bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nexus of Art and Science: Creating Art Medals in the Chemistry Lab, Using Graphite Molds
Authors: Karjo Megan , Sinani Constantina , Le Coryn , Benvenuto Mark A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The idea of graphing what is called the lead-tin eutectic point when alloys are produced from elemental lead and tin metals may be very common and established in chemistry and materials science laboratories. Producing art medals from the alloys that are made in such experiments is decidedly not. We will present how the lead-tin eutectic experiment can be performed in the chemistry lab, and how graphite blocks can be used as both mold and heat sink for the creation of art medals, utilizing metal alloys produced by students in the laboratory. The process brings together art, science and engineering in a single experience. We conclude that this has been found to be beneficial for students, yet is a technique that can be utilized by virtually any person who wishes to experiment and create with low-melting metal alloys.
Possibilities for Modernization of Conciliation Board Procedures in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe - Online Dispute Resolution and Electronic Communication
Authors: Balázs Hohmann J.D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Conciliation bodies are the main European forums for alternative dispute resolution for consumer disputes, providing an institutionalized opportunity to remedy consumer infringement cases quickly, cheaply and efficiently. The institution has excellent dispute resolution efficiency not only in Hungary, but also at the international level, which greatly contributes to the enforcement of the consumer protection legislation of the countries concerned. The scientific examination of the work of the bodies and the legislation related to them, the number of domestic and international scientific works resulting from them are modest, while the efficient operation of the bodies depends not only on practical and legal factors, but also on the theoretical basis. Although legislative reforms in this area have led to a number of innovations and modernizations, they have left untouched a number of theoretical and practical issues that also pose significant problems in law enforcement, such as the satisfactory settlement of cross-border disputes, electronic communication and even communication, that it is possible to involve artificial intelligence, other software solutions in decision-making or online dispute resolution within the framework of the procedure. Applied research on the operation of conciliation bodies covered bodies and bodies in Hungary, Romania and Slovakia. Due to the large number of consumer legal relations, the significance of these research results in the national economy cannot be considered negligible either. The research supported by the ÚNKP-20-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund.
The Role of Social Media in the Times of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Erdem Bora 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the aftermath of natural disasters and other catastrophes, social media usage has been reported to boost. Understanding how social media works is critical for the scientific community to advance our capacities and build a more buoyant society. With social media communication, the research community may communicate more quickly around the globe to disseminate the most important outcomes of disease, leading to a faster information transfer time to other medical professionals. It’s important to organize research and information in this era of uncertainty and deliberate fake news. During the global epidemic of 2020, social media has developed into an accomplice as well as a potential threat(Anwar, Malik, Raees, & Anwar, 2020). It may be challenging for healthcare providers to discern truth from chaos when a significant volume of data is packed into a short period. One of social media’s current flaws is its ability to quickly disseminate incorrect facts, which may be confounding and distracting. Researchers and professionals with advanced degrees are anticipated to be pioneers in delivering fact-based information to the general public (Chan, Nickson, Rudolph, Lee, & Joynt, 2020). Consequently, during times of distress, it is important to be pioneers in social media dialogues to give factual and helpful information and knowledge to those seeking answers.
Engineering Students’ Perceptions when Working with Narratives in a Humanities Course
Authors: Maza-Ortega Edgardo Leopoldo , Espinoza-Melo Carmen Cecilia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research reveals the change that occurs in a university course when using narratives, which allows facing monumentalism in the classrooms, considering that, in most of them, classes are still being held in a traditional way without taking into account what the students think about the topics covered in the courses. The research is within the qualitative method. The results obtained allow to establish the influence of the course on the learning strategies used by the students, as stable learning indicators, two networks are presented: one corresponding to the use of narratives, and the second, incorporation of the question. Students are motivated to work collaboratively and have a favorable opinion of implementation.
