bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta-analysis indicating extra-short implants (≤ 6 mm) as an alternative to longer implants (≥ 8 mm) with bone augmentation
Authors: Yu Xiaoran , Xu Ruogu , Zhang Zhengchuan , Yang Yang , Deng Feilong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractExtra-short implants, of which clinical outcomes remain controversial, are becoming a potential option rather than long implants with bone augmentation in atrophic partially or totally edentulous jaws. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and complications between extra-short implants (≤ 6 mm) and longer implants (≥ 8 mm), with and without bone augmentation procedures. Electronic (via PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library) and manual searches were performed for articles published prior to November 2020. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing extra-short implants and longer implants in the same study reporting survival rate with an observation period at least 1 year were selected. Data extraction and methodological quality (AMSTAR-2) was assessed by 2 authors independently. A quantitative meta-analysis was performed to compare the survival rate, marginal bone loss (MBL), biological and prosthesis complication rate. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool 2 and the quality of evidence was determined with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. 21 RCTs were included, among which two were prior registered and 14 adhered to the CONSORT statement. No significant difference was found in the survival rate between extra-short and longer implant at 1- and 3-years follow-up (RR: 1.002, CI 0.981 to 1.024,P = 0.856 at 1 year; RR: 0.996, CI 0.968 to 1.025,P  = 0.772 at 3 years, moderate quality), while longer implants had significantly higher survival rate than extra-short implants (RR: 0.970, CI 0.944 to 0.997,P < 0.05) at 5 years. Interestingly, no significant difference was observed when bone augmentations were performed at 5 years (RR: 0.977, CI 0.945 to 1.010,P = 0.171 for reconstructed bone; RR: 0.955, CI 0.912 to 0.999,P < 0.05 for native bone). Both the MBL (from implant placement) (WMD: − 0.22, CI − 0.277 to − 0.164,P < 0.01, low quality) and biological complications rate (RR: 0.321, CI 0.243 to 0.422,P < 0.01, moderate quality) preferred extra-short implants. However, there was no significant difference in terms of MBL (from prosthesis restoration) (WMD: 0.016, CI − 0.036 to 0.068,P = 0.555, moderate quality) or prosthesis complications rate (RR: 1.308, CI 0.893 to 1.915,P = 0.168, moderate quality). The placement of extra-short implants could be an acceptable alternative to longer implants in atrophic posterior arch. Further high-quality RCTs with a long follow-up period are required to corroborate the present outcomes.Registration numberThe review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020155342).
Synthesis of no-carrier-added [188, 189, 191Pt]cisplatin from a cyclotron produced 188, 189, 191PtCl42− complex
Authors: Obata Honoka , Minegishi Katsuyuki , Nagatsu Kotaro , Ogawa Mikako , Zhang Ming-Rong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe developed a novel method for production of no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) [188, 189, 191Pt]PtIICl42− from an Ir target material, and then synthesized n.c.a. [*Pt]cis-[PtIICl2(NH3)2] ([*Pt]cisplatin) from [*Pt]PtIICl42−. [*Pt]PtIICl42− was prepared as a synthetic precursor of n.c.a. *Pt complex by a combination of resin extraction and anion-exchange chromatography after the selective reduction of IrIVCl62− with ascorbic acid. The ligand-substitution reaction of Cl with NH3 was promoted by treating n.c.a. [*Pt]PtIICl42− with excess NH3 and heating the reaction mixture, and n.c.a. [*Pt]cisplatin was successfully produced without employing precipitation routes. After this treatment, [*Pt]cisplatin was isolated through preparative HPLC with a radiochemical purity of 99 + % at the end of synthesis (EOS).
