bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A coral reef health study and its problem in Leti, Moa and Wetar Island, Mollucas Province
Authors: Pelasula D D , Alik R , Ruli F , Hukom F D , La Pay  , Hehuat J 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A study on coral reefs status was conducted on the island of Wetar, Leti, and Moa of Southwest Maluku District. Nine stations were assigned as sampling stations to analyze the coral reefs’ condition of these three islands. The Underwater Photo Transect method was applied to analyze the percentage of biotic and abiotic components of coral reef communities with Coral Point Count Excel (CPCe) software, whilst the underwater visual census for reef fish data. Coral reef health indices were determined based on benthic lifeform components and reef fish biomass. Our findings showed that the coral cover in Wetar, Moa, and Letti island consists of 124 species that belong to 44 genera and 15 families of hard coral. The condition of coral reefs was considered at category 3 due to the high percentage of coral cover that range between 20.85 – 71.55 % with an average of 42.87 %. The average biomass of target fish in the waters of Wetar, Letti, Moa, and its surrounding areas was 129.309 g/m2 or 3,694 kg/ha. The Kaiwatu site (BWI03) was recorded to have the highest biomass of 305,487 g/m2 or 8,728 kg/ha and the lowest was the Klis site ((BWI 08) with a value of 1285 g/m2 or 36,70 kg/ha. The coral reef health index values of nine study sites ranged between grade 5 and 10, of which two locations got a score of 10 (very good) categories, five locations got a good category and two locations got a low score. The overall results indicate that the coral reef is in a healthy condition, yet, the use of non-environmental friendly fishing gears partly damages coral reef beds.
Size, spatial distribution and potential of anchovy in Inner Ambon Bay
Authors: Latumeten J , Latumeten V D V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Inner Ambon Bay is a small pelagic fish fishing ground, especially anchovy. Anchovy plays important role in the skipjack fishery as live bait in Ambon city. Nevertheless, research for its resource management is rarely done. The aim of the research is to obtain information of population size, spatial distribution of densities and Maximum Sustainable Yield of anchovy. Densities data of fish were obtained using hydro acoustics device at six parallel transect lines and one cross parallel transect line in October 2015. Three fish species caught by beach seine, comprise Encrasicholina heteroloba (96.3%), Sardinella spp.(2.8%) and Rastrelliger spp.(0.9%). Mean value of total length of E. heteroloba was 5.30 cm shorter than the length of same fish noted in October 2005 was 5.48cm. Spatial distribution of anchovy densities shows that low density (0-2 fish/m2) occupy wider space, evenly distributed in north, east, and south of the bay. The fish density of 2-4 fish/m2 were in small groups occupy smaller space distributed in the middle to west of the bay. The density 4–6 fish/m2 to high density 28–30 fish/m2 occupy only very small space in the west near bay mouth. Maximum sustainable yield of anchovy in inner Ambon Bay was estimated 6.9±4.3 tons.
Variability of chlorophyll-a concentration relation to fish catch of Indian mackerel in West Halmahera waters
Authors: Tangke U , Laisouw R , Umagap W A , Darmawaty  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The presence of chlorophyll-a is an indicator of water fertility, where the high chlorophyll-a content will be followed by the presence of zooplankton which will then affect other aquatic organisms that form the food chain. The interaction of chlorophyll-a concentration on the presence of mackerel in West Halmahera waters is unknown, so this study was carried out with the aim of examining the relationship between chlorophyll-a concentration in West Halmahera waters and mackerel catch. The use of experimental fishing methods from May to July 2020 and non-linear regression analysis and Generalized Additive Model (GAM) are expected to provide an overview of the relationship between the two research variables. The results showed that the distribution of Indian Mackerel was more in coastal areas with a chlorophyll-a concentration distribution of 0.18 - 0.39 mg/m3 which played a major role in determining the variability of the quantitative distribution of mackerel (α < 0.05) and positively correlated with a value of r = 0.819 and these results supported by predictions using GAM, where the potential fishing area for mackerel in West Halmahera waters is at a chlorophyll-a concentration value of aboutb 0.2 - 0.4 mg/m3.
