bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Adiponectin, Body Adiposity and Metabolic Profile in Relation to Obesity among Egyptian Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Yahia Sohier , El-Farahaty Reham , EL-Gilany Abdel-Hady , Shoaib Rasha , Ramadan Rowayda , Salem Nanees 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher risk for obesity. Adiponectin plays a crucial role in obesity-related cardiometabolic comorbidities. We aimed to determine whether body adiposity indicators, metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, serum adiponectin and insulin resistance indicies are different in "obese-DS" children compared to BMI-Z-score-matched "obese-control" and to clarify the usefulness of serum adiponectin as a biomarker for MetS in DS children. Cross-sectional study included 150 prepubertal children classfied into three groups; obese-DS (n = 50), obese-control (n = 50) and normal-weight-control (n = 50). Participants were evaluated for waist-circumference (WC), body adiposity, serum triglycerides, HDL-C, adiponectin and Homeostasis-Model-Assessment of Insulin-Resistance (HOMA-IR). MetS was defined using modified Adult Treatment Panel III-criteria. Obese-DS had significantly higher WC, %body fat, total-fat mass, trunk-fat mass, trunk/appendicular-FM ratio, triglycerides, insulin and HOMA-IR and significantly lower HDL-C values compared to obese-control. Higher prevalence of MetS and its components were observed in obese-DS that was evident at younger age. Serum adiponectin was significantly lower in obese-DS compared with obese-control and in obese-DS children with MetS compared to obese-control with MetS. The decrease in adiponectin with increasing grades of obesity was pronounced in obese-DS. Adiponectin exhibited strong correlations with body adiposity, several MetS components and HOMA-IR in obese-DS. Adiponectin performed better as a biomarker for MetS among obese-DS (AUC = 0.808) than among obese-control (AUC = 0.674). In conclusion, prepubertal obese-DS displayed excess body adiposity with pronounced central fat distribution, atherogenic lipid profile and higher insulin resistance compared to matched obese-control. Adiponectin performed better as potential biomarker of MetS in obese-DS than among obese-control.
Transcriptomic resources for prairie grass (Bromus catharticus): expressed transcripts, tissue-specific genes, and identification and validation of EST-SSR markers
Authors: Sun Ming , Dong Zhixiao , Yang Jian , Wu Wendan , Zhang Chenglin , Zhang Jianbo , Zhao Junming , Xiong Yi , Jia Shangang , Ma Xiao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Prairie grass (Bromus catharticus) is a typical cool-season forage crop with high biomass production and fast growth rate during winter and spring. However, its genetic research and breeding has remained stagnant due to limited available genomic resources. The aim of this study was to generate large-scale genomic data using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, and perform a preliminary validation of EST-SSR markers of B. catharticus.Results: Eleven tissue samples including seeds, leaves, and stems were collected from a new high-yield strain of prairie grass BCS1103. A total of 257,773 unigenes were obtained, of which 193,082 (74.90%) were annotated. Comparison analysis between tissues identified 1803, 3030, and 1570 genes specifically expressed in the seed, leaf, and stem, respectively. A total of 37,288 EST-SSRs were identified from unigene sequences, and more than 80,000 primer pairs were designed. We synthesized 420 primer pairs and selected 52 ones with high polymorphisms to estimate genetic diversity and population structure in 24 B. catharticus accessions worldwide. Despite low diversity indicated by an average genetic distance of 0.358, the accessions from South America and Asia and wild accessions showed higher genetic diversity. Moreover, South American accessions showed a pure ancestry, but Asian accessions demonstrated mixed relationships, which indicated a different probability of gene flow among the two regions. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the studied accessions into four clades. Finally, phenotypic clustering and Mantel analysis suggested the total phenotypic variation was mostly contributed by the genetic component. Stem diameter, plant height, leaf width, and biomass yield significantly correlated with genetic data (r > 0.6, P < 0.001), and might be genetically stable in the future selection and breeding.Conclusion: A genomic resource was generated that could benefit genetic and taxonomic studies, as well as molecular breeding for B. catharticus and it relatives in the future.
