bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrantly low STAT3 and STAT5 responses are associated with poor outcome and an inflammatory gene expression signature in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Narayanan P. , Man T.-K. , Gerbing R. B. , Ries R. , Stevens A. M. , Wang Y.-C. , Long X. , Gamis A. S. , Cooper T. , Meshinchi S. , Alonzo T. A. , Redell M. S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe relapse rate for children with acute myeloid leukemia is nearly 40% despite aggressive chemotherapy and often stem cell transplant. We sought to understand how environment-induced signaling responses are associated with clinical response to treatment. We previously reported that patients whose AML cells showed low G-CSF-induced STAT3 activation had inferior event-free survival compared to patients with stronger STAT3 responses. Here, we expanded the paradigm to evaluate multiple signaling parameters induced by a more physiological stimulus. We measured STAT3, STAT5 and ERK1/2 responses to G-CSF and to stromal cell-conditioned medium for 113 patients enrolled on COG trials AAML03P1 and AAML0531. Low inducible STAT3 activity was independently associated with inferior event-free survival in multivariate analyses. For inducible STAT5 activity, those with the lowest and highest responses had inferior event-free survival, compared to patients with intermediate STAT5 responses. Using existing RNA-sequencing data, we compared gene expression profiles for patients with low inducible STAT3/5 activation with those for patients with higher inducible STAT3/5 signaling. Genes encoding hematopoietic factors and mitochondrial respiratory chain subunits were overexpressed in the low STAT3/5 response groups, implicating inflammatory and metabolic pathways as potential mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance. We validated the prognostic relevance of individual genes from the low STAT3/5 response signature in a large independent cohort of pediatric AML patients. These findings provide novel insights into interactions between AML cells and the microenvironment that are associated with treatment failure and could be targeted for therapeutic interventions.
On the Uniqueness Problem for Quadrature Domains
Authors: Ameur Yacin , Helmer Martin , Tellander Felix 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe study questions of existence and uniqueness of quadrature domains using computational tools from real algebraic geometry. These problems are transformed into questions about the number of solutions to an associated real semi-algebraic system, which is analyzed using the method of real comprehensive triangular decomposition.
Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries
Authors: Liu Hanwen , Lai Wei-Hong , Yang Qiuran , Lei Yaojie , Wu Can , Wang Nana , Wang Yun-Xiao , Chou Shu-Lei , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Shi Xue 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This work reports influence of two different electrolytes, carbonate ester and ether electrolytes, on the sulfur redox reactions in room-temperature Na–S batteries. Two sulfur cathodes with different S loading ratio and status are investigated. A sulfur-rich composite with most sulfur dispersed on the surface of a carbon host can realize a high loading ratio (72% S). In contrast, a confined sulfur sample can encapsulate S into the pores of the carbon host with a low loading ratio (44% S). In carbonate ester electrolyte, only the sulfur trapped in porous structures is active via ‘solid–solid’ behavior during cycling. The S cathode with high surface sulfur shows poor reversible capacity because of the severe side reactions between the surface polysulfides and the carbonate ester solvents. To improve the capacity of the sulfur-rich cathode, ether electrolyte with NaNO3 additive is explored to realize a ‘solid–liquid’ sulfur redox process and confine the shuttle effect of the dissolved polysulfides. As a result, the sulfur-rich cathode achieved high reversible capacity (483 mAh g−1), corresponding to a specific energy of 362 Wh kg−1 after 200 cycles, shedding light on the use of ether electrolyte for high-loading sulfur cathode.
