bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Knowledge and Confidence Influence Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Study of Mothers of Toddlers in Teluk Kapuas Village, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Desi , Rizky Ayu , Marlenywati  
Published: February 2025

Background: One of the efforts to increase quality resources is by giving milk, especially exclusive breastfeeding. In 2019, in Teluk Kapuas Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province, the number of exclusively breastfed toddlers was 41.3%, which is very far from achieving the national target of 80%. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors of exclusive breastfeeding in mothers who have toddlers 6-24 months in Teluk Kapuas Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province. Methods: This type of research used Observational analytic with Cross Sectional approach. The sample in this study amounted to 46 respondents taken by simple random sampling. Data analysis in this study with univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test Results: The results showed that the related variables were maternal knowledge with a value of (P = 0.031), maternal self-confidence with a value of (P = 0.000). While the unrelated variables are the support of the closest person with a value of (P = 0.632), the mother's attitude with a value of (P = 0.454), the mother's work status with a value of (P = 0.756), the support of health workers with a value of (P = 1.000). Conclusion: It is important to provide intensive educational programs for mothers of toddlers about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, with a focus on increasing maternal knowledge and confidence to increase exclusive breastfeeding.
Het beroepsgeheim van de bedrijfsarts en de verzekeringsarts
Authors: Gevers J.K.M. 
Published: February 2025

Het beroepsgeheim van de bedrijfsarts en de verzekeringsarts
Ook voor bedrijfs- en verzekeringsartsen geldt het beroepsgeheim, zij het dat dat bij hen beperkingen kent in verband met de aard van hun functie. In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de achtergrond van dat beroepsgeheim en op de uitwerking ervan in wetgeving, rechtspraak en zelfregulering. Geconcludeerd wordt dat daarbij een redelijk evenwicht is gevonden tussen de vertrouwelijkheid van medische gegevens en de belangen van werkgever en socialeverzekeringsinstelling. Wel blijft vanwege de rechtszekerheid nadere wettelijke regeling gewenst.
Verstrekking van patiëntgegevens door zorgaanbieders aan zorgverzekeraars
Authors: Citteur J.M.E. , Rijken J.J. 
Published: February 2025

Verstrekking van patiëntgegevens door zorgaanbieders aan zorgverzekeraars
In deze bijdrage wordt de gegevensverstrekking door zorgaanbieders aan zorgverzekeraars onderzocht. Daartoe wordt allereerst de wettelijke basis voor die gegevensverstrekking beschreven en vervolgens nagegaan hoe de regeling in een drietal casusposities wordt toegepast. Het blijkt dat het antwoord op de vraag of patiëntgegevens al dan niet mogen worden verstrekt, staat of valt met het antwoord op de vraag of een wettelijke verplichting tot die gegevensverstrekking bestaat. Indien dat het geval is, vindt een belangenafweging plaats. Daarbij wordt, mede in het kader van artikel 8 EVRM, onder meer gekeken naar de proportionaliteit en subsidiariteit van de gegevensverstrekking.
Juridische aspecten van nieuwsvoorziening bij dwangopneming in de psychiatrie
Authors: Widdershoven T.P. 
Published: February 2025

Juridische aspecten van nieuwsvoorziening bij dwangopneming in de psychiatrie
Nieuwsvoorziening bij psychiatrische dwangopneming is een veronachtzaamd onderwerp. Uit recente jurisprudentie blijkt dat beperkingen in nieuwsvoorziening mogelijk zijn op basis van de regeling van dwangbehandeling. Die route komt onvoldoende tegemoet aan het belang van het recht op nieuwsvergaring en een meer op de materie toegespitste regeling ligt in de rede. Daarnaast is het ontwikkelen van een nieuwsvoorzieningstandaard van belang. Die standaard zou ruim moeten uitvallen (met aandacht voor radio, televisie, internet, kranten, tijdschriften en boeken). Het faciliteren van mogelijkheden tot nieuwsvergaring heeft betekenis voor de legitimiteit van de dwangopneming zelf.
De veranderde positie van de verpleegkundige in de Wet BIG
Authors: van Meersbergen D.Y.A. 
Published: February 2025

