bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of DPP-4 Inhibitor Linagliptin Versus Sulfonylurea Glimepiride as Add-on to Metformin on Renal Physiology in Overweight Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (RENALIS): A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial
Authors: Muskiet Marcel H.A. , Tonneijck Lennart , Smits Mark M. , Kramer Mark H.H. , Ouwens D. Margriet , Hartmann Bolette , Holst Jens J. , Touw Daan J. , Danser A.H. Jan , Joles Jaap A. , van Raalte Daniël H. 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE
To compare effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor linagliptin with those of a sulfonylurea on renal physiology in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this double-blind randomized trial, 46 overweight T2DM patients without renal impairment received once-daily linagliptin (5 mg) or glimepiride (1 mg) for 8 weeks. Fasting glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were determined by inulin and para-aminohippuric acid clearances. Fractional excretions, urinary damage markers, and circulating DPP-4 substrates (among others, glucagon-like peptide 1 and stromal cell–derived factor-1α [SDF-1α]) were measured.

RESULTS
HbA1c reductions were similar with linagliptin (–0.45 ± 0.09%) and glimepiride (–0.65 ± 0.10%) after 8 weeks (P = 0.101). Linagliptin versus glimepiride did not affect GFR, ERPF, estimated intrarenal hemodynamics, or damage markers. Only linagliptin increased fractional excretion (FE) of sodium (FENa) and potassium, without affecting FE of lithium. Linagliptin-induced change in FENa correlated with SDF-1α (R = 0.660) but not with other DPP-4 substrates.

CONCLUSIONS
Linagliptin does not affect fasting renal hemodynamics compared with glimepiride in T2DM patients. DPP-4 inhibition promotes modest natriuresis, possibly mediated by SDF-1α, likely distal to the macula densa.
A Validated Prediction Model for End-Stage Kidney Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Vistisen Dorte , Andersen Gregers S. , Hulman Adam , McGurnaghan Stuart J. , Colhoun Helen M. , Henriksen Jan E. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Persson Frederik , Rossing Peter , Jørgensen Marit E. 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a life-threatening complication of diabetes that can be prevented or delayed by intervention. Hence, early detection of people at increased risk is essential.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
From a population-based cohort of 5,460 clinically diagnosed Danish adults with type 1 diabetes followed from 2001 to 2016, we developed a prediction model for ESKD accounting for the competing risk of death. Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate the model on the basis of information routinely collected from clinical examinations. The effect of including an extended set of predictors (lipids, alcohol intake, etc.) was further evaluated, and potential interactions identified in a survival tree analysis were tested. The final model was externally validated in 9,175 adults from Denmark and Scotland.

RESULTS
During a median follow-up of 10.4 years (interquartile limits 5.1; 14.7), 303 (5.5%) of the participants (mean [SD] age 42.3 [16.5] years) developed ESKD, and 764 (14.0%) died without having developed ESKD. The final ESKD prediction model included age, male sex, diabetes duration, estimated glomerular filtration rate, micro- and macroalbuminuria, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, smoking, and previous cardiovascular disease. Discrimination was excellent for 5-year risk of an ESKD event, with a C-statistic of 0.888 (95% CI 0.849; 0.927) in the derivation cohort and confirmed at 0.865 (0.811; 0.919) and 0.961 (0.940; 0.981) in the external validation cohorts from Denmark and Scotland, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
We have derived and validated a novel, high-performing ESKD prediction model for risk stratification in the adult type 1 diabetes population. This model may improve clinical decision making and potentially guide early intervention.
Perbandingan Karakteristik Minuman Probiotik Semangka (Citrullus lanatus) Dengan Variasi Jenis Semangka Merah Dan Kuning Menggunakan Starter Lactobacillus casei Strain Shirota
Authors: Sari Maria Fetty , Catarina Retno Herrani 
Published: January 2021

