bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental perspective and feeding practices effects on food neophobia in elementary school children in San Luis Obispo County
Authors: Ayoughi Farnoosh , Handley Maria , Garza Jeff , Amin Samir , Volpe Richard , Lammert Amy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFood neophobia in children is associated with less consumption of fruit and vegetable (FV). Food neophobia (FN) in children can be influenced by parents and their parental feeding practices. The present study examines the relationship between FN and fruit and vegetable neophobia (FVN) among: (a) parents, (b) parents‐reports on child's behavior, and (c) child self‐reports. The effect of parental feeding practices on child's FN and FVN were also studied. Parents paired with their children (6–12 years) participated in this study. Parents reported their children more neophobic than children who self‐reported, and the association was significant (r = .62, p < .05). FVN were positively correlated with FN in both parents and children. Hispanic and parents without a college degree reported higher levels of restriction for weight control. More pressure to eat was applied for younger children (p < .05). Pressuring children to eat increased their levels of FN and FVN as reported by parents.Practical applicationsThis study gives parents/guardians an insight on how their feeding strategies can influence the food consumption balance of their children. Parents can promote their children's eating habits toward consuming more fruit and vegetable by avoiding pressure while encouraging their children to have a more dietary variety.
Habitat specificity drives differences in space‐use patterns of multiple mesocarnivores in an agroecosystem
Authors: Katna A. , Kulkarni A. , Thaker M. , Vanak A. T. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSpace‐use patterns of animals are a fundamental measure of resource requirements and constraints. In some human‐modified landscapes, especially agroecosystems that depend on both rainfall and irrigation, drivers that influence animal space use can show unexpected spatial and temporal patterns due to anthropogenic activities. Animals living in such landscapes are expected to respond to changes in their environment by altering home‐range sizes and habitat selection at multiple scales. We used movement data from a guild of mesocarnivores to determine how home‐range size and habitat selection differ across species and seasons in a complex agroecosystem in Central India. Based on high‐resolution location data from golden jackals (Canis aureus), jungle cats (Felis chaus), and Indian foxes (Vulpes bengalensis) over a period of ~3 years, we found that home‐range sizes scaled with body mass as expected, with high intra‐species variability. Seasonal home ranges of golden jackals, jungle cats, and Indian foxes varied from 3.1 to 23.7 (mean = 12.3 ± 1.6), 1.01 to 26.48 (mean = 5.9 ± 0.9), and 1.16 to 10.71 (mean = 4.3 ± 0.5) km2, respectively. Contrary to expectations, home‐range size did not vary significantly with season, suggesting that agricultural activities may dampen typical seasonal variations in resource availability and distribution. Site fidelity in seasonal home ranges for golden jackals, jungle cats, and Indian foxes was high (seasonal overlaps = 0.94 ± 0.01, 0.89 ± 0.02 and 0.81 ± 0.03, respectively). We also found that the habitat specialist Indian fox primarily selected for remnant native grasslands and plantations, whereas the generalist golden jackal and jungle cat selected more human‐modified land cover types at both the landscape and home‐range scales. This study highlights the importance of maintaining natural habitats within production landscapes, especially for habitat specialists, which are more constrained in their requirements than generalist species.
