bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existence of renormalized solutions for some quasilinear elliptic Neumann problems
Authors: Benboubker Mohamed Badr , Hjiaj Hassane , Ibrango Idrissa , Ouaro Stanislas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper is devoted to study some nonlinear elliptic Neumann equations of the type{Au+g(x,u,∇u)+|u|q(⋅)-2u=f(x,u,∇u)inΩ,∑i=1Nai(x,u,∇u)⋅ni=0on∂Ω,\left\{ {\matrix{ {Au + g(x,u,\nabla u) + |u{|^{q( \cdot ) - 2}}u = f(x,u,\nabla u)} \hfill & {{\rm{in}}} \hfill & {\Omega ,} \hfill \cr {\sum\limits_{i = 1}^N {{a_i}(x,u,\nabla u) \cdot {n_i} = 0} } \hfill & {{\rm{on}}} \hfill & {\partial \Omega ,} \hfill \cr } } \right.in the anisotropic variable exponent Sobolev spaces, whereAis a Leray-Lions operator andg(x,u, ∇u),f(x,u, ∇u) are two Carathéodory functions that verify some growth conditions. We prove the existence of renormalized solutions for our strongly nonlinear elliptic Neumann problem.
The process of magnetic flux penetration into superconductors
Authors: Abdurazzakovich Taylanov Nizom , Xursand Bekmirzaeva , Nurmamatovich Urozov Abduxolik , Zilola Igamqulova 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the present paper the magnetic flux penetration dynamics of type-II superconductors in the flux creep regime is studied by analytically solving the nonlinear diffusion equation for the magnetic flux induction, assuming that an applied field parallel to the surface of the sample and using a power-law dependence of the differential resistivity on the magnetic field induction. An exact solution of nonlinear diffusion equation for the magnetic induction B(r, t) is obtained by using a well-known self-similar technique. We study the problem in the framework of a macroscopic approach, in which all length scales are larger than the flux-line spacing; thus, the superconductor is considered as a uniform medium.
Aging Resistances Evaluation of Multi-dimensional Nanomaterials Modified Asphalt by Characterizing Binders Recovered from Aged Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Huang Hongming , Chen Zihao , Li Juechi , Wang Junzhuo , Ding Siyin , Zhang Henglong , Wu Chaofan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In terms of the aging susceptibility of asphalt, the multi-dimensional nanomaterials (MDNMs) have been developed to improve the aging resistance of asphalt. In comparison with most of previous studies that are only based on asphalt binder aging simulation methods to evaluate anti-aging properties of MDNMs modified asphalt, aging resistances of MDNM-modified asphalt were evaluated in this research by extracting and recovering binders from their aged asphalt mixtures and then characterizing the aging degree of the extracted binders in terms of physical, rheological, and chemical properties. Organic expanded vermiculite (OEVMT) and nanoparticles (nano zinc oxide [ZnO], nano titanium dioxide [TiO2], and nano silica [SiO2]) were chosen to compose three kinds of MDNMs. And six types of aging patterns (including mixing aging [MA], short-term aging [STA], compacted and loose long-term aging [CLTA and LLTA], and compacted and loose ultraviolet (UV) aging [CUVA and LUVA]) for asphalt mixtures were conducted. The results indicate that the ranking of aging degree for the six types of aging patterns is LUVA &gt; LLTA &gt; CUVA &gt; CLTA &gt; STA &gt; MA. Regardless of the types of asphalt mixture aging patterns, the aging resistances of extracted MDNM-modified asphalt binders are all better than extracted pure asphalt binder, and the composite form of OEVMT combined with ZnO presents more significant improvements on asphalt aging resistance than the other two composite forms (OEVMT + SiO2 and OEVMT + TiO2).
