bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rice ACID PHOSPHATASE 1 regulates Pi stress adaptation by maintaining intracellular Pi homeostasis
Authors: Deng Suren , Li Jingyi , Du Zezhen , Wu Zixuan , Yang Jian , Cai Hongmei , Wu Gaobing , Xu Fangsen , Huang Yichao , Wang Sheliang , Wang Chuang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe concentration and homeostasis of intracellular phosphate (Pi) are crucial for sustaining cell metabolism and growth. During short‐term Pi starvation, intracellular Pi is maintained relatively constant at the expense of vacuolar Pi. After the vacuolar stored Pi is exhausted, the plant cells induce the synthesis of intracellular acid phosphatase (APase) to recycle Pi from expendable organic phosphate (Po). In this study, the expression, enzymatic activity and subcellular localization of ACID PHOSPHATASE 1 (OsACP1) were determined. OsACP1 expression is specifically induced in almost all cell types of leaves and roots under Pi stress conditions. OsACP1 encodes an acid phosphatase with broad Po substrates and localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus (GA). The phylogenic analysis demonstrates that OsACP1 has a similar structure with human acid phosphatase PHOSPHO1. Overexpression or mutation of OsACP1 affected Po degradation and utilization, which further influenced plant growth and productivity under both Pi‐sufficient and Pi‐deficient conditions. Moreover, overexpression of OsACP1 significantly affected intracellular Pi homeostasis and Pi starvation signalling. We concluded that OsACP1 is an active acid phosphatase that regulates rice growth under Pi stress conditions by recycling Pi from Po in the ER and GA.
Vaccination coverage and related factors among the elderly: A cross‐sectional study from Turkey
Authors: Yalçın Gürsoy Melike , Tanrıverdi Gülbu , Özsezer Gözde , Chousko Mechmet Fatme 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe study was conducted to determine the vaccination rates and related factors among the elderly.DesignCross‐sectional study.SampleThis study was conducted with 984 elderly people living in a province in western Turkey.MeasurementsThe single‐stage cluster sampling method was used in the sample selection. The descriptive statistics, the chi‐square analysis, the Mann–Whitney U test and the logistic regression analysis for the multivariate analysis were used to evaluate the data.ResultsIt was determined that 45.6% of the elderly were vaccinated after the age of 65 and the most frequently administered vaccines were influenza (41.3%), pneumococcal (10.9%), and tetanus (5.5%) vaccines. Higher vaccination rates were determined in the following demographics, namely by 1.8‐fold (95% CI, 1.4–2.4) in those living in urban areas, by 2.6‐fold (95% CI, 1.8–3.9) in those with high school or higher education, by 1.5‐fold (95% CI, 1.0–2.5) in those who did not work, by 1.7‐fold (95% CI, 1.3–2.3) in those with chronic diseases and by 2‐fold (95% CI, 1.1–3.4) in those who fulfilled their physical own needs themselves.ConclusionThis study showed that more than half of the elderly did not receive any vaccinations in old age. The vaccination rates of the elderly were associated with many factors.
Photosynthetic physiological response of water‐saving and drought‐resistant rice to severe drought under wetting‐drying alternation irrigation
Authors: He Haibing , Wang Quan , Wang Lele , Yang Kun , Yang Ru , You Cuicui , Ke Jian , Wu Liquan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWater‐saving and drought‐resistant rice (WDR) is widely grown in central China in recent years. However, studies have not explored the interaction effect of WDR and irrigation regimes on drought‐resistance capacities under severe drought at sensitive growth periods. A pot experiment was conducted using a WDR cultivar Hanyou73 (HY73) and traditional high‐yielding and drought‐sensitive cultivar Huiliangyou 898 (HLY898). Three irrigation regimes, including flooding irrigation (W1), mild wetting‐drying alternation irrigation (W2), and severe wetting‐drying alternation irrigation (W3), were applied before heading. At heading, severe drought with −50 KPa soil water potential was established for all treatments and cultivars. The findings showed that cultivar HY73 under W2 treatment had the highest yield, 1000‐grain yield, filled grain, relative water content, and photosynthesis potential compared with the other combinations. The higher net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was attributed to larger mesophyll conductance (gm) in drought for cultivar HY73 under W2 treatment compared with that for cultivar HLY898 and the other water treatments. Enhanced photo‐respiration rate may be an important photoprotection mechanism for achieving high Pn for cultivar HY73 coupled with W2 treatment than for other combinations in drought. The relative expression level of OsPIP1;1 gene was significantly down‐regulated during drought in all cultivars and water regimes. But OsPIP1;2, OsPIP2;3, OsTIP2;2, and OsTIP3;1 genes were upregulated to alleviate the significant decrease in gs and gm under drought. These results suggest that WDR and mild wetting‐drying alternation irrigation (W2) have significant interaction effects in improving photosynthetic production potential by maintaining higher gm under severe drought.
