bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of metal–organic frameworks for oral delivery systems
Authors: Jiao Wenjuan , Chi Chengdeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been developed to be intelligent delivery systems recently. However, MOFs as oral systems have been challenging. The purpose of this perspective is to briefly review the current applications of oral MOFs and the present dilemma of oral MOFs for humans. The destiny of MOFs‐based materials within the gastrointestinal tract and the blood are discussed, and the principles that guide the development of oral MOFs‐based materials are summarized. It is expected that this perspective will provide new insights on the design and development of oral MOF‐based materials as smart carriers for keeping human health.
Hydration by colonic enteroclysis: An alternative to parenteral hydration in patients with high‐output double enterostomy
Authors: Layec Sabrina , Seynhaeve Eloi , Dussaulx Laurence , Carsin‐Mahé Marie , Barbottin Elise , Trivin Florence , Picot Denis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐output double enterostomies (DESs) result in sodium and fluid loss responsible for frequent episodes of dehydration and hospitalizations. Hydration by enteroclysis (HE) is an alternative to parenteral hydration when the small bowel, or the downstream colon, is accessible and functional.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on all consecutive patients admitted in our institution with high‐output (≥1200 ml per 24 h) DES and access to downstream intestine (including colon), who were treated by enteroclysis between 2015 and 2019. A sodium chloride and bicarbonate solution was instilled through a tube inserted in the colon. The objectives were diuresis >1 L, natriuresis >40 mmol/24 h, and urinary sodium‐to‐potassium ratio >1.ResultsHE was conducted in 52 patients (24 female, 28 male). Initially, 30 patients received intravenous support. Fifteen patients (50%) were weaned from all parenteral support, of whom 11 of 12 (92%) received fluid and electrolyte support and 4 of 18 (22%) received parenteral nutrition (PN). When intravenous fluids were still required, daily volumes decreased from 2714 ± 1424 to 1578 ± 1000 ml per 24 h (P = .001), as did the energetic intake (NS), from 1439 ± 556 to 1230 ± 362 kcal per 24 h (P = .096).ConclusionHE through the efferent intestine limits the requirement for parenteral hydration in patients with high‐output DES. For patients with intestinal failure dependent on PN, it reduces daily infused volumes.
Pediatric liposarcoma: A case series and literature review
Authors: Baday Yiressy Izaguirre , Navai Shoba A. , Hicks M. John , Venkatramani Rajkumar , Whittle Sarah B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLiposarcoma is arare soft tissue sarcoma in children. While prognosis, clinical behavior, and response to therapy among the various histologic subtypes are well described in adults, data in children are limited. Here, we describe our experience treating 14 children with liposarcoma at a large, academic pediatric center and review the available pediatric literature. This comprehensive report adds treatment, survival, and genomic data to pediatric liposarcoma literature.
Herbicidal activity of fluoroquinolone derivatives
Authors: Wallace Michael D. , Debowski Aleksandra W. , Sukhoverkov Kirill V. , Mylne Joshua S. , Stubbs Keith A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDevelopment of herbicides with novel modes of action is crucial for weed control and to hinder herbicide resistance. An attractive novel herbicidal target is plant DNA gyrase, which has been demonstrated to be effectively inhibited by the known antimicrobial ciprofloxacin. Despite this good herbicidal activity, ciprofloxacin is not suitable as a herbicide due to its antimicrobial activity; therefore, a diverse library of analogues was analyzed to gain insight into the aspects required for herbicidal activity. This analysis revealed that significant structural modifications were tolerated and that the fluoride at C‐6 and a cyclic amino group at C‐7 were not crucial for herbicidal activity. The analysis also revealed that these modifications also affected the antibacterial activity with one compound demonstrating good herbicidal activity and weak antibacterial activity, against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria.
A case of pulmonary arterial hypertension with V/Q SPECT/CT that showed localized uptake of 99mTc just below the pleura and a unique distribution
