bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Be Well Communities™: Mobilizing communities to promote wellness and stop cancer before it starts
Authors: Rechis Ruth , Oestman Katherine , Caballero Elizabeth , Brewster Anna , Walsh Michael T , Basen-Engquist Karen , Gershenwald Jeffrey E , Tektiridis Jennifer H , Moreno Mark , Williams Pamela A , Treiman Katherine , Garza Priscila , Hawk Ernest 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Increasingly, cancer centers are delivering population-based approaches to narrow the gap between known cancer prevention strategies and their effective implementation. Leveraging successful healthy community initiatives, MD Anderson developed Be Well Communities™, a model that implements evidence-based actions to directly impact people’s lives. Methods: In partnership with local organizations, MD Anderson’s Be Well Communities team executed and evaluated 16 evidence-based interventions to address community priorities in healthy diets, physical activity, and sun safety. Evaluation included assessing the effectiveness of evidence-based interventions, stakeholders’ perceptions of collaboration and the population-level impact on dietary and physical activity behaviors among students using the School Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey and the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time. Two-tailed t-tests were used to compare tested parameters at baseline and follow-up. P values less than .05 were considered significant.Results: This model achieved its early outcomes, including effectively implementing evidence-based interventions, building strong partnerships, increasing access to healthy foods, improving the built environment and increasing healthy food and water consumption and moderate to vigorous physical activity among students (P<.001). Conclusions: Be Well Communities is an effective model for positively impacting community health which could be leveraged by others to deliver evidence-based actions to improve population health.
Amylin Inhibits the Feeding of the Siberian Sturgeon
Authors: Wang Mei , Xu shaoqi , Li Ya , Tang Ni , Chen Hu , Zhang Shupeng , Liu Yanling , Wang Jun , Chen Defang Chen , Li Zhiqiong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Amylin is a 37-amino acid polypeptide that has been shown to be involved in feeding regulation in a few mammals, birds and goldfish. To study whether amylin regulates the feeding of Siberian sturgeon, this study cloned amylin of Siberian sturgeon and detected the distribution pattern of amylin in 15 tissues, the expression level in periprandial (pre- and post-feeding), and the changes of food intake and related appetite factors after intraperitonal injection experiment. The results showed that the expression of amylin was highest in hypothalamus, followed by duodenum, telencephalon, forebrain, midbrain, heart and liver, and low in cerebellum, pancreas, valvular intestine and other detection tissues. Compared with 1h pre-feeding, the expression level of amylin in hypothalamus was significantly increased at 1h post-feeding (P < 0.05), and the expression level of amylin in duodenum was extremely significantly increased at 1h post-feeding (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group (normal saline), the food intake at 0-1h and 1-3h after intraperitoneal injection of 100 ng/g BW and 200 ng/g BW was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the food intake at 3-6h in 100 ng/g BW group was extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and the food intake at 3-6h in 200 ng/g BW group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). After 1h of injection of 100 ng/g amylin, MC4R in hypothalamus was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and somatostatin was extremely significantly increased (P < 0.01), while amylin and NPY were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). CCK in valvular intestine was extremely significantly increased (P < 0.01), insulin in duodenum was significantly increased (P < 0.05), but ghrelin in duodenum had no significant change (P > 0.05). These results showed that Amylin inhibited feeding in Siberian sturgeon by down-regulating appetite stimulating factor NPY and up-regulating appetite suppressing factors somatostatin , MC4R , CCK and insulin .
Exploring Intervention Components in Association with Changes in Preschool Children’s Vegetable Intake: The BRA-study
Authors: Kristiansen Anne Lene , Bjelland Mona , Himberg-Sundet Anne , Lien Nanna , Holst René , Andersen Lene Frost 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to explore kindergarten staffs’ perceived usefulness of intervention components in association with changes in children’s vegetable intake and vegetables served in the kindergarten. Assessment of the perceived usefulness of intervention components consisted of a paper-based questionnaire for the kindergarten staff assessing usefulness of “posters”, “supplementary material” and “one-day inspirational course”. Children’s vegetable intake in the kindergarten was assessed by direct observation, while vegetables served was assessed by a 5-day weighted vegetable diary. Results: Seventy three kindergartens in two counties in Norway participated (response rate 15 %) and parental consent was obtained for 633 children 3-5 years of age at baseline (response rate 39 %). Mixed effect models indicated a tendency that “posters” were associated with increased child vegetable intake (P = 0.062). Surprisingly, a low degree of perceived usefulness of “supplementary material” was associated with the largest increase in child vegetable intake (P = 0.020). No significant associations between perceived usefulness of intervention components and vegetables served in the kindergarten were found. This study indicated a tendency that “posters” were associated with increased child vegetable intake, however this may also be due to synergies between multiple intervention components.Trial registration: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trials ISRCTN51962956 (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN51962956). Registered 21 June 2016 (retrospectively registered).