Is the Internet bringing down language‐based barriers to international trade?
Authors: Kitenge Erick , Lahiri Sajal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the interaction between Internet access and language similarities in international trade. We apply recent developments in gravity analysis to bilateral export data from about 205 countries over the period 1954–2014. We find a positive impact of both the Internet and language similarities, but a negative interaction between them in international trade. Our results reveal that the language elasticity of trade is lower when more people have access to the Internet and that the impact of the Internet is lower when the trading partners use similar languages. Our results also pass a number of robustness checks.
For the Children: Notions of Childhood in Women's Narratives of Home in Rural Newfoundland*
Authors: Porter Michelle 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhen rural women involved in a research project in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada told stories about home, many shared a common narrative of a changing rural childhood. I discuss the ways in which these women's narratives engaged with notions of change in relation to childhood in rural Newfoundland. I argue that research on changing notions of childhood and how these affect the residential decisions of parents and mothers is required to better understand the reasons people move to or away from rural areas. This topic deserves broader attention from scholars and policy makers.
Improvement of the understanding of blood donors with human T‐cell leukaemia virus type 1 using a new information booklet
Authors: Nakamura Hitomi , Sagara Yasuko , Yamamoto Midori , Utsunomiya Atae , Watanabe Toshiki , Satake Masahiro , Irita Kazuo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundHuman T‐cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) tests have been mandated in Japan since 1986, and notification of HTLV‐1‐seropositive donors started in 1999. However, donor knowledge and response to notification has not been assessed.Study design and MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among blood donors notified of HTLV‐1 seropositivity regarding their knowledge of HTLV‐1 and unmet information needs. To reduce anxiety among notified individuals and raise awareness of their infection status, we created a booklet containing information that would be useful for these individuals without causing unnecessary anxiety while also requesting that they refrain from donating blood in the future.ResultsA questionnaire survey conducted before the distribution of a new booklet revealed that 15.0% of respondents donated blood again despite receiving an HTLV‐1‐seropositive notification at the previous donation. While 62.2% of respondents reacted to the notification favourably, 40.2% expressed anxiety and 32.5% requested information on related diseases and medical institutions for consultation. In the secondary survey after distribution of the new booklet, 87.9% of respondents reported that the information was comprehensible, and an increase in consultations of medical institutions by notification recipients was observed. Furthermore, no re‐visiting donors were observed among the HTLV‐1‐seropositive recipients who were notified using the new information booklet.ConclusionThe new information booklet provided enlightenment on HTLV‐1 infection and facilitated the consultation of medical institutions by seropositive donors, leading to an improvement in the health‐related quality of life of seropositive blood donors and the safety of blood products.
Right Ventricular Shape Feature Quantification for Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension: Feasibility and Preliminary Associations With Clinical Outcome
Authors: Xu Jing , Desmond Eleanor L. , Wong Timothy C. , Neill Colin G. , Simon Marc A. , Brigham John C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to demonstrate feasibility of statistical shape analysis techniques to identify distinguishing features of right ventricle (RV) shape as related to hemodynamic variables and outcome data in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance images were acquired from 50 patients (33 PH, 17 non-PH). Contemporaneous right heart catheterization data were collected for all individuals. Outcome was defined by all-cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure. RV endocardial borders were manually segmented, and three-dimensional surfaces reconstructed at end diastole and end systole. Registration and harmonic mapping were then used to create a quantitative correspondence between all RV surfaces. Proper orthogonal decomposition was performed to generate modes describing RV shape features. The first 15 modes captured over 98% of the total modal energy. Two shape modes, 8 (free wall expansion) and 13 (septal flattening), stood out as relating to PH state (mode 13: r = 0.424, p = 0.002; mode 8: r = 0.429, p = 0.002). Mode 13 was significantly correlated with outcome (r = 0.438, p = 0.001), more so than any hemodynamic variable. Shape analysis techniques can derive unique RV shape descriptors corresponding to specific, anatomically meaningful features. The modes quantify shape features that had been previously only qualitatively related to PH progression. Modes describing relevant RV features are shown to correlate with clinical measures of RV status, as well as outcomes. These new shape descriptors lay the groundwork for a noninvasive strategy for identification of failing RVs, beyond what is currently available to clinicians.
