bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estrategias colaborativas de aprendizajes de estudiantes durante la COVID-19. Caso: Curso de Teoría de Control
Authors: Chang Ignacio , Navarro Zeballos Eugenio 
Published: September 2021

Gracias al amplio desarrollo y popularización de las redes informáticas, el conocimiento se encuentra al alcance de prácticamente de cualquier persona al instante. La educación actual continúa con métodos del siglo XIX y XX. Por esta razón, los métodos de enseñanza en la educación superior deben ser actualizados a la realidad que se vive para tratar de potenciar las capacidades del estudiante. Este documento presenta un caso de estudio donde se busca determinar cualitativamente la influencia de la utilización de métodos de aprendizaje que incentivan el trabajo colaborativo en los estudiantes. Por lo que, se le asignó a cada grupo de estudiantes la tarea de resolver un problema de aplicación sobre el curso dado, y adicional se introdujo un reto extra, en el cual se podía utilizar cualquier herramienta libre. El objetivo principal era explicar de manera didáctica cómo se resolvería el problema, con la finalidad de reforzar los conocimientos previos del curso, así como desarrollar habilidades blandas como el trabajo en equipo y la creatividad. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que utilizar el método colaborativo estimula el interés de los estudiantes y en participar; facilita organizar su tiempo para la solución; permite coordinar con los demás miembros del grupo y ser autodidacta.
Increased Nuclear Transporter Importin 7 Contributes to the Tumor Growth and Correlates With CD8 T Cell Infiltration in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Chen Jing , Hu Yan , Teng Yincheng , Yang BiKang 
Published: September 2021

Background: Importin 7 (IPO7), a karyopherin-β protein, is involved in various tumorigenesis and progression abilities by mediating the nuclear import of oncoproteins. However, the exact biological functions of IPO7 remain to be further elucidated.Materials and Methods: TCGA and GEO datasets were used to identify dysregulated expression of IPO7 in various cancers. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses were used to identify the oncogenic functions of IPO7 in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, LC-MS/MS and parallel reaction monitoring analysis were used to comparatively profiled IPO7-related proteomics and potential molecular machinery.Results: Our works demonstrated that the expression of IPO7 was upregulated and was correlated with a poor prognosis in cervical cancer. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that knockdown of IPO7 inhibited the proliferation of HeLa and C-4 I cells. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that IPO7-related cargo proteins mainly were enriched in gene transcription regulation. Then independent PRM analysis for the first time demonstrated that 32 novel IPO7 cargo proteins, such as GTF2I, RORC1, PSPC1, and RBM25. Moreover, IPO7 contributed to activating the PI3K/AKT-mTOR pathway by mediating the nuclear import of GTF2I in cervical cancer cells. Intriguingly, we found that the IPO7 expression was negatively correlated with CD8 T cell infiltration via regulating the expression of CD276 in cervical cancer.Conclusion: This study enhances our understanding of IPO7 nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation and might reveal novel potential therapeutic targets. The results of a negative correlation between the IPO7 and CD8 T cell infiltration indicate that the IPO7 might play an important impact on the immune microenvironment of cervical cancer.
A High-Resolution Regional Climate Model Physics Ensemble for Northern Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Laux Patrick , Dieng Diarra , Portele Tanja C. , Wei Jianhui , Shang Shasha , Zhang Zhenyu , Arnault Joel , Lorenz Christof , Kunstmann Harald 
Published: September 2021

While climate information from General Circulation Models (GCMs) are usually too coarse for climate impact modelers or decision makers from various disciplines (e.g., hydrology, agriculture), Regional Climate Models (RCMs) provide feasible solutions for downscaling GCM output to finer spatiotemporal scales. However, it is well known that the model performance depends largely on the choice of the physical parameterization schemes, but optimal configurations may vary e.g., from region to region. Besides land-surface processes, the most crucial processes to be parameterized in RCMs include radiation (RA), cumulus convection (CU), cloud microphysics (MP), and planetary boundary layer (PBL), partly with complex interactions. Before conducting long-term climate simulations, it is therefore indispensable to identify a suitable combination of physics parameterization schemes for these processes. Using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis product ERA-Interim as lateral boundary conditions, we derived an ensemble of 16 physics parameterization runs for a larger domain in Northern sub-Saharan Africa (NSSA), northwards of the equator, using two different CU-, MP-, PBL-, and RA schemes, respectively, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for the period 2006–2010 in a horizontal resolution of approximately 9 km. Based on different evaluation strategies including traditional (Taylor diagram, probability densities) and more innovative validation metrics (ensemble structure-amplitude-location (eSAL) analysis, Copula functions) and by means of different observation data for precipitation (P) and temperature (T), the impact of different physics combinations on the representation skill of P and T has been analyzed and discussed in the context of subsequent impact modeling. With the specific experimental setup, we found that the selection of the CU scheme has resulted in the highest impact with respect to the representation of P and T, followed by the RA parameterization scheme. Both, PBL and MP schemes showed much less impact. We conclude that a multi-facet evaluation can finally lead to better choices about good physics scheme combinations.