Annealing Accelerator for Ising Spin Systems based on In-memory Complementary 2D FETs
Authors: Sebastian Amritanand , Das Sarbashis , Das Saptarshi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Metaheuristic algorithms such as simulated annealing (SA) has been implemented for optimization in combinatorial problems, especially for discreet problems. SA employs a stochastic search, where high-energy transitions (“hill-climbing”) are allowed with a temperature-dependent probability to escape local optima. Ising spin glass systems have properties such as spin disorder and “frustration” and provide a discreet combinatorial problem with high number of metastable states and ground-state degeneracy. In this work, we exploit subthreshold Boltzmann transport in complementary two-dimensional (2D) field effect transistors (p-type WSe2 and n-type MoS2) integrated with analog, non-volatile, and programmable floating-gate memory stack to develop in-memory computing primitives necessary for energy and area efficient hardware acceleration of SA for the Ising spin systems. We experimentally demonstrate > 800X search acceleration for 4×4 ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and a spin glass system using SA compared to an exhaustive search using brute force trial at miniscule total energy expenditure of ~120 nJ. Our hardware realistic numerical simulations further highlight the astounding benefits of SA in accelerating the search for larger spin lattices.
Pre- and post-surgery change of EGFR mutation status in a lung squamous cell cancer patient
Authors: Hu Mingming , Li Fugen , Zhao Yun , Lu Baohua , Lin Haifeng , Zhang Hongmei , Zhang Tongmei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe percentage of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in squamous lung cancer was relatively low. The dynamic changes of EGFR mutation in peripheral blood before and after surgical resection in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been rarely reported.Case presentationWe report a 73-year-old woman with squamous lung cancer of the left upper lobe and EGFR exon 19 deletion (19del) was identified in biopsy and peripheral plasma separately before a surgical operation. The mass regressed remarkably after three cycles of platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then the patient was administered curative-intent surgery. Postoperative pathology supported the diagnosis of left upper lobe squamous cell carcinoma and EGFR 19del mutation. At the time of 40 days after surgery, EGFR 19del mutation in peripheral blood was undetectable using amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) method.ConclusionsWe report, for the first time, the perioperational dynamics of EGFR mutation in a LSCC patient. EGFR 19del mutation was eliminated after surgical operation. The genetic mutation status from peripheral blood could be converted through the operation.
Naloxone Availability in Community Pharmacies, 2019
Authors: Elliott Jennifer , Beasley Lauren , Oranu Ekene , Gilbert Lauren , Roth Kimberly , Nguyen Jennifer 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Increasing the availability of naloxone among friends and family of past and present opioid users is a vitally important mission to reduce the occurrence of opioid-related overdose deaths. The purpose of this study was to determine the availability of naloxone in independent pharmacies in Georgia. Secondary objectives include determining pharmacists’ knowledge regarding the standing order and ability to counsel regarding naloxone.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of ten months. The study was population based and was conducted at all independent pharmacies in the state of Georgia. All independent pharmacies in the state of Georgia were contacted and asked the below questions with a 96% response rate (n=520). Results: 558 independent, retail pharmacies were called, with a 96% response rate (n=520 pharmacies). Two hundred-twenty pharmacies reported having naloxone in stock. Of the 335 pharmacists asked, 174 (51.9%) incorrectly said that a prescription was required. The mean (SD) cash price was $148.02 (27.40), with a range of $0 to $300. Of 237 pharmacists asked who had naloxone in stock or who stated they could get naloxone in stock, 212 stated that they could, 8 stated they could not, and 17 said that they possibly could or were unsure how to do it. Conclusions: This study provided insight into the limited availability of naloxone at independent retail pharmacies in Georgia after the standing order was issued. The majority of pharmacist’s at independent pharmacies in Georgia were incorrectly under the impression a prescription was needed to obtain naloxone. This is an even greater barrier to access and may also contribute to the infrequency of independent pharmacies stocking naloxone. The low availability of naloxone, its high cost for uninsured individuals, and the lack of pharmacists’ knowledge of the laws surrounding its dispensing are significant structural barriers to access for a drug that can help offset opioid-related mortality.
