bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Far-UVC efficiently inactivates an airborne pathogen in a room-sized chamber
Authors: Eadie Ewan , Hiwar Waseem , Fletcher Louise , Tidswell Emma , O’Mahoney Paul , Buonanno Manuela , Welch David , Adamson Catherine S. , Brenner David J. , Noakes Catherine , Wood Kenneth 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Many infectious diseases, including COVID-19, are transmitted by airborne pathogens. There is a need for effective environmental control measures which, ideally, are not reliant on human behaviour. One potential solution is Far-UVC which can efficiently inactivate pathogens, such as coronaviruses and influenza, in air. When appropriately filtered, and because of its limited penetration, there is evidence that Far-UVC does not induce acute reactions in the skin or eyes, nor delayed effects such as skin cancer. While there is laboratory evidence for far-UVC efficacy, there is limited evidence in full-sized rooms. In the first study of its type, we show that Far-UVC deployed in a room-sized chamber effectively inactivates aerosolised Staphylococcus aureus. At a room ventilation rate of 3 air changes per hour (ACH), with 5 filtered sources the steady-state pathogen load was reduced by 92.1% providing an additional 35 equivalent air changes (eACH). This reduction was achieved using Far-UVC intensities consistent with current regulatory limits. Far-UVC is likely to be more effective against common airborne viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, and should thus be an effective and “hands-off” technology to reduce airborne disease transmission. The findings provide room-scale data to support the design and development of safe and effective Far-UVC systems.
Flood vulnerability assessment using data envelopment analysis – the case of Narmada river basin districts in central India
Authors: Pathak Shefali Dubey , Kulshrestha Mukul , Kulshreshtha Mudit 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a data envelopment analysis (DEA)-based framework for estimating the flood vulnerabilities in river basins. The methodology has been exemplified for the 21 districts of the Narmada river basin in central India. Sensitivity and adaptive capacity indicators have been identified and used for the development of the Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI). DEA-based study was employed to assess the Scale Efficiencies and the Returns to Scale and insights drawn from the analysis have been discussed in the context of policy and planning related to reduction of flood vulnerabilities. Cluster analysis has also been deployed to classify districts in terms of flood vulnerabilities. Results from the flood vulnerability assessment model case study indicate that 76% of the districts in the Narmada river basin remain highly vulnerable to flood-risk, while the socio-economic parameters and physical sizes of districts and their resources play a crucial role.
Understanding household water-use behaviour in the city of Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Murwirapachena Genius 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Climate change, population growth and industrial activities continue to threaten water security, especially in the semi-arid regions. Demand management policies are essential in minimising the effects of acute water shortages. Such policies require information on household water consumption patterns and their behavioural practices. This study examines household water consumption behaviour and the adoption of water-efficient appliances in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study uses probit regression models to analyse survey data collected from 889 households during the period November 2017 to February 2018. Results show that while most households do not have water-efficient appliances installed in their homes, they do practise water-efficient behaviour. Older respondents as well as males and lower-income respondents are found to be more likely to practise efficient water-use behaviour. However, biographical variables do not generally influence the adoption of water-efficient appliances. These results are essential for policy-makers when formulating targeted water demand management policies. Thus, policy-makers should focus more on younger people, women and higher-income households when developing campaigns on efficient water-use behaviour.
An Enhanced SMS Text Message–Based Support and Reminder Program for Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes (TEXT2U): Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Middleton Timothy , Constantino Maria , McGill Margaret , D'Souza Mario , Twigg Stephen M , Wu Ted , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Chow Clara , Wong Jencia 
Published: September 2021

Background
Clinic attendance, metabolic control, engagement in self-management, and psychological health are suboptimal in young-onset (age of onset <40 years) type 2 diabetes.

Objective
We examined the effectiveness of an enhanced SMS text message–based support and reminder program in improving clinic attendance, metabolic control, engagement in self-management, and psychological health in young-onset type 2 diabetes.

