bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concierges syriens à Beyrouth, aux premières loges du refuge urbain
Authors: Drif Leila 
Published: August 2021

Les concierges (nawāṭīr) syriens sont au cœur de l’urbanité beyrouthine : pourvoyeurs de services de proximité pour les habitants des immeubles résidentiels, ils font office, depuis 2011, de « portes d’entrée sur la cité » pour les populations réfugiées de la guerre en Syrie. Cet article explore la dimension résidentielle du refuge syrien à Beyrouth à partir du rôle d’interface des concierges. Dans un premier temps, je reviens sur l’évolution du métier dans les stratégies migratoires des exilés syriens, avant d’examiner en second lieu, la position urbaine charnière qu’ils occupent aujourd’hui dans l’accès à la ville des réfugiés qui y résident.
La crise de la Covid-19 et le repositionnement international de la Chine
Authors: Kernen Antoine , Mathys Alexandre 
Published: August 2021

En nous appuyant sur la presse internationale, nous mettons en évidence les différentes perceptions de la diplomatie sanitaire chinoise au début de la pandémie. Alors que de nombreux médias européens ont parlé de « l’échec de la diplomatie des masques » à l’été 2020, la lecture de la presse africaine ou chinoise remet en cause ce point de vue. Certes, le gouvernement chinois a mis plusieurs mois à inventer son narratif, mais il a ensuite su faire taire les critiques internes. En mettant en scène l’efficacité de ses mesures tout en se repositionnant comme expert, il a pu dénoncer un manque de rigueur dans les mesures prises à l’étranger. Ici, nous interrogeons en particulier les contours de la diplomatie du masque. Nous postulons qu’elle suit la recomposition des alliances qui accompagnent la montée en puissance de la Chine à l’international. Ainsi, si la diplomatie sanitaire de la Chine nous est aujourd’hui inaudible en Europe, ce n’est pas forcément en raison de son échec, mais peut-être parce qu’elle ne nous est plus destinée.
China’s Response to EU-Asia Connectivity Strategy: A Macro and Micro View in Analysis
Authors: Yi Dan , Li Zhuyu 
Published: August 2021

Le document ‘Connecting Europe and Asia – Building blocks for an EU Strategy’ de 2018, adopté par les États membres de l’UE, a défini sa stratégie globale concernant la relation Europe-Asie. Il reste à savoir comment cet important document a été reçu et interprété en Chine. À partir de notre enquête et de notre analyse, cet article soutient que, bien que les informations aient été communiquées par le biais de plateformes officielles (la macro-information) en Chine, les discussions nécessaires (la micropénétration) entre les universitaires et les jeunes se sont avérées insuffisantes. Il est donc essentiel que l’UE et la Chine coopèrent, améliorent leur communication et encouragent une réflexion approfondie sur ce sujet, en favorisant la compréhension mutuelle entre les jeunes de l’UE et de la Chine. Cela peut se faire en exploitant leurs nouvelles plateformes préférées.
GRC et internationalisation des entreprises formelles versus informelles : comparaison Cameroun – Gabon
Authors: Ndjambou Ruphin , Kamgang Gouanlong Ingrid Nadège 
Published: August 2021

Face à une demande de plus en plus exigeante, les entreprises orientent leurs activités vers des marchés étrangers pour des raisons d’élargissement du marché, d’optimisation des conditions de production. Les entreprises se tournent vers l’international. Si l’on prend en considération la nécessité des échanges multiformes imposés par les activités d’importation et d’exportation ; la réussite à l’international repose donc sur le marketing relationnel. Autrement dit, le degré d’internationalisation d’une entreprise dépend de sa capacité à bâtir une relation profitable sur le long terme avec les meilleurs clients. Les résultats des tests des hypothèses formulées dans le cadre de cette étude révèlent qu’ils n’existent pas de différences significatives entre les outils de GRC dont disposent les entreprises formelles et informelles en contexte camerounais et gabonais. De plus, la GRC aurait un impact significatif sur le degré d’internationalisation des entreprises formelles versus informelles. Ce qui vient annuler la dichotomie formel et informel permettant ainsi de faire confiance au secteur informel dans sa contribution au PIB des pays africain en général et en particulier au Gabon et au Cameroun.
Treatment of periocular advanced basal cell carcinoma with Hedgehog pathway inhibitors: a single-center study and a new dedicated therapeutic protocol
Authors: De Giorgi Vincenzo , Trane Luciana , Pieretti Giulia , Santoro Nicola , Silvestri Flavia , Venturi Federico , Scarfi Federica , Maio Vincenza , Spinelli Giuseppe , Scoccianti Silvia , Guerrini Laura , Massi Daniela , Mazzini Cinzia , Doni Laura 
Published: August 2021

