bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ Experiences of Blood Sample Collection from Children: A Qualitative Study from Swedish Paediatric Hospital Care
Authors: Hjelmgren Henrik , Ygge Britt-Marie , Nordlund Björn , Andersson Nina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Blood sampling collections are necessary and important for diagnosis and treatment in paediatric hospital care. Nurses play an active role in helping the children with the blood sampling experience. Unfortunately, the blood sampling collection procedure is often affected by pre-analytical errors, leading to consequences such as delayed diagnosis, treatment and hospital stay, as well as repeated sampling. Moreover, children state that needle procedures are the worst experience of their hospital stay. Nurses working in children’s hospitals are responsible for conducting most of the needle related procedures but their experience of errors occurring during blood sample collection is unknown. The aim of this study therefore was to describe paediatric nurses’ experiences of blood sampling collections from children. Method: We used a qualitative study design with a (reflexive) thematic analysis (TA) method. Three focus group interviews were conducted, with 19 nurses from Sweden working at two different paediatric hospitals, focusing on their experiences of the blood sample collection procedure. Results: From the three focus group interviews we analysed patterns and meanings of the following themes: Paediatric blood sampling is a challenge for the nurses, Nurses’ feelings of frustration with unsuccessful samplings, Nurses believe in team work, Venous blood sampling was experienced as the best option, and Nurses’ thoughts and needs regarding skills development in paediatric blood sampling. Conclusion: The narrative results of this study illustrate that nurses working in paediatric hospital care face a big challenge in blood sampling collection from children. The nurses felt frustrated due to unsuccessful blood samplings and frequently could not understand why pre-analytical errors occurred. Nevertheless, they felt strengthened by colleagues in their team and shared feelings of responsibility to help each other with this complex procedure. The implications of this study are that paediatric hospital care needs to focus on improving guidelines for and increasing competence in blood sampling children and helping nurses to understand why samplings may be unsuccessful and how this can be avoided.
Somatic Genomic Defects And Tumor Progression In NF1-associated Tumors&nbsp;
Authors: Wu-Chou Yah-Huei , Hung Tzu-Chao , Lin Yin-Ting , Lin Chih-Hung , Yu Chung-Chih , Huang Shih-Chiang , Chen Kuo-Ting , Chen Yu-Ray 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common inherited tumor predisposition syndrome. Many genetic and biochemical evidences considered NF1 gene as a tumor suppressor gene that inactivation of both NF1 alleles would lead to tumorigenesis. However, the clinical evaluation and early detection of malignant transformation from plexiform neurofibromas is often challenging. Methods: We used Affymetrix’s OncoScan FFPE Assay to record copy number gains and losses of common cancer genes in 24 NF1-associated tumors and compared with their NF1 mutation status. In addition, we carried out immunohistochemical studies of NF1, SUZ12 and H3K27me3 to evaluate gene expression in NF1-associated tumors to elucidate their potential roles during neurofibromatosis.Results: The most common Copy number alterations (CNAs) identified in this study were copy number loss (bi-allelic loss) of NF1 (N=8) and SUZ12 (N=7). Many concurrent alterations of both NF1 and SUZ12 were also observed in these NF1-associated tumors. We found that the molecular events contributing to these tumors (both PNFs and MPNST) are very heterogeneous and not all MPNST harbour biallelic NF1 inactivation. We also observed some unexplained features need to be clarified in a set of NF1-associated tumors with the genetic results and NF1, SUZ12 and H3K27me3 proteins expression. Conclusions: We suggest that dividing NF1-associated tumors into subsets by the genetic spectrum of coordinate signaling pathway and tumor pathology may have practical implications for further choice of therapies.
