bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Nature of Propagating Intensity Disturbances in Polar Plumes during the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Authors: Cho Kyung-Suk , Cho Il-Hyun , Madjarska Maria S. , Nakariakov Valery M. , Yang Heesu , Choi Seonghwan , Lim Eun-Kyung , Lee Kyung-Sun , Seough Jung-Jun , Lee Jaeok , Kim Yeon-Han 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The propagating intensity disturbances (PIDs) in plumes are still poorly understood, and their identity (magnetoacoustic waves or flows) remains an open question. We investigate PIDs in five plumes located in the northern polar coronal hole observed during the 2017 total solar eclipse. Three plumes are associated with coronal bright points, jets, and macrospicules at their base (active plumes), and the other two plumes are not (quiet plumes). The electron temperature at the base of the plumes is obtained from the filter ratio of images taken with the X-ray Telescope on board Hinode and the passband ratio around 400 nm from an eclipse instrument, the Diagnostic Coronagraph Experiment. The phase speed (v

r
), frequency (ω), and wavenumber (k) of the PIDs in the plumes are obtained by applying a Fourier transformation to the spacetime (r − t plane) plots in images taken with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) in three different wavelength channels (171, 193, and 211 Å). We found that the PIDs in the higher-temperature AIA channels, 193 and 211 Å, are faster than that of the cooler AIA 171 Å channel. This tendency is more significant for the active plumes than the quiet ones. The observed speed ratio (∼1.3) between the AIA 171 and 193 Å channels is similar to the theoretical value (1.25) of a slow magnetoacoustic wave. Our results support the idea that PIDs in plumes represent a superposition of slow magnetoacoustic waves and plasma outflows that consist of dense cool flows and hot coronal jets.
Study of the Prevalence of Echocardiographic Abnormalities and their Relation to Disease Progression in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Garg Praveen , Mathur Piyush , Kansal Nitin , Sharma Praveen , Shrivastava Milind 
Published: March 2021

Context:
Study of the prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities and there relation to disease progression in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Aims:
Study correlation of echocardiographic changes and CKD progression.

Settings and Design:
A prospective, cross-sectional, observational, analytical study, where we performed complete echocardiographic evaluation of patients with CKD stage II–V. We compared various echocardiographic parameters to predict the progression of CKD.

Subjects and Methods:
Ninety CKD patients stage II–V presenting to our hospital from November 2016 to December 2017 were included in the study. A complete echocardiographic evaluation was done. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), systolic and diastolic dysfunction using Doppler indices at mitral inflow, left atrial volume, speckle tracking, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were studied.

Results:
Patients were age and sex matched in all the groups with a male preponderance. Forty-one patients (45.56%) were diabetic and 74 (82.22%) were hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension increased from 66.67% to 89.29% as CKD stage progressed from stage II to stage V. There were significant echocardiographic abnormalities seen in CKD patients. The severity increased with worsening of the stages of CKD. LVH and early diastolic mitral inflow to annular velocity ratio progression was statistically significant when stage V was compared to stage II. Left atrial volume, mitral early diastolic to late diastolic velocity ratio, maximum tricuspid regurgitation (TRmax) velocity, and diastolic dysfunction prevalence were significantly raised in stage IV and stage V compared to stage II. Only GLS showed statistical significance between stage II to stage III, stage IV and stage V and thus predicting progression of CKD.

Conclusions:
LVH, dilated left atrium, abnormal GLS, TRmax, diastolic dysfunction, and related tissue Doppler imaging parameters correlate with worsening renal function. GLS was the only parameter showing significant difference between stage II and stage III. This can be used as a novel modality for detection of subclinical cardiac dysfunction in CKD.
Voices from the Field: Combating COVID-19 Pandemic in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Shyam , Thapa Kulesh B. , Bhandari Robin Jung , Sharma Ismita , Koirala Rishav , Binita Pandey, Bindu Sharma, Elawati KC Shristi Kolakshyapati, , Paudel Samjhana , Rai Bidhya 
Published: March 2021

Given the ongoing COVID-19 (C-19) crisis in Nepal, this section includes some vignettes related to combatting the crisis in Nepal, and includes diverse experiences. When the editor-in-chief of this journal invited me to assist, I thought it would be useful to present the experiences of the actual professionals engaged in combating the pandemic in the field. This effort resulted in the collection of brief articles in the form of commentaries in this section.

