bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cognitive process of students understanding quadratic equations
Authors: Herawaty D , Widada W , Gede W , Lusiana D , Pusvita Y , Widiarti Y , Anggoro A F D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Algebra is mandatory learning in junior high school. That is a continuation of arithmetic with the bridge being variable. Students often have difficulty in understanding it, especially quadratic equations. The purpose of this study is how students’ cognitive processes in understanding the principles of quadratic equations. It was an exploratory study conducted on research subjects. The subjects were junior high school students selected based on their ability to understand concepts and principles about quadratic equations. That’s done through tests about understanding quadratic equations. There were 16 selected research subjects. They were interviewed in-depth by researchers using interview guides. Interview data were analyzed qualitatively based on genetic decomposition. The results of this study are that students can use square, rectangular and unit square cards to determine the principle of factorization of quadratic equations. Students can generalize until completing a perfect quadratic equation. The conclusion is that the cognitive process of students who learn to use learning media based on square and rectangular able to reach a high level (trans-level).
The design of furnace for biochar production by using vacuum pump and temperature manual control
Authors: Nurhidayah N , Peslinof M , Afrianto M F , Fahyuan H D , Heriansyah H , Damris M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Temperature control is very prominent to be done in producing biochar, because the quality of biochar depends on combustion temperature and the amount of oxygen existing when the combustion process is happening. In this research, the designing of furnace for biochar production by using vacuum pump and temperature manual control had been done. The fuel used was LPG gas. The furnace was designed by having two parts which are cylinder tube for biochar production and tube feet as the holder of the kiln. The calibration of the furnace for biochar production was done to find out the temperature and the pressure that can be generated and its effect toward produced biochar. The calibration was done by using vacuum pump to vacuum the combustion chamber and temperature manual control as temperature indicator. There were two steps for this furnace calibration, first, the leakage test and second, combustion test of biochar production. The leakage test was done by using bubble test method. The result showed that there were still some leakages happened, but they were fixed with glue on the leak parts. As the final result of the leakage calibration, the vacuum condition obtained was -25 cmHg. And as the result of biochar combustion as long as one and two hour, the temperature reached 2800C and 2500C.
Design of hydraulic’ tools for students’ practicum
Authors: Maison M , Ilfan F , Triyanto J H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Fluid mechanics and hydraulics subject is a subject that explains the concepts of the nature of fluids (liquids and gases) when stationary or moving, or when interacting with other fluids or solid objects. One of the courses in this subject related to hydraulics is about open channels. Many students have difficulties understanding this material and not able to describe abstract concepts because they were not doing experiments with the open channel. The purpose of this research is to develop hydraulic devices for open channels that can be used by students for practicum. The methods used to develop these tools are the study of literature, determination of design concepts, exploration of design scenarios, toolmaking, testing, evaluation, and improvement the tools. These tools are also equipped with a microcontroller to regulate water flow, the slope of the water-retaining plate to display hydraulic jumps and adjust the pump power. The test results show that the tool can provide consistent results, both from flowrate, weir overflow coefficient, and Froude numbers.
The development of students worksheets is oriented to the higher other thinking skill with problem solving models on electromagnetic induction materials
Authors: Purwanto A , Sakti I , Sindita D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This research was aimed to develop a valid Student Worksheet (LKPD) oriented to Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) with a problem solving model on electromagnetic induction material. This research was a type of development research (Research and Development) with type 1 design consisting of 5 stages, namely: 1) potential and problems 2) literature study and information gathering 3) product design 4) design validation 5) tested design. Design validation was carried out by 3 expert judgments and 3 Practitioners to assess products developed from aspects of presentation, content, and language. Based on the results of the validity of the presentation aspects, the results were 76.3% (very good categories), content aspects at 74.4% (good categories), and language aspects at 80.1% (very good categories). Based on these results, it was concluded that the HOTS-oriented LKPD developed was declared valid and was a tested design with a percentage of the total validity test which was 86% (very good category).
Using certainty response index to differentiate lack of knowledge and misconception about basic electrical concepts
Authors: Koto I , Gusma S E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine pre-service physics teacher understanding related to physics content knowledge by investigating knowledge of the Basic Electrical Concepts (BECs) test and the student’s certainty in their physics knowledge. Data was collected from 57 preservice physics teachers with the BECs test and Certainty of Response Index (CRI) values. The BECs test with CRI was administered to pre-service physics students following accomplishment of a unit of study on electricity and simple circuit. The results of diagnostic test were classified into correct and incorrect answers, and CRI values were classified into certain and uncertain. High CRI value in incorrect answer on the BECs test implied that 26% preservice physics teachers had misconceptions about basic electrical concepts. Low CRI value in correct or incorrect answer on the BECs test indicated there were 53% preservice physics teachers providing the answer by guessing; due to no understanding or confusion about their understanding. There were 21% preservice physics teachers providing the answer correctly on the diagnostic test with high CRI value. It was concluded that the majority of preservice physics teachers (79%) were either guessing or had misconceptions about every item related to the electric basic concepts.
