bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Disease-Modifying Drugs against Skin Fibrosis of Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Nishiguchi Mana , Yamamoto Yuki , Jinnin Masatoshi 
Published: April 2021

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) or scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder characterized by tissue fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The etiology of the skin fibrosis is thought to be thickened dermis due to uncontrolled excessive deposition of various extracellular matrix, mainly type I collagen.Systemic treatments with anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic immunosuppressive properties, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, are usually considered for skin sclerosis of patients with SSc. However, their approach must be initiated at the early stage, before the fibrosis is completed, and the effects of the corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are known to be reduced in the late stages of the sclerosis. Furthermore, various significant adverse effects of these treatments must be considered.This paper discusses the present day understanding of therapeutic options using disease-modifying drugs against skin sclerosis of SSc patients and the possible mechanisms.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) Activation as Therapeutic Targets in Skin Inflammation
Authors: Aioi Akihiro 
Published: April 2021

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are fatty acid activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor family. They are initially known as transcriptional regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism, although further evidence has also been accumulated for other functions. Due to the nature of all PPAR isotypes which are expressed and exert effects by regulating the functions of cell types residing and infiltrating in the skin, PPARs represent a major research target for the understanding and treatment of many skin diseases. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. Skin barrier disturbance is one of the exacerbation factors of AD, due to facile penetration of molecules such as antigens. From the aspect of immune dysregulation, innate and acquired immunity including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cytokine network are involved in the pathogenesis. In this review, the role of PPAR in AD and the possibility of its agonist for the treatment of AD are discussed.
Radiographic Determination of the Canine Elbow Joint Angle in Collimated Views
Authors: Sofia Alves-Pimenta , Bruno Colaço , Mário Ginja 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The mediolateral flexed, extended, or neutral elbow radiographic views are commonly used in clinical practice. However, there is currently no standardized methodology to accurately measure the elbow joint angle in mediolateral images that include only the elbow joint and surrounding tissues. The main aim of this work is to compare elbow joint angles obtained from mediolateral radiographs that include the complete arm and forearm of the dog, with angles measured in radiographs including only the elbow. Ninety mediolateral views of elbow joints were obtained from 50 canine thoracic limbs, with 39 joints <90º, 30 ≥90 - ≤120º and 21 >120º. Radiographs were centered on the elbow joint and include the shoulder and carpal joints. For each complete forelimb radiographic image, the elbow angle was measured using the methodology described in previous studies. Then, the digital images were cut to obtain only the joint and surrounding tissues, establishing a new set of anatomical landmarks to measure the joint angles: the lateral humeral epicondyle was used as an angular point, with the linking points being the nutritional orifice of the radius at the antebrachial interosseous space and the intersection point of the lateral supracondylar crest with the cranial humeral endosteum. There was a good agreement observed between the two elbow angle measurement methodologies. The intraclass correlation coefficient was statistically significant, with the lower limits of the 95% confidence interval (CI) at >0.75, and with zero being included in the standard error of the mean 95% confidence interval in the Bland-Altman test. This elbow angle measurement methodology based on anatomic landmarks next to the elbow joint is accurate and may be used for clinical and research purposes.
Comparative Evaluation of the Cytological, Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Findings of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Masses
Authors: Ipek Volkan , Cangul I. Taci , Akkoc Ahmet 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, we compared the cytological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical diagnoses of 71 canine cutaneous and subcutaneous masses. Cytological diagnoses included 56 tumors (21 mesenchymal, 15 epithelial, 16 round cell, four melanocytic), 13 inflammatory reactions, and two cysts. Of the 21 cytologically diagnosed mesenchymal tumors, three were later confirmed non-tumoral (hematoma, granulation tissue, fibroepithelial polyp). Thirteen out of 15 epithelial tumors were correctly diagnosed cytologically, whereas two cases were confirmed to be non-tumoral (fibroepithelial polyp, granulation tissue) after histopathological examination. One mast cell tumor was later confirmed as fibrous hyperplasia; diagnoses were correct in other round cell tumors. Cytological diagnoses were correct for all melanocytic tumors and cystic lesions. Five cases which had been cytologically diagnosed as inflammatory reactions were diagnosed as tumors (lymphoma, papilloma, sebaceous adenoma, and squamous cell carcinoma) after histopathological examination. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the histopathological diagnoses of all epithelial and round cell tumors, while the diagnoses of six mesenchymal tumors were changed after the immunohistochemical examination. The total accuracy of cytology in the diagnosis of tumoral/non-tumoral masses was 84.5%, and the accuracy in the determination of benign/malignant behavior was 83%. Diagnostic accordance between histopathology and immunohistochemistry was 86.6%. High success rates obtained with cytological diagnoses prove that cytology is a reliable diagnostic tool. The main diagnostic challenge remains with mesenchymal tumors and tumors accompanied by inflammatory reactions. The results suggest that immunohistochemistry is fundamental for diagnoses of most mesenchymal tumors.
