bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological and geographical features of the true bugs (Heteroptera) fauna of the Japanese elm communities in the lower reaches of the Selenga River
Authors: Sofronova E V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Japanese elm (Ulmus japonica Rehder) grows in the Baikal Region in the lower reaches of the Selenga River and forms refugia of nemoral biota where many rare and relict species of plants, fungi, bryophytes, lichens and invertebrate animals are found. Refugia of nemoral biota represent an important object to study environmental conditions of the Baikal Region in the past geologic epochs, as they are slightly changing ecosystems. Comprehensive research of elm communities, including qualitative and quantitative studies of insects, is required to fully understand functioning of these refugia and develop measures for their protection. The study summarizes data on 29 true bug species of 24 genera and 10 families, which inhabit closely in the Japanese elm communities. Polyphytophagous species prevalent in the investigated fauna, mixotrophic species also make significant contribution. Carnivores and species with more specific nutritional adaptation are significantly less numerous. As for distribution pattern, species with Trans-Eurasian and Trans-Palaearctic ranges prevail, individual species have Siberian-Far-Eastern and European-Siberian ranges. Species diversity of true bugs is significantly lower in the depths of dense elm forests than at the edges of the communities, especially in place of contact with open habitats. Some Heteroptera species which are typical of the genus Ulmus and live on a different species (U. pumila) in the Baikal Siberia, are not found on the Japanese elm, which confirms distinctness of these communities.
Landscape-hydrochemical aspects of geoecological monitoring
Authors: Semenov Yu M , Semenov M Yu , Silaev A V , Snytko V A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive geoecological monitoring program is implemented in the Lake Baikal basin. The methodology is guided by the principle of mixing. Identification of anthropogenic sources of substance and observation of connections between them and environmental objects occurs by considering objects as a mixture, and sources as their components, using landscape monitoring approach. The main research methods are landscape science and hydrochemistry. The pollution structure of geosystems is revealed by analyzing the spatial-temporal distribution of pollutants and subsequent reconstruction of their composition from sources. A cartographic basis has been developed to substantiate the observation and control network, extrapolate the monitoring results and represent operational information about the geosystem state. The mapping procedure is based on the main provisions of the teaching about geosystems by V.B. Sochava. We mapped differentiation, migration and accumulation of pollutants using modern methods of geoinformation analysis and modeling, adapted to the research region and analyzed the main parameters of landscape-geochemical differentiation of the Lake Baikal basin. A zoning scheme for the territory according to the ability to provide a specific composition of waters has been compiled. The ability of surface waters of the basin to self-purification is estimated. An approach for the conjugate assessment of the permissible pollution load on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems is developed.
The current state of the water and bottom sediments in the Irkutsk Reservoir
Authors: Karnaukhova G A , Shtel’makh S I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present the results of the study on the state of the water and bottom sediments in the Irkutsk Reservoir for the period from 1976 to 2018. This reservoir is the main in the cascade of the Angara River reservoirs. It belongs to shallow artificial reservoirs with high flow. The Irkutsk Reservoir receives the basic water supply from Lake Baikal, which serves as its summit pound. We have determined that the composition of the water and bottom sediments in the reservoir depends on the elemental composition of the rock composing its eroded banks as well as on the water flowing from Lake Baikal. Based on the concentrations of the main elements, the water in the reservoir after 60 years of its operation corresponds to potable water standards. The water pollution coefficient for all elements, especially for Pb and Mn, slightly exceeded the MPC values at the sites of Nikola (Baikal water) and Solnechny (near the dam of the Irkutsk Hydroelectric Power Station). Based on the pollution coefficients, the bottom sediments are at the level of the geochemical background of the rocks composing the south of the Siberian platform. The geochemical parameters of the water and bottom sediments indicate that the Irkutsk Reservoir belongs to water bodies with the low anthropogenic pressure.
An assessment of the regional development well-being taking into account the environmental component
Authors: Glazyrina I P , Zabelina I A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the results of socio-ecological and economic well-being estimation of the Russian regions using a multiplicative model, based on the A. Sen extended function. This model includes GRP per capita, share of the personal incomes in GRP, the regional cost of living index, the intra-regional income inequality and the integrated environmental index. It is defined as average of the specific environmental indices calculated on the basis of the following indicators: the share of the negative air, water and soil tests. Calculations have revealed that there is a significant interregional differentiation in the level of social well-being. The inclusion of the environmental component into the multiplicative model had a significant impact on the results of a comprehensive assessment of regional development. In some Russian regions, the environmentally adjusted level of well-being was significantly lower than the indicator that does not take this aspect into account. It is shown that the role of the environmental factors in the quality of life in the East of Russia is quite significant. The research novelty is to take into account the environmental component in assessing the well-being of the regions using a multiplicative model, based on the A. Sen extended function. The analysis results can be used in the process of making management decisions in the field of environmental and economic interactions, as well as in the preparation of strategic documents for sustainable regional development.
