bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete Genome Analysis of a Novel Picorna-Like Virus From a Ladybird Beetle, Cheilomenes Sexmaculata
Authors: He Yu-Juan , Ye Zhuang-Xin , Chen Jian-Ping , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Lu Gang , Li Jun-Min 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The ladybird beetle Cheilomenes sexmaculata (family Coccinellidae, order Coleoptera), is a common insect predator of agricultural pests. In this study, the full genome sequence of a novel picorna-like virus, temporarily named “Cheilomenes sexmaculata picorna-like virus 1” (CSPLV1), was identified from C. sexmaculata. The full-length sequence of CSPLV1 was 11,384 nucleotide (nt) in length (excluding the polyA tail) with one predicted open reading frame (ORF) encoding 3727 amino acids, a 13 nt 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 187 nt 3' UTR. The ORF of CSPLV1 consisted of four distinct domains including an RNA virus helicase domain (3029-3319 nt), a peptidase domain (5555-6121 nt), an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain (7154-8101 nt) and a picorna-like coat protein domain (8606-9283nt). Phylogenetic analysis based on the conserved RdRP sequence showed that CSPLV1, together with Wuhan house centipede virus 3, Hypera postica associated virus 1 and Diabrotica undecimpunctata virus 1, formed as an unclassified group which is closely related to the clade Solinviviridae. To the best of our knowledge, CSPLV1 is the first picorna-like virus revealed in C. sexmaculata.
Evolution of tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures synthesized by hydrothermal method
Authors: GAHLOT AJAY PRATAP SINGH , Pandey Rupali , Singhania Sandeep , choudhary Arijit , Garg Amit , Gupta Prof.Mridula 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tin oxide (SnO2), a versatile metal oxide due to its wide range of applications and its nature as an amphoteric oxide, has attracted researchers globally for many decades. Hydrothermal synthesis of wide band gap oxides with controllable nano shape and size is of primary attraction leading to myriad areas of applications such as electrodes in Lithium-ion batteries, gas sensing, photo-catalyst etc. to name a few. In this work, we have synthesized different types of nanostructures of Tin oxide through low temperature(180oC) Hydrothermal process by varying the concentration of its precursor solution (SnCl4.5H2O) from 0.0625M to 0.25M. The characterization of as -Synthesized SnO2 done using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X ray (EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) confirm synthesis of tin oxide and formation of various nanostructures as a function of concentration of the precursor solution. The evolution of various shapes of nanostructures has been discussed in light of existing theories.
Compositional aspects and bacteriological quality of camel milk from Tunisian oasis
Authors: Zahran Khaldi , Mounir Nafti , Tabarek Jilani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study was planned to investigate the raw milk characteristics and quality aspects and to evaluate the impact of nongenetic factors on physicochemical composition and microbial quality of milk from local Maghrebi camels (Camelus dromedarius) kept under a traditional system in oasis areas, southern west, Tunisia. Forty-nine individual milk samples were collected from lactating Negga over two periods of the year (winter and summer). Animals belonging to private flocks were between 5 and 17.5 years of age, with parity numbers ranging from first to sixth. Samples were analyzed for physical parameters, chemical composition, mineral concentrations, and microbiological features according to standard methods. The overall means of physical characteristics were 6.63 ± 0.22, 1030.63 ± 2.54, and 19.11 ± 4.08 for pH, density, and acidity, respectively. No significant association (P > 0.05) between physical characteristics and nongenetic factors has been observed. The average results of chemical composition for dry matter, protein, fat, casein, lactose, ash, and casein/protein ratio were 115.24±15.67g/L, 30.98±6.40 g/L, 32.84±4.88 g/L, 22.77±4.27 g/L, 37.21±4.64 g/L, 6.87±1.59 g/L, and 0.74±0.06 g/L respectively. Season, parity, and age were confirmed to impinge significantly on chemical components, except for lactose. The maximum contents of total solids, protein, casein, and fat content were observed during winter. The third lactation was characterized with the highest content of total solids, protein, casein, and lactose; while the highest fat content was recorded in the second lactation. Lactose content was stable throughout all the studied age classes (P > 0.05), whereas the other chemical constituents, showed an obvious superiority in the age class of 7≤ age ≤ 9 years. Season, parity, and age of the animal exerted a significant effect on all minerals. The highest levels of Ca, P, and K were recorded in the winter (P<0.01) whereas Na showed an opposite pattern and was higher in the summer (P<0.01). All major minerals were higher in milk from multiparous than primiparous camels, with maximum concentrations at the fourth lactation. The uppermost levels of mineral concentrations were recorded in the age class of 7≤ age ≤ 9 years. The lowest ones were those of animals over 12 years old. The microbial analysis of raw milk which is affected by season, parity, and age showed higher overall contamination levels in all studied bacterial counts. The highest levels were observed in winter, among the multiparous and oldest Negga. The results highlighted the complete absence of the two dangerous pathogens Salmonella and CSR in all analyzed samples.
‘Not finding causal effect’ is not ‘finding no causal effect’ of school closure on COVID-19
Authors: Endo Akira 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

In a paper recently published in Nature Medicine, Fukumoto et al. tried to assess the government-led school closure policy during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. They compared the reported incidence rates between municipalities that had and had not implemented school closure in selected periods from March–May 2020, where they rigorously matched for potential confounders, and claimed that they found no causal effect on the incidence rates of COVID-19. However, the effective sample size (ESS) of their dataset had been substantially reduced in the process of matching due to imbalanced covariates between the treatment (i.e. with closure) and control (without) municipalities, which led to the wide uncertainty in the estimates. That said, the study title "No causal effect…" is a rather strong statement because the results are also consistent with a strong mitigating effect of school closure on incidence of COVID-19.
Appropriate cesarean rates using Robson’s Ten-Group Classification System in a Brazilian private practice
Authors: Campos Andrea Silveira de Queiroz 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

The increasing rates of cesarean sections (CS) in places with adequate access to health care is a global concern because they are related to higher rates of maternal and neonatal complications and do not provide a positive childbirth experience for women. The objective is to highlight the possibility of achieving CS rates acceptable by WHO standards, like Nordic countries, following evidence-based protocols in Brazil.

Methods

A cross-sectional study evaluated CS rates by Robson Groups for women who sought vaginal delivery in a private health practice in Brazil, comparing the rates with Swedish data. A collaborative practice with midwives and obstetrician, adopting evidence-based guidelines, was offered. The overall CS rate, CS rate by Robson group, contribution of each Robson group to the overall CS rate, clinical and non-clinical interventions and vaginal birth, pre-labor CS and intrapartum CS proportions were estimated. The expected CS rate for the population by the WHO c-model tool was calculated. The analysis used Microsoft EXCEL and the software "R Studio" (version 1.2.1335. 2009-2019).

Results

The overall CS rate was 15.1% (within the expected by the WHO c-model tool) in a population composed of 43.7% of women in Robson Group 1, 11.4% in Group 2 and 14.9% in Group 5, the greatest responsible for higher rates of CS, who altogether contributed to 75.4% of all cesarean sections.

