bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Patient Mood, Fatigue, Work, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Thailand: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Tiankanon Kasenee , Limsrivilai Julajak , Poocharoenwanich Napapat , Phaophu Phutthaphorn , Subdee Nichcha , Kongtub Natanong , Aniwan Satimai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become an emerging disease in Asia. The burden of disease affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL), economics, and society. We compared HRQoL of IBD patients with/without active disease to that of the general population.

Methods
Consecutive patients with active disease and patients in clinical remission were prospectively recruited. For each IBD patient, an age- and sex-matched healthy control was invited. Active disease was defined as patient-reported clinical symptoms (ClinPRO) with endoscopic inflammation. All participants completed five questionnaires: (1) Short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ); (2) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); (3) Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue); (4) Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire (WPAI); and (5) EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level scale (EQ5D5L). Multiple regression analyses were used to assess differences in HRQoL scores between IBD patients and controls.

Results
A total of 418 participants (209 IBD, 209 controls) were included. There were 101 patients with active disease and 108 patients in clinical remission. Regarding patients with active disease compared with controls, there was a significant mean difference in scores (95% CI) of 12.3 (9.5–15.2) on the SIBDQ; 6.7 (4.7–8.8), FACIT-fatigue; 1.6 (0.6–2.7), HADS-anxiety; 1.6 (0.8–2.4), HADS-depression; 20.3% (13.0%–27.7%), work productivity impairment; and 0.089 (0.045–0.134), EQ5Q5L (P &lt; .05, all comparisons). Regarding patients in clinical remission compared with controls, none of these mean differences achieved a minimal clinically important difference.

Conclusions
Active IBD has a negative impact on HRQoL, whereas patients in clinical remission showed no clinically significant difference from the general population on HRQoL.
Non-coding RNAs: key regulators of reprogramming, pluripotency, and cardiac cell specification with therapeutic perspective for heart regeneration
Authors: Hunkler Hannah J , Groß Sonja , Thum Thomas , Bär Christian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Myocardial infarction causes a massive loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which can lead to heart failure accompanied by fibrosis, stiffening of the heart, and loss of function. Heart failure causes high mortality rates and is a huge socioeconomic burden, which, based on diets and lifestyle in the developed world, is expected to increase further in the next years. At present, the only curative treatment for heart failure is heart transplantation associated with a number of limitations such as donor organ availability and transplant rejection among others. Thus, the development of cellular reprogramming and defined differentiation protocols provide exciting new possibilities for cell therapy approaches and which opened up a new era in regenerative medicine. Consequently, tremendous research efforts were undertaken to gain a detailed molecular understanding of the reprogramming processes and the in vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into functional CMs for transplantation into the patient’s injured heart. In the last decade, non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs emerged as critical regulators of gene expression that were shown to fine-tune cellular processes both on the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional level. Unsurprisingly, also cellular reprogramming, pluripotency, and cardiac differentiation and maturation are regulated by non-coding RNAs. In here, we review the current knowledge on non-coding RNAs in these processes and highlight how their modulation may enhance the quality and quantity of stem cells and their derivatives for safe and efficient clinical application in patients with heart failure. In addition, we summarize the clinical cell therapy efforts undertaken thus far.
Tafamidis treatment delays structural and functional changes of the left ventricle in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rettl René , Mann Christopher , Duca Franz , Dachs Theresa-Marie , Binder Christina , Ligios Luciana Camuz , Schrutka Lore , Dalos Daniel , Koschutnik Matthias , Donà Carolina , Kammerlander Andreas , Beitzke Dietrich , Loewe Christian , Charwat-Resl Silvia , Hengstenberg Christian , Kastner Johannes , Eslam Roza Badr , Bonderman Diana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aims
Tafamidis improves outcomes in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). However, it is not yet known whether tafamidis affects cardiac amyloid deposition and structural changes in the myocardium. We aimed to determine disease-modifying effects on myocardial amyloid progression and to identify imaging parameters that could be applied for specific therapy monitoring.

