bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital transformation and entrepreneurship process in SMEs of India: a moderating role of adoption of AI-CRM capability and strategic planning
Authors: Chatterjee Sheshadri , Chaudhuri Ranjan , Vrontis Demetris , Basile Gianpaolo 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify the determinants that could impact corporate digital entrepreneurship for the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of India. The study also investigates the moderating role that adopting artificial intelligence (AI)-customer relationship management (CRM) capability and strategic planning has in corporate digital entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachWith the inputs from literature and theories, a model has been developed conceptually. The model has been validated by partial least squares structural equation modeling technique with consideration of 315 usable respondents. The effects of the moderators have also been investigated by multigroup analysis.FindingsThe study highlights that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and willingness to change significantly impact corporate digital entrepreneurship for the SMEs of India. The study also highlights that the two moderators have significant impacts on the relationships between corporate digital entrepreneurship and its predictors.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has developed a unique model, which provides effective inputs to the entrepreneurs of SMEs of emerging economies. These inputs will help entrepreneurs to frame their policies to improve the existing traditional practices and processes that could be transformed into more digitalization for improving efficiency of their corporate digital entrepreneurial activities.Originality/valueThere are no studies which investigated how perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and willingness to change could impact corporate digital entrepreneurship with the moderating effects of adoption of AI-CRM capability and strategic planning, as concerns SMEs of emerging economies. In this regard, this study is deemed to be a unique attempt.
Crystal market: a way to study knowledge-based dynamic capabilities
Authors: Curado Carla , Henriques Paulo , Proença Isabel , Maia Diogo 
Published: May 2021

PurposeIn this work, the authors address a gap in the literature on the contribution of dynamic capabilities and internal contingencies to performance in a highly competitive environment.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use data from the Premier Football (soccer) League in Portugal over ten years. This league works as a laboratorial setting and enables the authors to identify the influences of the variables in the study.FindingsThe authors find evidence that human capital is decisive to a team's performance. This study’s findings question the role of the alignment between the different levels of the organization: strategic, tactical and operational.Research limitations/implicationsWith this work, the authors stress the importance (1) of using alternative scenarios in management research and (2) of the way that human and social capitals and managerial cognition and internal contingencies influence the development of knowledge-based dynamic capabilities, especially in highly regulated industries such has sports clubs.Practical implicationsThis work provides evidence on the importance of strategic coherence at different structural levels of the organization. Furthermore, it highlights the need to secure the right resources at the right time.Originality/valueThe authors propose a setting to run the study: a crystal market and an original measure of performance that reflect the relative achievement of market potential.
Development of capitals in integrated reporting and weighting representative indicators with entropy approach
Authors: Aras Güler , Mutlu Yıldırım Filiz 
Published: May 2021

PurposeIn integrated reporting, financial and non-financial performance is presented interactively, as the value creation abilities of corporations are shaped via capitals, the importance of the topic increases day by day. In addition to this, differentiation of importance of basic and sub-dimensions representing capitals between institutions leads to questions on which weight these should take place. From this point, this paper aims to develop capitals in integrated reporting and to weight the indicators representing them.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, first, to ensure that each component of capital is included in integrated reporting, governance capital has been added to capitals, which are identified in the international integrated reporting framework (the framework). Then, weights of each capital dimension and indicators within these dimensions have been determined in a banking sector example with the entropy method.FindingsIncluding the 2014-2017 period, an efficient weight assessment approach with the entropy method has been presented and it was observed that the most weighted element is the intellectual capital.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of this study are the lack of an agreed general indicator framework for indicators representing multiple capitals in integrated reporting, each bank’s data disclosure of different indicators and differentiation of the shared data between sources.Practical implicationsThis study guides the weighting studies necessary for integrated performance measurement.Social implicationsIt is foreseen that this study will be effective in the development of integrated thinking and this effect will contribute to the overall functioning of all sectors beyond the banking sector, which is the application area of the study.Originality/valueThe study is the first original study in the literature in terms of providing a new dimension by adding the governance capital to the capitals defined in the Framework.
