bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General medical publications during COVID-19 show increased dissemination despite lower validation
Authors: Gai Nan , Aoyama Kazuyoshi , Faraoni David , Goldenberg Neil M. , Levin David N. , Maynes Jason T. , McVey Mark J. , Munshey Farrukh , Siddiqui Asad , Switzer Timothy , Steinberg Benjamin E. 
Published: February 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has yielded an unprecedented quantity of new publications, contributing to an overwhelming quantity of information and leading to the rapid dissemination of less stringently validated information. Yet, a formal analysis of how the medical literature has changed during the pandemic is lacking. In this analysis, we aimed to quantify how scientific publications changed at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional bibliometric study of published studies in four high-impact medical journals to identify differences in the characteristics of COVID-19 related publications compared to non-pandemic studies. Original investigations related to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 published in March and April 2020 were identified and compared to non-COVID-19 research publications over the same two-month period in 2019 and 2020. Extracted data included publication characteristics, study characteristics, author characteristics, and impact metrics. Our primary measure was principal component analysis (PCA) of publication characteristics and impact metrics across groups.

Results
We identified 402 publications that met inclusion criteria: 76 were related to COVID-19; 154 and 172 were non-COVID publications over the same period in 2020 and 2019, respectively. PCA utilizing the collected bibliometric data revealed segregation of the COVID-19 literature subset from both groups of non-COVID literature (2019 and 2020). COVID-19 publications were more likely to describe prospective observational (31.6%) or case series (41.8%) studies without industry funding as compared with non-COVID articles, which were represented primarily by randomized controlled trials (32.5% and 36.6% in the non-COVID literature from 2020 and 2019, respectively).

Conclusions
In this cross-sectional study of publications in four general medical journals, COVID-related articles were significantly different from non-COVID articles based on article characteristics and impact metrics. COVID-related studies were generally shorter articles reporting observational studies with less literature cited and fewer study sites, suggestive of more limited scientific support. They nevertheless had much higher dissemination.
Costume at the National Theatre, with introductions by Dr Aoife Monks, Foreword by Rufus Norris (2019)
Authors: Lennox Patricia 
Published: February 2021

Review of: Costume at the National Theatre, with introductions by Dr Aoife Monks, Foreword by Rufus Norris (2019)
London: National Theatre in association with Oberon Books Ltd, 207 pp., ISBN 978-1-78682-975-7, p/bk, £25/$29.95
The Costume Supervisor’s Toolkit: Supervising Theatre Costume Production from First Meeting to Final Performance, Rebecca Pride (2019)
Authors: Heskett Corinne 
Published: February 2021

Review of: The Costume Supervisor’s Toolkit: Supervising Theatre Costume Production from First Meeting to Final Performance, Rebecca Pride (2019)
New York and Abingdon: Routledge, 170 pp., ISBN 978-1-13818-260-8, p/bk, £34.99
Study on the Suitability of Rainfall Intensity Formula and Intensity Duration Frequency Curve (IDF) in the Campus Area of Universitas Brawijaya, Malang
Authors: Harisuseno Donny 
Published: February 2021

