bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perspectives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on marketing mix elements in primary health care: a quantitative study from Lithuania
Authors: Budrevičiūtė Aida , Kalėdienė Ramunė , Paukštaitienė Renata , Bagdonienė Liudmila , Stankūnas Mindaugas , Valius Leonas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground:A competitive advantage in health care institutions can be cultivated by marketing activities and value creation for patients with chronic diseases in primary health care. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major challenge in primary health care, as managing risk factors and managing patient knowledge can help to prevent a number of major of complications. This study reveals the expectations and attitudes of patients with T2DM regarding marketing mix elements in the management of their condition.Aim of the study:To explore the perspectives of patients with T2DM on marketing mix elements in the primary health care institutions of Lithuania.Materials and methods:The design of the national study was based on a survey of patients with T2DM that was conducted after consultation with a family physician in primary health care institutions in Lithuania. The survey was conducted from October 2017 to January 2018, and involved 510 patients with T2DM. Data analysis included factor analysis and linear logistic regression. A hypothetical model was built, defining the relationships between marketing mix elements and both perceived value (emotional, functional, and social) and satisfaction with primary health care services.Results:The marketing mix element of ‘Service’ is statistically significantly dependent on the gender of the respondents, and is expressed more frequently by women (rcr= 0.118,P= 0.007). The occupation of respondents with T2DM (rcr = 0.151,P= 0.009) and affiliation to primary health care institution (rcr = 0.091,P= 0.040) statistically positively affect the marketing mix element of ‘Price’. The marketing mix elements of ‘Promotion’ and ‘People’ do not statistically significantly depend on the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents. Only a weak correlation between the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents and the marketing element of ‘Place’ was found. The ‘Process’ element is statistically significantly more relevant to patients with an average monthly income of €350 (rcr= 0.104,P= 0.019). The element of ‘Physical evidence’ is more statistically significantly related to respondents with an average monthly income of €350 (rcr= 0.092,P= 0.038).Conclusions:Marketing mix analysis provides information about patients’ expectations of primary health care services and identifies areas of improvement for the health services provided by primary health care institutions. The competitiveness of primary health care services is strengthened by enhancing value for patients, by using elements of the health care marketing, and by increasing patient satisfaction.
Tectonic Controls on Block Rotation and Sheeted Sill Emplacement in the Xigaze Ophiolite (Tibet): The Construction Mode of Slow‐Spreading and Ultraslow‐Spreading Oceanic Crusts
Authors: Liu Tong , Dick Henry J. B. , Liu Chuan‐Zhou , Wu Fu‐Yuan , Ji Wen‐Bin , Zhang Chang , Zhang Wei‐Qi , Zhang Zhen‐Yu , Lin Yin‐Zheng , Zhang Zhen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe internal structure of oceanic crusts is not well understood due to the limitation of deep drilling. However, that of ophiolites, i.e., on‐land ancient analogs of oceanic lithosphere, could be precisely mapped and measured. The Xigaze ophiolite in Tibet has been regarded as “peculiar”, due to the sheeted sill complex in its upper crust, and non‐sheeted diabase sills/dikes crosscutting its mantle and lower crust, which are geometrically different from the primarily vertical sheeted dike complex. Based on extensive field observations, here we present petrological and geochemical data for the Xigaze ophiolite to decipher the origin of sheeted sill complex and its implications for the construction of oceanic crusts. Diabases in the Xigaze ophiolite could be subdivided into sheeted sills, Group 1 non‐sheeted dikes, and Group 2 non‐sheeted sills, based on their orientations. These diabases cut other lithologies, and hence belong to the latest‐stage products. Based on petrological, geochemical, and structural data, we highlight the important role of detachment fault in the generation of sheeted and non‐sheeted sills. During the formation of oceanic crust, large block exhumation, multi‐stage rotations, and foundering are argued here as key mechanisms for the generation of Xigaze sheeted and non‐sheeted dikes/sills, all of which are in the evolution of detachment fault systems. These processes are also not uncommon for asymmetrical segments at modern slow‐spreading and ultraslow‐spreading ridges, but are rare at symmetrical segments. Due to the evolution of detachment fault, the internal structures of (ultra)slow‐spreading ridges are more complex than those at fast‐spreading ridges.
