bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving primary care access to respirologists using eConsult
Authors: Leduc Jean-Grégoire , Keely Erin , Liddy Clare , Afkham Amir , Marovac Misha , Guglani Sheena 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background
Patients and primary care providers (PCPs) can experience frustration about poor access to specialist care. The Champlain Building Access to Specialists through eConsultation (BASETM) is a secure online platform that allows PCPs to ask a clinical question to 142 different specialty groups. The specialist is expected to respond within 7 days.

Methods
This is a retrospective review of the Champlain BASETM respirology eConsults from January 2017 to December 2018. The eConsults were categorized by types of questions asked by the referring provider and by the clinical content of the referral. Specialists’ response time and time spent answering the clinical question were analyzed. Referring providers’ close-out surveys were reviewed to assess the impact of the respirology eConsult service on traditional referral rates and clinical course of action.

Results
Of the 26 679 cases submitted to the Champlain BASE TM eConsult service, 268 were respirology cases (1%). 91% were sent by family physicians and 9% by nurse practitioners. The median time to respond by specialists was 0.8 days, and the median time billed by specialists was 20 min. The most common topics were pulmonary nodules and masses (16.4%), cough (10.4%), infective problems (8.6%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (8.6%) and dyspnea Not Yet Diagnosed (NYD) (7.8%). The most common types of questions asked by PCP were related to investigations warranted (43.1% of cases), general management (17.5%), monitoring (12.6%), need for a respirology referral (12.3%) and drug of choice (6.3%). In 23% of cases, the PCP indicated they were planning to refer the patient for an in-person consultation but no longer needed to after receiving the eConsult advice (avoided referrals). On the other hand, in 13% of cases, the PCP was not going to refer but did after the eConsult (prompted referrals). The eConsult led to a new or additional clinical course of action by the PCP in 49% of cases. In 51% of cases, the PCP suggested the clinical topic would be well suited to a CME event.

Conclusions
Participation in eConsult services can improve timely access to respirologists while potentially avoiding clinic visits and significantly impacting referring PCPs clinical course of action. Using the most common clinical topics and types of questions for CME planning should be considered. Future research may include a cost analysis and provider perspectives on the role of eConsult in respirology care.
Who with whom? Untangling the effect of high-skilled immigration on innovation*
Authors: Wigger Christoph 
Published: July 2021

AbstractI analyze how high-skilled immigration affects native, immigrant and collaborative innovation, using an IV approach that exploits exogenous variation in push factors of migration across origin regions and over time. The overall impact of high-skilled immigration on innovation is positive and substantial. High-skilled immigrants from developed regions of the world and with a PhD contribute by innovating themselves, enhancing native-immigrant and international collaborations, and spurring native innovation. I show that the latter effect is likely driven by the access to immigrants’ origin specific knowledge. In contrast, while there is no evidence for a significant direct contribution of high-skilled immigrants from less developed regions and without a PhD to innovation, they contribute indirectly, by stimulating native innovation.
Context-Dependent Effect of Dietary Phytochemicals on Honey Bees Exposed to a Pesticide, Thiamethoxam
Authors: Arathi H S  , Bernklau Elisa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHoney bees continue to face challenges relating to the degradation of natural flowering habitats that limit their access to diverse floral resources. While it is known that nectar and pollen provide macronutrients, flowers also contain secondary metabolites (phytochemicals) that impart benefits including increased longevity, improved gut microbiome abundance, and pathogen tolerance. Our study aims to understand the role of phytochemicals in pesticide tolerance when worker bees were fed with sublethal doses (1 ppb and 10 ppb) of thiamethoxam (TMX), a neonicotinoid, in 20% (w/v) sugar solution supplemented with 25 ppm of phytochemicals—caffeine, kaempferol, gallic acid, or p-coumaric acid, previously shown to have beneficial impacts on bee health. The effect of phytochemical supplementation during pesticide exposure was context-dependent. With 1 ppb TMX, phytochemical supplementation increased longevity but at 10 ppb TMX, longevity was reduced suggesting a negative synergistic effect. Phytochemicals mixed with 1 ppb TMX increased mortality in bees of the forager-age group but with 10 ppb TMX, mortality of the inhive-age group increased, implying the possibility of accumulation effect in lower sublethal doses. Given that the phytochemical composition of pollen and nectar varies between plant species, we suggest that the negative impacts of agrochemicals on honey bees could vary based on the phytochemicals in pollen and nectar of that crop, and hence the effects may vary across crops. Analyzing the phytochemical composition for individual crops may be a necessary first step prior to determining the appropriate dosage of agrochemicals so that harm to bees Apis mellifera L. is minimized while crop pests are effectively controlled.
Psychiatric genetic essentialism and stigma in child custody proceedings: public views
Authors: Sabatello Maya , Chao Audrey , Insel Beverly J , Corbeil Thomas , Link Bruce G , Appelbaum Paul S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The introduction of behavioral, including psychiatric, genetic information in American courts has gained traction but raises concerns of undue influence on judicial outcomes. We conducted a vignette-based survey of a nationally representative sample of US adults to assess how evidence about a parent’s psychiatric genetic makeup and explicit and implicit stigmatizing beliefs about psychiatric conditions may affect key decisions in child custody proceedings. Psychiatric genetic evidence did not affect public perspectives on custody decisions, but it increased the genetic essentialist understanding of psychiatric conditions (regardless of a diagnosis). Explicit stigma was associated with a preference to deny parents with a (or with an alleged) psychiatric condition joint custody. Our newly created Implicit Association Test identified an association between psychiatric conditions and perceived bad parenting. Research to identify effective interventions and educational programs to address genetic essentialism and to reduce bias against people, including parents, with psychiatric conditions is urgently needed.
Lipidomics reveals association of circulating lipids with body mass index and outcomes in IgA nephropathy patients
Authors: Deng Yueyi , Wu Qingqing , Chen Wanjia , Zhu Li , Liu Wangyi , Xia Fangying , Sun Liang , Lin Xu , Zeng Rong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which are commonly accompanied by dyslipidemia. Obesity is also associated with dyslipidemia and risk of CKD, but the relation of the dyslipidemia patterns with obesity and disease progression in IgAN patients remains unknown. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the combined treatment with corticosteroids and TCM have been shown to be of benefit for IgAN patients, but predictive markers for guiding these treatments are lacking. Here, we quantified 545 lipid species in the plasma from 196 participants, including 140 IgAN patients and 56 healthy volunteers, and revealed an altered plasma lipidome in IgAN patients as compared to healthy participants. Association analysis showed that a subgroup of glycerides, particularly triacylglycerols (TGs) containing docosahexaenoic acid, were positively associated with high body mass index (BMI) in under- or normal-weight IgAN patients, while several free fatty acids and sphingomyelins were positively associated with high BMI in overweight or obese IgAN patients. Further, our study suggested that elevated levels of eight lipids, mainly TG species containing linolenic acid, were independent risk factors for IgAN progression and also reported the prospective association of circulating lipids with treatment outcomes in IgAN. Taken together, our findings may not only help to achieve precision medicine but also provide a knowledge base for dietary intervention in the treatment of IgAN.
LATE Neuropathologic Changes with Little or No Alzheimer Disease is Common and is Associated with Cognitive Impairment but Not Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Nelson Peter T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic changes (LATE-NC) often occur in aged brains that also contain appreciable Alzheimer disease neuropathologic changes (ADNC). Question has arisen as to whether LATE-NC can occur independently of ADNC. We evaluated data from the University of Kentucky Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center autopsy cohort (383 included subjects) to address 2 questions: (i) Is LATE-NC seen in the absence of ADNC, outside of persons who had the frontotemporal dementia (FTD) clinical syndrome? and (ii) is LATE-NC associated with cognitive impairment across the full spectrum of ADNC severity? In the present study, the pathologic combination of LATE-NC (Stage &gt;1) and low/no ADNC was common: 8.9% (34/383) of all subjects (including demented and non-demented individuals) showed this combination. There were no FTLD-TDP cases to be included from the community-based cohort. Across a broad range of ADNC severity, the presence of LATE-NC was associated with impaired cognition but was never associated with a FTD clinical syndrome.
Adult WHO grade II ependymomas: is Ki67 a sex-specific proliferation marker?
Authors: Baig Mirza Asfand , Lavrador José Pedro , Mancuso-Marcello Marco , Acharya Shami , Boardman Timothy Martyn , Bodi Istvan , Gullan Richard , Vergani Francesco , Bhangoo Ranj , Ashkan Keyoumars 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ki67 is a marker for proliferation of a given cell population. Low expression of Ki67 may be associated with a favourable outcome. We investigate how the proliferation index correlates with the location, morphology and behaviour of WHO grade II ependymomas with a single-centre cohort study of adult patients admitted for surgery of WHO grade II ependymomas between 2008 and 2018.
Seventeen patients were included, seven had supratentorial and 10 had infratentorial tumours. Three patients died and eight had recurrent disease. Age, gender, location, extent of resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and histological markers were not associated with tumour progression. Both unadjusted and adjusted analysis confirmed a higher Ki67 index in male patients. Sensitivity analysis further supported the correlation between Ki67 and male gender.
Ki67 may be sex specific but does not seem to correlate with survival and time to recurrence in this series.
Robot-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for severe incomplete interlober fissure
Authors: Okazaki Mikio , Suzawa Ken , Shien Kazuhiko , Miyoshi Kentaroh , Otani Shinji , Yamamoto Hiromasa , Sugimoto Seiichiro , Yamane Masaomi , Toyooka Shinichi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An incomplete interlobar fissure makes thoracoscopic lobectomy difficult and is predictive of morbidity after thoracoscopic lobectomy. This report demonstrates the robot-assisted thoracoscopic (RATS) lobectomy technique for patients with severe incomplete interlobar fissures. A fissureless approach was chosen for pulmonary resection. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with intravenous indocyanine green (ICG) was used to detect the interlobar line after transection of the bronchus, pulmonary artery and vein. Interlobar fissure was identified and divided by robotic staplers. This combined technique using ICG and fissureless lobectomy made RATS lobectomy safe for patients with severe incomplete interlobar fissures.
Cosmology beyond BAO from the 3D distribution of the Lyman-α forest
Authors: Cuceu Andrei , Font-Ribera Andreu , Joachimi Benjamin , Nadathur Seshadri 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We propose a new method for fitting the full-shape of the Lyman-α (Ly α) forest 3D correlation function in order to measure the Alcock-Paczynski (AP) effect. Our method preserves the robustness of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) analyses, while also providing extra cosmological information from a broader range of scales. We compute idealized forecasts for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) using the Ly α autocorrelation and its cross-correlation with quasars, and show how this type of analysis improves cosmological constraints. The DESI Ly α BAO analysis is expected to measure H(zeff)rd and DM(zeff)/rd with a precision of $\sim 0.9{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, where H is the Hubble parameter, rd is the comoving BAO scale, DM is the comoving angular diameter distance, and the effective redshift of the measurement is zeff ≃ 2.3. By fitting the AP parameter from the full shape of the two correlations, we show that we can obtain a precision of $\sim 0.5-0.6{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ on each of H(zeff)rd and DM(zeff)/rd. Furthermore, we show that a joint full-shape analysis of the Ly α auto and cross-correlation with quasars can measure the linear growth rate times the amplitude of matter fluctuations in spheres of 8 h−1Mpc, fσ8(zeff). Such an analysis could provide the first ever measurement of fσ8(zeff) at redshift zeff &gt; 2. By combining this with the quasar autocorrelation in a joint analysis of the three high-redshift two-point correlation functions, we show that DESI could be able to measure fσ8(zeff ≃ 2.3) with a precision of $5-12{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, depending on the smallest scale fitted.
