bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Femoral Version on the Outcomes of Hip Arthroscopic Surgery for Femoroacetabular Impingement or Labral Tears: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Chenghui , Sun Yaying , Ding Zheci , Lin Jinrong , Luo Zhiwen , Chen Jiwu 
Published: June 2021

Background: It remains controversial whether abnormal femoral version (FV) affects the outcomes of hip arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) or labral tears. Purpose: To review the outcomes of hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI or labral tears in patients with normal versus abnormal FV. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were searched in July 2020 for studies reporting the outcomes after primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI or labral tears in patients with femoral retroversion (<5°), femoral anteversion (>20°), or normal FV (5°-20°). The primary outcome was the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), and secondary outcomes were the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Hip Outcome Score–Sport-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), failure rate, and patient satisfaction. The difference in preoperative and postoperative scores (Δ) was also calculated when applicable. Results: Included in this review were 5 studies with 822 patients who underwent hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI or labral tears; there were 166 patients with retroversion, 512 patients with normal version, and 144 patients with anteversion. Patients with retroversion and normal version had similar postoperative mHHS scores (mean difference [MD], 2.42 [95% confidence interval (CI), –3.42 to 8.26]; P = .42) and ΔmHHS scores (MD, –0.70 [96% CI, –8.56 to 7.15]; P = .86). Likewise, the patients with anteversion and normal version had similar postoperative mHHS scores (MD, –3.09 [95% CI, –7.66 to 1.48]; P = .18) and ΔmHHS scores (MD, –1.92 [95% CI, –6.18 to 2.34]; P = .38). Regarding secondary outcomes, patients with retroversion and anteversion had similar ΔNAHS scores, ΔHOS-SSS scores, ΔVAS scores, patient satisfaction, and failure rates to those with normal version, although a significant difference was found between the patients with retroversion and normal version regarding postoperative NAHS scores (MD, 5.96 [95% CI, 1.66-10.26]; P = .007) and postoperative HOS-SSS scores (MD, 7.32 [95% CI, 0.19-14.44]; P = .04). Conclusion: The results of this review indicated that abnormal FV did not significantly influence outcomes after hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI or labral tears.
Use of vonoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, for the treatment of proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Shirai Yuichiro , Kawami Noriyuki , Iwakiri Katsuhiko , Kuwana Masataka 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis is one of the intractable conditions of systemic sclerosis for which new treatments are required. Vonoprazan is a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker and has been shown to have several advantages over conventional proton pump inhibitors, including a long duration of gastric acid suppression. Methods: To investigate the efficacy of vonoprazan for treating proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis in patients with systemic sclerosis, 10 patients with proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis who were switched to vonoprazan were selected from our systemic sclerosis database. Reflux esophagitis was evaluated by endoscopy, and gastroesophageal reflux disease–related symptoms were assessed by the frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire before and after switching from proton pump inhibitor to vonoprazan at an average interval of 3.5 [2–5.5] months. Results: After switching patients to vonoprazan, the endoscopic findings of reflux esophagitis were significantly improved ( p = .033), and six patients (60%) achieved mucosal healing. The total frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease score was also significantly decreased ( p = .043), mainly by improving the acid reflux score. Vonoprazan was well tolerated and was continued for 15.5 [11.25–23.75] months in all patients. Conclusion: Vonoprazan is a potential treatment option for treating proton pump inhibitor-refractory reflux esophagitis in systemic sclerosis patients.
Reflections on the measurement of implementation constructs
Authors: Wensing Michel 
Published: June 2021

