bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of smile characteristics of skeletal Class III compared to skeletal Class I female adults
Authors: Nouh Abdallah S. , Abdel Majeed H. M. , Nassef Selim Essam Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE:
Esthetic enhancement plays an important role in orthodontic treatment. This study was conducted on females as most girls have their growth spurt at a younger age than boys do, so their demand to facial esthetics, especially those who have residual growth of mandible producing class III effect, requires full understanding to smile features helping in diagnosis and treatment planning for maximum patient satisfaction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was conducted on 30 skeletal Class III and Class I female adults (18–30 years old) who were divided equally into two groups comprising 15 each. Two frontal digital photographs were taken for each subject, one at rest and the other in the posed smile position. Photographs were taken for each subject in the natural head position by a Canon EOS 1200 D camera set on a tripod at a distance of 1.5 m. The incisogingival height of the right maxillary central incisor was clinically measured using a vernier caliper to the nearest 0.1 mm. Photographs were uploaded on Photoshop software for standardization and then uploaded on the Digital Smile Design software (DSD) where the actual incisogingival height of the central incisor was used for automatic calibration. Esthetic components at rest and on smiling were measured for both groups; all linear variables were measured to the nearest 0.1 mm.

RESULTS:
Class III females tended to have wider smile widths, less gingival display, longer chin heights, shorter lower vertical dimensions, and a higher percentage of nonconsonant and flat smile arcs than Class I subjects.

CONCLUSIONS:
The components of the smile should be considered as a guide to help in planning and designing the mechanics during comprehensive orthodontic treatment.
Territorio usado e circuito superior marginal: Equipamentos médicos em campinas, Ribeirão Preto e São José do Rio Preto (SP)
Authors: David Virna Carvalho 
Published: October 2021

A tecnociência, a informação e as finanças são variáveis determinantes da globalização e isso se releva também para a saúde. Os avanços tecnológicos no campo da medicina e a recente sofisticação dos serviços de diagnóstico e tratamento revelam a difusão do meio técnico científico e informacional (Santos, 1994), ao mesmo tempo em que reforçam antigas concentrações da produção de bens e de serviços de saúde. No Brasil, o impacto seletivo das modernizações criou uma produtividade geográfica em algumas cidades do estado de São Paulo, como Campinas, Ribeirão Preto e São José do Rio Preto. É, portanto, no contexto da urbanização recente que podemos observar novas formas de trabalho ligadas aos equipamentos médicos que emergem dentro do processo de substituição de umadivisão do trabalho por outra mais moderna. Uma diversidade de agentes com diferentes níveis de capital, tecnologia e organização passa a dinamizar uma economia urbana complexa ligada a rede de cidades do país, dando forma aos circuitos da economia urbana (Santos, 1979). O território usado para produzir e consumir saúde mostrou como a tecnificação da medicina moderna tem beneficiado um processo acelerado de renovação técnica e normativa da produção nacional de aparelhos médicos. O circuito superior marginal desses equipamentos emergente nessas três cidades foi capaz de nos mostrar novos mecanismos de oligopolização da economia urbana e de uso do território

Technoscience, information and finance are determining variables of globalization, and this is also relevant to health. Technological advances in the medical field and the recent sophistication of diagnostic and treatment services reveal the diffusion of the technical scientific and informational environment (Santos, 1994), while at the same time reinforcing old concentrations of the production of goods and health services. In Brazil, the selective impact of modernizations has created a geographical productivity in some cities of the state of São Paulo, such as Campinas, Ribeirão Preto and São José do Rio Preto. It is, therefore, in the context of recent urbanization that we can observe new forms of work linked to medical equipment emerging within the process of replacing one division of labor with a more modern one. A diversity of agents with different levels of capital, technology and organization start to dynamize a complex urban economy linked to the network of cities in the country,shaping the circuits of the urban economy (Santos, 1979). The territory used to produce and consume health showed how the technification of modern medicine has benefited an accelerated process of technical and normative renovation of the national production of medical equipment. The marginal upper circuit of these equipment emerging in these three cities was able to show us new mechanisms of oligopolization of the urban economy and of the use of territory.
El sistema preventivo de enfermedades no transmisibles (SPENT) como modelo innovador a aplicar en instituciones de salud pública
Authors: Salazar Gilberto José Vizcaíno , Vera María Fernanda Joza , Carruyo Jennifer Cristina Vizcaino , Navarro Wendy Arlette Tauriz 
Published: October 2021

Se propone una reorientación de la política de atención primaria en salud para los organismos de previsión social públicos. El cambio consiste en impulsar medidas que conduzcan a transformar las actividades que actualmente en materia de salud ejecutan esas organizaciones, las cuales son mayoritariamente de tipo curativo y convertirlas en acciones y orientaciones de carácter preventivos, mediante la aplicación de innovadores programas de promoción, prevención y control de las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT).
En razón de lo expuesto, como eje de este proceso se presenta la implementación del Sistema Preventivo de Enfermedades no Transmisibles (SPENT), con una visión integrada de las áreas prioritarias de prevención, de acuerdo con los indicadores de morbilidad y buscando como resultado la vigilancia efectiva y el control de los factores de riesgo, que conducirían a una reducción de la prevalencia de las ENT. Para ello, es necesario crear conciencia en los sistemas de salud pública de que todo lo que se invierta en la prevención de la salud es beneficioso para las personas y para la sociedad. “Prevenir es mejor que curar”.

