bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holographic boundary actions in AdS3/CFT2 revisited
Authors: Nguyen Kevin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The generating functional of stress tensor correlation functions in two-dimensional conformal field theory is the nonlocal Polyakov action, or equivalently, the Liouville or Alekseev-Shatashvili action. I review its holographic derivation within the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence, both in metric and Chern-Simons formulations. I also provide a detailed comparison with the well-known Hamiltonian reduction of three-dimensional gravity to a flat Liouville theory, and conclude that the two results are unrelated. In particular, the flat Liouville action is still off-shell with respect to bulk equations of motion, and simply vanishes in case the latter are imposed. The present study also suggests an interesting re-interpretation of the computation of black hole spectral statistics recently performed by Cotler and Jensen as that of an explicit averaging of the partition function over the boundary source geometry, thereby providing potential justification for its agreement with the predictions of a random matrix ensemble.
Holographic stress tensor of colored Lifshitz spacetimes and hairy black holes
Authors: Devecioğlu Deniz O. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We compute the holographic stress tensor of colored Lifshitz spacetimes following the proposal by Ross-Saremi for gravity duals of non-relativistic theories. For a well-defined variational principle, we first construct a finite on-shell action for the Einstein-Yang-Mills model in four dimensions with Lifshitz spacetime as a solution. We then solve the linearised equations of motion and identify the modes that preserve the asymptotically Lifshitz condition. Employing these modes, we also show that the stress tensor is finite, obeying the scaling and the diffeomorphism Ward identities, i.e., conservations laws. As a final application, we evaluate the energy density and the spatial stress tensor of the previously found numerical black hole solutions with various dynamical exponents z. The alternative Smarr relation that has been used in Lifshitz black holes and the first law of thermodynamics are shown to hold without a global Yang-Mills charge, indicating the black holes in question are hairy.
QED factorization of two-body non-leptonic and semi-leptonic B to charm decays
Authors: Beneke Martin , Böer Philipp , Finauri Gael , Vos K. Keri 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The QCD×QED factorization is studied for two-body non-leptonic and semi-leptonic B decays with heavy-light final states. These non-leptonic decays, like $$ {\overline{B}}_{(s)}^0\to {D}_{(s)}^{+}{\pi}^{-} $$

B
¯

s

0

→

D

s

+

π
−

and $$ {\overline{B}}_d^0\to {D}^{+}{K}^{-} $$

B
¯

d
0

→

D
+

K
−

, are among the theoretically cleanest non-leptonic decays as penguin loops do not contribute and colour-suppressed tree amplitudes are suppressed in the heavy-quark limit or even completely absent. Advancing the theoretical calculations of such decays requires therefore also a careful analysis of QED effects. Including QED effects does not alter the general structure of factorization which is analogous for both semi-leptonic and non-leptonic decays. For the latter, we express our result as a correction of the tree amplitude coefficient a1. At the amplitude level, we find QED effects at the sub-percent level, which is of the same order as the QCD uncertainty. We discuss the phenomenological implications of adding QED effects in light of discrepancies observed between theory and experimental data, for ratios of non-leptonic over semi-leptonic decay rates. At the level of the rate, ultrasoft photon effects can produce a correction up to a few percent, requiring a careful treatment of such effects in the experimental analyses.
On the structure of solution-sets to regular word equations
Authors: Day Joel D. , Manea Florin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor quadratic word equations, there exists an algorithm based on rewriting rules which generates a directed graph describing all solutions to the equation. For regular word equations – those for which each variable occurs at most once on each side of the equation – we investigate the properties of this graph, such as bounds on its diameter, size, and DAG-width, as well as providing some insights into symmetries in its structure. As a consequence, we obtain a combinatorial proof that the problem of deciding whether a regular word equation has a solution is in NP.
Decidability and Periodicity of Low Complexity Tilings
Authors: Kari Jarkko , Moutot Etienne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper we study colorings (or tilings) of the two-dimensional grid${\mathbb {Z}}^{2}$ℤ2. A coloring is said to be valid with respect to a setPofn×mrectangular patterns if alln×msub-patterns of the coloring are inP. A coloringcis said to be of low complexity with respect to a rectangle if there exist$m,n\in \mathbb {N}$m,n∈ℕand a setPofn×mrectangular patterns such thatcis valid with respect toPand |P|≤nm. Open since it was stated in 1997, Nivat’s conjecture states that such a coloring is necessarily periodic. If Nivat’s conjecture is true, all valid colorings with respect toPsuch that |P|≤mnmust be periodic. We prove that there exists at least one periodic coloring among the valid ones. We use this result to investigate the tiling problem, also known as the domino problem, which is well known to be undecidable in its full generality. However, we show that it is decidable in the low-complexity setting. Then, we use our result to show that Nivat’s conjecture holds for uniformly recurrent configurations. These results also extend to other convex shapes in place of the rectangle. After that, we prove that thenmbound is multiplicatively optimal for the decidability of the domino problem, as for allε> 0 it is undecidable to determine if there exists a valid coloring for a given$m,n\in \mathbb {N}$m,n∈ℕand set of rectangular patternsPof sizen×msuch that |P|≤ (1 +ε)nm. We prove a slightly better bound in the case wherem=n, as well as constructing aperiodic SFTs of pretty low complexity. This paper is an extended version of a paper published in STACS 2020 (Kari and Moutot 12).
A retrospective analysis of perioperative complications associated with retropubic tension-free vaginal tape in 960 women
Authors: Jahn Janosch , Reisenauer Christl , Schoenfisch Birgitt , Amend Bastian , Brucker Sara Yvonne , Andress Juergen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose is to analyse perioperative complications associated with the retropubic tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure and their management.