Absence of obvious tidal tails around the globular cluster NGC 6397
Authors: Boldrini Pierre , Vitral Eduardo 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
In this work, we use N-body simulations performed on GPU to trace the past 10 Gyr dynamical history of a globular cluster (GC) similar to NGC 6397 in the tidal field of a Milky Way-like galaxy and we compare our simulated GCs with data from the third Gaia early data release. Our simulations predict, in contrast to what is deduced from the data, that such a cluster should present strong and extended tidal tails by more than 6 Gyr ago (right after the first third of its life), exceeding 1 kpc of length, and should be roughly disrupted by current time. We analysed each of our initial conditions, such as initial mass and density parameters, as well as the dark matter shape, and we argue that the most likely reason for such discrepancy between the data and our simulations is related to the fact that we consider a purely baryonic cluster in the beginning of each model we test. We discuss that if our globular cluster was initially embedded in a dark matter minihalo, the latter could act as a protecting envelope, which prevents the tidal stripping of the luminous matter, while being itself gradually disrupted and removed in the course of the cluster evolution. This could explain why an insignificant amount of dark matter is required to describe the velocity dispersion in NGC 6397, up to at least a few half-mass radii.
Modelling correlated variability in accreting black holes: the effect of high density and variable ionization on reverberation lags
Authors: Mastroserio Guglielmo , Ingram Adam , Wang Jingyi , García Javier A , van der Klis Michiel , Cavecchi Yuri , Connors Riley , Dauser Thomas , Harrison Fiona , Kara Erin , König Ole , Lucchini Matteo 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a new release of the reltrans model to fit the complex cross-spectrum of accreting black holes as a function of energy. The model accounts for continuum lags and reverberation lags self-consistently in order to consider the widest possible range of X-ray variability time-scales. We introduce a more self-consistent treatment of the reverberation lags, accounting for how the time variations of the illuminating flux change the ionization level of the accretion disc. This process varies the shape of the reflection spectrum in time causing an additional source of lags besides the light crossing delay. We also consider electron densities in the accretion disc up to 1020 cm−3, which are found in most of the stellar mass black holes and in some active galactic nuclei. These high densities increase the amplitude of the reverberation lags below 1 keV since the reflection flux enhances in the same energy range. In addition, we investigate the properties of hard lags produced by variations in the power-law index of the continuum spectrum, which can be interpreted as due to roughly $3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ variability in the corona’s optical depth and temperature. As a test case, we simultaneously fit the lag-energy spectra in a wide range of Fourier frequency for the black hole candidate MAXI J1820+0701820 observed with NICER. The best fit shows how the reverberation lags contribute even at the longer time-scales where the hard lags are important. This proves the importance of modelling these two lags together and self-consistently in order to constrain the parameters of the system.
New magnetic chemically peculiar stars and candidates in the ATLAS first catalogue of variable stars
Authors: Bernhard Klaus , Hümmerich Stefan , Paunzen Ernst , Supíková Johana 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
The number of known variable stars has increased by several magnitudes over the last decade, and automated classification routines are becoming increasingly important to cope with this development. Here we show that the ‘upside-down CBH variables’, which were proposed as a potentially new class of variable stars by Heinze et al. in the ATLAS First Catalogue of Variable Stars, are, at least to a high percentage, made up of α2 Canum Venaticorum (ACV) variables – that is, photometrically variable magnetic chemically peculiar (CP2/He-peculiar) stars – with distinct double-wave light curves. Using suitable selection criteria, we identified 264 candidate ACV variables in the ATLAS variable star catalogue. 62 of these objects were spectroscopically confirmed with spectra from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (all new discoveries except for nine stars) and classified on the MK system. The other 202 stars are here presented as ACV star candidates that require spectroscopic confirmation. The vast majority of our sample of stars are main-sequence objects. Derived masses range from 1.4 M⊙ to 5 M⊙, with half our sample stars being situated in the range from 2 M⊙ to 2.4 M⊙, in good agreement with the spectral classifications. Most stars belong to the thin or thick disc; four objects, however, classify as members of the halo population. With a peak magnitude distribution at around 14th magnitude, the here presented stars are situated at the faint end of the known Galactic mCP star population. Our study highlights the need to consider rare variability classes, like ACV variables, in automated classification routines.
Evidence of a shared spectro-temporal law between sources of repeating fast radio bursts
Authors: Chamma Mohammed A , Rajabi Fereshteh , Wyenberg Christopher M , Mathews Abhilash , Houde Martin 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We study the spectro-temporal characteristics of two repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs), namely, FRB 20180916B and FRB 20180814A , and combine the results with those from our earlier analysis on FRB 20121102A. The relationship between the frequency drift rate, or slope, of individual sub-bursts and their temporal duration is investigated. We consider a broad sample of possible dispersion measure (DM) values for each source to understand the range of valid sub-burst slope and duration measurements for all bursts and to constrain our results. We find good agreement with an inverse scaling law between the two parameters previously predicted using a simple dynamical relativistic model. The remarkably similar behaviour observed in all sources provides strong evidence that a single and common underlying physical phenomenon is responsible for the emission of signals from these three FRBs, despite their associations with different types of host galaxies at various redshifts. It also opens up the possibility that this sub-burst slope law may be a universal property among repeating FRBs, or indicates a distinct subclass among them.
First 3D grid-based gas-dust simulations of circumstellar discs with an embedded planet
Authors: Binkert Fabian , Szulágyi Judit , Birnstiel Til 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Substructures are ubiquitous in high resolution (sub-)millimeter continuum observations of circumstellar discs. They are possibly caused by forming planets embedded in their disc. To investigate the relation between observed substructures and young planets, we perform novel 3D two-fluid (gas+1-mm-dust) hydrodynamic simulations of circumstellar discs with embedded planets (Neptune-, Saturn-, Jupiter-, 5 Jupiter-mass) at different orbital distances from the star (5.2 AU, 30 AU, 50 AU). We turn these simulations into synthetic (sub-)millimeter ALMA images. We find that all but the Neptune-mass planet open annular gaps in both the gas and the dust component of the disc. We find that the temporal evolution of the dust density distribution is distinctly different from the gas’. For example, the planets cause significant vertical stirring of the dust in the circumstellar disc which opposes the vertical settling. This creates a thicker dust disc than discs without a planet. We find that this effect greatly influences the dust masses derived from the synthetic ALMA images. Comparing the dust disc masses in the 3D simulations to the disc masses derived from the 2D ALMA synthetic images using the optically thin approximation, we find the former to be a factor of a few (up to 10) larger, pointing to the conclusion that real discs are significantly more massive than previously thought based on ALMA continuum images. Finally, we analyse the synthetic ALMA images and provide an empirical relationship between the planet mass and the width of the gap in the ALMA images, including the effects of the beam size.
MicroRNA-125a-5p modulates the proliferation and apoptosis of TM4 Sertoli cells by targeting RAB3D and regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Teng Fengmeng , Hu Fang , Zhang Maosen 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Sertoli cells provide protection and nutrition for developing sperm. Each stage of sperm development occurs on the surface of Sertoli cells. MicroRNA (MiR)-125a-5p is involved in male reproduction. The current research aimed to probe the role of miR-125a-5p in Sertoli cell function. Functionally, miR-125a-5p knockdown facilitated Sertoli cell proliferation, while miR-125a-5p overexpression suppressed Sertoli cell proliferation, as evidenced by 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine incorporation assay. Additionally, miR-125a-5p knockdown inhibited Sertoli cell apoptosis, while miR-125a-5p upregulation facilitated Sertoli cell apoptosis, as evidenced by flow cytometry analysis. Computationally, we identified four predicted mRNA targets of miR-125a-5p. Based on the results of luciferase reporter assay, miR-125a-5p was confirmed to bind to the predicted sequence in the Ras-related protein Rab-3D (RAB3D) 3’UTR. Rescue experiments showed that miR-125a-5p suppressed the proliferative ability of TM4 Sertoli cells and facilitated their apoptosis by targeting RAB3D. Finally, our data confirmed that miR-125a-5p and RAB3D modulated activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, our data showed that miR-125a-5p regulated Sertoli cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting RAB3D and regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway.