bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fall prevention education for people with multiple sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Chanes Daniella Cristina , Piza Felipe Maia de Toledo , San Martin Gustavo , Leão Eliseth Ribeiro , Dos Santos Oscar Fernando Pavão 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Online spaced education (OSE) is a method recognized for promoting long-term knowledge retention, changing behaviors and improving outcomes for students and healthcare professionals. However, there is little evidence about its impacts on patient education.

Objectives
The aim of this research was to compare knowledge retention using educational brochure and OSE on individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to verify the impact of educational methods on fall outcome.

Methods
Individuals with MS (n = 230) were randomly assigned to two types of patient education—educational brochure (control) and OSE (intervention). During 12 weeks, the intervention group received multiple-choice tests on fall prevention. Knowledge retention, behavior change and fall incidence were assessed before intervention and after 3 and 6 months. The participants’ satisfaction with the education method was also evaluated.

Results
Knowledge retention was similar between groups, and behavior change was observed in both groups. There was a significant reduction in fall rate in the intervention group, from 0.60 to 0.27 at 6 months (P &lt; 0.001). Participants’ satisfaction achieved an average of 8.75, with no differences between groups.

Conclusion
Individuals demonstrated significant improvement in fall rate outcome in both groups with no significant difference. In regard to test scores and satisfaction, results were similar between groups.
Abortion & ‘artificial wombs’: would ‘artificial womb’ technology legally empower non-gestating genetic progenitors to participate in decisions about how to terminate pregnancy in England and Wales?
Authors: Romanis Elizabeth Chloe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
‘Artificial womb’ technology is highly anticipated for the benefits it might have as an alternative to neonatal intensive care and for pregnant people. In the bioethical literature, it has been suggested that such technology will force us to rethink the ethics of abortion. Some scholars have suggested that a pregnant person may be entitled to end a pregnancy but, with the advent of ectogestation, they may not be unilaterally entitled to opt for an abortion where the other genetic progenitor does not agree. Following two high-profile cases in England and Wales in the late 70s and 80s, English law is clear that genetic progenitors who do not gestate have no say in abortion decisions. It might be argued, however, that ectogestation casts doubt on the exclusion of all claims by genetic progenitors. In this article, I assess what a legal challenge to a decision to opt for abortion might look like with the advent of this technology, by examining whether genetic progenitors have the locus standi or grounds to seek an injunction to prevent abortion. I argue that such a challenge is unlikely to be successful.
Entry, egress and vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Hong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The high infectivity and pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused the COVID-19 outbreak, one of the most devastating pandemics in more than a century. This pandemic has already left a trail of destruction, including enormous loss of life, a global economic slump, and widespread psychological damage. Despite assiduous world-wide endeavors, an effective cure for COVID-19 is still lacking. Surprisingly, infected neonates and children have relatively mild clinical manifestations and a much lower fatality rate than elderly adults. Recent studies have unambiguously demonstrated the vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from infected pregnant women to fetuses, which creates yet another challenge for disease prevention. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanism for entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells, the basis for the failure of the lungs and other organs in severe acute cases, and the evidence for congenital transmission.
Shanghai memory as a digital humanities platform to rebuild the history of the city
Authors: Cuijuan Xia , Lihua Wang , Wei Liu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the development of digital technology, Memory Projects, such as the American Memory and the Venice Time Machine, have been explored continually as typical digital humanity projects. In these projects, humanists are able to look into the thousand-year-history with a macro view by a ‘data telescope’, as well as numerous micro views by ‘data microscopes’. This article investigates representative historical memory and city memory projects from over the past 20 years and analyses the purpose, investigation, cooperation, methods, implementation, and technical routes adopted. The following problems are apparent: resource decentralization and fragmentation, duplication of database construction, single-user service mode and low utilization rate of cultural heritage resources, etc. This study provides an overall technical route to solve these problems by examining ongoing practice. The Shanghai Memory Project, undertaken by Shanghai Library, uses knowledge reorganization and data reconciling technologies such as Big Data, Semantic Web, and Knowledge Graph to construct an overarching Humanities Research Environment, which is co-constructing, sharing, and interconnecting to avoid problems of resource decentralization and database duplication. The Project provides a user service model, which combines the library creating knowledge with user-generated content. Implementing data visualization technologies, such as AR, VR, etc., the project improves the collection display and promotes the utilization of the resources. The Urban Memory Project is a comprehensive program that relies on cooperation and interdisciplinary collaboration, co-construction, and the sharing of data. Meanwhile, an increasing number of Urban Memory Projects play a significant role in helping to develop the Digital Humanities’ infrastructure.
