bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical applicability of genetics for the prevention and treatment of hypertension
Authors: Silva Alexandre Sérgio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractZou and colleagues are publishing in this issue of The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, result of one of their studies in which they found that human corin genetic polymorphisms is involved in blood pressure control, more specifically in salt sensitivity. It is being published in this journal shortly after a literature review indicated another 18 genes were also involved in salt sensitivity, however corin gene. This dynamism of newly discovered genes shows the complexity of studying the genetic control of arterial hypertension and explains its known preliotropic characteristic. In this commentary, the study by Zou and colleagues is placed in the context of recent evidence on the genetics of high blood pressure and the future perspectives resulting from this and other studies are presented in the context of the clinical application of genetics in the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure.
Analysis of factors influencing skin reactions to sunscreens, skin whitening products, and deodorants: Results from a large‐scale patch test dataset in China
Authors: Li Bingjie , Cheng BS Ying , Tan Yimei , Wang Fudi , Hu Weiyi , Wang Xuemin , Liu Wei , Krutmann Jean , Wang Sijia , Zou Ying 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundCosmetic products are widely used in daily life and can cause skin reactions. However, to date, few studies have investigated the prevalence and associated factors of skin reactions to different types of cosmetic products using patch test results.ObjectivesTo investigate the frequency and associated factors of skin reactions to sunscreens, skin whitening products, and deodorants using patch test results in China.MethodsThis cross‐sectional analysis used data collected during 2004–2017 at the Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, China. Skin reactions were measured using patch tests following internationally standardized protocols.ResultsIn total, 151 280 patch tests comprising 16 477 cosmetic products conducted in 4029 healthy volunteers were analyzed. The frequencies of skin reactions to different cosmetic products were 1.07%, 1.28%, and 4.41% for sunscreens, skin whitening products, and deodorants, respectively. With increasing age, a higher frequency of reactions to sunscreens in women (p < 0.001) and a lower frequency of reactions to skin whitening products in men (p < 0.05) were observed. In addition, men were more likely to develop skin reactions to deodorants compared to women (p < 0.05). Skin reactions were more frequent in winter (p < 0.05), which was true for different types of cosmetic products.ConclusionsThe frequency of patch testing for different cosmetic products was 1.07–4.41%. The effects of age, sex, and season vary among the different types of cosmetic products. We hope that these findings can offer guidance for a healthy skincare concept.
Multiplate platelet aggregometry in dogs undergoing laparoscopic liver biopsy for diagnosis of chronic hepatopathy
Authors: Shropshire S. B. , Olver C. S. , Twedt D. C. , Jablonski Wennogle S. A. 
Published: December 2021

ObjectivesTo assess platelet function via the Multiplate analyser in dogs undergoing laparoscopic liver biopsy for diagnosis of chronic hepatopathy.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐seven client‐owned dogs were prospectively enrolled. Before laparoscopic liver biopsy, whole blood impedance platelet aggregometry via the Multiplate analyser was performed. Buccal mucosal bleeding time was performed in 23 of 27 dogs. Tissue factor‐activated thromboelastography was also performed, in addition to plasma‐based coagulation testing. Descriptive statistics were calculated and the prevalence of platelet function abnormalities and results of other biochemical and coagulation testing were reported.ResultsSeventeen (63%) of 27 dogs had evidence of decreased platelet function as assessed by aggregometry, with all 17 dogs having decreased responsiveness to adenosine diphosphate, and 11 of 17 dogs demonstrating decreased responsiveness to arachidonic acid. Based on maximum amplitude, most dogs were classified as normocoagulable on thromboelastography (15/25; 60%). Other frequent coagulation abnormalities included increased D‐dimers (20/27;74%), thrombocytopenia (11/27; 41%), hypofibrinogenemia (4/27; 15%), and decreased antithrombin (4/27; 15%).Clinical SignificanceDecreased platelet function as assessed by whole blood impedance aggregometry was common in dogs with chronic liver disease. Further study is necessary to determine whether this finding is repeatable or indicative of increased bleeding risk.
