bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
99mTc-Galacto-RGD2 Integrin αvβ3 Targeted Imaging as a Surrogate for Molecular Phenotyping in Lung Cancer: Prospective Study in the Real World
Authors: Fu Jingjing , Xie Yan , Fu Tong , Qiu Fan , Yu Fei , Qu Wei , Yao Xiaochen , Zhang Aiping , Yang Zhenhua , Shao Guoqiang , Meng Qingle , Shi Xiumin , Huang Yue , Wang Feng , Gu Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are beneficial in patients with lung cancer. We explored the clinical value of 99mTc-Galacto-RGD2 single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in patients with lung cancer, Integrin αvβ3 expression, and neovascularization in lung cancer subtypes was also addressed. Methods: A total of 185 patients with lung cancer and 25 patients with benign lung diseases were enrolled in this prostective study from January 2013 to December 2016. All patients underwent 99mTc-Galacto-RGD2 imaging. The region of interest was drawn around each primary lesion, and tumour uptake of 99mTc-Galacto-RGD2 was measured as the tumour/normal tissue ratio（T/N）. The diagnostic efficacy was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Tumour tissues were obtained from 66 patients with malignant diseases and seven with benign disease. Tumour expression levels of αvβ3, CD31, Ki-67, and CXCR4 were analysed to determine their value for phenotyping and metastasis potential evaluation. Results: The lung cancer patients included 22 cases of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 48 squamous cell carcinoma (LSC), 97 adenocarcinoma (LAC), and 18 other types of lung cancer. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 99mTc-Galacto-RGD2 SPECT/CT using a cut-off value of 2.5 were 91.89 %, 48.0 %, and 86.67 %, respectively. Integrin αvβ3 expression was higher in non-SCLC compared with SCLC, while LSC showed denser neovascularization and higher integrin αvβ3 expression. Integrin αvβ3 expression levels were significantly higher in advanced (Ⅲ, Ⅳ) than early stages (Ⅰ, Ⅱ). However, there was no significant correlation between tumour uptake and αvβ3 expression. Conclusion: 99mTc-Galacto-RGD2 SPECT/CT has high sensitivity but limited specificity for detecting primary lung cancer. RGD imaging may help evaluate the biological behaviour and phenotyping, and thus aid management in lung cancer.
Relationship between CDH23 gene and risk of noise-induced hearing loss
Authors: Jiao Jie , Yu Shanfa , Gu Guizhen , Chen Guoshun , Zhang Huanling , Zheng Yuxin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between CDH23 gene and the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).Methods: This was a case-control study. Noise-exposed workers worked in a steel factory in North China was recruited and been divided into two groups: the case group (BHFTA ≥40 dB) and the control group (BHFTA<25 dB). We analyzed the association among 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CDH23 and NIHL risk using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the main effects of SNPs and the interactions between CNE and SNPs adjusting cumulative noise exposure (CNE), smoking, drinking, physical exercise and hypertension. Results: In this study, 776 subjects of period I and 1117 subjects of period I+II were recruited. The results showed that subjects who carried the AA genotype of rs3802711possessed significantly increased risk of NIHL than those carrying GG (OR: 2.71; 95% CI:1.15, 6.39) and GA+GG (OR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.09, 6.00) in period I, respectively. For rs11592462, subjects carrying the GG genotype showed a significantly increased risk of NIHL compared with the subjects. Significant relationships were showed between rs10999947, rs3802711, rs10762480, rs3752751, rs3752752, rs3747867, and rs11592462 for NIHL overall and various CNE strata. There was no significant association between the rs1227049 - rs3752752 - rs10999947 - rs3752751 - rs10762480 - rs3802711 - rs11592462 - rs4747195 - rs4747194 - rs10466026 haplotypes and NIHL risk. Conclusions: The genetic variation in the CDH23 gene might play an important role in determining individual susceptibility to NIHL.
