bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Nitrogen-doped graphene synthesized from orange peel as highly effective adsorbent for removal of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) from aqueous solutions
Authors: Khoshnoodfar Arash , Bahramifar Nader , Younesi Habibollah 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the current research is to investigate the adsorption process behavior of magnetic nitrogen doped graphene (MNG) prepared from the orange peel in the adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) from liquid solution in batch experiments. The characteristics results of VSM, FTIR, SEM, AFM, Raman, elemental analysis and BET surface area analysis revealed the successful synthesis nano adsorbent. The effective factors on adsorption performance were including adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, pH and initial concentration of SDBS. The Maximum adsorption capacity for SDBS is computed to be 556 mg/g at 45 ◦C and pH of 3. The adsorption process of SDBS was found that fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations. Thermodynamic analysis proved the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. Furthermore, the SDBS can be desorbed from the fabricated nano adsorbent by methanol solution with 88 % desorption efficiency and MNG indicated good reusability after five cycles. The finding from this research, propose that the as-synthesized MNG could be an effective adsorbent for water and wastewater treatment because of its convenient process and magnetic separation.
Multi-Objective Location-Allocation-Routing Problem of Perishable Multi-Product Supply Chain With Direct Shipment and Open Routing Possibilities Under Sustainability
Authors: Mahmoodirad Ali , Fishani Behzad Aghaei , Niroomand Sadegh , Fallah Mohammad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study a multi-objective formulation is proposed for designing a supply chain of perishable products including suppliers, plants, distributors, and customers under sustainable development. In addition to the studies of the literature, direct shipment between producers and customers and also alternative products possibility are allowed. In this problem the objectives like facilities establishment costs, transportation costs, negative environmental impacts, and social impact (fixed and variable employment rates) are optimized simultaneously. As in real situations, most of the transportation activities of such supply chain are performed by hiring transportation devices, the open routing logic is applied to form the travelling path of each hired transportation device. Furthermore, the possibility of direct shipment from the plants to the customers is considered in order to increase profitability of the plants. Because of the NP-hard nature of the supply chain design problems, some meta-heuristic solution approaches of the literature are modified to multi-objective form and applied to solve the problem. Several test problems from small to large sizes are generated randomly to evaluate the meta-heuristic algorithms. As a result, among the proposed algorithms, the multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (MGWO) perform better than others by considering four well-known evaluation metrics. At the end, a case study from perishable products supply chain of Iran is solved and analyzed to show the applicability of the proposed problem.
Catalase Catalyses the Conversion of Ultraviolet-B Radiation Into Heat: Unexpected Role for Microorganisms in Sea Ice Melting and Sea Surface Warming
Authors: Moreno Cosme Marcos 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Catalase under ultraviolet-B radiation (CATUVB) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the role of that surprising photoactivity in CAT still remains uncertain. On the other hand, it is well-known that CAT breaking down a steady source of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) becomes inactive due to compound II formation (CII), which results in typical changes in its absorption spectrum. On the basis of CII formation, here I show first that CATUVB produces and breaks down H2O2, via which UVB is converted into heat. I then show that CATUVB thermogenesis accelerates the ice melting and warms the medium. From data to nature, CAT converting harmful UVB into advantageous heat in microorganisms would be responsible for a hidden biogeochemical thermogenesis process under the ozone layer control with effects on sea ice melting and sea surface warming in cold regions.
Rare Presentation of Retroperitoneal Leiomyosarcoma Mimicking a Myoma in a 46-year-old Woman: A Case Report
Authors: Akhavan Setareh , Peydayesh Mohadese , alizadeh shima , Zamani Fatemeh , Zamani Narges 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) are relatively uncommon, constituting only 10 to 15 percent of all soft tissue sarcomas. Case presentation: We share our experience in encountering RPL with vascular and urethral adhesion in the operation room in a 46-year-old woman, whom was scheduled for surgery as a case of leiomyoma.Huge solid retroperitoneal mass (16*12*11 cm) was detected in right broad ligament which was attached to the pelvic floor and seemed to be separated from uterus. Because of a dense adhesion of the tumor to the ureter and vessels tearing of internal iliac vein and ureteral injury occurred during dissection that was repaired. Pathologic examination revealed grade II / III leiomyosarcoma with mitotic rate 12 / 10 HPF, including atypical forms. she candidates for radiation. Conclusion: This case report describes the clinical, imaging, surgical and histopathological findings of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. Due to the rarity of these tumors and the complexity of treatment, evaluation and management should ideally be carried out in a center with multidisciplinary expertise in the treatment of sarcomas.
