bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of breast cancer treatment using Gentiana robusta: evidence from comprehensive bioinformatics investigation
Authors: Xiong Bo , Zhang Xinxin , Sangji Dongzhi , Ni Lianghong , Fan Mingjie , Fan Beibei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the potential treatment of breast cancer utilizing Gentiana robusta King ex Hook. f. (QJ) through an integrated approach involving network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Building upon prior research on QJ’s chemical constituents, we conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis using the DAVID database. Network interactions and core genes were identified using Cytoscape 3.9.1. Key target genes, including Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour suppressor gene P53 (TP53), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), were selected for molecular docking with QJ’s active components, 2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-gentiopicroside and macrophylloside D, employing Schrodinger Maestro 13.5. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed using the Desmond program. A total of 270 intersection targets of active ingredients and diseases were identified, with three core targets determined through network topology screening. Enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of QJ in breast cancer treatment, primarily through the hsa05200 cancer signaling pathway and the hsa04066 HIF-1 signaling pathway. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations demonstrated the close interaction of 2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-gentiopicroside (QJ17) and macrophylloside D (QJ25) with IL6, TP53, and EGFR, and other target genes, showcasing a stabilizing effect. In conclusion, this study unveils the effective components and potential mechanisms of 2′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-gentiopicroside and macrophylloside D in breast cancer prevention and treatment. The identified components act on target genes such as IL6, TP53, and EGFR, regulating crucial pathways including the cancer signaling and Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathways. These findings provide valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of QJ in breast cancer management. However, further experimental research are needed to validate the computational findings of QJ.
Continual deep reinforcement learning with task-agnostic policy distillation
Authors: Hafez Muhammad Burhan , Erekmen Kerim 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCentral to the development of universal learning systems is the ability to solve multiple tasks without retraining from scratch when new data arrives. This is crucial because each task requires significant training time. Addressing the problem of continual learning necessitates various methods due to the complexity of the problem space. This problem space includes: (1) addressing catastrophic forgetting to retain previously learned tasks, (2) demonstrating positive forward transfer for faster learning, (3) ensuring scalability across numerous tasks, and (4) facilitating learning without requiring task labels, even in the absence of clear task boundaries. In this paper, the Task-Agnostic Policy Distillation (TAPD) framework is introduced. This framework alleviates problems (1)–(4) by incorporating a task-agnostic phase, where an agent explores its environment without any external goal and maximizes only its intrinsic motivation. The knowledge gained during this phase is later distilled for further exploration. Therefore, the agent acts in a self-supervised manner by systematically seeking novel states. By utilizing task-agnostic distilled knowledge, the agent can solve downstream tasks more efficiently, leading to improved sample efficiency. Our code is available at the repository: https://github.com/wabbajack1/TAPD.
Globisporangium tabrizense sp. nov., Globisporangium mahabadense sp. nov., and Pythium bostanabadense sp. nov. (Oomycota), three new species from Iranian aquatic environments
Authors: Ahadi Reza , Bouket Ali Chenari , Alizadeh Alireza , Masigol Hossein , Grossart Hans-Peter 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDuring a survey on the biodiversity of oomycetes in aquatic environments in northwest Iran (East Azarbaijan and West Azarbaijan provinces), three Pythium and four Globisporangium isolates were recovered from agricultural water pools and irrigation canals, respectively. Through a polyphasic approach combining morphology and phylogenetic analysis using the nuclear rDNA ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 (ITS) and partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and II (COX1 and COX2), three novel species were identified namely Globisporangium tabrizense sp. nov., G. mahabadense sp. nov., and Pythium bostanabadense sp. nov. Furthermore, experiments confirmed the pathogenicity of all identified species on cucumber seedlings, suggesting a pathogenic lifestyle also in aquatic systems. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the diversity, host range and distribution of oomycetes genera Globisporangium and Pythium in northwestern Iran. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided for all species.