Dynamic Properties of Biopolymer-Treated Loose Silty Sand Evaluated by Cyclic Triaxial Test
Authors: Smitha S. , Rangaswamy K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Improvement in certain soil properties because of biopolymer treatment has been found to imply that it could help in liquefaction mitigation. In this study, the effect of confining pressure on cyclic strength properties of agar biopolymer treated and untreated silty sand has been explored so that their behavior at varying depths, subjected to varying overburden stress, could be known. The agar-treated and untreated soils subjected to effective confining stresses of 100, 150, and 200 kPa were tested under consolidated undrained, strain-controlled cyclic triaxial loading, keeping the other parameters constant. The pore water pressure response, stress-path behavior, and effect on dynamic soil parameters were studied. The excess pore pressure and secant shear modulus were found to increase with the increase in confining pressure, whereas there wasn’t much of an effect on damping characteristics. The confining pressure had a positive effect on treated soil subjected to cyclic loading in terms of strength and stiffness because of the densification caused from confinement. In addition, durability characteristics of the treated soil were evaluated by cyclic wetting and drying tests. The N2-Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area test revealed that the surface area and pore volume decreased upon treatment, the results of which were supported by scanning electron microscopy images also.
Plasticity-Based Method for the Design and Analysis of Cold Recycled Pavement Layers
Authors: Preti Francesco , Dave Eshan V. , Romeo Elena , Tebaldi Gabriele , Sias Jo E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Asphalt cold recycling technologies allow the use of up to 100 % reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) from an existing asphalt pavement to construct new base layers and new subbase layers. Bituminous stabilized materials (BSM), obtained from cold recycling technologies, are susceptible to traffic-induced accumulation of permanent deformation. In the current design methods, BSM pavement layers are typically assumed to have a linear elastic response under traffic loading application, and this does not account for plasticity initiation and accumulation in the material. This research study provides insight on how to integrate plasticity behavior in numerical simulations of rehabilitated pavement structures with BSM. A BSM mixture prepared with 1.5 % cement by weight of total mixture and 1.5 % foamed asphalt binder content by weight of dry aggregates is characterized in the laboratory. Subsequently, a three-dimensional elastic-perfectly plastic finite element model is developed for the simulation of triaxial shear strength tests. Lab measured force-displacement curves are matched with the numerical simulations at different confining pressures. The calibrated mechanical properties are then used as input parameters in multilayer pavement models for pavement evaluation. Different pavement structures with and without BSM layers are compared in terms of a maximum allowable number of loading repetitions before reaching a 20-mm rut depth on the surface of the pavement. The results indicate that structures with BSM and traditional granular base layers yield comparable results in terms of rutting potential. In addition, the study presents a framework for the design and analysis of cold recycled pavement layers and a method to integrate the plasticity behavior of partially-bonded and unbounded layers for pavement evaluation.
Decoding Object-Based Auditory Attention from Source-Reconstructed MEG Alpha Oscillations
Authors: de Vries Ingmar E. J. , Marinato Giorgio , Baldauf Daniel 
Published: August 2021

How do we attend to relevant auditory information in complex naturalistic scenes? Much research has focused on detecting which information is attended, without regarding underlying top-down control mechanisms. Studies investigating attentional control generally manipulate and cue specific features in simple stimuli. However, in naturalistic scenes it is impossible to dissociate relevant from irrelevant information based on low-level features. Instead, the brain has to parse and select auditory objects of interest. The neural underpinnings of object-based auditory attention remain not well understood. Here we recorded MEG while 15 healthy human subjects (9 female) prepared for the repetition of an auditory object presented in one of two overlapping naturalistic auditory streams. The stream containing the repetition was prospectively cued with 70% validity. Crucially, this task could not be solved by attending low-level features, but only by processing the objects fully. We trained a linear classifier on the cortical distribution of source-reconstructed oscillatory activity to distinguish which auditory stream was attended. We could successfully classify the attended stream from alpha (8–14 Hz) activity in anticipation of repetition onset. Importantly, attention could only be classified from trials in which subjects subsequently detected the repetition, but not from miss trials. Behavioral relevance was further supported by a correlation between classification accuracy and detection performance. Decodability was not sustained throughout stimulus presentation, but peaked shortly before repetition onset, suggesting that attention acted transiently according to temporal expectations. We thus demonstrate anticipatory alpha oscillations to underlie top-down control of object-based auditory attention in complex naturalistic scenes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn everyday life, we often find ourselves bombarded with auditory information, from which we need to select what is relevant to our current goals. Previous research has highlighted how we attend to specific highly controlled aspects of the auditory input. Although invaluable, it is still unclear how this relates to attentional control in naturalistic auditory scenes. Here we used the high precision of magnetoencephalography in space and time to investigate the brain mechanisms underlying top-down control of object-based attention in ecologically valid sound scenes. We show that rhythmic activity in auditory association cortex at a frequency of ∼10 Hz (alpha waves) controls attention to currently relevant segments within the auditory scene and predicts whether these segments are subsequently detected.
