bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The atypical Rho GTPase Rnd2 is critical for dentate granule neuron development and anxiety-like behavior during adult but not neonatal neurogenesis
Authors: Kerloch Thomas , Farrugia Fanny , Bouit Lou , Maître Marlène , Terral Geoffrey , Koehl Muriel , Mortessagne Pierre , Heng Julian Ik-Tsen , Blanchard Mylène , Doat Hélène , Leste-Lasserre Thierry , Goron Adeline , Gonzales Delphine , Perrais David , Guillemot François , Abrous Djoher Nora , Pacary Emilie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite the central role of Rho GTPases in neuronal development, their functions in adult hippocampal neurogenesis remain poorly explored. Here, by using a retrovirus-based loss-of-function approach in vivo, we show that the atypical Rho GTPase Rnd2 is crucial for survival, positioning, somatodendritic morphogenesis, and functional maturation of adult-born dentate granule neurons. Interestingly, most of these functions are specific to granule neurons generated during adulthood since the deletion ofRnd2in neonatally-born granule neurons only affects dendritogenesis. In addition, suppression ofRnd2in adult-born dentate granule neurons increases anxiety-like behavior whereas its deletion in pups has no such effect, a finding supporting the adult neurogenesis hypothesis of anxiety disorders. Thus, our results are in line with the view that adult neurogenesis is not a simple continuation of earlier processes from development, and establish a causal relationship between Rnd2 expression and anxiety.
A novel function of NLRP3 independent of inflammasome as a key transcription factor of IL-33 in epithelial cells of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Zheng Jie , Yao Lu , Zhou Yijing , Gu Xiaoqun , Wang Can , Bao Kaifan , Sun Yang , Hong Min 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions. Interleukin (IL)−33, a cytokine of the IL-1 family, was found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. As a key component of the inflammasome, NLRP3 has been mostly described in myeloid cells that to mediate inflammasome activation conducted proinflammatory cytokine production of the IL-1 family. However, the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of AD, as well as IL-33 processing are highly controversial. Whether NLRP3 can mediate IL-33 expression and secretion independently of the inflammasome in the epithelium of AD has remained unclear. In this article, we found the mRNA expression ofIl33andNlrp3were notably increased in the lesional skin of AD patients compared to healthy controls. We then found a significant positive correlation between the expression ofNlrp3andIl33in the epithelium of MC903-mediated AD mice model, but no changes were observed forIl36α,Il36γ,Il1β, orIl18mRNA expression, as well as IL-1β or IL-18 production. Overexpression of NLRP3 in human immortalized epithelial cells increased IL-33 expression, whereas siRNA targeting NLRP3 abolished IL-33 expression. In addition, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation or caspase-1 activity with MCC950 or VX-765 showed no effect on the expression and secretion of IL-33 in AD mice. Unlike myeloid cells, NLRP3 predominantly located in the nucleus of epithelial cells, which could directly bind toIl33specific-promoters and transactivate it through an interaction with transcription factor IRF4. Furthermore, NLRP3 deficient mice exhibited a significant alleviated epidermis inflammation and decreased mRNA expression and secretion of IL-33 in MC903-mediated AD mice without interfering with TSLP and IL-1β production. Our results demonstrate a novel ability of NLRP3 to function as a crucial transcription factor of IL-33 in epithelium independently of inflammasome that to mediate the pathological process of AD.
Multiband charge density wave exposed in a transition metal dichalcogenide
Authors: Pásztor Árpád , Scarfato Alessandro , Spera Marcello , Flicker Felix , Barreteau Céline , Giannini Enrico , Wezel Jasper van , Renner Christoph 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn the presence of multiple bands, well-known electronic instabilities may acquire new complexity. While multiband superconductivity is the subject of extensive studies, the possibility of multiband charge density waves (CDWs) has been largely ignored so far. Here, combining energy dependent scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) topography with a simple model of the charge modulations and a self-consistent calculation of the CDW gap, we find evidence for a multiband CDW in 2H-NbSe2. This CDW not only involves the opening of a gap on the inner band around the K-point, but also on the outer band. This leads to spatially out-of-phase charge modulations from electrons on these two bands, which we detect through a characteristic energy dependence of the CDW contrast in STM images.