Diagnosis of Ovarian Neoplasms Using Nomogram in Combination With Ultrasound Image-Based Radiomics Signature and Clinical Factors
Authors: Qi Lisha , Chen Dandan , Li Chunxiang , Li Jinghan , Wang Jingyi , Zhang Chao , Li Xiaofeng , Qiao Ge , Wu Haixiao , Zhang Xiaofang , Ma Wenjuan 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To establish and validate a nomogram integrating radiomics signatures from ultrasound and clinical factors to discriminate between benign, borderline, and malignant serous ovarian tumors.Materials and methods: In this study, a total of 279 pathology-confirmed serous ovarian tumors collected from 265 patients between March 2013 and December 2016 were used. The training cohort was generated by randomly selecting 70% of each of the three types (benign, borderline, and malignant) of tumors, while the remaining 30% was included in the validation cohort. From the transabdominal ultrasound scanning of ovarian tumors, the radiomics features were extracted, and a score was calculated. The ability of radiomics to differentiate between the grades of ovarian tumors was tested by comparing benign vs borderline and malignant (task 1) and borderline vs malignant (task 2). These results were compared with the diagnostic performance and subjective assessment by junior and senior sonographers. Finally, a clinical-feature alone model and a combined clinical-radiomics (CCR) model were built using predictive nomograms for the two tasks. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were performed to evaluate the model performance.Results: The US-based radiomics models performed satisfactorily in both the tasks, showing especially higher accuracy in the second task by successfully discriminating borderline and malignant ovarian serous tumors compared to the evaluations by senior sonographers (AUC = 0.789 for seniors and 0.877 for radiomics models in task one; AUC = 0.612 for senior and 0.839 for radiomics model in task 2). We showed that the CCR model, comprising CA125 level, lesion location, ascites, and radiomics signatures, performed the best (AUC = 0.937, 95%CI 0.905–0.969 in task 1, AUC = 0.924, 95%CI 0.876–0.971 in task 2) in the training as well as in the validation cohorts (AUC = 0.914, 95%CI 0.851–0.976 in task 1, AUC = 0.890, 95%CI 0.794–0.987 in task 2). The calibration curve and DCA analysis of the CCR model more accurately predicted the classification of the tumors than the clinical features alone.Conclusion: This study integrates novel radiomics signatures from ultrasound and clinical factors to create a nomogram to provide preoperative diagnostic information for differentiating between benign, borderline, and malignant ovarian serous tumors, thereby reducing unnecessary and risky biopsies and surgeries.
Relationship Between Inflammation and Metabolism in Patients With Newly Presenting Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jutley Gurpreet Singh , Sahota Kalvin , Sahbudin Ilfita , Filer Andrew , Arayssi Thurayya , Young Stephen P. , Raza Karim 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSystemic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with metabolic changes. We used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy–based metabolomics to assess the relationship between an objective measure of systemic inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP)] and both the serum and urinary metabolome in patients with newly presenting RA.MethodsSerum (n=126) and urine (n=83) samples were collected at initial presentation from disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug naïve RA patients for metabolomic profile assessment using 1-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Metabolomics data were analysed using partial least square regression (PLS-R) and orthogonal projections to latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) with cross validation.ResultsUsing PLS-R analysis, a relationship between the level of inflammation, as assessed by CRP, and the serum (p=0.001) and urinary (p&lt;0.001) metabolome was detectable. Likewise, following categorisation of CRP into tertiles, patients in the lowest CRP tertile and the highest CRP tertile were statistically discriminated using OPLS-DA analysis of both serum (p=0.033) and urinary (p&lt;0.001) metabolome. The most highly weighted metabolites for these models included glucose, amino acids, lactate, and citrate. These findings suggest increased glycolysis, perturbation in the citrate cycle, oxidative stress, protein catabolism and increased urea cycle activity are key characteristics of newly presenting RA patients with elevated CRP.ConclusionsThis study consolidates our understanding of a previously identified relationship between serum metabolite profile and inflammation and provides novel evidence that there is a relationship between urinary metabolite profile and inflammation as measured by CRP. Identification of these metabolic perturbations provides insights into the pathogenesis of RA and may help in the identification of therapeutic targets.