Portosystemic shunt is an effective treatment for complications of portal hypertension in hepatic myeloid metaplasia and improves nutritional status
Authors: Aspite Silvia , Schepis Filippo , Roccarina Davide , Gitto Stefano , Citone Michele , Di Bonaventura Chiara , Bianchini Marcello , Arena Umberto , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Guglielmelli Paola , Campani Francesca , Fanelli Fabrizio , Marra Fabio , Vizzutti Francesco 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn patients affected by myelofibrosis with hepatic myeloid metaplasia (HMM), portal hypertension (PHT) complications may develop. In this case series, we analysed the efficacy and safety of transjugular portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of PHT‐related complications and its effects on the nutritional status. Six patients were evaluated and the average follow‐up period after TIPS was 33 (IQR 5) months. None of the patients developed hepatic failure, nor any recurrence of variceal bleeding was recorded. No additional paracentesis or endoscopic prophylactic treatment for PHT‐related complications were required. In all subjects, the average dose of diuretics was almost halved three months after TIPS. Three patients died during the follow‐up, but none for liver‐related causes. All patients showed an improvement in the global nutritional status. In conclusion, TIPS represent an effective and safe treatment option for patients affected by complications of PHT secondary to HMM and drives to an improvement of the nutritional status.
Photosynthesis‐related genes induce resistance against soybean mosaic virus: Evidence for involvement of the RNA silencing pathway
Authors: Bwalya John , Alazem Mazen , Kim Kook‐Hyung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIncreasing lines of evidence indicate that chloroplast‐related genes are involved in plant–virus interactions. However, the involvement of photosynthesis‐related genes in plant immunity is largely unexplored. Analysis of RNA‐Seq data from the soybean cultivar L29, which carries the Rsv3 resistance gene, showed that several chloroplast‐related genes were strongly induced in response to infection with an avirulent strain of soybean mosaic virus (SMV), G5H, but were weakly induced in response to a virulent strain, G7H. For further analysis, we selected the PSaC gene from the photosystem I and the ATP‐synthase α‐subunit (ATPsyn‐α) gene whose encoded protein is part of the ATP‐synthase complex. Overexpression of either gene within the G7H genome reduced virus levels in the susceptible cultivar Lee74 (rsv3‐null). This result was confirmed by transiently expressing both genes in Nicotiana benthamiana followed by G7H infection. Both proteins localized in the chloroplast envelope as well as in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Because the chloroplast is the initial biosynthesis site of defence‐related hormones, we determined whether hormone‐related genes are involved in the ATPsyn‐α‐ and PSaC‐mediated defence. Interestingly, genes involved in the biosynthesis of several hormones were up‐regulated in plants infected with SMV‐G7H expressing ATPsyn‐α. However, only jasmonic and salicylic acid biosynthesis genes were up‐regulated following infection with the SMV‐G7H expressing PSaC. Both chimeras induced the expression of several antiviral RNA silencing genes, which indicate that such resistance may be partially achieved through the RNA silencing pathway. These findings highlight the role of photosynthesis‐related genes in regulating resistance to viruses.
Cystic fibrosis in children: A pediatric anesthesiologist’s perspective
Authors: Williamson Danielle M. , Sharma Anshuman 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCystic fibrosis is a multi‐systemic disease of impaired sodium and chloride transport across epithelial surfaces. Cystic fibrosis is one of the most common autosomal recessive diseases among Caucasian children. However, recent epidemiologic studies suggest that the disease in Hispanic, African American, and Asian American populations may be more common than previously recognized. The phenotypic expression is characterized by the constellation of pulmonary, pancreatic, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Progressive obstructive lung disease is the hallmark of cystic fibrosis, and end‐stage respiratory failure is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. The most significant advance in the care has been the development of cystic fibrosis modulators, a class of drugs that restore cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator folding, intracellular processing, or function. Improved diagnostic abilities, a multidisciplinary approach to medical management, and the use of cystic fibrosis modulators have led to improvement in the quality of life and life expectancy. These patients undergo range of procedures such as nasal polypectomy, placement of gastrostomy tubes, vascular access device placement, transbronchial lung biopsies, and other thoracic surgeries. The anesthetic care of children with advanced cystic fibrosis disease is complex. Preoperative optimization can help improve postoperative outcomes. Strategies for pain control should rely on non‐opiate, multimodal adjuncts, and regional or neuraxial techniques. Unfortunately for some children, a progressive respiratory disease often leads to end‐stage respiratory failure and lung transplant surgery remains the only viable treatment option. Widespread use of lung transplant surgery as a treatment option is severely constraint by donor organ availability. Primary graft dysfunction is the most common cause of early death and can be seen within 48 h of surgery. Median long‐term survival after lung transplant remains modest. Chronic lung allograft dysfunction, opportunistic infections, and post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among long‐term survivors.
