bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory Effects of Secondary Metabolites from the Lichen Stereocaulon evolutum on Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B
Authors: Waltenberger Birgit , Lohézic-Le Dévéhat Françoise , Vu Thi Huyen , Delalande Olivier , Lalli Claudia , Reider Stefanie , Ferron Solenn , Boustie Joel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractProtein tyrosine phosphatase 1B plays a significant role in type 2 diabetes mellitus and other diseases and is therefore considered a new drug target. Within this study, an acetone extract from the lichen Stereocaulon evolutum was identified to possess strong protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibition in a cell-free assay (IC50 of 11.8 µg/mL). Fractionation of this bioactive extract led to the isolation of seven known molecules belonging to the depsidones and the related diphenylethers and one new natural product, i.e., 3-butyl-3,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-1(3H)-isobenzofurane. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Two depsidones, lobaric acid and norlobaric acid, and the diphenylether anhydrosakisacaulon A potently inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with IC50 values of 12.9, 15.1, and 16.1 µM, respectively, which is in the range of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B
inhibitory activity of the positive control ursolic acid (IC50 of 14.4 µM). Molecular simulations performed on the eight compounds showed that i) a contact between the molecule and the four main regions of the protein is required for inhibitory activity, ii) the relative rigidity of the depsidones lobaric acid and norlobaric acid and the reactivity related to hydrogen bond donors or acceptors, which interact with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B key amino acids, are involved in the bioactivity on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, iii) the cycle opening observed for diphenylethers decreased the inhibition, except for anhydrosakisacaulon A where its double bond on C-8 offsets this loss of activity, iv) the function present at C-8 is a determinant for the inhibitory effect on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, and v) the more hydrogen bonds with Arg221 there are, the more anchorage is favored.
Einfluss des Beginns auf das Ergebnis einer spezialisierten Handrehabilitation bei beruflichen Handverletzungen
Authors: Millrose Michael , Kim Simon , Eichenauer Frank , Gesslein Markus , Eisenschenk Andreas , Asmus Ariane 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungZiel Ziel der Studie war die Auswertung der Ergebnisse einer spezialisierten interdisziplinären Handrehabilitation in Abhängigkeit vom zeitlichen Abstand zwischen der Verletzung und dem Beginn der Rehabilitation.Patienten und Methoden Mit Hilfe von punktebasierten Fragebögen (Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score [DASH-Score], European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions [EQ-5D]) und objektiven Messparametern (TAM = Total Active Motion bei Fingerverletzungen, ROM = Range of Motion bei Handgelenksverletzungen, Grobkraft) wurden die Ergebnisse von 76 Patienten mit Verletzungen von Fingern und Handgelenken oder einem komplexen regionalen Schmerzsyndrom (CRPS) zu Beginn, am Ende und bei der Nachuntersuchung 12–16 Wochen nach Ende der semistationären Rehabilitation analysiert. Die Patienten wurden in Gruppen mit einem frühen (< 120 Tage nach Trauma) bzw. späten Beginn der Rehabilitation aufgeteilt.Ergebnisse Patienten mit frühem Beginn der Rehabilitation hatten bei der Nachuntersuchung signifikant bessere Ergebnisse beim DASH-Score als auch beim Bewegungsausmaß des Handgelenkes. Auch waren signifikant mehr Patienten mit frühem Rehabilitationsbeginn zum Ende der Rehabilitation als auch bei der Nachuntersuchung arbeitsfähig als Patienten mit spätem Beginn der Rehabilitation. Insbesondere Patienten mit Fingerverletzungen und CRPS profitierten von einem frühen Beginn der Rehabilitation.Schlussfolgerung Ein früher Beginn der Rehabilitation nach Finger- und Handverletzungen sowie bei einem CRPS führt zu funktionell besseren Ergebnissen, wobei vor allem Patienten mit CRPS von einem frühen Beginn profitieren.
Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Serie A Soccer Players’ Physical Qualities
Authors: Rampinini Ermanno , Donghi Federico , Martin Marco , Bosio Andrea , Riggio Marco , Maffiuletti Nicola A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced most activities in Italy, including soccer, to cease. During lockdown, players could only train at home, with limited evidence regarding the effect of this period. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 lockdown on professional soccer players’ physical performance. Aerobic fitness and vertical jump were assessed before and after four periods in two different seasons: COVID-19 lockdown, competitive period before lockdown, competitive period and summer break of the 2016–2017 season. Linear mixed models were used to examine within-period changes and between-period differences in changes observed during COVID-19 lockdown and the three other periods. Within-period changes in aerobic fitness showed a significant improvement following COVID-19 lockdown (p<0.001) and a significant decline during summer break (p<0.001). Between-period differences were significant in the comparison of COVID-19 lockdown with both the competitive 2019–2020 season (p<0.01) and summer break (p<0.001). For the vertical jump, only the between-period comparison revealed significant differences as the changes associated with COVID-19 lockdown were worse than those of the two competitive periods, for both absolute (p<0.05; p<0.001) and relative peak power (p<0.01; p<0.001). Home-based training during lockdown was effective to improve aerobic fitness, although it did not allow players to maintain their competitive period’s power levels.
Wassergefiltertes Infrarot A (wIRA) bei Gonarthrose – eine prospektive randomisierte kontrollierte Studie
Authors: Schuester Leon , Liebl Max Emanuel , Stroux Andrea , Reißhauer Anett 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Gonarthrose ist die am weitesten verbreitete Gelenkerkrankung der Welt und hat in Deutschland eine Prävalenz von 10,6 %. Wassergefilterte Infrarot-A Strahlung (wIRA) wird unter anderem zur physikalischen Therapie von Morbus Bechterew und Arthritis psoriatica erfolgreich angewendet. Die wIRA-Behandlung für Gonarthrose zeigte schon in einer Patientenbeobachtung 1995 (n=20) positive Effekte. Diese Ergebnisse sollen nun mittels RCT verifiziert werden.
Material und Methoden In einer randomisiert-kontrollierten Studie wurden n=108 Probanden mit Gonarthrose eingeschlossen. Die Probanden der Interventionsgruppe bestrahlten ihr beschwerdedominantes Knie im häuslichen Umfeld über den Zeitraum von 30 Tagen jeweils mindestens eine Stunde pro Tag. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt keine, über die zuvor bereits durchgeführten Therapiemaßnahmen hinausgehende, Intervention (Standardtherapie). Zu Beginn und Ende der Studie wurden alle Teilnehmer klinisch evaluiert (Bewegungsumfang, Einbeinstand, KOOS, Schmerzen, Lebensqualität), zusätzlich wurden wöchentliche Befragungen durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Die belastungsabhängigen Knieschmerzen zeigten sich bereits nach 2 Wochen statistisch signifikant reduziert (VAS−12 vs. − 2 mm; p<0,001). Dieser Effekt verstärkte sich über den kompletten Studienzeitraum (VAS−18 vs. − 4 mm; − 25,7 vs. − 5%; p<0,001). Die Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität konnten reduziert werden (VAS − 8 vs. 0 mm; − 12,1 vs. 0%; p<0,001). Der KOOS zeigte in allen Teilbereichen eine Verbesserung, die keine statistische Signifikanz erreichen konnte. Verglichen mit der Kontrollgruppe gaben zu Ende der Studie doppelt so viele Probanden der Interventionsgruppe (20 vs. 10) an, unbegrenzt weit schmerzfrei gehen zu können.
Schlussfolgerung Der Einsatz von wIRA bei Gonarthrose zeigt sich als Therapieoption, die Schmerzen unter Belastung signifikant reduzieren und die Lebensqualität der Patienten signifikant steigern kann.
Anwendung von Wearables bei Multipler Sklerose
Authors: Monschein Tobias , Leutmezer Fritz , Altmann Patrick 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungWearables sind mit Sensoren ausgestattete Geräte oder Funktionskleidung, welche im Bereich der Multiplen Sklerose bis dato v. a. zur Messung von Bewegung in Form von Accelerometern in Verwendung sind. Im Gegensatz zu technisch aufwendigen Ganganalysesystemen und neurologischen Funktionstests können solche Wearables im Alltag einfach eingesetzt werden und bieten die Möglichkeit Ausmaß, Geschwindigkeit und Dauer von Bewegung auch über längere Zeiträume zu erfassen. Zusätzlich können auch spezifischere Parameter wie Schrittlänge, Bewegungsumfang einzelner Gelenke sowie physiologische und pathologische Bewegungsmuster dokumentiert werden. Die durch Accelerometer erhobenen Informationen korrelieren gut mit der körperlichen Aktivität im Alltag, kardiorespiratorischen Biomarkern der Bewegung, dem Ausmaß der Behinderung aber auch mit technisch aufwendigen Ganganalysen.Insofern werden Wearables in Zukunft eine immer wichtigere Rolle spielen, wenn es darum geht, die Beweglichkeit als einen der wichtigsten Faktoren der Lebensqualität von Personen mit MS im Alltag reliabel und einfach zu messen.
