bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profile of Lipid and Antioxidant Activity Lipids Extracted from Pangasius pangasius: Complementary Analysis
Authors: Hossain Amir , Sachchu Md. Mazedul Haque , Shishir Md. Khalid Hossain , Sayeem Nafis Rahman , Podder Upoma , Al-Mahmud Md. Rafayet , Rashid Md. Mamun Al , Tama Rahima Tanbin , Haque Natasha Nafisa , Rahman Aliza , Alam Md. Ashraful 
Published: December 2024

Extraction of lipids from Pangasius pangasius employed a unique simple route such as the solvent extraction method which is better useful for extract lipids from fish, cost effective and comparatively easier than others process where ethanol is a diluent and chloroform acts as a solvent. The prime objective of this manuscript is to determine the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of lipids from Pangasius pangasius. The chemical composition determination by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The most abundant lipid components were Dodecanoic acid 1,2,3 Propanetriyl ester 86.67% found in GC-MS which have strong bactericidal properties. It is utilized as an algal and plant metabolite and possesses antimicrobial qualities. For determination of the antioxidant activity, the Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometer (UV) was introduced. The degree of hydrolysis, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity the antioxidant activity can be estimated. The control value of the UV is 1.297 a. u. and the absorption value by sample minimum value is 1.168 a. u. and the maximum value is 1.208 a. u. The inhibition rate maximum of 0.0995% and a minimum of 0.0686% by the human body. The absorption of UV light by the sample is near the control value which indicates lipids contain a little percentage of antioxidant activity. The sample contains a small percentage of 0.33 of L (+) ascorbic acid 2,6 di-hexa-decanoate which is an antioxidant agent that reduces free radicals in the human body. This outcome highlighted its possibility as an origin of bioactive chemicals and expanded our knowledge of its nutritive and therapeutic properties.
Understanding COVID‐19 Risk in Patients With Immune‐Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: A Population‐Based Analysis of SARS–CoV‐2 Testing
Authors: Eder Lihi , Croxford Ruth , Drucker Aaron M. , Mendel Arielle , Kuriya Bindee , Touma Zahi , Johnson Sindhu R. , Cook Richard , Bernatsky Sasha , Haroon Nigil , Widdifield Jessica 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of and factors associated with SARS–CoV‐2 testing and infection in immune‐mediated inflammatory disease (IMID) patients versus matched non‐IMID comparators from the general population.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based, matched cohort study among adult residents from Ontario, Canada, from January 2020 to December 2020. We created cohorts for the following IMIDs: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases, multiple sclerosis (MS), iritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), polymyalgia rheumatica, and vasculitis. Each patient was matched with 5 patients without IMIDs based on sociodemographic factors. We estimated the incidence of SARS–CoV‐2 testing and infection in IMID patients and non‐IMID patients. Multivariable logistic regressions assessed odds of SARS–CoV‐2 infection.ResultsWe studied 493,499 patients with IMIDs and 2,466,946 patients without IMIDs. Patients with IMIDs were more likely to have at least 1 SARS–CoV‐2 test versus patients without IMIDs (27.4% versus 22.7%), but the proportion testing positive for SARS–CoV‐2 was identical (0.9% in both groups). Overall, IMID patients had 20% higher odds of being tested for SARS–CoV‐2 (odds ratio 1.20 [95% confidence interval 1.19–1.21]). The odds of SARS–CoV‐2 infection varied across IMID groups but was not significantly elevated for most IMID groups compared with non‐IMID comparators. The odds of SARS–CoV‐2 infection was lower in IBD and MS and marginally higher in RA and iritis.ConclusionPatients across all IMIDs were more likely to be tested for SARS–CoV‐2 versus those without IMIDs. The risk of SARS–CoV‐2 infection varied across disease subgroups.