Genomic signatures of parallel alpine adaptation in recently evolved flightless insects
Authors: McCulloch Graham A. , Guhlin Joseph , Dutoit Ludovic , Harrop Thomas W. R. , Dearden Peter K. , Waters Jonathan M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNatural selection along elevational gradients has potential to drive predictable adaptations across distinct lineages, but the extent of such repeated evolution remains poorly studied for many widespread alpine taxa. We present parallel genomic analyses of two recently evolved flightless alpine insect lineages to test for molecular signatures of repeated alpine adaptation. Specifically, we compare low‐elevation vs. alpine stonefly ecotypes from parallel stream populations in which flightless upland ecotypes have been independently derived. We map 67,922 polymorphic genetic markers, generated across 176Zelandoperla fenestrataspecimens from two independent alpine stream populations in New Zealand's Rock and Pillar Range, to a newly developed plecopteran reference genome. Genome‐wide scans revealed 31 regions with outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) differentiating lowland vs. alpine ecotypes in Lug Creek, and 37 regions with outliers differentiating ecotypes in Six Mile Creek. Of these regions, 13% (8/60) yielded outlier SNPs across both within‐stream ecotype comparisons, implying comparable genomic shifts contribute to this repeated alpine adaptation. Candidate genes closely linked to repeated outlier regions include several with documented roles in insect wing‐development (e.g.,dishevelled), suggesting that they may contribute to repeated alpine wing reduction. Additional candidate genes have been shown to influence insect fecundity (e.g.,ovo) and lifespan (e.g.,Mrp4), implying that they might contribute to life history differentiation between upland and lowland ecotypes. Additional outlier genes have potential roles in the evolution of reproductive isolation among ecotypes (hedgehogandDesaturase1). These results demonstrate how replicated outlier tests across independent lineages can potentially contribute to the discovery of genes underpinning repeated adaptation.
Noncontact deflection measurement for bridge through a multi‐UAVs system
Authors: Zhuge Sheng , Xu Xiangpeng , Zhong Lijun , Gan Shuwei , Lin Bin , Yang Xia , Zhang Xiaohu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeflection measurement is the research focus of health monitoring for bridges during the operation period. This study develops a contactless measurement technique to monitor the bridge deflection, leveraging visual information from a team of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). On the basis of the collinearity of the laser spots projected on the plane by the coplanar laser indicator, we can eliminate the motion of UAV, and calculate the vertical displacement of the position to be measured relative to the bridge pier. In the proposed method, the center of the laser spot is extracted through a method based on deep learning, and an algorithm based on scale‐invariant features registration was developed to track the feature points of the bridge in the image sequence. According to the algorithm, we demonstrate the accuracy and feasibility of our approach through simulation and simulated bridge experiments. The result shows that the root mean squared error (RMSE) of measurement through our technique is less than 0.5 mm in the laboratory conditions. In addition, the limits and scalability of the presented method have been explored through a field experiment.
United European Gastroenterology (UEG) and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) consensus on functional dyspepsia
Authors: Wauters Lucas , Dickman Ram , Drug Vasile , Mulak Agata , Serra Jordi , Enck Paul , Tack Jan ,   ESNM FD Consensus Group, Accarino Anna , Barbara Giovanni , Bor Serhat , Coffin Benoit , Corsetti Maura , De Schepper Heiko , Dumitrascu Dan , Farmer Adam , Gourcerol Guillaume , Hauser Goran , Hausken Trygve , Karamanolis George , Keszthelyi Daniel , Malagelada Carolin , Milosavljevic Tomislav , Muris Jean , O’Morain Colm , Papathanasopoulos Athanassos , Pohl Daniel , Rumyantseva Diana , Sarnelli Giovanni , Savarino Edoardo , Schol Jolien , Sheptulin Arkady , Smet Annemieke , Stengel Andreas , Storonova Olga , Storr Martin , Törnblom Hans , Vanuytsel Tim , Velosa Monica , Waluga Marek , Zarate Natalia , Zerbib Frank 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundFunctional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common conditions in clinical practice. In spite of its prevalence, FD is associated with major uncertainties in terms of its definition, underlying pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.MethodsA Delphi consensus was initiated with 41 experts from 22 European countries who conducted a literature summary and voting process on 87 statements. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Consensus (defined as >80% agreement) was reached for 36 statements.ResultsThe panel agreed with the definition in terms of its cardinal symptoms (early satiation, postprandial fullness, epigastric pain, and epigastric burning), its subdivision into epigastric pain syndrome and postprandial distress syndrome, and the presence of accessory symptoms (upper abdominal bloating, nausea, belching), and overlapping conditions. Also, well accepted are the female predominance of FD, its impact on quality of life and health costs, and acute gastrointestinal infections, and anxiety as risk factors. In terms of pathophysiological mechanisms, the consensus supports a role for impaired gastric accommodation, delayed gastric emptying, hypersensitivity to gastric distention, Helicobacter pylori infection, and altered central processing of signals from the gastroduodenal region. There is consensus that endoscopy is mandatory for establishing a firm diagnosis of FD, but that in primary care, patients without alarm symptoms or risk factors can be managed without endoscopy. There is consensus that H. pylori status should be determined in every patient with dyspeptic symptoms and H. pylori positive patients should receive eradication therapy. Also, proton pump inhibitor therapy is considered an effective therapy for FD, but no other treatment approach reached a consensus. The long‐term prognosis and life expectancy are favorable.Conclusions and InferencesA multinational group of European experts summarized the current state of consensus on the definition, diagnosis and management of FD.
