bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile Colistin Resistance Enzyme MCR‐3 Facilitates Bacterial Evasion of Host Phagocytosis
Authors: Yin Wenjuan , Ling Zhuoren , Dong Yanjun , Qiao Lu , Shen Yingbo , Liu Zhihai , Wu Yifan , Li Wan , Zhang Rong , Walsh Timothy R. , Dai Chongshan , Li Juan , Yang Hui , Liu Dejun , Wang Yang , Gao George Fu , Shen Jianzhong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMobile colistin resistance enzyme MCR‐3 is a phosphoethanolamine transferase modifying lipid A in Gram‐negative bacteria. MCR‐3 generally mediates low‐level (≤8 mg L−1) colistin resistance among Enterobacteriaceae, but occasionally confers high‐level (>128 mg L−1) resistance in aeromonads. Herein, it is determined that MCR‐3, together with another lipid A modification mediated by the arnBCADTEF operon, may be responsible for high‐level colistin resistance in aeromonads. Lipid A is the critical site of pathogens for Toll‐like receptor 4 recognizing. However, it is unknown whether or how MCR‐3‐mediated lipid A modification affects the host immune response. Compared with the wild‐type strains, increased mortality is observed in mice intraperitoneally‐infected with mcr‐3‐positive Aeromonas salmonicida and Escherichia coli strains, along with sepsis symptoms. Further, mcr‐3‐positive strains show decreased clearance rates than wild‐type strains, leading to bacterial accumulation in organs. The increased mortality is tightly associated with the increased tissue hypoxia, injury, and post‐inflammation. MCR‐3 expression also impairs phagocytosis efficiency both in vivo and in vitro, contributing to the increased persistence of mcr‐3‐positive bacteria in tissues compared with parental strains. This study, for the first time, reveals a dual function of MCR‐3 in bacterial resistance and pathogenicity, which calls for caution in treating the infections caused by mcr‐positive pathogens.
Nanoparticulation of Prodrug into Medicines for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Yuezhou , Cui Huaguang , Zhang Ruiqi , Zhang Hongbo , Huang Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article provides a broad spectrum about the nanoprodrug fabrication advances co‐driven by prodrug and nanotechnology development to potentiate cancer treatment. The nanoprodrug inherits the features of both prodrug concept and nanomedicine know‐how, attempts to solve underexploited challenge in cancer treatment cooperatively. Prodrugs can release bioactive drugs on‐demand at specific sites to reduce systemic toxicity, this is done by using the special properties of the tumor microenvironment, such as pH value, glutathione concentration, and specific overexpressed enzymes; or by using exogenous stimulation, such as light, heat, and ultrasound. The nanotechnology, manipulating the matter within nanoscale, has high relevance to certain biological conditions, and has been widely utilized in cancer therapy. Together, the marriage of prodrug strategy which shield the side effects of parent drug and nanotechnology with pinpoint delivery capability has conceived highly camouflaged Trojan horse to maneuver cancerous threats.
Ferroelectric‐Like Behavior in TaN/High‐k/Si System Based on Amorphous Oxide
Authors: Feng Ze , Peng Yue , Shen Yang , Li Zhiyun , Wang Hu , Chen Xiao , Wang Yitong , Jing Meiyi , Lu Feng , Wang Weihua , Cheng Yahui , Cui Yi , Dingsun An , Han Genquan , Liu Hui , Dong Hong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThin‐film ferroelectric of HfO2‐based has gained broad interest for non‐volatile memories. The traditional theory with respect to doped hafnium oxide is based on the polycrystalline structure of the Pcb21 non‐centrosymmetric orthorhombic phase. While amorphous oxides also show ferroelectricity, which cannot be explained by the traditional theory. Here, ferroelectric‐like behavior is observed in the amorphous oxide‐based TaN/high‐k/Si system. Through strategically modulating the atomic layer of deposition conditions of the high‐k oxides, the evolution from paraelectric to ferroelectric‐like behavior is seen in TaN/Al2O3/Si capacitors. The interface chemistry of these stacks is systematically studied via in situ angle‐resolved X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A mechanism for the ferroelectric‐like behavior is proposed based on interface ions‐vacancies displacement. This work sheds light on physics in ferroelectric‐like thin film devices.
