bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-year descriptive analysis of patients treated at an anti-rabies clinic –
a retrospective study from Kashmir
Authors: Bashir Khalid , Haq Inaamul , Khan S Muhammad Salim , Qurieshi Mariya Amin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Dog bites in humans are a major public health problem in India in
general and Kashmir in particular. Canine rabies is almost non-existent in
developed countries and exists mainly in the poorer, low socioeconomic
strata of society in the developing world. The objective of this study was
to determine the characteristics, pattern, and burden of dog bite injuries
in the Kashmir valley.

Methodology and principal findings
Data from Anti-Rabies Clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Srinagar,
the summer capital of the state of Jammu & Kashmir, was collated and
analyzed. Analysis of records of all the patients who had reported between
April 2016 and March 2017 was done. A total of 6172 patients had reported to
the Anti-Rabies Clinic for management of animal bites from
1st April 2016 to 31st March
2017. Most of the patients were young males. Almost half (47.7%) of the
patients were bitten in the afternoon. Lower limbs were the most common site
of bite (71.7%). Most of the bites were of Category III (57.6%) followed by
Category II (42.3%); only one case of Category I was recorded. Almost all
(98.0%) cases reported being bitten by dogs.

Conclusions
Category III dog bites on lower limbs are the most common type of animal
bites. Children have more chances of a bite on head and neck region. Serious
and workable efforts have to be made to reduce the incidence and
consequences of animal bites.

Author summary
In Kashmir, dog bite is an important public health problem. Thousands of
people become victims of an animal bite, especially dog bite, and some of
them develop rabies. Rabies is an invariably fatal viral disease resulting
in approximately 59 000 human deaths per year globally, with 95% of cases
occurring in Africa and Asia. The only way to prevent a rabies death is
vaccination of an animal bite victim. In Kashmir, the burden and
characteristics of dog bites are not routinely captured by the health system
in place. We, therefore, attempted to find out the burden and
characteristics of animal bite victims by analyzing one-year data from an
Anti-Rabies Clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir. We found that 98%
of the patients registered at the clinic during the period were victims of a
dog bite. The victims were mostly young males but females and children were
not shown any mercy either. Lower limbs were the most favorite site of the
bite. Our analysis of the data also revealed that children under 15 years
were more prone to a bite in the head and neck region. We concluded that the
burden of animal bites, especially dog bites, is huge in Kashmir and
recommended that serious efforts directed towards immunizing and decreasing
the stray dog population need to be put into practice to decrease the number
of animal bite victims and prevent any rabies deaths.
Are there dynamic productivity gains from agricultural trade?
Authors: Moon Wanki 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe primary purpose of this paper is to take an in-depth look at the question of whether liberalizing trade in agriculture can generate dynamic productivity gains comparable to those in the manufacturing sector.Design/methodology/approachIn contrast to the manufacturing sector that has generated firm/plant-level trade data, there is a lack of farm-level trade data that are needed for empirical measurement of dynamic productivity gains. Therefore, the authors use thought experiments to analyze the sequence of events that would occur when trade is liberalized for agriculture; delineate the expected behaviors of the actors involved in the trade and draw inferences about whether there would be dynamic productivity gains from agricultural trade.FindingsThe central finding is that there would be little dynamic gain from agricultural trade at the farm level due to the limited role of producers in shaping their international competitiveness. Yet, agricultural trade may generate dynamic gains if states or input supply corporations respond to the freer trade environment by making more investments for research and development (R&D). Further, when intraindustry prevails, there can be productivity gains at the industry level due to the transfer of resources from less to more efficient farm producers.Originality/valueThe findings of the paper are expected to present insights into value for researchers working in the area of agricultural trade; for agricultural trade policymakers in developing countries and for trade negotiators engaged in reforming or designing World Trade Organization (WTO)’s trade rules for agriculture.
Towards understanding the gender digital divide: a systematic literature review
Authors: Acilar Ali , Sæbø Øystein 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address the gender digital divide through the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) by reviewing existing knowledge within the field. This paper explores the characteristics and factors contributing to the gender digital divide. To bridge the gender digital divide, it is important to understand the factors behind gender differences in ICT access and use.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) approach. In total, 24 articles were selected and analysed with using PRISMA steps.

