bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microsurgical clipping of middle cerebral artery aneurysms: preoperative planning using virtual reality to reduce procedure time
Authors: Steineke Thomas C. , Barbery Daniela 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE
The authors sought to evaluate the impact of virtual reality (VR) applications for preoperative planning and rehearsal on the total procedure time of microsurgical clipping of middle cerebral artery (MCA) ruptured and unruptured aneurysms compared with standard surgical planning.

METHODS
A retrospective review of 21 patients from 2016 to 2019 was conducted to determine the impact on the procedure time of MCA aneurysm clipping after implementing VR for preoperative planning and rehearsal. The control group consisted of patients whose procedures were planned with standard CTA and DSA scans (n = 11). The VR group consisted of patients whose procedures were planned with a patient-specific 360° VR (360VR) model (n = 10). The 360VR model was rendered using CTA and DSA data when available. Each patient was analyzed and scored with a case complexity (CC) 5-point grading scale accounting for aneurysm size, incorporation of M2 branches, and aspect ratio, with 1 being the least complex and 5 being the most complex. The mean procedure times were compared between the VR group and the control group, as were the mean CC score between the groups. Comorbidities and aneurysm conduction (ruptured vs unruptured) were also taken into consideration for the comparison.

RESULTS
The mean CC scores for the control group and VR group were 2.45 ± 1.13 and 2.30 ± 0.48, respectively. CC was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.69). The mean procedure time was significantly lower for the VR group compared with the control group (247.80 minutes vs 328.27 minutes; p = 0.0115), particularly for the patients with a CC score of 2 (95% CI, p = 0.0064). A Charlson Comorbidity Index score was also calculated for each group, but no statistical significance was found (VR group, 2.8 vs control group, 1.8, p = 0.14).

CONCLUSIONS
In this study, usage of 360VR models for planning the craniotomy and rehearsing with various clip sizes and configurations resulted in an 80-minute decrease in procedure time. These findings have suggested the potential of VR technology in improving surgical efficiency for aneurysm clipping procedures regardless of complexity, while making the procedure faster and safer.
Gospel Stories in the Works of V. V. Vereshchagin
Authors: Дружинин Алексей Александрович 
Published: August 2021

В наследии русских реалистов второй половины XIX в. существует большая группа произведений на евангельский сюжет, решенных по законам станковой картины, в принципах исторического жанра и предназначавшихся для светских выставок. Уникальность этого явления заключается в том, что художники, в отличие от предыдущего времени, создавали их не только по заказу, но и из внутренней потребности, по личной инициативе. Это произведения Г. Ге, В. Г. Перова, И. Н. Крамского, В. И. Сурикова, И. Е. Репина, В. Д. Поленова, В. Е. Маковского, Г. Г. Мясоедова, К. А. Савицкого и, конечно же, В. В. Верещагина.
In the heritage of Russian realists of the second half of the XIX century there is a large group of works on an evangelical plot, solved according to the laws of easel painting, in the principles of historical genre and intended for secular exhibitions. The uniqueness of this phenomenon lies in the fact that artists, in contrast to the previous time, created them not only by order, but also from inner need, on personal initiative. This is the work of N. G. Ge, V. G. Perova, N. Kramskoy, V. I. Surikov, I. E. Repin, V. D. Polenova, V. E. Makovsky, G. G. Myasoedova, K. A. Savitsky and, of course, V. V. Vereshchagin.
The Horka Litter Raking Incident: On Foresters and Peasants in Nineteenth-Century Moravia
Authors: Szabó Péter 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Litter raking was a traditional forest use representing an interface between forestry and agriculture. In forest history, it has usually been presented as the harmful removal by peasants of biomass, which was gradually eliminated by foresters, leading to better forest preservation. Based on the example of an exceptionally well-documented case of illegal litter raking in Moravia in 1845, in this paper I argue that juxtaposing foresters and peasants in connection with litter raking masks a much more complicated reality. Neither foresters nor peasants can be interpreted as homogeneous groups because there were significant differences in the opinions and agendas of various representatives within these groups. In addition, opinions were not static on either side but could change in a discursive pattern. In a wider context, the environmental historical analysis of the Horka litter raking incident facilitates the understanding of larger societal processes that influenced past woodland management in Central Europe, and therefore current ecosystems too.
ANALISIS FRAMING PEMBERITAAN KOMPAS.COM TENTANG COVID-19 DI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Simatupang Rosida 
Published: August 2021

