bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vehicle classification applying many‐to‐one input network architecture in 77‐GHz FMCW radar
Authors: Jiang Haodong , Zhang Li , Wang Ke , Guo Yaozu , Yan Feng , Ji Xiaoli 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we proposed a Many‐to‐One Input Network Architecture (MOINA) for the classification of similar structured vehicles (bus, truck and car). The inputs of the architecture are the multiple‐masked region‐of‐interest of the same detected vehicle from Range‐Doppler maps, which are acquired by FMCW radar. The proposed method is trained with a supervised system yielding a classification accuracy of 98%. MOINA shows good classification performance in a practical situation. Besides, the F1‐score of buses, trucks and cars are 98.7%, 98.0% and 97.6%, respectively.
Hereditäre Nierentumore – einfach abgeklärt mit ToSCaNA
Authors: Fuhrmann Christian , Czerner Christoph P. , Ripperger Tim , Imkamp Florian 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In den letzten Jahren konnten große Fortschritte in der
Diagnose und Differenzierung verschiedenster hereditärer Syndrome mit Prädisposition für
Nierentumore erzielt werden.Aktuelle Lehrmeinung ist, dass 5–8% aller Nierentumore auf einer hereditären Prädisposition beruhen. Diese Zahl wird in der Realität wahrscheinlich deutlich höher liegen, da die genetischen Komponenten vieler Nierentumore noch nicht abschließend erforscht und verstanden sind.Hereditäre Nierentumore zeigen in der Regel zwei charakteristische Eigenschaften:Während das durchschnittliche Diagnosealter sporadischer Nierenzellkarzinome bei 64 Jahren liegt, sind Patienten mit hereditärer Tumorgenese bei Diagnosestellung durchschnittlich 20 Jahre jünger. Weiterhin treten diese Tumore oft multilokulär bzw. bilateral auf.Hieraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit eines speziellen Managements mit erweiterter Beratung bei diesen jungen Nierentumorpatienten.In der Literatur sind diverse Artikel über hereditäre Syndrome mit Nierenbeteiligung publiziert, die jedoch zumeist den Focus auf die einzelnen Syndrome legen.Ziel dieses Artikels ist es dem behandelnden Urologen eine kompakte Übersicht mit einem praktischen Diagnostikleitfaden zu den häufigsten hereditären Syndromen mit Nierenbeteiligung an die Hand zu geben und so die Primärdiagnostik und -behandlung dieser Patienten und ihrer Familien zu optimieren.
Material und Methoden Wir führten hierzu eine Literaturrecherche zu
den 5 wichtigsten hereditären Syndromen mit Nierenbeteiligung durch und fassten die Ergebnisse
in einer übersichtlichen Tabelle zusammen.Darüber hinaus erstellten wir das Akronym ToSCaNA, welches die wichtigsten extrarenalen Manifestationen dieser Syndrome zusammenfasst.Hieraus erarbeiteten wir einen Workflow eines sinnvollen Behandlungspfades.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt handelt es sich bei hereditären Nierentumoren um
eine seltene Entität, die in high-volume Zentren eine relevante Größe darstellen
können.Denjenigen, die selten mit diesen Tumoren zu tun haben, bietet sowohl das Akronym als auch der Flowchart eine einfache Hilfestellung im klinischen Alltag.Eine möglichst frühe Identifikation und Diagnostik der Betroffenen und ihrer Angehörigen ermöglicht es, die Patienten frühzeitig der richtigen Therapie und Früherkennung zuzuführen und evtl. ebenfalls betroffene Angehörige zu identifizieren/therapieren.
Schlussfolgerung Ein früher Krankheitsbeginn sowie ein
bilaterales/multifokales Auftreten von Nierentumoren im klinischen Alltag sollten dringend an
eine hereditäre Genese denken lassen.Dieser Anfangsverdacht kann dann mittels des Akkronyms ToSCaNA erhärtet und schließlich über den vorgeschlagenen Workflow weiter abgeklärt werden.
Diagnostic Role of Systemic Inflammatory Indices in Infants with Moderate-to-Severe Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Ceran Burak , Alyamaç Dizdar Evrim , Beşer Esra , Karaçağlar Nazmiye Bengü , Sarı Fatma Nur 
Published: October 2021

Background When the newborn brain is exposed to hypoxia, as in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), it causes an inflammatory response. A wide variety of inflammatory markers are therefore used in the diagnosis of HIE.
