bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective framework to tackle urban unemployment by e-government: an IoT solution for smart/metro cities in developing nation
Authors: Alam Mahfooz , Siddiqui Mohd Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
With the advancement in technology, the day-to-day life of people has gone through an immense transformation. The use of smart devices for day-to-day life is greater than before, and people are moving towards smart work rather than doing hard work. In this paper, a novel framework is proposed named Online Service Provider in Metro City (OSPMC) for IoT. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical framework for the E-Government in order to sustain or minimize the unemployment rate.

Design/methodology/approach
The utilization of the Web in the upcoming years would create further opportunities for smart work. Internet of Things (IoT) plays an essential part in a system of multiple networks that aims to connect all things in the world that are capable of being connected through the internet. OSPMC framework can be developed on ASP.NET through (visual C#) 3.0 and Microsoft SQL Server with frontend and backend languages, respectively, under a web-based environment built on .Net platform. This lucrative facility is available mainly for the people living in the smart city.

Findings
Rural people are coming to smart cities in search of jobs, better education and a healthy lifestyle. India is also coping up with the modern world. The Government of India has taken an initiative for the making of 100 smart cities where the residents are relied upon to use Information and Communication Technology with the assistance of web.

Social implications
OSPMC promises to eliminate multiple evils like social injustice, crime, unemployment, tax fraud and would promote women empowerment. Also, provide opportunities to start-ups in order to grow and enhance their skill work.

Originality/value
The objective of OSPMC can be found useful for opening new job opportunities for urban/rural people while also encouraging people to learn skill work. For smart cities’ success in developing nations, it is important to recognize the elements influencing it. The motivation behind OSPMC is to identify those variables influencing the successful usage of allowing IoT in the smart cities by E-Government of India and to use IoT to help urban smart cities.
Effects of LEGO robotic on freshmen students' computational thinking and programming learning attitudes in Taiwan
Authors: Weng Cathy , Matere Isaac Manyonge , Hsia Chih-Hsien , Wang Mei-Yen , Weng Apollo 
Published: October 2021

PurposeAdvancements in technology require that everyone is skilled with computational thinking (CT), problem-solving and computer programming skills. This study aims to examine the development of CT in problem-solving skills (PSS) and programming learning attitude by integrating LEGO robotics kits in a project-based learning course.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines the development of CT in PSS and programming learning attitude by integrating LEGO robotics kits in a project-based learning course. This study consists of a single group pre-post-test research design with 32 freshmen university students. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by pre-post-tests and recording of classroom discussions, respectively.FindingsTherefore, this finding implies that robotics can be used to develop CT in university students; however, there is a need for designing curricula with advanced robotic kits as artificial intelligence (AI) has become more prevalent. Hence, programming knowledge learned will help students to understand the application of robots in AI.Originality/valueThe study creates educators' awareness that CT skills might be developed in freshmen university students through robotics. However, many still consider them toys rather than learning aids.
What leaders tell and employees hear – an intention-perception model of storytelling in leadership
Authors: Stark Johannes , Reif Julia A.M. , Schiebler Tom 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Storytelling is considered an effective leadership behavior. However, research on storytelling’s effects on followers is scarce and disconnected from leadership theory. This paper aims to explore the perspectives of both leaders and followers with a focus on interaction-based moderators and affective mediators of storytelling effects, building on transformational leadership and leader-member exchange theory.

Design/methodology/approach
Data from semi-structured interviews (N = 27 independent leaders and followers) were analyzed with a combined content-analytic and grounded theory approach.

Findings
Leaders’ intended effects of storytelling (transformation, relationship and information) evoked either positive or negative affective reactions in followers depending on how well the story met followers’ needs (need-supply fit), the adequacy of the input load transported by the story (story load) and how followers interpreted their leaders’ story (story appraisal). Followers’ positive or negative affective reactions translated into positive effects (corresponding to leaders’ intended effects) or negative effects (contradicting leaders’ intended effects), respectively. Results were integrated into an intention-perception model of storytelling.

Originality/value
Proposing an intention-perception model of storytelling, this paper explains when and why unintended effects of storytelling happen, and thus provides an alternative view to the one-fits-all approach on leaders’ storytelling advocated by popular management literature.
Conceptualizing international positioning strategies for Indian higher education institutions
Authors: Rana Sudhir , Verma Shubhangi , Haque Moon Moon , Ahmed Gouher 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
The manuscript reflects on the future of higher education from an emerging country perspective. The authors specifically answer how new education policies, ranking and accreditation are impacting the current state of Indian higher education institutions (IHEIs) and how IHEIs can cultivate their path towards positioning themselves internationally. This study aims to bring together existing scenarios and to serve as a springboard for future research and applications.

