bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and willingness to pay: comparison of people with and without mental disorders in China
Authors: Hao Fengyi , Wang Bokun , Tan Wanqiu , Husain Syeda Fabeha , McIntyre Roger S. , Tang Xiangdong , Zhang Ling , Han Xiaofan , Jiang Li , Chew Nicholas W. S. , Tan Benjamin Yong-Qiang , Tran Bach , Zhang Zhisong , Vu Gia Linh , Vu Giang Thu , Ho Roger , Ho Cyrus S. , Sharma Vijay K. 
Published: August 2021

Background
Acceptance and willingness to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine are unknown.

Aims
We compared attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination in people suffering from depression or anxiety disorder and people without mental disorders, and their willingness to pay for it.

Method
Adults with depression or anxiety disorder (n = 79) and healthy controls (n = 134) living in Chongqing, China, completed a cross-sectional study between 13 and 26 January 2021. We used a validated survey to assess eight aspects related to attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccines. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale.

Results
Seventy-six people with depression or anxiety disorder (96.2%) and 134 healthy controls (100%) reported willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. A significantly higher proportion of people with depression or anxiety disorder (64.5%) were more willing to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine than healthy controls (38.1%) (P ≤ 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, severity of depression and anxiety was significantly associated with willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccination among psychiatric patients (P = 0.048). Non-healthcare workers (P = 0.039), health insurance (P = 0.003), living with children (P = 0.006) and internalised stigma (P = 0.002) were significant factors associated with willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccine in healthy controls.

Conclusions
To conclude, psychiatric patients in Chongqing, China, showed high acceptance and willingness to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine. Factors associated with willingness to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine differed between psychiatric patients and healthy controls.
Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin Versus Fluorouracil Plus Cisplatin as First-Line Therapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Final Overall Survival Analysis of GEM20110714 Phase III Study
Authors: Hong Shaodong , Zhang Yaxiong , Yu Gengsheng , Peng Peijian , Peng Jiewen , Jia Jun , Wu Xuan , Huang Yan , Yang Yunpeng , Lin Qing , Xi Xuping , Xu Mingjun , Chen Dongping , Lu Xiaojun , Wang Rensheng , Cao Xiaolong , Chen Xiaozhong , Lin Zhixiong , Xiong Jianping , Lin Qin , Xie Conghua , Li Zhihua , Pan Jianji , Li Jingao , Wu Shixiu , Lian Yingni , Yang Quanlie , Zhao Chong , Fang Wenfeng , Zhang Li 
Published: August 2021

PURPOSEGEM20110714 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01528618 ), the first randomized, phase III study of systemic chemotherapy in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), reported significant progression-free survival improvement with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) versus fluorouracil plus cisplatin (FP; hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.68; P < .001). Data from the final analysis of overall survival (OS) are presented here.METHODSFrom February 2012 to October 2015, 362 patients were randomly assigned to receive either GP (gemcitabine 1 g/m2once daily on days 1 and 8 and cisplatin 80 mg/m2once daily on day 1; n = 181) or FP (fluorouracil 4 g/m2in continuous intravenous infusion over 96 hours and cisplatin 80 mg/m2once daily on day 1; n = 181) once every 21 days. The primary end point was progression-free survival, which has been previously reported; OS was a secondary end point.RESULTSAfter a median follow-up time of 69.5 months with GP and 69.7 months with FP, 148 (81.8%) and 166 (91.7%) deaths occurred in the GP and FP arms, respectively. The estimated hazard ratio for OS was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.90; two-sided P = .004). The median OS was 22.1 months (95% CI, 19.2 to 25.0 months) with GP versus 18.6 months (95% CI, 15.4 to 21.7 months) with FP. The OS probabilities at 1, 3, and 5 years were 79.9% versus 71.8%, 31.0% versus 20.4%, and 19.2% versus 7.8%, respectively. Poststudy therapy was administered in 51.9% and 55.2% of patients in the GP and FP arms, respectively.CONCLUSIONAmong patients with previously untreated advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, those who receive GP have longer OS than those receive FP. Gemcitabine plus cisplatin should be considered a preferred front-line option for these patients.
Are behaviour change techniques and intervention features associated with effectiveness of digital cardiac rehabilitation programmes? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Kenny Eanna , McEvoy John W. , McSharry Jenny , Collins Linda M. , Taylor Rod S. , Byrne Molly 
Published: August 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a complex intervention that aims to stabilise, slow, or reverse the progression of CVD and improve patients’ functional status and quality of life. Digitally delivered CR has been shown to be effective and can overcome many of the access barriers associated with traditional centre-based delivered CR programmes. However, there is a limited understanding of the behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and intervention features that maximise the effectiveness of digital programmes. Therefore, this systematic review will aim to identify the BCTs that have been used in digital CR programmes and to determine which BCTs and intervention features are associated with programme effectiveness. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, CINHAL, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be searched from inception to June 2021 for randomised controlled trials of digital CR with CVD patients. Screening, data extraction, intervention coding and risk of bias will be performed by one reviewer with a second reviewer independently verifying a random 20% of the articles. Intervention content will be coded using the behaviour change technique taxonomy v1 and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and intervention features will be identified. A meta-analysis will be conducted to calculate the pooled effect size of each outcome, and meta-regression analyses will investigate whether intervention features and the presence and absence of individual BCTs in interventions are associated with intervention effectiveness. Discussion: The review will identify BCTs and intervention features that are associated with digital CR programmes and adopt a systematic approach to describe the content of these programmes using the BCT taxonomy (v1) and TIDieR checklist. The results will provide key insights into the content and design of successful digital CR programmes, providing a foundation for further development, testing and refinement.
Azithromycin and cefixime combination versus azithromycin alone for the out-patient treatment of clinically suspected or confirmed uncomplicated typhoid fever in South Asia: a randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Giri Abhishek , Karkey Abhilasha , Dongol Sabina , Arjyal Amit , Maharjan Archana , Veeraraghavan Balaji , Paudyal Buddhi , Dolecek Christiane , Gajurel Damodar , Phuong Dung Nguyen Thi , Thanh Duy Pham , Qamar Farah , Kang Gagandeep , Hien Ho Van , John Jacob , Lawson Katrina , Wolbers Marcel , Hossain Md. Shabab , Sharifuzzaman M , Luangasanatip Nantasit , Maharjan Nhukesh , Olliaro Piero , Rupali Priscilla , Shakya Ronas , Shakoor Sadia , Rijal Samita , Qureshi Sonia , Baker Stephen , Joshi Subi , Ahmed Tahmeed , Darton Thomas , Bao Tran Nguyen , Lubell Yoel , Kestelyn Evelyne , Thwaites Guy , Parry Christopher M. , Basnyat Buddha 
Published: August 2021

