bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing students’ experience of learning ethical competence and person-centred care through simulation
Authors:   Nord University, Mo i Rana, Norway, Knudsen Oddvang Tone K. , Loftfjell Anne-Lise G. ,   Nord University, Mo i Rana, Norway, Brandt Liv Mari ,   Nord University, Stokmarknes, Norway, Sørensen Kristin ,   Nord University, Mo i Rana, Norway
Published: November 2021

Background: Ethics is a difficult subject for nursing students to grasp and learn but, like person-centredness, it has an important role in the relationship between nurses and patients. Simulation has been found to be a suitable method for learning nursing procedures and actions, and the researchers wanted to explore whether it could be a suitable learning strategy for acquiring ethical skills, which are a prerequisite for delivering person-centred care. Aim: In response to the research question How can nursing students develop ethical competence through simulation? the study sought to consider how students could learn ethical reflection and decision making through simulated ethical dilemmas, and whether this could enhance their ability to deliver person-centred care. Design: The study was qualitative and exploratory, and based on students acting in scenarios representing general ethical dilemmas in nursing. There were four focus group interviews with nine nursing students in their second year, during their clinical practice. Students were recruited by self-selection. Data were transcribed and analysed using Graneheim and Lundman’s content analysis. Findings: The students gained experience through participation and acting in simulation exercises. The shared experience was a good starting point for guided reflection on ethical and tacit knowledge, and the acquired experience led to knowledge that is transferable to similar situations in clinical practice. Conclusion: This study shows that simulation is a valuable method for learning ethical reflection in nursing education. It found simulation to be suitable for developing ethical awareness that helps prepare nursing students to deliver person-centred practice. It has become a permanent learning strategy within nursing training at Nord University. Implications for practice: •	Nursing students benefit from learning to practise critical ethical thinking as early as possible in order to become ethically aware and reflective during their training and later as nurses •	Simulation is a valuable way to practise personal relationships with patients and colleagues •	Simulated clinical scenarios improve competence in critical thinking and ethical conduct, and help prepare nurses to deliver person-centred practice. They can be used in all healthcare settings.
Effects of Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation on Mesenteric Circulation
Authors: Treffalls Rebecca N , Stonko David P , Edwards Joseph , Abdou Hossam , Savidge Samuel G , Morrison Jonathan J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Vascular beds may be variably affected by hemorrhage, which may have implications for resuscitation. The vascular anatomy of swine has been described with focus on its use for vascular and endovascular research; however, current research has predominantly focused on anatomy. (1,2) There is a lack of research regarding the physiology of mesenteric circulation at baseline physiology, as well as during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. The aim of this study was to develop a large animal model to characterize the implications of hemorrhage on mesenteric circulation and reperfusion. We constructed a surgical protocol to measure intestinal perfusion, as well as pressure and flow data of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), portal vein, inferior vena cava (IVC), and aorta.
Cadmium Resistance, Microbial Biosorptive Performance and Mechanisms of a Novel Biocontrol Bacterium Paenibacillus sp. LYX-1
Authors: Luo Yixin , Liao Min , Zhang Yuhao , Xu Na , Xie Xiaomei , Fan Qiyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In order to explore whether the newly discovered biocontrol strain Paenibacillus sp., LYX-1 having antagonistic effect on peach brown rot was resistant to Cd2+, a series of growth of strain LYX-1 under different Cd concentration and biosorption experiments were conducted to living and dead strain LYX-1. Meanwhile, the Cd2+ resistance and biosorption mechanisms were further identified by Cd-resistant genes, TEM, SEM-EDS, FTIR and XPS analysis. The results showed that strain LYX-1 could resist 50 mg/L Cd2+ and the adsorption process of both living and dead strain LYX-1 all satisfied the pseudo-second kinetic equation. Under pH 8.0 and at a dose of 1.0 g/L strain, the removal capacities of living and dead cells were as high as 90.39% and 75.67% at 20 mg/L Cd2+, respectively. For the adsorption isotherm test, results revealed that both Langmuir (R2=0.9704) and Freundlich (R2=0.9915) model could describe the Cd2+ biosorption well for living strain LYX-1. The maximum equilibrium biosorption capacities of living and dead biomass were 30.6790 and 24.3752 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption mechanism was controlled by chemisorption with -OH, -NH, -C=O, O=C-O, C-N, S2− and phosphate functional groups on the cell surface of strain LYX-1, which were further identified by XPS. The insignificant biosorption difference of living and dead biomass was caused by CzcD gene in strain LYX-1 detoxifying cadmium through the heavy metal efflux system. The above results indicated that strain LYX-1 had higher tolerance and fixed capacity to Cd2+.
