bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The choice of method of introduction of active substances into the basis of the cream for the treatment of acne and demodecosis
Authors: Koval A. S. 
Published: March 2021

Among dermatological diseases demodicosis and acne occupy a very important place. The incidence of demodicosis is more than 5% and ranks seventh in frequency among dermatological diseases. It is known that demodicosis can turn into acne.
Treatment of demodicosis and acne does not lose its relevance. This medical problem can be solved through the development of the composition and technology of a soft drug of complex action with the content of active substances used to treat these diseases. Since in dermatology for external use the optimal soft medicines is a cream (taking into account the medical and biological requirements for the drug for the treatment of this disease), we have developed the composition of the base, which is the rheological properties of the cream.
The aim of the work is to substantiate the optimal method of introducing active pharmaceutical ingredients into the basis of a soft medicines.
Materials and research methods – metronidazole, benzyl benzoate, benzoyl peroxide, emulsion base. When choosing the optimal method of introduction of active pharmaceutical ingredients to the base used pharmaco-technological research methods (homogeneity of the content of API in the base). Used a microscope with a photoresist (microscope – OLYMPUS BX-41, photoresist – OLYMPUS U-CMAD3, Japan).
Active pharmaceutical ingredients was added to the base in the form of a suspension with glycerol. According to previous studies, we found that propylene glycol and polyethylene oxide were used to obtain the suspension. Studies have shown that in the process of storage for 6 months at room temperature there is a stratification of the base, in order to improve the stability of the composition of the developed cream, we introduced glycerin.
Experimental studies have shown that active pharmaceutical ingredients in the form of a suspension must be introduced into the base alternately: a suspension of metronidazole, a suspension of benzoyl peroxide. After bringing the mass to homogeneity, benzyl benzoate was finally introduced. We studied 8 samples with different sequence of administration of active substances in suspension with glycerol, sample № 2 in the study showed the best results of homogeneity of the suspension, so this method we used in further studies.
Experimental studies have established the procedure for the introduction of active pharmaceutical ingredients in the form of a suspension to the base: a suspension of metronidazole, a suspension of benzoyl peroxide and, last but not least, benzyl benzoate. The results of the research make it possible to develop a rational technology for the production (manufacture) of a treated soft medicines with metronidazole, benzyl benzoate and benzoyl peroxide for dermatology.
Revisão bibliométrica e apresentação de caso clínico de um fibroelastoma papilifero
Authors: Carvalho Kerlany Oliveira , Sousa André Luca Araujo de , Andrade Ana Rachel Oliveira de , Garcês Tereza Cristina de Carvalho Souza , Oliveira Leonam Costa , Pereira Júnior José Lopes , Sampaio Nelson Cordeiro Pinheiro , Pinto Antonione Santos Bezerra 
Published: March 2021

O presente estudo teve como proposta o aprofundamento em relação ao tumor cardíaco Fibroelastoma Papilar (FEP). O manuscrito objetivou um levantamento bibliográfico a respeito do FEP, além de realizar uma breve revisão literária sobre essa alteração patológica e apresentar um caso clinico representativo a respeito do tema. Inicialmente, o levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado na base de dados ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of ScienceTM sobre essa cardiopatia e seu diagnóstico, em seguida um estudo literário a respeito do tema a partir dos artigos foi apresentado e, por fim, um caso clínico de um FEP foi relatado. Dessa maneira, 214 publicações foram identificadas, onde parte delas concluíram que o FEP é uma neoplasia tumoral cardíaca que pode ser encontrada em qualquer parte do coração, sendo mais comumente localizado no endocárdio valvar e a válvula aórtica. Além da excisão cirúrgica ser o tratamento de escolha mais predominante. E conforme proposto, relatou-se um caso de uma paciente de 56 anos que apresentou o tumor na válvula aórtica e que realizou a ressecção cirúrgica, apresentando a cura. A partir dos dados apresentados, um diagnóstico precoce juntamente a um tratamento eficaz melhora o prognóstico de um paciente que apresentar essa neoplasia.
Estrutura de governança das transações econômicas e políticas públicas de auporte a arranjos e sistemas produtivos locais: estudo da cadeia têxtil da Bahia e São Paulo
Authors: Santana Murilo Barreto , Bataglia Walter 
Published: March 2021

