bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N‐Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) is dysregulated in colorectal cancer patients and its inhibition reduces experimental cancer growth
Authors: Romano Barbara , Pagano Ester , Iannotti Fabio A. , Piscitelli Fabiana , Brancaleone Vincenzo , Lucariello Giuseppe , Nanì Maria Francesca , Fiorino Ferdinando , Sparaco Rosa , Vanacore Giovanna , Di Tella Federica , Cicia Donatella , Lionetti Ruggero , Makriyannis Alexandros , Malamas Michael , De Luca Marcello , Aprea Giovanni , D'Armiento Maria , Capasso Raffaele , Sbarro Bernardo , Venneri Tommaso , Di Marzo Vincenzo , Borrelli Francesca , Izzo Angelo A. 
Published: November 2021

Background and PurposeN‐Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) is a lysosomal enzyme accountable for the breakdown of N‐acylethanolamines (NAEs) and its pharmacological inhibition has beneficial effects in inflammatory conditions. The knowledge of NAAA in cancer is fragmentary with an unclarified mechanism, whereas its contribution to colorectal cancer (CRC) is unknown to date.Experimental ApproachCRC xenograft and azoxymethane models were used to assess the in vivo effect of NAAA inhibition. Further, the tumour secretome was evaluated by an oncogenic array, CRC cell lines were used for in vitro studies, cell cycle was analysed by cytofluorimetry, NAAA was knocked down with siRNA, human biopsies were obtained from surgically resected CRC patients, gene expression was measured by RT‐PCR and NAEs were measured by LC–MS.Key ResultsThe NAAA inhibitor AM9053 reduced CRC xenograft tumour growth and counteracted tumour development in the azoxymethane model. NAAA inhibition affected the composition of the tumour secretome inhibiting the expression of EGF family members. In CRC cells, AM9053 reduced proliferation with a mechanism mediated by PPAR‐α and TRPV1. AM9053 induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase associated with cyclin A2/CDK2 down‐regulation. NAAA knock‐down mirrored the effects of NAAA inhibition with AM9053. NAAA expression was down‐regulated in human CRC tissues, with a consequential augmentation of NAE levels and dysregulation of some of their targets.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur results show novel data on the functional importance of NAAA in CRC progression and the mechanism involved. We propose that this enzyme is a valid drug target for the treatment of CRC growth and development.
CHA2DS2‐VASc impact on risk following percutaneous coronary intervention in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Jensen Thomas , Thrane Pernille Gro , Olesen Kevin Kris Warnakula , Würtz Morten , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Jensen Lisette Okkels , Madsen Morten , Thim Troels , Dalby Kristensen Steen , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Maeng Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsIn 2010, the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines on atrial fibrillation (AF) introduced the CHA2DS2‐VASc score to guide initiation of oral anticoagulation. In patients with AF undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), triple therapy with oral anticoagulation and dual antiplatelet therapy was recommended to reduce ischaemic risk. We examined how the CHA2DS2‐VASc score impacted oral anticoagulation use and risks of ischaemic and hospitalized bleeding events in patients with AF undergoing PCI.MethodsWe included 6,014 patients with AF undergoing first‐time PCI in Western Denmark between 2003 and 2017. We divided patients into four groups based on year of PCI and estimated 1‐year risks of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and hospitalization for bleeding.ResultsThe proportion of oral anticoagulation users was 48% in 2003–2006 and 49% in 2006–2010. Following the CHA2DS2‐VASc score implementation, the proportion increased to 59% in 2011–2014 and 77% in 2015–2017. Using 2003–2006 as reference, risks of MACE were similar in 2007–2010 (adjusted relative risk [RRadj] 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–1.18) and 2011–2014 (RRadj 0.92, 95% CI 0.78–1.09), but declined by 23% in 2015–2017 (RRadj 0.77, 95% CI 0.65–0.92). Hospitalizations for bleeding did not increase despite wider use of triple therapy.ConclusionImplementation of the CHA2DS2‐VASc score in the 2010 European guidelines on AF was associated with an increased utilization of oral anticoagulation and triple therapy among AF patients undergoing PCI. These changes were associated with a gradual decline in the risk of MACE, while the risk of hospitalized bleeding remained unchanged.
