bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical Retrospective of the Phenomenon of Populism and Political Demagogy
Authors: Tsapko O. 
Published: August 2021

The article gives a general description of the phenomenon of populism and political demagoguery through the prism of their historical development. The author pays special attention to the disclosure of the essence of the concepts of “populism” and “political demagoguery”, while defining their common features and differences. In particular, it is noted that despite their outward resemblance, populism and demagoguery are not identical. Thus, populism provides a much less negative way of gaining popularity among the masses than demagoguery, because demagogues speculate on the real problems of their audience, present events, views of the opponent in a false light, resort to falsification of facts. In modern political practice, populism is a much more complex and ambiguous phenomenon, and demagoguery is only one of its many tools and strategies. In this aspect, the concept of “politicking” is close in meaning, which, along with demagoguery, is one of the negative manifestations of populism.
The article also makes one of the first attempts to identify the main periods of historical development of populism and political demagoguery, while determining the main directions of their evolution. At the same time, examining populism and political demagoguery in historical retrospect, we can also conclude that the objective conditions for the emergence of these socio-political phenomena were related to the social trend, according to which the masses are only the object of politics. Subjective preconditions for the emergence and spread of populism are caused by the imperfection of the relationship “domination – subordination”, the dominance of mass society. In general, the study concludes that the functioning and prevalence of populism and political demagoguery in modern political systems is characterized by its determinism of cultural, historical, political characteristics of countries.
German Population Local Evacuations from the USSR Occupied Regions in winter-spring 1943
Authors: Martynenko V. 
Published: August 2021

One of the elements of the “total war” declared by the Nazi leadership in February 1943 was the massive displacement of the civilian population of the occupied Soviet territories to the deep rear. As a rule, these movements were voluntary compulsory. Among those who were also subjected to mandatory evacuation were ethnic Germans, who, as a rule, enjoyed the special patronage of the occupation authorities. Most of them, of course, could not help fearing reprisals after the return of Soviet power and therefore preferred to retreat with the Wehrmacht. As a result, during the first few months of 1943, thousands of refugees of German nationality were quickly evacuated from several occupied regions of the RSFSR, the Ukrainian SSR, and the BSSR. Some of them, by decision of the SS leadership, remained on the territory of the Reichskommissariat “Ukraine”, while others left for the imperial region of Warthegau and the General Government. Despite their very modest scale, these evacuations had at least two main outcomes. First, they became, in a sense, a prototype (especially at the organizational level) of administrative relocations that unfolded in the autumn of the same year on the territory of Ukraine. Some considerations (such as the idea of the concentration of German refugees on the right bank of the Dnieper or in Galicia) would later form the basis for further plans of the Nazi leadership. Secondly, the arrival of a fairly large contingent of Soviet Germans in the Reich required several changes to the legal framework governing the procedure for their naturalization. A significant part of these innovations will determine the fate of the majority of German immigrants from the USSR practically until the end of the war.
In the presented article, based on the involvement of a significant array of documents from the archival funds of Germany, the characteristic features of the evacuation of ethnic Germans from the occupied regions of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus in winter-spring 1943 are considered.
Specifics of the International Political Position of the Commonwealth of Australia in the first half of the ХХ-th century
Authors: Vietrynskyi I. 
Published: August 2021

