bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Sports-Related Eye Injuries Among Athletes in Tianjin, China
Authors: Zhang Jingkai , Zhu Xinlei , Sun Zhiyong , Wang Jiaxing , Sun Zhuoyu , Li Jianan , Huang Yunli , Wang Tian , Xie Ruotian , Han Han , Zhao Xiao , Song Yinting , Guo Miao , Yang Tiantian , Zhang Haokun , He Kai , Li Yiming , Lei Yi , Zhu Yanfang , Cui Bohao , Miao Yuyang , Huang Bo , Brant Rodrigo , Yan Hua 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To investigate the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of sports-related eye injuries among athletes in Tianjin, China.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2018 to October 2018. In this study, the athletes from Tianjin University of Sports, Tianjin Vocational College of Sports, and Tianjin provincial sports teams were selected for general investigation. In total, 1,673 athletes were invited and 1,413 participated in the study (response rate of 84.5%).Results: In total, 1,413 athletes were enrolled; 151 had suffered from sports-related eye injuries, with an incidence of 10.7% (95% CI: 9.1–12.0%). Handball (38.5%) was the sport with the highest incidence of eye injuries, followed by water polo (36.4%) and diving (26.7%). Overall, 42.4% of the athletes were injured by ball and 22.5% of injuries came from teammates. The eye injuries usually occurred during training (64.2%) and competitions (14.6%). Adnexa wound (51.7%) was the most common type of injury. About 11.9% of the athletes with eye injuries had the impaired vision; 66.7% failed to see doctors on time. The athletes &lt;18 years of age had a higher risk of eye injuries (odds ratio [OR] =1.60, 95% CI: 1.06–2.40). The athletes with lower family income (&lt;1,000 RMB) were at risk population for sports-related eye injuries (OR = 3.91, 95% CI: 2.24–6.82). Training &gt;4 h a day increased the risk of eye injuries (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.42–3.43).Conclusion: The incidence of sports-related eye injuries among athletes was 10.7% in Tianjin, China. Handball, water polo, and diving were the most common activities of injury. Age, family income, and training time were the risk factors for sports-related eye injuries.
Vascular Abnormalities in Peripapillary and Macular Regions of Behcet's Uveitis Patients Evaluated by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Yan Chun , Li Fan , Hou Min , Ye Xiaoyuan , Su Lishi , Hu Yixin , Luo Jiawen , Chi Wei 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To investigate the involvement of peripapillary zone vascular abnormalities in Behcet's uveitis (BU) and associated visual dysfunction. We evaluated the retinal and choroidal microvascular features in both macular and peripapillary areas of BU patients to identify vascular abnormalities contributing to reduced best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in 24 eyes of 13 patients with BU and 24 eyes of 15 healthy participants as controls. They received a standard eye examination and were recorded by OCTA measurements of macular and peripapillary areas. The vascular densities of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), choroidal flow area, radial peripapillary capillary network (RPCN) density, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and perimeter, full retinal thickness (FRT), and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFLT) were measured.Correlations among microvascular, structural, and functional changes were assessed.Results: Our findings uncovered that the vascular density was significantly reduced in the peripapillary zone of BU eyes compared to healthy eyes, especially in the inferior subfield of the RPCN. The vascular densities of SCP and DCP quadrants within the macular zone had no significant difference between BU and control groups except for DCP density of the nasal parafoveal quadrant. Both FAZ area and perimeter were greater but without statistical significance in the BU group. Compared to healthy eyes, the choriocapillaris flow area was smaller while the FRT and pRNFLT were greater in the BU group. Notably, there was a significant correlation between the reduction in RPCN vascular density and decreased BCVA in BU patients.Conclusion: Based on OCTA, vascular changes associated with BU are more prominent in the peripapillary zone than those in the macular zone. The vascular density of the RPCN could serve as a sensitive indicator to monitoring BU pathogenic progression and treatment response using a non-invasively method of OCTA.