Findings
Despite a significant increase in usage of the internet and other ICTs around the world, women, especially in developing countries, tend to be on the wrong side of the digital divide. The results indicate that while there are still gender differences in access to ICT in developing countries, second-level digital divide issues are more of a concern in developed countries. In the literature, several important factors have been identified as being associated with the gender digital divide. The results highlight the importance of implementable policies to bridge the gender digital divide, as well as how sociocultural factors play an important role in explaining the gender digital divide phenomenon.

Originality/value
By identifying the gender digital divide studies’ characteristics and factors contributing to the gender digital divide, the authors provide an overview of the existing research, allowing us to discuss future research needs within the field. The authors argue that more research is needed to understand how to better address the sociocultural factors affecting the gender digital divide, to understand why equal access seems not to result in equal use and, to understand the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the gender digital divide.
A critical analysis of the social media policies in Ontario's healthcare system
Authors: Zakkar Moutasem A. , Meyer Samantha B. , Janes Craig R. 
Published: December 2021

PurposeSocial media has made a revolutionary change in the relationship between the customers and business or service providers by enabling customers to publish and share feedback and views about product or service quality. This revolutionary change has not been echoed in some healthcare systems. This study analyses the social media policies of healthcare regulatory authorities in Ontario and explores how these policies encourage or discourage healthcare professionals' use of social media for collecting patient stories and understanding patient experience.Design/methodology/approachThe study used qualitative content analysis to analyse the policy documents, focusing on the manifest themes in these documents. It used convenient sampling to select 12 organizations, including regulating and licensing bodies and health service delivery organizations in Ontario. The authors collected 24 documents from these organizations, including policies, practice standards and social media learning materials.FindingsIn Ontario's healthcare system, social media is perceived as a source of risks to the healthcare professions and professionals. Healthcare regulators emphasize that the codes of conduct and professional standards extend to social media. The study found no systematic recognition of patient stories on social media as a source of information on healthcare quality that can be useful for healthcare professionals.Originality/valueThe study identifies potential unintended consequences of social media policies in the healthcare system and calls for policy and cultural changes to enable the development of safe social media platforms that can facilitate interaction between healthcare providers and patients, when necessary, without the fear of legal consequences or privacy breaches.
Political connections and firm performance in an emerging market context: the mediating effect of sustainability disclosure
Authors: Faisal Faisal , Ridhasyah Rizki , Haryanto Haryanto 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis study examines the mediating effect of sustainability disclosure on the relationship between political connections and firm performance from the resource-based view.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of this study was sourced from 888 public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2016 to 2017. Path analysis and Sobel tests were used to determine the mediating effect of sustainability disclosure.FindingsThe results show that political connections have a positive and significant influence on firm performance. Furthermore, sustainability disclosures mediate the relationship between political connections and firm performance.Research limitations/implicationsIn the context of developing countries such as Indonesia, managers can make the existence of parties in politically connected companies as a medium to demonstrate their adherence to external stakeholders through the disclosure of sustainability information.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate the mediating effect of sustainability disclosure on the relationship between political connections and firm performance, especially in emerging markets. The parties of the politically connected companies use a social responsibility mechanism as a medium that can sustain their operational sustainability whilst gaining long-term economic benefits.
Calibration of impact of attributes in the real estate mass appraisal
Authors: Dmytrów Krzysztof , Kuźmiński Wojciech 
Published: December 2021

PurposeOur research aims in designation of a hybrid approach in the calibration of an attribute impact vector in order to guarantee its completeness in case when other approaches cannot ensure this.Design/methodology/approachReal estate mass appraisal aims at valuating a large number of properties by means of a specialised algorithm. We can apply various methods for this purpose. We present the Szczecin Algorithm of Real Estate Mass Appraisal (SAREMA) and the four methods of calibration of an attribute impact vector. Eventually, we present its application on the example of 318 residential properties in Szczecin, Poland.FindingsWe compare the results of appraisals obtained with the application of the hybrid approach with the appraisals obtained for the three remaining ones. If the database is complete and reliable, the econometric and statistical approaches could be recommended because they are based on quantitative measures of relationships between the values of attributes and properties' unit values. However, when the database is incomplete, the expert and, subsequently, hybrid approaches are used as supplementary ones.Originality/valueThe application of the hybrid approach ensures that the calibration system of an attribute impact vector is always complete. This is because it incorporates the expert approach that can be used even if the database excludes application of approaches that are based on quantitative measures of relationship between the unit real estate value and the value of attributes.
Informal learning behaviors, interaction and workplace autonomy and readiness to learn
Authors: Lucena Barbosa Flávia , Borges-Andrade Jairo Eduardo 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to find a measurement model with better evidence of validity, with data extracted from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). To test a parsimonious model in which dispositional and workplace context characteristics are predictors of informal learning behaviors (ILBs).