To advance research and practice, it is crucial to build on validated measures. A wide range of measures for implementation research were identified in seven systematic reviews conducted under the auspices of the project, “Advancing Implementation Science through Measure Development and Evaluation,” but many had unclear or limited measurement qualities. In this commentary, I suggest the psychometric paradigm of measurement validation may have to be reconsidered because many determinants and outcomes of interest are defined at higher levels of aggregation than the individual. Nonetheless, the practice of using non-validated measures should be reduced, and measurement validation research should be encouraged. Adaptation of existing measures to different domains, settings, and languages further adds to the need for validation research. Coordination of the development and validation of measures is required to avoid unneeded replication in some domains and lack of measures in others, and to take care that validation research remains instrumental to the purposes of implementation research and practice. Plain language abstract: Many measures for implementation research have limited or unknown qualities. There is thus a need for better measures and targeted research is required to provide those. New studies should use measures of high-quality whenever possible.
Dual role of EZH2 in megakaryocyte differentiation
Authors: Mazzi Stefania , Dessen Philippe , Vieira Mathieu , Dufour Virginie , Cambot Marie , El Khoury Mira , Antony-Debré Iléana , Arkoun Brahim , Basso-Valentina Francesca , BenAbdoulahab Salwa , Edmond Valerie , Rameau Philippe , Petermann Rachel , Wittner Monika , Cassinat Bruno , Plo Isabelle , Debili Najet , Raslova Hana , Vainchenker William 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
EZH2, the enzymatic component of PRC2, has been identified as a key factor in hematopoiesis. EZH2 loss-of-function mutations have been found in myeloproliferative neoplasms, particularly in myelofibrosis, but the precise function of EZH2 in megakaryopoiesis is not fully delineated. Here, we show that EZH2 inhibition by small molecules and short hairpin RNA induces megakaryocyte (MK) commitment by accelerating lineage marker acquisition without change in proliferation. Later in differentiation, EZH2 inhibition blocks proliferation and polyploidization and decreases proplatelet formation. EZH2 inhibitors similarly reduce MK polyploidization and proplatelet formation in vitro and platelet levels in vivo in a JAK2V617F background. In transcriptome profiling, the defect in proplatelet formation was associated with an aberrant actin cytoskeleton regulation pathway, whereas polyploidization was associated with an inhibition of expression of genes involved in DNA replication and repair and an upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, particularly CDKN1A and CDKN2D. The knockdown of CDKN1A and to a lesser extent CDKN2D could partially rescue the percentage of polyploid MKs. Moreover, H3K27me3 and EZH2 chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that CDKN1A is a direct EZH2 target and CDKN2D expression is not directly regulated by EZH2, suggesting that EZH2 controls MK polyploidization directly through CDKN1A and indirectly through CDKN2D.
Single-cell analysis of ploidy and the transcriptome reveals functional and spatial divergency in murine megakaryopoiesis
Authors: Sun Shu , Jin Chen , Si Jia , Lei Ying , Chen Kunying , Cui Yueli , Liu Zhenbo , Liu Jiang , Zhao Meng , Zhang Xiaohui , Tang Fuchou , Rondina Matthew T. , Li Yueying , Wang Qian-fei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMegakaryocytes (MKs), the platelet progenitor cells, play important roles in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and immunity. However, it is not known whether these diverse programs are executed by a single population or by distinct subsets of cells. Here, we manually isolated primary CD41+ MKs from the bone marrow (BM) of mice and human donors based on ploidy (2N-32N) and performed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. We found that cellular heterogeneity existed within 3 distinct subpopulations that possess gene signatures related to platelet generation, HSC niche interaction, and inflammatory responses. In situ immunostaining of mouse BM demonstrated that platelet generation and the HSC niche–related MKs were in close physical proximity to blood vessels and HSCs, respectively. Proplatelets, which could give rise to platelets under blood shear forces, were predominantly formed on a platelet generation subset. Remarkably, the inflammatory responses subpopulation, consisting generally of low-ploidy LSP1+ and CD53+ MKs (≤8N), represented ∼5% of total MKs in the BM. These MKs could specifically respond to pathogenic infections in mice. Rapid expansion of this population was accompanied by strong upregulation of a preexisting PU.1- and IRF-8–associated monocytic-like transcriptional program involved in pathogen recognition and clearance as well as antigen presentation. Consistently, isolated primary CD53+ cells were capable of engulfing and digesting bacteria and stimulating T cells in vitro. Together, our findings uncover new molecular, spatial, and functional heterogeneity within MKs in vivo and demonstrate the existence of a specialized MK subpopulation that may act as a new type of immune cell.
A novel approach to perioperative risk assessment for patients with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Hassan Hussein J. , Housten Traci , Balasubramanian Aparna , Simpson Catherine E. , Damico Rachel L. , Mathai Stephen C. , Hassoun Paul M. , Steppan Jochen , Leary Peter J. , Kolb Todd M. 
Published: June 2021

RationalePulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with significant perioperative morbidity and mortality. We hypothesised that pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) composite risk assessment scores could estimate perioperative risk for PH patients when adjusted for inherent procedural risk.MethodsWe identified patients in the Johns Hopkins PH Center Registry that had noncardiac surgery (including endoscopies) between September 2015 and January 2020. We collected information on preoperative patient-level and procedural variables and used logistic regression to evaluate associations with a composite outcome of death within 30 days or serious postoperative complication. We generated composite patient-level risk assessment scores for each subject and used logistic regression to estimate the association with adverse surgical outcomes. We adjusted multivariable models for inherent procedural risk of major cardiovascular events and used these models to generate a numerical PH perioperative risk (PHPR) score.ResultsAmong 150 subjects, 19 (12.7%) reached the primary outcome, including 7 deaths (4.7%). Individual patient-level and procedural variables were associated with the primary outcome (all p<0.05). A composite patient-level risk assessment score built on three noninvasive parameters was strongly associated with reduced risk for poor outcomes (OR=0.4, p=0.03). This association was strengthened after adjusting the model for procedural risk. A PHPR score derived from the multivariable model stratified patients into low (0%), intermediate (≤10%), or high (>10%) risk of reaching the primary outcome.ConclusionComposite PAH risk assessment scores can predict perioperative risk for PH patients after accounting for inherent procedural risk. Validation of the PHPR score in a multicentre, prospective cohort is warranted.
RNA analysis based on a small number of manually isolated fixed cells (RNA-snMIFxC) to profile stem cells from human deciduous tooth-derived dental pulp cells
Authors: Inada Emi , Saitoh Issei , Kubota Naoko , Iwase Yoko , Kiyokawa Yuki , Noguchi Hirofumi , Yamasaki Youichi , Sato Masahiro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Expression of stemness factors, such as octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT3/4), sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in human deciduous tooth-derived dental pulp cells (HDDPCs) can be assessed through fixation and subsequent immuno- or cytochemical staining. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), a powerful system to collect cells of interest, is limited by the instrument cost and difficulty in handling. Magnetic-activated cell sorting is inexpensive compared to FACS, but is confined to cells with surface expression of the target molecule. In this study, a simple and inexpensive method was developed for the molecular analysis of immuno- or cytochemically stained cells with intracellular expression of a target molecule, through isolation of a few cells under a dissecting microscope using a mouthpiece-controlled micropipette.

Results
Two or more colored cells (~ 10), after staining with a chromogen such a 3,3′-diaminobenzidine, were successfully segregated from unstained cells. Expression of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, a housekeeping gene, was discernible in all samples, while the expression of stemness genes (such as OCT3/4, SOX2, and ALP) was confined to positively stained cells.

Conclusion
These findings indicate the fidelity of these approaches in profiling cells exhibiting cytoplasmic or nuclear localization of stemness-specific gene products at a small-scale.
COVID-19 and gastrointestinal symptoms in Mexico, a systematic review: does location matter?
Authors: Pizuorno Antonio , Fierro Nora A. , Copado-Villagrana Edgar D. , Herrera-Solís María E. , Oskrochi Gholamreza , Brim Hassan , Ashktorab Hassan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Covid-19 in Mexico is on the rise in different parts of the country. We aimed to study the symptoms and comorbidities that associate with this pandemic in 3 different regions of Mexico.