The experience in the implementation of adaptive-landscape systems of agriculture in Rostov Oblast
Authors: Gaevaya E A , Bezuglova O S , Ilinskaya I N , Taradin S A , Nezhinskaya E N , Mishchenko A V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The goal of the adaptive-landscape organization of the territory is to ensure effective protection of soils from degradation under the anthropogenic impact. The experiment was performed in the permanent study area located on the slope of the Bolshoi Log clough, Aksay District of Rostov Oblast from 2016 to 2019. The use of adaptive-landscape territory organization of the slope prone to erosion allowed reducing soil erosion by 35-43%. The use of soil protection treatments as the main tillage reduced soil erosion by more than 13-24%. For this, it is provided on arable lands prone to erosion and poorly eroded areas with a degree of the slope from 2 to 3°, an extended complex of agrotechnical measures is applied. Crop rotation with 40% of perennial grasses, 20% of row crops, and 40% of winter and spring grain crops is recommended. Productivity is up to 3.9 t/ha of grain units when applying manure in a dose of 5 tons and mineral fertilizers, N46P24K30, ensuring the preservation of soil fertility at the initial level. With a 1.5-fold increase in organic fertilizers (manure at a dose of 8 tons and mineral fertilizers, N84P30K48), productivity increases to 4.3 t/ha of grain units, and humus content increases to 4.1% (or 7.8%).
Climate, natural environment and the life support system of the Tungus: cultural and ecological aspects
Authors: Ragulina M V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article considers the features of the influence of natural and climatic conditions on life support of the Tungus (Evenks) in the 18th-19th centuries. During the period under review they lived in forest-steppe, taiga and mountain-taiga natural landscapes, surrounded by a sedentary Russian and semi-nomadic Buryat population. The Tungus were distinguished by ensoulment of nature, close vital connection of landscape, worldview and economy. We have drawn on the regularities of climate variability and its influence on the society of Siberia reported in the literature. Then we selected data and analyzed them from the standpoint of historical geography, cultural anthropology and intrasecular climate change. Chronicles on the ice regime of the Angara river in Irkutsk from 1721 to 1921 were used for the reconstruction of climatic fluctuations. During the study period the life support systems of the Tungus was to adapt to the natural and social changing in the context of multiethnic environment of the region. Although the available data have been preserved fragmentarily and do not represent continuous series of information, the content from folklore, chronicles, statistics, archive documents and observations of contemporaries confirm the influence of intrasecular climatic variability on Evenks. The related hunger years, crop failures, epidemics, fluctuations in the volume of biological resources affected all groups of the population. The diversity of neighboring cultures and geographic conditions, as well as their dynamics, contributed to the formation of specifics in the Tungus economy and different rates of their acculturation.
Big business in the Baikal Region
Authors: Ippolitova N A , Grigoryeva M A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The nature of interaction between big business and territory is one of the most important indicators of the development of economy and society. The interest of big business in the regions of Siberia, including the Baikal region, is caused by the availability of a sufficient amount of natural and economic resources. Resource-extracting assets and enterprises of the first redistribution, which operate in Irkutsk oblast, the Republic of Buryatia and the Zabaikalskii Krai, which make up the Baikal region, are of particularly interest to big business. The work considers the territorial and organizational structure of big business in the Baikal region. The sectoral heterogeneity and uneven localization of big business objects in the territory of the Baikal region are shown. We analyzed the level of investment for urban districts and municipal districts geographically and identified five groups of territories where large business is present. The resources-based development combined with system-forming industries prevails in the intraregional structure of big business. The paper presents significant investment projects carried out by big business structures in the Baikal region. It is noted that, despite the current existing challenges caused by unfavorable socio-economic and natural conditions, the territories, especially those specializing in the extraction of minerals, are dependent on the investment policy of large companies.
