bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal and infant mental health care in Austria
Authors: Zechmeister-Koss I. , Hörtnagl C. , Lampe Astrid , Paul J. L. 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Purpose
Perinatal mental illness (PMI) is one of the major health problems during pregnancy and one year after birth (the perinatal period), with robust evidence of its potentially detrimental effects on the parent’s and child’s health. Many countries have prioritised perinatal and infant mental health care (PIMHC). In Austria, it is currently unknown how many services are available in which region. The paper aims to map the current PIMHC landscape.

Methods
Using publicly accessible sources, such as health reports or organisation websites and supplementary information from experts, we collected data on eight characteristics of services to prevent, early identify, treat or support parents with a PMI. We extracted the information into tables, narratively summarised the results and presented a geographical visualisation of service availability.

Results
While there is currently no standardised nationwide systematic screening for PMI in place, there are a variety of services to support and treat parents with a PMI of different severity in Austria. However, there are large regional variations and gaps in care, particularly regarding specialised PIMHC and trained staff, leading to unequal access. PIMHC primarily addresses mothers and involves many, mostly public, providers and funding sources.

Conclusion
There is an urgent need to reduce the regional disparities regarding specialised PIMHC, ensuring adequate referrals and treatment and reducing inequalities in access to care. The results also call for a national strategy and defined political, administrative and service provider responsibilities based on international evidence-based recommendations. Investing in the training of staff and defined care pathways seems warranted.
Recent Advances in Wide-Range Temperature Metal-CO2 Batteries: A Mini Review
Authors: Zhang Xuejing , Zhao Ning , Zhang Hanqi , Fan Yiming , Jin Feng , Li Chunsheng , Sun Yan , Wang Jiaqi , Chen Ming , Hu Xiaofei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe metal–carbon dioxide batteries, emerging as high-energy–density energy storage devices, enable direct CO2 utilization, offering promising prospects for CO2 capture and utilization, energy conversion, and storage. However, the electrochemical performance of M-CO2 batteries faces significant challenges, particularly at extreme temperatures. Issues such as high overpotential, poor charge reversibility, and cycling capacity decay arise from complex reaction interfaces, sluggish oxidation kinetics, inefficient catalysts, dendrite growth, and unstable electrolytes. Despite significant advancements at room temperature, limited research has focused on the performance of M-CO2 batteries across a wide-temperature range. This review examines the effects of low and high temperatures on M-CO2 battery components and their reaction mechanism, as well as the advancements made in extending operational ranges from room temperature to extremely low and high temperatures. It discusses strategies to enhance electrochemical performance at extreme temperatures and outlines opportunities, challenges, and future directions for the development of M-CO2 batteries.
Roasting-Water Leaching-Slag Cleaning Process for Recovery of Valuable Metals from Li-ion Battery Scrap
Authors: Klemettinen Lassi , Biswas Jayasree , Klemettinen Anna , Zhang Juhua , O’Brien Hugh , Partinen Jere , Jokilaakso Ari 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWaste lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are important secondary sources of valuable materials, including Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) like lithium, cobalt, manganese, and graphite, as defined by the European Union (EU). LIBs also contain nickel and copper, classified as Strategic Raw Materials by the EU since 2023. Significant efforts have been made to develop efficient recycling processes for waste LIBs, with pyrometallurgical processes playing a key role. These technologies are relatively mature, with high adaptability for different raw materials and involve smelting waste batteries above the melting points of battery components, followed by separating metals through reduction reactions. This method efficiently recovers cobalt, copper, and nickel as a metal alloy or matte, while lithium and manganese are lost in the slag phase. The goal of this work was to enhance the recovery of valuable battery metals by combining hydro- and pyrometallurgical processes. Mechanically prepared battery black mass underwent selective sulfation roasting to convert LiCoO2 and Mn-oxides into Li, Co, and Mn sulfates. After roasting, the battery scrap was leached in distilled water at 60 °C, recovering 95% of lithium, 61% of manganese, and 35% of cobalt. The solid leaching residue was then mixed with industrial Ni-slag and biochar. Two experimental series were carried out, one with the addition of industrial Ni-concentrate and one without. The smelting experiments were conducted at 1350 °C in flowing argon atmosphere as a function of time (5–60 min) to investigate the reduction behavior of battery metals. The results show that Co and Ni from the slag and leach residue can be efficiently recovered in the slag cleaning stage.