Elaboration of a Radiomics Strategy for the Prediction of the Re-positive Cases in the Discharged Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Wang Xiao-Hui , Xu Xiaopan , Ao Zhi , Duan Jun , Han Xiaoli , Tang Xing , Fu Yu-Fei , Wu Xu-Sha , Wang Xue , Zhu Linxiao , Zeng Wenbing , Guo Shuliang 
Published: September 2021

Objective: A considerable part of COVID-19 patients were found to be re-positive in the SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test after discharge. Early prediction of re-positive COVID-19 cases is of critical importance in determining the isolation period and developing clinical protocols.Materials and Methods: Ninety-one patients discharged from Wanzhou Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China, from February 10, 2020 to March 3, 2020 were administered nasopharyngeal swab SARS-CoV-2 tests within 12–14 days, and 50 eligible patients (32 male and 18 female) with completed data were enrolled. Average age was 48 ± 11.5 years. All patients underwent non-enhanced chest CT on admission. A total of 568 radiomics features were extracted from the CT images, and 17 clinical factors were collected based on the medical record. Student's t-test and support vector machine–based recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) method were used to determine an optimal subset of features for the discriminative model development.Results: After Student's t-test, 62 radiomics features showed significant inter-group differences (p &lt; 0.05) between the re-positive and negative cases, and none of the clinical features showed significant differences. These significant features were further selected by SVM-RFE algorithm, and a more compact feature subset containing only two radiomics features was finally determined, achieving the best predictive performance with the accuracy and area under the curve of 72.6% and 0.773 for the identification of the re-positive case.Conclusion: The proposed radiomics method has preliminarily shown potential in identifying the re-positive cases among the recovered COVID-19 patients after discharge. More strategies are to be integrated into the current pipeline to improve its precision, and a larger database with multi-clinical enrollment is required to extensively verify its performance.
Performance Evaluation of the Gradient Diffusion Strip Method and Disk Diffusion Method for Ceftazidime–Avibactam Against Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Dual-Center Study
Authors: Zhang Jingjia , Li Gang , Zhang Ge , Kang Wei , Duan Simeng , Wang Tong , Li Jin , Huangfu Zhiru , Yang Qiwen , Xu Yingchun , Jia Wei , Sun Hongli 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Ceftazidime–avibactam is a novel synthetic beta-lactam + beta-lactamase inhibitor combination. We evaluated the performance of the gradient diffusion strip method and the disk diffusion method for the determination of ceftazidime–avibactam against Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 302 clinical Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from two centers were conducted by broth microdilution (BMD), gradient diffusion strip method, and disk diffusion method for ceftazidime–avibactam. Using BMD as a gold standard, essential agreement (EA), categorical agreement (CA), major error (ME), and very major error (VME) were determined according to CLSI guidelines. CA and EA rate &gt; 90%, ME rate &lt; 3%, and VME rate &lt; 1.5% were considered as acceptable criteria. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were performed to determine the carbapenem resistance genes of all 302 isolates.Results: A total of 302 strains were enrolled, among which 182 strains were from center 1 and 120 strains were from center 2. A percentage of 18.21% (55/302) of the enrolled isolates were resistant to ceftazidime–avibactam. The CA rates of the gradient diffusion strip method for Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa were 100% and 98.65% (73/74), respectively, and the EA rates were 97.37% (222/228) and 98.65% (73/74), respectively. The CA rates of the disk diffusion method for Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa were 100% and 95.95% (71/74), respectively. No VMEs were found by using the gradient diffusion strip method, while the ME rate was 0.40% (1/247). No MEs were found by using the disk diffusion method, but the VME rate was 5.45% (3/55). Therefore, all the parameters of the gradient diffusion strip method were in line with acceptable criteria. For 31 blaKPC, 33 blaNDM, 7 blaIMP, and 2 blaVIM positive isolates, both CA and EA rates were 100%; no MEs or VMEs were detected by either method. For 15 carbapenemase-non-producing resistant isolates, the CA and EA rates of the gradient diffusion strips method were 100%. Whereas the CA rate of the disk diffusion method was 80.00% (12/15), the VME rate was 20.00% (3/15).Conclusion: The gradient diffusion strip method can meet the needs of clinical microbiological laboratories for testing the susceptibility of ceftazidime–avibactam drugs. However, the VME rate &gt; 1.5% (5.45%) by the disk diffusion method. By comparison, the performance of the gradient diffusion strip method was better than that of the disk diffusion method.