Validation of a Backswing Developmental Sequence for the Overarm Throw for Force
Authors: Beseler Bradley , Williams Kathleen , Plumb Mandy S. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Roberton’s movement components are used to assess fundamental motor skills as segmental developmental sequences. In 1991, Haywood, Williams and VanSant determined that original developmental sequences proposed for the backswing levels of the overarm throw did not encompass all ages. Their study of older throwers identified two new qualitatively different levels, with half the participants categorized at two new levels. This investigation extended the initial validation across a wider age range. Method: Two hundred and twenty-eight primary, high school, university students, and adults were instructed to make five throws for maximum force using their dominant hand. Throws were recorded with side and rear cameras synchronized for analysis. Prelongitudinal screening was used to analyze the Haywood et al. revisions of the Langendorfer developmental sequence. Results: Five of the six levels of Haywood’s sequence were suitable for assessing throwers 8 years of age through to adulthood. More study is needed of one less advanced pattern. Lower level throws corresponded to lower velocities; higher level throws were faster, suggesting the sequence was properly ordered. More males than females were classified at higher levels, demonstrating typical gender differences. Discussion: The categories hypothesized for the backswing action of the overarm throw were valid descriptors of differences observed across ages, from childhood to adulthood. Additional study of Levels 3 and 4 is warranted to clarify their order.
Exploring Coach Perceptions of Parkour-Style Training for Athlete Learning and Development in Team Sports
Authors: Strafford Ben William , Davids Keith , North Jamie Stephen , Stone Joseph Antony 
Published: September 2021

Contemporary learning and development models have identified parkour-style training as a vehicle for athlete enrichment. However, perceptions of team-sport coaches and their receptiveness to such models of athlete enrichment have not been investigated and remain unclear. To explore how parkour-style training could be integrated into athlete development programs in team sports, we interviewed sport practitioners to explore their preexisting knowledge of parkour and their perceptions on its potential applications. Experienced talent development (n = 10) and strength and conditioning coaches (n = 10) were interviewed using an open-ended, semistructured approach with a two-stage thematic analysis being conducted to identify themes. Three dimensions were identified: coaches’ general perceptions of parkour, potential applications of parkour, and feasibility of integrating parkour into athlete development programs. Participant perceptions revealed that: (a) parkour activities were viewed as supplementary activities to enrich sport-specific training routines, including use of obstacle courses and/or tag elements; (b) parkour-style obstacle environments needed to be scalable to allow individual athletes and coaches to manipulate object orientation and tasks using soft play and traditional gym equipment; and (c) the implementation of continued professional development opportunities, athlete-centered approaches to learning designs in sport, and coach–parent forums were recommended to support the integration of parkour-style training.
Before School Exercise Effects on Fitness and Academic Performance in Schoolchildren: A Retrospective Case-Controlled Study
Authors: Kulp Austin J. , Zhu Xihe 
Published: September 2021

Background/Purpose: Before school exercise programs (BSEPs) give students time for breakfast and add time to their daily physical activity. However, the effects of BSEP on physical fitness and academic achievement in the classroom remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of BSEP on cardiorespiratory fitness and academic performance among fourth- and fifth-grade students. Method: A retrospective case-controlled design was used in this study. Fourth and fifth graders (N = 84) were participants, half signed up for BSEP that met once a week for 10 weeks. A retrospectively case-controlled comparison group was generated from the classmates of those in BSEP in the same school. All students took PACER and statewide academic performance assessments. Multivariate analysis of covariance for student cardiorespiratory fitness, and mathematics and reading, were conducted, adjusting for pretest performances. Analysis/Results: There were improvements for both groups in academic performances and cardiorespiratory fitness. The cardiorespiratory fitness and reading test improvements were greater in the BSEP group than those in the comparison group, controlling for their pretests. However, there was no significant difference in student mathematics test performances. Conclusion: Students in BSEP group benefited from participating in the program with greater improvement in cardiorespiratory and reading test performances than the comparison group. These findings suggested that providing a BSEP once a week for 45 min may be beneficial to fourth and fifth graders.
