bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic analysis of AED use
Authors: Pogorzelczyk K , Robakowska M , Basiński A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
In the Pomorskie Voivodeship (Poland), there are statistically 1,379 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases. Not all affected people receive help. Despite the continued installation of AEDs in public spaces, the public is reluctant to use them. Sudden cardiac arrest has a high mortality rate.

Methods
The following aims were assumed in the study:
Estimation of the level of risk of cardiac arrest in outpatient conditions among the population of the Pomorskie Voivodeship according to national and global data, CBA and CUA for three options - current, zero and 100% AED use. During the research, an original questionnaire was used. The answers were collected during direct interviews with the respondents and by making the form available via the Internet. 20,971 responses were included in the analysis. Data collected in registers and inventories of major public administration offices (ie 123 municipalities) regarding the location of devices in public space were used to assess the degree of AED prevalence. Cost data was taken from information databases and directly from medical entities. The economic analysis was based on the use of the CBA and CUA pharmacoeconomic analysis.

Results
Pharmacoeconomic analysis showed a level of investment unprofitability. There is a significant difference between the profitability results made for the levels of current, zero and 100% AED use. Statistical analysis showed relationships between gender, place of residence, education level and knowledge about AED among the inhabitants of the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Conclusions
The low level of AED equipment operation and the unsatisfactory level of knowledge among the inhabitants of the Pomeranian Voivodeship contribute to a very low level of investment profitability.

Key messages
Education is the key to optimizing public spending. The level of profitability of public investment depends on various social factors.
Effectiveness of Personalized Cardiovascular Risk Score on Employee Smoking Behavior: An RCT
Authors: Wanitchatchawan W , Tadadej C , Pongpirul K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Based on the Nudge Theory, an individual could make better decisions by offering small changes to the choices offered that could lead to dramatic changes in their behaviors. A cardiovascular risk score could be added to the employee health checkup report and become a good nudge for smoking employees. This study aimed to compare the effect of various personalized cardiovascular risk score reports on employee smoking cessation.

Methods
This three-arm randomized controlled trial recruited smoking employees of a 600-bed hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, and was conducted during January-April, 2020. The cardiovascular risk score of each participant was calculated by using the 2013 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association guidelines. While a conventional annual checkup report was provided to all participants, intervention group A also received both smoking-positive and smoking-negative risk scores whereas intervention group B also received a smoking-positive risk score. The number of cigarettes was collected at weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12. The changes in the number of cigarettes were analyzed by using repeated measure ANOVA.

Results
Thirty-six smoking employees were recruited (mean age 35.67±10.54 years; male 97.2%). Two-third (66.7%) had a low cardiovascular risk. The participants smoked 53.03±47.88 cigarettes per week and 66.7% did not have the intention to quit smoking. For Group A, the number of cigarettes significantly reduced by 19.58 (p = 0.04), 28.92 (p = 0.00), and 35.50 (p = 0.00) at weeks 4, 8, and 12, respectively. For Group B, the number of cigarettes reduced by 14.25 (p = 0.13), 21.35 (p = 0.03), and 18.08 (p = 0.06) at weeks 4, 8, and 12, respectively. For Group C, the number of cigarettes increased by 0.42 (p = 0.96), 5.89 (p = 0.54), and 12.44 (p = 0.20) at weeks 4, 8, and 12, respectively.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular risk score in an employee checkup report could be a simple yet effective intervention for smoking cessation.

Key messages
Based on the Nudge Theory, an individual could make healthier decisions by offering small changes to the choices offered that could lead to a reduction in cigarette consumption. Cardiovascular risk score in an employee checkup report could be a simple yet effective intervention for smoking cessation.
Overcoming social distancing in interventions with older adults by using digital media?
Authors: Foitzik E , Kaiser V , Pentner C , Zastrow F , Hassel H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

