bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in a rural community, central Thailand
Authors: Viwatrangkul Patipan , Lawanwisut Sakda , Leekhaphan Pondfah , Prasart-intara Tatchamon , Phiensuparp Pathomphon , Prakiatpongsa Sirapat , Amnaj Promnavaporn , Phoominart Vichaya , Chanyou Krittanan , Jiratrakan Peeratuth , Klumnaimueang Pisit , Pipitdaecha Nattapat , Panchamawat Rawin , Tangkongpanich Pannathorn , Mungthin Mathirut , Rangsin Ram , Sakboonyarat Boonsub 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLeft ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is considered a cardiac condition with life-threatening complications. Detected LVH is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases and death. This condition is normally diagnosed at offices. We aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of electrocardiographic-LVH (ECG-LVH) among adults in a Thai rural community. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Na-Yao rural community of Thailand in 2020. A total of 638 individuals aged ≥ 20 years were interviewed using standardized structured questionnaires related to demographic information, risk behaviors, comorbidities and anthropometric measurements. LVH was determined by Sokolov-Lyon and Cornell criteria based on the collected electrocardiograms. The prevalence of ECG-LVH among adults was 6.6%. The factors independently associated with ECG-LVH were being male (AORs 2.04, 95% CI 1.05–3.98), history of diabetes mellitus (AORs 1.01, 95% CI 1.01–1.02), and hypertensive crisis ≥ 180/110 mmHg (AORs 7.24, 95% CI 1.31–39.92). However, resting heart rate was negatively associated with ECG-LVH (p < 0.05). Our data emphasized that LVH was one of the significant health problems among adults in a rural community. This condition could lead to severe complications. Thus, effective detection and public health interventions should be provided at the community level.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in polycystic ovary syndrome women
Authors: Won Young Bin , Seo Seok Kyo , Yun Bo Hyon , Cho SiHyun , Choi Young Sik , Lee Byung Seok 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo evaluate risk factors leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurrence in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women. A retrospective cohort study of a total of 586 women diagnosed with PCOS aged 13–35 years at the gynecology department at a university hospital was done to evaluate PCOS phenotype, metabolic syndrome (MetS) diagnosis, body composition, insulin sensitivity, sex hormones, lipid profile, liver function, and transient elastography (TE). In PCOS women with NAFLD compared to those without, MetS diagnosis (Hazard ratio [HR] 5.6, 95% Confidence interval [CI] 2.2–14.4, p < 0.01) and hyperandrogenism (HA) (HR 4.4, 95% CI 1.4–13.4, p = 0.01) were risk factors significantly associated with subsequent NAFLD occurrence, whereas 2-h insulin level in 75 g glucose tolerance test (GTT) (HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.5–2.5, p = 0.70) and body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2 (HR 2.2, 95% CI 0.6–8.0, p = 0.24) was not. Among NAFLD patients who underwent TE, a higher number of MetS components indicated a worse degree of fibrosis and steatosis. MetS diagnosis and HA at PCOS diagnosis were risk factors associated with NAFLD, while 2-h insulin level in 75 g GTT and obesity were not. Although elevated aspartate aminotransferase levels were significant for NAFLD risk, liver enzyme elevations may not be present until late liver damage. Further prospective studies of PCOS women with MetS or HA are warranted to determine whether patients without liver enzyme elevations should undergo preemptive liver examinations.
MiR-199-3p enhances muscle regeneration and ameliorates aged muscle and muscular dystrophy
Authors: Fukuoka Masashi , Fujita Hiromi , Numao Kosumo , Nakamura Yasuko , Shimizu Hideo , Sekiguchi Masayuki , Hohjoh Hirohiko 
Published: March 2021

AbstractParabiosis experiments suggest that molecular factors related to rejuvenation and aging circulate in the blood. Here, we show that miR-199-3p, which circulates in the blood as a cell-free miRNA, is significantly decreased in the blood of aged mice compared to young mice; and miR-199-3p has the ability to enhance myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration. Administration of miR-199 mimics, which supply miR-199-3p, to aged mice resulted in muscle fiber hypertrophy and delayed loss of muscle strength. Systemic administration of miR-199 mimics to mdx mice, a well-known animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), markedly improved the muscle strength of mice. Taken together, cell-free miR-199-3p in the blood may have an anti-aging effect such as a hypertrophic effect in aged muscle fibers and could have potential as a novel RNA therapeutic for DMD as well as age-related diseases. The findings provide us with new insights into blood-circulating miRNAs as age-related molecules.
