bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Disparity in State-Based Quality of Care Disciplinary Standards
Authors: Dickinson Judith 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article explores the fact that current state-based physician disciplinary statutes display a great lack of uniformity between states regarding the threshold standards used to determine when a physician can be disciplined for substandard patient care. Many states use a gross negligence standard to make the determination; others use a lower, ordinary negligence standard; and other states use both standards in the same statute. Among gross negligence states, there are many different statutory and case law definitions of “gross negligence” in use, adding to the lack of harmony. The lack of uniformity in state-based regulatory laws and standards is an issue in the national debate over the efficacy of state-based physician regulation. The true dimension of this multiplicity of disciplinary standards and definitions cannot accurately be assessed without a detailed study of how state medical boards actually interpret and apply these terms, and whether there is a resulting observable impact on how many physicians are disciplined from state to state for quality of care mistakes. However, even the appearance and perception that some states treat patient care more strictly than others may create regulatory issues that might require resolution through an effort to bring disciplinary negligence standards between the states into conformity with one another.
Neurology and Telemedicine: The Way Forward
Authors: Ray Partha S. , Surya Nirmal 
Published: April 2021

Objective: During the coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) times, we have all learned to appreciate the advantages of communicating with each other on the digital or virtual format. This included both social, commercial and professional settings. This was necessitated through the restrictions on direct physical contact mandated by the pandemic. Through innovations and adaptations, the practice of medicine has also changed with telemedicine, triggered by ‘necessity is the mother of invention’ concept being embraced by both patients and physicians. Neurology, traditionally seen as a complex speciality and the preserve of a couple of thousand practising neurologists in the country, has opened itself up to the telemedicine or tele-neurology format very easily in the anecdotal and a few pilot studies conducted globally and in India.
Design: Despite the initial misgivings and anticipation of patient reluctance to adopt this technology, the real-world experience has been, to the contrary, where both young and old patients have readily embraced the new medium and cooperated with the neurologists to improve their care, which would otherwise have been severely restricted in the COVID-19 times. The neurologists have also adapted to the new way of working to deliver optimum diagnosis and care plans.
Outcome measures: There have been technical glitches (in form of internet connectivity, smartphone hardware and software problems and lighting and camera angle and image stabilization issues to name a few), which have been reduced with practice and innovation. Feedback from neurologists, patients, and their carers via regular audits and questionnaires are being circulated, and practice parameters are being improved (IFNR survey- Ref 5). The contribution of national regulatory agencies, such as the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), and stakeholders, such as the Telemedicine Society of India (TSI), has been phenomenal to facilitate the tele-neurology practice and make it safe for all stakeholders.
Results: In a country of 1.37 billion population and only 2,500 accredited neurologists, there is a need for tele-neurology to be able to serve patients living in remote areas in mountains and coastal areas, and also in poorly connected areas on the plains. This becomes paramount for patients requiring specialised acute neurological care and to improve access, which now becomes a practical feasibility on the digital format to bring neurology to the doorsteps of the people.
Follow-up care of patients, epidemiological studies of various neurological chronic illnesses and their audit will become realities cutting down on costs and time to access quality neurological care using the digital format for 21st-century India.
Conclusions: Tele-neurology is no longer a vision, but a reality precipitated by the pandemic, the needs and aspirations of the Indian population, and the technological infrastructure India has achieved in the last 20 years.
Wadliwa praktyka w zakresie doręczania postanowień prokuratorskich o zatwierdzeniu zatrzymania rzeczy i przeszukania. Uwagi de lege lata i postulaty de lege ferenda
Authors: Boch Błażej 
Published: April 2021

In the presented article, the author analyzes practical issues related to the service of process of the public prosecutor’s decisions related to the search and seizure during the course of the preparatory proceedings. The first part of the paper discusses the search and seizure regulations in urgent cases. In the course of further deliberations, the focus is on search and seizure regulations, obligation on the service of public prosecutor’s decisions and opportunity of its appealing. The author points out that this practice is wrong and suggest what the optimal solution should look like, even without legislative changes, but with the right interpretation of the current regulations. All the considerations lead him to present his own final conclusions and de lege ferenda postulates.
COVID-19 y embarazo. Revisión y actualización
Authors: Vigil De Gracia Paulino , Caballero Luis Carlos , Ng Chinkee Jorge , Luo Carlos , Sánchez Jaime , Quintero Arelys , Espinosa Jorge , Campana Soto Sara E. 
Published: April 2021

Objetivo. Buscar toda la información y evidencia disponible sobre el SARS-CoV-2 -que surgió en estos primeros 4 meses de 2020- y el embarazo. Metodología. Revisión sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed y Google Scholar, hasta el 25 de abril de 2020. Se buscó artículos publicados relacionados con mujeres embarazadas infectadas con SARS-CoV-2. No hubo restricción de idioma. La búsqueda se extendió a las referencias de los artículos encontrados. Resultados. La enfermedad COVID-19 en mujeres embarazadas se caracteriza porque más del 90% de las pacientes evoluciona en forma leve, 2% requiere ingresar a las unidades de cuidados intensivos. Una muerte materna ha sido reportada. La prematuridad es alrededor de 25%, con predominio de recién nacidos prematuros tardíos; aproximadamente el 9% se complica con rotura prematura de membranas; la mortalidad perinatal es baja o similar a la de la población general y no se ha demostrado la transmisión vertical. Conclusiones. Los ginecólogos obstetras deben prepararse para atender cada vez más casos con COVID-19 y, por lo tanto, es necesario tener su conocimiento. La enfermedad evoluciona de la misma manera que en las no embarazadas, genera mayor prematuridad, no se ha demostrado la transmisión vertical, pero hay altas posibilidades de transmisión horizontal durante el parto vaginal.
Quiste torcido de ovario fetal: reporte de un caso
Authors: Davila-Bricio Jose Luis , Del Castillo-Romero Rolando , Ramirez-Santes Victor Hugo , Garcia-Licona Mario Alexis , Sepulveda-Rivera Cintia Maria 
Published: April 2021

Los quistes ováricos fetales son los tumores abdominales más frecuentemente diagnosticados, generalmente después de las 29 semanas de gestación, cuando el eje hipotálamo hipófisis gónada ha madurado, con una incidencia de 1/2 500 nacidos vivos y de predominio unilateral. Usualmente son pequeños y se resuelven solos sin significado clínico. Se recomienda seguimiento cada dos semanas, siendo los quistes mayores de 4 cm los que presentan mayor frecuencia de complicaciones. Si las características continúan siendo de un quiste simple, se recomienda la resolución a término. Se presenta el caso de una gestante en quien en su control prenatal se encontró una tumoración abdominal consistente con el diagnóstico de quiste fetal. Tuvo seguimiento semanal de los parámetros hemodinámicos fetales y cesárea a las 37 semanas. La laparotomía exploradora y salpingooforectomía izquierda de la neonata tuvo diagnóstico posquirúrgico histopatológico de torsión de quiste ovárico.
Gliomatosis peritoneal asociada a teratoma maduro de ovario
Authors: Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo , Torres-Cepeda Duly , Rondon-Tapia Martha 
Published: April 2021

Los teratomas de ovario son tumores compuestos por tejidos derivados de las tres líneas germinales embrionarias. La gliomatosis peritoneal es una afección poco frecuente caracterizada por implantes de tejido glial en el peritoneo comúnmente asociada con teratoma inmaduro de ovario, no así con teratomas maduros. El diagnóstico definitivo se realiza por histología. No existen pautas sobre cómo realizar el seguimiento de los pacientes con esta afección. El pronóstico es favorable. Sin embargo, los implantes pueden experimentar regresión fibrótica o excepcionalmente degenerar a glioblastoma. Si están presentes tejido glial inmaduro u otros componentes teratomatosos en el peritoneo o epiplón, el tratamiento será similar al del carcinoma metastásico de ovario. En pacientes con enfermedad peritoneal residual, es necesario un seguimiento a largo plazo, debido al riesgo de recurrencia y transformación maligna. Se presenta un caso de gliomatosis peritoneal asociado a teratoma maduro de ovario.
Tumor de células de Leydig puro de ovario en mujer premenopáusica
Authors: Apelt-Alcalay Daniela , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo 
Published: April 2021

Los tumores de células de Leydig del ovario son un tipo raro de tumores del estroma del cordón sexual, con menos de 0,1% de todos los tumores de ovario. Representan un desafío diagnóstico, no solo por su incidencia esporádica sino también por presentar imágenes aparentemente normales. Aunque son más comunes en las mujeres menopaúsicas, también se ha descrito casos en mujeres premenopáusicas. La característica clínica más común es la aparición de virilización rápida y progresiva; más de 75% de las pacientes muestra signos de virilización debido a la sobreproducción de testosterona. La concentración sérica de testosterona representa el marcador más útil en el diagnóstico del tumor ovárico secretor de andrógenos. El tumor de células de Leydig ovárico siempre debe ser considerado en mujer en edad reproductiva con síntomas de virilización. Se presenta un caso de tumor de células de Leydig puro de ovario en mujer premenopáusica.
“O início é até meio assustador (...)!”: Inquietações docentes pela ótica de professoras iniciantes
Authors: Barbosa Fernandes Ingrid Cristina , Barreto da Cruz Giseli 
Published: April 2021

O artigo trata da inserção profissional docente, tendo por objetivo compreender como inquietações de professores alfabetizadores afetam a sua docência no transcorrer da inserção profissional. Orientado pela pesquisa narrativa, articula as vozes de seis docentes, reconhecidas a partir dos dados obtidos com a aplicação de um questionário aos egressos de um curso de Pedagogia de uma instituição universitária. As narrativas foram construídas com base em entrevista, referenciadas por Galvão e Passeggi, Souza & Vicentini, e discutidas com o apoio de autores que tratam do desenvolvimento profissional docente, dentre eles: Alarcão & Roldão; Marcelo e Cochran-Smith. As constatações indicam, de um lado, que as inquietações se relacionam com a complexidade de lidar com a heterogeneidade das turmas, a resolução de conflitos e as cobranças pessoais; de outro, a potência da troca entre os pares como forma de enfrentamento das inquietações, que apesar de interpelar, não paralisa as docentes.

Palavras-chave: Inserção profissional docente. Inquietações docentes. Desenvolvimento profissional docente.
High Participation, Low Impact: The Challenge for Teacher Professional Development in Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Abdul Rahman 
Published: April 2021

The present study investigated TPD experiences from three different schools in regional Indonesia to see the current nature of TPD activities and their perceived impacts on teachers’ quality teaching. A case study design was adopted employing a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview to collect data about professional development experiences of teachers, highlighting teachers’ participation and perceived impacts of TPD on their instructional practices. The collected data are quantitatively and qualitatively analysed to see trends and patterns of teachers’ TPD practices. The study found that levels of TPD participation are generally high but differ greatly among teachers and schools which create an unequally distributed TPD participation. Teachers generally have participated in numerous TPD activities but what teachers learned from those TPD is not evident in their practices. In conclusion, a high TPD participation cannot always be seen as a successful indicator for TPD programs. Ideas from TPD are likely to be implemented in teachers’ day-to-day practices, if teachers perceive the structure, process and content of TPD activities as effective. Some practical recommendations that are likely to help teachers translate TPD ideas into their day-to-day practices are discussed and put forward.
Kártyatrükk: Az Európai Bíróság C-228/18. sz. Budapest Bank ügyben hozott ítélete és annak jelentősége
Authors: Gál Gábor 
Published: April 2021

Az Európai Bíróság előtt a magyar Kúria által kezdeményezett előzetes döntéshozatal iránti kérelem az európai versenyjog egyik sokat vitatott kulcskérdését vetette fel: mikor tekinthető egy magatartás versenykorlátozó célúnak. A jelen tanulmány célja, hogy az előzetes döntéshozatalhoz vezető előzmények rövid felvázolása után áttekintse az Európai Bíróság ítéletének főbb megállapításait. Ezt követően bemutatja, hogyan illeszkedik az ítélet a versenykorlátozó célzat megállapításával kapcsolatos európai döntéshozatali gyakorlatba, illetve hogy miben és mennyiben fejleszti azt tovább. A tanulmány az ítéletnek az európai versenyjog érvényesítésére gyakorolt lehetséges következményeivel kapcsolatos megállapításokkal zárul. A tanulmány fő következtetése, hogy az ítélet a Cartes Bancaires és azt követő esetjog vonalába illeszkedik, ugyanakkor túl is mutat azon, azáltal, hogy még tovább erősíti a cél szerinti versenykorlátozás megállapíthatóságának kivételes jellegét. A szerző véleménye szerint a versenyhatóságok beavatkozási mozgásterének az ítélet miatti szűkülése hozzájárulhat ahhoz, hogy az új típusú versenykorlátozások elemzése kapcsán feltehetőleg kénytelenek lesznek eszköztárukat újraértelmezni, illetve új eszközöket találni a versenyjogi beavatkozás hatékonyságának megőrzése érdekében.
A német külpolitika európaizációja - a közös kül- és biztonságpolitika "germanizációja"
Authors: Speck Gyula 
Published: April 2021

Tanulmányunk a német külpolitika és az Európai Unió közös kül- és biztonságpolitikájának kapcsolatát vizsgálja meg. Mivel Németország az Európai Unió vezető hatalma, azt gondolhatnánk, hogy a közös kül- és biztonságpolitika is „germanizálódott”. Ennek azonban ellentmond, hogy a német külpolitika erős európai identitással rendelkezik. A problémakör vizsgálatához az Európai Unió külpolitikájának elemzésében használt európaizáció elméletét alkalmazzuk olyan esettanulmányokon keresztül, mint a közös kül- és biztonságpolitika intézményesítése, az iráni atomtárgyalások, vagy az ukrajnai válság. Következtetésünk, hogy Németország külpolitikája továbbra is magas fokon európaizált, ellenben nem beszélhetünk egy kifejezetten „germanizált” uniós közös kül- és biztonságpolitikáról.
Doses e fontes de fósforo na cultura da soja
Authors: Kaneko Flávio Hiroshi , Rinzo Rubens Takeshi , Oliveira Bruno Levino de , Prado Jalyson Araujo do , Assis Gabrielly Patricy Bezerra de , Piletti Lígia Maria Maraschi da Silva , Silva Ilca Puertas de Freitas e 
Published: April 2021

A adequada adubação fosfatada na cultura da soja se faz importante para atingir elevadas produtividades. Desse modo, objetivou-se determinar o efeito de doses e fontes de fósforo (P) no desenvolvimento e na produtividade da cultura da soja. Na safra 2015/16, no município de Nova Andradina/MS, foram implantados dois experimentos utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições, em Latossolo vermelho de textura média. No primeiro experimento testou-se quatro doses de P2O5 (0, 40, 80, e 120 kg ha-1) utilizando como fonte o superfosfato simples. O segundo, avaliou-se cinco fontes de P na dose de 80 kg ha-1 (Controle sem P; Superfosfato simples - 18% P2O5, 16% Ca e 8% S; Yoorin Master 1 Si® - termofosfato magnesiano - 97% de termofosfato magnesiano + óxido cúprico, óxido de zinco e óxido manganoso – 17,5% P2O5, 18% Ca, 7% Mg, 0,10% B, 0,05% Cu, 0,3%Mn, 10% Si, 0,55% Zn; YaraMila Soberano® -06-27-06 + 9,1% Ca, 8,4% S, 0,03% B, 0,05% Mn + 0,1% Zn e YaraMila Absoluto® - 04-28-08 – 11,3%Ca, 7,9% S, 0,03% B, 0,05% Mn, 0,1% Zn). Foram avaliadas a altura de plantas, população de plantas, massa de 1.000 grãos, produtividade de grãos e eficiência agronômica. O incremento nas doses de P aumentou linearmente a produtividade de grãos da cultura da soja, com acréscimos em 3,53 kg de grãos para cada unidade de P2O5 fornecida no sulco de semeadura, entretanto, com a dose de 63 kg ha-1 de P2O5 atingiu-se o ponto máximo de eficiência agronômica. Em relação às fontes, todas proporcionaram maior produtividade de grãos que o tratamento controle, porém sem haver diferenças entre si. Assim, a dose 63 kg ha-1 resultou na maior eficiência agronômica bem como todas as fontes de P foram adequadas para o manejo da cultura da soja.
The Use of Capital Computer-mediated Communication Expressions in the Non-Capital Cities as a Sign of Language Unification
Authors: Ali Bushra W. 
Published: April 2021

