bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KINERJA KOMPOR BRIKET DITINJAU DARI VARIASI UDARA MASUK DAN JUMLAH LUBANG PADA RUANG BAKAR
Authors: Arrahma Defy Zuni , Aryani Tasya Nuria , Febriana Ida , Bow Yohandri , Suci Ningsih Aisyah 
Published: November 2021

Briket merupakan salah satu alternatif bahan bakar yang berasal dari batu bara, serbuk kayu gergaji, dan tandan kelapa sawit yang bisa dijadikan bahan bakar padat. Kompor briket adalah alat pemanfaatan yang dikhususkan untuk beberapa briket sebagai alat bakar skala rumah tangga. Kompor briket juga menjadi salah satu solusi terbaik dalam meningkatkan sistem pembakaran briket selama ini yang masih kurang diminati dan perlakuannya masih tradisional. Pada rancangan kompor biobriket digunakan penambahan fan untuk meingkatkan efisiensi dari alat itu sendiri. Kinerja dari kompor biobriket sangat dipengaruhi oleh aliran udara yang masuk sebagai penunjang proses pembakaran. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan desain kompor biobriket terbaik melalui uji eksperimental prototype kompor biobriket dengan memvariasikan kecepatan udara masuk yaitu tanpa fan (natural draft), 6 m/s, dan 8,3 m/s dan setiap variasi kecepatan tersebut memvariasikan jumlah lubang dari ruang bakar kompor biobriket itu sendiri yakni 71, 63, dan 55. Efisiensi kompor briket menggunakan briket arang tempurung kelapa berkisar 10,14% - 24,10% dimana yang terkecil berasal dari natural draft lubang 55 dan yang terbesar berasal dari kecepatan fan 8,3 m/s dengan lubang sebanyak 63. Untuk lubang 71 pada kecepatan fan 8,3 m/s memiliki nilai terbaik dengan start-up time selama 44 detik dan boiling time selama 300 detik. Untuk FCR terendah didapatkan pada natural draft dengan lubang 55 yaitu sebesar 1,312 kg/jam karena udara masuk memengaruhi jumlah bahan bakar yang terbakar.
Climate change and the risk to financial stability; Reality or overreaction?
Authors: Harrison Ian 
Published: November 2021

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand has identified climate change as a significant risk to the New Zealand financial system, and placed the Reserve Bank at the centre of New Zealand’s climate change response. As the physical effects of climate change are slow-moving and relatively predictable over relevant time horizons, we should expect the financial systems to adapt to this changing world, and readily accommodate the impacts of climate events such as a slowly rising sea levels and the occasional stronger storms. The issue we address in this report is whether climate change is such an exception to this benign adaptation picture, that central banks and supervisors need to respond to the ‘challenge’ with some urgency. Or is this just a case of the Reserve Bank wanting to be seen to be ‘relevant’ and getting into the action in what is one of the biggest issues of our time? We have reviewed a large number of documents and despite the best efforts of many supervisors, none have been able to come up with convincing evidence that climate change represents a threat, let alone a systemic threat. A recent full-scale stress test for France found that the transition costs to a zero carbon economy would at most be four or five basis points and that it did not matter whether the transition was early or late. The physical risks from climate change were so slight that they could not be analysed.Papers: - The National climate change risk assessment, A case of science denial? [tailrisk.co.nz June 2021](http://www.tailrisk.co.nz/documents/NCCRAriskassessment.pdf)
- Climate Change and the risk to Financial Stability [tailrisk.co.nz June 2021](http://www.tailrisk.co.nz/documents/ClimatechangeandFinancialStability.pdf)
Q-DEPICT: Qatar Determining Emergency Physician Incidence of COVID-Positive Testing
Authors: Kodumayil Shada A. , Kodumayil Ashid , Thomas Sarah A. , Pathan Sameer A. , Bhutta Zain A. , Qureshi Isma , Azad Aftab , Harris Tim R. , Thomas Stephen H. 
Published: November 2021