Methods and results
ATTR-CM patients underwent serial cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging using T1 mapping techniques to derive extracellular volume (ECV). Patients receiving tafamidis 61 mg (n = 35) or 20 mg (n = 15) once daily showed stable measurements at follow-up (FU) {61 mg: 9.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 7.0–11.0] months, 20 mg: 11.0 (IQR 8.0–18.0) months} in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF; 61 mg: 47.6% vs. 47.5%, P = 0.935; 20 mg: 52.4% vs. 52.1%, P = 0.930), LV mass index (LVMI; 61 mg: 110.2 vs. 106.2 g/m2, P = 0.304; 20 mg: 114.5 vs. 115.4 g/m2, P = 0.900), and ECV (61 mg: 47.5% vs. 47.7%, P = 0.861; 20 mg: 56.7% vs. 57.5%, P = 0.759), whereas treatment-naïve ATTR-CM patients (n = 19) had clear signs of disease progression at the end of the observation period [12.0 (IQR 10.0–21.0) months; LVEF: 53.3% vs. 45.7%, P = 0.031; LVMI: 98.9 vs. 106.9 g/m2, P = 0.027; ECV: 49.3% vs. 54.6%, P = 0.023]. Between-group comparison at FU revealed positive effects in tafamidis 61 mg-treated compared to treatment-naïve patients (LVEF: P = 0.035, LVMI: P = 0.036, ECV: P = 0.030), while those treated with 20 mg showed no difference in the above LV measurements when compared with treatment-naïve (P = 0.120, P = 0.287, P = 0.158). However, both treatment groups showed clinically beneficial effects compared to the natural course [61 mg, 6-min walk distance (6-MWD): P = 0.005, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP): P = 0.002; 20 mg, 6-MWD: P = 0.023, NT-proBNP: P = 0.003].

Conclusion
Tafamidis delays myocardial amyloid progression in ATTR-CM patients, resulting in structural, functional, and clinical benefits compared to the natural course. Serial CMR including measurement of ECV may be appropriate for disease-specific therapy monitoring.
Black and White Young Adults’ Support to Midlife Parents
Authors: Wood Kristie A , Kim Yijung K , Ng Yee T , Huo Meng , Fingerman Karen L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Prior research suggests that midlife adults in Black and non-Hispanic White families differ in support patterns to aging parents. It is unclear whether such racial differences exist in young adulthood. We examined Black and White young adults’ support to their midlife parents and underlying mechanisms to explain within-racial group, family-level differences.

Method
Young adults (aged 18–30; Black n = 107 and White n = 351) from the Family Exchanges Study 2 reported how often they provided tangible (practical) and intangible (emotional support and advice) support to each parent. Participants also reported beliefs about obligation to support parents, rewards from helping, and parental needs.

Results
On average, Black young adults provided more tangible and intangible support than White young adults. Feelings of reward predicted why young adults in some Black and White families gave more support than those in other families. Parental needs explained tangible support in Black families and intangible support in White families. Within families, rewards and parental needs drove Black offspring to give more intangible support than their siblings, while obligation motivated White offspring.