Refined Geometric Modeling of Laser Pulse Propagation in Airborne LiDAR Bathymetry
Authors: Richter Katja , Mader David , Westfeld Patrick , Maas Hans-Gerd 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo achieve a geometrically accurate representation of the water bottom, airborne LiDAR bathymetry (ALB) requires the correction of the raw 3D point coordinates due to refraction at the air–water interface, different signal velocity in air and water, and further propagation induced effects. The processing of bathymetric LiDAR data is based on a geometric model of the laser bathymetry pulse propagation describing the complex interactions of laser radiation with the water medium and the water bottom. The model comprises the geometric description of laser ray, water surface, refraction, scattering in the water column, and diffuse bottom reflection. Conventional geometric modeling approaches introduce certain simplifications concerning the water surface, the laser ray, and the bottom reflection. Usually, the local curvature of the water surface and the beam divergence are neglected and the travel path of the outgoing and the returned pulse is assumed to be identical. The deviations between the applied geometric model and the actual laser beam path cause a coordinate offset at the water bottom, which affects the accuracy potential of the measuring method. The paper presents enhanced approaches to geometric modeling which are based on a more accurate representation of water surface geometry and laser ray geometry and take into account the diffuse reflection at the water bottom. The refined geometric modeling results in an improved coordinate accuracy at the water bottom. The impact of the geometric modeling methods on the accuracy of the water bottom points is analyzed in a controlled manner using a laser bathymetry simulator. The findings will contribute to increase the accuracy potential of modern ALB systems.
Factors Influencing Student STEM Learning: Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancy, 21st Century Skills, and Career Awareness
Authors: Han Jung , Kelley Todd , Knowles J. Geoff 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSocial, motivational, and instructional factors impact students’ outcomes in STEM learning and their career paths. Based on prior research and expectancy-value theory, the study further explored how multiple factors affect students in the context of integrated STEM learning. High school STEM teachers participated in summer professional development and taught integrated STEM to students during the following school year, where scientific inquiry, biomimicry, 3D printing technology, and engineering design were integrated as instructional strategies. Surveys were conducted to measure teacher self-efficacy and outcome expectancy. Student STEM attitudes (self-efficacy and expectancy-value beliefs), 21st century skills, STEM career awareness, and STEM knowledge achievement were also measured using a survey and a custom-made knowledge test. Based on expectancy-value theory and literature, a path model was developed and tested to investigate causal relationships between these factors. The results revealed direct and indirect effects of teacher self-efficacy and outcome expectancy on students’ STEM knowledge achievements. Student STEM attitudes (self-efficacy and expectancy-value beliefs), 21st century skills, and STEM career awareness also significantly influenced STEM knowledge achievement directly or indirectly.
Evaluating Metrics Applied to the Medical Science Liaison (MSL) Role: A Survey-Based Study of Canadian MSL Leaders
Authors: Saleem Munaza , Cesario Lisa , Wilcox Lisa , Haynes Marsha , Collin Simon , Langlois Peter , Kenyon Stevie , Chilelli Andrew 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Metrics utilized within the Medical Science Liaison (MSL) role are plentiful and traditionally quantitative. We sought to understand the current use and value of metrics applied to the MSL role, including the use of qualitative metrics.

Methods
We developed a list of 70 MSL leaders working in Canada, spanning 29 companies. Invitations were emailed Jun 16, 2020 and the 25-question online survey was open for 3 weeks. Questions were designed to assess demographics as well as how and why metrics are applied to the MSL role. Data analyses were descriptive.

Results
Responses were received from 44 leaders (63%). Of the 42 eligible, 45% had ≤ 2 years of experience as MSL leaders and 86% supported specialty care products over many phases of the product lifecycle. A majority (69%) agreed or strongly agreed that metrics are critical to understanding whether an MSL is delivering value, and 98% had used metrics in the past year. The most common reason to use metrics was ‘to show value/impact of MSLs to leadership’ (66%). The most frequently used metric was ‘number of health-care professional (HCP) interactions’, despite this being seen as having moderate value. Quantitative metrics were used more often than qualitative, although qualitative were more often highly valued.

Conclusion
The data collected show a lack of agreement between the frequency of use for some metrics and their value in demonstrating the contribution of an MSL. Overall, MSL leaders in our study felt qualitative metrics were a better means of showing the true impact of MSLs.