Unveiling the Intricate Intercalation Mechanism in Manganese Sesquioxide as Positive Electrode in Aqueous Zn‐Metal Battery
Authors: Ma Yuan , Ma Yanjiao , Diemant Thomas , Cao Kecheng , Liu Xu , Kaiser Ute , Behm R. Jürgen , Varzi Alberto , Passerini Stefano 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the family of Zn/manganese oxide batteries with mild aqueous electrolytes, cubic α‐Mn2O3 with bixbyite structure is rarely considered, because of the lack of the tunnel and/or layered structure that are usually believed to be indispensable for the incorporation of Zn ions. In this work, the charge storage mechanism of α‐Mn2O3 is systematically and comprehensively investigated. It is demonstrated that the electrochemically induced irreversible phase transition from α‐Mn2O3 to layered‐typed L‐ZnxMnO2, coupled with the dissolution of Mn2+ and OH− into the electrolyte, allows for the subsequent reversible de‐/intercalation of Zn2+. Moreover, it is proven that α‐Mn2O3 is not a host for H+. Instead, the MnO2 formed from L‐ZnxMnO2 and the Mn2+ in the electrolyte upon the initial charge is the host for H+. Based on this electrode mechanism, combined with fabricating hierarchically structured mesoporous α‐Mn2O3 microrod array material, an unprecedented rate capability with 103 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1 as well as an appealing stability of 2000 cycles (at 2.0 A g−1) with a capacity decay of only ≈0.009% per‐cycle are obtained.
#Hackademics: Hacks toward success in academia
Authors: Ocobock Cara , Owens Caroline , Holdsworth Elizabeth , Gildner Theresa , Lynn Christopher 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe Sausage of Science is a podcast for the Human Biology Association and the American Journal of Human Biology through which we introduced a special series called #Hackademics. The podcast was initially used to highlight the scholarship and humanity of fellow human biologists through interviews about “how the sausage is made” in research—that is, the nuts and bolts that go into our publications. However, we soon realized there is much more a weekly podcast can do to help colleagues in our interrelated fields.MethodsHere we introduce the different contributions to this #Hackdemics special issue. Through #Hackademics, we address under‐discussed topics in academia such as work‐life integration, hostile academic environments, decolonization of research and teaching, and science communication, among others.ResultsThe feedback received from listeners for the #Hackademics series reinforced a need for more tools for navigating the academic side of our disciplines. Furthermore, there was a need to decentralize what is often termed “institutional knowledge” by sharing it in a more authoritative medium—a special issue of peer‐reviewed articles in our Association's esteemed journal. This special issue's contributions also elevate diverse voices with multiple authors at different career stages.ConclusionsUsing the institutional credibility of peer‐review to legitimize these topics, this issue's articles can be a resource for those looking to initiate conversations or change within their departments or institutions with the hope of creating a kinder, more respectful, collaborative, equitable, and accessible academic environment.
5q11.2 deletion syndrome revisited—Further narrowing of the smallest region of overlap for the main clinical characteristics of the syndrome
Authors: Bayat Allan , Bayat Michael , Broers Chantal , Polstra Abeltje M. , Zwijnenburg Petra J. G. , Hjortshøj Tina Duelund 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMicrodeletions at 5q11.2 are rare. Subjects show a phenotypic spectrum that overlaps CHARGE syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. A growing number of subjects present with learning difficulty and/or intellectual disability, immune deficiency, congenital heart malformation, and dysmorphism. DHX29 and IL6ST have been proposed as candidate genes for the development of the major clinical manifestations. We present a new case and narrow down the shortest region of overlap to evaluate possible candidate genes. Our case does not present developmental delay or immune deficiency indicating a reduced penetrance for some of the main clinical manifestations. The shortest region of overlap between subjects with deletions at 5q11.2 is approximately 450 kb (position 54.3–54.7 Mb). The narrowed region comprises 10 protein coding genes, including DHX29. DHX29 is a strong candidate gene for the main features of 5q11.2‐microdeletion syndrome; however, our findings suggest a joined impact of several genes as the cause of the syndrome.