Machine Learning Associated With Respiratory Oscillometry: A Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for the Detection of Respiratory Abnormalities in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Andrade Domingos , Ribeiro Luigi , Lopes Agnaldo , Amaral Jorge , de Melo Pedro Lopes 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of machine learning (ML) methods would improve the diagnosis of respiratory changes in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This paper evaluates the performance of several ML algorithms associated with the respiratory oscillometry analysis to aid in the diagnostic of respiratory changes in SSc. We also find out the best configuration for this task.MethodsOscillometric and spirometric exams were performed in 82 individuals, including controls (n=30), and patients with systemic sclerosis with normal (n=22) and abnormal (n=30) spirometry. Multiple instance classifiers and different supervised machine learning techniques were investigated, including k-nearest neighbours (KNN), random forests (RF), AdaBoost with decision trees (ADAB), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB).Results and discussionThe first experiment of this study showed that the best oscillometric parameter (BOP) was dynamic compliance. In the scenario Control Group versus Patients with Sclerosis and normal spirometry (CGvsPSNS), it provided moderate accuracy (AUC=0.77). In the scenario Control Group versus Patients with Sclerosis and Altered spirometry (CGvsPSAS), the BOP obtained high accuracy (AUC=0.94). In the second experiment, the ML techniques were used. In CGvsPSNS, KNN achieved the best result (AUC=0.90), significantly improving the accuracy in comparison with the BOP (p<0.01), while in CGvsPSAS, RF obtained the best results (AUC=0.97), also significantly improving the diagnostic accuracy (p<0.05). In the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth experiments, the use of different feature selection techniques allowed us to spot the best oscillometric parameters. They all show a small increase in diagnostic accuracy in CGvsPSNS, respectively 0.87,0.86, 0.82, 0.84, while in the CGvsPSAS, the performance of the best classifier remained the same (AUC=0.97). ConclusionsOscillometric principles combined with machine learning algorithm provides a new method for the diagnosis of respiratory changes in patients with systemic sclerosis. The findings of the present study provide evidence that this combination may play an important role in the early diagnosis of respiratory changes in these patients.
PERSonality, Ehical, and PROfessional Quality of Life in Pediatric/Adult Intensive Nurses Study: PERSEPRO PAIN Study
Authors: Matsuishi Yujiro , Mathis Bryan , Hoshino Haruhiko , Enomoto Yuki , Shimojo Nobutake , Kawano Satoru , Sakuramoto Hideaki , Inoue Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Burnout syndrome (BOS) is emotional exhaustion that reduces both professional quality of life (QOL) and satisfaction derived from work. The World Health Organization (WHO) included BOS criteria in its 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) in 2019 and nursing bodies have issued calls to action to prevent BOS. Despite of this importance, the effect of social factors, personality traits and cross- interaction on professional QOL is still unclear.Method An online survey whose enrollment criteria included registered nurses working in adult, pediatric or both ICUs. We used the ten-item personality measure (TIPI) and Type-D personality Scale-14 (DS14) then measured the ethical climate by using the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS) and the professional QOL domains BOS, secondary traumatic stress (STS), and compassion satisfaction (CS) by the Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 (Pro-QOL V) simultaneously. Multivariate analysis of factors, including demographic data and interaction terms, confirmed the triangle association of hospital ethical climate, personality traits and professional QOL.Result We enrolled 310 participants from September 2019 to February 2020. Mean age was 33.1 years (± 5.9) and about 70% were female. In the multivariate analysis, neuroticism (p=0.03), Type D personality (p<0.01) were associated with BOS, and BOS-associated factors and agreeableness (p<0.01) was associated with STS. On the other hand, extraversion (p=0.01), agreeableness (p<0.01) and openness (p<0.01) were associated with CS. We also observed interactions between hospital ethical climate and conscientiousness (p=0.01) for BOS and STS. neuroticism (p<0.01) for BOS and CS, Type D personality (p<0.01) for BOS and STS.Conclusion Hospital ethical climate strongly affects the magnitude of professional QOL in nurses with specific personality traits. Therefore, it is important for management to maintain an ethical hospital climate and consider individual personalities to maintain professional QOL and prevent BOS.
Insight Into the Binding Mode Knowledge of New Possible Anti-Hypertensive Compounds Designed in Silico Using Neutral Endopeptidase&nbsp;(NEP) As A Target.
