bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Quality Enhancement Initiatives Regarding Classroom Teaching: A Focus on Higher Education Institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Abdul Waheed  , Prof. Dr. Muhammad Iqbal Majoka  , Dr. Shawana Fazal  
Published: March 2021

This study was carried out to explore the implementation of quality enhancement initiatives at the university level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The main focus was on the aspect of quality teaching. The study covered the following research objectives: to examine teachers' training and preparation for enhancing the quality of classroom teaching; to find out facilities and resources provided for the enhancement of quality of classroom teaching; to analyze classroom practices taken by teachers for the enhancement of quality of classroom teaching. Data were collected from 68 heads of department and 258 faculty members of the related departments. The sample of the study consisted of two hundred fifty-eight (258) University teachers and sixty-eight (68) Heads of Department. Two research instruments were used for data collection one for faculty members and the other for heads of department. The data were analyzed using the mean score, percentage, and chi-square test. The findings of the study revealed that need-based training facilities for university teachers and smart classroom facilities are slightly imparted in the universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study also recommends that quality facilities, resources, and need-based training programs may equally be provided for quality teaching-learning processes in all the public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Ambient air quality of Katra town, J&K during fireworks on Diwali festival
Authors: Raina Anil K. , Sharma Anita 
Published: March 2021

Diwali-the festival of lights, is celebrated in India, every year during October or November with great fireworks display which contributes to pollution of air. In order to assess the impacts of fireworks on ambient air quality during Diwali festival in Katra town, Jammu , (J&K); monitoring of RSPM, NRSPM, SO2 and NO2 during day and night times for Pre-Diwali (day before Diwali); Diwali and Post-Diwali (day after Diwali) for two successive years i.e. 2011 and 2012 has been carried out in a residential area. The air quality levels observed on Diwali has been compared with the air quality levels observed before and after Diwali which has revealed considerable increase in RSPM, NRSPM, SO2 and NO2 concentration due to Diwali fireworks. On Diwali day, the concentration of RSPM, NRSPM, TSPM, SO2 and NO2 was found to be 118.27µg/m³, 153.2µg/m³, 271.47µg/m3, 6.61µg/m3 and 10.51µg/m3 respectively in 2011 and 141.2µg/m³, 199.14µg/m³, 340.34µg/m³, 7.06µg/m³ and 10.53µg/m³ respectively in 2012.These concentrations were found to be 1.75, 1.57, 1.65, 1.73 and 1.52 times higher in 2011 and 1.86, 2, 2, 1.47 and 1.39 times higher in 2012, when compared with the respective concentrations of normal day. The higher level of these pollutants due to fireworks during Diwali festival poses serious health hazards to the inhabitants of the area.
Impact of physico-chemical parameters on zooplankton diversity of freshwater reservoirs around Amravati District, Maharashtra
Authors: Sangve K. B. 
Published: March 2021

