bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of COVID‐19 on public health nursing student learning outcomes
Authors: Cygan Heide , Bejster Mallory , Tribbia Carly , Vondracek Hugh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of a strong, effective public health nursing workforce while also requiring public health nursing faculty to adapt teaching strategies as courses transitioned online. It is essential to understand how the pandemic‐enforced transition from face‐to‐face to remote learning impacts student outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to compare student learning outcomes in a pre‐licensure public health nursing course before, during, and after the transition to remote learning.MethodsDescriptive statistics were computed for assignments, exams, and final course grades for three terms (Fall 2019, Spring 2020 and Fall 2020).ResultsAnalysis showed statistically significant differences between terms for assignments and exams but not the final course grade. However, these differences were driven by small standard deviations rather than differences between mean scores demonstrating that there was actual little difference in student learning outcomes across terms.ConclusionsAuthors suggest strategies to support consistent academic outcomes and future research needed understand student
learning outcomes during the pandemic; ultimately building the public health nursing workforce necessary to address the current and future public health crises.
Photoisomerization Kinetics of Photoswitchable Thin Films Based on Nanostructure/Molecular Layers of AlN‐AO7
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad A. , Al‐Bataineh Qais M. , Al‐Nawafleh Dima M. , Telfah Ahmad D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe photoisomerization kinetics of photoswitchable thin films based on nanostructure/molecular layers of AlN‐AO7 have been studied, investigated and reported. The trans → cis isomerization process occurs by UV‐light irradiation. The cis‐isomer could be turned back to the trans‐isomer by either thermal or optical relaxation. The kinetics and time‐evolution of the photoisomerization and reverse isomerization mechanism of AlN‐AO7 thin films are investigated by UV‐Vis absorbance spectra using relevant models. All phases of AlN‐AO7 thin film, initial trans‐, cis‐, optical trans‐, thermal trans‐phases, were investigated using UV‐Vis absorbance spectra, FTIR spectra, XRD and SEM. Transforming AlN‐AO7 thin film from the initial trans‐phase into cis‐phase leads to curvature in the AO7 leaves and increases in the strain inside the structure. Going back to the trans‐phase by either optical or thermal relaxation leads to vanishing the curvature and decreasing the structure's strain. Finally, the energy storage capacity was calculated using DSC and was found to be 36.38 J g−1, simultaneously realizing the multisource solar energy storage and environmental heat.
Knowledge and mentality
Authors: Pavese Carlotta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper reexamines the case for mentality — the thesis that knowledge is a mental state in its own right, and not only derivatively, simply by virtue of being composed out of mental states or by virtue of being a property of mental states — and explores a novel argument for it. I argue that a certain property singled out by psychologists and philosophers of cognitive science as distinctive of skillful behavior (agentive control) is best understood in terms of knowledge. While psychological theories of agentive control that appeal to monitoring mechanisms, such as attention, have been proposed, these theories cannot account for the full scope of controlled action. By contrast, I argue that an epistemic theory of agentive control that invokes knowledge is extensionally adequate. It is when it comes to understanding the hallmarks of skillful performance that the theoretical benefits of thinking of knowledge as mental can be fully appreciated.
How Do Disadvantaged Groups Seek Information About Public Services? A Randomized Controlled Trial of Communication Technologies
Authors: Linos Katerina , Carlson Melissa , Jakli Laura , Dalma Nadia , Cohen Isabelle , Veloudaki Afroditi , Spyrellis Stavros Nikiforos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGovernments and NGOs are switching to phone‐ and Internet‐based communication technologies to reduce costs and broaden access to public services. However, these technological shifts can backfire if they exacerbate administrative burden in high‐need communities. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Greece evaluating which communication mode best allows disadvantaged groups to solicit information about free services. Subjects were 18 times more likely to use a prepaid postcard and eight times more likely to use a postcard requiring postage than a hotline or email to seek information about free dental care. Focus groups indicate that low self‐efficacy greatly limits disadvantaged groups’ willingness to use newer technologies for bureaucratic inquiries. We demonstrate that the administrative burden associated with technological shifts is larger than previously believed and that widespread psychological barriers include not only the stigma of welfare receipt, but also the stigma of mishandling a conversation with a bureaucrat.Evidence for Practice

Scholarship on administrative burden underestimates both the magnitude and the types of challenges disadvantaged communities face when using new technologies to access free services.