Design/methodology/approach
The authors performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to improve the fit of the PIAAC data measurement model. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the prediction of ILBs by one dispositional variable (Readiness to Learn) and two workplace context variables (Autonomy and Interaction in the Workplace).

Findings
A measurement model emerged with 18 items divided into four factors. The three antecedent variables predicted ILBs. Interaction in the workplace resulted in higher scores, and workplace autonomy resulted in lower scores.

Research limitations/implications
The small number of items for ILBs prevented a more detailed exploration of predictors of different types of these behaviors. ILBs can be stimulated by policies that promote readiness to learn and that encourage the design of environments that require worker interactions and autonomy.

Originality/value
Few studies on ILBs in the workplace have investigated the prediction of dispositional and contextual antecedents based on a theoretical model. The findings herein were obtained using a diverse sample of countries, occupations and generations, allowing better generalization. The importance of interpersonal relationships in the workplace for predicting ILBs was emphasized.
An assessment of the EMAS standard in developing an effective environmental strategy: an analysis of certified companies in Italy
Authors: Murmura Federica , Bravi Laura , Santos Gilberto 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe study provides an overview of the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) standard and its potential in helping a company to improve its environmental performance. The work aims to investigate a company's perception towards the implementation of the EMAS environmental management system with the benefits and the critical areas derived from it, the overall assessment of the certification and its possible future developments.Design/methodology/approachThe study develops an empirical analysis of Italian EMAS III certified companies, through the administration of a questionnaire to all those Italian companies that were EMAS certified and that provided a valid e-mail address on the EMAS register. Overall, 231 Italian companies took part in the survey.FindingsThe results confirm the heterogeneous effects of an Environmental Management System depending on the company profile and highlight the positive influence of certification on environmental management. It emerges how the EMAS certification is approached more for internal reasons, and therefore gives more internal benefits to companies that implement it. Moreover, the time from which companies have been certified turns out to be a relevant factor for obtaining environmental and organizational benefits connected with EMAS certification.Originality/valueThe recent decrease in EMAS registrations has not been sufficiently studied, leaving unsolved questions for scholars, practitioners and policy-makers. Previous studies used a negativist perspective, identifying the barriers that led to the non-renewal of the certification. The present study aims to focus on the positive factors, which have led still active companies to renew the certification.
The Evolution Of Elucidation: The Snowden Cases Before The Investigatory Powers Tribunal
Authors: Keenan Bernard 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn 2018 the European Court of Human Rights found that the UK's Investigatory Powers Tribunal is an ‘effective remedy’ when it comes to reviewing the compatibility of the UK's domestic legal framework governing the interception of communication and other communications surveillance powers with the requirements of the European Convention on Human Rights. In particular, the Court praised the Tribunal's ‘elucidatory function’, which it performed during a series of cases that arose in the aftermath of Edward Snowden's disclosures in 2013. This article analyses and historicises the elucidatory function by comparing it with previous cases where the High Court and the IPT resolved questions of law arising from similar problems. Using insights derived from systems theory, the article argues that the elucidatory function evolved as a containment measure in response to unexpected crises of control over classified information. The procedure resolves conflicts between secrecy, security, and the publicity required by the law itself.
Application of machine learning to the monitoring and prediction of food safety: A review