The small DUF1127 protein CcaF1 from Rhodobacter sphaeroides is an RNA-binding protein involved in sRNA maturation and RNA turnover
Authors: Grützner Julian , Billenkamp Fabian , Spanka Daniel-Timon , Rick Tim , Monzon Vivian , Förstner Konrad U , Klug Gabriele 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many different protein domains are conserved among numerous species, but their function remains obscure. Proteins with DUF1127 domains number &gt;17 000 in current databases, but a biological function has not yet been assigned to any of them. They are mostly found in alpha- and gammaproteobacteria, some of them plant and animal pathogens, symbionts or species used in industrial applications. Bioinformatic analyses revealed similarity of the DUF1127 domain of bacterial proteins to the RNA binding domain of eukaryotic Smaug proteins that are involved in RNA turnover and have a role in development from Drosophila to mammals. This study demonstrates that the 71 amino acid DUF1127 protein CcaF1 from the alphaproteobacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides participates in maturation of the CcsR sRNAs that are processed from the 3′ UTR of the ccaF mRNA and have a role in the oxidative stress defense. CcaF1 binds to many cellular RNAs of different type, several mRNAs with a function in cysteine / methionine / sulfur metabolism. It affects the stability of the CcsR RNAs and other non-coding RNAs and mRNAs. Thus, the widely distributed DUF1127 domain can mediate RNA-binding, affect stability of its binding partners and consequently modulate the bacterial transcriptome, thereby influencing different physiological processes.
RNA helicase-mediated regulation of snoRNP dynamics on pre-ribosomes and rRNA 2′-O-methylation
Authors: Aquino Gerald Ryan R , Krogh Nicolai , Hackert Philipp , Martin Roman , Gallesio Jimena Davila , van Nues Robert W , Schneider Claudia , Watkins Nicholas J , Nielsen Henrik , Bohnsack Katherine E , Bohnsack Markus T 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRNA helicases play important roles in diverse aspects of RNA metabolism through their functions in remodelling ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs), such as pre-ribosomes. Here, we show that the DEAD box helicase Dbp3 is required for efficient processing of the U18 and U24 intron-encoded snoRNAs and 2′-O-methylation of various sites within the 25S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence. Furthermore, numerous box C/D snoRNPs accumulate on pre-ribosomes in the absence of Dbp3. Many snoRNAs guiding Dbp3-dependent rRNA modifications have overlapping pre-rRNA basepairing sites and therefore form mutually exclusive interactions with pre-ribosomes. Analysis of the distribution of these snoRNAs between pre-ribosome-associated and ‘free’ pools demonstrated that many are almost exclusively associated with pre-ribosomal complexes. Our data suggest that retention of such snoRNPs on pre-ribosomes when Dbp3 is lacking may impede rRNA 2′-O-methylation by reducing the recycling efficiency of snoRNPs and by inhibiting snoRNP access to proximal target sites. The observation of substoichiometric rRNA modification at adjacent sites suggests that the snoRNPs guiding such modifications likely interact stochastically rather than hierarchically with their pre-rRNA target sites. Together, our data provide new insights into the dynamics of snoRNPs on pre-ribosomal complexes and the remodelling events occurring during the early stages of ribosome assembly.
Protecting, Empowering, or Penalizing Motherhood? The Contradictory Treatment of Women in Chilean Social Policies
Authors: Gideon Jasmine , Ramm Alejandra , Minte Gabriela Alvarez , de la Cruz Pincetti Catalina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article contributes to the discussion of gendered social policy in Latin America. Despite considerable attention to the Chilean case, few studies have provided a comparative analysis of how the articulation of gender through motherhood differs across social sectors. We contrast the case of the health sector with the examples of housing and labor market policies to demonstrate that the framing of motherhood in Chilean social policies is not uniformly articulated. We note the diverse and contradictory nature of gendered narratives and practices across the sectors and argue that it still predominantly shapes women’s access to social policy.
Doxycycline-induced idiopathic intracranial hypertension in a patient with Lyme disease
Authors: Campetti Dana , Kelly Andrew , Diaz Karen 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Doxycycline is widely used to treat early and disseminated Lyme disease. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), also known as pseudotumor cerebri, is a rare but serious adverse reaction to this medication. This article reviews the pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of a patient with disseminated Lyme disease complicated by doxycycline-induced IIH.
Leadership, Teamwork, and Collaboration: The Lived Experience of Conducting Multisite Research Focused on Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Competencies in Academia
Authors: Schuler Monika S. , Letourneau Rayna , Altmiller Gerry , Deal Belinda , Vottero Beth A. , Boyd Teri , Ebersole Nancy W. , Flexner Randi , Jordan Janet , Jowell Vicki , McQuiston Linda , Norris Tommie , Risetter Mary Jo , Szymanski Kathleen , Walker Danielle 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to explore facilitators and barriers to conducting a multisite national study in nursing academia unsupported by grant funding.

