bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zooglider‐measured association of zooplankton with the fine‐scale vertical prey field
Authors: Whitmore Benjamin M. , Ohman Mark D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe use Zooglider, a low‐power optical zooplankton‐sensing glider, to test the covariability of the fine‐scale vertical distributions of six omnivorous zooplankton taxa with three different representations of their potential prey field: small suspended particles (equivalent circular diameter [ECD] between 0.25 and 0.45 mm), marine snow (ECD ≥ 0.45 mm), and chlorophyll a (Chl a), in the San Diego Trough. All three prey fields tend to be highly correlated from 100 m to the depth of the subsurface Chl a maximum layer (SCML), while correlations between the prey fields are weaker or nonexistent from the SCML to the surface. An index of spatial overlap (Local Index of Collocation) showed stronger overlap of zooplankton with marine snow or small particles than with Chl a in most cases. Moreover, generalized additive models revealed marine snow distributions or small particles as the primary explanatory variable, by percent deviance explained, for all zooplankton taxa tested. Chl a distributions were a secondary explanatory variable for four of the six taxa tested (small copepods, appendicularia‐Fritillaria, and both night and day large copepods), and an insignificant explanatory variable for the remaining two (appendicularia‐others and large protists). The distributions of suspended particles, during our year‐round study in the San Diego Trough, were more informative for explaining distributions of omnivorous zooplankton than Chl a alone.
AIRTIGHT MANAGEMENT FOR REAL ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS
Authors: Horn Sabrina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe author contends that the seemingly well‐meaning phrase ’Fake it till you make it’ can often do more harm than good in the world of organizational leadership, and “is simply bad business advice.” She writes from the unique perspective of someone who is “founder and CEO of my own company and as a strategic public relations advisor to over a thousand executives, venture capitalists, and influencers in the tech industry.” She describes what she terms “airtight management,” in which “you squeeze the daylight out of the places where your values and vision come into contact with strategy, and where your strategies end and their tactical execution begins.” She outlines such areas as Planning, Strategy + Tactics = Execution, The Hocus Pocus of Focus, What’s Missing From This Picture? and The Make It Happen Box. Within planning, she advises to ask questions like “Why are We Doing This?” and “What Does Success Look Like?” For the Make it Happen box, she notes that in searching for a sense of order from our plans, “we tend to equate order with a linear progression and chronology—a beginning, middle, and end. Plans are flat. But a flat plan will only guide a CEO so far.”
HOW TO START A SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP VENTURE THAT CHANGES LIVES
Authors: Goldsmith Mark L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe author describes his journey from being a business executive to starting and operating a successful nonprofit organization, Getting Out and Staying Out (GOSO), and he outlines how to become an impactful social entrepreneur. He contends that his “lessons learned have applicability for people in today's workforce who are considering career pivots or “encore careers,” for those contemplating retirement, or people who may have been downsized due to the effects of the pandemic. The objective of GOSO was that “the agency was going to help young men get out and then stay out of Rikers Island, as well as any other jail or prison.” He notes that “someone was there for them for the first time who could help them get out and stay out of Rikers Island by getting jobs with benefits, furthering their education, and getting lives that they had never imagined.” He describes transferal skills he learned in business, such as sales and marketing; and also outlines steps to take in nonprofit formation, such as fund raising, creating a mission statement, incorporating as a 501 (c) (3), and hiring a staff. Besides the benefits for the young men , “I also created a whole new life for myself.”