Buah semangka berpotensi untuk diolah menjadi minuman probiotik semangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) pengaruh variasi jenis semangka merah dan kuning terhadap karakteristik minuman probiotik semangka, 2) jenis semangka yang dapat menghasilkan karakteristik minuman probiotik tertinggi, dan 3) jenis semangka untuk produk minuman probiotik yang paling disukai oleh panelis. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan diterapkan ke variasi jenis semangka merah (M) dan kuning (K). Data uji karakteristik dan organoleptik dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan uji Independent Sample T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi jenis semangka merah dan kuning berpengaruh secara signifikan pada uji total BAL dan pH, tetapi tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan pada uji total gula. Semangka merah menghasilkan karakteristik tertinggi dengan rerata nilai total BAL 7,2x104 CFU/ml, total gula 12,63%Brix, dan pH 5,8. Minuman probiotik semangka merah paling disukai oleh panelis dari aspek warna 4,19 (suka), sedangkan semangka kuning paling disukai oleh panelis dari aspek aroma 3,59 (cukup suka) dan rasa 3,92 (cukup suka).
Pembuatan Arang Aktif dari Tempurung Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L.) yang Diaktivasi dengan Kalium Hidroksida (KOH)
Authors: Nitsae Merpiseldin , Lano Lans Asideo , Ledo Mellissa E. 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan arang aktif teraktivasi KOH dari limbah tempurung Siwalan yang ada di Nusa Tenggara Timur terutama di daerah pesisir pantai. Pembuatan arang aktif dilakukan melalui dua tahap, yaitu tahap karbonisasi dan aktivasi. Pada proses karbonisasi tempurung Siwalan dibakar dalam alat pirolisis sederhana dengan oksigen terbatas. Selanjutnya, dilakukan aktivasi arang dengan cara direndam KOH dengan variasi 0,1 M; 0,5M; dan 1M selama 24 jam. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh positif KOH terhadap aktivitas arang tempurung Siwalan . Karakteristik arang yang dihasilkan memenuhi SNI 06-3730 dengan kriteria terbaik 6,56% kadar air; 8,55% kadar abu; bilangan iodin sebanyak 2163,36 mg g-1; dan daya serapmetilen biru sebanyak 438,52 mg g-1. Daya adsorbsi arang aktif tempurung Siwalan terhadap iodin dan metilen biru yang tinggi (lebih besar dari SNI) menunjukkan bahwa arang aktif tempurung Siwalan dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben.
Similarities and Differences between the Yakut Olonkho and the Buryat Uliger: Plot Composition and Motives
Authors: Koryakina A. F. 
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the identification of typological similarities and differences in epic plots and motives in the texts of the Yakut olonkho and the Buryat uliger. The relevance of the stated problem is due to the purpose of obtaining additional materials to confirm the results of earlier studies on establishing the genetic origins and typological connections of the epic creativity of the Yakut and Buryat peoples. A brief review of the study of the problem in the works of domestic folklorists, who developed the theory of the comparative study of the peoples of the world epics; Yakut epic scholars, who considered in their works the historical and typological connections of the Yakut olonkho with the epics of the Sayan-Altai, Mongol-Buryat peoples; Buryat scientists who turn in their research to the processes of historical and cultural mutual influences of the epic heritage of the Yakuts and Mongol-Buryats. Scientific methods of typological, structural-comparative and textological analysis are used. The similarity of the plots and plot motives of the olonkho “Nyurgun Bootur the Swift” by K. Orosin and the uliger “Abai Geser Mighty” by M. Imegenov, which is due to the principles of typological repetition in folklore and cultural and historical contacts of the Yakut and Buryat peoples at different stages of development of the Proto-Turkic peoples inhabiting the territory of Central Asia and South Siberia.
Imagination of the North in Context of Development of Natural Environment: Mammoth in Mythological Representations of Yakuts
Authors: Vasilyeva O. V. , Kuzmina A. A. , Fedorova A. R. 
Published: January 2021

A number of negative characters in Yakut mythology, as well as individual images of folklore, are considered. The point of view, according to which the basis for the emergence of certain mythological ideas among the Yakuts was the real world, the features of the landscape and climate, to the extent that they influenced a person, is proved. It is noted that the culture of the Sakha people is based on rich mythological concepts that have developed during the development of the vast expanses of the Arctic space. The authors analyze ethnographic notes of the XIX—XX centuries and modern scientific publications, which examine the mythology and folklore of the Sakha people (Yakuts). An attempt has been made to clarify the question of the influence of knowledge about the fossil remains of the mammoth fauna on the formation of mythological ideas related to the peculiarities of the climate of the region being developed. The image of a mammoth is analyzed in the broad context of the mythological views of the Yakuts. It is concluded that secondary esoteric ideas about mammoths, caused by the discovery of their remains, could form the basis of a prototypical image for a number of characters in Yakut mythology, for example, a water bull and a cold bull. It is proved that the idea of mammoths could be reflected in the external appearance of the abaasy heroes in the epic folklore of the Sakha.
Theme “Man and Nature” in the Poetry of Peter Komarov
Authors: Alexandrova-Osokina О. N. 
Published: January 2021

