bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Effects of COVID-19 on Patients with ESKD
Authors: Weinhandl Eric D. , Wetmore James B. , Peng Yi , Liu Jiannong , Gilbertson David T. , Johansen Kirsten L. 
Published: April 2021

Significance Statement
Although reports from around the world have indicated the case fatality rate of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients with ESKD is between 20% and 30%, the population-level effect of COVID-19 is uncertain. In a retrospective analysis of data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, during epidemiologic weeks 13–27 of 2020, adjusted relative rates of death were 17% higher among patients undergoing dialysis, and 30% higher among patients with a kidney transplant relative to corresponding weeks in 2017 to 2019. COVID-19 hospitalization rates and excess mortality both exhibited racial disparities. The severe effects of COVID-19 on patients with ESKD should be considered in the prioritization of these patients for COVID-19 vaccination.

Background
Reports from around the world have indicated a fatality rate of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the range of 20%–30% among patients with ESKD. Population-level effects of COVID-19 on patients with ESKD in the United States are uncertain.

Methods
We identified patients with ESKD from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data during epidemiologic weeks 3–27 of 2017–2020 and corresponding weeks of 2017–2019, stratifying them by kidney replacement therapy. Outcomes comprised hospitalization for COVID-19, all-cause death, and hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19. We estimated adjusted relative rates (ARRs) of death and non–COVID-19 hospitalization during epidemiologic weeks 13–27 of 2020 (March 22 to July 4) versus corresponding weeks in 2017–2019.

Results
Among patients on dialysis, the rate of COVID-19 hospitalization peaked between March 22 and April 25 2020. Non-Hispanic Black race and Hispanic ethnicity associated with higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalization, whereas peritoneal dialysis was associated with lower rates. During weeks 13–27, ARRs of death in 2020 versus 2017–2019 were 1.17 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.16 to 1.19) and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.24 to 1.36) among patients undergoing dialysis or with a functioning transplant, respectively. Excess mortality was higher among non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and Asian patients. Among patients on dialysis, the rate of non–COVID-19 hospitalization during weeks 13–27 in 2020 was 17% lower versus hospitalization rates for corresponding weeks in 2017–2019.

Conclusions
During the first half of 2020, the clinical outcomes of patients with ESKD were greatly affected by COVID-19, and racial and ethnic disparities were apparent. These findings should be considered in prioritizing administration of COVID-19 vaccination.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS EM EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Mattar João 
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é mapear as pesquisas empíricas que avaliam os resultados da aplicação de metodologias ativas em educação a distância. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura de escopo que partiu de uma revisão já realizada em língua portuguesa. As buscas ocorreram nas bases Scopus e Web of Science. Os filtros compreenderam artigos publicados em periódicos entre 2015 e 2019 em inglês, espanhol ou francês. A aplicação de critérios de seleção resultou na inclusão de 13 artigos. Os estudos, por sua vez, focam o ensino superior e utilizam uma diversidade de metodologias, abordagens e estratégias de coleta e análise de dados. Sala de aula invertida e aprendizagem baseada em problemas são as metodologias ativas mais utilizadas nos estudos, e os artigos relatam resultados de aprendizagem positivos, mas visíveis, entretanto, no longo prazo. Os resultados das pesquisas apontam que metodologias ativas podem ser utilizadas na fase do estudo individual e autônomo dos alunos. A conclusão sugere diversos trabalhos futuros para ampliar os resultados da revisão.
Effectiveness of Physical Therapy In Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: ÜNAL ENGİNAR Ayşe , UĞURLU Hatice 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To evaluate the effects of physical therapy on pain, disease activity, functional and emotional status and quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).
Material and Method: The study included 31 patients diagnosed with AS. The physical therapy group received 15 sessions of physical therapy (hotpack, ultrasound, TENS and hydrotherapy) exercise and the control group received only a home exercise program. All patients were evaluated with a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) for functional status, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) for disease activity and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI) for spinal mobility measurements before therapy, then after 2 and 6 weeks. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Short Form 36 (SF-36) were completed by all patients at baseline and after 6 weeks.
Results: With the exception of lateral flexion, tragus wall distance measurements for spinal mobility and BDI scores, significant improvements were determined in all the other parameters in the physical therapy group in the second week (p
CONHECIMENTO DOS DOCENTES E DISCENTES DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE O SUPORTE BÁSICO DE VIDA
Authors: Medeiros Anderson Brito de , Freire Izaura Luzia Silvério , Santos Fernanda Rafaela dos , Silva Bárbara Coeli Oliveira da , Batista George Felipe de Moura , Menezes Márcio Moreira de 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento dos docentes e discentes de enfermagem de uma universidade pública sobre o suporte básico de vida. Método: estudo exploratório, transversal e quantitativo, realizado com 40 docentes (graduação e técnico em enfermagem) e 89 discentes do curso técnico em enfermagem, por meio de questionário. Resultados: observou-se maior conhecimento dos participantes referentes ao ambiente onde se pode realizar a ressuscitação cardiopulmonar (88,4%), aos sinais clínicos que identificam uma parada cardiorrespiratória (77,5%), a relação compressão X ventilação (71,3%), aos elos da cadeia de sobrevivência (56,6%) e a profundidade das compressões torácicas (55,0%). Em outras questões, ocorreu percentual de erros significantes, tais como: situações especiais para utilização do desfibrilador externo automático (93,8%), sinais da parada respiratória (69,8%), ritmos chocáveis (65,1%) e frequência das compressões torácicas (50,4%). Conclusão: o estudo demonstrou significativo déficit de conhecimento sobre suporte básico de vida, tanto entre os discentes quanto entre os docentes.
Etiological structure and comorbidity of cardioembolic stroke
Authors: Chukhlovina M. L. , Alekseeva T. M. , Efremova E. S. 
Published: April 2021

