bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design Analyses for Full Core Conversion of The Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor
Authors: Luong Ba Vien , Le Vinh Vinh , Huynh Ton Nghiem , Nguyen Kien Cuong 
Published: November 2021

The paper presents calculated results of neutronics, steady state thermal hydraulics and transient/accidents analyses for full core conversion from High Enriched Uranium (HEU) to Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) of the Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor (DNRR). In this work, the characteristics of working core using 92 LEU fuel assemblies and 12 beryllium rods were investigated by using many computer codes including MCNP, REBUS, VARI3D for neutronics, PLTEMP3.8 for steady state thermal hydraulics, RELAP/MOD3.2 for transient analyses and ORIGEN, MACCS2 for maximum hypothetical accident (MHA). Moreover, in neutronics calculation, neutron flux, power distribution, peaking factor, burn up distribution, feedback reactivity coefficients and kinetics parameters of the working core were calculated. In addition, cladding temperature, coolant temperature and ONB margin were estimated in steady state thermal hydraulics investigation. The working core was also analyzed under initiating events of uncontrolled withdrawal of a control rod, cooling pump failure, earthquake and MHA. Obtained results show that DNRR loaded with LEU fuel has all safety features as HEU and mixed HEU-LEU fuel cores and meets requirements in utilization as well.
Identifying the sources of produced water in the oil field by isotopic techniques
Authors: Nguyen Minh Quy , Hoang Long , Le Thi Thu Huong , Luong Van Huan , Vo Thi Tuong Hanh 
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study is to identify the sources of the formation water in the Southwest Su Tu Den (STD SW) basement reservoir. To achieve the objective, isotopic techniques along with geochemical analysis for chloride, bromide, strontium dissolved in the water were applied. The isotopic techniques used in this study were the determination of water stable isotopes signatures (δ2H and δ18O) and of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of strontium in rock cutting sample and that dissolved in the formation water. The obtained results showed that the stable isotopes compositions of water in the Lower Miocene was -3‰ and -23‰ for δ18O and δ2H, respectively indicating the primeval nature of seawater in the reservoir. Meanwhile, the isotopic composition of water in the basement was clustered in a range of alternated freshwater with δ18O and δ2H being –(3-4)‰ and -(54-60)‰, respectively). The strontium isotopes ratio for water in the Lower Miocene reservoir was lower compared to that for water in the basement confirming the different natures of the water in the two reservoirs. The obtained results are assured for the techniques applicability, and it is recommended that studies on identification of the flow-path of the formation water in the STD SW basement reservoir should be continued.
Multipole expansion for the electron-nucleus scattering at high energies in the unified electroweak theory
Authors: Luong Zuyen Phu , Nguyen Huu Ha 
Published: November 2021

The article presents the multipole expansion for the electron-nucleus scattering cross-section at high energies within framework of the unified electroweak theory. The electroweak currents of the nucleus is expanded into simple components with definite angular momentum, which are called the multipole form factors. The multipole expansion of the cross-section is a consequence of the above expansion. Besides the familiar electromagnetic form factors FxL , there are new form factors VLX and ALX related to weak interactions, corresponding to the vector and axial weak currents. The obtained general expressions are applied to the nucleus 36Li , where the partial form factors are computed in the multiparticle shell model.
PENGEMBANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI MODEL GOALS PROGRAMMING PADA PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI UD. SAHABAT MITRA BINAAN PT. TELKOM
Authors: Suprobo Kurniawan , Zakaria Muhammad , Amri Amri 
Published: November 2021

Camilan akar kelapa merupakan makanan ringan yang diproduksi oleh UD. Angsa Dua sejak tahun 1995. Produk camilan ini perlu mendapat perhatian terutama berhubungan dengan kemasannya, dikarenakan selama ini kemasan yang digunakan kurang menarik, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap nilai jual. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang kemasan camilan akar kelapa untuk meningkatkan daya tarik konsumen yang nantinya akan berdampak kepada pertambahan nilai jual. Metode yang digunakan dalam rancangan kemasan adalah value engineering dan analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Metode value engineering diterapkan pada perbaikan nilai, performansi dan biaya dari desain kemasan dengan kriteria: merek dagang, ukuran berat bersih, identitas produk, menarik, kesesuaian warna, tipografi dan ukuran huruf. Metode analytical hierarchy process (AHP) diterapkan pada fase analisis untuk membantu mengetahui prioritas dari kriteria yang sesuai dengan keinginan konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan desain alternatif dengan nilai performansi tertinggi adalah alternatif 1 (A-B-D-F), yaitu desain dengan material kemasan terbuat dari aluminium foil standing pouch, menggunakan stiker cromo, warna yang digunakan bernuansa terang dan menggunakan huruf yang sesuai. Desain alternatif yang terpilih ini memiliki nilai (value) sebesar 0,1568. Nilai ini diperoleh dari performansi sebesar 41,7 dan biaya untuk ukuran ¼ kg Rp.3.100 per kemasan, biaya untuk ukuran ½ kg Rp.3.600 per kemasan dan biaya untuk ukuran 1 kg Rp.400 perkemasan.
Prescription Claims for Immunomodulator and Antiinflammatory Drugs Among Persons With Ehlers‐Danlos Syndromes
Authors: Dhingra Radha , Hakim Alan , Bascom Rebecca , Francomano Clair A. , Schubart Jane R. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveJoint hypermobility in Ehlers‐Danlos Syndromes (EDS) predisposes persons with EDS to frequent subluxations and dislocations, chronic arthralgia, and soft‐tissue rheumatism. Epidemiologic trends of rheumatologic conditions among persons with EDS are lacking. Prescription claims databases can reflect underlying disease burdens by using medication claims as disease proxies. We examined the prevalence of prescription claims for commonly prescribed immunomodulator and antiinflammatory (IMD) drugs among persons with EDS compared with their matched control person, and hypothesized peripubertal increases among female persons with EDS.MethodsWe compared the percentages of IMD drug prescription claims among 3,484 persons with EDS (ages 5–62 years) against their age‐, sex‐, state of residence‐, and earliest claim date–matched control persons using 10 years (2005–2014) of private prescription claims data and a minimum 2‐year enrollment inclusion criterion.ResultsOur cohort comprised 70% adults and 74% female persons. At least 1 IMD medication was prescribed to 65.4% of persons with EDS compared with 47.4% of control persons. We observed 1.3 to 4.2 times higher odds (P < 0.0001) for 5 out of 6 IMD drug classes among persons with EDS compared with matched control persons, except for biologic agents (conditional odds ratio 1.3, 95% confidence interval 0.8–2.0). Peripubertal increases were observed for nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, oral, and injectable steroids.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, our study is the first to examine the full range of IMD drug prescription claim trends among persons with EDS. We believe our research findings can have notable diagnostic and management implications for EDS patients who present with multiple comorbidities and generally require a more granular assessment of their medical conditions.
All‐Cause and Cause‐Specific Mortality in Psoriatic Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Chaudhary Haseeb , Bohra Nidrit , Syed Khezar , Donato Anthony , Murad M. Hassan , Karmacharya Paras 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivePsoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are chronic inflammatory diseases associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic comorbidities compared to the general population. Individual studies examining mortality in these patients have produced conflicting results. The present study was undertaken to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to analyze the all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in PsA and AS from the available literature.MethodsA comprehensive database search was performed for studies reporting all‐cause or cause‐specific mortality in patients with PsA and AS compared with the general population. Pooled relative risks (RRs) were calculated using a random‐effects model.ResultsWe included 19 studies (11 of PsA, 7 of AS, 1 of both). In PsA studies, there was no increased mortality compared to the general population (RR 1.12 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.96–1.30]; n = 10 studies). We found a higher all‐cause mortality in female (RR 1.19 [95% CI 1.04–1.36]) but not in male (RR 1.02 [95% CI 0.66–1.59]) PsA patients. Cardiovascular‐, respiratory‐, and infection‐specific mortality risks were significantly higher for PsA patients (RR 1.21 [95% CI 1.06–1.38], RR 3.37 [95% CI 1.30–8.72], and RR 2.43 [95% CI 1.01–5.84], respectively), but not cancer‐related mortality (RR 1.01 [95% CI 0.91–1.11]). In AS, we found a higher risk of death from all causes (RR 1.64 [95% CI 1.49–1.80]; n = 6 studies) and cardiovascular causes (RR 1.35 [95% CI 1.01–1.81]; n = 3 studies) compared to the general population. All‐cause mortality was high in both male (RR 1.56 [95% CI 1.43–1.71]) and female (RR 1.85 [95% CI 1.56–2.18]) AS patients. The included AS studies did not report mortality data for non‐cardiovascular causes.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis showed a significantly increased risk of overall mortality in AS but not PsA. Cardiovascular‐specific mortality was higher for both PsA and AS, which emphasizes the importance of early screening and management of cardiovascular risk factors.