Handling the Covid-19 virus outbreak in Indonesia since its emergence in March 2020 requires targeted policies both at the national and regional levels. The spread and handlers of the Covid-19 virus are a concern because the number is increasing dramatically. Jakarta as the capital of the country becomes a parameter for other regions in the handling of Covid-19. The outbreak of global pandemic status certainly attracted the attention of the mass media, including online media. With the ability to construct reality, online media has the power to process facts and data in such a way, in accordance with its interests. Researchers will analyze the news with framing analysis to find out the construction of Kompas.com in the news of COVID-19 in DKI Jakarta.This study aims to analyze how framing Kompas.com news about COVID-19 in DKI Jakarta. The research method used is qualitative with framing analysis of Pan and Kosicki models. The results of the study suggest that Kompas.com tends to support governor Anis Baswedan's policy of quarantine the DKI Jakarta area, then Kompas.com does not meet the principle of accuracy in running disaster journalism because it does not verify data.
STRATEGI BERTAHAN CAFE MELALUI PENDEKATAN INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sari Jihan Indah , Susilo Joko 
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 Pandemic affects all sectors around the world, including economic sector especially in culinary bussines field. The impact of covid-19 is felt directly by bingsoo cafe, such as income has dropped and there is no customer that comes by due to government's policy which forces people to stay at home. The purpose of this research is to describe the defensive strategy by bingsoo cafe through the approach of integrated marketing communications (IMC), so that it can continue to defense and adapt to the bussines situation of Covid-19 pandemic. The method of this research is qualitative with observation technique and deep interview. The result of this research indicates that bingsoo cafe applies the strategy of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) by combining 9 out of 12 elements of promotion. Those elements are Advertising, Social Media And Website/Internet Marketing, Personal Selling, Public Relations, Sales Promotion, Point Of Sale And Merchandising, Corporate Identity, Packaging, And Word Of Mouth.
Abnormalitas Morfologi Fetus Mencit Mus Musculus L. setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Suruhan Peperomia Pellucida L. Kunth
Authors: Busman Hendri , Nurcahyani Nuning , Widiastuti Endang Linirin , Nurkholiza Nurkholiza , Salsabila Qotrunnada 
Published: August 2021

