bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Role of Trust in Information Sources, Adoption of Preventive Practices, Volunteering and Degree of Training on Biological Risk Prevention, on Perceived Risk of Infection and Usage of Personal Protective Equipment Among Italian Medical Students During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Maietti Elisa , Greco Manfredi , Reno Chiara , Rallo Flavia , Trerè Davide , Savoia Elena , Fantini Maria Pia , Scheier Lawrence M. , Gori Davide 
Published: October 2021

Background: During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the University of Bologna Medical School surveyed medical students to learn more about their preparation to confront challenges posed by the pandemic and whether it affects perceptions of viral infection risk. This information could help design risk-reduction interventions with training to mitigate possible viral exposure.Method: A cross-sectional online survey examining students' characteristics, volunteer status, adoption of evidence-based preventive measures, trust in information sources used, infectious disease training, and knowledge of PPE usage in relation to perceived risk of infection from SARS-CoV-2 in daily living, academic, and healthcare activities. A multivariate path model estimated the simultaneous influences of all exogenous factors on perceived risk. A Poisson regression model assessed the same multivariate effects on knowledge of PPE usage.Results: The analysis sample included 537 respondents. Perceived risk of infection was highest in hospital activities. On average, students were able to use only four out of seven types of PPE albeit they adopted most of the evidence-based preventive measures. Adoption of preventive measures was positively associated with perceived risk of COVID infection. Conversely, training on PPE usage and volunteer work were associated with lower perceived risk in healthcare setting and higher PPE knowledge.Conclusion: Implementing early safety-based educational programs remedy students' lack of knowledge in infectious disease prevention and mitigate their risk of infection. Voluntary work should be encouraged with potential benefit for both their continued medical training and strengthening the healthcare system's response to public health emergencies.
Prevalence and Morphology of the Coracoclavicular Joint: An Osteological Study of 2,724 Subjects Using Univariable and Multivariable Logistic Regression Analyses
Authors: Harlow Ethan Robert , Sasala Lee M. , Talbot Christopher E. , Desai Bijal J. , Ina Jason , Miskovsky Shana 
Published: October 2021