Voices from the Field: Combating COVID-19 Pandemic in Nepal: Section Editor; Shyam Thapa
Mobilizing Ambulance Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Kathmandu Valley: Kulesh B. Thapa
A Medical Officer Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic in Far-western Nepal: Robin Jung Bhandari
Upon being Discharged from the Hospital, I felt as if I was Released from a Prison: The Experience of a Coronavirus-infected Nurse: Ismita Sharma
From the Desk of a Psychiatrist: Emerging Mental Health Issues during COVID-19 Pandemic in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: Rishav Koirala
Higher Workload Experienced by Women During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period: Shristi Kolakshyapati, Binita Pandey, Bindu Sharma, Elawati KC
COVID-19 Kaleidoscope on the FM Radio: Samjhana Paudel
Rising Levels of Suicide during the Pandemic: Bidhya Rai
Ameliorative effect of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla (African oil bean seed) on high fat diet and sucrose drink induced metabolic syndrome in male New Zealand rabbits.
Authors: Onyenibe Nwozo , Victoria Daramola , Udogadi Nwawuba 
Published: March 2021

The consumption of nutraceuticals has become progressively popular in improving health, as well as disease treatment and prevention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ameliorative effect of fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla (African oil bean) seed on high fat diet and sucrose drink induced metabolic syndrome in male New Zealand rabbits. All experimental procedures were carried using standard methods. A total of twenty (20) rabbits were used for this study, the animals were randomly grouped into five (5) groups with four (4) animals each. Metabolic syndrome risk factors obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia were determined. HFD+30%SUC had over 1500g body weight (bwt) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) 239.50±5.74 mg/dl relative to the normal control with 1000±6.73g and 77.00±5.94 respectively whereas ND+30%SUC had lower FBS (l172.50±2.52) compared to HFD+30%SUC. There was a significant p<0.05 increase in body weights in treated groups with 1274±11.19g, 1282.75±4.99g, 1285±4.76g and FBS levels in mg/dL198.25±4.79, 198.75±8.06, 200±3.74 in rabbits compared to untreated HFD+30%SUC. Glycated hemoglobin, and ?-Amylase were significantly p<0.05 elevated, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels were significantly p<0.05 reduced, lipid profile markers (HDL, TRIG & CHOL), electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium), urea and creatinine levels were significantly p<0.05 altered in HFD+30%SUC exposed group relative to the normal control and ND+30%SUC. However, dietary supplementation with fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds caused weight, FBS, serum lipid reduction and potentiated electrolyte, urea and creatinine levels. Therefore, according to our results, fermented Pentaclethra macrophylla seed is an excellent nutraceutical and its consumption should be encouraged in modifying high fat and elevated intake of sucrose in rabbit
A Vision to Face Covid-19 pandemic and Future Risks Through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Albzeirat Malek , Zulkepli Nik , Qaralleh Haitham 
Published: March 2021

Coved-19 pandemic is spreading fear among the world in several aspects such as health, economic, international relations, political stability, and social stability. It emerged suddenly and attacked the world in a short period without warning. Details about the virus such as the source, symptoms, transmission, diagnosis and treatment are still incomplete. Subsequently, more than one million people have died and huge economic losses. In order to avoid this issue in future, this paper aims to focus on artificial intelligence in predicting and tracking viral pandemic Disease and to control similar future risks using artificial intelligence, algorithms and cognitive fission theory.
Evaluation of Bioconcentration of Organophosphate Pesticides Monocrotophos and Quinalphos in Freshwater Fish Channa striatus
Authors: Chandy Jacob , Jacob Ann , Cherian Somi 
Published: March 2021