Methods
This retrospective, monocentric cohort study included 960 women after retropubic TVT procedure performed by one surgeon from 2011 to 2016. Complications were identified up to 6 weeks after the procedure, divided into specific and general complications and classified based on the Clavien–Dindo (CD) Classification. A visit 6 weeks after the surgical procedure was attended by all patients.

Results
77 complications, of which 74 occurred postoperatively and 3 intraoperatively, affecting 72 (7.5%) out of 960 women. Urinary retention and voiding problems were the most common complication. The mean age of women suffering complications was 3.4 years higher in comparison to the mean age of women without complications (p = 0.036). The Body Mass Index (BMI) of the group of women with perioperative complications had an average BMI which was 0.5 kg/m2 lower than the average BMI of the women without complications. 22 (12.8%) out of 172 women with recurrent stress incontinence had postoperative complications, of which 21 were related to the TVT.

Conclusion
The retropubic TVT is a surgical procedure associated with a low number of perioperative complications, even in the group of elderly and overweight women, as well as in cases of recurrent stress incontinence.
Maximum Box Problem on Stochastic Points
Authors: Caraballo Luis E. , Pérez-Lantero Pablo , Seara Carlos , Ventura Inmaculada 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGiven a finite set of weighted points in $${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

(where there can be negative weights), the maximum box problem asks for an axis-aligned rectangle (i.e., box) such that the sum of the weights of the points that it contains is maximized. We consider that each point of the input has a probability of being present in the final random point set, and these events are mutually independent; then, the total weight of a maximum box is a random variable. We aim to compute both the probability that this variable is at least a given parameter, and its expectation. We show that even in $$d=1$$

d
=
1

these computations are #P-hard, and give pseudo-polynomial time algorithms in the case where the weights are integers in a bounded interval. For $$d=2$$

d
=
2

, we consider that each point is colored red or blue, where red points have weight $$+1$$

+
1

and blue points weight $$-\infty $$

-
∞

. The random variable is the maximum number of red points that can be covered with a box not containing any blue point. We prove that the above two computations are also #P-hard, and give a polynomial-time algorithm for computing the probability that there is a box containing exactly two red points, no blue point, and a given point of the plane.
On Perturbation Resilience of Non-uniform k-Center
Authors: Bandyapadhyay Sayan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Non-Uniform k-center (NUkC) problem has recently been formulated by Chakrabarty et al. [ICALP, 2016; ACM Trans Algorithms 16(4):46:1–46:19, 2020] as a generalization of the classical k-center clustering problem. In NUkC, given a set of n points P in a metric space and non-negative numbers $$r_1, r_2, \ldots , r_k$$

r
1

,

r
2

,
…
,

r
k

, the goal is to find the minimum dilation $$\alpha $$
α
and to choose k balls centered at the points of P with radius $$\alpha \cdot r_i$$