Detecting a viewer’s familiarity with a face: Evidence from event‐related brain potentials and classifier analyses
Authors: Wiese Holger , Anderson Dasha , Beierholm Ulrik , Tüttenberg Simone C. , Young Andrew W. , Burton A. Mike 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHuman observers recognize the faces of people they know efficiently and without apparent effort. Consequently, recognizing a familiar face is often assumed to be an automatic process beyond voluntary control. However, there are circumstances in which a person might seek to hide their recognition of a particular face. The present study therefore used event‐related potentials (ERPs) and a classifier based on logistic regression to determine if it is possible to detect whether a viewer is familiar with a particular face, regardless of whether the participant is willing to acknowledge it or not. In three experiments, participants were presented with highly variable “ambient” images of personally familiar and unfamiliar faces, while performing an incidental butterfly detection task (Experiment 1), an explicit familiarity judgment task (Experiment 2), and a concealed familiarity task in which they were asked to deny familiarity with one truly known facial identity while acknowledging familiarity with a second known identity (Experiment 3). In all three experiments, we observed substantially more negative ERP amplitudes at occipito‐temporal electrodes for familiar relative to unfamiliar faces starting approximately 200 ms after stimulus onset. Both the earlier N250 familiarity effect, reflecting visual recognition of a known face, and the later sustained familiarity effect, reflecting the integration of visual with additional identity‐specific information, were similar across experiments and thus independent of task demands. These results were further supported by the classifier analysis. We conclude that ERP correlates of familiar face recognition are largely independent of voluntary control and discuss potential applications in forensic settings.
The theology of GPT‐2: Religion and artificial intelligence
Authors: Reed Randall 
Published: September 2021

AbstractArtificial intelligence is an increasingly present part of our world. This article outlines connections between religion and artificial intelligence, looking at the development of A.I. and its current state, including the issues of ethics and bias that are currently under discussion in A.I. research. Looking forward to the future, the article addresses the way that perspectives and scholarship in Religious Studies are already, and will continue to be, relevant in making sense of possible developments of A.I. into Artificial General Intelligence. Finally, the article examines GPT‐2, a text generating A.I., looking at the way such an artificial intelligence might apprehend religion and what that tells us about religion and A.I.
Foreign exchange interventions under a minimum exchange rate regime and the Swiss franc
Authors: Hertrich Markus 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a structural model is proposed that allows monetary authorities to determine the size of foreign exchange market interventions that are expected to be necessary to implement a minimum exchange rate regime. An empirical application of the proposed model to the minimum exchange rate regime that the Swiss National Bank (SNB) implemented vis‐à‐vis the euro from September 2011 to January 2015 reveals that it is well suited to explain the actual size of these interventions and that, in January 2015, the SNB’s euro purchases might have been large without the abandonment of the minimum exchange rate regime, which is consistent with the official statements of the SNB in the aftermath of that episode.
