bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report on Schizophrenia
Authors: Vanlalpeka Samuel , Gawai Jaya 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The psychotic state of Schizophrenia is characterized by a disruption in the existence of clear consciousness in the thought, emotion and faculties that typically leads to a social abrogation. In India, research found a prevalence 3/1000 individuals. It is more common in men, and when men begin to develop schizophrenia, they appear to be around five years younger by average than women.
Case Presentation: A male patient 30 years from Hariom Nagar, Sindhi Meghe, Wardha was admitted to Psychiatric Ward, AVBRH on 20th January 2021 with a case of Schizophrenia. Symptoms: Behavioral changes like muttering to self, smiling to self, aggressiveness, irrelevant talk, sleep disturbance, hearing of voices not heard by others. Non adherence to medication in the last 1 years.
Investigation: Hb% - 14.6 mg/dl; Glucose plasma random – 68 mg%; Monocytes- 3%, Granulocytes- 80% Lymphocytes- 15%; HIV, HCV, HBsAg, VDRL, all of these tests were negative. Surgical Management: Patient have no past surgical history.
Medical Management: Patient was treated with Tab. Risperidone Plus x HS and Tab Clonazepam 0.25mg.
Nursing Management: Assess for physical, psychological and social data. Aware for Impact of schizophrenia on physical health, emotions, thinking and natural capacity to cope. Remember that the defense mechanisms used, the nature or structure of the feeling, the suicidal risk, the capacity to work and the space accessible for social support services.
Conclusion: Patient was admitted to AVBRH and was diagnosed to have Schizophrenia. The patient got appropriate treatment and therapy and his condition has improved well.
Regulating Intercalation of Layered Compounds for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Electrocatalysis
Authors: Yang Beibei , Tamirat Andebet Gedamu , Bin Duan , Yao Yong , Lu Hongbin , Xia Yongyao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLayered materials have received extensive attention for widespread applications such as energy storage and conversion, catalysis, and ion transport owing to their fast ion diffusion, exfoliative feature, superior mechanical flexibility, tunable bandgap structure, etc. The presence of large interlayer space between each layer enhances intercalation of the guest ion or molecule, which is beneficial for fast ion diffusion and charge transport along the channels. This intercalation reaction of layered compounds with guest species results in material with improved mechanical and electronic properties for efficient energy storage and conversion, catalysis, ion transport, and other applications. This review extensively discusses the intercalation of guest ionic or molecular species into layered materials used for various types of applications. It assesses the intercalation strategies, mechanism of ionic or molecular intercalation reactions, and highlights recent advancements. The electrochemical performances of several typical intercalated materials in batteries, supercapacitors, and electrocatalytic systems have been thoroughly discussed. Moreover, the challenges in the design and intercalation of layered materials, as well as prospects of future development are highlighted.
Humidity‐Induced Simultaneous Visible and Fluorescence Photonic Patterns Enabled by Integration of Covalent Bonds and Ionic Crosslinks
Authors: Lan Ruochen , Wang Qian , Shen Chen , Huang Rui , Bao Jinying , Zhang Zhongping , Zhang Lanying , Yang Huai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStimuli‐responsive photonic crystals (PCs) have been extensively studied due to their potential in fabrication of anti‐counterfeiting devices and information storage. In this work, using Ca2+ ionic crosslinker, a cholesteric liquid crystalline network (CLCN) based PC able to simultaneously present visible and fluorescence pattern by moisture treatment is designed and prepared. The circularly polarized light from helical structure of CLCN makes the reflected pattern distinguishable under different circular polarizer, implying the unique advantage of this novel coating as anti‐counterfeiting devices. More importantly, due to the thermochromic property of the liquid crystal monomers, permanent pattern is achievable by chemically crosslinking specific region at different temperature. By integrating chemically crosslinking and physically ionic crosslinking, a permanent pattern and a dynamic humidity responsive pattern can be incorporated in a single device, indicating the great potential of this novel photonic coating in information storage.
Heat‐Confined Tumor‐Docking Reversible Thermogel Potentiates Systemic Antitumor Immune Response During Near‐Infrared Photothermal Ablation in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Revuri Vishnu , Rajendrakumar Santhosh Kalash , Park Myong‐Suk , Mohapatra Adityanarayan , Uthaman Saji , Mondal Jagannath , Bae Woo Kyun , Park In‐Kyu , Lee Yong‐Kyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) features immunologically “cold” tumor microenvironments with limited cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration. Although ablation therapies have demonstrated modulation of “cold” TNBC tumors to inflamed “hot” tumors, recruitment of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) at the tumors post ablation therapies prevents the infiltration of CTLs and challenge the antitumor potentials of T‐cell therapies. Here, a thermal ablation immunotherapy strategy is developed to prevent the immune suppressive effects of MDSCs during photothermal ablation and induce a durable systemic antitumor immunity to eradicate TNBC tumors. An injectable pluronic F127/hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based hydrogel embedded with manganese dioxide (BM) nanoparticles and TLR7 agonist resiquimod (R848) (BAGEL‐R848), is synthesized to induce in situ laser‐assisted gelation of the hydrogel and achieve desired ablation temperatures at a low laser‐exposure time. Upon 808‐nm laser irradiation, a significant reduction in the tumor burden is observed in BAGEL‐R848‐injected 4T1 tumor‐bearing mice. The ablation induced immunogenic cell death and sustained release of R848 from BAGEL‐R848 promotes dendritic cell maturation and reduced MDSCs localization in tumors. In addition, inflammatory M1 macrophages and CD8+IFN+ CTL are enriched in distant tumors in bilateral 4T1 tumor model, preventing metastatic tumor growth and signifying the potential of BAGEL‐R848 to treat TNBC.
Nematic Order, Plasmonic Switching and Self‐Patterning of Colloidal Gold Bipyramids
Authors: Mai Zhijian , Yuan Ye , Tai Jung‐Shen B. , Senyuk Bohdan , Liu Bing , Li Hao , Wang Yao , Zhou Guofu , Smalyukh Ivan I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDispersing inorganic colloidal nanoparticles within nematic liquid crystals provides a versatile platform both for forming new soft matter phases and for predefining physical behavior through mesoscale molecular‐colloidal self‐organization. However, owing to formation of particle‐induced singular defects and complex elasticity‐mediated interactions, this approach has been implemented mainly just for colloidal nanorods and nanoplatelets, limiting its potential technological utility. Here, orientationally ordered nematic colloidal dispersions are reported of pentagonal gold bipyramids that exhibit narrow but controlled polarization‐dependent surface plasmon resonance spectra and facile electric switching. Bipyramids tend to orient with their C5 rotation symmetry axes along the nematic director, exhibiting spatially homogeneous density within aligned samples. Topological solitons, like heliknotons, allow for spatial reorganization of these nanoparticles according to elastic free energy density within their micrometer‐scale structures. With the nanoparticle orientations slaved to the nematic director and being switched by low voltages ≈1 V within a fraction of a second, these plasmonic composite materials are of interest for technological uses like color filters and plasmonic polarizers, as well as may lead to the development of unusual nematic phases, like pentatic liquid crystals.
Near‐Infrared Photoactive Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Solar Cells
Authors: Zhou Ru , Xu Jun , Luo Paifeng , Hu Linhua , Pan Xu , Xu Jinzhang , Jiang Yang , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSemiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are nanocrystals whose excitons are bound in 3D space. Owning to their remarkable quantum confinement effect, QDs exhibit a discontinuous electronic energy level structure similar to that of atoms, leading to novel physical, optical, and electrical properties for various optoelectronic device applications including solar cells. Near‐infrared photoactive narrow bandgap (NBG) QDs can maximize the use of solar energy through the quantum size effect, offering a good opportunity for designing highly efficient wide‐spectrum responsive solar cells. This review analyzes the recent research progress of NBG QDs as light absorbing materials in solar cells. The critical elaboration of the latest achievements both in material design and device optimization for NBG QD‐based solar cells (QDSCs), including QD synthesis and film fabrication, design of device configuration, classification of NBG QDs and their photovoltaic performance, strategies for performance improvements is focused upon. The current challenges and perspectives for the further advance of NBG QDSCs are also discussed.
