bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Strength of Alpha Oscillations in the Electroencephalogram Differently Affects Algorithms Used for Anesthesia Monitoring
Authors: Weyer Clara , Prötzl Eva , Kinateder Thomas , Nowak Fabian , Husemann Cornelius , Hautmann Hubert , Kratzer Stephan , Schneider Gerhard , Kreuzer Matthias 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND:
Intraoperative patient monitoring using the electroencephalogram (EEG) can help to adequately adjust the anesthetic level. Therefore, the processed EEG (pEEG) provides the anesthesiologist with the estimated anesthesia level. The commonly used approaches track the changes from a fast- and a low-amplitude EEG during wakefulness to a slow- and a high-amplitude EEG under general anesthesia. However, besides these changes, another EEG feature, a strong oscillatory activity in the alpha band (8–12 Hz), develops in the frontal EEG. Strong alpha-band activity during general anesthesia seems to reflect an appropriate anesthetic level for certain anesthetics, but the way the common pEEG approaches react to changes in the alpha-band activity is not well explained. Hence, we investigated the impact of an artificial alpha-band modulation on pEEG approaches used in anesthesia research.

METHODS:
We performed our analyses based on 30 seconds of simulated sedation (n = 25) EEG, simulated anesthesia (n = 25) EEG, and EEG episodes from 20 patients extracted from a steady state that showed a clearly identifiable alpha peak in the density spectral array (DSA) and a state entropy (GE Healthcare) around 50, indicative of adequate anesthesia. From these traces, we isolated the alpha activity by band-pass filtering (8–12 Hz) and added this alpha activity to or subtracted it from the signals in a stepwise manner. For each of the original and modified signals, the following pEEG values were calculated: (1) spectral edge frequency (SEF95), (2) beta ratio, (3) spectral entropy (SpEntr), (4) approximate entropy (ApEn), and (5) permutation entropy (PeEn).

RESULTS:
The pEEG approaches showed different reactions to the alpha-band modification that depended on the data set and the amplification step. The beta ratio and PeEn decreased with increasing alpha activity for all data sets, indicating a deepening of anesthesia. The other pEEG approaches behaved nonuniformly. SEF95, SpEntr, and ApEn decreased with increasing alpha for the simulated anesthesia data (arousal) but decreased for simulated sedation. For the patient EEG, ApEn indicated an arousal, and SEF95 and SpEntr showed a nonuniform change.

CONCLUSIONS:
Changes in the alpha-band activity lead to different reactions for different pEEG approaches. Hence, the presence of strong oscillatory alpha activity that reflects an adequate level of anesthesia may be interpreted differently, by an either increasing (arousal) or decreasing (deepening) pEEG value. This could complicate anesthesia navigation and prevent the adjustment to an adequate, alpha-dominant anesthesia level, when titrating by the pEEG values.
Evidence-based research impact praxis: Integrating scholarship and practice to ensure research benefits society
Authors: Jensen Eric A. , Reed Mark , Jensen Aaron M. , Gerber Alexander 
Published: November 2021