Sleeping, Smoking, and Kidney Diseases: Evidence From the NHANES 2017–2018
Authors: Wu Chia-Chao , Wang Han-En , Liu Yi-Chun , Zheng Cai-Mei , Chu Pauling , Lu Kuo-Cheng , Chu Chi-Ming , Chang Yu-Tien 
Published: September 2021

Study Objectives: Smoking and sleep are modifiable factors associated with the chronic kidney diseases. However, the interaction of smoking and sleep on the renal function are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the interactive impacts of smoking and sleep on the renal function.Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study population were categorized into nine subgroups by smoking (smoking every day, sometimes, and non-smokers recently) and sleep duration (short duration ≤ 6 h, normal duration 6–9 h, and longer duration ≥ 9 h on the weekdays).Results: The study group with a short sleep duration had significantly higher serum cotinine and hydrocotinine levels compared with the other two sleep groups. After adjusting the demographic characteristics (age, race, body mass index, and marital status), sleep quality (snoring or breathing cessation), and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, high cholesterol, anemia, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, and stroke), non-smokers with short or long sleep duration had significant lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels than the study group who smoked every day and slept ≤ 6 h. The effects of sleep duration on eGFR levels varied with smoking status. For the study group smoking every day, eGFR levels increased as sleep duration decreased, whereas for the study group smoking sometimes, eGFR levels increased as sleep duration increased. The U-shaped effects of eGFR levels were observed among non-smokers whose normal sleep duration was associated with better eGFR levels. Normal sleep duration was an important protective factor of the renal function for non-smokers than smokers.Conclusions: The effects of sleep duration on eGFR levels varied with smoking status. Normal sleep duration was a protective factor and more crucial for non-smokers than for smokers.
Abdominal Acupuncture as an Adjunctive Therapy for the Recovery of Motor Function After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhan Jie , Xiong Buhui , Zhang Peiming , Wang Yiqiao , Tang Yuyuan , Zhan Lechang , Lu Liming 
Published: September 2021

Background:Bo's abdominal acupuncture (BAA) is a novel therapy in alternative and complementary medicine and has been frequently used for stroke recovery in recent decades. However, no systematic evidence has been performed to confirm the effect and safety of BAA as an adjunctive therapy for post-stroke motor dysfunction (PSMD).Objectives:This review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of BAA as an adjunctive therapy for improving allover motor function, upper limb motor function, lower limb motor function, and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with PSMD.Methods:Seven databases were searched from inception to December 2020: Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biological Medicine Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, WAN FANG, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving BAA plus another therapy vs. the same other therapy alone were identified. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias criteria. If more than half of the domains in a study are at low risk of bias, the overall quality of the study is low risk. We conducted a meta-analysis for primary outcomes using a random effects model and performed a narrative summary for the secondary outcome. We also conducted subgroup analysis for primary outcomes based on different add-on treatments to BAA. Random effects and fixed effects models were used to test the robustness of the pooled data. We also tested the robustness of the meta-analysis using specific methodological variables that could affect primary outcome measures.Results:Twenty-onetrials with 1,473 patients were included in this systematic review. The overall quality of the 14 included trials (66.7%) was low risk. Meta-analyses indicated that the effect of the BAA group was better than that of the non-EA group on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale (FMA) (weight mean difference (WMD) 9.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.23 to 11.83,P&lt; 0.00001), FMA for upper extremities (WMD 11.08, 95% CI 5.83 to 16.32,P&lt; 0.0001), FMA for lower extremities (WMD 5.57, 95% CI 2.61 to 8.54,P= 0.0002), and modified Barthel Index (standardized mean difference (SMD) 1.02, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.39,P&lt; 0.00001). Two trials (9.5%) reported BAA-related adverse events, and the most common adverse event was local subcutaneous ecchymosis.Conclusions:BAA as an adjunctive therapy may have clinical benefits for improving allover motor function, upper limb motor function, lower limb motor function, and ADL in patients with PSMD. BAA-related adverse events were rare, tolerable, and recoverable. However, our review findings should be interpreted with caution because of the methodological weaknesses in the included trials. High-quality trials are needed to assess the adjunctive role of BAA in patients with PSMD.
LncRNA SLCO4A1-AS1 Accelerates Growth and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer via Regulation of the miR-149/XIAP Axis
Authors: Fang Yantian , Sun Bo , Gao Jianpeng , Huang Yakai , Wang Chenchen 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveRecently, long noncoding RNA SLCO4A1 antisense RNA 1 (SLCO4A1-AS1) has been shown to act as an oncogene in several cancer types; however, its role in gastric cancer (GC) and its underlying molecular mechanisms are yet to be elucidated.MethodsUsing the ENCORI database, we identified SLCO4A1-AS1, miR-149-5p (miR-149), and the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) whose expressions were obviously changed in GC samples, and analyzed the correlation between their expressions in GC samples. Moreover, we explored the expression of SLCO4A1-AS1, miR-149, and XIAP in clinical samples and GC cell lines using RT-qPCR and western blotting assay; the correlation between them was analyzed using RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter. CCK-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays were conducted to determine the effects of SLCO4A1-AS1, miR-149, and XIAP expression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to explore their function in xenograft growth.ResultsSLCO4A1-AS1 was significantly upregulated in the GC samples and cell lines, and a high level of SLCO4A1-AS1 was associated with an advanced tumor stage and shortened patient survival. Mechanistically, SLCO4A1-AS1 post-transcriptionally regulated XIAP by functioning as competing endogenous RNA in GC to sponge miR-149. Further functional assays revealed that the overexpression of miR-149 and knockdown of XIAP considerably inhibited GC cell viability and its migratory and invasive characteristics in vitro. SLCO4A1-AS1 knockdown also determined the function of GC cells but was diminished by the miR-149 inhibitor in vitro. Finally, we demonstrated that the deletion of SLCO4A1-AS1 suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo.ConclusionsAltogether, these findings suggest that SLCO4A1-AS1 functions as a crucial oncogenic lncRNA in GC and it can facilitate GC tumor growth and metastasis by interacting with miR-149 and enhancing XIAP expression. Therefore, SLCO4A1-AS1 is a potential novel therapeutic target in GC treatment.