Despite protective measures such as personal protective equipment (PPE) and a COVID airway management program (CAMP), some emergency physicians will inevitably test positive for COVID. We aim to develop a model predicting weekly numbers of emergency physician COVID converters to aid operations planning.
The data were obtained from the electronic medical record (EMR) used throughout the national healthcare system. Hamad Medical Corporation's internal emergency medicine workforce data were used as a source of information on emergency physician COVID conversion and numbers of emergency physicians completing CAMP training. The study period included the spring and summer months of 2020 and started on March 7 and ran for 21 whole weeks through July 31. Data were extracted from the system's EMR database into a spreadsheet (Excel, Microsoft, Redmond, USA). The statistical software used for all analyses and plots was Stata (version 16.1 MP, StataCorp, College Station, USA). All data definitions were made a priori.
A total of 35 of 250 emergency physicians (14.0%, 95% CI 9.9%–19.9%) converted to a positive real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) during the study's 21-week period. Of these. only two were hospitalized for having respiratory-only disease, and none required respiratory support. Both were discharged within a week of admission. The weekly number of newly COVID-positive emergency physicians was zero and was seen in eight of 21 (38.1%) weeks. The peak weekly counts of six emergency physicians with new COVID-positive were seen in week 14. The mean weekly number of newly COVID-positive emergency physicians was 1.7 ± 1.9, and the median was 1 (IQR, 0 to 3).
This study demonstrates that in the State of Qatar's Emergency Department (ED) system, knowing only four parameters allows the reliable prediction of the number of emergency physicians likely to convert COVID PCR tests within the next week. The results also suggest that attention to the details of minimizing endotracheal intubation (ETI) risk can eliminate the expected finding of the association between ETI numbers and emergency physician COVID numbers.
Anatomical Findings of Renal and Urological Abnormalities in Cardiac Catheterization of Children with congenital heart diseases – A Single Center Experience
Authors: Khalilian Mohammad Reza , Mollatayefeh Abbas , Tahouri Tahmineh , Mahdavi Arash , Dalirani Reza 
Published: November 2021

Background and aims: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is described as an abnormality in the heart structure or intra-thoracic great vessels that leads to functional problems. Since most of these disorders require medical and surgical interventions identifying concomitant disorders such as renal and urinary tract abnormalities is of great importance in the management of these patients. The present study aimed to investigate the relative frequency of abnormal kidney and urinary tract findings in abdominal cineangiography during cardiac catheterization of patients with CHD in Shahid Modarres Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center.
Methods: The present study was performed prospectively on 545 patients aged < 18 years with CHD who underwent cardiac catheterization and concurrent abdominal cineangiography in Shahid Modarres Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Tehran, Iran during a three-year period. The required data were extracted using a researcher-made questionnaire from patients’ electronic medical files.
Results: Of a total of 545 patients in this study, 26 had both CHD and renal or urinary tract malformation. Patent ductus arteriosus was the most common CHD in patients with renal or urinary tract malformations (odds ratio: 1.2, 95%, CI: 2.25–11.63). In this study, the most common renal and urinary malformations among CHD patients was partial duplication of the kidney followed by Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction.Conclusion: Since the prevalence of renal and urinary tract malformations is higher in CHD patients, performance of concurrent abdominal cineangiography during cardiac catheterization may lead to early diagnosis and treatment as well as better pre- and post-operative management of patients.
Bacterial coinfections and secondary infections in COVID-19 patients from a tertiary care hospital of northern India: Time to adhere to culture-based practices
Authors: Sharma Bhawna , Sreenivasan Priya , Biswal Manisha , Mahajan Varun , Suri Vikas , Singh Sehgal Inderpaul , Ray Pallab , Dutt Puri Goverdhan , Bhalla Ashish , Narayana Yaddanapudi Lakshmi , Koushal Vipin , Angrup Archana 
Published: November 2021

