bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent chemotherapy with high-dose rate brachytherapy after treatment with chemoradiotherapy in cases of locally advanced carcinoma cervix
Authors: Jain Vandana Shailendra , Virkar Mayuresh , Sarje Mukund B. , Waghmare Chaitali M. , Patel Sanandan , Jain Shailendra Mohan 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, feasibility, tolerability, and toxicity of concurrent chemotherapy and brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:
Forty patients of cervical carcinoma were included in this study. The study period ranges from October 2016 to September 2019. Patients were evaluated and treated as per the protocol: external beam radiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions) and concurrent weekly chemotherapy with injection (Inj.) cisplatin (30 mg/m2) followed by high-dose rate brachytherapy (3 fractions of 7 Gy each) and concurrent chemotherapy Inj. cisplatin (30 mg/m2).

Results:
Out of 40 patients enrolled in the study, 36 patients completed the treatment (17 Stage II and 19 Stage III). The incidence of Grade I and II skin toxicities were 78% and 10%, respectively. The incidence of genitourinary toxicities with respect to Grade I and II were 72% and 12%, respectively. There were Grade III hematological toxicities in two patients and the brachytherapy treatment was delayed for 4–6 days. The overall complete response was found in 28 (78%) patients, partial response in six (16.7%) patients, and progressive disease in two (5.6%) patients at 3 months of follow-up. On the last follow-up, 21 (58%) patients were disease-free and there was disease failure in seven patients (5 local recurrence and 2 with distant metastasis).

Conclusion:
Brachytherapy with the addition of concurrent chemotherapy is effective and feasible with acceptable toxicity for advanced stages of carcinoma cervix. This study upholds an interesting approach that can be regarded as feasible and tolerable for cervical cancer patients.
Nonhomologous end joining repair pathway molecules as predictive biomarkers for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Joshi Jigna S. , Vora Hemangini H. , Ghosh Nandita R. , Tankshali Rajen N. , Jetly Dhaval H. , Trivedi Trupti I. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose:
Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) is critical for the repair of either pathologic double-strand breaks (DSBs) and/or for the repair of physiologic DSBs created during radiotherapy to kill the tumor cell. Therefore, patients with higher expression of NHEJ repair proteins might develop resistance to ionizing radiation, allowing the disease to recur. As cancer of the oral cavity is a serious health problem globally, the present study aimed to examine the expression of Ku70/80, X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 4 (XRCC4) and DNA ligase IV-core molecules of the NHEJ pathway in patients with oral cancer.

Materials and Methods:
Protein expression of Ku70/80, XRCC4, and DNA ligase IV were studied by Immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression of Ku70 and Ku80 were studied using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS.

Results:
A univariate survival analysis revealed an association of Ku70 mRNA with shorter overall survival (OS). While protein expression of XRCC4 showed an association with reduced relapse-free survival and shorter OS. Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that XRCC4 and DNA ligase IV are independent prognosticators for predicting adverse disease outcomes.

Conclusion:
Strong expression of repair proteins – XRCC4 and DNA ligase IV is associated with unfavorable disease outcome in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Robustly optimized hybrid intensity-modulated proton therapy for craniospinal irradiation
Authors: Noufal Manthala Padannayil , Sharma Shamurailatpam Dayananda , Krishnan Ganapathy , Sawant Mayur , Gaikwad Utpal , Jalali Rakesh 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
The aim of the study was to investigate the hybrid robust optimization planning approach in intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) of craniospinal irradiation (CSI).

Subjects and Methods:
Five IMPT-based adult CSI plans in supine position were created using Raystation treatment planning system (TPS) modelled for Proteus plus proton therapy system. A hybrid planning strategy was implemented, where clinical target volume was robustly optimized (RB) for set up uncertainties and planning target volume was optimized for target coverage using minimax algorithm in the TPS. Beam angle selection, optimization, and dose calculation approach were carefully performed to ensure optimum organ at risk (OAR) sparing, even with potential setup and range errors. The complementary dose gradients in junctions were generated using spot assignment and RB technique. Dosimetric outcomes in both nominal plan and the 16 error scenarios (±3 mm setup and 3.5% range) were analyzed using standard dose volume histogram.