Authors: Lamazares Emilio , Cañizares-Carmenate Yudith , Castillo-Garit Juan , Mena-Ulecia Karel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Arterial hypertension is a health problem that affects millions of people around the world. Particularly in Chile, according to the last health survey in 2019, 28.7% of the population had this condition, and arterial hypertension complications cause one in three deaths per year. In this work, we have used molecular simulation tools to evaluate new compounds designed in silico by our group as possible anti-hypertensive agents, taking Neutral Endopeptidase (NEP) as a target, a key enzyme in the arterial hypertension regulation at the level kidney. We use docking experiments, molecular dynamics simulation, free energy decomposition calculations means of Molecular Mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann (MM-PBSA) method and ligand efficiency analysis. To identify the best anti-hypertensive agent we realized pharmacokinetic and toxicological predictions (ADME-Tox). The principal results obtained shown the ligands designed in silico were adequately oriented in the thermolysin active centre. The Lig783, Lig2177, and Lig3444 compounds were those with better dynamic behaviour. The energetic components that contribute to the complexes stability are the electrostatic and Van der Waals components; however, when the ADME-Tox properties were analyzed, we conclude that the best anti-hypertensive candidate agents are Lig783 and Lig3444, taking Neutra Endopeptidase as a target.
Incentives for Mothers, Health Workers and “Boda-Boda” Riders to Improve Community-Based Referral Process and Deliveries in the Rural Community: A Case of Busoga Region in Uganda
Authors: Muluya Kharim Mwebaza , Mugisha John Francis , Kithuka Peter , Kibaara Kenneth Rucha , Muwanguzi David Gangu , Ochieng Otieno George , Yitambe Andre , Wananda Irene 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: This study set out to investigate how incentives for mothers, health workers and boda-boda riders can improve the community-based referral process and deliveries in the rural community of Busoga region in Uganda.Methods: The study was a 2-arm cluster non-randomized control trial study design; with intervention and control groups from selected health centres and communities as the units of non-randomization. The study interventions involved the provision of incentives for mothers, health workers and boda-boda riders for duration of six months. The study used a mixed methods research design with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Descriptive statistical analysis was computed using STATA version 14 for the quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Results: Findings revealed that incentives strongly improved community-based referrals and health facility deliveries in the study area. Mothers who delivered from health centres and transported by boda-boda transport were 70.5% in the intervention arm and only 51.2% in the control arm. Of the 70.5% of the mothers above, 69.4% were transported by trained boda-boda riders and only 30.6% were transported by un-trained boda-boda riders. The 69.4% mothers transported by trained boda-boda riders to health centres stated that boda-boda riders’ response to their calls for transport improved from 4.3% to 21.3% in the 5 – 20 minutes interval. For the 21 – 30 minutes interval, the response improved from 31.4% to 69.6% in the intervention arm compared to 37.1% to 40.3% in the control arm. As the time interval increased, the boda-boda riders who delayed to respond to mothers’ calls reduced. In the intervention arm, only 6.2% of the mothers stated that boda-boda riders’ response took 31 – 60 minutes time interval after the intervention compared to 54.9% before the intervention. There was little change in the control arm from 53.2% pre intervention to 41.2% post intervention. Similarly, the boda-boda riders’ response to mothers’ calls for transport reduced for the time interval of 60 minutes and above. Conclusion: Incentives and creation of partnerships are very critical in achieving better health facility-based deliveries as a result of proper referral processes.