Collaborative skills of prospective teachers in laboratory activities related to the concept of elasticity
Authors: Malik A , Ubaidillah M , Fatmawati S , Aswirna P , Qaddafi M , Sutarno S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The collaborative is a skill needed in facing challenges and opportunities in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. Therefore, universities must prepare prospective graduates to have collaborative skills. The purpose of this study was to describe collaborative skills that are trained and developed through laboratory activities. This study used descriptive quantitative methods. The research sample amounted to 250 teacher candidates from several Islamic Universities in Indonesia. The sampling technique used random sampling, which represents Islamic universities on four islands in Indonesia. The research instrument used was a performance assessment supplemented by a rubric of assessment. The results of research prospective teacher collaboration skills were a good category. Thus, laboratory activities can train and develop collaborative skill skills of prospective teachers.
Profile of pre-service physics teachers’ critical thinking skills related to heat transfer
Authors: Yusal Y , Suhandi A , Setiawan W , Kaniawati I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
One of the skills needed to meet the challenges of 21sf century is critical thinking skills. This study aims at describing the profile of pre-service physics teachers’ critical thinking skills related to heat transfer. This research is a descriptive research conducted in the physics education program at one of the private universities in Jakarta. Data collection is done through the test of critical thinking skills related to heat transfer. The collected data is analysed quantitatively. The results showed that 0% of students were in the category of high critical thinking skills, 25% on moderate critical thinking skills, and 75% on low critical thinking skills. Thus, the critical thinking skills of pre-service physics teachers still belong to low category.
Using Rasch model analysis to analyse students’ mastery of concept on newton law
Authors: Rosiqoh R , Suhendi E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The objective of this research was to describe the concept mastery of the tenth year students in the learning topic of Newton Law by using Rasch model analysis. This was a case study research by applying group post-test only research design. There were 30 students taken as a sample consisting of 6 male students and 24 female students with an average age of 15 to 16 years. There were 20 items of multiple-choice tests used in this research (r = 0.88). The result of analysis by using Rasch model such as person fit order where there were 8 students with the outfit mean-square score out of the limit. The students “18P” code is categorized as not smart students because they were not able to solve the easiest problems of the test but they could solve more difficult problems. Generally, the percentage of the students’ mastery of concept mastery was categorized as low.
The students’ Physics Problem Solving Skills in basic physics course
Authors: Sutarno S , Putri D H , Risdianto E , Satriawan M , Malik A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
One important skill that can support the success of learning physics for students is problem solving skills. This study explores the level of Physics Problem Solving Skills (PPSS) of 54 first semester students (11 men and 43 women, age range 16-18 years) in basic physics course in the science and physics education study program at Universitas Bengkulu, Indonesia. In the first lecture, students learn the concept of one-dimensional motion includes uniformly accelerated motion and vertical motion, but the lecturer does not provide examples of problems and how to solve them. In the second lecture, students learn the concept of Newton’s Law and its application, and the lecturer gives examples of problems and stages to solve them, however the lecturer does not emphasize that these stages are important procedures in solving physical problems. At the end of each lesson, students are given an essay Physics Problem Solving Skills test. Based on an analysis of student answers, it is known that in general the student PPSS level is still in the novice and transition categories. This indicates the importance of developing and implementing basic physics lecture programs that are able to promote students’ higher-order thinking skills including physics problem solving skills.
Difficulties of pre-service physics teacher to desain and implement inquiry learning
Authors: Hendri M , Syarkowi A , Rasmi D P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This research aims to describe the difficulties of the pre-service teacher in designing and implementing inquiry learning in senior high school. A case study design was used for this research. Three pre-service teachers were interviewed and observed to determine the distressing point. This research finds all of the respondents started to design learning inquiry from finding some examples of the inquiry learning process in the internet or senior thesis report and imitated that in their lesson plan. This reflected they had the problem of a doubt what the inquiry process looks like. Along with their self-research about inquiry process illustrations, some of them tried to get the clue in the published article on the internet. It took several weeks to self-analyse what they found on the internet. The majority of problems of this is lack of English understanding. For the implementation process, most of them were able to run the teaching but all of them had a problem with applying the assessment process. Most of them thought the assessment process was just in the formative assessment, not along with the learning process. This research also concludes if they still have much lack of knowledge in desingning inqury learning and lack skill in guiding the students in inquiry learning using guided questions.
