bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low CCL19 Expression is Associated With Adverse Clinical Outcomes For Follicular Lymphoma Patients Treated With Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Zhou Yu , Wang Shasha , Tao Yunxia , Chen Haizhu , Qin Yan , He Xiaohui , Zhou Shengyu , Liu Peng , Yang Jianliang , Yang Sheng , Gui Lin , Lou Ning , Zhang Zhishang , Yao Jiarui , Han Xiaohong , Shi Yuankai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to recognize the hub genes associated with prognosis in follicular lymphoma (FL) treated with first-line rituximab combined with chemotherapy.Method: RNA sequencing data of dataset GSE65135 (n=24) were included in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied for exploring the coexpression network and identifying hub genes. Validation of hub genes expression and prognosis were applied in dataset GSE119214 (n=137) and independent patient cohort from Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (n=32), respectively, by analyzing RNAseq expression data and serum protein concentration quantified by ELISA. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichments analysis were performed. CIBERSORT was applied for tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) subset analysis. Results: A total of 3260 DEGs were obtained, with 1861 genes upregulated and 1399 genes downregulated. Using WGCNA, eight hub genes, PLA2G2D, MMP9, PTGDS, CCL19, NFIB, YAP1, RGL1, and TIMP3 were identified. Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate COX regression analysis indicated that CCL19 independently associated with overall survival (OS) for FL patients treated with rituximab and chemotherapy (HR = 0.47, 95%CI [0.25-0.86], p = 0.014). Higher serum CCL19 concentration was associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS, p=0.014) and OS (p=0.039). TIICs subset analysis showed that CCL19 expression had a positive correlation with monocytes and macrophages M1, and a negative correlation with naïve B cells and plasma cells. Conclusion: CCL19 expression was associated with survival outcomes and might be a potential prognostic biomarker for FL treated with first-line chemoimmunotherapy.
Alternative Migratory Strategies Related to Life History Differences in the Walleye (Sander Vitreus)
Authors: McKee Graydon , Hornsby Rachael , Fischer Friedrich , Dunlop Erin S. , Mackereth Robert , Pratt Thomas C. , Rennie Michael 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWhile Pace of Life Syndrome predicts behavioural differences between individuals with differential growth and survival, testing these predictions in nature is challenging due to difficulties with measuring individual behaviour in the field. However, recent advances in acoustic telemetry technology have facilitated measurements of individual behaviour at scales not previously possible in aquatic ecosystems. MethodsUsing a Walleye (Sander vitreus) population inhabiting Black Bay, Lake Superior, we examine whether life history characteristics differ between more and less mobile individuals as predicted by Pace of Life Syndrome. We tracked the movement of 192 individuals from 2016-2019 using an acoustic telemetry study, relating patterns in annual migratory behaviour to individual growth, and seasonal changes in optimal thermal-optical habitat. ResultsWe observed two consistent movement patterns in our study population — migratory individuals left Black Bay during late summer to early fall before returning to the bay, whereas residents remained within the bay year-round. The average maximum length of migrant Walleye was 5.5 cm longer than residents, and the sex ratios of Walleye caught during fall surveys was increasingly female-biased towards the mouth of Black Bay, suggesting that a majority of migrants were females. Further, Walleye occupancy outside of Black Bay was positively associated with increasing thermal-optical habitat. ConclusionsWalleye in Black Bay appear to conform to Pace of Life Syndrome, with more exploratory (migrant) individuals gaining increased fitness through increased maximum size, which, given size-dependent fecundity in this species, likely results in greater reproductive success (via greater egg deposition vs. non-migrants). Further, apparent environmental (thermal) controls on migration suggest that migratory Walleye (more so than residents) may be more sensitive to changing environmental conditions (e.g., warming climate) than residents.
