bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current and future transcatheter aortic valve replacement valves
Authors: Eikelboom Rachel , Moran Ricky Muller , Yan Weiang , Yamashita Michael , Patel Apurva , Reardon Michael , Spooner Aaron 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
This review analyzes currently available commercial transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) valves as well as valves in investigational status and those in preclinical testing. The design features and clinical outcomes of the Edwards SAPIEN S3 and Medtronic Evolut PRO+ are described and compared with highlight clinical circumstances where one may be favoured over the other.

Recent findings
Multiple randomized and nonrandomized trials have compared commercial and investigational TAVR valves. The results of these are summarized and discussed within this review with a focus on how the SAPIEN S3 and Evolut PRO+ both compare to each other as well as various valves in different investigational stages.

Summary
TAVR is an innovative and ground-breaking technology that will forever have revolutionized the management of aortic stenosis. Though the technology and valves themselves have come a long way, further developments are necessary if we are to continue to expand its indications and achieve a safer perioperative experience with more durable valves.
Nondiffractive wavefront-shaping extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens: visual performance and patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Kohnen Thomas , Petermann Kerstin , Böhm Myriam , Hemkeppler Eva , Ahmad Wasim , Hinzelmann Lisa , Pawlowicz Katarzyna , Jandewerth Tyll , Lwowski Christoph 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To evaluate visual performance and patient-reported outcomes after bilateral implantation of a new nondiffractive wavefront-shaping extended depth-of-focus (EDoF) intraocular lens (IOL).

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.

Design:
Prospective, single-arm, single-center study.

Methods:
Patient population: 16 patients (32 eyes) who received bilateral implantation of a nondiffractive wavefront-shaping EDoF IOL (AcrySof IQ Vivity) were included. Target refraction in both eyes was emmetropia. Observation procedure: Monocular and binocular uncorrected (UCVA) and distance-corrected (DCVA) visual acuity (VA), refractive outcome, defocus curve, and contrast sensitivity (CS) were evaluated 3 months after surgery with a questionnaire on optical phenomena and spectacle independence. Main outcome measure: 3-month postoperative monocular and binocular UCVA and CDVA (logMAR), defocus curve, CS, and quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire results.

Results:
16 patients with 32 eyes were included. Mean spherical equivalent was −0.16 ± 0.37 diopters (D) 3 months postoperatively. Binocular uncorrected distance VA at distance, intermediate, and near was 0.01 ± 0.05 logMAR at 4 m, 0.05 ± 0.05 logMAR at 80 cm, 0.07 ± 0.06 logMAR at 66 cm, and 0.25 ± 0.11 logMAR at 40 cm, respectively. Despite some minor optical phenomena, 88% of patients would choose the same lens. 63% of patients reported no optical phenomena at all. CS was 1.25 ± 0.41 logCS (photopic), 0.96 ± 0.24 logCS (mesopic), and 0.93 ± 0.24 (mesopic + glare).

Conclusions:
This nondiffractive wavefront-shaping EDoF IOL provides good VA at far and intermediate distance and functional near VA. It showed good QoV and CS and high spectacle independence for distance and intermediate vision with significantly less optical phenomena than with other EDoF or multifocal IOLs.
Intraoperative complications and visual outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with retinal vein occlusion: multicenter database study
Authors: Ponder Christian M. , Rather Peyton A. , Soliman Mohmed K. , Jabbehdari Sayena , Neuhouser Adam , Siddiqui Mohammed Z. , Yang Yit C. , Sallam Ahmed B. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To compare the visual outcomes and the rate of intraoperative complications in eyes with and without retinal vein occlusion (RVO) after phacoemulsification over a period of 15 years in a real-world clinical setting.

Setting:
8 independent U.K. National Health Service ophthalmology departments.

Design:
Retrospective, multicenter cohort study.

Methods:
Eyes were classified based on the presence or absence of RVO. For analyzing visual acuity (VA) and the incidence of postoperative cystoid macular edema, eyes with any copathology, combined ocular surgical procedures, and intraoperative complications, or of diabetic patients were excluded.

