bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is the “Optimal” Target Mismatch Criteria for Acute Ischemic Stroke?
Authors: Chen Chushuang , Parsons Mark W. , Levi Christopher R. , Spratt Neil J. , Lin Longting , Kleinig Timothy , Butcher Kenneth , Cheng Xin , Dong Qiang , O'Brien Billy , Avivi Richard I. , Krause Martin , Sylaja P. N. , Choi Philip , Bhuta Sandeep , Yin Congguo , Yang Jianhong , Wang Peng , Qiu Weiwen , Bivard Andrew 
Published: January 2021

We aimed to compare Perfusion Imaging Mismatch (PIM) and Clinical Core Mismatch (CCM) criteria in ischemic stroke patients to identify the effect of these criteria on selected patient population characteristics and clinical outcomes. Patients from the INternational Stroke Perfusion Imaging REgistry (INSPIRE) who received reperfusion therapy, had pre-treatment multimodal CT, 24-h imaging, and 3 month outcomes were analyzed. Patients were divided into 3 cohorts: endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), intravenous thrombolysis alone with large vessel occlusion (IVT-LVO), and intravenous thrombolysis alone without LVO (IVT-nonLVO). Patients were classified using 6 separate mismatch criteria: PIM-using 3 different measures to define the perfusion deficit (Delay Time, Tmax, or Mean Transit Time); or CCM-mismatch between age-adjusted National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and CT Perfusion core, defined as relative cerebral blood flow &lt;30% within the perfusion deficit defined in three ways (as above). We assessed the eligibility rate for each mismatch criterion and its ability to identify patients likely to respond to treatment. There were 994 patients eligible for this study. PIM with delay time (PIM-DT) had the highest inclusion rate for both EVT (82.7%) and IVT-LVO (79.5%) cohorts. In PIM positive patients who received EVT, recanalization was strongly associated with achieving an excellent outcome at 90-days (e.g., PIM-DT: mRS 0-1, adjusted OR 4.27, P = 0.005), whereas there was no such association between reperfusion and an excellent outcome with any of the CCM criteria (all p &gt; 0.05). Notably, in IVT-LVO cohort, 58.2% of the PIM-DT positive patients achieved an excellent outcome compared with 31.0% in non-mismatch patients following successful recanalization (P = 0.006).Conclusion: PIM-DT was the optimal mismatch criterion in large vessel occlusion patients, combining a high eligibility rate with better clinical response to reperfusion. No mismatch criterion was useful to identify patients who are most likely response to reperfusion in non-large vessel occlusion patients.
Staging for Breast Cancer With Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes Metastasis: Utility of Incorporating Biologic Factors
Authors: Lian Chen-Lu , Zhang Hai-Yan , Wang Jun , Lei Jian , Hua Li , Chen Yong-Xiong , Wu San-Gang 
Published: January 2021

PurposeTo validate the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) pathological prognostic staging system for breast cancer patients with internal mammary lymph nodes (IMN) metastasis (N3b disease, stage IIIC in 7th AJCC anatomical staging).MethodsBreast cancer patients with IMN metastasis diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Chi-squared test, Log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox proportional hazard analysis were applied to statistical analysis.ResultsWe included 678 patients with N3b disease in this study. Overall, 68.4% of patients were downstaged to IIIA and IIIB diseases from the 7th anatomical staging to 8th pathological prognostic staging. The new pathological prognostic staging system had better discriminatory value on prognosis prediction among IMN-metastasized breast cancer patients, with a 5-year breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of 92.7, 77.4, and 66.0% in stage IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC diseases, respectively (P&lt;0.0001), and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates was 85.9, 72.1, and 58.7%, respectively (P&lt;0.0001). The results of the multivariate prognostic analysis showed that the new pathological prognostic staging was the independent prognosis related to BCSS and OS, the 8th AJCC pathological prognostic stages showed worse BCSS and OS with gradually increased hazard ratios.ConclusionThe 8th AJCC pathological prognostic staging system offers more refined prognostic stratification to IMN-metastasized breast cancer patients and endorses its use in routine clinical practice for this specific subgroup of breast cancer.
Does Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance of Prostate Outperform Risk Calculators in Predicting Prostate Cancer in Biopsy Naïve Patients?