Co-Occurrence of Ochratoxin a and Aflatoxins in Maize (Zea Mays) and Their Associated Health Risk Estimations in Some Selected Regions (Different Agro-ecological Zones) of Ghana
Authors: Kortei Nii Korley , Annan Theophilus , Kyei-Baffour Vincent , Essuman Edward Ken , Okyere Harry , Tettey Clement Okraku 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aimed at estimating ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxin (AF) levels above international (European Food Safety Authority, EFSA) and local (Ghana Standards Authority, GSA) standards as well as the health risks associated with the consumption of maize (n=180) sampled from six (6) regions (Upper East, Northern, Ashanti, Eastern, Central, and Western) representing the agro-ecological zones of Ghana. Ochratoxins, total aflatoxins (AFTotal), and the integral aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) were measured with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with a Fluorescence detector. Risk assessments were also conducted using models prescribed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Additives (JECFA). The general trend of occurrence of the aflatoxins was in decreasing order of AFB1> AFB2> AFG1>AFG2 and were in the ranges of 0-337µg/kg, 0-101.00µg/kg, 0-24.80 µg/kg, and 0-5.51 µg/kg respectively. The aggregated aflatoxins (AFTotal) were in the range of 0-441.02 µg/kg. While ochratoxins (OTA) levels ranged between 0-97.51 µg/kg. There were significant (p<0.05) differences observed in all categories of the tested samples. Out of the 180 samples analyzed for total aflatoxins (AFTotal), 131/180 tested positive and 127 (70.50%) exceeded the limits of EFSA and ranged 4.27-441.02 µg/kg. While for GSA, 116 (64.44%) of samples exceeded this limit and ranged between 10.18-441.02µg/kg. For OTA, 103/180 tested positive and 94(52.22%) of samples between the range 4.00-97.51 µg/kg exceeded the tolerable limit of the EFSA, whereas 89 (49.44%) and were in the range of 3.30-97.51 µg/kg exceeded the limits of GSA. Risk assessment values for total aflatoxins (AFTotal) ranged between 50-1150 ng/Kg.BW/day, 0.4-6.67, 0-0.0323 ng aflatoxins kg−1bwday−1 and 1.62-37.15 for Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Margin of Exposure (MOE), Average Potency, and Cancer Risks respectively. Likewise, ochratoxin (OTA) values were in the ranges of 8.6x10-3-450 ng/Kg.bw/day, 0.05-2059.97, 0-0.0323 ng ochratoxins kg−1bwday−1 and 2.78x10-4-14.54. It was deduced that the consumption of maize posed adverse health effects on all age categories of people from some of the locations studied because all calculated MOE values were less than 10,000 respectively for aflatoxins and ochratoxins.
Effects of surgical treatment on 24465 patients with intestinal perforation complicated with septic shock in tertiary hospitals in China from 2017 to 2020: a systematic review
Authors: Wang Lu , Ma Xudong , He Huaiwu , Su Longxiang , Guo Yanhong , Shan Guangliang , Wang Ye , Zhou Xiang , Liu Dawei , Long Yun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Intestinal perforation often leads to abdominal infection and is one of the main causes of septic shock. Prompt surgical treatment is an important treatment for this disease. We designed this study to investigate the effects of surgical treatment on patients with intestinal perforation complicated with septic shock in China.
Methods

Tertiary hospitals were enrolled from the China National Critical Care Quality Control Center (China-NCCQC). The data were collected between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2020. Intestinal perforation includes duodenal perforation, jejunal perforation, ileal perforation, colonic perforation, and rectal perforation. Sepsis 3.0 criteria were used for the diagnosis of septic shock. According to the above criteria, 26747 patients from 247915897 patients were selected. After excluding the missing data of gender, age and discharge mode, 24465 patients were remained.
Results

Patients with intestinal perforation complicated with septic shock in tertiary hospitals in China are more male and older patients. A significant proportion of patients were hospitalized for more than one month. The hospitalization cost per capita of these patients far exceeds the overall hospitalization cost per capita. In the operative group, the hospitalization days were longer. The operative group spent more. However, the incidence of complications was lower in the operative group. Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) tended to be treated nonoperatively, and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) tended to be treated surgically. 20% of the patients discharged against medical advice, 12% of the patients died. The operative group had a higher rate discharging with medical advice and a lower mortality rate.