Discussion
Consistent with support patterns evident in older adulthood, Black young adults gave more tangible and intangible support to their midlife parents compared to White young adults. Within-race support patterns were explained by different factors informed by the Multidimensional Intergenerational Support Model. Findings suggest psychological factors contribute to between- and within-racial patterns of exchanges.
TheCandida glabrataglycogen branching enzyme structure reveals unique features of branching enzymes of theSaccharomycetaceaephylum
Authors: Conchou Léa , Martin Juliette , Gonçalves Isabelle R , Galisson Frédéric , Violot Sébastien , Guillière Florence , Aghajari Nushin , Ballut Lionel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBranching enzymes (BE) are responsible for the formation of branching points at the 1,6 position in glycogen and starch, by catalyzing the cleavage of α-1,4-linkages and the subsequent transfer by introducing α-1,6-linked glucose branched points. BEs are found in the large GH13 family, eukaryotic BEs being mainly classified in the GH13_8 subfamily, GH13_9 grouping almost exclusively prokaryotic enzymes. With the aim of contributing to the understanding of the mode of recognition and action of the enzymes belonging to GH13_8, and to the understanding of features distinguishing these enzymes from those belonging to subfamily 13_9, we solved the crystal structure of the glycogen branching enzyme (GBE) from the yeast Candida glabrata, CgGBE, in ligand-free forms and in complex with a maltotriose. The structures revealed the presence of a domain already observed in Homo sapiens and Oryza sativa BEs that we named α-helical N-terminal domain, in addition to the three conserved domains found in BE. We confirmed by phylogenetic analysis that this α-helical N-terminal domain is always present in the GH13_8 enzymes suggesting that it could actually present a signature for this subfamily. We identified two binding sites in the α-helical N-terminal domain and in the carbohydrate binding module 48 (CBM48), respectively, which show a unique structural organization only present in the Saccharomycotina phylum. Our structural and phylogenetic investigation provides new insight into the structural characterization of GH13_8 GBE revealing that unique structural features only present in the Saccharomycotina phylum thereby conferring original properties to this group of enzymes.
An Overview of Analytical Methods for the Quantification of Marbofloxacin in Pharmaceutical, Biological, and Food Matrixes
Authors: da Silva Thayanara Lorrane Alves , Ferreira Raissa Gabrielle Lima , Lustosa Isadora Alves , Kogawa Ana Carolina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Marbofloxacin (MAR), a second-generation fluoroquinolone, is used in veterinary medicine in the form of tablets. It has a broad spectrum of action, low toxicity, and limited development of bacterial resistance. The analytical methods available in the literature become more important since MAR in tablets does not have a monograph in official compendiums.

Objective
Our purpose is to review the methods according to the analyzed matrix and place them according to the conditions used in the scope of green analytical chemistry, in addition to discussing possible gaps and opportunities for the development of new methods.

Results
MAR, being an antimicrobial, presents both physicochemical (93%) and microbiological (7%) methods in the literature. Among the methods found, 53% are for analysis of food matrixes using preferably HPLC and TLC–MS, 27% are for analysis of biological matrixes and 20% are for analysis of pharmaceutical matrixes, and in both HPLC is preferably used.

Conclusion
Therefore, there is still a gap in the literature in relation to other analytical methods for the analysis of MAR, which are faster, such as microbiological turbidimetry, sustainable, such as miniaturized methods, and ecologically correct, such as those that do not use toxic organic solvents.