α
·

r
i

for $$1\le i\le k$$

1
≤
i
≤
k

, such that all points of P are contained in the union of the chosen balls. They showed that the problem is $$\mathsf {NP}$$
NP
-hard to approximate within any factor even in tree metrics. On the other hand, they designed a “bi-criteria” constant approximation algorithm that uses a constant times k balls. Surprisingly, no true approximation is known even in the special case when the $$r_i$$

r
i

’s belong to a fixed set of size 3. In this paper, we study the NUkC problem under perturbation resilience, which was introduced by Bilu and Linial (Comb Probab Comput 21(5):643–660, 2012). We show that the problem under 2-perturbation resilience is polynomial time solvable when the $$r_i$$

r
i

’s belong to a constant-sized set. However, we show that perturbation resilience does not help in the general case. In particular, our findings imply that even with perturbation resilience one cannot hope to find any “good” approximation for the problem.
Quantifying the impact of heat on human physical work capacity; part III: the impact of solar radiation varies with air temperature, humidity, and clothing coverage
Authors: Foster Josh , Smallcombe James W. , Hodder Simon , Jay Ollie , Flouris Andreas D. , Nybo Lars , Havenith George 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHeat stress decreases human physical work capacity (PWC), but the extent to which solar radiation (SOLAR) compounds this response is not well understood. This study empirically quantified how SOLAR impacts PWC in the heat, considering wide, but controlled, variations in air temperature, humidity, and clothing coverage. We also provide correction equations so PWC can be quantified outdoors using heat stress indices that do not ordinarily account for SOLAR (including the Heat Stress Index, Humidex, and Wet-Bulb Temperature). Fourteen young adult males (7 donning a work coverall, 7 with shorts and trainers) walked for 1 h at a fixed heart rate of 130 beats∙min−1, in seven combinations of air temperature (25 to 45°C) and relative humidity (20 or 80%), with and without SOLAR (800 W/m2 from solar lamps). Cumulative energy expenditure in the heat, relative to the work achieved in a cool reference condition, was used to determine PWC%. Skin temperature was the primary determinant of PWC in the heat. In dry climates with exposed skin (0.3 Clo), SOLAR caused PWC to decrease exponentially with rising air temperature, whereas work coveralls (0.9 Clo) negated this effect. In humid conditions, the SOLAR-induced reduction in PWC was consistent and linear across all levels of air temperature and clothing conditions. Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature and the Universal Thermal Climate Index represented SOLAR correctly and did not require a correction factor. For the Heat Stress Index, Humidex, and Wet-Bulb Temperature, correction factors are provided enabling forecasting of heat effects on work productivity.
Poverty, Exploitation, Mere Things and Mere Means
Authors: Sticker Martin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
I argue that, alongside the already well-established prohibition against treating persons as mere means, Kant’s Formula of Humanity requires a prohibition against treating persons as mere things. The former captures ethical violations due to someone’s (perceived) instrumental value, e.g. exploitation, the latter captures cases in which I mistreat others because they have no instrumental value to me. These are cases in which I am indifferent and complacent towards persons in need; forms of mistreatment frequently suffered by the world’s poorest. I explain why we need the category of treating others as mere things and what the prohibition against such treatment entails. Prohibitions against treating as mere means and as mere things are both essential for understanding the specific nature and extent of our duties to the world’s poorest.
Multi-model genome-wide association and genomic prediction analysis of 16 agronomic, physiological and quality related traits in ICARDA spring wheat
