bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of the MAOB rs1799836 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and APOE ε4 Allele in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Leko Mirjana B. , Perković Matea N. , Erjavec Gordana N. , Klepac Nataša , Štrac Dubravka Š. , Borovečki Fran , Pivac Nela , Hof Patrick R. , Šimić Goran 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The dopaminergic system is functionally compromised in Alzheimer’s
Disease (AD). The activity of Monoamine Oxidase B (MAOB), the enzyme involved in the degradation
of dopamine, is increased during AD. Also, increased expression of MAOB occurs in the
postmortem hippocampus and neocortex of patients with AD. The MAOB rs1799836 polymorphism
modulates MAOB transcription, consequently influencing protein translation and MAOB activity.
We recently showed that cerebrospinal fluid levels of amyloid β1-42 are decreased in patients
carrying the A allele in MAOB rs1799836 polymorphism.

Objective:
The present study compares MAOB rs1799836 polymorphism and APOE, the only confirmed
genetic risk factor for sporadic AD.

Methods:
We included 253 participants, 127 of whom had AD, 57 had mild cognitive impairment,
11 were healthy controls, and 58 suffered from other primary causes of dementia. MAOB and
APOE polymorphisms were determined using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays.

Results :
We observed that the frequency of APOE ε4/ε4 homozygotes and APOE ε4 carriers is significantly
increased among patients carrying the AA MAOB rs1799836 genotype.

Conclusion:
These results indicate that the MAOB rs1799836 polymorphism is a potential genetic
biomarker of AD and a potential target for the treatment of decreased dopaminergic transmission
and cognitive deterioration in AD.
The Role of Neuroglial Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Alzheimer’s
Disease
Authors: Abd-Elrahman Khaled S. , Sarasija Shaarika , Ferguson Stephen S.G. 
Published: September 2021

:
Glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain exerts its effects via both
ionotropic glutamate receptors and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). There are three
subgroups of mGluRs, pre-synaptic Group II and Group III mGluRs and post-synaptic Group I
mGluRs. mGluRs are ubiquitously expressed in the brain and their activation is poised upstream of
a myriad of signaling pathways, resulting in their implication in the pathogenesis of various
neurodegenerative diseases including, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). While the exact mechanism of
AD etiology remains elusive, β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles remain
the histopathological hallmarks of AD. Though less electrically excitable, neuroglia are a major
non-neuronal cell type in the brain and are composed of astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes.
Astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes provide structural and metabolic support, active
immune defence, and axonal support and sheathing, respectively. Interestingly, Aβ and
hyperphosphorylated tau are known to disrupt the neuroglial homeostasis in the brain, pushing them
towards a more neurotoxic state. In this review, we discuss what is currently known regarding the
expression patterns of various mGluRs in neuroglia and how Aβ and tau alter the normal mGluR
function in the neuroglia and contribute to the pathophysiology of AD.
Heterogeneity Analysis of Chest CT Predict Individual Prognosis of
COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Yang Bo , Zhang Bei , Gao Lichen , Zhang Jian , Qiu Huaiming , Huang Wencai 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Ground-glass Opacity (GGO) and Consolidation Opacity (CLO) are the
common CT lung opacities, and their heterogeneity may have potential for prognosis ofcoronavirus
disease-19 (COVID-19) patients.

Objective:
This study aimed to estimate clinical outcomes in individual COVID-19 patients using
histogram heterogeneity analysis based on CT opacities.

Methods:
71 COVID-19 cases’ medical records were retrospectively reviewed from a designated
hospital in Wuhan, China, from January 24th to February 28th at the early stage of the pandemic.
Two characteristic lung abnormity opacities, GGO and CLO, were drawn on CT images to identify
the heterogeneity using quantitative histogram analysis. The parameters (mean, mode, kurtosis, and
skewness) were derived from histograms to evaluate the accuracy of clinical classification and outcome
prediction. Nomograms were built to predict the risk of death and median length of hospital
stays (LOS), respectively.

