bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuro-Immune Modulation Effects of Sacral Nerve Stimulation for Visceral Hypersensitivity in Rats
Authors: Jin Xue , Gharibani Payam , Yin Jieyun , Chen Jiande D. Z. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Visceral hypersensitivity (VH) is one of the underlying pathophysiologies of irritable bowel syndrome. Mast cell overactivation has been found to be one of the main causes of VH. We investigated the effects and mechanisms of actions of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) on visceral pain in a rodent model of VH.Methods: The VH was established by an intrarectal infusion of AA in 10-day-old pups. Rats were chronically implanted with electrodes for SNS and recording electromyogram (EMG) and electrocardiogram. The acute study was performed in 2-randomized sessions with SNS (14 Hz, 330 μs, 40% motor threshold or MT, 30 min) or sham-SNS. Later on, rats were randomized into SNS/sham-SNS groups and a chronic study was performed with 2 h-daily SNS or sham-SNS for 21 days. Visceromotor reflexes were assessed by abdominal EMG and withdrawal reflex (AWR). Colon tissues were collected to study colonic acetylcholine (ACh), the enteric neurons (ChAT, nNOS, and PGP9.5), mast cells activity [Tryptase, prostaglandins E2 (PGE2), and cyclooxygenases-2 (COX2)] and pain markers [nerve growth factor (NGF) and Sub-P].Key Results: Sacral nerve stimulation significantly improved visceromotor reflexes assessed by the EMG and AWR, compared with sham-SNS. SNS normalized the protein expressions of ChAT and nNOS and regulated mast cells activity by downregulating Tryptase, COX2, and PGE2. Neonatal AA administration upregulated NGF and Sub-P; chronic SNS significantly decreased these pain biomarkers. Concurrently, chronic SNS increased ACh in colon tissues and vagal efferent activity.Conclusions: Sacral nerve stimulation reduces VH in rats and this ameliorating effect might be attributed to the suppression of mast cell overactivation in the colon tissue via the modulation of autonomic nervous system functions.
A Nomogram Based on Preoperative Inflammatory Indices and ICG-R15 for Prediction of Liver Failure After Hepatectomy in HCC Patients
Authors: Fang Tongdi , Long Guo , Wang Dong , Liu Xudong , Xiao Liang , Mi Xingyu , Su Wenxin , Zhou Liuying , Zhou Ledu 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo establish a nomogram based on inflammatory indices and ICG-R15 for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) among patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA retrospective cohort of 407 patients with HCC hospitalized at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2015 and December 2020, and 81 patients with HCC hospitalized at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2019 and January 2020 were included in the study. Totally 488 HCC patients were divided into the training cohort (n=378) and the validation cohort (n=110) by random sampling. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors. Through combining these independent risk factors, a nomogram was established for the prediction of PHLF. The accuracy of the nomogram was evaluated and compared with traditional models, like CP score (Child-Pugh), MELD score (Model of End-Stage Liver Disease), and ALBI score (albumin-bilirubin) by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsCirrhosis (OR=2.203, 95%CI:1.070-3.824, P=0.030), prothrombin time (PT) (OR=1.886, 95%CI: 1.107-3.211, P=0.020), tumor size (OR=1.107, 95%CI: 1.022-1.200, P=0.013), ICG-R15% (OR=1.141, 95%CI: 1.070-1.216, P&lt;0.001), blood loss (OR=2.415, 95%CI: 1.306-4.468, P=0.005) and AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) (OR=4.652, 95%CI: 1.432-15.112, P=0.011) were independent risk factors of PHLF. Nomogram was built with well-fitted calibration curves on the of these 6 factors. Comparing with CP score (C-index=0.582, 95%CI, 0.523-0.640), ALBI score (C-index=0.670, 95%CI, 0.615-0.725) and MELD score (C-ibasedndex=0.661, 95%CI, 0.606-0.716), the nomogram showed a better predictive value, with a C-index of 0.845 (95%CI, 0.806-0.884). The results were consistent in the validation cohort. DCA confirmed the conclusion as well.ConclusionA novel nomogram was established to predict PHLF in HCC patients. The nomogram showed a strong predictive efficiency and would be a convenient tool for us to facilitate clinical decisions.
