bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closed‐loop artificial endocrine pancreas from Japan
Authors: Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Tanioka Nobuhisa , Munekage Masaya , Uemura Sunao , Maeda Hiromichi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe development of a closed‐loop artificial pancreas (AP) in the Western countries and Japan is different. In Western countries, wearable AP with a closed‐loop glycemic control system has been developed as a treatment for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. On the contrary, in Japan, bedside closed‐loop AP explored by a Japanese company (Nikkiso, Tokyo, Japan) has developed as perioperative glycemic control device in surgical patients and acute care patients with emergency. In this article, we reviewed the scientific evidence in the past and present and future prospects of perioperative glycemic control using bedside AP with a closed‐loop system in Japan. Conventional perioperative strict glycemic controls have three major problems: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and variability in blood glucose concentrations. In Japan, perioperative strict glycemic control using the current bedside AP STG‐55 (Nikkiso, Tokyo, Japan) has been developed since 2010. This novel glycemic control method achieved not only stable glycemic control without hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and less variability of blood glucose concentrations but also reduced postoperative infectious complications in patients undergoing major surgeries. Among the rapidly increasing number of surgical or emergency patients with diabetes, frailty, and sarcopenia of intrinsic glucose intolerance, more sophisticated and smaller AP available easily in operating rooms and intensive care units will be warranted to promote improved therapeutic outcomes in such critically ill patients.
Effects of maternal mental health on prenatal movement profiles in twins and singletons
Authors: Reissland Nadja , Einbeck Jochen , Wood Rebecca , Lane Alison 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimPrenatal experiences, including maternal stress, depression and anxiety, form crucial building blocks affecting the maturation of the foetal central nervous system. Previous research has examined foetal movements without considering effects of maternal mental health factors critical for healthy foetal development. The aim of this research is to assess the effects of maternal mental health factors on foetal twin compared with singleton movement profiles.MethodWe coded foetal touch and head movements in 56 ultrasound scans, from a prospective opportunity sample of 30 mothers with a healthy pregnancy (mean gestational age 27.8 weeks for singleton and 27.2 for twins). At the ultrasound scan appointment, participants completed questionnaires assessing their stress, depression and anxiety.ResultsMaternal depression increased foetal self‐touch significantly. In foetal twins, maternal stress significantly decreased and maternal depression significantly increased other twin touch. Maternal mental health factors affected the head movements of twins significantly more than singletons, with maternal depression decreasing head movement frequency for twins significantly.ConclusionThese results indicate that maternal mental health might have an impact on types of body schemata formed in utero, in twin compared with singleton pregnancies. Future research needs to examine whether these prenatal effects affect postnatal differences in body awareness.
Progress, challenges and global approaches to rare diseases
Authors: Groft Stephen C. , Posada Manuel , Taruscio Domenica 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRare diseases occur globally at every stage of life. Patients, families and caregivers have many unmet medical and social needs leading to extraordinary psychosocial and economic burdens. Efforts to improve diagnostic capabilities and to develop therapies for an estimated 7000 rare diseases have met with considerable success. In the United States, a rare disease or condition is one affecting fewer than 200,000 people. In the European Union (EU), a rare disease is any disease affecting fewer than 5 people in 10,000 (less than 1 in 2000 people). However, there are no effective treatments for 90 per cent of rare diseases. There is a need to expand awareness, advocacy and outreach to everyone including those with low incomes, poor literacy, minority ethnic status and living in underserved and marginalised populations in urban and rural areas as well as in developing nations throughout the world. The acceptance of patients as research partners complements the increased research emphasis and major regulatory initiatives leading to expedited review and approval programmes for products for serious or life‐threatening conditions. The pipeline of new therapies provides hope to untreated patients. Advances in medical bioinformatics, artificial intelligence and machine learning with access to big data continue to identify novel therapeutics for screening and evaluation. Advanced analytics can identify the patterns of disease occurrence, predict disease progression, identify patient response to treatments, establish optimal care guidelines and generate research hypotheses with the narrowly identified research patient populations.
