bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indonesian economic strength from food security of sustainable agricultural and fishery sectors
Authors: Siskha T , Syahrin A , Suhaidi  , Ekaputra M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The concept of sustainable development comes from the environmental sectors. It covered by sustainable development include the agricultural and fishery sector. The sustainable fishery is a collection of activities that provide long-term production sustainability, maintain the balance of ecosystems through generations, and preserve biological, social, and economic systems. However, irresponsible fishing activities such as illegal fishing greatly disrupt the development of sustainable fishery. Besides that, Indonesia has vast amount of potential agricultural land, specifically 100.7 million hectares consisting of 24.5 million hectares suitable for wetlands (rice fields). Having a tropical climate, it is possible to conduct agricultural activities throughout the year. This study aims at analysing illegal fishing as threat to sustainable fishery development and observing land usage systems in integrated agricultural activities. This research utilizes a legal method with a normative juridical approach. Data was collected through a literature review and analysed qualitatively. The results suggest three elements in implementing sustainable agricultural and fishery development, namely economic, ecological, and social elements. Illegal fishing and sustainable agricultural development both affect the attainment of these elements. As a recommendation, implementing sustainable fisheries and agriculture management system which includes efforts to minimize illegal fishing and increase world food barns are very necessary.
Corporate governance in realizing sustainable plantation in Indonesia
Authors: Asnawi M I , Nasution B , Sirait N N , Sunarmi  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oil palm plantations have significant revenue for Indonesia where most of the palm plantation are State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principle in plantation business management is sought to create added value for stakeholders, especially for the environment. The problem discussed in this paper is how corporate governance achieves sustainable plantation. This is normative juridical research supported by a literature review. The results show that palm plantation management cannot be separated from the situation and responsibility to the environment. The application of GCG principles as a guideline in management of SOE plantation has been regulated to create a sustainable business. Furthermore, in balancing the influence of business, the social and environmental responsibilities, there is a management regulation concerning its roles for the community which is known as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Ideally, plantation companies should not only reach the maximum profit in exploiting and marketing natural resources. They should also consider the best interests of society and the environmental impact of their business activities. In conclusion, Plantation SOEs must strive to minimize the impact on the environment. The internalization of GCG in environmentally oriented plantation SOEs creates sustainable plantation businesses.
Analysis of independent oil palm farming income after replanting in Muaro Jambi District
Authors: Ernawati H D , Saputra A , Alamsyah Z , Napitupulu D M T , Yanita M , Fauzia G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Palm oil is a plantation commodity that has high economic value and has the potential to be developed in Jambi Province. One of the districts in Jambi Province whose farmers cultivate oil palm is Muaro Jambi. This research was conducted to analyse independent oil palm farming income after replanting in Sungai Bahar Sub-District, Muaro Jambi District. This study shows that there are still many farmers in the study area who only cultivate oil palm as their main source of income (43.3%). Farmers own 2 lands, i.e., replanted land is the land that has been replanted by farmers or land when they partnered with an oil palm plantation company where replanting was carried out in 2011, 2012, and 2019. Whereas the non-replanting land that was purchased or opened by farmers independently and independently still at the age of productive oil palm plants. The income earned by farmers from the land that has been replanted is IDR. 22,229,912/year and from the land that has not been replanted is IDR. 15,840,852/year.
Impact of smallholder inclusivity to the sustainability of the marketing channel
Authors: Chalil D , Barus R , Alamsyah Z , Mawardati  , Sadalia I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Smallholders are a group of oil palm growers in Indonesia, having a share of more than 40% of the Indonesian oil palm plantation area. There are a number of weaknesses that limit their inclusivity in the industry, posing a risk to their sustainability. This study analyses this hypothesis through 3 different types of smallholders representing the highest to the lowest level of inclusivity, namely ex-plasma partner, independent partner, and independent non-partner. Data were collected from 217 smallholders, 8 village collectors, 4 RAM and 2 mills from the province of Riau, Jambi and South Sumatra. Higher selling prices, lower profit margins, and more efficient marketing channel are used to indicate business sustainability. Shepherd, Acharya and Aggarwal, and Composite Index agree that higher selling prices and lower profit margins improve the marketing channel efficiencies, while the Marketing Efficiency Index and Soekartawi marketing efficiency values agree that lower cost of production will do so. The results show that on average, plasma/ex-plasma smallholders present the highest selling price, lowest total profit margin, and high production costs. This is caused by fertilizer usage that follows the recommended amount, improving productivity. Therefore, it can be concluded that inclusivity could improve the sustainability of smallholder marketing channels.
