bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term follow-up and quality of life in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for pulmonary embolism and cardiogenic shock
Authors: Stadlbauer Andrea , Philipp Alois , Blecha Sebastian , Lubnow Matthias , Lunz Dirk , Li Jing , Terrazas Armando , Schmid Christof , Lange Tobias J. , Camboni Daniele 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Since 2019, European guidelines recommend considering extracorporeal life support as salvage strategy for the treatment of acute high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) with circulatory collapse or cardiac arrest. However, data on long-term survival, quality of life (QoL) and cardiopulmonary function after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are lacking.

Methods
One hundred and nineteen patients with acute PE and severe cardiogenic shock or in need of mechanical resuscitation (CPR) received venoarterial or venovenous ECMO from 2007 to 2020. Long-term data were obtained from survivors by phone contact and personal interviews. Follow-up included a QoL analysis using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, echocardiography, pulmonary function testing and cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Results
The majority of patients (n = 80, 67%) were placed on ECMO during or after CPR with returned spontaneous circulation. Overall survival to hospital discharge was 45.4% (54/119). Nine patients died during follow-up. At a median follow-up of 54.5 months (25–73; 56 ± 38 months), 34 patients answered the QoL questionnaire. QoL differed largely and was slightly reduced compared to a German reference population (EQ5D5L index 0.7 ± 0.3 vs. 0.9 ± 0.04; p  < 0.01). 25 patients (73.5%) had no mobility limitations, 22 patients (65%) could handle their activities, while anxiety and depression were expressed by 10 patients (29.4%). Return-to-work status was 33.3% (average working hours: 36.2 ± 12.5 h/per week), 15 (45.4%) had retired from work early. 12 patients (35.3%) expressed limited exercise tolerance and dyspnea. 59% (20/34) received echocardiography and pulmonary function testing, 50% (17/34) cardiopulmonary exercise testing. No relevant impairment of right ventricular function and an only slightly reduced mean peak oxygen uptake (76.3% predicted) were noted.

Conclusions
Survivors from severe intractable PE in cardiogenic shock or even under CPR with ECMO seem to recover well with acceptable QoL and only minor cardiopulmonary limitations in the long term. To underline these results, further research with larger study cohorts must be obtained.
Marketing authorization of COVID-19 vaccines across UK, EU, and the US: fact-checking and the implications for future research
Authors: Abbas Nasir , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhile having access to safe and efficient vaccines is essential for eradicating the COVID-19 pandemic, gaining marketing authorisation is a critical step in enabling and speeding this process. On December 2, 2020, the United Kingdom became the first country to approve the first COVID-19 vaccine. This commentary aims to provide a quick overview of the UK’s COVID-19 vaccine authorization process and compare it to that of the EU and the US. While the UK, EU, and US expedited the COVID-19 vaccine approval process, regulatory authorities did not appear to cut corners in their approval of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine, as evidenced by their decisions to switch emergency use authorization to full authorization in the US and to renew conditional/temporary use authorization in the EU and UK, respectively. There is an opportunity to conduct a thorough investigation into and comparison of the filed dossiers, as well as the robustness of the evaluation process for the approval of COVID-19 vaccines.
Urgent care study of the LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test for rapid diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Gresh Jared , Kisner Harold , DuChateau Brian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Testing individuals suspected of severe acute respiratory syndrome–like coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is essential to reduce the spread of disease. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the false negativity rate of the LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test when utilized for testing individuals suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods
Concurrent swab samples were collected from patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection by their healthcare provider within two different urgent care centers located in Easton, MA, USA and East Bridgewater, MA, USA. One swab was tested using the LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test. Negative results in patients considered at moderate to high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection were confirmed at a regional reference laboratory by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the additional swab sample. The data included in this study was collected retrospectively as an analysis of routine clinical practice.

Results
From October 19, 2020 to January 3, 2021, a total of 2241 tests were performed using the LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test, with 549 (24.5%) testing positive and 1692 (75.5%) testing negative. A subset (800) of the samples rendering a negative LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test was also tested using a PCR-based test for SARS-CoV-2. Of this subset, 770 (96.3%) tested negative, and 30 (3.8%) tested positive. Negative results obtained with the LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag test demonstrated 96.3% agreement with PCR-based tests (CI 95%, 94.7–97.4%). A cycle threshold (CT) was available for 17 of the 30 specimens that yielded discordant results, with an average CT value of 31.2, an SD of 3.0, and a range of 25.2–36.3. CT was > 30.0 in 11/17 specimens (64.7%).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that the LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test had a low false-negative rate of 3.8% when used in a community-based setting.
Notching is less, if femoral component sagittal positioning is planned perpendicular to distal femur anterior cortex axis, in navigated TKA
Authors: Kanna Raj , Ravichandran Chandramohan , Shetty Gautam M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
In navigated TKA, the risk of notching is high if femoral component sagittal positioning is planned perpendicular to the sagittal mechanical axis of femur (SMX). We intended to determine if, by opting to place the femoral component perpendicular to distal femur anterior cortex axis (DCX), notching can be reduced in navigated TKA.