The paper focuses on the initial stage of the formation of the Commonwealth of Australia, and the process of its establishing as an independent State. The international political context for the development of the country, from the period of creation of the Federation to the beginning of the Second World War, is primarily viewed. The Commonwealth’s international position, its place and role in the regional and global geopolitical processes of the early XX century, in particular in the context of its relations with Great Britain, are analyzed. The features of the transformation of British colonial policies on the eve of the First World War are examined. The specifics of the UK system of relations with Australia, as well as other dominions, are being examined. The features of status of the dominions in the British Empire system are shown. The role of the dominions and, in particular, the Commonwealth of Australia in the preparatory process for the First World War, as well as the peculiarities of its participation in hostilities, is analyzed. The significance of the actions of the First World War on the domestic political situation in Australia, as well as its impact on dominions relations with the British Empire, is revealed. The history of the foundation of the Australian-New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) and its participation in imperial forces on the frontline of the First World War is analyzed. The success and failure of its fighters, as well as the role of ANZAC, in the process of formation an Australian political nation are analyzed. The economic, humanitarian and international political consequences of the First World War for the Commonwealth of Australia are examined, as well as the influence of these consequences on the structure of relations between the dominions and the British Empire. The socio-economic situation of the Commonwealth of Australia on the eve of World War II, in particular the impact of the Great depression on the development of the country as a whole and its internal political situation in particular, is analyzed. The ideological, military-strategic and international political prerequisites for Australia’s entry into the Second World War are being considered.
Looting of Cultural Property in Europe for the Fuhrer – Museum in Linz
Authors: Soloshenko V. 
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the activities of the Nazi “Special Mission Linz”, its organization and preparations for the opening of the Fuhrer-Museum in Linz. By A. Hitler’s design, Berlin was supposed to become a kind of Rome, and Linz – to become the European capital of world art. Although this museum was never established, its creation project and precious collections, most of which were seized from Jewish families, deserve a great deal of attention, and the connected with it secrets continue to be a concern of mankind. The crucial role in the selection and formation of the creating museum's expositions was played by its leaders. They took charge of future museum and selected for it the most precious items of the looted collections of Europe, coordinating the process of museum’s filling with Hitler.
The author finds out that the Fuhrer-Museum in Linz expositions consisted mainly of art collections of Jews. The main criterion for the selection of valuable pieces of art for the museum was its belonging to the European high art.
The article analyzes the components of the “mission’s” activities, outlines the routes of the artworks, which got into the museum collections in different ways. Besides, significant attention is paid in the article to the key figures: architects whose projects were approved by the Fuhrer, leaders of the museum in Linz – art historians and other executors who were directly involved in organizing and conducting of a large-scale looting of cultural property in Europe. The author notes that the purpose of the “Special Mission Linz”, was, inter alia, to find artworks created by masters of “Aryan” birth. The study emphasizes that such kind of museum establishment was an attempt to prove the greatness and steadfastness of the German Reich. It is noted in the article that Hitler was planning to build cultural centers in Königsberg and Drontheim (Norway) during the war. The Fuhrer wanted to establish a museum with cultural property from Eastern Europe in Königsberg, and the artworks of German authors were supposed to decorate the exposition of the newly created museum in Drontheim – the northernmost center of the future Great Empire. The fact that the Fuhrer-Museum in Linz was never built does not give any grounds to reject the facts of systematic looting and confiscation of cultural property that were conducting during many years of Nazi rule.
Perancangan Antena Mikrostrip Dual Band Profil Rendah Menggunakan Teknik DGS Dan Meander Line Untuk Aplikasi GNSS
Authors: Sihombing Panangian Mahadi 
Published: August 2021

Some of the parameters that are considered to measure GNSS antenna performance are polarization, polarization, bandwidth, return loss and antenna dimensions. This study aims to design a low profile dual band microstrip antenna using the Defected Ground System (DGS) and Menader Line (ML) techniques for GNSS applications. In this research, the DGS technique is used to increase the bandwidth while the ML technique is used to reduce the antenna dimensions. This antenna design uses a FR4 Epoxy substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. To design and analyze the antenna, the CST Studio Suite 2016 simulator is used. The simulator is equipped with an optimizer feature that can optimize antenna parameters. Based on the design results, an antenna with a size of 183.6 x 183.6 x 1.6 mm3 has been produced. The antenna works in dual band, namely in the band 1247 - 1294 MHz (bandwidth - 3.70% BW) for radio navigation satellite services Glonass (G2) and Galileo (E6). And in the band 1539-1606 MHz (4.26% BW) for the Galileo (E1) flight radio navigation service, Compass and GPS (L1).
Keywords: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), low-profile dual-band microstrip antenna, Defected Ground System (DGS) dan Meander Line (ML).
Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan di Kelurahan Cibubur Jakarta Timur
Authors: Samsul Arifin  , Br Tarigan Egita Sari 
Published: August 2021

Desa/Kelurahan adalah unit pemerintahan daerah terkecil, sebagai bagian integral dari akuntansi pemerintah daerah Kabupaten atau Kota dalam NKRI, maka pertanggungjawaban keuangan Desa/Kelurahan sebaiknya diatur secara nasional. Akuntabilitas merupakan salah satu asas dalam penyelenggaraan Desa. Akuntabilitas harus diterima umum, sehingga sarana pertanggungjawaban perlu diatur dengan standar nasional.
Pengelolaan keuangan menjadi salah satu aspek penting bagi kemajuan institusi. Sepanjang institusi masih menggunakan uang sebagai alat transaksi, akuntansi sangat dibutuhkan oleh institusi. Akuntansi akan memberikan beberapa manfaat, antara lain: dapat mengetahui posisi dana baik sumber maupun penggunaannya, dapat membuat anggaran yang tepat, dapat menghitung pajak, dan dapat mengetahui aliran uang tunai selama periode tertentu. Penggunaan akuntansi dapat mendukung tercapainya good corporate governance (GCG) khususnya dalam hal pengelolaan keuangan.
Berdasarkan hal diatas perlu dilakukan pelatihan bagi pegawai di kelurahan dalam hal mengelola keuangan dan menyusun laporan keuangan dengan menggunakan akuntansi. Program pelatihan yang ditawarkan berupa pelatihan akuntansi sederhana bagi pegawai kelurahan dan dapat segera diaplikasikan dalam operasionalnya.
Identification and Evaluation of the Aerobic Capacity of Athletic and Rowing Team Players of Islamabad City (The Capital of Pakistan)
Authors: Ali Muhammad Safdar , Marwat Pro.Dr. Mohibullaha Khan , Anjum Ghulam Shabbir 
Published: August 2021

Aerobic capacity is dominant factor of every individual for attaining dominating performance in sports particularly to achieve optimum performance in the endurance sports. The aim of study was to assess the aerobic capacity of the players of Athletics and rowing team of Islamabad. Aerobic and anaerobic exercises can be beneficial for the fitness and depending on the intensity, duration and events. The mechanism of respiration and heart rate is differ in aerobic and anaerobic activities. Thirty athletes from middle and long distance events of track and field age group (23.9 ± 3.0) weight (64.13 ± 7.0) and thirty players of the rowing team age group (27.9 ± 4.1) weight (81.4 ± 8.7) from the Capital city Islamabad team were selected to investigate their aerobic capacity through the PACER (Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run) test. The PACER

