bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manuelle Medizin, manuelle Therapie
Authors: Locher Hermann 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungManuelle Medizin ist die medizinische Disziplin, die sich umfassend mit Diagnose, Therapie und Prävention reversibler Funktionsstörungen am Bewegungsorgan und anderen damit verbundenen Organsystemen befasst. Der Beitrag beleuchtet neuroanatomische und -physiologische Grundelemente der Wirkungsweisen manualmedizinischer Diagnostik und Therapie. Anhand neuester Literatur und Betrachtung verschiedener wissenschaftlicher Leitlinien wird die evidenzbasierte Wirksamkeit manualmedizinischer Verfahren dargestellt, im Einzelnen: akute und chronische Lumbalgie, zervikogener Kopfschmerz, Schulter- und Nackenschmerzen, radikulärer Armschmerz, dysfunktionelle thorakale Schmerzsyndrome, Erkrankungen der Rotatorenmanschette, Karpaltunnelsyndrom und Plantarfasziitis. Fallbeispiele veranschaulichen die klinische Vorgehensweise. Die Begrifflichkeit, die Provenienz und die klinische Präsenz der „Osteopathie“ werden ausführlich gewürdigt, und die nationalen und internationalen Vereinigungen und Gesellschaften der manuellen Medizin (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Manuelle Medizin [DGMM], European Scientific Society of Manual Medicine [ESSOMM], Fédération Internationale de Medicine Manuelle [FIMM]) werden lexikalisch dargestellt. Abschließend finden sich Kontraindikationen und ein Ausblick auf die Erfordernisse und Möglichkeiten der wissenschaftlichen Schmerzanalyse, wie sie in der Präambel der Leitlinie „Spezifischer Kreuzschmerz“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Orthopädische Chirurgie (DGOOC) postuliert werden.
Diagnosis and management of non-clonal erythrocytosis remains challenging: a single centre clinical experience
Authors: Anžej Doma Saša , Drnovšek Eva , Kristan Aleša , Fink Martina , Sever Matjaž , Podgornik Helena , Belčič Mikič Tanja , Debeljak Nataša , Preložnik Zupan Irena 
Published: May 2021

AbstractErythrocytosis has a diverse background. While polycythaemia vera has well defined criteria, the diagnostic approach and management of other types of erythrocytosis are more challenging. The aim of study was to retrospectively analyse the aetiology and management of non-clonal erythrocytosis patients referred to a haematology outpatient clinic in an 8-year period using a 3-step algorithm. The first step was inclusion of patients with Hb > 185 g/L and/or Hct > 0.52 in men and Hb > 165 g/L and/or Hct > 0.48 in women on two visits ≥ two months apart, thus confirming true erythrocytosis. Secondly, polycythaemia vera was excluded and secondary causes of erythrocytosis (SE) identified. Thirdly, idiopathic erythrocytosis patients (IE) were referred to next-generation sequencing for possible genetic background evaluation. Of the 116 patients, 75 (65%) are men and 41 (35%) women, with non-clonal erythrocytosis 34/116 (29%) had SE, 15/116 (13%) IE and 67/116 (58%) stayed incompletely characterized (ICE). Patients with SE were significantly older and had significantly higher Hb and Hct compared to patients with IE. Most frequently, SE was attributed to obstructive sleep apnoea and smoking. Phlebotomies were performed in 56, 53 and 40% of patients in the SE, IE, and ICE group, respectively. Approx. 70% of patients in each group received aspirin. Thrombotic events were registered in 12, 20 and 15% of SE, IE and ICE patients, respectively. Congenital erythrocytosis type 4 (ECYT4) was diagnosed in one patient. The study demonstrates real-life management of non-clonal erythrocytosis which could be optimized using a 3-step diagnostic algorithm.
MRI in head and neck cancer following chemoradiotherapy: what is the optimal delay to demonstrate maximal response?
Authors: Connor S. E. J. , Burd C. , Sivarasan N. , Goh V. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the optimal timing for post-chemoradiotherapy (CRT) reference magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in head and neck cancer, so as to demonstrate a maximal treatment response. To assess whether this differs in human papillomavirus–related oropharyngeal cancer (HPV-OPC) and whether the MRI timing impacts on the ability to predict treatment success.

