bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Clarke’s Angle in Determining Pediatric Flexible Flatfoot Using Radiographic Findings as a Criterion Standard Measure: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hegazy Fatma , Aboelnasr Emad , Abdel-Aziem Amr , Hassan Ali , Kim In-Ju 
Published: March 2021

Background: Clinical diagnosis of pediatric flexible flatfoot is still a challenging issue for health-care professionals. Clarke’s angle (CA) is frequently used clinically for assessing foot posture; however, there is still debate about its validity and diagnostic accuracy in evaluation of static foot posture especially in the pediatric population, with some previous studies supporting and others refuting its validity. The present study aimed to investigate the validity and diagnostic accuracy of the CA using radiographic findings as a criterion standard measure to determine flexible flatfoot between ages 6 and 18 years.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 612 participants (1224 feet) with flexible flatfoot aged 6 to 18 years (mean ± SD age, 12.36 ± 3.39 years) was recruited. The clinical measure results were compared with the criterion standard radiographic measures and displayed on the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the area under the curve was computed. Intrarater reliability, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios were calculated for the CA. A Fagan nomogram was used to detect post-test probability.
Results: The CA demonstrated higher intrarater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.997), sensitivity (98.4%), specificity (98.8), positive predictive value (97.3), negative predictive value (99.3), positive likelihood ratio (84), and negative likelihood ratio (0.02). The area under the curve was 0.98. The positive likelihood ratio yielded a post-test probability of 97%, and the negative likelihood ratio yielded a post-test probability of 0.02.
Conclusions: The CA is a valid measure with high diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of flexible flatfoot between ages 6 and 18 years.
Fall supplemental feeding increases population growth rate of an endangered caribou herd
Authors: Heard Douglas C. , Zimmerman Kathryn L. 
Published: March 2021

Most woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) populations are declining primarily because of unsustainable predation resulting from habitat-mediated apparent competition. Wolf (Canis lupus) reduction is an effective recovery option because it addresses the direct effect of predation. We considered the possibility that the indirect effects of predation might also affect caribou population dynamics by adversely affecting summer foraging behaviour. If spring and/or summer nutrition was inadequate, then supplemental feeding in fall might compensate for that limitation and contribute to population growth. Improved nutrition and therefore body condition going into winter could increase adult survival and lead to improved reproductive success the next spring. To test that hypothesis, we fed high-quality food pellets to free-ranging caribou in the Kennedy Siding caribou herd each fall for six years, starting in 2014, to see if population growth rate increased. Beginning in winter 2015–16, the Province of British Columbia began a concurrent annual program to promote caribou population increase by attempting to remove most wolves within the Kennedy Siding and the adjacent caribou herds’ ranges. To evaluate the impact of feeding, we compared lambdas before and after feeding began, and to the population trend in the adjacent Quintette herd over the subsequent four years. Supplemental feeding appeared to have an incremental effect on population growth. Population growth of the Kennedy Siding herd was higher in the year after feeding began (λ = 1.06) compared to previous years (λ = 0.91) and to the untreated Quintette herd (λ = 0.95). Average annual growth rate of the Kennedy Siding herd over the subsequent four years, where both feeding and wolf reduction occurred concurrently, was higher than in the Quintette herd where the only management action in those years was wolf reduction (λ = 1.16 vs. λ = 1.08). The higher growth rate of the Kennedy Siding herd was due to higher female survival (96.2%/yr vs. 88.9%/yr). Many caribou were in relatively poor condition in the fall. Consumption of supplemental food probably improved their nutritional status which ultimately led to population growth. Further feeding experiments on other caribou herds using an adaptive management approach would verify the effect of feeding as a population recovery tool. Our results support the recommendation that multiple management actions should be implemented to improve recovery prospects for caribou.
Differences in the endophytic fungal community and effective ingredients in root of three Glycyrrhiza species in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Dang Hanli , Zhang Tao , Wang Zhongke , Li Guifang , Zhao Wenqin , Lv Xinhua , Zhuang Li 
Published: March 2021

Background
Endophytic fungi influence the quality and quantity of the medicinal plant’s bioactive compounds through specific fungus-host interactions. Nevertheless, due to the paucity of information, the composition of endophytic fungal communities and the mechanism by which effective ingredients regulate endophytic fungal communities in roots remains unclear.