Authors: Falagario Ugo Giovanni , Silecchia Giovanni , Bruno Salvatore Mariano , Di Nauta Michele , Auciello Mario , Sanguedolce Francesca , Milillo Paola , Macarini Luca , Selvaggio Oscar , Carrieri Giuseppe , Cormio Luigi 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundEuropean Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines recommend using risk-calculators (RCs), imaging or additional biomarkers in asymptomatic men at risk of prostate cancer (PCa).ObjectivesTo compare the performance of mpMRI, a RC we recently developed and two commonly used RC not including mpMRI in predicting the risk of PCa, as well as the added value of mpMRI to each RC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsSingle-center retrospective study evaluating 221 biopsy-naïve patients who underwent prebiopsy mpMRI.Outcome Measurements and Statistical AnalysisPatients’ probabilities of any PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPC, defined as Gleason-Score ≥3 + 4) were computed according to mpMRI, European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer RC (ERSPC-RC), the Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group RC (PBCG-RC) and the Foggia Prostate Cancer RC (FPC-RC). Logistic regression, AUC, and Decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the accuracy of tested models.Results and LimitationThe FPC-RC outperformed mpMRI in diagnosing both any PCa (AUC 0.76 vs 0.69) and csPCa (AUC 0.80 vs 0.75). Conversely mpMRI showed a higher accuracy in predicting any PCa compared to the PBCG-RC and the ERSPC-RC but similar performances in predicting csPCa. At multivariable analysis predicting csPCa and any PCa, the addition of mpMRI findings improved the accuracy of each calculator. DCA showed that the FPC-RC provided a greater net benefit than mpMRI and the other RCs. The addition of mpMRI findings improved the net benefit provided by each calculator.ConclusionsmpMRI was outperformed by the novel FPC-RC and showed similar performances compared to the PBCG and ERSPC RCs in predicting csPCa. The addition of mpMRI findings improved the diagnostic accuracy of each of these calculators
The Expiry of Humira® Market Exclusivity and the Entry of Adalimumab Biosimilars in Europe: An Overview of Pricing and National Policy Measures
Authors: Moorkens Evelien , Godman Brian , Huys Isabelle , Hoxha Iris , Malaj Admir , Keuerleber Simon , Stockinger Silvia , Mörtenhuber Sarah , Dimitrova Maria , Tachkov Konstantin , Vončina Luka , Palčevski Vera Vlahović , Achniotou Gnosia , Slabý Juraj , Popelková Leona , Kohoutová Kateřina , Bartels Dorthe , Laius Ott , Martikainen Jaana E. , Selke Gisbert W. , Kourafalos Vasileios , Magnússon Einar , Einarsdóttir Rannveig , Adams Roisín , Joppi Roberta , Allocati Eleonora , Jakupi Arianit , Viksna Anita , Greičiūtė-Kuprijanov Ieva , Vella Bonanno Patricia , Suttorp Vincent , Melien Øyvind , Plisko Robert , Mardare Ileana , Meshkov Dmitry , Novakovic Tanja , Fürst Jurij , Zara Corinne , Marković-Peković Vanda , Grubiša Nataša , Befrits Gustaf , Puckett Robert , Vulto Arnold G. 
Published: January 2021

Background: From October 2018, adalimumab biosimilars could enter the European market. However, in some countries, such as Netherlands, high discounts reported for the originator product may have influenced biosimilar entry.Objectives: The aim of this paper is to provide a European overview of (list) prices of originator adalimumab, before and after loss of exclusivity; to report changes in the reimbursement status of adalimumab products; and discuss relevant policy measures.Methods: Experts in European countries received a survey consisting of three parts: 1) general financing/co-payment of medicines, 2) reimbursement status and prices of originator adalimumab, and availability of biosimilars, and 3) policy measures related to the use of adalimumab.Results: In May 2019, adalimumab biosimilars were available in 24 of the 30 countries surveyed. Following introduction of adalimumab biosimilars, a number of countries have made changes in relation to the reimbursement status of adalimumab products. Originator adalimumab list prices varied between countries by a factor of 2.8 before and 4.1 after loss of exclusivity. Overall, list prices of originator adalimumab decreased after loss of exclusivity, although for 13 countries list prices were unchanged. When reported, discounts/rebates on originator adalimumab after loss of exclusivity ranged from 0% to approximately 26% (Romania), 60% (Poland), 80% (Denmark, Italy, Norway), and 80–90% (Netherlands), leading to actual prices per pen or syringe between €412 (Finland) and €50 – €99 (Netherlands). To leverage competition following entry of biosimilar adalimumab, only a few countries adopted measures specifically for adalimumab in addition to general policies regarding biosimilars. In some countries, a strategy was implemented even before loss of exclusivity (Denmark, Scotland), while others did not report specific measures.Conclusion: Even though originator adalimumab is the highest selling product in the world, few countries have implemented specific policies and practices for (biosimilar) adalimumab. Countries with biosimilars on the market seem to have competition lowering list or actual prices. Reported discounts varied widely between countries.
