bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Clinical-Genomic Model for Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer Enrolled in a Taiwanese Multicenter Study
Authors: Pennarun Nicolas , Lee Yi-Hsuan , Tseng Ling-Ming , Yang Po-Sheng , Liang Ji-An , Hsieh Chia-Ming , Chang Yuan-Ching , Wang Ming-Yang , Huang Chiun-Sheng , Shih Kuan-Hui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNumerous prospective studies, predominantly in the Caucasian population, have proven the clinical utility of using multigene expression tests to prevent overtreatment in early-stage breast cancer patients with early-stage disease. In this study, we used an Asian population to validate a clinical-genomic assay (RecurIndex®) for estimating the risk of distant recurrence and relapse in early-stage breast cancer patients. MethodsA total of 298 patients with early-stage breast cancer, luminal-like subtype (85.6%) and HER2-enriched/ triple-negative subtype (14.4%), was enrolled in a retrospective study across five participating medical centers in Taiwan. The inclusion criteria were as follows: women (1) who underwent primary surgery without prior induction treatments, (2) with an early pathologic N stage and (3) who received either mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery. Kaplan Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to, respectively, identify independent prognostic factors and calculate the 5- and 10-year survival rates of patients in the low- and high-risk groups assigned by the diagnostic test. A forest plot was produced to assess hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The primary endpoint was distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) and the secondary endpoint was relapse-free survival (RFS).ResultsThe 10-year DRFS rate was significantly higher in the good prognosis group than in the poor prognosis group (91.9% [95% CI, 86.1-98.1%] versus 62.9% [95% CI, 49.8-79.4%]). The overall hazard ratio for distant recurrence was 1.031 [95% CI, 1.017 - 1.046] per unit Recurrence index-distant recurrence (RI-DR) score increment. ConclusionsThe present study provides robust evidence of the clinical utility of using the RI-DR score to accurately predict clinical outcomes. RecurIndex® could be used to determine the utility of adjuvant chemotherapy in Asian patients, especially those having hormone-receptor positive tumors, leading to a meaningful reduction in adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations.
Assessment of Catatonia and Inter-Rater Reliability of Three Instruments: A Descriptive Study in an Acute Mental Health Unit in Urban South Africa
Authors: Zingela Zuksiwa , Stroud Louise , Cronje Johan , Fink Max , Wyk Stephan Van 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundClinical assessment of catatonia includes the use of diagnostic systems, like the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 (DSM-5) and International Classification of Disease Manual 10 (ICD-10), or screening tools such as the Bush Francis Screening Instrument (BFCSI)/Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) and Braunig’s Catatonia Rating Scale. In this study, we describe the inter-rater reliability (IRR), utilizing the BFCSI, BFCRS and DSM-5 to screen for catatonia. MethodData from 10 participants recruited as part of a larger prevalence study were used to determine IRR by five assessors after they were trained in the application of the 14-item BFCSI, 23-item BFCRS and DSM-5 to assess catatonia in new admissions. Krippendorff α was used to compute the IRR, and Spearman’s correlation was used to determine concordance between screening tools. The study was performed at a 35-bed acute mental health unit in Dora Nginza Hospital, Nelson Mandela Bay Metro. Participants were mostly involuntary admissions under the Mental Health Care Act of 2002 and between the ages of 13 and 65 years and older. ResultsThe majority (8, 80%) were 35 years or less and males (8, 80%). At least six (60%) of the ten participants were found to have catatonia based on the BFCSI/BFCRS and DSM-5 criteria. The BFCRS (complete 23-item scale) had the greatest level of inter-rater agreement with an α=0.798, while the DSM-5 had the lowest level of inter-rater agreement with an α=0.565. The highest correlation coefficients were observed between the BFCRS and BFCSI. ConclusionThe BFCSI and BFCRS were found to be sensitive tools for screening for catatonia with high IRR and high correlation coefficients, while the DSM 5 showed some deficiencies in screening for catatonia with low IRR and lowest correlation with the other two tools.
