bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chapter 33: Neoarchean Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia
Authors: Tripp Gerard I. , Tosdal Richard M. , Blenkinsop Thomas , Rogers Jamie R. , Halley Scott 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Neoarchean greenstone-hosted gold deposits in the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane of the Yilgarn craton of Western Australia are diverse in style, timing with respect to magmatic activity, structural environment, host rocks, and geochemical character. Geologic constraints for the range of gold deposits indicate deposit formation synchronous with volcanism, synchronous with syn- and postvolcanic intrusion, synchronous with postvolcanic deformation in faults and shear zones, or some combination of superposed events over time. The gold deposits are distributed as clusters along linear belt-parallel fault zones internal to greenstone belts but show no association with major terrane boundary faults. World-class gold districts are associated with the thickest, internal parts of the greenstone belts identified by stratigraphic preservation and low metamorphic grades. Ore-proximal faults in those regions are more commonly associated with syn- and postvolcanic structures related to greenstone construction and deformation rather than major terrane amalgamation. Using the Kalgoorlie district as a template, the gold deposits show a predictable regional association with thicker greenstone rocks overlain unconformably by coarse clastic rock sequences in the uppermost units of the greenstone stratigraphy. At a camp scale, major gold deposits show a spatial association with unconformable epiclastic and volcaniclastic rocks located above an unconformity internal to the Black Flag Group. Distinct episodes of gold deposition in coincident locations suggest fundamental crustal structural controls provided by the fault architecture. Late penetrative deformation and metamorphism overprinted the greenstone rocks and the older components of many gold deposits and were accompanied by major gold deposition in late quartz-carbonate veins localized in crustal shear zones or their higher order fault splays.
Chapter 37: Giant Placers of the Upper Kolyma Gold Fields, Yana-Kolyma Province, Russian Northeast
Authors: Goryachev N. A. , Yakubchuk A. S. , Litvinenko I. S. , Lozhkin A. V. , Pruss Yu.V. , Smirnov V. N. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Upper Kolyma gold placers of northeastern Russia produced 2,700 metric tons (t) Au. Approximately 40% of this gold was extracted from just five placers, Chai-Yuria, Berelekh, Maldyak, Malyi At-Yuryakh, and Omchak, and their immediate tributaries. The placers were derived from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous lode deposits, formed during sinistral translation subsequent to the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane accretion to the Verkhoyansk passive margin of the Siberian craton. The metallogenic events produced either abundant and widespread small quartz veins or more localized large to superlarge quartz stockworks and disseminated gold deposits. These orogenic gold deposits acted as a principal hard-rock source during formation of the gold placers, beginning in the Late Cretaceous but most importantly during the Cenozoic. Tectonic, geomorphologic, and climatic factors at a triple junction of the North American, Eurasian, and Okhotsk lithospheric plates provided the ultimate controls on placer formation.
Comorbidades e procedimentos assistenciais correlatos ao desenvolvimento de retinopatia da prematuridade
Authors: Pastro Joziana , Viera Cláudia Silveira , Balieiro Maria Magda Ferreira Gomes , Toso Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: descrever as principais comorbidades e os procedimentos assistenciais correlatos ao desenvolvimento de Retinopatia da Prematuridade em Recém-Nascidos Prematuros hospitalizados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Material e Método: estudo observacional quantitativo, com coleta de dados documental, obtida de 181 prontuários hospitalares de recém-nascidos prematuros, referente ao período de janeiro de 2014 a junho de 2016, em município de médio porte no Paraná. A análise estatística foi descritiva e inferencial. O estudo foi aprovado por comitê de ética em pesquisa.Resultados: Prevaleceu o diagnóstico doenças respiratórias (41,99%; p-valor < 0,109), seguido da comorbidade sepse (63,54%; p-valor < 0,357). Necessitaram de transfusão de sangue 80 bebês (44,20%; p-valor < 0,001), e 152 (83,98%; p-valor < 0,001) fizeram uso de oxigenioterapia. A retinopatia da prematuridade prevaleceu nos prematuros moderados (44%), sendo o grau 3 o mais grave encontrado. Conclusão: doenças respiratórias, sepse e procedimentos como a transfusão de sangue, a oxigenioterapia e a cateterização intravenosa influenciaram na presença do agravo, com maior incidência em prematuros moderados.
Het Bezoldigingslandsbesluit 1998 en het Besluit rechtspositie Korps Politie Nederlandse Antillen 2000
Authors: Rogier L.J.J. 
Published: September 2021

