bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Analysis of Neuroligin 4Y Gene in Autism Population of India
Authors: Hegde Rajat , Hegde Smita , Kulkarni Suyamindra S. , Pandurangi Aditya , Gai Pramod B. , Das Kusal K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Autism is one of the most complex, heterogeneous neurological disorders. It is characterized mainly by abnormal communication, impaired social interaction, and restricted behaviors. Prevalence of autism is not clear in Indian population.
Aim The present study hypothesized that Y chromosome plays role in sex bias of autism in Indian autistic population. To investigate our hypothesis, we underwent genetic analysis of neuroligin 4Y [NLGN4Y] gene by sequencing 85 male autistic children after screening large population of 1,870 mentally ill children from North Karnataka region of India.
Result Detailed sequencing of the single targeted gene revealed nine variants including, one novel missense mutation and eight synonymous variants; this accounts for 88.9% of synonymous variants. A single novel missense mutation is predicted to be nonpathogenic on the functions of neuroligin4Y protein but it slightly affects the local configuration by altering the original structure of a protein by changing charge and size of amino acid.
Conclusion Probably NLGN4Y gene may not be the risk factor for autism in male children in Indian autistic population. Functional analysis was an important limitation of our study. Therefore, detailed functional analysis is necessary to determine the exact role of novel missense mutation of neuroligin 4Y [NLGN4Y] gene especially in the male predominance of autism in Indian autistic population.
Nonadiabatic dynamics with spin-flip vs linear-response time-dependent density functional theory: A case study for the protonated Schiff base C5H6NH2+
Authors: Zhang Xing , Herbert John M. 
Published: September 2021

Nonadiabatic trajectory surface hopping simulations are reported for trans-C5H6NH2+, a model of the rhodopsin chromophore, using the augmented fewest-switches algorithm. Electronic structure calculations were performed using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) in both its conventional linear-response (LR) and its spin-flip (SF) formulations. In the SF-TDDFT case, spin contamination in the low-lying singlet states is removed by projecting out the lowest triplet component during iterative solution of the TDDFT eigenvalue problem. The results show that SF-TDDFT qualitatively describes the photoisomerization of trans-C5H6NH2+, with favorable comparison to previous studies using multireference electronic structure methods. In contrast, conventional LR-TDDFT affords qualitatively different photodynamics due to an incorrect excited-state potential surface near the Franck–Condon region. In addition, the photochemistry (involving pre-twisting of the central double bond) appears to be different for SF- and LR-TDDFT, which may be a consequence of different conical intersection topographies afforded by these two methods. The present results contrast with previous surface-hopping studies suggesting that the LR-TDDFT method’s incorrect topology around S1/S0 conical intersections is immaterial to the photodynamics.
Fully quantum calculations of O2–N2 scattering using a new potential energy surface: Collisional perturbations of the oxygen 118 GHz fine structure line
Authors: Gancewski Maciej , Jóźwiak Hubert , Quintas-Sánchez Ernesto , Dawes Richard , Thibault Franck , Wcisło Piotr 
Published: September 2021

A proper description of the collisional perturbation of the shapes of molecular resonances is important for remote spectroscopic studies of the terrestrial atmosphere. Of particular relevance are the collisions between the O2 and N2 molecules—the two most abundant atmospheric species. In this work, we report a new highly accurate O2(X3Σg−)–N2(X1Σg+) potential energy surface and use it for performing the first quantum scattering calculations addressing line shapes for this system. We use it to model the shape of the 118 GHz fine structure line in O2 perturbed by collisions with N2 molecules, a benchmark system for testing our methodology in the case of an active molecule in a spin triplet state. The calculated collisional broadening of the line agrees well with the available experimental data over a wide temperature range relevant for the terrestrial atmosphere. This work constitutes a step toward populating the spectroscopic databases with ab initio line shape parameters for atmospherically relevant systems.
Climate risk to European fisheries and coastal communities
Authors: Payne Mark R. , Kudahl Manja , Engelhard Georg H. , Peck Myron A. , Pinnegar John K. 
Published: September 2021

Significance
We present climate risk analyses for 1) 105 ocean-dependent communities and 2) 380 fishing fleets in Europe. Our unique approach provides a perspective over the climate risks in this diverse and populous continent that is unprecedented in both its breadth and detail. We show that countries in southeast Europe as well as the United Kingdom have the highest climate risk overall, both in terms of fishing fleets and coastal communities. Substantial variation in climate risk is seen even within countries, emphasizing that climate adaptation interventions need to be tailored to the specific characteristics of the fleet or community. A focus on sustainable fisheries management and diversification of fish portfolios can reduce climate risks across the board.
Cognitive maps of social features enable flexible inference in social networks
Authors: Son Jae-Young , Bhandari Apoorva , FeldmanHall Oriel 
Published: September 2021

