bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three types of passivators on the stabilization of exogenous lead-contaminated soil with different particle sizes
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Cai Xiongfei , Wang Ji , Li Ding , Zhao Shijie , Yu Xinjie , Xu Die , Zhang Shuai 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStudy on the form partitioning and content of heavy metals in soil particles with different sizes is crucial for preventing and controlling heavy metals pollution, but few studies regard soil contaminated by heavy metals as a homogeneous body. In this study (Fig. 1), goat manure, lime and phosphate were used to stabilize exogenous lead (Pb). These soil passivators’ differential effects on total Pb and Pb with different chemical forms in soil particles of different sizes as well as Pb immobilization in soil were investigated. By passivation experiment in laboratory for 45 days, the passivation effect of the single and combined application treatments on exogenous Pb and partitioning characteristics were analyzed and compared. The characterization method of fine sand microstructure and mineral composition analysis was used. The results showed that the single application of P5 and combined application of LP5 had optimum passivation efficiency. The content of DTPA-Pb was reduced with P5 by 65.27% and the percentage of available Pb decreased significantly in soil particles of the four sizes. The content of TCLP-Pb and available Pb (weak acid extraction and reducible Pb) significantly decreased by 71.60 and 25.12% respectively after the application of LP5 in the original soil. Furthermore, most of the total Pb was enriched in coarse sand and clay, while its content was lower in fine sand and silt. The combined application treatment of GL5 significantly increased the content of weak acid extractable and reducible Pb in fine sand, silty sand and clay. Through SEM and XRD analysis, it was found that the diffraction peak of P5 treatment groups might be related to the formation of insoluble Pb that contained compounds, which were mainly mineral components, including quartz, feldspar and mica, and LP showed a big potential in the study on passivation of heavy metal Pb-contaminated soil in the natural environment. In conclusion, further studies on the different dosage and metal-contamination levels as well as different combination forms of passivators should be considered under natural conditions, the selection of suitable passivators according to soil texture is of great significance for remediation of Pb-contaminated soil.
Temporal clustering of Kawasaki disease cases around the world
Authors: Burney Jennifer A. , DeHaan Laurel L. , Shimizu Chisato , Bainto Emelia V. , Newburger Jane W. , DeBiasi Roberta L. , Dominguez Samuel R. , Portman Michael A. , Melish Marian , Bratincsak Andras , Fabi Marianna , Corinaldesi Elena , Yu Jeong Jin , Gee Paul , Kitano Naomi , Tremoulet Adriana H. , Cayan Daniel R. , Burns Jane C. ,   the Kawasaki Disease Climate Study Group, Ansusinha Emily , Jone Pei-Ni , Hite Michelle , Heizer Heather R. , Anderson Marsha S. , Pavan Valentina , Andreozzi Laura , Gee Waverley , Suzuki Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn a single-site study (San Diego, CA, USA), we previously showed that Kawasaki Disease (KD) cases cluster temporally in bursts of approximately 7 days. These clusters occurred more often than would be expected at random even after accounting for long-term trends and seasonality. This finding raised the question of whether other locations around the world experience similar temporal clusters of KD that might offer clues to disease etiology. Here we combine data from San Diego and nine additional sites around the world with hospitals that care for large numbers of KD patients, as well as two multi-hospital catchment regions. We found that across these sites, KD cases clustered at short time scales and there were anomalously long quiet periods with no cases. Both of these phenomena occurred more often than would be expected given local trends and seasonality. Additionally, we found unusually frequent temporal overlaps of KD clusters and quiet periods between pairs of sites. These findings suggest that regional and planetary range environmental influences create periods of higher or lower exposure to KD triggers that may offer clues to the etiology of KD.
