bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint modelling of multivariate longitudinal clinical laboratory safety outcomes, concomitant medication and clinical adverse events: Application to artemisinin-based treatment during pregnancy clinical trial
Authors: Patson Noel , Mukaka Mavuto , D’Alessandro Umberto , Chapotera Gertrude , Mwapasa Victor , Mathanga Don , Kazembe Lawrence , Laufer Miriam K , Chirwa Tobias 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background In drug trials, clinical adverse events (AEs), concomitant medication and laboratory safety outcomes are repeatedly collected to support drug safety evidence. Despite the potential correlation of these outcomes, they are typically analysed separately, potentially leading to misinformation and inefficient estimates due to partial assessment of safety data. Using joint modelling, we investigated whether clinical AEs vary by treatment and how laboratory outcomes (alanine amino-transferase, total bilirubin) and concomitant medication are associated with clinical AEs over time following artemisinin-based antimalarial therapy. Methods We used data from a trial of artemisinin-based treatments for malaria during pregnancy that randomized 870 women to receive artemether–lumefantrine (AL), amodiaquine–artesunate (ASAQ) and dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine (DHAPQ). We fitted a joint model containing four sub-models from four outcomes: longitudinal sub-model for alanine aminotransferase, longitudinal sub-model for total bilirubin, Poisson sub-model for concomitant medication and Poisson sub-model for clinical AEs. Since the clinical AEs was our primary outcome, the longitudinal sub-models and concomitant medication sub-model were linked to the clinical AEs sub-model via current value and random effects association structures respectively. We fitted a conventional Poisson model for clinical AEs to assess if the effect of treatment on clinical AEs (i.e. incidence rate ratio (IRR)) estimates differed between the conventional Poisson and the joint models, where AL was reference treatment.Results Out of the 870 women, 564 (65%) experienced at least one AE. Using joint model, AEs were associated with the concomitant medication (log IRR 1.7487; 95% CI: 1.5471, 1.9503; p<0.001) but not the total bilirubin (log IRR: -0.0288; 95% CI: -0.5045, 0.4469; p=0.906) and alanine aminotransferase (log IRR: 0.1153; 95% CI: -0.0889, 0.3194; p=0.269). The Poisson model underestimated the effects of treatment on AE incidence such that log IRR for ASAQ was 0.2118 (95% CI: 0.0082, 0.4154; p=0.041) for joint model compared to 0.1838 (95% CI: 0.0574, 0.3102; p=0.004) for Poisson model.Conclusion We demonstrated that although the AEs did not vary across the treatments, the joint model yielded efficient AE incidence estimates compared to the Poisson model. The joint model showed a positive relationship between the AEs and concomitant medication but not with laboratory outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00852423.
The regulation of miR-320a/XBP1 axis through LINC00963 for endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Cui Yuying , Xu Hui , Yang Yu , Zhao Dongmei , Wen Yu , Lv Chao , Qiu Hongbin , Wang Chennan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Huge amounts of gene-sequencing data have been used to guide fundamental researches. The study combined bioinformatics tools with basic study to analyze the pathological mechanisms of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Methods: A LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network of diffuse large B cell lymphoma was constructed by GTEx combined with TCGA database analysis. qPCR was used to detect the expression of LINC00963 and miR-320a in DLBCL cell lines. The proteins levels of UPR sensors, GRP78, p-IRE1α, IRE1α, active ATF6, ATF4 and XBP1, were assessed through Western blot, along with apoptosis markers (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 3) and autophagy indicators (Beclin1, LC3II, LC3I and p62) after LINC00963 overexpression or miR-320a overexpression in vitro. Additionally, the expression of LC3 was analyzed through immunofluorescence (IF) assay. Results: Evaluation of SUDHL4 cell showed marked up-regulation of key elements of the UPR (GRP78, p-IRE1α, spliced XBP-1(XBP-1(s))), apoptosis (Bax, cleaved caspase 3) and autophagy (Beclin1, LC3II) after LINC00963 overexpression in vitro, whereas miR-320a mimic reversed the effects. Besides, LINC00963 targeted miR-320a while miR-320a bound to the 3’UTR of XBP1. The work also found that LINC00963 overexpression resulted in significant tumor growth delay in a xenograft model of DLBCL. Conclusion: Mechanistically, LINC00963 / miR-320a regulated XBP1-apoptosis pathway and autophagy, making this pathway an attractive therapeutic target for selective targeting. The data presented here are the first to comprehensively survey the mechanism of LINC00963 / miR-320a/XBP1 in DLBCL.
