bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atuação da enfermagem no cuidado aos pacientes em sofrimento mental na Estratégia de Saúde da Famí­lia
Authors: Mussumeci Paula Amaral , Chaves Sandra Maria do Amaral , Rodrigues Nayanna de Almeida Nassif , Felipe Luiz Alberto de Freitas , Guimarães Clarissa Coelho Vieira , Aguiar Beatriz Gerbassi Costa 
Published: January 2021

Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como objetivo identificar e analisar as práticas de saúde mental desenvolvidas pelas enfermeiras que atuam na Estratégia de Saúde da Famí­lia (ESF) do municí­pio de Rio das Ostras. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevista semiestruturada com 7 enfermeiras que atuam na atenção primária í saúde do municí­pio de Rio das Ostras. Os resultados mostraram práticas de trabalho com a equipe de matriciamento, educação permanente, acolhimento, visitas domiciliares, encaminhamentos, oficinas terapêuticas e terapia comunitária. A visão das enfermeiras entrevistadas sobre a prática profissional em saúde mental está relacionada í promoção em saúde mental, estabelecimento do ví­nculo com o paciente, e a capacitação das enfermeiras para o atendimento em saúde mental. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Palavras-chave: Enfermagem, saúde mental, Estratégia de Saúde da Famí­lia.Â
Nälkävuosien tunnehallinto, Z. Topeliuksen ”Septembernatten” (1867) ja K. A. Tavaststjernan Hårda tider (1891)
Authors: Rossi Riikka 
Published: January 2021

Kaunokirjallisuudella oli keskeinen rooli 1860-luvun nälkäkatastrofin syiden, seurausten ja kokemusten sanallistamisessa, ja kirjallisuus vaikutti suomalaisen historiankirjoituksen tulkintoihin nälkävuosista. Artikkelissa lähestytään 1860-luvun nälkävuosia kuvaavaa kirjallisuutta tunteiden tutkimuksen näkökulmasta. Tarkastelen Axet-antologiassa (1867) ilmestyneen Zacharias Topeliuksen runon ”Septembernatten” ja K. A. Tavaststjernan romaanin Hårda tider. Berättelse från Finlands sista nödår (1891) tunnevaikutuksia ja tutkin näiden tunnevaikutusten poliittisia ja moraalisia asetelmia nälkävuosien historiaan peilaten.
Topeliuksen runoa voi pitää ajan kristillis-isänmaallista tunnehallintoa ilmentävänä ja rakentavana tekstinä, jossa keskiössä on kollektiivinen syyllisyys: luonnonkatastrofi kuvataan Jumalan rangaistuksena kansakunnan maallistumisesta. Lukijaan vaikutetaan pelon tunteella, ja runon empatia on luonteeltaan vallitsevaa yhteiskuntajärjestystä vahvistavaa. Rakkautta kuvataan vastavuoroisuutta edellyttävänä lahjana ja köyhyys ylevöitetään onnellisuuden ja liikuttuneisuuden tunteilla. Tavaststjernan romaanissa esille nousevat kulttuurisesti rumat tunteet ja moraalisesti ristiriitaiset henkilöhahmot, jotka haastavat lukijaa kohtaamaan velvoittavan isänmaanrakkauden ja helpon myötä-tunnon ehdot. Ironinen kerronta kyseenalaistaa nälkävuosien politiikkaa, ilmaisee moraalista halveksuntaa sekä provosoi voimakkaita tunteita oletetussa lukijassa. Ironian merkitys on romaanissa sekä nationalismin tunnehallintoa purkava että uutta tunneyhteisöä rakentava. Lukijaa haastetaan kollektiiviseen vastuuntuntoon nälkäkriisistä.
Triphasic waves on electroencephalogram in patients with encephalopathy and their diagnosis significance. A review
Authors: Baranova E. A. , Sinkin M. V. 
Published: January 2021

