bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal function outcomes and kidney biopsy features of living kidney donors with hypertension
Authors: Merzkani Massini A. , Mullan Aidan , Denic Aleksandar , D'Costa Matthew , Iverson Ryan , Kremers Walter , Alexander Mariam P. , Textor Stephen C. , Taler Sandra J. , Stegall Mark D. , Augustine Joshua , Issa Naim , Rule Andrew D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe medium‐ to long‐term outcomes of living kidney donors with hypertension compared to normotensive donors are not well understood, especially with the recent changes in hypertension guidelines.MethodsWe studied a cohort of 950 living kidney donors using different definitions of hypertension based on either ≥140/90 or ≥130/80 mmHg thresholds and based on either office or ambulatory blood pressure readings. Microstructural features on kidney biopsy at the time of donation were compared using different definitions of hypertension.ResultsAfter adjusting for years of follow‐up, age, sex, and baseline eGFR, hypertension (by any definition) did not significantly predict an eGFR < 45 ml/min/1.73 m2 at a median follow‐up of 10 years postdonation, though there was a borderline association with ambulatory blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg predicting a 40% decline in eGFR (OR = 1.53, 1.00–2.36; p = .051). Proteinuria was predicted by office blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg and by nondipper profile on nocturnal ambulatory blood pressure measurements. At the time of donation, larger glomeruli and arterial hyalinosis on biopsy were associated with hypertension defined by either ≥140/90 or ≥130/80 mmHg (by office or ambulatory measurements). Nocturnal nondipper status was associated with larger glomeruli size but not arteriolar hyalinosis when compared to dippers.ConclusionsIn programs that accept donors with controlled hypertension, various definitions of hypertension are associated with histological findings in the donated kidney, but none predict a clinically significant decline in kidney function 10 years after donation. These data support allowing healthy individuals with controlled hypertension to donate a kidney. However, donors with office hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) and nondippers (regardless of hypertension status) are at greater long‐term risk for proteinuria, and particularly for these donors, longer follow‐up is warranted.
High‐risk human papillomavirus and ZEB1 in ocular adnexal sebaceous carcinoma
Authors: Moore Robert F. , Zhang Xinhai R. , Allison Derek B. , Rooper Lisa M. , Campbell Ashley A. , Eberhart Charles G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundOcular adnexal (OA) sebaceous carcinoma is an aggressive malignancy. Oncologic drivers of ocular sebaceous carcinoma are incompletely understood.MethodsA retrospective search of our pathology archives for OA sebaceous carcinoma identified 18 primary resection specimens. Immunohistochemistry for p16 and ZEB1 and RNA in situ hybridization for high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes were performed.ResultsHigh‐risk HPV was demonstrated in 2/11 (18%) cases. p16 overexpression was observed in 10/11 (91%). No association between gender, age at presentation, tumor location, intraepithelial spread, tumor size, and T stage was observed between HPV‐driven and nonviral cases. High expression of ZEB1 was observed in the intraepithelial component of 4/14 (28%) cases and in the subepithelial component of 1/13 (7%) cases. ZEB1 overexpression was not associated with HPV status, T stage, or tumor size.ConclusionAs previously described by others, our findings suggest that a subset of OA sebaceous carcinomas may arise via an HPV‐dependent pathway. However, unlike high‐risk HPV‐driven carcinomas of the oropharynx, we did not identify an association between HPV‐status and prognostic features. Furthermore, p16 expression was not a useful surrogate marker for HPV‐driven disease. ZEB1 overexpression is not associated with HPV in our cohort of ocular sebaceous carcinoma.