Geodesic planes in geometrically finite acylindrical -manifolds
Authors: BENOIST YVES , OH HEE 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLetMbe a geometrically finite acylindrical hyperbolic$3$-manifold and let$M^*$denote the interior of the convex core ofM. We show that any geodesic plane in$M^*$is either closed or dense, and that there are only countably many closed geodesic planes in$M^*$. These results were obtained by McMullen, Mohammadi and Oh [Geodesic planes in hyperbolic 3-manifolds.Invent. Math.209(2017), 425–461; Geodesic planes in the convex core of an acylindrical 3-manifold.Duke Math. J., to appear,Preprint, 2018, arXiv:1802.03853] whenMis convex cocompact. As a corollary, we obtain that whenMcovers an arithmetic hyperbolic$3$-manifold$M_0$, the topological behavior of a geodesic plane in$M^*$is governed by that of the corresponding plane in$M_0$. We construct a counterexample of this phenomenon when$M_0$is non-arithmetic.
Use of whole-genome sequencing to investigate a cluster of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in emergency department personnel
Authors: Chan Ernest R. , Jones Lucas D. , Redmond Sarah N. , Navas Maria E. , Kachaluba Nataliya M. , Zabarsky Trina F. , Bhullar Davinder , Cadnum Jennifer L. , Zimmerman Peter A. , Donskey Curtis J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSeveral recent reports have raised concern that infected coworkers may be an important source of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) acquisition by healthcare personnel. In a suspected outbreak among emergency department personnel, sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed transmission among coworkers. The suspected 6-person outbreak included 2 distinct transmission clusters and 1 unrelated infection.
Description of the metoposauridAnaschisma brownifrom the New Oxford Formation of Pennsylvania
Authors: Gee Bryan M. , Jasinski Steven E. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMetoposaurids are a widespread and ubiquitous constituent of Late Triassic non-marine paleoenvironments. In North America, this group is practically the only large-bodied temnospondyl clade, and is particularly well documented from the American southwest and south-central regions (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas). However, metoposaurids are poorly documented from eastern North America, with fragmentary, doubtfully diagnostic historical material such as “Dictyocephalus elegans” Leidy, 1856 and “Eupelor durus” Cope, 1866. The Zions View (early Norian?) locality in Pennsylvania preserves more-complete material, which previous workers noted as belonging to “Buettneria perfecta” Case, 1922 (=Anaschisma browniBranson, 1905). However, the material has never been described in a fashion that characterizes the anatomy or that justifies the taxonomic assignment, yet it would represent the most complete material in eastern North America and a substantial expansion of this taxon's geographic range. Here we redescribe the Zions View metoposaurid material in detail, differentiating it fromCalamops paludosusSinclair, 1917, the only other Late Triassic temnospondyl from the eastern seaboard, and demonstrating confident affinities withA.browni. Our study is the first to properly justify the taxonomic referral, underscoring the broader importance of proper documentation of voucher specimens, especially for potential geographic outliers.Anaschisma browniis thus the most widely dispersed metoposaurid. Its easternmost documentation underscores the importance of the undersampled and understudied metoposaurid record on the eastern seaboard for understanding the development of a metoposaurid zone of exclusivity in North America and demonstrates the need for further exploration to refine conceptualizations of Late Triassic tetrapod evolution.
PERSECUTION AND THE ART OF FREEDOM: ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE ON THE IMPORTANCE OF FREE PRESS AND FREE SPEECH IN DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
Authors: Habib Khalil M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAccording to Tocqueville, the freedom of the press, which he treats as an extension of the freedom of speech, is a primary constituent element of liberty. Tocqueville treats the freedom of the press in relation to and as an extension of the right to assemble and govern one’s own affairs, both of which he argues are essential to preserving liberty in a free society. Although scholars acknowledge the importance of civil associations to liberty in Tocqueville’s political thought, they routinely ignore the importance he places on the freedom of the press and speech. His reflections on the importance of the free press and speech may help to shed light on the dangers of recent attempts to censor the press and speech.