Objective: Bacterial co-pathogens are common in various viral respiratory tract infections, leading to increased disease severity and mortality. Still, they are understudied during large outbreaks and pandemics. This study was conducted to highlight the overall burden of these infections in COVID-19 patients admitted to our tertiary care hospital, along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.
Material and methods: During the six-month study period, clinical samples (blood samples, respiratory samples, and sterile body fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) of COVID-19 patients with suspected bacterial coinfections (at presentation) or secondary infections (after 48 hours of hospitalization) were received and processed for the same.
Results: Clinical samples of 814 COVID-19 patients were received for bacterial culture and susceptibility. Out of the total patient sample, 75% had already received empirical antibiotics before the samples were sent for analysis. Overall, 17.9% of cultures were positive for bacterial infections. Out of the total patients with bacterial infection, 74% (108/146) of patients had secondary bacterial infections (after 48 hours of hospitalization) and 26% (38/146) had bacterial coinfections (at the time of admission). Out of the 143 total isolates obtained, the majority (86%) were gram-negative organisms, of which Acinetobacter species was the commonest organism (35.6%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.1%). The majority (50.7%) of the pathogenic organisms reported were multidrug resistant.
Conclusion: The overall rate of secondary bacterial infections (SBIs) in our study was lower (7.9%) than reported by other studies. A rational approach would be to adhere to the practice of initiating culture-based guidance for antibiotics and to restrict unnecessary empirical antimicrobial therapy.
Pre-monsoon maximum temperatures over New Delhi, Mumbai & Chennai and possible solar influence
Authors: CHAKRABORTY P. K. , SRIVASTAVA K. 
Published: November 2021

Lkkj & o"kZ 1951 ls 2001 rd dh 51 o"kksZa dh vof/k ds fy, ubZ fnYyh] eqEcbZ vkSj psUuS esa ekulwu iwoZ vf/kdre rkieku esa lkekU; fofHkUurkvksa ds lkSj {kksHk [lw;Z ds /kCcksa ¼,l- ,l-½ dh la[;k ds okf"kZd vkSlr ds laca/k esa vkdyu] ds lkFk laHkkfor laca/k dk lkaf[;dh; :Ik ls fo’ys"k.k fd;k x;k gSA rkieku ds Ja`[kykc) vk¡dM+ksa ds vk/kkj ij dsoy psUuS ds fy, rkieku esa o`f) dh izo`fRr dks NksM+dj vU; lHkh dsanzksa ij yxHkx 3 o"kksZa ds vUrjky ij bldh iqujko`fr dk irk pyk gS A lkSj voLFkkvksa ¼o`f) nj fun’kZ dk mi;ksx djds½ dh fofHkUurkvksa ds fo’ys"k.k ls lw;Z dh U;wure vkSj vf/kdre voLFkkvksa ds nkSjku 73 izfr’kr ekeyksa esa rkieku esa o`f) dh izo`fRr dk irk pyk gS A xr o"kZ ds ekulwu iwoZ rkieku vkSj lw;Z ds /kCcksa dh la[;k ds okf"kZd vkSlr ds chp lglaca/k ds xq.kkad :Ik ls ldkjkRed gksus dk irk pyk gS tc lw;Z ds /kCcksa dh la[;k dk okf"kZd vkSlr yxHkx 140 ds pje eku ls vf/kd gks tkrk gS vkSj ;g ¼$0-647½ ubZ fnYyh ds laca/k esa egRoiw.kZ gS A ;g ifj.kke iwohZ Hkkjr ds dsanzksa ds fy, fd, x, blh rjg ds v/;;uksa ds vuq:Ik gS A
The general variations of pre-monsoon maximum temperature over New Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai for the 51 years period from 1951 to 2001 and its possible association with solar activity [estimated in terms of annual mean sunspot (SS) numbers] have been analysed statistically. The temperature series indicate an approximate periodicity of 3 years for all the stations with an increasing trend for Chennai only. Analysis of the variations with respect to solar phases (using a growth rate model) indicates an increasing trend of temperature in 73% cases during solar minimum to maximum phases. The correlation coefficient between pre-monsoon temperature and annual mean SS nos. of the preceding year indicate a positive association when the latter exceeds some critical value approximately 140 and it (+0.647) is significant for New Delhi. The present result is consistent with similar studies for stations over eastern India.
Wave drag by two-dimensional mountain lee waves
Authors: KUMAR NARESH , AHMAD NASEEM , BHOWMIK S. K. ROY , HATWAR H. R. 
Published: November 2021