Superhydrophobic textile: treatment in aqueous solutions of aluminum salts
Authors: Endiiarova Eterina , Osipov Artem , Alexandrov Sergey , Shakhmin Alexander 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Textile is currently a promising material. Obtaining hydrophobic surfaces on textiles significantly increases its value when used in various fields. In this work we carried out experiments on textile processing. Treatment of textile materials in solutions containing aluminum allows to obtain a superhydrophobic surface. KAl(SO4) and AlCl3 solutions were used. It was found that treatment in AlCl3 solution is more effective and allows to achieve a hydrophobic surface on textile with a contact angle of more than 150º. The hydrophobic surface retained its properties even after 30 days. Textile samples were investigated using X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed hydrophobicity in the treatment of textile materials is ensured by the formation of aluminum oxide on the surface. The dependence of the coarse calico contact angle on the AlCl3 solution concentration is determined. which demonstrates that when the concentration of AlCl3 solution increases (within the limits of variation considered), the contact angle also increases.
Enhanced risk of concurrent regional droughts with increased ENSO variability and warming
Authors: Singh Jitendra , Ashfaq Moetasim , Skinner Christopher , Anderson Weston , Mishra Vimal , Singh Deepti 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Spatially compound extremes pose substantial threats to globally interconnected social-economic systems. We use an Earth system model large ensemble to examine the future risk of compound droughts during the boreal summer over ten global regions with highly seasonal climate. Relative to the late-20th century, the probability, mean extent and severity of compound droughts increase by ~60%, ~10% and ~20% respectively by the late-21st century, with a disproportionate increase in risk across North America and the Amazon. These changes result in a ~9-fold increase in exposure over agricultural areas and ~5 to 20-fold increase in population exposure depending on the shared socioeconomic pathway. ENSO is the predominant large-scale driver of compound droughts with 68% of historical events occurring during El Niño or La Niña conditions. ENSO teleconnections remain stationary in the future though an ~22% increase in ENSO extremes combined with projected warming, drive the elevated risk of compound droughts.
Reconstruction of a catalogue of genome-scale metabolic models with enzymatic constraints using GECKO 2.0
Authors: Domenzain Iván , Sánchez Benjamín , Anton Mihail , Kerkhoven Eduard J , Millán-Oropeza Aarón , Henry Céline , Siewers Verena , Morrissey John , Sonnenschein Nikolaus , Nielsen Jens 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) have been widely used for quantitative exploration of the relation between genotype and phenotype. Streamlined integration of enzyme constraints and proteomics data into GEMs was first enabled by the GECKO method, allowing the study of phenotypes constrained by protein limitations. Here, we upgraded the GECKO toolbox in order to enhance models with enzyme and proteomics constraints for any organism with an available GEM reconstruction. With this, enzyme-constrained models (ecModels) for the budding yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Yarrowia lipolytica and Kluyveromyces marxianus were generated, aiming to study their long-term adaptation to several stress factors by incorporation of proteomics data. Predictions revealed that upregulation and high saturation of enzymes in amino acid metabolism were found to be common across organisms and conditions, suggesting the relevance of metabolic robustness in contrast to optimal protein utilization as a cellular objective for microbial growth under stress and nutrient-limited conditions. The functionality of GECKO was further developed by the implementation of an automated framework for continuous and version-controlled update of ecModels, which was validated by producing additional high-quality ecModels for Escherichia coli and Homo sapiens. These efforts aim to facilitate the utilization of ecModels in basic science, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology purposes.
Network Traffic Classification Model Based on Attention Mechanism and Spatiotemporal Features
Authors: Hu Feifei , Zhang Situo , Lin Xubin , Wu Liu , Liao Niandong , Song Yanqi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Traffic classification has been widely used in network security and network management. Previous research has focused on mapping network traffic to different non­-encrypted applications, However, there are few researches on network traffic classification of encryption applications, especially the underlying traffic of encryption application. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a network encrypted traffic classification model which combines attention mechanism with spatial and temporal characteristics. The model first uses LSTM (Long Short­Term Memory) to analyze the time series of the continuous network flows and find out the time characteristics between the network flows. Secondly, CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) is used to extract the high­-order spatial features of the network flow, and then the high-­order spatial features are weighted and redistributed through the SE(Squeeze­ and­ Excitation)module to obtain the key spatial features of encrypted traffic. Finally, through the two-­stage training and learning , fast classification of network flow is achieved. The main advantages of this model are as follows: 1) the mapping relationship between network flow and corresponding labels is constructed end­-to­-end without manual extraction of network flow characteristics; 2)It has a powerful generalization ability which is able to be compatible with different types of data sets; 3) there is still a high recognition rate for encryption application and the underlying traffic of encryption application. The experimental results show that this model can be well qualified for the classification of non­-encrypted and encrypted application, moreover, greatly improves the classification accuracy of the underlying traffic of encryption application.
