bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the consumption of proanthocyanidins derived from acacia bark on blood pressure in healthy Japanese adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparison study
Authors: Baba Asami , Hoshino Tomohiro , Ogawa Sosuke , Takara Tsuyoshi 
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to verify the effects of consuming proanthocyanidins derived from acacia bark on improving blood pressure and blood circulation in healthy Japanese adult subjects. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-comparison study involving 66 healthy Japanese adults. Subjects were allocated into either acacia or placebo group (n = 33 each) using a random number generator. Subjects consumed six tablets/day of either acacia bark extract tablets or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the measured value of sitting systolic blood pressure at 12 weeks, whereas the secondary outcomes were sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressures, superoxide dismutase activity in blood, and blood flow.Results: The number of subjects analyzed as full analysis set was 33 (20 men and 13 women) in the Acacia group and 31 (23 men and 8 women) in the placebo group. Compared with the placebo group, the measured values and changes from baseline at 4, 8, and 12 weeks of the sitting systolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the Acacia group. Furthermore, “the ratio of the number of subjects whose sitting systolic blood pressure <130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≤89 mmHg at 12 weeks” of the Acacia group was significantly higher than that of the placebo group. No adverse event was observed. Conclusions: Proanthocyanidins derived from acacia bark showed a hypotensive effect. Trial registration: UMIN-CTR: UMIN000039416. Foundation: Acacia-No-Ki Co., Ltd. Keywords: Acacia bark extract, Proanthocyanidins, Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure
NEW SPECIES RECORDS OF MANTODEA, ORTHOPTERA, AND PHASMATODEA IN THE STATE OF TEXAS (USA)
Authors: Stidham John , Stidham Thomas A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
With its large size and range of habitats, Texas has one of the most diverse insect faunas of the United States with many endemic species. Despite more than a century of active study, knowledge of the insect diversity in Texas remains incomplete. Here, we report 19 species and subspecies records of Mantodea, Orthoptera, and Phasmatodea for the first time in Texas (USA) based on museum specimens. These records include several significant geographic range extensions (from eastern, southern, and western species) such as the phasmid Diapheromera carolina Scudder, the band-winged grasshopper Arphia granulata Saussure, and the mantid Stagmomantis montana Saussure & Zehntner. These records also include the first documentation of Melanoplus torridus (Roberts) and Phaedrotettix gracilis (Bruner) in the United States and the first records of the invasive cricket Velarifictorus micado (Saussure) in Texas. While some of these discoveries only extend known ranges somewhat, others represent disjunct and ecologically different populations.
Морфологічні зміни при експериментальному лікуванні цукрового діабету 2 типу солями гумінових кислот.
Authors: Kovalchuk Olena , Pedorenko Kateryna , Kovalchuk Svitlana 
Published: July 2021

Захворюваність на цукровий діабет невпинно зростає набуваючи характеру справжньої епідемії та стає викликом не тільки для медицини, але й суспільства вцілому. Зважаючи на те, що близько 90% усіх хворих припадає на хворих з цукровим діабетом 2 типу. Пріоритетним напрямком серед дослідників є пошук нових методів лікування цукрового діабету 2 типу. Існує ряд статей про лікування цукрового діабету 2 типу солями гумінових кислот. Дана стаття висвітлює проведене експериментальне дослідження лікувальних властивостей солей гуматів на щурах. Отримані дані під час дослідження та після дослідження морфологічних змін органів-мішеней (печінка, нирки міокард) свідчать про недостатню терапевтичну дію солей гумінових кислот.
Az Európai Unió tagállamainak csoportosítása gazdasági változók mentén – fókuszban Kelet-Közép-Európa
Authors: Drabancz Áron , El-Meouch Nedim Márton , Bajkán Domonkos 
Published: July 2021

Tanulmányunkban a kelet-közép-európai országok – kiemelten a Visegrádi országok – gazdasági homogenitását elemezzük az európai uniós gazdasági térben hat gazdasági változó alapján, klaszterelemzés segítségével. Megvizsgáljuk, hogy 2004 óta miként változott a kelet- közép-európai országok gazdasági változók mellett képzett klasztereinek stabilitása, a térség országainak egymáshoz viszonyított helyzetében történt-e érdemi elmozdulás, az eurózónához való csatlakozás esetlegesen jó indikátora-e a felzárkózásnak. Eredményeink alapján a Visegrádi országok nem kerültek egyik időpontban sem ugyanabba a klaszterbe, Csehország pedig sok tekintetben inkább már a magországokra jellemző gazdasági adatokkal rendelkezik. Az eurózónához való csatlakozás sem volt meghatározó, a zónához csatlakozó térségbeli államok továbbra is a térség államaival kerültek egy klaszterbe.