Methods
We analyzed data from SARS-CoV-2 positive patients evaluated at healthcare centers and hospitals of Mexico (n = 1607) including Northwest Mexico (Sinaloa state), Southeast Mexico (Veracruz state) and West Mexico (Jalisco state) between March 1 and July 30, 2020. Mexico consists of a total population that exceeds 128 million. Demographics, comorbidities and clinical symptoms were collected. Statistical descriptive analysis and correlation analyses of symptoms, comorbidities and mortality were performed.

Results
A total of 1607 hospitalized patients positive for COVID-19 across all 3 regions of Mexico were included. The average age was 54.6 years and 60.4% were male. A mortality rate of 33.1% was observed. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (43.2%), obesity (30.3%) and diabetes (31.4%). Hypertension was more frequent in West (45%), followed by Northwest (37%) and Southeast Mexico (29%). Obesity was around 30% in Northwest and West whereas an 18% was reported in Southeast. Diabetes was most common in West (34%) followed by Northwest (22%) and Southeast (13%). This might be related to the highest mortality rate in Northwest (31%) and West (37%) when compared to Southeast. Most common symptoms in our overall cohort were fever (80.8%), cough (79.8%), headache (66%), dyspnea (71.1%), myalgia (53.8%), joints pain (50.8%) and odynophagia (34.8%). Diarrhea was the main gastrointestinal (GI) symptom (21.3%), followed by abdominal pain (18%), and nausea/ vomiting (4.5%). Diarrhea and abdominal pain were more common in West (23.1 and 21%), followed by Southeast (17.8, and 9.8%) and Northwest (11.4 and 3.1%).

Conclusion
Our study showed a high mortality rate likely related to high frequencies of comorbidities (hypertension, obesity and diabetes). Mortality was different across regions. These discrepancies might be related to the differences in the frequencies of comorbidities, and partially attributed to differences in socio-economic conditions and quality of care. Thus, our findings stress the need for improved strategies to get better outcomes in our population.
Dapagliflozin: a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrotic remodeling by regulating TGFβ1/Smad signaling
Authors: Zhang Yuze , Lin Xiaoyan , Chu Yong , Chen Xiaoming , Du Heng , Zhang Hailin , Xu Changsheng , Xie Hong , Ruan Qinyun , Lin Jinxiu , Liu Jie , Zeng Jinzhang , Ma Ke , Chai Dajun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Cardiac remodeling is one of the major risk factors for heart failure. In patients with type 2 diabetes, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of the first hospitalization for heart failure, possibly through glucose-independent mechanisms in part, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to shed light on the efficacy of dapagliflozin in reducing cardiac remodeling and potential mechanisms.

Methods
Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, induced by chronic infusion of Angiotensin II (Ang II) at a dose of 520 ng/kg per minute for 4 weeks with ALZET® mini-osmotic pumps, were treated with either SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin (DAPA) or vehicle alone. Echocardiography was performed to determine cardiac structure and function. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were treated with Ang II (1 μM) with or without the indicated concentration (0.5, 1, 10 μM) of DAPA. The protein levels of collagen and TGF-β1/Smad signaling were measured along with body weight, and blood biochemical indexes.

Results
DAPA pretreatment resulted in the amelioration of left ventricular dysfunction in Ang II-infused SD rats without affecting blood glucose and blood pressure. Myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and increased collagen synthesis caused by Ang II infusion were significantly inhibited by DAPA pretreatment. In vitro, DAPA inhibit the Ang II-induced collagen production of CFs. Immunoblot with heart tissue homogenates from chronic Ang II-infused rats revealed that DAPA inhibited the activation of TGF-β1/Smads signaling.

Conclusion
DAPA ameliorates Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling in a non-glucose-lowering dependent manner.
Symbolic annihilation of Syrian refugees by Turkish news media during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yücel Alev 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
This article presents a discussion about the representation of Syrian refugees in Turkish news media during the COVID-19 pandemic. Media play a critical role during pandemics by affecting values, opinions, public knowledge about stigmatized groups. When media ignore and stereotypically represent a social group, the social value of the group decreases, and their problems are trivialized.

