bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Mechanism of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Probio-M9 on Staphylococcus Aureus Mastitis in Rat
Authors: Xu Ruibo , Heping Zhang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 (Probio-M9), a probiotic strain previously isolated from the milk of healthy women. The Illumina Hiseq platform performed metagenomic sequencing on faeces samples at various time points. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS are used to detect a large number of endogenous metabolites in the serum of rats with mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that after oral Probio-M9, the beneficial intestinal bacteria (Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus reuteri) were increasesed in intestinal bacteria of rats with mastitis, while the harmful bacteria(Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli) were decreased. Moreover, it positively regulated the metabolites (linoleic acid, glycerophospholipid, aracidonic acid, sphinolipid, etc.) in the blood of rats with mastitis. This study provided a new research method for Probio-M9 to alleviate mastitis, and also provided a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Probio-M9.
DNA Methylation-Dependent Translational Control of Glutamate Transporters in Cultured Radial Glia Cells
Authors: Rodríguez-Campuzano Ada G , Hernández-Kelly Luisa C. , Ortega Arturo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Exposure to xenobiotics has a significant impact in brain physiology, that could be liked to an excitotoxic processes induced by a massive release of the main excitatory neurotransmitter, L-glutamate. Overstimulation of post-synaptic and extra-synaptic glutamate receptors leads to a disturbance of intracellular calcium homeostasis that is critically involved in neuronal death. Hence, glutamate extracellular levels are tightly regulated through its uptake by glial glutamate transporters. It has been observed that glutamate regulates its own removal, both in the short-time frame via a transporter-mediated decrease in the uptake, and in the long-term through the transcriptional control of its gene expression, a process mediated by glutamate receptors that involves the Ca2+/diacylglycerol-dependent protein kinase and the transcription factor Ying Yang 1. Taking into consideration that this transcription factor is as a member of the Polycomb complex and thus, part of repressive and activating chromatin remodeling factors, it might direct the interaction of DNA methyltransferases or dioxygenases of methylated cytosines to their target sequences. Since glial glutamate transporters promoters are targets of Ying-Yang 1, in this contribution, we explored the role of dynamic DNA methylation in the expression and function of glial glutamate transporters. To this end, we used the well-characterized models of primary cultures of chick cerebellar Bergmann glia cells and a human retina-derived Müller glia cell line. A time and dose-dependent increase in global DNA methylation was found upon glutamate exposure. Under hypomethylation conditions, both glial glutamate transporters expression and function were increased. These results, favor the notion that a dynamic methylation program triggered by glutamate in glia cells modulates one of its major functions: glutamate removal.
Systemic Modeling of Chaotic EEG During Human Sleep
Authors: Alipour Mahmoud , Gholpayeghani Seyed Mohammad Reza Hashemi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
One of the most challenging discussions about EEG is the chaotic nature of this biological signal. In the present study, we attempt to provide an analysis to demonstrate sleep EEG chaoticity. We model changes of sleep attractor dynamic in phase space by exponential regression. Our model demonstrates that the sleep attractor is the sleep cycle attractor whose size shrinks during successive cycles by presenting a new definition of the sleep cycle. We study the EEG dynamics of different sleep stages by presenting two new features based on phase space properties. We show that each stage has a unique chaotic attractor. We model geometric changes of these attractors during successive sleep cycles. Our model achieves an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 89.15%, 82.84%, and 81.62% classifying sleep stages.
Urine di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate Metabolites Are Independently Related To Body Fluid Status in Adults: Results From a U.S. Nationally Representative Survey
Authors: Wang Wei-Jie , Wang Chia-Sung , Wang Chi-Kang , Yang An-Ming , Lin Chien-Yu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been utilized in many daily used products for decades. Previous studies have reported DEHP exposure could induce renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation and increase epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) activity, which contributes to extracellular fluid (ECF) volume expansion. However, there is also no previous study to evaluate the association between DEHP exposure and body fluid status.
Methods
We selected 1,678 subjects (aged ≧ 18 years) from a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2003–2004 to determine the relationship among urine DEHP metabolites and body composition (body measures, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)).
