bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency Enhancement of Photovoltaic Module Using An Aluminum Foam Matrix Filled With Phase Change Material (PCM) Under Hot Climate Conditions
Authors: Sharaf Mohamed , Yousef Mohamed S. , Huzayyin Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the present work, a passive cooling strategy combining an aluminium foam matrix (AFM) with PCM was employed to regulate the temperature of a photovoltaic (PV) system The comparison between three PV modules was established ,the first one was conventional without any changes ,the second one was PV combined with PCM (PV-PCM) and the last one was PV combined with modified PCM which contain an aluminum foam matrix embedded in it (PV-PCM/AFM).Outdoor experiments were carried out in the hot weather of Benha, Egypt, which is situated at latitude 30.466° North and longitude 31.185° East. A comparison of the three PV designs was given and analysed, based on PV surface temperature, PCM temperature, open-circuit voltage, output power generated, and electrical efficiency. It was observed that using composite PCM resulted in better heat absorption from the PV module and better temperature distribution inside the PCM enclosure. Furthermore, the results indicated that against the unmodified PV system, the average cell’s temperature in the PV-PCM system was dropped by 13.3% and its electrical power was enhanced by 9%. Meanwhile, the average cell temperature in the PV-PCM/AFM configuration was reduced by 21.6% while the enhancement of the electrical power was at 14%. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that, as compared to unmodified PCM, AFM impregnation accelerated the melting of modified PCM by roughly 37%.
Identification of Accession-Specific Variants and Development of KASP Markers for Assessing the Genetic Makeup of Crop Seeds
Authors: Hong Seongmin , Choi Su Ryun , Kim Jihyeong , Jeong Young-Min , Kwon Suk-Yoon , Lim Yong Pyo , Shin Ah-Young , Kim Yong-Min 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Most crop seeds are F1 hybrids. Seed providers and plant breeders must be confident that the seed supplied to growers is of known, and uniform, genetic makeup. This requires maintenance of pure genotypes of the parental lines and testing to ensure the genetic purity of the F1 seed. Traditionally, seed testing for purity was done with a grow-out test (GOT) in the field, but these tests are time consuming and costly. Seed testing with molecular markers was introduced as a replacement for GOT early in the last decade. Recently, Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers are promising tools for genetic testing of seeds. However, the markers available at that time could be inaccurate and could be used with only a small number of accessions or varieties due to the limited genetic information and reference genomes available.
Results

Here, we identified 4,925,742 SNPs in 50 accessions of the Brasscia rapa core collection. Furthermore, the total 2,925 SNPs were selected as accession-specific SNPs, considering properties of flanking region harboring accession-specific SNPs and genic region conservation among accessions by NGS analysis. In total, 100 accession-specific markers were developed as accession-specific KASP markers. Based on the results of our validation experiments, the accession-specific markers successfully distinguish individuals from the mixed population including 50 target accessions from B. rapa core collection and outgroup.
Conclusions

This study provides efficient methods for developing KASP markers to distinguish individuals from the mixture comprised of breeding lines and germplasms from the resequencing data of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa spp. pekinensis).
Analysis of Potential Genetic Biomarkers Using Machine Learning Methods and Immune Infiltration Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Atrial Fibrillation Running Title: Identification of Biomarkers for Af via Machine Learning
Authors: Wu Li-Da , Li Feng , Chen Jia-Yi , Zhang Jie , Qian Ling-Ling , Wang Ru-Xing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: We aimed to screen out biomarkers for atrial fibrillation (AF) based on machine learning methods and evaluate the degree of immune infiltration in AF patients in detail.Methods: Two datasets (GSE41177 and GSE79768) related to AF in GEO database were included. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out using “limma” package. Candidate biomarkers for AF were identified using machine learning methods of the LASSO regression algorithm and SVM-RFE algorithm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to assess the diagnostic effectiveness of biomarkers, which was further validated in the GSE14795 dataset. Moreover, we used CIBERSORT to study the proportion of infiltrating immune cells in each sample, and the Spearman method was used to explore the correlation between biomarkers and immune cells.Results: 129 DEGs were identified, and CYBB, CXCR2, and S100A4 were identified as key biomarkers of AF using LASSO regression and SVM-RFE algorithm, and the diagnostic value was further validated in GSE14795. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that, compared with sinus rhythm (SR), the atrial samples of patients with AF contained a higher T cells gamma delta, neutrophils and mast cells resting, whereas T cells follicular helper were relatively lower. Correlation analysis demonstrated that CYBB, CXCR2, and S100A4 were significantly correlated with the infiltrating immune cells.Conclusions: In conclusion, this study suggested that CYBB, CXCR2, and S100A4 are key biomarkers correlated with infiltrating immune cells in AF, and infiltrating immune cells play pivotal roles in AF.
