bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efek Variasi Suhu Larutan Media Pendingin Terhadap Lapisan Deposit Las Elektroda E7018/HV350 Pada Material Baja Karbon
Authors: Sopiyan Sopiyan , Syaripuddin Syaripuddin , Syaripuddin Syaripuddin , Syamsuir Syamsuir , Syamsuir Syamsuir 
Published: May 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena kekerasan yang terjadi pada deposit hasil pengelasan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan proses pengelasan secara multilapis dengan menggunakan dua elektroda yaitu HV 350 dan E 7018. Setelah selesai pengelasan kemudian spesimen dilakukan perlakukan panas dengan menggunakan dua variasi suhu larutan pendingin yaitu 15°C dan 30°C. Dari hasil uji keras diketahui bahwa suhu 15 °C terbukti menghasilkan kekerasan lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan tanpa perlakuan (NT) maupun perlakuan panas dengan suhu 30°C. Kata kunci: HV 350, E 7018, suhu AbstractThis study aims to determine the phenomenon of hardness that occurs in deposits of welding results. In this research, a multi-layered welding process was carried out using two electrodes, namely HV 350 and E 7018. After the welding was finished, the specimens were treated with heat using two variations of the cooling solution temperature, 15 °C and 30 °C. From the results of hard tests it is known that the temperature of 15 ° C is proven to produce higher hardness when compared with without treatment (NT) or heat treatment with a temperature of 30 ° C. Keywords: HV 350, E 7018, temperature
Perancangan Alat Pirolisis Sampah Plastik Menjadi Bahan Bakar
Authors: Nofendri Yos , Haryanto Agus 
Published: May 2021

Semakin hari kebutuhan bahan bakar semakin meningkat, sedangkan ketersediannya semakin menurun. Permasalahan lainnya yakni membludaknya limbah plastik di lingkungan. Salah satu cara untuk mengolah limbah plastik yaitu dengan mengubahnya menjadi bahan bakar. Pirolisis plastik merupakan salah satu metode sederhana untuk mengubah limbah plastik menjadi bahan bakar. Pada penelitian ini, dirancang reaktor pirolisis tipe batch berkapasitas 1 kg berbahan bakar gas LPG dengan jari-jari 0.15 m dan tinggi 0.3 m serta kondensor dengan panjang total 0,5 m. Sampah plastik yang digunakan adalah sampah plastik HDPE. Pada peneletian ini dapat meningkatkan dan menganalisa temperature, waktu dan minyak yang di hasilkan. Dan minyak yang di hasilkan sesuai kriteria dan bisa digunakan sebagai bahan bakar.
Chronicles of the Doha Wars: The Battle of Nairobi – Appraisal of the Tenth WTO Ministerial
Authors: Kanade Mihir 
Published: May 2021

When Kenya’s President, Uhuru Kenyatta, opened the first ever World Trade Organisation (WTO) Ministerial Conference to be held on African soil, he knew that the Doha Development Agenda (DDA)1 ceremoniously agreed upon in 2001, and of which his country had been an ardent promoter, would be put under the guillotine. So much was made abundantly clear by Michael Froman, the United States of America Trade Representative (USTR), in an op-ed published in the Financial Times just two days prior to the Conference. Froman argued that "Doha was designed in a different era, for a different era, and much has changed since", and that "it is time for the world to free itself of the strictures of Doha’, before concluding presciently that ‘Nairobi will mark the end of an era".
The Conference of 2015 closed with a Ministerial Declaration and the ‘Nairobi Package’ comprising a series of six Ministerial Decisions on agriculture, cotton and issues related to least developed countries (LDCs). WTO’s Director-General, Roberto Azevêdo, concluded with optimism that, similar to two years ago in Bali, the WTO had once again delivered ‘major, multilaterally-negotiated outcomes’ at Nairobi. All these things will be analyzed in the following lines.
Security and devolution in Kenya: Struggles in applying constitutional provisions to local politics
Authors: Burbidge Dominic 
Published: May 2021