White matter hyperintensity topography in Alzheimer's disease and links to cognition
Authors: Garnier‐Crussard Antoine , Bougacha Salma , Wirth Miranka , Dautricourt Sophie , Sherif Siya , Landeau Brigitte , Gonneaud Julie , De Flores Robin , de la Sayette Vincent , Vivien Denis , Krolak‐Salmon Pierre , Chételat Gaël 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionWhite matter hyperintensities (WMH) are often described in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their topography and specific relationships with cognition remain unclear.MethodsRegional WMH were estimated in 54 cognitively impaired amyloid beta–positive AD (Aβpos‐AD), compared to 40 cognitively unimpaired amyloid beta–negative older controls (Aβneg‐controls) matched for vascular risk factors. The cross‐sectional association between regional WMH volume and cognition was assessed within each group, controlling for cerebral amyloid burden, global cortical atrophy, and hippocampal atrophy.ResultsWMH volume was larger in Aβpos‐AD compared to Aβneg‐controls in all regions, with the greatest changes in the splenium of the corpus callosum (S‐CC). In Aβpos‐AD patients, larger total and regional WMH volume, especially in the S‐CC, was strongly associated with decreased cognition.DiscussionWMH specifically contribute to lower cognition in AD, independently from amyloid deposition and atrophy. This study emphasizes the clinical relevance of WMH in AD, especially posterior WMH, and most notably S‐CC WMH.
Dynamics and oscillations for some difference and differential equations with piecewise constant arguments
Authors: Assel Hanen , Hammami Mohamed Ali , Miraoui Mohsen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo state the existence and uniqueness of pseudo almost periodic solutions for some difference and differential equations with measure and piecewise constant argument of generalized type, we use the completeness, the composition theorems, and the Banach fixed point theorem. Finally, we provide some applications.
Field studies of bioluminescence in the Antarctic sector of the Atlantic Ocean in 2002 and 2020
Authors: Melnik Alexandr , Melnik Lidia , Mashukova Olga , Melnikov Victor 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, IBSS materials on seawater bioluminescence intensity changes in the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic Ocean (the Weddell Sea area) with an interval of almost 20 years are presented. Data were obtained using a single instrument, the hydrobiophysical system Salpa‐M, in the area of 50–63°S, 62–49°W in March 2002 (183 soundings at 45 stations during cruise 7 on RV Gorizont) and in February 2020 (122 soundings at 18 stations during cruise 79 on RV Academic Mstislav Keldysh). The bioluminescence studies were coupled with the simultaneous measurement of temperature, electrical conductivity, and photosynthetically active radiation, and they were compared with the data from processing plankton samples. Over the past 20 years, as a consequence of the appearance of a large number of gelatinous organisms and the resulting changes in the structure of the plankton community, the bioluminescence of Antarctic waters in the euphotic layer of this region has decreased almost two‐fold, currently being in the range 8.4 × 10−12 to 104.42 × 10−12 W·cm−2·L−1.
Adipo‐specific chemerin knockout alters the metabolomic profile of adipose tissue under normal and high‐fat diet conditions: Application of an untargeted liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics method
Authors: Yanan Yang , Yi Jia , Xiaojing Lin , Jing Qu , Xiaohui Wang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo explore the metabolic effect of chemerin, adipose‐specific chemerin knockout (adipo‐chemerin−/−) male mice were established and fed with 5‐week normal diet (ND) or high‐fat diet (HFD), and then the glycolipid metabolism index was measured and epididymal adipose tissue metabolomics detected using untargeted LC–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Under HFD, adipo‐chemerin−/− mice showed improved glycolipid metabolism (decreased total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol, insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) compared with flox (control) mice. Furthermore, orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis score plots identified separation of metabolites between adipo‐chemerin−/− mice and flox mice fed ND and HFD. Under HFD, 28 metabolites were significantly enhanced in adipo‐chemerin−/− mice, and pathway enrichment analysis suggested strong relationship of the differential metabolites with arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, which were directly or indirectly related to lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress. Under ND, taurine was increased in adipo‐chemerin−/− mice, resulting in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis. In conclusion, the improved effect of chemerin knockdown on the glycolipid metabolism of HFD‐feeding male mice might be associated with the increases in differential metabolites and metabolic pathways involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress, which provided insights into the mechanism of chemerin from a metabolomics aspect.
