bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF “CAREER” AND “CAREER STRATEGIES” IN THE WORKS OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC SOCIOLOGISTS
Authors: Kuzmin Viktor Volodymyrovych 
Published: October 2021

Problem setting. The development of society is constant. New technologies require the formation of skills that affect both professional and domestic activities of people. Employers seek to select employees who will be interested in their professional activities, which will contribute to the personal development of the individual and will have a positive impact on the work of the enterprise.
Recent research and publications analysis. In the works of sociologists, the process of self-development of the individual, which contributes to his promotion by professional ladder, is defined as a "career". The analysis of literature sources shows that over time, the interpretation of this concept changes somewhat, acquires new approaches, but its conceptual essence, however, is not definitively defined.
Paper objective. This article aims to define the conceptual meaning of the concepts of “career” and “career strategies” based on the definitions proposed by researchers from different eras.
Paper main body. The analysis allowed to identify two main conceptual approaches to the concept of “career”, according to which the conceptual essence of career is the individual’s desire for professional self-development, which is reflected in his professional activities, on the one hand, and on the other, life - this is a career, so the standard of living and success directly depend on the level of activity of the individual, his desire to develop.
Career strategy is a model of behavior that an individual chooses during professional growth. The literature offers many variations of this definition and classification of models of career strategies, but the most complete and generalized is the classification proposed by E. Shane and the conceptual essence of the concept of “career strategy” is reduced to a conscious choice of behavior by the individual both in the professional sphere and in life in general. Sociological research shows that the model of career strategy is a direct reflection of the behavior and lifestyle of the individual in his professional activities, which affects and determines the rate of career growth.
Conclusions of the research. Analysis of scientific publications and scientific works allows to characterize the term “career”, in a conceptual sense, in two perspectives, the first of which is formed on the basis of definitions proposed by the classics of sociology, and characterizes it as a process of professional growth. and from another point of view, which is defined by both foreign and domestic sociologists of the twentieth century, life is a career, it is a continuous movement in a certain direction of professional and personal growth. “Career strategy”, according to the generalized definitions, is a model of an individual's behavior during his movement up the career ladder, which determines the speed of the individual’s development, the ability to succeed in his career and personal life.
Research on fan vibration fault diagnosis based on image recognition
Authors: Huang Genling , Qiao Lijuan , Khanna Shaweta , Pavlovich Pljonkin Anton , Tiwari Sandeep 
Published: October 2021

The conventional methods for vibration fault detection and diagnosis relies on feature extraction from the waveforms of the vibration signals. This article exploits the scope of image recognition application for the detection and diagnosis of fan vibration faults. In this paper, a novel image recognition technique is proposed for vibration-based fault diagnosis using the spectrum images of the vibration signals. 1D vibration signal spectrum is initially computed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the FFT frequencies are adjusted such that it captures a vibration spectrum diagram as 2D image representation. FFT based vibration analysis is done and the image recognition concept is utilized for feature extraction and a machine learning classification module is used for fault analysis and diagnosis. Effective feature generation is done using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by removing the redundancy from the feature vectors and machine learning classifiers are used to obtain improved image recognition and classification performance. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifier yields better performance in terms of various performance parameters and percentage improvement in terms of accuracy for ANN classification methods over Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbours (kNN) and Random Forest Ensemble (RFE) methods are 10.01 %, 4.51 % and 2.01 % respectively. Comparative scenarios are considered in this work for fan vibration fault detection as well as diagnosis based on the image features for various realistic vibration fault conditions. Effectiveness of the proposed image recognition-based technique is compared with the state-of-the-art methods, justifying its outperformance for fan fault detection and diagnosis using the combination of spectrum adjustment, PCA and ANN classification method.
Ensembled mechanical fault recognition system based on deep learning algorithm
Authors: Liu Yubin , Ding Weiying , Feng Yufen , Guo Yuxiu 
Published: October 2021