Social Compliance During High Stringency Periods Efficiently Reduces COVID-19 Incidence: Evidence from Google Mobility Reports
Authors: Hansen Lasse Hyldig , Rasmussen Thomas Lykke , Villesen Palle 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is crucial to understand and learn as much as possible from the current global Sars-CoV-2 pandemic for the sake of future precautions. Apart from strong government restrictions such as complete lockdowns, curfews, and mask mandates, other factors influence viral transmission. Since June 2020, Denmark has had an extensive test and surveillance program and made data publicly available at the municipality level. Here we use these data and integrate publicly available data on government restrictions, weather data, and mobility data to model COVID-19 incidence in 98 Danish municipalities from September 2020 to February 2021. The inclusion of municipality heterogeneity, weather and mobility data increases the amount of variance explained by ~29% compared to a simpler model taking only incidence and restrictions into account. We found a strong and significant effect from temperature which interacts with government restrictions. Our results indicate that higher temperatures limit viral transmission when government restrictions are low, but that the temperature effect diminishes under stronger restrictions. This is most likely due to a change in human behavior rather than a biological effect. Likewise, we found that changes in residential mobility were significant factors that also interacted with restrictions. When restrictions were strong, we found that increased residential mobility resulted in decreased COVID-19 incidence, suggesting residential mobility as a proxy for compliance. Our results show the increased explanatory power of integrating different variables when modeling COVID-19 incidence. The weather seems to predict human behavior in a quite predictable way and mobility data could be used to measure current compliance with government restrictions.
Analysis of Phylogenetic Relationships in The Walnut Family Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences and Secondary Structures(ITS2)
Authors: Guo Zhongzhong , Jin Qiang , Zhao Zhenkun , Yu Wenjun , Li Gen , Cheng Yunjiang , Wu Cuiyun , Zhang rui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within the Juglandaceae family based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer's primary sequence and secondary structures (ITS2). Comparative analysis of 51 Juglandaceae species was performed across most of the defined seven genera. The results showed that the ITS2 secondary structure's folding pattern was highly conserved and congruent with the eukaryote model. Firstly, Neighbor-joining (N.J.) analysis recognized two subfamilies: Platycaryoideae and Engelhardioideae. The Platycaryoideae included the Platycaryeae (Platycarya+(Carya+ Annamocarya)) and Juglandeae (Juglans-(Cyclocarya + Pterocarya)). The Engelhardioideae composed the (Engelhardia+（Oreomunnea+Alfaroa)). The Rhoiptelea genus was generally regarded as an outgroup when inferring the phylogeny of Juglandaceae. However, it is clustered into the Juglandaceae family and showed a close relationship with the Platycaryoideae subfamily. Secondly, the folded 3-helices and 4-helices secondary structure of ITS2 were founded in the Juglandaceae family. Therefore, these ITS2 structures could be used as formal evidence to analyze Juglandaceae's phylogeny relationship. The morphology based on the secondary structure nicely coincided with previous investigations. This study further confirms that ITS2 can serve as a valid basis for parsing evolutionary relationships in higher woody fruit trees.
Rejuveinix Mitigates Sepsis-Associated Oxidative Stress in the Brain: Clinical Impact Potential in COVID-19 and Nervous System Disorders
Authors: Uckun Fatih M , Tuzcu Mehmet , Gitterle Marcus , Volk Michael , Sahin Kazim 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Here, we demonstrate that our anti-sepsis drug candidate Rejuveinix (RJX), at a dose level that is >10-times lower than its maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for human subjects, improves the survival outcome in the LPS-GalN model of sepsis and multi-organ failure. One hundred (100) percent (%) of untreated control mice remained alive throughout the experiment. By comparison, 100% of LPS-GalN injected mice died at a median of 4.6 hours. In contrast to the invariably fatal treatment outcome of vehicle-treated control mice, 40% of mice treated with RJX (n=25) remained alive with a 2.4-fold longer median time survival time of 10.9 hours (Log-rank X2=20.60, P<0.0001). Notably, RJX increased the tissue levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, and it reduced oxidative stress in the brain. These findings demonstrate the clinical impact potential of RJX as a neuroprotective COVID-19 and sepsis drug candidate, which is currently being evaluated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind Phase II multi-institutional US study in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 associated viral sepsis.