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Bouzembrak Yamine , Lansink AGJM Oude , van der Fels‐Klerx H. J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMachine learning (ML) has proven to be a useful technology for data analysis and modeling in a wide variety of domains, including food science and engineering. The use of ML models for the monitoring and prediction of food safety is growing in recent years. Currently, several studies have reviewed ML applications on foodborne disease and deep learning applications on food. This article presents a literature review on ML applications for monitoring and predicting food safety. The paper summarizes and categorizes ML applications in this domain, categorizes and discusses data types used for ML modeling, and provides suggestions for data sources and input variables for future ML applications. The review is based on three scientific literature databases: Scopus, CAB Abstracts, and IEEE. It includes studies that were published in English in the period from January 1, 2011 to April 1, 2021. Results show that most studies applied Bayesian networks, Neural networks, or Support vector machines. Of the various ML models reviewed, all relevant studies showed high prediction accuracy by the validation process. Based on the ML applications, this article identifies several avenues for future studies applying ML models for the monitoring and prediction of food safety, in addition to providing suggestions for data sources and input variables.
Efficacy and safety of anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 in combination with chemotherapy or not as first‐line treatment for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Liming , Yang Yifan , Yu Jiangyong , Zhang Shuai , Li Xu , Wu Xiaonan , Nie Xin , Liu Wenbo , Zhang Ping , Li Yi , Li Ailing , Ai Bin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this network meta‐analysis (NMA) was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors, alone or in combination with chemotherapy, as first‐line treatment for wild‐type advanced non‐small cell lung cancer.MethodsWe systematically searched databases, Clinical Trial.gov and included randomized clinical trials focusing on advanced NSCLC using PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors as first‐line treatment. Hazard ratio for overall survival and progression‐free survival, odds ratio for any‐cause high‐adverse events (grade 3 or higher) were documented according to Bayesian NMA. Subgroup analysis was performed according to PD‐L1 level and histology.ResultsThirteen trials including 9154 patients were included. In the PD‐L1 nonselective cohort, chemotherapy in combination with pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, respectively, were significantly better than any other treatment strategies in both OS benefit (HR = 0.63; HR = 0.85) and PFS benefit (HR = 0.52; HR = 0.63). In subgroup analysis, pembrolizumab appeared to provide the best OS benefit (HR = 0.67) as well as the best PFS benefit (HR = 0.67) in the PD‐L1 ≥ 50% cohort. In contrast, pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy exhibited the best OS benefit in the PD‐L1 < 50% cohort. Furthermore, OS benefit from pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was more obvious in nonsquamous patients (HR = 0.56). Additionally, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was associated with fewer adverse events than other chemotherapy combination strategies.ConclusionsIn the first‐line treatment, chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab or atezolizumab could enhance efficacy compared with chemotherapy alone or other PD‐1/L1‐based treatment strategies, especially in the nonsquamous population. Furthermore, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy guarantees reliable security simultaneously, which may be the optimal treatment strategy for patients with major advanced NSCLC.
“Split” combined subsegmentectomy: A case series
Authors: Hong Ruopeng , Chen Chun , Zheng Wei , Zheng Bin , Xu Chi , Xu Guobing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundClinically, some specific pulmonary nodules have safe resection margins that are located in multiple subsegments in the center of lung lobe. It is therefore difficult to ensure the resection margins through conventional combined subsegmentectomy or wedge resection, and thus lobectomy is required. For these types of pulmonary nodules, “split” operation was performed to fully inflate the reserved lung tissues on both sides. This study aimed to preliminarily assess the feasibility and safety of “split” operation.MethodsCases with these types of pulmonary nodules were selected. Some of the cases were subjected to “split” operation and the operation conditions, including operation time, bleeding amount, length of hospital stay, computed tomography (CT) reexaminations, and pulmonary function, were analyzed.ResultsThe “split” operation was performed and successfully completed for seven patients. There was no case of conversion to thoracotomy and the median operation time, bleeding amount, and length of hospital stay were 219 min, 30.0 ml, and 4 days, respectively. No death or pulmonary complications such as pulmonary infection, lung torsion, and bronchopleural fistula occurred, and only one patient had incision fat liquefaction. After 3 months, the median percentage of preserved pulmonary function was 85.8% and a CT scan showed that the reserved lung tissues of the seven patients were well inflated and without obvious imaging findings of atelectasis.Conclusion“Split” combined subsegmentectomy can be used as a new and safe operative method for deep pulmonary nodules with safe resection margins involving multiple subsegments in the center of the lung lobe.