bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The worldwide prevalence of burnout syndrome among bank employees: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Tehrani Sharareh Azedi , Keshtkar Abbasali , Ramasamy Akilesh , Fadaei Majid 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Burnout is a syndrome caused by chronic stress in the workplace that has not been successfully managed. Although prevalence of burnout is well documented in different fields, little is known about this syndrome in the context of banking work. The objective of this review will be to assess worldwide pooled prevalence of burnout syndrome among bank employees.

Methods
This is a study protocol for a systematic review. We will search the following electronic databases (from their inception onwards): PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ERIC, EBSCOhost, Emerald Insight, and Google Scholar. Grey literature will be identified through searching SCOPUS, Google Scholar, ProQuest databases, and websites of related organizations. We will consider studies that include any type of employee in the banking industry and report extractable prevalence estimates of burnout. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using an appropriate tool. If feasible, we will conduct random effect meta-analysis of prevalence data. Additional analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g., setting, sex, burnout assessment method, country, and work hours).

Discussion
This systematic review will assess the worldwide prevalence of burnout syndrome among bank employees. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. As it presents an analysis of published literature, the study does not require ethical approval.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020213565
Paper 3: Selecting rapid review methods for complex questions related to health policy and system issues
Authors: Wilson Michael G. , Oliver Sandy , Melendez-Torres G. J. , Lavis John N. , Waddell Kerry , Dickson Kelly 
Published: October 2021

AbstractApproaches for rapid reviews that focus on streamlining systematic review methods are not always suitable for exploring complex policy questions, as developing and testing theories to explain these complexities requires configuring diverse qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies. Our objective was therefore to provide a guide to selecting approaches for rapidly (i.e., within days to months) addressing complex questions related to health policy and system issues.We provide a two-stage, transdisciplinary collaborative process to select a rapid review approach to address complex policy questions, which consists of scoping the breadth and depth of the literature and then selecting an optimal approach to synthesis. The first stage (scoping the literature) begins with a discussion with the stakeholders requesting evidence to identify and refine the question for the review, which is then used to conduct preliminary searches and conceptually map the documents identified. In the second stage (selection of an optimal approach), further stakeholder consultation is required to refine and tailor the question and approach to identifying relevant documents to include. The approach to synthesizing the included documents is then guided by the final question, the breadth and depth of the literature, and the time available and can include a static or evolving conceptual framework to code and analyze a range of evidence. For areas already covered extensively by existing systematic reviews, the focus can be on summarizing and integrating the review findings, resynthesizing the primary studies, or updating the search and reanalyzing one or more of the systematic reviews.The choice of approaches for conducting rapid reviews is intertwined with decisions about how to manage projects, the amount of work to be done, and the knowledge already available, and our guide offers support to help make these strategic decisions.
On new generalized quantum integrals and related Hermite–Hadamard inequalities
Authors: Kara Hasan , Budak Hüseyin , Alp Necmettin , Kalsoom Humaira , Sarikaya Mehmet Zeki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we introduce a new concept of quantum integrals which is called ${}^{\kappa _{2}}T_{q}$

T
q

κ
2

-integral. Then we prove several properties of this concept of quantum integrals. Moreover, we present several Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for ${}^{\kappa _{2}}T_{q}$

T
q

κ
2

-integral by utilizing differentiable convex functions. The results presented in this article are unification and generalization of the comparable results in the literature.
Characteristic estimation of differential polynomials
Authors: Chen Min-Feng , Huang Zhi-Bo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we give the characteristic estimation of a meromorphic function f with the differential polynomials $f^{l}(f^{(k)})^{n}$

f
l

(

f

(
k
)

)

n

and obtain that $$\begin{aligned} T(r,f)\leq M\overline{N} \biggl(r,\frac{1}{f^{l}(f^{(k)})^{n}-a} \biggr)+S(r,f) \end{aligned}$$
T
(
r
,
f
)
≤
M

N
‾

(
r
,

1

f
l

(

f

(
k
)

)

n

−
a

)

+
S
(
r
,
f
)
holds for $M=\min \{\frac{1}{l-2},6\}$
M
=
min
{

1

l
−
2

,
6
}
, integers $l(\geq 2)$
l
(
≥
2
)
, $n(\geq 1)$
n
(
≥
1
)
, $k(\geq 1)$
k
(
≥
1
)
, and a non-zero constant a. This quantitative estimate is an interesting and complete extension of earlier results. The value distribution of a differential monomial of meromorphic functions is also investigated.
Wave propagation in a diffusive SEIR epidemic model with nonlocal transmission and a general nonlinear incidence rate
Authors: Wu Xin , Ma Zhaohai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe introduce a diffusive SEIR model with nonlocal delayed transmission between the infected subpopulation and the susceptible subpopulation with a general nonlinear incidence. We show that our results on existence and nonexistence of traveling wave solutions are determined by the basic reproduction number $R_{0}=\partial _{I}F(S_{0},0)/\gamma $