Results
After weighted for sampling strategy, we reported higher levels of DEHP metabolites was correlated with increases in body measures (body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist), parameters of BIA (estimated fat mass, percent body fat, ECF, and ECF /intracellular fluid (ICF) ratio) in multiple linear regression analysis. The relationship between DEHP metabolites with ECF/ICF ratio were more evident in subjects with younger age (20–39 year-old), women, non-Hispanic white ethnic, and subjects who were not active smokers.
Conclusions
Besides positively correlated with body measures and body fat, we found urine DEHP metabolites are positively correlated with ECF, ECF/ICF ratio in the US general adult population. It is necessary to do further research to clarify this causal relationship.
Prenatal exome sequencing and chromosomal microarray analysis in fetal structural anomalies in a highly consanguineous population reveals a propensity of ciliopathy genes causing multisystem phenotypes
Authors: Al-Hamed Mohamed , Kurdi Wesam , Khan Rubina , Tulbah Maha , AlNemer Maha , AlSahan Nada , AlMugbel Maisoon , Rafiullah Rafiullah , Assoum Mirna , Rahbeeni Zuhair , Derar Nada , Hakami Fahad , Almutairi Gawaher , AlOtaibi Afaf , Ali Wafaa , AlShammasi Amal , AlMubarak Wardah , AlDawoud Samia , AlAmri Saja , Saeed Bashayer , Bukhari Hanifa , Ali Mohannad , Akili Rana , Alquayt Laila , Elbardisy Hadeel , Akilan Asma , Almuhana Nora , AlKhalifah Abrar , Ramzan Khushnooda , Sayer John A. , Imtiaz Faiqa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Fetal abnormalities are detected in 3% of all pregnancies and are responsible for approximately 20% of all perinatal deaths. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and exome sequencing (ES) are widely used in prenatal settings for molecular genetic diagnostics with variable diagnostic yields. In this study, we aimed to determine the diagnostic yield of trio-ES in detecting the cause of fetal abnormalities within a highly consanguineous population.
Methods
In families with a history of congenital anomalies, a total of 119 fetuses with structural anomalies were recruited and DNA from invasive samples were used together with parental DNA samples for trio-ES and CMA. Data were analysed to determine possible underlying genetic disorders associated with observed fetal phenotypes.
Results
The cohort had a known consanguinity of 81%. Trio-ES led to diagnostic molecular genetic findings in 59 fetuses (with pathogenic / likely pathogenic variants) most with multisystem or renal abnormalities. CMA detected chromosomal abnormalities compatible with the fetal phenotype in another 7 cases. Monogenic ciliopathy disorders with an autosomal recessive inheritance were the predominant cause of multisystem fetal anomalies (24/59 cases, 40.7%) with loss of function variants representing the vast majority of molecular genetic abnormalities. Heterozygous de novo pathogenic variants were found in 4 fetuses. A total of 23 novel variants predicted to be associated with the phenotype were detected.
Conclusion
Prenatal trio-ES and CMA detected likely causative molecular genetic defects in a total of 55% of families with fetal anomalies confirming the diagnostic utility of trio-ES and CMA as first line genetic test in the prenatal diagnosis of multisystem fetal anomalies including ciliopathy syndromes.
Survival Outcomes Among Pancreatic Cancer Patients at Kenyatta National Hospital
Authors: Moraa Faith , Degu Amsalu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The mortality rate of pancreatic cancer varies throughout the world, with industrialized countries being hard hit. In addition, mortality has risen fast in the past two decades in Kenya and East Africa. However, there was a paucity of conclusive data about the survival of pancreatic cancer patients in the study setting. Hence, this study aimed to assess the survival outcomes of pancreatic cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital.Methods: A hospital-based retrospective cohort analysis was used to evaluate the survival outcomes among pancreatic cancer patients admitted in the study setting between 2015 and 2019. A total of 64 eligible pancreatic cancer patients were included in the study. In the pre-designed data abstraction tool, the data were collected by reviewing the medical records of the patients. The data were entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22 software. The mean survival time was estimated using Kaplan Meier survival analysis. Cox regression analysis was employed to estimate the predictors of mortality among pancreatic cancer patients.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 60.38±12.61 years. Most of the patients had adenocarcinoma (96.9%) and were diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. The overall mean and median survival estimate for pancreatic cancer was 48.7±9.7 and 39.0±23.9 months, respectively. The present study showed that the overall survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients was 79.7%. Conclusion: The mortality rate of pancreatic cancer in the present was 20%. The overall mean survival estimate for pancreatic cancer was 48.7±9.7 months, and the majority had disease progression in the last follow-up period.