Background: The management of difficult-to-treat periocular basal cell carcinoma becomes very challenging in cases of delayed diagnosis, leading to the development of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of Hedgehog pathway inhibitors (vismodegib and sonidegib) treatment in patients affected by periocular locally advanced basal cell carcinoma. We focused on the common adverse events and their correlation with the administration schedule in order to determine a management protocol specific for the periocular area.Methods: This observational prospective study included a single-center case series with patients who were histologically confirmed to have periocular or orbital locally advanced basal cell carcinoma, treated with Hedgehog pathway inhibitors.Results: All patients benefitted in terms of regression or stabilization of the neoplasm. In the first months of treatment, the HPIs were well tolerated, and the first important side effects appeared after about 5 months of continuous use of the drug.Conclusion: These data could lead to a new type of therapeutic scheme where neoadjuvant therapy could be followed by pulse therapy as an adjuvant to surgery.
Vitamin D Supplementation and Bone Health in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Caronan-Parallag Rema G. , Uy Tristan Marvin Z. , Anacleto Francisco E. , Aragon Eric Emmanuel T. , Resontoc Lourdes Paula Real 
Published: August 2021

Background:
While steroids have been the standard treatment in nephrotic syndrome (NS), they are known to deleteriously affect bone mineralization.

Objectives:
The objectives were to determine the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation among children with NS on steroid therapy.

Methods:
We searched databases, scanned reference lists, and contacted trial investigators. Two reviewers collected and graded randomized controlled trials comparing oral vitamin D3 with placebo or no intervention in terms of bone mineral content/density (BMC/BMD), serum markers, and adverse events in pediatric NS.

Results:
We included 4 trials (164 subjects) with a collectively high risk of performance and/or detection bias. Although the vitamin D group had significantly more positive absolute change-from-baseline BMC than controls (mean difference 1.15; 95% CI 0.07-2-22;I 62%), the two trials were heterogeneous and included data. Moreover, in terms of other outcome measures, we did not find sufficient evidence of benefit from treatment. One study reported significantly improved parathyroid hormone levels but also a higher risk of hypercalciuria with vitamin D use. No nephrocalcinosis was reported. Subgroup analysis of first-episode NS revealed significantly more improved BMD with supplementation.

Conclusion:
Available evidence was low-quality and insufficient to recommend vitamin D supplementation in pediatric NS, although there may be benefit in first-episode NS. In contrast, vitamin D administration may be associated with hypercalciuria.
Payment for water-ecosystem services monitoring in Brazil
Authors: Lima Ana Paula Morais de , Prado Rachel Bardy , Latawiec Agnieszka Ewa 
Published: August 2021