Graphical Abstract
Cultures for acid-fast bacilli: are we being good stewards?
Authors: Hanrahan Jennifer , Sill Julie D. , Ver Schneider Patricia , Copeland Jessica F. , Frimpongmaa Amoako-Kissi Elsie , Ilobi Ogochukwu O. , Toepp Angela J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To describe the use of cultures for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and situations in which AFB cultures are unlikely to be of clinical benefit.

Design:
Retrospective descriptive study of AFB cultures submitted to Sentara Health microbiology laboratory from December 1, 2021, to December 1, 2023. Data were collected from the electronic medical record and included patient demographics, the service line that ordered the culture, specimen source, and culture results.

Setting:
Sentara Healthcare System.

Patients:
All patients who had specimens submitted to the microbiology laboratory during the study period were included.

Results:
A total of 13,944 AFB cultures from 8,243 patients were collected during the study period. Of these, 4.72% (n = 389) patients had a positive result, and 40 of 680 positive cultures were likely contaminants or non-mycobacterial. The average number of days between culture collection and positive results was 84.32 days (SD = 49.64) and 56.25 days (SD = 8.32) for negative results. Most cultures were ordered by medical subspecialties (44.06%, n = 6,144), followed by orthopedic providers (23.34%, n = 3,254) and surgical subspecialty providers (16.11%, n = 2,246). Most specimens were pulmonary (n = 6,620) with 619 (9.35%) positive cultures. Of 3,561 AFB cultures ordered from bone specimens, only 17 were positive (0.48%). The number of specimens processed by the microbiology laboratory required 2 full-time microbiology technicians to process specimens.

Conclusions:
Many AFB cultures were sent from patients who did not have clinical scenarios consistent with mycobacterial disease and cultures were not clinically indicated. Implementation of testing criteria could decrease AFB cultures and healthcare costs.
Effects of paleoclimatic variables on suitable open habitats for Pleistocene–Holocene megafauna in South America
Authors: Machado Célia Cristina Clemente , de Lucena Vivianne Albano , Canassa Nathália Fernandes , de Oliveira David Holanda , de Araujo Helder Farias Pereira 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe cause of megafauna extinction in South America remains clouded in controversy, since it took place at a time of intense climate change and almost at the same time as the initial human influx into the continent. In this paper, we aimed to assess the effects of climate change on open vegetation habitats and, consequently, on megafauna extinction in South America by using a species distribution model, fossil records, and paleoclimatic projections. In addition, we evaluated the effects of climatic variables on the distribution of suitable habitats across South America. Our results demonstrated alternating intervals of expansion and contraction of suitable areas for megafauna persistence, mainly in response to lower and higher precipitation, in the last 21 ka in all regions of South America. However, the amplitude of this oscillation was more significant in the Brazilian Northeast. In the Andean and Chaco–Pampas regions, greater precipitation stability resulted in greater stability in habitat suitability; therefore, for these regions, other factors must have predominated for the extinction of the megafauna. We therefore concluded that in the Andean and Chaco–Pampas regions, climate change was not solely responsible for the disappearance of megafauna, but in the Brazilian Northeast, it may have been decisive.