Impact assessment was carried out on the zooplankton diversity of Pohra, Wadali and Chhatri surface water reservoirs around Amravati with respect to their physico-chemical characteristics. During course of study zooplankton were represented by five major groups i.e. Ostracoda, Rotifera, Cladocera, Protozoa and Copepoda. High value of physico-chemical parameters and low zooplankton diversity were recorded in Chhatri reservoir, moderate in Wadali lake and low value of physico-chemical parameters and high zooplankton diversity were recorded in Pohara lake. The Chhatri reservoir was found to contain most of the pollution indicator species. Wadali reservoir also exhibited few pollution tolerant species. Prominent among them were Ceratodaphnia, Lepadella, Monostyla, Rotarria, Cyclops, Diaptomus and Ectocyclops. The water in all the reservoirs was found to be eutrophic in the order of Pohra > Wadali > Chhatri.
Modelos epistémicos, investigación y método
Authors: Norman Gómez Richar , Angarita Valencia Jennifer , Díaz González Claudia Beatriz 
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este documento es presentar una aproximación al concepto de investigación, definida fundamentalmente como un “conjunto de procesos sistemáticos, críticos y empíricos que se aplican al estudio de un fenómeno o problema, con el resultado u objetivo de ampliar su conocimiento” (Hernández & Mendoza, 2018), es decir que partiendo de una problemática podemos encontrar una solución a ella, bajo un estudio aproximado al fenómeno, desde diferentes modelos epistémicos y hacer un recorrido por los métodos de investigación de cada modelo, como elementos integrales de la vida del ser humano y que lo lleva a cuestionarse constantemente. Con esto se busca una explicación o solución a los fenómenos y problemas que suceden cotidianamente, intentando mejorar el entorno circundante, el estilo, ritmo y calidad de vida del ser humano a partir de horizontes conceptuales claros, que contribuyan de forma holística e integral en la construcción de un mejor y próspero futuro. Logrando así, ampliar las fronteras del conocimiento con procesos metódicos y análiticos cada vez más articulados y razonables, con los objetivos aplicados a diversos estudios de múltiples eventos en los variados campos del saber, lo cual se retoma desde la postura de varios autores dando validez y consistencia intelectual a los planteamientos descritos.
Amplitude and Frequency Modulation of Super-Nyquist Frequency from Kepler Photometric Sampling
Authors: Zong Weikai , Charpinet Stéphane 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We present a simulation showing that super-Nyquist frequencies may have periodic amplitude and frequency modulations, even if actually stable, in time series sampled like the Kepler data. These modulations are caused by the barycentric time correction, which destroys the evenly spaced time measurements, making the Nyquist frequency variable over the spacecraft orbit around the Sun. These modulations can easily be identified in pulsating stars from Kepler's photometric data.
Degradation factors of environmental DNA evaluated by experiments and meta-analysis
Authors: Saito Tatsuya , Doi Hideyuki 
Published: March 2021

Environmental DNA (eDNA) methods have been developed to detect organisms' distributions and abundance/biomass in various environments. eDNA degradation is critical for eDNA evaluation, but, the dynamics and mechanisms of eDNA degradation are largely unknown, especially when considering different eDNA sources, e.g., cell-derived and fragmental DNA. In this study, we conducted the degradation experiments (Saito and Doi 2020a) and a meta-analysis (Saito and Doi 2020b). Firstly, we experimentally evaluated the degradation rates of eDNA derived from multiple sources, including fragmental DNA (the DNA of internal positive control, IPC), free cells from Oncorhynchus kisutch, and the resident species (Saito and Doi 2020a). We conducted the experiments with pond and seawater to evaluate the differences between freshwater and marine habitats. Our results showed that eDNA derived from the both cells and fragmental DNA decreased exponentially in the both sea and pond samples. The degradation of eDNA from the resident species showed similar behavior to the cell-derived eDNA.
As a meta-analysis, we complied the degradation rates of eDNA in laboratory experiment and field studies from 28 studies (Saito and Doi 2020b). We also collected the related factors, including water sources, water temperature, DNA regions, and PCR amplicon lengths of the measured DNA. Our results suggested that water temperature and amplicon length were significantly related to the degradation rate of eDNA. From the simulation based on the 95% quantile model, we predicted the maximum degradation rate of eDNA in various combinations of water temperature and PCR amplicon length.
De la « précarité énergétique » aux inégalités sociales en matière de consommation d’énergie
Authors: Cacciari Joseph 
Published: March 2021

À partir d’une enquête menée sur une archive de trois cents dossiers d’un fonds d’aide sociale aux impayés d’énergie, cet article souhaite réévaluer la pertinence de la catégorie de « précarité énergétique » pour penser les difficultés des ménages en matière de consommation d’énergie. Le corpus permet de mettre en évidence plusieurs figures et trajectoires vécues de ces difficultés. Il apparaît en filigrane que ce sont des dimensions structurelles de rapports inégaux au logement, à l’emploi et aux effets de transition dans les trajectoires sociales, qui déterminent en grande partie le fait que ces difficultés en matière de consommation d’énergie s’institutionnalisent ou non.
Cardiovocal syndrom arare case of hoarseness of voice
Authors: Ekanayake L. S. B. , Dayaratne K. G. 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionHoarseness of voice is a common clinical presentation in ENT practice, which may have different etiological causes. The causes may vary from local pathology of larynx to a neurogenic reason of central nervous system or recurrent laryngeal nerve pathology. Cardiovocal syndrome may cause hoarseness secondary to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy when left recurrent laryngeal nerve is mechanically affected due to enlarged cardiovascular structure. In this article we present a case of left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy due to Cardiovocal syndrome or Ortner’s syndrome in a 75-year-old female. ConclusionsOrtner's syndrome may be overlooked and unless specifically looked for may be regarded as an idiopathic cause. The diagnostic methods currently used for investigation of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy specially the CT scan of carina to skull base may have these inherited disadvantages. As the lowest plane of the scan is so proximal to inferior region of the aorto pulmonary window an interpreter may easily miss the aneurism unless specifically looked for. One effect of this would be under diagnosis and when spotted it would be highly inadequate to assess the heart and rest of the thoracic aorta as clearly demonstrated in our patient which needed further studies. It would be a more efficient to include the heart in the CT scans in patients with extra laryngeal causes of left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy at least among cardiovascular risk factors.
Polymorphous adenocarcinoma on the base of tongue: a rare case
Authors: Balasubramaniam A. , Thirumaran B. 
Published: March 2021

Polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC) is a distinct neoplasm of the minor salivary gland. Most patients present with an asymptomatic mass in the hard palate.” Rarely, “the mass can also occur in the” base of the tongue. A 56-year-old female patient, presented to ENT clinic, Teaching Hospital Jaffna with a history of voice change for 4 months. Her physical examination revealed fissured tongue, a mass of 1×1.5 cm in size with intact mucosa located at the left side of the base of tongue, which was crossing the midline and infiltrated into the deep tongue muscles. Deep biopsy revealed polymorphous adenocarcinoma. She was treated with radiotherapy. PAC is ‘unusual’ to arise at the base of the tongue. It is important to diagnose and treat it accordingly.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) evidence based management - state of the art
Authors: Lakshan M. T. D. , Drahaman A. M. P. , Perera M. B. 
Published: March 2021

IntroductionSudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as an acute hearing loss occurring within the period of three days (3) with the least magnitude of 30dB or more in three or more contiguous frequencies. Optimum management of SSNHL is disputed. This article attempts to review current literature on the subject and propose a protocol of management. MethodsLatest guidelines on the SSNHL were accessed through Google Scholar database and reviewed for appropriateness. Studies assessing the management options were included. Efficacy of interventions were assessed, and recommendations made. Results17 publications including European Consensus Document and AAO HNS recommendation were assessed. Conclusions1. Systemic steroids use has a clear definitive recommendation in unison.2. Intratympanic steroid use has been proposed mainly for salvage therapy.3. Combined modality treatment options have been used with mixed outcome.4. Based on the findings a protocol for management of SSNHL is proposed.
An Exploratory Study on the Psychological and Epigenetic Correlates of Internet Addiction
Authors: Cerniglia Luca , Cimino Silvia , Lodha Pragya , Karia Sagar , Desousa Avinash 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The dopamine active transporter (DAT) gene has been implicated in various psychiatric disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and externalizing behaviors. Studies on the methylation loci of DAT and Internet addiction (IA) are sparse. The study aimed to look at the association between various methylation loci of the DAT gene and IA, impulsivity, and other related variables.

Methodology:
Thirty-two youths with 10/10 genotype of DAT gene were administered the IA Test, Barratt's Impulsivity Scale (BIS), and Adult Self-Report Scale and using buccal swab methylation loci 1–7 of DAT gene were assessed. The data were analyzed by a correlation between various variables and a multiple regression analysis.

Results:
It was noted that the met5 allele (r = 0.844, P < 0.01) and met7 allele (r = 0.517, P = 0.01) correlated with DAT MEDIA scores. The total scores on the BIS and Internet Addiction Scale (IAS) also showed a positive correlation (r = 0.641, P = 0.01). Positive correlations were also noted between the scores on IAS and rule-breaking behavior as well as withdrawn behavior. Similar positive correlations were found between total scores on the BIS and rule-breaking behavior, withdrawn behavior, and intrusive behavior.