Authors: Suzuki Yuri , Sekine Ayumi , Nishiyama Akira , Sugiura Toshihiko , Tanabe Nobuhiro , Isaka Yuri , Hashimoto Yaeko , Okaya Tadasu , Kuriyama Ayaka , Nagata Jun , Shigeta Ayako , Sakao Seiichiro , Tatsumi Koichiro , Suzuki Takuji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life‐threatening disorder, which originates from various aetiologies. Ventilation–perfusion (V/Q) scanning is commonly used to evaluate the differential diagnosis of PH. Meanwhile, previous studies have shown that single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT imaging can provide a more detailed analysis for the assessment of pulmonary blood flow. However, there is insufficient evidence supporting the merits of V/Q SPECT/CT image data in detecting pulmonary vascular disease. Here, we report a case of pulmonary arterial hypertension with localized accumulation and peculiar distribution just below the pleura on V/Q SPECT/CT. Our finding is unique, and it suggests that V/Q SPECT/CT image data might be useful to detect blood flow not only in cases of pulmonary embolism, but also in the more commonly encountered PH.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of testis cords/seminiferous tubules
Authors: Nakata Hiroki , Iseki Shoichi , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDue to the development of novel equipment for the acquisition of two‐dimensional serial images and software capable of displaying three‐dimensional (3D) images from serial images, the accurate 3D reconstruction of organs and tissues has become possible.MethodsBased on published studies, this review summarizes techniques for the 3D reconstruction of the testis cords/seminiferous tubules, with special reference to our method using serial paraffin sections and 3D visualization software.Main findingsThe testes of mice, rats, and hamsters of various ages were 3D reconstructed and species and age differences in the structures of the testis cords/seminiferous tubules were analyzed. Our method is advantageous because conventional paraffin‐embedded normal and pathological specimens may be utilized for the 3D analysis without the need for complicated and expensive equipment.ConclusionBy further decreasing the time and labor required for the procedure and adding information on molecular localization, the technique for 3D reconstruction will contribute to the elucidation of not only the structures, but also the functions of various organs, including the testis.
Bilateral teleoperation of stochastic port‐Hamiltonian systems using energy tanks
Authors: Cordoni Francesco , Di Persio Luca , Muradore Riccardo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article we consider the general problem of how to properly endow a stochastic port‐Hamiltonian system (SPHS) with an energy tank, that is an energy reservoir that allows to guarantee the passivity property. We show that a stochastic bilateral teleoperation system, composed by a master robot and a slave robot modeled as SPHS, can be connected in a power‐preserving manner to energy tanks. The stored energy is continuously monitored to keep the system passive despite time‐varying communication delays and interaction with unknown environment that may destabilize the overall system. We will address latter problem considering a SPHS affected by a noise composed by a linear, multiplicative component in Itô form plus an additive one. We underline that such a scenario requires the introduction of an ad hoc notion of passivity.
Phase IV Postmarketing Surveillance Study Shows Continued Efficacy and Safety of Stempeucel in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia Due to Buerger's Disease
Authors: Gupta Pawan Kumar , Dutta Santanu , Kala Sanjay , Nekkanti Muralikrishna , Desai Sanjay C. , Mahapatra Subhendu S. , Dhar Anita , Raju Radhakrishnan , M. Rajkumar , Behera Arunanshu , P. Shivashankar , Raviraja N.S. , Viswanathan Pachaiyappan , Chandrashekar Mithun , Thej Charan , K.V. Prasanth , Abraham Jijy , Boggarapu Hema , Udaykumar K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Buerger's disease or thromboangiitis obliterans is a type of obstructive vascular diseases categorized as vasculitis and usually present in 95% of young smoker men. The main pathogenetic mechanism is interplay between immune system and inflammation. Earlier our phase II study has shown that Stempeucel is safe when injected at 2 million cells/kg body weight by virtue of its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and angiogenetic properties. The present study was conducted to further assess the safety and efficacy of Stempeucel in critical limb ischemia due to Buerger's disease after obtaining approval from Indian FDA based on the data generated in the phase II study. This is an open label, multicenteric phase IV PMS study conducted across India with experienced vascular surgeons. Fifty patients of critical limb ischemia due to Buerger's disease with Rutherford III-5 or III-6 were included in the study and each individual received a dose of 2 million cells/kg body weight of Stempeucel in the calf muscles and around the ulcer. These patients were evaluated over 12 months from drug administration. The present study showed the continued long term efficacy over a period of 12 months follow up in these patients corroborating the result obtained in the previous phase II studies. There was significant improvement in rest pain, ankle systolic pressure, and ankle brachial pressure index with accelerated ulcer healing. In conclusion, the present study shows that the intramuscular administration of Stempeucel continues to be safe, tolerable, and effective alternative treatment in patients with Buerger's disease.