Methods
Following ethical approval and informed consent, 45 patients (40 male, mean age 59.7 ± 7.9 years, 33 HPV-OPC) with stage 3 and 4 HNSCC underwent pre-treatment, 6- and 12-week post-CRT MRIs in this prospective cohort study. Primary tumour (n = 39) size, T2w morphology and diffusion weight imaging (DWI) scores, together with nodal (n = 42) size and necrotic/cystic change, were recorded. Interval imaging changes were analysed for all patients and according to HPV-OPC status. MRI descriptors and their interval changes were also compared with 2-year progression-free survival (PFS).

Results
All MRI descriptors significantly changed between pre-treatment and 6-week post-treatment MRI studies (p < .001). Primary tumour and nodal volume decreased between 6- and 12-week studies; however, interval changes in linear dimensions were only evident for HPV-OPC lymph nodes. Nodal necrosis scores also evolved after 6 weeks but other descriptors were stable. The 6-week nodal necrosis score and the 6- and 12-week nodal volume were predictive of 2-year PFS.

Conclusion
Apart from HPV-OPC patients with nodal disease, the 6-week post-CRT MRI demonstrates maximal reduction in the linear dimensions of head and neck cancer; however, a later reference study should be considered if volumetric analysis is applied.

Key Points
• This study provides guidance on when early post-treatment imaging should be performed in head and neck cancer following chemoradiotherapy, in order to aid subsequent detection of recurrent tumour.
• Lymph nodes in HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer patients clearly reduced in size from 6 to 12 weeks post-treatment. However, other lymph node disease and all primary tumours showed only a minor reduction in size beyond 6 weeks, and this required a detailed volumetric analysis for demonstration.
• Timing of the reference MRI following chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer depends on whether the patient has HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer and whether there is nodal disease. MRI as early as 6 weeks post-treatment may be performed unless volumetric analysis is routinely performed.
Endometrial delay is found to be part of a normal individual dynamic transformation process
Authors: Alfer Joachim , Popovici Roxana M. , Fattahi Amir , Krieg Jürgen , Dittrich Ralf , Beckmann Matthias W. , Hartmann Arndt , Bleisinger Nathalie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Limited information is clinically available concerning endometrial receptivity; assessing endometrial transformation status is therefore an urgent topic in assisted reproductive technology. This study aimed to investigate individual endometrial transformation rates during the secretory phase in subfertile patients using personal endometrial transformation analysis.

Methods
Monitoring was carried out during the secretory phase to obtain endometrial receptivity profiles. For the investigation, two endometrial biopsies were taken within one menstrual cycle. The extended endometrial dating was based on the Noyes criteria, combined with immunohistochemical analyses of hormone receptors and proliferation marker Ki-67. Biopsies were taken mainly at days ovulation (OV, n = 76)/hormone replacement therapy (HRT, n = 58) + 5 and + 10.

Results
The results of the two biopsies were correlated with the clinically expected day of the cycle and showed temporal delays or hypercompensations, diverging from the expected cycle days by 0.5–5 days. In comparison with the first biopsies, the transformation rate in the second biopsies showed compensation, augmented delay, or constant transformation in 48.69, 22.37, and 28.94% of cases for ovulation in natural cycles and 56.89, 25.85, and 17.26% for HRT cycles, respectively.

Conclusion
The study revealed an individually dynamic transformation process of the endometrium, with the ability to compensate or enlarge an initial “delay”, which is now identified as a normal individual transformation process during the secretory phase. This information is of great importance for the scientific investigation of dynamic changes in endometrial tissue, as well as for the timing of embryo transfers.
Metabolic instability vs fibre recruitment contribution to the $${\dot{V}O_2}$$ slow component in different exercise intensity domains
Authors: Colosio Alessandro L , Caen Kevin , Bourgois Jan G. , Boone Jan , Pogliaghi Silvia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study focused on the steady-state phase of exercise to evaluate the relative contribution of metabolic instability (measured with NIRS and haematochemical markers) and muscle activation (measured with EMG) to the oxygen consumption ($${\dot{V}O_2}$$

V
˙

O
2

) slow component ($${\dot{V}O_2}{_s}{_c}$$

V
˙

O
2

s

c

) in different intensity domains. We hypothesized that (i) after the transient phase, $${\dot{V}O_2}$$

V
˙

O
2

, metabolic instability and muscle activation tend to increase differently over time depending on the relative exercise intensity and (ii) the increase in $${\dot{V}O_2}{_s}{_c}$$

V
˙

O
2

s

c

is explained by a combination of metabolic instability and muscle activation. Eight active men performed a constant work rate trial of 9 min in the moderate, heavy and severe intensity domains. $${\dot{V}O_2}$$