R
0

=

∂
I

F
(

S
0

,
0
)
/
γ
of the corresponding ordinary differential equations and the minimal wave speed $c^{*}$

c
∗

. The main difficulties lie in the fact that the semiflow generated here does not admit the order-preserving property. In the present paper, we overcome these difficulties to obtain the threshold dynamics. In view of the numerical simulations, we also obtain that the minimal wave speed is explicitly determined by the time delay and nonlocality in disease transmission and by the spatial movement pattern of the exposed and infected individuals.
Hyers–Ulam stability of impulsive Volterra delay integro-differential equations
Authors: Refaai D. A. , El-Sheikh M. M. A. , Ismail Gamal A. F. , Abdalla Bahaaeldin , Abdeljawad Thabet 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses different types of Ulam stability of first-order nonlinear Volterra delay integro-differential equations with impulses. Such types of equations allow the presence of two kinds of memory effects represented by the delay and the kernel of the used fractional integral operator. Our analysis is based on Pachpatte’s inequality and the fixed point approach represented by the Picard operators. Applications are provided to illustrate the stability results obtained in the case of a finite interval.
On λ-linear functionals arising from p-adic integrals on $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$
Authors: Kim Dae San , Kim Taekyun , Kwon Jongkyum , Lee Si-Hyeon , Park Seongho 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to determine the λ-linear functionals sending any given polynomial $p(x)$
p
(
x
)
with coefficients in $\mathbb{C}_{p}$

C
p

to the p-adic invariant integral of $P(x)$
P
(
x
)
on $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$

Z
p

and also to that of $P(x_{1}+\cdots +x_{r})$
P
(

x
1

+
⋯
+

x
r

)
on $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{r}$

Z
p
r

. We show that the former is given by the generating function of degenerate Bernoulli polynomials and the latter by that of degenerate Bernoulli polynomials of order r. For this purpose, we use the λ-umbral algebra which has been recently introduced by Kim and Kim (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 493(1):124521 2021).
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysis of risk factors related to the re-fracture of adjacent vertebral body after PKP
Authors: Fang Shen-Yun , Dai Ji-Lin , Min Ji-Kang , Zhang Wei-Li 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aims to investigate the risk factors of vertebral re-fracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture (OVCF), and to provide reference for clinical prevention.

Material and methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 228 OVCF patients admitted on November 6, 2013, solstice, December 14, 2018, which met the inclusion criteria. There were 35 males and 193 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:20, and an age of 61–89 years. All patients were treated with PKP surgery with complete clinical data, and the rate of re-fracture was calculated according to whether re-fracture occurred after surgery, divided into the re-fracture group (24 cases) and the non-refracture group (204 cases). May be associated with subsequent fracture factors (gender, age, number of surgical segment vertebral body, whether with degenerative scoliosis, whether to fight osteoporosis) into a single-factor research, then the single-factor analysis was statistically significant risk factors for multiple logistic regression analysis, further defined after PKP holds the vertebral body fracture independent risk factors. Survival analysis was performed using the time of vertebral re-fracture after PKP as the end time of follow-up, the occurrence of re-fracture after PKP as the endpoint event, and the presence or absence of degenerative lateral curvature as a variable factor.

Results
All 228 vertebroplasty patients were followed up for a period of 1.8 to 63.6 months. The mean follow-up time was (28.8 ± 15.6) months, and the re-fracture rate was 10.5%. There were statistically significant differences between the re-fracture group and the non-refracture group in age, number of operative vertebral bodies, whether there was a combination of degenerative scoliosis and whether there was anti-osteoporosis treatment (P < 0.05). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis after excluding the mutual influence of various factors showed that the number of vertebral bodies and the group with lateral curvature might be the risk factors for PKP re-fracture after surgery. The above possible risk factors were included in multiple logistic regression analysis to show whether there were independent risk factors for scoliosis and vertebral re-fracture. Survival analysis showed that the mean survival time was 42.1 months, the P value was 0.00, and the mean 95% confidence interval was (34.4–49.7 months), indicating that the combination of degenerative lateral bending might be related to the occurrence of re-fracture.