Significance
How do people learn the large, complex web of social relations around them? We test how people use information about social features (such as being part of the same club or sharing hobbies) to fill in gaps in their knowledge of friendships and to make inferences about unobserved friendships in the social network. We find the ability to infer friendships depends on a simple but inflexible heuristic that infers friendship when two people share the same features, and a more complex but flexible cognitive map that encodes relationships between features rather than between people. Our results reveal that cognitive maps play a powerful role in shaping how people represent and reason about relationships in a social network.
The missing enzymatic link in syntrophic methane formation from fatty acids
Authors: Agne Michael , Estelmann Sebastian , Seelmann Carola S. , Kung Johannes , Wilkens Dennis , Koch Hans-Georg , van der Does Chris , Albers Sonja V. , von Ballmoos Christoph , Simon Jörg , Boll Matthias 
Published: September 2021

SignificanceThe syntrophic interaction of fermenting bacteria with methanogenic archaea is crucial for the globally relevant conversion of biomass into methane. Fifty years after the discovery of syntrophy, it has remained enigmatic how the oxidation of saturated fatty acid fermentation intermediates can be coupled to the thermodynamically extremely unfavorable reduction of CO2to methane and how such a process can sustain growth of both syntrophic partners. Here, we provide biochemical evidence that hemebcofactors of a membrane-bound oxidoreductase and a modified quinone with perfectly fine-tuned redox potentials are the key players in this microbial process. Bioinformatics analyses suggest that the oxidoreductase plays a crucial role in lipid catabolism of the majority of prokaryotes.
Out-group gestures can lower self-esteem
Authors: Nicoladis Elena , Luk Trevor , Gill Shireen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Culture-specific symbols can prime aspects of identity, like self-esteem, in bilingual-bicultural individuals. The purpose
of the present studies was to test whether gestures that are specific to a culture prime self-esteem and, if so, whether it is due to
in-group/out-group association. In Study 1, Chinese Canadians had higher self-esteem scores when primed by Chinese number gestures or
characters than by English number gestures or words. In Study 2, we taught Chinese number gestures to non-Chinese adults, with half thinking
they were Chinese gestures (out-group) and half that they were old fur traders’ gestures (in-group). The self-esteem scores were higher in
the in-group condition than the out-group condition. Comparisons with self-esteem scores from previous studies suggest that the out-group
conditions were significantly lower than baseline. These results suggest that out-group gesture primes can lower self-esteem.
Silence gestures revisited
Authors: Beck Nielsen Søren 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper revives an interest in a gestural phenomenon: silence gestures, that is, cases where speakers suspend talk and produce a gesture in momentary silence. Earlier research noted this phenomenon, but largely left interactional details unaddressed. Consequently, we have known of the phenomenon for a long time, but known very little about how interactants use it. This study applies conversation analysis to elucidate silence gestures as they appear during naturally occurring Danish interaction. Two classes are considered: i) silence gestures that occur during word search processes and ii) ‘no-problem’ silence gestures. Analysis of the first class offers more nuances to previous assumptions about its affiliation with process difficulties and turn-taking dynamics. Analysis of the second class disconfirms the belief that silence gestures foremost relate to speech difficulties. It reveals that speakers actively postpone or suspend speech production to achieve a turn-intra pauses, which enables them to momentarily foreground the gestural act.
The diachronic origin of English I mean and
German ich meine
Authors: Kolbe-Hanna Daniela , Filatkina Natalia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The pragmatic markers ich meine
in German and I mean in English are similar, though
not equivalent, in the main aspects of their meaning and function.
Both have also been widely studied, yet research on German
ich meine has focused on modern data and
functions. From a diachronic perspective, we investigate whether the
matrix clause function, as claimed in the literature for spoken
modern German, is a likely origin of the pragmatic marker or
whether, as in English, a derivation from I mean
followed by a phrasal complement seems more likely. Furthermore, we
assess how well the origins of the pragmatic functions of I
mean can be sufficiently described as
constructionalization rather than grammaticalization and what role
the left periphery plays in this constructionalization process.
Pragmatic markers at the periphery and discourse
prominence
Authors: Lewis Diana M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This chapter argues that position interacts with
discourse prominence in the development of pragmatic markers. A case
study of the English marker of course traces its
historical development over Late Modern English to its present-day
usage at both left (LP) and right (RP) peripheries. It is argued
that of course splits along informational lines:
of course-1 becomes more backgrounded while
of course-2 bears focus. At LP of
course-1 acquires a presentational function while at RP
it marks its host as a comment on a previous idea, in a hypotactic
discourse structure. The emergence of information-packaging
functions may be seen as a further grammaticalization of the PM.
The Norwegian tag da in comparison to English
then
Authors: Borthen Kaja , Karagjosova Elena 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Norwegian tag da and the
English tag then have most likely developed from a
common historical origin through the process of semantic bleaching
and they have many overlapping functions today. This has led some
researchers to claim that the two expressions have one and the same
procedural semantics. Based on authentic corpus data on
da and a translation study, we argue that the
tags da and then cannot have the
same meaning. We propose a semantic and pragmatic analysis of the
Norwegian tag da that predicts its many functions
and we explain how da differs from the English tag
then.
The demand for IPEandpublic policy in the governance of global policy design
Authors: Higgott Richard , Woo J J , Legrand Tim 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThe first decade of the 21st century recognised the growing salience of transnational or global governance as an analytical field of inquiry and as a normative project. In this introductory article, we argue that IPE offers a wider and deeper contextual understanding of the ‘global’ in a way that the scholarship of international relations, on the one hand, and that of international economics, on the other, have not done. IPE has been less strong in the context of global policy analysis that faut de mieux and, rather strangely, has been left largely to the economics discipline as other disciplines have slowly ceded the policy playing field to economics – at times with disastrous outcomes for policy. In light of these strengths and weaknesses of IPE as a framework for policy analysis, greater efforts at triangulating the insights of IPE and global public policy may help provide richer and more nuanced analyses of policy and politics.
Continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring is a dominant source of predictive signal in machine learning for risk stratification and clinical decision support
*
Authors: Monfredi Oliver , Keim-Malpass Jessica , Moorman J Randall 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Beaulieu-Jones and coworkers propose a litmus test for the field of predictive analytics—performance improvements must be demonstrated to be the result of non-clinician-initiated data, otherwise, there should be caution in assuming that predictive models could improve clinical decision-making (Beaulieu-Jones et al 2021). They demonstrate substantial prognostic information in unsorted physician orders made before the first midnight of hospital admission, and we are persuaded that it is fair to ask—if the physician thought of it first, what exactly is machine learning for in-patient risk stratification learning about? While we want predictive analytics to represent the leading indicators of a patient’s illness, does it instead merely reflect the lagging indicators of clinicians’ actions? We propose that continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring—‘routine telemetry data,’ in Beaulieu-Jones’ terms—represents the most valuable non-clinician-initiated predictive signal present in patient data, and the value added to patient care justifies the efforts and expense required. Here, we present a clinical and a physiological point of view to support our contention.
Isomeric ratio of the 181Ta(γ, 3n)178m,gTa reaction products at energy E