Wearables bei Epilepsien
Authors: Surges Rainer 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungEpileptische Anfälle führen zu verschiedensten körperlichen Symptomen, die je nach Art und Ausprägung mit geeigneten Geräten gemessen werden und als Surrogatmarker epileptischer Anfälle dienen können. Dominierende motorische Symptome können mit Beschleunigungssensoren oder elektromyografisch erfasst werden. Bei fokalen Anfällen mit fehlender oder geringer motorischer Beteiligung können autonome Phänomene wie Änderungen der Herzrate, Atmung und des elektrischen Hautwiderstandes per Elektrokardiografie, Photopletysmografie und Hautsensoren gemessen werden. Die in den heutigen Wearables integrierten Sensoren können diese Körpersignale messen und zur automatisierten Anfallserkennung nutzbar machen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden verschiedene Sensortechnologien, Wearables und deren Anwendung zur automatisierten Erkennung epileptischer Anfälle vorgestellt, Gütekriterien zur Einschätzung mobiler Gesundheitstechnologien diskutiert und klinisch geprüfte Systeme zusammengefasst.
DNA Barcoding of St. Johnʼs wort (Hypericum spp.) Growing Wild in North-Eastern Greece
Authors: Pyrka Ioanna , Stefanaki Anastasia , Vlachonasios Konstantinos E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPlants of the genus Hypericum, commonly known as “St. Johnʼs wort” (“spathohorto” or “valsamo” in Greek), have been used since antiquity for their therapeutic properties. Wild-harvested Hypericum plants are still popular today in herbal medicines, commercially exploited due to their bioactive compounds, hypericin and hyperforin, which have antidepressant, antimicrobial and antiviral activity. Species identification of commercial products is therefore important and DNA barcoding, a molecular method that uses small sequences of organismsʼ genome as barcodes, can be useful in this direction. In this study, we collected plants of the genus Hypericum that grow wild in North-Eastern Greece and explored the efficiency of matK, and trnH-psbA regions as DNA barcodes for their identification. We focused on 5 taxa, namely H. aucheri, H. montbretii, H. olympicum, H. perforatum subsp. perforatum, and H. thasium, the latter a
rare Balkan endemic species collected for the first time from mainland Greece. matK (using the genus-specific primers designed herein), trnH-psbA, and their combination were effectively used for the identification of the 5 Hypericum taxa and the discrimination of different H. perforatum subsp. perforatum populations. These barcodes were also able to discriminate Greek populations of H. perforatum, H. aucheri, H. montbretii, and H. olympicum from populations of the same species growing in other countries.
Deficiency of Endothelial CD40 Induces a Stable Plaque Phenotype and Limits Inflammatory Cell Recruitment to Atherosclerotic Lesions in Mice
Authors: Gissler Mark Colin , Scherrer Philipp , Anto-Michel Nathaly , Pennig Jan , Hoppe Natalie , Füner Lisa , Härdtner Carmen , Stachon Peter , Li Xiaowei , Mitre Lucia Sol , Marchini Timoteo , Madl Josef , Wadle Carolin , Hilgendorf Ingo , von zur Mühlen Constantin , Bode Christoph , Weber Christian , Lutgens Esther , Wolf Dennis , Gerdes Norbert , Zirlik Andreas , Willecke Florian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives The co-stimulatory CD40L–CD40 dyad exerts a critical role in atherosclerosis by modulating leukocyte accumulation into developing atherosclerotic plaques. The requirement for cell-type specific expression of both molecules, however, remains elusive. Here, we evaluate the contribution of CD40 expressed on endothelial cells (ECs) in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.