Cyclohexylammonium‐Based 2D/3D Perovskite Heterojunction with Funnel‐Like Energy Band Alignment for Efficient Solar Cells (23.91%)
Authors: Jeong Seonghwa , Seo Seongrok , Yang Hyunwoo , Park Hyoungmin , Shin Sooeun , Ahn Hyungju , Lee Donghwa , Park Jong Hyeok , Park Nam‐Gyu , Shin Hyunjung 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInsufficient charge extraction at the interfaces between light‐absorbing perovskites and charge transporting layers is one of the drawbacks of state‐of‐the‐art perovskite solar cells. Surface treatments and/or interface engineering are necessary to approach the Shockley–Queisser limit. In this work, novel 2D layered perovskites, such as CHA2PbI4 (CHAI = cyclohexylammonium iodide) and CHMA2PbI4 (CHMAI = cyclohexylmethylammonium iodide), are introduced in between 3D perovskites and hole transporting layers by a simple solution process and the 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction is formed and confirmed. Spontaneous photoluminescence quenching is observed by efficient hole extraction with a favorable valence band alignment. The charge extraction ability and recombination are directly measured by the transient photocurrent and photovoltage. Moreover, the interface resistance of the devices significantly is decreased to 30% as compared to devices without 2D perovskites. As a result, the devices with 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction exhibit improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 20.41% to 23.91% primarily because of the increased open‐circuit voltage (1.079 to 1.143 V) and fill factor (78.22% to 84.25%). The results provide a detailed insight into hole extraction and high PCEs with the formation of a 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction.
Molecular characterization of mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA patients in the Andean region of Colombia
Authors: Pachajoa Harry , Acosta Maria Amparo , Alméciga‐Díaz Carlos J. , Ariza Yoseth , Diaz‐Ordoñez Lorena , Caicedo‐Herrera Gabriela , Cuartas Daniel , Nastasi‐Catanese Jose Antonio , Ramírez‐Montaño Diana , Silva Yiseth Katherine , Moreno Lina , Satizabal Jose , Garcia Natalia , Montoya Jorge , Prada Carlos , Porras Gloria , Velasco Harvy , Candelo Estephania 
Published: September 2021

AbstractColombia has a high prevalence of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type IVA. Nevertheless, data regarding the mutation spectrum for MPS IVA in this population have not been completely characterized. Forty‐seven families and 53 patients from seven different Colombian regions were tested for MPS IVA mutations. We compared the sequences with the N‐acetylgalactosamine‐6‐sulfatase (GALNS) reference sequence NM_000512.4, and gene variants were reported. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using SWISS‐MODEL. The mutant proteins were generated by homology from the wild‐type GALNS 4FDJ template obtained from the PDB database, and visualization was performed using Swiss‐PDBViewer and UCSF Chimera. The predictive analysis was run using different bioinformatic tools, and the deleterious annotation of genetic variants was performed using a neural network. We found that 79% and 21% of the cohort was homozygous and compound heterozygous, respectively. The most frequent mutation observed was p.Gly301Cys (78.3% of alleles), followed by p.Arg386Cys (10.4% of alleles). A novel mutation (p.Phe72Ile) was described and classified in silico as a pathogenic variant. This study reveals the mutation spectrum of MPS IVA in Colombia. The high prevalence of the p.Gly301Cys mutation suggests a founder effect of this variant in the Colombian population that causes diseases in the Andean region (via migration). These data can facilitate genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis, and the design of therapeutic interventions.
Facet‐Selective Deposition of Ultrathin Al2O3 on Copper Nanocrystals for Highly Stable CO2 Electroreduction to Ethylene
Authors: Li Hui , Yu Peiping , Lei Renbo , Yang Feipeng , Wen Peng , Ma Xiao , Zeng Guosong , Guo Jinghua , Toma Francesca M. , Qiu Yejun , Geyer Scott M. , Wang Xinwei , Cheng Tao , Drisdell Walter S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCatalysts based on Cu nanocrystals (NCs) for electrochemical CO2‐to‐C2+ conversion with high activity have been a subject of considerable interest, but poor stability and low selectivity for a single C2+ product remain obstacles for realizing sustainable carbon‐neutral cycles. Here, we used the facet‐selective atomic layer deposition (FS‐ALD) technique to selectively cover the (111) surface of Cu NCs with ultrathin Al2O3 to increase the exposed facet ratio of (100)/(111), resulting in a faradaic efficiency ratio of C2H4/CH4 for overcoated Cu NCs 22 times higher than that for pure Cu NCs. Peak performance of the overcoated catalyst (Cu NCs/Al2O3‐10C) reaches a C2H4 faradaic efficiency of 60.4 % at a current density of 300 mA cm−2 in 5 M KOH electrolyte, when using a gas diffusion electrode flow cell. Moreover, the Al2O3 overcoating effectively suppresses the dynamic mobility and the aggregation of Cu NCs, which explains the negligible activity loss and selectivity degradations of Cu NCs/Al2O3‐10C shown in stability tests.
