bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and outcomes of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in the elderly
Authors: Muthu Valliappan , Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Prasad Kuruswamy Thurai , Dhooria Sahajal , Garg Mandeep , Aggarwal Ashutosh N. , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Agarwal Ritesh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence and outcomes of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in the elderly remain unknown.MethodsWe reviewed our database to identify the proportion of subjects diagnosed with ABPA at ≥60 years of age (ABPA‐elderly). We compared the clinical features, treatment and outcomes of ABPA‐elderly versus the non‐elderly (ABPA diagnosed at <60 years of age).ResultsBetween 2007 and 2019, we encountered 810 ABPA subjects with a mean age of 34.9 years (49.4% women). Of these, 43 (5.3%) were aged ≥60 years (ABPA‐elderly). There was a trend towards lower median (interquartile range [IQR]) serum total IgE (4900 [2659‐10000] vs. 7156 [23360‐11963] IU/mL; P = .06) and Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific IgE (12.3 [4.8‐29.6] vs. 22.4 [7.7‐41.5] kUA/L; P = .06) in the elderly than the non‐elderly. Eosinophil counts were similar in the two groups. The median [IQR] number of segments involved by bronchiectasis (5 [2‐9] vs. 7 [4‐11]) was significantly lower in the ABPA‐elderly (P = .001). The proportion of subjects experiencing ABPA exacerbations was significantly (P = .047) lower in the elderly (25.6%) vs. the non‐elderly (40.8%). There was also a tendency towards a lower mean number of exacerbations in the elderly (155 vs. 208 exacerbation per 1000 person‐years) than the non‐elderly (P = .09). There was also a trend towards longer mean time to first exacerbation in the ABPA‐elderly than the non‐elderly (1612 vs. 1159 days).ConclusionABPA was uncommon in the elderly. The bronchiectasis is less extensive with a trend towards lower immunological severity and fewer exacerbations in the elderly than the non‐elderly subjects with ABPA.
Primary epithelioid sarcoma of the oral cavity: Review of literature and presentation of a rare entity
Authors: Brar Branden R. , Dang Rushil R. , Noonan Vikki L. , Salama Andrew R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare malignancy when diagnosed within the oral cavity. Currently, only four cases of primary ES of the oral cavity have been reported in the literature. The diagnosis of ES is difficult and requires differentiation from other sarcomas, benign inflammatory processes and squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsHerein, we have described a primary ES of the lateral oral tongue in a young female. This is the third case of primary ES of the tongue to be reported.ResultsA young female underwent partial glossectomy and post‐operative radiation for definitive treatment of a primary ES of the lateral oral tongue with no recurrence at 18 months.ConclusionEpithelioid sarcoma is a clinically aggressive sarcoma with poor overall survival. Treatment is primarily based on evidence from limited case reports and treatment of non‐head and neck soft tissue sarcomas. Treatment requires a multimodal approach including surgical excision and often postoperative radiation therapy, and close follow‐up.
A little bit of LOGIC goes a long way: Multidisciplinary management of LOGIC Syndrome‐associated oral manifestations
Authors: Tailor Artysha , Bolt Robert , Kandiah Pathanjali , Rodd Helen , Ali Khurram Syed 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLOGIC syndrome (laryngeal and ocular granulation tissues in children from the Indian subcontinent), also known as Laryngo‐onycho‐cutaneous (LOC) syndrome, is a rare, autosomal recessive condition that is a subtype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB), primarily occurring in individuals of Punjabi ancestry. First observed by Shabbir et al in 1986, it has since been discovered that the syndrome is a result of autosomal recessive mutations in the LAMA3 gene. The clinical manifestations of the syndrome can be life threatening and are characterised by excessive granulation tissue deposition on the skin and mucous membranes including laryngeal, ocular and oral sites. Oral manifestations can drastically affect the quality of life. We present a case of LOGIC syndrome to highlight the importance of clinicians understanding the oral manifestations of the syndrome and implementing a multidisciplinary approach with good communication across specialities, including pathologists.
A multi‐disciplinary approach to the diagnosis and management of allergic diseases: An EAACI Task Force
Authors: Vassilopoulou Emilia , Skypala Isabel , Feketea Gavriela , Gawlik Radoslaw , Dunn Galvin Audrey , Meyer Rosan , Pitsios Constantinos , Maria Pop Raluca , Ryan Dermot , Said Maria , Scheire Sophie , Vlieg‐Boerstra Berber , Kull Inger 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines for management of patients with allergic conditions are available, but the added value of nurses, allied healthcare professionals (AHPs), and general practitioners (GPs), in the management of allergic disease, has not been fully clarified. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) appointed a task force to explore this issue.AimTo investigate the added value of nurses, AHPs, and GPs in management of allergic diseases, in an integrated model of care.MethodsA search was made of peer‐reviewed literature published between 2010 and December 2020 (Cochrane Library, PubMed, and CINAHL) on the involvement of the various specific healthcare providers (HCPs) in the management of allergic diseases.ResultsFacilitative models of care for patients with allergies can be achieved if HCP collaborates in the diagnosis and management. Working in multi‐disciplinary teams (MDT) can increase patients' understanding of the disease, adherence to treatment, self‐care capabilities, and ultimately improve quality of life. The MDT competencies and procedures can be improved and enhanced in a climate of mutual respect and shared values, and with inclusion of patients in the planning of care. Patient‐centered communication among HCPs and emphasis on the added value of each profession can create an effective integrated model of care for patients with allergic diseases.ConclusionNurses, AHPs, and GPs, both individually and in collaboration, can contribute to the improvement of the management of patients with allergic disease. The interaction between the HCPs and the patients themselves can ensure maximum support for people with allergies.
Short‐term warming does not affect intrinsic thermotolerance but induces strong sustaining photoprotection in tropical evergreen citrus genotypes
Authors: Guha Anirban , Vharachumu Talent , Khalid Muhammad F. , Keeley Mark , Avenson Thomas J. , Vincent Christopher 
Published: November 2021

AbstractConsequences of warming and postwarming events on photosynthetic thermotolerance (PT) and photoprotective responses in tropical evergreen species remain elusive. We chose Citrus to answer some of the emerging questions related to tropical evergreen species' PT behaviour including (i) how wide is the genotypic variation in PT? (ii) how does PT respond to short‐term warming and (iii) how do photosynthesis and photoprotective functions respond over short‐term warming and postwarming events? A study on 21 genotypes revealed significant genotypic differences in PT, though these were not large. We selected five genotypes with divergent PT and simulated warming events: Tmax 26/20°C (day‐time highest maximum/night‐time lowest maximum) (Week 1) < Tmax 33/30°C (Week 2) < Tmax 36/32°C (Week 3) followed by Tmax 26/16°C (Week 4, recovery). The PT of all genotypes remained unaltered despite strong leaf megathermy (leaf temperature > air temperature) during warming events. Though moderate warming showed genotype‐specific stimulation in photosynthesis, higher warming unequivocally led to severe loss in net photosynthesis and induced higher nonphotochemical quenching. Even after a week of postwarming, photoprotective mechanisms strongly persisted. Our study points towards a conservative PT in evergreen citrus genotypes and their need for sustaining higher photoprotection during warming as well as postwarming recovery conditions.
Associations between executive functioning, personality, and posttraumatic stress symptoms in adolescent solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Stolz Mary Gray , Rea Kelly E. , Cushman Grace K. , Quast Lauren F. , Gutierrez‐Colina Ana M. , Eaton Cyd , Blount Ronald L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPediatric solid organ transplant recipients are susceptible to posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), given the presence of a life‐threatening chronic medical condition and potential for complications. However, little is known about what individual characteristics are associated with an increased risk for PTSS among youth who received an organ transplant. The aim of the current study was to evaluate PTSS and its associations with executive functioning (EF) and personality (i.e., neuroticism and conscientiousness) among adolescents with solid organ transplants.MethodsFifty‐three adolescents (Mage = 16.40, SD = 1.60) with a kidney, heart, or liver transplant completed self‐report measures of PTSS and personality, whereas caregivers completed a caregiver‐proxy report of adolescent EF.ResultsTwenty‐two percent of adolescent transplant recipients reported clinically significant levels of PTSS. Higher EF difficulties and neuroticism levels, and lower conscientiousness levels were significantly associated with higher PTSS (rs −.34 to .64). Simple slope analyses revealed that adolescents with both high EF impairment and high levels of neuroticism demonstrated the highest PTSS (t = 3.47; p < .001).ConclusionsMost adolescent transplant recipients in the present study did not report clinically significant levels of PTSS; however, those with high neuroticism and greater EF difficulties may be particularly vulnerable to PTSS following organ transplantation. Following transplantation, medical providers should assess for PTSS and risk factors for developing PTSS. Identification of those at risk for PTSS is critical, given the strong associations between PTSS and certain medical outcomes (e.g., medication nonadherence) among these youth.
