bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion Coefficient and Viscosity of Methyl Viologen Electrolyte Estimation Based on a Kinetic Monte Carlo Computational Approach Coupled with the Mean Square Displacement Method
Authors: Yu Jia , Baudrin Emmanuel , Franco Alejandro A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMethyl viologen (MV) and its derivatives are emerging as promising candidates within the organic redox flow battery community due to their commendable reversibility and rapid reaction kinetics. However, experimental observations reveal the influence of solute concentration on the diffusion coefficient and the tendency of MV+ to form dimers or multimers, affecting electrolyte viscosity. Traditional characterization methods may not fully capture these properties. To explore concentration and state of charge effects on diffusion coefficient and viscosity, a kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) model coupled with mean square displacement analysis is introduced. The kMC model offers a 3D simulation space with expandable periodic boundary conditions, enabling realistic ion movement. The mean square displacement (MSD) algorithm extracts diffusion coefficients, followed by the estimation of the electrolyte viscosity using the Stokes‐Einstein equation. Validation with NaCl solutions precedes adaptation to simulate MV+⋅diffusion coefficients at 1.5 M with varying states of charge (SoC), aligning with experimental data. Simulation results indicate increased multimerization at higherSoCs. The diffusion coefficient of fully charged MV+⋅decreases with electrolyte concentration due to dimer and multimer formation. This modeling approach provides insights into MV+⋅behavior, crucial for organic redox flow battery development.
Noisy Retrieval of Experienced Probabilities Underlies Rational Judgment of Uncertain Multiple Events
Authors: Spiliopoulos Leonidas , Hertwig Ralph 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLearning the probabilities of multiple events from the environment is an important core competency of any organism. In our within‐participant experiment, participants experienced samples from two distributions, or prospects, each comprised of two to four events, and were required to provide simultaneous, rather than sequential, judgment of the likelihood of the complete set of observed events. Empirical calibration curves that map experienced probabilities to subjective probabilities reveal that the degree of underextremity (overestimation of low likelihood events and underestimation of high likelihood events) is strongly conditional on the number of judged events. We uncover two regularities conditional on the number of events that modify (a) the crossover points of the calibration curves with the identity line and (b) the gradient or sensitivity of probability judgments. We present a process model of elicited (subjective) probabilities that captures these empirical regularities. Experienced events recalled from memory may be erroneously attributed to the wrong events based on the similarity of event outcomes. We conclude that the observed miscalibration of probability judgments can be attributed to the noisy retrieval component of a rational process‐based decision model. We discuss the implications of our model for the conflicting empirical findings of overweighting and underweighting in the decisions from experience literature. Finally, we show that reliance on small samples can be an ecologically rational strategy for a bounded rational decision‐maker (subject to noisy recall), as aggregated subjective probabilities are closer to the ecological probabilities than the experienced (or sampled) probabilities are.
Predatory competition, student expectations, unclear purpose: University leaders’ perceptions of the ‘neoliberal future’ of higher education in Brazil
Authors: Romani‐Dias Marcello , Filho João Lins Pereira , Moraes Gabriela Fracasso , dos Santos Barbosa Aline , Kerschbaumer Fernando Eduardo , dos Santos Danielle Denes 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study examines the role of predatory competition, student expectations and unclear institutional purposes in shaping the main management challenges present in Brazilian universities. The study explores the experiences, perceptions and recommendations of 42 rectors and academic directors working in Brazilian universities regarding the future of higher education in the country. In‐depth interviews with these university leaders generated 482 pages of transcripts, analysed inductively and based on the content analysis technique. The data analysis indicates that managers, especially those who work in more recent private universities and do not belong to the large educational groups that dominate higher education in Brazil, will possibly face the greatest management challenges. The study results indicate the complex academic environment of Brazilian higher education institutions, dominated by harmful neoliberal principles, and characterised by low collaboration between higher education institutions, price wars, difficulty in differentiation, neglect of student expectations, conflicting interests, questioned legitimacy and institutional instability. The study offers recommendations for Brazilian universities to orient themselves towards the ‘neoliberal future’, especially by adopting a strategy to expand their educational services based on constant dialogue with the market, developing modern service management that focuses on people and improves the experience of its students, and defining a clear institutional purpose aligned with the demands of society and more deeply with the principles of sustainability and social responsibility.