Mumio (Shilajit) as a potential chemotherapeutic for the urinary bladder cancer treatment
Authors: Kloskowski T. , Szeliski K. , Krzeszowiak K. , Fekner Z. , Kazimierski Ł. , Jundziłł A. , Drewa T. , Pokrywczyńska M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMumio (Shilajit) is a traditional medicinal drug known and used for hundreds of years. Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancer types and better treatments are needed. This study analysed the in vitro effect of Mumio on urinary bladder cancer cells (T24 and 5637) in comparison to normal uroepithelial cells (SV-HUC1). Cytotoxicity of Mumio was analysed in these cell lines via MTT and real-time cell growth assays as well via the assessment of the cytoskeleton, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Mumio affected the viability of both cell types in a time and concentration dependent manner. We observed a selectivity of Mumio against cancer cells. Cell cycle and apoptosis analysis showed that Mumio inhibited G0/G1 or S phase cell cycle, which in turn induced apoptosis. Our results showed that Mumio was significantly more cytotoxic to urinary bladder cancer cells than to normal cells. These results are promising and indicate Mumio as a great candidate for urinary bladder cancer treatment and further investigations should be performed.
Advanced trap lateral flow immunoassay sensor for the detection of cortisol in human bodily fluids
Authors: Oh Hyun-Kyung , Kim Kihyeun , Park Jinhee , Jang Hyungjun , Kim Min-Gon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPaper-based biosensors based on lateral flow immunoassay (LFI) are promising candidates for POC diagnosis because of their ease of use and rapid target detection. However, the low sensitivity of LFI limits its application, and signal amplification has been used in numerous studies to increase its sensitivity. We developed an advanced trap LFI (α-trapLFI), a simple-to-use sensor, with an additional step for signal amplification. Here, signal amplification is automatically implemented following delayed release of enhancement solution induced by water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol tape. As the polyvinyl alcohol tape is exposed to water, its polymer structure is perturbed (within 5 min), allowing ions to pass through. This new sensor was designed to have a short time delay between the flow of solutions used for the immunoassay and signal amplification. The α-trapLFI was subsequently used to detect cortisol with high sensitivity (9.1 pg∙mL−1) over a broad detection range (0.01–1000 ng∙mL−1) in bodily fluids. Furthermore, an excellent correlation was obtained by analyzing 20 human real saliva samples using this sensor and a conventional ELISA (R2 = 0.90). The new sensor will be helpful in detecting various small molecules for simple, rapid, and portable POC diagnosis of stress disorders.
Trichomonas vaginalis follow-up and persistence in Colombian women
Authors: Hernández-Buelvas Lauren , Camargo Milena , Sánchez Ricardo , Patarroyo Manuel Elkin , Patarroyo Manuel Alfonso 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTrichomonas vaginalis (TV), the most common non-viral sexually-transmitted infection is considered a neglected infection and its epidemiology is not well known. This study determined TV-infection dynamics in a retrospective cohort of Colombian women and evaluated associations between risk factors and TV-outcome. TV was identified by PCR. Cox proportional risk models were used for evaluating the relationship between TV-outcome (infection, clearance and persistence) and risk factors (sexually-transmitted infections and sociodemographic characteristics). Two hundred and sixty-four women were included in the study; 26.1% had TV at the start of the study, 40.9% suffered at least one episode of infection and 13.0% suffered more than one episode of TV during the study. Women suffering HPV had a greater risk of TV-infection (aHR 1.59), high viral-load (> 102) for HPV-16 being related to a greater risk of persistent parasite infection; a high viral load (> 102) for HPV-18 and -33 was related to a lower probability of TV-clearance. Ethnicity (afrodescendent/indigenous people: aHR 5.11) and having had more than two sexual partners (aHR 1.94) were related to greater risk of infection, contrasting with women having a background of abortions and lower probability of having TV (aHR 0.50). Women aged 35- to 49-years-old (aHR 2.08), increased years of sexual activity (aHR 1.10), multiple sexual partners (aHR 8.86) and multiparous women (aHR 3.85) led to a greater probability of persistence. Women whose cervical findings worsened had a 9.99 greater probability of TV-persistence. TV distribution was high in the study population; its coexistence with HPV and other risk factors influenced parasite infection dynamics. The results suggested that routine TV detection should be considered regarding populations at risk of infection.
Development of a real-time signal processing unit for diamond detectors of ITER Vertical Neutron Camera
Authors: Zhuravlev Michael , Nemtcev Grigorii , Nagornyi Nikita , Meshchaninov Sergey , Rodionov Roman , Mironov Andrey , Zvonareva Anzhela , Mironova Ekaterina , Portone Sergey 
Published: November 2021

CVD Diamond Detectors are going to be used in a number of neutron diagnostics of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) during its power operation phase [1]. One of such diagnostics is the Vertical Neutron Camera (VNC), which is being developed by the ITER Russian Domestic Agency (Institution “Project Center ITER”).