Effective research impact development is essential to address global challenges. This commentary highlights key issues facing research impact development as a nascent professional field of practice. We argue that those working on research impact should take a strategic, ‘evidence-based’ approach to maximize potential research benefits and minimize potential harms. We identify key features of evidence-based good practice in the context of research impact work. This includes integrating relevant research and theory into professional decision-making, drawing on a diversity of academic disciplines offering pertinent insights. Such an integration of scholarship and practice will improve the capacity of research impact work to make a positive difference for society. Moving the focus of research impact work to earlier stages in the research and innovation process through stakeholder engagement and anticipatory research can also boost its effectiveness. The research impact evidence base should be combined with the right kind of professional capacities and practical experience to enhance positive impact. Such capacities need to be developed through relevant education and training, for example, in participatory methods and social inclusion. Such training for research impact work needs to forge strong links between research impact scholarship and practice. Finally, there is a need for improvements in the evidence base for research impact to make it more practically useful.
PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO: O USO DA FERRAMENTA BALANCED SCORECARD COMO UMA NOVA VISÃO DE GESTÃO NA COMPANHIA PERNAMBUCANA DE SANEAMENTO
Authors: Feitoza Iellen Beatriz Alves , Ferreira Leonardo Rodrigues 
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O presente trabalho versa sobre o planejamento estratégico na Companhia Pernambucana de Saneamento – COMPESA, relatando os principais problemas do uso da ferramenta Balanced Scorecard - BSC, bem como, sugerindo algumas mudanças significativas nas ações administrativas, que resultarão na melhoria dos processos – tornando assim mais eficaz o uso do instrumento no planejamento da referida empresa. Após identificação da situação problema a ser investigada, foram realizadas entrevistas no sentido de aperfeiçoar as ações operacionais e em seguida refeitos os passos do planejamento. Assim, segundo as demonstrações das ações de intervenção, serão mitigadas as imperfeições do procedimento contribuindo para uma melhor eficiência das tarefas, trazendo resultados positivos para a organização.Palavras-chave: BSC. Estratégia. Processos administrativos.Abstract: The present work intends to deal with the strategic planning in the Company Pernambucana de Saneamento – COMPESA, reporting the main problems of the use of the tool Balanced Scorecard - BSC, as well as, it has been suggested some significant changes in the administrative actions, that will result in the improvement of the processes, thus making more effective the use of the instrument in the planning of the company. After identifying the problem situation to be investigated, interviews were conducted in order to improve the operational actions and then reworked the planning steps, so, according to the demonstrations of the intervention actions, the imperfections of the procedure will be mitigated, thus contributing to a better efficiency of the tasks, bringing positive results to the organization.Keywords: BSC. Strategy. Administrative processes.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE MASCULINA NA PÓS-MODERNIDADE: NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS A PARTIR DO FRALDÁRIO MASCULINO
Authors: Souza Estevão Trindade , Souza Ligia Claudia Gomes 
Published: November 2021

Resumo: O presente trabalho busca compreender e discutir a forma como o homem cisgênero tem construído a sua identidade, na época atual, denominada pós-moderna. Para problematizar esse processo, a pesquisa utilizou-se da lei de instalação de fraldários em banheiros masculinos, como meio de uma análise do contexto contemporâneo da formação identitária masculina e de novos modos de exercício da masculinidade, buscando, assim, mostrar um novo horizonte de possibilidades. O trabalho se articula teoricamente ao conceito de liquidez proposto por Zygmunt Bauman, destacando o conceito de sociedade líquida e o modo como ela influencia esse processo de construção da identidade masculina. Para tal fim, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura que apontou que há um processo de reformulação do conceito de masculinidade em curso e o fraldário no banheiro masculino indica a possibilidade de um novo exercício do masculino ao romper com a lógica machista e patriarcal.Palavras-chave: Masculinidade. Identidade. Pós-modernidade. Bauman. Abstract: This work aims to understand and discuss how the cisgender man lives his cultural identity in the present time, named as postmodern. To discuss this process, the research used the Brazilian law of installation of baby changing facilities in male bathrooms, as means to analyze the contemporary context of male identity formation and new ways of exercising masculinity, seeking a new horizon of possibilities for this process. Using as a theorical basis for this work, the “liquid society” concept, from “liquidity” concept by Zygmunt Bauman, is used to explain how it influences the construction process of male identity. In order to do this, a literature review was carried out. This indicated that there is an ongoing process of reviewing the concept of masculinity and the baby changing room in the men’s bathroom, by breaking with sexist and patriarchal logic, suggests the possibility of a new male ways of living.Keywords: Masculinity. Identity. Postmodernity. Bauman.
Deep infection after hip hemiarthroplasty: risk factors for infection and outcome of treatments
Authors: Craxford Simon , Marson Ben A. , Nightingale Jessica , Ikram Adeel , Agrawal Yuvraj , Deakin Dan , Ollivere Benjamin 
Published: November 2021

