bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumore abbilden, Biomarker nachweisen, Messungen standardisieren
Authors: Resch‐Genger Ute 
Published: July 2021

AbstractZu den am häufigsten eingesetzten Analysemethoden in den Lebens‐ und Materialwissenschaften gehören Lumineszenzmethoden. Sie nutzen die Emission von Licht nach Absorption von Energie, um Signale zu erzeugen, und umfassen spektroskopische und mikroskopische Messungen.
Differences in levels of psychological distress, perceived safety, trust, and efficacy amongst hospital personnel during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Nissan Daniel , Weiss Gali , Siman‐Tov Maya , Spitz Ahuva , Bodas Moran , Shenhar Gilead , Adini Bruria 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic poses significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. A key consideration is the adverse psychological impact on healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to investigate the variable levels of psychological distress, perceived safety, trust, and self‐ and collective‐efficacy during the COVID‐19 crisis amongst varied HCWs. A survey was disseminated to nurses, physicians, interns, and administrative and logistical staff at an acute‐care hospital in Israel during the first wave of COVID‐19. The survey consisted of items on a 5‐point Likert scale, measuring HCW's perceptions concerning the aforementioned variables as well as demographic information. A total of 716 hospital personnel completed the survey. Nurses reported higher levels of psychological distress and lower levels of trust in the hospital's COVID‐19 guidelines compared to physicians (2.3 vs. 2.0 and 3.7 vs. 4.0, respectively). Nurses and interns felt the least safe when working in the hospital. Nurses reported the highest levels of concern regarding fear of uncontrollable spread, infection, and family transmission of the virus. Interns reported the lowest levels of self‐ and collective‐efficacy. In a regression model, the variables that predicted 32% of distress among nurses were age, gender, level of religiosity, indices of perceived safety, and self‐efficacy. This study demonstrated differences in distress and perceived safety, trust, and efficacy between varied HCWs during COVID‐19. This variability should be considered when designing policies to protect HCWs’ wellbeing during future pandemics.
Sunitinib and Evofosfamide (TH-302) in Systemic Treatment-Naïve Patients with Grade 1/2 Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: The GETNE-1408 Trial
Authors: Grande Enrique , Rodriguez-Antona Cristina , López Carlos , Alonso-Gordoa Teresa , Benavent Marta , Capdevila Jaume , Teulé Alex , Custodio Ana , Sevilla Isabel , Hernando Jorge , Gajate Pablo , Molina-Cerrillo Javier , Díez Juan José , Santos María , Lanillos Javier , García-Carbonero Rocío 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Sunitinib (SUN)-induced hypoxia within the tumor could promote the activation of the prodrug evofosfamide (EVO), locally releasing the cytotoxic DNA alkylator bromo-isophosphoramide mustard. SUNEVO, a phase II, open-label, single-arm trial, investigated the potential synergy of SUN plus EVO in advanced progressive pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs).

Methods
Systemic treatment-naïve patients with advanced or metastatic, unresectable, grade 1/2 panNETs with a Ki67 ≤20%, received EVO 340 mg/m2 on days 8, 15, and 22 every 4 weeks and sunitinib 37.5 mg/day continuously. The primary endpoint was objective response rate, measured every 8 weeks by RECIST version 1.1.

Results
From 2015 to 2018, 17 patients were enrolled. The median age was 62.4 years, 47% had a Ki67 &gt;10%, and 70.6% had liver metastasis. Patients received a median of five and four cycles of SUN and EVO, respectively. After a median follow-up of 15.7 months, 17.6% of patients achieved a complete (n = 1) or partial response (n = 2), and 11 patients had stable disease (64.7%). The median progression-free survival was 10.4 months (95% confidence interval, 2.6–18.0). Treatment-related adverse events (grade ≥3) were observed in 64.7% of the patients, the most frequent being neutropenia (35.3%), fatigue (17.6%), and thrombopenia (11.8%). Treatment discontinuation due to toxicity was reported in 88.2% of the patients. No correlation was found between treatment response and DAXX, ATRX, MEN1, SETD2, and PTEN gene mutations.