Ethnoscience analysis of “lemang bamboo” Sumatera traditional food
Authors: Jufrida J , Basuki F R , Oksaputra M F , Fitaloka O 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Lemang bamboo is a Sumatera traditional food made from glutinous rice that cooked in bamboo. Melemang is one of the Jambi community traditions that has been passed down for generations. This study aims to analyze science concepts and map basic competencies that can be integrated with the process of making lemang bamboo. This research was a qualitative research through ethno science studies. The research subjects were lemang sellers in Muaro Jambi and Batanghari city. Data collected through interviews and observations. Data were analyzed descriptively and reconstructed into scientific knowledge. The results of this study indicate that indigenous knowledge about the process of making lemang bamboo which can be reconstructed into scientific knowledge. The concept of science found in the process of making lemang bamboo were measurement, classification of living things, temperature and heat. The process of making lemang bamboo can be used as a source of learning science.
Development of learning in conservation education subject based on the natural resources potency in the Taman Wisata Alam Bengkulu City
Authors: Aswin P , Lestari D D , Karyadi B 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aims of this study is to develop conservation education based on the potential of natural resources in the city of Bengkulu to improve scientific writing skills. This type of research is research and development (analysis, design, development). The steps of research are exploring of Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) as area conservation, collecting data of each ecosystem, identifying of biodiversity, make a map of potency TWA area, designing of material teaching. The results of this study are: 1) There is a coastal forest ecosystem that has vegetation types of trees, shrubs, bushes, grass, fungi, pteridophyte, and bryophyte; 2) Mapping the potential of conservation have coastal, swamp, and mangrove 3) Teaching materials developed from potential TWA conservation areas have introduction of TWA, instructions for students to exploring area conservation, guide activity of writing article based on the exploration experience of conservation area. The conclusion of this research is that research can be developed by utilizing the potential of conservation areas and designing teaching materials that guide students to practice writing.
Development of module of medicinal plants for the subject of organic chemistry in natural materials to stimulate metacognitive skills of students Tadris IPA IAIN Bengkulu
Authors: Lismeiriza L , Karyadi B , Ruyani A , Sundaryono A , Listiono A E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This research aims to develop a module of medicinal plants for the subject of organic chemistry in natural materials to stimulate the metacognitive skills of students Tadris IPA IAIN Bengkulu. The research method Refers to the steps of Research and Development. The research is Began by analyzing the needs of the subject of organic chemistry in natural and plant materials that are Often used by Bengkulu people as medicines to be used as learning resources in the form of modules. The trial of the module was limited to 16 students of the fourth semester in the IAIN Bengkulu, Natural Sciences Study Program. The results Showed that the metacognitive skills of students using the medicinal herbs module varied greatly. Student metacognitive skills are mostly good (50%), very good (6%), satisfactory (6%), and less (38%). The ability of students in the planning aspect has developed well while the aspects of monitoring, evaluating, and revising have not developed well (enough). This local potential medicinal plant module is Able to stimulate the metacognitive abilities of the fourth semester of students, Tadris natural sciences Study Program, IAIN Bengkulu viewed from the classical values.
A simplified computational model of possible hydrodynamic interactions between respiratory and swimming-related water flows in labriform-swimming fishes
Authors: Leung David B , Eldredge Jeff D , Gordon Malcolm S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Hydrodynamic interactions in bony fishes between respiratory fluid flows leaving the opercular openings and simultaneous flows generated by movements of downstream pectoral fins are both poorly understood and likely to be complex. Labriform-swimming fishes that swim primarily by moving only their pectoral fins are good subjects for these studies. We performed a computational fluid dynamics investigation of a simplified 2D model of these interactions based on previously published experimental observations of both respiratory and pectoral fin movements under both resting and slow, steady swimming conditions in two similar labriform swimmers: the bluegill sunfish (L. macrochirus) and the largemouth bass (M. salmoides). We carried out a parametric study investigating the effects that swimming speed, strength of opercular flow and phase difference between the pectoral fin motion and the opercular opening and closing have on the thrust and sideslip forces generated by the pectoral fins during both the abduction and adduction portions of the fin movement cycle. We analyzed pressure distributions on the fin surface to determine physical differences in flows with and without opercular jets. The modeling indicates that complex flow structures emerge from the coupling between the opercular jets and vortex shedding from pectoral fins. The jets from the opercular openings appear to exert significant influence on the forces generated by the fins; they are potentially significant in the maneuverability of at least some labriform swimmers. The numerical simulations and the analysis establish a framework for the study of these interactions in various labriform swimmers in a variety of flow regimes. Similar situations in groups of fishes using other swimming modes should also be investigated.
