bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a scoping review
Authors: Adu Medard Kofi , Eboreime Ejemai , Sapara Adegboyega Oyekunbi , Greenshaw Andrew James , Chue Pierre , Agyapong Vincent Israel Opoku 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the relevant literature available regarding the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a mode of treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); to evaluate the evidence to support the use of rTMS as a treatment option for OCD.Design/methodology/approachThe authors electronically conducted data search in five research databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Psych INFO, SCOPUS and EMBASE) using all identified keywords and index terms across all the databases to identify empirical studies and randomized controlled trials. The authors included articles published with randomized control designs, which aimed at the treatment of OCD with rTMS. Only full-text published articles written in English were reviewed. Review articles on treatment for conditions other than OCD were excluded. The Covidence software was used to manage and streamline the review.FindingsDespite the inconsistencies in the published literature, the application of rTMS over the supplementary motor area and the orbitofrontal cortex has proven to be promising in efficacy and tolerability compared with other target regions such as the prefrontal cortex for the treatment of OCD. Despite the diversity in terms of the outcomes and clinical variability of the studies under review, rTMS appears to be a promising treatment intervention for OCD.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors of this scoping review acknowledge several limitations. First, the search strategy considered only studies published in English and the results are up to date as the last day of the electronic data search of December 10, 2020. Though every effort was made to identify all relevant studies for the purposes of this review per the eligibility criteria, the authors still may have missed some relevant studies, especially those published in other languages.Originality/valueThis review brought to bare the varying literature on the application of rTMS and what is considered gaps in the knowledge in this area in an attempt to evaluate and provide information on the potential therapeutic effects of rTMS for OCD.
Transactional leadership and success of international development projects (IDP): mediating effects of cooperative style to conflict resolution and team potency
Authors: Sané Seydou , Abo Pascaline 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study aims to examine the mediating role of cooperative style to conflict resolution and team potency in the relationship between transactional leadership style and the success of international development projects (IDP). The study draws on full range leadership theory and contextualizes transactional leadership style to the IDP environment.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was administered to a convenience sample of 111 IDP managers in Benin. The data obtained from the survey were subjected to principal component analysis using the SPSS and confirmatory factor analysis using XLSTAT-PLSM. The research hypotheses are tested according to the partial least squares method.FindingsThe hypothesis test shows that transactional leadership has a direct and indirect positive influence (through team potency) on the success of IDP. Contrary to the cooperative style of conflict resolution, team potency plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between transactional leadership and the success of IDP. Also, considering the effect of the specific dimensions of transactional leadership on the success of IDP, only the “active management by exception” dimension influences directly and indirectly (through team potency) on the latter.Practical implicationsAs a result, this research is of great value to IDP managers who are aware of the positive consequences associated with transactional leadership without knowing the role played by its dimensions. Indeed, it provides them with information necessary to identify the appropriate transactional leadership behaviors to improve the success of projects.Originality/valueThe relevance of this study is to consider team potency as intermediary mechanisms between transactional leadership and the success of IDP and examine the effect of the dimensions of transactional leadership on the success of IDP by integrating the mediating action of team potency. Besides, this research highlights a mechanism through which transactional leadership influences the success of IDPs and shows that the use of the construct of transactional leadership rather than its specific dimensions does not capture the specificities of the mechanism that links transactional leadership and its consequences.
The microstructure and mechanical properties of Co/YCF102 composite coating
Authors: Xi Wenchao , Song Boxue , Dong Jinlong , Zhang Tianqi , Yu Tianbiao , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Laser cladding has been used in the field of repairing damaged parts of machine tools due to its advantages of less processing restrictions and easy formation of a good metallurgical bond with the base material. However, the mechanical properties of the coating sometimes cannot meet the process requirements. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to prepare coatings with high microhardness and flexural strength.

Design/methodology/approach
The YCF102 alloy powder was mixed with different contents of Co and tested for laser cladding on AISI 1045 substrate under the same process parameters. The main phase composition of the coating was revealed by the XRD results. The main chemical composition of the coating was determined by the SEM and EDS results. In addition, the effect of Co content on the microstructure, microhardness and flexural strength of the coatings was investigated.

