bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individuals at increased risk for development of bipolar disorder display structural alterations similar to people with manifest disease
Authors: Mikolas Pavol , Bröckel Kyra , Vogelbacher Christoph , Müller Dirk K. , Marxen Michael , Berndt Christina , Sauer Cathrin , Jung Stine , Fröhner Juliane Hilde , Fallgatter Andreas J. , Ethofer Thomas , Rau Anne , Kircher Tilo , Falkenberg Irina , Lambert Martin , Kraft Vivien , Leopold Karolina , Bechdolf Andreas , Reif Andreas , Matura Silke , Stamm Thomas , Bermpohl Felix , Fiebig Jana , Juckel Georg , Flasbeck Vera , Correll Christoph U. , Ritter Philipp , Bauer Michael , Jansen Andreas , Pfennig Andrea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn psychiatry, there has been a growing focus on identifying at-risk populations. For schizophrenia, these efforts have led to the development of early recognition and intervention measures. Despite a similar disease burden, the populations at risk of bipolar disorder have not been sufficiently characterized. Within the BipoLife consortium, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a multicenter study to assess structural gray matter alterations inN = 263 help-seeking individuals from seven study sites. We defined the risk using the EPIbipolarassessment tool as no-risk, low-risk, and high-risk and used a region-of-interest approach (ROI) based on the results of two large-scale multicenter studies of bipolar disorder by the ENIGMA working group. We detected significant differences in the thickness of the left pars opercularis (Cohen’sd = 0.47,p = 0.024) between groups. The cortex was significantly thinner in high-risk individuals compared to those in the no-risk group (p = 0.011). We detected no differences in the hippocampal volume. Exploratory analyses revealed no significant differences in other cortical or subcortical regions. The thinner cortex in help-seeking individuals at risk of bipolar disorder is in line with previous findings in patients with the established disorder and corresponds to the region of the highest effect size in the ENIGMA study of cortical alterations. Structural alterations in prefrontal cortex might be a trait marker of bipolar risk. This is the largest structural MRI study of help-seeking individuals at increased risk of bipolar disorder.
LncRNA PCBP1-AS1-mediated AR/AR-V7 deubiquitination enhances prostate cancer enzalutamide resistance
Authors: Zhang Boya , Zhang Mingpeng , Shen Chunyi , Liu Guancong , Zhang Fan , Hou Jingyu , Yao Weitao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe refractory of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is mainly reflected in drug resistance. The current research on the resistance mechanism of CRPC is still in its infancy. In this study, we revealed for the first time the key role of LncRNA PCBP1-AS1 in CRPC drug resistance. Through detailed in vivo and in vitro studies, we found that PCBP1-AS1 may enhance the deubiquitination of AR/AR-V7 by stabilizing the USP22-AR/AR-V7 complex, thereby preventing AR/AR-V7 from being degraded through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Targeting PCBP1-AS1 can significantly restore the drug sensitivity of enzalutamide-resistant tumors in vivo and in vitro. Our research further expands the function of LncRNA in castration-resistant prostate cancer, which may provide new potential for clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy.
Computational models of category-selective brain regions enable high-throughput tests of selectivity
Authors: Ratan Murty N. Apurva , Bashivan Pouya , Abate Alex , DiCarlo James J. , Kanwisher Nancy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCortical regions apparently selective to faces, places, and bodies have provided important evidence for domain-specific theories of human cognition, development, and evolution. But claims of category selectivity are not quantitatively precise and remain vulnerable to empirical refutation. Here we develop artificial neural network-based encoding models that accurately predict the response to novel images in the fusiform face area, parahippocampal place area, and extrastriate body area, outperforming descriptive models and experts. We use these models to subject claims of category selectivity to strong tests, by screening for and synthesizing images predicted to produce high responses. We find that these high-response-predicted images are all unambiguous members of the hypothesized preferred category for each region. These results provide accurate, image-computable encoding models of each category-selective region, strengthen evidence for domain specificity in the brain, and point the way for future research characterizing the functional organization of the brain with unprecedented computational precision.