Geographical homogenization but little net change in the local richness of Canadian butterflies
Authors: Lewthwaite Jayme M. M. , Mooers Arne Ø. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimRecent studies have found that local‐scale plots measured through time exhibit marked variation in the change in species richness. However, the overall effect often reveals no net change. Most studies to date have been agnostic about the identities of the species lost/gained and about the processes that might lead to these changes. Generalist traits might be crucial in allowing species to colonize new plots or remain resilientin situ, whereas environmental filtering might remove specialists. We test whether plots are changing in species richness, whether they are becoming more similar (i.e., becoming homogenized) through time and whether several generalist traits can predict gains or losses from local plots.LocationCanada.Time period1945–2015.Major taxa studiedTwo hundred and sixty‐five species of butterflies.MethodsWe measured change in species richness and pairwise beta diversity across 96 well‐sampled 10 km × 10 km plots across Canada between two time periods: 1945–1975 and 1985–2015. We looked at the effects of wing span, mobility, dietary breadth and range size on the number of grid cells each species gained and lost between time periods.ResultsWe observed a slight increase in plot‐level species richness, and that these communities are becoming homogenized through time. We note that most butterfly species in Canada have large North American ranges. The species with the widest ranges are better able to colonize new plots than species with narrower ranges, but also experience higher frequencies of local extinctions. In sum, the median range size of species within a plot increased through time.Main conclusionsWe highlight that, even when local species richness exhibits very little change, other potentially important changes in biodiversity can occur, such as geographical homogenization attributable to the colonization dynamics of species that are already widely distributed. Such patterns can reconcile observed global losses of species with the simultaneous lack of change in local diversity.
Embedded librarians: An innovative experience in health and wellness communication
Authors: Barbaro Annarita , Amicarella Sofia Enrica , Ferrari Paola , Sorcini Ilaria , Zedda Monica 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe article discusses the experiences of Italian librarians taking part in an institutional project to produce a new general‐public‐oriented health web portal. The web portal was set up to provide verified and easily understandable health information, and to debunk health‐related fake news circulating on the internet. The different roles, knowledge and skills acquired in during the project this are discussed and show how the librarian’s knowledge and skills were of fundamental importance for the success of the Web Portal. By collaborating with other professions new skills such as social media management, video creation and Search Engine Optimization were gained, which enhanced the information literacy role of the service.
Using an artificial intelligence tool can be as accurate as human assessors in level one screening for a systematic review
Authors: Burns Joseph K. , Etherington Cole , Cheng‐Boivin Olivia , Boet Sylvain 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising solution to expedite various phases of the systematic review process such as screening.ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the accuracy of an AI tool in identifying eligible references for a systematic review compared to identification by human assessors.MethodsFor the case study (a systematic review of knowledge translation interventions), we used a diagnostic accuracy design and independently assessed for eligibility a set of articles (n = 300) using human raters and the AI system DistillerAI (Evidence Partners, Ottawa, Canada). We analysed a series of 64 possible confidence levels for the AI’s decisions and calculated several standard parameters of diagnostic accuracy for each.ResultsWhen set to a lower AI confidence threshold of 0.1 or greater and an upper threshold of 0.9 or lower, DistillerAI made article selection decisions very similarly to human assessors. Within this range, DistillerAI made a decision on the majority of articles (93–100%), with a sensitivity of 1.0 and specificity ranging from 0.9 to 1.0.ConclusionDistillerAI appears to be accurate in its assessment of articles in a case study of 300 articles. Further experimentation with DistillerAI will establish its performance among other subject areas.
Sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farinae drops for pediatric atopic dermatitis
Authors: Huang Chaodi , Tang Jianping 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the clinical effect and safety of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with Dermatophagoides farinae drops for pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD).MethodsWe enrolled children aged 4–13 years with AD and grouped them into the SLIT and control groups using the random number table method. We subdivided each group based on treatment duration (1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year subgroups). The SLIT group received Dermatophagoides farinae drops, and both groups received conventional treatment (topical glucocorticoids, skin moisturizers, oral antihistamines, and allergen avoidance). Effective rate and effect were compared between groups after 1, 2, and 3 years of treatment.ResultsWe assessed 309 SLIT cases (male, 192; age, 4–13 years) and 131 controls (male, 79; age 4–13 years). The effective rate and curative effect after 2 and 3 years of treatment were significantly different between the groups (P < 0.05). The effect and effective rates between corresponding SLIT and control group treatment duration subgroups were significantly different (P < 0.05). SLIT group duration subgroups showed significant differences in the effect and effective rates (P < 0.05). Posttreatment Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores in the SLIT group duration subgroups were significantly lower than those of the corresponding control subgroups (P < 0.05). Upon follow‐up at 1 year post treatment completion, the SLIT group’s SCORAD score was significantly lower than its baseline score and the control group’s follow‐up score (P < 0.05).ConclusionSLIT with Dermatophagoides farinae drops for pediatric AD is safe and effective; effectiveness is maintained after treatment cessation, and prolonged treatment improves efficacy.
Will wind always boost early‐age shrinkage of cement paste?
Authors: Zhang Lifeng , Ruan Shaoqin , Qian Kuangliang , Gu Xuliang , Qian Xiaoqian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractImmediately after casting, the occurrence of early age shrinkage is sensitive to internal stresses, degree of hydration, and tensile strength, which is of concern to engineers. This study investigated the influences of wind speeds on early‐age shrinkage and tensile strength (strain) of cement paste, and the results were further interpreted by an investigation of hydration degree and capillary water. The outcomes show that as the wind speed increased, the shrinkages (i.e., drying, chemical, and autogenous shrinkage) experienced various trends depending on several factors. Meanwhile, a variety of wind speeds altered the proportion of the evaporation in the capillary water, the inner moisture distribution, and the humidity difference between specimens’ surface and their interior sections. Further, tensile strength and elastic modulus were deteriorated by wind, whereas with the growth of the wind speed, the ultimate tensile strain of specimens exhibited various scenarios within and after 24 h.
Quo vadis, esthetic dentistry? Ceramic veneers and overtreatment—A cautionary tale
Authors: Hirata Ronaldo , Sampaio Camila S. , de Andrade Oswaldo Scopin , Kina Sidney , Goldstein Ronald E. , Ritter Andre V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe increased emphasis on orofacial esthetics, experienced both by dental professionals and the lay public, results in an environment where overtreatment can easily occur. Patients on the one hand feel pressure from esthetic norms that are often unrealistic, while dental professionals are compelled to deliver immediate results many times without considering what is best for the ill‐informed patient. This article is an illustrated cautionary tale against overtreatment disguised as esthetic dentistry. Representative clinical examples illustrate how porcelain veneers are used without following sound operatory principles, as well as how these cases have been resolved.