Mediation of the SPHK1/S1P Pathway Following Vitamin D Treatment of MS/EAE
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Yudi , Chen Hanlin , Luo Yijie , Wei Xinming , Yang Duxiao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that distributed in a wide variety of body tissues, especially inflammatory tissues. We observed that S1P plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of Multiple sclerosis (MS). Additionally, Vitamin D is observed to be a key determinant in the regulation of S1P. We monitored the effects of Vitamin D on Sphingosine kinase type 1 (SPHK1), an important synthetase associated with S1P. The associated results suggest a reduction in SPHK1 in the spinal cords of EAE rats whose diets supplement with Vitamin D. Many of the biological functions that are traditionally associated with Vitamin D is mediated through the Vitamin D receptor (VDR). Indeed, these interactions play a major role in the regulation of transcription of many target genes. As part of this analysis, we revealed the relationship between VDR and SPHK1. This is performed using over-expression experiments and observations relating to the interference effects of VDR on SPHK1. Our results verify that expression of the factor S1P, which is associated with EAE, is caused by alterations in SPHK1 levels. This relationship is regulated by VDR. Consequently, immune regulatory mechanisms associate with Vitamin D adjuvant therapy, used for the treatment of MS, may be involved in the regulation of SPHK1. This regulatory role may ultimately modulate the levels of S1P in cells. This report focuses on the relationship between SPHK-S1P and Vitamin D and provides a potentially novel approach for the treatment of MS.
MiR-29c-3p and MiR-223-3p Regulate the Proliferation and Drug Resistance of OSCC by Targeting ANGPTL4
Authors: Bian Lijuan , rui xi , Huang Zixian , Wang Yan , Huang Zhiquan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOral cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck. MicroRNA are reported to be involved in the regulation of posttranscriptional gene expression. The aim of this research is to determine the expression and function of ANGPTL4 in OSCC, and to explore whether miR-29C-3p and miR-223-3p targeting ANGPTL4 regulate the proliferation and cisplatin resistance of OSCC.MethodsA bioinformatics database was used to identify the expression of ANGPTL4 and miRNAs in tumors, and qPCR and WB were used to determine the protein and mRNA expression of ANGPTL4 and miRNA in tissues and cells. The proliferation of the cells was determined by the plate colony formation and CCK-8 assays, the drug resistance of the cells was determined by IC50 measurements, and a dual luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the regulation of miRNA on ANGPTL4. Independent sample t test was used for the parameters that followed a normal distribution, otherwise, non-parametric test was used. ResultsANGPTL4 expression was higher in the OSCC tissues than in the normal tissues. After knocking down ANGPTL4, the proliferation of OSCC cells decreased, and their sensitivity to cisplatin increased. A dual luciferase reporting assay showed that the fluorescence intensity of the WT group decreased after miR-29c-3p and miR-223-3p were overexpression, while that of the MUT group was almost unchanged. The overexpression of miR-29c-3p and miR-223-3p decreased the protein levels of ANGPTL4. In addition, the proliferation of OSCC cells decreased, and cell resistance to cisplatin was decreased.ConclusionmiR-29c-3p and miR-223-3p can regulate cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance in OSCC by targeting ANGPTL4.