Thermoplastic polyurethanes for biomedical application: A synthetic, mechanical, antibacterial, and cytotoxic study
Authors: Al Nakib Rana , Toncheva Antoniya , Fontaine Veronique , Vanheuverzwijn Jérôme , Raquez Jean‐Marie , Meyer Franck 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) bear tunable chemistry offering the possibility to develop a rich palette of physio‐mechanical properties, making the materials suitable for various fields of application. The great variety in TPUs properties comes from the choices of the monomers and the reaction conditions. Herein, the mechanical properties of the developed TPUs are tailored, while fine‐tuning the hard and soft segment molar ratio, as well as the reaction conditions. TPUs are synthesized from 4,4′‐methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), poly(tetrahydrofuran), and 1,4‐butanediol, and their thermal and mechanical properties are fully characterized. The sample with the most appropriate mechanical properties that are suitable for catheter fabrication, is selected for the biomedical application. Quaternary ammonium salt is synthesized, and 0.5 mol% is incorporated in the TPU to confer antibacterial properties to the material while preserving its mechanical strength. The microbiological tests reveal the antibacterial effect of the developed materials against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as 80% SiHa cell viability, after 72 h of exposure, as part of the performed cytotoxicity studies. Finally, TPUs catheter prototypes fabrication is also proposed, applying an extrusion or injection molding approach for the production of biomedical devices with desirable mechanical properties.
Effects of solid lubricants on the tribological behavior of steel‐backed UHMWPE fabric composites
Authors: Lin Yudong , Guo Zhiwei , Yuan Chengqing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAboard ship, the use of lubricating oil in mechanical equipment is sometimes difficult to achieve and applied oil can easily leak. The use of self‐lubricating materials can largely solve this problem. In this study, three kinds of solid lubricant‐enhanced 304 stainless steel‐backed ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric composites were fabricated with the addition of graphite, molybdenum (IV) disulfide, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). They were tested under various rotating speeds and compared with pure steel‐backed UHMWPE fabric composites. The tribological performance of these composites was evaluated by analysis of friction coefficient, wear rate, and worn face morphology. The results showed that PTFE‐enhanced composites exhibited the best friction reduction performance under all test conditions, better antiwear ability at rotating speeds under 200 rpm, and optimized wear surface morphology, thus indicating better synergy between PTFE and UHMWPE fabric.
Functional clustering methods for resistance spot welding process data in the automotive industry
Authors: Capezza Christian , Centofanti Fabio , Lepore Antonio , Palumbo Biagio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the automotive industry, quality assessment of resistance spot welding (RSW) joints of metal sheets is typically based on costly and lengthy offline tests, which are unfeasible in the full‐scale production on a large scale. However, the massive industrial digitalization triggered by the Industry 4.0 framework makes online measurements of RSW process parameters available for every joint produced. Among these, the so‐called dynamic resistance curve (DRC) is recognized as the full technological signature of the spot welds. Motivated by this context, this article intends to show the potentiality and practical applicability of clustering methods to data represented by curves, and, in general, to functional data. In this way, the task of separating DRCs into homogeneous groups pertaining to spot welds with common mechanical and metallurgical properties can be performed without the need for arbitrary and problem‐specific feature extraction. We provide a hands‐on overview of the most promising functional clustering methods, and apply them to DRCs collected during RSW lab tests at Centro Ricerche Fiat. The identified groups of DRCs emerge to be strictly linked with the wear status of the electrodes, which, in turn, is conjectured to impact the RSW joint final quality. The analysis code, developed in the software environment , accompanied by an essential tutorial and the ICOSAF project data set containing DRC measurements, are openly available online at
https://github.com/unina‐sfere/funclustRSW/.