Results:
This planning approach resulted in a homogeneous dose distribution in the target volume of CSI, including the junction regions, by explicitly reducing number of robust optimization scenarios. The proposed technique was also able to achieve excellent coverage to cribriform plate with lower lens doses and minimal dose to other OARs. Target and OAR doses in the nominal plans as well as in the worst case scenarios with setup and range errors were able to meet the predefined clinical goal.

Conclusions:
This proposed planning technique is efficient, robust against the uncertainties. It could be adopted in other proton therapy centers.
Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Assessment of Cardiovascular Abnormalities in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Chudgar Priya D. , Burkule Nitin J. , Lakshmivenkateshiah Srinivas , Kamat Nikhil V. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Long-term effects of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) causing pulmonary fibrosis are a well-established fact. Whether similar changes persist in myocardium remains a cause of concern. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), although logistically limited during the acute phase of illness, is an excellent modality for evaluating persisting myocardial involvement in patients recovering from COVID-19. No previous study has described cardiac MRI in Indian patients with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
We summarize cardiac MRI findings in 43 patients (29 males) who underwent cardiac MRI at our center for various clinical indications after recovering from their COVID-19 episodes. All cardiac MRI examinations were performed on Siemens Verio 3 Tesla Scanner System with 70 cm bore. Necessary precautions and safety measures were taken as per the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance recommendations and standard imaging protocols were followed.

Results:
Half of all patients (22, 51.2%) had presented after 6 weeks of their initial COVID-19, whereas most of the remaining patients (19, 44.2%) underwent MRI during 3–6 weeks after recovering from COVID-19. Exercise intolerance was the most common clinical presentation observed in 22 (51.2%) patients, followed by fatigue or generalized weakness (15 patients), fast heart rate (12 patients), and breathlessness (12 patients). The most common cardiac MRI finding was elevated T1 and T2 mapping values (14 patients, 32.6%). The other common findings were late gadolinium enhancement in 12 (27.9%) patients, pericardial effusion ± enhancement in 12 (27.9%) patients, and impaired left ventricular systolic function in 9 (20.9%) patients. Eleven (25.6%) patients had normal cardiac MRI.

Conclusions:
Our findings summarize common cardiac abnormalities detected by cardiac MRI in patients with recent COVID-19. Although these results cannot be postulated to estimate the overall burden of cardiac involvement in COVID-19, they provide valuable insight into clinical spectrum of these patients in Indian scenario.
Expressivity of ABO Antigens and Increased Predisposition for Periodontal Disease
Authors: Babu J. Suresh , Swarnalatha C. , Alshammari Tayf Naif , Muddebihal Farahnaz , Patil Manisha B. , Kolte Deepak R. , Alshammari Mohammad Saafaq , Alshammari Fatma Ayyad , Nayyar Abhishek Singh 
Published: August 2021

Context and Aim:
Association between certain systemic diseases and ABO antigens is a well-known fact. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is any association between periodontal disease and ABO blood group antigens.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 200 subjects who were randomly selected from individuals referred for periodontal treatment. The study subjects were segregated into healthy gingiva/mild gingivitis (Group I), moderate/severe gingivitis (Group II), and varying grades of periodontitis groups (Group III), based on Loe and Silness index and clinical attachment loss as the criteria. The study groups were, further, categorized and graded using Ramfjord's periodontal disease index. Blood samples were collected to identify ABO blood groups.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), while Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The findings of the present study suggested that patients with blood group antigens O and B were more predisposed to develop periodontitis with at least one side with attachment loss of more than 3 mm and with periodontal pocket depth of more than 4 mm (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
There is a correlation existing between periodontal disease and ABO blood group antigens as far as this region was concerned. This association could be explained by the various blood group antigens acting as receptors for infectious agents associated with periodontal disease. This broad correlation between periodontal disease and ABO blood group antigens pointed toward susceptibility of the subjects with certain blood groups to periodontal disease.
Raman spectroscopy reveals variation in free OH groups and hydrogen bond strength in ultrahigh dilutions
Authors: Konar Atheni , Sarkar Tandra , Chakraborty Indrani , Sukul Nirmal Chandra , Majumdar Dipanwita , Singha Achintya , Sukul Anirban 
Published: August 2021