Conclusions

Multidisciplinary care following evidence-based protocols, associated to a high motivation of both women and professionals of childbirth care for a vaginal route for delivery may lead to a significant and safe reduction of CS rates, obtaining better results even in contexts such as Brazil, where there is high medicalization of obstetric care and excess of CS.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Pregnant Women towards Obstetric Ultrasound at Mulago Hospital: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Maniragena Janvier , Kasozi Derrick , Mubuuke Gonzaga Roy , Murachi Erick Jacob 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Obstetric ultrasonography in antenatal care (ANC) is globally recognized as one of the ways through which maternal mortality can be reduced. Pregnant women’s knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes are thought to influence their response towards obstetric ultrasonography. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women towards obstetric sonography at Mulago hospital.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved 300 pregnant women who reported for obstetric sonography at Mulago hospital in Kampala, Uganda. Consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit participants into the study. The data was collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and was analyzed quantitatively into descriptive statistical tables, percentages and graphs using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 25.0 software.Results: The study had a response rate of 100%. Most participants had good knowledge of obstetric ultrasound scan. However, there was a misconception that ultrasound has harmful effects. Generally, participants had a positive attitude but poor practices towards obstetric ultrasound scan. Long waiting time and lack of privacy were reported by most participants as leading factors that contributed to the poor practices. Conclusion: This study shows that the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women towards obstetric ultrasound in Mulago hospital were good. However, their practices were poor. The concerns that need to be addressed in order to improve their practices include patient’s privacy, waiting time and the misconception regarding the safety of ultrasound that it can cause cancer.
Ppe.XapF: High Throughput KASP Assays to Identify Fruit Response to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap) in Peach
Authors: Fleming Margaret B. , Miller Texanna , Fu Wanfang , Li Zhigang , Gasic Ksenija , Saski Christopher 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bacterial spot, caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Xap), is a serious peach disease with symptoms that traverse severe defoliation and black surface pitting, cracking or blemishes on peach fruit with global economic impacts. A management option for control and meeting consumer demand for chemical-free, environmentally friendly fruit production is the development of resistant or tolerant cultivars. We developed simple, accurate, and efficient DNA assays (Ppe.XapF) based on SNP genotyping with KASP technology to quickly test for bacterial spot resistance alleles in peach fruit that allows breeders to cull seedlings at the greenhouse stage. The objective of this research was to validate newly developed DNA tests that target the two major QTLs for fruit resistance in peach with diagnostic utility in predicting fruit response to bacterial spot infection. Our study confirms that only two Ppe.XapF DNA tests, Ppe.XapF1-1 and Ppe.XapF6-2, are needed to distinguish between susceptible and resistant alleles. Use of these efficient and accurate Ppe.XapF KASP tests resulted in 44% reduction in seedling planting rate in the Clemson University peach breeding program.
Rough Set Theory-Based Multi-Class Decision Making Framework for Cost Effective Treatment of COVID-19 Suspected Patients
Authors: Majumder Sandip , Kar Samarjit 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Rough set theory approximates a concept by the three regions, namely positive, negative and boundary regions. The three regions enable us to derive three types of decisions, namely acceptance, rejection and deferment. The deferment decision gives us the flexibility to further examine suspicious objects and reduce misclassification. The main objective of this paper is to provide a cost effective treatment of a patient suspect to COVID-19 positive by using multiclass three-way decision making with the help of Rough set theory. The cost-based analysis of three-way decisions brings the theory closer to real-world applications where costs play an indispensable role. In our approach, we extend the three-way decision to three-way multiclass decision, offering a new framework of multiple classes. Different types of misclassification errors are treated separately based on the notation of loss function from Bayesian decision theory. In our cost sensitive classification approach, the cost caused by a different kind of error are not assumed to be equal. Finally, a numerical example for a cost effective treatment of a patient with COVID-19 disease is considered to demonstrate the practicability and efficacy of the developed idea in real-life applications.
Air Pollution Associated with Cognitive Decline by the Mediating Effects of Sleep Cycle Disruption and Changes in Brain Structure in Adults
Authors: Lo Chen-Chen , Liu Wen-Te , Lu Yueh-Hsun , Wu Dean , Wu Chih-Da , Chen Ting-Chieh , Fang Yu-Ting , Lo Yu-Chun , Chen You-Yin , Kang Lo , Tsai Cheng-Yu , Lee Yueh-Lun , Chuang Kai-Jen , Ho Kin-Fai , Chang Ta-Yuan , Chuang Hsiao-Chi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The effects of air pollution on sleep and dementia remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of air pollution on cognitive function as mediated by the sleep cycle. A cross-sectional study design was conducted to recruit 4866 subjects on which PSG had been performed. Fifty of them were further given a cognitive function evaluation by the MMSE and CASI as well as brain images by CT and MRI. Associations of 1-year air pollution parameters with sleep parameters, cognitive function, and brain structure were examined. We observed that O3 was associated with a decrease in arousal, an increase in the N1 stage, and a decrease in the N2 stage of sleep. NO2 was associated with an increase in the N1 stage, a decrease in the N2 stage, and an increase in REM. PM2.5 was associated with a decrease in the N1 stage, increases in the N2 and N3 stages, and a decrease in REM. The N1 and N2 stages were associated with cognitive decline, but REM was associated with an increase in cognitive function. The N1 stage was a mediator of the effects of PM2.5 on the concentration domain of the MMSE. O3 was associated with an increase in the pars orbitalis volume of the left brain. NO2 was associated with increases in the rostral middle frontal volume, supramarginal gyrus volume, and transverse temporal volume of the left brain, and the pars opercularis volume of the right brain. PM2.5 was associated with increases in the pars triangularis volume of the left brain and the fusiform thickness of the right brain. In conclusion, we observed that air pollution was associated with cognitive decline by mediating effects on the sleep cycle with changes in the brain structure in controlling executive, learning, and language functions in adults.
Determinação da espessura da interface sedimento-embasamento da Bacia Sergipe-Alagoas a partir da assinatura gravimétrica.
Authors: Dutra Alanna Costa 
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho utilizou dados gravimétricos para pesquisar o arcabouço da bacia sedimentar Sergipe-Alagoas e parte do embasamento. Os principais objetivos são estimar parâmetros como espessura do embasamento e variação lateral do contraste de densidade nos domínios Estância, Canudos-Vaza-Barris, Macururé e Terreno Pernambuco-Alagoas no trecho adjacente à Bacia Sergipe-Alagoas, utilizando medidas geológicas e geofísicas em rochas coletadas na superfície. A partir da dos dados adquiridos realizamos o processamento e interpretação de dados gravimétricos ao longo da região do embasamento adjacente e sua extensão para a Bacia Sergipe-Alagoas, para que fosse feita uma modelagem gravimétrica dos domínios crustais e suas relações tectônicas. Para delinear o relevo do embasamento da Bacia Sergipe-Alagoas foi necessário conhecer as anomalias gravimétricas e o contraste de densidade na superfície da bacia. Com estas informações foi possível estimar, além do relevo, o valor do contraste de densidade na superfície desta bacia sedimentar, sendo fornecida a anomalia gravimétrica e a profundidade do embasamento em alguns pontos da bacia. A grande vantagem dos métodos gravimétrico é a boa capacidade de recobrimento espacial com custos razoáveis, e são bastante utilizados para a detecção, localização e delineação de feições estruturais.
Amlodipine Induced Gum Hypertrophy: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Midha Naresh , Reddy Suryanarayana Challa , Chhabra Vivek , Kumar Deepak , Bohra Gopal Krishna 
Published: November 2021