Designing a Simple Quinoline‐Based Chromo‐Fluorogenic Receptor for Highly Specific Quantification of Copper (II) Ions: Environmental and Bioimaging Applications
Authors: Durgaparameshwari Murugavel , Kaviya Karuppaiyan , Prabakaran D. S. , Santhamoorthy Madhappan , Rajamanikandan Ramar , Al‐Ansari Mysoon M. , Mani Kailasam Saravana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMany industries use copper metal ions (Cu2+ ions), and their salts are utilized as supplemental materials in both agriculture and medicine. Identifying and monitoring these Cu2+ ions in biological and environmental specimens is crucial due to their association with several health issues. In this investigation, we have designed a simple quinoline‐based receptor (E)‐3‐(((2,4‐di‐tert‐butyl‐5‐hydroxyphenyl)imino)methyl)‐6‐methoxyquinolin‐2(1H)‐one (QAP) containing imine functional groups to inspect its capability to identify metal ions in a semi‐aqueous medium. The photophysical characteristics and structural confirmation of the receptor QAP were investigated using various spectroscopic techniques. Among various metal ions, the receptor QAP displayed an intense color shift from slightly yellow to strong yellow in the existence of Cu2+ ions, as visualized by the nude eye. Furthermore, the fluorescence spectral maximum wavelength at 485 nm and the strong cyan fluorescence color were quenched upon introducing Cu2+ ions. The alteration in the spectral and colorimetric features of QAP with Cu2+ ions is due to coordination complex formation. The present sensor shows the linear range from 3 to 69 μM, subsequent in a computed limit of detection as 3.16 nM, which is much lower than that of the maximum threshold of Cu2+ ions in drinking water set by WHO. Therefore, the receptor can respond to Cu2+ ions sensing in two ways: by changing color and by quenching fluorescence. The binding mode of the Cu2+ ions to the functional groups of the receptor QAP is a 1:1 stoichiometry, according to ESI‐mass, Job's plot analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) computations. The practical utility of the fluorescent receptor QAP was applied for Cu2+ ions determination in environmental samples (drinking, tap, and dam water) and cancer cells (HeLa cells).
Fluorescent Staining–Assisted Evaluation of the Anticancer Potential of Nyctanthes arbor‐tristis Extracts in HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells
Authors: Murali Jeeva , Rajendran Venkatesh , Balasubramanian Venkatrajah , Sampath Shobana , AlSalhi Mohamad S. , Devanesan Sandhanasamy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe current study's initial goal was to investigate the anticancer activity of the extracts from the flowering plant Nyctanthes arbor‐tristis. The ethanol extracts' phytochemical analysis was qualitatively determined. It was determined that the various phytochemical substances had antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. GC‐MS analysis revealed compounds like maleic anhydride, butanedioic acid, and oxalic acid emphasize the antioxidant and anticancer properties. MTT assay was investigated against three different cell lines (HepG2, A549, and MCF7). High level of resistance to HepG2 liver cancer cell lines was noted with ethanol flower extracts with IC50 value of 67.98 μg/mL. EtBr staining assay revealed HepG2 apoptotic cells displaying nuclear and membrane alterations when exposed to 70 μg/mL of ethanol extract. The cells treated with 70 μg/mL of extract showed a reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, as evidenced by the MMP assay, which showed red fluorescence decreasing and green fluorescence increasing. DNA fragmentation analysis showed HepG2 cancer cells showed no signs of DNA fragmentation after being treated with 50 μM treatments of flower extracts for 72 h. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis showed increased Bcl2 gene expression with fold variation level of about 0.086094579. The obtained results emphasized the significance of Nyctanthes arbor‐tristis extracts with a suggestion of chemotherapeutic medication to treat various cancers in the future.