Rainfall intensity known as an essential variable in rainfall-runoff transformation. Flood events occurred in 2017 at Brawijaya University campus caused by high intensity and landuse change in campus's internal and external environment. The study aims to examine performance of several empirical formulas in estimating rainfall intensity, investigating characteristic of each empirical formula’s contant due to varying return period (Tr), and determining appropriate Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF) curve. The formula of Sherman, Talbot, and Ishiguro was employed to obtain empirical intensity, while intensity on varying return period was calculated using Log Pearson Type III. The proposed rainfall intensity formula was selected through comparison between empirical intensity with those from observation according to criteria of relative error (KR), Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Peak Weight Root Mean Square Error (PWRMSE). The Sherman formula showed best performance in estimating rainfall intensity as indicated by low value of KR and PWRMSE, followed by NSE close to one. The constant of empirical formula “a” was directly proportional with increasing of Tr; conversely, constant “b” and “n” were inverse with Tr. The validation result of Sherman formula demonstrated that the formula showed good reliability, thus recommended to estimate intensity and IDF curve in the study area.
A New Fusion-Based Agricultural Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Despeckling by Using Anisotropic Diffusion and Discrete Wavelet Transform Methods
Authors: Shree Raj , Shukla Ashwani Kant , Pandey Ravi Prakash , Shukla Vivek 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In agricultural synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the characteristic depression is due to the speckle-noise, which is of a granular form and is multiplicative in nature, leading to common issues as the features of the images get blurred. Precise agricultural SAR images that are needed for despeckling the speckle-noise are obtained by employing despeckling methods. Preserving the fine details of the agricultural SAR images during the process of speckle-noise reduction is a very challenging task for the researcher. Most of the despeckling methods only smooth the edges but do not enhance the edges. The anisotropic diffusion, also known as Perona-Malik diffusion and two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform, is employed to eliminate the speckle-noise and preserve the fine details of the image. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed method are analyzed by its perceptible characteristics and by employing other analyzing parameters like peak-signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index measure, universal image quality index, and root mean square error. The robustness and execution time are determined and compared with typical filters and techniques. The proposed method is more robust and has a better ability to be used in realistic applications.
Effects of BFRP Bar Diameter and Cover Thickness on Fracture Behavior of BFRP Bar–Reinforced Ecological High-Ductility Cementitious Composites
Authors: Chai Li-Juan , Guo Li-Ping , Chen Bo , Carpinteri Andrea , Scorza Daniela , Vantadori Sabrina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To obtain the design parameters of bridge deck link slabs made of ecological high-ductility cementitious composite (Eco-HDCC) material reinforced with a basalt fiber-reinforced plastic (BFRP) by applying fracture mechanics concepts, the reinforcing effects of a BFRP bar on the fracture properties of BFRP bar–reinforced Eco-HDCC specimens were studied. First, cracking load, crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD), and deflection of specimens were monitored, and BFRP bar diameter and cover thickness were considered. The results indicate that both the diameter and cover thickness of BFRP bar have an obvious influence on the crack kinking angle. In addition, as the diameter of BFRP bar increases, the peak load, peak CMOD, peak deflection, and fracture energy of Eco-HDCC specimens increase, and these peak values of Eco-HDCC specimens after reloading also show the same trend. In addition, the peak load, peak CMOD, peak deflection, and fracture energy are larger if the Eco-HDCC specimen has a smaller cover thickness. However, the Eco-HDCC specimen with a BFRP bar cover thickness of 25 mm has a higher peak load after reloading than the specimen with a cover thickness of 15 mm when the bar diameters are 10 and 12 mm, respectively. In conclusion, BFRP bar diameters from 10 to 14 mm and a cover thickness of 25 mm are recommended when designing bridge deck link slabs.
Intact Female Mice Acquire Trace Eyeblink Conditioning Faster than Male and Ovariectomized Female Mice
Authors: Rapp Amy P. , Weiss Craig , Oh M. Matthew , Disterhoft John F. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFemale subjects have been widely excluded from past neuroscience work because of a number of biases, including the notion that cycling sex hormones increase variability. However, it is necessary to conduct behavioral research in mice that includes both sexes as mice are typically used for developing and evaluating future therapeutics. Understanding sex differences in learning is fundamental for the development of targeted therapies for numerous neurologic and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, which is more prevalent in females than males. This study set out to confirm the role of sex and necessity of circulating ovarian hormones in the acquisition of the temporal associative memory task trace eyeblink conditioning (tEBC) in C57BL/6J mice. We present evidence that sex and ovarian hormones are important factors in learning. Specifically, intact female mice learn significantly faster than both male and ovariectomized (ovx) female mice. Data from pseudoconditioned control mice indicate that sex differences are because of differences in learned associations, not sensitization or spontaneous blink rate. This study strengthens the idea that ovarian hormones such as estrogen and progesterone significantly influence learning and memory and that further research is needed to determine the underlying mechanisms behind their effects. Overall, our findings emphasize the necessity of including both sexes in future behavioral studies.
National Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program: 2009–2017
Authors: Koneru Alaya , Fenlon Nancy , Schillie Sarah , Williams Charnetta , Weng Mark K. , Nelson Noele 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To assess trends and programmatic outcomes among infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)–positive women from 2009 to 2017 and case-managed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s national Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP).

METHODS:
We analyzed 2009–2017 annual programmatic reports submitted by 56 US jurisdictions funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s PHBPP to assess characteristics of maternal-infant pairs and achievement of objectives of infant hepatitis B postexposure prophylaxis, vaccine series completion, and postvaccination serologic testing (PVST). We compared the number of maternal-infant pairs identified by the program with the number estimated born to HBsAg-positive women from 2009 to 2014 and 2015 to 2017 by using a race and/or ethnicity and maternal country of birth methodology, respectively.

