bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photothermal Self‐Healing Black g‐C3N4 Nanosheet‐Based Coatings: A Novel Approach for Enhanced Anticorrosion and Antibiofouling Protection
Authors: Zhang Shunhong , Tang Yuanhao , Wang Xinyu , Shen Yu , Zhou Tao , Lu Changyu , Guo Feng , Shi Weilong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMultifunctional coatings have great application value in the protection of Marine equipment, ships and ship facilities, but they still suffer from the disadvantages of high preparation cost and complicated synthesis methods. Herein, employing a simple method to synthesize black carbon nitride (BCN), as the filler in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to construct BCN/PDMS composite coating with a multifunctional anti‐corrosion/antifouling coating capable of photothermal self‐healing property. Experimental results exhibit that the BCN/PDMS coating can still possesses excellent corrosion resistance after 28 d of immersion in the simulated seawater, and the impedance modulus still manages to reach 6.991 × 107 Ω cm2, and the scratches on the coating can be healed within 90 min in the photo‐thermal self‐repairing experiments as well. In addition, the BCN/PDMS coating also presents favorable resistance to anti‐biofouling in the anti‐algae test, with only a small amount of algae adhering to the surface. This work explores the application and technological innovation of g‐C3N4‐based materials in multifunctional coatings and provides new ideas and methods.
Confidential Computing Across Edge‐To‐Cloud for Machine Learning: A Survey Study
Authors: Zobaed Sm , Amini Salehi Mohsen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundConfidential computing has gained prominence due to the escalating volume of data‐driven applications (e.g., machine learning and big data) and the acute desire for secure processing of sensitive data, particularly across distributed environments, such as the edge‐to‐cloud continuum.ObjectiveProvided that the works accomplished in this emerging area are scattered across various research fields, this paper aims at surveying the fundamental concepts and cutting‐edge software and hardware solutions developed for confidential computing using trusted execution environments, homomorphic encryption, and secure enclaves.MethodsWe underscore the significance of building trust at both the hardware and software levels and delve into their applications, particularly for regular and advanced machine learning (ML) (e.g., large language models (LLMs), computer vision) applications.ResultsWhile substantial progress has been made, there are some barely‐explored areas that need extra attention from the researchers and practitioners in the community to improve confidentiality aspects, develop more robust attestation mechanisms, and address vulnerabilities of the existing trusted execution environments.ConclusionProviding a comprehensive taxonomy of the confidential computing landscape, this survey enables researchers to advance this field to ultimately ensure the secure processing of users' sensitive data across a multitude of applications and computing tiers.
Ectopic insulinoma in a bitch (Canis familiaris)
Authors: Moreira Michelle Wild Grossi Jannuzzi , Maués Tábata , dos Santos Brenda Kelly Wanderley , Consalter Angélica , Degani Viviane Alexandre Nunes 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEctopic insulinoma is a rare neoplasm derived from ectopic tissue of pancreatic beta cell islets. The definitive diagnosis is given by histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis. This study reports the case of a 9‐year‐old dog with a history of persistent hypoglycaemia, hyperinsulinism and seizures, which after undergoing imaging examination and exploratory celiotomy was diagnosed with stage III ectopic insulinoma. During surgery, no alterations were observed in the pancreas. Nevertheless, there was a nodule in topography of the left hepatic lymph node, next to the portal vein, without adhesions or communication with the pancreas. The animal had hepatic lesions in the liver. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of ectopic insulinoma and hepatic metastases. The anti‐insulin antibody was positive on immunohistochemistry. The dog underwent palliative treatment with corticosteroid and toceranib phosphate, showing a positive response to treatment, maintaining quality of life and few adverse effects. Its survival time was 200 days since diagnosis.
Sport and Human Rights Future Perspectives and Medico‐Legal Implications
Authors: De Paola Lina , Marinelli Enrico , Napoletano Gabriele , Maiese Aniello , Zaami Simona 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn recent years have seen increasing discussion about sport as a human right. The right to sport has long been recognized as fundamental by the international community, but following the COVID‐19 pandemic, this discussion has become increasingly central to global policies. The public health benefits of physical activity are well‐known and extensively documented, and many European states are discussing legislation to promote physical activity, recognizing it as a human right. The medico‐legal implications of this recognition can be manifold, and future perspectives should be thoroughly analyzed. Using the keywords “physical activity AND human rights AND sport”, this study aims to provide an overview of the topic, with a focus on the medico‐legal implications of recognizing sporting activity as a human right and as a primary need for collective health, with greater attention to the situation in Italy.
Sinovenous Thrombosis
Authors: de Vries Linda S. , Steggerda Sylke J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) is not a common problem, but looking at CSVT occurring during childhood, it is most often seen during the neonatal period. Dehydration; infections, especially meningitis; and surgery for congenital heart defects are well-known risk factors. With better color Doppler ultrasound and increased use of MRI, the diagnosis is more often made. Anticoagulation therapy can be used and reduces the risk of propagation of the thrombus. Prognosis depends on associated parenchymal involvement.
Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Post-Hemorrhagic Ventricular Dilatation
Authors: Leijser Lara M. , de Vries Linda S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGerminal-intraventricular hemorrhage is still a common complication in infants who are born prematurely. The onset of the hemorrhage is in the germinal matrix, a brain structure that contains a dense network of immature vessels. The immature vessels are susceptible to fluctuations in blood flow, which can occur in preterm infants due to the lack of cerebral autoregulation. A distinction is made between low-grade hemorrhage and severe hemorrhage. Severe hemorrhages are more likely to have a complicated course, including post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation and risk for severe long-term developmental deficits. The risk of unilateral spastic cerebral palsy is especially high when a hemorrhage goes along with a parenchymal hemorrhagic infarction. However, the occurrence and severity of cerebral palsy depend on the location and extent of the parenchymal hemorrhagic infarction.Both ultrasound and MRI can detect germinal-intraventricular hemorrhage, although MRI is better at detecting small hemorrhages in the temporal and occipital germinal matrix and associated (subtle) white matter injury. Timely detection of germinal-intraventricular hemorrhage and particularly possible complications allows for timely intervention, important for the prevention of (severe) long-term disabilities.
Improving the Effectiveness of Non-Judicial Mechanisms Under the OECD National Contact Points: Issues of Legitimacy and Accessibility
Authors: Íñigo Álvarez Laura 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe effectiveness of non-judicial remedies for business-related human rights abuses can be measured based on the criteria established under UN Guiding Principle 31 which requires them to be legitimate, accessible, predictable, equitable, transparent, rights-compatible and a source of continuous learning. In this regard, current research has focused on understanding whether the OECD National Contact Points could be seen as effective non-judicial mechanism for victims of corporate abuse. Against this background, this chapter aims to assess the requirements of legitimacy and accessibility as key entry-level points to the system of NCPs. Moreover, particular attention will be given to the case of Southern European NCPs such as those in Spain and Portugal.
What is an Inclusive City?
Authors: Bailey Ajay , Otsuki Kei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCities around the world are constantly exposed to a wide range of impacts and shocks, including pandemics, adverse climate events, political crises, civil unrest, and deepening social and economic inequalities that lead to precarious living conditions. Vulnerable groups of people at the urban margins are particularly affected by the unequal distribution of available resources and a lack of access to basic services. This book, with a particular focus on various forms of intersectionality—hence, intersectionalities—presents a range of examples showcasing imaginaries of sustainable urban development across cities in the Global South and North.
Women’s Everyday Struggles for Greater Inclusion in Pre-war Khartoum’s Urban Landscape
Authors: Steel Griet , McGranahan Gordon , Osman Khadiga M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis chapter explores women’s everyday struggles for greater inclusion in Khartoum by drawing on empirical case studies with single women, female street vendors, and female smartphone users that were conducted in pre-war Sudan, when President Omar al-Bashir was still in power. By focusing on the day-to-day struggles of these women (who are diverse in terms of age, race, class, and geographical background), the chapter illustrates the creative ways in which women continuously negotiated their access to public space, decent work, and housing in an urban context in which they have been structurally excluded from these assets. By doing so, the chapter contributes to broader discussions on how to create more inclusive urban environments for women from different socio-economic backgrounds.
Tourism Development Strategies and Creative Industries: The Case of Creative, Thematic, and Tourism Kampungs
Authors: Madureira Ana Mafalda , Duarte Ana M. Bustamante , Pfeffer Karin , Fahmi Fikri Zul , Nurman Ari , Aritenang Adiwan F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn Indonesia, creative industries (CIs) have been strongly promoted through policies that strengthen national, regional, and local economic development. Bandung City has been one of the core cities carrying such an approach. It has a large presence of CIs, many of which are located in traditional neighborhoods—kampungs. These CIs represent an important cultural, social, and source of livelihood for much of the population residing in these kampungs. This chapter discusses three ways of how kampung communities engaged creativity and CIs as drivers for tourism development and economic promotion. The cases range from grassroots movements leading these initiatives to combined government- and community-led strategies. We investigate the case of Dago Pojok, a community-led “creative kampung” that emerged as an act of resistance against the exclusionary local government’s urban development actions. Second, Binongjati is a historical local industrial center with a large professional community-led CIs association aiming to convert the area into a “tourism kampung.” Thirdly, Cigadung, where traditional batik industries are clustered, is promoted as a “thematic creative kampung” by municipality-led strategies in close collaboration with strong local CIs actors. Interviews with kampung leaders inform the chapter. It explores similarities and differences in strategies followed by these three cases and investigates the involvement of the local community, associations/organizations, and the municipality to promote these kampungs as tourist creativity-based attractions. Finally, it reflects how community-led, community-driven, or community-informed tourism strategies are linked with local urban governance arrangements supporting these communities’ inclusion in the city’s wider identity-shaping discourses.
