bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting summer fin whale distribution in the Pelagos Sanctuary (north‐western Mediterranean Sea) to identify dynamic whale–vessel collision risk areas
Authors: Ham Gin Swen , Lahaye Elise , Rosso Massimiliano , Moulins Aurelie , Hines Ellen , Tepsich Paola 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Mediterranean fin whales aggregating in the Pelagos Sanctuary in summer to feed are exposed to vessel collision risk, particularly from high‐speed ferries.
This study developed models to predict summer fin whale distribution using a generalized additive model (GAM) and MaxEnt, with the aim of providing a tool to identify potential high whale–ferry collision risk areas along ferry routes within the Pelagos Sanctuary during summertime.
Models were trained using sightings data collected in the summer months of 2009–2018 on board ferries crossing the central area of the Pelagos Sanctuary. Environmental predictors were bathymetry and mean sea surface chlorophyll concentration of the annual spring bloom period.
The predictive ability of GAM and MaxEnt was assessed using existing knowledge of summer fin whale distribution in the region. GAM (deviance explained = 20.2%) predictions matched documented distributions more closely than that of MaxEnt, with highest predicted fin whale occurrence in deep offshore waters (>2000 m) encompassing the central north‐western and western regions, and in the south‐eastern region, consistent with known fin whale habitats within the Pelagos Sanctuary. Inter‐annual variability was evident, influencing collision risk areas.
Collision risk was estimated as a function of the overlap between the predicted probability of fin whale occurrence and ferry density estimated from Automated Identification System data. Ferry routes that cross the northern and eastern regions of the Pelagos Sanctuary presented relatively higher collision risk.
Areas with changes in risk intensity between the years were temporally and spatially dynamic: some appeared intermittently throughout the study period while others persisted over consecutive years or recurred in different years.
Due to the vastness of the Pelagos Sanctuary, vessel speed reduction maybe a more practical measure to manage collision risk than re‐routing shipping lanes. A combination of Seasonal Management Areas and Dynamic Management Areas approaches could be adopted for high‐risk areas.
Addressing Risks Across the Organization: Enterprise Risk Management
Authors: Sharma Usha , Chapman Ted , Garrison Seth W. 
Published: June 2021

Key TakeawaysEnterprise risk management (ERM) examines an organization as a whole to align priorities for cost‐efficient utility success, such as public health, environmental stewardship, and organizational integrity.In various forms and over various time frames, risk involves not only infrastructure assets but also those associated with knowledge, communities, and organizational trust.ERM entails buy‐in from senior management, engaging key stakeholders and keeping it simple at the start, and understanding the continuous evolution of emerging threats.In implementing an ERM culture, successful utilities draw on triple‐bottom‐line (environmental, social, and governance) and Effective Utility Management principles.
Building Compelling Business Cases for Digital Water Metering
Authors: Monks Ian , Stewart Rodney A. , Sahin Oz , Keller Robert 
Published: June 2021

Key TakeawaysBusiness cases often strain to identify enough benefits to cover costs of digital water metering (DWM), consisting of advanced metering infrastructure and data analytics.An Australian study in 2020 identified 77 benefits of DWM, potentially generating cost savings and customer satisfaction improvements.Modeling software makes projections of monetary savings over the DWM project life cycle and considers customer satisfaction improvements linked to DWM deployment.Leasing meters may provide lower entry costs, shifting risks to the supplier and avoiding lock‐in of today's technology for long periods to achieve acceptable returns on investment.
Antiperovskite Ionic Conductor Layer for Stabilizing the Interface of NASICON Solid Electrolyte Against Li Metal in All‐Solid‐State Batteries**
Authors: Gao Lei , Zhao Ruo , Han Songbai , Li Shuai , Zou Ruqiang , Zhao Yusheng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe instability of the interface between solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) and Li metal anodes is a critical factor restricting the application of NASICON‐type ionic conductors in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). Here, the lithium‐rich antiperovskite (LiRAP) Li2OHBr ionic conductor is introduced as a protective layer for the NASICON‐type solid electrolyte Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAGP) by a simple way of rapid solidification of molten Li2OHBr, to prevent the adverse reaction caused by direct contact between LAGP and Li metal. The Li/Li symmetric cells with Li2OHBr protective layer exhibit long‐term cycle stability compared with the bare LAGP, and the mechanisms are analyzed by XPS measurements for the interface between SSEs and Li metal. Also, the LiFePO4/Li ASSLBs have been assembled to further demonstrate this advantage. This work shows that LiRAP Li2OHBr can improve the cycling stability of ASSLBs from the perspective of Li metal anode protection.