Background:DIGO or drug-induced gingival overgrowth occurs as a side effect of certain drugs. Until now, the etiology of drug-induced gingival overgrowth is not clearly understood. Among the calcium channel blockers, nifedipine has been shown to be most frequently associated with drug-induced gingival hyperplasia. Amlodipine is a comparatively newer calcium channel blocker that with a longer duration of action and lesser side effects as compared to nifedipine. There are only certain case reports of amlodipine-induced gum hyperplasia.Case presentation:We report a case of amlodipine-induced gum hyperplasia in a 66-year-old hypertensive patient taking amlodipine at a dose of 5 mg once a day. There was significant regression of gum hypertrophy after substitution of amlodipine by Losartan.Conclusion:Amlodipine is one of the commonly prescribed antihypertensive drugs, and gingival hyperplasia is one overlooked side effect in patients taking amlodipine. Awareness of this potential side effect of amlodipine may be helpful to reduce the anxiety of patients and the cost of diagnostic procedures.
Preclinical Assessment of [68Ga]Ga-Cell Death Indicator (CDI): A Novel
hsp90 Ligand for Positron Emission Tomography of Cell Death
Authors: Shon Ivan Ho , Kumar Divesh , Schreuder Mark , Guille Jennifer , Doan John , Sathikumar Chithra , Van Khang , Chicco Andrew , Hogg Philip J. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid (GSAO) when
conjugated with a bifunctional chelator 2,2'-(7-(1-carboxy-4-((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)oxy)-4-
oxobutyl)-1,4,7-triazonane-1,4-diyl)diacetic acid (NODAGA) (hereafter referred to as Cell Death
Indicator [CDI]), enters dead and dying cells and binds to 90kDa heat shock proteins (hsp90).