How the first years of motherhood impact the cardiac autonomic profile of female healthcare professionals: a study by heart rate variability analysis
Authors: Dalla Vecchia Laura Adelaide , De Maria Beatrice , Cassetti Giuseppina , Clementi Letizia , De Grazia Valeria , Perego Francesca , Porta Alberto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe conciliation between career and family is a relevant issue for working women, in particular during the first years of motherhood. Data about the state of the cardiac autonomic regulation in working women with preschoolers are lacking. Aim of this study was to compare the cardiac autonomic profile of female healthcare professionals with and without preschoolers via the analysis of the variability of the time distance between two consecutive R-wave peaks (RR) from standard 24-h Holter electrocardiogram (ECG). Fifty healthy active female healthcare professionals were enrolled: 25 with at least one preschooler (W_KID) and 25 without (W_NOKID). A standard Holter ECG was obtained during a regular working day. Segments of 5000 consecutive RRs were selected during daytime (DAY) and nighttime (NIGHT). Heart rate variability analysis was performed and the following parameters were considered for comparison between the two groups: mean (μRR), variance (σ2RR), and the absolute power in high frequency component (HF) of RR (HFRR) series. HFRR was considered as a marker of vagal cardiac modulation. Only µRR significantly increased from DAY to NIGHT in both groups (699 ± 88 vs 887 ± 140 ms in W_KID and 728 ± 90 vs 942 ± 166 ms in W_NOKID). Instead, σ2RR and HFRR increased from DAY to NIGHT only in W_NOKID (from 3334 ± 2153 to 4816 ± 4063 ms2 and from 356 ± 334 to 1397 ± 1629 ms2, respectively). W_KID showed lower σ2RR and HFRR during NIGHT, compared to W_NOKID (2336 ± 3170 vs 4816 ± 4063 ms2 and 556 ± 950 vs 1397 ± 1629 ms2, respectively). The perceived stress according to the visual analogue scale was similar in the two groups (4.7 ± 2.1 in W_KID, 5.7 ± 2.1 in W_NOKID). The presence of preschoolers lowered nocturnal cardiac vagal modulation in female healthcare professionals. This might represent an adaptation with a finalistic purpose, scilicet the facilitation of a prompt reaction in case of a child’s need.
A deep learning model for the classification of indeterminate lung carcinoma in biopsy whole slide images
Authors: Kanavati Fahdi , Toyokawa Gouji , Momosaki Seiya , Takeoka Hiroaki , Okamoto Masaki , Yamazaki Koji , Takeo Sadanori , Iizuka Osamu , Tsuneki Masayuki 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe differentiation between major histological types of lung cancer, such as adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is of crucial importance for determining optimum cancer treatment. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)-stained slides of small transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) are one of the primary sources for making a diagnosis; however, a subset of cases present a challenge for pathologists to diagnose from H&E-stained slides alone, and these either require further immunohistochemistry or are deferred to surgical resection for definitive diagnosis. We trained a deep learning model to classify H&E-stained Whole Slide Images of TBLB specimens into ADC, SCC, SCLC, and non-neoplastic using a training set of 579 WSIs. The trained model was capable of classifying an independent test set of 83 challenging indeterminate cases with a receiver operator curve area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99. We further evaluated the model on four independent test sets—one TBLB and three surgical, with combined total of 2407 WSIs—demonstrating highly promising results with AUCs ranging from 0.94 to 0.99.
Climate change and specialty coffee potential in Ethiopia
Authors: Chemura Abel , Mudereri Bester Tawona , Yalew Amsalu Woldie , Gornott Christoph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCurrent climate change impact studies on coffee have not considered impact on coffee typicities that depend on local microclimatic, topographic and soil characteristics. Thus, this study aims to provide a quantitative risk assessment of the impact of climate change on suitability of five premium specialty coffees in Ethiopia. We implement an ensemble model of three machine learning algorithms to predict current and future (2030s, 2050s, 2070s, and 2090s) suitability for each specialty coffee under four Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). Results show that the importance of variables determining coffee suitability in the combined model is different from those for specialty coffees despite the climatic factors remaining more important in determining suitability than topographic and soil variables. Our model predicts that 27% of the country is generally suitable for coffee, and of this area, only up to 30% is suitable for specialty coffees. The impact modelling showed that the combined model projects a net gain in coffee production suitability under climate change in general but losses in five out of the six modelled specialty coffee growing areas. We conclude that depending on drivers of suitability and projected impacts, climate change will significantly affect the Ethiopian speciality coffee sector and area-specific adaptation measures are required to build resilience.
