bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the inter-basin water diversion project-effected local flood risk factor by using the fishbone-diagram method
Authors: Minglei Ren , Liuqian Ding , Gang Wang , Guangyuan Kan , Xiaodi Fu , YaFeng Zhu , Liping Zhao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
When carrying out the inter-basin water diversion project, we must face problems such as the long river routing distance and complex hydro-meteorological conditions along the main channel. Under the condition of the unchangeable standard of the designed rainstorm, the changes of the underlying surface could inflect the designed flood. As a result, the drainage channel is not as consistent as the designed condition, therefore the flood discharge condition in the upper and lower sub-reaches changes, and the actual flow capacity of the hydraulic structure is reduced compared with the designed conditions. The above-mentioned situations could cause risk event of the rising of designed flood level in the left bank and will cause local flood risk, and also cause corresponding economic losses and social impacts. In this study, for the first time, the fishbone-diagram method is applied to identify the local flood risk factors of the inter-basin water diversion project. By using this method, the changes of characteristic values of watershed above cross section, villages, factories or other buildings at the outlet location of the drainage structures etc. are identified as the local flood risk factors, and there are mainly eight types of local flood risk factors which can be taken into consideration when selecting engineering and non-engineering measures to reduce or eliminate the risk factors.

PACS: J0101
Comparative Analysis of Monitoring Results of a Pumped-storage Diversion Bifurcated Pipe with and without Hydraulic Pressure Test
Authors: Gang Cui , Hainian Shan , shulan Wang , xiaochuang Ding 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The diversion system of a pumped-storage power station has a high water head, and its steel bifurcated pipe has a complex hydraulic structure. When the steel bifurcated pipe is assembled, a hydraulic pressure test needs to be performed to release the residual pressure inside the structure, so as to make sure the steel bifurcated pipe will be in good operation condition when the flow channel is filled with water. The bifurcated pipe is provided with deformation, stress and osmotic pressure monitoring items, which are able to meet the requirements for safe monitoring of the steel bifurcated pipe during operation. Based on the hydraulic pressure test of the steel bifurcated pipe of ➁ diversion system and the prototype monitoring data, it is unnecessary to perform hydraulic pressure test for the steel bifurcated pipe of ➀ diversion system. According to the prototype monitoring data feedback after filling ➀ diversion system with water for operation, the steel bifurcated pipe meets the design requirements, and it is in good operation condition, which shortens the construction period and saves cost for the project.
Analysis on regional differences of water use efficiency rigid constraints and countermeasures in Zhejiang Province
Authors: Su Longqiang , Gao Shang , Yao Shuiping , Su Fei , Chen Yan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the implementation of the most stringent water resources management system, rigid constraints on water resources have gradually increased, the total amount of water used has been effectively controlled. In order to quantify the strength of rigid constraints on water resources, the concept of rigid constraints on water efficiency was proposed, and the constraints on industrial and agricultural water efficiency targets and regional differences in 11 districted cities in Zhejiang Province were analyzed, and the target constraints in the industrial and agricultural water use were comprehensively considered through scenario analysis. Seven types of areas, including industrial and agricultural strong control, agricultural main control, and industrial main control are drawn, and countermeasures for optimizing water resources and water-saving management for different types of areas are put forward to further improve the level of water resources management in Zhejiang Province.
Research on the Key Feature Selection of Supercharger Based on Relief-F Arithmetic
Authors: Guomin Liao , Hujing  , Guichuan Hu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Gas-jet supercharger is the core equipment of underground gas storage, whose working performance directly affects the working state of gas storage. Therefore, Relief-F algorithm was used to select the key features to determine the key factors causing the failure of the supercharger. Collecting the main state categories and related characteristic parameters of the supercharger, and calculating the feature scores for the normalized sample set by Relief-F algorithm. At the same time, ranking the feature scores and removing the feature whose importance score is less than the threshold value. Eleven key features, such as engine exhaust temperature I and engine exhaust temperature bar, were obtained, which provide a basis for the fault identification of supercharger.
Research on the Influence of Atmospheric Vertical Refraction on Trigonometric Leveling Survey in Qinling Mountains
Authors: Han Wei , Han Shidong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Atmospheric refraction error is one of the main factors affecting the accuracy of precision trigonometric levelling. The influence of it on height difference rises sharply with the increase of horizontal distance. In this paper, the elevation control survey data of Qinling mountains is used to calculate the atmospheric refraction coefficients among the areas in winter and summer, using the method of geometric levelling inverse calculation. Through the analysis of the change law of atmospheric refractive coefficient, the influence of atmospheric vertical refractive coefficient on trigonometric levelling in the Qinling Mountains is summarized, which provides a reference for trigonometric levelling in similar environments.
Research on Unsaturated Test of Residual Clay in Southeast Coast
Authors: haining Liu , qian Wang , shungui Liu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Typhoon rainfall is the main inducing factor of landslide disasters in Fujian Province. Rainfall infiltration causes changes in dynamic parameters such as water content of slope rock and soil and surface displacement. The disaster process of landslide disaster has the characteristics of rapid occurrence, short process, and no obvious signs of deformation, so it is difficult to pre-determine the hazard body. Original samples of residual cohesive soil were sampled on site, and an indoor unsaturated strength test was carried out. The influence of changes in moisture content caused by rainfall on the strength characteristics of residual cohesive soil was analyzed. The test results showed that the shear strength of the disabled cohesive soil varies with the strength characteristics of the residual cohesive soil. It differs depending on the water content. The smaller the water content, the greater the matrix suction of the soil, and the greater the shear strength, which is of great significance for subsequent studies on the mechanism of landslide hazards.
Post-Project Analysis Modeling of Environmental Impacts of Coal Mining Based on Structural Entropy Weight-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Xiao-xing Li , Jun-kai Du , Yao Fu , Jing-Jun Liu , Ya-xiao Di , Bo Pang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A significant move in the implementation of the ecological civilization construction is to establish a complete post-project analysis model and give full play to its function in environmental management. Starting from the index system established under the PSR framework and the comprehensive assessment method, a post-project analysis (PPA) model was constructed for the environmental impacts of coal mining based on the structural entropy weight-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the structural entropy weight method and judging principle of effectiveness of the maximum membership degree were introduced into the model, so that the comprehensive assessment results were reasonable. Through an example analysis, the assessment results basically coincided with the reality, thus verifying the effectiveness of the assessment model.