The Fourth Schedule of the Constitution of Kenya (2010 Constitution) retains security as a function of National Government. At the same time, the 2010 Constitution creates 47 county governments with considerable autonomy in public service provision. Many county governors have demanded a say in the deployment of security services because of the inequality of security provision throughout Kenya’s history. While the 2010 Constitution is clear, however, in not providing much of a local say in the way security is deployed, it is found that in their day-to-day activities security officials depend on a close relationship with local politicians. This article examines constitutional provisions in the context of the history of security in Kenya and its practical deployment under the new political framework. It is argued that the long-term reasons for the inconsistent and insensitive use of security forces endure in contemporary dilemmas over the relationship between national security provision and local politics. Regardless of what the 2010 Constitution says, successful deployment of security depends on cooperative local political relations. Attempt to establish these links can often lead county governors to overstep their mandates, however, contravening the 2010 Constitution. We are therefore not only witnessing a transformative of the negotiated structure of security's deployment.
Evaluasi Kinerja Terminal Leuwipanjang Kota Bandung
Authors: Fudla Della Vina , Maimunah Siti , Baharuddin Alfan 
Published: May 2021

Bertambahnya jumlah penduduk dan penggunaan kendaraan pribadi pada Kota Bandung mempengaruhi pengoperasian dan kinerja Terminal Leuwipanjang Kota Bandung dengan Tipe A yaitu kelas pada terminal, penilaian pelayanan dan kinerja terminal. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kriteria kelas terminal, perbaikan pelayanan dan mengetahui kinerja yang perlu perbaikan dalam operasional di Terminal Leuwipanjang untuk itu dilakukan penentuan kelas terminal sesuai peraturan dari SK.6251 tahun 2017 tentang pedoman teknik penetapan kriteria kelas terminal, penilaian pelayanan dan kinerja terminal dilakukan analisis metode IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) dengan menggunakan google form dengan jumlah pertanyaan tentang pelayanan sebanyak 46 dengan penilaian kepuasan dan kepentingan yang disebarkan kepada pengguna terminal dimana yang masuk kuadran I dan II yang menjadi prioritas utama untuk perbaikan pelayanan sedangkan pada kuadran III dan IV tidak perlu perbaikan pelayanannya dan penentuan kelas terminal dilakukan penentuan 5 indikator yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi eksisting. Hasil analisis kelas terminal sesuai SK.6251 tahun 2017 maka Terminal Leuwipanjang masuk pada kategori kelas 2, hasil metode IPA yang perlu prioritas utama dalam perbaikan dan pelayanan yang masuk pada kuadran I dan II dan penilaian kinerja berdasarkan PM 132 tahun 2015 tentang penyelengaraan terminal penumpang angkutan jalan.
Martin Luther's Contribution to John Wesley's Doctrine of Justification
Authors: Olson Mark K. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Scholars have repeatedly recognized John Wesley's debt to Martin Luther, but have stated it in generalities. What specifically did Luther contribute to Wesley's doctrine of justification over the course of his career? This article documents Wesley's comments on Luther throughout his corpus, identifies four streams of direct and indirect influence (Luther's writings, German Pietism, German mysticism, and the early English Reformers), and evaluates Luther's contribution to Wesley's doctrine of justification from 1738 to the 1780s. Luther's influence was strongest from 1738 to 1741, but moderated after Wesley split from the Moravians. Through the decades, Wesley continued to recognize his debt to Luther, despite differences concerning imputation and personal holiness.
John Wesley's Empowered Regimen
Authors: Arroyo Joy L. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
John Wesley advocated seeking and maintaining physical and mental health through a disciplined daily regimen. Several scholars have written about this, and some have connected it to entire sanctification. Yet, no one has considered how Wesley envisioned God's empowerment of this regimen. This practical theology article claims that Wesley's vision of God's empowerment provides an important model for addressing clergy health problems. Wesley linked the daily regimen to sanctification because the regimen increases self-control. More specifically, Wesley described a nutritious diet and waking early as self-denial, a general means of grace, and temperance, a fruit of the Spirit. These characterizations suggest that a daily health regimen is a cooperative endeavour between humans and God.
Agricultura familiar: perspectivas de desarrollo rural en el municipio de San Miguel
Authors: Salvador Bonilla Felipe Santiago 
Published: May 2021