RESULTS:
The PHBPP identified 103 825 infants born to HBsAg-positive women from 2009 to 2017, with a range of 10 956 to 12 103 infants annually. Births estimated annually to HBsAg-positive women increased nonsignificantly from 24 804 in 2009 to 26 444 in 2014 (P = .0540) and 20 678 in 2015 to 20 832 in 2017 (P = .8509). The proportion of infants identified annually increased overall from 48.1% to 52.6% (P = .0983). The proportion of case-managed infants receiving postexposure prophylaxis, at least 3 vaccine doses, and PVST increased overall from 94.7% to 97.0% (P = .0952), 83.1% to 84.7% (P = .5377) and 58.8% to 66.8% (P = .0002), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The PHBPP has achieved success in managing infants born to HBsAg-positive women and ensuring their immunity to hepatitis B. Nonetheless, strategies are needed to close gaps between the number of infants estimated and identified, increase vaccine series completion, and increase ordering of recommended PVST for all case-managed infants.
Two-dimensional taxonomy of internet addiction and assessment of smartphone addiction with diagnostic criteria and mobile apps
Authors: Wu Yi-Lun , Lin Sheng-Hsuan , Lin Yu-Hsuan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA recent review by Montag et al. raised a taxonomical argument about internet addiction. We propose a two-dimensional taxonomy of internet addiction by both the device and the content as the solution. For the assessment of smartphone addiction, measurements should be based on functional impairment and validated by diagnostic criteria rather than solely on self-reported questionnaires. We detail the potential of mobile applications (apps) to improve the assessment of smartphone addiction. App-generated indicators could fulfill the unmet need of assessment of smartphone addiction and facilitate future assessment and treatment planning of smartphone addiction.
RECURSOS INFORMACIONAIS ABERTOS NA ÁREA DE QUÍMICA PARA ESTUDANTES DO CURSO TÉCNICO DE NÍVEL MÉDIO
Authors: Souza Rita Rodrigues , Souza Maria Aparecida Rodrigues de 
Published: February 2021

Na sociedade da informação e do conhecimento, um número cada vez maior de dados é disponibilizado na internet. Saber tratá-los, com fins profissionais e acadêmicos/escolares, é uma das habilidades básicas a ser desenvolvida no âmbito educacional. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi desenvolver uma ferramenta que facilitasse aos/às estudantes de cursos técnicos de nível médio a localização de recursos informacionais abertos para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas escolares. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de revisão bibliográfica e mapeamento de recursos informacionais abertos disponíveis na internet, na área de química. Após busca, recuperação e seleção das fontes informacionais, criamos um blog para armazenar e divulgar aos(às) estudantes o material selecionado. O uso do blog, como repositório, bem como o acesso dele constituem o resultado da pesquisa.
ANALISIS DEPLESI PERANGKAT BAHAN BAKAR REAKTOR CANDU
Authors: Suparlina Lily , Surbakti Tukiran 
Published: February 2021

Analisis deplesi perangkat bahan bakar CANDU dengan pellet UO2 alam telah dilakukan menggunakan paket program komputer sebelum dilakukan iradiasi di dalam teras. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah optimasi uji iradiasi perangkat bahan bakar UO2 alam sebagai fungsi waktu iradiasi berdasarkan burn-up, daya linier dan fluks neutron. Perhitungan deplesi dilakukan dengan paket program WIMSD-5B dalam bentuk geometri 1 dimensi. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh bahwa semakin lama waktu iradiasi akan menghasilkan deplesi semakin besar dengan daya termal yang tetap. Semakin tinggi deplesi bahan bakar maka fluks neutron di dalam teras meningkat pada daya tetap. Batas maksimal waktu iradiasi perangkat bahan bakar UO2 alam dengan moderator D2O bertekanan adalah sekitar 834,6 hari dengan daya 12,94 MW/Te. Selama iradiasi, nilai komposisi isotop hasil fisi meningkat sehingga dibatasi hingga 10.800 MWD/Te.Kata kunci: CANDU, fluks neutron, daya termal, bahan bakar, deplesi
Keeping advanced seating services appointments in a Western Cape setting: A qualitative exploration of the experiences of carers of persons with cerebral palsy
Authors: North Gwen-Lynn , Visagie Surona 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Carers of persons with cerebral palsy (CP) often experience challenges with keeping health care appointments. The challenges might be aggravated when the person with CP is using a posture support wheelchair or buggy for mobility.Objective: This study aims to explore and describe the experiences of carers of persons with CP (Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) IV/V), around keeping advanced seating services appointments at a tertiary healthcare facility in the Western Cape Province.Methods: This study implemented an exploratory, qualitative design. Seven carers of persons with CP (GMFCS IV/V) were purposively sampled and interviewed. Themes were generated through thematic analysis with an inductive reasoning process.Findings: Carers experienced a great deal of stress around accessing the tertiary healthcare facility for the seating appointment.They did not wish to spread appointments over different days as it would increase cost. Transport barriers were compounded by the impairments of the person and the cumbersome posture support device. Three themes were generated: (1) A strenuous experience, (2) A Family Affair and (3) Transport Dilemmas.Conclusion: The size and impairments of the person and the cumbersomeness of the buggy fed into and compounded by transport challenges, while spousal and wider family support alleviated challenges.
Key words: Cerebral palsy, Access to services, Advanced seating, Public transport
The Continuity of Fuzzy Metric Spaces
Authors: Rasheed Mohammed S. 
Published: February 2021

