bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement report: Molecular composition, optical properties, and radiative effects of water-soluble organic carbon in snowpack samples from northern Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhou Yue , West Christopher P. , Hettiyadura Anusha P. S. , Niu Xiaoying , Wen Hui , Cui Jiecan , Shi Tenglong , Pu Wei , Wang Xin , Laskin Alexander 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in the cryosphere has an important impact on the biogeochemistry cycling and snow–ice surface energy balance through changes in the surface albedo. This work reports on the chemical characterization of WSOC in 28 representative snowpack samples collected across a regional area of northern Xinjiang, northwestern China. We employed multimodal analytical chemistry techniques to investigate both bulk and molecular-level composition of WSOC and its optical properties, informing the follow-up radiative forcing (RF) modeling estimates. Based on the geographic differences and proximity of emission sources, the snowpack collection sites were grouped as urban/industrial (U), rural/remote (R), and soil-influenced (S) sites, for which average WSOC total mass loadings were measured as 1968 ± 953 ng g−1 (U),
885 ± 328 ng g−1 (R), and 2082 ± 1438 ng g−1 (S), respectively. The S sites showed the higher mass absorption coefficients at 365 nm (MAC365) of 0.94 ± 0.31 m2 g−1 compared to those of U and R sites (0.39 ± 0.11 m2 g−1 and 0.38 ± 0.12 m2 g−1, respectively). Bulk composition of WSOC in the snowpack samples and its basic source apportionment was inferred from the excitation–emission matrices and the parallel factor analysis featuring relative contributions of one protein-like (PRLIS) and two humic-like (HULIS-1 and HULIS-2) components with ratios specific to each of the S, U, and R sites. Additionally, a sample from site 120 showed unique pollutant concentrations and spectroscopic features remarkably different from all other U, R, and S samples. Molecular-level characterization of WSOC using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) provided further insights into chemical differences among four types of samples (U, R, S, and 120). Specifically, many reduced-sulfur-containing species with high degrees of unsaturation and aromaticity were uniquely identified in U samples, suggesting an anthropogenic source. Aliphatic/protein-like species showed the highest contribution in R samples, indicating their biogenic origin. The WSOC components from S samples showed high oxygenation and saturation levels. A few unique CHON and CHONS compounds with high unsaturation degree and molecular weight were detected in the 120 sample, which might be anthraquinone derivatives from plant debris. Modeling of the WSOC-induced RF values showed warming effects of 0.04 to 0.59 W m−2 among different groups of sites, which contribute up to 16 % of that caused by black carbon (BC), demonstrating the important influences of WSOC on the snow energy budget.
PENGARUH KUALIFIKASI PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PENEMPATAN KERJA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA (ASN)
Authors: Mujiati Fatmawati , Agung Sugiantiningsih , Umbas Ronald 
Published: June 2021

Effective and efficient governance is demanded in this competitive globalization era. Work performance of bureaucrats that still does not meet people’s expectation is still experienced by the people. That problem can be reduced by the implementation of the ministerial regulation on civil servants and bureaucratic reform number:Kep/33/M.PAN/7/2011. It regulates the placement of civil servants and has been applied by the Office for Housing Facilities Bali Province. Its bureaucrats were placed in the positions according to their knowledge, educational background, and expertise and skills so that they work and serve the people better. The writer used perspctective qualitative approach to identify the phenomenon. Primary and secondary data were collected through observation and interview, and analysed with interactive data analysis technique (Miles, Hubernam, and Saldana 2014). Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the indicators that were used to assign a civil servant in a certain position in this office were knowledge, skills, and expertise.
Abstrak:
Kinerja para birokrat sangat penting dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Profesionalisme mereka semakin dituntut oleh masyarakat yang semakin kritis dan oleh era globalisasi yang mengharuskan setiap orang bekerja dengan cepat dan tepat. Implementasi Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negera dan Reformasi Birokrasi Nomor:Kep/33/M.PAN/7/2011 tanggal 7 Juli 2011 tentang pedoman Analisis Jabatan adalah salah satu hal mendasar untuk mewujudkan kinerja birokrat yang sesuai tuntutan jaman. Penempatan sumber daya aparatur sipil negara (ASN) yang diterapkan pada Balai Prasarana Permukiman Wilayah Bali, yang telah menerapkan penempatan sumber daya manusianya yang sesuai seperti posisi jabatan kepala bidang maupun kepala seksi yang memenuhi standar kompetensi. Penempatan tersebut harus dilakukan berdasarkan latar belakang pendidikan, keahlian atau keterampilan, dan pengalaman. Dalam penelitian kualitatif ini, penulis menggunakan mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara. Dari riset yang sudah dilaksanakan, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa kualifikasi pendidikan belum berpengaruh pada penempatan Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) di Kantor Balai Prasarana Permukiman Wilayah Bali.
Transnational Crime : Proses Sekuritisasi Pemerintah Indonesia terhadap ancaman perdagangan Narkotika
Authors: Polii Restilia 
Published: June 2021

