bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Prophylactic Iron Salts Supplementation During Gestation and Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Women From 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Miranda Vanessa Iribarrem Avena , Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal , Silveira Marysabel Pinto Telis , Mengue Sotero Serrate , Silveira Mariângela Freitas , Lutz Bárbara H , Buffarini Romina , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aims to evaluate the association between the use of iron salts during the first two trimesters in non-anemic women and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods

The study used maternal data from 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort. All non-anemic women at 24th week (N = 2463) were eligible for this study. GDM was self-reported by women. Crude and adjusted logistic regression were performed considering level of significance = 0.05.
Results

Among the women studied, 69.7% were exposed to prophylactic iron supplementation in the two first trimesters of gestation. The prevalence of GDM among those exposed was 8.7% (95%CI 7.4–10.1) and among those who were not exposed was 9.3% (CI95% 7.4–11.6). Iron supplementation was not associated with increased risk of GDM in crude (OR = 0.9; 95%CI 0,7–1,3) and adjusted analysis (OR = 1.1; 95% CI 0,8–1,6).
Conclusions

The results suggested that routine iron use in non-anemic pregnant women does not increase the risk of developing gestational diabetes. This evidence supports the existing national and international guidelines, whose recommendation is prophylactic iron supplementation for all pregnant women as soon as they initiate antenatal care in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia.
Impact of Maintenance Therapy Following Induction Immunochemotherapy for Untreated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Nakamura Ryota , Yamada Tadaaki , Morimoto Kenji , Nakao Akira , Goto Yasuhiro , Ogura Yuri , Takeda Takayuki , Takumi Chieko , Onoi Keisuke , Chihara Yusuke , Taniguchi Ryusuke , Yamada Takahiro , Hiranuma Osamu , Tanaka Satomi , Morimoto Yoshie , Iwasaku Masahiro , Tokuda Shinsaku , Kaneko Yoshiko , Uchino Junji , Takayama Koichi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The primary objective of this study was to identify the potential predictors to assess impact of maintenance therapy after induction immunochemotherapy in the real-world setting of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
We retrospectively identified 152 patients with advanced NSCLC who received immunochemotherapy at eight hospitals in Japan between January 2019 to December 2019. Patients who received at least four cycles of induction immunochemotherapy and one cycle of maintenance therapy with immune-checkpoint inhibitors were included. We investigated the biomarkers for progression-free survival (PFS) for maintenance therapy after induction immunochemotherapy.
Results
Out of the 92 patients with advanced NSCLC included in the study, 42 received maintenance therapy with cytotoxic agents whereas 50 received maintenance therapy without cytotoxic agents. Among those who received maintenance therapy without cytotoxic agents, responders to prior immunochemotherapy had significantly longer PFS than non-responders (p = 0.004), except those with maintenance therapy with cytotoxic agents. In non-responders to prior immunochemotherapy, patients with maintenance therapy with cytotoxic agents had significantly longer PFS than those with maintenance therapy without cytotoxic agents (log-rank p = 0.007), whereas among responders to prior immunochemotherapy, there was no significant difference in PFS for different maintenance regimens (log-rank p = 0.31).
Conclusions
This retrospective study showed that response to prior immunochemotherapy was associated with clinical outcomes among patients with advanced NSCLC who received maintenance therapy.
Does Benzocaine Toothpaste Have More Pain-Relieving Effect Compared To Placebo Toothpaste In Orthodontic Patients? A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Eslamian Ladan , Soheilifar Sepideh , Soheilifar Sanaz , Mortazavi Seyed Alireza 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Pain management in fixed orthodontic treatment is an important challenge. None of the present methods has been successful in pain relief. The objective of this double-blind cross-over trial was to compare the effect of benzocaine-contained toothpaste and placebo toothpaste on relieving pain caused by fixed orthodontic treatment.Methods and material:Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences with experience of pain in previous appointment were randomly assigned into 3 groups of 5% benzocaine-contained toothpaste, placebo toothpaste and control group. Eligibility criteria included being in leveling and alignment stage, 6-8 mm space deficiency, no acute or chronic pain or frequent consumption of analgesic drugs. Patients were instructed to use toothpastes 3 times in a day. Main outcome was pain experienced by patients according to Visual Analogue Scale at 8 different time intervals in 7 days. Randomization was done with random numbers in opaque envelopes for sequence of appointments. Blinding was applicable for patients, operator and outcome assessor. Data analysis was done with repeated measure ANOVA for assessing overall effect and Bonferroni for pairwise analysis. P value was assigned to be 0.05.Results: From 33 patients who participated in the study, 27 patients (23 females and 4 males) completed the study. Each patient was randomly allocated to all 3 groups in cross-over design. Mean pain in benzocaine group was less than the placebo and control group (28.63± 25.43, 31.31± 22.09 and 31.20 ± 24.09, respectively). Benzocaine toothpaste group experienced statistically significantly less pain than the other two groups at 2 hours (P˂ 0.015). No adverse event was observed in patients.Conclusion:Benzocaine contained toothpaste can decrease pain perceived at first hours after orthodontic appointment. Registration and protocol: This trial was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT2015010120523N1) at 16/04/2015.
Structural Stability, Elasticity, Thermodynamics and Electronic Structures of L12-Type Ni3X (X=Al, Ti, V, Nb) Phases Under External Pressure Condition
Authors: Wu Y H , Chen J S , Ji J Y , Zhang Y Z , Wang Q Z , Xiong K 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the impacts of external pressure on structural stability, elasticity, thermodynamics and relevant electronic structures of L12-type Ni3X (X=Al, Ti, V, Nb) phases were investigated using the first-principles methods. The lattice parameters(a,b,c) and volume(V) of the Ni3X phases decrease with increasing pressure. however, the elastic constants(Cij ), bulk modulus(B), shear modulus(G), and Young's modulus (E) increase. The calculated elastic constants indicate that the mechanical stability and ductility of Ni3X phases enhance with increasing pressure. The mechanical anisotropy of Ni3X phases are enhanced by the raised pressure. Electronic analysis shows that increase pressure makes Ni-d-orbital and X(X=Al, Ti, V, Nb) -d-orbital hybridization stronger and electron transfer increases. The sequence in regard to electron aggregation strength is Ni3Ti>Ni3Nb>Ni3V>Ni3Al. It is more directly reflected in the charge density difference maps. This is consistent with the analysis results of the enthalpy of formation(ΔH) and Debye temperature (ΘD).
Electrocardiographic and Histopathological Characterizations of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Rats
Authors: Youssef Mahmoud E. , El-Azab Mona F. , Abdel-Dayem Marwa A. , Metwally Galal Yahya , Alanazi Ibtesam S. , Saber Sameh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Diabetes is a clinical condition that is associated with insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. Cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy are well known complications of the elevated blood glucose. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a clinical disorder that is associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction along with cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and elevated oxidative stress. In this study, diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 50 mg/kg. We determined the plasma levels of cardiac troponin-T (cTnT), and creatinine kinase MB (CK-MB) by ELISA. Diabetic rats showed abnormal cardiac architecture and increased collagen production. significant elevation in ST-segment, prolonged QRS and QT-intervals, and increased ventricular rate were detected. Additionally, diabetic rats showed a prolongation in P wave duration and atrial tachyarrhythmia was observed. Plasma levels of cTnT and CK-MB were elevated. In conclusion, these electrocardiographic changes (elevated ST-segment, prolonged QT interval, and QRS complex, and increased heart rate) along with histopathological changes and increased collagen formation could be markers for the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats.
