bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary artery pressure response to percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty: Associated factors and clinical implications
Authors: Ferreira de Sales Igor , Lodi‐Junqueira Lucas , Rafael Sant’Anna Athayde Guilherme , Eugenia Alcici Marta , Costa Diamantino Tatiana , Campos Barbosa e Silva Lucas , Vargas Botinha Macedo Frederico , Leal Fraga Clara , Camargos Mucelli Spalaor Breno , Victor Silva Valente Pedro , Rodrigues Soares Juliana , C Tan Timothy , Antonio de Magalhães Esteves William , Pereira Nunes Maria Carmo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a marker of poor outcome in mitral stenosis (MS), which improves after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV). However, mechanical interventions for relief of valve obstruction often but not always reduce pulmonary pressures. This study aimed to assess the parameters associated with abnormal pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) response immediately after a successful PMV, and also its impact on long‐term outcome.MethodsA total of 181 patients undergoing PMV for rheumatic MS were prospectively enrolled. Invasive hemodynamic and echocardiographic measures were examined in all patients. Abnormal PAP response was defined as the mean PAP (mPAP) values unchanged at the end of the procedure. Long‐term outcome was a composite endpoint of death, mitral valve replacement, repeat PMV, new onset of atrial fibrillation (AF), or stroke.ResultsThe mean age was 44.1 ± 12.6 years, and 157 patients were women (86.7%). In the overall population, mPAP decreased from 33.4 ± 13.1 mmHg pre to 27.6 ± 9.8 mmHg post (p < 0.001). Following PMV, 52 patients (28.7%) did not have any reduction of mPAP immediately after the PMV. Multivariable analysis adjusting for baseline values of PAP and mitral valve area revealed that AF (Odds ratio [OR] 2.7, 95% [confidence interval] CI 1.3 to 6.7), maximum mitral valve leaflets displacement (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7 to 0.9), and post‐procedural left ventricular compliance (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5 to 0.9) were predictors of a lack of improvement in mPAP. During a median follow‐up of 4.4 years, the endpoint was reached in 56 patients (31%). The pulmonary pressure response to PMV was not an independent predictor of long‐term events.ConclusionsIn patients with MS undergoing PMV, pulmonary pressures may not reduce immediately after the procedure, despite adequate opening of the valve. Abnormal PAP response can be predicted from baseline clinical and valvular characteristics as well as post‐procedural left ventricular compliance. The lack of any immediate reduction in mPAP is not associated with long‐term adverse outcomes.
Facile Synthesis of N,P‐codoped Hard Carbon Nanoporous Microspheres from Lignin for High‐Performance Anodes of Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jie , Duan Jingying , Zhang Yang , Chen Mingming , Ji Kemeng , Wang Chengyang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe demonstrate a facile emulsion‐solvent evaporation process to easily convert lignin into nanoporous N,P‐codoped hard carbon microspheres. The combined physiochemical characterizations indicate this material possesses micro‐structure suitable for electrochemical energy storage. The electrochemical measurements of sodium ion battery (SIB) show that such lignin‐derived carbon microspheres also follow the widely‐accepted adsorption‐intercalation Na‐storage mechanism. The Na+ diffusion coefficient in as‐obtained electrode could reach 10−9 cm2 s−1. They exhibit quite excellent and balanced Na‐storage performances, such as large reversible and low‐voltage capacity (up to 307–336 and 229–246 mAh g−1, respectively), high initial coulombic efficiency (78.7–82.4 %), and good rate performance as well as long cycling stability (e. g., retaining at 248 mAh g−1 and a retention of ∼92.2 % after running at 0.1 A g−1 for 200 cycles). Consequently, this work not only provides a facile approach to realize high added‐value utilization of lignin but also contributes to the development of eco‐environmental batteries using low‐cost materials.
