bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between myocardial function assessed by echocardiography during hospitalization for COVID-19 and at 4 months follow-up
Authors: van den Heuvel F. M. A. , Vos J. L. , van Bakel B. , Duijnhouwer A. L. , van Dijk A. P. J. , Dimitriu-Leen A. C. , Koopmans P. C. , de Mast Q. , van de Veerdonk F. L. , Bosch F. H. , van den Borst B. , Eijsvogels T. M. H. , van Kimmenade R. R. J. , Nijveldt R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn patients hospitalized for corona virus infectious disease 19 (COVID-19) it is currently unknown whether myocardial function changes after recovery and whether this is related to elevated cardiac biomarkers. In this single center, prospective cohort study we consecutively enrolled hospitalized COVID-19 patients between 1 April and 12 May 2020. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) evaluation during hospitalization and at a median of 131 days (IQR; 116–136) follow-up. Of the 51 patients included at baseline, 40 (age: 62 years (IQR; 54–68), 78% male) were available for follow-up TTE. At baseline, 68% of the patients had a normal TTE, regarding left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes and function, compared to 83% at follow-up (p = 0.07). Median LV ejection fraction (60% vs. 58%, p = 0.54) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (23 vs 22 mm, p = 0.18) were comparable between hospitalization and follow-up, but a significantly lower RV diameter (39 vs. 34 mm, p = 0.002) and trend towards better global longitudinal strain (GLS) (− 18.5% vs − 19.1%, p = 0.07) was found at follow-up. Subgroup analysis showed no relation between patients with and without elevated TroponinT and/or NT-proBNP during hospitalization and myocardial function at follow-up. Although there were no significant differences in individual myocardial function parameters at 4 months follow-up compared to hospitalisation for COVID-19, there was an overall trend towards normalization in myocardial function, predominantly due to a higher rate of normal GLS at follow-up.
A semi-automated, high throughput approach for O-glycosylation profiling of in vitro established cancer cell lines by MALDI-FT-ICR MS
Authors: Kotsias Maximilianos , Madunić Katarina , Nicolardi Simone , Kozak Radoslaw P. , Gardner Richard A. , Jansen Bas C. , Spencer Daniel I. R. , Wuhrer Manfred 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe study of protein O-glycosylation is important in biological research as O-glycans have been reported to regulate a multitude of molecular and cell biology processes occurring in cancer. It is known that alterations in O-glycosylation are involved in the development and progression of cancer. Their easy accessibility makes in vitro established cell lines suitable and useful models for studying biological mechanisms in disease. However, the O-glycosylation analysis of large numbers of samples, as required in systems biology and biomarker discovery studies, is often challenging. In the present study, O-glycans from three human colorectal cancer cell lines and two human pancreatic cancer cell lines were released by semi-automated, high throughput reductive β-elimination and analysed using ultrahigh resolution MALDI-FT-ICR MS. Automated data integration and processing was performed using MassyTools, where the analyte was automatically included for relative quantitation based on a range of selection criteria including signal-to-noise ratio, mass error and isotopic pattern quality scores. A total of 126 O-glycan compositions, ranging from a single monosaccharide to large oligosaccharides exhibiting complex glycan motifs, were detected. The use of ultrahigh resolution MALDI-FTICR MS enabled glycan identification and quantitation in the matrix region of the spectrum. This approach has the potential to be used for O-glycosylation analysis of large numbers of samples, such as patient sample cohorts.
Health Information Source Characteristics Matter: Adapting the Dissemination of an HPV Vaccine Intervention to Reach Latina and Vietnamese Women
Authors: Hopfer Suellen , Duong Huong T. , Garcia Samantha , Tanjasiri Sora P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLatina and Vietnamese women are disproportionately burdened by human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer and underutilize the HPV vaccine, which is an effective cancer prevention measure. To inform the adaptation of a National Cancer Institute’s evidence-based cancer control program, HPV Vaccine Decision Narratives, and because of the rapidly changing information concerning consumption patterns of young adults, we elicited preferences and characteristics associated with women’s interest in various health information sources, specifically for HPV vaccination. We conducted 50 interviews with young Latina and Vietnamese women at two Planned Parenthood health centers in Southern California. Interview questions were guided by the Channel Complementarity Theory and focused on understanding the multiple communication channels women turn to for health, and the characteristics that motivate their use. Our results showed that Latina and Vietnamese women turn to many sources, from online and social media to school health classes, mothers, and doctors. Specific characteristics that motivate women’s online use of health information included immediacy and access, convenience and credibility. When receiving HPV vaccine information, privacy, avoiding information overload, interpersonal engagement, and receiving health information from trusted sources was important. Our study advances the prevention literature by elevating the role of platform delivery considerations and emphasizing preferences to effectively reach Latina and Vietnamese women, who are disproportionately burdened by HPV cancers and are less aware of HPV vaccine prevention. These results can be used to further inform the dissemination of this cancer control program. Adaptation of the program should include changes to its delivery, such that trusted sources are used, and dissemination is coordinated to send a consistent message across multiple communication methods.
Solar Cycle Dependence of ICME Composition
Authors: Song Hongqiang , Li Leping , Sun Yanyan , Lv Qi , Zheng Ruisheng , Chen Yao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCoronal mass ejections (CMEs) belong to the most energetic explosions in the solar atmosphere, and their occurrence rates exhibit obvious solar cycle dependence with more events taking place around solar maximum. Composition of interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs), referring to the charge states and elemental abundances of ions, opens an important avenue to investigate CMEs. In this paper, we conduct a statistical study on the charge states of five elements (Mg, Fe, Si, C, and O) and the relative abundances of six elements (Mg/O, Fe/O, Si/O, C/O, Ne/O, and He/O) within ICMEs from 1998 to 2011, and find that all the ICME compositions possess a solar cycle dependence. All of the ionic charge states and most of the relative elemental abundances are positively correlated with sunspot numbers (SSNs), and only the C/O ratios are inversely correlated with the SSNs. The compositions (except the C/O) increase with the SSNs during the ascending phase (1998–2000 and 2009–2011) and remain elevated during solar maximum and descending phase (2000–2005) compared to solar minimum (2007–2009). The charge states of low-FIP (first ionization potential) elements (Mg, Fe, and Si) and their relative abundances are correlated well, while no clear correlation is observed between the C6+/C5+ or C6+/C4+ and C/O. Most interestingly, we find that the Ne/O ratios of ICMEs and slow solar wind have the opposite solar cycle dependence.
Performance and programmability comparison of the thick control flow architecture and current multicore processors
Authors: Forsell Martti , Nikula Sara , Roivainen Jussi , Leppänen Ville , Träff Jesper Larsson 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCommercial multicore central processing units (CPU) integrate a number of processor cores on a single chip to support parallel execution of computational tasks. Multicore CPUs can possibly improve performance over single cores for independent parallel tasks nearly linearly as long as sufficient bandwidth is available. Ideal speedup is, however, difficult to achieve when dense intercommunication between the cores or complex memory access patterns is required. This is caused by expensive synchronization and thread switching, and insufficient latency toleration. These facts guide programmers away from straight-forward parallel processing patterns toward complex and error-prone programming techniques. To address these problems, we have introduced the Thick control flow (TCF) Processor Architecture. TCF is an abstraction of parallel computation that combines self-similar threads into computational entities. In this paper, we compare the performance and programmability of an entry-level TCF processor and two Intel Skylake multicore CPUs on commonly used parallel kernels to find out how well our architecture solves these issues that greatly reduce the productivity of parallel software development. Code examples are given and programming experiences recorded.
Morpho-anatomical and biochemical changes associated with rooting of micropropagated ninebark cuttings
Authors: Jagiełło-Kubiec Katarzyna , Nowakowska Karolina , Łukaszewska Aleksandra Józefina , Pacholczak Andrzej 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNinebark (Physocarpus opulifolius) is an attractive ornamental shrub with poor rooting characteristics in some cultivars, which is a limiting factor in commercial production This study was designed to optimize rooting conditions of ninebark cuttings and to observe the effect of exogenous auxin IBA on some morpho-anatomical and biochemical changes associated with rhizogenesis in the in vitro conditions. Both auxins under study: the indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) gave comparable effects but the combination of ½ MS + 1 mg·L−1 IBA was the most cost effective for all rooting parameters. Anatomical changes at the cuttings’ bases during root formation were typical for woody plants and they were accelerated by auxin in the culture medium. High levels of the endogenous indole acid and hydrogen peroxide were temporarily associated with intensive cell divisions in cuttings, and the polyphenolic acid contents kept increasing during rooting above the initial levels and those in controls.
Advances in the Whipple Shield Design and Development:
Authors: Pai A. , Divakaran R. , Anand S. , Shenoy S. B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSafety of satellites as well as spacecrafts during space missions is a primary objective to preserve the physical and virtual assets onboard. Whipple shields belong to the class of protective equipment provided on the surface of the spacecrafts and satellites, to sustain impacts from the ultra-high speed debris, which can otherwise cause considerable damage to the corresponding structures. Recent works on whipple shields are focussed on determining the response of different geometrical arrangements and material properties under hyper-velocity impact at projectile speeds of 3-18 km/s. Advances in the whipple shield design include integrated and mechanised models employing high performance materials like fiber-metal laminates ensuring better operational capability. The forward bumper of the whipple shield is the first line of defence as it regulates the state of projectile after the primary impact. Use of aluminium alloys for front bumpers is popular, owing to their lightweight and strength characteristics. The advances for the front bumper have seen usage of ceramic, metallic foams, and super composite mixtures, which resulted in enhanced performance, durability and safety of the whipple shields. This work is a comprehensive coverage of the latest materials used for whipple shields, their performance characterization—both experimental and theoretical, and applications.
Adolescents with different life problems seeking help before and after the introduction of a low-threshold service model: a Finnish qualitative study
Authors: Leppäkoski Tuija , Paavilainen Eija 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere are several concerns related to adolescents living in families with severe and persistent problems. Childhood conditions may contribute to later social exclusion, for example. The aim of this study was to describe study participants’ service experiences before and after the introduction of a low-threshold service model. This model—based on the reformed Youth Act—was developed and implemented during a 2-year project. Data were collected through interviews of seven adolescents during phase one. In phase two, four adolescents responded to essay questions. The views of a youth worker working for this project were also collected, as she played a key role in helping the adolescents. The adolescents participating in this study were girls aged between 12 and 17. Thematic deductive analysis was performed. Two main themes were evident in the participants’ responses regarding their service experiences: the accessibility and acceptability of services. The model highlights the importance of listening to adolescents related to their various problems. The focus is on preventive services and early support. Coordination of preventive services requires special expertise and joint development in inter-professional practices. Moreover, adolescents’ experiences should be taken into consideration in the development of services.
The Implications of Global Change for the Co‐Evolution of Argentina's Integrated Energy‐Water‐Land Systems
Authors: Wild Thomas B. , Khan Zarrar , Zhao Mengqi , Suriano Micaela , Bereslawski Julia L. , Roberts Paula , Casado Jose , Gaviño‐Novillo Marcelo , Clarke Leon , Hejazi Mohamad , Miralles‐Wilhelm Fernando , Muñoz‐Castillo Raul , Vernon Chris , Snyder Abigail , Yarlagadda Brinda , Birnbaum Abigail , Lamontagne Jonathan , White Dave , Ojeda‐Matos Glorynel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study seeks to understand how Argentina's energy, water, and land (EWL) systems will co‐evolve under a representative array of human and earth system influences, including socioeconomic change, climate change, and climate policy. To capture Argentina's sub‐national EWL dynamics in the context of global change, we couple the Global Change Analysis Model with a suite of consistent, gridded sectoral downscaling models to explore multiple stakeholder‐engaged scenarios. Across scenarios, Argentina has the economic opportunity to use its vast land resources to satisfy growing domestic and international demand for crops, such as oil (e.g., soy) and biomass. The human (rather than earth) system produces the most dominant changes in mid‐century EWL resource use. A Reference scenario characterized by modest socioeconomic growth projects a 40% increase in Argentina's agricultural production by 2050 (relative to 2020) by using 50,000 km2 of additional cropland and 40% more water. A Climate Policy scenario designed to achieve net‐zero carbon emissions globally shortly after mid‐century projects that Argentina could use 100,000 km2 of additional land (and 65% more water) to grow biomass and other crops. The burden of navigating these national opportunities and challenges could fall disproportionately on a subset of Argentina's river basins. The Colorado and Negro basins could experience moderate‐to‐severe water scarcity as they simultaneously navigate substantial irrigated crop demand growth and climate‐induced declines in natural water availability. Argentina serves as a generalizable testbed to demonstrate that multi‐scale EWL planning challenges can be identified and managed more effectively via integrated analysis of coupled human‐earth systems.
Is Westward Travelling Surge Driven by the Polar Cap Flow Channels?
Authors: Ma Yu‐Zhang , Zhang Qing‐He , Lyons Larry R. , Liu Jiang , Xing Zan‐Yang , Reimer Ashton , Nishimura Yukitoshi , Hampton Don 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFollowing substorm auroral onset, the active aurora region usually expands poleward toward the poleward auroral boundary. Such poleward expansion is often associated with a bulge region that expands westward and forms the westward travelling surge. In this study, we show all‐sky imager and Poker Flat Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar observations of two surge events to investigate the relationship between the surge and ionospheric flows that likely have polar cap origin. For both events, we observe auroral streamers, with an adjacent flow channel consisting of decreased density and low electron temperature plasma flowing equatorward. This flow channel appears to impinge and lead/feed surge formation, and to stay connected to the surge as it moves westward. Also, for both events, streamer observations indicate that, following initial surge development, similar flows led to explosive surge enhancements. The observation that the streamers are connected to the auroral polar boundary and that the flow channels consisted of low density, low electron temperature plasma suggests the possibility that the impinging plasma came from the polar cap. For both events, the altitude variations of F region plasma within the surges are related with aurora emission and the poleward/equatorward flow, and the surges develop strong auroral streamers that initiate along the poleward auroral boundary when contacted with the flow. These results suggest that the flow of polar cap origin, which maps to underlying processes in the magnetotail, may play a crucial role in auroral surges by feeding low entropy plasma into surge initiation and development, and also playing an important role in the dynamics within a surge.
Linking Intraplate Volcanism to Lithospheric Structure and Asthenospheric Flow
Authors: Duvernay Thomas , Davies D. Rhodri , Mathews Christopher R. , Gibson Angus H. , Kramer Stephan C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeveral of Earth's intraplate volcanic provinces are hard to reconcile with the mantle plume hypothesis. Instead, they exhibit characteristics that are more compatible with shallower processes that involve the interplay between uppermost mantle flow and the base of Earth's heterogeneous lithosphere. The mechanisms most commonly invoked are edge‐driven convection (EDC) and shear‐driven upwelling (SDU), both of which act to focus upwelling flow and the associated decompression melting adjacent to steps in lithospheric thickness. In this study, we undertake a systematic numerical investigation, in both 2‐D and 3‐D, to quantify the sensitivity of EDC, SDU, and the associated melting to key controlling parameters. Our simulations demonstrate that the spatio‐temporal characteristics of EDC are sensitive to the geometry and material properties of the lithospheric step, in addition to the magnitude and depth‐dependence of upper‐mantle viscosity. These simulations also indicate that asthenospheric shear can either enhance or reduce upwelling velocities and the associated melting, depending upon the magnitude and orientation of flow relative to the lithospheric step. When combined, such sensitivities explain why step changes in lithospheric thickness, which are common along cratonic edges and passive margins, only produce volcanism at isolated points in space and time. Our predicted trends of melt production suggest that, in the absence of potential interactions with mantle plumes, EDC and SDU are viable mechanisms only for Earth's shorter‐lived, lower‐volume intraplate volcanic provinces.