Optimization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Implications for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes
Authors: Breitman Maya , Bonfield Tracey L. , Caplan Arnold I. , Lazarus Hillard M. , Haghiac Maricela , LaSalvia Susan , Reese‐Koc Jane , Singer Nora G. 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveSeropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is rarely “cured.” Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are known to reduce inflammation and restore immune homeostasis. However, methods for predicting therapeutic hMSC potency have not been established. The goal of these studies was to use and refine an ex vivo functional assay that determines potency of hMSCs and can then be validated in clinical trials as a potency measure of hMSCs used therapeutically to treat RA.MethodsAllogeneic hMSCs were cytokine‐stimulated, and a conditioned medium (CM) was harvested. The CM was tested for the potential to attenuate RA CD4+ T cell proliferation using suppression assays. Indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA, and protein were quantified in hMSCs as a measure to compare hMSCs across (prior) studies.ResultsTo mimic a proinflammatory environment that resembles that in RA, interleukin‐1(IL1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interferon γ (IFNγ) (alone or in combination) were used to precondition hMSCs. Treating hMSCs with a combination of these cytokines generated a CM “secretome” that suppressed T cell proliferation between 70 and 83%. Forty‐eight hours of cytokine preconditioning hMSCs was required to maximize this effect. T cell suppression positively correlated with increases in hMSC cellular IDO mRNA and protein.ConclusionBy standardizing assays to measure hMSC effects, their potency on T cell suppression can be quantified. These studies demonstrate that hMSCs can be compared functionally to identify optimal preparation(s) for therapeutic use in RA and that the potency of hMSC‐dependent T cell suppression may differ between hMSC donors. Clinical studies are warranted to validate the hypothesis that ex vivo potency in suppressing T cells will positively correlate with a reduction in RA disease activity and increase in immunological quiescence.
Free‐Standing Nanofilm Electrode Arrays for Long‐Term Stable Neural Interfacings
Authors: Gao Lei , Wang Jinfen , Zhao Yan , Li Hongbian , Liu Mengcheng , Ding Jianfei , Tian Huihui , Guan Shouliang , Fang Ying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFlexible neural electrodes integrated on micrometer‐thick polymer substrates offer important opportunities for improving the stability of neuronal activity recordings during cognitive processes. However, the bending stiffness of micrometer‐thick polymer substrates is typically two orders of magnitude higher than that of nanofilm electrodes, making it a limiting factor in electrode‐tissue interfacings. Here, this limitation is overcome by developing self‐assembled nanofilm electrode arrays (NEAs) that consist of high‐density, free‐standing gold nanofilm electrodes. Chronically implanted NEAs can form intimate and innervated interfaces with neural tissue, enabling stable neuronal activity recordings across multiple brain regions over several months. As an application example, the activities of the same neuronal populations are tracked across odor discrimination reversal learning and it is illustrated how dorsal striatal neurons represent and update stimulus‐outcome associations across multiple timescales. The results underscore the potential of free‐standing nanoscale materials for interfacing biological systems over long terms.