Functionality evaluation of co-processed excipients as diluents in tablets manufactured by wet granulation
Authors: Eshovo Apeji Y. , Muhammad IY. , Kehinde Olowosulu A. , Owoicho Okpanachi G. , Rukayat Oyi A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Diluents are essential components of a tablet formulation. The type of diluent used in a formulation influences the quality of tablets produced from that formulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tableting properties of co-processed excipients (C-PEs) incorporated as diluents in tablet formulation by wet granulation. Metronidazole tablets were prepared by wet granulation incorporating different diluents that were either single component excipients (SCEs) (lactose and microcrystalline cellulose) or C-PEs (Ludipress®, StarLac®, Prosolv® and AVICEL®HFE). The granules obtained for each formulation were evaluated for particle size analysis, flow properties and compression properties. Tablets weighing 500 mg were compressed from the metronidazole granules on a Single Station Tablet Press using a 12 mm punch and die tooling system. The tablets were kept for 24 h post-production, and the properties of weight uniformity, thickness, tensile strength, friability, disintegration time and dissolution profile evaluated subsequently. Results of granule properties showed that variations in parameters evaluated was as a result of differences in the type and composition of diluent used in formulation. Compactibility and tabletability profile of metronidazole granules revealed a better performance with granules processed with C-PE based diluents compared to SCE-based diluents. Tablets formulated with C-PEs as diluents were uniform in tablet weight, disintegrated faster and yielded a faster drug release compared to tablet formulations containing SCEs as diluent. This study reveals the performance advantage of C-PEs as diluents in tablets manufactured by wet granulation and highlights the importance of rational selection of excipients during tablet formulation.
Evaluation of the Influence of the Supply Pressure on Functional Parameters of the Impulse Low-Pressure Gas-Phase Injector
Authors: Szpica Dariusz , Borawski Andrzej , Mieczkowski Grzegorz , Kusznier Michał , Awad Mohamed M. , Sadik Adel M. , Sallah Mohammed 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article presents research results referring to the influence of supply pressure on the functional parameters of the impulse low-pressure gas-phase injector. The study was done on the original stand for flow test of gas-phase injectors. In the indirect evaluation, with the initial parameters and the length of the forced impulse, the current line, acceleration and pressure sensor courses were used. Apart from the volumetric flow rate, the analysed parameters were the time periods of the injector opening and closing process. Those time segments were composed of response time and opening/closing time, the sum of which gives time of full opening. Functional relationships describing the volumetric flow rate, time of full opening and closing are presented, which are helpful not only in comparative tests of different injectors, but also in modelling the operation of gas injector or algorithms of gas supply control system. The reference to the volumetric flow rate allowed to indicate possible causes of variability of this parameter depending on the supply pressure.
Ideal Rectifier Bridge Converting the Harvested Energy of Vibrations Into Electric Energy to Power an MR Damper
Authors: Sapiński Bogdan , Jastrzębski Łukasz , Kozieł Arkadiusz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The newly developed ideal rectifier bridge equipped with four N-type MOSFETs and two rail-to-rail operational amplifiers is a part of a typical energy harvesting conditioning circuit responsible for the rectification stage in the system of converting the energy harvested from vibrations into electrical energy to power the MR damper. The only energy loss in the bridge is caused by the voltage loss in transistors’ channels. The first sections of the work summarises the structural design of the bridge, the simulation procedure under the RL load and by sine voltage inputs with predetermined frequency and amplitude range, and benchmarks the results against those obtained for the conventional bridge based on Schottky diodes. In the second section, the PCB prototype of the bridge is analysed, and measurement data are compiled. The third section reports on the laboratory testing of the developed bridge converting the harvested energy in an MR damper-based vibration reduction system.
Technology sharing game from ecological perspective
Authors: Zou Hua , He Deyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
New technological revolution has brought about significant changes in technological innovation activities. The platform has become an indispensable part of the innovation ecosystem of technology-intensive enterprises, which is derived from enterprise technology sharing. The main relationship of the innovation ecosystem is competition and cooperation. We use evolutionary game theory to consider the sharing behaviour of two enterprises in terms of different implicit parameters, thereby providing insight into the design of innovation ecosystem and technology innovation platform policies that promote open and shared technological innovation.
