bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐resolution velocity‐azimuth joint estimation for random‐time‐division‐multiplexing multiple‐input‐multiple‐output automotive radar using matrix completion
Authors: Hu Xueyao , Zhang Liang , Long Jiamin , Liang Can , Liu Jianhu , Wang Yanhua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDue to its low hardware complexity, small volume and simple structure, time‐division‐multiplexing multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (TDM MIMO) radar has been widely applied in automotive applications. The transmitting antennas of TDM MIMO automotive radar are usually switched according to a sequential‐TDM pattern. However, moving targets can introduce a motion‐induced phase into the sequential‐TDM pattern, which is coupled to the spatial phase, resulting in errors in velocity and azimuth estimation. Herein, a random‐TDM pattern with the matrix completion (MC)‐based estimation method is proposed to address these issues. In the proposed method, the random‐TDM pattern, which means randomly activating the transmitting antenna instead of sequentially, can decouple the linear temporal‐spatial coupling phase, avoiding the coupling problem in velocity and azimuth estimation. Then, by reshaping the echo data into a matrix form of sparse sampling, the inexact augmented Lagrange multiplier algorithm is adopted to recover this matrix, solving the underdetermined estimation problem caused by sparse sampling. Finally, the high‐accuracy velocity and azimuth can be jointly estimated by applying the estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique algorithm to the recovered full sampling data. Moreover, compared with the compressed sensing‐based method, the proposed method overcomes the grid mismatch problem. The results of comparative simulations and real‐data experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
Endoscopic Endonasal versus Transcranial Optic Canal Decompression: A Morphometric, Cadaveric Study
Authors: Kim Jun , Plitt Aaron R , Vance Awais , Connors Scott , Caruso James , Welch Babu , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction Decompression of the optic nerve within the optic canal is indicated for compressive visual decline. The two most common approaches utilized for optic canal decompression are a medial approach with an endoscopic endonasal approach and a lateral approach with a craniotomy. Our study is a cadaveric anatomical study comparing the length and circumference of the orbit decompressed via an endoscopic endonasal approach versus a frontotemporal craniotomy.
Methods Five cadaveric specimens were utilized. Predissection computed tomography (CT) scans were performed on each specimen. On each specimen, a standard frontotemporal craniotomy with anterior clinoidectomy and superolateral orbital decompression was performed on one side and an endoscopic endonasal approach with medial wall decompression was performed on the contralateral side. Post-dissection CT scans were performed. An independent radiologist provided measurements of the length (mm) and circumference (degrees) of optic canal decompression bilaterally.
Results The mean length of optic canal decompression for open and endoscopic approach was 13 mm (range 12–15 mm) and 12.4 mm (range 10–16 mm), respectively. The mean circumference of decompression for open and endoscopic approaches was 252.8 degrees (range 205–280 degrees) and 124.6 degrees (range 100–163 degrees), respectively.
Conclusion The endoscopic endonasal and the transcranial approaches provide a similar length of optic canal decompression, but the transcranial approach leads to greater circumferential decompression. The endoscopic endonasal approach has the benefit of being minimally invasive, though. Ultimately, the surgical approach decision should be based on the location of the pathology and the surgeon's comfort.
Treatment Outcomes of Sinonasal Malignancies Involving the Orbit
Authors: Shin Chul Ho , Lee Ho Jun , Chung Yoo-Sam , Kim Ji Heui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective Orbital invasion is associated with a poor prognosis in cases of sinonasal malignancy. This study aimed to analyze the oncological outcomes of sinonasal malignancies involving the orbit.
Patients and Methods We reviewed the medical records of 116 patients with a sinonasal malignancy who had orbital invasion at initial diagnosis and followed up at least 6 months between June 1991 and October 2017 at a single institute. The overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free survival (PFS) rates according to the clinicopathological factors, extent to orbit, and treatment modality were compared.
Results Patients were mainly treated with surgery and postoperative radiation (n = 39, 33.6%) and concurrent chemoradiation (n = 72, 62.1%). Only five patients (5.1%) underwent orbital exenteration. The OS, DSS, and PFS rates significantly decreased in patients older than 60 years of age and in patients with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index Score (each p < 0.001). The OS and DSS rates were higher in patients at clinical T3 and N0 stage than in patients at clinical T4 and N1–2 stage (each p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in survival and local control rates according to the extent of orbital invasion, treatment modalities, and orbital preservation. However, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant radiation or concurrent chemoradiation increased survival rates in the patients treated with surgery.
Conclusion Orbit preservation and relatively successful oncological outcome could be obtained with surgery and adjuvant radiation or concurrent chemoradiation.
