bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping Strategies Mediate the Association Between Stigma and Fertility Quality of Life in Infertile Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization Embryo Transfer
Authors: JING Xiaoyu , GU Wei , ZHANG Lu , MIAO Runna , XU Xiuli , WANG Min , Joann RAMACHDRAN Hadassah , WANG Wenru 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of coping strategies on the relationship between stigma and fertility quality of life (FertiQoL) in Chinese infertile women undergoing In Vitro Fertilization Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 768 infertile women undergoing IVF-ET were recruited from Assisted Reproductive Center of Shaanxi Province, China. The personal information, infertility stigma scale, coping strategy scale and FertiQoL scale were measured using a set of questionnaires. The multiple mediator model was performed using AMOS 21.0.ResultsThe model showed a significant negative direct effect between stigma on FertiQoL (direct effect= -2.375, BC 95% CI= -2.764, -1.987). There were significantly negative indirect effects of stigma on FertiQoL through active-avoidance (indirect effect = -0.706; BC 95% CI = -0.950,-0.497), active-confronting (indirect effect = -0.267; BC 95% CI= -0.414, -0.136) and passive-avoidance (indirect effect= -0.244; BC 95% CI = -0.368,-0.142), respectively. The meaning-based coping played a positive intermediary role (indirect effect=0.105; BC 95% CI = 0.046, 0.190). The model explained 69.4% of the variance in FertiQoL.ConclusionActive-avoidance coping strategy is the most important mediator factor between stigma and FertiQoL in infertile women undergoing IVF-ET treatment. Meaning-based coping strategy also plays a positive mediating role between stigma and FertiQoL.
Effects of Group Behavior in The Predatory Raid on Damselfish Nests By The False Cleanerfish Aspidontus Taeniatus
Authors: Sato Hajime , Sakai Yoichi , Kuwamura Tetsuo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The benefits of group behavior have been reported in a variety of animals. The false cleanerfish Aspidontus taeniatus, which resembles the bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, is the best-known example of mimicry in vertebrates. This mimicry system has been viewed as an aggressive mimicry to bite fish fins. However, recent field studies have reported that large individuals of the false cleanerfish form groups and jointly raid fish nests to eat eggs that are guarded by their parents. Since the cleaner wrasse does not form such groups or specialize in egg-eating, the feeding groups of the false cleanerfish is assumed to reduce the effectiveness of mimicry. Here, we conducted field observations to clarify the functions of group behavior in egg-eating in the false cleanerfish. The false cleanerfish formed groups of 2–12 individuals when they raided breeding nests of 13 damselfish (Pomacentridae) and one triggerfish (Balistidae). The results showed that the group behavior has two effects: a dilution effect, which reduces the risk of being attacked by egg-guarding fish, and an increase in foraging efficiency. We conclude that the false cleanerfish need to form cooperative foraging groups during egg-eating because the egg-guarding parents could see through the mimicry.
Cerebrovascular Segmentation Based on Hidden Markov Model in Phase-Contrast Angiography Images
Authors: Zhou Kangneng , Chen Cheng , Lu Yuanyuan , Guo Xinmeng , Li Wubin , Wang Huilin , Wu Xintong , Xiao Ruoxiu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Phase-Contrast Angiography (PCA) is an acceptable magnetic resonance imaging method for cerebrovascular diseases diagnosis. However, it is an important and great challenge to accurately extract cerebrovascular structures from PCA images because of the complex vascular structures and large amount of noise. To accomplish this task, this work proposes a cerebrovascular segmentation algorithm based on Local Binary Fitting (LBF) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM), which can accurately extraction features from PCA data. Results: Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), False Positive Score (FPN), and False Negative Score (FTN) are defined as metrics to assess this algorithm. Results show this method obtain higher accuracy (74.58%, 4.93%, 24.48%) than compared methods. Conclusion: Based on quantitative results, it appears that the proposed method has a higher accuracy rate compared to other methods. Due to no human correction and has no training process, it performs well on small datasets. Thus, this algorithm can accord with clinical requirements.
The Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Hydrofluorinated Germanene (GeH1-xFx): A First-Principles Study
Authors: Kumar V , Santosh R , Sinha Anita , Kumar J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The structural, electronic, and optical properties of hydrofluorinated germanene have been studied with different occupancy ratios of fluorine and hydrogen. The hybridization of H-1s and Ge-4p orbitals in hydrogenated germanene and F-2p and Ge-4p orbitals in fluorinated germanene plays a significant role in creating an energy bandgap. The binding energy and phonon calculations confirm the stability of hydrofluorinated germanene decreases with the increase of the F to H ratio. The value of the energy bandgap decreased by increasing the ratio of F and H. The optical properties have been studied in the energy range of 0-25 eV. Six essential parameters such as energy bandgap (Eg), binding energy (Eb), dielectric constant ε(0), refractive index n(0), plasmon energy (ћωp), and heat capacity (Cp) have been calculated for different occupancies of H and F in hydrofluorinated germanene for the first time. The calculated values of structural parameters agree well with the available experimental and reported values.
Is Covid-19 community level testing effective in reaching at-risk populations? Evidence from spatial analysis of New Orleans patient data at walk-up sites
Authors: Hernandez Julie , Karletsos Dimitris , Avegno Jennifer , Reed Chantell 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: This paper evaluates the increase in coverage and use of Covid-19 testing services for vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations through the introduction of community-based walk-up sites in New Orleans, LA. While most GIS work on Covid-19 testing coverage and access has used census tract or ZIP code aggregated data, this manuscript is unique in that it uses individual level demographics and exact addresses to calculate distances actually traveled by patients. Methods: We used testing data recorded for 9,721 patients at 20 sites operating in May-June 2020. The dataset includes detailed age, race and ethnicity, and testing results as well as the exact address of each individual. Using GIS, we estimated changes in testing coverage for minority neighborhoods and calculated the actual distance covered by individuals. Logistic regression and multivariate linear regression were used to identify socio-demographic variables associated with distance travelled to and used of nearest testing site. We used a secondary dataset from drive-through sites to evaluate change in coverage at the census tract level for the metropolitan area. Results: Walk-up sites significantly increased testing availability in New Orleans, and specifically in minority neighborhoods. Both African Americans and Asians were more likely (14.7% and 53.0%) to be tested at the nearest walk-up site. They also covered shorter distances to get tested. Being elderly was also significantly and positively associated with testing at the nearest site. Hispanics, however, were not associated with increased proximity to and use of nearest sites, and they traveled an additional 0.745 km to get tested. Individuals who tested positive also travelled significantly longer distances to obtain a test. Conclusions: Walk-up sites increased testing availability for some vulnerable populations who took advantage of the sites’ proximity, although inequalities appear at the metropolitan scale. As cities are planning community vaccination campaigns, mobile, walk-up sites appear to improve both coverage and accessibility for hard-to-reach populations. With adequate technical (vaccine dose refrigeration) and messaging (addressing reticence to immunization) adaptations, they could constitute a key complementary approach to health facility points of delivery.
Perspectives and Approaches of Primary Care Physicians on Diagnosing Dementia– a Qualitative Japan – United States Comparison Study
Authors: Abe Michiko , Tsunawaki Shinji , DeJonckheere Melissa , Cigolle Christine T. , Phillips Kristin , Rubinstein Ellen B. , Matsuda Masakazu , Fetters Michael D. , Inoue Machiko 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: To explore the perspectives and approaches of primary care physicians in Japan and the US on diagnosing dementia.Methods: Qualitative comparison conducted in ethnographic tradition using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Primary care settings across Japan and in the Midwest State of Michigan, US. Participants were a total of 48 primary care physicians, 24 each from Japan and the US participated. Both groups contained a mixture of the practice area (rural/urban), gender, age, and years of experience as a primary care physician. Results: Participants in Japan and the US voiced similar approaches for making the diagnosis of dementia and held similar views about the desire benefits of diagnosing dementia. Differences were found in attitudes about the appropriate timing of formally diagnosing dementia. Japanese physicians tended to make a formal diagnosis when problems that would benefit from long-term care services emerged for family members. US physicians were more proactive in diagnosing dementia in the early stages by screening for dementia in health check-ups and promoting advance directives when the patients were still capable of decision-making. Views about appropriate timing of diagnostic testing for dementia in the two systems reflect what medical or nursing care services physicians can use to support dementia patients and caregivers.Conclusions: Testing to establish an early diagnosis of dementia by primary care physicians only partly relates to testing options available. Benefits of making the diagnosis included the need to activate the long-term care services in Japan and for early intervention and authoring advance directives in the US.
