bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PATHOGENETIC FEATURES OF INTESTINAL DYSFUNCTION AMID EXPERIMENTAL OBESITY
Authors: Жукембаева А.М. , Салехова Д. , Хамза А.Д. , Орынбасарова А.Ж. , Намаз Д. У. , Галымбек Ж.М. 
Published: August 2021

В эксперименте на 20 кроликах-самках было изучено влияние развития экспериментального ожирения на функциональное состояние пищеварительного тракта и гиперколонизацию его просвета кишечной микрофлорой. Критериями для анализа являлись результаты микробиологических исследований посевов каловых масс на среды эндо- и/или эндо-висмут, которые являются специфичными для культивирования кишечной микрофлоры и показатели фоноэнтерографического исследования. Исследования проводились до начала эксперимента и через 14 и 30 суток после начала моделирования экспериментального ожирения. Полученные результаты свидетельствовали о негативном влиянии алиментарного ожирения на функциональное состояние пищеварительного тракта.
In the experiment on 20 female rabbits, the effects of development of experimental obesity on the functional status of the digestive tract and hypercolonization of its lumen by the intestinal microflora was studied. The criteria for the analysis were the results of microbiological studies of stool culture on endo- and / or endo-bismuth media, which are specific for the cultivation of intestinal microflora and indicators of phonoenterographic studies. The studies had been conducted before the start of the experiment and 14 and 30 days after the start of the experimental obesity modelling. Results showed negative effect of аlimentary obesity on the functional state of the digestive tract.
GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Дуйсекова М.А. , Алимова Д. , Айткулова А.С. , Райымжанкызы А. , Ногайбай Д.Б. , Аймаханова Г.Т. 
Published: August 2021

Сахарный диабет характеризуется нарушением секреции инсулина и той или иной степенью инсулинорезистентности, обусловливающими гипергликемию. Диабет в 2 раза повышает риски появления широкого спектра сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, в 6 раз повышает риски ИБС. ХБП развивается примерно у 35% пациентов с сахарным диабетом II типа и ассоциирован с повышенной смертностью. В Казахстане исследования на эту тему проведены не были. Уровень гликозилированного гемоглобина отражает состояние компенсации углеводного обмена, показывает эффективность сахароснижающей терапии и определяет стратегию лечения пациента.
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by impaired insulin secretion and varying degrees of insulin resistance, causing hyperglycemia. Diabetes increases the risk of a wide range of cardiovascular diseases by 2 times, and increases the risk of CHD by 6 times. CKD develops in approximately 35% of patients with type II diabetes and is associated with increased mortality. No studies on this topic have been conducted in Kazakhstan. The level of glycosylated hemoglobin reflects the state of carbohydrate metabolism compensation, shows the effectiveness of hypoglycemic therapy and determines the patient's treatment strategy.
EFFECTS OF PERSONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PATIENTS WITH PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA ON QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Саятова Г.У. , Распопова Н.И. 
Published: August 2021

В статье представлены результаты клинического анализа 115 пациентов, находившихся на стационарном лечении в РГКП на ПХВ «Республиканский научно-практический центр психического здоровья» и ГКП на ПХВ «Центр психического здоровья» УЗ г. Алматы с диагнозом: «Параноидная шизофрения F20.0». В процессе исследования были выявлены личностно-психологические факторы, оказывающие влияние на качество жизни больных параноидной шизофренией, определены «мишени» психотерапевтического воздействия для повышения реабилитационного потенциала этих больных. Исследована структура внутренней картины болезни у пациентов с параноидной шизофренией. Обоснованы рекомендации по формированию у пациентов с параноидной шизофренией «гармоничного» типа внутренней картины болезни для повышения качества реабилитационных мероприятий.
The article presents the results of a clinical analysis of 115 patients who were inpatient treatment at the Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Mental Health and the Mental Health Center of the Almaty Healthcare Institution with a diagnosis of Paranoid schizophrenia F20.0. In the course of the study, personal and psychological factors were identified that affect the quality of life of patients with paranoid schizophrenia, and the "targets" of psychotherapeutic influence were identified to increase the rehabilitation potential of these patients. The structure of the internal picture of the disease in patients with paranoid schizophrenia was investigated. Recommendations for the formation of a "harmonious" type of internal picture of the disease in patients with paranoid schizophrenia in order to improve the quality of rehabilitation measures have been substantiated.
PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATE OF KAZNMU STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Попова Д.А. , Давлетгильдеев Э.Р. , Ерланова Е.Е. , Абикулова А. К. 
Published: August 2021

