bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Rhesus D negativity among reproductive age women in Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kanko Tesfaye K. , Woldemariam Melat K. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Rhesus (Rh) blood group system is the next most clinically significant blood group system following the ABO blood group. Rh D-negative women are at risk of alloimmunization following exposure to Rh D-positive blood. The exposure of Rh D-negative women to Rh D-positive fetal blood may cause hemolytic disease of the fetus or new-born due to Rh incompatibility. Knowing Rh blood phenotype has paramount importance to prevent the risk of sensitization and bad obstetric outcome in Rh D-negative women. Despite the aforementioned fact, the distribution of Rh D-negative phenotype of women was not explored in Arba Minch Zuria district, southern Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of Rh D-negative blood phenotype among reproductive-age women in Arba Minch Zuria district, southern Ethiopia.Methods and materialsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among reproductive-age women in Arba Minch Zuria district, Southern Ethiopia from March to April 2019. Socio-demographic data were collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire and blood phenotype determination was done by laboratory technicians using the slide method principle aseptically and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 was used for analysis.ResultThe data were collected from 417 study participants with a 98.8% response rate. This study revealed that 2.1%, 1.9%, 1.2%, and 1% of study participants with blood group O, A, B, and AB were Rh D negative, respectively. In this study, the overall prevalence of Rh D negative phenotype was found 6.2% among reproductive-age women in Arba Minch Zuria district, Southern Ethiopia.ConclusionsThis study showed a high prevalence of Rh D negative factor among reproductive-age women in Arba Minch Zuria district. Therefore, counseling of reproductive age women on the importance of Rh D factor status determination would be worthy to avoid the potential risk of sensitization among Rh D negative women in order to prevent hemolytic disease of the fetus and new-born.
CircLIFR synergizes with MSH2 to attenuate chemoresistance via MutSα/ATM-p73 axis in bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Hui , Xiao Xingyuan , Wei Wenjie , Huang Chao , Wang Miao , Wang Liang , He Yuanqiao , Sun Jiayin , Jiang Yangkai , Jiang Guosong , Zhang Xiaoping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Cisplatin (CDDP) has become a standard-of-care treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), while chemoresistance remains a major challenge. Accumulating evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are discrete functional entities. However, the regulatory functions as well as complexities of circRNAs in modulating CDDP-based chemotherapy in bladder cancer are yet to be well revealed.

Methods
Through analyzing the expression profile of circRNAs in bladder cancer tissues, RNA FISH, circRNA pull-down assay, mass spectrometry analysis and RIP, circLIFR was identified and its interaction with MSH2 was confirmed. The effects of circLIFR and MSH2 on CDDP-based chemotherapy were explored by flow cytometry and rescue experiments. Co-IP and Western blot were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of circLIFR and MSH2. Biological implications of circLIFR and MSH2 in bladder cancer were implemented in tumor xenograft models and PDX models.

Results
CircLIFR was downregulated in bladder cancer and expression was positively correlated with favorable prognosis. Moreover, circLIFR synergizing with MSH2, which was a mediator of CDDP sensitivity in bladder cancer cells, positively modulated sensitivity to CDDP in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circLIFR augmented the interaction between MutSα and ATM, ultimately contributing to stabilize p73, which triggered to apoptosis. Importantly, MIBC with high expression of circLIFR and MSH2 was more sensitive to CDDP-based chemotherapy in tumor xenograft models and PDX models.

Conclusions
CircLIFR could interact with MSH2 to positively modulate CDDP-sensitivity through MutSα/ATM-p73 axis in bladder cancer. CircLIFR and MSH2 might be act as promising therapeutic targets for CDDP-resistant bladder cancer.
Inhibiting BDNF/TrkB.T1 receptor improves resiniferatoxin-induced postherpetic neuralgia through decreasing ASIC3 signaling in dorsal root ganglia
Authors: Wei Xiang , Wang Lina , Hua Jie , Jin Xiao-hong , Ji Fuhai , Peng Ke , Zhou Bin , Yang Jianping , Meng Xiao-wen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a devastating complication after varicella-zoster virus infection. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of PHN. A truncated isoform of the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor TrkB.T1, as a high-affinity receptor of BDNF, is upregulated in multiple nervous system injuries, and such upregulation is associated with pain. Acid-sensitive ion channel 3 (ASIC3) is involved in chronic neuropathic pain, but its relation with BDNF/TrkB.T1 in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) during PHN is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether BDNF/TrkB.T1 contributes to PHN through regulating ASIC3 signaling in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs).

Methods
Resiniferatoxin (RTX) was used to induce rat PHN models. Mechanical allodynia was assessed by measuring the paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs). Thermal hyperalgesia was determined by detecting the paw withdrawal latencies (PWLs). We evaluated the effects of TrkB.T1-ASIC3 signaling inhibition on the behavior, neuronal excitability, and inflammatory response during RTX-induced PHN. ASIC3 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection was used to investigate the effect of exogenous BDNF on inflammatory response in cultured PC-12 cells.