Translation, Adaptation and Validation of an Arabic Version of Human Resource Practices Scale among Nurses
Authors: El-Gazar Heba , Zoromba Mohamed , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Human resource practices (HRP) have a unique role in healthcare organizations, especially among nurses. Therefore, a valid and reliable tool to measure HRP is crucial. The present study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Human resource practices (HRP) scale into Arabic language among nurses. Methods: A methodological study was applied in a sample of 328 nurses from 16 hospitals in Port-Said, Egypt. Face, content, construct and concurrent validity were assessed. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) to test reliability were evaluated. Results: The Arabic version of HRP scale had good content validity with I-CVI ranged from 0.727 to 1 and S-CVI with the average approach 0.961. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a better fit for the second-order model consisting of performance enhancement and employee support factors (CFI, NFI and RMSEA= 0.932, 0.926, and 0.064; respectively). The Arabic version of HRP scale correlated significantly with performance excellence and nurses' performance (r= 0.701, and 0.565; respectively), indicating good concurrent validity. Internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha was 0.95 and the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.91 for the total scale showed good reliability. Conclusion: The Arabic version of HRP scale showed evidence of validity and reliability, and it could be recommended for use in clinical and research settings to assess HRP among Arabic nurses.
Refractive lens exchange surgery in early-onset high myopia patients with partial cataract: a pilot study
Authors: Zhang Xifang , Qiao Liya , Li Xiaoxia , Kline Brad , Kang Mengtian , Li Meng , Ying Han , Wang Ningli 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

By reporting clinical characteristics and retinal image quality before and after refractive lens replacement surgery in early-onset high myopia (eoHM) patients presenting with partial cataract, we emphasized the need for an objective way to grade the severity of partial cataracts.
Methods

This retrospective, consecutive case series included six Chinese patients (nine eyes). Analysis of previous medical records, visual acuity, optometry, and axial length (AXL) before surgery and 2–4 years after surgery was performed. Retinal image quality was measured by the Optical Quality Analysis System and recorded as modulation transfer function cutoff frequency (MTFcutoff) and objective scatter index (OSI) at the same time point.
Results

Five females and one male (nine eyes) with a mean (± SD) age of 11.6 ± 7.9 years were included in this study. The preoperative spherical power ranged from − 7.5 D to -42 D. The mean follow-up time was 36 (36–36) months (range: 24–48 months). Phacoemulsification was followed by in-the-bag implantation of intraocular lens. For younger patients who could not cooperate with postoperative laser capsulotomy, posterior capsulotomy + anterior vitrectomy were performed simultaneously. All surgeries were uneventful and no postoperative complications occurred during the entire follow-up period. Four eyes underwent YAG-laser capsulotomies at 12–18 months postoperatively. Initial spherical correction (treatment achieved) averaged 18.25 ± 11.15 D (range: 7.75-44 D). All patients’ uncorrected visual acuity improved by ≥ 2 lines postoperatively. LogMAR BCVA was significantly improved at 24-month (95%CI: 0.015–0.878, p = 0.042) and endpoint (95%CI: 0.008–0.909, p = 0.046) follow-ups. MTFcutoff and OSI was significantly improved at 12-month (p = 0.025, p = 0.038), 24-month (p = 0.005, p = 0.007) and endpoint (p = 0.005, p = 0.008) follow-ups. Postoperative AXL remained stable during 2–4 year follow-ups compared to the pre-operative value (p༞0.05). Eight eyes (0.89%) exhibited myopia shift (~-0.5 D/year except for case 3), whereas case 5 (age 25) showed hyperopic change.