Novel Cofacial Porphyrin‐Based Homo‐ and Heterotrimetallic Complexes of Transition Metals
Authors: Schissler Christoph , Schneider Erik K. , Lebedkin Sergei , Weis Patrick , Niedner‐Schatteburg Gereon , Kappes Manfred M. , Bräse Stefan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present a straightforward and generally applicable synthesis route for cofacially linked homo‐ and heterotrimetallic trisporphyin complexes. The protocol encompasses synthesising the first aryl‐based, trans‐o‐phenylene trisporphyrin starting from pyrrole and benzaldehyde with an overall yield of 3.6 %. It also allows investigating the respective cis‐isomer as the first conformationally restricted planar‐chiral trisporphyrin. The free‐base ligand was used in subsequent metalation reactions to afford the corresponding homotrimetallic Mn(III)‐, Fe(III)‐, Ni(II)‐, Cu(II)‐, Zn(II)‐ and Pd(II) complexes – additionally, a small adaptation of the protocol resulted in the defined Ni(II)Fe(III)Ni(II) complex in a total yield of 2.3 %. By monitoring Ni(II) insertion into the empty trimeric ligands, we affirmed that the outer porphyrin rings are filled before the internal ring. The molecular species were characterised by 1H NMR, UV‐Vis, photoluminescence, IR, MS, CID, and high‐resolution IMS measurements.
Mutual Prodrugs of 5‐Fluorouracil: From a Classic Chemotherapeutic Agent to Novel Potential Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Ciaffaglione Valeria , Modica Maria N. , Pittalà Valeria , Romeo Giuseppe , Salerno Loredana , Intagliata Sebastiano 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe development of potent antitumor agents with a low toxicological profile against healthy cells is still one of the greatest challenges facing medicinal chemistry. In this context, the “mutual prodrug” approach has emerged as a potential tool to overcome undesirable physicochemical features and mitigate the side effects of approved drugs. Among broad‐spectrum chemotherapeutics available for clinical use today, 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) is one of the most representative, also included in the World Health Organization model list of essential medicines. Unfortunately, severe side effects and drug resistance phenomena are still the primary limits and drawbacks in its clinical use. This review describes the progress made over the last ten years in developing 5‐FU‐based mutual prodrugs to improve the therapeutic profile and achieve targeted delivery to cancer tissues.
Individual‐ and neighborhood‐level socioeconomic status and risk of aggressive breast cancer subtypes in a pooled cohort of women from Kaiser Permanente Northern California
Authors: Aoki Rhonda‐Lee F. , Uong Stephen P. , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Alexeeff Stacey E. , Caan Bette J. , Kushi Lawrence H. , Torres Jacqueline M. , Guan Alice , Canchola Alison J. , Morey Brittany N. , Lin Katherine , Kroenke Candyce H. 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundLow socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with a higher risk of aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtypes, but few studies have examined the independent effects of both neighborhood‐level socioeconomic status (nSES) and individual‐level SES measures.MethodsThis study included 5547 women from the Pathways and Life After Cancer Epidemiology cohorts who were diagnosed with invasive BC. Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine associations of nSES (a composite score based on income, poverty, education, occupation, employment, rent, and house value) and individual‐level SES (income and education) with BC subtypes: luminal B (LumB), Her2‐enriched (Her2‐e), and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) relative to luminal A (LumA). Models controlled for age, race, nativity, stage, days from diagnosis to survey, and study cohort and simultaneously for nSES and individual‐level SES.ResultsIn fully adjusted models, low nSES was significantly associated with the LumB (odds ratio for quartile 1 vs quartile 4 [ORQ1vQ4], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11‐1.54;Pfor trend = .005) and TNBC subtypes (ORQ1vQ4, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.71;Pfor trend = .037) relative to LumA. Conversely, individual education was significantly associated with only the Her2‐e subtype (odds ratio for high school degree or less vs postgraduate, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.03‐2.75;Pfor trend = .030) relative to LumA. Individual income was not significantly associated with any BC subtype.ConclusionsnSES and individual‐level SES are independently associated with different BC subtypes; specifically, low nSES and individual‐level education are independent predictors of more aggressive BC subtypes relative to LumA.
