bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urodynamic autonomic bladder dysfunction in women with complex chronic pelvic pain is associated with small fiber polyneuropathy
Authors: Mozafarpour Sarah , Chen Annie , Paredes Mogica Jan Alberto , Nwaoha Ngozi , Farhad Khosro , Morrison Suzanne M. , De Elise J. B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsSmall fiber neuropathy/polyneuropathy (SFN) has been found to be present in 64% of complex (refractory or multisystem) chronic pelvic pain (CPP) patients. The small fiber dysfunction seen in SFN can negatively impact autonomic control of micturition in addition to pain. This study investigated the clinical association of autonomic dysfunction (detrusor underactivity and primary bladder neck obstruction [BNO]) on video urodynamics (VUDS) with SFN in patients with CPP.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study, querying data from patients with complex CPP. Inclusion criteria were: the presence of complex (refractory or multisystem) CPP, and completion of both (1) subspecialty autonomic neurology evaluation for SFN and (2) high‐quality VUDS performed according to ICS standards. Autonomic bladder dysfunction (BNO or detrusor underactivity) on VUDS was compared to the presence of SFN.ResultsThirty‐two female patients with complex CPP met criteria. Of the 32, 23 (72%) were found to have SFN. Patient with autonomic bladder dysfunction (BNO or detrusor underactivity) were more likely to have SFN (OR = 9.5 [95% CI: 1.641, 55.00], p = 0.007). Post‐void residual volume was higher in the SFN group (p = 0.011 [95% CI: 13.12, 94.0]) and symptoms of urge urinary incontinence were more likely to be present (p = 0.000 [95% CI: −3.4, −1.25]).ConclusionsPatients with complex CPP with autonomic bladder dysfunction are more likely to have SFN. This suggests patients with complex CPP should be considered for diagnosis and treatment of SFN, particularly if BNO or detrusor underactivity is noted on VUDS evaluation.
“Lights and Sirens”: Variation in 911 Call‐Taker Risk Appraisal and its Effects on Police Officer Perceptions at the Scene
Authors: Gillooly Jessica W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUntil now, 911 dispatch centers largely have been the “black box” of the criminal justice system. This article opens that black box. It documents systematically a new mechanism in the policing process: the degree to which a 911 call‐taker's “alarmist” response to a call primes police officer perceptions at the scene. This study leverages the quasi‐random assignment of 911 call‐takers to calls and employs an instrumental variable approach novel to dispatch. The author focuses her analysis on call‐for‐service data (N = 20,764) involving mental health crises and public assaults—strategic sites for the investigation of call‐taker discretion—from a dispatch center in Southeast Michigan and finds a statistically significant difference in the propensity of call‐takers to classify the same types of calls as “high priority.” This variation, in turn, affects police perceptions. Calls for which call‐taker assignment induces a high priority classification are about three times more likely to be classified as high priority by the police at the scene, relative to the mean of the dependent variable. Effects are strongest for calls involving mental health crises. The theoretical developments and empirical results presented here point to new areas for policy reform for policymakers and practitioners regarding the importance of training 911 call‐takers in call triage and diversion.
A targeted simulation‐extrapolation method for evaluating biomarkers based on new technologies in precision medicine
Authors: Wang Dong , Wang Sue‐Jane , Xu Joshua , Lababidi Samir 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNew technologies for novel biomarkers have transformed the field of precision medicine. However, in applications such as liquid biopsy for early tumor detection, the misclassification rates of next generation sequencing and other technologies have become an unavoidable feature of biomarker development. Because initial experiments are usually confined to specific technology choices and application settings, a statistical method that can project the performance metrics of other scenarios with different misclassification rates would be very helpful for planning further biomarker development and future trials. In this article, we describe an approach based on an extended version of simulation extrapolation (SIMEX) to project the performance of biomarkers measured with varying misclassification rates due to different technological or application settings when experimental results are only available from one specific setting. Through simulation studies for logistic regression and proportional hazards models, we show that our proposed method can be used to project the biomarker performance with good precision when switching from one to anther technology or application setting. Similar to the original SIMEX model, the proposed method can be implemented with existing software in a straightforward manner. A data analysis example is also presented using a lung cancer data set and performance metrics for two gene panel based biomarkers. Results demonstrate that it is feasible to infer the potential implications of using a range of technologies or application scenarios for biomarkers with limited human trial data.
Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy with thrombus in pulmonary artery caused by diffuse sclerosing variant of thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro , Adachi Shiro , Nishiyama Itsumure , Yasuda Kenichiro , Imai Ryo , Nakano Yoshihisa , Tsuyuki Yuta , Kim Deoksu , Kondo Takahisa , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a fatal disease associated with malignant tumors that progresses to pulmonary hypertension. Gastric cancer is the most common cause, followed by breast cancer and lung cancer, whereas PTTM due to thyroid cancer has not been reported. In addition to pulmonary obstruction by tumor embolism, tumor cells stimulate endothelial cells to release angiogenetic factors, which induce remodeling of pulmonary arteries and veins and lead to lymphatic obstruction. There is limited information on the relationship between thrombus and PTTM. We herein report an autopsy case with PTTM which was caused by diffuse sclerosing variant of thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma, in which differential diagnosis included the acute phase of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Mean square and almost sure consensus of heterogeneous multi‐agent systems with multiplicative noise
Authors: Zhang Kewei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zong Xiaofeng , Li Renfu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the consensus problem of heterogeneous multi‐agent systems (MASs) composed of first‐order and second‐order agents. To describe the communication environment realistically, the effect of the multiplicative noise on the communication network is considered. Firstly, the consensus problem is transformed into the stability problem of stochastic differential equations with multiplicative noise. Then, a stability analysis method for such stochastic differential equations is proposed by structuring the appropriate Lyapunov function. Some sufficient conditions for both mean square (m.s.) and almost sure (a.s.) consensus are obtained for leader‐free/leader‐following heterogeneous MASs. These sufficient conditions, expressed by simple scalar inequalities, are explicitly related to control gains, noise intensities, and network topology. Furthermore, the m.s. and a.s. convergence rates of the consensus protocol are also obtained. Finally, numerical simulation shows the effectiveness of our theoretical results.
How ecoefficient is European food consumption? A frontier‐based multiregional input–output analysis
Authors: Bulak Muhammet Enis , Kucukvar Murat 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper presents an integrated approach combining the optimization‐based frontier model with a global multiregional input–output (MRIO) analysis for food consumption in Europe. The weighted and conventional data envelopment analysis models are coupled with production and consumption‐based environmental and economic footprint data obtained from the environmental footprint explorer database. Eco‐efficiency assessment is carried out using multiple undesirable environmental outputs such as carbon emission, total energy consumption, land use, material use, water use, and one desirable economic output, which is the gross value‐added (GVA). This assessment indicates an efficiency level of each economic activity associated with its environmental impacts and policies are made as a result of the efficiency level to propose an equilibrium between economic development and environmental impacts. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of each parameter, variability analysis between weighted and non‐weighted models, and performance improvement projections are presented. Based on the results, four countries become efficient when moving from production‐based accounting (PBA) to consumption‐based accounting (CBA). France, United Kingdom, Italy, and Sweden are efficient countries in both findings. Denmark caused the highest carbon emission from the production point of view. Germany is the largest importer in all environmental categories such as carbon emission, energy usage, material use, land use, and water use. Additionally, the weight‐restricted model indicated a noticeable difference concerning the eco‐efficiency scores under the PBA and CBA approach, where land use and material footprint categories were found to be the most sensitive parameters for eco‐efficiency scores. The authors believe that this integrated approach will aid in decision‐making and help build a composite eco‐efficiency score when comparing the performance of food consumption with multiple environmental and economic metrics.
One‐Pot Synthesis of New Chromeno[1,6]naphthyridine Derivatives Catalyzed by a Basic Ionic Liquid, [HO‐CH2‐CH2‐NH3+][HCOO−]
Authors: Shirzaei Farhad , Shaterian Hamid Reza 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe report, one‐pot, efficient, pseudo four‐component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, 2/‐hydroxyacetophenone derivatives in the presence of a reusable basic ionic liquid, [HO‐CH2‐CH2‐NH3+][HCOO−], as catalyst for the synthesis of chromeno[1,6]naphthyridine derivatives in water as a green solvent at reflux conditions. The method has several advantages such as good yields, short reaction times, and simple work‐up procedure.
