bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of Homogeneity Learning and Heterogeneity Familiarization of the Acquisition of Literary Concepts on students at the College of Educationlbn - Rushd
Authors: Abdul Kareem Ahmed Assistprof Dr. Mahabad 
Published: March 2021

This research aims at identifyingthe effect of Homogeneity Learning and Heterogeneity Familiarization of the Acquisition of Literary Concepts on students at the College of Education lbn – Rushd.The Sample of the Study consists of( 90) Students . it is distributed as follows : (30) Students in the First experimental group which is taught according to(Homogeneity Learning Strategy، (30) Students in the second experimental group which is taught according to (Heterogeneity Familiarization)Strategy، and (30) Students in the control group which is taught according to the traditional way of teaching .The three groups are matched in terms of the following variables : the studentsage (in months), their intelligence، their Parents academic level of education، their achievement The researcher has constructed an achievement test which includes (20) items . The items of the test are multiple choice items . the validity of this test has been ascertained and also reliability is obtained by using Pearson Correlltion Formula which yields (0.82) Coefficient Afteranalyzing the results statisticallyit has revealed a statistically significant differences in favor to the experimental groups, the First and the second, in achievement and retention tests
The Submission Emotional Among The Students Of The Preparatory
Authors: Nasir Saluma Assist Lecturer. Salah Adnan 
Published: March 2021

Back to sentiments to antiquity , but the person who the submission emotional cant adjust the positive and negative emotions also fails to choose a profession and also provokes simply especially in preparatory. . Based on the above objectives of the research are as follows :

Measure the submission emotional among the students of the preparatory .
The identify on differences in the submission emotional among the students of the preparatory according to sex (male – female ) .
The identify on differences in the submission emotional among the students of the preparatory according to the variable specialization ( scientific – humanitarian ) .

Included community search students the preparatory in azizia wasit province from fourth , fifth and sixth scientific and literary classes , and sample search of (400) students were selected stratified randomly , and with respect to a device search has been building submission emotional scale , verify virtual honesty and reliability calculation and paragraph three moths , be finalized the scale of (35) paragraph , and then the scale is applied to a sample of applied research , and the results were as follows :

found that students the preparatory suffering from submission emotional .

2. appeared that female from students the preparatory more submission emotional from mal 3. There were no statistically significant differences in submission emotional between specialization scientific and humanitarian for students the preparatory . Based on the results, the researcher recommended offer television programs on the experts to uncover the extent of saturation submission emotional , and suggested a comparative study in submission emotional between students the preparatory and high students
The Essentials of Classroom Management
Authors: Jinam Lect.Eman Jabur 
Published: March 2021

The management of class is a difficult task and how to establish a good relation between the teacher and his students is more difficult. Hence, it is the purpose of this paper to facilitate such difficulties through presenting some strategies which are believed as being essential tools that should be familiar to all teachers.
Many graduate students and post doctorates want to learn how to teach, but they may not have the opportunity to do so while enrolled in graduate school or while working in their post doctorates position. So, it is the aim of this paper to provide support for all graduate students and post doctorates who are interested in learning the concept 0f teaching, engaging students, and creating learning environments.
Text and impact of standards in a poem my nation of Omar Abu Risha
Authors: Najjar Assist. Prof. Dr. Ashwaq Mohammed Ismail 
Published: March 2021

This research is marked aims (Text and impact of standards in a poem my nation of Omar Abu Risha) thread, to study the associated text scripts standards in a poem (my nation), which includes a standard Cohesion Besnver grammar bonding which is achieved by means of assignment, and substitution, deletions, and affection, bonding lexical detective Boselta redundancy and convergence, and the standard of Coherence which is achieved by means of relations (relationship of aggregate and detail, and general and particular, and contrast, cause and effect), and other means about the subject of the speech, and Alngarb, and time, and includes a search as well as standards related to product text and receiving in a poem (my nation), and include standard Intentionality and Acceptability, and standards associated with the conditions of text production and received, as fall beneath Informativity standards, and the context of the situation, and Intertextuality, relying on the descriptive and statistical applied in the development of such standards and their impact on theinterdependence of parts of the text to each other. The research found that the poem (my nation) Tnmaz conjunction and cohesion, consistency between parts, and the efficiency of text where high; the availability of all scripts standards and Taaorha in conjunction with each other text modules.
Prophet Essa . related quranic speech :Rhetorical approach in the light of pragmatic theory
Authors: Al- Jumaily Assist. Prof. Dr .Adnan Jassim Mohammed 
Published: March 2021