Perineuriomatous nevi: A series of eight cases highlighting unifying pathologic features to avoid misdiagnosis
Authors: McAfee John L. , Dermawan Josephine K. , Billings Steven D. , Ko Jennifer S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPerineuriomatous nevi are rare and diagnostically problematic. We report a series of eight perineuriomatous nevi to highlight the diagnostic features.MethodsCases were retrospectively reviewed and characterized.ResultsMedian age was 42.5 years (range 25‐64), with equal sex distribution. Lesions occurred on the arm (n = 4), trunk (n = 2), and head/neck (n = 2). Median size was 7.5 mm (range 5‐12 mm). Clinical differential diagnoses included atypical nevus (3), blue nevus (1), neurofibroma (1), and dermatofibroma (1). Lesions were circumscribed, dome‐shaped (5/8), and biphasic (8/8) with nested epithelioid cells and wavy spindled cells arranged in whorled fascicles in a myxocollagenous stroma. When present, junctional growth was lentiginous (4/8). No cases displayed pleomorphism or mitotic figures. The perineuriomatous component stained positively for epithelial membrane antigen (8/8 focal to diffuse) and CD34 (4/5 focal to diffuse). SOX10 and S100 protein stained all nevoid cells and in some cases a subset of intermingled spindled cells in perineuriomatous areas, where other melanocytic markers were negative. p16 protein expression was uniformly retained (3/3), and p53 negative (0/2). Nevoid cells in most lesions were positive for BRAFV600E (5/7). Ki67 was mildly elevated (~5%) in 3/3 cases.ConclusionsRecognizing the histopathologic and immunophenotypic features in these unusual nevi helps avoid overdiagnosis.
Abolition of the obligation to cease an occupation for acknowledgment of an occupational skin disease: Backgrounds and perspectives
Authors: Elsner Peter 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe occupational disease skin No. 5101 (“severe or recurrent skin diseases that have forced the patient to refrain from all activities that were or could be the cause of the development, aggravation or resurgence of the disease”) is the most frequently notified occupational disease in Germany. Since 1936, the medical‐objective obligation to refrain from risky work activities, which has been necessary for the recognition of this occupational disease, was intended to delimit trivial diseases, facilitate the determination of occupational causality and promote prevention.The abolition of the legal obligation to refrain from risky work activities as a criterion for the recognition of the occupational disease 5101 as of 01.01.2021 has significant effects on the occupational dermatological care and expert assessment of this occupational disease. For less severe occupational skin diseases, however, the preventive dermatologist’s procedure established since 1972 will continue to apply.
“Summer sowing”: A successful innovation to increase the adoption of key species of annual forage legumes for agriculture in Mediterranean and temperate environments
Authors: Nutt Brad J. , Loi Angelo , Hackney Belinda , Yates Ron J. , D’Antuono Mario , Harrison Robert J. , Howieson John G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper reports on the evaluation of “summer sowing,” an innovative approach to increase the adoption of recently domesticated species of hard seeded annual legumes in Mediterranean and temperate Agriculture. The research revealed that several species of annual legumes whose seed can be readily harvested on‐farm and which possess natural hard seed dormancy, may be sown into dry soil in late summer without additional processing. These studies proved that the hard seed dormancy was broken down sufficiently in the soil over 4–6 weeks to produce robust legume pastures with more than 150 seedlings per m2 following the first winter rains, in replicated field sites established across wide agro‐ecological zones in Western Australia (WA) and New South Wales (NSW). Ornithopus sativus Brot., O. compressus L. and Trifolium spumosum L. were suitable for summer sowing based on both hard seed breakdown patterns and subsequent seedling survival in WA. While in NSW, in addition to these legumes, Biserrula pelecinus L., T. vesiculosum Savi. and T. glanduliferum Boiss. were also suitable for summer sowing. A 1.5‐ to 10‐fold increase in herbage production was achieved relative to conventionally sown T. subterraneum L. This development represents a step change in forage legume development for renovated pastures in these environments. Importantly, the experiments revealed differences in G x E effects on seedling establishment, total herbage production and seed yield in different climatic zones. The summer sowing approach is presented as a revolutionary method for pasture renovation that overcomes significant barriers to adoption.