In VNC Diamond detectors are used for real-time neutron flux and neutron spectrum measurements. In this paper we present current advancements in the development of a digital signal processing unit for the VNC diamond detector measurement channel. We give an overview of the signal properties, hardware requirements and firmware/software solutions used in the current version of the signal processing unit. We also present preliminary test results for this measurement system and explain the discovered problems and possible solutions.
In-situ gamma irradiation testing of radiation hardened chips till 1 MGy
Authors: Geys David , Cao Ying , Van Uffelen Marco , Casellas Laura Mont , Vermeeren Ludo , Gusarov Andrei 
Published: November 2021

Ten samples of a custom tailored Mega-Gray hardened resolver/LVDT-to-digital converter, a resistive base sensor-to-digital converter and a RS485 communication application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) were combined in 1 irradiation campaign for Fusion for Energy (Barcelona, Spain). Radiation resistance of these ASICs, developed by Magics Instruments (Geel, Belgium) for Fusion for Energy, was assessed for a total ionizing dose (TID) above 1 MGy using the Co-60 gamma underwater irradiation test facility at SCK CEN (Mol, Belgium).
The 3 different ASICs were irradiated at an average dose rate of 484 Gy/h and their performance was continuously measured (in-situ) during 97 irradiation days. A fully autonomous and modular test setup was developed to perform these measurements and ensure continuous operation by implementing a recovery and warning system in case of failure to restrict measurement data loss to minimum.
An in-situ post-irradiation assessment was performed afterwards to observe recovery from the irradiation in a socalled annealing phase. Annealing was done for seven days at room temperature followed by another 7 days of high temperature annealing at 100 °C to accelerate the recovery effect.
During the full test campaign all data was saved in a database, post-processed with Python into readable plots to deduct possible performance shifts due to the irradiation and afterwards during recovery.
During the complete testing campaign of these ASICs the ESCC22900 (Total Dose Steady-State Irradiation Test Method) standard was followed.
Characterization of the X-ray spectrum of a linear accelerator
Authors: Maulin Maëva , Allinei Pierre Guy , Eck Daniel , Estre Nicolas , Payan Emmanuel , Tisseur David , Kessedjian Grégoire 
Published: November 2021

The Nuclear Measurement Laboratory (LMN) at CEA Cadarache in France uses a high-energy electron linear accelerator, LINAC (9-21 MeV), to characterize nuclear waste drums. It enables to explore new examination modalities, such as active photon interrogation or dualenergy CT to scan large concrete objects with diameters up to 140 cm. These techniques require precise awareness of the photon spectrum emitted by the LINAC. However, direct measure of this photon energy spectrum cannot be achieved because of the accelerator pulses causing detector saturation. During the last few years, a large number of indirect methods has been developed. From an experimental point of view, the simplest indirect method for spectrum estimation method is ransmission measurements. Because it can be set up easily and accurately using an ionization chamber as well as an appropriate screen. The obtained transmission curve depends on the photon energy spectrum, which can be estimated using inverse models.
In this paper, we present the development of a numerical model to determine the energy spectrum from an attenuation curve via transmission measurements which combines two types of inverse models: a continue model and a discrete model.
We validate this tool using a test spectrum and its transmission curve obtained via Monte-Carlo simulation. This qualification allowed us to determine its sensitivity (signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) in order to have a good convergence. We show that if the SNR is less than 4%, we have a good estimation of the photon energy spectrum. Then, it was experimentally tested with a transmission curve obtained at the laboratory.