Process Intensification of The Ionosolv Pretreatment: Effects Of Biomass Loading, Particle Size And 100-Fold Scale-Up
Authors: Chambon Clementine L. , Verdía Pedro , Fennell Paul S. , Hallett Jason 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The ionoSolv process is one of the most promising technologies for biomass pretreatment in a biorefinery context. In order to evaluate the transition of the ionoSolv pretreatment of biomass from bench-scale experiments to biorefinery scale, there is a need to get better insight in process intensification. In this work, the effects of biomass loading, particle size, pulp washing protocols and 100-fold scale up for the pretreatment of the grassy biomass Miscanthus giganteus with the IL triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate, [TEA][HSO4], are presented. Results: At the bench scale, increasing biomass loading from 10 wt% to 50 wt% reduced glucose yields from 68% to 23% due to re-precipitation of lignin onto the pulp surface. Omitting the pulp air-drying step maintained saccharification yields at 66% at 50 wt% loading due to reduced fiber hornification. 100-fold scale-up (from 10 mL to 1 L) improved the efficacy of ionoSolv pretreatment and increasing loadings from 10 wt% to 20 wt% reduced lignin reprecipitation and led to higher glucose yields due to the improved heat and mass transfer caused by efficient slurry mixing in the reactor. Pretreatment of particle sizes of 1–3 mm was more effective than fine powders (0.18–0.85 mm) giving higher glucose yields due to reduced surface area available for lignin re-precipitation while reducing grinding energy needs.Conclusion: Stirred ionoSolv pretreatment showed great potential for industrialization and further process intensification after optimization of the pretreatment conditions (temperature, residence time, stirring speed), particle size and biomass loading. Pulp washing protocols need further improvement to reduce the incidence of lignin precipitation and the water requirements of lignin washing.
Impact of Sociodemographic Factors on The Consumption of Tubers in Brazil
Authors: Horodyska Justyna , Pigat Sandrine , Wonik Jasmin , Bompola Foteini , Cai David , Rehm Colin Davis , Gonzalez Tanhia Denys 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough tubers play a significant role in Brazilian agriculture, very little is known about the intake of tubers among the Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to characterize the intake of tubers across Brazil. The types of tubers consumed were quantified, and the impact of geographic and sociodemographic factors was assessed. MethodsThis cross-sectional study is based on dietary intake data of 33,504 subjects obtained from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey. All tuber containing foods were identified, and the contribution of different tubers to overall tuber consumption in Brazil was quantified. Descriptive analyses assessed the impact of macroregion and sociodemographic characteristics on tuber consumption, and differences in intake were assessed using statistical tests. Lastly, the dietary intakes of tuber consumers and non-consumers were compared after adjusting for energy and covariates to determine if there were any major differences in dietary intakes between the two groups. ResultsFifty-five percent of the Brazilian population consumed tubers, which differed by macroregion. The intake of tubers among consumers also differed between macroregions. Overall, rural areas reported significantly higher mean daily intakes of tubers (127 g/day) among tuber consumers than urban areas (96 g/day). Mandioca and potato were the most commonly consumed tubers (59 and 43% prevalence, respectively, on any of the two days), while the highest daily intakes amongst tuber consumers across Brazil were noted for sweet potato (156 g/day) and potato (95 g/day). On a macroregion level, among tuber consumers, mandioca had the highest prevalence of consumption in the North (94%), Northeast (83%), and Central-West (68%), while consumption of potatoes was most prevalent in the Southeast (63%) and South (62%). Compared to women, small but significantly higher tuber intakes were noted for males (108 vs. 85 g/day). Amongst tuber consumers, children aged 10 to 12 consumed fewer tubers than the individuals aged 19 onwards. The highest mean daily intakes were noted amongst tuber consumers in the first income quintile (low earners) and lowest in the fifth quintile (high earners) (P<0.001). After adjusting for energy and other covariates, nutrient intakes between tuber and non-tuber consumers were not meaningfully different, with the exception of sodium (+6.0% comparing non-tuber to tuber consumers), iron (+6.1%), zinc (+5.7%), vitamin C (+8.3%), riboflavin (+9.0%), and folate (+7.9%).ConclusionsTuber consumption is influenced by regional and sociodemographic characteristics of the Brazilian population. When looking at energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, diets of tuber consumers have resulted in somewhat lower intakes of some micronutrients, namely riboflavin, folate, vitamin C, iron, sodium, and zinc