Method
I analyzed data provided by Media Monitoring Center which is an independent media company in Turkey. Sample was selected to reveal news representation of Syrian refugees between March 11, 2020 (the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Turkey) and August 20, 2020 (the time of this research). Mostly watched television evening (prime) news, the most widely circulated newspapers, and the most visited online news platforms were analyzed. By using content analysis method, the news stories about Syrian refugees were examined.

Results
It has been revealed that Turkish news media overwhelmingly acclaimed for Turkey’s polices on Syrian refugees and the criticized the European Union policies towards refugees in the news stories. Even though almost 4 million Syrian refugees live in Turkey, with the largest refugee population in the world, Turkish news media ignored the plight of Syrian refugees.

Conclusion
Results of the study demonstrate that Syrian refugees were symbolically annihilated by Turkish news media during the COVID-19 pandemic. The concealment of information and symbolic annihilation of disadvantaged groups could potentially cause health disparities and irreparable harm to public health. Moreover, inequities exacerbate when predicaments of stigmatized groups are ignored in the news media. Further studies are needed to reveal the impact of the media on health disparities among stigmatized groups during the pandemics.
Interstitial lung disease associated with adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer
Authors: Tezuka Kenji , Miura Kotaro , Nakano Yusuke , Ueda Takahiro , Yagyu Kyoko , Matsuyama Shimako , Shirai Masami , Okuda Hiroshi , Ujikawa Miho , Ota Takayo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is a rare adverse event in patients receiving adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer. Few studies have reported the frequency of ILD in detail, and only small numbers of cases have been described in the literature.Given these previous findings concerning ILD, we retrospectively examined the clinicopathological characteristics of five cases of ILD who had received epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (EC) and compared their findings with non-ILD cases.MethodsThe present single-center retrospective study included breast cancer patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy or NAC at our hospital between January 2014 and January 2021.ResultsThirty-nine patients who had received EC for operable breast cancer were enrolled in this study. ILD developed 5 out of 39 patients (12.8%). The incidence of ILD in patients with non-dose-dense (dd) or dd chemotherapy was statistically significantly different (p= 0.0149). ILD occurred in three patients during dd EC treatment and two during weekly paclitaxel (wPTX) after dd EC. ILD was detected in one patient with high Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) levels, in two patients with continuous pyrexia, and in two patients from computed tomography imaging, which was taken to estimate the efficacy of chemotherapy, in two patients. Three of the 5 ILD patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage, and 2 of these patients were diagnosed withPneumocystis jiroveciipneumonia (PCP). There were no cases of serious ILD that required steroid pulse therapy.ConclusionsDd chemotherapy may be associated with an increased ILD frequency, which may reflect developing PCP. Careful monitoring and a timely diagnosis are useful for detecting early-stage ILD.
H3.3 kinetics predicts chromatin compaction status of parental genomes in early embryos
Authors: Guo Shi-meng , Liu Xing-ping , Zhou Li-quan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAfter fertilization, the fusion of gametes results in the formation of totipotent zygote. During sperm-egg fusion, maternal factors participate in parental chromatin remodeling. H3.3 is a histone H3 variant that plays essential roles in mouse embryogenesis.MethodsHere, we used transgenic early embryos expressing H3.3-eGFP or H2B-mCherry to elucidate changes of histone mobility.ResultsWe used FRAP analysis to identify that maternally stored H3.3 has a more significant change than H2B during maternal-to-embryonic transition. We also found that H3.3 mobile fraction, which may be regulated byde novoH3.3 incorporation, reflects chromatin compaction of parental genomes in GV oocytes and early embryos.ConclusionsOur results show that H3.3 kinetics in GV oocytes and early embryos is highly correlated with chromatin compaction status of parental genomes, indicating critical roles of H3.3 in higher-order chromatin organization.