bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case study: Central States Manufacturing, Inc
Authors: Scharf Adria L. 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis case study examines employee share ownership at Central States Manufacturing, where the employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) shares stunning sums of wealth with employees. Central States designs its ESOP to allow participants to access a portion of their ownership wealth while they are still employed at the company, through hardship and in-service withdrawals. This may make the “wealth benefit” of employee ownership more meaningful to lower-wage workers navigating economic challenges. The case study adds to the discussion about how employee ownership can benefit low- and moderate-wage workers and close the wealth gap.Design/methodology/approachData were collected via: (1) published accounts, (2) structured qualitative interview with the chief financial officer (CFO), (3) follow-up emails and phone communication with company contact and (4) review of plan document language.FindingsWorkers at Central States Manufacturing – including truck drivers and production workers – build large sums of wealth through the ESOP. Central States innovates in its ESOP by permitting workers to access a portion of their ownership wealth while they are still working through hardship and service withdrawals.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a mini-case study heavily reliant on the information provided by the CFO, in combination with background publications, and plan document language. It does not include employee interviews.Originality/valueThis paper lifts up an innovative company whose success and innovative ESOP plan design benefit frontline workers.
The impact of emerging technologies on accounting curriculum and the accounting profession
Authors: Wang Tawei 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
In this commentary, the author uses the development of data analytics curriculum at DePaul University as an example to highlight possible challenges and share the experience. In addition, seven different possible future research directions are identified so the readers are able to understand more about the impact of emerging technologies on the accounting profession and accounting curriculum.

Findings
Challenges and experience when developing data analytics curriculum at DePaul University are discussed. In addition, seven different possible future research directions are identified so the readers are able to understand more about the impact of emerging technologies on the accounting profession and accounting curriculum.

Originality/value
This paper expresses the author’s viewpoints regarding the impact of emerging technologies on accounting curriculum and the accounting profession.
Effects of different polymerisation conditions using hybrid polymer on high turbidity suspensions
Authors: Ishak Siti Aisyah , Murshed Mohamad Fared , Sabtu Nuridah , Mokhtar Hamizah 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
In this study, new hybrid polymers composed of Zinc chloride (ZnCl2), acrylamide and chitosan were prepared at different ratios and temperatures. The effects of pH and polymer dosage were examined for different polymers to observe their efficiency in the removal of turbid water. The polymers’ zeta potential, morphology, elemental composition and functional groups were also identified and studied.

Design/methodology/approach
The free-radical polymerisation process was executed in the presence of N, N’-Methylene bis-acrylamide and potassium persulphate in one molar acrylamide solution. ZnCl2 and chitosan (CO) were later introduced into the suspension under nitrogen gas flow. Ratio and temperature were varied during polymerisation. The hybrid polymer produced, termed Polyacrylamide + chitosan oligosaccharide + zinc chloride (PAMCOZ), was analysed using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy attenuated total reflectance and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray. The hybrid PAMCOZ was experimented with in high turbid kaolin suspension using jar testing analysis to see its ability as a coagulant.

Findings
The coagulation process using PAMCOZ with a ratio of 11 (3:2) at 70°C surrounding temperature showed a 100% reduction at pH 4 with 50 mg/L of the polymer. The functional groups present in ratio 11 polymer were hydroxyl, carbonyl, amide and methyl groups. In addition, several elements were spotted on the surface of PAMCOZ, such as zinc (Zn), carbon (C), chlorine (Cl), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O). The effect of pH also demonstrated that PAMCOZ was unfavourable in an alkaline turbid water environment.

Research limitations/implications
Due to the research methodology approach, the research results may lack actual wastewater application. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the hybrid coagulant on raw wastewater, such as pulp and paper mill effluent with a high turbidity value similar to this study.

Originality/value
The polymerisation between zinc chloride, acrylamide and chitosan has not yet been applied. The different ratios and effects of temperature were analysed on PAMCOZ to see the turbidity removal. PAMCOZ showed better turbidity removal in acidic conditions.