A bionic point-source polarisation sensor applied to underwater orientation
Authors: Zhang Teng , Yang Jian , Guo Lei , Hu Pengwei , Liu Xin , Huang Panpan , Wang Chenliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWith the characteristics of full autonomy and no accumulated errors, polarisation navigation shows tremendous prospects in underwater scenarios. In this paper, inspired by the polarisation vision of aquatic organisms, a novel point-source polarisation sensor with high spectral adaptability (400 nm–760 nm) is designed for underwater orientation. To enhance the environmental applicability of the underwater polarisation sensor, a novel sensor model based on the underwater light intensity attenuation coefficient and optical coupling coefficient is established. In addition, concerned with the influence of light intensity uncertainty on sensor performance underwater, an antagonistic polarisation algorithm is adopted for the first time, to improve the accuracy of angle of polarisation and degree of polarisation in the low signal-to-noise ratio environment underwater. Finally, indoor and outdoor experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the designed polarisation sensor. The results show that the designed point-source polarisation sensor can acquire polarised light and be used for heading determination underwater.
Cyanosis in a patient after Fontan palliation due to unrecognised hepatic vein to coronary sinus communication
Authors: Oshiro Kristin T. , Thanjan Maria T. , Holzer Ralf J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA 6-year-old male with heterotaxia, abnormal systemic and pulmonary venous drainage, and a history of Fontan completion presented with desaturations and was found by cardiac catheterisation to have a hepatic vein to coronary sinus connection. This was successfully occluded using an Amplatzer Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect Occluder.
STEENROD OPERATIONS ON THE DE RHAM COHOMOLOGY OF ALGEBRAIC STACKS
Authors: Scavia Federico 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBuilding upon work of Epstein, May and Drury, we define and investigate the mod p Steenrod operations on the de Rham cohomology of smooth algebraic stacks over a field of characteristic

$p>0$
. We then compute the action of the operations on the de Rham cohomology of classifying stacks for finite groups, connected reductive groups for which p is not a torsion prime and (special) orthogonal groups when

$p=2$
.
Global Impact of ENSO on Dust Activities with Emphasis on the Key Region from the Arabian Peninsula to Central Asia
Authors: Huang Yuhong , Liu Xiaodong , Yin Zhi‐Yong , An Zhisheng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been found to be closely related to dust aerosol activities in many parts of the world. However, previous studies have rarely explored the ENSO’s impacts in the global context. In this study, the responses of the interannual variability of global atmospheric dust content to the ENSO cycle (including the eastern Pacific and central Pacific types) are examined using the MERRA‐2 atmospheric aerosol reanalysis data. The ENSO‐related tropical eastern Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the antecedent winter (November to January) have the most significant effect on the airborne dust content in a region from the Arabian Peninsula to Central Asia during the following spring and summer (April to July), which is identified as the key region (KR) of the ENSO’s impacts. The positive (negative) tropical eastern Pacific SST anomalies in the preceding winter during the El Niño (La Niña) years correspond to significantly reduced (increased) dust column content in the following spring and summer over the KR, which was confirmed using singular value decomposition. With the above (below)‐normal winter SST anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific, the Walker Circulation weakens (strengthens), and the divergence (convergence) over the western tropical Pacific and the convergence (divergence) over the southern tropical Indian Ocean in the lower troposphere are strengthened, which facilitate (restrain) the southward diffusion of airborne dust in the KR. Meanwhile, the increased (decreased) precipitation and soil moisture and the corresponding vegetation conditions help limit (promote) the dust emission in the KR during the El Niño (La Niña) years.