Methods
In this study, we collected root and soil samples (depth range: 0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm) of three Glycyrrhiza species (Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza inflata, and Glycyrrhiza glabra). Glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin content were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and total flavonoid content was determined using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. High-throughput sequencing technology was employed to explore the composition and diversity of the endophytic fungal community in different root segments of three Glycyrrhiza species. Furthermore, soil samples were subjected to physicochemical analyses.

Results
We observed that the liquiritin content was not affected by the root depth (0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, and 40–60 cm). Still, it was significantly affected by the Glycyrrhiza species (Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza inflata, Glycyrrhiza glabra) (P < 0.05). In Glycyrrhiza root, a total of eight phyla and 140 genera were annotated so far, out of which Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phyla, and the Fusarium, Paraphoma, and Helminthosporium genera were found to be significantly dominant. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that liquiritin content was accountable for the differences in the diversity of the endophytic fungal community. Furthermore, distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA) showed that physicochemical properties of the soil (available potassium and ammonium nitrogen) and the root factors (liquiritin and water content) were the main contributing factors for the variations in the overall structure of the endophytic fungal community. Our results showed that the effective ingredients of Glycyrrhiza root and physicochemical properties of the soil regulated the endophytic fungal community composition and medicinal licorice diversity.
Nickel-phenanthroline Complex Supported on Mesoporous Carbon as a Catalyst for Carboxylation under CO2 Atmosphere
Authors: Abdullah Iman , Andriyanti Riri , Nurani Dita Arifa , Krisnandi Yuni Krisyuningsih 
Published: March 2021

Carbon dioxide is a highly potential renewable C1 source for synthesis of fine chemicals. Utilization of CO2 in carboxylation reactions requires catalysts, such as: nickel complex for CO2 activation. However, the use of homogeneous catalysts in the reaction is still less efficient due to the difficulty of separating the product and catalyst from reaction mixture. Therefore, it is necessary to heterogenize the nickel complex in a solid support such as mesoporous carbon. In this report, mesoporous carbon (MC) prepared from phloroglucinol and formaldehyde through soft template method was used as a solid support for Ni-phenanthroline complex (Ni-phen). The catalyst was characterized by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). The result of SAA characterization showed that the pore diameter of MC was 6.7 nm and Ni-phen/MC was 5.1 nm which indicates that the materials have meso-size pores. Ni-phen/MC material was then used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the carboxylation reaction of phenylacetylene under an ambient CO2 pressure. The reactions were carried out in several variations of conditions such as temperature, time and catalyst types. Based on the results of the reaction, the best conditions were obtained at 25 °C for 8 h of reaction time using Ni-phen/MC catalyst. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Interseccionalidade, de Carla Akotirene
Authors: Oliveira Jéssica Cristina Alvaro 
Published: March 2021

<span>Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar, analisar e avaliar a obra “Interseccionalidade”, escrita por Carla Akotirene para a coleção “Feminismos Plurais” coordenada por Djamila Ribeiro. Compreendendo que o conceito foi elaborado pela intelectual feminista negra Kimberlé Crenshaw no campo das justiças mediadas, a </span><em>interseccionalidade </em><span>tem como objetivo dar instrumentalidade teórico-metodológica à inseparabilidade estrutural do racismo, do capitalismo e do cisheteropatriarcado, como apresenta Akotirene (2019). Nos cinco capítulos da obra, em questão, a autora apresenta as críticas ao conceito, além de críticas à apropriação de feministas brancas e dos neoliberais, que ignoram o fato de que é impossível pensar opressões interseccionais sem dar o devido crédito às feministas negras, ou da inviabilidade de utilizá-lo para criminalizar corpos negros, por exemplo. Por fim, pontuo a relevância do livro para as mulheres negras, e para quem trabalha a temática de raça e gênero, pois além da </span><em>interseccionalidade</em><span> se tratar da autoridade intelectual das mulheres negras, como lembra Carla Akotirene (2019), a forma com que a autora traz críticas positivas e negativas, sem deixar de se posicionar sobre elas, precisa ser apreciada e debatida dentro das discussões de raça e de gênero.</span>