Genetic investigation of fibromuscular dysplasia identifies risk loci and shared genetics with common cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Georges Adrien , Yang Min-Lee , Berrandou Takiy-Eddine , Bakker Mark K. , Dikilitas Ozan , Kiando Soto Romuald , Ma Lijiang , Satterfield Benjamin A. , Sengupta Sebanti , Yu Mengyao , Deleuze Jean-François , Dupré Delia , Hunker Kristina L. , Kyryachenko Sergiy , Liu Lu , Sayoud-Sadeg Ines , Amar Laurence , Brummett Chad M. , Coleman Dawn M. , d’Escamard Valentina , de Leeuw Peter , Fendrikova-Mahlay Natalia , Kadian-Dodov Daniella , Li Jun Z. , Lorthioir Aurélien , Pappaccogli Marco , Prejbisz Aleksander , Smigielski Witold , Stanley James C. , Zawistowski Matthew , Zhou Xiang , Zöllner Sebastian ,   FEIRI investigators, de Leeuw Peter ,   International Stroke Genetics Consortium (ISGC) Intracranial Aneurysm Working Group,   MEGASTROKE, Amouyel Philippe , De Buyzere Marc L. , Debette Stéphanie , Dobrowolski Piotr , Drygas Wojciech , Gornik Heather L. , Olin Jeffrey W. , Piwonski Jerzy , Rietzschel Ernst R. , Ruigrok Ynte M. , Vikkula Miikka , Warchol Celinska Ewa , Januszewicz Andrzej , Kullo Iftikhar J. , Azizi Michel ,   ARCADIA Investigators, Jeunemaitre Xavier , Persu Alexandre , Kovacic Jason C. , Ganesh Santhi K. , Bouatia-Naji Nabila 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an arteriopathy associated with hypertension, stroke and myocardial infarction, affecting mostly women. We report results from the first genome-wide association meta-analysis of six studies including 1556 FMD cases and 7100 controls. We find an estimate of SNP-based heritability compatible with FMD having a polygenic basis, and report four robustly associated loci (PHACTR1, LRP1, ATP2B1, and LIMA1). Transcriptome-wide association analysis in arteries identifies one additional locus (SLC24A3). We characterize open chromatin in arterial primary cells and find that FMD associated variants are located in arterial-specific regulatory elements. Target genes are broadly involved in mechanisms related to actin cytoskeleton and intracellular calcium homeostasis, central to vascular contraction. We find significant genetic overlap between FMD and more common cardiovascular diseases and traits including blood pressure, migraine, intracranial aneurysm, and coronary artery disease.
Rational design of mechanically robust Ni-rich cathode materials via concentration gradient strategy
Authors: Liu Tongchao , Yu Lei , Lu Jun , Zhou Tao , Huang Xiaojing , Cai Zhonghou , Dai Alvin , Gim Jihyeon , Ren Yang , Xiao Xianghui , Holt Martin V. , Chu Yong S. , Arslan Ilke , Wen Jianguo , Amine Khalil 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMechanical integrity issues such as particle cracking are considered one of the leading causes of structural deterioration and limited long-term cycle stability for Ni-rich cathode materials of Li-ion batteries. Indeed, the detrimental effects generated from the crack formation are not yet entirely addressed. Here, applying physicochemical and electrochemical ex situ and in situ characterizations, the effect of Co and Mn on the mechanical properties of the Ni-rich material are thoroughly investigated. As a result, we successfully mitigate the particle cracking issue in Ni-rich cathodes via rational concentration gradient design without sacrificing the electrode capacity. Our result reveals that the Co-enriched surface design in Ni-rich particles benefits from its low stiffness, which can effectively suppress the formation of particle cracking. Meanwhile, the Mn-enriched core limits internal expansion and improve structural integrity. The concentration gradient design also promotes morphological stability and cycling performances in Li metal coin cell configuration.
