bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calibration of model for the utilization rate of organic and nitrogenated substrates by the microorganism in a sequencing batch reactor
Authors: Freytez Boggio Estefanía , Márquez Romance Adriana Mercedes , Pire Sierra María Carolina , Guevara Pérez Edilberto , Pérez Pacheco Sergio Alejandro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper deals with the calibration of the model for the utilization rate of organic and nitrogenated substrates (URONS) by the microorganisms in a sequencing batch reactor. The URONS model parameterization was carried out using data obtained from two experimental designs (EDs) applied on tannery wastewater (TW), which included as factors: First ED (aeration sequence and cycle duration) reached a COD removal efficiency (RE) between 29% (cycle duration of 6 h) and 48% (cycle duration of 24 h). Second ED (aeration sequence and filling time) obtained COD‐RE (47–51%), NH4‐N–RE (71–91%), and TKN‐RE (50–67%). The URONS model was based on Monod's equation modification. For the first ED, the results of the maximum URONS parameter of 135–946 mg/L·h suggest the organic substrate accumulation due to a possible inhibition of the microorganisms by TW substances such as heavy metals and metal halides. For the second ED, the parameter values resulted negative and varying in the order of −10−2 to −10−4 mg/L·h with respect to for the first ED indicating that a better microorganism performance for URONS occurred in the second ED. For both EDs, the saturation parameter values compared to the effluent substrate concentration suggest that the primary substrate for biodegradation was present in the TW.
Effects of pentoxifylline on canine platelet aggregation
Authors: Thomason John M. , Archer Todd M. , Wills Robert W. , Mackin Andrew J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPentoxifylline can decrease platelet function in humans, but the anti‐platelet effects of pentoxifylline in dogs is unknown. The addition of a luciferin–luciferase reagent during platelet aggregometry can induce a dose‐dependent potentiation of platelet aggregation.ObjectiveTo determine if exposure to pentoxifylline, without the addition of a luciferin–luciferase reagent during aggregometry, causes canine platelet dysfunction. Our hypotheses were that pentoxifylline would inhibit platelet function, and that the addition of a luciferin–luciferase reagent would obscure detection of pentoxifylline‐induced platelet dysfunction as measured via aggregometry.MethodsSeven healthy Walker hound dogs. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and whole blood were treated for 30 minutes with pentoxifylline: 0 (control), 1 and 2 μg/mL. The platelet aggregation was determined using optical (maximum amplitude) and impedance (ohms) aggregometry using collagen as the agonists, with and without a luciferin–luciferase reagent. Four samples were analysed per concentration and the results were averaged.ResultsBased on optical aggregometry, there was no difference (p = 0.964) in the mean maximum amplitude at any pentoxifylline concentration, with and without the luciferin–luciferase reagent. During impedance aggregometry, the addition of a luciferin–luciferase reagent was associated with significantly (p < 0.001) greater platelet aggregation in response to a collagen agonist, regardless of the presence or absence of pentoxifylline.ConclusionsPentoxifylline does not exert an in vitro anti‐platelet effect on canine platelet aggregation when collagen is used as an agonist, but it is unknown if long‐term oral drug administration will inhibit platelet aggregation. The addition of a luciferin–luciferase reagent during platelet aggregometry can artificially enhance canine platelet aggregation.
Poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐based additives: Plasticization efficacy and migration resistance
Authors: Jamarani Roya , Halloran Matthew W. , Panchal Kushal , Nicell Jim A. , Leask Richard L. , Marić Milan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA family of poly(caprolactone) (PCL)‐based oligomeric additives was evaluated as plasticizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). We found that the entire family of additives, which consist of a PCL core, diester linker, and alkyl chain cap, were effective plasticizers that improve migration resistance. The elongation at break and tensile strength of the blends made with the PCL‐based additives were comparable to blends prepared with diisononyl phthalate (DINP), a plasticizer typically used industrially, and diheptyl succinate (DHPS), an alternative biodegradable plasticizer. Increasing concentration was found to decrease glass transition temperature (Tg) and increase elongation at break, confirming their role as functional plasticizers. We found that all of the PCL‐based plasticizers exhibited significantly reduced leaching into hexanes compared to DINP and DHPS. The PCL‐based plasticizers with shorter carbon chain lengths reduced leaching more than those with longer carbon chain lengths.
String correlators on AdS3: three-point functions
Authors: Dei Andrea , Eberhardt Lorenz 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We revisit the computation of string worldsheet correlators on Euclidean AdS3 with pure NS-NS background. We compute correlation functions with insertions of spectrally flowed operators. We explicitly solve all the known constraints of the model and for the first time conjecture a closed formula for three-point functions with arbitrary amount of spectral flow. We explain the relation of our results with previous computations in the literature and derive the fusion rules of the model. This paper is the first in a series with several installments.
Condensable models of set theory
Authors: Enayat Ali 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA model $${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
of ZF is said to be condensable if $$ {\mathcal {M}}\cong {\mathcal {M}}(\alpha )\prec _{\mathbb {L}_{{\mathcal {M}}}} {\mathcal {M}}$$