AbstrackTulisan ini akan membahas mengenai kejahatan lintas negara terutama perdagangan narkoba. Melalui literature review ini, penulis menggunakan berbagai referensi, yang didalamnya terdapat penjelasan mengenai perdagangan narkotika sebagai bagian dalam kejahatan lintas negara di dan bagaimana dampaknya bagi Indonesia. Kejahatan transnasional menimbulkan ancaman bagi negara, perekonomian negara dan masyarakat sipil. Aktor non negara dapat menggunakan kejahatan transnasional untuk mempromosikan tujuan politik mereka, kelompok ini mendapat kekuatan dari kemampuan mereka untuk menjalin hubungan lintas batas-batas negara. Di Indonesia sendiri, perdagangan narkotika menjadi isu yang terus berkembang dan terus mendapat perhatian pemerintah Indonesia.Keyword: Narkotika, transnational crime, perdagangan
Sulphur Supply Enhances Wheat Growth and Yield on Saline-Sodic Soil
Authors: Arshadullah Muhammad , Hyder Syed Ishtiaq , Ali Arshad 
Published: June 2021

. The effect of different S levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg S/ha) on growth and ionic concentration of wheat variety Inqlab-91 directly sown on saline-sodic soil (ECe=5.65 dS/m, pH=8.57 and SAR=17.38) was evaluated in a field experiment. Treatments were arranged using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000- grain weight and yields (grain and straw) were recorded. Na, K, Ca and S concentrations in grain and straw were estimated using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Tillering, number of grains/spike, 1000- grain weight and grain yield significantly (p :: 0.05) increased by enhancing the S application. Maximum wheat yield (4.66 t/ha) was recorded when S was applied at 75 kg/ha, which was 43% more than the control treatment. Maximum number of tillers/plant (161) and number of grains/spike
(56) were recorded with sulphur applied at 75 kg/ha. Positive correlation (r = 0.85), (r = 0.88) between calcium, potassium and negative correlation (r = -0.84) between grain sodium content and wheat grain yield was recorded. It indicates that presence of significantly higher Ca and K contents of grain receiving S application might possibly help plants to attain more Ca and K and avoided sodium uptake to alleviate salinity/sodicity stress. Economical analysis showed that maximum value cost ratio (5.5:1) was achieved with the application of 25 kg S/ha.
PEMBINAAN PASIEN PENYAKIT KRONIS (P3KL) PADA KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT PROLANIS MELALUI EDUKASI MANAJEMEN DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Patimah Iin , Wahyudi Iwan , Susyantie Susan , Puspita Tantri , Suryawantie Tanti , Yayang  , Gani  
Published: June 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan khusunya di Indonesia dan mejadi 5 besar penyakit penyebab kematian. Pengetahuan terkait pencegahan maupun penatalaksanaan diabetes perlu diperkenalkan kepada masyarakat agar menjadi bekal dalam membuat keputusan tindakan apa yang harus dilakukan untuk menghindari berbagai macam komplikasi penyakit sebagai dampai dari penatalaksanaan penyakit DM yang buruk maupun terlambat. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat mengenai penyakit DM dan penatalaksanaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan langsung bertatap muka dengan peserta prolanis melalui media audio visual, power point dan leaflet serta evaluasi berupa instrument pengetahuan tentang DM yang berjumlah 15 pertanyaan. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukan bahwa, dari 55 peserta setelah dilakukan edukasi, 35 peserta menunjukan pengetahuan yang baik (63%) dan 20 orang (37%) dalam kategori pengetahuan cukup. Diperlukan program edukasi yang berkesinambungan kepada masyarakat terkait pengenalan penyakit kronis salah satunya DM
Renal Osteodystrophy due to Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in a Cat
Authors: Gonzalez Sara Elizabeth , Roth Ira G. , Schmiedt Chad W. , Patrick Michelle H. , Meindl Alison G. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