Gout Is Not Just Arthritis: Abnormal Cortical Thickness and Structural Covariance Networks in Gout
Authors: Yang Yifan , Cheng Yuqi , Wang Xiangyu , Upreti Bibhuti , Cui Ruomei , Liu Shuang , Shan Baoci , Yu Hongjun , Luo Chunrong , Xu Jian 
Published: September 2021

Background: Hyperuricemia is the cause of gout. The antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of uric acid seem to benefit some patients with central nervous system injury. However, changes in the brain structure have not been discovered in patients with gout.Object: Clarify the changes in cortical thickness in patients with gout and the alteration of the structural covariance networks (SCNs) based on cortical thickness.Methods: We collected structural MRIs of 23 male gout patients and 23 age-matched healthy controls. After calculating and comparing the difference in cortical thickness between the two groups, we constructed and analyzed the cortical thickness covariance networks of the two groups, and we investigated for any changes in SCNs of gout patients.Results: Gout patients have thicker cortices in the left postcentral, left supramarginal, right medial temporal, and right medial orbitofrontal regions; and thinner cortices were found in the left insula, left superior frontal, right pericalcarine, and right precentral regions. In SCN analysis, between-group differences in global network measures showed that gout patients have a higher global efficiency. In regional network measures, more nodes in gout patients have increased centrality. In network hub analysis, we found that the transfer of the core hub area, rather than the change in number, may be the characteristic of the gout's cortical thickness covariance network.Conclusion: This is the first study on changes in brain cortical thickness and SCN based on graph theory in patients with gout. The present study found that, compared with healthy controls, gout patients show regional cortical thinning or thickening, and variation in the properties of the cortical thickness covariance network also changed. These alterations may be the combined effect of disease damage and physiological compensation. More research is needed to fully understand the complex underlying mechanisms of gout brain variation.
Frequent, Short Physical Activity Breaks Reduce Prefrontal Cortex Activation but Preserve Working Memory in Middle-Aged Adults: ABBaH Study
Authors: Heiland Emerald G. , Tarassova Olga , Fernström Maria , English Coralie , Ekblom Örjan , Ekblom Maria M. 
Published: September 2021

Prolonged sitting is increasingly common and may possibly be unfavorable for cognitive function and mood. In this randomized crossover study, the effects of frequent, short physical activity breaks during prolonged sitting on cognitive task-related activation of the prefrontal cortex were investigated. The effects on working memory, psychological factors, and blood glucose were also examined, and whether arterial stiffness moderated prefrontal cortex activation. Thirteen subjects (mean age 50.5 years; eight men) underwent three 3-h sitting conditions, interrupted every 30-min by a different 3-min break on separate, randomized-ordered days: seated social interactions (SOCIAL), walking (WALK), or simple resistance activities (SRA). Arterial stiffness was assessed at baseline. Before and after each 3-h condition, psychological factors (stress, mood, sleepiness, and alertness) were assessed through questionnaires and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure changes in prefrontal oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb), indicative of cortical activation, while performing working memory tasks [1- (baseline), 2-, and 3-back]. Blood glucose levels were continuously measured throughout the conditions. Results revealed no significant changes in Oxy-Hb during the 2-back compared with the 1-back test in any condition, and no time-by-condition interactions. During the 3-back test, there was a significant decrease in Oxy-Hb compared with the 1-back after the WALK condition in the right prefrontal cortex, but there were no time-by-condition interactions, although 3-back reaction time improved only in the WALK condition. Mood and alertness improved after the WALK condition, which was significantly different from the SOCIAL condition. Arterial stiffness moderated the effects, such that changes in Oxy-Hb were significantly different between WALK and SOCIAL conditions only among those with low arterial stiffness. Blood glucose during the interventions did not differ between conditions. Thus, breaking up prolonged sitting with frequent, short physical activity breaks may reduce right prefrontal cortex activation, with improvements in some aspects of working memory, mood, and alertness.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04137211.
