bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
„… oder doch lieber daheimbleiben?“ – Unterstützung bei der Entscheidung zur Inanspruchnahme der Regelversorgung während der COVID-19-Pandemie durch Akteure des Gesundheitssystems
Authors: Bitzer Eva Maria , Ansmann Lena , Hörold Madlen , Lyssenko Lisa , Apfelbacher Christian 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In der COVID-19-Pandemie ging die Versorgung nichtübertragbarer Erkrankungen zeitweise deutlich zurück, auch weil Menschen Angst vor einer Ansteckung hatten. Wir führen eine Bestandsaufnahme zur organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz in der Regelversorgung nichtübertragbarer Erkrankungen in der ersten Welle der COVID-19-Pandemie durch und fragen: Inwiefern wurden Menschen mit gesundheitlichen Beschwerden dabei unterstützt, gesundheitskompetente Entscheidungen für oder gegen die Inanspruchnahme von Versorgungsleistungen zu treffen?

Methodik
Strukturierende Inhaltsanalyse der Internetpräsenzen der Mitglieder der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlich Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF; n = 179), der kassen(zahn)ärztlichen Vereinigungen (K(Z)Ven; n = 38), ausgewählter Krankenkassen (n = 21), ausgewählter Behandlungseinrichtungen (n = 25) und überregionaler Anbieter von Gesundheitsinformationen (n = 5) zu Informationen und Angeboten zum Thema.

Ergebnisse
Die geprüften Internetpräsenzen informieren weitgehend rund um COVID-19, aber nur selten darüber, wie man sich bei einer (vermuteten) anderen Erkrankung in Bezug auf die Inanspruchnahme von Versorgungsleistungen verhält. 2 Portale von Anbietern von Gesundheitsinformationen, eine Krankenkasse, aber keine der KVen bieten explizite Entscheidungshilfen an. KVen weisen öfter, aber nicht durchgängig auf die generelle Möglichkeit von Videosprechstunden hin.

Diskussion
Für die meisten Patient*innen gab es damit keine gezielten Informationen zu dem Thema. Angesichts der Fortdauer der COVID-19-Pandemie gilt es, vorhandene vertrauenswürdige, qualitativ hochwertige Informations- und Beratungskapazitäten auszubauen und ihre Bekanntheit zu erhöhen, um gesundheitskompetente Entscheidungen auch in der Pandemie zu ermöglichen.
Effect of pluronic block polymers and N-acetylcysteine culture media additives on growth rate and fatty acid composition of six marine microalgae species
Authors: Sauvage Justine , Wikfors Gary H. , Li Xiaoxu , Gluis Mark , Nevejan Nancy , Sabbe Koen , Joyce Alyssa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe efficiency of microalgal biomass production is a determining factor for the economic competitiveness of microalgae-based industries. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and pluronic block polymers are two compounds of interest as novel culture media constituents because of their respective protective properties against oxidative stress and shear-stress-induced cell damage. Here we quantify the effect of NAC and two pluronic (F127 and F68) culture media additives upon the culture productivity of six marine microalgal species of relevance to the aquaculture industry (four diatoms-Chaetoceros calcitrans,Chaetoceros muelleri,Skeletonema costatum, andThalassiosira pseudonana; two haptophytes-Tisochrysis luteaandPavlova salina). Algal culture performance in response to the addition of NAC and pluronic, singly or combined, is dosage- and species-dependent. Combined NAC and pluronic F127 algal culture media additives resulted in specific growth rate increases of 38%, 16%, and 24% forC. calcitrans,C. muelleri, andP. salina, respectively. Enhanced culture productivity for strains belonging to the genusChaetoceroswas paired with an ~27% increase in stationary-phase cell density. For some of the species examined, culture media enrichments with NAC and pluronic resulted in increased omega-3-fatty acid content of the algal biomass. Larval development (i.e., growth and survival) of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) was not changed when fed a mixture of microalgae grown in NAC- and F127-supplemented culture medium. Based upon these results, we propose that culture media enrichment with NAC and pluronic F127 is an effective and easily adopted approach to increase algal productivity and enhance the nutritional quality of marine microalgal strains commonly cultured for live-feed applications in aquaculture.Key points• Single and combined NAC and pluronic F127 culture media supplementation significantly enhanced the productivity of Chaetoceros calcitrans and Chaetoceros muelleri cultures.• Culture media enrichments with NAC and F127 can increase omega-3-fatty acid content of algal biomass.• Microalgae grown in NAC- and pluronic F127-supplemented culture media are suitable for live-feed applications.
Elotuzumab for the treatment of extramedullary myeloma: a retrospective analysis of clinical efficacy and SLAMF7 expression patterns
Authors: Danhof Sophia , Rasche Leo , Mottok Anja , Steinmüller Tabea , Zhou Xiang , Schreder Martin , Kilian Teresa , Strifler Susanne , Rosenwald Andreas , Hudecek Michael , Einsele Hermann , Gerhard-Hartmann Elena 
Published: February 2021