A Carbon‐Based Solid Acid Catalyst Prepared through a One‐Step Hydrothermal Carbonization: Efficient Catalysts for Liquid‐Phase Nitrification
Authors: Wang Hefang , Jiang Hui , Wang Yuanyuan , Qu Shasha , Guo Xiaojun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCarbon‐based solid acid catalysts were successfully prepared by hydrothermal carbonization method and one‐pot method using naphthalene crosslinked by formaldehyde and sulfonated by H2SO4 (98 %). The characterization results showed that the catalysts prepared by hydrothermal carbonization method had more amorphous carbon composed of aromatic carbon sheets with functional groups (−SO3H, −COOH and −OH) than the catalyst prepared by one‐pot method. The preparation conditions of hydrothermal carbonization method were optimized. The F−N−SO3H‐h‐2.49 (1 : 11) prepared under optimal conditions showed high conversion of cyclohexane (48.2 %) and selectivity to nitrocyclohexan (98.2 %) at 125 °C for liquid‐phase nitrification, attributed to high acid site density (3.08 mmol/g) and amorphous carbon structure with hydrophilic functional groups. The F−N−SO3H‐h‐2.49 (1 : 11) also showed excellent thermal stability until 460 °C. The thermal stability of the catalyst is due to mutual electron‐withdrawal of aromatic carbon sheets.
Imaging and Characterization of Ni@OLC Synthesized by Microwave‐Assisted Catalytic Methane Decomposition
Authors: Kodera Fumihiro , Inoue Mitsuhiro , Nobuo Saito , Umeda Minoru , Miyakoshi Akihiko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHerein, we propose a new microwave synthesis method based on a solid‐gas phase reaction. The internal structure of onion‐like carbon (OLC) containing Ni particle synthesized via the microwave‐assisted catalytic methane decomposition is characterized. Surface morphologies are tested by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron miscroscope. Internal structural analysis is conducted using (i) scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and (ii) the cross‐section processing of individual particles using a focused ion beam, followed by the analysis of the cross‐sectioned particles using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy with EDX. Consequently, the components of the synthesized particulate powder are classified into three groups: core‐shell‐structured Ni@OLC, Ni‐dispersed carbon particles, and other components. The core‐shell‐structured Ni@OLC is composed of carbon particles with predominant Ni cores. The Ni‐dispersed carbon particles comprised carbon particles with dispersed Ni and Si. These particles are considered precursors of Ni@OLC.
A Click Reaction Enabled by Phosphorus‐Oxygen Bond for Synthesis of Triazoles
Authors: Bal Ankita , Mal Prasenjit 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSynthesis of various N−H triazoles via azidyl radical was achieved using diphenyl phosphoryl azide (DPPA) and internal alkynes containing carbonyl group in wet‐DMSO at 90 °C in excellent yield. Mechanistic investigations revealed that an azidyl radical was generated in the reaction medium. The driving force was probably due to the presence of the C=O group of ester or ketone in conjugation with the triple bond of the substrate. This resulted in cleavage of the phosphorus nitrogen (P−N) bond of DPPA by forming an allenic intermediate. The C=O group of the ester or ketone is a determinant factor that results in triazole as the outcome. The formation of the phosphorus oxygen bond resulted in cleavage of a strong P−N bond (617.1±20.9 kJ mol−1) of phosphoryl azidate in an additive free Click reaction of internal alkynes. Overall, good to excellent yield of N1‐H triazole scaffolds were synthesized following the protocol.
Efficient Polysulfide Trapping and Conversion on N‐Doped CoTe2 via Enhanced Dual‐Anchoring Effect
Authors: Song Xueqin , Tian Da , Qiu Yue , Sun Xun , Jiang Bo , Zhao Chenghao , Zhang Yu , Xu Xianzhu , Fan Lishuang , Zhang Naiqing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPolysulfide shuttling and sluggish sulfur redox kinetics hinder the cyclability and rate capability of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. The intrinsic redox kinetics of sulfur cathodes strongly depends on the interaction between catalysts and sulfur species. Herein, N‐doped CoTe2 is proposed as an effective dual‐anchoring electrocatalyst, which can simultaneously bind Li and S atoms in lithium polysulfides via ionic Te–Li/N–Li bonding and coordinate covalent Co–S bonding. The incorporated N not only serves as enhanced lithiophilic site, but also an agent to improve the sulfiphilicity of the Co site as revealed by a series of experimental and computational results. Benefiting from these superiorities, the use of N‐doped CoTe2 as a catalytic interlayer enables efficient operation of Li–S batteries in terms of impressive rate capability of 758 mAh g−1 at 4 C and very low capacity decay of 0.021% per cycle over 1000 cycles. The material and strategy demonstrated in this work may open the door toward developing more advanced Li–S electrocatalysts.
