bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of the fluorescent polymer containing pyrene and its application in the detection of tea polyphenol
Authors: Yi Cuilian , Xu Chunyan , Zhao Xiaoyan , Wang Chenyi , Xiang Hengxue 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTea polyphenol (TP) is used as a food additive to inhibit lipid peroxidation reactions and extend shelf life, but excessive intake can affect the human immune system. Therefore, developing effective TP detection is significant. Here, pyrene‐based polyimide (Py‐PI) was synthesized by one‐step condensation copolymerization. This polyimide possessed excellent solubility and photoluminescence due to the introduction of pyrene‐conjugated groups. It could be used as fluorescent probe for TP detection in solution. In addition, Py‐PI fluorescent test paper with different morphology were prepared by electrospinning. As the concentration of the spinning solution was 15 wt%, the bead‐like porous polymer electrospun membrane displayed excellent surface wettability which could make the water droplet completely penetrate into the sample within 6 min. The fluorescence enhancement phenomenon could be observed for 5 × 10−6 mg/mL TP solution on Py‐PI test paper. Furthermore, interference investigation of pH on test paper indicated that the sample exhibited a relatively stable fluorescence “turn‐on” response in acidic conditions. This work provides a convenient and rapid detection of TP antioxidant in the future.
Understanding Localized Current Leakage in Silicon‐Based Heterojunction Solar Cells
Authors: Tang Hanbo , Lin Hao , Wang Genshun , Su Qiao , Wang Tingting , Xue Chaowei , Fang Liang , Xu Xixiang , Han Can , Gao Pingqi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCurrent leakage through localized stacked structures, comprising opposite types of carrier‐selective transport layers, is a prevalent issue in silicon‐based heterojunction solar cells. Nevertheless, the behavior of this leakage region remains unclear, leading to a lack of guidance for structural design, material selection and process sequence control, thereby causing fluctuations of device performance. This study elucidates current‐voltage characteristics, influential factors, and underlying carrier transport mechanism of the leakage region with different stacking sequences and explores their impact on various configurations of solar cells. Characteristics of the leakage region resembling Esaki diodes or reverse diodes are revealed, along with the bias conditions of the leakage region at different locations across the solar cell. The findings suggest that modulating the behavior of the leakage region is feasible for improving device performance or serving specific purposes. This work provides guidance for the design and assessment of current leakage in the edge region of front and back contact cells, in the gap region of conventional back‐contacted cells, as well as in the tunneling region of tunneling back‐contacted cells and tandem cells.
The Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Prostate Volume: A Retrospective Analysis of Pre and Postoperative Measurements in Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Barone Biagio , Amicuzi Ugo , Massanova Matteo , Napolitano Luigi , Reccia Pasquale , Mirto Benito Fabio , Balsamo Raffaele , Giudice Francesco Del , Ferro Matteo , Busetto Gian Maria , Tataru Octavian Sabin , Lucarelli Giuseppe , Manfredi Celeste , Biondo Dario Del , Caputo Vincenzo Francesco , Falabella Roberto , Fusco Ferdinando , Imbimbo Ciro , Crocetto Felice 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aims to assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate volume, utilizing pre and postoperative measurements.MethodsA retrospective, observational study was conducted at a single site using data from an institutional database. Medical records of patients who underwent robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy were reviewed. Data included age, BMI, and prostate volumes measured through digital rectal exam (DRE), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and surgical specimen weight (SPW).ResultsA total of 168 patients were identified and included in the analysis. Spearman's correlation test revealed a significant association between BMI and prostate volume for all measurement methods, reporting r = 0.146 (p = 0.047) for DRE, r = 0.268 (p < 0.0001) for TRUS, r = 0.177 (p = 0.021) for MRI and r = 0.234 (p = 0.002) for SPW. Linear regression analysis confirmed the significant association between BMI and prostate volume, reporting, respectively, R2 = 0.026 (p = 0.036) for DRE, R2 = 0.076 (p < 0.0001) for TRUS, R2 = 0.038 (p = 0.011) for MRI and R2 = 0.040 (p = 0.009) for SPW. Notably, considering the SPW the best way to estimate prostate volume, for every increase in BMI, the predicted increase of prostate volume is 0.865gr.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a positive linear correlation between BMI and prostate volume, highlighting the importance of considering BMI in prostate volume assessments.