High Burden of Anemia Among Pregnant Women in Tanzania: A Call to Address Its Determinants
Authors: Sunguya Bruno F. , Ge Yue , Mlunde Linda , Mpembeni Rose , Leyna Germana , Huang Jiayang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Anemia in pregnancy is behind a significant burden of maternal mortality and poor birth outcomes globally. Efforts to address it need evidence on trends and its pertinent factors as they vary from one area to another. Methods: We analyzed data of 23,203 women of reproductive age whose hemoglobin levels were measured from two Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS). Of them, 2,194 women were pregnant. Analyses employed descriptive analyses to determine the burden of anemia, its characteristics, and severity; GIS mapping to determine the regional changes of anemia between 2005 and 2015; and logistic regression to determine the remaining determinants of anemia among pregnant women using Stata 15. Results: The burden of anemia among pregnant women in Tanzania has remained unprecedently high, and vary between regions. Despite such variation, there was no significant decline of anemia in general between the two periods [AOR=0.964, p=0.747). Anemia is currently prevalent in 57% of pregnant women in Tanzania. The burden is more likely to be higher among women aged 15-19 years than those aged between 20-34 years. It is more likely to be prevalent among those within large families, with no formal education, food insecurity, lack of health insurance, had no antimalaria during pregnancy, and had low frequency of ANC attendance. On the other hand, delivery in a health facility was protective against anemia.Conclusions: Anemia in pregnancy remained persistently high and prevalent among 57% of pregnant women in Tanzania. Efforts to address anemia is crucial and need to be focused in regions with increasing burden of anemia among pregnant women. It is imperative to address important risk factors such as food insecurity, strengthening universal health coverage, empowering women of reproductive age with education and especially nutritional knowledge and advocating for early antenatal booking, attendance, and facility delivery.
Vision screening, ocular disease assessment, and referral patterns of primary care providers within a Graduate Medical Education system
Authors: Bergstrom Reece , Czyz Craig , Hutchison Jeff 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Vision related screening procedures, ocular disease assessment, and ophthalmologic referral patterns of family (FM) and internal medicine (IM) residents and attendings, within a Graduate Medical Education (GME).Objective The study evaluated FM & IM residents’ and attendings’ ophthalmic evaluation practices, knowledge base, and referral patterns within a GME ambulatory care network.Methods An anonymous survey was conducted in 2018 determine the incidence and methods of visual screening and what patient symptoms, medical histories, or complaints prompted referral to an ophthalmologist. The provider's knowledge base of ocular diseases and systemic treatments with potential ocular complications was also assessed. The referral patterns of the FM/IM providers for ophthalmologic care was evaluated for rationale and location. Results The survey response rate was 45%. A low percentage of providers (16%) indicated ocular diseases was part of their past medical history evaluation. Nearly half the respondents (40%) indicated they did not assess the visual status of their patients. When patients reported visual complaints or visual deficiency was noted on exam, all providers (100%) indicated they refer patients for ophthalmology evaluation. There was a significant percentage of providers that indicated they did not know where to refer patients for ophthalmology evaluation (42%).Conclusions This analysis presents the opportunity to improve a GME primary care team’s visual screening practices to improve care access and quality for patients requiring ophthalmologic services with a timely and appropriate referral. Similarly, further education recommendations provided to practitioners regarding specific indicators requiring ophthalmologic referral.
Use of SD-OCT to Quantitatively Evaluate Peripheral Congestion in Diastolic Dysfunction with a Role Model in Hemodialysis Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease.