Even in high literacy countries with extensive Internet availability and widespread use of mobile phones for informal social communication, the switch to new technologies for aid provision creates major challenges for aid recipients.
Although phone‐ and Internet‐based communication technologies reduce costs for service providers, they impose sizable psychological burdens on disadvantaged communities that often lack confidence and technical skills to use these technologies for formal, bureaucratic communications.
When designing outreach programming, service providers should consider using postcards and similar tools that place minimal informational and technological demands on disadvantaged communities and avoid the potential for uncomfortable interactions.
Pius II and the Andreis (1462): Textual Circulation, Crusade Promotion and Papal Power
Authors: Torch Barry , DeSilva Jennifer Mara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article investigates the Andreis, an account of the 1462 Roman adventus of St Andrew’s head relic. While the text is most commonly known from Book VIII of Pope Pius II’s Commentaries (1462‐64), it appeared in discrete parts and circulated independently from 1462. The Andreis is revealed as a compilation of texts by several authors, undermining Pius’ traditional role as the sole author of the Andreis and later Commentaries. Additionally, the Andreis is identified as an early festival book, with similar norms of circulation, impact, and elite presentation. Recreating the adventus through texts written for the event, the Andreis reflects contemporary expectations for festival books, while also encouraging support for an Ottoman crusade. Thus, circulating separately and later as part of the Commentaries, the Andreis contributed to Pius’ crusade campaign and reputation, arguing for the pope’s authority as Peter’s heir, his popularity as a leader, and his rightful role as the protector of Eastern Christians.
Estimation of Large Block Structured Covariance Matrices: Application to ‘Multi-Omic’ Approaches to Study Seed Quality
Authors: Perrot-Dockès M. , Lévy-Leduc C. , Rajjou L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMotivated by an application in high-throughput genomics and metabolomics, we propose a novel and fully data-driven approach for estimating large block structured sparse covariance matrices in the case where the number of variables is much larger than the number of samples without limiting ourselves to block diagonal matrices. Our approach consists in approximating such a covariance matrix by the sum of a low-rank sparse matrix and a diagonal matrix. Our methodology also can deal with matrices for which the block structure appears only if the columns and rows are permuted according to an unknown permutation. Our technique is implemented in the R package BlockCov which is available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) and from GitHub. In order to illustrate the statistical and numerical performance of our package some numerical experiments are provided as well as a thorough comparison with alternative methods. Finally, our approach is applied to the use of ‘multi-omic’ approaches for studying seed quality.
Root responses to aluminium and iron stresses require the SIZ1 SUMO ligase to modulate the STOP1 transcription factor
Authors: Mercier Caroline , Roux Brice , Have Marien , Le Poder Léa , Duong Nathalie , David Pascale , Leonhardt Nathalie , Blanchard Laurence , Naumann Christin , Abel Steffen , Cuyas Laura , Pluchon Sylvain , Nussaume Laurent , Desnos Thierry 
Published: October 2021

SUMMARYSTOP1, an Arabidopsis transcription factor favouring root growth tolerance against Al toxicity, acts in the response to iron under low Pi (−Pi). Previous studies have shown that Al and Fe regulate the stability and accumulation of STOP1 in roots, and that the STOP1 protein is sumoylated by an unknown E3 ligase. Here, using a forward genetics suppressor screen, we identified the E3 SUMO (small ubiquitin‐like modifier) ligase SIZ1 as a modulator of STOP1 signalling. Mutations in SIZ1 increase the expression of ALMT1 (a direct target of STOP1) and root growth responses to Al and Fe stress in a STOP1‐dependent manner. Moreover, loss‐of‐function mutations in SIZ1 enhance the abundance of STOP1 in the root tip. However, no sumoylated STOP1 protein was detected by Western blot analysis in our sumoylation assay in Escherichia coli, suggesting the presence of a more sophisticated mechanism. We conclude that the sumo ligase SIZ1 negatively regulates STOP1 signalling, at least in part by modulating STOP1 protein in the root tip. Our results will allow a better understanding of this signalling pathway.