Background: The coracoclavicular joint (CCJ) is an anomalous articulation between the surfaces of the inferior clavicle and superior coracoid and its etiology is controversial. Reportedly, symptomatic patients demonstrate significant functional limitations including shoulder abduction loss and potential for brachial plexus compression and impingement.Purpose: To determine the prevalence of CCJ across age, gender and ethnicity, and to identify clinically useful morphological characteristics.Methods: 2,724 subjects with intact clavicles and scapulae from the Hamann-Todd Osteological Collection were evaluated for the presence of CCJ. Logistic regression was used to determine the effect of age, height, gender, and race on prevalence of CCJ. 354 clavicles with CCJ were measured for size and location of the CCJ facet.Results: CCJ was observed in 9% of subjects. CCJ was more prevalent in African-Americans (12%) than Caucasian-Americans (6%) (p &lt; 0.001) and more prevalent in females (11%) than males (8%) (p = 0.055). Facet location along clavicle length was consistent (average 25%, range 15–35%). But, facet location along clavicle width varied (average 60%, range 10–90%), with males having a more posterior location. For every 10-year increase in age, facet elevation (p = 0.001) and surface area (p &lt; 0.001) increased.Conclusions: CCJ prevalence was 9% in our large osseous population, found more commonly in African-Americans and females. Facet location is predictable with respect to clavicle length, but less so along clavicle width. The clavicular facet may develop at some point in life and continue to grow in size after its appearance.Clinical Relevance: Presence of a CCJ represents a potential overlooked source of anterior shoulder pain and supracoracoid impingement. Epidemiologic and morphological characteristics presented in our study can aid in the identification, clinical understanding, and surgical excision of a symptomatic CCJ. Level of Evidence: Level IV.
Urine collection devices to reduce contamination in urine samples for diagnosis of uncomplicated UTI: a single-blind randomised controlled trial in primary care
Authors: Hayward Gail , Mort Sam , Yu Ly-Mee , Voysey Merryn , Glogowska Margaret , Croxson Caroline , Yang Yaling , Allen Julie , Cook Johanna , Tearne Sarah , Blakey Nicola , Tonner Sharon , Sharma Vanshika , Patil Meena , Kelly Sadie , Butler Christopher C 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundUrine collection devices (UCDs) are being marketed and used in clinical settings to reduce urine sample contamination, despite inadequate supporting evidence.AimTo determine whether UCDs, compared with standardised instructions for urine sample collection, reduce the proportion of contaminated samples.Design and settingSingle-blind randomised controlled trial in general practices in England and Wales.MethodWomen aged ≥18 years presenting with symptoms attributable to urinary tract infection (UTI) were randomised (1:1:1) to use either a Peezy UCD or a Whiz Midstream UCD, or were given standardised verbal instructions (SVI) for midstream sample collection. The primary outcome was the proportion of urine samples reported as contaminated by microbiology laboratory analysis.ResultsA total of 1264 women (Peezy UCD: n = 424; Whiz Midstream UCD: n = 421; SVI: n = 419) were randomised between October 2016 and August 2018. Ninety women were excluded from the primary analysis as a result of ineligibility or lack of primary outcome data, leaving 1174 (Peezy UCD: n = 381; Whiz Midstream UCD: n = 390; SVI: n = 403) for intention-to-treat analysis. The proportion of contaminated samples was 26.5% with the Peezy UCD, 28.2% with the Whiz Midstream UCD, and 29.0% with SVI (relative risk: Peezy UCD versus SVI = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.76 to 1.09, P = 0.32; Whiz Midstream UCD versus SVI = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97 to 1.20, P = 0.82). There were 100 (25.3%) device failures with the Peezy UCD and 35 (8.8%) with the Whiz Midstream UCD; the proportion of contaminated samples was similar after device failure samples were excluded.ConclusionNeither the Peezy UCD nor the Whiz Midstream UCD reduced urine sample contamination when used by women presenting to primary care with suspected UTI. Their use cannot be recommended for this purpose in this setting.
Psychodynamic personal predictors of alcohol addiction propensity for lawenforcement officers
Authors: Shapoval Valentin 
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the study of personality predictors of alcohol addiction propensity of internal affairs bodies employees within innovative psychodynamic G. Ammon’s (psychoanalytic) approach and structural-dynamic concept of personality. The novelty of the research is the original author’s psychodiagnostic toolkit – Psychodynamically oriented personality questionnaire (POLO) «Resource» and an expert psychodiagnostic system for assessing and predicting the professional psychological health of lawenforcers based on the assessment of central self-functions of the individual rooted in the unconscious.
The relevance of the study is due to a significant number of violations of job discipline and legality. That includes accidents committed by employees while intoxicated, often with serious consequences and criminal prosecution, as well as the fairly widespread and concealed cases of alcohol addictions among lawenforcement officers. Another important factor is lack of effective methods of psychodiagnostics, psychocorrection and psychoprophylaxis. The study is based on a comparative analysis of 2 representative polar groups of internal affairs officers: the one verified prone and another of not prone to alcohol abuse. The study revealed that employees prone to alcohol addiction demonstrate a number of reliable psychodynamic personality characteristics that can be viewed as predictors: destructive aggression, deficit fear, deficient internal self-delimitation, as well as the general predominance of destructive-deficient components of the personal self-structure; indicators of psychosomatic, behavioral and neurotic maladaptation, and the integral scale of the general socio-psycho-somatic problem of POLO «Resource».
The practical significance of the study is determined by the development of psychodynamic predictors and a special psychodiagnostic scale of propensity for alcohol addiction based on the Resource POLO, which can be used as an effective psychodiagnostic tool when conducting screening and monitoring psychoprophylactic examinations of employees and individual psychocorrectional work within the framework of the psychological support system of employees.
Legal Restrictions for Persons Who Have Committed Crimes
Authors: Nechepurenko Aleksey 
Published: October 2021