Results:
Of 178 856 eyes, 1796 eyes with RVO preoperatively and 177 060 eyes without RVO were allocated to the RVO group and the reference group, respectively. Cataract surgery in eyes with RVO was associated with an improvement in the mean VA of 0.35 logMAR (3 to 4 Snellen lines), and a substantial gain (≥0.30 logMAR units [3 Snellen lines]) was achieved in 55.10% of eyes at 4 to 12 weeks postoperatively. The mean postoperative VA was worse in eyes with RVO compared with that in eyes without RVO at 4 to 12 weeks (logMAR 0.40 vs 0.12 [20/50 vs 20/25]; P < .0001). The proportion of eyes achieving a visual gain of ≥ 0.3 logMAR (3 Snellen lines) was also lower in eyes with RVO (55.10% vs 64.55%; P = .0076). There was no statistically significant difference in posterior capsule rupture rates between the 2 groups (1.73% vs 1.72%; P = .9741).

Conclusions:
Although postoperative vision improved significantly in eyes with RVO after cataract surgery, this improvement was worse than that achieved by eyes without RVO.
Dimensions of the limbus–ciliary sulcus region by OCT and correlation study in a large population
Authors: Fernández-Vigo José Ignacio , Shi Hang , Almorín-Fernández-Vigo Ignacio , Burgos-Blasco Bárbara , De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño Lucía , Kudsieh Bachar , Fernández-Vigo José Ángel , Macarro-Merino Ana 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
To assess the dimensions of the limbus–ciliary sulcus region measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and conduct a correlation study in a large healthy population.

Setting:
Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Methods:
The dimensions of the limbus–ciliary sulcus region were measured in the temporal and nasal quadrants using a SS-OCT. The limbus–sulcus distance (LSD), the posterior iris line-ocular surface to limbus distance (PIOLD), and the angle-to-sulcus distance (ASD) were measured. These distances were then assessed for correlations with factors such as age, sex, refractive error, anterior chamber angle (ACA), ciliary muscle thickness (CMT), conjunctival–Tenon capsule thickness (CTT), and anterior scleral thickness (AST).

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 41.0 ± 18.2 years (range 5 to 86) and the mean refractive error −0.75 ± 3.3 diopters (range −10 to 7). The LSD could be measured in 93.2% of the participants (625 eyes out of 670 eyes), with a mean of 1.35 ± 0.12 mm (range 0.96 to 1.75) and 1.33 ± 0.12 mm (range 1.05 to 1.68) in the temporal and nasal quadrants, respectively, and a correlation of R = 0.616 (P < .001) between them. PIOLD measured 2.22 ± 0.31 mm (1.42 to 2.98), and ASD was 0.21 ± 0.05 mm (0.01 to 0.40). No correlation was observed between LSD with age, spherical error, sex, or ACA (P ≥ .247). However, LSD exhibited the highest correlation with AST (R = 0.466), followed by CTT (R = 0.309) and CMT (R = 0.259).

Conclusions:
The SS-OCT allowed for an accurate in vivo measurement of the dimensions of the limbus–ciliary sulcus region.
Nutritional supplementation to enhance the efficacy of exercise training in older adults: what is the evidence from the latest randomized controlled trials?
Authors: Verdijk Lex B. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
This review summarizes recent studies that assessed whether nutritional supplementation enhances the efficacy of exercise training in older adults, focusing on the benefits for physical/functional performance of protein, vitamin D, or multi-ingredient supplementation.

Recent findings
Studies applying long-term exercise training strongly support the benefits of different exercise regimens for muscle strength and function but most studies do not provide direct evidence for protein, vitamin D, or multi-ingredient supplementation to further augment such improvements in older adults. Several methodological limitations are addressed that likely limited the reliability to convincingly establish or refute any additive effects of supplementation. Only when specifically tailored to the population under study, ensuring proper intensity, duration, and adherence to exercise, and aiming for a daily intake of ∼1.5 g protein per kg body mass, and ∼800 IU of vitamin D supplementation, there appears to be some potential to augment the efficacy of long-term exercise training in older adults, with potentially greater benefits in compromised older subpopulations.