Damaged brain accelerates bone healing by releasing small extracellular vesicles that target osteoprogenitors
Authors: Xia Wei , Xie Jing , Cai Zhiqing , Liu Xuhua , Wen Jing , Cui Zhong-Kai , Zhao Run , Zhou Xiaomei , Chen Jiahui , Mao Xinru , Gu Zhengtao , Zou Zhimin , Zou Zhipeng , Zhang Yue , Zhao Ming , Mac Maegele , Song Qiancheng , Bai Xiaochun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractClinical evidence has established that concomitant traumatic brain injury (TBI) accelerates bone healing, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study shows that after TBI, injured neurons, mainly those in the hippocampus, release osteogenic microRNA (miRNA)-enriched small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which targeted osteoprogenitors in bone to stimulate bone formation. We show that miR-328a-3p and miR-150-5p, enriched in the sEVs after TBI, promote osteogenesis by directly targeting the 3′UTR of FOXO4 or CBL, respectively, and hydrogel carrying miR-328a-3p-containing sEVs efficiently repaires bone defects in rats. Importantly, increased fibronectin expression on sEVs surface contributes to targeting of osteoprogenitors in bone by TBI sEVs, thereby implying that modification of the sEVs surface fibronectin could be used in bone-targeted drug delivery. Together, our work unveils a role of central regulation in bone formation and a clear link between injured neurons and osteogenitors, both in animals and clinical settings.
Three chromosome-scale Papaver genomes reveal punctuated patchwork evolution of the morphinan and noscapine biosynthesis pathway
Authors: Yang Xiaofei , Gao Shenghan , Guo Li , Wang Bo , Jia Yanyan , Zhou Jian , Che Yizhuo , Jia Peng , Lin Jiadong , Xu Tun , Sun Jianyong , Ye Kai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor millions of years, plants evolve plenty of structurally diverse secondary metabolites (SM) to support their sessile lifestyles through continuous biochemical pathway innovation. While new genes commonly drive the evolution of plant SM pathway, how a full biosynthetic pathway evolves remains poorly understood. The evolution of pathway involves recruiting new genes along the reaction cascade forwardly, backwardly, or in a patchwork manner. With three chromosome-scale Papaver genome assemblies, we here reveal whole-genome duplications (WGDs) apparently accelerate chromosomal rearrangements with a nonrandom distribution towards SM optimization. A burst of structural variants involving fusions, translocations and duplications within 7.7 million years have assembled nine genes into the benzylisoquinoline alkaloids gene cluster, following a punctuated patchwork model. Biosynthetic gene copies and their total expression matter to morphinan production. Our results demonstrate how new genes have been recruited from a WGD-induced repertoire of unregulated enzymes with promiscuous reactivities to innovate efficient metabolic pathways with spatiotemporal constraint.
High-dimensional neural network potentials for magnetic systems using spin-dependent atom-centered symmetry functions
Authors: Eckhoff Marco , Behler Jörg 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMachine learning potentials have emerged as a powerful tool to extend the time and length scales of first-principles quality simulations. Still, most machine learning potentials cannot distinguish different electronic spin arrangements and thus are not applicable to materials in different magnetic states. Here we propose spin-dependent atom-centered symmetry functions as a type of descriptor taking the atomic spin degrees of freedom into account. When used as an input for a high-dimensional neural network potential (HDNNP), accurate potential energy surfaces of multicomponent systems can be constructed, describing multiple collinear magnetic states. We demonstrate the performance of these magnetic HDNNPs for the case of manganese oxide, MnO. The method predicts the magnetically distorted rhombohedral structure in excellent agreement with density functional theory and experiment. Its efficiency allows to determine the Néel temperature considering structural fluctuations, entropic effects, and defects. The method is general and is expected to be useful also for other types of systems such as oligonuclear transition metal complexes.
