bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociability‐based fitness approach in Parkinson’s disease: Comparison with conventional rehabilitation
Authors: Mitsui Takao , Arii Yoshiharu , Tsukamoto Ai , Taniguchi Koichiro , Mabuchi Masaru , Shimizu Arisa , Sumitomo Nichika , Maki Yukiko Kuroda 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe effect of a sociability‐based fitness approach on parkinsonian disability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) was assessed.MethodsEighty patients diagnosed with PD were randomly assigned to either the group‐based rehabilitation (GBR) group (n = 40) or the individual‐based rehabilitation (IBR) group (n = 40). The primary outcome was the difference between the two groups in the mean change from baseline to post‐training in the total score on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). The secondary outcomes included the change in mental status and the difference in the mean change from baseline to month 3 and month 6 in the total score on the UPDRS.ResultsThe mean (±SD) UPDRS scores were 72.0 ± 21.0 in the GBR group and 72.1 ± 18.6 in the IBR group. The UPDRS scores from baseline to post‐training were 22.8 ± 13.5 in the GBR group and 10.9 ± 8.8 in the IBR group (difference 11.8 points; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.0–18.6; p = 0.001). The difference between the groups from baseline to month 3 (difference 10.06 points; 95% CI 3.3–16.8) and the difference between the groups from baseline to month 6 (difference 11.7 points; 95% CI 4.9–18.5) were also significant (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). The scores of cognitive function and depression had not changed significantly.ConclusionsPatients receiving GBR demonstrated significant improvements in parkinsonian symptoms, suggesting that the sociability‐based fitness can be applied to clinical treatment by sustaining the motivation in PD.
Osteochondral fragmentation of the palmarolateral/plantarolateral aspect of the distal phalanx in four horses: A novel location
Authors: Lloyd K. A. , Smith M. R. W. , Whitton R. C. , Stent A. W. , Steel C. M. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryFour horses presenting for lameness were diagnosed with unilateral osteochondral fragmentation (OCF) of the palmarolateral/plantarolateral aspect of the distal phalanx within the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ). Histological evaluation of one case supported a diagnosis of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), with patient age and history from two cases suggesting a traumatic origin. Lesion appearance on conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT), nuclear scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are described. Fragmentation was best identified on dorsal 65° proximal‐palmaro/plantarodistal oblique (D65°PrPDiO/D65°PrPlDiO) and dorsal 65° proximal‐palmaro/plantarodistal lateral oblique (D65°Pr45°L‐PDiMO/D65°Pr45°L‐PlDiMO) radiographic projections of the foot, but articular pathology appeared more severe on cross‐sectional imaging modalities. In all cases, lameness was refractory to conservative management. Arthroscopic evaluation of the DIPJ was performed in three horses, although the lesion was inaccessible in two. In one horse, access to the lesion was possible due to increased joint laxity, presumably due to concurrent soft tissue injury. One horse was euthanased after failed conservative management, one was pasture sound following palmar digital neurectomy 12 months after initial presentation, one returned to racing and one was lost to follow‐up. Osteochondral fragmentation at this location has not previously been described, treatment options are limited and the prognosis appears to be poor.
Exploring critical perspectives on labour market information through the lens of elite graduate recruitment
Authors: Staunton Tom 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article provides a critical discourse analysis of how career is discussed on elite graduate recruitment websites. Building on previous work from Handley (2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017016686031) and Ingram and Allen (2019, https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026118790949) this article draws attention to how career is constructed, first, as something which graduates consume and, second, as a ‘liminal experience’ which transforms the graduates' identities and allows them to gain access to a new authentic self, now able to progress towards their personal goals. This ideological reading of careers information is different to traditional understandings of careers information in Higher Education research which focuses on the objective nature of information which can be used to support the rational decision making. Focussing on the ideology of career draws attention to the need for careers delivery, in Higher Education and beyond, to engage with more critical pedagogical approaches.
Intense emission at 2.9 μm from Yb3+/Ho3+ co‐doped TeO2–Ga2O3–ZnO tellurite glasses
Authors: Zhang Yongqi , Li Xiaoxi , Wang Weichao , Zhang Xianghua , Xu Yinsheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMid‐infrared lasers have important applications in infrared countermeasures, sensing, environmental monitoring, biomedicine, and many military and civilian fields. In this work, an intense emission at 2.9 μm from Yb3+/Ho3+ co‐doped TeO2‐Ga2O3‐ZnO (TGZ) glass was reported. The 2 μm, 1.2 μm and visible emissions were also performed to understand the competitive luminescent mechanism. With the increase in Yb3+ concentration, all the emissions of Ho3+ increased, whereas the emission of Yb3+ decreased due to the phonon‐assisted energy transfer from Yb3+ to Ho3+. The lifetimes of optimized 3 mol% Yb2O3 and 1 mol% Ho2O3 co‐doped TGZ glass, which has the maximum emission intensity, are 548 μs and 1.7 ms at 2.9 and 2 μm, respectively. The Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters, absorption, and emission cross sections were calculated to evaluate the mid‐infrared fluorescence properties of this new glass matrix material. The gain coefficients show that the 2 and 2.9 μm laser gain can be realized by small pump energy, indicating that this glass is a promising medium for the mid‐infrared optical fiber laser.
