bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents’ Attitudes About Gender Roles In Caregiving And Practices: Perspectives From A Community-Led Parenting Empowerment Program In Rural Kenya And Zambia
Authors: Okelo Kenneth , Onyango Silas , Murdock Dawn , Cordingley Kaylie , Munsongo Kelvin , Nyamor George , Kitsao-Wekulo Patricia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: This study was part of a project funded by the Hilton Foundation in partnership with Episcopal Relief and Development to conduct implementation research in rural communities in Kenya and Zambia. This involves testing the feasibility and effectiveness of community-based parenting empowerment in improving nurturing care of young children in rural communities in Zambia and Kenya. Few studies have investigated fathers’ roles in nurturing care of young children (birth-age to 3), particularly responsive care and stimulation (i.e. providing opportunities for early learning) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Fathers are often perceived to be mainly responsible for the provision of the family's economic needs. However, past studies have demonstrated that fathers’ involvement in parenting has great significance for the child’s holistic growth and development.Methods: Qualitative interviews and discussions with caregivers (primary caregivers and secondary caregivers) with children below three years, program volunteers (ECD Promoters and faith leaders), Moments That Matter Program implementers and government officials involved in the program implementation. The study reported in this paper aimed to establish the effects of the parenting empowerment program on more gender-equal attitudes about gender roles in parenting and actual caregiving practices by fathers (who are not the primary caregivers), after participating in the Moments That Matter (MTM) Program in Kenya and Zambia for 24 months. Qualitative data were collected at three-time points (baseline, midline and endline). Results: The findings show that the MTM Program resulted in improved gender-equal parenting attitudes and practices among mothers/other primary caregivers and fathers. Study participants reported that most fathers were actively involved in parenting and caregiving due to their participation in the MTM Program. Conclusion: The study findings provide evidence that targeted parenting programs can influence changes in perceived gender roles in parenting.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization Increased Above-Belowground Feedback of Maize In a Degraded Coal Mining Area Soil By Increasing The Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation And Allocation of Mazie
Authors: Bi Yinli , Wang Xiao , Cai Yun , Christie Peter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A three-compartment culture system was used to study the mechanism by which the AM fungus Funneliformis mosseae influences host plant growth and soil organic carbon (SOC) content in a coal mining area. A 13CO2 pulse tracing technique traced the allocation of maize photosynthetic C in shoots, roots, AM fungus and soil to detect C accumulation and allocation in mycorrhizal (inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae) and non-mycorrhizal treatments.AM fungal inoculation significantly increased the 13C concentration and content in both above- and below-ground plant parts. Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly enhanced the anti-aging ability by increasing soluble sugars and catalase activity (CAT) in maize leaves while reducing foliar malondialdehyde content (MDA) and leaf temperature to promote plant growth. AM fungi also increased P uptake to promote maize growth. Soil organic carbon (SOC), glomalin, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) contents increased significantly after inoculation. A mutually beneficial system was established involving maize, the AM fungus and the microbiome, and the AM fungus became an important regulator of C flux between the above- and below-ground parts of the system. Inoculation with the AM fungus promoted plant growth, C fixation and allocation belowground to enhance soil quality. The positive above-belowground feedback appeared to be established.
Diagnostic Stewardship Aiming at Expectorated or Induced Sputum Promotes Microbial Diagnosis in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Waagsbø Bjørn , Buset Eva Margrethe , Longva Jørn-Åge , Bjerke Merete , Bakkene Birgitte , Ertesvåg Anne-Stine , Holmen Hanne , Nikodojevic Marko , Tran To Thy , Christensen Andreas , Nilsen Einar , Damås Jan Kristian , Heggelund Lars 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
PurposeStudies on aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) vary in terms of microbial sampling methods, anatomical locations, and laboratory analyses, since no gold standard exists. In this large, multicentre, retrospective, regional study from Norway, our primary objective was to report the results of a strategic diagnostic stewardship intervention, targeting diagnostic yield from lower respiratory tract sampling. The secondary objective was to report in-hospital CAP aetiology and the diagnostic yield of various anatomical sampling locations.MethodsMedical records from cases diagnosed with in-hospital CAP were collected retrospectively from March throughout May for three consecutive years at six hospitals. Between year one and two, we launched a diagnostic stewardship intervention at the emergency room level for the university teaching hospital only. The intervention was multifaceted aiming at upscaling specimen collection and enhancing collection techniques. Year one at the interventional hospital and every year at the five other emergency hospitals were used for comparison.ResultsOf the 1280 included cases of in-hospital CAP, a microbiological diagnosis was established for 29.1 % among 1128 blood cultures and 1444 respiratory tract specimens. Blood cultures were positive for a pathogenic respiratory tract microbe in 4.9 % of samples, whereas upper and lower respiratory tract samples overall provided a probable microbiological diagnosis in 21.3 % and 47.5 %, respectively. Expectorated or induced sputum overall provided aetiology in 51.7 % of the samples. At the interventional hospital, diagnostic yield from expectorated or induced sputum was significantly enhanced from 41.2 % to 62.0 % after the intervention. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae accounted for 25.3 % and 24.7 % of microbiologically confirmed cases, respectively.ConclusionExpectorated or induced sputum outperformed other sampling methods in providing a reliable microbiological diagnosis for in-hospital CAP. A diagnostic stewardship intervention significantly improved diagnostic yield of lower respiratory tract sampling.
Ordynariat polowy a ordynariat personalny dla byłych anglikanów - podobieństwa i różnice
Authors: Dohnalik Jan 
Published: November 2021

Celem niniejszego studium jest porównanie od strony prawnej dwóch jurysdykcyjnych struktur personalnych: ordynariatów polowych (lub wojskowych) oraz ordynariatów personalnych dla wiernych wywodzących się z anglikanizmu. Inspiracją do przeprowadzenia takich badań porównawczych jest refleksja wybitnego kanonisty Gianfranco Ghirlandy, która znalazła się na stronie internetowej Kongregacji Doktryny Wiary, jako półoficjalny komentarz do konstytucji apostolskiej Anglicanorum coetibus, przez którą Benedykt XVI ustanowił ramy prawne dla funkcjonowania ordynariatów personalnych dla byłych anglikanów.
Podmioty zobligowane i uprawnione do wychowania dziecka na podstawie Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Czuba Roksana Patrycja 
Published: November 2021

Artykuł obejmuje rozważania dotyczące podmiotów zobligowanych i uprawnionych do wychowania dziecka na podstawie obowiązującego Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 roku. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie czytelnikowi danej tematyki poprzez analizę norm kodeksowych oraz wskazanie, które z podmiotów odpowiadają za proces wychowawczy dziecka.
Na wstępie dokonano próby zdefiniowania pojęcia „dziecko”. Prawodawca kościelny poprzez „dziecko” rozumie małoletniego przed ukończeniem siódmego roku życia, które nie mają zdolności rozumnego działania. Inne definicje przedstawiane są w słowniku pedagogicznym, stojące w sprzeczności z nauką Kościoła. W prawie polskim legalna definicja przedstawiona jest w Ustawie o Rzeczniku Praw Dziecka, na jej podstawie dzieckiem jest to każda istota ludzka od poczęcia do osiągnięcia pełnoletniości. Kolejno określono termin „wychowanie”, wskazując świeckie definicje. Ostatnia część dotyczyć będzie głównej analizy norm kodeksowych odwołujących się do podmiotów odpowiadające za wychowanie dziecka. Wskazano tu rodziców jako podstawowa komórka społeczna, pełniący obowiązki rodziców przy pomocy władz państwowych, Kościół oraz szkołę.
Całość rozważań zostanie zakończone podsumowaniem, w którym zawarte zostaną wnioski de lege lata i de lege feranda na podstawie analizowanych dokumentów Magisterium Ecclesiae.
Diversity and Regulation of Astrocyte Neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Klegeris Andis , Hashioka Sadayuki , McLarnon James G. 
Published: November 2021