CD171 multi‑epitope peptide design based on immunoinformatics approach as a cancer vaccine candidate for glioblastoma
Authors: Moghri Seyed Amir Hossein Mohammadzadeh Hosseini , Abbasian Arefeh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a common primary malignancy of the central nervous system, and one of the highly lethal brain tumors. GB cells can promote therapeutic resistance and tumor angiogenesis. The CD171 is an adhesion molecule in neuronal cells that is expressed in glioma cells; it is a regulator of the brain development. CD171 is one of the immunoglobulin-like CAMs (cell adhesion molecules) families that can be associated with prognosis in a variety of human tumors. The multi-epitope peptide vaccines are based on synthetic peptides with a combination of both B-cell epitopes and T-cell epitopes, which can induce specific humoral or cellular immune responses. In the present study, several immune-informatics tools were used for analyzing the CD171 sequence and studying the important characteristics of a designed vaccine. The results included the prediction and validation of the secondary and tertiary structure, physicochemical properties, solubility, conservancy, toxicity as well as antigenicity and allergenicity of the promising candidate for a vaccine against CD171. The immunoinformatic analysis suggested 12 predicted multi-epitope peptides, whose construction consists of 582 residues long. Therewith, cloning adaptation of designed vaccine was performed and eventually sequence was inserted into pET30a (+) vector for the application of the anti-glioblastoma vaccine development.
Lead optimization of novel quinolone chalcone compounds by a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study to increase efficacy and metabolic stability
Authors: Knockleby James , Djigo Aicha , Lindamulage I. Kalhari , Karthikeyan Chandrabose , Trivedi Piyush , Lee Hoyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many agents targeting the colchicine binding site in tubulin have been developed as potential anticancer agents. However, none has successfully made it to the clinic, due mainly to dose limiting toxicities and the emergence of multi-drug resistance. Chalcones targeting tubulin have been proposed as a safe and effective alternative. To identify the most effective anticancer chalcone compound, we synthesized 17 quinolone-chalcone derivatives based on our previously published CTR-17 and CTR-20, and then carried out a structure-activity relationship study. We identified two compounds, CTR-21 [((E)-8-Methoxy-3-(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl) quinolin-2(1H)-one)] and CTR-32 [((E)-3-(3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl) quinolin-2(1H)-one)] as potential leads, which contain independent moieties that play a significant role in their enhanced activities. At the nM range, CTR-21 and CTR-32 effectively kill a panel of different cancer cells originated from a variety of different tissues including breast and skin. Both compounds also effectively kill multi-drug resistant cancer cells. Most importantly, CTR-21 and CTR-32 show a very high degree of selectivity against cancer cells. In silico, both of them dock near the colchicine-binding site with similar energies. However, only CTR-21 effectively prevents tubulin polymerization, leading to the cell cycle arrest at G2/M and, eventually, cancer cell death by apoptosis. Perhaps not surprisingly, the combination of CTR-21 and ABT-737, a Bcl-2 inhibitor, showed synergistic effect in killing cancer cells, since we previously found the “parental” CTR-20 also exhibited synergism. Taken together, CTR-21 can potentially be a highly effective and relatively safe anti-cancer drug.
Prognostic value of metabolic parameters on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron tomography/computed tomography in classical rectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Choi Byung Wook , Kang Sungmin , Bae Sung Uk , Jeong Woon Kyung , Baek Seong Kyu , Song Bong-Il , Won Kyoung Sook , Kim Hae Won 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the metabolic parameters of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in classical rectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC). We retrospectively reviewed 149 patients with CRAC who underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT at initial diagnosis followed by curative surgical resection. 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumour volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated for prognostic significance by univariate and multivariate analyses, along with conventional risk factors including pathologic T (pT) stage, lymph node (LN) metastasis, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. On univariate analysis, high pT stage, positive LN metastasis, LVI, PNI, MTV, and TLG were significant prognostic factors affecting DFS (all P < 0.05), while CEA level, high pT stage, positive LN metastasis, LVI, PNI, MTV, and TLG affected OS (all P < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, positive LN metastasis, LVI, MTV, and TLG were independent prognostic factors affecting DFS (all P < 0.05), while CEA level, positive LN metastasis, and MTV affected OS (all P < 0.05). Thus, MTV and TLG are independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS in CRAC patients.