Cultivation of a vampire: ‘Candidatus Absconditicoccus praedator’
Authors: Yakimov Michail M. , Merkel Alexander Y. , Gaisin Vasil A. , Pilhofer Martin , Messina Enzo , Hallsworth John E. , Klyukina Alexandra A. , Tikhonova Ekaterina N. , Gorlenko Vladimir M. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryHalorhodospira halophila, one of the most‐xerophilic halophiles, inhabits biophysically stressful and energetically expensive, salt‐saturated alkaline brines. Here, we report an additional stress factor that is biotic: a diminutive Candidate‐Phyla‐Radiation bacterium, that we named ‘Ca. Absconditicoccus praedator’ M39‐6, which predates H. halophila M39‐5, an obligately photosynthetic, anaerobic purple‐sulfur bacterium. We cultivated this association (isolated from the hypersaline alkaline Lake Hotontyn Nur, Mongolia) and characterized their biology. ‘Ca. Absconditicoccus praedator’ is the first stably cultivated species from the candidate class‐level lineage Gracilibacteria (order‐level lineage Absconditabacterales). Its closed‐and‐curated genome lacks genes for the glycolytic, pentose phosphate‐ and Entner–Doudoroff pathways which would generate energy/reducing equivalents and produce central carbon currencies. Therefore, ‘Ca. Absconditicoccus praedator’ is dependent on host‐derived building blocks for nucleic acid‐, protein‐, and peptidoglycan synthesis. It shares traits with (the uncultured) ‘Ca. Vampirococcus lugosii’, which is also of the Gracilibacteria lineage. These are obligate parasitic lifestyle, feeding on photosynthetic anoxygenic Gammaproteobacteria, and absorption of host cytoplasm. Commonalities in their genomic composition and structure suggest that the entire Absconditabacterales lineage consists of predatory species which act to cull the populations of their respective host bacteria. Cultivation of vampire : host associations can shed light on unresolved aspects of their metabolism and ecosystem dynamics at life‐limiting extremes.
Emergency intubation practices in a tertiary teaching hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia: A prospective observational study
Authors: Sulistio Septo , Habib Hadiki , Mulyana Radi Muharris , Albar Imamul Aziz 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveIntubation is an important competency for emergency doctors. Emergency patients are often unstable, with undifferentiated conditions. There is little time to prepare these patients prior to intubation and so ED intubation may differ from intubation in intensive care units and operating theatres. The present study aims to describe the characteristics of emergency intubation after an administrative policy change within a tertiary teaching hospital in Jakarta, allowing non‐anaesthetists to perform intubation in the ED.MethodsProspective data were collected regarding patients of all age groups who were intubated at the ED of Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, from February 2018 to January 2019. Patient characteristics, intubation attempts, medications used, complications, and disposition were recorded in a self‐reported airway registry based on the Australian and New Zealand Emergency Department Airway Registry (ANZEDAR) form.ResultsDuring the 12‐month study period, 231 patients, or 41.5% of ED intubated patients were enrolled in the study, and there were 268 intubation attempts on these enrolled patients. The first‐pass success rate was 207 out of 231 patients, or 89.6%, with anaesthetist (88.9%), better than emergency doctors (55.4%). Complications were reported in 51 patients, or 22.0%, with desaturation and hypotension being the most common. Thirty‐three patients, or 14.3%, died in the ED before being transferred to another unit.ConclusionsThe first‐pass success rate is comparable with international data. Non‐anaesthetic physicians must improve their experience to achieve a favourable success rate. The data on complications highlight the need for improvement in Indonesian ED intubation practices.
Hyper‐peripheral regional evolution: The “long histories” of the Pilbara and Buryatia
Authors: Barratt Tom , Klarin Anton 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this article, we outline how evolutionary economic geography (EEG) explains peripheral economic development by comparing two peripheries over extended time periods. This comparison involves critically appraising EEG’s capacity to account for peripheral evolution. For geographical, historical, and political reasons, peripheries lack resources that lead to path creation and renewal. The hyper‐peripheral regions of the Pilbara in north‐west Australia and of Buryatia in south‐east Russia provide excellent comparative case studies for understanding how peripheral regional development evolves in ways contingent upon time, state institutions, natural resource endowments, and region/firm dynamics. Our analysis shows that EEG is well equipped to deal with historical factors and capitalist economies but it struggles to reconcile these regions’ resilience and ability to sustain both Indigenous and non‐Indigenous socio‐economies. Development in these regions over extended periods of time invites questions about whether it is appropriate to apply EEG and its constituent parts: path creation, renewal, and exhaustion; regional resilience; and institutional thinness and thickness. In addressing those questions, we show that EEG can incorporate temporal development, stretching over long periods and economic analysis. We also critique the extent to which EEG can be used to consider how state activities influence path creation and renewal, the importance of extra‐regional contexts, and heterodox and Indigenous perspectives.
Trapped on the Roof of the World: taxonomic diversity and evolutionary patterns of Tibetan Plateau endemic freshwater snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae: Tibetoradix)
Authors: VINARSKI Maxim V. , VON OHEIMB Parm Viktor , AKSENOVA Olga V. , GOFAROV Mikhail Yu. , KONDAKOV Alexander V. , NEKHAEV Ivan O. , BOLOTOV Ivan N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe high‐elevation Tibetan Plateau (western China) is inhabited by a unique, though not particularly species‐rich, community of organisms. We explored the species content and evolutionary history of the Tibetan Plateau endemic freshwater snail genus Tibetoradix. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus were reconstructed based on available sequence data. We used a single‐rate Poisson Tree Processes approach for species delimitation and compared putative species‐level clades with already described taxa. We found that the genus consists of at least 6 species, of which we described 4 as new to science. Shell and soft body morphology was examined and the radula in Tibetoradix was described for the first time. Based on our findings, the diversification of the genus did not result in a prominent morphological differentiation and a number of species can be regarded as morphologically cryptic. Single species found in different drainage areas indicate relatively good passive dispersal abilities of the snails. The allopatric distribution of the species could result from competitive exclusion between them. The absence of Tibetoradix spp. outside the Tibetan Plateau could be explained by a scenario of an “evolutionary trap”, where adaptations to high elevation conditions prevented the taxa from a successful colonization of lower elevations.
Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review
Authors: Brancalion L. , Haase B. , Wade C. M. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryOur understanding of canine coat colour genetics and the associated health implications is developing rapidly. To date, there are 15 genes with known roles in canine coat colour phenotypes. Many coat phenotypes result from complex and/or epistatic genetic interactions among variants within and between loci, some of which remain unidentified. Some genes involved in canine pigmentation have been linked to aural, visual and neurological impairments. Consequently, coat pigmentation in the domestic dog retains considerable ethical and economic interest. In this paper we discuss coat colour phenotypes in the domestic dog, the genes and variants responsible for these phenotypes and any proven coat colour‐associated health effects.
Hypopigmented lesions in pityriasis lichenoides chronica patients: Are they only post‐inflammatory hypopigmentation?
Authors: Elbendary Amira , Abdel‐Halim Mona R. E. , Youssef Randa , Abdel Halim Dalia , Elmasry Maha Fathy , Gad Abdallah , El Sharkawy Dina Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesPityriasis lichenoides chronica (PLC) lesions are reported to subside with post‐inflammatory hypopigmentation (PIH); hence, the most widely perceived nature of hypopigmented macules in PLC is PIH. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies describing histopathological findings in these lesions are reported in literature. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypopigmented lesions encountered in PLC patients and to shed light on their histopathological features.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study included twenty‐one patients with PLC recruited in a period of twelve months. Clinical characteristics of each patient were collected. A skin biopsy from hypopigmented lesions whenever present was taken and assessed with routine haematoxylin and eosin stain.ResultsSeventeen patients (81%) were less than 13 years old. Most patients (85.7%) demonstrated diffuse distribution of lesions. Hypopigmented lesions were present on the face in 12 (57.14%) patients. Histopathologically, hypopigmented lesions showed features of post‐inflammatory hypopigmentation in 19% of patients, residual PLC in 52.4% and active PLC 28.6% of patients.ConclusionHypopigmented lesions in PLC were noted mainly in younger ages, histopathologically they may show features of active or residual disease, beyond post‐inflammatory hypopigmentation. Consequently active treatment for patients presenting predominantly with hypopigmented lesions could be required to control the disease.
Hysteroscopic management of retained products of conception: A systematic review
Authors: Taylor Cassandra , Ellett Lenore , Hiscock Richard , Mooney Samantha 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe management of retained products of conception (RPOC) is not well standardised due to a lack of evidence‐based guidelines. Hysteroscopic resection has been proven to be safe and is hypothesised to have lower risk than dilation and curettage, but data comparing the two directly are limited.AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes for hysteroscopic resection for the management of RPOC in comparison to current standard management techniques.MethodsA literature search was conducted in September 2019 using MEDLINE, Scopus, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The key search terms were ‘hysteroscopy’/‘hysteroscopic resection’ and ‘retained products of conception’/‘RPOC’. Both prospective and retrospective studies were included. A total of 19 studies were included (n = 2314). Due to a critical risk of bias in all studies with a comparison arm, a meta‐analysis was not performed. Meta‐analysis techniques were still used to provide summary estimates for primary and secondary outcomes, including conception rate, time to conception, live birth rate, intrauterine adhesions (IUAs), surgical complications and future pregnancy complications.ResultsThe overall conception rate for hysteroscopic resection was 81.1% (live birth rate 87.3%) compared to 65.4% for non‐hysteroscopic management (live birth rate 93.8%). After hysteroscopic resection the overall complication rate was 1.9% and the IUA rate was 6.8%.ConclusionsDue to the poor quality and overall scarcity of comparative data, the question whether hysteroscopic resection is superior to traditional curettage for the management of RPOC remains unanswered. This review provides summary data, which will enable the design of adequately powered future studies.
Experimental design in practice: The importance of blocking and treatment structures
Authors: Williams E.R. , Forde C.G. , Imaki J. , Oelkers K. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryExperimental design and analysis has evolved substantially over the last 100 years, driven to a large extent by the power and availability of the computer. To demonstrate this development and encourage the use of experimental design in practice, three experiments from different research areas are presented. In these examples multiple blocking factors have been employed and they show how extraneous variation can be accommodated and interpreted. The examples are used to discuss the importance of blocking and treatment structures in the conduct of designed experiments.