Validating the Knowledge Bank Approach for Personalized Prediction of Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: a Reproducibility Study
Authors: Xu Yujun , Mansmann Ulrich 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Reproducibility is not only essential for the integrity of scientific research, but is also a prerequisite of model validation and refinement for future application of (predictive) algorithms. However, reproducible research is becoming increasingly challenging, particularly in high-dimensional genomic data analyses with complex statistical or algorithmic techniques. Given that there are no mandatory requirements in most biomedical and statistical journals to provide the original data, analytical source code, or other relevant materials for publication, accessibility to these supplements naturally suggests a greater credibility of published work. In this study, we performed a reproducibility assessment of the notable paper by Gerstung et al. published in Nature Genetics (2017) by rerunning the analysis using their original code and data, which are publicly accessible. Despite a perfect open science setting, it was challenging to reproduce the entire research project; reasons included coding errors, suboptimal code legibility, incomplete documentation, intensive computations, and an R computing environment that could no longer be re-established. We learn that availability of code and data does not guarantee transparency and reproducibility of a study; in contrast, the source code is still liable to error and obsolescence, essentially due to methodological complexity, lack of editorial reproducibility checking at submission, and updates of software and operating environment. Building on the experience gained, we propose practical criteria for the conduct and reporting of reproducibility studies for future researchers.
A Comparison Between the Adductor Pollicis Muscle and the Abductor Digiti Minimi Muscle Using Electromyography AF-201P in Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Block: A Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Iwasaki Hajime , Sato Hanae , Takagi Shunichi , Kitajima Osamu , Luthe Sarah Kyuragi , Suzuki Takahiro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The AF-201P, a new electromyography (EMG)-based neuromuscular monitor has been developed recently. The aim of this clinical study was to compare two ulnar nerve innervated muscles: the adductor pollicis (AP) muscle and the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle during the recovery from rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block by using EMG AF-201P.
Methods
Twenty patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia were enrolled in the study. During total intravenous general anesthesia, train-of-four (TOF) and post-tetanic counts (PTC) responses following 0.9 mg/kg rocuronium administration were concurrently monitored at the AP and the ADM muscles with EMG AF-201P on the opposite arms. At the end of the surgery, sugammadex 2 mg/kg was administered when TOF counts of 2 was observed at both muscles. The primary outcome of the study was time from administration of rocuronium to first appearance of PTC response (first PTC). The secondary outcomes of the study were time from administration of rocuronium to first reappearance of TOF response (first TOF), time from first PTC to first TOF (PTC-TOF time), time to reappearance of TOF counts of 2, and time from administration of sugammadex to TOF ratio ≥ 0.9. Agreement between the two muscles was assessed using the Bland-Altman analysis. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.
Results
Nineteen patients were included in the analysis. Time for appearance of the first PTC was significantly faster at the ADM muscle than the AP muscle (32.4 ± 13.1min vs 24.4 ± 11.4min, p = 0.006). Interval time between the first PTC and the first TOF was significantly longer with the ADM muscle than the AP muscle (19.4 ± 7.3min vs 12.4 ± 10.6min, p = 0.019). There were no significant differences in time to TOF counts of 2 and sugammadex-facilitated recovery between the two muscles. Bland-Altman analyses showed acceptable ranges of bias and limits of agreement of the two muscles.
Conclusions
The ADM muscle showed a good agreement with the AP muscle during rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block but faster recovery of PTC response when using EMG.
Trial registration
: UMIN-CTR (Registration No. UMIN000044904). Registered 19 July 2021 -Retrospectively registered,
A New Approach to Study the Degradation of the Organic Pollutants by A-Doped MxOy/B Photocatalysts
Authors: Arabameri Mojtaba , Bashiri Hadis 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This work presents a new approach and a comprehensive mechanism to study the kinetics of the photodegradation of the organic pollutants. The vital role of various operational factors on the degradation of the organic pollutants is explained using this method. The proposed approach is based on the simple strategies and a powerful computational method. Two new variables “the effective concentration of photon” (Ieff) and “the effective concentration of the reactive-centers” (RC) are defined to better understanding the effect of operational parameters on the organic pollutants photodegradation. The optimum conditions of the photocatalytic degradation can be determined with the help of this method. This approach was used to study the kinetics of photodegradation of the organic pollutants on the A - doped MxOy/B photocatalysts. The provided mechanism has been examined with the some experimental data. The high correlations between the experimental data and the fitting results under different conditions prove this mechanism could be reliable.