Utilising recorded music to reduce stress and enhance infant neurodevelopment in neonatal intensive care units
Authors: Mikulis Nicole , Inder Terrie E. , Erdei Carmina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThis paper summarises published evidence on the use of recorded music in high‐risk infants to reduce stress and improve neurodevelopment, forming recommendations for proposed clinical applications in neonatal intensive care units.MethodsWe searched two comprehensive library catalogues and two databases for articles evaluating the impact of recorded music interventions on hospitalised preterm infants. Original and review papers published in English in the 10 years prior to this search were selected if the study included a component of recorded music interventions.ResultsMost original studies (80.95%) and all literature reviews (100%) reported positive effects of recorded music interventions for preterm infants, primarily in the short term. No negative effects were reported. Evidence is emerging regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of recorded music on longer‐term effects on preterm infant neurodevelopment. Clinical applications were suggested drawing upon available evidence. Due to generally small sample sizes and variability in study design, unanswered questions remain.ConclusionCarefully designed recorded music interventions appear to be safe, feasible and effective in reducing stress and improving neurodevelopment of hospitalised infants. Additional rigorous, well‐powered trials with relevant outcomes are needed to further refine specific elements for recorded music interventions to better inform practice.
How capital markets assess the credibility and accuracy of CSR reporting: Exploring the effects of assurance quality and CSR restatement issuance
Authors: Martínez‐Ferrero Jennifer , Ruiz‐Barbadillo Emiliano , Guidi Michele 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis research examines how the credibility and accuracy of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures enhance market confidence by exploring their effect on the cost of capital. How do capital markets react to higher‐quality assurance of CSR reporting? Can the hypothetical reduction in the cost of capital that assurance quality produces be explained by restatements of previous information given in these CSR reports? We explore the relationship between assurance quality, as a proxy for credibility and market confidence, and the mediating effect of CSR restatements as indicators of accuracy. We propose regression models with a sample of CSR reports issued by European companies. Building upon the signalling and legitimacy theories, the results support the positive effect of higher assurance quality statements on market confidence by confirming a decrease in the cost of capital; assurance quality gives an indication of credibility to the capital market and restatements related to methodological updates signal accuracy. The reduction in the cost of capital brought on by higher assurance quality appears to be determined by the issuance of CSR restatements, which create legitimacy for both client companies and assurance providers. CSR reporting and assurance have reached a greater level of maturity as demonstrated by the evolution of these practices and financial market perceptions.
Exploring the causes and consequences of cooperative behaviour in wild animal populations using a social network approach
Authors: Gokcekus Samin , Cole Ella F. , Sheldon Ben C. , Firth Josh A. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTUnderstanding why individuals carry out behaviours that benefit others, especially genetically unrelated others, has been a major undertaking in many fields and particularly in biology. Here, we focus on the cooperation literature from natural populations and present the benefits of a social network approach in terms of how it can help to identify and understand factors that influence the maintenance and spread of cooperation, but are not easily captured when solely considering independent dyadic interactions. We describe how various routes to cooperation can be tested within the social network framework. Applying the social network approach to data from natural populations can help to uncover the evolutionary and ecological pressures that lead to differences in cooperation and other social processes.