Biodegradable JDBM coating stent has potential to be used in the treatment of benign biliary strictures
Authors: Guo Lili , Yu Lanting , Zhao Qiuyan , Gong Xiaoyuan , Xie Haoran , Yuan Guangyin , Li Baiwen , Wan Xinjian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In our previous study, to find out the optimal alloy suitable for biliary surgery, magnesium alloy Jiao Da Bio-magnesium (denoted as JDBM) alloy, Zn–3Cu alloys, and their respective coating (MgF2–PDLLA) products were produced for our research. We found that JDBM seems to be a potential material for clinical biliary stent application due to its uniform degradation and good compatibility. In order to apply the JDBM alloy to treat benign bile duct stricture, our group prepared the bare JDBM and its coating product into finished stents by mesh weaving carving technology and conducted the mechanical property tests, degradation tests and biocompatibility tests. During the mechanical property tests, we found the bare JDBM stent was more suitable than titanium alloy stent when applies to the bile duct, and the coating of the JDBM coating stent has no effect on its mechanical properties. Our in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that the degradation rate of the JDBM coating stent is lower than that of the JDBM stent, and both stents were biosafe. Thus, there is promise for JDBM coating stents for the treatment of benign biliary strictures.
Capability of core-sheath polyvinyl alcohol–polycaprolactone emulsion electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in releasing strontium ranelate for bone regeneration
Authors: Abdollahi Boraei Seyyed Behnam , Nourmohammadi Jhamak , Bakhshandeh Behnaz , Dehghan Mohammad Mehdi , Gholami Hossein , Gonzalez Zoilo , Sanchez-Herencia Antonio Javier , Ferrari Begona 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Core-sheath nanofibrous scaffolds from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–strontium ranelate (SrR)–Polycaprolactone (PCL) were prepared by water in oil electrospinning method. Thus, PCL (the oil phase) was used as the shell part and a mixture of PVA and SrR (the water phase) was inserted in the core. The amounts of SrR was varied from 0 to 15 wt.% Mussel-inspired dopamine-gelatin coating was done on the nanofibrous to improve their hydrophilicity and cellular attachment. The effect of the SrR content on morphology, mechanical, physicochemical, in vitro release behaviors, and biological properties as well as in vivo bone regeneration was investigated. Morphological observations revealed that continuous nanofibers with a core/shell structure were successfully obtained and the fibers diameter increased as the SrR content rose. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that SrR was molecularly distributed in the nanofibers and increasing the amount of the SrR decreased the crystallinity of the nanofibers. Moreover, the SrR release was regulated through the mechanism of Fickian diffusion and it was assumed as fast as possible in the samples with higher SrR content. The mesenchymal stem cell culturing showed improved cell proliferation by adding SrR and accelerating the expression of ALP, Runx2, Col I, and OCN genes. Besides, the SrR-loaded nanofibers improved bone formation of calvarial defects in a rat model as revealed by in vivo investigations.
Light-assisted therapy for biofilm infected micro-arc oxidation TiO2 coating on bone implants
Authors: Han Xiang , Zhang Guannan , Chai Maozhou , Zhang Xiangyu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Implant-associated infections is a main factor leading to the failure of titanium (Ti) implants. Micro-arc oxidation is a convenient and effective technique to form a biocompatible metal (Ag+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) ions-doped TiO2 coatings to combat bacterial infections. However, compared with the sterilization by metal ions, light-triggered antibacterial therapies have accepted more attention due to its higher antibacterial efficiency and security. Although TiO2 is an excellent photocatalyst, it can be triggered by ultraviolet light due to the wide band gap. Herein, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) modified TiO2 coating was fabricated on Ti by a hybrid process of micro-arc oxidation and hydrothermal treatment. The hybrid coating exhibits excellent antibacterial activity under the irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared light because of the synergistic antibacterial effects of reactive oxygen species and hyperthermia, and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilm can be eradicated within 15 min both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, collagen decorated on the surface of the hybrid coating can improve the proliferation, adhesion and spreading of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts.