bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological signs of retinal cone remodeling in geographic atrophy of the pigment epithelium in patients with non-exudative age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Neroeva N. V. , Zueva M. V. , Neroev V. V. , Tsapenko I. V. , Ryabina M. V. , Losanova O. A. , Katargina L. A. 
Published: September 2021

Testing patients with primary geographic atrophy (GA) requires a multimodal approach and identification of functional biomarkers characterizing retinal structural remodeling.Purpose: to identify the changes in the functional activity of the retinal cone system, which may serve as biomarkers of primary GA in non-exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Material and methods. We tested 22 patients (30 eyes) aged 45–83 (ave. 72.1 ± 10.8 years) with non-exudative AMD and 18 age matched controls (60.2 ± 7.6 years) all of which underwent standard ophthalmological examinations, optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence study, and fundus photography. Standard photopic ERGs, photopic flicker ERGs to stimuli with frequencies of 8.3, 10, 12, and 24 Hz, multifocal ERG (mfERG), and electrooculogram (EOG) were recorded.Results. Electroretinographic signs for GA of retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillary layer atrophy were described. The results confirm early impairment of the activity of cones in GA and weakening of the functional interaction of M ller cells with the cone bipolar cells. The delayed P1 peak latency of mfERG indicates a decrease in the entire central retina function in non-exudative AMD. A selective reduction in the fovea's mfERG magnitude can serve as a biomarker of primary GA. The spread of the P1 anomaly to adjacent rings may indicate a possible risk of disease progression. A decrease in the dark trough on the EOG and an increase in the Arden ratio can serve as a biomarker of primary GA.Conclusion. We determined electrophysiological signs which can serve as markers of early retinal dysfunction in eyes with primary GA and non-exudative AMD.
The changes of functional, structural and hemodynamic parameters of the optic disc in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and diabetes mellitus in long-term follow-up
Authors: Fursova A. Zh. , Gamza Ju. A. , Gusarevich O. G. , Derbeneva A. S. , Vasil’eva M. A. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: to study the long-term changes of functional, structural, and hemodynamic parameters of the optic nerve in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) accompanied by diabetes mellitus (DM).Material and methods. The study involved 258 patients (258 eyes), which were divided into five groups: 1st group — 58 patients with stage I POAG and DM; 2nd group — 50 patients (50 eyes) with stage I POAG; 3rd — 50 patients with stage III POAG and DM; 4th — 50 patients with stage III POAG; 5th — 50 patients with DM. In addition to a complete ophthalmological examination, the patients underwent spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography of the optic nerve head and macula. The observation period was 24 months.Results. The worst decrease in maximally corrected visual acuity was noted in patients with DM + POAG (groups 1 and 3): in 1 year of observation — stage I — 10.29%, stage III — 7.32 %, in control groups with isolated POAG stages I and III, 1.15 and 2.04%, respectively, in patients with DM, 1.39%; in 2nd year — 14.71 and 14.63% with a comorbid course of the disease and 1.15 and 4.08% in the absence of DM, respectively. The MD index in the group DM + POAG stage I after 12 months was significantly lower compared to patients with stage I POAG (by 5.05%), after 24 months by 12.12, 0.34 and 1.69%, respectively (p £ 0.05). The groups of comorbid patients showed lower average thickness levels of the retinal nerve fibers layer than in the control groups: 78.81 ± 11.39 μm at stage I and 63.08 ± 10.32 μm at stage III. A similar pattern was noted for the thickness of the neuroretinal rim and its areas as well indicators of the optic disc excavation (volume and c/d ratio).No significant difference was noted in the density of the optic nerve disc perfusion in stages I and III POAG with DM against the respective control groups during the first visit, but we noted a significantly lower vascular density in patients with the initial stage of POAG and DM (0.39 ± 0.04 / mm) than in patients with isolated glaucoma (0.42 ± 0.03 / mm). As the disease progressed, there was a further significant decrease in the average indicators of optic nerve disc perfusion and vascular density (group 3: 39.17 ± 3.43% and 0.33 ± 0.03 / mm).Conclusion. The study of the changes of visual, functional, structural and hemodynamic parameters of the optic nerve showed a faster rate of progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy if accompanied with DM.
Central serous chorioretinopathy in uveitis patients after corticosteroid therapy: a report of 6 cases
Authors: Skvortsova N. A. , Papasavvas I. , Herbort Jr C. P. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose. To report central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) in uveitis patients.Material and methods. A retrospective chart review of uveitis patients seen in a time frame of 20 years at the Centre for Ophthalmic Specialised Care, Lausanne, Switzerland. The ophthalmic and systemic features are presented.Results. Out of 1793 uveitis patients followed at the Centre for Ophthalmic Specialised Care, 6 patients (0.3%) developed CSСR following corticosteroid therapy due to uveitis. The mean age of patients was 40 ± 13.4 years, disease incidence was not associated with gender. In all 6 patients’ clinical disease was unilateral but subclinical signs were present in all fellow eyes. The mean duration of corticosteroid therapy before CSCR had occurred was 4.95 ± 4.0 months. The mean best-corrected visual acuity at the moment of CSCR was 0.6 ± 0.26 and 0.8 ± 0.17 after discontinuation of corticosteroids. Neurosensory retinal detachment and pigment epithelium detachment were observed in 3 eyes, respectively. During fluorescein angiography (FA), focal dye leakage and areas of alteration of RPE were observed in 6 out of 10 eyes. Diffuse hyperfluorescence of choroidal vessels observed by ICGA was detected in all eyes.Conclusion. Central serous chorioretinopathy should be suspected when functional and morphological deterioration occurs in uveitis patients receiving corticosteroid therapy with no signs of inflammation reactivation. This complication is extremely rare but serious condition which needs a prompt tapering and discontinuing of corticosteroids.
Rudra Mahāvīra: Vrātya Elements in the Vedic Pravargya-Complex
Authors: Edholm Kristoffer 
Published: September 2021

The article looks at the Vedic pravargya ritual and associated mythology in light of recent studies on the ancient Indian vrātyas, consecrated warriors who were thought to impersonate the deities Rudra, Indra, the Maruts, and the Aśvins (also known as Rudras). It is argued that vrātya elements in pravargya include Rudra as Mahāvīra (a heroic character, also an epithet of the vessel containing the offering), the sattra (collective ritual) setting of the paradigm myth, the motif of the unstrung bow, the minimal presence of females in pravargya, and divinisation of man as a goal of the ritual. The superhuman status attributed to the Mahāvīra is comparable with that of Atharvavedic characters like the vrātya and the brahmacārin (celibate student); the affinity between these figures may be derived from a common ascetic ideology, the roots of which some are to be sought in the warrior society.
Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Young Male with Ankylosing Spondylitis – Case Presentation
Authors: Mihaela Ionescu , Paris Ionescu , Luminița Peniu , Cristina Șuța Victoria , Irinel-Raluca Parepa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular risk scores are useful in early detecting and, most important, early correcting the cardiovascular risk factors in order to prevent the cardiovascular disease, but the most commonly used charts have essential limitations when applied to young adults.
We present the case of a 39-year-old man, known with HLA-B27-positive ankylosing spondylitis for 15 years, treated only with nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drugs, without any traditional cardiovascular risk factors, who was diagnosed with severe coronary artery disease, sub-occlusion in the proximal and mid-segment of the left anterior descending artery, which required emergency percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent implantation. In this case report we aim to highlight the necessity of considering other parameters such as C-reactive protein levels or carotid plaques when estimating the risk of developing a cardiovascular disease, especially in young adults diagnosed with chronic inflammatory disease.
Vicios Appendix Position Clinical Case
Authors: Ionut-Eduard Iordache , Razvan Popescu , Liliana Steriu , Gabriela Baltatescu , Denisa Mircea , Nicoleta Leopa , Anca Mitroi , Dan Costea 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present a rare, particular case of intestinal anatomy, intraoperatively evidenced as a vicious position of intestine determined by nonrotation of primary intestinal loop.
A New Quasi Open Loop Synchronization Technique for Grid-Connected Applications
Authors: Chedjara Zakaria , Massoum Ahmed , Wira Patrice , Safa Ahmed , Gouichiche Abdelmadjid 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an effective quasi open-loop (QOLS) synchronization technique for grid -connected power converters that is organized in two different blocks. The first block is a new flexible technique for extracting the positive and negative sequence voltage under unbalanced and distorted conditions. It is a decoupled double self-tuning filter (DD-STF) or multiple self-tuning filters (M-STF) according to the conditions. The main advantages of this technique are its simple structure and the fact of being able to work under highly distorted conditions. Each harmonic is separately treated and this allows for selective compensation in active filter applications. The second block is the frequency detector; we propose a neural approach based on an ADALINE for online adaptation of the cut-off frequency of the DD-STF and M-STF considering a possible variation in the main frequency. The main advantage of this method is its immunity to the voltage signal amplitude and phase. In order to improve the performance of the frequency estimation under distorted source voltage, a pre-filtering stage is introduced. Experimental tests validate the proposed method and illustrate all its interesting features. Results show high performance and robustness of the method under low voltage ride through.
A Hybrid Routing Approach Using Two Searching Layers
Authors: Koca Gonca Ozmen , Yetkin Seda 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper considers SUB_GOALs by using basic A* algorithm and Subgoal Graphs in a hybrid approach to execute optimal route. SUB_GOALs identified with pre-searching from basic A* at break points and Subgoal Graphs at corners of obstacles are added to SUB_TABLE to expedite the final searching in the hybrid approach. Map to work on is divided to subregions with decision-making process by using line-of-sight to avoid redundant searching. In the final searching layer, all feasible SUB_GOALs gained from decision-making process in the same subregion are connected to find final solutions of routes. Solutions achieved in the divided subregions are evaluated and combined to discover the final optimal route. The proposed hybrid approach is applied to three different scenarios in various dimensions of maps. In these three scenarios, the shortest route without hitting obstacles is calculated as 46.67, 57.76 and 124.7 units, respectively, and compared with other search algorithms. Simulation results of route planning are demonstrated to exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid approach.
Tumor-induced osteomalacia – a mystery illness beyond aches, pains, and depression
Authors: Ni Huajing (Jing) , Clifton-Bligh Roderick , Brzozowska Malgorzata Monika 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective. Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by chronic hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia. We present case of a patient with a protracted clinical course of TIO. TIO profoundly affected every aspect of his life with subsequent profound physical and psychosocial disabilities.

