bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and pathogenicity of Septoria gaurina associated with leaf blotch disease on Gaura parviflora in China
Authors: Wang Yadi , Dong Yanhan , Wang Huizheng , Zou Jian , Liang Wenxing , Li Delong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGaura parviflora, a flowering plant of the family Onagraceae, is regarded as an invasive plant in China, but is subject to leaf blotch disease. Based on morphological features, we identified the causal agent to be Septoria gaurina. However, the phylogenetic position of S. gaurina remains unknown. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), β‐tubulin (Tub2), actin (Act), calmodulin (Cal), translation elongation factor 1‐α (EF), and 28S nrDNA (LSU) nucleotide sequences indicated that the isolates belonged to the Septoria genus. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the isolates produced symptoms on the leaves of G. parviflora. These symptoms included small, water‐soaked, circular lesions formed on leaves inoculated with conidial droplets, and bigger, water‐soaked lesions on leaves inoculated by conidial spraying. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. gaurina as the causative agent of leaf blotch disease of G. parviflora in China.
Apathy and agitation in institutionalized older adults: an empirically derived classification
Authors: Mouriz‐Corbelle Romina , Caamaño‐Ponte José , Dosil Carlos , Picón Eduardo , Facal David 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundApathy and agitation are often recognized as the most problematic behavioural and psychological symptoms in care settings. In this study, we analyze the relationship between apathy and agitation symptoms other and their relationship with demographic, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric variables and psychotropic medication use.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at a gerontological care centre in Láncara, Spain. Participants were 196 residents of the gerontological care centre, including 143 with a diagnosis of dementia. Apathy and agitation were assessed with the Apathy Scale for Institutionalized Patients with Dementia, Nursing Home version, and the Spanish version of the Cohen‐Mansfield Agitation Inventory, respectively. Two‐stage hierarchical cluster analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis in a first exploratory stage and K‐means clustering to obtain the final solution in the second stage) was conducted to assign residents to different groups based on apathy and agitation scores.ResultsIn cluster 1, a certain level of apathy, the highest levels of agitation, and the most frequent intake of atypical antipsychotics and clomethiazole were observed. The highest levels of apathy and the most frequent intake of memantine were seen in cluster 2. The lowest levels of agitation and apathy and the highest levels of cognitive performance were found in cluster 3.ConclusionsIn this study, subjects with dementia were in a state of high agitation and eventual apathy, had low cognitive status, and were very old. Patients with this profile require well‐designed non‐pharmacological interventions.
Lipid microsphere‐coated PGE1 improves peritoneal transport and reduces inflammation in peritoneal dialysis: A randomized clinical pilot trial
Authors: Wang Jianwen , Tang Shiqi , Xie Yang , Liu Jun , Liu Jishi , Wu Hong , Zhang Hao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of lipid microspheres coated with prostaglandin E1 (lipo‐PGE1) on peritoneal transport function and inflammation in patients with end‐stage renal disease undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).MethodsIn total, 89 patients were randomly allocated to the lipo‐PGE1 and control groups. All the patients received conventional treatment, and those in the lipo‐PGE1 group received lipo‐PGE1 intravenously for 2 weeks. The levels of β2‐microglobulin (β2‐MG), cystatin C, albumin, urea, creatinine, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) were measured before and at 1 and 2 weeks after treatment.ResultsIn the lipo‐PGE1 group, the peritoneal clearance rates of β2‐MG, cystatin C, and albumin were significantly increased comparing with pre‐treatment values, and the IL‐6 appearance rate (AR) in the peritoneal dialysate and the serum levels of IL‐6 and hs‐CRP were markedly decreased (p < 0.05). The lipo‐PGE1 group had significantly higher peritoneal clearance rates of β2‐MG and cystatin C and lower IL‐6 AR in the peritoneal dialysate than the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsLipid microspheres coated with prostaglandin E1 may increase the peritoneal clearance of moderately sized molecules and macromolecules with insignificant effect on the clearance of small molecules. The reduction in IL‐6 level following treatment with lipo‐PGE1 may alleviate inflammation.