O Silenciamento de Marielle
Authors: Rodrigues Emely Braga 
Published: March 2021

<p class="western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span lang="pt-BR">O objetivo deste artigo é </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span lang="pt-BR">realizar uma narrativa empírico-contextual sobre o caso d</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span lang="pt-BR">o assassinato da vereadora Marielle Franco a partir da análise de conteúdo de seus discursos descrevendo o contexto público-político, as características e as relações entre as variáveis para chegar no teórico, utilizando o método jurídico-sociológico. Considera-se que o campo político é historicamente masculino, branco, burguês e excludente das vozes das “subalternas” e a escolha do caso é justificada pela motivação do crime, vez que aquele assassinato significa o silenciamento de sua voz. O contexto de desenvolvimento da pesquisa se inicia no ano de 2017, no Brasil, ano em que a vereadora assumiu sua mandata. Analisa-se a contribuição do conceito de Fraser (paridade de participação) para a promoção de espaços mais dialógicos e democráticos a partir do reconhecimento das sujeitas subalternas como iguais participantes na ordem social.</span></span></p><div id="sdfootnote1"> </div><div id="sdfootnote1"><p class="sdfootnote-western" align="justify"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></p></div>
Epidemiological profile of the population with tuberculosis in the Rio de Janeiro State / Perfil epidemiológico da população com tuberculose no Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Oliveira Glaycy do Carmo Acioli , Silva Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana , Regazzi Isabel Cristina Ribeiro , Nasser Marcia da Rocha Meirelles , Brust Riva Schumacker , Knupp Virginia Maria de Azevedo Oliveira 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil epidemiológico da população portadora de tuberculose no Estado do Rio de Janeiro em 2014 e fazer um levantamento dos óbitos por essa patologia. Método: Estudo ecológico que analisou os óbitos por tuberculose e o perfil dessa população. Utilizados dados do IBGE, Sistemas de Informação sobre Mortalidade e de Agravos Notificação. Resultados: No estado do Rio de Janeiro em 2014 foram observados 12.968 casos confirmados de tuberculose. A maior proporção na faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos, parda, sexo masculino, escolaridade entre o quinto e o oitavo ano do ensino fundamental e outra parcela entre os analfabetos. Foram registrados 848 óbitos por tuberculose, com maior proporção entre os solteiros, 35 e 54 anos, sexo masculino e pardo. Conclusão: A tuberculose se apresenta como um grave problema de saúde pública e ao mesmo tempo um grande problema social por estar diretamente associada à pobreza.
Evaluation and measures for prevention and treatment of skin xerosis in elderly: na integrating review / Avaliação e medidas de prevenção e tratamento da xerose cutânea em idosos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Cruz Ronny Anderson de Oliveira , Oliveira Patrícia Simplício de , Agra Glenda , Narciso Antonio Carlos , Lima Carla Lidiane Jácome de , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica em enfermagem acerca dos cuidados para a avaliação, prevenção e tratamento da xerose cutânea em idosos.Método: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Biblioteca Virtual Scientific Eletronic Library Online, PubMed Central e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2017. Resultados: foram analisados 14 artigos dos quais emergiram três categorias: A hidratação oral e tópica para o cuidado do idoso com xerose cutânea; A utilização de instrumentos e o cuidado a xerose relacionada aos pés; e por fim Medidas de higiene e processos de escolha/indicação de produtos. Conclusão: os cuidados de enfermagem devem estar voltados à educação para o autocuidado com ênfase na hidratação dos pés bem como na indicação e orientação acerca do uso de produtos com a finalidade de minimizar as complicações oriundas da xerose.