Comparative description of themRNAexpression profile of Na+/K+‐ATPaseisoforms in adult mouse nervous system
Authors: Jiao Song , Johnson Kory , Moreno Cristina , Yano Sho , Holmgren Miguel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMutations in genes encoding Na+/K+‐ATPase α1, α2, and α3 subunits cause a wide range of disabling neurological disorders, and dysfunction of Na+/K+‐ATPase may contribute to neuronal injury in stroke and dementia. To better understand the pathogenesis of these diseases, it is important to determine the expression patterns of the different Na+/K+‐ATPase subunits within the brain and among specific cell types. Using two available scRNA‐Seq databases from the adult mouse nervous system, we examined the mRNA expression patterns of the different isoforms of the Na+/K+‐ATPase α, β andFxydsubunits at the single‐cell level among brain regions and various neuronal populations. We subsequently identified specific types of neurons enriched with transcripts for α1 and α3 isoforms and elaborated how α3‐expressing neuronal populations govern cerebellar neuronal circuits. We further analyzed the co‐expression network for α1 and α3 isoforms, highlighting the genes that positively correlated with α1 and α3 expression. The top 10 genes for α1 wereChn2,Hpcal1,Nrgn,Neurod1,Selm,Kcnc1,Snrk,Snap25,CkbandCcndbp1and for α3 wereSorcs3,Eml5,Neurod2,Ckb,Tbc1d4,Ptprz1,Pvrl1,Kirrel3,Pvalb, andAsic2.
Gender quotas and the environment: Environmental performance and enforcement
Authors: Marchini Pier Luigi , Tibiletti Veronica , Mazza Tatiana , Gabrielli Gianluca 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between the implementation of mandatory gender quotas on boards and companies' environmental indicators for Italian listed firms from 2010 to 2018. First, based on the upper echelon and resource dependence theories, we expect that the resources provided by female directors appointed under a coercive legal approach will lead to a reduction in firms' greenhouse gas emissions and an increase in recycled waste. These resources are mainly based on female personality, backgrounds and environmental commitment, which improve firms' environmental decision‐making. Second, based on the gender socialisation and overconfidence theories, we expect that women's attention to stakeholders and experts will be negatively related to firms' environmental violations, which result in litigation and penalties. To test our hypotheses we used a content analysis and a staggered difference‐in‐difference multivariate regression model. Our results confirm our expectations for environmental performance and litigation, but not for penalties.
Retinal phenotyping of variants of Alzheimer's disease using ultra‐widefield retinal images
Authors: Csincsik Lajos , Quinn Nicola , Yong Keir X. X. , Crutch Sebastian J. , Peto Tunde , Lengyel Imre 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPosterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is the most common atypical variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Changes associated with PCA in the brain affect the visual cortex, but little is known about retinal changes in PCA. In this study, we explored retinal phenotypic variations in typical AD (tAD) and PCA.MethodsRetinal phenotyping was carried out on ultra‐widefield (UWF) images of 69 control, 24 tAD, and 25 PCA participants.ResultsIndividuals with tAD (odds ratio [OR] = 2.76 [confidence interval (CI):1.24 to 6.10], P = .012) and PCA (OR = 3.40 [CI:1.25 to 9.22], P = .016) were more likely phenotyped as hard drusen. tAD (OR = 0.34 [CI:0.12 to 0.92], P = .035) were less likely to have soft drusen compared to control. Almost 3‐fold increase in reticular pseudodrusen formation in tAD (OR = 2.93 [CI:1.10 to 7.76], P = .030) compared to control was estimated.DiscussionStudying the peripheral retina may contribute to a better understanding of differences in retinal phenotypes of different AD variants.
In vitro metabolic studies of novel selective androgen receptor modulators and their use for doping control analysis
Authors: Kowalczyk Katarzyna , Torres‐Elguera Julio César , Jarek Anna , Konopka Anna , Kwiatkowska Dorota , Bulska Ewa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSelective androgen receptor modulators were developed as a treatment of choice for diseases that are currently treated or symtomatically treated with steroidal androgens. The present study aimed to explore the metabolic pathways of four structurally unrelated SARMs, namely, PF‐06260414, TFM‐4AS‐1, BMS‐564929, and GSK 2881078, in terms of their potential toxicology or doping control analysis. Detected metabolism, mainly resulting from a single or multiple hydroxylations, methoxylation, demethylation, dehydrogenation, and glucuronidation, was considered as potential markers of intake of examined SARMs.
R package for animal behavior classification from accelerometer data—rabc
Authors: Yu Hui , Klaassen Marcel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreasingly, animal behavior studies are enhanced through the use of accelerometry. To allow translation of raw accelerometer data to animal behaviors requires the development of classifiers. Here, we present the “rabc” (r for animal behavior classification) package to assist researchers with the interactive development of such animal behavior classifiers in a supervised classification approach. The package uses datasets consisting of accelerometer data with their corresponding animal behaviors (e.g., for triaxial accelerometer data along the x, y and z axes arranged as “x, y, z, x, y, z,…, behavior”). Using an example dataset collected on white stork (Ciconia ciconia), we illustrate the workflow of this package, including accelerometer data visualization, feature calculation, feature selection, feature visualization, extreme gradient boost model training, validation, and, finally, a demonstration of the behavior classification results.