The author’s elaboration of the content and poetics of landscape and natural history lyrics of the Far Eastern poet, winner of the Stalin Prize of the third degree P. S. Komarov (1911—1949) is presented. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the poet’s work has practically not been studied. The relevance of the study is due to the attention of modern literary criticism to the problems of the literary process of the Soviet period, as well as interest in literary and regional studies. The idea is substantiated that the theme “man and nature” was central in the poetry of P. S. Komarov. It is noted that the dominant principle in the disclosure of this topic were the ideas of all-unity and participation. The question is raised about the nature of the reflection of the ideas of the era in the lyrics: in particular, the points of intersection of the poetic perception of the world in the poems of the “Green Belt” cycle with the ideas of Russian cosmism are revealed. Observations on the specifics of the poetics of Komarov’s landscape lyrics were carried out: the form of the landscape-ecphrasis, the artistic functions of the landscape detail, color painting, toponymy, panoramic image were revealed; some images-motives (nature-garden, nature-book; motive of the brotherhood of the memory of the earth) is revealed. The unique materials of literary criticism of the second half of the 1940s, associated with the assessment of Komarov’s work are presented in the article.
Full recovery of a patient with COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Abdelaziz Neama Ahmed , Ghozy Sherief , Abbas Alzhraa Salah , Reda Abdullah , El-Qushayri Amr Ehab , Shariful Islam Sheikh Mohammed 
Published: January 2021

Background:
In this report, we discuss the diagnosis and management of a case of COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury (AKI).

Case Presentation:
A 58-year-old male with PCR-based COVID-19 diagnosis (at a specialized hospital, Minia, Egypt) was admitted and received supportive medications along with corticosteroids and hydroxychloroquine. After 2 days, the patient developed tachypnoea and desaturation. Therefore, he was transferred to the intensive care unit with a continuous positive airway pressure. On the third day, he developed oliguria with spiking kidney function tests, metabolic acidosis, and eventually anuria on the 6th day. AKI diagnosis was established, and the patient received daily dialysis sessions for 10 days until discharge together with tocilizumab and methylprednisolone. The patient was discharged after normalization and stabilization of his clinical parameters and a second negative PCR swab with continuous follow-up.

Conclusion:
Early monitoring of kidney function tests during the infection might help in preventing further kidney damage.
Intracranial hypertension syndrome secondary to internal jugular vein thrombosis due to miliary cervical tuberculosis: A case report
Authors: Vega-Moreno Daniel Alejandro , Aviles-Aguilar Antonio , la-Torre Abraham Ibarra de , Aguilar-Calderón José Ramón , García-González Ulises , Santellán-Hernández José Omar , Betancourt-Quiroz Carlos , Dueñas-Espinoza Mario Alberto , González-González Ivan Eduardo , Molina-Martínez Rodolfo Pedro , Ochoa-Cacique Diego 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) is extremely rare, being central catheterization the most common cause. We present a case of a patient with an unusual appearance of neurological symptoms as a consequence of thrombosis of the IJV secondary to miliary tuberculosis.

Case Description:
A 30-year-old woman with disseminated tuberculosis, with multiple lymphadenopathy, axillary, cervical, mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and inguinal, presented with clinical evidence of intracranial hypertension. A diagnostic cerebral angiography was performed, which revealed an occluded left internal jugular and venous stasis in the entire cerebral venous system. The patient was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin, with which she had an adequate evolution.

Conclusion:
Tuberculosis is capable of generating a state of hypercoagulability, in addition to a mechanical compression effect due to cervical lymphadenopathy. We report an unusual clinical presentation, with intracranial involvement due to IJV thrombosis secondary to miliary tuberculosis. So far, there are no cases with a similar presentation described above.
Anatomy of the posterolateral spinal epidural ligaments
Authors: Santos Jaime L. Martinez , Kalhorn Stephen P. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The epidural ligaments (ELs) (of Hofmann) were described as fibrous bands interconnecting the ventrolateral spinal dura and the posterior longitudinal ligament below L1. They are hardly ever discussed in the literature or considered in hypothesis-driven basic science experiments or spine biomechanical models.