Tailoring Nanonets‐Engineered Superflexible Nanofibrous Aerogels with Hierarchical Cage‐Like Architecture Enables Renewable Antimicrobial Air Filtration
Authors: Wang Fei , Si Yang , Yu Jianyong , Ding Bin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurification of pathogenic air has become an essential part of infection prevention and control. Most present air filters can hardly achieve excellent air filtration performance and the effective inactivation of the airborne pathogens at the same time. Herein, a bottom‐up approach is reported upon to construct cage‐like structured superflexible nanofibrous aerogels (CSAs) with renewable antimicrobial properties by combining electrospun silica nanofibers, bacterial cellulose nanofibers, and the hydrophobic SiOSi elastic binder. The following efficient grafting of N‐halamine compounds endows the CSAs with biocidal function. The resultant aerogels exhibit intriguing features of high porosity, hydrophobicity, superelasticity, foldability, renewable chlorination ability (>5400 ppm), high filtration performance toward PM0.3 (>99.97%, 189 Pa), and excellent antibacterial and antiviral activity (6 logs reduction within 5 min contact), enabling the aerogels to intercept and inactivate the pathogenic contaminants in air. The successful synthesis of CSAs provides a new possibility to design high‐performance air filtration materials for public health protection.
Wearable Thermoelectric Materials and Devices for Self‐Powered Electronic Systems
Authors: Jia Yanhua , Jiang Qinglin , Sun Hengda , Liu Peipei , Hu Dehua , Pei Yanzhong , Liu Weishu , Crispin Xavier , Fabiano Simone , Ma Yuguang , Cao Yong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe emergence of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has led to a growing demand for wearable and maintenance‐free power sources. The continual push toward lower operating voltages and power consumption in modern integrated circuits has made the development of devices powered by body heat finally feasible. In this context, thermoelectric (TE) materials have emerged as promising candidates for the effective conversion of body heat into electricity to power wearable devices without being limited by environmental conditions. Driven by rapid advances in processing technology and the performance of TE materials over the past two decades, wearable thermoelectric generators (WTEGs) have gradually become more flexible and stretchable so that they can be used on complex and dynamic surfaces. In this review, the functional materials, processing techniques, and strategies for the device design of different types of WTEGs are comprehensively covered. Wearable self‐powered systems based on WTEGs are summarized, including multi‐function TE modules, hybrid energy harvesting, and all‐in‐one energy devices. Challenges in organic TE materials, interfacial engineering, and assessments of device performance are discussed, and suggestions for future developments in the area are provided. This review will promote the rapid implementation of wearable TE materials and devices in self‐powered electronic systems.
Angular‐Adaptive Reconfigurable Spin‐Locked Metasurface Retroreflector
Authors: Yang Weixu , Chen Ke , Zheng Yilin , Zhao Wenbo , Hu Qi , Qu Kai , Jiang Tian , Zhao Junming , Feng Yijun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetasurface retroreflectors, which scatter the incident electromagnetic wave back to incoming direction, have received significant attention due to their compelling advantages of low profile and light weight compared with conventional bulky retroreflection devices. However, the current metasurface retroreflectors still have limitations in wide‐angle and omnidirectional operations. This work proposes a high‐efficiency, wide‐angle, reconfigurable, and omnidirectional retroreflector composed of spin‐locked phase gradient metasurface with a thickness of only 5.2 mm or 0.07 operating wavelength. The reflection phase of constituent meta‐atoms can be controlled dynamically and continuously by altering their orientation states through individually addressing each mechanically rotational meta‐atom, whereas the reflection handedness is kept the same as incidence. Therefore, adaptive and arbitrary momentum can be imparted to the incident wave, providing high‐efficiency retroreflection over a wide continuous range from −47° to 47°. Moreover, such high‐performance retroreflection is extended to omnidirectional level, enabling great degrees of freedom that are unavailable by previous researches. As a proof of concept, a retroreflective metasurface is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated at microwave frequencies. The proposed thin thickness, high efficiency, and reconfigurable metasurface retroreflector can be extended to other frequencies that may offer an untapped platform toward reconfigurable spin‐based retroreflection devices for electromagnetic signal processing.