Comparison of Near-Fault Displacement Interpretations from Field and Aerial Data for the M 6.5 and 7.1 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence Ruptures
Authors: Goulet Christine A. , Wang Yongfei , Nweke Chukwuebuka C. , Tang Bo-xiang , Wang Pengfei , Hudson Kenneth S. , Ahdi Sean K. , Meng Xiaofeng , Hudson Martin B. , Donnellan Andrea , Lyzenga Gregory A. , Brandenberg Scott J. , Stewart Jonathan P. , Gallien Timu , Winters Maria A. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Coseismic surface fault displacement presents a serious potential hazard for structures and for lifeline infrastructure. Distributed lifeline infrastructure tends to cover large distances and may cross faults in multiple locations, especially in active tectonic regions like California. However, fault displacement measurements for engineering applications are quite sparse, rendering the development of predictive models extremely difficult and fraught with large uncertainties. Detailed fault surface rupture mapping products exist for a few documented cases, but they may not capture the full width of ground deformations that are likely to impact distributed infrastructure. The 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence presented an ideal opportunity to collect data and evaluate the ability of different techniques to capture coseismic deformations on and near the fault ruptures. Both the M 6.5 and 7.1 events ruptured the surface in sparsely populated desert areas where little vegetation is present to obscure surficial features. Two study areas (~400 m × 500 m each) around the surface ruptures from the two events were selected. Teams of researchers were deployed and coordinated to gather data in three ways: field measurements and photographs, imagery from small uninhabited aerial systems, and imagery from airborne light detection and ranging. Each of these techniques requires different amounts of resources in terms of cost, labor, and time associated with the data collection, processing, and interpretation efforts. This article presents the data collection methods used for the two study areas, and qualitative and quantitative comparisons of the results interpretations. While all three techniques capture the key features that are important for displacement design of distributed infrastructure, the use of remote sensing methods in combination with field measurements presents an advantage over the use of any single technique.
Basin and Site Effects in the U.S. Pacific Northwest Estimated from Small-Magnitude Earthquakes
Authors: Rekoske John M. , Moschetti Morgan P. , Thompson Eric M. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTEarthquake hazards in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) are increased by the presence of deep sedimentary basins that amplify and prolong ground shaking. To better understand basin and site effects on ground motions, we compile a database of recordings from crustal and intraslab earthquakes. We process 8028 records with magnitudes from 3.5 to 6.8 and hypocentral depths up to 62 km to compute Fourier amplitude spectra of ground acceleration for frequencies of 0–20 Hz. We compute residuals relative to the Bayless and Abrahamson (2019; hereafter, BA18) ground-motion model and perform a series of linear, crossed, mixed-effects regressions. In addition to estimating the bias, event, and site terms, we incorporate groupings for broad regionalized site response in three different regions (Seattle basin, Puget Lowland, non-Puget Lowland), for effects from seismotectonic regime (crustal and intraslab sources), and for interactions between the regions and seismotectonic regimes. We find that the scaling of site response with respect to VS30 (time-averaged shear-wave velocity from the surface to a depth of 30 m) and to basin depth indicators Z1.0 and Z2.5 (depths to the 1.0 and 2.5 km/s shear-wave velocity horizons) is generally consistent with BA18; however, the region terms display strong spatial amplification patterns. For frequencies less than 5 Hz, the Seattle basin amplifies ground motions up to a factor of four, relative to the non-Puget Lowland, with a maximum amplification around near 0.5 Hz. Sites in the Puget Lowland amplify low frequencies up to a factor of 2.5. At higher frequencies (f&gt;5  Hz), the Puget Lowland and Seattle basin show regional deamplification of ground motions, with the smallest average amplification factor of 0.65 occurring at 10.0 Hz. Although we observe slight differences in the seismotectonic regime terms, we find that the region terms are significantly more important for modeling earthquake hazard in the PNW.