lkj & Å¡pkbZ ds lkFk ok;q ds jsf[kdh; :Ik ls c<+us vkSj fLFkjrk dks vifjorZuh; ekurs gq, f}foeh; ioZrh; vojks/k esa fLFkj Lrfjr ok;q&izokg okys jsf[kdh; nzoLFkSfrd fun’kZ dk bl 'kks/k&i= esa mi;ksx fd;k x;k gSA vle&cekZ dh igkfM+;ksa ds vkSj Hkkjr ds if’peh ?kkV ds ioZrh; ok;qjks/k vkSj ioZrh; vfHkokgksa ds fo’ys"k.kkRed vk¡dM+s izkIr fd, x, gSaA vle&cekZ dh igkfM+;ksa ds nksuksa fjtksa ds ioZrh; ok;qjks/k ds lkekU; vk¡dM+s Hkh izkIr fd, x, gaSA
A linear hydrostatic model of a stably stratified air-stream flow over a two-dimensional orographic barrier is considered assuming wind increases linearly with height and stability is constant. Analytical expressions for mountain drags and momentum fluxes are obtained for Assam-Burma hills as well as Western Ghats of India. The general expression for mountain drag also obtained for both the ridges of Assam-Burma hills.
Spectral characteristics of Atlantic seasonal storm frequency
Authors: KANE R. P. 
Published: November 2021

lkj & o"kZ 1900&2000 dh vof/k esa vVykafVd egklkxj dh rwQkuh xfrfof/k ¼ftUgas rwQku] izpaM rwQku] vkfn uke fn, x, gaS½ ds fofHkUu lwpdkadksa ds dky Jsf.k;ksa dk vuqØe fo’ys"k.k ,e-b-,e-¼vf/kdre ,uVªkWih fof/k½ }kjk rFkk mldh vkofrZrk ds vk;ke ,e- vkj- ,- ¼cgqq lekJ;.k fo’ys"k.k½ }kjk izkIr fd, x, gaSA fiNys dqN o"kksZa ds vkadM+ksa ¼o"kZ 1950 ls vkxss½ ds vuqlkj budh egRoiw.kZ vkofrZrk,¡ n’kd lfgr( f}okf"kZd dYi] f=okf"kZd dYi {ks=ksa rFkk buls mPp {ks=ksa esa Hkh jghA 2-40 o"kkasZ esa 50 feyhckj ds fuEu v{kka’k {ks=h; iou vkSj 2-40 ,oa 2-85 o"kkasZ ds b- ,u- ,l- vks- ¼,y uhuks/nf{k.kh nksyu½ ?kVuk ds ln`’k f}o"khZ dYi nksyu {ks= esa ¼3&4 o"kkasZ½ rwQku lwpdkad 2-40 rFkk 2-85 o"kksZa ds djhc pje ij jgsA mPp vkofrZrk okys {ks=ksa esa rwQku lwpdkad 4-5&5-5-] 8&9] 11&12 rFkk 14&15 o"kkasZ esa pje ij jgs tcfd b- ,u- ,l- vks- 7-4 ,oa 12&14 o"kksZa esa pje ij jgsA cgq n’kdh; Js.kh esa 28&34]40]50&53]61&63]~70 ,oa ~80 o"kksZa esa ¼ijUrq fHkUu lwpdkadksa ds fy, fHkUu&fHkUu½ rwQku pje ij jgs tks LFky ,oa leqnzh lrg ds rkiekuksa ds leku pje ekuksa ds vuq:Ik jgsA dqy lwpdkadksa esa 90 o"kkZsa esa yxHkx 50 izfr’kr dh m/oZ izo`fr jghA
The time series of the various indices of Atlantic storm activity (number of named storms, hurricanes, etc.) for 1900-2000 were subjected to spectral analysis by MEM (Maximum Entropy Method) and amplitudes of the periodicities were obtained by MRA (Multiple Regression Analysis). For recent data (1950 onwards), significant periodicities were in the quasi-biennial, quasi-triennial regions and also in higher regions, including decadal. In the QBO region (2-3 years), storm indices had peaks near 2.40 and 2.85 years, similar to 2.40 years of 50 hPa low latitude zonal wind and 2.40 and 2.85 years of ENSO (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) phenomenon. In the QTO region (3-4 years), storm indices and ENSO had common peaks near 3.5 years. In higher periodicity regions, storm indices had peaks at 4.5-5.5, 8-9, 11-12 and 14-15 years, while ENSO had peaks at 7.4 and 12-14 years. In the multi-decadal range, storm peaks were at 28-34, 40, 50-53, 61-63, ~70 and ~80 years (but different for different indices), which matched with similar peaks in land and sea surface temperatures. Some indices had large uptrends, ~50% in 90 years.
Weather based forewarning of leaf folder attack on kharif rice and operational crop protection at Pattambi, Kerala
Authors: SAMUI R. P. , CHATTOPADHYAY N. , SABALE J. P. , GOPINATHAN P. B. , HAM ABRA , JAYPRAKESH P. 
Published: November 2021