The reduction of tropical forests has generated a loss of ecosystem services across the globe. In Brazil, essential biomes related to water provision (such as the Atlantic Forest and Savanna) have been degraded, compromising water-ecosystem services. Payment for water-ecosystem services (water PES) has been implemented as a tool to stimulate changes in the use and management of these areas. Many water PES projects have emerged in Brazil using forest restoration, aiming to improve water ecosystem services. In this context, this study identified the types of monitoring carried out in Brazilian water PES projects, to include their main characteristics and gaps. Five Brazilian projects were selected for analysis as case studies. Interviews were then conducted with stakeholders to get current data on their monitoring practices. The data from the literature review, case study approach, and interviews were analyzed from the perspective of monitoring guides recommendations. Different aspects were analyzed, such as objectives, institutional arrangements, type of monitoring, indicators, and frequency of monitoring. The study indicates that there is a lack of standardized methods, making it difficult to specify the results of the implemented actions. The central gap is related to benefit monitoring. It is necessary to establish a holistic monitoring system, dealing with the ecosystem as a complex socio-ecological system. Some perspectives to solve the problems were proposed. The results of this work may help not only improve the current and future PES schemes in Brazil but also in other countries, especially developing ones, where vulnerable populations depend upon them.
EFFECT OF TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF FMCG IN KENYA
Authors: Muhalia Eric , Ngugi Patrick , Moronge Makori 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transportation management systems on supply chain performance of FMCG in Kenya
Methodology: The study adopted descriptive research design. The unit of observation was the operations manager of the 51 FMCG manufacturers located in Nairobi. The sampling frame of the current study consisted of operations managers in the manufacturers of the FMCGs in Nairobi. The study used the census method to select 51 manufacturers of the FMCGs in Nairobi, thus the sample of the study was 51 respondents. Primary data was used in the study. The study used questionnaires to collect data. Mixed methods technique of analyzing data was used where both descriptive and inferential analysis were used. The data collected from the field was analyzed using SPSS 23 program. The questionnaires were referenced and the items in them coded for easier data entry. The presentation of the findings was done using tables.
Results: The study found that transport management systems positively and significantly influences Supply chain performance of FMCG in Kenya. The study established that transport management systems provides trade compliance information and documentation; transport management systems make it easier for businesses to manage and optimize their transportation operations, whether they are by land, air, or sea; transport management systems ensures timely delivery of freight and goods; transport management systems provides visibility into day-to-day transportation operations; and transportation management systems helps to streamline shipping process.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that companies should automate their scheduling process this will lead to fewer interventions by the management and therefore lowering any chances of delays. The study also suggests that companies can embrace the technology of Radio Frequency Identifications in boosting up their performance in regard to effectiveness and efficiency of manufacturing and performance of supply chain
EFFECTS OF CO-DIGESTION OF POULTRY DROPPINGS AND MAIZE COBS ON BIOGAS YIELDS AND SOME PROXIMATE PROPERTIES OF THEIR BY-PRODUCTS
Authors: Stephen Chomini Meyiwa , Mariam Ameh , Florence Osaseboh Osaze , Emilia Chomini Akunna 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The study focused on Co-digestion trials of poultry droppings and maize cobs in order to assess its effects on biogas yield and some proximate properties of their by-products.Methodology: Five different treatment ratios A(25:75), B(50:50), C(75:25), D(100:0) and E(0:100) of these wastes in triplicates were made into slurries (1:3w/v ratio) and separately fed to 13.6L locally fabricated digesters for 56 days retention time. There was a progressive increase in biogas yield across the treatments within the first six weeks of digestion, followed by a sharp decline at the 7th and 8th weeks.Findings: All co-substrates treatments had higher gas yields in the order of B(2481.30ml) > D(2197.90ml) > A(2163.00ml) > C(2116.30) > E(1713.20ml). The proximate contents gave E(763.60%), A(153.73%), B132.44%), C(79.37%), D(48.06%) as % increases in ash, while %decreases in crude lipid and moisture contents were E (77.04, 21.02), B(72.70, 56.90), D(65.99, 40.94), A(65.70, 53.21) and C (56.83, 49.89), respectively. All but treatment D(5.74%) had % increases in crude protein. There was a general decrease in total solids(TS), volatile solids (VS), chemical oxygen demands (COD), metabolizable energy(ME). All co-substrates had higher % bioconversion efficiencies(%BE) over the singles with B(24.50%), C(57.90%) and A(21.39%) highest values for TS, VS and ME reduction, respectively. The % C/N reduction was in the order of treatment E(81.80%)> A(68.02%)> B(54.42%),>C(54.23%) >D (12.94%).Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The process had revealed the alternative energy potentials and consequential implication on the biochemical composition of the effluents
DESDE A DIALÉTICA DISCURSIVA EXPOSITIVO EXPLICATIVA VERSUS GÊNERO INFORMATIVO ATÉ A IDEOLOGIA DE GÊNEROS
Authors: Silva Moises Lopes 
Published: August 2021