Long‐term dynamics of US organic milk, eggs, and yogurt premiums
Authors: Badruddoza Syed , Carlson Andrea C. , McCluskey Jill J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProducing organic milk has been an alternative for conventional farmers who are struggling with low prices. However, organic dairy prices recently collapsed along with conventional prices when several large producers entered the organic market. The current study explores the patterns and determinants of organic dairy premiums. We estimate monthly price premiums for organic whole milk, other fluid milk, yogurt, and eggs over the period 2008–2017 using US retail scanner data. The premiums were 56%, 51%, 27%, and 38%, respectively, with annual compound growth rates of 8%, 7%, −1.42%, and −2.86%. We identify the determinants of price premiums with a vector autoregression to account for endogeneity and autocorrelation, and a machine‐learning algorithm—extreme gradient boost—for data‐driven insights. Holding the premiums fixed, growing input costs may induce organic sellers to sell more to compensate for costs. Holding organic sales fixed, organic premiums decrease in conventional share of organic, cost of diesel, electricity, and feed grains in general; but increase in the number of shoppers and wages. [EconLit citations: C55, Q130].
Statistics and stereotypes: The taxed and the taxed‐not
Authors: Whiteford Peter 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the past decade, libertarians, free‐market think tanks, and conservative media and politicians in English‐speaking countries (Romney, 2012; Ryan, 2010; Morrison, 2016) have increasingly argued that a growing share of the population is receiving more in benefits than they pay in taxes and is “voting for a living”. This presentation of a class conflict between “tax producers” and “tax consumers” is related to public choice theories (MacLean, 2017) and has also been argued in Sweden (Lindbeck, 1985; American Economic Review, 1997). Statistics on the share of the taxed and the “taxed‐not” are used to argue that tax systems are too progressive and that welfare states have become overgenerous and unsustainable. This article analyses the creation, interpretation and development of measures used to estimate the number of the taxed and the taxed‐nots. The article shows that the share of households who receive more in benefits than they pay in taxes is very similar across countries and is not related to the size of the welfare state, the distribution of benefits and taxes or the welfare state regimes commonly used to classify different countries. The article analyses the relationship between these concerns and political rhetoric justifying austerity policies.
High‐Fidelity NIR‐II Multiplexed Lifetime Bioimaging with Bright Double Interfaced Lanthanide Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhu Xinyan , Liu Xuan , Zhang Hongxin , Zhao Mengyao , Pei Peng , Chen Ying , Yang Yiwei , Lu Lingfei , Yu Peng , Sun Caixia , Ming Jiang , Ábrahám István M. , El‐Toni Ahmed Mohamed , Khan Aslam , Zhang Fan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFluorescence lifetime imaging provides more possibility of in vivo multiplexing in second near infrared (NIR‐II) window. However, it still faces the obstacle that fluorescent probes with differentiable lifetime often exhibit quite different fluorescence intensity, especially the short lifetime usually accompanies with a weak fluorescence intensity, resulting in the difficulty for simultaneously decoding multiplexed lifetime information due to the interference of background noise. To facilitate high‐fidelity lifetime multiplexed imaging, we developed a series of Er3+ doped double interface fluorescent nanoprobes (Er‐DINPs): α‐NaYF4@NaErF4: Ce@NaYbF4@NaErF4: Ce@NaYF4 with strong fluorescence intensity and easily distinguishable fluorescence lifetime. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results confirmed the advantage of these probes with comparable fluorescence intensity for high‐fidelity multiplexed lifetime bioimaging.
Live‐Cell Imaging of Guanosine Tetra‐ and Pentaphosphate (p)ppGpp with RNA‐based Fluorescent Sensors**
Authors: Sun Zhining , Wu Rigumula , Zhao Bin , Zeinert Rilee , Chien Peter , You Mingxu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGuanosine tetra‐ and pentaphosphate, (p)ppGpp, are important alarmone nucleotides that regulate bacterial survival in stressful environment. A direct detection of (p)ppGpp in living cells is critical for our understanding of the mechanism of bacterial stringent response. However, it is still challenging to image cellular (p)ppGpp. Here, we report RNA‐based fluorescent sensors for the live‐cell imaging of (p)ppGpp. Our sensors are engineered by conjugating a recently identified (p)ppGpp‐specific riboswitch with a fluorogenic RNA aptamer, Broccoli. These sensors can be genetically encoded and enable direct monitoring of cellular (p)ppGpp accumulation. Unprecedented information on cell‐to‐cell variation and cellular dynamics of (p)ppGpp levels is now obtained under different nutritional conditions. These RNA‐based sensors can be broadly adapted to study bacterial stringent response.
