bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pure laparoscopic versus robotic liver resections: Multicentric propensity score‐based analysis with stratification according to difficulty scores
Authors: Cipriani Federica , Fiorentini Guido , Magistri Paolo , Fontani Andrea , Menonna Francesca , Annecchiarico Mario , Lauterio Andrea , De Carlis Luciano , Coratti Andrea , Boggi Ugo , Ceccarelli Graziano , Di Benedetto Fabrizio , Aldrighetti Luca 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe benefits of pure laparoscopic and robot‐assisted liver resections (LLR and RALR) are known in comparison to open surgery. The aim of the present retrospective comparative study is to investigate the role of RALR and LLR according to different levels of difficulty.MethodsThe institutional databases of six high‐volume hepatobiliary centers were retrospectively reviewed. The study population was divided in two groups: LLR and RALR. The procedures were stratified for difficulty levels accordingly to three classifications. A propensity score matching was implemented to mitigate selection bias. Short‐term outcomes were the object of comparison.ResultsNine hundred and thirty‐six LLR and 403 RALR were collected. RALR exhibited fewer cases of intraoperative blood loss, lower transfusion and conversion rates (especially for oncological radicality) than LLR in the setting of highly difficult operations, whereas LLR had lower postoperative morbidity and fewer low‐grade complications. For intermediate and low‐difficulty resections, the intraoperative advantages of RALR gradually decreased to nonsignificant results and LLR remained associated with lower postoperative morbidity.ConclusionRobot‐assisted liver resections do not show operative nor clinically significant benefits over LLR for low‐ and intermediate‐difficulty resections. By reducing conversion rates, RALR can favour the operative feasibility of difficult resections possibly extending the indications of minimally invasive approaches for liver resection.
Abnormal N‐glycan fucosylation, galactosylation, and sialylation of IgG in adults with classical galactosemia, influence of dietary galactose intake
Authors: Treacy Eileen P. , Vencken Sebastian , Bosch Annet M. , Gautschi Matthias , Rubio‐Gozalbo Estela , Dawson Charlotte , Nerney Darragh , Colhoun Hugh Owen , Shakerdi Loai , Pastores Gregory M. , O'Flaherty Roisin , Saldova Radka 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundClassical galactosemia (CG) (OMIM #230400) is a rare disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, due to deficiency of galactose‐1‐phosphate uridyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.12). The pathophysiology of the long‐term complications, mainly cognitive, neurological, and female infertility remains poorly understood.ObjectivesThis study investigated (a) the association between specific IgG N‐glycosylation biomarkers (glycan peaks and grouped traits) and CG patients (n = 95) identified from the GalNet Network, using hydrophilic interaction ultraperformance liquid chromatography and (b) a further analysis of a GALT c.563A‐G/p.Gln188Arg homozygous cohort (n = 49) with correlation with glycan features with patient Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ), and (c) with galactose intake.ResultsA very significant decrease in galactosylation and sialylation and an increase in core fucosylation was noted in CG patients vs controls (P < .005). Bisected glycans were decreased in the severe GALT c.563A‐G/p.Gln188Arg homozygous cohort (n = 49) (P < .05). Logistic regression models incorporating IgG glycan traits distinguished CG patients from controls. Incremental dietary galactose intake correlated positively with FSIQ for the p.Gln188Arg homozygous CG cohort (P < .005) for a dietary galactose intake of 500 to 1000 mg/d. Significant improvements in profiles with increased galactose intake were noted for monosialylated, monogalactosylated, and monoantennary glycans.ConclusionThese results suggest that N‐glycosylation abnormalities persist in CG patients on dietary galactose restriction which may be modifiable to a degree by dietary galactose intake.
Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging and Functional Alterations of Hippocampus in Rat Depression Model: A Pilot Study
Authors: Luo Xunrong , Ren Qingfa , Luo Mingfang , Li Tianping , Lv Yijie , Liu Yan , Rong Kang , Zhang Wei , Li Xianglin 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAdjusting abnormal glutamate neurotransmission is a crucial mechanism in the treatment of depression. However, few non‐invasive techniques could effectively detect changes in glutamate neurotransmitters, and no consensus exists on whether glutamate could affect resting‐state function changes in depression.PurposeTo study the changes in glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) value in the hippocampus of rat model exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and to explore the effect of this change on the activity of hippocampal glutamatergic neurons.Study TypeProspective animal study.Animal ModelTwenty male Sprague–Dawley rats (200–300 g).Field Strength/Sequence7.0 T scanner. Fat rapid acquisition relaxation enhancement sequence for GluCEST, and echo planner imaging sequence for resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs_fMRI).AssessmentRats were divided into two groups: CUMS group (N = 10) and control group (CTRL, N = 10). The magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry analysis was used to quantify the GluCEST data, and evaluate the rs_fMRI data through the amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis.Statistical TestsA t‐test was used to compare the difference in GluCEST or rs_fMRI between CUMS and CTRL groups. Spearman's correlation was applied to explore the correlation between GluCEST values and abnormal fMRI values in hippocampus. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsThe GluCEST value in the left hippocampus has changed significantly (3.3 ± 0.3 [CUMS] vs. 3.9 ± 0.4 [CTRL], P < 0.05). In addition, the GluCEST value was significantly positively correlated with the ALFF values (r = 0.5, P < 0. 05, df = 7) and negatively correlated with the ReHo values (r = −0.6, P < 0.05, df = 7).Data ConclusionGluCEST technique has the feasibility of mapping glutamate changes in rat depression. Glutamate neurotransmitters are important factors affecting the abnormal function of neural activity.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 1
Magnetic Resonance Imaging‐Based Structural Covariance Changes of the Striatum in Lifelong Premature Ejaculation Patients
Authors: Wu Jiayu , Gao Ming , Piao Ruiqing , Feng Nana , Geng Bowen , Liu Peng 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe striatum has been reported to be implicated in various neurological diseases, including lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE). Altered striatum‐related functional connectivity was investigated in LPE patients in previous studies; however, structural abnormalities in the striatum have been less studied in LPE.PurposeTo identify the gray matter volume (GMV) and structural covariance patterns of the striatum between LPE patients and healthy controls (HCs).Study TypeProspective.SubjectsForty‐three LPE patients and 31 male HCs.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner; T1‐weighted imaging using a spoiled gradient recalled echo sequence.AssessmentPreprocessing of structural MRI data and the striatum‐seeded GMV computation were conducted using SPM12.Statistical TestsTwo sample t‐test was used to compare differences in GMV of the striatum between patients and HCs. Regions showing altered between‐group GMV were considered as seeds for structural covariance analysis in two groups. Additionally, correlations between GMV findings and clinical features were assessed with age and total intracranial volume (TIV) as covariates and with age, TIV, anxiety, and depression scores as covariates in the patient group, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsCompared to HCs, LPE patients had significantly decreased GMV in four regions located in the bilateral caudate and putamen. Distinct striatum‐based structural covariance patterns in the two groups were mainly related to the thalamus, amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, middle cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex, and precuneus/cuneus. LPE patients showed that GMV in the bilateral caudate negatively correlated with the premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT) scores (r = −0.369, r = −0.377, respectively).Data ConclusionOur findings indicated that LPE patients had altered GMV and structural covariance patterns in the striatum compared to HCs. The correlations between abnormal GMV and PEDT were also shown in the present findings. These findings may contribute to enhancing the understanding of the pathophysiology of LPE.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 3
Fish oil–based lipid emulsion alleviates parenteral nutrition–associated liver diseases and intestinal injury in piglets