Structural Setting, Paleomagnetism, and Magnetic Fabric of Miocene Plutons in a Transpressional Sinistral Shear Zone, Tonalá, Chiapas, Mexico: Evidence of Shortening During Magma Emplacement
Authors: Molina Garza Roberto S. , Geissman John W. , Peña Alonso Tomás , Aranda Gómez Jorge , Wawrzyniec Timothy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe studied the structure, paleomagnetism, and magnetic fabric of Miocene granitoids intruded along the left‐lateral, transpressional, Tonalá shear zone in Chiapas, southern Mexico. Magmatic fabrics delineate patterns of regional folding striking parallel to the shear zone, suggesting syn‐magmatic shortening. Magnetic susceptibility fabrics are well developed, and mean magnetic susceptibility averages 18.6 × 10−3 SI. The magnetic fabric of the plutons is controlled primarily by MD and finer PSD magnetite, which also carries the magnetic remanence. The orientations of macroscopic mineral fabrics and magnetic susceptibility fabrics are consistently parallel in protomylonites, but their coincidence is good to poor in granitoids that preserve magmatic fabrics. Most site mean directions are NW‐NE directed of moderate positive inclination (or antipodal), but on a local scale site, mean directions are very discordant. The overall mean direction, omitting highly discordant sites, is of Decl. = 359.6° and Incl. = +41.9° (k = 14.4, α95 = 8.1°, N = 24 sites); it is nearly concordant with the North America reference direction, and the slight difference may indicate a gentle, north‐side down regional tilt. High directional dispersion is interpreted to reflect relative rotation about local vertical to sub‐vertical axes of plutons, or parts of plutons, along the shear zone, with some rotations interpreted to be caused by progressive deformation within the shear zone. Paleomagnetic and AMS data from the protomylonite rocks are interpreted to have been affected by the distortional strain, which accommodated shape and volume change in the rock. We suggest that the introduction of granitic magma into middle crustal levels critically enhanced the crustal response to shortening within the shear zone, possibly due to melt compressibility.
Development of a Brief Primary Care Intervention for PTSD in Adolescents
Authors: Srivastava Akanksha , Miller Alexandria N. , Coles Mandy S. , Brigham Rebecca , Peterson Erin R. , Kreida Ellen , Mueser Kim T. , Ng Lauren C. 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Our study aimed to adapt an evidence-based, brief intervention for use in an urban safety net adolescent primary care center with an existing integrated behavioral health team who have not previously treated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) explicitly in the clinic. PTSD is routinely undertreated in adolescent primary care due in part to a lack of evidence-based interventions for PTSD that can be feasibly delivered in primary care. Sustainable PTSD interventions in adolescent medicine clinics must overcome patient-, provider-, and system-level barriers. Method: The Brief Relaxation, Education And Trauma Healing (BREATHE) was selected for adaptation based on a literature review of evidence-based target interventions. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit nine adolescent patients, two parents, and eight clinic staff ( N = 19) for individual qualitative interviews focused on feasibility of implementation of a PTSD intervention delivered in an adolescent medicine primary care clinic that serves diverse patients with high trauma exposure. Audio recordings from these interviews were transcribed and analyzed using inductive and directed a priori approaches related to the central research questions. Results: Participants provided feedback on the format and content of the BREATHE intervention to adapt the existing treatment to be feasible and sustainable in a primary care setting. Overall, participants thought the intervention was helpful and feasible and provided specific feedback for adaptation. Conclusion: This study developed the Primary Care Intervention for PTSD (PCIP) as a resource for improving PTSD care for adolescents in a primary care setting. Further studies will evaluate PCIP efficacy on PTSD symptomology. Implications for Impact Statement This study adapted a three-session intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to be used in an adolescent primary care clinic. The Primary Care Intervention for PTSD is a resource that primary care clinics can implement into their practice as a feasible intervention for patients with PTSD.
