bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of phospholipids and glycerol glycolipids in green pepper by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Yingbo Zhao , Ximan Kong , Yajuan Wang , Huajun Sun , Shujuan Ji 
Published: June 2021

RationaleAs important components of plant cells, lipids are involved in various biological functions. However, the composition and content of lipids in cell membranes changes at low temperature resulting in chilling injury and affecting the commercial value of green peppers. Detecting the changes in lipids helps to understand the mechanism of low‐temperature stress in green peppers; however, a comprehensive study of lipid profiles in green pepper has not been well documented.MethodsHerein, we report an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF MS) method to determine phospholipids and glycolipids in green peppers and compare five extraction methods among which the isopropanol/chloroform/water (ICW) method demonstrated the best extraction efficiency. The established method was used to determine the membrane lipids of fresh samples, chilled samples(4°C‐20d), and control samples (10°C‐20d).ResultsA total of 98 lipids, including 77 phospholipids and 21 glycolipids, were extracted from green peppers using ICW extraction. The content and profile of phosphatidylcholine (PC) among phospholipids were found to be the highest, accounting for 58.58% of all the phospholipids. The monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) content among the glycolipids was the highest, accounting for 1.43%. The samples stored at low temperature (4°C, 20d) had a significantly higher PC content and a higher content of lipids containing unsaturated fatty acid residues as compared with the control samples (10°C, 20d). The recovery ranged from 75.55% to 96.64% while the limit of quantification ranged from 10 to 1000 ng mL−1.ConclusionsThe results indicated that the established method provided a reliable platform to study the changes in membrane lipids of a green pepper under low‐temperature conditions.
Stochastic stability and stabilization for stochastic differential semi‐Markov jump systems with incremental quadratic constraints
Authors: Zhang Min , Huang Jun , Zhang Yueyuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe problem of the stochastic stability analysis and state feedback stabilization for nonlinear stochastic differential semi‐Markov jump systems with incremental quadratic constraints is investigated in this article. Different from Markovian process, the transition rate is time varying with known bounds and the sojourn time is conformed to the Weibull distribution in semi‐Markov process. Traditional nonlinear constraint such as Lipschitz, one‐sided Lipschitz, and so forth, is extended to incremental quadratic constraint. By the mode‐dependent Lyapunov function and the slack variable method, the sufficient conditions ensuring that the considered systems are stochastically stable are formulated by linear matrix inequalities. Then, a state feedback controller is designed to drive the closed‐loop system stochastically stable. Finally, an example of helicopter is used to illustrate the superiority as well as effectiveness of the results in this treatise.
Ethylenediamine‐Modified Hollow Porous Nanospheres for Effective Removal of Chromium (VI)
Authors: Wang Huaqing , He Zhiwei , Yu Haitao , Gao Shengguang , Zhang Li , Huang Kun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of recyclable adsorbents with satisfactory adsorption properties is more beneficial to their value in environment‐related applications. Organic porous polymer has become a potential adsorption material because of its convenient and effective modifiability and relatively high specific surface area. Here, we report for the first time a novel synthesis of ethylenediamine‐modified hollow porous nanospheres (HPNs‐NH2) via hyper‐crosslinking mediated self‐assembly strategy using polylactide‐b‐polystyrene‐b‐polyglycidyl methacrylate (PLA‐b‐PS‐b‐PGM) triblock copolymers as precursors, followed by further ring‐opening of epoxy groups with ethylenediamine (EDA). Owing to the special multistage pore structure, high surface area and a large number of amino active sites, the obtained solid adsorbent HPNs‐NH2 showed high adsorption capacity (493 mg/g) for Cr(VI), and its adsorption performance can still be maintained at a high level after eight cycles. These obvious advantages indicated that HPNs‐NH2 is expected to play an important role in the treatment of hexavalent chromium in sewage.
Effects of Pectins with Different Structural and Conformational Characteristics on Gelatinization and Retrogradation of Corn Starch
Authors: Xie Fan , Wang Zhengwu , Liu Jianhua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, the effects of pectin with different structural and conformational characteristics on gelatinization and retrogradation of corn starch are investigated. The structural characteristics analysis showed that the low, medium, and high methoxyl pectin have different molecular weights (4.93×105, 2.59×105, and 3.26×105 Da), branched structures, and intrinsic viscosity (651.11, 641.99, and 1003.30 mL g−1). Pasting properties analysis results demonstrate that the presence of pectin retarded starch gelatinization, and high methoxyl pectin with branched structure affect the viscosity of starch pastes. Furthermore, the presence of high methoxyl pectin changes the viscoelastic property and limits the retrogradation of starch gel significantly. Correlation analysis suggests that the intrinsic viscosity is the major factor regulating the effect of pectin on gelatinization and retrogradation of starch. This study provides a theoretical basis for further in‐depth use of pectin in starchy food.