The current study atlempts at spotlightinga set of pragmatic phenomena included in the quranic verses related to prophet essa. This is done by rnetorical analysis of these verses making use of the modern view of pragmatics . the study seeks to uncover certain phenomena starting with the defintion of pragmatics , moving toits origin and formation . the study also discusses topics such as the functional content of pragmatics and rhetoric , verbal verbs theory ‘ Arabic rhetoric‘ and pragmatics in the old Arabic heritage . the study then shifts to the practical phase as it studies the techniqnes of affermation , interogation, command , and negativecommand ‘the latter includes topics as diversion from past to future‘‘apostrophe ‘anastrophe‘ ‘elision ‘ circumlocution ‘ wholeanddetail ‘ and epanodos . simile , metaphor‘ and Metonymy and innuendo
Tradition phenomenon among middle school students from the viewpoint of teachers : Causes and treatments
Authors: Qaraghouli Dr. Hassan Ahmed Suhail 
Published: March 2021

: -The problem can be formulated the following question
What are the causes of the phenomenon of tradition among middle school students? What are the processing methods from the standpoint of teachers?.
And it can be summed up the importance of current research following points
The increasing prevalence of tradition among the middle school students phenomenon-
-The importance of attention to the students of the middle stage, and to identify the causes of the phenomenon of tradition among students.
-The importance of methods of treatment of the tradition from the perspective of the phenomenon of teachers, so as to find out the processors in multiple areas
Current search targeted the following::
and techniques and educational programs contribute to the reduction of the negative and mimicry among young people
-In light of the search results, the researcher suggested some of the conclusions and recommendations and proposals related variables search..
Effect of strategy (SQ3R, a look, send, read, heard, see) in the collection of the first phase of student colleges of education in the foundations of education.
Authors: Sacrann Dr. Nasir Khudair , Hassan Dr. Abbas Lafta 
Published: March 2021

The current research aims to answer the following hypothesis: -
Is there a difference is statistically significant at the level of (0,05) in the collection of students after use strategy (SQ3R, a look, send, read, heard, see) in the collection of the first phase of student colleges of education in the foundations of education who are studying in accordance with the strategy (SQ3R , take a look, send, read, heard, see) and students who are studying the same material in the traditional way? If he chooses researcher College of Education, Ibn Rushd for Humanities then chose the Department of History and then chose researcher Divisions (a - c) and the Division of Research consisted of choice for many and objective dimension choice scale over the equality of the two groups in achievement and after the match the search tool and Althakqmn exchange virtual designed After the presentation to a group of experts and arbitrators researcher method used to measure the re-testing? After the result of the second test data analyzed using appropriate statistical methods if the result showed

The average scores of the experimental group (2.38).
There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0,05) ordering the second calculated value (6,26) is greater than the second spreadsheet (2,01) critically (58) and this is evidence of the superiority of the experimental group to the control group
Domino, novel steganography system
Authors: Abdulmajeed Nadia mohammed 
Published: March 2021

Primary objective of the proposed system is to achieve higher level of confidentiality in absence of standard encryption techniques which add up to complexity of the stego system.
In this system the principle of dominoes is adopted in the way of the selection of the pixel of the image to hide the ciphertext. Where domino stones models are prepared in advance, which are two-dimensional matrices (2*6), and selecting one of them and start the projection of the model on the image and hide the ciphertext in the pixel corresponding to the points in the domino model
Experimental results show that the proposed system effectively achieve the objective. Even though the proposed system gives good enhancement to the steganoraphy technique and there is no difference between the cover-image and the stego-image can be seen by the human vision system (HVS), so this method can be considered as a success and can be adopted in the field of steganography.
Allen Tate's Agrarianism: a Defense of Allegiance
Authors: Ismail Assist. prof .Nadia Ali 
Published: March 2021

