bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trichophyton Species Isolated from Asymptomatic Patients of the Pet-owner Pair in Mexico
Authors: Adame- Gomez Roberto , Gisela Rodrigez- Romero Monica , Hilario- Alejandro Isabel , Alheli Pineda- Rodriguez Sandra , Toribio- Jimenez Jeiry , Rodriguez- Bataz Elvia , Ramirez- Peralta Arturo 
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: Superficial mycoses are the fourth most common cause of disease worldwide. It is not surprising that zoonotic transmission occurs to humans due to close contact with different animals, be it companion or farm animals. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the presence of asymptomatic dermatophyte carriers in the owner-pet pairs, identify the most common etiologic agents, and find the likely connection between the carrier status of an owner and the presence of dermatophytes in their pets.
Materials and Methods: From May 2019 to January 2020, 21 cats and 115 dogs with their respective owners were selected for dermatophyte culture. All the dogs and cats included in the study were from the communities of southeastern Mexico. The samples were taken with a cotton swab, which was vigorously rubbed and twisted on the scalp or body of the pet four times and grown on Mycosel Agar. The isolates were identified based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The prevalence of the binomial ranged from 0.73% in pet skin and human hands to 2.2% in human scalp. In humans, the agents were Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton verrucosum, while in pets, a strain of Trichophyton sp was found.
Conclusion: Different species of dermatophytes were found in the owner/pet pairs, which denotes that coexistence is not related in asymptomatic cases.
A simple multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid identification of the common pathogenic dermatophytes:Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichophyton rubrum, and Epidermophyton floccosum
Authors: Faramarzi Sama , Motamedi Marjan , Rezaei-Matehkolaei Ali , Aboutalebian Shima , Ansari Saham , Didehdar Mojtaba , Bahadoran Mehran , Mirhendi Hossein 
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: The most common etiological agents of human dermatophytosis in various parts of the world are Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Epidermophyton floccosum. The main aim of this study was to design and evaluate a simple and straightforward multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)assay for reliable identification/differentiation of these species in clinical isolates.
Materials and Methods: The reliable sequences of several molecular targets of dermatophytes species were used to design a multiplex PCR for the identification of common pathogenic dermatophytes. The isolates and clinical specimens examined in this study included seven standard strains of dermatophytes, 101 isolates of dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte molds/yeasts which had already been identified by sequencing or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and 155 clinical samples from patients suspected of cutaneous mycoses.
Results: Species-specific primer pairs for T. rubrum and T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes were designed based on the sequence data of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene, and the primers for E. floccosum targeted the specific sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). The multiplex PCR successfully detected T.rubrum, T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes, and E. floccosum strains that were identified by sequencing or PCR-RFLP. However, the primer pairs selected for T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes cross-reacted with Trichophyton tonsurans. In testing the PCR system directly for clinical samples, the proportion of positive multiplex PCR was higher than positive culture (68.1% vs. 55.4%, respectively).
Conclusion: The multiplex assay could detect three common agents out of several causal agents of dermatophytosis, namely T. rubrum, T. interdigitale, and E. floccosum.Therefore, by adding pan-dermatophyte primers it can be used as a comprehensive detection/identification test.
Non-Candida albicans Candida Species: Virulence Factors and Species Identification in India
Authors: Prasad Singh Dharmendra , Kumar Verma Rajesh , Sarswat Swati , Saraswat Satender 
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: The predominant cause of candidiasis was Candida albicans which has recently changed to non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) (i.e., Candida spp. other than the C. albicans). The NCAC spp., earlier considered non-pathogenic or minimally virulent, are now considered a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. Given the NCAC spp.has become more common in clinical cases, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of NCAC spp. in different clinical specimens and assess a few of their virulence factors.
Materials and Methods: Routine samples for bacterial culture and sensitivity that showed colony characteristics, like Candida on Blood Agar and microscopic features resembling Candida spp., were processed further. Candida isolates underwent tests for chlamydospore formation and biochemical tests, including sugar fermentation and sugar assimilation tests. These were grown at 42oC, and their colony color was identified using HiCrome™ Candida Differential Agar (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai,India), HiCandidaTM Identification Kit (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India),and VITEK-2® Compact (Biomérieux, France). Virulence factors, such as adherence to buccal epithelial cells (ABEC), biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, and production of coagulase enzyme were also tested.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 38.46 years with a male-female ratio of 1.36:1. In total, 137 Candida isolates were recovered; 45.3%, 19.7%, and 13.9% of the isolates were isolated from urine, vaginal swabs, and oropharyngeal swabs, respectively. Moreover, 55(40.1%) isolates were those of C. albicans and 82 (59.9%) isolates belonged to NCAC spp.,with C. tropicalis (23.4%) contributing highest among NCAC species. Furthermore, C. albicans (3; 50%) was the most common spp. in cases of candidemia. Haemolysin production (85.5%) and ABEC (78.2%) were the major virulence factors in C. albicans. C.tropicalis (59.4%) and C. dubliniensis (50%) showed maximum ABEC. Biofilm forming capacity was higher in C. tropicalis (78.1%) than C. albicans (67%).
Conclusion: Results of this study suggest varied prevalence and virulence based on geographical locations, even within a subcontinent. It clearly indicates the emergence of the NCAC spp. and their predominance in different body fluids. Identification of Candida to the spp. level should become a routine in all laboratories.
Effects of Bunium persicum essential oil on the reduction of spore germination, growth, and expression of FUM1 and FUM14 genes in Fusarium verticillioides isolates
Authors: Balal Asad , Sharifzadeh Aghil , Shokri Hojjatollah , Khosravi Ali Reza 
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: Black Cumin of Kerman (Bunium persicum) is an Iranian plant that is commonly used as an antispasmodic, carminative, and antimicrobial substance. The present study aimed to assess different components of the essence of B.persicum and its effect on antifungal activity, spore germination inhibition, and expressions of FUM1 and FUM14 genes in Fusarium verticillioides strains.
Materials and Methods: The essence was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. A broth microdilution method was used for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, the expression of FUM1 and FUM14 genes of toxigenic F. verticillioides was assessed by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.
Results: Based on the findings, most of the essence consisted of γ-terpinene (15.56%),propanal, and 2-methyl-3-phenyl (14.18%). The oil showed a good antifungal activity(mean MIC value: 2556.8 μg/ml) as well as the inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth (P<0.05). The RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of FUM1 and FUM14 of B. persicum-treated F. verticillioides were 0.43 and 0.53 folds ower than the control samples, respectively.
Conclusion: These findings revealed that the essential oil of B. persicum has different components responsible for the inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination of F. verticillioides as well as reduction of expressions of FUM1 and FUM14 genes involving fumonisin production.
Growing Condition and Varietal Impact on Growth Performance and Yield of Yard Long Bean (Vigna unguiculata) Varieties Cultivated under Tropical Climate
Authors: Sundar Laurence Shiva , Lal Asneel Ashesh , Kumar Josphine Sandya Venkataiya 
Published: November 2021

