bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIMENSIONAMENTO DE ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADE DE INTERNAÇÃO CIRÚRGICA: ESTUDO DESCRITIVO
Authors: Vicente Camila , Amante Lúcia Nazareth , Sebold Luciara Fabiane , Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis , Martins Tatiana , Salum Nádia Chiodelli , Maia Ana Rosete Camargo Rodrigues 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar o dimensionamento de enfermagem em uma unidade de internação cirúrgica.Método: estudo quantitativo, exploratório-descritivo, realizado de março a maio de 2019, durante o turno diurno, com pacientes internados em uma unidade de internação cirúrgica de um hospital universitário do sul do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se três instrumentos, aplicado aos participantes e complementados com informações do prontuário. Amostra de 196 participantes e 920 classificações do grau de dependência. Os dados foram analisados por análise descritiva simples.Resultados: os pacientes tinham uma média de 56,71 anos, 57,8% sexo masculino, 39,1% ensino fundamental incompleto e 36,7% aposentados. A maioria foi classificada em cuidados mínimos (16,81%), seguido de intermediários (6,81%), recomendando de 8,38 a 10,06 enfermeiros e 17,01 a 20,43 técnicos ou auxiliares de enfermagem.Conclusão: as peculiaridades dos pacientes cirúrgicos devem ser levadas em consideração no dimensionamento de pessoal, devendo existir mais estudos nesta área.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO ABANDONO DO TRATAMENTO DA TUBERCULOSE PULMONAR
Authors: Santos Débora Aparecida da Silva , Marques Ana Lúcia Alves , Goulart Letícia Silveira , Mattos Magda De , Olinda Ricardo Alves de 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento dos casos de tuberculose pulmonar de Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brasil, de 2008 a 2017.Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e de série histórica. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informações sobre Agravos de Notificação. Realizou-se análise descritiva e, para verificar associações, foram utilizados testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher nos casos de frequências menores que cinco. Foram estimados odds ratio e intervalos de 95% de confiança.Resultados: houve 584 casos de tuberculose pulmonar, destes 8,56% abandonaram o tratamento. O perfil dos casos de abandono foi: sexo masculino (62%), adultos (94%), pardos (54%), ensino fundamental (48%), zona urbana (90%) e realizaram Tratamento Diretamente Observado (56%). A faixa etária e TDO foram fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento.Conclusão: este estudo poderá contribuir no planejamento das ações em saúde com estratégias de prevenção com a finalidade de garantir adesão ao tratamento.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DA LESÃO RENAL AGUDA COM DESFECHOS CLÍNICOS DE PACIENTES EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Santos David Da Silva , Silva Joana Ingrid Barbosa da , Melo Ingrid Almeida de , Marques Cleidinaldo Ribeiro de Goes , Ribeiro Hilton De Lima , Santos Eduesley Santana 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a associação da Lesão Renal Aguda com os desfechos clínicos dos pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.Método: trata-se do recorte de dados de coorte com visão prospectiva, realizada em uma unidade intensiva privada na capital sergipana entre outubro de 2018 e julho de 2019. A amostra foi por conveniência e não probabilística. Os dados foram analisados com os testes de Kolmogorov-Sminorv; exato de Fisher e t-Student através do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.Resultados: participaram do estudo 100 pacientes, 29% apresentaram Lesão Renal Aguda, sendo 62,1% destes do sexo masculino e com 70±16 anos. Foi evidenciada associação da injúria com infecção (p=0,018), ventilação mecânica por mais de 48 horas (p=0,016), morte (p=0,010) e lesão por pressão (p=0,037).Conclusão: O estudo contribuirá para identificação precoce da lesão renal, promovendo auxílio no planejamento do plano para reduzir as complicações da doença.
Coincidence of pollen season and coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: less time outdoors - lesser allergy symptoms in 2020
Authors: Sözener Zeynep Çelebi , Öztürk Betül Özdel , Aydın Ömür , Demirel Yavuz Selim , Pınar Nur Münevver , Bavbek Sevim , Sin Betül Ayse , Mungan Dilşad 
Published: April 2021

Background
This year, pollen season coincided with the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Strict preventive measures have been implemented during April and May and then a normalization phase started in our country in June. Our aim is to evaluate the effect of preventive measures during the pandemic process on allergic airway disease symptoms.