Authors: Ozdemir Ibrahim , Efe Süleyman Çağan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: There is no practical quantitative tool to assess peripheral congestion in patients with congestive heart failure. In this study, we aimed to evaluate peripheral congestion by measuring choroidal thickness with SD-OCTin patients with end stage renal disease(ESRD). In addition, volume management by hemodialysis (HD) is often difficult in patients with ESRD. Volume overload or hypovolemia may increase morbidity and mortality in long-term HD patients. Therefore, it is important to determine the ideal ultrafiltration rate (UFR) for each patient. Also, we aimed to find a data to help determine the ideal UFR.Methods: Fifty HD patients with ESRD were divided into 3 groups according to diastolic functions. Patients with mild diastolic dysfunction were enrolled in Group1, those with moderate diastolic dysfunction were enrolled in Group 2, and those with severe diastolic dysfunction were enrolled in Group 3. Choroid was used to evaluate peripheral congestion and choroidal thickness (CT) was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after HD.Results: The average CT before HD in Group 3 (259.3 ± 7.5 μm ) was significantly higher than in Group 1 (249.6 ± 9.4 μm) (p=0,015). The average CT after HD in Group 3 (224.1 ± 5.2 μm ) was significantly higher than in Group 1 (232.4 ± 9.3 μm) (p=0,033). The mean of DCT was significantly higher in Group 3 than in Group 1 (p< 0.001)Conclusion:DCT was correlated with diastolic function in ESRD patients undergoing HD, and further evaluation of diastolic function before HD may play a role in finding the ideal UFR.
Prediction of Collapsibility of Loess of Construction Sites in Xining Based on Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Zhao Qifei , Li Xiaojun , Cao Yunning , Li Zhikun , Fan Jixin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Collapsibility of loess is a significant factor affecting engineering construction in loess area, and testing the collapsibility of loess is costly. In this study, A total of 4,256 loess samples are collected from the north, east, west and middle regions of Xining. 70% of the samples are used to generate training data set, and the rest are used to generate verification data set, so as to construct and validate the machine learning models. The most important six factors are selected from thirteen factors by using Grey Relational analysis and multicollinearity analysis: burial depth、water content、specific gravity of soil particles、void rate、geostatic stress and plasticity limit. In order to predict the collapsibility of loess, four machine learning methods: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Subspace Based Support Vector Machine (RSSVM), Random Forest (RF) and Naïve Bayes Tree (NBTree), are studied and compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicators, standard error (SD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) are used to verify and compare the models in different research areas. The results show that: RF model is the most efficient in predicting the collapsibility of loess in Xining, and its AUC average is above 80%, which can be used in engineering practice.
Laparoscopic hepatectomy for treating recurrent Intrahepatic bile duct stones: A review and meta-analysis
Authors: liu fei , Yang Hong-Qiang , Wu Qiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective Laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) has been a controversial topic for patients with prior upper abdominal surgery,especially for the patients with recurrent intrahepatic bile duct(IHD) stones.The purpose of this meta-analysis is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH) and open hepatectomy(OH) in patients with recurrent Intrahepatic bile duct stones which who have had at least one biliary tract surgery in the past. Methods Retrieving all satisfied reports from the time the repository was built to December 2020. Literature published in English.After selecting the literature, extracting the data and evaluating the quality according to the Cochrane systematic evaluation method, the extracted data were statistically analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software.Continuity variables were calculated by mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI), while dichotomous variables were calculated by 95% CI odds ratio (0R). Results Through screening, we finally obtained one RCT study, but this study did not met our predetermined selection criteria. Therefore, no suitable studies were identifified for inclusion in this review. Conclusion We found no RCT evidence - supportive or otherwise - for the use of Laparoscopic hepatectomy for people with recurrent intrahepatic bile duct stones. We concluded that there is an urgent need for well conducted RCTs in this area
Strontium as a Tracer for Calcium: Uptake, Transport and Partitioning Within Tomato Plants
Authors: Jovanović Petar , Rachmilevitch Shimon , Roitman Noam , Erel Ran 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PurposeCalcium (Ca2+) is a major structural plant nutrient whose low mobility in the phloem causes deleterious nutritional disorders in non-transpiring organs. Since strontium (Sr2+) and Ca2+ share many chemical properties, Sr2+ is frequently used as a tracer to study Ca2+ cycles in ecosystems. However, the level of agreement between Sr2+ and Ca2+ distribution pattern in plants is debatable, and several studies have reported toxic effects of Sr2+. Therefore, we investigated Sr2+ and Ca2+ uptake rates and distribution pattern to determine how reliably Sr2+ can be used as a tracer of Ca2+ in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). MethodsWe conducted six independent experiments of various duration: from a few hours to several weeks, in hydroponic and perlite substrate. We treated plants with either Ca2+ or Sr2+ at equivalent concentrations and monitored their accumulation in shoot and fruits. ResultsUnder short-term exposure (hours), Ca2+ and Sr2+ uptake and distribution within the plant were comparable, while the long-term exposure (days and weeks) to 4 mM Sr2+ reduced transpiration and biomass accumulation. The toxic effect of Sr2+ was more prominent when growth conditions were favourable. Nonetheless, Sr2+ accumulated similarly to Ca2+ in shoot and fruit. Surprisingly, Sr2+ deposition in tomato fruit cell walls prevented blossom end rot (BER) to the same degree as Ca2+. ConclusionSr2+ can credibly be used as a tracer of Ca2+ uptake and allocation in the short-term, making Sr2+ a powerful tool to study the factors governing Ca2+ allocation to plant organs, primarily fruit Ca2+ delivery.