Modulatory Effect of Peripheral Magnetic and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Cortical Excitability: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Yu Fengyun , Wang Weining , Liang Sijie , Li Ce , Tian Shan , Hu Ruiping , Wu Yi , Zhu Yulian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The present study was designed to investigate the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and peripheral magnetic stimulation (PMS) applied to the wrist extensor muscle on the cortical activity of healthy adults by using fNIRS. Methods: Fifteen healthy adult subjects (7 males, mean age: 27.13 ± 4.52 years) all received two different conditions of peripheral muscle stimulation in random order: (1) NMES and (2) PMS. The sessions were separated by at least 48 h as a washout period. During muscle stimulation, the motor evoked potential (MEP) of the left primary motor cortex (M1) was measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and the concentration of oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin detected by fNIRS were used to evaluate the excitability and the activity of the cortex. Results: After the stimulation of the wrist extensor, the MEP amplitude in the left M1 area did not change in both conditions, and there was no difference between NMES and PMS condition. NMES reduced HbO values of several channels in the Prefrontal cortex (PFC), Somatosensory motor cortex (SMC) and Occipital cortex (OC), and HbR valus of several channels in the PFC and SMC. During the PMS stimulation period, the HbO value of all brain areas did not change significantly, while the HbR value of the SMC area decreased. The HbO and HbR value of the channels in the SMC did not differ between NMES and PMS. Inter-region of interest and inter-channel analysis between NMES and PMS showed no difference in functional connectivity. Conclusions: In the case of wrist extensor muscle stimulation, both NMES and PMS can induce cortical activation. PMS targeted to increases the activity of the contralateral SMC, while NMES increased contralateral SMC activity and negatively activated the PFC and OC.
Incidental Chylous Ascites Associated With Internal Hernial After Bariatric Surgery. Case Series
Authors: Azorín Mª Carmen , Segura María Jesús , Gómez Matías , Fernández Isabel , Rodríguez Rodolfo , Frangi Andrés , Checa Félix 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bariatric surgery is of great importance due to the high incidence of morbid obesity. Techniques such as gastric bypass laparoscopic, tubular gastrectomy laparoscopic and other bariatric techniques with gastrointestinal anastomosis are used for its treatment. The incidence of internal hernias in the late postoperative period after bariatric surgery ranges from 0.4 to 8.8%. As a consequence, there may be obstruction of the lymphatic vessels. Although chylous ascites is a rare pathology in bariatric surgery, several cases have been reported in the literature. We present two cases of patients who presented as a late complication an internal hernia associated with chyloperitoneum.
The ICD-11 Field Trial: Creating a Large Dually Coded Database
Authors: Eastwood Cathy A , Southern Danielle A , Khair Shahreen , Doktorchik Chelsea , Ghali William A , Quan Hude 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveNew codes developed in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (ICD-11) needed testing. Field-testing involves real-world application of the new codes to examine data quality. This paper describes the field trial methods to create a dually coded database to field test ICD-11 against ICD-10-CA (a Canadian modification of the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision), and a reference standard data set of diagnoses. ResultsA random sample of discharge records previously coded using ICD-10-CA was selected. Nurses re-examined these entire charts for specific conditions and patient safety events. Clinical coders re-coded the same charts using ICD-11 codes. Inpatients discharged from hospitals in Calgary, Alberta, were identified and a dually coded database was created (n=2897). Inter-rater reliability and coding time improved with ICD-11 coding experience. Clinical coder comments enabled content to be improved in the ICD-11 browser, Coding Tool, and ICD-11 Reference Guide. This paper describes the field trial, database creation methods, and contributions for ICD-11 improvement. Crucial future research will use this database to test ICD-11 before implementation in Canada.
Feasibility of Engaging an Integrated Digital Network to Implement Guideline-Directed Exercise Recommendations and Patient Reported Outcomes for Adults With Heart Failure
Authors: Bosak Kelly , Abusalim Nadeen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveHeart failure (HF) is a chronic condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Exercise is safe and effective for preventing or slowing HF progression. Despite the benefits, implementation of guideline-directed exercise recommendations for adults with HF is lacking. The objective of this investigation was to assess the feasibility of an established integrated digital network to support a future larger implementation study to improve uptake of guideline-directed exercise recommendations for HF patients. ResultsA distributive query in REDCap was sent from the lead institution, completed, and returned by the information managers at each health system in the network. Descriptive analysis found ten (83%) of 12 sites responded to the initial query. Findings included adults, age ≥18 years with HF (ICD10: I50) since January 1, 2019 n=171,715 (range 4,279-36,856). Two sites (17%) reported PROMIS measures accessible in the electronic health record (EHR). Six (50%) reported PROMIS measures accessible outside the EHR. Four (33%) sites participated in the GWTG-HF registry. This pre-implementation investigation indicated that a future larger study is feasible with this digital network with a large population of HF patients. Feasibility of including patient reported outcomes in a future study may be improved with access to these measures in the EHR.