A 6 yr old neutered male mixed-breed cat presented for renal transplantation (RTx) for chronic kidney disease. Severe periodontal disease was identified, and before initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, a comprehensive oral health assessment and treatment procedure was performed to reduce the burden of existing oral infection. Dental radiography revealed diffuse, severe bone demineralization across the mandible and maxilla, with thinning of the cortices. Nasal turbinates were easily visualized owing to the decreased opacity of maxillary bone. Generalized bone resorption left teeth to appear minimally attached. A Vitamin D panel revealed a severely elevated parathyroid hormone level. Full mouth extractions were performed. Seven days following this procedure, RTx was performed. Serum creatinine concentration was within normal limits by 48 hr after surgery and remained normal until discharge 12 days after RTx. At 3.5 mo after RTx, the cat was mildly azotemic, and the parathyroid hormone level was elevated but significantly decreased from the original measurement. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common abnormality in cats with chronic kidney disease. However, clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism are rare in this species. This is a novel presentation of a cat demonstrating bone loss in the oral cavity as a result of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism.
A prevenção da incontinência urinária no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19: Ações educativas de uma Liga Acadêmica de Enfermagem
Authors: Boller Shirley , Moura D’Almeida Miranda Fernanda , Pereira Ana Paula , Kauling Barbosa Mariana , Alves Fachina Laura , Küchler Mahara Louíse , Da Silva Kovalczykovski Amanda Gabrielly , Blitzkow Scherer Teles Andressa , Brueckheimer Sarah Rebeca 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: descrever as ações realizadas pelos membros da Liga Acadêmica de Enfermagem em Estomaterapia de uma universidade pública do sul do Brasil na prevenção de Incontinência Urinária no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre as divulgações científicas da temática de incontinência urinária que ocorreram no período de outubro de 2020 a março de 2021 por meio de plataformas digitais. Para tanto, foi realizado inicialmente a capacitação teórica, de forma remota, sobre incontinência urinária feminina e posteriormente elaborou-se e disseminou-se os informativos digitais. Resultados: Após a capacitação teórica, um folder informativo foi elaborado com ações preventivas e os principais cuidados com a incontinência urinária. Utilizou-se a rede social Instagram para veicular os informes sobre a temática. Ao total, foram compartilhadas seis informações baseadas em evidências científicas que foram elaborados pelos próprios membros da liga. A participação dos usuários foi identificada por meio de comentários. Em adição, foi estruturado um capítulo de livro voltado aos profissionais enfermeiros e acadêmicos de enfermagem na assistência aos pacientes incontinentes. Conclusão: O Instagram viabilizou, no período da pandemia, o compartilhamento de informações para a prevenção de incontinência urinária no público feminino da comunidade acadêmica e externa a ela. O capítulo do livro motivou os membros da liga a se aproximar da temática e disseminar o conhecimento acadêmico de qualidade.
Empregos Setoriais nas microrregiões do Brasil entre os anos de 2002 a 2018: Uma análise com ênfase na construção civil
Authors: Antunes Luzia Aparecida 
Published: June 2021

A construção civil é um setor que exerce grande influência no número de empregos no país, ofertando postos de trabalho em diversos segmentos. Grande parte da mão de obra demandada pelo setor possui baixa instrução, dessa maneira o setor tem a capacidade de empregar pessoas em diferentes níveis de qualificação, o que consequentemente acaba por impulsionar o dinamismo da economia, através dos transbordamentos de renda que se obtêm. A microrregião de Altamira, localizada no estado do Pará, possui a maior concentração do número de empregos na construção para o período de 2002-2018. A construção civil possui grande participação no PIB industrial e apresenta crescimento. (OLIVEIRA, MEDEIROS, PEREIRA, 2015). A construção civil correspondeu em 2016 a 10,2% do PIB nacional (FIESP, 2016).
Researching into Commitments for Sustainable Development Goals and Healthy Aging
Authors: Kumar Mishra Santosh 
Published: June 2021