Methods
A prospective questionnaire-based study was planned and a questionnaire form was sent to the cell-phones of the subjects with pollen allergy followed in our clinic. Number of airborne grass pollens was determined by Burkard volumetric 7-day spore trap.

Results
A total of 222 pollen allergic patients were included in the study. At the beginning of the pandemic, majority of the subjects were spending time mostly indoors. The rate of home-office workers gradually decreased and the rate of office workers and the number of days at work increased from April to June, significantly. Nasal and ocular symptoms of the patients, also increased in June compared to April and May and, approximately one-third of the patients had less symptoms when compared to the same period of the previous year. The rates of using a face mask and taking a shower on return home were high among the subjects during all season.

Conclusion
Our study showed that spending less time outside during the pollen season and wearing a mask outdoors reduces exposure to pollens and causes a reduction in symptoms. Thus, strict application of measures that cannot be applied in daily practice can make a significant contribution to the management of seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Current Status of Approaches to EradicateHIVInfection
Authors: Wolkenberg Scott E. , Marrouni Abdellatif El , Converso Antonella , Tellers David M. , Barnard Richard J. O. , Diamond Tracy L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDirect acting antiretroviral therapy is highly effective in suppressing viremia and preventing progression ofhuman immunodeficiency virus(HIV) toacquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS), but requires strict adherence to lifelong treatment. Upon cessation of therapy, viral rebound is observed within two to four weeks. Recently, significant effort has focused on the development of a finite drug regimen capable of providing sustained virologic response for years or decades; that is, an HIV cure. This review will provide an update on the strategies being pursued and summarize advances in the medicinal chemistry of individual targets.
The Blood–Brain Barrier and CNS Drug Delivery
Authors: Banks William A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOne of the biggest obstacles to drug development for the central nervous system (CNS) is the blood–brain barriers (BBBs). These consist of the vascular BBB, the choroid plexus (blood‐cerebrospinal fluid barrier), the tanycytic barrier at the circumventricular organs, and some specialized barriers, such as the blood–retinal barrier. Of these barriers, the vascular BBB is the most studied and most targeted for CNS drug delivery. An understanding of the composition and nature of the barriers is useful in drug development and explains both the success and difficulties of using transcellular diffusion, the mechanism used by nearly all the currently CNS active drugs, for small molecules. An understanding of the vascular BBB also explains why the intuitively appealing approaches of BBB disruption and Trojan horse have been so disappointing. Alternative approaches, including discovery, use, or modulation of transporters, adaption of adsorptive transcytosis, and targeting the BBB itself are intriguing but largely unexploited. Strategies for using these underexploited approaches are examined and specific examples are given.
Intra‐Operative Bioprinting of Hard, Soft, and Hard/Soft Composite Tissues for Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction
Authors: Moncal Kazim K. , Gudapati Hemanth , Godzik Kevin P. , Heo Dong N. , Kang Youngnam , Rizk Elias , Ravnic Dino J. , Wee Hwabok , Pepley David F. , Ozbolat Veli , Lewis Gregory S. , Moore Jason Z. , Driskell Ryan R. , Samson Thomas D. , Ozbolat Ibrahim T. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractReconstruction of complex craniomaxillofacial (CMF) defects is challenging due to the highly organized layering of multiple tissue types. Such compartmentalization necessitates the precise and effective use of cells and other biologics to recapitulate the native tissue anatomy. In this study, intra‐operative bioprinting (IOB) of different CMF tissues, including bone, skin, and composite (hard/soft) tissues, is demonstrated directly on rats in a surgical setting. A novel extrudable osteogenic hard tissue ink is introduced, which induced substantial bone regeneration, with ≈80% bone coverage area of calvarial defects in 6 weeks. Using droplet‐based bioprinting, the soft tissue ink accelerated the reconstruction of full‐thickness skin defects and facilitated up to 60% wound closure in 6 days. Most importantly, the use of a hybrid IOB approach is unveiled to reconstitute hard/soft composite tissues in a stratified arrangement with controlled spatial bioink deposition conforming the shape of a new composite defect model, which resulted in ≈80% skin wound closure in 10 days and 50% bone coverage area at Week 6. The presented approach will be absolutely unique in the clinical realm of CMF defects and will have a significant impact on translating bioprinting technologies into the clinic in the future.