Evaluating GEMS HCHO Retrievals With TROPOMI Product, Pandora Observations, and GEOS‐Chem Simulations
Authors: Fu Weitao , Zhu Lei , Kwon Hyeong‐Ahn , Park Rokjin J. , Lee Gitaek T. , De Smedt Isabelle , Liu Song , Li Xicheng , Chen Yuyang , Pu Dongchuan , Li Juan , Zuo Xiaoxing , Zhang Peng , Li Yali , Yan Zhuoxian , Zhang Xue , Zhang Jiaming , Wu Xingyi , Shen Huizhong , Ye Jianhuai , Wang Chen , Fu Tzung‐May , Yang Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSatellite column formaldehyde (HCHO) is an indicator of regional volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions as HCHO is a short‐lived intermediate oxidation product. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS), launched in 2020, is the first geostationary satellite to monitor hourly HCHO. GEMS offers unprecedented potential to reveal the diurnal variations of VOC emissions in Asia. Here, we present the first study to evaluate year‐round GEMS HCHO retrievals using TROPOMI satellite and ground‐based Pandora spectrometers. Our study shows that GEMS HCHO aligns with TROPOMI (r = 0.59–0.85; differences within 20% for most areas). Moreover, GEMS captures monthly and diurnal HCHO variations observed by Pandora spectrometers across Asia with differences overall within 15% (r ∼ 0.85). Diurnally, we find strong HCHO variations over urban areas but not in forests. During the fire season of mainland Southeast Asia, GEMS HCHO increases in the afternoon, in line with diurnal emission estimates from the Global Fire Emissions Database Version 4 with small fires (GFED4s) and GEOS‐Chem simulations. GEMS also captures the spatial patterns of fire emissions in GFED4s. GEMS HCHO shows negative bias when observing with a high (>60°) viewing zenith angle (VZA) and overly relies on model correction for observations to the north of 30°N.
Mapping 3D Overthrust Structures by a Hybrid Modeling Method
Authors: Hou Weisheng , Li Yanhua , Ye Shuwan , Yang Songhua , Xiao Fan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA rational three‐dimensional (3D) geological model with complex characteristics generated on a small amount of data is a crucial data infrastructure for scientific research and many applications. However, reconstructing structures with multi‐Z values on a single point caused by folding or overthrusting is still one of the bottlenecks in 3D geological modeling. Combined with the multi‐point statistics (MPS) method and fully connected neural networks (FCNs), this study presented a hybrid framework for 3D geological modeling. The loss functions of FCN and the conventional MPS method jointly form the kernel function of the proposed method, which is constrained by stratigraphic sequence and stratum thickness. The input and output parameters of the FCN are the coordinates and corresponding elevations of geological contacts, respectively. To solve the kernel function, the initial model, in which geological surfaces are generated by the FCNs, is generated using a sequential process. An iterative MPS process with an Expectation Maximization‐like (EM‐like) algorithm is carried out to illuminate the artifacts in the initial model. Ten orthogonal cross‐sections are extracted from the overthrust model created by SEG/EAGE as the modeling data source. The results illustrated that the geometry and spatial relationships of strata and faults are retained well with the geological constraints. The comparison of virtual boreholes from the results and the real model shows that the accuracy of the geological object reaches 75%. The presented method provides a new idea for simulating 3D structures with multi‐Z values, which overcomes the limitations of the conventional MPS‐based 3D modeling method.
Interseismic Uplift of Anticlines Above the Rakhine‐Bangladesh Megathrust From ALOS‐2 InSAR
Authors: Chong Jeng‐Hann , Oryan Bar , Shen Lin , Steckler Michael S. , Lindsey Eric O. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe shallow portion of a megathrust represents the zone of first contact between two colliding plates, and its rheological properties control the seismic and tsunami hazards generated by the fault. The high cost of underwater geodetic data collection results in sparse observations, leading to limited constraints on the interseismic behavior of megathrusts. The Rakhine‐Bangladesh megathrust offers a unique opportunity to probe the behavior of the shallow megathrust as it is the only ocean‐continent subduction zone where the near‐trench region is fully accessible on land. Here, we use observations from ALOS‐2 wide‐swath imagery spanning 2015 to 2022 to conduct an InSAR timeseries analysis of the overriding plate within Bangladesh and the Indo‐Myanmar Ranges. We identify a narrow pattern of alternating uplift and subsidence associated with mapped anticlines but show that it cannot be explained by slip on the megathrust or other fault structures. Instead, we argue that the deformation is likely caused by active aseismic folding within the wedge above a shallow decollement. We show that estimates of the decollement depth derived from a viscous folding model and the observed anticline spacing are in agreement with previous seismic observations of the decollement depth across the fold belt. We suggest that the role of ductile deformation in the overriding plate in subduction zones may be more important than previously recognized.