Kharif and Rabi rice grown extensively over Kerala is mainly infested by gall midge, leaf folder and green jassid in kharif season. Under favourable weather conditions leaf folder become the dreaded pest and cause considerable damage to the crop. The study revealed that maximum and minimum temperature, morning and afternoon relative humidity and weekly total of rainfall have profound effect on the development of leaf folder at their successive generations on kharif rice crop. Weather based multiple regression models for the peak infestation period for each of the generations of the pest were developed using data for the period 1987-99 and validated using observed meteorological as well as pest data for 2000-2001. Based on the findings of this study pest weather calendar for leaf folder of kharif rice was prepared. This calendar would be useful for early warning and operational rice crop protection from leaf folder attack.
Inventarisasi Musuh Alami Tanaman Padi dengan Sistem Pertanaman Refugia
Authors: Sulfiani  , Aminah Sitti , Septiani Tri , Nurcaya  
Published: November 2021

Tanaman pangan menjadi sumber makanan pokok untuk masyarakat Indonesia khususnya Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan jumlah populasi predator pada jenis refugia pada tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Enrekeng, Kecamatan Ganra Kabupaten Soppeng. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei yang akan dilakukan pada lahan budidaya tanaman padi yang ditanami dengan refugia tanaman kenikir. Tanaman refugia dapat mempengaruhi jumlah populasi predator dan parasitoid pada tanaman padi. Jumlah populasi tertinggi pada refugia warna orange (71), refugia kuning (43) dan tanpa refugia (46).
Evaluation des frais de fonctionnement de l’activité médicale (étude dans le cadre du plan de réforme du financement hospitalier belge adopté en 2015), l’exemple de la neurochirurgie.
Authors: PIRSON MAGALI , Bardiaux Sarah , Martins Dimitri , Van den Bulcke Julie , Leclercq Pol 
Published: November 2021