Highly Reversible Aqueous Zn‐MnO2 Battery by Supplementing Mn2+‐Mediated MnO2 Deposition and Dissolution
Authors: Shen Xiaofan , Wang Xiaona , Zhou Yurong , Shi Yanhong , Zhao Liming , Jin Hehua , Di Jiangtao , Li Qingwen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRechargeable Zn‐MnO2 batteries are boosted by the reversible intercalation reactions in mild aqueous electrolytes, but they still suffer from cathode degradation. Herein, Zn‐MnO2 batteries with high durability and high energy density are achieved by supplementing MnO2 deposition and dissolution in a mild aqueous electrolyte. The main finding is that adjusting Mn2+ concentration to a critical range enables a reversible MnO2/Mn2+ redox conversion without the involvement of oxygen evolution. This can recycle the by‐products from MnOOH disproportionation (MnOOH → MnO2 + Mn2+), resulting in a battery with extremely high durability (16 000 cycles without obvious capacity fading), high energy density (602 Wh kg−1 based on the active mass of the cathode), and high‐rate capacity (430 mAh g−1 at 19.5 A g−1). The utilization of a 3D carbon nanotube foam skeleton can accommodate the volume change during MnO2 deposition/dissolution and provide paths for efficient charge and mass transport. This work provides a feasible way to push the development of Zn‐MnO2 batteries in mild aqueous electrolytes.
Fluorinated Bifunctional Solid Polymer Electrolyte Synthesized under Visible Light for Stable Lithium Deposition and Dendrite‐Free All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Jia Minyi , Wen Peng , Wang Zongtao , Zhao Yucheng , Liu Yimin , Lin Jun , Chen Mao , Lin Xinrong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) that can offer flexible processability, highly tunable chemical functionality, and cost effectiveness are regarded as attractive alternatives for liquid electrolytes (LE) to address their safety and energy density limitations. However, it remains a great challenge for SPEs to stabilize Li+ deposition at the electrolyte–electrode interface and impede lithium dendrite proliferation compared with LE‐based systems. Herein, a design of solid‐state fluorinated bifunctional SPE (FB‐SPE) that covalently tethers fluorinated chains with polyether‐based segments is proposed and synthesized via photo‐controlled radical polymerization (photo‐CRP). In contrast to the conventional non‐fluorinated polyether‐derived SPEs, FB‐SPE is able to provide conducting Li+ transport pathways up to ≈5.0 V, while simultaneously forming a LiF interaction that can enhance Li anode compatibility and prevent Li dendrites growth. As a result, the FB‐SPE exhibits outstanding cycling stability in Li||Li symmetrical cells of over 1500 operating hours at as high current density as 0.2 mA cm−2. A thin and uniform Li deposition layer and LiF‐rich SEI at the surface of Li anode are found, and stable cycling with average coulombic efficiencies of 99% is demonstrated in Li||LFP and Li||NCM all‐solid‐state batteries based on such bifunctional fluorinated SPEs. The interesting fluorine effect and effective self‐suppression of lithium dendrites will inform rational molecular design of novel electrolytes and practical development of all‐solid‐state Li metal batteries.
Fabrication of Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Scaffolds with Engineered Microscale Vasculatures
Authors: Li Shuai , Wang Wenhao , Li Wentao , Xie Mengfan , Deng Changxu , Sun Xin , Wang Chengwei , Liu Yang , Shi Guohong , Xu Yuanjing , Ma Xiaojun , Wang Jinwu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrecise fabrication of microscale vasculatures (MSVs) has long been an unresolved challenge in tissue engineering. Currently, light‐assisted printing is the most common approach. However, this approach is often associated with an intricate fabrication process, high cost, and a requirement for specific photoresponsive materials. Here, thermoresponsive hydrogels are employed to induce volume shrinkage at 37 °C, which allows for MSV engineering without complex protocols. The thermoresponsive hydrogel consists of thermosensitive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and biocompatible gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). In cell culture, the thermoresponsive hydrogel exhibits an apparent volume shrinkage and effectively triggers the creation of MSVs with smaller size. The results show that a higher concentration of GelMA blocks the shrinkage, and the thermoresponsive hydrogel demonstrates different behaviors in water and air at 37 °C. The MSVs can be effectively fabricated using the sacrificial alginate fibers, and the minimum MSV diameter achieved is 50 µm. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells form endothelial monolayers in the MSVs. Osteosarcoma cells maintain high viability in the thermoresponsive hydrogel, and the in vivo experiment shows that the MSVs provide a site for the perfusion of host vessels. This technique may help in the development of a facile method for fabricating MSVs and demonstrates strong potential for clinical application in tissue regeneration.
