bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regression rate performance of paraffin wax and bees wax –Gox with varied grain configuration in a hybrid rocket motor
Authors: G. Saravanan , S. Shanmugam , A.R. Veerappan 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to determine the regression rate using wax fuels for three different grain configurations and find a suitable grain port design for hybrid rocket application.

Design/methodology/approach
The design methodology of this work includes different grain port designs and subsequent selection of solid fuels for a suitable hybrid rocket application. A square, a cylindrical and a five-point star grained were designed and prepared using paraffin and beeswax fuels. They were tested in a laboratory-scale rocket with gaseous oxygen to study the effectiveness of solid fuels on these grain structures. The regression rate by static fire testing of these wax fuels was analyzed.

Findings
Beeswax performance is better than that of paraffin wax fuel for all three designs, and the five-slotted star fuel port grain attained the best performance. Beeswax fuel attained an average regression rate ≈of 1.35 mm/s as a function of oxidizer mass flux Gox ≈ 111.8 kg/m2 s and for paraffin wax 1.199 mm/s at Gox ≈ 121 kg/m2 s with gaseous oxygen. The local regression rates of fuels increased in the range of 0.93–1.194 mm/s at oxidizer mass flux range of 98–131 kg/m2 s for cylindrical grain, 0.99–1.21 mm/s at oxidizer mass flux range of 96–129 kg/m2s for square grain and 1.12–1.35 mm/s at oxidizer mass flux range of 91–126 kg/m2 s for a star grain. A complete set of the regression rate formulas is obtained for all three-grain designs as a function of oxidizer flux rate.

Research limitations/implications
The experiment has been performed for a lower chamber pressure up to 10 bar.

Originality/value
Different grain configurations were designed according to the required dimension of the combustion chamber, injector and exhaust nozzle of the design of a lab-scale hybrid rocket, and input parameters were selected and analyzed.
Ads in gaming apps: experiential value of gamers
Authors: Valaei Naser , Bressolles Gregory , Khan Hina , Low Yee Min 
Published: October 2021

PurposeEven though there is a noticeable market value in the mobile gaming apps industry, there has been limited research examining experiential value of gamers with respect to in-game ads in gaming apps. This study fills the void in the literature by examining factors associated with “experiential value of gamers through ads in gaming apps” as well as investigating its antecedents (cognitive and affective involvement) and consequences (positive word of mouth and intention to continue playing the mobile game).Design/methodology/approachA total of 600 valid responses from gamers was used to test the model fit, measurement and structural models, conditional probabilistic queries, and nonlinearity.FindingsThis study found that experiential value of gamers through ads in gaming apps is a second-order factor of four constructs: escapism, enjoyment, social affiliation and entertainment. Most of the structural paths between cognitive/affective involvement and dimensions of experiential value are supported. Surprisingly, only social affiliation and entertainment values predict positive word of mouth and intention to continue playing the mobile game, in a nonlinear way.Originality/valueThis study is the first to introduce “experiential value of gamers through ads in gaming apps”. The findings have important implications for companies to develop brand and communication strategies by leveraging specific advertisement formats and present their ads to the right audience in the right gaming apps and at the right time.
A non-parametric framework for evaluating governance–efficiency–productivity associations in commercial banking
Authors: Prakash Navendu , Singh Shveta , Sharma Seema 
Published: October 2021