Association between influenza and the incidence rate of new‐onset type 1 diabetes in Japan
Authors: Nishioka Yuichi , Noda Tatsuya , Okada Sadanori , Myojin Tomoya , Kubo Shinichiro , Higashino Tsuneyuki , Nakajima Hiroki , Sugiyama Takehiro , Ishii Hitoshi , Imamura Tomoaki 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTAimThis study aimed to determine whether there is an association between influenza and new‐onset type 1 diabetes.Materials and methodsThis population‐based retrospective cohort study used data from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Check‐ups of Japan. Influenza was defined based on drug prescriptions and the onset of type 1 diabetes was defined using specific medical codes indicating a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. The incidence rate ratio of new‐onset type 1 diabetes within 180 days after an influenza diagnosis was calculated and it was compared with that at other times using Poisson regression and generalized estimating equations. Sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm the robustness of this finding.ResultsThe data of 10,400 patients with new‐onset type 1 diabetes were analyzed, including 2,196 (952 male 1,244 female) patients diagnosed with influenza between 1 September 2014 and 31 August 2017. Although only patients with type 1 diabetes were included, adjusted analysis showed that individuals had a 1.3‐fold (95% confidence interval: 1.15–1.46) higher risk of developing type 1 diabetes in the first 180 days after influenza diagnosis than that at other times.ConclusionsIn this Japanese population‐based cohort, the risk of new‐onset type 1 diabetes may increase after the diagnosis of influenza. These results, which must be confirmed in other populations, suggest that influenza may be a causal factor for new‐onset type 1 diabetes. The molecular mechanisms underlying the potential etiological relationship between influenza and type 1 diabetes should be elucidated.
The causal linkage between inflation and inflation uncertainty under structural breaks: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Apergis Nicholas , Bulut Umit , Ucler Gulbahar , Ozsahin Serife 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to examine the relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty for Turkey through monthly data spanning the period 2004:01–2019:12. To this end, the paper first builds the inflation uncertainty series using inflation data. Second, it examines the cointegration relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty. Finally, it searches for causal relationships between inflation and inflation uncertainty. The paper employs econometric methods which explicitly consider structural breaks. After examining the inflation–inflation uncertainty nexus for the whole sample, the analysis also investigates this relationship in two subperiods, i.e., 2004:5–2010:10 and 2010:11:2019:12 considering the change in the monetary policy framework of the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT). The findings provide evidence that there exists unidirectional causality running from inflation to inflation uncertainty for both the whole sample and the second subperiod, while there is no causality between inflation and inflation uncertainty for the first subperiod. Overall, the results show that during the second subperiod (i) when the CBRT tried to achieve not only price stability, but also financial stability and (ii) when the inflation rate is more volatile and higher, the increase in the inflation rate results in an increase in inflation uncertainty.
Multisectoral nutrition planning in Nepal: Evidence from an organizational network analysis
Authors: Ruducha Jenny , Bhatia Amiya , Mann Carlyn , Torlesse Harriet 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMultisectoral approaches are central to the global Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) movement and the Sustainable Development Goals. Nepal joined SUN in 2011 and approved the first 5‐year Multisectoral Nutrition Plan (MSNP) in 2012, covering 2013–2017. This mixed methods study draws on organizational network analysis (ONA) and qualitative interviews with a sample of 22 organizations to examine (1) levels of engagement and network dynamics among government sectors and development organizations and (2) milestones and processes in the development and implementation of Nepal's MSNP. Findings suggest that the development of the MSNP was related to the high density of organizational connections; the leadership role of the Nepal's National Planning Commission and the National Nutrition and Food Security Secretariat; and the bridging roles played by a few government ministries and UN agencies that linked organizations that did not have direct relationships with each other. Specialized roles were observed for the three types of working relationships: policy dialogue, strategic planning and implementation. Partners were less connected on MSNP implementation than for policy dialogue and strategic planning, which may have constrained collaborative scale‐up efforts. The Ministry of Agricultural Development, in particular, was the conduit for connecting non‐health sectors into the broader network. Our study offers insights into the structure and dynamics of multisectoral planning in Nepal. It also contributes to a small but growing literature that illustrates how ONA can be applied to measure and use network results to elucidate the processes for strengthening multisectoral planning and implementation of nutrition‐specific and nutrition‐sensitive interventions.
