bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oligometastatic Parathyroid Carcinoma Presenting as Neck Pain: A Case Report
Authors: Yu Katherine M. , Trimble Duncan J. , Conner Christopher R. , Sheinberg Dallas L. , Low Garren M. I. , Saluja Karan , Schmitt Karl M. , Karni Ron J. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an exceedingly rare, slow-growing but progressive endocrine malignancy that represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Vertebral metastasis of PC is remarkable, with only 3 prior cases of spinal metastasis reported in the literature. Case Description: A 62-year-old woman presented with 1 week of neck pain radiating down her right arm. Cervical x-ray revealed a lytic lesion of the C4 vertebral body. Lab work revealed hypercalcemia with an elevated parathyroid hormone level. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed frank destruction of the C4 vertebral body and pedicles by PC. She was treated with corpectomy, mass excision, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, postoperative radiotherapy, and nonspecific inhibitors of active tumor pathways. Her symptoms resolved postoperatively, and she has remained negative for reoccurrence at 15-month follow-up. Conclusions: To the authors’ knowledge, we report the first described cervical spine metastasis of PC. Additionally, we review the treatment of this rare neoplasm in an extremely rare location in the age of tumor sequencing and morphoproteomic analysis.
Benefits of combination therapy of hydrocortisone, ascorbic acid and thiamine in sepsis and septic shock: A systematic review
Authors: Lee Young Ran , Vo Kandace , Varughese Jincy Thazhampallatu 
Published: May 2021

Background: Sepsis and septic shock are severe medical conditions that can damage multiple organs with a higher risk of mortality. Recently, the combination of hydrocortisone, ascorbic acid and thiamine (HAT) was hypothesized to work synergistically to reverse septic shock and reduce mortality. Aim: To ascertain the efficacy of HAT therapy and compare whether HAT therapy is more beneficial compared to the standard of care in sepsis and septic shock patients. Methods: PubMed, Clinicaltrials.gov , Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane and Embase are databases that were used to identify trials that conducted a study of the combination of HAT in sepsis or septic shock. Results: There were 134 articles identified through a database search and 16 from other sources, which were subsequently reduced to 11 trials (six randomized trials and five non-randomized trials) that were deemed appropriate for inclusion in this review. Most of the outcomes from these studies focused on mortality, the need for renal replacement therapy, duration of vasopressor use, changes in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, procalcitonin clearance and lengths of intensive care unit stay. Conclusion: Due to inconsistent results from clinical studies, the benefits of HAT therapy cannot be confirmed at this point in sepsis and septic shock. Currently, there are at least 20 randomized controlled trials testing HAT in various combinations and dosages in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. The results of these studies are required before definitive conclusions can be made regarding the impact of this novel treatment strategy on the morbidity and mortality of patients with sepsis.
Conduct and evaluation of final-year medical student summative assessments in Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine during COVID-19: an Australian University Medical School experience
Authors: Looi Jeffrey C L , Maguire Paul , Bonner Daniel , Reay Rebecca E , Finlay Angus J F , Keightley Philip , Tedeschi Michael , Wardle Claire , Kramer David 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To describe and share with the medical education community, the conduct and evaluation of summative graduate medical student assessments in Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine during COVID-19 at an Australian university. Methods: Summative assessments were redesigned as follows: written assessments were administered via an online platform (WATTLE), while the Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCE) were conducted via a secure video-conferencing software (Zoom). Results: Our preliminary analysis of the summative assessments indicated that both examiners and students adapted to the format, with overall performance of the students showing no variation due to timing of the assessment (earlier versus later in the day) and performances similar to face-to-face assessments in previous years. Examiners also expressed positive feedback on the assessment process. Conclusions: Our graduate fourth-year medical student summative assessments were effectively conducted using online and video-conferencing software in accordance with existing COVID-19 pandemic public health measures for physical distancing and hygiene.
Clinical laboratory services for primary healthcare centers in urban cities: a pilot ACO model of ten primary healthcare centers
Authors: Tashkandi Soha A. , Alenezi Ali , Bakhsh Ismail , AlJuryyan Abdullah , AlShehry Zahir H , AlRashdi Saeed , Guzman Maryjane , Pono Marvin , Lim Franklin , Tabudlong April Rose , Elwan Lamees , Fagih Musa , Aboabat Ahmad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrimary healthcare centers (PHC) ensure that patients receive comprehensive care from promotion and prevention to treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care in a familiar environment. It is designed to provide first-contact, continuous, comprehensive, and coordinated patient care that will help achieve equity in the specialty healthcare system. The healthcare in Saudi Arabia is undergoing transformation to Accountable Care Organizations (ACO) model. In order for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to achieve its transformational goals in healthcare, the improvement of PHCs’ quality and utilization is crucial. An integral part of this service is the laboratory services.MethodsThis paper presents a pilot model for the laboratory services of PHC's in urban cities. The method was based on the FOCUS-PDCA quality improvement method focusing on the pre-analytical phase of the laboratory testing as well as the Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutes (CBAHI) gap analysis and readiness within the ten piloted primary healthcare centers.ResultsThe Gap analysis, revealed in-consistency in the practice, lead to lower the quality of the service, which was seen in the low performance of the chosen key performance indicators (KPI's) (high rejection rates, lower turn-around times (TAT) for test results) and also in the competency of the staff. Following executing the interventions, and by using some of the ACO Laboratory strategies; the KPI rates were improved, and our results exceeded the targets that we have set to reach during the first year. Also introducing the electronic connectivity improved the TAT KPI and made many of the processes leaner.ConclusionsOur results revealed that the centralization of PHC's laboratory service to an accredited reference laboratory and implementing the national accreditation standards improved the testing process and lowered the cost, for the mass majority of the routine laboratory testing. Moreover, the model shed the light on how crucial the pre-analytical phase for laboratory quality improvement process, its effect on cost reduction, and the importance of staff competency and utilization.
Feasibility and acceptability of “active” classroom workstations among French university students and lecturers: a pilot study
Authors: Grosprêtre Sidney , Ennequin Gael , Peseux Sophie , Isacco Laurie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Sedentary lifestyles plague today’s society in terms of physical, psychosocial and cognitive health. Students are particularly at risk because they spend most of their daily time sitting and inactive. The current pedagogical model must be rethought in order to promote students’ health, well-being and therefore their success. The objective of this project was to equip one classroom of the sport science department at a university with various active workstations (standing desks, Swiss balls, cycling desks, pedal- or stepper-board) and to evaluate the feasibility and influence of these types of active workstations on the cognitive and psychological factors of the students, and to collect the feedback of lecturers during this experience.

Methods
Participation in the study was voluntary and students had the opportunity to choose or not to use an active workstation during lectures. A total of 663 students and 14 lecturers completed a survey to evaluate subjective feelings about physical, psycho-cognitive and academic aspects after their first experience with active workstations in the classroom.

Results
The majority of students and lecturers reported positive effects of active workstations in reducing fatigue, distraction, and boredom. The preferred active workstations were the cycling desks and the Swiss balls. Finally, 89.4% of students favoured using active workstations in future lectures if they had the option, as well as 71% of lecturers, demonstrating the acceptance of such active workstations.

Conclusion
The present study brings promising results toward a more general implementation of active workstations in universities. Once a familiarisation period is observed, having such workstations in the classroom could help prevent the deleterious effect of sedentary behaviour and promote a more active daily life for the future.
The association between social ties and depression among Asian and Pacific Islander undocumented young adults
Authors: Ro Annie , Nakphong Michelle Kao , Choi Hye Young , Nguyen Alex , Sudhinaraset May 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The mental health of Asian and Pacific Islander (API) undocumented young adults has been understudied, despite an increasingly restrictive immigration climate that would ostensibly raise mental health risks. This study examined the role of social ties and depression among API undocumented young adults. We distinguished between two types of social ties, bonding and bridging, and additionally considered the absence of ties (e.g. isolation).

Methods
We used primary data collected among 143 API undocumented young adults. We first identified correlates for each type of social tie and then examined the association for each measure with depression.

Results
Higher levels of bonding and bridging ties were associated with lower odds of a positive depression screen. In contrast, isolation was associated with higher odds of a positive depression screen. There were no significant associations between total social ties and depression.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that both bonding and bridging ties are important factors in the mental health of API undocumented young adults. Factors that facilitate these types of ties, such as DACA, can be effective interventions for improving mental health among this population.
Cross Cultural Workers for women and families from migrant and refugee backgrounds: a mixed-methods study of service providers perceptions
Authors: Rogers Helen J. , Hogan Lily , Coates Dominiek , Homer Caroline S. E. , Henry Amanda 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Women from migrant and refugee backgrounds who live in high-income countries are at increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, including mental health issues, preterm birth and maternal and infant mortality. There is a need to implement and evaluate models of care to meet their specific needs in order to improve health outcomes, their experiences of care, and overcome barriers to access. In Sydney, Australia, a unique model of care was implemented to support women and families from migrant and refugee backgrounds to access health and community-based services through the continuum of pregnancy to the early parenting period. This model of care is known as the Cross Cultural Workers (CCWs) in Maternity and Child and Family Health Service (the CCW Service). The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of service providers regarding the CCW Service and identify recommendations for improvement.

Methods
A mixed-methods study was conducted consisting of surveys and face to face semi-structured interviews. Service providers were recruited from hospital-based maternity and community-based services. Survey data were analysed descriptively. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
Sixty-nine service providers completed surveys and 19 were interviewed. The CCW Service was highly regarded by service providers who perceived it to be critical in improving care for women from migrant and refugee backgrounds. The overarching theme from the interviews was the ability of the CCW Service to act as a ‘bridge to health’ through the provision of culturally responsive care. There were three main categories; supporting access to health and community-based services, improving the healthcare experience, and organisational factors, including part-time hours, capacity, heavy workloads and confusion/lack of clarity regarding the CCW role, which affected CCWs’ capacity to optimally support service providers in providing culturally responsive care. These limitations meant CCWs were not able to meet demand, and fully operationalise the model.

Conclusion
Service providers perceived the CCW model to be a culturally responsive model of care tailored to the needs of women and families from migrant and refugee backgrounds, that reduces barriers to access, and has the potential to improve perinatal outcomes, and women's experience and satisfaction with care.
The accumulation of exosome-associated microRNA-1246 and microRNA-150-3p in human red blood cell suspensions
Authors: Kong Yujie , Tian Xue , He Rui , Li Chenyue , Xu Haixia , Tian Li , Liu Zhong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM) can be caused by exosomes, in which case, microRNAs (miRNAs) are one critical factor impacting exosome behavior. This study aims to investigate and analyze the expression profiles of exosomal miRNA in red blood cell (RBC) suspensions during storage and to identify potential TRIM-related miRNAs as well as their potential functions.

Methods
A total of 25 packs of RBC suspensions were randomly collected. Exosome were extracted by ultracentrifugation and then identified and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot (WB). Exosomal miRNA profiles were acquired using gene chips in five packs on week 1 and week 5. The expression data were compared from the two time points identifying accumulated miRNAs with statistical significance and their predicted targeting genes were analyzed. Based on the gene chip results, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCR) were performed to verify miRNA accumulation in the rest 20 packs sampling on week 1, 3 and 5.