A Ground-Motion Model for GNSS Peak Ground Displacement
Authors: Goldberg Dara E. , Melgar Diego , Hayes Gavin P. , Crowell Brendan W. , Sahakian Valerie J. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
We present an updated ground-motion model (GMM) for Mw 6–9 earthquakes using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) observations of the peak ground displacement (PGD). Earthquake GMMs inform a range of Earth science and engineering applications, including source characterization, seismic hazard evaluations, loss estimates, and seismic design standards. A typical GMM is characterized by simplified metrics describing the earthquake source (magnitude), observation distance, and site terms. Most often, GMMs are derived from broadband seismometer and accelerometer observations, yet during strong shaking, these traditional seismic instruments are affected by baseline offsets, leading to inaccurate recordings of low-frequency ground motions such as displacement. The incorporation of geodetic data sources, particularly for characterizing the unsaturated ground displacement of large-magnitude events, has proven valuable as a complement to traditional seismic approaches and led to the development of an initial point-source GMM based on PGD estimated from high-rate GNSS data. Here, we improve the existing GMM to more effectively account for fault finiteness, slip heterogeneity, and observation distance. We evaluate the limitations of the currently available GNSS earthquake data set to calibrate the GMM. In particular, the observed earthquake data set is lacking in observations within 100 km of large-magnitude events (Mw&gt;8), inhibiting evaluation of fault dimensions for earthquakes too large to be represented as point sources in the near field. To that end, we separately consider previously validated synthetic GNSS waveforms within 10–1000 km of Mw 7.8–9.3 Cascadia subduction zone scenario ruptures. The synthetic data highlight the importance of fault distance rather than point-source metrics and improve our preparedness for large-magnitude earthquakes with spatiotemporal qualities unlike those in our existing data set.
La Trata De Personas: Cartagena Y La Explotación Sexual Del Siglo XXI
Authors: Marrugo García Ciria del Carmen 
Published: August 2021

La trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual es un flagelo que ataca a los derechos humanos, afectando su normal desarrollo social. Por ende, amerita ser atendido con la mayor diligencia posible. Este artículo busca dar a conocer cómo opera este fenómeno delictivo desde una perspectiva sexual. Para ello, se empieza a definir este hecho como una actividad ilícita, la cual ha sido considerada una compraventa de objeto con fines económicos; pero, en este caso, la connotación de “objeto” ocupa el significado de “ser humano”, en el que pasa a convertirse en una mercancía de valor. (Iellimo, s.f, pág. 95)
Evaluation of Viewpoints of final-year Students of Qazvin Dental School on Clinical Skills Based on Educational Program in 2015
Authors: Hamadzade Hamid , Sarchami Ramin , Nazeri Shahabaldin 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Self-assessment is one of the methods of benchmarking dental graduates of the acquired skills and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the current student and educational system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viewpoints of final-year students of Qazvin Dental School regarding their acquired clinical skills based on the educational program.
Methods: The type of study was descriptive cross-sectional. In this study, the clinical skill level of dental students was evaluated using a 45-item questionnaire (from the skills of 9 clinical departments). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using t-test.