Methods and Results Atherosclerotic plaques of apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe

−/−
) mice and humans displayed increased expression of CD40 on ECs compared with controls. To interrogate the role of CD40 on ECs in atherosclerosis, we induced EC-specific (BmxCreERT2-driven) deficiency of CD40 in Apoe

−/−
mice. After feeding a chow diet for 25 weeks, EC-specific deletion of CD40 (iEC-CD40) ameliorated plaque lipid deposition and lesional macrophage accumulation but increased intimal smooth muscle cell and collagen content, while atherosclerotic lesion size did not change. Leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall was impaired in iEC-CD40-deficient mice as demonstrated by intravital microscopy. In accord, expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the vascular endothelium declined after deletion of CD40. In vitro, antibody-mediated inhibition of human endothelial CD40 significantly abated monocyte adhesion on ECs.
Conclusion Endothelial deficiency of CD40 in mice promotes structural features associated with a stable plaque phenotype in humans and decreases leukocyte adhesion. These results suggest that endothelial-expressed CD40 contributes to inflammatory cell migration and consecutive plaque formation in atherogenesis.
Advances in Immuno-oncology for the Treatment of Colorectal and Anal Cancers
Authors: Uboha Nataliya V. , Grogan Patrick T. , Deming Dustin A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors changed treatment paradigms across several malignancies. With the exception of tumors with microsatellite instability (MSI-H), gastrointestinal cancers have been largely resistant to these agents. Herein, we review the data supporting the use of immunotherapy for patients with (MSI-H) colorectal tumors. We discuss ongoing research and answered questions regarding resistance and sequence of use of these agents for this disease. We discuss ongoing research efforts to augment activity of these agents in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer. We also provide an overview of the data and ongoing studies immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of anal cancer.
An Investigation of Medial Tibial Component Overhang in Unicompartmental and Total Knee Replacements Using Ultrasound in the Outpatient Department
Authors: Mortensen Jacob F. , Hald Julius T. , Rasmussen Lasse E. , Østgaard Svend E. , Odgaard Anders 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTibial component overhang is known to be a contributor to worse outcomes in knee arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of tibial component overhang, and whether overhang correlates to a higher local tenderness in both medial unicompartmental and total knee replacements. Also, to determine if a rotational projection phenomenon is presented with radiographs when investigating tibial component overhang. A prospective study, including 64 participants, was performed, where ultrasound measurements were compared with postoperative radiographs. Local tenderness was measured as a pressure pain threshold, determined at 3 months postoperatively using algometry. Sixty-two of sixty-four patients had an underdiagnosed medial overhang on radiographs, with a mean difference of 2.4 mm between radiographs and ultrasound (p < 0.001), presenting a rotational projection phenomenon. When comparing sites with ultrasound measured overhang to sites without overhang measured by ultrasound, a higher local tenderness was observed (p < 0.001). A positive linear correlation was found between patients' overhang and local tenderness (r = 0.2; p = 0.045). Subgroup analysis of medial overhang showed significantly higher tenderness than all other locations. No significant differences were seen for lateral overhang. An apparent rotational projection phenomenon of overhang on radiographs was seen, and a linear association between overhang and local tenderness was demonstrated. This study warrants the use of ultrasound when a surgeon is presented with a patient with postoperative medial tenderness, but no overhang can be seen on radiographs. It should also raise awareness of implant selection and positioning during surgery, especially avoiding the overhang to be localized directly medially.
Clinical Efficacy of Preoperative CT-Assisted Planning for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Younis Ahmed Saeed , Awad Mohammed El Sayed , Samy Tarek M. , Osman Wael Samir , Abdeldayem Sherif Mostafa , Zakaria Zeiad M. , Fathy Ayman , Metwaly Radwan G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aims to determine the mean posterior condylar angle (PCA) in the included population and its relation to coronal alignment; and to know the clinical importance of the use of preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We randomized 50 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis into 2 groups. We used CT scan axial images to measure the PCA. In the first group we followed the CT scan plan (group 1), but in the second we did not follow the plan and adjusted rotation to the standard three degrees (group 2). The mean age of the included patients was 63 years. The radiological data of the included patients showed 5 patients with valgus deformity and 45 patients with varus deformity with the mean coronal alignment of 7.5 degrees. CT scan showed the mean PCA of 3.7 degrees (1.3 degrees). The axial knee postoperative X-ray showed the mean patellar tilt angle of 2.1 degrees (0.5 degrees) and 1.9 degrees (0.5 degrees) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The congruence angle was 4 degrees (2.6 degrees) in group 1 and 5.5 degrees (3.2 degrees) in group 2. The median Knee Society functional score in group 1 was 85 (12), while it was 84 (7.5) in group 2. The median postoperative Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index score in group 1 was 84 (18.6) whereas 80.2 (13.6) in group 2. The median postoperative Bartlett score in group 1 was 30 (5), while it was 30 (6) in group 2. The use of preoperative CT scan did not improve the patient functional scores after TKA.