The role and impact of oil palm plantations in landscape management in South Tapanuli District, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Chalil D , Barus R , Affandi O 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted in South Tapanuli District, which is one of the two oil palm centres implementing the landscape management project. Data collected from Regional Plan documents and 169 smallholder samples and analysed with Cross Tabulation and Compare Means Test. The results show that landscape management has been implemented through Regional Planning and various regulations. However, many institutions are authorized to manage landscape, which occasionally result in confusing and contradictory decisions. Through regulations, the Government has limited the expansion of oil palm plantations by specifying Forest and Food Regions. Intensification and diversification approaches are also considered as alternatives for balancing land allocations among sectors and commodities. Intensification is taught through the Sustainable Oil Palm Field School Program, which can improve smallholder knowledge and implementation of landscape management. However, smallholders with larger plantation areas are less interested in participating in the program. Diversifications were indicated through the smallholder cropping system, which is focused on potential commodities such as rubber, coffee or cacao. Smallholders perceive other commodities as less profitable because most of their agribusiness systems are less developed than the palm oil agribusiness system. Therefore, improvement in every potential agribusiness system is recommended to optimize landscape management in South Tapanuli.
Identification of internal and external factors in replanting oil palm
Authors: Fauzia G , Alamsyah Z , Yanita M , Napitupulu D , Ernawati H D , Elwamendri  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oil palm plantations have contributed great to national growth. It is noted that Indonesia has been the leading crude palm oil (CPO) producers since Year 2006 in the word. The sustainability of oil palm plantations is an important part of the sustainability of the national economy. The replanting oil palm program is one of the programs developed by the government this study was to identify internal and external factor in replanting oil palm. The method used is the Focus Group Discission (FGD) was attended by relevant agencies, stakeholders, literatures and previous research studies. This study showed that in the replanting oil palm, farmers will be faced with internal and external factors which are divided into strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.
History of land status, land use and land cover types of four private oil palm plantations in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sunkar A , Santosa Y 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oil palm plantations are still believed to be the principal reason of primary forests’ damages in Southeast Asia. To verify this accusation, a survey of four private oil palm plantations was carried out in West Kalimantan Province of Indonesia, to identify the history of land status, land cover types and land use prior to the conversion to these plantations. The research was conducted using overlay maps of Business Permit with Consensus-based Forest Land Use Planning/Provincial Spatial Plan maps and permits, interpretation of Landsat images of 3 years prior and 2 years after the establishment of the plantations. Interviews with various formal and informal community leaders were also conducted. Results indicated that the original land cover types of all of the research areas (100%) were not forest when the plantations were established. Most (59.50%), were formerly community lands, while 40.50% were concession areas belonging to other companies. These results corresponded with the Landsat imagery interpretations, which showed the land cover types 1 year before the conversion were mostly shrubs (59.62%), while the remaining were secondary swamp forest (18.35%), bare land (16.46%) and swamp shrubs (5.58%). This research confirmed that the four oil palm plantations, were not responsible for deforestation.
Implementation of criminal sanctions against plantation corporation for environmental pollution
Authors: Firdaus A , Suhaidi  , Sunarmi  , Leviza J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Environmental problems that occur are increasing every year, both water and air pollution. Not only human activities in the household but also due to industrial activities. One of them is in the plantation sector. Poor management of waste in the plantation industry causes environmental pollution. People who live around the plantation area are very disadvantaged. So, in this case, criminal law gives sanctions to the plantation industry corporation for deterrent effects. The problem in this study is criminal penalties against plantation companies do environmental pollution. The research method used in this study is normative juridical. This research is descriptive-analytical, which is expected to obtain a detailed and systematic description to answer the problem. The results of the study show that the sanctions given to the perpetrators of criminal acts of environmental pollution must be in the form of strict law enforcement. So that criminal law becomes the foremost law in expressing legal issues.
Effect of potassium application on morphophysiological two varieties of soybean under drought stress
Authors: Fahri R , Hanum H , Hasanah Y 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Domestic soybean production is getting weaker due to drought stress which affects all aspects of plant growth and metabolism, besides using adaptive plant varieties, increasing plant nutrition, especially potassium, also affects increasing plant tolerance to drought. The research aimed to examine the effect of potassium application on the morphophysiological of two varieties of soybean under drought stress. The research was conducted in a plastic house, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, using a randomized block design with three factors. The first factor was soil water content condition, which consisted of 80% and 40% field capacity. The second factor was variety, consisted of Grobogan and Dering-1. The third factor was the application of potassium, consisted of without potassium 100, 200, 300 kg KCL ha−1. Result showed that drought stress decreased potassium uptake, the relative water content (RWC) of leaf and plant height. Grobogan variety more adaptive to drought stress with the highest plant height (71.49 cm), K content (1.77%), K uptake (43.85 mg/plant), and leaf RWC (37.91%). Application of K at a dose of 200 kg ha−1was the most appropriate to encourage the growth of soybean plants under drought stress with the highest total K (1.76%) and leaf RWC (44.40 mg/plant).
