bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of open and intracorporeal modified ureterosigmoidostomy (Mainz II) after laparoscopic radical cystectomy with bladder cancer
Authors: Zheng Duo , Liu Junyao , Wu Gongjin , Yang Shujun , Luo Chuang , Du Tianci , Luo Yao , Bao Junsheng , Tian Junqiang , Wang Zhiping , Shang Panfeng , Yue Zhongjin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective
To compare perioperative and oncologic outcomes of open modified ureterosigmoidostomy urinary diversion (OMUUD) and intracorporeal modified ureterosigmoidostomy urinary diversion (IMUUD) following laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC).

Patients and methods
We retrospectively reviewed our single institutional collected database patients undergoing LRC from October 2011 to October 2019. The perioperative characteristics were compared between OMUUD and IMUUD, and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results
Overall, 84 patients were included. OMUUD and IMUUD were performed in 63 (75%) and 21 (25%) patients, respectively. IMUUD patients demonstrated shorter postoperative length of stay (16.24 ± 3.91 days vs. 18.98 ± 7.41 days, P = 0.033), similar operation time (498.57 ± 121.44 vs. 462.24 ± 99.71, P = 0.175), similar estimated blood loss [400 (200–475) ml vs. 400 (200–700) ml, P = 0.095], and similar overall complication rate within 30 days (19.05% vs. 25.40%, P = 0.848) and 90 days (23.81% vs. 17.46%, P = 0.748). Complete urinary control rate was 87.3% (55/63) in the OMUUD group. In IMUUD, the complete urinary control rate was 90.5% (19/21). There was no significant difference in OS (χ2 = 0.015, P = 0.901) and PFS (χ2 = 0.107, P = 0.743) between the two groups.

Conclusion
IMUUD postoperative recovery is faster; other perioperative outcomes and oncology results are not significantly different with OMUUD. It is indicated that IMUUD can be utilized safely and effectively in the urinary diversion after LRC.
First two-stage robotic ALPPS in HCC patients with hepatic vein invasion: a step-by-step procedure from a clinical case
Authors: Hu Ming-Gen , Wang Jin , Yin Zhu-Zeng , Liu Rong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The associating liver partitioning and portal vein occlusion for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) procedure is gaining interest because it brings hope to patients who cannot undergo radical surgical resection due to insufficient remnant liver volume. However, the indications and technical aspects of this procedure are still under debate. This report demonstrates the technical aspects of the first two-stage robotic ALPPS for HCC.

Case presentation
A 55-year-old man with type II portal vein variation was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma. Preoperative 3D reconstruction of the liver based on CT showed a future liver remnant/standard liver volume (FLR/SLV) of 24.45%. The ALPPS procedure was performed using the da Vinci Si system. At the first stage of the operation, we removed the gallbladder and ligated the right anterior branch of the portal vein and the right posterior branch. Following blocking of the hepatic hilum, the liver parenchyma was removed 1 cm away from the right side of the falciform ligament in an incision manner from the top to the bottom and from shallow to deep. The second-stage operation was performed on the 12th postoperative day with a FLR/SLV of 45.13%. During this step, the right hemiliver plus left medial section was separated and removed. Postoperative pathology showed a negative margin. The operative times were 195 and 217 min, respectively. Estimated blood loss was 250 and 500 ml, respectively. There was no need for transfusion or hospitalization in intensive care. The patient was discharged on the 6th postoperative day. Recovery was uneventful after both stages, and the patient did not present any sign of liver failure. Elevation of liver enzymes was minimal. The patient had no evidence of the disease 14 months after the procedure.

Conclusions
The two-stage robotic ALPPS procedure is a safe and feasible technique for select patients with HCC.
Novel variants in DNAH9 lead to nonsyndromic severe asthenozoospermia
Authors: Tang Dongdong , Sha Yanwei , Gao Yang , Zhang Jingjing , Cheng Huiru , Zhang Junqiang , Ni Xiaoqing , Wang Chao , Xu Chuan , Geng Hao , He Xiaojin , Cao Yunxia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Asthenozoospermia is one of the most common causes of male infertility, and its genetic etiology is poorly understood. DNAH9 is a core component of outer dynein arms in cilia and flagellum. It was reported that variants of DNAH9 (OMIM: 603330) might cause primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). However, variants in DNAH9 lead to nonsyndromic severe asthenozoospermia have yet to be reported.

Methods
Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed for two individuals with nonsyndromic severe asthenozoospermia from two non-consanguineous families, and Sanger sequencing was performed to verify the identified variants and parental origins. Sperm routine analysis, sperm vitality rate and sperm morphology analysis were performed according the WHO guidelines 2010 (5th edition). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM, TECNAI-10, 80 kV, Philips, Holland) was used to observe ultrastructures of sperm tail. Quantitative realtime-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect the expression of DNAH9-mRNA and location of DNAH9-protein. Furthermore, assisted reproductive procedures were applied.