Rice LEAFY COTYLEDONE1 regulates embryonic envelope development and chlorophyll biogenesis in embryo
Authors: Chen Chen , Niu Baixiao , Yang Zongju , Bai Tianqi , E Zhiguo , Xu Xinyu , Yun Qianbin , Zhang Juan , Zhang Zhenyu , Lu Xinming , Li Qianfeng , Liu Qiaoquan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The scutellum, coleoptile, coleorhiza, and epiblast (if it exists) consist of a complex embryonic envelope to protect the plumule and radicle inside a grass embryo. Controversies have been provoked for centuries regarding homologies of the grass embryonic structures. Here we found that the rice LEAFY COTYLEDONE1 (LEC1) gene, OsNF-YB7, is vital for embryo development. A leaf-like structure (LL) was developed from the scutellum of osnf-yb7 to replace the embryonic envelope that formed in wild-type. Additionally, osnf-yb7 developed chloroembryos due to overactivated chlorophyll biosynthesis. Thus, OsNF-YB7 likely plays a dual role in chlorophyll biogenesis in rice embryos: (1) OsNF-YB7 directly represses genes, such as rice GOLDED-LIKE1 (OsGLK1), involving chlorophyll biosynthesis; (2) OsNF-YB7 binds to OsGLK1 to repress the downstream genes of OsGLK1. Parallel phenotypes shown in osnf-yb7 and lec1 suggest functional conservation of the LEC1-type genes in plants. Both lec1 cotyledons and osnf-yb7 LL displayed true leaf characteristics. Our morphological and transcriptional evidence implied that LL replaces the embryonic envelope in osnf-yb7, raising the hypothesis that the grass embryonic envelope is an analog of Arabidopsis cotyledon. This study demonstrates that OsNF-YB7 acts as a negative regulator in chlorophyll biogenesis and is important for embryonic envelope formation.
Low Expression of PDHX is Associated with Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Sun Biao , Li Bao , Long Ziyang , Zhang Cangyuan , Sun Qiannan , Ren Jun , Wang Daorong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Pyruvate dehydrogenase protein X (PDHX) is a non-catalytic subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. It is located in the center of mitochondrial energy metabolism and is an essential component to maintain the biological activity of PDH complex. The purpose of this study was to explore its expression level in gastric cancer and its relationship with immune infiltration. Methods: Through immunohistochemical analysis of 80 pairs of gastric cancer tissue samples and open database analys such as Kaplan-Meier Plotter, TIMER2.0,GEPIA,String and DAVID database.Results: We found that the expression of PDHX in paracancerous tissues was significantly higher than that in gastric cancer tissues. Database analysis showed that the expression of PDHX was low in gastric cancer tissues, and the total survival time (OS) of relatively high expression in gastric cancer patients was higher. In N1~N3 and M stages, the P values of OS and PFS with high expression of PDHX were less than 0.05. It is suggested that the overexpression of PDHX may affect the prognosis of gastric cancer patients with lymph node and distant metastasis. Conclusions: Therefore, we concluded that the expression of PDHX is suppressed in gastric cancer and has a longer overall survival time of 5 years in patients with relatively high expression, and that the increased expression of PDHX may improve the prognosis of patients with lymph node and distant metastasis of gastric cancer.
