bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Natural Compound Inhibitors of Checkpoint Kinase-1(CHK1) Based on Computational Study
Authors: Li Hui , Xi jianxin , Wang Zhenhua , Lu Han , Du Zhishan , Wu Bo , Zhong Sheng , Peng Yida , Mou Yonggao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As a malignant tumor of the ovary, the general treatment principle of ovarian cancer is surgical treatment, supplemented by chemotherapy, and some patients can use targeted drugs. Its treatment effect is relatively poor, so the prognosis is poor, the mortality rate is high. To contribute to drug design and refinement, ideal lead compounds with potential inhibitory effects on ATP-competitive CHK1 (Checkpoint kinase-1) inhibitors were downloaded from the drug library (ZINC15 database) and screened afterwards. The ATP-competitive CHK1 inhibitors were identified by using computer-aided virtual screening technology. We first calculated the LibDock score through the docking of proteins and molecules, and then analyzed the pharmacological and toxicological properties. Then, we performed precise docking of the small molecules selected in the above steps with CHK1 protein to analyze their docking mechanism and affinity. Next, we used molecular dynamics simulation to make a assessment if the ligand-CHK1 complex were stable in natural environment. As the result shown, ZINC000008214547 and ZINC000072103632 were proved to bind with CHK1 with a higher binding affinity and stability. Additionally, their toxicological analysis shows that they are less toxic and will not inhibit the activity of cytochrome P-450 2D6. In the simulation of molecular dynamics, we also found that ZINC000008214547-CHK1 and ZINC000072103632-CHK1 complexes’ potential energy were more favorable compared with reference ligand, Prexasertib. Not only that, the two complexes also showed better stability in the natural environment. So, all results elucidated that ZINC000008214547 and ZINC000072103632 were favorable lead inhibitors of CHK1 protein. ZINC000008214547 and ZINC000072103632 were safe and had the potential to inhibit CHK1 protein. They may contribute a solid foundation for the development of CHK1 target drug.
Optimization of Hybrid Amplifier Parameters for Improved Optical Link Performance
Authors: Verma Ragini , Janyani Vijay , Nanda Satyasai Jagannath 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this manuscript, the gain of the EDFA-Raman hybrid optical amplifier (HOA) is maximized using a popular nature inspired Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The dominating parameters of HOA, length of Raman amplifier and EDFA and its pump powers are optimized to get the maximum possible gain. Further, the performance of WOA is compared by using other metaheuristic techniques such as Real coded Genetic Algorithm, Differential Evolution, Particle Swarm Optimization, to optimize the same model of HOA. WOA proves to be a better optimization technique as it is able to find maximum gain, have a better convergence curve and box plot performance as compared to the other three techniques. Moreover, the gain flatness and noise figure performance of HOA is compared with EDFA and Raman amplifier.
Deploying a Smart Queuing System on Edge with Intel OpenVINO Toolkit
Authors: Dagli Rishit , Eken Süleyman 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent increases in computational power and the development of specialized architecture led to the possibility to perform machine learning, especially inference, on the edge. OpenVINO is a toolkit based on Convolutional Neural Networks that facilitates fast-track development of computer vision algorithms and deep learning neural networks into vision applications, and enables their easy heterogeneous execution across hardware platforms. A smart queue management can be the key to the success of any sector.} In this paper, we focus on edge deployments to make the Smart Queuing System (SQS) accessible by all also providing ability to run it on cheap devices. This gives it the ability to run the queuing system deep learning algorithms on pre-existing computers which a retail store, public transportation facility or a factory may already possess thus considerably reducing the cost of deployment of such a system. SQS demonstrates how to create a video AI solution on the edge. We validate our results by testing it on multiple edge devices namely CPU, Integrated Edge Graphic Processing Unit (iGPU), Vision Processing Unit (VPU) and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Experimental results show that deploying a SQS on edge is very promising.