Objective We aimed to determine the diagnostic role of systemic inflammatory indices in infants with moderate-to-severe HIE. We have also investigated the effect of hypothermia treatment over those indices.
Study Design A retrospective cohort study of infants suffering from moderate-to-severe HIE was conducted in a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit between September 2019 and March 2021. Systemic inflammatory indices including systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated for infants with HIE and controls at baseline, and after therapeutic hypothermia in those with HIE.
Results A total of 103 infants (53 in the HIE group and 50 in the control group) were included in the study. Median gestational ages (GA) were 39 (37–40) and 38 (37–39) weeks, and median birth weights (BW) were 3,165 (2,890–3,440) and 3,045 (2,850–3,460) g in the HIE and control groups, respectively. GA, BW, mode of delivery, and gender of infants were similar between the groups. Infants in the HIE group had significantly higher NLR (p = 0.001), SII (p = 0.001), PIV (p = 0.001), and SIRI (p = 0.004) values when compared with the control group. Those indices decreased significantly after hypothermia treatment in the HIE group. Areas under curve for NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, SIRI, and PIV to predict HIE were found to be 0.808, 0.597, 0.653, 0.763, 0.686, and 0.663, respectively. Cutoff values having a good ability to predict HIE for SII and NLR were 410 and 1.12. Elevated NLR level above 1.12 was found to be an independent predictor for HIE, as revealed by multivariate analyses. No associations were found between systemic inflammatory indices and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) patterns, presence of seizures, and death.
Conclusion Systemic inflammatory indices may represent reliable and readily available predictors of HIE risk. NLR seems to be an independent factor in diagnosing moderate-to-severe HIE.
Key Points
The Rate of Intrapartum Cesarean Delivery Based on Estimated Fetal Weight in Comparison to Previous Child's Birth Weight
Authors: Kawakita Tetsuya , Sridhar Shobha , Mokhtari Neggin , Landy Helain J. 
Published: October 2021

Objective The aim of the study is to examine whether an estimated fetal weight of the current pregnancy greater than previous birth weight is associated with increased odds of intrapartum cesarean delivery.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all women who had more than one singleton pregnancy at 23 weeks' gestation or greater at a single labor and delivery unit. We only analyzed the second pregnancy in the dataset. We excluded women who had preterm birth in the second pregnancy. Women were categorized according to the difference between estimated fetal weight and previous birth weight—estimated fetal weight close to previous birth weight within 500 g (similar weight group); estimated fetal weight significantly (more than 500 g) greater than previous birth weight (larger weight group); and estimated fetal weight significantly (more than 500 g) lower than previous birth weight (smaller weight group). The primary outcome was intrapartum cesarean delivery. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence interval (95% confidence interval [CI]) after adjusting for predefined covariates.
Results Of 1,887 women, there were 1,415 (75%) in the similar weight group, 384 (20%) in the greater weight group, and 88 (5%) in the smaller weight group. Individuals in the larger weight group compared with those in the similar weight group had higher odds of undergoing intrapartum cesarean delivery (11.2 vs. 4.5%; aOR 2.91; 95% CI 1.91–4.45). The odds of intrapartum cesarean delivery in the smaller weight group compared with those in the similar weight group were not increased (3.4 vs. 4.5%; crude OR 0.75; 95%CI 0.23–2.42).
Conclusion The difference between current estimated fetal weight and previous birth weight plays an important role in assessing the risk of intrapartum cesarean delivery.
Key Points
Synthesis of C,N,N-Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes with Anionic Amide Ligands
Authors: Sawamura Masaya , Shimizu Yohei , Niizeki Ryotaro , Higashida Kosuke , Mejri Emna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA series of neutral C,N,N Au(III) complexes were synthesized with N-(8-quinolinyl)benzamide derivatives or chiral N-[2-(1,3-oxazolin-2-yl)phenyl]benzamide derivatives. The convenient synthesis method for the amide ligands, together with their operationally simple complexation by direct C–H auration, permitted changes to both the steric and electronic properties of Au(III) complexes for promoting the catalytic three-component couplings of an aldehyde, an amine, and an alkyne.
Breastfeeding Associated with Lower Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Gestational Diabetes in the Very Early Postpartum Period
Authors: Blair Rachel A. , Neves João Sérgio , Nicklas Jacinda M. , Horn Christine E. , Skurnik Geraldine , Seely Ellen W. 
