bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact on key indicators of reproductive and child health after changes in program modalities in Sierra Leone, 2019
Authors: Koroma Aminata S. , Kamara Habib I. , Moses Francis , Bah Mariama , Turay Mohamed , Kandeh Abdulai , Kandeh Shekuba , Allieu Henry , Kargbo Anita , MaCauley Anna , Hodges Mary H. , Doledec David 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsIn 2018, the transition to routine vitamin A supplementation (VAS) was integrated with caregivers' preparation of nutritious complementary food from local produce and confidential counseling and provision of modern contraceptives. In 2019, funding for complementary food ceased and Community Health Workers (CHWs) were trained to track defaulters, while national efforts to improve Health Management Information Systems, supply chains and reduce teenage pregnancies were intensified. We report on key indicators after these changes and in comparison, to those previously published.MethodsThe same Lot Quality Assurance Sampling methodology was used in both assessments: 19 villages were randomly selected in each of five lots in each of three districts then caregivers of children 6‐59 months age randomly selected and interviewed.ResultsCoverage of VAS, Albendazole, and Pentavalent 3 before and after these changes was over 80%, 75%, and 80% respectively, equitable by sex, age, caregiver's religion, and educational status. Comparison with 2018 found more lots failed to reach 80% VAS by verbal affirmation (10 vs 2), and coverage in one district (Bo) had dropped (77.5% vs 92.3%). Fewer caregivers were aware that VAS should be taken every 6 months (27% vs 50%), that complementary feeding should start at 6 months (63% vs 77%) or were providing minimal dietary diversity (27% vs 45%). There was an increase in caregivers using modern contraception (45% vs 35%), obtaining information about contraception from a friend (14% vs 9%), while fewer thought country rope/herbs (traditional contraceptives) were “effective” (11% vs 21%) and stockouts of contraceptives at health facilities had dropped (24% vs 55%). Stipends for CHWs cost approximately $750 K vs complementary food: $112 K.ConclusionOverall coverage for VAS, Albendazole, and Pentavalent remained effective but VAS had dropped significantly in one district. Complementary feeding practices had declined. Awareness, uptake, and contraceptives supply chains had improved.
A comparative note on the free convection of micropolar nanofluid due to the interaction of buoyancy and the dissipative heat energy
Authors: Pattnaik Pradyumna K. , Pattnaik Jyotsnarani , Mishra Satya R. , Ali Bagh 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA report is prepared for the free convection of micropolar nanofluid past a continuously moving plate. Free convection of polar fluid is obtained due to the interaction of thermal buoyancy acted against the gravitational force. In addition to that, the novelty of the current investigation is to carry over the coupling impact of the governing equations arises because of the inclusion of dissipative heat energy, and the variation of heat source/sink in the presence of suction/blowing. The governing equations are distorted into their ordinary form by the suitable choice of similarity transformation. Furthermore, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is employed for the solution of the set of transformed equations. The behavior of the contributing parameters is presented via graphs and the comparison between the analytical HPM and the conventional numerical technique using the in‐built code bvp5c is presented in tabular form. The numerical simulation shows its good concurrency between the methodologies employed. In few major outcomes, it is seen that the shear rate enriches with an increase in nanoparticle volume fraction. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer decelerates significantly for the enhanced value of thermal radiation whereas the coupling parameter is favorable for the enhancement.
Influence of Hall current effect on hybrid nanofluid flow over a slender stretching sheet with zero nanoparticle flux
Authors: Das Kalidas , Giri Shib S. , Kundu Prabir K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present article explores steady, incompressible, and electrically conducting viscous hybrid‐nanofluid flow through an impermeable slender stretching sheet. We have opted for water (H2O) as base fluid and two nanoparticles namely Al2O3 and graphene for the hybrid‐nanofluid. The consequence of nonuniform magnetic field and Hall current is accounted for in the flow distribution. Zero mass‐flux boundary conditions have been included here. The leading partial differential equations of the acknowledged model revise to similarity variables. Next, the subsequent equations are numerically solved by a shooting scheme based on Runge–Kutta fourth‐order procedure. The consequences of boosting flow factors on transport systems are achieved accurately through the requisite figures and charts. Concentration outlines are dual in nature when the wall‐thickness factor intensifies. The rate of heat and mass transmit augments with wall‐thickness factor.