Methods:
Intraoperative photographs were obtained to illustrate a group of posterolateral spinal ELs. In addition, electronic database searches (PubMed, Ovid Embase, and SCOPUS) were utilized to summarize the anatomy, and relevant clinical and surgical factors impacting these ELs.

Results:
ELs attach circumferentially at most spinal levels. They anchor the nerve root sleeves ventrally, and therefore, may play a role in the some idiopathic neurologic deficits (e.g., postoperative radiculopathies, C5 palsies) in patients without radiological compression. The posterolateral ELs originate on the dura dorsal to the nerve root sleeves and insert on the ipsilateral lamina, interlaminar ligament, and facet capsule. They appear to be continuous with the peridural membrane, a fibrovascular sheath that surrounds the thecal sac and serves as a scaffold for the internal vertebral venous plexus of Batson and epidural fat.

Conclusion:
The spinal ELs should be divided sharply during surgery to prevent durotomies, especially in patients with advanced spondylosis and facet arthropathy. Disconnecting these ligaments releases the thecal sac laterally and ventrally, allowing for medial mobilization when performing discectomies or for working in the ventral epidural space.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN EKSPLORASI KONSEP GEOMETRI BERSTRUKTUR DARI TEORI VAN HIELE BERBANTUAN SOFTWARE GEOGEBRA
Authors: Pratikna Dominicus Savio , Sugiatno Sugiatno , Hartoyo Agung 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the requirements of instrument, the characteristics of the developed questions prototype, the feasibility of the questions, and the thinking level of students regarding Van Hiele's Theory of geometry concept taught with assistance of Geogebra Software. This study was a Research and Development using Wina Sanjaya's model. The instrument' development procedure consists of four stages, namely: Preliminary Stage, Product Development Stage; Stage of Trial and Product Validation and Dissimination Stage of products. The instrument feasibility is based on the accuracy and practicality test. The subjects of this study were all students of class XI Santu Petrus Pontianak 2016/2017 Academic Year, with a sample of class XI-MIA3 students chosen randomly. The results showed the level of instrument feastibility which expressed through experts' testing and student' opinions, calculation of validity, reliability, distinguishing factors, levels of difficulty, and practicality test results. The instrument obtained an average validity of 0.68 belongs to high category, a reliability of 0.998 belongs to very high category, and a difficulty level of 0.35 belongs to moderate category. The percentage of content validity, construction and language content rated by the experts amounted to 91.16%, which categorized as high. The student response rate was 80.9% which belong to good category.Keywords: Instruments, Van Hiele's theory, Geogebra Software
Large Breathing Effect Induced by Water Sorption in the Exceptionally Stable Nonporous Non-MOF Crystalline Material
Authors: Magott Michał , Gaweł Bartłomiej , Sarewicz Marcin , Reczyński Mateusz , Ogorzały Karolina , Makowski Wacław , Pinkowicz Dawid 
Published: January 2021

We report a non-MOF crystalline material {[Mn(imH)]2[Mo(CN)8]}n (imH = imidazole) with exceptional water sorption properties and a very large breathing effect accompanied by an outstanding stability and cyclability – properties that are absolutely unique for this class of compounds (Prussian Blue Analogs). Some previously published PBAs indeed show some sorption properties, but their cyclability is extremely limited - usually 1-3 cycles - followed by significant decomposition/amorphization. Our compound can be cycled more than 50 times without any fatigue and the sorption/desorption proceeds through four different crystal phases, which we have fully characterized structurally enabling the complete understanding of the sorption and breathing mechanism in this material - an achievement rarely reported for MOFs or PBAs. The unique structure of {[Mn(imH)]2[Mo(CN)8]}n enables very strong coupling of its exceptional water sorption performance with the magnetic and photomagnetic properties of the framework, e.g. the sorption process can be followed by in-situ EPR spectroscopy with huge changes in the EPR signal intensity depending on the hydration level.
TRANSFORMASI DONGENG KLASIK KE WEBTOON ( KARTUN DALAM BENTUK WEB
Authors: Bahtiar Ahmad 
Published: January 2021