Esta pesquisa objetiva, por intermédio dos fatores ligados à escolha da estrutura da governança privada dos empresários, examinar como os atributos das transações econômicas foram capazes de influenciar a regulação das políticas públicas na Bahia e em São Paulo. Para tanto foram entrevistados empresários da cadeia têxtil nos estados pesquisados no intuito forma de examinar as características das transações econômicas desses empresários, bem como a estrutura de governança empregada. Os dados foram analisados qualitativamente por meio de análise de conteúdo. Como resultados observou-se os diversos tipos de transação econômica possuem certa influência sobre a regulação das políticas públicas. Em especial as transações que possuem características com necessidade de controle são as que mais estimulam a regulação. Conclui-se que para além dos indivíduos, grupos e organizações, as transações econômicas e estruturas de governança das transações do ramo têxtil de São Paulo e na Bahia representam uma importante influencia na regulação de políticas públicas estaduais de suporte a arranjos e sistemas produtivos locais.
PERANCANGAN VIDEO DESTINASI WISATA KULON PROGO SEBAGAI PEMBENTUK CITY BRANDING DAERAH
Authors: Kusumohendrarto Raden Hadapiningrani , Fitri Nofria Doni 
Published: March 2021

Keberadaan sebuah kota saat ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh city branding yang diangkat oleh kota tersebut, seperti yang dibawa oleh Kabupaten Kulon Progo berupa “the jewel of java” atau “permata dari pulau jawa”. Namun citra obyek wisata dari branding Kabupaten Kulon Progo masih belum maksimal penggunaannya di tengah terpaan kemajuan teknologi media dan era internet yang mudah di akses pada saat ini terlebih adanya infrastruktur bandara baru Yogyakarta bernama YIA (Yogyakarta International Airport). Adanya kemajuan teknologi video dengan media kualitas 4K (ultra high definition) serta kemudahan akses internet yang telah mendukung saat ini tengah dilirik dan dipergunakan untuk berbagai proses branding. Salah satunya sebagai pembentuk city branding daerah secara online pada kanal Youtube yang dapat menampilkan kualitas video 4K dengan gambar tajam tampak nyata dan dapat diakses dimana saja. Perancangan ini akan menggunakan metode perancangan audio visual yang menghasilkan video 4K destinasi wisata Kulon Progo di kanal Youtube untuk meningkatkan minat wisatawan terhadap bandara baru YIA sehingga terangkat city branding daerah Kulon Progo. Kata Kunci: city branding, Kulon Progo, video 4K, wisata, youtube AbstractThe existence of a city is strongly influenced by the city branding itself such as the branding used by Kulon Progo Regency: "the jewel of java". However, the image of tourism object from the Kulon Progo Regency branding is still not maximally used, especially in the middle of easy to access technology development and environment such as the new Yogyakarta airport infrastructure called YIA (Yogyakarta International Airport). The existence of advanced video technology as 4K (ultra high definition) quality media and easy internet access that already supported are currently being looked at and used for various branding processes, one purpose is to form regional city branding online on the Youtube channel which can display 4K video quality with sharp images that look real and accessed from anywhere. This design will use an audiovisual design method to answer the problem of city branding of the Kulon Progo Regency tourism objects. With the 4K video design of Kulon Progo tourist destinations on the Youtube channel, it hopes it could raise the city branding of tourists' interest in tourism objects in Kulon Progo towards YIA airport. Keywords: city branding, Kulon Progo, tourism, video 4k, youtube
Follow-Up Study of the Chest CT Characteristics of COVID-19 Survivors Seven Months After Recovery
Authors: Liu Mengqi , Lv Fajin , Huang Yang , Xiao Kaihu 
Published: March 2021