Residential stability and fear of crime: Examining the impact of homeownership and length of residence on citizens’ fear of crime
Authors: Lee Heeuk D. , Boateng Francis D. , Kim David , Maher Cooper 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEven though social scientists have investigated the importance of homeownership in providing individuals with a sense of belonging, security, the welfare of the community, and informal social control within their neighborhood, the impact of homeownership yet has remained largely unexamined within the context of fear of crime. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature and examines the relationship among factors of residential stability on fear of crime. The purpose of the current study is to explore the predictive effects of homeownership on fear of crime among residents. Using community survey data collected from several cities of Northwestern states in the United States, results from the analysis found statistically significant effects for homeownership, length of residence, physical disorder, social cohesion, and victimization on fear of crime.
Artesian conditions in the Chilterns Chalk aquifer (NW of the London Basin) and the implications for surface water–groundwater interactions
Authors: Marsili Alessandro , Karapanos Ilias , Jaweesh Mahmoud , Yarker Daniel R. , Powers Eleanor M. , Sage Robert C. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Chalk is a principal aquifer which provides an important resource in SE England. For two centuries, it allowed the establishment of a thriving watercress-growing industry, indirectly through diverted stream flow and directly through the drilling of flowing artesian boreholes. The distribution of artesian boreholes across different catchments, suggests a regional control of vertical groundwater flow within the New Pit and Lewes Chalk units. Interrogation of location-specific information points to the confining role of a few key marls within the New Pit Chalk Formation, which can be traced up-catchment to where they naturally outcrop or have been exposed by quarrying. Evidence is found in geophysical logging of a number of boreholes across catchments, confirming a consistent pattern of the spatial distribution of such key markers. When tectonic stress was applied to the various Chalk formations, the marl bands would have reacted, producing more plastic deformation and less fractures in comparison with rigid rock strata. Such a scenario would have created the conditions for secondary aquifer units, giving the Chalk confining or semi-confining hydraulic characteristics on a regional scale. This conceptual understanding helps explain why the river flow response to reductions in groundwater abstraction varies across the flow duration curve.
Coeval development of extensional and contractional features along transform margins: insights from the Diaz Marginal Ridge
Authors: Paton Douglas A. , Mortimer Estelle J. , Markwick P. J. , Khan J. , Davids Anthea , Tshikovhi Rilwele , Van der Spuy David 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Diaz Marginal Ridge (DMR), on the southern transform margin of South Africa, is a bathymetric feature parallel to the Agulhas Falkland Fracture Zone (AFFZ) that has long been considered an archetype marginal ridge; and yet its origin and evolution remains unconstrained. Using recently acquired seismic data we present a new structural interpretation of the DMR and its association with the evolution of both the AFFZ and the Southern Outeniqua Basin. In contrast to previous scenarios invoking thermo-mechanical explanations for its evolution, we observe a more straightforward structural model in which the genesis of the DMR results from the structural inversion of a Jurassic rift basin. This inversion resulted in the progressive onlap of latest Valanginian–Hauterivian-aged stratigraphic units, important for the formation of stratigraphic plays of the recent Brulpadda discovery.