Distributed Robust Tracking Control for Multiple Euler–lagrange Systems With Full-state Constraints and Input Saturation via Event-triggered Control
Authors: liu Haitao , Du Guangshuo , Tian Xuehong , Zou Lanping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the issue of distributed tracking control is studied for multiple Euler–Lagrange systems in presence of external disturbances and input saturation. Specifically, the full-state constraints, input saturation, communication delay, and unmeasured velocity are also considered simultaneously. Firstly, an adaptive distributed state observer is introduced to obtain the leader's time-varying position information, at the same time, a delay function is employed to compensate the communication delay. Moreover, the event-triggered control scheme is developed to reduce communication source and computation load, and the anti-saturation compensation algorithm is exploited to compensate for the influence of system saturation. Thirdly, an adaptive law is designed to offset external disturbances. What’s more, the high-gain observer is used to estimate the unmeasured velocities. Theorem analysis shows that the system errors can converge to zero. Finally, numerical simulations are present to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Cosmetic potential of boiled water of Hijiki (Sargassum fusiforme) grown in the ocean in Okinawa, Japan
Authors: Takashi Hanagasaki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Okinawa has most beautiful ocean that attracts tourists and it was recorded over 10 million foreign tourists visited Okinawa in 2018. The ocean surrounding Okinawa has various species of marine algae that could be raw material for cosmetic products because it has high concentration of phenolic compounds contributing antioxidant activity. There is an urgent need to create Okinawa’s unique brands for cosmetic products using marine algae grown in the ocean of Okinawa. Some of marine algae including popular seaweed food, Mozuku (Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida) and Hijiki (Sargassum fusiforme), had high oxygen radical absorbance capacity and tyrosinase inhibition. In the food processing of Hijiki, there is a boiling step needed. And this Hijiki liquor is wasted 15 tons per year. To take advantage of this residue, development of cosmetic products derived from Hijiki liquor should be required. Hijiki liquor had the effect of decreasing melanin pigmentation and no cytotoxicity in a three-dimensional human skin model. Therefore, there is a high possibility that Hijiki liquor is a great material for cosmetic products.
Mimical Reconstruction and Aesthetic Repair of the Nail After Resection of Subungual Melanocytic Nevus
Authors: Li Xiucun , Cao Songhua , Li Zhengxun , Zhang Ning , Hu Yong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown about 25% - 33% of cutaneous melanomas result from melanocytic nevi. Currently, there are no consensus on treatment of the subungual melanocytic nevi with the pigmented band width > 3mm. However, some options change post-operative nail appearance and cannot obtain a well aesthetic outcome. The purpose of this study is to report the outcomes of mimical reconstruction and aesthetic repair of the nail.Methods: When the width of the pigmented bands was more than 1/2 of the whole nail width, the mimical reconstruction of the nail, the lateral toe pulp island flap covered the wound via the subcutaneous channel, was performed. If the width of the pigmented bands ranged from 1/4 to 2/5 of the entire nail, the aesthetic repair of the nail, the split-thickness excision under microscope, would be carried out.Results: The average age at the time of surgery was 14.5 years. The lesions were located at the toes in 5 patients and fingers in 3 patients. No complications occurred postoperatively. In 5 patients with the mimical reconstruction of the nail, all of toenail showed well-settled flap. In three patients with the aesthetic repair of the nail, there was no nail malnutrition or deformity, and all nails have an aesthetic appearance.Conclusions: Mimical reconstruction and aesthetic repair of the nail following resection of subungual melanocytic nevus is a reliable and feasible. It seems to be satisfactory that “like tissue” repairs the complex nail defects. All patients obtain an excellent aesthetic outcome.
A One Health Approach to Simple Liquid Sample Handling for Respiratory Based -Omics Analysis; Tracheal Wash and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Authors: Karagianni Anna E. , Eaton Samantha L. , Kurian Dominic , Cillán-Garcia Eugenio , Twynam-Perkins Jonathan , Raper Anna , Wishart Thomas M. , Pirie Scott R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Airway inflammation is highly prevalent in horses, with the majority of non-infectious cases being defined as equine asthma. Currently, cytological analysis of airway derived samples is the principal method of assessing lower airway inflammation. Samples can be obtained by tracheal wash (TW) or by lavage of the lower respiratory tract (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; BALF). Although BALF cytology carries significant diagnostic advantages over TW cytology, sample acquisition is invasive, making it prohibitive for routine and sequential-screening of airway health. The aim of this study was to establish a robust protocol to isolate macrophages, protein and RNA for molecular characterisation of TW samples and demonstrate the applicability of sample handling to rodent and human pediatric bronchoalveolar lavage fluid isolates. TW samples provided a good quality and yield of both RNA and protein for downstream transcriptomic/proteomic analyses. The sample handling methodologies were successfully applicable to BALF for rodent and human research. TW samples represent a rich source of airway cells, and molecular analysis to facilitate and study airway inflammation, based on both transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. This study provides a necessary methodological platform for future transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies on equine lower respiratory tract secretions and BALF samples from humans and mice.
