosis, while high social economic status (SES) (aHR = 0.69) and undergoing SLNB (aHR = 0.84) were good prognostic factors. Old age and low SES were associated with lower percentages of patients undergoing SLNB (P < 0.001). E-value analysis suggested robustness to unmeasured confounding. In conclusion, undergoing SLNB was associated with a better prognosis. The poor prognosis of old age and low SES may be due to decreased percentages of patients undergoing SLNB. Therefore, we recommend that SLNB should be performed on patients, especially in old age or low SES, who are candidates for SLNB according to current guidelines to achieve maximal survival.
In situ anchoring Zn-doped ZIF-67 on carboxymethylated bacterial cellulose for effective indigo carmine capture
Authors: Mai Tian , Wang Pei-Lin , Yuan Qi , Ma Chang , Ma Ming-Guo 
Published: October 2021

Novel ZIFs@carboxymethylated bacterial cellulose composite films with high surface area and 3D structure are fabricated by in situ method, showing a high ZIFs loading rate and satisfactory selective indigo carmine removal efficiency.
Research to justify the perspective use of individual coordinate systems for contiguous objects modelling with the case study of Moscow Saints Petersburg railway
Authors: Portnov Aleksei 
Published: October 2021

The science of cartography should provide a historical mission, that is navigation, and also meet modern agendas including significantly expanding opportunities for BIM technologies, integrating functions of GIS and CAD systems. In this regard, cartography should be considered a fundamental basis for modern trends while creating digital twins of spatial objects. The practical part of the provided experiments included data collecting aimed at Moscow Saints Petersburg railway infrastructure, the calculation of optimal parameters of the oblique Mercator projection in the Hotine version for the given object, and the construction of a 3D railway track model.
This research investigated the principles of unique cartographic projections, strictly focused on the certain functioning objects.
The research can helps many users and designers of digital twins of spatial objects pay their attention to the applied cartography specifics concerning these issues and also take into account the recommendations while creating Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Infrastructure Information Modelling (IIM) as well.
Martin on discourse semantics, genre, educational linguistics
Authors: Martin James R. , Gao Yanmei , Li Hanbing , Song Chengfang , Wei Minglong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
J. R. Martin is a leading scholar who has greatly developed the theoretical framework of systemic functional
linguistics (SFL) over the past four decades. Some of these contributions, such as the systems of discourse semantics, the
appraisal framework and genre relations have been widely applied in various areas of linguistic studies and language education.
The educational linguistic model he and his colleagues have cultivated and developed has attracted the attention of more and more
educators from different disciplines around the globe. In this interview, he firstly elaborates on the significance of the
concepts of discourse semantics, grammatical metaphor and genre. Then he continues with applications of genre theory in secondary
school education, language maintenance, the relation and collaboration between Legitimation Code Theory (LCT) and SFL, and how the
two paradigms complement each other. Finally, he introduces some of his recent collaborations with grammarians of different
languages.
Instantiation and individuation in Buddhist scripture translation
Authors: Wang Pin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper analyses and compares the systemic functional features of the Sanskrit original text and the Chinese and English translations of the Buddhist scripture Heart Sutra, focusing on the ideational components that are manifest on the strata of discourse semantics and lexicogrammar. Results show that there are both expected equivalence and significant differences among the Sanskrit original text and the two translated texts. The accounts for the equivalence and differences are twofold (on two hierarchies): in terms of instantiation, the translators go along different re-instantiation routes in finding corresponding potentials between the source text and their respective target texts; in terms of individuation, the English and Chinese translators’ personal and social identity has an immediate influence on their respective reproductions of the text.
Justifying the classical partition function for bosonic and fermionic systems using computer based experiments
Authors: Singh Sushil Kumar , Kaur Savinder 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The partition function (PF) for a system of non-interacting N-particles can be found by summing over all the accessible states of the system. The PF for an ideal gas differs from bosonic or fermionic PF in the classical regime. Students find it difficult to follow the differences arising out of incorrect counting by the classical PF by missing out on the indistinguishability of particles and Fermi–Bose statistics. We present a pedagogical computer-based experiment to probe and demonstrate the key differences in the PFs (i) Q, for the system of distinguishable and indistinguishable particles (ii) B, for bosons and (iii) F, for fermions without formally using the single-particle PF.
Reconstruction of a source domain from the Cauchy data: II. Three-dimensional case
Authors: Ikehata Masaru 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper is concerned with reconstruction issue of some typical inverse problems and consists of three parts. First a framework of the enclosure method for an inverse source problem governed by the Helmholtz equation at a fixed wave number in three dimensions is introduced. It is based on the nonvanishing of the coefficient of the leading profile of an oscillatory integral over a domain having a conical singularity. Second an explicit formula of the coefficient for a domain having a circular cone singularity and its implication under the framework are given. Third, an application under the framework to an inverse obstacle problem governed by an inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation at a fixed wave number in three dimensions is given.
Analysis of a generalized regularized Gauss–Newton method under heuristic rule in Banach spaces
Authors: Fu Zhenwu , Chen Yong , Li Li , Han Bo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, we propose a generalized regularized Gauss–Newton method to solve nonlinear inverse problems in Banach spaces and consider its heuristic stopping rule. The proposed method only requires a generalized operator which could be independent of the Fréchet derivative of the forward operator, thus it can solve smooth as well as non-smooth inverse problems. In addition, the proposed heuristic rule is fully data driven and does not require any information on the noise level. Therefore, it can cope with inverse problems whose noise levels are unknown. An a posteriori error for this method under heuristic rule is obtained and general convergence result is given under some standard assumptions. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
SAW-driven self-cleaning drop free glass for automotive sensors
Authors: Song Hyeonseok , Jang Deasung , Lee Jeongmin , Lee Kang Yong , Chung Sang Kug 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper presents surface acoustic wave (SAW)-driven self-cleaning glass aimed at removing contaminants that occur on the surfaces of automotive sensors for autonomous driving. The proposed self-cleaning glass comprises an interdigitated transducer (IDT) patterned on top of the transparent piezoelectric substrate (LiNbO3) and a hydrophobic layer (Cytop) covering the IDT. First, the sliding angle and contact angle of a droplet on a hydrophobic layer are measured in different volumes without the application of any external forces. The experiment shows that the droplets smaller than 4 μl do not slide on the inclined surface. To investigate the effect of SAW on droplet removal, the traveled distances and speeds of droplets are measured in different volumes, viscosities, and applied voltages when the droplets are removed on the surface by the SAW operation of the fabricated self-cleaning glass. Then, it is also investigated that the motion of the droplets by SAW on the inclined substrate in the direction of gravity and the opposite direction. Quantitative tests on the droplet removal performance of the SAW-driven self-cleaning glass are carried out by analyzing captured images recorded during the droplet removal by the SAW operation. As proof of concept, the proposed self-cleaning technology is demonstrated on droplets formed on a lens surface of a camera on which the SAW device is mounted. The demonstration shows that the camera image distorted by droplets that occur on the initial glass cover of the camera module is quickly restored by the SAW operation. The proposed SAW-driven drop free glass can promptly remove various contaminants on the surface of the sensors. Hence, it can be applied not only for automotive sensors but also for outdoor security cameras for daily life safety and future industries such as smart factories and smart cities.