Mapping of the current state of forest vegetation in the north Baikal Region based on the merging of remote sensing data and ground observations
Authors: Vladimirov I N , Kobylkin D V , Sorokovoy A A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Geoinformation analysis and modeling study of the current state of vegetation (as exemplified by the southeastern macroslope of the Baikal Range, Eastern Siberia) were performed. The phytocenoses of the territory differ from each other in many features, namely in projective cover, ratio of ecological groups, confinement to landforms, epiterranean phytomass, etc. These details help to interpret the types of plant communities based on the values of the calculated vegetation index. We proposed a technique that assumes the joint use of the NDVI and NDWI indices, a digital elevation model (DEM) based on SRTM radar topographic survey data, forest inventory data and materials from field expeditions. The use of the DEM and the indices reflecting the physiological state of vegetation considering their availability of chlorophyll and water helps to arrange the communities under study into groups determined by moisture conditions and biomass supply. To determine the species composition of forest stand, we proposed a method based on the Boolean logic-a decision tree-a schematic representation in the form of a tree structure of a complex decision-making process used in a multi-step analysis. The results obtained show that the use of the relationship between the ratio of plant communities to the moisture factor and their spectral characteristics, taking into account the use of DEMs, enables us to create very informative maps, to improve the reliability of interpretation of satellite information, and to map territories not covered by ground-based surveys with the use of interpolation.
Synoptic processes over the Kodar glacier zone during the ablation period
Authors: Osipova O P , Osipov E Y 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The small glaciers of the Kodar ridge (south of Eastern Siberia), located inland Asia under the influence of both Atlantic and Pacific air transport, are the valuable objects for studying their response to changes in mid-latitude atmospheric circulation. However, detailed meteorological studies on the glaciers have been limited so far. For the first time, in July–August 2019, the meteorological characteristics were measured on the Sygyktinsky glacier using automatic weather station. We have analyzed the relationship between variations of large-scale atmospheric circulation and meteorological regime of the glacier using the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data. During the observation period, Kodar was under the influence of a positive geopotential anomaly in the lower troposphere, which determined increased temperatures and decreased relative humidity and precipitation. Quasi-cyclic fluctuations in meteorological time series (e.g. air temperature) reflect the influence of large scale synoptic changes caused by the front passages, warm and cold air advections. High ablation rates on the glacier were associated with anticyclones, subtropical ridges, and warm air advections (from southeast and southwest), while decreased ablation was observed during the cyclone passage and cold air advection (from north, northeast, and west).
Pine radial growth in the Trans-Baikalian steppe and taiga zones as a reflection of the climatic parameters and lake hydrological regime dynamics
Authors: Vakhnina I L , Zamana L V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the annual rings width research of the trunk test core sampled from standing common pines. The purpose of the research is the analysis of the ability to use the radial recruitment changes of the trees growing in different natural zones for further reconstruction and prognosis of the climatic variables and lake hydrological regime. It was revealed that the dynamics of annual rings width in the steppe zone is characterized by the maximum values of the standard deviation and sensitivity to environmental factors in comparison with taiga zone trees. The radial growth of trees in the steppe zone shows a significant positive reaction to atmospheric precipitation and a negative reaction to air temperature from May to October. The influence of meteorological parameters on the annual growth of pine in the taiga zone is less considerable. The analysis of the synchronicity of changes in pine increments in the steppe zone with interannual fluctuations in the water level of Lake Barun-Torey due to the climatic conditions dynamics showed the significant correlation; therefore, the maximum correlation is observed with lake reaction lag for 4-5 years. Dendrochronological analysis of trees in the taiga zone (Baikal-Stanovoye Upland) revealed only a weak correlation with the average annual level of Lake Bount in the current year. Thus, the tree-ring chronology based on pines of steppe zone can be used for retrodiction of the hydrometeorologic elements.
Study on the stability and rheological properties of nitrogen foam under high-pressure condition
Authors: Chen Danqi , Cui Shiti , Liu Zhiliang , Xu Zhengxiao , Li Binfei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
After a period of exploitation of carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir, the water content of oil well keeps increasing, and some wells appear violent water flooding in a short period of time, which leads to the rapid decrease of production. The injection of particle plugging agent is one of the main measures to improve the oil recovery. Foam fluid has the characteristics of low density, high viscosity and low moisture filtration, which can effectively carry plugging particles to the target plugging layers. A stable foam system with high temperature and salinity is optimized and the rheological properties of the foam are studied in this research. The results show that the foam can maintain high viscosity and carry particles effectively even at a higher shear rate.
Method for Determining Lowest Oil Price Limit by Developing Tight Peripheral Oil in Daqing
Authors: Zhu Haihui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The outer oil field of Daqing is a low-permeability oil field, which has a large proportion of the tight oil reserves. Due to the high development costs of the tight oils, many fields are difficult to reach the standard of economic evaluation. It increases the difficulty in optimizing reserves and use of reserves. In the process of the development of the tight oil field, it is important to determine the limit of starting oil price. It is also an important basis for determining the launch of the oil field development project. The evaluation of present value method does not consider the change process of external conditions and has certain limitations. However, the introduction of investment option value method for evaluation can fully consider changes in oil prices and other external factors, and provide a more realistic assessment of the oilfield development process. In the case of low oil prices, some tight oil fields can also be used effectively, which improves the efficiency of resource utilization, increases the scale of reserves utilization, and solves the problem of optimization and evaluation of reserves.