Gene Expression Assay: A New Panel for Early Metastatic Risk Estimation for Breast Cancer
Authors: Agraz Melih , Agyuz Umut , Welch E. Celeste , Yasin Kaymaz , Birol Kuyumcu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Metastasis is one of the most challenging problems in cancer diagnosis and treatment, as its causes have not been yet well characterized. Prediction of the metastatic status of breast cancer is important in cancer research because it has the potential to save lives. However, the systems biology behind metastasis is complex and driven by a variety of factors beyond those that have already been characterized for various cancer types. Furthermore, prediction of cancer metastasis is a challenging task due to the variation in parameters and conditions specific to individual patients and mutation of the sub-types. Results In this paper, we apply tree-based machine learning algorithms for gene expression data analysis in the estimation of metastatic potentials within a group of 490 breast cancer patients. Hence, we utilize tree-based machine learning algorithms, decision trees, gradient boosting, and extremely randomized trees to assess the variable importance.Conclusions We obtained highly accurate values from all three algorithms, we observed the highest accuracy from the Gradient Boost method which is 0.8901. Finally, we were able to determine the 10 most important genetic variables used in the boosted algorithms, as well as their respective importance scores and biological importance. Common important genes for our algorithms are found as CD8, PB1, THP-1. CD8, also known as CD8A is a receptor for the TCR, or T-cell receptor, which facilitates cytotoxic T-cell activity and its association with cancer is defined in the paper. PB1, PBRM1 or polybromo 1 is a tumor suppressor gene. THP-1 or GLI2 is a zinc finger protein referred to as ”Glioma-Associated Oncogene Family Zinc Finger 2”. This gene encodes a protein for the zinc finger, which binds DNA and mediate Sonic hedgehog signaling (SHH). Disruption in the SHH pathway have long been associated with cancer and cellular proliferation.
Fear Emotion Decelerates Outcomes of Climate Change Education
Authors: Chen Jin , Wang Xueqi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Emotion mediating educational outcomes has been recognized for decades. However, empirical experiments to test these predictions, particularly for climate change education, which is often mixed with various emotions, are rare. In this study, we conducted a two-week climate change education program with specific video clips designed to induce fear or hope in students to explore how emotions affect educational outcomes. The study involved 1,730 students from nine middle schools in three coastal cities (Xiamen, Shenzhen, and Ningbo) in China. The results demonstrated that emotional video clips are a successful stimulus for the target emotion. In the hope treatment group, emotion did not significantly affect the educational outcomes, as indicated by the limited change in students’ climate change involvement, self-efficiency, and mitigation behavior. However, in the fear treatment group, emotion significantly decelerated students’ change in mitigation behavior compared to the lecture-only group. These decelerated behaviors are mostly located at the behavior change of low carbon life. Based on the mediation analysis, both the hope group and lecture-only group had direct effects on climate change mitigation behavior, while the fear group only had an indirect effect on climate change behavior, mediated primarily by climate change involvement. The study thus highlighted that both negative and positive emotions should not indiscriminately used in climate change education programs to safeguard significant educational outcomes.
Development of Genomic Resources From Crossostephium Chinense (Asteraceae) Based on Genome Skimming Data
Authors: Liu Luxian , Low Shook Ling , Feng Yu , Ge Binjie , Konowalik Kamil , Li Pan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Crossostephium chinense is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb and it is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. Previous studies on this species mainly focused on its chemical composition and it was represented rarely and marginally in genetic studies, which limited knowledge about its genetic background, and thus genomic resources remain scarce. To develop both chloroplast and nuclear polymorphic microsatellites for C. chinense, potential microsatellites were screened from genome skimming data of two individuals of C. chinense. Sixty-four and 63 cpSSR markers were identified from two chloroplast genomes of C. chinense. This study performed for the first-ever study on employment of genome skimming data and CandiSSR, consequently a total of 133 polymorphic nSSRs were developed. Ten nSSRs were randomly selected to test their transferability across 35 individuals from three populations of C. chinense, and 20 individuals each of Artemisia stolonifera and A. argyi. Cross-amplifications were successful done for C. chinense, and were partially successful amplified for both Artemisia species. The number of alleles varied from two to nine. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.000 to 0.286 and from 0.029 to 0.755, respectively. These genomic resources will be valuable for population genetics and conservation studies in C. chinense and Artemisia.
Multi-Objective Decision Making Approach based Load Balanced Clustering in WSNs to Increase The Lifetime of Network
Authors: Lekhraj  , Kumar Alok , Kumar Anoj 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A network of wireless sensors (WSN) is an outstanding technology that can aid in the various applications. Batteries run the sensor nodes those are used in WSN. The battery is impossible to charge or repair, so the most valuable resource for wireless sensor networks is power. Over the years, several strategies have been invented and used to preserve this precious WSN resource. One of the most successful approach for this purpose has turned out to be clustering. The aim of this paper is to suggest an effective technique for choosing cluster heads in WSNs to increase the lifetime of the network. To accomplish this task, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) technique has been used. The general GWO was updated in this paper to meet the particular purpose of cluster head selection in WSNs. In this article, we have considered eleven attributes in the fitness function for the proposed algorithm. The simulation is carried out under different conditions. The results obtained show that the proposed protocol is superior in terms of energy consumption and network lifetime by evaluating the proposed protocol (i.e. CH-GWO protocol) with some well-existing cluster protocols. The suggested protocol forms energy-efficient and scalable clusters.