T-2 Toxin Induces Oxidative Stress at Low Doses Via ATF3∆Zip2a/2b-Mediated Ubiquitination and Degradation of Nrf2
Authors: Chen Xiaoxuan , Mu Peiqiang , Zhu Lang , Mao Xiaoxiao , Chen Shuang , Zhong Huali , Deng Yiqun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: T-2 toxin is mainly produced by Fusarium species, which is an extremely toxic mycotoxin to humans and animals. It is well known that T-2 toxin induces oxidative stress, but the molecular mechanism is still unknown. Results: In this study, we found that T-2 toxin significantly promoted ROS accumulation in MCF-7 cells at low doses which maintains cell viability at least 80%. Further analysis showed that T-2 toxin downregulated the expression of the master regulator of antioxidant defense gene, Nrf2, and its targeted antioxidant genes. Overexpression of Nrf2 or its target gene HO1 significantly blocked the ROS accumulation in MCF-7 cells under T-2 toxin treatment. Moreover, we found that T-2 toxin downregulated the antioxidant genes via inducing the expression of ATF3∆Zip2a/2b. Importantly, overexpression of ATF3∆Zip2a/2b promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2. Conclusions: This work demonstrated that T-2 toxin induced ROS accumulation via ATF3∆Zip2a/2b mediated ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2, which provided a new insight into the mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced oxidative stress.
Adaptive Neural Backstepping Control of Variable Stiffness Actuator
Authors: Xia Yu , Song Yankui , Wang Jiaxu , Li Junyang , Han Yanfeng , Ke Xiao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we provide a novel adaptive neural network backstepping control scheme for a special variable stiffness actuator (VSA) based on lever mechanisms with saturation inputs, output constraints and disturbances is presented here. In the controller designing, the prescribed performance-tangent barrier Lyapunov function (PP-TBLF) is introduced to ensure that both the prescribed performance bound of tracking error and the output constraints are not violated. In specific steps of backstepping control scheme, the Chebyshev neural network and the Nussbaum-type function are used to solve the unknown nonlinearities and unknown gain sign. Meanwhile, the inverse hyperbolic sine function tracking differentiator is exploited to solve the “explosion of complexity” caused by the differentiation of virtual inputs and also approximate the complex partial derivative caused by the auxiliary control signals. Finally, the stability of the whole scheme is proved by Lyapunov criterion and the simulation results are presented to illustrate the feasibility of the raised control strategy.
Landslide Displacement Prediction Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and MIC-GWO-LSTM Model
Authors: Zeng Taorui , Jiang Hongwei , Liu Qingli , Yin Kunlong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Landslide displacement prediction is essential to establish the early warning system (EWS). According to the dynamic characteristics of landslide evolution and the shortcomings of the traditional static prediction model, a dynamic prediction model of landslide displacement based on long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks was proposed. Meanwhile, the Variational modal decomposition (VMD) theory was used to decompose the cumulative displacement and triggering factors, which not only give clear physical meaning to each displacement subsequence, but also closely connect the rock and soil conditions with the influence of external factors. Besides, the maximum information coefficient (MIC) was used to sort the redundant features. The LSTM is a dynamic model that can remember historical information and apply it to the current output. The hyperparameters of the LSTM model was optimized by the Grey wolf optimizer (GWO), and the dynamic one-step prediction was carried out for each displacement. All the predicted values were superimposed to complete the displacement prediction based on the time series model. The Tangjiao landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area (TGRA), China, was taken as a case study. The displacement data of monitoring sites GPS06 had step-like characteristics. Measured data from March 2007 to December 2016 were selected for analysis. The results indicate that the root mean square error (RMSE) of the test set and validation set are 23.240 mm and 64.714 mm, respectively, and the coefficient of determination (R2) are 0.997 and 0.971, respectively. This model provides a new idea and exploration for the displacement prediction of step-like characteristics landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.