bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sero-positivity of transfusion transmitted infections and reactive donors response to counselling among healthy blood donors
Authors: Divya N S  , Vanishree H R  , B Jaikar Sharat Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Human Blood is essential and life saving in certain medical and surgical conditions and considered as “liquid of life” as it is not replaced by any artificially prepared medicine, though there are tremendous advances in medical sciences. Though Safe blood practice is emphasised since many years, yet there are many side effects of blood transfusion, of which temporary and reversible are easily recognised and treated. Whereas others especially few transfusion transmitted infections which have long term morbidity and mortality needs attention. Recognising these dreaded transfusion transmitted infections in donated blood will help to procure safe blood and help to treat the reactive donors at the earliest. Indirectly reducing the prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) in the community. Tracing the reactive donors and initiating treatment at the earliest, which often would be a window period of transfusion transmitted disease, helps to formulate the strategy to curb the economic burden besides reducing morbidity and mortality.1)To know the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infection among healthy blood donors; 2)To study reactive donors response to counselling; 3)To suggest strategy to collect and issue safe blood with aim to reduce TTIs.: A retrospective study of 6.5 years done by review of blood donor registry maintained in blood bank from 2014 to June 2020. All the blood donors were clinically examined, and were asked fill up questionnaire and consent form as per standard guidelines. Mandatory screening tests suggested by WHO like for HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis were done and prevalence among both voluntary and replacement donors were calculated. Counselling for reactive donors done and they were directed to undergo advice and treatment by respective department concerned. SPSS software and MS excel sheet were used to analyze the data.Analysis of data revealed replacement blood donors outnumbered voluntary donors. TTIs were more common among replacement donors compared to voluntary. Most number of reactive donors were among men aged between 26 to 35 years. Prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria were 0.062%, 0.655%, 0.006%, 0.146% and0.006% respectively in our study. Among reactive donors responders were 108(85.71%) as compared to non-responders 18(14.28%).Following strict measures to select donor and to counsel donor before donation with appropriate privacy will help to decrease seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections. Counselling reactive donors help to seek treatment at the earliest along with unnoticed ongoing blood donations by them. By knowing seroprevalence rate and response of reactive donors, Government and health administration should make and implement policy for safe blood collection and transfusion.
Spectrum of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Dhende Priyanka D , Patil Lalita Y , Jashnani Kusum 
Published: February 2021

Ovarian tumors are heterogeneous group of neoplasms with wide range of histopathological patterns. It is one of the leading causes of mortality in females. Often difficult to detect until they are advanced in stage or increased in size as symptoms are vague and insidious. Treatment and prognosis is based upon accurate surgical staging and thorough pathological evaluation. A total 150 cases were studied from June 2014 to May 2017. Their age, clinical presentation and histopathological findings were reviewed and analyzed. Out of 150 cases of ovarian tumors studied 119(79.3%) were benign, 9 (6.0%) borderline and 22 (14.6%) malignant. Age ranged from 9 to 80 years. The commonest presenting complaint in malignant and benign cases was pain in abdomen and in borderline cases abdominal distension. CA125, CEA and LDH were most commonly raised in 53.8%, 23% and 100% malignant cases respectively. Surface epithelial tumors were 68% followed by germ cell tumors 28% and sex cord stromal tumors 4%.
KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK IN VITRO DAUN MAJA (Aegle marmelos) DAN DAUN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium)
Authors: Harniati Harniati , Islamiyati Rohmiyatul , Ismartoyo Ismartoyo 
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik in vitro daun maja (Aegle marmelos) dan daun gamal (Gliricidia sepium). Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan uji T dengan lima ulangan. Data hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik in vitro tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) antara daun maja dan daun gamal. Disimpulkan bahwa kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik in vitro daun maja dan daun gamal adalah sama
METODE KONSERVASI TANAH DENGAN CARA STRIP RUMPUT (GRASS STRIP)
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

Konservasi tanah pada lahan kering merupakan upaya meningkatkan fungsi lahan untuk berproduksi, sehingga potensinya dapat dioptimalkan sebagai sumber pendapatan. Lahan kering marginal yang berstatus kritis dicirikan oleh solum tanah yang dangkal, kemiringan lereng, tingkat erosi, kandungan bahan organik sangat rendah. Menurunnya kualitas tanah disebabkan dua faktor utama yakni faktor faktor pertama adalah faktor alamiah yang terdiri dari iklim, topografi, kemiringan lereng, vegetasi dan tanah. Faktor ke dua adalah ulah manusia seperti kesalahan dalam pengelolaan lahan. Dalam upaya mengatasi degradasi tanah untuk memperoleh lahan yang ideal dalam usaha pertanian, maka tindakan yang harus ditempuh dengan cara vegetatif. Cara vegetatif antara lain penanaman menurut kontur seperti strip rumput. Metode koservasi tanah secara vegetatif dengn strip rumput dapat mengurangi kehilangan unsur hara tanah melalui erosi, menahan aliran permukaan dan juga menghasilkan hijauan untuk ternak
DAYA CERNA PROTEIN KASAR, LEMAK KASAR DAN SERAT KASAR RANSUM KOMPLIT MENGANDUNG BAHAN UTAMA TUMPI JAGUNG FERMENTASI PADA TERNAK KAMBING KACANG
Authors: Antisa Ayu , Natsir Asmuddin , Syahrir Syahriani 
Published: February 2021

Daya cernaan bahan pakan adalah bagian zat yang dapat dicerna oleh tubuh dan diasumsikan diserap oleh tubuh ternak sehingga tidak diekskresikan dalam feses. Jumlah maupun komposisi kimia serat suatu bahan pakan sangat berpengaruh terhadap kecernaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi daya cerna protein, daya cerna lemak, dan daya cerna serat pakan komplit mengandung tumpi jagung fermentasi pada ternak kambing kacang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Sepuluh ekor ternak kambing kacang secara random dibagi kedalam dua kelompok perlakuan (5 ekor/kelompok). Kelompok (F) diberi pakan komplit mengandung tumpi fermentasi dan pada kelompok (TF) diberi pakan komplit mengandung tumpi tanpa fermentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap daya cerna protein, daya cerna lemak dan daya cerna serat kasar pakan. Kesimpulan Pemberian ransum komplit tumpi jagung fermentasi dan ransum komplit tumpi jagung tanpa fermentasi kecernaan protein dari kedua perlakuan cukup tinggi yaitu berada di angka diatas 70% begitupula dengan kecernaan lemak juga cukup tinggi yaitu rataan diatas 80% dan kecernaan serat rataan diatas 50%.
PENGUJIAN KARAKTERISTIK DAN KANDUNGAN LEMAK KASAR SILASE PAKAN KOMPLIT YANG BERBAHAN DASAR ECENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes) DENGAN LAMA FERMENTASI YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Yuvita Dina , Mustabi Jamila , Asriany Anie 
Published: February 2021

Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) merupakan salah satu jenis gulma air yang memiliki potensi sebagai bahan pakan alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik dan kandungan lemak kasar silase pakan komplit berbahan dasar eceng gondok dengan lama fermentasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan.Perlakuan P1 (lama fermentasi 0 hari atau kontrol), P2 (lama fermentasi 10 hari), P3 (lama fermentasi 20 hari) dan P4 (lama fermentasi 30 hari).Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa lama fermentasi yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kandungan pH tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kandungan lemak kasar silase pakan komplit. Rataan kandungan pH yaitu P0 = 7; P1 = 5,32; P2 = 4,18; P3 = 4,21. Rataan kandungan lemak kasar adalah P0 = 0,93%; P1 = 1,25%; P2 = 1,22 %; dan P3 = 0,92 %. Dari penelitian disimpulkan bahwa silase pakan komplit yang berbahan dasar eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) termasuk dalam kategori baik berdasarkan pengujian karakteristik.Lama fermentasi 20 hari adalah yang terbaik dalam pembuatan silase pakan komplit berbahan eceng gondok.