Background: Typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever) is a common cause of non-specific febrile infection in adults and children presenting to health care facilities in low resource settings such as the South Asia. A 7-day course of a single oral antimicrobial such as ciprofloxacin, cefixime or azithromycin is commonly used for its treatment. Increasing antimicrobial resistance threatens the effectiveness of these treatment choices. We hypothesize that combined treatment with azithromycin (active mainly intracellularly) and cefixime (active mainly extracellularly) will be a better option for the treatment of typhoid fever in South Asia. Methods: This is a phase IV, international multi-centre, multi-country, comparative participant-and observer-blind, 1:1 randomised clinical trial. Patients with suspected uncomplicated typhoid fever will be randomised to one of the two interventions: Arm A: azithromycin 20mg/kg/day oral dose once daily (maximum 1gm/day) and cefixime 20mg/kg/day oral dose in two divided doses (maximum 400mg bd) for 7 days, Arm B: azithromycin 20mg/kg/day oral dose once daily (max 1gm/day) for 7 days AND cefixime-matched placebo for 7 days. We will recruit 1500 patients across sites in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. We will assess whether treatment outcomes are better with the combination after one week of treatment and at one- and three-months follow-up. Discussion: Combined treatment may limit the emergence of resistance if one of the components is active against resistant sub-populations not covered by the other antimicrobial’s activity. If the combined treatment is better than the single antimicrobial treatment, this will be an important result for patients across South Asia and other typhoid endemic areas. Clinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT04349826 (16/04/2020)
Panic Selling When Disaster Strikes: Evidence in the Bond and Stock Markets
Authors: Huynh Thanh D. , Xia Ying 
Published: August 2021

This study uses disaggregated establishment-level data to identify a firm’s exposure to physical climate risk and examines investors’ reaction to natural disasters in both the U.S. corporate bond and stock markets. We find that, when a firm is exposed to disasters, investors overreact by depressing the current bond and stock prices, causing future returns to be higher. However, firms with a strong environmental profile experience lower selling pressure on their bonds and stocks, although their fundamentals weakened following disasters. The evidence suggests that corporate investment in improving environmental profiles pays off when climate change risk is materialized. This paper was accepted by Colin Mayer, Special Section of Management Science on Business and Climate Change. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.4018 .
The experience and psychological impact of a sharps injury on a nursing student population in the UK
Authors: Hambridge Kevin , Endacott Ruth , Nichols Andrew 
Published: August 2021