Method. The review of a complex clinical presentation, serial laboratory investigations, and imaging modalities of a patient with TIO caused by a mesenchymal tumor.

Results. The patient presented with chronic lower back pain, severe bilateral leg weakness, and multiple pathological fractures due to severe osteoporosis. His investigations revealed hypophosphatemia, low 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, phosphaturia and normal serum calcium, and parathyroid hormone. Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) confirmed the diagnosis of TIO and 68Ga-DOTATATE-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging correctly identified a tumor in the left femoral head. His clinical features and biochemical abnormalities promptly recovered after successful surgical resection of the mesenchymal tumor.

Conclusion. The present case demonstrated the need to extensively investigate causes of generalized bone pain in patients with hypophosphatemia, as TIO is highly curable. Importantly, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging successfully identified the FGF23 producing tumor, which was undetectable by conventional imaging, favoring its early use in suspected TIO presentation. The present report highlights the importance of timely diagnosis of this complex medical condition, aiming to improve general awareness and enable better clinical outcomes for this rare disorder.
Legitimisation of Social Economy Entities: Theoretical Framework for Analysis in Polish Conditions
Authors: Marzec Małgorzata 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
In the literature one can find studies on the legitimacy of the political system or institutions (organs) of power. There are no studies on legitimacy from the point of view of social economy entities. Social perception is a factor that influences the success of social economy entities.

