bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Effectiveness Evaluation of A Two-Handed Technique Combining Harmonic Scalpel and Laparoscopic Peng’s Multifunction Operative Dissector in Laparoscopic Hemihepatectomy
Authors: Cai Jingwei , Jiang Guixing , Liang Yuelong , Xie Yangyang , Zheng Junhao , Liang Xiao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesThis study was designed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a two-hand technique combining harmonic scalpel (HS) and laparoscopic Peng’s multifunction operative dissector (LPMOD) in patients who underwent laparoscopic hemihepatectomy (LHH).MethodsWe designed and conducted a case-control study nested in a prospectively collected laparoscopic liver surgery database. Patients who underwent LHH for liver parenchyma transection using HS + LPMOD were defined as cases (n = 98) and LPMOD only as controls (n = 47) from January, 2016 to May, 2018. Propensity score matching (1:1) between the case and control groups was used in the analyses. ResultsThe case group had significantly less intraoperative blood loss in mL (169.4 ± 133.5 vs. 221.5 ± 176.3, P = 0.03) and shorter operative time in minutes (210.5 ± 56.1 vs. 265.7 ± 67.1, P = 0.02) comparing to the control group. The conversion to laparotomy, postoperative hospital stay, resection margin, the mean peak level of postoperative liver function parameters, bile leakage rate and others were comparable between the two groups. There was no perioperative mortality. ConclusionsWe demonstrated that the two-handed technique combing HS and LPMOD in LHH is safe and effective which is associated with shorter operative time and less intraoperative blood loss compared with LPMOD alone. The technique facilitates laparoscopic liver resection and is recommended for use.
Extraordinary Spin to Orbital Angular Momentum Conversion on Guided Zone Plates
Authors: Acebal Pablo , Carretero Luis , Blaya Salvador 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Focusing systems with high numerical aperture can be used to convert spin angular momentum into orbital angular momentum with efficiencies of 50%, while for low numerical apertures this conversion vanishes. In this paper, based on the properties of binary Fresnel zone plates, we propose a structure that is achieved by making an accurate selection of the width and the depth of the rings. This allows us to obtain a large increase in the spin to orbital angular momentum conversion of the resulting focusing fields, and it also has the special characteristic that the obtained conversion is higher for low numerical aperture structures, where standard focusing systems do not work. The ability of the system to perform this extraordinary conversion is demonstrated by FDTD methods and an analytical model developed using a combination of guided mode theory for the structure and Stratton-Chu diffraction theory.
Intra-fractional dosimetric analysis of image-guided adaptive intracavitary brachytherapy of cervical cancer
Authors: Yan Junfang , Zhu Jiawei , Chen Kai , Yu Lang , Zhang Fuquan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
To assess the intra-fractional dosimetric variations of image-guided adaptive brachytherapy of cervical cancer.
Methods
A total of 38 fractions (9 patients) undergoing brachytherapy for cervical cancer underwent a CT scanning for treatment planning (planning CT) and a CBCT scanning immediately prior to treatment (pre-treatment CBCT). Variations between images acquired within one applicator insertions (intra-application) were evaluated. The DVH parameters including volume, D90 HRCTV and D2cc OARs were recorded.
Results
The variations (mean ± SD) of the volume and D90 HRCTV are − 2.00 ± 3.26% and − 1.18 ± 4.47%, respectively. The variations of D2cc for bladder, rectum, sigmoid and small intestine are − 0.6 ± 17.05%, 9.34 ± 14.59%, 7.15% ± 20.49% and 1.52 ± 12.57%, respectively. Most of them are statistically nonsignificant except the D2cc for rectum, which showed a significant increase (P = 0.001). Using 5% and 10% uncertainty of physical dose for HRCTV at a 6Gy ⋅ 5 HDR schedule, the possibility of total EQD2 dose lower than 85Gy is close to 0% and 3%, respectively. Performing similar simulation at 15% and 20% uncertainty of a 4Gy physical dose for OARs, the possibility of total EQD2 dose exceeding 75Gy is about 70%. Less than 1% of the total EQD2 of OARs would exceed 80Gy.