A confusão textual resultante de uma imposição ideológica na tipologia de texto introduziu mesclas de objetivos paradoxais como dialogicamente aceitáveis, por exemplo, o texto literário é dialético e não paradoxal ao texto não literário ainda que as características do primeiro inexistam no segundo; não se trata aqui de mesclas de tipologias normais numa discussão. A características do texto literário é a universalidade do tema, a verossimilhança, a catarse e a métrica (Souza, 2007) que são as mesmas do mundo do narrar (Bronckart, 2003), da narrativa (Adam, 1987) e da tipologia expositiva informativa reconfigurada para a tipologia descritiva de Adam (1987) em Pressus (2017). O artigo de opinião que surgiu como gênero textual em 2006 através do manual Artigo de Opinião escrito por Jaqueline P. Barbosa (Sequência didádica artigo de opinião, 2006) como proposição das escolas públicas do Estado de São Paulo trouxe como princípio o paradoxo e não a dialética quando Barbosa postulou que argumentar não é dar opinião abandonando em seguida o termo Artigo de Opinião em seus trabalhos futuros (Barbosa, 2010). Os alunos das escolas públicas passaram a confundir opinião com argumento e a paralaxe (Carvalho, 2015) própria de estudos ideológicos passou a postular paradoxo como dialética e assim fez-se a confusão desde o discurso expositivo explicativo (argumento com provas fatos evidências, não literário) versus o informativo (propaganda, publicitário, narrativa, opinião, literário) até pretender postular ideologia de gênero.
Malignant Transformation of Chronic Nonspecific Sialadenitis: A Rare Clinical Presentation
Authors: Ashish Gaurav , Ashish Gaurav 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
A 26-year-old man presented with a large, painless, mobile, pedunculated, fluctuant, and nontransilluminant swelling hanging in front of the left ear. He had undergone superficial parotidectomy 9 months ago elsewhere for chronic nonspecific sialadenitis of left parotid gland. The fine needle aspiration was nondiagnostic and revealed turbid dark yellow color fluid. A total parotidectomy was performed to remove the lesion completely as the tumor was involving the deep lobe. Histopathology was consistent with features of low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Immediate postoperatively the patient had a House and Brackman grade III left facial nerve paresis, which later improved to grade II. This unusual presentation of malignant transformation of chronic nonspecific sialadenitis is one of the rare unique reported cases to our knowledge.
How to cite this article: Ashish G, Michael RC. Malignant Transformation of Chronic Nonspecific Sialadenitis: A Rare Clinical Presentation. Int J Head Neck Surg 2021;12(1):31–33.
COVID-19 and Periodontitis: A Reality to Live with
Authors: Patil Shankargouda , Sumayli Hassan A , Sultan Alnomari , Hazazi Majed A , Mashi Majed H , Mobarki Ali YJ , Hadi Maryam S Ali , Abulqasim Huthyfah Mohammed , Thubab Bandar Mohammed M 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic that is advancing at a rapid rate. The future course of the disease includes severe respiratory infection and also leads to death if unattended. Meticulous measures are necessary before attending any patient. The dental operatories and the clinic surroundings must be well sanitized so as to prevent the spread of pandemic.

Aim and objective
This review discusses in brief about the pathophysiology and course of COVID-19. Further, we discussed in detail the management aspects of patients in periodontal perspective and the sanitization procedures required for the dental clinic.

Review results
The SARS coronavirus enters the human circulation via the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) receptors which are also found on the oral mucosal surfaces. Furin and Cathepsin L are the pro-inflammatory molecules released during pathogenesis of periodontitis and mediate the molecular pathways that help the virus invade into the host. The clinic set-up should be modified to best suit the pandemic conditions. This includes the three phases, i.e., phase I: preparatory phase; phase II: implementation phase; and phase III: follow-up. The patient management is explained based on the emergency needs of the patient based on the recent AAP classification of periodontal diseases and conditions 2017 as emergency, urgent, and elective treatment needs which have been explained in detail.

