bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus Murinus Alleviates Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Promoting the Release of Interleukin-10 From M2 Macrophages via Toll-like Receptor 2 Signaling
Authors: Hu Jingjuan , Deng Fan , Zhao Bingcheng , Yang Xiao , Lin Zebin , Sun Qishun , Wu Mei , Qiu Shida , Zhao Jin , Yan Zhengzheng , Liu Weifeng , Li Cai , Liu Ke-Xuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIntestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has high morbidity and mortality. Gut microbiota is one of the potential key factors affecting intestinal I/R injury. Different populations exhibit different sensitivities to intestinal I/R injury, but whether this is related to differences in gut microbiota is unclear. Here, to elucidate the interaction between the gut microbiome and intestinal I/R injury, we conducted 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation experiment in an I/R mouse model. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-deficient mice, interleukin-10 (IL-10)-deficient mice as well as the transwell co-culture system of small intestine organoids and macrophages were used to explore the potential mechanism of bacteria attenuating intestinal I/R injury.ResultsThe intestinal I/R-sensitive (Sen) and resistant (Res) mice were first defined according to different survival outcomes of mice suffering from intestinal I/R. Fecal microbiota composition and diversity prior to intestinal ischemia were different between in Sen and Res mice. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus murinus (L. murinus) at the species level was higher in Res mice than in Sen mice, and the fold change was the largest. Clinically, the abundance of L. murinus in preoperative feces of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery was closely related to the degree of intestinal I/R injury after surgery. Treatment with L. murinus significantly prevented from intestinal I/R-induced intestinal injury and improved the survival of mice, which depends on the participation of macrophages. Further, in vivo and vitro experiments indicated that L. murinus promoted the release of IL-10 from M2 macrophages via activating TLR2 signaling to alleviate intestinal I/R injury. ConclusionGut microbiome is involved in the postoperative outcome of intestinal I/R. L. murinus promotes the release of IL-10 from M2 macrophages through TLR2 signaling to alleviate intestinal I/R injury, revealing a novel mechanism of intestinal I/R injury and new therapeutic strategy for clinical practice.
Research and Application of Image Recognition of&nbsp;Substation Inspection Robots&nbsp;based on Edge Computing and Incremental Learning
Authors: Liu Xiao , Dong Bangzhou , Li Peiqi , Yuan Bin , Wang Kesheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The large scale of the power grid and its high voltage make the fault detection have not only heavy workload but also high risks. This paper briefly introduced the inspection robot system, edge computing technology, and support vector machine (SVM)-based image recognition algorithm. To enable the inspection robot system to actively adjust the algorithm parameters and maintain the accuracy of the algorithm, the SVM algorithm was improved by the incremental learning technology. Then, the non-improved and improved SVM algorithms were simulated in MATLAB software. A one-month experiment was carried out in a substation. The results showed that the improved SVM algorithm trained faster and had a high accuracy in the face of new samples. The substation experiment verified that the inspection robot system maintained the infrared image recognition accuracy of the faulty equipment for a long time after the application of the improved SVM algorithm, and the system had a smaller delay in transmitting command information after the application of edge computing.
Using Median Survival in Meta-analysis of Experimental Time-to-event Data
Authors: Hirst Theodore C , Sena Emily S. , Macleod Malcolm R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Time-to-event data is frequently reported in both clinical and preclinical research spheres. Systematic review and meta-analysis is a tool that can help to identify pitfalls in preclinical research conduct and reporting that can help to improve translational efficacy. However, pooling of studies using hazard ratios (HR) is cumbersome especially in preclinical meta-analyses including large numbers of small studies. Median survival is a much simpler metric although because of some limitations, which may not apply to preclinical data, it is generally not used in survival meta-analysis. We aimed to appraise its performance when compared with hazard ratio-based meta-analysis when pooling large numbers of small, imprecise studies.Methods: We simulated a survival dataset with features representative of a typical preclinical survival meta-analysis, including with influence of a treatment and a number of covariates. We calculated individual patient data-based hazard ratios and median survival ratios (MSR), comparing the summary statistics directly and their performance at Random-effects meta-analysis. Finally, we compared their sensitivity to detect associations between treatment and influential covariates at meta-regression.Results: There was in imperfect correlation between MSR and HR, although opposing direction of treatment effects between summary statistics appeared not to be a major issue. Precision was more conservative for HR than MSR, meaning that estimates of heterogeneity were lower. There was a slight sensitivity advantage for MSR at meta-analysis and meta-regression, although power was low in all circumstances.Conclusions: MSR appears to be a valid summary statistic for use in meta-analysis of small, imprecise experimental studies. It is computationally more straightforward and quicker to approximate than HR. While assessment of study precision and therefore weighting is less reliable, MSR appears to perform favourably during meta-analysis. Sensitivity of meta-regression was low for this set of parameters, so pooling of treatments to increase sample size may be required to ensure confidence in preclinical survival meta-regressions.