Fluid inclusion evidence for the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of closely linked porphyry Au, porphyry Mo, and barren systems, East Qinling, China
Authors: Tang Li , Wagner Thomas , Fusswinkel Tobias , Zhang Shou-Ting , Hu Xin-Kai , Schlegel Tobias U. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Xiong’ershan district in central China hosts broadly coeval porphyry Au (Qiyugou deposit), porphyry Mo (Leimengou deposit), and barren (Huashan pluton) systems. The key controls on the ore potential and different mineralization styles in these systems are not well understood, with first-order differences in fluid chemistry and melt sources being the main alternatives. The fluid inclusion characteristics of all three porphyry systems have been studied using an integrated approach that combines field geology, petrography, microthermometry, and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry analysis of single fluid inclusions. The results permit a reconstruction of the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the ore-forming fluids, and to elucidate whether specialized hydrothermal fluids strongly enriched in ore metals (i.e., Mo, Au, Cu) were essential to form the economically significant deposits. The fluid compositions across the three hydrothermal stages from the Qiyugou Au deposit remain approximately the same over time, suggesting that progressive magma fractionation, fluid-rock reaction along fluid path, and mineral precipitation had a limited effect on fluid composition. The syn-ore stage fluids of the Leimengou Mo deposit are characterized by higher Cs/Na, Sr/Na, and B/Na, but lower K/Na and Cl/Na ratios, and also have salinities and homogenization temperatures distinct from the earlier fluids. This demonstrates that Mo mineralization was caused by a second pulse of fluid input from a highly fractionated felsic magma subsequent to the pre-ore stage. At the Huashan barren pluton, fluids from phase II have higher Cs/Na, B/Na, Li/Na, and Rb/Na ratios with lower homogenization temperatures than fluids occurring in porphyritic rocks of phase III, reflecting a higher degree of magma fractionation of this plutonic complex. The Huashan pluton does not host economic mineralization which is likely caused by the low ore metal tenor, inefficient fluid extraction from the melt, or the flat-roof geometry preventing accumulation of a large volume of fluid in the apical part. The Au tenor of the Qiyugou deposit was most likely contributed by mantle-derived material of higher Mg/Na, Fe/Na, Pb/Na, and Zn/Na ratios. Taken together, the metal charged magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, steeply dipping geometry, and small volume of the porphyry stocks all suggest that a much larger magma chamber feeding the porphyry systems should be present at deeper levels with good potential for Mo mineralization below the current level of exposure at Qiyugou deposit.
Feasibility and parental perception of home sleep studies during COVID-19: a tertiary sleep centre experience
Authors: Jones Susan , Hanwell Ross , Chowdhury Tharima , Orgill Jane , van den Eshof Kirandeep , Farquhar Michael , Joseph Desaline , Gringras Paul , Trucco Federica 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveRapid implementation of home sleep studies during the first UK COVID-19 ‘lockdown’—completion rates, family feedback and factors that predict success.DesignWe included all patients who had a sleep study conducted at home instead of as inpatient from 30 March 2020 to 30 June 2020. Studies with less than 4 hours of data for analysis were defined ‘unsuccessful’.Results137 patients were included. 96 underwent home respiratory polygraphy (HRP), median age 5.5 years. 41 had oxycapnography (O2/CO2), median age 5 years. 56% HRP and 83% O2/CO2 were successful. A diagnosis of autism predicted a lower success rate (29%) as did age under 5 years.ConclusionSwitching studies rapidly from an inpatient to a home environment is possible, but there are several challenges that include a higher failure rate in younger children and those with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Interventions for improving treatment outcomes in adolescents on antiretroviral therapy with unsuppressed viral loads: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Munyayi Farai Kevin , van Wyk Brian 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionAdolescents represent one of the most underserved population groups among people living with HIV. With successes in the elimination of mother to child transmission initiatives and advances in paediatric HIV treatment programmes, a large population of HIV-infected children are surviving into adolescence. Adolescence presents unique challenges that increase the risk of non-suppressed viral loads in adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV). There is a need to develop, implement and test interventions to improve viral suppression among ALHIV. Systematic reviews of recent studies present scarce and inconclusive evidence of effectiveness of current interventions, especially for adolescents. This protocol provides a description of a planned review of interventions to improve treatment outcomes among unsuppressed ALHIV.Methods and analysisA comprehensive search string will be used to search six bibliographic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Sabinet, EBSCOhost, CINAHL, Scopus and ScienceDirect, for relevant studies published between 2010 and 2020 globally, and grey literature. Identified articles will be exported into Mendeley Reference Management software and two independent reviewers will screen the titles, abstracts and full texts for eligibility. A third reviewer will resolve any discrepancies between the two initial reviewers. Studies reporting on interventions to improve viral suppression, retention and adherence for adolescents will be considered for inclusion. The systematic review will be performed and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Where feasible, a meta-analysis will be conducted using Stata Statistical Software: Release V.16. The quality of the studies and risk of bias will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists and Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions tool, respectively.Ethics and disseminationThe systematic review entails abstracting and reviewing already publicly available data rather than any involvement of participants, therefore, no ethical clearance will be required. Results will be shared with relevant policy-makers, programme managers and service providers, and published and share through conferences and webinars.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021232440.