Summary
There is some support for the efficacy of nutritional supplementation to further augment the beneficial effects of prolonged exercise training in older adults but any intervention needs tailoring of both the exercise and the nutritional intervention towards the intended (sub)population.
Can specific nutrients, foods, or dietary patterns modulate cognitive function in (older) adults? Latest evidence from randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ros Emilio 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of review
Epidemiological findings and results of randomized clinical trials in the last two decades have identified diet as a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, a predementia stage that is increasing worldwide as population ages. The literature on this critical association is expanding, making this review relevant and timely.

Recent findings
Data from 15 trials and several systematic reviews/meta-analyses indicate that, in healthy older adults, isolated nutrients or antioxidant-rich foods usually fail to improve cognition. However, studies targeting populations at risk of cognitive decline tend to have positive results. There is ample epidemiological evidence of cognitive benefit from plant-based dietary patterns (i.e., Mediterranean diet), but more clinical trials are needed. Long-term multicomponent trials, simultaneously targeting several risk factors in patients with early dementia stages, offer promising evidence. A long-term multinutrient intervention in patients at risk for dementia appears as a sound preventive strategy.

Summary
This review summarizes the latest evidence on nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns as tools to improve cognition and promote brain health. Dietary changes are important to help delay cognitive decline, particularly in populations more at risk. Large-scale strategies based on healthy diets combined with other health-promoting lifestyle changes should be a public health priority.
The Association of Childhood Maltreatment, Sex, and Hair Cortisol Concentrations With Trajectories of Depressive and Anxious Symptoms Among Adult Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Cantave Christina Y. , Ouellet-Morin Isabelle , Giguère Charles-Édouard , Lupien Sonia J. , Juster Robert-Paul , Geoffrion Steve , Marin Marie-France 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective
Depression and anxiety symptoms are commonly observed among clinical populations, especially among women and maltreated individuals. Few investigations have, however, assessed the existence of distinct symptoms trajectories among clinical populations and how these relate to childhood maltreatment, sex differences, and stress physiology indexed by hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs). The current study a) identified distinct depression and anxious trajectories in a sample of psychiatric inpatients followed up prospectively from their admission to a psychiatric emergency service, and b) examined whether HCC, childhood maltreatment, and sex independently and jointly predict these trajectories.

Methods
Adult inpatients (n = 402; 55% women) were recruited upon admission to psychiatric emergency service (T1) during which HCC (reflecting cortisol secretion for the last 3 months), childhood maltreatment, and depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed. Symptoms were reevaluated when patients were discharged from the hospital (T2), admitted to outpatient clinics (T3), and 12 months later or at the end of outpatient treatment (T4).

Results
Three trajectories were identified for depression and anxiety symptoms. Among men, higher HCC predicted higher odds of evincing chronic depressive symptoms compared with a low stable trajectory (odds ratio [OR] = 3.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43–8.40). Greater childhood maltreatment among men predicted higher chances of exhibiting chronic anxious symptoms than the low stable (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.07–2.02) and the high decreasing trajectories (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.51–0.95). Opposite findings were noted for women.