Smart Urbanization in India: Engagement, Participation, and Citizenship in Pune Smart City
Authors: Ravi Chaitanya , Pathak Prasad , Gandhi Poonam 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe chapter examines the particular type of urbanization favored by the smart city paradigm; India’s Smart Cities Mission; and the top-down, elite-centered, citizen engagement it has created in Pune city. The chapter begins by summarizing the smart city development approach’s focus on capacity-building, mobility, and smart governance. It then looks at India’s flagship Smart Cities Mission and its attempts to engage citizens through extensive deployment of ICT tools. Such attempts have met with very limited success owing to the top-down nature of decision-making by policymakers, digital divide in terms of gadget ownership, and online portal designs primarily geared towards information dissemination rather than active citizen engagement in the planning process. The chapter focuses in particular on the city of Pune and uses data gathered from a survey of 310 respondents from 2020 to 2021 to highlight the limitations of top-down communication strategy that is unable to equalize caste, class, gender, and digital access-related differences. The result is a citizen engagement process that fails to engage a variety of stakeholders, confers disproportionate influence on elite English-speaking, caste-class privileged, tech-savvy citizens with better access and ability to navigate ICT tools. Thus, the planning process for smart city development in Pune highlights the preference of administrators to rely on ICT tools for citizen engagement due to their ease of deployment but such convenience-based thinking selects for elite citizens and blocks out the voices of the poor and marginalized, thus resulting in a narrow technocratic governance over a more democratic collaborative governance.
Entwicklung der Nasennebenhöhlenchirurgie in Österreich und der Schweiz: Vergangenheit – Gegenwart – Zukunft
Authors: Vyskocil Erich , Wolf Axel , Hinder Dominik 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungUnseren Vorgängern und dem technischen Fortschritt ist es zu verdanken, dass wir heute unseren Patienten eine sichere und moderne Nasennebenhöhlen(NNH)-Chirurgie anbieten können. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über die geschichtliche Entwicklung der NNH-Chirurgie in Österreich und der Schweiz und über den dynamischen Fortschritt dieser Disziplin im internationalen Kontext. Während die Indikation ursprünglich auf die Therapie von entzündlichen Erkrankungen begrenzt war, sind heute endoskopische Eingriffe im Bereich der vorderen Schädelbasis, der Orbita und auch von sinunasalen Tumorerkrankungen möglich, was zu einer geringeren Morbidität geführt hat. Das Konzept der funktionellen endoskopischen NNH-Chirurgie (FESS) mag einfach erscheinen, aber die Variabilität der Anatomie der NNH und das breite Spektrum der Krankheiten stellen eine Herausforderung dar. Daher sollte die NNH-Chirurgie keine Gelegenheitsoperation sein und nur von gut ausgebildeten Chirurgen durchgeführt werden, um Krankheitsrezidiven und ökonomischen Folgekosten vorzubeugen. Ein standardisiertes chirurgisches Training für angehende NNH- und Schädelbasischirurgen ist von entscheidender Bedeutung. Die präoperative Planung mittels systematischer Analyse der Computertomographie(CT)-Aufnahmen ist ein wesentlicher Faktor, um optimale Ergebnisse zu erzielen und intraoperative Komplikationen zu vermeiden. Das pathophysiologische Verständnis von sinunasalen Erkrankung und neue medikamentöse Therapien wie monoklonale Antikörper ermöglichen auch jener kleinen Subgruppe von Patienten, die von einer Kombination aus operativer Sanierung in Kombination mit medikamentöser Langzeittherapie nicht profitieren, exzellente Ergebnisse. Die dynamische Entwicklung der endoskopischen NNH-Chirurgie in den letzten Jahrzehnten zeigt das Potenzial dieses Bereichs für die kommenden Dekaden.
