bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial glycocalyx during early reperfusion in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Passov Arie , Schramko Alexey , Salminen Ulla-Stina , Aittomäki Juha , Andersson Sture , Pesonen Eero 
Published: May 2021

Background
Experimental cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury causes degradation of the glycocalyx and coronary washout of its components syndecan-1 and heparan sulfate. Systemic elevation of syndecan-1 and heparan sulfate is well described in cardiac surgery. Still, the events during immediate reperfusion after aortic declamping are unknown both in the systemic and in the coronary circulation.

Methods
In thirty patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, arterial concentrations of syndecan-1 and heparan sulfate were measured immediately before and at one, five and ten minutes after aortic declamping (reperfusion). Parallel blood samples were drawn from the coronary sinus to calculate trans-coronary gradients (coronary sinus–artery).

Results
Compared with immediately before aortic declamping, arterial syndecan-1 increased by 18% [253.8 (151.6–372.0) ng/ml vs. 299.1 (172.0–713.7) ng/ml, p < 0.001] but arterial heparan sulfate decreased by 14% [148.1 (135.7–161.7) ng/ml vs. 128.0 (119.0–138.2) ng/ml, p < 0.001] at one minute after aortic declamping. There was no coronary washout of syndecan-1 or heparan sulfate during reperfusion. On the contrary, trans-coronary sequestration of syndecan-1 occurred at five [-12.96 ng/ml (-36.38–5.15), p = 0.007] and at ten minutes [-12.37 ng/ml (-31.80–6.62), p = 0.049] after reperfusion.

Conclusions
Aortic declamping resulted in extracardiac syndecan-1 release and extracardiac heparan sulfate sequestration. Syndecan-1 was sequestered in the coronary circulation during early reperfusion. Glycocalyx has been shown to degrade during cardiac surgery. Besides degradation, glycocalyx has propensity for regeneration. The present results of syndecan-1 and heparan sulfate sequestration may reflect endogenous restoration of the damaged glycocalyx in open heart surgery.
Determinants of maternal near miss among women admitted to maternity wards of tertiary hospitals in Southern Ethiopia, 2020: A hospital-based case-control study
Authors: Habte Aklilu , Wondimu Merertu 
Published: May 2021

Background
A maternal near-miss (MNM) refers to when a gravely ill woman survives a complication as a result of the standard of care she receives or by chance during gestation, childbirth, or within 42 days of the termination of pregnancy. Rescuers of near-miss events share several features with mothers who have died and identifying MNM determinants will aid in improving the capacity of the health system to reduce severe maternal morbidity and mortality. Ethiopia is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa with high maternal mortality and morbidity, but there is little evidence on determinants of a MNM based on a WHO criteria. Hence, this study aimed at identifying determinants of MNM among women admitted to tertiary hospitals in southern Ethiopia, 2020.

Methods
A facilities-based unmatched case-control study was conducted in five selected tertiary hospitals found in central southern Ethiopia from February 1 to June 1, 2020. A total of 322 (81 cases and 241 controls) study participants were included in the study. At the time of their discharge, cases were recruited consecutively, while controls were selected using a systematic sampling method. The cases were women admitted to hospitals during pregnancy, childbirth, or 42 days following termination of pregnancy who met at least one of the WHO near-miss criteria. Whereas the controls comprised of women who were admitted during pregnancy, childbirth, or 42 days following termination of pregnancy and discharged without severe obstetric complications. Data collection was conducted using the interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and data abstraction tool. The data was coded and entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted and determinants of MNM were established at p-value<0.05.

Results
Severe postpartum hemorrhage (50.6%) and sepsis (23.4%) were the most common reasons for admission of cases. Lack of ANC [AOR = 3.25; 95%CI: 2.21,7.69], prior history of Cesarean section [AOR = 3.53; 95%CI:1.79,6.98], delaying more than 60 minute to access final place of care [AOR = 3.21; 95%CI:1.61,6.39], poor practice of Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) [AOR = 3.31; 95%CI:1.50,7.29], and history of preexisting medical disorders [AOR = 2.79; 95%CI:1.45,5.37] were identified as significantly determinants of maternal near miss.

