bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association of Estrogen Receptor Activity, Interferon Signaling, and MHC Class I Expression in Breast Cancer
Authors: Song In Hye , Kim Young-Ae , Heo Sun-Hee , Bang Won Seon , Park Hye Seon , Choi Yeon ho , Lee Heejae , Seo Jeong-Han , Cho Youngjin , Jung Sung Wook , Kim Hee Jeong , Ahn Sei Hyun , Lee Hee Jin , Gong Gyungyub 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) has previously been reported to be negatively associated with estrogen receptor (ER) expression. Furthermore, the expression of MHC I, level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and expression of interferon (IFN) mediator MxA are positively associated with one another in human breast cancers. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of association of MHC I with estrogen and IFN signaling. Methods: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-ABC protein expression was analyzed in breast cancer cell lines. The expressions of HLA-A and MxA mRNAs were analyzed in MCF-7 cells in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data. ER and HLA-ABC expressions and TIL levels in tumor tissue were also analyzed in ER+/ human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)- breast cancer patients who randomly received either neoadjuvant chemotherapy or estrogen modulator treatment following surgical resection. Results: HLA-ABC protein expression was decreased after β-estradiol treatment or hESR-GFP transfection and increased after fulvestrant or IFN-γ treatment in breast cancer cell lines. In GEO data, HLA-A and MxA expression was increased after ESR1 shRNA transfection. When comparing the two patient groups, ER Allred score was significantly lower and the HLA-ABC expression and TIL levels were significantly higher in the estrogen modulator treated group than the chemotherapy treated group. Conclusion: MHC I expression and TIL levels might be affected by ER pathway modulation and IFN treatment. Further studies elucidating the mechanism of MHC I regulation could suggest a way to boost TIL influx in cancer in a clinical setting.
Crystallite fusion in nanocellulose aggregates
Authors: Daicho Kazuho , Kobayashi Kayoko , Fujisawa Shuji , Saito Tsuguyuki 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Crystallite refers to a single crystalline grain in crystal aggregates, and multiple crystallites form a grain boundary or the inter-crystallite interface. A grain boundary is a structural defect that hinders the efficient directional transfer of mechanical stress or thermal phonons in crystal aggregates. We observed that grain boundaries within an aggregate of a-few-nanometers-wide fibrillar crystallites of wood cellulose were crystallized by enhancing their inter-crystallite interactions; multiple crystallites were coupled into single fusion crystals without passing through a melting or dissolving state. Accordingly, the crystallinity of wood cellulose, which has been considered irreversible once decreased, was significantly enhanced, and the thermal energy transfer in the aggregate was improved. Other fibrillar crystallites of crab shell chitin also showed a similar fusion phenomenon by enhancing the inter-crystallite interactions. These findings imply that such crystallite fusion naturally occurs in biological structures with network skeletons of aggregated fibrillar crystallites.
The Face of Hypervirulent Klebsiella Pneumoniae (hvKp) Isolated from Clinical samples of Two Iranian Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Sanikhani Rahimeh , Moeinirad Mohammad , Solgi Hamid , Hadadi Azar , Shahcheraghi Fereshteh , Badmasti Farzad 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has emerged as a pathogen of global concern. In this study, both phenotypic and genotypic tests were used to detect hvKp. Antimicrobial resistance profiles and clonal relatedness of clinical isolates were also determined. We found that 62.6% of the isolates were tellurite resistant and among them iucA or iutA or peg344 as hvKp molecular markers, were positive. The blaSHV (81.4%), followed by blaCTX−M15 (75.5%) and blaTEM (67.6%), blaOXA−48 (33.7%), blaNDM−1 (32.3%) were detected, while blaKPC−1 was not present in any hvKp isolates. It was found that the majority of hvKp isolates belonged to capsular serotype K20 and ompK36 group C, which is related to CG23 (e.g. ST23). A high percentage of multidrug-resistant hvKp (MDR-hvKp) and high resistance to imipenem (66%) indicated that there is an urgent problem that should be addressed in the clinical settings.
