bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Temporary Punctal Plugs Implanted at the End of Biaxial Phacoemulsification in Preventing Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Issa Hazem Sameh , Issa Sameh Khaled 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of temporary punctal plugs implanted at the end of biaxial phacoemulsification in preventing dry eye disease. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University; Syrian Private University; Al Andalus University for medical sciences.Materials and method: Prospective randomized controlled study, comprised 30 eyes of 30 patients with age related cataract, divided into two groups, in the first-study group( 17eyes) temporary punctal plugs were implanted through the upper punctum after biaxial phaco, while in the second- control group(13 eyes) biaxial phaco was performed without punctal plugs. Results were studied one day, one week and one month after surgery, outcome measures were uncorrected visual acuity UCVA, meniscus height, tear film break up time (FTBUT), and patient’s satisfaction. All surgeries were performed using direct chop technique.Results: the difference in UCVA between the two groups was statistically evident at all follow up intervals (P= 0.002, 0.014, 0.006 respectively). Meniscus height was better in the first group compared to the second, the difference was statistically evident one day and one week after surgery( P= 0.02, 0.03 respectively), while the difference was not evident one month after surgery. FTBUT values were better in the first group, but the difference was not statistically evident one day and one week after surgery (P=0.60- 0.21 respectively), while it became statistically evident one month after surgery (P= 0.02). No statistically evident difference was found between the two groups regarding patient’s satisfaction.Conclusion: Temporary punctal plugs implanted at the end of biaxial phacoemulsification were effective in preventing dry eye disease.
Evidence of oceanic plate delamination in the Northern Atlantic
Authors: Duarte Joao , Riel Nicolas , Civiero Chiara , Silva Sonia , Rosas Filipe , Schellart Wouter , Custodio Susana , Almeida Jaime , Terrinha Pedro , Ribeiro Antonio 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Earth’s surface is constantly being recycled by plate tectonics. Subduction of oceanic lithosphere and delamination of continental lithosphere constitute the two most important mechanisms by which the Earth’s lithosphere is recycled into the mantle. Delamination or detachment in continental regions typically occurs below mountain belts due to a weight excess of overthickened lithospheric mantle, which detaches from overlying lighter crust, aided by the existence of weak layers within the continental lithosphere. Oceanic lithosphere is classically pictured as a rigid plate with a strong core that does not allow for delamination to occur. Here, we propose that active delamination of oceanic lithosphere occurs offshore Southwest Iberia. The process is assisted by the existence of a lithospheric serpentinized layer that allows the lower part of the lithosphere to decouple from the overlying crust. Tomography images reveal a sub-lithospheric high-velocity anomaly below this region, which we interpret as a delaminating block of old oceanic lithosphere. We present numerical models showing that for a geological setting mimicking offshore Southwest Iberia delamination of oceanic lithosphere is possible and may herald subduction initiation, which is a long-unsolved problem in the theory of plate tectonics. We further propose that such oceanic delamination is responsible for the highest-magnitude earthquakes in Europe, including the M8.5-8.7 Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755 and the M7.9 San Vincente earthquake of 1969. In particular, our numerical models, in combination with calculations on seismic potential, provide a solution for the instrumentally recorded 1969 event below the flat Horseshoe abyssal plain, away from mapped tectonics faults. Delamination of old oceanic lithosphere near passive margins constitutes a new class of subduction initiation mechanisms, with fundamental implications for the dynamics of the Wilson cycle.
Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Role for Age and Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Galli Eugenio , Sorà Federica , Gianfrancesco Luca Di , Giammarco Sabrina , Metafuni Elisabetta , Limongiello Maria Assunta , Innocenti Idanna , Autore Francesco , Laurenti Luca , Chiusolo Patrizia , Bacigalupo Andrea , Sica Simona 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a frequent complication during allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). HC worsen transplant outcomes and patients wellbeing in terms of pain, medicalization and need for supportive care. Deeper understanding of HC risk factors may contribute to focus on more intense prevention in high risk patients. METHODS In this report we analyzed 237 consecutive patients who had received HSCT in order to identify possible risk factors for HC and their consequences, focusing on transplant- and gender-related risk factors.RESULTS HC occurred in 17% of patients, with higher incidence in males (21% vs 11%, p = 0.03). Risk factors for HC were age over 55 years, recipients male gender, mismatched-HLA, reduced intensity conditioning and cyclophosphamide-based graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Patients with grade II-IV acute GVHD and detectable BKV and JCV viruria developed more HC. In multivariate analysis, higher age remained independent (p = 0.013). Patients with HC experienced longer hospitalization and higher non relapse mortality (NRM). Prostatic hyperplasia (more than 40 cm^3) was found in 33% of male patients, who developed HC in 32% of cases (vs 16% in patients with smaller prostates, p = 0.032). In male patients, prostatic volume and age were independent risk factors for HC (p = 0.016 both).CONCLUSIONS Age is the major risk factor for HC, with a possible role for cyclophosphamide based GVHD prophylaxis and HLA mismatch. In male population, prostatic hyperplasia is an independent additional risk. As HC is frequent and associates with prolonged hospitalization, more intensive prophylactic strategies could be considered in high-risk subsets.