Published: October 2021

Objective The aim of this study is to examine the association of breastfeeding with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the very early postpartum (PP) period.
Study Design We performed a secondary analysis of the Balance After Baby Intervention (BABI) study which enrolled women with recent GDM. Data collected during an early (~8 weeks) PP visit were used in this analysis. At this visit, weight, height, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and lipids were obtained. MetS was classified per National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Program III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. We defined breastfeeding as currently breastfeeding or not currently breastfeeding for the main analysis.
Results Of 181 women enrolled in BABI, 178 were included in this analysis (3 excluded for missing lipids). Thirty-four percent were Hispanic. Of non-Hispanics, 31.5% were White, 18.5% Asian, and 12.9% Black/African American. The prevalence of MetS was 42.9% in women not breastfeeding versus 17.1% in women breastfeeding (p < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.16 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06–0.41]). Breastfeeding women had significantly lower odds of FPG ≥100 mg/dL (aOR = 0.36 [95% CI: 0.14–0.95], p = 0.039), HDL < 50 mg/dL (aOR = 0.19 [95% CI: 0.08–0.46], p < 0.001), and triglycerides (TG) ≥ 150 mg/dL (aOR = 0.26 [95% CI: 0.10–0.66], p = 0.005). When evaluated as continuous variables, WC, FPG, and TG were significantly lower and HDL significantly higher in women breastfeeding in the very early PP period (vs. not breastfeeding).
Conclusion In a diverse population of women with recent GDM, there was lower prevalence of MetS in women breastfeeding compared with those not breastfeeding in the very early PP period. This study extends the findings of an association of breastfeeding with MetS previously reported at time points more remote from pregnancy to the very early PP period and to an ethnically and racially diverse population.
Key Points
Arcuate Uterus as an Independent Risk Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Connolly Courtney T. , Hill Melissa B. , Klahr Rebecca A. , Zafman Kelly B. , Rebarber Andrei , Fox Nathan S. 
Published: October 2021

Objective The aim of the study is to estimate the association between arcuate uterus and pregnancy outcomes using controls selected from a similarly high-risk cohort.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of women with an arcuate uterus cared for by a single maternal–fetal medicine practice from 2005 to 2020. We included all women with a singleton pregnancy ≥20 weeks and diagnosis of arcuate uterus and randomly selected (3:1) patients with a singleton pregnancy and no uterine anomaly from the same practice as controls. Baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and independent samples t-test were used for data analysis, as indicated.
Results A total of 37 women with an arcuate uterus (55 independent singleton pregnancies) and 165 controls were included. There were no differences in baseline characteristics. Women with an arcuate uterus had a significantly higher rate of spontaneous preterm birth less than 37 weeks (10.9 vs. 3.0%, p = 0.031) and were more likely to require vaginal progesterone (5.5 vs. 0.6%, p = 0.049) and administration of antenatal corticosteroids (16.4 vs. 5.5%, p = 0.020). Arcuate uterus was also associated with lower birthweight (3,028.1 ± 528.0 vs. 3257.2 ± 579.9 g, p = 0.010) and higher incidence of intrauterine fetal growth restriction (20.0 vs. 7.3%, p = 0.008), despite similar starting body mass index (BMI) and weight gain throughout pregnancy. There were no differences in preeclampsia, malpresentation, cesarean delivery, blood transfusion, retained placenta, or morbidly adherent placenta.
Conclusion Arcuate uterus is associated with a significantly increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth (<37 weeks), need for vaginal progesterone for short cervix and antenatal corticosteroids, fetal growth restriction, and lower mean birthweight. These findings suggest that arcuate uterus is not just a normal variant of uterine anatomy but rather a risk factor for poor fetal growth, short cervix, and a higher risk pregnancy.
Key Points
Fetal Tachycardia in the Setting of Maternal Intrapartum Fever and Perinatal Morbidity
Authors: Tita Alan T. N. , McGee Paula L. , Reddy Uma M. , Bloom Steven L. , Varner Michael W. , Ramin Susan M. , Caritis Steve N. , Peaceman Alan M. , Sorokin Yoram , Sciscione Anthony , Carpenter Marshall W. , Mercer Brian M. , Thorp John M. , Malone Fergal D. , Buhimschi Catalin ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network
Published: October 2021

Objective The fetal consequences of intrapartum fetal tachycardia with maternal fever or clinical chorioamnionitis are not well studied. We evaluated the association between perinatal morbidity and fetal tachycardia in the setting of intrapartum fever.
