bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in Behcet's disease activity and manifestations: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Parsaei Amirhossein , Moradi Soroush , Masoumi Maryam , Davatchi Fereydoun , Najafi Anahita , Kooshki Ashkan Mohammadi , Hajighadery Abdolkarim , Akhlaghi Massoomeh , Faezi Tahereh , Kavosi Hoda 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Behcet’s disease (BD) as a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the eyes, skin, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract and vessels. According to the literature, the exact value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in predicting active manifestations of BD remains controversial. In this study, we aim to assess and compare values of ESR and CRP between BD patients with active/ inactive BD and active/inactive manifestations of the disease. Moreover, we try to determine the predictive value of ESR and CRP for disease activity.
Methods
Participants (n = 514) were drug-naïve BD patients; Based on last two visits, ESR and CRP values, disease activity, and active manifestations were recorded. The Man-Whitney U test measured the associations, and the binomial logistic regression evaluated the predictive value of ESR and CRP for active disease and each active manifestation. The sensitivity and specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) for each model were determined using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Multiple regressions were run to predict BD activity score from ESR and CRP.
Result
Patients with active ocular, oral, genital, joint and dermal manifestations had higher ESR and CRP values (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.05 for all). Binomial logistic regressions showed that ESR had valuable predictive value for active BD (OR = 1.09[1.04–1.13], AUC = 0.79[0.74–0.83], p < 0.001) and active vascular manifestations (1.03[1.01–1.05], AUC = 0.85[0.79–0.92], p < 0.001). CRP had good predictive value for active vascular manifestations (OR 1.98[1.45–2.72], AUC = 0.86[0.8–0.91], p < 0.001,). The optimal value of ESR ≥ 10.5 and ESR ≥ 42.5 could predict active BD and active vascular manifestations with Sensitivity,Specificity = 71%,75% and = 81%, 83% respectively.
Conclusions
ESR and CRP are both associated with active BD and most manifestations of the diseases. They can be used for the prediction of active BD and active vascular manifestations in BD patients. Further studies can help to confirm the findings of the current research.
Density determination of liquid iron-nickel-sulfur at high pressure
Authors: Kawaguchi Saori I. , Morard Guillaume , Kuwayama Yasuhiro , Hirose Kei , Hirao Naohisa , Ohishi Yasuo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The density of liquid iron-nickel-sulfur (Fe46.5Ni28.5S25) alloy was determined at pressures up to 74 GPa and an average temperature of 3400 K via pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) data obtained using laser-heated diamond-anvil cells. The determined density of liquid Fe46.5Ni28.5S25 at 74 GPa and 3400 K is 8.03(35) g/cm3, 15% lower than that of pure liquid Fe. The obtained density data were fitted to a third-order Vinet equation of state (EoS), and the determined isothermal bulk modulus and its pressure derivative at 24.6 GPa are KTPr = 110.5(250) GPa and KTPr′ = 7.2(25), respectively, with a fixed density of rPr = 6.43 g/cm3 at 24.6 GPa. The change in the atomic volume of Fe46.5Ni28.5S25 upon melting was found to be ~10% at the melting temperature, a significantly larger value than that of pure Fe (~3%). Combined with the above EoS parameters and the thermal dependence reported in the literature, our data were extrapolated to the outer core conditions of the Earth. Assuming that S is the only light element and considering the range of suggested Ni content, we estimated a 5.3–6.6 wt% S content in the Earth’s outer core.
Optimal volume selection of air vessels in long-distance water supply systems
Authors: Shi Lin , Zhang Jian , Yu Xiao-dong , Wang Xing-tao , Chen Xu-yun , Zhang Zhe-xin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The use of air vessels is an effective measure to control water hammers, and its volume selection has a certain blindness. This paper aims to reveal the surge wave characteristics and provide design guidelines for air vessels in long-distance water supply systems. First, the analytical formulas of water-level oscillations in the air vessel are derived based on the Krylov–Bogoliubov–Mitropolsky method. Then, an optimization model is constructed for selecting the optimal volume of the air vessels. Finally, the validation of the analytical formulas and the optimization of the model are conducted through two actual projects. The results show that the calculation error of the analytical formulas can be controlled within a very small range, and the process of selecting air vessel volume can be simplified with the provided model. In addition, increasing the air chamber height within its range can reduce the volume of air vessels with the same protection requirements. The optimization analysis results of the air vessel can provide guidance and reference for the design of actual projects.
Insights into the prediction capability of roughness coefficient in current ripple bedforms under varied hydraulic conditions
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Shahnazi Saman 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Ubiquitous flow bedforms such as ripples in rivers and coastal environments can affect transport conditions as they constitute the bed roughness elements. The roughness coefficient needs to be adequately quantified owing to its significant influence on the performance of hydraulic structures and river management. This work intended to evaluate the sensitivity and robustness of three machine learning (ML) methods, namely, Gaussian process regression (GPR), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine (SVM) for the prediction of the Manning's roughness coefficient of channels with ripple bedforms. To this end, 840 experimental data points considering various hydraulic conditions were prepared. According to the obtained results, GPR was found to accurately predict the Manning's coefficient with input parameters of Reynolds number (Re), depth to width ratio (y/b), the ratio of the hydraulic radius to the median grain diameter (R/D50), and grain Froude number (). Moreover, sensitivity analysis was implemented with proposed ML approaches which indicated that the ratio of the hydraulic radius to the median grain diameter has a considerable role in modeling the Manning's coefficient in channels with ripple bedforms.
Environmental surveillance of Legionella pneumophila in hot water systems of hotels in Morocco
Authors: Assaidi Abdelwahid , Soummane Afaf , Ellouali Mostafa , Latrache Hassan , Timinouni Mohammed , Zahir Hafida , Mliji El Mostafa 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective: Environmental monitoring of Legionella in hot water systems of hotels in Morocco was performed during the period from January 2016 to April 2018. A total of 149 water samples from 118 different hotels were analyzed. Methods: A total of 149 water samples from 118 different hotels were analyzed. Possible risk factors were prospectively recorded, and data were analyzed in connection with building and plumbing systems characteristics. Data about building and risk factors were collected through a questionnaire survey. Results: Out of the 149 samples, 77(51.7%) were positive for L. pneumophila. Serological typing of the isolates revealed that 54 (70.1%) are L. pneumophila serogroup 2–15 and 23 (29.9%) are L. pneumophila serogroup 1. 56.8% of all buildings were colonized by L. pneumophila. Counts were over 1,000 CFU/L in 44%. Contamination was strongly correlated with temperature in the circulation, the age of the premise plumbing and the size of the building. Conclusions: The results showed a relevant exposure to L. pneumophila in the community and the identified risk factors can serve as indicators for risk assessment and relevant actions.
Economic valuation meta-analysis of freshwater improvement in developed and developing countries. Are they different?
Authors: Roldán Diego , Sarmiento Juan P. , Roldán-Aráuz Francisco 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The quality of drinking water differs across countries, so households show different levels of willingness to pay (WTP) to improve it, which is also influenced by their income levels. This study presents a meta-analysis using studies from 30 developed and developing countries, representing 4.7 billion inhabitants. At the international level, by standardizing these values (PPP) to international US dollars of 2011, developing countries show, on average, a greater WTP than developed countries relative to their income and an inverse correlation between their water footprint and their WTP.
Efficacy and Safety of Remote Cardiac Rehabilitation in the Recovery Phase of Cardiovascular Diseases: Protocol for a Multicenter, Nonrandomized, Single-Arm, Interventional Trial
Authors: Itoh Hidetaka , Amiya Eisuke , Narita Koichi , Shimbo Mai , Taya Masanobu , Komuro Issei , Hasegawa Takashi , Makita Shigeru , Kimura Yutaka 
Published: August 2021