Conclusion

Refractive lens replacement surgery is safe and effective for improving functional vision in eoHM patients presenting with partial cataract. Retinal image quality could provide a useful and objective way to facilitate partial cataract severity evaluation and surgery decision making.
Hypothyroidism symptoms in LT4-euthyroid thyroidectomized patients reflect an alteration of the serum proteome
Authors: Landi Claudia , Cantara Silvia , Shaba Enxhi , Marzocchi Carlotta , Vantaggiato Lorenza , Maino Fabio , Carleo Alfonso , Giuseppe Fabrizio Di , Angelucci Stefania , Bini Luca , Castagna Maria Grazia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In patients undergoing thyroidectomy one of the goals of post-surgical follow-up is the correct maintenance of thyroid hormone (TH) levels by replacement therapy with levo-thyroxine (LT4). Nevertheless, some patients complain of symptoms of hypothyroidism (memory loss, weight gain, fatigue, depression, and reduced quality of life) despite values of thyroid hormones get the physiological range. Since this recurrent issue, we aim to compare serum proteomic profiles of LT4-euthyroid thyroidectomized patients with good or reduced post-operative quality of life. Proteomic analysis highlights a different protein profile in the serum of patients with reduced quality of life compared to the other although both resulted euthyroid. Differential proteins are involved in coagulation processes, complement system activation and in lipoprotein particles remodeling, that together lead to a pro-inflammatory response. Moreover, a particular degradome of apolipoprotein A1, thrombin heavy chain and alpha 1 antitrypsin, was also detected. This study suggests that LT4 replacement therapy might restore euthyroid conditions in thyroidectomized patients but in some cases without re-establish body tissues euthyroidism and serum protein profiles strongly suggest a behavior similar to overt hypothyroidism.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Hong , Wang Lina , Wang Duolao , Yan Ni , Li Chao , Wu Min , Lin Jing , Jia Wanru , Liu Xi , Lv Jiaxin , Liu Yan , ma le 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Considerable attention has focused on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) role in protect against the development of cardiometabolic diseases, which has led to dietary recommendations to increase omega-3 fatty acid intake.Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and reference lists were searched for articles from inception to May 2020. Random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of omega-3 PUFAs, including α-linoleic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), with risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, cancer, and mortality.Results: 66 prospective studies comprised of 211,600 participants were identified. Individual omega-3 PUFAs showed divergent associations with the study outcomes of interest. An inverse association with risk of T2D was observed comparing extreme categories of ALA concentration (RR,0.91;95%CI,0.83-0.99), but not for the marine-origin omega-3 fatty acids biomarkers. The marine-origin omega-3 fatty acids biomarkers, but not ALA, were significantly associated with lower risks of total CVD, CHD, and overall mortality, with RRs ranging from 0.70 for DHA-CHD association to 0.85 for EPA-CHD association. Lower risk of colorectal cancer was observed at higher levels of DPA (RR,0.76;95%CI:0.59-0.98) and DHA (RR,0.80;95%CI:0.65-0.99). In dose-response analyses, inverse linear associations were observed between EPA, DPA, and DHA biomarkers and CVD or CHD risk, except for DHA-CVD association which showed a nonlinearity association.Conclusion: Higher concentrations of marine-derived omega-3 PUFA biomarkers were associated with a significantly reduced risk of total CVD, CHD, certain types of cancer, and total mortality. Levels of ALA were inversely with a lower risk of T2D but not CVD-related outcomes. These data support the dietary recommendations advocating the role of omega-3 PUFAs in maintaining an overall lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and premature deaths.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation Into The Machining Performance in Axial Ultrasonic Vibration–Assisted Cutting of Ti6Al4V
Authors: Sui He , Zhang Lifeng , Wang Shuang , Gu Zhaojun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting (AUVC) has proved to have better machining performance compared with conventional cutting methods; however, the effect of numerous and complex influencing factors on machining performance has not been clearly revealed and a recommended combination of cutting conditions has not been proposed yet, especially for difficult-to-machine material such as Ti6Al4V alloy. This paper focuses on experimental and theoretical investigation into machining performance when cutting Ti6Al4V with the AUVC method. First, a retrospective of the separation characteristics of AUVC is provided and the variable parameter cutting characteristics are demonstrated. We classify the influencing factors on machining performance into four categories: machining parameters, vibration parameters, tool choice, and cooling conditions. The relationship between these factors in terms of their effect on machining performance is established theoretically. Then, it describes experiments to determine the influence of these factors on cutting force, tool life, and surface roughness. For absolute influence, the orders for cutting force, tool life, and surface roughness are respectively cutting depth > amplitude > feed rate > rotation speed, rotation speed > feed rate > amplitude > cutting depth, and feed rate > amplitude > cutting depth > rotation speed. However, for relative influence, the order is unified as: amplitude > feed rate > rotation speed > cutting depth. Finally, it suggests a smaller feed rate, larger amplitude, moderate rotation speed, and smaller cutting depth in addition to a WC tool coated with TiAlN and used under HPC cooling condition for optimal performance of AUVC. This recommendation is based on the theoretical analysis and experimental results of cutting force, surface roughness, and tool life.