Results:
A total of 57 COVID-19 cases were eligible for the study cohort after excluding 14 cases.
The highest lung abnormalities were GGO mixed with CLO in both the survival populations (26 in
42, 61.9%) and died population (10 in 15, 66.7%). The best performance heterogeneity parameters
to discriminate severe type from mild/moderate counterparts were as follows: GGO_skewness: specificity=
66.67%, sensitivity=78.12%, AUC=0.706; CLO_mean: specificity=70.00%, sensitivity=
76.92%, and AUC=0.746. Nomogram based on histogram parameters can predict the individual
risk of death and the prolonged median LOS of COVID-19 patients. C-indexes were 0.763 and
0.888 for risk of death and prolonged median LOS, respectively.

Conclusion:
Histogram analysis method based on GGO and CLO has the ability for individual risk
prediction in COVID-19 patients.
Big Data for Treatment Planning: Pathways and Possibilities for Smart
Healthcare Systems
Authors: Khan Samiya , Banday Shoaib Amin , Alam Mansaf 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Treatment planning is one of the crucial stages of healthcare assessment
and delivery. Moreover, it also has a significant impact on patient outcomes and system efficiency.
With the evolution of transformative healthcare technologies, most areas of healthcare have started
collecting data at different levels, as a result of which there is a splurge in the size and complexity
of health data being generated every minute.

Introduction:
This paper explores the different characteristics of health data with respect to big data.
Besides this, it also classifies research efforts in treatment planning on the basis of the informatics
domain being used, which includes medical informatics, imaging informatics and translational
bioinformatics.

Method:
This is a survey paper that reviews existing literature on the use of big data technologies
for treatment planning in the healthcare ecosystem. Therefore, a qualitative research methodology
was adopted for this work.

Results:
Review of existing literature has been analyzed to identify potential gaps in research, identifying
and providing insights into high prospect areas for potential future research.

Conclusion:
The use of big data for treatment planning is rapidly evolving, and findings of this research
can head start and streamline specific research pathways in the field.
Analysis of Data Point Cloud Preprocessing and Feature Angle Detection Algorithm
Authors: Zhao Feng , Dhiman Gaurav 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The two main stages are utilized for feature extraction, from which the first
stage consists of a penalty weight to the neighbor graph’s edges. The edge penalty weights are minimized
by the neighbor sub-graph extraction to produce the set of feature patterns. For noisy data,
the second stage is helpful.

Methodology:
In order to realize the measurement of the geometric dimensions of the ship block,
this paper uses the theory of computer vision and reverse engineering to obtain the data of the segmented-
hull with the method of digitizing the physical parts based on the vision, and processes the
data by using the relevant knowledge of reverse engineering.

Result:
The results show that the efficiency of the edge extraction algorithm based on mathematical
morphology is 30% higher than that of the mesh generation method. An adaptive corner detection
algorithm based on the edge can adaptively determine the size of the support area and accurately
detect the corner position.

Conclusion:
According to the characteristics of the point cloud of ship hull segment data, an adaptive
corner detection algorithm based on the edge is adopted to verify its feasibility.
Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus in children
Authors: Çelikel Elif , Ekici Tekin Zahide , Aydın Fatma , Kurt Tuba , Kaplan Melike , Karagöl Cüneyt , Sezer Müge , Tekgöz Nilüfer , Coşkun Serkan , Acar Banu , Çakar Nilgün 
Published: September 2021

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common multisystemic autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies and multiorgan system involvement. The aim of this study was to describe the presenting clinical manifestations, laboratuary findings, clinical course and prognosis of SLE in children.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study patients with SLE, diagnosed before the age of 18 years. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from initial admission to study initiation.
Results: Thirty-five children and adolescents SLE (cSLE) were recorded, 85.7% of female. The median age at disease onset was 12(range 4-17) years, and median follow up duration was 5 (1-14) years. The most common clinical feature was arthritis (65.1%), followed by constitutional symptoms (48.6%), malar rash (31.4%), photosensitivity (5.7%), alopecia (5.7%) and oral ulcers (5.7%). Renal involvement accounted 4/5 of the patients (80%). Hematuria and proteinuria were the most frequent presenting findings (48.5% and 45.7% respectively). Renal biopsy was performed in 27 patients. According to WHO classification: 1 patient had classV nephritis, 10 had class IV, 4 had class III and 12 had class II nephritis. 20% of children developed neurologic symptoms. One patient died during the follow-up period. At the last follow up none of the patients had renal failure but, proteinuria persisted in 4 of them (11.4%). All neurological findings of patients are in remission apart from sequelae.
Conclusion: Clinical outcome was favorable in our patients. Renal involvement is common but progression to end stage kidney disease, at least in the short term, is rare.
Community counseling: an opportunity and challenge (Indonesian and American perspective)
Authors: Astuti Budi 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this article is to explore the opportunity and challenge of implementing community counseling from Indonesian and American perspective. This article used a literature study approach. The literature study was conducted by reviewing books, journals, and research results publications from 2000 to 2017 and previous publications related to community counseling. Data analysis techniques in this study are quantitative data analysis techniques and qualitative data analysis techniques. This article concluded that the possible opportunity that can be applied to meet the challenge faced in achieving the optimization of the implementation of community counseling in Indonesia and America. Community counseling in the Indonesian perspective has the opportunity to be applied in formal and non-formal setting, but the challenge needs to be the provision of professional human resource and system support. Community counseling in the American perspective has the opportunity for rapid development in non-formal setting, but the challenge lies in the complexity of cultural issue and group identity. Keywords: community counseling, opportunity, challenge
Kontrak Sosial menurut Immanuel Kant: Kontekstualisasinya dengan Penegakan HAM di Indonesia
Authors: Pesurnay Althien John 
Published: September 2021

This article addresses the sensitive topic of human rights issues in Indonesia through a Kantian analysis. Cases of human rights violations are a common occurrence in Indonesia. Presently, human rights violations in the country are assessed from historical and legal perspectives. However, there is little commitment or willingness on the part of the Indonesian government to protect and defend the principles of human rights. This article is attempts to utilize arguments from political philosophy that can contextualize the protection and implementation of human rights in Indonesia, through an analysis of the concept of social contract in Immanuel Kant’s political philosophy. According to Kant, freedom and equality are natural rights. This article demonstrates that Kant's social contract theory is linear with his formal moral philosophy. In his explanation, ‘contract’ is unified will. Therefore, the Indonesian state with its power is responsible to implement the will of the public to ensure order and rule of law and to protect the rights and freedom of each individual.
In the footsteps of Einstein and Wiener
Authors: Ashursky Emir 
Published: September 2021

In this interdisciplinary study brought to your attention, a rather bold attempt was made to develop a certain qualitatively improved scientific paradigm that would satisfy all informational, spiritual and material aspects of being. That is, the author quite consciously sets himself an unimaginably, it would seem, difficult task on formalization and unifying most of the existing laws of Nature. And, besides, his arguments are supported also with the help of a number of appropriate equations of theoretical physics as far as possible.
For instance, it is just from such natural-science point of view that a fairly clear rationale is given here for so tangible quantitative superiority of the inert proton mass present in space now over its nuclear "brethren" - neutrons.
Thereby, this article, with its uncompromising sharpness and readiness for general open controversy, noticeably differs from many other thematically similar studies, which makes it relevant exactly in our days, when it’s urgently required to learn, after all, to think in a new way, i.e. creatively and impartial!
Natural Ventilation Strategy in a Social Housing with Sub-humid Warm Climate Based on Thermal Comfort
Authors: Vázquez-Torres Claudia Eréndira , Gómez-Amador Adolfo , Bojórquez-Morales Gonzalo , Beizaee Arash , Elías-López Pablo David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Natural ventilation was analysed in a low-income dwelling to control open or closed windows according to a dynamic simulation process in sub-humid warm climate. A selective algorithm to control natural ventilation was determined in an annual period per hour with the following findings: a) an algorithm to select open or closed windows was determined, b) comfort hours per year were evidenced with open, closed windows and selective algorithm to operate natural ventilation, and c) the schedule and periods of ventilation control were presented. Meteonorm® data were used on an hourly basis in Design Builder® simulations and the Meteorological System data based on 30 years of measurements were used to determine the comfort range. Conclusions: the potential benefits to be obtained by applying this ventilation strategy with a selective algorithm are observed in sub-humid warm climate.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE AS «BIG BROTHER» IN THE NATIONAL POLICY OF I.V. STALIN IN THE BSSR DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR AND DURING THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Федотов А.А. , Терентьев Владимир Владимирович 
Published: September 2021