Conclusions

For intestinal perforation complicated with septic shock in tertiary hospitals in China, patients who had surgery stayed longer and cost more. However, the incidence of complications was lower in the patients who had surgery. At the same time, the rate of discharging with medical advice was higher and the mortality rate was lower in the patients who had surgery.
Ecological Niche Modeling of the Main Forest-Forming Species in the Caucasus
Authors: Pshegusov R. , Tembotova F. , Chadaeva V. , Sablirova Y. , Mollaeva M. , Akhomgotov A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Ecological niche modeling of the main forest-forming species within the same geographic range contributes significantly to understanding the coexistence of species and the regularities of formation of their current spatial distribution. The main abiotic and biotic environmental variables, as well as species dispersal capability, affecting the spatial distribution of the main forest-forming species in the Caucasus, have not been sufficiently studied.Methods: We conducted studies within the physiographic boundaries of the Caucasus, including Russian Federation, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. Our studies focused on ecological niche modeling of pure fir, spruce, pine, beech, hornbeam, and birch forests through species distribution modeling and the concept of the BAM (Biotic-Abiotic-Movement) diagram. We selected 648 geographic records of pure forests occurrence. ENVIREM and SoilGrids databases, statistical tools in R, Maxent were used to assess the influence of abiotic, biotic, and movement factors on the spatial distribution of the forest-forming species.Results: Geographic expression of fundamental ecological niches of the main forest-forming species depended mainly on topographic conditions and water regime. Competitor influence reduced the potential ranges of the studied species by 1.2–1.7 times to the geographic expression of their realized ecological niches. Movement factor significantly limited the areas suitable for pure forests (by 1.2–1.8 times compared with geographic expression of realized ecological niches), except for birch forests.Conclusion: Distribution maps, modeled by abiotic, biotic variables and movement factor, were the closest to the real distribution of the forest-forming species in the Caucasus. Biotic and movement factors should be considered in modeling studies of forest ecosystems if models are to have biological meaning and reality.
Prevalence of Sleep Problems in Infancy and Developmental Outcomes From 6 to 24 Months
Authors: Valla Lisbeth , Wentzel-Larsen Tore , Slinning Kari 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The study objectives were to assess the prevalence of sleep problems in infants observed at 6, 12 and 24 months, to investigate the relationship between infants’ sleep problems and development from 6 to 24 months, and to determine to what extent sleep problems at 6 months were related to changes in the developmental course from 12 to 24 months.Methods: Infant sleep problems were measured by use of a parent-reported sleep questionnaire. The Ages & Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-II/ASQ:SE) were used to measure developmental skills in the areas of communication, motor, problem-solving, personal-social and social-emotional development in a large longitudinal study with a population-based sample of 1,555 infants. The sample was recruited from nine well-baby clinics in five municipalities in South-Eastern Norway. At 6, 12 and 24 months, ASQ domain scores were compared between infants with and without sleep problems by using two-sample t-tests. The relationship between infant sleep problems at 6 months and changes in ASQ/ASQ:SE scores from 12 to 24 months was investigated using linear mixed effects models.Results: The prevalence of infant sleep problems during the infants’ two first years of life decreased over time, with 14.6% at 6 months, 7.4% at 12 months, and 3.3% at 24 months. There was no clear evidence of differences in ASQ or ASQ:SE scores by sleep problems from 6 to 24 months, but the results suggested a slightly larger increase in communication and problem-solving ASQ scores for infants who had sleep problems at 6 months. Conclusion: Our findings indicate prevalence rates of parent-reported sleep problems between 3 and 14% in infants aged from 6 to 24 months, with the highest prevalence in the youngest age group. There was no clear evidence of early sleep disturbance and later development problems, but our results show evidence of a relationship between sleep problems at 6 months and positive changes in communication and problem-solving scores from 12 to 24 months.