V
˙

O
2

, root mean square by EMG (RMS), deoxyhaemoglobin by NIRS ([HHb]) and haematic markers of metabolic stability (i.e. [La−], pH, HCO3−) were measured. The physiological responses in different intensity domains were compared by two-way RM-ANOVA. The relationships between the increases of [HHb] and RMS with $${\dot{V}O_2}$$

V
˙

O
2

after the third min were compared by simple and multiple linear regressions. We found domain-dependent dynamics over time of $${\dot{V}O_2}$$

V
˙

O
2

, [HHb], RMS and the haematic markers of metabolic instability. After the transient phase, the rises in [HHb] and RMS showed medium–high correlations with the rise in $${\dot{V}O_2}$$

V
˙

O
2

([HHb] r = 0.68, p < 0.001; RMS r = 0.59, p = 0.002). Moreover, the multiple linear regression showed that both metabolic instability and muscle activation concurred to the $${\dot{V}O_2}{_s}{_c}$$

V
˙

O
2

s

c

(r = 0.75, [HHb] p = 0.005, RMS p = 0.042) with metabolic instability possibly having about threefold the relative weight compared to recruitment. Seventy-five percent of the dynamics of the $${\dot{V}O_2}{_s}{_c}$$

V
˙

O
2

s

c

was explained by [HHb] and RMS.
Evidence of active magmatic rifting at the Ma’Alalta volcanic field (Afar, Ethiopia)
Authors: Tortelli Gianmaria , Gioncada Anna , Pagli Carolina , Rosi Mauro , De Dosso Laura , Keir Derek 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDuring continental rifting, strain and magmatism are believed to localize to narrow magmatic segments, while the rift margin is progressively abandoned. We integrate volcanological, geochemical, petrological and seismic data from the Ma’Alalta volcanic field (MVF) near the western margin of Afar, to show that the MVF is an active magmatic segment. Magmatism in MVF initiated with lava flows and large-volume, caldera-forming ignimbrites from a central edifice. However, the most recent magmatic activity shifted towards mafic lava fields, cinder cones and obsidian-rich silicic domes erupted from vents aligned NNW-SSE, defining a ~ 35-km-long magmatic segment. Along the same area, a NNW-SSE alignment of earthquakes was recorded by two local seismic networks (2005–2009 and 2011–2013). The geochemistry of the mafic rocks is similar to those of nearby axial volcanoes. Inferred magma storage depth from mineral geobarometry shows that a shallow, silicic chamber existed at ~ 5-km depth below the stratovolcano, while a stacked plumbing system with at least three magma storage levels between 9 and 24 km depth fed the recent basalts. We interpret the wide set of observations from the MVF as evidence that the area is an active magmatic segment, showing that localised axial extension can be heavily offset towards the rift margin.
Cyber sickness in low-immersive, semi-immersive, and fully immersive virtual reality
Authors: Martirosov Sergo , Bureš Marek , Zítka Tomáš 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is known that virtual reality (VR) experience may cause cyber sickness. One aspect of VR is an immersion or otherwise sense of presence, the sense of feeling oneself in a virtual world. In this paper an experiment which was conducted in order to find the link between level of immersion and cyber sickness felt by participants is presented. Eighty-nine participants aged between 19 and 36 years have been equally divided into four groups with different level of VR immersion. The low-immersive group was represented by PC with monoscopic screen, the semi-immersive group was represented by CAVE with stereoscopic projector, the fully immersive group was represented by VR head-mounted display, and the last group was the control group without any kind of immersion. The task for the participants was to navigate through the maze for a specified amount of time (10 min). The Simulator Sickness Questionnaire was used as a subjective measure tool for cyber sickness level and Grooved Pegboard Test for assessing the fine dexterity, both before and after the experiment. Regarding the time spend in VR the fully immersive environment had the biggest problems as more than half of the participants had to stop before 10 min (p < 0.001). Concerning the cyber sickness, the significant increase in nausea score between pre-test and post-test scores has been observed in semi-immersive group (p = 0.0018) and fully immersive group (p < 0.0001). The increase in oculomotor score was smaller. The significant difference was noted only in fully immersive group (p = 0.0449). In spite of great nausea factor after the VR immersion the participants did not show a decrease of fine dexterity in any group (p < 0.001).
Nonlinear dynamic responses of sandwich functionally graded porous cylindrical shells embedded in elastic media under 1:1 internal resonance