The Effects of Asthma on the Stress Oxidative, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction Characteristics in Children with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Shabestari Ali Arjmand , Mohaghegh Pegah , kiyanrad Habibeh , imanparast fatemeh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary vascular endothelial activation, inflammation, and stress oxidative have been implicated in adverse clinical outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Although chronic lung problems such as asthma may affect the consequences of pneumonia, the exact mechanism of this effect remains unclear. The present study aimed to assess the effects of asthma on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in children pneumonia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at Amir Kabir Hospital affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Participants were 25 children with severe CAP and asthma (group I), 25 children with severe CAP (group II), and 25 healthy children (group III) with 2 to 6 years of age. Fasting blood samples were taken to the assay of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1).Results: We observed a significant reduction in TAC in groups I and II (0.997±0.22 and 1.23±0.21 mmol/l, respectively) compared with group III (1.46±0.19 mmol/l). This reduction was significantly higher in group I than in group II. Also, we observed a significant increase in MDA and TNF-α in groups I (2.57±0.40 µmol/l, 6.94±1.61 pg/ml, respectively) and II (6.94±1.61µmol/l, 5.54±1.84 pg/ml, respectively) compared with group III (1.89 ±0.27µmol/l, 3.42±1.32 pg/ml, respectively). The increase in MDA was significantly higher in group I than in group II. VCAM-1 and PAI-1 as endothelial dysfunction biomarkers increased significantly in group I (1.5 ±0.62 mmol/l and 10.52±3.2 AU/ml, respectively) compared with groups II (1.06±0.53 mmol/l and 8.23±3.4 AU/ml, respectively) and III (0.6± 0.35 mmol/l and 2.39 ± 0.83 AU/ml, respectively). Also, VCAM-1 and PAI-1 increased significantly in group II compared with groups III.Conclusions: Asthma can exacerbate the consequences of pneumonia in children by increasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
Growth Differences of Growth Hormone Transgenic Female and Male Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus, Grown in Earthen Ponds to Sexual Maturation
Authors: Abass Nermeen Y. , Su Baofeng , Alsaqufi Ahmed , Elaswad Ahmed , Qin Zhenkui , Li Hanbo , Odin Ramjie , Ye Zhi , Dunham Rex A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Assessing Ecological Literacy and Its Application Based on Linguistic Ecology: a Case Study of Guiyang City, China
Authors: Ha Changchen , Huang Guowen , Zhang Jiaen , Dong Shumin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To address the frequent emergence of ecological problems, ecology has intersected with various disciplines. From the perspective of linguistic ecology, ecological literacy is an important concept that combines the two subjects. It not only discusses ecological issues, but also establishes a linguistic framework. Here, we constructed a quantitative method of assessing ecological literacy from the perspective of linguistic ecology. Ecological literacy was divided into five parts: ecological knowledge literacy, ecological awareness literacy, ecological ethics literacy, ecological emotional literacy, and ecological behavioral literacy. Each of these was set with four quantitative indicators that were evaluated through eight questions. A case study was conducted to investigate the ecological literacy of the inhabitants of Guiyang City, one of China’s top ten ecologically advanced cities. The results showed that the proposed assessment method was an effective way to evaluate the level of ecological literacy comprehensively. In the case analysis, the levels of the five specific dimensions of Guiyang inhabitants in descending order were as follows: ecological ethics literacy, ecological emotional literacy, ecological awareness literacy, ecological knowledge literacy, and ecological behavioral literacy. The results of this study are conducive to the production of targeted ways to improve the level of ecological literacy for sustainable development.