Methods
We studied 171 patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral computer-assisted TKA. Femoral component sagittal positioning was planned perpendicular to SMX in one knee (Femur Anterior Bowing Registration Disabled, i.e. FBRD group) and perpendicular to DCX in the opposite knee (Femur Anterior Bowing Registration Enabled, i.e. FBRE group). Incidence and depth of notching were recorded in both groups. For FBRE knees, distal anterior cortex angle (DCA), which is the angle between SMX and DCX, was calculated by the computer.

Results
Incidence and mean depth of notching was less (p = 0.0007 and 0.009) in FBRE versus FBRD group, i.e. 7% versus 19.9% and 0.98 mm versus 1.53 mm, respectively. Notching was very high (61.8%) in FBRD limbs when the anterior bowing was severe (DCA > 3°) in the contralateral (FBRE) limbs.

Conclusion
Notching was less when femoral component sagittal positioning was planned perpendicular to DCX, in navigated TKA.

Level of evidence

Therapeutic level II.
Ni-Catalyzed Dearomative Cycloaddition of Alkynes to 10π Aromatic Benzothiophenes: Elucidation of Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Takahashi Toshifumi , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Ni(0)-catalyzed cycloaddition of alkynes to stable 10π-electron aromatic benzothiophenes involves the insertion of the former into the C–S bond of the latter to form metastable 12π-electron non-aromatic benzothiepines featuring a seven-membered ring, with the reactivity of benzothiophenes strongly influenced by their substituents (e.g., MeO and F). Herein, the mechanism of the above dearomative cycloaddition is elucidated by computational and experimental methods. The promotional effects of benzothiophene substituents (MeO and F) on the catalytic reaction are rationalized by density functional theory computations. Moreover, computations demonstrate the superiority of Ni catalysts over Pd ones. The theoretical findings are confirmed by spectroscopic (operando X-ray absorption fine structure) analysis, and the combined results are used to design an alternative reaction-promoting substituent, the effect of which is then experimentally validated. A deep mechanistic understanding of this unprecedented dearomative cycloaddition is important for the design of a new range of reactions involving dearomatization.
Synthesis and Polymerization of Acid-degradable Rotaxane Using Boc Protecting Group
Authors: Nomura Tsugumi , Onimura Kenjiro , Yamabuki Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
An acid-degradable rotaxane consisting of a crown ether/ammonium salt complex was synthesized using a stopper compound bearing a tert-butyloxycarbonyl protecting group (Boc group). The unstable inclusion complex was stabilized by introducing a bulky Boc group at its end. The deprotection reaction via addition of trifluoroacetic acid resulted in the decomposition of rotaxane, as demonstrated by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography measurement. The polymerization of rotaxane by metathesis reaction was also attempted.
Tirofiban hydrochloride sodium chloride injection combined with cardiovascular intervention in the treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liu Yongxuan , Zhang Lingling , Yang Yanyan 
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of tirofiban hydrochloride sodium chloride injection combined with cardiovascular intervention on acute myocardial infarction.
Methods: Eighty-four patients with acute myocardial infarction who were treated in our hospital from April 2017 to May 2018 were divided into a control group and a treatment group using random number table method; there were 42 patients in each group. Both groups were given conventional treatment and were treated with aspirin and clopidogrel before and after operation. Moreover, the control group was treated with cardiovascular interventional therapy, while the treatment group was treated with tirofiban hydrochloride on the basis of cardiovascular interventional therapy. The patients were followed up to observe and compare the treatment condition and adverse reactions of the two groups.
Results: After percutaneous coronary intervention, the normal rate of myocardial perfusion in the treatment group was 92.86%, which was higher than 69.05% in the control group (P<0.05). After PCI, there were significant differences of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow Grade- 2 and 3 between the two groups (P<0.05). The improvement of platelet activation function in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse cardiac events in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Tirofiban hydrochloride sodium chloride injection combined with cardiovascular intervention has a significant clinical effect in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. It can effectively improve the blood perfusion and reduce the incidence of adverse cardiac events, suggesting a good effect on the prognosis of patients and high application value.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1005
How to cite this:Liu Y, Zhang L, Yang Y. Tirofiban hydrochloride sodium chloride injection combined with cardiovascular intervention in the treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):54-58. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1005
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Artificial intelligence in the digital twins: State of the art, challenges, and future research topics
Authors: Lv Zhihan , Xie Shuxuan 
Published: December 2021