CAR T cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a phase 1 trial
Authors: Cordoba Shaun , Onuoha Shimobi , Thomas Simon , Pignataro Daniela Soriano , Hough Rachael , Ghorashian Sara , Vora Ajay , Bonney Denise , Veys Paul , Rao Kanchan , Lucchini Giovanna , Chiesa Robert , Chu Jan , Clark Liz , Fung Mei Mei , Smith Koval , Peticone Carlotta , Al-Hajj Muhammad , Baldan Vania , Ferrari Mathieu , Srivastava Saket , Jha Ram , Arce Vargas Frederick , Duffy Kevin , Day William , Virgo Paul , Wheeler Lucy , Hancock Jeremy , Farzaneh Farzin , Domning Sabine , Zhang Yiyun , Khokhar Nushmia Z. , Peddareddigari Vijay G. R. , Wynn Robert , Pule Martin , Amrolia Persis J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 or CD22 have shown remarkable activity in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The major cause of treatment failure is antigen downregulation or loss. Dual antigen targeting could potentially prevent this, but the clinical safety and efficacy of CAR T cells targeting both CD19 and CD22 remain unclear. We conducted a phase 1 trial in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL (n = 15) to test AUTO3, autologous transduced T cells expressing both anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 CARs (AMELIA trial, EUDRA CT 2016-004680-39). The primary endpoints were the incidence of grade 3–5 toxicity in the dose-limiting toxicity period and the frequency of dose-limiting toxicities. Secondary endpoints included the rate of morphological remission (complete response or complete response with incomplete bone marrow recovery) with minimal residual disease-negative response, as well as the frequency and severity of adverse events, expansion and persistence of AUTO3, duration of B cell aplasia, and overall and event-free survival. The study endpoints were met. AUTO3 showed a favorable safety profile, with no dose-limiting toxicities or cases of AUTO3-related severe cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxicity reported. At 1 month after treatment the remission rate (that is, complete response or complete response with incomplete bone marrow recovery) was 86% (13 of 15 patients). The 1 year overall and event-free survival rates were 60% and 32%, respectively. Relapses were probably due to limited long-term AUTO3 persistence. Strategies to improve CAR T cell persistence are needed to fully realize the potential of dual targeting CAR T cell therapy in B-ALL.
A text-mining based analysis of 100,000 tumours affecting dogs and cats in the United Kingdom
Authors: Rodríguez José , Killick David R. , Ressel Lorenzo , Espinosa de los Monteros Antonio , Santana Angelo , Beck Samuel , Cian Francesco , McKay Jenny S. , Noble P. J. , Pinchbeck Gina L. , Singleton David A. , Radford Alan D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCancer is a major reason for veterinary consultation, especially in companion animals. Cancer surveillance plays a key role in prevention but opportunities for such surveillance in companion animals are limited by the lack of suitable veterinary population health infrastructures. In this paper we describe a pathology-based animal tumour registry (PTR) developed within the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network (SAVSNET) built from electronic pathology records (EPR) submitted to this network. From an original collection of 180232 free text (non-structured) EPRs reported between April 2018 and June 2019, we used specific text-mining methodologies to identify 109895 neoplasias. These data were normalized to describe both the tumour (type and location) and the animal (breed, neutering status and veterinary practice postcode). The resulting PTR, the largest of its kind for companion animals to date, is an important research resource being able to facilitate a wide array of research in areas including surveillance, clinical decision making and comparative cancer biology.