Early Stage Versus Late Stage Periarticular Injection during Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty for Postoperative Pain Relief: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Wang , Sun Jian-Ning , Hu Zheng-Hao , Zhang Yu , Chen Xiang-Yang , Feng Shuo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractControlling postoperative pain after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is essential to improve patient satisfaction and promote early recovery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in clinical efficacy between early and late stage periarticular injection during UKA for postoperative pain relief. Eighty-four patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into the early stage periarticular injection group and late stage periarticular injection group by using a random number tables method. The difference between the two groups was that the early stage periarticular injection group received superficial injection before the joint incision, while the late stage periarticular injection group received superficial injection after implantation of the prosthesis. Deep injection and other perioperative conditions of the two groups were controlled identically. The primary outcome of the study was the recovery room immediate visual analog scale (VAS) at rest. The secondary outcomes were the postoperative VAS (at rest) at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours, drug dosage of rescue analgesia, range of motion (ROM), and complications. The recovery room immediate VAS (at rest) in the early stage periarticular injection group was significantly lower than that of the late stage periarticular injection group (21 ± 24 vs. 32 ± 34 mm, p = 0.018), the average difference of the VAS reached the minimal clinically important difference. No statistically significant difference in postoperative drug dosage of rescue analgesia, ROM, and complications. Preemptive analgesia combined with the early stage periarticular injection can better alleviate postoperative pain than the late stage periarticular injection.
Anterior Open-Wedge Osteotomy in Posterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Knees: From a Historical Perspective to First Clinical Results
Authors: Weiler Andreas , Dickschas Jörg , Gwinner Clemens 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecently, the bony anatomy of the proximal tibia has gained strong interest, particularly in the cruciate ligament deficient knee. Regarding the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), several studies outlined that a steep tibial slope (≥12 degrees) contributes to early failures after ACL reconstruction. As a consequence, the first clinical reports are available on slope reducing osteotomies in revision ACL surgery. Vice versa, biomechanical as well as clinical reports suggest that a flat slope increases the load on the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and might contribute to a poor result after PCL reconstruction. Since many decades, slope increasing anterior open wedge osteotomies are used to treat a symptomatic genu recurvatum. The aim of the current report is to describe different surgical techniques and report our first clinical experience of an anterior open wedge osteotomy as a sole procedure in chronic PCL deficient knees with a flat tibial slope. In six cases, a mean preoperative slope of 3.7 degrees (range = 2–5 degrees) was increased to a mean of 11.5 degrees (range = 9–13 degrees). There was one case with a delayed bone healing, which was successfully treated without loss of correction by revision internal fixation and bone grafting.
Intrinsically Resistant Bacteria as Looming Disaster: A Rare Case Report of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica Meningitis in a Neonate
Authors: Patro Priyadarshini , Das Padma , Padhi Phalguni 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a recognized cause of neonatal meningitis with high mortality rate of approximately 57%, but clinical data detailing these infections remain limited from India. Though this bacteria has a Gram-negative character, it is usually multidrug resistant to antibiotics usually prescribed for Gram-negative bacterial infections and susceptible to antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria, thus poses a serious challenge to the treating clinicians. Such cases of neonatal meningitis is most commonly associated with prematurity with birth weight < 2,500 g, but here we report an uncommon case of neonatal meningitis due to this rare pathogen in a full-term neonate with weight as per gestational age. The isolate was multidrug resistant and discrepancy was seen between disc diffusion and automated antibiotic susceptibility testing for few antibiotics. The case was successfully managed by treatment with combination of piperacillin-tazobactam, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, and rifampicin for a total duration of 28 days, due to prompt identification of the causative organism and initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy early. E. meningoseptica can cause severe infection, with risk of high mortality and neurological sequelae in neonates. Intensive care and multidisciplinary interventions are crucial for case management.