Background
Conventional group-based outpatient cardiac rehabilitation through monitoring and center-based approaches for patients in the recovery phase has shown strong evidence for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, there are some cases in which maintaining attendance of center-based cardiac rehabilitation is difficult.

Objective
This study aims to ascertain the safety and efficacy of remote cardiac rehabilitation (RCR) in the recovery phase in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Methods
Patients satisfying the study criteria will be recruited from multiple institutions (approximately 30) across Japan. In total, 75 patients (approximately 2 or 3 patients from each institution) are proposed to be recruited. Patients enrolled in the RCR group will be lent devices necessary for RCR (including calibrated ergometers and tablets). Patients will perform anaerobic exercise at home using ergometer for 30-40 minutes at least 3 times weekly. During exercise, an instructor will monitor the patient in real time (using interactive video tools and monitoring tools for various vital data). Moreover, educational instructions will be given 3 times weekly using e-learning methods.

Results
The primary endpoint is the peak oxygen uptake 2-3 months from the start of exercise or 6-min walk test. The extracted data will be compared between RCR patients and controls without RCR.

Conclusions
The establishment of the system of RCR proposed in this study will lead to the development of more extensive applications, which have been insufficient through conventional interventions.

Trial Registration
University Hospital Medical Information Network—Clinical Trials Registry UMIN–CTR UMIN000042942; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000048983

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/30725
Framing of and Attention to COVID-19 on Twitter: Thematic Analysis of Hashtags
Authors: Tahamtan Iman , Potnis Devendra , Mohammadi Ehsan , Miller Laura E , Singh Vandana 
Published: August 2021

Background
Although past research has focused on COVID-19–related frames in the news media, such research may not accurately capture and represent the perspectives of people from diverse backgrounds. Additionally, research on the public attention to COVID-19 as reflected through frames on social media is scarce.

Objective
This study identified the frames about the COVID-19 pandemic in the public discourse on Twitter, which voices diverse opinions. This study also investigated the amount of public attention to those frames on Twitter.

Methods
We collected 22 trending hashtags related to COVID-19 in the United States and 694,582 tweets written in English containing these hashtags in March 2020 and analyzed them via thematic analysis. Public attention to these frames was measured by evaluating the amount of public engagement with frames and public adoption of those frames.

Results
We identified 9 frames including “public health guidelines,” “quarantine life,” “solidarity,” “evidence and facts,” “call for action,” “politics,” “post-pandemic life,” “shortage panic,” and “conflict.” Results showed that some frames such as “call for action” are more appealing than others during a global pandemic, receiving greater public adoption and engagement. The “call for action” frame had the highest engagement score, followed by “conflict” and “evidence and facts.” Additionally, “post-pandemic life” had the highest adoption score, followed by “call for action” and “shortage panic.” The findings indicated that the frequency of a frame on social media does not necessarily mean greater public adoption of or engagement with the frame.

Conclusions
This study contributes to framing theory and research by demonstrating how trending hashtags can be used as new user-generated data to identify frames on social media. This study concludes that the identified frames such as “quarantine life” and “conflict” and themes such as “isolation” and “toilet paper panic” represent the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The consequences could be (1) exclusively related to COVID-19, such as hand hygiene or isolation; (2) related to any health crisis such as social support of vulnerable groups; and (3) generic that are irrespective of COVID-19, such as homeschooling or remote working.
The Risk of Acute Kidney Injury with Oral Anticoagulants in Elderly Adults with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Harel Ziv , McArthur Eric , Jeyakumar Nivethika , Sood Manish M. , Garg Amit X. , Silver Samuel A. , Dorian Paul , Blum Daniel , Beaubien-Souligny William , Yan Andrew T. , Badve Sunil V. , Smyth Brendan , Jun Min , Jandoc Racquel , Kitchlu Abhijat , Wald Ron 
Published: August 2021

Background and objectives
Anticoagulation with either a vitamin K antagonist or a direct oral anticoagulant may be associated with AKI. Our objective was to assess the risk of AKI among elderly individuals with atrial fibrillation newly prescribed a direct oral anticoagulant (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban) versus warfarin.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Our population-based cohort study included 20,683 outpatients in Ontario, Canada, ≥66 years with atrial fibrillation who were prescribed warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or apixaban between 2009 and 2017. Inverse probability of treatment weighting on the basis of derived propensity scores for the treatment with each direct oral anticoagulant was used to balance baseline characteristics among patients receiving each of the three direct oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed in the weighted population to compare the association between the prescribed anticoagulant and the outcomes of interest. The exposure was an outpatient prescription of warfarin or one of the direct oral anticoagulants. The primary outcome was a hospital encounter with AKI, defined using Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes thresholds. Prespecified subgroup analyses were conducted by eGFR category and by the percentage of international normalized ratio measurements in range, a validated marker of anticoagulation control.

