bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency physicians’ experience of stress during resuscitation and strategies for mitigating the effects of stress on performance
Authors: Groombridge Christopher James , Maini Amit , Ayton Darshini , Soh Sze-Ee , Walsham Nicola , Kim Yesul , Smit De Villiers , Fitzgerald Mark 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveThis study explored the perspectives and behaviours of emergency physicians (EPs), regularly involved in resuscitation, to identify the sources and effects of any stress experienced during a resuscitation as well as the strategies employed to deal with these stressors.MethodsThis was a two-centre sequential exploratory mixed-methods study of EPs consisting of a focus group, exploring the human factors related to resuscitation, and an anonymous survey. Between April and June 2020, the online survey was distributed to all EPs working at Australia’s largest two major trauma centres, both in Melbourne, and investigated sources of stress during resuscitation, impact of stress on performance, mitigation strategies used, impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress and stress management training received. Associations with gender and years of clinical practice were also examined.Results7 EPs took part in the focus group and 82 responses to the online survey were received (81% response rate). The most common sources of stress reported were resuscitation of an ‘unwell young paediatric patient’ (81%, 95% CI 70.6 to 87.6) or ‘unwell pregnant patient’ (71%, 95% CI 60.1 to 79.5) and ‘conflict with a team member’ (71%, 95% CI 60.1 to 79.5). The most frequently reported strategies to mitigate stress were ‘verbalising a plan to the team’ (84%, 95% CI 74.7 to 90.5), ‘implementing a standardised/structured approach’ (73%, 95% CI 62.7 to 81.6) and ‘asking for help’ (57%, 95% CI 46.5 to 67.5). 79% (95% CI 69.3 to 86.6) of EPs reported that they would like additional training on stress management. Junior EPs more frequently reported the use of ‘mental rehearsal’ to mitigate stress during a resuscitation (62% vs 22%; p<0.01) while female EPs reported ‘asking for help’ as a mitigator of stress more frequently than male EPs (79% vs 47%; p=0.01).ConclusionsStress is commonly experienced by EPs during resuscitation and can impact decision-making and procedural performance. This study identifies the most common sources of stress during a resuscitation as well as the strategies that EPs use to mitigate the effects of stress on their performance. These findings may contribute to the development of tailored stress management training for critical care clinicians.
BAP1-deficient meningioma presenting with trabecular architecture and cytokeratin expression: a report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Landry Alexander P , Wang Justin Z , Nassiri Farshad , Patil Vikas , Gao Andrew , Zadeh Gelareh 
Published: December 2021

AimsBRCA (BReast CAncer gene)-associated protein 1 (BAP1), encoded by theBAP1gene, a tumour suppressor that is lost in several cancers. Importantly, such mutations have been shown to be susceptible to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition in preclinical studies, offering hope for targeted therapy. While rare, BAP1 loss has been observed in a subset of rhabdoid and papillary meningioma and is associated with earlier recurrence. We seek to add to the literature on this rare disease and advocate for more routine BAP1 testing.MethodsWe present a report of two cases of BAP1-deficient meningioma and review the available literature on this rare entity.ResultsBoth cases present with a distinct trabecular architecture without rhabdoid or papillary features. Interestingly, both also presented with radiographic and histopathological findings unusual for meningioma. While immunohistochemistry and genetic sequencing confirmed BAP1 loss, DNA methylation analysis was required to confirm the final diagnosis.ConclusionsWe suggest that BAP1-deficient meningioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of extra-axial central nervous system (CNS) tumours with atypical imaging or histopathological features and that BAP1 loss may constitute a clinically important meningioma subtype with opportunities for targeted therapy.