Proteomic Analysis of Banana Vascular Sap Provides Insight Into Resistance Mechanisms to Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Cubense Tropical Race 4
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Lina , Li Shu , Cenci Alberto , Rouard Mathieu , Carpentier Sebastien , Bai Tingting , Xu Shengtao , Fan Huacai , Yin Kesuo , He Ping , Wang Yunyue , Tang Weihua , Zheng Sijun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) is the causal agent of Fusarium wilt, and is the most destructive soil-borne and vascular invasive fungus of banana. The sap circulating in vascular cells transports proteins including those that might be involved in disease-resistance processes. However, there is no research to analyze changes in banana vascular sap protein response to TR4 to date. Results: To gain an integrated understanding of differential protein abundance in banana vascular sap during TR4 infection, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of vascular sap of the resistant ‘Pahang’ and the susceptible ‘Brazilian’ bananas inoculated with TR4. We identified 129 differential expression proteins (DEPs) between resistant and susceptible tested combinations. Of these DEPs, hypersensitive-induced response protein 1 (HIR1) and E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3) decreased in abundance in Pahang with no change in Brazilian under TR4 infection; chalcone isomerase (CHI) and glycine-rich RNA-binding protein (GRP) increased in abundance in Pahang but no significant changes in Brazilian under TR4 infection; carboxylesterase (CXE) and GDSL lipase (GLIP) were specifically in higher abundance in Pahang response to TR4 compared to that of Brazilian. It suggested that these proteins played important roles in bananas against TR4. Conclusions: Our study identified 129 DEPs in vascular sap between resistant and susceptible tested combinations. Of which, HIR1, E3, CHI, GRP, CXE and GLIP played important roles in bananas response to TR4. To our knowledge, this is first report to analyze changes in banana vascular sap proteins in response to TR4, which help us to explore the molecular mechanisms of banana defense to Fusarium wilt.
Seismic Behavior of LRB and FPS Type Isolators Considering Torsional Effects
Authors: Ozer Esra , Inel Mehmet , Cayci Bayram Tanik 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aims to investigate seismic behavior of LRB and FPS type base isolated models considering torsional irregularity due to distance between stiffness center of isolators and mass center of superstructure for low- and mid-rise reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings with no shear walls. Nonlinear behavior of structural members was also considered to be able to observe probable yielding of structural members in superstructure due to the torsional irregularity. 528 different nonlinear time history analyses of 3-dimensional 3, 5, 7 and 9-story models subjected to 11 pairs of earthquake records were performed. The results indicate that FPS type isolators tend higher displacement demands while LRB type isolators are more sensitive to torsional effects. Torsional irregularity coefficient values of LRB models with 20% eccentricity are 47% higher than symmetrical models in terms of averages. Since significant part of the demands is absorbed by the isolator system, the remaining seismic demands for the superstructure is relatively low. Besides, the outcomes underline the careful selection of number of ground motion records in dynamic analysis as mentioned in the literature. While some studies in the literature indicate that torsional effects due to 10% or 20% eccentricity have significant role on building response, they used very limited building models subjected to a few earthquake records. The use of four different RC frame building model with LRB and FPS type isolators subjected to 11 pairs of ground motion records do not strongly support the abovementioned studies in literature. Therefore, more research is needed in this field.