The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on the Quality of Life of Health Care Workers
Authors: Shanshal Sadeel , Al-Qazaz Harith Kh. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the entire world and one of its impacts was the increased level of stress and anxiety, especially among healthcare workers. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the quality of life (QoL) and sleep quality of healthcare professionals in Iraq.Methods: This study assessed the QoL and sleep quality by using World Health Organization Quality of Life Instruments (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) respectively. The questionnaires were administered through an online cross-sectional survey targeted at workers in medical fields in Iraq from 1st to 20th of August 2021. Results: Three hundred medical health workers participated, and females constituted 75.3%. The two questionnaires had very good internal consistency. The highest scoring domain was the social relationships, followed by physical health. Significant difference was found in the mean scores of psychological health domain between males and females, with higher scores observed in males. The mean of the total ISI score was 11.58 ± 6.88 with a range between 0 and 27. Severe insomnia was observed in only 9.7% of the participants. A significant negative correlation (r = -0.118) was found between age and ISI scores of the participants. Significant differences were found between males and females with higher ISI mean score observed among males. Conclusion: The quality of life and sleep pattern can be impacted by COVID-19 infection with the psychological aspect of QoL being the most affected and some degrees of insomnia being observed in many participants.
Community Perspectives on Addressing and Responding To HIV-Testing, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Among African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) People in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Etowa Josephine , Tharao Wangari , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Baidoobonso Shamara , Hyman Ilene , Obiorah Suzanne , Aden Muna , Etowa Egbe B , Gebremeskel Akalewold , Kihembo Medys , Nelson LaRon , Husbands Winston 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

The African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) population of Ontario, Canada is comprised of individuals with diverse ethnic, cultural and linguistic backgrounds and experiences; some of whom have resided in Canada for many generations, and others who have migrated in recent decades. Even though the ACB population represents less than 3.5% of the Canadian population, this group accounts for 21.7% of all new HIV infections. It is well-documented that ACB populations, compared to the general population, experience multi-level barriers to accessing appropriate and responsive HIV services. In this paper, we present qualitative findings on the ACB population’s experiences with HIV-testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and obtain their perspectives on how to improve access.
Methods

We conducted twelve Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), within a two-day World Café event and used socio-ecological framework and community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to guide this work. We meaningfully engaged ACB community members in discussions to identify barriers and facilitators to HIV testing, PEP and PrEP and how these may be addressed. The FGDs were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis guided data interpretation. Credibility of data was established through data validation strategies such as external audit and peer-debriefing.
Results

Our analyses revealed multi-level barriers that explain why ACB community members do not access HIV testing, PEP and PrEP. Fear, health beliefs, stigma and lack of information, were among the most frequently cited individual- and community-level barriers to care. Health system barriers included lack of provider awareness, issues related to cultural sensitivity and confidentiality, cost, and racism in the health care system. Participants identified multi-level strategies to address the HIV needs including community-based educational, health system and innovative inter-sectoral strategies.
Conclusion

CBPR, co-led by community members, is an important strategy for identifying the multi-level individual, interpersonal, community, institutional and structural factors that increase HIV vulnerability in ACB communities, notably anti-Black systemic racism. Study findings suggest the need for targeted community-based strategies and strategies aimed at reducing health system barriers to testing and care.