Tunable Fano Resonance and Enhanced Sensing in Terahertz Metamaterial
Authors: Wang Yun , Jia Shengyao , Qin Jianyuan 
Published: January 2021

Fano resonances in metamaterial are important due to their low-loss subradiant behavior that allows excitation of high quality (Q) factor resonances extending from the microwave to the optical bands. Fano resonances have recently showed their great potential in the areas of modulation, filtering, and sensing for their extremely narrow linewidths. However, the Fano resonances in a metamaterial system arise from the interaction of all that form the structure, limiting the tunability of the resonances. Besides, sensing trace analytes using Fano resonances are still challenging. In the present work, we demonstrate the excitation of Fano resonances in metamaterial consisting of a period array of two concentric double-split-ring resonators with symmetry breaking (position asymmetry and gaps asymmetry). The tunability and sensing of Fano resonances are both studied in detail. Introducing position asymmetry in the metamaterial leads to one Fano resonance located at 0.50 THz, while introducing gaps asymmetry results in two Fano resonances located at 0.35 THz and 0.50 THz. The transmittance, position, and linewidth of the three Fano resonances can be easily tuned by varying the asymmetry deviations. The Q factor and figure of merit (FoM) of Fano resonances with different asymmetry deviations are calculated for performance optimization. The Fano resonances having the highest FoM are used for the sensing of analytes at different refractive indices, and the Fano resonance performing the best in refractive index sensing is further applied to detect the analyte thickness. The results demonstrate that the tunable Fano resonances show tremendous potential in sensing applications, offering an approach to engineering highly efficient modulators and sensors.
Violence at School and Bullying in School Environments in Peru: Analysis of a Virtual Platform
Authors: Arhuis-Inca Wendy , Ipanaqué-Zapata Miguel , Bazalar-Palacios Janina , Quevedo-Calderón Nancy , Gaete Jorge 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundSchool violence and bullying are prevalent problems that affect health in general, especially through the development of emotional and behavioral problems, and can result in the deterioration of the academic performance of the student victim. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence rates of aggressive behaviors according to types of school violence and bullying, sociodemographic characteristics, and variation by department, region, and time in the period between 2014 and 2018 in Peru.MethodsThe design was observational and cross-sectional based on data from the Specialized System for Reporting Cases of School Violence (Sistema Especializado en Reporte de Casos sobre Violencia Escolar—SíseVe) in Peru, which covers a population of 23,641 students at the initial, primary, and secondary levels of Basic Regular Education [Educación Básica Regular (EBR)], for the 2014–2018 period. The prevalence rates of the different types of school violence and bullying, the sociodemographic characteristics, and the variation by department, region, and time in the period between 2014 and 2018 were estimated.ResultsPsychological violence/bullying occurred at higher prevalence rates (185.8 and 62.6 per 100,000 residents). Women from public institutions reported greater sexual violence, mostly by teachers (67.8%) than by other students (32.2%). The Selva region had the highest prevalence rate of sexual violence (10.1 per 100,000 residents). The departments of Tacna and Piura had the highest and lowest rates of psychological/verbal violence and bullying in 2018 (95.79 and 25.31 per 100,000 residents).ConclusionPsychological/verbal violence and bullying is highly prevalent among students; women report being victims of sexual violence by administrative personnel of public institutions. The Selva region had the highest rate of sexual violence, and Piura and Tacna had the highest and lowest rates of violence and psychological/verbal bullying. Based on these results, it is suggested to conduct evidence-based prevention programs in Peruvian schools to reduce these social problems.