Primary detection and removal of mechanical fault is vital for the recovery of mechanical and electrical equipment. The conventional mechanical fault recognition modules are not able obtain highly sensitive feature attributes for mechanical fault classification in the absence of prior knowledge. The fault diagnosis via data-driven methods have become a point of expansion with recent development in smart manufacturing and fault recognition techniques using the concept of deep learning. In this work, a combination of feature selection with Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm is presented for the mechanical fault recognition to deal with smart machine tools. This article proposes a CNN based fault recognition and classification framework that uses the combination of feature extraction, feature vector decomposition using Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and deep neural network (DNN) for recognising the different fault states of the rotating machinery. The experimental outcomes obtained by the combination of EMD, feature selection module and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) provides the detailed fault information by selecting the sensitive features from large number of faulty feature attributes. The proposed fault recognition and classification method performs better in terms of all the parameters yielding 99.01 % accuracy with respective cross-entropy loss of 0.325 and time complexity of 18 mins and 31 seconds. The comparative analysis is also done with other mainstream models and other state of the art methods, which reveals that the maximum improvement of 12.29 % is attained in terms of accuracy for the proposed fault recognition method. The presented method is robust in terms of reduction of network size, improvement of mechanical fault recognition, providing classification accuracy along with high fault diagnostic solution.
Use of Mobile Apps for Visual Acuity Assessment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Suo Lingge , Ke Xianghan , Zhang Di , Qin Xuejiao , Chen Xuhao , Hong Ying , Dai Wanwei , Wu Defu , Zhang Chun , Zhang Dongsong 
Published: October 2021

Background
Vision impairments (VIs) and blindness are major global public health issues. A visual acuity (VA) test is one of the most crucial standard psychophysical tests of visual function and has been widely used in a broad range of health care domains, especially in many clinical settings. In recent years, there has been increasing research on mobile app–based VA assessment designed to allow people to test their VA at any time and any location.

Objective
The goal of the review was to assess the accuracy and reliability of using mobile VA measurement apps.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for relevant articles on mobile apps for VA assessment published between January 1, 2008, and July 1, 2020. Two researchers independently inspected and selected relevant studies. Eventually, we included 22 studies that assessed tablet or smartphone apps for VA measurement. We then analyzed sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the 6 papers we found through a meta-analysis.

Results
Most of the 22 selected studies can be considered of high quality based on the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies–2. In a meta-analysis of 6 studies involving 24,284 participants, we categorized the studies based on the age groups of the study participants (ie, aged 3-5 years, aged 6-22 years, and aged 55 years and older), examiner (ie, professional and nonprofessional examiners), and the type of mobile devices (ie, smartphone, iPad). In the group aged 3 to 5 years, the pooled sensitivity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.87 (95% CI 0.79-0.93; P=.39), and the pooled specificity was 0.78 (95% CI 0.70-0.85; P=.37). In the group aged 6 to 22 years, the pooled sensitivity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.86 (95% CI 0.84-0.87; P<.001), and the pooled specificity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.91 (95% CI 0.90-0.91; P=.27). In the group aged 55 years and older, the pooled sensitivity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.85 (95% CI 0.55-0.98), and the pooled specificity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.98 (95% CI 0.95-0.99). We found that the nonprofessional examiner group (AUC 0.93) had higher accuracy than the professional examiner group (AUC 0.87). In the iPad-based group, the pooled sensitivity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.86, and the pooled specificity was 0.79. In the smartphone-based group, the pooled sensitivity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.86 (P<.001), and the pooled specificity for VA app tests versus clinical VA tests was 0.91 (P<.001).

Conclusions
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive review of the research on existing mobile apps for VA tests to investigate their diagnostic value and limitations. Evidence gained from this study suggests that mobile app–based VA tests can be useful for on-demand VI detection.
IMMUNOMODULATOR ACTIVITY OF MANGIFERIN FROM MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA L.) IN CANCER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: AYUNI LUBAKISAR YACHI QURRATA , FAUZIAH FITRA , BELLATASIE REZLIE 
Published: October 2021

Cancer is a disease that is causing an increase in mortality all over the world. Cancer treatment is expensive and has a variety of side effects. Natural compound treatment is an attempt to reduce the side effects of cancer therapy. Mangiferin is a natural compound with anticancer and immunomodulatory activity. The immunomodulatory activity of mangiferin from mango (Mangifera indica L.) in cancer was discussed in this article.
The literature used in this review was obtained from several databases, including the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and the Wiley Online Library, for articles published over the last ten years.
Mangiferin influenced anticancer activity by inhibiting NF-κB, affects the regulation of -catenin, EMT, MMP2, MMP9, LDH, NO, ROS, and inhibits classical macrophages activation.
Mangiferin has an immunomodulatory effect that can be developed as a candidate drug for anticancer therapy.
Building the Symbolic Space of the Political World Map in Russian Collective Consciousness
Authors: Smul'kina Natal'ya 
Published: October 2021