Background: Yard-long bean is one of the exporting crops of Fiji, with approximately half a ton exported annually. Lack of information on the varietal performance under the field condition walls the ability of farmers to choose a suitable variety for higher production under different growing conditions. Therefore, this study aims to identify a higher-yielding variety of yard-long bean that performs to the maximum under the tropical climate of Fiji. Methods: Three varieties of yard-long bean were selected based on their availability and were planted under three different growing conditions. The data on the chlorophyll content, stem girth, plant height, pod number, pod length and pod weight were collected and analyzed. Result: The experiment results indicate that the JS15P variety of yard long bean had significantly the highest leaf chlorophyll content in Trial 1 and Trial 2; however, no significant differences were observed in Trial 3 among the three varieties. No significant differences were observed in the stem girth among the three varieties. As for the plant height, the JS15P variety had significantly the highest among the other two varieties. The results also indicated that the JS15P variety of yard-long bean had significantly the highest yield in all three trials; therefore, the JS15P variety of yard-long bean is highly recommended to farmers in Fiji or those cultivating crops under tropical climatic conditions.
The importance of game technology in developing the word formation skills of children with preschool speech disorder
Authors: Ibatova Gaukhar , Makhmetova Aigerim , Zhoraeyeva Saule Basarbaevna , Amiresheva Bibinur , Tinibekovna Nyshanova Saltanat , Satova Akmaral 
Published: November 2021

Game technology has been identified as a means to developing the Word Formation Skills of Children with Preschool Speech Disorder. The purpose of the article was to analyze the psychological and pedagogical conditions of word-formation skills for Kazakh-speaking preschool children with speech disorders on the basis of learning theories and contemporary approaches. To achieve the set aim, we have studied psychophysiological peculiarities of preschool children with speech disorder. We have allocated the most significant learning theories and approaches, which promote the assimilation of word-formation. We have come to understand that the indicators of speech development of many modern Kazakh-speaking preschoolers do not correspond to the age norm, which is influenced by word-formation operations. For Kazakh-speaking preschool children with speech disorders it is rather difficult to distinguish elementary forms as the original word, consisting of a stem and a derivative by including diminutive-affectionate suffixes.
Key words: Kazakh-speaking preschool children, psychological and pedagogical conditions, learning theories, approaches, word-formation, speech games
Computational informatics in the training of future informatics teachers in the context of the development of modern education
Authors: Revshenova Makhabbat , Kamalova Guldina , Kaskatayeva Bakhytkul , Shekerbekova Shirinkyz , Kisselyova Yelena 
Published: November 2021