Results
RTX injection induced mechanical allodynia and upregulated the protein expression of BDNF, TrkB.T1, ASIC3, TRAF6, nNOS, and c-Fos, as well as increased neuronal excitability in DRGs. Inhibition of ASIC3 reversed the abovementioned effects of RTX, except for BDNF and TrkB.T1 protein expression. In addition, inhibition of TrkB.T1 blocked RTX-induced mechanical allodynia, activation of ASIC3 signaling, and hyperexcitability of neurons. RTX-induced BDNF upregulation was found in both neurons and satellite glia cells in DRGs. Furthermore, exogenous BDNF activated ASIC3 signaling, increased NO level, and enhanced IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels in PC-12 cells, which was blocked by shRNA-ASIC3 transfection.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that inhibiting BDNF/TrkB.T1 reduced inflammation, decreased neuronal hyperexcitability, and improved mechanical allodynia through regulating the ASIC3 signaling pathway in DRGs, which may provide a novel therapeutic target for patients with PHN.
Strategies to reduce sample sizes in Alzheimer’s disease primary and secondary prevention trials using longitudinal amyloid PET imaging
Authors: Lopes Alves Isadora , Heeman Fiona , Collij Lyduine E. , Salvadó Gemma , Tolboom Nelleke , Vilor-Tejedor Natàlia , Markiewicz Pawel , Yaqub Maqsood , Cash David , Mormino Elizabeth C. , Insel Philip S. , Boellaard Ronald , van Berckel Bart N. M. , Lammertsma Adriaan A. , Barkhof Frederik , Gispert Juan Domingo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundDetecting subtle-to-moderate biomarker changes such as those in amyloid PET imaging becomes increasingly relevant in the context of primary and secondary prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This work aimed to determine if and when distribution volume ratio (DVR; derived from dynamic imaging) and regional quantitative values could improve statistical power in AD prevention trials.MethodsBaseline and annualized % change in [11C]PIB SUVR and DVR were computed for a global (cortical) and regional (early) composite from scans of 237 cognitively unimpaired subjects from the OASIS-3 database (www.oasis-brains.org). Bland-Altman and correlation analyses were used to assess the relationship between SUVR and DVR. General linear models and linear mixed effects models were used to determine effects of age, sex, andAPOE-ε4 carriership on baseline and longitudinal amyloid burden. Finally, differences in statistical power of SUVR and DVR (cortical or early composite) were assessed considering three anti-amyloid trial scenarios: secondary prevention trials including subjects with (1) intermediate-to-high (Centiloid > 20.1), or (2) intermediate (20.1 < Centiloid ≤ 49.4) amyloid burden, and (3) a primary prevention trial focusing on subjects with low amyloid burden (Centiloid ≤ 20.1). Trial scenarios were set to detect 20% reduction in accumulation rates across the whole population and inAPOE-ε4 carriers only.ResultsAlthough highly correlated to DVR (ρ = .96), cortical SUVR overestimated DVR cross-sectionally and in annual % change. In secondary prevention trials, DVR required 143 subjects per arm, compared with 176 for SUVR. Both restricting inclusion to individuals with intermediate amyloid burden levels or toAPOE-ε4 carriers alone further reduced sample sizes. For primary prevention, SUVR required less subjects per arm (n = 855) compared with DVR (n = 1508) and the early composite also provided considerable sample size reductions (n = 855 ton = 509 for SUVR,n = 1508 ton = 734 for DVR).ConclusionSample sizes in AD secondary prevention trials can be reduced by the acquisition of dynamic PET scans and/or by restricting inclusion to subjects with intermediate amyloid burden or toAPOE-ε4 carriers only. Using a targeted early composite only leads to reductions of sample size requirements in primary prevention trials. These findings support strategies to enable smaller Proof-of-Concept Phase II clinical trials to better streamline drug development.
Clinical course of choroidal neovascular membrane in West Nile virus chorioretinitis: a case report
Authors: Zito Roberta , Micelli Ferrari Tommaso , Di Pilato Luigi , Lorusso Massimo , Ferretta Anna , Micelli Ferrari Luisa , Accorinti Massimo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
This report describes the clinical course of choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) in West Nile virus-associated chorioretinitis.