Aims Deep surgical site infection (SSI) remains an unsolved problem after hip fracture. Debridement, antibiotic, and implant retention (DAIR) has become a mainstream treatment in elective periprosthetic joint infection; however, evidence for DAIR after infected hip hemiarthroplaty is limited. Methods Patients who underwent a hemiarthroplasty between March 2007 and August 2018 were reviewed. Multivariable binary logistic regression was performed to identify and adjust for risk factors for SSI, and to identify factors predicting a successful DAIR at one year. Results A total of 3,966 patients were identified. The overall rate of SSI was 1.7% (51 patients (1.3%) with deep SSI, and 18 (0.45%) with superficial SSI). In all, 50 patients underwent revision surgery for infection (43 with DAIR, and seven with excision arthroplasty). After adjustment for other variables, only concurrent urinary tract infection (odds ratio (OR) 2.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.57 to 4.92; p < 0.001) and increasing delay to theatre for treatment of the fracture (OR 1.31 per day, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.52; p < 0.001) were predictors of developing a SSI, while a cemented arthroplasty was protective (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.96; p = 0.031). In all, nine patients (20.9%) were alive at one year with a functioning hemiarthroplasty following DAIR, 20 (46.5%) required multiple surgical debridements after an initial DAIR, and 18 were converted to an excision arthroplasty due to persistent infection, with six were alive at one year. The culture of any gram-negative organism reduced success rates to 12.5% (no cases were successful with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas infection). Favourable organisms included Citrobacter and Proteus (100% cure rate). The all-cause mortality at one year after deep SSI was 55.87% versus 24.9% without deep infection. Conclusion Deep infection remains a devastating complication regardless of the treatment strategy employed. Success rates of DAIR are poor compared to total hip arthroplasty, and should be reserved for favourable organisms in patients able to tolerate multiple surgical procedures. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(11):958–965.
Whose Sidewalk?
Authors: Kouros Theodoros 
Published: November 2021

Home is a nodal point in a series of polarities, including family-community; space-place; inside-outside; private-public; domestic-social. These may not be stable but seem both solidified and undermined as they play out their meaning and practice in and through the home. The “public” is traditionally the state’s domain, while the “private” the citizens’. But where does “private” end and “public” begin? Can a border or boundary be placed between the two? Is such a boundary culture-specific or universal? Is it static or dynamic? Scholars often perceive borders as barriers and bridges, porous and impenetrable, and border studies have shown that urban entities have their own internal and external borders. I argue that such internal urban micro-boundaries can be found in the domain of domestic space, separating the private from the public, and that they are dynamic and constantly negotiated. Not necessarily marked, they are acknowledged by a mutual and tacit agreement, a social and cultural consensus. In this paper, I focus on common expansions of private into public space in Limassol, Cyprus, and the ways in which, this social consensus is achieved through the use of several tactics. As I illustrate, all these tactics seem to transform public space into private, on a symbolic level. The paper’s contribution lies in the examination of this type of boundary, which has received little academic attention, as well as in the introduction of the term “tactics of inhibition.”
The Work of Craterus and the Documents in the Attic Orators and in the “Lives of the Ten Orators”
Authors: Harris Edward 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThis essay is divided into three parts. The first examines the documents about Antiphon in the “Lives of the Ten Orators” (Plut. X orat. 833d–834b), which have been attributed to the collection of Craterus, and shows that they must be forgeries because the information contained in them is inconsistent with reliable sources about Athenian laws and legal procedure and with the language and formulas of the preserved decrees of the fifth century and contains other serious mistakes. The second section examines the fragments of the work of Craterus and shows that all are Athenian decrees, most of which relate to imperial administration or to famous personalities and are dated to the period between roughly 480 and 410. None of the fragments of this work can be dated earlier or later than this period. The third section reviews the documents inserted into the texts of the speeches of Andocides, Aeschines and Demosthenes and shows that in the majority of cases the editors who inserted these documents into the text could not have used the work of Craterus either for the texts of the genuine documents or for the information contained in the forged documents. In the other cases there is no evidence indicating that these editors consulted his work, and it appears that those who composed these documents used other sources.
Para una zoología de la realeza: Alejandro Magno y los elefantes
Authors: Alonso Troncoso Victor 
Published: November 2021