A Panel of Urine Derived Biomarkers to Identify and Distinguish Sepsis From Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
Authors: Tang Yao , Huang Juan , Zhang Wenyue , Zhang An , Ren Hong , Yang Yixuan , Hu Huaidong , Wang Xiaohao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSepsis is a fatal condition caused by infection. It is frequently difficult to distinguish sepsis from systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), often resulting in poor prognoses and the misuse of antibiotics. Hence, highly sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed to differentiate sepsis from SIRS.MethodsUrine samples were collected and segregated by group (sepsis group, SIRS group, healthy control group). iTRAQ was used to identify the differentially expressed protein among the three groups. The identified proteins were measured by ELISA from urine samples. Finally, all the acquired data was analyzed by SPSS.ResultsThe C-reactive protein, leucine-rich alpha glycoprotein-1 and serum amyloid A protein were differentially expressed among the three groups. The adjusted median concentrations of urinary C-reactive protein were 1337.6, 358.7, and 2.4 in the three groups, respectively. The urinary leucine-rich alpha glycoprotein-1 levels were 1614.4, 644.5, and 13.6 respectively. The levels of SAA were 6.3, 2.9, and 0.07, respectively. The sepsis group were higher than SIRS group (P<0.001) and the SIRS group were higher than healthy control group. The sensitivity was 0.906 and the specificity was 0.896 when combining the three biomarkers to distinguish sepsis from SIRS.ConclusionThe urinary C-reactive protein, urinary leucine-rich alpha glycoprotein-1 and urinary SAA has diagnostic value in cases of sepsis. Combining the three biomarkers would greatly improve the sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnoses between sepsis and SIRS.
Comparison of karyotype analysis and SNP-array in prenatal diagnosis of mosaicism aneuploidy
Authors: Wang Ting , Huang Huamei , Wu Lihua , Huang Yanlin , Li Xianzheng , Guo Li , Chen Hanbiao , Lu Jian , Jian Min 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective

To determine the best method for chromosome detection of mosaicism by comparing the results of karyotype and SNP-array in amniotic fluid,chorionic villi and cord blood.
Methods

A total of 14,805 pregnant women underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis.SNP-array and karyotype analysis were used to detect chromosomal abnormalities.
Results

A total of 169 cases of mosaicism were detected in this study.Mosaicism was found in both karyotype and SNP-array in 99(0.66%,99/14,805) cases of prenatal samples. In the remaining 70 cases of mosaicism, the results of karyotype and SNP-array were discrepant with ten cases(1.04%,10/959),forty-five cases (0.5%,45/9034) and fifteen cases(0.31%,15/4812) dectected from CV,AF and CB respectively. The mosaic positive rate of karyotype analysis only was 1.11%(164/14,805), which was significantly higher than that of SNP-array (0.7%,104/14,805), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The mosaic positive rate of combination with SNP-array and karyotype was 1.14%(169/14,805), which was higher than that of SNP-array(0.7%).
Conclusions

This study demonstrated that the combination of SNP-array and karyotype analysis may be the best strategy for the prenatal diagnosis of mosaicism aneuploidy.These two techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages, which can complement each other in clinical application.
The evolution of the metazoan Toll receptor family and its expression during protostome development
Authors: Orús-Alcalde Andrea , Lu Tsai-Ming , Hejnol Andreas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in immunity and development. They contain leucine-rich repeat domains, one transmembrane domain, and one Toll/IL-1 receptor domain. TLRs have been classified into V-type/scc and P-type/mcc TLRs, based on differences in the leucine-rich repeat domain region. Although TLRs are widespread in animals, detailed phylogenetic studies of this gene family are lacking. Here we aim to uncover TLR evolution by conducting a survey and a phylogenetic analysis in species across Bilateria. To discriminate between their role in development and immunity we furthermore analyzed stage-specific transcriptomes of the ecdysozoans Priapulus caudatus and Hypsibius exemplaris, and the spiralians Crassostrea gigas and Terebratalia transversa.Results: We detected a low number of TLRs in ecdysozoan species, and multiple independent radiations within the Spiralia. V-type/scc and P-type/mcc type-receptors are present in cnidarians, protostomes and deuterostomes, and therefore they emerged early in TLR evolution, followed by a loss in xenacoelomorphs. Our phylogenetic analysis shows that TLRs cluster into three major clades: clade α is present in cnidarians, ecdysozoans, and spiralians; clade β in deuterostomes, ecdysozoans, and spiralians; and clade γ is only found in spiralians. Our stage-specific transcriptome and in situ hybridization analyses show that TLRs are expressed during development in all species analyzed, which indicates a broad role of TLRs during animal development.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the bilaterian TLRs likely emerged by duplication from a single TLR encoding gene (proto-TLR) present in the last common cnidarian-bilaterian ancestor. This proto-TLR gene duplicated before the split of protostomes and deuterostomes; a second duplication occurred in the lineage to the Trochozoa. While all three clades further radiated in several spiralian lineages, specific TLRs clades have been presumably lost in others. Furthermore, the expression of the majority of these genes during protostome ontogeny suggests their involvement in immunity and development.