bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multivariate statistical data analysis of cell‐free protein synthesis toward monitoring and control
Authors: Duran‐Villalobos Carlos A. , Ogonah Olotu , Melinek Beatrice , Bracewell Daniel G. , Hallam Trevor , Lennox Barry 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe optimization and control of cell free protein synthesis (CFPS) presents an ongoing challenge due to the complex synergies and nonlinearities that cannot be fully explained in first principle models. This article explores the use of multivariate statistical tools for analyzing data sets collected from the CFPS of Cereulide monoclonal antibodies. During the collection of these data sets, several of the process parameters were modified to investigate their effect on the end‐point product (yield). Through the application of principal component analysis and partial least squares (PLS), important correlations in the process could be identified. For example, yield had a positive correlation with pH and NH3 and a negative correlation with CO2 and dissolved oxygen. It was also found that PLS was able to provide a long‐term prediction of product yield. The presented work illustrates that multivariate statistical techniques provide important insights that can help support the operation and control of CFPS processes.
Surveillance guidelines for children with trisomy 13
Authors: Kepple Jeffrey W. , Fishler Kristen P. , Peeples Eric S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTrisomy 13 is one of the three most common aneuploidy syndromes in live‐born infants. It is associated with mortality rates as high as 90% within the first year of life, in large part, due to the high prevalence of severe congenital abnormalities that increase mortality and morbidity. However, life‐saving and life‐prolonging medical interventions are being performed at a higher rate for these infants, resulting in increased rates of survival. Although cardiac complications have been well described in infants with trisomy 13, these patients also experience other complications such as respiratory, neurological, genitourinary, abdominal, otolaryngologic, and orthopedic complications that can impact their quality of life. The goal of this review is to present a comprehensive description of complications in children with trisomy 13 to aid in the development of monitoring and treatment guidelines for the increasing number of providers who will be caring for these patients throughout their lives. Where the evidence is available, this review presents screening recommendations to allow for more rapid detection and documentation of these complications.
Cardiovascular risk and midlife cognitive decline in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation
Authors: Derby Carol A. , Hutchins Franya , Greendale Gail A. , Matthews Karen A. , Sternfeld Barbara , Everson‐Rose Susan A. , Kazlauskaite Rasa , Whitmer Rachel A. , Brooks Maria M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionCardiovascular risk factors in midlife have been linked to late life risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). The relation of vascular risk factors on cognitive decline within midlife has been less studied.MethodsUsing data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, we examined associations of midlife hypertension, elevated lipid levels, diabetes, fasting glucose, central adiposity, and Framingham heart age with rates of cognitive decline in women who completed multiple cognitive assessments of processing speed, and working and verbal memory during midlife.ResultsDiabetes, elevated fasting glucose, central obesity, and heart age greater than chronological age were associated with rate of decline in processing speed during midlife. Vascular risk factors were not related to rate of decline in working or verbal memory.DiscussionMidlife may be a critical period for intervening on cardiovascular risk factors to prevent or delay later life cognitive impairment and ADRD.
Structure Sensitivity of Au‐TiO2 Strong Metal–Support Interactions
Authors: Zhang Yunshang , Liu Jin‐Xun , Qian Kun , Jia Aiping , Li Dan , Shi Lei , Hu Jun , Zhu Junfa , Huang Weixin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStrong metal–support interactions (SMSI) is an important concept in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we demonstrate that the Au‐TiO2 SMSI of Au/TiO2 catalysts sensitively depends on both Au nanoparticle (NP) sizes and TiO2 facets. Au NPs of ca. 5 nm are more facile undergo Au‐TiO2 SMSI than those of ca. 2 nm, while TiO2 {001} and {100} facets are more facile than TiO2{101} facets. The resulting capsulating TiO2−x overlayers on Au NPs exhibit an average oxidation state between +3 and +4 and a Au‐to‐TiO2−x charge transfer, which, combined with calculations, determines the Ti:O ratio as ca. 6:11. Both TiO2−x overlayers and TiO2−x‐Au interface exhibit easier lattice oxygen activation and higher intrinsic activity in catalyzing low‐temperature CO oxidation than the starting Au‐TiO2 interface. These results advance fundamental understanding of SMSI and demonstrate engineering of metal NP size and oxide facet as an effective strategy to tune the SMSI for efficient catalysis.