M
≅
M

(
α
)

≺

L
M

M

for some “ordinal” $$\alpha \in \mathrm {Ord}^{{\mathcal {M}}}$$

α
∈

Ord

M

, where $$\mathcal {M}(\alpha ):=(\mathrm {V}(\alpha ),\in )^{{\mathcal {M}}}$$

M

(
α
)

:
=

(
V

(
α
)

,
∈
)

M

and $$\mathbb {L}_{{\mathcal {M}}}$$

L
M

is the set of formulae of the infinitary logic $$\mathbb {L}_{\infty ,\omega }$$

L

∞
,
ω

that appear in the well-founded part of $${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
. The work of Barwise and Schlipf in the 1970s revealed the fact that every countable recursively saturated model of ZF is cofinally condensable (i.e., $${\mathcal {M}}\cong {\mathcal {M}}(\alpha ) \prec _{\mathbb {L}_{{\mathcal {M}}}}{\mathcal {M}}$$

M
≅
M

(
α
)

≺

L
M

M

for an unbounded collection of $$\alpha \in \mathrm {Ord}^{{\mathcal {M}}}$$

α
∈

Ord

M

). Moreover, it can be readily shown that any $$\omega $$
ω
-nonstandard condensable model of $$\mathrm {ZF}$$
ZF
is recursively saturated. These considerations provide the context for the following result that answers a question posed to the author by Paul Kindvall Gorbow.Theorem A.Assuming a modest set-theoretic hypothesis, there is a countable model $${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
of ZFC that is bothdefinably well-founded (i.e., every first order definable element of $${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
is in the well-founded part of $$\mathcal {M)}$$

M
)

andcofinally condensable. We also provide various equivalents of the notion of condensability, including the result below.Theorem B.The following are equivalent for a countable model$${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
of $$\mathrm {ZF}$$
ZF
: (a) $${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
is condensable. (b) $${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
is cofinally condensable. (c) $${\mathcal {M}}$$
M
is nonstandard and $$\mathcal {M}(\alpha )\prec _{\mathbb {L}_{{\mathcal {M}}}}{\mathcal {M}}$$

M

(
α
)

≺

L
M

M

for an unbounded collection of $$ \alpha \in \mathrm {Ord}^{{\mathcal {M}}}$$

α
∈

Ord

M

.
Wong–Zakai Approximation for Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert Equation Driven by Geometric Rough Paths
Authors: Fahim Kistosil , Hausenblas Erika , Mukherjee Debopriya 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe adapt Lyon’s rough path theory to study Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equations (LLGEs) driven by geometric rough paths in one dimension, with non-zero exchange energy only. We convert the LLGEs to a fully nonlinear time-dependent partial differential equation without rough paths term by a suitable transformation. Our point of interest is the regular approximation of the geometric rough path. We investigate the limit equation, the form of the correction term, and its convergence rate in controlled rough path spaces. The key ingredients for constructing the solution and its corresponding convergence results are the Doss–Sussmann transformation, maximal regularity property, and the geometric rough path theory.
Complications of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and biliary drainage, a multicenter observational study
Authors: Turan Ayla S. , Jenniskens Sjoerd , Martens Jasper M. , Rutten Matthieu J. C. M. , Yo Lonneke S. F. , van Strijen Marco J. L. , Drenth Joost P. H. , Siersema Peter D. , van Geenen Erwin J. M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Over 2500 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and biliary drainage (PTCD) procedures are yearly performed in the Netherlands. Most interventions are performed for treatment of biliary obstruction following unsuccessful endoscopic biliary cannulation. Our aim was to evaluate complication rates and risk factors for complications in PTCD patients after failed ERCP.