In‐Situ Incorporation of Pt Nanoparticles on Layered Double Hydroxides for Selective Conversion of Cinnamaldehyde to Cinnamyl Alcohol
Authors: Duan Jingmin , Wang Dan , Cui Rongqian , Zhang Hongsong , Zhang Bing , Guan Huijuan , Zhao Yafei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDesigning efficient and low‐cost catalysts for generation of cinnamyl alcohol (CMO) from cinnamaldehyde (CMA) hydrogenation is of practical value. Herein, layered double hydroxide supported Pt nanoparticles (Pt‐s/LDH) were prepared by in‐situ reduction of PtCl62− in PtCl62−‐LDH with ethylene glycol, and the PtCl62− was intercalated in LDH by ion‐exchange method. The characterization results verify that small Pt nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on LDH with average diameter of 1.9 nm and narrow size distribution. The prepared Pt‐s/LDH catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance for selective hydrogenation of CMA under relatively mild reaction conditions (80 °C, 2 MPa H2) with high turnover frequency (TOF) (0.574 s−1) and CMA conversion (92.6 %). Furthermore, the CMA conversion rate and CMO selectivity remain almost unchanged after the fourth run compared with the results of the first run. This study provides an effective route for synthesis of efficient and stable LDH‐supported metal catalysts.
Emerging Surface, Bulk, and Interface Engineering Strategies on BiVO4 for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Gaikwad Mayur A. , Suryawanshi Umesh P. , Ghorpade Uma V. , Jang Jun Sung , Suryawanshi Mahesh P. , Kim Jin Hyeok 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell that collects and stores abundant sunlight to hydrogen fuel promises a clean and renewable pathway for future energy needs and challenges. Monoclinic bismuth vanadate (BiVO4), having an earth‐abundancy, nontoxicity, suitable optical absorption, and an ideal n‐type band position, has been in the limelight for decades. BiVO4 is a potential photoanode candidate due to its favorable outstanding features like moderate bandgap, visible light activity, better chemical stability, and cost‐effective synthesis methods. However, BiVO4 suffers from rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers that have impeded further improvements of its PEC performances and stability. This review presents a close look at the emerging surface, bulk, and interface engineering strategies on BiVO4 photoanode. First, an effective approach of surface functionalization via different cocatalysts to improve the surface kinetics of BiVO4 is discussed. Second, state‐of‐the‐art methodologies such as nanostructuring, defect engineering, and doping to further enhance light absorption and photogenerated charge transport in bulk BiVO4 are reviewed. Third, interface engineering via heterostructuring to improve charge separation is introduced. Lastly, perspectives on the foremost challenges and some motivating outlooks to encourage the future research progress in this emerging frontier are offered.
Promoting the Performance of 2D Material Photodetectors by Dielectric Engineering
Authors: Lu Jianting , Deng Zexiang , Ye Qiaojue , Zheng Zhaoqiang , Yao Jiandong , Yang Guowei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLow light absorption and limited carrier lifetime are two limiting factors hampering the further breakthrough of the performance of 2D materials (2DMs)‐based photodetectors. This study proposes an ingenious dielectric engineering strategy toward boosting the photosensitivity. Periodic dielectric structures (PDSs), including SiO2/h‐BN, SiO2/Al2O3, and SiO2/SrTiO3 (STO), are exploited to couple with 2D photosensitive channels (denoted as PDS‐2DMs). The responsivity, external quantum efficiency, and detectivity of an optimized SiO2/STO(300 nm)‐WSe2 photodetector reach 89081 A W−1, 2.7 × 107%, and 1.8 × 1013 Jones, respectively. These performance metrics are orders of magnitude higher than a pristine WSe2 photodetector, enabling reliable sub‐1 pW weak light detection. Based on systematic characterizations and first‐principle calculations, such dramatic performance improvement is associated with the promoted direct bandgap transition, reduced exciton binding energy, and PDS‐induced periodic intramolecular built‐in electric field across the atomically thin channels, which efficiently separates the photoexcited electron–hole pairs. More inspiringly, this strategy is also successfully exploited to 2D WS2 photodetectors, demonstrating broad applicability. As a whole, this work promises an exceptional avenue to ameliorate 2DM photodetectors and opens up a new horizon “dielectric optoelectronics,” simultaneously highlighting the role of dielectric environment during analyzing the fundamentals of 2DM devices.