Optimizing the growth of forage and grain legumes on low pH soils through the application of superior Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae strains
Authors: Yates Ron J. , Steel Emma J. , Poole Chris M. , Harrison Robert J. , Edwards Tom J. , Hackney Belinda F. , Stagg Georgina R. , Howieson John G. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractClimate variability and current farming practices have led to declining soil fertility and pH, with a heavy reliance on fertilizers and herbicides. The addition of forage and grain legumes to farming systems not only improves soil health but also increases farm profitability through nitrogen (N) fertilizer cost offsets. However, the formation of effective symbioses between legumes and rhizobia can be unreliable and is considered at risk when combined with dry sowing practices such as those that have been designed to obviate effects of climate change. This research was initiated to improve the robustness of the legume/rhizobia symbiosis in low pH, infertile and dry soils. Production from two cultivars of field pea (Pisum sativum) and two species of vetch (Vicia spp.), and symbiotic outcomes when inoculated with a range of experimental rhizobial strains (Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae), was assessed in broad acre field trials which simulated farmer practice. New rhizobia strains increased nodulation, N fixation, produced more biomass and higher seed yield than comparator commercial strains. Strain WSM4643 also demonstrated superior survival when desiccated compared to current commercial strains in the laboratory and on seed when delivered as inoculant in peat carriers. WSM4643 is a suitable prospect for a commercial inoculant in Australia and other agricultural areas of the world where growing peas and vetch on soils generally considered problematic for this legume/rhizobia symbiosis. A particular advantage of WSM4643 may be that it potentiates sowing inoculated legumes into dry soil, which is a contemporary response by farmers to climate variation.
Productivity and nutritional value of 20 species of perennial legumes in a low‐rainfall Mediterranean‐type environment in southern Australia
Authors: Norman Hayley C. , Humphries Alan W. , Hulm Elizabeth , Young Paul , Hughes Steve J. , Rowe Trevor , Peck David M. , Vercoe Phil E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the rain‐fed mixed‐farming systems of southern Australia, the consistent supply of high‐value forage is limited by a range of climatic, edaphic and systems constraints. Over 2 years, we compared biomass production and nutritional value of 30 accessions of perennial legumes, and predicted intake, grazing days and growth of ewes and lambs. There was significant variation in nutritional value and biomass production between and within species. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) and sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) produced the greatest amount of biomass and energy. There was variability among accessions in digestibility (DMD), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and crude protein, and the rate of change in these traits as plants matured. Trifolium species had the highest DMD across all growth stages. Hairy canary clover (Dorycnium hirsutum), erect canary clover (Dorycnium rectum), greater birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus uliginosus), Australian trefoil (Lotus australis) and running postman (Kennedia prostrata) had energy levels that would not maintain liveweight of mature sheep. In the second year, species differed in response to harvesting treatments. Lucerne and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) were more productive under a frequent cutting regime. Accessions of white clover (Trifolium repens), red clover (Trifolium pratense), alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum), cullen (Cullen australasicum), strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum), sainfoin and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) showed some promise, while Tedera (Bituminaria bituminosa) and milkvetch (Astragalus cicer) performed poorly under the experimental conditions. We conclude by discussing additional agronomic and nutritional factors that need consideration when developing novel perennial legumes for mixed‐farming systems in the context of a changing climate.
Seasonality of mortality and in‐hospital complications in hip fracture surgery: Retrospective cohort research using a nationwide inpatient database
Authors: Ogawa Takahisa , Yoshii Toshitaka , Higuchi Masaya , Morishita Shingo , Fushimi Kiyohide , Fujiwara Takeo , Okawa Atsushi 
Published: March 2021

AimAmong older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, previous studies have shown a seasonal variation of in‐hospital surgical complications. However, little is known about seasonal effects on mortality and systemic complications after hip fracture surgery. In the present study, we evaluated whether mortality and in‐hospital systemic complications are influenced by seasonal differences.MethodsWe enrolled patients from a nationwide database who underwent hip fracture surgery between 2010 and 2018. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes were in‐hospital systemic complications. The association between the seasonality and in‐hospital outcomes was investigated using multivariable Cox, logistic regression and causal mediation analysis.ResultsWith 425 856 patients (mean age 83.5 years; 79% women), overall in‐hospital mortality was 5324 (1.2%). Fall and winter were associated with a higher mortality than spring (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16; P < 0.001; HR 1.14; P = 0.001, respectively). Across all the seasons, there were 36 834 overall systemic complications (8.6%), with respiratory infection being the most frequent (18 637 [4.4%]). Among these complications, only respiratory infection showed seasonal variation, with a higher prevalence in fall and winter. The mediated effect of respiratory infection on mortality was significantly higher in fall and winter compared with spring (fall, HR 1.06, proportion mediated 36.7%; winter, HR 1.14, proportion mediated 55.0%; all P < 0.001).ConclusionsWe found a significantly higher mortality in fall and winter after hip fracture surgery. Specifically, in winter, the increased in‐hospital death was largely attributed to the increased incidence of respiratory infection. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 398–403.