Seasonal calving in European Prehistoric cattle and its impacts on milk availability and cheese-making
Authors: Balasse Marie , Gillis Rosalind , Živaljević Ivana , Berthon Rémi , Kovačiková Lenka , Fiorillo Denis , Arbogast Rose-Marie , Bălăşescu Adrian , Bréhard Stéphanie , Nyerges Éva Á. , Dimitrijević Vesna , Bánffy Eszter , Domboróczki László , Marciniak Arkadiusz , Oross Krisztián , Vostrovská Ivana , Roffet-Salque Mélanie , Stefanović Sofija , Ivanova Maria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPresent-day domestic cattle are reproductively active throughout the year, which is a major asset for dairy production. Large wild ungulates, in contrast, are seasonal breeders, as were the last historic representatives of the aurochs, the wild ancestors of cattle. Aseasonal reproduction in cattle is a consequence of domestication and herding, but exactly when this capacity developed in domestic cattle is still unknown and the extent to which early farming communities controlled the seasonality of reproduction is debated. Seasonal or aseasonal calving would have shaped the socio-economic practices of ancient farming societies differently, structuring the agropastoral calendar and determining milk availability where dairying is attested. In this study, we reconstruct the calving pattern through the analysis of stable oxygen isotope ratios of cattle tooth enamel from 18 sites across Europe, dating from the 6th mill. cal BC (Early Neolithic) in the Balkans to the 4th mill. cal BC (Middle Neolithic) in Western Europe. Seasonal calving prevailed in Europe between the 6th and 4th millennia cal BC. These results suggest that cattle agropastoral systems in Neolithic Europe were strongly constrained by environmental factors, in particular forage resources. The ensuing fluctuations in milk availability would account for cheese-making, transforming a seasonal milk supply into a storable product.
Role of hepatitis D virus infection in development of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues
Authors: Jang Tyng-Yuan , Wei Yu-Ju , Liu Ta-Wei , Yeh Ming-Lun , Liu Shu-Fen , Hsu Cheng-Ting , Hsu Po-Yao , Lin Yi-Hung , Liang Po-Cheng , Hsieh Meng-Hsuan , Ko Yu-Min , Tsai Yi-Shan , Chen Kuan-Yu , Lin Ching-Chih , Tsai Pei-Chien , Wang Shu-Chi , Huang Ching-I. , Lin Zu-Yau , Chen Shinn-Cherng , Chuang Wan-Long , Huang Jee-Fu , Dai Chia-Yen , Huang Chung-Feng , Yu Ming-Lung 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHepatitis D virus (HDV) infection increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the natural course of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Its role in patients treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogues (NAs) is unclear. We aimed to study the role of hepatitis D in the development of HCC in CHB patients treated with NAs. Altogether, 1349 CHB patients treated with NAs were tested for anti-HDV antibody and RNA. The incidence and risk factors of HCC development were analyzed. Rates of anti-HDV and HDV RNA positivity were 2.3% and 1.0%, respectively. The annual incidence of HCC was 1.4 per 100 person-years after a follow-up period of over 5409.5 person-years. The strongest factor association with HCC development was liver cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR]/95% confidence interval [CI] 9.98/5.11–19.46, P < 0.001), followed by HDV RNA positivity (HR/ CI 5.73/1.35–24.29, P = 0.02), age > 50 years old (HR/CI 3.64/2.03–6.54, P < 0.001), male gender (HR/CI 2.69/1.29–5.60, P: 0.01), and body mass index (BMI, HR/CI 1.11/1.03–1.18, P = 0.004). The 5-year cumulative incidence of HCC was 7.3% for patients with HDV RNA negativity compared to that of 22.2% for patients with HDV RNA positivity (P = 0.01). In the subgroup of cirrhotic patients, the factors associated with HCC development were HDV RNA positivity (HR/CI 4.45/1.04–19.09, P = 0.04) and BMI (HR/CI 1.11/1.03–1.19, P = 0.01). HDV viremia played a crucial role in HCC development in CHB patients who underwent NA therapy.