Multi-Order Brain Functional Connectivity Network-Based Machine Learning Method for Recognition of Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Older Adults Undergoing Non-cardiac Surgery
Authors: Wu Guoqing , Jiang Zhaoshun , Cai Yuxi , Zhang Xixue , Lv Yating , Li Shihong , Lin Guangwu , Bao Zhijun , Liu Songbin , Gu Weidong 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Delayed neurocognitive recovery (DNR) seriously affects the post-operative recovery of elderly surgical patients, but there is still a lack of effective methods to recognize high-risk patients with DNR. This study proposed a machine learning method based on a multi-order brain functional connectivity (FC) network to recognize DNR.Method: Seventy-four patients who completed assessments were included in this study, in which 16/74 (21.6%) had DNR following surgery. Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), we first constructed low-order FC networks of 90 brain regions by calculating the correlation of brain region signal changing in the time dimension. Then, we established high-order FC networks by calculating correlations among each pair of brain regions. Afterward, we built sparse representation-based machine learning model to recognize DNR on the extracted multi-order FC network features. Finally, an independent testing was conducted to validate the established recognition model.Results: Three hundred ninety features of FC networks were finally extracted to identify DNR. After performing the independent-sample T test between these features and the categories, 15 features showed statistical differences (P &lt; 0.05) and 3 features had significant statistical differences (P &lt; 0.01). By comparing DNR and non-DNR patients’ brain region connection matrices, it is found that there are more connections among brain regions in DNR patients than in non-DNR patients. For the machine learning recognition model based on multi-feature combination, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the classifier reached 95.61, 92.00, 66.67, and 100.00%, respectively.Conclusion: This study not only reveals the significance of preoperative rs-fMRI in recognizing post-operative DNR in elderly patients but also establishes a promising machine learning method to recognize DNR.
Altered Variability and Concordance of Dynamic Resting-State fMRI Indices in Patients With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Lou Feiling , Tao Jiejie , Zhou Ronghui , Chen Shuangli , Qian Andan , Yang Chuang , Zheng Xiangwu , Chen Bicheng , Hu Zhishan , Wang Meihao 
Published: September 2021

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a commonly diagnosed neuropsychiatric disorder in children, which is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI), the alterations of static and dynamic characteristics of intrinsic brain activity have been identified in patients with ADHD. Yet, it remains unclear whether the concordance among indices of dynamic R-fMRI is altered in ADHD.Methods: R-fMRI scans obtained from 50 patients with ADHD and 28 healthy controls (HC) were used for the current study. We calculated the regional dynamic changes in brain activity indices using the sliding-window method and compared the differences in variability of these indices between ADHD patients and HCs. Further, the concordance among these dynamic indices was calculated and compared. Finally, the relationship between variability/concordance of these indices and ADHD-relevant clinical test scores was investigated.Results: Patients with ADHD showed decreased variability of dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (dALFF) in the left middle frontal gyrus and increased one in right middle occipital gyrus, as compared with the HCs. Besides, ADHD patients showed decreased voxel-wise concordance in the left middle frontal gyrus. Further, lower voxel-wise concordance in ADHD’s left middle frontal gyrus was associated with more non-perseverative errors in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, which reflects worse cognitive control.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that variability and concordance in dynamic brain activity may serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of ADHD. Further, the decreased voxel-wise concordance is associated with deficit in cognitive control in ADHD patients.