The approaches of the Russian lawmaker to institute control over law for persons who have committed
crimes are analyzed in the article. The paper investigates the fact that given legal restrictions are used
as retaliatory measures not only for those who have committed crimes. Having manifested the danger
for the society the criminal suffers from other restrictions of the rights during the court procedure
and furthermore. Moreover, many legal restrictions are applied not only to the persons who are under
trial or have a criminal record but also to those who are relieved of criminal responsibility due to nonrehabilitating
circumstances. Key law positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on
arguable points of lawmaker’s introduction of law restrictions for the people who have committed crimes
are formulated. Conclusions are drawn that many legal restrictions for such category of people concerning
their labour activities contradict each other. Recommendations of strategic and tactical character are
given, such as to reform the institute of previous convictions and to make universal law restrictions for
those who have committed crimes. The realization of the tactical aspect is connected with the procedure
of giving more precise definitions to many federal laws dealing with legal restrictions for this category of
people. In particular, the question is about complete equality of prohibitions when joining and serving
in law enforcement agencies, about federal unique list of discharge from criminal responsibility which is
the reason to prohibit service in law enforcement agencies and other agencies.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN PROBLEM POSING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Rahayu Suri M , Liyana O , Anggraini Eka N 
Published: October 2021

The research used is experimental research. The population in this study were all students of class X SMA Al Azhar 3 Bandar Lampung. The population is spread in 8 classes. Two classes were sampled, namely class X 3 as the experimental class and class X 1 as the control class. Sampling technique using the Cluster Rundom Samplin Technique. Data analysis used statistical formulas. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the problem approach on students' mathematics learning outcomes. Based on the research results obtained and the total distribution at the significant level is known while the significant level is known. Thus, it appears that both at the level and it is not in the area of acceptance, so that there is "The Effect of the Application of the Problem Posing Approach on Students' Mathematics Learning Outcomes"
Sosialisasi Penyimpanan dan Pengamanan Dokumen Rekam Medis di Rumah Sakit Surabaya Medical Services
Authors: Amir Amirali 
Published: October 2021

