bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hu Yan , Ren Si-Ying , Wang Ruo-Yao , Zeng Chao , Li Ji-Na , Xiao Peng , Wu Fang , Yu Feng-Lei , Liu Wen-Liang 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundNeoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents an important research topic. Despite the potential benefits of this approach, the inflammatory responses and adverse events associated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy can present technical challenges and compromise a planned resection. This study assessed the safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgery for resectable NSCLC.MethodsThe study was conducted from May 2019 to March 2021. Patients who were age 18 years or older, were diagnosed with stage Ib–IIIb NSCLC, and received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgery were included. Demographic information, clinical and pathologic characteristics, data about neoadjuvant therapy, and surgical details were collected by retrospective chart review. Toxicity profiles were collected retrospectively or by telephone follow-up.ResultsTwenty patients were included in this study. The median age was 56 years (range, 48–72 years), and 18 patients (90%) were men. Squamous carcinoma (14/20, 70%) was the most common cancer type, followed by adenocarcinoma (4/20, 20%), adenosquamous carcinoma (1/20, 5%), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (1/20, 5%). All patients received two to four cycles of neoadjuvant therapy, and the median interval between final therapy and surgery was 49 days (range, 23–133 days). Computed tomography evaluation after neoadjuvant therapy showed partial response in 15 patients (75%) and stable disease in 5 (25%). Final pathologic examinations showed major pathologic response in eight patients, including pathologic complete response in five (25%). Most patients (18/20, 90%) had reduced pathologic staging. Twelve patients (60%) underwent open thoracotomy; the other eight patients underwent minimally invasive surgery, which was uneventful and without intraoperative conversion to open thoracotomy. No perioperative deaths occurred, and only seven patients (35%) developed postoperative complications. Most patients experienced only grade 1–2 adverse effects and laboratory abnormalities during neoadjuvant therapy, and no grade 3 or worse adverse effects or laboratory abnormalities occurred. No patients experienced surgical delays as a result of immune-related adverse events.ConclusionsPreoperative administration of chemoimmunotherapy for patients with resectable NSCLC was safe and feasible.
Tumor-Educated Platelet miR-18a-3p as a Novel Liquid-Biopsy Biomarker for Early Diagnosis and Chemotherapy Efficacy Monitoring in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Kaiyu , Wang Hui , Xu Xianqun , Wei Xiuqi , Su Jingyu , Zhu Kaidong , Fan Junli 
Published: October 2021