Quantitative Multiparametric MRI as an Imaging Biomarker for the Prediction of Breast Cancer Receptor Status and Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Yang Zhiqi , Chen Xiaofeng , Zhang Tianhui , Cheng Fengyan , Liao Yuting , Chen Xiangguan , Dai Zhuozhi , Fan Weixiong 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesTo assess breast cancer receptor status and molecular subtypes by using the CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE and readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion weighted imaging techniques.MethodsA total of 165 breast cancer patients were retrospectively recruited. Patient age, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factorreceptor-2 (HER-2) status, and the Ki-67 proliferation index were collected for analysis. Quantitative parameters (Ktrans, Ve, Kep), semiquantitative parameters (W-in, W-out, TTP), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared in relation to breast cancer receptor status and molecular subtypes. Statistical analysis were performed to compare the parameters in the receptor status and molecular subtype groups.Multivariate analysis was performed to explore confounder-adjusted associations, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the classification performance and calculate thresholds.ResultsYounger age (&lt;49.5 years, odds ratio (OR) =0.95, P=0.004), lower Kep (&lt;0.704,OR=0.14, P=0.044),and higher TTP (&gt;0.629 min, OR=24.65, P=0.011) were independently associated with progesterone receptor positivity. A higher TTP (&gt;0.585 min, OR=28.19, P=0.01) was independently associated with estrogen receptor positivity. Higher Kep (&gt;0.892, OR=11.6, P=0.047), lower TTP (&lt;0.582 min, OR&lt;0.001, P=0.004), and lower ADC (&lt;0.719 ×10-3 mm2/s, OR&lt;0.001, P=0.048) had stronger independent associations with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared to luminal A, and those parameters could differentiate TNBC from luminal A with the highest AUC of 0.811.ConclusionsKep and TTP were independently associated with hormone receptor status. In addition, the Kep, TTP, and ADC values had stronger independent associations with TNBC than with luminal A and could be used as imaging biomarkers for differentiate TNBC from Luminal A.
The Clinical Significance of Mesenteric Lymphocytes in Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wu Zi-Xin , Wang Fei , Li Liang , Yao Yuan , Long Jie , Luo Qing-Qing , Zhao Zhi-Bin , Li Wang-Lin , Cao Jie , Lian Zhe-Xiong 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveThe mesentery is a potential site of residual tumor in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mesenteric immune microenvironment remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the immune landscape of the mesentery, particularly the role of lymphocytes and its association with the clinicopathological characteristics of CRC.MethodsFlow cytometry was used to detect lymphocytes in the paired mesenteric tissue specimens adjacent to the colorectal tumors and normal mesenteric tissue specimens 10 cm away from the colorectal tumor edge and preoperative peripheral blood samples obtained from patients with CRC who underwent surgery. T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding was utilized to analyze multiparameter flow cytometry data. Multiplex immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate T cells subsets in the paired mesentery adjacent to the colorectal tumors and normal mesentery. The Fisher’s exact test and non-parametric Wilcoxon’s matched-pairs tests were used for statistical analysis. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine associations between percentage data and clinical parameters of patients with CRC.ResultsWe found that immune cells in the normal mesentery were mainly of lymphoid lineage. Compared with peripheral blood, the normal mesentery showed decreased NK cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio and increased CD3+ CD56+, memory CD4+ T, memory CD8+ T, CD4+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM), and CD8+ TRM cells. Compared with the normal mesentery, the mesentery adjacent to the colorectal tumor showed increased B and regulatory T cells and decreased NK, CD3+ CD56+, CD4+ TRM, and CD8+ TRM cells. Moreover, memory CD8+ T cells and plasmablasts are negatively correlated with the depth of invasion of CRC. Increased memory CD4+ T cells are associated with distant metastasis of CRC and high preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels.ConclusionThe mesentery shows a specific immune microenvironment, which differs from that observed in peripheral blood. CRC can alter the mesenteric immune response to promote tumor progression.