bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Origin of Sulfur‐Doped Fe‐N‐C Single‐Atom Catalyst for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity: Effect of Iron Spin‐State Tuning
Authors: Chen Zhaoyang , Niu Huan , Ding Jie , Liu Heng , Chen Pei‐Hsuan , Lu Yi‐Hsuan , Lu Ying‐Rui , Zuo Wenbin , Han Lei , Guo Yuzheng , Hung Sung‐Fu , Zhai Yueming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHeteroatom doped atomically dispersed Fe1‐NC catalysts have been found to show excellent activity toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the origin of the enhanced activity is still controversial because the structure‐function relationship governing the enhancement remains elusive. Herein, sulfur(S)‐doped Fe1‐NC catalyst was obtained as a model, which displays a superior activity for ORR towards the traditional Fe‐NC materials. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that incorporation of S in the second coordination sphere of Fe1‐NC can induce the transition of spin polarization configuration. Operando 57Fe Mössbauer spectra definitively identified the low spin single‐Fe3+‐atom of C‐FeN4‐S moiety as the active site for ORR. Moreover, DFT calculations unveiled that lower spin state of the Fe center after the S doping promotes OH* desorption process. This work elucidates the underlying mechanisms towards S doping for enhancing ORR activity, and paves a way to investigate the function of broader heteroatom doped Fe1‐NC catalysts to offer a general guideline for spin‐state‐determined ORR.
Plenty of Room at the Top: A Multi‐Scale Understanding of nm‐Resolution Polymer Patterning on 2D Materials
Authors: Shi Anni , Villarreal Terry A. , Singh Anamika , Hayes Tyler R. , Davis Tyson C. , Brooks Jacob T. , Claridge Shelley A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLamellar phases of alkyldiacetylenes in which the alkyl chains lie parallel to the substrate represent a straightforward means for scalable 1‐nm‐resolution interfacial patterning. This capability has the potential for substantial impacts in nanoscale electronics, energy conversion, and biomaterials design. Polymerization is required to set the 1‐nm functional patterns embedded in the monolayer, making it important to understand structure–function relationships for these on‐surface reactions. Polymerization can be observed for certain monomers at the single‐polymer scale using scanning probe microscopy. However, substantial restrictions on the systems that can be effectively characterized have limited utility. Here, using a new multi‐scale approach, we identify a large, previously unreported difference in polymerization efficiency between the two most widely used commercial diynoic acids. We further identify a core design principle for maximizing polymerization efficiency in these on‐surface reactions, generating a new monomer that also exhibits enhanced polymerization efficiency.
Solid‐State Red Laser with a Single Longitudinal Mode from Carbon Dots
Authors: Zhang Yongqiang , Song Haoqiang , Wang Lu , Yu Jingkun , Wang Boyang , Hu Yongsheng , Zang Shuang‐Quan , Yang Bai , Lu Siyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMiniaturized solid‐state lasers with a single longitudinal mode are vital for various photonic applications. Here we prepare red‐emissive carbon dots (CDs) with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 65.5 % by combining graphitic nitrogen doping and surface modification. High‐concentration doping alters the CDs’ emission from blue to red, while the electron‐donating groups and polymer coating on their surfaces improve the PLQY and photostability. The CDs exhibit excellent stimulated emission characteristics, with a low threshold of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and long gain lifetime. A planar microcavity with only one resonant mode, which fitted with the CDs’ ASE peak, was constructed. Combining the CDs and microcavity produced a solid‐state laser with a single longitudinal mode, a linewidth of 0.14 nm and a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 14.8 dB (Q∼4600). Our results will aid the development of colorful solid‐state micro/nano lasers with potential use in practical photonics.