Degradable Superhydrophilic Iron‐Pillared Bentonite Doped with Polybutylene Adipate/Terephthalate Open‐Cell Foam: Its Application in Dye Degradation, Removal of Heavy Metal Ions, and Oil–Water Separation
Authors: Qiu Liyan , Phule Ajit Dattatray , Zhong Weipeng , Wen Shibao , Zhang Zhenxiu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDevelopment of industrialization has brought convenience to people's lives; however, it has also brought serious harm to the environment, where, water pollution is the most obvious. Here, a polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) open‐cell foam doped with iron‐pillared bentonite (IPB) is prepared by using sugar as a pore‐forming agent and solution phase separation, and then combined with a solution dipping method to coat the foam surface with a polyacrylamide/SiO2, which makes the PBAT foam superhydrophilic. The static adsorption effect of superhydrophilic IPB‐doped PBAT open‐cell foam on methylene blue (MB) and Cu2+is studied. The adsorption isotherm fitting shows that the adsorption conforms to the Langmuir model and it has biased toward monolayer adsorption. The adsorption kinetics fitting confirms that the adsorption process is in line with the pseudo‐second‐order adsorption model, which is dominated by chemical adsorption. The modified PBAT open‐cell foam has an adsorption effect on Cu2+; however, it has weak cyclic adsorption capacity. It shows a good cyclic adsorption ability for the cationic dye MB and it has >95% photodegradation efficiency of the MB after five time's cyclic adsorption. The superhydrophilicity makes the foam to have better applications in oil–water separation.
Another note on the inequality between geometric and p‐generalized arithmetic mean
Authors: Thäle Christoph 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA central limit theorem and a moderate deviations principle for the ratio of geometric and p‐generalized arithmetic mean are shown. Also a Berry–Esseen‐type upper bound on the rate of convergence in the central limit theorem is proved. This has implications on the probabilistic version of the question of whether the inequality between geometric and p‐generalized arithmetic mean can be reversed or improved up to multiplicative constants. The involved random vectors we study belong to a class of distributions on the ‐ball introduced by Barthe, Guédon, Mendelson and Naor. The results complement previous limit theorems of Kabluchko, Prochno and Vysotsky.
Synthesis and Self‐Assembly of Thermoresponsive Biohybrid Graft Copolymers Based on a Combination of Passerini Multicomponent Reaction and Molecular Recognition
Authors: Zhao Peiqiong , Deng Meigui , Yang Yongfang , Zhang Jimin , Zhang Yue 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAmphiphilic graft copolymers exhibit fascinating self‐assembly behaviors. Their molecular architectures significantly affect the morphology and functionality of the self‐assemblies. Considering the potential application of amphiphilic graft copolymers in the fabrication of nanocarriers, it is essential to synthesize well‐defined graft copolymers with desired functional groups. Herein, the Passerini reaction and molecular recognition are introduced to the synthesis of functional thermoresponsive graft copolymers. A bifunctional monomer 2‐((adamantan‐1‐yl)amino)‐1‐(4‐((2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropanoyl)oxy)phenyl)‐2‐oxoethyl methacrylate (ABMA) with a bromo group for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and an adamantyl group for molecular recognition is synthesized through the Passerini reaction. The graft copolymers are prepared by reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of ABMA and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA) followed by RAFT end group removal and ATRP of di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate (DEGMA) initiated by the ABMA units. The graft copolymer P(OEGMA‐co‐ABMA)‐g‐PDEGMA can be functionalized with β‐cyclodextrin modified peptides, affording a thermoresponsive biohybrid graft copolymer. At a temperature above its lower critical solution temperature, the biohybrid graft copolymer self‐assembles into peptide‐modified polymersomes.
Anin‐band full‐duplexantenna fordual‐bandapplication
Authors: Kumari Kahani , Jaiswal Rahul Kumar , Srivastava Kumar Vaibhav 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA dual‐band, dual‐polarized in‐band full‐duplex antenna with good isolation performance is presented for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. A neutralization line is connected between the grounds of the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) antennas to enhance the isolation. Further enhancement in isolation is achieved by using a 180° ring hybrid coupler between receiving antenna elements. Here the dual‐band monopole antennas are used as transmitting and receiving antenna elements. For better isolation, the receiving antenna elements are placed opposite to each other and fed through the differential ports of the 180° ring hybrid coupler. The proposed structure is fabricated, and the comparison of measured results and simulated results are studied. The simulated and measured impedance bandwidths (≤−10 dB) of the antenna cover the entire 2.4 GHz WLAN band (2.4–2.48 GHz), and for this band, the measured isolation is better than 40 dB. For the higher band, the measured isolation is more than 40 dB for 200 MHz (5.15–5.35 GHz) of bandwidth. The simulated radiation patterns of the antenna are well‐matched with the measured patterns at both the frequencies.