Effect of chain extender on the morphology, thermal, viscoelastic, and dielectric behavior of soybean polyurethane
Authors: Favero Diana , Marcon Victória , Figueroa Carlos A. , Gómez Clara M. , Cros Ana , Garro Nuria , Sanchis Maria J. , Carsí Marta , Bianchi Otávio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe objective of this work was to determine the influence of different chain extenders (CEs) on the morphology, thermal, viscoelastic, and dielectric properties of soybean polyurethane (PU). The PU with ethane‐1.2‐diol showed a more organized structure, which was attributed to the smaller amount of methylene groups (CH2) and the shorter distance between the hydrogen bonds. While, PUs with dipropylene glycol, the free volume increased due to the less effective interactions formed between the hard and soft domains. The α, β, and γ transitions dipolar by conductive process, are probably associated with (a) local motions of the main chain, (b) the smaller groups rotation motions in the fatty acid chains in the soft phase, and (c) the CH2 group rotation motion in the amorphous region. The phase‐separated morphology is most evident at high temperatures due to the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars interfacial polarization process.
Chiral Detection with Coordination Polymers
Authors: Thoonen Shannon , Hua Carol 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoordination polymers and metal‐organic frameworks are prime candidates for general chemical sensing, but the use of these porous materials as chiral probes is still an emerging field. In the last decade, they have found application in a range of chiral analysis methods, including liquid‐ and gas‐phase chromatography, circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence sensing, and NMR spectroscopy. In this minireview, we examine recent works on coordination polymers as chiral sensors and their enantioselective host‐guest chemistry, while highlighting their potential for application in different settings.
Population‐based analysis of perioperative chemotherapy use, interventions requiring hospitalization and atheroembolic events among patients with non‐metastatic muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Benidir Tarik , Herrera‐Caceres Jaime , Wallis Christopher , Lajkosz Katherine , Fleshner Neil 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionUtilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is increasingly recognized as standard of care but trends of use in Ontario remain unknown. Currently, there remains knowledge gaps regarding the effects of perioperative chemotherapy on the rates of interventions requiring hospitalization (IRH) and atheroembolic events (ATEs).MethodsWe conducted a population‐based retrospective study within the province of Ontario over 16 years. Patients with non‐metastatic MIBC receiving surgery only or planned for perioperative chemotherapy were included. Primary outcomes included 2‐year IRH and ATE rates. Univariate/multivariate analysis was used to identify predictors associated with IRHs and ATEs. Cochrane‐Armitage was used to assess treatment trends over time.ResultsOur study included 3281 patients. RC alone occurred in 2030 (60.9%), NC in 974 (29.6%) and adjuvant chemotherapy in 8.4% (n = 277). A total of 490/974 (50.3%) patients whom initiated NC with RC intent failed to undergo RC. This improved to 20.5% by 2015 (p < 0.001). Use of NC increased by an absolute value of 33% (p < 0.001). Overall, 4.2% of patients experienced IRHs and 11.5% ATEs. On multivariate analysis, advanced age and Charlson index score (CI) were strong predictors of outcomes, not timing of perioperative chemotherapy (p < 0.05.)ConclusionA total of 29.6% of MIBC patients are planned for NC with 20.5% not progressing to their surgery. Use of NC has substantially increased over time. IRHs and ATEs remain stubbornly high at 4.2% and 11.5% respectively. Older age and higher CI scores are the strongest predictors of IRHs and ATEs (p < 0.05), not perioperative chemotherapy.