Giant nevus comedonicus of the entire lower left limb protecting from the associated bullous pemphigoid: A hypothetical role of NEK9 mutation?
Authors: Herzum Astrid , Cozzani Emanuele , Micalizzi Claudia , Russo Roberto , Castelli Riccardo , Parodi Aurora 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present the case of a 92‐year‐old woman, with bullous pemphigoid (BP) and a concomitant nevus comedonicus (NC) presenting as an asymptomatic, linear lesion of the entire lower left limb, formed by multiple comedones. Dermoscopy of the NC and histopathology confirmed the clinical and dermoscopic suspect of giant congenital nevus comedonicus. The two entities presented no overlap. In this article, we speculate that a mutation of the NEK9 gene, associated with NC, probably altering the normal follicular differentiation in NC lesions, may hypothetically also influence the expression of BPAG2 in NC. This might possibly influence a protective role of NC lesions towards BP. Undoubtedly, genetic studies would be needed to confirm or reject the proposed hypothesis.
Interleukin (IL)‐13/IL‐22/IL‐31 skewing within the skin‐homing T‐cell population in papuloerythroderma
Authors: Takamura Saori , Teraki Yuichi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPapuloerythroderma (PEO) is a representative form of senile erythroderma with an unclear pathogenesis. This study aimed to characterize the T‐cell phenotypes responsible for the pathogenesis of PEO. Cytokine profiles and cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) expression on circulating T lymphocytes in patients with PEO were simultaneously analyzed using flow cytometry. The patients with PEO showed significantly higher circulating interleukin (IL)‐4‐, IL‐13‐, IL‐22‐, and IL‐31‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell levels than healthy subjects. However, their levels significantly decreased after remission of PEO. No difference was observed in the proportions of circulating interferon (IFN)‐γ‐ and IL‐17‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between the patients with PEO and healthy subjects. In particular, the proportion of circulating IL‐4‐, IL‐13‐, IL‐22‐, and IL‐31‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was much higher in the CLA+ subset than in the CLA– subset. There was a positive correlation between IL‐13‐, IL‐22‐, and IL‐31‐producing CD4+ T cells and the disease severity score of PEO. Moreover, a positive correlation was also observed between the proportion of IL‐22‐ or IL‐31‐producing cells and circulating IL‐13‐producing cells in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and approximately 50% of both IL‐22‐ and IL‐31‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells coproduced IL‐13. IL‐13/IL‐22/IL‐31 skewing within the skin‐homing T‐cell population may be involved in the pathogenesis of PEO.
Preen gland microbiota of songbirds differ across populations but not sexes
Authors: Grieves Leanne A. , Gloor Gregory B. , Kelly Tosha R. , Bernards Mark A. , MacDougall‐Shackleton Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Metabolites produced by symbiotic microbes can affect the odour of their hosts, providing olfactory cues of identity, sex or other salient features.

In birds, preen oil is a major source of body odour that differs between populations and sexes. We hypothesized that population and sex differences in preen oil chemistry reflect underlying differences in preen gland microbiota, predicting that these microbes also differ among populations and between the sexes. We further predicted that pairwise similarity in the community composition of preen gland microbiota would covary with that of preen oil chemical composition, consistent with the fermentation hypothesis for chemical recognition.

We analysed preen oil chemistry and preen gland bacterial communities of song sparrows Melospiza melodia. Birds were sampled at sites for which population and sex differences in preen oil have been reported, and at a third site that has been less studied.

Consistent with prior work in this system, we found population and sex differences in preen oil chemistry. By contrast, we found population differences but not sex differences in the community composition of preen gland microbes. Overall similarity in the community composition of preen gland microbiota did not significantly covary with that of preen oil chemistry. However, we identified a subset of six microbial genera that maximally correlated with preen oil composition.

