bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The BLUEDISK Survey: Thickness of H i Layers in Gas-rich Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Randriamampandry Toky H. , Wang Jing , Mogotsi K. Moses 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We use an empirical relation to measure the H i scale height of relatively H i-rich galaxies using 21 cm observations. The galaxies were selected from the BLUEDISK, THINGS, and VIVA surveys. We aim to compare the thickness of the H i layer of unusually H i-rich galaxies with that of normal spiral galaxies and find any correlation between the H i scale height and other galaxies’ properties. We found that on average the unusually H i-rich galaxies have H i disk thickness similar to that of the control sample and the galaxies selected from the THINGS and VIVA surveys within their uncertainties. Our results also show that the average thickness of the neutral hydrogen inside the optical disk is correlated with the atomic gas fraction inside the optical disk with a scatter of ∼0.22 dex. A correlation is also found between the H i scale height with the atomic-to-molecular hydrogen ratio, which indicates a link between star formation and the vertical distribution of H i, which is consistent with previous studies. This new scaling relation between the H i scale height and atomic gas fraction will allow us to predict the H i scale heights of a large number of galaxies, but a larger sample is needed to decrease the scatter.
Super-fast Rotation in the OMC 2/FIR 6b Jet
Authors: Matsushita Yuko , Takahashi Satoko , Ishii Shun , Tomisaka Kohji , Ho Paul T. P. , Carpenter John M. , Machida Masahiro N. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO (J = 2–1) and 1.3 mm continuum observations of the high-velocity jet associated with the FIR 6b protostar located in the Orion Molecular Cloud-2. We detect a velocity gradient along the short axis of the jet in both the red- and blueshifted components. The position–velocity diagrams along the short axis of the redshifted jet show a typical characteristic of a rotating cylinder. We attribute the velocity gradient in the redshifted component to rotation of the jet. The rotation velocity (>20 km s−1) and specific angular momentum (>1022 cm2 s−1) of the jet around FIR 6b are the largest among all jets in which rotation has been observed. By combining disk wind theory with our observations, the jet launching radius is estimated to be in the range of 2.18–2.96 au. The rapid rotation, large specific angular momentum, and a launching radius far from the central protostar can be explained by a magnetohydrodynamic disk wind that contributes to the angular momentum transfer in the late stages of protostellar accretion.
De l’analyse du parcellaire aux dynamiques intra-urbaines : apport de l’archéogéographie à la compréhension de l’évolution de l’espace parisien sur le temps long
Authors: Hermenault Léa 
Published: July 2021

L’analyse archéogéographique d’un territoire permet de saisir certaines de ses dynamiques internes mais aussi de réfléchir à leurs mécanismes de transmission sur le temps long. Appliquée, dans cet article, au territoire parisien ancien, cette démarche permet de repérer à l’intérieur de ce dernier des sous-ensembles organisés par des logiques socio-économiques différentes, grâce à une compilation d’informations provenant de sources écrites et planimétriques. L’analyse de plusieurs corpus de données permet de constater le maintien sur le temps long de ces sous-ensembles et engage à explorer le rôle du bâti et des limites parcellaires dans cette persistance : les composantes matérielles d’un territoire apparaissent comme étant un des éléments qui, en interaction avec d’autres, participe à son maintien dans le temps.
L’albâtre de Beuda (Gérone, Catalogne, Espagne), un matériau marqueur de la sculpture gothique en France méridionale révélé par les analyses multi-isotopiques (S, O, Sr)
Authors: Bromblet Philippe , Kloppmann Wolfram , Leroux Lise , Le Pogam Pierre-Yves , Morte García Carmen , Muñoz del Pozo Alicia 
Published: July 2021