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Xiao Yongtao , Liu Yang , Tian Xinbei , Wang Weipeng , Jiang Lu , Wu Wenjie , Zhang Tian , Cai Wei , Wang Ying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThisstudy aimed to investigate the impact of fish oil–based lipid emulsion (FO) on enterohepatic injuries and intestinal microbiota in piglets of parenteral nutrition (PN).MethodsNewborn piglets were divided into three groups, including enteral diet (the controls), PN with 100% FO and PN with medium‐chain triglyceride/long‐chain triglyceride–based lipid emulsion (MCT/LCT) for 14 days. Serum biochemical indicators, hepatic and intestinal histology, and expression of genes associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism were measured. The bile acid (BA) profiles in serum and the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome in different intestinal segments were analyzed.ResultsCompared with MCT/LCT–piglets, FO reduced inflammation, promoted fatty acid oxidation, and decreased oxidative stress in the liver. In the intestine, FO decreased intestinal inflammation and intestinal permeability, leading to reduced lipopolysaccharide entry into the blood circulation relative to MCT/LCT–piglets. PN groups have dominant contents of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides, whereas the control group have Firmicutes at the phylum level. FO altered the taxonomic compositions of the gut microbiome in different segments, increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae in ileum, and Rikenellaceae and Ruminococcaceae in the colon. FO treatment shifted BA composition ratio in serum and had a lower ratio of secondary BAs to primary BAs.ConclusionFO alleviates PNLAD and intestinal injury by regulating the homeostasis of BAs’ enterohepatic circulation and altering microbiota composition in different intestinal segments.
Shame as a Mediator in the Association Between Emotion Dysregulation and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Reductions Among Combat Veterans in a Residential Treatment Program
Authors: Puhalla Alexander , Flynn Aidan , Vaught Amanda 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEmotion dysregulation (ED) can be defined as one's inability to effectively respond to and manage internal experiences and the expression of emotion. ED has been linked to the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with recent research suggesting that reductions in ED may predict improved treatment outcomes among both civilian and veteran populations. However, few studies have examined how changes in ED may predict treatment outcomes among veterans with PTSD and whether certain core features of PTSD, such as shame, may act as potential mediators in the association between ED and PTSD symptom reductions. The present study sought to explore facets of ED, feelings of shame, and PTSD symptoms among 43 combat veterans upon their admission and discharge to a residential PTSD program. The results demonstrated that all variables of interest significantly decreased from admission to discharge, ds = 0.75–1.84. Correlations indicated that reductions in ED, R2 = .184, and shame, R2 = .228, were associated with reductions in PTSD symptoms. However, the association between reductions in ED and PTSD was significantly mediated by reductions in shame. Overall, these results suggest that higher levels of emotion regulation may partially affect PTSD symptoms through reductions in shame. This may explain the efficacy of frontline PTSD treatments, as they explicitly focus on the processing of one's traumatic experience by reducing PTSD symptoms through regulation techniques that target emotional–behavioral cycles, which may include the shame–withdraw cycle.
Performance of Lung Ultrasound for Monitoring Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Pitsidianakis Georgios , Vassalou Evangelia E. , Vasarmidi Eirini , Bolaki Maria , Klontzas Michail E. , Xirouchaki Nektaria , Georgopoulos Dimitrios , Karantanas Apostolos H. , Tzanakis Nikolaos , Antoniou Katerina M. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesIn this study, we sought to assess the validity of lung ultrasound (LUS) during the follow‐up of patients with a wide spectrum of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs).MethodsTwenty‐four patients (13 males, 11 females; mean age ± SD, 65.4 ± 14.3 years; age range, 40–84 years) with a diagnosis of ILDs who were admitted to the Interstitial Lung Disease Unit were prospectively enrolled. Patients were examined with a 56‐lung intercostal space LUS protocol in lateral decubitus position, at baseline, 6‐months, and 1‐year. The LUS score was defined as the sum of B‐lines counted in each intercostal space. All patients underwent complete pulmonary function tests at baseline and follow‐up time‐points. High‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) was performed at baseline and during follow‐up, according to personalized patients' needs. All HRCT studies were graded according to the Warrick scoring system (WS).ResultsPooled data analysis showed a significant correlation between WS and LUS scores (P < .001). For separate time‐point analysis, a significant correlation between LUS scores and WS was found at baseline (P < .001) and 1 year (P = .005). LUS scores negatively correlated with alveolar volume (VA) (P < .046) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (P < .001) at 6 months and with transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide (KCO) (P < .031) and DLCO (P = .002) at 12‐months. A multivariate regression model showed DLCO to be an independent predictor of LUS score at 1 year (P = .026).ConclusionsOur results highlight the validity and potential applicability of LUS for disease monitoring in a wide spectrum of ILDs.