Although both preen gland microbiota and preen oil composition differ across populations, we did not observe an overall association between them that would implicate symbiotic microbes in mediating variation in olfactory cues associated with preen oil. Instead, certain subsets of microbes may be involved in mediating olfactory cues in birds, but experiments are required to test this.
Responses of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa under Pb(II) stress: carotenoid production and budding
Authors: Wang Zhijun , Zhang Ying , Jiang Liu , Qiu Jingjing , Gao Yanan , Gu Tingting , Li Zhen 
Published: May 2021

SummaryRhodotorula mucilaginosa resists heavy metal (HM) stress because of its abundant extracellular polymeric substances and functional vesicles. In this study, we provided new insights into its survival strategies at both biochemical and genetic levels. After lead exposure, carotenoid biosynthesis was initiated within 24 h incubation and then increased to the maximum after 96 h of incubation. Raman analysis confirmed that carotenoids (primarily β‐carotene) were the major identifiable chemical substances on the cell surface. Moreover, the increased carotenoid production was accompanied by a rising budding rate, ~40% higher than that in the cultures without Pb. During the 96 h of incubation, the driving force for Pb accumulation was assigned to this elevated budding rate. After 96 h, biosorption was primarily attributed to the enhanced antioxidant ability of the single cells during carotenoid production. Furthermore, the yeast budding cells demonstrated an evidently heterogeneous biosorption of Pb, i.e., the rejuvenated daughters had a relatively lower Pb level than the mother cells. This resulted in the protection of the buds from Pb stress. After investigating phosphorus uptake and the RNA sequencing data, we finally confirmed two tightly correlated pathways that resist HM stress, i.e., biochemical (carotenoid production) and reproductive (healthy buds) pathways.
Refractive index measurement of the smallest bulk and surface glass microfragments in a model case
Authors: Vörös Tamás , Takács Krisztina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe refractive index measurement is a widely used investigation method of glass microtraces in forensic laboratories. The advantage of the method, in addition to its cost efficiency and repeatability, is that it is suitable for examining small fragments. In the present study, a real case was simulated, and fragments smaller than 250 micrometers obtained from five pieces of clothing, after breaking a pane of float glass, were investigated. In addition to the known (control) sample, altogether 25 bulk and 83 recovered surface fragments were also examined. In the first step, only one measurement was performed for each fragment to simulate the investigation of small fragments and test their measurability without crushing. All the bulk fragments met with the matching criterion Kmin ≤ Q ≤ Kmax, in which Kmin and Kmax are the minimum/maximum value of the measured refractive indices of the known sample, while Q is the measured (mean) value of the questioned fragment. However, the matching ratio was only approximately 60% for the surface fragments according to the one‐edge measurements. After crushing, the false exclusion rate was significantly reduced, and 79 of the 83 recovered surface fragments met with the matching criterion. As a result of crushing, not only the probability of matching, but also the edge count values improved significantly. Although the refractive index is only one property examined in the totality of glass analysis, the results of the present work can significantly contribute to the determination of the origin of small glass particles in real forensic cases.
A pen as an intermediate target becomes a secondary projectile
Authors: Jimenez Adam , Giffen Mark A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFirearm projectiles striking intermediate targets have the potential to create secondary projectiles, which can produce identifiable patterns of injury. We present a case in which a father, manipulating a handgun, was demonstrating how the firing pin worked to his adolescent son. He placed a pen inside the barrel of the gun for demonstration but did not recognize that a bullet was loaded into the firing chamber. The weapon was discharged causing fatal injury to the son. The pen, as an intermediate target, created identifiable injuries on the decedent, which were consistent with typical patterns of injury seen with secondary projectiles including a discrepant number of skin defects to number of counted projectiles and pseudo‐stippling. Recognition of these identifiable patterns of injury in intermediate target involved gunshot wound cases can help support other autopsy findings and scene investigation.