AbstractExtramedullary disease (EMD) represents a high-risk state of multiple myeloma (MM) associated with poor prognosis. While most anti-myeloma therapeutics demonstrate limited efficacy in this setting, some studies exploring the utility of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells reported promising results. We have recently designed SLAMF7-directed CAR T cells for the treatment of MM. SLAMF7 is a transmembrane receptor expressed on myeloma cells that plays a role in myeloma cell homing to the bone marrow. Currently, the only approved anti-SLAMF7 therapeutic is the monoclonal antibody elotuzumab, but its efficacy in EMD has not been investigated thoroughly. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of elotuzumab-based combination therapy in a cohort of 15 patients with EMD. Moreover, since the presence of the target antigen is an indispensable prerequisite for effective targeted therapy, we investigated the SLAMF7 expression on extramedullary located tumor cells before and after treatment. We observed limited efficacy of elotuzumab-based combination therapies, with an overall response rate of 40% and a progression-free and overall survival of 3.8 and 12.9 months, respectively. Before treatment initiation, all available EMD tissue specimens (n = 3) demonstrated a strong and consistent SLAMF7 surface expression by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, to investigate a potential antigen reduction under therapeutic selection pressure, we analyzed samples of de novo EMD (n = 3) outgrown during elotuzumab treatment. Again, immunohistochemistry documented strong and consistent SLAMF7 expression in all samples. In aggregate, our data point towards a retained expression of SLAMF7 in EMD and encourage the development of more potent SLAMF7-directed immunotherapies, such as CAR T cells.
Same-day discharge after appendectomy for acute appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: de Wijkerslooth Elisabeth M. L. , Bakas Jay M. , van Rosmalen Joost , van den Boom Anne Loes , Wijnhoven Bas P. L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Patients presenting with acute appendicitis are usually hospitalized for a few days for appendectomy and postoperative recovery. Shortening length of stay may reduce costs and improve patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of same-day discharge after appendectomy for acute appendicitis.

Methods
A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. A literature search of EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar was conducted from inception to April 14, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened the literature and selected studies that addressed discharge on the same calendar day as the appendectomy. Risk of bias was assessed with the ROBINS-I tool. Main outcomes were hospital readmission, complications, and unplanned hospital visits in the postoperative course. A random effects model was used to pool risk ratios for the main outcomes.

Results
Of the 1912 articles screened, 17 comparative studies and 8 non-comparative studies met the inclusion criteria. Most only included laparoscopic procedure for uncomplicated appendicitis. Most studies were considered at moderate or serious risk of bias. In meta-analysis, same-day discharge (vs. overnight hospitalization) was not associated with increased rates of readmission, complication, and unplanned hospital visits. Non-comparative studies demonstrated low rates of readmission, complications, and unplanned hospital visits after same-day discharge.

Conclusion
This study suggests that same-day discharge after laparoscopic appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis is safe without an increased risk of readmission, complications, or unplanned hospital visits. Hence, same-day discharge may be further encouraged in selected patients.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018115948
Effect of method of administration on the oral health–related quality of life assessment using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-G)
Authors: Bekes Katrin , Solanke Cia , Waldhart Tessa , Priller Julia , Stamm Tanja 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The influence of the administration method used to collect oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether the OHRQoL information obtained using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) differed with different methods of data collection (face-to-face interview, telephone, or self-administered questionnaire).