The Mental Well-Being of Frontline Physicians Working in Civil Wars Under Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Conditions
Authors: Elhadi Muhammed , Msherghi Ahmed , Elgzairi Moutaz , Alhashimi Ayiman , Bouhuwaish Ahmad , Biala Marwa , Abuelmeda Seraj , Khel Samer , Khaled Ala , Alsoufi Ahmed , Elhadi Ahmed , BenGhatnsh Ahmed 
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective:Emergency medical physicians are regarded as essential frontline staff in combating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. These health-care workers are faced with significant stressors in addition to the usual stress felt in their regular work. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and burnout among emergency physicians on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic.Method:Using a cross-sectional study methodology, we surveyed physicians active on April 2020 to study depression and anxiety [using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)] and burnout [using the Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory (aMBI) scale].Results:A total of 154 emergency physicians completed the survey. We found that about 65.6% of patients were experiencing anxiety (based on a HADS score ≥ 11), and 73.4% were displaying depressive symptoms. For burnout, three subscales indicated that 67.5% endured emotional exhaustion, and 48.1% experienced depersonalization (defined as a score of ≥10 on aMBI). A total of 21.4% of respondents perceived a sense of personal underachievement, defined as a score of &lt;10 via aMBI.Conclusion:Physicians' psychological status is crucial and plays a major role in their well-being, affecting their work satisfaction. Therefore, implementing strategies aimed at decreasing the impact of stressful events is crucial to alleviate the distress experienced by physicians on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Open Abdomen Treatment in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Henn Jonas , Lingohr Philipp , Branchi Vittorio , Semaan Alexander , von Websky Martin W. , Glowka Tim R. , Kalff Jörg C. , Manekeller Steffen , Matthaei Hanno 
Published: January 2021

Background: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a heterogeneous and life-threatening disease. While recent guidelines recommend a stepwise approach starting with non-surgical techniques, emergency laparotomy remains inevitable in certain situations. Open abdomen treatment (OAT) may follow, potentially resulting in additional risks for severe morbidity. Causative factors and clinical impact of OAT in SAP are poorly understood and therefore issue of the present study.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients admitted to the Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery at University of Bonn suffering from acute pancreatitis (ICD K.85) between 2005 and 2020 was performed. Medical records were screened for demographic, clinical and outcome parameters. Patients who received primary fascial closure (PFC) were compared to those patients requiring OAT. SAP-specific scores were calculated, and data statistically analyzed (P = 0.05).Results: Among 430 patients included, 54 patients (13%) had to undergo emergency laparotomy for SAP. Patients were dominantly male (72%) with a median age of 51 years. Indications for surgery were infected necrosis (40%), suspected bowel perforation (7%), abdominal compartment syndrome (5%), and acute intra-abdominal hemorrhage (3%). While 22 patients (40%) had PFC within initial surgery, 33 patients (60%) required OAT including a median of 12 subsequent operations (SD: 6, range: 1–24). Compared to patients with PFC, patients in the OAT group had significantly fewer biliary SAP (P = 0.031), higher preoperative leukocyte counts (P = 0.017), higher rates of colon resections (P = 0.048), prolonged ICU stays (P = 0.0001), and higher morbidity according to Clavien–Dindo Classification (P = 0.002). Additionally, BISAP score correlated positively with the number of days spent at ICU and morbidity (P = 0.001 and P = 0.000002). Both groups had equal mortality rates.Discussion: Our data suggest that preoperative factors in surgically treated SAP may indicate the need for OAT. The procedure itself appears safe with equal hospitalization days and mortality rates compared to patients with PFC. However, OAT may significantly increase morbidity through longer ICU stays and more bowel resections. Thus, minimally invasive options should be promoted for an uncomplicated and rapid recovery in this severe disease. Emergency laparotomy will remain ultima ratio in SAP while patient selection seems to be crucial for improved clinical outcomes.
Довіра в дискурсі державного управління
Authors: Knyazeva O. V.  
Published: January 2021

Програми адміністративної реформи в Україні часто стикаються з проблемою підвищення довіри до органів державного управління. Проте розпливчаста концепція довіри часто призводить до суперечливого наукового дискурсу і відсутності практичних рекомендацій, спрямованих на те, щоб поліпшити довіру. У статті проаналізовано підходи та концепції, які насамперед дозволяють зрозуміти, що насправді означає довіра в контексті державного управління, оцінити практичну цінність та ефекти довіри щодо державного управління.