Results
By WES and Sanger sequencing, compound heterozygous DNAH9 (NM_001372.4) variants were identified in the two individuals with nonsyndromic severe asthenozoospermia (F1 II-1: c.302dupT, p.Leu101fs*47 / c.6956A > G, p.Asp2319Gly; F2 II-1: c.6294 T > A, p.Phe2098Leu / c.10571 T > A, p.Leu3524Gln). Progressive rates less than 1% with normal sperm morphology rates and normal vitality rates were found in both of the two subjects. No respiratory phenotypes, situs inversus or other malformations were found by detailed medical history, physical examination and lung CT scans etc. Moreover, the expression of DNAH9-mRNA was significantly decreased in sperm from F1 II-1. And expression of DNAH9 is lower in sperm tail by immunofluorescence staining in F1 II-1 compared with normal control. Notably, by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), F1 II-1 and his partner successfully achieved clinical pregnancy.

Conclusions
We identified DNAH9 as a novel pathogenic gene for nonsyndromic severe asthenospermia, and ICSI can contribute to favorable pregnancy outcomes for these patients.
Interactions of neuroimmune signaling and glutamate plasticity in addiction
Authors: Gipson Cassandra D. , Rawls Scott , Scofield Michael D. , Siemsen Benjamin M. , Bondy Emma O. , Maher Erin E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChronic use of drugs of abuse affects neuroimmune signaling; however, there are still many open questions regarding the interactions between neuroimmune mechanisms and substance use disorders (SUDs). Further, chronic use of drugs of abuse can induce glutamatergic changes in the brain, but the relationship between the glutamate system and neuroimmune signaling in addiction is not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to bring into focus the role of neuroimmune signaling and its interactions with the glutamate system following chronic drug use, and how this may guide pharmacotherapeutic treatment strategies for SUDs. In this review, we first describe neuroimmune mechanisms that may be linked to aberrant glutamate signaling in addiction. We focus specifically on the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, a potentially important neuroimmune mechanism that may be a key player in driving drug-seeking behavior. We highlight the importance of astroglial-microglial crosstalk, and how this interacts with known glutamatergic dysregulations in addiction. Then, we describe the importance of studying non-neuronal cells with unprecedented precision because understanding structure-function relationships in these cells is critical in understanding their role in addiction neurobiology. Here we propose a working model of neuroimmune-glutamate interactions that underlie drug use motivation, which we argue may aid strategies for small molecule drug development to treat substance use disorders. Together, the synthesis of this review shows that interactions between glutamate and neuroimmune signaling may play an important and understudied role in addiction processes and may be critical in developing more efficacious pharmacotherapies to treat SUDs.
The association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio with post-thrombolysis early neurological outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Gong Pengyu , Liu Yukai , Gong Yachi , Chen Gang , Zhang Xiaohao , Wang Siyu , Zhou Feng , Duan Rui , Chen Wenxiu , Huang Ting , Wang Meng , Deng Qiwen , Shi Hongchao , Zhou Junshan , Jiang Teng , Zhang Yingdong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeTo investigate the association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) with post-thrombolysis early neurological outcomes including early neurological improvement (ENI) and early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsAIS patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis were enrolled from April 2016 to September 2019. Blood cell counts were sampled before thrombolysis. Post-thrombolysis END was defined as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score increase of ≥ 4 within 24 h after thrombolysis. Post-thrombolysis ENI was defined as NIHSS score decrease of ≥ 4 or complete recovery within 24 h. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship of NLR, PLR, and LMR to post-thrombolysis END and ENI. We also used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to assess the discriminative ability of three ratios in predicting END and ENI.ResultsAmong 1060 recruited patients, a total of 193 (18.2%) were diagnosed with END and 398 (37.5%) were diagnosed with ENI. Multinomial logistic model indicated that NLR (odds ratio [OR], 1.385; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.238–1.551,P= 0.001), PLR (OR, 1.013; 95% CI 1.009–1.016,P= 0.001), and LMR (OR, 0.680; 95% CI 0.560–0.825,P= 0.001) were independent factors for post-thrombolysis END. Moreover, NLR (OR, 0.713; 95% CI 0.643–0.791,P= 0.001) served as an independent factor for post-thrombolysis ENI. Area under curve (AUC) of NLR, PLR, and LMR to discriminate END were 0.763, 0.703, and 0.551, respectively. AUC of NLR, PLR, and LMR to discriminate ENI were 0.695, 0.530, and 0.547, respectively.ConclusionsNLR, PLR, and LMR were associated with post-thrombolysis END. NLR and PLR may predict post-thrombolysis END. NLR was related to post-thrombolysis ENI.
Interleukin-1β mediates alterations in mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins and memory impairment induced by amyloid-β oligomers
Authors: Batista Andre F. , Rody Tayná , Forny-Germano Leticia , Cerdeiro Suzana , Bellio Maria , Ferreira Sergio T. , Munoz Douglas P. , De Felice Fernanda G. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The lack of effective treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) reflects an incomplete understanding of disease mechanisms. Alterations in proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics, an essential process for mitochondrial integrity and function, have been reported in AD brains. Impaired mitochondrial dynamics causes mitochondrial dysfunction and has been associated with cognitive impairment in AD. Here, we investigated a possible link between pro-inflammatory interleukin-1 (IL-1), mitochondrial dysfunction, and cognitive impairment in AD models.

Methods
We exposed primary hippocampal cell cultures to amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) and carried out AβO infusions into the lateral cerebral ventricle of cynomolgus macaques to assess the impact of AβOs on proteins that regulate mitochondrial dynamics. Where indicated, primary cultures were pre-treated with mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (mdivi-1), or with anakinra, a recombinant interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) antagonist used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Cognitive impairment was investigated in C57BL/6 mice that received an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of AβOs in the presence or absence of mdivi-1. To assess the role of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in AβO-induced alterations in mitochondrial proteins and memory impairment, interleukin receptor-1 knockout (Il1r1−/−) mice received an i.c.v. infusion of AβOs.

Results
We report that anakinra prevented AβO-induced alteration in mitochondrial dynamics proteins in primary hippocampal cultures. Altered levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion and fission were observed in the brains of cynomolgus macaques that received i.c.v. infusions of AβOs. The mitochondrial fission inhibitor, mdivi-1, alleviated synapse loss and cognitive impairment induced by AβOs in mice. In addition, AβOs failed to cause alterations in expression of mitochondrial dynamics proteins or memory impairment in Il1r1−/− mice.

Conclusion
These findings indicate that IL-1β mediates the impact of AβOs on proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and that strategies aimed to prevent pathological alterations in those proteins may counteract synapse loss and cognitive impairment in AD.
The effect of the mGlu8 receptor agonist, (S)-3,4-DCPG on acquisition and expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in male rats
Authors: Kahvandi Nazanin , Ebrahimi Zahra , Karimi Seyed Asaad , Shahidi Siamak , Salehi Iraj , Naderishahab Marzieh , Sarihi Abdolrahman 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a principal role in drug reward. It has been reported that metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu receptors) play a key role in the rewarding pathway(s). Previous studies have shown the vast allocation of the different types of mGlu receptors, including mGlu8 receptors, in regions that are associated with opioid rewards, such as the NAc. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of mGlu8 receptors within the NAc in the acquisition and expression phases of morphine induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally implanted by two cannulas' in the NAc and were evaluated in a CPP paradigm. Selective mGlu8 receptor allosteric agonist (S-3,4-DCPG) was administered at doses of 0.03, 0.3, and 3 μg/0.5 μL saline per side into the NAc on both sides during the 3 days of morphine (5 mg/kg) conditioning (acquisition) phase, or before place preference test, or post-conditioning (expression) phase of morphine-induced CPP.

Results
The results revealed that intra-accumbal administration of S-3,4-DCPG (0.3 and 3 μg) markedly decreased the acquisition in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on expression of morphine-induced CPP.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that activation of mGlu8 receptors in the NAc dose-dependently blocks the establishment of morphine-induced CPP and reduces the rewarding properties of morphine which may be related to the glutamate activity into the NAc and in reward pathway(s). These data suggest that mGlu8 receptor may be involved in conditioned morphine reward.
Endobronchial sialolipoma. Case report
Authors: Nodar Severino Rey , Yllán Verónica García , Ferrer Nohelia Rojas , Solis Onay , Boccara Hugo D. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
A 52-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath and cough. An endobronchial sialolipoma was found at the left entrance of the main bronchus. Sialolipoma is an exceedingly rare type of lipoma reported of the minor salivary glands, especially within the bronchus.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath and cough with 6 months´ evolution. Endobronchial endoscopy revealed a tumour at the left entrance of the main bronchus. The entire removal of the tumour was removed using a cryoprobe device. Pathological examination showed a tumour consistent with the diagnosis of sialolipoma due to the presence of mature adipose cells blended with acinar, ductal, basal, and myoepithelial cells. The patient had a favourable outcome.

