bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological features of Chinese patients with B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders and kidney infiltration
Authors: Cheung Chi Yuen , Tang Arthur H. C. , Wong Yuen Ting , Chan Gavin S. W. , Tang Sydney C. W. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimDirect kidney involvement in B‐cell lymphoproliferative disease is a rare disorder with only a few studies reported in Caucasian patients. The clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of this entity remain poorly described.MethodsWe retrospectively studied all adult Chinese patients who had histology‐proven renal parenchymal infiltration by malignant B‐cells between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2018 at two tertiary hospitals in Hong Kong. Clinical, pathological and radiological data were collected from 20 patients. Follow‐up data were analysed until 31 December 2019.ResultsMedian follow‐up duration was 22 (1–171) months. Only seven patients (35%) had established diagnosis of haematological cancer before kidney biopsy.Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the most common subtype in our cohort (n = 5, 25%). Others included low‐grade B‐cell lymphoma (n = 11), intravascular large B‐cell lymphoma (n = 1), mantle cell lymphoma (n = 1) and multiple myeloma (n = 2). Fourteen patients (70%) presented with AKI while 12 patients (60%) had proteinuria. Seven patients (35%) had unilateral renal mass, one had bilateral renal masses and one had bilateral diffuse nephromegaly in computed tomography. Lymphomatous tubulointerstitial infiltration was the prevalent histological finding. Nine patients (45%) had coexisting renal lesions other than direct tumour infiltration. All but one patient received chemotherapy. Ten patients died and renal responders had a significantly better survival than non‐renal responders (p = .03).ConclusionDirect tumour infiltration can occur in a wide variety of B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Coexisting immunoglobulin‐related nephropathy is frequently found. Renal biopsy is required for early diagnosis which allows timely and appropriate treatment.
Microtargeting control: Explicating algorithmic control and nudges in platform‐mediated cab driving in India
Authors: Parth Shalini , Bathini Dharma Raju 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe discuss algorithmic control and nudges prevalent in the gig economy in relation to extant management control literature. We draw on an analysis of archival data and interviews with drivers and executives of app‐based cab companies in India. Comparing algorithmic control with direct control, we explain the increase in the scale and scope of automation that enables detailed driver profiling and segmentation, which is crucial for microtargeting control mechanisms and controlling driver earnings. Explaining nudges vis‐a‐vis indirect control, we highlight the role of mental processes and clarify the labelling of control mechanisms as nudges. Furthermore, we show how nudges are interwoven into algorithmic control as they capitalise on and feed into it. We also substantiate the discussions on information asymmetry by explicating the calculative apparatus that underlies the asymmetry.
Mobilising networks after redundancy: The experiences of Australian journalists
Authors: Marjoribanks Timothy , Zion Lawrie , Sherwood Merryn 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRedundancy and job loss in a context of precarity have become central to the experiences of journalists globally over the last decade. Previous research has identified the importance of networks to job seeking in these contexts. This article analyses responses of 225 journalists in Australia whose positions were made redundant between 2012 and 2014 to questions about their ongoing connections with former colleagues in a survey conducted four times: in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. A key finding is that these networks are resources that journalists develop, manage, mobilise and maintain for social and professional purposes, sometimes simultaneously. In this paper, we also seek to extend theoretical and empirical understandings of networks as forms of support when dealing with job loss and in developing strategies for seeking new employment and career opportunities.