Is sexual dysfunction associated with periodontal status in perimenopausal women?: A pilot study
Authors: Gürlek Beril , Zihni Korkmaz Meltem , Kurt Bayrakdar Sevda , Alan Yasemin , Akça Nezih , Uzun Hakkı 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe current study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between periodontal status and sexual dysfunction in perimenopausal women.Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted on 106 participants. After the evaluation of the sexual functioning of participants with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), their periodontal status and decayed–missing–filled teeth (DMFT) were assessed using appropriate indexes and obtained results were recorded for comparisons. Participants were divided into two groups by the periodontal status. Patients with periodontitis were grouped by the stage and the extent of the disease. Besides, participants were grouped according to the bleeding on probing (BOP) ratios for more detailed analyses.ResultsA negative significant correlation was observed between total FSFI scores and each of the clinical periodontal parameters. Total FSFI scores and the scores of arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain domains were significantly lower in periodontitis patients (p < .05). When the patients were grouped as having localized or generalized periodontitis or whether they had stage‐I, ‐II, and ‐III periodontitis, no statistically significant differences were observed in the distribution of general sexual dysfunction parameters across the groups (p > .05).ConclusionPeriodontal status in perimenopausal women may be associated with sexual dysfunction.
The effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere in the Amerasia Basin, Arctic Ocean
Authors: Ling Zi‐Long , Zhao Li‐Hong , Zhang Tao , Zhai Guo‐Jun , Yang Fan‐Lin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs a proxy for the lithospheric strength at the time of loading, the effective elastic thickness of the lithosphere (Te) can aid in understanding the structure and evolution of the lithosphere. Here, we obtain spatial variations in Te of Amerasia Basin and surrounding regions using the fan‐shaped Morlet wavelet method. Our results show that variations in Te generally agree well with tectonic provinces in the region. The eastern part of Makarov Basin has the same lithospheric strength as Alpha and Mendeleev ridges, which may be attributed to the influence of the High Arctic large igneous province. N‐S and E‐W Te variations in Podvodnikov Basin may reflect two phases of its formation. Western and eastern parts of south Canada Basin have prominent low and high Te values, respectively. This study provides the reliable Te results of central Arctic and improves our understanding of the evolution of the Arctic.
A new model combining building block displacement and building block area reduction for resolving spatial conflicts
Authors: Pilehforooshha Parastoo , Karimi Mohammad , Mansourian Ali 
Published: March 2021

AbstractApplying pre‐processing and geometric transformation, for the generalization of building blocks, can lead to spatial conflicts which are mainly resolved by displacement. However, the conflicts may not be resolved, due to the insufficient space for displacement or the existence of other objects that prevent displacement. This article proposes a novel model combining building block displacement and building block area reduction for resolving spatial conflicts. In this model, first the immune genetic algorithm with improved objective function, with the goal of minimizing the total conflicting area, is used for displacement. Second, a building block area reduction model is applied to reduce the area of the unresolved conflicting building blocks. For this, a building segment partitioning model is developed for partitioning the boundaries of conflicting building blocks. Then, the conflicting segments are locally simplified for more adaptation to the initial generalized ones. We generalized two datasets from scale 1:25 to 1:50k and then used the datasets with scale 1:50k to assess the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the proposed model has improved the correctness and completeness by 3.62 and 4.24% for dataset 1 and 5.67 and 7.92% for dataset 2, respectively, compared to one of the recent models for resolving conflicts.
Health and social outcomes of HIV‐vulnerable and HIV‐positive pregnant and post‐partum adolescents and infants enrolled in a home visiting team programme in Kenya
Authors: Levy Marcy , Duffy Malia , Pearson Jennifer , Akuno Job , Oduong Samuel , Yemaneberhan Aida , Coombs Alexandra , Davis Nicole , Yonga Isabella , Kerubo Mokaya Rose 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesHIV‐positive and HIV‐vulnerable pregnant adolescent girls and adolescent mothers face significant barriers and vulnerabilities. Infants born to adolescent mothers are also more likely to die and be exposed to life‐threatening conditions. This paper presents findings from an evaluation of a programme that used a home visitation model and offered a case‐management, team‐focused approach to increase family and community supportiveness to enhance health and social service uptake among pregnant adolescent girls and adolescent mothers in Kenya.MethodsThe study used a quasi‐experimental design with before and after comparisons among a non‐randomised population to examine the effectiveness of bi‐monthly household visits to 384 enrolled pregnant adolescent girls, adolescent mothers (ages 10–19) and their infants (0–24 months) between March 2018 and February 2019 in three counties in Kenya.ResultsDuring the programme, household support increased from 57% to 85%, while 100% of eligible participants were on ART and virally suppressed (total of 20 adolescents). Nearly all pregnant adolescent girls (94%) delivered under skilled care vs. 78% of those who were post‐partum at the time of enrolment (P < 0.001); 100% of infants (total of 17 infants) had an up‐to‐date PCR test with no seroconversions. Uptake of modern family planning increased from 39% at baseline to 64% at end line (P < 0.001). The referral rate declined from 84% to 78% from baseline to end line with low uptake of referrals for mental health services (17.3%).ConclusionsA team‐focused approach of home visits to HIV‐vulnerable and HIV‐positive pregnant and post‐partum adolescent girls and their infants combined with efforts to reduce stigma and increase supportiveness of households and the community can help address critical socio‐cultural and behavioural barriers to accessing and using health and social services.