Recent researches on computer-mediated communication (CMC) have focused mainly on linguistic analysis for the different types of internet chats. This study observes the differences in chats between the informal social chat and the formal chat by Iraqi university non-capital informants. The difference is on their use of capital and non-capital expressions. The location of the experiment is the University of Sumer. The research focuses upon the capital and non-capital expressions used at the university community depending upon 9 variables for 97 samples. The data reveals that there is a distinction between university and non-university chat on their capital expressions usage: (Laad, Aady, Hello, Dez, Mnower, Shakbark, Wyaya, Ok and Bye), at the non-capital area. Moreover, data shows that there is a distinction between university chat at the university community and their chat outside the university community. This study observes the written chats of the Iraqi university informants: students, teaching staff, and employees. The study sample is random using social media such as Viber, Facebook and WhatsApp. This is to observe that how the public and private atmospheres participate in language change to be unified at the time of the social networking use. Although they did not use certain expressions at their real life or informal chat, it is explored that how much they used the capital expressions in the non-capital areas. The study manages a quantitative and statistical analysis and investigates the use of capital expressions by users from the noncapital inhabitants’ background. Results of the study revealled that the university informants elude to use the capital expressions at the university atmosphere in the non-capital areas. It also reflects the fact that the use of capital expressions in the non-capital areas is a clear sign for the language unification concept.
Translation Technique of Women Anger Speech Act in Television Series 13 Reasons Why Season 1
Authors: Syarif Hayati Elmarhamah , M.R. Nababan  , Santosa Riyadi 
Published: April 2021

The study aimed to analyze the translation technique used in women's anger speech acts in a television series entitled 13 Reasons Why Season 1. This study was a descriptive qualitative research and an embedded case study. Analysis document and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were used to collect the data. The result shows the behaviour patterns of the translator using various translation techniques in all types of speech acts including direct verbal or cognitive sign, thinly veiled verbal sign, and indirect verbal sign. The most frequently used techniques in direct verbal or cognitive signs are establish equivalent and followed by variation and explicitation, while establish equivalent, variation, and pure borrowing are frequently used in thinly veiled verbal signs and indirect verbal signs. In addition, compensation technique is only used in direct verbal or cognitive signs and indirect verbal signs while paraphrase is used in translating anger speech acts in terms of direct verbal or cognitive signs and thinly veiled verbal signs. Meanwhile, other techniques such as generalization, linguistic amplification, linguistic compression, and adaptation are the least frequent techniques used in direct verbal or cognitive signs and thinly veiled verbal signs.
The Translation of Islamic Women-Related Legal Terms and Metaphors: A Comparative Study of Fazlul Karim’s (1938) and Robson’s (1963) Versions of Mishkat-ul-Masabih
Authors: Al-Jalahma Dheya , Gomaa Yasser A. 
Published: April 2021

Through the instrumentality of the translation allusions strategies proposed by Leppihalme (1997) and the Skopos-plus-loyalty approach developed by Nord (1997), the present study scrutinizes the English translation of six Islamic-legal terms and six metaphors used for women in selected Prophetic Hadith from two English versions of Al-Tabrīzī’s (d. 1348 A.D.) Mishkat-ul-Masabih that have been translated by Fazlul Karim (1938) and Robson (1963). The results indicate that Fazlul Karim’s (1938) translation of the of Islamic-legal terms shows his commitment to provide the Muslim reader with the necessary Islamic rulings and opinions taken from the Prophetic Hadith. However, the language in his translation is found to be incomprehensible in many cases because it strictly adheres to the Arabic structure. By comparison, Robson’s (1963) language appears natural and the terms are translated more accurately regarding the ‘general meaning’ of the word. In addition, his translation is comprehensible and coherent. Fazlul Karim’s (1938) translation of metaphors of women shows that, in most cases, he uses an inaccurate translation for the respective metaphor. Robson (1963) is found to be consistent with his skopos of using natural English. This study is an attempt to shed light on the importance of gaining knowledge about the culture that surrounds the terms related to women and its effects on translation. It endeavors to draw attention to the role of translation in reflecting the appropriate status and societal role of women at a particular time with special emphasis on terms that consist of a combination of physical, social, and legal aspects.
An investigation of EFL Teachers’ Professional Development in Algeria: Practices and Perspectives
Authors: Melouka Ziani , Saadia Lahma 
Published: April 2021

In English Language Teaching, the complexity of competencies and skills required for maximum achievement calls for a highly structured training programme which caters for a Continuing Professional Development(CPD) of EFL teachers. Hence, it has become more important than ever to involve teachers in the decision making and designing of their CPD programmes. The present paper, then investigates how effective is continuing teacher training to teacher professional development in Algeria. In an attempt to answer this question, an investigation was carried out on a sample of 56 secondary school teachers of English in RELIZANE, Algeria. Using observation and interviews, teachers and teacher trainers were examined on their different standpoints to CPD. The research findings revealed that the participants expressed the same need for a continuing professional development regardless their expertise. But, their perceptions regarding their role in their CPD reflected their dependence on the institutional training programmes. Indeed, it was found that teachers rarely reflected on their education or kept track of their development as teachers.