В данной статье оценивается психоэмоциональное состояние студентов бакалавриата КазНМУ в условиях пандемии COVID-19, основанное на анкетировании. В исследовании приняли участие 490 человек: 370 человек (75,5%) со школы общей медицины, со школы общественного здравоохранения - 77 (15,7%), со школы педиатрии - 43 человека (8,8%). Была выявлена зависимость уровней депрессии и тревоги от таких показателей, как беспокойство за свое здоровье и здоровье своих близких, беспокойство за свою успеваемость и чувство возросшей учебной нагрузки, трудности с концентрацией при учебе, ощущение социальной изоляции и наличие финансовых трудностей. В то же время демографические показатели не влияли на выраженность депрессии и тревоги у студентов. При анализе методов борьбы с психоэмоциональным стрессом никто из ответивших не сказал об обращении за профессиональной психологической помощью в условиях пандемии, в связи с чем основной рекомендацией данной работы было посещение психолога.
This article assesses the psycho-emotional state of undergraduate students of KazNMU in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a questionnaire. The study involved 490 people: 370 people (75.5%) from the school of general medicine, from the school of public health - 77 (15.7%), from the school of pediatrics - 43 (8.8%). Depression and anxiety levels were found to be dependent on such indicators as concern for their health and the health of their loved ones, anxiety for their academic performance and a feeling of increased workload, difficulty concentrating while studying, feeling socially isolated and having financial difficulties. At the same time, demographic indicators did not affect the severity of depression and anxiety in students. When analyzing methods of dealing with psycho-emotional stress, none of the respondents said about seeking professional psychological help in a pandemic, and therefore the main recommendation of this work was to visit a psychologist.
RISK OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION DEVELOPMENT IN STUDENTS WITH CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS
Authors: Тузел Ж.Е. , Адалкызы Ш. , Азаматов А.Т. , Ашимова Б.Б. , Бердибек А.Д. , Дарынов И.А. 
Published: August 2021

Исследование и сравнительный анализ результатов суточного мониторирования артериального давления (АД) и пульса (Ps) было проведено у 63 студенток первого курса медицинского колледжа в зависимости от наличия у них подтвержденного диагноза хронический пиелонефрит в стадии ремиссии. Обследование участниц исследования проводилось в соответствии с Протоколами диагностики и лечения хронического пиелонефрита» РК. При этом показатель АД и Ps, определенный в автоматическом режиме тонометром фирмы «OMRON», у всех участниц исследований соответствовал 5-90 перцентилям с учетом их возраста и гендерной принадлежности. Критериями для анализа, при проведении нашего исследования являлись: САД - систолическое артериальное давление; ДАД - диастолическое артериальное давление; ЧСС (соответствующая Ps); СрАД - средние показатели артериального давления в измеряемом интервале (за 24 часа, за дневной и ночной интервал отдельно), показатели «нагрузки давлением» (индекс времени гипертензии - ИВ, индекс площади гипертензии - ИП) за сутки, день и ночь; вариабельность АД; суточный индекс - СИ (степень ночного снижения АД).
The study and comparative analysis of the results of 24-hour monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and pulse (Ps) were carried out in 63 first-year medical college students, depending on whether they had a confirmed diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis in remission. The examination of the study participants was carried out according to the Protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pyelonephritis of RK. At the same time, the blood pressure and Ps index, determined in automatic mode by the “OMRON” tonometer, corresponded to 5-90 percentiles in all the research participants, taking into account their age and gender. The criteria for the analysis in our study were: SBP - systolic blood pressure; DBP - diastolic blood pressure; Heart rate (corresponding to Ps); ABP - average blood pressure in the measured interval (for 24 hours, day and night intervals separately), indicators of "pressure load" (hypertension time index- TI , hypertension area index - AI) per day, day and night; variability of blood pressure; daily index - DI (the degree of night blood pressure decrease).
DEVELOPMENT OF PHONIATRIC CARE ABROAD (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Абишева Е.Б. , Даниярова А.Б. , Имашева Б.С. , Аженов Т.М. , Раушанова А.М. 
Published: August 2021