Three-dimensional change of molar position during alignment and leveling with PASS and MBT™: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Su Hong , Xu Kaiyuan , Feng Tingting , Han Bing , Chen Gui , Xu Tianmin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Molar tip back bends added on steel wire is a classical anchorage control method used in Tweed Edgewise and Begg technique. With the development of straight wire appliance (SWA), especially the wide use of Nickel-titanium (NiTi) wire makes bending up impractical in the first stage of the treatment. However, mesial movement of molars occurs when fine NiTi wire was engaged into the molar buccal tube with forward tipping prescription. This single-center 2-arm parallel randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the physiologic anchorage spee-wire system (PASS) vs MBT™ straight-wire system with regards to their capacity of anchorage control during alignment and leveling.Method: The sample consisted of 64 CL I/ CL II orthodontic patients who underwent maxillary first premolar extraction. Minimal randomization was used to select the sample. Two bracket systems were used—PASS and MBT™. The digital study models included three time points: pre-treatment(T0), the first 3 months during treatment(T1), and the first 6 months during treatment(T2). Study models of different time point were superimposed and movements of maxillary first molar, canine, and central incisor were evaluated. Results: In the first 6 months of the treatment, the maxillary first molars were tipped distally (2.67±4.59°) and moved distally(0.03±1.02mm) in the PASS group; They were tipped mesially(1.95±3.04°) and moved mesially (0.67±0.79mm) in the MBT™ group. Vertically, the maxillary first molars were slightly extruded in the PASS group – the mesial cusp 0.50±0.73mm and the distal cusp 0.18±0.67mm; however, they were intruded in the MBT™ group – the mesial cusp 0.19±0.52mm and the distal cusp 0.05±0.56mm. Besides molars, the maxillary canines also exhibited treatment difference– the inter-canine width was increased by 1.31±2.00mm in the PASS group in contrast to 2.37±1.72mm in the MBT™ group. No other difference was found. Conclusion: Compared with MBT™, PASS was better at preserving maxillary anchorage during alignment and leveling.
An Expedient Approach Towards Statistical Analysis of Formalin Business Policy Using Design of Experiment in a Petrocomplex Plant in India
Authors: Mukherjee Anupam , Roy Kunal , Jana Dipak Kumar , Khatua Pijus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Due to civilization, solvent-based paints are abundantly used for painting. Typical solvents include raw Methanol, Ethanol, cellosolve, Amylacetate, and Xylene. After painting, these huge raw solvents are emitted into the atmosphere, which continuously pollutes our environment. Global environment consciousness induced scientists to use aqua-based paints as it never emits harmful material in the atmosphere. Formaldehyde is one of the major components used to produce aqua-based thermosetting resin adhesives, used worldwide in the paints and panel industries. Perceiving the current state of formaldehyde production, development, applications in industrial sectors and demand in the trading industry, a new approach has been envisaged to revitalize the quality of formalin/formaldehyde in petrocomplex plants by the unique design of experiment model based on the collected data. The superiority of formalin depends on some primary constraints such as specific gravity, acid value and solid content of the product. The parameters which control the primary quality measuring constraints are methanol flow-rate, air-supply, and temperature during the reaction process. Based on these three inputs and three output parameters a statistical optimization analysis has been explored with the help of Box-Behnken design by exploring the robustness of soft computing tool (RSM) from an industrial engineering perspective with the overall desirability of 0.744.
Patient Reported Outcomes and Complications during Head &amp; Neck Cancer Radiotherapy before versus during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hamilton Sarah , Chau Nicole , Berthelet Eric , Wu Jonn , Tran Eric , Chevrier Melanie , Lau Victoria , Chan Matthew , DeVries Kimberly , Lapointe Vincent , Olson Robert A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study compares patient reported outcomes and treatment related complications during radiotherapy before (August 2019 -Feb 2020) versus during (March -October 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods
The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory – Head & Neck Module was used to assess curative intent H&N cancer patients’ symptoms during radiotherapy.
Results
There were 158 patients in the pre-pandemic cohort and 137 patients in the pandemic cohort. There was a trend towards more patients requiring an enteral feeding during the pandemic (21% vs 30%, p = 0.07). Weight loss was higher during the pandemic (mean − 5.6% vs 6.8%, p = 0.03). On multivariate analysis, treatment during the pandemic was associated with higher symptom scores for coughing/choking while eating (2.7 vs 2.1, p = 0.013).
Conclusions
Complication rates during H&N radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic were similar at our institution relative to the pre-pandemic era although weight loss was greater and patients reported more severe choking/coughing while eating.
Millicomposting Versus Vermicomposting: A Statistical Comparison Of The Quality Of The Resulting Organic Composts
Authors: Batista Lorena Gonzaga Dobre , Montero Leda Lorenzo , Shinzato Mirian Chieko 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The efficiency of millicomposting (M, with millipedes), vermicomposting (V – with earthworms), and traditional composting (C – no invertebrates) of vegetal waste was investigated statistically. Composting took place in closed systems to avoid external interferences during the experiments and allow monitoring of the main physico-chemical parameters. The experiments were replicated six times (n = 6). Quality was assessed via analysis of variance (one-way and Welch procedures) and post-hoc comparisons. Temperature profiles were similar in the three composting types. After 92 days, the compost volume produced in V (51%) decreased more than in M (43%) and C (44%) (p = 0.001). Organic carbon, nitrogen contents, and C/N ratios were also similar (all p > 0.1). Vermicomposting produced humus of higher nutritional quality, whereas M leachates yielded higher nutritional levels and maturity degrees. The Ca content was higher in V and M, while K and Mg were higher in V. pH, Ca, Mg, P2O5, and S contents were higher in V than in C (all p < 0,05). The leachate volumes, electrical conductivity, and Na+ and PO43− contents were similar in the three composting types (p > 0.05). pH, K+ and NH4+ contents were higher while the NO3− was lower in V than in M (all p < 0.005). The only difference observed in C was lower pH when compared to those of V. Although all three composting types were efficient in producing mature, high-quality organic fertilizers, the addition of detritivorous animals improved the composting efficiency and the quality of the final products. This study also attested the potential of millicomposting in producing good-quality liquid fertilizers.
Detection of Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions by using High Fluorescent Carbon Dots Doped With S and N as Fluorescence Probes
Authors: Liu Huadong , Xu Haoxuan , Li Hewei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, carbon quantum dots (S-N-CDs) containing sulfur and nitrogen were synthesized using citric acid and thiourea. The average particle size of N-S-CDs is 8nm. The N-S-CDs surface contains various of functional groups, which has good water solubility. The fluorescence quantum yield of N-S-CDs is as high as 36.8%. N-S-CDs emits strong blue fluorescence in aqueous solution and has good photostability in neutral and alkaline Nacl solution. N-S-CDs has unique selectivity and high sensitivity to Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions, and the lowest detection limits are 1.4μM and 0.16μM, respectively. Under the interference of other metal ions, Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions can still effectively and stably quench the fluorescence of N-S-CDs. In addition, in the detection of actual samples, N-S-CDs can effectively detect Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions in tap water and lake water.
Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Ascophyllum Nodosum Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Mishra Sunil Kumar , Sinha Saket , Singh Amit Kumar , Upadhyay Prabhat , Kalra Diya , Kumar Pradeep , Tiwari Kavindra Nath , Singh Rajan , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Arvind , Tripathi Alok , Chauhan Brijesh Singh , Srikris S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Emerging field of green nanotechnology has gained the attention of biologists due to the cost-effective and environment friendly advancements. The most preferred method being by biological means involving plants and their extracts, in the present investigation silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesised by sunlight-driven method, coated with aqueous extract (AE) of whole plant powder of Ascophyllum nodosum. High-resolution Scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), High-resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and particle size analysis were used to determine the nature of nanoparticles. The techniques confirmed the formation of spherical and particles of desired range of size. AgNPs exhibited a much greater DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical scavenging activity which was almost six to seven folds more than that exhibited by the AE alone. Anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activity was evaluated on Leishmania donovani promastigote and amastigote. This raises the possibility of utilization of green synthesised AgNPs in leishmaniasis treatment.
Compression with unified and accessible byte blocks to enhance management and analyses of UKBB-scale genotypes
Authors: Li Miaoxin , Zhang Liubin , Yuan Yangyang , Peng Wenjie , Tang Bin , Li Mulin Jun , Gui Allen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing projects of millions of persons contain enormous genotypes, entailing a huge memory burden and time overhead during computation. Here, we introduce Genotype Blocking Compressor (GBC), a method for rapidly compressing large-scale genotypes into a fast-accessible and highly parallelizable format. We demonstrate that GBC has a competitive compression ratio to help save storage space. Furthermore, GBC is the fastest method to access and manage compressed large-scale genotype files (sorting, merging, splitting, etc.). Our results indicate that GBC can help resolve the fundamental problem of time- and space-consuming computation with large-scale genotypes, and conventional analysis would be substantially enhanced if integrated with GBC to access genotypes. Therefore, GBC's advanced data structure and algorithms will accelerate future population-based biomedical research involving big genomics data.