Democracy and Its Rollback: Addressing Some Challenges of the Flawed Democratic Countries
Authors: Nuryanti Sri 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In 2015, the Economist Intelligent Unit based in UK had released the Democratic Index covering the report of 167 countries among others are Indonesia and Thailand. Indonesia has 7, 75 total score while Thailand has 5, 09 total score have categorized the two countries into flawed democratic countries. They measured democracy from the following categories namely electoral process and pluralism, functioning of government, political participation, political culture and civil liberties. This paper is aimed at discussing the above five challenges of the so called flawed democratic countries from qualitative perspective employing some literature reviews, analyzing some secondary data and some thoughts of prominent politicians and scholars. Without trying to review the real parameters that have been used by the economist Intelligent Unit during their research, this study will discuss more on the challenges faced by Indonesian and Thailand government in addressing the related issue above. This study will analyze the post 2014 election, by having a look at the dynamics and process of election and its aftermath, some related issues on voting behavior that affecting the political participation (In Indonesia 2014 elections resulted at 75,11% for its legislative election, 69,58% for its Presidential election and Thailand 2 February 2014 election resulted at 47,72% due to boycotting election in 69 constituencies), the development of political culture as well as the issue addressing the implementation of political rights. Some findings suggest furthering the discussion by taking into account the emergence money politics and internal political situation that affecting on people participations in politics. From the preliminary study it is found that both two countries have significant challenges in the future in developing their culture of democracy. The provision of political laws in those two countries will also be examined in order to see the possible improvement for their democratic life performances. 1
Smart Cities, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Respect for the European Union Data Protection Rules
Authors: Ruiz Francisco Javier Durán 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The importance of cities and their populations grow more and more, as well as the need to apply ICT in their management to reduce their environmental impact and improve the services they offer to their citizens. Hence the concept of smart city arises, a transformation of urban spaces that the European Union is strongly promoting which is largely based on the use of data and its treatment using Big data and Artificial Intelligence techniques based in algorithms. For the development of smart cities it is basic, from a legal point of view, EU rules about open data and the reuse of data and the reconciliation of the massive processing of citizens’ data with the right to privacy, non-discrimination and protection of personal data. The use of Big data and AI needed for the development of smart city projects requires a particular respect to data protection regulations. In this sense, the research explores in depth the specific hazards of vulnerating this fundamental right in the framework of smart cities due to the use of Big Data and AI.
Effect of Different Concentrations of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Potential Barrier of Organic Device
Authors: Sen Sudipta , Manik N. B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Present work has studied potential barrier of Phenosafranin dye based organic device and has observed influence of different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on this parameter. We have made different devices by taking different weight ratios of the dye – nanoparticles blend which are 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4. These organic devices have been formed by varying the concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles keeping same dye content. One device is also formed without any nanoparticle to compare influence of nanoparticle on potential barrier of the device. These devices are formed by sandwiching the dye – nanoparticle blend in between the Indium Tin Oxide coated glass and Aluminium coated mylar sheet. The potential barrier is measured from device’s I-V plot and also by Norde function. These two methods remain in good agreement showing that potential barrier is mostly decreased when the concentration of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is highest in the blend of Phenosafranin dye and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The ratio of dye –nanoparticle blend of 1:4 shows lowest potential barrier and it is highest when Phenosafranin dye based organic device is made without any nanoparticle. The reduced potential barrier in the presence of higher concentration of nanoparticles can be ascribed to improved filling of traps. Lowered potential barrier at metal – organic contact will improve the charge flow resulting in better performance of the device.
Interior Materials and Colors for Study Room Comfort
Authors: Ivanova Alexandra , Roshavelov Teordor , Marinova Ivanka , Dobreva Ivanka , Alexandrov Nikolai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article studies the properties of interior color schemes and finishing materials in order to find optimal combination for improving indoor conditions in higher education study room and to contribute to better educational process. Optical, physical, physiological and emotional properties of colors and materials are compared to living and study requirements in the context of their complexity. Recommendations for appropriate combinations of finishing materials and colors are given.
The Urban Dimension of the Albanian Cities of Transition Was Damaged as a Result of the ‘Big Government’ and Not Its Absence: An Assessment in Relation to the Construction Permit!