Conclusions:
Further studies in larger samples are needed to draw conclusions on the relationship between DAT gene methylation loci and IA or impulsivity.
Organizing online faculty development programs to strengthen medical education in India: Need of the hour
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh , Shrivastava Prateek 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThere is an immense need to improve the skills of curricula delivery by training medical teachers. There arises the need to periodically train teachers through faculty development programs (FDPs). In fact, FDPs in the field of medical education have been acknowledged as an important component for the acquisition of skills for new faculty, for refinement of skills, and for better delivery of the medical curriculum. The implementation of online FDPs is a better option for improving the skills of medical teachers. These programs expose faculty to the domain of e-learning, which in itself is an important domain in medical education. However, the existing challenges in the smooth conduction of online FDPs cannot be ignored, and we have to support the staff in the smooth organization of these much-needed courses. In conclusion, online FDPs have the potential to enhance the skills and transform the effectiveness of medical teachers in their teaching–learning sessions and in their professional careers. Amidst the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has become the need of the hour to conduct a series of online FDPs and empower faculty members in the domains of teaching–learning, assessment, research, curriculum planning, and evaluation.
Associations between anisometropia and depth of amblyopia in Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Eldressi Sabah , B. Gebril Mariam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Amblyopia is a disorder characterized by a decrease in the best-corrected visual acuity in one or both eyes with no clear structural anomalies or ocular pathology. There are three primary types of amblyopia: anisometropic, strabismic, and sensory deprivation amblyopia. Anisometropic amblyopia occurs in children having a difference in refractive error between the two eyes and occurs in the more ametropic eye. Furthermore, there is a strong association of anisometropia with strabismus. Aim: The study aimed to investigate the association between age, sex, laterality, and type of refractive error on the depth of anisometropic amblyopia. Settings and Design: This was a retrospective (observational) study. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0 software. Materials and Methods: One hundred and nine patient's files with anisometropic amblyopia were investigated, who were followed in a pediatric eye clinic in Sohail Elatrash's eye hospital Benghazi, Libya, between January 2008 and December 2018. Results: There is no effect of the type of gender on the depth amblyopia with P = 0.57. Furthermore, there is no difference in the predominance of amblyopia between the right and left eye (P = 0.93). Age is correlated in a positive manner with the depth of amblyopia (P = 0.035). Conclusions: in our study, eye laterality and gender had no effect on the depth of anisometropic amblyopia. The age and the smallest amount of astigmatism difference between both eyes had a direct proportion on the depth of anisometropic amblyopia.
Reactivity of human antisera to codon optimized SARS-CoV2 viral proteins expressed in Escherichia coli
Authors: Toh Yee-Huan , Huang Yu-Weng , Chang Yo-Chen , Chen Yi-Ting , Hsu Ya-Ting , Lin Guang-Huey 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus continues to pose a serious threat to public health worldwide. The development of rapid diagnostic kits can assist the Tzu Chi Foundation in supporting global volunteers working to provide relief during the current pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, nucleotide sequences derived from publicly available viral genome data for several domains of the SARS-CoV2 spike and nucleocapsid (N) proteins were chemically synthesized, with codon optimization for Escherichia coli protein expression. No actual viral particles were involved in these experiments. The synthesized sequences were cloned into an E. coli expression system based on pQE80L, and expressed viral proteins were subsequently purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. Western blotting was conducted using human antiviral sera to assess the response of codon-modified viral proteins to COVID-19 patient sera.

Results:
N protein was expressed in amounts large enough to support large-scale production. The N-terminal domain, receptor-binding domain (RBD), Region 3, and the S2 domain were expressed in small but sufficient amounts for experiments. Immunoblotting results showed that anti-N IgG and anti-N IgM antibodies were detected in most patient sera, but only 60% of samples reacted with the recombinant RBD and S2 domain expressed by E. coli.

Conclusion:
The results indicated that codon-optimized SARS-CoV2 viral proteins can be expressed in E. coli and purified for rapid antibody detection kit preparation, with the codon-optimized N protein, RBD, and S2 protein demonstrating the most potential.
Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of ShuXueNing Injection Employing Quantitative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprint and Chemometrics
Authors: Zhang Yu , Xu Xin , Qi Hua-Wen , Liu Yu-Cheng , Dong Jia-Tao , Xi Gui-Cai , Jin Hong-Li , Liu Yan-Fang , Liang Xin-Miao 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
In this study, a comprehensive and effective quality method for evaluating the efficacy of ShuXueNing injection (SXNI) was developed.