LncRNA PSMA3‐AS1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in ovarian cancer by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway via the miR‐378a‐3p/GALNT3 axis
Authors: Xu Zhihong , Jin Hui , Duan Xiaoyang , Liu Hong , Zhao Xiwa , Fan Shaoshuang , Wang Yan , Yao Tiezhu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe crucial roles of the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of ovarian cancer (OC) have been extensively studied. According to the prediction result from the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database, high expression of lncRNA proteasome subunit α type‐3 antisense RNA1 (PSMA3‐AS1) is associated with the poor prognosis in patients with OC. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA PSMA3‐AS1 in OC. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that PSMA3‐AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in OC cells and tissues. PSMA3‐AS1 silencing inhibited OC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as shown by results of cell counting kit‐8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays, respectively. Additionally, PSMA3‐AS1 deficiency suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, luciferase reporter and RNA pulldown assays implied that PSMA3‐AS1 served as a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐378a‐3p to upregulate the expression of polypeptide N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GALNT3). GALNT3 was a target gene of miR‐378a‐3p in OC. Moreover, PSMA3‐AS1 activated the PI3K/Akt pathway by upregulating GALNT3 expression. Overall, PSMA3‐AS1 promotes OC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor growth by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway via the miR‐378a‐3p/GALNT3 axis.
Exploring costs, cost components, and associated factors among people with dementia approaching the end of life: A systematic review
Authors: Leniz Javiera , Yi Deokhee , Yorganci Emel , Williamson Lesley E. , Suji Trisha , Cripps Rachel , Higginson Irene J. , Sleeman Katherine E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding costs of care for people dying with dementia is essential to guide service development, but information has not been systematically reviewed. We aimed to understand (1) which cost components have been measured in studies reporting the costs of care in people with dementia approaching the end of life, (2) what the costs are and how they change closer to death, and (3) which factors are associated with these costs.MethodsWe searched the electronic databases CINAHL, Medline, Cochrane, Web of Science, EconLit, and Embase and reference lists of included studies. We included any type of study published between 1999 and 2019, in any language, reporting primary data on costs of health care in individuals with dementia approaching the end of life. Two independent reviewers screened all full‐text articles. We used the Evers' Consensus on Health Economic Criteria checklist to appraise the risk of bias of included studies.ResultsWe identified 2843 articles after removing duplicates; 19 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 16 were from the United States. Only two studies measured informal costs including out‐of‐pocket expenses and informal caregiving. The monthly total direct cost of care rose toward death, from $1787 to $2999 USD in the last 12 months, to $4570 to $11921 USD in the last month of life. Female sex, Black ethnicity, higher educational background, more comorbidities, and greater cognitive impairment were associated with higher costs.DiscussionCosts of dementia care rise closer to death. Informal costs of care are high but infrequently included in analyses. Research exploring the costs of care for people with dementia by proximity to death, including informal care costs and from outside the United States, is urgently needed.
Next-to-leading-order study of J/ψ angular distributions in e+e− → J/ψ + ηc, χcJ at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ ≈ 10.6 GeV
Authors: Sun Zhan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present a detailed next-to-leading-order (NLO) study of J/ψ angular distributions in e+e−→ J/ψ + ηc, χcJ (J = 0, 1, 2) within the nonrelativistic QCD factorization (NRQCD). The numerical NLO expressions for total and differential cross sections, i.e., $$ \frac{d\sigma}{d\cos \theta } $$