Conclusions
Average intra-fractional dosimetric variation of HRCTV was small in a interval of less than 1 hour, and the possibility of total EQD2 exceeding 85Gy is higher than 97%. The intra-fractional dosimetric variations of OARs might result in an overdose for OARs in a single fraction or the whole treatment. It is necessary to detect unfavorable anatomical changes by re-imaging and take interventions to minimize applied doses and reduce the risk of complications.
Interface Induced Diffusion; Area Selective Interface Patterning
Authors: Gurbán S , Sulyok A , Menyhárd M , Baradács E , Parditka B , Cserháti C. , Langer G. A , Erdélyi Z 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Interface induced diffusion had been identified in thin film system damaged by electron bombardment. This new phenomenon was observed in Al2O3 (some nm thick) / Si substrate system, which was subjected to low energy (5 keV) electron bombardment producing defects in the Al2O3 layer. The defects produced partially relaxed. The rate of relaxation is, however, different in the surrounding of the interface and in the "bulk" parts of the Al2O3 layer. This difference generates an oxygen concentration gradient and consequently oxygen diffusion, resulting in an altered layer which grows from the Al2O3 / Si substrate interface. The relative rate of the diffusion and relaxation is strongly temperature dependent, resulting in various altered layer compositions, SiO2 (at room temperature), Al2O3 + AlOx+Si (at 500o C), Si(at 700o C), as the temperature during irradiation varies. Utilizing this finding it is possible to make area selective interface patterning.
The adaptive function of sexual reproduction: resampling the pool of genotypic possibilities.
Authors: Hickey Donal , Golding Brian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNatural populations harbor significant levels of genetic variability. Because of this standing genetic variation, the number of possible genotypic combinations is many orders of magnitude greater than the population size. This means that any given population contains only a tiny fraction of all possible genotypic combinations.ResultsWe show that recombination allows a finite population to resample the genotype pool, i.e., the universe of all possible genotypic combinations. Recombination, in combination with natural selection, enables an evolving sexual population to replace existing genotypes with new, higher-fitness genotypic combinations that did not previously exist in the population. Gradually the selected sexual population approaches a state where the optimum genotype is produced by recombination and where it rises to fixation. In contrast to this, an asexual population is limited to selection among existing lower fitness genotypes.ConclusionsThe significance of the result is two-fold. First, it provides an explanation for the ubiquity of sexual reproduction in evolving populations. Secondly, it shows that recombination serves to remove concerns about the cost of natural selection acting on the naturally occurring standing genetic variation. This means that classic population genetics theory is applicable to ecological studies of natural selection acting on standing genetic variation.
An Efficient and High Accuracy P300 Detection for Brain Computer Interface System Based on Kernel Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Hashmi Mohammad Farukh Hashmi Mohammad Farukh , D.Kene Jagdish D.Kene Jagdish , M.Kotambkar Deepali M.Kotambkar Deepali , Matte Praveen Matte Praveen , G.Keskar Avinash G.Keskar Avinash 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Human machine interaction with the use of brain signals has been made possible by the advent of the technology popularly known as brain computer interface (BCI). P300 is one such brain signal which is used in many BCI systems. The problems associated with most of the existing P300 detection methods are that they are time consuming and computationally complex as they follow the procedure of averaging the values obtained from multiple trials. Also the existing single trial methods have been able to obtain only moderate accuracy levels. In this paper, a novel approach which for achieving a high level of accuracy has been proposed for single trial P300 signal detection amidst noise and artifacts. In this method features were obtained by applying Discrete Wavelet Transform followed by a technique making use of the obtained wavelet coefficients. Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) was used for reducing the feature dimension. Classification of the P300 signal using the reduced features was done using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The Dataset used was the Dataset II of the third BCI Competition. An accuracy of 98.53% was achieved for Subject S1 (signal obtained from the first person) and 99.25% for Subject S2 (signal obtained from the second person) by using the proposed method. A high level of accuracy was obtained, as compared to many existing techniques. Also the speed of classification was improved with the use of reduced feature dimensions.