:
Astrocytes contribute to brain development and homeostasis and support diverse functions
of neurons. These cells also respond to the pathological processes in Alzheimer’s disease
(AD). There is still considerable debate concerning the overall contribution of astrocytes to AD
pathogenesis since both the protective and harmful effects of these cells on neuronal survival have
been documented. This review focuses exclusively on the neurotoxic potential of astrocytes while
acknowledging that these cells can contribute to neurodegeneration through other mechanisms, for
example, by lowered neurotrophic support. We identify reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, tumor
necrosis factor α (TNF-α), glutamate, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 as molecules
that can be directly toxic to neurons and are released by reactive astrocytes. There is also considerable
evidence suggesting their involvement in AD pathogenesis. We further discuss the signaling
molecules that trigger the neurotoxic response of astrocytes with a focus on human cells. We also
highlight microglia, the immune cells of the brain, as critical regulators of astrocyte neurotoxicity.
Nuclear imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) could be used to confirm the contribution
of astrocyte neurotoxicity to AD progression. The molecular mechanisms discussed in this
review could be targeted in the development of novel therapies for AD.
Physical Work and Exercise Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Population-based Longitudinal Study
Authors: He Fan , Lin Junfen , Li Fudong , Zhai Yujia , Zhang Tao , Gu Xue , Zhao Genming 
Published: November 2021

Background:
The independent effect of physical work on the risk of cognitive impairment
in older Chinese older adults living in rural areas remains to be elucidated.

Objective:
We aimed to determine whether physical work and physical exercise can reduce the risk of
cognitive impairment.

Methods:
We collected data from 7,000 permanent residents without cognitive impairment (age ≥60
years) over a follow-up period of 2 years. We used the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination
(MMSE) to assess cognitive function. We performed multivariate Cox regression analyses
to calculate adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (%95 CIs) as measures of the
association between physical work/exercise and cognitive impairment while controlling for potential
confounders.

Results:
Over a median follow-up period of 1.93 years, 1,224 (17.5%) of 7,000 participants developed
cognitive impairment, with a total incidence of 97.69 per 1,000 person-years. After adjustment for
potential confounders, participating in physical work (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.43-0.60) or physical exercise
(HR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.44-0.65) was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment. Stratified
analyses suggested additive and multiplicative interactions between physical work and exercise.
Agricultural work (HR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.38-0.55), walking/tai chi (HR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.44-0.67), and
brisk walking/yangko (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.33-0.97) exerted significant protective effects against
cognitive impairment.

Conclusion:
Both physical work and exercise can reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in older
adults. Reasonable types and appropriate intensities of physical activity are recommended to prevent or
delay the progression of cognitive impairment.
Evaluation of Aortic Distensibility in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty
Liver Using CT
Authors: Yang Qianqian , Wang Zheng , Huang Zengfa , Zhang Shutong , Xie Yuanliang , Wang Xiang 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has attracted considerable attention with
continuously increasing morbidity.

Objective:
To evaluate the aortic distensibility in patients with non-diabetic and hypertension-type
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) through Dual-Source Computed Tomography (DSCT).

Method:
120 patients with NAFLD (experimental group) and 30 healthy subjects (control group)
were consecutively enrolled in the study. In the two groups, aortic distensibility was calculated as
D = ΔA/(A0 ×Δp). Record fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose, fasting lipid status, age, heart rate,
waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Calculate homeostasis
model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Body Mass Index (BMI). A comparative
analysis between the two groups was carried out, followed by a correlation analysis between D value
and risk factors.

Results:
D value and liver attenuation of the patients in the NAFLD group were significantly reduced
relative to those in the control group (2.24±0.63×10-3 mmHg-1 vs. 3.19±0.86×10-3 mmHg-1,
P<0.001 and 41±6HU vs. 53±5HU, P<0.001, respectively) and their fasting blood glucose, fasting
insulin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, HOMA-
IR, and BMI were higher than those in the control group. Liver attenuation, HOMA-IR, age,
and BMI were significantly correlated with D value in the NAFLD group. The stepwise multiple
linear regression analysis indicates that liver attenuation and HOMA-IR were the significant risk
factors for D value (β coefficient =0.43, P =0.001, and β coefficient =-0.33, P =0.02, respectively).