SDG128 is involved in maize leaf inclination
Authors: Wang Shiliang , Zhang Fei , Jiang Pengfei , Zhang Heng , Zheng Han , Chen Rihong , Xu Zuntao , Ikram Aziz Ul , Li Enze , Xu Zaoshi , Fan Jun , Su Yanhua , Ding Yong 
Published: October 2021

SummaryMaize leaf angle (LA) is a complex quantitative trait that is controlled by developmental signals, hormones, and environmental factors. However, the connection between histone methylation and LAs in maize remains unclear. Here, we reported that SET domain protein 128 (SDG128) is involved in leaf inclination in maize. Knockdown of SDG128 using an RNA interference approach resulted in an expanded architecture, less large vascular bundles, more small vascular bundles, and larger spacing of large vascular bundles in the auricles. SDG128 interacts with ZmGID2 both in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of ZmGID2 also showed a larger LA with less large vascular bundles and larger spacing of vascular bundles. In addition, the transcription level of cell wall expansion family genes ZmEXPA1, ZmEXPB2, and GRMZM2G005887; transcriptional factor genes Lg1, ZmTAC1, and ZmCLA4; and auxin pathway genes ZmYUCCA7, ZmYUCCA8, and ZmARF22 was reduced in SDG128 and ZmGID2 knockdown plants. SDG128 directly targets ZmEXPA1, ZmEXPB2, LG1, and ZmTAC1 and is required for H3K4me3 deposition at these genes. Together, the results of the present study suggest that SDG128 and ZmGID2 are involved in the maize leaf inclination.
Identification of explanatory factors of the presence and quantification of endocrine disruptors in commercially available bottled waters
Authors: Enríquez‐Hidalgo Andrés M. , Lara‐Borrero Jaime , Torres Andrés 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo identify the factors that influence the presence and quantification of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in bottled water marketed in Bogotá, the packaging (plastic or glass), gas (sparkling or still water) and origin (international or Colombian) of the water were considered. EDs were divided into plasticizers, drugs and hormones and were quantitatively determined via gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Principal component and multiple correspondence analyses, the Wilcoxon and Kruskal–Wallis tests, average mutual information and tree‐based models were used to identify the factors that affected the ED concentrations. Phthalates, drugs, hormones and synthetic compounds were detected, including 4‐tert‐octylphenol, acetaminophen, caffeine, fluoxetine, gemfibrozil, triclosan, bisphenol A, primidone, carbamazepine and progesterone. Factors such as glass packaging and sparkling water increased the detection and presence of EDs. Fourteen of the 16 identified compounds were detected if the water was bottled in glass; the exceptions were caffeine and acetaminophen. Furthermore, bottled water of international origin had higher concentrations of most EDs than Colombian bottled water. The statistical approaches used are an innovative predictive method for analysing ED concentrations and classifying factors closely correlated with the presence of these compounds.
WHAT CAN EVOLVED MINDS KNOW OF GOD? AN ASSESSMENT FROM THE STANDPOINT OF EVOLUTIONARY EPISTEMOLOGY
Authors: Spurway Neil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHumans can only act successfully in the world because many of their mental concepts of that world—for example, three‐dimensional space—are objectively valid: hence the approach of evolutionary epistemology (EE). An overall world picture, “Umwelt,” is peculiar to each animal species as their sensory functions differ, but the concept of Cause is widespread and fundamental: it leads humans to an idea of God as Cause of creation. But further certain knowledge of God is impossible, theology must be Apophatic: Pseudo‐Dionysius and Wordsworth provide examples. The Apostles’ Creed is considered from the standpoint of EE: its metaphysical claims are meaningless but the human aspects remain wholly acceptable. Fuller theological pictures will be sustainable only on an “as if” basis. Any more positive theological position is increasingly dangerous, and claims of certainty can never be upheld.
