bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Method for Quantitative Analysis of Covid -19 using CT Chest Images
Authors: Kumar Indrajeet , Rawat Jyoti 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The manual diagnostic tests performed in laboratories for pandemic disease such as COVID19 is time-consuming, requires skills and expertise of the performer to yield accurate results. Moreover, it is very cost ineffective as the cost of test kits is high and also requires well-equipped labs to conduct them. Thus, other means of diagnosing the patients with presence of SARS-COV2 (the virus responsible for COVID19) must be explored. A radiography method like chest CT images is one such means that can be utilized for diagnosis of COVID19. The radio-graphical changes observed in CT images of COVID19 patient helps in developing a deep learning-based method for extraction of graphical features which are then used for automated diagnosis of the disease ahead of laboratory-based testing. The proposed work suggests an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based technique for rapid diagnosis of COVID19 from given volumetric CT images of patient’s chest by extracting its visual features and then using these features in the deep learning module. The proposed convolutional neural network is deployed for classifying the infectious and non-infectious SARS-COV2 subjects. The proposed network utilizes 746 chests scanned CT images of which 349 images belong to COVID19 positive cases while remaining 397 belong negative cases of COVID19. The extensive experiment has been completed with the accuracy of 98.4 %, sensitivity of 98.5 %, the specificity of 98.3 %, the precision of 97.1 %, F1score of 97.8 %. The obtained result shows the outstanding performance for classification of infectious and non-infectious for COVID19 cases.
Pinpointing Synechococcus Rubisco Large Subunit Sections Involved in Heterologous Holoenzyme Formation in Escherichia Coli
Authors: Ong Wei Chi , Yap Moh Lan , Wong Hann Ling , Lim Boon Hoe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Heterologous holoenzyme formation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) have been a challenge due to limited understanding of its biogenesis. Unlike bacterial Rubiscos, eukaryotic Rubiscos are incompatible with the Escherichia coli chaperone system to fold and assemble into the functional hexadecameric conformation (L8S8), which comprise eight large subunits (RbcL) and eight small subunits (RbcS). Our previous study reported three sections (residues 248-297, 348-397 and 398-447) within the RbcL of Synechococcus elongatus PCC6301 may be important for formation of L8S8 in E. coli. Present study further examined these three sections separately, by dividing them into six sections of 25 residues (i.e. residues 248-272, 273-297, 348-372, 373-397, 398-422 and 423-447). Methods and Results: Six chimeric Rubiscos with each section within the RbcL from Synechococcus replaced by their respective counterpart sequence from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were constructed and checked for their effect on holoenzyme formation in E. coli. Present study shows that Section 1 (residues 248-272; section of Synechococcus RbcL replaced by corresponding Chlamydomonas sequence), Section 2 (residues 273-297), Section 3 (residues 348-372) and Section 6 (residues 423-447) chimeras failed to fold and/or assemble despite successful expression of both RbcL and RbcS. Only Section 4 (residues 373-397) and 5 (residues 398-422) chimeras could form L8S8 in E. coli. Conclusion: As GroEL chaperonin mediates folding of bacterial RbcL in E. coli, residues 248-297, 348-372 and 423-447 of Synechococcus RbcL may be important for interacting with the GroEL chaperonin for successful holoenzyme formation in E. coli.
Can Environmental Regulation Promote Domestic Market Integration? Evidence From China
Authors: Lai Aolin , Yang Zhihui , Cui Lianbiao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
While local protectionism and market segmentation owing to fiscal decentralization are not conducive to broad economic development, they may be rational choices on a local scale. Based on a spatial Durbin model, we analyzed the relationship between environmental regulations and market segmentation in China using interprovincial panel data for 2004–2018. The results indicated that the “beggar-thy-neighbor” phenomenon persists in China; environmental regulations have a U-shaped impact on market segmentation, i.e., in most regions, environmental regulations strongly promote local market integration. Regions with greater decentralization are better able to promote local market integration through environmental regulation, suggesting that local governments are better able to compensate for market failures when vested with greater power. Hence, we propose that the central government should improve performance evaluation indicators for local governments and grant them greater autonomy; additionally, local governments should increase the intensity of environmental regulations as appropriate, thereby promoting both environmental protection and the unification of domestic markets.
