bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kandungan Pigmen dan Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Tanaman Celosia plumosa Bunga Merah dan Kuning
Authors: Prabawaningrum Dewi , Kasmiyati Sri , Mahardika Anggara 
Published: October 2021

Tanaman Celosia plumosa memiliki variasi warna yang ditentukan oleh kandungan pigmen. Aktivitas antioksidan memiliki senyawa yang mampu memperlambat proses oksidasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan pigmen (klorofil, karotenoid, dan antosianin), flavonoid, fenolik, dan aktivitas antioksidan pada tanaman C.plumosa bunga merah dan kuning dengan variasi organ daun dan bunga. Analisis kandungan klorofil dan karotenoid dengan spektrofotometri, antosianin dengan pH-diferensial, flavonoid dengan AlCl3(kolorimetri), fenolik dengan Folin-ciocalteau, dan aktivitas antioksidan dengan DPPH. Kandungan klorofil tertinggi pada daun bunga kuning sebesar 128,80 µg/ml. Kandungan karotenoid tertinggi pada bunga merah sebesar 8,27 mg/ml. Kandungan antosianin tertinggi pada bunga merah sebesar 28,94 mg/gr. Flavonoid tertinggi pada bunga merah sebesar 5,60 mg/L. Fenolik tertinggi pada bunga merah sebesar 3,48 mg/L. Nilai IC50 tertinggi ditemukan pada bunga merah sebesar 2,75 ppm. Bunga merah memiliki kandungan pigmen antosianin dan karotenoid yang tinggi, dan didukung dengan metabolit sekunder flavonoid dan fenolik yang tinggi. Pada bunga merah kandungan pigmen karotenoid dengan flavonoid terdapat korelasi positif. Sedangkan pada daun bunga kuning dan merah tidak ada korelasi antara flavonoid dan pigmen. Pada daun bunga kuning terdapat korelasi positif antara pigmen antosianin dengan flavonoid yang kuat. Kata kunci : Antioksidan, Celosia plumosa, Flavonoid, Fenolik, Pigmen.
Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) terhadap Struktur Ren Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang Diberi Pakan Tinggi Lemak
Authors: Arini Winda , Isdadiyanto Sri , Sitasiwi Agung Janika 
Published: October 2021

Daun mimba mengandung senyawa bioaktif diantaranya terpenoid, alkaloid dan flavonoid yang diduga memiliki efek dalam menurunkan kolesterol. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji efek pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) terhadap struktur ren tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diberi pakan tinggi lemak. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok dan 4 kali pengulangan, yaitu P0 (kontrol negatif), P1 (kontrol positif), P2 (simvastatin 8 mg), P3, P4 dan P5 (uji dosis ekstrak etanol daun mimba 75, 100 dan 125 mg). Variabel yang diamati yaitu bobot ginjal, diameter glomerulus, diameter kapsula Bowman dan tebal ruang Bowman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tidak terdapat pengaruh bermakna (p>0,05) dari pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mimba terhadap bobot ginjal, diameter glomerulus, diameter kapsula Bowman dan tebal ruang Bowman pada ginjal tikus yang diberi pakan tinggi lemak. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu ekstrak etanol daun mimba mampu memperbaiki struktur ginjal tikus hiperlipidemia. Kata kunci : pakan tinggi lemak, daun mimba, diameter glomerulus, diameter kapsula Bowman
Pengaruh Alelokimia Ekstrak Daun Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Kedelai [Glycine max (L.) Merr]
Authors: Shofiyatin Siti Umi , Darmanti Sri , Suedy Sri Widodo Agung 
Published: October 2021

Gulma merupakan tumbuhan yang tidak dikehendaki kehadirannya karena berpotensi alelopati. Alelopati merupakan interaksi antar tanaman dengan perantaraan senyawa alelokimia yang dilepaskan ke lingkungan. Alelokimia dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman di sekitarnya. Kirinyuh (Cromolaena odorata L.) adalah salah satu gulma yang banyak dijumpai di berbagai lahan budidaya. Kedelai [Glycine max (L.) Merr ] merupakan komoditas pertanian sumber pangan yang berprotein tinggi. Keberadaan gulma, termasuk diantaranya C. odorata merupakan salah satu kendala penting dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh alelokimia ekstrak daun C. odorata L. terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman kedelai. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal berupa konsentrasi ekstrak daun C. Odorata yaitu 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% dan 80%, tiap unit perlakuan dengan lima ulangan. Data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjut dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95% (α=5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alelokimia pada ekstrak daun gulma kirinyuh (C. odorata L.) berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan vegetataif tanaman kedelai. Penurunan kandungan klorofil total dan pertumbuhan vegetatif secara efektif terjadi mulai konsentrasi ekstrak 40% dan semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak, penurunan nilai parameter yang diukur semakin besar. Kata Kunci: alelopati, alelokimia, gangguan gulma.