Cortisol and Testosterone Induce Bax and Bcl-2 Gene Expression and Caspases-8 and -9 Activity in Colon Cancer Cells (ht29) and Reduced the Cell Viability
Authors: Sarkhosh Amin , Ahmadi Rahim , Khatami Seyyed Hossein , Ghasemi Hadi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cortisol and testosterone can inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Cortisol may augment the anti-cancer activity of testosterone in colorectal cancer cells. This research aimed to assess the impact of cortisol and testosterone on the viability of colon cancer cells (HTCs). The cytotoxic effects of cortisol and testosterone were evaluated using the MTT assay. Bax and Bcl-2 expression levels were determined using real-time PCR. The colorimetric method was used to assess the activity of caspase-8 and -9 enzymes. The expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 genes significantly increased (p<0.001), as well as the activity levels of caspase-8 and -9, were elevated (p<0.001). Testosterone may exert cytotoxic activity in colon cancer cells in the presence of cortisol, and cortisol and testosterone cotreatment may contribute to the elevated Bax and Bcl-2 genes expression and caspase 8 and 9 activity enhancement in colorectal cancer cells.
Biomaterial-based Nonvolatile Photonic Memristor
Authors: Chang Yu-Chi , Jian Jia-Cheng , Hsu Ya-lan , Chang Sheng-Po , Chang Shoou-Jinn 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A photonic memristor is a component used in photonic and neuromorphic computing that can complete the high-speed programming of nonvolatile data through light illumination`. To date, photonic memristors have been fabricated using several methods. Applied principles include the photovoltaic (PV) effect-mediated Schottky barrier, PV effect-induced formation/annihilation of conductive filaments, photogating effect and photoinduced chemical reaction/conformation change5. However, currently proposed solutions are half sets only (i.e. either light writing or light erasing only), photoinduced electrical programming or photovoltaically modulated6-9. Moreover, these devices frequently require the use of special materials or complex device structures and circuitries5. Here, we used a mixture of apple pectin (AP) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) as the resistive switching layer and fabricated a simple metal/insulator/metal sandwich structure. The surface defects between the interface of AP and NiO NPs can capture ultraviolet-excited electrons and convert the resistance state into low-resistance state (LRS). By expelling the electrons in the traps through green light, LRS can be transformed back into high-resistance state. The memory can be programmed purely through light and is compatible with electrical operation. This discovery provides a reliable method for fabricating photonic memristors that can be adopted in photonic and neuromorphic computing applications.
The risk factors of rupture and abortion of tubal pregnancy——a retrospective study based on 2280 tubal pregnancy cases
Authors: Tang Panpan , Li Xiaomao , Li Wenwei , Zhang Yu , Yang Yuebo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
【Objective】The morbidity of ectopic pregnancy is about 1%~2%, and it accounts for about 10% of maternal death. Tubal rupture and tubal abortion can both lead to massive hemorrhage, but their risk factors are lack of study. Through studying the ectopic cases at the third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, the study aims to analyze the risk factors of tubal rupture and tubal abortion. 【Methods】To collect the ectopic pregnancy cases undergoing surgeries from the year 2011 to the year 2019 retrospectively, divide them into ruptured group, aborted group, and unruptured and unaborted group. T-test, Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test and Pearson’s chi-square, and Fisher’s exact test were applied for univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors of tubal rupture and tubal abortion (variables with a P value < 0.1 by univariate analysis were entered into the multivariate analysis). 【Results】Abdominal pain(OR:3.101, 95%CI:1.812–5.306, P < 0.001), cervical lifting pain(OR:2.942, 95%CI:2.046–4.231, P < 0.001), the mass diameter ≥ 4cm(OR:2.874, 95%CI:2.095–3.941, P < 0.001), HCG ≥ 5000U/L(OR:2.588, 95%CI:1.900-3.526, P < 0.001), adnexal tenderness(OR:1.893, 95%CI:1.296–2.764, P = 0.001), age ≥ 35(OR:1.781, 95%CI:1.232–2.573, P = 0.002), aspirating blood during culdocentesis(OR:1.497, 95%CI:1.081–2.074, P = 0.015) are the risk factors of tubal rupture, while vaginal bleeding(OR:0.271, 95%CI:0.196–0.375, P < 0.001) is the protective factor of tubal rupture. HCG < 2000U/L (OR:3.554, 95%CI:2.401–5.260, P < 0.001) and mass diameter ≥ 4cm (OR:2.732, 95%CI:1.900-3.929, P < 0.001) are the risk factors of tubal abortion. 【Conclusions】When facing an ectopic pregnancy patient considering pelvic bleeding happens, if HCG ≥ 5000U/L, it’s more likely to be tubal rupture, if HCG < 2000U/L, it’s more likely to be tubal abortion.