Measuring gamma doses over the mGy-kGy range with a single type of TLD detector
Authors: Gruel Adrien , Sardet Alix , Chaussonnet Vincent , Houdouin-Quenault Maxime , Garnier Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Thermo-luminescent detectors are currently used to measure gamma doses in the medical and environmental surveillance fields. During the past few years, the CEA Reactor Studies Division tested and validated the use of these detectors for gamma flux characterization and nuclear heating measurements in mixed neutron/gamma fields of low power reactors. Doses were comprised between a few mGy and a few Gy for dose rates up to a few Gy.h-1. However, in MTR or TRIGA reactors, the gamma flux level is much higher (> 1012 n/cm2/s) and the TLD currently in use (CaF2:Mn and 7LiF:Mg,Ti) and their readout protocols were no longer suitable for the resulting doses. In order to extend the applicable dose range up to ∼1 MGy (dose rate of a few kGy.h-1), several options were explored. On one side, some adjustments were made to the readout protocols of CaF2:Mn and 7LiF:Mg,Ti, notably by testing the use of filters to reduce the amount of light received by the reader PMT to avoid saturation. On the other side, a new type of TLD (LiF:Mg,Cu,P) with different Li enrichments (natural or enriched in 7Li) was tested.
This paper presents the calibration measurements results performed in pure gamma fields, at the irradiation platform of the CEA Cadarache Radioprotection Division, between 250 mGy and 3 Gy for all detector types. In addition to the calibration, these measurements also studied the Mg,Cu,P-doped detectors response: reproducibility, dose rate dependence, incoming photon energy dependence, high temperature effect when reading TLD, etc.
Results show that at low doses Mg,Cu,P-doped TLDs are slightly less stable than CaF2:Mn and 7LiF:Mg,Ti. The sensitivity modification after a high dose exposure seems to indicate that a new protocol readout should be defined for Mg,Cu,P-doped sensors (high temperature peak).
EASY: Educational Alibava System
Authors: García Carmen , Bernabeu José , Herranz Juan , Lacasta Carlos , Lozano Manuel , Martí-García Salvador , Pellegrini Giulio , Ullán Miguel 
Published: November 2021

EASY, a plug-and-play educational system, is portable, compact and a complete system for micro-strip sensor characterization. Ideal for making basic or complex experiments. It is based on the Classic Alibava System [1], largely used within the CERN community to test micro-strip detectors for particle experiments. The system can be configured to work with pulsed laser light or radioactive sources.
The aim of this system is to illustrate students in the operation of a silicon strip detectors
The components of the EASY systems are the Control Unit and the Sensor Unit. The Control Unit is the heart of the system communicating with the Sensor Unit and the Computer software. It contains the Data Acquisition Control and it is also in charge of processing of the sensor data and trigger inputs. In addition, it contains an adjustable Hight Voltage unit for micro-strip sensor bias, with voltage and current display and includes the laser source. The Control Unit communicates with computer software via USB. The Sensor Unit accommodate a p-on-n silicon micro-strip sensor segmented in 128 strips.
EASY comes with an activity book where the students, through 10 exercises, are introduced in the main concepts and functionalities of micro-strip silicon detectors, used in the actual particle physic experiments. The book also provides a full description of the EASY device and the data Acquisition system.
Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) – retrospektive Datenanalyse einer Praxis-Kohorte und Schlussfolgerungen für Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Jahn Sigbert , Diamanti Evangelia , Föhr Julia , Papageorgiou Andria , Herbst Matthias 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungEs wurden 40 Patienten mit Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) aus unserer Praxis nach dem Kriterium „Vorstellung in der Spezialsprechstunde Immundermatologie“ ausgewählt und einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse unterzogen. Entsprechend wurden nur vorhandene Angaben zu Krankheitsmerkmalen, -schwere und -verlauf, zu Therapien sowie zu Laborparametern ausgewertet, keine neuen oder ergänzenden nachträglich erhoben. Unsere Patientenkohorte wird charakterisiert durch epidemiologische Daten wie Geschlechtsverteilung (weiblich:männlich = 1,2:1), Alter (Mittelwert 52 Jahre), Erkrankungsdauer (23 Jahre, 5/40 Patienten mit Late-Onset-Erkrankung). In den meisten Fällen traten die Gelenkbeschwerden deutlich nach, bei nur wenigen Patienten zeitnah zu den Hautsymptomen, auf oder wurden dann bemerkt. Für die Diagnosestellung wurden die CASPAR-Kriterien und der DAPSA-Score verwendet. Die röntgenologische Diagnostik erwies sich als wenig hilfreich. Soweit möglich, wurde bei der Diagnosestellung und Therapieeinleitung mit Kollegen der Rheumatologie oder Kliniken zusammengearbeitet. Entsprechend der Vielzahl zur Verfügung stehender therapeutischer Optionen wurden verschiedene Substanzen eingesetzt und ein Therapiealgorithmus ausgearbeitet. In einigen Fällen wurde versucht, Therapieverläufe mittels DAPSA, PASI, NAPSI und DLQI zu objektivieren. Kasuistische Berichte aus der Kohorte veranlassten uns zur Analyse von Hinweisen auf Atopie (klinische Symptome, Labor- und Testparameter, entsprechende Therapien), wobei wir bei 12/40 Patienten mit PsA atopische Phänomene feststellten. Wir möchten mit dieser retrospektiven, klinischen Datenanalyse einen Beitrag leisten für ein gutes interdisziplinäres Management einer sehr komplexen und häufig schweren Erkrankung in unseren dermatologischen Praxen.