Multidisciplinary Residential Program for the Treatment of Obesity: How Body Composition Assessed by DXA and Blood Chemistry Parameters Change During Hospitalization and Which Variations in Body Composition Occur from Discharge Up to One Year Follow-Up
Authors: Gasparri Clara , Perna Simone , Peroni Gabriella , Riva Antonella , Petrangolini Giovanna , Faliva Milena Anna , Naso Maurizio , Rondanelli Mariangela 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Since obesity is a pathology characterized by a complex variable clinical presentation with comorbidities, multidisciplinary residential program (MRP) represents one of the best options for treating obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 8-weeks MRP on weight loss, body composition assessed by DXA and metabolic blood parameters between entry (T0) and discharge (T1). The secondary endpoint was the evaluation of the patients' adherence to diet during the check-up outpatient visits, at 2 (T2), 6 (T3) and 12 (T4) months after discharge.
Methods

One hundred and seventy-eight subjects were enrolled (61 males and 117 females, aged 58.5±13, BMI 41.3±6). The difference in values ​​(end of hospitalization compared to baseline) was calculated through the univariate GLM procedure, which provides regression analysis and analysis of variance for a variable dependent on one or more variables.
Results

There was a statistically significant (p<0.001) improvement of all parameters investigated: total mass (-5.68 kg), fat free mass (-1236.03 g), fat mass (-4416.85 g), fat mass index (-1724.56), visceral adipose tissue (-332.76 g), arm circumference (-1.63 cm) and calf circumference (-1.16 cm). The skeletal muscle index was not affected. Statistically significant improvement in glycaemic and lipid profile were reported. The BMI average reduction continued from discharge until T4. No statistically significant changes in fat free mass and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were reported during a year of follow-up.
Conclusion

The present study demonstrated the clinical benefits of 8-weeks MRP, which includes hypocaloric diet, physical exercise, and psychological support.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Land Reclamation Schemes in Mining Area based on Linguistic Intuitionistic Fuzzy Group Decision Making
Authors: Wu Ju , Liu Yi , Liu Fang , Gong Hao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mine geological environment protection and land reclamation schemes are the core requirements for mining right application, which play an important role in regulating mining activities and supervising mining enterprises to fulfill their obligations of mine reclamation. In order to give full play to the guidance function of the schemes, provide reference for the compilation and review of the schemes, this paper attempts to make comprehensive evaluation of land reclamation schemes in mining area with multi-attribute group decision making method. First, linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are utilized to describe the evaluation information. Considering the authority and preference attitude of experts, the determination methods of expert weights in four cases are established. Then max-min deviation method is used to determine the attribute weights. Thereafter, a method for Linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy group decision making problem is proposed. Finally, the practicability of this method is verified by land reclamation schemes of four mining areas in Sichuan Province and comparative analysis is made. The research results show that the evaluation process of this method is simple and effective, so it can be reasonably applied to compile and review of land reclamation schemes.