Debulking Operation, Radiation Therapy, and Sphincter-Sparing Local Wide Excision for The Lower Rectal Melanoma: A Case Report
Authors: Chiu Hao-Tse , Liu Tung , Wen Chia-Cheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Rectal melanoma is a rare disease that accounts for about 1% of rectal cancers. Abdominoperineal resection was the standard surgical intervention for local control. However, it can lead to complications and reduce the quality of life due to colostomy. Debulking surgery, radiotherapy (RT), and sphincter-sparing wide local excision (WLE) were performed on a patient with rectal melanoma.Case presentationA case of a 79-year-old woman with anal pain and bloody stool for 1 month was reported in this study. The digital examination of the rectum revealed a big polypoid mass over the lower rectum. Stage II rectal melanoma was diagnosed by colonoscopy, biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. The patient initially received debulking surgery to relieve the symptoms of active bleeding followed by radiotherapy for the residual tumor with partial response. Finally, a sphincter-sparing WLE was performed for the residual tumor to preserve the anal function. The postoperative course went smoothly. No local recurrence and anal symptoms were observed during the 2-years follow-up period.Conclusions: Combining debulking surgery, RT, and WLE may be a viable alternative for rectal melanoma that cannot be completely resected at the beginning and accompanied by bleeding symptoms.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Caused by Tislelizumab and Axitinib
Authors: Sun Yang , Guo Yanjun , Wu Yaqing , Luo Ningning , He Xinjia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Immunotherapy combinations have changed the treatment paradigm of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Notably, immunotherapy induces a new spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare and potentially fatal nervous system irAE. The activation of T-cell is considered a triggering factor of GBS. We herein reported a case of GBS-like syndrome during treatment of tislelizumab and axitinib in a patient with RCC. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tislelizumab-related GBS.
Self-Reported Accounts of Assisted Reproductive Technology Treatments: The Voice of Ghanaian Women
Authors: Asante-Afari Kwadwo , Darteh Eugene KM , Doku David Teye 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: In Ghana, the infertility prevalence rate continues to be high. To avert this phenomenon, individuals with fertility challenges access assisted reproductive technology (ART). This paper explores the experiences of women who have undergone ART treatments. Methods: Using a qualitative research design, the paper explores the self-reported account of 35 women who have gone through assisted reproductive technology procedures and awaiting to be tested for pregnancy. A semi-structured interview guide was utilised to explore women’s experiences. The thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data.Results: Findings from the study indicated that some women sought ART treatment to save their marriages from collapse while others indicated that pressure and demands from in-laws and families, as well as shame, forced them to utilise ART. Women who went through ART treatment services complained of the high cost of the treatment. As a result, some borrowed money from friends, family members, banks and in some instances sold their assets to pay for their treatments. Self-reported health implications such as anxiety, depression and changes in menstrual flows were reported by some women who went through the procedure. Other experiences such as sleeplessness, weight loss, joint pains, whole body pains, breast tenderness and bleeding were also reported. Women who went through the procedure also reported disruption in sexual life and daily routines activities.Conclusion: Undergoing ART treatment for infertility comes with experiences such as hospitalisation, disruption of work and daily activities, high cost, health and other implications. There is the need for patients to go through thorough counselling especially about the entire procedure and perceived implications associated with assisted reproductive technology treatments.