GOLPH3‐STIP1 Complex Activates STAT3 Through Exosome Secretion to Induce Colon Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Guo Yanta , Hong Zhongshi , Huang Sifu , Wu Yuze , Qiu Chengzhi , Xu Jianhua 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWith a high mortality rate, colon cancer (CC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide. The primary causes are thought to be the high invasiveness and migration of CC cells. The functions of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3), stress‐induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in the invasion and migration of CC cells were examined in this study. We collected the exosomes by high‐speed centrifugation. The expressions of GOLPH3, STIP1, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins in CC tissues, cells, and exosomes were analyzed using Western blotting (WB) experiments. The abilities of CC cell invasion and migration were evaluated by the Transwell assay. The binding relationship between GOLPH3 and STIP1 was validated through Co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP), and their sublocalization in CC cells was determined by immunofluorescence detection under laser confocal microscopy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) experiments detected the expression levels of each protein in the transplanted tumor mass. Animal experiments confirmed the impact of the GOLPH3/STIP1/STAT3 regulatory axis on CC growth. We found that in CC tissues and cells, GOLPH3 was highly expressed, and silencing GOLPH3 not only greatly reduced CC cell invasion and migration but also prevented EMT. Furthermore, GOLPH3 and STIP1 interacted in CC cells, and the GOLPH3‐STIP1 complex affected the capacity for cell invasion and migration by triggering the STAT3 signaling pathway. Noteworthily, GOLPH3, and STIP1 could also be detected in CC cell exosomes, and the exosomes carried the GOLPH3‐ST1P1 complex to act on CC cells to activate intracellular STAT3 signaling, ultimately affecting the cancer cell migration and invasion. The above molecular regulatory mechanisms have also been validated in mice. In conclusion, the GOLPH3‐STIP1 complex acted on surrounding CC cells through exosomes and activated the STAT3 signaling pathway to stimulate CC cell invasion and migration.
Seasonal Variations in Triptan Prescription in Japan: A Nationwide Time‐Series Analysis
Authors: Tatsumoto Muneto , Hirata Koichi , Nakayama Takeo , Yamato Kentaro , Sano Hiromi , Inuyama Lyo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate seasonal differences in migraine onset in Japan and associated trends in the prescription of triptan.BackgroundThe relationship between seasonal changes and the onset of migraine remains largely unknown.MethodsWe combined the large‐scale medical claims data in Japan with city‐level meteorological data presented by the Japan Weather Association. The study period was from January 2018 to December 2019. We included patients aged 18–74 years and diagnosed with migraine who had been prescribed triptans in 2018. Patients were categorized into four groups according to the seasons when they were prescribed medicines: winter (January–March), spring (April–June), summer (July–September), and autumn (October–December). Migraine onsets were defined by the time of triptan prescription. The least‐square mean differences between the seasons were estimated with linear mixed‐effects models for repeated measures, adjusting for the following covariates: sex, age, acute migraine medications, and medications for migraine prevention, comorbidities that can induce migraine, other comorbidities, and the estimated age of menopause in females.ResultsWe analyzed data of 12,986 patients in 2019 after triptan had been prescribed (female 74.1%). The mean age was 44.1 years. The mean number of amounts of prescriptions comprised 2.12 tablets/month in spring and summer, whereas there were only 2.09 tablets/month in autumn and 2.00 tablets/month in winter. The amount of triptan prescribed in winter was lower than in spring (β = −0.117; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.169 to −0.065).ConclusionThe study results suggest that seasons can have an impact on the onset of migraine; thus, clinicians may advise patients to take preventive actions, including self‐care and drug therapies, from the winter stage. This should be done in order to reduce the number of migraine onsets in high‐risk season (spring) regardless of region.