Results
Each direct oral anticoagulant was associated with a significantly lower risk of AKI compared with warfarin (weighted hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.53 to 0.80 for dabigatran; weighted hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.73 to 0.98 for rivaroxaban; and weighted hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.93 for apixaban). In the subgroup analysis, the lower risk of AKI associated with each direct oral anticoagulant was consistent across each eGFR strata. The risk of AKI was significantly lower among users of each of the direct oral anticoagulants compared with warfarin users who had a percentage of international normalized ratio measurements ≤56%.

Conclusions
Direct oral anticoagulants were associated with a lower risk of AKI compared with warfarin.
Measuring Feed Force in Machining Using a Strain Gage
Authors: Siregar Salman Al Farisi , Triono Agus , Darsin Mahros , Mulyadi Santoso 
Published: August 2021

Measuring the forces that work during machining has been being concerned by researchers for years. There are three main forces that work in turning: thrust force, axial force, and radial force. Thus, feeding force measurement is needed in machine manufacturing. This research attempts to develop measurement method through feeding force, using strain gauge sensor. The aim of measurement of feeding force in this research is to find out the influence parameter of machine towards feeding force. The research used experimental method with design experiment Taguchi to know the influence of machine parameters to feeding force in turning process. The measurement tool is strain gauge sensor connected to cutting tool. The workspace is alluminium 6061 with 15 mm in diameter and 150 mm in length. The parameters for this research are speed rate (140 rpm, 215 rpm, and 330 rpm), feed rate (0,043 mm/r , 0,065 mm/r , and 0,081 mm/r), and depth of cut (0,2 mm, 0,4 mm, and 0,6 mm). The result showed that speed rate is the most significant parameter, with the contribution percentage is 92 %. Speed rate and feed rate parameter have insignificant influence. The contribution percentage of speed rate is 2% while the feed rate has % contribution percentage. The conclusion of the research is that the bigger number of speed rate, the bigger feeding force it will have.
Cardioprotectant Effect Of Bay Leaf Extract (Syzygiumpolyanthum) On Myocardium Thickness Of Rat Heart
Authors: Lestari Dian Yuliartha , Trimaulidia Rizky 
Published: August 2021