Findings
The results show that when the Co content is 2 wt% and 4 wt%, Co does not form compounds with other elements, but is uniformly distributed in the coating. And when the Co content is 6 wt% and 8 wt%, the Co reacts with Fe in the coating and generates Co3Fe7 in situ. The increase in Co did not result in a monotonic change in microhardness, but significantly improved the flexural strength and the flatness of the microstructure of the coating. When the Co content of the mixed powder is 8 wt%, the coating has high microhardness and flexural strength.

Originality/value
Co/YCF102 composite coating with high microhardness and flexural strength was prepared. This paper provides a theoretical and practical basis for research in the area of repairing damaged parts of machine tools by laser cladding.
Measuring institutional pressures in a supply chain context: scale development and testing
Authors: Kauppi Katri , Luzzini Davide 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Increasing amount of empirical research in operations and supply chain management is using institutional theory as its theoretical lens. Yet, a common scale to measure the three institutional pressures – coercive, mimetic and normative – is lacking. Many studies use proxies or a single, grouped, construct of external pressures which present methodological challenges. This study aims to present the development of multi-item scales to measure institutional pressures (in a purchasing context).

Design/methodology/approach
First, items were generated based on the theoretical construct definitions. These items were then tested through academic sorting and an international survey. The first empirical testing failed to produce reliable and valid scales, and further refinement and analysis revealed that coercive pressure splits into two separate constructs. A second q-sorting was then conducted with purchasing practitioners, followed by another survey in Italy to verify the new measurement scale for four institutional pressures.

Findings
The multimethod and multistage measurement development reveals that empirically the three institutional pressures actually turn into four pressures. The theoretical construct of coercive pressure splits into two distinct constructs: coercive market pressure and coercive regulatory pressure.

Originality/value
The results of the paper, namely, the measurement scales, are an important theoretical and methodological contribution to future empirical research. They present a much-needed measurement for these theoretical constructs increasingly used in management research.
Putting risk management into the corporate sustainability context
Authors: Haywood Lorren Kirsty 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This research investigates what is driving corporate sustainability within South African organisations and to what extent these drivers intersect with risk management. This is important as new and emerging business risks are proving to be directly linked to sustainability issues having implication on long-term organisational performance. This implies that sustainability and risk should not be mutually exclusive.

Design/methodology/approach
By means of semi-structured interviews, sustainability managers of 11 South African organisations were engaged to gain insight relating to the immediate sustainability issues, risk landscape and the possible intersection between these issues within their organisations. Questions posed were around drivers of sustainability, risks to an organisation, changes in risks, relationship between sustainability and risk. By means of thematic analysis key issues emerging from the responses of the sustainability managers could be identified and themes determined based on similarities. This was followed by trend analysis of the frequency of responses to different sustainability and risk themes to interpret the data.

Findings
Results reveal that sustainability and risk management are similar in their intent purpose and output both aligned towards reducing impacts and managing uncertainty. However even though sustainability has increasingly become integral to business its value contribution and linkage with risk management differ significantly amongst organisations. This suggests that sustainability and risk management remain two distinct frameworks for managing uncertainty in business.