A sterilization method for human decellularized vaginal matrices
Authors: Sueters Jayson , de Boer Leonie , Groenman Freek , Huirne Judith A. F. , Smit Theo H. , Zaat Sebastian A. J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVaginal reconstruction is necessary for various congenital and acquired conditions, including vaginal aplasia, trauma, tumors, and gender incongruency. Current surgical and non-surgical treatments often result in significant complications. Decellularized vaginal matrices (DVMs) from human tissue offer a promising alternative, but require effective sterilization to ensure safety and functionality. This study aimed to develop a sterilization method for decellularized human vaginal wall scaffolds. Based on our previously implemented decellularization technique with minor modifications, we designed and examined three sterilization methods consisting of (i) chemical decellularization, (ii) decellularization with additional peracetic acid/hydrogen peroxide (PAA/H2O2); (iii) decellularization with antibiotic and antimycotic (AAE) based treatment. Sterilization efficacy was evaluated through controlled contamination with common vaginal microbes and sterility testing subsequent to each sterilization method. The extracellular matrix (ECM) structure was assessed via histological staining. Decellularization alone reduced some added bacterial contaminants but did not achieve complete sterilization. PAA/H2O2-sterilization resulted in severe ECM damage, rendering it unsuitable. The AAE-treatment demonstrated effective sterilization without compromising the ECM structure. Combined decellularization and AAE-based treatment forms a viable sterilization method for human vaginal wall tissue, maintaining ECM integrity and achieving effective micro-organism elimination. This method holds potential for clinical application in vaginal transplantation.
Pharmacokinetics of tebipenem pivoxil used in children suffering from shigellosis: a pilot study in Bangladesh
Authors: Nuzhat Sharika , Islam Md Ridwan , Bashar Syed Jayedul , Das Subhasish , Amin Rukaeya , Qadri Firdausi , Khanam Farhana , Ahmed Dilruba , Pavlinac Patricia B. , Zhang Cindy X. , Arnold Samuel L. M. , Newlands Amy , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith increasing antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria, including those causing Shigellosis, evidence of safety and pharmacokinetics data on new oral antibiotics is crucial. We aimed to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetic properties of an oral carbapenem, tebipenem pivoxil, along with it’s ability to produce desired results in childhood shigellosis. This randomized pilot clinical trial was conducted at Dhaka Hospital, icddr,b in 2022 between May and September. Thirty suspected shigellosis cases aged 24–59 months were randomized across two treatment groups equally: tebipenem pivoxil and azithromycin. Pharmacokinetics of tebipenem was assessed among fifteen children who received tebipenem pivoxil using Noncompartmental analysis (NCA). Clinical (absence of fever, abdominal pain/tenderness, diarrhoea, blood in stool, or death before Day-3) and microbiological (absence of Shigella on Day-7 culture) success after the antibiotic interventions were also evaluated. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between the randomization arms. Twelve children, each in the azithromycin arm and tebipenem arm, were positive for Shigella by culture on enrolment. Cmax values of 5053.3, 2546.0, and 3759.2 ng/mL were observed for plasma tebipenem on Day-0, 1, and 2 respectively. Clinical success was observed among seven participants in each arm while two in the azithromycin arm and three in the tebipenem arm failed microbiologically. The tolerability and efficaciousness of tebipenem pivoxil appear to be comparable to azithromycin in treating childhood shigellosis in Bangladesh. We recommend a larger clinical trial to determine non-inferiority of tebipenem in regards to the current treatment guidelines.
A topic modeling approach for analyzing and categorizing electronic healthcare documents in Afaan Oromo without label information
Authors: Dinsa Etana Fikadu , Das Mrinal , Abebe Teklu Urgessa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAfaan Oromo is a resource-scarce language with limited tools developed for its processing, posing significant challenges for natural language tasks. The tools designed for English do not work efficiently for Afaan Oromo due to the linguistic differences and lack of well-structured resources. To address this challenge, this work proposes a topic modeling framework for unstructured health-related documents in Afaan Oromo using latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) algorithms. All collected documents lack label information, which poses significant challenges for categorizing the documents and applying the supervised learning methods. So, we utilize the LDA model since it offers solutions to this problem by allowing discovery of the latent topics of the documents without requiring the predefined labels. The model takes a word dictionary to extract hidden topics by evaluating word patterns and distributions across the dataset. Then it extracts the most relevant document topics and generates weight values for each word in the documents per topic. Next, we classify the topics using the represented keyword as input and assign class labels based on human evaluations topic coherence. This model could be applied to classifying medical documents and used to find specialists who best suitable for patients’ requests from the obtained information. As a conclusion of our findings, the topic modeling using LDA gave the promised value of 79.17% accuracy and 79.66% F1 score for test documents of the dataset.