Objective. Cardioembolic (CE) subtype has recently become increasingly important in the structure of brain stroke. This raises the question about the causes of CE stroke at the present stage. Clinical experience shows that the presence of comorbid disorders has a great influence on the course, early diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of the disease. However, the data on the structure of CE stroke and comorbid disorders are contradictory. This article aimed at studying etiological structure of CE stroke and its comorbidities.Design and methods. The study included 62 patients at the acute phase of ischemic stroke aged from 44 to 96 years. The CHA2DS2-VASc scale was used to evaluate the expected annual stroke risk. Results. Our data show that the etiological structure of the CE stroke is presented predominantly by atrial fibrillation, followed by acute myocardial infarction. Compared to atherothrombotic stroke, the CE stroke was found to have a higher comorbidity index. CHA2DS2-VASc total score in patients with CE stroke showed a high risk of recurrent acute cerebrovascular accident.Conclusions. Thus, an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnostic and treatment process involving a cardiologist and neurologist is required in order to improve the effectiveness of therapy and prognosis.
Evaluation of erythrocyte deformability in patients with hypertension
Authors: Pivovarov Yu. I. , Dmitrieva L. A. , Sergeeva A. S. , Say O. V. , Yan’kova T. S. 
Published: April 2021

Background. In the longterm course of hypertension, changes occur not only at the systemic, but also at the membrane level. The predominance of red blood spherocytic cells in hypertension, due to the low deformability of their membrane, can lead to further deterioration of the perfusion of the microcirculatory bed and the development of oxygen starvation of tissues. It is important to assess the extent of gas exchange disorders in organs and tissues in hypertension as early as possible in order to choose the correct and timely treatment strategy for patients with this disease. Currently, in order to assess the ability of red blood cells to deformability in the conditions of clinical units, it is necessary to have special equipment, certain conditions and specialist qualifications.Design and methods. We have developed a method of evaluating deformability of erythrocytes in hypertensive patients. The method includes measuring the patient’s blood pressure, blood sampling, lipidogram, measuring red blood cell parameters on a hematological analyzer with the calculation of the red blood cell sphericity index, and calculating the indicator of the red blood cell membrane deformability by the proposed formula.Conclusions. This method allows of timely diagnostics of the systemic microcirculation abnormality in hypertensive patients. The proposed method is intended for pathophysiologists, physicians, cardiologists, specialists of clinical laboratory diagnostics, it can also be applied for research purposes.
Free-Radical Scavenging Activity (FRSA) of Secondary Metabolite Extracted from Indonesian Eucheuma spinosum
Authors: Inayah Nurul , Masruri Masruri 
Published: April 2021