Cholecystectomy during COVID-19: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Nnaji Martin , Murcott David , Salgaonkar Hrishikesh , Aladeojebi Adebimpe , Athwal Tejinderjit , Cheruvu Chandra V. N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic has impacted health care globally with restructuring and prioritization of health care services. We prospectively analyzed 104 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the peak of COVID-19 in 2020 and compared with 217 patients from the same period in 2019. Emergency admissions constituted majority of cases with no statistical difference between both groups (p = 0.49). Most cholecystectomies were for biliary colic (41.3 vs. 35.5%) and cholecystitis (37.5 vs. 43.8%) without any statistically difference (p = 0.31 and p = 0.29, respectively). This study demonstrates that laparoscopic cholecystectomy was feasible and safe in patients with symptomatic gall bladder disease during the peak period for COVID-19.
Modifiable Factors and Delays Associated with Neonatal Deaths and Stillbirths in Jordan: Findings from Facility-Based Neonatal Death and Stillbirth Audits
Authors: Alyahya Mohammad S. , Khader Yousef S. , Al-Sheyab Nihaya A , Shattnawi Khulood K. , Altal Omar F. , Batieha Anwar 
Published: May 2021

Objective This study employed the “three-delay” model to investigate the types of critical delays and modifiable factors that contribute to the neonatal deaths and stillbirths in Jordan.
Study Design A triangulation research method was followed in this study to present the findings of death review committees (DRCs), which were formally established in five major hospitals across Jordan. The DRCs used a specific death summary form to facilitate identifying the type of delay, if any, and to plan specific actions to prevent future similar deaths. A death case review form with key details was also filled immediately after each death. Moreover, data were collected from patient notes and medical records, and further information about a specific cause of death or the contributing factors, if needed, were collected.
Results During the study period (August 1, 2019–February 1, 2020), 10,726 births, 156 neonatal deaths, and 108 stillbirths were registered. A delay in recognizing the need for care and in the decision to seek care (delay 1) was believed to be responsible for 118 (44.6%) deaths. Most common factors included were poor awareness of when to seek care, not recognizing the problem or the danger signs, no or late antenatal care, and financial constraints and concern about the cost of care. Delay 2 (delay in seeking care or reaching care) was responsible for nine (3.4%) cases. Delay 3 (delay in receiving care) was responsible for 81 (30.7%) deaths. The most common modifiable factors were the poor or lack of training that followed by heavy workload, insufficient staff members, and no antenatal documentation. Effective actions were initiated across all the five hospitals in response to the delays to reduce preventable deaths.
Conclusion The formation of the facility-based DRCs was vital in identifying critical delays and modifiable factors, as well as developing initiatives and actions to address modifiable factors.
Key Points
Academic Stress and Study Habits of Health Science University Students
Authors: Shetty Sukesh , Kamath Neetha , Nalini M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction Academic stress and study habits are crucial indicators of academic success. At the moment, faulty study habits press on the students into academic stress. The present study was conducted to identify the academic stress and study habits of university students of health science.
Methods This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 150 undergraduate students of nursing, physiotherapy, and pharmacy (n = 50 in each group). A stratified random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The information on academic stress and study habits was collected by using the Student Stress Inventory and Palsane and Sharma Study Habit Inventory, respectively.
Results Mean score of academic stress was found to be 75.353 ± 16.463. Pharmacy students had a higher level of stress compared to physiotherapy and nursing students (p = 0.013). Furthermore, the prevalence of unsatisfactory study habits among undergraduate students was 72%, with a mean score of 52.7 ± 9.152. Also, nursing students had a higher level of study habits compared to physiotherapy and pharmacy Students. There was no significant relationship found between study habits and academic stress (r = −0.048, p = 0.557). There was a significant association found between study habits and gender (p = 0.021), as well the association found between stress level and course type, Pre-University Course percentage, and first-year percentage (p = 0.044, 0.04, and 0.044 respectively).
Conclusion Academic stress and poor study habits are prevalent among undergraduate students. This indicates strategies need to be formed to enhance healthy study habits and alleviate the academic stress of the students, mainly in professional courses; it is an urgent need.
Cerebrovascular Complications of Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery
Authors: Rayan Tarek , Helal Ahmed , Graffeo Christopher S. , Perry Avital , Carlstrom Lucas P. , Driscoll Colin L. W. , Link Michael J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective Cerebrovascular complications (CVC) are rare consequences of vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. Our objective was to assess incidences of findings suggestive of postoperative CVC in a large single surgeon cohort, as well as potential risk factors, and implications.
Study Design A cohort of 591 patients was retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative magnetic resonance images were screened for findings suggestive of stroke, T2 hyperintensity in the cerebellopontine angle structures or new encephalomalacia. Clinical records were queried for findings consistent with postoperative CVC.
