bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of focal cortical dysplasia: Development and multicentric evaluation of artificial intelligence models
Authors: Kersting Lennart N. , Walger Lennart , Bauer Tobias , Gnatkovsky Vadym , Schuch Fabiane , David Bastian , Neuhaus Elisabeth , Keil Fee , Tietze Anna , Rosenow Felix , Kaindl Angela M. , Hattingen Elke , Huppertz Hans‐Jürgen , Radbruch Alexander , Surges Rainer , Rüber Theodor 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveFocal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of drug‐resistant focal epilepsy but can be challenging to detect visually on magnetic resonance imaging. Three artificial intelligence models for automated FCD detection are publicly available (MAP18, deepFCD, MELD) but have only been compared on single‐center data. Our first objective is to compare them on independent multicenter test data. Additionally, we train and compare three new models and make them publicly available.MethodsWe retrospectively collected FCD cases from four epilepsy centers. We chose three novel models that take two‐dimensional (2D) slices (2D‐nnUNet), 2.5D slices (FastSurferCNN), and large 3D patches (3D‐nnUNet) as inputs and trained them on a subset of Bonn data. As core evaluation metrics, we used voxel‐level Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), cluster‐level F1 score, subject‐level detection rate, and specificity.ResultsWe collected 329 subjects, 244 diagnosed with FCD (27.7 ± 14.4 years old, 54% male) and 85 healthy controls (7.1 ± 2.4 years old, 51% female). We used 118 subjects for model training and kept the remaining subjects as an independent test set. 3D‐nnUNet achieved the highest F1 score of .58, the highest DSC of .36 (95% confidence interval [CI] = .30–.41), a detection rate of 55%, and a specificity of 86%. deepFCD showed the highest detection rate (82%) but had the lowest specificity (0%) and cluster‐level precision (.03, 95% CI = .03–.04, F1 score = .07). MELD showed the least performance variation across centers, with detection rates between 46% and 54%.SignificanceThis study shows the variance in performance for FCD detection models in a multicenter dataset. The two models with 3D input data showed the highest sensitivity. The 2D models performed worse than all other models, suggesting that FCD detection requires 3D data. The greatly improved precision of 3D‐nnUNet may make it a sensible choice to aid FCD detection.
Differential Response of Fracture Characterization of Mode III Fracture in Sandstone Under Dynamic Versus Static Loading
Authors: Qin Xiaofeng , Su Haijian , Yu Liyuan , Wang Hao , Jiang Ying , Pham Thi Nhan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis work examines the effect of loading rate (
) on the mode III fracture behavior of sandstone. Edge‐notched diametrically compressed (ENDC) disc sandstone specimens were tested under different static and dynamic mode III fracture loadings, revealing a clear loading rate effect on both mode III and mode I fractures. Specifically, the peak load and fracture toughness (KIIIC, KIC) increase as the
increases across both static and dynamic scales. At the static scale, the KIIIC is about 1.28–1.38 times of the KIC, whereas at the dynamic scale, the KIIIC is less than the KIC. The relationship between KIIIC and KIC is affected by the loading scale and the shape of the specimen, but the data collected thus far indicate that the origin and type of rock have minimal effect on this relationship. In addition, the fracture surface morphology characteristics were quantitatively analyzed.
Will an electric vehicle manufacturer benefit from sharing services through price leadership strategy and improving the driving range?
Authors: Wang Ying , Chen Zhongwei , Fan Zhi‐Ping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe investigate the incentives of an electric vehicle manufacturer (EVM) to improve the driving range of electric vehicles (EVs) following the entry of a third‐party business‐to‐consumer EV‐sharing platform (sharing platform). Particularly, we examine the two parties’ price leadership strategy and evaluate two scenarios: the EVM is unable (i.e., the short‐term scenario) and able (i.e., the long‐term scenario) to improve the driving range. In the short‐term scenario, the sharing platform (or EVM) should act as price leader if the hassle cost faced by the sharing platform is low (or high). Moreover, the EVM's profits are found to be lower in the short‐term scenario (with sharing services), compared to the case without such services. In the long‐term scenario, the EVM must always act as a price leader. Additionally, when faced with high hassle cost, a higher driving range should be established. Improving the driving range will increase the long‐term profitability of the EVM.