Results
Gene chip analysis revealed that most exosomal miRNAs were enriched as the storage period progressed. Compared to samples from week 1, week 5 samples exhibited a total of 539 differential miRNA expressions, among which, 159 were statistically significant (P < 0.05) and 148 (93.08%) were accumulated. In the bioinformatics functional analysis, significant immunoregulatory annotations related to the thyroid hormone, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), focal adhesion and RAS signaling pathways were identified. The top 17 differential expression miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR. The results confirmed that all the 17 miRNAs were accumulated with increasing storage time. In particular, miRNA-1246 and miRNA-150-3p were the most enriched strands by more than 150-folds in the 5-week storage period.

Conclusions
As storage progressed, numerous exosomal miRNAs accumulated in the RBC suspensions, which are informatically connected to multiple immuno-signaling pathways. MiRNA-1246 and miRNA-150-3p may be essential mediators impacting the immunoregulation functions of exosomes in RBC suspensions, considering their significant accumulating scales. Further research should therefore focus on the relationship between these miRNAs and TRIM.
Ovarian microcystic stromal tumor with omental metastasis: the first case report and literature review
Authors: Man Xiaxia , Wei Zhentong , Wang Baogang , Li Wanying , Tong Lingling , Guo Liang , Zhang Songling 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Microcystic stromal tumor (MCST) of the ovary is an extremely rare subtype of sex cord-stromal neoplasm first described by Irving and Young in 2009. Tumors from all previously reported cases (fewer than 40 total) were benign, but one was a case of ovarian MCST that reoccurred.

Case presentation
Herein, we present a unique single case of ovarian MCST with omental metastasis in a 47-year-old Chinese female along with its histologic and immunohistochemical profile and genetic alterations. The tumor exhibited the previously described classic microscopic features and immunoprofiles of MCST. The tumorlet in the omentum presented the same histological structures and characteristically expressed β-catenin protein (localized in the nucleus). Molecular analysis identified a point mutation (c.98C > G) in exon 3 of CTNNB1.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, no such report has been documented for ovarian MCST with omental metastasis. The study may provide new insights into the tumor biology of MCST and provide a better understanding of this rare entity.
scGRNom: a computational pipeline of integrative multi-omics analyses for predicting cell-type disease genes and regulatory networks
Authors: Jin Ting , Rehani Peter , Ying Mufang , Huang Jiawei , Liu Shuang , Roussos Panagiotis , Wang Daifeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUnderstanding cell-type-specific gene regulatory mechanisms from genetic variants to diseases remains challenging. To address this, we developed a computational pipeline, scGRNom (single-cellGeneRegulatoryNetwork prediction from multi-omics), to predict cell-type disease genes and regulatory networks including transcription factors and regulatory elements. With applications to schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease, we predicted disease genes and regulatory networks for excitatory and inhibitory neurons, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. Further enrichment analyses revealed cross-disease and disease-specific functions and pathways at the cell-type level. Our machine learning analysis also found that cell-type disease genes improved clinical phenotype predictions. scGRNom is a general-purpose tool available athttps://github.com/daifengwanglab/scGRNom.
A phase 2 double-blind placebo-controlled 24-week treatment clinical study of the p38 alpha kinase inhibitor neflamapimod in mild Alzheimer’s disease
Authors:   for the REVERSE-SD Study Investigators, Prins Niels D. , Harrison John E. , Chu Hui-May , Blackburn Kelly , Alam John J. , Scheltens Philip 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
In preclinical studies, p38⍺ kinase is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. In animal models, it mediates impaired synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus, causing memory deficits, and is involved in amyloid-beta (Aβ) production and tau pathology.

Methods
The REVERSE-SD (synaptic dysfunction) study was a multi-center phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the p38⍺ kinase inhibitor neflamapimod; conducted December 29, 2017, to June 17, 2019; 464 participants screened, and 161 randomized to either 40 mg neflamapimod (78 study participants) or matching placebo (83 study participants), orally twice daily for 24 weeks. Study participants are as follows: CSF AD-biomarker confirmed, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR)-global score 0.5 or 1.0, CDR-memory score ≥0.5, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 20–28. The primary endpoint was the improvement in episodic memory, assessed by combined change in Z-scores of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) Total and Delayed Recall. Secondary endpoints included change in Wechsler Memory Scale-IV (WMS) Immediate and Delayed Recall composites, CDR-SB, MMSE, and CSF biomarkers [total and phosphorylated tau (T-tau and p-tau181), Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, neurogranin, and neurofilament light chain].

Results
At randomization, the mean age is 72, 50% female, 77% with CDR-global score 0.5, and mean MMSE score 23.8. The incidence of discontinuation for adverse events and serious adverse events (all considered unrelated) was 3% each. No significant differences between treatment groups were observed in the primary or secondary clinical endpoints. Significantly reduced CSF levels with neflamapimod treatment, relative to placebo, were evident for T-tau [difference (95% CI): −18.8 (−35.8, −1.8); P=0.031] and p-tau181 [−2.0 (−3.6, −0.5); P=0.012], with a trend for neurogranin [−21.0 (−43.6, 1.6); P=0.068]. In pre-specified pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) analyses, subjects in the highest quartile of trough plasma neflamapimod levels demonstrated positive trends, compared with placebo, in HLVT-R and WMS.

Conclusions and relevance
A 24-week treatment with 40 mg neflamapimod twice daily did not improve episodic memory in patients with mild AD. However, neflamapimod treatment lowered CSF biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction. Combined with PK–PD findings, the results indicate that a longer duration study of neflamapimod at a higher dose level to assess effects on AD progression is warranted.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03402659. Registered on January 18, 2018
Rab11FIP1 maintains Rab35 at the intercellular bridge to promote actin removal and abscission
Authors: Iannantuono Nicholas V. G. , Emery Gregory 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Cytokinesis occurs at the end of mitosis/meiosis wherein the cytoplasms of daughter cells are separated. Before abscission, an intercellular bridge containing the remaining furrowing machinery, mitotic spindle and actin cytoskeleton connects the two daughter cells. To remove this actin and allow for the separation of daughter cells, Rab35 vesicles, loaded with the actin oxidizer MICAL1 and the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase OCRL, are recruited to the midbody in a fine-tuned spatiotemporal manner. However, importantly, the means by which these vesicles are recruited is currently unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Rab11FIP1 is recruited to the midbody after Rab35 to scaffold it at the bridge and maintain Rab35 in this region. In the absence of Rab11FIP1, Rab35 dramatically drops from the midbody, inducing defects, such as cytokinetic delays and binucleation due to actin overaccumulation at the intercellular bridge, which can be rescued with Latrunculin A treatment. Importantly, we show that Rab11FIP1 is critical for Rab35 function in actin removal prior to cytokinesis.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Postdigital. Interaktiv. Partizipativ. Mit der PIP-Formel in die Post-Corona-Zeit
Authors: Lux Anna M. , Macgilchrist Felicitas 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungWas in der Pandemie deutlich wird, zeichnete sich bereits ab: Das Verständnis von Zusammenarbeit hat sich verändert. Die Mitwirkung in verschiedenen Teams, Netzwerken und Communities ist ebenso selbstverständlich geworden, wie das überregionale und internationale Agieren. Wo Jeder mit Jedem vernetzt ist, stellt nicht die Digitalisierung die Herausforderung dar, sondern die Gestaltung der Prozesse im Miteinander. Das Zusammenspiel von Mensch, Technik und Raum im postdigitalen Zeitalter erfordert Methoden und Arbeitsweisen, die Kreativität, Meinungsvielfalt und Beteiligung fördern. Abgeleitet aus einem Praxisbeispiel möchten wir zur Gestaltung zeitgemäßer Formate der Zusammenarbeit eine Basis vorschlagen: die Anwendung der PIP-Formel im Zusammenspiel mit den Liberating Structures.