Multispecies selectivity of line fishing towards sustainability
Authors: Hutubessy B.G. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Understanding the selectivity of demersal fish towards different fishing methods is an important contribution to generate fisheries management plan. The purpose of this study is to examine the selectivity of line fishing on reef fishes based on multispecies approached. Coral fishes were caught by hand lines, longlines and trolled lines by fishers from Kotania bay, Maluku-Indonesia. The species and size of fish catch from January 2013 to December 2014 was filled in logbooks. Multispecies selectivity was estimated by the abundance size spectrum according to methods of fishing: handline, longline and trolled line. In total, 30886 reef fishes were collected, representing 147 species and 37 families. By grouping into genus, longline captured 55 genus which selective to genus Epinephelus, Handline caught 54 genus targeting on genus Lethrinus and trolled line caught 24 genus which selective to genus Plectropomus. Size distribution by hook sizes were not normally distributed (P < 0.001). Multispecies approach from multi-gear selectivity analysis resulted that trolled line was the high selective method especially for grouper family. Handline showed equal selectivity among species captured while the selectivity of longline was varied among fish. Fishing method, hook sizes and biodiversity are the important factors affecting multispecies selectivity. Knowledge of multispecies selectivity is important for fisheries management and fishing allocation in supporting balance fishery is recommended to maintain fisheries sustainability.
Risk based framework analysis for sustainable management of mud crab Scylla sp of Kotania Bay, Western Seram, Indonesia
Authors: Tetelepta J M S , Natan Y , Pattikawa J A , Ongkers O T S , Pattisina B 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The mud crab Scylla sp. fishery of Kotania Bay, Western Seram District has been conducted for many years starting from 1980 with almost no management. Mud crab is one of the economic important fish resources from this area. The mud crab is harvested by local fishermen that are classified as artisanal fishermen. The fishermen depend on the mud crab as their source of income. Economic pressure, available market, and no proper fisheries management create the fishery under extensive exploitation. A study on risk potency and stock parameter of mud crab Scylla sp. was conducted from June to August 2019. The objectives of this study were to analyze the risk potency and stock parameters of this fishery. The productivity Susceptibility Analysis (PSA) approach was used to analyze the risk potency of the mud crab, while Schaefer dynamic model was used to analyze stock parameters of the fishery. The result showed that the risk potency from fishing gear towards Scylla sp., bait-fish, and habitat was unconditionally passed according to MSC criteria with a score of 89, 95, and 85 consecutively. The result on stock parameters showed that there is a strong and negative relationship between effort and CPUE (r = 0.8997), the mud crab production has exceeded MSY as a reference point and tends to decrease, whereas average fishing effort was 198 units and already passed the fMSY of 130. All these stock parameters suggested that the mud crab fishery of Kotania Bay was in overfishing condition.
Human resources competencies of worker in small island and coastal area
Authors: Rampisela T P T , Ayal F W 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Appreciation for the value of employees has been raised this decade. This leads to change in organizations that emphasize on the competencies-based management. This paper aims to examine and explain the human resource competencies among people that live in coastal and small island area. It is based on the belief that people in coastal area are separated geographically from main island, therefore slower in adapting for rapid changes nowadays. The use of purposive sampling was employed to obtain the sample which consist of 295 samples from workers in Ambon Island. A quantitative analysis used to describe the potential competencies aspects found in this study. The results indicated that opened to a new experience and emotional stability found prior, while other aspects are still below average.