Methods
We performed an observational study collecting data from a cohort that was subjected to PTCD during a 5-year period in one academic and four teaching hospitals. Primary objective was the development of infectious (sepsis, cholangitis, abscess, or cholecystitis) and non-infectious complications (bile leakage, severe hemorrhage, etc.) and mortality within 30 days of the procedure. Subsequently, risk factors for complications and mortality were analyzed with a multilevel logistic regression analysis.

Results
A total of 331 patients underwent PTCD of whom 205 (61.9%) developed PTCD-related complications. Of the 224 patients without a pre-existent infection, 91 (40.6%) developed infectious complications, i.e., cholangitis in 26.3%, sepsis in 24.6%, abscess formation in 2.7%, and cholecystitis in 1.3%. Non-infectious complications developed in 114 of 331 patients (34.4%). 30-day mortality was 17.2% (N = 57). Risk factors for infectious complications included internal drainage and drain obstruction, while multiple re-interventions were a risk factor for non-infectious complications.

Conclusion
Both infectious and non-infectious complications are frequent after PTCD, most often due to biliary drain obstruction.
HSF1 induces RNA polymerase II synthesis of ribosomal RNA in S. cerevisiae during nitrogen deprivation
Authors: Vallabhaneni Arjuna Rao , Kabashi Merita , Haymowicz Matt , Bhatt Kushal , Wayman Violet , Ahmed Shazia , Conrad-Webb Heather 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe resource intensive process of accurate ribosome synthesis is essential for cell viability in all organisms. Ribosome synthesis regulation centers on RNA polymerase I (pol I) transcription of a 35S rRNA precursor that is processed into the mature 18S, 5.8S and 25S rRNAs. During nutrient deprivation or stress, pol I synthesis of rRNA is dramatically reduced. Conversely, chronic stress such as mitochondrial dysfunction induces RNA polymerase II (pol II) to transcribe functional rRNA using an evolutionarily conserved cryptic pol II rDNA promoter suggesting a universal phenomenon. However, this polymerase switches and its role in regulation of rRNA synthesis remain unclear. In this paper, we demonstrate that extended nitrogen deprivation induces the polymerase switch via components of the environmental stress response. We further show that the switch is repressed by Sch9 and activated by the stress kinase Rim15. Like stress-induced genes, the switch requires not only pol II transcription machinery, including the mediator, but also requires the HDAC, Rpd3 and stress transcription factor Hsf1. The current work shows that the constitutive allele, Hsf1PO4* displays elevated levels of induction in non-stress conditions while binding to a conserved site in the pol II rDNA promoter upstream of the pol I promoter. Whether the polymerase switch serves to provide rRNA when pol I transcription is inhibited or fine-tunes pol I initiation via RNA interactions is yet to be determined. Identifying the underlying mechanism for this evolutionary conserved phenomenon will help understand the mechanism of pol II rRNA synthesis and its role in stress adaptation.
Immunogenicity of subcutaneous TNF inhibitors and its clinical significance in real-life setting in patients with spondyloarthritis
Authors: Hiltunen J. , Parmanne P. , Sokka T. , Lamberg T. , Isomäki P. , Kaipiainen-Seppänen O. , Peltomaa R. , Uutela T. , Pirilä L. , Taimen K. , Kauppi M. J. , Yli-Kerttula T. , Tuompo R. , Relas H. , Kortelainen S. , Paalanen K. , Asikainen J. , Ekman P. , Santisteban A. , Vidqvist K.-L. , Tadesse K. , Romu M. , Borodina J. , Elfving P. , Valleala H. , Leirisalo-Repo M. , Rantalaiho V. , Kautiainen H. , Jokiranta T. S. , Eklund K. K. ,   for the FinADASpA Study Group, Kokko Arto , Kononoff Aulikki , Savolainen Elina , Barantseva Julia , Puolitaival Antti , Rannio Tuomas , Koskivirta llpo , Paltta Johanna , Puurtinen-Vilkki Maija , Mali Markku , Rutanen Jarno 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Key messages
Considerable proportion of patients with SpA have been immunized to the subcutaneous anti-TNF drug they are using. Concomitant use of MTX protects from immunization, whereas SASP does not. Patients with SpA using subcutaneous anti-TNF drugs can benefit from monitoring of the drug trough levels.