KANDUNGAN PROTEIN KASAR DAN SERAT KASAR TONGKOL JAGUNG FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN CAIRAN RUMEN SEBAGAI INOKULAN
Authors: Farliansyah Farliansyah , Mustabi Jamila , Syahrir Syahriani 
Published: February 2021

Tongkol jagung mengandung serat kasar yang tinggi dan nilai protein yang rendah. Teknologi fermentasi dengan menggunakan cairan rumen sebagai inokulan diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kualitas tongkol jagung.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian cairan rumen sapi sebagai inokulan terhadap nilai protein kasar dan serat kasar tongkol jagung.Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dengan 4ulangan. Perlakuan P0 : fermentasi tongkol jagung tanpa penambahan cairan rumen (Kontrol), P1 : Tongkol Jagung + Cairan Rumen 15%, P3 : Tongkol Jagung + Cairan Rumen 30%. Hasil analisis ragam menujukkan bahwa fermentasi tongkol jagung dengan menggunakan cairan rumen sapi sebagai inokulan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P>0.05) terhadap kandungan protein kasar tongkol jagung tetapi memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap kandunga serat kasar tongkol jagung. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan rataan kandungan protein kasar perlakuan P0 : 2.78%, P1 : 3.11% dan P2 :3.08%, rataan kandungan serat kasar perlakuan P0 : 36.55%, P1 : 37.82% dan P2 : 40.51%. Kesimpulan, penambahan inokulan cairan rumen 15% (P1) lebih baik daripada perlakuan lainnya, memiliki kandungan protein kasar tertinggi dan mampu meningktakan kandungan protein kasar 0.33% dari perlakuan kontrol (P0). Semakin tinggi penambahan inokulan cairan rumen semakin meningkatkan kandungan serat kasar tongkol jagung fermentasi.
Parity and Marital Status as Factors Influencing Contraceptive Use among Adolescents in Indonesia
Authors: Mas'udah Anni Fithriyatul , Pristya Terry YR , Andarmoyo Sulistyo 
Published: February 2021

Adolescent pregnancy has a higher health risk compared to adult pregnancy. One approach to control pregnancy among adolescents is through contraceptive use. The data on contraceptive use has increased in 2018 and is still controversial among adolescents. Thus, it is necessary to determine the factors encou - rag ing the use of contraceptives among adolescents. This study aimed to determine the relation of parity and marital status on contraceptive use among adolescents. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was adolescents aged 15–19 years in Indonesia. The total sample of 936 adolescents was selected from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). Multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent variables (parity and marital status) on the dependent variable (contraceptive use) with education, work status, region, and economic status as controls. The results showed relationship association between marital status and parity on contraceptive use in adolescents after being controlled by confounding variables , namely work status, economic status and region. The use of contraceptives was one way to control adolescent pregnancy. Counseling and guidance concerning the use of contraceptives should be provided to adolescents.
Late Quaternary Slip Rate and Kinematics of the Baoertu Fault, Constrained by 10Be Exposure Ages of Displaced Surfaces within Eastern Tian Shan
Authors: Ren Guangxue , Li Chuanyou , Wu Chuanyong , Zhang Huiping , Wang Siyu , Ren Zhikun , Lei Qiyun , Li Xinnan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInvestigation on the kinematics and deformation rates about active fault interior of the Tian Shan can provide significant information for strengthening our understanding on the present tectonic evolution of this range. The Baoertu Fault (BETF) is a major E-W striking active structure within the eastern Tian Shan and separates the south and central Tian Shan. But its kinematics and slip rates in the late Quaternary have never been systematically reported before. Based on interpretations of remote sensing images, drone photography, and detailed field investigations, we propose that the BETF is characterized by left-lateral strike-slip faulting with a thrust component and provides the first late Pleistocene slip rate for this fault. At the northern margin of the Kumishi Basin, combining offset reconstructions of displaced alluvial fan surfaces with the terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) exposure age dating, we calculate an average sinistral slip rate of 0.65±0.16 mm/yr and average vertical slip rate of 0.07±0.01 mm/yr for the BETF since 95-106 ka. The differential movement eastward between the central Tian Shan block and Yanqi-Kumishi Basin block is likely the dominant driver of the left-lateral slip of the BETF. Synthesizing other quantitative data in eastern Tian Shan, we suggest that the hinterland active faults or folds, including the BEFT, roughly accommodate ~28-45% of the total N-S convergence across the eastern Tian Shan.