Antixenosis in Glycine max (L.) Merr against Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)
Authors: Stec Katarzyna , Kordan Bożena , Sergiel Iwona , Biesaga Magdalena , Gasik Joanna , Bocianowski Jan , Gabryś Beata 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To reveal the antixenosis potential against the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) we analyzed the pea aphid survival and probing behavior, and the quantitative and qualitative variation of flavonoids in the leaves of selected soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr (Fabaceae) cultivars ‘Aldana’, ‘Annushka’, ‘Augusta’, ‘Madlen’, ‘Mavka’, ‘Simona’, ‘Violetta’, and ‘Viorica’. Aphid survival was drastically impeded on all cultivars. The electronic monitoring of aphid probing using the Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) technique revealed that on all soybean cultivars, A. pisum readily probed into leaf tissues but the probes were usually terminated before reaching vascular tissues, which demonstrates the activity of antixenosis mechanisms in peripheral tissues epidermis and/or mesophyll in soybean leaves. The potency of antixenosis factors differed among soybean cultivars, which was reflected in differences in aphid survival and frequency and duration of phloem sap ingestion. Seven flavonoids were found: apigenin, daidzein, genistein, glycitein, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and rutin, which occurred in different amount and proportion in individual cultivars. The content of apigenin and genistein in all soybean cultivars studied probably made them relatively unacceptable to A. pisum. Kaempferol in ‘Aldana’ might be responsible for the observed strong antixenosis resistance of this cultivar to A. pisum.
Collateral circulation is a predictor for in-stent restenosis after cerebral anterior circulation large artery stenting
Authors: Liu Luji , Su Xudong , Li Zhongzhong , Bu Kailin , Yuan Si , Wang Qisong , Aime Ndoumou Justin , Liu Zengpin , Zhou Cunhe , Yu Jianghua , Tan Guojun , Guo Li , Liu Xiaoyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background-

In-stent restenosis (ISR) is a critical issue of endovascular therapy. The predictors for ISR are not fully explored. We aimed to investigate the predictors for ISR, especially the effect of collateral circulation on ISR after cerebral large artery stenting.
Methods-

From June, 2015 to June, 2018, a total of 312 patients, who performed stenting, with severe cerebral anterior circulation stenosis (≥ 70%), were enrolled. According to the flow velocity indicated by carotid artery ultrasound or Transcranial Doppler, the patients were divided into the ISR and no-ISR groups. Clinical data were collected, including age, sex, cerebrovascular risk factors, preoperative serum lipid, inflammatory markers, and platelet count, stent site, residual stenosis rate, drug therapy after stenting. The collateral circulation was graded according to digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the potential risk factors related to restenosis in such patients.
Results-

Higher residual stenosis rate (median 11% vs 10%, p = 0.040), fewer patients received standard drug therapy ( 73.3% vs 89.4%, p = 0.001), more patients with poor collateral circulation (70.0% vs 41.0%, p = 0.007) were found in ISR group. Residual stenosis rate increased by 10% was associated with a 19.1% increase in restenosis risk. Good collateral circulation (OR 0.16, [95%CI, 0.04–0.49]; p = 0.002) and receiving standard drug therapy (OR 0.14, [95%CI, 0.05–0.58]; p = 0.002) were significantly related to the lower risk of ISR.
Conclusion-

Collateral circulation is an independent factor related with ISR after successful cerebral anterior circulation large artery stenting, and long-term standard drug therapy after stenting should be strictly carried out in such patients.