На основе материалов Государственного архива Российской Федерации и Российского государственного архива социально-политической истории показывается, что концепция русского народа как «старшего брата» имела исключительно большое значение для Советской Беларуси как в годы Великой Отечественной войны, так и в ходе послевоенного восстановления республики. Показываются конкретные меры, предпринимавшиеся Совнаркомом СССР по возрождению освобождённых от нацистской оккупации областей БССР. Автор показывает, как осуществлялась помощь в возрождении республики «снизу» - по инициативе рабочих коллективов городов РСФСР и других союзных республик. Ощущение братского единства, государства как семьи советских народов позволило не только одержать победу над нацизмом, но и в короткие сроки произвести восстановление разрушенных войной народного хозяйства и социальной сферы, благодаря сплочению людей для решения общегосударственных задач.
The article, based on the materials of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, shows that the concept of the Russian people as an «older brother» was extremely important for Soviet Belarus both during the Great Patriotic War and during the post-war reconstruction of the republic. The article shows the specific measures taken by the Soviet People's Commissar of the USSR to revive the regions of the BSSR liberated from the Nazi occupation. It also shows the assistance provided in the revival of the republic «from below» - at the initiative of the working collectives of the cities of Russia and other union republics. The sense of fraternal unity, of the state as a family of the Soviet peoples, made it possible not only to defeat Nazism, but also to restore the national economy and social sphere destroyed by the war in a short time, thanks to the unity of people to solve national problems.
Spotlight influenza: Influenza surveillance before and after the introduction of point-of-care testing in Denmark, season 2014/15 to 2018/19
Authors: Benedetti Guido , Krause Tyra Grove , Schneider Uffe Vest , Lisby Jan Gorm , Voldstedlund Marianne , Bang Didi , Trebbien Ramona , Emborg Hanne-Dorthe 
Published: September 2021

Background
In Denmark, influenza surveillance is ensured by data capturing from existing population-based registers. Since 2017, point-of-care (POC) testing has been implemented outside the regional clinical microbiology departments (CMD).

Aim
We aimed to assess influenza laboratory results in view of the introduction of POC testing.

Methods
We retrospectively observed routine surveillance data on national influenza tests before and after the introduction of POC testing as available in the Danish Microbiological Database. Also, we conducted a questionnaire study among Danish CMD about influenza diagnostics.

Results
Between the seasons 2014/15 and 2018/19, 199,744 influenza tests were performed in Denmark of which 44,161 were positive (22%). After the introduction of POC testing, the overall percentage of positive influenza tests per season did not decrease. The seasonal influenza test incidence was higher in all observed age groups. The number of operating testing platforms placed outside a CMD and with an instrument analytical time ≤ 3 h increased after 2017. Regionally, the number of tests registered as POC in the Danish Microbiological Database and the number of tests performed with an instrument analytical time ≤ 3 h or outside a CMD partially differed. Where comparable (71% of tests), the relative proportion of POC tests out of all tests increased from season 2017/18 to 2018/19. In both seasons, the percentage of positive POC tests resulted slightly lower than for non-POC tests.