Walter Fernandes' trajectory in the academic center of Alfredo Pinto Nursing School (1968-1971) / Trajetória de Walter Fernandes no centro acadêmico da Escola de Enfermagem Alfredo Pinto (1968-71)
Authors: Oliveira Andrea de Sant'ana , Pellon Luiz Henrique Chad , Bernardes Margarida Maria Rocha , Porto Fernando Rocha 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a trajetória acadêmica de Walter Fernandes enquanto ativista do movimento estudantil na Escola de Enfermagem Alfredo Pinto (EEAP). Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo bibliográfico, de abordagem qualitativa. Utilizou – se a análise de conteúdo temática na perspectiva da história oral de vida. Os dados foram coletados em junho de 2018, por meio de entrevista filmada e gravada. Resultados: O registro eficaz e bem construído da memória do movimento estudantil de enfermagem na EEAP e a memória social do depoente trouxe o contexto político das décadas relatadas, abrangendo a conjuntura universitária, definindo e delineando novas estratégias que podem ser adotadas pelos estudantes nos embates e enfrentamentos presentes e futuros que surjam na sociedade brasileira. Conclusão: O legado da trajetória de Walter Fernandes na atualidade reforça a participação dos estudantes nas rearticulações e soluções possíveis dos impasses, dentre outras demandas.
Nursing care of the chronic renal patient on hemodialysis using double lumen catheter / Cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente renal crônico em hemodiálise em uso de cateter duplo lúmen
Authors: Maia Sayonnara Ferreira , Cruz Francisco Welves do Vale , Silva Ester Viviane Braga , Silveira Flavia Dayana Ribeiro da , Silva Junior José Newton Fernandes , Maia Aíka Barros Barbosa 
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: avaliar o cuidado de Enfermagem prestado ao paciente renal crônico em hemodiálise durante o manuseio do Cateter Duplo Lúmen. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal realizado em uma clínica de hemodiálise de uma cidade de médio porte do nordeste brasileiro. Participaram do estudo 14 profissionais de enfermagem. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em setembro de 2016 subsidiada em checklist de adequação as normas vigentes de manuseio do cateter. Resultados: a maioria dos cuidados foi executada pelos técnicos de enfermagem, com 88,9% a 92,0% de frequência. Houveram algumas falhas nos cuidados, e a mais presente foi a falta de higienização das mãos, presente em menos de 30% das observações. Conclusão: o estudo evidenciou que existem lacunas na assistência de enfermagem ao paciente em uso de cateter, e que é necessário do enfermeiro orientação e supervisão constante da equipe para evitá-las.
Intervention of Polydopamine Assembly and Adhesion on Nanoscale Interfaces: State‐of‐the‐Art Designs and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Xie Xiyue , Tang Jia , Xing Yuxin , Wang Zhenqiang , Ding Tao , Zhang Jixi , Cai Kaiyong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe translation of mussel‐inspired wet adhesion to biomedical engineering fields have catalyzed the emergence of polydopamine (PDA)‐based nanomaterials with privileged features and properties of conducting multiple interfacial interactions. Recent concerns and progress on the understanding of PDA's hierarchical structure and progressive assembly are inspiring approaches toward novel nanostructures with property and function advantages over simple nanoparticle architectures. Major breakthroughs in this field demonstrated the essential role of π–π stacking and π‐cation interactions in the rational intervention of PDA self‐assembly. In this review, the recently emerging concepts in the preparation and application of PDA nanomaterials, including 3D mesostructures, low‐dimensional nanostructures, micelle/nanoemulsion based nanoclusters, as well as other multicomponent nanohybrids by the segregation and organization of PDA building blocks on nanoscale interfaces are outlined. The contribution of π‐electron interactions on the interfacial loading/release of π electron‐rich molecules (nucleic acids, drugs, photosensitizers) and the exogenous coupling of optical energy, as well as the impact of wet‐adhesion interactions on the nano‐bio interface interplay, are highlighted by discussing the structure‐property relationships in their featured applications including fluorescent biosensing, gene therapy, drug delivery, phototherapy, combined therapy, etc. The limitations of current explorations, and future research directions are also discussed.