Parents' Need for Support From Family and Friends During Their Preterm Infants' Hospitalisation: A Cross‐National Qualitative Study
Authors: Kainiemi Emma , Axelin Anna , Haslund‐Thomsen Helle , Jonsdottir Rakel Björg , Flacking Renée 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo explore the need for support from family and friends among parents of preterm infants within neonatal intensive care.DesignA cross‐national qualitative study.MethodsIn autumn 2019, 73 parents of preterm infants hospitalised in neonatal intensive care units in Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Sweden were interviewed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsThe infant's hospitalisation created a complex context for parental support from family and friends. Social, emotional and practical support were crucial but often hindered by challenges related to the environment, timing, individual circumstances and relationships. Parents emphasised the need for family and friends to be supported in understanding the situation.ConclusionEncouraging the presence and involvement of family and friends, implementing adaptive unit policies and sensitivity of staff are pivotal in fostering a supportive environment.ImplicationsBy better understanding parents' need for support, neonatal units can further develop their practices and enhance the parental support. This can be achieved by enabling the presence and involvement of family and friends at the level the parents desire.ImpactThis study addressed a knowledge gap regarding parents' support need from family and friends during their preterm infant's hospitalisation. This study's results will offer important knowledge to develop unit practices and comprehensive support systems for parents.Reporting MethodThis study followed the relevant EQUATOR guidelines and COREQ checklist.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Neurological Nurses' Perspectives on Communication of Stroke Recurrence Risks: A Mixed‐Method Study
Authors: Lin Beilei , Jin Yujia , Qiu Yunjing , Wang Shanshan , Mei Yongxia , Wang Panpan , Chen Ruofei (Trophy) , Chen Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo gain a comprehensive understanding of the practices, attitudes, and thoughts of neurological nurses regarding communication about the risk of stroke recurrence.DesignThis is a mixed‐method study with a sequential explanatory design.MethodsAn electronic survey was conducted amongst 280 neurological nurses from 30 hospitals to explore their clinical practice and attitudes towards stroke recurrence risk communication (RC). Furthermore, 10 nurses' from three tertiary hospitals were interviewed using a convenience sampling approach, and data were analysed with Colaizzi's methods.ResultsMost neurological nurses view recurrence RC essential and beneficial. Quantitative results indicated that nurses frequently discuss warning symptoms, risk factors, the likelihood, and severity of stroke recurrence with patients. However, qualitative analysis indicated that these communications are often non‐standardised, with cautious language, use of informal language, non‐fixed timing, and limited focus on structured communication strategies. Factors influencing communication practices span three levels: the nurse, the patient, and the organisation. Influencing factors fall into three categories: nurse‐related (age, education, experience, confidence, and knowledge), patient‐related (trust and preferences), and organisational (lack of standardised models for communication).ConclusionsAlthough neurological nurses recognise the significance of recurrence RC, their skills in this area could benefit from further development. Developing training and supporting nurses in delivering effective stroke recurrence risk education independently or in collaboration with physicians is crucial.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe findings highlight the necessity of standardising stroke recurrence RC, including the development of assessment tools, training programs, and communication strategies. These are essential for optimising risk education in stroke secondary prevention and promoting effective cardiovascular RC in clinical practice.Reporting MethodThis study adhered to the GRAMMS checklist.Patient or Public ContributionNot applicable.Trail RegistrationCTR2000034244
Perceptions of Resilience Among Nurses: A Qualitative Study Based on the Society‐To‐Cells Framework
Authors: Badawy Walaa , Zinhom Haithm , Shaban Mostafa 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAim(s)To explore the perceptions of resilience among nurses using the Society‐to‐Cells Resilience Theory and examine how multilevel factors influence their ability to maintain resilience in high‐stress environments.DesignA qualitative study using semi‐structured interviews.MethodsSixteen registered nurses from various healthcare settings in the Asir region, Saudi Arabia, participated in face‐to‐face interviews conducted from February to April 2024. The interviews were analysed thematically to identify key factors affecting resilience at individual, familial, institutional and societal levels.ResultsFour key themes emerged: individual coping strategies, family and social support, institutional support mechanisms and societal recognition. Nurses identified personal coping methods, such as mindfulness and exercise, as essential for maintaining resilience. Family and social networks played a crucial role in emotional support. Institutional factors, such as adequate staffing and leadership support, were vital to resilience, while a lack of societal recognition negatively impacted nurses' well‐being.ConclusionResilience in nursing is a multifaceted process influenced by individual, institutional and societal factors. Supportive work environments, adequate resources and recognition of nurses' contributions are critical in fostering resilience.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe findings emphasise the need for healthcare institutions to implement policies and support mechanisms that address both the personal and professional challenges nurses face. Promoting resilience can improve nurse retention, job satisfaction and patient care outcomes.Reporting MethodThis study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Implications of the Last Glacial Maximum on the Genetic Diversity of Six Co‐Distributed Taxa in the Baja California Peninsula
Authors: Márquez‐Márquez Anayeli , Martínez‐Rincón Raúl Octavio , Hernández‐Guzmán Rafael , García‐De León Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimDuring the Last Glacial Maximum, the temperature in the Baja California Peninsula decreased and the precipitation increased compared to present climatic conditions. These changes influenced the geographic distribution and the demographic processes of plants and animals. This article aims to determine how Pleistocene and current climate impacted the geographic distribution and the genetic diversity patterns of six species co‐distributed in the Baja California Peninsula.LocationNorthwest Mexico.TaxonA group of six species with desert affinities, two cacti (Pachycereus pringlei and Stenocereus gummosus), one spider (Pardosa sierra), one reptile (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) and two birds (Melanerpes uropygialis and Basilinna xantusii).MethodsMeta‐analysis of published microsatellite data was carried out for the previously mentioned species. Hierarchical generalised additive models (HGAMs) were used to assess the relationship between genetic diversity values and six abiotic predictors (latitude, elevation, current climate, habitat suitability, climatic stability and habitat suitability stability from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present). The change in the distribution range from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present was found using potential distribution models (PDMs).ResultsHGAMs revealed that M. uropygialis showed a significant relationship between genetic diversity and climatic stability, while the genetic diversity of D. dorsalis responded to the current climate. The genetic diversity of M. uropygialis and P. pringlei was affected by habitat suitability change while in B. xantusii, genetic diversity changed with current habitat suitability. According to potential distribution models, four areas of northwest Mexico functioned as a refuge during the Last Glacial Maximum: the south of the peninsula, the region between the western tip of the Vizcaíno peninsula and Cedros Island, the upper Gulf of California and the coasts of Sonora. However, only the spatial patterns of predicted genetic diversity of M. uropygialis coincide with the location of Pleistocene refugia.Main ConclusionsNo evidence was found of a concerted response of species to climate change during the Pleistocene, only one species showed evidence of discrete Pleistocene refugia and climatic stability and habitat suitability are not always conducive to higher genetic diversity values.
Prediction Models of Medication Adherence in Chronic Disease Patients: Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal
Authors: Xu Jingwen , Zhao Xinyi , Li Fei , Xiao Yan , Li Kun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAims and ObjectivesTo summarise the currently developed risk prediction models for medication adherence in patients with chronic diseases and evaluate their performance and applicability.BackgroundEnsuring medication adherence is crucial in effectively managing chronic diseases. Although numerous studies have endeavoured to construct risk prediction models for predicting medication adherence in patients with chronic illnesses, the reliability and practicality of these models remain uncertain.DesignSystematic review.MethodsWe conducted searches on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase and Medline from inception until 16 July 2023. Two authors independently screened risk prediction models for medication adherence that met the predefined inclusion criteria. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was employed to evaluate both the risk of bias and clinical applicability of the included studies. This systematic review adhered to the 2020 PRISMA checklist.ResultsThe study included a total of 11 risk prediction models from 11 studies. Medication regimen and age were the most common predictors. The use of PROBAST revealed that some essential methodological details were not thoroughly reported in these models. Due to limitations in methodology, all models were rated as having a high‐risk for bias.ConclusionsAccording to PROBAST, the current models for predicting medication adherence in patients with chronic diseases exhibit a high risk of bias. Future research should prioritise enhancing the methodological quality of model development and conducting external validations on existing models.Relevance to Clinical PracticeBased on the review findings, recommendations have been provided to refine the construction methodology of prediction models with an aim of identifying high‐risk individuals and key factors associated with low medication adherence in chronic diseases.Patient or Public ContributionThis systematic review was conducted without patient or public participation.
Correlation between the 5‐tier fetal heart rate pattern classification at delivery and Apgar scores
Authors: Watanabe Mariko , Watanabe Norikazu , Fukase Mika , Yamanouchi Keiko , Nagase Satoru 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimIn Japan, the fetal heart rate pattern on cardiotocography is usually categorized into five levels for intrapartum management; however, studies on the 5‐tier cardiotocography classification are limited. This study aimed to determine the correlation between 5‐tier cardiotocography levels at delivery, neonatal Apgar scores and perinatal prognosis using a perinatal registry database.MethodsThis retrospective study used the 2018 Perinatal Registry Database of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Apgar scores and perinatal prognosis were compared between patients with Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology intrapartum cardiotocography levels 1–2, and levels 3–5.ResultsIn total, 240 987 cases were registered, with 114 201 full‐term deliveries comprising 84 703 vaginal and 29 498 cesarean deliveries. For vaginal delivery cases, the crude odds ratios of 1‐min Apgar score ≤3 for levels 3 (odds ratio: 1.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.4–2.0, p < 0.0001), levels 4 (odds ratio: 5.9, 95% confidence interval: 5.1–6.9, p < 0.0001), and levels 5 (odds ratio: 49.2, 95% confidence interval: 37.5–64.5, p < 0.0001) were significantly higher than those for levels 1–2 (odds ratio: 1.0). Moreover, the crude odds ratios of 5‐min Apgar score ≤ 3 for levels 4 (odds ratio: 4.8, confidence interval: 2.7–8.7, p < 0.0001), and levels 5 (odds ratio: 71.1, confidence interval: 32.6–155.1, p < 0.0001) were significantly higher than those for levels 1–2 (odds ratio: 1.0). Similarly, in cases of cesarean delivery, it showed a similar trend to case of vaginal delivery cases.ConclusionThe 5‐tier cardiotocography classification can predict severe neonatal asphyxia.
Sequence‐Based Multi Ancestry Association Study Reveals the Polygenic Architecture of Varroa destructor Resistance in the Honeybee Apis mellifera
Authors: Eynard Sonia E. , Mondet Fanny , Basso Benjamin , Bouchez Olivier , Le Conte Yves , Dainat Benjamin , Decourtye Axel , Genestout Lucie , Guichard Matthieu , Guillaume François , Labarthe Emmanuelle , Locke Barbara , Mahla Rachid , de Miranda Joachim , Neuditschko Markus , Phocas Florence , Canale‐Tabet Kamila , Vignal Alain , Servin Bertrand 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHoneybees, Apis mellifera, have experienced the full impacts of globalisation, including the recent invasion by the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, now one of the main causes of colony losses worldwide. The strong selection pressure it exerts has led some colonies to develop defence strategies conferring some degree of resistance to the parasite. Assuming these traits are partly heritable, selective breeding of naturally resistant bees could be a sustainable strategy for fighting infestations. To characterise the genetic determinism of varroa resistance, we conducted the largest genome wide association study performed to date on whole genome sequencing of more than 1500 colonies on multiple phenotypes linked to varroa resistance of honeybees. To take into account some genetic diversity of honeybees, colonies belonging to different ancestries representing the main honeybee subspecies in Western Europe were included and analysed both as separate populations and combined in a meta‐analysis. The results show that varroa resistance is substantially heritable and polygenic: while 60 significant associations were identified, none explain a substantial part of the trait genetic variance. Overall our study highlights that genomic selection for varroa resistance is promising but that it will not be based on managing a few strong effect mutations and rather use approaches that leverage the genome wide diversity of honeybee populations. From a broader perspective, these results point the way towards understanding the genetic adaptation of eusocial insects to parasite load.
Increasing and Alarming Prevalence of Trichophyton indotineae as the Primary Causal Agent of Skin Dermatophytosis in Iran
Authors: Mirhendi Hossein , Aboutalebian Shima , Jahanshiri Zahra , Rouhi Faezeh , Shidfar Mohammad‐Reza , Chadeganipour Amir‐Shayan , Shadzi Shahla , Kharazi Mahboobeh , Erami Mahzad , Rizi Mahnaz Hosseini 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTrichophyton indotineae, formerly described as T. mentagrophytes rDNA‐ITS genotype VIII, has recently been identified as a novel species within the T. mentagrophytes complex. It has rapidly replaced T. rubrum as the predominant dermatophyte. In this study, skin dermatophyte isolates collected from patients in Iran were sequence‐analysed for species identification. Additionally, the current prevalence of T. indotineae was compared with data from the previous decade.MethodsA total of 194 dermatophyte isolates were collected from patients in four cities across Iran between July and December 2023, with 73 isolates of the T. mentagrophytes complex from the past decade also included. DNA was extracted from fresh colonies, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1–5.8S rDNA‐ITS2 region was PCR‐amplified and sequenced, followed by bioinformatic sequence analysis.ResultsOut of the 194 dermatophyte isolates, 132 samples (68.04%) were identified as T. indotineae, followed by T. tonsurans (14.43%), T. rubrum (7.22%), Microsporum canis (4.64%), T. interdigitale (3.61%), T. mentagrophytes (1.55%) and Arthroderma benhamiae (0.51%). Sequence analysis of 73 isolates from the past decade showed T. indotineae as the most frequently identified species (43.83%), followed by T. interdigitale (32.88%), T. mentagrophytes (21.92%) and Nannizzia fulva (1.37%). These findings indicate an increasing prevalence of T. indotineae in Iran in recent years. We analysed 214 T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale isolates, identifying 164 as T. indotineae, including 26 with nucleotide variations. A phylogenetic tree highlighted the genetic diversity within the species complex.ConclusionThe alarmingly high prevalence of the potentially drug‐resistant species T. indotineae signals the necessity of continuous surveillance of skin dermatophytosis in the community.