Design, Simulation and Fabrication of an Implanted Antenna at ISM Band in Body Tissue
Authors: Seydi Majedeh , Bayati Mohammad Sajjad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A rectangular meandering-microstrip patch antenna (RM-MPA) with shorting pin for implant antenna and biomedical applications at industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band is proposed. The rectangular patch has length of l =14 mm and width of w =9.4 mm. The substrate and superstrate are made of Rogers 3210 with dielectric constant equals 10.2. The RMMPA is placed between the substrate and superstrate dielectric layers whose same thickness equals 0.635 mm. The proposed antenna is fed by a 50-ohm coaxial probe, at the centre of the length and edge of the width of the patch. The input impedance of patch antenna varies with the patch geometry. Thus, the geometry of the patch changed to achieve impedance matching at ISM band. The rectangular patch divided to three sections along width for meandering. The resonance frequency is tuned by meandering each section. The proposed antenna is simulated in free space and skin phantom. Proposed antenna has efficiency of 90%, bandwidth 1.02%. Both radiation pattern and SAR are evaluated which SAR level is below the safety and satisfies SAR standards. Finally, the antenna is tested in minced meat and tissue liquid.
Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Non-Obese Chinese Population: A Secondary Analysis Based on A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gao Shengqiang , Ramen Kuvaneshan , Yu Shian , Luo Jiansheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to some metabolic disorders. Herein, we explored the relationship of levels of serum uric acid （SUA）with NAFLD in a population of non-obese Chinese. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that involved 183,903 Chinese men and women with an average age of 40.98 years who underwent physical examinations at a health screening center at Wenzhou People’s Hospital. We defined NAFLD by ultrasound detection of steatosis. We employed univariate analysis along with multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses to investigate the relationship of SUA level with NAFLD. Moreover, we employed the receiver operating characteristic curve to establish the SUA cutoffs of estimating NAFLD. Results: Overall, 25,501 participants (13.9%) had NAFLD. The NAFLD ORs were 1.47 (95% CI 1.35 to 1.59), 2.01 (95% CI 1.85 to 2.18) and 2.77 (95% CI 2.55 to 3.02) compared with Q1.AUC values for SUA ratios was 0.728. The optimal SUA level cut-off value for identification of NAFLD was 287.5, with a specificity and a sensitivity of 60.7% and 73.9%, respectively.Conclusion: High Serum uric acid levels shows positive correlation with NAFLD. SUA constitutes a cheap, simple, non-invasive, as well as a beneficial biomarker that could be utilized to forecast NAFLD in the non-obese Chinese population.
Application of beet sugar byproducts improves sugar beet biofortification in saline soils and reduces sugar losses in beet sugar processing
Authors: Alotaibi Fahad , Bamagoos Atif A. , Ismaeil Fekry M. , Zhang Wenying , Abou-Elwafa Salah Fatouh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Improving the chemical and physical properties of saline soils is crucial for the sustainable production of sugar beet and efficient processing of beet sugar. Here, the impacts of the application of treated filter cake on sugar beet biofortification under saline soil and sugar losses into molasses during beet sugar processing were evaluated for the first time.
The application of treated filter cake significantly reduced K%, Na% and α-amino-N while enhanced sucrose content and quality index of beet root juice. Consequently, sugar loss percentage, sugar loss yield and relative sugar loss yield were reduced, whereas recoverable sugar yield was enhanced. Linear regression analysis revealed that quality index and sugar loss yield were increased, whereas sugar loss percentage and relative sugar loss yield were reduced in response to the reduction of soil Na + content accompanied with increasing Ca 2+ content in the soil increased. The results provide treated filter cake as a promising amendment for saline soils remediation for improving biofortification of sugar beet and reducing sugar losses during beet sugar processing.