Least squares regression principal component analysis: A supervised dimensionality reduction method
Authors: Pascual Hector , Yee Xin C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDimensionality reduction is an important technique in surrogate modeling and machine learning. In this article, we propose a supervised dimensionality reduction method, “least squares regression principal component analysis” (LSR‐PCA), applicable to both classification and regression problems. To show the efficacy of this method, we present different examples in visualization, classification, and regression problems, comparing it with several state‐of‐the‐art dimensionality reduction methods. Finally, we present a kernel version of LSR‐PCA for problems where the inputs are correlated nonlinearly. The examples demonstrate that LSR‐PCA can be a competitive dimensionality reduction method.
Increased Risk for Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence in Invasive Lobular Carcinoma after Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Brachytherapy
Authors: Mills Matthew N. , Russo Nicholas W. , Fahey Matthew , Nanda Ronica H. , Raiker Sunny , Jastrzebski Jessica , Stout Lisa L. , Wilson Jason P. , Altoos Taghrid A. , Allen Kathleen G. , Blumencranz Peter W. , Diaz Roberto 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The suitability criteria for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) from the American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO), and The Groupe Européende Curiethérapie European SocieTy for Radiotherapy & Oncology (GEC-ESTRO) have significant differences.

Materials and Methods
This is a single institution retrospective review of 946 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent lumpectomy and APBI intracavitary brachytherapy from 2003 to 2018. Overall survival (OS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) were estimated with Kaplan-Meier method.

Results
Median follow-up time was 60.2 months. Median age was 68 years (46–94 years). The majority of patients had estrogen receptor (ER)–positive disease (94%). There were 821 (87%) cases of invasive ductal carcinoma and 68 cases (7%) of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). The 5-year OS, BCSS, RFS, and IBTR were 93%, 99%, 90%, and 1.5%, respectively. Upon univariate analysis, ILC (hazard ratio [HR], 4.6; p = .008) and lack of nodal evaluation (HR, 6.9; p = .01) were risk factors for IBTR. The 10-year IBTR was 2.5% for IDC and 14% for ILC. While the ABS and ASTRO criteria could not predict IBTR, the GEC-ESTRO intermediate risk group was associated with inferior IBTR (p = .04) when compared to both low risk and high risk groups. None of the suitability criteria was able to predict RFS.

Conclusion
These results show that APBI is an effective treatment for patients with invasive breast cancer. Expansion of the current eligibility criteria should be considered, although prospective validation is needed. Caution is required when considering APBI for patients with ILC.

Implications for Practice
In a large retrospective review of 946 patients with early breast cancer treated with partial mastectomy and accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) intracavitary brachytherapy, this study demonstrates durable local control. Patients deemed unsuitable or high risk by the American Brachytherapy Society, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology guidelines were not at increased risk for ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), suggesting that expansion of the current criteria should be considered. Importantly, however, these results demonstrate that caution should be taken when considering APBI for patients with invasive lobular carcinoma, as these patients had relatively high risk for IBTR (10-year IBTR, 14%).