De veranderde positie van de verpleegkundige in de Wet BIG
Recent is aan de Wet BIG een zogenaamd experimenteerartikel toegevoegd. Op grond daarvan mogen onder meer verpleegkundig specialisten tijdelijk bepaalde voorbehouden handelingen indiceren en verrichten. Een regeling via het experimenteerartikel lijkt echter niet goed toe te passen bij beroepen die reeds bestaan, zoals de verpleegkundig specialist. Dit roept verschillende vragen op waar de auteur in dit artikel nader op ingaat. Daarnaast behandelt dit artikel de uitwerking van het experimenteerartikel op de veranderde positie van de verpleegkundige in het beroepenspectrum en de nieuwe verantwoordelijkheden die daarbij horen.
Gunstbetoon en medische hulpmiddelen
Authors: de Bruin M.E. , Schutjens M.D.B. 
Published: February 2025

Gunstbetoon en medische hulpmiddelen
De wetgeving voor medische hulpmiddelen bevat – in tegenstelling tot de wetgeving voor geneesmiddelen – nauwelijks bepalingen over reclame en in het geheel geen bepalingen over financiële relaties (gunstbetoon) tussen leveranciers van hulpmiddelen en zorgprofessionals, waaronder artsen. Met ingang van 1 januari 2012 is de Gedragscode Medische Hulpmiddelen in werking getreden. Deze gedragscode bindt de leden van zes koepelorganisaties van fabrikanten/leveranciers van medische hulpmiddelen en stelt onder meer voorwaarden aan het geven van geschenken, financiële ondersteuning bij (deelname aan) bijeenkomsten, betaling voor dienstverlening en sponsoring. De Gedragscode gaat uit van wederkerigheid (wat leveranciers niet mogen aanbieden, mogen zorgprofessionals ook niet aannemen). Zorgprofessionals zullen formeel echter pas aan de Gedragscode gebonden zijn indien zij deze ook als zodanig hebben onderschreven.
Een frisse kijk op bekende en minder bekende problemen: de tweede evaluatie van de Wet medisch-wetenschappelijk onderzoek met mensen
Authors: Engberts D.P. 
Published: February 2025

Een frisse kijk op bekende en minder bekende problemen: de tweede evaluatie van de Wet medisch-wetenschappelijk onderzoek met mensen
De tweede evaluatie van de Wet medisch-wetenschappelijk onderzoek met mensen (WMO) richt zich op vier hoofdthema’s: (1) informatie aan en ervaringen van proefpersonen, (2) implementatie van Europees recht in de WMO, (3) het Besluit verplichte verzekering en (4) ervaringen van onderzoekers en medisch-ethische toetsingscommissies. Op basis van literatuuronderzoek en empirisch onderzoek signaleren de onderzoekers in de wetsevaluatie met betrekking tot alle thema’s knelpunten. De auteur bevestigt de juistheid van deze observaties en zet uiteen dat achter de gesignaleerde knelpunten principiële vragen schuilgaan die steeds verbonden zijn geweest met de normering van medisch-wetenschappelijk onderzoek met mensen en nooit afdoende zijn beantwoord.
Een vergeten episode uit de schoolstrijd: de ontdekking van ‘openbaar’ en ‘bijzonder’ onderwijs
Authors: van Bijsterveld Sophie 
Published: February 2025

A forgotten episode in the Dutch battle over the school system: the discovery of ‘public’ and ‘private (confessional)’ education
The battle over the school system is one of the liveliest chapters in Dutch constitutional history. It resulted, in 1848, in the constitutional acknowledgement of a dual system of education: education provided by public authority (‘public education’) and private education (practically synonymous with confessional education); and, in 1917, in the constitutional guarantee of public funding for the latter on the same footing as the former.The battle over the school system is usually described as a battle for freedom of private, confessional education from the start. This article shows that prior to this, in the first stage of this battle, the concept of ‘private education’ itself had to be invented and that the concept of ‘public education’ had to develop a different meaning. Public education, the notion used in the Constitutions of 1814 and 1815, originally meant education in schools in contrast to house education. It was this broad concept of education that was entrusted to the care of government and, therefore, not free. This article focuses on the first half of the 19th century. On the basis of original sources it traces the fascinating process of the birth of these new categories, that determine the Dutch education system up to now.
Werkt de wildwestwaarschuwing wel?
Authors: Zijlstra Wilte , van Egmond-de Boer Nynke 
Published: February 2025