Aims:The aims of this study were to explore the experience and psychological impact of sustaining a sharps injury within a nursing student population in the UK. Design: A qualitative approach was taken, using two methods to gather data, namely a Twitter chat and interviews.Methods:A Twitter chat was orchestrated to investigate the experiences of sharps injury with nursing students and registered nurses nationwide (n=71). Interviews were conducted with nursing students from a university in the UK who had sustained a sharps injury (n=12) to discover their experiences and the impact of the injury. Findings were then synthesised and examined.Results:Some nursing students reported psychological impacts after sustaining the sharps injury, which affected both their professional and personal life. The qualitative findings were synthesised into eight themes.Conclusion:Sharps injuries can have many psychological impacts on the individual nursing student and necessary support should be available.
Microscopic optical coherence tomography (mOCT) at 600 kHz for 4D volumetric imaging and dynamic contrast
Authors: Münter Michael , Pieper Mario , Kohlfaerber Tabea , Bodenstorfer Ernst , Ahrens Martin , Winter Christian , Huber Robert , König Peter , Hüttmann Gereon , Schulz-Hildebrandt Hinnerk 
Published: August 2021

Volumetric imaging of dynamic processes with microscopic resolution holds a huge potential in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Using supercontinuum light sources and high numerical aperture (NA) objectives, optical coherence tomography (OCT) achieves microscopic resolution and is well suited for imaging cellular and subcellular structures of biological tissues. Currently, the imaging speed of microscopic OCT (mOCT) is limited by the line-scan rate of the spectrometer camera and ranges from 30 to 250 kHz. This is not fast enough for volumetric imaging of dynamic processes in vivo and limits endoscopic application. Using a novel CMOS camera, we demonstrate fast 3-dimensional OCT imaging with 600,000 A-scans/s at 1.8 µm axial and 1.1 µm lateral resolution. The improved speed is used for imaging of ciliary motion and particle transport in ex vivo mouse trachea. Furthermore, we demonstrate dynamic contrast OCT by evaluating the recorded volumes rather than en face planes or B-scans. High-speed volumetric mOCT will enable the correction of global tissue motion and is a prerequisite for applying dynamic contrast mOCT in vivo. With further increase in imaging speed and integration in flexible endoscopes, volumetric mOCT may be used to complement or partly replace biopsies.
Design of an on-chip sensor operating near the dispersion turning point with ultrahigh sensitivity
Authors: Zhang Gangshun , Huang Tianye , Wu Zhichao , Tu Xin , Zhang Xiangli , Luo Dapeng , Lei Rongrong , Xu Guizhen , Zhang Wang 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, an on-chip refractive index (RI) sensor based on the asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is proposed for sensitivity enhancement. The outstanding sensing performance is obtained by achieving the dispersion turning point (DTP). We analyze the necessary conditions for DTP formation, the transmission spectrum characteristics, and the sensing performance near the DTP. The results show that when the group index difference between the reference arm and the sensing arm is close to zero, high RI sensitivity can be obtained near the DTP. Since the resonance peaks on both sides of the DTP have different shift directions with the change of RI, by tracing the wavelength shift between the two resonance peaks, the RI sensitivity and the limit of detection can reach 40960 nm/refractive index unit (RIU) and

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. The proposed asymmetric MZI sensor provides a potential on-chip platform for high-performance RI sensing.
Broadband operation of a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator with a spatially dispersed beam
Authors: Nagashima Keisuke , Itakura Ryuji , Ishii Nobuhisa 
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate the broadband operation of a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator (SPOPO) with a spatially dispersed beam and a fan-out type MgO-doped periodically poled

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i
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a

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3

(MgO:PPLT). Spatial dispersion was generated using a glass prism placed in the SPOPO cavity. The poling period was designed to match the spatial dispersion and phase matching in MgO:PPLT, and the spectral dispersion in the cavity was compensated for using a fused silica plate, which had a negative dispersion at a signal wavelength of 1500–1600 nm. We succeeded in generating signal pulses with a pulse length of 81 fs, which was approximately 1/5 of the pump pulse length.
Excess cost of care associated with sepsis in cancer patients: Results from a population-based case-control matched cohort
Authors: Tew Michelle , Dalziel Kim , Thursky Karin , Krahn Murray , Abrahamyan Lusine , Morris Andrew M. , Clarke Philip 
Published: August 2021

Background
Cancer patients are at significant risk of developing sepsis due to underlying malignancy and necessary treatments. Little is known about the economic burden of sepsis in this high-risk population. We estimate the short- and long-term healthcare costs of care of cancer patients with and without sepsis using individual-level linked-administrative data.

Methods
We conducted a population-based matched cohort study of cancer patients aged ≥18, diagnosed between 2010 and 2017. Cases were identified if diagnosed with sepsis during the study period, and were matched 1:1 by age, sex, cancer type and other variables to controls without sepsis. Mean costs (2018 Canadian dollars) for patients with and without sepsis up to 5 years were estimated adjusted using survival probabilities at partitioned intervals. We estimated excess cost associated with sepsis presented as a cost difference between the two cohorts. Haematological and solid cancers were analysed separately.