Conclusion
SUN plus EVO had a negative toxicity profile that should be taken into account for further clinical research in advanced panNETs. The combination showed moderate activity in terms of treatment response that did not correlate with somatic mutations. (Clinical trial identification number: NCT02402062)

Implications for Practice
Addition of hypoxia-activated prodrugs has been proposed as a potential mechanism to overcome tumor resistance to antiangiogenic agents. Sunitinib and evofosfamide, which were widely proposed as a potential synergistic option, showed modest efficacy in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs), reaching a median objective response rate of 17.6% and median progression-free survival of 10.4 months. Treatment response does not correlate with the biomarkers analyzed. The high systemic toxicity, with 88.2% of patients discontinuing the treatment, makes this therapeutic approach unfeasible and encourages future research to overcome panNETs' resistance to antiangiogenic agents with other therapies with a safer profile.
Exploration of an alternative to body mass index to characterize the relationship between height and weight for prediction of metabolic phenotypes and cardiovascular outcomes
Authors: Shuey Megan M. , Huang Shi , Levinson Rebecca T. , Farber‐Eger Eric , Cahill Katherine N. , Beckman Joshua A. , Koethe John R. , Silver Heidi J. , Niswender Kevin D. , Cox Nancy J. , Harrell Frank E. , Wells Quinn S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveBody mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used predictor of weight‐related comorbidities and outcomes. However, the presumed relationship between height and weight intrinsic to BMI may introduce bias with respect to prediction of clinical outcomes. A series of analyses comparing the performance of models representing weight and height as separate interacting variables to models using BMI were performed using Vanderbilt University Medical Center's deidentified electronic health records and landmark methodology.MethodsUse of BMI or height‐weight interaction in prediction models for established weight‐related cardiometabolic traits and metabolic syndrome was evaluated. Specifically, prediction models for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, low high‐density lipoprotein, and elevated triglycerides, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease were developed. Model performance was evaluated using likelihood ratio, R2, and Somers' Dxy rank correlation. Differences in model predictions were visualized using heat maps.ResultsCompared to BMI, the maximally flexible height‐weight interaction model demonstrated improved prediction, higher likelihood ratio, R2, and Somers' Dxy rank correlation, for event‐free probability for all outcomes. The degree of improvement to the prediction model differed based on the outcome and across the height and weight range.ConclusionsBecause alternative measures of body composition such as waist‐to‐hip ratio are not routinely collected in the clinic clinical risk models quantifying risk based on height and weight measurements alone are essential to improve practice. Compared to BMI, modeling height and weight as independent, interacting variables results in less bias and improved predictive accuracy for all tested traits. Considering an individual's height and weight opposed to BMI is a better method for quantifying individual disease risk.
PediCARE: Development of a poverty‐targeted intervention for pediatric cancer
Authors: Umaretiya Puja J. , Revette Anna , Seo Anna , Flamand Yael , Ilcisin Lenka , Zheng Daniel J. , Bhatia Smita , Wolfe Joanne , Bona Kira 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPoverty is associated with inferior psychosocial outcomes, higher rates of relapse, and decreased overall survival in children with cancer. Despite this, there are few evidence‐based, poverty‐targeted interventions and none specific to pediatric oncology. To address this gap, we developed and refined the Pediatric Cancer Resource Equity (PediCARE) intervention, a household material hardship (HMH) targeted intervention providing transportation and groceries to pediatric oncology families.MethodsThis was a single‐arm pilot study conducted at a single, large, tertiary pediatric cancer center. Newly diagnosed patients with HMH‐exposure were directly assigned to receive PediCARE for a total of three months. Quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to evaluate its acceptability and to rapidly refine the intervention.ResultsNine families (100% of those approached) consented to enrollment with no attrition over the three‐month study period. Families were highly satisfied with the intervention and recommended participation to others. All of the families utilized the grocery delivery component of PediCARE, and seven utilized the transportation component. Qualitative participant feedback was used to rapidly refine the intervention including logistics of intervention delivery, and dose of intervention components.ConclusionPediCARE, a poverty‐targeted intervention, was highly acceptable to pediatric oncology families. The intervention was refined in real‐time utilizing quantitative and qualitative feedback. Next steps include intervention evaluation in a randomized, controlled feasibility study.
Impact of a pharmacy technician and pharmacist on time to inhaled tobramycin therapy in a pediatric cystic fibrosis clinic
Authors: Burrus Tiffany E. , Vogt Hilary , Pettit Rebecca S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) patients who grow Pseudomonas aeruginosa on respiratory culture are commonly prescribed inhaled tobramycin (TIS) to eradicate the organism. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmacy technician/pharmacist team, in conjunction with an integrated health‐system specialty pharmacy (IHSSP), on the time from positive culture to prescribing and access to TIS in a pediatric CF clinic.MethodsA retrospective study of CF patients positive for P. aeruginosa who were prescribed TIS for eradication.ResultsThe study included 20 patients in the pregroup and 42 patients in the postgroup. Total median (interquartile range) days from positive culture to TIS being shipped to the patient from the pharmacy was significantly different: 15 (10.25–21) days in the pregroup and 9 (7–14) days in the post groups (p = .005). The time from positive culture to TIS prescribing was significantly different: 6 (5–12.75) days in the pregroup and 5 (3.75–6) days in the postgroup (p = .01). In the postgroup median time from prescription to the patient receiving the TIS was significantly different between the two groups 2 (2–5) days IHSSP group versus 6 (3–9) external specialty pharmacy group (p = .003). Time from prescription to prior authorization approval was the same in both groups.ConclusionsThe addition of the pharmacy team reduced time from culture to TIS being received by the patient. Patients able to fill at the IHSSP received their medication sooner than an external specialty pharmacy. The study shows the benefit of an integrated pharmacy model in conjunction with an IHSSP.