Ferromagnetic Enhancement in LaMnO3 Films with Release and Flexure
Authors: Yao Hongbao , Jin Kuijuan , Yang Zhen , Zhang Qinghua , Ren Wenning , Xu Shuai , Yang Mingwei , Gu Lin , Guo Er‐Jia , Ge Chen , Wang Can , Xu Xiulai , Zhang Dongxiang , Yang Guozhen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA variety of novel phenomena and functionalities emerge from lowering the dimensionality of materials and enriching the degrees of freedom in modulation. In this work, it is found that the saturation magnetization of LaMnO3 (LMO) films is largely enhanced by 56% after releasing from a brand‐new phase of tetragonal strontium aluminate buffer layer, and is significantly increased by 92% with bending films to a curvature of 1 mm−1 using a water‐assisted direct‐transferring method. Meanwhile, the Curie temperature of LMO films has been improved by 13 K. High‐resolution spherical aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and first‐principles calculations unambiguously demonstrate that the enhanced ferromagnetism is attributed to the strengthened Mn–O–Mn super‐exchange interactions from the augmented characteristics of the unconventional P21/n structure caused by the out‐of‐plane lattice shrinking after strain releasing and increased flexure degree of freestanding LMO films. This work paves a way to achieve large‐scale and crack‐and‐wrinkle‐free freestanding films of oxides with largely improved functionalities.
Vacuum‐Assisted Layer‐by‐Layer Carbon Nanotube/Ti3C2TX MXene Films for Detecting Human Movements
Authors: Wang Jing‐Qi , Qian Peng‐Fei , Lou Tian‐Jiao , Wang Wenyi , Geng Wen‐Hao , Jing Li‐Chao , Bao Ze‐Long , Wang Tao , Geng Hong‐Zhang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe rapid development of the Internet of Things has promoted the application of wearable devices in human's daily life and industrialization. Strain sensors play an indispensable role as a member of wearable devices. Here, a strain film sensor with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Ti3C2TX MXene, which is obtained by vacuum‐assisted filtration and integrated onto a thermoplastic polyurethane substrate, is developed. Since the MWCNTs and Ti3C2TX MXene composite sensor has a characteristic ‘mud‐brick’ microstructure. The sensor has the ability to detect various human movements, such as, bending of finger joints, wrists, elbow joints, and shoulder. The sensors show excellent mechanical property and can be folded more than 2000 times without failure. It also exhibits short response time, low detection limit, and wide range of use. In addition, the sensor shows excellent electrical heating performance. The temperature of the composite film can rise to 96.6 °C in a short period of time even under low voltage power supply (25 V). It likewise proves its excellent performance in terms of cyclability and long‐time heating capability. The film has low production cost, easy preparation method, and simple operation. The MWCNT/Ti3C2TX MXene film can be integrated into wearable devices and shows great potential for future applications.
Regional variation in growth status. The Peruvian health and optimist growth study
Authors: Bustamante Alcibíades , Santos Carla , Pereira Sara , Freitas Duarte , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Maia José 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to (1) investigate differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) among Peruvian children and adolescents living in three areas located at different altitudes; (2) compare age‐ and sex‐specific height, weight, and BMI within each site with US reference data.MethodsWe sampled 8753 subjects (4130 boys), aged 4 to 17 years from sea level, rainforest, and high‐altitude. Height, weight, and WC were measured and BMI was calculated. Analysis of variance was used to compare variables across geographic regions, and the Hoff and Blackburn procedure was used to compare the Peruvian results with US reference data.ResultsParticipants living at sea level were taller, heavier, had greater BMI and WC relative to those living at high‐altitude and in the rainforest. Peruvian schoolchildren of both sexes from the three geographical areas were shorter and lighter than their American peers. Boys and girls living in the rainforest and at high‐altitude had lower BMI, whereas WC values of American schoolchildren are higher than those of the Peruvian children by age and gender.ConclusionsPeruvians living at different altitudes differ in their growth indicators (height, weight, BMI, and WC), with significant differences between those living at sea level relative to their peers from other regions. Further, Peruvian schoolchildren of both sexes from the three geographical areas significantly differ from their US counterparts.