Werkt de wildwestwaarschuwing wel?
Voor beleggingsaanbiedingen aan particulieren die buiten toezicht vallen, geldt sinds 2012 een verplichte vrijstellingsvermelding in een vast formaat. In een gerandomiseerd experiment tonen we aan dat afwezigheid van de melding ‘Let op! U belegt buiten AFM-toezicht. Geen vergunning- en prospectusplicht voor deze activiteit’ leidt tot een hogere investeringsintentie (het effect op het daadwerkelijke gedrag is niet gemeten), vooral bij vermogende respondenten die de melding niet kennen (58 procent van de populatie). Dit lijkt in lijn met een doel van de waarschuwing, namelijk consumenten beschermen door ze te wijzen op hun grotere eigen verantwoordelijkheid bij deze producten. Met dit gerandomiseerde experiment laten we zien dat het nuttig en uitvoerbaar is voor toezichthouders om hun interventies te testen op effectiviteit.
Veilig melden van incidenten in de gezondheidszorg: voorbeelden van (buitenlandse) wetgeving
Authors: Legemaate Johan , de Roode Robinetta 
Published: February 2025

Blame free reporting of adverse events in health care: examples of (foreign) legislation
In the Dutch health care the importance of reporting adverse events is increasingly recognized. Reporting adverse events is seen as a valuable instrument to assess and improve the quality and safety of patient care. It is widely acknowledged that health care practitioners (physicians, nurses) should be able to report adverse events blame free, to prevent that information reported to improve the quality and safety of care is used for other purposes (e.g. to punish the reporter of other persons involved). Several parties have proposed to enact legislation to protect health care practitioners who report adverse events. In other sectors of the Dutch society, as well as in other countries, such legislation already exists. This legislation may serve as an example for legislative action in the area of Dutch health care.
Analyse van het Zuid-Nederlandse xtc-netwerk
Authors: Spapens Toine 
Published: February 2025

An analysis of the xtc-network in the south of the Netherlands
The social network approach is gaining influence among criminologists studying organized crime and terrorism. The theoretical concept, however, still needs further elaboration. To this end, concepts developed within the field of economic sociology could provide a substantial contribution. Economic sociologists have, among other things, focused on the role of social networks with regard to the completion of economic transactions. They regard mutual trust built through personal relations as an essential part of economic transactions, particularly if these imply certain risks for the parties involved. In other words, before transactions materialize, the parties must first be able to establish trustworthy personal relations. Based on these ideas, Spapens introduced in 2006 the theoretical concept of the criminal macro network, being a social network consisting of individuals able and willing to engage in illegal activities. The capital of each member of the criminal network consists, on the one hand, of his links, defined as information relations, within the network. On the other hand, a person’s position is determined by personal knowledge and skills. It is assumed that executing an actual illegal activity – e.g. drug production, trafficking human beings, bank robbery – requires cooperation between a subset of members of the criminal network, the criminal group.An extensive study of xtc production in the south of the Netherlands between 1996 and 2004 revealed the existence of a ‘xtc network’ consisting of individuals interconnected by social relations. The macro network proved to be relatively stable over time. The composition of the criminal groups, however, changed regularly. This was not only explained by shifting business opportunities, but also by the efforts of the police and the Public Prosecution Service leading to convictions and the dismantling of criminal groups. Better knowledge of the functioning of the criminal macro network can provide valuable contributions to criminological understanding of organized crime. These insights are of course also of great practical importance for law enforcement agencies.
De Collectieve Winkelontzegging
Authors: Wesselink Loes , Schuilenburg Marc , Van Calster Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Collective Shop Ban
Public Private Partnerships (PPS) are becoming one of the most popular answers to problems of crime and disorder. In this contribution, the authors research the Collective Shop Ban, maybe the most successful form of Public Private Partnerships currently operating in the Netherlands. A Collective Shop Ban is a civil measure bestowed upon a person by the shop owner, when s/he displays ‘unwanted behaviour’. As a consequence entry can be denied for every shop assembled in the association of entrepreneurs. In 2007 almost 900 people have been denied access to over 450 shops in the city centre of The Hague. This new form of collaboration between police, public prosecution service and entrepreneurs has already been rewarded with the Regional Crime Control Platform ‘safety award’. However, the authors question the effects of this collaboration. They argue that the Collective Shop Ban creates its own public of ‘unwanted shoppers’, that can be banned from a shopping area by devising new terms of exclusion. This ‘public’ is subjected to new means of power, to be applied by private security guards and shop owners. While entrepreneurs celebrate the possibilities of this civil measure, the authors warn for the juridical and ethical consequences of this measure.
Additioneel seksueel gedrag van kinderpornodownloaders
Authors: Buschman Jos , Krapohl Don 
Published: February 2025