Influence of Hole-to-Hole Interaction on the Acoustic Behavior of Multi-Orifice Perforated Plates
Authors: Javareshkian Alireza , Dancelme Alexis , Chen Hongyu , Sattelmayer Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A key factor for developing low-emission combustion systems in modern gas turbines and aero-engines is the acoustic liner's optimized design. Several models are available in the literature for the acoustic impedance of perforated acoustic liners. Most of these impedance models neglect the interaction effect between the orifices. In practice, the orifices are generally closely distributed such that the interactions between acoustic radiation from neighboring orifices can affect their acoustical behavior. The hole-to-hole interaction effect may change the resonance frequency of the resonator due to the nonplanar wave propagation in the cavity, the orifices in the perforated plate, and the near-wall region in the combustor. Considering this effect may help to predict the resonance frequency of the resonator accurately. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) analytical approach is developed to account for the nonplanar wave propagation in the cavity and orifices on the perforated plate. The present study employs the proposed 3D analytical method to determine the hole-to-hole interaction end correction of multi-orifice perforated plates. Additionally, the hole-to-hole interaction end correction from a series of perforated plates with different orifice radii and spacings is obtained via the finite element method. Perforated plate specimens with different center-to-center hole spacing are tested using an impedance tube. Experimental results show that the resonance frequency is shifted toward a lower frequency with decreasing holes' spacing. The resulting model is compared with the experiments and the end-correction models available in the literature. The comparison shows that the available end-correction models cannot capture the hole-to-hole interaction effect, which is observed in experiments. In contrast, the proposed model can reproduce measurements with high quality. The resulting model demonstrates that the acoustic end-correction length for orifices is closely related to the perforated plate's porosity ratio and orifice radius. The proposed model is readily applicable in the design of multi-orifice perforated plates.
Early Wear Fault Dynamics Analysis Method of Gear Coupled Rotor System Based on Dynamic Fractal Backlash
Authors: Pan Wujiu , Ling Liangyu , Qu Haoyong , Wang Minghai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to establish a typical gear coupled rotor system model and give an analysis of the early wear of the tooth surface. The tooth surface wear will cause the change of the backlash. Different from previous studies on the backlash, the backlash in this paper is a dynamic fractal backlash, which is obtained based on the fractal wear model of tooth surfaces. Firstly, based on the FA (Flodin and Andersson) model and our previous studies on the contact analysis of rough surfaces, a fractal wear model of tooth surfaces is established. Then, the system vibration response of embedded dynamic fractal backlash is compared with that of embedded fixed backlash. The results show that the traditional fixed backlash cannot reflect the small changes of the system response, while the dynamic fractal backlash can sensitively reflect changes of dynamic characteristics of the system, so this kind of mathematical model considering dynamic fractal wear will be more conducive to the analysis and prediction of gear wear faults in engineering.
Manipulator Kinematics and Dynamics on Differentiable Manifolds: Part II Dynamics
Authors: Haug Edward J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The manipulator differentiable manifold kinematics formulation presented in Part I of this paper is employed for forward and inverse kinematic analysis and formulation of ordinary differential equations of motion on disjoint, maximal, singularity free, path-connected components of regular configuration space, for a broad spectrum of manipulators. Existence of forward and inverse configuration mappings throughout maximal singularity free manifold components yields analytical forward and inverse velocity mappings. Efficient computational algorithms for forward and inverse configuration and velocity analysis on a time grid are derived for each of three manipulator categories. Manifold parameterizations are used to transform variational equations of motion in manipulator coordinates to second-order ordinary differential equations of manipulator dynamics, with both input and output coordinates as state variables, eliminating the need for ad hoc derivation of equations of motion. Criteria that define manipulator differentiable manifolds are shown to guarantee that the equations of motion derived are well-posed on maximal singularity free components of manipulator configuration space. This process is illustrated by presenting terms required for the evaluation of equations of motion for three model manipulators. It is shown that computation involved in the evaluation of equations of manipulator kinematics and dynamics can be carried out in real-time on modern microprocessors, supporting the in-line implementation of modern methods of manipulator control.