Tanaman suruhan memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yaitu saponin, flavonoid, dan alkaloid yang diduga berpotensi mengakibatkan sitotoksik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keamanan dalam mengonksumsi tanaman suruhan, terutama apabila dikonsumsi oleh ibu hamil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan berat badan, panjang fetus, panjang ekstremitas depan dan belakang fetus mencit setelah pemberian ekstrak etanol suruhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor mencit betina yang sudah bunting dibagi dalam 4 kelompok yaitu kelompok K yang merupakan kelompok kontrol, P1 yang diberi ekstrak etanol suruhan 1,68 mg/30 g BB, P2 yang diberi ekstrak etanol suruhan 3,36 mg/30 g BB, dan P3 yang diberi ekstrak etanol suruhan 6,72 mg/30 g BB. Semua kelompok mencit betina diberi ekstrak suruhan secara oral dimulai hari ke-6 kebuntingan sampai hari ke-17. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji Anova dengan taraf signifikasi α = 5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT dengan taraf signifikasi α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol suruhan meningkatkan berat badan, panjang badan, panjang ekstremitas depan dan belakang fetus mencit. Berdasarkan analisis statistik One Way Anova taraf α = 5%, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p > 0,05) terhadap berat badan fetus mencit, namun terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p < 0,05) terhadap panjang badan, panjang ekstremitas depan dan belakang fetus mencit.
Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in detection of pregnancy associated breast cancer
Authors: Mehmood Zainab , Shahzad Rafia , Fatima Ismat , Shahid Abubaker 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Some unique physiological changes occur in breast volume and water content during pregnancy which makes the radiological evaluation of the breast difficult. As a result, diagnosis of Pregnancy Associated Breast Cancer. is often delayed.
Objective: To find out the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in detection of pregnancy associated breast cancer taking histopathology as gold standard.
Methodology: Present Cross-sectional study was carried out at INMOL Hospital, Lahore. Ultrasound of 200 women was performed. The patient was laid supine and then turned slightly in oblique position to scan the breast with high frequency linear probe (7.5-10 MHz). The contra-lateral breast and both axillae were also scanned in the same way. Findings were categorized on the basis of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) assessment categories. Subsequently the breast tissue was sent to histopathology laboratory for tissue diagnosis. The pathologist was blinded of the results of ultrasonography.
Results: Mean age was 34 ± 11.36 years. Twenty-eight percent patients were primi-para while 72% patients were multi-para. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography taking histopathology as gold standard was analyzed and ultrasonography had sensitivity 84.78%, specificity 98.05%, positive predictive value 92.85%, negative predictive value 95.56% and diagnostic accuracy was 95%. Invasive ductal carcinoma was most commonly observed (P<0.001) malignant histopathology. On the other hand, significantly high (P = 0.033) number of benign lesions were Fibroadenomas.
Conclusion: The high sensitivity and specificity along with easy availability, and non-invasive nature makes ultrasonography a very useful technique for the diagnosis of Pregnancy Associated Breast Cancer.
Critical thinking dispositions of baccalaureate nursing students and their educators: A cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Sultana Nuzhat , Gul Raisa Begum 
Published: August 2021

Background: Critical thinking is an imperative outcome of nursing education. However, several factors contribute to the development of critical being including critical thinking dispositions (CTDs).
Objective: This study aimed to assess the critical thinking dispositions and factors affecting critical thinking dispositions of BScN students and their educators in twin city Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan.
Methodology: A cross- sectional analytical design was used in this study. A consecutive sample of 215 BScN students and 63 educators participated in the study. Data were collected via Pakistan-Critical Thinking Dispositions Scale (P-CTDS) comprising 54 items under the seven constructs; responses were measured on 5-points Likert scale. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 22.
Results: The findings showed that 52% of the educators were at the developed level of CTDs and nearly 48% at the developing level; whereas 76% students were inclined towards CTD and only 23% were found at the developed level of CTDs. Although with considerable difference in the scores of the 7 constructs, both, students and educators obtained highest scores on inquisitiveness and contextual perspective. Similarly, students and educators obtained low score on open-mindedness. The difference between students and their teachers was statistically significant for the total scores of CTDs as well as for the scores of six of seven constructs.
Conclusion: Although educators exhibited stronger CTDs than their students, both have room for improvement, specifically their open mindedness. If educators are willing to challenge their personal assumptions, students will also emulate them.
Recommendations for management of burn patients in context of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rashid Sajid 
Published: August 2021

It has been reported from china that burn centers have the highest risk of COVID-19 infection. The virus is highly contagious and damaging and mortality rate as high as 61.5% has been reported. Burn patients have low level of immunity, lack skin barrier and are prone to infections. Due to these facts, they have less ability to fight against the corona virus, so surgical practices for management of burn patients should be modified to prevent the spread of infection and decrease mortality. Keeping these facts in mind, we adopted certain changes in the protocols for management of burn patients at Rawalian burn center, Rawalpindi Pakistan. We are presenting new recommendations which were followed at the burn center during COVID-19 pandemic. These are the first ever recommendations from any burn center of Pakistan since the start of recent pandemic. With help of literature search we identified risk factors for infection during the course of treatment of burn patients. These recommendations include alterations in structural layout, administration procedures, burn patient care like the introduction of telemedicine, online appointment system and use of online messaging applications i.e., WhatsApp, staff training and strategies like online learning system to provide new knowledge regarding COVID-19 continuously. Issues of staff like over work, availability of personal protective equipment (PPEs), and their health-related anxiety and fear should be addressed properly for the prevention of burn out syndrome in them.
Influence of various demographic factors on nutritional status of children under five years of age
Authors: Aaraj Sahira , Halim Alia , Rehman Syed Kaleem ur , Zaman Iffat Fatima , Ahmed Sameera 
Published: August 2021