Network Oncolgy Specialist Advisory Service – A Survey of the
Psychosocial Situation of Long Term Cancer Survivors During Childhood or
Adolescents
Authors: Toenne Rebecca , Baumeister Rebecca , Koch Anika , Lindhorst Kristin , Reinhardt Dirk , Kremeike Kerstin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background The number of long term cancer survivors during childhood or
adolescence is increasing steadily. Survivors often suffer from physical or
psychosocial long term effects. There is currently little data on the
arrangement of long term aftercare in the field of psychosocial care.
Methods In November 2017 a questionnaire was sent to 1900 cancer survivors
aged between 18 and 35 years whose diagnosis dated at least five years prior.
The obtained data serve as a condition and needs assessment, how the
(psychosocial) long-term aftercare is perceived by the survivors and what else
is desired. The analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics as well as
the calculation of bivariate correlations.
Results The response rate was 54.9% (n=1.043). The median
interval from the first diagnosis was 20 years. In total 666 survivors
(63.9%) stated that they suffered from at least one long term effect.
Within this, especially neurocognitive themes played a role. 87.2% of
the respondents had the feeling that they had overcome the
illness/therapy well.
Conclusion Through a stronger patient-focussed orientation concerning the
current care and advisory services, the situation of long term survivors could
be improved. This especially includes access to relevant information that
focuses on the available psychosocial and welfare services, as well as to
advisory and care services. Additionally, the development and expansion of care
structures in the areas of neurocognition and psychotherapy is important to
ensure long term participation attendance.
Structure and dynamics of aqueous NaCl solutions at high temperatures and pressures
Authors: Polidori Annalisa , Rowlands Ruth F. , Zeidler Anita , Salanne Mathieu , Fischer Henry E. , Annighöfer Burkhard , Klotz Stefan , Salmon Philip S. 
Published: November 2021

The structure of a concentrated solution of NaCl in D2O was investigated by in situ high-pressure neutron diffraction with chlorine isotope substitution to give site-specific information on the coordination environment of the chloride ion. A broad range of densities was explored by first increasing the temperature from 323 to 423 K at 0.1 kbar and then increasing the pressure from 0.1 to 33.8 kbar at 423 K, thus mapping a cyclic variation in the static dielectric constant of the pure solvent. The experimental work was complemented by molecular dynamics simulations using the TIP4P/2005 model for water, which were validated against the measured equation of state and diffraction results. Pressure-induced anion ordering is observed, which is accompanied by a dramatic increase in the Cl–O and O–O coordination numbers. With the aid of bond-distance resolved bond-angle maps, it is found that the increased coordination numbers do not originate from a sizable alteration to the number of either Cl⋯D–O or O⋯D–O hydrogen bonds but from the appearance of non-hydrogen-bonded configurations. Increased pressure leads to a marked decrease in the self-diffusion coefficients but has only a moderate effect on the ion–water residence times. Contact ion pairs are observed under all conditions, mostly in the form of charge-neutral NaCl0 units, and coexist with solvent-separated Na+–Na+ and Cl−–Cl− ion pairs. The exchange of water molecules with Na+ adopts a concerted mechanism under ambient conditions but becomes non-concerted as the state conditions are changed. Our findings are important for understanding the role of extreme conditions in geochemical processes.