ResumenEste artículo estudia la relación de Alejandro Magno con los elefantes, tanto desde el punto de vista militar como simbólico. Opera con el concepto de zoología de la realeza, analizando el status y jerarquía de caballos, águilas, leones, elefantes y dromedarios en la nueva ideología del conquistador macedonio.
Dissecting role of founder mutation p.V727M in GNE in Indian HIBM cohort
Authors: Attri Shivangi , Sharma Vikas , Kumar Amit , Verma Chaitenya , Gahlawat Suresh Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
GNE gene-specific c.2179G>A(p.V727M) is a key alteration reported in patients with hereditary inclusion body myopathy (HIBM) and represents an ethnic founder mutation in the Indian cohort. However, the underlying role of this mutation in pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Thus, in this study, we aimed to access possible mechanisms of V727M mutation that could be leading to myopathy. We evaluated various in silico tools to predict the effect of this mutation on pathogenicity, structural or possible interactions, that could induce myopathy. Our results propose that V727M mutation could induce deleterious effects or pathogenicity and affect the stability of GNE protein. Analysis of differential genes reported in the V727 mutant case suggests that it can affect GNE protein interaction with Myc-proto-oncogene (MYC) transcription factor. Our in silico analysis also suggests a possible interaction between GNE ManNac-kinase domain with MYC protein at the C-terminal DNA-binding domain. MYC targets reported in skeletal muscles via ChIP-seq suggest that it plays a key role in regulating the expression of many genes reported differentially expressed in V727M-mutated HIBMs. We conclude that V727M mutation could alter the interaction of GNE with MYC thereby altering transcription of sialyltransferase and neuromuscular genes, thus understanding these effects could pave the way for developing effective therapies against HIBM.
Visualization of Prior Austenite Grain Boundaries in Low-Carbon Steels
Authors: Böcker M. , Steinbacher M. , Fechte-Heinen R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Knowledge of the size of the prior austenite grain is of key importance. If abnormal grain growth occurs during austenitization, the resultant inhomogeneous microstructure may negatively affect the strength and toughness properties of the final product. The visualization of prior austenite grain boundaries with an etchant based on picric acid has been applied for years. Despite this long-time experience, it is often challenging to achieve sufficiently good visualization of prior austenite grain boundaries in many steel grades, especially low-carbon steels. This work will study the effect of the cooling rate from austenitizing temperature down to room temperature, of the subsequent tempering treatment and the etchant on the visualization of prior austenite grain boundaries in a low-carbon microalloyed steel. All these parameters have an impact on the etching result. A suitable etchant for the visualization of prior austenite grain boundaries in a low-carbon microalloyed steel could be found.
Directly measured free and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in relation to metabolic health in multi-ethnic postmenopausal females in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharazy Shatha , Robertson M Denise , Lanham-New Susan , Naseer Muhammad Imran , Chaudhary Adeel G , Alissa Eman 
Published: November 2021

Background
Measurement of free 25-hydroyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status has been suggested as a more representative marker of vitamin D status than that of total 25(OH)D. Previously, free 25(OH)D could only be calculated indirectly; however, a newly developed direct assay for the measurement of free 25(OH)D is now available. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate directly measured total and free vitamin D levels association with metabolic health in postmenopausal healthy women living in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
A sample of 302 postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years (n  = 302) living in Saudi Arabia were recruited in a cross-sectional study design. Blood samples were collected from subjects for measurement of serum levels of total 25(OH)D, directly measured free 25(OH)D, metabolic bone parameters, lipid profile, and other biochemical tests.

Results
A positive correlation was found between directly measured free and total 25(OH)D (r = 0.64, P< 0.0001). Total but not free 25(OH)D showed significant association with serum intact parathyroid hormone (P = 0.004), whilst free 25(OH)D but not total 25(OH)D showed a significant association with total cholesterol and LDL-C (P = 0.032 and P = 0.045, respectively).

