bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus Fermented Milk with Prebiotic Kepok Banana (Musa acuminata × balbisiana)
Authors: Windari Trisna , Yurliasni Yurliasni , Mariana Elmy , Marpaung Deva Aryana , Jinnani Rida Raihatil 
Published: February 2025

Probiotics are microbes that are alive and beneficial to their hosts. Some probiotic bacteria are Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidhopillus. The performance of these two bacteria will be optimal if prebiotics are added as a source of nutrition, namely kepok banana (Musa acuminata × balbisiana). The aim of the research was to analyze the comparative physicochemical and microbiological properties of fermented goat's milk using Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidhopillus with prebiotic kepok banana puree (Musa acuminata × balbisiana). The study used a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern, factor A percentage of kepok banana puree P1= 5% kepok banana puree, and P2= 15% kepok banana puree, factor B V1= Lactobacillus plantarum (5%) and V1= Lactobacillus acidhopillus ( 5%), done 3 times repetition. The results of the research were that adding 15% kepok banana puree to Lactobacillus plantarum was better at increasing lactic acid levels and bacterial growth in the Total Plate Count, and 15% kepok banana puree to Lactobacillus acidophilus was better at lowering pH, increasing protein levels, reducing syneresis and increase the viscosity value. The conclusion of this research is that the use of 15% can improve the performance of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidhopillus, and in general all research parameters are still within the Indonesian National Standard range. These findings contribute to the advancement of food science and microbiology by demonstrating the potential of kepok banana puree in improving the quality of goat milk-based probiotic products.
El Proyecto Curricular Institucional como estrategia para mejorar la Calidad Educativa en la Educación Básica Regular
Authors: Cuicapuza Salazar Darío 
Published: February 2025

El propósito de este artículo es dar a conocer el impacto del desarrollo del Proyecto Curricular Institucional (PCI) como alternativa para mejorar la calidad educativa, en Instituciones Educativas de Educación Básica Regular. Se ha realizado una investigación centrada en el enfoque cuantitativo de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo, utilizando escalas de medición y confiabilidad Alfa de Cronbach y Kolmogórov-Smirnov, aplicadas a 30 docentes de cinco instituciones educativas de la UGEL Tayacaja-Huancavelica. Los resultados de la encuesta y análisis han determinado que la planificación del PCI se ubica en "proceso", esta valoración se difiere de la autoevaluación docente, donde la variabilidad oscila entre "ausente" y "logrado". De acuerdo con las evidencias registradas sobre el proceso de planificación del PCI, la gran mayoría de las instituciones educativas del ámbito rural enfrentan dificultades en la construcción y desarrollo del PCI, contar con éste instrumento de gestión es relevante y pilar fundamental de la propuesta educativa como elemento fundamental para el fortalecimiento de la gestión pedagógica institucional, lo cual va a permitir evaluar la calidad del servicio educativo y la vía que posibilita la interconexión de la escuela con la comunidad local.
The spiritual intersection of Shams and sufism: A comparative analysis of Shams' character in the forty rules of love and the sufi teachings in Kashf al-Mahjoob by Ali Hajweri
Authors: Siraj Shehbaz , Mehak  , Ullah Ihsan 
Published: February 2025

The spiritual cross-path of Shams of Tabraiz, portrayed by Elif Shafak in her ground breaking work “The Forty Rules of Love”, and Sufism as explained in Kashaf ul Majooob by Ali Hajweri puts forth a compelling and eye catching lens to investigate the mystical perspectives of self-transcendence and diving love. This study explores how the transformative character of Shams as Spiritual mentor in the mentioned novel correspond with the basic principle of Sufism and particular a Sufi, expounded by Ali Hajweri in his book. With his unconventional preaching and radical wisdom, Shams recapitulates the Sufi path by accepting the divine love and deconstructing the ego as the ultimate truth. In the book, his “forty rules” shapes the crux of Sufi teaching by highlighting the very importance of humility, spiritual awakening and true love and this in turns forms the essence of the doctrine that Kashf ul Majoob presents. This forms a theoretical framework to explore the life of shams as a spiritual example. This analysis in comparison presents the character of Shams as a bridging a gap between ideals of Sufism and contemporary critics which not only makes the universal teaching of Sufism accessible beyond time but also emotionally resonant.