Deconstructing sex differences in C‐reactive protein trends over time
Authors: Kranjac Ashley W. , Kranjac Dinko , Lounsbury Olivia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectivesHeightened inflammatory state, as measured by circulating C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels, can promote inflammation‐mediated disease risk. It is important to account for population fluctuation and sex variation in serum CRP concentrations on overall time trends.MethodsUsing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, we specify linear and algebraic decomposition models separately by sex to identify the drivers of the changing trends in the distribution of CRP values in the population.ResultsWe found a nonsignificant overall increase in CRP, but a significant decrease among women and increase among men, over a 10‐year period. We then used linear and algebraic decomposition techniques to identify the sources of change in CRP over time, separately for women and men. CRP increased among men mainly because lifestyle/health characteristics worsened over time, and because the size of socioeconomic/demographic groups with higher CRP increased and the size of groups with lower CRP decreased. The downward shift in CRP among women occurred because the typical woman across all cohorts had lower CRP levels.ConclusionsWe identified two fundamentally different processes of change driving the decline and rise in CRP values among women and men, respectively.
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Aurone Based α,β‐unsaturated Carbonyl‐Amino Ligands and their Application in Microwave Assisted Suzuki, Heck and Buchwald Reactions
Authors: Khan Danish , Parveen Iram , Shaily  , Sharma Saurabh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA new series of phosphine‐free aurone‐based α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl‐amino bidentate ligands have been synthesized and characterized via different analytical techniques such as IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR and mass spectrometry. Moreover, the structure of ligand A6 was also characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The synthesized ligands (A1–A6) with the PdCl2 salt showed excellent catalytic activity in the Suzuki‐Miyaura, Mizoroki‐Heck and Buchwald‐Hartwig reactions. A broad range of substrates including heterocycles, chalcones and sterically hindered coupling partners are well tolerated in the developed protocol. Additionally, the metal complex formed in the catalytic cycle was characterized by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
An Activatable Afterglow/MRI Bimodal Nanoprobe with Fast Response to H2S for In Vivo Imaging of Acute Hepatitis
Authors: Zeng Wenhui , Wu Luyan , Ishigaki Yusuke , Harimoto Takashi , Hu Yuxuan , Sun Yidan , Wang Yuqi , Suzuki Takanori , Chen Hong‐Yuan , Ye Deju 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAccurate detection of hepatic hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to monitor H2S‐related enzymes’ activity is critical for acute hepatitis diagnosis, but remains a challenge due to the dynamic and transient nature of H2S. Here, we report a H2S‐activatable near‐infrared afterglow/MRI bimodal probe F1‐GdNP, which shows an “always‐on” MRI signal and “off‐on” afterglow signal toward H2S. F1‐GdNP shows fast response, high sensitivity and specificity toward H2S, permitting afterglow imaging of H2S and evaluation of cystathionine γ‐lyase (CSE)’s activity in living mice. We further employ the high spatial‐resolution MRI signal of F1‐GdNP to track its delivery and accumulation in liver. Importantly, F1‐GdNP offers a high signal‐to‐background ratio (SBR=86.2±12.0) to sensitively report on the increased hepatic H2S level in the acute hepatitis mice via afterglow imaging, which correlated well with the upregulated CSE activity in the liver, showcasing the good potential of F1‐GdNP for monitoring of acute hepatitis process in vivo.
Inhibitor‐Mediated Structural Transition in a Minimal Amyloid Model
Authors: Chakraborty Priyadarshi , Bera Santu , Mickel Phil , Paul Ashim , Shimon Linda J. W. , Arnon Zohar A. , Segal Daniel , Král Petr , Gazit Ehud 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDespite the fundamental clinical importance of amyloid fibril formation, its mechanism is still enigmatic. Crystallography of minimal amyloid models was a milestone in the understanding of the architecture and biological activities of amyloid fibers. However, the crystal structure of ultimate dipeptide‐based amyloids is not yet reported. Herein, we present the crystal structure of a typical amyloid‐forming minimal dipeptide, Ac‐Phe‐Phe‐NH2 (Ac‐FF‐NH2), showing a canonical β‐sheet structure at the atomic level. The simplicity of the structure helped in investigating amyloid‐inhibition using crystallography, never previously reported for larger peptide models. Interestingly, in the presence of an inhibitor, the supramolecular packing of Ac‐FF‐NH2 molecules rearranged into a supramolecular 2‐fold helix (21 helix). This study promotes our understanding of the mechanism of amyloid formation and of the structural transitions that occur during the inhibition process in a most fundamental model.