Modification of wikau maombo flour from sweet cassava (Manihot utillisima) and bitter cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) with annealing method
Authors: Wahyuni S , Sarinah  , Khaeruni A , Dewi N D P , Asnani  , Tanaka I , Rahayu M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Modifying wikau maombo flour (WMF) by annealing method was carried out to see its effect on the physicochemical characteristics and proximate value of WMF from bitter and sweet cassava as raw materials. The results show that the selected samples (bitter cassava: sweet cassava) of annealing-modified WMF had the swelling power, water solubility index, and viscosity of 10.30 g/g: 15.92 g/g, 10.84%: 27.11%, and 26.63 cP: 34.44 cP, respectively. Proximate analysis of water, ash, fat, protein, crude fibre, and carbohydrate contents of annealing-modified wikau maombo flour show a significant effect on heating time and heating temperature with respective values (bitter cassava: sweet cassava) of 10.37%: 11.38, 1.57%: 1.75%, 1.32%: 1.70%, 1.56%: 1.87%, 4.08%: 4.27%, and 91.42%: 92.35%. Based on these results, the selected annealing modified wikau maombo flour from bitter cassava was the sample treated at 60°C heating and 16 hours of heating time. Meanwhile, the selected sample made from sweet cassava was the one treated at 50°C heating and 16 hours of heating time.
Characteristics of antibacterial activity stability of crude bacteriocin Pediococcus acidilactici BK01
Authors: Melia S , Juliyarsi I , Kurnia Y F , Pratama Y E , Pratama D R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One of the lactic acid bacteria that has the potential to produce crude bacteriocin is Pediococcus acidilactici BK01, which is the result of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Bekasam. Crude Bacteriocin Pediococcus acidilactici BK01 has a high-temperature resistance of 121°C, which is indicated by the antibacterial activity of E. coli O15: H7 and S.aureus ATCC25923 and has extensive pH stability against Escherechia coli O15: H7 and is sensitive to proteolytic enzymes. Crude Bacteriocin Pediococcus acidilactici BK01 still shows antibacterial activity during 30 days of storage at room, refrigerator, and freezer temperatures. So Crude Bacteriocin Pediococcus acidilactici BK01 can be recommended as a bio-preservative in processed food products involving the heating process.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of bread made from composite flour mocaf, flour and starch from orange sweet potato and breadfruit
Authors: Parinduri D H , Nurminah M , Julianti E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The high demand for wheat flour in Indonesia made us to continue to develop the use of flour made from local food ingredients. We studied bread from orange sweet potato flour and starch, breadfruit flour and starch, and mocaf. This study using a nonfactorial complete randomized design, bread made from breadfruit flour, mocaf, breadfruit starch, orange sweet potato starch, orange sweet potato flour, namely (P): 60: 20: 10: 10: 0, 50: 20: 10: 10: 10, 40: 20: 10: 10: 20, 30: 20: 10: 10: 30, 20: 20: 10: 10: 40, 10: 20: 10: 10: 50, 0: 20: 10: 10: 60. The best treatment for making bread was P6 (10: 20: 10: 10: 50).
Effect of gelatine addition and storage time on the quality of semur seasoning pasta
Authors: Lubis R H , Ginting S , Yusraini E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Semur seasoning pasta is one of the most popular instant products for the public. However, this product’s shelf life is short (1-2 days at room temperature), and it is not effective if semur seasoning pasta is marketed to the public. The addition of a binder/stabilizer (gelatine/gelatin) is needed to bind water to extend shelf life. Samples were packed in glass bottles stored at room temperature. The method used was completely randomized design, with 2 (two) factors i.e. gelatine concentration (G): (0%; 0.4%; 0.8%; 1.2%) and shelf life (L): (0 week; 1 week; 2 weeks; 3 weeks). The parameters observed were water content, ash content, total solids, total microbe, syneresis, the hedonic value of colour, flavour, taste, and viscosity. The results showed that the interaction between the two factors had a highly significant effect on the product’s hedonic viscosity. The product with 1.2% gelatine concentration and 1-week shelf life produced semur seasoning pasta with the best quality.
Study of product quality in the transportation of smoked anchovy in Buton Regency Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Sarinah  , Astuti O , Wahyuni S , Asnani  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Smoked anchovy is a product that is very popular with consumers for several reasons, among others: high nutritional value and vitamin, long shelf-life compared to other durable fish products durable, unique taste, source of calcium that is not easily soluble in water, and so consuming it can prevent bone loss. Smoked fish processing in Buton is still of a traditional method, which may result in lack of attention to fish quality. There are four stages of transporting smoked anchovy products, namely: 1) from the sea to the processing sites, 2) during processing, 3) from the processing sites to the market, 4) from the market to the consumers. The effect of transportation on the quality of smoked anchovies depends much on transportation, smoking temperature, containers and treatment before, and after processing.