Task-evoked simultaneous FDG-PET and fMRI data for measurement of neural metabolism in the human visual cortex
Authors: Jamadar Sharna D. , Zhong Shenjun , Carey Alexandra , McIntyre Richard , Ward Phillip G. D. , Fornito Alex , Premaratne Malin , Jon Shah N , O’Brien Kieran , Stäb Daniel , Chen Zhaolin , Egan Gary F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how the living human brain functions requires sophisticated in vivo neuroimaging technologies to characterise the complexity of neuroanatomy, neural function, and brain metabolism. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) studies of human brain function have historically been limited in their capacity to measure dynamic neural activity. Simultaneous [18 F]-FDG-PET and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with FDG infusion protocols enable examination of dynamic changes in cerebral glucose metabolism simultaneously with dynamic changes in blood oxygenation. The Monash vis-fPET-fMRI dataset is a simultaneously acquired FDG-fPET/BOLD-fMRI dataset acquired from n = 10 healthy adults (18–49 yrs) whilst they viewed a flickering checkerboard task. The dataset contains both raw (unprocessed) images and source data organized according to the BIDS specification. The source data includes PET listmode, normalization, sinogram and physiology data. Here, the technical feasibility of using opensource frameworks to reconstruct the PET listmode data is demonstrated. The dataset has significant re-use value for the development of new processing pipelines, signal optimisation methods, and to formulate new hypotheses concerning the relationship between neuronal glucose uptake and cerebral haemodynamics.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of FDG PET-CT in patients with suspected recurrent thymic epithelial tumors
Authors: Hou Guozhu , Jiang Yuanyuan , Li Fang , Cheng Wuying 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of FDG PET/CT in patients with suspected recurrent thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). We retrospectively reviewed 83 patients with histopathologically proven TETs (50 thymomas; 33 thymic carcinomas) who underwent FDG PET/CT after surgery. The sensitivity and specificity of FDG PET/CT in detecting recurrence were calculated. The progression-free survival rate (PFS) was calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method. FDG PET/CT results were positive in 50 patients and negative in 33. Recurrent TETs were confirmed in 40 of 50 patients with positive PET/CT findings. The sensitivity and specificity of FDG PET/CT were 100% and 76.7%, respectively. Disease progression occurred in 28 patients during the follow-up. FDG PET/CT showed added prognostic value over the Masaoka stage and histopathology. Among patients with the same Masaoka stage, negative PET/CT was significantly associated with better PFS (P < 0.001). Similarly, among patients with the same histopathology, negative PET/CT was also associated with a significantly longer PFS (P < 0.001). FDG PET/CT demonstrated a good diagnostic performance in patients with recurrent TETs and had an important prognostic value in assessing the risk of disease progression.
Free-moving Quantitative Gamma-ray Imaging
Authors: Hellfeld Daniel , Bandstra Mark S. , Vavrek Jayson R. , Gunter Donald L. , Curtis Joseph C. , Salathe Marco , Pavlovsky Ryan , Negut Victor , Barton Paul J. , Cates Joshua W. , Quiter Brian J. , Cooper Reynold J. , Vetter Kai , Joshi Tenzing H. Y. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe ability to map and estimate the activity of radiological source distributions in unknown three-dimensional environments has applications in the prevention and response to radiological accidents or threats as well as the enforcement and verification of international nuclear non-proliferation agreements. Such a capability requires well-characterized detector response functions, accurate time-dependent detector position and orientation data, a digitized representation of the surrounding 3D environment, and appropriate image reconstruction and uncertainty quantification methods. We have previously demonstrated 3D mapping of gamma-ray emitters with free-moving detector systems on a relative intensity scale using a technique called Scene Data Fusion (SDF). Here we characterize the detector response of a multi-element gamma-ray imaging system using experimentally benchmarked Monte Carlo simulations and perform 3D mapping on an absolute intensity scale. We present experimental reconstruction results from hand-carried and airborne measurements with point-like and distributed sources in known configurations, demonstratingquantitativeSDF in complex 3D environments.
High-speed camera recordings uncover previously unidentified elements of zebrafish mating behaviors integral to successful fertilization
Authors: Zempo Buntaro , Tanaka Natsuko , Daikoku Eriko , Ono Fumihito 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe mating behavior of teleost fish consists of a sequence of stereotyped actions. By observing mating of zebrafish under high-speed video, we analyzed and characterized a behavioral cascade leading to successful fertilization. When paired, a male zebrafish engages the female by oscillating his body in high frequency (quivering). In response, the female pauses swimming and bends her body (freezing). Subsequently, the male contorts his trunk to enfold the female’s trunk. This behavior is known as wrap around. Here, we found that wrap around behavior consists of two previously unidentified components. After both sexes contort their trunks, the male adjusts until his trunk compresses the female’s dorsal fin (hooking). After hooking, the male trunk slides away from the female’s dorsal fin, simultaneously sliding his pectoral fin across the female’s gravid belly, stimulating egg release (squeezing/spawning). Orchestrated coordination of spawning presumably increases fertilization success. Surgical removal of the female dorsal fin inhibited hooking and the transition to squeezing. In a neuromuscular mutant where males lack quivering, female freezing and subsequent courtship behaviors were absent. We thus identified traits of zebrafish mating behavior and clarified their roles in successful mating.