Highlights
A review of the analytical methods available in the literature for assessing the quality of MAR and MAR-based products in which the methods, as well as new opportunities for analysis according to green analytical chemistry, were described and discussed.
Soft palatal mass containing heterotopic neural tissue causing airway obstruction in a Pierre-Robin sequence patient
Authors: Allen David Z , Liu Lucy X , Turner Kelly , Greives Matthew R , Nguyen Phuong D , Roy Soham 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pierre-Robin sequence (PRS) patients frequently exhibit symptoms of airway obstruction due to multiple etiologies, predominantly from glossoptosis and tongue base obstruction. Rarely, these patients can have palatal mass and even rarer is one of neural origin. To date, there are few reports of heterotopic neural tissue causing airway obstruction in literature, and there are only two reports related to PRS. The objective of this report is to detail a PRS patient with obstructive airway symptoms that resolved after removal of a right-sided soft palatal mass containing heterotopic neural tissue. A 5-month-old boy with a past medical history of cleft palate, PRS status-post-mandibular distraction osteogenesis was hospitalized after continuing respiratory distress. Imaging showed a cystic submucosal mass that arose from the right soft palate. Trans-palatal and trans-oral approaches were applied for the removal. The patient tolerated the procedure well and his obstructive events have resolved at follow-up.
Probabilistic model for dynamic galaxy decomposition
Authors: Jagvaral Yesukhei , Campbell Duncan , Mandelbaum Rachel , Rau Markus Michael 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
In the era of precision cosmology and ever-improving cosmological simulations, a better understanding of different galaxy components such as bulges and discs will give us new insight into galactic formation and evolution. Based on the fact that the stellar populations of the constituent components of galaxies differ by their dynamical properties, we develop two simple models for galaxy decomposition using the TNG100 cosmological hydrodynamical simulation from the IllustrisTNG project. The first model uses a single dynamical parameter and can distinguish four components: thin disc, thick disc, counter-rotating disc, and bulge. The second model uses one more dynamical parameter, was defined in a probabilistic manner, and distinguishes two components: bulge and disc. We demonstrate the improved robustness of these models compared to a widely used method in literature involving cuts on the circularity parameter. The number fraction of disc-dominated galaxies at a given stellar mass obtained by our models agrees well with observations for masses exceeding log10(M*/M⊙) = 10. The galaxies classified as bulge-dominated by the second model are mostly red; however, the population classified as disc-dominated contains significant number of red galaxies alongside the blue population. The contributions of the different galaxy components to the total stellar mass budget exhibits similar trends with stellar mass compared to the observational data, although there is a quantitative disagreement at high and low masses. The Sérsic indices and half-mass radii for the bulge and disc components agree well with those of real galaxies.
Relativistic effects on triple black holes: Burrau’s problem revisited
Authors: Chitan A S , Mylläri A , Haque S 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We explore, using numerical simulations, the influence of mass and distance on the evolution of triple black hole systems. Following in the direction of Burrau’s famous 3,4,5 problem, black holes are initially placed at the vertices of Pythagorean triangles. Numerical integration of orbits was conducted using relativistic corrections (post-Newtonian) up to the 2.5th order with ARCcode. As a descriptor of the evolution of the systems, the lifetimes, the number of two-body encounters and the number of mergers were all analysed. We found that as the mass unit of the black holes increased, there was strong positive correlation with the fraction of mergers (0.9868), strong negative correlation with the average number of two-body encounters (−0.9016), and the average lifetimes of the triple systems decayed exponentially (determination coefficient of 0.9986). Around the mass unit range of 105.5–105.6M⊙, there was a transition from escape dominated dynamics to merger dominated dynamics. However, in the mass unit range of 106–109M⊙ with 1 pc distance unit, we find that 25 per cent of cases resulted in the escape of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) which may be a cause for wandering SMBH’s found in some galaxies/galactic merger remnants.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Seyfert and star-forming galaxies
Authors: García-Bernete I , Rigopoulou D , Alonso-Herrero A , Pereira-Santaella M , Roche P F , Kerkeni B 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carbon-based molecules resulting from the union of aromatic rings and related species, which are likely responsible for strong infrared emission features. In this work, using a sample of 50 Seyfert galaxies (DL &lt; 100 Mpc) we compare the circumnuclear (inner kpc) PAH emission of AGN to that of a control sample of star-forming galaxies (22 luminous infrared galaxies and 30 H ii galaxies), and investigate the differences between central and extended PAH emission. Using Spitzer/InfraRed Spectrograph spectral data of Seyfert and star-forming galaxies and newly developed PAH diagnostic model grids, derived from theoretical spectra, we compare the predicted and observed PAH ratios. We find that star-forming galaxies and AGN-dominated systems are located in different regions of the PAH diagnostic diagrams. This suggests that not only are the size and charge of the PAH molecules different, but also the nature and hardness of the radiation field that excite them. We find tentative evidence that PAH ratios in AGN-dominated systems are consistent with emission from larger PAH molecules (Nc &gt; 300–400) as well as neutral species. By subtracting the spectrum of the central source from the total, we compare the PAH emission in the central versus extended region of a small sample of AGN. In contrast to the findings for the central regions of AGN-dominated systems, the PAH ratios measured in the extended regions of both type 1 and type 2 Seyfert galaxies can be explained assuming similar PAH molecular size distribution and ionized fractions of molecules to those seen in central regions of star-forming galaxies (100 &lt; Nc &lt; 300).