Rumah sakit Surabaya medical Service memiliki sistem informasi manajemen rumah sakit (SIMRS) yang bernama Medical Managemen Service (MMS). SIMRS MMS ini akan mencetak nomer rekam medis, namun pencetakan nomer rekam medis masih beragam. Ada yang berformat angka dengan 5 digit angka, ada yang angka diikuti huruf, dengan tanda (-), ada yang kombinasi huruf dan angka. Contoh : 353xx, C-0510xx, P000xx. Melihat akan kondisi yang demikian yang terjadi di Rumah Sakit Surabaya Medical Service, maka tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu untuk mensosialisasikan konsep dan regulasi terkait penyimpanan, penjajaran (filing) dan pengamanan dokumen rekam medis (DRM). Metode dalam kegiatan ini yaitu dalam bentuk kegiatan sosialisasi penyimpanan, penjajaran (filing) dan pengamanan DRM yang dilaksanakan secara daring. Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh 20 peserta yang terdiri dari pegawai rumah sakit dari unit pendaftaran rawat jalan, rawat inap, pendaftaran pasien, IGD, pimpinan rumah sakit serta mahasiswa kampus stikes Yayasan rumah sakit Dr.Soetomo sehingga acara ini bersifat lebih interaktif karena tidak hanya menyerap ilmu dari narasumber saja, tetapi peserta dapat bertanya dan melakukan diskusi tentang sistem penyimpanan dan pengamanan DRM. Dalam pelaksanaannya, kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 20 orang peserta. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa target peserta tercapai 100%. Ketercapaian target materi yang dibahas oleh narasumber adalah telah tersampaikan semua, hal ini sudah sesuai dengan apa yang tertulis dalam format PPT untuk sosialisasi dan penyampaian materi tentang sistem penyimpanan, penjajaran (filing) dan pengamanan DRM. Kegiatan ini mendapat sambutan sangat baik terbukti dengan keaktifan peserta melalui banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan melalui forum tanya jawab
A Local Baseline of the Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Active Galaxies. IV. Correlations Between M
BH and Host Galaxy σ, Stellar Mass, and Luminosity
Authors: Bennert Vardha N. , Treu Tommaso , Ding Xuheng , Stomberg Isak , Birrer Simon , Snyder Tomas , Malkan Matthew A. , Stephens Andrew W. , Auger Matthew W. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The tight correlations between the mass of supermassive black holes (M
BH) and their host-galaxy properties have been of great interest to the astrophysical community, but a clear understanding of their origin and fundamental drivers still eludes us. The local relations for active galaxies are interesting in their own right and form the foundation for any evolutionary study over cosmic time. We present Hubble Space Telescope optical imaging of a sample of 66 local active galactic nuclei (AGNs); for 14 objects, we also obtained Gemini near-infrared images. We use state-of-the-art methods to perform surface photometry of the AGN host galaxies, decomposing them into spheroid, disk, and bar (when present), and inferring the luminosity and stellar mass of the components. We combine this information with spatially resolved kinematics obtained at the Keck Telescopes to study the correlations between M
BH (determined from single-epoch virial estimators) and host galaxy properties. The correlations are uniformly tight for our AGN sample, with intrinsic scatter 0.2–0.4 dex, smaller than or equal to that of quiescent galaxies. We find no difference between pseudo and classical bulges or barred and nonbarred galaxies. We show that all the tight correlations can be simultaneously satisfied by AGN hosts in the 107–109
M
⊙ regime, with data of sufficient quality. The M
BH–σ relation is also in agreement with that of AGN with M
BH obtained from reverberation mapping, providing an indirect validation of single-epoch virial estimators of M
BH.
The Quest for the Missing Dust. I. Restoring Large-scale Emission in Herschel Maps of Local Group Galaxies
Authors: Clark Christopher J. R. , Roman-Duval Julia C. , Gordon Karl D. , Bot Caroline , Smith Matthew W. L. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Because the galaxies of the Local Group have such large angular sizes, much of their diffuse, large-angular-scale emission is filtered out by the Herschel data reduction process. In this work, we restore this previously missed dust in Herschel observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud, M31, and M33. We do this by combining Herschel data (including new reductions for the Magellanic Clouds), in Fourier space, with lower-resolution data from all-sky surveys (Planck, IRAS, and COBE) that did not miss the extended emission. With these new maps, we find that a significant amount of emission was missing from uncorrected Herschel data of these galaxies: over 20% in some bands. Our new photometry also resolves the disagreement between fluxes reported from older HERITAGE Magellanic Cloud Herschel reductions and fluxes reported from other telescopes. More emission is restored in shorter-wavelength bands, especially in the galaxies’ peripheries, making these regions 20%–40% bluer than before. We also find that the Herschel-PACS instrument response conflicts with the all-sky data, over the 20′–90′ angular scales to which they are both sensitive, by up to 31%. By binning our new data based on hydrogen column density, we are able to detect emission from dust at low interstellar medium densities (at ΣH < 1 M
⊙ pc−2 in some cases), and are able to detect emission at much lower densities (a factor of 2.2 lower on average, and more than a factor of 7 lower in several cases) than was possible with uncorrected data.
The Crab Nebula as a Calibrator for Wide-beam Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Surveys
Authors: Masi Silvia , de Bernardis Paolo , Columbro Fabio , Coppolecchia Alessandro , D’Alessandro Giuseppe , Mele Lorenzo , Paiella Alessandro , Piacentini Francesco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We analyze the effect of polarized diffuse emission in the calibration of wide-beam millimeter-wave polarimeters, when using the Crab Nebula as a reference source for both polarized brightness and polarization angle. We show that, for CMB polarization experiments aiming at detecting B-mode in a scenario with a tensor to scalar ratio r ∼ 0.001, wide (a few degrees in diameter), precise (