Biogeography of ammonia oxidizers in New England and Gulf of Mexico salt marshes and the potential importance of comammox
Authors: Bernhard A E , Beltz J , Giblin A E , Roberts B J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Few studies have focused on broad scale biogeographic patterns of ammonia oxidizers in coastal systems, yet understanding the processes that govern them is paramount to understanding the mechanisms that drive biodiversity, and ultimately impact ecosystem processes. Here we present a meta-analysis of 16 years of data of ammonia oxidizer abundance, diversity, and activity in New England (NE) salt marshes and 5 years of data from marshes in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Potential nitrification rates were more than 80x higher in GoM compared to NE marshes. However, nitrifier abundances varied between regions, with ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and comammox bacteria significantly greater in GoM, while ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were more than 20x higher in NE than GoM. Total bacterial 16S rRNA genes were also significantly greater in GoM marshes. Correlation analyses of rates and abundance suggest that AOA and comammox are more important in GoM marshes, whereas AOB are more important in NE marshes. Furthermore, ratios of nitrifiers to total bacteria in NE were as much as 80x higher than in the GoM, suggesting differences in the relative importance of nitrifiers between these systems. Communities of AOA and AOB were also significantly different between the two regions, based on amoA sequences and DNA fingerprints (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism). Differences in rates and abundances may be due to differences in salinity, temperature, and N loading between the regions, and suggest significantly different N cycling dynamics in GoM and NE marshes that are likely driven by strong environmental differences between the regions.
Massive MIMO systems for 5G: A systematic mapping study on antenna design challenges and channel estimation open issues
Authors: Benzaghta Mohamed , Rabie Khaled M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe next generation of mobile networks (5G) is expected to achieve high data rates, reduce latency, as well as improve the spectral and energy efficiency of wireless communication systems. Several technologies are being explored to be used in 5G systems. One of the main promising technologies that is seen to be the enabler of 5G is massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (mMIMO) systems. Numerous studies have indicated the utility of mMIMO in upcoming wireless networks. However, there are several challenges that needs to be unravelled. In this paper, the latest progress of research on challenges in mMIMO systems is tracked, in the context of mutual coupling, antenna selection, pilot contamination and feedback overhead. The results of a systematic mapping study performed on 63 selected primary studies, published between the year 2017 till the second quarter of 2020, are presented. The main objective of this secondary study is to identify the challenges regarding antenna design and channel estimation, give an overview on the state‐of‐the‐art solutions proposed in the literature, and finally, discuss emerging open research issues that need to be considered before the implementation of mMIMO systems in 5G networks.
Prediction governors: Optimal solutions and application to electric power balancing control
Authors: Minami Yuki , Azuma Shun‐ichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOne of the control problems drawing engineers' and researchers' attention is the tracking control with predicted reference signals. The applications of this control problem are found in electric power control systems, automatic driving systems, and so on. The difficulty of the tracking control with the predicted signal is that the prediction errors lead to performance degradation of control systems. This paper aims to shape the predicted signals based on past information of reliable reference signal and system dynamics information to reduce the performance degradation caused by prediction errors. First, a signal shaping mechanism called prediction governor was proposed, and its optimal design problem was formulated. Then, an optimal solution for the design problem was analytically derived and the performance limitation of the prediction governor was clarified. The proposed optimal prediction governor is tailor‐made for a given control system. By adding it to the control system, the influence of the prediction error generated by a given prediction tool can be minimised. Finally, the usefulness of the proposed optimal prediction governor was illustrated through an electric power balancing control problem with a microgrid system.