Neutrophil-Related Ratios Predict the 90-Day Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients After Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Gao Beibei , Pan Wenjing , Hu Xueting , Huang Honghao , Ren Junli , Yang Chenguang , Zhou Xinbo , Zeng Tian , Hu Jingyu , Li Shengqi , Gao Yufan , Zhang Shunkai , Chen Guangyong 
Published: July 2021

Background and PurposeMounting researches have illuminated that the neutrophil-related ratios were related to the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, few have compared their predictive value and accuracy. To make such comparison and identify the best indicator on the 90-day outcome, we investigated biomarkers including neutrophil ratio (Nr), neutrophil count (Nc), lymphocyte (L), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet (P or PLT), platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (PNR), NLR-to-platelet ratio (NLR/PLT), eosinophil (E), neutrophil-to-eosinophil ratio (NER), monocyte (M), and monocyte-to-neutrophil ratio (MNR).MethodsThis retrospective study recruited 283 AIS and 872 healthy controls (HCs) receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). Blood samples were collected after 24 h of admission before IVT. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to explore whether these ratios differentiated AIS and HCs. We applied univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate the prediction effect of these ratios separately or added in the model and figured out a clinical prediction model. To estimate the discrimination and calibration of the new models, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, DeLong method, and likelihood ratio test (LR test) were utilized.ResultsPSM showed that Nr, Nc, NLR, P, PNR, NLR/PLT, NER, and MNR facilitates the differentiation of the HCs and AIS. Among the eight biomarkers, PNR and MNR could differentiate the 90-day outcome, and it was found out that PNR performed better. Univariate regression analysis demonstrated that PNR was the only independent predictor which needs no adjustment. Besides, the multivariate regression analysis, Delong method, and LR test indicated that among the neutrophil-related ratios, NLR, PNR, NLR/PLT, NER, and MNR exerted little influence on the discrimination but could enhance the calibration of the base model, and NER proved to work best.ConclusionLow PNR was the best indicator among the neutrophil-related ratios tin predicting a poor 90-day outcome of AIS patients. Moreover, high NER performed best when predicting the 90-day outcome to improve the calibration of the base model.
The Effects of Eccentric and Plyometric Training Programs and Their Combination on Stability and the Functional Performance in the Post-ACL-Surgical Rehabilitation Period of Elite Female Athletes
Authors: Kasmi Sofien , Zouhal Hassane , Hammami Raouf , Clark Cain C. T. , Hackney Anthony C. , Hammami Amri , Chtara Mokhtar , Chortane Sabri Gaied , Salah Fatma Zohra Ben , Granacher Urs , Ounis Omar Ben 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe standard method to treat physically active patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is ligament reconstruction surgery. The rehabilitation training program is very important to improve functional performance in recreational athletes following ACL reconstruction.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to compare the effects of three different training programs, eccentric training (ECC), plyometric training (PLYO), or combined eccentric and plyometric training (COMB), on dynamic balance (Y-BAL), the Lysholm Knee Scale (LKS), the return to sport index (RSI), and the leg symmetry index (LSI) for the single leg hop test for distance in elite female athletes after ACL surgery.Materials and MethodsFourteen weeks after rehabilitation from surgery, 40 elite female athletes (20.3 ± 3.2 years), who had undergone an ACL reconstruction, participated in a short-term (6 weeks; two times a week) training study. All participants received the same rehabilitation protocol prior to the training study. Athletes were randomly assigned to three experimental groups, ECC (n= 10), PLYO (n= 10), and COMB (n= 10), and to a control group (CON:n= 10). Testing was conducted before and after the 6-week training programs and included the Y-BAL, LKS, and RSI. LSI was assessed after the 6-week training programs only.ResultsAdherence rate was 100% across all groups and no training or test-related injuries were reported. No significant between-group baseline differences (pre-6-week training) were observed for any of the parameters. Significant group-by-time interactions were found for Y-BAL (p&lt; 0.001, ES = 1.73), LKS (p&lt; 0.001, ES = 0.76), and RSI (p&lt; 0.001, ES = 1.39). Contrast analysis demonstrated that COMB yielded significantly greater improvements in Y-BAL, LKS, and RSI (allp&lt; 0.001), in addition to significantly better performances in LSI (allp&lt; 0.001), than CON, PLYO, and ECC, respectively.ConclusionIn conclusion, combined (eccentric/plyometric) training seems to represent the most effective training method as it exerts positive effects on both stability and functional performance in the post-ACL-surgical rehabilitation period of elite female athletes.