Authors: Kaprata Gentian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The main Albanian cities and inhabited centers have suffered great damage of urban and environmental dimension in the years of transition. These implications of rapid and intensive development have produced cities that offer a very low quality of urban life to their citizens. What requires immediate political and legal intervention is to create the preconditions for Albanian cities to change by improving their potential in relation to the quality of urban life they offer to their citizens. One of the basic aspects, where this political goal can be achieved, is the function of controlling the construction development in these cities, in other words the function of building permits. Formal construction, or construction that has been subject to political-administrative decision-making, has faced increased pressure from the government to obtain a building permit. The performance of the government, regarding the function of construction permitting, is presented as very bureaucratic and corrupt. The technical, administrative and legal rules through which the administration exercises in the construction permit process have been very difficult for private entrepreneurs to implement. This has produced, firstly, the phenomenon of informal construction, and secondly, the change in the focus of entrepreneurs in the formal construction sector. In great administrative difficulties and obstacles, private entrepreneurs have shifted their focus from the aim of offering high quality products and low price in the market, to the goal of obtaining a building permit while ignoring the quality of the buildings they have developed. In this sense, what is required is the facilitation of technical, administrative and legal procedures and rules for obtaining a construction permit, which would ensure the reduction of the informal sector and refocus of the formal sector on quality and competitive price in a free market. This is a basic precondition for the situation of cities not to deteriorate further, and that paves the way for the improvement of their situation in the future.
Democracy and Popular Protest in Europe: The Iberian Case (2011)
Authors: Silva Célia Taborda 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent years, Europe has witnessed social movements that break away from the conventional patterns typical of 19th and 20th century movements. The party-or trade union-organised social movements, very much centred on 19th century political and economic issues, or the New Social Movements centred on more universal values such as peace, environment, gender, ethnicity, of the 20th century seem to be changing their ‘repertoire’. At the beginning of the 21st century, parties and trade unions have been losing their leading role in the organisation of demonstrations and strikes and collective actions prepared and led by specific actors have given way to new forms of social action, without leaders, without organisation, without headquarters, and which use social networks as a form of mobilisation. These are social movements that contest not to have more rights but to exercise those that exist, a full citizenship that offers the freedom to express one’s opinion and the regalia of participation in political, economic, social, educational areas. In Europe, there are various types of such movements, but we will highlight the “Geração à Rasca (Scratch Generation)” movement in Portugal and that of the “Indignados (Outraged)” or 15 M in Spain, both started in 2011, and which had repercussions in the main European capitals. Using a qualitative methodology, through these protest movements we seek to understand how the complexity of today’s social movements and their non-institutionalisation represent a challenge to European democracy.
Double Product as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease in Males with Normal Blood Pressure
Authors: Indrit Temali , Ahmet Kamberi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Aim: This study investigates whether in males with normal blood pressure that underwent exercise stress test Double Product (DB) or Double Product Ratios to workload (DPR) are self-sufficient in predicting the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Method: 78 male patients with normal blood pressure went through bicycle exercise stress test (EST) and within four weeks they underwent coronary angiography. 34 of them resulted with normal coronary arteries and 44 of them were diagnosed with one or multiple vessel CAD. Pressure rate double product was calculated in rest, in the first stage of the exercise test, in the peak of exercise, and also in the second, fourth and sixth minutes of recovery of the stress test. Also, the ratios of pressure rate double product with the workload, which reflects the relative growth of double product to the workload, were calculated. The results were compared between the two groups, the one with normal coronary arteries, and those with abnormal coronary angiography.

Results: DP in rest and in the first stage of the exercise are not significantly different for normotensive males with or without CAD, while the peak DB value of the exercise, as well as the econd and sixth minutes of the recovery are significantly lower for the group of patients with CAD. The starting peak workloads were significantly lower in the patients’ group with CAD (p=0.0002 and p<0.0001). On the other hand, the double product to workload ratio at the first stage was significantly lower in males with normal blood pressure and CAD. Significant lower DPR are detected also in the fourth and sixth minutes of recovery.

Conclusion: The values of DP in the peak exercise and at the second and sixth minutes of the recovery phase are significantly lower in normotensive males with abnormal coronary angiography compared to those with normal coronary arteries, and these findings can be used to detect the presence of CAD despite the ECG changes and they are not affected by the baseline characteristics of the patients. The ratios between DP and workload at the first stage, and in the fourth and sixth minutes of recovery are significantly lower in normotensive male patients with coronary artery disease compared to those without CAD and can be independent predictive parameters for the disease.