Nota Editorial
Authors: Saldanha Sobreira de Moura Alexandrina 
Published: July 2021

A contribuição da Revista Ciência & Trópico como periódico semestral desde que substituiu o Boletim do Instituto Joaquim Nabuco de Pesquisas Sociais, pela Resolução 267 de outubro de 1972, tem sido multidisciplinar, contando com artigos internacionais, tendo em vista a parceria dos seus profissionais com diversas instituições de ensino e pesquisa da Europa, dos Estados Unidos e da América Latina. Vale salientar que o projeto de nº 2960 de 1961 da Câmara dos Deputados previu, em suas disposições gerais e transitórias, que o antigo Instituto Joaquim Nabuco de Pesquisas Sociais deveria contar com uma revista científica para publicações de pesquisadores da Instituição ou estrangeiros.
Ao concluir mais um número, resultado de fluxo contínuo, além de cumprir uma missão institucional, estamos ampliando horizontes temáticos, fortalecendo debates de todos os matizes e garantindo a liberdade de expressão de todos os que submetem seus artigos à apreciação dos inúmeros pareceristas que merecem nossos agradecimentos pelo trabalho sério que garante a continuidade e a renovação da Ciência & Trópico.
Na qualidade de Editora-chefe e pesquisadora da Fundaj, agradeço o trabalho do Editor assistente, Luis Henrique Lopes, aos colegas da Iconografia, em nome de Albertina Malta, que está sempre pronta a promover o acervo artístico da Fundaj, à Editora Massangana e a todos que compartilham ideias, cores e a força do compromisso de seguir adiante.
TRATAMENTO HOMEOPÁTICO PARA MITIGAÇÃO DO ESTRESSE HÍDRICO NA GERMINAÇÃO DE AVEIA PRETA (Avena strigosa Sherb)
Authors: Santos Domitila Souza , Losch Edaciano Leandro , Bricarello Patrizia Ana 
Published: July 2021

O uso de insumos quimiosintéticos na agropecuária tem ocasionado riscos à saúde humana, animal e ambiental. Portanto, é necessário repensar o modelo de agricultura praticada na atualidade com o uso intensivo de insumos de alto impacto ambiental. A homeopatia apresenta promissor potencial de uso na agricultura e na pecuária. Este estudo teve como objetivo a seleção do preparado homeopático e posterior avaliação do uso na mitigação do estresse hídrico em sementes de duas cultivares de aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb). O preparado homeopático de Calcarea carbonica foi selecionado por repertorização homeopática e utilizado na potência 7CH. As sementes foram submetidas a dois testes de germinação sob quatro diferentes níveis de estresse hídrico, 0 MPa, -0,2 MPa, -0,4MPa e -0,8MPa e de condutividade elétrica, com e sem aplicação de Calcarea carbonica. Os testes foram avaliados quanto à taxa de germinação e aos resultados de condutividade elétrica. Os melhores resultados de mitigação do estresse hídrico foram obtidos para o teste de germinação nos níveis de estresse por pressão osmótica de -0,2 e -0,4 Mpa para a cultivar IAPAR CABOCLA.
Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant potentiality and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extracts of Rosenvingea sp. of Bay of Bengal
Authors: Alim Md Abdul , Rahman Md Farzanoor , Ahsan Tamim , Islam Toufiqul , Alam Md Morshedul , Hossain Mohammad Nazir 
Published: July 2021

The objective of the present study was to explore the phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of 50% ethanolic extract of Rosenvingea sp. found in the Bay of Bengal of Bangladesh. Seven phytochemicals were tested from the ethanolic extract of Rosenvingea, where four phytochemicals, namely steroid, glycosides, alkaloids, and tannins were present. However, ethanol extract exhibited low antioxidant activity compared to standard ascorbic acid as measured by DPPH-Free radical scavenging assay. In Brine Shrimp lethality bioassay, 50% ethanolic extract showed an LC50 value of 10.88 mg/mL, whereas positive control (K2Cr2O7) showed LC50 59.97 µg/mL suggesting the less toxic property of the ethanolic extract. In-vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Rosenvingea sp. was investigated against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria species (Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, and Klebsiella) by agar disc diffusion method. The highest antibacterial activity was noticed against Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus hominis with a zone of inhibition of 5.00±1.00 mm, 3.66±0.57 mm, and 3.33±0.57 mm, respectively. This is the first study on Rosenvingea sp. from the Bay of Bengal, reporting its phytochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial potentiality. However, more study is required to elucidate its commercial viability in the food and medicine industries.
J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 59-71: June 2021
Biodegradation of azo dyes and dyes present in textile wastewaters using Bacillus sp. az28, obtained from industrial effluents
Authors: Suhag Mahmudul Hassan , Haque KM Anis Ul , Hossen Md Zobaidul , Azad Abul Kalam , Younus Muhammad 
Published: July 2021

The bacterial isolate Bacillus sp. AZ28, obtained from industrial effluent, demonstrates a great capacity to degrade various azo dyes (methyl orange (MO), magneson I (MI), novacron dark blue (NDB), and novacron red FN 3GF (NRF3)), and azo dye-containing textile effluent (TE). The degradation was evident by decolorization of dyes, and the decolorization efficiency of 84-95% was achieved within 14-72 h under optimum conditions, such as 37˚C, pH 7, inoculation size 8%, 1% glucose, and 1% beef extract. The extent of decolorization of individual dye was determined by UV–Vis spectroscopy, and products of biodegradation were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy and TLC analyses. Chemical analysis showed that the COD and BOD values were significantly reduced after treatment. Thus, the biodegradation ability under mild conditions suggests that Bacillus sp. AZ28 has potential in textile effluent treatment.
J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 45(1); 117-122: June 2021
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN Ricinus communis L (JARAK KEPYAR)
Authors: Sarfina Julia , Nurhamidah Nurhamidah , Handayani Dewi 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of jarak kepyar’s leaf extracts (Ricinus communis L.) and to determine of the fraction the growth of Erwinia carotovora. Jarak kepyar’s leaf extracted by maceration method using ethanol and fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Antioxidant test using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) with various concentrations of 125 ppm, 100 ppm, 75 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm, 15 ppm and 5 ppm. Antibacterial test conducted on the active fractions as antioxidants using paper disc method and variations in the concentration of 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm, 125 ppm, 62.5 ppm. Phytochemical test results jarak kepyar’s leaf contain secondary metabolites are alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids. The test results demonstrate the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate fraction is very strong as an antioxidant with IC50 values of 5.4 ppm and a strong ethanol fraction categorized as antioxidants IC50 of 99.8 ppm. Antibacterial test results showed inhibition of the leaf fraction of jarak kepyar’s (Ricinus communis L.) against Erwinia carotovora categorized weak growth in ethanol fractions with inhibition zone diameter of 4 mm and being in ethyl acetate fraction with a diameter of 5 mm
POTENSI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI BAKTERI ENDOFIT PADA DAUN Moringa oleifera L
Authors: Yati Susi Juni , Sumpono Sumpono , Candra I Nyoman 
Published: July 2021

[POTENTIAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM ENDOPHYTE BACTERIA ON Moringa oleifera L LEAF] This research aims to know the similarities between secondary compound metabolites produced by endophyte bacterial on host leaves and from Moringa oleifera L (kelor) leaves as well as determine the magnitude of antioxidant activity compounds of secondary metabolites produced by bacterial endophyte. Based on the results of the test compound is secondary metabolite in both samples, for secondary metabolite compounds in the extract of the leaves of M. oleifera L. contains identified steroid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and phenolic compounds, while for metabolites secondary bacterial endophyte undetectable on the existence of any secondary metabolite compounds.For testing of antioxidants on endophyte bacterial extracts of leaves of M. oleifera L is done using the DPPH method, performed on variations of the concentration of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ppm with Ascorbic acid as a comparison. The results of the test get an IC50 of M. oleifera L leaf extract at 243.67 ppm, and supernatan extract from endophyte bacterial at 492 ppm. The IC50 values showed antioxidant activity in secondary metabolite compounds derived from extracts of the leaves of M. oleifera L which has an extreme antioxidant category. The amount of antioxidant activity for secondary metabolite compound extracts of bacterial endophyte on leaves of M. oleifera L category is feeble, and to extract the supernatan activity is weak compared to the value of the antioxidant activity of Ascorbic acid.