Efek Pemberian Suplemen Kurkumin serta Serbuk Kunyit terhadap Kadar Protein Daging dan Bobot Karkas Puyuh Jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Avianti Fransisca Natalia , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Tana Silvana 
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar protein daging dan bobot karkas puyuh jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica) setelah diberi suplemen kurkumin serta serbuk kunyit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Hewan uji yang digunakan sebanyak 24 ekor puyuh jepang yang dibagi dalam 3 perlakuan yang terdiri dari P0: puyuh jepang yang tidak diberi suplemen kurkumin maupun kunyit (kontrol), P1: puyuh jepang yang diberi suplemen kurkumin kasar 0,15 mg/ekor, dan P2: puyuh jepang yang diberi serbuk kunyit kadar 108 mg/ekor. Parameter yang diamati yaitu konsumsi pakan, konsumsi minum, kadar protein daging dan bobot karkas. Data yang diperoleh, dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa pemberian suplemen kurkumin serta serbuk kunyit memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan kadar protein daging, namun tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan konsumsi pakan, konsumsi minum dan bobot karkas puyuh jepang. Berdasarkan penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa pemberian suplemen kurkumin serta kunyit pada puyuh jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica) dapat meningkatkan metabolisme protein sehingga kadar protein daging meningkat dan mendukung performa puyuh jepang. Kata kunci: puyuh jepang, kurkumin, serbuk kunyit
Chemistry International–Freely-Available Across the World
Authors: Humphris Colin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
From January 2022 Chemistry International will be freely-available to all in electronic form and will no longer be available in print. The objective is to make it readily-available to a much broader audience. It will still be published four times a year and whilst retaining its familiar layout, will be web based in a page-turning format from both the De Gruyter and IUPAC websites.
Synthetic biology open language visual (SBOL visual) version 3.0
Authors: Baig Hasan , Fontanarossa Pedro , McLaughlin James , Scott-Brown James , Vaidyanathan Prashant , Gorochowski Thomas , Misirli Goksel , Beal Jacob , Myers Chris 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
People who engineer biological organisms often find it useful to draw diagrams in order to communicate both the structure of the nucleic acid sequences that they are engineering and the functional relationships between sequence features and other molecular species. Some typical practices and conventions have begun to emerge for such diagrams. SBOL Visual aims to organize and systematize such conventions in order to produce a coherent language for expressing the structure and function of genetic designs. This document details version 3.0 of SBOL Visual, a new major revision of the standard. The major difference between SBOL Visual 3 and SBOL Visual 2 is that diagrams and glyphs are defined with respect to the SBOL 3 data model rather than the SBOL 2 data model. A byproduct of this change is that the use of dashed undirected lines for subsystem mappings has been removed, pending future determination on how to represent general SBOL 3 constraints; in the interim, this annotation can still be used as an annotation. Finally, deprecated material has been removed from collection of glyphs: the deprecated “insulator” glyph and “macromolecule” alternative glyphs have been removed, as have the deprecated BioPAX alternatives to SBO terms.
Neuroscience findings on brain maturation – arguments for the exclusive criminal liability of young people
Authors: Dünkel Frieder , Geng Bernd , Passow Daniel , Sakalauskas Gintautas 
Published: October 2021

Taking together all the evidence on the aetiology, development and differential processes of delinquent behaviour from childhood to adulthood, we dispose of important new evidence from the neurosciences, which, compared to traditional criminological, developmental, psychological and sociological evidence, increases our capacity to explain the age-crime curve. In particular, the right-hand side of the curve, indicating desistance from crime in young adulthood between the ages of 18 and 25, can be based on new insights from neuroscientific research on brain maturation and the development of self-control mechanisms. As a result, new questions about judicial reactions and interventions must be raised. If an individual’s brain is fully matured only in the mid-twenties, general criminal law is possibly inappropriate, and a specific youth or young-adult criminal law reflecting the transitional processes and the diminished culpability of young-adult offenders should rather be applied. In many European jurisdictions, the scope of youth justice has been extended upwards to 18–20 year-old adults, in the Netherlands even up to 22 years of age, a political decision affecting criminality and based on new neuroscientific evidence.
The Link Between Personal Factors and Workaholism: The Role of Remote Working During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Morkevičiūtė Modesta , Endriulaitienė Auksė 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the way of doing work for the relationship between employees’ perfectionism, type A personality and workaholism during COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 668 Lithuanian employees participated in a study. The sample included employees who worked in the workplace (n = 331), as well as those who worked completely from home (n = 337). The levels of workaholism were measured using DUWAS-10 (Schaufeli et al., 2009). A multidimensional perfectionism scale (Hewitt et al., 1991) was used for the measurement of perfectionism. Type A personality was assessed with the help of the Framingham type A personality scale (Haynes et al., 1980). It was revealed in a study that the positive relationship between perfectionism and workaholism was stronger in the group of complete remote workers. It was further found that the moderating role of the way of doing work was not significant for the relationship between type A personality and workaholism. Overall, the findings support the idea that remote work is an important variable determining the development of health-damaging working behaviors among those employees who excel perfectionistic attributes. Therefore, the way of doing work must be considered when addressing the well-being of employees.
Features of Mental Health Service Provision During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Specialists Who Work with Suicide Prevention in Rural Areas
Authors: Čepulienė Austėja Agnietė , Dadašev Said , Grigienė Dovilė , Marcinkevičiūtė Miglė , Uržaitė Greta , Rimkevičienė Jurgita , Umbrasaitė Ignė 
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic can influence the situation of suicide rates and mental health in rural regions even more than in major cities. The aim of the current study was to explore the functioning of mental health service provision during the COVID-19 pandemic through interviews with mental health professionals and other specialists who work with suicide prevention in rural areas. Thirty specialists were interviewed using a semi-structured interview format. The following codes were identified during the thematic analysis: providing help during the pandemic (mental health professionals and institutions adapted to the conditions of the pandemic, remote counselling makes providing help more difficult, the help is less reachable); help-seeking during the pandemic (people seek less help because of the pandemic, seeking remote help is easier, the frequency of help seeking didn’t change); the effects and governing of the pandemic situation (the pandemic can have negative effects on mental health; after the pandemic mental health might get worse; the governing of the pandemic situation in Lithuania could be more fluent). The current study reveals positive aspects of mental health professionals’ adaptivity during the pandemic, as well as severe problems which are related to the access to the mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pre-schoolers’ Behavioural and Emotional Problems During the First Quarantine Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Parental Distress and Screen Time
Authors: Rakickienė Lauryna , Jusienė Roma , Baukienė Edita , Breidokienė Rima 
Published: October 2021

Lithuania was one of the countries that applied quarantine during the rise of COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020, the duration of which was three months (from March 16th, 2020 to June 16th, 2020). Despite emerging literature showing negative effects of quarantine on children’s mental health, insight into specific risk factors is lacking due to limited longitudinal data. The aim of the present study was to analyse changes in Lithuanian pre-schoolers’ emotional and behavioural problems during the first quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic and their relations to the potential risk factors such as parental distress and increase in daily screen time. Parents of 78 children aged 4 to 6 (31% girls and 69% boys, mean age at the first measurement 66.1 months (SD = 10.33)) completed Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL/1½-5), questions on children’s screen time and physical activity and reported their distress before the quarantine (November 2019–February 2020) and at the end of it (May–June 2020). Results showed that children had more behavioral problems, spent more time on screens and were less physically active during the quarantine, and their parents were experiencing more distress than before. However, parental distress emerged as the only variable that predicted preschoolers’ emotional and behavioral problems during the quarantine after a child’s previous problems were taken into account. This highlights the importance of targeting support towards families raising children with behavioral problems, as the challenges they were already facing increase during quarantine and their parents may be more susceptible to less desirable practices such as providing children with more screen time as a way to cope with this situation.
CHARACTERISTICS OF IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELLS IN CHILDREN WITH ALLERGEN-INDUCED PHENOTYPE OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA TREATED WITH GLUCOSEMINYLMURAMILDIPEPTIDE
Authors: Sitdikova T. S. , Prosekova E. V. , Zhdanova O. L. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: to study the changes in quantitative values and functional activity of immunocompetent cells on application of glucoseminylmuramildipeptide in children with allergen-induced phenotype of bronchial asthma.We have performed an integrated assessment of parameters of innate and acquired immunity in 60 children at the age of 3-11 years old with allergen-induced bronchial asthma (BA) with mild clinical course of disease, and in 30 healthy children of the same age. BA phenotypes were verified in accordance with PRACTALL international consensus report (2008). Study exclusion criteria were: severe course of bronchial asthma and application of immunocorrecting therapy during preceding six months. We conducted a prospective parallel open study of the effect of glucoseminylmuramildipeptide on the parameters of immunocompetent cells during three months with division into two control groups by random sampling technique on the basis of therapy being performed. To analyze the venous blood cells, we used flow cytofluorometer COULTER EPICS XL by Beckman Coulter Inc. Cytokine levels were determined using immunoenzyme method with reagents by R&D Diagnostics Inc (USA) and IgE – with reagents by Alkor Bio Company (St. Petersburg), production of cytokines – using reagents by Vektor-Best (Novosibirsk). Statistical processing of data was performed using Statistica 10 program with significance level p < 0.05, assessment of correlations by Spearman correlation analysis, multidimensional correlation analysis with V.P. Terentyev’s method of correlation pleiades (1959) and testing for normal distribution of characteristic values (Shapiro–Wilk). The scope of our study permitted to evaluate its findings with accuracy 95-99%.The changes of the adaptive response system in children with allergen-induced phenotype of BA were characterized by the intensified proliferation, suppression of negative regulation processes, activation of synthesis of Th2-profile cytokines, and intensified synthesis of IgE.The identified impairments of availability, functional activity of immunocompetent cells and cytokine production were preserved in application of inhaled corticosteroids therapy, with further decreasing of IFNγ synthesis.Application of glucoseminylmuramildipeptide in children with BA provided for reduction of spontaneous and mitogen-induced production of IL-4 and correction of deviated structural and functional characteristics of immunocompetent cells.Incorporation of glucoseminylmuramildipeptide into therapeutic regimens for allergen-induced phenotype of BA in children promoted normalization of parameters of the cellular component of immune system, amelioration of Th1/Th2-imbalance, increase of Th1 activity, and adequate spontaneous and induced production of IFNγ by peripheral blood cells.
QUANTITATIVE EXPRESSION FEATURES OF PD-1 AND TIM-3 CHECKPOINT MOLECULE RECEPTORS ON CD4⁺ AND CD8⁺ T-CELLS IN BREAST CANCER OF VARYING PROGRESSION DEGREES
Authors: Shevchenko Yu. A. , Kuznetsova M. S. , Khantakova Yu. N. , Obleukhova I. A. , Khristin A. A. , Sidorov S. V. , Sennikov S. V. 