Cardiovascular events in cancer patients with bone metastases—A Danish population‐based cohort study of 23,113 patients
Authors: Asdahl Peter H. , Sundbøll Jens , Adelborg Kasper , Rasmussen Thomas B. , Seesaghur Anouchka M. , Hernandez Rohini K. , Sørensen Henrik T. , Pedersen Alma B. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence of cardiovascular events among cancer patients with bone metastases is poorly understood. We examined rates of cardiovascular events among cancer patients with bone metastases and mortality following such events.MethodsUsing Danish health registries, we identified all Danish cancer patients diagnosed with bone metastases (1994–2013) and followed them from bone metastasis diagnosis. We computed incidence rates (IR) per 100 person‐years and cumulative incidence for first‐time inpatient hospitalization or outpatient clinic visit for cardiovascular events, defined as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or venous thromboembolism (VTE). We also analyzed all‐cause mortality rates including cardiovascular events as time‐varying exposure with adjustment for age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score. All analyses were performed overall and stratified by cancer type (prostate, breast, lung, and other).ResultsWe included 23,113 cancer patients with bone metastases. The cumulative incidence of cardiovascular events was 1.3% at 30 days, 3.7% at 1 year, and 5.2% at 5 years of follow‐up. The highest IR was observed for VTE, followed by ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, both overall and by cancer types. Lung cancer patients with bone metastases had the highest incidence of cardiovascular events followed by prostate and breast cancer. Occurrence of any cardiovascular event was a strong predictor of death (5 years following the event, the adjusted hazard ratio was 1.8 [95% confidence interval: 1.7–1.9]).ConclusionCancer patients with bone metastases had a substantial risk of developing cardiovascular events, and these events were associated with a subsequent increased mortality. Our findings underscore the importance of continuous optimized prevention of and care for cardiovascular disease among cancer patients with bone metastases.
Serial evaluation of vascular responses after implantation of everolimus‐eluting coronary stent by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Kaul Upendra , Abhyankar Atul , K. Abhaichand Rajpal , Bhagwat Ajit , Sengottuvelu Gunasekaran , Gopalan Bahuleyan Charantharayil , Arambam Priyadarshini , Yumnam Diana 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate healing response at strut‐level and cross‐section level after implanting an ultra‐thin strut, everolimus‐eluting stent with biodegradable polymer (Tetrilimus) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 3 and 6 months.MethodsThis was prospective, multi‐centre, single‐arm, and investigator‐initiated study performed at seven Indian sites between January, 2017 and September, 2018. OCT evaluations were performed in 57 patients who underwent Tetrilimus stent implantation. Follow‐up OCT was scheduled at 3 months for first 16 patients and at 6 months for 41 patients. Primary outcomes included degree of strut coverage, malapposition and thickness of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) over covered struts.ResultsSixty one Tetrilimus stents were implanted to treat 59 lesions in 57 patients. Paired (baseline and follow‐up) OCT data was available for 12 patients and 30 patients at 3 and 6 months, respectively. At 3 months, rapid early healing was indicated by 95.48% covered struts per lesion with very low (0.11 ± 0.06 mm) NIH. At 6 months, NIH accumulation was greater (0.21 ± 0.07 mm) as compared to 3 months. 99.77% of struts per lesion were covered at 6 months. There was a very symmetrical healing as shown by very low eccentricity index. There was no difference in vascular healing between stents with small to moderate size vessels (≤3.00 mm) and large size vessels (>3.00 mm).ConclusionPresent study demonstrated nearly complete endothelization and low NIH accumulation at 3 and 6 months following implantation of ultra‐thin strut everolimus‐eluting biodegradable polymer‐coated Tetrilimus stent. Moreover, though being an ultra‐thin strut stent, there was no difference in vascular healing and eccentricity after implantation of the Tetrilimus stents with smaller and larger diameters.