Circ_0000317/microRNA‐520g/HOXD10 axis affects the biological characteristics of colorectal cancer
Authors: Lai Fu‐Ji , Yu Hua , Xie Yang‐Yang , He Ning 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that are widely expressed in cancer tissues and play a pro‐ or anticancer role in modulating cancer progression. This work is aimed to probe the biological role of circ_0000317 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its underlying mechanism. Circ_0000317 was selected from the circRNA microarray datasets (GSE121895). Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to examine circ_0000317, microRNA (miR)‐520g, and homeobox D10 (HOXD10) mRNA expression in CRC. Cell Counting Kit‐8 and Transwell experiments were conducted to examine the effects of circ_0000317 on proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Bioinformatic analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter gene experiments were implemented to predict and validate the targeting relationship between circ_0000317 and miR‐520g, miR‐520g, and HOXD10. Western blot was employed to examine HOXD10 expression at protein level in CRC cells. Circ_0000317 and HOXD10 mRNA expression were unveiled to be down‐modulated and miR‐520g expression was up‐modulated in CRC. Functionally, circ_0000317 overexpression repressed CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, miR‐520g was a direct target of circ_0000317 and miR‐520g specifically modulated HOXD10 expression. Furthermore, miR‐520g mimics partially counteracted the suppressing effect of circ_0000317 on malignant phenotype of CRC cells. Circ_0000317 represses CRC progression by targeting miR‐520g and modulating HOXD10 expression. Hence, circ_0000317 may be a promising diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for CRC.
miR‐671‐5p repressed progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma via TRIM14
Authors: Wang Wan‐Ju , Yuan Yuan , Zhang Dong , Liu Piao , Liu Fang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe pivotal role of dysregulated miRNAs in development of papillary thyroid carcinoma has been emphasized in recent research. miR‐671‐5p was previously documented to function as a tumor suppressor. However, the role and mechanism of miR‐671‐5p in progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma remain to be further studied. Data from functional assays indicated that forced expression of miR‐671‐5p decreased cell viability, repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. In vivo study showed that miR‐671‐5p overexpression inhibited tumor growth, downregulated Ki67, and decreased tumor volume and weight. Tripartite motif containing 14 (TRIM14) was verified as downstream target of miR‐671‐5p. The expression of TRIM14 was suppressed by miR‐671‐5p in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Overexpression of TRIM14 increased cell viability, and promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Moreover, TRIM14 counteracted the suppressive effect of miR‐671‐5p overexpression on papillary thyroid carcinoma cell growth. In conclusion, miR‐671‐5p repressed progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma through downregulation of TRIM14, providing a promising target for therapy of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Prevalence of Hyperacusis and Its Relation to Health: The Busselton Healthy Ageing Study
Authors: Smit Adriana L. , Stegeman Inge , Eikelboom Robert H. , Baguley David M. , Bennett Rebecca J. , Tegg‐Quinn Susan , Bucks Romola S. , Stokroos Robert J. , Hunter Michael , Atlas Marcus D. 