IIndonesia is the biggest country in the production of red seaweed of Eucheuma spinosum. The red seaweed has bioactive compounds that have a potential activity such as phenolic compounds as well as carrageenan and pigments. This paper reported phytochemical analysis of E. spinosum harvested by a local farmer in Sumenep Island, East Java and free-radical scavenging activity (FRSA) derived from 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) for several organic solvents. For extraction, dried powder is added with 5.0 mL of various solvents following by ultra-sonication assisted extraction for 30 minutes. The extract was separated by centrifugation for phytochemical analysis and radical scavenging evaluation. The prospecting of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts indicated the potency for radical scavengers. Alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins were secondary metabolites that indicated the presence in the extracts. The best IC50 value was presented by ethyl acetate extracts (384,86 ppm) with 38.78% for 50 ppm, while IC50 values of n-hexane, methanolic, dicloromethane extracts were 410.12, 677.76 and 685.08 ppm, respectively. Keywords: Eucheuma spinosum, phytochemical analysis, radical scavenging activity
Covid-19 y cetoacidosis diabética erróneamente diagnosticadas como ansiedad primaria: Reporte de un caso acerca de causas médicas versus psiquiátricas de ansiedad.
Authors: Rodríguez-León Jamie , Ortiz-Pinillos Lorena Lucía , Cruzado Lizardo 
Published: April 2021

Los trastornos de ansiedad tienen gran importancia en la psiquiatría de urgencias, tanto por la frecuencia con la que se presentan, como por la relevancia de las enfermedades somáticas que pueden subyacer a un cuadro ansioso. Resulta imperativo determinar desde el abordaje diagnóstico inicial si los signos y síntomas de la ansiedad constituyen una plena respuesta a situaciones de estrés, son manifestaciones de una patología somática subyacente, o se pueden explicar como síntomas de un trastorno psiquiátrico primario específico. En el momento actual, la pandemia de COVID-19 –en la que el Perú ha llegado a tener la mayor tasa de mortalidad mundial-- desborda los servicios de salud con abigarrados cuadros en los que se combinan tanto los síntomas de la infección viral por sí misma, como los de reacciones ansiosas y respuestas al estrés. A propósito de un caso ilustrativo, en el que el proceso de tamizaje médico fue deficitario y se etiquetó al paciente como un caso primario de “ansiedad”, con un desenlace lamentablemente ominoso, se revisa brevemente la literatura acerca del proceso de medical clearance (o descarte de condiciones médicas) y se reafirma concluyentemente la importancia de una consideración diagnóstica inicial abarcadora, no sesgada, y basada en criterios clínicos sólidamente elaborados y sustentados. Es evidente, por otro lado, que el psiquiatra requiere estar permanentemente actualizado sobre las formas de presentación psicopatológica asociadas a la sintomatología de COVID-19.
Economic Diplomacy as A Subject and Research Agenda: Practical, Conceptual and Methodological Issue
Authors: Killian Pantri Muthriana Erza 
Published: April 2021