L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les frais de fonctionnement des actes médicaux réalisés dans le cadre des clusters à basse et moyenne variabilité, en vue de préparer l’éventuelle phase de scission des honoraires dans le cadre de la forfaitarisation du financement hospitalier belge. Une sélection de 355 actes médicaux, correspondant aux actes médicaux représentant 80% des coûts des actes prestés pour les séjours regroupés dans les APR-DRGs à faible ou moyenne variabilité a été réalisée. Par frais de fonctionnement des actes, on entend le coût du personnel soignant ou technique directement impliqué dans la réalisation de l’acte, le coût des consommables médicaux non facturés, le coût des équipements et du petit matériel nécessaire à la réalisation de l'acte. L’étude a été réalisée dans un échantillon de 14 hôpitaux belges. Pour réaliser cette étude, il a été nécessaire de combiner différentes méthodologies, afin de s’adapter à la disponibilité ou non des données dans les hôpitaux. Les résultats des 14 actes de neurochirurgie sont donnés à titre d’illustration. Cette étude a été utile puisqu'elle a permis d'analyser concrètement les difficultés méthodologiques qu'il faudra résoudre si l'on veut, un jour, scinder des honoraires combinant pratique professionnelle et frais de fonctionnement. Cette étape est cependant conditionnée par une réforme structurelle de la nomenclature des actes médicaux.
The Impact of EFL Teachers’ Pedagogical Beliefs and Practices: Communicative Language Teaching in A Saudi University Context
Authors: Alghamdi Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to explore the pedagogical beliefs of Saudi instructors of English as a foreign language (EFL), and the extent to which they apply the values of the communicative language teaching (CLT) approach in their classroom practice. The study was conducted with 42 Saudi EFL teachers and employed a mixed methods approach. A descriptive analysis of classroom observation data was conducted. The results showed that teachers hold positive views of CLT, but that there are some discrepancies between their beliefs and their implementations of the approach. For example, most of the instructors continued to apply traditional teaching methods (i.e., grammar translation and the audio-lingual approach). The study concludes that it is essential in the Saudi EFL context for teachers to cultivate relations between their beliefs and practices to assure better language learning outcomes. The key contribution of this study lies in disclosing the reasons for the discrepancies between Saudi EFL teachers&rsquo; beliefs and practices to help them develop congruence, and in highlighting the pedagogical implementations.
&nbsp;
Femicide: een kritische reflectie op het gebruik van de term
Authors: Liem M.C.A. (Marieke) 
Published: November 2021

Femicide: een kritische reflectie op het gebruik van de term
In toenemende mate worden dergelijke zaken geduid als femicide, breed gedefinieerd als het doden van vrouwen om hun gender. Deze term werd in de eerste instantie in gebruik genomen door organisaties en activisten die zich inzetten voor vrouwenrechten, om aandacht te vragen voor geweld tegen vrouwen. In toenemende mate wordt echter ook in beleid en wetgeving deze term gehanteerd. De vraag is in hoeverre di teen bruikbare term is voor de aanpak van de problematiek die eraan ten grondslag is.
Sextortion
Authors: Schreurs L.E.M. (Laurie) , Dijkstra R.I. (Rachel) , Bosma A.K. (Alice) 
Published: November 2021

Sextortion. Over de modernisering van de zedentitel, de gevolgen voor de praktijk en de impact op het slachtoffer
Met het oog op de voorgenomen modernisering van de zedentitel rijzen de vragen of het aangebrachte onderscheid in wettelijke bescherming tussen seksuele en financiële sextortion houdbaar is en in hoeverre strafbaarstelling binnen verschillende titels van het Wetboek van Strafrecht wenselijk is. Aan de hand van een vergelijking tussen de karakteristieken van deze sextortion-varianten en de bestaande kennis over het daaraan gelieerde slachtofferschap beogen wij een eerste bijdrage te leveren aan deze discussie.
Communicerende vaten? De ontwikkeling van lokale partijen ten opzichte van landelijke partijen (1917-2018)
Authors: van Biezen Ingrid , Waling Geerten 
Published: November 2021

Communicating vessels? The development of local parties compared to national parties (1917-2018)
The history of local parties in the Netherlands is quite a mystery. Since their first appearance at the dawn of the twentieth century, local parties were founded sooner or later in all municipalities. They seemed to have served as an addition to local representatives of national parties. Despite the variety in their ideologies, shapes and modi operandi, they could be qualified and studied as ‘niche parties’, offering an alternative to the viewpoints and divisions of the traditional (national) party politics. With this article, the authors aim to contribute to a better understanding of Dutch local parties, whose origins and development have largely remained a black box due to the scarcity of sources and studies. They do so by adopting a partly quantitative, partly qualitative or narrative approach, while looking at the election results of local parties in the past century, including salient regional differences, and by comparing these to the success of national parties in local elections. Within the boundaries of their research, their hypothesis seems to hold true that the popularity of local parties, as ‘niche parties’, depended largely on the strategies of national parties, which justifies the assumption that these two types of parties have acted as communicating vessels.