Transcriptome and Metabolome-based Analysis of Anthocyanidin Biosynthesis in Purple Pepper
Authors: Meng Yaning , Zhang Hongxiao , Fan Yanqin , Yan Libin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to clarify the profile of gene expression and metabolites for color formation and the molecular mechanism of anthocyanidin accumulation in purple pepper fruits, we analyzed the anthocyanidin metabolome data of the fruits of 2 purple pepper lines and 1 green pepper line and detected a total of 5 anthocyanidin-like metabolites, of which delphin chloride was unique to purple pepper fruits and 3 other anthocyanidin-like substances shared the metabolic pathway ko00942 and were up-regulated. Based on the transcriptome data, three pathways (ko00360, ko00400, and ko00941) related to anthocyanidin metabolism were identified through KEGG analysis. Three enzymes (DFR, ANS, and UFGT) and three transcription factors (MYB, BHLH, and WD40) in the purple pepper anthocyanidin biosynthetic pathway were up-regulated. We proposed a model to explain the regulation of pepper anthocyanidin biosynthesis: MYB, BHLH, and WD40 formed a ternary complex and bound to the specific cis-acting elements in the promoter region of the structural genes related to anthocyanidin biosynthesis to directly regulate their transcription, which resulted in the accumulation of a large amount of anthocyanidin metabolites including delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside, and delphin chloride, giving color to pepper fruits. This study clarified the metabolic pathways and key genes affecting the color of purple pepper fruits and provided new insights into the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanidins in pepper fruits.
Clinical Study of the Novel Antiseptic Olanexidine Gluconate in Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Kubo Naoki , Furusawa Norihiko , Takeuchi Daisuke , Imai Shinichiro , Masuo Hitoshi , Umemura Kentaro , Terada Masaru 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication of digestive surgery .Olanexidine gluconate (OLG) is a novel developed skin antiseptic and effective against a wide range of bacteria. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of OLG in gastrointestinal cancer surgery.
Methods

This retrospective study included a total of 281patients who underwent gastrointestinal cancer surgery (stomach or colon). There were two group: 223 patients were treated with OLG (OLG group), and 58 patients were treated with povidone-iodine (PVP-I) (control group). The efficacy and the safety outcomes were measured as the rate of surgical SSI within 30 days after surgery. In addition, we also conducted subgroups defined according to the surgical approach (open or laparoscopic) or primary lesion (stomach or colon).
Results

There was a significant difference in the rate of SSI between the control group and OLG group (10.3% vs. 2.7% ; p = 0.02). There was a significant difference in the SSI rate in superficial infection (8.6% vs. 2.2% ; p = 0.0345) but not in deep infection (1.7% vs. 0.5% ; p = 0.371). There was no significant difference between the control group and OLG group in the overall rate of adverse skin reaction (5.2% vs. 1.8% ; p = 0.157).
Conclusion

This retrospective study demonstrates that OLG is more effective than PVP-I for preventing SSI during gastrointestinal cancer surgery.
In Situ Structure of Intestinal Apical Surface Reveals Nanovilli on Microvilli
Authors: Zhu Hao , Li Meijing , Zhao Ruixue , Li Ming , Jiang Zhaodi , Chai Yongping , Zhu Zhiwen , Yang Yihong , Li Wei , Xie Zhongyun , Li Xiaomin , Lei Kexin , He Wanzhong , Li Xueming , Ou Guangshuo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Microvilli are actin bundle-supported membrane protrusions essential for absorption, secretion, and sensation. Microvilli defects cause human diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders and inherited deafness; however, mechanisms controlling microvilli formation and organization remain unclear. Here, we study microvilli by vitrifying the C. elegans larvae and mouse intestinal tissues with high-pressure freezing, thinning them by cryo-focused ion beam milling, cryo-electron tomography, and sub-tomogram averaging. We uncover that hundreds of previously unrecognized stick-like structures, which we refer to as nanovilli, decorate the lateral surface of C. elegans and mouse microvilli. The C. elegans 37.5-nm long and 4.5-nm wide nanovilli are composed of the protocadherin family protein CDH-8. Loss of nanovilli slows down animal growth and increases the number of Y-shaped microvilli, intermediate structures when a microvillus splits from its tip and separates into two. Our results show that nanovilli space microvilli and suggest a microvilli division model through which microvilli assemble with striking uniformity.