Additional sexual behaviour of child porn downloaders
This article presents a study on Post-Conviction Polygraphy in the Netherlands. Importantly, it exclusively focuses on cybercrime offenders. The study was designed to systematically address the different child sexual behaviours exhibited by 38 subjects who were in treatment for possessing child abuse images. The results gave indications that post-conviction polygraphy can provide additional data to inform the development of theory in this area and contribute to the treatment, supervision and more effective containment of offending behaviour, and the reduction of future victimization.
De invloed van de omgevingskwaliteit op de beoordeling van de leefbaarheid door bewoners
Authors: Damen Martin 
Published: February 2025

Environmental quality and residents’ perception of livability
The focus of this article is the relation between the factual conditions of the environmental quality of streets and neighborhoods and the perception of livability by residents.Through analysis of evaluation of environmental quality by residents, combined with observations by trained professionals of certain aspects of the environment (population, demography, type of housing etcetera) it was possible to identify the relations between the way livability is perceived, aspects of the neighborhood and household characteristics. By zooming in on the aspects environmental and personal security and safety the article shows how the environmental quality influences residents perceptions.
Vrouwen en witwassen: een logische combinatie met incoherente resultaten
Authors: Soudijn Melvin 
Published: February 2025

Women and money laundering
A part in Dutch penal law defines money laundering as ‘any person who acquires an object, possesses it, hands it over or sells it or makes use of an object, knowing that the object originates – directly or indirectly – from an offense’. Under object is meant any goods and any property rights. With this in mind, the author argues that whoever knows that money (the object) is derived from crime, but spends the money anyway, is committing a money laundering offense. Taking the argument one step further, it is therefore a reasonable hypothesis that a large number of wives or girlfriends of criminals, have been prosecuted for money laundering. That is, if the women knew that the money they spent was obtained through crime. To test the hypothesis, 62 cases dealing with organized crime were selected and analyzed. These cases largely focus on male perpetrators of drug crimes, money laundering, human smuggling and human trafficking. It turns out that the women often knew their male friends or husbands were involved in crime. The women also profited of these crimes because they used their friends’ expensive cars, lived in large mansions and often went shopping for luxury items. Still, hardly anyone was prosecuted for money laundering offenses. Several explanations were found, ranging from pity of officers, an overload of work, absence of direct proof or simply male chauvinist bias. Only if the women were actively involved in other crimes, would they find themselves prosecuted with (among others) money laundering offenses.
Uitbreiding bevoegdheden ter handhaving van de openbare orde en veiligheid
Authors: Mein Arnt 
Published: February 2025

Extension of the powers for maintaining public order and safety: weakening or strengthening the mayor’s position?
Lately, mayors’ powers for maintaining public order and safety have been considerably extended, and even more powers are in preparation. These powers must enable the mayor to act quickly against public order disturbances and security threats. The novelty is that the mayor may conditionally use and exercise these new powers preventively against groups of rioters. Their freedom of action and their privacy can also be considerably curtailed. This means these powers have to be used carefully and reluctantly. If the mayor overdoes the crimefighter role, he/she may lose the public’s confidence.
Gemeenten en de strijd tegen de georganiseerde misdaad
Authors: Huisman Wim 
Published: February 2025