A digital intervention targeting cognitive control network dysfunction in middle age and older adults with major depression
Authors: Gunning Faith M. , Anguera Joaquin A. , Victoria Lindsay W. , Areán Patricia A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNonpharmacological interventions targeting putative network mechanisms of major depressive disorder (MDD) may represent novel treatments. This mechanistic study investigates how a video game-like intervention, designed to improve cognitive control network (CCN) functioning by targeting multitasking, influences the CCN of middle-aged and older adults with MDD. The sample consisted of 34 adults aged 45–75 with SCID-defined diagnosis of MDD, Hamilton depression rating scale scores ≥20, and a deficit in cognitive control. Participants were instructed to play at home for 20–25 min per day, at least 5 times per week, for 4 weeks. Evidence of target engagement was defined a priori as >2/3 of participants showing CCN improvement. CCN engagement was defined as a change in a Z score of ≥0.5 on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in activation and functional connectivity of the CCN during task-based and resting-state fMRI, respectively. 74% of participants showed a change in activation of the CCN, and 72% showed an increase in resting-state functional connectivity. Sixty-eight percent demonstrated improved cognitive control function, measured as either improvement on sustained attention or working memory performance or reduced self-reported symptoms of apathy on the frontal systems behavioral scale (FrsBe). Participants also reported a significant reduction in mood symptoms measured by PHQ-9. A remotely deployed neuroscience-informed video game-like intervention improves both CCN functions and mood in middle-aged and older adults with MDD. This easily-disseminated intervention may rescue CCN dysfunction present in a substantial subset of middle-aged and older adults with MDD.
A resource to explore the discovery of rare diseases and their causative genes
Authors: Ehrhart Friederike , Willighagen Egon L. , Kutmon Martina , van Hoften Max , Curfs Leopold M. G. , Evelo Chris T. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHere, we describe a dataset with information about monogenic, rare diseases with a known genetic background, supplemented with manually extracted provenance for the disease itself and the discovery of the underlying genetic cause. We assembled a collection of 4166 rare monogenic diseases and linked them to 3163 causative genes, annotated with OMIM and Ensembl identifiers and HGNC symbols. The PubMed identifiers of the scientific publications, which for the first time described the rare diseases, and the publications, which found the genes causing the diseases were added using information from OMIM, PubMed, Wikipedia, whonamedit.com, and Google Scholar. The data are available under CC0 license as spreadsheet and as RDF in a semantic model modified from DisGeNET, and was added to Wikidata. This dataset relies on publicly available data and publications with a PubMed identifier, but by our effort to make the data interoperable and linked, we can now analyse this data. Our analysis revealed the timeline of rare disease and causative gene discovery and links them to developments in methods.
A database of global storm surge reconstructions
Authors: Tadesse Michael Getachew , Wahl Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStorm surges are among the deadliest coastal hazards and understanding how they have been affected by climate change and variability in the past is crucial to prepare for the future. However, tide gauge records are often too short to assess trends and perform robust statistical analyses. Here we use a data-driven modeling framework to simulate daily maximum surge values at 882 tide gauge locations across the globe. We use five different atmospheric reanalysis products for the storm surge reconstruction, the longest one going as far back as 1836. The data that we generate can be used, for example, for long-term trend analyses of the storm surge climate and identification of regions where changes in the intensity and/or frequency of storms surges have occurred in the past. It also provides a better basis for robust extreme value analysis, especially for tide gauges where observational records are short. The data are made available for public use through an interactive web-map as well as a public data repository.
A data-driven approach to violin making
Authors: Gonzalez Sebastian , Salvi Davide , Baeza Daniel , Antonacci Fabio , Sarti Augusto 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOf all the characteristics of a violin, those that concern its shape are probably the most important ones, as the violin maker has complete control over them. Contemporary violin making, however, is still based more on tradition than understanding, and a definitive scientific study of the specific relations that exist between shape and vibrational properties is yet to come and sorely missed. In this article, using standard statistical learning tools, we show that the modal frequencies of violin tops can, in fact, be predicted from geometric parameters, and that artificial intelligence can be successfully applied to traditional violin making. We also study how modal frequencies vary with the thicknesses of the plate (a process often referred to as plate tuning) and discuss the complexity of this dependency. Finally, we propose a predictive tool for plate tuning, which takes into account material and geometric parameters.