Force analysis of fabricated box girder bridge based on auxiliary structure
Authors: Tian Jun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Prefabricated small box girder bridges have been widely used in urban viaducts and highway bridges at home and abroad. Concrete deck paving and guardrails are well bonded to the main girder, which contributes to the rigidity of the main girder structure. Ignoring the influence of the auxiliary structure of the bridge deck will cause a certain deviation between the structure and the actual state. This paper takes the prefabricated box girder bridge as an example, using the finite element method to analyze the variation of the lateral distribution coefficient of the bridge deck and guardrail and the degree of influence on the main girder force. The calculation results show that the bridge deck pavement has little effect on the lateral distribution coefficient of the main girder, the increase in the rigidity of the main girder by the guardrail cannot be ignored, and the difference in the bearing capacity and stress of the side main girder is significant.
Calculation and Analysis of the Stability of Steel Lining Structure of the Flat Tunnel Manhole in a High-head Power Station
Authors: Li Gaohui , Yang Fei , Yu Xuesong , Wu Du , Wang Huan , Liang Shengchen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article is based on finite element calculation software for finite element model establishment and meshing. Through the stability calculation of the steel lining structure at the connection part of the flat tunnel manhole and main pipe in the diversion water of a high-head hydropower station, it is concluded that the structural design meets the requirements. The calculation result can be a reference for similar projects.
Market Mechanism Framework Design and Prospect of Potential Business Mode Research of Virtual Power Plant for Promoting Clean Energy Development
Authors: Fei Fei , Lin Gujing , Wang Jianjun , Gao Ciwei , Guo Mingxing , Lv Ran , Wang Su 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the high proportion and penetration access of clean energy to the power grid, the difficulty of clean power consumption is intensified. The emergence of virtual power plant (VPP) with significant regulatory potential provides a new path to solve the severe problem caused by the rapid development of clean energy. However, the design of VPP transaction varieties and the construction of market mode have not been maturely established at present, which is not conducive to the long-term development of VPP. First of all, this paper designed the transaction varieties that VPP can provide in the power market and ancillary service market. Secondly, the basic framework of VPP participating in market transactions under the promotion of spot market is designed. Finally, the prospects of potential business modes of VPP including providing smart energy services, providing big data value-added services, participating in carbon trading and peer-to-peer energy-trading market are explored, which can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of market participation, realize the sustainable development of VPPs and finally promote the consumption of clean energy.
Application of Iterative Feedback Tuning Method in Superheated Steam Temperature Control System
Authors: Zhou Hui , Zhang Biao , Cao Na 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Taking a 600 MW supercritical once-through boiler as the study object, this paper designed an IFT-based two-degree-of-freedom (DOF) PID superheated steam temperature control system. Besides, the IFT-PID controller was formed and compared with the conventional tuning method. The simulation results show that this method can be successfully applied to great-inertia and large-lag controlled objects, with evident superiority.
Research on classification method of new energy vehicle information security risk assessment
Authors: Chong Tonghong , Jia Xianfeng , Wu Zhi , Zhao Hao , Liu Tianyu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development and popularization of intelligent Internet connected vehicle, the automobile and the physical world are combined together, which makes users have strong technology experience and life convenience. While enjoying the convenience and experience brought by the intelligent Internet connected vehicle, we are also faced with the risk of information security in the network world, even the security problems of the network world directly affect the security of the physical world. With the improvement of automobile ‘four modernizations’, the research on information security has become an important topic and research hotspot in the field of automobile. Risk assessment is one of the important research and work contents of automobile information security. Impact valuation is an important indicator of risk assessment. It is very important to determine the optimal cluster number for risk assessment model and risk assessment. In this paper, the fuzzy clustering impact estimates are divided into 2-12 categories during Evergrande’s risk assessment of an electric vehicle. The optimal number of clusters is determined by calculating the mixed F-statistics of each type of data. Conclusion shows that the best clustering number of impact estimates is 5.
Economic analysis and business model exploration of hydrogen transport – Case study of heavy-duty FCV demonstration in China
Authors: Xing Lu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Hydrogen is considered an important future energy to achieve a carbon neutral energy system, and transport is the most mature area to start a hydrogen economy. China proposed new policies in 2020 to encourage the development of FCV especially in heavy-duty transport, however little research can provide appropriate framework and practical data for the economic analysis of such demonstration, to provide important and rational support for the decision making of local government. This paper introduces a planned heavy-duty FCV demonstration project in city A, provides a framework for its economic analysis as well as practical data from FCV manufacturers, hydrogen producers and suppliers. Results show comprehensive investment required for such demonstration project, cash flow for the planning period and key impacting factors considering the whole circle of hydrogen production-transmission-refilling-utility. Findings show that FCV application shows better profitability than the hydrogen supply business, and long-term FCV planning targets are crucial to all practical business models; Capex reduction is the common and crucial element to realize commercial application of hydrogen transport, and hydrogen supply chain should be integrated to reduce the overall hydrogen cost.
Mechanism and benefit analysis of resource optimal allocation of China’s trans-provincial and trans-regional power trading
Authors: Lu Yu , Meng Fanbo , Hao Chengliang , Yang Jingying , Song Lei , Tian Zihao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Trans-provincial and trans-regional power transactions can optimize the allocation of power resources in China, which has important value. However, due to the lack of in-depth and accurate understanding of the mechanism of resource optimal allocation of trans-provincial and trans-regional power trading, the application effect of trans-provincial and trans-regional power trading is not ideal. This paper analyzes the types and channels of trans-provincial and trans-regional power transactions, then analyzes the mechanism of resource optimization allocation of trans-provincial and trans-regional power transactions. Finally, taking the East China power grid as an example, the paper analyzes the benefits of the optimal allocation of trans-provincial and trans-regional power transaction resources.
A generalized Contou-Carrère symbol and its reciprocity laws in higher dimensions
Authors: Braunling Oliver , Groechenig Michael , Wolfson Jesse 
Published: August 2021

We generalize Contou-Carrère symbols to higher dimensions. To an

(
n
+
1
)

(n+1)

-tuple

f
0

,
…
,

f
n

∈
A
(
(

t
1

)
)
⋯
(
(

t
n

)

)

×

f_0,\dots ,f_n \in A((t_1))\cdots ((t_n))^{\times }

, where

A
A

denotes an algebra over a field

k
k

, we associate an element

(

f
0

,
…
,

f
n

)
∈

A

×

(f_0,\dots ,f_n) \in A^{\times }

, extending the higher tame symbol for

k
=
A

k = A

, and earlier constructions for

n
=
1

n = 1

by Contou-Carrère, and

n
=
2

n = 2

by Osipov–Zhu. It is based on the concept of higher commutators for central extensions by spectra. Using these tools, we describe the higher Contou-Carrère symbol as a composition of boundary maps in algebraic

K
K

-theory, and prove a version of Parshin–Kato reciprocity for higher Contou-Carrère symbols.
Nonmemory Composite Embedded Performance Validity Formulas in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Lace John W , Merz Zachary C , Galioto Rachel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective
Research regarding performance validity tests (PVTs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is scant, with recommended batteries for neuropsychological evaluations in this population lacking suggestions to include PVTs. Moreover, limited work has examined embedded PVTs in this population. As previous investigations indicated that nonmemory-based embedded PVTs provide clinical utility in other populations, this study sought to determine if a logistic regression-derived PVT formula can be identified from selected nonmemory variables in a sample of patients with MS.

