bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Equity in African Academia: An Implementation Science Evaluation of the Kenya Context
Authors: Ngaruiya Christine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractProgress toward equity in the academic context in Africa continues to lag despite local, regional, and international calls for progress. Implementation science, “the scientific study of methods to promote the systematic uptake of research findings and other evidence-based practices into routine practice,” provides a set of tools to dissect why this is the case. Implementation science is a discipline with theories, models, and frameworks that are applicable to generating sustainable interventions that can be applied to various problems and settings. Arguably, the “practice” of gender equity in global health and academic partnerships has not been routine in nature and, in large part, is still not evidence-based. Strategies on how to approach this plethora of problems and what to prioritize have not been well addressed, and there is a lack of recommendations based on the African sociocultural context. In this chapter, an analysis of the status quo of gender equity in academia and academic partnerships is addressed using the CFIR-ERIC tool—a well-established implementation science framework. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) domains are used to delineate the problem at different system levels. The associated Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) in the tool provide strategies ranked based on priority. The CFIR-ERIC tool was developed in Western contexts and so may have some limitations with generalizability to the Africa context. This initial analysis provides incipient guidance on action strategies. Also, it presents the need for implementation science and other methodologies to evaluate best practices for evidence-based strategies to close the gender gap.
A Holistic Systems Approach to Global Health Research, Practice, and Partnerships
Authors: Borbor-Cordova Mercy , Ryan Sadie , Lowe Rachel , von Borries Rosa , Stewart Ibarra Anna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEmerging and persistent infectious diseases are global threats that have evidenced the interconnectedness and interdependence of the environment, animal, and human systems. To identify solutions to these complex real-world challenges, a systemic approach is needed to understand the interactions among natural and human systems. Collaborative partnerships among researchers from diverse disciplines with policy practitioners and societal actors are also key. Research and public health practice frameworks based on systems thinking approaches have been developed to address the complexity of infectious diseases and other global health threats from local to global scales. For example, the Planetary Health framework focuses on human health and the interactions with the natural systems upon which it depends, stating that the health of human civilization depends on a healthy planet. The One Health approach aims to achieve optimal health and well-being outcomes by recognizing the interconnections between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment. Indigenous Peoples recognize that humans are inextricably interconnected with all life on the planet. Accordingly, the climate crisis and disease threats constitute a “relationship problem.” These holistic knowledge paradigms support a better understanding of infectious disease risks and the development of context-specific interventions to reduce disease transmission through transdisciplinary research and strong multinational partnerships. The theoretical concepts of these perspectives are described in this chapter and illustrated by the authors’ experiences co-developing research approaches for zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, including early warning systems for dengue fever.
The Accuracy of Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in Young Glacial River Valleys
Authors: Małka Anna , Laskowicz Izabela , Grabowski Dariusz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMany aspects affect the accuracy of the geographical information system- and statistically-based susceptibility maps. These aspects can be divided into four categories related to: (α) study area, (β) scale, (γ) input data, and (δ) methods, used for susceptibility calculation, landslide representation and map visualisation. Most of these aspects have an impact on the others and each of them is very complex. Due to the complexity of this issue, the article is limited to two aspects, i.e. scale and one of the crucial causal factors, namely geology. The selection of the research area is a key aspect in susceptibility mapping. The research area can influence the choice of scale (pixel size), input data, and methods. In the case of the young glacial Lower Vistula and Central Radunia Valleys, small-scale susceptibility maps give an inaccurate conclusion: on the continental scale, the susceptibility of these areas is underpredicted; on the national scale, the susceptibility is usually overpredicted. The geological structure of young glacial river valleys is complex due to the presence of alternating permeable (sands, gravels) and non-permeable (clays, silts) sediments in the profile, which affects water circulation on the slope and landslide activation. According to the prediction rate method for the Lower Vistula Valley and the classification and regression trees method for the Central Radunia Valley, the maps of surface deposits were of little relevance to landslide susceptibility prediction. However, the inclusion of a quasi-three-dimensional geological model—a typical lithologic sequence layer in the susceptibility mapping of the Vistula Valley, shows that it is one of the most important factors.
How to Detect the Previous Large-Scale Landslide: Source of Future Landslides by Interpretation of Ground Topography from Digital Maps
Authors: Miyagi Toyohiko , Loi Doan Huy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLarge-scale landslides often occur in the same place as previous landslides. Determining the location of potential future landslides is crucial and helpful for reducing landslide risk. In this paper, we compared the landslide topography distribution map and the 2011 landslide disasters in the Kii Peninsula to determine the overlap of new landslides in 2011 and past landslides. We found that over 60% of large-scale landslides took place in areas where previous landslides had been identified in the landslide topography distribution map. Following this finding, we created the landslide distribution maps for four regions in Sri Lanka from AW3D data to assess the risk of large-scale landslides.