A new chelonibiid from the Miocene of Zanzibar (Eastern Africa) sheds light on the evolution of shell architecture in turtle and whale barnacles (Cirripedia: Coronuloidea)
Authors: COLLARETA Alberto , NEWMAN William A. , BOSIO Giulia , COLETTI Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe fossil history of turtle and whale barnacles (Coronuloidea: Chelonibiidae, Platylepadidae, Coronulidae and †Emersoniidae) is fragmentary and has only been investigated in part. Morphological inferences and molecular phylogenetic analyses on extant specimens suggest that the roots of whale barnacles (Coronulidae) are to be found among the chelonibiid turtle barnacles, but the hard‐part modifications that enabled early coronuloids to attach to the cetacean skin are still largely to be perceived. Here, we reappraise a fossil chelonibiid specimen from the Miocene of insular Tanzania that was previously referred to the living species Chelonibia caretta. This largely forgotten specimen is here described as the holotype of the new species †Chelonibia zanzibarensis. While similar to C. caretta, †C. zanzibarensis exhibits obvious external longitudinal parietal canals occurring in‐between external longitudinal parietal septa that abut outwards to form T‐shaped flanges, a character so far regarded as proper of the seemingly more derived Coronulidae and Platylepadidae. Along with these features, the presence of a substrate imprint on the shell exterior indicates that †C. zanzibarensis grasped its host's integument in much the same way as coronulids and platylepadids, albeit without the development of macroscopic parietal buttresses and bolsters. Thin section analyses of the inner parietal architecture of some extant and extinct coronuloids conclusively demonstrate that vestiges of comparable external parietal microstructures are present in some living members of Chelonibiidae. This observation strengthens the unity of Coronuloidea while significantly contributing to our understanding of the evolution of the coronuloid shell structure in adapting to a diverse spectrum of hosts.
Benchmarking bioinformatic tools for fast and accurate eDNA metabarcoding species identification
Authors: Mathon Laetitia , Valentini Alice , Guérin Pierre‐Edouard , Normandeau Eric , Noel Cyril , Lionnet Clément , Boulanger Emilie , Thuiller Wilfried , Bernatchez Louis , Mouillot David , Dejean Tony , Manel Stéphanie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBioinformatic analysis of eDNA metabarcoding data is a crucial step toward rigorously assessing biodiversity. Many programs are now available for each step of the required analyses, but their relative abilities at providing fast and accurate species lists have seldom been evaluated. We used simulated mock communities and real fish eDNA metabarcoding data to evaluate the performance of 13 bioinformatic programs and pipelines to retrieve fish occurrence and read abundance using the 12S mt rRNA gene marker. We used four indices to compare the outputs of each program with the simulated samples: sensitivity, F‐measure, root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) on read relative abundances, and execution time. We found marked differences among programs only for the taxonomic assignment step, both in terms of sensitivity, F‐measure and RMSE. Running time was highly different between programs for each step. The fastest programs with best indices for each step were assembled into a pipeline. We compared this pipeline to pipelines constructed from existing toolboxes (OBITools, Barque, and QIIME 2). Our pipeline and Barque obtained the best performance for all indices and appear to be better alternatives to highly used pipelines for analysing fish eDNA metabarcoding data when a complete reference database is available. Analysis on real eDNA metabarcoding data also indicated differences for taxonomic assignment and execution time only. This study reveals major differences between programs during the taxonomic assignment step. The choice of algorithm for the taxonomic assignment can have a significant impact on diversity estimates and should be made according to the objectives of the study.