Catalytic Formal Hydroamination of Allylic Alcohols Using Manganese PNP‐Pincer Complexes
Authors: Duarte de Almeida Leandro , Bourriquen Florian , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeveral manganese‐PNP pincer catalysts for the formal hydroamination of allylic alcohols are presented. The resulting γ‐amino alcohols are selectively obtained in high yields applyingMn‐1in a tandem process under mild conditions.magnified image
Designer Anticancer Nanoprodrugs with Self‐Toxification Activity Realized by Acid‐triggered Biodegradation and In Situ Fragment Complexation
Authors: Yang Yannan , Zhang Min , Yang Yang , Cheng Dan , Yu Chengzhong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractProdrugs that allow in situ chemical conversion of less toxic precursors into active drugs in response to certain stimuli are promising anticancer candidates. Herein, we present a novel design of nanoprodrugs with a “degradation‐mediated self‐toxification” strategy, which realizes intracellular synthesis of anticancer agents using the nanoparticles’ own degradation fragments as the precursors. To fulfill this concept, a metal complexing dicyclohexylphosphine (DCP) organosilane is carefully screened out from various ligands to conjugate onto Pd(OH)2 nanodots confined hollow silica nanospheres (PD‐HSN). This constructed nanoprodrug shows acid‐triggered degradation in lysosomes and neutralizes protons to induce lysosomes rupturing, generating predesigned less toxic fragments (Pd2+ and DCP‐silicates) that complex into DCP/Pd complex in situ for inducing DNA damage, leading to enhanced anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines as well as in a xenograft tumour model.
Photochemical Carbene Transfer Reactions of Aryl/Aryl Diazoalkanes—Experiment and Theory**
Authors: Jana Sripati , Pei Chao , Empel Claire , Koenigs Rene M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractControlling the reactivity of carbene intermediates is a key parameter in the development of selective carbene transfer reactions and is usually achieved by metal complexes via singlet metal‐carbene intermediates. In this combined experimental and computational studies, we show that the reactivity of free diaryl carbenes can be controlled by the electronic properties of the substituents without the need of external additives. The introduction of electron‐donating and ‐withdrawing groups results in a significant perturbation of singlet triplet energy splitting of the diaryl carbene intermediate and of activation energies of consecutive carbene transfer reactions. This strategy now overcomes a long‐standing paradigm in the reactivity of diaryl carbenes and allows the realization of highly chemoselective carbene transfer reactions with alkynes. We could show that free diaryl carbenes can be readily accessed via photolysis of the corresponding diazo compounds and that these carbenes can undergo highly chemoselective cyclopropenation, cascade, or C−H functionalization reactions. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic analyses confirm the participation of different carbene spin states and rationalize for the observed reactivity.
Transcriptome analyses and weighted gene coexpression network analysis reveal key pathways and genes involved in the rapid cold resistance of the Chinese white wax scale insect
Authors: Zhang Hong‐Ping , Liu Wei , An Jia‐Qi , Yang Pu , Guo Li‐Hong , Li Yan‐Qiong , Lv Jing , Yu Shu‐Hui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Chinese white wax scale insect, Ericerus pela, is an important resource insect in China. The rapid response of E. pela to decreasing temperatures plays key roles in the population distribution. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression of E. pela treated with low temperature using transcriptome analyses and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). The results showed that the cold resistance of E. pela involved changes in the expression of many genes. The genes were mainly involved in alcohol formation activity, lipid metabolism, membrane and structure, and oxidoreductase activity. According to the WGCNA results, some pathways related to cold resistance were found in the genes in the modules, such as cytoskeleton proteins, cytoskeleton protein pathway, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, glycerophospholipid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis. Some of the hub genes were nonspecific lipid‐transfer proteins, DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 13, paramyosin, tropomodulin, and tubulin beta chain. In particular, the hub genes of the tan module included the heat shock protein (hsp) 10, hsp 60, hsp 70, and hsp 90 genes. Thirty‐five antifreeze protein (afp) genes were identified according to the annotation results. Three afp genes were further identified among the hub genes. Six of these genes were selected for heterogeneous protein expression. One of them was expressed successfully. The thermal hysteresis activity (THA) analyses showed that the THA was 1.73°C. These results showed that the cytoskeleton, lipid metabolism, thermogenesis, HSPs and AFPs may play important roles in the cold resistance of E. pela.