Mapping the global distribution and conservation status of oases—ecosystems of pivotal biocultural relevance
Authors: Hernández-Agüero Juan Antonio , Falkenhahn Mechthilde , Hetzer Jessica , Wesche Karsten , Zarfl Christiane , Tockner Klement 
Published: February 2025

Background
Oases are azonal, highly productive, densely vegetated areas within drylands, often converted to agriculture, and characterized by significant biocultural diversity. Despite their importance, comprehensive information on the global distribution and biocultural diversity of oases has been lacking.

Methods
To address this gap, a detailed bibliographic search and random forest modeling were combined to create a global map of oases, with a focus on Asia and North Africa (ANA).

Results
In the ANA region, oases cover 1.5% of the dryland area and are populated by 150 million people, with an additional 268 million people living nearby and most likely being dependent on them. Globally, oases contain more than 8,200 vertebrate species, of which 13% are classified as threatened. However, less than 0.5% of their total area is currently under protection, making oases one of the least conserved ecosystems worldwide. These findings highlight the distinct biocultural, ecological, and geopolitical importance of oases, which are increasingly threatened by climate change and direct human impacts. Despite their significance, oases remain undervalued, emphasizing an urgent need for developing adaptative strategies to sustainably manage these pivotal ecosystems.
Exponential-Gamma-Rayleigh Distribution: Theory and Properties
Authors: Adisa Agbona Anthony , Ayooluwa Odukoya Elijah , Asimi Amalare , Michael Ayeni Taiwo 
Published: February 2025

The use of traditional probability models to forecast real-world events is causing growing dissatisfaction among scholars. One of the motives could be the tail characteristics and goodness of fit metrics has a constraining tendency. Subsequently, there has been a significant increase in the generalisation of well-known probability distributions in recent years. The challenge is finding families versatile enough to fit both skewed and symmetric data. It is essential to understand that most generalised distributions described in the literature were developed using the generalised transformed transformer (T-X) method. This method was proposed by Alzaatreh et al. (2013). Also, Adewusi et al. (2019) showed that this generalization approach is beneficial by transforming the Exponential-Gamma distribution developed by Ogunwale et al. (2019) to a family of distribution known as the Exponential-Gamma-X. Therefore, in this study, we focused on developing a new family of continuous distributions called the Exponential-Gamma-Rayleigh distribution by transforming the newly generated continuous T-X family of distribution called the Exponential-Gamma-X distribution using the traditionally existing Rayleigh distribution as a transformer “X”. Several expressions for the new distribution’s theory and properties were explored and obtained; the maximum likelihood estimation approach was used to estimate the distributions' parameters, and finally, simulations studies were conducted to assess the asymptotic behaviour of the estimates.
Radiation oncology at crossroads: Rise of AI and managing the unexpected
Authors: Bakhtiari Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntegrating artificial intelligence (AI) into radiation oncology has revolutionized clinical workflows, enhancing efficiency, safety, and quality. However, this transformation comes with a price of increased complexity and the emergence of unpredictable events. This letter proposes a framework based on high reliability organization (HRO) principles for managing real‐time, unforeseen events. The framework emphasizes proactive risk assessment, adaptive teamwork at the situation assessment point, and reactive learning through incident analysis by placing human‐centered decision‐making at the core. Integrating cognitive diversity, psychological safety, and emotional intelligence fosters collective intelligence, enabling teams to navigate AI‐driven complexities while safeguarding patient safety.