Development of strangulation ileus associated with the ureter of the transplanted kidney 18 years after kidney transplantation
Authors: Shimizu Toshihiro , Katano Saki , Nishida Sho , Kinoshita Yoshitaka , Shinzato Takahiro , Sakuma Yasunaru , Iwami Daiki 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionAfter kidney transplantation, patients should be treated with caution and monitored for surgical complications. Among the possible surgical complications, strangulation ileus after kidney transplantation is rare.Case presentationA 59‐year‐old woman who had undergone kidney transplantation at 41 years of age presented to our hospital with lower abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with strangulation ileus and underwent emergency surgery. In the lower right abdomen, the small intestine was compressed by cord‐like tissue running from the intraperitoneal space to the retroperitoneal space. We confirmed that the cord‐like tissue was the ureter of the transplanted kidney. The necrotic small intestine was resected, and ureter‐ureteral anastomosis of the ureter of the transplanted kidney was performed.ConclusionAll surgical procedures, including ureteroneocystostomy, require careful attention. The occurrence of some postoperative surgical complications can be prevented by carefully performing the kidney transplantation procedure.
Polybutylene succinate artificial scaffold for peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Cicero Luca , Licciardi Mariano , Cirincione Roberta , Puleio Roberto , Giammona Gaetano , Giglia Giuseppe , Sardo Pierangelo , Edoardo Vigni Giulio , Cioffi Alessio , Sanfilippo Antonino , Cassata Giovanni 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRegeneration and recovery of nerve tissues are a great challenge for medicine, and positively affect the quality of life of patients. The development of tissue engineering offers a new approach to the problem with the creation of multifunctional artificial scaffolds that act on various levels in the damaged tissue, providing physical and biochemical support for the growth of nerve cells. In this study, the effects of the use of a tubular scaffold made of polybutylene succinate (PBS), surgically positioned at the level of a sciatic nerve injured in rat, between the proximal stump and the distal one, was investigated. Scaffolds characterization was carried out by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray microcomputed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, in vivo. The demonstration of the nerve regeneration was based on the evaluation of electroneurography, measuring the weight of gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles, histological examination of regenerated nerves and observing the recovery of the locomotor activity of animals. The PBS tubular scaffold minimized iatrogenic trauma on the nerve, acting as a directional guide for the regenerating fibers by conveying them toward the distal stump. In this context, neurotrophic and neurotropic factors may accumulate and perform their functions, while invasion by macrophages and scar tissue is hampered.
microRNA‐140‐3p modulates invasiveness, motility, and extracellular matrix adhesion of breast cancer cells by targeting syndecan‐4
Authors: Onyeisi Jessica Oyie Sousa , Greve Burkhard , Espinoza‐Sánchez Nancy Adriana , Kiesel Ludwig , Lopes Carla Cristina , Götte Martin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSyndecan‐4, a predicted target of the microRNA miR‐140‐3p, plays an important role in multiple steps of tumor progression and is the second most abundant heparan sulfate proteoglycan produced by breast carcinoma cell lines. To investigate the potential functional relationship of miR‐140‐3p and syndecan‐4, MDA‐MB‐231, SKBR3, and MCF‐7 breast cancer (BC) cells were transiently transfected with pre‐miR‐140‐3p, syndecan‐4 small interfering RNAJ, or control reagents, respectively. Altered cell behavior was monitored by adhesion, migration, and invasion chamber assays. Moreover, the prognostic value of syndecan‐4 was assessed by Kaplan–Maier Plotter analysis of gene expression data from tumor samples of 4929 patients. High expression of syndecan‐4 was associated with better relapse‐free survival in the whole collective of BC patients, but correlated with a worse survival in the subgroup of estrogen receptor negative and estrogen/progesterone‐receptor negative patients. miR‐140‐3p expression was associated with improved survival irrespective of hormone receptor status. miR‐140‐3p overexpression induced posttranscriptional downregulation of syndecan‐4, as demonstrated by quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR), flow cytometry, and luciferase assays, resulting in decreased BC cell migration and matrigel invasiveness. Furthermore, miR‐140‐3p overexpression and syndecan‐4 silencing increased the adhesion of BC to fibronectin and laminin. qPCR analysis demonstrated that syndecan‐4 silencing leads to altered gene expression of adhesion‐related molecules, such as fibronectin and focal adhesion kinase, as well as in the gene expression of the proinvasive factors matrix metalloproteinase 2 and heparanase (also known as HPSE). We conclude that syndecan‐4 is a novel target of miR‐140‐3p that regulates BC cell invasiveness and cell‐matrix interactions in the tumor microenvironment.