Temporal Patterns in Offshore Bird Abundance During the Breeding Season at the Dutch North Sea Coast
Authors: Erp Jens Auke van , Loon E. Emiel , Camphuysen Kees J. , Shamoun-Baranes Judy 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The expanding development of offshore wind farms brings a growing concern about the human impact on seabirds. To assess this impact a better understanding of offshore bird abundance is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate offshore bird abundance in the breeding season and model the effect of predictable environmental factors. We used a bird radar, situated at the edge of a wind farm (52.427827°N, 4.185345°E), to record hourly aerial bird abundance at the North Sea near the Dutch coast between May 1st and July 15th in 2019 and 2020.The effect of sun position, week in the breeding season, and astronomic tide on hourly bird abundance was evaluated using generalized additive modelling. Sun position and week in the breeding season had a modest and statistically significant (p<0.001) effect on bird abundance, while astronomic tide did not. Predicted abundance was higher during the day than during the night, with highest abundance in the morning. Abundance increased throughout the breeding season until the end of June, but decreased again in July. In total the model explained 18.5% of deviance in bird abundance, indicating offshore bird abundance is partially dependent on predictable external factors. The high variability in bird abundance at scales ranging from hours up to weeks emphasizes the need for long term and continuous data which radar technology can provide. The findings of this study can help improve offshore bird density estimations and provide context on the temporal fluctuations in bird abundance for marine policy making.
Faculty attendance and perception of virtual educational conferences in pediatric emergency medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Horn Ngoc Van , McConnell Jennifer , Nesiama Jo-Ann O. , Feng Sing-Yi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background:

Attendance of in-person didactic conferences is a key component of graduate medical education and training in pediatric emergency medicine. Faculty participation in didactic conferences is important, although challenges to attendance exist. The SARS CoV-2 global pandemic disrupted in-person medical education and forced migration to virtual learning. Our goal was to describe how the change to virtual learning affected pediatric emergency medicine conference attendance by faculty in the division at a large academic medical center. Participants were also surveyed to provide insight into perceptions of virtual conferences.
Methods:

Faculty attendance of in-person conferences (fellow conference from 2017–2020, resident conference from 2019–2020) was compared to attendance of virtual conferences (April - June 2020). Conference participants were surveyed to assess attitudes towards the virtual format. Descriptive statistics were used to describe variables.
Results:

The transition to virtual learning increased pediatric emergency medicine faculty attendance of all conferences. Fellows conference attendance increased from 11.8–49.2% of available faculty (3.3 to 13.8 out of 28) (95% CI -14.0 to -9.09 p < 0.001). Resident conference attendance increased from 18.3–58.9% of available faculty (5.12 to 16.5 out of 28) (95% CI -20.89 to -8.60 p < 0.001). Survey response rate including fellows and residents was 67.5% (52/77), with 88.2% of faculty members responding to the survey (30/34). Most respondents (75%) regarded the virtual format as better or equal to in-person. All respondents (100%) indicated they would keep the option to virtually attend conference in the future.