Dans le cadre d’un programme d’identification des sculptures en albâtres du Moyen Âge et de la Renaissance en France, une dizaine d’œuvres a été étudiée dans un triangle compris entre Perpignan, Toulouse et Narbonne. Les analyses minéralogiques et isotopiques (S, O, Sr) montrent que ces œuvres gothiques des xive et xve siècles ont été réalisées avec un albâtre gypseux d’une provenance unique, extrait en Catalogne sud, sur la commune de Beuda près de Gérone. Cet albâtre, qui était très apprécié dès le début du xive siècle en Catalogne puis dans toute la Couronne d’Aragon, s’est diffusé progressivement dans une grande partie de la péninsule Ibérique. Il a eu aussi les faveurs des sculpteurs au nord des Pyrénées dans les différents territoires qui vont former à partir du milieu du xive siècle le Languedoc royal rattaché au royaume de France. Alors qu’à la même époque des albâtres d’autres provenances (Angleterre, Alpes…) étaient utilisés en Aquitaine ou en Provence voisines, l’albâtre de Beuda apparaît clairement comme un marqueur de ces sculptures gothiques liées à l’émergence d’une production artistique spécifique en France méridionale.
Première identification archéologique d’un écobuage médiéval : le site de Vaudes « Les Trappes » (Aube)
Authors: Guiblais-Starck Arthur , Menbrivès Clément , Coubray Sylvie , Dandurand Grégory , Giosa Alain , Martin Sophie , Petit Christophe 
Published: July 2021

La mise au jour en 2014 de structures rubéfiées et noircies à Vaudes « Les Trappes » (Aube) a conduit à la réalisation de fouilles préventives par l’Inrap sur une surface d’environ 8 000 m² afin d’identifier leur origine, anthropique ou naturelle. La morphologie de ces vestiges, dépourvus d’indices de contexte domestique ou artisanal, rappelle celle de faits fréquemment découverts lors de diagnostics archéologiques, enregistrés a priori comme le résultat de feux liés à des chablis ou des souches d’arbres. L’importante densité des structures, formant un niveau stratigraphique discontinu sur près de 350 mètres apparaissait ici particulièrement pertinente pour caractériser plus précisément les modalités de leur formation. La fouille archéologique, couplée à des caractérisations géoarchéologiques (étude stratigraphique, granulométrie, analyse élémentaire, susceptibilité magnétique, colorimétrie, micromorphologie) et paléoenvironnementales (malacologie, anthracologie, carpologie) confirme que ces structures résultent d’un phénomène de combustion in situ complexe, et cela dans un milieu relativement ouvert et humide. La confrontation de ces résultats à la documentation technique et ethnographique des feux naturels et agro-sylvo-pastoraux nous permet d’interpréter ces structures comme les résidus de fourneaux de combustion tels qu’employés dans un écobuage au sens classique. Leur datation autour des xie-xiie siècles atteste ainsi cette pratique agricole méconnue plusieurs siècles avant sa première mention historique et démontre la nécessité d’une plus grande considération de ce type de découverte, en dépit des difficultés pouvant apparaitre pour enregistrer et caractériser des vestiges parfois énigmatiques.
The Bronze age amber industry in northern Italy in light of high-resolution 3D imaging
Authors: Angelini Ivana , Vidale Massimo 
Published: July 2021

We summarize here the preliminary results of the experimental application of high-resolution 3D imaging to the study and reconstruction of the chaîne opératoire of amber bead-making in the northern Italian peninsula in the 2nd millennium BC. Amber, an unusually soft raw material that is highly sensible to any kind of physical and chemical change, records a spectrum of archaeological information that was almost unimaginable until recently. We show how the examination of manufacturing waste and finished beads using opto-digital microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), and considering the interactions with post-manufacturing use-wear traces, reveals unexpected evidence about the beads’ biography, emphasizing, in first place, the probable important role of the heat-treatment of amber with metal tools.
Vers une triple sémiotisation ?
Authors: Daghé Sandrine Aeby 
Published: July 2021

En didactique du français, la notion de double sémiotisation développée par Schneuwly (2000) s’inscrit dans une théorisation de l’activité enseignante comme un travail. Ce travail implique : a) de rendre présent l’objet aux élèves comme un objet qu’ils doivent apprendre ; et b) de guider leur attention sur ses aspects essentiels et d’en sélectionner les composantes et caractéristiques principales à repérer et à exercer. Or, la mise à l’épreuve méthodologique de la double sémiotisation dans le cadre de séquences d’enseignement de lecture littéraire avec des élèves de 15 à 16 ans laisse apparaitre une troisième forme de sémiotisation, visant à assurer l’ancrage énonciatif et le sens des activités scolaires.
Unusual Abdominal Wall Abscess Post-Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Thimmegowda Prashanth Annayyanapalya , Lakshman Krish 
Published: July 2021