El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue analizar las prácticas de agricultura familiar y las condiciones de vida en comunidades La Canoa, San Jacinto, El Volcán y El Brazo, del municipio de San Miguel, El Salvador, considerando la importancia de las actividades agropecuarias para el desarrollo comunitario. Se utilizó un diseño exploratorio sobre un tema desconocido o poco estudiado, por lo que sus resultados constituyen una visión aproximada del fenómeno. El diseño fue explicativo para entender como las prácticas de agricultura familiar mejoran las condiciones de vida en las familias. Los resultados evidenciaron un sistema agropecuario basado en granos básicos, particularmente maíz, que limita la diversidad de la producción. Se definió que existe un índice bajo de asistencia a la producción, de igual, forma un índice bajo en iniciativas de producción agropecuaria. La Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Seguridad Alimentaria (ELCSA) determinó apenas un 8.7% de familias que se encuentran en seguridad alimentaria, un 34.6 % en inseguridad leve, un 22.8 en inseguridad moderada y un 33.9 % en inseguridad severa. El desarrollo rural en las comunidades está asociado a los perfiles de medios de vida, por tanto, un débil sistema agropecuario, caracterizado por un bajo índice de iniciativas agropecuarias, da paso a condiciones de inseguridad alimentaria, deteriorando la calidad de vida de las familias en el área rural del municipio de San Miguel. El desarrollo rural en las comunidades está asociado a los perfiles de medios de vida. Por tanto, un débil sistema agropecuario, caracterizado además por un bajo índice de iniciativas agropecuarias, da paso a condiciones de inseguridad alimentaria, deteriorando la calidad de vida de las familias en el área rural del municipio de San Miguel.
Evaluación integrada a las enfermedades prevalentes de la infancia
Authors: Argueta Álvarez Roxana 
Published: May 2021

El Objetivo de este trabajo consiste en definir las enfermedades más frecuentes en la infancia de los niños y niñas de la Colonia la Presita 1 del municipio de San Miguel, para ello se empleó la metodología de alcance descriptivo y con enfoque cuantitativo, en la que participaron 32 niños entre las edades de 0-9 años. Este trabajo considera los principios éticos elementales destacando el previo consentimiento informado de los padres de cada uno de los niños, respetando el derecho de confidencialidad. Los resultados principales evidencian que, al realizarles la evaluación psicomotriz a través de la escala simplificada (permite la evaluación del desarrollo de las niñas y niños) el total de ellos y ellas se encuentran realizando adecuadamente las actividades que según su edad es pertinente; tres de estos 32 niños y niñas evidenciaron retardo en su crecimiento, acompañado de un proceso de desnutrición. Entre las patologías más frecuentes en esta población sobrellevadas en los últimos años se pueden mencionar enfermedades gastrointestinales y respiratorias. Brindar al niño y la niña oportunidades para un desarrollo adecuado es el legado más importante que se puede ofrecer a la humanidad. Un desarrollo infantil pleno, principalmente durante los primeros años de vida, sentará las bases para la formación de un sujeto con todo su potencial y con posibilidades de desarrollo.
Evaluación del Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales del área de la salud
Authors: Argueta Álvarez Roxana 
Published: May 2021

El síndrome de desgaste profesional (SDP) o Síndrome de Burnout (DB) es un trastorno adaptativo crónico asociado con el inadecuado afrontamiento de las demandas psicológicas del trabajo que altera la calidad de vida de la persona. El síndrome de Burnout es una respuesta psicológica al estrés laboral crónico que compromete tres dimensiones: Agotamiento emocional, Despersonalización y Pérdida de logro o realización personal, todas ellas referidas a la relación entre el individuo y el ámbito laboral. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados del síndrome de Burnout en el personal de la salud que labora en el Hospital Nacional de La Unión. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal con alcance descriptivo y con enfoque cuantitativo, el instrumento utilizado fue Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Principios éticos: previo consentimiento informado de cada uno de los participantes, respetando el derecho de confidencialidad. Resultados: participaron 93 profesionales del área de la salud; adultos jóvenes, donde el 75% de la población eran del sexo femenino. Para la dimensión agotamiento emocional, la prevalencia fue de 66%. Una vez aplicada la Escala de Burnout se encontró que, para los encuestados, el 11% de ellos algunas veces al mes se encontraba emocionalmente agotado en el trabajo; para la dimensión despersonalización, la prevalencia fue de 10%. El 2% de los participantes aseguró que diariamente enfrentaba bien los problemas del paciente y para la dimensión de realización personal, la prevalencia para baja realización personal fue de 24%. El 73% de los encuestados consideraba que comprendía a los pacientes diariamente.
“Prototipo de sistema de riego agrícola autónomo basado en Arduino e internet de las cosas a escala de laboratorio, alimentado por un sistema fotovoltaico”
Authors: Hernández Celestino 
Published: May 2021

La aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías en todos los campos de la sociedad ha incrementado a partir de la década de los años 90´s, y en el sector agrícola ha traído enormes ventajas permitiendo aumentar la calidad y productividad en los cultivos. La poca eficacia y eficiencia de los métodos tradicionales de monitoreo y control empleados en la agricultura generan pérdidas de tiempo y costos para los agricultores. En este artículo se describe el diseño, elaboración e implementación de un sistema de riego empleando hardware y software libre, redes de sensores alámbricos e inalámbricas (WSN), actuadores, dispositivos de comunicación inalámbrica y herramientas TIC´s, con el fin de crear un ambiente donde el Internet de las Cosas (IoT) y la Agricultura de Precisión, ofrezca al usuario un mejor control del riego sobre el cultivo, teniendo en cuenta la evapotranspiración. Nuestro objetivo es crear un sistema de riego que le permite al agricultor recibir una notificación en su móvil, a través de redes de comunicación de datos SMS indicándole la activación del sistema de riego; Además establece el canal de comunicación con el microcontrolador, permitiendo la emisión y recepción de las señales generadas por los sensores del sistema logrando minimizar el trabajo de las personas.
An Adaptive Common Control Channel MAC with Transmission Opportunity in IEEE 802.11ac
Authors: Alsufyani Azhar Abbad , Almotairi Khaled H. 
Published: May 2021

Spectral utilization is a major challenge in wireless ad hoc networks due in part to using limited network resources. For ad hoc networks, the bandwidth is shared among stations that can transmit data at any point in time. It Â is important to maximize the throughput to enhance the network service. In this paper, we propose an adaptive multi-channel access with transmission opportunity protocol for multi-channel ad hoc networks, called AMCA-TXOP. For the purpose of coordination, the proposed protocol uses an adaptive common control channel over which the stations negotiate their channel selection based on the entire available bandwidth and then switch to the negotiated channel. AMCA-TXOP requires a single radio interface so that each station can listen to the control channel, which can overhear all agreements made by the other stations. This allows parallel transmission to multiple stations over various channels, prioritizing data traffic to achieve the quality-of-service requirements. The proposed approach can work with the 802.11ac protocol, which has expanded the bandwidth to 160 MHz by channel bonding. Simulations were conducted to demonstrate the throughput gains that can be achieved using the AMCA-TXOP protocol. Moreover, we compared our protocol with Â the IEEE 802.11ac standard protocols.
Modeling SMEs’ Trust in the Implementation of Industry 4.0 using Kansei Engineering and Artificial Neural Network: Food and Beverage SMEs Context
Authors: Ushada Mirwan , Wijayanto Titis , Trapsilawati Fitri , Okayama Tsuyoshi 
Published: May 2021

Trust is an important aspect for policy makers in recommending the implementation of Industry 4.0 in food and beverage small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). SMEs’ trust in the implementation of Industry 4.0 is defined as the level of belief in applying appropriate technology for Industry 4.0 based on their knowledge, familiarity, agreement and preference. Trust is a complex construct involving several Kansei words, or human mentality parameters. Artificial neural network modeling was utilized to model SMEs’ trust in implementation of Industry 4.0. The research objectives were: 1) to analyze the trust of SMEs in the implementation of Industry 4.0 using Kansei Engineering; 2) to model the trust of SMEs in the implementation of Industry 4.0 using an artificial neural network (ANN). A questionnaire was developed using Kansei words that were generated from adjectives to represent human mentality parameters, which were stimulated by visual samples of Industry 4.0 technology. The questionnaires were distributed among 190 respondents from the three large islands of Indonesia. The data were recapitulated for training, validating and testing the ANN model based on the backpropagation supervised learning method. The output was classification of trust as ‘distrust’, ‘trust’ or ‘overtrust’. The research results indicated that the SMEs’ trust was influenced by education, knowledge, familiarity, benefit, preference ranking and verbal components.
On Moho Determination by the Vening Meinesz-Moritz Technique
Authors: Erik Sjöberg Lars , Abrehdary Majid 
Published: May 2021