Design and Evaluation of an In Vitro Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Modeling System Using 3D Printed Mini Impact Device on the 3D Cultured Human iPSC Derived Neural Progenitor Cells
Authors: Shi Wen , Dong Pengfei , Kuss Mitchell A. , Gu Linxia , Kievit Forrest , Kim Hyung Joon , Duan Bin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite significant progress in understanding the disease mechanism of traumatic brain injury (TBI), promising preclinical therapeutics have seldom been translated into successful clinical outcomes, partially because the model animals have physiological and functional differences in the central nervous system (CNS) compared to humans. Human relevant models are thus urgently required. Here, an in vitro mild TBI (mTBI) modeling system is reported based on 3D cultured human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived neural progenitor cells (iPSC‐NPCs) to evaluate consequences of single and repetitive mTBI using a 3D printed mini weight‐drop impact device. Computational simulation is performed to understand the single/cumulative effects of weight‐drop impact on the NPC differentiated neurospheres. Experimental results reveal that neurospheres show reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation after repetitive (10 hits) mild impacts, while no astrocyte activation is found after one or two mild impacts. A 3D co‐culture model of human microglia cells with neurospheres is further developed. It is found that astrocyte response is promoted even after two mild impacts, possibly caused by the chronic neuroinflammation after microglia activation. The in vitro mTBI modeling system recapitulates several hallmarks of the brain impact injury and might serve as a good platform for future drug screening.
Synergetic Advantages of Atomically Coupled 2D Inorganic and Graphene Nanosheets as Versatile Building Blocks for Diverse Functional Nanohybrids
Authors: Jin Xiaoyan , Gu Tae‐Ha , Kwon Nam Hee , Hwang Seong‐Ju 
Published: April 2021

Abstract2D nanostructured materials, including inorganic and graphene nanosheets, have evoked plenty of scientific research activity due to their intriguing properties and excellent functionalities. The complementary advantages and common 2D crystal shapes of inorganic and graphene nanosheets render their homogenous mixtures powerful building blocks for novel high‐performance functional hybrid materials. The nanometer‐level thickness of 2D inorganic/graphene nanosheets allows the achievement of unusually strong electronic couplings between sheets, leading to a remarkable improvement in preexisting functionalities and the creation of unexpected properties. The synergetic merits of atomically coupled 2D inorganic–graphene nanosheets are presented here in the exploration of novel heterogeneous functional materials, with an emphasis on their critical roles as hybridization building blocks, interstratified sheets, additives, substrates, and deposited monolayers. The great flexibility and controllability of the elemental compositions, defect structures, and surface natures of inorganic–graphene nanosheets provide valuable opportunities for exploring high‐performance nanohybrids applicable as electrodes for supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries, electrocatalysts, photocatalysts, and water purification agents, to give some examples. An outlook on future research perspectives for the exploitation of emerging 2D nanosheet‐based hybrid materials is also presented along with novel synthetic strategies to maximize the synergetic advantage of atomically mixed 2D inorganic–graphene nanosheets.
Quantum Plasmonics: Energy Transport Through Plasmonic Gap
Authors: Lee Jihye , Jeon Deok‐Jin , Yeo Jong‐Souk 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAt the interfaces of metal and dielectric materials, strong light–matter interactions excite surface plasmons; this allows electromagnetic field confinement and enhancement on the sub‐wavelength scale. Such phenomena have attracted considerable interest in the field of exotic material‐based nanophotonic research, with potential applications including nonlinear spectroscopies, information processing, single‐molecule sensing, organic‐molecule devices, and plasmon chemistry. These innovative plasmonics‐based technologies can meet the ever‐increasing demands for speed and capacity in nanoscale devices, offering ultrasensitive detection capabilities and low‐power operations. Size scaling from the nanometer to sub‐nanometer ranges is consistently researched; as a result, the quantum behavior of localized surface plasmons, as well as those of matter, nonlocality, and quantum electron tunneling is investigated using an innovative nanofabrication and chemical functionalization approach, thereby opening a new era of quantum plasmonics. This new field enables the ultimate miniaturization of photonic components and provides extreme limits on light–matter interactions, permitting energy transport across the extremely small plasmonic gap. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the recent developments of quantum plasmonic resonators with particular focus on novel materials is presented. By exploring the novel gap materials in quantum regime, the potential quantum technology applications are also searched for and mapped out.