Conclusions:

Virtual conferences increased faculty attendance in both fellow and resident pediatric emergency medicine educational conferences. It was well received by participants, and most would like to continue virtual learning in the future.
Association of flow rate of prehospital oxygen administration and clinical outcomes in severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Hong Won Pyo , Hong Ki Jeong , Shin Sang Do , Song Kyoung Jun , Kim Tae Han , Park Jeong Ho , Ro Young Sun , Lee Seung Chul , Kim Chu Hyun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background To prevent hypoxia during prehospital phase is important in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) but optimal flow rate of prehospital oxygen supply is controversial. The goal of this study is to investigate the association of prehospital oxygen administration flow on clinical outcome in severe TBI patients. Methods This is a cross-sectional observational study using emergency medical services assessed severe trauma database in South Korea. In 2013 and 2015, adult patients with severe blunt TBI (abbreviated injury scale ≥3 in head lesion) without hypoxia (< 94% of oxygen saturation in prehospital pulse oximetry) were included. Main exposure was prehospital oxygen administration flow rate (no oxygen, 1~5 L/min, 6~14 L/min, 15 L/min). Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to association of prehospital oxygen supply and outcomes. Results 1,842 patients with severe TBI were included. The number of patients with no oxygen, low-flow oxygen (1~5 L/min), mid-flow oxygen (6~14 L/min), high-flow oxygen (15 L/min) was 244, 573, 607 and 418. Mortality of each group was 34.8%, 32.3%, 39.9% and 41.1%. Compared with no-oxygen group, adjusted odds (95% CI) for mortality in the low, mid, high-flow oxygen groups were 0.86 (0.62–1.20), 1.15 (0.83–1.60) and 1.21 (0.83–1.73). In the interaction analysis, low-flow oxygen showed lower mortality when prehospital saturation was 94-98% (adjusted odds ratio(AOR): 0.80 [0.67–0.95]) and ≥99% (AOR: 0.69 [0.53–0.91]). High-flow oxygen (15 L/min) showed higher mortality when prehospital saturation was ≥99% in pulse oximetry (AOR: 1.33[1.01~1.74]). Conclusions Prehospital low-flow oxygen administration was associated with lower in-hospital mortality compared with the no-oxygen group in severe TBI patients. High-flow oxygen administration showed higher mortality. Optimal flow of prehospital oxygenation according prehospital saturation could reduce mortality in severe TBI. Trial registration This study used cases retrospectively registered in the emergency medical services assessed severe trauma database.
Differential migratory movements of geographically distinct wintering populations of a soaring bird
Authors: Ogawa Ryo , Wang Guiming , King D. Tommy , Burger L. Wes , Davis J. Brian , Strickland Bronson K. , Sovada Marsha A. , Cunningham Fred L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Migratory soaring birds exhibit spatiotemporal variation in their circannual movements. We hypothesized that the circadian and seasonal movements of soaring migrants may depend primarily on exogenous factors such as thermals and wind conditions. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain how different winter environments affect the circannual movement patterns of migratory soaring birds. Here, we investigated annual movement strategies of American white pelicans Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (hereafter, AWPE) from two geographically distinct wintering grounds in the Southern and Northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Methods: We calculated average and maximum hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges of GPS-tracking AWPEs. We then evaluated the effects of circadian hours, seasons, two wintering regions in the Southern and Northern GOM, human footprint index, and relative AWPE abundance from Christmas Bird Count data on AWPE hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. Results: American white pelicans moved at the highest speed near 1200 hours at breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. Both wintering populations in the Northern and Southern GOM exhibited similar hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges at the shared breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. However, AWPEs wintering in the Southern GOM showed shorter hourly movement distances and smaller seasonal home ranges than those in the Northern GOM. Hourly movement distances and home ranges of AWPEs increased with increasing human footprint index.Conclusions: Winter hourly movements and home ranges of AWPEs differed between the Northern and Southern GOM; however, the difference in AWPE winter movements did not carry over to the shared breeding grounds during summers. Therefore, exogenous factors may be the primary drivers to shape the flying patterns of migratory soaring birds.