Protection against allergies: Microbes, immunity, and the farming effect
Authors: Deckers Julie , Marsland Benjamin J. , von Mutius Erika 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe prevalence of asthma and other allergic diseases has rapidly increased in “Westernized” countries over recent decades. This rapid increase suggests the involvement of environmental factors, behavioral changes or lifestyle, rather than genetic drift. It has become increasingly clear that the microbiome plays a key role in educating the host immune system and, thus, regulation of disease susceptibility. This review will focus on recent advances uncovering immunological and microbial mechanisms that protect against allergies, in particular, within the context of a farming environment. A whole body of epidemiological data disclosed the nature of the protective exposures in a farm. Current evidence points toward an important role of the host microbiome in setting an immunological equilibrium that determines progression toward, or protection against allergic diseases. Conclusive mechanistic insights on how microbial exposures prevent from developing allergic diseases in humans are still lacking but findings from experimental models reveal plausible immunological mechanisms. Gathering further knowledge on these mechanisms and confirming their relevance in humans is of great importance to develop preventive strategies for children at risk of developing allergies.
Luminescence Detection of Ag+ and Phosphate Ions by a Ruthenium(II) Complex‐Based Multianalyte Probe: A Combined Spectroscopic, Crystallographic, and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Sen Bhaskar , Kumar Patra Sumit , Rabha Monosh , Kumar Sheet Sanjoy , Aguan Kripamoy , Samanta Debabrata , Khatua Snehadrinarayan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA bis‐heteroleptic Ru(II) complex, 1[PF6]2, of substituted pyridyl‐1,2,3‐triazole ligand (L1) has been developed for the photoluminescence(PL) detection of phosphate (HP2O73−/PPi) and Ag+ ion in distilled CH3CN and mixed aqueous buffer (carbonate‐bicarbonate buffer/CH3CN; v/v, 9.5 : 0.5; 0.1 M; pH 10.6) at two different wavelengths, respectively. The multianalyte probe, 1[PF6]2 showed significant PL enhancement in the presence of H2PO4−, PPi, and Ag+ with low detection limits of 0.48 μM, 0.43 μM, and 0.46 μM, respectively. The PL enhancement with phosphate ions is due to the triazole C−H⋅⋅⋅anion H‐bonding interaction that has been supported by 1H NMR titration (for PPi) and single‐crystal X‐ray structure (for H2PO4−). A unique Ag(I)‐triazolide complex formation is responsible for the PL enhancement in Ag+ ion detection. Triplet state TDDFT calculations were carried out to explain the PL enhancement of 1 ⋅ PPi and 1‐Ag adducts. In 1‐Ag, the L1 ligand becomes a better σ‐donor as well as π‐donor. Consequently, the 3MLCT‐3MC energy gap is increased and the 1‐Ag emits efficiently from the 3MLCT state. The probe also shows low cytotoxicity against Hela cells and is used for intracellular Ag+ imaging.
Simplified computational methods for estimating dynamic impedance of batter pile groups in homogeneous soil
Authors: Cemalovic Miran , Husebø Jan B. , Kaynia Amir M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA simplification of existing analytical solutions together with an extended hybrid model is proposed for estimating the horizontal impedance of batter pile groups subjected to harmonic loading. The solutions are given through compact interaction factors and analogue pile‐soil‐pile interaction elements. Benefits and pitfalls of the simplified models are elucidated through a comprehensive comparison with a refined finite element model. The effect of varying center‐to‐center pile distance with respect to depth is discussed. It is shown that the analytical model is able to represent pile‐soil‐pile interaction rather well within the specified framework.