Association of Peripheral Blood Levels of Cytokines With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Huaying , Zhang Hongqi , Liu Shijie , Luo Wulin , Jiang Yongfeng , Gao Junwei 
Published: July 2021

Background: Although increasing evidence suggests an association between alterations in peripheral cytokines and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a consensus is lacking. To determine whether abnormal cytokine profiles in peripheral blood were associated with ASD, we performed this systemic review and meta-analysis.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted through the Embase, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases up to 4 June 2020. Clinical studies exploring the aberration of peripheral cytokines of autistic patients and controls were included in our meta-analysis. We pooled extracted data using fixed- or random-effects models based on heterogeneity tests with Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. We converted standardized mean differences to Hedges' g statistic to obtain the effect sizes adjusted for sample size. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, meta-regression, and publication bias tests were also carried out.Results: Sixty-one articles (326 studies) were included to assess the association between 76 cytokines and ASD. We conducted our meta-analysis based on 37 cytokines with 289 studies. Since there were fewer than three studies on any of the other 39 cytokines, we only provided basic information for them. The levels of peripheral IL-6, IL-1β, IL-12p70, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), eotaxin-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-8, IL-7, IL-2, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-17, and IL-4 were defined as abnormal cytokines in the peripheral blood of ASD patients compared with controls. The other 24 cytokines did not obviously change in ASD patients compared with the controls.Conclusions: The findings of our meta-analysis strengthen the evidence for an abnormal cytokine profile in ASD. These abnormal cytokines may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of ASD in the future.
Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics Reveals Long-Term Biomarkers in the Serum of C57BL/6J Mice Following Local High-Dose Heart Irradiation
Authors: Azimzadeh Omid , von Toerne Christine , Subramanian Vikram , Sievert Wolfgang , Multhoff Gabriele , Atkinson Michael J. , Tapio Soile 
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Cardiotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of radiation therapy. Measurable abnormalities in the heart function indicate advanced and often irreversible heart damage. Therefore, early detection of cardiac toxicity is necessary to delay and alleviate the development of the disease. The present study investigated long-term serum proteome alterations following local heart irradiation using a mouse model with the aim to detect biomarkers of radiation-induced cardiac toxicity.Materials and Methods: Serum samples from C57BL/6J mice were collected 20 weeks after local heart irradiation with 8 or 16 Gy X-ray; the controls were sham-irradiated. The samples were analyzed by quantitative proteomics based on data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. The proteomics data were further investigated using bioinformatics and ELISA.Results: The analysis showed radiation-induced changes in the level of several serum proteins involved in the acute phase response, inflammation, and cholesterol metabolism. We found significantly enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-1, and IL-6) in the serum of the irradiated mice. The level of free fatty acids, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and oxidized LDL was increased, whereas that of high-density lipoprotein was decreased by irradiation.Conclusions: This study provides information on systemic effects of heart irradiation. It elucidates a radiation fingerprint in the serum that may be used to elucidate adverse cardiac effects after radiation therapy.