Hermeneutics in Heidegger’s Science of Being
Authors: Kinkaid James 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHeidegger calls his early philosophy a “science of being.” Being and Time combines phenomenological, ontological, hermeneutical, and existential themes in a way that is not obviously coherent. Commentators have worried in particular that Heidegger’s hermeneutical transformation of phenomenology is incompatible with his “scientific” aspirations. I outline three interpretations on which Heidegger cannot adopt Husserl’s “scientific” conception of phenomenology as eidetic, intuitive, propositionally articulated, and non‐relativistic due to his hermeneutical commitments. I argue that each of these readings rests on a misinterpretation of one or more of three hermeneutical concepts that are central to Heidegger’s early thought: the understanding of being, the hermeneutical situation, and phenomenological destruction. By giving fresh analyses of these concepts, I show that Heidegger retains the scientific conception while refining it to avoid distortions that are introduced when inquiry is “infiltrated with traditional theories and opinions about being.” I also respond to the charge that Being and Time is a “disguised theology.”
Evaluating the Longitudinal Efficacy of SafeTALK Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Training in a General Community Sample
Authors: Holmes Glenn , Clacy Amanda , Hermens Daniel F. , Lagopoulos Jim 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe majority of individuals experiencing depression or in crisis do not seek assistance through formal support pathways. Thus, the presence of informal “gatekeepers” in the community is vital to identifying and supporting these individuals through crisis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal effectiveness of “SafeTALK” suicide prevention gatekeeper training in a general community sample.MethodTwo hundred and sixty‐two community members participated in half‐day (4‐h) gatekeeper training sessions. Surveys were taken pre‐ and post‐training and at 6‐month follow‐up to evaluate participants’ knowledge, preparedness, and efficacy, as well as reluctance to intervene as a suicide prevention gatekeeper.ResultsLongitudinal effects were revealed for three of four evaluated appraisals. Scores for knowledge, preparedness, and efficacy were significantly higher (improved) 6 months after training, compared to pre‐test. While participants showed even greater immediate effects (i.e., pre‐test to post‐test), follow‐up scores indicate that the positive effects of training were sustained over 6 months.ConclusionsThis study is the first to evaluate SafeTALK in a community population. SafeTALK was shown to be effective at improving knowledge, preparedness, and efficacy with effects declining over time but remaining significant from pre‐test. Community suicide prevention programs can benefit from the inclusion of gatekeeper training programs.
Shifting categories, changing attitudes: A boundary work approach in the study of attitudes toward migrants
Authors: Rétiová Alica , Rapoš Božič Ivana , Klvaňová Radka , Jaworsky Bernadette Nadya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConsiderable research exists that examines attitudes toward migrants. Most studies are quantitative, relying on surveys or survey experiments, but a growing body of literature explores such attitudes from a qualitative perspective. At the same time, the study of symbolic boundaries and how people use cultural repertoires of meanings to draw distinctions between “us” and “them” is increasing. This review looks at research, both quantitative and qualitative, which has put these two streams of work into conversation with one another. We organize this work along three dimensions: (1) the micro‐level of individuals and their life‐worlds; (2) the meso‐level of negotiation among the moral communities of civil society; and (3) the macro‐level of institutions and policy. We also highlight those studies that cut across levels. By doing so, we help bridge the quantitative/qualitative divide. Studying attitudes toward migrants through the concept of symbolic boundaries allows us to apply a more sensitive and meaning‐centered approach toward attitude formation, contestation and change and to explore the linkages to available cultural repertoires.
Migration and the senses
Authors: Bascuñan‐Wiley Nicholas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecent scholarship in the sociological subfields of culture and immigration offers several promising directions for studying how people experience the world in embodied ways and move through and across boundaries. Yet, the lack of overlap between fields has left numerous theoretical angles unexplored. In this review, I consider the limited existing scholarship at the intersection of migration and the senses. I discuss literature on the role of sensation during three critical moments of migration: movement, encounter, and return. These moments highlight the sensorially dislocating nature of travel, the felt politics of inclusion and exclusion, and the transporting power of embodied memories. These works dive deep into the everyday realities of bodies on the move that public and academic discourse has previously ignored. I conclude by briefly outlining exciting new directions to expand work connecting migration and the senses and suggest that we begin to explore globalized migrant sensibilities.