Clinical Outcomes Of Beveled Tip, Ultra-High Speed, 25-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy System
Authors: UY HARVEY S. , CABAHUG VICENTE LORENZO O. , ARTIAGA JOSE CARLO M. , CHAN PIK SHA , FAMADICO JORDAN T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To report clinical outcomes of a 25-gauge, beveled-tip, 10000 cuts-per-minute (cpm) microincisional vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) system.
METHODS
Prospective case series of eyes undergoing primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for common indications. Main outcome measures were: rate of achieving surgical objectives, operative time, number of surgical steps, use of ancillary instruments, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and adverse events (AE).
RESULTS
Surgical objectives were achieved in all eyes. Mean total operative, core, shave and total vitrectomy times were 1891 ± 890, 204 ± 120, 330 ± 320, 534 ± 389 seconds, respectively. Mean number of surgical steps was 4.3 ± 1.5. Mean number of ancillary instruments used was 4.5 ± 1.9. Mean CDVA improved by 0.53 ± 0.56 logMAR units (P < 0.001) after 3 months. Postoperative AE included elevated IOP (8%), hypotony (6%), and re-detachment (2%). Majority (82%) had no postoperative discomfort.
CONCLUSION
Beveled-tip, 10000 cpm MIVS system effectively and safely performs common vitreoretinal procedures and may reduce operative time and ancillary instrumentation.
Distribution Pattern of Macrobenthic Organisms In A Tropical Monsoon Influenced Port, New Mangalore, India
Authors: Atchuthan Purushothaman , Desai Dattesh Vithoba , Anil Arga Chandrashekar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Study was carried out to understand the impact of natural and anthropogenic impacts on the macrobenthic organisms at the New Mangalore port, influenced by south-west monsoon located along the south-west coast of India. Soft bottom macrobenthos are the group of highly diverse benthic invertebrates in the coastal regions. The spatio-temporal variation in their abundance and diversity was observed along with the variations in the water column and sediment characteristics. Among the 61 taxa of macrobenthos reported, 41 belonged to the polychaetes. The organic carbon levels of >2% supported higher abundance of deposit feeders. A correlation in the abundance of polychaetes and sediment characteristics along with dissolved oxygen and pore water nutrients was observed. A shift in the community of macrobenthic species in response to environmental parameters was observed with the change in the season. During post-monsoon I, Prionospio sp., was dominant , whereas during pre-monsoon the amphipod, Ampelisca sp. was dominant. The abundance of opportunistic polychaetes, Prionospio sp., Cossura sp., and Tharyx filibranchia varied with the seasons indicating a change in the habitat characteristics during different seasons. The occurrence and dominance of macrobenthic speceis was influenced by the physical processes mainly governed by the exchange of seawater between the port and the Arabian sea. The stations located in the high circulation area showed higher seasonal variation in the macrobenthic community indicating pivotal role of local hydrodynamics on macrobenthic organisms. The occurrence of opportunistic species inside the port demonstrate the role of anthropogenic stress in structuring the macrobenthic community.
Using structurally fungible biosensors to evolve improved alkaloid biosyntheses
Authors: d'Oelsnitz Simon , Kim Wantae , Burkholder Nathaniel , Javanmardi Kamyab , Thyer Ross , Zhang Yan , Alper Hal , Ellington Andrew 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A key bottleneck in the microbial production of therapeutic plant metabolites is identifying enzymes that can greatly improve yield. The facile identification of genetically encoded biosensors can overcome this limitation and become part of a general method for engineering scaled production. We have developed a unique combined screening and selection approach that quickly refines the affinities and specificities of generalist transcription factors, and using RamR as a starting point we evolve highly specific (>100-fold preference) and sensitive (EC50 <30 μM) biosensors for the alkaloids tetrahydropapaverine, papaverine, glaucine, rotundine, and noscapine. High resolution structures reveal multiple evolutionary avenues for the fungible effector binding site, and the creation of new pockets for different chemical moieties. These sensors further enabled the evolution of a streamlined pathway for tetrahydropapaverine, an immediate precursor to four modern pharmaceuticals, collapsing multiple methylation steps into a single evolved enzyme. Our methods for evolving biosensors now enable the rapid engineering of pathways for therapeutic alkaloids.