Allen Tate (1899-1979) was born in Kentucky .As a Southerner he was unwilling to be like his people who were unaware of their imperfections. He realized that lack of belief in tradition which was the illness of the modern mind. It turned life to hell with a variety of tortures. Hence his agrarianism was a call to the Southerners to retreat to their tradition.It was a revolt against industrialism as an enslaving power, a destroyer threatening the very existence of human society.
His agrarianism proved to be an image of life man should desire, a life imbued with tradition and belief; tradition in its historical and religious sense shapes the spirit of protest in his poetry. It is a protest against the kind of life modern man attached himself to, which dehumanized him resulting in spiritual fragmentation.
Tate did what none of his fellow Agrarians attempted, to turn Agrarian concerns inward, a quest for identity , for spiritual roots and affirmation. This is what makes his agrarianism a defense of personal allegiance, besides its historical , social and religious implications
Nominal state in (anomalous readings) book by Ibn Khalawayh(370a.h) semantic study
Authors: A. Alwardi Lect. Dr. Ali . 
Published: March 2021

Research in Quarrian readings is considered an imported scope in studying different patterns of using language in argument period ,that is away from necessity of poetry and anonymous texts and knowing the important period in Arabic language history, in addition to know the effect of context in these readings and changes that, generally period Arabic and holy Quran font and types and linguistic derivation and synonymously in using these patterens and their indications.
Journals as a Source of Information for Library Users
Authors: Al-Khalidi Asst.Lect. Mansour Edan Aqrab 
Published: March 2021

This study examines

The emergence of Central Library
2. Evolution at the University of Qadisiyah
3. The extent to meet their own needs
4. Stand on the most important difficulties and obstacles faced by students when using the library, and develop solutions that advance by patrols have used the survey method in this study and adopted the questionnaire as a tool to collect data, the study concluded a set of findings and recommendations and proposals.
Spatial and Temporal Variation of the Continental and Marine in the Governorates of Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah, for the period 1984-2013
Authors: Al-Jubouri. Assist. Prof. Dr.  Salam Hatif Ahmed 
Published: March 2021

The Governorates of Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah are characterized by high Continental degree, and low Marine degree. Showing Continental and Marine degree for every Governorate depending on the period of study is the most important aim in this research.
The highest continental degree recorded in the study area was 96.7%, in Basrah in 2008 according to Borisov equation, and the Continental refers to very severe continental climate. This Continental degree was the highest between three other equations used depending on weather Stations Data In Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah, The continental Degree according to equations refer to rise trend in the period 1984-2013.
Teaching chemistry According to the Accelerator Cognitive Strategy and its Impact on the Achievement and the Development of Scientific Thinking of the First Grade Students
Authors: Abbood Dr. Suhad Abdul Ameer 
Published: March 2021

The study aimed to know the effect of acceleration of knowledge in the achievement and the development of scientific thinking among students of the first grade average, compared to the usual way strategy, formed the research sample of 55 students, it has been Tozaahn randomly into two groups rewarded in the variables (chronological age and attainment former chemistry in half year and educational attainment of the parents and scientific thinking). Dُrst experimental group of (28) students in accordance with the accelerator cognitive strategy, and studied group (control group) and of the number of members (27) students in the usual way.
The achievement test preparation according to the levels of Bloom (remember, absorb and apply the analysis), was checked by a charity and persistence, and the measure of scientific thinking in chemistry. After applying Odata Search results revealed a statistically significant difference in favor of the experimental group students who studied in accordance with the accelerator cognitive strategy in the test grades as well as in scientific thinking in chemistry scale.
La Soledad y la Alienación Psicológica en la novela "Nada" de Carmen Laforet …La tentativa de la interpretación (Un estudio analítico)
Authors: H.Saleem Dr. Qasem Mohammed 
Published: March 2021