Study Design Secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized control trial that enrolled 5,341 healthy laboring nulliparous women ≥36 weeks' gestation. Women with intrapartum fever ≥ 38.0°C (including those meeting criteria for clinical chorioamnionitis) after randomization were included in this analysis. Isolated fetal tachycardia was defined as fetal heart rate (FHR) ≥160 beats per minute for at least 10 minutes in the absence of other FHR abnormalities. FHR abnormalities other than tachycardia were excluded from the analysis. The primary outcome was a perinatal composite (5-minute Apgar's score ≤3, intubation, chest compressions, or mortality). Secondary outcomes included low arterial cord pH (pH < 7.20), base deficit ≥12, and cesarean delivery.
Results A total of 986 (18.5%) of women in the trial developed intrapartum fever, and 728 (13.7%) met criteria to be analyzed; of these, 728 women 336 (46.2%) had maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) reviewer-defined fetal tachycardia, and 349 of the 550 (63.5%) women during the final hour of labor had validated software (PeriCALM) defined fetal tachycardia. After adjusting for confounders, isolated fetal tachycardia was not associated with a significant difference in the composite perinatal outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.15 [0.82–12.03]) compared with absence of tachycardia. Fetal tachycardia was associated with higher odds of arterial cord pH <7.2, aOR = 1.48 (1.01–2.17) and of infants with a base deficit ≥ 12, aOR = 2.42 (1.02–5.77), but no significant difference in the odds of cesarean delivery, aOR = 1.33 (0.97–1.82).
Conclusion Fetal tachycardia in the setting of intrapartum fever or chorioamnionitis is associated with significantly increased fetal acidemia defined as a pH <7.2 and base excess ≥12 but not with a composite perinatal morbidity.
Key Points
Evaluation of Meniscal Load and Load Distribution in the Canine Stifle after Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy with Postoperative Tibia Plateau Angles of 6 and 1 Degrees
Authors: Schmutterer Johannes Maximilian , Augat Peter , Greinwald Markus , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjective The aim of the study was to investigate the kinetic and kinematic changes in the stifle after a tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) with a postoperative tibia plateau angle (TPA) of either 6 or 1 degrees.Study Design Biomechanical ex vivo study using seven unpaired canine cadaver hindlimbs from adult Retrievers.Hinge plates were applied and a sham TPLO surgery was performed. Motion sensors were fixed to the tibia and the femur for kinematic data acquisition. Pressure mapping sensors were placed between femur and both menisci. Thirty per cent bodyweight was applied to the limbs with the stifle in 135 degrees of extension. Each knee was tested with intact cranial cruciate ligament (CCL), deficient CCL, 6 degrees TPLO and 1degree TPLO.Results Transection of the CCL altered kinematics and kinetics. However, comparing the intact with both TPLO set-ups, no changes in kinematics were detected. After 1 degree TPLO, a significant reduction in the force acting on both menisci was detected (p = 0.006).Conclusion Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy restores stifle kinematics and meniscal kinetics after transection of the CCL ex vivo. The contact force on both menisci is reduced significantly after TPLO with a TPA of 1 degree. Increased stifle flexion might lead to caudal tibial motion.
Ethane and methane at high pressures: Structure and stability
Authors: Stavrou Elissaios , Maryewski Alexander A. , Lobanov Sergey S. , Oganov Artem R. , Konôpková Zuzana , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Goncharov Alexander F. 
Published: October 2021

We have performed a combined experimental and theoretical study of ethane and methane at high pressures of up to 120 GPa at 300 K using x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopies and the USPEX ab initio evolutionary structural search algorithm, respectively. For ethane, we have determined the crystallization point, for room temperature, at 2.7 GPa and also the low pressure crystal structure (phase A). This crystal structure is orientationally disordered (plastic phase) and deviates from the known crystal structures for ethane at low temperatures. Moreover, a pressure induced phase transition has been identified, for the first time, at 13.6 GPa to a monoclinic phase B, the structure of which is solved based on good agreement with the experimental results and theoretical predictions. For methane, our x-ray diffraction measurements are in agreement with the previously reported high-pressure structures and equation of state (EOS). We have determined the EOSs of ethane and methane, which provides a solid basis for the discussion of their relative stability at high pressures.