dσ

d
cos
θ

= A + B cos2θ, are both derived. With the inclusion of the newly-calculated QCD corrections to A and B, the αθ (= B/A) parameters in J/ψ + χc0 and J/ψ + χc1 are moderately enhanced, while the magnitude of αθJ/ψ+χc2 is significantly reduced; regarding the production of J/ψ + ηc, the αθ value remains unchanged. By comparing with experiment, we find the predicted αθJ/ψ+ηc is in good agreement with the Belle measurement; however, αθJ/ψ+χc0 is still totally incompatible with the experimental result, and this discrepancy seems to hardly be cured by proper choices of the charm-quark mass, the renormalization scale, and the NRQCD matrix elements.
Early arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: is it predictive for late recurrence?
Authors: Popa Miruna A. , Kottmaier Marc , Risse Elena , Telishevska Marta , Lengauer Sarah , Wimbauer Katharina , Brkic Amir , Kantenwein Verena , Ulrich Stephanie , Kornmayer Marielouise , Krafft Hannah , Hofmann Monika , Kathan Susanne , Reents Tilko , Deisenhofer Isabel , Hessling Gabriele , Bourier Felix 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Early recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia (ERAT) is common after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF), but its clinical significance in patients with persistent AF remains unclear. We sought to determine the predictive value of ERAT for rhythm outcome after RFCA for persistent AF.

Methods
The study included 207 consecutive patients (mean age 66.4 ± 10.7 years, male 66.2%) with persistent and long-standing persistent AF undergoing de novo pulmonary vein isolation (± atrial substrate ablation). All patients remained off antiarrhythmic drugs. ERAT was defined as any atrial arrhythmia ≥ 30 s occurring within the first 30 days. Late recurrence (LR) was determined during follow-up visits scheduled 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-ablation using 7-day Holter ECGs.

Results
ERAT occurred in 143/207 (69.1%) patients as AF (60%) or atrial tachycardia (40%) and was persistent in 82% of cases. During a median follow-up of 22.2 months, LR occurred significantly more often in patients with ERAT than in patients without ERAT (92.3 vs. 43.8%, P < 0.001). The only independent predictors for LR were ERAT (OR 16.8, 95% CI 6.184–45.797, P < 0.001) and intraprocedural termination to sinus rhythm (OR 0.052, 95% CI 0.003–0.851, P = 0.038). Extending the blanking period from 30 to 90 days did not impact LR rates.

Conclusion
ERAT following ablation of persistent AF is strongly associated with late arrhythmia recurrence, which challenges the assumption that ERAT represents merely a transient phenomenon. While limiting the blanking period to 30 days seems justified, the benefit of early re-ablations remains to be addressed in future studies.

Graphic abstract
A VR-based volumetric medical image segmentation and visualization system with natural human interaction
Authors: Gao Yi , Chang Cheng , Yu Xiaxia , Pang Pengjin , Xiong Nian , Huang Chuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVolume rendering produces informative two-dimensional (2D) images from a 3-dimensional (3D) volume. It highlights the region of interest and facilitates a good comprehension of the entire data set. However, volume rendering faces a few challenges. First, a high-dimensional transfer function is usually required to differentiate the target from its neighboring objects with subtle variance. Unfortunately, designing such a transfer function is a strenuously trial-and-error process. Second, manipulating/visualizing a 3D volume with a traditional 2D input/output device suffers dimensional limitations. To address all the challenges, we design NUI-VR$$^2$$

2

, a natural user interface-enabled volume rendering system in the virtual reality space. NUI-VR$$^2$$

2

marries volume rendering and interactive image segmentation. It transforms the original volume into a probability map with image segmentation. A simple linear transfer function will highlight the target well in the probability map. More importantly, we set the entire image segmentation and volume rendering pipeline in an immersive virtual reality environment with a natural user interface. NUI-VR$$^2$$

2

eliminates the dimensional limitations in manipulating and perceiving 3D volumes and dramatically improves the user experience.