Grow-out of mud crab crablets, Scylla paramamosain in brackishwater pond with different feeding strategy
Authors: Gunarto  , Herlinah  , Syafaat M N , Sulaeman  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to know the crablet growth and survival rate after cultured in brackishwater pond with different feeding strategy. Nine ponds fenced by black plastic net, each size of 100 m2 and pond water level at 60-80 cm. Crablets (weight size of 1.51+0,15 g/ind) from hatchery stocked at the density of 1 ind./ m2. Chopped trash fish at biomas 3-5% was given to the crablets as feed at every day (A), at every two days (B) and at every three days (C). Each treatment in three replications. At the three months of culture the highest final weight (128.23+21.19 g/ind.) in treatment A, then treatment C (107.04+25.24 g/ind.) and treatment B (95.60+5.79 g/ind.). Treatment A with the highest daily growth rate (1.41+0.1 g/day) and significantly different (P<0.05) with the daily growth rate in treatment B (1.04 +0.06 g/day) and treatment C (1.17+0.09 g/day). The highest survival rate (39.7%) after four months cultured was obtained in treatment B. High salinity attained to 54 ppt in the end of third month of culture was caused the high numbers of mud crab mortality in all treatments.
Amino acid profile of tuna (Thunnus albacores) fish sauce fermented by salt and papain enzyme
Authors: Leiwakabessy J , Sormin R B D , Mailoa M N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fish sauce has been long known as a flavoring by many communities in the world, especially in Asia including Indonesia. Fish sauce’s function is to enhance the food taste and the people’s appetite to eat. The aim of this research was to identify the amino acid profile of tuna (Thunnus albacores) fish sauce obtained through salt and enzyme fermented. The research was carried out by fermenting the fish flesh using 8% of salt and 15% of papain enzyme followed by 6 weeks fermentation process. The result showed that 15 amino acids of fish sauce were identified consists of 9 amino acids essential and 6 amino acids non-essential. The total amount of amino acid found on fish sauce was 10.57%, where the largest part was in the form of glutamate acid 1.82%. It was believed that the source of flavoring in the fish sauce was glutamate acid.
Effect of addition of waste vegetable fermented flour rumen fluid on the quality feed
Authors: Murni  , Anwar A , Hamsah  , Septianingsih E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of fermented vegetable waste flour on the rumen fluid of cows and goats that could improve the quality of feed nutrition. The study used two types of feed containing starch fermented vegetable waste flour and goat flour. The treatments tested were 0 (control), 10, 20, and 30% vegetable waste flour fermented cow rumen fluid (Test feed 1) and 0 (control), 10, 20, and 30% vegetable waste flour fermented goat rumen fluid. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively by comparing various literature. The results of the proximate analysis of amino acids, and test feed fatty acids with the addition of 20% fermented vegetable waste flour in cow rumen fluid showed that the crude protein content was higher, amino acids and fatty acids were higher compared to other treatments. Likewise with the addition of 10% vegetable waste flour fermented goat rumen fluid. The results showed that the crude protein content of feed C (the addition of 20% fermented vegetable rye flour fermented cow rumen fluid) was higher than other test and control feeds. The content of amino acids and fatty acids in the test feed is more optimal based on recommendations. Feed B (addition of 10% goat rumen liquid fermented vegetable waste) obtained 38.33% higher crude protein content, and 4.81% crude fiber. The content of amino acids and fatty acids is more optimal than the control and other test feed. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the addition of 20% fermented vegetable waste flour rumen cow liquid and 10% fermented goat rumen liquid vegetable waste flour can improve the nutritional quality of the test feed.
Analysis of small island environmental carrying capacity in Panggang Island, Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Windupranata W , Rahma A , Chairuniza G , Triargi M , Kusumadewi D , Hayatiningsih I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To support continuity of life, information on the availability of natural resources is needed. Natural resources need in a region must not exceed their availability. Panggang Island is a small island with an area of 13.76 ha and a population density up to 4,388 people in 2019. The land use of the island is intended as a residential area. With a small area and dense population, the ability of the environment to support life in Panggang Island is concerning. This study aims to determine the carrying capacity of water and land in Panggang Island. Water carrying capacity analysis is carried out by comparing the amount of water resource availability with standard water needs. The Thornthwaite Mather method is applied to calculate the water resource availability. Land carrying capacity analysis is based on a comparison of the amount of actual residential land with minimum space requirements of each individual according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 03-1733-2004). The results showed that Panggang Island has a very low carrying capacity for water and land. The water and land carrying capacity index reaches 0.12 and 0.98 respectively. This shows that the demands of residential land and water in Panggang Island are higher than the resources.