test for both teams was conducted at the same time and in the same conditions. The data were recorded and tabulated in respect of both the teams. The SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the data by applying individual sample t- test. It is concluded that Peak values of VO2 max of athletics team (58.81% ± 3% l/min), were significantly higher (p<0,005) than rowing team players which had (55.29 % ± 3% l/min. Rowing players require higher degree of endurance for optimum achievements. The results indicated that peak values of VO2 max of athletics team is higher due to less body weight as compared to rowing team. Body weight has significant impact on aerobic capacity.
Physical Exercise to Combat Academic Burnout in Students
Authors: Ali Asif , Azam Muhammad , Shaikh Asad Hussain 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this analytical study was to synthesize existing evidence relating to the association of exercise or physical activity with academic burnout in students. Relevant articles were systematically and rigorously searched using ten research databases. Following screening for relevancy, ten studies (eight cross-sectional, one cohort, and one interventional) were selected to include for final synthesis. All of the cross-sectional studies had good or satisfactory quality ratings, and the cohort and interventional studies included in this review had moderate to strong quality ratings. Six out of eight cross-sectional studies showed an inverse relationship of physical activity or exercise with academic burnout with the exception of two studies showed no significant associations. The cohort and interventional studies also demonstrated negative relationships of physical activity with academic burnout. The findings are likely to provide some evidence that physical activity may be capable to reduce academic burnout in students.
PENERAPAN METODE MENGUBAH TEKS WAWANCARA MENJADI KARANGAN NARASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS SISWA KELAS VIII A MTs NEGERI 2 PURBALINGGA SEMESTER GASAL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: FAUZI SIS NUR MUHAMMAD 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis Karangan Narasi siswa kelas VIII A MTsN 2 Purbalingga dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran mengubah teks wawancara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan kelas (Clasroom Action Research) yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif serta partisipatoris melalui tahapan perencanaan (planning), pelaksanaan tindakan (acting), pengamatan (observasi), dan refleksi (reflecting). Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A MTsN 2 Purbalingga dengan jumlah 38 siswa. Obyek penelitian ini mencakup proses dan hasil. Obyek penelitian yang berupa proses adalah pelaksanaan proses penulisan karangan Narasi dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran mengubah teks wawancara di kelas VIII A MTsN 2 Purbalingga. Obyek yang berupa hasil adalah hasil tulisan siswa berupa karangan narasi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan non test. Teknik test digunakan untuk mengetahui keterampilan menulis karangan narasi siswa sesuai dengan kriteria ketuntasan minimal perorangan dan ketuntasan kalsikal. Teknik non test digunakan untuk mengetahui suasana dan proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan, berupa observasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan, angket, dan dokumentasi gambar. Validitas yang digunakan dalam penelitian tindakan ini adalah validitas demokratik, proses, dialogik dan triangulasi. Penelitin ini akan menggunakan teknik analisis naratif. Hasil Penelitian tindakan kelas ini disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menulis melalui model pembelajaran mengubah teks wawancara dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis karangan narasi siswa kelas VIII A MTsN 2 Purbalingga. Peningkatan keterampilan menulis narasi berbahasa Inggris siswa ditandai : (1) hasil belajar peserta didik telah tercapai, ditunjukkan dengan nilai daya serap perorangan peserta didik pada prasiklus sebesar 63,5 meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 68,4 dan meningkat lagi pada siklus II menjadi 69,8 dan pada siklus III menjadi 75,2 melebihi target KKM yang ditentukan, yaitu 75 dan daya serap klasikal (kelas siswa pada prasiklus sebesar 28,6% meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 40% meningkat lagi pada siklus II 60% dan pada siklus III meningkat mencapai 87%. Target klasikal juga sudah melampaui krena tuntas klasikal sudah mencapai 85%. (2) Situasi belajarmengajar pada siklus I, siklus II maupun siklus III meningkat dalam aktivitas belajar mengajar yang aktif dan menyenangkan yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya respon, perhatian, partisipasi siswa dan aktivitas guru dalam proses pembelajaran menulis narasi.
Measurement report: Effect of wind shear on PM10 concentration vertical structure in the urban boundary layer in a complex terrain
Authors: Sekuła Piotr , Bokwa Anita , Bartyzel Jakub , Bochenek Bogdan , Chmura Łukasz , Gałkowski Michał , Zimnoch Mirosław 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The paper shows wind shear impact on PM10 vertical profiles in Kraków, southern Poland. The data used consist of background data for two cold seasons (September 2018 to April 2019 and September 2019 to April 2020) and data for several case studies from November 2019 to March 2020. The data are
composed of PM10 measurements, model data, and wind speed and direction
data. The background model data come from operational forecast results of the AROME model. PM10 concentration in the vertical profile was measured
with a sightseeing balloon. Significant spatial variability of the wind field was found. The case studies represent the conditions with much lower wind
speed and a much higher PM10 level than the seasonal average. The inversions were much more frequent than on average too. Wind shear turned
out to be the important factor in terms of PM10 vertical profile
modification. It is generated due to the relief impact, i.e. the presence of
a large valley, blocked on one side with the hills. The analysis of
PM10 profiles from all flights allows us to distinguish three vertical zones of potential air pollution hazards within the valley (about 100 m deep) and the city of Kraków: (1) up to about 60 m a.g.l. – the zone where
during periods of low wind speed, air pollution is potentially the highest
and the duration of such high levels is the longest, i.e. the zone with the
worst aerosanitary conditions; (2) about 60–100 m a.g.l. – transitional zone
where the large decrease in PM10 levels with height is observed; (3) above 100–120 m a.g.l. – the zone where air quality is significantly better than in zone 1, either due to the increase in the wind speed or due to
the wind direction change and advection of different, clean air masses.
Nonsurgical Correction of Cryptotia in Newborn: A Case Report
Authors: Wihastyoko Herman Y. L. , Arviansyah Arviansyah , Agustina Wilma , Siswanto Yudi , Sintaningrum Elisabeth P. 
Published: August 2021