<p>In the present paper, the definitions of a fuzzy continuous function and uniformly fuzzy continuous are introduced. we prove that a function from a fuzzy metric space ( ) into a fuzzy metric space ( ) is fuzzy continuous if and only if for every fuzzy open subset of , is fuzzy open in . Also the composition function of two uniformly fuzzy continuous functions is proved to be a uniformly fuzzy continuous function.</p>
Back To Punjab
Authors: Singh Amrit "Noyz" 
Published: February 2021

Background of a song entitled "Back To Punjab" showing connections between the verses that play out like conversations between long-lost relatives writing letters to each other from across the oceans. The verse discusses how the place where one should feel the most free – in their own home – can become a cage. Despite everything this individual encounters, he still closes his verse with a positive outlook. He holds on to hope that things will get better for his home and his people. Links to the verse and song are included.
EDUCAÇÃO COM DITADOR EM VILHENA-RO: história e memórias na Escola Castelo Branco
Authors: Martins Allysson Viana , Silva Maria Victória Ferreira 
Published: February 2021

As cidades conservam lógicas espaciais e temporais que refletem as suas marcas históricas e memoriais, na mesma medida em que ocultam outras. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da pesquisa que investiga os resquícios da ditadura militar em Vilhena-RO a partir da cartografia da cidade, além das memórias dos funcionários e da história da Escola Castelo Branco. Aqui, conceitos em torno da história e da memória são associados à ditadura militar, à história de Vilhena e aos resquícios desse período na cidade através das entrevistas com os funcionários da escola. Percebe-se que 2/3 desses funcionários são contrários à mudança do nome da escola e mesmo os 5 educadores que não sabem nada sobre Castelo Branco preferem a não alteração da homenagem.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: História; Memória; Ditadura Militar; Vilhena; Escola.

ABSTRACT
The cities conserve spatial and temporal logics that reflect their historicals and memorials marks, to the same extent that they hide others. This work presents the results of the research that investigates the remnants of the military dictatorship in Vilhena-RO from the cartography of the city, as well as the memories of the employees and the history of the Castelo Branco School. Here, concepts around history and memory are associated with the military dictatorship, the history of Vilhena and the remnants of that period in the city through interviews with school employees. It is noticed that 2/3 of these employees are against the change of the name of the school and even the 5 educators who do not know anything about Castelo Branco prefer not to change the homage.

KEYWORDS: History; Memory; Military dictatorship; Vilhena; School.

RESUMEN
Las ciudades conservan lógicas espaciales y temporales que reflejan sus marcas históricas y de memoria, en la misma medida en que ocultan otras. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la investigación sobre los restos de la dictadura militar en Vilhena-RO a partir de la cartografía de la ciudad, además de las memorias de los funcionarios y de la historia de la Escuela Castelo Branco. Aquí, conceptos en torno a la historia y la memoria se asocian a la dictadura militar, a la historia de Vilhena ya los restos de ese período en la ciudad a través de las entrevistas con los funcionarios de la escuela. Se percibe que 2/3 de esos funcionarios son contrarios al cambio del nombre de la escuela, incluso los 5 educadores que no saben nada sobre Castelo Branco y prefieren la no alteración del homenaje.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Historia; Memoria; Dictadura militar; Vilhena; Escuela.
Age-related increase in caveolin-1 expression facilitates cell-to-cell transmission of α-synuclein in neurons
Authors: Ha Tae-Young , Choi Yu Ree , Noh Hye Rin , Cha Seon-Heui , Kim Jae-Bong , Park Sang Myun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, with aging being considered the greatest risk factor for developing PD. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is known to participate in the aging process. Recent evidence indicates that prion-like propagation of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) released from neurons to neighboring neurons plays an important role in PD progression. In the present study, we explored the association between cav-1 and cell-to-cell transmission of α-syn.Methods: Using SH-SY5Y cells and primary neurons overexpressing WT and Y14A cav-1, we investigated the effect of cav-1 expression on the uptake of α-syn using a dual chamber system. Additionally, we investigated the effect of cav-1 expression on the formation of Lewy body-like inclusions using co-culture assay and microfluidic chamber assay.Results: We demonstrated that cav-1 expression in the brain increased with age, and considerably increased in the brain of A53T α-syn transgenic mice. Cav-1 overexpression facilitated the uptake of α-syn into neurons and formation of additional Lewy body-like inclusion bodies, phosphorylation of cav-1 at tyrosine 14 was found to be crucial for this process. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the relationship between age and α-syn spread and will facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the cell-to-cell transmission of α-syn.