Het Bezoldigingslandsbesluit 1998 en het Besluit rechtspositie Korps Politie Nederlandse Antillen 2000
Na de herstructurering van de Nederlandse Antillen op 10 oktober 2010 rees de vraag of het Bezoldigingslandsbesluit 1998 van de Nederlandse Antillen en het Besluit rechtspositie Korps Politie Nederlandse Antillen 2000 nog wel van kracht waren. Het eerste landsbesluit was opgehangen aan de Landsverordening Materieel Ambtenarenrecht 1964 van de Nederlandse Antillen. Het tweede landsbesluit aan de Politieregeling 1999, eveneens een landsverordening van de Nederlandse Antillen. Beide besluiten zijn van kracht gebleven. Het Bezoldigingslandsbesluit is blijven voortbestaan als uitvoeringsbesluit van de huidige Landsverordening Materieel Ambtenarenrecht van Curaçao. En het Besluit rechtspositie Korps Politie Nederlandse Antillen 2000 is thans opgehangen aan de nieuwe Politieregeling 2019.
State Support for Families with Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia: Institutional Grammar Tool Analysis
Authors: Bagirova Anna , Kuznetsova Evgeniya , Blednova Natalia 
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is characterised by active law-making processes aimed at health care and support of different categories of population in many countries in the world. Starting from 2019, due to negative demographic trends, Russia has experienced the active transformation of the state support system for families having children. This trend has strengthened during the pandemic. Our research aims to analyse the internal characteristics of the family policy, namely the state support for families having children, during the year preceding pandemic and within the pandemic period. We consider the dynamics of the family policy architecture by means of Institutional Grammar Tool (IGT) analysis and demonstrate the opportunities for using the results of such analyses in the highly dynamic situation of the COVID-19 pandemic.
We analysed 11 federal legal acts adopted in Russia after January 1, 2020 that addressed parents and offered support for families with children. These acts contain 78 institutional statements that we coded in accordance with the IGT rules, defining the attributes, objects, deontics and conditions in each sentence. Our results are as follows: 1) Russian family policy before and during COVID-19 pandemic can be divided into three stages, including the short-term second stage from the beginning of 2020 to the beginning of the pandemic. The most obvious changes in the three stages are seen in terms of the Objects and Conditions of the institutional statements. At the second and third stages we see a major expansion of support receivers (the Objects) as well as changes in the Conditions for the benefits gain. Conditions vary greatly and differ in terms of regularity of measure and the type of the payment granted; 2) Legal acts adopted do not always indicate clear Attributes, i.e., the subjects (federal and regional authorities) responsible for the implementation of the particular rule sometimes can hinder the implementation of the regulation; 3) Classification of the parameters of the main support measures in the framework and categories of the IGT analyses lead us to the probable concept of the information policy that would be clear to the beneficiaries of support measures.
Extracting Accountability
Authors: Smith Jessica M. 
Published: September 2021

How engineers in the mining and oil and gas industries attempt to reconcile competing domains of public accountability.
The growing movement toward corporate social responsibility (CSR) urges corporations to promote the well-being of people and the planet rather than the sole pursuit of profit. In Extracting Accountability, Jessica Smith investigates how the public accountability of corporations emerges from the everyday practices of the engineers who work for them. Focusing on engineers who view social responsibility as central to their profession, she finds the corporate context of their work prompts them to attempt to reconcile competing domains of accountability—to formal guidelines, standards, and policies; to professional ideals; to the public; and to themselves. Their efforts are complicated by the distributed agency they experience as corporate actors: they are not always authors of their actions and frequently act through others.
Drawing on extensive interviews, archival research, and fieldwork, Smith traces the ways that engineers in the mining and oil and gas industries accounted for their actions to multiple publics—from critics of their industry to their own friends and families. She shows how the social license to operate and an underlying pragmatism lead engineers to ask how resource production can be done responsibly rather than whether it should be done at all. She analyzes the liminality of engineering consultants, who experienced greater professional autonomy but often felt hamstrung when positioned as outsiders. Finally, she explores how critical participation in engineering education can nurture new accountabilities and chart more sustainable resource futures.
GenACO a multi-objective cached data offloading optimization based on genetic algorithm and ant colony optimization
Authors: Indana Zulfa Mulki , Hartanto Rudy , Erna Permanasari Adhistya , Ali Waleed 
Published: September 2021

Background
Data exchange and management have been observed to be improving with the rapid growth of 5G technology, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Moreover, edge computing is expected to quickly serve extensive and massive data requests despite its limited storage capacity. Such a situation needs data caching and offloading capabilities for proper distribution to users. These capabilities also need to be optimized due to the experience constraints, such as data priority determination, limited storage, and execution time.