Longibramides A–E, Peptaibols Isolated from a Mushroom Derived Fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai DMG‐3‐1‐1
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Hua , Yang Jiewei , Ma Hao , Yang Yu , Zhou Guo‐Feng , Zhao Xue , Xu Rui , Nie Dan , Zhang Guo‐Gang , Shan Jun‐Jie , Cui Cheng‐Bin , Li Chang‐Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFive new peptaibols, longibramides A–E (1–5) with 11 amino acid residues, were isolated from a fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai DMG‐3‐1‐1, which was isolated from a mushroom Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch) P. Kumm collected from coniferous forest in the subboreal area of northeast China. The structures of longibramides A–E were determined by their spectroscopic data (NMR and MS‐MS spectra), their absolute configurations were determined by X‐ray diffractions and Marfey's analyses. The X‐ray diffractions of longibramides A, B, and the similar CD spectra of A–E showed that they all had α‐helix conformations. Longibramides B and E showed moderate cytotoxicities against BV2 and MCF‐7 cells and also showed some inhibitory effects against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA T144. L‐trans‐Hyp was not commonly found in natural peptaibols, which was the 6th or 10th amino acid residue in longibramides C–E. The X‐ray diffractions of longibramides A and B afforded the accuracy conformations of their secondary structures, which maybe help to interpret the structure‐activity relationships of the family of peptaibols in the future.
High‐Performance Ytterbium‐Doped V2O5 ⋅ H2O Binder‐Free Thin‐Film Electrodes for Supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Shu , Cen Yuan , Hu Bingbing , Xu Chuanlan , Li Yan , Yu Jingjing , Hu Bihao , Meng Jiazhi , Yu Danmei , Chen Changguo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work, honeycomb‐like Yb‐doped V2O5 ⋅ nH2O binder‐free thin film electrodes are synthesized via a simple and convenient sol‐gel method. Benefiting from the synergy of V2O5 ⋅ nH2O and rare‐earth metal ion Yb3+, thin‐layer honeycomb‐like morphology formed upon the introduction of Yb3+ into the V2O5 ⋅ nH2O, which markedly promotes the electrochemical performance of the V2O5 ⋅ H2O thin‐film electrode. After the condition optimization, 8 % Yb−V2O5 ⋅ H2O exhibits superior electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 703 F g−1 (at 1 A g−1) and outstanding cycling stability. Besides, owing to the ultra‐high conductivity of oxide super‐P (OSP) nanoparticles, the V2O5 ⋅ H2O@OSP‐4 binder‐free film electrode shows a high specific capacitance of 627 F g−1, which was prepared by the same simple sol‐gel strategy. The assembled 8 % Yb−V2O5 ⋅ nH2O//V2O5 ⋅ nH2O@OSP‐4 device delivers a high specific energy density and excellent cycling stability. This study may have certain inspirations for the fabrication of thin‐film electrodes for high‐efficiency energy storage systems.
Chiral Biobased Ionic Liquids with Cations or Anions including Bile Acid Building Blocks as Chiral Selectors in Voltammetry
Authors: Grecchi Sara , Ferdeghini Claudio , Longhi Mariangela , Mezzetta Andrea , Guazzelli Lorenzo , Khawthong Siriwat , Arduini Fabiana , Chiappe Cinzia , Iuliano Anna , Mussini Patrizia Romana 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChiral ionic liquids (CILs), or ionic liquids (ILs) with chiral additives, are very attractive chiral media for enantioselective electroanalysis, on account of their high chiral structural order at the electrochemical interphase. A family of molecular salts with CIL properties is now introduced, based on the chiral steroid building block of deoxycholic acid implemented either in the anion or cation. Testing them as chiral additives in a commercial achiral IL, they enable voltammetric discrimination of the enantiomers of a model chiral probe on disposable screen‐printed electrodes in terms of peak potential differences, which is the most desirable transduction mode of the enantiorecognition event. The probe enantiomer sequence is the same for all selectors, consistent with their sharing the same chiral building block configuration. This proof‐of‐concept widens the application fields of bile acid derivatives as chiral selectors, while also enriching the still very few CIL families so far explored for applications in chiral electroanalysis.