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Acute Stroke Management Questionnaire
Authors: Adadıoğlu Öznur , Acar Bilgehan Atılgan , Acar Türkan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe current research was carried out to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Acute Stroke Management Questionnaire (ASMaQ), developed to determine the acute stroke management awareness of health‐care professionals.MethodsThis methodological study was performed in a training and research hospital. Data were collected using the “Participant Interview Form” and the Acute Stroke Management Questionnaire.ResultsThe Content Validity Index (CVI) of the Acute Stroke Management Questionnaire was found to be 0.91. As a result of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), it was revealed that the scale, which was adapted to Turkish, consisted of 3‐factor and 29 items, as in its original form. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 3‐factor structure of the scale. The ASMaQ exhibited strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.96) and test–retest reliability (0.879).ConclusionThe 29‐item and three‐dimensional structure of the Acute Stroke Management Questionnaire was revealed to be a valid and reliable measurement tool that could be utilized in evaluating the acute stroke management awareness of health‐care professionals in the Turkish language and culture.
Community Participation in Native American and White Individuals After Traumatic Brain Injury: A 5‐Year Longitudinal Model Systems Study
Authors: Watson Jack D. , Perrin Paul B. , Xia Bridget , Arango‐Lasprilla Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurpose/ObjectiveThis study examined (a) differences in demographic and injury‐related characteristics following traumatic brain injury (TBI) between Native American and White individuals; (b) differences in community participation between Native American and White individuals with TBI at 1, 2, and 5 years after TBI; and (c) whether demographic or injury‐related characteristics account for community participation disparities.Research Method/DesignA sample of 63 Native American individuals demographically matched to 63 White individuals (n = 126) was enrolled while on acute rehabilitation for moderate or severe TBI. Baseline demographic and injury‐related characteristics were collected at this time and the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools (PART‐O) measure of community participation at 1, 2, and 5 years after TBI.ResultsNative American individuals were less likely to have private insurance and be employed at the time of injury and more likely to have had lower educational attainment and engaged in binge drinking in the month prior to TBI compared to White individuals. Native American individuals demonstrated lower Out and About scores but statistically equivalent Social and Productivity scores. The difference in Out and About scores did not change as a function of time, and the overall difference between the two groups dissipated with the inclusion of statistically different sociodemographic variables.Conclusions/ImplicationsClinicians can provide culturally sensitive, patient‐ and family‐centered care by conducting comprehensive interviews and identifying strengths as well as risk factors that enhance or hinder community participation after TBI in Native American individuals.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness Meditation Combined With BrainLink Intelligent Biofeedback Instrument on Pancreatic Cancer Patients Under Chemotherapy
Authors: Mi Na , Zhang Shu‐Ting , Sun Xiao‐Li , Li Ting , Liao Yu , Dong Lei , Chu Ling‐Ling 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdjuvant chemotherapy can promote the 5‐year overall survival rate of pancreatic cancer (PC) patients to 16%–21%. However, the negative emotions of patients, such as anxiety, are usually omitted. Moreover, their disease burden concentrates on pain symptoms, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. How to improve the negative emotions of PC patients, alleviate their pain, and ameliorate their quality of life has become an urgent issue.Objective:To explore the effect of mindfulness meditation (MM) combined with the BrainLink intelligent biofeedback instrument on the anxiety, pain, brain fatigue, and quality of life of PC patients under chemotherapy.Method:A total of 145 PC patients under chemotherapy were admitted to the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University from January 2022 to March 2024 and were incorporated as study objects. They were divided into a control group (n = 72) and a test group (n = 73) according to the random number table. The control group received routine nursing treatment; the experimental group was treated with MM combined with an intelligent biofeedback instrument. The general information, anxiety (SAS), pain (VAS), EEG signal data (degrees of fatigue, concentration, and relaxation and EEG waves), and quality of life (EORTC QLQ‐C30) of the two groups before intervention and 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks after intervention were compared.ResultThere is no significant difference in baseline data and pathological features between the two groups. After the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks of intervention, the SAS values of the experimental group are remarkably lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). In the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks of intervention, the VAS scores of the experimental group are apparently lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). In the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks of intervention, the score of the quality of life (EORTC QLQ‐C30) in the experimental group is significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). In the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks, compared with the control group, the experimental group patients showed significant improvement in brain fatigue relief, concentration, and relaxation levels (p < 0.05), while the experimental group's brain α and θ. The wave showed an upward trend (p < 0.05).ConclusionMM combined with the BrainLink intelligent biofeedback instrument can significantly mitigate the anxiety, pain severity, and brain fatigue relief degree of PC patients under chemotherapy, thereby promoting their quality of life. It provides a novel intervention for the psychosomatic health of PC patients under chemotherapy.
