bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv2145c Promotes Intracellular Survival by STAT3 and IL-10 Receptor Signaling
Authors: Park Hye-Soo , Back Yong Woo , Jang In-Taek , Lee Kang-In , Son Yeo-Jin , Choi Han-Gyu , Dang Thi Binh , Kim Hwa-Jung 
Published: May 2021

Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an intracellular pathogen in phagocytic cells, the factors and mechanisms by which they invade and persist in host cells are still not well understood. Characterization of the bacterial proteins modulating macrophage function is essential for understanding tuberculosis pathogenesis and bacterial virulence. Here we investigated the pathogenic role of the Rv2145c protein in stimulating IL-10 production. We first found that recombinant Rv2145c stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to secrete IL-10, IL-6 and TNF-α but not IL-12p70 and to increase the expression of surface molecules through the MAPK, NF-κB, and TLR4 pathways and enhanced STAT3 activation and the expression of IL-10 receptor in Mtb-infected BMDMs. Rv2145c significantly enhanced intracellular Mtb growth in BMDMs compared with that in untreated cells, which was abrogated by STAT3 inhibition and IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) blockade. Expression of Rv2145c in Mycobacterium smegmatis (M. smegmatis) led to STAT3-dependent IL-10 production and enhancement of intracellular growth in BMDMs. Furthermore, the clearance of Rv2145c-expressing M. smegmatis in the lungs and spleens of mice was delayed, and these effects were abrogated by administration of anti-IL-10R antibodies. Finally, all mice infected with Rv2145c-expressing M. smegmatis died, but those infected with the vector control strain did not. Our data suggest that Rv2145c plays a role in creating a favorable environment for bacterial survival by modulating host signals.
Patients With Epilepsy Who Underwent Epilepsy Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic Showed Less Depressive Tendencies
Authors: Niimi Keiko , Fujimoto Ayataka , Sato Keishiro , Enoki Hideo , Okanishi Tohru 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Our hypothesis in this study was that differences might exist between patients with epilepsy (PWE) who underwent epilepsy surgery before and within the period of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study was to compare results of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) between PWE who underwent epilepsy surgery before and during the pandemic period.Methods: Participants were PWE who underwent open cranial epilepsy surgery between February 2019 and February 2021 in our hospital. Patients who underwent surgery in the first half of this period, between February 2019 and January 2020, were defined as the pre-pandemic period group (pre-Group) and those treated in the second half, between February 2020 and February 2021, were categorized as the pandemic period group (within-Group). All patients completed the SDS before surgery, and scores were compared between groups.Results: SDS score was significantly higher in the pre-Group than in the within-Group (p = 0.037). Other factors, including age (p = 0.51), sex (p = 0.558), epilepsy duration from onset to SDS score evaluation (p = 0.190), seizure frequency (p = 0.794), number of anti-seizure medications (p = 0.787), and intelligence quotient (p = 0.871) did not differ significantly between groups.Conclusion: SDS score was higher in the pre-pandemic group than in the within-pandemic group, which may indicate that PWE with less-positive outlooks may be less likely to seek medical attention during stressful periods.
Dietary Tomato Consumption and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Luo Jie , Ke Dandan , He Qingwei 
Published: May 2021