Galactic cosmic ray propagation through M dwarf planetary systems
Authors: Mesquita A L , Rodgers-Lee D , Vidotto A A , Atri D , Wood B E 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Quantifying the flux of cosmic rays reaching exoplanets around M dwarfs is essential to understand their possible effects on exoplanet habitability. Here, we investigate the propagation of Galactic cosmic rays as they travel through the stellar winds (astrospheres) of five nearby M dwarfs, namely: GJ 15A, GJ 273, GJ 338B, GJ 411, and GJ 887. Our selected stars each have one or two detected exoplanets and they all have wind mass-loss rates constrained by Lyman α observations. Our simulations use a combined 1D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Alfvén-wave-driven stellar wind model and 1D cosmic ray transport model. We find that GJ 411 and GJ 887 have Galactic cosmic rays fluxes comparable with Earth’s at their habitable zones. On the other hand, GJ 15A, GJ 273, and GJ 338B receive a lower Galactic cosmic ray flux in their habitable zones. All exoplanets in our sample, with exception of GJ 15A c and GJ 411 c, have a significantly lower flux of Galactic cosmic rays than values observed at the Earth because they orbit closer-in. The fluxes found here can be further used for chemical modelling of planetary atmospheres. Finally, we calculate the radiation dose at the surface of the habitable-zone planet GJ 273 b, assuming it has an Earth-like atmosphere. This planet receives up to 209 times less 15 MeV energy cosmic ray fluxes than values observed at Earth. However, for high-energy cosmic rays (∼GeV), the difference in flux is only 2.3 times smaller, which contributes to GJ 273 b receiving a significant surface radiation dose of 0.13 mSv yr−1 (40 per cent of the annual dose on Earth’s surface).
MicroDNA levels are dependent on MMEJ, repressed by c-NHEJ pathway, and stimulated by DNA damage
Authors: Paulsen Teressa , Malapati Pumoli , Shibata Yoshiyuki , Wilson Briana , Eki Rebeka , Benamar Mouadh , Abbas Tarek , Dutta Anindya 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) are present within all eukaryotic organisms and actively contribute to gene expression changes. MicroDNA (200-1000bp) are the most abundant type of eccDNA and can amplify tRNA, microRNA, and novel si-like RNA sequences. Due to the heterogeneity of microDNA and the limited technology to directly quantify circular DNA molecules, the specific DNA repair pathways that contribute to microDNA formation have not been fully elucidated. Using a sensitive and quantitative assay that quantifies eight known abundant microDNA, we report that microDNA levels are dependent on resection after double-strand DNA break (DSB) and repair by Microhomology Mediated End Joining (MMEJ). Further, repair of DSB without resection by canonical Non-Homologous End Joining (c-NHEJ) diminishes microDNA formation. MicroDNA levels are induced locally even by a single site-directed DSB, suggesting that excision of genomic DNA by two closely spaced DSB is not necessary for microDNA formation. Consistent with all this, microDNA levels accumulate as cells undergo replication in S-phase, when DNA breaks and repair are elevated, and microDNA levels are decreased if DNA synthesis is prevented. Thus, formation of microDNA occurs during the repair of endogenous or induced DNA breaks by resection-based DNA repair pathways.
High-Throughput-Methyl-Reading (HTMR) assay: a solution based on nucleotide methyl-binding proteins enables large-scale screening for DNA/RNA methyltransferases and demethylases
Authors: Xiao Senhao , Guo Siqi , Han Jie , Sun Yanli , Wang Mingchen , Chen Yantao , Fang Xueyu , Yang Feng , Mu Yajuan , Zhang Liang , Ding Yiluan , Zhang Naixia , Jiang Hualiang , Chen Kaixian , Zhao Kehao , Luo Cheng , Chen Shijie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Epigenetic therapy has significant potential for cancer treatment. However, few small potent molecules have been identified against DNA or RNA modification regulatory proteins. Current approaches for activity detection of DNA/RNA methyltransferases and demethylases are time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it difficult to subject them to high-throughput screening. Here, we developed a fluorescence polarization-based ‘High-Throughput Methyl Reading’ (HTMR) assay to implement large-scale compound screening for DNA/RNA methyltransferases and demethylases-DNMTs, TETs, ALKBH5 and METTL3/METTL14. This assay is simple to perform in a mix-and-read manner by adding the methyl-binding proteins MBD1 or YTHDF1. The proteins can be used to distinguish FAM-labelled substrates or product oligonucleotides with different methylation statuses catalyzed by enzymes. Therefore, the extent of the enzymatic reactions can be coupled with the variation of FP binding signals. Furthermore, this assay can be effectively used to conduct a cofactor competition study. Based on the assay, we identified two natural products as candidate compounds for DNMT1 and ALKBH5. In summary, this study outlines a powerful homogeneous approach for high-throughput screening and evaluating enzymatic activity for DNA/RNA methyltransferases and demethylases that is cheap, easy, quick, and highly sensitive.