AimsTo evaluate the value of tumor-educated platelet (TEP) miR-18a-3p in the early diagnosis and chemotherapy efficacy monitoring of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsExpression levels of miR-18a-3p in platelets and plasma were detected by relative quantitative real-time PCR in NPC patients (n=54) and normal subjects (n=36). Diagnostic values of TEP miR-18a-3p for NPC was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Follow up study was carried out to observe the dynamic changes of TEP miR-18a-3p with chemotherapy on 3 NPC patients.ResultsThe expression levels of TEP miR-18a-3p in NPC patients were significantly higher than that in healthy controls (p &lt; 0.0001). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.841, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of NPC were 87% and 72.7%. No correlation was found between expression levels of TEP miR-18a-3p and patients’ clinical parameters and their NPC tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. The positive rate of TEP miR-18a-3p and EBV DNA for NPC diagnosis were 85.4% and 66.7%. TEP miR-18a-3p expression were down-regulated after 77.8% (7 of 9) of chemotherapy, and in 66.7% (2 of 3) patients, TEP miR-18a-3p levels decreased after 3 cycles of chemotherapy.ConclusionThe expression levels of TEP miR-18a-3p are upregulated in NPC and have a high probability to downregulated after chemotherapy, indicating a significant clinical value. TEP miR-18a-3p might serve as a novel type of liquid-biopsy biomarker for early diagnosis and chemotherapy efficacy monitoring in NPC.
Mechanical Stimulus-Related Risk Signature Plays a Key Role in the Prognostic Nomogram For Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Xu Xin , Li Xingchen , Zhou Jingyi , Wang Jianliu 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundTumor biomechanics correlates with the progression and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC). The objective of this study is to construct a risk model using the mechanical stimulus-related genes in EC.MethodsWe retrieved the transcriptome profiling and clinical data of EC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Differentially expressed mechanical stimulus-related genes were extracted from the databases, and then the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to construct a risk model. A nomogram integrating the genes and the clinicopathological characteristics was established and validated using the Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to estimate the overall survival (OS) of EC patients. Protein profiling technology and immunofluorescence technique were performed to verify the connection between biomechanics and EC.ResultsIn total, 79 mechanical stimulus-related genes were identified by analyzing the two databases. Based on the LASSO regression analysis, 7 genes were selected for the establishment of the risk model. This model showed a good performance in terms of the prognostic accuracy in high- and low-risk groups. The area under the ROC curves (AUC) of this model was 0.697, 0.712 and 0.723 for 3-, 5- and 7-year OS, respectively. Then, a nomogram integrating the genes of the risk model and clinical features was constructed. The nomogram could accurately predict the OS (AUC = 0.779, 0.812 and 0.806 for 3-, 5- and 7-year OS, respectively). The results of the protein profiling technology and immunofluorescence revealed the expression of cytoskeleton proteins to be correlated with the Matrigel stiffness degree.ConclusionsIn summary, a risk model of 7 mechanical stimulus-related genes was identified in EC. A nomogram based on this risk model and combining the clinicopathological features to assess the overall survival of EC showed high practical value.
The Dynamic Effect of Non-CYP3A4-Metabolized and CYP3A4-Metabolized Statins on Clopidogrel Resistance in Patients With Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Shi Hong Ting , Chen Yong Yuan , Li Xiao Ying , Luo Jian Hua , Zhong Guang Hong , Hu Jia Jia , Zhang Min , Zhou Bo Rong 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To explore the treatment effect of statins used together with clopidogrel on cerebral infarction (CI).Methods: One hundred and thirty non-clopidogrel resistant patients were divided into a dynamic clopidogrel resistant (DCR) group and a continuous Non clopidogrel resistance (NCR) group. Patients were randomly assigned to AC group (atorvastatin 40 mg/d + clopidogrel, 51 patients) and RC group (rosuvastatin 20 mg/d + clopidogrel, 47 patients). The patient’s platelet aggregation rate (PAR) was measured on visit 0 (baseline), visit 1 (1 week after clopidogrel alone treatment), and visits 2 to 4 (one, three, and 6 months after clopidogrel plus statins treatment). The platelet reactivity index (PRI) was assessed on visits 0, 2, and 4, and clopidogrel thiol metabolite (H4) levels was measured on visits 2 and 4. DNA sequencing was used to determine CYP3A4, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 genotypes in all patients.Results: PAR, PRI, and H4 levels, DCR ratio, and the genotype frequencies of CYP2C9*3εC, CYP2C19*2εA, and CYP2C19*3εA of both groups were similar (p &gt; 0.05). CYP2C19εA *2 and *3 were independent risk factors for DCR (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Clopidogrel combined with atorvastatin does not affect platelet inhibition and does not increase the incidence of DCR. The incidence of DCR in the Chinese population is high and is related to CYP2C19εA.
Pharmacogenomics Factors Influencing the Effect of Risperidone on Prolactin Levels in Thai Pediatric Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Hongkaew Yaowaluck , Gaedigk Andrea , Wilffert Bob , Gaedigk Roger , Kittitharaphan Wiranpat , Ngamsamut Nattawat , Limsila Penkhae , Puangpetch Apichaya , Sukprasong Rattanaporn , Sukasem Chonlaphat 
Published: October 2021