It is known that the huge computing resources of modern computers are used primarily to solve problems that arise in various applied areas in the process of mathematical modeling of real objects. The aim of this study is to present a theoretical justification of the need to train informatics future teacher in the field of computational informatics and to develop a methodology for teaching him/her in the context of the development of modern education. The competence-based and contextual approaches to teaching and the concept of pedagogical education funding are used in the research. The necessity of training future informatics teacher in the field of computational informatics has been justified and a methodology for teaching it based on web quests has been developed and experimentally tested.The implementation of the developed methodology for teaching computational informatics on the basis of modern educational technology web-quest will equip him/her with the necessary knowledge and ensure the development of his/her information and computational competence..
Key words: training of informatics teacher, competence-based approach in teaching, computational informatics, information and computational competence, digitalization of education
Teaching and Learning foundation of the elective course "Cultural Geography"
Authors: Ayzhan Satybaldieva , Kulyash Kaimuldinova , Kulash Mamirova , Zabira Myrzaliyeva , Yerlan Issakov , Nurbol Ussenov 
Published: November 2021

At present, one of the urgent problems is the systematization of information on elective courses and the identification of methodological features of its implementation. The article presents the program of the elective course " Cultural geography" for classes of the natural-mathematical direction. In addition, the methodological structure of the course " Cultural geography " has been worked out. The article provides an analytical review of the latest sources on the cultural geagraphy in Russian and English.
Keywords: elective course, geography of culture, program, annual plan, methodological structure.
Influence of millennials innovativeness on organization change in the hospitality industry in Naivasha sub-county, Kenya
Authors: Njenga Serah Njoki , Gichuhi David , Koome Peter 
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to determine millennial influence on organization change in the hospitality industry Naivasha sub-county, Kenya. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: determine the influence of millennial innovativeness on organization change. This study used innovation theory. The study will adopt a descriptive survey research design. The current study targets rated hotels in Naivasha. This study targeted 180 respondents the respondents were: 10 Managers, 40 departmental heads from the four departments in the hotels, 10 Millennial and 120 supervisors. Employees of these hotels will be the respondents in the study. Data was collected via a self –administered questionnaires and an interview guide. Validity and reliability were ensured by conducting a pilot test in Narok County. Analysis of data comprised descriptive statistics and regression analysis with the help of SPSS. Results indicate that organizational change in the hospitality industry was positively significantly associated with millennial Innovation change in the hospitality industry. From the findings, the researcher concluded that millennials are innovative and easily come up with new ideas further they are proficient in technology and techno-savvy. .
Village Government Efforts in Realizing the Highest National Building Village Index (IDM) in Ngroto Village
Authors: Anggraini Nefa Wahyuning , Sutopo Dhanny Septimawan 
Published: November 2021

Every government program certainly has the support of the local government to the bottom, such as the village government. Likewise, with the Village Building Index (IDM) program, of course, every local government is racing to succeed even, by all means, will try to get achievements from the program. But in the Ngroto Village Government, by carrying out village government functions as usual, by existing rules get achievements as a village with the highest IDM score at the National level in 2018. This research uses qualitative methods with the approach of intrinsic case study Robert K. Yin. Indeed, this approach received a lot of criticism since its emergence because it was considered weak analysis, not objective, and full of bias, but in research not only “why,” but also “how” Ngroto Village Government with its habit got maximum results. With this approach, researchers can explore and elaborate in-depth and comprehensively. The case study wants to know more deeply when the village government is not oriented towards achievement or achievement can become the village government with the highest national score. The village government applies legal regulations such as the implementation of musdes and musdus to filter aspirations and involve the community in planning development programs (participatory). Such efforts continue to be carried out by the village government to achieve achievements and are now a pilot center for other village governments.
Perbedaan pengaruh gaya mengajar dan koordinasi mata tangan kaki terhadap hasil belajar groundstrokes tenis lapangan
Authors: Tantri Afri , Simangunsong Benny Aprial 
Published: November 2021