A New Fluorinated Sultone as Multifunctional Electrolyte Additive for High‐Performance LiCoO2/Graphite Cell
Authors: Zhang Lengdan , Zuo Xiaoxi , Zhu Tianming , Lei Wenping , Xie Dongming , Liu Jiansheng , Xiao Xin , Chen Xinli , Nan Junmin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe energy density of lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2)‐based cells can be increased by charging at voltages above 4.2 V. However, the poor interface stability of the cathode/electrolyte deriving from the continuous severe decomposition of the electrolyte on the cathode/electrolyte surface and the instability of the structure of the cathode at high‐voltage operation limits their wider commercial application. Herein, a new fluoro‐functionalized electrolyte additive, tetrafluoroethane beta‐sultone (TFBS), is used for promoting the electrochemical performance of LiCoO2‐based cells. Upon cycling between 3.0 and 4.5 V (vs. Li/Li+) with 0.5 C (1 C=274.4 mAh/g), it is shown that the capacity retention of the LiCoO2/graphite pouch‐cell with TFBS‐controlled electrolyte reaches 96.8 % (183.9 mAh g−1), yet it is 66.5 % (126.3 mAh g−1) for the pouch‐cell without TFBS in baseline electrolyte at the 100th cycle. All the results indicate that TFBS can be decomposed prior to the solvents in the electrolyte and can then form low‐resistance, high‐conductivity interface layers on the surfaces of the cathode‐electrolyte and the anode‐electrolyte, respectively, thus improving the cycling stability of the cells at a high charging cutoff voltage (4.5 V).
Theoretical Understanding of the Penetration of O2 in Enzymatic Redox Polymer Films: The Case of Unidirectional Catalysis and Irreversible Inactivation in a Film of Arbitrary Thickness
Authors: Fourmond Vincent , Léger Christophe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRedox catalysts, including hydrogenases, can be embedded into films made of redox polymers, whose side chains mediate electrons between the catalyst and an electrode. These films can be used as bioanodes in H2‐based biofuel cells, because they protect the catalyst from O2‐induced inactivation: self‐protection occurs because a fraction of the incoming H2 is used in the outer region of the film to catalytically produce electrons that reduce the O2 molecules that penetrate the film. Here, we focus on the case of unidirectional catalysis (e. g. H2 oxidation) by an enzyme that is irreversibly inactivated by O2, embedded in a film of arbitrary thickness. We analytically solve the reaction/diffusion system to fully describe the time evolution of the penetration of O2 and we discuss the amount of H2 consumed by the protection mechanism. We establish the relations between film thickness, electron conduction, catalyst use and life time. This provides the theoretical framework required to optimize the design of these systems.
Value of nitroglycerin test in the diagnosis of heart failure in emergency department patients with undifferentiated dyspnea
Authors: Sekma Adel , Bel Haj Ali Khaoula , Jeddi Camilia , Ben Brahim Nadia , Bzeouich Nasri , Gannoun Imen , Trabelssi Imen , Laouiti Kamel , Grissa Mohamed Habib , Beltaief Kaouthar , Zohra Dridi , Asma Zorgati , Lotfi Boukadida , Rym Youssef , Ben Soltane Houda , Zied Mezgar , Mariem Khrouf , Msolli Mohamed Amine , Riadh Boukef , Bouida Wahid , Boubaker Hamdi , Nouira Semir 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundRapid diagnosis of heart failure (HF) in acutely dyspneic patients can be challenging for emergency department (ED) physicians.HypothesisCardiac output (CO) change with sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG) could be helpful in the diagnosis of HF in patients with acute undifferentiated dyspnea.Materials and MethodsA prospective study of patients >18 years admitted to the ED for acute dyspnea. Using thoracic bioimpedance, we measured CO change at baseline and after sublingual administration of 0.6 mg of NTG. HF was defined on the basis of clinical examination, pro‐brain natriuretic peptide levels, and echocardiographic findings. Diagnostic performance of delta CO was calculated by sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsThis study included 184 patients with mean age of 64 years. Baseline CO was comparable between the HF group and the non‐HF group. At its best cutoff (29%), delta CO showed good accuracy in the diagnosis of HF with a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios of 80%, 44%, 57%, and 66% respectively. Area under ROC curve was 0.701 [95% CI 0.636–0.760]. The decrease of CO with sublingual NTG was significantly higher in patients with HFpEF compared with those with HFrEF. Multivariate analysis, showed that delta CO was an independent factor associated with HF diagnosis [OR 0.19 (95% CI 0.11–0.29); p < .001].ConclusionsOur study showed that CO change with sublingual nitroglycerin is a simple tool that may be helpful for the diagnosis of HF in ED patients with undifferentiated dyspnea.