Conclusion:
Patients with NAFLD suffer from a reduction in aortic distensibility, and insulin resistance
may play a significant role in the early atherosclerosis stage.
Lateral Medullary Infarction with Contralateral Segmental Dysesthesia
and Ipsilateral Headache: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Renjie , Shao Yankun , Xu Lei 
Published: November 2021

Introduction:
The medulla oblongata is the lowest segment of the brain stem, located adjacent
to the spinal cord, with a complex anatomical structure. Thus, a small injury to the medulla
oblongata can show complex clinical manifestations.

Case Presentation:
A patient experienced dysesthesia, which manifested as numbness in her right
lower limb and decreased temperature sense, and dizziness 20 days before admission. The numbness
worsened 1 week before admission, reaching the right thoracic (T) 12 dermatomes. Her thermoception
below the T12 dermatomes decreased, and the degree of dizziness increased, accompanied
by nausea and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neck, chest, and abdomen
performed at a local hospital showed no abnormalities. MRI of the brain was performed after
admission. One week after admission, she experienced a severe headache in the upper left periorbital
area. The numbness extended to T4, and thermoception decreased below T4.

Diagnosis:
Lateral medullary infarction.

Interventions:
Anti-platelet aggregation and mitochondrial nutritional therapies were performed
along with treatments for improving circulation and establishing collateral circulation.

Outcomes:
The intensity of limb numbness decreased, and the symptoms of headache and dizziness
resolved.

Conclusion:
Lesions leading to segmental sensory disorders can occur in the medulla oblongata. Ipsilateral
headaches with contralateral segmental paresthesia can be a specific sign of lateral medullary
infarction.
Pengaruh Psychological Well Being Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Karyawan Hotel di Yogyakarta
Authors: Putri Ayudia Kinanti 
Published: November 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh psychological well being terhadap komitmen organisasi karyawan pada sebuah hotel di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan merupakan penelitian ex-post facto. Subjek yang terlibat berjumlah 72 karyawan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah skala komitmen organisasi dan skala psychological well being. Hasil seleksi item menunjukkan bahwa angka korelasi item total berkisar antara 0.267-0.673. Hasil uji reliabilitas instrumen komitmen afektif adalah sebesar 0.794, komitmen berkesinambungan sebesar 0.526, komitmen normatif sebesar 0.755, dan psychological well being sebesar 0.917. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi sederhana, ditemukan bahwa: (1) Psychological well being berpengaruh terhadap komitmen afektif, dengan nilai r=0.532 dan R2= 28.3%. (2) Psychological well being berpengaruh terhadap komitmen berkesinambungan dengan nilai r=0.017 dan R2= 0.0289%. (3) Psychological well being berpengaruh terhadap komitmen normatif dengan nilai r=0.120 dan R2= 1.5%.
La agroforestería en la restitución de los medios de vida para la población rural desplazada y reasentada de forma involuntaria: el caso de la comunidad de Arenal, Costa Rica
Authors: Ávila-Vargas Gabriela 
Published: November 2021

En Costa Rica, en la década de 1970, se desplazó de forma involuntaria a 2500 personas de las comunidades de Tronadora, Arenal y otros poblados desconcentrados en el campo para construir el megaproyecto Hidroeléctrico Arenal. Al presentar mayor población, Arenal fue de interés para la investigación, cuyos resultados se exponen en este artículo. Se indagó sobre la restitución agroforestal, recurriendo a fuentes secundarias, y se aplicaron entrevistas a conocedores del caso. El análisis fue cualitativo, con un alcance exploratorio y descriptivo.
Un 94 % de la población de Arenal optó por el reasentamiento involuntario. El 100 % de las familias reasentadas (325) contó con espacio para replicar el huerto casero. Se les brindó árboles para usos diversos y, con el tiempo, la agroforestería recuperó su funcionalidad y fue engalanando el paisaje.
ONS Data on COVID-19 deaths in children is reliable, and increasingly of concern (Re: "Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year")
Authors: Lawton Tom , Gurdasani Deepti , Griffin Stephen , Neill James 
Published: November 2021