“I see myself as a STEM person”: Exploring high school students' self‐identification with STEM
Authors: Grimalt‐Álvaro Carme , Couso Digna , Boixadera‐Planas Ester , Godec Spela 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the literature, STEM identity tends to be characterized either as students' relationship with the STEM field “as a whole,” or their relationship with a particular STEM area, such as science. With this study, we add to the existing scholarship by characterizing the profiles of students who identified themselves as “STEM people.” A 52‐item questionnaire was administered to 1004 students aged 12–16 from high schools in and around Barcelona, Spain. To profile different groups of students, we performed a hierarchical cluster analysis that included responses relating to participants' interest, competence, self‐efficacy, and aspirations to different STEM and non‐STEM areas. Our analysis generated six different clusters, which we interpreted as ranging from positive to negative self‐identification with STEM. Our particular interest was in the two clusters we interpreted as exhibiting positive STEM identity (C1 and C2). The analysis suggested that there were two different ways of considering oneself as a STEM person. Students who self‐identified as STEM people were either more inclined toward technology and engineering (C1) or science (C2), particularly in terms of their aspirations. These two clusters were also strongly gendered, with C1 being dominated by boys and C2 by girls. Although our findings suggest the existence of a conscious “sense of STEM identity,” we suggest that students who self‐identified as STEM people may have ascribed different meanings to the STEM based on their preferences. As such, this study questions the suitability of studying STEM identity “as a whole” without also considering how students relate to individual STEM and non‐STEM areas.
The ChPT: top-down and bottom-up
Authors: Kampf Karol 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, higher-derivative corrections of the non-linear sigma model of both even and odd intrinsic-parity sectors are systematically studied, focusing on ordered amplitudes of flavor scalars in massless limit. It should correspond to a theory known as chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) without external sources and with only single-trace operators. We briefly overview its formal development and apply new S-matrix methods to its amplitude constructions. The bottom-up analysis of the tree-level amplitudes of different orders and multiplicities focuses on the formal structure of general ChPT. Possible theoretical simplifications based on the Kleiss-Kuijf and Bern-Carrasco-Johansson relations are presented. Finally, in the same context, the comparison with the so-called Z-function, which is connected with string theory, is also discussed.
Chasing a rarity: a retrospective single-center evaluation of prognostic factors in primary gliosarcoma
Authors: Dejonckheere Cas S. , Böhner Alexander M. C. , Koch David , Schmeel Leonard C. , Herrlinger Ulrich , Vatter Hartmut , Schneider Matthias , Schuss Patrick , Giordano Frank A. , Köksal Mümtaz A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose
Primary gliosarcoma (GS) is a rare variant of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma multiforme. We performed a single-center analysis to identify prognostic factors.

Patients and methods
We analyzed the records of 26 patients newly diagnosed with primary WHO grade IV GS. Factors of interest were clinical and treatment data, as well as molecular markers, time to recurrence, and time to death.

Results
Median follow-up was 9 months (range 5–21 months). Gross total resection did not lead to improved survival, most likely due to the relatively small sample size. Low symptom burden at the time of diagnosis was associated with longer PFS (P = 0.023) and OS (P = 0.018). Median OS in the entire cohort was 12 months. Neither MGMT promoter hypermethylation nor adjuvant temozolomide therapy influenced survival, consistent with some previous reports.

Conclusion
In this retrospective study, patients exhibiting low symptom burden at diagnosis showed improved survival. None of the other factors analyzed were associated with an altered outcome.
Pneumonie, Zweiklappenendokarditis und Lungenarterienembolie bei einem 26-jährigen Patienten
Authors: Hasselbach Lisa , Dübbers Maximilian 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungEin 26-jähriger Patient zeigte eine linksseitige Pneumonie, eine Zweiklappenendokarditis und eine Lungenarterienembolie. Im Jahr 2004 war er bei angeborener Aortenklappenstenose mittels Ross-Operation versorgt worden. Es zeigte sich ein Anstieg der Titer für Coxiella burnetii, den Erreger des Q‑Fiebers. Unter antibiotischer Therapie mit Levofloxacin und Doxycyclin kam es zu einer Besserung der Symptomatik und einem Rückgang der Entzündungsparameter. Die Therapie der Endokarditis war erfolgreich.