Clinicopathological Features and Survival of Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma and Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of Right Colon, Left Colon, and Rectum
Authors: Zhu Lili , Ling Chunrun , Xu Tao , Zhang Jinglin , Zhang Yujie , Liu Yingjie , Fang Chao , Yang Lie , Zhuang Wen , Wang Rui , Ping Jie , Wang Mojin 
Published: July 2021

Histological subtype plays an important role in the different clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). However, in previous studies, the influences of tumor locations and tumor stages have not been strictly controlled. This study focused on the assessment of the prognostic value of each histological subtype in different tumor locations and tumor stages of CRC. We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1973–2011) to analyze 818,229 CRC patients with different clinical and pathological features, and analyzed the prognostic value of each histological subtype. Under the condition of stratification by tumor stage, signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) presented the worst survival in each stage of right colon cancer (stage I, log-rank, p = 0.002, stages II, III, and IV, log-rank, p &lt; 0.001), rectal cancer (RC) (log-rank, p &lt; 0.001), and in stages II, III, and IV of left colon cancer (log-rank, p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate survival analysis suggested SRCC subtype, male gender, age ≥ 70 years, tumor size ≥ 5 cm, stage progression, and poor differentiation were all significant factors worsening survival in CRC (p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Mucinous adenocarcinoma (MC) histological subtype proved to be an independent protective factor for the prognosis of right colon cancer (p = 0.003). Overall, in our study, the results suggested SRCC had the worst survival among the three histological subtypes of CRC. MC was associated with favorable prognosis in right colon cancer but not with other tumor locations.
Soil Vulnerability Indicators to Degradation by Wildfires in Torres del Paine National Park (Patagonia, Chile)
Authors: Mataix-Solera Jorge , Arellano Eduardo C. , Jaña Jorge E. , Olivares Luis , Guardiola José , Arcenegui Victoria , García-Carmona Minerva , García-Franco Noelia , Valenzuela Patricio 
Published: July 2021

Wildfires are a common phenomenon globally, nonetheless some ecosystems are more adapted than others. In this work, we show results of a study conducted in Torres del Paine National Park (Chile) that suffered a big forest fire in 2011, affecting 17,666 ha. The Park is located in the transitional forest-steppe zone whose annual rainfall varies between 300 and 1,500 mm. Plant communities goes from Patagonian steppe, pre-Andean scrub to Magellanic forest. Based on vegetation community and trying to cover all representative sectors affected by the fire, 5 areas of the park were sampled in 2019 following the transects where a vegetation recovery study has been monitored since the fire occurred. Soil parameters used to evaluate were: texture, soil water repellency (WR), organic matter (OM), and aggregation, including total content of macroaggregates (TCA) and their stability (AS). The results showed high values of OM, however three of the 5 areas showed statistically lower values of OM in burned samples. WR was present (from slight to severe) in the 75% of the samples, and without differences between burned and unburned. The correlations analyses indicated that WR is more related with the OM type than with quantity, since better correlations were obtained when only samples from the same area were included in the analyses. The results of aggregation indicated that soils have a poor structural development. The TCA varies from 16 to 50%, and the AS is not very high (average of 66%), being the highest in the area with lowest TCA and more affected by the fire and erosion processes. This suggests that the higher values of AS are a consequence of the destruction and loss of the less resistant fraction after the fire. The combination of the high sand content (low specific surface area) and high OM make them very susceptible to develop WR. Since these soils have a scarce development with a poor structure, the combination of the WR and the poor soil structure make them very vulnerable to erosion processes after the fire. Measures to protect the soils or accelerate the recovery are recommended in these areas when new human caused wildfires could occur.
Combinations of Low-Frequency Genetic Variants Might Predispose to Familial Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Slater Emily P. , Wilke Lisa M. , Böhm Lutz Benedikt , Strauch Konstantin , Lutz Manuel , Gercke Norman , Matthäi Elvira , Hemminki Kari , Försti Asta , Schlesner Matthias , Paramasivam Nagarajan , Bartsch Detlef K. 