Conclusion and recommendation
Stakeholders need to enhance their efforts for improving access to roads and transportations. Besides, women who have a prior history of Caesarean section, chronic medical conditions, and no ANC need special attention from their families and health care providers to proactively mitigate the occurrence of serious obstetric complications. More attention has to be paid to birth preparedness and complication readiness activities.
JOHN B. SIMON, STRANGERS IN A STRANGER LAND
Authors: BERNHEIM MARK 
Published: May 2021

This is a book review of "STRANGERS IN A STRANGER LAND: How One Country's Jews Fought an Unwinnable War Alongside Nazi Troops…and Survived"; by John B. Simon; Rowman and Littlefield; 2019 (originally published in Finnish as Mahdoton sota, "The Impossible War," by Siltala Publishing, 2017).
The review was written for the Jewish Book Council by a Professor Emeritus of English and contains both historical and pedagogical reflections on the educational messages emmerging from the book. This is important not only for memory studies and for identity politics but also when looking deep into the complex issues of socialization and education after the WWII. The book contains a story of the contradictory role of Finland's Jewish community in the wars against the Soviet Union and Germany.
Infinitely Many Solutions for the Nonlinear Schrödinger–Poisson System with Broken Symmetry
Authors: Guo Hui , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the following Schrödinger–Poisson system with perturbation:

{

-

Δ
⁢
u

+
u
+

λ
⁢
ϕ
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
u

=

|
u
|

p
-
2

⁢
u

+

g
⁢

(
x
)

,

x
∈

ℝ
3

,

-

Δ
⁢
ϕ

=

u
2

,

x
∈

ℝ
3

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle-\Delta u+u+\lambda\phi(x)u&\displaystyle=% |u|^{p-2}u+g(x),&&\displaystyle x\in\mathbb{R}^{3},\\ \displaystyle-\Delta\phi&\displaystyle=u^{2},&&\displaystyle x\in\mathbb{R}^{3% },\end{aligned}\right.

where

λ
>
0

{\lambda>0}

,

p
∈

(
3
,
6
)

{p\in(3,6)}

and the radial general perturbation term

g
⁢

(
x
)

∈

L

p

p
-
1

⁢

(

ℝ
3

)

{g(x)\in L^{\frac{p}{p-1}}(\mathbb{R}^{3})}

. By establishing a new abstract perturbation theorem based on the Bolle’s method, we prove the existence of infinitely many radial solutions of the above system. Moreover, we give the asymptotic behaviors of these solutions as

λ
→
0

{\lambda\to 0}

. Our results partially solve the open problem addressed in [Y. Jiang, Z. Wang and H.-S. Zhou, Multiple solutions for a nonhomogeneous Schrödinger–Maxwell system in

ℝ
3

\mathbb{R}^{3}

, Nonlinear Anal. 83 2013, 50–57] on the existence of infinitely many solutions of the Schrödinger–Poisson system for

p
∈

(
2
,
4
]

{p\in(2,4]}

and a general perturbation term g.
An adapted integration method for Volterra integral equation of the second kind with weakly singular kernel
Authors: Nemer Ahlem , Kaboul Hanane , Mokhtari Zouhir 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we consider general cases of linear Volterra integral equations under minimal assumptions on their weakly singular kernels and introduce a new product integration method in which we involve the linear interpolation to get a better approximate solution, figure out its effect and also we provide a convergence proof. Furthermore, we apply our method to a numerical example and conclude this paper by adding a conclusion
Dampak Pemaksaan Pembelajaran Daring Dalam Pendidikan Islam Selama Pandemi COVID-19 Perspektif Neurosains
Authors: Rumata Faturrahman 'Arif , Suyadi Suyadi 
Published: May 2021