Irradiation‐Wavelength Directing Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Self‐Organized Helical Superstructures Enabled by Hydrogen‐Bonded Chiral Fluorescent Molecular Switches
Authors: He Yanrong , Zhang Shu , Bisoyi Hari Krishna , Qiao Jinghui , Chen Hong , Gao JingJing , Guo Jinbao , Li Quan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTwo light‐driven chiral fluorescent molecular switches, (R,S,R)‐switch 1 and (R,S,R)‐switch 2, are prepared by means of hydrogen‐bonded (H‐bonded) assembly of a photoresponsive (S) chiral fluorescent molecule, respectively with a cyano substitution at different positions as an H‐bond acceptor and an opposite (R) chiral molecule as an H‐bond donor. The resulting two switches exhibit tunable and reversible Z/E photoisomerization irradiated with 450 nm blue and 365 nm UV light. When doped into an achiral liquid crystal, both switches are found to be able to form a CPL tunable luminescent helical superstructure. In contrast to the tunable CPL characteristics of the system incorporating switch 2, exposure of the system incorporating switch 1 to 365 nm and 450 nm radiation can lead to controllable different photostationary CPL behavior, including switching‐off and polarization inversion. In addition, optical information coding is demonstrated using the system containing switch 1.
Plasma characteristic metabolites of pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation
Authors: An Li , Lin Lili , Wang Shouchuan , Xie Tong , Yang Yan , Zhai Wensheng , Du Lina , Li Weiwei , Shen Cunsi , Zhang Ying , Shan Jinjun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCommunity‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. Heat syndrome (HS) and cold syndrome (CS) are two main syndrome types of pediatric CAP in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This study aimed to identify plasma metabolic profiles in pediatric CAP and to further select potential biomarkers to distinguish between HS and CS. An ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap quadrupole‐orbitrap mass spectrometry method was applied to plasma samples of 296 patients and 55 healthy controls (HC). The samples were divided into the discovery group (n = 213, HS = 160, CS = 23, HC = 30) and the validation group (n = 138, HS = 93, CS = 20, HC = 25). The orthogonal partial least‐squares discriminant analysis, the value of fold change, and Kruskal–Wallis test with false discovery rate correction (q‐value <0.05) were applied to identify differential plasma metabolites. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the screened metabolites. The results showed that the plasma levels of aspartic acid, phenylalanine, arginine, lysoPC20:1, lysoPE16:0, lysoPE18:0, and PE (16:0_22:6) were increased in CS compared with HC. The plasma levels of PC (18:1_18:1), PC (20:4_20:4), PE (16:0_18:2), lysoPE20:4, lysoPE18:2, and lysoPE22:6 were decreased, whereas, the plasma level of ceramide (d18:1_24:1) was increased in HS compared with HC. There were 13 differential metabolites in CS (AUC = 0.995) and 15 differential metabolites in HS (AUC = 0.954), compared with HC. A panel of seven biomarkers, including LysoPC20:1, lysoPE16:0, lysoPE18:2, lysoPE20:4, lysoPE22:6, PC (18:1_18:1), and PC (20:4_20:4) showed good discrimination between HS and CS with an AUC of 0.982. Altered plasma amino acids and lipids may provide an objective basis for TCM syndrome differentiation in pediatric CAP.
Selective coordination of cobalt ions by zinc fingers in Escherichia coli
Authors: Yoon Chungwoon , Lee Seung Jae 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe ability of peptides to coordinate with specific metal ions is crucial for environmental protection and recycling processes, because of the toxicity and scarcity of the ions. One‐third of proteins in biological systems have binding affinities to specific metal ions, and thus, can be further applied to collect precious metal ions. Zinc ion is a necessary co‐factor for the regulation of physiological responses in biological systems, because of its ability to bind biomolecules. In this study, three zinc finger (ZF) domains (PARIS_ZF2‐4) from Parkin‐interacting substrates (PARIS) were used to harvest heterometals such as Co2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ in Escherichia coli. Spectroscopic results demonstrated that PARIS_ZF2‐4 can coordinate with Co2+ during expression. Purified PARIS_ZF2‐4 generated specific d–d transition bands (570 and 644 nm), which were monitored upon the addition of Co2+ to apo‐PARIS_ZF2‐4. These results can facilitate the possible applications of the ZF domain in heterometal substitution and elimination in biological systems.
Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
Authors: de Gurtubay Iñaki Garcia , Bermejo Pedro , Lopez Miguel , Larraya Iñaki , Librero Julian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundElectrical auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is an emerging therapy. Stimuli are transported to brainstem nuclei, whereby its multiple projections reach to many subcortical and cortical areas, thus allowing the neuromodulation of several systemic physiological processes. We aim to define the best auricular target for taVNS through vagus somatosensory evoked potential (VSEP) elicited stimulating different auricular areas with different electrode sizes.MethodsTwenty‐six subjects were enrolled. Three stimulation areas were studied: simultaneous cymba and cavum (CC), cymba (C) and earlobe (L); and two electrode sizes: extra‐large (X) and small (S). We studied the effect of five combinations (CCX, CCS, CS, LX and LS) on VSEP´s latency and amplitude, and sensory and pain threshold (Pt) using a lineal mixed model regression analysis. We used CS combination, used in a commercial device, as reference model.ResultsValid VSEP were obtained for CCX, CCS and CS but not in LX and LS. Both CCS and CCX tests showed significant amplitude increases. The same effect was observed in CCX using CCS as reference. Significant increases in Pt were found for CCX and LX. The same effect was observed in CCX using LX as reference.ConclusionThe results suggest that CC and C areas are active targets for taVNS but not for earlobe, as anatomical data support. Considering that amplitude reflects the synchronized electrical activity generated, we conclude the most effective topography is the simultaneous stimulation of cymba and concha. The use of X‐sized electrodes increases the amplitudes and makes the stimulation more comfortable.
Assessment of human adipose‐derived stem cell on surface‐modified silicone implant to reduce capsular contracture formation
Authors: Sutthiwanjampa Chanutchamon , Shin Byung Ho , Ryu Na Eun , Kang Shin Hyuk , Heo Chan Yeong , Park Hansoo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMedical devices made from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)‐based silicone implants have been broadly used owing to their inert properties, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. However, long‐term implantation is usually associated with complications, such as capsular contracture due to excessive local inflammatory response, subsequently requiring implant removal. Therefore, modification of the silicone surface to reduce a risk of capsular contracture has attracted increasing attention. Human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs) are known to provide potentially therapeutic applications for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and reconstructive surgery. Herein, hASCs coating on a PDMS (hASC‐PDMS) or itaconic acid (IA)‐conjugated PDMS (hASC‐IA‐PDMS) surface is examined to determine its biocompatibility for reducing capsular contracture on the PDMS surface. In vitro cell cytotoxicity evaluation showed that hASCs on IA‐PDMS exhibit higher cell viability than hASCs on PDMS. A lower release of proinflammatory cytokines is observed in hASC‐PDMS and hASC‐IA‐PDMS compared to the cells on plate. Multiple factors, including in vivo mRNA expression levels of cytokines related to fibrosis; number of inflammatory cells; number of macrophages and myofibroblasts; capsule thickness; and collagen density following implantation in rats for 60 days, indicate that incorporated coating hASCs on PDMSs most effectively reduces capsular contracture. This study demonstrates the potential of hASCs coating for the modification of PDMS surfaces in enhancing surface biocompatibility for reducing capsular contracture of PDMS‐based medical devices.
Prevalence, determinants, and outcomes of SARS‐COV‐2 infection among cancer patients. A population‐based study in northern Italy
Authors: Serraino Diego , Zucchetto Antonella , Dal Maso Luigino , Del Zotto Stefania , Taboga Francesca , Clagnan Elena , Fratino Lucia , Tosolini Francesca , Burba Ivana 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt is well established that cancer patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 are at particularly elevated risk of adverse outcomes, but the comparison of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection risk between cancer patients and cancer‐free individuals has been poorly investigated on a population‐basis.MethodsA population‐based study was thus conducted in Friuli Venezia Giulia region, northeastern Italy, to estimate prevalence and determinants of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among cancer patients, as compared to cancer‐free individuals, and to evaluate adverse outcomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The study included 263,042 individuals tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 in February–December 2020 with cancer history retrieved through the regional cancer registry. Odds ratios (ORs) of SARS‐CoV‐2 positivity, with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were calculated using multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for sex and age. Hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for sex and age for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and all‐cause death were estimated using Cox models.ResultsAmong 26,394 cancer patients tested for SARS‐CoV‐2, the prevalence of infection was 11.7% versus 16.2% among 236,648 cancer‐free individuals, with a corresponding OR = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.57–0.62). The prevalence was much higher (29% in both groups) during the second pandemic wave (October–December 2020). Among cancer patients, age ≥80 years and cancer diagnosis ≥13 months before SARS‐CoV‐2 testing were the major risk factors of infection. Among 3098 infected cancer patients, the fatality rate was 17.4% versus 15.8% among 23,296 negative ones (HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.49–1.78), and versus 5.0% among 38,268 infected cancer‐free individuals (HR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.12–1.36). No significant differences emerged when considering ICU admission risk.ConclusionAlbeit cancer patients reported reduced SARS‐CoV‐2 infection risk, those infected showed higher mortality than uninfected ones and infected cancer‐free population. Study findings claim for continuing to protect cancer patients from SARS‐CoV‐2, without reducing the level of oncologic care.