Stellar kinematics in the nuclear regions of nearby LIRGs with VLT-SINFONI
Authors: Crespo Gómez A. , Piqueras López J. , Arribas S. , Pereira-Santaella M. , Colina L. , Rodríguez del Pino B. 
Published: April 2021

Context.Nearby luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) are often considered to be the local counterpart of the star forming galaxy (SFG) population atz > 1. Therefore, local LIRGs are ideal systems with which to perform spatially resolved studies on the physical processes that govern these objects and to validate assumptions made in high-zstudies because of a lack of sensitivity and/or spatial resolution.Aims.In this work we analyse the spatially resolved kinematics of the stellar component in the innerr < 1–2 kpc of ten nearby (meanz = 0.014) LIRGs, establishing the dynamical state of the stars and estimating their dynamical masses (Mdyn). We compare the stellar kinematics with those for different gas phases, and analyse the relative effects of using different tracers when estimating dynamical masses.Methods.We use seeing-limited SINFONIH- andK-band spectroscopy in combination with ancillary infrared (IR) imaging from various instruments (NICMOS/F160W, NACO/Ks and IRAC/3.6 μm). The stellar kinematics are extracted in both near-IR bands by fitting the continuum emission usingpPXF. The velocity maps are then modelled as rotating discs and used to extract the geometrical parameters (i.e. centre, PA, and inclination), which are compared with their photometric counterparts extracted from the near-IR images. We use the stellar and the previously extracted gas velocity and velocity dispersion maps to estimate the dynamical mass using the different tracers.Results.We find that the different gas phases have similar kinematics, whereas the stellar component is rotating with slightly lower velocities (i.e.V*∼ 0.8Vg) but in significantly warmer orbits (i.e.σ*∼ 2σg) than the gas phases, resulting in significantly lowerV/σfor the stars (i.e. ∼1.5–2) than for the gas (i.e. ∼4–6). These ratios can be understood if the stars are rotating in thick discs while the gas phases are confined in dynamically cooler (i.e. thinner) rotating discs. However, these differences do not lead to significant discrepancies between the dynamical mass estimations based on the stellar and gas kinematics. This result suggests that the gas kinematics can be used to estimateMdynalso inz ∼ 2 SFGs, a galaxy population that shares many structural and kinematic properties with local LIRGs.
Fast outflows in protoplanetary nebulae and young planetary nebulae observed by Herschel/HIFI
Authors: Lorenzo M. , Teyssier D. , Bujarrabal V. , García-Lario P. , Alcolea J. , Verdugo E. , Marston A. 
Published: April 2021

Context. Fast outflows and their interaction with slow shells (generally known as the fossil circumstellar envelope of asymptotic giant branch stars) play an important role in the structure and kinematics of protoplanetary and planetary nebulae (pPNe, PNe). To properly study their effects within these objects, we also need to observe the intermediate-temperature gas, which is only detectable in the far-infrared and submillimetre (submm) transitions.
Aims. We study the physical conditions of the outflows presented in a number of pPNe and PNe, with a focus on their temperature and excitation states.
Methods. We carried out Herschel/HIFI observations in the submm lines of 12CO in nine pPNe and nine PNe and complemented them with low-J CO spectra obtained with the IRAM 30m telescope and taken from the literature. The spectral resolution of HIFI allows us to identify and measure the different nebular components in the line profiles. The comparison with large velocity gradient model predictions was used to estimate the physical conditions of the warm gas in the nebulae, such as excitation conditions, temperature, and density.
Results. We found high kinetic temperatures for the fast winds of pPNe, typically reaching between 75 K and 200 K. In contrast, the high-velocity gas in the sampled PNe is colder, with characteristic temperatures between 25 K and 75 K, and it is found in a lower excitation state. We interpret this correlation of the kinetic temperature and excitation state of fast outflows with the amount of time elapsed since their acceleration (probably driven by shocks) as a consequence of the cooling that occurred during the pPN phase.
