bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intermittent Fasting: From Calories to Time Restriction
Authors: de Cabo Rafael 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Classic implementation of calorie restriction (CR) in laboratory animals increases health and longevity in most model organisms. Traditionally, chronic CR is the reduction of daily energy intake without malnutrition. Recently, paradigms have emerged that recapitulate some of the beneficial aspects of this intervention, avoiding some of its challenges. The length of daily fasting length and periodicity have emerged as potential drivers behind CR’s beneficial health effects. Numerous strategies and eating patterns, including prolonged periods of fasting, have been successfully developed to mimic many of CR’s benefits without its austerity. These new feeding protocols range from short mealtimes designed to interact with our circadian system (daily time-restricted feeding) to more extended fasting regimens known as intermittent fasting. We will discuss the current status of knowledge on different strategies to reap the benefits of CR on metabolic health in rodent models and humans without the rigor of chronic reductions in caloric intake.
Dementia Care Involvement and Training Needs of Social Services Directors in U.S. Nursing Homes
Authors: Kwak Jung , Smith Kevin , Bern-Klug Mercedes 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study describes social services directors’ involvement in dementia care in U.S. nursing homes, focusing on interest in and needs for dementia care training. Respondents were 841 social service directors from U.S. nursing homes. We found that 87% of social service departments engaged in cognitive assessment; 59% of social services directors were strongly interested in dementia care training, and 23% would need up to 10 hours of preparation time or would not be able to train staff on dementia-related care. Racial minority background, fewer years of experience in nursing homes, and barriers to staffing predicted strong interest in dementia care training. These findings demonstrate social services directors’ active involvement in dementia care and need for training.
The Integral Role of CBOCs in Rural Healthcare: Promises and Challenges
Authors: Pimentel Camilla , Nearing Kathryn , Kernan Laura , Dryden Eileen , Moo Lauren 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Community-based outpatient clinics are critical to extending the geographic reach of VA’s healthcare delivery system. Nationwide, 733 CBOCs provide outpatient care to nearly half of the VA’s patient population. The 13 rural CBOCs in the study sample provide outpatient primary care, mental health care, and a limited number of specialty care services. Located 1–3.5 hours away from their closest VA Medical Center, these CBOCs have a wide—sometimes interstate—service catchment area. To effectively serve increasingly older and medically complex patient populations, they rely heavily on partnerships with larger VA Medical Centers and local community providers for inpatient, residential, and additional outpatient services. CBOCs experience myriad staffing challenges, including staff turnover, “access providers” working at multiple CBOCs, and highly variable training in rural health and geriatrics. While some CBOCs have robust telehealth offerings, others cannot currently grow their telehealth capacity owing to constraints in clinic space and provider schedules.
Loneliness, Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Immigrants: A Moderating Role of Familial Relationships
Authors: Jang Heejung 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Immigration is a stressful life event, and immigrants commonly experience loneliness, a risk factor for depression. However, little is known about how and whether older immigrants’ perceived stress exposure/appraisals mediate the association between loneliness and depressive symptoms. Further, this study explores whether familial relationships moderate the indirect or direct effects of the mediation models. Method: This study uses the 2012 Health and Retirement Study from a sample of 719 immigrants age 57 and older. A series of moderated mediation analyses were conducted across the total number of stress exposure and eight stress appraisal domains. Results: The findings indicate that the total number of stress exposure and five domains of stress appraisals (health problems in self, physical/emotional problems in spouse/child, financial strain, housing problems, and close relationships in others) mediate the association between loneliness and depressive symptoms. In addition, the perceived negative strain from family moderated the mediating effect of health problems and housing problems in the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms. Discussion: This study suggests that negative relationships with family may increase upsetting in stress appraisals on health and housing problems, which turn in increased depressive symptoms for lonely older immigrants. Practitioners need to assess older immigrants’ stressors and family relationships to understand their loneliness and depressive symptoms.
Cultural Humility: The Bias Checker
Authors: Moore-Bembry Natalie 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Historically we have been taught to understand and embrace cultural competency, however, this focus has often led to a superficial understanding of others and seldom required one to better understand themselves. Cultural humility is based on one’s ability to engage in individual accountability and institutional accountability. Individual accountability is based on critical self-reflection and critique, lifelong learning, and the challenging of power imbalances. Institutional accountability requires one to challenge structural power. This session will: (1) explore ways to engage in critical self-reflection and critique; (2) describe how values and beliefs impact the interactions of our personal and professional lives; and (3) strategize ways to collectively model and practice in cultural humility in one’s personal and professional life.