A validated stability‐indicating reversed‐phase‐HPLC method for dipyridamole in the presence of degradation products and its process‐related impurities in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Mallavarapu Ravindra , Katari Naresh Kumar , Dongala Thirupathi , Rekulapally Vijay Kumar , Marisetti Vishnu Murthy , Vyas Govind 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, we developed and validated a method to determine dipyridamole‐related impurities in pharmaceutical dosage forms using the reversed‐phase‐HPLC technique. All impurities were separated on a YMC pack C8 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.0 μm) analytical column using a suitable mobile phase. Mobile phase A was 10 mM concentration of phosphate buffer (pH adjusted to 4.7 by adding diluted orthophosphoric acid) and mobile phase B was buffer:acetonitrile:methanol (at the ratio of 30:40:30 v/v). The optimized chromatographic conditions used in the experiment were as follows: flow rate, 1.0 mL/min; injection volume, 10 μL and column temperature, 35°C. Chromatographic detection was performed at 295 nm. The stressed samples were analyzed for degradation under acidic, basic, peroxide, water hydrolysis, and physical degradation conditions. The proposed method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and found to be specific, linear, accurate and have a robust stability‐indicating nature. The method showed excellent linearity from limit of quantification (LOQ) to 150% level of concentrations for all impurities. The correlation coefficient (r2) for all impurities was between 0.995 and 0.999. The recovery study was performed from LOQ to 150% level concentrations, with mean recovery values between 92.9% and 103.2%, respectively. The developed method can be used to determine dipyridamole and its relative impurities. The degradation and validated study results indicate its stability‐indicating nature. Therefore, the method can be used in pharmaceutical research and development and quality control departments.
Four‐year HbA1c and LDL‐cholesterol trajectories among individuals with mental disorders and newly developed type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kristensen Frederik P. , Rohde Christopher , Østergaard Søren D. , Thomsen Reimar W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe impact of different types of mental disorders on long‐term glycemic and lipid trajectories following newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unknown. We used real‐world clinical data in a population‐based cohort to fill this knowledge gap. We found that individuals with new T2D and preexisting personality, anxiety, unipolar depression, or psychotic disorder had higher mean HbA1c levels over 4 years following the onset of T2D, whereas no differences were found regarding LDL‐C levels. This knowledge should be considered in the management of T2D in these vulnerable groups.
Mirror Symmetry Breaking and Network Formation in Achiral Polycatenars with Thioether Tail
Authors: Alaasar Mohamed , Darweesh Ahmed F. , Cai Xiaoqian , Liu Feng , Tschierske Carsten 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMirror symmetry breaking in systems composed of achiral molecules is of importance for the design of functional materials for technological applications as well as for the understanding of the mechanisms of spontaneous emergence of chirality. Herein, we report the design and molecular self‐assembly of two series of rod‐like achiral polycatenar molecules derived from a π‐conjugated 5,5’‐diphenyl‐2,2’‐bithiophene core with a fork‐like triple alkoxylated end and a variable single alkylthio chain at the other end. In both series of liquid crystalline materials, differing in the chain length at the trialkoxylated end, helical self‐assembly of the π‐conjugated rods in networks occurs, leading to wide temperature ranges (>200 K) of bicontinuous cubic network phases, in some cases being stable even around ambient temperatures. The achiral bicontinuous cubic Ia
d phase (gyroid) is replaced upon alkylthio chain elongation by a spontaneous mirror symmetry broken bicontinuous cubic phase (I23) and a chiral isotropic liquid phase (Iso1[*]). Further chain elongation results in removing the I23 phase and the re‐appearance of the Ia
d phase with different pitch lengths. In the second series an additional tetragonal phase separates the two cubic phase types.
Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Decorated by Fluorinated Carbon Acids/Carbanions
Authors: Hoshikawa Shoki , Yanai Hikaru , Martín‐Mejías Irene , Lázaro‐Milla Carlos , Aragoncillo Cristina , Almendros Pedro , Matsumoto Takashi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe carboarylation reaction of biphenyl‐alkynes was successfully triggered by electrophilic attack of 1,1‐bis(triflyl)ethylene on the alkyne moiety to give polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) decorated by superacidic carbon acid functionality. Neutralisation of thus obtained acids with NaHCO3 yielded the corresponding sodium salts, which showed improved solubility in both aqueous and organic solvents.