Conclusions
Childhood maltreatment and HCC should be further investigated as predictors of anxious and depressive trajectories, during which sex-specific associations ought to be considered.
COVID-19 Vaccination Manifesting as Unilateral Lymphadenopathies Detected by 18F-Choline PET/CT
Authors: Albano Domenico , Volpi Giulia , Dondi Francesco , Giubbini Raffaele , Bertagna Francesco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A 79-year-old man with a history of prostate adenocarcinoma treated with prostatectomy underwent 18F-FCH PET/CT for restaging purpose, which was negative for relapse but showed the presence of choline-positive lymph nodes in the left axilla. The patient underwent a COVID-19 vaccination in the left arm 6 days prior. Thus, PET/CT findings were considered as inflammatory lymph nodes. With the current drive of global COVID-19 immunization, this case underlines the importance of knowing vaccination history to interpret correctly the findings and to avoid false-positive reports.
Conservative Management of Severe Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw With Pathological Fracture
Authors: Varidel Alistair , Wong Eva 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a well-known risk following dental extraction in patients taking certain medications. Pathological fracture secondary to MRONJ often requires complex operative intervention.
This case demonstrates the conservative management of pathological fracture secondary to MRONJ in a patient with multiple comorbidities. The patient developed MRONJ with pathological fracture following extraction of the mandibular second molar. The patient presented with significant surgical risk factors, having hypertension and a recent stroke, causing dense left hemiparesis, subsequently resulting in transition to high-level nursing care. Given the high risk of reconstructive surgery, nonoperative management was undertaken. Following a course of long-term antibiotics with resolution of signs of infection, the case was managed conservatively with chlorhexidine-based mouthwash and soft diet.
With routine clinico-radiographic assessment and optimal oral health care, the pathological fracture did not require operative intervention. Healing progressed well with no clinical complications and radiographic evidence of good healing at 6- and 12-month follow-up on orthopantomogram.
A role for conservative management of pathological fractures secondary to MRONJ yet exists, especially in the elderly population. This case highlights the importance of developing treatment plans based on individual patient context and clinical assessment.
Hardship and Humanity: A Closer Qualitative Look at Surgical Training and Its Effects on Trainees From the Perspectives of Loved Ones
Authors: Kemp Michael T. , Evans Julie , Rivard Samantha J. , Sharma Sriganesh B. , Williams Aaron M. , Coleman Dawn M. , Dimick Justin , Sandhu Gurjit 
Published: October 2021

Objective:
The aim of this study was to obtain novel perspectives regarding the effects that surgical training has on the well-being of trainees.

Summary Background Data:
Improving trainee well-being is a national concern given high rates of burnout, depression, and suicide among physicians. Supporters of surgical trainees may offer new perspectives regarding the effects of surgical training and point to strategies to optimize trainee wellness.

Methods:
This qualitative study employs semi-structured interviews of 32 support persons of trainees at a single tertiary care center with multiple surgical training programs. Interviews focused on perspectives related to supporting a surgical trainee. Interview transcripts underwent qualitative analysis with semantic and conceptual coding. Themes related to effects of training on trainee wellness are reported.

Results:
Four themes were identified: Who Can Endure the Most Hardship?—trainee attributes and programmatic factors contribute to trainees feeling the need to constantly endure the most hardship; Consequences of Hardship—constantly enduring hardships has significant negative effects on wellness; Trainees are Humans—trainees are people with basic human needs, especially the need for worth; Research Time as Refuge—dedicated research time is treated as an oasis away from clinical hardships.

Conclusions:
Perspectives from support persons can offer valuable insight into the wellness needs of surgical trainees. According to support persons, surgical training profoundly negatively impacts trainee wellness. Unlike during clinical training, dedicated research time is a period during which wellness can be prioritized. Programs should provide greater attention to mitigating the negative ramifications of surgical training and promoting wellness in a longitudinal fashion throughout training.
Radical Minimally Invasive Surgery After Immuno-chemotherapy in Initially-unresectable Stage IIIB Non-small cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Deng Hongsheng , Liu Jun , Cai Xiuyu , Chen Jiawei , Rocco Gaetano , Petersen René Horsleben , Brunelli Alessandro , Ng Calvin S. H. , D’Amico Thomas A. , Liang Wenhua , He Jianxing 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy agent in advanced stage NSCLC is controversial. Herein, we aim to report on a case series of successful conversion from initial unresectable stage cIIIB NSCLC to radical minimally invasive surgery through immunochemotherapy; with particular attention given to surgical outcomes and survival benefit of surgery.

Methods:
Fifty-one patients with initial stage cIIIB NSCLC who received PD-1 agents plus platinum-based chemotherapy between May, 2018 to August, 2020 were retrospectively identified. Surgical and oncological outcomes of enrolled patients were collected.