Groundwater Potential Mapping Using GIS‐Based Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Methods
Authors: Phong Tran Van , Pham Binh Thai , Trinh Phan Trong , Ly Hai‐Bang , Vu Quoc Hung , Ho Lanh Si , Le Hiep Van , Phong Lai Hop , Avand Mohammadtaghi , Prakash Indra 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGroundwater is one of the major valuable water resources for the use of communities, agriculture, and industries. In the present study, we have developed three novel hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) models which is a combination of modified RealAdaBoost (MRAB), bagging (BA), and rotation forest (RF) ensembles with functional tree (FT) base classifier for the groundwater potential mapping (GPM) in the basaltic terrain at DakLak province, Highland Centre, Vietnam. Based on the literature survey, these proposed hybrid AI models are new and have not been used in the GPM of an area. Geospatial techniques were used and geo‐hydrological data of 130 groundwater wells and 12 topographical and geo‐environmental factors were used in the model studies. One‐R Attribute Evaluation feature selection method was used for the selection of relevant input parameters for the development of AI models. The performance of these models was evaluated using various statistical measures including area under the receiver operation curve (AUC). Results indicated that though all the hybrid models developed in this study enhanced the goodness‐of‐fit and prediction accuracy, but MRAB‐FT (AUC = 0.742) model outperformed RF‐FT (AUC = 0.736), BA‐FT (AUC = 0.714), and single FT (AUC = 0.674) models. Therefore, the MRAB‐FT model can be considered as a promising AI hybrid technique for the accurate GPM. Accurate mapping of the groundwater potential zones will help in adequately recharging the aquifer for optimum use of groundwater resources by maintaining the balance between consumption and exploitation.
SFRmaker and Linesink‐Maker: Rapid Construction of Streamflow Routing Networks from Hydrography Data
Authors: Leaf Andrew T. , Fienen Michael N. , Reeves Howard W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGroundwater models have evolved to encompass more aspects of the water cycle, but the incorporation of realistic boundary conditions representing surface water remains time‐consuming and error‐prone. We present two Python packages that robustly automate this process using readily available hydrography data as the primary input. SFRmaker creates input for the MODFLOW SFR package, while Linesink‐maker creates linesink string input for the GFLOW analytic element program. These programs can reduce weeks or even months of manual effort to a few minutes of execution time, and carry the added advantages of reduced potential for error, improved reproducibility and facilitation of step‐wise modeling through reduced dependency on a particular conceptual model or discretization. Two real‐world examples at the county to multi‐state scales are presented.