Smoking, DNA Methylation, and Breast Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Tang Haibo , Yang Desong , Han Chaofei , Mu Ping 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSmoking was strongly associated with breast cancer in previous studies. Whether smoking promotes breast cancer through DNA methylation remains unknown.MethodsTwo-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to assess the causal effect of smoking-related DNA methylation on breast cancer risk. We used 436 smoking-related CpG sites extracted from 846 middle-aged women in the ARIES project as exposure data. We collected summary data of breast cancer from one of the largest meta-analyses, including 69,501 cases for ER+ breast cancer and 21,468 cases for ER− breast cancer. A total of 485 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) for smoking-related DNA methylation. We further performed an MR Steiger test to estimate the likely direction of causal estimate between DNA methylation and breast cancer. We also conducted colocalization analysis to evaluate whether smoking-related CpG sites shared a common genetic causal SNP with breast cancer in a given region.ResultsWe established four significant associations after multiple testing correction: the CpG sites of cg2583948 [OR = 0.94, 95% CI (0.91–0.97)], cg0760265 [OR = 1.07, 95% CI (1.03–1.11)], cg0420946 [OR = 0.95, 95% CI (0.93–0.98)], and cg2037583 [OR =1.09, 95% CI (1.04–1.15)] were associated with the risk of ER+ breast cancer. All the four smoking-related CpG sites had a larger variance than that in ER+ breast cancer (all p &lt; 1.83 × 10−11) in the MR Steiger test. Further colocalization analysis showed that there was strong evidence (based on PPH4 &gt; 0.8) supporting a common genetic causal SNP between the CpG site of cg2583948 [with IMP3 expression (PPH4 = 0.958)] and ER+ breast cancer. There were no causal associations between smoking-related DNA methylation and ER− breast cancer.ConclusionsThese findings highlight potential targets for the prevention of ER+ breast cancer. Tissue-specific epigenetic data are required to confirm these results.
A Tumor-Infiltration CD8+ T Cell-Based Gene Signature for Facilitating the Prognosis and Estimation of Immunization Responses in HPV+ Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Wu Yingning , Meng Lingzhang , Cai Kai , Zhao Jingjie , He Siyuan , Shen Jiajia , Wei Qiuju , Wang Zechen , Sooranna Suren , Li Hengguo , Song Jian 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundCD8+ T cells, which play a vital role in response to adaptive immunity, are closely related to the immunization responses to kill tumor cells. Understanding the effects exerted by tumor-infiltrated CD8+ T cells in HPV+ and HPV- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients is critical for predicting their prognosis as well as their responses towards immunization-related therapy.Materials and MethodsHNSCC single cell transcriptome was used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on CD8+ T cells. A gene signature associated with CD8+ T cells was built and verified with the cancer genome atlas dataset with a view to predicting the prognosis of HNSCC patients. Risk scores were calculated for HNSCC cases and categorized into either high- or low-risk cohorts. The prognosis-correlated data of the risk scores were analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multi-variate Cox regression plots. In addition, the possibility of using the genetic profiles to predict responses toward immunization-related therapy was explored.ResultsFrom the DEGs screened from the sequencing of single-cell RNA, a gene signature of 4 genes (ACAP1, ANKRD28, C12orf75, and M6PR) were identified. It was seen that these genes could predict overall survival in HPV+ HNSCC patients. In addition, high- and low-risk HPV+ HNSCC patients showed marked differences in their CD8+ T-cell infiltration due to immunization when clinical characteristics were taken into consideration. This correlated with their immunization therapy responses.ConclusionsOur work provides insights into explaining the restricted responses of current immunization checkpoint inhibiting substances in HPV+ HNSCC patients. A novel genetic signature to predict the prognosis and immunization-correlated therapeutic responses is presented. This will provide potential new therapeutic opportunities for HPV+ HNSCC patients.