Exploring Surface‐Enhanced Heterogeneous Oxidation of Isoprene: Evidence for Atmospheric Haze Chemistry
Authors: Li Haiwei , Li Jingyi , Ho Wingkei , Cui Long , Wang Ming , Zhang Yunjiang , Wang Junfeng , Wang Hongli , Huang Cheng , Fu Qingyan , Jiang Yuanchun , Chen Mindong , Liao Hong , Cao Junji , Lee Shun‐cheng , Ge Xinlei , Huang Yu , Chow Judith C. , Watson John G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolid atmospheric particulates can act as heterogeneous drivers for gas loss and particle aging during haze episodes. Observational and experimental evidence reveals an unidentified competitive mechanism involving transition metal ions (TMIs) that catalyze the heterogeneous oxidation of isoprene. Hydroxyl radicals (OH) were generated through the reaction of singlet oxygen (O(1D)) with molecular water at the surface of earth‐abundant manganese (Mn) nanoparticles. The energy threshold for OH production was minimized to 213 kJ mol−1 in the presence of alkali K+ ions, significantly lower than the 392 kJ mol−1 required for ozone photolysis. The rapid loss of isoprene (1.60 × 10−2 s−1) for the particulate mixtures resulted in the formation of approximately 70% C1–C4 carbonyl oligomers via interfacial binding modes, which promoted particle growth. This contrasts with the higher yields of C5 products typically observed in gas‐phase reactions of isoprene with OH radicals. The findings could enhance the understanding of severe haze formation, particularly under complex air pollution conditions.
The Observed and Simulated Evolution of a Microburst Using X‐Band Phased‐Array Radar Data Assimilation With EnKF
Authors: Zhu Yiqing , Zhou Ang , Zhao Kun , Lu Yinghui , Huang Hao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA microburst is a severe small‐scale meteorological event that develops rapidly, producing intense downdrafts that result in catastrophic divergent winds near the ground. The fine‐scale structure and evolution of real‐case microbursts are rarely analyzed due to the limitation of regular observational platforms and the computational capacity for numerical simulations. On 12 September 2020, a microburst was effectively captured by China's S‐band operational weather radar network and an X‐band polarimetric phased‐array radar (XPAR). XPAR observations can identify precursor signatures of the rapidly evolving microburst before the occurrence of surface wind disasters, demonstrating superior spatiotemporal resolution in monitoring compared to the S‐band radars. To disclose the evolution of small‐scale structure and the underlying physical processes, this study utilizes the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) system to assimilate XPAR data. The simulation successfully reproduces the fine‐scale structure and evolution of the microburst with a misocyclone. The analysis indicates that the microburst's downdraft is primarily triggered by the middle‐level hydrometeor loading. The misocyclone generates a downward‐directed perturbation pressure gradient then accelerates the microburst's downdraft toward the surface. This study is the first observation and simulation of a real‐case microburst using the WRF‐EnKF system assimilating XPAR data. The investigation of the impact of misocyclone on the microburst enhances our understanding of microbursts' forcing mechanism.
Comprehensive Assessment of Flood Socioeconomic Impacts Through Text‐Mining
Authors: Madruga de Brito Mariana , Sodoge Jan , Kreibich Heidi , Kuhlicke Christian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn July 2021, Germany experienced its costliest riverine floods in history, with over 189 fatalities and a staggering €33 billion in damages. Following this event, news outlets widely disseminated information on the flood's aftermath. Here, we demonstrate how newspaper data can be instrumental in the assessment of flood socioeconomic impacts often overlooked by conventional methods. Using natural language processing tools on 26,113 newspaper articles, we estimate the cascading impacts of the 2021 flood on various sectors and critical infrastructure, including water contamination, mental health, and tourism. Our results revealed severe and lasting impacts in the Ahr Valley, even months after the event. At the same time, we identified smaller‐scale yet widespread impacts across Germany, which are typically overlooked by existing impact databases. Our approach advances current research by systematically examining indirect and intangible flood consequences over large areas. This underscores the value of leveraging complementary text data to provide a more comprehensive picture of flood impacts.