Population-Based Analysis of Nonoperative Management and Treatment Patterns in Older Women with Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Tejera David , Rana Mariam , Basik Mark , Boileau Jean Francois , Margolese Richard , Prakash Ipshita , Meguerditchian Ari N. , Muanza Thierry , Monette Johanne , Wong Stephanie M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To examine the proportion of older women with ER+HER2- breast cancer receiving non-operative management versus surgery, and to evaluate the use of axillary staging and adjuvant radiation in this population.Methods: We queried the SEER database to identify all women aged 70 years or older with stage I-III ER+HER2- invasive breast cancer diagnosed between 2010-2016. We evaluated trends in non-operative management, breast surgery, axillary staging, and adjuvant radiation according to age at diagnosis.Results: We identified 57,351 older women with ER+HER2- disease. Overall, 3538 (6.2%) of the cohort underwent non-operative management, 38,452 (67.0%) underwent breast conserving surgery (BCS), and 15,361 (26.8%) underwent mastectomy. The proportion of patients undergoing non-operative management increased from 2.8% amongst 70-74 year old women to 30.1% in those ³90 years old (p<0.001). In 53,813 women who underwent surgery, 36,850 (68.5%) underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, while 10,861 (20.2%) underwent axillary lymph node dissection. Subgroup analysis of 29,032 older women undergoing BCS for stage I ER+HER2- breast cancer revealed a 14.2% rate of omission of axillary staging, increasing from 5.3% in those 70-74 years to 67.6% in those ³90 years old (p<0.001). Receipt of adjuvant radiation occurred in 63.3% of older women following BCS and 18% post-mastectomy, with similar trends towards omission in older age groups.Conclusion: Primary breast surgery remains the dominant management strategy for the majority of older women with ER+HER2- breast cancer. Omission of axillary staging and adjuvant radiation are used in a minority of eligible women undergoing breast conservation for early-stage disease.
Minimally Invasive Open Reduction by a Modified Suture Bridge with Anchors for Avulsion-type Greater Tuberosity Fracture of the Humerus
Authors: Kong Lingpeng , Yang Juanjuan , Yang Yongliang , Wang Fu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aims to describe a new procedure of minimally invasive open reduction by a modified suture bridge with anchors for avulsion-type greater tuberosity fracture of the humerus and to evaluate its clinical effectiveness.Methods: From January 2015 to January 2018, 16 patients who were diagnosed with an avulsion-type greater tuberosity fracture of the proximal humerus and treated with minimally invasive open reduction by modified suture bridges with anchors were retrospectively studied. Endpoints were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively and included the visual analog scale (VAS), the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulders score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES), and the range of motion (ROM) for shoulders.Results: There were 7 males and 9 females with an average age of 44.94 years. Six fractures involved the left shoulder, and 10 involved the right shoulder. The time between injury and operation ranged from 1 to 5 days, with an average of 2.32 days. The average length of stay was 6.5 ± 0.85 days; the mean operation time was 103.1 ± 7.23 minutes; and the mean amount of operative blood loss was 51.88 ± 6.40 ml. All patients achieved bone union within 3 months after surgery. The VAS score significantly decreased at 3 weeks postoperatively (p = 0.002), as did the average degree of forward elevation (p = 0.047). The mean degree of abduction increased at 6 weeks after the operation (p = 0.035), and the average degree of external rotation and internal rotation improved at 3 months postoperatively (p = 0.012; p = 0.007). The ASES score and the UCLA score improved at the 6-week follow-up (p = 0.092; p = 0.029). No procedure-related death or incision-related superficial or deep tissue infection was identified in any case. No iatrogenic neurovascular injuries or fractures were found in this study.Conclusion: The fracture block was fixed firmly by minimally invasive open reduction with a modified suture bridge with anchors. Patients were allowed to move their shoulder early after surgery and recovered quickly. It is an efficient method for the treatment of avulsion-type greater tuberosity fractures of the humerus.