Acid Fracturing Tight Gas Carbonates Reservoirs Using CO2 to Assist Stimulation Fluids: An Alternative to Less Water Consumption while Maintaining Productivity
Authors: Sanchez Mauricio , Abel Justin Tate , Idris Muhammad , Soriano Eduardo , Lopez Alfredo , Fathkutdinov Damir 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Conventional hydraulic fracture stimulation techniques have been widely used to enhance production from tight gas reservoirs. Since the initial use of this method to increase production rates, the industry has witnessed continued advancement in terms of fracturing theory, fluids, and techniques. The use of carbon dioxide (CO2) since the early 1960s has continued to be a significant part of these advances. CO2 has been used for many years as an energy source to aid fluid recovery of well stimulation fluids. This technology predominantly has been used to stimulate tight sandstone reservoirs. There are very limited applications for low permeable tight carbonate reservoirs because of complexities associated with the physical and mechanical properties of carbonate rocks and its interaction with fracturing fluid. Nevertheless, the advantages of using assisted CO2 stimulation fluids as the elimination of potential formation damage normally associated with fracturing fluids and very rapid cleanup are still present.
This paper outlines one of the first acid fracturing jobs assisted with CO2 conducted on a tight gas well reservoir in Saudi Arabia. It describes in a simple manner the screening methodology and key parameters considered during selection of a well candidate and the design process, which was based on petrophysical, mechanical, and chemistry properties of the formation and the respective interaction with treatment fluids. Moreover, primary operational procedures and guidelines are discussed, highlighting a safety risk assessment point of view.
Implementing this technique in a more generalized manner in the field can help save considerable operational time and costs. CO2 used to energized fracturing fluids can increase the productivity of the well while using less water and less acid than conventional acid fracturing, which is of primary importance in such a harsh environment, requiring less water consumption.
Evaluating Vertical and Horizontal Well Potential of Tight Oil Exploratory Wells in the Jimusaer Field
Authors: Kuang Lichun , Xu Jiangwen , Mao Xinjun , Chen Chaofeng , Li Xuebin , Judd Tobias , Liu Yuan , Hai Liu , Li Jing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The necessity to exploit hydrocarbon resources further down the resource triangle has resulted in the industry attempting to evaluate large and more-challenging resource plays due to the scarcity of conventional reserves. The Jimusaer field, located in the Junggar basin in western China, represents such a scenario and covers a surface area exceeding 300,000 acres with a targeted reservoir thickness of 650 ft located between 9,100 and 14,500 ft true vertical depth (TVD).
Typical exploration programs include extensive data collection of reservoir and hydrocarbon properties with respect to structural location. The assessment and evaluation of such data improve the understanding of the subsurface uncertainties and associated risk. In Junggar basin, given the uncertainty in well productivity, increased attention to the hydraulic fracturing process was required. The process, which included the application and combination of several types of technology, was built upon and optimized through the initial 28 vertical wells.
To further improve well performance, long horizontal laterals combined with multistage hydraulic fracturing were needed to provide proof of commercial productivity and subsequent field development, which, for several years, was not thought to be possible. Based on the initial vertical well results, three horizontal wells were designed based upon the improved reservoir understanding. This phase was meant to further advance the understanding of the subsurface and completion and stimulation technologies while identifying areas for future productivity improvement.
Finally, the unique geological properties of this reservoir required different strategies and technology deployment to make them viable and sustainable in terms of reservoir and completion quality factors. The successful application of a locally developed technology plan and pilot program through a multidisciplinary approach further demonstrated the suitability of a given technology with the lessons learned being captured and incorporated into future well designs.