Crystal structure, morphology, and mechanical properties of biaxially oriented polyamide‐6 films toughened with poly(ether block amide)
Authors: Lin Xintu , Wu Yincai , Cui Lingna , Chen Xi , Fan Shuhong , Liu Yuejun , Liu Xiaochao , Zheng Wei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBiaxially oriented polyamide‐6 (BOPA) film has been widely used in many packaging applications. However, the BOPA film with excellent toughness is still required when utilizing in the field of soft‐packaged lithium‐ion batteries, pharmaceutical blister packaging, or frozen food packaging especially for vacuum packaging of irregular‐shaped food products. The purpose of this study was to improve the toughness of BOPA films by toughening with poly(ether block amide) (PEBA) (BOPA/PEBA films) based on the simultaneous biaxial stretching technology. The crystal structure, morphology, optical properties, barrier, and mechanical properties of BOPA/PEBA films were investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of PEBA into BOPA films slightly decreased the melting temperature and crystallinity of PA6, and the BOPA/PEBA films exhibited only α‐form crystals and no preferential orientation in the machine direction (MD) and transition direction (TD). The morphological observation showed that higher addition of PEBA led to the formation of microvoids due to the poor compatibility between PA6 and PEBA. As a result, the transmittance and oxygen barrier properties of the BOPA/PEBA films decreased. In addition, mechanical analysis suggested that the addition of PEBA could effectively improve the toughness of BOPA film.
ArbNet: 10 years of fostering collaborations, furthering professionalism, and advancing the planting and conservation of trees through the global network of arboreta
Authors: Turner‐Skoff Jessica B. , Paist Sue , Byrne Amy , Westwood Murphy 
Published: September 2021

Societal Impact StatementTrees are the backbone of many terrestrial ecosystems and provide essential benefits for people and the planet. This unique life form requires specific horticultural, management, and conservation expertise to grow and thrive. ArbNet—the global, interactive community of arboreta—was established in 2011 to identify arboreta, define industry standards for arboreta, raise professionalism, support tree planting and proper care, facilitate collaborations, and advance tree research and conservation. Over the past 10 years, ArbNet has been instrumental in helping establish, grow, and network arboreta around the world and bring awareness to the importance of trees. This report presents ArbNet's flagship programs and resources and outlines opportunities for engagement at the individual or institutional level, to further strengthen the global network of arboreta and tree‐focused professionals and to ensure healthy trees for the future of people and the planet.
High Color‐Rendering Index and Stable White Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Highly Luminescent Quantum Dots
Authors: Bai Jinke , Zhang Meilun , Jiang Ruiyao , Wu Ziming , Wang Linfeng , Jin Xiao , Li Qinghua , Wang Yuxiao , Zhang Xueru , Song Yinglin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSolid‐phase color converter‐based quantum dots (QDs) white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) have become promising next‐generation solid‐state light sources. However, the development of these WLEDs’ production still suffers from constraints involving insufficient color‐rendering index (CRI), low color stability, and short operation lifetimes. Here, thick‐shell Cd0.05Zn0.95S/CdSe/CdxZn1–xS spherical quantum wells are developed with good color tunability from green to red regions and high photoluminescence quantum yield (up to 88% for green wavelengths). QDs with five emission colors are used to fabricate a series of WLEDs, which possess a good correlated color temperature tunability from warm (3210 K) to cool (22 000K) white light, and a high CRI Ra (>90). Specifically, the neutral white light device with Commission Internationale de l´Eclairage (CIE, International Commission on illumination) of (0.36, 0.36) and the standard white light device with CIE of (0.33, 0.33) achieve a CRI Ra up to 95.8 and 95.11, respectively, they also exhibit long operating life and great color stability. These results indicate that the improvement of the performance and stability of the WLED based on thick‐shell spherical quantum wells is remarkable progress in the commercialization of QD‐based solid‐state lighting.