Case presentation
A 28-year-old Italian woman was referred to our institution because of reduced visual acuity in the left eye dating back 4 months. A diagnosis of retinal vasculitis in the right eye and chorioretinitis with CNV in the left eye was made. A complete workup for uveitis revealed positivity only for anti-West Nile virus immunoglobulin M (IgM), while immunoglobulin G (IgG) was negative. Whole-body computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were also negative. Therefore, the patient was treated with a combination of oral prednisone (starting dose 1 mg/kg per day) and three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab 1.25 mg/0.05 ml, 1 month apart. Fourteen days from starting corticosteroid therapy and after the first intravitreal injection, the patient experienced increased visual acuity to 0.4. Response to therapy was monitored by clinical examination, ocular coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography and retinal fluorescein angiography. Three months later, resolution of CNV in the left eye was achieved and no signs of retinal vasculitis were detected in the right eye, while serum IgM for West Nile virus turned negative and IgG positive.

Conclusion
CNV may be a complication of West Nile virus-associated chorioretinitis, and only subclinical retinal vasculitis may also be found even in non-endemic regions.
Role of a new acellular dermal matrix in a multistep combined treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the lumbar region: a case report
Authors: Lembo Fedele , Cecchino Liberato Roberto , Parisi Domenico , Portincasa Aurelio 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare skin fibroblastic tumor, with a high rate of recurrence. The treatment of DFSP is generally surgical, and wide local excision is the mainstay of surgical treatment. Therefore, complete assessment of all surgical margins is fundamental before definitive reconstruction. The reconstruction is a challenge for plastic surgeons, especially in particular anatomical areas (for aesthetic or functional problems) or in patients who are not candidates for more complex surgical treatments. We describe an alternative approach for reconstructive treatment of the lumbar area after wide excision of DFSP (without fresh-frozen sections) in a young obese woman with a history of smoking, using a new type of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in a combined management protocol. The benefits of ADM are numerous: immediate wound closure and prevention of infections and excessive drying; minimal donor site morbidity; and good functional and aesthetic outcomes. Moreover, it is a temporary cover while the anatomical specimen is histologically analyzed, without donor site morbidity or prevention of any future surgery (if the margins are not tumor-free) or radiotherapy.

Case presentation
In October 2019, a 34-year old obese Caucasian Woman with a history of smoking came to our institute for a multinodular growing polypoid mass in her lumbar region. An incisional biopsy diagnosed DFSP. The patient underwent proper staging. A wide local excision with 3 cm clinically healthy tissue margins down to the muscle fascia was performed and the defect was repaired using a combined approach with a new artificial bilaminar dermal template (Pelnac®, Gunze Ltd., Osaka, Japan) and a negative-pressure wound therapy system (V.A.C.®, KCI, San Antonio, USA). After the final histological examination revealed tumor-free margins, a split-thickness graft was harvested from the right gluteus and fixed to the new derma with negative-pressure wound therapy. Postoperative radiotherapy was not necessary. After 15 days, the wound had healed without complications, with satisfactory aesthetic outcome and with no limitation of back motion or pain. After 6 months of follow-up, the patient was free from disease.

Conclusions
This is the first reported case of Pelnac® use in DFSP reconstruction of the lumbar region. We believe that the multistep approach described herein may be a good alternative approach in selected patients with wide resections in particular anatomical areas, especially when frozen sections (with Mohs micrographic surgery) are not available.
LOCATE: a prospective evaluation of the value of Leveraging Ongoing Citation Acquisition Techniques for living Evidence syntheses
Authors: Gates Michelle , Elliott Sarah A. , Gates Allison , Sebastianski Meghan , Pillay Jennifer , Bialy Liza , Hartling Lisa 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Living systematic reviews (LSRs) can expedite evidence synthesis by incorporating new evidence in real time. However, the methods needed to identify new studies in a timely manner are not well established.

Objectives
To explore the value of complementary search approaches in terms of search performance, impact on results and conclusions, screening workload, and feasibility compared to the reference standard.

Methods
We developed three complementary search approaches for a systematic review on treatments for bronchiolitis: Automated Full Search, PubMed Similar Articles, and Scopus Citing References. These were automated to retrieve results monthly; pairs of reviewers screened the records and commented on feasibility. After 1 year, we conducted a full update search (reference standard). For each complementary approach, we compared search performance (proportion missed, number needed to read [NNR]) and reviewer workload (number of records screened, time required) to the reference standard. We investigated the impact of the new trials on the effect estimate and certainty of evidence for the primary outcomes. We summarized comments about feasibility.

Results
Via the reference standard, reviewers screened 505 titles/abstracts, 24 full texts, and identified four new trials (NNR 127; 12.4 h). Of the complementary approaches, only the Automated Full Search located all four trials; these were located 6 to 12 months sooner than via the reference standard but did not alter the results nor certainty in the evidence. The Automated Full Search was the most resource-intensive approach (816 records screened; NNR 204; 17.1 h). The PubMed Similar Articles and Scopus Citing References approaches located far fewer records (452 and 244, respectively), thereby requiring less screening time (9.4 and 5.2 h); however, each approach located only one of the four new trials. Reviewers found it feasible and convenient to conduct monthly screening for searches of this yield (median 15–65 records/month).