PurposeAgainst the backdrop of an Indian banking sector that finds itself entangled in the triple deadlock of increasing competition, technological changes and strict regulatory compliance, the study aims to examine the need for reinforcing stringent corporate and risk governance mechanisms as an instrument for improving efficiency and productivity levels.Design/methodology/approachThe authors construct three separate indices, namely, supervisory board index, audit index and risk governance index to measure the governance practices of commercial banks. A slacks-based data envelopment analysis technical efficiency (TE) measure, a variable returns to scale cost efficiency model and Malmquist productivity index are employed to determine TE, cost efficiency and productivity change, respectively. A two-step system-generalized method of moments estimation accounts for the dynamic relationship between governance and efficiency.FindingsThe authors show that strict audit and risk governance mechanisms are associated with better efficiency and productivity levels. However, consistent with the free-rider hypothesis, large, independent and diverse boards lead to cost inefficiencies. Strict risk governance structures circumvent the negative effects of high regulatory capital and improve efficiency and total factor productivity. However, friendly boards do not perform efficiently in the presence of regulatory capital, implying that incentives arising from maintaining high levels of equity capital make them more susceptible to risk-taking, and board composition is unable to sidestep this behaviour.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature that explores the linkages between governance, efficiency and productivity. The inferences hold relevance in the post-COVID world, as regulators try to circumvent the additional stress on the banking system by adopting sound corporate and risk governance mechanisms.
The interplay between digital manufacturing and dynamic capabilities: an empirical examination of direct and indirect effects on firm performance
Authors: Savastano Marco , Cucari Nicola , Dentale Francesco , Ginsberg Ari 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and empirically examine the dynamic capabilities (DC) that drive the development of digital manufacturing capabilities (DMC) and the role of DMC in mediating their influence on firm performance.Design/methodology/approachBased on the dynamic capabilities view (DCV) of the firm, the authors develop a set of hypotheses that are tested through a survey of 110 managers in the manufacturing sector. The hypothesized model is tested through structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results indicate that although higher-order DC (HODC) have a strong influence on firm performance, their effects are partially mediated by the DMC that they generate, by positively affecting the extended production process.Practical implicationsThe analysis contributes to a better understanding of the interplay between levels of the DC hierarchy by finding that DMC play an important role in translating HODC into enhanced firm performance.Originality/valueBy complementing the DCV with the disruptive innovation theory in a specific fast changing context, this study introduces a new construct (DMC) providing an original and considerable contribution to the literature. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first empirical study that includes and assesses all these elements together in the context of the manufacturing industry.
A study on consumer buying behaviour for fashion and luxury brands under emotional influence
Authors: Bishnoi Sushil Kumar , Singh Sukhvir 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Fashion and luxury brands struggle to make themselves distinguished by ever more apathetic consumers in this highly competitive market. Fashion and luxury retailers can use emotional branding as a way to get their customers involved to address the increasing trend of emotional relationships with a brand to become more competitive. Although brand technology, such as product attributes, characteristics and facts, is unforgettable, personal sensations and experiences better shape brand assessments of consumers. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the dominance of consumers’ emotions over objective analysis in selection among the brands in the field of fashion and luxury products for similar products.

Design/methodology/approach
A comprehensive literature study has been done to explore the various emotional associations that are identified by the advertising, marketing, psychology scholars and researchers. This study also analyses the relevance of consumers’ emotional associations with the fashion and luxury brands. Various online scholarly journal platforms have been used to find the relevant research papers, books and other publications on the basis of keywords of this study. Only recent studies and literature covering the basic concepts of branding, emotional buying and fashion consumer behaviour have been included after scrutinising carefully.

Findings
This study illustrates how emotional branding is crucial in a volatile market, particularly for fashion and luxury brands. This study will also be focussed on the possibility in which consumers buy the fashion and luxury products under the influence of emotional needs. The objective of this paper is to inform both consumers and brands about the emotional influence on the buying decision so that both can take better conscious decision.

Originality/value
Understanding the influence of emotional needs will help fashion brands in creating better customer value and satisfaction. A business or product will be successful only if it is chosen by the consumer to satisfy his needs. Understanding of emotional needs would result in enhancement of consumer’s loyalty for the brand with better satisfaction of needs. As huge part of marketing resources is involved into advertisement and celebrity endorsement, identifying the effective way of advertising and endorsement can help in efficient utilisation of resources.
Adequate sample sizes for improved accuracy of thermal trait estimates
Authors: Duffy Grant A. , Kuyucu Arda C. , Hoskins Jessica L. , Hay Eleanor M. , Chown Steven L. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Thermal traits, such as upper and lower critical thermal limits, are vital indicators of the vulnerability of populations and species to environmental change. Thus, accurate estimates of these traits are needed to explain biological patterns and forecast responses to the changing thermal environment. However, many thermal trait studies measure relatively few individuals to estimate traits for whole populations or species.

To ascertain if, and how, sample size affects the accuracy of reported trait means and variances, we applied a subsampling and equivalency testing approach to empirical and simulated trait data to investigate the accuracy of trait estimates relative to sample size and the skew and variance of the trait distribution in the source population.

Simulation results indicated that only 7.9% of the 428 critical thermal limit traits documented in a recent synthesis of thermal trait data reported sufficiently large sample sizes, relative to variance, to ensure confidence in the reported mean trait value with negligible (±0.25°C) error. Greater inter‐individual trait variance in the source population requires a larger number of individuals to be measured to accurately estimate the mean and variance of that trait. This pattern is mitigated somewhat by the tendency of thermal traits to exhibit skew‐normal distributions.

As measurements of few individuals from a population are unlikely to provide accurate estimates of thermal traits, the propensity towards small sample sizes in thermal trait studies is concerning. Macrophysiological syntheses often use these data to describe, explain and predict broad‐scale ecological patterns. Thus, insufficient sample sizes in the original studies could diminish the robustness of these patterns and predictions. For future studies, we recommend that preliminary data be used to estimate trait variance and calculate minimum sample sizes. If small sample sizes are unavoidable, larger error around the measured trait mean must be assumed and accounted for in subsequent analyses.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
A Place for Women Only: Health, Healing and the Divine at an Islamic Shrine in Central Asia
Authors: Webster Jennifer R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article analyses the relationships between traditional healing and biomedical practices found in contemporary Central Asia from the late Soviet period into the early twenty‐first century. Gendered demarcation of space, the roles of women as caregivers and protectors of spiritual health in legends and emphasis on life cycle rituals position women at the centre of discussions of healing practices in Central Asia. Through historical and ethnographic work conducted in the Kyrgyz Republic, this article offers a view of women as practitioners and recipients of healing and as producers of knowledge about health and healing.
Changing patterns in medication prescription for gestational diabetes during a time of guideline change in the USA: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Venkatesh KK , Chiang CW , Castillo WC , Battarbee AN , Donneyong M , Harper LM , Costantine M , Saade G , Werner EF , Boggess KA , Landon MB 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveTo define patterns of prescription and factors associated with choice of pharmacotherapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), namely metformin, glyburide and insulin, during a period of evolving professional guidelines.DesingCross‐sectional study.SettingUS commercial insurance beneficiaries from Market‐Scan (late 2015 to 2018).Study designWe included women with GDM, singleton gestations, 15–51 years of age on pharmacotherapy. The exposure was pharmacy claims for metformin, glyburide and insulin.Main outcomesPharmacotherapy for GDM with either oral agent, metformin or glyburide, compared with insulin as the reference, and secondarily, consequent treatment modification (addition and/or change) to metformin, glyburide or insulin.ResultsAmong 37 762 women with GDM, we analysed data from 10 407 (28%) with pharmacotherapy, 21% with metformin (n = 2147), 48% with glyburide (n = 4984) and 31% with insulin (n = 3276). From late 2015 to 2018, metformin use increased from 17 to 29%, as did insulin use from 26 to 44%, whereas glyburide use decreased from 58 to 27%. By 2018, insulin was the most common pharmacotherapy for GDM; metformin was more likely to be prescribed by 9% compared with late 2015/16, but glyburide was less likely by 45%. Treatment modification occurred in 20% of women prescribed metformin compared with 2% with insulin and 8% with glyburide.ConclusionsInsulin followed by metformin has replaced glyburide as the most common pharmacotherapy for GDM among a privately insured US population during a time of evolving professional guidelines. Further evaluation of the relative effectiveness and safety of metformin compared with insulin is needed.Tweetable abstractInsulin followed by metformin has replaced glyburide as the most common pharmacotherapy for gestational diabetes mellitus in the USA.
Us versus them: Do the rules of the game encourage negative partisanship?
Authors: ANDERSON CAMERON D. , McGREGOR R. MICHAEL , STEPHENSON LAURA B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractParty identification is a well‐documented force in political behaviour. However, the vast majority of work on partisanship considers only its positive side, rather than recognizing that partisan identities may also have a negative component. Recent work has shown that negative partisanship has important effects, such as reinforcing partisan leanings, directing strategic behaviour and increasing the rate of straight‐ticket voting. This study takes a step back to explore the sources of such orientations, rather than the effects. Specifically, it considers whether the electoral system context contributes to the presence of negative affective orientations towards parties. Using data from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems, we examine the influence of factors related to electoral system features and consider whether their influence is moderated by voter sophistication. Data reveal significant variation in the rate of negative partisanship across countries, and that these differences are related to the electoral system context in which voters are making decisions. We also find some evidence that these effects are moderated by sophistication. This work adds to our understanding of the role of affect in political behaviour, as well as the impact that country‐level institutional factors can have upon the relationship between voters and parties.
Diagnostic efficacy of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer under percutaneous contrast‐enhanced ultrasound: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Deng Huadong , Lei Jianming , Jin Lixian , Shi Hongwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the diagnostic efficacy of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in breast cancer by percutaneous contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) through pooled analysis of relevant studies published before June 2021.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of relevant studies by searching the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and VIP and the studies were screened according to their inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (−LR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated by Meta‐disc 1.4 software and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and area under the curve of ROC (AUC) were constructed.ResultsTwenty‐two publications evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of SLN in breast cancer under percutaneous CEUS were included in the meta‐analysis. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83–0.88) and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.87–0.91) for SLN in breast cancer detected by percutaneous CEUS respectively using a random effect model. The +LR and –LR were combined in a random effect model due to significant statistical heterogeneity (p < 0.05). The pooled +LR, −LR were 7.06 (95% CI: 4.34–11.50), and 0.17 (95% CI: 0.12–0.24), respectively. The combined DOR was 53.32 (95% CI: 29.74–95.61) for SLN diagnosis in breast cancer by percutaneous CEUS under a random effect model. The AUC was 0.94 which indicated that CEUS had high diagnostic efficacy of SLN in patients with breast cancer.ConclusionsCEUS is a noninvasive method for the detection SLN in patients of breast cancer with relative high prediction efficacy.
Legitimating State Capital: The Global Financial Professions and the Transnationalization of Chinese Sovereign Wealth
Authors: Liu Imogen T. , Dixon Adam D. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTIncreasing Chinese investment has raised the spectre of strategic state influence in Europe, yet the transformative potential of state capital as a global phenomenon remains under‐explored. This article sheds light on the dual imperatives of transnationalizing state capital wherein the movement of capital entails both profit maximization and the extra‐profit interests of the state. State‐capitalist entities such as sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) are both market‐facing and politically driven, disrupting ideological norms surrounding the strictly safe‐keeper role of the state in private capital accumulation. The authors draw on the case of the China Investment Corporation, China's premier SWF, to argue that the transnationalization of state capital is a process deeply embedded in the liberal international order, and that it signals the metamorphosis of global capitalism in palimpsest‐like ways. The global financial professions, namely investment banking, corporate law and management consulting along with other advisory services, have legitimated state capital by normalizing its political origins through technocratic, expert‐driven practice to the effect that it is treated as no different from private capital in global capital networks. The article identifies three logics of practice by which professionals legitimate state capital: adoption, alliance and recreation of financial practices that have facilitated the embeddedness of state capital in global markets.
Emerging Sino–European Corporate Elite Networks
Authors: de Graaff Nana , Valeeva Diliara 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTChinese investments into Europe have been growing prodigiously in the past decade and are increasingly the subject of controversy. However, while a lot of empirical data and analysis are available on the flows and stocks of these investments, we still know very little about the loci of corporate power and control behind them. This article focuses on a domain where substantive power of decision making and control regarding these investments lies: corporate boards. The key aim is to assess how Chinese boards are relating to the existing European corporate elite networks by analysing the extent and nature of Sino–European corporate board interlocking by China's largest firms as a particular networking mode. Based on business listings and databases, and applying social network analysis in combination with qualitative analysis, the article highlights the contours of an emerging Sino–European corporate elite, revealing under‐exposed areas of ongoing Sino–European collaboration whilst at the same time indicating a sphere of potential influence by Chinese business elites at the top of Europe's corporations.
Frequency Rhythmic Electrical Modulation System (FREMS) to alleviate painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A pilot, randomised controlled trial (The FREMSTOP study)
Authors: Crasto Winston , Altaf Quratul‐Ain , Selvaraj Dhiraj Ravindran , Jack Bukola , Patel Vinod , Nawaz Sarfaraz , Murthy Narasimha , Sukumar Nithya , Saravanan Ponnusamy , Tahrani Abd A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundFrequency Rhythmic Electrical Modulated System (FREMS) is a non‐invasive treatment for chronic pain conditions, but its place in the treatment algorithm for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is unknown.MethodsA pilot, open‐label, randomised controlled trial in individuals with PDPN inadequately controlled on at least dual neuropathic pain treatments recruited from primary and secondary care. Participants were randomised 1:1 to FREMS + usual care (n = 13) versus usual care (n = 12). Primary outcome was change from baseline in perceived pain (assessed by visual analogue scale) at 12 weeks between treatment groups.ResultsOf 25 participants, 14 (56%) were men, and 21 (84%) were White Europeans. Median (IQR) age and duration of diabetes were 64 (56, 68) and 14 (10, 20) years, respectively. At 12 weeks, FREMS showed improvements in perceived pain compared with baseline, although the change was not statistically significant from control group (−4.0[−5.0,0.4] vs. 0[−0.3,0.7], p = 0.087). There were significant improvements in pain with FREMS, assessed by McGill Pain questionnaire (p = 0.042) and Douleur neuropathique‐4 questionnaire (p = 0.042). More participants on FREMS had greater than 30 percent reductions in perceived pain compared with controls [7/13(54%) vs 0/12(0%), p = 0.042] and significant improvements in Patient Global Impression of Change (p = 0.005). FREMS intervention had moderate benefits in quality of life, sleep, depression and pain medication use, but these were not statistically significant.ConclusionsFREMS might be used to treat individuals with PDPN inadequately controlled on two classes of neuropathic pain medications and is associated with improvements in pain severity and perceived impact of treatment. A larger, appropriately designed trial assessing its impact in this population is needed.