Online learning in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic was chosen to be a solution in replacing conventional learning which has had a serious impact on students. Limited internet access and the lack of creativity and innovation in the learning concept make students traumatized by education in undergoing the learning process. This paper wants to examine the impact of coercion in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the impact on the brains of students. The research data comes from digital literature such as online news, journals, websites, and online documents. The collected data is then reduced and constructed into a new, whole and fresh concept. Data analysis was performed using content analysis that emphasizes intertextuality and meaning creativity. The results showed that the difficulties of online learning due to limited access and poor learning concepts created new problems for students, namely the weakening of student achievement. Students who are unable to access learning and understand learning material properly are not able to achieve competence. This condition will reduce the quality of education. Keywords: Online Learning, the impact of coercion, COVID-19, Islamic Education AbstrakPembelajaran daring di tengah pandemi COVID-19 dipilih menjadi solusi dalam menggantikan pembelajaran konvensional telah menimbulkan dampak serius bagi para peserta didik. Terbatasnya akses internet dan minimnya kreativitas dan inovasi dalam konsep pembelajaran membuat peserta didik menjadi trauma edukasi dalam menjalani proses pembelajaran. Tulisan ini ingin menguji seberapa besar dampak pemaksaan dalam pembelajaran daring selama masa pandemi COVID-19 serta dampak terhadap otak peserta didik. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari literatur digital seperti, berita online, jurnal, website, maupun dokumen-dokumen online. Data-data yang terkumpul, kemudian direduksi dan dikonstruksi menjadi konsep baru yang utuh dan fresh. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis isi yang mengedepankan intertekstualitas dan meaning creativity. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa kesulitan pembelajaran daring akibat keterbatasan akses dan konsep pembelajaran yang buruk menimbulkan masalah baru bagi para peserta didik yakni melemahnya prestasi belajar siswa. Siswa yang tidak mampu mengakses pembelajaran dan memahami materi pembelajaran dengan baik sama dengan tidak dapat mencapai kompetensi. Kondisi ini akan menurunkan mutu pendidikan. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Daring, Dampak Pemaksaan, COVID-19, Pendidikan Islam
Socioeconomic Disadvantage and the Pace of Biological Aging in Children
Authors: Raffington Laurel , Belsky Daniel W. , Kothari Meeraj , Malanchini Margherita , Tucker-Drob Elliot M. , Harden K. Paige 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Children who grow up in socioeconomic disadvantage face increased burden of disease and disability throughout their lives. One hypothesized mechanism for this increased burden is that early-life disadvantage accelerates biological processes of aging, increasing vulnerability to subsequent disease. To evaluate this hypothesis and the potential impact of preventive interventions, measures are needed that can quantify early acceleration of biological aging in childhood.

METHODS:
Saliva DNA methylation and socioeconomic circumstances were measured in N = 600 children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years (48% female) participating in the Texas Twin Project. We measured pace of biological aging using the DunedinPoAm DNA methylation algorithm, developed to quantify the pace-of-aging–related decline in system integrity. We tested if children in more disadvantaged families and neighborhoods exhibited a faster pace of aging as compared with children in more affluent contexts.

RESULTS:
Children living in more disadvantaged families and neighborhoods exhibited a faster DunedinPoAm-measured pace of aging (r = 0.18; P = .001 for both). Latinx-identifying children exhibited a faster DunedinPoAm-measured pace of aging compared with both White- and Latinx White–identifying children, consistent with higher levels of disadvantage in this group. Children with more advanced pubertal development, higher BMI, and more tobacco exposure exhibited faster a faster DunedinPoAm-measured pace of aging. However, DunedinPoAm-measured pace of aging associations with socioeconomic disadvantage were robust to control for these factors.