Conclusions
Free 25(OH)D and total 25(OH)D were found to be consistently correlated but with different associations to metabolic health parameters. Further research is needed to determine which marker of vitamin D status would be the most appropriate in population studies.
Żądania „Solidarności” wobec władz komunistycznych dotyczące wolności słowa w radiu i telewizji
Authors: Dziekan-Łanucha Agata 
Published: November 2021

Żądania „Solidarności” wobec władz komunistycznych dotyczące wolności słowa w radiu i telewizji. Formujący się na początku lat 80. Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy „Solidarność” od pierwszych momentów swojej działalności walczył o wolność mediów, likwidację monopolu władz komunistycznych w radiofonii i telewizji, dopuszczenie do głosu niezależnych środowisk. Rozpoczynał tuż przed wybuchem stanu wojennego od żądań dostępu do radia i telewizji dla siebie oraz dla wszystkich środowisk odgrywających istotną rolę w życiu publicznym kraju. W czasie obrad Okrągłego Stołu opozycjoniści domagali się likwidacji Komitetu do spraw Radia i Telewizji oraz stworzenia systemu mediów poddanego kontroli społecznej. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja wyników badań polegających na analizie głównie materiałów źródłowych (oficjalnych dokumentów, doniesień prasowych) wytworzonych w 80. latach, a odnoszących się do poglądów i żądań przedstawicieli „Solidarności” dotyczących pluralizmu w mediach elektronicznych.
News Values vs. Gospel Values. Religious messages in the media – case study of celebrity gossip column “Virtues and Vices”
Authors: Rončáková Terézia 
Published: November 2021

News Values vs. Gospel Values. Religious messages in the media – case study of celebrity gossip column “Virtues and Vices”. By conveying religious messages through a media communication channel, researches often point to the “news non-value” of religious events. This is a conflict between “news values” (headed by conflict) and “gospel values” (which are Christian virtues). However, some religious topics are also interesting for the secular media. Among them, the most popular are the stories and fortunes of well-known people (and their private lives). The Slovak weekly, “.týždeň”, has published a regular column of Virtues and Vices, since 2011, in which celebrities – including many Christians – openly talk about their strengths and weaknesses. This study offers a content analysis of the presented virtues and vices; answering the question, what (Christian) virtues and their negations are of interest to the secular media?
O historii komunikowania muzyką i jej inspiracjach
Authors: Raś Dariusz 
Published: November 2021

O historii komunikowania muzyką i jej inspiracjach. Jedną z centralnych ról w historii komunikacji międzyludzkiej pełni muzyka. Z początku proste, a potem coraz bardziej wyszukane formy muzyczne towarzyszą człowiekowi już od starożytności. Muzyczna komunikacja i ekspresja odróżnia się od innych form wyrazu znacznie większą abstrakcyjnością przekazywanych treści oraz wykorzystaniem oprócz głosu ludzkiego, również innych dźwięków naturalnych oraz instrumentów muzycznych. Celem opracowania jest przestawienie emanacyjnej analizy źródeł muzycznych autorstwa papieża Benedykta XVI w zestawieniu z wybranymi informacjami o źródłach, gatunkach muzyki i historii tej formy komunikacji.
Media jako przestrzeń komunikacji wiary i kultury w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II. Szkic do problemu
Authors: Lamch Marzanna 
Published: November 2021

Media jako przestrzeń komunikacji wiary i kultury w nauczaniu Jana Pawła II. Szkic do problemu. Kultura jest rzeczywistością właściwą tylko człowiekowi. Środki społecznego przekazu, które w dużej mierze tworzą kulturę i ją przekazują, służą osobie ludzkiej i całemu społeczeństwu. Stanowią swoisty pomost między kulturą a wiarą; poszerzają i zgłębiają wiedzę religijną, inspirują, intrygują i służą jako narzędzie ewangelizacji. Jan Paweł II zwraca uwagę na to, jak ważne w kulturze są treści religijne, które oddają pełny obraz człowieka jako jedności psychofizycznej, jedności duszy i ciała, i jego powołania do miłości.