Ankle Orthosis-induced Decrease in Repetitive Rebound Jump Height: Relationship With Restriction in Sagittal Ankle Range of Motion
Authors: Masanori Morikawa , Noriaki Maeda , Makoto Komiya , Toshiki Kobayashi , Yukio Urabe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Ankle orthotics decreases the maximal vertical jump height. It is essential to maximize jump height and minimize ground contact time during athletic performance. However, the effect of ankle orthotics on athletic performance has not been reported. We aimed to investigate the effect of ankle orthotics on squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), and repetitive rebound jump (RJ) performance and the relationship between jump performance and restriction in sagittal ankle range of motion. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers performed SJ, CMJ, repetitive RJ under no-orthosis and two orthotic conditions (orthosis 1 and orthosis 2). During SJ and CMJ, we measured the vertical ground reaction force and calculated the following parameters: jump height, peak vertical ground reaction force, rate of force development, net vertical impulse, and peak power. During repetitive RJ, the jump height, contact time, and RJ index were measured. A two-dimensional motion analysis was used to quantify the ankle range of motion in the sagittal plane during SJ, CMJ, and repetitive RJ. Results: Multivariate analysis of variance and the post hoc test showed a significant decrease in the vertical jump height (p = 0.003), peak power (p = 0.007), and maximum plantarflexion and dorsiflexion angles (p <0.001) during SJ using orthosis 2 compared to those using the no-orthosis condition. Additionally, orthosis 2 significantly decreased the jump height at the end of repetitive RJ (p = 0.046), during which a significant negative correlation was found between jump height and maximum dorsiflexion angle (r = 0.485, p = 0.030). Conclusions: An ankle orthosis-induced restriction of dorsiflexion is associated with a reduction in jump height during static jump and repetitive RJ performance.
Diabetic Retinopathy and Skin Tissue Advanced Glycation End Products Are Biomarkers of Vascular Events in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Planas Alejandra , Simó-Servat Olga , Hernández Cristina , Ortiz-Zúñiga Ángel , Marsal Joan Ramón , Herance José Raul , Ferreira-González Ignacio , Simó Rafael 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Vascular events are the main cause of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the risk of vascular events is not homogeneous in subjects with type 2 diabetes and, therefore, an early identification of patients at high risk of developing vascular events remains a challenge to be met. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in subcutaneous tissue can help to identify those patients at high risk of vascular events.MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a prospective study comprising 200 subjects with type 2 diabetes with no history of clinical cardiovascular disease and 60 non-diabetic controls, matched by age and sex (PRECISED study: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02248311). The inclusion period began on September 2014 and finished on June 2017. We collected basal features of the subjects, classical cardiovascular risk factors (i.e. age, sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia and coronary artery calcium score [CACs]), presence and degree of DR, and the accumulation of AGEs in subcutaneous tissue using the AGE readerTM device (DiagnOptics Technologies). We followed these subjects until December 2020, collecting any coronary, cerebrovascular or peripheral arterial event.RESULTS: After a follow up of 4.35 ± 1.43 years, a total of 24 vascular events were registered. There was no significant difference regarding age and gender between individuals with type 2 diabetes and the control group. The number of vascular events was higher in type 2 diabetes group than in the control group (12.3% vs. 1.75%). When analysing the risk factors we found that apart from classic risk factors such as age, gender and CACs, subjects with type 2 diabetes and vascular events presented a higher prevalence of DR (47.8% vs. 24.4%; p = 0.018) and AGEs in subcutaneous tissue (63.15% vs 26.71% of values in the higher tertile, p = 0.001). DR and AGEs in subcutaneous tissue remain as independent variables related to the development of vascular events in the Cox proportional hazard multiple regression analysis (HR 2.58, 95%CI 1.14–5.85, p = 0.023, and HR 4.68, 95%CI 1.83–11.96, p = 0.001; respectively).CONCLUSIONS: As we expected, patients with type 2 diabetes have significantly more VE than non-diabetic subjects. Apart from the classic factors such as age, sex and CACs, we observed that the presence of DR and high levels of AGEs in subcutaneous tissue were predictors of vascular events.