Minimum 7‐year Follow‐up of A Porous Coated Trabecular Titanium Cup Manufactured with Electron Beam Melting Technique in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Huang Yong , Zhou Yi‐xin , Tian Hua , Wang Jun‐wen , Liu Wen‐guang , Li Hu 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate the cup survivorship, patient satisfaction level, clinical function, and radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) using electron beam melting (EBM)‐produced porous coated titanium cups at mid‐term follow up.MethodsA total of 32 patients (32 hips) from five hospitals in China who underwent primary THA using EBM‐produced trabecular titanium cups between May and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were: (i) patients who underwent THA with the use of EBM‐produced cups with possible 7‐year follow up; and (ii) patients with follow‐up information, including the cup survivorship, patient satisfaction level, and clinical outcomes such as Harris hip score. The exclusion criteria were: (i) patients with neuropathic diseases; and (ii) patients who underwent THA due to neoplastic disease. Five (15.6%) patients were lost to follow up before the 7‐year follow‐up and, thus, were excluded; none of these patients died due to disease associated with the THA or had undergone removal of their cups as of our last evaluation. The mean age and body mass index of the patients were 59.37 (range: 38.00–69.00) years and 24.51 (range: 16.50–34.10) kg/m2, respectively. Thirteen (48.1%) of the patients were female.ResultsThe average duration of follow‐up was 93.48 (range: 89.00–99.00) months. The median Harris hip score improved from 42.00 (interquartile range: 37.00–49.00) to 97.00 (interquartile range: 92.00–97.00) at the latest follow up (P < 0.001). A total of 18 (66.7%) patients rated their satisfaction level as very satisfied, 6 (22.2%) as satisfied, 2 (7.4%) as neutral and 1 (3.7%) as dissatisfied. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were identified. At the latest follow up, all cups were considered to have achieved osteointegration fixation, with three or more of the five signs evident in the most recent X‐ray. However, three cups revealed radiolucent lines with a width of less than 1 mm. The median vertical and horizontal distances between the latest postoperative center of rotation relative to the anatomic center of rotation were 2.50 (interquartile range: −3.10, 6.94) mm superiorly and 3.26 (interquartile range: −8.12, 2.38) mm medially, respectively, at the most recent postoperative follow up. Kaplan–Meier survivorship analysis of cups, with the endpoint defined as postoperative radiolucent lines of less than 1 mm in width in at least two zones, reveals that the 8.25‐year survival was 96.3% (95% confidence interval: 76.49%–99.47%).ConclusionThe mid‐term follow‐up of patients who underwent primary THA using EBM‐produced porous coated titanium cups demonstrated favorable patient satisfaction, good clinical function, excellent survivorship, and adequate biological fixation.
A republic for all sentients: Social freedom without free will
Authors: Paez Eze 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMost nonhuman animals live on the terms imposed on them by human beings. This condition of being under the mastery of another, or domination, is what republicanism identifies as political unfreedom. Yet there are several problems that must be solved in order to successfully extend republicanism to animals. Here I focus on the question of whether freedom can be a benefit for individuals without a free will. I argue that once we understand the grounds that make freedom a desirable property of choices, we can see how it is appropriate to predicate it of those made by any sentient agent.
Age‐related changes in cerebrovascular health and their effects on neural function and cognition: A comprehensive review
Authors: Zimmerman Benjamin , Rypma Bart , Gratton Gabriele , Fabiani Monica 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe process of aging includes changes in cellular biology that affect local interactions between cells and their environments and eventually propagate to systemic levels. In the brain, where neurons critically depend on an efficient and dynamic supply of oxygen and glucose, age‐related changes in the complex interaction between the brain parenchyma and the cerebrovasculature have effects on health and functioning that negatively impact cognition and play a role in pathology. Thus, cerebrovascular health is considered one of the main mechanisms by which a healthy lifestyle, such as habitual cardiorespiratory exercise and a healthful diet, could lead to improved cognitive outcomes with aging. This review aims at detailing how the physiology of the cerebral vascular system changes with age and how these changes lead to differential trajectories of cognitive maintenance or decline. This provides a framework for generating specific mechanistic hypotheses about the efficacy of proposed interventions and lifestyle covariates that contribute to enhanced cognitive well‐being. Finally, we discuss the methodological implications of age‐related changes in the cerebral vasculature for human cognitive neuroscience research and propose directions for future experiments aimed at investigating age‐related changes in the relationship between physiology and cognitive mechanisms.
Decolonising Religious Studies in South Africa: Reflections on the field 26 years after democracy
Authors: Scharnick-Udemans Lee-Shae S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn light of the decolonial turn in scholarship, this essay maps the state of the field for Religious Studies in South Africa, 26 years after the first democratic elections. It suggests that between the genealogical critique of the discipline and the mapping of decoloniality in research and teaching, a description and assessment of the institutional presence and politics of Religious Studies and theology is necessary. This conceptual pause allows us to chart the practical possibilities and limitations for the discipline's future. By highlighting the contested Christonormativity that characterises contemporary South African public culture and illustrating the overrepresentation of theology in higher education, I argue that the flourishing of Christian privilege in higher education should be more critically considered within the decolonial project.