Investigating the Plant Growth Promoting and Biocontrol Potentiality of Endophytic Streptomyces sp. SP5 Against Early Blight in Tomato Seedling
Authors: Devi Sapna , Sharma Manish , Manhas Rajesh kumari 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Early blight (EB), caused by Alternaria solani, is one of the alarming diseases that restrict tomato production globally. Existing cultural practices and fungicide applications are not enough to control the early blight diseases. Therefore, the study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterize an endophytic Streptomyces strain exhibiting the potential to control early blight in tomato and also promote plant growth. Results: From a Citrus jambhiri leaf, an endophytic Streptomyces sp. SP5 isolated with antagonistic activity against Alternaria solani, Colletotrichum acutatum, Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria brassicicola, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium moniliforme. It was identified as a Streptomyces sp. designated as SP5 through 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. It also produced 40μg/ml indole acetic acid which was further confirmed by TLC and HPLC analyses. Treatment of pathogen infected plants with Streptomyces sp. SP5 antagonist (culture cells/culture supernatant/solvent extract/ acetone precipitates) decreased the early blight disease incidence and significantly increased the various agronomic traits Conclusion: The present study concluded that Streptomyces sp. SP5 possessed antifungal activity against different fungal pathogens and had significant potential to control early blight disease in tomatoes and also promote plant growth by producing IAA.
Which Sagittal Assessment System Can Effectively Predict the Risk of Mechanical Complications in the Treatment of Elderly Patients With Adult Degenerative Scoliosis? Roussouly Classification or Global Alignment and Proportion (GAP) Score
Authors: Sun Xiangyao , Sun Wenzhi , Sun Siyuan , Hu Hailiang , Zhang Sitao , Kong Chao , Lu Shibao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: In order to achieve the proper sagittal alignment, previous studies have developed different assessment systems for degenerative spinal deformity which could help us in making treatment strategies. The purpose of our study is to evaluate whether Roussouly classification or GAP score is more appropriate in the prediction of mechanical complications in the treatment of ADS.Methods: The ADS patients who received long segmental fusion in the treatment during the period from December 2016 to December 2018 were evaluated in this study. The basic information of the patients and all radiologic measurements, which were included in GAP score and Roussouly classification, were collected for analysis. Patients were divided into two groups according to occurrence or absence of mechanical complications for comparison. The correlation between evaluation systems and mechanical complications could be analyzed in logistic regression model via stepwise backward elimination based on the Wald statistics. ROC curve was used to determine the predictability of the evaluation systems in the occurrence of mechanical complications and calculate their cut-off value. A two-tailed P value < 0.05 was statistically significant for all statistical tests.Results: A total of 80 cases were included in this study. The results of logistic regression showed: GAP score (P = 0.008) and GAP categories (P = 0.007) were positively correlated with Mechanical complications; Roussouly score was negatively correlated with mechanical complications (P=0.034); GAP score was positively correlated with PJK (P = 0.021); Roussouly score was negatively correlated with implant-related complications (P = 0.018); GAP categories were correlated with implant loosening (P = 0.023). Results of ROC showed that GAP score was mostly effective in predicting PJK (AUC = 0.863) and PJF (AUC = 0.724); GAP categories (AUC = 0.561) was more effective than GAP score (AUC = 0.555) in predicting implant-related complications.Conclusions: Roussouly-type matching could not accurately predict the risk of mechanical complications. In contrast, GAP score was mostly effective in predicting PJK and PJF. The GAP score was better than Roussouly classification in predicting mechanical complications.
Development of Novel 2-Acetylphenol-O-Alkylhydroxyethylamine Derivatives as Multifunctional Agents for Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment
Authors: zhu Gaofeng , li xinfeng , Yang Jing , he ying , mi jing , tang lei , sang zhipei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Due to the complex pathogenesis of AD, the multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) strategy presented the best pharmacological option for AD treatment. Herein, a series of novel 2-acetylphenol-O-alkylhydroxyethylamine derivatives was rationally designed and synthesized. Of these derivatives, 5c was a good multifunctional agent (eeAChE IC50 =7.9 μM, MAO-B IC50 = 9.9 μM, BACE1 IC50 = 8.3 μM) in vitro and displayed a mixed-type AChE inhibition, which could bind to the CAS and PAS of AChE. Compound 5c also exhibited good antioxidant activity (ORAC = 2.5 eq) and neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, compound 5c was a selective metal ions chelator. And it could cross blood-brain barrier in vitro and complied with drug-like properties rule of 5. Therefore, compound 5c was a promising multifunctional agent for the treatment of AD.