Background: It has remained a concern whether any long-term pulmonary sequelae exist for COVID-19 survivors.Methods: Forty-one patients (22 men and 19 women, 50 ± 14 years) confirmed with COVID-19 performed follow-up chest CT and cardiopulmonary exercise testing at 7 months after discharge. Patients were divided into fibrosis group and non-fibrosis group according to the evidence of fibrosis on follow-up CT. The clinical data and the CT findings were recorded and analyzed.Results: The predominant CT patterns of abnormalities observed at 7 months after discharge were parenchymal band (41%), interlobular septal thickening (32%), and traction bronchiectasis (29%). Sixty-one percent of the patients achieved complete radiological resolution, and 29% of patients developed pulmonary fibrosis. Compared with the patients in the non-fibrosis group, the patients in the fibrosis group were older, with a longer hospital stay, a higher rate of steroid and mechanical ventilation therapy, lower levels of lymphocyte and T cell count, higher levels of D-dimer and lactic dehydrogenase, and higher quantitative CT parameters (opacity score, volume of opacity, and percentage of opacity) at discharge. Besides, oxygen consumption and metabolic equations were decreased and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide was increased in patients in the fibrosis group. Logistic regression analyses revealed that age, steroid therapy, presence of traction bronchiectasis on chest CT at discharge, and opacity score at discharge, were independent risk factors for developing pulmonary fibrosis at 7 months after discharge. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the combined clinical-radiological model was better than the clinical-only model in the prediction of pulmonary fibrosis.Conclusions: The chest CT lesions could be absorbed without any sequelae for most patients with COVID-19, whereas older patients with severe conditions are more prone to develop fibrosis, which may further lead to cardiopulmonary insufficiency. The combined clinical-radiological model may predict the formation of pulmonary fibrosis early.
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Functional Connectivity Predicts Working Memory Training Gains
Authors: Faraza Sofia , Waldenmaier Julia , Dyrba Martin , Wolf Dominik , Fischer Florian U. , Knaepen Kristel , Kollmann Bianca , Tüscher Oliver , Binder Harald , Mierau Andreas , Riedel David , Fellgiebel Andreas , Teipel Stefan 
Published: March 2021

Background: Normal aging is associated with working memory decline. A decrease in working memory performance is associated with age-related changes in functional activation patterns in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Cognitive training can improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults. We implemented a cognitive training study to assess determinants of generalization of training gains to untrained tasks, a key indicator for the effectiveness of cognitive training. We aimed to investigate the association of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) of DLPFC with working memory performance improvement and cognitive gains after the training.Method: A sample of 60 healthy older adults (mean age: 68 years) underwent a 4-week neuropsychological training, entailing a working memory task. Baseline resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) images were acquired in order to investigate the FC of DLPFC. To evaluate training effects, participants underwent a neuropsychological assessment before and after the training. A second follow-up assessment was applied 12 weeks after the training. We used cognitive scores of digit span backward and visual block span backward tasks representing working memory function. The training group was divided into subjects who had and who did not have training gains, which was defined as a higher improvement in working memory tasks than the control group (N = 19).Results: A high FC of DLPFC of the right hemisphere was significantly associated with training gains and performance improvement in the visuospatial task. The maintenance of cognitive gains was restricted to the time period directly after the training. The training group showed performance improvement in the digit span backward task.Conclusion: Functional activation patterns of the DLPFC were associated with the degree of working memory training gains and visuospatial performance improvement. Although improvement through cognitive training and acquisition of training gains are possible in aging, they remain limited.
Impaired Learning and Memory Ability Induced by a Bilaterally Hippocampal Injection of Streptozotocin in Mice: Involved With the Adaptive Changes of Synaptic Plasticity
Authors: Qi Cong-Cong , Chen Xing-Xing , Gao Xin-Ran , Xu Jing-Xian , Liu Sen , Ge Jin-Fang 
Published: March 2021