Associations Between Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety Disorders, Their Comorbidity and Health-related Quality of Life: a Large-scale Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Liao Wei , Luo Zhicheng , Dong Xiaokang , Wu Xueyan , Mei Yongxia , Cui Ningning , Kang Ning , Lan Yali , Liu Xiaotian , Huo Wenqian , Wang Fang , Wang Chongjian 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: There were few studies exploring the associations between depressive symptoms, anxiety disorders and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the general population, especially in resource limited area. The aims of this study were to assess the associations between depressive symptoms, anxiety disorders, their comorbidity and HRQoL in rural area.Methods: A total of 23496 eligible participants from Henan rural cohort were included. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) were employed to assess depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders, respectively. HRQoL was measured via European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L). Tobit regression and generalized linear model were utilized to explore the associations between depressive symptoms, anxiety disorders, their comorbidity and HRQoL.Results: A total of 1320 individuals were identified as depressive symptoms with a prevalence of 5.62%, while 1198 participants were classified as anxiety disorders with a prevalence of 5.10%. After multiple adjustment, the regression coefficients and 95% confidence interval (CI) of utility index for depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders were -0.166 (-0.182, -0.149) and -0.132 (-0.149, -0.114), respectively. The regression coefficients and 95% CI of VAS score for depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders were -7.65 (-8.60, -6.70) and -5.79 (-6.78, -4.80), respectively. Additionally, the comorbidity was strongest associated with low utility index and VAS score. These findings were observed robustly in men and women.Conclusion: Depressive symptoms, anxiety disorders and their comorbidity were negatively associated with HRQoL in rural population, which needed further efforts on preventive and treatment interventions.Clinical Trial Registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 06 July, 2015. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375
Evaluating the Specialist Palliative Care Clinical Nurse Specialist Role in an Acute Hospital Setting: A Mixed Methods Sequential Explanatory Study.
Authors: Connolly Michael , Ryder Mary , Frazer Kate , Furlong Eileen , Escribano Teresa Plano , Larkin Philip , Carruthers Eileen , McGuigan Eileen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Special palliative care is provided in a range of settings including a patient’s home (their primary place of dwelling), a hospice in-patient unit, or an acute hospital. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of the specialist in palliative care clinical nurse specialist (SPC CNS) role in an acute hospital setting.
Methods

This study was conducted using a mixed methods sequential explanatory approach in two phases; phase 1 involved completion of a study questionnaire and phase 2 involved part-taking in a focus group interview.
Results

Phase 1 results indicated that respondents held positive attitudes towards the Specialist Palliative Care Clinical Nurses Specialist (SPC CNS) in relation to clinical care, education and patient advocacy. Phase 2 qualitative findings identified the importance of the role in terms of symptom management, education and support
Conclusions

This study provides an evaluation of a SPC CNS role since it was established in an acute hospital setting. The evidence indicates that there is a varied understanding of the role of the SPC CNS. The role was seen as an important one particularly in terms of referrals to and support provided by the SPC CNS, as well as recognition of the importance of the role is providing ongoing education to staff.
Investigation of Variation in Device Design Parameters on the Saturation Voltages of Hetero-junction Nanowire Tunnel FETs
Authors: Acharya Abhishek 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Estimation of the saturation voltages of beyond CMOS devices is essential for the accurate circuit design and analysis. In this work, we look at the influence of device design parameters on the saturation voltage (VDSAT) of a Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET) using 3D TCAD Numerical Simulations. The variation in channel length, underlap at gate-drain, source/drain doping, and the source/channel material are some of the vital optimization parameters in the design and optimization of TFET based circuits. We observe, with the increasing value of drain bias (VDS), TFET device initially enters in the soft saturation state and subsequently a deep saturation state is attained. These voltages are altered with device variability and hence the analog performance. An increase in drain (source) doping increases (decreases) the soft saturation voltage of TFETs. It is also found that an early onset of saturation can be achieved by the gate-drain underlap in TFETs. The impact of short channel lengths is to worsen the perfect saturation phenomenon in Tunnel FETs. In addition, the reduction in nanowire diameter delays the saturation by few milivolts.
Developing a Diagnostic CT Scoring System for Granulomatous-Lymphocytic Interstitial Lung Disease (GLILD) in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients
Authors: Hartono Stella , Cox Christian W. , Lindell Rebecca M , Chung Jonathan H. , Joshi Avni Y. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo determine the utility of GLILD CT scoring system for assessment of GLILD in patients with CVID to avoid the need for lung biopsy. MethodsThe CT scoring system was developed as a consensus based on review of literature. Two radiologists, blinded to patient clinical information, retrospectively scored CT scans of selected patients with histopathologic diagnosis of GLILD. Discrepancies were settled by a third radiologist. Inter-observer reproducibility was calculated with intra-class correlation coefficients. ResultsWe identified 25 CVID patients with histologically confirmed GLILD (12 male, 13 female). The median age was 38 years (range 12 – 72 years). Inter-observer reproducibility was 0.76 (95% CI 0.53 – 0.89). Splenomegaly/splenectomy and basilar predominant perilymphatic nodules greater than or equal to 4mm have good interobserver agreement in our CT scoring system. Discrepancy between observers occurred most often in differentiating intermediate versus high confidence diagnosis of GLILD as opposed to differentiating between low versus intermediate confidence. ConclusionGLILD CT scoring system of pulmonary disease in CVID patients can stratify patients into categories that may assist in avoiding lung biopsy for diagnosis in a subset of patients.