Municipalities and the fight against organized crime
Municipalities play an increasingly important role in the fight against organized crime. Following Italian and New York examples, the Netherlands have developed several instruments for an administrative approach to organized crime. This article describes these instruments on a local and a national level and discusses its theoretical foundations. A critical assessment is made on the reach of this administrative approach considering the perception and nature of organized crime in the Netherlands. Further, methods for assessing the effectiveness of such an approach are discussed. Has organized crime successfully been targeted and how could this be established?
Lokaal veiligheidsbeleid in Nederland en België: op zoek naar verschil
Authors: Cachet Lex , Prins Ruth 
Published: February 2025

Local public safety policy in the Netherlands and Belgium: looking for differences
Public safety has always been a core task for local, municipal authorities. However, until rather recently only the police has been actively involved in addressing local problems of public safety and maintaining order instead. Local public safety policy – as a responsibility for local authorities together with many other partners – is a relatively new phenomenon.This article compares the main developments and trends in local public safety policy in the Netherlands and Belgium. Special attention is paid to the role and position of the local, municipal authorities. What strikes most, are the strong similarities between the two countries. National governments played an important and catalyzing role in the development of public safety policy in the Netherlands as well as in Belgium. After many years and not without a lot of trouble, the monopoly of the police on designing and implementing policy for addressing public safety and order came to an end in both countries. Which, amongst other effects, presented the local authorities with new challenges.
Openbaar brandmeldsysteem: historie, kosten en opbrengst
Authors: de Wit Ron , Helsloot Ira 
Published: February 2025

Automatic fire alarm system: history, costs and benefits. A cost-benefit analysis based on studies in the Twente region
The Netherlands fire safety regulations require certain types of buildings to have a direct connection between the building fire alarm system and the dispatch centre of the fire brigade. These automatic fire alarm systems are mandatory for example in premises where inhabitants such as small children or elderly people have limited self-evacuation capabilites in case of fire. These automatic fire alarms aim at saving lives by a faster response of the fire brigade. However, the fast majority of these automatic alarms are false. As a result these calls constitute a considerable and undesirable drain on the fire brigade resources. These calls cause unwanted direct costs (salaries) and indirect costs (road accidents due to fire brigade mobilisation) apart from the regular maintenance costs. Up to now no data is available for the costs and benefits of the system of automatic fire alarms. This article describes the results of a study of the automatic fire alarm system in the region Twente. The yearly social costs are calculated at about € 3 million. In order to calculate the benefits all incident reports from automatic fire alarms during a period of 29 months have been investigated. In this period no call form an automatic fire alarm system has occured in which the fire brigade had to deploy its resources for a live saving or evacuation action.
Integrale veiligheidszorg en de burgemeester
Authors: Prins Ruth , Cachet Lex 
Published: February 2025

The mayor and an integral approach to public safety problems
Changing public safety problems as well as an increasing societal demand for public safety made way for new policy approaches. During the 1990s, the so called ‘integral safety approach’ was introduced in the Netherlands. This approach manifested itself mainly on the municipal level where the mayor is being held responsible for managing public safety and order. The central question raised in this article is: what are the consequences of an integral approach to public safety problems for the mayor when managing local order and public safety? We will demonstrate that ‘integrality’ is no clear cut concept. Careful inspection of the concept learns that it has multiple meanings. Of these various meanings, especially the ambition to address public safety problems by means of ‘new alliances’ characterized the actual implementation of integral policies. However, working together within these new alliances uniting various more or less independent actors from both the public and private sector, seemed to be hampered by a lack of coordination and control. In that sense, the introduction of the integral approach had consequences for steering and control of public safety policies. These consequences have to be addressed, especially by the mayor who is accountable for local order and safety. The mayor had attributed to him – first in practice, soon by law as well – the role of director of public safety policy on the municipal level. However, as we will demonstrate in this article, the mayor lacks an important trait needed for effective directorship: decisive powers. Therefore the mayor is not able to realize effective cooperation between partners within the new alliances of the integral approach to public safety problems. As a potential solution, we will describe the characteristics of a ‘model of anticipation’ granting the mayor a certain level of decisive powers to be used as an ultimum remedium.