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of new 4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives containing a pyrazole carboxamide moiety
Authors: Wang Xiang , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhou Banghua , Long Jiefeng , Li Pei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA total of 15 new 4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives containing a pyrazole carboxamide moiety were designed and synthesized in this study. The structures of the target compounds were elucidated using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. Then, antifungal activities against Gibberella zeae (G. zeae), Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), Cytospora mandshurica (C. mandshurica), Phytophthora infestans (P. infestans), and Pellicularia sasakii (P. sasakii) as well as antibacterial activities against Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum) and Xanthomomu oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) were assayed. Bioassay results revealed that the target compounds have certain antifungal and antibacterial activities. Especially, compound 5‐chloro‐1,3‐dimethyl‐N‐(2‐(4‐oxo‐2‐(m‐tolylamino)quinazolin‐3(4H)‐yl)ethyl)‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamide (7g) exhibited better antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum (60%) and Xoo (53%) than those of thiodiazole‐copper (52% and 38%, respectively) at 200 μg/ml. This study provided a practical tool for guiding the design and synthesis of novel and more promising active small molecules of 4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives containing a pyrazole carboxamide moiety for controlling plant bacterial and fungal diseases.
High Speed Evanescent Quantum‐Dot Lasers on Si
Authors: Wan Yating , Xiang Chao , Guo Joel , Koscica Rosalyn , Kennedy MJ , Selvidge Jennifer , Zhang Zeyu , Chang Lin , Xie Weiqiang , Huang Duanni , Gossard Arthur C. , Bowers John E. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSignificant improvements in III–V/Si epitaxy have pushed quantum dots (QDs) to the forefront of Si photonics. For efficient, scalable, and multifunctional integrated systems to be developed, a commercially viable solution must be found to allow efficient coupling of the QD laser output to Si waveguides. In this work, the design, fabrication, and characterization of such a platform are detailed. Record‐setting evanescent QD distributed feedback lasers on Si with a 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 13 GHz, a threshold current of 4 mA, a side‐mode‐suppression‐ratio of 60 dB, and a fundamental linewidth of 26 kHz, are reported. The maximum temperature during the backend III/V process is only 200 °C, which is fully compatible with CMOS process thermal budgets. The whole process is substrate agnostic and hence can leverage previous development in QD lasers grown on Si and benefit from the economy of scale. The broadband and versatile nature of the QD lasers and the Si‐on‐insulator low‐loss waveguiding platform can be expanded to build fully functional photonic integrated circuits throughout the O band.
Deep Q‐network‐based auto scaling for service in a multi‐access edge computing environment
Authors: Lee Do‐Young , Jeong Se‐Yeon , Ko Kyung‐Chan , Yoo Jae‐Hyoung , Hong James Won‐Ki 
Published: June 2021

SummaryIn 5G networks, it is necessary to provide services while meeting various service requirements, such as high data rates and low latency, in response to dynamic network conditions. Multi‐access edge computing (MEC) is a promising concept to meet these requirements. The MEC environment enables service providers to deploy their low latency services that are composed of multiple components. However, operating a service manually and attempting to satisfy the quality of service (QoS) requirements is difficult because many factors need to be considered in an MEC scenario. In this paper, we propose an auto‐scaling method using deep Q‐networks (DQN), which is a reinforcement learning algorithm, to resize the number of instances assigned to service. In our evaluation, compared to other baseline methods, the proposed approach maintains the appropriate number of instances effectively in response to dynamic traffic change while satisfying QoS and minimizing the cost of operating the service in the MEC environment. The proposed method was implemented as a module running in OpenStack and published as open‐source software.