γmax up to 95 MeV
Authors: Deiev O.S. , Timchenko I.S. , Olejnik S.N. , Kushnir V.A. , Mytrochenko V.V. , Perezhogin S.A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The photoneutron reaction

was investigated with the beam from the NSC KIPT electron linear accelerator LUE-40. The measurements were performed using the residual γ-activity method. The bremsstrahlung flux-averaged cross-sections

,

,

and the isomeric ratio of the reaction products

were measured. The theoretical values of the averaged cross-sections and isomeric ratio were calculated using the partial cross-sections from the TALYS1.95 code for different level density models

1-6. The obtained experimental

agree with the data in the literature, but differ from the theoretical values in absolute magnitude and the behavior of the energy dependence. A comparison of the determined averaged cross-sections with the calculated cross-sections showed the best agreement for the case of the

5 model.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance facilitates entirely contrast-free transcatheter aortic valve implantation: case report
Authors: Raby Jonathan , Newton James D , Dawkins Sam , Lewis Andrew J M 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is usually planned using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) to determine the suitability of cardiovascular anatomy. Computed tomography for TAVI planning requires the administration of intravenous contrast, which may not be desirable in patients with severely reduced renal function.

Case summary
We present an unusual case of an 89-year-old patient with an urgent need for treatment of critical, symptomatic aortic stenosis who also had severe chronic kidney disease. We judged that this posed a relative contraindication to the use of intravenous contrast. We designed and implemented a novel, contrast-free cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol and used this to plan all aspects of the procedure. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation was conducted successfully with zero contrast medium administration leading to an excellent clinical result and recovery of renal function.