Materials and Methods:
Quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint, the quantitative analysis of multicomponents by a single marker (QAMS) method, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to distinguish 53 batches of SXNI samples from 7 manufacturers.

Results:
A total of 53 batches of samples were analyzed to establish antithesis fingerprint of SXNI, and 12 peaks of the common model were collected and used for the similarity analysis. Meanwhile, six index flavonoid components were determined by the QAMS method, using rutin as internal reference substance. The accuracy of the QAMS method was confirmed by investigating the relative deviation between the QAMS method and the traditional external standard method. The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference (RE < 1%), suggesting that QAMS was a reliable and convenient method for the content determination of multiple components. The HCA and OPLS-DA methods drew a similar conclusion. The 53 batches of SXNI samples from 7 manufacturers were categorized into five groups, indicating that chemometrics could reveal the quality differences of SXNI between the manufacturers.

Conclusions:
The method established herein was efficient and successful in assessing the quality of SXNI, and that it may be potentially employed in the quality control of related products composed of Ginkgo biloba extract.
Evaluasi Kinerja Internal PT.Kimia Farma untuk Menjaga Keterampilan dan Motivasi Sumber Daya Manusia
Authors: Dwiki Cahyo Yudiantoro  , Bambang Soedijono WA  , Ferry Wahyu Wibowo  
Published: March 2021

Pada era modern, suatu sistem pengendalian internal tidak lepas dari perkembangan teknologi informasi. Ketika suatu bisnis perusahaan berkembang dan kebutuhan akan informasi meningkat, biasanya perusahaan akan meningkatkan sistem teknologi informasinya dan teknologi merupakan salah satu prioritas utama dalam pengendalian internal pada suatu organisasi atau perusahaan. Perkembangan teknologi informasi saat ini sangatlah cepat dan memberikan manfaat yang positif bagi perusahaan. Peranan teknologi informasi dibutuhkan untuk kemajuan perusahaan dalam proses pengembangan bisnis dan perolehan informasi yang cepat, akurat, dan dapat dipercaya. Untuk mengetahui keselarasan teknologi informasi dan menjaga motivasi kinerja karyawannya serta peran teknologi itu sendiri, dilperlukannya audit pada suatu perusahaan atau organisasi terebut. Hal ini dilakukan agar mendapatkan hasil keputusan yang baik berdasarkan hasil audit dalam organisasi atau perusahaan tersebut. Objek penelitian yang penulis ambil disini adalah PT. Kimia Farma pada tahun 2019 dengan menggunakan Framework COBIT 4.1 dan dengan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara serta kuisioner yang dibagikan kepada pihak yang terkait. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui menjaga nilai keterampilan dan motivasi sumber daya manusia pada PT. Kimia Farma serta diharapkan agar kualitas dan sumber daya manusia akan terus terjaga dan semakin membaik.
O contexto da educação ambiental no ensino de química
Authors: Ernst Daniela Carolina , Wolff Ariéle Dorneles , Kauffmann Luciane , Gonçalves Soares Luciano 
Published: March 2021

A Educação Ambiental é atividade integradora e interdisciplinar, de valores voltados à construção de novas posições éticas e sociais. No contexto atual, sua discussão e mediação ficam sob responsabilidade da escola e de seus agentes, como consta na Política Nacional de Educação Ambiental (Lei n° 9.795/99). A análise documental pretendeu verificar os conteúdos de Educação Ambiental nos Livros Didáticos de Química do 1º, 2 º e 3º anos, que são utilizados no Ensino Médio Integrado do curso Técnico em Química no Instituto Federal Farroupilha, campus Panambi (IFFAR). Com a análise e a identificação dos excertos, discutimos as possíveis relações com a Educação Ambiental para a formação cidadã, como forma de contribuição para a ampliação das discussões dessa temática. A partir do desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foi possível perceber a importância de se trabalhar a Educação Ambiental de maneira transversal, entendendo que a formação cidadã precisa perpassar todas as disciplinas, que ela não pode ser trabalhada unicamente pelas aulas de Química e Biologia, mas precisa ser discutida em todas as matérias.