Triphasic waves are high-amplitude (>70 µV) positive sharp transients preceded and followed by relatively low-amplitude negative waves. The distribution is generalized and tends to have a repetition rate of approximately 1 to 2 Hz. This EEG-pattern is traditionally associated with hepatic encephalopathy, although they have been observed in a wide array of neurological disorders including subcortical white-matter disease, infections, metabolic disturbances and nonconvulsive status epilepticus.American Clinical Neurophysiology Society suggested Standardized Critical Care EEG Terminology (2012). One of the goals was to eliminate terms with clinical connotations, such as ‘triphasic waves’, a term that implies a metabolic encephalopathy with no relationship to seizures for many clinicians. The term ‘triphasic waves’ was replaced by ‘Generalized periodic discharges (GPDs) with triphasic morphology’. The clinical significance ofthese waveforms and their relationship with seizures and prognosis has been debated, and differentiation between interictal patterns, patternsassociated with seizures, and the patterns representing nonconvulsive status epilepticus have been concluded to be a challenge. In cases of uncertainty, the decision to treat should follow on a thorough evaluation with a continuous EEG monitoring and using a short-acting benzodiazepine or non-sedating antiepileptic drugs in order to discern the effects of the pattern on the patient’s clinical exam and EEG.
Microbiota-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-Oxide Protects Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism and Cardiac Functionality in a Rat Model of Right Ventricle Heart Failure
Authors: Videja Melita , Vilskersts Reinis , Korzh Stanislava , Cirule Helena , Sevostjanovs Eduards , Dambrova Maija , Makrecka-Kuka Marina 
Published: January 2021

Aim: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite synthesized in host organisms from specific food constituents, such as choline, carnitine and betaine. During the last decade, elevated TMAO levels have been proposed as biomarkers to estimate the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, there is still no consensus about the role of TMAO in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease since regular consumption of TMAO-rich seafood (i.e., a Mediterranean diet) is considered to be beneficial for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term TMAO administration on mitochondrial energy metabolism in an experimental model of right ventricle heart failure.Methods: TMAO was administered to rats at a dose of 120 mg/kg in their drinking water for 10 weeks. Then, a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (MCT) (60 mg/kg) was administered to induce right ventricular dysfunction, and treatment with TMAO was continued (experimental groups: Control; TMAO; MCT; TMAO+MCT). After 4 weeks, right ventricle functionality was assessed by echocardiography, mitochondrial function and heart failure-related gene and protein expression was determined.Results: Compared to the control treatment, the administration of TMAO (120 mg/kg) for 14 weeks increased the TMAO concentration in cardiac tissues up to 14 times. MCT treatment led to impaired mitochondrial function and decreased right ventricular functional parameters. Although TMAO treatment itself decreased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation-dependent respiration, no effect on cardiac functionality was observed. Long-term TMAO administration prevented MCT-impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism by preserving fatty acid oxidation and subsequently decreasing pyruvate metabolism. In the experimental model of right ventricle heart failure, the impact of TMAO on energy metabolism resulted in a tendency to restore right ventricular function, as indicated by echocardiographic parameters and normalized organ-to-body weight indexes. Similarly, the expression of a marker of heart failure severity, brain natriuretic peptide, was substantially increased in the MCT group but tended to be restored to control levels in the TMAO+MCT group.Conclusion: Elevated TMAO levels preserve mitochondrial energy metabolism and cardiac functionality in an experimental model of right ventricular heart failure, suggesting that under specific conditions TMAO promotes metabolic preconditioning-like effects.
Mycobacterium avium Modulates the Protective Immune Response in Canine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Kim Suji , Park Hyun-Eui , Park Woo Bin , Kim Seo Yihl , Park Hong-Tae , Yoo Han Sang 
Published: January 2021

Mycobacterium avium, an opportunistic intracellular pathogen, is a member of the non-tuberculous mycobacteria species. M. avium causes respiratory disease in immunosuppressed individuals and a wide range of animals, including companion dogs and cats. In particular, the number of infected companion dogs has increased, although the underlying mechanism of M. avium pathogenesis in dogs has not been studied. Therefore, in the present study, the host immune response against M. avium in dogs was investigated by transcriptome analysis of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. M. avium was shown to induce different immune responses in canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells at different time points after infection. The expression of Th1-associated genes occurred early during M. avium infection, while that of Th17-associated genes increased after 12 h. In addition, the expression of apoptosis-related genes decreased and the abundance of intracellular M. avium increased in monocyte-derived macrophages after infection for 24 h. These results reveal the M. avium induces Th17 immune response and avoids apoptosis in infected canine cells. As the number of M. avium infection cases increases, the results of the present study will contribute to a better understanding of host immune responses to M. avium infection in companion dogs.
Establishment and Application of a Dual-Labeling Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay Method for Simultaneous Detection of the Troponin I-C Complex and Full-Size-Troponin I
Authors: Huang Biao , Wu Jian , Chen Hao , Zhang Li , Zhou Xiumei , Wu Qingqing , Li Ting , Wang Yigang , Xia Penguo , Dai Yaping , Kai Guoyin , Liu Pengfei , Pei Hao 
Published: January 2021