1D Magnetic Topological Inorganic Electrides
Authors: Meng Weizhen , Tian Lu , Zhou Feng , Mo Zhaojun , Jiao Yalong , Wang Shiyao , Jiang Jiayu , Zhang Xiaoming , Cheng Zhenxiang , Liu Ying , Wang Wenhong , Zhang Gang , Wang Xiaotian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInorganic electrides, which are characterized by the presence of interstitial anionic electrons (IAEs) within distinct geometric cavities, exhibit unique properties and have garnered significant attention in various fields. Nevertheless, inorganic electrides face significant challenges in terms of their stability and magnetic topological states. To address these issues, a combination of high‐throughput screening, first‐principles calculations, and experimental synthesis is used to identify a series of stable 1D magnetic topological inorganic electrides with diverse properties and applications. Specifically, 17 ferromagnetic (FM) and 19 antiferromagnetic (AFM) 1D inorganic electrides, with different topological bulk and surface states are reported. Moreover, these 1D inorganic electrides exhibit lower work functions (≈3 eV) on the (001) surface, significantly enhancing their applications in ammonia synthesis. Further experimental synthesis and characterization suggested that 1D inorganic electrides exhibit extremely high stability owing to the strong hybridization between IAEs and atoms and the small surface area of IAEs. These findings involve the screening, investigation, preparation, and application of stable 1D magnetic topological inorganic electrides, heralding a new era in the study of 1D inorganic electrides in topological quantum science, spintronics, energy, and the corresponding interdisciplinary areas.
Cu‐Co Dual Sites Tandem Synergistic Effect Boosting Neutral Low Concentration Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia
Authors: Yang Wenhao , Chang Ziwei , Yu Xu , Wu Ping , Shen Ruxiang , Wang Lianzhou , Cui Xiangzhi , Shi Jianlin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractElectrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) has emerged as an alternative strategy for wastewater treatment and ammonia production in neutral low‐concentration nitrate. However, the electrocatalyst faces the challenge of limited NO3− distribution and deficient active hydrogen (Hads) on the catalyst surface resulting from the low concentration of NO3− and the difficulty of water splitting under neutral conditions. Here, a Cu‐Co dual sites tandem synergistic catalysis mechanism has been proposed by doping Cu into CoP to facilitate the adsorption and conversion of NO3− on Cu and to accelerate the water splitting on CoP leading to the significantly high NO3−RR performance. The designed Cu‐CoP catalyst exhibits an ammonia yield of 7.65 mg h−1 cm−2 and a Faraday efficiency of 85.1% at −1.0 V under neutral low‐concentration nitrate (10 m M), which is the highest ammonia yield in the reported data. In situ characterization and theoretical calculations confirm the tandem synergistic effect, in which the Cu site favors the adsorption and activation of NO3− to form NO2−, and concurrently modulates the electronic structure of the Co site with optimized Hads adsorption resulting in the significantly enhanced NO3−RR at neutral low concentration nitrate.
Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Assay, Cytotoxicity, Molecular Docking, DNA Binding/Cleavage, and Biological Evaluation of Pt(II), Ni(II), Pd(II), and Cu(II) Nano‐Sized Complexes of 2‐(6‐Fluorobenzo[d]thiazol‐2‐yl)phenol: Design, Synthesis, and Spectral Approach
Authors: Alaghaz Abdel‐Nasser M. A. , Hakami Othman , Alamri Abdullah Ali , Amri Nasser , Souadi G. , Aldulmani Sharah A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA new novel bidentate benzothiazole ligand, 2‐(6‐fluorobenzo[d]thiazol‐2‐yl)phenol (HFBTP), is synthesized through condensing 2‐mercaptoaniline and 2‐hydroxybenzoic acid in 1:1 ratio. Nano‐sized bivalent metal complexes are created and subsequently characterized using various physical methods. Based on the elemental analysis results, the complexes are inferred to follow the overall formula [M (FBTBT)2] (as M = Cu(II) (S1), Ni(II) (S2), Pd(II) (S3), and Pt(II) (S4) and FBTP = Ligand). Quantum chemical calculations, along with electronic spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and magnetic susceptibility findings, indicate that all complexes exhibit a square planar configuration. The SEM, EDX, and AFM analyses of the studied complex unveils distinct and strong diffraction peaks, indicating its crystalline nature and providing evidence of its nano‐sized particle sizes. The in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of the ligand and metal complexes was inspected against various bacterial and fungal pathogens. Viscosity measurements and UV–visible absorption were used to study the binding interactions of S1–S4 with calf thymus DNA. The DNA cleavage ability of S1–S4 with pUC19 DNA indicates that the complexes can cleave DNA without the use of any external agents. The complexes showed significantly high cytotoxicity against PC3 (prostate cancer cells). Moreover, M(II) complexes exhibited the capability for triggering DNA damage in HePG2 cells, resulting in dose‐dependent cell apoptosis. Subsequent investigations revealed that complex triggered cell cycle arrest during the S and G2 phases.