Electrochemically Induced Generation of Extraneous Nitrite and Ammonia in Organic Electrolyte Solutions During Nitrogen Reduction Experiments
Authors: Hodgetts Rebecca Y. , Du Hoang‐Long , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Simonov Alexandr N. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOxidised nitrogen species (NOx) are recognised as a major source of false‐positive nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) results. Even when addressed, NOx are commonly eradicated at the initial stages of the experiment only. The present work demonstrates the shortcomings of this approach through a scrutiny of the evolution of NH3, NO2− and NO3− during the reduction of N2‐saturated acetonitrile solutions with an Fe‐modified electrode. Notwithstanding, thorough purification of the experimental setup, persistent evolution of NO2− during electroreduction was detected in solution and attributed to the pH increase at the electrode surface inducing the release of strongly adsorbed adventitious nitrite. This species could be then reduced to NH3, while the rate of the NRR was unmeasurably low, as confirmed by 15N2 reduction experiments. This effect of the electrochemically induced changes in pH has not been previously discussed in nonaqueous NRR, which is arguably the only effective means for the N2 electroreduction to NH3. This work also demonstrates that CH3CN might present a suitable solvent for the NRR if a genuinely active catalyst that operates at reasonable overpotentials becomes available.
Development of Single‐Stranded DNA Bisintercalating Inhibitors of Primase DnaG as Antibiotics
Authors: Green Keith D. , Punetha Ankita , Chandrika Nishad Thamban , Hou Caixia , Garneau‐Tsodikova Sylvie , Tsodikov Oleg V. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMany essential enzymes in bacteria remain promising potential targets of antibacterial agents. In this study, we discovered that dequalinium, a topical antibacterial agent, is an inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus primase DnaG (SaDnaG) with low‐micromolar minimum inhibitory concentrations against several S. aureus strains, including methicillin‐resistant bacteria. Mechanistic studies of dequalinium and a series of nine of its synthesized analogues revealed that these compounds are single‐stranded DNA bisintercalators that penetrate a bacterium by compromising its membrane. The best compound of this series likely interacts with DnaG directly, inhibits both staphylococcal cell growth and biofilm formation, and displays no significant hemolytic activity or toxicity to mammalian cells. This compound is an excellent lead for further development of a novel anti‐staphylococcal therapeutic.
Careful Placement Allows Manure to Replace Starter Phosphorus in Corn
Authors: Sever Megan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMost crops in northern climates benefit from a boost from phosphorus to get started. Previous studies have looked into whether manure could replace mineral phosphorus starter fertilizer in corn, but results have been iffy on how exactly to do this. Some research has even indicated manure can be detrimental to corn roots and growth. A new article published in Agronomy Journal confirms that manure can replace starter phosphorus fertilizer in corn, but farmers must be careful in where and how it’s applied. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Nutrient Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at www.certifiedcropadviser.org/education/classroom/classes/944.