Massive methane fluxing from magma–sediment interaction in the end-Triassic Central Atlantic Magmatic Province
Authors: Capriolo Manfredo , Marzoli Andrea , Aradi László E. , Ackerson Michael R. , Bartoli Omar , Callegaro Sara , Dal Corso Jacopo , Ernesto Marcia , Gouvêa Vasconcellos Eleonora M. , De Min Angelo , Newton Robert J. , Szabó Csaba 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExceptional magmatic events coincided with the largest mass extinctions throughout Earth’s history. Extensive degassing from organic-rich sediments intruded by magmas is a possible driver of the catastrophic environmental changes, which triggered the biotic crises. One of Earth’s largest magmatic events is represented by the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province, which was synchronous with the end-Triassic mass extinction. Here, we show direct evidence for the presence in basaltic magmas of methane, generated or remobilized from the host sedimentary sequence during the emplacement of this Large Igneous Province. Abundant methane-rich fluid inclusions were entrapped within quartz at the end of magmatic crystallization in voluminous (about 1.0 × 106 km3) intrusions in Brazilian Amazonia, indicating a massive (about 7.2 × 103 Gt) fluxing of methane. These micrometre-sized imperfections in quartz crystals attest an extensive release of methane from magma–sediment interaction, which likely contributed to the global climate changes responsible for the end-Triassic mass extinction.
Isonicotinylation is a histone mark induced by the anti-tuberculosis first-line drug isoniazid
Authors: Jiang Yuhan , Li Yixiao , Liu Cheng , Zhang Lei , Lv Danyu , Weng Yejing , Cheng Zhongyi , Chen Xiangmei , Zhan Jun , Zhang Hongquan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIsoniazid (INH) is a first-line anti-tuberculosis drug used for nearly 70 years. However, the mechanism underlying the side effects of INH has remained elusive. Here, we report that INH and its metabolites induce a post-translational modification (PTM) of histones, lysine isonicotinylation (Kinic), also called 4-picolinylation, in cells and mice. INH promotes the biosynthesis of isonicotinyl-CoA (Inic-CoA), a co-factor of intracellular isonicotinylation. Mass spectrometry reveals 26 Kinic sites in histones in HepG2 cells. Acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein (CBP) and P300 catalyse histone Kinic, while histone deacetylase HDAC3 functions as a deisonicotinylase. Notably, MNase sensitivity assay and RNA-seq analysis show that histone Kinic relaxes chromatin structure and promotes gene transcription. INH-mediated histone Kinic upregulates PIK3R1 gene expression and activates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in liver cancer cells, linking INH to tumourigenicity in the liver. We demonstrate that Kinic is a histone acylation mark with a pyridine ring, which may have broad biological effects. Therefore, INH-induced isonicotinylation potentially accounts for the side effects in patients taking INH long-term for anti-tuberculosis therapy, and this modification may increase the risk of cancer in humans.
Lack of gamma delta T cells ameliorates inflammatory response after acute intestinal ischemia reperfusion in mice
Authors: Funken Dominik , Yu Yi , Feng Xiaoyan , Imvised Tawan , Gueler Faikah , Prinz Immo , Madadi-Sanjani Omid , Ure Benno M. , Kuebler Jochen F. , Klemann Christian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractT-cells have been demonstrated to modulate ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) in the kidney, lung, liver, and intestine. Whereas most T-cell subpopulations contribute primarily to the antigen-specific effector and memory phases of immunity, γδ-T-cells combine adaptive features with rapid, innate-like responses that can place them in the initiation phase of immune reactions. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the role of γδ-T-cells in intestinal IRI. Adult wild-type (WT) and γδ-T-cell-deficient mice were subjected to acute intestinal IRI. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and influx of leukocyte subpopulations in the gut were assessed by qPCR and flow cytometry. Serum transaminases were measured as an indicator of distant organ IRI. Intestinal IRI led to increased influx of neutrophils, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and LDH/ALT/AST elevation. Selective deficiency of γδ-T-cells significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and neutrophil infiltration in the gut following IRI compared to controls. Furthermore, γδ-T-cell deficiency resulted in decreased LDH and transaminases levels in sera, indicating amelioration of distant organ injury. Increasing evidence demonstrates a key role of T-cell subpopulations in IRI. We demonstrate that γδ-T-cell deficiency ameliorated pro-inflammatory cytokine production, neutrophil recruitment and distant organ injury. Thus, γδ-T-cells may be considered as mediators contributing to the inflammatory response in the acute phase of intestinal IRI.
