bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Qigong Intervention Based On Internet On Quality of Life And Physical Fitness In Chinese Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients: A Protocol of Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yu Lina , Dong xiaosheng , Yuan kai , Yi Xiangren , Shen Yuanlong , Ding Meng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to verify the improvement of remote qigong intervention on the quality of life and physical fitness of breast cancer patients after surgery by means of a randomized controlled trial, and to compare it with the conventional exercise combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training.Methods/design: The research approach applied in this study is a randomized controlled trial. After completing the baseline questionnaire and physical fitness test, participants were randomly assigned to either the qigong group or the combined exercise rehabilitation group. Patients in the qigong group performed Qigong-Baduanjin twice a week for 30 minutes each time under remote guidance and practiced Baduanjin by themselves at other times. Patients in the combined exercise rehabilitation group were given resistance training twice a week for 30 minutes under remote guidance, and walking the rest of the time. At the end of the 12-week intervention, outcomes testing and data collection were carried out. The primary outcomes are quality of life, measured using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FATC-B). The secondary outcomes include cardiopulmonary endurance, upper limb strength, lower limb strength and skinfold thickness.Discussion: The importance of postoperative exercise rehabilitation for breast cancer has been gradually accepted by more and more doctors and patients, but further research and development of simple and practical means of exercise rehabilitation are necessary. Remote qigong intervention for breast cancer patients via the Internet will be a great alternative.Trial registration: chictr, ChiCTR1900027989 December 7, 2,http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx
A reliability test for its efficacy in Smartphone application for Computing joint range of motion: A Research Protocol
Authors: Dhage Prasad , Naqvi Waqar M. , Arora Sakshi P. , Kulkarni Chaitanya A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction: "Goniometry" is derived from two Greek words: Gonia, which means "angle," and Metron, which means "measure." The focus of the research is to see if a smartphone-based goniometer application for knee flexion range of motion was reliable. The technology of smartphones is one of the most often used alternatives. A literature evaluation of 12 studies showed that smartphone applications are sufficiently trustworthy to be employed in research and clinical practice. As ROM angulation is widely employed in treatment policy decisions, new measures have to be thoroughly tested before use in clinical practice. The study design used will be an observational study. The participants will be recruited using a simple random sampling method. The total number of participants will be 100 in the age group between 20-60. With Universal Goniometer and Goniometer records, three certified physiotherapists measured maximum active knee flexion in a supine position. Data will be collected and analyzed using SPSS (version: 20) and the Bland Altman Test.Discussion: The goal of this observational study is to examine the reliability of smartphone applications for computing knee joint range of motion.Conclusion: To conclude, this research seeks to examine the reliability of smartphone applications for computing knee joint range of motion in a healthy population. The study findings would help in developing a novel approach for computing and documenting the knee range of motion.
Standardized Mortality Analysis of Military Firefighters From 2000-2016 In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Mannarino Rosanna Vilardo , Monteiro Gina Torres Rego 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Backgrounds: A military fireman’s profession is of extreme importance since they perform a wide variety of work. However, these firefighters are constantly exposed to stressful situations and hazardous substances known to harm their health. To fully perform their functions, they should have good physical and mental health, which requires them to have periodic medical examinations and constant training. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study assessing the causes of mortality of members of the military fire brigade of Rio de Janeiro despite its relevance to future projections in relation to the health of these professionals.Methods: We conducted a retrospective mortality study on a cohort of military firefighters in the state of Rio de Janeiro from 2000 to 2016 and calculated the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) of male firefighters who served in the corporation in this period. To obtain the SMR, everyone’s participation time in years in the corporation was calculated, and the sum of the data set the person-time of this cohort. As a reference, we used the population of men over 19 years old in the state of Rio de Janeiro in 2010 according to the Demographic Census. Results: A total of 1,816 deaths were identified, corresponding to the lowest overall mortality expected for the general population (SMR: 64.6%; 95%CI: 61.6-67.6%), cardiovascular diseases (SMR: 64.4%; 95%CI: 58.8-69.9%) and external causes of mortality (SMR: 88.5%; 95%CI: 79.9-97.0%). However, in the external causes of death, there was a statistically significant mortality excess in the age groups from 40 to 49 and 50 to 59 years.Conclusion: The firefighters’ group had the lowest overall mortality detected in both the general and the main chapters of the 10th Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases.