Methods
We proposed a novel framework called Genetic and Ant Colony Optimization (GenACO) to improve the performance of the cached data optimization implemented in previous research by providing a more optimum objective function value. GenACO improves the solution selection probability mechanism to ensure a more reliable balancing of the exploration and exploitation process involved in finding solutions. Moreover, the GenACO has two modes: cyclic and non-cyclic, confirmed to have the ability to increase the optimal cached data solution, improve average solution quality, and reduce the total time consumption from the previous research results.

Result
The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed GenACO outperformed the previous work by minimizing the objective function of cached data optimization from 0.4374 to 0.4350 and reducing the time consumption by up to 47%.
The clinical diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy: a scoping review
Authors: Matthews Wesley , Ellis Richard , Furness James , Hing Wayne A. 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundAchilles tendinopathy describes the clinical presentation of pain localised to the Achilles tendon and associated loss of function with tendon loading activities. However, clinicians display differing approaches to the diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy due to inconsistency in the clinical terminology, an evolving understanding of the pathophysiology, and the lack of consensus on clinical tests which could be considered the gold standard for diagnosing Achilles tendinopathy. The primary aim of this scoping review is to provide a method for clinically diagnosing Achilles tendinopathy that aligns with the nine core health domains.MethodologyA scoping review was conducted to synthesise available evidence on the clinical diagnosis and clinical outcome measures of Achilles tendinopathy. Extracted data included author, year of publication, participant characteristics, methods for diagnosing Achilles tendinopathy and outcome measures.ResultsA total of 159 articles were included in this scoping review. The most commonly used subjective measure was self-reported location of pain, while additional measures included pain with tendon loading activity, duration of symptoms and tendon stiffness. The most commonly identified objective clinical test for Achilles tendinopathy was tendon palpation (including pain on palpation, localised tendon thickening or localised swelling). Further objective tests used to assess Achilles tendinopathy included tendon pain during loading activities (single-leg heel raises and hopping) and the Royal London Hospital Test and the Painful Arc Sign. The VISA-A questionnaire as the most commonly used outcome measure to monitor Achilles tendinopathy. However, psychological factors (PES, TKS and PCS) and overall quality of life (SF-12, SF-36 and EQ-5D-5L) were less frequently measured.ConclusionsThere is significant variation in the methodology and outcome measures used to diagnose Achilles tendinopathy. A method for diagnosing Achilles tendinopathy is proposed, that includes both results from the scoping review and recent recommendations for reporting results in tendinopathy.
Application of intra-arterial chemotherapy in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: You Chengyu , Li Xianhui , Du Yuelin , Wang Hui , Zhang Xiaojun , Wei Tangqiang , Wang Anguo 
Published: September 2021

Background
To summarize the current evidence on the effects of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) on high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and compare oncology results with intravesical chemotherapy (IVC).

Methods
We performed a systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis of the primary outcomes of interest by a systematical search of multiple scientific databases in February 2021. The mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) were calculated for continuous and dichotomous variables respectively, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The hazard radio (HR) with 95% CIs was used for overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results
A total of six studies with 866 patients were included. For IAC combined with IVC versus IVC alone, statistically significant differences were found regarding tumor recurrence rate (OR: 0.51, 95% CI [0.36∼0.72], p = 0.0001), tumor progression rate (OR: 0.47, 95% CI [0.30∼0.72], p = 0.0006), tumor-specific death rate (OR: 0.49, 95% CI [0.25∼0.99], p = 0.05), PFS (HR: 0.47, 95% CI [0.23∼0.96], p = 0.04) and RFS (HR: 0.60, 95% CI [0.41∼0.87], p = 0.007). No significant difference between two groups was found for time to first recurrence (MD: 3.27, 95% CI [−2.37∼8.92], p = 0.26) and OS (HR: 1.20, 95% CI [0.44∼3.32], p = 0.72). For IAC alone versus IVC, There was no statistical difference in the terms of tumor-specific death rate (OR: 0.67, 95% CI [0.29∼1.53], p = 0.34), RFS (HR: 0.90, 95% CI [0.56∼1.46], p = 0.68) and PFS (HR: 0.71, 95% CI [0.32∼1.55], p = 0.39). Adverse events mainly included nausea/vomiting (36.3%), hypoleukemia (19.4%), neutropenia (16.0%), increased creatinine (9.9%), increased alanine aminotransferase (18.7%), and thrombocytopenia (9.9%).

Conclusion
The IAC combined with IVC is a safe and effective treatment for high risk NMIBC, with lower rates of recurrence, progression, tumor-specific death, PFS and RFS, and with minor and tolerable events. The effectiveness of the IAC alone is parallel to the IVC alone.
Impact of Low Intensity Exercise on Liver Enzymes (ALT & ALP)
Authors: Khan Alamgir , Butt Muhammad Zafar Iqbal , Khan Shahzaman , Nazir Sobia , Asghar Ejaz , Khan Samiullah , Selamoglu Zeliha , Jamil Muhammad , Manan Abdul 
Published: September 2021

This particular research study was basically carried out for the purpose to examine the impact of low intensity exercise on two particular liver enzymes i.e. alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphate (ALP). 20 Non sportsmen were selected as subjects of the study (n=20, age 20 to 30 years (20.95±3.79), Body Mass Index (BMI) from 18 to 30 (25.90±5.54). Similarly the subjects were divided into two groups (Experimental Group and Control Group) through the application of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and measurement of Maximum Heart Rate (MHR). 12 weeks self-made low intensity exercise protocol was applied to an experimental group. 5ml blood was collected from all subjects to measure the effect of low intensity exercise on ALT and ALP. The data of pre and post-test were processed through SPSS version 24. Based on analysis and findings, the researcher concluded that in experimental group (EXG) the level of ALT and ALP was found significantly higher (p<0.05) as compared to control group (CG). Based on conclusion, it is hereby recommended by the researcher that for the purpose to promote the functional capacity of liver, low as well as moderate intensity exercise should be performed on daily basis. In addition, in this study due to lack of financial resources, two basic liver enzymes i.e.ALT and ALP were measured, therefore the other enzymes like as AST and bilirubin also need to be examined in such other research studies.
Separation and Determination of Process Related Impurities in Palbociclib: A Rp-hplc Study
Authors: Srikanth D. , Ganapaty S. , Reddy P. Manik , Sowjanya G. , Sunitha K. 
Published: September 2021

Aims: A new gradient RP-HPLC method was developed for the separation and determination of process related impurities in Palbociclib.
Methodology: The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Inert sustain swift (C18) column using a mobile phase comprising of perchloric acid and acetonitrile in a gradient mode at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. over a runtime of 50 minutes. All the eluants were monitored at 230 nm. The optimized method was validated as per ICH guidelines for various parameters.
Results: The linearity of the method was proposed in the range of LOQ to 250 % for the drug and its impurities by subjecting the data obtained to statistical analysis using correlation coefficient model (r > 0.99). The method also gave acceptable recovery of all the four impurities at each level and was found to be accurate. The % RSD obtained in the method precision and intermediate precision were less than 2% depicting the precision of the method. The LOD and LOQ values were calculated based on the signal to noise ratio and are indicating the sensitivity of the method. The specificity of the method was checked in the presence of process related impurities and also degradants generated by exposing to a variety of forced degradation conditions.
Conclusion: The proposed RP-HPLC method for the determination of process related impurities of Palbociclib could be routinely used in the quality control testing.
Optimisation of Lactic Acid Fermentation from Cassava Peel by Lactobacillus casei (ATCC334)
Authors: Zakariyah Rahmat Folashade , Ojo Micheal Oluwaseyi , Ajijolakewu Kamoldeen Abiodun , Saliu Kudirat Bolanle , Ahmed Risikat Nike , Agbabiaka Tariq Oluwakunmi , Sani Alhassan 
Published: September 2021

The demand for lactic acid is steadily increasing due to the desire of its bioproduction over chemical synthesis. The associated cost, however, is a significant hurdle. This study reports lactic acid fermentation by Lactobacillus casei ATCC334 from cassava peel. It investigates the effect of unhydrolysed cassava peels, acidic, alkali hydrolysates; fermenting pH; substrate concentration; nitrogen source concentration; duration; and inoculum size. An attempt at a cheaper purification and recovery protocol relative to those currently in use was similarly performed. Acidic hydrolysate yielded 10.53%, unhydrolysed substrate gave 4.80% with alkali hydrolysate yielding 4.75%. The highest LA yield was obtained at pH 6.0, 2.0% v/v inoculum size, 25% w/v substrate concentration, 5% nitrogen source concentration. A post-optimisation combination yielded 18.3% LA suggesting that one-factor-at-a-time may be unsuitable for optimisation studies involving cassava peel and L. casei ATCC334. FTIR spectra of product suggests effective partial purification. Hence, an improvement in the optimization strategy for production is recommended for subsequent study.
Kribbellaceae
Authors: Meyers Paul R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Kri.bel.la.ce'ae. N.L. fem. dim. n.
Kribbella
, type genus of the family; L. fem. pl. suff.
‐aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Kribbellaceae
, the
Kribbella
family.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Propionibacteriales / Kribbellaceae

Aerobic
, but some species also show weak growth under anaerobic conditions.
Gram‐stain‐positive
but may be variable. Non‐acid‐fast.
Produce extensively branched substrate hyphae
.
Aerial hyphae are produced
on certain agar media. Short chains of conidia may occur on aerial hyphae. Both the substrate and aerial
hyphae usually undergo fragmentation to produce irregular rod‐shaped to coccoid, nonmotile, elements
. Endospores are not formed.
Chemoorganotrophic.
Catalase‐positive. Oxidase‐variable.
Mesophilic
, nonhalophilic, and prefer a neutral to mildly alkaline pH.

The cell‐wall peptidoglycan contains
ll
‐diaminopimelic acid

, alanine, glutamic acid, and glycine (peptidoglycan type A3γ). The muramic acid residue of the peptidoglycan is

N

‐
acetylated
. The tetrahydrogenated menaquinone with nine isoprene units [
MK‐9(H

4

)] is the major respiratory quinone. The main cellular fatty acids are saturated iso‐ and anteiso‐branched acids (C

15:0

anteiso, C

16:0

iso
,
and C

15:0

iso)
, with
C

15:0

anteiso usually present in the greatest proportion. Mycolic acids are absent.
The diagnostic component of the polar lipid pattern is phosphatidylcholine
; additional principal polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol.

Source
: A wide range of natural terrestrial habitats worldwide, mostly in soils of different origin.

DNA G
+
C content
(
mol
%): 67.0–70.6 (based on 18
Kribbella
type‐strain genome sequences).

Type genus
:
Kribbella
Park et al. 1999
VP
.
Rubripirellula
Authors: Lage Olga Maria , Calisto Rita 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Ru.bri.pi.rel'lu.la. L. masc. adj.
ruber
, red; N.L. fem. dim. n.
Pirellula
, name of a bacterial genus; N.L. fem. dim. n.
Rubripirellula
, red‐colored
Pirellula
.

Planctomycetes / Planctomycetia / Pirellulales / Pirellulaceae / Rubripirellula

Planctomycetes
of the genus
Rubripirellula
form pink‐ to red‐pigmented colonies. The cells are variable in shape, from spherical to ovoid and pear shaped, and usually are organized in rosettes or aggregates. Members of this genus possess a dimorphic cell cycle with budding reproduction. Crateriform pits with a polar location and fimbriae in the reproductive cell pole are present. Cells can be surrounded by a thick cell wall and a glycocalyx and gathered by a holdfast. These bacteria are chemoheterotrophic, neutrophilic to alkaliphilic, and mesophilic. The genome sizes vary from 6.96 to 7.98 Mb, and the DNA G + C content is in the range of 53.7–56.2%. The genus is a member of the class
Planctomycetia
, order
Pirellulales
, and family
Pirellulaceae
. The known habitats are marine and brackish environments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 53.7–56.2 (genome sequence).

Type species
:
Rubripirellula obstinata
Bondoso et al. 2015, VL171.