It was shown that older adults' health literacy has deteriorated in course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Two ongoing interventions aiming to improve health and food literacy as well as self-management by regular in-person meetings with working groups for persons aged 60 and older were put on hold. To help orientating in an information flood, to stay rooted in social networks, and to counteract intervention drop-out, a bridging program was developed. Telephone interviews with peer-moderators on technical equipment for digital communication, media literacy and relevant topics were conducted. The peer-moderators were trained in performing video and phone conferences as well as phone chains. A total number of 23 moderators leading 15 groups with 170 participants were involved in the interventions before the lockdown. It was found that the majority of participants were not able or equipped to perform video or telephone conferences. Based on these findings, health information and exercises were sent periodically by post and each group implemented a phone chain. Both measures were well-accepted by all groups. Conference calls with the moderators were conducted only twice due to low acceptance. Despite training for video conferences, none of the groups managed to use digital media alone for communication. Nevertheless, only four groups, nine moderators and 94 participants, quit the program during the lockdown. The acceptance of the moderators is key to introduce the participants to new communication channels. Due to insufficient digitalized homes, lack of digital devices or technical affinity, the distribution predominantly took place via postal dispatch. Even though the bridging program was well accepted, participants still rather waited until in-person meetings were allowed again instead of swapping to digital communication. A regular, participatory developed, multichannel intervention can help to engage older adults and maintain intervention research in times of crisis.

Key messages
Multichannel and participatory developed interventions can help group programs with older adults surviving a crisis. Mere digital communication, lacking knowledge and equipment can discourage older adults to stay socially active.
Providing mammography in workplaces improved screening rates: cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Shima A , Tanaka H , Okamura T , Nishikawa T , Godai K , Kimura T , Tatsumi Y , Morino A , Kawatsu Y , Miyamatsu N 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite sufficient evidence on the importance of breast cancer screening, the screening rate has remained less than 50% in Japan. To promote behavioral change of individuals, it is important to reduce barriers to taking screening. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an environmental approach providing opportunities for mammography (MMG) in workplaces.

Methods
Female employees aged 40 years or older were eligible. Supermarket stores were randomly assigned into two groups, the intervention arm (leaflet and MMG) and the control arm (leaflet). From May to July 2018, participants in the intervention arm were given a leaflet informing the subsidies for breast cancer screening and were provided the opportunity to have MMG in their workplace. Participants in the control group were given the same leaflet, but they had to take the screening outside the workplace as usual. The primary outcome was the breast cancer screening rate in 2018, evaluated using self-administered questionnaires. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the screening rate in the intervention arm compared with the control arm was estimated using multilevel logistic regression.

Results
We analyzed 1624 participants (mean age was 53 years) from 25 supermarket stores (intervention: 578 patients in 8 stores, control: 1046 patients in 17 stores). The screening rate in the intervention arm was 312 (54%) and was 125 (12%) in the control arm. The OR (and 95% CIs) was 7.81 (5.03-12.12) in the final model adjusted store level effects (i.e., stores and screening rate in 2017 at each store) and individual age and current smoking.

Conclusions
In a worksite-based cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in a Japanese population, an environmental approach providing MMG opportunities in workplaces significantly increased the self-reported breast cancer screening rate within one year. (UMIN000030465)

Key messages
Providing the opportunity of mammography in Japanese supermarket stores improved the breast cancer screening rate. An environmental approach reducing barriers to screening may be more effective than conventional approaches in improving breast cancer screening rate.
Knowledge on sexually transmitted diseases: results from a survey among Italian university students
Authors: Tocco Tussardi I , Mazzi M , Benoni R , Astorino G , Fila A , Tardivo S , Majori S , Busch IM , Rimondini M , Moretti F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are one of the most pressing public health concerns in many countries. Adolescents and young adults are the most affected population. Given that risky sexual behaviors are a growing trend, awareness must be increased. To identify the most important issues contributing to STDs spreading in the young population, we designed a project aimed to explore knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to STDs among students from an Italian University. As part of this bigger project, the present study focused on data regarding knowledge, information/education sources, and awareness on non-sexual ways of transmission.

Methods
A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out at the University of Verona, Italy. An ad-hoc questionnaire was developed based on existing literature and expert consensus and was administered to the students from December 2, 2020 to January 7, 2021. The project was approved by the Committee for Human Research of the University of Verona.

Results
A total number of 2258 individuals (76% women) answered the survey. Results were not quite satisfactory, especially regarding the knowledge on ways of STD transmission and carcinogenic viruses, and students showed misperceptions about general knowledge related to STDs. The study also demonstrated that students collect information on STDs primarily from the internet but would turn to a specialist in case of doubt. Misbeliefs regarding non-sexual ways of transmission were observed. Regarding differences between genders, the female population was tendentially more aware of the link between Papilloma Virus infection and cancer.

Conclusions
This study indicates that current educational efforts to disseminate knowledge on STDs and thus contain infections are not sufficient. To prevent future spreading of STDs, information activities regarding STDs should be increased and health education in schools and universities promoted.