Published: July 2021

ImportanceThe prevalence of hyperacusis and its relationship with mental and general health is unknown in a nonclinical sample. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hyperacusis and its relation with hearing, general and mental health in a population‐based study.Study DesignProspective population‐based study.Material and MethodsThis study uses data from the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study (BHAS). A sample of 5,107 eligible inhabitants aged 45 to 70 years completed a detailed questionnaire and a clinical assessment. A positive answer to “Do you consider yourself sensitive or intolerant to everyday sounds” was used to indicate hyperacusis. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between hearing, mental and general health factors, and hyperacusis.ResultsOf 5,107 participants, 775 (15.2%) reported hyperacusis. The majority of participants with hyperacusis reported an occasional effect on daily life (72.0%). Being female, older in age, having a lower income, physical or mental health difficulties, more severe hearing loss, and tinnitus were all associated with the presence of hyperacusis. Individuals who experience hearing impairment, poorer general or mental health have a higher possibility of hyperacusis having an effect on their daily life.ConclusionsIn this community population‐based cohort study, we found a prevalence of hyperacusis of 15.2%. Individuals with hearing loss, mental health problems, and lower physical health have a higher possibility of experiencing effects on their daily life associated with their hyperacusis. Unravelling the relationship between hyperacusis hearing, general and mental health can be of major importance for a better understanding of the condition and its consequences.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 131:E2887–E2896, 2021
Dynamic evaluation of facial muscles: 3D skin displacement vector analysis using a facial painting model
Authors: Moon Hyoung‐Jin , Lee Won , Choi Ji Yun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundBotulinum toxin A can be used to eliminate dynamic wrinkles by relaxing the muscles involved in facial expressions. Therefore, it is essential to know the location, origin, insertion, function, and changes of the facial expression muscles according to their contraction.MethodsAfter drawing the muscles on the face of a model, pictures were taken at rest. The model was then asked to make facial expressions that cause facial wrinkles. All images were taken with the Vectra H1 camera system (Canfield Scientific, Inc., Fairfield, New Jersey). Each expression image was aligned to its respective static image to compute the differences in skin position, so as to calculate the skin displacement vectors. The values for local changes in skin displacement were calculated by applying the automated algorithms of the Vectra Software Mirror Suite and visualized using the color and size of the arrow.ResultsFace painting and 3D skin vector displacement analyses enabled visualization of all the facial muscles involved in facial expressions working dynamically, allowing us to visualize the effect of each muscle in the creation of hyperkinetic wrinkles. Face painting and 3D skin vector displacement analyses can be combined to determine the location of the wrinkles, extent of the muscle, part of the muscle that contracts, presence of asymmetry, direction in which the muscle contracts, and correlation between the antagonists and synergistic muscles.ConclusionThe botulinum toxin A injection educational model using body painting and 3D skin vector displacement analyses can provide a deeper understanding of actual moving muscle anatomy.Level of Evidence4.
Accelerated Redox Reaction of Hydrogen Peroxide by Employing Locally Concentrated State of Copper Catalysts on Polymer Chain
Authors: Osawa Shigehito , Kitanishi Kenichi , Kiuchi Maho , Shimonaka Motoyuki , Otsuka Hidenori 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCopper complexes act as catalysts for redox reactions to generate reactive oxygen species that destroy biomolecules and, therefore, are utilized to design drugs including antitumor and antibacterial medicines. Especially, catalytic reaction for hydrogen peroxide decomposition is important because it includes the process for generating highly toxic hydroxyl radical, i.e., Fenton‐like reaction. Considering that multicoppers/hydrogen peroxide species are the important intermediates for the redox reaction, herein a polymer having copper complexes in the side chains is designed to facilitate the formation of the intermediates by building locally concentrated state of the copper complexes. The polymer increases their catalytic activities for hydrogen peroxide decomposition and promotes reactive oxygen species’ generation, eventually leading to higher antibacterial activity. This reveals the virtue of building a locally concentrated state of catalysts on polymers toward drug design with low amounts of transition metals.