This chapter describes a theory and application of satellite gravity and altimetry data for determining Moho constituents (i.e. Moho depth and density contrast) with support from a seismic Moho model in a least-squares adjustment. It presents and applies the Vening Meinesz-Moritz gravimetric-isostatic model in recovering the global Moho features. Internal and external uncertainty estimates are also determined. Special emphasis is devoted to presenting methods for eliminating the so-called non-isostatic effects, i.e. the gravimetric signals from the Earth both below the crust and from partly unknown density variations in the crust and effects due to delayed Glacial Isostatic Adjustment as well as for capturing Moho features not related with isostatic balance. The global means of the computed Moho depths and density contrasts are 23.8±0.05 km and 340.5 ± 0.37 kg/m3, respectively. The two Moho features vary between 7.6 and 70.3 km as well as between 21.0 and 650.0 kg/m3. Validation checks were performed for our modeled crustal depths using a recently published seismic model, yielding an RMS difference of 4 km.
Effect of Surface Variations on Resistive Switching
Authors: Das Mangal , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: May 2021

In this chapter, we study factors that dominate the interfacial resistive switching (RS) in memristive devices. We have also given the basic understanding of different type of RS devices which are predominantly interfacial in nature. In case of resistive random access memory (RRAM), the effect of surface properties on the bulk cannot be neglected as thickness of the film is generally below 100 nm. Surface properties are effected by redox reactions, interfacial layer formation, and presence of tunneling barrier. Surface morphology affects the band structure in the vicinity of interface, which in turn effects the movements of charge carriers. The effect of grain boundaries (GBs) and grain surfaces (GSs) on RS have also been discussed. The concentration of vacancies (Ov)/traps/defects is comparatively higher at GBs which leads to leakage current flow through the GBs predominantly. Such huge presence of charge carriers causes current flow through grain boundaries.
The Most Meridional Border in Europe. Demographic and Environmental Changes
Authors: Manuel Naranjo Gómez José , Garrido Velarde Jacinto , Martín Gallardo José , Manuel Jurado Almonte José , Mora Aliseda Julian , Cabezas Fernández José 
Published: May 2021

Between 38°50′30”N/7° 04’35 W and 37°10′13”N/7°23′38”W has located the southernmost border of Europe, which stands apart from Portugal and Spain, which separates part of Portugal and Spain, making it one of the furthest from the central European area. A feature of this Spanish-Portuguese border stretch is that it is closely linked to the Guadiana River, one of the major waterways that cross the Iberian Peninsula from east to west. In 1998, the Albufeira Convention was signed, promoting Iberian cooperation at a scientific and technical level to strengthen the links of communication and collaboration at the technical level - the challenge of shared management of the waters and international basins that affect both countries. The Convention presented challenges and objectives on which the competent administrations have been working since then. Another peculiarity of this territory, except in a few situations, is its low population density. Therefore, knowing the demographic and environmental changes of the municipalities bordering the ‘Raya’ (common name as the border is known in these areas) constitutes valuable information that leads to the territorial management of these peripheral areas.
Research and Development for Improved Cassava Varieties in Ghana: Farmers’ Adoption and Effects on Livelihoods
Authors: Pinamang Acheampong Patricia , Owusu Danquah Eric , Agyeman Kennedy , Obeng Dankwa Kwame , Addison Monica 
Published: May 2021

The importance of Cassava in the food systems of Ghanaians cannot be underestimated. As a main staple crop, Cassava contributes about 22% and 30% to the Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP) and daily calories intake respectively. Per capita consumption of 152 kg makes it the highest among all food crops. Due to Cassava’s importance, there have been lots of attention paid to it by the Government and Donor agencies towards its improvement. This has yielded substantial results in terms of the development of cassava varieties and good agronomic practices. This chapter reviewed cassava technologies development in Ghana, adoption of these technologies by smallholder farmers, and livelihood implications. Results generated showed that Research and Development since 1993 has developed, released, and disseminated 25 new cassava varieties to smallholder farmers. Average cassava yields have increased from about 14 t/ha in 2009 to 21 t/ha in 2018. Partial budget analysis showed that smallholder farmers’ profitability has increased over the years from GH₵644.32 (about US$ 111) in 2009 to GH₵5243.27 (about US$ 904) in 2018. Again, the crop is gradually gaining attention as an industrial crop for flour, starch, and alcohol production, a drive that would further improve on returns to farmers. It is a food security crop because it is robust, produces more per unit area, and versatile for multiple usages in household foods and derivatives. It is recommended that continuous policy consideration on cassava in national agricultural agenda setting is essential.