Barriers to Accessing Mental Health Services Among Syrian Refugees in Ankara
Authors: Kilic Cengiz , Kaya Edip , Karadag Ozge , Uner Sarp 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Syrian refugees are seriously traumatized by the conflict in their country. Consequently, mental health problems, particularly depression and PTSD, are prevalent among refugees. Despite this fact, they make little use of mental health services. Using a population sample of Syrian refugees living in Ankara, we assessed the perceived need for and contact with mental health services, as well as the barriers to access these services.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 420 Syrian refugees living in Ankara city center, using face to face interviews administered at the respondents’ home by trained, Arabic-speaking interviewers. The data were collected in October–November 2016 in two neighborhoods of Ankara, where most of Syrian refugees were concentrated. PTSD and depression were assessed using Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Both measures have been validated in Arabic.Results: Of all the refugees in our sample, 14.8% (N=62) stated that they felt the need for mental healthcare since arriving in Turkey. The actual number contacting any mental health service, however, was very low (N=6). Multivariate analyses revealed that traumatic stress scores predicted the perceived need for contacting services. Though women reported much higher need for contact with mental health services than men, there was no gender effect on actual contact. Speaking Turkish seemed to increase contact with services, which is in line with language being listed as the most important barrier to accessing care. Conclusions: Our results show that, although refugees with mental health problems are more likely to contact services than others, most of those who need mental health care go untreated, and there is a significant gender inequity in this regard. To address this treatment gap, and to provide adequate care for refugees with mental health problems, common barriers (language, stigma, and awareness) should be identified and dealt with.
Social Distancing Intentions to Reduce the Spread of COVID-19: The Extended Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Adiyoso Wignyo , Wilopo Wilopo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDue to the absence of a vaccine of SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic, the most effective way to reduce transmission of the virus is by applying social distancing practices. Exploring factors that determine whether people adopt social distancing measures is, therefore, critical to reducing the spread of the virus. This study aimed to investigate people’s intentions to socially distance based on the extended Theory of Planned Behavior. MethodsA questionnaire was distributed to the sample population and collected through social media online and WhatsApp groups from March 26, 2020 to March 29, 2020. There were 823 analyzed out of 1,870 responses. The extended TPB variables and risk perception were measured using a 7-point scale (scored from 1-7). Data were analyzed using the partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling method.ResultsStudy found that the factors influencing the intention to perform social distancing were subjective norms and perceived behavior control. Risk perception affected attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Media exposure was found to determine attitudes, subjective norms, and risk perceptions. The relationship between attitudes and intentions, and media use and perceived behavior control were not significant. The better and effective risk communication that can change the level of risk perception, raise family and religious leader as well as increase to control behavior are the keys to people’s perform social distancing. Results from a multigroup analysis revealed that younger individuals showed a stronger relationship between the influence of risk perception and PBC and media use on risk perception. The predictive strength of subjective norms from risk perception and risk perception from media use was more strongly associated with rural populations. Conclusions The results of study provide an initial understanding of the level of the public’s risk perception to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Findings also revealed the role of media use in determining risk perception, attitudes and subjective norms and, in turn, change people’s intention to socially distance. This study may add to the literature of behavioral changes in pandemic and provide a framework for both policymakers and practitioners to formulate effective interventions in the future.
The Perception And The Degree of Adoption By Urbanites Towards Urban Farming
Authors: Ahimaz David , Arulanandam Benedict Valentine , Ivascu Larisa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This research aims at finding out which are the factors that greatly impact city dwellers’ perception towards urban farming. The study also looks at the variables which strongly affect the residents’ ability to grasp the idea of adopting urban farming practices in the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The four main factors included in this study are Confidence, Societal, Naturalness, and Pleasantness. A mixed-method approach was used involving both quantitative and qualitative, of a group of 129 respondents using G-power software. Validity and reliability of the data were also tested to affirm the quality and relevance with accordance to the factors. The main findings revealed that pleasantness and confidence were strong among urbanites for adopting urban farming, in line with Cohen’s R Square of more than 32%. In addition, qualitative analysis shows that while there were positive outcomes to complement the quantitative study, there was also, practical constraints that were highlighted. These constraints are space, conditions, and supply chain. Hence, this study has given two significant contributions to regulators and policymakers on urban farming.