Background: Malnutrition in under five children is prevalent in our country. It makes them prone to infections and increases child mortality. This can be controlled by identifying and modifying the predisposing factors.
Objective: To assess nutritional status and to analyze the influence of various demographic factors on nutritional status of under five children.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shifa Falahi and Community Health center in Islamabad. Children under five years of age were included. Information was collected from mothers on a self-designed questionnaire. Weight and height of children was recorded and classified according to WHO Z score. Data was evaluated on SPSS 20. Univariate analysis was done to determine independent effect of each predictor on outcome.
Results: Total of 280 patients were enrolled. 162 (57. 9%) of them were malnourished. Stunting was seen in 24.6% cases, while 26.1% were underweight. Wasting was seen in 19.6% cases. More males were stunted (27.9%) and underweight (27.27%) as compared to females (21.2%) and (24.8%) respectively. Low household income (p value 0.014), poor maternal education (p value 0.018), joint family system (0.002), unboiled drinking water (0.008) and repeated diarrheas (0.02) were found significantly associated with malnutrition. Most of the mothers (>75%) had adequate knowledge of breast feeding, vaccination, seeking medical advice for their babies.
Conclusion: All forms of childhood malnutrition are prevalent. Poor socioeconomic status and maternal illiteracy are strong contributors towards malnutrition. Unboiled drinking water and diarrheas are further aggravating the nutritional status of children.
Effects of Surah Al-Rehman on pain, oxygen-saturation, and vital signs in post CABG patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Gul Raisa Begum , Batool Shumaila 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The main objective of the study was to determine the effects of Surah Al-Rehman on post CABG patients’ pain level, oxygen saturation, and vital signs.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental pre and post-test design was used with a sample size of 60 patients in two tertiary care Hospitals, from July 2018 to September 2018. A non-probability convenient sampling method was used to recruit the participants. Post CABG adult Muslim patients were the study participants. Surah Al-Rehman’s recitation in the voice of the Qari Abdul Basit was the intervention for the current study. At a significance level of p-value ≤ 0.05, a repeated measure ANOVA was applied to determine the effects of Surah Al-Rehman on the outcome variables, which were patient’s pain level, oxygen saturation level, and vital signs including heart rate [HR], respiratory rate [RR], systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Results: Overall, Surah Al Rehman had shown statistically significant effects on the participants’ pain level (p<0.001), oxygen saturation level (p=0.01), respiratory rate (p<0.001), and diastole blood pressure (DBP, p=0.04). A minimum change in the pre and post values of HR and systolic blood pressure (SBP) was also observed, but statistically, this change was insignificant (HR, p=0.13 & SBP, p=0.47).
Conclusion: Findings of the current study demonstrated that listening to the recitation of Surah Al-Rehman could decrease pain level, RR, DBP and enhance oxygen-saturation in post CABG patients.
Effect of parental relationships on stress levels of students in a medical college
Authors: Hussain Ashraf , Khan Hamza Mustufa , Ahmer Hania , Zafar Shahmeer , Altaf Saad Bin , Ahmed Sajjeel , Awais Safura 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Multiple studies have been conducted on the theme of stress faced by medical students due to the load of medical education and lack of adequate stress coping skills which may affect the students variedly.
Objective: To critically assess stress levels in medical students of Shifa College of Medicine (a private medical college in Islamabad, Pakistan) and the quality of relationship between students and parents, thereby studying a relationship between the two.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of Shifa College of Medicine. A sample size of 315 students filled a pretested student stress questionnaire, which was made using the student life stress inventory survey consisting of 34 questions. Data was then analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results: Increased levels of stress were found to be common among medical students with a prevalence of 53.3% among our study group. A total of 65.7% students face stress due to the increased expectations of their parents. There was a positive correlation (p<0.05) between stress faced by medical students and their relationship with parents. Academics, lack of recreational time and high self-expectations were also major contributors to student stress.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a positive relationship between parental involvement and medical student stress at Shifa College of Medicine, which manifested in the form of excessively high parental aspirations, leading to adverse effects on the academic, social and personal life of a medical student.
Impact of breast cancer awareness health campaigns on knowledge of female educationalists of Islamabad and Rawalpindi; an interventional study
Authors: Naeem Zahid , Nadeem Mahrukh , Kamil Musa , Ayub Aiman , Nawaz Kalsoom , Karim Sabiha , Hassan Ali 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer in women worldwide. WHO statistics show 1.2 million new cases every year. Pakistan reports nearly 40,000 lives from Breast Cancer annually.
Objective: To evaluate existing awareness levels regarding breast cancer among female educationalists in twin cities and to counsel the participants about diagnostic tools such as mammographic-screening and breast self-examination
Methodology: The study design was an interventional community trial and was conducted on female teachers aged 30-60 years. Data was collected by a questionnaire, given before and after the interactive session to evaluate its impacts. SPSS Version 23 was used for data entry analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the quantitative and qualitative variables. McNemar’s test was applied for this. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: Total number of participants was 106 women with a median age of 43.3 years (range of age 31-54 years). Before intervening, 67 (63.2%) participants had no knowledge of mammographic-screening and 15 (14.2%) participants didn’t know the definitive way of diagnosing it. 2 After intervention, mammogram was selected to be the definitive way of diagnosing breast cancer by 91 (85.8%) participants. 91(85.8%) participants would encourage close family and friends to get screened. 104 (98.1%) of women had become familiar with technique of self-examination, as compared to 63 (59.4%) before.
Conclusion: Misconceptions about risk factors, screening methods and diagnostic procedures were identified and elucidated. This encouraged participants to start performing regular self-exams and get mammograms.
DISTRIBUTION OF SUBSURFACE QUATERNARY SEDIMENT IN SOUTH BINTAN ISLAND WATERS AS A POTENTIAL HEAVY MINERAL PLACER OR RARE EARTH ELEMENT DEPOSIT BASED ON SEISMIC INTERPRETATION
Authors: Zulfikar Muhammad , Nurdin Nazar , Aryanto Noor Cahyo Dwi , Syafri Ildrem , Muljana Budi , Nur Andi Agus 
Published: August 2021