CONCLUSIONS:
Children growing up under conditions of socioeconomic disadvantage exhibit a faster pace of biological aging. DNA methylation pace of aging might be useful as a surrogate end point in evaluation of programs and policies to address the childhood social determinants of lifelong health disparities.
Coagulase negative Staphylococcus bacteremia in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: Clinical features and molecular characterization
Authors: Chebbi Yosra , Frigui Siwar , Raddaoui Anis , Belloumi Dorra , Lakhal Amel , Torjemane Lamia , Ben Abeljelil Nour , Ladeb Saloua , Ben Othmen Tarek , El Fatmi Rym , Achour Wafa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to investigate the epidemiology of coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) responsible for bacteremia in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and to determine the prevalence and the genetic background of methicillin resistance. The prevalence of CoNS bacteremia was 7.4% (54/728), higher in allograft (10.7%) than in autograft (4.7%) recipients. A sepsis or a septic shock were observed in 9% of cases. No deaths were attributable to CoNS bacteremia. The methicillin resistance rate was 81%. All MR-CoNS, harbored mecA gene and 90% were typeable with SCCmec typing using PCR amplification. The SCCmec type IV was the most frequent (44%). Clonal dissemination of MR- Staphylococcus epidermidis strains was limited. Our study showed a low prevalence and favorable outcome of CoNS bacteremia in HSCT recipients with limited clonal diffusion. However, they were associated with a significant rate of severe infections and a high rate of methicillin resistance, mediated by SCCmec IV element in most cases.
Zur Geschichte der ungarischen Rezeption Albrecht von Hallers •
Authors: Latzkovits Miklós 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDer Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit der Rezeptionsgeschichte der Gedichte Albrecht von Hallers im Ungarn des 18. Jahrhunderts. Als Grundlage für die Untersuchung dienen die Haller-Zitate in zeitgenössischen Stammbucheinträgen. Mit dieser Frage setzten sich zwar sowohl deutsche als auch ungarische Forscher schon früher auseinander, jedoch, wie im vorliegenden Aufsatz behauptet wird, unter Anwendung einer gewissermaßen falschen Methode. Es wurde nämlich in diesen früheren Arbeiten nicht näher darauf eingegangen, ob das Zitat gegebenenfalls einer sekundären Quelle entnommen wurde. Dieser Ansatz führte jedoch zu falschen Schlussfolgerungen. Vorliegender Aufsatz versucht, die aus sekundären Quellen stammenden Zitate von jenen aus dem „Original“ zu unterscheiden. Es wird festgestellt, dass die in Stammbucheinträgen im 18. Jahrhundert zu lesenden Haller-Zitate überwiegend aus nachweislich sekundären Quellen herzuleiten sind. Je „berühmter“ ein Autor war – diesen Eindruck gewinnt man anhand des Korpus –, umso mehr zitieren ihn die Zeitgenossen aus indirekten Quellen.
MODELO DE COMPETÊNCIA DOCENTE DIGITAL
Authors: Perin Eloni dos Santos , Freitas Maria do Carmo Duarte , Coelho Taiane Ritta 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: A competência docente digital é recente nos debates científicos no Brasil. Essa temática encontra-se em expansão e está relacionado à utilização das tecnologias digitais na educação, especialmente com o ensino remoto em tempo de pandemia do Coronavírus. Por isso, tem o objetivo de identificar na literatura quais são as competências digitais ao trabalho docente. Métodos: O tema é discutido a partir da literatura internacional, com abordagem mista, ou seja, possui aspectos quantitativos que utiliza o método de análise bibliométrica e qualitativa com análise de conteúdo.Para isso, foram selecionados 120 artigos das bases Web of Science, Scopus e Science Direct, com busca realizada com o termo competência docente digital, no idioma inglês e com filtro temporal de 2015 a 2020. Resultados: identificam-se os termos que são utilizados para expressar a integração da tecnologia digital à educação e representam a competência digital. Uma análise de conteúdo indica que uma profissão é docente, são seis categorias de competência digital, que envolve o manuseio de ferramentas digitais, habilidades de informação e comunicação, conhecimentos e habilidades para usar ou competências pedagógicas, para autodesenvolver-se e para tratar das questões socioculturais que permeiam o trabalho docente. Conclusão: As categorias identificadas um modelo ainda inexplorado de competências docentes digitais.
Accidentes del trabajo y relaciones de producción: Una crítica sociológica a los factores subjetivos como explicación hegemónica de la causalidad de los accidentes en el trabajo
Authors: Montero Marcelo 
Published: May 2021