Authors: Alemu Admas , Suliman Sufian , Hagras Adel , Thabet Sherif , Al-Abdallat Ayed , Abdelmula Awadalla Abdalla , Tadesse Wuletaw 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIdentification and exploration of the genetic architecture of traits related to yield, quality, and drought and heat tolerance is important for yield and quality improvement of wheat through marker-assisted selection. One hundred and ninety-two spring wheat genotypes were tested at two heat-stress locations in Sudan (Wad Medani and Dongula), a drought stress site in Morocco (Marchouch) and a site with high yield potential in Egypt (Sids) in replicated trials during the 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 cropping seasons. A total of 10,577 single nucleotide polymorphism markers identified from the 15 K wheat SNP assay were used in a genome-wide association (GWA) study and genomic prediction for 16 phenotypic traits related to yield, quality and drought and heat tolerance. Significant marker-trait associations were detected across GWAS models for all traits. Most detected marker-trait associations (MTAs) were environment-specific, signifying the presence of high quantitative trait loci-by-environment (QTL x E) interaction. Chromosome arm 5AL had significant multi-model MTAs for grain yield and yield-related traits at the heat-stress locations. Highly significant QTLs were detected on chromosome 2D for waxiness. Homoeologous group 2 and 6 chromosomes were with significant MTAs for grain protein content, gluten content, alveograph strength and Zeleny sedimentation test while chromosome arm 3BL was significant for both Z and W traits. Genomic prediction analysis with ridge regression-best linear unbiased prediction model estimated the breeding values of the studied traits with prediction accuracies ranging from 0.16 for leaf rolling to 0.72 for peduncle length. The identified QTLs could be targeted for marker-assisted selection or further studies aimed at fine mapping and cloning the causative genes and detecting favorable haplotypes with positive effects for agronomic, physiological or quality-related traits.
Does Wealth Predict Health Among Dogs in a Protected Area?
Authors: Eisenman Eric J. L. , Koster Jeremy M. , Foley Janet E. , Fiorello Christine V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAs the world's most ubiquitous carnivore, domestic dogs maintain unique proximity to human populations. Partly because dogs potentially serve as hosts of zoonotic diseases, determinants of canine health are increasingly the focus of interdisciplinary research. Emerging perspectives suggest that dogs' health may vary as a function of their owners' wealth and financial resources, a correlation that could potentially inform public health programs and conservation efforts. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between household wealth and the health of domestic dogs (n = 208) among indigenous Mayangna communities in the Bosawás Biosphere Reserve, Nicaragua. The dogs were evaluated using serum biochemistry, complete blood count, and physical exam findings. Using these data, a principal components analysis (PCA) determined the presence of four "syndromes": 1) decreased body condition score (BCS) & hypoalbuminemia; 2) lymphocytosis & eosinophilia; 3) segmented neutrophilia; and 4) lymphadenopathy, tick infestation, & hyperglobulinemia. An inventory of possessions indexed household wealth. For all four syndromes, household wealth was a weak and uninformative predictor of the dogs' health. The few differences seen among dogs from households with different degrees of wealth likely reflect that nearly all dogs had marginal health and all households were relatively poor. Results from this study imply that owners' wealth may have diverse effects on canine health in rural settings.
Effects of site, depth and sori origin on the growth and minerals composition of cultivated Saccharina latissima (Phaeophyceae) in the north of Norway
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Blikra Marthe J. , Evensen Tor H. , Skipnes Dagbjørn , James Philip 
Published: October 2021