Genetic and clinical analyses of psychosis spectrum symptoms in a large multiethnic youth cohort reveal significant link with ADHD
Authors: Olde Loohuis Loes M. , Mennigen Eva , Ori Anil P. S. , Perkins Diana , Robinson Elise , Addington Jean , Cadenhead Kristin S. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , Mathalon Daniel H. , McGlashan Thomas H. , Seidman Larry J. , Keshavan Matcheri S. , Stone William S. , Tsuang Ming T. , Walker Elaine F. , Woods Scott W. , Cannon Tyrone D. , Gur Ruben C. , Gur Raquel E. , Bearden Carrie E. , Ophoff Roel A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPsychotic symptoms are not only an important feature of severe neuropsychiatric disorders, but are also common in the general population, especially in youth. The genetic etiology of psychosis symptoms in youth remains poorly understood. To characterize genetic risk for psychosis spectrum symptoms (PS), we leverage a community-based multiethnic sample of children and adolescents aged 8–22 years, the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (n = 7225, 20% PS). Using an elastic net regression model, we aim to classify PS status using polygenic scores (PGS) based on a range of heritable psychiatric and brain-related traits in a multi-PGS model. We also perform univariate PGS associations and evaluate age-specific effects. The multi-PGS analyses do not improve prediction of PS status over univariate models, but reveal that the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) PGS is robustly and uniquely associated with PS (OR 1.12 (1.05, 1.18) P = 0.0003). This association is driven by subjects of European ancestry (OR = 1.23 (1.14, 1.34), P = 4.15 × 10−7) but is not observed in African American subjects (P = 0.65). We find a significant interaction of ADHD PGS with age (P = 0.01), with a stronger association in younger children. The association is independent of phenotypic overlap between ADHD and PS, not indirectly driven by substance use or childhood trauma, and appears to be specific to PS rather than reflecting general psychopathology in youth. In an independent sample, we replicate an increased ADHD PGS in 328 youth at clinical high risk for psychosis, compared to 216 unaffected controls (OR 1.06, CI(1.01, 1.11), P = 0.02). Our findings suggest that PS in youth may reflect a different genetic etiology than psychotic symptoms in adulthood, one more akin to ADHD, and shed light on how genetic risk can be investigated across early disease trajectories.
The influence of two different cements on remaining cement excess in cement-retained implant-supported zirconia crowns. An in vitro study
Authors: Hidalgo Jazmin , Baghernejad Desirée , Falk Anders , Larsson Christel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aim
To compare the amount of remaining cement excess after cementation of implant-supported zirconia crowns with zinc phosphate or calcium aluminate glass ionomer cement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty zirconia crowns were cemented on dental implant abutments using a calcium aluminate glass ionomer cement (n = 10) and zinc phosphate cement (n = 10). After removal of cement excess, remaining cement excess were measured with pixel area calculation method and by weighing. Differences in amount of remaining cement excess were analyzed using Independent Samples t-Test. Level of significance was set at p = 0.05.

Results
Zinc phosphate cement had a significantly greater amount of remaining cement excess than calcium aluminate glass ionomer cement in terms of total number of pixels (p = 0.002) and amount in grams (p = 0.005).

Conclusion
The study suggests that the amount of remaining cement excess can be affected by the type of cement. Calcium aluminate glass ionomer cement may be a more suitable choice for cement-retained dental implant restorations, and possibly reduce the risk of complications related to cement excess such as peri-implant disease. Further studies are needed to verify the results from the present study.
Dental patient reported outcome and oral health-related quality of life measures: protocol for a systematic evidence map of reviews
Authors: Beecher Darragh , James Patrice , Browne John , Di Blasi Zelda , Harding Máiréad , Whelton Helen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aims
This research synthesis protocol addresses the question: what is the evidence concerning measurement properties of dental patient reported outcome measures (dPROMs), and regarding the real-world value of dPROMs, and where are the gaps in this evidence? Evidence mapping will systematically examine reviews of quantitative dPROMs used to assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life of dental patients and research participants. Evidence gaps where future research or systematic reviews are required will be identified.