Materials and methods
The OHRQoL of 38 preschool children, aged 1 to 5 years, was measured using the German version of the ECOHIS. The instrument was administered to the caregivers of these children using three different methods, with an interval of 1 week between each administration. Test-retest reliability for the repeated ECOHIS-G assessments across the three methods of administration, agreement, and convergent validity was determined.

Results
Kappa coefficients for agreement between two different methods of administration, respectively, ranged from moderate to substantial (0.47 to 0.65). Test-retest reliability was moderate (ICC 0.65–0.79).

Conclusion
In conclusion, the three methods of administration (face-to-face interview, telephone interview, or self-administered questionnaire) of the ECOHIS-G were comparable in 1- to 5-year-old preschool children.

Clinical relevance
All three methods of administration can be used to obtain valid and reliable OHRQoL information in German speaking countries.
Curve Based Approximation of Measures on Manifolds by Discrepancy Minimization
Authors: Ehler Martin , Gräf Manuel , Neumayer Sebastian , Steidl Gabriele 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe approximation of probability measures on compact metric spaces and in particular on Riemannian manifolds by atomic or empirical ones is a classical task in approximation and complexity theory with a wide range of applications. Instead of point measures we are concerned with the approximation by measures supported on Lipschitz curves. Special attention is paid to push-forward measures of Lebesgue measures on the unit interval by such curves. Using the discrepancy as distance between measures, we prove optimal approximation rates in terms of the curve’s length and Lipschitz constant. Having established the theoretical convergence rates, we are interested in the numerical minimization of the discrepancy between a given probability measure and the set of push-forward measures of Lebesgue measures on the unit interval by Lipschitz curves. We present numerical examples for measures on the 2- and 3-dimensional torus, the 2-sphere, the rotation group on$$\mathbb R^3$$R3and the Grassmannian of all 2-dimensional linear subspaces of$${\mathbb {R}}^4$$R4. Our algorithm of choice is a conjugate gradient method on these manifolds, which incorporates second-order information. For efficient gradient and Hessian evaluations within the algorithm, we approximate the given measures by truncated Fourier series and use fast Fourier transform techniques on these manifolds.
Heterogeneous snowpack response and snow drought occurrence across river basins of northwestern North America under 1.0°C to 4.0°C global warming
Authors: Shrestha Rajesh R. , Bonsal Barrie R. , Bonnyman James M. , Cannon Alex J. , Najafi Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAnthropogenic climate change is affecting the snowpack freshwater storage, with socioeconomic and ecological impacts. We present an assessment of maximum snow water equivalent (SWEmax) change in large river basins of the northwestern North America region using the Canadian Regional Climate Model 50-member ensemble under 1.0 °C to 4.0 °C global warming thresholds above the pre-industrial period. The projections indicate steep SWEmax decline in the warmer coastal/southern basins (i.e., Skeena, Fraser and Columbia), moderate decline in the milder interior basins (i.e., Peace, Athabasca and Saskatchewan), and either a small increase or decrease in the colder northern basins (i.e., Yukon, Peel, and Liard). A key factor for these spatial differences is the proximity of winter mean temperature to the freeze/melt threshold, with larger SWEmax declines for the basins closer to the threshold. Using the random forests machine-learning model, we find that the SWEmax change is primarily temperature controlled, especially for warmer basins. Further, under a categorical framework of below-normal SWEmax defined as snow drought (SD), we find that above-normal temperature and precipitation are the dominant conditions for SD occurrences under higher global warming thresholds. This implies a limited capacity of precipitation increase to compensate the temperature-driven snowpack decline. Additionally, the frequency and severity of SD occurrences are projected to be most extreme in the southern basins where current water demands are highest. Overall, the results of this study, including insights on snowpack changes, their climatic controls, and the framework for SD classification, are applicable for basins spanning a range of hydro-climatological regimes.
Medial clavicle fracture with bone destruction after radical neck dissection combined with postoperative chemotherapy for secondary cervical lymph node metastasis of tongue cancer: a case report