The immediate trends in atrial electrical remodeling for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation across different modes of catheter ablation
Authors: Hou Qian , Feng Liang , Yang Jing , Liu Yue , You Ling , Wang Lianxia , Zhang Yan , Liu Qian , Zhao Yuliang , Xie Ruiqin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation has emerged as a major strategy for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Atrial electrical remodeling (AER) plays a critical role in the recurrence of PAF after ablation.HypothesisTo characterize the immediate trends of AER during ablations in patients with PAF, and assess the relationship between immediate trends and recurrence.MethodsWe performed this prospective observational study of 135 patients to investigate AER following three ablation modes: radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation (CA) and 3D mapping‐guided cryoablation (3D‐CA). The atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and atrial conduction time (ACT) were measured via electrophysiology before and immediately after ablation, and P‐wave indices were measured via electrocardiography before and within 24 h after ablation. Follow‐up visits were conducted for at least 1 year or until relapse.ResultsDifferent approaches of ablation caused a fairly significant increase in the shortest P‐wave duration and AERP in both the proximal coronary sinus (PCS) and distal coronary sinus (DCS) but caused a shortened P‐wave dispersion. No different effect was found at the AERP among the three modes. Compared to patients who received CA, among patients who received RFA, a significant reduction in total ACT and right ACT was seen. Statistically, there was a weakly positive association between changes in total ACT and early recurrence.ConclusionsInjury during ablation for PAF was associated with an increase in the AERP but not in the ACT. Total ACT and right ACT were shorter after RFA than after CA. The increase in total ACT were slightly predictive of early recurrence.
Risk factors for an advanced breast cancer diagnosis within 2 years of a negative mammogram
Authors: McCarthy Anne Marie , Ehsan Sarah , Appel Scott , Welch Michaela , He Wei , Bahl Manisha , Chen Jinbo , Lehman Constance D. , Armstrong Katrina 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundIdentifying women at risk for advanced interval cancers would allow better targeting of mammography and supplemental screening. The authors assessed risk factors for advanced breast cancer within 2 years of a negative mammogram.MethodsThe authors included 293,520 negative mammograms performed from 2006 to 2015 among 74,736 women. Breast cancers were defined as advanced if they were >2 cm, were >1 cm and triple‐negative or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive, had positive lymph nodes, or were metastatic. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to evaluate associations of age, breast density, menopause, mammogram type, prior breast biopsy, body mass index (BMI), and a family history of breast cancer with a cancer diagnosis within 2 years of a negative mammogram. Models were stratified by year since a negative mammogram.ResultsAmong 1345 breast cancers, 357 were advanced (26.5%), and 988 (73.5%) were at an early stage. Breast density, prior biopsy, and family history were associated with an increased risk of both advanced and early‐stage cancers. Overweight and obese women had a 40% higher risk of early‐stage cancer only in year 2 (overweight hazard ratio [HR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19‐1.67; P < .001; obese HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.17‐1.70; P < .001). Obese women had a 90% increased risk of advanced cancer in year 1 (HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.14‐3.18; P = .014), and both overweight and obese women had a 40% or greater increased risk in year 2 (overweight HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.14‐2.07; P = .005; obese HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.00‐2.01; P = .051).ConclusionsA higher BMI was associated with an advanced breast cancer diagnosis within 2 years of a negative mammogram. These results have important implications for risk assessment, screening intervals, and use of supplemental screening.
The value of new drugs for advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Howard David H. , Quek Ruben G. W. , Fox Kathleen M. , Arondekar Bhakti , Filson Christopher P. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe US Food and Drug Administration has recently approved a number of new cancer drugs. The clinical trials that serve as the basis for new cancer drug approvals may not reflect how the drugs will perform in routine practice and do not measure the impact of the drugs on spending. The authors sought to evaluate the real‐world effectiveness and value of drugs recently approved for advanced prostate cancer.MethodsUsing Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare data, the authors identified fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older who began treatment with a drug approved for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer in 2007‐2009, when only 1 drug was approved for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer, and in 2014‐2016, when 5 additional drugs were approved. They calculated life expectancy and lifetime medical costs (ie, Medicare reimbursements) for each group.ResultsBetween 2007‐2009 and 2014‐2016, life expectancy increased by 12.6 months. Lifetime medical costs increased by $87,000. The incremental cost per life‐year gained was $83,000.ConclusionThe release of 5 new drugs coincided with increases in survival rates and spending. This study's estimates indicate that the new drugs collectively were cost‐effective.
Keratin 17 testing in pancreatic cancer needle aspiration biopsies predicts survival
Authors: Roa‐Peña Lucia , Babu Sruthi , Leiton Cindy V. , Wu Maoxin , Taboada Sofia , Akalin Ali , Buscaglia Jonathan , Escobar‐Hoyos Luisa F. , Shroyer Kenneth R. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundAlthough pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the lowest 5‐year survival rates of all cancers, differences in survival exist between patients with clinically identical characteristics. The authors previously demonstrated that keratin 17 (K17) expression in PDAC, measured by RNA sequencing or immunohistochemistry (IHC), is an independent negative prognostic biomarker. Only 20% of cases are candidates for surgical resection, but most patients are diagnosed by needle aspiration biopsy (NAB). The aims of this study were to determine whether there was a correlation in K17 scores detected in matched NABs and surgical resection tissue sections and whether K17 IHC in NAB cell block specimens could be used as a negative prognostic biomarker in PDAC.MethodsK17 IHC was performed for a cohort of 70 patients who had matched NAB cell block and surgical resection samples to analyze the correlation of K17 expression levels. K17 IHC was also performed in cell blocks from discovery and validation cohorts. Kaplan‐Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models were analyzed to determine survival differences in cases with different levels of K17 IHC expression.ResultsK17 IHC expression correlated in matched NABs and resection tissues. NAB samples were classified as high for K17 when ≥80% of tumor cells showed strong (2+) staining. High‐K17 cases, including stage‐matched cases, had shorter survival.ConclusionsK17 has been identified as a robust and independent prognostic biomarker that stratifies clinical outcomes for cases that are diagnosed by NAB. Testing for K17 also has the potential to inform clinical decisions for optimization of chemotherapeutic interventions.
Phenylpyridine Dicarboxylate as Highly Efficient Organic Anode for Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jia Kangkang , Zhu Linna , Wu Fei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe sodium‐ion battery (SIB) has the potential to be the next‐generation rechargeable system, utilizing cheap and abundant sodium material. One of the key obstacles to sodium batteries is the lack of efficient and stable anode materials. Compared with traditional inorganic electrode materials, organic materials are more attractive because of their easier sodium transport accessibility and the diversities of organic frameworks and functional groups. In this work, two molecules (Na‐CPN and Na‐CPP) were synthesized and used as anode materials for SIBs. Structurally, the two compounds are isomers, and they are distinguished by the position of N atoms in phenylpyridine. Na‐CPP showed a high reversible capacity of 197 mAh g−1, and its capacity could maintain 99.1 % of its initial value even after 350 cycles of 100 mA g−1. Moreover, after going through 1200 cycles at a current density of 5 C, the Na‐CPP electrode still retained a capacity rate of 89.9 %. In contrast, Na‐CPN exhibited inferior capacity and rate performance because of its larger polarization, particle size, and charge transport resistance.