The Economical Issues of the Greek-Catholic and Orthodox Deaneries of Târgu Mureş between September 1940 and October 1944
Authors: Tătar Emil 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Greek-Catholic and Orthodox Deaneries of Târgu Mureş were part of the ceded territory through The Vienna Arbitration. The economic issues that the two deaneries faced during World War II were complex and varied. The first one was related to the seizure of the majority of the harvest collected on the church territory in the autumn of 1940. The living of the clergy and their families was affected also by the payment delayed until February 1941. Beside all of these, the economical stability was affected, for a longer period of time, by the loss of their lands, which constituted a source for additional revenues, especially for the poorer parishes. Some of the investments in building new churches were in vain. Two churches were demolished by unknown authors during 1941. The economic problems, that the two deaneries faced, have returned to the previous situation after the liberation of the Northern Transylvania.
The Ottoman “other”: (Re)Framing the Past of the Modern Turkish Nation
Authors: Oprea Iulia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The paper examines the process of the Turkish nation building process starting from the premises that whether we talk about culture, religion, ethnicity, language, traditions or other elements nations identify with and take pride in, continuity in time is an essential requirement to legitimize the bases of national identity in the nationalist discourse.
Human Behaviour Simulation Using Space Syntax Methods
Authors: Sutkaitytė Milda 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
City is a multi-layered structure of social, cultural, and economic aspects and their relationship through the physical space. Recognition of some patterns in those relationships is the essence for defining fragmentations in urban fabric and suggesting solutions on how those fragmentations could be solved.
The article analyses how different space syntax methods can be used to find patterns in the chosen urban environment. Space syntax allows to find urban relationships between physical environment and human behavior. Space syntax suggests a few different approaches on how these relationships could be simulated: Segment Analysis perceives environment as a network of paths or streets, visibility graph analysis concentrates on inter-visual relationships, while agent-based analysis uses simple artificial intelligence for modeling movement in open space. Consequentially, the aim of this research is to find out what human behaviour aspects each of these space syntax methods are able to simulate.
Trend Analysis of Technologies Supporting the Availability of Online Content: From Keyword-Based Search to the Semantic Web
Authors: Molnár Tünde Lengyel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The era of Web 1.0 implied the connection of web-based documents via links, which enabled search engines to scan for information and guarantee the search and availability of webpages. Web 2.0 represented the next evolutionary stage. Known as the collaborative web, the emphasis in this case was on the establishment of services and content by the community. Search options were complemented with labelling and frequently undesirable clickstream analysis coupled with push technology-supported information provision. The semantic web is a revolutionary development, which, in addition to processing information by humans, assures the readability of datasets by machines and facilitates communication between devices. In order to promote data and information processing by machines, the semantic web relies on a special ontology allocating the respective meaning to the given data along with relying on the global indexing and naming schemes of the web. Several ontologies emerged with differing basic guidelines while displaying compatibility to the RDF standard ranging from the more semantic description of bibliographical data in libraries to the description of information gained from social networks and human conversations. While Web 3.0 is often used interchangeably with the semantic web, the former one with its intelligent server function exceeds the semantic web. We have to ask ourselves, however, whether we can rely on the accuracy of the obtained data, and we must explore what progress have libraries – expected to increase reliability – made regarding the implementation of semantic data storage.
The Branding Power of Szeklerland. Online Place Branding Tendencies and Identity-Forming Efforts in Szeklerland
Authors: Barbócz Zsolt 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Destination branding has always been a complex question. This is especially true if we are talking about Szeklerland as a historical, cultural, and ethnic region, which can be defined in the easiest way through Covasna, Harghita, and Mureş counties of Romania. A well-structured brand in a region can help with its economic development and search for identity, so it is worth looking into branding activities in the region. Despite Szeklerland’s strong identity and reputation, the discourse is extremely divided between Romanian and Hungarian people. There are plenty of brand owners in the region without central management and coherence. There are plenty of amateur and corporate initiatives that are generally poorly organized and serve individual economic purposes. In addition, politicians also play an active role in forming these processes. Although the regional and tourism development strategies of the counties of Szeklerland are similar, and it can be said that the stakeholders are open to the cooperation between the three counties, there were only partial results of regional-level collaboration. The paper follows the activities of online promotional initiatives about Szeklerland and the larger territorial units influencing the region, such as Romania and Transylvania, and the branding narratives created during them.
Screening Landscapes: Film between the Picturesque and the Painterly
Authors: Jacobs Steven 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Inherently connected to movement and to a sequential spatial experience in time, the picturesque has been considered as a precursor of the cinematic. In addition, the idea of the picturesque is closely connected to Heinrich Wölfflin’s notion of das Malerische or “the painterly,” which stands for a dynamic style of painting characterized by qualities of colour, stroke, and texture rather than of contour or line. Based on the keynote lecture delivered at the conference, The Picturesque: Visual Pleasure and Intermediality in-between Contemporary Cinema, Art and Digital Culture (Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, 25–26 October, 2019), 1 the essay disentangles the complex network of connections between image and landscape, painting and film, the picturesque and the painterly.