Semi-Interpenetrated Polymer Networks Based On Modified Cellulose and Starch As Gel Polymer Electrolytes For High Performance Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Hadad Saeed , Hamrahjoo Mahtab , Dehghani Elham , Salami-Kalajahi Mehdi , Eliseeva Svetlana N. , Roghani-Mamaqani Hossein 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is one of the most famous polymer electrolytes; however, its low conductivity and capacity have prevented its commercial applications. This study utilizes carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and oxidative carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC) natural polymers with a high potential to dissolve lithium ions (Li+) in to help PEO ionic conductivity. The semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) consist of crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) with poly(ethylene glycol) diallyl (PEGDA) and free CMS/OCMC chains. Effect of increasing the amount of natural polymer on the electrochemical properties of semi-IPNs is investigated. Semi-IPN CMS50% and semi-IPN OCMC50% deliver excellent results such as high conductivity (in order 10-2 Scm-1) at room temperature, electrochemical stability window higher than 4.5 V, high Li+ transfer number, high discharge capacities (191 and 203 mAh g–1 with capacity retention of 85 and 88.5% after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, respectively), and stable cyclic behavior.
The Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Landscape Derives a Novel Prognostic Signature and Therapeutic Target
Authors: Yang Yun-Song , Ren Yi-Xing , Liu Cheng-Lin , Hao Shuang , Xu Xiao-En , Jin Xi , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous disease. Patients with early-stage TNBCs have distinct likelihood of distant recurrence. Current therapeutic guidance is still limited.Methods: We extracted transcriptome data for 189 pathologically confirmed pT1-2N0M0 TNBC patients at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Candidate mRNAs were filtered, which was followed by differential expressed mRNAs analysis, survival analysis, and LASSO Cox regression model. All-subsets regression program was used for constructing a multi-mRNA signature in the training set (n=159); the accuracy and prognostic value were then validated using an independent validation set (n=158). Results: Here, we profiled the transcriptome data from 189 early-stage TNBC patients along with 50 paired normal tissues. Early-stage TNBCs are featured of basal-like and immune-suppressed subtype and homologous recombination ability deficiency. We developed a prognostic signature contained seven mRNAs from transcriptome data (ACAN, KRT5, TMEM101, LCA5, RPP40, LAGE3, CDKL2). In both the training (n=159) and validation cohorts (n=158), the signature could identify patients with relatively high recurrence risks and serve as an independent prognostic factor. The signature had better prognostic value than traditional clinicopathological features in both sets. Among the seven mRNAs, TMEM101 is highly expressed in TNBC and represents a potential therapeutic target. Inhibition of TMEM101 impaired tumor progression.Conclusions: Our 7-mRNA signature could accurately predict recurrence risks of early-stage TNBCs. Clinical and genomic low risk TNBC patients may have the opportunity to avoid adjuvant chemotherapy
Evaluation of the Potential Effect of Cry1Ab Expressing Straw on ICR Mice
Authors: Lv Bo , Tang Yun-e , Li Chao-min , Dai Ou-lin , Peng Yong , Chen Li-jun , Wang Zhi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cry1Ab toxin has been effectively integrated into crops such as rice and cotton for pest control, and the safety evaluation of transgenic rice has attracted widespread attention. Nevertheless, the effects of transgenic rice straw on animal model are still unclear. Hence, the present study conducted an integrated analysis to evaluate the unintended effects of transgenic rice straw expressing Cry1Ab protein on the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice under 90-day treatment. The results indicated that Cry1Ab rice straw had no significant effects on the behavior and body weight of mice. In addition, physiological indicators, including hemogram, blood biochemistry, apoptosis rate, and calcium ion concentration of the blood lymphocytes, displayed no alterations under Cry1Ab protein stress. Similarly, Cry1Ab rice straw had no adverse effects on several antioxidase activities (i.e., catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and acetylcholine esterase). Moreover, we recorded that Cry1Ab stress did not adversely impact the sperm quality and follicular development of male and female ICR mice. Collectively, this integrated analysis indicates that Cry1Ab rice straw has no adverse or toxic effects on ICR mice after 90-day treatment and provides multi-level perspectives to assess the safety of genetically modified crops on non-target mammals.
