bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Assessment of Nanocomposites Based on Natural Rubber Latex Reinforced With Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes for Gamma Rays Shielding Applications
Authors: Abdeldaym A. , Elhady M. A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Reinforcement of the flexible shielding properties of natural rubber (NRL) was achieved through various content Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) prepared from a simple solution using mixing method. Thereafter, a host of evaluative tests, using different techniques were carried to check the structural, morphological, mechanical and electrical conformity of the MWCNTs in the natural rubber matrix. More notably, the results from the x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the nanocomposites have been successfully prepared, making them fitting to impact significant improvement on the mechanical strength of the matrix. The evaluation of the formation of MWCNT networks in the matrix, which gives insight into the nanocomposites' electrical conductivity, also showed agreeable results as the linear attenuation coefficients (l) and half-value thickness (HVT) for NRL/MWCNTs nanocomposite films were investigated . Thus, from the foregoing series of results, it can be concluded that nanocomposite films offer promising radiation-shielding properties.
The Effect of Urban Redevelopment Induced Displacement and Resettlement on Social Capital in Ethiopia
Authors: Alene Endalew Terefe 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
City transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa by its nature require massive physical space to accommodate urban development. Accordingly, urban redevelopment program is taken place in many old inner-city settlements to increase the supply of land for commercial and residential development. To this end, these practice often lead to displacement of residents from their original location which in turn affects their livelihoods. The trend and situation of urban development program in Ethiopia and Gondar city is no exception. To this end, this paper assess the effects of urban redevelopment induced displacement and resettlement on social capital in Gondar city. To achieve the objective of the research, a questionnaire survey covering 147 displaced households with interview and field observation was carried out. The findings highlight that, though resettlement has positive effects to the people, the displaced households in Gondar city were lost their neighborhood ties and social networks such as Idir, Equb, Mahiber and Senbetie in their new location. In addition, they also endures several adverse impacts on their basic infrastructure facilities. Therefore, government should understand the social capital impacts in both pre and post relocation phases to improve and strength the displaced households social networks and relationships throughout the entire resettlement process.
Natural ACTH Relieves Acute Inflammation of Gout by Changing the Function of Macrophages
Authors: Xu Rui , Zhao Li , Liu Jiyu , Cao Lin , Zhao Tianyi , Yu Yiyun , Xuan Dandan , Wan Weiguo , Zou Hejian , Xue Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: Gout is a common arthritis caused by deposition of monosodium urate crystals. Macrophage is crucial in the process of monosodium urate (MSU) -induced inflammation. Although it has been reported that adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in nature can be used to cure urarthritis, the mechanism concerning macrophage is still not clear. This study aims to explore how natural ACTH can alleviate urarthritis through functional changes in macrophage. Methods: We analysed the variations in VAS pain scores of five patients, knowing the time of action, and detecting the level of cortisol and ACTH in patients 24 hours after the application of ACTH. The effect of natural ACTH on joint inflammation and the level of cortisol in blood in mouse model was evaluated by studies in vivo. In vitro studies we evaluated the effect of natural ACTH on macrophage and revealed different functions of ACTH and dexamethasone on macrophage in the transcriptional level. Results: In patients with acute gout, natural ACTH can quickly alleviate pain and has no effect on the level of cortisol and ACTH. Natural ACTH is able to ease the swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by arthritis, without changing the level of cortisol. Besides, natural ACTH in vitro can alleviate acute gouty inflammation by regulating phagocytosis and polarization of macrophage, which also exert different effects on the transcription of some related genes.Conclusion: Natural ACTH is able to alleviate acute gouty inflammation by regulating macrophage, and this effect differs from that of dexamethasone in the transcriptional level.