Background: The measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is widely used in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Although existing cTnI detection methods measure total cTnI, the significance of undegraded full-size-cTnI levels is still not well-understood. In this study, we have established a novel dual-labeling time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) technique that simultaneously detects the cTnI-C complex and full-size-cTnI, allowing us to explore the clinical value of full-size-cTnI determination.Methods: An antibody against the 23–43 amino acid region of cTnI protected by endogenous cTnC is coupled to magnetic beads to provide a solid-phase antibody for capturing all cTnI. An antibody against cTnC in the cTnI-C complex labeled with Eu3+ was used to detect the cTnI-C complex, and an antibody labeled with Sm3+ near the C-terminal 190–203 amino acids of cTnI was used to detect full-size-cTnI. Through dual-labeling TRFIA, cTnI-C complex, full-size-cTnI, and the full-size-cTnI/cTnI-C ratio can be detected simultaneously. The dual-labeling TRFIA technique was used to analyze serum samples collected at different times during treatment and compare their full-size-cTnI/cTnI-C ratios.Results: The sensitivity for the cTnI-C-TRFIA complex was 0.02 ng/mL, the measurement range was 0.02–40 ng/mL, the average intra-batch coefficient of variation (CV) was 4.35%, and the inter-average CV was 6.23%. The correlation coefficient between cTnI-C-TRFIA and commercial cTnI-CLIA methods was R2 = 0.8887. The sensitivity for full-size-cTnI-TRFIA was 0.04 ng/mL, the measurement range was 0.04–40 ng/mL, the average intra-batch CV was 4.95%, and the average inter-batch CV was 7.79%. The correlation coefficient between full-size-cTnI-TRFIA and commercial cTnI-CLIA methods was R2 = 0.7247.Conclusions: Dual-labeling full-size-cTnI/cTnI-C-TRFIA analysis is helpful for determining the length of time of chest pain before admission and the degree of continuous release of cTnI in the myocardium. Thus, it is more for early prognosis than just detecting cTnI.
Characteristics of the Electrocardiogram in Japanese Fabry Patients Under Long-Term Enzyme Replacement Therapy
Authors: Morimoto Satoshi , Nojiri Ayumi , Fukuro Eiko , Anan Ikuko , Kawai Makoto , Sakurai Ken , Kobayashi Masahisa , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Ida Hiroyuki , Ohashi Toya , Shibata Takahiro , Yoshimura Michihiro , Eto Yoshikatsu , Hongo Kenichi 
Published: January 2021

Objective: An electrocardiogram (ECG) is an important tool for demonstrating cardiac manifestations in various heart diseases. The present study clarified the characteristics of ECG parameters in Japanese Fabry patients under long-term enzyme replacement therapy (ERT).Methods: We analyzed the ECGs of 40 Fabry patients (male, n = 17; female, n = 23) before and after treatment with ERT. To evaluate the atrio-ventricular conduction, the PQ interval, corrected PQ and PQ minus P-wave in lead II (Pend-Q) were calculated. The QRS duration, QTc, Sokolow-Lyon index, and strain pattern were also examined.Results: At the baseline, the shortening of the PQ interval, corrected PQ and Pend-Q was identified in 7.5, 25.0, and 47.5% of cases, respectively. The prolongation of QRS duration and QTc was found in 7.5 and 40.0% of cases, respectively. The strain pattern was mainly identified in female patients, irrespective of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). During long-term ERT, the PQ interval, corrected PQ and Pend-Q did not change significantly. The QRS duration was significantly prolonged in both genders, whereas the QTc was significantly prolonged only in male patients. A subgroup analysis revealed that the prolongation of the QRS duration and QTc only occurred in male patients with LVH and only occurred in female patients with the classical type mutation. The prevalence of the strain was significantly increased only in male patients with LVH.Conclusions: These results suggest that the shortening of the Pend-Q is a specific finding in Japanese Fabry patients, and the strain pattern without LVH in female patients can be considered Fabry disease. During long-term ERT, prolongation of the QRS duration and QTc can indicate the progression of myocardial damage in male patients with LVH and in female patients with the classical type mutation.
The Triglyceride-Glucose Index, an Insulin Resistance Marker, Was Non-linear Associated With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in the General Population
Authors: Liu Xiao-cong , He Guo-dong , Lo Kenneth , Huang Yu-qing , Feng Ying-qing 
Published: January 2021