في هذا البحث نناقش الآثار السلبية من العزلة والاغتراب في المجتمع الإسباني، في مرحلة ما بعد الحرب الأهلية الإسبانية مباشرة، وهذا الوضع له تأثير سيء في الفرد والمجتمع، من خلال رواية (لا شيء) الكاتب الإسباني (كارمن لافوريت) إنها دعوة إلى الكتّاب والمفكرين إلى نجدة ودعم مجتمعهم من خلال تلك الكتابات الإبداعية، وأثر سيء من الحروب والكوارث والأزمات دمر كل جوانب الحياة (الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية والثقافية)، والتي تؤدي إلى العزلة والاغتراب والحاضر يترك على الأثر النفسي البشري. ان غاية البحث هي التعريف باثر العزلة والاغتراب في تفكك الاواصر الاجتماعية والمكانية والاسرية وضررها على المجتمع والانسان بنفس القوة , ولعل المجتمع العراقي في هذه المرحلة احوج ما يكون لمعرفة نتائج الظروف الصعبة التي بلا شك ستقود للعزلة والاغتراب , ولا سيما الطبقة المثقفة لكي تقوم بعمل جدار صد ثقافي عله ينقذ بلدنا .
"An Investigation of the Hierarchy of Realization of English Idiomatic Phraseology by Iraqi Learners of EFL
Authors: Al-Deen Dr. Madeha Saif , Abdulqader M. Zainab Jihad 
Published: March 2021

هنالك العديد من التراكيب الاصطلاحية التي تُعَد من المشكلات الرئيسة لمتعلمي اللغة الإنكليزية بوصفها لغة أجنبية. وكذلك التراكيب التعبيرية كمصطلح عام والأفعال المركبة بشكلٍ خاص والتي هي إحدى أشكال تلك التعابير الاصطلاحية ولا يمكننا إنكار حقيقة أن المتعلمين للغة الإنكليزية بوصفها لغة أجنبية يجدون صعوبة في فهم واستخدام تلك التراكيب التعبيرية، وهذا الأمر يقودهم إلى تجنب استخدام تلك التراكيب. تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرّف إلى أي مدى يستطيع المتعلمون العراقيون للغة الإنكليزية تمييز وإنتاج التراكيب التعبيرية الاصطلاحية كمشكلة من المشكلات التي يواجهها هؤلاء المتعلمون، كما تهدف هذهِ الدراسة إلى معرفة فيما إذا كانت تلك التراكيب التعبيرية تتدرج في صعوبتها خلال المراحل الأربع في الكلية. ولقد أفتُرِض انه هنالك بعض الفروق الإحصائية بين المتعلمين للمراحل الأربع في قسم اللغة الإنكليزية في جامعة تكريت/ كلية التربية للبنات. طبّق الاختبار على 100 طالبة في كلية التربية للبنات/ جامعة تكريت. تقع الدراسة بجزئين رئيسين، يهتم الجزء الأول بالجانب النظري المتمثل باصطلاحات فضلًا عن التراكيب التعبيرية، تعاريفها، أنواعها، وبعض خصائصها, كما يشتمل على التداخل الحاصل بين المصطلحين. بينما يعني الجزء الثاني من هذه الدراسة بالإجراءات الإحصائية المتبعة من الباحثتين. تشير الاستنتاجات بأنه ليس بالضرورة أن تتطور اللغة بشكل مستمر، وكما يبدو فأن بعض الاصطلاحات التعبيرية لا تتطور بينما البعض تتقدم نحوه. وفي نهاية البحث، ضمّنت الباحثتان هذه الدراسة عدداً من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات.
A Study of Intertextuality in Political Press Samples
Authors: Hassan Dr. Hassan Hadi , Hameed Dr. Raghad Kamal 
Published: March 2021