Coastal erosion on the north coast of Java: adaptation strategies and coastal management
Authors: Solihuddin T , Husrin S , Salim H L , Kepel T L , Mustikasari E , Heriati A , Ati R N A , Purbani D , Mbay L O N , Indriasari V Y , Berliana B 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Coastal erosion remains a problem for the socio-economic development of the coastal zone in the north coast of Java. This study aims to determine the coastal characteristics, shoreline changes, and adaptation strategies of the north coast of Java through satellite study and on-ground observations. The analysis covers two decadal periods of satellite data starting from 1998 to 2018. The coastal characteristic of the north coast of Java is typified by sandy, muddy, and gravelly coast. At particular coasts have been extensively modified becoming coastal structure buildings. The shoreline changes are characterized by sectors alternating between erosion and accretion, although in general indicating the erosion processses. The conversion of mangrove ecosystems into fish ponds along with an increase of coastal constructions such as groins, jetties, and seawalls may have strong influences on the coastal erosion at the particular coastal environments. Since traditional hard defense methods used so far have had more damaging than protective effects, there is a need now for the use of soft prevention alternatives and for providing new guidelines for coastal management. A set of permeable breakwater measures, in conjunction with sediment managing schemes, are proposed for the sustainable development of the coastal zone.
Integration of marine spatial objects management to support toward sustainable maritime policy development
Authors: Djunarsjah E , Handayani M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Utilization of land and marine potential is an absolute right mandated in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution. One of the efforts to manage land and marine potential includes the integration of the management of land and marine space objects in the context of sustainable maritime development. However, the implementation of management of marine space objects is overlapping in legal, technical, and institution aspects. Based on ownership of rights and their use, marine space objects are not only limited to the fishery and tourism, but also marine structures, cultivation, underwater treasures, underwater cables and pipes, conservation, customary culture, garbage disposal, shipping, energy and mineral resources, renewable resources, and military. This study will determine maritime policy that can provide assurance of legal, technical, and institutional aspects of management especially for marine space objects. It regulates rights, boundaries, management and an integrated maritime information system. The policy includes management of ownership, use and economic value of marine space. Marine space ownership data consists of the subject and marine space objects. Data on the use of marine space consists of characteristics of marine space, marine spatial use planning and monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of marine space utilization. Meanwhile, data on the economic value of marine space includes information related to the marine space assessment system as well as taxation related to marine space.
Mapping of spatial features model in developing marine ecotourism in Waerole and Nusa Telu, Maluku Province, Indonesia
Authors: Ely A J , Retraubun A S W , Sahetapy D , Papilaya R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In the formulation and designation of the ecotourism area, the use of spatial suitability indexes is usually employed. The social, economic, and cultural parameters have almost been ignored in the analysis. These parameters are essential to be included in the development of marine ecotourism to avoid the loss and the impact of these socio-cultural parameters in the development of marine ecotourism. The objective of this research was to construct a conceptual model and thinking perspective and to identify the connectivity of ecology, socio-economy features spatially in designing marine ecotourism areas. Data were collected through observation, participatory mapping, focus group discussion, and interview. Data obtained were then analyzed descriptively and displayed graphically. The conceptual model constructed shows that the marine ecotourism management plan of Waerole and Nuatelu Cape can be categorized into six spatial marine ecotourism explicitly coastal marine e-tourism, snorkeling e-tourism, diving e-tourism, in-shore angling e-tourism, open sea fishing e-tourism, and habitat rehabilitation. The conceptual model for a sustainable management plan for coastal and marine ecotourism suggested the need for holistic and integrated sustainable management comprise of 27 biophysics and socio-economy feature.
