bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple parameters predicting extrahepatic recurrence after curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yoon Jae Hyun , Lee Won Jae , Kim Sun Min , Kim Kwang Tack , Cho Sung Bum , Kim Hee Joon , Ko Yang Seok , Kook Hyun Yi , Jun Chung Hwan , Choi Sung Kyu , Kim Ban Seok , Cho Seo Yeon , You Hye-Su , Lee Yohan , Son Seyeong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractExtrahepatic recurrence (EHR) after curative hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a poor prognosis. We investigated the features of EHR and identified its predictive factors. This retrospective study included 398 treatment-naive patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HCC at two tertiary hospitals. Multivariate Cox-regression analysis was performed to identify the variables associated with EHR. EHR was diagnosed in 94 patients (23.6%) over a median follow-up period of 5.92 years, most commonly in the lungs (42.6%). The 5-/10-year cumulative rates of HCC recurrence and EHR were 63.0%/75.6% and 18.1%/35.0%, respectively. The median time to EHR was 2.06 years. Intrahepatic HCC recurrence was not observed in 38.3% of patients on EHR diagnosis. On multivariate analysis, pathologic modified Union for International Cancer Control stage (III, IVa), surgical margin involvement, tumor necrosis, sum of tumor size > 7 cm, and macrovascular invasion were predictive factors of EHR. Four risk levels and their respective EHR rates were defined as follows: very low risk, 1-/5-year, 3.1%/11.6%; low risk, 1-/5-year, 12.0%/27.7%; intermediate risk, 1-/5-year, 36.3%/60.9%; and high risk, 1-year, 100.0%. Our predictive model clarifies the clinical course of EHR and could improve the follow-up strategy to improve outcomes.
The effect of pre-resection obesity on post-resection body composition after 75% small bowel resection in rats
Authors: Patel Neesha S. , Yanala Ujwal R. , Aravind Shruthishree , Reidelberger Roger D. , Thompson Jon S. , Carlson Mark A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn patients with short bowel syndrome, an elevated pre-resection Body Mass Index may be protective of post-resection body composition. We hypothesized that rats with diet-induced obesity would lose less lean body mass after undergoing massive small bowel resection compared to non-obese rats. Rats (CD IGS; age = 2 mo; N = 80) were randomly assigned to either a high-fat (obese rats) or a low-fat diet (non-obese rats), and fed ad lib for six months. Each diet group then was randomized to either underwent a 75% distal small bowel resection (massive resection) or small bowel transection with re-anastomosis (sham resection). All rats then were fed ad lib with an intermediate-fat diet (25% of total calories) for two months. Body weight and quantitative magnetic resonance-determined body composition were monitored. Preoperative body weight was 884 ± 95 versus 741 ± 75 g, and preoperative percent body fat was 35.8 ± 3.9 versus 24.9 ± 4.6%; high-fat vs. low fat diet, respectively (p < 0.0001); preoperative diet type had no effect on lean mass. Regarding total body weight, massive resection produced an 18% versus 5% decrease in high-fat versus low-fat rats respectively, while sham resection produced a 2% decrease vs. a 7% increase, respectively (p < 0.0001, preoperative vs. necropsy data). Sham resection had no effect on lean mass; after massive resection, both high-fat and low-fat rats lost lean mass, but these changes were not different between the latter two rat groups. The high-fat diet and low-fat diet induced obesity and marginal obesity, respectively. The massive resection produced greater weight loss in high-fat rats compared to low-fat rats. The type of dietary preconditioning had no effect on lean mass loss after massive resection. A protective effect of pre-existing obesity on lean mass after massive intestinal resection was not demonstrated.
The positive rates of hepatitis B surface antibody in youth after booster vaccination: a 4-year follow-up study with large sample
Authors: Zhu Xia , Wang Juan , Wang Ming , Du Ling-yao , Ji Yu-lin , Zhang Xuan , Tang Hong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a public issue in the world. Hepatitis B vaccination is widely used as an effective measure to prevent HBV infection. This large-sample study aimed to evaluate the positive rates of hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) in youth after booster vaccination.