We investigated the association between genetic variations in pharmacodynamic genes and risperidone-induced increased prolactin levels in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In a retrospective study, variants of pharmacodynamic genes were analyzed in 124 ASD patients treated with a risperidone regimen for at least 3 months. To simplify genotype interpretation, we created an algorithm to calculate the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene genetic risk score. There was no relationship between prolactin levels and single SNPs. However, the H1/H3 diplotype (A2/A2-Cin/Cin-A/G) of DRD2/ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1) Taq1A, DRD2 -141C indel, and DRD2 -141A&gt;G, which had a genetic risk score of 5.5, was associated with the highest median prolactin levels (23 ng/ml). As the dose-corrected plasma levels of risperidone, 9-OH-risperidone, and the active moiety increased, prolactin levels in patients carrying the H1/H3 diplotype were significantly higher than those of the other diplotypes. DRD2 diplotypes showed significantly high prolactin levels as plasma risperidone levels increased. Lower levels of prolactin were detected in patients who responded to risperidone. This is the first system for describing DRD2 haplotypes using genetic risk scores based on their protein expression. Clinicians should consider using pharmacogenetic-based decision-making in clinical practice to prevent prolactin increase.
Allergic Inflammation Caused by Dimerized Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein is Attenuated by Cardamonin
Authors: Pyun Haejun , Nam Joo-Won , Cho Hyunsoo , Park Jiyoung , Seo Eun Kyoung , Lee Kyunglim 
Published: October 2021

We demonstrated in our previous reports that dimeric form of translationally controlled tumor protein (dTCTP) initiates a variety of allergic phenomena. In the present study, we examined whether and how dTCTP’s role in allergic inflammation can be modulated or negated. The possible potential of cardamonin as an anti-allergic agent was assessed by ELISA using BEAS-2B cells and OVA-challenged allergic mouse model. The interaction between cardamonin and dTCTP was confirmed by SPR assay. Cardamonin was found to reduce the secretion of IL-8 caused by dTCTP in BEAS-2B cells by interacting with dTCTP. This interaction between dTCTP and cardamonin was confirmed through kinetic analysis (KD = 4.72 ± 0.07 μM). Also, cardamonin reduced the migration of various inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inhibited OVA specific IgE secretion and bronchial remodeling. In addition, cardamonin was observed to have an anti-allergic response by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB. Cardamonin exerts anti-allergic anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting dTCTP, suggesting that it may be useful in the therapy of allergic diseases.
COVID-19 Importation Risk From Olympic Athletes Prior to the Tokyo 2020 Olympics
Authors: Vico Lau Hoi Yat , Xu Mingda , Wang Lin , Cowling Benjamin J. , Du Zhanwei 
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic delayed the Tokyo 2020 Olympics for 1 year and sparked an unprecedented outbreak in Japan in early July 2021 due to the relaxation of social distancing measures for foreign arrivals. Approximately 11,000 athletes from 205 countries would gather at the Tokyo Olympics held from July 23 through August 8, 2021. Based on the prevalence of infection in different source locations and athlete numbers, we estimated that seven countries would introduce least one infection of COVID-19 to Tokyo and at most eleven unidentified infections after the three requested COVID-19 tests.
Rationing of Nursing Care and Professional Burnout Among Nurses Working in Cardiovascular Settings
Authors: Uchmanowicz Izabella , Kubielas Grzegorz , Serzysko Bogusława , Kołcz Anna , Gurowiec Piotr , Kolarczyk Ewelina 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Nursing needs close interpersonal contact with the patient and emotional involvement, therefore can contribute to professional burnout and rationing of nursing care.Aim: Assessing the relationship between the rationing of nursing care and professional burnout in nursing staff.Materials and Methods: The study included a group of 219 nurses working in cardiovascular facilities. This was a cross-sectional study designed to investigate the relationship between factors of the care rationing and professional burnout. The survey data was collected with standardised and research instruments such as the revised Basel Extent of Rationing of Nursing Care questionnaire (BERNCA-R) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).Results: The total mean BERNCA-R score was 1.38 (SD = 0.62), while the total MBI score amounted to 38.14 (SD = 22.93). The specific components of professional burnout yielded the values: emotional exhaustion (M = 44.8), job dissatisfaction (M = 40.66), and depersonalisation (M = 28.95). Multiple linear regression showed that independent predictors of BERNCA-R score were emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, job dissatisfaction, and multi-jobs activity (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: The level of rationing of nursing care in cardiovascular facilities increases along with emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and job dissatisfaction, and multi-jobs activity.
Use of Virtual Reality to Improve the Quality of the Hospital Stay for Patients in Neurosurgery
Authors: Vayssiere Pia , Constanthin Paul E. , Baticam Nalla Silva , Herbelin Bruno , Degremont Christine , Blanke Olaf , Schaller Karl , Bijlenga Philippe 
Published: October 2021