Aspiration thrombectomy using a novel 088 catheter and specialized delivery catheter
Authors: Caldwell James , McGuinness Ben , Lee Shane S , Barber P Alan , Holden Andrew , Wu Teddy , Krauss Martin , Laing Andrew , Collecutt Wayne , Liebeskind David S , Hetts Steven W , Brew Stefan 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundWe describe the first-in-human experience using the Route 92 Medical Aspiration System to perform thrombectomy in the initial 45 consecutive stroke patients enrolled in the SUMMIT NZ trial. This aspiration system includes a specifically designed delivery catheter which enables delivery of 0.070 inch and 0.088 inch aspiration catheters.MethodsThe SUMMIT NZ trial is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study with core lab imaging adjudication. Patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke from large vessel occlusion are eligible to enrol. The study has had three phases which transitioned from use of the 0.070 inch to the 0.088 inch catheter.ResultsVessel occlusions were located in the internal carotid artery (27%), M1 (60%) and M2 (13%). Median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 16 (IQR 10). Across the three phases, the first-pass reperfusion rate of modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) ≥2b was 62% using the Route 92 Medical system; this rate was 29% in phase 1, 56% in phase 2, and 80% in phase 3. The first-pass reperfusion rate of mTICI ≥2c was 42% overall, 29% in phase 1, 33% in phase 2, and 55% in phase 3. A final reperfusion rate of mTICI ≥2b was achieved in 96% of cases, with 36% of cases using adjunctive devices. Patients had an average improvement of 6.7 points in NIHSS from baseline at 24 hours, and at 90 days 48% were functionally independent (modified Rankin Scale 0–2).ConclusionsIn this early experience, the Route 92 Medical Aspiration System has been effective and safe. The system has design features that improve catheter deliverability and have the potential to increase first-pass reperfusion rates in aspiration thrombectomy.
The Carboniferous timescale: an introduction
Authors: Lucas Spencer G. , Schneider Joerg W. , Nikolaeva Svetlana , Wang Xiangdong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Carboniferous chronostratigraphic scale consists of two subsystems, six series and seven stages. Precise numerical age control within the Carboniferous is uneven, and a global magnetic polarity timescale for the Carboniferous is far from established. Isotope stratigraphy based on Sr, C and O isotopes is at an early stage but has already identified a few Sr and C isotope events of use to global correlation. Cyclostratigraphy has created a workable astrochronology for part of Pennsylvanian time that needs better calibration. Chronostratigraphic definitions of most of the seven Carboniferous stages remain unfinished. Future research on the Carboniferous timescale should focus on Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) selection for the remaining, undefined stage bases, definition and characterization of substages, and further development and integration of the Carboniferous chronostratigraphic scale with radioisotopic, magnetostratigraphic, chemostratigraphic and cyclostratigraphic tools for calibration and correlation, and the cross-correlation of non-marine and marine chronologies.
Resistance Profile and Structural Modeling of Next-Generation ROS1 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Keddy Clare , Shinde Pushkar , Jones Kristen , Kaech Stefanie , Somwar Romel , Shinde Ujwal , Davare Monika A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
ROS1 fusion proteins resulting from chromosomal rearrangements of the ROS1 gene are targetable oncogenic drivers in diverse cancers. Acquired resistance to targeted inhibitors curtails clinical benefit and response durability. Entrectinib, a NTRK/ROS1/ALK targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), was approved for the treatment of ROS1 fusion-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2019. In addition, lorlatinib and repotrectinib are actively being explored in the setting of treatment-naïve or crizotinib-resistant ROS1 fusion driven NSCLC. Here, we employed an unbiased forward mutagenesis screen in Ba/F3 CD74-ROS1 and EZR-ROS1 cells to identify resistance liabilities to entrectinib, lorlatinib, and repotrectinib. ROS1F2004C emerged as a recurrent entrectinib resistant mutation and ROS1G2032R was discovered in entrectinib and lorlatinib-resistant clones. Cell-based and modeling data show that entrectinib is a dual type I/II mode inhibitor, and thus liable to both types of resistant mutations. Comprehensive profiling of all clinically relevant kinase domain mutations showed that ROS1L2086F is broadly resistant to all type I inhibitors, but remains sensitive to type II inhibitors. ROS1F2004C/I/V are resistant to type I inhibitors, entrectinib and crizotinib, and type II inhibitor, cabozantinib, but retain sensitivity to the type I macrocyclic inhibitors. Development of new, more selective type II ROS1 inhibitor(s) or potentially cycling type I and type II inhibitors may be one way to expand durability of ROS1-targeted agents.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЕПІДЕМІЧНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ COVID-19 ПІД ЧАС ДРУГОЇ ХВИЛІ ПІДЙОМУ ЗАХВОРЮВАНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Задорожна В. І. , Сергеєва Т. А. 