Objective:Several epidemiological studies have linked tomato products consumption with prostate cancer risk; however, the findings yielded inconsistent results. The aim of the present meta-analysis is to summary the evidence on this association based on eligible cohort studies.Materials and Methods:A comprehensive literature search of articles was performed in March 2021 using PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases. A random-effects model was used to calculate the combined relative risks (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity across studies was assessed using Cochran's Q statistic and theI2score.Results:A total of 10 prospective studies were finally included in our meta-analysis. There was no evidence of a significant association between tomato products consumption and prostate cancer risk (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.79–1.03,P= 0.138). Subgroup meta-analyses were performed by tomato types, geographical region, publication year, study quality and number of cases. No significant associations were observed in any subgroups (allP&gt; 0.05). No significant publication bias was observed using Begg's test (P= 0.602) or Egger's test (P= 0.957).Conclusion:The results of this meta-analysis indicated that tomato consumption was not related with the risk of prostate cancer. Further prospective large-scale cohort studies are still warranted to verify our findings.
Evaluation of Factors Impacting the Efficacy of Single or Combination Therapies of Valproic Acid, Carbamazepine, and Oxcarbazepine: A Longitudinal Observation Study
Authors: Peng Qilin , Ma Mubai , Gu Xurui , Hu Yani , Zhou Boting 
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aimed to determine the efficacy and clinical factors related to the pharmacodynamics of single or combination therapies of valproic acid (VPA), carbamazepine (CBZ), and oxcarbazepine (OXC), three commonly used anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in China.Methods: The study evaluated the records of 2027 outpatients in a Changsha hospital, located in China, from December 23, 2015 to October 28, 2019. The baseline seizure frequency was assessed during the first visit. AED efficacy was determined based on the reduction in seizures from baseline at the subsequent visits. Multivariable ordinal regression analysis was used to determine the association between the clinical factors (demographic characteristics, clinical features, and medication situation) and AED efficacy. For validation, the clinical efficacies of AEDs were compared as both single agents and in combinations. Differences in adverse effect (AEs) categories were analyzed by Chi-square between AED groups.Results: Records of patients receiving VPA, CBZ, and OXC were evaluated. Serum concentrations of VPA and CBZ is significantly correlated with efficacy (OR 1.030 [1.024–1.037], p &lt; 0 0.0001; OR 1.250 [1.146–1.63], p &lt; 0.0001, respectively) and OXC efficacy correlated to the serum concentration of the metabolite 10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxy-carbazepine (monohydroxy derivative, MHD) serum concentrations (OR 1.060 [1.031–1.089], p &lt; 0.0001). Significant differences existed between females and males in VPA efficacy (OR 1.318 [1.033–1.682], p = 0.027). After validation, VPA, in combination with OXC (OR 1.93 [1.38–2.70], p&lt;0.001), or with VGB (Vigabatrin) (OR 2.36 [1.38–2.70], p = 0.002), showed significantly better efficacy than as a single agent. OXC efficacy was also affected by the duration of epilepsy (OR 0.965 [0.946–0.984], p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, the efficacies of OXC and VPA were also affected by the seizure type. Seizure reduction improved significantly with an increasing number of pharmacists’ educations in the first three visits period. There were no differences in AEs incidence among these 3 AEDs except for Psychiatric (0.02) and nervous system disorders (0.0001).Conclusion: Serum concentrations of VPA and CBZ may positively affect their efficacies, while OXC efficacies are correlated to MHD serum concentrations. The efficacy of VPA was higher in females compared to males. VPA-OXC and VPA-VGB combinations had higher efficacies compared to monotherapy. Besides, OXC efficacy is probably reducing by the duration of epilepsy. Additionally, VPA efficacy for focal or generalized seizures is superior to mixed-type seizures. OXC was more effective for focal seizures compared to mixed-type ones. Education provided by pharmacists improved the seizures to some extent, and there were no significant differences between most categories of adverse effects for the investigated AEDs.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Nemonoxacin in a Neutropenic Murine Lung Infection Model Against Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Authors: Li Xin , Chen Yuancheng , Xu Xiaoyong , Li Yi , Fan Yaxin , Liu Xiaofen , Bian Xingchen , Wu Hailan , Zhao Xu , Feng Meiqing , Guo Beining , Zhang Jing 
Published: May 2021

Nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. We reported the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) targets and PK/PD breakpoints of nemonoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae using a neutropenic murine lung infection model. Single-dose PK analysis after subcutaneous administration of nemonoxacin at doses from 2.5 to 80 mg/kg showed maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) 0.56–7.32 mg/L, area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) 0.67–26.10 mg·h/L, and elimination half-life (T1/2) 0.8–1.4 h. The epithelial lining fluid (ELF) penetration ratio of total drug was 1.40. Dose fractionation (1.25–80 mg/kg/day, every 24, 12, 8, and 6 h) and dose escalation studies (1.25–160 mg/kg, every 24 h) were conducted. The sigmoid Emax Hill equation was used to describe the dose-response data. The free-drug plasma fAUC0-24/MIC ratio was considered the PK/PD index most closely associated with efficacy (R2 0.9268). Median fAUC0-24/MIC associated with static, 1-log10 and 2-log10 CFU reduction from baseline were 8.6, 23.2 and 44.4, respectively. Monte Carlo simulation showed 500 mg qd and 750 mg qd oral doses of nemonoxacin were able to achieve 90% probability of target attainment (PTA) against bacteria with MIC of 0.5 mg/L and 1 mg/L. We recommended susceptibility (S) ≤ 0.5 mg/L, intermediate (I) = 1 mg/L and resistant (R) ≥ 2 mg/L as the PK/PD breakpoints for nemonoxacin against S. pneumoniae.
APPLICATION OF DISCOVERY LEARNING MODELS TO LIGHT MATERIALS TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Uskenat Kristina , Adelia Kadek A.C 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to describe the results of the application of the discovery learning model on the subject matter of light in class VIIIC students of SMP Negeri 8 Kupang even semester of the 2019/2020 academic year. This research is descriptive. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 8 Kupang for the 2019/2020 school year. The subjects in this study were researchers and 22 students of class VIIIC at SMP Negeri 8 Kupang, even semester, 2019/2020 academic year. The techniques used to collect data in this study are observation and tests. Based on the results of the descriptive analysis of the research data, it shows that in general, the application of the discovery learning model for the subject matter of light for students is optimal. In detail, the researcher's ability to manage to learn is obtained which includes: planning, implementing, and evaluating learning, including in the good category. The learning outcomes test (THB) of students for cognitive learning outcomes tests on learning implementation activities which include: preliminary activities, core activities, closing activities, time allocation, and class atmosphere are all in the very high category and cognitive achievement for each lesson plan is all complete.
ESTIMASI BOBOT PARAMETER M PADA FUZZY C-MEANS MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS ROBUST DENGAN SIMULASI DATA SPASIAL
Authors: Tambuwun Clinton Heskia , Langi Yohanes A R , Rindengan Altien J 
Published: May 2021

Bobot parameter m yang biasa disebut fuzzifier dapat mempengaruhi performa dari fuzzy c-means (FCM). Pedoman-pedoman baru untuk memilih parameter m telah di sarankan dengan nilai dari m disarankan pada serta . Sehingga akan diestimasi nilai m lainnya dengan data berbeda dan diaplikasikan pada data spasial. Hasil penelitian ini nilai parameter m pada data numerik dan nilai parameter m pada data spasial .
Pengaruh Kompetensi, Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Motivasi Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada STMIK Rosma Karawang
Authors: Rostiani Yeny 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh bukti-bukti empirik dan menemukan kejelasanfenomena serta kesimpulan tentang pengaruh kompetensi dan kompensasi terhadap motivasi sertadampaknya pada kinerja karyawan di STMIK Rosma Karawang.Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan verifikatif, yaitu;mengumpulkan, menyajikan, menganalisis dan melakukan pengujian hipotesis, serta membuat kesimpulandan saran. Penelitian ini juga bermaksud memberikan rekomendasi bagaiman meningkatkan kinerjakaryawan di STMIK Rosma Karawang. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuisioner terhadap 75orang, selain kuisioner data juga dikumpulkan melalui wawancara singkat. Pengukuran keandalan butirpertanyaan dengan sekali menyebarkan kuisioner pada responden, kemudian hasil skornya diukurkorelasinya antara skor jawaban pada butir pertanyaan yang sama dengan bantuan komputer StatisticalProduct and Service Solution (SPSS), dengan fasilitas cronbach alpa (a), suatu variabel dikatakann reliabeljika memberikan nilai cronbach alpa > 0,60. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa secara simultanKompetensi dan kompensasi berpengaruh terhadap motivasi. pengaruh kompensasi lebih besar terhadapmotivasi daripada pengaruh kompetensi terhadap motivasi. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengaruhkompensasi lebih dominan daripada pengaruh kompetensi terhadap motivasi.
Analisis Kesiapan Penggunaan Sistem Otomatisasi Proses Skripsi (SOTOPROPSI) Dengan Menggunakan Metode TAM
Authors: Agreindra Helmiawan Muhammad , Supriadi Fidi , Mahardika Fathoni 
Published: May 2021