Comparative Efficacy of Intravitreal Triamcinolone and Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant for Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Kerley Madison , Barr Charles C. , Wang Wei , Sigford Douglas K. , Kaplan Henry J. , Sandhu Harpal Singh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the efficacy, adverse effects, and treatment burden of two injectable corticosteroids, triamcinolone acetonide (Kenalog® or Triesence®) and the dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex®), for treating diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: This was a retrospective review at a single tertiary care center. Eyes treated with either intravitreal triamcinolone two mg (IVTA) or the intravitreal dexamethasone 0.7 mg implant for center-involving DME and with follow up of at least six months were included. Main outcomes were visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), IOP medication use, central macular thickness (CMT), and time to next treatment of any kind.Results: There were 24 eyes in the IVTA group and 15 eyes in the dex group. Baseline mean VA was 20/60 (range 20/30-20/800) in the IVTA group and 20/35 (range 20/20-20/100) in the dex group (p=0.0011). Only the subgroup of pseudophakic IVTA patients experienced a statistically significant increase in vision early on (+2 letters at month 1, +3 letters at month three), though not at month six. Mean IOP increased by 2.5 and 0.20 mmHg at month one in the IVTA and dex groups, respectively (p=0.27). Mean CMT decreased by 143 mm with IVTA and 39 mm with dex at month one (p=0.00025). Mean time to next treatment of any kind was 19 weeks for IVTA and 20.3 weeks for dex (p=0.41). Conclusions: Intravitreal triamcinolone and the intravitreal dexamethasone implant both show similar efficacy at reducing DME and its treatment burden, but neither significantly affected visual acuity over six months.
FAM83A-AS1 Promotes Tumor Progression Through MET Signaling in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bai Shengbin , Zhao Huijie , Zeng Xaofei , Lin Baoyue , Wang Yinghan , Hu Shengmin , Zhang Shenglin , Li Yu , Zhou Zhiqing , Du Changzheng , Beer David G. , Chen Guoan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Studies demonstrate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the occurrence and development of cancer. However, many of the molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNAs role in this process remains unclear.
Methods

Here, we analyzed lncRNA expression in lung cancer tissues based on RNA-Seq analysis and found that lncRNA FAM83A-AS1 was one of the top up-regulated lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and elevated expression of FAM83A-AS1 was significantly associated with poor patient survival. We validated these results using RT-PCR and an independent cohort of lung cancer.
Results

Functional studies indicated that knockdown of FAM83A-AS1 decreased cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in H1299 and H838 lung cancer cells. Knockdown of FAM83A-AS1 induced the autophagy and cell cycle arrest at G2. Mechanistically, we found that MET, p62 and phosphor S6K proteins were decreased upon FAM83A-AS1 knockdown.
Conclusion

In conclusion, FAM83A-AS1 may have potential as a diagnosis/prognosis marker and its oncogenic role could lead to potential targeting for lung cancer therapy.
Method Development, Validation, Monitoring, Seasonal Effect and Risk Assessment of Multiclass Multi Pesticide Residues in Surface and Ground Water of New Alluvial Zone in Eastern India
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sudip , Poi Rajlakshmi , Mandal Swagata , Baskey(Sen) Moni , Hazra Dipak Kumar , Saha Supradip , Karmakar Rajib 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method consisting gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) determination of thirty six pesticides in environmental waters was standardized. The method was validated as per SANTE/11813/2017 guidelines. Effect of three seasons namely summer, monsoon and winter on monitoring of pesticide residues in environmental waters (river, pond and tube well) of rural area was studied and subsequently risk assessment was evaluated. Within two districts (Nadia and North 24paraganas) of new alluvial zone in eastern India, six different places were chosen for sampling of river water. On the contrary, six different ponds and tubewells as well were considered for sampling. 144 samples of 2 liter each (48 each of river, pond and tubewell water) of each district irrespective of seasons were analyzed during the study period. Each water sample (750 ml) was extracted with ethylacetate:dichloromethane (8:2). The total residue was reconstituted in acetone (1 ml) and analysed in GC-MS after proper filtration with 0.22 μm nylon syringe filter. Average percent recovery ranged from 77.84 to 118.15. Irrespective of seasons, maximum total organochlorine (OC) and organophosphorous (OP) pesticide residues were dominated respectively in river and pond water. Irrespective of types of environmental waters, monsoon (July to October) showed presence of total maximum pesticide residues. Risk Quotient (RQ) [acute and chronic] was calculated respectively in pond and river water. Only Seven water samples of tubewell were contaminated with butachlor and chlorpyriphos, although in non-significant average amount (< 0.1ngml-1), irrespective of seasons and thus safe for consumption.