A lightweight data transmission reduction method based on a dual prediction technique for sensor networks
Authors: Jain Khushboo , Kumar Anoop 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn essential design concern in a resource‐constraint sensor network is optimizing data transmission for each sensor node (SN) to prolong the network lifetime. Many research works cited that the dual prediction technique remains the most efficient technique for data reduction. A large amount of redundant data is usually transmitted across the network, leading to collisions, loss of data, and energy dissipation. This article proposes a data transmission reduction method (DTRM) to solve these problems, implemented on the cluster heads and operates in rounds. DTRM is lightweight in processing, has low complexity costs, and needs a limited memory footprint, but it is robust and effective. It can be combined with any form of cluster‐based data aggregation. We have incorporated the proposed DTRM with the data aggregation‐adaptive frame method (DA‐AFM), implemented on the SNs within the clusters. DA‐AFM can eliminate temporal redundancies and correlations in the sensor's time‐series readings. This helps the SN take fewer readings, which improves the efficiency of reducing data transmission and decreases the amount of energy spent during sensing. The proposed DTRM approach decreases the average transmission rates of data while maintaining data quality. This study is evaluated on real data obtained from the Intel Berkeley Lab and compared with three recent data reduction techniques focused on prediction. The results show that DTRM consumes up to 70% less energy while preserving the expected quality of data and reducing transmission.
Assessment of the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activities of eight kiwi berry (Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zuccarini) Miquel) varieties in China
Authors: Zhang Jiyue , Tian Jinlong , Gao Ningxuan , Gong Er Sheng , Xin Guang , Liu Changjiang , Si Xu , Sun Xiyun , Li Bin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe kiwi berry (Actinidia arguta) is a new product on the market that expanding worldwide acceptance and consumption. This widespread interest has created an increasing demand to identify the nutritional and health benefits of kiwi berry. Many studies are being actively conducted to investigate the composition and health‐promoting effects of kiwi berry. In this study, the phytochemical content of free and bound fractions of eight kiwi berry varieties were systematically investigated in order to better understand the potential of this superfood crop. Nine phenolic monomers were identified and quantified by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography‐PAD. Antioxidant activity was further determined via peroxyl radical scavenging capacity and cellular antioxidant activity assays. The free extracts had higher phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities than the corresponding bound extracts among the eight kiwi berry varieties. Bivariate Pearson's and multivariate correlation analyses showed that antioxidant activities were most related to the total phenolic, flavonoid, vitamin C, and phenolic acids contents. The results provide a theoretical basis for the selection of kiwi berry varieties and the utilization of functional foods.
Effectiveness of a mindfulness intervention for older adults to improve emotional well‐being and cognitive function in a Chinese population: A randomized waitlist‐controlled trial
Authors: Lee Eric Kam‐Pui , Wong Bel , Chan Peter Hoi Shing , Zhang Daisy Dexing , Sun Wen , Chan Dicken Cheong‐Chun , Gao Ting , Ho Florence , Kwok Timothy Chi Yui , Wong Samuel Yeung‐Shan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the effect of a modified mindfulness‐based stress reduction (mMBSR) program on mental well‐being and cognitive function of older adults.MethodTwo hundred and fourty‐six participants were randomly assigned to mMBSR (n = 120) group or waitlist control group which received mMBSR at 2‐month (n = 123). Data collected at baseline, 2 and 4 months after recruitment. Primary outcome: mental well‐being: Short Warwick‐Edinburgh Mental Well‐being Scale (SWEMWBS). Secondary outcomes: Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Form, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), international shopping list test, self‐compassion scale, peace of mind scale, geriatric depression scale (GDS), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). In modified‐intention‐to‐treat analysis, paired t‐test for within group comparison, and ANCOVA to compare group differences at 2‐months with adjustment of baseline values.ResultsMost participants were female (83.7%), living with others (67.0%), and married (50.7%). No significant difference of baseline characteristics except sleep quality. At 2 months, intervention group reported better mental well‐being (0.9, 95%CI: 0.1–1.8, p = 0.025) and less depressive symptoms (−1.0; 95%CI: −1.7 to −0.3, p = 0.004). Within group at 2 months, intervention group had improvement in: mental well‐being (SWEMWBS: 22.5–23.4, p = 0.011), cognitive function (MOCA: 24.6–25.8, p < 0.001; VFT: 38.7–42.1, p < 0.001), depressive symptoms (GDS: 4.1–3.1, p < 0.001), and sleep quality (PSQI: 8.3–6.7, p < 0.001). All these changes, except mental well‐being, were sustained at 4 months.DiscussionAttrition rate was 14% and mindfulness intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable in older adults. Major limitation of the study was the absence of an active control group to control for non‐specific effect.