The paper describes the major models of building symbolic spaces of the world maps in the Russian collective consciousness and provides the classification of the factors to build symbolic representations. The author considers the potential risks associated with shaping unfavourable symbolic outlines in the representations of the political world map with respect to each model. Risks were primarily related to the negative impact of anxiety on the level of collective attitudes; the symbolic voidness of images of certain countries; negative attitudes towards the international order; the conflicted or, conversely, idealized viewpoint on the entire international (foreign) affairs; the transformation of russocentrism into the image of confrontation between ‘us’ and ‘them’ in the context of the insufficiently built national-state identity and passive dissatisfaction; the stereotyped, often cognitively shallow and ‘mosaic’ perception of own country by Russian youth.
The symbolic ideas of both possible and desirable international trends in Russian collective consciousness can be described as fragmented, which can probably be due to the inadequate completeness of the symbolic space of the political world map. The vague ideas by Russians regarding the country’s place in the world and its possible behaviour strategies in international politics make foreign policy perception hypersensitive and dependent primarily on stereotypes and the media’s informational agenda, which is also a risk.
Following the study outcomes, a set of socio-political mechanisms and measures that can prevent and minimize the identified challenges and the risks was proposed. The need to frame an elaborate and consistent information policy (through media, cultural, educational and youth policy, educational system, non-profit institutions) aimed at minimizing the symbolic voidness of the world map perceived by Russian citizens, at building the national-state identity and forming symbolically complete images of own territory and those of other countries as well as at systematic and adequate informing citizens about current international events and contacts through dialogs is of major importance.
LA DISLEXIA: BASES TEÓRICAS PARA UNA PRÁCTICA EFICIENTE
Authors: Carillo Marisol 
Published: September 2021

(N. de la Ed.) Conferencia dictada por la Prof. Dra. Marisol Carrillo el 20 de junio de 2012 en el marco de las actividades de los programas de Maestría en Psicología Educacional y de Postgrado de Especialización en Psicología Educacional (revisada por la autora). Profesora invitada por el Departamento de Psicología del Desarrollo y Educación, de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Católica del Uruguay.
An Exploratory Study of a Novel Approach to Improve Readiness for a Rural Family Medicine Residency
Authors: Smith Dwight , Wirsing Nellie , Hollander-Rodriguez Joyce C. , Bumsted Tracy , Wiser Eric , Weyler Jessica , Cranor Lily , Carney Patricia A. 
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives: Transitioning from medical school to residency is challenging, especially in rural training programs where a comprehensive scope of practice is needed to address rural health disparities. Oregon Health &amp; Science University partnered with Cascades East Family Medicine Residency in Klamath Falls, Oregon to create an integrated fourth-year medical student experience (Oregon Family medicine Integrated Rural Student Training (Oregon FIRST). Participants may then enter this residency to complete their training with the intention to practice in rural underresourced settings.
Methods: In this exploratory study, we conducted key informant interviews with 9 of ten Oregon FIRST participants to determine how Oregon FIRST contributed both to their readiness for residency training and their choice to practice in rural underserved locations. Interviews were conducted between June 10, 2020 and July 8, 2020. We analyzed field notes taken during interviews for emergent themes using classical content analysis.
Results: Emergent themes included logistical ease, relationship development, key curricular elements, and commitment to rural practice. Overwhelmingly, Oregon FIRST participants reported the experience had many challenging and demanding components because they served as subinterns for their entire fourth year of medical school, but this prepared them very well for internship. When asked if they would choose to enroll in Oregon FIRST again, given what they now know about physician training and patient care, all nine (100%) said they would.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Oregon FIRST students felt better prepared for the rigors of residency and are committed to practicing in rural areas.
Financial Statement Disaggregation and Auditor Effort
Authors: Beck Matthew J. , Glendening Matthew , Hogan Chris E. 
Published: October 2021

SUMMARY
We examine the consequences of firms' disaggregation choices for auditor effort and audited financial statements. We document a significant positive association between disaggregation and audit fees, our proxy for auditor effort. Using separate measures of disaggregation of smaller line items versus larger, obviously material, line items, we provide evidence that one of the avenues through which disaggregation may increase auditor effort is through changes in auditors' assessments of materiality for smaller line items, especially when financial statement scrutiny is high. We also find disaggregation (and the audit fees associated with disaggregation) constrain the ability of managers to manipulate earnings in the audited financial statements compared to the unaudited financial statements, suggesting the fee response to disaggregation is due to auditor effort. Last, we provide evidence that our results are not fully explained by client litigation risk or other client attributes driving disaggregation choices.
JEL Classifications: M41; M42.
Corporate Innovation and the Auditor's Assessment of Going Concern
Authors: Guo Feng (Jason) , Masli Adi , Xu Yang , Zhang Joseph H. 
Published: October 2021