Alertness during working hours among eight‐hour rotating‐shift nurses: An observational study
Authors: Min Ari , Hong Hye Chong , Son Sungtaek , Lee Tae Hee 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to identify the patterns of the decline in the alertness of rotating‐shift nurses during working hours across different shift types (day, evening, and night) using an objective measure.DesignAn observational study using ReadiBand wrist actigraphs was conducted.MethodsData were collected from June 2019 to February 2020. Participants were rotating‐shift nurses (N = 82) who provided direct nursing care for patients in acute care hospitals in South Korea. Nurses wore actigraphs continuously for 14 days on their non‐dominant hand to identify sleep–wake cycles and predict their alertness scores hourly. All participants completed a sleep diary.FindingsNurses working during night shifts had lower average alertness scores (mean = 77.12) than nurses working during day (mean = 79.05) and evening (mean = 91.21). Overall, alertness showed a declining trend and the specific patterns of decline differed across shifts. Participants with alertness scores less than 70 or 80 demonstrated a significant decline in alertness across all shifts.ConclusionsDistinct patterns of decline in alertness per nursing shift were revealed. Each shift feature should be considered when developing interventions to increase nurses’ alertness, promote high‐quality care provision, and ensure patient safety.Clinical relevanceThe implementation of interventions to increase alertness among shift nurses is needed at the organizational level, and the cooperation of nursing managers and administrators is required.
The baby‐led weaning method: A focus on mealtime behaviours, food acceptance and fine motor skills
Authors: Campeau Meghan , Philippe Sarah , Martini Rose , Fontaine‐Bisson Bénédicte 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBaby‐led weaning (BLW) is an alternative complementary feeding method by which children feed themselves starting at 6 months with suitable solid finger foods. Despite its increasing popularity worldwide, research is limited on its effects on diet‐related behaviours and no study has yet addressed its association with fine motor skills. This cross‐sectional study aimed to compare 10‐ to 14‐month‐old children's mealtime behaviours, food acceptance and fine motor skills between the BLW and traditional spoon‐feeding (TSF) methods (n = 82; 41 per group). Parents completed three online questionnaires regarding feeding practices, eating behaviours and food consumption acceptance, and the Peabody developmental motor scale test was performed in person with each child. Compared to the TSF method, BLW was associated with a higher satiety responsiveness score (mean ± SEM: BLW 13.6 ± 0.5 vs. TSF 11.6 ± 0.5, p = 0.005), a slower eating pace (BLW 10.0 ± 0.5 vs. TSF 11.4 ± 0.5, p = 0.04), and a marginally higher grasping skill score and fine motor quotient (p = 0.05 for both). There was no difference in food acceptance between the two feeding methods. Parental pressure was negatively associated with some food acceptance and mealtime behaviours. BLW is associated with beneficial mealtime behaviours and possibly with fine motor skills development. This study reiterates the importance of avoiding pressuring infants while eating.
Seeking and maintaining connections: A grounded theory study of maintaining spirituality in residential aged care facilities
Authors: Gautam Sital , Montayre Jed , Neville Stephen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMoving to a residential aged care facility involves living far from family and a familiar environment, and leaving behind the social support system of relatives, friends, and society. The pressure to find and develop new and meaningful connections in a residential aged care facility can be significant for older adults.ObjectiveTo provide a theoretical explanation of how older adults seek and maintain connections in a residential aged care facility.MethodsA grounded theory study was conducted. A total of 17 residents were recruited from two Nepalese residential aged care facilities using theoretical sampling. Face to face in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews and observation within interviews were conducted. Data analysis included the process of open, axial, selective coding, and constant comparative analysis as per Corbin and Strauss’ variant of grounded theory.ResultsThis study identified that the process of seeking connections in a residential aged care facility was forward‐moving, and involved “identifying sources,” “developing connections,” and “appraising responses.” By seeking connections, residents built new connections. Similarly, the study found that maintaining connections was a continuous process of “sustaining connections with co‐residents,” “preserving connections with nurses/caregivers,” and “continuing connections with inner‐self and higher being/s.” Maintaining connections led residents to balance shifting connections. Furthermore, it was found that the process of seeking and maintaining connections was conditional on facility arrangement i.e. the way residents were placed, rules, regulations, co‐residents’ language, gender, religious affiliation, attitudes, the attitudes and practices of nurses/caregivers, decreasing physical abilities of residents, increasing illness of residents, illness or death of co‐residents, and retirement or resignation of nurses/caregivers.ConclusionThe current study provides unique insights into the process of seeking and maintaining connections in a residential aged care facility. Facility arrangement, rules, regulations, and caregiving practices should resonate with residents’ socio‐cultural expectations and spiritual belief system to support their process of seeking and maintaining connections.Implications for practiceThe findings can be beneficial for managers, nurses, caregivers, and spiritual advisors in developing interventions that promote the development of meaningful connections in a residential aged care facility.