Conclusion
It can be strongly concluded that there is direct relationship between oral health and systemic health. The treatment procedures and sanitization protocols must be definitely modified. Further consensus and systematic reviews help us arriving at a more standardized protocol.

Clinical significance
This review would help clinicians modify the way they treat patients in the clinic and provide better services depending upon the emergency needs of the patient.
How to cite this article
Jafer MA, Hazazi MA, Mashi MH, et al. COVID-19 and Periodontitis: A Reality to Live with. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21(12):1398–1403.
Fashion Business Cases
Authors: Davis Burns Leslie 
Published: August 2021

Fashion Business Cases: A Student Guide to Learning with Case Studies allows students to apply what they are learning in the classroom to real-life situations in the global fashion industry. Adapted from the Bloomsbury Fashion Business Cases (BFBC) online resource, this text will aid instructors in providing high-quality examples from scholars around the world. A mix of introductory, intermediate, and advanced cases ensure that students of all levels can develop the business, communication, and problem-solving skills required of fashion industry professionals. Topics range from corporate social responsibility and sustainable fashion to transparent brand communication and cultural sensitivity. This book is designed to foster critical and ethical thinking as students enter the fashion industry.

Key Features:
- 40 cases studies, of introductory, intermediate, and advanced level
- Learning Objectives and Business Questions included with each case
- An introductory chapter teaching students how to use case studies effectively
- Instructor’s Guide with Teaching Notes
Cataract prevalence following a nationwide policy to shorten wait time for cataract surgery
Authors: Yang Ge , El-Defrawy Sherif , Trope Graham E , Buys Yvonne M , Liu Sophia Y , Jin Ya-Ping 
Published: August 2021

Background: Cataract is an age-related eye disease. Visual impairment from cataract can be restored by cataract surgery. In 2004 the Canadian federal government invested in a multibillion dollar wait time strategy to shorten the wait time for cataract surgery, a government-insured health service in all Canadian jurisdictions. We assessed if this nationwide policy reduced the number of Canadians waiting for cataract surgery as more individuals with cataract were free of cataract following the rapidly conducted surgery.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study we analyzed data from randomly selected individuals aged greater than or equal to 45 years responding to the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) in 2000/2001, 2003, 2005, and the CCHS Healthy Aging in 2008/2009. Information on cataract was obtained from self-reported questionnaire. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of cataract was calculated for comparisons.
Results: Cataract was reported by 0.93 million Canadians in 2000/2001, 0.99 million in 2003, 1.10 million in 2005, and 1.34 million in 2008/2009. This corresponds to an age- and sex-standardized prevalence of 8.9% in 2000/2001, 9.0% in 2003, 9.5% in 2005, and 10.2% (P <0.05) in 2008/2009. The increase in age- and sex-standardized prevalence was greater in individuals without secondary school graduation than those with secondary school graduation or higher (4.3% versus 1.3%, P < 0.05) and was seen in all Canadian provinces. The largest increase was documented in a province (Saskatchewan, from 9.8% in 2000/2001 to 12.6% in 2008/2009, P < 0.05) with the longest median wait times for cataract surgery (118 days in 2008) and the lowest number of ophthalmologists per 100,000 population (1.96 versus 3.35 national average).
Conclusions: The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of cataract increased 4-5 years after the multibillion-dollar wait time strategy was launched in 2004. A lower threshold to diagnose cataract may be one potential reason for this finding. Further research is needed to understand the true reasons for the increase.
How to cite this article: Yang G, El-Defrawy S, Trope GE, Buys YM, Liu SY, Jin YP. Cataract prevalence following a nationwide policy to shorten wait time for cataract surgery. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol. 2021 Summer; 10(2): 86-94. https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdiophthal1426