Toughening of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) by phenyl terminated hyperbranched polyesters with higher thermal stability
Authors: Wu You , Jin Yujuan , Huang Jian , Tian Huafeng , Weng Yunxuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhenyl terminated hyperbranched polyesters (HBP‐Bs) were synthesized based on Boltorn‐type hydroxyl terminated HBPEs and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and so forth. The prepared HBP‐Bs were used to toughen poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) directly by melt blending. The thermal properties, rheological properties, mechanical properties, and microstructure of the PHBV/HBP‐Bs blends were studied in detail. Comparing with pure PHBV, the crystallinity of the PHBV/0.5 phr HBP‐Bs blends decreased by 14.10% (from 64.39% to 55.04%), the impact strength increased by 158.30% (from 7.41 kJ·m−2 to 19.14 kJ·m−2), and the elongation at break increased by 400.00% (from 0.91% to 4.55%). It can be seen from the scanning electron microscope that the fracture surface of the PHBV/HBP‐Bs blends became rough with the increase of HBP‐Bs, even with large filamentous structures and tiny holes, which further demonstrated that HBP‐Bs acted as an excellent toughening effect on PHBV.
A sick plot–based protocol for dry root rot disease assessment in field‐grown chickpea plants
Authors: Irulappan Vadivelmurugan , Mali Komal Vitthalrao , Patil Basavanagouda S. , Manjunatha Hanumappa , Muhammad Saifulla , Senthil‐Kumar Muthappa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPremiseA comprehensive field‐based screening protocol is lacking for dry root rot (DRR) disease in chickpea, which is caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (formerly referred to as Rhizoctonia bataticola). Here, we describe a protocol for establishing a sick plot for DRR to enable disease assessment of a large number of chickpea plants during the natural growing season.Methods and ResultsWe used a chickpea plot with >30% DRR incidence, and enriched the inoculum by cultivating highly susceptible chickpea plant genotypes and incorporating infected plant material into the soil. The chickpea plants were then subjected to infection in developed sick plots with various levels of soil moisture under natural field conditions.ConclusionsOur protocol provides a robust way to impose M. phaseolina infection on chickpea plants under natural field conditions and to investigate plant responses to the infection at morphological, physiological, and molecular levels. This method can also be used to screen for other soil‐borne diseases in a variety of plants.
Distribution of neuronal cells which contain dopamine β‐hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, neuropeptide Y and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the human internal carotid nerve
Authors: Sato Tadasu , Yajima Takehiro , Kokubun Souichi , Tachiya Daisuke , Ichikawa Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe human internal carotid nerve (ICN) occasionally has a swelling beneath the external opening of the carotid canal. In this study, the presence and distribution of neuronal cells were investigated in the bilateral ICNs of nine human cadavers. Among 44.4% of the cadavers, swellings were detected in the ICN. Their diameters ranged from 1.7 to 3.6 mm (average ± SD = 2.6 ± 0.7 mm). Thirty‐eight percent of these swellings were large (diameter > 3 mm) and showed an oval shape. The large swelling contained many neuronal cells. However, the ICNs with or without a swelling <3 mm diameter were mostly free from neuronal cells (93.3%). Only in one human cadaver, the right ICN without a swelling had a small number of neuronal cells. By the present immunohistochemical method, ICN neurons contained catecholamine‐synthesizing enzymes and neuropeptides. Dopamine‐beta hydroxylase‐ and tyrosine hydroxylase‐immunoreactivity were mostly expressed by ICN neurons. More than half of them also contained neuropeptide Y‐immunoreactivity. However, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide‐immunoreactive ICN neurons were relatively infrequent. Substance P‐ and calcitonin gene‐related peptide‐immunoreactive ICN neurons could not be detected. By the cell size analysis, neuropeptide Y‐immunoreactive neurons were significantly smaller than neuropeptide Y‐immunonegative neurons in the ICN. The present study suggests that ICN neurons have a sympathetic function in the human.