Key messages
Early information and education are among the pillars of controlling the spread of STDs, but at the moment they still seem to need better implementation. Assessing which areas of knowledge must be improved in different groups can facilitate the development of targeted interventions to achieve better results in terms of disease awareness and prevention.
Women’s knowledge, awareness and prevention of cervical cancer and infection from HPV in Greece
Authors: Giota B , Kitsou KS , Bakola M , Kallianezos P , Charalambous G , Jelastopulu E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer prevention can be obtained by regular screening with Papanicolaou test. However, in recent years HPV DNA test and mRNA HPV test are available for the screening for cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine helps protect against HPV- related cancers. Our aim was to investigate the beliefs and knowledge of women living in a city in northwestern Thessaly, Greece, regarding the prevention of cervical cancer.

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted among 119 women, 18-65 years old and living in Trikala, Greece. They completed a 45-item self-administered questionnaire, investigating their knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors regarding the prevention of cervical cancer, the infection with HPV, the Papanicolaou test and vaccination. Furthermore, associations between knowledge and behaviors as well as with various demographic factors were explored.

Results
Most of the women had at least university education (77%). More than 90% declared to visit an obstetrician-gynecologist at least once a year and 68.4% regularly have a Pap smear once a year. 95.8% were aware of the importance of a Pap smear and 82% declared a positive attitude regarding HPV vaccination. Higher knowledge regarding examination and vaccination, was associated with marital status (married) (p = 0.002) and educational level (higher educational level) (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
The majority of women in our sample know why they should do the Pap test; however, they need to be further informed with additional details about the diagnostic test. Although most of the women were aware about the importance of testing, one third of them were not regularly tested for cervical cancer detection or had lacked knowledge about vaccination.

Key messages
A high percentage of women is aware about the benefits of cervical cancer screening. However, information campaigns and establishment of national screening programs are required to facilitate the access to such programs for all women.
Identification of key determinants to reduce alcohol consumption among young adults
Authors: Wolf A , Alberternst C , Hößelbarth S , Scheibe M , Hassel H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hazardous drinking is a widespread problem and has serious effects on public health. Young adults (aged 18-25) in particular are at increased risk of heavy alcohol consumption, especially binge drinking. At the same time, they are difficult to reach by prevention programs. Using the intervention mapping approach (IM), the community-based prevention program IDEAL will be developed in Northern Bavaria and Southern Thuringia until the end of 2021. As one of the first planning steps, a comprehensive literature search was required to identify the determinants of heavy alcohol consumption among young adults.

Methods
A systematic literature research was performed using three databases including reviews published in English or German between the years 2011 and 2021 with focus on community-based interventions for reducing alcohol consumption.

Results
The search yielded 33 reviews meeting the inclusion criteria with the majority of interventions targeting students. 12 determinants were identified, of which seven were individual factors, three environmental and two social factors. Most of the studies address the perception of drinking peer norms in combination with other individual factors like knowledge of alcohol consequences or coping-skills. Furthermore, important data exist, on whether gender-specific distinctions have impact on the efficacy of these factors.

Conclusions
Based on the research, interventions targeting the perception of peer norms in combination with other developmental factors are effective in reducing young adult's hazardous drinking. But the efficacy of these factors may differ depending on gender. In addition, it is difficult to expose which factor was responsible for the behavior change and thus for the efficacy. Therefore, future research is needed to focus on single gender-specific intervention components.

Key messages
The combination of addressing perceived peer norms with developmental factors in interventions is a successful approach to reduce alcohol consumption among young adults. But it seems essential to consider gender in the implementation in order to change drinking behavior.
The involvement in health promotion in the setting of daycare centres - Description of access
Authors: Kuchler M , Rauscher M , Quilling E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
For health promotion and prevention in childhood, e.g. overweight, the daycare setting enables particularly early access to the target groups. The aim is to address not only children, but more explicitly also their parents and the wider social environment, and to involve them in the planning and implementation of measures. The project is developing participative and demand-oriented offers in different institutions throughout Germany. Scientific monitoring aims to generate recommendations for action for participatory health research from these various experiences.

Methods
Access takes place via day care centres and family centres. The participatory research design starts with the Search Conference method. With this method, institution-specific needs are identified on a local level and goals are defined that determine the further processes. The participatory procedure is accompanied by interviews and focus group discussions which are analysed according to Mayring.