Development and Implementation of a Computerized Decision Support Systems in the Interdisciplinary Treatment of Stage IV Pressure Injury in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Real Life Two-Group Parallel Design
Authors: Koligi Kamran , Lampart Patricia , Fähndrich Carina , Gmünder Hans Peter , Metzger Stefan , Schaefer Dirk , Schmitt Klaus , Stalder Stefan , Wettstein Reto , Gemperli Armin , Scheel-Sailer Anke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Treatment of pressure injury (PI) stage III and IV in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) requires complex interdisciplinary and inter-professional management described in comprehensive concepts. Although the implementation of these concepts in the clinical management is still difficult due to practical aspects as information and coordination challenges for example. The aim of this study was to develop, implement and test a computerized decision support system (CDSS) to increase concept adherence, improve inter-professional collaboration and optimize clinical outcome compared to usual care. Method: We implemented a CDSS picturing the Basel Decubitus Concept in an acute and rehabilitation clinic specialized for SCI as part of a quality improvement project in a real life two-group parallel design. We randomly allocated patients with SCI and PI stage III/IV for inpatient treatment to usual or CDSS supported care. We used an inclusive participatory development process, a qualitative focus group-based (30 participants) approach to capture the user perspective and prospective chart analyses to compare complication rates, length of stay and costs. Results: In both groups 15 patients were included showing no differences in SCI characteristics, comorbidities, and PI characteristics (localisation: ischium (19 PI, 63%), sacrum (10 PI, 33%), recurrent PI in 21 patients (70%)). Twenty-seven patients received surgical treatment (rotation flap in 12 patients (40%), posterior thigh flap in 15 patients (50%)). No statistically significant group differences were observed in the frequency of major (20% vs 13% between CDSS and control group) and minor (33% vs 27%) complications and length of stay (98 (±28) vs 81 (±23) days). The costs were similar. Although, health care professionals experienced the CDSS as helpful, high workload and difficulties in the information technology processes hindered its implementation.Conclusion: The introduction of a CDSS in the treatment of PI stage III/IV in patients with SCI was feasible, but technical and application problems limited its effectiveness. During the implementation and testing we learned that a clear definition of the whole treatment concept includes milestones, interventions and outcome definition. Technical requirements should include efficient reminder systems and clear visibility for all disciplines of the whole process. Trial registration: As a quality assurance study, this project holds a declaration of no objection by the Ethics Committee northwest/central Switzerland (EKNZ UBE-16/003) and received an ethical approval (EKNZ Req-2017-00860).
C-Reactive Protein Level Predicts Need For Medical Intervention In Pregnant Women With SARS-CoV2 Infection: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yamamoto Ryutaro , Asano Hiroshi , Umazume Takeshi , Takaoka Masato , Noshiro Kiwamu , Saito Yoshihiro , Nakagawa Kinuko , Chiba Kentaro , Nakakubo Sho , Nasuhara Yasuyuki , Konno Satoshi , Watari Hidemichi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDuring the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many hospitals experienced a shortage of hospital beds. To make effective use of the limited available hospital space during the pandemic, we conducted this study to investigate the laboratory indices that identify pregnant women with SARS-CoV2 infection who require medical intervention.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective analysis of pregnant women positive for COVID-19 who were admitted to Hokkaido University Hospital from September 2020 to June 2021. Medical interventions included oxygen supplementation, systemic corticosteroids, or supplemental liquids to treat infection-related symptoms.ResultsForty-two infected pregnant patients were admitted to the hospital, half of whom required medical intervention (n = 21). Fever, C-reactive protein , and platelet count are all associated with need for medical intervention. Of the 32 patients with a fever of ≥37.5℃ on days 0–3 after onset of syndromes, 22 (69%) continued to have a fever on days 4–6, of which 19 (86.4%) required medical intervention. C-reactive protein level and platelet count on days 4–6 predicted the presence or absence of medical intervention (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.913, and 0.856, respectively), with a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 100% at a C-reactive protein cutoff of 1.28 mg/dL, with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 87% at a platelet count cutoff of 16.3 × 10⁴/μL.ConclusionsThe need for medical intervention in pregnant patients can be predicted with high accuracy using a C-reactive protein cutoff of 1.28 mg/dL on days 4–6 after onset of syndromes. The presence of fever also may be an easy marker for selecting subjects who need or will need therapeutic intervention. These could be an effective triage method to determine appropriate indications for the hospitalization of pregnant women in future outbreaks.