The potential of expanded noninvasive prenatal screening for detection of microdeletion and microduplication syndromes
Authors: Shi Panlai , Wang Yuan , Liang Hongbin , Hou Yaqin , Chen Duo , Zhao Ganye , Dai Peng , Xia Yanjie , Feng Yin , Cram David S. , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical potential of a higher resolution noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS‐Plus) test for detection of microdeletion/microduplication syndromes (MMS) in addition to common aneuploidies.MethodsIn a multicenter prospective study, 37,002 pregnant women with unremarkable first‐trimester ultrasound scans had a NIPS‐Plus test. Ultrasound screen positive women were not included in this study.ResultsOf 36,970 ultrasound negative women there were 291 NIPS‐Plus screen positive results indicating 237 aneuploidies and 54 MMS. Following amniocentesis, 171 (72%) were confirmed as genuine, comprising 3 T13s, 10 T18s, 61 T21s, 70 SCAs and 27 MMS. The PPV for MMS with unremarkable ultrasound findings was 50%. Routine clinical examination of children born from NIPS‐Plus negative pregnancies revealed no obvious signs of chromosome disease syndromes at one year of age.ConclusionsNIPS‐Plus has the potential for clinical utility not only for routine aneuploid screening but also for MMS that do not show overt signs during early pregnancy ultrasound screening. We suggest that ultrasound with NIPS‐Plus in combination with appropriate counselling could be considered as a comprehensive first‐tier prenatal screening approach for all pregnant women.
Highly sensitive strain sensor using silver nanowire/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): Polystyrene sulfonate coated natural rubber
Authors: Thana Kittiphong , Jaisutti Rawat , Petchsang Nattasamon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStretchable strain sensors have attracted much attention for health monitoring systems, human‐machine interfaces, and robotics. However, there is still a challenge to develop strain sensors with excellent mechanical stretchability and high strain‐sensing region as well as cost‐effective fabrication process. Herein, a highly sensitive, reliable and low‐cost strain sensors are developed using a resistive transduction of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and silver nanowire (Ag NW). Natural rubber was used as a stretchable substrate material, and a gold leaf was used as electrodes placed between PEDOT:PSS and Ag NW. The electrical resistance of this novel strain sensor shows an average value of 74.72 ± 14.65 Ω with a large sensing range up to 50% strain and sensing sensitivity of 418. The sensing response does not deteriorate after 750 stretching‐releasing cycles and the sensor exhibits high stability after storage in air for more than 53 days. Concerning finger and joint movement, the wearable strain sensor demonstrates a stable output signal and distinguishes response under different bending and stretching. These advantages make it potential applications in wearable electronic devices and promising development in healthcare management.
The Impairment and Functioning Inventory Revised‐English version: A validation study in individuals with disabilities and bothersome pain
Authors: Ramírez‐Maestre Carmen , Esteve Rosa , López‐Martínez Alicia E. , Jensen Mark P. , Miró Jordi , de la Vega Rocío 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite the relevance of daily function in individuals with chronic pain, few questionnaires have been designed to assess this domain in individuals with musculoskeletal pain. In addition, the Impairment and Functioning Inventory‐Revised (IFI‐R) is the only instrument that assesses perceived decreases in levels of daily activity after the onset of pain.ObjectiveTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the English version of the IFI‐R.DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingA database of individuals with medical conditions commonly associated with chronic pain maintained by the University of Washington.PatientsA total of 470 individuals with chronic pain.MethodsFactorial validity was analyzed by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis via structural equation modeling. Internal consistency was evaluated by calculating Cronbach's α coefficients. Convergent validity was assessed by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients between the two scales of the IFI‐R and the Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference Scale. Criterion validity was analyzed by regression analysis via structural equation modeling.Main Outcome MeasuresThe English version of the IFI‐R (IFI‐R‐EV) for individuals with chronic pain.ResultsThe IFI‐R‐EV consists of 30 items with two related subscales: The Daily Function subscale (α = .86). and the Impairment subscale (α = .89). A significant correlation was found between these subscales and a measure of pain interference (r's = − .33, and .35 respectively; p's < .01). We also found statistically significant associations (p < .05) between daily function and depression (β = −.14) and pain intensity (β = −.13), between impairment and depression (β = .14) and pain intensity (β = .16), and between daily function and pain acceptance (β = .14).ConclusionsThe findings indicate that the IFI‐R‐EV provides valid and reliable measures of daily function and impairment in English‐speaking individuals with a disability and chronic pain. These results are consistent with those obtained with the Spanish version.