Gravity cells as a necessary link in string theory. Formula and value of the gravitational constant in the region of a black hole. The frequency of gravitational waves. Formula and calculation of the electron mass.
Authors: Chernov Andrey 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, a new concept is introduced - gravitational cells. The body of a black hole consists of a huge number of such cells. Based on this hypothesis, using string theory, the Schwarzschild radius formula and the Coulomb formula, a formula for the gravitational constant was obtained. The new formula was used to determine the value of the gravitational constant in the region of black holes, and also confirmed the value of the usual gravitational constant. Also in this work, a new physical constant was obtained - the mass of the gravitational cell of a black hole. The results obtained made it possible to draw conclusions regarding the gravitational mass of the proton and the electron. In this study, the gravity cell hypothesis was organically integrated into string theory. As a result, it was possible to apply the Planck formula to the gravitational interaction. Thus, the formula for the vibration frequency of gravitational strings (the frequency of gravitational waves) was obtained, and their frequency was determined. The formula for the mass of an electron was obtained. The electron mass calculated by the formula coincided with the experimental value.
Bioinformatic Identification of Hub Genes and Biological Pathways for Sepsis-Associated Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Zhang Chao , Xu Feng , Fang Fang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI) is a potentially lethal complication associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality worldwide, especially in the outbreak of COVID-19. However, the fundamental mechanisms of this complication were still not fully elucidated. Thus, we conducted this study to identify hub genes and biological pathways of sepsis-associated ALI, mainly focus on two pathways of LPS and HMGB1. Methods: Gene expression profile GSE3037 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 8 patients with sepsis-induced acute lung injury, with 8 unstimulated blood neutrophils, 8 LPS- induced neutrophils and 8 HMGB1-induced neutrophils. Diﬀerentially expressed genes (DEGs) identifications, Gene Ontology (GO) function analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network constructions were performed to obtain hub genes and relevant biological pathways.Results: We identified 534 and 317 DEGs for LPS- and HMGB1-induced ALI, respectively. The biological pathways involved in LPS- and HMGB1-induced ALI were also identified accordingly. By PPI network analysis, we found that ten hub genes for LPS-induced ALI (CXCL8, TNF, IL6, IL1B, ICAM1, CXCL1, CXCL2, IL1A, IL1RN and CXCL3) and another ten hub genes for HMGB1-induced ALI (CCL20, CXCL2, CXCL1, CCL4, CXCL3, CXCL9, CCL21, CXCR6, KNG1 and SST). Furthermore, by combining analysis, the results revealed that genes of TNF, CCL20, IL1B, NFKBIA, CCL4, PTGS2, TNFAIP3, CXCL2, CXCL1 and CXCL3 were potential biomarkers for sepsis-associated ALI. Conclusions: Our study revealed that ten hub genes associated with sepsis-induced ALI were TNF, CCL20, IL1B, NFKBIA, CCL4, PTGS2, TNFAIP3, CXCL2, CXCL1 and CXCL3, which may serve as genetic biomarkers and be further verified in prospective experimental trials.
Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Surface Sediments Collected From Selected Estuaries of Kerala, West Coast of India
Authors: Radhakrishnan Krishnamoorthy , Rajkumar Anandarao , Akramkhan Nazeerkhan , P. Prakasheswar , Krishnakumar Subbiah , Pradhap Dhanasekaran , Gandhi Kaliyaperumal Sanjay , Maheswaran Subbiah , Hussain Shaik Mohammed 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The investigation aims to study the source and concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) fractions in the surface sediments of selected estuaries of the southwest coast of Kerala India. The concentration of PAHs ranged from 0.47 to 126.64 ng/g. The estuarine sediments were enriched by HMW-PAHs and they are occupied nearly 93.76 % of the total concentration, followed by LMW-PAHs (LMW-PAH – 6.23%). The sum of surface sediment-associated PAH distribution was higher in the inner part of the estuary, especially at Anjuthengu and Kadinamkulam estuaries. The sediment grain size and distance of the sampling point from the coast are significantly playing an important role in the distribution of the PAHs. The ratio of LMW/HMW PAHs in this study indicating that the pyrolytic process is the chief source of PAHs in the estuarine sediments. The calculated total TEQ value ranged from 0.20 to 54.80 ng/g. A comparative study suggests that the obtained TEQ value was less than the other locations of India and worldwide.
Hunger and Its Associated Factors in an Urban Cluster in the Western Brazilian Amazon: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Mata Mayline Menezes da , Neves José Anael , de Medeiros Maria Angélica Tavares 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Hunger affects millions of people worldwide. In the current pandemic scenario of COVID-19, Brazil experienced an epidemic peak of hunger, amplifying existing pre-pandemic vulnerabilities, mainly in the Northern Region of the Country. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors in homes with children under five years of age in an urban cluster of a municipality of the Western Brazilian Amazon. Methods: A household survey was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 557 children and their families. Food insecurity (FI) was determined using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Associations between variables were analyzed based on the prevalence ratio (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated through multiple Poisson regression analysis. Variables with a p -value <0.05 after adjustments were considered significantly associated with the outcome. Results: A high prevalence of food insecurity was found among the families in the study (76.47%, PR=1.90, CI: 1.36-2.67, p <0.001); 42.90% had moderate (PR=1.93, CI: 1.31-2.83, p <0.01) and severe FI (PR=1.41, CI: 1.10-1.83, p <0.02), which was associated with low family income, participation in governmental income transfer programs, and heads of households with less than seven years of schooling. Moreover, substantial frequencies of height deficit and overweight were found among the children. Conclusions: The high prevalence of hunger and food insecurity and its associated factors reflects the context of geographic isolation and social exclusion in which these families live, suggesting that a substantial portion of the population under five years of age had experienced episodes of hunger in the 90 days prior to the survey. The high prevalence of height deficit and overweight among the children reveals a scenario of epidemiological/nutritional polarization, requiring the formulation of specific public policies for this population.
High-power density monolithic fuel cell stack
Authors: Pirou Steven , Talic Belma , Brodersen Karen , Hauch Anne , Frandsen Henrik , Skafte Theis , Persson Åsa , Høgh Jens , Henriksen Henrik , Navasa Maria , Miao Xing-Yuan , Georgolamprou Xanthi , Foghmoes Søren , Hendriksen Peter , Nielsen Eva , Nielsen Jimmi , Wulff Anders , Jensen Søren , Zielke Philipp , Hagen Anke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The transportation sector is currently undergoing a technology shift from internal combustion engines to electric motors powered by batteries. However, their limited range and long charging times limit wide-spread adoption. Electrified transportation powered by solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer an attractive alternative especially for heavy freight and long-range transportation, as this technology can provide high-efficiency and flexible fuel choices. Thus far, the technology is mostly used for stationary applications owing to the high operating temperature, low volumetric and gravimetric power density, and poor robustness towards thermal cycling and mechanical vibrations of conventional ceramic-based cells. Here, we present a novel metal-based monolithic fuel cell design to overcome these issues. Highly cost-competitive and scalable manufacturing methods are employed for fabrication, and only a single heat treatment is required, as opposed to two or three for conventional SOFCs. The design is further optimised through three-dimensional multiphysics modelling, nanoparticle infiltration, and corrosion-mitigating treatments. The monolithic fuel cell shows exceptionally high power density (5.6 kW/L) and excellent thermal cycling robustness, revealing the vast potential of SOFC technology for transport applications.