Gastroenterologische Funktionsdiagnostik – neue Entwicklungen und Tipps für die Praxis
Authors: Barbone Gianluca , Jochum Christoph 
Published: March 2021

Was ist neu?Achalasie In den letzten 2 Jahren wurden mehrere Leitlinien unterschiedlicher Fachgesellschaften publiziert. Zur interventionellen Behandlung der Achalasie kommen die pneumatische Dilatation, die POEM sowie die Heller-Myotomie zur Anwendung. Bei der Durchführung der pneumatischen Dilatation ist ein sequenzielles Vorgehen empfohlen (1. Dilatation bis 30 mm, 4 Wochen später 2. Dilatation auf 35 mm).SIBO Die bakterielle Fehlbesiedlung des Dünndarms ist ein klinisches Syndrom mit einem breiten Spektrum an Symptomen. Goldstandard ist die Kultur aus Duodenalsaft mit einem Cut-off von > 1000CFU/ml laut der neuen amerikanischen Leitlinie. Mit einer geringeren Sensitivität, aber hohen Spezifität ist der H2-Atemtest mit Glukose geeignet. Der Laktulose-Atemtest ist eher skeptisch zu bewerten.IMO Als intestinal methanogen overgrowth (IMO) bezeichnet man eine Überwucherung von Methan-produzierenden Prokariota, welche mittels Durchführung eines Atemtests mit Messung des Methans in der Ausatemluft nachgewiesen werden kann. Diese Kondition ist teilweise mit einem Reizdarmsyndrom vom Obstipationstyp assoziiert.COVID-19 und Funktionsdiagnostik Aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie hat in den letzten Monaten die Zahl an Untersuchungen in der gastroenterologischen Funktionsdiagnostik abgenommen – es wurden allerdings Empfehlungen zur Priorisierung veröffentlicht.
Inhalative Therapie der COPD – alle Patienten auf „fixed triple“?
Authors: Watz Henrik 
Published: March 2021

Was ist neu?
Neue Studien mit „fixed triple“ Die 3 großen randomisierten, doppelblinden Phase-III-Studien TRIBUTE, IMPACT und ETHOS untersuchten den Stellenwert der 3-Fach-Fixkombination aus langwirksamen Beta-2-Sympathomimetika, langwirksamen Muskarinantagonisten und inhalativen Kortikosteroiden (LABA, LAMA, ICS) gegenüber den 2-Fachkombinationen (ICS/LABA oder LABA/LAMA). Die 3 Studien rekrutierten Patienten, bei denen Exazerbationen in den letzten 12 Monaten vor Studieneinschluss aufgetreten waren.
Fallbeispiele zur Rezessionsdeckung zur Klasse II nach Miller mittels bilaminärer Technik
Authors: Schoenebeck Claudia 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungEs werden 4 Fallbeispiele präsentiert zur Deckung von Rezessionen der Miller-Klasse II mittels bilaminärer Technik. Allen Fällen geht eine kieferorthopädische Behandlung voraus. Die Wurzeldeckung wurde mit einem Kombinationsverfahren aus Bindegewebstransplantat (BGT) und koronalem Verschiebelappen durchgeführt. Die Vorbehandlung und die genaue Operationsmethodik wird erläutert und postoperative Ergebnisse bis 3 Jahre post operationem dargestellt. Die erreichte Rezessionsdeckung der 4 Fallbeispiele entspricht den in der Literatur beschriebenen durchschnittlichen Rezessionsdeckungen von 84–98 % nach 2 Jahren bei einer Kombination aus Verschiebelappen mit BGT. Damit wurden mittels der bilaminären Technik gute ästhetische Operationsergebnisse erreicht. Bei allen beschriebenen Fällen kam es zur Entstehung von keratinisierter Gingiva. Ebenfalls wurde eine Verdickung des Gewebes erreicht, welche einen guten und stabilen Langzeiterfolg erwarten lässt.
Oberkiefer-Lückenschluss mittels Mesialslider und digitalem Workflow
Authors: Wilhelmy Lynn , Willmann Jan H. , Goldberg Maximilian , Wilmes Benedict , Drescher Dieter 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Compliance-unabhängige Seitenzahn-Mesialisierung mittels Mini-Implantaten ist bei korrekter Indikationsstellung eine sehr gute Alternative zur Versorgung uni- oder bilateraler Lücken im Oberkiefer. Der Mesialslider zeigt eine ausgezeichnete körperliche Bewegung der Molaren. Verankerungsverluste, wie z. B. eine Abweichung der Frontmitte bei asymmetrischem Lückenschluss oder eine Kippung der Frontzähne nach palatinal, können vermieden werden. Das Finishing nach Lückenschluss mit Mesialslider kann mit einer Multibandapparatur in signifikant verkürzter Zeit oder auch durch Alignerschienen erfolgen. Der vorliegende Patientenfall zeigt, dass der kieferorthopädische Lückenschluss anhand eines digitalen Workflows vom intraoralen Scan bis hin zur Fertigstellung des Gerätes erfolgreich durchgeführt werden kann.