Loss of Acot12 contributes to NAFLD independent of lipolysis of adipose tissue
Authors: Park Sujeong , Song Jinsoo , Baek In-Jeoung , Jang Kyu Yun , Han Chang Yeob , Jun Dae Won , Kim Peter K. , Raught Brian , Jin Eun-Jung 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, we hypothesized that deregulation in the maintenance of the pool of coenzyme A (CoA) may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Specific deletion of Acot12 (Acot12−/−), the major acyl-CoA thioesterase, induced the accumulation of acetyl-CoA and resulted in the stimulation of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver. KEGG pathway analysis suggested PPARα signaling as the most significantly enriched pathway in Acot12−/− livers. Surprisingly, the exposure of Acot12−/− hepatocytes to fenofibrate significantly increased the accumulation of acetyl-CoA and resulted in the stimulation of cholesterol biosynthesis and DNL. Interaction analysis, including proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) analysis, suggested that ACOT12 may directly interact with vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A (VPS33A) and play a role in vesicle-mediated cholesterol trafficking and the process of lysosomal degradation of cholesterol in hepatocytes. In summary, in this study, we found that ACOT12 deficiency is responsible for the pathogenesis of NAFLD through the accumulation of acetyl-CoA and the stimulation of DNL and cholesterol via activation of PPARα and inhibition of cholesterol trafficking.
Differentiating white matter measures that protect against vs. predispose to bipolar disorder and other psychopathology in at-risk youth
Authors: Rozovsky Renata , Versace Amelia , Bonar Lisa K. , Bertocci Michele , Ladouceur Cecile D. , Fournier Jay , Monk Kelly , Abdul-waalee Halimah , Bebko Genna , Hafeman Danella , Sakolsky Dara , Goldstein Tina , Birmaher Boris , Phillips Mary L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is highly heritable. Identifying objective biomarkers reflecting pathophysiological processes predisposing to, versus protecting against BD, can help identify BD risk in offspring of BD parents. We recruited 21 BD participants with a first-degree relative with BD, 25 offspring of BD parents, 27 offspring of comparison parents with non-BD psychiatric disorders, and 32 healthy offspring of healthy parents. In at-risk groups, 23 had non-BD diagnoses and 29, no Axis-I diagnoses(healthy). Five at-risk offspring who developed BD post scan(Converters) were included. Diffusion imaging(dMRI) analysis with tract segmentation identified between-group differences in the microstructure of prefrontal tracts supporting emotional regulation relevant to BD: forceps minor, anterior thalamic radiation(ATR), cingulum bundle(CB), and uncinate fasciculus(UF). BD participants showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right CB (anterior portion) than other groups (q < 0.05); and in bilateral ATR (posterior portion) versus at-risk groups (q < 0.001). Healthy, but not non-BD, at-risk participants showed significantly higher FA in bilateral ATR clusters than healthy controls (qs < 0.05). At-risk groups showed higher FA in these clusters than BD participants (qs < 0.05). Non-BD versus healthy at-risk participants, and Converters versus offspring of BD parents, showed lower FA in the right ATR cluster (qs < 0.05). Low anterior right CB FA in BD participants versus other groups might result from having BD. High bilateral ATR FA in at-risk groups, and in healthy at-risk participants, versus healthy controls might protect against BD/other psychiatric disorders. Absence of elevated right ATR FA in non-BD versus healthy at-risk participants, and in Converters versus non-converter offspring of BD parents, might lower protection against BD in at-risk groups.