Dalam kurun waktu 15-20 tahun terakhir, diplomasi ekonomi menjadi salah satu topik riset yang cukup diminati, seiring dengan semakin aktifnya negara-negara di dunia melakukan aktivitas ini. Australia, Jepang, Cina dan Indonesia merupakan contoh negara-negara yang telah melakukan restrukturisasi terhadap instrumen dan arah politik luar negeri untuk mengakomodasi masuknya diplomasi ekonomi sebagai salah satu agenda utama politik luar negerinya. Sayangnya, sebagai suatu kajian baru, diplomasi ekonomi masih mengalami beberapa tantangan utama, khususnya dalam proses pembentukan pengetahuan (knowledge-building process), yang ditandai dengan permasalahan pada tiga aspek utama yakni isu konseptual, metodologis dan alat analisis. Berdasarkan penelusuran terhadap referensi-referensi utamanya, tulisan ini menemukan bahwa diplomasi ekonomi masih membutuhkan konsolidasi di berbagai aspek termasuk definisi, varian/aliran, metode penelitian dan kerangka teori. Lebih lanjut, dikotomi antara studi diplomasi dan ilmu ekonomi – sebagai ilmu induk diplomasi ekonomi – juga menyebabkan polarisasi yang cukup signifikan dan berpengaruh pada perkembangannya sebagai bidang kajian. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengusulkan upaya-upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan ini dan membentuk diplomasi ekonomi sebagai suatu kajian dan agenda riset yang lebih tertata, sistematis, dan komprehensif.Kata-kata kunci: diplomasi ekonomi, diplomasi, diplomasi dagang, diplomasi komersialWithin the last 15-20 years, economic diplomacy has emerged to become an intriguing research topic, in line with states’ growing practice in this activity. Australia, Japan, China, and Indonesia are amongst the states who had restructured their instruments and foreign policy directions to incorporate economic diplomacy as an integral part of it. However, as a new research area, economic diplomacy faces several challenges in its knowledge-building process, most notably in formulating the conceptual, methodological, and analytical basis of the study. By tracing the core references of economic diplomacy, this paper finds that, as a research agenda, economic diplomacy lacks consolidation regarding its definition, variants/strands, research methods dan theoretical models. Moreover, the rigid dichotomy between diplomacy and economy – as the knowledge base of economic diplomacy – creates a significant polarisation, affecting economic diplomacy’s development as a new research field. Therefore, this paper seeks to introduce ways to overcome these problems and develop economic diplomacy as a more systematic and comprehensive research agenda.Keywords: economic diplomacy, diplomacy, trade diplomacy, commercial diplomacy
The novel effectiveness of Tai Chi on cardiopulmonary fitness among stroke patients in the recovery phase: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tan Tianyang , Li Xinyu , Bai Ruina , Wang Chengchao , Lv Jiaxuan , Yan Kang , Liu Meng , Zhang Chaoyang , Meng Yanyan , Wei Yulong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Stroke is the leading cause of death worldwide. China faces a similar risk of stroke as developed countries because of considerable changes in lifestyle, such as overeating and smoking. Tai Chi is a traditional form of mind-body exercise that has been widely practiced in China for thousands of years. However, there are few studies on the effect of Tai Chi on the cardiopulmonary function of stroke patients in the recovery phase. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the effect of Tai Chi on the cardiorespiratory fitness of patients after stroke.Methods: This is a parallel-design, two-arm, analyst assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial. A total of 226 stroke patients in the recovery phase will be recruited and assigned randomly to a control group or Tai Chi group at a 1:1 ratio. The patients in the Tai Chi group will perform the Tai Chi exercise. The patients in the control group will perform walking exercises. Patients in both groups will receive conventional treatments and healthy education. The primary outcomes will be VO2peak and scores on the MOS item short from health survey (SF-36) scale. Secondary outcomes will include vital capacity (VC), ejection fractions (EF), and cardiac output (CO). The assessments of the tests will be performed at three time points (before exercise, at the end of exercise, and 6 weeks after exercise). Adverse events will be recorded faithfully during the study.Discussion: If the results are positive, this study will contribute to the establishment of further guided Tai Chi rehabilitation programs.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000034719, Registered on 16 July 2020
Correlation Between Posterior Tibialis Tendon Dysfunction with Ultrasonography and Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity with Radiographic X-ray and Feiss line in East Java’s&nbsp;Indonesian Professional Athletes