A reorientation of primary health care policy is proposed for public social welfare organizations. The change is to promote measures that lead to transform the health activities currently implemented by these organizations, which are mostly curative, and convert it into actions and orientations mainly preventive, through the implementation of innovative programs for the promotion, prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases (NCD),
On the basis of the above, as the central point of this process is presented the implementation of the Preventive System of Noncommunicable Diseases (SPENT), with an integrated vision in priority prevention areas, in accordance with morbidity indicators and looking as an effective surveillance and control of risk factors, which would lead to a reduction in the prevalence of NCD. To do this, it is necessary to raise awareness among public health systems that everything invested in health prevention is beneficial for individuals and society."To Prevent is better than cure"
Estudios sobre la fitorremediación basada en alga wakame (undaria pinnatifida) en la rizoextracción para remover metales pesados de la zona ribereña de la cuenca del río grande-palpa
Authors: Bendezú Misael A. Bendezú , Hernández Cynthia V. Bendezú , Pérez William Y. Villanueva , Cucho Elcy N. Valenzuela 
Published: October 2021

In the present study, the algae Undaria pinnatífida has been investigated as a biological adsorbent for the elimination of pollutants from surface waters, specifically heavy metals. Operational parameters were optimized in batch phytoremediation experiments. Adsorption equilibrium isotherm models were also investigated and adsorption kinetics were evaluated. Maximum adsorption capacities were observed at 0.008 mg / L at 0.064 mg / L of Cd and for the second sample the adsorption capacity was calculated at 0.007 mg / L at 0.055 mg / L of Cd both in a time of 24 hours, together With removal efficiencies, they reached 72% and 92.7% for the remediation of the Rio Grande water, respectively. These results are important in the development of zero-cost, algal-based pollutant removal technology in water treatment.

En el presente estudio, se ha investigado la algas Undaria pinnatífida, como adsorbente biológico para la eliminación de contaminantes de aguas superficiales, específicamente metales pesados. Los parámetros operativos se optimizaron en experimentos de fitorremediación por lotes. También se investigaron los modelos de isoterma de equilibrio de adsorción y se evaluó la cinética de adsorción. Se observaron capacidades máximas de adsorción en 0.008 mg/L a 0.064 mg / L de Cd y para la segunda muestra la capacidad de adsorción se calculó en 0.007 mg/L a 0.055 mg / L de Cd ambas en un tiempo de 24 horas, junto con las eficiencias de remoción se alcanzaron al 72% y 92.7% para la remediación del agua del río grande, respectivamente. Estos resultados son importantes en el desarrollo de tecnología de eliminación de contaminantes de costo cero basada en algas en el tratamiento de aguas.
La vaguedad y la precisión: Ejercicios de elasticidad lingüística
Authors: Jiménez Santiago U. Sánchez 
Published: October 2021

La vaguedad es una propiedad inherente de las lenguas naturales y, también, una estrategia discursiva eficaz. En este trabajo se presta atención a los rasgos de la vaguedad lingüística, a los motivos que justifican su existencia, a los tipos de vaguedad y a la relación que se establece con otros procesos semánticos como la polisemia, la homonimia o la modalidad epistémica. La vaguedad intencional (la que persigue un fin comunicativo) ha de enmarcarse dentro del contínuum precisión-imprecisión. En el ámbito de la vaguedad intencional ha de distinguirse una vaguedad pragmática (generada por el contexto) y otra vaguedad lingüística, consistente en el empleo de elementos lingüísticos que estrechan el margen de precisión o amplían el espectro de la vaguedad. La posibilidad de que el emisor pueda intervenir en el grado de precisión o imprecisión de una expresión lingüística pone de manifiesto la elasticidad del idioma.
Vagueness is an inherent property of natural languages ​​and also an effective discursive strategy. In this work attention to features of linguistic vagueness, the reasons for their existence, the types of vagueness and the relationship established with other semantic processes such as polysemy, homonyms or epistemic modality is provided. The intentional vagueness (which pursues a communicative purpose) must fit within the continuum of precision-vagueness. In the field of intentional vagueness we have to distinguish a pragmatic vagueness (generated by the context) and other linguistic vagueness, consisting of the use of linguistic elements that narrow the margin of precision or broaden the spectrum of vagueness. The possibility that the speaker may select the degree of accuracy or inaccuracy of a linguistic expression shows the elasticity of language.
IVF laboratory management in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Andrabi Syed Waseem , Arora Puneet Rana , Mir Jaffar 
Published: October 2021