A Membrane‐Targeting Photosensitizer with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Characteristics for Highly Efficient Photodynamic Combat of Human Coronaviruses
Authors: Wu Ming‐Yu , Gu Meijia , Leung Jong‐Kai , Li Xinmei , Yuan Yuncong , Shen Chao , Wang Lianrong , Zhao Engui , Chen Sijie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCOVID‐19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has resulted in global social and economic disruption, putting the world economy to the largest global recession since the Great Depression. To control the spread of COVID‐19, cutting off the transmission route is a critical step. In this work, the efficient inactivation of human coronavirus with photodynamic therapy (PDT) by employing photosensitizers with aggregation‐induced emission characteristics (DTTPB) is reported. DTTPB is designed to bear a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails, mimicking the structure of phospholipids on biological membranes. DTTPB demonstrates a broad absorption band covering the whole visible light range and high molar absorptivity, as well as excellent reactive oxygen species sensitizing ability, making it an excellent candidate for PDT. Besides, DTTPB can target membrane structure, and bind to the envelope of human coronaviruses. Upon light irradiation, DTTPB demonstrates highly effective antiviral behavior: human coronavirus treated with DTTPB and white‐light irradiation can be efficiently inactivated with complete loss of infectivity, as revealed by the significant decrease of virus RNA and proteins in host cells. Thus, DTTPB sensitized PDT can efficiently prevent the infection and the spread of human coronavirus, which provides a new avenue for photodynamic combating of COVID‐19.
Design of frameworks for self‐adaptive service‐oriented applications: A systematic analysis
Authors: Filisbino Passini William , Aparecida Lana Cristiane , Pfeifer Vinicius , Affonso Frank José 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSelf‐adaptive service‐oriented Applications (Self‐Apps) must be able to understand themselves or the environment in which they are executed, and propose solutions to meet changing conditions. The development of these applications is not a trivial task, since it encompasses issues from different research areas. Despite the importance of frameworks for Self‐Apps, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of how the design of such applications is performed, and regarding the standardization of concepts and coverage of minimum requirements for Self‐Apps. The main contribution of this article is to present this comprehensive analysis, providing the state of the art for this subject. This analysis was built through a Systematic Mapping Study, based on a total of 65 studies, from which we identify the main attributes for Quality of Service (QoS), search strategies, and service management strategies employed in the design of frameworks for Self‐Apps. The main aspects of requirements involved in the design of Self‐Apps were pointed out to stakeholders. For example, these applications must implement a method for evaluation of QoS based on metrics. We also put forward the S‐Frame, a modular solution that brings together the main features for the design of Self‐Apps, and describe the main challenges concerning these applications.
Localization of wind turbine noise using a microphone array in wind tunnel measurements
Authors: Ocker Christof , Blumendeller Esther , Berlinger Philipp , Pannert Wolfram , Clifton Andrew 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn experimental investigation on scaled wind turbine models in a wind tunnel with a microphone array is presented. Our study focuses on the localization and quantification of aerodynamic noise sources on rotating wind turbine blades with the aim of identifying the contributing factors that have an impact on the source spectra. Therefore, wind tunnel measurements were conducted for three different blade geometries (NACA 4412 shape, Clark‐Y shape, and sickle shape), five pitch angles between −2° and +8° and five wind velocities between 5 and 13 mŝ−1. For the localization of rotating sound sources with a microphone array, a rotating beamforming method based on the acoustic ray method is used. The Clean‐SC deconvolution method was used to improve the resolution of the acoustic sources, and integrated spectra were calculated for the individual blades. The sound sources were localized at the wind turbine blades and assigned to the leading edge and trailing edge subregions. The results show a high dependency on the sound source distribution and the source strength with regard to the observed one‐third octave bands, wind velocity, and blade geometry. Hence, the localization of rotating sound sources with a microphone array is a suitable method for the development of wind turbine blades that emit less noise.
Improving interinstitutional and intertechnology consistency of pulmonary SBRT by dose prescription to the mean internal target volume dose
Authors: Wilke L. , Moustakis C. , Blanck O. , Albers D. , Albrecht C. , Avcu Y. , Boucenna R. , Buchauer K. , Etzelstorfer T. , Henkenberens C. , Jeller D. , Jurianz K. , Kornhuber C. , Kretschmer M. , Lotze S. , Meier K. , Pemler P. , Riegler A. , Röser A. , Schmidhalter D. , Spruijt K. H. , Surber G. , Vallet V. , Wiehle R. , Willner J. , Winkler P. , Wittig A. , Guckenberger M. , Tanadini-Lang S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Dose, fractionation, normalization and the dose profile inside the target volume vary substantially in pulmonary stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) between different institutions and SBRT technologies. Published planning studies have shown large variations of the mean dose in planning target volume (PTV) and gross tumor volume (GTV) or internal target volume (ITV) when dose prescription is performed to the PTV covering isodose. This planning study investigated whether dose prescription to the mean dose of the ITV improves consistency in pulmonary SBRT dose distributions.