Conclusions
Combined scoliosis is an independent risk factor for re-fracture after OVCF laminoplasty and a possible risk factor for re-fracture after surgery.
Successive waves of COVID 19: confinement effects on virus-prevalence with a mathematical model
Authors: Abdalla S. , Bakhshwin Duaa , Shirbeeny W. , Bakhshwin Ahmed , Bahabri F. , Bakhshwin Abdulaziz , Alsaggaf Samar M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
A pandemic outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID 19) incidence data are largely available online. Until August 17, COVID 19 has hit more than 22 million individuals all over the globe. So, it is urged to get clear information about the prevalence of the virus. Therefore, one can manipulate easily a suitable mathematical model to fit these published data.

Methods
We propose a mathematical model that considers the total population, in 25 countries, either infected by COVID 19 or confined (safe) during the period from November 17, 2019, to August 17, 2020. The model considers the total population as a complex number; the imaginary part is the number of infected individuals and the real part is the number of confined individuals. This classification combined with mathematical treatments leads to a transmission dynamics of the virus to be as wave-like motion. The virus can hit any country either by one wave or by successive waves (up to 11 waves).

Findings
We find net discrimination between the 25 countries investigated in this report. The immediate response to the first attack is a substantial parameter to determine whether the epidemic attack will be in one wave or it can be in successive waves. For example, the best case was such as individuals in China hit by one wave while the individuals in the USA were attacked by nine waves; it is the worst case all over the globe. In addition, the model differentiates between the daily reproduction numbers (Rd0) and the median reproduction number (R0). We have found that Rd0 decreases exponentially with time from high values down to zero at the wave maximum point; and R0 varies from a country to another. For example, the virus hit individuals in Germany in R0 = 1.39 (96% CI 1.01–3.87) and in the USA R0 = 3.81 (91% CI 1.71–5.15). We have found that twice the virus has hit both the USA and Iran. The great protestation of black matter lives in the USA and the great assemblage of the new Iranian year, on March 21, 2020, have been the cause of the second epidemic attack in both countries.

Interpretation
Our results show that COVID 19 transmission depends on the prompt reaction against the first viral-wave. The reaction depends on both the social behaviour of individuals and on the swift system-decision by the governmental decision-maker(s). The Chinese strictly follow the decision-maker and therefore the virus hit by only one wave; while in the USA, the system-decision was different and the American-responses were different, therefore ten waves followed the first wave.
Scaling social franchises: lessons learned from Farm Shop
Authors: McKague Kevin , Jiwa Farouk , Harji Karim , Ezezika Obidimma 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The challenge of enhancing food security and livelihoods for smallholder farmers has been a significant concern in the agricultural development field. To increase farm productivity and enable smallholder farmers to rise out of poverty, several organizations have initiated social franchising business models to create sustainable social enterprises. Social franchising has recently gathered increased interest in lower-income countries for its potential to address social and ecological issues, support local entrepreneurs, and reach financial sustainability to allow for scaling through market forces. Social franchising combines the principles of business franchising (standardized systems and other supports that reduce risk for the entrepreneur) with a social mission. To gain deeper insights into the opportunities and challenges for scaling social franchises, we gathered quantitative and qualitative longitudinal data on Farm Shop, a social franchise with a network of 74 agricultural input shops seeking to reduce food security through improving productivity, incomes and food security of smallholder Kenyan farmers.

Results
We derived five critical lessons from our findings. First, social franchising can create jobs and profitability for farmers and strengthens the rural entrepreneurial ecosystem. Second, economics of scale is critical for profitability and sustainability of the social franchisor. Third, building trust with farmers is crucial for a successful social franchising model. Fourth, social franchisors should be aware of the variety of options to ensure the sustainability of the social franchising program. Fifth, to develop a scalable business model, cost-effectively gathering the right data to validate key assumptions is essential.

Conclusions
Farm Shop is one of a cohort of pioneering social franchises that have applied the principles of franchising to address particular social needs. In this case, the needs were food security, livelihoods, and prosperity for smallholder farmers. Farm Shop uncovered important lessons relevant for all social franchises at similar stages in the business model development process. With these lessons in mind, Farm Shop and other social franchises can be better equipped to live up to social franchising’s promise of achieving social objectives in a more resource-efficient and sustainable way.
Exploring the experience of being viewed as “not sick enough”: a qualitative study of women recovered from anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa
Authors: Eiring Kari , Wiig Hage Trine , Reas Deborah Lynn 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite common misconceptions, an individual may be seriously ill with a restrictive eating disorder without an outwardly recognizable physical sign of the illness. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the perspectives of individuals who have previously battled a restrictive eating disorder who were considered “not sick enough” by others (e.g., peers, families, healthcare professionals) at some point during their illness, and to understand the perceived impact on the illness and recovery. Such misconceptions are potentially damaging, and have been previously linked with delayed help-seeking and poorer clinical outcomes.