Assessment of chemotherapy regimens on radiation pneumonitis in patients with unresectable stage III non‐small‐cell lung cancer after definitive chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Sakaguchi Tadashi , Ito Kentaro , Furuya Naoki , Morikawa Kei , Fujiwara Kentaro , Nishii Yoichi , Inoue Takeo , Hataji Osamu , Mineshita Masamichi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundConsolidation therapy with durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiotherapy has been reported to significantly prolong progression‐free survival and overall survival in patients with stage III unresectable non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, which chemotherapy regimen should be selected for consolidation therapy with durvalumab is currently unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC who received concurrent definitive chemoradiotherapy with platinum‐based chemotherapy. We reviewed the timing and severity of radiation pneumonitis by assessing chemotherapy regimens and histology.ResultsA total of 103 patients were identified. Fourteen patients (13.6%) developed grade 2 or greater radiation pneumonitis within 42 days after chemoradiotherapy. No adenocarcinoma patients treated with a regimen of cisplatin plus pemetrexed developed grade 2 or greater radiation pneumonitis within 42 days; however, 20% of patients who were treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel developed grade 2 or greater radiation pneumonitis. Furthermore, the objective response rates and disease control rates of cisplatin plus pemetrexed were equal to or greater than those of carboplatin plus paclitaxel in adenocarcinoma patients.ConclusionCisplatin plus pemetrexed regimen may be a preferable option to consider for subsequent consolidation therapy with durvalumab in patients with unresectable stage III adenocarcinoma.
The impact of COVID‐19 on anaesthesia and critical care services in the UK: a serial service evaluation*
Authors: Kursumovic E. , Cook T. M. , Vindrola‐Padros C. , Kane A. D. , Armstrong R. A. , Waite O. , Soar J. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryBetween October 2020 and January 2021, we conducted three national surveys to track anaesthetic, surgical and critical care activity during the second COVID‐19 pandemic wave in the UK. We surveyed all NHS hospitals where surgery is undertaken. Response rates, by round, were 64%, 56% and 51%. Despite important regional variations, the surveys showed increasing systemic pressure on anaesthetic and peri‐operative services due to the need to support critical care pandemic demands. During Rounds 1 and 2, approximately one in eight anaesthetic staff were not available for anaesthetic work. Approximately one in five operating theatres were closed and activity fell in those that were open. Some mitigation was achieved by relocation of surgical activity to other locations. Approximately one‐quarter of all surgical activity was lost, with paediatric and non‐cancer surgery most impacted. During January 2021, the system was largely overwhelmed. Almost one‐third of anaesthesia staff were unavailable, 42% of operating theatres were closed, national surgical activity reduced to less than half, including reduced cancer and emergency surgery. Redeployed anaesthesia staff increased the critical care workforce by 125%. Three‐quarters of critical care units were so expanded that planned surgery could not be safely resumed. At all times, the greatest resource limitation was staff. Due to lower response rates from the most pressed regions and hospitals, these results may underestimate the true impact. These findings have important implications for understanding what has happened during the COVID‐19 pandemic, planning recovery and building a system that will better respond to future waves or new epidemics.
The developmental trajectories of spatial skills in middle childhood
Authors: Hodgkiss Alex , Gilligan‐Lee Katie A. , Thomas Michael S.C. , Tolmie Andrew K. , Farran Emily K. 
Published: May 2021

The multidimensional structure of spatial ability remains a debated issue. However, the developmental trajectories of spatial skills have yet to be investigated as a source of evidence within this debate. We tested the intrinsic versus extrinsic and static versus dynamic dimensions of the Uttal et al. (2013, Psychol. Bull., 139, 352) typology in relation to spatial development. Participants (N = 184) aged 6–11 completed spatial tasks chosen to measure these spatial dimensions. The results indicated that the developmental trajectories of intrinsic versus extrinsic skills differed significantly. Intrinsic skills improved more between 6 and 8 years, and 7 and 8 years, than extrinsic skills. Extrinsic skills increased more between 8 and 10 years than intrinsic skills. The trajectories of static versus dynamic skills did not differ significantly. The findings support the intrinsic versus extrinsic, but not the static versus dynamic dimension, of the Uttal et al. (2013, Psychol. Bull., 139, 352) typology.