bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of redox homeostasis in cadmium stressed rice field cyanobacteria by exogenous hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide
Authors: Verma Nidhi , Prasad Sheo Mohan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn the present study, defensive strategies of H2O2 mediated NO signaling were analyzed in Cd stressed Nostoc muscorum and Anabaena sp. Exogenously supplied SNP (10 µM) and H2O2 (1 µM) lessen the toxicity of Cd (6 µM) but without NO; H2O2 was unable to release the stress from cyanobacterial cells potentially. The reduced contents of exopolysaccharide, protein content, endogenous NO and enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, POD, CAT, and GST) due to Cd toxicity, were found increased significantly after exogenous application of H2O2 and SNP thereafter, cyanobacterial calls flourished much better after releasing toxic level of Cd. Moreover, increased level of ROS due to Cd stress also normalized under exogenous application of H2O2 and SNP. However, chelation of NO hindered the signaling mechanism of H2O2 that diminished its potential against Cd stress while signaling of NO has not been hindered by chelation of H2O2 and NO potentially released the Cd stress from cyanobacterial cells. In conclusion, current findings demonstrated the synergistic signaling between H2O2 and NO towards the improvement of cyanobacterial tolerance to Cd stress, thereby enhancing the growth and antioxidant defense system of test cyanobacteria that improved fertility and productivity of soil even under the situation of metal contamination.
Dysregulation of lipid metabolism and pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Caterino Marianna , Gelzo Monica , Sol Stefano , Fedele Roberta , Annunziata Anna , Calabrese Cecilia , Fiorentino Giuseppe , D’Abbraccio Maurizio , Dell’Isola Chiara , Fusco Francesco Maria , Parrella Roberto , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Gentile Ivan , Andolfo Immacolata , Capasso Mario , Costanzo Michele , Daniele Aurora , Marchese Emanuela , Polito Rita , Russo Roberta , Missero Caterina , Ruoppolo Margherita , Castaldo Giuseppe 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent months, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread throughout the world. COVID-19 patients show mild, moderate or severe symptoms with the latter ones requiring access to specialized intensive care. SARS-CoV-2 infections, pathogenesis and progression have not been clearly elucidated yet, thus forcing the development of many complementary approaches to identify candidate cellular pathways involved in disease progression. Host lipids play a critical role in the virus life, being the double-membrane vesicles a key factor in coronavirus replication. Moreover, lipid biogenesis pathways affect receptor-mediated virus entry at the endosomal cell surface and modulate virus propagation. In this study, targeted lipidomic analysis coupled with proinflammatory cytokines and alarmins measurement were carried out in serum of COVID-19 patients characterized by different severity degree. Serum IL-26, a cytokine involved in IL-17 pathway, TSLP and adiponectin were measured and correlated to lipid COVID-19 patient profiles. These results could be important for the classification of the COVID-19 disease and the identification of therapeutic targets.
Population structure, genetic diversity and genomic selection signatures among a Brazilian common bean germplasm
Authors: Delfini Jessica , Moda-Cirino Vânia , dos Santos Neto José , Ruas Paulo Maurício , Sant’Ana Gustavo César , Gepts Paul , Gonçalves Leandro Simões Azeredo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBrazil is the world's largest producer of common bean. Knowledge of the genetic diversity and relatedness of accessions adapted to Brazilian conditions is of great importance for the conservation of germplasm and for directing breeding programs aimed at the development of new cultivars. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) of a diversity panel consisting of 219 common bean accessions, most of which belonging to the Mesoamerican gene pool. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of these accessions allowed the identification of 49,817 SNPs with minor allele frequency > 0.05. Of these, 17,149 and 12,876 were exclusive to the Mesoamerican and Andean pools, respectively, and 11,805 SNPs could differentiate the two gene pools. Further the separation according to the gene pool, bayesian analysis of the population structure showed a subdivision of the Mesoamerican accessions based on the origin and color of the seed tegument. LD analysis revealed the occurrence of long linkage blocks and low LD decay with physical distance between SNPs (LD half decay in 249 kb, corrected for population structure and relatedness). The GBS technique could effectively characterize the Brazilian common bean germplasms, and the diversity panel used in this study may be of great use in future genome-wide association studies.
Predicting structural material degradation in advanced nuclear reactors with ion irradiation
Authors: Taller Stephen , VanCoevering Gerrit , Wirth Brian D. , Was Gary S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSwelling associated with the formation and growth of cavities is among the most damaging of radiation-induced degradation modes for structural materials in advanced nuclear reactor concepts. Ion irradiation has emerged as the only practical option to rapidly assess swelling in candidate materials. For decades, researchers have tried to simulate the harsh environment in a nuclear reactor in the laboratory at an accelerated rate. Here we present the first case in which swelling in a candidate alloy irradiated ~ 2 years in a nuclear reactor was replicated using dual ion irradiation in ~ 1 day with precise control over damage rate, helium injection rate, and temperature and utilize physical models to predict the effects of radiation in reactors. The capability to predict and replicate the complex processes surrounding cavity nucleation and growth across many decades of radiation dose rate highlights the potential of accelerated radiation damage experiments. More importantly, it demonstrates the capability to predict the swelling evolution and the possibility to predict other features of the irradiated microstructure evolution that control material property degradation required to accelerate the development of new, radiation-tolerant materials.
Reappraisal of the prognostic value of Epstein-Barr virus status in monomorphic post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders–diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Kim Jwa Hoon , Cho Hyungwoo , Sung Heungsup , Jung Ah Ra , Lee Yoon Sei , Lee Sang-wook , Ryu Jin-Sook , Chae Eun Jin , Kim Kyoung Won , Huh Jooryung , Park Chan-Sik , Yoon Dok Hyun , Suh Cheolwon 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe role of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in the blood for predicting survival in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders–diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PTLD–DLBCL) is unknown. We evaluated the prognostic values of pre-treatment EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) detected with in situ hybridization in tissues and EBV DNA in the whole blood (WB) and plasma in 58 patients with monomorphic PTLD–DLBCL after solid organ transplantation. There were no significant differences in the rates of overall response, complete response, and survival according to EBER EBV and WB EBV status. In contrast, patients with positive plasma EBV DNA had significantly lower rates of overall response (60.0% vs. 94.4%, P = 0.043) and complete response (40.0% vs. 88.9%, P = 0.019) as well as worse progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.035) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.039) compared with patients with negative plasma EBV DNA. In multivariate analysis, plasma EBV DNA positivity was a significantly unfavorable prognostic factor for PFS [hazard ratio (HR) 4.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22–19.86, P = 0.025] and OS (HR 4.48, 95% CI 1.14–17.63, P = 0.032). Despite small number of 6 patients with plasma EBV positivity, plasma EBV DNA positivity might be more prognostic for survival than EBER or WB EBV DNA positivity in patients with monomorphic PTLD–DLBCL.
Feasibility of ex vivo fluorescence imaging of angiogenesis in (non-) culprit human carotid atherosclerotic plaques using bevacizumab-800CW
Authors: Huisman Lydian A. , Steinkamp Pieter J. , Hillebrands Jan-Luuk , Zeebregts Clark J. , Linssen Matthijs D. , Jorritsma-Smit Annelies , Slart Riemer H. J. A. , van Dam Gooitzen M. , Boersma Hendrikus H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is assumed to play a crucial role in the development and rupture of vulnerable plaques in the atherosclerotic process. We used a VEGF-A targeted fluorescent antibody (bevacizumab-IRDye800CW [bevacizumab-800CW]) to image and visualize the distribution of VEGF-A in (non-)culprit carotid plaques ex vivo. Freshly endarterectomized human plaques (n = 15) were incubated in bevacizumab-800CW ex vivo. Subsequent NIRF imaging showed a more intense fluorescent signal in the culprit plaques (n = 11) than in the non-culprit plaques (n = 3). A plaque received from an asymptomatic patient showed pathologic features similar to the culprit plaques. Cross-correlation with VEGF-A immunohistochemistry showed co-localization of VEGF-A over-expression in 91% of the fluorescent culprit plaques, while no VEGF-A expression was found in the non-culprit plaques (p < 0.0001). VEGF-A expression was co-localized with CD34, a marker for angiogenesis (p < 0.001). Ex vivo near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging by incubation with bevacizumab-800CW shows promise for visualizing VEGF-A overexpression in culprit atherosclerotic plaques in vivo.
Metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome composition associated with vitamin D supplementation in Taiwanese infants
Authors: Lei Wei-Te , Huang Kai-Yao , Jhong Jhih-Hua , Chen Chia-Hung , Weng Shun-Long 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEarly childhood is a critical stage for the foundation and development of the gut microbiome, large amounts of essential nutrients are required such as vitamin D. Vitamin D plays an important role in regulating calcium homeostasis, and deficiency can impair bone mineralization. In addition, most people know that breastfeeding is advocated to be the best thing for a newborn; however, exclusively breastfeeding infants are not easily able to absorb an adequate amount of vitamin D from breast milk. Understanding the effects of vitamin D supplementation on gut microbiome can improve the knowledge of infant health and development. A total of 62 fecal sample from healthy infants were collected in Taiwan. Of the 62 infants, 31 were exclusively breastfed infants and 31 were mixed- or formula-fed infants. For each feeding type, one subgroup of infants received 400 IU of vitamin D per day, and the remaining infants received a placebo. In total, there are 15 breastfed and 20 formula-fed infants with additional vitamin D supplementation, and 16 breastfed and 11 formula-fed infants belong to control group, respectively. We performed a comparative metagenomic analysis to investigate the distribution and diversity of infant gut microbiota among different types of feeding regimes with and without vitamin D supplementation. Our results reveal that the characteristics of infant gut microbiota not only depend on the feeding types but also on nutrients intake, and demonstrated that the vitamin D plays an important role in modulating the infant gut microbiota, especially increase the proportion of probiotics in breast-fed infants.
Antibiotic selection based on microbiology and resistance profiles of bile from gallbladder of patients with acute cholecystitis
Authors: Suh Suk-Won , Choi Yoo Shin , Choi Seong-Ho , Do Jae Hyuk , Oh Hyoung-Chul , Kim Hong Jin , Lee Seung Eun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWith the progression of acute cholecystitis, antimicrobial therapy becomes important for infection control. Current antibiotic recommendations were mostly based on reports of patients with acute cholangitis whose bile specimens were sampled from the biliary tract. However, as most infections of acute cholecystitis are limited to the gallbladder, direct sampling from the site increases the probability of identifying the causative pathogen. We investigated 321 positive bile cultures from 931 patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between January 2003 and December 2017. The frequency of enterococci declined (P = 0.041), whereas that of Enterobacteriales (P = 0.005), particularly Escherichia (P = 0.008), increased over time. The incidence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriales showed a significant increasing trend (P = 0.031). Vancomycin-resistant E.faecium, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriales were recently observed. In grade I and II acute cholecystitis, there were no significant differences in perioperative outcomes in patients with and without early appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In conclusion, the changing incidence of frequently isolated microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance over time would be considered before selecting antibiotics for the treatment of acute cholecystitis. Surgery might be a crucial component of infection control in grade I and II acute cholecystitis.
Silicon nitride: a potent solid-state bioceramic inactivator of ssRNA viruses
Authors: Pezzotti Giuseppe , Boschetto Francesco , Ohgitani Eriko , Fujita Yuki , Zhu Wenliang , Marin Elia , McEntire Bryan J. , Bal B. Sonny , Mazda Osam 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSurface inactivation of human microbial pathogens has a long history. The Smith Papyrus (2600 ~ 2200 B.C.) described the use of copper surfaces to sterilize chest wounds and drinking water. Brass and bronze on doorknobs can discourage microbial spread in hospitals, and metal-base surface coatings are used in hygiene-sensitive environments, both as inactivators and modulators of cellular immunity. A limitation of these approaches is that the reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) generated at metal surfaces also damage human cells by oxidizing their proteins and lipids. Silicon nitride (Si3N4) is a non-oxide ceramic compound with known surface bacterial resistance. We show here that off-stoichiometric reactions at Si3N4 surfaces are also capable of inactivating different types of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses independent of whether their structure presents an envelop or not. The antiviral property of Si3N4 derives from a hydrolysis reaction at its surface and the subsequent formation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in doses that could be metabolized by mammalian cells but are lethal to pathogens. Real-time reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests of viral RNA and in situ Raman spectroscopy suggested that the products of Si3N4 hydrolysis directly react with viral proteins and RNA. Si3N4 may have a role in controlling human epidemics related to ssRNA mutant viruses.
Modified technique of extraperitoneal colostomy without incision of the posterior rectus sheath
Authors: Zhang Tao , Yang Daye , Sun Gongping , Zhang Dewei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractExtraperitoneal colostomy is a widely used technique during abdominoperineal resection (APR) operation for lower rectal cancer. This technique has been reported to be effective to prevent the postoperative parastomal hernia in some retrospective studies, however, there is still a certain incidence of parastomal hernia. A modification of the extraperitoneal colostomy technique is described in this paper that keeps posterior rectal sheath intact instead of having a conventional incision, to further reduce the risk of parastomal hernia. Until now, this modified technique has been performed in 15 patients, no occurrence of parastomal hernia was observed.
Recurrence after radical and partial nephrectomy in high complex renal tumor using propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Kim Hwanik , Kim Jung Kwon , Ye Changhee , Choi Joon Hyeok , Lee Hakmin , Oh Jong Jin , Lee Sangchul , Hong Sung Kyu , Byun Seok-Soo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe evaluated the recurrence after radical and partial nephrectomy in patients with RENAL nephrometry score [RENAL] ≥ 10. A total of 474 patients (radical nephrectomy [RN, n = 236] & partial nephrectomy [PN, n = 238]) in a single tertiary referral institution from December 2003 to December 2019 were assessed. Functional outcomes, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate changes, relapse pattern, recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using propensity score-matched analysis. The predictors of recurrence and survival were assessed by Cox-regression analysis. 44 patients in the RN group and 88 in the PN group were included without significant differences in preoperative clinical factors after matching. The PN patients achieved significantly higher renal function preservation rates (p < 0.001). There were five recurrences in RN and six in PN. The PN patients revealed 5-year RFS rate (86.8%), 5-year CSS rate (98.5%), and 5-year OS rate (98.5%) comparable to the RN patients (RFS: 88.7% [p = 0.780], CSS: 96.7% [p = 0.375], and OS: 94.3% [p = 0.248]). Patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 23 had lower 5-year RFS rates (85.5%) and OS rates (95.6%) than those with BMI < 23 (RFS: 90.0% [p = 0.195], OS: 100% [p = 0.117]) without significance. The significant predictor of recurrence was the pathologic T stage (hazard ratio [HR] 3.99, 95% confidence [CI] 1.10–14.50, p = 0.036). The significant predictor of death was the R domain of the RENAL (HR 3.80, 95% CI 1.03–14.11, p = 0.046). PN, if technically feasible, could be considered to preserve renal function in patients with RENAL ≥ 10. Nonetheless, PN needs to be implemented with caution in some patients due to the higher potentiality for recurrence and poor survival.