Results: 24 students (10 males and 14 females) were included in the study. In general, the mean of students (out of 5 scores) was 3.41±0.30 which was in good level. There was a significant difference between the students' ability in different departments (P = 0.000). The highest ability was in endodontics (4.00) and the lowest in oral disease and diagnosis (2.98). There was no significant difference in total abilities between men and women, but the ability of women in the endodontics ward was higher than men (P = 0.002).
Conclusion: The level of ability of the students from their point of view in this study was good. There was also a difference in the skills of girls and boys in educational settings. The results of this study can be used for evaluation of strengths and weaknesses and planning for promoting education in Qazvin Dental School.
Linhas Orientadoras para Pensar, Desenvolver e Implementar a Comunicação em Saúde em Portugal
Authors: Miranda Débora , Galhordas Alves Isa , Salavisa Marta 
Published: August 2021

A pandemia pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 expôs e agravou muitas fragilidades dos sistemas de saúde, algumas já identificadas por organizações internacionais, nomeadamente as carências de meios materiais e humanos ou o insuficiente envolvimento da sociedade civil nos processos de decisão. À medida que as consequências socioeconómicas da pandemia se agravam e a fadiga pandémica se instala, outra fragilidade é posta a descoberto no espaço público e mediático: a falta de uma massa crítica de comunicação em saúde, com consequências diretas na gestão da pandemia. Comunicar neste contexto de crise e incerteza exige identificar os factos importantes a comunicar a diferentes segmentos da população, clarificar mitos e informações falsas, caracterizar as incertezas relevantes, ouvir e envolver os stakeholders e os cidadãos, desenvolver e testar as mensagens e monitorizar e avaliar as estratégias implementadas. A utilização da comunicação enquanto estratégia de apoio à gestão torna as organizações mais capazes de construir confiança, criar reputação, gerir relações com stakeholders internos e externos e de se prepararem para as incertezas do futuro, competências fundamentais para gerir uma crise sanitária. Dada a escassez de evidência científica sobre a comunicação em saúde realizada em Portugal, parte significativa da análise e diagnóstico é baseada no conhecimento empírico das autoras, adquirido através da experiência profissional, na área da comunicação, em diversas instituições de saúde. No final do artigo, as autoras propõem linhas orientadoras para pensar, desenvolver e implementar a comunicação em saúde em Portugal, nomeadamente numa crise sanitária, sustentadas numa cultura de liderança, colaboração e confiança.
KEBIJAKAN SISTEM APLIKASI PELAYANAN KEPEGAWAIAN ON-LINE UNTUK MEWUJUDKANE-GOVERNMENT DI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR (STUDI KASUS DI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR)
Authors: , Haryono , , Isharyanto , Firdaus Sunny Ummul 
Published: August 2021

<p>Abstrak <br />Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebijakan Sistem Aplikasi Pelayanan Kepegawaian On Line (SAPK On Line) untuk mewujudkan E-Government di Pemerintah Kabupaten Karanganyar studi kasus di Pemerintah Kabupaten Karanganyar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif jenis penelitian empiris. Kebijakan SAPK On Line di Badan Kepegawaian dan Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Manusia (BKPSDM) Kabupaten Karanganyar belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan karena input data Pegawai Negeri Sipil masih menggunakan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kepegawaian (SIMPEG) yang bersifat dengan format yang tidak dapat dikonversi ke dalam format SAPK On Line. Sehingga database PNS yang masuk tidak sinkron antara SAPK On Line dengan SIMPEG apabila ada PNS yang mengajukan kenaikan pangkat dan kenaikan gaji. Terutama dalam hal kenaikan pangkat, ketidak sinkronan database PNS tersebut berakibat tertundanya proses kenaikan pangkatnya. Hal inilah yang menghambat terwujudnya E-Government yang ideal di lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten kertas, sedang tujuan dari SAPK On Line yaitu paper less atau mengurangi jumlah kertas dalam setiap pelayanan kepegawaian.</p><p>Kata Kunci : SAPK On Line, E-Government, Kabupaten Karanganyar</p>