Fish bioconcentration factors (BCF) are used for the prediction of the environmental effects of new chemicals and some studies have suggested that they can be predicted from the Physico-chemical properties of the chemical. The rigorous use of pesticides resulted in the dispersal and persistence of pollutants throughout the ecosystem. Pesticides contamination in the aquatic ecosystem has become one of the most staggering issues due to their detrimental effect on public health and the environment. This study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration factor of pesticides monocrotophos and quinalphos in three tissues (skin, muscles, gills) of the fish Channa striatus for 21 days, of the three analyzed tissues of monocrotophos exposed fish, gill accumulated highest concentration of (0.033 mg kg-1) while muscles (0.012 mg kg-1) at the lowest, whereas the concentration of quinalphos was maximum (0.98mg kg-1) in liver and minimum (0.074 mg kg-1) in muscle. Results showed that the effect of pesticide differs from tissue to tissue. However, the levels exceeded maximum detection limits as recommended by U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, Colo. Hence it is suggested that the fish containing pesticide residues beyond permissible limit should be avoided for food purposes
Effect of Rosemary Extract and Vitamin E on Lipid Peroxidation and the Quality During Chilling and Frozen Storage of Fried Nile Tilapia Fillets (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Fouad Ibrahim , Madi Mohamed , Lamlom Sabah , Attitalla Idress 
Published: March 2021

Antioxidants are added to fresh and processed meat to prevent lipid oxidation, retard development of off-flavors, and improve color stability. Synthetic antioxidants have been confirmed for their toxicological and carcinogenic effects. Thus, the food industry now chooses natural products over synthetic ones. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Rosemary extract (R.E.) and vitamin E on the quality of fried fillets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during chilling and frozen storage. Fillets of Nile tilapia were treated with (R.E.) 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and Vitamin E 0.1% then stored for 5,10 and 15 days at 4±1°C and for three months at -18±2°C. Then chemical tests including Peroxide value (PV), Thio-barbituric acid (TBA), Tri-methylamine-nitrogen (TMA-N) and Total volatile base-nitrogen (TVB-N) were done to evaluate the preservative effect of (R.E.) and vitamin E during storage. The TBA and PV increased in all treatments due to lipid peroxidation. Results showed that TMA-N,TVB-N, value of (R.E.) and vitamin E treated samples were significantly lower than those of the control samples (P<0.05). Results of our investigation revealed that R.E. retarded oxidative changes in chilling and frozen fried fillets of Nile tilapia whereas R.E. 0.1%, 0.2% and vitamin E 0.1% were not as effective as R.E. 0.3% on oxidative stability. Best oxidation inhabitation results on chilling and frozen fried fillets of Nile tilapia was obtained when employing of R.E. The obtained results also showed that there was a significant (p<0.05) enhancement in sensory quality attributes of fried fillets of Nile tilapia; samples treated with R.E. and vitamin E. Conclusion, The tested R.E. had a high effectiveness as antioxidative and antimicrobial should be utilized for extending the shelf-life through retarded the spoilage and enhancing quality attributes of fried fillets of Nile tilapia during chilling and frozen storage.
The COTUR project: Remote sensing of offshore turbulence for
wind energy application
Authors: Cheynet Etienne , Flügge Martin , Reuder Joachim , Jakobsen Jasna B. , Heggelund Yngve , Svardal Benny , Saavedra Garfias Pablo , Obhrai Charlotte , Daniotti Nicolò , Berge Jarle , Duscha Christiane , Wildmann Norman , Husøy Onarheim Ingrid , Godvik Marte 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The paper presents the measurement strategy and dataset collected during the COTUR (COherence of TURbulence with lidars) campaign. This field experiment took place from February 2019 to April 2020 on the southwestern coast of Norway. The coherence quantifies the spatial correlation of eddies and is little known in the marine atmospheric boundary layer. The study was motivated by the need to better characterize the lateral coherence, which partly governs the dynamic wind load on multi-megawatt offshore wind turbines. During the COTUR campaign, the coherence was studied using land-based remote sensing technology. The instrument setup consisted of three long-range scanning Doppler wind lidars, one Doppler wind lidar profiler and one passive microwave radiometer. Both the WindScanner software and Lidar Planner software were used jointly to simultaneously orient the three scanner heads into the mean wind direction, which was provided by the lidar wind profiler. The radiometer instrument complemented these measurements by providing temperature and humidity profiles in the atmospheric boundary layer.	The preliminary results show an undocumented variation of the lateral coherence with the distance from the coast. The scanning beams were pointed slightly upwards to record turbulence characteristics both within and above the surface layer, providing further insight on the applicability of surface-layer scaling to model the turbulent wind load on offshore wind turbines.
Wanita dalam Sistem Kewarisan Perspektif Sosiologi Hukum Islam
Authors: Tahali Ahmad 
Published: March 2021