Temporal variation revealed the composition change of phytoplankton assemblage responds to varied environmental indicators within an artificial freshwater engineered ecosystem
Authors: Xu Duo , Wang Hao , Chen Aiting , Xu Runyu , Niu Yunxia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Artificial freshwater engineering ecosystems (AFwEEs) have attracted more and more attention. Phytoplankton is critical to the fluctuation of water quality in the AFwEEs. However, there is still a major knowledge gap regarding the ecology, composition, and temporal dynamics of phytoplankton assemblage composition in AFwEEs. Hence, an AFwEEs designed base on the submerged macrophytes (i.e., Vallisneria natans, Najas marina, and Potamogeton crispus) and fishes (i.e., Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, and Ctenopharyngodon idellus) was established. The initial purpose for this survey was to conduct almost entire year (April/2019 – December/2019) sampling investigation to explain the interactions and relationship between multifarious environmental indicators and phytoplankton, also for the different phenomenon explanation of composition change in phytoplankton assemblage between AFwEEs and natural water environments. Consequences exhibited the assemblage dynamics of the phytoplankton were significant varied with seasonal succession, in which Cyanophyta dominated the phytoplankton assemblage while the mean relative abundance accounted for 66.4%, and then was Chlorophyta, for 18.8%. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated temporal variation was significant impacted on phytoplankton assemblages. The dominant species, different assemblages, and distribution of phytoplankton were closely related to the dynamic changes of seasonal succession, which might change the composition of phytoplankton assemblage in the FwAEEs. Results of redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed the water temperature, nutrient concentration, DO concentration, and pH value were the main abiotic environmental indicators affecting phytoplankton assemblage. The trend of the four diversity indices indicated the phytoplankton assemblage became more stable in winter while the change extent of that was more significant in summer.
Adipose-derived stem cells combined with platelet-rich plasma enhance wound healing in a rat model of full-thickness skin defects
Authors: Ni Xuejun , Shan Xiuying , Xu Lili , Yu Wenjun , Zhang Mingliang , Lei Chen , Xu Nating , Lin Junyu , Wang Biao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Wound healing is impaired in patients with diabetes due to the multifactorial etiology of the disease, which limits the therapeutic efficacy of various approaches. This study hypothesizes that the combination of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) might achieve optimally efficient diabetic wound healing.Methods: ADSCs were isolated from the adipose tissues of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. PRP was prepared by using a two-step centrifugation technique. A diabetic wound model was established on the backs of SD rats to evaluate the effect of ADSCs incorporated into PRP. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were performed to observe the changes in neovascularization. ELISA and Western blot were utilized to detect the angiogenesis-related protein expression levels. The proliferation of endothelial cells was assessed by the MTS assay.Results: ADSCs incorporated into PRP induced a higher wound closure rate than ADSCs, PRP and negative control. The expression levels of VEGF, p-STAT3 and SDF-1 in the ADSC-PRP group were higher than those in the other groups. Moreover, the proliferation of endothelial cells was strongly stimulated by treatment with the combination of ADSC-conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) and PRP.Conclusions: PRP enhanced diabetic wound healing induced by ADSCs, and its promoting effect involved neovascularization.
Transcapillary escape rate of 125I-albumin in relation to timing of blood sampling: the need for standardization.
Authors: Chahid Youssef , Rorije Nienke , Boujoufi Soufian el , Mathôt Ron , Vogt Liffert , Verberne Hein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Increased vascular permeability is an early sign of vascular damage and can be measured with the transcapillary escape rate of albumin (TERalb). Although TERalb has a multi-exponential kinetic model, most published TERalb data are based on mono-exponential kinetic models with variation in blood sampling schemes. Aim of this posthoc study was to evaluate the influence of variation in blood sampling schemes and the impact of mono- or bi-exponential analyses on the calculation of TERalb. Study participants were part of a cross-over intervention study protocol, investigating effects of sodium loading on blood pressure, endothelial surface layer and microcirculation. Multiple blood samples were drawn between 3 and 60 minutes after injection of radioactive iodide labeled human serum albumin (rHSA). Results In total 27 male participants with 54 measurements were included. For all participants the maximum serum radioactivity was reached within 20 minutes, while 85% of the participants had their maximum serum activity within 10 min. The TERalb calculated with the subsequently chosen T20 – 60 min reference scheme (6.19 ± 0.49%/h) was significantly lower compared to the TERalb of the T3 – 60 min, T5 – 60 min, and Tmax – 60 min schemes. There was no significant difference between the T20 – 60 min reference scheme and the T10 – 60 min and T15 – 60 min schemes. Bi-exponential kinetic modeling did not result in significant different observations compared to the mono-exponential kinetic analysis.Conclusions As there is variation in the timing of the maximum serum radioactivity of rHSA, blood sampling schemes starting before 10 minutes after administration of rHSA will result in a significant overestimation of TERalb. In addition, variation in kinetic modeling did not result in significant changes in TERalb. Therefore, we emphasize the need to standardize TERalb and for practical and logistical reasons advocate the use of a mono-exponential model with blood sampling starting 20 minutes after rHSA administration.
