bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dative behavior of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) with selenium in Se-NHC compounds
Authors: Yaqoob Munazzah , Abbasi Mahvish , Anwar Hira , Iqbal Javed , Asad Mohammad , Asiri Abdullah M. , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are an eminent class of carbenes having a heterocyclic ring in which a divalent carbon atom is attached directly to a nitrogen atom. In the NHCs, the donation of lone pair is another important research in the dative bonding and not only in NHCs the dative bond plays a functionalized role in the other classes of complex formation like ylidones L → E ← L and carbones L → C ← L. M–NHC bond is L-M sigma-dative bond and NHCs are considered as strong sigma-donor ligands. The clear picture of the M–NHC bond can be better understood by M–NHC pi-interaction. M-L pi interaction is comprised of two steps. One is L → M sigma-donation and M → L π* back bonding. This dative donor nature of NHC and also its behavior in organoselenium is studied through DFT in which it’s optimized structure, bond lengths, molecular vibrations are calculated.
Schiff bases and their metal complexes with biologically compatible metal ions; biological importance, recent trends and future hopes
Authors: Khan Ezzat , Hanif Muhammad , Akhtar Muhammad Salim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Schiff bases are in the field of medicinal and material chemistry for a long time. There are several advancements from time to time towards facile synthesis and potential applications. As medicines they have been applied as organic molecules as well as their metal complexes. The activities of metal complexes have been found to increase due to increase lipophilicity in comparison to the corresponding free ligand. Besides simple coordination compounds they have been applied as ionic liquid (IL)- supported and IL-tagged species with far enhanced efficiency. Among metal complexes recent advancement deals with photodynamic therapy to treat a number of tumors with fewer side effects. Schiff bases are efficient ligands and their complexes with almost all metal ions are reported. This mini-review article deals with complexes of Schiff bases with biologically compatible metal ions, Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Pd(II), Ag(I), Pt(II) and their potential uses to combat cancerous cells. Strong hopes are associated with photodynamic therapy and IL-tagged and IL-supported Schiff bases and their complexes.
Zur πειθώ des Gesetzgebers in PlatonsNomoi
Authors: Mülke Markus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn his last work, theNomoi, Plato outlines the rule of the law as the best possible politeia of human coexistence. This rule particularly requires the convincing speech of the legislator: The actual validity of the law does not depend solely on whether it is itself good, but also crucially on whether the citizens, out of inner conviction, accept it as good and therefore obey it. Stronger than the law, which only enforces compliance with it and threatens to punish any violations, is the law, the meaning and benefits of which the legislator justifies credibly and convincingly to all citizens in his (written) legislation.
Optimizing weighted gene co-expression network analysis with a multi-threaded calculation of the topological overlap matrix
Authors: Shuai Min , He Dongmei , Chen Xin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Biomolecular networks are often assumed to be scale-free hierarchical networks. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) treats gene co-expression networks as undirected scale-free hierarchical weighted networks. The WGCNA R software package uses an Adjacency Matrix to store a network, next calculates the topological overlap matrix (TOM), and then identifies the modules (sub-networks), where each module is assumed to be associated with a certain biological function. The most time-consuming step of WGCNA is to calculate TOM from the Adjacency Matrix in a single thread. In this paper, the single-threaded algorithm of the TOM has been changed into a multi-threaded algorithm (the parameters are the default values of WGCNA). In the multi-threaded algorithm, Rcpp was used to make R call a C++ function, and then C++ used OpenMP to start multiple threads to calculate TOM from the Adjacency Matrix. On shared-memory MultiProcessor systems, the calculation time decreases as the number of CPU cores increases. The algorithm of this paper can promote the application of WGCNA on large data sets, and help other research fields to identify sub-networks in undirected scale-free hierarchical weighted networks. The source codes and usage are available at https://github.com/do-somethings-haha/multi-threaded_calculate_unsigned_TOM_from_unsigned_or_signed_Adjacency_Matrix_of_WGCNA.