Materials and methods
This protocol accords with the PRISMA-P guideline. Open Science Framework Registration https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RZD3N. Biomedical and grey literature databases will be searched, adapting the same search strategy. Published or unpublished reviews evaluating any dPROM will be considered for inclusion. There will be no restriction by date, setting, or language. AMSTAR2 and ROBIS will evaluate risk of bias. Psychometric criteria will be adapted from COSMIN. Data will be summarised separately for specific populations and conditions.

Discussion
The findings will enable clinicians and researchers to identify methodologically robust dPROMs, appropriate for use with relevant populations and conditions. Implications for real-world practice and research will be discussed.
Extracellular vesicles-released parathyroid hormone-related protein from Lewis lung carcinoma induces lipolysis and adipose tissue browning in cancer cachexia
Authors: Hu Wenjun , Xiong Hairong , Ru Zeyuan , Zhao Yan , Zhou Yali , Xie Kairu , Xiao Wen , Xiong Zhiyong , Wang Cheng , Yuan Changfei , Shi Jian , Du Quansheng , Zhang Xiaoping , Yang Hongmei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCancer cachexia is a metabolic disorder characterized by skeletal muscle wasting and white adipose tissue browning. Specific functions of several hormones, growth factors, and cytokines derived from tumors can trigger cachexia. Moreover, adipose tissue lipolysis might explain weight loss that occurs owing to cachexia. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in intercellular communication. However, whether EVs participate in lipolysis induced by cancer cachexia has not been thoroughly investigated. Using Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell culture, we tested whether LLC cell-derived EVs can induce lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. EVs derived from LLC cells were isolated and characterized biochemically and biophysically. Western blotting and glycerol assay were used to study lipolysis. LLC cell-derived EVs induced lipolysis in vivo and vitro. EVs fused directly with target 3T3-L1 adipocytes and transferred parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), activating the PKA signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Blocking PTHrP activity in LLC-EVs using a neutralizing antibody and by knocking down PTHR expression prevented lipolysis in adipocytes. Inhibiting the PKA signaling pathway also prevents the lipolytic effects of EVs. In vivo, suppression of LLC-EVs release by knocking down Rab27A alleviated white adipose tissue browning and lipolysis. Our data showed that LLC cell-derived EVs induced adipocyte lipolysis via the extracellular PTHrP-mediated PKA pathway. Our data demonstrate that LLC-EVs induce lipolysis in vitro and vivo by delivering PTHrP, which interacts with PTHR. The lipolytic effect of LLC-EVs was abrogated by PTHR knockdown and treatment with a neutralizing anti-PTHrP antibody. Together, these data show that LLC-EV-induced lipolysis is mediated by extracellular PTHrP. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of lipid droplet loss and identify a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer cachexia.
Cellular stress signaling activates type-I IFN response through FOXO3-regulated lamin posttranslational modification
Authors: Hwang Inah , Uchida Hiroki , Dai Ziwei , Li Fei , Sanchez Teresa , Locasale Jason W. , Cantley Lewis C. , Zheng Hongwu , Paik Jihye 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNeural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) persist over the lifespan while encountering constant challenges from age or injury related brain environmental changes like elevated oxidative stress. But how oxidative stress regulates NSPC and its neurogenic differentiation is less clear. Here we report that acutely elevated cellular oxidative stress in NSPCs modulates neurogenic differentiation through induction of Forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3)-mediated cGAS/STING and type I interferon (IFN-I) responses. We show that oxidative stress activates FOXO3 and its transcriptional target glycine-N-methyltransferase (GNMT) whose upregulation triggers depletion of s-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a key co-substrate involved in methyl group transfer reactions. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that reduced intracellular SAM availability disrupts carboxymethylation and maturation of nuclear lamin, which induce cytosolic release of chromatin fragments and subsequent activation of the cGAS/STING-IFN-I cascade to suppress neurogenic differentiation. Together, our findings suggest the FOXO3-GNMT/SAM-lamin-cGAS/STING-IFN-I signaling cascade as a critical stress response program that regulates long-term regenerative potential.