Abstract
Immunization to biological drugs can lead to decreased efficacy and increased risk of adverse effects. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess the extent and significance of immunization to subcutaneous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients in real-life setting. A serum sample was taken 1–2 days before the next drug injection. Drug trough concentrations, anti-drug antibodies (ADAb) and TNF-blocking capacity were measured in 273 patients with axSpA using subcutaneous anti-TNF drugs. The clinical activity of SpA was assessed using the Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Maastricht AS Entheses Score (MASES). ADAb were found in 11% of the 273 patients: in 21/99 (21%) of patients who used adalimumab, in 0/83 (0%) of those who used etanercept, in 2/79 (3%) of those who used golimumab and in 6/12 (50%) of those who used certolizumab pegol. Use of methotrexate reduced the risk of formation of ADAb, whereas sulfasalazine did not. Presence of ADAb resulted in decreased drug concentration and reduced TNF-blocking capacity. However, low levels of ADAb had no effect on TNF-blocking capacity and did not correlate with disease activity. The drug trough levels were below the consensus target level in 36% of the patients. High BMI correlated with low drug trough concentration. Patients with low drug trough levels had higher disease activity. The presence of anti-drug antibodies was associated with reduced drug trough levels, and the patients with low drug trough levels had higher disease activity. The drug trough levels were below target level in significant proportion of patients and, thus, measuring the drug concentration and ADAb could help to optimize the treatment in SpA patients.
A simple qualitative scale for diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux: high correlations with pH measurements and disease severity. The usefulness of the Warsaw Scale in LPR diagnostics compared to other diagnostic tools
Authors: Wlodarczyk E. , Domeracka-Kolodziej A. , Miaskiewicz B. , Skarzynski H. , Skarzynski P. H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Diagnosis and monitoring of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a constant challenge in otolaryngological practice, chiefly because there are no specific symptoms characteristic of the disease. In this paper, we present the validation of a simple, 6-level qualitative scale to gauge the clinical findings of LPR. It has been previously published in Polish as the Warsaw Scale.

Methods
In the study, we enrolled 100 patients with voice problems who had registered in our clinic, and we performed an extended battery of diagnostic tests for LPR, together with 24-h pH monitoring.

Results
The Warsaw Scale significantly outperformed other instruments in both predicting LPR status and correlating with pH measurements. Moreover, the rating provided by the scale showed a strong association with patient-reported symptoms.