يدرس هذا البحث ظاهرة التداخل النصي intertextuality على وجه العموم وفي الكتابات الصحفية بصورة خاصة. تحاول هذه الدراسة أن تبين طبيعة هذه الظاهرة والسر وراء الاهتمام الواسع بها . تبدا الدراسة بمقدمة بسيطة كتمهيد للموضوع ثم بتقديم بعض التعاريف والآراء لمختلف اللغويين من اجل توضيح طبيعة الموضوع . تم ايضاً استعراض اهم انواع وابعاد التداخل النصي لينتهي الموضوع بتحليل نماذج صحفية محددة والخروج بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات المناسبة.
Feminism in Heneric Ibsen’s A Dolls' House
Authors: Radam Assist. Inst. Halima Ismail 
Published: March 2021

هذا البحث هو حول دور النساء وحقوق النساء في مسرحية لعبة البيت لهنرك ابسن الذي كتب المسرحية بتاريخ 1879، وتعدُّ هذه المسرحية من المسرحيات العالمية، والكاتب يلقب (أبو المسرح المتجدد). في هذا البحث تم التركيز في دور المراءة في البيت ،ونظرة الرجل لها من خلال قيامها بوجبها اتجاه اسرتها من الاطفال والزوج. وقد اعطيت معنى المساوات تعريفاً ومصطلحاً، وتطور هذا المفهوم، وكذلك شرحت دور النساء في هذه المسرحية التي بطلتها هي نورة زوجة هيلمر، ومن جانب اخر بينت كيف أن المراءة هي المحور الاساسي في هذه المسرحية اما في الخاتمة؛ فبينت كيف أنّ نورة تركت بيتها واطفالها من اجل أن تكون شخصية مستقلة لها.
Frustration and Aggression in John Osborne’s “Look Back in Anger”
Authors: Jamil Assist. Lect. Abdul jaleel Fadhil 
Published: March 2021

"ننظر إلى الوراء في غضب" هي مسرحية ظهرت في مرحلة انتقالية حاسمة من الماضي في بريطانيا الفيكتوري في القرن العشرين الحديث. الغضب جيمي والغضب هو تعبيره عن المشاعر المكبوتة وحاجته للحياة في عالم اصبح فاتر ورتيبا. وأصبح هذا الغضب رمزا للتمرد ضد التوعك السياسي والاجتماعي للثقافة البريطانية. غضبه مدمر لمن حوله والعنف النفسي للمسرحية تلقى قدرا كبيرا من الانتقادات. النقاد يتفقون اليوم، مع ذلك، أن المسرحية أمر أساسي لفهم الحياة البريطانية في القرن العشرين، وبالتالي، وعمل مهم في الأدب البريطاني الحديث.
Refusal Phylosoph , Semantics Dimensions in Fawzi Karim Poetry
Authors: Alddin Assist. Prof. Dr. Israa Amer Shams 
Published: March 2021

يُعدُّ فوزي كريم شاعِرًا وكاتبًا ورسَّامًا من الجيل الستينيِّ، غادرَ العراق مرتينِ، كانتِ الثانية إلى منفاهُ الأخير، لندن، صدرتْ مجموعتهُ الشعرية عن دارِ المدى، وبعدَ اِستقرائها، وجدتُ فيها تكرُّرًا لرفضهِ واقعَ وطنهِ تغييبًا لذاتِ الإنسانِ ومُكوِّنهِ الوجوديِّ، لذا آثرَ الهجرةَ، التي لَمْ تكن أقلَّ وطأةً من موطنهِ، إذْ الضياعُ الذَّاتي، والنفس المُتآكِلَةُ شوقًا إلى الأهلِ والأصدقاءِ وأماكنِ الصبا والشباب.
وددْتُ تقسيم البحثِ على أساليبَ الرفضِ والألفاظِ، إلاَّ أنَّ التمازُج بين الاثنينِ دفعني إلى اختيارِ مسلكِ الدَّلالةِ، مقسمةً إيَّاها على : رفضِ واقع الوطن ، ورفضِ واقع الغربة .
The views of Orientalists in the personality Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) - A model - Lammens - Ntnj
Authors: Al-Nasire Dr. Emad Tally Mahade 
Published: March 2021