Cholecystectomy is the most commonly performed operation worldwide nowadays. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard treatment of gallstones. We present a case of an 81-year-old male with a 3-months’ history of loss of appetite and weight with no associated symptoms. The patient had undergone an LC for symptomatic cholelithiasis 1 year previously, with an uneventful recovery. The clinical examination was essentially normal. A computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis showed thickening of the right perihepatic peritoneum measuring 15 × 15 × 3.5 cm, suggestive of chronic granulomatous lesion or atypical mesothelioma. We performed a diagnostic laparoscopy and found the lesion to be an abdominal wall abscess. The abscess cavity was deroofed, the pus was drained and a thorough wash out given. Surprisingly no stones or any foreign body were found in the cavity. Histology of the abscess wall showed non-specific inflammation. We report this case as a post-LC abdominal wall abscess with two peculiar features – (a) no systemic or local symptoms, and (b) no association with spilt gallstones or other foreign bodies like sutures.
Association Between Serum Sodium Abnormalities and Clinicoradiologic Parameters in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Mwachaka Philip , Amayo Angela , Mwang’ombe Nimrod , Kitunguu Peter 
Published: July 2021

Background: Secondary brain insults after traumatic brain injury such as electrolyte dysfunctions are associated with poor outcomes. This study aimed at determining the incidence of serum sodium ion abnormalities and their association with clinicoradiological parameters.
Methods: A prospective crosssectional study of one hundred and seventeen patients with severe head injury. Data collected included patient demographics, prehospital interventions, clinical examination findings, computed tomography (CT) scan head findings, serum sodium ion levels (at admission and 48 h later), and outcome (30 days).
Results: At admission, 93(79.5%) patients had normal serum sodium ion levels. However, 48 h post-admission, hypernatremia was prevalent in 56(63.6%) patients (p < 0.001). Hypernatremia was significantly associated with the use of mannitol (p = 0.036), lower Glasgow Coma Score (p = 0.047), higher Injury Severity Score (p = 0.015), presence of subdural hematoma (p = 0.044), midline shift >5 mm (p = 0.048), compressed/absent basal cistern (p = 0.010), and higher Rotterdam CT Score (p = 0.003). Hypernatremia reported 48 h postadmission was associated with a high 30-day mortality rate [odds ratio (OR) 3.55, p = 0.0095]. Risk of mortality associated with hyponatremia and hypernatremia at admission was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: While both hyponatremia and hypernatremia can occur in serious TBI patients, hypernatremia predominates 48 hours post- admission and is associated with statistically significant increased risk of death.
Operative Management and Outcomes of Patients with Sigmoid Volvulus at a Tertiary Public Hospital in Malawi
Authors: Bitilinyu-Bangoh Ephraim , Mwale Fatsani , Ulunji Chawinga Loveness , Mulima Gift 
Published: July 2021

Background: Sigmoid Volvulus (SV) is a common cause of acute bowel obstruction in Malawi. We aimed to describe the surgical management of SV and its outcomes at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records from January 2019 to December 2019 of all SV patients, aged 18 years and above. Data extracted included age, sex, admission date, surgery date, bowel viability at time of surgery, procedure done, suspected anastomotic leakage, length of hospital stay and mortality. The data was analyzed using STATA 14.0.
Results: There were more males (n= 59, 81.9 %) than females. The median (IQR) age was 50.5 (38-60) years. A viable sigmoid colon was present in 61 (84.7%) patients. The commonest procedures done were sigmoid resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) (59.7%, n=43) and Hartmann’s procedure (HP) (36.1%, n=26). The median length of hospital stay was 5 days in HP, 7 days in RPA and longest in mesosigmoidopexy (10 days). Suspected anastomotic leakage occurred in 2(4.7%) patients. The overall mortality was 6.9% with all deaths occurring in RPA patients.
Conclusion: Mortality is high in SV patients who undergo RPA. We recommend Hartmann’s procedure in cases where the bowel has significant oedema or is gangrenous.
Effects of MOF6 Fraction from Ethanolic Extract of the Leaves of Moringa oleifera against Sodium Arsenite-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Ameen Mubarak , Akinlolu Adelaja , Abdulhamid Mukadam , Biliaminu Muheen , Ajiboye Olaolu , Yahya Rahmat , Abdulrahman Bashir , Oyetunji Oyepegu , Rotimi Mojishola , Nejo Victoria , Omotoso Gabriel 
Published: July 2021