Conclusion
The data indicate that the Warsaw Scale could be used as an affordable, consistent, and effective diagnostic and monitoring tool for LPR.
From Psychologische Forschung to psychological research: a rough journey through a century
Authors: Heuer Herbert 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPsychologische Forschungstarted as a journal “für Psychologie und ihre Grenzgebiete” and became strongly associated with the Berlin school of Gestalt psychology. Parallel to the fate of that school, the Journal was discontinued after 1938 and re-appeared only 1949. A number of years with variable and broad editorial boards and without a clear profile followed. In 1974 the Journal switched to English as the first German psychology journal and becamePsychological Research. Gradually and without any abrupt changes—as indicated e.g. by analyses of citing and cited journals—the current profile as “An International Journal of Perception, Attention, Memory, and Action” was developed. During the last one to two decades the number of papers, the number of contributing countries, and the impact increase.
Rapid eruptive transitions from low to high intensity explosions and effusive activity: insights from textural analysis of a small-volume trachytic eruption, Ascension Island, South Atlantic
Authors: Davies Bridie V. , Brown Richard J. , Barclay Jenni , Scarrow Jane H. , Herd Richard A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProximal deposits of small-volume trachytic eruptions are an under-studied record of eruption dynamics despite being common across a range of settings. The 59 ± 4 ka Echo Canyon deposits, Ascension Island, resulted from a small-volume explosive-effusive trachytic eruption. Variations in juvenile clast texture reveal changes in ascent dynamics and transitions in eruption style. Five dominant textural types are identified within the pumice lapilli population. Early Strombolian-Vulcanian eruption phases are typified by macro- and micro-vesicular equant clast types. Sheared clasts are most abundant at the eruption peak, transitioning to dense clasts in later phases due to shear-induced coalescence, outgassing and vesicle collapse. Melt densification and outgassing via tuffisite veins increased plume density, contributing to partial column collapse and the explosive-effusive transition. Bulk vesicularity distributions indicate a shift in dominant fragmentation mechanism during the eruption, from early-stage bubble interference and rupture to late-stage transient fragmentation, with a transient peak of Plinian activity. Dome and lava groundmass crystallinities of up to 70% indicate near-complete degassing during effusive phases, followed by shallow over pressurisation and a final less explosive phase. We provide textural evidence for high-intensity explosive phases and rapid transitions in eruptive style during small-volume trachytic eruptions and consider the impact of trachytic melt compositions on underlying dynamics of these short-lived, explosive events. This analysis demonstrates the value of detailed stratigraphy in understanding critical changes in eruption dynamics and the timescales over which they may occur which is of particular value in anticipating future eruptions of this type.
New hybrid nature-based algorithm to integration support vector machine for prediction of soil cation exchange capacity
Authors: Emamgholizadeh Samad , Mohammadi Babak 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSoil cation exchange capacity (CEC) strongly influences the chemical, physical, and biological properties of soil. As the direct measurement of the CEC is difficult, costly, and time-consuming, the indirect estimation of CEC from chemical and physical parameters has been considered as an alternative method by researchers. Accordingly, in this study, a new hybrid model using a support vector machine (SVM), coupling with particle swarm optimization (PSO), and integrated invasive weed optimization (IWO) algorithm is developed for estimating the soil CEC. The physical and chemical data (i.e., clay, organic matter (OM), and pH) from two field sites of Taybad and Semnan in Iran were used for validating the new proposed approach. The ability of the proposed model (SVM-PSOIWO) was compared with the individual model (SVM) and the hybrid model (SVM-PSO). The results of the SVM-PSOIWO model were also compared with those of existing studies. Different performance evaluation criteria such as RMSE,R2, MAE, RRMSE, and MAPE, Box plots, and scatter diagrams were used to test the ability of the proposed models for estimation of the CEC values. The results showed that the SVM-PSOIWO model with the RMSE (R2) of 0.229 Cmol + kg−1(0.924) was better than those of the SVM and SVM-PSO models with the RMSE (R2) of 0.335 Cmol + kg−1(0.843) and 0.279 Cmol + kg−1(0.888), respectively. Furthermore, the ability of the SVM-PSOIWO model compared with existing studies, which used the genetic expression programming, artificial neural network, and multivariate adaptive regression splines models. The results indicated that the SVM-PSOIWO model estimates the CEC more accurately than existing studies.
Prevalence and risk factors for diastasis recti abdominis: a review and proposal of a new anatomical variation
Authors: Cavalli M. , Aiolfi A. , Bruni P. G. , Manfredini L. , Lombardo F. , Bonfanti M. T. , Bona D. , Campanelli G. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) or rectus diastasis is an acquired condition in which the rectus muscles are separated by an abnormal distance along their length, but with no fascia defect.
To data there is no consensus about risk factors for DRA. The aim of this article is to critically review the literature about prevalence and risk factor of DRA.

Method
A total of 13 papers were identified.

Results
The real prevalence of DRA is unknown because the prevalence rate varies with measurement method, measurement site and judgment criteria, but it is certainly an extremely frequent condition. Numbers of parity, BMI, diabetes are the most plausible risk factors.
We identified a new anatomical variation in cadaveric dissection and in abdominal CT image evaluation: along the semilunar line the internal oblique aponeurosis could join the rectus sheath with only a posterior layer, so without a double layer (anterior and posterior) as usually described. We conducted a retrospective review of abdominal CT images and the presence of the posterior insertion only could be considered as a risk factor for DRA.

Conclusion
Further studies with large sample size, including nulliparous, primiparous, pluriparous and men too, are necessary for identify the real prevalence
Forecasting Value-at-Risk in turbulent stock markets via the local regularity of the price process
Authors: Frezza Massimiliano , Bianchi Sergio , Pianese Augusto 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA new computational approach based on the pointwise regularity exponent of the price time series is proposed to estimate Value at Risk. The forecasts obtained are compared with those of two largely used methodologies: the variance-covariance method and the exponentially weighted moving average method. Our findings show that in two very turbulent periods of financial markets the forecasts obtained using our algorithm decidedly outperform the two benchmarks, providing more accurate estimates in terms of both unconditional coverage and independence and magnitude of losses.