The Study of Muscle, Mobility, and Aging (SOMMA): An Overview
Authors: Cummings Steve , Cawthon Peggy , Hepple Russell 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
SOMMA is an NIA-funded cohort study to identify biological determinants of mobility and fitness. The overall aim of SOMMA is to use biopsies, novel biomarkers, advanced imaging, and intensive physical and cognitive assessments to elucidate the biological processes that contribute to changes in mobility and physical fitness with aging. SOMMA will recruit 875 people age 70+ (of whom about 200 have been enrolled.) We take biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle to quantify mitochondrial content and function of the electron transport chain. We use 31PMR spectroscopy to quantify mitochondrial capacity to generate ATP in quadriceps muscle (ATPmax). We will quantify other biological properties in biopsies including denervation, autophagy and accumulated biochemical damage and use gene expression to discover pathways that contribute to mobility and fitness. SOMMA uses MR for quadriceps volume and D3Cr dilution for total skeletal muscle mass, cardiopulmonary exercise testing to measure fitness (VO2 peak). We are also making many other intensive assessments of physical and cognitive function. Mobility endpoints include baseline and three year change in 400 m and 4 meter gait speed and fitness. SOMMA is building a large biobank of muscle, adipose blood, and urine specimens that will be available for ancillary studies. In this Symposium, we will present results from analyses of associations between muscle mitochondrial function and strength, muscle mass, cognitive performance, gait speed, and fitness. The symposium will also preview opportunities for collaborations and ancillary studies with SOMMA.
Associations of Body Composition and Mitochondrial Function in Older Adults
Authors: Cawthon Peggy , Coen Paul , Goodpaster Bret , Hepple Russell , Kritchevsky Stephen , Newman Anne , Cummings Steve 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
SOMMA assessed body composition by whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans analyzed by AMRA (fat-to-weight ratio, mean: 57% ± 0.1; thigh muscle volume, mean: 8.9L ± 2.4; weight-to-muscle volume ratio, mean: 9.0 kg/L ± 1.6). Deuterated creatine dilution (D3Cr muscle mass, mean: 21.8kg ± 6.8) was used to measure muscle mass. Mitochondrial function was measured in fresh muscle tissue by respirometry (maximum OXPHOS and maximum ETS) and non-invasively by 31PMRS (ATPmax). Maximum OXPHOS and maximum ETS capacity were positively correlated with thigh muscle volume (r=0.42 and 0.44, respectively; p&lt;.001) and D3Cr muscle mass (r=0.37 and 0.33, respectively; p&lt;.001) and negatively correlated with fat-to-weight ratio (r=-0.36 and 0.26, respectively; p&lt;.001) and weight-to-muscle volume ratio (r=-0.42 and -0.37, respectively; p&lt;.001). Stratified analyses suggest that some associations may differ by sex. Associations between ATPmax and these body composition measures were more modest.
Engaging Isolated Hispanic and Latino Older Adult Caregivers in Remote Behavioral Interventions
Authors: Silva Caroline 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recruiting Hispanic/Latino older adults for behavioral clinical trials is challenging, particularly those who are isolated. This presentation describes the recruitment process and feasibility/acceptability outcomes for the adaptation of two interventions (Connect for Caregivers and Engage Coaching) aimed at improving the social relationships and supports of older adult Hispanic/Latino caregivers of a family member with dementia. We compare online and community-based recruitment methods for English and Spanish-speaking Hispanic/Latino caregivers across the United States and present recruitment challenges during COVID-19. Of eligible participants, 82% were identified via online (e.g., research registry) and 18% via community-based (including snowball sampling) methods. Of participants recruited via online methods, 22% were Spanish-speaking, versus 100% of those recruited by community-based methods. Overall, 91% of all eligible/interested participants enrolled in at least one of the interventions. We discuss further the feasibility/acceptability of study procedures and the interventions, as the study was conducted remotely (via phone/Zoom) due to COVID-19.
Voices in Motion: How Social Singing Can Facilitate Psychological Health for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers
Authors: MacDonald Stuart , Sheets Debra , Allison Theresa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Dementia is a global public health priority that exerts significant impact on individuals, families, healthcare systems, and society. Worldwide, over 35 million individuals are estimated to have some subtype of dementia – a projection expected to triple by 2050. Despite progress, a cure for dementia remains elusive, and approved pharmacotherapies are selectively effective for but a limited duration. Increasingly, arts-based interventions for persons with dementia (PwD) and their caregivers are being recognized as inexpensive, non-invasive, and non-pharmacological lifestyle interventions with the potential to improve psychological function as well as reduce healthcare costs. This symposium overviews the Voices in Motion (ViM) study – a sociocognitive intervention exploring the impact of participation in an intergenerational choir on psychological, social, and cognitive function for PwD and their caregivers (n=32 dyads). PwD, caregivers, and local high school students sang in a professionally-conducted choir for as many as three seasons (each ~12 weeks long), spanning up to 18 months of follow-up. Employing an intensive repeated measures design, psychosocial, physiological, and cognitive function was measured every four to six weeks (up to 9 total assessments). The symposium papers provide a representative overview of the broad impact that this novel, non-pharmacological lifestyle intervention can offer vis-à-vis mitigating dementia symptoms and facilitating the psychological health of caregivers. Choir participation has important and significant impacts on psychosocial well-being and quality of life. Discussion focuses on policy implications and the need for community-based programs that reflect a social model for dementia and support living well through engaging and meaningful activities.