Invasive Pilzinfektionen bei Intensivpatienten – Was gibt es Neues?
Authors: Kochanek Matthias , Köhler Philipp 
Published: March 2021

Was ist neu?Invasive Candida-Infektionen Invasive Mykosen spielen in der Intensivmedizin eine zunehmende Rolle. Das Erkennen von Risikopatienten und das richtige Diagnose- und Therapiemanagement spielen dabei die entscheidende Rolle.Influenza- und COVID-19-assoziierte pulmonale Aspergillose Neben der invasiven Candidiasis wurden zuletzt vermehrt Superinfektionen durch Schimmelpilze im Rahmen von schweren Influenza- und COVID-19-Infektionen beobachtet. Diese treten ohne die „klassischen“ Risikofaktoren für invasive Aspergillosen auf und bedürfen daher der besonderen Aufmerksamkeit der Intensivmediziner. Die Superinfektion mit Aspergillus-Spezies bei Influenza ist insofern neu, da bislang invasive Aspergillosen nur bei immunsupprimierten Patienten beschrieben wurden. Auch bei SARS-CoV-2 fanden sich schnell Berichte von COVID-19-assoziierten pulmonalen Aspergillosen, die möglicherweise zu einer Erhöhung der Mortalität führen können.
SARS-CoV-2-Impfungen – Was muss der Nephrologe wissen?
Authors: Heine Gunnar H. , Becker Sören L. , Scheuer Anja L. , Schirmer Stephan H. 
Published: March 2021

Was ist neu?
Impfstoffe Innerhalb von nur 15 Monaten nach Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie stehen bereits mehrere SARS-CoV-2-Impfstoffe zum klinischen Einsatz bereit. Während das Zielmolekül aller prädominierenden Vakzine das Spike-Protein von SARS-CoV-2 ist, lassen sie sich anhand ihres Wirkprinzip in mRNA-basierte, Vektor-basierte und Protein-basierte Impfstoffe unterscheiden.
Bedeutung für chronisch nierenkranke Menschen Das Aussprechen von Empfehlungen für chronisch nierenkranke Menschen ist aufgrund deren geringer Repräsentation in den Zulassungsstudien erschwert – wie bei anderen Patienten mit schwerer Komorbidität. Aufgrund von urämischem Immundefekt und/oder medikamentöser Immunsuppression könnte die Effektivität der Impfung im Einzelfall relativ vermindert sein. Dennoch profitieren vermutlich gerade diese Patienten von einer Impfung, da sie ein erhöhtes Risiko für einen schweren oder gar tödlichen COVID-19-Verlauf aufweisen.
Prävalenz und Schweregrad der apikalen Wurzelresorption während der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung mit klaren
Alignern und festsitzenden Apparaturen: eine Cone-Beam-Computertomografie-Studie
Authors: Jung Britta 
Published: March 2021

FragestellungZiel der retrospektiven Kohortenstudie war die Analyse der Prävalenz und Schwere von Wurzelresorptionen, die möglicherweise im Rahmen einer Alignertherapie im Vergleich zu einer konventionellen Therapie mit vestibulärem Multibandbracketapparaturen entstehen können.
Competency-Based Education in Minimally Invasive and Robotic Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Louridas Marisa , de Montbrun Sandra 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMinimally invasive and robotic techniques have become increasingly implemented into surgical practice and are now an essential part of the foundational skills of training colorectal surgeons. Over the past 5 years there has been a shift in the surgical educational paradigm toward competency-based education (CBE). CBE recognizes that trainees learn at different rates but regardless, are required to meet a competent threshold of performance prior to independent practice. Thus, CBE attempts to replace the traditional “time” endpoint of training with “performance.” Although conceptually sensible, implementing CBE has proven challenging. This article will define competence, outline appropriate assessment tools to assess technical skill, and review the literature on the number of cases required to achieve competence in colorectal procedures while outlining the barriers to implementing CBE.