Overexpression of miR17 ~ 92 in Myeloid Cells in Mice Increased Bone Mass Through Reduced Bone Resorption and Increased Bone Formation in Sex-Dependent Manner
Authors: Sheng Matilda H.-C. , Stiffel Virginia M. , Taipia Jordan , Rundle Charles H. , Lau Kin-Hing William 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study assessed the feasibility of miR17 ~ 92-based antiresorptive strategy by determining the effects of conditional transgenic (cTG) overexpression of miR17 ~ 92 in myeloid cells on bone and osteoclasts. Osteoclasts of male and female cTG mutant mice each showed 3- to fivefold overexpression of miR17 ~ 92 cluster genes compared to those of age- and sex-matched wildtype (WT) littermates. Male but not female cTG mutant mice had more trabecular and cortical bones as well as lower bone resorption reflected by reduction in osteoclast number and resorbing surface. Osteoclasts of male but not female cTG mutants showed decreased bone resorption activity. Consistent with suppression of osteoclast maturation, osteoclasts of male cTG mutants were smaller, contained less nuclei, showed reduced levels of mRNA of genes associated with osteoclast differentiation and fusion, and formed more diffused actin ring. Osteoclastic overexpression of miR17 ~ 92 also increased bone formation, but the increase was much larger in males than in females. The increase in male mutants was due to higher mineral apposition rate, and conversely, it was caused by increasing bone-forming surface in female mutants. In summary, osteoclastic overexpression of miR17 ~ 92 increased bone mass through reduction in bone resorption along with coupled increase in bone formation in male-specific manner. Although the osteoclastic overexpression of miR17 ~ 92-induced suppression of bone resorption and increases in bone formation support the feasibility of miR17 ~ 92-based antiresorptive strategies, the male-specific sexual disparity in skeletal responses to osteoclastic overexpression of miR17 ~ 92 could limit its clinical utility as it may not be used in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Ureteral access sheath or percutaneous nephrostomy during flexible ureteroscopy: which is better?
Authors: Alhefnawy Mohamed Abdelrahman , Abdelrahman Moaz Fathy Ismail , Abo-Elnasr Hosam Abdel-fattah , Eldib Helmy Ahmed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Studies in literature discussed the drawbacks of the ureteral access sheath use in flexible ureteroscopy and in the same time mentioned the benefits of ureteral access sheath in decreasing the incidence of urosepsis and better stone free rate. In the current study we aim to compare between percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PCN) insertion before flexible ureteroscopy and conventional ureteral access sheath (UAS) flexible ureteroscopy in terms of safety, efficacy and perioperative outcomes. In all, 100 Patients aged 20 to 67 years with upper ureteric stones and mild hydronephrosis or renal pelvic stones less than 20 mm with mild hydronephrosis were randomized into 2 groups; patients undergoing PCN insertion before flexible ureteroscopy, and patients undergoing the conventional UAS flexible ureteroscopy. Patients with active urinary tract infection, patients with urinary diversions or malformations and patients with uncontrolled coagulable status were excluded from the study. Perioperative data were recorded. This study was conducted on 50 PCN group and 50 UAS group. Age varied from 20.0 to 67.0 years. Males consisted more than half of study groups, 52% of PCN group and 66% of UAS group. Weak significant difference was found in need for ureteral pre-operative stenting between groups (8% with PCN vs. 22% with UAS, p 0.04995). There was no significant difference between two groups in intra-operative complications (mucosal injury, failed operation, perforation, false passage and conversion to other procedure), but there was significant difference in bleeding between the groups (6% with PCN vs. 22% with UAS, p = 0.021). There was no significant difference between two groups in post-operative complications (infection, fever, pain, hematuria, other complications, stone free rate, readmission and stent duration), but there was significant decrease in operative time (48.85 ± 13.861 in PCN group versus 56.82 ± 14.61 in UAS group, p = 0.0003). We conclude that PCN insertion before flexible ureteroscopy provides a safe technique with comparable outcomes to UAS use.
Current approaches to the surgical management of Crohn’s disease in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Zheng Sophie , Edmundson Aleksandra , Clark David A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
Given the evolving literature regarding the optimal surgical approach to mitigate post-operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease (CD), this survey study aimed to elucidate the practices and preferences of colorectal surgeons in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) in their surgical management of CD.

Methods
Colorectal surgical consultants and fellows (n = 337) registered with the Colorectal Surgical Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSSANZ) were invited by email in April 2022 to participate in a cross-sectional survey consisting of basic demographics and 12 questions relating to their usual surgical practice and preferred operative strategy.

Results
A total of 135 responses were received (39.9%). Regarding anastomotic configuration, 47% (n = 68) preferred the side-to-side anastomosis (STSA), 19% (n = 28) the end-to-end anastomosis (ETEA), and 15% (n = 21) the Kono S anastomosis. Most respondents preferred to resect at the proximal junction of the abnormal mesentery (75%, n = 97), while radical resection of the mesentery was preferred in 10% (n = 13) and close intestinal resection through abnormal mesentery in 15% (n = 20). The preferred surgical approach was by far laparoscopic (93%, n = 125) with extraction from the midline peri-umbilical port (80%, n = 108).

Conclusion
Amongst participating colorectal surgeons, there was a clear consensus on the approach, where the dominant practice was laparoscopy with a midline peri-umbilical extraction. Similarly, most respondents preferred some degree of mesenteric resection. However, anastomotic configuration and technique were domains of resection in CD lacking unanimity despite clear guidelines, highlighting an area requiring further attention.