Short-Term Outcome Analysis of Temporary Ostomy in Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer-A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhao Chuanduo , Zhou Sicheng , Su Hao , Liang Jianwei , Zhou Zhixiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Temporary ostomy has proved to be an effective method to reduce anastomotic leakage in low anterior resection. However, the injury of additional reversal surgery and ostomy-related complications require more evaluation regarding its necessity and feasibility. In this study, we analyzed the outcomes of temporary ostomy in low anterior resection to provide more evidence for surgeons to make clinical decisions.Methods A total of 279 consecutive patients with rectal cancer with temporary ostomy were matched 1:1 to contemporaneous 279 controls without temporary ostomy at our institution to compare the perioperative clinical situation. The matching criteria included age, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score, and tumor stage. The one-year follow-up data was collected to evaluate ostomy-related outcomes.Results The non-ostomy group had a higher proportion of chemoradiotherapy (39.4% vs 10.0%, P < 0.001) and a lower site of anastomosis (6.0 cm vs. 9.0 cm, P < 0.001) than the ostomy group. The ostomy group had a lower rate of anastomotic leakage (0.4% vs 3.6%, P = 0.039), reduced reoperation rate (0.4% vs 2.9%, P = 0.044), longer operating time (214.9 min vs. 151.4 min, P = 0.009) and shorter time to first flatus (3.4 days vs. 4.1 days, P = 0.005) than the non-ostomy group. The safety of reversal surgery is acceptable; however, 21.1% of ostomates did not complete the reversal operation for various reasons within 1 year after the first operation. Age (P = 0.029) and AJCC stage (P = 0.043) may be important factors affecting the closure of ostomy.Conclusions Although time-consuming, temporary ostomy is a good option for high-risk patients to reduce the rates of anastomotic leakage and reoperation in low anterior resection. Considering the ostomy-related inconveniences in daily living, other related complications and rather high proportion of non-reversal, the scope of application should be more for patients with low anastomosis and neoadjuvant treatment.
The Provider's Checklist to Improve Pregnant Women Coverage by Intermittent Preventive Malaria Treatment in Mali. A Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Doumbia Issa , Fomba Seydou , KONE Diakalia , Bennis Issam 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy (IPTp) is a comprehensive treatment protocol of antimalarial drugs administered to pregnant women to prevent Malaria, started at the fourth pregnancy month, with at least three doses of Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), taken as directly observed treatment (DOT) every 30 days as interval until childbirth, in combination with other preventive measures. This paper introduces feasibility and adoption concepts as implementation research outcomes (IRO), allowing, after a defined intervention, to assess the coverage improvement by intermittent preventive malaria treatment for pregnant women attending a reference District hospital in Mali. Specifically, the purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of a reminder tool (provider checklist) to enhance pregnant women's adoption of information about IPTp-SP as immediate and sustained women practices.Methods: The implementation strategy was based on using a reminder checklist about malaria knowledge and the recommended preventive tools. Then, the checklist feasibility was assessed during routine practices with the adoption-level about pregnant women' knowledge. Quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to a non-probability purposive sampling targeting 200 pregnant women divided into two groups before and after the checklist intervention. In contrast, the qualitative data were based on in-depth face to face gynaecologists interviews. Results: Both the implementation research outcomes (feasibility and adoption) were satisfactory. The gynaecologists agreed of the easy use of this checklist during the routine practice with a recommendation to generalise it to other health providers. After the gynaecologist visit, a significant increase of the adoption-level about the prior knowledge and preventive tools was noticed. A total of 83% of participants were not knowledgeable about malaria disease before checklist use vs 15% after. Similarly, women's coverage to SP DOT increased from 0% to 59% after introducing the checklist and the SP intake after the visit time was highly significative in the second group. The latter reached 95% of the pregnant woman with four and eight months as gestational age, who were the most respectful of all SP future visits as theoretically scheduled.Conclusions: We recommend generalising such a checklist reminder to improve women's knowledge about malaria prevention.