Advanced computer technologies such as big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, digital twins, and edge computing have been applied in various fields as digitalization has progressed. To study the status of the application of digital twins in the combination with AI, this paper classifies the applications and prospects of AI in digital twins by studying the research results of the current published literature. We discuss the application status of digital twins in the four areas of aerospace, intelligent manufacturing in production workshops, unmanned vehicles, and smart city transportation, and we review the current challenges and topics that need to be looked forward to in the future. It was found that the integration of digital twins and AI has significant effects in aerospace flight detection simulation, failure warning, aircraft assembly, and even unmanned flight. In the virtual simulation test of automobile autonomous driving, it can save 80% of the time and cost, and the same road conditions reduce the parameter scale of the actual vehicle dynamics model and greatly improve the test accuracy. In the intelligent manufacturing of production workshops, the establishment of a virtual workplace environment can provide timely fault warning, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the overall workshop operational safety. In smart city traffic, the real road environment is simulated, and traffic accidents are restored, so that the traffic situation is clear and efficient, and urban traffic management can be carried out quickly and accurately. Finally, we looked forward to the future of digital twins and AI, hoping to provide a reference for future research in related fields.
Value-based healthcare’s blind spots: call for a dialogue
Authors: Hazelzet Jan A. , Thor Johan , Andersson Gäre Boel , Kremer Jan A.M. , van Weert Nico , Savage Carl , Elwyn Glyn 
Published: December 2021

The value-based healthcare (VBHC) concept was first proposed as a solution to many of the ills of healthcare. Since then, we have seen the term “value” defined, used, confused, and interpreted in multiple ways. While we may disagree that competition based on value will solve healthcare’s complex challenges, value is a concept integral to the future of healthcare. Before VBHC becomes consigned to the long list of quality improvement trends and management fads that have passed through healthcare, we call for a dialogue around the term value and the implications of its different interpretations. The intention is not just to critique, but to facilitate ongoing efforts to substantially improve healthcare in ways that are relevant and sustainable for society at large.
Helping nurses help themselves with change
Authors: Raisbeck Elspeth 
Published: December 2021

Change is an inevitable part of living. Some changes are embraced and others are rejected or resented. In the case of the latter, life can become difficult for staff members and those who work with them, especially if organisational change is challenging. This difficulty can lead to dissatisfaction with work, poor work performance, low morale and increased staff turnover. In order to help nurses understand the emotions surrounding change, this article looks at the Bridges Transition Model and Fisher's Personal Transition Curve. To help nurses better manage change when they are subject to it, four practical tools are explored that can be used to help individuals make change work for them.
Turn-taking in collaborative storytelling
Authors: Dressel Dennis 
Published: December 2021

This conversation-analytic paper investigates the multimodal design and interactional functions of the connective et puis après (‘and then after that’) in a French-language corpus of video-recorded collaborative storytellings. Two similar, yet different, sequential positions are investigated: the juncture between subsequent story episodes and the space between extended side sequences and the return to the story-in-progress. Such juncture positions constitute recognizable moments at which both members of the telling party, i. e., the current teller and the co-teller, must determine the topic of the next story episode as well as its delivery. Thus, juncture positions provide a perspicuous setting for the analysis of how tellership is negotiated and how topic progression is achieved. The connective et puis après appears to be a resource for current tellers to establish spaces for coparticipation at juncture positions, closing prior talk and projecting continuation. The multimodal analysis shows that both its prosodic design and co-occurring changes of the embodied participation framework contribute to opening interactive turn spaces and to making telling-specific next actions relevant.
How We Remember: New Zealanders and the First World War, Charles Ferrall and Harry Ricketts (eds) (2014)
Authors: Bell Leonard 
Published: December 2021

Review of: How We Remember: New Zealanders and the First World War, Charles Ferrall and Harry Ricketts (eds) (2014)
Wellington: Victoria University Press, 272 pp.,
ISBN 978 0 86473 935 3 (pbk), NZ$40
Scenic Playground: The Story behind New Zealand’s Mountain Tourism, Peter Alsop, Dave Bamford and Lee Davidson (2018)
Authors: De Marco Alessandra 
Published: December 2021

Review of: Scenic Playground: The Story behind New Zealand’s Mountain Tourism, Peter Alsop, Dave Bamford and Lee Davidson (2018)
Wellington: Te Papa Press, 416 pp.,
ISBN 978 0 99414 602 1 (hbk), NZ$80
Athens to Aotearoa: Greece and Rome in New Zealand Literature and Society, Diana Burton, Simon Perris and Jeff Tatum (eds) (2017)
Authors: Mausen Sonja 
Published: December 2021