Automated Measurement and Analysis of Sidewall Roughness (SWR) Using 3D-AFM
Authors: Yoo Su-Been , Yun Seong-Hun , Jo Ah-Jin , Lee Jun-Ho , Cho Sang-Joon , Cho Haneol , Ahn Byoung-Woon 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As the semiconductor device architecture develops, from planar field-effect transistor (FET) to FinFET and toward gate all around (GAA), it is more needed to measure 3D structure sidewall precisely. Here, we present a 3D-atomic force microscopy (3D-AFM) by Park Systems Corp., a powerful 3D metrology tool to measure SWR of vertical and undercut structures. First, we measured 3 different dies repeatedly to calculate reproducibility in die level. Reproducible results were derived with relative standard deviation under 2%. Second, we measured 13 different dies, including the center and edge of the wafer, to analyze SWR distribution in wafer level and reliable results were measured. And all analysis was performed using a novel algorithm including auto flattening, sidewall detection, and SWR calculation. In addition, SWR automatic analysis software was implemented to reduce analysis time and to provide standard analysis. The result suggests that our 3D-AFM based on tilted Z scanner enabled an advanced methodology for automated 3D measurement and analysis.
Compressible Time-Dependent Steam Flow And Thermal Heat Analysis In Squared Cylinder: A Numerical Investigation
Authors: Hussain Azad , Arsaln Muhammad , Hassan Ali , Rehman Aysha 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates time-dependent compressible steam laminar flow coupled with heat transfer in fluids in a squared cylinder. The present problem has been designed in COMSOL-Multiphysics. The laminar flow is selected keeping the Mac number low. The flow possesses a no-slip condition with the wall of geometry. The pressure kept on flow is 0 Pas and the temperature of the flow regime is 305.13. The flow is initiated with a velocity of 0.5m/s. The effects of time on velocity distribution and pressure distribution are described with the help of graphs. Different results like drag coefficient, lift coefficient, heat distributions are also discussed. The technique used to solve modeled problem is BDF.
Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) -634C/G and +936C/T Polymorphisms and Serum VEGF Levels in Women Suffering From Preeclampsia
Authors: Hosseini Sayed hojjat , Ghadiria Ata , Salehi Abdolah Mousavi , Rokhafrooz Saber , Najafian Mahin , Ghafourian Mehri 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a syndrome related with pregnancy and characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, occurring in approximately 6-8% of pregnancies and accounting for approximately 40% of premature births. This study aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of -634C/G and +936C/T in VEGF gene and their relationship with serum VEGF levels in pregnant women with PE. In this case-control study, peripheral blood samples were collected from 135 women with PE and 135 normal pregnant women as the control group. DNA was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method. Then, the polymorphisms of VEGF gene were detected by PCR-RFLP method using specific primers. Besides, VEGF concentrations were measured by ELISA method on serum samples and control subjects using ELISA kits. In this research, maternal age, gestational week, maternal hemoglobin and BMI were significantly correlated with the likelihood of PE, while the occurrence season variable was not effective in PE among the pregnant women. There was no significant difference in the two polymorphisms of -634C/G and +936C/T in VEGF gene between the two groups. Also, the serum VEGF level in PE patients was significantly higher than the normal group (P<0.001). Despite a significant increase in serum VEGF concentrations in women with PE, it seems that -634C/G and +936C/T polymorphisms of VEGF gene are not related with the onset of PE. Further studies are required to fully understand the risk factors related to preeclampsia syndrome.
Ancestry-based differences in the immune system are associated with lupus severity
Authors: Slight-Webb Samantha , Thomas Kevin , Smith Miles , Macwana Susan , Bylinska Aleksandra , Kheir Joseph , Donato Michele , Dvorak Mai , Chang Sarah , Kuo Alex , Cheung Peggie , Kalesinskas Laurynas , Ganesan Ananthakrishnan , Dermadi Denis , Guthridge Carla , Dejager Wade , Wright Christian , Adebayo Bolanle , Foecke Mariko , Merrill Joan , Chakravarty Eliza , Arriens Cristina , Maecker Holden , Khatri Purvesh , Utz Paul , James Judith A. , Guthridge Joel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) affects 1 in 537 of African American (AA) women, which is >2-fold more than European American (EA) women. AA patients also develop the disease at a younger age, have more severe symptoms, and a greater chance of early mortality. We used a multi-omics approach to uncover ancestry-specific immune alterations in SLE patients and healthy controls that may contribute to disease disparities. Cell composition, signaling, and epigenetics were evaluated by mass cytometry; droplet-based single cell transcriptomics and paired proteogenomics (scRNA-Seq/scCITE-Seq). Soluble mediator levels were measured in plasma and stimulated whole blood. Toll-like receptor (TLRs) pathways are activated by vaccination and microbial infection, and are also key drivers of autoimmune disease. We observed enhanced TLR3/4/7/8/9-related gene expression in immune cells from AA versus EA SLE patients. TLR7/8/9 and IFNα phospho-signaling responses were heightened even in immune cells from healthy AA versus EA controls. TLR stimulation of healthy AA and EA immune cells recapitulated the distinct ancestry-associated SLE immunophenotypes. Thus, healthy individuals show ancestry-based differences in innate immune pathways that could influence the course and severity of lupus and other diseases.
Phase Transition Behaviors of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Induced By Small Molecular Weak Acids
Authors: Xu Zhifei , Zhao Qixuan , Zhao Di 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, phase change material hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was chosen to investigate the influence of small molecular weak acids on its phase transition temperature. The results showed that all of the chosen small molecular weak acids such as acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid (MAA), DL-lactic acid (LA), citric acid (CA) and acetic acid (AAc) can trigger the decrease of phase transition temperature of HPMC at different pH. With the increase of pH, AA, LA, CA and AAc can further lower the phase transition temperature, on the contrary, the phase transition temperature of HPMC increased with MAA. The change range of LCST was largest around pKa compared with other pH values because triggering effect changed gradually from hydrogen bonding effect to salt effect upon the increase of pH. Besides, phase transition temperature can also be reduced by the increase of acid concentration. This is attributed to smaller distance between molecules caused by higher concentration leading to stronger hydrogen bonding effect or salt effect. This paper provided a new perspective to modulate the LCST of phase change material by small molecular weak acids at different pH.
Experimental Validation of a Voxel-Based Finite Element Model Simulating Femoroplasty of Lytic Lesions in the Proximal Femur
Authors: Sas Amelie , Sermon An , Lenthe G. Harry van 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Femoroplasty is a procedure where bone cement is injected percutaneously into a weakened proximal femur. Uncertainty exists whether femoroplasty provides sufficient mechanical strengthening to prevent fractures in patients with femoral bone metastases. Finite element models are promising tools to evaluate the mechanical effectiveness of femoroplasty, but a thorough validation is required. This study validated a voxel-based finite element model against experimental data from eight pairs of human cadaver femurs with artificial metastatic lesions. One femur from each pair was left untreated, while the contralateral femur was augmented with bone cement. Finite element models accurately predicted the femoral strength in the defect (R² = 0.96) and augmented (R² = 0.93) femurs. The modelled surface strain distributions showed a good qualitative match with results from digital image correlation; yet, quantitatively, only moderate correlation coefficients were found for the defect (mean R² = 0.78) and augmented (mean R² = 0.76) femurs. This was attributed to the presence of vessel holes in the femurs and the jagged surface representation of our voxel-based models. Despite some inaccuracies in the surface measurements, the FE models accurately predicted the global bone strength and qualitative deformation behavior, both before and after femoroplasty. Hence, they can offer a useful biomechanical tool to assist clinicians in assessing the need for prophylactic augmentation in patients with metastatic bone disease, as well as in identifying suitable patients for femoroplasty.
Honey Bee Venom Re-Challenge During Specific Immunotherapy: Prolonged Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation Allowed Survival in a Case of Near Fatal Anaphylaxis
Authors: Micaletto Sara , Ruetzler Kurt , Bruesch Martin , Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific immunotherapy for patients with honey bee hypersensitivity is commonly applied. Re-challenge with venom is performed to prove protection.CASE PRESENATION We report a case of near fatal anaphylaxis with asystolia for 24 minutes in a 35-years-old patient with mastocytosis after honey bee sting challenge despite 5-years of specific immunotherapy. Successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was applied for 32 minutes.CONCLUSION This intervention demonstrates, that in anaphylaxis with cardio-vascular arrest prolonged CPR for up to 40 minutes might be appropriate to overcome half time span of massively released histamine. Failure of specific immunotherapy was possibly due to sensitization to the allergen Api m10, probably underrepresented in commercial honey bee venom extracts. Also, molecular analyses might alert to potential unsuccessful outcome of venom specific immunotherapy especially in high-risk patients such as mastocytosis.
Small Extracellular Vesicles Released from Bioglass/Hydrogel Scaffold Promote Vascularized Bone Regeneration by Transferring miR-23a-3p
Authors: Hu Hongxing , Zhang Hang , Bu Ziheng , Pan Mingmang , Lv Fang , Liu Zhongtang , cheng liming 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
The treatment of critical-size bone defect is a great difficulty in orthopedics. Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are critical issue during the process of bone repair and remodeling. MSCs-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) show desirable therapeutic prospects in tissue regeneration due to satisfied advantages including high stability, facilitated acquisition and abundant source. However, the effect of Human umbilical cord MSCs-derived sEVs (hUC-MSCs-sEVs) on vascularized bone regeneration and the potential mechanism remains to be investigated. Herein, we aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and the mechanism of hUC-MSCs-sEVs on critical-size bone defect.
Methods
To investigate the potential osteogenesis and angiogenesis effects of sEVs in vitro, we extracted sEVs from hUC-MSCs, and then sEVs were co-incubated with BMSCs and HUVECs. We next investigated the potential mechanism of sEVs on the effects of osteogenesis and angiogenesis by luciferase reporter gene assay and western blot. We fabricated 3D-printed bioglass scaffold with Gelma/nanoclay hydrogel coatings to load sEVs(BG-gel-sEVs) to ensure in vivo sustained efficacy of sEVs. Finally, the skull defect model was used to evaluate the capacity of vascularized bone regeneration of the composited scaffolds.
Results
hUC-MSCs-sEVs facilitated calcium deposition and the endothelial network formation, inducing osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis by delivering miR-23a-3p to activate PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, the BG-gel-sEVs composited scaffold achieved vascularized bone regeneration in vivo.
Conclusion
This finds illuminated that hUC-MSCs-sEVs promoted osteogenesis and angiogenesis by delivering miR-23a-3p to activate PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, achieving vascularized bone regeneration.
A Multilevel Study of Socio-economic Inequalities in Self-reported Oral and General Health in South-east Norway
Authors: Lyshol Heidi , Grøtvedt Liv , Fagerhaug Tone Natland , Feuerherm Astrid J , Jakhelln Gry , Sen Abhijit 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study assesses the association between socioeconomic determinants and self-reported health using data from a regional Norwegian health survey. A total of 9,068 participants 25+ were included. Survey data were linked to registry data on education and personal income. Self-reported oral health and general health were separately assessed and categorized into ‘good’ and ‘poor’. The exposures were educational level, personal income, and economic security. Prevalence ratios (PRs) were computed to assess the associations between socioeconomic determinants and self-reported health using multilevel Poisson regression. Participants with low education or income had poorer oral and general health than those with more education or higher income. Comparing the highest education level versus the lowest, adjusted PRs for poor oral and general health were 1.44 (95%CI 1.26-1.65) and 1.53 (95%CI 1.35-1.74). Correspondingly, with the highest income quintile versus the lowest, estimates were 1.64 (95%CI 1.39-1.94) and 2.34 (95%CI 1.97-2.79) for oral and general health. Lack of economic security was also significantly associated with poor self-reported oral and general health. Positive linear trends between levels of education and income were documented for both outcomes (P-linear trends <0.001), including a pattern of socioeconomic gradients, both for oral and general health.