Isotopically Enriched Geogenic δ81Br and δ37Cl: Primary Evidence for the Ascending Brine Model
Authors: Saeed Waleed , Shouakar‐Stash Orfan , Wood Warren W. , Frape Shaun 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMass balance calculations and hydrodynamics of groundwater flow suggest that the solutes in brines of the coastal sabkha aquifer from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi are derived largely from ascending geologic brines into the sabkha from the underlying formations. Solute interpretation for the ascending brine model (ABM) was based on two independent but secondary lines of evidence (solute ratios and solute fluxes). In the current study, direct primary evidence for this ABM was provided through analyses of δ81Br, δ37Cl, and 87Sr/86Sr. Different solute histories of geologic brine and sea water provide an “isotopic fingerprint” that can uniquely distinguish between the two possible sources. Samples from the coastal sabkha aquifer of Abu Dhabi were determined to have a mean δ81Br of 1.17‰ that is statistically equal, at the 95% confidence level, to the mean of 1.11‰ observed in the underlying geologic brine and statistically different than sea water. Similarly, the δ37Cl in sabkha brine has a mean of 0.25‰ and is statistically equal to a mean of 0.21‰ in the underlying geologic brines at the 95% confidence level and statistically different from sea water. Also, dissolved strontium isotope data are consistent with the ABM and even with the complex set of processes in the sabkha, the variance in strontium isotope results is similar to the geologic brine. These observations provide primary direct evidence consistent that the major source of these solutes (and presumably others in the aquifer) is from discharging geologic brines, not from adjacent sea water.
A hybrid composite for structural applications made of rubber waste tires and calcium phosphate cement
Authors: Revelo Huertas Carlos Fernando , Vieira Carlos Maurício Fontes , Colorado Henry A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this research, a new hybrid composite material is investigated with eight different formulations of waste tires powders, a polyurethane resin, and a wollastonite‐based phosphate cement. The phosphate cement was obtained by mixing wollastonite particles with an aqueous phosphoric acid solution and the waste tire powders were processed with mechanical grinding. A GOM Inspect Professional 3D scanner was used to characterize the surface of the tiles, prepared to be adhered to the phosphate cement. Pull‐out tests were conducted over the system rubber tile‐cement. Also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to understand the microstructure and the interfacial region tile‐cement, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the mineralogical phases in this composite. Two sample formulations evidenced good adhesion results, with binding stress up to 0.274 MPa. Different adhesion mechanisms were identified at the interface, in which the roughness played a significant role in the adhesion of the involved materials.
Going with the flow? Diversification of gastropods reflects drainage evolution in Africa
Authors: Mahulu Anna , Stelbrink Björn , Van Bocxlaer Bert , Riedel Frank , Albrecht Christian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThe roles of geodynamics, climatic variability and landscape evolution in shaping aquatic biodiversity patterns on the African continent remain poorly understood. We studied the geographical origin and phylogenetic relationships of an Afrotropical freshwater snail genus to examine the role of drainage evolution on diversification and range evolution. The relevance of fish provinces in bio‐regionalization of invertebrates was explored, as well as the evolution of habitat specificity.LocationAfrica including Madagascar.TaxonLanistes (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae).MethodsBased on a sampling covering the entire geographical range, we reconstructed a fossil‐calibrated multi‐locus molecular phylogeny using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches. After applying species delimitation methods, we estimated ancestral areas and habitats and examined rates of diversification through time using lineage through time plots.ResultsRAxML and MrBayes analyses resulted in highly congruent topologies and a strongly supported phylogeny. Our BEAST analysis indicate that Lanistes probably originated in the Eocene about 50 Ma and the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of all 23 Lanistes OTUs in our study may have inhabited an area including the Central African and adjacent Lower Guinean biogeographical regions. A steeper increase in species accumulation from the middle Miocene (c. 15 to 10 Ma), followed by a decrease towards the present was found. Sympatry and jump dispersal were the common cladogenetic events and only a single anagenetic dispersal event was detected. The biogeographical analyses further suggest that Madagascar was colonized from East Africa and that the Zambezi River was colonized at least twice independently. Seven species are confined to rivers and three live exclusively in lakes. The estimation of ancestral habitats suggested that the MRCA of all Lanistes probably evolved in a riverine habitat.Main conclusionsThe diversification of Lanistes started in the Eocene and occurred at a constant pace apart from a possible climate‐related increase in the Miocene. This study highlights the significance of temporal geographical isolation of river systems and subsequent reconnection in clade diversification and of jump dispersal in range evolution. More comparative analyses across various taxa are needed to obtain a better understanding of African freshwater biodiversity.