Trust‐Aware Routing Protocol Using Hierarchical Manta Ray Foraging Optimization Algorithm With Selfish Node Detection in MANET
Authors: Jeganathan Suresh , Kulandaivelu Gunasekaran , Muthusamy Dhurgadevi , Samraj Kishore Verma 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are fast, self‐organizing, infrastructure‐less wireless networks; it is highly suitable for use in emergencies, natural catastrophes, and between places without infrastructure. However, this approach fails to focus on the selfish nodes. To address this, a trust‐aware routing protocol using the Hierarchical Manta Ray Foraging Optimization Algorithm (HMRFOA) with selfish node detection in MANET (SND‐MSWGCN‐TRP‐MANET) is proposed in this manuscript. Initially, clustering is processed using Localized Sparse Incomplete Multiview Clustering (LSIMVC). The node is clustered by merging or combining two maximum comparable cluster nodes; then, the clustered node is assigned to the Mud Ring Optimization Algorithm (MROA), where the cluster head is selected using the parameters, such as energy (E), distance (Dist), delay (D), and quality of service (QoS). The selected cluster head is fed to the Multiscale Superpixel‐Guided Weighted Graph Convolutional Network (MSWGCN) for effectively detecting the selfish node to ensure secure and efficient data routing in MANET. Finally, trust‐aware routing is performed using the HMRFOA, where it selects the optimal path. Then, the proposed SND‐MSWGCN‐TRP‐MANET is implemented, and the performance metrics like energy consumption, time consumption, end‐to‐end delay, throughput, average delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and packet loss ratio (PLR) are examined. The performance of the SND‐MSWGCN‐TRP‐MANET approach attains 14.82%, 21.63%, and 31.57% lower energy consumption and 16.23%, 24.19%, and 31.82% higher throughput when analyzed to the existing techniques, like selfish node trust aware along optimized clustering for dependable routing protocol (SNTA‐CRRP‐NANET), trust‐aware safe energy‐efficient hybrid protocol in MANET (TASEP‐MANET), and cluster with angular base energy efficient trusted routing protocol in MANET (EPTRP‐MANET).
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses in Shallow Tile Drainage and Surface Water From an Agricultural Peatland: A Case Study of Extreme Summer Rainfall From Southeastern Massachusetts, United States
Authors: Millar David , Alverson Nickolas , Kennedy Casey , Jeranyama Peter , Buda Anthony , Duncan Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTile drainage has been incorporated into many cranberry production operations. Given the potential water quality impacts of tile drainage, we quantified its contribution to surface water flows and nutrient loads for a 2 ha cranberry bed during the 2014 growing season. Our results revealed that tile drainage tracked surface water flow except during (1) two major daily storm events ( >  99th percentile and >  95th percentile based on local rainfall records), which caused enhanced overland and shallow subsurface flow, and (2) extended dry periods, when surface water was stored in ditches and/or recharged to groundwater. The combination of the two major storms contributed 44% of the total N (TN) export load in the growing season and 39% of the total P (TP) export load in the growing season. The TN load in tile drainage (4.3 kg ha−1) accounted for approximately half of that exported in surface water (7.5 kg ha−1), indicating a substantial release of N during major storm events in the form of runoff, shallow groundwater flow, and potentially from the release of ditch sediments. Conversely, the TP load in tile drainage (2.7 kg ha−1) was approximately twice that exported in surface water (1.5 kg ha−1), which was consistent with the retention of P in ditch sediments.