“Show the Clichés:” the Appearance of Happiness in Agnès Varda’s Le Bonheur
Authors: Felleman Susan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Le Bonheur, perhaps Agnès Varda’s most beautiful film, is also her most perplexing. The film’s insistently idyllic surface qualities, overtly beautiful imagery, and psychologically impenetrable, improbably content characters mystify and confuse. Of late, feminist scholars have clarified the situation, noting Varda’s incorporation of advertising and pop cultural visual rhetoric to implicate the social forces framing the picture and those insistently “happy” people: more like advertising ciphers than dramatic characters. Varda herself referenced Impressionist painting as a source of the film’s aesthetics. The purposes of this vivid, chromatic intertextual and intermedial source, in relation to the rhetoric of commercial and popular culture, demand attention. Varda studied art history and connected the milieu of Le Bonheur, the Parisian exurbs, their petit-bourgeois and working-class populace, and bucolic leisure, artisanal and industrial settings, to the modernity of 19th-century Impressionism. Le Bonheur uses an Impressionist picturesque dialectically, in relation to a pop contemporaneity, to observe and critique an ideological genealogy of capitalism and its oppression of women.
Velázquez, Wagner and the Red Skull. Intermediality and the Genesis of Meaning in a Particular Scene ofCaptain America: The First Avenger
Authors: Nagy Dániel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the 2011 superhero movie,Captain America: The First Avenger(produced by Marvel Studios, directed by Joe Johnston) the main opponent of the title character is a Nazi officer, Johann Schmidt, who turns out to be a kind of superhuman entity, the Red Skull. Throughout the movie, viewers can follow the process of him gradually leaving behind his identity as a Nazi officer, and presenting himself as the leader of the occult-high-tech terrorist organization, the Hydra. At a certain point we can see him visited by one of the scientists working for him, Doctor Zola, whom he puts wise to his plans. During the conversation a portrait is being painted of the Red Skull, but we cannot see his face, only that the artist uses a huge amount of red paint. In the background, excerpts of Wagner’s operas are being played, which is very unusual in a Marvel movie. The question is, should the viewer recognize the diegetic music and notice the possible reference to the paintingLas Meninasby Velázquez? How the detection of these intermedial references and the awareness of the act of trespassing media borders would affect the semiotic processes of interpretation? And also, how would the more precise identification of the cited materials change the semiotic modality of intermediality here? The article tries to answer these questions by interpreting the scene and the role of the references in question within the entire film through the prism of intermedial semiotics.
On the local convergence of the Modified Newton method
Authors: Măruşter Ştefan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate the local convergence of the Modified Newton method, i.e. the classical Newton method in which the first derivative is re-evaluated periodically after m steps. The convergence order is shown to be m + 1. A new algorithm is proposed for the estimation the convergence radius of the method. We propose also a threshold for the number of steps after which is recommended to re-evaluate the first derivative in the Modified Newton method.
Increasing the order of convergence of multistep methods for solving systems of equations under weak conditions
Authors: Argyros Ioannis K. , George Santhosh , Erappa Shobha M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the present paper, we consider a construction proposed in Xiao and Yin (2016) to improve the order of convergence of the method from p to p + 2m under weaker assumptions. Using the idea of restricted convergence domains we extend the applicability of the method considered by Xiao and Yin (2016). Numerical examples where earlier results cannot apply to solve equations but our results can apply are also given in this study.
Fixed points of a new class of pseudononspreading mappings
Authors: Osilike M. O. , Isiogugu F. O. , Nwokoro P. U. , Chima E. E. , Oguguo O. U. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We extend the notion of k-strictly pseudononspreading mappings introduced in Nonlinear Analysis 74 (2011) 1814-1822 to the notion of the more general pseudononspreading mappings. It is shown with example that the class of pseudononspreading mappings is more general than the class of k-strictly pseudonon-spreading mappings. Furthermore, it is shown with explicit examples that the class of pseudononspreading mappings and the important class of pseudocontractive mappings are independent. Some fundamental properties of the class of pseudononspreading mappings are proved. In particular, it is proved that the fixed point set of certain class of pseudononspsreading selfmappings of a nonempty closed and convex subset of a real Hilbert space is closed and convex. Demiclosedness property of such class of pseudonon-spreading mappings is proved. Certain weak and strong convergence theorems are then proved for the iterative approximation of fixed points of the class of pseudononspreading mappings.