Local and Remote Forcing Effects of Oceanic Eddies in the Subtropical Front Zone on the Mid-latitude Atmosphere in Winter
Authors: Hu Haibo , Yihang Zhao , Zhang Ning , Bai Haokun , Chen Feifei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Multiple oceanic eddies coexist in the North Pacific subtropical front zone (STFZ) in winter, which can be classified into the isolated single eddies (ISO), the combined double isotropic eddies (DBL) and pairs of anisotropic eddies (PAIR). The forcings of these eddies on the mid-latitude atmosphere are investigated using Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data from year 1979 to 2009, which are divided into the remote and local effects in this research. In the stronger STFZ years,there are more ISO and DBL cyclonic eddies to the north but more ISO and DBL anticyclonic eddies to the south of the STFZ, meanwhile more PAIR eddies with cold to the north and warm to the south concentrated around the main axis of the STFZ. These eddy distributions enhance the strength of STFZ, intensify the propagation of upwards baroclinic waves in the lower atmosphere, and finally enhance the zonal wind at upper atmosphere, which is defined as the remote effects of the eddies. However, distinct from this basin-scale remote forcings, three types of oceanic eddies also have different local forcings on the maritime atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) over these eddies. The local effects of the ISO and DBL eddies on MABL entirely depend on the numbers and polarity of the eddy center, while the MABL response to the PAIR eddies appears at the boundary of the two eddies. Furthermore, the local effects of the three types of eddies can be traced to the middle atmosphere accompanied by local precipitation differences.
The Availability and Utilization of Psychosocial Services for Breast Cancer Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Wondimagegnehu Abigiya , Abebe Workeabeba , Hirpa Selamawit , Abraha Aynalem , Kantelhardt Eva J. , Addissie Adamu , Zebrack Bradley , Teferra Solomon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Provision of psychosocial services has substantial impact in cancer care by reducing emotional distress and improving both the quality of life and survival of patients, but the availability and utilization of the services have been not well-studied in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to explore the types of psychosocial services available for breast cancer patients and utilization in selected health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A mixed method study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey involving a sample of 428 patients with breast cancer, followed by a qualitative study in seven health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of nine in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with purposefully selected four breast cancer patients and five key informants using two separate interview guides. Descriptive statistics were calculated using SPSS software, and both bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done to identify factors associated with provision of psychosocial services. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data using NVivo 12 plus software. Result: Only 47 (11.1%) patients received psychosocial services, either in the form of counseling, emotional support or provision of information. Addis Ababa residency, severity of pain and longer duration since diagnosis were factors associated with provision of psychosocial services. Health professionals reportedly provided such services along with their routine activities, and patients predominantly received social/emotional support from family members, friends and colleagues. There was no well-structured counseling service, emotional support or group discussion sessions for breast cancer patients in these health facilities. The main reasons reported by health professionals for not providing these services were high patient flow/workload, inadequate space, lack of training and not having qualified professionals to organize and deliver psychosocial services in those hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Conclusion: This study revealed that very few breast cancer patients received psychosocial services from health professionals, and the services were not integrated and delivered in a structured way. Therefore, integrating and implementing psychosocial services in cancer care is recommended both in private and government health facilities in Ethiopia.
GPCR activation mechanisms across classes and macro/microscales
Authors: Gloriam David , Hauser Alexander , Kooistra Albert , Munk Christian , Babu M. Madan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Two-thirds of human hormones and one-third of clinical drugs activate ~350 G protein-coupled receptors belonging to four classes: A, B1, C and F. Whereas a model of activation has been described for class A, very little is known about the activation of the other classes which differ by being activated by endogenous ligands bound mainly or entirely extracellularly. Here, we show that although they use the same structural scaffold and share several helix macroswitches, the GPCR classes differ in their microswitch residue positions and contacts. We present molecular mechanistic maps of activation for each GPCR class and new methods for contact analysis applicable for any functional determinants. This is the first superfamily residue-level rationale for conformational selection and allosteric communication by ligands and G proteins laying the foundation for receptor-function studies and drugs with the desired modality.