Background: Since the first report of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), widely known as COVID-19, in late December 2019, it has spread worldwide. The eventual return of new normal has started to happen in most countries where the COVID-19 curve has flattened, and Assisted reproduction technology (ART) services are eventually resuming. Well-organized ART (embryology/andrology) laboratories safeguard the wellbeing of all staff, patients, and their gametes/embryos.
Main body: A well-organized pandemic management plan must be implemented in anticipation of possible subsequent COVID-19 waves. Apart from local and national guidelines, some mandatory changes need to be taken into considerations that will allow us to overcome the fear of this deadly pandemic, work smoothly and stop any possible transmission without comprising the quality control for successful treatment. These mandatory changes include conserving different supplies, reducing manpower needs, and various protective measures for non-clinical and clinical staff, patients, and gametes/embryos.
Conclusion: The current pandemic of COVID-19 suggests a well-organized action-oriented emergency plan to assure the wellbeing of all stakeholders.
Citra Pondok Pesantren Riyadhuttafsir Menurut Persepsi dan Minat Santri Salaf
Authors: Khotim Muhamad Iskandar 
Published: October 2021

Image is something that is abstract because it relates to beliefs, ideas and impressions obtained from a particular object either directly felt, through the five senses or obtain information from a source. As explained by Roesady, an image is a set of beliefs, ideas, and a person's impression of a particular object. The image of the Riyadhuttafsir boarding school is inseparable from the perception of students, alumni and the community who perceive according to their observations that this boarding school has a positive image. This response (acceptance) directly from students, alumni, and the community in the pesantren environment is in accordance with the results of interviews and observations in the field by researchers who explain that their perception of the Riyadhuttafsir boarding school is an experience of objects namely the Riyadhuttafsir boarding school which only studies the interpretation of science, or relationships obtained by summarizing information and interpreting messages from students, alumni or the community about the existence of the Riyadhuttafsir boarding school in Pagentongan, Bogor. Based on preliminary observations by researchers, what was felt by the community about the teaching and study of Tafsir in the Riyadhuttafsir Islamic Boarding School also confirmed what had been conveyed by the alumni of the boarding school. That the Riyadhuttafsir Islamic Boarding School succeeded in proving its work as a traditional Islamic boarding school which specifically studied interpretation in the Bogor Pagentongan region. Furthermore, the uniqueness of the hut from the existence of the hut is what makes the writer interested to explore and explore further about the perceptions, interests and image of the Riyadhuttafsir boarding school among students and alumni, as well as figures and communities around the boarding school will be the specialty of teaching methodology in Islamic boarding schools. Riyadhuttafsir is timelessly eroded by the changing times. In accordance with the above research title, problem formulation and research objectives, this study uses a qualitative research design. In this study the approach used is a qualitative approach that is displayed as it is. According to Bogdan and Taylor, as quoted by Lexi Moleong, qualitative research is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words from people and the observed behavior.
Keywords: boarding school, image, interest, perception, student
Pengorganisasian Dalam Pandangan Islam
Authors: Rahman Jamaludin 
Published: October 2021