Exceptional Hahn and Jacobi polynomials with an arbitrary number of continuous parameters
Authors: Durán Antonio J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe construct new examples of exceptional Hahn and Jacobi polynomials. Exceptional polynomials are orthogonal polynomials with respect to a measure which are also eigenfunctions of a second‐order difference or differential operator. In mathematical physics, they allow the explicit computation of bound states of rational extensions of classical quantum‐mechanical potentials. The most apparent difference between classical or classical discrete orthogonal polynomials and their exceptional counterparts is that the exceptional families have gaps in their degrees, in the sense that not all degrees are present in the sequence of polynomials. The new examples have the novelty that they depend on an arbitrary number of continuous parameters.
Oral and cephalometric study in Brazilian Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome patients
Authors: Martins Fabiana , Roussen Ana Clelia , Rezende Nathalie , Hiraoka Cybelle , Zamunaro Marcelo , Gallottini Marina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe a detailed investigation of craniofacial and dental characteristics in a group of Brazilian Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS) patients.Methods and resultsThirteen RSTS patients treated in a special care dental clinic after 10 years were studied. Panoramic radiographs were obtained from all patients, and cephalometric analysis was performed in eight patients. Five male and eight white female patients with a median age of 11.7 years were analyzed. All the RSTS patients were mouth breathers and presented malocclusion, transverse hypoplastic maxilla, nine subjects (9/13; 69.2%) had posterior crossbite, and eight (61.53%) exhibited talon cusps. Most patients presented class II skeletal pattern and were brachycephalic. Regarding systemic disorders, one patient (7.69%) reported seizure episodes during childhood, and four patients (30.76%) presented heart valve disorders. All patients presented reduced attention span, low intolerance to dental interventions, impulsiveness, and irritability.ConclusionsSince RSTS exhibits oral and skeletal changes, early dental treatment is essential for these patients. Dentists must be aware of medical problems related to heart disease and persist in conditioning techniques to obtain cooperation and avoid dental care under general anesthesia.
Sequential change point tests based on U‐statistics
Authors: Kirch Claudia , Stoehr Christina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe propose a general framework of sequential testing procedures based on U‐statistics which contains as an example a sequential CUSUM test based on differences in mean but also includes a robust sequential Wilcoxon change point procedure. Within this framework, we consider several monitoring schemes that take different observations into account to make a decision at a given time point. Unlike the originally proposed scheme that takes all observations of the monitoring period into account, we also consider a modified moving‐sum‐version as well as a version of a Page‐monitoring scheme. The latter behave almost as good for early changes while being advantageous for later changes. For all proposed procedures we provide the limit distribution under the null hypothesis of no change which yields the threshold to control the global false alarm rate asymptotically. Furthermore, we show that the proposed tests have asymptotic power one. In a simulation study we compare the performance of the sequential procedures via their empirical size, power and detection delay, which is further illustrated by means of a temperature data set.
Innovating digitally: The new texture of practices in Agriculture 4.0
Authors: Lioutas Evagelos D. , Charatsari Chrysanthi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis research aimed to identify the practices used by actors while innovating digitally in the field of agriculture. We also attempted to depict if and how they experience disruptions associated with the emergence of digital technologies. A qualitative research design permitted us to uncover that work‐ and system‐related disruptions follow the process of agricultural digitalisation. The study also indicated that innovating digitally is a collective process in which, however, some actors independently attempt to elevate their positions through weaving, that is, engaging in networking practices. On the other hand, despite their intense efforts to promote these technologies to farmers, innovation brokers, technology providers and researchers are not actively involved in the process of co‐creating value for and with farmers. We conclude by arguing that digital technologies are not scope‐neutral devices and by pointing out the need for redefining what responsibility means, what agricultural digitalisation research should stand upon and what it should stand for.