Joint Probability Analysis of the Rich‐Poor Runoff and Sediment Discharge in Karst Watersheds
Authors: Yao Jiayin , Yu Xingxiu , Li Zhenwei , Peng Shilei , Xu Xianli 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs one of the largest contiguous karst landscapes in the world, southwest China has experienced severe soil erosion because of its frequent climate extremes, special hydrogeology, shallow and discontinuous soil, steep topography, and inappropriate land use. Furthermore, the construction of dams in recent decades has rendered the relationship between runoff and sediment discharge increasingly complex. However, the joint probability distributions and joint return periods of runoff‐sediment discharge relationship are still not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the synchronous‐asynchronous probabilities and return periods of rich‐poor combinations of annual runoff and sediment discharge using a bivariate copula function to assess the risk of soil erosion in four selected karst watersheds in southwest China. Results showed that sediment discharge has declined significantly in all watersheds except Liujiang, and annual runoff and sediment discharge were significantly positively correlated in all watersheds. The optimal marginal distribution and the best copula function of annual runoff and sediment discharge are not identical for each watershed. The synchronous and asynchronous probabilities of annual runoff and sediment discharge are close to 1:1 in the Wujiang watershed. The asynchronous probability is much higher for the combination of less runoff with more sediment discharge (r < s) than for the combination of more runoff with less sediment discharge (r > s) in Nanpanjiang. Therefore, the risk of soil erosion may be higher in the Wujiang and Nanpanjiang watersheds. The joint return periods of runoff‐sediment discharge were concentrated in less than 5 years during the historical period. These return periods can provide data references for designing the scale of water resources projects and help in better soil erosion control in the future. This study could be a technical reference for identifying the non‐stationarity of the multivariate relationship between runoff and sediment discharge in karst regions.
High-performance 2D electronic devices enabled by strong and tough two-dimensional polymer with ultra-low dielectric constant
Authors: Fang Qiyi , Yi Kongyang , Zhai Tianshu , Luo Shisong , Lin Chen-yang , Ai Qing , Zhu Yifan , Zhang Boyu , Alvarez Gustavo A. , Shao Yanjie , Zhou Haolei , Gao Guanhui , Liu Yifeng , Xu Rui , Zhang Xiang , Wang Yuzhe , Tian Xiaoyin , Zhang Honghu , Han Yimo , Zhu Hanyu , Zhao Yuji , Tian Zhiting , Zhong Yu , Liu Zheng , Lou Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs the feature size of microelectronic circuits is scaling down to nanometer order, the increasing interconnect crosstalk, resistance-capacitance (RC) delay and power consumption can limit the chip performance and reliability. To address these challenges, new low-k dielectric (k < 2) materials need to be developed to replace current silicon dioxide (k = 3.9) or SiCOH, etc. However, existing low-k dielectric materials, such as organosilicate glass or polymeric dielectrics, suffer from poor thermal and mechanical properties. Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) are considered promising low-k dielectric materials because of their good thermal and mechanical properties, high porosity and designability. Here, we report a chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) method for growing fluoride rich 2DP-F films on arbitrary substrates. We show that the grown 2DP-F thin films exhibit ultra-low dielectric constant (in plane k = 1.85 and out-of-plane k = 1.82) and remarkable mechanical properties (Young’s modulus > 15 GPa). We also demonstrated the improved performance of monolayer MoS2 field-effect-transistors when utilizing 2DP-F thin films as dielectric substrates.
The highly rugged yet navigable regulatory landscape of the bacterial transcription factor TetR
Authors: Westmann Cauã Antunes , Goldbach Leander , Wagner Andreas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTranscription factor binding sites (TFBSs) are important sources of evolutionary innovations. Understanding how evolution navigates the sequence space of such sites can be achieved by mapping TFBS adaptive landscapes. In such a landscape, an individual location corresponds to a TFBS bound by a transcription factor. The elevation at that location corresponds to the strength of transcriptional regulation conveyed by the sequence. Here, we develop an in vivo massively parallel reporter assay to map the landscape of bacterial TFBSs. We apply this assay to the TetR repressor, for which few TFBSs are known. We quantify the strength of transcriptional repression for 17,765 TFBSs and show that the resulting landscape is highly rugged, with 2092 peaks. Only a few peaks convey stronger repression than the wild type. Non-additive (epistatic) interactions between mutations are frequent. Despite these hallmarks of ruggedness, most high peaks are evolutionarily accessible. They have large basins of attraction and are reached by around 20% of populations evolving on the landscape. Which high peak is reached during evolution is unpredictable and contingent on the mutational path taken. This in-depth analysis of a prokaryotic gene regulator reveals a landscape that is navigable but much more rugged than the landscapes of eukaryotic regulators.