The limits of Quediini at last (Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle mega‐radiation resolved by comprehensive sampling and anchored phylogenomics
Authors: Brunke Adam J. , Hansen Aslak K. , Salnitska Maria , Kypke Janina L. , Predeus Alexander V. , Escalona Hermes , Chapados Julie T. , Eyres Jackson , Richter Robin , Smetana Aleš , Ślipiński Adam , Zwick Andreas , Hájek Jiří , Leschen Richard A.B. , Solodovnikov Alexey , Dettman Jeremy R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRove beetles of the tribe Quediini are abundant predators in humid microhabitats of forested, open, synanthropic or subterranean ecosystems, with just over 800 species distributed across the temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Previous molecular phylogenies included only a limited representation of this diversity but have already indicated thatQuedius, containing the majority of Quediini species, is polyphyletic. Six genera, historically associated with Quediini but now Staphylininaeincertae sedis, are known only from few pinned specimens and have never been sequenced. Recent synergy between target enrichment phylogenomics, low‐input sequencing of dry, pinned insect specimens and advances in alpha taxonomic knowledge have made comprehensive sampling of Quediini tractable. Here we developed a novel probe set specialized for anchored hybrid enrichment of 1229 single‐copy orthologous loci in Staphylinidae. In one of the largest target enrichment phylogenies of insects to‐date, we sequenced 201 ingroup taxa to clearly delimit monophyletic Quediini within Staphylininae and resolve relationships within this tribe, with 46% of sampled taxa derived from pinned specimens (0–45 years old). Maximum likelihood and coalescent phylogenetic analyses produced well‐resolved, congruent topologies that will serve as a framework for further exploration of this radiation and its necessary generic revision. The inclusion of nearly all remaining Staphylininaeincertae sedisgenera, all known only from pinned specimens, resulted in the creation of Quelaestrygonini Brunke,trib. n.and revised concepts for Cyrtoquediini and Indoquediini. Quediini was resolved as monophyletic with the transfer ofQ. elevatusandQ. nigropolitusto other tribes butQuediusand its subgeneraMicrosaurus,DistichaliusandRaphiruswere shown to be para‐ or polyphyletic. Based on the results of our analyses,VelleiopsisFairmaire, 1882syn. n.andMegaquediusCasey, 1915syn. n.are synonymized withMicrosaurusDejean, 1833 resulting in:Q.(Microsaurus)marginiventris(Fairmaire)comb. n.,Q.(M.)varendorffi(Reitter)comb.n.Several species ofQuediuswere transferred fromMicrosaurustoDistichalius(Q. aethiopsSmetana,Q. biannSmetana,Q. cingulatusSmetana andQ. taruniSmetana),DistichaliustoRaphirus(Q. fagelianusScheerpeltz) andMicrosaurustoRaphirus(Q. mixtusEppelsheim andQ. persicusKorge).
Kidney transplantation in the time of COVID‐19: Dilemmas, experiences, and perspectives
Authors: Cristelli Marina P. , Viana Laila A. , Fernandes Ruan de A. , Nakamura Monica R. , Foresto Renato D. , Stopa Martins Suelen B. , Alvarazi Jacqueline F. L. , Leite Valeria C. , de Oliveira Francisco R. , Carneiro Vanessa A. , Santos Daniel Wagner de C. L. , Aguiar Wilson F. , Vaz Maria Lucia dos S. , Tedesco‐Silva Helio , Medina‐Pestana José 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionHospital do Rim is a high‐volume kidney transplant (KT) center located in São Paulo, a city with 12.2 million inhabitants. Over the last 18 years, we performed 11 436 KT, 70% of which from deceased donors. To mitigate the effects of reduction in the number of transplants on the waiting list, sequential measures were implemented when COVID‐19 was declared pandemic.MethodsThe first step was to provide SARS‐COV‐2 RT‐PCR testing for all symptomatic employees and patients and the compulsory use of personal protective equipment in the hospital facilities. Living donor KT were postponed, and all deceased donors and recipients were tested before the transplantation. The immunosuppressive protocols were maintained, and telehealth strategies were developed.ResultsAmong the 1013 employees, there were 214 cases of COVID‐19, nine required ward hospitalization, and no deaths occurred. In 26%, the probable source of contamination was occupational. From the first patient diagnosed with COVID‐19 in 03/20/2020 till 10/21/2020, 523 deceased KT were performed, a 21% increase compared with 2019, with no confirmed donor‐derived SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Four patients were transplanted with a positive pretransplant SARS‐CoV‐2 test, but none of them developed the disease. Overall, of 11 875 KT followed in our center, 674 developed COVID‐19. Among the hospitalized, 53% required mechanical ventilation, and 45% required hemodialysis. Their overall mortality rate was 27.5%.ConclusionThis experience shows the challenges that transplant centers faced as the pandemic unfolded and illustrates the effectiveness of the sequential measures implemented to provide a safe environment for transplantation.