Single-cell evaluation reveals shifts in the tumor-immune niches that shape and maintain aggressive lesions in the breast
Authors: Sinha Vidya C. , Rinkenbaugh Amanda L. , Xu Mingchu , Zhou Xinhui , Zhang Xiaomei , Jeter-Jones Sabrina , Shao Jiansu , Qi Yuan , Zebala John A. , Maeda Dean Y. , McAllister Florencia , Piwnica-Worms Helen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is an unmet clinical need for stratification of breast lesions as indolent or aggressive to tailor treatment. Here, single-cell transcriptomics and multiparametric imaging applied to a mouse model of breast cancer revealed that the aggressive tumor niche is characterized by an expanded basal-like population, specialization of tumor subpopulations, and mixed-lineage tumor cells potentially serving as a transition state between luminal and basal phenotypes. Despite vast tumor cell-intrinsic differences, aggressive and indolent tumor cells were functionally indistinguishable once isolated from their local niche, suggesting a role for non-tumor collaborators in determining aggressiveness. Aggressive lesions harbored fewer total but more suppressed-like T cells, and elevated tumor-promoting neutrophils and IL-17 signaling, disruption of which increased tumor latency and reduced the number of aggressive lesions. Our study provides insight into tumor-immune features distinguishing indolent from aggressive lesions, identifies heterogeneous populations comprising these lesions, and supports a role for IL-17 signaling in aggressive progression.
Therapeutic Benefits of Recombinant Alpha1-Antitrypsin IgG1 Fc-Fusion Protein in Experimental Emphysema
Authors: Takeda Katsuyuki , Kim Soo-hyun , Joetham Anthony , Petrache Irina , Gelfand Erwin W. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAlpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a major serine protease inhibitor. AAT deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disorder characterized by early-onset severe emphysema. In well-selected AATD patients, therapy with plasma-derived AAT (pAAT), “augmentation therapy”, provides modest clinical improvement but is perceived as cumbersome with weekly intravenous infusions. Using mouse models of emphysema, we compared the effects of a recombinant AAT-IgG1 Fc-fusion protein (AAT-Fc), which is expected to have a longer half-life following infusion, to those of pAAT. MethodsIn an elastase model of emphysema, mice received a single intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) or human leucocyte elastase (hLE). AAT-Fc, pAAT, or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally 1 day prior to or 3 weeks following elastase instillation. Lung function and histology assessments were performed at 7 and 32 days after elastase instillation. In a cigarette smoke (CS) model of emphysema, mice were exposed to CS daily, 5 days a week, for 6 months and AAT-Fc, pAAT, or vehicle were administered every 10 days during the last 3 months of CS exposure. Assessments were performed 3 days after the last CS exposure. Immune responses to lung elastin peptide (EP) and the effects of AAT-Fc or pAAT treatment on dendritic cell (DC) function were determined ex vivo . ResultsBoth elastase instillation and CS exposure triggered emphysema-like alveolar enlargement, increased lung compliance, and increased markers of inflammation compared to controls. Administration of AAT-Fc either prior to or following elastase instillation or during CS exposure provided greater protection than pAAT against alveolar enlargement, lung dysfunction, and airway inflammation. When challenged ex vivo with EP, spleen mononuclear cells from elastase-exposed mice exhibited dose-dependent production of IFNg and IL-17, suggesting immune reactivity. In co-culture experiments with splenic CD4 + T cells isolated from elastase-exposed mice, AAT-Fc treatment prior to EP-priming of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells inhibited the production of IFNg and IL-17. ConclusionsCompared to pAAT, AAT-Fc more effectively prevented or attenuated elastase- and CS-induced models of emphysema. These effects were associated with immunomodulatory effects on DC activity. AAT-Fc may provide a therapeutic option to individuals with AATD- and CS-induced emphysema.
Computational Polarization 3D: new solution for monocular 3D imaging approach in natural conditions
Authors: Liu Fei , Cai Yudong , Han Pingli , Li Xuan , Liang Rongguang , Yan Mingyu , Shao Xiaopeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Analyzing the polarimetric properties of the reflected light is a simple, fast, and low-cost approach to recover shape information, but no reported method can accurately recover surface shape from non-Lambertian object in natural conditions with a single view. Another major issue is the lack of effective method to address azimuth ambiguity during the surface reconstruction. To address these two major obstacles, we propose a monocular 3D polarization imaging approach for non-Lambertian surfaces by investigating the subtle difference in specular and diffuse reflection and then separating them using independent component analysis (ICA). Separated pure diffuse reflection enables accurate polarization extraction, based on which a gradient field is derived to determine surface normals. The ambiguity is removed by solving an optimization problem with a reference gradient field. We experimentally demonstrate the performance of the proposed method with man-made object under the controlled illumination and human face under natural illumination.