Organic Electronics from Nature: Investigation of the Electronic and Optical Properties of the Isomers of Bixin and Norbixin Present in the Achiote Seeds
Authors: Lima Igo Torres , Crispim Josiel Silva , Neto Olimpio Pereira de Sá , Júnior Rafael Timóteo de Sousa , Júnior Luiz Antônio Ribeiro , Filho Demétrio Antônio da Silva 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Organic semiconductors have been widely employed in developing new green energy solutions with good cost-efficiency compromise, such as Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs). The light-harvesting process in OPVs is a crucial aspect, which still needs improvements. In this context, the Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have arisen as a technically and economically credible alternatives. In this work, we have performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the electronic and optical properties of the four natural dyes found in the seeds of annatto (Bixa Orellana L.), which is a natural dye widely found in tropical America. Different DFT functionals, and basis sets, were used in the calculations of the bixin, norbixin, and their trans-isomers (molecules present in Bixa Orellana L.). All molecules present a conjugated backbone with nine double bonds. We observed that the planarity of the molecules and their similar extension for the conjugation pathways provide substantially delocalized wavefunctions of the frontier orbitals and similar values for their energies. Moreover, our findings showed a strong absorption peak in the blue region and the absorption band over the visible spectrum, thus indicating that molecules are good candidates for organic electronic and optoelectronic applications. The results were contrasted with the experimental data.
Saturation-Pulse Prepared Heart-Rate Independent Inversion-REcovery (SAPPHIRE) Biventricular T1 Mapping: Inter-Field Strength, Head-To-Head Comparison of Diastolic, Systolic And Dark-Blood Measurements
Authors: Alfarih Mashael , Augusto João B , Knott Kristopher D , Fatih Nasri , Kumar-M Praveen , Boubertakh Redha , Hughes Alun , Moon James , Weingärtner Sebastian , Captur Gabriella 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose To assess the feasibility of SAPPHIRE T1 mapping in vivo across field strengths and compare results to those obtained by conventional Modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI). Methods 10 healthy volunteers underwent same-day non-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance at 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3T. Left and right ventricular (LV, RV) T1 mapping was performed in the basal, mid and apical short axis using MOLLI and 4-variants of SAPPHIRE: diastolic, systolic, 0th and 2nd order motion-sensitized dark blood (DB). Results LV myocardial T1 times differed significantly between MOLLI and each of the SAPPHIRE variants (all p<0.005). LV global myocardial T1 (1.5T then 3T results) was significantly longer by diastolic SAPPHIRE (1283±11|1600±17ms) than any of the other SAPPHIRE variants: systolic (1239±9|1595±13ms), 0th order DB (1241±10|1596±12) and 2nd order DB (1251±11|1560±20ms, all p<0.05). In the mid septum MOLLI and diastolic SAPPHIRE exhibited significant T1 signal contamination (longer T1) at the blood-myocardial interface not seen with the other 3 SAPPHIRE variants (all p<0.025). Additionally, systolic, 0th order and 2nd order DB SAPPHIRE showed narrower dispersion of myocardial T1 times across the mid septum when compared to diastolic SAPPHIRE (interquartile ranges respectively: 25ms, 71ms, 73ms vs 143ms, all p<0.05). RV T1 mapping was achievable using systolic, 0th and 2nd order DB SAPPHIRE but not with MOLLI or diastolic SAPPHIRE. All 4 SAPPHIRE variants showed excellent re-read reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.953 to 0.996). Conclusion These preliminary data suggest that systolic and DB SAPPHIRE approaches can reduce myocardial T1 signal contamination by the adjacent bright blood pool at the blood-myocardial interface.