The Antagonism Hypothesis: A New View on the Emergence of Consciousness
Authors: Xiong Weirui , Yu Lu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThe generation of consciousness poses a complex scientific challenge. Neuroscience and biological sciences have extensively studied this phenomenon, yielding numerous theories and hypotheses. However, to date, no reliable evidence has emerged to exclude any hypothesis conclusively, nor has any theory garnered unanimous agreement. This study aims to offer novel insights for further in‐depth study on consciousness.MethodA new theoretical hypothesis was proposed based on reviews and comments from predictive processing theory, information theory, thermodynamics, and neuroscience.FindingsThis study argues that, first, it is necessary to clarify that the core implication of the concept of consciousness is first‐person perception. Accordingly, the study of consciousness is based on this premise. Second, on this basis, the antagonistic hypothesis of consciousness generation was proposed. This hypothesis holds that consciousness arises from the antagonism of mature individual experiences that cannot be seamlessly integrated with the function of addressing and navigating these conflicts.ConclusionThe antagonism hypothesis is a new concept regarding the generation of consciousness that deserves further study.
IGF2BP2 Shapes the Tumor Microenvironment by Regulating Monocyte and Macrophage Recruitment in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Li Jianpeng , Jiang Yunzhong , Ma Minghai , Wang Lu , Jing Minxuan , Yang Zezhong , Wang Lizhao , Qiu Quanpeng , Song Rundong , Pu Yuanchun , Zhang Yuanquan , Mei Nan , Zhang Mengzhao , Fan Jinhai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundImmunotherapy has shown promise for bladder cancer (BC) treatment but is effective only in a subset of patients. Understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its regulators, such as the expression of N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) regulators, may improve therapeutic outcomes. This study focuses on the role of IGF2BP2, an m6A reader, in modulating the BC TME.MethodsTranscriptomic and single‐cell RNA‐seq data from public databases were analyzed to identify BC subgroups and investigate IGF2BP2's role in the TME. Clustering and PCA identified key m6A regulators. NicheNet and SCENIC analyses were used to predict cell–cell interactions and transcriptional regulators, respectively. IGF2BP2's role in macrophage recruitment was validated via co‐culture experiments and RNA sequencing.ResultsUnsupervised clustering identified BC subgroups with distinct TME characteristics, with IGF2BP2 emerging as a key regulator associated with poor prognosis and reduced response to immunotherapy. Single‐cell analysis revealed IGF2BP2's high expression in the GE‐9 epithelial subpopulation, characterized by immune evasion features and cytokine‐mediated macrophage recruitment. NicheNet analysis showed that GE‐9 cells interact with monocyte/macrophage populations through cytokine signaling. Co‐culture experiments confirmed IGF2BP2's role in recruiting macrophages, partially mediated by CCL2. Furthermore, IGF2BP2 expression was linked to immunosuppressive M2‐like and SPP1+ macrophages, contributing to an angiogenesis‐promoting and immunosuppressive TME.ConclusionIGF2BP2 shapes the BC TME by modulating macrophage infiltration and polarization, leading to an immunosuppressive microenvironment that hinders immunotherapy. Targeting IGF2BP2 could enhance the efficacy of current therapies and improve patient outcomes.