Application of “direct method” in the evaluation of CBM resources in old goaf of Nanzhuang Coal Mine
Authors: Wang Ran 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the cessation of mining in Nanzhuang Coal mine, the amount of gas extraction decreases, and the utilization rate of coalbed methane decreased significantly. Many coalbed methane resources exist in the old goaf after years of mining, which has a very high utilization value, Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the reserves of coal-bed methane in goaf before mining. Based on the geology and production data of No.12 coal seam of Nanzhuang Coal Mine, the application of direct method in Nanzhuang coal mine is explored. The total amount of geological gas in No.12 coal seam was about 159,496,100 m3, among which, the total amount of free gas was about 20,637,100 m3.
Walking-Type Bidirectional Incremental Launching and Mid-Span Closure Technology for Steel Box Girders with Long Cantilevers
Authors: Wang Kai , Lu Wei , Zhang Zhongbiao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Unidirectional incremental launching is not applicable for the incremental launching construction of large-span bridges owing to the span capacity of steel box girders is restricted by the cantilever length and the setting of temporary piers. Aiming at the limitation, by taking Qingdao (Shandong Province)–Lanzhou (Gansu Province) expressway bridge crossing over the main canal in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project as the engineering background, a key construction technique, that is, bidirectional incremental launching and mid-span closure of steel box girders with long cantilevers was proposed. On this basis, the walking-type incremental launching device system and the technique of bidirectional incremental launching and mid-span closure were explored and also a finite element analysis model was established to compute the pre-camber. Moreover, the results of the alignment control of structures during the construction were compared and analyzed. The research result showed that during the construction using bidirectional incremental launching and mid-span closure, it was unnecessary to set the steel launching nose and it was able to greatly improve the span capacity of steel box girders and the construction efficiency during incremental launching. The research provides reliable experience in engineering practice for the future similar engineering.
Research of the Anti-Scale Technology for High Density Brine Killing Fluid
Authors: Wang Xiaofang , Fan Songlin , Han Enjun , Zhang Zufeng , You Qiuyan , Zhao Junfeng , Qin Feixiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
There are various formation damage in the exploitation of shale oil, for example water blocking, water sensitive and incompatibility, and so on, which will influence the recovery period and recovery rate of oil well. In this paper, an Anti-Scale technology for high density brine killing fluid was researched. The result show that the brine killing fluid can withstand high salinity (Ca2+<180000mg/l, NaHCO3<10000mg/l), and has well compatibility with common formation water. The puzzle for the scaling of high density brine kill fluid has been resolved.
Modal Analysis of Components and Whole of Gear Pump
Authors: Guo Fengquan , Du Haiming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The vibration characteristics of Gear pump are studied to avoid the Damage of parts caused by resonance. The modal of Pump body, driving gear shaft, Driven gear shaft and Gear pump are analyzed by using the Workbench module of ansys14.0 analysis software, Statistics of the first ten natural frequencies and the maximum total deformation data, Analyze the modal shape diagram. Comprehensive analysis results, There is a big gap between the natural frequency and the working frequency, the gear pump will not resonate, The local position of the parts and the whole of the gear pump will be deformed, but will not cause damage to the gear pump, and will not affect the performance of the gear pump. Computer aided research of vibration characteristics can shorten the research period and avoid safety problems.
Experimental Study on The Performance of FCV in Standard Test Cycle
Authors: Wang Tong , Jia Guorui , He Shaoqing , Lei Nanlin , Kang Zejun , Zou Daijiang , Zhang Qiang , Kou Wenlong , Xia Lina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The experiments of one FCV (Fuel Cell Vehicle) are conducted in three standard cycle conditions of NEDC (New European Driving Cycle), WLTC (Worldwide Light-duty Test Cycle) and CLTC (China Light-duty vehicle Test Cycle), and the performance of stack power, temperature and system efficiency are compared and analysed. Results show that the variation range of fuel cell system efficiency is ordered as: WLTC > NEDC > CLTC. The efficiency of fuel cell system is highest in CLTC; the fuel cell stack power and temperature are relatively low; the hydrogen consumption is lowest(0.93kg/100km). According to the analysis on experimental data of FCV in NEDC, the output power of stack is proportional to accelerator pedal when the accelerator pedal opening is greater than 25%.