Uncovering erosion effects on magnetic flux rope twist
Authors: Pal Sanchita , Kilpua Emilia , Good Simon , Pomoell Jens , Price Daniel J. 
Published: April 2021

Context.Magnetic clouds (MCs) are transient structures containing large-scale magnetic flux ropes from solar eruptions. The twist of magnetic field lines around the rope axis reveals information about flux rope formation processes and geoeffectivity. During propagation MC flux ropes may erode via reconnection with the ambient solar wind. Any erosion reduces the magnetic flux and helicity of the ropes, and changes their cross-sectional twist profiles.Aims.This study relates twist profiles in MC flux ropes observed at 1 AU to the amount of erosion undergone by the MCs in interplanetary space.Methods.The twist profiles of two clearly identified MC flux ropes associated with the clear appearance of post eruption arcades in the solar corona are analyzed. To infer the amount of erosion, the magnetic flux content of the ropes in the solar atmosphere is estimated, and compared to estimates at 1 AU.Results.The first MC shows a monotonically decreasing twist from the axis to the periphery, while the second displays high twist at the axis, rising twist near the edges, and lower twist in between. The first MC displays a larger reduction in magnetic flux between the Sun and 1 AU, suggesting more erosion than that seen in the second MC.Conclusions.In the second cloud the rising twist at the rope edges may have been due to an envelope of overlying coronal field lines with relatively high twist, formed by reconnection beneath the erupting flux rope in the low corona. This high-twist envelope remained almost intact from the Sun to 1 AU due to the low erosion levels. In contrast, the high-twist envelope of the first cloud may have been entirely peeled away via erosion by the time it reaches 1 AU.
Phase-resolved spectrum of the Crab pulsar from NICER
Authors: Vivekanand M. 
Published: April 2021

Context. Studies of the high-energy emission regions of rotation-powered pulsars are typically based on folded light curves (FLCs) and phase-resolved spectra (PRS).
Aims. This work uses the NICER observatory to obtain the highest resolution FLC and PRS of the Crab pulsar at soft X-ray energies.
Methods. NICER has accumulated about 347 ksec of data on the Crab pulsar. The data were processed using the standard analysis pipeline. Stringent filtering was done for spectral analysis. The individual detectors are calibrated in terms of the long-time light curve (LTLC), raw spectrum, and deadtime. The arrival times of the photons are established in reference to the Solar System barycenter, while the rotation frequency ν and its time derivative ν˙ are used to derive the rotation phase of each photon.
Results. The LTLCs, raw spectra, and deadtimes of the individual detectors are statistically similar; the latter two show no evolution with epoch and the detector deadtime is independent of photon energy. The deadtime for the Crab pulsar, taking into account the two types of deadtime, is only ≈7–8% larger than that obtained using the cleaned events. Detector 00 behaves slightly differently from the rest, but can be used for spectral work. The PRS of the two peaks of the Crab pulsar are obtained at a resolution that is better than 1∕512 in rotation phase. The FLC very close to the first peak rises slowly and falls faster. The spectral index of the PRS is almost constant very close to the first peak.
Conclusions. The high-resolution FLC and PRS of the peaks of the Crab pulsar provide important constraints for the formation of caustics in the emission zone.
Recommendations of the AGG (Task Force for Obstetrics, Section Maternal Diseases) on the Management of Maternal Hepatitis B, C and D Infection in Pregnancy
Authors: Kühnert Maritta , Kehl Sven , Pecks Ulrich , Schäfer-Graf Ute Margaretha , Groten Tanja , Schild Ralf Lothar , Schlembach Dietmar , Schmidt Markus , Hamza Amr 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThese statements and recommendations should provide appropriate information about maternal and fetal routes of infection, screening, detection of risk factors, diagnostic procedures, treatment, birth planning and peripartum and postpartum management of maternal hepatitis infection and offer pointers for prenatal counselling and routine clinical care on delivery wards.