Loneliness, Social Contact, and Health Among Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Choun Soyoung , Aldwin Carolyn , Lee Dylan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a challenging situation for many older adults at elevated risk for mortality. Social distancing and lockdown to prevent contagion may result in social isolation and feelings of loneliness, which can have adverse effects on health. We examined how depressive symptoms were associated with between-person differences and within-person variations in loneliness, social contacts, and daily physical problems during 8 weeks. We sampled 247 older adults (Mage = 71.1, SD = 7.3, range = 51 - 95), who participated at micro-longitudinal online surveys (baseline and 7 weekly follow-ups) from April 28 to June 23. Multilevel modeling analysis controlling age, gender, marital status, and education showed that depressive symptoms were significantly decreased during 8 weeks. Further, depressive symptoms were positively coupled with both loneliness and physical problems for both the within-and between-person levels. Increase in social contact was related to decreases in depressive symptoms only at the between-person level.
Self-Transcendent Wisdom Mediates the Association Between Spirituality and Well-Being in Six Nations
Authors: Ardelt Monika , Kim Juensung , Ferrari Michel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Distraught individuals sometimes turn to religion for solace, particularly in old age, so spirituality is not necessarily positively related to well-being. However, spirituality might lead to greater well-being if it promotes self-transcendent wisdom. Using a sample of 307 respondents from six nations (USA, Canada, Serbia, Ukraine, Iran, and China), ranging in age from 59 to 99 years (M=73.00, SD=8.13), this study tested the generalizability of the hypothesized mediated pathway. Results showed only weak correlations between spirituality and well-being measures in the whole sample. Yet, as predicted, spirituality, mediated by self-transcendent wisdom, was indirectly related to greater well-being in all six nations, despite significant differences by nation in variable means. Spirituality had additional direct positive effects on life satisfaction in Canada, Iran, and China and on general well-being in Iran and China. These findings suggest that spirituality likely results in greater well-being when it transcends egocentric concerns.
When the Professional Turns Personal: Healthcare Providers and Their Own Advance Care Planning During the Pandemic
Authors: Carpenter Brian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As healthcare professionals counseled patients and care partners during the pandemic about treatment options, clinical probabilities, and preparations for death, they had opportunities to reflect on how they themselves would want to be treated if they fell ill. We conducted a survey with healthcare professionals who were caring for patients during the pandemic and asked their work had affected their own advance care planning. Based on their clinical observations, 28% revised their personal interest in life-prolonging medical interventions. Substantial proportions had initiated conversations with partners (45%), parents (46%), and their primary care physician (29%) about their medical preferences. Similarly high percentages had encouraged family members and friends to update or complete their advance care plans, and 26% intended to initiate planning in the near future. Interest in advance care planning is high among healthcare professionals, who may benefit from tailored resources that acknowledge their clinical experience.
Advance Care Planning in the Time of COVID: Real-World Case Discussions
Authors: Frechman Erica , Buck Harleah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
COVID has accelerated the science and practice of palliative care while creating a sense of urgency in advance care planning (ACP). Past palliative care principles and practices have been stressed to the breaking point, causing the need for new ACP approaches to elicit patient-and-family goals/values/preferences. In this presentation, two cases will be used to discuss pragmatic implications and real-world implementation strategies in the trenches of the major health care system disruptor of this generation. We will discuss access to documentation, immediacy and complexity of the decision-making process, provider impacts, role of the family, and even an upside to this crisis. This will include questions of ethics and equity. The first case involves an older man whose family disregarded his wishes, while the second case discusses the pitfalls and pearls when family cannot visit. These two cases highlight COVID’s impact on ACP and cause us to re-think its process and delivery.
Ageist Policies That Favor Older People: What Do Older People Think?