Consumer intention to purchase and corporate social responsibility: Evidence from an experiment in an entrepreneurial context
Authors: Liu Yun , Xu Cheng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrevious research has addressed the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives on consumer purchase intention (CPI). However, most of the empirical evidence is based on the analysis of mature large‐scale firms; much less examines the effects of CSR initiatives on CPI in entrepreneurial contexts. In this study, we address this gap by investigating whether entrepreneurial start‐ups' declaration of CSR engagement affects consumers' purchasing intent. We assert that consumers may consider firms' CSR engagement as a signal for unobserved product quality. We exploit a vignette experimental approach to test our theoretical predictions. In our experiment, participants received online invitations to subscribe to an electronic catalog that advertised various products supplied by entrepreneurial start‐ups. The invitations are of five types, some of which presenting different CSR‐related information on the suppliers to the participants. Overall, we find that the displayed information on CSR engagement promotes participants' willingness to subscribe to the electronic catalog, indicating that consumers will increase their purchase intentions for ethically oriented suppliers. Moreover, we find that among all the initiatives, external CSR initiatives (social contribution and environmental responsibility) promote consumers' intentions to purchase most effectively. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to explore the effects of different CSR initiatives on entrepreneurial start‐ups in entrepreneurship literature. We highlight the heterogeneous effects of CSR initiatives on CPI, contributing new insights to research on CSR and consumer behavior.
Assessment of nursing students’ research competencies with competency‐based education
Authors: Grande Rizal Angelo N. , Berdida Daniel Joseph E. , Villagracia Hazel N. , Ablao Jay Nantin , Garcia Paul Reinald B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere is a preponderance of studies on nurses’ research competency and its benefits to the nursing profession. However, investigations on nursing students’ research competency in the context of competency‐based education (CBE) remain underreported.ObjectiveThis study investigated the predictors and associations of Saudi nursing students’ research competencies using CBE approach.MethodsThis research used a descriptive, cross‐sectional design. A total enumeration sampling or census of 347 nursing students from three Saudi Arabian state universities who had finished the nursing research course was used. The 24‐item Research Competency Scale for Nursing Students (RCS‐N) was utilized to collect data, which was then analyzed using the chi‐squared test and logistic regression.ResultsMost nursing students were familiar with the nursing research process. There is a strong link between research competencies and age and marks obtained in nursing research course. Age and nursing research course marks (A+/A) were significant predictors of nursing research competency. Thus, students who earned A+/A grades were three times more likely to be competent than those who had lower grades. Similarly, nursing students over the age of 20 years are twice as likely to be research competent as those under 20.ConclusionAs there are few reports on nursing research competency, CBE helps nursing research instructors create relevant intended learning outcomes (ILOs), allowing them to assess each research step's ILOs more efficiently. Additionally, incorporating functionalist, behaviorist, and constructivist learning theories into the CBE in nursing research course will be more beneficial.