Становление фониатрии как специальности в разных странах мира происходило по собственному пути, но ее развитие неразрывно было связано с сурдологией и общей оториноларингологией. Появление новых технологий и внедрение их в практику позволяло совершенствовать диагностику заболеваний гортани, улучшать лечение и реабилитацию пациентов с патологией голосового аппарата.
Thus, the formation of phoniatry as a specialty in different countries of the world took its own path, but its development was inextricably linked with audiology and General otorhinolaryngology. The emergence of new technologies and their implementation in practice made it possible to improve the diagnosis of diseases of the larynx, improve the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with pathology of the vocal apparatus.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Мустафина М.О. , Телжанов А. , Лигай З.Н. 
Published: August 2021

Мы провели поиск в PubMed статей, опубликованных с 1980 по 2020, используя термины «острый инфаркт миокарда», «молодой», «разрыв бляшки», эрозия бляшки, спонтанное расслоение коронарной артерии (SCAD), коронарный вазоспазм», «вариантная стенокардия или стенокардия Принцметала», «лекарственный инфаркт миокарда», «миокардит», «коронарная эмболия», «микрососудистая дисфункция», «MINOCA», а также обзор всех опубликованных исследований. Используя данные этого поиска, мы стремимся проинформировать читателей о распространенности, факторах риска, проявлениях и лечении острого инфаркта миокарда у молодых пациентов, а также подробно рассказать о специальных подгруппах с диагностическими и терапевтическими проблемами.
We searched PubMed for articles published from 1980 to 2020 using the terms acute myocardial infarction, young, plaque rupture, plaque erosion, spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), coronary vasospasm, variant angina or angina pectoris. Prinzmetal, drug myocardial infarction, myocarditis, coronary embolism, microvascular dysfunction, MINOCA, and a review of all published studies. Using the data from this search, we aim to inform readers about the prevalence, risk factors, manifestations and treatment of acute myocardial infarction in young patients, as well as detail the special subgroups with diagnostic and therapeutic problems.
Survey on Quality of School Sites and Locations of Lagos State Public Schools
Authors: Alabi Olaide 
Published: August 2021

In this study, a survey on quality of school sites and locations of Lagos State public schools was carried out with specific focus on the level of availability of the facilities with reference to UNESCO prescriptions for school facilities supplemented with Commonwealth Department of Education. Two research questions were raised for the study. Forty-six (46) Schools were randomly sampled from 2 purposively selected educational districts of Lagos State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design because it was concerned with what was on ground and how they conformed to the standards expected of the facilities. The instrument used to collect data and establish the standard and quality of available of school sites/ locations in the sampled schools was Checklist of the Existing School Location and Site (CESLS), whose reliability was found to be 0.83. The data collected were analysed using simple percentages. The findings showed that 97.8% of Public Junior Secondary Schools in Lagos State were located at accessible areas. Between 73.9% and 89.1% of the school plants were averagely good in quality. However, about 37% - 41% of the schools sampled had poor topography, epileptic power supply and irregular water supply. Few of the schools were located far from noisy areas and external distraction. This falls short of UNESCO’s standard of 183 metres distance away from sources of noise. Between 32% and 52% of the schools were located close to sources of noise such as hotels, market areas and highways.
Adopting the Use of Low-Cost Assessment Strategies in Resource-Constrained Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Buluma Alfred , Najjuma Rovincer , Ezati Betty 
Published: August 2021