Evaluation of a pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)/post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) deferral policy among blood donors
Authors: Saeed Sahar , Goldman Mindy , Uzicanin Samra , O'Brien Sheila F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of pre−/post‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP/PEP) may interfere with routine HIV screening. As a result, blood services worldwide have adopted a variety of deferral policies to mitigate increased residual risk. In this study, we evaluated the operational impact of modifying the donor health questionnaire (DHQ) to include explicit questions to assess PrEP/PEP exposure.Study Design and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study between June 2019 and October 2020 of all blood donors attempting to donate at Canadian Blood Services. Sixteen‐months post‐implementation, we summarized self‐reported PrEP/PEP rates and their indications for use. We also assessed deferral rates and the sensitivity of using existing risk questions to defer people exposed to PrEP/PEP.ResultsOf 1,122,075 donations, 89 people (eight per 100,000 donations) reported PrEP (64%)/PEP (34%) use in the last 4 months. People exposed to PrEP were more likely to be men (94%) and taking PrEP for lifestyle reasons (87%). In contrast, indications for PEP use included occupational exposure (50%) and sexual assault (27%). Most donors who answered affirmatively to PrEP/PEP exposure were deferred (96%). If potential donors were not directly asked about their PrEP/PEP use, the majority would not have been deferred for any other reasons (PrEP 32/57 (56%) and PEP 15/30 (50%)).ConclusionNot all blood services have adopted direct questions to identify PrEP/PEP exposure; some rely on existing DHQ questions. In Canada, despite DHQ questions such as medication use in the last 3‐days, more than half of people exposed to PrEP/PEP would not have been identified and deferred.
Towards a mechanistic approach for the development of non‐invasive brain‐computer interfaces for motor rehabilitation
Authors: Mrachacz‐Kersting Natalie , Ibáñez Jaime , Farina Dario 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBrain‐computer interfaces (BCIs) designed for motor rehabilitation use brain signals associated with motor‐processing states to guide neuroplastic changes in a state‐dependent manner. These technologies are uniquely positioned to induce targeted and functionally relevant plastic changes in the human motor nervous system. However, while several studies have shown that BCI‐based neuromodulation interventions may improve motor function in patients with lesions in the central nervous system, the neurophysiological structures and processes targeted with the BCI interventions have not been identified. In this review, we first summarize current knowledge of the changes in the central nervous system associated with learning new motor skills. Then, we propose a classification of current BCI paradigms for plasticity induction and motor rehabilitation based on the expected neural plastic changes promoted. This classification proposes four paradigms based on two criteria: the plasticity induction methods and the brain states targeted. The existing evidence regarding the brain circuits and processes targeted with these different BCIs is discussed in detail. The proposed classification aims to serve as a starting point for future studies trying to elucidate the underlying plastic changes following BCI interventions.
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In Vivo Based Fluid–Structure Interaction Biomechanics of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
Authors: Carpenter Harry J. , Gholipour Alireza , Ghayesh Mergen H. , Zander Anthony C. , Psaltis Peter J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A fluid–structure interaction-based biomechanical model of the entire left anterior descending coronary artery is developed from in vivo imaging via the finite element method in this paper. Included in this investigation is ventricle contraction, three-dimensional motion, all angiographically visible side branches, hyper/viscoelastic artery layers, non-Newtonian and pulsatile blood flow, and the out-of-phase nature of blood velocity and pressure. The fluid–structure interaction model is based on in vivo angiography of an elite athlete's entire left anterior descending coronary artery where the influence of including all alternating side branches and the dynamical contraction of the ventricle is investigated for the first time. Results show the omission of side branches result in a 350% increase in peak wall shear stress and a 54% decrease in von Mises stress. Peak von Mises stress is underestimated by up to 80% when excluding ventricle contraction and further alterations in oscillatory shear indices are seen, which provide an indication of flow reversal and has been linked to atherosclerosis localization. Animations of key results are also provided within a video abstract. We anticipate that this model and results can be used as a basis for our understanding of the interaction between coronary and myocardium biomechanics. It is hoped that further investigations could include the passive and active components of the myocardium to further replicate in vivo mechanics and lead to an understanding of the influence of cardiac abnormalities, such as arrythmia, on coronary biomechanical responses.
Influence of Courtyard Size on Stack Effect During Building Fires
Authors: Chen Yanqiu , Feng Qianhang , Wang Xiankun , Chen Junmin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper studied the stack effect in courtyards in buildings through the pressure difference between the top and the bottom in the courtyard through three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations, which would provide engineering guidance for the fire protection design of courtyards in buildings. During the fire, the stronger the stack effect was, the pressure difference between the top and the bottom was more significant, the fire smoke reached the top of the courtyard more quickly, and the temperature and the smoke concentration at the top were influenced in a shorter time. The influence of the size of the courtyard in the stack effect was investigated. It was found that the stack effect was linearly negatively related to the width of the cross section W and the length of the cross section L, exponentially negatively related with the area of the cross section A, while it was exponentially positively related to the height of the courtyard H. The change in the walls without windows (W) affected ΔPmax and the stack effect more significantly compared with the change in walls with windows (L). When L/W ≤ 1, the stack effect was strengthened as L/W increased; when L/W &gt; 1, the stack effect was weakened as L/W increased. The stack effect was the most significant when L/W = 1.