Team‐based learning and the community of inquiry model
Authors: Restall Greg C. , Clark Michele C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter presents team‐based learning (TBL) as a teaching strategy to support self‐regulated learning in a community of inquiry. It argues for the inclusion of self‐regulated learning as an essential component of Garrison's community of inquiry model, and illustrates how TBL supports and improves the delivery of this online model.
Finite element modeling of electromagnetic properties of 3D printed materials in X‐band spectrum
Authors: Rath Usharani , Pandey Pulak M 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMicrowave absorbers are distinctive class of materials, which are used to absorb undesired electromagnetic waves in the microwave spectrum. A finite element modeling approach was utilized in the present study to investigate the microwave absorption properties of three different materials such as polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer, polycaprolactone‐carbonyl iron particle (CIP) composite with random orientation of CIPs, and polycaprolactone‐carbonyl iron particle composite with oriented chain structures of CIPs, fabricated by extrusion‐based 3D printing process. A two‐dimensional model was formulated comprising the material under test and two rectangular waveguides attached to the vector network analyzer. A two‐port network model was used to emulate the real‐time experimental environment. It was found from the electric field distribution plot that the oriented PCL‐CIP model reflects and transmits marginal amplitude of electromagnetic waves when compared with nonoriented PCL‐CIP model followed by pure PCL model. The simulation results were validated with the experimental findings. A minimum loss of electromagnetic energy was observed for oriented model as compared to other models, supporting the experimental findings. Larger domain wall motions and micro capacitor behavior of oriented chains of carbonyl particles were responsible for such microwave absorption properties of oriented composites. The practical utility of the present modeling and simulation approach is multifold as it can be utilized to investigate and compare the electromagnetic shielding behavior of various polymeric composites without any material wastage, machine utilization, and physical testing.
Novel treatment of recurrent abdominal lymphatic malformations in a dog
Authors: Locker Seth H , Maxwell Elizabeth A , Vilaplana Grosso Federico , Bertran Judith , Shiomitsu Keijiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn 8‐month‐old neutered male border collie mix was presented for abdominal distension, lethargy and vomiting. Computed tomography revealed a large, lobulated, fluid‐filled cystic mass within the abdomen. Following subtotal surgical resection and histopathology, a diagnosis of lymphangioma (lymphatic malformation) was made. Five months postoperatively, a recurrence of the lymphatic malformation was diagnosed. Multimodal therapy was instituted consisting of subtotal surgical resection, electrochemotherapy, sclerotherapy and radiation therapy. Ten months postoperatively and 7 months post‐radiation therapy, the dog remained without recurrence of clinical signs, and the lymphatic malformation was reduced in size. The combination of surgical resection, electrochemotherapy, sclerotherapy and radiation therapy seemed to be safe therapeutic options for abdominal lymphangiomas and may aid in medium‐term disease control.
On a gauge-invariant deformation of a classical gauge-invariant theory
Authors: Buchbinder I. L. , Lavrov P. M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We consider a general gauge theory with independent generators and study the problem of gauge-invariant deformation of initial gauge-invariant classical action. The problem is formulated in terms of BV-formalism and is reduced to describing the general solution to the classical master equation. We show that such general solution is determined by two arbitrary generating functions of the initial fields. As a result, we construct in explicit form the deformed action and the deformed gauge generators in terms of above functions. We argue that the deformed theory must in general be non-local. The developed deformation procedure is applied to Abelian vector field theory and we show that it allows to derive non-Abelain Yang-Mills theory. This procedure is also applied to free massless integer higher spin field theory and leads to local cubic interaction vertex for such fields.
Power balance modulation strategy for hybrid cascaded H-bridge multi-level inverter
Authors: Gong Renxi , Xue Bo , Liu Jianfeng , Zhang Xinyu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUnder the traditional hybrid modulation strategy, the output powers of the hybrid cascaded H-bridge inverter are not balanced between the cascaded units. With a hybrid cascaded H-bridge 13-level inverter with a DC side voltage ratio of 1:1:1:3 (referred to as III-inverter in the paper) as the research object, a hybrid modulation power equalization strategy based on carrier rotation is proposed. Under the control of which, the output voltage of inverters is formed by superposition of multiple basic voltage waveforms. Firstly, the hybrid modulation strategy is adopted to modulate the inverter so that the high- and low-voltage units, respectively, operate in the low-frequency and high-frequency states. Then, the pulse sequence within the 3/2 output voltage cycle is made to circulate among all the cascaded units by carrier rotation. Finally, the output voltage of each cascaded units is made to contain all the basic voltage waveforms, thus implementing the output power balance between all the cascaded units. Based on simulation and experiment, the effectiveness of the strategy is verified, and it is shown that under the control of this power balance modulation strategy, the output voltage waveform quality of the inverter is high, there is no current backflow, and the output power can be balanced within 3/2 cycles.