Incremental and Localized Update of Convex Decomposition for Form Feature Decomposition
Authors: Parienté Frédéric , Kim Yong Se 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Alternating Sum of Volumes with Partitioning (ASVP) decomposition is a volumetric representation of a part obtained from its boundary representation, organizing the faces of the part in an outside-in hierarchy. A Form Feature Decomposition (FFD) which can serve as a central feature representation for various applications is obtained from ASVP decomposition. In a typical design procedure, part designs are analyzed for a given application context and redesign suggestions are made; design changes are then propagated from one context to another through the FFD. Thus, incremental update capability is crucial to support design refinement. FFD incremental update can be achieved by incrementally updating the corresponding ASVP decomposition.
This paper describes how ASVP incremental update is achieved by exploiting the hierarchical structure of the decomposition. ASVP incremental update seeks to determine the new decomposition tree of a part, after its boundary representation is changed, without computing it from scratch. Based on local face alteration and extremality considerations, we look for active components that need to be updated. For a connected delta volume, defined as the volumetric difference between the old and new parts, active components are localized in a subtree of the decomposition tree, called active subtree. Then, the new decomposition is obtained by only updating the active subtree using localized ASVP decomposition operations.
Manufacturability Analysis Using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps
Authors: Gavankar Prasad S. , Rao Subramanya K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Today’s designers face a challenge of designing newer products in a shorter period of time. The task can be achieved successfully only if the designers are aware of manufacturability constraints throughout the design process. In this paper, a novel framework is outlined that will make a design easy to manufacture. Fuzzy cognitive maps are employed to develop the design framework.
Fuzzy logic is being increasingly used in engineering decision making. Fuzzy logic models the reality better than crisp logic since uncertainties are involved in most design and manufacturing problems. In this research, a framework is built to couple design features with manufacturing constraints. Fuzzy cognitive maps are employed to build the framework. The goal is to evaluate the implications of changing design features on the relative ease of manufacture. The presented concepts are illustrated using a real life design problem.
Regulation of OATP1B1 Function by Tyrosine Kinase–mediated Phosphorylation
Authors: Hayden Elizabeth R. , Chen Mingqing , Pasquariello Kyle Z. , Gibson Alice A. , Petti James J. , Shen Shichen , Qu Jun , Ong Su Sien , Chen Taosheng , Jin Yan , Uddin Muhammad Erfan , Huang Kevin M. , Paz Aviv , Sparreboom Alex , Hu Shuiying , Sprowl Jason A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurpose:OATP1B1 (SLCO1B1) is the most abundant and pharmacologically relevant uptake transporter in the liver and a key mediator of xenobiotic clearance. However, the regulatory mechanisms that determine OATP1B1 activity remain uncertain, and as a result, unexpected drug–drug interactions involving OATP1B1 substrates continue to be reported, including several involving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI).Experimental Design:OATP1B1-mediated activity in overexpressing HEK293 cells and hepatocytes was assessed in the presence of FDA-approved TKIs, while rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics in the presence of an OATP1B1 inhibiting TKI were measured in vivo. Tyrosine phosphorylation of OATP1B1 was determined by LC/MS-MS–based proteomics and transport function was measured following exposure to siRNAs targeting 779 different kinases.Results:Twenty-nine of 46 FDA-approved TKIs studied significantly inhibit OATP1B1 function. Inhibition of OATP1B1 by TKIs, such as nilotinib, is predominantly noncompetitive, can increase systemic concentrations of rosuvastatin in vivo, and is associated with reduced phosphorylation of OATP1B1 at tyrosine residue 645. Using genetic screens and functional validation studies, the Src kinase LYN was identified as a potential regulator of OATP1B1 activity that is highly sensitive to inhibition by various TKIs at clinically relevant concentrations.Conclusions:A novel kinase-dependent posttranslational mechanism of OATP1B1 activation was identified and interference with this process by TKIs can influence the elimination of a broad range of xenobiotic substrates.