Methods: A total of 37788 participants were divided into two groups according to the baseline levels of anti-HBs before booster vaccination: the negative group (anti-HBs(−)) and the positive group (anti-HBs(+)). Participants were tested for anti-HBs levels after receiving a booster vaccine at 1 and 4 years.
Results: The positive rates of anti-HBs were 34.50%, 73.80% and 67.32% before booster vaccination at 1 and 4 years after vaccination, respectively. At 4 years after the booster vaccination, the positive rates of 13–18 years were 47.54%, which was the lowest level among all youth age groups. In the anti-HBs(−) group, the positive conversion rates of anti-HBs were 74.62% at 1 year after receiving a booster vaccine, and 67.66% at 4 years after vaccination. In the anti-HBs(+) group, the positive maintenance rates of anti-HBs were 70.16% after 1 year, and 66.66% after 4 years. Compared with the baseline anti-HBs (+) group, the positive rates of the baseline anti-HBs(−) group were higher at 1 and 4 years after receiving the booster vaccine.
Conclusion: The positive rates of anti-HBs declined over time, especially the positive maintenance rates were the lowest at age of 13–18 years.
The Supine Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Test
Authors: Hoppes Carrie W. , Lambert Karen H. , Zalewski Chris , Pinto Robin , Burrows Holly , McCaslin Devin 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this clinical focus article is to describe a new method for assessment of superior semicircular canal dehiscence by laying the patient supine during Valsalva-induced nystagmus testing.

Method
The traditional Valsalva-induced nystagmus test is described, followed by a new method for assessment of superior semicircular dehiscence conducted by laying the patient supine during testing. A case study is presented to illustrate this new testing technique known as the Supine Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Test.

Results
It is hypothesized that during Valsalva-induced nystagmus testing performed in the upright, seated position, the dura mater could potentially seal the superior semicircular canal fistula, thereby concealing a defect in the bony labyrinth and yielding a false-negative test. To circumvent this, the patient should be placed in the supine position during Valsalva-induced nystagmus testing in order to prevent the dura mater from inadvertently sealing itself against the petrous portion of the temporal bone. The Supine Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Test may reveal the defect in the bony labyrinth and improve the sensitivity of the Valsalva-induced nystagmus test.

Conclusions
The Supine Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Test may be more sensitive for identifying superior semicircular canal dehiscence in patients with traditional symptoms and a negative Valsalva-induced nystagmus test in the seated position. While a case study is presented to illustrate the potential benefits of including the Supine Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Test in the battery of diagnostic tests, further research is needed in larger samples.
Modelling of a wave energy converter array with non‐linear power take‐off using a mixed time‐domain/frequency‐domain method
Authors: Wei Y. , Bechlenberg A. , Jayawardhana B. , Vakis A. I. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA mixed time‐domain/frequency‐domain method is proposed for modelling dense wave energy converter (WEC) arrays with non‐linear power take‐off (PTO). The model is based on a harmonic balance method which describes the system response in the frequency domain, while evaluating the non‐linear PTO force and solving the system equations of motion in the time domain. The non‐linear PTO force is computed with Lagrange multipliers. In order to apply the proposed method for WEC array responses in real sea states, the time series is split into time windows and the simulation is carried out individually per window. The method is demonstrated by investigating the dynamics of the Ocean Grazer WEC array (OG‐WEC) with an adaptable piston pumping system. The key parameters thought to possibly influence model accuracy, including the number of harmonic components, the length of the time window and overlay, are discussed. It is shown that the proposed model can significantly reduce the computational cost with an acceptable accuracy penalty.