Training for Minimally Invasive Surgery for IBD: A Current Need
Authors: Kotze Paulo Gustavo , Holubar Stefan D. , Lipman Jeremy M. , Spinelli Antonino 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSurgery for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) management has passed through an important evolution over the last decades, with innovative strategies and new technologies, especially in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approaches. MIS procedures for IBD include multiport laparoscopy, single-port surgery, robotics, and the use of transanal platforms. These approaches can be used in the surgical management of both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). There are significant peculiarities in the surgical field in CD and UC, and their perfect understanding are directly related to better outcomes in IBD patients, as a consequence of improvement in knowledge by IBD surgeons. Different strategies to train colorectal surgeons were developed worldwide, for better application of MIS, usually for malignant or non-IBD benign diseases. There is a significant lack of evidence in specific training strategies for MIS in the IBD field. In this review, the authors outline the importance of adequate surgical training in IBD MIS, by discussing the current evidence on different approaches and emphasizing the need for better training protocols included in multidisciplinary teams in IBD centers throughout the globe.
Role of Simulation-Based Training in Minimally Invasive and Robotic Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Araujo Sergio Eduardo Alonso , Perez Rodrigo Oliva , Klajner Sidney 
Published: March 2021

AbstractProperly performing minimally invasive colorectal procedures requires specific skills. With a focus on patient safety, the training of surgeons on patients is only accepted under exceptionally controlled, expensive, and challenging conditions. Moreover, many new techniques in colorectal surgery have been developed. Therefore, undertaking minimally invasive colorectal surgery in modern times requires specific psychomotor skills that trainee surgeons must gather in less time. In addition, there are not enough proctors with sufficient expertise for such an expressive number of new different techniques likes transanal and robotic procedures.Studies that have demonstrated an improvement in minimally invasive surgery skills to the actual operating room in general surgery and a stepwise approach to surgical simulation with a combination of various training methods appears to be useful in colorectal surgery training programs. However, the scientific evidence on the transfer of skills specifically for colorectal surgery is extremely scarce and very variable. Thus, the evaluation of the results remains quite difficult. In this review, we present the best available evidence on the types of training based on simulation, their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and finally the results available on their adoption. Nevertheless, scientific evidence about the benefit of simulation training in minimally invasive colorectal surgery is limited and there is a need to build more robust evidence.
Training on Minimally Invasive Colorectal Surgery during Surgical Residency: Integrating Surgical Education and Advanced Techniques
Authors: Nebbia Martina , Kotze Paulo Gustavo , Spinelli Antonino 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSurgery is an ever-evolving discipline and continually incorporates new technologies that have improved the ability of the operating room surgeon to perform. The next generation of minimally invasive surgery includes laparoscopic and robotic-assisted procedures. Graduating residents may be expected to have the skills to perform common colorectal procedures using these technologies, and residency programs are developing curriculums to teach these skills. Minimally invasive techniques are challenging and learning only by observation and practice alone is difficult. This requires dedicated training and mentoring.New simulation methods have been conceived specifically for minimally invasive procedures, and these embrace a combination of virtual reality simulators and box trainers, with animal and human tissue, as well as synthetic materials. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of training in minimally invasive colorectal surgery with a focus on different types of simulators that build the basis to develop and include a multistep training approach in a structured training curriculum for minimally invasive colorectal procedures.
Study of the crystal structure of SnS thin films by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Zhao Xizhu , Davis Luke M. , Lou Xiabing , Kim Sang Bok , Uličná Soňa , Jayaraman Ashwin , Yang Chuanxi , Schelhas Laura T. , Gordon Roy 
Published: March 2021

Tin monosulfide, SnS, absorbs visible light and holds promise for thin-film photovoltaics. However, the optoelectronic properties of this material vary among the different structural phases, and control over the phase of vapor deposited SnS thin films is not well understood. In order to study the phases and crystallographic orientations of SnS films, films with thicknesses of 90 nm–750 nm were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at temperatures between 80 °C and 200 °C on amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO2) and single-crystal sodium chloride (NaCl). We show that the crystal structures and orientations of the ALD-SnS thin films vary with deposition temperature, film thickness, and substrate. We confirm the presence of metastable cubic π-SnS in co-existence with the thermodynamically stable orthorhombic α-SnS and find that the π phase is more prevalent at lower deposition temperatures. The films grown on a-SiO2 are textured, the degree of texturing increases with lower temperature or higher thickness, and the deposited phase is also thickness dependent. Upon annealing, which is known to promote SnS grain growth, all films revert to orthorhombic α-SnS. The films grown on the NaCl(100) substrate exhibit a much higher degree of texturing and show different preferred orientations dependent on the phase: π-(400) and α-(111) or α-(040). In addition, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept device made from the highly oriented SnS grown on NaCl.