The CD226‐ERK1/2‐LAMP1 pathway is an important mechanism for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell cytotoxicity against chemotherapy‐resistant acute myeloid leukemia blasts and leukemia stem cells
Authors: Wu Kangni , Wang Li‐mengmeng , Liu Meng , Xiu Yanghui , Hu Yongxian , Fu Shan , Huang He , Xu Bing , Xiao Haowen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVγ9Vδ2 T cells are attractive effector cells for immunotherapy with potent cytotoxic activity against a variety of malignant cells. However, the effect of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells on chemotherapy‐resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts, especially highly refractory leukemia stem cells (LSCs) is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of cytotoxicity of allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T cells on chemotherapy‐resistant AML cell lines, as well as on primary AML blasts and LSCs obtained from refractory AML patients. The results indicated that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells can efficiently kill drug‐resistant AML cell lines in vitro and in vivo, and the sensitivity of AML cells to Vγ9Vδ2 T cell–mediated cytotoxicity is not influenced by the sensitivity of AML cells to chemotherapy. We further found that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells exhibited a comparable effect of cytotoxicity against LSCs to primary AML blasts. More importantly, we revealed that the CD226–extracellular signal–regulatory kinase1/2 (ERK1/2)–lysosome‐associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) pathway is an important mechanism for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell–induced cytotoxicity against AML cells. First, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells recognized AML cells by receptor‐ligand interaction of CD226–Nectin‐2, which then induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Finally, triggering the movement of lytic granules toward AML cells induced cytolysis of AML cells. The expression level of Nectin‐2 may be used as a novel marker to predict the susceptibility/resistance of AML cells to Vγ9Vδ2 T cell treatment.
Synergistic interaction of N‐3‐Br‐benzyl‐noscapine and docetaxel abrogates oncogenic potential of breast cancer cells
Authors: Dash Shruti Gamya , Kantevari Srinivas , Pandey Swaroop Kumar , Naik Pradeep Kumar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNoscapine, an opium alkaloid, was discovered to bind tubulin, arrest dividing cells at mitosis, and selectively induce apoptosis to cancer cells. N‐3‐Br‐Benzyl‐Noscapine (Br‐Bn‐Nos), one of the derivatives of noscapine, was demonstrated to have improved anticancer potential compared with noscapine. We approached to evaluate the single and combined effect of Br‐Bn‐Nos and docetaxel (DOX) based on molecular modeling and cellular study. The individual predicted free energy of binding (∆Gbind,pred) for Br‐Bn‐Nos and DOX with tubulin was found to be −28.89 and −36.07 kcal/mol based on molecular mechanics generalized Born solvation area (MM‐GBSA) as well as −26.21 and −34.65 kcal/mol based on molecular mechanics Poisson Boltzmann solvation area (MM‐PBSA), respectively. However, the ∆Gbind,pred of Br‐Bn‐Nos was significantly reduced (−33.02 and −30.24 kcal/mol using MM‐GBSA and MM‐PBSA) in the presence of DOX on its binding pocket. Parenthetically, the ∆Gbind,pred of DOX was significantly reduced (−37.17 and −32.80 kcal/mol using MM‐GBSA and MM‐PBSA) in the presence of Br‐Bn‐Nos on its binding pocket. The reduced ∆Gbind,pred in the presence of Br‐Bn‐Nos and DOX together indicated a combination effect of both the ligands. The combined interaction of both the agents onto tubulin dimmer was also determined experimentally using purified tubulin, in which a combination regimen of Br‐Bn‐Nos and DOX reduced the fluorescence intensity of tubulin to a higher value (68%) compared with the single regimen. Further, isobologram analysis revealed the synergistic effect of Br‐Bn‐Nos and DOX in antiproliferative activity using MCF‐7 cell line at 48 hr (sum FIC = 0.49) and at 72 hr (sum FIC = 0.62). The combination dose regimen of Br‐Bn‐Nos and DOX blocks the cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase and induces apoptosis to cancer cells more effectively compared with the single regimen. Taken together, our study provides compelling evidence that the anticancer potential of noscapine derivatives may be substantially improved when it is used in a combined application with DOX for breast cancer.
The Impact of Daily Discrimination on Sleep/Wake Problem Trajectories Among Diverse Adolescents
Authors: Xie Mingjun , Yip Tiffany , Cham Heining , El‐Sheikh Mona 
Published: June 2021

This study examines how everyday discrimination is associated with 6‐day trajectories of sleep/wake problems, operationalized as sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction, among 350 diverse adolescents (Mage = 14.27, SD = 0.61, 69% female; 22% African American, 41% Asian American, 37% Latinx; 24% multiethnic/racial; across participating schools, 72% of students eligible for free/reduced price lunch) in the Northeastern United States. Adolescents encountering discrimination experienced changes in sleep/wake problem trajectories (i.e., significant increases in same‐day sleep/wake problems), whereas adolescents reporting no discrimination experienced no changes in trajectories (Cohen’s ds = .51–.55). Multiethnic/racial (compared to monoethnic/racial) adolescents experiencing everyday discrimination reported greater same‐day sleep/wake problems, yet steeper decreases in sleep/wake problems suggesting stronger impact coupled with faster return to baseline levels.