Exploring the Genetic Association Between Connective Tissue Diseases and the Risk of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaoqin , Yang Leilei , Gu Bingjie , Su Dinglei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to explore the potential causal link between genetic predisposition to various connective tissue diseases (CTDs), namely systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), systemic sclerosis (SSc), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the incidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR). Employing a two‐sample MR approach, genetic variants associated with CTDs served as instrumental variables to investigate the exposure‐outcome relationship, with GWAS data sourced from the FinnGen Biobank. Comprehensive statistical analyses, including the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, were conducted, alongside heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and sensitivity tests to ensure the robustness and validity of findings. The results revealed that in the Finnish population, no significant causal associations were identified between PAH and SLE, SS, PM, DM, MCTD, or RA. Notably, a significant association was observed between SSc and an increased risk of PAH (IVW: OR = 1.278, 95% CI = 1.061–1.540, p = 0.010). However, this finding was not replicated in other European populations. These results indicate the unique genetic and pathological pathways underlying SSc‐associated PAH, emphasizing the need for tailored screening and management protocols in this patient group.
Interval Observer Based Fault Detection for Lipschitz Nonlinear Systems Under Ellipsoidal Analysis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ma SiYuan , Gao Sheng , Ai ChenGuang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study devotes itself to the issue of fault detection for a class of discrete‐time Lipschitz nonlinear systems by virtue of a set of restricted frequency‐domain specifications. First of all, unlike traditional Luenberger‐like observers, which only contain a unitary parameter matrix, a novel, more design–degree of freedom incorporated fault detection observer (FDO) under linear‐matrix‐inequality (LMI) conditions is innovatively constructed to access a more flexible practical adjustment range. And the evaluations of both fault sensitivity and disturbance robustness were quantified via finite‐frequency and indices, respectively. Besides, the actuator and sensor faults were concurrently addressed in a more wide circumstance, where the reformulated Lipschitz property is utilized to handle what the complex nonlinear term causes. Furthermore, a novel, less computational dynamic threshold based on the ellipsoidal set‐membership technique was creatively synthesized during timely fault detection so as to guarantee a smaller range of residual intervals. Finally, simulation examples were conducted to demonstrate the viability and validity of the proposed strategy.
3D‐Porous Carbon Nitride Through Proton Regulation and Photocatalytic Synergy for Efficient Uranium Extraction From Seawater
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhao Ruolan , Zhou Zhong , Xu Yachao , Yu Peng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExtracting uranium from seawater is crucial for tapping oceanic resources vital to future energy supply. This study synthesized a novel nitrogen vacancy carbon nitride (NCN) grafted polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite material (NCNP). Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that NCNP effectively hinders the diffusion of uranyl ions (UO22+) to the NCN surface, thereby inhibiting electron transfer reactions. This is primarily achieved by the PEI layer, which repels UO22+ and prevents its direct contact with the NCN surface. Water‐soluble O2 can still diffuse to the NCN surface for reduction reactions, ensuring the reduction performance of NCNP. The introduction of PEI enhances the proton affinity of the material. Under acidic conditions, protons (H+) bind with PEI, reducing competition between protons and uranyl ions for adsorption on the NCN surface. Under alkaline conditions, protons detach from PEI, facilitating H2O2 generation and promoting uranium extraction. This dynamic proton regulation allows NCNP to perform effectively under varying pH conditions. Experimental results show that NCNP achieves a uranium extraction capacity of 498.7 mg g−1 in uranium‐spiked simulated seawater, which is significantly higher than that of unmodified carbon nitride (CN), which is one of the highest performances for simulating seawater uranium extraction.