Design/methodology/approach
The manuscript is designed and executed as a conceptual study exploring the current state and prospects for IHEIs. The study synthesizes the concepts of positioning strategies in context to IHEIs. A conceptual diagram integrating existing concepts from marketing, total quality management and business education is created to understand the phenomenon among the IHEIs stakeholders.

Findings
The authors found that IHEIs started showing their international presence yet they are facing various challenges (government bureaucracy; international salary standards; global student population; and cultural sensitivity). The authors also found that the positioning problem is not a one-time attempt; the complexity of higher education is a “wicked problem” and, hence needs to be evaluated, changed and executed continuously. The manuscript offers relevant information to IHEIs leaders and stakeholders to improve on their international positioning strategies and proposes avenues for future research.

Originality/value
The study outlines future development and positioning strategic plans that IHEIs may consider and reflect in their strategic plan. The conceptual diagram on achieving successful international positioning and problem areas is expected to act as a guidebook for the key decision-makers. The focus is on distinguishing the imperatives, creating a key guide for meeting immediate requirements, allotting assets prudently to update their international presence. The study will provide IHEIs with a new lease of life in the future.
Impact of COVID-19 on the use of the academic library
Authors: De Groote Sandra , Scoulas Jung Mi 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study examines differences in library use patterns (in-person visits, online use, reference transactions, library resource and services use) pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic through multiple data sets.Design/methodology/approachUsing library statistics collected during 2017/2018 and 2020/2021 and student responses to a biennial library use survey distributed in 2018 and 2021, the potential impact of the pandemic on users' behaviors was explored.FindingsLibrary use statistics and the biennial survey responses demonstrate that users' overall library use was impacted by COVID-19. Both the library's gate count and students' frequency of library visits showed a dramatic decrease. The use of virtual support to patrons increased during COVID-19 as reflected by the increase in email and chat reference interactions and virtual consultations.Practical implicationsAs students return to the physical classroom, observing library use via various data will help inform how well use of the library rebounded or if there are changes in users' behavior that suggest the need for the promotion of library services or an expansion in alternative services to support users.Originality/valueThis article highlights the importance of continuously obtaining various data sets to observe trends and changes. By observing multiple data points, some changes are aligned across data, whereas other changes or patterns are different. While impact on physical library use may be obvious, library use before and during the pandemic will help guide and inform how academic libraries should be prepared for hybrid environments post-pandemic.
Cytokines profile in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: Ribeiro Camilla Rodrigues de Almeida , Beghini Daniela Gois , Lemos Andreza Salvio , Martinelli Katrini Guidolini , de Mello Vinícius da Motta , de Almeida Nathalia Alves Araújo , Lewis‐Ximenez Lia Laura , de Paula Vanessa Salete 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the leading causes of acute and chronic hepatitis and represents a serious public health threat. Cytokines are important chemical mediators that regulate the differentiation, proliferation, and function of immune cells, with accumulating evidence indicating that the inadequate immune responses are responsible for the elimination or persistence of HBV. This study aimed to determine the cytokine profiles (IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10, and IL‐17A) during HBV infection and investigate their association with genotypes. A total of 66 plasma samples, 19 from patients with acute and 47 with chronic hepatitis B infection, were subjected to biochemical tests, nested‐PCR, and real‐time PCR, with cytokines evaluated using a commercial BD Cytometric Bead Array Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokine Kit. Healthy controls (10 individuals) were selected from blood donors with no history of liver diseases. No correlation was found between genotypes, viral load, and cytokines analyzed. All cytokines showed higher levels of production among infected individuals when compared with the control group. A positive correlation classified as moderate to strong was found between cytokines IFN‐γ, TNF, IL‐10, IL‐6, IL‐4, and IL‐2 through the Spearman correlation coefficient. TNF (P = 0.009), IL‐10 (P < 0.001), and IL‐6 (P < 0.001) levels were higher in acute individuals compared with chronic and control groups. Theses cytokines could be involved in the elimination of virus and protection against chronicity.
Foraging networks and social tolerance in a cooperatively breeding primate (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: De la Fuente María Fernanda , Sueur Cédric , Garber Paul A. , Bicca‐Marques Júlio César , Souto Antonio , Schiel Nicola 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Within‐group competition over food resources can be a major cost of social living. In the wild, foragers are confronted with social (e.g. hierarchical rank) and ecological (e.g. food availability and distribution) challenges that affect their foraging decisions and feeding success. Exhibiting prosocial behaviours, such as tolerance at feeding sites, can benefit group members by developing affiliative social relationships, enhancing access to resources and maximizing fitness.

We examined social tolerance at feeding sites in Callithrix jacchus, a cooperatively breeding primate species. We investigated the set of social (rank, age and sex) and ecological (food availability) factors that influence the structure and dynamics of within‐group foraging association networks.