Abstrak
Hukum waris merupakan salah satu bagian hukum kekeluargaan, karena ruang lingkup pembahasannya menyangkut tentang proses pelaksanaan pengalihan harta benda orang yang sudah meninggal kepada anggota keluarga yang masih hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang pembagian kewarisan kepada wanita dilihat dari sudut pandang sosiologi hukum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Pengumpulan data ini dilakukan yakni dengan membaca buku-buku serta bahan bacaan lainnya yang relevan dengan masalah yang dibahas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah menganalisis semua isi yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Hukum kewarisan Islam tidak membedakan hak mewaris anak perempuan dan laki-laki. Anak laki-laki mendapat dua bagian dari anak perempuan (2:1), hal ini didasarkan karena tanggung jawab anak laki-laki lebih besar dibanding tanggung jawab anak perempuan. Sementara analisis sosiologi hukum Islam terhadap kedudukan wanita dalam kewarisan. Memang terjadi problematika di kalangan masyarakat. Ada yang menggunakan pembagian dalam kaca mata agama, ada juga yang menggunakan sistem kekeluargaan (kebiasaan). Dengan demikian maka perbedaan tersebut adalah seimbang dan adil.
Kata Kunci : Sistem Kewarisan Wanita, Sosiologi Hukum Islam
Queer Families, Queer Futuresin Dombey and Son
Authors: McLaughlin Joe 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
What did Dickens know about queer theory before it was written? While the debate between the antisocial thesis and queer utopianism continues to yield productive fruit in the realm of critical theory, this article argues for a formal analysis of queerness in Dickens, reading Dombey and Son as a novel about various kinds of queer families in a time of distress and dysfunction. Following Caroline Levine's notion of social forms, this article examines the formal collisions between various kinds of queer families, which both articulate and open up new ways to define “the queer” and what place or function queerness can have within the larger construction of the social. Through primary engagement with Lee Edelman and José Esteban Muñoz, it finds that Dickens saw deeply into the possibilities for queer studies, articulating not one, but many affordances that queerness could provide. By reintegrating Dickens into queer theory, this article also reexamine Dickens's reputation as the novelist of family values, arguing at once that Dickens's domestic ideal works to underscore the irony of its unattainability, while also pushing him towards queer constructions more capable of maintaining such an ideal.
Eco-criticism(s) and Victorian Fiction: A Review Essay
Authors: Tait Adrian 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThis article offers an overview of the now burgeoning field of Victorian ecocriticism. Ecocriticism (or environmental criticism) emerged as a distinct field of study in the 1990s, focused on reevaluating Romantic and nonfictional representations of nature as part of a green tradition of deep ecological thinking. As ecocriticism diversified, it took a more sociocentric (or social ecological) turn, and in so doing, it also took a more active interest in the Victorian period. As a new generation of ecocritics have emphasized, the Victorian period marked an epochal shift in the nature of lived existence, as a rural society was transformed into an industrialized, urbanized, and recognizably modern society, with recognizably modern environmental problems. In reacting to those problems, Victorian writers anticipated many of our own concerns, as recent ecocritical reconsiderations of Dickens's work underline. As the variety of those responses to Dickens's oeuvre also suggest, ecocriticism today encompasses a range of sometimes markedly different theoretical approaches and concerns. Those approaches are nevertheless united by a shared sense that a Victorian ecocriticism constitutes a distinct and worthwhile field of study, with the very real potential to illuminate the origins of the environmental crises bequeathed by the world's first industrial nation.
Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Morrill Cody
Authors: Caterini Dino J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the life and works of Morrill Cody (1901–1987), a journalist who lived in Paris throughout the 1920s and intimately knew Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and other literary and artistic figures associated with the expatriate modernist movement. Cody should be better known than he is, and this article attempts to elevate his reputation among scholars and Fitzgerald researchers who might not be familiar with his life and works. His 1984 book, The Women of Montparnasse: The Americans in Paris (with Hugh Ford), is a personal but seminal work that concentrates on the women who played leading and important roles in 1920s Paris. Cody later became a cultural diplomat who organized a celebrated exhibit in Paris in 1959 on “The Writers of Paris” that a number of figures from the 1920s attended. Cody’s papers were donated to Amherst College and contain letters from Hemingway to Cody as well as other celebrated figures from the 1920s, such as Sylvia Beach, Djuna Barnes, Kay Boyle, and others.