Implementing the Programme of Action (PoA), for the purpose of attaining Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs, also known as the “Global Goals”, adopted by UN Member States in the year 2015) requires, among other contributing factors, specific strategies on: (a) aging, and (b) health. The PoA was adopted at the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) that took place at Cairo, Egypt, in the year 1994. In view of these facts, the author of this paper makes two research statements: (a) “SDGs and healthy ageing (HA) are connected”, and (b) “international community, across the regions of the globe, needs to make advocacy efforts for HA”. These considerations gain increased significance if one looks at demographic trends: significant portion of the world population are older (also known as “older people”, “older adults”, and “older citizens”), with projections that share of older people (over the age of 65 years) will double by the end of 2050. The “UN Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021-2030)”, is, thus, a significant development. The author, in the present work, primarily attempts to discuss and debate specific initiatives (in terms of strategic interventions) that stakeholders need to undertake for the purpose of ensuring HA. It has been concluded on several platforms that “attainments of SDGs are closely linked with HA”. This research note also presents quick highlights on how SDGs and HA are inter-linked. In terms of research mythology employed here, the author has collected secondary data (largely ‘qualitative’ in nature) from various sources (quoted under references). Method of data analysis is ‘descriptive’. To sum up, key for HA aging lies in enlarging opportunities for positive health at all stages of life.
Primary Quality Control Parameters of Cassava Raw Materials
Authors: Mubanga Chisenga Shadrack 
Published: June 2021

Fresh cassava roots are transformed into shelf stable raw materials (flours and extracted starches). Chemical composition (moisture, protein, lipid, fibre and amylose content, cyanide contents), dry matter, starch extraction yields, particle size distribution and whiteness index are some of the quality characteristic requirements for selection of varieties in breeding programs, and raw materials for industrial processes. Starch yields ranges 20–35%, and vary with genotype. The crude protein (1–2%) and crude fat (∼1%) are considered minor components of cassava and are indicative of the poor nutritional quality. The cumulative of particles passing finer than sieve (D90) is commonly selected for industrial applications because it yields a large proportion of flour in the range 90–96% finer particle than sieve size. The amylose is the main genetic trait for categorising starches into waxy, semi-waxy, normal/regular and high amylose types when amylose content is 0–2, 3–15, 16–35, and > 35% of the total starch, respectively. Additionally, amylose is basic criteria for blending flours of different botanical sources. Cassava varieties are classified as sweet and bitter varieties when cyanide values are in the range 15–50 and 50–400 ppm, respectively. The a* (redness-greenness) and b* (yellowish) are considered as impurities in white fleshed cassava.
Mitochondrial 16S rRNA Gene-Dependent Blood Typing as a Forensic Tool
Authors: O.M. Al-Dahmoshi Hussein , J. Al-Nayili Hayder 
Published: June 2021

Mitochondrial DNA is an important tool for human identification and is used to differentiate between human and animal blood at the crime scene, because in extreme conditions nuclear DNA is severely destroyed while Mitochondrial DNA contains multiple copies (200–2000) per cell and resists harsh and more stable conditions. Seventy-two blood samples were collected from humans (Homo sapiens), sheep (Ovis aries), goats (Capra hircus), and cows (Bos taurus) (18 blood samples for each). All blood samples were withdrawn by a technician and 5 ml were aspirated using an aseptic technique and transferred to EDTA-Na2 tubes. They were mixed well and stored in a refrigerator. The collection took 2 weeks (May 15, 2019–May 30, 2019). All samples were collected from Al-Diwanyia city. The results of PCR testing revealed that the primer pairs were specific and non-specific products did not appear for all samples. The amplification of Homo sapiens mitochondrial DNA with primer pairs of other (Ovis aries, Capra hircus, and Bos taurus) and amplification of each with primer pairs of another genus gave negative results, and this is primary evidence for primer pair specificity. The amplicon of 16S rRNA gene of Homo sapiens was 1200 bp, Ovis aries was 1060 bp, Capra hircus was 820 bp, and Bos taurus was 1300 bp. The sequencing revealed that no cross-reactivity of designed primer pairs and the PCR assay based on the designed primer pairs will be simple, fast, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective. There is sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the designed species-specific primer pairs and applicability of the designed primer pairs in forensics to investigate blood spots or evidence belonging for human, sheep, goat, and cow.
Customer Attitude towards the Purchase Behavior of Green Apparel Products Consumers; with Special Reference to the Sri Lankan Government University Students
Authors: Herath M. M. N. N. , Samarakoon S. M. A. K. 
Published: June 2021