Crocin Protects Malathion-induced Parkinson-like Disease by Inhibiting Apoptosis and α-synuclein Accumulation in Rats’ Striatum
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Leila , Rahbardar Mahboobeh Ghasemzadeh , Razavi Bibi Marjan , Hosseinzadeh Hossein 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLong-term exposure to organophosphates might result in neurodegenerative diseases, comprising Parkinson's disease. Malathion is an organophosphate pesticide with high neurotoxicity. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, and α-synuclein accumulation are important underlying mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease. According to studies, crocin, an active constituent of saffron, has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Thus, the effect of crocin on malathion-induced Parkinson-like disease in rats was investigated in this study. Materials and methods6 groups of male Wistar rats were used: 1. Control (normal saline), 2. Malathion (100 mg/kg/day, i.p), 3. Crocin (10 mg/kg/day, i.p) + malathion, 4. Levodopa (10 mg/kg/day, i.p) +malathion, 5. Crocin (40 mg/kg/day, i.p), and 6. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) (vehicle of levodopa) groups. The drugs were administered for 28 days. The amounts of Bcl-2, Bax, caspases 3, 8, 9 proteins in the striatum were measured by western blotting. Also, the amounts of protein and mRNA level of the α-synuclein in striatum tissue were measured by western blotting and RT-qPCR methods.ResultsMalathion induced apoptosis by increasing the amount of Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase 3 and 9 proteins in rat striatum tissue. It also increased the protein and mRNA level of α-synuclein in striatal tissue. Co-administration of crocin or levodopa with malathion inhibited the toxic effects of malathion on striatal tissue. ConclusionCrocin ameliorates the neurotoxic effect of malathion by its anti-apoptotic activity and regulating the expression of proteins involved in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. As a result, crocin has the potential to be used as a treatment for malathion-induced neurotoxicity.
Stem Cell Transplant for Mantle Cell Lymphoma in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Yu-Hung , Hsieh Ching-Yun , Hsiao Liang-Tsai , Lin Tung-Liang , Liu Yi-Chang , Yao Ming , Tan Tran-Der , Ko Bor-Sheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B-cell lymphoma featuring an aggressive course and a progressive relapsing pattern. International guidelines recommend early consolidative autologous stem cell transplant (auto-SCT) for eligible patients while reserving allogeneic SCT (allo-SCT) as second-line therapy for refractory cases. Since data describing the implementation of transplants in the Asian population with MCL are limited, we aimed to analyze post-SCT outcomes of 99 MCL patients from the Taiwan Bone Marrow Transplant Registry database. The median age was 56 years, and 11% of the patients had blastoid variant MCL. Ninety-four patients received auto-SCT, while 13 patients received allo-SCT, eight of which received allo-SCT after failing auto-SCT. Before auto-SCT, 52% of the patients were in their first complete remission (CR1). Overall, 37 patients (39%) relapsed after auto-SCT. The median post-auto-SCT progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) were 43.6 months and not reached, respectively. Blastoid variant MCL, transplant not received in CR1, and disease progression within 12 months post-auto-SCT independently predicted inferior OS in multivariate analysis. The median post-allo-SCT OS was 74 months. Two patients (15%) died of MCL recurrence post-allo-SCT. Three patients with refractory diseases were salvaged with ibrutinib or venetoclax to allo-SCT. Treatment strategies incorporating novel agents warrant further optimization.
Assessing Population-Based Adherence To The Updated Physical Activity Guidelines is All But Obvious
Authors: Vähä-Ypyä Henri , Sievänen Harri , Husu Pauliina , Tokola Kari , Mänttäri Ari , Heinonen Olli J. , Heiskanen Jarmo , Kaikkonen Kaisu M. , Savonen Kai , Kokko Sami , Vasankari Tommi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aerobic part of the recently updated physical activity (PA) guidelines for adults no longer requires the minimum 10-minute bouts for the accumulated time. In this study, the adherence of Finnish adult population to the new PA guidelines was evaluated using both absolute and relative cut-points describing the individual cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in relation to the intensity of PA.Methods: Totally, 1645 adults aged 20-64 years, participated in this study. The participants were instructed to wear a triaxial hip-worn accelerometer for one week. The participants with estimated maximal oxygen uptake less than 7.9 MET were categorized as low CRF group and the others as adequate CRF group. Results: The adequate CRF group had higher adherence to PA guidelines with the absolute thresholds, but the use of relative thresholds inverted the results. The adherence varied from 16 % to 100 % depending on the fitness group and the analysis parameters of accelerometer data.Conclusion: The absolute thresholds provide a more appropriate basis to assess the adherence to PA recommendations in population-based samples and interventions. The use of individually determined relative thresholds may be more useful for individual exercise prescriptions in PA counseling.