Authors: Liu Yunfei , Qin Zhaoye , Chu Fulei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this article, the nonlinear dynamic responses of sandwich functionally graded (FG) porous cylindrical shell embedded in elastic media are investigated. The shell studied here consists of three layers, of which the outer and inner skins are made of solid metal, while the core is FG porous metal foam. Partial differential equations are derived by utilizing the improved Donnell’s nonlinear shell theory and Hamilton’s principle. Afterwards, the Galerkin method is used to transform the governing equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and an approximate analytical solution is obtained by using the multiple scales method. The effects of various system parameters, specifically, the radial load, core thickness, foam type, foam coefficient, structure damping, and Winkler-Pasternak foundation parameters on nonlinear internal resonance of the sandwich FG porous thin shells are evaluated.
Frequency and Correlates of Fathers' Accommodation in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Alcan Ena , Anderson Tess , Lebowitz Eli R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPrevious studies investigating family accommodation (FA) in pediatric anxiety disorders have primarily relied on mothers' reports, while data on FA by fathers remains scarce. We examined the frequency and correlates of fathers' FA of anxious children and compared fathers’ and mothers’ reports of FA. Participants were 69 parents of treatment-seeking children and adolescents with a primary anxiety disorder. FA was highly prevalent amongst fathers, with the majority of fathers participating in symptom-related behaviors and modifying family routines due to child anxiety. Fathers' accommodation levels were significantly correlated with fathers' reports of child internalizing symptoms, child externalizing symptoms, and fathers' own anxiety symptoms. Fathers’ and mothers’ reports of FA were moderately correlated, whereas their reports of their respective distress related to the need to accommodate were only weakly correlated. Fathers reported a significantly lower frequency of FA than did mothers. These findings highlight the importance of obtaining reports from both fathers and mothers when assessing FA. Results are particularly relevant to family-focused and parent-based interventions designed to address and reduce FA amongst parents of clinically anxious children.
Linke Außenpolitik – einige Überlegungen
Authors: Bartsch Dietmar 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Zentrum der außenpolitischen Agenda der Partei DIE LINKE steht der Gedanke, dass die kooperative Bearbeitung von Interessenskonflikten und globalen Problemen eine stabile Völkerrechtsordnung voraussetzt. Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert daher ausgewählte Staatenorganisationen bezüglich ihrer Eignung für eine kooperative Praxis.
Multilateral für die EU als Friedensmacht, für Klimaschutz und Demokratie
Authors: Nouripour Omid 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag argumentiert, dass die Herausforderungen dieser Zeit, wie der Klimawandel, nur in multilateraler Zusammenarbeit gemeistert werden können. Die zentralen Orte der Zusammenarbeit bleiben für Deutschland die EU und die UN. Die EU muss ihre strategische Souveränität in den kommenden Jahren stärken und entschiedener den Wettbewerb im Rahmen der systemischen Rivalität mit Akteuren wie China und Russland führen. Geleitet werden sollte sie dabei von der Handlungsmaxime: selbstbewusste Kooperationsbereitschaft, wo immer möglich, und eigenständigem Handeln, wo immer nötig.
Feasibility and safety of robotic-assisted total pancreatectomy: a pilot western series
Authors: Kauffmann Emanuele F. , Napoli Niccolò , Genovese Valerio , Ginesini Michael , Gianfaldoni Cesare , Vistoli Fabio , Amorese Gabriella , Boggi Ugo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study was designed to demonstrate non-inferiority of robot-assisted total pancreatectomy (RATP) to open total pancreatectomy (OPT) based on an intention-to-treat analysis, having occurrence of severe post-operative complications (SPC) as primary study endpoint. The two groups were matched (2:1) by propensity scores. Assuming a rate of SPC of 22.5% (non-inferiority margin: 15%; α: 0.05; β: 0.20; power: 80%), a total of 25 patients were required per group. During the study period (October 2008–December 2019), 209 patients received a total pancreatectomy. After application of exclusion and inclusion criteria, matched groups were extracted from an overall cohort of 132 patients (OPT: 107; RATP: 25). Before matching, the two groups were different with respect to prevalence of cardiac disease (24.3% versus 