Protective effect of house screening against indoor Aedes aegypti in Mérida, Mexico: A cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Manrique‐Saide Pablo , Herrera‐Bojórquez Josué , Villegas‐Chim Josué , Puerta‐Guardo Henry , Ayora‐Talavera Guadalupe , Parra‐Cardeña Manuel , Medina‐Barreiro Anuar , Ramírez‐Medina Marypaz , Chi‐Ku Aylin , Trujillo‐Peña Emilio , Méndez‐Vales Rosa E. , Delfín‐González Hugo , Toledo‐Romaní María E. , Bazzani Roberto , Bolio‐Arceo Edgardo , Gómez‐Dantés Hector , Che‐Mendoza Azael , Pavía‐Ruz Norma , Kirstein Oscar D. , Vazquez‐Prokopec Gonzalo M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the protective effect of house screening (HS) on indoor Aedes aegypti infestation, abundance and arboviral infection in Merida, Mexico.MethodsIn 2019, we performed a cluster randomised controlled trial (6 control and 6 intervention areas: 100 households/area). Intervention clusters received permanently fixed fiberglass HS on all windows and doors. The study included two cross‐sectional entomologic surveys, one baseline (dry season in May 2019) and one post‐intervention (PI, rainy season between September and October 2019). The presence and number of indoor Aedes females and blood‐fed females (indoor mosquito infestation) as well as arboviral infections with dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses were evaluated in a subsample of 30 houses within each cluster.ResultsHS houses had significantly lower risk for having Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes (odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, 95% CI 0.33–0.97, p = 0.04) and blood‐fed females (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.28–0.97, p = 0.04) than unscreened households from the control arm. Compared to control houses, HS houses had significantly lower indoor Ae. aegypti abundance (rate ratio [RR] = 0.50, 95% CI 0.30–0.83, p = 0.01), blood‐fed Ae. aegypti females (RR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.27–0.85, p = 0.01) and female Ae. aegypti positive for arboviruses (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.10–0.86, p = 0.02). The estimated intervention efficacy in reducing Ae. aegypti arbovirus infection was 71%.ConclusionsThese results provide evidence supporting the use of HS as an effective pesticide‐free method to control house infestations with Aedes aegypti and reduce the transmission of Aedes‐transmitted viruses such as DENV, chikungunya (CHIKV) and ZIKV.
The Euscaphis japonica genome and the evolution of malvids
Authors: Sun Wei‐Hong , Li Zhen , Xiang Shuang , Ni Lin , Zhang Diyang , Chen De‐Qiang , Qiu Meng‐Yuan , Zhang Qi‐Gong , Xiao Lin , Din Le , Li Yifan , Liao Xing‐Yu , Liu Xue‐Die , Jiang Yu‐Ting , Zhang Pei‐Lan , Ni Hui , Wang Yifan , Yue Yi‐Xun , Wu Xi , Din Xiang‐Qing , Huang Wei , Wang Zhi‐Wen , Ma Xiaokai , Liu Bobin , Zou Xiao‐Xing , Van de Peer Yves , Liu Zhong‐Jian , Zou Shuang‐Quan 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYMalvids is one of the largest clades of rosids, includes 58 families and exhibits remarkable morphological and ecological diversity. Here, we report a high‐quality chromosome‐level genome assembly for Euscaphis japonica, an early‐diverging species within malvids. Genome‐based phylogenetic analysis suggests that the unstable phylogenetic position of E. japonica may result from incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization event during the diversification of the ancestral population of malvids. Euscaphis japonica experienced two polyploidization events: the ancient whole genome triplication event shared with most eudicots (commonly known as the γ event) and a more recent whole genome duplication event, unique to E. japonica. By resequencing 101 samples from 11 populations, we speculate that the temperature has led to the differentiation of the evergreen and deciduous of E. japonica and the completely different population histories of these two groups. In total, 1012 candidate positively selected genes in the evergreen were detected, some of which are involved in flower and fruit development. We found that reddening and dehiscence of the E. japonica pericarp and long fruit‐hanging time promoted the reproduction of E. japonica populations, and revealed the expression patterns of genes related to fruit reddening, dehiscence and abscission. The key genes involved in pentacyclic triterpene synthesis in E. japonica were identified, and different expression patterns of these genes may contribute to pentacyclic triterpene diversification. Our work sheds light on the evolution of E. japonica and malvids, particularly on the diversification of E. japonica and the genetic basis for their fruit dehiscence and abscission.