Head and neck cancer in Cali, Colombia: Population‐based study
Authors: Aragón Natalia , Ordoñez Dora , Urrea María Fernanda , Holguín Jorge , Collazos Paola , García Luz Stella , Osorio María C. , Barreto José M. , Bravo Luis Eduardo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionHead and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most common type of cancer in the world. In Latin America, data on HCN are limited by the scarcity of population‐based cancer registries.ObjectiveTo describe survival and changes in the time trends of incidence and mortality rates of HCN with data from the Cali Cancer Population Registry (Colombia) during 1962‐2018.MethodMales and females of any age residing in Cali were included. The trends in incidence rates (1962‐2016) and mortality (1984‐2018) were analysed by calculating the mean annual percentage change (APC). Five‐year net survival was estimated for the four 5‐year periods of 1996‐2015 using the Pohar‐Perme method.ResultsDuring 1962‐2015, 5,110 new cases of HNC were recorded: 1,506 in the larynx, 1,377 in the oral cavity, 487 in the nose and paranasal sinuses, 643 in the oropharynx, 603 in the salivary glands and 360 in Naso‐Hypopharynx region. The incidence rates of HNC decreased significantly at all subsites, except in those associated with the human papillomavirus. Between 1984 and 2018, there were 1,941 deaths attributed to HNC, and the mortality rate decreased significantly. The 5‐year age‐standardized net survival was 43.2% in 1996‐2000, remained stable during the following decade, and for 2011‐2015 it was 50.9%.ConclusionThe incidence and mortality of HNC in Cali decreased significantly during the study period in both sexes.
Maxillary horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation using computer guided ridge splitting with simultaneous implant placement versus conventional technique: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hamzah Basel , Mounir Ragia , Ali Sherif , Mounir Mohamed 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundRidge splitting technique is considered one of the successful horizontal bone augmentation procedures especially for the maxillary bone, the aim of this study was to compare marginal bone loss using a novel ridge splitting protocol versus the conventional technique.Material & MethodsThis was a randomized clinical trial including 20 patients who were randomly assigned to ridge splitting with simultaneous implant placement at the anterior maxillary aesthetic zone (10 patients, 29 dental implant) using patient specific guides (PSGs) or conventional technique (10 patients, 29 dental implant). In the control group free hand ridge splitting was done, while in the study group all the splitting and drilling procedures were done through specific slits and sleeves at the patient specific guides. Radiographic Assessment included measurements of linear changes in the vertical dimensions of the labial plate of bone on cross sectional cuts of computed tomography (CBCT) using mimics software.ResultsWound healing was uneventful for all the patients except one patient in the control group that showed bad split and another showed buccal fenestration. The study group showed lower bone loss (1.38 ± 0.61 mm) compared to the control group (2.42 ± 0.63 mm), with statistical significance difference (P value = 0.001). The loss percentage also was higher in the study group (10.99 ± 4.76%) compared to the control group (19.12 ± 4.53%), and there was statistical significance difference between the two groups (P value = 0.001).ConclusionRidge splitting using PSGs appear to be efficient and promising than the free hand technique.