Venogenic Erectile Dysfunction: Diagnosis on Computed Tomography Cavernosography and Endovascular Treatment Using An Anterograde Access via Deep Dorsal Penile Vein
Authors: Hoppe Hanno , Diehm Nicolas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The underlying etiologies of erectile dysfunction may be manifold. Among them, vasculogenic etiologies are of increasing relevance and are not strictly limited to the elderly population. According to recent study, venogenic erectile dysfunction appears to be even more relevant than arteriogenic erectile dysfunction. Venogenic erectile dysfunction due to venous leakage causes insufficient penile blood retention. Proper diagnosis of venous leakage should include both color Doppler flow analysis and computed tomography cavernosography for adequate patient selection and treatment planning. Besides surgical ligation of penile draining veins, endovascular treatment methods may demonstrate more promising results. Especially endovascular embolization of venous leakage using an anterograde access via deep dorsal penile veins appears to be more beneficial for patients’ clinical outcome and awareness of this technique should be raised among endovascular interventionalists.
Case presentation
A 47-year-old man was diagnosed with venogenic erectile dysfunction due to venous leakage on color Doppler flow analysis and computed tomography cavernosography. He did not respond to PDE-5-inhibitors. This patient demonstrated major venous leakage of paired deep dorsal penile veins via periprostatic veins and internal pudendal veins draining into both iliohypogastric veins. This patient’s venous leak was treated with endovascular embolization using an anterograde access via deep dorsal penile veins.
Conclusion
In patients with erectile dysfunction due to venous leakage embolization using an anterograde access via deep dorsal penile veins is a safe non-invasive endovascular treatment option. A wider use of this technique may contribute not only to improved patient health but also to homogenization of future study results.
The Impact of Segmentectomy Versus Lobectomy on Pulmonary Function in Patients With Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: a Meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Yuan , Qin Yingzhi , Ma Dongjie , Liu Hongsheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: Segmentectomy has been reported as an alternative to lobectomy for small-sized NSCLC without detriment to survival. The long-term benefits of segmentectomy over lobectomy on pulmonary function have not been firmly established. This meta-analysis aims to compare postoperative changes in pulmonary function in NSCLC patients undergoing segmentectomy or lobectomy.Methods: Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus were searched through March 2021. Statistical comparisons were made when appropriate.Results: Fourteen studies (2412 participants) out of 324 citations were included in this study. All selected studies were high quality, as indicated by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for assessing the risk of bias. Clinical outcomes were compared between segmentectomy and lobectomy. ΔFEV1 [10 studies, P<0.01, WMD = 0.40 (0.29, 0.51)], ΔFVC [4 studies, P<0.01, WMD = 0.16 (0.07, 0.24)], ΔFVC% [4 studies, P<0.01, WMD = 4.05 (2.32, 5.79)], ΔFEV1/FVC [2 studies, P<0.01, WMD = 1.99 (0.90, 3.08)], and ΔDLCO [3 studies, P<0.01, WMD = 1.30 (0.69, 1.90)] were significantly lower in the segmentectomy group than in the lobectomy group. Subgroup analysis showed that in stage IA patients, the ΔFEV1% [3 studies, P<0.01, WMD = 0.26 (0.07, 0.46)] was significantly lower in the segmentectomy group. The ΔDLCO% and ΔMVV% were incomparable.Conclusion: Segmentectomy preserves more lung function than lobectomy. There were significantly smaller decreases in FEV1, FVC, FVC%, FEV1/FVC and DLCO in the segmentectomy group than in the lobectomy group.