Authors: Tashiro Masayasu , Sano Tomoaki , Sugiura Kazutaka , Minamida Yasuhito , Abiko Yoshihiro , Nagayasu Hiroki , Nakayama Eiji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundClavicle fractures (CF) after radical neck dissection (RND) for oral cancer are rare but are thought to occur as a result of myotonia and decreased blood supply to the muscles around the clavicle after RND. The current report presents a rare case of a non-neoplastic pathological CF after RND, and discusses the role of imaging examinations for the timely detection of CF.Case reportAn 82-year-old Japanese man underwent RND followed by chemotherapy without radiotherapy for secondary metastasis of the right cervical lymph node after resection of tongue cancer. Computed tomography at 6 months after RND revealed a fracture with bone destruction in the proximal end of the right clavicle. He had no history of trauma at the site of the fracture and no symptoms. The possibility of bone metastasis of the clavicle was considered; however, the bone destruction had not advanced 6 years after the discovery of the fracture. The CF was thus finally considered to be a side effect of RND, rather than metastasis.ConclusionCF is a rare complication following treatment for head and neck cancer but can be caused by neck dissection. Regular imaging examinations, including the clavicular region, are therefore needed before and after surgery to ensure the timely detection of CF.
Are the 50’s, the transition decade, in choroid plexus aging?
Authors: Tahira Ana , Marques Fernanda , Lisboa Bianca , Feltrin Arthur , Barbosa André , de Oliveira Kátia Cristina , de Bragança Pereira Carlos Alberto , Leite Renata , Grinberg Lea , Suemoto Claudia , de Lucena Ferretti-Rebustini Renata Eloah , Pasqualucci Carlos Augusto , Jacob-Filho Wilson , Brentani Helena , Palha Joana Almeida 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe choroid plexus (CP) is an important structure for the brain. Besides its major role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), it conveys signals originating from the brain, and from the circulatory system, shaping brain function in health and in pathology. Previous studies in rodents have revealed altered transcriptome both during aging and in various diseases of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer’s disease. In the present study, a high-throughput sequencing of the CP transcriptome was performed in postmortem samples of clinically healthy individuals aged 50’s through 80’s. The data shows an age-related profile, with the main changes occurring in the transition from the 50’s to the 60’s, stabilizing thereafter. Specifically, neuronal and membrane functions distinguish the transcriptome between the 50’s and the 60’s, while neuronal and axon development and extracellular structure organization differentiate the 50’s from the 70’s. These findings suggest that changes in the CP transcriptome occur early in the aging process. Future studies will unravel whether these relate with processes occurring in late- onset brain diseases.
A colonial cash cow: the return on investments in British Malaya, 1889–1969
Authors: Rönnbäck Klas , Broberg Oskar , Galli Stefania 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHistorical rates of return on investments have received increasing scholarly attention in recent years. Much literature has focused especially on colonies, where institutions have been argued to facilitate severe exploitation. In the present study, we examine the return on investments in an Asian colony, British Malaya, from 1889 to 1969 for a large sample of companies. Our results suggest that the return on investments in Malaya might have been among the highest in the world during the period studied. Nevertheless, this finding fits badly with theories of imperial exploitation and can only to a limited extent be explained by a higher risk premium. Instead, we argue that the main driver of the very high return on investments in Malaya was rather the substantial rise in global market prices of the output of the two main sectors of the Malayan economy, rubber and tin. The way that the process of decolonization unfolded in Malaya did, furthermore, not lead to any major nationalization of foreign-held assets, and did thereby not disrupt the return on investment in the region in the same way as decolonization did to the return on investment in some other colonies.
Lumbar spine bone mineral density and trabecular bone score-adjusted FRAX, but not FRAX without bone mineral density, identify subclinical carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Pepe J. , Della Grotta G. , Santori R. , De Martino V. , Occhiuto M. , Cilli M. , Minisola S. , Cipriani C. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Osteoporosis and atherosclerosis share common risk factors. Aim of this study was to test if FRAX (which is an algorithm that can identify subjects at risk of fracture), without or with BMD values, also adjusted for trabecular bone score (TBS) was able to identify subclinical atherosclerosis, evaluated by measurement of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT ≥ 0.9 mm) as compared to DXA values.