AbstractInterest in the cultivation of Saccharina latissima is increasing in the north of Norway. In the present study, S. latissima was cultivated at two sites (Kraknes and Rotsund), 90 km apart, in Troms, northern Norway (69–70°N). The effect of site, depth, and sori origin (Kraknes and Rotsund) on S. latissima growth, biofouling, minerals, and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) content was studied. Large variations in the frond length and wet weight were observed between sites. The site with lower seawater temperature, higher nutrient levels and no freshwater influence (Kraknes) had better growth and later outbreak of epibionts. Sori origin had a significant effect on the growth only at the Kraknes site with S. latissima produced from the Kraknes sori having longer frond length and higher wet weight. The iodine content was, in general, high and increased with cultivation depth. The arsenic and cadmium content varied between sites and was lower than the recommended maximum level for food supplements in EU regulations. The present study shows that growth, biofouling, minerals, and PTEs content vary profoundly within the same geographical region and between sori origin, it thereby underlines the importance of site selection and using traits with high growth rates for seeding and cultivation to achieve maximum biomass.
Interpretable segmentation of medical free-text records based on word embeddings
Authors: Dobrakowski Adam Gabriel , Mykowiecka Agnieszka , Marciniak Małgorzata , Jaworski Wojciech , Biecek Przemysław 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMedical free-text records store a lot of useful information that can be exploited in developing computer-supported medicine. However, extracting the knowledge from the unstructured text is difficult and depends on the language. In the paper, we apply Natural Language Processing methods to process raw medical texts in Polish and propose a new methodology for clustering of patients’ visits. We (1) extract medical terminology from a corpus of free-text clinical records, (2) annotate data with medical concepts, (3) compute vector representations of medical concepts and validate them on the proposed term analogy tasks, (4) compute visit representations as vectors, (5) introduce a new method for clustering of patients’ visits and (6) apply the method to a corpus of 100,000 visits. We use several approaches to visual exploration that facilitate interpretation of segments. With our method, we obtain stable and separated segments of visits which are positively validated against final medical diagnoses. In this paper we show how algorithm for segmentation of medical free-text records may be used to aid medical doctors. In addition to this, we share implementation of described methods with examples as open-source package .
Organotypic in vitro block culture model to investigate tissue-implant interface. An experimental study on pig mandible
Authors: Areid Nagat , Willberg Jaana , Kangasniemi Ilkka , Närhi Timo O. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn vitro studies of implant-tissue attachment are primarily based on two-dimensional cell culture models, which fail to replicate the three-dimensional native human oral mucosal tissue completely. Thus, the present study aimed to describe a novel tissue culture model using pig mandibular block including alveolar bone and gingival soft tissues to evaluate the tissue attachment to titanium implant provided with hydrothermally induced TiO2 coating. Tissue attachment on TiO2 coated and non-coated implants were compared. Ti-6Al-4V alloy posts were used to function as implants that were inserted in five pig mandibles. Implants were delivered with two different surface treatments, non-coated (NC) titanium and hydrothermal induced TiO2 coated surfaces (HT). The tissue-implant specimens were cultured at an air/liquid interface for 7 and 14 days. The tissue-implant interface was analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical stainings. The microscopic evaluation suggests that pig tissue explants established soft and hard tissue attachment to both implant surfaces. The epithelial cells appeared to attach to the coated implant. The epithelium adjacent to the implant abutment starts to change its phenotype during the early days of the healing process. New bone formation was seen within small pieces of bone in close contact with the coated implant. In conclusion, this in vitro model maintains the viability of pig tissue and allows histologically and immunohistochemically evaluate the tissue-implant interface. HT-induced TiO2 coating seems to have a favorable tissue response. Moreover, this organotypic tissue culture model is applicable for further studies with quantitative parameters to evaluate adhesion molecules present at the implant-tissue interface.
Mediators of Differences Between Employed and Unemployed in Life Satisfaction and Emotional Well-being
Authors: Fors Connolly Filip , Gärling Tommy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrevious research has shown that the unemployed has lower life satisfaction than the employed but that their emotional well-being may not differ. The aim is to investigate the role of mediators with bearings on these differences between the employed and unemployed in emotional well-being compared to life satisfaction. Participants were 3,463 employed and 452 unemployed living in five Western countries. They answered questions in an online survey. The results showed that the employed had both higher life satisfaction and emotional well-being. Mediation analysis replicated previous results in that the relationship between unemployment and life satisfaction was mediated by financial satisfaction. The relationship with emotional well-being was mediated by satisfaction with time use which was higher for the employed than the unemployed. Financial satisfaction was also a mediator of the relationship with emotional well-being, both directly and through satisfaction with time use. Although the unemployed felt lower time pressure than the employed, this factor was not a strong mediator of the relationship with emotional well-being, neither directly nor through satisfaction with time use. A possible explanation for the differences in the results for emotional well-being is that a negative mood is less associated with work than found in previous research.