The term organization has two general meanings. First, the organization is defined as an institution or functional group, for example: a company, a school, an association, government agencies. Second, referring to the organizing process, namely how work is organized and allocated among members, so that the goals of the organization can be effectively achieved. While the organization itself is defined as a group of people with a system of cooperation to achieve common goals. There are two help words contained in the Qur'an to study this organization. The word is Shaff and the Ummah. The word shaff inspires the concept that organizations must have members, consisting of people, in a place, there is order, purpose, leader, delegation of authority and responsibility, and there is sincere intention and struggle in the way of God. The conclusion that the organizational structure at the time of the Messenger of Allāh if reached the khalifah and is now almost the same, only different ideologies. Formerly using the law of Allah SWT, based on the Qur'an and hadith, while at this time we use the Pancasila ideology, using two sources of law: the civil / criminal law of the Dutch heritage and the compilation of Islamic law. At the time of Islam, financial instruments focus on the zakat and tax sectors, while for our government today we use more tax financial instruments. Organizations in the view of Islam are not merely a container, but rather emphasize how a job is done neatly. The organization places more emphasis on regulating work mechanisms. every person who accepts the leadership task that the highest leadership belongs to Allah, for that the leadership given and carried out must always refer to the basic concepts bui lt in Islam. The thing that must be realized that in a good organization must also be accompanied by Islamic values including sincerity, togetherness and sacrifice.
HEALTHCARE PROVIDER PATIENT VERBAL LANGUAGE USE ON DIABETES MELLITUS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KENYA
Authors: Ungaya Geoffrey , Mberia Hellen , Wa Ngula Kyalo , Sigilai William , Sokwalla Saira 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To establish the effect of healthcare provider patient verbal language use on diabetes mellitus management practices in selected hospital in Kenya.
Methodology: This was a causal comparative research study design with application of quantitative and qualitative methodology. The study was carried out at the outpatient diabetic clinics of Kenyatta National Hospital and MP Shah Hospital. 400 patient participants were involved in the study and comprised of 313 patients at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) and 87 patients at MP Shah respectively studied between the months of February 2019 and November 2019. A researcher administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The results were summarized using percentages and means or medians for categorical and continuous data respectively. Comparisons were done using chi square test of association of categorical variables and independent t-test for comparison of means. Linear regression and ANOVA were used to test for associations and hypothesis between healthcare provider patient verbal language use (VLU) and diabetes mellitus management practices (DMMPs).
Results: Patients at MP Shah Hospital rated the verbal language use significantly higher than the patients at KNH (p< 0.001). However, linear regression analysis showed that verbal language use was not statistically significant overall in Kenya [β=0.04, (95% CI -0.09, 0.17), p=0.552], at KNH [β=0.05, (95% CI -0.10, 0.19), p=0.513] and MP Shah Hospital [β=0.09, (95% CI -0.21, 0.39), p=0.552]; (P > 0.05), hence the failure to reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, there was no significant effect of verbal language use by the healthcare provider and the patient on diabetes mellitus management practices in selected hospitals Kenya.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Verbal language use though important in healthcare provider patient interactions was not responsible for improvement in the diabetes mellitus management practices among the patients. Therefore, verbal language use by the healthcare providers in their communication interaction with patients need to be reinforced in healthcare practice to ensure improved DMMPs. Strategies should be developed to enhance verbal language use through educational curriculum development and implementation at the medical training institutions.
ANALISIS KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT PETANI KELAPA DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI SYARIAH (DESA KOTA HARAPAN, KECAMATAN MUARA SABAK TIMUR, KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR)
Authors: Salim Agus , Sisran Sisran , Yatima Khusnul 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesejahteraan masyarakat petani kelapa yang ada di Desa Kota Harapan yang mana di Desa ini mayoritas penduduknya adalah petani kelapa. Penulis menemui sebagian masyarakat yang ada di desa ini sebagai perwakilan untuk meminta penjelasan mengenai kesejahteraan masyarakat petani kelapa yang ada di Desa Kota Harapan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian yang penulis dapatkan dari masyarakat petani kelapa yang ada di Desa Kota Harapan berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan observasi adalah sebagian masyarakat yang ada di desa ini hususnya petani kelapa, belum bisa dikategorikan sejahtera secara menyeluruh jika hanya mengandalkan hasil dari tani kelapa, dengan harga kelapa tidak menentu. Yang disebkan oleh modal, infrastruktur, regulasi dan teknologi. Hampir 70% masyarakat petani kelapa di desa ini memiliki usaha sampingan untuk membantu memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari, biaya sekolah anak, pembelian pupuk dan racun rumput ketika masa panen kelapa tiba.
NLRP3 Inflammasome in Cardiovascular Disease: David's Stone against Goliath?
Authors: Balanescu Serban , Barbu Elena , Georgescu Camelia , Popescu Andreea Catarina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Inflammation is involved in initiation, development and complications of the vast majority of non-communicable diseases. Recent research demonstrated that inflammation is involved in pathogenesis of all major cardiovascular diseases. Different endogenous factors (LDL, nucleic acid strands, uric acid – collectively called „Damage Associated Molecular Patterns – DAMPs”) activate dedicated receptors („Pattern Recognition Receptors – PRR”) on monocytes, macrophages or dendritic cells responsible for the innate immunologic response. They have a major role in natural defense mechanisms against different pathogens and in normal conditions have a protective role. Among PRRs „NOD-like, leucin rich, pyrin containing (NLRP)” receptors are a 14-member family located in the cytoplasm. One of these is the NLRP3 resulting from nuclear transcription under the influence of NF-kB, a second messenger from membrane PRRs to the nucleus. Mostly the same factors responsible for NLRP3 intracellular expression stimulate its oligomerization resulting in a large protein complex, the NLRP3 inflammasome. This activates caspase-1 responsible for IL-1b and IL-18 production and initiates an inflammatory reaction leading to various pathologic processes, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes and heart failure. This is the current story as we know it of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a small intracellular component that when inappropriately activated may does more harm than good.