Recycled Anode Materials from Manufacturing Industry for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer
Authors: Lee Sung Jun , Jin Hyun Soo , Soh Baek San , Kang Bong Kyun , Mishra Brajendra , Park Yoo Sei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs the energy industries, such as secondary batteries and fuel cells, expand rapidly, the demand for transition metals used as electrode materials is increasing, which has led to a rise in their prices. One promising strategy to address these challenges is upcycling, which involves recycling transition metal‐based waste from various industries. In this study, a heterostructure electrocatalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis is developed by upcycling iron‐based waste from the automotive industry. The iron‐based swarf is converted into single‐phase Fe2O3 by removing surface impurities through calcination in air. Subsequently, NiFe‐LDH is formed via sequential hydrothermal synthesis, resulting in NiFe‐LDH/Fe2O3 heterostructured electrocatalysts. The hetero‐interface between NiFe‐LDH and Fe2O3 significantly reduced the electrochemical activation barrier, enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and, furthermore, achieving high‐performance AEMWE. This approach not only reduces waste but also provides a cost‐effective alternative to traditional materials, highlighting the potential for sustainable and efficient energy solutions.
Impact of Side Chain Chemical Structure on Doping and Thermoelectric Properties of Oriented PBTTT Thin Films
Authors: Guchait Shubhradip , Oummouch Saïd , Durand Pablo , Kamatham Narayanaswamy , Jismy Badr , Herrmann Laurent , Mery Stéphane , Leclerc Nicolas , Brinkmann Martin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this contribution, doping of oriented thin films is investigated for three PBTTT polymers bearing different side chains including linear alkyl ─(CH2)12─H, single ether ─(CH2)7─O─(CH2)4─H and alkyl‐siloxane ─(CH2)5─(Si(CH3)2O)2─Si(CH3)3 A combination of transmission electron microscopy, polarized UV–vis–NIR spectroscopy and transport measurements helps uncover the essential role of the chemical nature of side chains on the efficacy of the doping and on the resulting thermoelectric performances in oriented PBTTT films. Siloxane side chains help to reach record alignment level of PBTTT with dichroic ratio beyond 50 for an optimized rubbing temperature but they impede effective doping of PBTTT crystals with F6TCNNQ, resulting in very poor TE properties. By contrast, doping the amorphous phase of all three PBTTTs with magic blue (MB) results in excellent TE performances. Both, chemical nature of side chains and semi‐crystalline structure of the polymer determine the efficacy of doping. The use of siloxane side chains further impacts the scaling laws S ∝ σ−1/s between the Seebeck coefficient S and the charge conductivity σ. An unexpected s = 2 exponent is observed and tentatively attributed to the dimensionality of charge transport in the highly oriented mesophase of PBTTT.
Unveiling the Potential of Tetrahedral DNA Frameworks in Clinical Medicine: Mechanisms, Advances, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Yang Zhengyang , Shi Lin , Wang Yun , Zhou Dongfang , Zhang Chao , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs deoxyribonucleic acis (DNA) nanotechnology advances, DNA, a fundamental biological macromolecule, has been employed to treat various clinical diseases. Among the advancements in this field, tetrahedral frameworks nucleic acids (tFNAs) have gained significant attention due to their straightforward design, structural simplicity, low cost, and high yield since their introduction by Turberfield in the early 2000s. Due to its stable spatial structure, tFNAs can resist the impact of innate immune responses on DNA and nuclease activity. Meanwhile, structural programmability of tFNAs allows for the development of static tFNA‐based nanomaterials through the engineering of functional oligonucleotides or therapeutic molecules and dynamic tFNAs through the attachment of stimuli‐responsive DNA apparatuses. This review first summarizes the key merits of tFNAs, including natural biocompatibility, biodegradability, structural stability, unparalleled programmability, functional diversity, and efficient cellular internalization. Based on these strengths, this review comprehensively analyzes applications of tFNAs in different clinical settings, including orthopedics, stomatology, urinary system diseases, liver‐related diseases, tumors, infection, neural system diseases, ophthalmic diseases, and immunoprophylaxis. We also discuss the limitations of tFNAs and the challenges encountered in preclinical studies. This review provides new perspectives for future research and valuable guidance for researchers working in this field.