Conclusion
POC testing integrated seamlessly into national influenza surveillance. We propose the use of POC results in the routine surveillance of seasonal influenza.
“Abre-se a cortina”
Authors: Evia Graciela , Pignataro Gabriela 
Published: September 2021

Analisar um evento como a Conferência das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente e o Desenvolvimento (CNUMAD), a realizar-se no Rio de Janeiro (1-12 de junho de 1992), sem fazer menção a seus antecedentes, seria esquecer talvez seu aspecto mais relevante.
É importante considerar o que precedeu este evento, já que é uma história com muitos altos e baixos, que vão desde o que se poderia chamar “a história oficial” até a “história não contada”, onde adquire importância especial o papel dos movimentos dos cidadãos...
Archeographic Guide to the History of Philosophy. Research Publications of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the Field of Philosophy. 1944–1961
Authors: Kononenko Taras , Shcherbyna Nataliia , Petlenko Iryna , Borodii Alina 
Published: September 2021

The archeographic guide contains a list of meaningful topics that were considered by scholars in research publications of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the field of philosophy from 1944 to 1961. The guide raises the issue of archeography of the philosophical source and the preconditions of research in the field of history of philosophy. The author’s team of compilers has developed a methodology for reproducing detailed and verified source data of research publications, created a model of presenting the components of the description of the philosophical source and the concluded sequence of such components as the basis of the original historical and philosophical research. The proposed model involves the use of electronic document tools. The guide can be used in the periodical thematic content analysis of the history of philosophy: Hellenistic-Roman, Middle Ages and Renaissance, new (modern) philosophy, Soviet institutional philosophy, modern philosophy. The guide will be helpful for anyone interested in archeography and philosophical source studies.
Scalable culture techniques to generate large numbers of purified human Schwann cells for clinical trials in human spinal cord and peripheral nerve injuries
Authors: Khan Aisha , Diaz Anthony , Brooks Adriana E. , Burks S. Shelby , Athauda Gagani , Wood Patrick , Lee Yee-Shuan , Silvera Risset , Donaldson Maxwell , Pressman Yelena , Anderson Kim D. , Bunge Mary Bartlett , Pearse Damien D. , Dietrich W. Dalton , Guest James D. , Levi Allan D. 
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE
Schwann cells (SCs) have been shown to play an essential role in axon regeneration in both peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) and spinal cord injuries (SCIs). The transplantation of SCs as an adjunctive therapy is currently under investigation in human clinical trials due to their regenerative capacity. Therefore, a reliable method for procuring large quantities of SCs from peripheral nerves is necessary. This paper presents a well-developed, validated, and optimized manufacturing protocol for clinical-grade SCs that are compliant with Current Good Manufacturing Practices (CGMPs).

METHODS
The authors evaluated the SC culture manufacturing data from 18 clinical trial participants who were recruited for autologous SC transplantation due to subacute SCI (n = 7), chronic SCI (n = 8), or PNIs (n = 3). To initiate autologous SC cultures, a mean nerve length of 11.8 ± 3.7 cm was harvested either from the sural nerve alone (n = 17) or with the sciatic nerve (n = 1). The nerves were digested with enzymes and SCs were isolated and further expanded in multiple passages to meet the dose requirements for transplantation.

RESULTS
An average yield of 87.2 ± 89.2 million cells at P2 and 150.9 ± 129.9 million cells at P3 with high viability and purity was produced. Cell counts and rates of expansion increased with each subsequent passage from P0 to P3, with the largest rate of expansion between P2 and P3. Larger harvest nerve lengths correlated significantly with greater yields at P0 and P1 (p < 0.05). In addition, a viability and purity above 90% was sustained throughout all passages in nearly all cell products.

CONCLUSIONS
This study presents reliable CGMP-compliant manufacturing methods for autologous SC products that are suitable for regenerative treatment of patients with SCI, PNI, or other conditions.