Sensory characteristics of sweet bread from the flour of minor tubers fermented with fungi and bacteria as flour composite flour
Authors: Aprilianty R , Karo T , Ridwansyah  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Wheat flour is the main raw material for making bread, but with the increase in flour imports, it is necessary to reduce flour by utilizing flour from local plants such as minor tubers which have nutritional value that is not less competitive than wheat flour. Minor tubers have high crude fibre content which can damage the texture, so fermentation is necessary to reduce the crude fibre content. The purpose of this study was to know the sensory characteristic of sweet bread to raw material minor tuber flour modified by fermentation using fungi and bacteria and to get flour that has good quality. This study used a randomized block design method (RBD) 2 factors, namely variations of tubers (V): (Taro tubers, Canna tubers, Arrowrot tubers) and types of microorganisms (M): (Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis). The results showed that the type of flour give different influences a very significant effect on the hedonic value of taste, aroma and colour while the texture was not significantly different. The best quality sweet bread and consumer acceptance are the V1M1 (60% Wheat flour: 40% Taro Flour fermented with bacteria Bacillus subtilis).
The effect of low temperature in enzymatic glycerolysis on monoglyceride concentration production using green emulsifier based refined bleached deodorized palm oil
Authors: Zakwan Z , Lubis Z , Julianti E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The palm oil is a main commodity of plantation in Indonesia. It should be a good potential to produce many downstream products based on palm oil. But the reality is the export rate of crude palm oil is higher than the processing rate of downstream product. The aim of this study was to analyse one of downstream i.e., green emulsifier. The production used the enzymatic glycerolysis method without anorganic catalyst. The independent variables were reaction temperature 5, 10, 20, 35 and 55°C. The dependent variable was glyceride content (mono-, di- and triglyceride) that analysed by Gas Chromatography method. Before reacting, the first step was characterization of refined bleached deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) as the based material. The regression was determined using ANOVA with SPSS 2.0. If the result was significant, it would be continued with partial analysis and graphically trending. The results of this study showed that the glycerolysis temperature had significant on the monoglyceride but had no significant effect to the di- and triglyceride at alpha 10%. They show the lower temperature of glycerolysis, the higher monoglyceride was obtained. The advantage was able to produce high monoglyceride emulsifier but need the very strict control in processing.
The effect of cassava starch modified by various extraction agent on the consumers acceptability of bangkit cookies
Authors: Jannah U , Yusraini E , Ridwansyah  , Sinaga H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
One type of traditional cookies made from tapioca is bangkit cookies as a typical of the Malay community. The aim of this study was to determine the taste and consumer acceptance of the use modified tapioca fermented with the extract of emprit ginger, elephant ginger, red ginger, and curcuma on the bangkit cookies. This analysis used a randomized block design with two factors, factor 1, namely the type of ingredient extract with five types of extract: P1 = water, P2 = emprit ginger, P3 = elephant ginger, P4 = red ginger, and P5 = curcuma. Factor 2, namely the ratio of the amount of starch (Kg) to the volume of extract (L): C1 = 1:1, C2 = 1:2, and C3 = 1:3. The results showed, the factor 1 had a very significant effect and factor 2 gave a significant difference on the hedonic value of taste and general acceptance of bangkit cookies. The interaction of the two factors gave a significant effect on the hedonic value of the bangkit cookies taste. Based on the hedonic test of taste and general acceptance of bangkit cookies, it was found the P3C2 was the best cookies that was most liked by the consumer.
The microbiological characteristics of modified tapioca by liquid fermentation using ginger and curcuma extract
Authors: Arifah U , Yusraini E , Ridwansyah  , Ginting S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the microbiological characteristics of modified tapioca by liquid fermentation using ginger and curcuma extract. The study was using randomized block design with two factors i.e.: type of extract (P): (water, curcuma extract, giant ginger extract, red ginger extract and small ginger extract) and ratio of starch to extract volume (U): (1 kg: 1 L, 1 kg: 2 L and 1 kg: 3 L. The interaction of type of extract with ratio of starch to extract volume had highly significant effect on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on fermentation liquid. The type of extract and ratio of starch to extract volume had a highly significant effect on total plate count (TPC) on fermentation liquid. Based on the total of lactic acid bacteria, P1U3 (using water with a volume of 3 L of extract) was the treatment with the highest number of LAB, namely 17.94 x 107 CFU/mL. The treatment of extract types gave the result that P1 (water) had the highest TPC value, and the treatment of the ratio of starch to the volume of extract gave the result that U3 (1 kg: 3 L) had the highest TPC value.