Conclusion
Contrast-free CMR appears to be a viable alternative to CT for planning structural aortic valve intervention in the rare cases where intravenous contrast is relatively contraindicated.
Molecular Alterations in Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas That Led to Death
Authors: Ahrendsen Jared T , Sinai Claire , Meredith David M , Malinowski Seth W , Cooney Tabitha M , Bandopadhayay Pratiti , Ligon Keith L , Alexandrescu Sanda 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Pediatric low-grade gliomas (PLGGs) have excellent long-term survival, but death can occasionally occur. We reviewed all PLGG-related deaths between 1975 and 2019 at our institution: 48 patients were identified; clinical data and histology were reviewed; targeted exome sequencing was performed on available material. The median age at diagnosis was 5.2 years (0.4–23.4 years), at death was 13.0 years (1.9–43.2 years), and the overall survival was 7.2 years (0.0–33.3 years). Tumors were located throughout CNS, but predominantly in the diencephalon. Diagnoses included low-grade glioma, not otherwise specified (n = 25), pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 15), diffuse astrocytoma (n = 3), ganglioglioma (n = 3), and pilomyxoid astrocytoma (n = 2). Recurrence occurred in 42/48 cases, whereas progression occurred in 10. The cause of death was direct tumor involvement in 31/48 cases. Recurrent drivers included KIAA1549-BRAF (n = 13), BRAF(V600E) (n = 3), NF1 mutation (n = 3), EGFR mutation (n = 3), and FGFR1-TACC1 fusion (n = 2). Single cases were identified with IDH1(R132H), FGFR1(K656E), FGFR1 ITD, FGFR3 gain, PDGFRA amplification, and mismatch repair alteration. CDKN2A/B, CDKN2C, and PTEN loss was recurrent. Patients who received only chemotherapy had worse survival compared with patients who received radiation and chemotherapy. This study demonstrates that PLGG that led to death have diverse molecular characteristics. Location and co-occurring molecular alterations with malignant potential can predict poor outcomes.
Rats and the COVID-19 pandemic: considering the influence of social distancing on a global commensal pest
Authors: Parsons Michael H , Richardson Jonathan L , Kiyokawa Yasushi , Stryjek Rafal , Corrigan Robert M , Deutsch Michael A , Ootaki Masato , Tanikawa Tsutomu , Parsons Faith E , Munshi-South Jason 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Rats contaminate foods and spread pathogens. Thus, changes in rat populations have consequences for society, especially in densely-populated cities. Following widespread social distancing and lockdown measures to curtail SARS-CoV-2, worldwide media outlets reported increased sightings of rats. To document possible changes in rat populations, we: (i) examined public service requests in the 6 years before, and during, ‘lockdown’ in New York City; (ii) used spatial analyses to identify calls in proximity to food service establishments (FSE); and (iii) surveyed pest-management companies. Over 6 years prior to the pandemic, we found a consistent moderate spatial association (r = 0.35) between FSE and rat-related calls. During the early stages of the pandemic, the association between rat reports and food services did not decrease as would be expected by restaurant closures, but instead modestly increased (r = 0.45). There was a 29.5% decrease in rat reports, overall. However, hotspot analysis showed that new reports were highly localized, yet absent in several industrial areas they were previously observed in, potentially masking a higher proportion of calls in neighborhoods near closed restaurants. Additionally, 37% of pest management companies surveyed reported that, unlike previous years, 50–100% of requests were from new clients and addresses. The finding that hotspots remained nearby dense clusters of restaurants does not support the common narrative that rats moved long distances. Rather, our results are consistent with rats finding nearby alternative food resources. Tracking these dynamics as the COVID-19 pandemic abates will be an important step to identifying how rats respond to society returning to normal activity patterns.
Using Mid-Fidelity Simulation and Peer Teaching to Educate First-Semester Nursing Students to Accurately Complete a Shift Assessment and Properly Communicate Findings
Authors: Roberts Sterling , Goldsberry Jennifer , Raatz JoAnne 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Inadequate hand-off communication between nurses has been identified as a primary contributing factor leading to medical errors. The purpose of this innovative study was to assess first-semester nursing students’ ability to accurately complete a shift assessment and properly communicate findings. Graduate assistants evaluated students’ ability to accurately complete a shift assessment, report assessment findings, and identify at least one abnormal finding. The data related to student learning satisfaction and self-confidence were collected from participants during their shift assessment check-off.
Monoclonal Antibodies Casirivimab and Imdevimab in Pregnancy for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Mayer Christopher , VanHise Katherine , Caskey Rachel , Naqvi Mariam , Burwick Richard M. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND:
For unvaccinated individuals with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), monoclonal antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) decrease the risk of severe disease and hospitalization. We describe the use of the monoclonal antibodies casirivimab and imdevimab for COVID-19 in pregnancy.

CASE:
Two unvaccinated pregnant individuals presented with moderate COVID-19, one in the second trimester and one in third trimester; both met criteria for outpatient management. To decrease the risk for severe disease, they were treated with casirivimab and imdevimab. Neither experienced an adverse drug reaction, and neither progressed to severe disease.

CONCLUSION:
Monoclonal antibodies such as casirivimab and imdevimab, approved under an emergency use authorization, should be considered in unvaccinated pregnant individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 to decrease the risk of severe disease.