Originality/value
Research on integrating a sustainability perspective in risk management is at an early stage. To understand and respond to emerging risks, organisations need to integrate sustainability and risk management into their decision strategies – not only to minimize potential losses but also to exploit new business opportunities arising from the sustainability agenda. Future research should be directed towards advancing systematic methods for identifying and managing sustainability risks such that key sustainability challenges are firmly embedded in the risk management of the business. In this regard, organisations would be in a position to build resilience into their business models and operations.
‘Fitted both Morally and Physically to Fulfil his Proper Duties in the Battle of Life’? – The Effectiveness or Otherwise of Penal Servitude and Imprisonment 1853–2021
Authors: COX DAVID J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article is a response to two questions posed in an article published in the first volume of the Howard Journal. That article asked, ‘should penal servitude be abolished?’ and also discussed the merits of ‘preventive detention’, in which so‐called ‘habitual’ criminals could be imprisoned for up to ten years after their original sentence had expired, in order to keep the public safe for an extended time. The current article therefore looks at the limitations and problems of penal servitude (which operated from 1853 until 1948) together with a brief examination of the success or otherwise of preventive detention.
‘Prisons and the Public’ by Margaret Bondfield, JP
Authors: SPARKS RICHARD 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis short article revisits the address that Margaret Bondfield gave to the Howard League for Penal Reform's inaugural annual general meeting, a little over 100 years ago. It seeks both to illuminate the framing of her argument, and note some features of the moment and situation to which it was addressed. I argue that while it is true that Bondfield's speech reveals certain tensions that have remained somewhat intractable in the field of penal reform ever since, it also demonstrates a conviction and ambition that contemporary actors might well wish to seek to recover.
An automated bi‐level optimization approach for IMRT
Authors: Carrasqueira P. , Alves M. J. , Dias J. M. , Rocha H. , Ventura T. , Ferreira B. C. , Lopes M. C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntensity‐modulated radiation therapy is used worldwide to treat cancer patients. The objective of this treatment is to deliver a prescribed radiation dose to the tumor while sparing, as much as possible, all the healthy tissues, especially organs at risk (OAR). This means that the planning of a radiotherapy treatment should take into consideration conflicting objectives: to be able to spare as much as possible the OAR guaranteeing, at the same time, that the desired radiation is delivered to the volumes to treat. While the volumes to treat can be adequately irradiated from almost any set of directions, the radiation directions that are chosen have a determinant impact on the OAR. This means that those directions that provide an improved OAR sparing should be selected. The choice of radiation directions (beam angles) can thus be interpreted as being fundamentally determined by the OAR, with the radiation intensities associated with each of these directions being determined by the needed radiation to be delivered to the volumes to treat. In this work, we interpret the radiotherapy treatment planning problem as a bi‐level optimization problem. At the upper level, OAR control the choice of the beam angles, which are selected aiming at OAR sparing. At the lower level, the optimal radiation intensities are decided by the volumes to treat, considering the beam angle ensemble obtained at the upper level. The proposed bi‐level approach was tested using 10 clinical head‐and‐neck cancer cases already treated at the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Coimbra.
Ultrastrong tough zirconia ceramics by defects‐engineering
Authors: Zhu Tianbin , Xie Zhipeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe report the preparation of a category of ultrastrong tough zirconia ceramics by engineering defects using an oscillatory pressure during pressure assisted sintering. The introduced oscillatory pressure enhances the dynamic grain rearrangement, plastic deformation, mass transportation, and pore removal, leading to the formation of pore‐free ceramics characterized by the rich coherent grain boundaries among individual mesocrystalline grains with intragranular quasi‐interfaces. As a proof of concept, the pressure required by oscillatory pressure sintering (OPS) for preparing fully dense 3Y‐TZP ceramics is significantly reduced, which is just ∼1/5 of that required by hot isostatic pressing. The OPS‐prepared 3Y‐TZP ceramics reached a record‐breaking high bending strength and fracture toughness, being up to 1.8 GPa and 16 MPa·m1/2, respectively. This success illustrates a universal principle of engineering defects for making breakthrough in exploring other ultrastrong tough ceramics.
Medication dose calculation errors and other numeracy mishaps in hospitals: Analysis of the nature and enablers of incident reports
Authors: Mulac Alma , Hagesaether Ellen , Granas Anne Gerd 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsTo investigate medication dose calculation errors and other numeracy mishaps in hospitals and examine mechanisms and enablers which lead to such errors.DesignA retrospective study using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of the nature and enablers of reported incidents.MethodsMedication dose calculation errors and other numeracy mishaps were identified from medication‐related incidents reported to the Norwegian Incident Reporting System in 2016 and 2017. The main outcome measures were medications and medication classes involved, severity of harm, outcome, and error enablers.ResultsIn total, we identified 100 numeracy errors, of which most involved intravenous administration route (n = 70). Analgesics were the most commonly reported drug class and morphine was the most common individual medication. Overall, 78 incidents