Bintan Island is one of the areas traversed by the Southeast Asian granitoid belt which is known to have the potential for heavy mineral placer deposits. Due to the dwindling presence of heavy mineral placer deposits in land areas, it is necessary to look for the potential presence of heavy mineral placer deposits in water areas. Searching for placer heavy mineral deposits accomodation in these waters requires subsurface mapping.The method used in this subsurface mapping is a single channel seismic method with a total of 179 lines in the direction of northeast – southwest and west – east. The results of this seismic recording are then interpreted the boundaries of the seismic facies unit and distributed using the kriging method. Furthermore, the thickness calculates by using the assumption velocity 1600 m/s.Based on the facies unit boundaries that have been interpreted, the quaternary sediments that formed in the study area are divided into 2 types of units, namely: Unit 2 which is estimated to be fluvial – transitional sediment, and Unit 1 which is estimated to be transitional sediment – shallow sea. There is also a difference in thickness patterns in these two units, where unit 2 shows a pattern of sediment thickening that resembles a paleochannel trending northeast – southwest, while unit 1 is relatively uniform.From the results of this study, it can be said that the area that has potential for heavy mineral placer deposits is in the west - center of the southern waters of Bintan Island. Where the potential for heavy mineral placer deposits should be in the paleochannel deposits that are part of Unit 2.