PyCLiPSM: Harnessing heterogeneous computing resources on CPUs and GPUs for accelerated digital soil mapping
Authors: Zhang Guiming , Zhu A‐Xing , Liu Jing , Guo Shanxin , Zhu Yunqiang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDigital soil mapping (DSM) at high spatial resolutions over large areas often demands considerable computing power. This study aims to harness the heterogeneous computing resources on multi‐core central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs) to accelerate DSM by implementing PyCLiPSM, a parallel version of the iPSM (individual predictive soil mapping) algorithm which represents the type of geospatial algorithms that is data‐ and compute‐intensive and highly parallelizable. PyCLiPSM was implemented in Python based on the PyOpenCL parallel programming library, which runs on any operating system and exploits the computing power of both CPUs and GPUs. Experiments show that PyCLiPSM can effectively leverage multi‐core CPUs and GPUs to speed up DSM tasks. PyCLiPSM is open‐source and freely available. Using PyCLiPSM as an example, we advocate implementing parallel geospatial algorithms using the PyOpenCL framework to harness the heterogeneous computing resources available to researchers and practitioners for accelerated geospatial analysis.
Hepatitis E virus: Efficacy of pasteurization of plasma‐derived VWF/FVIII concentrate determined by pig bioassay
Authors: Dähnert Lisa , Schlosser Josephine , Fast Christine , Fröhlich Andreas , Gröner Albrecht , Lange Elke , Roth Nathan J. , Schäfer Wolfram , Schröder Charlotte , Eiden Martin , Groschup Martin H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute hepatitis throughout the world. Increasing blood component transfusion‐associated HEV infections highlight the need for reliable virus inactivation procedures for plasma derivatives from pooled plasma donations.Study Design and MethodsAn animal infection study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of HEV inactivation by pasteurization during the manufacturing process of the von Willebrand Factor/Factor VIII (VWF/FVIII) concentrate Haemate P/Humate‐P (CSL Behring, Marburg, Germany). For this purpose, groups of pigs were inoculated with stabilized VWF/FVIII intermediate spiked with HEV‐positive liver homogenate and exposed to increasing incubation times of 0, 3, 6, and 10 h at 60°C. Animals were evaluated for virus replication over 27 days and in a subsequent trial over 92 days.ResultsVirus replication was detected in animals up to the 6‐h pasteurization group. In contrast, pasteurization for 10 h did not reveal virus detection when the observation period was 27 days. In an additional experiment using the 10‐h pasteurized material, two individuals started virus excretion and seroconverted when the observation period was extended to 92 days. Based on the total infection rate (2 of 12) of the animals inoculated with the sample pasteurized for 10 h, a virus reduction factor of at least 4.7 log10 is calculated.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that pasteurization at 60°C for 10 h of an HEV‐positive plasma derivative leads to the effective reduction of infectivity, resulting in a VWF/FVIII product with an appropriate margin of safety for HEV.
Ocular anatomy and correlation with histopathologic findings in two common octopuses (Octopusvulgaris) and one giant Pacific octopus (Enteroctopusdofleini) diagnosed with inflammatory phakitis and retinitis
Authors: de Linde Henriksen Michala , Ofri Ron , Shomrat Tal , Nesher Nir , Cleymaet Allison , Ross Maya , Pe’er Oren , Arad Dikla , Katzenbach Julia , Dubielzig Richard R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeReview octopus ocular anatomy and describe the histopathologic findings in three octopuses diagnosed with phakitis and retinitis.AnimalsTwo common octopuses (Octopus vulgaris) and one giant Pacific octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) with a history of ophthalmic disease.MethodsA literature search was performed for the ocular anatomy section. Both eyes from all three octopuses, and two control eyes, were submitted for histopathologic evaluation. Hematoxylin and eosin stain was used for standard histopathologic evaluation; GMS stain was used to screen for fungi, gram stain for bacteria; and Fite's acid fast stain for acid fast bacteria.ResultsAnatomically, the anterior chamber of the octopus has direct contact with ambient water due to an opening in the dorsal aspect of a pseudocornea. The octopus lens is divided into anterior and posterior segments. The anterior half is exposed to the environment through the opening into the anterior chamber. Neither part of the lens has a lens capsule. The retina is everted, unlike the inverted vertebrate retina, and consists of just two layers. Histopathology revealed inflammatory phakitis and retinitis of varying severity in all six eyes of the study animals. No intraocular infectious organisms were recognized but one common octopus eye had clusters of coccidian parasites, identified as Aggregata sp., in extraocular tissues and blood vessels.ConclusionWe describe inflammatory phakitis and retinitis in two species of octopuses. The underlying cause for the severe intraocular response may be direct intraocular infection, water quality, an ocular manifestation of a systemic disease, or natural senescence.
Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella Heidelberg isolates from poultry
Authors: Dominguez Johana Elizabeth , Viñas María Rosa , Herrera Mariana , Moroni Mirian , Gutkind Gabriel Omar , Mercado Elsa Cristina , Di Conza José Alejandro , Chacana Pablo Anibal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the last 10 years, Salmonella Heidelberg has been extensively isolated from poultry in several countries. In this context, molecular characterization is essential to understand whether the strains have entered the farms from a single or several sources. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the genetic relationship and antimicrobial susceptibility of S. Heidelberg strains isolated between 2011 and 2012 from broiler farms belonging to three integrated poultry companies located in Argentina. The genetic relatedness of the S. Heidelberg isolates was determined by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and resistance to 21 antimicrobials was determined by the disc diffusion method. The isolates were assigned to four PFGE patterns. Most of the strains showed 100% similarity and belonged to the same integrated poultry company. This PFGE pattern was also prevalent in S. Heidelberg strains isolated from humans in several provinces of Argentina, which suggests an epidemiological association between human and poultry strains. All the isolates were classified as multidrug‐resistant (MDR), and no clear relationship was observed between PFGE and resistance patterns. S. Heidelberg strains may circulate among farms from the same integrated company due to common sources of contamination. To guarantee the safety of the poultry product for the consumers, holistic approaches including surveillance of Salmonella throughout the production chain together with control measures are crucial.
Molecular mechanisms underlying fructose‐induced cardiovascular disease: exercise, metabolic pathways and microRNAs
Authors: Kindlovits Raquel , Bertoldi Julia Maria Cabral Relvas Jacome , Rocha Helena Naly Miguens , Bento‐Bernardes Thais , Gomes João Lucas Penteado , de Oliveira Edilamar Menezes , Muniz Ingrid Cristina , Pereira Juliana Frota , Fernandes‐Santos Caroline , Rocha Natália Galito , Nóbrega Antonio Claudio Lucas da , Medeiros Renata Frauches 
Published: February 2021

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
What are the mechanisms underlying the cardiac protective effect of aerobic training in the progression of a high fructose‐induced cardiometabolic disease in Wistar rats?

What is the main finding and its importance?
At the onset of cardiovascular disease, aerobic training activates the p‐p70S6K, ERK and IRβ–PI3K–AKT pathways, without changing the miR‐126 and miR‐195 levels, thereby providing evidence that aerobic training modulates the insulin signalling pathway. These data contribute to the understanding of the molecular cardiac changes that are associated with physiological left ventricular hypertrophy during the development of a cardiovascular disease.

AbstractDuring the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD), disturbances in myocardial vascularization, cell proliferation and protein expression are observed. Aerobic training prevents CVD, but the underlying mechanisms behind left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy are not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which aerobic training protects the heart from LV hypertrophy during the onset of fructose‐induced cardiometabolic disease. Male Wistar rats were allocated to four groups (n = 8/group): control sedentary (C), control training (CT), fructose sedentary (F) and fructose training (FT). The C and CT groups received drinking water, and the F and FT groups received d‐fructose (10% in water). After 2 weeks, the CT and FT rats were assigned to a treadmill training protocol at moderate intensity for 8 weeks (60 min/day, 4 days/week). After 10 weeks, LV morphological remodelling, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, microRNAs and the insulin signalling pathway were investigated. The F group had systemic cardiometabolic alterations, which were normalised by aerobic training. The LV weight increased in the FT group, myocardium vascularisation decreased in the F group, and the cardiomyocyte area increased in the CT, F and FT groups. Regarding protein expression, total insulin receptor β‐subunit (IRβ) decreased in the F group; phospho (p)‐IRβ and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) increased in the FT group; total‐AKT and p‐AKT increased in all of the groups; p‐p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) protein was higher in the CT group; and p‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) increased in the CT and FT groups. MiR‐126, miR‐195 and cardiomyocyte apoptosis did not differ among the groups. Aerobic training activates p‐p70S6K and p‐ERK, and during the onset of a CVD, it can activate the IRβ–PI3K–AKT pathway.