Roles of Fast‐Ion Conductor LiTaO3 Modifying Ni‐rich Cathode Material for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Su Yuefeng , Chen Gang , Chen Lai , Shi Qi , Lv Zhao , Lu Yun , Bao Liying , Li Ning , Chen Shi , Wu Feng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLimited cycling stability hampers the commercial application of Ni‐rich materials, which are regarded as one of the most promising cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries. Ni‐rich LiNi0.9Co0.06Mn0.04O2 layered cathode was modified with different amounts of LiTaO3, and the influences of fast‐ion conductor material on cathode materials were explored. Detailed analysis of the materials revealed the formation of a uniformly epitaxial LiTaO3 coating layer and a little Ta5+ doping into the lattice structure of Ni‐rich materials. The coating‐layer thickness increased with the amount of LiTaO3 added, protecting the electrode from erosion by electrolyte and suppressing undesired parasitic reactions on the cathode‐electrolyte interface. Meanwhile, the doped Ta5+ increased the interplanar spacing of materials, accelerating Li+ transfer. Using the positive synergistic effects of LiTaO3‐coating and Ta5+‐doping, improved capacity retentions of the modified materials, especially for 0.25 and 0.5 wt%‐coated Ni‐rich materials, were obtained after long‐term cycling, showing the potential applications of LiTaO3 modification. Further, the relations between one excessively thick coating layer and transfer of Li+/electron between the cathode and electrolyte was established, proving that very thick coating layers, even layers containing Li ions, have adverse effects on electrochemical performances. This finding may help to understand the roles of the coating layer better.
Alopecia areata—New updates with long‐term use of JAK inhibitors
Authors: Nguyen Cristina , Atanaskova Mesinkovska Natasha 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition of multifactorial etiology that affects about 2% of the general population. It is a disease leading to significant emotional and psychosocial distress. There are very limited treatment options available for AA with no therapy demonstrating sustained remission long term. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of AA have led to the development of novel molecularly targeted treatments such as the Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors. Evidence suggests that JAK inhibitors may be broadly useful in dermatology with promising developments in open‐label clinical trials for AA. Here, the results of long‐term use of JAK inhibitors are reviewed and discussed for moderate‐to‐severe AA.
Physical exercise‐related endophenotypes in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Di Lodovico Laura , Hatteea Hanna , Couton Céline , Duriez Philibert , Treasure Janet , Gorwood Philip 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe persistence of physical exercise in anorexia nervosa (AN) despite underweight and its maintaining factors are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes toward physical exercise and its effects on emotions, cognitive functioning, and body image perception in patients with AN, and to search for exercise‐related endophenotypes of the pathology.MethodsPhysical exercise dependence, quantity, and dysregulation were assessed by the Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS), the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) and a standardized effort test in 88 patients with AN, 30 unaffected relatives and 89 healthy controls. Changes in positive and negative affect, cognitive rigidity, and body image distortion were measured before and after the effort test in the three groups.ResultsPatients with AN had higher scores on the EDS and the GLTEQ and used more effort in the standardized effort test. These three measures of physical exercise correlated with negative emotions at baseline. After the effort test, patients with AN had marked emotional improvement, a moderate increase in body image distortion and a small increase in cognitive rigidity compared to HC. Unaffected relatives also had a significant postexercise increase of positive emotion.DiscussionThe mood‐related drive for physical exercise has the characteristics of an endophenotype of the disorder. Excessive and driven physical exercise may be state‐associated features of AN, driven by the positive effect on emotional wellbeing.
Environmental conditions but not nest composition affect reproductive success in an urban bird
Authors: Capilla‐Lasheras Pablo , Bondía Blanca , Aguirre José I. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAdjusting the composition of their nests, breeding birds can influence the environmental conditions that eggs and offspring experience. Birds often use feathers to build nests, presumably due to their insulating properties. The amount of feathers in nests is often associated with increased nestling survival and body condition. However, it is unclear whether these putative beneficial effects of adding feathers to nests are relevant in a wide range of environmental conditions. Here, we combine data on weather conditions and feathers in nests (i.e., nest composition) to investigate their relative contribution to reproductive success in the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus). Specifically, we investigate whether the effect of weather conditions on breeding success is modulated by the amount of feathers added to the nest. We found a strong negative effect of rainfall on the number of nestlings that successfully fledged per breeding attempt, but this negative effect was not mitigated by the amount of feathers in nests. We also found that the amount of feathers in nests varied along the breeding season, with nests containing more feathers early in the breeding season, when temperatures were lower. Despite considerable variation in nest composition, our results do not suggest an important role of feathers in nests protecting eggs or nestling tree sparrows against fluctuations in environmental conditions.