Creep–Fatigue Interaction Effects on Pressure-Reducing Valve Under Cyclic Thermomechanical Loadings Using Direct Cyclic Method
Authors: Cho Nak-Kyun , Choi Youngjae , Chen Haofeng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Supercritical boiler system has been widely used to increase efficiency of electricity generation in power plant industries. However, the supercritical operating condition can seriously affect structural integrity of power plant components due to high temperature that causes degradation of material properties. Pressure reducing valve is an important component being employed within a main steam line of the supercritical boiler, which occasionally thermal-fatigue failure being reported. This research has investigated creep-cyclic plastic behavior of the pressure reducing valve under combined thermomechanical loading using a direct numerical method known as extended direct steady cycle analysis of the linear matching method framework (LMM eDSCA). Finite element model of the pressure-reducing valve is created based on a practical valve dimension and temperature-dependent material properties are applied for the numerical analysis. The simulation results demonstrate a critical loading component that attributes creep-fatigue failure of the valve. Parametric studies confirm the effects of magnitude of the critical loading component on creep deformation and total deformation per loading cycle. With these comprehensive numerical results, this research provides engineer with an insight into possible failure mechanisms of the pressure-reducing valve at high temperature.
Application of the iBox prognostication system as a surrogate endpoint in the TRANSFORM randomised controlled trial: proof-of-concept study
Authors: Aubert Olivier , Divard Gillian , Pascual Julio , Oppenheimer Federico , Sommerer Claudia , Citterio Franco , Tedesco Helio , Chadban Steve , Henry Mitchell , Vincenti Flavio , Srinivas Titte , Watarai Yoshihiko , Legendre Christophe , Bernhardt Peter , Loupy Alexandre 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesDevelopment of pharmaceutical agents in transplantation is currently limited by long waits for hard endpoints. We applied a validated integrative risk-prognostication system integrative Box (iBox) as a surrogate endpoint to the TRANSFORM Study, a large randomised controlled trial, to project individual patient long-term kidney allograft survival from 1 year to 11 years after randomisation.DesignPost-hoc analysis of a randomised open-label controlled trial.SettingMulticentre study including 186 centres in 42 countries worldwide.Participants2037 de novo kidney transplant recipients.InterventionParticipants were randomised (1:1) to receive everolimus with reduced-exposure calcineurin inhibitor (EVR+rCNI) or mycophenolic acid with standard-exposure CNI (MPA+sCNI).Primary outcome measureThe iBox scores were computed for each participant at 1 year after randomisation using functional, immunological and histological parameters. Individual long-term death-censored allograft survival over 4, 6 and 11 years after randomisation was projected with the iBox risk-prognostication system.ResultsOverall, 940 patients receiving EVR+rCNI and 932 receiving MPA+sCNI completed the 1-year visit. iBox scores generated at 1 year yielded graft survival prediction rates of 90.9% vs 92.1%, 87.9% vs 89.5%, and 80.0% vs 82.4% in the EVR+rCNI versus MPA+sCNI arms at 4, 6, and 11 years post-randomisation, respectively (all differences below the 10% non-inferiority margin defined by study protocol). Inclusion of immunological and histological Banff diagnoses parameters in iBox scores resulted in comparable and non-inferior predicted graft survival for both treatments.ConclusionsThis proof-of-concept study provides the first application of a validated prognostication system as a surrogate endpoint in the field of transplantation. The iBox system, by projecting kidney allograft survival up to 11 years post-randomisation, confirms the non-inferiority of EVR+rCNI versus MPA+sCNI regimen. Given the current process engaged for surrogate endpoints qualification, this study illustrates the potential to fast track development of pharmaceutical agents.Trial registration numberTRANSFORM trial:NCT01950819.iBox prognostication system:NCT03474003.