Heat‐induced overexpression of the thermophilic lipase from Bacillus thermocatenulatus in Escherichia coli by fermentation and its application in preparation biodiesel using rapeseed oil
Authors: Zhang Jun , Chen Huanjun , Wang Zhiyuan , Xu Huijuan , Luo Wen , Xu Jingliang , Lv Pengmei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDue to its simple, less by‐product and environment friendly properties, enzymatic transesterification of oil with short‐chain alcohol to biodiesel, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) is considered to be a promising way of green production and has attracted much attention. In this study, FAMEs were synthesized by an enzymatic method with recombinant lipase as catalysts. A thermophilic Bacillus thermocatenulatus lipase 2 (BTL2) was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) through relative and quantitative analysis using real‐time quantitative PCR. The results suggested that the BTL2 gene was overexpressed in E. coli at the mRNA level, and the recombinant strain harboring a high‐copy number vectors was selected and applied to fermentation to produce BTL2 with enzyme activity of 35.54 U/mg cells. The recombinant BTL2 solution exhibited excellent resistance to neutral pH, high temperature, and organic solvents after a certain treatment. Finally, the effects of enzymatic transesterification for preparing biodiesel were studied, using rapeseed oil as raw material, as well as BTL2 solution as catalysts, which resulted in 86.04% yield of FAMEs under 50°C for 36 h. The liquid BTL2 was directly used to prepare FAMEs at a higher temperature efficiently, making the thermophilic BTL2 had the potential application value in biodiesel reproduction subsequently.
Combining Quinone‐Based Cathode with an Efficient Borate Electrolyte for High‐Performance Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Xiu Yanlei , Li Zhenyou , Bhaghavathi Parambath Vinayan , Ding Ziming , Wang Liping , Reupert Adam , Fichtner Maximilian , Zhao‐Karger Zhirong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries are gaining attention as promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage applications because of their potentially high energy, safety and sustainability. However, the development of Mg batteries is impeded by the lack of efficient cathode materials and compatible electrode‐electrolyte combinations. Herein, we demonstrate a new poly(1,4‐anthraquinone)/Ketjenblack composite (14PAQ@KB) in combination with non‐corrosive magnesium tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy) borate Mg[B(hfip)4]2 (hfip=OC(H)(CF3)2) electrolyte towards high‐energy and long‐lifespan Mg batteries. This combination exhibits prominent electrochemical performance including a maximum discharge capacity of 242 mA h g−1 (approximately 93 % of the theoretical capacity), superior cycling stability (81 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles), and excellent rate capability (120 mA h g−1 at 5 C).
Kalibrierverfahren für konstante Materialstränge bei robotergestützer Betonextrusion
Authors: Lindner Marco , Scharf‐Wildenhain Ronny , Gliniorz Ralf , Vanselow Konrad , Funke Henrik , Gelbrich Sandra , Kroll Lothar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDie robotergestützte Betonextrusion ist ein neuartiges additives Fertigungsverfahren, bei dem Strategie, Werkstoff und Förderanlage gezielt aufeinander abgestimmt sein müssen. Insbesondere die reale Form des extrudierten Materialstrangs unterliegt entlang des Startpunkts über Hauptextrusionsphase bis zum Ausschaltvorgang durch lokale Über‐ und Unterextrusionen signifikanten Schwankungen, die den Qualitätsvorgaben meist nicht genügen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Kalibrierverfahren für Extrusionsprozesse entwickelt, softwareseitig angepasst und erprobt sowie Auswirkungen der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit auf die Bauteilqualität untersucht. Hierzu wurden unterschiedliche Kalibrierverfahren aktueller additiver Fertigungsprozesse betrachtet und hinsichtlich ihrer Verwendbarkeit für die Extrusion von mineralischen Suspensionen ausgewertet. Darauf aufbauend erfolgte die theoretische Erarbeitung einer allgemeingültigen Vorgehensweise zur Kalibrierung und deren praktische Umsetzung. In den durchgeführten Funktionstests verringerte das Kalibrierverfahren die Prozessvorbereitung, erhöhte die Prozesssicherheit durch die stabilisierte Extrusion und verkürzte die Taktzeit. Diese Steigerung der Produktivität in der additiven Fertigung führt einmal zu positiven wirtschaftlichen Effekten und des Weiteren werden Anwendungen von hochfesten Leichtbaustrukturen im Bauwesen attraktiver. Zudem ermöglicht es die serienmäßige Umsetzung von freigeformten Modulbauweisen.