Characteristics of Landslides Affecting Road Networks in Ethiopia: Evidence from 25 Years Research, Practice and Documentation
Authors: Woldearegay Kifle 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOver the last four decades, Ethiopia has been involved in massive road constructions which pass through complex geological, geotechnical, hydrological and terrain conditions of the country. The sustainability and functionality of these roads is, however, hugely affected by interrelated geohazards. This paper presents on the characteristics of landslides that have been affecting road networks in Ethiopia with data from research, practice and documentation over 25 years period (1997–2022). The study involved: (1) field inventory and characterization of 158 landslide-affected road sections, (2) investigations of the geological, geohydrological and geotechnical conditions, (3) monitoring groundwater levels and spring discharges, (4) measurement of flood levels of rivers/streams close to landslides, (5) in-situ and laboratory tests of the engineering properties of soils and rocks, (6) assessments on the association of the landslides with gully erosion, construction, and other factors, and (7) assessments on the performances of mitigation measures implemented. Results revealed that debris/earth slides are the dominant types of failures, with some debris/earth flows. Failures occurred in unconsolidated sediments with certain conditions: (a) concave terrains with slope angles 12°–38°, (b) variable depths of failures: maximum values 2.5–13.5 m, (c) shallow groundwater systems: water level fluctuated between 0 and 3.5 m below surface, and (d) active stream/river incisions at downslope sides of the roads. Broadly, the landslide-road-landscape interactions could be categorized into three: (a) failure of the upslope part of the road, (b) failure of the downslope part of the road, and (c) failure of the whole road section (upslope, road and downslope). Though different mitigation measures were implemented in 125 sites, the measures were unsuccessful in 70 sites (56%). In all the landslide-affected road sections, no comprehensive geological/geotechnical site investigations and slope stability analysis were carried out and the landslide-road-landscape interactions were poorly understood. With the expected increase in road/railway network development, limited capacity, climate change and fragile nature of the Ethiopian landscapes, landslides and associated problems are expected to pose major risks unless due attention is given to these interrelated geohazards. This calls for further collaborative research, innovations, and capacity building to address landslides and related geohazards in Ethiopia and in other developing countries with similar conditions.
The Changing Seismic Site Response of the Brienz/Brinzauls Rock Slope Instability: Insights from 5 Years of Monitoring Before, During and After a Partial Collapse in June 2023
Authors: Häusler Mauro , Glueer Franziska , Fäh Donat 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnstable rock slopes pose significant hazards, requiring reliable monitoring for effective mitigation. However, existing methods often struggle to capture the dynamic nature of these environments, highlighting the need for enhanced monitoring techniques. This study investigates the Brienz/Brinzauls landslide in Switzerland to deepen our understanding through passive seismic techniques. The objective is to gain insights into the evolving seismic response of active slopes before, during and after collapse events, thus, filling gaps in our understanding of the dynamics of the seismic response of landslides. We deployed automated tracking of seismic parameters spanning 5 years (2018–2023) and covering a partial collapse of the landslide, and tracked resonance frequencies, seismic amplitudes, wavefield polarization, and seismic event occurrences. In addition, we compared the seismic parameters with geodetic surface displacement rates. Over the 5 years, significant seismic parameter shifts were observed associated with increased rock fall events, resonance frequency reductions, and changes in wavefield polarization. Immediate seismic responses during and post-collapse in June 2023 gradually reverted to pre-event conditions within 2 weeks. This study provides new data-driven insights into unstable rock slope behavior, potentially contributing to the development of new ways of seismic early-warning systems. It emphasizes the necessity of ongoing and future monitoring efforts to accurately anticipate future landslide incidents, given the degree of uncertainties in the parameters monitored, for example, caused by transient seismic signals.
Landslides of Moscow River Valley (Russia): Types and Features of their Origin in Different Geological Conditions
Authors: Novikov Pavel V. , Zerkal Oleg V. , Barykina Olga S. , Samarin Eugene N. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Moscow River valley is an actively developed area in Russia within the Moscow agglomeration, where landslide processes are widely developed. There are four main types of landslides here. The greatest hazard for economic activity is large rotational slides. Such landslides differ in size, features of displacement zones and sediments involved in displacement. It was found that landslide massifs formed in different geological conditions have significant differences in internal structure and present-day activity. A detailed study of landslide processes in several areas of the Moscow River valley and its tributaries revealed key features of changes in the internal structure and properties of the main deformable horizons during the development of landslide processes.
Diskussion der Arbeit
Authors: Abels Nele 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden die Ergebnisse der Arbeit in Hinblick auf die Forschungsfragen diskutiert, also zu den Bereichen Argumentation (und Beweise) sowie Metakognition. Zudem werden weiterreichende Erkenntnisse dargestellt und erklärt sowie mögliche Einschränkungen der Untersuchung betrachtet.
Datenaufbereitung
Authors: Abels Nele 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird die Datenaufbereitung erläutert, wobei Videos (Abschnitt 7.1), Transkripte (Abschnitt 7.2) und Referenzskizzen betrachtet werden (Abschnitt 7.3).
The Roma and their Musical Translations—Between Adaptation and Interpretation
Authors: Piotrowska Anna G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDieses Kapitel fokussiert auf Übersetzung im Kontext der Strategien – oft subversiver Natur –, die von Roma angewandt werden, insbesondere, aber nicht ausschließlich, in Bezug auf ihre musikalischen Praktiken. Der Begriff „musikalische Übersetzung“ kann auf vielfältige Weise verstanden werden, daher beginnt das Kapitel mit einer Definition, die sich hauptsächlich auf die übersetzerischen Praktiken der Roma und die Rezeption der Roma als Musiker und Entertainer bezieht. Seit dem Mittelalter sind Roma-Musiker Multiplikatoren, möglicherweise Mitautoren und Herausgeber und, wie in diesem Kapitel dargelegt wird, auch Übersetzer musikalischer Ideen.
Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment associated with induced seismicity at geothermal sites in the Upper Rhine Graben (Southern Germany)
Authors: Azari Sisi Aida , Hobiger Manuel , Spies Thomas , Steinberg Andreas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The extraction of geothermal energy is associated with induced seismicity. Depending on the extraction parameters, such as injection pressure and volume, the induced seismicity is time-dependent. We investigate the case of the two geothermal power plants of Insheim and Landau, which are located in the Upper Rhine Graben in Southwest Germany. The induced seismicity was observed by a local seismic network consisting of a total of 19 stations, resulting in an earthquake catalog comprising 930 events for the Landau reservoir and 1985 events for the Insheim reservoir, both between 2012 and 2022. Based on this earthquake catalog, seismic source areas are defined for both reservoirs, and a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) is performed. Using temporal subsets of the earthquake catalog, PSHA can also be performed for shorter time ranges, resulting in larger expected PGV values in times of higher induced seismicity. The seismic velocity profiles obtained by site effect studies based on ambient seismic noise measurements highlight relatively large variations of the site effects on short scales in the area. The consequences of these lateral variations on the seismic hazard assessment are also discussed.
CATEGORICAL FOUNDATIONS OF FORMALIZED CONDENSED MATHEMATICS
Authors: ASGEIRSSON DAGUR , BRASCA RICCARDO , KUHN NIKOLAS , NUCCIO MORTARINO MAJNO DI CAPRIGLIO FILIPPO ALBERTO EDOARDO , TOPAZ ADAM 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Condensed mathematics, developed by Clausen and Scholze over the last few years, proposes a generalization of topology with better categorical properties. It replaces the concept of a topological space by that of a condensed set, which can be defined as a sheaf for the coherent topology on a certain category of compact Hausdorff spaces. In this case, the sheaf condition has a fairly simple explicit description, which arises from studying the relationship between the coherent, regular, and extensive topologies. In this paper, we establish this relationship under minimal assumptions on the category, going beyond the case of compact Hausdorff spaces. Along the way, we also provide a characterization of sheaves and covering sieves for these categories. All results in this paper have been fully formalized in the Lean proof assistant.
Argumentum ad Lunam: Pauline Discourse, “Double Death,” and Competition on the Moon
Authors: Walsh Robyn Faith 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article asks what Paul’s claims about cosmology signify in terms of his competitive position on the nature and purpose of the moon. Specifically, in an age in which discourses and demonstrations involving the moon were rife, I argue that Paul is invoking principals shared by writers like Plutarch on the “double death” of the human being (first as soma on the earth, then as psyche/nous in orbit around and on the moon) and that he envisions an afterlife among the stars in pneumatic form that, to the degree it is anthropomorphic, is ideally male. I also posit that this aspect of Paul’s thought has been overlooked, in part due to the idiosyncratic-yet-pervasive translation of doxa in Paul as “glory” rather than in terms related to typologies and judgment, as it is elsewhere in Greek philosophical literature.
“… angels which Thou hast created of snow and of fire”: Bahá’í Angelology and God’s Dialogic Relationship to Humanity
Authors: Hughey Matthew W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAngelology is in a renaissance. Yet the angels of new religious movements in general, and the Bahá’í Faith in particular, remain less examined. In response, I offer a typology of Bahá’í angels as avatars of the Holy Spirit, distinct celestial beings, spiritually evolved people, manifestations of God, and carriers and personifications of divine virtue. These five types respectively function to emphasize the authority of divinity, accentuate the mystery of spiritual reality, reconcile spirituality and materialism through the duality of human nature, position prophets as “manifestations” of God in the context of “progressive revelation,” and attempt to make the unknowable God knowable through the transformation of axiology to ontology. Collectively, Bahá’í angels illumine an understanding of religion as a dialogic relationship. Religion is reconceived as an interactional balance of divine will and human agential choice.
Refractions of Katyn: Photography and Witnessing in Soviet Investigations of Mass Atrocities
Authors: Chan Paula 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Soviet Extraordinary State Commission (Chrezvychainaia gosudarstvennaia komissiia, ChGK) was founded on November 2, 1942. From the outset, photography and eyewitnesses were vital resources for conveying the horrors of the German occupation. Refuting accusations that the USSR was responsible for massacring Polish prisoners of war in Katyn forest further magnified the importance of generating an irrefutable record of Nazi guilt. This article examines the efforts of Stalin's government to bury the Katyn lie beneath images of genuine victims of Hitler's regime. Tracing the diverse origins of the ChGK's photographs and supporting testimony brings into focus the reasons why wartime observers found the Soviet falsification convincing. ChGK materials should be approached as artifacts of mass mobilization. By disentangling these pictures and pages from their propagandistic uses, researchers can move closer to understanding the symbiotic relationship between official narratives and personal truths in the USSR as well as the post-Soviet Russian Federation.
A Review of Suspended Sediment Hysteresis
Authors: Jing Tongge , Zeng Yi , Fang Nufang , Dai Wei , Shi Zhihua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe study of sediment‐riverflow interactions during discrete hydrological events is vital for enhancing our understanding of the hydrological cycle. Hysteresis analysis, relying on high‐resolution, continuous monitoring of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and discharge (Q) data, is an effective tool for investigating complex hydrological events. It captures differing sediment dynamic at the same discharge level, which results from the asynchrony between the hydrograph and sediment graph during different phases of the event. However, there has been no comprehensive review systematically addressing the utility and significance of hysteresis analysis in soil and water management. This review synthesizes findings from over 500 global studies, providing a detailed examination of current research. We trace the development and application of hysteresis analysis in hydrology, illustrating its role in classifying and characterizing events, as well as uncovering sediment sources and transport mechanisms. Furthermore, hysteresis analysis has proven effective in identifying critical hydrological events, offering valuable insights for targeted watershed management. Our spatiotemporal analysis of global hysteresis research shows that over 70% of studies are located in semi‐arid and Mediterranean climate zones, with an increasing focus on alpine and tropical regions due to climate change. This review also highlights critical limitations, including the scarcity of high‐resolution data, inconsistent use of quantitative indices, and limited integration of hysteresis patterns into predictive hydrological approaches. Future research should focus on developing region‐specific hydrological models that incorporate hysteresis dynamics, along with standardizing methodologies to apply hysteresis analysis across diverse climatic and geomorphic settings.
AutoML based workflow for design of experiments (DOE) selection and benchmarking data acquisition strategies with simulation models
Authors: Xu Xukuan , Li Donghui , Bi Jinghou , Moeckel Michael 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDesign of experiments (DOE) is an established method to allocate resources for efficient parameter space exploration. Model based active learning (AL) data sampling strategies have shown potential for further optimization. This paper introduces a workflow for conducting DOE comparative studies using automated machine learning. Based on a practical definition of model complexity in the context of machine learning, the interplay of systematic data generation and model performance is examined considering various sources of uncertainty: this includes uncertainties caused by stochastic sampling strategies, imprecise data, suboptimal modeling, and model evaluation. Results obtained from electrical circuit models with varying complexity show that not all AL sampling strategies outperform conventional DOE strategies, depending on the available data volume, the complexity of the dataset, and data uncertainties. Trade-offs in resource allocation strategies, in particular between identical replication of data points for statistical noise reduction and broad sampling for maximum parameter space exploration, and their impact on subsequent machine learning analysis are systematically investigated. Results indicate that replication oriented strategies should not be dismissed but may prove advantageous for cases with non-negligible noise impact and intermediate resource availability. The provided workflow can be used to simulate practical experimental conditions for DOE testing and DOE selection.