Results:
Of 31 patients who underwent subsequent resection, 23 (74.2%) patients underwent lobectomy, 1 (3.2%) underwent pneumonectomy, 5 (16.1%) underwent sleeve lobectomy, and 2 (6.5%) with bilobectomy. The median surgical time was 205 minutes (range, 100–520). The average blood loss was 185 (range: 10–1100) ml. Dense adhesions or fibrosis was noted in 15 cases. The median postoperative hospital stay was 6 (range: 3–13) days. No surgical-related mortality was recorded, only 5 patients (16.1%) experienced any postoperative morbidity (no grade 3 complications). Ten patients (32.3%) had major pathological response, with mediastinal down-staging been observed in 22/31 (71.0%) patients. With a median after up of 15.4 months, thirty-one patients that had surgery had relatively longer median DFS/PFS compared to that of either non-responders or responders that without surgery (27.5 vs. 4.7 vs. 16.7 months, respectively).

Conclusions:
Radical surgery after chemoimmunotherapy in initial unresectable stage IIIB NSCLC seems to be safe with low surgical-related mortality and morbidity, and was favorably associated with longer DFS/PFS compared to those without surgery.
Flavobacterium dauae sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of a tomato plant
Authors: Jung Eun Joo , Choi Soo Yeon , Lee Sang-Moo , Song Ju Yeon , Lee Hyoung Ju , Kim Eunjin , Lee Pyeong An , Choi Kihyuck , Kim Jihyun F. , Lee Seon-Woo 
Published: October 2021

A bacterial strain, designated TCH3-2T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of tomato plant grown at Dong-A University Agricultural Experiment Station, Republic of Korea. The strain was Gram-stain-negative, obligate aerobic, orange yellow-coloured, motile by gliding and short rod-shaped. Strain TCH3-2 T only grew on 1/2 tryptic soy agar and Luria–Bertani agar among the media tested, with optimum growth at 28 °C and pH 7. Salt of 1 % NaCl was necessary to support the growth of TCH3-2T. Strain TCH3-2T produced flexirubin-type pigments. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (55.6 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (17.9 %), summed feature 9 (comprising C16 : 0 10-methyl and/or iso-C17 : 1
ω9c; 10.5 %), iso-C15 : 0 3-OH (4.8 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0 (2.3 %). The major menaquinone was menaquinone-6 and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, five unknown aminolipids and three unknown lipids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences indicated that TCH3-2T was closely related to

Flavobacterium ummariense

DS-12T (95.16 %),

Flavobacterium marinum

SW105T (95.14 %) and

Flavobacterium viscosus

YIM 102796T (94.54 %). The draft genome of TCH3-2T comprised ca. 2.8 Mb with a G+C content of 34.61 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between TCH3-2T and closely related

Flavobacterium

species showed that it belongs to a distinct species. Furthermore, the results of morphological, physiological and biochemical tests allowed further phenotypic differentiation of TCH3-2T from its closest relatives. Thus, chemotaxonomic characteristics together with phylogenetic affiliation illustrate that TCH3-2T represents a novel species of the genus

Flavobacterium

, for which the name Flavobacterium dauae sp. nov. (type strain TCH3-2T=KACC 19054T=JCM 34025T) is proposed.
Pseudooceanicola endophyticus sp. nov., a novel endophytic bacterium isolated from bark Aegiceras corniculatum
Authors: Zheng Zhou-Qing , Chen Ming-Sheng , Yan Xiao-Rui , Tuo Li 
Published: October 2021

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, short-rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain CBS1P-1T, was isolated from a surface-sterilized bark of Aegiceras corniculatum. Growth of strain CBS1P-1T was observed with between 0 and 12.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimally with 5.0 %) and at between pH 6.0–9.0. It grew at temperatures between 25–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C). Chemotaxonomic analysis showed that ubiquinone-10 was the respiratory quinone. The lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified aminolipid. The major fatty acids of strain CBS1P-1T were C18 : 1
ω7c, C16 : 0 and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CBS1P-1T was most related to

Pseudooceanicola antarcticus

CGMCC 1.12662T with a sequence similarity of 96.5 %. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain CBS1P-1T and

P. antarcticus

1.12662T were 77.5 and 21.1 %, respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67.3 mol%. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain CBS1P-1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus

Pseudooceanicola

, for which the name Pseudooceanicola endophyticus is proposed. The type strain is CBS1P-1T (=KCTC 62836T=CGMCC 1.13743T).