Published: October 2021

During the course of chronic viral infections or tumor growth, due to the constant presence of antigen and inflammation, a dysfunctional state of T-cells called exhaustion occurs. Factors associated with T-cell exhaustion include an increase in the expression of various inhibitory receptors, also known as checkpoint molecules, which leads to inhibition of the proliferation and production of mediators such as IL-2, IFNγ, and TNFα.The TIM-3 molecule is expressed on a variety of immune cells, including dendritic cells, macrophages, and T-cells, and mediates suppressive activity on immune cells. Sustained expression of the PD-1 receptor on T-lymphocytes is also associated with the exhaustion phenotype, while it remains unclear how the expression of these inhibitory receptors normally differs from that in pathological conditions of the body, which are characterized by an increase in the number of exhausted T-cells.The aim of the study was to determine the relative and absolute number of T-cells expressing PD-1 and TIM-3, as well as the number of PD-1 and TIM-3 molecules on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+T-cells in healthy donors and breast cancer (BC) patients. Group of BC patients were conditionally divided into two groups depending on the degree of disease progression into patients with primary (without metastases) and metastatic BC.As a result of the study, it was shown that an increase in the absolute number of PD-1+CD4+T-cells is observed in breast cancer patients. The absolute number of molecules per cell is also higher in BC patients compared to healthy donors. For patients, a tendency towards an increase in the absolute number of TIM-3+CD4+T-cells was shown in comparison with healthy donors and in a row from primary disease to metastatic BC.Thus, differences in the expression pattern of TIM-3 and PD-1 checkpoint molecules are observed when comparing the norm and malignant pathology of the breast, and can become an important marker of the functional state of T-lymphocytes in BC patients.
ROLE OF THE CELLULAR IMMUNITY IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF BRAIN CONTUSION
Authors: Norka A. O. , Vorobyev S. V. , Kuznetsova R. N. , Serebriakova M. K. , Kudryavtsev I. V. , Kovalenko S. N. 
Published: October 2021

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common pathologies of the central nervous system in the world, and the use of structural neuroimaging methods – computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – often doesn’t allow assessment of the severity of the brain injury that has occurred. This situation predetermines the need to search for new methods of differential diagnosis of the severity of TBI and predicting the risk of consequences.One of these promising areas is the study of the immune status, since traumatic brain injury is characterized by a high rate of complications.One of these promising areas is the study of the immune status in patients with TBI in the acute period. It is now known that in response to brain damage, a response from the immune system is triggered.The reactions from the immune system, which develop after brain injury and directed against its own antigens, in the early period of the disease are related to damage to the nervous tissue. However, according to the latest available data, they are subsequently able to stimulate the processes of repair and regeneration in the brain tissue. In the course of damage to the nervous tissue, in response to endogenous molecules formed during the destruction of cells and the extracellular matrix, the cells of the immune system are activated.Current evidence indicates that T-cells play a role in both the formation of secondary damage and repair mechanisms. They are able to protect neurons through the production of neurotrophic factors such as brain neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which stimulates the growth of neurons, the formation of synapses.Using multicolor cytometric analysis within the framework of this work, a study was carried out to determine the number of the main subpopulations of CD3+CD4+-lymphocytes. The relative number of Th17 (CXCR5- CXCR3- CCR6+CCR4- ) and Th17/Th22 (CXCR5- CXCR3- CCR6+CCR4+), Th1/Th17 (CXCR5- CXCR3+CCR6+CCR4- ) among total CD45RA-negative CD3+CD4+-cells population is significantly increased in comparison with the values in the control group, in turn, the Th1(CXCR5- CXCR3+CCR6- CCR4- ) subpopulations among total CD45RA-negative CD3+CD4+-cells are significantly decreased with the values in the control group. The results obtained so far make it possible to consider immune responses among the key links in the pathogenesis of brain contusion TBI. And, perhaps, a comprehensive immunological examination of the victims in the first day after the injury will determine the parameters that will help predict the nature of possible complications in patients with brain contusion.