Should We Repair the Pronator Quadratus in a Distal Radius Fracture with an Ulnar Styloid Base Fracture? A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Maniglio Mauro , Truong Victor , Zumstein Matthias , Bolliger Lilianna , McGarry Michelle H. , Lee Thay Q. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground Merits of repairing the pronator quadratus (PQ) to restore distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) stability after a volar approach remain controversial. Distal radius fractures are often associated with ulnar styloid fractures (USF). When involving the fovea, this USF can lead to a DRUJ instability. The PQ repair may be key in reducing this DRUJ instability.Methods This study aims to assess the biomechanical role of PQ repair in a cadaveric model of USF. In 17 forearm specimens, a USF including the fovea was executed. Positional changes of the DRUJ in forearm rotation and dorso-palmar (DP) translation were measured with variable loads (0, 2.5, and 5N) applied to the PQ origin.Results Forearm rotation and DP-translation decreased significantly with PQ loading of 5N, changing on average by 5 degrees and 0.6 mm, respectively.Conclusion We found a significant decrease in forearm rotation and DP-translation comparing a fully loaded PQ to an unloaded PQ in our cadaveric model.
Systematic derivation of hydrodynamic equations for viscoelastic phase separation
Authors: Spiller Dominic , Brunk Aaron , Habrich Oliver , Egger Herbert , Lukáčová-Medvid’ová Mária , Dünweg Burkhard 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present a detailed derivation of a simple hydrodynamic two-fluid model, which aims at the description of the phase separation of non-entangled polymer solutions, where viscoelastic effects play a role. It is directly based upon the coarse-graining of a well-defined molecular model, such that all degrees of freedom have a clear and unambiguous molecular interpretation. The considerations are based upon a free-energy functional, and the dynamics is split into a conservative and a dissipative part, where the latter satisfies the Onsager relations and the second law of thermodynamics. The model is therefore fully consistent with both equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The derivation proceeds in two steps: firstly, we derive an extended model comprising two scalar and four vector fields, such that inertial dynamics of the macromolecules and of the relative motion of the two fluids is taken into account. In the second step, we eliminate these inertial contributions and, as a replacement, introduce phenomenological dissipative terms, which can be modeled easily by taking into account the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The final simplified model comprises the momentum conservation equation, which includes both interfacial and elastic stresses, a convection–diffusion equation where interfacial and elastic contributions occur as well, and a suitably convected relaxation equation for the end-to-end vector field. In contrast to the traditional two-scale description that is used to derive rheological equations of motion, we here treat the hydrodynamic and the macromolecular degrees of freedom on the same basis. Nevertheless, the resulting model is fairly similar, though not fully identical, to models that have been discussed previously. Notably, we find a rheological constitutive equation that differs from the standard Oldroyd-B model. Within the framework of kinetic theory, this difference may be traced back to a different underlying statistical-mechanical ensemble that is used for averaging the stress. To what extent the model is able to reproduce the full phenomenology of viscoelastic phase separation is presently an open question, which shall be investigated in the future.
New European Metrology Network for advanced manufacturing
Authors: Przyklenk Anita , Balsamo Alessandro , O’Connor Daniel , Evans Alexander , Yandayan Tanfer , Akgöz Sibel Asli , Flys Olena , Phillips Dishi , Zeleny Vit , Czułek Dariusz , Meli Felix , Ragusa Carlo Stefano , Bosse Harald 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Advanced manufacturing has been identified as one of the key enabling technologies with applications in multiple industries. The growing importance of advanced manufacturing is reflected by an increased number of publications on this topic in recent years. Advanced manufacturing requires new and enhanced metrology methods to assure the quality of manufacturing processes and the resulting products. However, a high-level coordination of the metrology community is currently absent in this field and consequently this limits the impact of metrology developments on advanced manufacturing. In this article we introduce the new European Metrology Network (EMN) for Advanced Manufacturing within EURAMET, the European Association of National Metrology Institutes (NMIs). The EMN is intended to be operated sustainably by NMIs and Designated Institutes in close cooperation with stakeholders interested in advanced manufacturing. The objectives of the EMN are to set up a permanent stakeholder dialogue, to develop a Strategic Research Agenda for the metrology input required for advanced manufacturing technologies, to create and maintain a knowledge sharing programme and to implement a web-based service desk for stakeholders. The EMN development is supported by a Joint Network Project within the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research.
Role of measurement uncertainty in the comparison of average areal rainfall methods
Authors: Ribeiro A S , Almeida M C , Cox M G , Sousa J A , Martins L , Loureiro D , Brito R , Silva M , Soares A C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The main motivation for this research is the growing awareness of the impact of climate change and the increasing relevance of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, aiming to contribute to the measurement of quantities like precipitation and rate of rainfall. This knowledge is widely used in hydrology, climatology and meteorology, providing data and information applied in modelling, pattern definition and recognition, and forecasting. This work is concerned with estimating the average areal rainfall in a stipulated region from rainfall intensity observations made at measurement stations within that region. It focuses on three straightforward estimation approaches: the arithmetic mean method, the Thiessen polygon method and the isohyetal method. The evaluation of the associated measurement uncertainty, for which the law of propagation of uncertainty and a Monte Carlo method as described in guidance documents from the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology are applied, is the main consideration. The approaches described may be readily applied by practitioners. A comparison of results from applying these methods to a simple example is made. Such results are required for conformity assessment and support in urban management and water resources management worldwide.
Brain variability in dynamic resting-state networks identified by fuzzy entropy: a scalp EEG study
Authors: Li Fali , Jiang Lin , Liao Yuanyuan , Si Yajing , Yi Chanli , Zhang Yangsong , Zhu Xianjun , Yang Zhenglin , Yao Dezhong , Cao Zehong , Xu Peng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objective. Exploring the temporal variability in spatial topology during the resting state attracts growing interest and becomes increasingly useful to tackle the cognitive process of brain networks. In particular, the temporal brain dynamics during the resting state may be delineated and quantified aligning with cognitive performance, but few studies investigated the temporal variability in the electroencephalogram (EEG) network as well as its relationship with cognitive performance. Approach. In this study, we proposed an EEG-based protocol to measure the nonlinear complexity of the dynamic resting-state network by applying the fuzzy entropy. To further validate its applicability, the fuzzy entropy was applied into simulated and two independent datasets (i.e. decision-making and P300). Main results. The simulation study first proved that compared to the existing methods, this approach could not only exactly capture the pattern dynamics in time series but also overcame the magnitude effect of time series. Concerning the two EEG datasets, the flexible and robust network architectures of the brain cortex at rest were identified and distributed at the bilateral temporal lobe and frontal/occipital lobe, respectively, whose variability metrics were found to accurately classify different groups. Moreover, the temporal variability of resting-state network property was also either positively or negatively related to individual cognitive performance. Significance. This outcome suggested the potential of fuzzy entropy for evaluating the temporal variability of the dynamic resting-state brain networks, and the fuzzy entropy is also helpful for uncovering the fluctuating network variability that accounts for the individual decision differences.
Forecasting time series data containing outliers with the ARIMA additive outlier method
Authors: Laome Lilis , Adhi Wibawa Gusti Ngurah , Raya Rasas , Makkulau  , Asbahuna Abdul Rahman 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
ARIMA method is often used in time series data forecasting. However, when an outlier occurs or there is an observation value that is far from a set of data, forecasting with this method will provide a large residual so that the normality assumption is not met. One method developed from the ARIMA Method that overcomes outliers, is called the ARIMA Additive Outlier Method (ARIMA AO). The purpose of this study is to forecast time series data containing outliers with the ARIMA AO Method. This method can reduce the presence of outliers with iterative procedures. The data used is data on the number of foreign tourists visiting the Port of Tanjung Priok. The results obtained are that the model has a normal distribution residual and forecasting accuracy value with MSE and MAPE is smaller than the ARIMA.
A Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra-Wide Band Application Using HFSS Software
Authors: Venkateshkumar Udayamoorthy , Mega V , Rakshana P , Kumar A Mukesh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A rectangular microstrip patch antenna is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna is composed of a rectangular patch with a ground plane having compact profile, simple structure and easy for fabrication. The rectangular patch antenna is slotted with two type of rectangular and semi-circle slots so as to ensure a broad bandwidth. The antenna is constructed using a FR4 substrate with relative permittivity εr =4.4. The simulated results reveal that antenna shows impedance bandwidth 3.10 GHz-10.06 GHz and the VSWR< 2 through the impedance bandwidth and the return loss at that point is -10db. Different parameters like operating frequency, VSWR, radiation pattern, 3D polar plots are simulated using HFSS Software. The antenna can be used for ultra-wide band application. Finally, the proposed design has wide applications in the field of communication like Bluetooth operations, Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX, Telemedicine and UWB applications.
Application of the mini-batch adaptive method of random search (MAMRS) in problems of optimal in mean control of the trajectory pencils
Authors: Panteleev A V , Lobanov A V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the application of one of the new methods of constrained optimization to solve the problem of finding optimal control of a pencil of trajectories of nonlinear deterministic systems emanating from a given set of initial states. The structure of a feedback system is proposed, which contains a model of a control object, a measurement system model, a state observer that generates an estimate of the state vector from incoming measurements, and a regulator. The quality of control is assessed by the value of the average value of the functional determined on individual trajectories. Unknown control laws for the object model and the state observer are found in the form of expansions in terms of orthonormal systems of basic functions defined on the set of admissible states of the dynamic system. The problem of controlling a pencil of trajectories is reduced to the problem of parametric optimization, which is solved using a mini-batch adaptive random search method. A step-by-step algorithm for solving the problem is proposed, which is demonstrated by solving the problem of tracking various coordinates of a dynamical system according to the measurement results. The influence of the mini-batch size on the achieved tracking accuracy is investigated.
Stochastic identification of the “Object-attribute” table based on the modified Rabiner’s method
Authors: Shalagin S , Nurutdinova A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article is about solving the problem of stochastic identification of the “Object-attribute” table based on subsets of stochastic ergodic matrices. The table has N rows and m columns. The identification is based on the implementation of the modified Rabiner’s method. We assume that the elements of m columns of the table are a discrete Markov chain of length N. The identification of each column is based on calculating the maximum probability that the Markov chain is generated based on the distribution law represented by one ergodic stochastic matrix from a given subset. An algorithm for solving this problem is proposed. Estimates of the time and hardware complexity of this algorithm, which are executed in parallel on a distributed computing system, are obtained. The dependence of the obtained estimates on the number of rows and columns of the identified table is determined. The value of N has a linear effect on the time complexity of an algorithm that implements MMR and is executed in parallel. A promising direction for future research is the distributed implementation of the proposed Algorithm.
The potential of the materials as the economic security’s factor of innovative projects
Authors: Bondarenko A , Burdina A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to reveal the specifics of assessing the potential of the material’s economic safety of the aviation product. The strategic directions of the aviation materials’ development and technologies of the Russian Federation have been studied. There was mentioned the necessity for analysis and assessment of the development level of the design base involved in the development and the creation of the aviation equipment at the enterprises: from the materials of the structural elements to the service support (for the purpose of import substitution). The article offers a categorical measure of the potential of the materials analysis. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the study of the economic safety of the product in the context of the elements: material, technical and technological, personnel, service and financial potential. As a result, a new meaningful interpretation of the concept of ‘economic safety of a product’ is given, an additive-multiplicative model for analyzing the level of the potential of the materials’development of an innovative project of the aviation industry is shown and an element of methodological tools for the assessing the level of the potential of the materials’development of a product is presented.