Published: December 2021

Мета – встановлення особливостей епідемічного процесу COVID-19 в Україні в період другої хвилі підйому її захворюваності.
Матеріали і методи. Проведено порівняльний аналіз епідемічного процесу COVID-19 в Україні на початку 2021 р. та під час нового підйому захворюваності (другої хвилі) за матеріалами офіційної звітності.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Перша хвиля епідемічного процесу COVID-19 в Україні тривала до кінця перших 2 тижнів 2021 р. Починаючи з 7-го тижня року, можна констатувати підйом захворюваності 2-ї хвилі з максимумом на 13-14-у тижні (тижневі показники захворюваності становили 271,7-276,3 на 100 тис. населення); із 15-го тижня (через 1 тиждень після введення з 5 квітня 2021 р. локдауну в більшості регіонів України) почалося її зниження; із 21-го тижня 2021 р. можна говорити про припинення другої хвилі підйому захворюваності. Захворюваність на COVID-19 достовірно корелювала у часі із загальною захворюваністю на ГРВІ (r=0,88±0,05), і можна опосередковано говорити про гіподіагностику COVID-19. Мінімальні щотижневі показники смертності від COVID-19 спостерігалися на 6-7-му та 22-му тижнях року (2,0 на 100 тис. населення), максимальні – на 14-15-му тижнях (7,1 на 100 тис. населення). Сумарна летальність протягом 01.01-06.06.2021 р. зросла з 1,8 до 2,3 %, а щотижнева летальність протягом 17-22-го тижнів стабільно перевищувала 4,0 % та мала тенденцію до зростання. Серед пацієнтів вікових груп 60-69 років та 70 років і старше наприкінці другої хвилі сумарна летальність перевищувала значення середнього показника серед загальної кількості пацієнтів (2,33 %) відповідно в 1,6 та 4,8 разу. Частка пацієнтів, в яких методом ПЛР підтверджено діагноз COVID-19, коливалася від 4,8 до 33,4 % з найменшими рівнями, починаючи з 18-го тижня, на тлі значного зниження захворюваності другої хвилі.
Висновки. Можна говорити про прискорення передачі SARS-CoV-2 під час другого підйому захворюваності на COVID-19 в Україні порівняно з першою хвилею. За результатами епідеміологічного аналізу офіційних статистичних даних, за період нової епідемічної хвилі (7-20-й тижні) не відбулося значних змін особливостей епідемічного процесу цієї інфекції, за винятком його різкої інтенсифікації, що призвело до перевантаження системи охорони здоров’я, зростання летальності (головним чином за рахунок пацієнтів віком від 60 років, на яких припадало 81,72 % летальних випадків при їх частці серед захворілих 29,15 %). Показники сумарної летальності підвищувалися через 2-3 тиж після зростання співвідношення кількості захворілих до кількості госпіталізованих до рівня 2,7 та вище. Дані офіційної статистики щодо захворюваності на COVID-19 занижені. За епідеміологічними ознаками підтвердження збільшення вірулентності SARS-CoV-2 не виявлено.
ОПИС КЛІНІЧНОГО ВИПАДКУ ЛАЙМ-КАРДИТУ
Authors: Ярема Н. І. , Миндзів К. В. , Коцюба О. І. , Попович Д. В. 
Published: December 2021

Мета роботи – на прикладі клінічного випадку Лайм-кардиту продемонструвати особливості діагностичного процесу з визначенням факторів ризику, клінічних і ЕКГ-змін, важливість своєчасної верифікації діагнозу і проведення етіотропної терапії. У пацієнта виявлені складні порушення ритму та провідності: AV-блокада І ст., транзиторні AV-блокада ІІ (Мобітц 2) та ІІІ ступенів, політопна екстрасистолія. Дані лабораторних обстежень пацієнта свідчили про підвищення маркерів запалення (підвищення рівнів СРП, тропоніну та ШОЕ). Для оцінки ймовірності бореліозної етіології міокардиту проведене анкетування за шкалою SILC (Suspicious Index in Lyme Carditis) – 8 балів, що вказує на високий ризик Лайм-кардиту, серологічне обстеження. Блот-аналіз підтвердив наявність антитіл IgG до Borrelia burgdorferi. Завдяки своєчасній діагностиці, в тому числі серологічній, Лайм-кардиту і призначеному відповідному етіотропному антибактеріальному лікуванню доксицикліном впродовж 21 дня, у хворого було досягнуто як суттєвого клінічного покращення, так і позитивної ЕКГ-динаміки з покращенням AV-провідності.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GUINEA PIGS BRONCHUS ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE DYNAMICS OF EXPERIMENTAL OVALBUMIN-INDUCED ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION
Authors: Popko S. S. 