We designed and conducted an experimental field study of four wild groups of common marmosets in which we controlled food distribution (concentrated or scattered) and productivity (high, medium or low food rewards). Then, we used social network analyses to assess the number and strength of foraging associations among group members, their effects on individual food consumption, and whether recent experiences with conspecifics during foraging affected subsequent associations.

Overall, common marmoset foraging association networks were cohesive, as group members jointly occupied feeding sites. The number and strength of associations varied depending on the ecological context. Associations were stronger during conditions in which food was concentrated at a single site. Individuals obtained greater access to food resources when sharing a feeding site with conspecifics, but once a food item was obtained, the forager moved to a nearby tree and consumed it away from others. Additionally, the strength of previous foraging associations and subsequent levels of social tolerance at feeding sites were positively related, a relationship compatible with the ability of memorizing associations over time and recalling the information in future decision‐making.

In sum, marmosets adjusted their partner choices and the strength of foraging associations in response to food availability. They exhibited increased social tolerance at feeding sites during conditions in which opportunities for contest competition were expected to be greatest. These cooperative breeding primates appear to mutually benefit by maintaining cohesive and strong affiliative relationships, and by increasing opportunities for coordinated behaviour and offspring survival.
Advances and prospective applications of 3D food printing for health improvement and personalized nutrition
Authors: Escalante‐Aburto Anayansi , Trujillo‐de Santiago Grissel , Álvarez Mario M. , Chuck‐Hernández Cristina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThree‐dimensional food printing (3DFP) uses additive manufacturing concepts to fabricate customized designed products with food ingredients in powder, liquid, dough, or paste presentations. In some cases, it uses additives, such as hydrocolloids, starch, enzymes, and antibrowning agents. Chocolate, cheese, sugar, and starch‐based materials are among the most used ingredients for 3DFP, and there is a broad and growing interest in meat‐, fruit‐, vegetable‐, insect‐, and seaweed‐based alternative raw materials. Here, we reviewed the most recent published information related to 3DFP for novel uses, including personalized nutrition and health‐oriented applications, such as the use of 3D‐printed food as a drug vehicle, and four‐dimensional food printing (4DFP). We also reviewed the use of this technology in aesthetic food improvement, which is the most popular use of 3DFP recently. Finally, we provided a prospective and perspective view of this technology. We also reflected on its multidisciplinary character and identified aspects in which social and regulatory affairs must be addressed to fulfill the promises of 3DFP in human health improvement.
Review article: Diagnosing acute pancreatitis in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Morton Adam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAcute pancreatitis is a common reason for presentation to EDs. The criteria for diagnosis of acute pancreatitis are defined by the revised Atlanta classification. Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of acute pancreatitis. Uncomplicated diabetes mellitus, complications such as ketoacidosis and newer medications used in the treatment of hyperglycaemia may all be associated with elevated serum lipase and amylase in the absence of acute pancreatitis. Checkpoint inhibitors may also precipitate acute type 1 diabetes mellitus and be associated with elevated lipase and amylase. Finally, individuals with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of hypertriglyceridaemic pancreatitis, which may be associated with falsely normal lipase and amylase because of laboratory interference. Awareness of these factors in individuals with diabetes mellitus presenting to EDs with symptoms suggestive of acute pancreatitis is important for accurate diagnosis.
Simultaneous analysis of 20 free amino acids by a single marker combined with an HPLC fingerprint evaluation of Dendrobium huoshanense
Authors: Hao Jing‐wen , Zhu An‐ling , Chen Nai‐Dong , Liu Xiao‐quan , Li Qiang , Xu Hui‐min , Yang Wei‐Han , Qin Chao‐feng , Wu Jin‐Dong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA phenylhexyl isothiocyanate (PITC) precolumn derivatization quantitative analysis of multicomponents by a single marker (QAMS) strategy for the simultaneous analysis of 20 free amino acids (FAA) in Dendrobium huoshanense is proposed. The method was validated by the linearity, limit of detection (LDO), and limit of quantitation (LOQ), recovery, precision, and stability. The results showed that when applying the established method, the LOQ of the FFAs was lower than 1 ng/ml except threonine (1.32 ng) and cysteine (1.16 ng). The QAMS investigation revealed that, using any one of the 20 FAAs as the reference internal standard, no significant differences were observed between the external standard method and the QAMS method for the quantification of FAAs in D. huoshanense by PITC precolumn derivatization [The relative standard deviation (RSD, %) by QAMS and ESM were all below 5%]. HPLC fingerprint investigation combined with similar analysis (the similarity values for S1–S25 were >0.875) and quality fluctuation analysis showed that the cultivation environment might have a great effect on the accumulation of FAAs in D. huoshanense. Overall, our study showed that we might increase the accuracy and scope of the simultaneous quantification of multicomponents using the QAMS technique by being derivatized with a strong UV absorbing group, and QAMS combined with chromatographic fingerprinting can be considered good quality criteria for the quality control of D. huoshanense and may provide analytical technical support for research on Maillard Reaction during the further processing of D. huoshanense.