Review of: Athens to Aotearoa: Greece and Rome in New Zealand Literature and Society, Diana Burton, Simon Perris and Jeff Tatum (eds) (2017)
Wellington: Victoria University Press, 361 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 77656 176 6 (pbk), NZ$40
A Bounded Land: Reflections on Settler Colonialism in Canada, Cole Harris, (Vancouver, BC: UBC Press, 2020), 344 pages
Authors: Low Maggie 
Published: December 2021

Review of: A Bounded Land: Reflections on Settler Colonialism in Canada Cole Harris
(Vancouver, BC: UBC Press, 2020), 344 pages

In A Bounded Land: Reflections on Settler Colonialism in Canada, distinguished Canadian geographer Cole Harris republishes a selection of his many writings and thereby reframes his interrogation of the meaning of the term “settler” in “settler colonialism.” Through an exploration of various immigrant experiences at specific locations, Harris lays out a broad architecture of settler colonialism through an analysis of the organization of immigrant space and the contraction of Indigenous space since settler colonialism began in Canada some 500 years ago.
History of the Technical Means Implementation to Extradepartmental Guards Units Activity for Facility Protection in the Altai Territory (1950s — 2016)
Authors: Antropov V.M. 
Published: December 2021

First attempts to use technical guard means were triggered by the need to prevent property encroachment. The easiest way to detect and locate lawbreakers was to place various objects in their way that would signal of their movements. With the advance of electronic technology special security breach devices appeared, as well as security alarm systems. Wide use of technical means allows to remove or minimize the adverse impact of a man — the most unreliable and invincible link in any security system.
Since its formation in 1952, the Extradepartmental Guards has been employing technical means for facility protection based on such elements of electronic technology as diodes and transistors, followed by automated systems of central surveillance. Starting from the 2000s, microtechnology and cellular-based radio-communication guard systems have been used by the Extradepartmental Guards for facility protection.
Extradepartmental Guards units run by the internal affairs authorities in the Altai Territory have been employing technical means since the end of the 1950s. Back then, when their use was launched, only some major departments had central surveillance systems operating. Later on technical means started to be used in all departments. Their use significantly increases the reliability of property protection and helps to reduce the number of thefts from facilities guarded by Extradepartmental Guards.
N.M. Yadrintsev's Creative Heritage of the Early Years of Exile (1868-1872): on the 180th Anniversary of the Thinker-Publicist's Birth
Authors: Golovinov A.V. , Golovinova Yu.V. 
Published: December 2021

This publication is devoted to the analysis of the creative heritage of N.M. Yadrintsev during his exile in the city of Shenkursk, Arkhangelsk province. The research interest of the authors is mainly focused on the period 1868-1872. Mostly, guided by the materials of letters and memoirs, the shades of the creative heritage of the famous Siberian Philosopher in the early period of exile are detailed. Taking into account the previously conducted research in this field by scholarly historians and philologists, an attempt is made to show the factors and conditions that influenced the ideological and journalistic heritage of N.M. Yadrintsev. The article expresses the idea that the early period of exile was characterized by literary and journalistic work related to topical and mainly general Russian topics. During this period of time, collaborating with the leading publications in the Russian Empire, the Siberian regional expert prepared materials about prison, exile, examined the women's issue and others.
Ultimately, the authors proceed from the position that the final formation of the worldview guidelines of the famous Siberian took place precisely in the "Shenkur" period.
Classification of determinant factors of irrigated vegetable problems using exploratory factor analysis in Swaida governorate, Syria
Authors: AL-ABDALA Maya , SALLOWM Afraa , ABOUASSAF Safwan 
Published: December 2021

The objective of this research was to classify the determinant factors of irrigated vegetable problems and the amount of variance that is explained by each factor in Swaida Governorate/ Syria by using the Exploratory Factor Analysis. The research is based on the data which were collected through questionnaires that were obtained according to the opinions of farmers. It included questions about some of the social and economic characteristics of farmers, and the concerning problems related to irrigated agriculture by using multiple-choice questions (on a 3-point scale) during the 2019-2020 Based on a sample size of 92 farmers, representing 54.9 % of the studied statistical community, and distributed randomly within the areas of spread of irrigated vegetable cultivation.. The results showed the success of using the exploratory factor analysis technique, using the Principal components methodology and Varimax in classifying six factors with an initial eigenvalues greater than one for each, and these factors are: agricultural technological progress, agricultural employment, sale outlets, natural conditions, prices, production requirements. These factors explained (13.21 %, 12.65 %, 12.55 %, 11.12 %, 10.94 %, and 9.85 %) of the total variance respectively, and together explained 70.33 %.