Results
Due to lockdown, access to the target groups via the institution is difficult. Families and network partners are hardly accessible and heavily burdened. Nevertheless, it has been possible to establish digital participation in some institutions. The evaluations show that parents have a great interest in the health of their children. On the one hand, the results indicate that the current conditions lead to a wait-and-see attitude on the part of the institutions, while at the same time the topic of health is gaining in importance among all those involved.

Conclusions
Participatory methods pose a particular challenge during lockdown and must be adapted to the current situation. Especially when moving participation into the digital space, daycare centres (and similar institutions) play a key role as gatekeepers.

Key messages
Covid 19 highlights the central role of families and the immediate social environment for children. It is essential to involve them in health promotion to enable children to grow up healthily.
Healthy diet and lifestyles assessment using a mEMA approach: protocol of the HEALTHY-UNICT study
Authors: Barchitta M , Maugeri A , Favara G , Magnano San Lio R , Riela PM , Guarnera L , Battiato S , Agodi A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Dietary intake, physical activity and other lifestyle factors, behaviors known to change in college students, may affect long-term health outcomes. The mobile Ecological Momentary Assessment (mEMA) methods represent an innovative, detailed and valid approach to capture the complexity of food intake and behaviors and to overcome limitations of traditional dietary assessment methods. The main aim of the HEALTHY-UNICT study is to characterize heating habits, including Mediterranean Diet adherence, and others lifestyle factors, and their relationship with anthropometrics and emotions in a sample of college students of the University of Catania, using real-time mEMA methods and an innovative custom mEMA application.

Methods
Data will be collected using a mEMA tool administered via a web-based application. mEMA data collection will be carried out in two waves during the second semester of the academic year. During each wave, participants will receive prompts via the text messages to complete the surveys during four selected days, eight times per day.

Results
This abstract describes the protocol of the study. The HEALTHY-UNICT study aims to follow university students from a large university. A total of 100 students will be enrolled in the pilot phase. Expected results are the characterization of dietary behaviors, including Mediterranean diet adherence, food choices and others lifestyle factors, including smoking habits and physical activity and their relationship with anthropometrics and emotions in the sample of college students of the University of Catania.

Conclusions
The project idea should be relevant since results of the study could be useful to identify targets for the improvement of health and the promotion of healthy lifestyles in young adults. The HEALTHY-UNICT project will contribute to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the area of food and nutrition, to improve nutrition and lifestyle, through actions that combine tradition and innovation.

Key messages
The study will provide a better understanding of the food choices that college students make and insights for individual and population level prevention interventions. Findings of this study could be used to develop targeted interventions that encourage healthy food choices and healthy habit and ultimately reduce the risk of overweight and others adverse outcomes.
Co-producing in the everyday meeting with residents from a deprived neighborhood
Authors: Termansen T , Vardinghus-Nielsen H , Bloch P , Tørslev M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Many community interventions struggle to involve and engage the most vulnerable groups in co-production processes. The purpose of this study is to provide knowledge concerning ways of ensuring participation and co-production in a community restaurant with residents from a deprived neighborhood. The study is part of the initiative Tingbjerg Changing Diabetes and the purpose of the restaurant is to engage residents and mobilize resources through participation in cooking workshop, social dining and co-production processes.

Methods
The study is based on Community Action Research (CAR), combining 1) in depth ethnographic fieldwork in the neighborhood Tingbjerg from January 2020 to August 2021, 2) participatory methods engaging residents in the development process and 3) interviews with stakeholders (n:7) and residents (n:9). The study is ongoing, but most data has been gathered and preliminary analyses have been conducted.

Preliminary Findings
Results show that co-production in the community restaurant is characterized by a flexible approach to participation. Furthermore, the study illustrates that co-production processes are be build up over time. Conventional approaches to co-production, e.g. as a facilitated process did not fit well into the context. Rather, for co-production to become valuable, practitioners had to let co-production happen in the everyday meeting with residents.

Conclusions
The engagement of residents was a prerequisite for valuable co-production processes, and co-production in the everyday meeting provided value for both residents and practitioners who managed to build sustainable relationships and mobilize resources to take ownership of the restaurant. Main message: There is potential in moving co-production away from facilitated processes and into the everyday meeting with residents from deprived neighborhoods. This will potentially lead to more sustainable interventions and ownership.

Key messages
Co-production can be executed in the everyday meeting with residents from a deprived neighborhood. Flexible and fluid approach to participation can ensure attendance and engagement from the seemingly ‘unengageable'.