Aims: People are steadily more attentive to unsustainable consumption patterns due to severe environmental issues in the world. The study examines the factors that may affect the attitude towards green apparel products with particular reference to Sri Lankan university students’ families and analyze the attitude that affects green apparel products' purchasing behavior.
Methodology: Three hundred and eighty complete questionnaires were used to analyze the study. Descriptive statistics and simple and multiple regression analysis utilized for data analysis of the study. Three independent variables, namely environmental apparel knowledge, environmental consumer beliefs, and subjective norms, except the environmental apparel knowledge, shows a positive significant effect on green products' attitudes.
Results and Conclusions: Moreover, the study shows a positive impact on the attitude to purchase green apparel products. Producers should consider changes in the unsustainable consumption pattern of the young generation.
Effect of Fruit Harvest Time and Fermentation Methods on Seed Viability and Seedling Vigour in Oleaginous Citrullus lanatus
Authors: Yao Koffi Bertin , Beugré Manéhonon Martine , Adjoumani Koffi , Koffi N’Goran Delphine , Kouakou Tanoh Hilaire 
Published: June 2021

Aims: In an attempt to improve the yields of Citrullus lanatus’s wlêwlê oilseed cultivar, generally low due to the lack of good germination seeds, the effect of fruit age at harvest and fermentation methods were studied. The present study is a contribution to the improvement the African oleaginous Cucurbits seed production system by optimizing the date of harvest combined to seed fermentation methods through enhancement of seed germination and seedling vigor.
Study Design: Seedling vigor was evaluated on farm trial using five completely randomized blocks represented by seedbeds constituting each, one replication.
Place and Duration of Study: The trials were carried out from July to December 2020, at the experimental farm of the Nangui Abrogoua University in the district of Abidjan, southern of Côte d'Ivoire between 5°17' and 5°31' North latitude and between 3°45' and 4°31' West longitude.
Methodology: Fruits from grown plants were harvested at five different times 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 days after anthesis (DAA)] and seeds fermented following four methods fermentation at ambient air (SFA); fermentation in a plastic bag exposed at ambient air (SFB); fermentation in plastic bag buried in 30 cm depth (SFD) and control or non-fermented (NF)]. Seeds from these 20 treatments (5 harvest time × 4 fermentation methods) were sown for viability tests in laboratory and seedling vigor in the field.
Results: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that delaying harvest time (from 20 to 40 DAA) significantly (P < .001) improved fruit weight (from 512.20 to 760.50 g) and its seed content (from 71.75 to 230.70 seeds/fruit), seed size (length: 10.69 to 11.42 mm and width: 5.31 to 5.90 mm) and weight (5.16 to 6.37 g) as well as their viability (from 67.75 to 89.50 %). Moreover, in spite of facilitating seed extraction, all three fermentation methods (SFA, SFB and SFD) significantly improved seed viability and seedling vigor compared to control (NF) seeds. The highest agronomic performance (seed viability and produced seedling vigor), was obtained with fermentation under closed and deep confinement (SFD), followed by the closed confinement (SFB) and then by the open environment (SFA). Positive interaction (harvest time × fermentation method) revealed that the best performance was achieved with later harvested seeds (40 DAA) and closed fermented seeds (SFD) which could provide a better seed quality.
Conclusion: Agronomic performances (viability and vigor) are influenced by both harvest date and fermentation method. Late harvesting of the fruit (40 DAA) and fermentation in a very confined deep soil condition (SFD) ensures the production of high germination quality seeds.