Methods
Seven women who had recovered from anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa participated in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed and interpretive phenomenological analysis was used.

Results
Three main themes emerged: (1) dealing with the focus upon one’s physical appearance while battling a mental illness, (2) “project perfect”: feeling pressure to prove oneself, and (3) the importance of being seen and understood. Participants reported that their symptoms were occasionally met with trivialization or disbelief, leading to shame, confusion, despair, and for some, deterioration in eating disorder symptoms which drove further weight loss. In contrast, social support and being understood were viewed as essential for recovery.

Conclusion
To facilitate treatment seeking and engagement, and to optimize chances of recovery, greater awareness of diverse, non-stereotypical presentations of restrictive eating disorders is needed which challenge the myth that weight is the sole indicator of the presence or severity of illness.
Affective lability as a prospective predictor of subsequent bipolar disorder diagnosis: a systematic review
Authors: Taylor Rosie H. , Ulrichsen Andrea , Young Allan H. , Strawbridge Rebecca 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The early pathogenesis and precursors of Bipolar Disorder (BD) are poorly understood. There is some cross-sectional and retrospective evidence of affective lability as a predictor of BD, but this is subject to recall biases. The present review synthesises the prospective evidence examining affective lability and the subsequent development of BD at follow-up.

Methods
The authors performed a systematic search of PubMed, PsycInfo and Embase (1960–June 2020) and conducted hand searches to identify studies assessing affective lability (according to a conceptually-inclusive definition) at baseline assessment in individuals without a BD diagnosis, and a longitudinal follow-up assessment of bipolar (spectrum) disorders. Results are reported according to the PRISMA guidelines, and the synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) reporting guidelines were used to strengthen the narrative synthesis. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess risk of bias (ROB).

Results
11 articles describing 10 studies were included. Being identified as having affective lability at baseline was associated with an increased rate of bipolar diagnoses at follow-up; this association was statistically significant in six of eight studies assessing BD type I/II at follow-up and in all four studies assessing for bipolar spectrum disorder (BSD) criteria. Most studies received a ‘fair’ or ‘poor’ ROB grade.

Conclusions
Despite a paucity of studies, an overall association between prospectively-identified affective lability and a later diagnosis of BD or BSD is apparent with relative consistency between studies. This association and further longitudinal studies could inform future clinical screening of those who may be at risk of BD, with the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and facilitate early intervention.
Mechanistic movement models identify continuously updated autumn migration cues in Arctic caribou
Authors: Cameron Matthew D. , Eisaguirre Joseph M. , Breed Greg A. , Joly Kyle , Kielland Knut 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMigrations in temperate systems typically have two migratory phases, spring and autumn, and many migratory ungulates track the pulse of spring vegetation growth during a synchronized spring migration. In contrast, autumn migrations are generally less synchronous and the cues driving them remain understudied. Our goal was to identify the cues that migrants use in deciding when to initiate migration and how this is updated whileen route.MethodsWe analyzed autumn migrations of Arctic barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus) as a series of persistent and directional movements and assessed the influence of a suite of environmental factors. We fitted a dynamic-parameter movement model at the individual-level and estimated annual population-level parameters for weather covariates on 389 individual-seasons across 9 years.ResultsOur results revealed strong, consistent effects of decreasing temperature and increasing snow depth on migratory movements, indicating that caribou continuously update their migratory decision based on dynamic environmental conditions. This suggests that individuals pace migration along gradients of these environmental variables. Whereas temperature and snow appeared to be the most consistent cues for migration, we also found interannual variability in the effect of wind, NDVI, and barometric pressure. The dispersed distribution of individuals in autumn resulted in diverse environmental conditions experienced by individual caribou and thus pronounced variability in migratory patterns.ConclusionsBy analyzing autumn migration as a continuous process across the entire migration period, we found that caribou migration was largely related to temperature and snow conditions experienced throughout the journey. This mechanism of pacing autumn migration based on indicators of the approaching winter is analogous to the more widely researched mechanism of spring migration, when many migrants pace migration with a resource wave. Such a similarity in mechanisms highlights the different environmental stimuli to which migrants have adapted their movements throughout their annual cycle. These insights have implications for how long-distance migratory patterns may change as the Arctic climate continues to warm.