Geo-Engineered Completion Optimization: An Integrated, Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Improve Stimulation Efficiency in Unconventional Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Spain David R. , Gil Ivan , Sebastian Herb , Smith Phil S. , Wampler Jeff , Cadwallader Stephan , Graff Mitchell 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Large, high density fracture networks are necessary to deliver commercial production rates from sub-microdarcy permeability organic-rich shale reservoirs. Operators have increased lateral length and fracture stages as the primary means to improve well performance and, more recently, are tailoring completion techniques to local experience and reservoir-specific learning. In particular, closer fracture stage spacing or increased number of stages per well have driven improvements in well performance. Large scale adoption occurs when the change in performance is clearly linked to the reservoir-specific completion design.
Horizontal well fracturing efficiency in unconventional reservoirs is notoriously poor. Numerous authors report that 40 to 60 per cent of frac stages or individual perforation clusters have been shown (albeit with highly uncertain surveillance methods) to contribute little or no production. The fracture initiation and propagation process is very complex in shale; it is affected by in-situ stress, geomechanical heterogeneity, presence of natural fractures, and completion parameters. Close cluster spacing can provide enhanced well production; however, if the spacing is too close, stress shadowing among these clusters can actually induce higher stresses, creating fracture competition.
This paper presents an approach to the integration of these parameters through both state-of-the-art geological characterization and unconventional 3D hydraulic fracture modeling. We couple stochastic discrete fracture network (DFN) models of in-situ natural fractures with a state-of-the art 3D unconventional fracture simulator. The modeled fracture geometry and associated conductivity is exported into a dynamic reservoir flow model, for production performance prediction. Calibrated toolkits and workflows, underpinned by integrated surveillance including distributed temperature and acoustic fiber optic sensing (DTS/DAS), are used to optimize horizontal well completions. A case study is presented which demonstrates the technical merits and economic benefits of using this multidisciplinary approach to completion optimization.
Analysis of Transient Linear Flow Associated with Hydraulically-Fractured Tight Oil Wells Exhibiting Multi-Phase Flow
Authors: Behmanesh H.. , Hamdi H.. , Clarkson C. R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hydraulically-fractured vertical and horizontal wells completed in the tight formations typically exhibit long periods of transient linear flow that may last many years or decades. From this transient linear flow period, the linear flow parameter (xf√k) may be extracted. However, changes in effective permeability to the oil phase during production, caused by wellbore pressure falling below the saturation pressure, affect the flow dynamics in tight oil reservoirs and complicate the analysis. The use of methods that assume single-phase flow properties, such as the square-root of time plot, can lead to significant errors in linear flow parameter estimates.
In this study, an analytical method is introduced to mathematically correct the slope of the square-root-of-time plot for the effects of multi-phase flow through the use of modified pseudovariables. Although the correction was derived for wells producing at constant flowing pressure during transient linear flow, the method is extended for wells producing at variable rate/flowing pressures. In order to evaluate pseudovariables used in the correction, the saturation-pressure relationship must be known. In this work, an analytical method for evaluating the saturation-pressure relationship is also developed.
The results of our new analytical method for linear flow analysis are validated against numerical simulation. The new method yields linear flow parameter estimates that are within 10% of those input into the numerical simulator.
Mukhaizna Steam Injectors Thermal Efficiency & Insulated tubing Pilot Evaluation
Authors: Shaibi Rashid Al 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Occidental operates a steam flood project in Mukhaizna which is a giant deep heavy oil field in south Oman. Wellbore heat losses from steam injectors is one of the challenges that degrades the steam flood thermal efficiency for a deep reservoir. In addition, wellbore heat losses increase the thermal stress on the casing and lead to wellbore damage. In aim to reduce wellbore heat losses, insulated tubing was introduced and a Pilot was carried out to select the optimum insulated tubing product in the market. Ten Injectors were instrumented and completed with insulated tubing from four different vendors in addition to two bare strings used as a reference base line. Data were collected and evaluated in eight months period. Field thermal conductivity was obtained for the tested products using DTS temperature data from the outermost casing, the Thermocouples data from the tubing outer wall and temperature logs during injection in aid of a calibrated wellbore model. The conducted analysis and the field observations were sufficient to resolve the thermal performance between the tested products. This paper describes the Pilot configuration and the evaluation methodology. Analysis output and field observations are summarized and presented in addition to the raw data collected from the instruments and temperature logs.