Moringa oleifera (MO) is a plant of significant medicinal importance. The dried leaves of MO were pulverized, extracted with ethanol and fractionated using column chromatography to provide seven fractions (MOF1-7) with MOF6 having the best preliminary antioxidant potential. Therefore, this study evaluated the hepatoprotective potentials of MOF6 in sodium arsenite (SA)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups of five rats each. Control Group I received normal saline. Groups II and III received 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) of SA for 3 and 6 weeks, respectively. Groups IV and V received 20 mg/kg bw of SA for 3 weeks followed by treatment with 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bw of fraction MOF6, respectively, for 6 weeks. Groups VI and VII received only 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bw of fraction MOF6, respectively, for 6 weeks. Antioxidant (lipid peroxidation) and biochemical analyses of liver enzymes of all rats were carried out after the completion of experimental procedures. Results showed statistically significant lower mean values (p ≤ 0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA), acid phosphatase (ACP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in rats of Groups IV and V compared with Group III. However, there were statistically significant higher mean values (p ≤ 0.05) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in Groups IV and V compared with Groups I and III. In conclusion, these results implied that fraction MOF6 has antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials. However, results of ALP analyses implied that MOF6 possibly augmented SA-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Antimalarial Activity of the 80% Methanol Leaf Extract and Solvent Fractions of Stephania abyssinica (Dill. & A. Rich.) Walp. against Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice
Authors: Zemene Mekuanent , Geta Mestayet , Huluka Solomon Assefa , Birru Eshetie Melese 
Published: July 2021

Malaria continues to be a global public health threat. In Africa, malaria accounts for a substantial morbidity and mortality. The emergence of drug resistant malaria parasites and subsequent decrement in effectiveness of current antimalarial medications have complicated malaria control. This urged developing an effective alternative antimalarial agent. Leaves and root of Stephania abyssinica (Dill. & A. Rich.) Walp. is traditionally used for the treatment of malaria in east African countries such as Ethiopia and proved for its in vitro antimalarial efficacy. Hence, this study aimed at evaluating the antimalarial activity of S. abyssinica. Cold maceration technique was employed to prepare the 80% methanol crude extract followed by fractionation using n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The in vivo antimalarial property of different dose levels (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) of the hydroalcoholic extract and solvent fractions were investigated using prophylactic and 4-day suppressive mice models, against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA strain). Highest (400 mg/kg) doses of the hydroalcoholic extract and solvent fractions (hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate) exhibited a statistically significant (p < 0.001) chemosuppressive activities. The chloroform fraction revealed the highest chemosuppresion (55.80%) and chemoprophylactic (57.59%) potency in 4-day suppressive and prophylactic tests, respectively, at 400 mg/kg dose level. Furthermore, 400 mg dose of the chloroform fraction significantly prevented malaria associated haemolysis as compared to vehicle treated group in both prophylactic (p < 0.05) and suppressive (p < 0.01) models. In conclusion, the current study gave evidence that the plant has a potential antimalarial activity against P. berghei, which upholds traditional claims and justifies a need to undertake advanced pharmacological and toxicological investigations.
Assessment of Ore Grade Estimation Methods for Structurally Controlled Vein Deposits - A Review
Authors: Abuntori C. A. , Al-Hassan S. , Mireku-Gyimah D. 
Published: July 2021

Resource estimation techniques have upgraded over the past couple of years, thereby improving resource estimates. The classical method of estimation is less used in ore grade estimation than geostatistics (kriging) which proved to provide more accurate estimates by its ability to account for the geology of the deposit and assess error. Geostatistics has therefore been said to be superior over the classical methods of estimation. However, due to the complexity of using geostatistics in resource estimation, its time-consuming nature, the susceptibility to errors due to human interference, the difficulty in applying it to deposits with few data points and the difficulty in using it to estimate complicated deposits paved the way for the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to be applied in ore grade estimation. AI techniques have been employed in diverse ore deposit types for the past two decades and have proven to provide comparable or better results than those estimated with kriging. This research aimed to review and compare the most commonly used kriging methods and AI techniques in ore grade estimation of complex structurally controlled vein deposits. The review showed that AI techniques outperformed kriging methods in ore grade estimation of vein deposits.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, Geostatistics, Kriging, Mineral Resource, Grade
Application of Split Desktop Image Analysis and Kuz-Ram Empirical Model for Evaluation of Blast Fragmentation Efficiency in a Typical Granite Quarry
Authors: Idowu K. A. , Olaleye B. M. , Saliu M. A. 
Published: July 2021