Assessment is an integral aspect of teaching and learning in an academic institution. It provides the primary information based on to make several decisions by the different stakeholders. The vital nature of this information makes assessment an expensive venture. Educational institutions incur a lot of costs in administration of these assessments and yet they are financially struggling to meet their budgets. However, low-cost strategies are available to bring about authentic assessment of learners. Consequently, this article presents findings about adoption of low-cost assessment strategies in financially constrained higher education institutions. Specifically, the study was conducted in teacher education pedagogy at one of the public universities in Uganda to establish the adopted low-cost assessment strategies. A qualitative research approach based on a descriptive study design was used to investigate this study. Data was collected using observation, interview and documentary review methods. Study findings established use of presentations, hands-on exercises, peer assessment, tests, drama and take-home assignments as the low-cost assessment strategies adopted by individual lecturers in higher education institutions in Uganda. It was concluded that the adopted low-cost assessment strategies in resource-constrained institutions have the potential to nurture 21st century citizens. And therefore, a recommendation for university-wide adoption of low-cost assessment strategies was suggested to management of higher education institutions in resource-constrained countries.
ANÁLISE DA PRESENÇA DE MICROPLÁSTICO EM BIVALVES (PERNA PERBA): UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM MATINHOS, LITORAL DO PARANÁ
Authors: Machado Juliana Araújo , Oliveira Suzane de , Nazário Mariana Gallucci , Fernandes Heloísa , Krelling Allan Paul 
Published: August 2021

Microplásticos são partículas plásticas com tamanho inferior a 5mm, conhecidos como os detritos plásticos mais abundantes no oceano. Atualmente, microesferas, fragmentos ou microfibras de plástico podem ser encontrados nos mares de todo planeta Terra, oriundos de diferentes fontes e polímeros. A ingestão destas partículas pela fauna marinha tem sido amplamente documentada, resultando na contaminação da cadeia alimentar. Além disso, devido aos riscos associados ao seu consumo pelos seres humanos, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e quantificar a presença de microplásticos em bivalves selvagens (Perna perna) presentes e comercializados em Matinhos, litoral do Paraná. Para isso, foi realizada a adaptação da metodologia de Phuong et al. (2018) para identificação da presença e ausência do microplástico, fazendo uso dos reagentes químicos KOH (Hidróxido de Potássio) e KI (Iodeto de Potássio). O processo consiste na amostragem das espécies e submissão destes aos processos de digestão com KOH (10%). As amostras individuais passaram por processos sequenciais de sedimentação (KOH 10% e KI 50%) e, após cada etapa, filtração das frações sobrenadantes em filtro de fibra de vidro GF/F3 (1,2 μm). Os filtros foram analisados com auxílio de estereoscópio e as partículas de microplásticos recuperadas foram contadas, fotografadas e separadas para posterior análise qualitativa. A análise do material filtrado indicou a existência de fragmentos plásticos no formato de fios/fibras, fragmentos, filamentos e esferas, comprovando a existência do material. Os resultados desta pesquisa poderão servir de subsídios para a tomada de decisão e definição de áreas prioritárias para estudos posteriores.
Inleiding
Authors: uit Beijerse Jolande , Boone Miranda , Scheepmaker Marit 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Franke’s Twee eeuwen gevangen thirty years after
In 1990 Herman Franke’s masterly dissertation Twee eeuwen gevangen. Misdaad en straf in Nederland was published. An abbreviated version appeared in English in 1995: The emancipation of prisoners: A socio-historical analysis of the Dutch prison experience, awarded best foreign study by the American Society of Criminology. Franke analyzes the developments in the Dutch prison system from the end of the eighteenth century to the end of the twentieth century. Despite the size of almost a thousand pages, the book reads like a novel. Even before Herman Franke’s untimely death in 2010 there were plans for a re-publication of the book in a hardcover. That re-edition was finally made available by Boom criminologie in 2020. In this special issue of Justitiële verkenningen, eight prison experts from science and practice reflect on the contemporary prison system from the perspective of the book. It offers tools to rise above the delusions of the day in public and scientific discussions about punishment and to relate new developments to the theoretical concepts introduced by Franke.
Over emancipatie en de rechtspositie van gedetineerden
Authors: Serrarens Judith 
Published: August 2021