Regulating the Superficial Vacancies and OH− Orientations on Polarized Hydroxyapatite Electrocatalysts
Authors: Sans Jordi , Arnau Marc , Estrany Francesc , Turon Pau , Alemán Carlos 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSmart designs of hydroxyapatite (HAp) materials with customized electrical properties are drawing increasing attention for their wide range of potential applications. Such enhanced electrical properties directly arise from the number and orientation of OH− groups in the HAp lattice. Although different polarization treatments have been proposed to enhance the final conductivity by generating vacancies at high temperatures and imposing specific OH− orientations through electric voltages, no direct measurement showing the evolution that OH− groups undergo has been described yet. In this article, the first direct empirical observation that allows the characterization of both the generation of vacancies and the polarization of OH− groups is reported. The mechanisms behind the electrical enhancement are elucidated allowing to distinguish between charge accumulation at the crystal grains, which is due to the formed vacancies, and charge accumulation in the boundaries of particles. In addition, a linear dependence between the number of vacancies and the superficial charge is observed. Therefore, it is demonstrated that the charge accumulation at the micrometric grain boundaries has a great impact on the catalytic properties of the thermally stimulated polarized HAp. These results will be used for further optimization of the catalyst properties.
Photoelectrochemical Activity of Layered Metal Phosphorous Trichalcogenides for Water Oxidation
Authors: Oliveira Filipa M. , Paštika Jan , Pires Laura S. , Sofer Zdeněk , Gusmão Rui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract2D layered materials are currently one of the most explored materials in developing efficient and stable photoelectrocatalysts in energy conversion applications. Some of the 2D metal phosphorus chalcogenides (M2P2X6 or plainly MPX3) have been reported to be useful catalysts for water splitting. Herein, the photoresponsivity of a series of synthesized M2P2X6 (M2+ = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Cd; X = S, Se), tested for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) region in alkaline media, with excitation wavelengths from 385 to 700 nm, is reported. The experimentally determined optical bandgaps of the MPX3 materials range from 1.5 eV for FePSe3 to 3.7 eV for ZnPS3. At +1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), the photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity in the OER region of MnPSe3 exhibits superior performance, while the exfoliation of CoPS3 improves its PEC activity up to double in contrast with its bulk counterpart. The influence of the substrate (glassy carbon (GC), indium tin oxide (ITO), and aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO)) and applied potential is also studied. Exfoliated CoPS3 reaches a photoresponsivity of up to 0.6 mA W‐1 under 450 nm excitation wavelength and at +1.23 V versus RHE in alkaline electrolyte.
Remote Sensing and Remote Actuation via Silicone–Magnetic Nanorod Composites
Authors: Stottlemire Bryce J. , Miller Jonathan D. , Whitlow Jonathan , Huayamares Sebastian G. , Dhar Prajnaparamita , He Mei , Berkland Cory J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe capacity for a soft material to combine remote sensing and remote actuation is highly desirable for many applications in soft robotics and wearable technologies. This work presents a silicone elastomer with a suspension of a small weight fraction of ferromagnetic nickel nanorods, which is capable of both sensing deformation and altering stiffness in the presence of an external magnetic field. Cylinders composed of silicone elastomer and 1% by weight nickel nanorods experience large increases in compressive modulus when exposed to an external magnetic field. Incremental compressions totaling 600 g of force applied to the same silicone–nanorod composites increase the magnetic field strength measured by a Hall effect sensor enabling the material to be used as a soft load cell capable of detecting the rate, duration, and magnitude of force applied. In addition, lattice structures are 3D printed using an ink composed of silicone elastomer and 1% by weight nickel nanorods, which possess the same sensing capacity.