Published: December 2021

The actual problem of modern medicine is the reaction of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue in airways chronic allergic diseases, because the full functioning of the respiratory system depends on the state of its local immune system.
The aim – to study morphological changes in Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the dynamics of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation.
Material and Methods. We have studied the lung of 48 guinea pigs, using histological and morphometric methods, under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. To assess the structural and functional rearrangement of pulmonary lymphoid nodules, their diameter and number were determined.
Results. We have shown that sensitization and allergization with ovalbumin leads to a significant structural and functional rearrangement of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the form of the elevation in their number and diameter. We found more pronounced morphological changes in the late period of development of allergic inflammation in peribronchial lymphoid nodules, confirmed by the maximum magnification factor – 2.6 (p*/**<0.001) of the diameter of peribronchial lymphoid nodules in the 4th experimental group compared to the control.
Conclusions. Sensitization and inhalation with ovalbumin leads to structural reorganization of Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of guinea pigs in the form of the elevation in their number and diameter, had the unidirectional staged character depending on localization of lymphoid nodules and the duration of the experiment and claimed proliferative changes in the cellular adaptive link of local lung immunity of guinea pigs in late period of allergic inflammatory process.
Contemporary Clinical and Coronary Anatomic Risk Model for 30-Day Mortality After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Doll Jacob A. , O’Donnell Colin I. , Plomondon Meg E. , Waldo Stephen W. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures are increasing in clinical and anatomic complexity, likely increasing the calculated risk of mortality. There is need for a real-time risk prediction tool that includes clinical and coronary anatomic information that is integrated into the electronic medical record system.

Methods:
We assessed 70 503 PCIs performed in 73 Veterans Affairs hospitals from 2008 to 2019. We used regression and machine-learning strategies to develop a prediction model for 30-day mortality following PCI. We assessed model performance with and without inclusion of the Veterans Affairs SYNTAX score (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery), an assessment of anatomic complexity. Finally, the discriminatory ability of the Veterans Affairs model was compared with the CathPCI mortality model.

Results:

The overall 30-day morality rate was 1.7%. The final model included 14 variables. Presentation status (salvage, emergent, urgent), ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, age, congestive heart failure, prior valve disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease, atrial fibrillation, elevated international normalized ratio, and the Veterans Affairs SYNTAX score were all associated with increased risk of death, while increasing body mass index, hemoglobin level, and prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery were associated with lower risk of death. C-index for the development cohort was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.92–0.94) and for the 2019 validation cohort and the site validation cohort was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83–0.92) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio of predicting a mortality event in the top decile was 2.87% more accurate than the CathPCI mortality model. Inclusion of anatomic information in the model resulted in significant improvement in model performance (likelihood ratio test
P
<0.01).

Conclusions:
This contemporary risk model accurately predicts 30-day post-PCI mortality using a combination of clinical and anatomic variables. This can be immediately implemented into clinical practice to promote personalized informed consent discussions and appropriate preparation for high-risk PCI cases.
Sense-Perception, Reasoning and Forms in Plotinus
Authors: Emilsson Eyjólfur K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses the role of innate concepts derived from Intellect in Plotinus’ account of cognition of the sensible realm. Several passages have been claimed as evidence for such innateness, but an analysis of them shows that they do not support this claim. It is tentatively suggested that, nevertheless, some very general concepts such as difference, sameness and being are integral to the faculty of sense and play a crucial role in concept formation. It is further argued that reasoning about the sensible realm takes place to a large extent without the involvement of the higher realms of Plotinus’ hierarchy of being. Clearly, however, for value concepts such as those of goodness, justice and beauty human beings are dependent upon an illumination from Intellect.