Unraveling the Interplay Between Memristive and Magnetoresistive Behaviors in LaCoO3/SrTiO3 Superlattice‐Based Neural Synaptic Devices
Authors: Yang Zeou , Huang Xiaozhong , Liu Yu , Wang Ze , Zhang Zhengwei , Ma Bingyang , Shang Hailong , Wang Lanzhi , Zhu Tao , Duan Xidong , Hu Hailong , Yue Jianling 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMemristors and magnetic tunnel junctions are showing great potential in data storage and computing applications. A magnetoelectrically coupled memristor utilizing electron spin and electric field‐induced ion migration can facilitate their operation, uncover new phenomena, and expand applications. In this study, devices consisting of Pt/(LaCoO3/SrTiO3)n/LaCoO3/Nb:SrTiO3 (Pt/(LCO/STO)n/LCO/NSTO) are engineered using pulsed laser deposition to form the LCO/STO superlattice layer, with Pt and NSTO serving as the top and bottom electrodes, respectively. The results show that both memristive and magnetoresistive properties can coexist without any compromise in performance, and the values of ROFF/RON and tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio are both improved by ≈1000% compared to a single‐period heterostructure. Notably, the Pt/(LCO/STO)5/LCO/NSTO device demonstrates superior multilevel storage performance, characterized by extended endurance, reliable retention, high ROFF/RON ratio, significant TMR ratio, and fundamental synaptic behaviors. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) is employed to calculate the changes in oxygen vacancies, affecting the overall energy bands and magnetic moments in the monolayer and multi‐periodic structures. Simulations using the handwritten digit recognition classification achieve the highest accuracy of 94.38%. These attributes suggest that the devices hold considerable promise for application in data storage and neuromorphic computing, offering a platform for high‐density neural circuits in intelligent electronic devices.
Analytical study on axial compression—Bending interaction behavior of fiber reinforced square concrete columns with GFRP rebars
Authors: G. R Balaji , Patil Ganapati M. , Suriya Prakash S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars have become an attractive alternative for replacing steel reinforcement due to their superior corrosion resistance. Columns reinforced with GFRP rebars can fail in a brittle manner than those reinforced with steel rebars. Adding discrete fibers in GFRP‐reinforced concrete (RC) columns can improve its ductility by bridging the cracks formed in concrete. Both steel and synthetic discrete fibers can be combined to form hybrid fiber‐reinforced concrete (HFRC) which synergizes the advantages of both fiber types. An analytical approach is presented here to estimate the axial compression (P) and bending moment (M) interaction behavior of FRC GFRP columns. Moment‐curvature analysis using suitable constitutive relations for concrete and GFRP bars under compression and tension is adopted. Bending moment capacity at different axial compression loads is established. Later, P–M interaction curves for square RC columns with GFRP rebars and discrete fibers are obtained and validated with test results. After that, a parametric study is carried out to understand the effect of concrete strength, amount of reinforcement, and different fiber dosages for GFRP RC columns. Results show that adding fibers can improve the bending and compression capacities at all combinations of axial and bending loads. The axial compression and bending capacity of the steel RC and GFRP columns with equal reinforcement ratios showed that GFRP HFRC had higher capacity than steel RC column sections under combined axial and bending loads.
Conceptualising Energy Citizenship
Authors: Dunphy Niall P. , Lennon Breffní , Revez Alexandra , Pearce Bin Bin J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter moves the discussion on by examining the conceptualisation of energy citizenship. Situating the reader within the authors’ understanding of energy systems as fundamentally social structures, the chapter adopts an inclusive perspective of the citizen in the energy domain. It posits that an energy citizen is not something one becomes, nor something one earns, rather it is something that inherently exists. This chapter expands the discourse on energy citizenship by exploring emerging (often normative) notions that shape citizen engagement in energy. It also acknowledges how engagement is framed by different processes, including political struggles for recognition and prescriptive institutional ideas about being a ‘good citizen’.
Earned Citizenship? Normative Constructs of Participation
Authors: Dunphy Niall P. , Lennon Breffní , Revez Alexandra , Pearce Bin Bin J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter further develops these ideas of energy citizenship, particularly the concept of the ‘good citizen’ in the context of system change as it appears to be emerging as the rapidly normative notion shaping citizen engagement in energy. Broadening this discussion on emerging normative expressions, assumptions, and expectations that influence how citizens participate in the energy sector, the chapter provides an analysis of emerging ideals of energy citizenship from a normative perspective, focusing on solidarity, cosmopolitanism, and resilience. Embracing this dynamic and evolving concept to redefine its normative significance for diverse communities and locations can significantly serve as a foundational framework for questioning the processes of inclusion or exclusion within energy citizenship discourses.
Towards a Better Understanding of Energy Citizenship
Authors: Dunphy Niall P. , Lennon Breffní , Revez Alexandra , Pearce Bin Bin J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter concludes the book. Despite considerable effort having been already expended within the academic communityṇ on conceptualising energy citizenship, a fundamental question remains. How can ideas around energy citizenship be harnessed for actioning fairer and more just citizen participation in the energy transition? Drawing together the key themes presented throughout the book, it seeks to conceptualise energy citizenship as a sociotechnical imaginary of the “roles that citizens could, or perhaps should play in the energy system” (Dunphy & Lennon, 2022, p. 435). Acknowledging its position as a contested notion, it provides an overview of its many expressions before summing up our definition of energy citizenship and the role it should take, along with potential avenues for future study.
Energy Citizenship in Belgium: Potentials and Paradoxes
Authors: Pel Bonno , Huhnt Jönne 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the forms, contexts, and conditions of energy citizenship that have emerged in Belgium. Regarding the forms, it presents data from a large-scale mapping of energy citizenship initiatives throughout Europe. For Belgium, this comprises 21 initiatives differing in objective, size, and organisational form. Regarding the contexts and conditions, the analysis discusses the factors that shape the development of energy citizenship in Belgium. It reflects on the energy citizenship potential of the Belgian context and its apparent paradoxes: energy citizenship is a universalist concept, yet related practices tend to develop around rather particularistic understandings of citizenship. Second, energy citizenship is developing thanks to a seriously energy-inefficient building stock, which creates awareness and urgency. This adverse material context also renders many energy-citizenship-related agencies ineffective, invisible, and unrewarding, however—thus the material context is at once a ‘driver’ and a barrier. Third, energy citizenship revolves around the activation of citizens, yet this tends to be successful only through the intermediation of institutions—ultimately leaving citizens relatively passive. These universality, materiality, and agency paradoxes represent important reality checks for energy citizenship policies.
Energy Citizenship in Bulgaria: Revealing the Current Energy Landscape and the Way Forward
Authors: Hajdinjak Marko , Asenova Desislava 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the energy citizenship landscape in Bulgaria. Based on the review of 22 energy citizenship initiatives in the EnergyPROSPECTS project, the chapter establishes that a typical Bulgarian energy citizenship case can be described in the following way: it is supported by public funds (often the EU), operates on a local or municipal level, does not participate in larger networks, and is managed by or significantly benefits from the involvement of an NGO. The chapter then turns its attention to the external conditions, which support or hinder the emergence and development of energy citizenship in the country. It argues that Bulgaria’s current political situation is, in principle, conducive to cultivating energy citizenship but too unstable to offer concrete support. Technological developments are creating a range of opportunities, while concerns about climate change are a strong source of motivation. The analysis shows that the economic, legal, and social contexts strongly deter the development of energy citizenship in Bulgaria.