Adaptation portfolio – a multi-measure framework for future floods and droughts
Authors: Padiyedath Gopalan Saritha , Hanasaki Naota , Champathong Adisorn , Oki Taikan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAdaptation is critically important for coping with climate change. However, quantitative studies on which adaptation measures should be taken to maintain the present water risk level in the context of climate change have been explored little, particularly at large basin scales. Here, we devised three adaptation portfolios composed of combinations of measures to alleviate floods and drought with explicit basin-wide modelling in the Chao Phraya River basin, Thailand. Two portfolios mitigated future water scarcity to the present level but failed to eliminate extreme floods. The remaining portfolio with basin-wide reforestation substantially reduced the number of future flooding days but enhanced the number of drought months to 3–6 months a year, resulting from increased evapotranspiration by 7–11%. Overall, future flood adaptation remains challenging even in highly regulated rivers. We also observed that adaptation effects differ substantially by sub-basins. It highlights the necessity of spatio-temporal detailed impact modelling, including multiple adaptation measures.
Earthquakes yes, disasters no
Authors: Ismail-Zadeh Alik 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo answer the question of why seismic hazards turn into disasters, I provide here an overview of studies on the lithosphere dynamics, seismic hazard assessments, earthquake-triggered hazards, forecasting of large earthquakes, vulnerability and resilience assessments, and risk communication. Knowledge gaps in these fields are discussed. Integrated research on risks of earthquake-triggered disasters is essential in producing useful and usable knowledge for informed decision-making to reduce disaster risks.
An In-Depth Examination of Phytochemicals and Medicinal Uses on Morus alba
Authors: Dubey Roshan Kumar , Shukla Satyam , Shukla Prashant 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Morus alba, commonly known as white mulberry, is a plant renowned for its diverse range of bioactive compounds that confer numerous health benefits. This review explores the plant's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardiovascular, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and antimicrobial properties. The antioxidant effects, primarily attributed to flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids, help mitigate oxidative stress and protect against various diseases. The anti-inflammatory properties reduce chronic inflammation, while the anticancer compounds induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth. Morus alba's cardiovascular benefits include improved endothelial function and lipid metabolism. Its neuroprotective effects protect the brain from oxidative damage and neuroinflammation, supporting cognitive function. The hepatoprotective activity enhances liver health and prevents damage from toxins. Additionally, the plant's antimicrobial properties make it effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens. Overall, Morus alba holds significant potential as a natural therapeutic agent, with applications in both traditional and modern medicines.
Research on the Preparation Process of Mahuang Xixin Fuzi Decoction Granules
Authors: Cao Lingli , Wang Congying , Feng Yinman 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the preparation process of Mahuang Xixin Fuzi decoction granules based on the clinical pharmacological effects of the classic formulas and to control the quality of the product.
Methods An orthogonal experimental design was used, with extraction yield and transfer rate of key ingredients as evaluation indicators, to optimize the extraction process of Mahuang Xixin Fuzi decoction. The granulation process was optimized based on indicators such as granule formation rate, dissolution rate, and moisture absorption rate.
Results The optimal extraction process for Mahuang Xixin Fuzi decoction was determined as the following: using 10 times the amount of water to soak for 30 minutes, extracting three times, each for 60 minutes, with a concentrated extract relative density of 1.3 g/mL. A mixture of dextrin and starch at a 1:2 ratio was used as a binder for wet granulation. The granule formation rate, dissolution time, and dilution rate of three repeated batches showed relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 1.48, 2.83, and 1.55%.
Conclusion This method is stable and feasible, providing valuable data for the industrial production of Mahuang Xixin Fuzi decoction granules and further research on this formulation.
The Effect of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae Extract on the p38MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Insomniac Rats
Authors: Ji Mingyu , Xiong Wei , Xu Zijing , Zhang Peipei , Li Shuyu , Wang Qian , Jia Dexian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective The objective of the study was to explore whether Suanzaoren (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, SZS) extract could improve insomnia by inhibiting the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway.
Methods Forty SPF-grade Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were included in the study, with 10 randomly selected rats serving as the control group. The remaining rats were injected intraperitoneally with p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) for 6 days to establish an insomnia model. After successful modeling, the rats were divided into the model group, SZS extract group (3.0 g/kg), and zopiclone group (1.25 g/kg). The rats in the SZS extract and zopiclone groups were administered with the corresponding drugs via gavage for 7 days, while the rats in the control and model groups received distilled water. Sleep latency and sleep duration were recorded, and behavioral changes were observed through elevated plus-maze and open field tests. The levels of oxidative stress markers and serum inflammatory factors were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of p38 MAPK, p-p38MAPK, p-NF-κBp65, and NF-κBp65 protein in the cerebral cortex were detected by Western blot. Neuronal structures in the cerebral cortex were observed under a transmission electron microscope.