Results
77,483 cancer patients with sepsis were identified and matched. 64.3% of the cohort were aged ≥65, 46.3% female and 17.8% with haematological malignancies. Among solid tumour patients, the excess cost of care among patients who developed sepsis was $29,081 (95%CI, $28,404-$29,757) in the first year, rising to $60,714 (95%CI, $59,729-$61,698) over 5 years. This was higher for haematology patients; $46,154 (95%CI, $45,505-$46,804) in year 1, increasing to $75,931 (95%CI, $74,895-$76,968).

Conclusions
Sepsis imposes substantial economic burden and can result in a doubling of cancer care costs, particularly during the first year of cancer diagnosis. These estimates are helpful in improving our understanding of burden of sepsis along the cancer pathway and to deploy targeted strategies to alleviate this burden.
Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018
Authors: Lulseged Sileshi , Belete Wudinesh , Ahmed Jelaludin , Gelibo Terefe , Teklie Habtamu , West Christine W. , Melaku Zenebe , Demissie Minilik , Farhani Mansoor , Eshetu Frehywot , Birhanu Sehin , Getaneh Yimam , Patel Hetal , Voetsch Andrew C. ,   EPHIA Study Team
Published: August 2021

Background
The HIV epidemic in Ethiopia is concentrated in urban areas. Ethiopia conducted a Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (EPHIA) in urban areas between October 2017 and April 2018 to measure the status of the country’s response to the epidemic.

Methods
We conducted field data collection and HIV testing in randomly selected households using the national, rapid testing algorithm with laboratory confirmation of seropositive samples using a supplemental assay. In addition to self-report on HIV diagnosis and treatment, all HIV-positive participants were screened for a set of HIV antiretroviral (ARV) drugs indicative of the first- and second-line regimens. We calculated weighted frequencies and 95% confidence intervals to assess regional variation in participants’ level of unawareness of their HIV-positive status (adjusted for ARV status).

Results
We interviewed 20,170 survey participants 15–64 years of age, of which 19,136 (95%) were tested for HIV, 614 (3.2%) tested positive, and 119 (21%) of HIV-positive persons were unaware of their HIV status. Progress towards the UNAIDS first 90 target (90% of people living with HIV would be aware of their HIV status by 2020) substantially differed by administrative region of the country. In the bivariate analysis using log binomial regression, three regions (Oromia, Addis Ababa, and Harari), male gender, and young age (15–24 years) were significantly associated with awareness of HIV positive status. In multivariate analysis, the same variables were associated with awareness of HIV-positive status.

Conclusion
One-fifth of the HIV-positive urban population were unaware of their HIV-positive status. The number of unaware HIV-positive individuals has a different distribution than the HIV prevalence. National and regional planning and monitoring activities could address this potentially substantial source of undetected HIV infection by increasing HIV testing among young people, men and individuals who do not use condoms.
Functional limitations in people with multimorbidity and the association with mental health conditions: Baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Authors: Fisher Kathryn , Griffith Lauren E. , Gruneir Andrea , Kanters David , Markle-Reid Maureen , Ploeg Jenny 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
Increasing multimorbidity is often associated with declining physical functioning, with some studies showing a disproportionate impact on functioning when mental health conditions are present. More research is needed because most multimorbidity studies exclude mental health conditions.

Objectives
This study aims to improve our understanding of the association between functional limitation and multimorbidity, including a comparison of those with multimorbidity that includes versus excludes mental health conditions.

Methods
This is a population-based, cross-sectional analysis of data from The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Functional limitation was defined as the presence of any of 14 activities of daily living (ADLs) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Multimorbidity, measured by the number of chronic conditions, included mood and anxiety disorders. Logistic regression explored the association between multimorbidity (with and without mental health conditions) and functional limitation. Factor analysis identified common condition clusters to help understand clinical complexity in those with mood/anxiety disorders and the potential influences on functional limitation.

Results
There were 51,338 participants, with a similar proportion of men and women (49% versus 51%) and 42% age 65 years or older. Fifteen percent (15%) had no chronic conditions and 17% had 5+. Ten percent (10%) reported at least one ADL or IADL limitation. Odds ratios (ORs) for functional limitation increased with multimorbidity and were generally higher for those with versus without mental health conditions (e.g., ORs from 1 to 5+ chronic conditions increased 1.9 to 15.8 for those with mood/anxiety disorders versus 1.8 to 10.2 for those without). Factor analysis showed that mood/anxiety conditions clustered with somatic conditions (e.g., migraines, bowel/gastrointestinal disorders).

Conclusion
This study found higher odds of functional limitation for those with multimorbidity that included versus excluded mental health conditions, at all levels of multimorbidity. It highlights the need for concurrent management of mental and physical comorbidities to prevent functional limitations and future decline. This approach is aligned with the NICE clinical assessment and management guidelines for people with multimorbidity.