Background: Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have numerous beneficial applications for patients during hospitalization (through complete immersion in a virtual, distant place allowing to “escape” from the context of hospitalization). Their positive effects in pain and anxiety management, neurorehabilitation and psychotherapy have been demonstrated. Here, we evaluated the effects of VR on the quality of hospitalization and postoperative pain after neurosurgery.Methods: Patients hospitalized in our department between 2019 and 2020 were prospectively enrolled and divided into a group that received a personal, 30-minutes-long, VR session using an Oculus Go ™ VR headset (VR group) or not (non-VR group). Surgeries were classified in simple or complex spinal and simple or complex cranial. Patient‘s overall satisfaction was considered as primary outcome, with secondary outcomes encompassing duration of hospitalization, pain reduction and patients’ opinion regarding VR.Results: 161 patients were enrolled (77 in the VR group and 84 in the non-VR group). There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding satisfaction. The VR group presented with a significantly longer duration of hospitalization and higher maximal pain. Interestingly, pain reduction during hospitalization was significantly higher in the VR group, particularly in simple surgeries and spine surgeries. A vast majority of the VR group patients appreciated their VR experience (89.2%) and advocated for its systematic use (83.8%).Conclusion: VR can improve pain reduction during hospitalization after neurosurgery, particularly for simple spine surgeries. Furthermore, patients experiencing VR appear to appreciate it and advocate for its systematic use in neurosurgery. Further research is warranted to identify patients for whom addition of VR during hospitalization might bring the most benefit.
Machine Learning Prediction of Electron Density and Temperature from Optical Emission Spectroscopy in Nitrogen Plasma
Authors: Park Jun-Hyoung , Cho Ji-Ho , Yoon Jung-Sik , Song Jung-Ho 
Published: October 2021

We present a non-invasive approach for monitoring plasma parameters such as the electron temperature and density inside a radio-frequency (RF) plasma nitridation device using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in conjunction with multivariate data analysis. Instead of relying on a theoretical model of the plasma emission to extract plasma parameters from the OES, an empirical correlation was established on the basis of simultaneous OES and other diagnostics. Additionally, we developed a machine learning (ML)-based virtual metrology model for real-time Te and ne monitoring in plasma nitridation processes using an in situ OES sensor. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of electron density was 97% and that of electron temperature was 90%. This method is especially useful in plasma processing because it provides in-situ and real-time analysis without disturbing the plasma or interfering with the process.
The Incidence of Agenesis of Palmaris Longus among the Yoruba Tribe in Nigeria
Authors: Mbaka G O , Akinlolu A A , Ayanuga A O , Shallie P D , Adefule A K , Akpan H B , Ejiwunmi A B 
Published: October 2021

Background: Problem Based leammg (PBL) is increasingly becoming popular worldwide. The Department ofAnatomy at the College of Medicine University of Lagos recently introduced the problem based learning approach as the style of teaching physiotherapy students in their basic medical science year.
Objective: This survey investigated the students' view of the programme, its impact on their learning as well as constraining factors.
Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted at the end of the basic science academic year. The sample was the whole of a group of physiotherapy student that went through the PBL programme of the Department for one year. Results were collated and data processed using computer Microsoft excel in windows office 2003 software.
Results: Astatistically significantproportion ofthe group rated the programme favorably and indicated it was of benefit to their learning experience. Identified areas oftheir learning positively impacted on include; increase in amount of knowledge (81 %), better levels of interaction among colleagues (69%), improved literary research and problem solving skills (72%), higher level of confidence (81 %) and an increased eagerness for clinical school (95%).
Conclusion: Problem Based Learning programme can be beneficial to pioneer physiotherapy students in basic medical science year even when it is administered newly by a Department that is still developing in the programme.
Key Words: Problem Based Learning, Physiotherapy Students, Anatomy.
Ergogenic Effects of Caffeine Dose on Maximal Aerobic Power of Normal Nigerian Undergraduate Students
Authors: Lamina Sikiru , Musa Danladi I 
Published: October 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of 5mg/kg dose of caffeine on maximal aerobic power of normal young male African (Nigerian) adults.