A framework for the application of standards, recommendations, and research on large screen displays in the function of new control rooms design
Authors: Grozdanovic Miroljub , Bijelic Bojan , Janjic Aleksandar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractExisting display systems in most control rooms in Serbia are built on obsolete technology. To enable functional monitoring by the operators, these control rooms need to be redesigned using modern technology in a way that will optimize human interaction with the control system. This paper provides a review of published literature regarding large screen displays as well as guidance from pertinent industry standards. A significant part of this paper discusses an analysis of a new display system design in the control room. Topics analyzed include the optimal dimensions of display systems, coding of visual information, colors used on display systems, interaction between the operator and the display system, and description of the content presented on display systems. This research represents a guideline for the future design of new control rooms in Serbia's railway, mining, electric power systems, and soybean flakes production.
29‐1: Common Triangle Optimizations and Coarse Pixel Shading for Foveated Rendering Acceleration
Authors: Burnett Thomas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImproved foveated rendering performance for head‐mounted displays (HMDs) requires re‐architecting a multi‐view render pipeline. This pipeline must manage common triangle culling/clipping operations across views while reordering triangle vs. view processing and varying the rasterization sampling rate. This paper explores render pipelines for HMD rendering improvement.
50‐2: LED‐Based Next Generation Immersive Virtual Reality
Authors: Hergert Steffen , Bues Matthias , Riedel Oliver 
Published: June 2021

Currently, head mounted displays are the most widely used variant of Virtual Reality (VR) systems. While offering reasonable quality at moderate prices, their inherent limitation is that they isolate users from their surroundings, especially other persons in the room. Immersive VR systems with large fixed screens, such as CAVEs and Powerwalls, remain the preferable technology when maximum quality and unencumbered interpersonal communication is required. However, the state‐of‐the‐art of this technology is limited to a single users' view, with the others only seeing a more or less distorted image. Moreover, they are mostly using on rear projection, with its inherent drawbacks on brightness, contrast, and space requirements.In this paper we propose a novel multi‐viewer immersive VR system based on LED display technology, which will overcome these limitations, leading to a new quality of co‐located collaborative VR.
P‐58: DCI Quality Specifications for Emissive LED Screens
Authors: Bravo Jorge Pérez 
Published: June 2021

The Digital Cinema Initiative (DCI) has established specifications for a theater system that creates a common shell where regardless of the technology (Projector, film, Emissive Screens) the experience experimented by the viewer is the closest to the one intended to be transmitted by the director.The theater system is built of a few components, one of them is the player or Media Block and the second is the LED emissive Screen. The main function of the Media Block is to provide a secure system environment within it performs content essence decryption. In addition to this, the Media Block shall contain the Security Manager, Image, Audio and Subtitle processing capabilities along with associated forensic markers. The function of the LED screen is providing the proper color and luminance values to provide the right environment where the viewer can have the best experience of the content as it was a real‐life environment scene.The quality of the system is based on the video performance. The Video performance can come from many parameters like brightness, contrast, color space, color consistency, refresh rate, and bit depth. For DCI, 12bits is the input bit depth, while the processing bit depth is much higher to reproduce the video on the right color space (specified as DCI‐P3) and providing the right grayscale performance values for what our eye is most sensitive area (scotopic vision) and at the same time for getting color (photopic vision). This experience is what brings a sensation that it is only achieved in theaters.