Sintilimab, Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Granulocyte-macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor as Second-line Therapy for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Safety Run-in Results of a Multicenter, Single-arm, Phase II Trial
Authors: Ni Jianjiao , Zhou Yue , Wu Lin , Ai Xinghao , Dong Xiaorong , Chu Qian , Han Chengbo , Wang Xiaofei , Zhu Zhengfei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The SWORD trial is the first multicenter, single arm, phase II study assessing the safety and efficacy of a PD-1 inhibitor (Sintilimab), stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without sensitizing driver mutations. A safety run-in phase was conducted to determine the tolerability of the experimental treatment. Materials and Methods: Twenty metastatic NSCLC patients who failed first-line chemotherapy were enrolled, and they received SBRT (8Gy x 3) to one lesion, followed by Sintilimab (200 mg d1, every 3 weeks, until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or up to 35 cycles) and GM-CSF (125 μg/m2 d1-d14, cycle 1) within 2 weeks after SBRT. In addition, blood and tissue samples were serially collected for translational research. Results: Median age of the patients was 61 and all of them had more than 5 lesions at baseline. The sites of SBRT included lung (n=11), mediastinal lymph node (n=5), liver (n=1), abdominal lymph node (n=1), pleural nodule (n=1) and vertebra (n=1). No patients had dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and 18 patients experienced treatment-related adverse event (TRAE). The most common TRAEs were fatigue (50%), fever (30%), and ostealgia (20%), and they all were grade 1. Only 2 grade 3 TRAEs were observed, including elevation of liver enzymes in one and transient acute heart failure in another. No grade 4 or 5 AE was observed. Conclusion: Sintilimab, SBRT and GM-CSF for advanced NSCLC is safe with manageable TRAEs and the trial continues to recruit participants. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04106180. Registered 26 September 2019, SBRT in Combination With Sintilimab and GM-CSF for the Treatment of Advanced NSCLC - Tabular View - ClinicalTrials.gov
An Investigation Towards Understanding the Role of CDH1 Gene in Different Types of Breast Cancers
Authors: Sengupta Antara , Banerjee Raja 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
At recent age breast cancer attracts the attention of both the medical and the scientific community for its deadly occurrence throughout the globe as it is considered to be happened due to genetic aberration. Out of several genes expressed, it is found that cadherin 1, type 1 (CDH1) is responsible in several ways to control the metabolic order in human. Very recently it has been shown that deregulation of the function of protein E-cadherin, expressed from CDH1 plays an important role in lobular breast cancer. In order to understand the root cause of this recent claim, we focus on CDH1 gene whether the genetic information translated due to any deviation/alteration/modification in its sequence is related for the occurrence of the several other types of this deadly disease. Towards this end, study of the available genomic sequences of CDH1 gene obtained from the Sanger Database for 79 patients, suffering from various types of breast cancer, clearly emphasizes that alternation/modification in the sequence of the CDH1 gene can be detrimental. This would affect the regular function of the cell which may have a potential role in damaging the different types of breast tissues, causing malfunction and leading to breast cancers.