Abstraksi
Pada saat ini perkembangan teknologi membuat pengguna semakin membutuhkan teknologikhususnya bagi organisasi, perusahaan, serta perorangan untuk mendapatkan kemudahan, kecepatandan ketetapan dalam mengolah dan memperoleh data atau informasi. Perubahan teknologi informasidapat memberikan kemudahan akses segala hal informasi secara online yang tentunya canggih danterkomputerisasi. STMIK sumedang merupakan salah satu instansi pendidikan yang mengutamakandalam bidang pendidikan teknologi informasi sebagai suatu keunggulannya dengan di terapkannyasuatu sistem informasi yaitu Sistem Otomatisasi Proses Skripsi (SOTOPROPSI). Metode yangdigunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Technology Acceptence Model (TAM) dikembangkan olehDavis pada tahun 1985 untuk menjelaskan dan memprediksi penggunaan dari suatu sistem. Tujuanmodel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang persepsi pengguna terhadap manfaat dan kemudahandalam penggunaan teknologi informasi itu sendiri. Mengetahui seberapa manfaat Sistem OtomatisasiProses Skripsi (SOTOPROPSI) bagi mahasiswa STMIK Sumedang khususnya Mahasiswa tingkatakhir yang mengambil skripsi atau tugas akhir. Memberikan persentase dari persepsi kemudahan danmanfaat terhadap sistem bagi pengguna, serta memberikan rekomendasi agar sistem lebih bergunauntuk semua aktivitas dan pengguna khususnya untuk mahasiswa.
What is it to be the people of God in the Ancient Near East? A recension of SandyJo Rogers’ PhD thesis „A Fresh Start Comes from God: Theological, Historical, and Sociological Background of the Clean-Slate Acts of Leviticus 25 and Deuteronomy 15“
Authors: Bonnaire Anne-Coralie 
Published: May 2021

Review of SandyJo Rogers’ PhD thesis „A Fresh Start Comes from God: Theological, Historical, and Sociological Background of the Clean-Slate Acts of Leviticus 25 and Deuteronomy 15“
Methylphenidate-induced psychosis in a young antipsychotic-naïve female patient
Authors: Walichniewicz Patryk , Lew-Starowicz Michał 
Published: May 2021

Methylphenidate (MPD) is commonly prescribed for patients with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although used off-label, MPD forms part of complex and multifactorial treatment regimen for narcolepsy and hypersomnia, together with including behavioural interventions. The drug is sometimes also prescribed off-label to subjects with other mental illness or somatic condition to improve intellectual outcome, ease fatigue or enhance the ability to concentrate. Common side effects include headache, insomnia, decreased appetite and hypertension. Concurrently, clinicians should be aware of relatively rare but potentially threatening adverse effects including agitation and psychotic symptoms. Several case reports regarding MPD-induced psychosis have been published, but most of them regard children or teenagers (1) and much less is known about drug-induced psychosis in adults (2). In this article, we present a case report of MPD-induced psychosis in a 31-year-old, antipsychotic-naïve patient. Careful evaluation including clinical examination, medical and family history and possible early signs of psychosis is recommended each time before MPD treatment will be initiated.
ROLE OF STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN THE FUNCTIONAL ASSESSEMENT OF PROSTHETIC MITRAL VALVE
Authors: Dr.P.S.CHAKKARAVARTHI  
Published: May 2021

Objective: To assess the resting echo profile of patients with prosthetic mitral valve and monitor the function of the prosthetic valves by doing stress echocardiography by treadmill exercise and dobutamine infusion.
Methods: An open-labeled prospective randomized comparative study was conducted in 30 patients at Madras Medical College and Hospital, Chennai- 600 003, Tamil Nadu. Patients, who have been done mitral valve replacement, were selected randomly to undergo the stress echocardiography. 14 male and 16 female patients were included and evaluated on the basis of Echocardiographic examination, Exercise studies, Dobutamine stress echocardiography & Estimation of LV outflow.
Results: Upon comparison, the patient's heart rate were increased from rest to exercise by a mean of 24 ±12.5 beats per minute. The paired t-test showed a significant correlation with an increase in the dobutamine group (P <0.001). With respect to peak gradients, it was increased between the two stress protocols was statistically significant (P <0.001). The mean gradient obtained at rest and with exercise and dobutamine stress also showed a similar pattern of increase as seen in the peak gradient. Moreover, the net difference in the Pulmonary artery pressure achieved with both stress protocols was 5.563±4.6mmHg more in the exercise protocol which was statistically significant (P <0.001).
Conclusion: The study reveals Dobutamine produces a greater augmentation in the effective mitral orifice area when compared to exercise. Similarly, the exercise protocol produces a much higher increase in the pressure gradients when compared with dobutamine.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Transfero-somes Nano Gel Loaded with Levocetirizine Transfero-somes
Authors: Bharath Mounika S , Rane Bhushan R , Jain Ashish S 
Published: May 2021