Paradoxically, this contraction is contemporaneous with renewed extension observed in the inboard normal faults. The orientation of the DMR and inboard structures have been demonstrated to be controlled by the underlying Cape Fold Belt (CFB) fabric. The onset of motion across the AFFZ shear system led to east–west-orientated maximum stress and north–south-orientated minimum stress. We propose this stress re-orientation resulted in strain partitioning across existing structures whereby in addition to strike-slip on the AFFZ there was coeval extension and contraction, the nature of which was determined by fault orientation. The fault orientation in turn was controlled by a change in orientation of the underlying CFB. Our model provides new insights into the interplay of changes in regional stress orientation with basement fabric and localized magmatism along an evolving transform. The application of horizontal strain partitioning can provide an explanation of similar features observed on other transform margins.
A Unified FPGA Virtualization Framework for General-Purpose Deep Neural Networks in the Cloud
Authors: Zeng Shulin , Dai Guohao , Sun Hanbo , Liu Jun , Li Shiyao , Ge Guangjun , Zhong Kai , Guo Kaiyuan , Wang Yu , Yang Huazhong 
Published: December 2021

INFerence-as-a-Service (INFaaS) has become a primary workload in the cloud. However, existing FPGA-based Deep Neural Network (DNN) accelerators are mainly optimized for the fastest speed of a single task, while the multi-tenancy of INFaaS has not been explored yet. As the demand for INFaaS keeps growing, simply increasing the number of FPGA-based DNN accelerators is not cost-effective, while merely sharing these single-task optimized DNN accelerators in a time-division multiplexing way could lead to poor isolation and high-performance loss for INFaaS. On the other hand, current cloud-based DNN accelerators have excessive compilation overhead, especially when scaling out to multi-FPGA systems for multi-tenant sharing, leading to unacceptable compilation costs for both offline deployment and online reconfiguration. Therefore, it is far from providing efficient and flexible FPGA virtualization for public and private cloud scenarios.
Aiming to solve these problems, we propose a unified virtualization framework for general-purpose deep neural networks in the cloud, enabling multi-tenant sharing for both the Convolution Neural Network (CNN), and the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) accelerators on a single FPGA. The isolation is enabled by introducing a two-level instruction dispatch module and a multi-core based hardware resources pool. Such designs provide isolated and runtime-programmable hardware resources, which further leads to performance isolation for multi-tenant sharing. On the other hand, to overcome the heavy re-compilation overheads, a tiling-based instruction frame package design and a two-stage static-dynamic compilation, are proposed. Only the lightweight runtime information is re-compiled with ∼1 ms overhead, thus guaranteeing the private cloud’s performance. Finally, the extensive experimental results show that the proposed virtualized solutions achieve up to 3.12× and 6.18× higher throughput in the private cloud compared with the static CNN and RNN baseline designs, respectively.
HEALTH OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES: DIAGNOSING, IDENTIFYING GAPS AND NEEDS
Authors: Petrashyk Yu. M. , Saturska H. S. , Terenda N. O. , Lishtaba L. V. , Slobodian N. O. , Lytvynova O. N. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: to identify features of diagnosing the health of local communities, to examine the current state and changes in the approaches to identifying gaps and needs for action planning.
Materials and Methods. The study makes use of the current data on approaches to identifying gaps and needs health diagnostics of local communities in Ukraine and the world.
Results. There are five types of models for health diagnosis and needs assessment: epidemiological diagnosis, public health diagnosis, social diagnosis, asset diagnosis, and rapid diagnosis. Each model has its own vision, as well as advantages and disadvantages. In practice, the selected model can be supplemented with elements of other models in accordance with the resources and purpose of the assessment. Determining the population to be assessed is an important early stage in assessing community health. It can be determined geographically, by a specific area, place of work, residence, or study. The state health department can target the entire population, while a small local non-profit agency is likely to focus only on potential customers. The use of very specific parameters to determine the population makes the assessment more focused and detailed, allows very specific adaptation of health measures.
Conclusions. When assessing community health, the boundaries of the target audience may change during data collection and analysis. Analysis and interpretation of epidemiological data may reveal that only working mothers are at high risk for health problems that the organization can address. This refinement of the target audience can occur because of a community health assessment.
ПРОГРАМИ МЕДИЧНОГО СТРАХУВАННЯ ТА ЇХ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗА УМОВ COVID-19
Authors: Климук Н. Я. , Смірнова В. Л. , Панчишин Н. Я. 