A Novel Approach for IoT Tasks Offloading in Edge-Cloud Environments
Authors: Almutairi Jaber , Aldossary Mohammad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recently, the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices connected to the Internet has increased dramatically as well as the data produced by these devices. This would require offloading IoT task to release heavy computation and storage to the resource-rich nodes such as Edge Computing and Cloud Computing. Although Edge Computing is a promising enabler for latency-sensitive related issues, its deployment produces new challenges. Besides, different service architectures and offloading strategies have a different impact on the service time performance of IoT applications. Therefore, this paper presents a novel approach for task offloading in an Edge-Cloud system in order to minimize the overall service time for latency-sensitive applications. This approach adopts the fuzzy logic algorithms, considering application characteristics (e.g., CPU demand, network demand and delay sensitivity) as well as resource utilization and resource heterogeneity. A number of simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed approach with other related approaches, where it was found to improve the overall service time for latency-sensitive applications and utilize the edge-cloud resources effectively. Also, the results show that different offloading decisions within the Edge-Cloud system can lead to various service time due to the computational resources and communications types.
Bradycardia in Accidental Severe Hypothermia in a Newborn: Treat or Don’t Touch? A case report
Authors: Kuonen Astrid , Riva Thomas , Erdoes Gabor 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHypothermia significantly affects mortality and morbidity of newborns. Literature about severe accidental hypothermia in neonates is limited. We present a case of a neonate suffering from severe accidental hypothermia. An understanding of the physiology of neonatal thermoregulation and hypothermia is important to decide on treatment.Case presentationWe report a case of severe accidental hypothermia (rectal temperature 25.7°C) in a hypothropic newborn due to prolonged exposure to low ambient temperature. The newborn presented bradycardic, bradypneic, lethargic, pale and cold. Bradycardia, bradypnea and consciousness were interpreted in the context of the measured body temperature. Therefore, no reanimation or intubation was initiated. The newborn was closely monitored and successfully treated only with active and passive rewarming. ConclusionClinical parameters such as heart frequency, blood pressure, respiration and consciousness must be interpreted in light of the measured body temperature. Medical treatment should be adapted to the clinical presentation. External rewarming can be a safe and effective measure in neonatal patients.
GIS Approach for Novel Corona Virus in Northern State of India Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: meer Mohammad suhail , Mishra Anoop Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Novel Corona Virus “COVID 19” has affected worldwide. At initial stage the way out to curb the deadly virus was lockdown, isolating the symptomatic people, quarantining travellers and educate the people about the Corona virus so that precautionary measures are followed by people. local admistration has played vital role for highlighting the red zone areas and restricted the entry for people from outside to red zone areas in order to stop the infection from human to human transmission. The present research focus on application of Geographic Information System on mapping the Corona Virus cases in Jammu and Kashmir .The research attributes the role of dense Population and Urbanization are responsible for increasing the corona virus cases in the area. The districts like Srinagar and Jammu with high population and urbanization (census 2011) attributes high number of Corona cases in year 2020.The research experience that the Srinagar and Jammu attributes high population of 1236830 and 1529958 respectively than other districts of Jammu and Kashmir. This high population experiences highest number of Corona cases(Jammu 23339,Srinagar 24996), Deaths(Jammu 350,Srinagar 444) and COVID-19 recoveries(Jammu 22141,Srinagar 23957). The highly urbanised and populated area exposes the area towards infection. The high number of Corona Case experience heart related issues. The number of heart attacks in the state Jammu and Kashmir is rising which is alarming issue. This study will serve as replica study for managing COVID-19 in Jammu and Kashmir. The remote sensing and GIS was used to map the infected area and will be used for the future study in order to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on life.
Compensation Process and Generation of Chirped Femtosecond Solitons and Double-kink Solitons in Bose-Einstein Condensates with Time-dependent Atomic Scattering Length in a Time-varying Complex Potential
Authors: Kengne Emmanuel , Lakhssassi Ahmed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We consider the one-dimensional (1D) cubic-quintic Gross--Pitaevskii (GP)nequation, which governs the dynamics of Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC) matter waves with time-varying scattering length and loss/gain of atoms in a harmonic trapping potential. We derive the integrability conditions and the compensation condition for the 1D GP equation and obtain, with the help of a cubic-quintic nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger (NLS) equation with self-steepening and self-frequency shift, exact analytical solitonlike solutions with the corresponding frequency chirp which describe the dynamics of femtosecond solitons and double-kink solitons propagating on a vanishing background. Our investigation shows that under the compensation condition, the matter wave solitons maintain a constant amplitude, the amplitude of the frequency chirp depends on the scattering length, while the motion of both the matter wave solitons and the corresponding chirp depend on the external trapping potential. More interesting, the frequency chirps are localized and their feature depends on the sign of the self-steepening parameter. Our study also shows that our exact solutions can be used to describe the compression of matter wave solitons when the absolute value of the s-wave scattering length increases with time.