4.0%; p = 0.03), presence of jaundice (45.8% versus 12.0%; p = 0.002), presence of a biliary drainage (23.4% versus 0; p  = 0.004), history of weight loss (28.0% versus 8.0%; p = 0.04), and vein involvement (55.1% versus 28.0%) (p = 0.03). After matching, the two groups (OTP: 50; RATP: 25) were well balanced. Regarding primary study endpoint, SPC developed in 13 patients (26.0%) after OTP and in 6 patients (24.0%) after RATP (p = 0.85). Regarding secondary study endpoints, RATP was associated with longer median operating times [475 (408.8–582.5) versus 585 min (525–637.5) p = 0.003]. After a median follow-up time of 23.7 months (10.4–71), overall survival time [22.6 (11.2–81.2) versus NA (27.3–NA) p = 0.006] and cancer-specific survival [22.6 (11.2–NA) versus NA (27.3–NA) p = 0.02] were improved in patients undergoing RATP. In carefully selected patients, robot-assisted total pancreatectomy is non-inferior to open total pancreatectomy regarding occurrence of severe post-operative complications.
Ressource oder Belastung?
Authors: Bruns Marike , Küth Simon , Scholl Daniel , Schüle Christoph 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungFür viele angehende Lehrkräfte stellt der Einstieg in den Lehrer/innenberuf ein normativ-kritisches Lebensereignis dar, das mit einer erhöhten Beanspruchung einhergehen kann. Um diesen Einstieg – unter anderem hinsichtlich des Beanspruchungserlebens – zu erleichtern, wurde in Deutschland flächendeckend das Praxissemester in das Lehramtsstudium eingeführt, in dem Studierende bei ihren Unterrichtsversuchen von erfahrenen Mentor/innen begleitet werden. Anders als beabsichtigt scheint das Mentoring im Praxissemester aber nicht ausschließlich beanspruchungsabpuffernde Effekte zu haben, sondern ebenfalls beanspruchungsinduzierend wirken zu können. Um diesen differentiellen Effekt des Mentorings aufzuklären, wird im Kontext der allgemeinen Belastungs- und Beanspruchungsmodelle für den Lehrer/innenberuf und aus der Perspektive der Selbstbestimmungstheorie angenommen, dass die Beziehungsform zwischen Mentees und Mentor/innen, wie sie sich unter anderem im transmissiven und konstruktivistischen Mentoring zeigt, einen Effekt auf die positiven und negativen Beanspruchungsreaktionen der Mentees hat, der über die wahrgenommene Basic-Need-Satisfaction vermittelt wird. Zur Untersuchung dieser Annahme wurden 177 Lehramtsstudierende im Praxissemester zu zwei Messzeitpunkten gebeten, sowohl ihre negativen Beanspruchungsreaktionen in Form ihrer emotionalen Erschöpfung als auch ihre positiven Beanspruchungsreaktionen in Form des beruflichen Enthusiasmus einzuschätzen. Außerdem wurde die Basic-Need-Satisfaction der angehenden Lehrkräfte zu beiden Messzeitpunkten sowie das transmissive und konstruktivistische Mentoring aus der Perspektive der Mentees zum zweiten Messzeitpunkt erfasst. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen den angenommenen Mediationseffekt teilweise. So vermittelt zwar die Veränderung der Basic-Need-Satisfaction den Zusammenhang zwischen beiden Mentoringformen und der Veränderung des beruflichen Enthusiasmus vollständig, allerdings zeigt die Veränderung der Basic-Need-Satisfaction keinen Effekt auf die Veränderung der emotionalen Erschöpfung, die ihrerseits jedoch direkt durch das konstruktivistische und transmissive Mentoring vorhergesagt wird.
Targeted micronutrition for allergic patients—possible applications of a food for special medical purposes
Authors: Bergmann Christoph , Ehmann Rainer , Jordakieva Galateja , Koehler Hans-Joerg , Straub Dirk , Untersmayr Eva , Dollner Ralph , Sperl Annette 
Published: May 2021

SummaryA novel and recently launched food for special medical purposes was discussed by a multidisciplinary expert panel as an option for allergic patients. The newly developed lozenge contains the whey protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) as well as the micronutrients iron, zinc and vitamin A. BLG loaded with ligands (holo-BLG) is discussed as one factor of the allergy-protective farm effect in numerous scientific studies. Further studies reveal that holo-BLG shuttles its ligands specifically to immune cells, where it balances the specific nutrient demand and can thus lead to immune resilience. Based on the scientific background, the experts see a broad range of possible applications for holo-BLG in the form of a lozenge, for example in patients suffering from multiple allergies, with sensitisation to rare allergens (including occupational allergens), tree pollen-associated food allergies or in general difficult treatment situations (e.g. allergies to animal dander or refusal of allergen immunotherapy). The expert panel describes the holo-BLG lozenge as an innovative and additional option for allergic patients.