Results In total, 61 patients had radiographic findings consistent with possible postoperative CVC (10%); of them, eight had documented intraoperative vascular injury (1.4%), and four had postoperative clinical exam changes indicative of CVC (0.7%). Clinically manifest intraoperative vascular injuries occurred in four patients and involved the petrosal venous complex (n = 3, 5%) or anterior inferior cerebellar artery (n = 1, 2%); clinical deficits included hemiparesis (n = 1, 2%), facial anesthesia (n = 2, 4%), dysphagia (n = 2, 2%), and unfavorable facial nerve function in two (50%). Three out of four patients in this group required out-of-home placement (75%). Clinical CVCs (n = 4) were not significantly associated with tumor size, tumor cyst, gross total resection, or length of stay. Patients with clinical CVC were significantly more likely to require posthospitalization rehabilitation (19 vs. 75%, p = 0.02; 14 vs. 100%, p = 0.0002).
Conclusion Although radiographic findings suggestive of CVC were unexpectedly common in this cohort, intraoperative vascular injury and postoperative clinical CVC were exceedingly rare. The association between unfavorable facial nerve outcome and clinical CVC is likely a marker for more difficult operations, predisposing to higher risk of complications.
Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on market orientation in retail banking
Authors: Haapio Hannele , Mero Joel , Karjaluoto Heikki , Shaikh Aijaz A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis qualitative study examines the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the implementation of market orientation (MO) in the context of retail banking. The findings show that MO was significantly reflected in the behaviors of banks upon encountering the COVID-19 situation, with the banks increasing their MO in response to the crisis. This study finds subcategories based on the empirical data that explain the implementation of MO in more detail. Overall, the findings provide valuable conceptual and managerial insights into the modus operandi of banks during a crisis and offer new best practices for the banking industry.
Odd-even staggering for production cross sections ofnuclei near the neutron drip-line *
Authors: Mei Bo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In our previous studies [Phys. Rev. C 97, 044619 (2018); Phys. Rev. C 103, 044610 (2021)], a universal odd-even staggering (OES) has been observed in extensive cross sections of isotopes not far from stability, measured for different fragmentation and spallation reactions. Four OES relations have been proposed on the basis of this OES universality. However, it is still unclear whether this OES universality and OES relations are applicable to many isotopes near the drip-lines. Here, the OES in recent experimental cross sections of very neutron-rich nuclei approaching the drip-line (from

Ge,

Se+

Be) is quantitatively investigated, to further validate the OES universality and OES relations. The OES magnitudes in these experimental data approaching the neutron drip-line generally agree with those evaluated previously, mainly from experimental data near stability. New OES evaluations derived from these experimental data are also recommended for more exotic nuclei near the neutron drip-line, which extends the conclusions of our previous OES studies. In addition, the OES relation calculations are consistent with these experimental data of very neutron-rich nuclides according to their comparisons in this work. Finally, comparisons with additional experimental data (from

U+

Be) also support that new OES evaluations and OES relation calculations can be applied for exotic nuclei near the neutron drip-line.
Effects of Moringa oleifera seed extract on PbNP-Toxicity induced in rats
Authors: Al-Obaidi Fiham Jassim , Ramizy Asmiet , Thaker Abid A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This work was conducted to study the protective role of Moringa oliefera seeds extract (MSE) against the toxic effect of commercial lead nanoparticles (CPbNP) in rats. Twenty eight albino male rats were divided into four groups (seven animals in each one) as follow: (A) control group, (B) 160mg/kg body weight per day (b. wt./d.) of M. oliefera (MSE)seed extract, (C): 5mg CPbNP/kg b. wt./d. and (D): MSE + CPbNP. The experimental period was 45 days. Blood was drawn for protein and enzyme estimation at the end of the period of exposure. The rats were dissected and the liver, kidney, spleen and muscle were isolated for Pb estimation. Results showed that the levels of bioaccumulated lead, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, malondialdehyde were significantly increased in exposed animals to CPbNP (P < 0.05). In contrast, there was a significant reduction of total proteins, albumin, glutathione, superoxide dismutase enzyme and catalase enzyme activities (P < 0. 05) in comparison to control. But the administration of the CPbNP with MSE, all the above biochemical changes were improved significantly. It is concluded that CPbNP has a significant toxic effect on rats, and that seed extract of M. Oleifera can reduce it.
Assessment of Health Awareness: Spreading and Prevention of Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Virus in the Anbar Governorate-Iraqi Community
Authors: Ahmed Harith Abdulrahman , Nuhad Al-Darraji Mustafa , Abdulrahman Ahmed Osama 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
SARS-COV-2 virus is one of the fastest spreading viruses targeting the respiratory and other system in the body. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the needs for preventive measures, particularly at the moment because the virus is spreading fast in various parts of the world, causing various levels of infections: medium to severe, and fatal. The study aimed at assessing health and environmental awareness apart from correcting some scientific healthy concepts related to COVID-19. Additionally, this study also attempted to spread awareness in a simple way that simulates all levels of society. The current study focused on Iraq, specifically Al-Anbar governorate, as it is free from COVID-19 infections according to the reports of the Iraqi Ministry of Health in cooperation with the WHO. In this study, a set of electronic questionnaire was selected to collect relevant data. The electronic questionnaire was chosen because of the quarantine order by the authority due to the COVID-19. The items were built based on a variety of health, preventive, and environmental scientific questions and it was electronically distributed to 2084 individuals in Governorate. The findings revealed that Ramadi city had the most participants responding to the questionnaire (47%). The participation rate for female was 52% while the rate for male is 48%. The biggest age group was 20-24 years old and the highest academic background was a bachelor’s degree in education. The findings indicated a good percentage of health awareness among the participants in the governorate emphasizing on health instructions and preventive measures taken by the Crisis Cell, which had an important role in being infectious-free during the period. It is summarized that the level of health awareness and the role of the Crisis Cell: worked together COVID-19 the infection. Additionally, this questionnaire had a great role in correcting some understanding of scientific concepts among the public.
Production of Cellulase and bioethanol by ethanol-tolerant coculture of Bacillus cereus and Fusarium solani
Authors: Abood Mohammed Fadhil , Mousa Hamzah Haider , Fakri Al-Rawii Dhafer 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cellulase is an enzyme produced by fungi and bacteria that hydrolyzes cellulose by breaking down the glycosidic bond, β-1,4 that binds sugar glucose units. Bioethanol and cellulase enzyme were produced by ethanol-tolerant of Bacillus cereus co-culture. So the production of filamentous solani were using the wastes of Cynodon dactylon L. The highest activity of enzyme was at 96 hour/30°C of incubation. The optimal pH value was 7.5, while the carbon concentration was 3%. On the other hand, the best inoculum ratio was 0.5/100 mL (52 × 108 cell/mL bacterial cells and 105 conidia/mL of the fungus). In order to test the efficiency of ethanol production by the co-culture by using different concentrations of pure ethanol was measured in the solid medium. Both Bacillus sp. and F. solani tolerated incubation with 5% ethanol. The best treatment when using 0.5% sulfuric acid which gave the best concentration of reduced sugars and the results showed a difference in the concentration of sugars produced by the fermentation process, it was 3.9 mg/mL in the first day, whereas it was 2.51 mg/mL after 120 hours of fermentation, the concentration of bioethanol produced after fermentation was 195 g/L. In conclusion Cynodon dactylon L. wastes were treated by sulfuric acid, cellulase digestion, and autoclave treatment to be a good source of reducing sugars.
Evaluation activity of bacteria Bacillus thurengensis and different concentrations of plant extracts on adult of house fly Musca domestica
Authors: Al-Joboory Raghad Khalaf , Adnan Elaf 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research included evaluating the efficacy of plant aqueous extracts for myrtle Myrtus communis, Nerium oleander, Eucalyptus spp. and Bacillus thuringiensis on adults of the house fly Musca domestica L. under laboratory conditions at a temperature of 2 ± 28°C and with a humidity of 50-70 %. it was found that the highest rate of laying eggs was in the extract of eucalyptus leaves, where the number of eggs laid was 60 eggs on average and at a concentration of 5%, while in the concentration of 10% the average egg was 55 eggs then In the extract of the leaves of the oleander was at a concentration of 10% at a rate of 50 eggs and in control treatments the number of eggs reached 80 eggs and the results showed the highest death rate for adults before laying eggs was in the extract of the eucalyptus leaves at a concentration of 15% where the death of 6 adults and the lowest percentage of death by 5% was recorded One adult death and the highest rate priest for eggs, with a concentration of 10%, reached 94%, and the highest percentage of larval mortality reached 68.12%, with a concentration of 10% in the transactions of extract of oleander leaves, and in it also the highest rate of exclusion is 31.93%. The third larval stage with a concentration of 5% with a ratio of 3.67 days and the highest incidence rate in the third larval stage with a concentration of 2.5% at a rate of 26.70% and the lowest incidence rate of 6.70% with a concentration of 2.5% and 5% and 7.5% in the first and second stages respectively and the lowest dawning rate was recorded in the larval phase the first with a concentration of 2.5% at 16.66% and the highest deformation rate in the third larval stage with a concentration of 7.5% at 66.66%. As for its effect on the number of eggs was a rate of zero% of all concentrations (2.5%, 5% and 7.5%) compared to 80 control egg either its effect on the longevity of the adult was the highest rate of longevity amounting to a concentration of 7.5% by 5.33 day..