Research on the size effect of roughness on rock uniaxial compressive strength and characteristic strength
Authors: Hu Gaojian , Li Yu , Ma Gang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The joint roughness has an influence on the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and characteristic strength of the rock, but the relationship of the influence is yet to be obtained. In this article, the influence of the size of the rock with rough joints on the UCS and the influence of the size effect of roughness on the UCS are studied by establishing 11 sets of numerical simulation schemes, a total of 30 working conditions. The stress–strain curve law of rocks with different roughness and sizes is analyzed, and the relationship between UCS and the size of rock with rough joints, joint roughness coefficient (JRC), is respectively proposed. Mathematical models of rock characteristic size of UCS, characteristic strength of the rock, and JRC are established, respectively.
Strömungsfeldmessung der Kühlschmierstoffzufuhr an der Schleifscheibe
Authors: Vanselow Christoph , Espenhahn Björn , Schumski Lukas , Stöbener Dirk , Meyer Daniel , Fischer Andreas 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Kühlschmierstoff (KSS)-strömungen werden in Schleifprozessen eingesetzt, um Schleifbrand am Werkstück zu verhindern. Bislang wurde die KSS-Zufuhr heuristisch optimiert. Um eine zielgerichtete KSS-Strömungsoptimierung zu ermöglichen, wird erstmals die optische schleifscheibennahe Messung von KSS-Strömungsfeldern mittels Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) und durch Nachverfolgung von Mustern in Schattenwurfbildern untersucht. Als erster Schritt wird an der rotierenden Schleifscheibe, jedoch ohne die Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks, gemessen. Beide Messmethoden liefern vergleichbare Ergebnisse, wobei nahe der Schleifscheibenoberfläche mittels PIV Messwerte mit geringerer Messunsicherheit erzielt werden. Mit dem verwendeten Messaufbau lassen sich mittels PIV Geschwindigkeiten in einem Abstand zwischen 0 cm bis 2 cm und mittels Schattenwurf zwischen 0 cm bis 5 cm zur Schleifscheibenoberfläche messen. Im Ergebnis konnte erstmals der für die Kühlleistung relevante Parameter des Geschwindigkeitsverhältnisses zwischen KSS-Anströmung und Schleifscheibenoberflächengeschwindigkeit in situ gemessen werden. Es wurde festgestellt, dass eine aus der Literatur bekannte Verringerung der Kühleffizienz ab einem Geschwindigkeitsverhältnis von 0,8 mit einem Abprallen des KSS-Strahls beim Auftreffen auf die Schleifscheibe korreliert. In zukünftigen Untersuchungen ist zu klären, wie sich die hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zur Messfähigkeit und zum Strömungsverhalten auf den Schleifprozess mit Werkstück übertragen lassen.
Another way to look at counterfactuals
Authors: Klein Wolfgang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Counterfactuals such as If the world did not exist, we would not notice it have been a challenge for philosophers and linguists since antiquity. There is no generally accepted semantic analysis. The prevalent view, developed in varying forms by Robert Stalnaker, David Lewis, and others, enriches the idea of strict implication by the idea of a “minimal revision” of the actual world. Objections mainly address problems of maximal similarity between worlds. In this paper, I will raise several problems of a different nature and draw attention to several phenomena that are relevant for counterfactuality but rarely discussed in that context. An alternative analysis that is very close to the linguistic facts is proposed. A core notion is the “situation talked about”: it makes little sense to discuss whether an assertion is true or false unless it is clear which situation is talked about. In counterfactuals, this situation is marked as not belonging to the actual world. Typically, this is done in the form of the finite verb in the main clause. The if-clause is optional and has only a supportive role: it provides information about the world to which the situation talked about belongs. Counterfactuals only speak about some nonactual world, of which we only know what results from the protasis. In order to judge them as true or false, an additional assumption is required: they are warranted according to the same criteria that warrant the corresponding indicative assertion. Overall similarity between worlds is irrelevant.