On emancipation and prisoners’ rights. How living conditions worsened during the corona pandemic
In the second half of the last century, the position of detainees in the Netherlands improved considerably. As far as is possible in the case of persons deprived of their freedom, there has been a certain emancipation of detainees. A well-functioning right of complaint and appeal has been created, for example, that offers detainees the possibility to have decisions of the government, in particular those of the director of the institution and the selection official, that are unfavourable to them, reviewed by an independent judicial authority. Their living conditions have also improved during this period. However, in recent years there has also been a tendency for the government to make ever greater demands on the behaviour of detainees, in return for fewer opportunities for activities and freedoms aimed at resocialisation. Since last year, the corona pandemic and the way in which it is dealt with in prisons have put further pressure on the already vulnerable position of detainees. Since March 2020, prisoners have had their opportunities for phasing in and resocialising further reduced by the virtual prohibition of leave. Furthermore, the visiting possibilities and the activity programmes within the penitentiary institutions have been minimal for over a year.
Broze fundamenten en alarmerende signalen
Authors: uit Beijerse Jolande 
Published: August 2021

Brittle foundations and alarming signals. Lessons from the ‘cellular drama’ for closed youth care
In this contribution, a comparison is drawn between the origins of the cellular system in the 19th century and the system of closed youth care in the 21st century. The comparison then focuses on the alarming signals from closed youth care practice and how these are dealt with. The author argues that shortages in the provision of regular youth care have led to situations in which young people are unnecessarily placed in closed youth care institutions. By focusing on eliminating this deficit closed youth care can be gradually phased out and reduced to a minimum.
Operation of T-Foils and Stern Tabs to Improve Passenger Comfort on High-Speed Ferries
Authors: Davis Michael R. 
Published: August 2021

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High-speed ferries of around 100mlength cruising at around 40 knots can cause significant passenger discomfort in head waves. This is due to the frequencies of encountering waves, of maximum hull response to encountered waves and of maximum passenger discomfort all falling within a similar range. In this paper, the benefit obtained by fitting active T-foils and stern tabs to control heave and pitch in head waves is considered. Ship motion responses are computed by numerical integration in the time domain including unsteady control actions using a time domain, high-speed strip theory. This obviates the need to identify transfer functions, the computed time responses including nonlinear hull immersion terms. The largest passenger vertical accelerations occur at forward locations and are best controlled by a forward located T-foil acting in combination with active stern tabs. Various feedback control algorithms have been considered and it is found that pitch damping control gives the greatest improvement in passenger comfort at forward positions. Operation in adaptive and nonlinear modes so that the control deflections are maximized under all conditions give the greatest benefit and can reduce passenger motion sickness incidence (MSI) by up to 25% in a 3-mhead sea on the basis of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) recommendations for calculation of MSI for a 90-minute seaway passage.

Introduction
When the first high-speed, lightweight catamaran car ferries were developed, it quickly became apparent that motion control systems were desirable to improve passenger comfort. This was a direct consequence of the high operating Froude numbers (based on waterline length) of up to 0.75, which gave rise to heave and pitch motions in excess of the wave height and wave slope. It was also a consequence of the period of encountered waves at high speed that becomes close to the period at which passengers would experience significant motion discomfort, approximately 5-6 seconds. As a consequence, active motion controls were introduced and have been fitted to most vessels operating on routes where significant wave heights might reach or exceed approximately 3m.