High salt diet and prednisone administration will increase blood pressure which chronically causes heart muscle remodeling so that it appears macroscopically as left ventricular hypertrophy. Bay leaf extract contains flavonoids which can lower blood pressure and decrease left ventricular thickening. To determine the effect of bay leaf extract (Syzygiumpolyanthum) on the left ventricle thickening of rat heart (Rattus norvegicus wistar strain) in hypertensive model. True experimental post-test only controls group design with simple random sampling technique. The subjects of this study were 25 male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months weighing 150-200 grams. Rats were induced with prednisone 1.5 mg/ KgBW / day in 2% NaCl for 6 weeks followed by administration of bay leaf extract at a dose of 70 mg/ KgBW, a dose of 140 mg/ KgBW, and a dose of 280 mg/ KgBW. Data analyzed by One Way ANOVA, Post Hoc Bonferroni, followed by Linear: One Way ANOVA test showed significant differences between treatments (p = 0.000). The Bonferroni Post Hoc test concluded that there were significant differences in the treatment of the P2 and P3 groups. Linear regression test obtained R square 0.663 and obtained the equation Y = 1965.838 - 1.275X. The extract of bay leaf (Syzygiumpolyanthum) has an effect on decreasing the left ventricle thickening of the white male rat heart (Rattus norvegicus wistar strain) hypertension model.
Adaptasi Lingkungan Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan Lapas Pemuda Kelas IIA Tangerang
Authors: Faiq Sinatriya Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Adaptasi budaya adalah proses penyesuaian diri seseorang terhadap lingkungan baru untuk jangka panjang dan akhirnya merasa nyaman dengan lingkungan tersebut. Proses adaptasi berlangsung saat orang-orang memasuki budaya baru dan asing serta berinteraksi dengan budaya tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami adaptasi budaya warga binaan pemasyarakatan Lapas Pemuda Kelas IIA Tangerang. Adaptasi budaya memiliki 4 fase, yaitu fase kegembiraan, kekecewaan, resolusi, dan fase berfungsi dengan efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivis dan teori adaptasi budaya. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif dan metode fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa informan tidak mengalami fase kegembiraan, melainkan langsung ke fase kekecewaan, fase resolusi, dan fase berfungsi dengan efektif. Pada fase kekecewaan informan merasa takut, kecewa, cemas dan menyesal. Fase resolusi dirasakan pada saat informan mendapat penempatan di rumah penaling (pengenalan lingkungan). Fase berfungsi dengan efektif dirasakan saat mereka melakukan kegiatan keagamaan dan pembinaan yang diberikan oleh petugas bagian bimbingan kemasyarakatan dan perawatan Lapas Pemuda Kelas IIA Tangerang. Untuk mengatasi perasaan takut, cemas, dan kecewa dalam fase kekecewaan, warga binaan mencoba berlapang dada dengan mengambil hikmah dari pengalaman mereka dan melaksanakan kegiatan positif secara maksimal seperti apa yang dialami pada fase resolusi dan fase berfungsi dengan efektif. Kontribusi penelitian ini secara akademis adalah memberikan kontribusi terhadap perkembangan studi ilmu komunikasi melalui teori fenomenologi. Secara metodologis, penelitian ini diharapkan menambah pemahaman mengenai metode fenomenologi. Secara sosial, penelitian ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat mengenai adaptasi yang dilalui warga binaan pemasyarakatan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Pemuda.
Komunikasi Gender
Authors: Ardiyanto Erik 
Published: August 2021

Istilah gender merupakan konstruksi sosial yang bertujuan untuk menyetarakan laki – laki dan perempuan dalam masyarakat. Sejak awal perempuan selalu dinilai tidak mempunyai akses dan kesempatan yang setara dengan laki – laki dalam sektor pekerjaaan. Keadaan ini ditengarai ikut menghambat perempuan dalam mengapai karirnya. Komunikasi merupakan alat konstruksi kesetaraan dalam kaitanya dengan gender dan pekerjaan. Dengan komunikasi yang setara antara laki – laki dan perempuan dalam karir diharapkan akan mewujudkan kesetaran dalam dunia kerja serta mengurangi kultur patriarki. Keadaan tersebut tentu akan ikut mendorong kesempatan perempuan dalam menggapai karirnya. Penelitian ini berusaha menjelaskan bentuk komunikasi gender perempuan karir di Kota Jakarta. Sedangkan fokus penelitian ini adalah ingin menguraikan bentuk komunikasi gender yang terbagi menjadi tiga hal yang meliputi: perempuan karir, makna bahagia dan citra diri di sosial media. Teori dalam penelitian ini mengunakan teori komunikasi feminisme dengan menitik beratkan pada pengalaman empiris para narasumber selama bekerja. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawacara mendalam dan pengumpulan data terhadap sepuluh perempuan karir di Jakarta yang terbagi menjadi pekerja formal dan informal. Hasil penelitian ini masih menunjukan bahwa masih banyak bentuk ketidakdilan gender dalam pekerjaan perempuan yang masih menghambatnya dalam karir. Serta perempuan karir yang lebih mengejar passion dalam bekerja terdapati lebih bahagia dalam hidup. Juga pekerja sektor informal yang memanfatkan media sosial sebagai medium pekerjaan terdapati lebih mempunyai penghasilan lebih tinggi dibanding pekerja formal