Virtual resource mapping in inter‐cell interference‐constrained ultra‐dense networks
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Zhikun , Liu Yangbo , Zhao Haitao , Sun Yanfei , Zhu Hongbo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUltra‐dense networking is considered an effective solution to achieve high capacity in 5G networks. However, the densely distributed base stations (BSs) in ultra‐dense networks (UDNs) make the inter‐cell interference much more serious than that in traditional cellular networks. Therefore, it is important to mitigate inter‐cell interference in the UDNs to improve network performance. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel virtual resource mapping algorithm that includes a resource reservation (RR) algorithm and a real‐time resource embedding (RE) algorithm. Specifically, according to the number of services predicted by a dynamic service model, the RR algorithm is proposed to determine the sets of multiplexing BSs in the next time cycle and reserve channel resource required by each BS. Then, to further reduce inter‐cell interference, the real‐time RE algorithm is proposed to allocate the channel resource in real time. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance in terms of signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio and acceptance ratio, compared to the existing algorithms, such as the frequency reuse channel allocation algorithm and inter‐cell interference coordination algorithm.
AGB and RGB stars in the dwarf irregular galaxy Leo A
Authors: Leščinskaitė Alina , Stonkutė Rima , Vansevičius Vladas 
Published: February 2021

Context. Leo A is a gas-rich dwarf irregular galaxy of low stellar mass located in the outskirts of the Local Group. It has an extended star formation history with stellar populations spanning a wide age range (∼0.01−10 Gyr). As Leo A is a well-isolated dwarf galaxy, it is a perfect target to study a galactic structure formed entirely by processes of self-induced star formation.
Aims. Our aim is to study populations of the brightest asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and red giant branch (RGB) stars over the entire extent of the Leo A galaxy.
Methods. We analysed populations of AGB and RGB stars in the Leo A galaxy using multicolour photometry data obtained with the Subaru Suprime-Cam (B, V, R, I, Hα) and HST ACS (F475W, F814W) cameras. In order to separate the Milky Way and Leo A populations of red stars, we developed a photometric method that enabled us to study the spatial distribution of AGB and RGB stars within the Leo A galaxy.
Results. We found a previously unknown sequence of 26 peculiar RGB stars which probably have a strong CN band in their spectra (∼380−390 nm). This conclusion is supported by the infrared CN spectral features observed in four of these stars with available spectra from the literature. Additionally, we present a catalogue of 32 luminous AGB stars and 3 candidate AGB stars. Twelve AGB stars (three of them might have dusty envelopes) from this sample are newly identified; the remaining 20 AGB stars were already presented in the literature based on near-infrared observations. By splitting the RGB sequence into blue and red parts, we revealed different spatial distributions of the two subsets, with the former being more centrally concentrated than the latter. Cross-identification with spectroscopic data available in the literature suggests that the bulk of blue and red RGB stars are, on average, similar in metallicity; however, the red RGB stars might have an excess of metal-deficient stars of [Fe/H] < −1.8. We also found that the distributions of luminous AGB and blue RGB stars have nearly equal scale lengths (0.′87 ± 0.′06 and 0.′89 ± 0.′09, respectively), indicating that they could belong to the same generation. This conclusion is strengthened by the similarities of the cumulative distributions of AGB and blue RGB stars, both showing more centrally concentrated populations compared to red RGB stars. There is also a prominent decline in the ratio of AGB to RGB stars with an increasing radius. These results suggest that the star-forming disk of Leo A is shrinking, which is in agreement with the outside-in star formation scenario of dwarf galaxy evolution.
Infektion durch Herpes simplex Virus bei zwei unreifen Frühgeborenen – Diagnostisches und therapeutisches Management
Authors: Haase Roland , Seliger Gregor , Baier Jan 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungHerpes simplex Virus Typ 1 oder 2 (HSV-1/2) Infektionen bei Neugeborenen sind selten, aber insbesondere bei systemischen Verlauf mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität belastet. Frühgeborene gehören aufgrund ihrer immunologischen Unreife und der häufig unspezifischen, Sepsis-ähnlichen Klinik einer HSV-1/2 Infektion zu einer besonders gefährdeten Gruppe. Wir stellen das diagnostische und therapeutische Management bei 2 unreifen Frühgeborenen mit systemischer HSV Infektion vor. Beide erhielten entsprechend aktuellen Empfehlungen nach initialer parenteraler Intensivtherapie eine orale Aciclovir Suppressionstherapie.