σ

Q

,

σ

U

∼
20

μ

K

CMB

arcmin

), high angular resolution (<FWHM) reference maps are needed to properly take into account the effects of diffuse polarized emission and avoid significant bias in the calibration.
SOFIA-upGREAT Imaging Spectroscopy of the [C ii] 158 μm Fine-structure Line of the Sgr B Region in the Galactic Center
Authors: Harris A. I. , Güsten R. , Requena-Torres M. A. , Riquelme D. , Morris M. R. , Stacey G. J. , Martìn-Pintado J. , Stutzki J. , Simon R. , Higgins R. , Risacher C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We report SOFIA-upGREAT spectroscopic imaging of the [C ii] 158 μm spectral line, as well as a number of [O i] 63 μm spectra, across a 67 × 45 pc field toward the Sgr B region in our Galactic center. The fully sampled and velocity-resolved [C ii] images have 0.55 pc spatial and 1 km s−1 velocity resolutions. We find that Sgr B extends as a coherent structure spanning some 34 pc along the Galactic plane. Bright [C ii] emission encompasses Sgr B1 (G0.5–0.0) and the G 0.6–0.0 H ii region and passes behind and beyond the luminous star-forming cores toward Sgr B2 (G0.7–0.0). Sgr B is a major contributor to the entire Galactic center’s [C ii] luminosity, with surface brightness comparable to [C ii] from the Arches region. [C ii], 70 μm, and 20 cm emissions share nearly identical spatial distributions. Combined with the lack of [C ii] self-absorption, this indicates that these probes trace UV on the near surfaces of more extended clouds visible in CO isotopologues and 160 μm continuum. Stars from regions of local star formation likely dominate the UV field. Photodissociation regions and H ii regions contribute similar amounts of [C ii] flux. The extreme star formation cores of Sgr B2 contribute negligible amounts to the total [C ii] intensity from the Sgr B region. Velocity fields and association with a narrow dust lane indicate that they may have been produced in a local cloud–cloud collision. The cores are likely local analogs of the intense star formation regions where ideas to explain the “C+ deficit” in ultraluminous galaxies can be tested.
Kinematics of Antlia 2 and Crater 2 from the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S
5)
Authors: Ji Alexander P. , Koposov Sergey E. , Li Ting S. , Erkal Denis , Pace Andrew B. , Simon Joshua D. , Belokurov Vasily , Cullinane Lara R. , Da Costa Gary S. , Kuehn Kyler , Lewis Geraint F. , Mackey Dougal , Shipp Nora , Simpson Jeffrey D. , Zucker Daniel B. , Hansen Terese T. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss ,   (S5 Collaboration)
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We present new spectroscopic observations of the diffuse Milky Way satellite galaxies Antlia 2 and Crater 2, taken as part of the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S
5). The new observations approximately double the number of confirmed member stars in each galaxy and more than double the spatial extent of spectroscopic observations in Antlia 2. A full kinematic analysis, including Gaia EDR3 proper motions, detects a clear velocity gradient in Antlia 2 and a tentative velocity gradient in Crater 2. The velocity gradient magnitudes and directions are consistent with particle stream simulations of tidal disruption. Furthermore, the orbit and kinematics of Antlia 2 require a model that includes the reflex motion of the Milky Way induced by the Large Magellanic Cloud. We also find that Antlia 2's metallicity was previously overestimated, so it lies on the empirical luminosity–metallicity relation and is likely only now experiencing substantial stellar mass loss. Current dynamical models of Antlia 2 require it to have lost over 90% of its stars to tides, in tension with the low stellar mass loss implied by the updated metallicity. Overall, the new kinematic measurements support a tidal disruption scenario for the origin of these large and extended dwarf spheroidal galaxies.
The Nature of High-frequency Oscillations Associated with Short-lived Spicule-type Events
Authors: Shetye Juie , Verwichte Erwin , Stangalini Marco , Doyle J. G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We investigate high-resolution spectroscopic and imaging observations from the CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter (CRISP) instrument to study the dynamics of chromospheric spicule-type events. It is widely accepted that chromospheric fine structures are waveguides for several types of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) oscillations, which can transport energy from the lower to upper layers of the Sun. We provide a statistical study of 30 high-frequency waves associated with spicule-type events. These high-frequency oscillations have two components of transverse motions: the plane-of-sky (POS) motion and the line-of-sight (LOS) motion. We focus on single isolated spicules and track the POS using time–distance analysis and in the LOS direction using Doppler information. We use moment analysis to find the relation between the two motions. The composition of these two motions suggests that the wave has a helical structure. The oscillations do not have phase differences between points along the structure. This may be the result of the oscillation being a standing mode, or that propagation is mostly in the perpendicular direction. There is evidence of fast magnetoacoustic wave fronts propagating across these structures. To conclude, we hypothesize that the compression and rarefaction of passing magnetoacoustic waves may influence the appearance of spicule-type events, not only by contributing to moving them in and out of the wing of the spectral line but also through the creation of density enhancements and an increase in opacity in the Hα line.