Incidence of proximal deep vein thrombosis in medical critical care patients
Authors: Permpikul Chairat , Chaiyasoot Walailak , PANITCHOTE ANUPOL 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Approximately 13–31% of medical critical care patients develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, there are very few reports regarding the incidence of DVT among Asian patients without routine prophylaxis. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and incidence proportion of proximal DVT in Thai medical critical care patients not receiving thrombosis prophylaxis.
Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study in medical critical care patients admitted to Siriraj Hospital, Thailand between November 2008 and November 2009. Patients were screened for proximal DVT by duplex ultrasonography performed 48 hours, 7, 14 and 28 days after admisson. Primary outcomes were prevalence and incidence proportion of DVT. Factors associated with the development of proximal DVT were evaluated by multivariate analysis.
Results
Of the 158 patients enrolled in the study, 25 had proximal DVT (15.8%). Nine patients (5.7%) had DVT on the first test at 48 hours, while 10 (6.3%), 2 (1.3%) and 4 (2.5%) patients had developed DVT on days 7, 14, and 28, respectively. Thus, the prevalence at the beginning of the study was 5.7% (95%CI 2.6–10.5) and the incidence proportion was 10.1% (95%CI 5.9–15.9). The multivariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] per 1-year increase was 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.07), female gender (OR 4.05, 95%CI 1.51–12.03), femoral venous catheter (OR 11.18, 95%CI 3.19–44.83), and the absence of platelet transfusion (OR 0.07, 95%CI 0.003–0.43) were associated with the development of proximal DVT. Patients with proximal DVT had a longer hospital length of stay (22 days [IQR 11–60] vs 14 days [7–23], p = 0.03) and spent more time on mechanical ventilation (10 days (3.3–57) vs 6 days (3–12), p = 0.053) than patients without DVT. Patient mortality was not affected by the presence of DVT (52% vs 38.3%, p = 0.29).
Conclusions
Routine thromboprophylaxis is not used in our institution and the prevalence and incidence proportion of proximal DVT in medical critical care patients were both substantial. Patients with older age, female gender, an intravenous femoral catheter, and the absence of platelet transfusion all had a higher chance of developing proximal DVT.
A randomized controlled study of anterior lumbar plexus combined with parasacral sciatic nerve block under the guidance of ultrasound and nerve stimulator in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty
Authors: wu wei , Bu Wenhao , Huang Haibin , Mao Ying , Tan Yongxing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives

To explore the clinical application of anterior lumbar plexus combined with parasacral nerve block under the dual guidance of ultrasound and nerve stimulator in elderly hip arthroplasty.
Methods

Methods:Forty elderly patients aged from 65 to 85 years old who underwent unilateral hip arthroplasty (Except for revision of hip joint) were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20 in each group): ultrasound-guided anterior lumbar plexus combined with parasacral sciatic nerve block group (group A) and ultrasound-guided anterior lumbar plexus block group (group B). Both groups were assisted with sedation with different doses of dexmetopyrimidine and analgesia with different doses of sufentanil. Because the orthopaedic team of our hospital performed hip arthroplasty with mature technique and fixed operation time, the onset time of block in group An and B, heart rate and blood pressure at admission (T0), skin incision (T1), half hour after skin incision (T2) and skin suture(T3), intraoperative dosage ofdexmedetomidine and sufentanil, postoperative 1, 4, 8, 16, 24hVAS score and the first time of getting out of bed were recorded.
Results

the heart rate and blood pressure at T1, T2 and T3 in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.05). The amount of sufentanil used during operation in group), A was significantly lower than that in group B (P < 0.05). The postoperative scores of 1,4,8,16 and 24hVAS in group), A were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.05), and the time of getting out of bed for the first time after operation was shorter than that in group B (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

compared with simple anterior lumbar plexus block, anterior lumbar plexus combined with parasacral sciatic nerve block in elderly patients with hip arthroplasty can make the intraoperative circulation more stable, the intraoperative dosage of opioids significantly reduced and the effect of early postoperative analgesia is better. it can also shorten the time for patients to get out of bed for the first time.