Comparing Reliability Between 3D Imaging And 2D Photography For External Nasal Anthropometry
Authors: Seo Yoon-Soo , Jo Ki-Hun , CHA Jun-Sang , Kim Joo-Yeon , Kwon Jae-Hwan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: This study investigates and compare the reliability and reproducibility of two facial anthropometric methods about external nasal angles, 3D imaging and conventional 2D photography. Methods: 2D photograph images and 3D images about external nose of 30 volunteers were taken using digital camera and Morpheus 3D scanner. To evaluate intra-rater reliability, each images were taken over two different days for each subject by the same researcher. To evaluate inter-rater reliability, another researcher took each images for each subject on the first day. The reliability of each method for measuring 4 external nasal angle is obtained using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and compared.Results: Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of both 3D imaging and 2D photography had excellent agreement in all 4 nasal angles. In the nasofacial angular parameter, Inter-rater ICC, 2D photography was significantly higher than 3D imaging. Result of intra-rater ICC also showed both 3D imaging and 2D photography had good reliability in all 4 nasal angles. Similar to those of inter-rater ICC, nasofacial angular parameter showed statistically significant differences between 3D imaging and 2D photography.Conclusion: In terms of reliability, both 2D and 3D showed appropriate anthropometric results and considering its own advantage, each methods can be used complementarily.
Effects of Mask Use and Race on Face Perception, Emotion Recognition, and Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gulbetekin Evrim 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This investigation used three experiments to test the effect of mask use and other-race effect (ORE) on face perception in three contexts: (a) face recognition, (b) recognition of facial expressions, and (c) social distance. The first, which involved a matching-to-sample paradigm, tested Caucasian subjects with either masked or unmasked faces using Caucasian and Asian samples. The participants exhibited the best performance in recognizing an unmasked face condition and the poorest when asked to recognize a masked face that they had seen earlier without a mask. Accuracy was also poorer for Asian faces than Caucasian faces. The second experiment presented Asian or Caucasian faces having different emotional expressions, with and without masks. The results for this task, which involved identifying which emotional expression the participants had seen on the presented face, indicated that emotion recognition performance decreased for faces portrayed with masks. The emotional expressions ranged from the most accurately to least accurately recognized as follows: happy, neutral, disgusted, and fearful. Emotion recognition performance was poorer for Asian stimuli compared to Caucasian. Experiment 3 used the same participants and stimuli and asked participants to indicate the social distance they would prefer to observe with each pictured person. The participants preferred a wider social distance with unmasked faces compared to masked faces. Social distance also varied by the portrayed emotion: ranging from farther to closer as follows: disgusted, fearful, neutral, and happy. Race was also a factor; participants preferred wider social distance for Asian compared to Caucasian faces. Altogether, our findings indicated that during the COVID-19 pandemic face perception and social distance were affected by mask use, ORE.
Quantitative Analysis and Clinical Application of Iris Circulation in Ischemic Retinal Disease
Authors: Jia Yanwen , Xue Wenwen , Tong Xiaowei , Wang Yulan , Cui Lipu , Zou Haidong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: To evaluate quantitative changes of iris blood circulation in patients with ischemic risk.Methods: A clinical case series study. Patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) were included in this study. RVO affected eyes, RVO contralateral, and healthy control eyes were compared. We also compared eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and the contralateral eye without PDR (NPDR), patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) without DR (NDR), and healthy control eyes. The microvascular networks of the iris and retina were analyzed using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The analysis included vessel area density (VAD) and vessel skeleton density(VSD) of iris and retina.Results: In RVO group, the VAD and VSD of iris in the affected eye were higher than those in contralateral and healthy control, and the VAD and VSD of contralateral eyes were higher than those of healthy control. The retinal blood flow of RVO eye was less than the contralateral and healthy control eyes, but there were no difference between the contralateral eyes and healthy control eyes. The VAD and VSD of iris in PDR were larger than NPDR, and the NPDR were larger than NDR. There were no differences between NDR and healthy control eyes. Also, there were no difference among the four groups in retinal blood flow. Conclusions: Compared with the retina, iris blood circulation quantitative analysis data are more sensitive to ischemia and may be used as a new predictor of ischemic disease.Trial registration: The trial is registered with the clinical trial registration number nct03631108.
Classification of Imbalanced Cloud Image Data Using Deep Neural Networks –Performance Improvement Through a Data Science Competition–
Authors: Matsuoka Daisuke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Image data classification using machine learning is one of the effective methods for detecting atmospheric phenomena. However, extreme weather events with a small number of cases cause a decrease in classification prediction accuracy owing to the imbalance of data between the target class and the other classes. In order to build a highly accurate classification model, we held a data analysis competition to determine the best classification performance for two classes of cloud image data: tropical cyclones including precursors and other classes. For the top models in the competition, minority data oversampling, majority data undersampling, ensemble learning, deep layer neural networks, and cost-effective loss functions were used to improve the imbalanced classification performance. In particular, the best model out of 209 submissions succeeded in improving the classification capability by 65.4% over similar conventional methods in a measure of low false alarm ratio.