An integrated device for fast and sensitive immunosuppressant detection
Authors: Tombelli Sara , Trono Cosimo , Berneschi Simone , Berrettoni Chiara , Giannetti Ambra , Bernini Romeo , Persichetti Gianluca , Testa Genni , Orellana Guillermo , Salis Francesca , Weber Susanne , Luppa Peter B. , Porro Giampiero , Quarto Giovanna , Schubert Markus , Berner Marcel , Freitas Paulo P. , Cardoso Susana , Franco Fernando , Silverio Vânia , Lopez-Martinez Maria , Hilbig Urs , Freudenberger Kathrin , Gauglitz Günter , Becker Holger , Gärtner Claudia , O’Connell Mark T. , Baldini Francesco 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present paper describes a compact point of care (POC) optical device for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The core of the device is a disposable plastic chip where an immunoassay for the determination of immunosuppressants takes place. The chip is designed in order to have ten parallel microchannels allowing the simultaneous detection of more than one analyte with replicate measurements. The device is equipped with a microfluidic system, which provides sample mixing with the necessary chemicals and pumping samples, reagents and buffers into the measurement chip, and with integrated thin film amorphous silicon photodiodes for the fluorescence detection. Submicrometric fluorescent magnetic particles are used as support in the immunoassay in order to improve the efficiency of the assay. In particular, the magnetic feature is used to concentrate the antibody onto the sensing layer leading to a much faster implementation of the assay, while the fluorescent feature is used to increase the optical signal leading to a larger optical dynamic change and consequently a better sensitivity and a lower limit of detection. The design and development of the whole integrated optical device are here illustrated. In addition, detection of mycophenolic acid and cyclosporine A in spiked solutions and in microdialysate samples from patient blood with the implemented device are reported.
Graphical abstract
Effekt der „low-dose PDT“ auf die choriokapilläre Perfusion bei cCRCS
Authors: Reifeltshammer E. , Feucht N. , Lohmann C. P. , Maier M. 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Bei Patienten mit chronischer Chorioretinopathia centralis serosa (cCRCS) soll die „low-dose photodynamische Therapie“ (PDT) über eine kurzfristige choriokapilläre Minderperfusion zu einem langfristigen vaskulären Umbau mit konsekutiver Reduktion der vaskulären Hyperpermeabilität und Leckage führen. Ob sich die verminderte Perfusion gänzlich normalisiert, bleibt jedoch ungeklärt. Hauptziel der retrospektiv angelegten Studie war es, das choriokapilläre Flusssignal nach „low-dose PDT“ mittels optischer Kohärenztomographie-Angiographie (OCT‑A) zu analysieren.

Patienten und Methoden
Eingeschlossen wurden 19 im Rahmen der „low-dose PDT“ belichtete Areale an 16 Augen. Neben der Erhebung von Visus und Metamorphopsien wurden ein „enhanced depth imaging-OCT“ (EDI-OCT) und eine OCT-Angiographie mit Zentrierung auf das bei der „low-dose PDT“ belichtete Areal angefertigt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie wurden das choriokapilläre Flusssignal sowie die chorioidale Dicke innerhalb eines genormten Bezirks sowohl im Bereich der PDT-Applikation als auch in einem unbeleuchteten Referenzareal in direkter Nähe mit gleicher Exzentrizität in Bezug auf die Fovea centralis retrospektiv ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Es konnten im Mittel eine Abnahme des choriokapillären Flusssignals um 33 % (p < 0,001) im belichteten Areal gegenüber dem Referenzareal sowie eine im Durchschnitt um 71 µm (p = 0,001) verminderte Aderhautdicke im Vergleich zum Referenzareal gezeigt werden; 7 von 10 Patienten beklagten trotz „low-dose PDT“ langfristig Metamorphopsien, jedoch ergab sich durch die Therapie bei fast der Hälfte der Patienten eine Visusverbesserung.

Schlussfolgerungen
Durch die OCT-Angiographie konnte gezeigt werden, dass die „low-dose PDT“ im Bereich der Choriokapillaris ein vermindertes Blutflusssignal zurücklässt und somit das vaskuläre Remodelling die thrombosebedingte Hypoperfusion nicht gänzlich kompensiert.