Objective: To decipher the nature of water structure in two ultrahigh diluted (UHD) homeopathic drugs by Laser Raman Spectroscopy.
Method: Two homeopathic drugs Calcarea carbonica (Calc.) and Sepia officinalis (Sep.) in 8cH, 202cH, and 1002cH and their diluent medium 90% ethanol in 8cH and 202cH were used in the present study. Laser Raman spectra of all the samples were obtained in the wave number region of 2400 â€“ 4200 cm-1. The intensity ratio at vibration frequencies between 3200 and 3420 (R1) and that between 3620 and 3420 (R2) were calculated for each UHD of the samples.
Results: The spectra show a marked difference in intensities in the stretching vibrations of CH and OH groups of all the samples. R1 values for three UHDs of Calc. and Sep. show negative and positive relationships, respectively. In the case of R2 values, the relationship in three UHDs is 81002 for Calc., and 8> 202 < 1002 for Sep. In the case of control (ethanol UHDs) both R1 and R2 show a negative relationship.
Conclusion: R1 denotes a relative number of OH groups with strong and weak hydrogen bonds. R2 indicates the relative number of OH groups with broken and weak H-bonds. Therefore, the UHDs of the two drugs and the control are different from each other with respect to hydrogen bond strength of OH groups and the number of free OH groups or non-hydrogen bonded water molecules.
Observation and modeling of the historic “Godzilla” African dust intrusion into the Caribbean Basin and the southern US in June 2020
Authors: Yu Hongbin , Tan Qian , Zhou Lillian , Zhou Yaping , Bian Huisheng , Chin Mian , Ryder Claire L. , Levy Robert C. , Pradhan Yaswant , Shi Yingxi , Song Qianqian , Zhang Zhibo , Colarco Peter R. , Kim Dongchul , Remer Lorraine A. , Yuan Tianle , Mayol-Bracero Olga , Holben Brent N. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This study characterizes a massive African dust intrusion into the Caribbean Basin and southern US in June 2020, which is nicknamed the “Godzilla”
dust plume, using a comprehensive set of satellite and ground-based observations (including MODIS, CALIOP, SEVIRI, AERONET, and EPA Air Quality
network) and the NASA GEOS global aerosol transport model. The MODIS data record registered this massive dust intrusion event as the most intense
episode over the past 2 decades. During this event, the aerosol optical depth (AOD) observed by AERONET and MODIS peaked at 3.5 off the coast of
West Africa and 1.8 in the Caribbean Basin. CALIOP observations show that the top of the dust plume reached altitudes of 6–8 km in West Africa
and descended to about 4 km altitude over the Caribbean Basin and 2 km over the US Gulf of Mexico coast. The dust intrusion event degraded the
air quality in Puerto Rico to a hazardous level, with maximum daily PM10 concentration of 453 µg m−3 recorded on
23 June. The dust intrusion into the US raised the PM2.5 concentration on 27 June to a level exceeding the EPA air quality standard in
about 40 % of the stations in the southern US. Satellite observations reveal that dust emissions from convection-generated haboobs and other
sources in West Africa were large albeit not extreme on a daily basis. However, the anomalous strength and northern shift of the North Atlantic
Subtropical High (NASH) together with the Azores low formed a closed circulation pattern that allowed for accumulation of the dust near the African
coast for about 4 d. When the NASH was weakened and wandered back to the south, the dust outflow region was dominated by a strong African easterly
jet that rapidly transported the accumulated dust from the coastal region toward the Caribbean Basin, resulting in the record-breaking African dust
intrusion. In comparison to satellite observations, the GEOS model reproduced the MODIS observed tracks of the meandering dust plume well as it was
carried by the wind systems. However, the model substantially underestimated dust emissions from haboobs and did not lift up enough dust to the
middle troposphere for ensuing long-range transport. Consequently, the model largely missed the satellite-observed elevated dust plume along the
cross-ocean track and underestimated the dust intrusion into the Caribbean Basin by a factor of more than 4. Modeling improvements need to focus on
developing more realistic representations of moist convection, haboobs, and the vertical transport of dust.
Machine learning calibration of low-cost NO2 and PM10 sensors: non-linear algorithms and their impact on site transferability
Authors: Nowack Peer , Konstantinovskiy Lev , Gardiner Hannah , Cant John 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Low-cost air pollution sensors often fail to attain sufficient performance compared with state-of-the-art measurement stations, and they typically require expensive laboratory-based calibration procedures. A repeatedly proposed strategy to overcome these limitations is calibration through co-location with public measurement stations. Here we test the idea of using machine learning algorithms for such calibration tasks using hourly-averaged co-location data for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter of particle sizes smaller than 10 µm (PM10) at three different locations in the urban area of London, UK. We compare the performance of ridge regression, a linear