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana transformasi dongeng klasik ke dongeng modern yang berbentuk webtoon (kartun dalam bentuk web). Data yang digunakan adalah dongeng klasik Bawang Putih Bawang Merah dan Timun Emas serta webtoon Mera Puti Emas karya Kathrinna Rakhmavika. Webtoon Mera Puti Emas dipilih karena cerita tersebut menggabungkan tokoh-tokoh dalam dongeng klasik Bawang Putih Bawang Merah dan Timun Emas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode karakteristik tokoh untuk mengungkapkan transformasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dalam transformasi tersebut nama-nama tokoh-tokoh dalam dongeng klasik tersebut berganti sehingga karakter mereka pun berubah meskipun dengan kadar yang berbeda. Perubahan lainnya ialah hadirnya tokoh-tokoh baru yang mempengaruhi jalan cerita serta memunculkan nilai-nilai baru yang tidak terdapat dalam dongeng klasik tersebut.Kata Kunci: dongeng, Bawang Putih Bawang Merah, Timun Emas, webtoon, Mera Puti EmasAbstract: This study aims to see how the transformation of classic tales into modern tales in the form of webtoon (cartoons in web form). The data used are the classic fairy tale of Bawang Putih Bawang Merah and Timun Emas and the webtoon of Mera Puti Emas by Kathrinna Rakhmavika. Webtoon Mera Puti Emas was chosen because the story combines the characters in the classic fairy tale Bawang Putih Bawang Merah and Timun Emas. Therefore, this qualitative study uses the character characteristic method to express this transformation. The results showed that in the transformation the names of the figures in the classic tale changed so that their characters also changed even with different levels. Another change is the presence of new characters who influence the storyline and bring up new values that are not contained in these classic tales. Keywords: fairy tales, Bawang Putih Bawang Merah, Timun Emas, webtoon, Mera Puti Emas
O perfil e o papel do orientador educacional na gestão escolar da Rede Municipal de Santa Maria, RS
Authors: Wouters Janete Alassia Drebes , Santos Eliane Aparecida Galvão dos 
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho resulta da pesquisa de dissertação de Mestrado em Ensino de Humanidades e Linguagens da Universidade Franciscana, RS. O objetivo é discutir o perfil e o papel do orientador educacional na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Santa Maria, RS, tendo como problemática saber em que medida o perfil do orientador educacional e seu papel na equipe gestora contribui para a qualificação do trabalho da gestão. A metodologia é qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso. Realizou-se coleta de dados com dezoito orientadores educacionais. Como instrumentos utilizou-se questionário com todos os sujeitos de pesquisa e entrevista semiestruturada com nove. Os dados foram avaliados com a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2016). Os resultados expressaram que o perfil dos orientadores educacionais da Rede Municipal de Santa Maria/RS está consubstanciado com as fragilidades das políticas municipais, pois se caracteriza por um cargo em extinção. Quanto ao papel deles na equipe gestora, os orientadores educacionais salientam que o desempenham de forma articulada com os demais integrantes do grupo, mesmo que se sintam pouco valorizados pelas políticas municipais educacionais.
Los tributos locales en España
Authors: Carrasco Parrilla Pedro José 
Published: January 2021

"Podatki lokalne w Hiszpanii"
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie podatków lokalnych w Hiszpanii w czasie, gdy sytuacja finansowa i kompetencje jednostek samorządu terytorialnego powinny stać się przedmiotem dokładnej analizy. Pod koniec lipca 2017 r. komisja ekspertów powołana do dokonania przeglądu lokalnego systemu finansowania przedstawiła raport, w którym zawarto analizę propozycji reformy systemu finansowania na poziomie lokalnym. W procesie decentralizacji, który miał miejsce po wejściu w życie obecnej Konstytucji w 1978 r., pozycja władz lokalnych została wyraźnie zdegradowana. Jeżeli proponowane reformy ujrzą światło dzienne, w pełni zostanie zagwarantowana i lepiej będzie przestrzegana zasada wystarczalności finansowej, jak równieżwdrożony zostanie lepszy podział zasobów zgodnie z zasadami autonomii, wydajności, sprawiedliwości i współodpowiedzialności fiskalnej. W oczekiwaniu na to autor przedstawia różnego rodzaju podatki obecnie występujące na poziomie lokalnym w Hiszpanii.