Motion Prediction of a Free-Floating Noncooperative Target Considering J2 Perturbation
Authors: Wang Qishuai , Zhou Bangzhao , Liu Xiaofeng , Cai Guoping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Motion prediction of space noncooperative target is an important issue for spacecraft on-orbit service. After obtaining high-precision motion prediction results, the chaser can efficiently plan a motion trajectory to approach the target and then capture it. In this paper, a motion prediction method considering J2 perturbation is proposed for a free-floating noncooperative target. The core idea of this method is to identify dynamic parameters of the target, and then realize the motion prediction through a dynamic model of the target that considering J2 perturbation. In the identification of the dynamic parameters, inertia parameters of the target are preliminarily identified first, then a noise-adaptive unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is applied to roughly identify the dynamic parameters, and finally, the identification precision is further improved through optimization. At the end of this paper, the significance of considering J2 perturbation is demonstrated by numerical simulations, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. Simulation results indicate that J2 perturbation has a great influence on the motion prediction of the target and that the proposed method can yield long-time high-precision motion prediction results. Specifically, under the simulation conditions of this paper, the predicted time obtained by the proposed method is longer than 200 s, and the errors of the motion prediction results of the target's attitude and position are less than 2 deg and 0.02 m, respectively.
Jornalismo impresso e as fontes: uma análise sobre o jornal Diário Popular
Authors: Kurz Lucas Casarin , Negrini Michele 
Published: February 2021

Este estudo analisa as fontes presentes na página 3, de conteúdo especial, do jornal impresso Diário Popular de Pelotas, no Rio Grande do Sul. A partir de dez edições, todas do ano de 2019, realiza o mapeamento dos agentes presentes no texto, identificando seus papéis enquanto fonte de informação e traçando uma análise sobre qual o perfil do entrevistado pelo jornal neste espaço. A escolha do veículo se deu pela sua inserção na comunidade pelotense, possuindo grande relevância social e histórica na Zona Sul do Estado. A pesquisa tem como objetivo entender quais são as figuras presentes, sob hipóteses de questões como rotinização, padronização do uso de fontes e equilíbrio ou não da presença destes no texto.
Lectura(s) en la Obra de Manuel Vicent: Biografía Literaria e Imagen de Autor
Authors: Bonino Sofía 
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo busca realizar una reconstrucción de la biografía literaria de Manuel Vicent a partir de dos novelas: Verás el cielo abierto y Tranvía a la Malvarrosa y de una selección de artículos periodísticos que tematizan la lectura y vuelven a aquellos autores o géneros que han sido pilares en la formación literaria del autor. Tanto los textos ficcionales como los artículos periodísticos que incluyen el tema de la lectura y de la formación literaria confluyen en la conformación de una imagen de escritor cuyas huellas se pueden rastrear en su estilo y trayectoria. En la biografía literaria de Manuel Vicent coinciden las obras clásicas (canónicas) con géneros que tradicionalmente han sido colocados al margen. La elección de definirse como hombre de las letras y como escritor desde el periodismo va en sintonía con la imagen de autor que va creando desde sus novelas autobiográficas y sus artículos de opinión.
Desde el punto de vista biográfico la lectura se identifica con la rebeldía frente al mandato familiar; a su vez, también se vincula con el descubrimiento de los placeres de la vida; por último, puede relacionarse con despertar político del escritor y con la paulatina comprensión del contexto histórico de su infancia y adolescencia.