statistical learning algorithm, to two non-linear algorithms in the form of random forest regression (RFR) and Gaussian process regression (GPR). We further benchmark the performance of all three machine learning methods relative to the more common multiple linear regression (MLR). We obtain very good out-of-sample R2 scores (coefficient of determination) >0.7, frequently exceeding 0.8, for the machine learning calibrated low-cost sensors. In contrast, the performance of MLR is more dependent on random variations in the sensor hardware and co-located signals, and it is also more sensitive to the length of the co-location period. We find that, subject to certain conditions, GPR is typically the best-performing method in our calibration setting, followed by ridge regression and RFR. We also highlight several key limitations of the machine learning methods, which will be crucial to consider in any co-location calibration. In particular, all methods are fundamentally limited in how well they can reproduce pollution levels that lie outside those encountered at training stage. We find, however, that the linear ridge regression outperforms the non-linear methods in extrapolation settings. GPR can allow for a small degree of extrapolation, whereas RFR can only predict values within the training range. This algorithm-dependent ability to extrapolate is one of the key limiting factors when the calibrated sensors are deployed away from the co-location site itself. Consequently, we find that ridge regression is often performing as good as or even better than GPR after sensor relocation. Our results highlight the potential of co-location approaches paired with machine learning calibration techniques to reduce costs of air pollution measurements, subject to careful consideration of the co-location training conditions, the choice of calibration variables and the features of the calibration algorithm.
Hydrostreamer v1.0 – improved streamflow predictions for local applications from an ensemble of downscaled global runoff products
Authors: Kallio Marko , Guillaume Joseph H. A. , Virkki Vili , Kummu Matti , Virrantaus Kirsi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. An increasing number of different types of hydrological,
land surface, and rainfall–runoff models exist to estimate streamflow in
river networks. Results from various model runs from global to local scales
are readily available online. However, the usability of these products is
often limited, as they often come aggregated in spatial units which are not
compatible with the desired analysis purpose. We present here an R package,
a software library Hydrostreamer v1.0, which aims to improve the usability of existing runoff
products by addressing the modifiable area unit problem and allows
non-experts with little knowledge of hydrology-specific modelling issues and
methods to use them for their analyses. Hydrostreamer workflow includes (1) interpolation from source zones to target zones, (2) river routing, and (3) data assimilation via model averaging, given multiple input runoff and
observation data. The software implements advanced areal interpolation
methods and area-to-line interpolation not available in other products and
is the first R package to provide vector-based routing. Hydrostreamer is
kept as simple as possible – intuitive with minimal data requirements –
and minimises the need for calibration. We tested the performance of
Hydrostreamer by downscaling freely available coarse-resolution global
runoff products from the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project
(ISIMIP) in an application in 3S Basin in Southeast Asia. Results are
compared to observed discharges as well as two benchmark streamflow data
products, finding comparable or improved performance. Hydrostreamer v1.0 is
open source and is available from http://github.com/mkkallio/hydrostreamer/ (last access: 5 May 2021) under the MIT licence.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR GULING DEPAN PADA PEMBELAJARAN SENAM LANTAI MELALUI MODEL PERMAINAN
Authors: Tho Chandra Dini , Syamsulrizal Syamsulrizal , Razali Razali , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar guling depan Pada pembelajaran senam lantai melalui model permainan , pada SMP Kemala Bhayangkari 2 Jakarta, Jakarta Selatan. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah tindakan kelas yang mengikuti model Kemmis dan Taggart. Penelitian ini direncanakan 3 siklus dimana masing-masing siklus 4 tahap yaitu planning, acting, observasing dan reflecting. Waktu penelitian adalah 3 bulan dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 30 siswa, sedangkan data dikumpulkan melalui test, wawancara dan observasi. Nilai rata-rata siswa pada kondisi awal sebesar 70,46 dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 38,46%. Kondisi tersebut mengalami peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa pada siklus I yaitu sebesar 73,08 dan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 57,69%. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata kemampuan guling depan siswa kembali mengalami peningkatan sebesar 82,82 dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 80,77%.
La place de la subjectivité dans l’étude de la mystique musulmane
Authors: Ollivry Florence 
Published: August 2021