Dermal papilla cells and melanocytes response to physiological oxygen levels depends on their interactions
Authors: Abreu Carla M. , Reis Rui L. , Marques Alexandra P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundHuman dermal papilla (DP) cells and melanocytes (hMel) are central players in hair growth and pigmentation, respectively. In hair follicles (HFs), oxygen (O2) levels average 5%, being coupled with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), necessary to promote hair growth.Materials and MethodsDP cell and hMel proliferation and phenotype were studied under physiological (5%O2, physoxia) or atmospheric (21%O2, normoxia) oxygen levels. hMel‐DP cells interactions were studied in indirect co‐culture or by directly co‐culturing hMel with DP spheroids, to test whether their interaction affected the response to physoxia.ResultsPhysoxia decreased DP cell senescence and improved their secretome and phenotype, as well as hMel proliferation, migration, and tyrosinase activity. In indirect co‐cultures, physoxia affected DP cells’ alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity but their signalling did not influence hMel proliferation or tyrosinase activity. Additionally, ROS production was higher than in monocultures but a direct correlation between ROS generation and ALP activity in DP cells was not observed. In the 3D aggregates, where hMel are organized around the DP, both hMel tyrosinase and DP cells ALP activities, their main functional indicators, plus ROS production were higher in physoxia than normoxia.ConclusionsOverall, we showed that the response to physoxia differs according to hMel‐DP cells interactions and that the microenvironment recreated when in direct contact favours their functions, which can be relevant for hair regeneration purposes.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of endoscopic resection for colorectal laterally spreading tumors: Endoscopic submucosal dissection versus piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection
Authors: Sekiguchi Masau , Igarashi Ataru , Mizuguchi Yasuhiko , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Yamada Masayoshi , Sakamoto Taku , Maltzman Henrik , Falkén Ylva , Esaki Minoru , Matsuda Takahisa , Saito Yutaka 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesThe cost‐effectiveness of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (pEMR) for colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) remains unclear. We examined the cost‐effectiveness of these procedures for cases of colon/rectal LST‐non‐granular‐type ≥2 cm and LST‐granular‐mixed‐type ≥3 cm.MethodsWe performed a simulation model analysis using parameters based on clinical data from the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, and previous literature. The number of recurrences and surgeries and the required costs for 5 years following ESD and pEMR were assessed. Japanese cost data were used in the base‐case analysis, and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was performed. The Swedish cost data were used in the scenario analysis.ResultsEndoscopic submucosal dissection yielded a considerably lower number of recurrences and surgeries but required a higher cost than pEMR. The recurrence rates following ESD and pEMR were 0.9–1.3% and 21.1–25.9%, respectively. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios for an avoided recurrence and surgery for ESD against pEMR were 376,796–476,496 JPY (3575–4521 USD) and 7,335,436–8,187,476 JPY (69,604–77,689 USD), respectively. PSA demonstrated that the probability of ESD being chosen as a more cost‐effective option than pEMR was >50% at willingness‐to‐pay values of ≥400,000–500,000 JPY (3795–4744 USD) for avoiding a recurrence and ≥9,500,000–10,500,000 JPY (90,143–99,631 USD) for avoiding a surgery. In the scenario analysis, the required cost was also lower for ESD.ConclusionsOur findings suggest potentially favorable cost‐effectiveness of ESD, depending on cost settings and the willingness‐to‐pay value for avoiding recurrence/surgery.
Assessing a novel problem‐based learning approach with game elements in a business analytics course
Authors: Bayley Tiffany , Wheatley David , Hurst Ada 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBusiness education has traditionally relied on case‐based learning as its main form of active learning. However, this method is not always appropriate in introductory undergraduate business analytics courses, which require students to first master analytical techniques, best taught through examples of numerical problems. Building on established problem‐based learning (PBL) pedagogy, we propose a new approach in which students solve well‐structured problems in a gamified environment. The learner is challenged to solve a series of numerical problems at their own pace in a self‐directed manner. The series of problems are designed such that the student must find the correct solution to the first problem to unlock and progress to the next problem, and so on.To assess our method, both student outcomes and experience were evaluated in a controlled study that compared it to traditional lecturing. While student outcomes were similar, students perceived traditional lectures as more effective. Our results indicate that the game elements in our approach did not sufficiently increase student engagement to counteract negative student perceptions of PBL, which are well‐documented in the literature. We conclude with a discussion of advantages and drawbacks of this new approach, considerations for adapting it to virtual settings, and opportunities for expanding game elements to increase student engagement.