Eccentricity forcing of East Asian monsoonal systems over the past 3 million years
Authors: Liu Chengying , Nie Junsheng , Li Zaijun , Qiao Qingqing , Abell Jordan T. , Wang Fei , Xiao Wenjiao 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Desert regions were not always dry, and in the geological past, they experienced periods of wetter and drier conditions. Understanding these wet–dry cycles in arid regions is an important scientific endeavor that could provide information related to their future variations. Environmental variability of deserts in monsoonal regions are controlled by monsoon-derived precipitation. Here, we show that the Tengger Desert of northern China experienced drying every 400 thousand years, corresponding to the Earth orbital eccentricity minimum, forced by variations in the East Asian monsoon. This finding requires a revision of the traditional view of Northern Hemisphere ice sheet forcing of the East Asian monsoon based on Chinese Loess Plateau records.
COVID-19-Related Policy Changes for Methadone Take-Home Dosing: A Multistate Survey of Opioid Treatment Program Leadership
Authors: Levander Ximena A. , Pytell Jarratt D. , Stoller Kenneth B. , Korthuis P. Todd , Chander Geetanjali 
Published: October 2021

Background: In the United States, methadone for treatment of opioid use disorder is dispensed via highly-regulated accredited opioid treatment programs (OTP). During the COVID-19 pandemic, federal regulations were loosened, allowing for greater use of take-home methadone doses. We sought to understand how OTP leaders responded to these policy changes. Methods: We distributed a multistate electronic survey from September to November 2020 of OTP leadership to members of the American Association for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence (AATOD) who self-identified as leaders of OTPs. We asked study participants about how their OTP(s) implemented COVID-19-related policy changes into their clinical practice focusing on provision of take-home methadone doses, factors used to determine patient stability, and potential concerns about increased take-home doses. We used Chi-square test to compare survey responses between characterizations of the OTPs. Results: Of 170 survey respondents (17% response rate), the majority represented leadership of for-profit OTPs (69%) and were in a Southern state (54%). Routine allowances and practices related to take-home methadone doses varied across OTPs during the COVID-19 pandemic: 80 (47%) reported 14 days for newly enrolled patients (within past 90 days), 89 (52%) reported 14 days for “less stable” patients, and 112 (66%) reported 28 days for “stable” patients. Conclusions: We found that not all eligible OTP leaders adopted the practice of routinely allowing newly enrolled, “less stable,” and “stable” patients on methadone to have increased take-home doses up to the limit allowed by federal regulations during COVID-19. The pandemic provides an opportunity to critically re-evaluate long-established methadone and OTP regulations in preparation for future emergencies.
Electron trajectory backanalysis for spectral profile in two-color terahertz generation
Authors: Zhang Yizhu , Zhang Kaixuan , Yan Tian-Min , Jiang Yuhai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The gas-phase medium ionized by two-color femtosecond field produces supercontinuum radiation ranging from the terahertz to midinfrared band. Under the strong-field approximation, the electron trajectory backanalysis is exploited to interpret the spectral profile of terahertz radiation. Meanwhile, the electron trajectory method can correlate terahertz spectral profiles and photoelectron momentum distributions (PEMDs). The coherent superposition of electron trajectories released from the consecutive cycles is found to induce the high-frequency cutoff and sharpen the spectral bandwidth of supercontinuum radiation, tightly coinciding with the intercycle interference fringes in PEMDs. The trajectory analysis exhibits that single electron interference plays an important role in the terahertz generation process. Our method provides an intuitive interpretation in terms of electron trajectory perspective and sheds light on the microscopic mechanisms of terahertz generation.
139 GHz UV phase-locked Raman laser system for thermometry and sideband cooling of 9Be+ ions in a Penning trap
Authors: Mielke J , Pick J , Coenders J A , Meiners T , Niemann M , Cornejo J M , Ulmer S , Ospelkaus C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate the phase locking of two ultraviolet (UV) laser sources by modulating a fundamental infrared (IR) laser with fourth-order sidebands using an electro-optic modulator and the phase locking of one sideband to a second fundamental IR laser. Subsequent sum frequency generation and second harmonic generation successfully translates the frequency offset to the UV domain. The phase lock at 139 GHz is confirmed through stimulated Raman transitions for the thermometry of 9Be+ ions confined in a cryogenic Penning trap. This technique might be used for the sideband cooling of single 9Be+ ions as well as sympathetic cooling schemes and quantum-logic-based measurements in Penning traps in the future.