Method
A total of 184 patients (M age = 48.45; 76.6% female) with MS were referred for neuropsychological assessment at a large, Midwestern academic medical center. Patients were placed into “credible” (n = 146) or “noncredible” (n = 38) groups according to performance on standalone PVT. Missing data were imputed with HOTDECK.

Results
Classification statistics for a variety of embedded PVTs were examined, with none appearing psychometrically appropriate in isolation (areas under the curve [AUCs] = .48–.64). Four exponentiated equations were created via logistic regression. Six, five, and three predictor equations yielded acceptable discriminability (AUC = .71–.74) with modest sensitivity (.34–.39) while maintaining good specificity (≥.90). The two predictor equation appeared unacceptable (AUC = .67).

Conclusions
Results suggest that multivariate combinations of embedded PVTs may provide some clinical utility while minimizing test burden in determining performance validity in patients with MS. Nonetheless, the authors recommend routine inclusion of several PVTs and utilization of comprehensive clinical judgment to maximize signal detection of noncredible performance and avoid incorrect conclusions. Clinical implications, limitations, and avenues for future research are discussed.
Social Media Information Environments and Their Implications for the Uses and Effects of News: The PINGS Framework
Authors: Kümpel Anna Sophie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Social media have become a central source for news and current affairs information. This article focuses on the overarching attributes that shape how people come in contact with news, engage with news, and are affected by news on social media. Although all social media are different and change constantly, news experiences on these platforms can consistently be characterized as personalized, incidental, non-exclusive, as well as granularized and social (PINGS). Accordingly, this article introduces the PINGS framework, which acts as a systematization of social media news experiences and can be used to map key opportunities and challenges of using news across various social media platforms. In addition to presenting the framework components, the article also discusses how researchers can investigate PINGS in empirical studies.
A new leadless pacemaker with atrioventricular synchronous pacing replacing a still working VVI leadless pacemaker: a case report
Authors: Moltrasio Massimo , Sicuso Rita , Tundo Fabrizio , Tondo Claudio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
A new intracardiac leadless pacemaker (ILP) has been developed to ensure atrioventricular (AV) synchrony (AVS) during ventricular pacing (VP). Recent studies have shown the feasibility and safety of accelerometer-based atrial sensing and an improvement in AVS among patients with atrioventricular block implanted with the Micra AV ILP (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA). However, no data exists about the benefits of a VDD ILP in patients wearing a still working VVI Nanostim ILP (St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN, USA). We describe the feasibility of the procedure and the absence of device-related adverse events in the short-term follow-up.

Case summary
We present the case of a 72-year-old man implanted with a VVI ILP (Nanostim, St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN, USA) on May 2014, who has developed symptomatic high percentage of VVI asynchronous pacing and was treated with an upgrade to synchronous AV pacemaker (PM) ILP—Micra AV (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA), which has improved symptoms and functional class.

Discussion
Intracardiac leadless pacemakers represent the best current option for patients requiring PM implantation who are at high risk of infection and bleeding. Our case shows that the new AVS ILP is a good alternative to VVI ILP in patients with sinus rhythm and a strong need for VP.
Normal procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and negative blood cultures in infective endocarditis with a massive residual vegetation: a case report
Authors: Farandzha Dzhem , Shikerova Petranka , Lazarova Gergana , Hazarbasanov Dobri 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection with high morbidity and mortality that involves the endocardial lining of the heart. Most cases of IE are due to bacteria although other atypical micro-organisms can also be involved. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a biomarker that is used in the diagnosis of bacterial infections.

Case summary
We present the case of a 54-year-old patient with bacterial endocarditis who has been regularly visiting his cardiologist for follow-up on a mitral valve prolapse and moderate mitral regurgitation (MR) for the last 11 years. During his last visit, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed a previously non-existent structure on the posterior mitral valve leaflet with severe MR. Blood cultures were positive for Streptococcus viridans. On admission, he had elevated levels of PCT and C-reactive protein which returned to normal values after 4 weeks of intravenous antibiotic therapy. His follow-up blood cultures, taken after normalization of PCT, did not show bacterial growth; however, on TTE he had severe mitral regurgitation and a persistent vegetation which had slightly increased in size after completion of the full antibiotic course. He was referred for mitral valve replacement surgery.

Discussion
Normalization of procalcitonin levels may correlate with negative blood cultures in cases of IE with residual vegetations. The optimal time for surgery in such patients is difficult to define but even in circumstances with less infective organisms such as S. viridans and late in the course of the disease residual vegetations remain a serious risk factor for embolic events. Randomized controlled clinical trials are needed in order to have better recommendations with solid evidence regarding prophylaxis and treatment in IE.