Authors: Jonson Hakan , Harnett Tove 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Policies on supportive services have frequently used chronological age to determine rights and needs of people within the adult population. Such policies have been described as ageist, but could also be regarded as favoring older people in cases where chronological age is used as a proxy for needs. In Sweden, municipalities have recently been allowed to grant people above a certain age some home care services without individual needs testing, and several political parties have suggested that a nursing home guarantee at the age of 85 should be introduced. The aim of the study that this presentation reports on was to investigate views among older people on age as an organizing principle for distributing eldercare services. Data was collected through an online surveys to members of pensioners’ organisations (N=1540). Respondents were asked about their views on a number of age-related policies that are used or proposed as part of the eldercare system in Sweden. The analysis revealed a general support for the use of chronological age as a proxy for needs. This suggest that respondents used an interest groups perspective and supported stereotypical arrangements that favored older people. When free-text answers were included in the analysis, it became evident that the use of chronological age was not related to the problem of ageism. In the presentation we will discuss the potential gap between anti-ageism and views of older people and what a framework on ageism brings into the moral economy of eldercare.
The Othering of Older People in Disability Policies
Authors: Jonson Hakan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Disability policies in Sweden rest on the idea that all humans have equal value and a goal of policies has been to enable persons with disabilities to be able to live like other members of society, but older people do not seem to be included as part of this goal. The presentation concerns the Swedish support system’s legal discourse, and investigates the rationale for excluding people over the age of 65 from services that younger people with disabilities may obtain. Data consists of government texts and court decisions under the Severe Disability Act about services for people over the age of 65. It was found that little in the legal discourse concerns the needs and rights of older people, and the general belief is that the Severe Disability Act is primarily intended for children, young people, and adults of working age. The legal discourse contained a type of “residual ageism” that was justified through the indirect construction of older people as different. Othering of older people was present in assumptions about differences in categorizations (people with disabilities vs older people with support needs), needs (active age vs not active age), and comparisons (with people without disabilities of the same age vs with others receiving eldercare). The presentation outlines potential changes of these policies.
Resources Within: Between Resident Ties and Links to Health Among Older Subsidized Housing Residents
Authors: Webster Noah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Increasing evidence points to the importance of non-family ties in promoting health among older adults. Less is known though about these ties within the context of subsidized housing. In this study we examine prevalence of social ties between residents and examine links to health. Data were collected through interviews conducted with 39 residents age 62 and older living in a subsidized housing community in Southeast Michigan. Residents reported knowing on average 10 (SD=6.5) other residents, and nominated three (SD=4.2) residents into their close social networks. Residents who reported getting out of the community less often and those with one or more health limitations nominated significantly more residents into their network. Also, getting out of one’s apartment more often was associated with knowing more residents in the community. Findings highlight between resident ties may serve as an important resource for those geographically restricted and may be useful to integrate into interventions.
Social Isolation and Healthcare Utilization Among Older Adults Living in Subsidized Housing
Authors: Cudjoe Thomas , Prichett Laura , Runge Katherine , Andes Laura , Latkin Carl , Boyd Cynthia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Older adults living in subsidized housing are often at high risk for having multiple chronic conditions and nursing home placement. Previous studies in this population have not examined the relationship between social isolation and healthcare utilization. We examine this using Lubben Social Network Scale-6 and self-reported healthcare utilization. Utilizing data from a multi-state non-profit subsidized housing provider, we performed descriptive and multivariate analyses on a sample of older adults (N=3,822). Overall, 95 % reported having a checkup within the last 12 months and an average of less than one emergency room visits (mean= 0.58) or hospitalizations (mean= 0.34). In adjusted models, Socially isolated older adults had lower levels of routine checkup (OR=0.50, CI 0.36,0.70) and higher levels of hospitalizations (IRR=1.30, CI 1.10,1.54) compared to older adults who were not socially isolated. Efforts to address healthcare utilization should identify social isolation and explore strategies to promote social connectedness to improve health.
Kathryn Hyer's Lasting Legacy in Gerontology Education and Aging Policy Research
Authors: Dobbs Debra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Kathy Hyer, our dear friend, colleague, former Gerontological Society of America President and Professor and Director of the Florida Policy Exchange Center on Aging, University of South Florida posthumously has been awarded the Clark Tibbett's Award for her achievements in the advancement of the field of gerontological education in higher education. This lecture will reflect on some of her decades of accomplishments including her dedication to AGHE's mission to train and educate students in gerontology. Her greatest achievement is in the area of training and education of long-term care administration and aging studies undergraduate students to be nursing home and assisted living administrators. This lecture will also highlight several initiatives of Dr. Hyer's that involved undergraduate, graduate students, and junior faculty who she mentored including the Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Project, NIA SAFEHAVEN and COVID research on disasters, the Dementia Training Academy, Age Friendly Initiatives both nationally and internationally and student mentorship for graduate assistantships through the USF Center for End of Life Care.