Objective:
This study assesses stability, biodistribution, imaging, and radiation dosimetry of [68Ga]-
Ga-CDI for positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods:
Preparation of [68Ga]Ga-CDI was performed as previously described. Product stability
and stability in plasma were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Biodistribution
and imaging were conducted in ten healthy male Lewis rats at 1 and 2 h following intravenous
[68Ga]Ga-CDI injection. Human radiation dosimetry was estimated by extrapolation for a standard
reference man and calculated with OLINDA/EXM 1.1.

Results:
Radiochemical purity of [68Ga]Ga-CDI averaged 93.8% in the product and 86.7% in plasma
at 4 h post-synthesis. The highest concentration of [68Ga]Ga-CDI is observed in the kidneys;
[68Ga]Ga-CDI is excreted in the urine, and mean retained activity was 32.4% and 21.4% at 1 and 2
h post-injection. Lower concentrations of [68Ga]Ga-CDI were present in the small bowel and liver.
PET CT was concordant and additionally demonstrated focal growth plate uptake. The effective
dose for [68Ga]Ga-CDI is 2.16E-02 mSv/MBq, and the urinary bladder wall received the highest
dose (1.65E-02 mSv/Mbq).

Conclusions:
[68Ga] Ga-CDI is stable and has favourable biodistribution, imaging, and radiation
dosimetry for imaging of dead and dying cells. Human studies are underway.
The Spectrum of Biochemical Alterations with Molecular and Serological Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of COVID-19: Searching
for Novel One to Identify Disease Earlier with Better Prognosis and Drug Discovery
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes 
Published: November 2021

:
Clinical and laboratory predictors of progression to serious and deadly
forms are crucial in the fight against COVID-19, which has now become a worldwide
pandemic. The clinical laboratory's vital role in today's crises has never
been more obvious. These subjective clinical signals can be perceived more confidently
during an examination with the help of biomarkers. To best combat present
and future pandemics, global unity on test access is required, as well as infection
prevention and diagnostic measures that are tightly linked.
Etymological dictionaries about the sources of church Slavonic vocabulary
Authors: Novikova Tatiana 
Published: November 2021

The article analyses the Church Slavonic vocabulary, which in the Ukrainian language, according to etymological dictionaries, were gone in different ways: 1) directly from the Church Slavonic language or through the literary language of the period of Kievan Rus; 2) from the Church Slavonic language through other languages: Russian, Czech or Slovak; 3) from the Church Slavonic language by the method of tracing; 4) from other languages through Church Slavonic mediation: from Ancient Greek, from Middle Greek, from Modern Greek, from Latin, from Turkic, from Hebrew, from German. The relevance of the article is determined by the need of a comprehensive analysis of Church Slavonic, which is an organic component of the Ukrainian language. The urgency of this issue in modern Ukrainian linguistics is due not only to its insufficient coverage and a certain fragmentation of the results, but also to the fact that in addition to linguistic and historical and cultural aspects, it has a certain rehabilitation orientation. The following scientific methods were used in the study: descriptive, comparative, statistical. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the linguistic and extralinguistic factors of the appearance of Church Slavonic borrowings in the modern Ukrainian language, the main ways of entry of Church Slavonic into the Ukrainian language are systematically described. The results of the work show that discussions on the emergence of Church Slavonic in the Ukrainian language continue among industry experts and linguists.
Retracted: INTEGRASI PAJAK DAN ZAKAT DI INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: El-Jizya Editor 
Published: November 2021

This paper was retracted by Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam as Publisher on August 8, 2019. This paper was published due to a technical error and was not intended to be included in this journal. This article is the property of Masnun Tahir & Zasiana Elly Triantini, which has been published in the journal Al-Adalah Faculty of Sharia UIN Raden Intan Lampung volume 12 number 1 in 2015 at http://ejournal.radenintan.ac.id/index.php/adalah/article/view/204/374.
Thus the article belongs to Moh. Abdur Rohman Wahid was not published by us.
Retractions are published on August 8, 2019.