A Remorseful Criminal: Searching for Guilt in Aristotle
Authors: Zavaliy Andrei G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhile instances of shame are plenty in Ancient Greek sources, it is notoriously difficult to identify a case of a wrongdoer who exhibits a reaction approximating our modern concept of guilt. Adopting a behavioural criterion for demarcating shame from guilt, I examine the most promising description of a guilt‐feeling from Aristotle’s Ethics. The description stands out from the earlier tradition by reversing the pattern of the behavioural tendencies of a wrongdoer, but fits well with the phenomenon of inner shame. The condition described by Aristotle can thus be conceived as self‐shaming, but one that exhibits some of the features that have more in common with guilt.
Dental treatment under intravenous sedation prolongs longevity of a fixed prosthesis in patients with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Yamaguchi‐Komeyama Kaori , Tanoue Naomi , Kurata Shinji , Ayuse Takao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to assess the longevity of a fixed prosthesis in patients with intellectual disability (ID) and to investigate the risk factors associated with the failure of a prosthesis due to abutment tooth extraction or prosthesis dislodgement or removal.MethodsWe studied past medical records to evaluate the longevity of 315 prostheses that were luted in 76 patients with ID. We calculated the survival rates and assessed 15 variables potentially associated with prosthetic failure using multivariate Cox regression analyses with shared frailty for patients.ResultsThree‐quarters of our sample population had severe or profound ID. The maximum observation period was 31.0 years, and the corresponding survival ratio was 32.5%; the survival ratio at 10 years was 59.4%. The use of intravenous sedation significantly influenced the success of the prosthesis, with the hazard ratio (HR) being 0.49 times that of conventional treatment without behavior‐altering drug therapy. The most significant risk factor for prosthetic failure was age at placement; the HR for patients aged ≥31 years was 2.82 times that for patients aged ≤ 20 years.ConclusionsIn patients with severe ID, appropriate intravenous sedation was effective in prolonging the longevity of a fixed prosthesis.
Examining the effects of undergraduate STEM teacher recruitment and teacher education programs on preservice secondary science and mathematics teacher readiness and teacher performance assessment (edTPA) scores
Authors: Moon Sungmin , Carpenter Stacey L. , Hansen Alexandria K. , Bushong Leslie , Bianchini Julie A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe examined the effects of teacher education on preservice secondary science and mathematics teacher readiness. The construct of teacher readiness consisted of three dimensions: (a) preservice teachers’ understanding of how to implement current standards, (b) their understanding of how to teach multilingual learners (MLs), and (c) their beliefs about their abilities and skills as educators. To determine teacher readiness, a subset of preservice teachers enrolled in six teacher education programs (TEPs) completed a pre‐ and post‐survey. We found that the undergraduate STEM teacher recruitment program was associated with developing preservice teachers’ understanding of standards‐based instruction but was not associated with the other two dimensions of teacher readiness. We also found that the post‐baccalaureate TEPs were effective in developing preservice teachers’ understanding of ML instruction, whereas the experimental baccalaureate program was not. Further, we found that teacher readiness did not predict participants’ performance assessment (edTPA) scores. Findings suggest that teacher educators and curriculum developers involved in undergraduate STEM teacher recruitment programs should better address language, literacy, and ML instruction. Both teacher recruitment and TEPs should consider ways to strengthen teacher efficacy. Finally, teacher educators should carefully consider how their coursework and field experiences help preservice teachers prepare for the edTPA.