Application of adrenocorticotropic hormone in recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis post‐transplantation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Lizhi , Wu Jingyi , Ying Daojing , Jiang Mengjie , Xu Yuanyuan , Mo Ying , Rong Liping , Jiang Xiaoyun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe recurrence rate of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) post‐renal transplantation is as high as 30%–50%. However, the pathogenesis is unclear. At present, there is no unified standard for the treatment of recurrent FSGS post‐transplantation. Its treatment is full of risks and challenges.MethodsWe report a child with recurrent FSGS with massive proteinuria 6~9 g/m2/day and resistance to plasma exchange (PE) and rituximab (RTX). On the basis of receiving anti‐rejection therapy of prednisone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), we treated the child with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and reviewed the literature on the application of ACTH in the recurrence of FSGS post‐transplantation.ResultsAfter 1 year of treatment with ACTH, the patient's urinary protein decreased and fluctuated between 0.6 and 1.1 g/m2/day. The albumin (ALB) and cholesterol (CHOL) returned to the normal range. The patient achieved complete remission after 19 months of ACTH treatment and maintained until now. There was no obvious adverse reaction. Literature review showed that up to February 2021, a total of 8 studies showed the use of ACTH in kidney transplant patients, and all the patients in the study achieved remission.ConclusionsACTH is a potential option for treating recurrent FSGS post‐transplantation with fewer side effects and relatively safe for patients. However, further evaluation is needed to better adapt to different populations.
Threshold Ocular Exposure to Near Infrared Radiation for Causing Acute Opacification in the Rabbit Lens
Authors: Okuno Tsutomu , Kojima Masami , Hasanova Nailia , Ishiba Yoshihisa , Sliney David H. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTSurveys and epidemiological studies have reported an increased prevalence of cataracts in the glass and steel industries, which are associated with exposure to intense infrared radiation (IR). Indeed, animal studies have demonstrated that IR exposure can produce acute changes in the crystalline lens that are likely to lead to cataract formation. However, little is known about threshold IR exposure for causing acute cataractous changes, which is important in the prevention of IR‐induced cataract, especially as a basis for short‐term IR exposure limits. Previously, we exposed rabbit eyes to 808 nm wavelength IR at different irradiances for 6 min to determine the threshold irradiance to cause acute lens opacification. Presently, we similarly determined the threshold irradiance for exposure durations of 3 min, 1 min, 30 s, 10 s and 4 s. The threshold irradiance increased steadily with decreasing exposure duration, from 1.1 W cm−2 at 6 min to 4.1 W·cm−2 at 4 s. These threshold values are consistent with ICNIRP exposure limits to avoid IR‐induced cataract formation in the tested range of exposure duration, but suggest that it may be necessary to lower the exposure limits for shorter exposure durations.
Invariant variational schemes for ordinary differential equations
Authors: Bihlo Alex , Jackaman James , Valiquette Francis 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe propose a novel algorithmic method for constructing invariant variational schemes of systems of ordinary differential equations that are the Euler–Lagrange equations of a variational principle. The method is based on the invariantization of standard, noninvariant discrete Lagrangian functionals using equivariant moving frames. The invariant variational schemes are given by the Euler–Lagrange equations of the corresponding invariantized discrete Lagrangian functionals. We showcase this general method by constructing invariant variational schemes of ordinary differential equations that preserve variational and divergence symmetries of the associated continuous Lagrangians. Noether's theorem automatically implies that the resulting schemes are exactly conservative. Numerical simulations are carried out and show that these invariant variational schemes outperform standard numerical discretizations.
Revisiting economic effectiveness of foreign aid: The case of Japanese aid to China
Authors: Shao Jing , Wang Maojun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOver the years, several studies have assessed whether foreign aid plays an active role in promoting economic growth of the recipient country, but to date, it is still an unresolved question. Based on the case of Japan's aid to China, this paper uses the geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model to evaluate the economic effect of aid, compared with the ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models. The results reveal the following: (1) In the OLS model, Japanese aid to China surprisingly hampered China's economic growth. (2) In the GWR model, the Japanese aid's effectiveness appears a noticeable regional differentiation in line with both the orientation and extent of aid. (3) In the GTWR model, however, the economic effectiveness of aid changes both over time and in space. The spatiotemporal heterogeneous relationship between foreign aid and economic growth in a recipient country challenges the traditional belief that aid either can or cannot promote the recipient country's economic growth. This finding provides a new perception of the economic effectiveness of aid.