The roles of S100B , IL-1β and IL-2 as neuroinflammation biomarkers in Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Shen Zhongxia , Cui Lijun , Ren Lie , Yuan Yonggui , Shen Xinhua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: S100B is a neurotrophic factor regulates neuronal growth and plasticity via activating astrocytes and microglia through production of neuro-inflammatory molecules like interleukin (IL)-1β involved in many mental disorders, few studies have combined S100B and cytokines to explore their roles as neuro-inflammatory biomarkers in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Methods: Serum S100B and cytokines (IL-1β , IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10) of 108 untreated GAD cases and 123 healthy controls were determined by enzyme linked-immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) and then compared, while Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) scores were measured to evaluate anxiety severity. Results: The serum S100B and IL-1β, IL-2 levels of GAD cases were lower than HC significantly (P<0.001), the IL-4 level of GAD were higher than HC (P<0.001), while IL-10 had no significant difference between two groups (P=0.215). The ROC area of S100B, IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-4 in diagnosis of GAD was (0.740 ± 0.032) , (0.900 ± 0.021) , (0.920 ± 0.018) and (0.696 ± 0.037) , all of them suggested a good predicting value (P < 0.001) , while the ROC area of IL-10 was (0.544 ± 0.038) (P = 0.251). The sensitivity of S-100B, IL-1β, IL-2 in diagnosis of GAD was 73.1%, 80.6%, 85.2%, while the specificity was 61.0%, 86.2%, 80.5%. The combination ROC area of S100B, IL-1β , IL-2 and IL-4 was (0.985 ± 0.006)(P < 0.001). Serum S100B was positively correlated with IL-2 and IL-4 (P <0.05)., while was negatively with HAMA scores (P <0.001). Conclusion: The serum S-100B, IL-1β, IL-2 levels of GAD were down-regulated while IL-4 was up-regulated, both IL-2 and IL-4 had a good diagnosis value in GAD separately while the combination of S100B and cytokines had a better diagnosis value which means the neuro-inflammation in GAD is a network regulated by many factors.
In Silico Insights of Tunable Small Molecules With Regulatory Activity of Acid Sphingomyelinase-Protein Kinase Cδ Interaction
Authors: Vadlamudi Yellamandayya , M Kannan , C Thirunavukkarasu , Muthuvel Suresh Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Acid sphingomyelinase demonstrates a housekeeping role and plays a key role in maintaining membrane turnover through sphingolipid metabolism. While deficiency of ASM housekeeping function leading to a lysosomal storage disorder, activation and translocation of ASM leads to AD pathology. Phosphorylation of ASM by PKCδ is critical for translocation of ASM to the plasma membrane. However, several strategies have been developed for the treatment of patients with AD, limitations of treatments and occurrence of AD by alternative signaling pathways become hurdle to the mortality of patients. In the present study, we report the interface of ASM- PKCδ interactions by performing molecular modeling, docking and dynamics simulation analysis. By considering the interacting site of ASM with PKCδ as an allosteric site, we screened a large number of small molecules by virtual screening and identified four lead molecules that show high binding affinity and interacting mode with residues of ASM that are critical to making interaction with PKCδ. The proven role of ASM in apoptosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and the existing functionality of leads in these diseases, together with strengthens the lead compounds, ZINC85551993, ZINC71928291, ZINC71773625 and ZINC85432419 as allosteric inhibitors for ASM. We believe that the lead molecules could be potential allosteric modulators for the translocation of ASM.
Tolerance and Physiological Responses in Two Populations of Harmel Plant to Silver Stress, A Suitable Candidate for Accumulation of Ag
Authors: Mahdavian Kobra 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
By studying harmel plants in Ag metal-contaminated mineral areas, it was found that harmel plants can accumulate Ag metal, so the present study aimed to investigate the effects of Ag exposure (0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 mgL− 1 Ag) to harmel seedlings. Two populations (metallicolous and non-metallicolous) were compared about Ag tolerance, Ag accumulation, translocation factor (TF), photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activity and, non-enzyme metabolite. At first, harmel plants were studied for their ability to accumulate silver metal in a silver metal-contaminated mineral area. Also, the results of hydroponic culture showed that the increase of Ag concentrations in the nutrient solution reduced root length, shoot length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and, total soluble sugars in both populations, but the accumulation is more pronounced in metallicolous populations than non-metallicolous. In response to this, the antioxidant activities were increased under Ag exposure, and sharp in the metallicolous population. In conclusion, the above results show that harmel seems a suitable candidate for Ag-accumulation; and these findings support the use of harmel as an acceptable species for cultivation in soils that are contaminated with Ag and strategies to minimize the toxicity of Ag in plants.
Integrating the analysis of transcriptome-wide association study and gene expression profile to identify genes associated with spondyloarthritis
Authors: Xu Jiawen , Si Haibo , Zeng Yi , Wu Yuangang , Zhang Shaoyun , Shen Bin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Spondyloarthritis(SpA) is a group of multi-factorial bone diseases influenced by genetic factors, environment and lifestyles. However, the genetic and pathogenic mechanism of SpA is still elusive.
Methods

Firstly, the tissue-specific transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of SpA was performed by utilizing the genome-wide association study (GWAS, including 3966 SpA patients and 452264 controls) summary data and gene expression weights of the whole blood and skeletal muscle. Secondly, the SpA-associated genes identified by TWAS were further compared with the differentially expressed genes(DEGs) detected by gene expression profile of SpA acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO, accession number:GSE58667). Finally, FUMA and Metascape tools were used to conduct gene functional enrichment and annotation analysis.