Authors: Setiawati Rosy , Hasbi Alfian , Rahardjo Paulus , Tinduh Damayanti , Pawana Alit , Guglielmi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background : Adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is marked with a partial or complete flattening of the longitudinal medial arch that developed after maturity. AAFD, secondary to posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction (PTTD), is one of the most frequent foot and ankle pathologies in professional athletes. Different modality and procedures can be used to establish the diagnosis of AAFD and PTTD However, the correlation of these various clinical and imaging measurements with specific injuries of the PTT and supporting medial longitudinal arch structures has not been fully reported. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between PTTD using ultrasonography and AAFD that diagnosed using both radiographic x-ray and feiss line examination.Method : 112 professional athletes with flat foot deformity on physical examination, symptom of PTT dysfunction such as medial ankle or foot pain, focal pain along the course of the PTT underwent foot radiographic x-ray using calcaneal inclination angle, ankle ultrasound to see PTT abnormality and feiss line examination using three degree of flat foot classification.Result : There were strong association between calcaneal inclination angle and PTTD includes the presence of PT tendon sheath fluid as well as tendon sheath thickening with p<0.05 with correlation coefficient (r) = 0.921 and 0.892 respectively. Weak association were also found between feiss line result and PT tendon sheath fluid as well as tendon sheath thickening with correlation coefficient (r) = 0.288 and 0.244. There were non significant association between calcaneal inclination and partial PT tendon tear as well as calcaneal inclination and feiss line result.Conclusion : A compressive understanding of posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction and flatfoot diagnosis will lead to more effective management in reducing the symptom.
Developmental trajectories of number line estimations in math anxiety: evidence from bounded and unbounded number line estimation
Authors: Ashkenazi¹ Sarit , Cohen¹ Nitzan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the number line estimation task, participants are instructed to place a number, spatially, on a number line. In the present study, 2nd, 3rd and 5th grade children (n = 94) participated in bounded and unbounded number line estimation tasks, half with low math anxiety (LMA) and half with high MA (HMA). The spatial theory views MA as resulting from weakness in spatial abilities, subsequent to deficits in basic numerical abilities. Accordingly, due to number space associations, weakness in estimations are expected in HMA individuals. Accordingly, young children with HMA show non-mature numerical estimations compared to participants with LMA. Specifically, HMA participants showed higher logarithmic tendency than LMA peers, and showed indications for usage of 2 reference points rather than 3 reference points in number line estimations (bounded and unbounded). However, for older HMA children, estimations were normalized and group differences were eliminated. Finally, we found that estimations (linear fits and errors) in the bounded but not the unbounded tasks, predicted usage of advance memory-based strategies in simple addition operations. These results indicated that bounded and unbounded number line estimations are dissociable in 1) developmental trajectories, 2) in relation to MA and 3) in relation to math performances.
AAV-mediated gene therapy produces fertile offspring in the Lhcgr-deficient mouse model of Leydig cell failure
Authors: Xia Kai , Wang Fulin , Lai Xingqiang , Luo Peng , Chen Hong , Ma Yuanchen , Huang Weijun , Ou Wangsheng , Li Yuyan , Feng Xin , Lei Zhenmin , Tu Xiang'an , Ke Qiong , Mao Frank , Deng Chunhua , Xiang Andy Peng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Leydig cell failure (LCF) caused by gene mutation results in testosterone deficiency and infertility. Serum testosterone levels can be recovered via testosterone replacement; however, established therapies have shown limited success in restoring fertility. Here, we used a luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotrophin receptor (Lhcgr)-deficient mouse model of genetic LCF to investigate the feasibility of gene therapy for restoring testosterone production and fertility. We screened several adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes and identified AAV8 as an efficient vector to drive exogenous Lhcgr expression in progenitor Leydig cells through interstitial injection. We observed considerable testosterone recovery and Leydig cell maturation after AAV8-Lhcgr treatment in pubertal Lhcgr−/− mice. This gene therapy substantially recovered sexual development, partially restored spermatogenesis and effectively produced fertile offspring. Furthermore, these favorable effects could be reproduced in adult Lhcgr−/− mice. Our proof-of-concept experiments in this mouse model demonstrate that AAV-mediated gene therapy may represent a promising therapeutic approach for patients with genetic LCF.
An on-line path planning of assembly robots based on FOVS
Authors: Liu Mingzhou , Xu Xin , Wang Xiaoqiao , Ge Maogen , Ling Lin , Liu Conghu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
To improve the accuracy and efficiency of path planning for the mechanical assembly process of products, an on-line path planning method for mechanical assembly process robots based on visual field space is proposed in this paper. Firstly, to predict and describe the assembly process, the concept of field-of-view space (FOVS) is proposed. Secondly, image processing is carried out by knowledge base to judge the assembly type and current assembly state, and the initial assembly path is given. Then, the assembly process is integrated and solved, and the location estimation of obstacles are given according to the FOVS. Finally, the ant colony algorithm is improved to get the final assembly optimization path. Comparing the algorithm with the ACS algorithm in the aspect of path planning. The length of path planning is reduced by 2%, and the algorithm time is reduced by 0.5s, the accuracy and efficiency have been effectively improved. the result shows that the algorithm is effective.