A Handbook of a Kherep-Selket from the Tomb of Iufaa: The Book of Primeval Snakes
Authors: Landgráfová Renata , Janák Jiří 
Published: November 2021

Summary
The Late Period shaft tombs at Abusir are located in the North-Western part of the Abusir necropolis and were built during a rather short span of time at the very end of 26th Dynasty, between 530 and perhaps 525 BC. Among those, the tomb of Iufaa stands out by its size and by the extent of its interior decoration. Significant amount of the decorated space in Iufaa’s burial chamber were reserved for a series of texts and images that may be best denoted as a “Snake Encyclopedia”. The individual parts of this textual corpus cover the main parts of the arch of the western wall in the burial chamber of Iufaa. The opposite side of the burial chamber, the arch of the eastern wall, bears two texts (accompanied with images) that concern Underworld/divine snakes as well. Although this “encyclopedia” of Underworld serpentine beings still provides us with much more questions and puzzles than answers and insights, it also sheds a new light upon the religion, cult and afterlife beliefs of the Saite-Persian and Graeco-Roman Egypt. It witnesses the importance of giant snakes or primeval creatures in serpentine form that were believed to dwell in the Underworld and were directly linked to cosmogony and periodical renewal of the sun and of the world. As manifestations of Re and Osiris, the snakes become lords of life and death, hypostaseis of the cyclically rejuvenated Creator. The idea of renewal and rebirth is also closely connected with ritual purity and purification rites. Thus, the “Snake Encyclopedia” is accompanied by a corpus dedicated to the ritual cleansing of the pharaoh and of the deceased, which is represented textually and pictorially on the northern wall of Iufaa’s burial chamber and which features serpentine primordial beings as well. But the focus on not generally transmitted, pre-cosmological concepts is connected to yet another important aspect of the composition and other texts from Iufaa’s tomb, that have most probably served as a compendium of secret knowledge for the magicians of Selket. This motif helps us to interpret one of the main tasks of the composition in focus: it probably served to accumulate and transmit sacred knowledge and to use it to ensure that the deceased would be accepted into the blessed Afterlife.
The Papyrus Berlin P. 10500 A-B and the Region of Sharuna
Authors: Florès Jérémie 
Published: November 2021

Summary
This paper deals with the geography of the region of Sharuna in Middle Egypt. It focuses especially on the toponym
wwt-n(y)-Sbk inscribed on P. 10500 A-B, also called “Sharuna Papyrus”. Because the document lacks an exact archaeological provenance, this study is of major interest. Similar place names (
wt + nominal genitive) are analysed. Based on the results obtained, it is highly conceivable that
wwt-n(y)-cbk was in the vicinity of the ancient
wt-nsw. The geographical situation of Sharuna, the topography of Middle Egypt, the state policy during the IIIrd millennium in the region and finally the local belief represent elements that fit particularly well with the information conveyed by the place name
wwt-n(y)-cbk. Moreover, considering the contents of P. 10500 A-B, an original location of the papyrus in the tomb of one of the of Kom el-Ahmar/Sawaris has been suggested.
Patient-controlled Intravenous Analgesia Enhanced Recovery After Surgery by Reducing Length of Hospital Stay in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Who Underwent Flap Reconstruction: A Propensity Score-matched Study
Authors: Yang Haojie , Yan Yingzhe , Xie Qian , Wu Wei , Wang Zhiming , Zhang Guowei , Zhang Yangfan , Tan Zicong , Huang Xiaoyan , Liu Zhongqi , Ji Fengtao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background: Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) is an increasingly used method to control postoperative pain. We aimed to investigate the association between PCIA and recovery after flap reconstruction in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: Patients with OSCC who underwent flap reconstruction between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed (n=850). Baseline characteristics were compared between PCIA and non-PCIA groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) (1:4) was introduced to eliminate these confounding factors (n=505). Univariate analysis was performed to compare matched PCIA and non-PCIA group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed before and after PSM to identify factors that influenced length of stay (LOS) in hospital. The differences in characteristics of matched and unmatched groups were also compared.

Results: Before PSM, the differences in flap types, smoking status, and radiotherapy history between PCIA and non-PCIA groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). After these factors were matched by PSM, LOS was 1.5 days shorter in the matched PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group (median, 10.5 versus 12.0, P=0.006). There was no significant difference in flap or medical complications, reoperations, or postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) between the matched PCIA and non-PCIA groups. Postoperative glucose was lower in the matched PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group (median, 6.70 versus 7.30 mmol/L, P=0.021). Prolonged LOS was associated with postoperative PCIA, flap types, preoperative NLR, intraoperative red blood cell transfusion, fluid infusion rate over 24 h, and postoperative intensive care unit admission (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Patients with OSCC using PCIA after flap reconstruction surgeries have a reduced LOS in hospital compared with those who used conventional postoperative analgesic strategies. Moreover, postoperative glucose increase was lower in the PCIA group than in the non-PCIA group.