Promotion and Protection of Childhood and Adolescence - The “Child Contact Centre”
Authors: Caruso Giorgia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper wants to study in deep one of the existing services to help and to improve the parent-son’s relation: the “child contact centre”. This centre is a place where children can meet their parents after different family problems, from parental conflicts until violence and abuses. It’s very important that each child could have the possibility to continue to live with his family as reported by the “UN Convention of childhood and adolescence’s rights” (1989). The history of these meeting centres is very recent and, in the same way, also the role of the social workers. For this reason, research of peculiarities of this place and the rules of the operators involved is very important. In particular, the history moment where we are living today with the “Covid-19” spread all over the world, has caused many problems in the families and it has compounded family situations already compromised. The choose of this theme is also born from the need of study in deep the organization and the functioning of a child contact centre. This is one of the services most complex and heterogeneous and that’s why even today again it doesn’t exist one guideline that is the same in each contest. Finally, the paper wants to describe this service and, mostly, it wants make some proposals about the best practises or operations that could improve it.
Street Children and Money in Relation to Covid-19 Virus: Case Study for the Street Children in the Republic of South Sudan
Authors: Ndorom Owen , Banyanga Jean d’Amour 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Living as a street child is a miserable situation, and additionally, the Covid-19 pandemic that has affected millions of people and killed thousands of humans worldwide is very alarming. Money is desired by any person for its role in purchasing things essential for living. Street children beg for money and sometimes they resort to pickpocketing from people who could be carrying the Coronavirus. This study investigates the life of street children and money in relationship to Covid-19 in South Sudan. This argument is presented through an analysis of existing literature and documents on the matter. A sample of 197street children found in the streets of Juba and Yei, including eight children who were sex-workers, filled in a questionnaire. In the sample, 43.7% slept in the street. The study found that street children are at risk of contracting the Coronavirus, and because of underlying poor health conditions, they are at a higher risk of developing complications.
What Customer Wants to Read in Your Proposal
Authors: Vijay Kumar SP 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Earlier sales executives using their interpersonal & social skills built and cemented relationships with procurement officials over golf games, theatre outings and major events. That era is slowly but surely coming to an end. Today in the digital age, the context is completely different. Every organisation has access to vendors across the globe. Thanks to Artificial Intelligence (AI), organisations can compare their procurement performance in unprecedented detail. Procurement teams have relevant tools and technology to gather insights about seller’s product or service offerings to the minutest detail. However, organisations are also under constant pressure to generate value to their stakeholders on quarter-on-quarter basis. Organisations are looking towards sellers to create value to their stakeholders. Sellers should innovate and help organisations grow in multiple dimensions. Empower organisations generate value to their stakeholders. In short become their strategic partner. In this new arrangement, seller-buyer relationship is no more a transactional, order- taking and resource supplying activity. Selling process is transformed with focus on value creation. Value proposition is the core of value creation. Infact it is a disciplined concept. Sellers who use it as strategic asset create win - win situation. This research paper walks through value creation process and details how value propositions are developed.
The Third-Party Funding in Arbitration: A Challenge in Times of Crisis
Authors: Mimoso Maria João , Pinto Joana Lourenço 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Arbitration as a way of resolving disputes between companies is essentially linked to the advantages of arbitration, especially with the speed and neutrality of arbitration, as well as the confidentiality, the possibility of choosing arbitrators with precise technical knowledge in the area of litigation, among others. The parties choose arbitration as a means of resolving disputes, relating to interests of an equity nature, bearing in mind that for some legislators the emphasis is on the availability of rights, arising from the contractual relationship that unites them. The payment of costs is a sine qua non condition for the constitution of the arbitral tribunal. The parties must proceed with the payment of taxes and fees, respectively to the arbitration center they have chosen and the arbitrators they have chosen. Considering that the economic situation of the companies may fluctuate, either during the execution of the main contract, or when the dispute arises, the constitution of the arbitral tribunal and during the procedural iter, the possibility of financing the arbitration was outlined. Third-Party Funding is a figure that involves a third-party, unrelated to the litigation, who will defray the expenses due by one of the parties to the arbitration. It will have as a counterpart the participation in the eventual financial result achieved through the success of the arbitration. As a methodology, in addition to analyzing the state of the art, we will indicate real cases and the reasons for the growth of this instrument, without forgetting the ethical issues involved.