Comparison of Mid‐Infrared and Ultraviolet Lasers Coupled to the MALDESI Source for the Detection of Secondary Metabolites and Structural Lipids in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ashbacher Sarah M. , Manni Jeffrey G. , Muddiman David C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMatrix‐assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI) conventionally utilizes a mid‐infrared (IR) laser for the desorption of neutrals, allowing for detection of hundreds to thousands of analytes simultaneously. This platform enables mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) capabilities to not only detect specific molecules but also reveal the distribution and localization of a wide range of biomolecules across an organism. However, an IR laser comes with its disadvantages when imaging plants. At a mid‐IR wavelength (2970 nm), the compartmentalized endogenous water within the leaf structure acts as an internal matrix, causing rapid heating, and, in turn, degrades the spatial resolution and signal quality. An ultraviolet (UV) laser operates at wavelengths that overlap with the absorption bands of secondary metabolites allowing them to serve as sacrificial matrix molecules. With the integration and optimization of a 355 nm UV laser into the MALDESI‐MSI NextGen source for the analysis of plants, we were able to detect diverse molecular classes including flavonoids, fatty acid derivatives, galactolipids, and glucosinolates, at higher ion abundances when compared to the mid‐IR laser. These results show that re‐visiting UV‐MALDESI‐MSI, without the need for an exogenous matrix, provides a promising approach for the detection and imaging of important analytes in plants.
Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound enables precision diagnosis of preoperative muscle invasion in bladder cancer: a prospective study
Authors: Ou Qiyun , Xie Weibin , Yu Yunfang , Ou Bing , Luo Man , Chen Yongjian , Pan Weiwei , Lai Yiming , Li Zhuohang , Kong Jianqiu , Wu Zhuo , Ruan Jingliang , Han Jingjing , Lin Tianxin , Luo Baoming 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBladder cancer's high mortality underscores the need for precise staging, especially to differentiate between nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) types. This prospective study evaluated the efficacy of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for preoperative staging, focusing on its ability to distinguish NMIBC from MIBC. Conducted from April 2020 to September 2021, the study involved 163 patients (median age: 64.0 years; 137 males, 26 females), with 133 NMIBC (81.6%) and 30 MIBC (18.4%). Each patient underwent CEUS followed by transurethral resection of bladder tumor or radical cystectomy. CEUS demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy in determining muscle invasion status (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 92.5%, accuracy 90.8%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.88). Comparative analyses against MRI (AUC 0.77) showed CEUS outperforming in muscle invasion detection. Combining CEUS with MRI improved diagnostic accuracy, particularly when MRI vesical imaging reporting and data system score was 3 points. The combined approach achieved an AUC of 0.73, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 76.2, 70.2, and 71.6%, respectively. Thus, CEUS emerges as a valuable diagnostic tool for preoperative staging of bladder cancer, particularly in its role in assessing muscle invasion status and thereby aiding in clinical decision‐making and intervention outcomes.
An Algebraic Preconditioner for the Exactly Divergence‐Free Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Stokes
Authors: Rhebergen Sander , Southworth Ben S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe present an algebraic preconditioner for the exactly divergence‐free discontinuous Galerkin (DG) discretization of Cockburn, Kanschat, and Schötzau [J. Sci. Comput., 31 (2007), pp. 61–73] and Wang and Ye [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 45 (2007), pp. 1269–1286] for the Stokes problem. The exactly divergence‐free DG method uses finite elements that use an ‐conforming basis, thereby significantly complicating its solution by iterative methods. Several preconditioners for this Stokes discretization has been developed, but each is based on specialized solvers or decompositions. To avoid requiring custom solvers, we hybridize the ‐conforming finite element so that the velocity lives in a standard ‐DG space, and present a simple algebraic preconditioner for the extended hybridized system. The proposed preconditioner is optimal in mesh size , effective in 2d and 3d, and only relies on standard relaxation and algebraic multigrid methods available in many packages. Furthermore, the Schur complement approximation is robust in element order , although more AMG cycles are needed on the velocity block when increasing .