SYNOPSIS
In this study, we examine whether external auditors assess corporate innovation activities when considering a financially distressed client's ability to continue as a going concern. Using patent count, patent market value, and patent citation to measure the firm-level innovation output, we document that higher quantity and quality of innovation activities are associated with a lower likelihood of going concern opinions. The association between innovation and going concern opinions is more pronounced for audit offices with high exposure to corporate innovation and clients operating in R&D-intensive industries. In additional analyses, we confirm that innovation is associated with future business value, as measured by future profitability and intellectual property licensing agreements. We conclude that corporate innovation represents a mitigating factor when auditors consider whether a going concern opinion is appropriate for a financially distressed client.
Data Availability: All data are available from public databases identified in the paper.
JEL Classifications: M41; M42; O32.
The Joint Effect of Presentation Format and Disclosure Balance on Investors' Reactions to Sensitivity Disclosures of Hedging Instruments
Authors: Liu Wenhuan , Tan Hun-Tong , Xu Tu , Zhang Jixun 
Published: October 2021

SYNOPSIS
Derivative-related risk disclosure has been a key issue in accounting regulation and research, and sensitivity analysis is the most popular form of quantitative derivative-related disclosure. In an experiment, we find that, relative to disclosing potential losses only, disclosing both potential gains and potential losses associated with hedged items and derivatives leads to favorable investor reactions when information about net risk after hedging is omitted from the disclosure, but not when net risk is shown. We further show that disclosing net risk in addition to hedged-item and derivative risks is as effective at lowering investors' risk perceptions as disclosing potential gains. Finally, we demonstrate that disclosing net risk and disclosing potential gains affect investors' judgments through different mechanisms. Our results have important implications for investors, managers, and regulators.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Contracting with Controllable Risk
Authors: Armstrong Christopher S. , Glaeser Stephen A. , Huang Sterling 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We examine how executives' ability to control their firms' exposure to risk affects the design of their incentive-compensation contracts. Our natural experimental evidence shows that exchange-traded weather derivatives allow executives to control their firms' exposure to weather risk. Once these derivatives became available, those executives who use them to hedge experience relative reductions in their total compensation and equity incentives. The decline in compensation is consistent with a reduction in the risk premium that executives receive for exposure to weather risk. The decline in equity incentives is consistent with the relation between risk and incentives shifting in a complementary direction when executives can better control their firms' exposure to risk. Collectively, our findings provide evidence that executives' ability to control their firms' exposure and, by extension, their own to an important source of risk influences the design of their incentive-compensation contracts.
JEL Classifications: G32; J33; J41.
Analyst Dividend Forecasts and Their Usefulness to Investors
Authors: Bilinski Pawel , Bradshaw Mark T. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
In contrast to the disappearing dividends view prevalent in the literature, we document extensive dividend payments by firms and significant variability within firms and across 16 countries during 2000–2013. We predict that within-firm variability in dividends increases investor demand for forward-looking dividend information, and analysts respond by producing informative dividend forecasts. We find that analyst dividend forecasts are available for most dividend-paying firms and are more prevalent for firms with higher variability of dividends. Analyst dividend forecasts are more accurate than alternative proxies based on extrapolations of past dividends. Finally, dividend forecasts (1) are incrementally useful to investors beyond information in other fundamentals, such as earnings and cash flow forecasts, (2) help investors interpret earnings quality, and (3) are associated with investors' portfolio allocation decisions.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Law Firms as Tax Planning Service Providers
Authors: Acito Andrew A. , Nessa Michelle 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
We provide large sample evidence of law firms facilitating U.S. publicly traded companies' tax planning, investigate when evidence of law firm involvement is strongest, and examine some tax planning mechanisms law firms facilitate. Because companies' tax planning relationships with law firms are not publicly observable, we use litigation filings and SEC comment letters to identify companies' observable law firm relationships. We find a positive association between companies' tax planning and the average tax planning of other companies that have a relationship with the same law firm. This association is stronger for companies that are smaller, younger, R&D-intensive, financially constrained, and facing less capital market pressure, but does not vary with auditor-provided tax services. We also find evidence consistent with law firms facilitating the use of tax havens, Double Irish structures, and special purpose entities. Our findings deepen our understanding of companies' tax planning ecosystems.