Self-Styled Madness
Authors: Camastra Nicole J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Although no evidence suggests that F. Scott Fitzgerald read Edgar Allan Poe’s little-known tale “The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether” (1845), his posthumously published story “Nightmare (Fantasy in Black)” offers riveting textual opportunities to read it as a development of Poe’s concern for the lunatic, uncontrolled forces within and without the individual that threaten selfhood. Released in 2017 as part of a “lost stories” collection, “Nightmare” has received little critical attention. It provided some material for Tender Is the Night, but reading it as part of an ominous conversation with Poe positions it as an example of Fitzgerald’s darker vision of American ambition: how it cannibalizes the self. This article explores what J. Gerald Kennedy calls the “imaginative genealogy” between both writers, first by contextualizing the composition of their respective stories against the backdrop of personal adversity, professional instability, and an American ethos, and then, by comparing key scenes and characters in the texts themselves. “Nightmare” and “Tarr and Fether” play with the proverbial understanding of reason and madness finally to suggest that, as Fitzgerald’s subtitle implies, there is a “Fantasy” on the other side of the “Nightmare.”
Painting the Pictures
Authors: Reisinger Richard 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article addresses the concept of exclusion from one’s ideal social realm, as seen in the characters of Jay Gatsby and Pat Hobby. Both characters find themselves obsessed with inclusion in groups in which they are not welcome. Gatsby, belonging to the world of new money, is enamored with joining the world of old wealth. Pat Hobby is a has-been; he once thrived in the world of silent film, but failed to transition to the “talkies.” Both men exist at the edge of a society that considers them outsiders. When presented with the failure to assimilate and be accepted, each engages in creating a façade that he feels can infiltrate his desired sphere. Gatsby hides behind the mystery of his wealth and the sumptuous parties he hosts. Similarly, Hobby can be considered a chameleon; he adapts his personality and purported skills to match any situation with which he is presented. As with Gatsby, however, his façade is compromised both by inner and outer conflicts, ultimately dramatizing Fitzgerald’s belief that our identities are not ours to invent. This article also aims to bring more critical attention to the Hobby stories; often ignored, these tales, when read with sympathy for the much-disparaged protagonist, show Fitzgerald’s creative and structural genius. In placing these stories in dialogue with Fitzgerald’s magnum opus, the comparisons elevate these later efforts by showing that they share with The Great Gatsby an exploration of selfhood and performativity.
Sampling redesign of soil penetration resistance in spatial t-Student models
Authors: Canton Letícia E. D. , Guedes Luciana P. C. , Uribe-Opazo Miguel A. , Assumpção Rosangela A. B. , Maltauro Tamara C. 
Published: March 2021

Aim of study: To reduce the sample size in an agricultural area of 167.35 hectares, cultivated with soybean, to analyze the spatial dependence of soil penetration resistance (SPR) with outliers.Area of study: Cascavel, BrazilMaterial and methods: The reduction of sample size was made by the univariate effective sample size ( ) methodology, assuming that the t-Student model represents the probability distribution of SPR.Main results: The radius and the intensity of spatial dependence have an inverse relationship with the estimated value of the . For the depths of SPR with spatial dependence, the highest estimated value of the reduced the sample size by 40%. From the new sample size, the sampling redesign was performed. The accuracy indexes showed differences between the thematic maps with the original and reduced sampling designs. However, the lowest values of the standard error in the parameters of the spatial dependence structure evidenced that the new sampling design was appropriate. Besides, models of semivariance function were efficiently estimated, which allowed identifying the existence of spatial dependence in all depth of SPR.Research highlights: The sample size was reduced by 40%, allowing for lesser financial investments with data collection and laboratory analysis of soil samples in the next mappings in the agricultural area. The spatial t-Student model was able to reduce the influence of outliers in the spatial dependence structure.