Predictors of Bone Mineral Density Improvement after Parathyroidectomy for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: A Retrospective Single‐Center Analysis
Authors: Okada Manabu , Tominaga Yoshihiro , Tomosugi Toshihide , Hiramitsu Takahisa , Ichimori Toshihiro , Sato Tetsuhiko 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundParathyroidectomy (PTx) reportedly increases bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). To date, however, there has not been sufficient evidence on predictors of BMD improvement post‐PTx for SHPT, an issue the present retrospective cohort study aimed to address.MethodsA total of 173 SHPT patients who underwent total PTx with forearm autograft between 2009 and 2017 were included in the present study. Demographic information, perioperative laboratory data and pre‐ and post‐PTx BMD values (measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry) were collected from their medical records. The change in BMD post‐PTx in the lumbar spine was evaluated as the primary outcome. Then, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for a ≥ 10% increase in BMD post‐PTx.ResultsOverall, the median BMD in the lumbar spine was increased by 8.7% post‐PTx. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥ 70 years (P = 0.005; odds ratio [OR], 0.138; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.034–0.555), serum Ca level (P = 0.017; OR, 0.598; 95% CI: 0.392–0.911) and pre‐PTx BMD in the lumbar spine (P = 0.003; OR, 0.013; 95% CI: 0.001–0.229) were negatively associated with a ≥ 10% increase in BMD post‐PTx.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that presurgical age, serum Ca levels and BMD values could better predict an improvement in BMD post‐PTx in SHPT patients.
Permian A-type granites of the Western Carpathians and Transdanubian regions: products of the Pangea supercontinent breakup
Authors: Ondrejka Martin , Uher Pavel , Putiš Marián , Kohút Milan , Broska Igor , Larionov Alexander , Bojar Ana-Voica , Sobocký Tomáš 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPermian biotite leucogranites to granite porphyries and rhyolites form small intrusions in several Alpine tectonic units in the Western Carpathians and the Pannonian region (Slovakia and Hungary). Their A-type signature is inferred from main- and trace-element geochemistry, with high K, Rb, Y, REE, Zr, Th, Nb, Fe/Mg and Ga/Al, low Al, Mg, Ca, P, Sr, V and strong negative Eu-anomaly. This geochemical signature is further supported by the mineralogy comprising local hypersolvus alkali feldspars, annitic biotite and the presence and composition of HFSE accessory minerals. The δ18O values measured for zircon (mean value 8.3 ‰ ± 0.36) may be explained by the melting of igneous material of crustal origin and/or mantle basalts which interacted with low-temperature fluids. The in-situ SHRIMP U–Pb isotope dating of zircon from the granites highlights two different periods of magmatic crystallisation and pluton emplacement: the older 281 ± 3 Ma Cisuralian age in the southern part, Velence Hills in the Pannonian region (Transdanubian Unit) and younger Guadalupian ages in the northern part, the West-Carpathian area: 262 ± 4 Ma (Turčok, Gemeric Unit), 267 ± 2 Ma (Hrončok, Veporic Unit) and 264 ± 3 Ma (Upohlav, granitic pebbles in Cretaceous conglomerates of the Pieniny Klippen Belt). The ~ 280 to 260-Ma interval is simultaneous with post-orogenic or anorogenic, rift-related and mainly alkaline (A-type) magmatism on the broader European scale. Our study documents a close relationship between the Permian continental rifting and the Neotethyan Meliatic oceanic basin opening in the Middle Triassic. The A-type granites originated from the partial melting of the ancient lower crustal quartzo-feldspatic rocks with the possible contribution of meta-basic material from the mantle in an extensional tectonic regime consistent with disintegration of the Pangea supercontinent during the Permian–Triassic period.
Morphological abnormality in thornback ray Raja clavata in the Irish Sea
Authors: Clarke L. J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA free-swimming thornback rayRaja clavataspecimen demonstrating significant morphological abnormality is reported, captured by beam trawl in the Irish Sea off north Wales, UK. The anterior sections of both pectoral fins were separated from the head section for a length of approximately 140 mm extending from the rostrum tip to a point posterior of the spiracles, along with abnormal morphology of the gill slits. This phenomenon has been observed elsewhere but is the first documented example of this abnormality in the eastern Irish Sea, despite widespread targeting of the species across the region by commercial and recreational fishers. Possible causes and consequences of the observed abnormality are discussed.