Results Compared with the control group, the model group exhibited abnormal appearances, significant body mass loss (p < 0.001), prolonged sleep latency and shortened sleep duration (p < 0.001). The SZS extract and zopiclone groups showed significant improvements in these parameters compared with the model group. Compared with the control group, the model group showed significant reduction in total movement distance (p < 0.001), fewer entries into the central zone (p < 0.01), and significant decrease in rearing frequency (p < 0.001); the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and carnitine acetyltransferase (CT) in the hippocampus were significantly reduced (p < 0.001); the serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the expression levels of p-p38MAPK and p-NF-κBp65 in the cerebral cortex were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the SZS extract group showed significant increase in movement distance (p < 0.01) and rearing frequency (p < 0.001), significantly increased the GSH-Px and CT levels (p < 0.001), and decreased the IL-1β and TNF-α levels (p < 0.01); furthermore, the SZS extract group showed a significantly reduced p-p38MAPK and p-NF-κBp65 levels (p < 0.05). The SZS extract group showed significant improvement in the neuronal structure compared with the model group.
Conclusion SZS extract can inhibit the p38MAPK/NF-KB signaling pathway to improve insomnia.
A novel circular two-party semiquantum private comparison of size relationship based on d-level single-particle state without any preshared key
Authors: Shi Yan-Hua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to cut down the resource expended by the preshared key, this paper uses

d

-level single-particle states to design a novel circular two-party semiquantum private comparison scheme with a quantum semi-honest third party who does not need any preshared key. This scheme is capable of determining the size relationship of two integer sequences from two semiquantum communicants. The traveling particles are transmitted in a circular way. This protocol does not use quantum entangled states, quantum entanglement swapping, unitary operations or delay lines. This protocol does not require the semiquantum communicants to use any quantum memory either. Its security toward external attacks and internal attacks is fairly good.
Light Pollution Monitoring Through Zenithal Sky Brightness at Selected Malaysian Observatories
Authors: Bely Ahmad Hariz , Umar Roslan , Sabri Nor Hazmin , Abidin Zamri Zainal , Nasir Ahmad Lutfi Afifi Mohamad , Ismail Ihsanuddin , Hussaini Razalie , Zulkifli Emma Zulaiha , Rakhmadi Arwin Juli 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sky brightness magnitude is crucial for optical astronomical observations that require the dark skies area. This study focuses on the effect of artificial light pollution on astronomical observations by measuring the zenithal brightness at some selected observatories in Malaysia. Data were collected from eight observatories representing both pristine and rural areas using the Sky Quality Meter (SQM). The results show huge differences in sky brightness levels like pristine areas such as Balai Cerap KUSZA, Terengganu and the suggestion site Pusat Astronomi Borneo, Sarawak have less light pollution, making them ideal for astronomical observatory. On the other hand, due to surrounding urban growth and artificial light, rural observatories such as Stesen Hilal Permandangan Indah in Langkawi and Tapak Cerapan Bukit Geliga, Terengganu have low sky brightness. The study shows how urbanization has a significant impact and how artificial light pollution control are needed to maintain the quality of astronomical observations in Malaysia.
Astrophysical study of dust collision using molecular dynamics method: an overview
Authors: Rosandi Yudi , Urbassek Herbert M. , Nietiadi Maureen L. , Alfaridzi Raihan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Understanding dust collisions in astrophysical environments is essential for comprehending the formation and evolution of cosmic structures, such as planetary rings and interstellar clouds. This article reviews briefly studies on dust collision dynamics using the molecular dynamics (MD) method during the early stages of protoplanet formation. By simulating interactions at the atomic and molecular levels, researchers have actively explored the fundamental processes governing dust aggregation and fragmentation. This method incorporates essential aspects such as surface energy and viscoelastic behavior through interaction potentials between atomic particles. MD simulations cover a wide range of physical conditions, including varying impact velocities, particle sizes, and material compositions, to provide a thorough understanding of collision outcomes. The results identify critical thresholds for sticking, bouncing, and fragmentation, enhancing broader astrophysical models of dust evolution. This work underscores the significance of cohesive forces and material properties in determining collision behavior. The presented model involves the collision of two dust aggregates, each consisting of a few million atomic particles, at impact velocities around the threshold value, known as the bouncing velocity (Vb
), evaluated using the macroscopic Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) model. The model material mainly consists of silica, as the main material of rocky planets and water, which is widely distributed across the solar system. The findings demonstrate the range of validity of the JKR theory at the atomic scale, influenced by the complexity of the internal structure of the colliding agents. These insights contribute to our understanding of dust growth mechanisms in protoplanetary disks, advancing knowledge of cosmic dust dynamics and its implications for planet formation and the interstellar medium. The simulation data can also refine larger-scale modeling methods, such as granular mechanics.