Assessing the food safety risk of ochratoxin A in coffee: A toxicology‐based approach to food safety planning
Authors: Heintz Melissa M. , Doepker Candace L. , Wikoff Daniele S. , Hawks Scott E. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUnder the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and preventive controls (PCs) regulations, food manufacturers must consider whether PCs are needed for potential hazards present in food. The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is considered a chemical hazard under FSMA. It is produced by several fungal species and can be present in various agricultural commodities, including coffee. OTA presents a unique scenario in food safety, because it is known to be a potential risk; because heating may destroy it, but not completely; and because the hazard profile suggests it is not acutely toxic at the occurrence levels in coffee, although at high exposure levels, it is potentially nephrotoxic and carcinogenic in animal models. In the absence of US compliance levels, it is important for the risk assessor and risk manager to determine whether PCs are warranted. To address this complex situation in the coffee industry, we combined food safety and toxicology risk assessment principles to examine the available information on OTA hazard and risk in coffee. Exposure and health‐based benchmarks for OTA in coffee, established by reviewing peer‐reviewed literature, food recall databases, and authoritative reviews, resulted in large margins‐of‐exposure for both single and repeated exposure scenarios. Furthermore, no evidence was identified from historical data to suggest OTA is acutely toxic in humans from coffee consumption or other exposure sources. Therefore, findings from this assessment indicate that no PC is warranted for US coffee manufactures, based on the low severity and likelihood of risk according to margin‐of‐exposure estimates and historical data.
Contextualizing Donors’ Interests: The United Nations’ Shaming of the United States’ Trade Partners
Authors: Kahn‐Nisser Sara 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHuman rights advocates, particularly intergovernmental organizations (IGO), consider donors’ interests when conducting human rights shaming. Allies of donors receive preferential treatment from IGOs. Do IGOs automatically treat allies of donors more leniently or do they consider the donors’ interests in the specific area being reviewed? This article argues that donor interest considerations are policy‐area‐specific. I substantiate this argument by analysing the association between shaming and partnership with the US, using a new dataset which measures shaming under the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). I use several analysis methods and data matching. The results indicate that having a trade agreement with the US is associated with receiving more criticism under the ICESCR. Rather than giving automatic preferential treatment to allies and partners of the UN’s main donor, the ICESCR committee adjusts its shaming to the US’s interest vis‐à‐vis its partners in the policy‐areas affected by the treaty.
Pathological high malignant grade is higher risk of recurrence in pN0M0 invasive lung adenocarcinoma, even with small invasive size
Authors: Ito Masaoki , Miyata Yoshihiro , Kushitani Kei , Kagimoto Atsushi , Ueda Daisuke , Tsutani Yasuhiro , Takeshima Yukio , Okada Morihito 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionTumor size is an absolute recurrence risk in lung cancer. Although morphological features also reflect recurrence risk, its significance among lower‐risk cases characterized by small size is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between pathological invasive tumor size and morphological features, and their prognostic impact by considering them simultaneously in lung adenocarcinoma.Patients and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 563 pN0M0 patients with pathological invasive size of ≤40 mm. The patients were classified by pathological invasive size and pathological malignant grading using the proportion of subhistological components. The prognostic impact was evaluated using recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). The impact on prognosis was evaluated using uni‐ and multivariate analyses.ResultsThe proportion of histological grade changed according to invasive tumor size. Patients with high malignant grade (G3) showed worse RFS than those with low and intermediate malignant grade (G1+2) with invasive size ≤20 mm. The 5‐year RFS (G1+2 vs. G3) in 5–10 mm was 96.0% vs. 83.3% (HR = 5.505, 95% CI = 7.156–1850, p < 0.001) and in 10–20 mm was 87.8% vs. 67.1% (HR = 2.829, 95% CI = 4.160–43.14, p < 0.001). G3 patients were significantly bigger in invasive size and included more pleural/lymphatic/vascular invasion and recurrence. Multivariate analysis indicated pathological G3 status was significantly associated with worse RFS (HR = 2.097, 95% CI = 1.320–3.333, p = 0.002).ConclusionsInvasive tumor size and pathological malignant grade overlap in invasive adenocarcinoma. G3 patients are more likely to have pleural/lymphatic/vascular invasion and significantly worse RFS compared to G1/G2 cases, even with a small invasive size of ≤20 mm.