Penggunaan Kahoot Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Permaianan Sebagai Bentuk Variasi Pembelajaran
Authors: Bunyamin Aceng Cucu , Juita Dewi Rika , Syalsiah Noer 
Published: November 2021

AbstrakMedia Pembelajaran merupakan bagian penting dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Karena dengan penggunaan media, peserta didik akan dapat lebih bisa menyerap dan memahami materi yang disampaikan didalam maupun diluar kelas. Media terbagi kedalam berbagai jenis, antara lain media cetak yaitu; buku, modul, LKS, dan juga media elektronik yaitu; video, audio, presentasi multimedia dan juga bisa menggunakan konten daring atau online. Untuk mengukur sejauh mana keberhasilan kegiatan belajar mengajar didalam kelas, guru melakukan evaluasi. Bentuk evaluasi tersebut bisa bermacam-macam. Diantaranya bisa berupa kuiz, presentasi individu atau kelompok, test tertulis dan juga menggunakan media kahoot yaitu dengan cara memasukkan soal pilihan ganda ke aplikasi kahoot yang menggunakan fasilitas internet agar dapat terkoneksi lewat handphone atau laptop peserta didik untuk dapat langsung menjawab kuis yang disajikan oleh pendidik. Peserta didik bisa melihat hasilnya secara langsung dengan urutan peringkat. Ada dua tipe dalam menggunakan kahoot yaitu klasik dan mode. Media kahoot di gunakan sebagai variasi dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, dikarenakan peserta didik butuh pembelajaran yang tidak monoton dan guru pun lebih bisa menggunakan media kahoot ini untuk menunjang pembelajarannya didalam kelas, sehingga anak lebih termotivasi dalam belajar dan merasa senang ketika proses kegiatan belajar mengajar sedang berlangsung. Kata kunci: Media Kahoot, Media pembelajaran berbasis game, variasi pembelajaran AbstractLearning Media is an important part in the process of teaching and learning activities. Because with the use of media, students will be able to better absorb and understand the material delivered inside and outside the classroom. The media is divided into various types, including print media, namely; books, modules, worksheets, and also electronic media namely; video, audio, multimedia presentations and can also use online or online content. To measure the extent of the success of teaching and learning activities in the classroom, the teacher evaluates. The form of evaluation can vary. Among them can be in the form of quizzes, individual or group presentations, written tests and also using kahoot media by entering multiple choice questions into the kahoot application that uses internet facilities so that they can be connected via students' cellphones or laptops to be able to directly answer quizzes presented by educators. Learners can see the results directly with the ranking order. There are two types of using kahoot namely classic and fashion. The media of kahoot is used as a variation in teaching and learning activities, because students need learning that is not monotonous and the teacher is more able to use this kahoot media to support their learning in the classroom, so that children are more motivated in learning and feel happy when the teaching and learning process is underway . Keywords: Kahoot Media, Game-based learning media, learning variation
MOTIVASI SISWA PEREMPUAN DALAM MENGIKUTI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI (SMPN) SE-KOTA MALANG
Authors: Heynoek Febrita Paulina , Kurniawan Rama , Bakti Fajar Raya Ferdinal Kusuma 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui motivasi perempuan SMPN di Kota Malang dalam mengikuti pembelajaran PJOK di sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik survey. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 559 siswa Kelas VII,VIII dan IX menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling yang terbagi beberapa wilayah di Kota Malang. Instrumen tes yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner. Uji hipotesis untuk Uji Man Whitney dari empat kategori motivasi tersebut lebih kecil dari 0,05 (p value < 0,05), maka Ho ditolak artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kategori motivasi Intrinsic motivation, Identified regulation, Introjected regulation, External regulation antara siswa laki-laki dengan siswa perempuan. Sedangkan hasil Uji t’ (aksen) dari kategori Amotivation tersebut lebih kecil dari 0,05 (p value < 0,05), maka Ho ditolak artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan Amotivation antara siswa laki-laki dengan siswa perempuan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari motivasi siswa antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan dalam mengikuti pembelajaran PJOK.