Methods
A 12-month, parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial comparing an enhanced, semipersonalized SMS text message–based intervention (incorporating 1-8 supportive and/or informative text messages per month) against standard care was conducted in a specialized clinic for young adult type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome was maintenance of 100% attendance at scheduled quarterly clinical appointments. Secondary outcomes included (1) metabolic indices, (2) pathology and self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) data availability, and (3) psychosocial well-being.

Results
A total of 40 participants were randomized, and 32 completed their 12-month study visit. The average participant age was 32.7 (SD 5.1) years, 50% (20/40) were male, and baseline glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 7.3% (SD 1.9%) (56 mmol/mol, SD 20). A higher proportion of the intervention group achieved 100% attendance (12/21, 57%, vs 5/19, 26%, for the control group); Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly greater cumulative attendance in the intervention group (P=.04). There were no between-group differences in HbA1c, BMI, lipids, or availability of pathology and SMBG data. Odds of recording an improvement in the Diabetes Empowerment Scale–Short Form score were higher in the intervention group at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] 4.3, 95% CI 1.1-17), with attenuation of this effect at study end (OR 3.1, 95% CI 0.9-11). Program acceptability was high; >90% of participants would recommend the program to new patients.

Conclusions
An enhanced SMS text message–based support and reminder program doubled scheduled clinic attendance rates for patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes. The program was highly acceptable and provided early support for patient empowerment but had no significant effect on measures of metabolic control or self-management.

Trial Registration
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618000479202); https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373579
​Xantismo en peces cíclidos (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) costarricenses, y variación ontogenética en Parachromis dovii
Authors: Angulo Arturo , San Gil León Jorge Andrés 
Published: September 2021

Introducción: El xantismo o xantocromismo es una anomalía fenotípica que se evidencia por la producción predominante de xantina, un pigmento que le da al organismo una coloración amarillenta. En Costa Rica existen pocos registros de organismos con esa anomalía en ambientes naturales. Objetivo: Presentar casos de xantismo en peces cíclidos de Costa Rica. Métodos: Recolectamos registros de xantismo por redes sociales, así como de especímenes de museos y trabajo de campo. Además, reproducimos dos especímenes xantocrómicos de Parachromis dovii para determinar cambios ontogenéticos. Resultados: Registramos xantismo en ocho especies, seis de ellas cíclidos. En el caso de los ejemplares criados en cautiverio, el 100% de la descendencia presentó xantismo a los cuatro meses aproximadamente. Conclusiones: Al menos ocho especies de peces costarricenses presentan xantismo, para lo cual se presume un origen genético (heredable); esto fue corroborado en el ejercicio de reproducción en cautiverio.
Effect of chlorophenoxy herbicides residues on probing behavior of cereal aphid
Authors: KRZYŻANOWSKI ROBERT , BEDNARCZYK IZABELA , CUDZIŁO-ABRAMCZUK JOLANTA 
Published: September 2021

Chlorophenoxyacetic herbicides such as 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are used for cereal protection. However, some of them penetrate the tissues of protected plants and also get in contact with cereal pathogens. The up-to-date studies concerned their effectiveness in combating the weeds without paying attention to the herbivores occurring in cereal agrocenoses. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of chlorophenoxyacetic herbicides on the probing behavior of grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.), bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and rose-grain aphid, Metopolophium dirhodum (Walk.). The experiment was carried out on wingless females feeding on winter wheat seedlings of Tonacja cv. using the electronic penetration graph (EPG) method. Tested herbicide preparations exerted an influence on the probing behavior of all aphids examined. The inhibitory effect of MCPA and 2,4-D on the uptake of phloem juice was found. It has been shown that chlorophenoxyacetic herbicides are not only effective in combating the weeds of cereal crops, but can also have positive side-effects in the form of limiting the cereal aphids population.
Nephrotic Syndrome Associated with Hydronephrosis and Unilateral Renal Agenesis
Authors: Larisia Mihai , Viviana Cuzic , Adina Ungureanu , Corina Frecus , Adriana Balasa , Claudia Cambrea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe reported a case of nephrotic syndrome in a child presenting undiagnosed hydronephrosis and unilateral renal agenesis in a 3 years and 9 months old male patient presenting features of nephrotic syndrome, with left hydronephrosis and unilateral renal agenesis. The association of nephrotic syndrome with congenital anomalies is extremely rare. The importance of this unusual combination was discussed respecting the literature.
PD-L1 and CD8-Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Expression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Oana Cojocaru , Mariana Aschie , Anca Nicolau Antonela , Ionut Burlacu , Manuela Enciu , Izabela Baltatescu Gabriela 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Studies in recent years have shown that the immune system plays an important role in the prognosis of patients with different types of malignancies. The tumor immune microenvironment has been studied in various cancers in an attempt to find new antitumoral therapies. The therapeutic blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 has revolutionized the treatment of oncological pacients, with anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies having remarkable results in malignant melanoma, cervical, renal and lung cancer. In laryngeal cancer, few reports are available on the immune microenvironment and PD-L1 expression. Considering these, we retrospectively review 23 laryngeal cancer patients with laryngectomy performed in the Otorhinolaryngology Department - Emergency County Clinical Hospital St Andrew Constanta. The aim of our research was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1, using combined positive score which includes both viable tumoral cells and intratumoral lymphocytes, as well as the level of CD8 intratumoral lymphocytes and to analise the corelation between these markers and the clinicopathological characteristics of the pacients, in order to set these two parameters, in the near future, as new biomarkers. PD-L1 expression was shown to be a prognostic factor for disease-free survival in laryngeal cancer patients (p = 0.006) and was higher in tumors with elevated CD8 lymphocyte levels, with a significant correlation correlation between the two parameters (p = 0.019). The level of CD8 lymphocytes was also a predictive factor for free-disease survival, correlated with patient smoker status (p = 0.04), being higher in non-smoking patients.
About Lung Cancer in Romania and Constanta County
Authors: Beatrice Severin , Valentin Broasca Madar , Elena Mocanu , Oana Ionita , Sergiu Chirila 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Abstract: In Romania lung cancer represents the second most common cancer after breast cancer, for both sexes, and is the leading cause of death among patients with cancer.
Between 2011 and 2019 the incidence of cancer had a growing trend for both Romania and Constanta County. Unfortunately, the forecast regarding the incidence of cancer in Romania shows a trend of continuous rise of new cancer cases until 332.7%000 inhabitants by 2025.
In these conditions we wanted to analyze some aspects of lung cancer situation in Constanta County.
Quercetin improves myocardial redox status in rats with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gorbenko Nataliia I. , Borikov Oleksii Yu. , Kiprych Tetiana V. , Ivanova Olha V. , Taran Kateryna V. , Litvinova Tetiana S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective. Emerging data indicate that oxidative stress is closely associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study aimed to assess the effect of the most abundant flavonoid in the human diet quercetin (Q) on the myocardial redox status in rats with T2DM.

Methods. T2DM was induced in male Wistar rats by a high caloric diet (for 14 weeks) and two streptozotocin (25 mg/kg b.w.) injections applied in four weeks of the diet, once a week for two weeks. The Q was administered intragastrically by gavage in a dose of 10 or 50 mg/kg of the body weight for 8 weeks starting from the 8th day after the last streptozotocin injection. The control rats received citrate buffer and seven days after the last STZ injection, basal glucose levels were measured in all animals.

Results. Administration of Q increased insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats with more pronounced effect at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. The Q also decreased free radical oxidation in the heart mitochondria of diabetic animals, thus limiting the formation of advanced oxidation protein products in a dose-dependent manner and normalized the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase) in cardiac mitochondria independently of the dose used. In addition, the Q in both doses prevented the development of oxidative stress in the T2DM rats cardiomyocytes by reducing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase activities.

Conclusions. The findings demonstrate that Q in both doses 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg can protect from the development of oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes in the diabetic rats. The present data indicate that the use of Q may contribute to the amelioration of cardiovascular risk in patients with T2DM.
Haloperidol and aripiprazole impact on the BDNF and glucocorticoid receptor levels in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex: effect of the chronic mild stress
Authors: Osacka Jana , Koprdova Romana , Tillinger Andrej , Pirnik Zdenko , Kiss Alexander 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective. Changes in the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP) are associated with psychiatric diseases and stress response. Chronic mild stress (CMS) may alter BDNF as well as GR levels in both the PFC and the HIP. The aim of the present study was to find out whether chronic treatment with a typical antipsychotic haloperidol (HAL) and an atypical antipsychotic aripiprazole (ARI) may modify the CMS effect on the BDNF and GR expression in the above-mentioned structures.

Methods. The rats were exposed to CMS for 3 weeks and from the 7th day of CMS injected with vehicle (VEH), HAL (1 mg/kg) or ARI (10 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. BDNF and GR mRNA levels were established in the PFC and the HIP by Real Time PCR, whereas, PFC and HIP samples were obtained by punching them from 500 µm thick frozen sections. C-Fos immunoreactivity was analyzed in the PFC and the HIP on 30 µm thick paraformaldehyde fixed sections. Weight gain and corticosterone (CORT) levels were also measured.

Results. The CMS and HAL suppressed the BDNF and GR mRNA levels in the PFC. In the HIP, CMS elevated BDNF mRNA levels that were suppressed by HAL and ARI treatments. The CMS decreased the c-Fos immunoreactivity in the PFC in both HAL- and ARI-treated animals. In the HIP, HAL increased the c-Fos immunoreactivity that was again diminished in animals exposed to CMS. Stressed animals gained markedly less weight until the 7th day of CMS, however, later their weight gain did not differ from the unstressed ones or was even higher in CMS+HAL group. Un-stressed HAL and ARI animals gained less weight than the VEH ones. Neither CMS nor HAL/ARI affected the plasma CORT levels.

Conclusion. The present data indicate that HAL and ARI in the doses 1 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg, respectively, does not modify the effect of the CMS preconditioning on the BDNF and GR mRNA levels in the PFC or the HIP. However, HAL seems to modify the CMS effect on the HIP activation.
A Clinical Case of Acute Polyarthritis Unmasking Severe Comorbidity
Authors: Ciotoracu Andra Carmina , Dună Mădălina , Predeţeanu Denisa , Busuioc Constantin-Ioan , Alexandru Săvulescu Florin , Aramă Bogdan , Ion Ștefan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Acute polyarthritis requires a comprehensive differential diagnosis in order to establish its etiology. Moreover, sometimes it may unfold unexpected comorbidities, thus necessitating an individualized management approach.
This article describes the case of an elderly patient whose initial presentation of acute polyarthritis was interpreted as crystal induced-arthritis demonstrated by the presence of calcium pyrophosphate and lipid crystals in the synovial fluid. The clinical deterioration of the patient along with the suspicion of a systemic infection required interdisciplinary collaboration and led to his transfer to the infectious diseases department where the diagnosis of sepsis from unknown origin was added. Further investigations unmasked a large complicated pancreatic pseudocyst that eventually ruptured into the peritoneal cavity and led to the patient's death.
Analysis of an inverted square SRR via design of experiment (DoE) approach
Authors: Yarici Ismail , Öztürk Yavuz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A design of experiment (DoE) study is presented based on an investigation of the influences of the chosen geometric parameters of an Inverted Square Split Ring Resonator on its resonance frequency. A statistical software was used to determine DoE steps and the values of chosen geometrical parameters for the experiments. The determined experiments were carried out by making simulations with electromagnetic design software. The resonator simulation outputs were analyzed by using normality tests and tools of the statistical software. By using these analyses, mainly a 2-level full factorial DoE approach, the effects of the geometrical parameters (input factors), and their interactions on the resonance frequency (response factor) were presented. In the light of our findings, this study proposes a promising path for microwave studies with several advantages such as being able to understand the dynamics of an optimized RF resonator device system, designing these kinds of devices with a few experiments, and increasing the time efficiency via reducing the number of attempts.
Quantification and Clustering of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Wastewater Treatment Plants across Switzerland
Authors: Mehrabi Kamyar , Kaegi Ralf , Günther Detlef , Gundlach-Graham Alexander 
Published: September 2021

Single particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (sp-ICP-TOFMS), in combination with online microdroplet calibration, allows for the determination of particle number concentrations (PNCs) and the masses of elements in individual particles. Because sp-ICP-TOFMS analyses of environmental samples produce rich datasets composed of both single-metal nanoparticles (smNPs) and many types of multi-metal NPs (mmNPs), interpretation of these data is well suited to automated analysis schemes. Here, we present a data analysis approach that includes automatic particle detection and elemental mass determinations based on online microdroplet calibration, and unsupervised clustering analysis of mmNPs to identify unique classes of NPs based on their element compositions. To demonstrate the potential of our approach, we analyzed waste water samples collected from the influent and effluent of five wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) across Switzerland. We determined elemental masses in individual NPs, as well as PNCs, to estimate the NP removal efficiencies of the individual WWTPs. Through hierarchical clustering, we identified NP classes conserved across all WWTPs; the most abundant particle types were those rich in Ce-La, Fe-Al, Ti-Zr, and Zn-Cu. In addition, we found particle types that are unique to one or a few WWTPs, which could indicate point sources of anthropogenic NPs.
PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE: THE PROBLEM OF INTERACTIVE CORRELATION
Authors: Ильин Виктор Васильевич , Сапегина Ольга Петровна , Яловенко Яна Викторовна 
Published: September 2021

Наука и философия - принадлежа различным ареалам когитальной культуры - дополняют друг друга. Знание предметоцентрично, метафизика идеалоцентрична, но они равным образом обслуживают запросы человека как существа символического, погруженного в условное, однако стремящегося достичь безусловного. Ресурсы науки с ее жесткими правилами в деле перекрытия барьеров условностей непригодны. Надежду вселяет метафизика, духовно осваивающая существование в менее ригидных рамочных кондициях.
Science and philosophy, belonging to different areas of cogitative culture, complement each other. Knowledge is object-centered; metaphysics is aimed at the ideal meanings, but equally serves the needs of man as a symbolic being, involved in the conditional circumstances, but striving to achieve the unconditional. The resources of science with its rigid rules are not suitable for overcoming the barriers of conventions. Metaphysics is able to support hope dealing with spiritual mastering of the world under the less rigid framework conditions.
«WORK ON MYTH»: THE FAMILY LEVEL
Authors: Иванов Андрей Геннадиевич 
Published: September 2021

Оценивается применимость взаимосвязанного (ситуационного) подхода к мифу в отношении интерпретации нарративов о семейной памяти. Повседневная мифология семейной памяти понимается как особое пространство актуализации социальной мифологии, включающее преломление автобиографической памяти, семейного опыта в сферах повседневности. Отмечается, что в случае с семейными историями «работа над мифом» охватывает все виды бытия мифа - от индивидуального до социетального. Для характеристики совокупности постоянно воспроизводящихся в семейных рассказах и практиках мифологизированных представлений предлагается использовать термин «семейный мифоландшафт», конфигурация которого специфична для каждой семьи, но содержит устойчивые компоненты.
The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Lipetsk Branch, Lipetsk The article assesses the applicability of the interrelational approach to myth in the perspective of interpretation of narratives nourished by family memory. Everyday mythology of family memory is understood as a special space of actualization of social mythology, which includes the refraction of autobiographical memory, family experience in the spheres of everyday life. It is noted that in the case of family stories, «work on myth» covers all types of myth existence - from individual to societal. To characterize the totality of mythologized representations that are constantly reproduced in family stories and practices, it is proposed to use the term «family mythscape», the configuration of which is specific for each family, but contains stable components.