Unfolding the impact of leadership and management on sustainability performance: Green and lean practices and guanxi as the dual mediators
Authors: Foo Pik‐Yin , Lee Voon‐Hsien , Ooi Keng‐Boon , Tan Garry Wei‐Han , Sohal Amrik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study aims to empirically evaluate the predictors that influence sustainability performance among manufacturing firms. Leadership and management, green and lean practices, and guanxi were examined to determine whether these predictors are directly and/or indirectly affecting sustainability performance; 160 valid responses were collected and partial‐least‐squares‐structural‐equation‐modeling (PLS‐SEM) was used to analyze the data. The results showed that leadership and management positively influenced green and lean practices and green and lean practices positively influenced sustainability performance. Leadership and management also positively influenced guanxi. Interestingly, leadership and management and guanxi do not exert a significant direct influence on sustainability performance. The findings contributed to the development of the resource‐based‐view theory further by empirically exploring the significance of leadership and management coupled with green and lean practices as competencies and capability to drive sustainability performance. The testing of the dual mediators' effects further added value to this study.
Collet‐Sicard syndrome due to concurrent extramedullary intracranial plasmacytoma and jugular venous sinus thrombosis in multiple myeloma
Authors: Sokhi Dilraj Singh , Mithi Caroline Wangui , Ebrahim Farah Alnoor , Salyani Adil , Waa Sheila , Riyat Malkit Singh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn a patient with Collet‐Sicard syndrome and multiple myeloma, both extramedullary plasmacytomas and internal jugular vein‐sigmoid sinus thrombosis should be considered as they can coexist.
Catalysis of Positively Charged Ru Species Stabilized by Hydroxyapatite in Amine Formylation
Authors: Jiao Dongxia , Wang Yehong , Zhang Zhixin , Zhang Jian , Lei Lijun , Wang Feng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFormamide is an important solvent and synthetic intermediate. Herein, we designed a hydroxyapatite (HAP)‐stabilized, positively charged Ru‐based catalysts which can efficiently catalyze the formylation reaction of amines with CO for the synthesis of formamide. The Ru‐HAP showed excellent catalytic performance in N,N‐Dimethylformamide (DMF) synthesis, with about 75 % dimethylamine conversion and >99 % DMF selectivity at 300 h of continuous reaction. The combination of characterization results and control experiments showed that positively charged Ru species, including hydrated RuOx and Ru3+ species, were catalytically active. In particular, the surface RuOx species were more active than the Ru3+ species located within the HAP framework.
Lightweight privacy‐aware secure authentication scheme for cyber‐physical systems in the edge intelligence era
Authors: Bakkiam Deebak Deebak , AL‐Turjman Fadi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) and cyber‐physical systems demand proper real‐time data processing and analysis to fulfill the essential characteristics of seamless computing services such as less processing time, dynamic network management, and location awareness. With the evolution of mobile edge computing, numerous security and privacy issues have been addressed including policy management, authentication, access control, and confidentiality. The technologies such as big‐data, Internet of Things, and cloud have improved the development of modern healthcare systems to improve the quality of medical services. It is nowadays integrating the computing methods and communication technologies such as wireless sensor networks, radio frequency identification, smartphones, and location awareness to collect and analyze the physiological data of the patient. The e‐Health entities such as medical device, client, and server rely on analytical models to carry out early diagnosis and remote monitoring. As it is based on e‐Health applications, a real‐time healthcare system is preferred to integrate with mobile cloud computing. Since the medical data are hugely exposed to vulnerabilities, a lightweight privacy‐aware secure authentication (LPASA) scheme is presented. To achieve better secure efficiencies, this article is preferable to use lightweight cryptographic operations, namely, one‐way hashing function and bitwise exclusive‐OR. Moreover, the formal and informal security analysis shows that the proposed LPASA can withstand the possible active and passive attacks such as replay, man‐in‐the‐middle, privileged‐insider, online‐guessing, and so forth. The experimental analysis demonstrates that the proposed LPASA scheme achieves a better quality of services in terms of packet delivery ratio, energy consumption per data delivery bit, and percentage of packets with low latency to adopt in resource‐constrained environments.