The Influence of Financial Literature on The Spirit Of Entrepreneurship on Students of Islamic Primary School
Authors: Dewi Tri Ratna , Rohmah Miftakhur 
Published: November 2021

The objectives of this study are 1) Knowing how to implement Financial Literacy education for children in MI East OKU. 2) Knowing how the entrepreneur spirit in children in MI East OKU. 3) Knowing how big the influence of financial literacy on the entrepreneur spirit of the children of MI East OKU. The method used is mixed methods. Qualitative methods are used to find the hypothesis, while quantitative methods are used to test research hypotheses. Sampling using purposive sampling technique by determining the criteria for financial literacy and entrepreneur spirit. The sample in this study was MI Nurul Iman with MIN 02 East OKU based on observations that met the criteria. Qualitative data collection techniques using observation and interviews while quantitative using a questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis techniques using calculations and simple linear regression. Based on calculations, financial literacy data obtained a value of 73% of the expected. While the entrepreneur spirit of students is 75% of what is cultivated. Furthermore, the effect of the two using simple linear regression obtained sig of 0.029 <0.05 so it can be concluded that H0 which reads there is no influence between financial literacy on the entrepreneur spirit of students is rejected, and Ha is accepted which means that there is an influence between financial literacy on the entrepreneur spirit of students. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the application of financial literacy on the entrepreneur spirit of children in MI East OKU.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Elektronik Berbasis Flipbook Pada Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi Kelas XI
Authors: Nufus Virda Fithrotun , Sakti Norida Canda 
Published: November 2021

Penelitia ini bertujuan untuk megembangkan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik elektronik dengan menggunakan flipbook dan mendeskripsikan kelayakan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan penggunaannya. Model pengembangan 4D dari Thiagarajan, meliputi pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan. Subjek uji coba penelitian merupakan peserta didik kelas XI MIA 6 SMAN 2 Lamongan sebanyak 20 orang. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik elektronik berbasis flipbook layak, praktis, dan efektif untuk digunakan sebagai bahan ajar dengan perolehan kelayakan produk 81,45% sangat layak, kepraktisan produk melalui respon peserta didik sebesar 95% sangat layak, keefektifan dengan presentase ketuntasan hasil belajar sebesar 80%.
Ultrafast Doppler imaging and Ultrasound Localization Microscopy reveal the complexity of vascular rearrangement in chronic spinal lesion
Authors: Pezet Sophie , Beliard Benoit , Ahmanna Chaimae , Tiran Elodie , Kanté Kadia , Deffieux Thomas , Tanter Mickael , Nothias Fatiha , Soares Sylvia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe damage to the microvascular network. The process of spontaneous repair is accompanied by formation of new blood vessels; their functionality, however, presumably very important for functional recovery, has never been clearly established, as most studies so far used fixed tissues. Here, combining ultrafast Doppler imaging and Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) on the same animals, we proceeded at a detailed analysis of structural and functional vascular alterations associated with the establishment of chronic SCI, both at macroscopic and microscopic scales. Using a standardized animal model of SCI, our results demonstrate striking hemodynamic alterations in several subparts of the spinal cord: a reduced blood velocity in the lesion site, and an asymmetrical hypoperfusion caudal but not rostral to the lesion. In addition, the worsening of many evaluated parameters at later time points suggests that the neoformed vascular network is not yet fully operational, and reveals ULM as an efficient in vivo readout for spinal cord vascular alterations. Finally, we show statistical correlations between the diverse biomarkers of vascular dysfunction and SCI severity. The imaging modality developed here will allow evaluating recovery of vascular function over time in pre-clinical models of SCI. Also, used on SCI patients in combination with other quantitative markers of neural tissue damage, it may help classifying lesion severity and predict possible treatment outcomes in patients.