Results

TWAS detected 28 significant genes associated with SpA both in the whole blood and skeletal muscle, such as CTNNAL1 (PSM=0.0304, PWB=0.0096). Further comparing with gene expression profile of SpA, we identified 20 candidate genes which overlapped in TWAS, such as MCM4 (PTWAS=0.0132, PDEG=0.0275), KIAA1109 (PTWAS=0.0371,PDEG=0.0467). The enrichment analysis of the genes identified by TWAS detected 93 significant GO terms 33 and KEGG pathways, such as mitochondrion organization (GO:0007005, log10(P)= -4.29) and axon guidance(hsa04360, log10(P)= -4.26).
Conclusion

We identified multiple candidate genes genetically related to SpA. Our study may provide some novel clues for the further study of the genetic mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of SpA.
Childhood Trauma and Current Depression Among Chinese University Students: a Moderated Mediation Model of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies and Neuroticism
Authors: Chu Qianqian , Wang Xiang , Yao Rui , Fan Jie , Li Ya , Nie Fei , Wang Lifeng , Tang Qiuping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Childhood trauma (CT) is considered as a highly risk factor for depression. Although the pathway of CT to depression, especially the mediating or moderating effects of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERS) or neuroticism, have investigated by several studies, the results were inconsistent and there is a paucity of full models among these interactive factors. This study aims to examine the relationships among CT, adaptive / maladaptive CERS, neuroticism and current depression symptoms in university students.Methods: We recruited 3009 students, aged averagely 18.00 (SD = 0.772) years, from universities in Hunan province in 2019. A moderated mediation model was built to examine the relationships among CT, CERS, neuroticism and current depression using the SPSS PROCESS 3.5 macro. We conducted bootstrapping of regression estimates with 5,000 samples and 95% confidence interval.Results:Results revealed that the significant mediating effects of adaptive CERS (β = 0.0117; 95% CI: 0.0061 to 0.0181) and maladaptive CERS (β = 0.0278; 95% CI: 0.0161 to 0.0401) between CT and depression were observed, accounting for 5.690% and 13.521% of the total effect respectively. Then, moderated mediation analyses results showed that neuroticism simultaneously moderated the direct effect of CT on current depression (β = 0.035; 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.009), and the indirect effects of CT on current depression through adaptive CERS (adaptive CERS – current depression: β = -0.034; 95% CI: -0.007 to -0.001) and maladaptive CERS (maladaptive CERS – current depression: β = 0.157; 95% CI: 0.017 to 0.025). However, the moderating effects of neuroticism in the indirect paths from CT to adaptive CERS (β = 0.037; 95% CI: 0.000 to 0.014) and maladaptive CERS (β = -0.001; 95% CI: -0.006 to 0.005) were not significant.Conclusions: This study provides powerful evidences through a large university students sample for the mediating role of adaptive / maladaptive CERS and the moderating role of neuroticism between CT and current depression. This manifests that cognitive emotion regulation may be a vital factor for people who suffered from CT and current depression. Furthermore, the influence of neuroticism in this process cannot be ignored.
Challenges of Providing Health Services to Cardiovascular Patients in Emergencies and Disasters in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Moslehi Shandiz , Shirazi Fahimeh Barghi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in the world. Due to the rate of emergencies and disasters in the country, This study was conducted to investigate the challenges of providing health services to cardiovascular patients in emergencies and disasters in Iran.Methods: This conventional content analysis study was conducted in 2020. Subjects were selected from among Iranian experts using purposeful and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed by the content analysis.Results:. After analyzing the data, in the Pre-emergency Phase (lack of training on medication and nutrition, and lack of training vulnerable groups, lack of databases of cardiovascular patients, and lack of identification of patients before disasters), The Emergency Response Phase (lack of sleep and rest patterns, lack of health forces, lack of blood pressure control, lack of proper nutrition, increased medication needs, lack of mental health interventions) and the Post-emergency phase (lack of planning, lack of management of patients' mental problems). Conclusion: Developing strategies for planning, training, providing resources, and mental health during the 3 phases of emergencies management cycle for specific groups such as cardiovascular patients together with empowering these patients in the event of disasters is one of the key strategies which can be used after curbed emergences’ and disasters to reduce the rate of mortality.