BACKGROUND
Scholarship focused on the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies stimulates opportunities for research and collaboration among nurse educators and clinicians. Twelve members of the QSEN Academic Task Force collaborated on a multisite study of the effectiveness of a QSEN teaching strategy and published the findings.

METHOD
A descriptive phenomenological reflective approach using Kim’s critical reflective inquiry model was used to explore the lived experiences of the original study investigators. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological reduction.

RESULTS
Findings revealed seven facilitators and one overarching barrier to conducting academic research projects of this scope.

CONCLUSION
Participants found that strong leadership, a commitment to teamwork and collaboration, and a shared interest were critical to conducting a successful national study across academic settings.
SARS-CoV-2 safety
Authors: Baker Terrance L. , Greiner Jack V. , Vesonder Modesta 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
Protecting nurses in healthcare facilities from SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential for maintaining an adequate nursing force. Foundational guidelines, consistently utilized, protect the nursing staff from infection. This article describes guidelines designed to reduce acute infection and associated morbidity and mortality among nursing staff and improve compliance with infection prevention protocols.
Fetoscopic Laser Ablation Therapy for Type II Vasa Previa
Authors: Chmait Ramen H. , Catanzarite Valerian , Chon Andrew H. , Korst Lisa M. , Llanes Arlyn , Ouzounian Joseph G. 
Published: February 2021

(Abstracted from Fetal Diagn Ther 2020;47:682–688)
Fetoscopic laser ablation therapy is a treatment option currently under investigation for vasa previa. Compared with conservative treatment, laser ablation has the potential to eliminate the risk of fetal exsanguination due to premature rupture of membranes, allow for outpatient management of pregnancy, reduce the risk of iatrogenic preterm delivery, and increase the likelihood of a vaginal birth.
Casual Genetic Variants in Stillbirth
Authors: Stanley Kate E. , Giordano Jessica , Thorsten Vanessa , Buchovecky Christie , Thomas Amanda , Ganapathi Mythily , Liao Jun , Dharmadhikari Avinash V. , Revah-Politi Anya , Ernst Michelle , Lippa Natalie , Holmes Halie , Povysil Gundula , Hostyk Joseph , Parker Corette B. , Goldenberg Robert , Saade George R. , Dudley Donald J. , Pinar Halit , Hogue Carol , Reddy Uma M. , Silver Robert M. , Aggarwal Vimla , Allen Andrew S. , Wapner Ronald J. , Goldstein David B. 
Published: February 2021

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2020;383:1107–1116)
Stillbirth is defined as fetal death in utero at ≥20 weeks' gestation. It makes up 60% of all perinatal deaths, but the cause remains unknown in 25% to 60% of cases.
Noninvasive Prenatal Testing as Compared to Chorionic Villus Sampling Is More Sensitive for the Detection of Confined Placental Mosaicism Involving the Cytotrophoblast
Authors: Van Opstal Diane , Eggenhuizen Geerke M. , Joosten Marieke , Diderich Karin , Govaerts Lutgarde , Galjaard Robert-Jan , Go Attie , Knapen Maarten , Boter Marjan , Cheung Wai Y. , van Koetsveld Nicole , van Veen Stefanie , de Valk Walter G. , Jehee Fernanda , de Vries Femke , Hollink Iris , Hoefsloot Lies , Srebniak Malgorzata 
Published: February 2021

(Abstracted from Prenat Diagn 2020;40:1338–1342)
Confined placental mosaicism (CPM) describes a chromosomally abnormal placenta with a chromosomally normal fetus. Confined prenatal mosaicism may be detected prenatally by either chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) using cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which evaluates the DNA released from cytotrophoblast (CTB) into maternal blood.
Randomized Clinical Trial or Real-World Evidence: How Historical Events, Public Demand, and the Resulting Laws and Regulations Shaped the Body of Medical Evidence
Authors: Mackowiak John I. , Mack Christina D. , Irwin Debra E. , Zura Robert 
Published: February 2021