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline, psychiatric symptoms and behavioral disorders, resulting in disability, and loss of self-sufficiency.Objective: To establish an AD-like mice model, investigate the behavioral performance, and explore the potential mechanism.Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ, 3 mg/kg) was microinjected bilaterally into the dorsal hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice, and the behavioral performance was observed. The serum concentrations of insulin and nesfatin-1 were measured by ELISA, and the activation of hippocampal microglia and astrocytes was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of several molecular associated with the regulation of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) was detected via western blotting.Results: The STZ-microinjected model mice showed a slower bodyweight gain and higher serum concentration of insulin and nesfatin-1. Although there was no significant difference between groups with regard to the ability of balance and motor coordination, the model mice presented a decline of spontaneous movement and exploratory behavior, together with an impairment of learning and memory ability. Increased activated microglia was aggregated in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of model mice, together with an increase abundance of Aβ1−42 and Tau in the hippocampus and PFC. Moreover, the protein expression of NMDAR2A, NMDAR2B, SynGAP, PSD95, BDNF, and p-β-catenin/β-catenin were remarkably decreased in the hippocampus and the PFC of model mice, and the expression of p-GSK-3β (ser9)/GSK-3β were reduced in the hippocampus.Conclusion: A bilateral hippocampal microinjection of STZ could induce not only AD-like behavioral performance in mice, but also adaptive changes of synaptic plasticity against neuroinflammatory and endocrinal injuries. The underlying mechanisms might be associated with the imbalanced expression of the key proteins of Wnt signaling pathway in the hippocampus and the PFC.
Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation to Treat Medication-Refractory Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Molina Rene , Hass Chris J. , Cernera Stephanie , Sowalsky Kristen , Schmitt Abigail C. , Roper Jaimie A. , Martinez-Ramirez Daniel , Opri Enrico , Hess Christopher W. , Eisinger Robert S. , Foote Kelly D. , Gunduz Aysegul , Okun Michael S. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Treating medication-refractory freezing of gait (FoG) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains challenging despite several trials reporting improvements in motor symptoms using subthalamic nucleus or globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS). Pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) region DBS has been used for medication-refractory FoG, with mixed findings. FoG, as a paroxysmal phenomenon, provides an ideal framework for the possibility of closed-loop DBS (CL-DBS).Methods: In this clinical trial (NCT02318927), five subjects with medication-refractory FoG underwent bilateral GPi DBS implantation to address levodopa-responsive PD symptoms with open-loop stimulation. Additionally, PPN DBS leads were implanted for CL-DBS to treat FoG. The primary outcome of the study was a 40% improvement in medication-refractory FoG in 60% of subjects at 6 months when “on” PPN CL-DBS. Secondary outcomes included device feasibility to gauge the recruitment potential of this four-lead DBS approach for a potentially larger clinical trial. Safety was judged based on adverse events and explantation rate.Findings: The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated as we recruited five subjects with both “on” and “off” medication freezing. The safety for this population of patients receiving four DBS leads was suboptimal and associated with a high explantation rate of 40%. The primary clinical outcome in three of the five subjects was achieved at 6 months. However, the group analysis of the primary clinical outcome did not reveal any benefit.Interpretation: This study of a human PPN CL-DBS trial in medication-refractory FoG showed feasibility in recruitment, suboptimal safety, and a heterogeneous clinical effect in FoG outcomes.
Immune-Related Adverse Events Predict the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Donghui , Chen Cen , Gu Yanli , Lu Wanjun , Zhan Ping , Liu Hongbing , Lv Tangfeng , Song Yong , Zhang Fang 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundImmune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been reported to be associated with the efficacy of immunotherapy. Herein, we conducted a meta-analysis to demonstrate that irAEs could predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in lung cancer patients.MethodsLiterature on the correlation between irAEs and the efficacy of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients were searched to collect the data on objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), or progression-free survival (PFS) of the patients. These data were incorporated into the meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 34 records encompassing 8,115 patients were examined in this study. The irAEs occurrence was significantly associated with higher ORR {risk ratio (RR): 2.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) [2.06–2.88], p &lt; 0.00001} and improved OS {hazard ratio (HR): 0.51, 95% CI [0.43–0.61], p &lt; 0.00001}, and PFS (HR: 0.50, 95% CI [0.44–0.57], p &lt; 0.00001) in lung cancer patients undergoing ICIs. Subgroup analysis revealed that OS was significantly longer in patients who developed dermatological (OS: HR: 0.53, 95%CI [0.42–0.65], p &lt; 0.00001), endocrine (OS: HR: 0.55, 95%CI [0.45–0.67], p &lt; 0.00001), and gastrointestinal irAEs (OS: HR: 0.58, 95%CI [0.42–0.80], p = 0.0009) than in those who did not. However, hepatobiliary, pulmonary, and high-grade (≥3) irAEs were not correlated with increased OS and PFS.ConclusionThe occurrence of irAEs in lung cancer patients, particularly dermatological, endocrine, and gastrointestinal irAEs, is a predictor of enhanced ICIs efficacy.
Anti-High Mobility Group Box-1 Monoclonal Antibody Attenuates Seizure-Induced Cognitive Decline by Suppressing Neuroinflammation in an Adult Zebrafish Model
Authors: Paudel Yam Nath , Othman Iekhsan , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq 
Published: March 2021

Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease afflicting around 70 million global population and is characterized by persisting predisposition to generate epileptic seizures. The precise understanding of the etiopathology of seizure generation is still elusive, however, brain inflammation is considered as a major contributor to epileptogenesis. HMGB1 protein being an initiator and crucial contributor of inflammation is known to contribute significantly to seizure generation via activating its principal receptors namely RAGE and TLR4 reflecting a potential therapeutic target. Herein, we evaluated an anti-seizure and memory ameliorating potential of an anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) (1, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg, I.P.) in a second hit Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) (80 mg/kg, I.P.) induced seizure model earlier stimulated with Pilocarpine (400 mg/kg, I.P.) in adult zebrafish. Pre-treatment with anti-HMGB1 mAb dose-dependently lowered the second hit PTZ-induced seizure but does not alter the disease progression. Moreover, anti-HMGB1 mAb also attenuated the second hit Pentylenetetrazol induced memory impairment in adult zebrafish as evidenced by an increased inflection ration at 3 and 24 h trail in T-maze test. Besides, decreased level of GABA and an upregulated Glutamate level was observed in the second hit PTZ induced group, which was modulated by pre-treatment with anti-HMGB1 mAb. Inflammatory responses occurred during the progression of seizures as evidenced by upregulated mRNA expression of HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB, and TNF-α, in a second hit PTZ group, which was in-turn downregulated upon pre-treatment with anti-HMGB1 mAb reflecting its anti-inflammatory potential. Anti-HMGB1 mAb modulates second hit PTZ induced changes in mRNA expression of CREB-1 and NPY. Our findings indicates anti-HMGB1 mAb attenuates second hit PTZ-induced seizures, ameliorates related memory impairment, and downregulates the seizure induced upregulation of inflammatory markers to possibly protect the zebrafish from the incidence of further seizures through via modulation of neuroinflammatory pathway.
The Three Teachings of East Asia (TTEA) Inventory: Developing and Validating a Measure of the Interrelated Ideologies of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism
Authors: Lin Yi-Ying , Swanson Dena Phillips , Rogge Ronald David 
Published: March 2021

Objectives:Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism have influenced societies and shaped cultures as they have spread across the span of history and ultimately across the world. However, to date, the interrelated nature of their impacts has yet to be examined largely due to the lack of a measure that comprehensively assesses their various tenets. Building on a conceptual integration of foundational texts on each ideology as well as on recent measure development work (much of which is unpublished), the current studies developed a comprehensive measure of these ideologies (the Three Teachings of East Asia Inventory; TTEA) and validated it across four languages.Methods:A combined sample of 2,091 online respondents (Study 1: 322 Chinese respondents, Study 2: 400 Japanese respondents, Study 3: 362 Taiwanese respondents, Study 4: 688 White Americans and 319 Asian Americans) completed 25–35 min online survey in their preferred language: English, Traditional Mandarin, Simplified Mandarin, or Japanese.Results:Exploratory Factor Analyses within a 122-item pool identified 18 stable dimensions across all samples. Measurement invariance analyses identified the final 61-items of the TTEA inventory (demonstrating reasonable invariance across all languages), confirming 18 individual tenet subscales that organize into four higher-order composites: Buddhism, Taoism, Restrictive Confucianism, and Empowering Confucianism. A shorter 36-item version of the TTEA inventory was also developed. The TTEA scales demonstrated (1) acceptable internal consistency, (2) discriminant validity, and (3) incremental predictive validity for current life satisfaction and vitality.Conclusions:The TTEA inventory offers one of the first comprehensive, multilingual measures that will allow cross-cultural researchers to examine the influence of three related Eastern ideologies on societies across the world.