Genome-scale Transcriptomic Insights Into the Gene-regulatory Network of Seed Abortion in Triploid Siraitia Grosvenorii
Authors: Wei Rongchang , Tu Dongping , Huang Xiyang , Luo Zuliang , Huang Xiaohua , Cui Nan , Xu Juan , Xiong Faqian , Yan Haifeng , Ma Xiaojun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSiraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey, also known as Luohanguo or monk fruit, is a famous traditional Chinese medicine ingredient with important medicinal value and broad development prospects. Diploid S. grosvenorii has too many seeds. Thus, studying the molecular mechanism of seed abortion in triploid S. grosvenorii, identifying the abortion-related genes, and regulating their expression will be a new direction to obtain seedless S. grosvenorii. Herein, we examined the submicroscopic structure of triploid S. grosvenorii seeds during abortion. ResultsBy measuring the content of endogenous hormones, we found that abscisic acid (ABA) and trans-zeatin (ZR) levels were significantly downregulated at days 15 and 20 after flowering. RNA-seq of triploid seeds at different developmental stages was performed to identify the key genes regulating abortion of triploid S. grosvenorii seeds. Multiple differentially expressed genes between adjacent stages were identified; seven genes were differentially expressed across all stages. Weight gene co-expression network analysis revealed that the enhancement of monoterpene and terpene metabolic processes might lead to seed abortion by reducing substrate flow to ABA and ZR.ConclusionsThese findings provide insights into the gene-regulatory network of seed abortion in triploid S. grosvenorii from different perspectives, thereby facilitating the innovation of the breeding technology of S. grosvenorii.
Inhibitor of Lysyl Oxidase in The Optic Nerve Head Complex Imparts Partial Protection Against Injury in Experimental Glaucoma
Authors: Cordoba Carlos M , Barrera Magally , Perdomo Sandra , Franco Pedro Gabriel , Alvarez Jaidy Acosta , Dueñas Zulma Y , Avila Marcel Y 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease with the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and changes in the optic nerve head (ONH). These changes are exacerbated by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: The effect of scleral and optic nerve softening with beta aminopropionitrile a lysyl oxidase inhibitor (BAPN) and stiffening with genipin, in a model of chronic increase of IOP was evaluated. Changes in optic nerve and retina were evaluated. H&E, Bielschowsky's silver staining and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) staining was performed on optic nerve, retina and scleral structures. Changes in the expression of the Ywhab, Yhwaz (prosurvival genes), C3 complement (complement C3 inflammatory marker), CPG15 (neurite growth and neural survival gene) GFAP (glial activator marker) genes was carried out in the different groups.Results: Protective effect of BAPN was evident by the preservation of the optic nerve structure, and with the conservation of the retinal structures, while deleterious changes were evident in the stiffening of ONH complex, characterized by the increase in the glia, changes in the optic nerve, and disorganization in the retina. BAPN induced a reduction in the expression of Ywhab, Yhwaz (prosurvival genes), C3 and GFAP (inflammatory and glial marker) and CPG15. Conclusions: These findings support the critical involvement of changes in the ONH stiffness in the progression of glaucoma. The control of this variable as a regulatory mechanism in the progression of neural glaucomatous damage must be considered and would be explored as a possible intervention in glaucoma management.
Case Report: Bilateral Pneumothoraces Due To Targeted Tumor Therapy With Regorafenib in a Young Woman With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rachow Tobias , Sandhaus Tim , Ernst Thomas , Schiffl Helmut , Lang Susanne M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types, frequently metastasizing into the lungs. Treatment options have been vastly improved over the last years. With the increasing use of targeted therapies novel and rare adverse effects can be seen. In this report, we present the case of recurrent spontaneous bilateral pneumothorax due to fulminant tumor necrosis during the administration of regorafenib in a heavily pretreated patient with multiple lung metastases from colorectal cancer.
Case presentation:

A 43-year-old woman presented in our oncology department with chest pain and dyspnea. The patient was diagnosed with colorectal cancer seven years earlier and had received chemoradiation, surgery and multiple chemotherapies, before she was started on regorafenib because of progressive pulmonary metastases. Clinical examination revealed no breath sounds in the right hemithorax. The patient was tachycardic and orthopneic. Computed tomography scans demonstrated cavitation of former nodular bilateral pulmonary metastases. After drainage and resolution of the right-sided pneumothorax the patient returned eleven days later with recurrent dyspnea, chest pain and subcutaneous emphysema. Bilateral pneumothoraces were treated with chest tubes. Due to left-sided tension pneumothorax video-assisted thoracoscopy and bilateral pleurodeses were performed. Persistent air leaks with severe pain and pulmonary infiltrates led to the death of the patient.
Conclusions:

Our case illustrates the effectiveness of regorafenib in a highly pretreated patient. However, in our patient the ensuing cavitation of the multiple nodes led to recurrent pneumothoraces and associated infectious complications. Therefore, special surveillance should be implemented to detect potential transformation of solid pulmonary metastases during treatment with this multi-kinase inhibitor.