من دواعي البحث تشخيص الاسباب التي دفعت بالمستشرقين الى اتباع هذا المنهج، و يمكن تصنيف هذه الاسباب الى صنفين: الاول يتعلق بالمسلمين انفسهم والثاني يرجع الى المستشرقين وما كانوا يحملون من افكار قد تكون مسبقة عن الإِسلام او انها ناتجة عن سوء فهم او حقد او رجوعهم الى روايات أموية. تناولنا في هذه البحث الامور التي اتهم به الامام الحسن(عليه السلام) من قبل المستشرقين (لامنس ونتنج) بانه شخصية متخاذلة، انصرف الى ملذاته وشهواته وغيرها من الامور التي لا تمت له بأية صلة، ثم اختلفا حتى في سبب وفاة الامام الحسن (عليه السلام)، فدرسنا روايتهما بلا أيّ تعصب وتشنج ، وتبين انهما اتسما بالتحامل على الامام الحسن(عليه السلام)، ولم يكن الامام الحسن(عليه السلام ) متخاذلا حسب ما ادعيا، ولكن المشاكل الّتي واجهته في بداية خلافته ادت إلى هروب بعض قادة جيشه إلى معاوية وفي مثل هذه الظروف لم تكن لدى الإمام الحسن(عليه السلام) أيّة وسيلة إلاّ قبول الصلح ، ولم يسالم معاوية الا بعد الانقسام والتدهور اللذين اصابا الجيش عكس ما ذكره المستشرقان لامنس ونتنج، ويبدو ان المستشرقين لم يقرآ التاريخ جيدا في ما يتعلق بشخصية الامام الحسن (عليه السلام )، واعتمدا على الروايات الموضوعة التي تتحدث عن سيرة الامام الحسن (عليه السلام) ليكوِّنا رؤية مشوَّهة ونظرة سيئة عن الإمام الحسن (عليه السلام)، وهذا ناتج من تأثرهما بالأمويين او نتيجة افكار مسمومة تبنتها جهات تهدف الى تشويه صورة الامام (عليه السلام) والا هناك الكثير من الكتابات المنصفة بحق الامام لماذا لم يقرأها (لامنس ونتنج ) ويعطيانا رايهما بل اصرا على قراءة كل ما شانه الاساءة بحق الامام الحسن(عليه السلام)، وهذا دليل واضح لا غبار عليه على تعمدهما هذا الدس، ولو القينا نظرة على بعض مصادرنا الإِسلامية المعتمدة عند كل المذاهب التي ورد فيها ذكر الإمام الحسن (عليه السلام)، لوجدنا ما يفند ادعاءهما، والجهات الداعمة لهذا المشروع .
The effect of Using Buxton in the achievement of the scientific branch students fourth class and logic Intelligence
Authors: Adnan Teacher: Samira 
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to identify the effect of Using Buxton - logic Intelligence and fourth class in physics find determined by fourth grade students the average of the province of Baghdad for the academic year 2015- 2016 , the four chapters of the first semester of physics textbook for Grade Average Total sample (62) female students in the secondgrade as(31) studentsfor the experimental group and (31) for the control group. the researcher formulated (125) behavioral objectives within the levels (remembering.understanding .application .analysis.) according to blooms classification of the cognitive field . the researcher adopted an achievement test made from (40) items the type the multiple choice. She also prepared test of motivation toward physics logic Intelligence stage made up of (35) andfor the purpose of verifying the equivalence of research groups have been ,( the previous –information , age in monthes , intellingence ,testreflective – logic Intelligence) the use of study f Using Buxton in the achievement of the scientific branch students fourth class and logic Intelligence