described patient harm. Frequent mechanisms were 10‐ or 100‐fold errors, mixing up units, and incorrect strength/rate entered into infusion pumps. The most frequent error enablers were: double check omitted or deviated (n = 40), lack of safety barriers to intercept prescribing errors (n = 25), and emergency/stress (n = 21).ConclusionNumeracy errors due to lack of or improper safeguards occurred during all medication management stages. Dose miscalculation after dilution of intravenous solutions, infusion pump programming, and double‐checking were identified as unsafe practices. We discuss measures to prevent future calculation and numeracy errors.ImpactOur analysis of medication dose calculation errors and other numeracy mishaps demonstrates the need for improving safety steps and increase standardization for medication management procedures. We discuss organizational, technological, and educational measures to prevent harm from numeracy errors.
Changes in purchasing patterns in the beauty market due to Post–COVID‐19: Literature review
Authors: Ma Youngsil , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith online purchases' skyrocketing due to COVID‐19, there has been a big change in the beauty products consumers' purchase.AimsThe purpose of this paper was to review the literature focusing on changes in purchasing patterns in the beauty market after COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis review paper is a literature review, and the method is a narrative review.ResultsThe past and present purchasing of beauty products were rapidly changed. The cosmetics and many beauty products were increased purchasing rate due to marketing of Wanghong broadcasting. Also, the non–face‐to‐face market environment has expanded after COVID‐19.ConclusionAs COVID‐19 pandemic changes consumer values and lifestyle, its role and function are changing and its purchasing patterns are altered.
DTC genetic test for customized cosmetics in COVID‐19 pandemic: Focused on women in their 40s and 60s in Seoul, Republic of Korea
Authors: Lee Jinkyung , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) is attracting worldwide attention and has been declared an infectious disease by the World Health Organization (WHO), and accordingly, interest and meaning in health and well‐being are expanding in recent years.AimsThis paper attempted to investigate the recognition and development potential of customized cosmetics focusing on inner beauty products through DTC (Direct to Customer) genetic testing in the era of COVID‐19 pandemic.Patients/MethodsThe number of women included in the survey of consumers living in Seoul metropolitan city ranged from 40 to 60, and 380 women in Republic of Korea. Statistical processing of the data collected by the data analysis method is analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) WIN25.0 statistical package program through the process of data coding and data cleansing.ResultsIn this study, the DTC genetic test, single, and/or combination treatment for customized inner beauty products and customized cosmetics were compared and analyzed, respectively. Accordingly, in keeping with the rapidly changing market conditions, we sought to study customized inner beauty and customized cosmetics recognition and purchasing behavior through DTC genetic testing in the unexplored era after COVID‐19 pandemic. As a result, it was significantly more effective to use customized inner beauty and customized cosmetics after DTC genetic test (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study emphasizes that after the global COVID‐19 pandemic worldwide that occurred after January 2020, the definition of health persistence, wellness, and well‐dying associated with beauty and cosmetology is also evolving from the DTC genetic test. In our results, it was found for the first time that the intake of customized inner beauty preparations and the use of customized cosmetics would be more effective. In the above significant research results, it is believed that research on the combinational effect of customized inner beauty products and customized cosmetics is required in the global DTC genetic testing market.
Limited dispersal and local adaptation promote allopatric speciation in a biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Dool Serena E. , Picker Mike D. , Eberhard Monika J. B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRecently diverged or diverging populations can offer unobstructed insights into early barriers to gene flow during the initial stages of speciation. The current study utilised a novel insect system (order Mantophasmatodea) to shed light on the early drivers of speciation. The members of this group have limited dispersal abilities, small allopatric distributions and strong habitat associations in the Cape Floristic Region biodiversity hotspot in South Africa. Sister taxa from the diverse family Austrophasmatidae were chosen as focal species (Karoophasma biedouwense, K. botterkloofense). Population genetics and Generalized Dissimilarity Modelling (GDM) were used to characterise spatial patterns of genetic variation and evaluate the contribution of environmental factors to population divergence and speciation. Extensive sampling confirmed the suspected allopatry of these taxa. However, hybrids were identified in a narrow region occurring between the species' distributions. Strong population structure was found over short geographic distances; particularly in K. biedouwense in which geographic distance accounted for 32% of genetic variation over a scale of 50 km (r = .56, p < .001). GDM explained 42%–78% of the deviance in observed genetic dissimilarities. Geographic distance was consistently indicated to be important for between species and within population differentiation, suggesting that limited dispersal ability may be an important neutral driver of divergence. Temperature, altitude, precipitation and vegetation were also indicated as important factors, suggesting the possible role of adaptation to local environmental conditions for species divergence. The discovery of the hybrid‐zone, and the multiple allopatric species pairs in Austrophasmatidae support the idea that this could be a promising group to further our understanding of speciation modes.