The recently published “Deaths in children and young people in England
after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic
year” attempts to unpick the issue of paediatric
deaths “with” versus “from” COVID-19, additionally reporting
on pre-existing comorbidities of the children and young people (CYP) who
died after a COVID-19 diagnosis. Linking data from the National Child
Mortality Database (NCMD), hospital data from the Secondary Uses Service
(SUS), and PICU audit data, the authors have re-examined deaths in CYP
after a COVID-19 diagnosis using these datasets. However, whilst data on
any pre-existing conditions may be useful to identify the children at
highest risk from COVID-19, we have some concerns around the methodology
and presentation of the first part of this study.
How exercises matter as a dramaturgical approach in performance art education
Authors: Valkoinen Kristina Junttila 
Published: November 2021

This article addresses a university course in performance art at UiT – The Arctic University of Norway. The aim of this article is to discuss how the exercises and the dramaturgy of the exercises in the course matter. The author is the teacher of the course and thus the diffractive analysis is informed by her role as a teacher and artist-researcher. The study uses new material feminist theory and the theory of agential realism from physicist and feminist theorist Karen Barad.
The study investigates how the exercises become agents and get constitutive power. The exercises are material-discursive, in intra-action and entangled with the entire teaching environment, and they compose a dramaturgical structure that allows the unpredictable to happen. The analysis describes three examples of exercises from the course and highlights three aspects that matter in the mediation of the exercises – embodiment, materiality, and site. The results of the study point toward the importance of mediating exercises that activate the student-participants to experiment and redefine what the ever-changing field of performance art can be.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUASAN BELAJAR JARAK JAUH MAHASISWA VOKASI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Indarti Indarti , Wahyuningsih Urip , Yulistiana Yulistiana , Suhartini Ratna , Prihatina Yuhri Inang 
Published: November 2021

Pada awal tahun 2020 hampir semua negara di dunia mengalami masa pandemi COVID-19 termasuk negara kita Indonesia sehingga pembelajaran dilakukan secara secara jarak jauh dari rumah mahasiswa masing-masing. Pembelajaran jarak jauh secara daring juga dialami pada program vokasi di Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Kepuasan belajar mahasiswa secara jarak jauh di evaluasi untuk perbaikan program selanjutnya. Tujuan penelitian dalam era COVID ini adalah untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang diprediksi dapat mempengaruhi kepuasan belajar jarak jauh secara daring mahasiswa vokasi di masa pandemi COVID-19. Kami melakukan penelitian survei untuk mengumpulkan data melalui kuesioner yang telah disusun dalam google form dan disebar melalui WAG. Pengambilan sample dilakukan secara convenience sampling pada mahasiswa program vokasi di Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2020 dilakukan pengambilan data secara online, dan diperoleh 170 responden. Dalam penelitian ini data diananalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan program SPSS. Dari sembilan faktor yang diprediksi berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan belajar jarak jauh, hanya empat faktor terbukti secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan belajar jarak jauh yaitu sumber belajar elektronik yang baik (good e-resourches), konten pembelajaran (learning content), manfaaat yang dirasakan (perceived usefulness) dan interaksi antara pembelajar dan dosen (learner-instructor interaction). Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap baik terhadap pengelola pembelajaran maupun dosen.
IMPLEMENTASI MODULAR RIGGING RIGIFY DALAM PENGEMBANGAN FILM ANIMASI 3D TUDE TGE SERIES - GOTONG ROYONG MEMBUAT KERAJINAN TANGAN
Authors: Yasa Gede Widiartana , Sindu I Gede Partha , Kesiman Made Windu Antara 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan rancangan dan mengimplementasikan pengembangan “Implemantasi Modular Rigging Rigify Dalam Pengembangan Film Animasi Tude The Series – Gotong Royong Membuat Kerajinan Tangan”. Penelitian ini menerapkan jenis penelitian Research and development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan MDLC, pengembangan film ini menggunakana fitur tambahan yang ada pada software blender yaitu rigging rigify dalam penerapan mempbuatan film animasi 3D dan Penelitian ini melibatkan anak-anak dengan usia 6 hingga 12 tahun.