Evaluation of fragmentation efficiency is an integral aspect of blasting operation. This study therefore assesses the efficiency of fragmentation size at Eminent granite quarry, Ibadan, Nigeria using Split Desktop software and Kuz-Ram empirical model. Five muckpiles of blasted rocks with the same blast design were analysed. The muckpile images were captured using smart high precision digital camera and uploaded into computer for Split Desktop analysis. The results of the fragment size distribution obtained from Kuz-Ram vary slightly with that of the Split Desktop but follow similar trend. The average values of F80 and F90 from the Split Desktop image analysis were 90.96 cm and 98.24 cm respectively. The Kuz-Ram model values for F80 and F90 were 88.52 cm and 92.95 cm respectively. The results of the Split Desktop were compared to the results obtained from the Kuz-Ram experiential model. The findings showed that the results obtained from Kuz-Ram empirical model were in conformity with the results from the Split Desktop software based on empirical relationship. Hence, the model is good for preliminary evaluation of blast design.

Keywords: Blasting, Particle Size Distribution, Split Desktop Software, Muckpile, Fragmentation Indicator
Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Health Risk Levels of TSP and PM10 in the Mining Town of Tarkwa, Ghana
Authors: Krampah F. , Amegbey N. , Ndur S. 
Published: July 2021

Particulate matter (PM) varies significantly in space and time. Effective PM risk analysis requires adequate knowledge of the spatial and temporal distribution of PM. In order to understand TSP/PM10 variability within the microclimate of Tarkwa and their potential impact. The Spatio-temporal distribution of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) and PM10 in Tarkwa was studied. Five years TSP and PM10 monthly concentration data from fifteen (15) monitoring stations were collected and analysed for Spatio-temporal characteristics within the suburbs around three mining companies in Tarkwa. Autocorrelation between neighbouring suburbs, attainment rate, particle size distribution and risk levels were evaluated. The results revealed that all the monitoring stations except two (stations NV and TN) recorded TSP and PM10 concentrations below the national guideline for all years of study. Geo-spatially, highest TSP and PM10 risk level were recorded East of Tarkwa. Inhalable particles constitute about 44.09-72.90% of TSP. Attainment values between 44.09%-100% and 30%-100% were recorded for TSP and PM10, respectively. Estimated AQI values ranged between good and unhealthy for sensitive groups. Future studies directed at the chemical composition of PM was recommended to enhance further understanding of the risk levels.

Keywords: Particulate Matter, Attainment Rate, Air Pollution, Trends, Particle Size Distribution
Effect of optimizing process variables on the quality characteristics of cassava-wheat composite bread
Authors: Olurin Taiwo O. , Dudu Olayemi E. , Olaniyan Adeola M. , Ogunmoyela Olugbenga A. B. 
Published: July 2021

The optimisation of bread-making process can have a positive impact in ramping up the quality characteristics of cassava-wheat bread to that of whole wheat bread. In this study, a threevariable Box-Behnken design response surface methodology was employed to investigate and optimise independent variables namely cassava flour composition, water content and proofing time in relation to response variables namely dough yield, loaf specific volume and loaf protein of cassava-wheat-composite bread. The data from the experimental design were fitted into second-order regression models and their validity and reliability were confirmed by analysis of variance. Optimal cassava flour composition, water content and proofing time were derived as; 100 g/kg, 589 g/kg and 90 min, respectively. It was revealed that cassava flour composition had the most effect on the quality characteristics of cassava-wheat-composite bread. At constant cassava flour composition, increase in water content and proofing time had a positive effect on all the studied quality characteristics of cassava-wheat composite bread. Increase cassava flour composition regardless of proofing time and water content had a negative effect on loaf specific volume and protein. This study has provided bread-making conditions which can be utilised in enhancing the consumer acceptability of cassava-wheat composite bread.