Chemical Surface Modification of Oil Palm Fibre: a Case study of developed Oil Palm Fibre-Plastic Composites
Authors: Baffour-Awuah E. , Akinlabi S. A. , Jen T. C. , Okokpujie I. P. , Hassan S. , Ishola F. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Application of chemicals to treat the surface of oil palm fibre could have effects on the characteristics of plastics when oil palm fibre and plastic composites are developed. Identification, sampling, and review of literature relating to oil palm fibre (OPF) chemical surface treatment, vis-avis the formation of OPF-plastic composites were done in this study. Chemicals relating to oil palm fibre surface treatment and their effects on OPF-plastic composite characteristics were analyzed. Some surface chemical modifiers influence specific characteristics of composites positively and better than others, while the same chemical may have influence negatively on other traits. Thus, the degree of effect of chemical treatment of OPF-plastic composite could depend on the interesting characteristics, type of chemical, the quantity of chemical and type of plastic.
Impact of Specific Number of Air to Clinker on Clinker Cooling Process in Grate Coolers in a Cement Plant
Authors: Oyepata J. S. , Akintunde M. A. , Dahunsi O. A. , Yaru S. S. , Idowu E. T. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe impact of specific number of airs to clinker on a clinker cooling process in grate coolers in a cement plant was investigated. Clinker cooling process is a complex process due to the vast number of interacting operating parameters such as: clinker cooler length, ambient temperature, clinker cooler width, clinker cooler drives speed, clinker cooler fan speed, clinker and air mass flow rates, and clinker density and air densities. This research examines heat transfer and multiphase fluid flow analysis as relating to specific number of air to clinker in a clinker cooling system. It employs a physical “dimensionally scaled-down” model. A 3D model of the clinker bed was developed using SolidWorks 2014 based on geometric parameters adopted in the scaled conceptual design after an existing running clinker cooler. The designed model was scaled down by ratio 25:1, that is, existing cooler being twenty-five times higher than the modelled with length 1.3 m, width 0.3 m and variable clinker bed height of 0.3 m, 0.4m and 0.6m as geometric dimensions. Numerical experimentation done involved high temperature clinker entering the clinker cooler from the heating-up furnace (HUF) at 1350 °C, specific numbers of 2.2041 and 1.7959 Nm3/kg clk, air inlet temperature of 32 °C, inlet mass flow rate of air at 0.45 kg/s at clinker 0.15 kg/s. It was observed that at a specific number of 2.2041 Nm3/kg clk at a bed height 0.6 m an optimal energy recoverable efficiency of 70% was recovered into the system and with an improved lower outlet clinker temperature of 68 °C. While, at a specific number of 1.7959 Nm3/kg clk and at a clinker bed height of 0.3 m, the lowest recoverable efficiency of 57.52% was recovered into the modelled clinker cooler and with highest outlet clinker temperature of 168.7 °C. Hence, specific number of airs to clinker also plays a significant role in clinker cooler performance.
Decentralized Electricity Generation Can Revive Nigeria Dying Critical Sectors
Authors: Towoju O.A. , Ishola F. A. , Elomien E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The growth and industrial advancement of any nation are hampered on constant and sufficient electricity supplies, as there exists a correlation between electricity per capita consumption and the standard of living. The manufacturing industries of Nigeria are in a state of comatose, just as research activities in her ivory towers of learning is at a low state because of the epileptic electricity supply. There are approved licenses for electricity generation to the tune of 26,000 MW as of 2015, and the current available capacity is in excess of 6000 MW of the installed generation capacity of about 12,000 MW. An average of about 4000 MW is what get distributed to the populace partly due to the constraints on the transmission and the distribution network, however, the manufacturing industries demand stands in excess of 13,000 MW. Decentralized generation in line with some of the windows of opportunity provided by the National Electric Regulatory Commission will allow for the supply of the excess generated electricity to the manufacturing industries and higher institutions of learning and encourage generation at full capacity and commissioning of new plants with the provision of conducive environment. The country’s moribund industries will certainly come back to life, and newer ones come into play with constant and adequate supply of electricity, and foster research collaboration with our higher institutions with the attendant positive effect on the nation’s economy.