Materials and methods
This was a multi-institutional planning study by the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) working group Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Radiotherapy. CT images and structures of ITV, PTV and all relevant organs at risk (OAR) for two patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were distributed to all participating institutions. Each institute created a treatment plan with the technique commonly used in the institute for lung SBRT. The specified dose fractionation was 3 × 21.5 Gy normalized to the mean ITV dose. Additional dose objectives for target volumes and OAR were provided.

Results
In all, 52 plans from 25 institutions were included in this analysis: 8 robotic radiosurgery (RRS), 34 intensity-modulated (MOD), and 10 3D-conformal (3D) radiation therapy plans. The distribution of the mean dose in the PTV did not differ significantly between the two patients (median 56.9 Gy vs 56.6 Gy). There was only a small difference between the techniques, with RRS having the lowest mean PTV dose with a median of 55.9 Gy followed by MOD plans with 56.7 Gy and 3D plans with 57.4 Gy having the highest. For the different organs at risk no significant difference between the techniques could be found.

Conclusions
This planning study pointed out that multiparameter dose prescription including normalization on the mean ITV dose in combination with detailed objectives for the PTV and ITV achieve consistent dose distributions for peripheral lung tumors in combination with an ITV concept between different delivery techniques and across institutions.
Trends in the recording of anxiety in UK primary care: a multi-method approach
Authors: Archer Charlotte , Turner Katrina , Kessler David , Mars Becky , Wiles Nicola 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Anxiety disorders are common. Between 1998 and 2008, in the UK, GP recording of anxiety symptoms increased, but the recording of anxiety disorders decreased. We do not know whether such trends have continued. This study examined recent trends in the recording of anxiety and explored factors that may influence GPs’ coding of anxiety.