Arah tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari perbedaan tentang pengaruh gaya mengajar resiprokal dengan gaya mengajar latihan terhadap keterampilan pukulan groundstroke. Sampel adalah mahasiswa yang dibagi dalam kelompok yang menerima gaya mengajar latihan dan resiprokal dengan mempertimbangkan kemampuan koordinasi mata, tangan dan kaki. Penelitian ini menggunakan Factorial Design 2x2. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 118 mahasiswa, sampel penelitian diambil berdasarkan teori Verduci 27% untuk tingkat koordinasi tinggi dan tingkat koordinasi rendah berjumlah 64 mahasiswa. Namun dalam penelitian menggunakan sampel sebanyak 40 mahasiswa. Dilakukan pengetesan koordinasi, mata, tangan dan kaki dengan tes koordinasi mata, tangan dan kaki. Sedangkan kemampuan groundstroke dilakukan dengan test groundstrokes forehand dan backhand. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pengujian dihasilkan gaya mengajar latihan, hasilnya lebih baik dibandingkan dengan gaya mengajar resiprokal. Secara keseluruhan kelompok dengan koordinasi mata, tangan dan kaki tinggi hasilnya lebih baik. Mahasiswa dengan koordinasi tinggi lebih cocok dengan gaya mengajar latihan, kelompok yang memiliki koordinasi rendah lebih cocok dengan gaya mengajar resiprokal. Terdapat interaksi antara gaya mengajar dan koordinasi mata, tangan dan kaki pada hasil belajar keterampilan pukulan groundstrokes.
al-Lughah al-‘Arabīyah ka-Lughah ‘Ālamīyah wa-al-Tanabbu’ ‘an Mustaqbalihā fī al-Mujtama‘ al-Nījīrī
Authors: Kabir Saleh Muhammad , Yunus Idris Ahmad 
Published: November 2021

Since the 20th century AD, Arabic has become a global language used at the United Nations in speaking, making official speeches, issuing documents, and in simultaneous translation into official languages, in addition to being an official language in the Organization of African Unity and other international organizations of the United Nations Africa remained related to Arab trade and civilization centuries before Islam, and when Islam came, the first Arab migration to the African continent was the migration to Abyssinia, and thus the Muslim Arabs found their first home after their homeland in Africa. Islam entered Kanem Borno in the 8th century, and in Kano in the 14th century. As for the western region; the country of Yoruba, reached it in the first half of the 14th century AD according to one saying and the 15th according to another, and the 16th according to a third. As for the eastern region, whose population is mostly Igbo, it was reached by displaced merchants from the two regions: the northern and western. The masters of the Arabic language in Nigeria have made effective efforts to advance the Arabic language, as these efforts herald the splendid independence of the Arabic language in Nigerian society.
Iron Deposition and Ferroptosis in the Spleen in a Murine Model of Acute Radiation Syndrome
Authors: Rittase William B. , Slaven John E. , Muir Jeannie M. , Lee Sang-Ho , Rusnak Milan , Brehm Grace V. , Symes Aviva , Day Regina M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Total body radiation (TBI) can result in death associated with hematopoietic insufficiency. Although radiation causes apoptosis of white blood cells, red blood cells (RBC) undergo hemolysis due to hemoglobin denaturation. RBC lysis post-irradiation results in the release of iron into the plasma, producing a secondary toxic event. We investigated the impact of radiation-induced iron release on the spleen of mice following TBI and the effects of the radiation mitigator captopril. RBC and hematocrit were reduced ~7 days (nadir ~14 days) post-TBI. Prussian blue staining revealed ~20-60-fold increased Fe3+ in the spleen 7-14 days post-irradiation, also associated with altered expression of iron binding and transport proteins, determined by qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Captopril did not prevent iron deposition in the spleen, and did not significantly modulate most iron-binding proteins. Spleen volumes were markedly decreased 7-14 days, correlating with high Fe3+. At these time points, caspase-3 was activated and we identified four markers of ferroptosis, iron-dependent programmed cell death. Interestingly, p21/Waf1, a marker of accelerated senescence, was not upregulated in vivo. Macrophage inflammation is an important effect of TBI. We investigated the effects of radiation and Fe3+ on the cultured J774A.1 murine macrophage cell line. Radiation induced p21/Waf1 and ferritin, but not caspase-3, within 24 h. Radiation ± iron upregulated several markers of pro-inflammatory M1 polarization; radiation with iron also upregulated a marker of anti-inflammatory M2 polarization. Our data indicate that following TBI, iron accumulates in the spleen where it regulates iron binding proteins and triggers ferroptosis.