Published: July 2021

Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) is an established but rare inherited tumor syndrome that accounts for approximately 5% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases. No major causative gene defect has yet been identified, but germline mutations in predisposition genes BRCA1/2, CDKN2A and PALB2 could be detected in 10–15% of analyzed families. Thus, the genetic basis of disease susceptibility in the majority of FPC families remains unknown. In an attempt to identify new candidate genes, we performed whole-genome sequencing on affected patients from 15 FPC families, without detecting BRCA1/2, CDKN2A or PALB2 mutations, using an Illumina based platform. Annotations from CADD, PolyPhen-2, SIFT, Mutation Taster and PROVEAN were used to assess the potential impact of a variant on the function of a gene. Variants that did not segregate with pancreatic disease in respective families were excluded. Potential predisposing candidate genes ATM, SUFU, DAB1, POLQ, FGFBP3, MAP3K3 and ACAD9 were identified in 7 of 15 families. All identified gene mutations segregated with pancreatic disease, but sometimes with incomplete penetrance. An analysis of up to 46 additional FPC families revealed that the identified gene mutations appeared to be unique in most cases, despite a potentially deleterious ACAD9 Ala326Thr germline variant, which occurred in 4 (8.7%) of 46 FPC families. Notably, affected PDAC patients within a family carried identical germline mutations in up to three different genes, e.g., DAB1, POLQ and FGFBP3. These results support the hypothesis that FPC is a highly heterogeneous polygenetic disease caused by low-frequency or rare variants.
Kontribusi Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Hasil Belajar Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi ( TIK)
Authors: Sefriani Rini , Penika Wilza 
Published: July 2021

Masih rendahnya hasil belajar Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi siswa kelas XII SMAN 10 Padang, sehingga penting dilakukan penelitian terkait hasil belajar. Penelitian in bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kontribusi kecerdasan emosional terhadap hasil belajar TIK. Penelitian dilakukan di SMA N 10 Padang kelas XII tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII SMA N 10 Padang. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah dengan menggunakan Propotional Random ampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 165 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, perhitungan rhitung=0,482 > rtabel=0,153 dan uji signifikan di peroleh thitung=7,022 dan ttabel=1,975, sehingga dapat dikatakan thitung (7,022)>ttabel (1,975) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima, artinya terdapatnya kontribusi kecerdasan emosional sebesar 23.23 % terhadap hasil belajar TIK.
Perancangan dan Pengembangan Modul Interaktif pada Mata Pelajaran Dasar Desain Grafis
Authors: Christian Daniel , Very Jhon , Yunus Yuliwati 
Published: July 2021

Penelitian dan pengembangan ini dilatar belakangi oleh permasalahan pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang masih bersifat konvensional. Hal ini terjadi karena belum adanya variasi media pembelajaran disekolah. Oleh karena itu penulis berupaya merancang media pembelajaran.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Validitas, Praktikalitas dan Efektivitas Perancangan CD Interaktif Dengan Macromedia Dirextor 2004 Di SMK N 6 Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan (research & development).Sabjek penelitian berjumlah 30 orang. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah model penelitian pengembangan 4Dyang terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu (1) Define (pendefinisian), (2) Design (perancangan), (3) Develop (pengembangan) dan (4) Disseminate (penyebaran). Hasil uji validitas oleh para ahli secara keseluruhan penilaian uji validator Perancangan CD Interaktif Dengan Macromedia Dirextor 2004 Di SMK N 6 Padang sebesar88,56%, sehingga tingkat validitas dapat di interprestasikan valid digunakan. Hasil penilaian uji praktikalitas secara keseluruhan penilaian praktikalitas terhadap Perancangan CD Interaktif Dengan Macromedia Dirextor 2004 Di SMK N 6 Padang sebesar83,39%, sehingga tingkat praktikalitas nya dapat di interprestasikan praktis digunakan.Hasil penilaian uji efektivitas secara keseluruhan penilaian efektivitas terhadap Perancangan CD Interaktif Dengan Macromedia Dirextor 2004 Di SMK N 6 Padangsebesar 84,50%, sehingga tingkat efektivitas nya dapat di interprestasikan efektif digunakan. Kesimpulannya, berdasarkan penilaian beserta masukan ahli serta hasil dari uji coba lapangan CD Interaktif sudah teruji kelayakan, keunggulan, dan dapat digunakan pada proses pembelajaran desain grafis di SMK Negeri 6 Padang