Doping and Surface Modification of Carbon Quantum Dots for Enhanced Functionalities and Related Applications
Authors: John Varsha Lisa , Nair Yamuna , Vinod T. P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCarbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a unique class of 0D nanomaterials, featured by a graphitic core and shell layers saturated with hydrogen atoms and functional groups. CQDs are prepared through top‐down and bottom‐up strategies from natural and synthetic precursors. CQDs can be modified through chemical (e.g., surface functionalization/passivation, doping, etc.) and physical (e.g., core–shell architecture, composite material blending, etc.) strategies to control their properties. This review highlights the effect of such modifications on the photophysical properties of CQDs, such as photoluminescence (PL), absorbance, and relaxivity. The dependence of PL upon the size, orientation at the edges, surface and edge functionalization, doping, excitation wavelength, concentration, pH, aggregate formation, etc., are summarized along with the supporting theoretical evidence available in the literature. Also, this review outlines the recent advancements, and future prospective of optical (e.g., sensing, bioimaging, and fluorescent ink) and catalytic applications (e.g., photocatalysis and electrocatalysis) of CQDs enhanced through physical and chemical modifications of their structure and composition.
Mutations in conserved residues of the myosin chaperone UNC‐45 result in both reduced stability and chaperoning activity
Authors: Moncrief Taylor , Matheny Courtney J. , Gaziova Ivana , Miller John M. , Qadota Hiroshi , Benian Guy M. , Oberhauser Andres F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProper muscle development and function depend on myosin being properly folded and integrated into the thick filament structure. For this to occur the myosin chaperone UNC‐45, or UNC‐45B, must be present and able to chaperone myosin. Here we use a combination of in vivo C. elegans experiments and in vitro biophysical experiments to analyze the effects of six missense mutations in conserved regions of UNC‐45/UNC‐45B. We found that the phenotype of paralysis and disorganized thick filaments in 5/6 of the mutant nematode strains can likely be attributed to both reduced steady state UNC‐45 protein levels and reduced chaperone activity. Interestingly, the biophysical assays performed on purified proteins show that all of the mutations result in reduced myosin chaperone activity but not overall protein stability. This suggests that these mutations only cause protein instability in the in vivo setting and that these conserved regions may be involved in UNC‐45 protein stability/regulation via posttranslational modifications, protein–protein interactions, or some other unknown mechanism.
Comparison between 18F‐DCFPyL PET and MRI for the detection of transition zone prostate cancer
Authors: Liu Yachao , Dong Yanliang , Liu Jiajin , Zhang Xiaojun , Lin Mu , Xu Baixuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of 18F‐DCFPyL positron emission tomography (PET) and multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (mp‐MRI) in detecting transition zone (TZ) prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsThis retrospective study included 20 patients who underwent 18F‐DCFPyL PET/MRI and 32 patients who underwent 18F‐DCFPyL PET/CT and MRI from January 2019 to June 2020. All patients had TZ lesions and underwent prostate biopsies. One senior (reader 1) and one junior (reader 2) nuclear medicine physician evaluated each TZ lesion independently, according to the molecular imaging prostate‐specific membrane antigen scoring system and the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI‐RADS v2.1). The histologic diagnosis of prostate biopsy was used as the reference standard. The diagnostic performance of the two methods was compared in terms of inter‐reader agreement and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC‐ROC) curve.ResultsOf the 52 patients, 43 had TZ PCa. For inter‐reader agreement, the kappa value was 0.883 for 18F‐DCFPyL PET and 0.393 for mp‐MRI. For PET, both readers had the same diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 93.0%, 77.8%, and 90.4%, respectively. For mp‐MRI, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy was 67.4%, 33.3%, and 61.5% for reader 1, and 51.2%, 44.4%, and 51.9% for reader 2, respectively. PET outperformed mp‐MRI for both readers with an AUC of 0.872 for PET versus 0.584 for mp‐MRI, p = .0209 for reader 1, and an AUC of 0.860 for PET versus 0.505 for mp‐MRI, p = .0213 for reader 2. Among the 43 patients with TZ PCa, 18F‐DCFPyL PET detected a distant bone metastasis missed by the CT in one case and two small lymph node metastases missed by the CT and MRI in another case.ConclusionsThese results suggest that 18F‐DCFPyL PET, which was almost independent of the experience of the readers, was more objective in the evaluation of TZ lesions, and had higher diagnostic value than mp‐MRI.