Place in therapy of innovative drugs in multiple myeloma in 2021 and 2023 according to an expert panel Delphi consensus
Authors: Boccadoro Mario , Berto Patrizia , Bringhen Sara , Zamagni Elena , Tosi Patrizia , Cascavilla Nicola , Giuliani Nicola , Mannina Donato , Zambello Renato , Patriarca Francesca , Montefusco Vittorio , Grasso Mariella , Di Raimondo Francesco , Offidani Massimo , Petrucci Maria Teresa , Musto Pellegrino 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The objective of this study was to understand the potential use of single agents and drug combinations in multiple myeloma (MM) across treatment lines in the years 2021 and 2023.
Methods: The method used was Delphi Panel Method survey, administered to European Myeloma Network (EMN) Italy Working Group centres. Future treatments were identified assessing all available web-based information sources, including therapies (single drugs or combinations) with strong evidence of efficacy, likely to be on the Italian market in 2021 and 2023. Participants were asked to report on the likelihood of prescription for MM therapies, across treatment lines.
Results: Across the 15 centres taking part in the survey, about 890 patients per year are forecasted to receive a new diagnosis of MM. In 2021, the Panel forecasted 66% of 1L-TE (transplant eligible) patients will be treated with bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone (VTD) and 32% of patients with daratumumab-bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone (DVTd), with a substantial decrease of VTD (15%) and a marked increase of DVTd (81%) forecasted for 2023. The 2L and 3L R(lenalidomide)-based combination treatments are expected to drop and will likely be substituted by a steep increase in P(pomalidomide)-based regimes (from 7% to 23%). On the contrary, in 3L treatment, all combination therapies (with the exception of IsaPd – isatuximab-pomalidomide-dexamethasone) are expected to lose market share in favour of the most recent new therapies.
Conclusions: Expert Panel agrees that many different new drugs and combinations will be used in MM, with different mechanisms of action, both at diagnosis and in subsequent phases of the disease, with a corresponding decline of the drugs currently used.
Tradescantia pallida L. (Commelinaceae) influences the activity of oviposition and feeding of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
Authors: Rocha Aline Nascimento , Carvalho Emerson Machado de , Mauad Juliana Rosa Carrijo , Mussury Rosilda Mara 
Published: July 2021

Diamondback moth represents one of the major Brassicaceae plagues and the main current control method relies on the agrotoxins use. The search for alternative phytosanitary control methods demonstrates that the vegetal extracts have broadly studied and now represent a relevant option to control insects-plagues in small cultivation areas. Was evaluated the effect of the aqueous extract Tradescantia pallida 10% in oviposition and the feeding preference of Plutella xylostella, in laboratory conditions. That plant does not present herbivory reports, which raises the hypothesis of representing an efficient control alternative. P. xylostella couples introduced in experimentation cages for 10 days, to assess the activity of oviposition, being exposed to the botanic extract in the feeding and the oviposition substrate, with the eggs average number per day and fertility being assessed. To assess feeding, two tests developed: free choice and no choice of food source during 48 hours of evaluation. The results indicate that the aqueous T. pallida extract changes the oviposition activity of P. xylostella, reducing the average number of eggs per day and the fertility. It was also possible to observe the non-preference, regarding feeding, for substrates that were treated with the extract. The results observed in the study can contribute to amplify the small producers decision-making processes and the involved sectors regarding the choice of supplies that respect environmental and human health.
Particle acceleration in space: a universal mechanism?
Authors: Panasyuk M I , Miroshnichenko L I 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExperimental evidence in favor of or against the existence of a universal mechanism for the acceleration of charged particles in the Universe is analyzed from the modern standpoint. We adopt a purely phenomenological approach to this very intricate problem, discussing spatial scales that range from the magnetospheres of Earth and other planets of the Solar System to the Sun’s atmosphere, the heliosphere, supernovae, and extragalactic objects responsible for the generation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. We demonstrate a great variety of acceleration mechanisms operating in the Universe. However, data on the nuclear composition of accelerated particles obtained in numerous experiments may be indicative of a global nature of the Fermi-type stochastic acceleration mechanism inherent in various astrophysical objects. This mechanism may well be dominant over others, but a number of experimental observations are nevertheless inconsistent with that idea. It is possible that a hierarchy of accelerating mechanisms operates in some space objects, with preliminary acceleration by one mechanism followed by other mechanisms, acting sequentially or alternatively. We therefore discuss all currently available data for and against the global ‘presence’ of a Fermi-type acceleration mechanism.
Integrative Analysis Identified a 6-miRNA Prognostic Signature in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yunqin , Wang Zhen , Li Hong , Li Yixue 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein–Barr virus-associated epithelial malignancy, which is rare in America but endemic in China. The current clinical gold TNM-based standard for prognosis may not be enough. Although some studies have reported that some miRNAs have a prognostic power in NPC, there is a scarcity of independent validation for these miRNAs.MethodsIn this work, we firstly conducted a literature review of all miRNA profiling datasets with survival information, then integrated miRNA expression data across different profiling platforms and built prognostic models using machine learning methods. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank tests were applied to estimate correlations of the miRNA signature with survival, and the area under the time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) and concordance index (C-index) were used to assess the predictive power of prognostic models. We also investigated the biological roles of the prognostic miRNAs through identifying their regulated genes and association with immune infiltration.ResultsWe constructed a prognostic model based on 6-miRNA signature (ebv-miR-BART12, ebv-miR-BART15, miR-29c-3p, miR-30e-5p, hsa-miR-375-3p, has-miR-93-5p) using the elastic net penalized Cox regression model. The AUCs of our model predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 0.90, 0.73, and 0.70 for the external validation dataset and showed better prognostic power than models using previously reported miRNA signatures. The 6-miRNA risk score was an independent prognostic predictor for overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS). It could stratify patients into low-risk and high-risk groups; patients in the low-risk group treated with concurrent chemotherapy had a better survival. On the basis that the 6-miRNA risk score improved the current clinical gold standard for prognosis, we built a nomogram integrating both clinical characterizations and the risk score to predict 3-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival. Functional analysis suggested that the six miRNAs mainly play roles in virus infection pathways and oncogenic signaling pathways and associated with B-cell expression.ConclusionWe identified a 6-miRNA prognostic signature in nasopharyngeal carcinoma across miRNA profiling platforms and patient geographical difference, which showed good prediction capability in terms of OS, DFS, and MFS. The 6-miRNA risk score might be helpful for clinicians to make treatment strategies and predict patient outcomes.
Analyzing Assessment Practices for Indigenous Students
Authors: Preston Jane P. , Claypool Tim R. 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this article is to review common assessment practices for Indigenous students. We start by presenting positionalities—our personal and professional background identities. Then we explain common terms associated with Indigeneity and Indigenous and Western worldviews. We describe the meaning of document analysis, the chosen qualitative research design, and we explicate the delimitations and limitations of the paper. The review of the literature revealed four main themes. First, assessment is subjugated by a Western worldview. Next, many linguistic assessment practices disadvantage Indigenous students, and language-specific and culture-laden standardized tests are often discriminatory. Last, there is a pervasive focus on cognitive assessment. We discuss how to improve assessment for Indigenous students. For example, school divisions and educators need quality professional development and knowledge about hands-on assessment, multiple intelligences, and Western versus Indigenous assessment inconsistencies. Within the past 20 years, assessment tactics for Indigenous students has remained, more or less, the same. We end with a short discussion addressing this point.