Germany in the life of Russian writers and poets of the first half of the 19th century
Authors: Дударев В.С. 
Published: August 2021

Помимо плодотворного взаимодействия в решении политических вопросов Россию и Германию в первой половине XIX в. связывали тесные культурные связи, в выстраивании которых ключевую роль играла литература. Германия являлась в определенном смысле фильтром, через который Россия знакомилась с европейской литературой. Образы немецкого мира, находившие отражение в русской литературе, возникали не в последнюю очередь благодаря личному опыту общения российских писателей с Германией и немцами. Вследствие этого Германия нередко приобретала свое особенное значение в их жизни и творчестве, чему и посвящена настоящая статья.In addition to fruitful interaction in solving political issues in the first half of the 19th century, Russia and Germany were linked by close cultural ties, in the building of which literature played a key role. Germany was a kind of filter through which Russia got acquainted with European literature. Images of the German world, reflected in the Russian literature, arose not least due to the personal experience of Russian writers with Germany and the Germans. In this regard, Germany often acquired its special significance in the life and work of Russian writers. This will be discussed in this article.
Comprehension of the national past in the West Berlin music culture in the 1980s
Authors: Лысенко Е.Н. 
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена роли популярной музыки в процессах осмысления и проработки нацистского прошлого в Западной Германии в 1980-х гг. Популярная музыка рассматривается на примере музыкальной сцены Западного Берлина, а именно группы «Einstürzende Neubauten». Рассмотрены политический, экономический и социальный контекст функционирования сцены Западного Берлина, проанализированы различные способы репрезентации национального прошлого в музыке «Einstürzende Neu-bauten». Сделан вывод о том, что в музыкальной культуре Западного Берлина происходило восстановление преемственности разных периодов немецкой культуры и вписывание проблемного прошлого в публичный исторический нарратив.The article is focused on the role of popular music in the processes of comprehension and dealing with the Nazi past in West Germany in the 1980s. Popular music is examined on the example of the music scene of West Berlin, namely the band «Einstürzende Neubauten». The article considers the political, economic and social context of the West Berlin music scene, analyzes different ways of representing the national past in the music of «Einstürzende Neubauten». The conclusion is made that in the musical culture of West Berlin the continuity of different periods of German culture was restored and the troubled past was incorporated into the public historical narrative.
Fragments of Moral Theology in John Locke’s Notebooks
Authors: Яковлев А.А. 
Published: August 2021

Согласно Локку, «закон морали» столь же важен для спасения, как «закон дел» и «закон веры», и предполагает неукоснительное исполнение всех моральных предписаний, возвещенных в Евангелии. Локк также считал неприемлемой «слепую веру» и противопоставлял ей веру ясную и понятную, рациональную и просвещенную, открыто и свободно исповедуемую любым человеком. В ответе на вопрос, как и в каком интеллектуальном контексте происходило становление моральной теологии Локка, свою роль могут сыграть не только основные теологические тексты философа, но и его записные книжки (1692–1698).
According to Locke the Law of Morality is crucial for Salvation, in the same way as the Law of Works and the Law of Faith, requiring full observance of all moral precepts delivered in the Gospel. Locke also deemed unacceptable the so called “implicit” or blind faith, and contrasted it with the Faith plain and explicit, rational and enlightened, openly and freely professed by any believing person. The content of his notebooks (1692–1698), as well as Philosopher’s main theological works, may be of help in tracing how and in what intellectual context occurred the making-up of his Moral Theology.
Social framework of historical responsibility: in search of rational grounds for historical estimates
Authors: Головашина О.В. 