Removal of Mechanical Ventilation During Veno-Venous ECMO May Improve Outcome of Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Li Lu-Lu , Song Cong-Ying , Shao Mei , Shang An-Dong , Meng Lin-Lin , Lu Yuan-Qiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: As a life-saving therapy for patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF)Mechanical ventilation has catalyzed the development of modern emergency medicine and intensive care units.Another way to support respiratory or cardiac functions is extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Based on previous studies, the increased pre-ECMO time of mechanical ventilation is a significant independent predictor of the poorer outcome . Removal or maintaining of mechanical ventilation during ECMO is still debatable. Methods: We analyzed the clinical data of 23 patients veno-venous ECMO therapy with acute respiratory failure due to adult community-acquired pneumonia.They were divided into two groups: group A (removed of mechanical ventilation, n=10) and group B ( maintaining of mechanical ventilation,n=13).Demographic data, including gender, age, smoking habits were collected. General characteristics and Clinical characteristics of patients were also recorded, in order to discuss whether the retention or removal of trachea cannula and continued mechanical ventilation during ECMO can affect patients’ prognosis. Results: After analysis, patients in the Group B were older than the Group A (61.0 y [54.5-67.5] vs 39.0 y [24.0-61.8], P=0.021). The median APACHE Ⅱ score of 23 patients before ECMO therapy was 25.0 (IQR, 21.0-28.0), and the Group A had a lower initial APACHE Ⅱ score than the Group B (21.5 [20.8-24.3] vs 28.0 [24.0-29.0], P=0.005)(Table 1).The group A with a survival rate of 80% , and the group B presenting a survival rate of 23.1%.The difference in the survival rate between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.012).No differences in other items were found between the two groups.Conclusions: The final results showed that the removing of mechanical ventilation during ECMO can improve the survival rate and prognosis in patients with ARF.
Genetic Variants in circRNA Biogenesis-Related Genes Contribute to the Susceptibility and Treatment Outcome of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Zhang Ru , Liu Xiaodan , Cai Mansi , Yang Xu , Liu Xiaoping , Guo Haixia , Huang Ke , Luo Ailing , Yang LiHua , Xu Ling 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in childhood. Recently circRNAs were proved associated with malignant hematopoietic differentiation process. However, evidence regarding single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of circRNA biogenesis key regulator genes and the risk of ALL is still fairly elusive. Methods: To evaluate the novel circRNA biogenesis associated genes SNPs susceptible to ALL, we carried out a case-control study genotyping 6 SNPs in 782 cases of ALL and 1077 controls. Following that, stratiﬁed analysis and prognosis analysis were performed. In addition, we detected the gene expression levels of the ALL associated genetic variants. Results: After adjustment for multiple testing, we found two genetic variants, QKI (rs715020 A > G) and ILF3 (rs3810156 C > G), exhibited a signiﬁcant association with increased susceptibility to ALL. The associations were further validated by stratified analyses. Moreover, rs715020 A > G indeed affected the expression level of QKI, which showed higher mRNA levels. Of note, the polymorphisms QKI rs715020 was identified as a predictor of chemotherapy outcome.Conclusions: Our results suggested that circRNA biogenesis-related genes were associated with the ALL risk and highlight plausible interplay between genetic variants in ALL treatment.