Conclusion
The infrequent tracheobronchial presentation of this tumour can be challenging for correct diagnosis.
Succinate dehydrogenase deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a three month old boy with a fatal clinical course: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Lv Bei-Bei , Li Jia-Mei , Yao Zhi-Gang , Cheng Xian-Kui , Ren Fu-Xin , Su Wen-Jing , Qin Ye-Jun , Wang Zhou , Cao Zhi-xin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Succinate dehydrogenase deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors (SDH-deficient GISTs), which lack KIT or PDGFRA mutations demonstrate unique clinical and pathological features, and they respond poorly to standard targeted therapy. We herein present a novel case of SDH-deficient GIST in a three-month-old infant’s colon mesentery, and he is the youngest patientto date.

Case presentation
The infantpresented with complaints of blood in the stool. CT showed a 6.3 × 4.6 cm mass in the left lower retroperitoneal. Complete resection of tumor and segmental bowel resection was performed without regional lymphadenectomy. Histologically, tumor cells were distinctive in their multinodular colon wall involvement with interspersed tracts of colon wall smooth muscle. The tumor was composed mainly of epithelioid cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for Vim, CD117, PDGFR, while negative for SDHB. Mutational analysis showed a synonymous mutation for SDHB and wild-type for KIT and PDGFRA. Two months after surgery, metastases were found and Imatinib was administered. Unfortunately, the disease continued to progress, and the infant died 5 months after surgery.

Conclusions
SDH-deficient GISTs comprise a subgroup of a relatively rare tumor type and show a number of clinically and biologically unique features, especially for infants. It is of great importance to developing new therapeutic targets and novel specific drugs.
The popliteomeniscal fascicles: from diagnosis to surgical repair: a systematic review of current literature
Authors: D’Addona Alessio , Izzo Andrea , Di Vico Giovanni , Rosa Donato , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPopliteomeniscal fascicles (PMF) are considered the posterolateral meniscocapsular extensions which connect the lateral meniscus to the edge of the tibia. PMFs disruption leads to hypermobility of the lateral meniscus with pain and locking sensation. Recognition and treatment of PMFs tear remain very challenging. The aim of this systematic review is to collect and analyse the articles concerning popliteomeniscal fascicle disruption from diagnosis to surgical approach.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched. Various combinations of the keywords “Popliteomeniscal Fascicles”, “Lateral Meniscus”, “Popliteal Hiatus”, “Posterolateral Corner”, “Tear” and “Surgical Repair” were used. The original literature search identified a total of 85 articles comprising of duplicates. The PRISMA guidilines were followed. Studies in English language and published in peer-reviewed journals were included. Articles with level of evidence I to IV were includedResultsA total of three articles were included in the qualitative analysis. All the articles included are retrospective case series, with a level of evidence IV. Studies concerning patients with pre-operative imaging MRI and clinical assessment, reporting surgical technique and clinical outcomes assessed by physical examination and/or subjective evaluation scales were analysed.ConclusionsMRI and the Figure-4 test allow to assess PMF tears pre-operatively. Arthroscopic evaluation constitutes the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis. Although surgery is considered resolutive for symptoms, there is still controversy about the most appropriate technique. Further higher quality studies are required.
Silymarin modulates catabolic cytokine expression through Sirt1 and SOX9 in human articular chondrocytes
Authors: Wu Wen-Tien , Chen Yi-Ru , Lu Dai-Hua , Senatov Fedor Svyatoslavovich , Yang Kai-Chiang , Wang Chen-Chie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Silymarin (SMN), a polyphenolic flavonoid, is involved in multiple bioactive functions including anti-inflammation. Pretreatment with SMN demonstrated chondroprotection against tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulation in a chondrocyte cell line. However, pre- and posttreatment with phytochemicals have varying effects on osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes, and the therapeutic potential of SMN after catabolic cytokine stimulation is not fully elucidated.

Methods
The cytotoxicity of SMN (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μM) was evaluated in human primary chondrocytes. The chondrocytes were supplemented with SMN (25 and 50 μM) after interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) stimulation. The mRNA expression and protein production of catabolic/anabolic cytokines as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) components were evaluated.

Results
High-dose SMN (100 μM) impaired the mitochondrial activity in chondrocytes, and 50 μM SMN further caused cell death in IL-1β-stimulated cells. The addition of 25 μM SMN ameliorated cell senescence; downregulated the catabolic genes of inducible nitric oxide synthase, IL-1β, TNF-α, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), MMP-9 and MMP-13; upregulated the anabolic genes of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and collagen type II alpha 1; and restored the expression of chondrogenic phenotype genes SOX9 and sirtuin-1 (Sirt1). In addition, the production of IL-1β, MMP-3 and MMP-9 decreased with an increase in TIMP-1 secretion. However, the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 and protein production remained high. The addition of nicotinamide, a Sirt1 inhibitor, downregulated SOX9 and attenuated the therapeutic effects of SMN on IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes.

Conclusion
SMN regulates the chondrocyte phenotype through Sirt1 and SOX9 to improve ECM homeostasis and may serve as a complementary therapy for early-stage knee OA.