Summary:
The signing of the 21st Centuries Cures Act in 2016 was a confirmational step in a long journey toward an understood use and need for real-world evidence (RWE), even though the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had the legislative authority to accept RWE since 1962 to demonstrate efficacy. The 21st Century Cures Act, as well as the subsequent FDA guidance published in 2017 and other supporting guidance, documents that since are opening the doors for the clinical and research community. They specifically allow for labeling changes and indication expansion based on RWE. The legislative discussion of efficacy requirements started in the late 1950s, when evidence of effectiveness was not required in the United States before the marketing of a drug or medical device, and calls for the real-world comparative effectiveness research were being made by Senator Estes Kefauver. When the thalidomide tragedy stuck, Congress and the Kennedy Administration rushed to pass a new law to require that drugs be “effective in use.” The regulations subsequently drafted by the FDA to enforce the law often required placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In the 1980s, some started to label the RCT as the gold standard for medical evidence. The use of real-world data for new indication approval was not specifically prohibited by the 1962 law, but the new 2016 law sent a clear mandate to FDA, requiring the agency to review new forms of evidence such as RWE.
Predictors of Above Average 6-Year Citation Rates in Leading Spine-Specific Medical Journals
Authors: Krivicich Laura M. , VanHorn Trent , Gowd Anirudh , Beck Edward C. , Paul Katlynn , O’Gara Tadhg J. 
Published: February 2021

Study Design.
Cross-sectional.

Objective.
To identify predictors of manuscripts achieving 6-year citation rates higher than the mean in spine-specific literature.

Summary of Background Data.
An article's citation rate demonstrates its contribution to academia and its quality. Predictors of citation rates have not yet been studied in spine-specific medical literature.

Methods.
Three leading spine-specific journals were identified by a weighted scoring system comparing various journal metrics. Research articles published in 2014 were evaluated from the following journals: Spine, European Spine Journal, and Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine. Article features analyzed included journal of origin, number of words in article title, author count, degree of first author, conflicts of interest, quantity of contributing academic institutions, country of origin, study topic, study design, level of evidence, sample size, reference count, and citation rate. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of above average citation rate at 6 years following publication.

Results.
The final analysis included 1091 articles. Spine had a significantly higher citation rate than European Spine Journal (P = 0.0008); however, no significant differences were observed between Spine and Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine. Regression analysis demonstrated that studies originating in North America (OR:1.44, 95% CI:1.01–2.01, P = 0.04), those with 6 ≥ authors (OR:1.72, 95% CI:1.29–2.30, P < 0.001), sample size >100 (P < 0.001), prospective case series (OR: 2.67, 95% CI: 1.24–5.76), and retrospective case series (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.07–3.73) were independent predictors of achieving above average 6-year citation rates.

Conclusion.

Spine, European Spine Journal, and Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine had the highest 6-year citation rates of the top 10 orthopedic spine journals, with Spine being significantly higher than European Spine Journal. Studies originating in North America, those with six or more authors, sample sizes > 100, and those that are retrospective or prospective case series are independent predictors of greater citation rates at 6 years in orthopedic spine-specific medical literature.

Level of Evidence: 4
Subjective and Objective Change in Cervical Spine Mobility After Single-level Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion
Authors: Scholz Christoph , Masalha Waseem , Naseri Yashar , Hohenhaus Marc , Klingler Jan-Helge , Hubbe Ulrich 
Published: February 2021

Study Design.
Prospective, observational study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to collect objective and especially subjective data on changes in cervical spine mobility after single-level anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) and to investigate the impact on quality of life and activities of daily living (ADLs).

Summary of Background Data.
Although there are several studies dealing with the objective change in mobility after single-level ACDF, there are few data on how spondylodesis of a motion segment affects subjective restriction of cervical spine mobility.

Methods.
Patients undergoing first-time, single-level ACDF for a symptomatic spondylotic process were eligible. Data were collected before surgery, at 3-month, and 1-year follow-up. Patients were assessed via clinical scores (pain intensity, Short-Form 8 [SF-8], among others) and asked for impairment in ADLs due to restriction of cervical spine mobility. The subjective restriction was acquired by a five-step patient-reported score. The range of motion was measured by the CROM device.

Results.
Data of 97 patients could be evaluated. For pain scores and SF-8 there were significant improvements 3 months and 1 year after surgery (P < 0.001). The impairment for most ADLs improved 3 months after surgery and further after 1 year. The subjective restriction showed a significant improvement in general and for all single directions 1 year after surgery. In the objective measurements, a significantly higher total rotation could be found 1 year after surgery compared to preoperatively (101.6° ± 21.2 vs. 93.9° ± 23.4; P = 0.002). There were no significant differences in total flexion-extension and lateral flexion. Increasing age was a significant predictor for objective and subjective restriction.

Conclusion.
The concern of many patients of being severely restricted in their cervical spine mobility after single-level ACDF can be denied. Objectively, the rotation even showed a significant improvement. Regarding the subjective restriction, which is more important for the patients, we found a significant improvement in general and for all directions of movement after surgery.

Level of Evidence: 3