Research a New Tradeoff Method Between Privacy and Utility in Differential privacy
Authors: sun panjun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The solution of the contradiction between privacy protection and data utility is a research hotspot in the field of privacy protection. Aiming at the problem of tradeoff between privacy and utility in the scenario of differential privacy offline data release, the optimal differential privacy mechanism is studied by using the rate distortion theory. Firstly, based on Shannon communication theory, the noise channel model of differential privacy is abstracted, and the mutual information and the distortion function is used to measure the privacy and utility of data publishing, and the optimization model based on rate distortion theory is constructed. Secondly, considering the influence of associated auxiliary background knowledge on mutual information privacy leakage, a mutual information privacy measure based on joint events is proposed, and a minimum privacy leakage model is proposed by modifying the rate distortion function. Finally, aiming at the difficulty in solving the Lagrange multiplier method, an approximate algorithm for solving the mutual information privacy optimization channel mechanism is proposed based on the alternating iterative method. The effectiveness of the proposed iterative approximation method is verified by experimental simulation. At the same time, the experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the mutual information privacy leakage under the condition of limited distortion, and improves the data utility under the same privacy tolerance
Double Flap Technique is an Effective Reconstruction Procedure After Proximal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Saze Zenichiro , Kase Koji , Nakano Hiroshi , Yamauchi Naoto , Kaneta Akinao , Watanabe Yohei , Hanayama Hiroyuki , Hayase Suguru , Momma Tomoyuki , Kono Koji 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

In accordance with an increase of proximal gastric cancer, proximal gastrectomy came to be widely performed. Several types of reconstructive procedures after proximal gastrectomy have been developed and it is still controversial which procedure has the advantages in preservation of postoperative gastric stump function and nutritional status after proximal gastrectomy. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed reconstructive procedures in our consecutive case series for proximal gastrectomy, with particular focus on postoperative body weight maintenance, nutritional status, and gastric remnant functional preservation.
Methods

We enrolled 69 patients who received proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in our institute from 2005 to 2020. Short-term complications, preservation of gastric remnant functions, nutritional status, and post-operative weight changes were compared.
Results

After proximal gastrectomy, the numbers of cases receiving Direct Esophago-Gastrostomy, Jejunal Interposition, Double Tract Reconstruction, and Double Flap Technique were 9, 10, 14, and 36, respectively. Double Flap Technique cases suffered no reflux esophagitis after surgery. Prevalence of gastric residual at 12-month after surgery of Double Flap Technique was the lowest. Double Flap Technique group has better tendency in post-operative changes of serum albumin ratios. Furthermore, post-operative body weight changes ratio of Double Flap Technique was the smallest and significantly better than Double Tract at all the time points.
Conclusions

Double Flap Technique after proximal gastrectomy was considered as the most effective reconstruction which can maintain body weight, cause less reflux esophagitis and gastric residual.
SARS-CoV-2 infection
studies in lung organoids
identify TSPAN8 as novel mediator
Authors: Roose Jeroen , Hysenaj Lisiena , Little Samantha , Kulhanek Kayla , Gbenedio Oghenekevwe , Rodriguez Lauren , Shen Alan , Lone Jean-Chrostophe , Lupin-Jimenez Leonard , Bonser Luke , Bahl Kriti , Mick Eran , Serwas Nina , Vivianne Dong , Li Jack , Maishan Mazharul , Matsumoto Shotaro , Fragiadakis Gabriela , Matthay Michael , Jablons David , Ott Melanie , Langelier Charles , Sil Anita , Krummel Matthew , Combes Alexis , Erle David , Kratz Johannes , Roose Jeroen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing a global pandemic with large variation in COVID-19 disease spectrum. SARS-CoV-2 infection requires host receptor ACE2 on lung epithelium, but epithelial underpinnings of variation are largely unknown. We capitalized on comprehensive organoid assays to report remarkable variation in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates of lung organoids from different subjects. Tropism is highest for TUBA- and MUC5AC-positive organoid cells, but levels of TUBA-, MUC5A-, or ACE2- positive cells do not predict infection rate. We identify surface molecule Tetraspanin 8 (TSPAN8) as novel mediator of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which is not downregulated by this specific virus. TSPAN8 levels, prior to infection, strongly correlate with infection rate and TSPAN8-blocking antibodies diminish SARS-CoV-2 infection. We propose TSPAN8 as novel functional biomarker and potential therapeutic target for COVID-19.