Assemblages of Gelatinous Zooplankton in Mesoscale Oceanographic Features in the Tropical-Temperate Transition Zone of a Western Boundary Current
Authors: Pitt Kylie , Lawley Jonathan W. , Hinchliffe Charles , Matis Paloma A. , Suthers Iain M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Boundary currents generate cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies, which strongly influence the composition of plankton communities and their spatial dynamics. We explored the gelatinous zooplankton communities where the East Australian Current (EAC) intensifies between 25-31°S, forming a dynamic eddy field at a tropical/temperate boundary. Five types of mesoscale features including the EAC were sampled: the adjacent continental shelf, a transient upwelling feature at the shelf break, a cyclonic frontal eddy which had entrained shelf water and a larger cyclonic eddy that had originated in the Tasman Sea. Forty-two gelatinous taxa were sampled from 62 plankton tows, including 24 cnidarians (9 hydromedusae, 14 siphonophores, 1 scyphozoan), 5 ctenophores and 12 thaliaceans. Assemblages of gelatinous zooplankton differed significantly among oceanographic features but were dominated by the salp, Salpa fusiformis, which comprised 66% of the overall catch. Abundances of gelatinous zooplankton were lowest in the EAC, the shelf break upwelling feature and over the continental shelf, which at the time sampled was flooded by a coastal incursion of the EAC. Abundances were greatest in the two cyclonic eddies and increased four-fold in the Tasman Sea cyclonic eddy over the three times it was sampled, highlighting the importance of cyclonic eddies in driving production of gelatinous zooplankton.
Study on Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Overlying Strata in Deep Coal Mining Process
Authors: Zhang Bang-an , yushun Yang , Zhang Dong-ming 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper adopts the stress relief method to test the in-situ stress in the field to obtain the in-situ stress distribution characteristics of No. 2+3# coal seam. A three-dimensional model was established with the No. S3012 working face as the engineering background, and the measured in-situ stress values ​​were applied to the three-dimensional model, and the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of coal and rock mass around the stope during coal seam mining were studied. The specific conclusions are as follows: the three-dimensional stress distribution map in front of, behind and on both sides of the working face in the process of coal mining are obtained. As the working face goes on, the maximum value of the supporting stress formed in front of, behind and on both sides of the working face shifts to the corner, presenting a “hump-like” distribution. The stress concentration coefficient of front, back and both sides of stope increases linearly with the increase of mining size. Under the same mining size, the stress concentration coefficient in front of stope is the smallest, and the stress concentration coefficient on both sides is the largest. The three-dimensional displacement field distribution nephogram of overlying strata in the process of coal mining is obtained. With the continuous advance of the working face, the roof strata of coal seam undergo continuous dynamic subsidence process, and the roof subsidence increases continuously, showing the shape of "bowl" with sharp bottom. In the process of working face mining, the roof displacement of coal seam showed an "O" shape evolution characteristic. The three-dimensional distribution cloud map of the plastic zone of coal and rock mass in the process of working face mining was obtained, and the failure volume of the plastic zone gradually increases with the continuous progress of the working face.
Strength and Failure Characteristics of Saturated Sandstone Under Loading and Unloading
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Yao Huayan , Li Hongguo , Bian Hanbin , Zhu Dayong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Water has effects on the strength and failure characteristics of the sandstone in natural environment. Conventional triaxial compressive or unloading confining pressure experiments were conducted on sandstone specimens. Experimental results indicate that the compressive strength of sandstone decreases significantly under saturated conditions in comparison with dry conditions, the strength parameters of saturated specimens under unloading confining pressure are also lower than those of dry rock samples; for the sandstone with the same water content, the strengths under triaxial unloading confining pressure is slightly higher than those under triaxial compressive condition; compared with the stress path of triaxial compression, the stress path of unloading confining pressure makes cracks propagate more easily along the axial direction, and the angle between fracture surface and axial direction is smaller. Under triaxial unloading confining pressure, there failure modes of dry sandstone are tension failure and shear failure, while that of saturated sandstone is mainly shear failure. In the process of water saturation, the bond and friction characteristics between grain particles are degraded due to water weakening the cementation between the grain particles and softening grains boundary, and the expansion of clay minerals in the sandstone, which leads to the decrease of macroscopic mechanical strengths.