GIS-based mapping of water-level fluctuations (WLF) and its impact on groundwater in an Agrarian District in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Kumar P. J. Sajil 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study describes the results of groundwater table variation in Thanjavur District before and after the monsoon seasons. Groundwater-level data acquired by the field measurement and the elevation data have been obtained from the topographic survey. Groundwater is the major source for different sectors in this region, and the major portion was used for irrigation. The impacts of geology, soil types, topographic elevation, land-use changes were critically analyzed and identified that these factors are controlling the infiltration capacity. The maximum fluctuation in the water table was 2 m below the ground level; still, 50% of the study area is under threat of overexploitation. This is projecting to a severe shortage in water supply soon. Groundwater quality is threatening by the saline intrusion in the coastal region, and the irrigation return flows inland. The spatial variation maps were useful in visualizing the seasonal water level and fluctuation in Thanjavur. A proper monitoring system, efficient irrigation practices, and effective groundwater recharge structures are recommended.
Concerns About ABA-Based Intervention: An Evaluation and Recommendations
Authors: Leaf Justin B. , Cihon Joseph H. , Leaf Ronald , McEachin John , Liu Nicholas , Russell Noah , Unumb Lorri , Shapiro Sydney , Khosrowshahi Dara 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFor over 50 years, intervention methods informed by the principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA) have been empirically researched and clinically implemented for autistics/individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite the plethora of evidence for the effectiveness of ABA-based interventions, some autism rights and neurodiversity activists have expressed concerns with ABA-based interventions. Concerns have included discontent with historical events and possible harm from the procedures and goals targeted. The purpose of this manuscript is to examine some expressed concerns about ABA-based intervention and suggest productive ways of moving forward to provide the best outcomes for autistics/individuals diagnosed with ASD. The authors represent stakeholders from multiple sectors including board certified behavior analysts, licensed psychologists, parents, and autistics/individuals diagnosed with ASD.
Enhancing the collectivist critique: accounts of the human enhancement debate
Authors: Johnson Tess 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIndividualist ethical analyses in the enhancement debate have often prioritised or only considered the interests and concerns of parents and the future child. The collectivist critique of the human enhancement debate argues that rather than pure individualism, a focus on collectivist, or group-level ethical considerations is needed for balanced ethical analysis of specific enhancement interventions. Here, I defend this argument for the insufficiency of pure individualism. However, existing collectivist analyses tend to take a negative approach that hinders them from adequately contributing to balanced ethical analysis, and often leads to a prohibitive stance. I argue this is due to two common problems with collectivist analyses: inappropriate acceptance of individualist assumptions, and failure to appropriately weigh individual vs collective ethical considerations. To further develop the collectivist critique in the enhancement debate, I suggest we may look to collectivism in public health ethics, which avoids these problems.
Development of a Prototype, Once-Daily, Modified-Release Formulation for the Short Half-Life RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK2982772
Authors: Tompson Debra J. , Whitaker Mark , Pan Rennan , Johnson Geoffrey , Fuller Teresa , McKenzie Litza , Zann Vanessa , Powell Marcy , Abbott-Banner Kathy , Hawkins Simon 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
GSK2982772 is a selective inhibitor of receptor-interacting protein kinase-1, with a 2–3 h half-life. This study evaluated if a once-daily modified-release formulation of GSK2982772 could be developed with no significant food effect.

Methods
Part A evaluated the pharmacokinetics of GSK2982772 following fasted single-dose (120 mg) administration of two matrix minitab formulations (MT-8 h and MT-12 h) vs 120 mg immediate release (IR) and MT-12 h with a high-fat meal. Part B evaluated once-daily MT-12 h for 3 days at three dose levels. Part C evaluated a matrix monolithic (MM-12 h) formulation at two dose levels in different prandial states.

Results
All modified-release formulations dosed in the fasted state reduced maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), delayed time to Cmax, and decreased area under the curve (AUC) vs IR. When MT-12 h or MM-12 h were co-administered with a meal (standard or high-fat) Cmax and AUC increased. Dosing MM-12 h 1 h before a standard or high-fat meal had minimal impact on exposure vs fasted.

Conclusions
MT-12 h and MM-12 h provided a QD pharmacokinetic profile in the fasted state, however when MT-12 h was dosed with a high-fat meal a QD profile was not maintained. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03266172).
Curry–Howard–Lambek Correspondence for Intuitionistic Belief
Authors: Perini Brogi Cosimo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces anatural deduction calculus for intuitionistic logic of belief$$\mathsf {IEL}^{-}$$IEL-which is easily turned into amodal$$\lambda $$λ-calculusgiving a computational semantics for deductions in$$\mathsf {IEL}^{-}$$IEL-. By using that interpretation, it is also proved that$$\mathsf {IEL}^{-}$$IEL-hasgood proof-theoretic properties. The correspondence between deductions and typed terms is then extended to acategorical semanticsfor identity of proofs in$$\mathsf {IEL}^{-}$$IEL-showing the general structure of such a modality for belief in an intuitionistic framework.