Природно-ресурсний потенціал України та особливості публічного регулювання його збереження та розвитку
Authors: Biryukov V. V.  
Published: January 2021

Україна володіє потужним природно-ресурсним потенціалом для ведення та розвитку національного господарства, має різноманітну мінерально-сировинну базу для функціонування галузей промисловості, характеризується добрими природно-кліматичними умовами, що в сукупності створює можливості сприятливого інвестиційного клімату та позиціонування країни на світовому ринку, що дає можливість для розвитку сталого соціально-економічного розвитку України з урахуванням технологій ресурсозбереження і раціонального природокористування.
Соціально-економічний розвиток держави і суспільства повинен бути спрямований на створення системи стимулювання збереження та раціонального використання природного ресурсу з відновленням його природних властивостей. Вдосконалення нормативно-правової бази з чітким та зрозумілим розмежування повноважень на всіх рівнях державної влади (національному, регіональному, місцевому) дасть можливість забезпечити невиснажливе використання природних ресурсів та ефективного розвитку продуктивних сил.
Kontribusi T.M Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy Dalam Pengembangan Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir Di Indonesia
Authors: Faisal Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Kajian terhadap pengembangan Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir di Indonesia memiliki kemajuan yang sangat pesat dari abad ke abad. Banyak kitab tafsir karya ulama Nusantara yang telah hadir hingga sampai sekarang ini. Dalam sejarah pengembangan Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan tafsir tercatat nama T.M Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy, sosok yang sangat fenomenal dikarenakan banyaknya karya-karya beliau termasuk Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir. Karya beliau yaitu Sejarah dan Pengantar Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir, Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an (Ulumul Quran) serta Kitab Tafsir Al-Qur’an Majid An-Nur dan Kitab Tafsir al-Bayan merupakan karya-karya beliau yang sangat fenomenal hingga terus dikaji sampai sekarang ini. Penelitian ini bersifat kepustakaan (Library Research) yang bersifat kualitatif., kemudian metode yang diterapkan pada pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah metode dokumentasi. Tahapan mengolah data dan menganalisa data yang sudah dikumpulkan, penulis menggunakan metode diskriptif analisis. Dari hasil penelitian penulis menunjukkan bahwa sosok Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy merupakan ulama dan cendikiawan yang sangat berkontribusi besar dalam pengembangan Studi Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan tafsir di Indonesia. Ini dibuktikan dengan hadirnya karyakarya beliau yaitu sejarah dan pengantar Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir,Ilmu-ilmu Al-Qur’an, serta kitab tafsir Al-Qur’an Majid An-Nur dan Kitab Tafsir al-Bayan. Dan terus dijadikan rujukan penelitian dan pengembangan studi ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Tafsir di Indonesia sampai sekarang.
Metode Pemahaman Hadist Menurut Muhammad Al-Ghazali
Authors: Suardi Didi 
Published: January 2021

Hadist sebagai sumber pokok ajaran Islam yang kedua setelah al-Qur`an. Untuk memahaminya secara mendalam dibutuhkan kajian secara komprehensif dengan metode dan pendekatan yang benar agar mampu menangkap maksud dan kandungan dalam sebuah hadist. Sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman, para ulama kontemporer terus mencoba memahami sebuah hadist dengan metode pemahaman mereka masing-masing. Di antara ulama kontemporer tersebut yaitu Muhammad al-Ghazali. Muhammad al-Ghazali menawarkan beberapa metode untuk memahami hadist Nabi Muhammad SAW.
Metode pemahaman hadist dan implementasinya yang dikemukakan oleh Muhammad al-Ghazali telah memberi kontribusi yang cukup besar dalam menjawab berbagai persoalan umat Islam saat ini. Metode pemahaman hadist yang ditawarkan oleh Muhammad al-Ghazali dalam kitabnya as-Sunnah an-Nabawiyah dimana sebuah hadist harus diukur berdasarkan 4 (empat) kriteria keshahihan matan hadist, Pertama: Matan hadist harus sesuai dengan al-Qur`an, Kedua: Matan hadist harus sesuai hadist shahih lainnya, Ketiga: Matan hadist harus sesuai dengan fakta sejarah, dan Keempat: Matan hadist harus sesuai dengan kebenaran Ilmiah. Artinya setiap hadist yang bertentangan dengan prinsip ajaran al-Quran, fakta sejarah dan kebenaran ilmiah menurutnya ditolak.