Current status of photodynamic technology for urothelial cancer
Authors: Inoue Keiji , Fukuhara Hideo , Yamamoto Shinkuro , Karashima Takashi , Kurabayashi Atsushi , Furihata Mutsuo , Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Lai Hung Wei , Ogura Shun‐Ichiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract5‐Aminolevulinic acid is a new‐generation photosensitizer with high tumor specificity. It has been used successfully in the diagnosis, treatment, and screening of urological cancers including bladder cancer; specifically, it has been used in photodynamic diagnosis to detect tumors by illuminating the lesion with a specific wavelength of light to produce fluorescence in the lesion after administration of 5‐aminolevulinic acid, in photodynamic therapy, which induces tumor cell death via production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, and in photodynamic screening, in which porphyrin excretion in the blood and urine is used as a tumor biomarker after administration of 5‐aminolevulinic acid. In addition to these applications in urological cancers, 5‐aminolevulinic acid–based photodynamic technology is expected to be used as a novel strategy for a large number of cancer types because it is based on a property of cancer cells known as the Warburg effect, which is a basic biological property that is common across all cancers.
Optic neuritis after COVID‐19 vaccine application
Authors: García‐Estrada Christian , Gómez‐Figueroa Enrique , Alban Lennyn , Arias‐Cárdenas Alejandro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAs the COVID‐19 pandemic continues to rise, the development of effective vaccines is of crucial importance to prevent further morbidity and mortality. In parallel, some rare adverse events related to COVID‐19 vaccines, have been reported, most of them mild. Here we report the case of a previously healthy 19‐year‐old woman who developed optic neuritis 1 week after single dose of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine with marked improvement after management with steroids. Although causality cannot be confirmed due to lack of a biological marker, this case may help to guide further research for potential pathogenic mechanism.
Periconceptional folic acid intake and disturbing factors: A single‐center study in Japan
Authors: Kamura Shunsuke , Sasaki Aiko , Ogawa Kohei , Kato Kiyoko , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe investigated folic acid (FA) intake and disturbing factors in pregnant women who visited our center in 2017. Among 1531 pregnant women, 45.1% of women initiated FA supplementation before pregnancy. The risk of failure of supplementation was significantly lower among women of ≥35 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.43) and 30–34 years of age (aOR: 0.59) in comparison to women of <30 years of age, and among those conceived with timing/artificial insemination of husband (aOR 0.47) and in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (aOR 0.32) in comparison to those conceived naturally. The risk among those with 1 (aOR 1.44) or ≥2 previous deliveries (aOR 2.75) was significantly higher in comparison to nulliparous women. Young, multiparous women, and those with natural conception should be targeted to promote preconceptional FA intake.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) linked mutation in Ubiquilin 2 affects stress granule assembly via TIA‐1
Authors: Peng Guangnan , Gu Ao , Niu Hongyan , Chen Linlin , Chen Yan , Zhou Miaojin , Zhang Yiti , Liu Jie , Cai Licong , Liang Desheng , Liu Xionghao , Liu Mujun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsThe ubiquilin‐like protein ubiquilin 2 (UBQLN2) is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration (ALS/FTD). The biological function of UBQLN2 has previously been shown to be related to stress granules (SGs). In this study, we aimed to clarify the regulatory relationship between UBQLN2 and SGs.MethodsIn this study, we transfected UBQLN2‐WT or UBQLN2‐P497H plasmids into cell lines (HEK293T, HeLa), and observed the process of SG dynamics by immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, immunoblot analyses the protein changes of stress granules related components.ResultsWe observed that ubiquilin 2 colocalizes with the SG component proteins G3BP1, TIA‐1, ATXN2, and PABPC1. In cells expressing WT UBQLN2 or P497H mutants, in the early stages of SG formation under oxidative stress, the percentage of cells with SGs and the number of SGs per cell decreased to varying degrees. Between WT and mutant, there was no significant difference in eIF2α activity after stress treatment. Interestingly, the UBQLN2 P497H mutant downregulates the level of TIA‐1. In addition, the overexpression of the UBQLN2 P497H mutant inhibited the phosphorylation of 4E‐BP1 and affected the nucleoplasmic distribution of TDP‐43.ConclusionsUbiquilin 2 colocalizes with the SG component proteins G3BP1, TIA‐1, ATXN2, and PABPC1. It participates in regulating SG dynamics. And UBQLN2 mutation affects the assembly of stress granules by regulating TIA‐1. In addition, the overexpression of the UBQLN2 P497H mutant inhibited the phosphorylation of 4E‐BP1 and affected the nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of TDP‐43. These provide new insights into the role of UBQLN2 in oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of ALS.