Physicochemical properties of Frontière rice flour and its application in a gluten‐free cupcake
Authors: Aleman Ricardo S. , Morris Anita , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon , Moncada Marvin , King Joan M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesRecently, the LSU AgCenter developed a high‐protein rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L.) called Frontière, which is non‐GMO and it is the first of its kind to be developed for commercial applications worldwide. As a result, the physicochemical and thermal properties of the Frontière rice flours and commercial rice flours were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Brabender Viscometer (RVA). Rheological properties were determined using a rheometer by small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) and steady shear. Cupcakes were developed using these flours, and the texture and color were determined. For the high‐protein rice flours (white and brown), thermal, rheological, pasting, and chemical attributes were evaluated (p < .05) and compared with commercial rice flours.Findings: Gelatinization temperatures (Tp) varied between 70.90℃ and 76.33℃, and the enthalpies (∆H) ranged from 3.29 to 7.60 J/g. In the pasting properties by Rapid Visco Analysis (RVA), the values of peak viscosity ranged from 2,322 to 2,344 cP. In addition, proximate composition of high‐protein rice flours (moisture, ash, fat, and protein) varied as follows: 12.39%–13.49%, 0.74%–1.83%, 0.66%–1.39%, and 10.23%–12.21%, while starch and amylose levels were 65.41%–75.15% (dry basis) and 10.19%–20.57%.ConclusionsThe rheological properties were mainly affected by apparent amylose and protein content, and weaker gel behaviors were observed for brown rice flour dispersions. As for the cupcakes characteristics, the texture and color were influenced by the type of flour used.Significance and noveltyFlour from a new higher protein rice variety was characterized for physiochemical properties and tested for use in gluten‐free cupcakes. This information is useful to ingredient companies who may be interested in the use of this flour in bakery products.
A case of jugular bulb diverticulum causing pulsatile tinnitus
Authors: Fukumoto Ichiro , Yamasaki Kazuki , Yonekura Shuji , Iinuma Tomohisa , Mita Yukiyoshi , Sonobe Yuri , Hanazawa Toyoyuki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIf you suspect pulsatile tinnitus from a medical interview, you should check for jugular bulb diverticulum and cortical bone defects on temporal bone CT, in addition to thorough physical examination and contrast‐enhanced imaging.
Postmenopausal virilization secondary to a large ovarian cystadenoma with stromal hyperthecosis
Authors: Nizam Wasay , Shah Adil Aijaz , Cornwell Edward E. , Naab Tammey , Williams Mallory 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOvarian cystadenomas may present in a functional manner. Biochemical workup of seemingly benign ovarian lesions should be considered in the appropriate clinical context.
Novel SuperMap feature of dipole charge density mapping technique offers advantages for redo catheter ablation in highly symptomatic patients with inappropriate sinus tachycardia: A case series
Authors: Gagyi Rita B. , Bhagwandien Rohit E. , Szili‐Torok Tamas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAblation procedures using classical sequential mapping systems may fail to eliminate IAST. The AcQMap dipole charge density mapping technique may offer improved accuracy and has a potential added value for the ultimate success of eliminating IAST. The use of the AcQMap should be considered for redo, as well as first line therapy for patients with symptomatic IAST.
First psychotic episode, related to COVID‐19 pandemic, in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Brahmi Lina , Ben Ammar Hanen , Messaoud Safa , Hamdi Ghada , Khelifa Emira , Mnif Leila 
Published: September 2021

AbstractClinical symptoms of tuberous sclerosis may occur because of exposure to a stressful event like COVID‐19. During pandemics, specific considerations should be deserved to the mental state of people suffering from genetic diseases to prevent mental illness caused by a coronavirus.
A case of emergency pancreatoduodenectomy for bleeding from the duodenal mucosa due to arteriovenous malformation of the pancreatic head
Authors: Kitazono Masaki , Fujita Makoto , Katsue Katsugi , Ikeda Naotaka , Oyama Tomohiro , Eguchi Mayumi , Kamimura Go , Sato Rikiya , Uchiyama Shuichiro , Toyosaki Ryoichi , Suenaga Toyokuni 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA rare case of bleeding from the duodenal mucosa due to arteriovenous malformation of the pancreatic head is reported. Caution needs to be observed, then excision may be necessary since noninvasive treatment such as coil embolization is not enough for complete hemostasis when patient suddenly decompensates.
Case report: Antenatal diagnostic of a polymalformative syndrome due to biallelic BRCA2 mutations
Authors: Anquetil Aude , Khung Savatovsky Suonavy , Gavard Laurent , Bazin Anne , Guimiot Fabien , Dubourg Christele , Mandelbrot Laurent , Picone Olivier 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTesting the partner of a BRCA2 carrier must always be discussed. If both members of the couple are BRCA2 carriers, they should be informed about the high risks of polymalformative syndromes.