Investigation of progression pattern and associated risk factors in glaucoma patients with initial paracentral scotomas using Humphrey 10-2
Authors: Kim Eun Kyoung , Park Hae-Young Lopilly , Hong Kyung Euy , Shin Da Young , Park Chan Kee 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCentral visual field (VF) progression could directly threaten patientss visual function compared to glaucomatous damage. This study was designed to investigate visual field (VF) progression pattern and associated risk factors including optical coherence topography angiographic (OCT-A) findings in glaucoma patients with initial paracentral scotoma. This prospective, observational study included 122 eyes presenting as initial paracentral scotomas with serial 24-2 and 10-2 VF tests at the glaucoma clinic of Seoul St Mary's Hospital between November 2017 and August 2020. The participants underwent at least 5 serial VF exams and OCT-A at baseline. Numerical values of the initial and final 10-2 VF tests were averaged for each VF test point using the total deviation map. Innermost 10-2 VF progression was defined as three or more new contiguous points at the central 12 points on 10-2 VF. Other clinical characteristics were collected including history of disc hemorrhage and vessel density (VD) was measured from OCT-A images. Linear regression analysis was performed to obtain the change of mean deviation and a cut-off for progression was defined for both 24-2 and 10-2 VFs. The average total deviation maps of the initial 10-2 VF tests shows initial paracentral scotoma located in the superior region in an arcuate pattern that was deep in the 4°–6° region above fixation. This arcuate pattern was more broadly located in the 4°–10° region in the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) group, while it was closer to fixation in 0°–4° region in the normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) group. The final average map shows deepening of scotomas in the 4°–10° region in POAG, which deepened closer to the region of fixation in NTG. The diagnosis of NTG (β 1.892; 95% CI 1.225–2.516; P = 0.035) and lower choroidal VD in the peripapillary atrophy (PPA) region (β 0.985; 95% CI 0.975 to 0.995; P = 0.022) were significantly related to innermost 10-2 VF progression. Initial paracentral scotomas in NTG tended to progress closer to the region of fixation, which should be monitored closely. Important progression risk factors related to paracentral scotoma near the fixation were the diagnosis of NTG and reduced choroidal VD in the β-zone PPA region using OCT-A. We should consider vascular risk factors in NTG patients presenting with initial paracentral scotoma to avoid vision threatening progression of glaucoma.
Silence and reduced echolocation during flight are associated with social behaviors in male hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus)
Authors: Corcoran Aaron J. , Weller Theodore J. , Hopkins Annalise , Yovel Yossi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBats are renowned for their sophisticated echolocation. However, recent research has indicated that bats may be less reliant on echolocation than has long been assumed. To test the hypothesis that bats reduce their use of echolocation to avoid eavesdropping by conspecifics, we deployed miniature tags that recorded ultrasound and accelerations on 10 wild hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus) for one or two nights. This resulted in 997 10-s recordings. Bats switched between periods predominated by their typical high-intensity echolocation, or periods predominated by micro calls (unusually short, quiet calls), or no detectable calls (“silence”). Periods of high-intensity echolocation included high rates of feeding buzzes, whereas periods of micro calls and silence included high rates of social interactions with other bats. Bats switched back to high-intensity echolocation during actual social interactions. These data support the hypothesis that bats use reduced forms of echolocation and fly in silence to avoid eavesdropping from conspecifics, perhaps in the context of mating-related behavior. They also provide the strongest demonstration to date that bats fly for extended periods of time without the use of echolocation.