A new drug delivery technology called transferosomes were came into existence which is an artificial vesicle designed to show the characteristics of a cell vesicle suitable for controlled and potentially directed drug delivery. Transferosome is a highly flexible and stress- responsive compound, complex compound and highly deformed vesicle with an aqueous core surrounded by the complex lipid bilayer thus enabling it to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug. Urticaria is a general condition distinguished as brief erythematous and oedematous plaques or papules with defined erythematous borders and central clearing, identified as hives/wheals. Levocetirizine which is used for the treatment is a H1 anti histamine that is actively used in treatment of urticaria. The aim of the present research work was to investigate the potential of transferosome formulations for transdermal delivery of levocetirizine. The transferosomes were formulated by lipid film hydration technique using Rotary vacuum Evaporator. In the present work levocetirizine vesicle was efficaciously formulated using an appropriate ratio of tween 80 and soya lecithin and was incorporated into gel since gel formulations are easy to administer and patient compliance. Levocetirizine transferosomes was evaluated for vesicle characteristicslike zeta potential, poly-dispersibility index, TEM, and stability study. Theaverage sizes of transferosome were found to be 566.6nm and poly dispersity index (PI) was found to be 0.532, zeta potential of the transferosome was found to be -2.3 mV which indicates that transferosome formulation is stable. Levocetirizine gel was prepared by using various concentrations of Carbopol 934 and is evaluated for their gel characteristics like pH, viscosity, Spreadability, extrudability, homogeneity, drug content, diffusion etc. Gel containing 2% Carbopol show best and promising results. Levocetirizine transferosomal gel were efficaciously formulated by utilizing levocetirizine transferosome which was prepared by thin film hydration method by using soya lecithin and tween 80 in the ratio 85:15. Other Oral formulation used in treatment for urticaria have disadvantage like poor bioavailability, 1st pass metabolism, patient non-compliance etc. Transferosome nano gel loaded with levocetirizine transferosome was found to be more effective than other oral formulations used in treatment for urticaria since transferosome are capable of passing through lipid layer and delivering drug into systemic circulation with maximum bioavailability.
Mechanism Underlying the Inhibitory Effect of Bio-synthesized Silver Nanoparticle on TNF-α induced NF- κB Nuclear Translocation in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: K Rajathi , K.B Leneeygreen , S Suja 
Published: May 2021

Apoptosis, a physiological mechanism of highly orchestrated cell death, can be initiated by extracellular and intracellular mechanisms that trigger a complex machinery of proapoptotic proteases and mitochondrial changes, leading to the activation of specific endonucleases and DNA fragmentation. The present study was undertaken to elucidate a mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of biosynthesised silver nanoparticle on TNF-α induced NF-κB nuclear translocation in prostate cancer PC- 3 cells. The cell cycle analysis of Prostate cancer PC-3 cells was examined by flow cytometry by using annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Effect of silver nanoparticles in oxidative stress ROS, Effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticle on apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell line and apoptotic induction of TNF-α and NF-κB expression was studied by Flow cytometry in Prostate cancer PC-3 cell line. From the results it was observed that biosynthesized silver nanoparticle inhibits the cellular growth of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells and induces apoptosis. The ROS levels generated in response to silver nanoparticles were significantly higher in treated PC-3 cells than the control. The result indicates that cell death is mediated by ROS production, which might alter the cellular redox status, and it is a potential reason for cell death. Apoptosis of the silver nanoparticle treated PC-3 cells was accompanied by a reduction in the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and an increase in the percentage of G2/M phase cells, indicating cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and transcription factor NF-κB plays an essential role in inflammation and cancer. The activation of NF-κB in response to inflammatory cytokine such as TNF-α promotes nuclear migration to enable DNA-binding activity and facilitate target genes expression.