ASUPAN ZINK DAN TINGKAT KECERDASAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI KOTA KUPANG, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Sanjiwani Putu Amrytha , Shinta Dewi , Fahmida Umi 
Published: February 2021

Latar Belakang. Permasalahan gizi merupakan permasalahan serius yang dapat berdampak pada perkembangan kognitif dan motorik, serta prestasi akademik terutama pada usia sekolah. Kognitif merupakan interaksi antara faktor bawaan dan faktor lingkungan. Zink merupakan salah satu mineral mikro yang berkontribusi terhadap fungsi kecerdasan. Kekurangan zink akan berdampak pada perkembangan kecerdasan melalui perubahan perhatian, aktivitas, perilaku neuropsikologikal, dan perkembangan motorik. Tujuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara asupan zink dengan tingkat kecerdasan anak sekolah dasar di Kota Kupang. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada anak di 12 sekolah dasar di 6 kecamatan se-Kota Kupang. Data tingkat kecerdasan anak dikumpulkan oleh 3 orang psikolog dengan menggunakan metode Wechsler Intellegence Scale for Children: Second Edition (WISC-II). Data asupan zink dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan oleh enumerator dengan metode food recall 24 jam selama 3 hari yang meliputi hari sekolah dan hari libur. Tes distribusi normal dilakukan untuk variabel kontinyu menggunakan Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Uji korelasi untuk melihat hubungan antara asupan zink dengan tingkat kecerdasan menggunakan uji Spearman. Hasil. Proporsi kurus dalam penelitian ini adalah 23,9 persen dan asupan rata-rata zink adalah 3,79 mg/hari dan masih belum mencukupi kebutuhan yang dianjurkan. Hasil uji Spearman Rho ditemukan adanya korelasi positif yang signifikan antara asupan zink dengan tingkat kecerdasan anak (r=0,17; p=0,006). Pada hasil uji regresi linier ditemukan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan skor kecerdasan adalah jenis kelamin (p=0,016), dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan zink dengan kecerdasan anak. Penelitian ini menemukan anak perempuan memiliki tingkat kecerdasan 4 poin lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak laki-laki. Kesimpulan. Asupan zink dari makanan tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat kecerdasan anak, tetapi jenis kelamin merupakan faktor dominan tingkat kecerdasan anak.
Fundamental Analysis and Mean-Variance Optimal Portfolios
Authors: Lyle Matthew R , Yohn Teri Lombardi 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
We integrate fundamental analysis with mean-variance portfolio optimization to form fully optimized fundamental portfolios. We find that fully optimized fundamental portfolios produce large out-of-sample factor alphas with high Sharpe ratios. They substantially outperform equal-weighted and value-weighted portfolios of stocks in the extreme decile of expected returns, an approach commonly used in fundamental analysis research. They also outperform the factor-based and parametric portfolio policy approaches used in the prior portfolio optimization literature. The relative performance gains from mean-variance optimized fundamental portfolios are persistent through time, robust to eliminating small capitalization firms from the investment set, and robust to incorporating estimated transactions costs. Our results suggest that future fundamental analysis research could implement this portfolio optimization approach to provide greater investment insights.
JEL Classifications: G12; G14; G17.