Postoperative malrotation of humerus shaft fracture causes degeneration of rotator cuff and cartilage
Authors: Wang Cheng , Ma Xiaoyuan , Liu Qiaohui , Dai Guofeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe hypothesized that postoperative malrotation of humeral shaft fractures can alter the bio-mechanical environment of the shoulder; thus, rotator cuff and cartilage degeneration could be induced. Therefore, we designed an animal experiment to evaluate the impact of malrotation deformities after minimally invasive surgery for humeral fractures on the rotator cuff and cartilage, which has rarely been described in previous studies. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the sham control group (A), negative control group (B) and malrotated group (C). A sham operation with surgical exposure alone was performed in group A. Humeral shaft osteotomy was performed in Group B and C. In Group B, the fractures were fixed in situ with plate -screw system. While in Group C, iatrogenic rotational deformity was created after the proximal end of the fracture being internally rotated by 20 degrees and then subsequently fixed. The animals with bone healing were sacrificed for pathological and biochemical examination. In group C, the modified Mankin scale for cartilage pathology evaluation and the modified Movin scale for tendon both showed highest score among groups with statistical significance (P < 0.05); Disordered alignment and proportion of collagen I/III of rotator cuff were confirmed with picrosirius red staining; Transmission electron microscopy also showed ultrastructural tendon damage. Immunohistochemistry showed that both MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression were significantly higher in group C than groups A and B(P < 0.05). Minimally invasive techniques for humerus shaft fracture might be cosmetically advantageous, but the consequent postoperative malrotation could increase the risk of rotator cuff and cartilage degeneration. This conclusion is supported here by primary evidence from animal experiments.
Utilizing pre-operative MR imaging and adapting optimal needle puncture approach to improve radiofrequency ablation fraction of thoracic dorsal root ganglia
Authors: Li Bing , Huang Yayong , Zhang Yong , Das Sushant Kumar , Zhang Chuan , Li Yang , Xu Xiaoxue , Yang Hanfeng , Du Yong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis experimental study evaluates the location of thoracic dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and evaluates the radiofrequency ablation (RFA) fraction of different puncture approaches on distinct DRG locations. Eight normal adult corpse specimens were used as thoracic spine specimens. An MRI examination was performed on each specimen using the following MRI sequences: STIR T2WI, fs-FRFSE T2WI, and 3D FIESTA-c. Then thoracic spine specimens (n = 14) were divided into three groups for RFA: Group A, using a transforaminal approach irrespective of DRG location; Group B, using a transforaminal, trans-lateral-zygapophysial or translaminar approach according to the DRG location; and Group C using a combination of puncture approaches. The quality of visualization of thoracic DRGs on STIR T2WI, fs-FRFSE T2WI, and 3D FIESTA-c scans were 53.5% (77/144), 88.2% (127/144), and 93.1% (134/144), respectively. In group A, the RFA fractions of the extraforaminal DRGs (N = 29), intraforaminal DRGs (N = 12) and intraspinal DRGs (N = 7) via a transforaminal approach were 72.6 ± 18.9%, 54.2 ± 24.8% and 32.9 ± 28.1% respectively. In group B, RFA of extraforaminal DRGs via a transforaminal approach (N = 43) or a trans-lateral zygapophysial approach (N = 45) led to ablation fractions of 71.9 ± 15.2% and 72.0 ± 17.9%, respectively; RFA of intraforaminal DRGs via a transforaminal approach (N = 14) or a translaminar approach (N = 16) led to ablation fractions of 57.1 ± 18.0% and 52.5 ± 20.6%, respectively; RFA of intraspinal DRGs via a transforaminal approach (N = 12) or a translaminar approach (N = 14) led to ablation fractions of 34.8 ± 24.6% and 71.8 ± 16.0%, respectively. In group C, the combined approach led to an ablation fraction for extraforaminal DRGs (N = 69) of 82.5 ± 14.1%, for intraforaminal DRGs (N = 39) of 81.5 ± 11.8%, and for intraspinal DRGs (N = 36) of 80.8 ± 13.3%. MRI can accurately assess DRG location before RFA. Adopting different and combined puncturing approaches tailored to different DRG locations can significantly increase the DRG RFA fraction.
Artefact-removal algorithms for Fourier domain quantum optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kolenderska Sylwia M. , Szkulmowski Maciej 
Published: September 2021

AbstractQuantum Optical Coherence Tomography (Q-OCT) is a non-classical equivalent of Optical Coherence Tomography and is able to provide a twofold axial resolution increase and immunity to resolution-degrading dispersion. The main drawback of Q-OCT are artefacts which are additional elements that clutter an A-scan and lead to a complete loss of structural information for multilayered objects. Whereas there are very practical and successful methods for artefact removal in Time-domain Q-OCT, no such scheme has been devised for Fourier-domain Q-OCT (Fd-Q-OCT), although the latter modality—through joint spectrum detection—outputs a lot of useful information on both the system and the imaged object. Here, we propose two algorithms which process a Fd-Q-OCT joint spectrum into an artefact-free A-scan. We present the theoretical background of these algorithms and show their performance on computer-generated data. The limitations of both algorithms with regards to the experimental system and the imaged object are discussed.