Methods
Ninety postmenopausal women underwent DXA measurement and cIMT evaluation. For each patient, the FRAX algorithm for major osteoporotic fracture (M) and for hip fracture (H) without BMD was computed, together with FRAX with BMD and TBS-adjusted FRAX. Serum levels of osteoprotegerin, sRANKL, and interleukin-6 were also measured.

Results
There were no differences in anthropometric parameters and cardiovascular risk factors between subjects with cIMT ≥ 0.9 mm (35% of subjects, group A) compared to those with cIMT < 0.9 mm (group B). The prevalence of osteoporosis and FRAX BMD, TBS-adjusted FRAX both for M and H were higher in group A compared to group B. The best ROC curves to identify subjects with a cIMT ≥ 0.9 mm were: lumbar spine T-score, with a threshold of − 2.5 SD (area under the curve, AUC 0.64; p = 0.02) with a sensibility of 50% and a specificity of 76%; TBS-adjusted FRAX H with a sensibility of 50% and a specificity of 72% (AUC 0.64; p = 0.01 with a threshold of 3%). Interleukin-6 positively correlated with FRAX BMD H and M.

Conclusions
FRAX without BMD does not identify subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, while lumbar spine T-score and TBS-adjusted FRAX H similarly detected it with higher specificity for T-score.
Physicochemical factors affecting the wettability of copper mine blasting dust
Authors: Jin Longzhe , Liu Jianguo , Guo Jingzhong , Wang Jiaying , Wang Tianyang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo investigate the factors affecting the wettability of copper mine blasting dust, the primary blasting dust was collected from an open-pit copper mine and separated into hydrophilic blasting dust (HLBD) and hydrophobic blasting dust (HBBD) using water flotation method. The physicochemical properties of HLBD and HBBD were measured and compared with each other. The properties included particle size distributions (PSDs), micromorphologies, pore structures, mineral components and surface organic carbon functional groups. The results show that particle size and pore structure of the blasting dust are the main factors affecting its wettability. Specifically, particle size of HBBD is smaller than that of HLBD, and their respiratory dust (less than 10 µm) accounts for 61.74 vol% and 53.00 vol%, respectively. The pore structure of HBBD is more developed, and the total pore volume of HBBD is 1.66 times larger than that of HLBD. The identical mineral compositions were detected in HLBD and HBBD by X-rays diffraction (XRD); however, the surface organic hydrophobic component of HBBD is slightly larger than that of HLBD, this may be the reason for the poor wettability of HBBD. This study is significant to understand the effects of physicochemical properties of copper mine blasting dust on its wettability.
Global rural value chains and the role of natural disasters in their transformation
Authors: Breiling Meinhard 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGlobal rural value chains relate to business activities in non-central locations all over the world. They contain almost all global agricultural production, a major part of global tourism, and minor shares of industry and other services than tourism. Their generated value is more dependent on climate and extreme weather events than what is the case with urban value chains. Concepts of disaster vulnerability and disaster resilience to rural value chains are presented and followed by a system view on global rural value according to four income groups of countries. A different meaning of disasters becomes perceivable for each income group. We come up with four cases of successful in some aspects controversial alterations of global rural value chains: palm oil value chain in ASEAN, the sixth industry in Japan, rural tourism in Asia, and winter tourism in Austria and analyze the impacts of natural disasters in case studies. The business disturbances are manifold, complex, and not entirely adverse. The value at risk in a given location widely depends on the susceptibility of people and environment to a natural disaster, the costs to repair, and possibilities to innovate. Along with economic growth, disasters accelerate transformations in rural value chains and the strive to become more global while contracting in their local extensions.