The effect of Pressure- or Volume- controlled ventilation on inflammatory factors of patients undergoing surgery with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jiao Bo , Chen Mingyuan , Luo Xi , Chen Chan , LIU Jin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective During the COVID-19 pandemic, some patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia may have concurrent disease that must be accepted surgery. However, the extensive inflammatory response existed in this population, especially in the lungs. And various ventilation could affect the inflammation of lungs. Therefore, how to choose the ventilation mode to reduce the effect of mechanical ventilation on inflammation is an important clinical practice. We aim to investigate the effect of different ventilation modes on inflammatory factor levels of patients undergoing surgery with COVID-19 through this systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods and analysis This systematic review and meta-analysis have been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The PubMed, Embase via Ovid, Chinese Biological Medical Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) will be searched from inception to date to find relevant studies. In addition, the relevant literature was also hand-searched. Two searchers independently selected the studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of studies included. The Review Manager 5.4 software (The Cochrane library,Oxford,England) will be used for data synthesis and meta-analysis. Continuous variables were embodied by Weight Mean Differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Dichotomous outcomes were embodied by Odds ratio with 95%CI. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required because the data was collected from the published studies. Finally, the results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021251937
Testing the effectiveness of Community-Based Continuous Training Project on Improving the Domains of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness Intention Among Expecting Couples in Rural Settings of Rukwa Tanzania, A Controlled Quasi Experimental Study
Authors: Moshi Fabiola Vincent 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: According to theory of planned behavior, the intention to engage into a behavior predicts the behavior to occur. The intention to engage into a behavior is influenced by three domains which are the attitude towards the behavior, the perceived subjective norms and the perceived behavior control. The study aimed at testing the effectiveness of a Community Based Continuous training (CBCT) intervention on improving the three domains of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPCR) intention. Method: The quasi-experimental study design with control was done from June 2017 until March 2018. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to obtain 561 couples. Pre-test and end-line information were collected using semi-structured questionnaires developed using theory of planned behavior. The effectiveness of the intervention on improving domains of BPCR intention was assessed by using both independent t-test and pared t-test. Results: In comparison between groups at posttest assessment, there was a significant increase in mean scores only on perceived subjective norms in the intervention group if compared to the control group among pregnant women. Among male partners, none of the domain showed a significant difference between the intervention group and control group. In the comparison within groups, mean scores in all three domains had significant increase at posttest in both groups among male partners while among pregnant women the significant increase in the three domains were only among pregnant women in the intervention group. The predictor of change on attitudes and subjective norms mean scores were only the intervention β=0.065, p<0.05 and β=0.112, p=0.001 respectively. Predictors of change in perceived behavior control mean scores towards birth preparedness were level of education (secondary school, β=0.066, p<0.05), age at marriage (more than 24 years, β=0.069, p<0.05) and ethnic group (others, β=-0.067, p<0.05).Conclusion: The improvement brought by the intervention indicates that the intervention has the potential to significantly change the attitude and subjective norms domains of BPCR intention. The study recommends the CBCT intervention to be used in rural community to improve attitude and perceived subjective norms of BPCR intention.
Stimulating Music Supports Attention in Listeners with Attentional Difficulties
Authors: Woods Kevin , Sampaio Gonçalo , James Tedra , Przysinda Emily , Hewett Adam , Spencer Andrea , Morillon Benjamin , Loui Psyche 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background music is widely used to sustain attention, but little is known about what musical properties aid attention. This may be due to inter-individual variability in neural responses to music. We test the hypothesis that music can sustain attention by affecting oscillations via acoustic amplitude modulation, differentially for those with varying levels of attentional difficulty. We first show that heavily-modulated music improves sustained attention for participants with more ADHD symptoms. FMRI showed this music elicited greater activity in attentional networks in this group only, and EEG showed greater stimulus-brain coupling for this group in response to the heavily-modulated music. Finally, we parametrically manipulated the depth and rate of amplitude modulations inserted in otherwise-identical music, and found that beta-range modulations helped more than other frequency ranges for participants with more ADHD symptoms. Results suggest the possibility of an oscillation-based neural mechanism for targeted music to support improved cognitive performance.