Methods
We used data from adults (n = 2,569,153) registered with UK general practices (n = 176) that contributed to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink between 2003 and 2018. Incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for recorded anxiety symptoms and diagnoses and were stratified by age and gender. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate the years trends changed. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 GPs to explore their views and management of anxiety. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.

Results
The incidence of anxiety symptoms rose from 6.2/1000 person-years at risk (PYAR) in 2003 to 14.7/1000 PYAR in 2018. Between 2003 and 2008, the incidence of anxiety diagnoses fell from 13.2 to 10.1/1000 PYAR; markedly increasing between 2013 and 2018 to 15.3/1000 PYAR. GPs mentioned that they preferred using symptom codes to diagnostic codes to avoid assigning potentially stigmatising or unhelpful labels, and commented on a rise in anxiety in recent years, especially in young adults.

Conclusion
Recent increases in the recording of both anxiety diagnoses and symptoms may reflect increased presentation to primary care, especially in young adults. There is a clear need to understand the reasons for this, and this knowledge may be critical in the prevention and treatment of anxiety.
Deutsches Register www.Covid19-Rheuma.de
Authors: Hasseli Rebecca , Pfeil Alexander , Hoyer Bimba Franziska , Lorenz Hanns-Martin , Regierer Anne C. , Richter Jutta G. , Schmeiser Tim , Strangfeld Anja , Voll Reinhard E. , Krause Andreas , Schulze-Koops Hendrik , Müller-Ladner Ulf , Specker Christof 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungDurch das COVID-19-Register (www.covid19-rheuma.de) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie erfolgte erstmalig die Erfassung und systematische Evaluation einer viralen Infektion bei Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen (ERE). Hierdurch war und ist eine schnelle Generierung von wissenschaftlichen Daten möglich, welche helfen, die Betreuung von Patienten mit ERE im Rahmen der Pandemie zu verbessern. Neben der Bestätigung allgemeiner Risikofaktoren – auch für Patienten mit ERE – wie Patientenalter und Komorbiditäten (z. B. kardiovaskuläre, chronische Lungen- und Nierenerkrankungen) konnten die Einnahme von Glukokortikoiden und die Krankheitsaktivität der rheumatischen Erkrankung als krankheitsspezifische Risikofaktoren für die Notwendigkeit einer stationären Behandlung wegen COVID-19 identifiziert werden. Auswertungen der kontinuierlich wachsenden Kohorte von Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen und einer COVID-19-Infektion erlauben, Handlungsempfehlungen für die Betreuung der Patienten auf eine bessere Evidenz zu stützen. Die Kooperation mit internationalen rheumatologischen Registern (z. B. europäisches COVID-19-Register für ERE) ermöglicht Analysen aggregierter Kohortendaten von Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen und einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion für internationale Vergleiche und statistisch noch besser abgesicherte Aussagen.
Formatively assessing prospective teachers’ skills in leading mathematics discussions
Authors: Shaughnessy Meghan , Garcia Nicole M. , O’Neill Michaela Krug , Selling Sarah Kate , Willis Amber T. , Wilkes Charles E. , Salazar Sabrina Bobsin , Ball Deborah Loewenberg 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMathematics discussions are important for helping students to develop conceptual understanding and to learn disciplinary norms and practices. In recent years, there has been increased attention to teaching prospective teachers to lead discussions with students. This paper examines the possibilities of designing a formative assessment that gathers information about prospective elementary teachers’ skills with leading problem-based mathematics discussions and makes sense of such information. A decomposition of the practice of leading discussions was developed and used to design the assessment. Nine first-year teachers who graduated from a range of different teacher education programs participated in the study. The findings reveal that our formative assessment works to gather information about teachers’ capabilities with leading discussions and that the associated tools support making sense of the information gathered. This suggests that such tools could be useful to support the formative assessment of the developing capabilities of prospective teachers.