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index could serve as a convenient substitute of insulin resistance (IR), but epidemiological evidence on its relationship with the long-term risk of mortality is limited.Methods: Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 1999–2014 were grouped according to TyG index (&lt;8, 8–9, 9–10, &gt;10). Cox regression was conducted to compute the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Restricted cubic spline and piecewise linear regression were performed to detect the shape of the relationship between TyG index and mortality.Results: A total of 19,420 participants (48.9% men) were included. On average, participants were followed-up for 98.2 months, and 2,238 (11.5%) and 445 (2.3%) cases of mortality due to all-cause or cardiovascular disease were observed. After adjusting for confounders, TyG index was independently associated with an elevated risk of all-cause (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00–1.20) and cardiovascular death (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05–1.57). Spline analyses showed that the relationship of TyG index with mortality was non-linear (All non-linear P &lt; 0.001), and the threshold value were 9.36 for all-cause and 9.52 for cardiovascular death, respectively. The HRs above the threshold point were 1.50 (95% CI, 1.29–1.75) and 2.35 (95% CI, 1.73–3.19) for all-cause and cardiovascular death. No significant difference was found below the threshold points (All P &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: Elevated TyG index reflected a more severe IR and was associated with mortality due to all-cause and cardiovascular disease in a non-linear manner.
High-Resolution Environmental Magnetism Using the Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM): Application to a Tropical Speleothem
Authors: Fu Roger R. , Hess Kimberly , Jaqueto Plinio , Novello Valdir F. , Kukla Tyler , Trindade Ricardo I. F. , Stríkis Nicolás M. , Cruz Francisco W. , Ben Dor Oren 
Published: January 2021

Quantum diamond microscope (QDM) magnetic field imaging is a recently developed technique capable of mapping magnetic field sources in geologic samples at 1 micrometer resolution. Applying QDM imaging to speleothems can provide high‐resolution time series of detrital input into the cave environment, which, in turn, can yield useful paleoenvironmental information. Here we map the magnetic field over a speleothem from midwest Brazil over a 174 year timespan with annual to sub-annual resolution and perform backfield remanence acquisition experiments to quantify changes in the magnetic grain population through time. We find that magnetic particles occur in highly enriched layers of 10–100 µm thickness that sample the same detrital source population. Combined with petrographic observations and electron microprobe mapping of Mg and Ca, we conclude that detrital enrichment in our sample is caused by drier conditions leading to slow or halted speleothem growth. This interpretation is compatible with oxygen isotopic data and implies that speleothem magnetism can be used to infer the past occurrence of drought and potentially quantify their duration. Future high-resolution magnetic imaging of speleothems may provide additional insight into the mechanism of detrital enrichment and establish their role as a proxy for local moisture and infiltration.
“Hello, My Name Is Melinda” – Students' Views on a Digital Assistant for Navigation in Digital Learning Environments; A Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Herrmann-Werner Anne , Loda Teresa , Junne Florian , Zipfel Stephan , Madany Mamlouk Amir 
Published: January 2021