Published: August 2021

Автор статьи настаивает на необходимости определения оснований социальной ответственности, чтобы избежать апелляции к эмоциям и моральному дискурсу при оценке исторических событий. Показано, что идеи И. Канта не дают возможности разрешить проблему ответственности вне свободы и концептуализировать коллективную ответственность. Некоторые решения предложены Х. Арендт, осмысляющей политическую ответственность как коллективную. Структурный подход А.М. Янг позволяет перенести акцент на деперсонализацию в условиях большого числа посредников, последствия действий которых невозможно просчитать, и оценивать ответственность в категориях каузальности. Говоря о присвоении коллективной ответственности личностью и оценивая степень ответственности, необходимо учитывать уровень вовлеченности в структуру и качество выполняемых задач.In the proposed article, the author insists on the need to determine the grounds of social responsibility, since this will avoid appeals to emotions and moral discourse when evaluating historical events. At the first step, the author turns to the ideas of I. Kant, showing that the resources of his theory do not allow solving the problems of responsibility outside of freedom and conceptualizing collective responsibility. The author finds some solutions in X. Arendt, conceptualizing political responsibility as a collective one. A.M. Young's structural approach allows us to shift the focus to depersonalization in the conditions of a large number of intermediaries, the consequences of whose actions cannot be calculated, and to assess responsibility in the categories of causality. Thus, the author speaks about the assignment of collective responsibility by an individual; while assessing the degree of responsibility, it is necessary to take into account the level of involvement in the structure and quality of the tasks performed. This allows us to understand the role of historical dynamics actors without emotional and moral assessments.
Photoelectrocatalytic generation of miscellaneous oxygen-based radicals towards cooperative degradation of multiple organic pollutants in water
Authors: Zhou Yurou , Zhang Guan , Zou Jing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the present photoelectrochemical (PEC) system utilizing MoS2 nanoflakes as a wide spectrum absorptive photoanode, simultaneous PEC degradation of different organic pollutants was achieved by employing in situ generated oxysulfur radicals, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals as strong oxidants. In order to better understand the cooperative PEC degradation of representative organic pollutants including rhodamine B dye (RhB), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and ciprofloxacin (CIP), the influences by bias potential, solution pH, radical scavenger, dissolved oxygen concentration and electrolyte concentration have been investigated. The selective PEC degradation efficiency follows the order of CPF &gt; RhB &gt; CIP in mixed substrates condition. In addition, the degradation rate for the single substrate degradation was about two times higher compared to that in mixed substrates degradation. The experimental results verified that reactive oxidation species (ROS) including oxysulfur radicals, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals can be efficiently produced on both anode and cathode under visible light irradiation, and they work together for simultaneous degradation of different pollutants, but the contribution of each ROS for pollutant degradation is substrate dependent. These results indicate that cooperative oxidation of multiple pollutants by miscellaneous oxygen-based radicals should be further considered as a promising advanced oxidation technique.
Lipid Engineered Nanoparticle Therapy for Burn Wound Treatment
Authors: Beg Sarwar , Qadir Abdul , Ahmad Usama , Ali Asad , Shahid Aisha , Aqil Mohd. , Khan Nausheen , Ali Athar , Almalki Waleed H. , Alghamdi Saad , Barkat Md. Abul 
Published: August 2021

Introduction:Skin is the largest organ of the human body protecting the underlying organs and tissues from any foreign attack. Any damage caused in the skin may sometimes result in serious consequences within the internal body tissues. Burn is one such issue that damages the layers of the skin and thereby making the skin vulnerable and prone to any foreign matter entering and causing serious diseases.Methods:An online literature assessment was steered for the lipid nanoparticles, burn wound treatments, and different types of nanoformulation. Appropriate information was taken from different electronic scientific databases such as Web of Science, Elsevier, Science Direct, Springer, PubMed, Google Scholar etc. Additional data was summarized from textbooks, local prints and scripts.Results:Recent innovations and developments in nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have shown promising results in minimizing the drawbacks associated with conventional therapies. Lipid based nanoparticles possess capabilities to deliver active agents to their target site without the possibility of degradation. Conventional therapy of burn wound is costly and the treatment is long lasting, making the patient uncomfortable. Moreover, it also doesn’t yield satisfactory results or narrow effects. Encapsulation of bioactives inside the lipid core protects the active entity from pH and enzymatic degradations.Conclusion:This review highlights the drawbacks associated with conventional dosage forms. A lot of consideration is focused on the advancement of nanomaterials using innovative methods in wound care for treating burn wounds with a faster healing effect. This review article highlights recent developments in lipid based nanoformulations for the treatment of burn wound injury.