Method: Twenty normal young male adults volunteers participated. A repeated measure 2 randomized crossover (counter balanced) double blind design was used in data collection. Subjects engaged in 20 meter shuttle run test (20 MST) one hour Post caffeine (5mg.kg-1) and placebo doses ingestion. Endurance Performance indexes (VO2 max, run time and number of exercise laps) were recorded.
Result: Repeated measures t-test was used to assess the level of significant difference between caffeine doses and placebo dose in VO2 max,run time and number of exercise laps. The result showed no significant effect of caffeine doses over placebo dose at P< 0.05.
Conclusion: It was concluded that instant soluble coffee (Caffeine) dose of 5mg/kg (300mg caffeine) seems not have any ergogenic effect on max aerobic power of normal young black male African Adults.
Key words: Coffee, Caffeine, Exercise, black African, ergogenic
Graded Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Skin folds Thickness in Adolescents
Authors: Akinpelu Aderonke O , Oyewole O O , Oritogun K S 
Published: October 2021

Background: Body fatness and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are both related to health, and their interrelation to each other has been documented but with little information on Nigeria population.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and skin folds, and ifthis relation is linear or curvilinear.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey of secondary school students in Sagamu local government area of Ogun state, Nigeria during 2006 school year was carried out. Representative samples of 1638 apparently healthy students were selected from II schools with age ranged between 12 and 18 years. Their CRF, triceps and abdominal skin folds were measured.
Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation between the variables but not significant for males' tricepsandsum ofskinfolds. There were significant graded relation between cardiorespiratory fitness and skin folds; the relations were curvilinear in the whole population. Coefficients of determination (R2) for cardiorespiratory fitness were 6.02%, 5.33% and 6.2% for triceps, abdominal and sum ofskin folds respectively.
Conclusion: It is therefore, imperative to encourage participation in physical activities to improve fitness and thereby reduces the measure of adiposity.
Key word: Cardiorespiratory fitness, skin folds, body fatness, adolescents
Abnormalities in Glucose Blood Level during Antipsychotic Treatment in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Idrus Faisal , Singara Theodorus , Sunarto Dwiwahyu , Syamsuddin Saidah , Lisal Sonny T. 
Published: October 2021

Background: Schizophrenia is one of the mental disorder with many problematic issues, in both psychologically and socially. This disease requires provision of long-term antipsychotic therapy, hence could rise other potential health problems. Antipsychotic treatment can cause serious glucometabolic side-effects, including type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemic emergency. Recent attention has also been focused on antipsychotic-induced hyperglycemic emergencies experienced by new users of typical and atypical antipsychotic. Patients treated with atypical APDs have ~10 times higher risk in developing hyperglycaemic emergencies. In our pre-eliminary study, hyperglycemia condition in new patients occurs in four in seven patients who received typical and atypical antipsychotics. This condition is often overlooked and is not routinely evaluated. Moreover, it can develop into diabetes and increase the risk of morbidity and mortality in schizophrenia patients. In this study, we would like to determine the acute effects of metabolic (hyperglycemia) in patients treated with antipsychotic (Risperidone and Haloperidol) Measurement of blood sugar levels was performed in groups treated with haloperidol (N = 15) and treated with risperidone (N = 15). Plasma samples were taken at the beginning of treatment, in week IV, and in week VIII. The measurement of glucose levels was performed after meal and in early morning before breakfast (fasting blood glucose level 8 hours).
Results: The blood sugar level after meals was significantly higher in the Risperidone group compared to the Haloperidol group (p <0.001) after IV and VIII weeks. Meanwhile, the fasting blood sugar level was significantly higher in the Risperidone group compared to the Haloperidol group after VIII weeks of treatment ( p <0.001).
Conclusions: Both antipsychotics can cause an increase in blood sugar levels. Treatment with Risperidone significantly increased the blood sugar levels compared to treatment with haloperidol. Measurement of blood sugar level is needed to monitor the metabolic effect of antipsychotic, especially in patients treated with Risperidone. It is necessary to have dietary regulation and physical activities to prevent undesired metabolic side effects.