Gross, computed tomographic, and endoscopic anatomy of the equine carpal extensor tendon sheaths
Authors: Baldwin Christopher M. , Morgan Rhiannon E. , Crawford Andrew L. , Villarino Nicolas F. , Rubio‐Martínez Luis M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjective(1) To describe the computed tomography (CT) and gross anatomy of the equine extensor carpi radialis sheath (ECRS) and common digital extensor sheath (CDETS); (2) to describe a single‐portal endoscopic examination of the ECRS and CDETS.Study designEx vivo experimental.Sample populationThirty clinically normal cadaver thoracic equine limbs severed at the humeral diaphysis.MethodsTen limbs underwent plain and intrathecal contrast CT examinations and gross dissection of the ECRS and CDETS. Single‐portal endoscopic examination of ECRS and CDETS was attempted in 4 limbs and endoscopic examination was performed on 16 limbs. Endoscopic video recordings were reviewed by 3 observers for quality of visualization before dissection and examination for iatrogenic damage. Interobserver agreement for ECRS and CDETS visualization was determined with Fleiss’κagreement.ResultsExtensor carpi radialis sheath and CDETS anatomy was consistent between gross dissection and CT examinations. The ECRS endoscopic portal was medial at the level of the intersection between the extensor carpi obliquus and extensor carpi radialis tendon. The CDETS endoscopic portal was lateral, 5 cm proximal to the lateral styloid process of the ulna. The ECRS and CDETS were well visualized and interobserver agreement was substantial (κ = .73;P < .0001) and moderate (κ= .53;P < .0001), respectively.ConclusionComputed tomography examinations provided useful anatomical information, consistent with gross dissection of the ECRS and CDETS. The described single‐portal endoscopic techniques allowed consistent tenoscopic examination of the majority of the ECRS and CDETS.Clinical significanceAwareness of the intrathecal anatomy of the ECRS and CDETS should facilitate the treatment of these tendon sheaths. The proposed portals provide good to excellent single‐site endoscopic visualization of the majority of the ECRS and CDETS.
A Statistical Evaluation of Combining Human Productivity Metrics in the Indoor Environment
Authors: Keene Kevin , Jung Wooyoung 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The potential of improving human productivity by providing healthy indoor environments has been a consistent interest in the building field for decades. This research field&#x92;s long-standing challenge is to measure human productivity given the complex nature of office work. Previous studies have diversified productivity metrics, allowing greater flexibility in collecting human data; however, this diversity complicates the ability to combine productivity metrics from disparate studies within a meta-analysis. This study aims to categorize existing productivity metrics and statistically assess which categories show similar behavior when used to measure the impacts of indoor environmental quality. The 106 productivity metrics compiled were grouped into six productivity metric categories: neurobehavioral speed, accuracy, neurobehavioral response time, call handling time, self-reported productivity, and performance score. Then, this study set neurobehavioral speed as the baseline category given its fitness to the efficiency-based definition of productivity (i.e., output versus input) and conducted three statistical analyses with the other categories to evaluate their similarity. As results, the categories of neurobehavioral response time, self-reported productivity, and call handling time were found to have statistical similarity with neurobehavioral speed. This study contributes to creating a constructive research environment for future meta-analyses to understand which human productivity metrics can be combined with each other.
Recurrence Relations and Asymptotics of Colored Jones Polynomials
Authors: Aptekarev A. I. , Dudnikova T. V. , Tulyakov D. N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe consider$$q$$-difference equations for colored Jones polynomials. These sequences of polynomials are invariants for the knots and their asymptotics plays an important role in the famous volume conjecture for the complement of the knot to the$$3$$d sphere. We give an introduction to the theory of hyperbolic volume of the knots complements and study the asymptotics of the solutions of$$q$$-recurrence relations of high order.
Impact of medical therapies for inflammatory bowel disease on the severity of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alrashed Fatema , Battat Robert , Abdullah Israa , Charabaty Aline , Shehab Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundDuring COVID-19 pandemic, the safety of medical therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in relation to COVID-19 has emerged as an area of concern. This study aimed to evaluate the association between IBD therapies and severe COVID-19 outcomes.MethodWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all published studies from December 2019 to August 2021 to identify studies that reported severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients on current IBD therapies including 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), immunomodulators, corticosteroids, biologics, combination therapy, or tofacitinib.ResultsTwenty-two studies were identified. Corticosteroids (risk ratio (RR) 1.91 (95% CI 1.25 to 2.91, p=0.003)) and 5-ASA (RR 1.50 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.93, p=0.001)) were associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with IBD patients. However, possible confounders for 5-ASA use were not controlled for. Sub-analysis showed that corticosteroids increased the risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission but not mortality. Immunomodulators alone (RR 1.18 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.59, p=0.28)) or in combination with anti-TNFs ((RR 0.96 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.15, p=0.63)), tofacitinib (RR 0.81 (95% CI 0.49 to 1.33, p=0.40)) and vedolizumab ((RR 1.02 (95% CI 0.79 to 1.31, p=0.89)) were not associated with severe disease. Anti-TNFs (RR 0.47 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.54, p<0.00001)) and ustekinumab (RR 0.55 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.72, p<0.00001)) were associated with decreased risk of severe COVID-19.ConclusionIn patients with IBD, the risk of severe COVID-19 is higher among patients receiving corticosteroids. Corticosteroid use was associated with ICU admission but not mortality. The risk is also higher among patients receiving 5-ASAs. However, patient-level data were lacking and insufficient data existed for meta-regression analyses to adjust for confounding. Vedolizumab, tofacitinib, and immunomodulators alone or in combination with anti-TNF were not associated with severe disease. Anti-TNFs, and ustekinumab were associated with favourable outcomes.