Published: December 2021

Мета: з’ясувати особливості програм медичного страхування за умов пандемії COVID-19.
Матеріали і методи. У роботі використано наукові статті вітчизняних науковців, офіційні сайти страхових компаній та сайт Міністерства фінансів України. Під час виконання даного дослідження застосовано методи структурування, аналізу і узагальнення інформації.
Результати. У статті розкрито особливості програм медичного страхування за умов Covid-19. Для цього розглянуто зарубіжний досвід змін в політиці функціонування страховиків у різних країнах через пандемію. Проведено комплексне дослідження програм страхування від Covid-19 українських страхових компаній, визначено їх переваги та недоліки.
Висновки. Пандемія COVID-19 змусила страхові компанії змінити свою політику функціонування як у зарубіжних країнах, так і в Україні, переглянувши свої програми. Аналіз показав, що договори про страхування від COVID-19 на страховому ринку різних страхових компаній є подібними між собою і мають як переваги, які полягають у зменшенні фінансового навантаження на хворого та наданні впевненості у фінансовому забезпеченні й матеріальній компенсації збитків, так і недоліки.
Phrenic Nerve Injury During Cryoballoon-Based Pulmonary Vein Isolation: Results of the Worldwide YETI Registry
Authors: Heeger Christian-H. , Sohns Christian , Pott Alexander , Metzner Andreas , Inaba Osamu , Straube Florian , Kuniss Malte , Aryana Arash , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Cay Serkan , Ehrlich Joachim R. , El-Battrawy Ibrahim , Martinek Martin , Saguner Ardan M. , Tscholl Verena , Yalin Kivanc , Lyan Evgeny , Su Wilber , Papiashvili Giorgi , Botros Maichel Sobhy Naguib , Gasperetti Alessio , Proietti Riccardo , Wissner Erik , Scherr Daniel , Kamioka Masashi , Makimoto Hisaki , Urushida Tsuyoshi , Aksu Tolga , Chun Julian K.R. , Aytemir Kudret , Jędrzejczyk-Patej Ewa , Kuck Karl-Heinz , Dahme Tillman , Steven Daniel , Sommer Philipp , Richard Tilz Roland 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Cryoballoon-based pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has emerged as an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation. The most frequent complication during cryoballoon-based PVI is phrenic nerve injury (PNI). However, data on PNI are scarce.

Methods:
The YETI registry is a retrospective, multicenter, and multinational registry evaluating the incidence, characteristics, prognostic factors for PNI recovery and follow-up data of patients with PNI during cryoballoon-based PVI. Experienced electrophysiological centers were invited to participate. All patients with PNI during CB2 or third (CB3) and fourth-generation cryoballoon (CB4)-based PVI were eligible.

Results:
A total of 17 356 patients underwent cryoballoon-based PVI in 33 centers from 10 countries. A total of 731 (4.2%) patients experienced PNI. The mean time to PNI was 127.7±50.4 seconds, and the mean temperature at the time of PNI was −49±8°C. At the end of the procedure, PNI recovered in 394/731 patients (53.9%). Recovery of PNI at 12 months of follow-up was found in 97.0% of patients (682/703, with 28 patients lost to follow-up). A total of 16/703 (2.3%) reported symptomatic PNI. Only 0.06% of the overall population showed symptomatic and permanent PNI. Prognostic factors improving PNI recovery are immediate stop at PNI by double-stop technique and utilization of a bonus-freeze protocol. Age, cryoballoon temperature at PNI, and compound motor action potential amplitude loss >30% were identified as factors decreasing PNI recovery. Based on these parameters, a score was calculated. The YETI score has a numerical value that will directly represent the probability of a specific patient of recovering from PNI within 12 months.

Conclusions:
The incidence of PNI during cryoballoon-based PVI was 4.2%. Overall 97% of PNI recovered within 12 months. Symptomatic and permanent PNI is exceedingly rare in patients after cryoballoon-based PVI. The YETI score estimates the prognosis after iatrogenic cryoballoon-derived PNI.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03645577.

Graphic Abstract:
A graphic abstract is available for this article.