Conclusions
The Automated Full Search was the most resource-intensive approach, but also the only to locate all of the newly published trials. Although the monthly screening time for the PubMed Similar Articles and Scopus Citing Articles was far less, most relevant records were missed. These approaches were feasible to integrate into reviewer work processes.

Systematic review registration
Open Science Framework. 10.17605/OSF.IO/6M28H.
COVID-19-induced vascular angiopathy: CTPA signs in critically ill patients other than acute pulmonary embolism and high-lung opacity scores
Authors: khalifa Mohamed Hossameldin , Samir Ahmed , Baess Ayman Ibrahim , Hendawi Sara Samy 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundVascular angiopathy is suggested to be the major cause of silent hypoxia among COVID-19 patients without severe parenchymal involvement. However, pulmonologists and clinicians in intensive care units become confused when they encounter acute respiratory deterioration with neither severe parenchymal lung involvement nor acute pulmonary embolism. Other radiological vascular signs might solve this confusion. This study investigated otherindirect vascular angiopathy signson CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and involved a novel statistical analysis that was performed to determine the significance of associations between these signs and the CT opacity score of the pathological lung volume, which is calculated by an artificial intelligence system.ResultsThe study was conducted retrospectively, during September and October 2020, on73 patients with critical COVID-19who were admitted to the ICU with progressive dyspnea and low O2saturation on room air (PaO2< 93%). They included 53 males and 20 females (73%:27%), and their age ranged from 18 to 88 years (mean ± SD=53.3 ± 13.5).CT-pulmonary angiographywas performed for all patients, and anartificial intelligence systemwas utilized to quantitatively assess the diseased lung volume. The radiological data were analyzed by three expert consultant radiologists to reach consensus. A low CT opacity score (≤10) was found in 18 patients (24.7%), while a high CT opacity score (>10) was found in 55 patients (75.3%). Pulmonary embolism was found in 24 patients (32.9%); three of them had low CT opacity scores. Four other indirect vasculopathy CTPA signs were identified: (1) pulmonary vascular enlargement (57 patients—78.1%), (2) pulmonary hypertension (14 patients—19.2%), (3) vascular tree-in-bud pattern (10 patients—13.7%), and (4) pulmonary infarction (three patients—4.1%). There were no significant associations between these signs and the CT opacity score (0.3205–0.7551, all >0.05). Furthermore, both pulmonary vascular enlargement and the vascular tree-in-bud sign were found in patients without pulmonary embolism and low CT-severity scores (13/15–86.7% and 2/15–13.3%, respectively).ConclusionPulmonary vascular enlargement or, less commonly, vascular tree-in-bud pattern are both indirect vascular angiopathy signs on CTPA that can explain the respiratory deterioration which complicates COVID-19 in the absence of severe parenchymal involvement or acute pulmonary embolism.
Ultra-short-pulse high-average-power megahertz-repetition-rate coherent extreme-ultraviolet light source
Authors: Klas Robert , Kirsche Alexander , Gebhardt Martin , Buldt Joachim , Stark Henning , Hädrich Steffen , Rothhardt Jan , Limpert Jens 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHigh harmonic generation (HHG) enables coherent extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) radiation with ultra-short pulse duration in a table-top setup. This has already enabled a plethora of applications. Nearly all of these applications would benefit from a high photon flux to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and decrease measurement times. In addition, shortest pulses are desired to investigate fastest dynamics in fields as diverse as physics, biology, chemistry and material sciences. In this work, the up-to-date most powerful table-top XUV source with 12.9 ± 3.9 mW in a single harmonic line at 26.5 eV is demonstrated via HHG of a frequency-doubled and post-compressed fibre laser. At the same time the spectrum supports a Fourier-limited pulse duration of sub-6 fs in the XUV, which allows accessing ultrafast dynamics with an order of magnitude higher photon flux than previously demonstrated. This concept will greatly advance and facilitate applications of XUV radiation in science and technology and enable photon-hungry ultrafast studies.
Histology of larval eye-antennal disks and cephalic ganglia of Drosophila cultured in vitro
Authors: Schneider Imogene 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A description is given of the histological development of eye-antennal disks and cephalic ganglia of Drosophila melanogaster cultured in vitro for varying lengths of time. The eye-antennal disks do not evaginate but move only to a position normally attained in the late prepupal stage. The relative competence of the various cephalic organs to undergo differentiation is as follows (descending order) : antennal disks, eye disks, brain lobes, ventral ganglion. Possible explanations for this difference in differentiation capacity are given. In general, if a developmental sequence takes place in vivo within 24 h after puparium formation, the same sequence occurs in vitro without a serious time-lag. After this period, however, an interval of from 3 to 9 days is necessary for comparable development.