Background: The goal of the current investigation was to find out about students attitudes and needs toward the development of a new personal digital assistant (PDA) to help them navigate through an increasingly digital learning environment (DLE). As students have repeatedly been shown to be an especially stress-prone user-group, a PDA serving as a digital secretary might additionally significantly reduce study-related stress.Methods:N = 12 STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) students in various years of study at the University of Luebeck, Germany, participated in the study. A qualitative research design of semi-structured interviews was used with the interviews evaluated according to Mayring's qualitative content analysis using MAXQDA Version 2018.Results: Students being educated in a DLE in many cases report positive as well as negative impacts on communication through progressing digitalisation. In line with previous findings, students indicated several study-related and personal stressors during their academic life, but they also reported a variety of preventive factors such as motivation and interest in their studies as well as social support. When asked specifically about desired functions of a future PDA, students wished for a kind of digital secretary with functions such as recording, calendarisation and automated exam registration.Conclusions: Valuable insights were obtained regarding all areas of interest – DLE, stressors and preventive factors of students being educated within DLE, and ideas regarding the development of a new, student-user-friendly PDA. Previous results from stress research in student samples combined with the insights from the present study support the thought that a PDA combining administrative and counseling functions might be a new idea for students and could potentially complement a simple administrative PDA, additionally helping to provide students with therapeutic or counseling needs.
An Experimental Investigation on the Repairing Performance and Fatigue Life of Asphalt Pavement Potholes With an Inclined Interface Joint
Authors: Li Linyu , Huang Yangquan , Shao Zhutao , Ren Dongya 
Published: January 2021

A pothole is a typical structural damage of asphalt pavements that significantly influence the life of asphalt pavements and driving safety. The durability of the existing pit repair methods is generally low. The existing studies in the context of pothole repair mainly focus on the selection and the amount of tack coat materials, nonetheless, very limited studies emphasize the effect of the joint interface shape. This study aims to investigate the influence of the interface joint shape on the service life of pothole repair by experimental testing. The strength and fatigue behavior of the joints were studied and the effectiveness of pothole repairs was evaluated under various conditions, including four temperature levels (5, 10, 15 and 25°C), four strain levels (750 με, 1,000 με, 1,250 με, and 1,500 με) and three loading frequencies (2, 5, and 10 Hz). The optimal interface joint shape was obtained by orthogonal tests. The results indicated that the bond strength and fatigue life of the high viscoelastic emulsified asphalt with an area density of 0.6 kg/m2 in the form of a 30° inclination joint was 473 and 80 times higher than those of traditional pothole repair (i.e., vertical joint form and no tack coat), respectively. Finally, a prediction model was proposed for the interface joint fatigue life considering external parameters through multiple regression analyses. This prediction model can provide a reference for the further study of asphalt pavement pothole repair.
Frailty, MRI, and FDG-PET Measures in an Australian Memory Clinic Cohort
Authors: Jordan Nan , Gvalda Matthew , Cody Ross , Galante Olivia , Haywood Cilla , Yates Paul 
Published: January 2021

Given that the global population is aging, the number of age-related syndromes, such as frailty, is expected to rise in conjunction. Frailty is characterized by the loss of homeostatic reserve, rendering the individual vulnerable to poor health outcomes. Many biological mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to frailty. However, few studies have assessed the associations between frailty and brain diseases or neuroimaging biomarkers.Aims: The aims of this study were to measure the prevalence of frailty in a memory clinic and to examine associations between frailty and brain changes found on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 18-F deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in memory clinic attendees.Methods: A 54-items Frailty Index was retrospectively assessed for all clinic attendees from 2014. Frailty was defined as FI &gt; 0.25. MR images were analyzed for stroke, cerebral small vessel disease [CSVD, including cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), cortical superficial siderosis (CSS), and white matter hyperintensity (WMH)], and neurodegenerative changes [MRI: mesial temporal atrophy (MTA), FDG-PET: regional hypometabolism], blind to clinical findings.Results: There were 209 clinic attendees in 2014, of whom 121 had MRI performed. The prevalence of frailty (using FI) in the memory clinic in 2014 was 38.3% overall (patients without MRI: 43.2%, patients with MRI 34.7%, p = 0.25). Frailty was associated with presence of deep WMH, increased severity of periventricular WMH, and presence of CSS, but not neurodegeneration markers (MTA atrophy/FDG-PET hypometabolism).Conclusion: The findings support the idea that previously reported associations between frailty and imaging evidence of CSVD in other cohorts are also relevant to the Australian clinic setting. Given that a large proportion of memory clinic attendees are frail, there may be opportunities for interventions to reduce preventable adverse health outcomes, such as falls and fractures, and reduce the prevalence and impact of frailty in this cohort.