Research aims
The author set out to adapt the conceptual (semantic) apparatus to the analysis of legitimacy in relation to institutions operating in the social economy sector.

Methodology
The article has a theoretical character and presents the importance of the concept of legitimacy in the environment of social entrepreneurship (conceptual paper). The thesis the author will try to prove is that legitimisation of social economy entities is an essential element of the functioning of the social sector. The analysis was made on the basis of Polish conditions.

Findings
The analysis of planes and factors shaping the legitimacy of social economy entities seems interesting. Summarising the results of the research, it can be seen that the category of legitimacy, combined with the acceptance and legal validation of the activities of individual entities, as well as the entire social economy system, can be useful.
Atomic Force Microscopy Applied to Atopic Dermatitis Study
Authors: Ţîrcă Simona Maria , Ţîrcă Ion , Ciontea Marius Sorin , Mihălţan Florin Dumitru 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD)-the commonest inflammatory skin disease affects up to 25% of children and 2% to 5% of adults. Methods of the diagnostic provide expanded recommendations founded on available evidence. Morphological evaluation remains a principal feature of clinical investigation and the main criteria of diagnosis.

Methods. We collected normal and affected skin from a 6-month child patient who was diagnosed through dermatologic examination. Clinical characteristics and the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis were in accordance with Hanifin and Rajka criteria. Morphology and structural integrity were investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy.

Results. Optical and topography images indicate that in the case of AD skin lesions the cuticle structure was severely damaged and distorted with the flattening and grading of the plates, which have an irregular appearance. From the surface morphologies of the samples, we demonstrate that the shape of the corneocytes, with granular and elongated appearance, specific to normal skin is transformed by AD into broken and collapsed plates with discontinuous appearance.

Conclusions. In the initial diagnosis of AD changes of the skin properties can be an indicator. Hanifin and Rajka criteria together with Atomic Force Microscopy can be a useful and necessary technique diagnosing cases of atopic dermatitis.
Challenges in the Diagnosis of a Case of Granulomatosis with Polyangeitis
Authors: Anghel Daniela , Hoinoiu Elena-Mădălina , Iachim Victoria , Vasilescu Florentina , Bursuc Raluca-Anca , Busuioc Elena , Smedescu Valerius , Jurcuţ Ciprian Viorel , Pleșa Cristina-Florentina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a multisystem disease characterized by a necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis, typically associated with the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. The lung is the most common organ involved in comparison to other vasculitis, but in the case presented by us the onset is otorhinolaryngology field, with a multitude of symptoms and immunological tests are initially negative. Over time, immunological tests become positive, but all this leading to a delay in diagnosis by 4 years and of course to a delay in treatment. In this paper we emphasize the usefulness of biopsy for diagnosis and use of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies to classify the disease.
The Importance of Multidisciplinary Cardio-Oncology Team in the Breast Cancer Treatment with Anthracyclines
Authors: Pricope Diana-Lavinia , Mitu Florin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The anthracyclines, represented by Doxorubicin, Epirubicin or Idarubicin, are paramount in Oncology due to their antitumoral efficacy in a multitude of solid cancers, making them essential in breast cancer treatment. The biggest disadvantage of anthracyclines, cardiotoxicity, happens as a direct effect of the oncologic treatment on the anatomy and the physiology of the heart and acts also as an element which advances pre-existent cardiovascular disease(2).
We are presenting the case of a 51-year-old lady, clinically, with imagistic and biopsy diagnosis of breast cancer cT3N3M0, negative HR, HER 2neu-3+, that was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of anthracyclines and biological therapy with Herceptin (Trastuzumab – monoclonal humanized IgG1 antibodies, administered in HER2 + breast cancer).
By cumulating the current clinical data with the therapeutic challenges of the anthracyclines (antitumoral effect vs cardiotoxicity), we are trying to encourage the multidisciplinary approach (oncology and cardiology), in order to reach the best therapeutic decision for each patient.
Wideband monopole antenna with dual band rejection characteristics
Authors: Bala Susmita , Reddy P. Soni , Sarkar Sushanta , Sarkar Partha Pratim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A wideband printed monopole antenna with two rejection bands is proposed in this article. The antenna provides a wideband from 5.4 GHz to 17.2 GHz with two rejection bands covering 6.9 to 7.4 GHz and 8.3 to 9.2 GHz with two peak notch frequencies of 7.2 GHz and 8.6 GHz respectively. Tested peak gain at two peak notch frequencies of 7.2 GHz and 8.6 GHz are 2.5 dBi and −1.5 dBi respectively. These two rejection bands are effectively used to avoid undesired intrusion from the C band and the X band. The lower rejection band has been realized by cutting an open ring circular slot on the metal patch whereas U like slot has been inserted on the ground plane just beneath the feed line to achieve the upper rejection band. Simulated and tested S
11 parameter, gain, radiation efficiency, E-H radiation patterns, and surface currents of the antenna are presented here. The antenna uses small dimensions and it is very simple to design. The proposed antenna confirms that it is useful for short-range and fast data communication systems.
Combination of HP and LP filters for narrow band antialiasing filter
Authors: Brtník Bohumil 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The discrete time signal processing requires an anti-aliasing filter at the input and a reconstruction filter at output. Some filters of biquads structure are characterized by a decreasing of the attenuation at high frequencies, caused by the final value of the output resistance of the operational amplifier. In this paper we discuss a design of combined BP filter without mentioned decrease. The proposed filter structure was verified by SPICE simulation.
PUBLIC ORDER AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE POLICE
Authors: Лыков Эдуард Николаевич 
Published: September 2021