NUPR1 is a critical repressor of ferroptosis
Authors: Liu Jiao , Song Xinxin , Kuang Feimei , Zhang Qiuhong , Xie Yangchun , Kang Rui , Kroemer Guido , Tang Daolin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFerroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death, representing an emerging disease-modulatory mechanism. Transcription factors play multiple roles in ferroptosis, although the key regulator for ferroptosis in iron metabolism remains elusive. Using NanoString technology, we identify NUPR1, a stress-inducible transcription factor, as a driver of ferroptosis resistance. Mechanistically, NUPR1-mediated LCN2 expression blocks ferroptotic cell death through diminishing iron accumulation and subsequent oxidative damage. Consequently, LCN2 depletion mimics NUPR1 deficiency with respect to ferroptosis induction, whereas transfection-enforced re-expression of LCN2 restores resistance to ferroptosis in NUPR1-deficient cells. Pharmacological or genetic blockade of the NUPR1-LCN2 pathway (using NUPR1 shRNA, LCN2 shRNA, pancreas-specific Lcn2 conditional knockout mice, or the small molecule ZZW-115) increases the activity of the ferroptosis inducer erastin and worsens pancreatitis, in suitable mouse models. These findings suggest a link between NUPR1-regulated iron metabolism and ferroptosis susceptibility.
Cryptic terrestrial fungus-like fossils of the early Ediacaran Period
Authors: Gan Tian , Luo Taiyi , Pang Ke , Zhou Chuanming , Zhou Guanghong , Wan Bin , Li Gang , Yi Qiru , Czaja Andrew D. , Xiao Shuhai 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe colonization of land by fungi had a significant impact on the terrestrial ecosystem and biogeochemical cycles on Earth surface systems. Although fungi may have diverged ~1500–900 million years ago (Ma) or even as early as 2400 Ma, it is uncertain when fungi first colonized the land. Here we report pyritized fungus-like microfossils preserved in the basal Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation (~635 Ma) in South China. These micro-organisms colonized and were preserved in cryptic karstic cavities formed via meteoric water dissolution related to deglacial isostatic rebound after the terminal Cryogenian snowball Earth event. They are interpreted as eukaryotes and probable fungi, thus providing direct fossil evidence for the colonization of land by fungi and offering a key constraint on fungal terrestrialization.
Impact of seed color and storage time on the radish seed germination and sprout growth in plasma agriculture
Authors: Attri Pankaj , Ishikawa Kenji , Okumura Takamasa , Koga Kazunori , Shiratani Masaharu , Mildaziene Vida 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe use of low-temperature plasma for the pre-sowing seed treatment is still in the early stage of research; thus, numerous factors affecting germination percentage, seedling growth, and yield remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate how two critical factors, such as harvest year and seed coat color, affect the percentage of germination and seedling growth after plasma treatment. Radish seeds stored for 2 and 1 year after harvesting (harvested in 2017 and 2018) were sorted into two colors (brown and grey) to investigate the plasma effect on harvest year and seed coat color. We analyzed the amounts of seed phytohormones and antioxidant (γ-tocopherol) were analyzed using mass spectrometry, and physical changes were studied using SEM, EDX, and EPR to understand the mechanism of plasma-induced changes in radish seeds. The obtained results revealed that plasma treatment on seeds affects the germination kinetics, and the maximal germination percentage depends on seed color and the time of seed storage after harvest. Through this study, for the first time, we demonstrated that physical and chemical changes in radish seeds after plasma treatment depends upon the seed color and harvest year. Positive effects of plasma treatment on growth are stronger for sprouts from seeds harvested in 2017 than in 2018. The plasma treatment effect on the sprouts germinated from grey seeds effect was stronger than sprouts from brown radish seeds. The amounts of gibberellin A3 and abscisic acid in control seeds strongly depended on the seed color, and plasma induced changes were better in grey seeds harvested in 2017. Therefore, this study reveals that Air scalar-DBD plasma's reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can efficiently accelerate germination and growth in older seeds.