Using Weakly Supervised Deep Learning to Classify and Segment Single‐Molecule Break‐Junction Conductance Traces
Authors: Lin Dongying , Zhao Zhihao , Pan Haoyang , Li Shi , Wang Yongfeng , Wang Dong , Sanvito Stefano , Hou Shimin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn order to design molecular electronic devices with high performance and stability, it is crucial to understand their structure‐to‐property relationships. Single‐molecule break junction measurements yield a large number of conductance‐distance traces, which are inherently highly stochastic. Here we propose a weakly supervised deep learning algorithm to classify and segment these conductance traces, a method that is mainly based on transfer learning with the pretrain‐finetune technique. By exploiting the powerful feature extraction capabilities of the pretrained VGG‐16 network, our convolutional neural network model not only achieves high accuracy in the classification of the conductance traces, but also segments precisely the conductance plateau from an entire trace with very few manually labeled traces. Thus, we can produce a more reliable estimation of the junction conductance and quantify the junction stability. These findings show that our model has achieved a better accuracy‐to‐manpower efficiency balance, opening up the possibility of using weakly supervised deep learning approaches in the studies of single‐molecule junctions.
State‐Of‐The‐Art Quantification of Polymer Solution Viscosity for Plastic Waste Recycling
Authors: Kol Rita , De Somer Tobias , D'hooge Dagmar R. , Knappich Fabian , Ragaert Kim , Achilias Dimitris S. , De Meester Steven 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSolvent‐based recycling is a promising approach for closed‐loop recovery of plastic‐containing waste. It avoids the energy cost to depolymerize the plastic but still allows to clean the polymer of contaminants and additives. However, viscosity plays an important role in handling the polymer solutions at high concentrations and in the cleaning steps. This Review addresses the viscosity behavior of polymer solutions, available data, and (mostly algebraic) models developed. The non‐Newtonian viscosity models, such as the Carreau and Yasuda–Cohen–Armstrong models, pragmatically describe the viscosity of polymer solutions at different concentrations and shear rate ranges. This Review also describes how viscosity influences filtration and centrifugation processes, which are crucial steps in the cleaning of the polymer and includes a polystyrene/styrene case study.
The Role of Oxygenic Groups and sp3 Carbon Hybridization in Activated Graphite Electrodes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Hassan Ali , Haile Asnake Sahele , Tzedakis Theodore , Hansen Heine Anton , de Silva Piotr 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGraphite felt is a widely used electrode material for vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrode activation leads to the functionalization of the graphite surface with epoxy, OH, C=O, and COOH oxygenic groups and changes the carbon surface morphology and electronic structure, thereby improving the electrode's electroactivity relative to the untreated graphite. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are conducted to evaluate functionalization's contribution towards the positive half‐cell reaction of the vanadium redox flow battery. The DFT calculations show that oxygenic groups improve the graphite felt's affinity towards the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple in the following order: C=O>COOH>OH> basal plane. Projected density‐of‐states (PDOS) calculations show that these groups increase the electrode's sp3 hybridization in the same order, indicating that the increase in sp3 hybridization is responsible for the improved electroactivity, whereas the oxygenic groups’ presence is responsible for this sp3 increment. These insights can aid the selection of activation processes and optimization of their parameters.
Towards Sustainable Oxalic Acid from CO2and Biomass
Authors: Schuler Eric , Demetriou Marilena , Shiju N. Raveendran , Gruter Gert‐Jan M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo quickly and drastically reduce CO2emissions and meet our ambitions of a circular future, we need to develop carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) to deal with the CO2that we produce. While we have many alternatives to replace fossil feedstocks for energy generation, for materials such as plastics we need carbon. The ultimate circular carbon feedstock would be CO2. A promising route is the electrochemical reduction of CO2to formic acid derivatives that can subsequently be converted into oxalic acid. Oxalic acid is a potential new platform chemical for material production as useful monomers such as glycolic acid can be derived from it. This work is part of the European Horizon 2020 project “Ocean” in which all these steps are developed. This Review aims to highlight new developments in oxalic acid production processes with a focus on CO2‐based routes. All available processes are critically assessed and compared on criteria including overall process efficiency and triple bottom line sustainability.