Comment aborder la mystique musulmane ? Né d’un questionnement épistémologique sur la manière dont les concepts véhiculés par la recherche découpent le réel et sur la place de la subjectivité en sciences des religions, cet article se fonde sur l’oeuvre de Louis Massignon (m. 1962). L’examen de la posture herméneutique de cet islamologue, qui fait de la figure d’al-Hallâj (m. 309AH/922EC) le paradigme de la sainteté en islam, révèle que sa vision de la réalité étudiée est nettement tributaire de sa propre spiritualité.
Sa quête, mue par des questionnements existentiels, illustre la difficile conciliation entre la quête du vrai (au plan scientifique) et la quête de la Vérité (au sens métaphysique). L’étude de l’oeuvre de L. Massignon montre combien la subjectivité du chercheur sert la recherche et l’entrave à la fois. Afin de tendre vers une compréhension plus juste de la réalité, cet article propose certaines précautions méthodologiques, afin que la subjectivité ne déforme pas le réel mais l’éclaire et le révèle.
Homebrew Gaming and the Beginnings of Vernacular Digitality
Authors: Swalwell Melanie 
Published: August 2021

The overlooked history of an early appropriation of digital technology: the creation of games though coding and hardware hacking by microcomputer users.
From the late 1970s through the mid-1980s, low-end microcomputers offered many users their first taste of computing. A major use of these inexpensive 8-bit machines—including the TRS System 80s and the Sinclair, Atari, Microbee, and Commodore ranges—was the development of homebrew games. Users with often self-taught programming skills devised the graphics, sound, and coding for their self-created games. In this book, Melanie Swalwell offers a history of this era of homebrew game development, arguing that it constitutes a significant instance of the early appropriation of digital computing technology.
Drawing on interviews and extensive archival research on homebrew creators in 1980s Australia and New Zealand, Swalwell explores the creation of games on microcomputers as a particular mode of everyday engagement with new technology. She discusses the public discourses surrounding microcomputers and programming by home coders; user practices; the development of game creators' ideas, with the game Donut Dilemma as a case study; the widely practiced art of hardware hacking; and the influence of 8-bit aesthetics and gameplay on the contemporary game industry. With Homebrew Gaming and the Beginnings of Vernacular Digitality, Swalwell reclaims a lost chapter in video game history, connecting it to the rich cultural and media theory around everyday life and to critical perspectives on user-generated content