Relationship between obstetric history and recurrent urinary infections
Authors: Vanaclocha-Ferrer Cynthia , Padilla-Fernandez Barbara-Yolanda , Marquez-Sanchez Magaly-Teresa , Garcia-Sanchez María-Helena , Rodriguez-Martin María-de-la-O , Hernandez-Navarro Nayra , Domenech-Perez Cristina , Valverde-Martinez Lauro-Sebastián , Flores-Fraile María-Carmen , Huélamo Misericordia Martínez , Nieto-Barbero José-Angel , Miron-Canelo José-Antonio , Garcia-Cenador María-Begoña , Lorenzo-Gomez María-Fernanda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUrinary tract infections affect more than 50% of women. 25% derive from recurrent UTI (RUTI). It is not known the relationship between obstetric history and RUTI occurrence. Investigate the relationship between obstetric events and RUTI. Multicenter observational retrospective study. Groups: G.RUTI (n = 294): women with RUTI; G.NON.RUTI (n = 126): women without RUTI (treated and cured of renal cancer). Descriptive statistics, ANOVA analysis of variance (with Scheffe’s test for normal samples and Kruskal–Wallis for other distributions), Fisher's exact test, Pearson and Spearman correlation studies, and multivariate analysis multiple regression were used. Mean age 61.04 years (19–92), G.RUTI: 56.77 years SD 4.46 (19–85). G.NON.RUTI: 71 years SD 6.73 (25–92) (p = 0.0001). Obstetric history: Nulliparous G.RUTI: 20 (3.4%) G.NON.RUTI: 90 (71.42%) p 0.0001; Eutocic G.RUTI: 416 (70.74%) G.NON.RUTI: 30 (23.8%) p 0.0001. Dystocic G.RUTI: 58 (9.86%) G.NON.RUTI: 56 (44.44%) p 0.0001. G.RUTI abortion: 102 (17.34%) G.NON.RUTI: 30 (23.8%) p 0.1381. Hysterectomy without adnexectomy G.RUTI: 100 (17%) G.NON.RUTI: 18 (14.28%) p 0.5640. Hysterectomy with adnexectomy G.RUTI: 100 (17%) G.NON.RUTI: 66 (52.28%) p 0.0001. Nulliparity, dystocic delivery, and hysterectomy with adnexectomy are more frequent in women without RUTI, while eutocic births are more associated with RUTI. The most prevalent gynaecological-obstetric history in women with RUTI is eutocic delivery associated with a good health state.
The immunotherapy candidate TNFSF4 may help the induction of a promising immunological response in breast carcinomas
Authors: Li Kai , Ma Lei , Sun Ye , Li Xiang , Ren Hong , Tang Shou-Ching , Sun Xin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade, an immunotherapy, has been applied in multiple systemic malignancies and has improved overall survival to a relatively great extent; whether it can be applied in breast cancer remains unknown. We endeavored to explore possible factors that may influence immunotherapy outcomes in breast cancer using several public databases. The possible treatment target TNF superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4) was selected from many candidates based on its abnormal expression profile, survival-associated status, and ability to predict immune system reactions. For the first time, we identified the oncogenic features of TNFSF4 in breast carcinoma. TNFSF4 was revealed to be closely related to treatment that induced antitumor immunity and to interact with multiple immune effector molecules and T cell signatures, which was independent of endocrine status and has not been reported previously. Moreover, the potential immunotherapeutic approach of TNFSF4 blockade showed underlying effects on stem cell expansion, which more strongly and specifically demonstrated the potential effects of applying TNFSF4 blockade-based immunotherapies in breast carcinomas. We identified potential targets that may contribute to breast cancer therapies through clinical analysis and real-world review and provided one potential but crucial tool for treating breast carcinoma that showed effects across subtypes and long-term effectiveness.