Introducción: el abordaje contemporáneo de los accidentes del trabajo está constituido por un corpus de referencia que analiza la cuestión a partir del plano subjetivo. Existe una laguna en el pensamiento sociológico regional respecto de su tratamiento.
Objetivo: a partir del estudio de los accidentes laborales como un hecho social, apuntamos a desmitificar los mecanismos de análisis centrados en el comportamiento individual y en el factor humano.
Método: estudio cuantitativo de las estadísticas nacionales de accidentes del trabajo reportadas en Argentina.
Resultados: existe una tendencia a la concentración de los accidentes de mayor gravedad en los trabajos peor remunerados y a la convergencia de estos en regiones con mayor concentración de pobreza.
Discusión: la producción de los accidentes laborales, cuya tendencia se reitera en un grupo social dado, solamente puede ser explicada sociológicamente, como algo que está en función de determinadas condiciones sociales, como una representación colectiva y no por motivaciones individuales.
Conclusión: Los accidentes del trabajo son fenómenos sociales caracterizados por su potencialidad de coerción. La probabilidad que un individuo sea expuesto a condiciones que conduzcan a un accidente estará condicionada por la división del trabajo, la estructura social y el lugar que ocupa en las relaciones de producción.
Imunização contra a influenza em idosos residentes em áreas rurais ribeirinhas: implicação dos achados frente à pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Andrade Anny Beatriz Costa Antony de , Albuquerque Bernardino Claudio de , Garnelo Luiza , Herkrath Fernando 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Identificar a proporção de idosos não vacinados e os motivos que interferem na imunização contra a influenza em localidades rurais ribeirinhas e potenciais implicações na vacinação contra COVID-19. Método: Inquérito transversal de base domiciliar realizado em 38 localidades rurais ribeirinhas da margem esquerda do rio Negro, Manaus, Amazonas. Os idosos selecionados responderam a um questionário que investigou as condições de vida, saúde e acesso aos serviços de saúde. Para este estudo foram selecionados os desfechos relacionados à imunização contra a Influenza nos últimos 12 meses e o principal motivo alegado pelos que não tomaram a vacina. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados, seguida de análise de regressão logística para identificar os fatores associados à não vacinação. Resultados: Dos 102 idosos incluídos no estudo, 28 (27,5%) referiram não vacinação contra a influenza no ano anterior. Os principais motivos foram relacionados à falta de informação sobre a vacinação (60,71%) e às barreiras de acesso aos serviços de saúde (28,58%). Foi identificada maior chance de não vacinação entre os idosos que não consultaram o médico no último ano (RC=4,18; IC95%=1,57-11,11) e entre aqueles com maior renda domiciliar (RC=1,08; IC95%=1,02-1,14). Conclusão: Foi identificada uma elevada proporção de idosos não imunizados contra a influenza. Os motivos referidos para a não vacinação podem persistir e interferir negativamente na vacinação deste grupo contra a COVID-19. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário reordenar o planejamento da vacinação em contextos rurais ribeirinhos, de forma a oferecer uma cobertura adequada à um dos principais grupos de risco para doenças respiratórias.
Early cardiovascular sympathetic reflex activation is independent of occlusion time during reactive hyperemia
Authors: López-Galán Erislandis , Andreu-Heredia Adán , Carrazana-Escalona Ramón , Querts Méndez Odalis , Naranjo Juan Carlos García , Lazo-Herrera Luis Alberto , Muñoz-Bustos Gustavo Alejandro , Albarrán-Torres Felipe Antonio , Sanchez-Hechavarria Miguel Enrique 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of occlusion time in dynamic changes of autonomic activation during reactive hyperemia.
Methods: Healthy subjects (n = 30) in the age range of 18–25 years participated in this study. Vascular reactivity was assessed by measuring the dynamic changes in finger pulse volume amplitude (PVA) and pulse transit time relative to the RR intervals in the test (occluded arm) and control arm (contralateral non-occluded arm) during 1, 3 and 5 minute of occlusion using two separate Photoplethysmographic sensors. Heart Rate Variability was computed from a simultaneously acquired ECG signal to monitor the dynamic changes in cardiac autonomic nervous activity. Time-varying analysis of all signals were shown every 1 second in average response graphs.
Results: Time-varying analysis of vascular and autonomic response during reactive hyperemia demonstrated the presence of a characteristic response pattern with an increase in the Sympathetic index and a decrease in Parasympathetic index at 8 to 10 seconds, an increase in heart rate at 20 seconds and a progressive increase in PVA during the first 60 seconds after occlusion regardless of the time spent in the procedure. Moreover, a decrease in pulse transits time relative to RR intervals, followed by an increase regardless of the occlusion time was evidenced.
Conclusions: Early cardiovascular sympathetic activation is independent of occlusion time during reactive hyperemia, which suggests this is a vascular autonomic reflex response involved in the generation of the physiological phenomenon of reactive hyperemia.
Wellness Constraints Among International University Students Transitioning Through Covid 19
Authors: Et. al. Mr J Dorasamy, 
Published: May 2021

The World Health Organization (Who) In March 2020 Declared Covid 19 A Pandemic, Due To The Global And Rapid Spread Of A Novel Coronavirus (Who, 2020). The Covid 19 Pandemic Being Highly Infectious And Unpredictable, Has Disrupted Social, Economic, Environmental And Political Spheres Of Life. Globally, People Have Ventured Into A “Lockdown World”, Increasing Uncertainty About Their Future Amidst The Covid 19 Pandemic. As A Result Of The Pandemic, Social Alteration Has Taken The Form Of Social Distancing, Self-Isolation And Self-Quarantine. Many Were Unprepared For The Shift From The “Normal”, Propelling Undue Stress Under The New Normal Way Of Doing Things During The Current Global Pandemic Crisis. This Has Been Accompanied By Social, Emotional And Mental Effects, As The Ongoing And Fluid Nature Of The Pandemic Has Created Uncertainty For Many People. The Covid 19 Pandemic, As A Multidimensional Stressor Affecting Wellbeing, Has Affected Individuals, Families, Educational, Occupational, And Broader Societal Systems.