Objective: To report on the result of nonsurgical correction of deformational auricular anomaly (cryptotia) using moulded silicone as a splint.
Methods: Congenital auricular anomalies can be categorized as either malformed or deformational. Cryptotia as a deformational anomaly is defined as an ear having normal chondrocutaneous components with an abnormal architecture; therefore, it can be manipulated digitally into normal shape. Auricular deformation commonly affect the helix and antehelix. Since neonatal auricle is extremely pliable, we used early splinting to correct deformational ear anomalies. These splints are made from silicone, moulded into a small bar and held in place with the Steri-Strips™. The type of the auricular anomaly was documented both clinically and photographically before and two months after the cessation of treatment. Assessment of the result was made by comparing the pre- and post-treatment photograph.
Result: In this case report, we applied this method to two newborn with cryptotia and the correction was achieved completely in two months after application of the silicone bar. The parents felt that auricular splinting is worthwhile.
Conclusion: Deformational congenital auricular anomaly can be corrected nonsurgically using splinting therapy. The treatment is effective if initiated in the first three months of life. Patients and parents persistence is essential to reach satisfactory outcome. Adherence to treatmenr is crucial to negate the need for surgical treatment of congenital auricular anomalies.
KAJIAN INTERTEKSTUAL NOVEL CINTA BERTABUR DI LANGIT MEKKAH KARYA ROIDAH DAN NOVEL ASMARA DI ATAS HARAM KARYA ZULKIFLI L. MUCHDI DENGAN PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI
Authors: Nurul Azizah Ririn 
Published: August 2021

Literary works in this era of progress have been very developed. The creation of literary works is usually influenced by the literary works that preceded it. The literary work that precedes is used as an example or role model for later literary works. Two or more literary works with the same theme have similarities and differences. Similarities and differences in several literary works can be analyzed using the principle of intertextuality. This principle is intended to examine texts that are considered to have a certain relationship with other texts so that it is possible for a work to become a hypogram for subsequent literary works. In this study the author chose the title " Intertextual Study of the Novel Cinta Bertabur Di Langit Mekkah by Roidah and Novel Asmara Di Atas Haram by Zulkifli L. Muchdi with a Sociological Approach ". Based on the object studied, this study aims to describe: (1) the structure of Roidah's novel Cinta Bertabur Di Langit Mekkah (CBM) and novel Asmara Di Atas Haram (ADH) by Zulkifli L. Muchdi, (2) similarities and differences in the novel Cinta Bertabur Di Langit Mekkah (CBM) by Roidah and novel Asmara Di Atas Haram (ADH) by Zulkifli L. Muchdi, (3) Intertextual relations between Roidah's novel Cinta Bertabur Di Langit Mekkah (CBM) and Zulkifli L. Muchdi's novel Asmara Di Atas Haram (ADH, and (4) sociological aspects of novel Cinta Bertabur Di Langit Mekkah (CBM) by Roidah and novel Asmara Di Atas Haram (ADH) by Zulkifli L. Muchdi. The method used is descriptive analysis method. The results obtained in the research are intrinsic elements of the novel, similarities and differences between the two novels, intertextual relations and sociological aspects which include social aspects, religious aspects, economic aspects, and love aspects.