The Spirit in the Pastoral Epistles
Authors: Archer Kenneth J. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The pneumatology of the Pastoral Epistles (PE) appears at first glance to be rather limited. The term pneuma occurs only seven times in the PE. In this essay, I will address the seven references in canonical order and then summarize the pneumatology of the PE. The PE reinforce the traditional systematic theological perspective of the role of the Spirit as active in revelation and the salvation process and as empowering persons for service. The Holy Spirit is the main person of the Trinity actively working in eschatological salvation for all by bringing forth the fruit of holiness and working powerfully through the sufferings of gifted persons.
The Spirit in Hebrews
Authors: Long Westfall Cynthia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There are surprisingly few references to the Holy Spirit in the letter to the Hebrews, though there are more than some may recognize. The author of Hebrews believes that the recipients of his letter/sermon should be fully grounded in their communal life in the Spirit, but he is most interested in how the Holy Spirit is exhorting and guiding the community to further truth during their critical time of need. Therefore, it is the content of what the Spirit is communicating that is his focus, and that content contains some of the most profound statements in the letter/sermon. There are possibly seven references to the Holy Spirit in the letter to the Hebrews. Two of them are consistent with the early Christian traditions about the work of the Spirit: three of them concern the Holy Spirit’s confrontation and communication to the readers through Scripture, and two are disputed as references to the Holy Spirit, although, if they apply, they may reflect a perception of the divinity of the Spirit. The importance of the contexts in which the author mentions the Holy Spirit indicates a role for the Holy Spirit in the sermon/letter that extends beyond the texts in which the Spirit is directly referenced.
Three Filmmaking Practices That Guide Our Attention to Popular Cinema
Authors: Cutting James E. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Popular movies are constructed to control our attention and guide our eye movements across the screen. Estimates of fixation locations were made by manually moving a cursor and clicking over frames at the beginnings and ends of more than 30,000 shots in 24 English-language movies. Results provide evidence for three general filmmaking practices in screen composition. The first and overriding practice is that filmmakers generally put the most import content ‒ usually the center of a character’s face ‒ slightly above the center of the screen. The second concerns two-person conversations, which account for about half of popular movie content. Dialogue shots alternate views of the speakers involved, and filmmakers generally place the conversants slightly to opposite sides of the midline. The third concerns all other shots. For those, filmmakers generally follow important content in one shot by similar content in the next shot on the same side of the vertical midline. The horizontal aspect of the first practice seems to follow from the nature of our field of view and vertical aspect from the relationship of heads to bodies depicted. The second practice derives from social norms and an image composition norm called nose room, and the third from the consideration of continuity and the speed of re-engaging attention.
Strategies Against the covid-19 Pandemic and the Crisis of Hegemony
Authors: Balsa Javier 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article tries to explain why, if those countries that applied an elimination strategy in respect of the covid-19 pandemic experienced fewer deaths and relatively fewer negative impacts on their economies, the ruling bourgeoisie of other countries did not promote similar measures. Additionally, it attempts to explain why people have not widely demanded that policies be implemented to eliminate the circulation of the virus. The article suggests that, in order to better understand these behaviours, it is necessary to frame them in the context of the profound crisis of hegemony in which most of Europe and America was already plunged before the arrival of the covid-19 virus.
Political Potency and the Impotency of European Sovereignism: Pandemic and Technocracy
Authors: Cantaro Antonio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The covid-19 pandemic and the parallel economic and social crisis mark both a decline of neoliberal globalisation and a return of public intervention. As many have stated, the economic policy triptych of the past decades – the opening of markets, withdrawal of the state and privatisation – has substantially disappeared from the agendas of governments around the world. The ‘political’, in a sense, is back. But in what sense? Can we talk about a real paradigm shift? The return of the political that we are witnessing manifests itself in the permanence and persistence of the neoliberal anthropology of the masses, which is the legacy of globalism, of the Maastricht order and of its idea of civilisation (even more than its political economy dogmas).