Реконструируется генеалогия полиции в истории европейской мысли. Отмечается, что своим появлением полиция обязана существенным сдвигам, как институциональным, так и иным, произошедшим в Европе периода Нового времени. Полиция возникает как институт национального государства, в противовес институтам и практикам обеспечения безопасности феодального общества. Национальное государство и присущие ему практики управления и контроля насилия нуждались в инструменте для обеспечения порядка, репрезентирующем всех граждан. В логике отношений с Другим это проявляется в упорядочивании, которое возможно только в отношении такого Другого, который предстает и понимается как универсальный Субъект, субъект права, а также жертва.
The article reconstructs the genealogy of the police in the history of European thought. It is noted that the police owe their appearance to significant changes, both institutional and otherwise, that occurred in Europe during the modern period. The police emerge as an institution of the nation state, as opposed to the institutions and practices of ensuring the security of a feudal society. The nation-state and its inherent practices of managing and controlling violence needed an instrument to enforce order that would represent all citizens. In the logic of relations with the Other, this manifests itself in yorderliness, which is possible only in relation to such an Other, who appears and is understood as a universal Subject, a subject of law, and also a victim.
MAIN CATEGORIES OF NEO-CONFUCIANIZM AND LEIBNIZ’S MONADOLOGY
Authors: Фролова Ирина Алексеевна 
Published: September 2021

Лейбниц был основателем Академии наук в Берлине, выдающимся математиком и человеком глубоких знаний и широких взглядов. Он стал одним из лучших знатоков китайской философии в Европе. Это произошло потому, что он помогал христианским миссионерам, которые жили в Китае, интерпретировать философские китайские тексты. Но возникает вопрос: можем ли мы сказать, что идеи неоконфуцианства в какой-то степени повлияли на философию Лейбница? Статья предлагает размышления на эту тему.
Leibniz was the founder of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin, outstanding mathematician and man of deep knowledge and broad views. He became one of the best experts in Chinese philosophy in Europe. It happened because he helped Christian missionaries, who were living in China, to interpret Chinese philosophical texts. But the question arises: can we say, that the ideas of neo-Confucianism to some extend influenced Leibniz’s philosophy? The article offers reasoning on this topic.