The Prognostic Value of Plasma Complement Factor B (CFB) In Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Pu , Sun Wei , Zhang Hao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Stromal and immune cells are major components of tumor microenvironment (TME) and affect the growth and development of thyroid carcinoma (THCA). However, data on the exact mechanisms that define the relationship between the TME and THCA remains scant.Results: Here, we calculated stromal and immune cells scores and the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) by CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE based on the THCA gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). In addition, we evaluated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from high- and low-score groups and then preformed Gene Ontology (GO) as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Besides, we carried out protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and COX regression on the DEGs. Our data showed a significant correlation between plasma complement factor B (CFB) and PTC development and prognosis. In addition, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that the CFB was mainly enriched in immune response pathways. Further dissection showed that the expression of CFB was positively correlated with T cells CD8, Macrophages M1, Plasma cells, T cells CD4 memory activated, T cells follicular helper and T cells regulatory (Tregs), whereas negatively correlated with Eosinophils, Macrophages M0, Macrophages M2, Mast cells resting, T cells CD4 memory resting in the TME. Finally, the expression level of CFB was verified by other cohorts form Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Conclusions: Taken together, our data demonstrated that the CFB could be a prognostic marker for THCA and its expression influences the infiltration of immune cells.
Effects of Various Types of Modified Nanoclay on The Physical, Mechanical, and Viscoelastic Characteristics of Lignocellulosic Filler-Reinforced PVC Composites
Authors: Ghalehno Mohammad Dahmardeh , Kord Behzad , Adlnasab Laleh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Evaluation of Mechanical and Tribological properties of Biowaste and Biowaste Based Silica Particulate Epoxy Composites
Authors: Pranay V. , Ojha S. , G Raghavendra , Dheeraj G. , Anjali A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper reports the mechanical-erosion wear properties of extracted silica from Biowaste (rice husk) and pure rice husk-filled epoxy composites. A comparison is made on the influence of dispersed silica and rice husk particles on the properties of the epoxy composites. The composites are fabricated by hand lay-up process. The specimens are tested as per the ASTM standards for three different filler loadings of each silica and rice husk separately (2,4 and 6wt%). It is perceived that with the increase in the rice husk filler loading in epoxy, there is a decline in tensile, flexural, and erosion wear properties. It is also evident that, with the increase in silica content until 6%, the tensile and flexural strength have displayed consistent enhancement. Alongside, erosion results confirm that the properties of the pure epoxy had exhibited transition from semi-brittle to ductile nature due to the addition of silica fillers.
Interaction of H3K27me3 and Glutaminase 1 Expression on Breast Cancer Prognosis by Menopausal Status: a Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Meng , Chen Qianxin , Yang Yuanzhong , Liang Zhuozhi , Li Yuelin , Huang Ziyi , Weng Zijin , Zhang Xiaofang , Guan Jiexia , Tang Luying , Ren Ze-Fang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Glutaminase 1 (GLS) is a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer; although GLS inhibitors have been developed, only a few subjects responded well to the therapy. Considering that the expression of trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and menopausal status have been closely linked to the role of GLS, we tried to examine the modification effects of H3K27me3 and menopausal status on GLS to breast cancer prognosis, which would be helpful to identify the more suitable patients to the GLS inhibitors.Methods: Data for 963 women diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer between 2008 and 2015 were analyzed. H3K27me3 and GLS expression in tumors were evaluated with tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using univariable and multivariable Cox regression models. The interaction was assessed on multiplicative scale by stratification analysis.Results: After a median follow-up of 70.6 months (interquartile range: 45.6-103.9), we confirmed the association between H3K27me3 and both outcomes (HR =0.57, 95% CI: 0.37-0.86 for OS; HR =0.66, 95% CI: 0.48-0.91 for PFS) and found that the prognostic roles of GLS were not statistically significant in the overall patients. There was a beneficial prognostic effect of GLS expression on OS for those with low H3K27me3 level (HR =0.50, 95% CI: 0.20-1.28) but an adverse prognostic effect for those with high H3K27me3 level (HR =3.90, 95% CI: 1.29-11.78) among premenopausal women, and the interaction was significant (Pinteraction =0.003). Similar pattern was further observed for PFS (HR =0.44, 95% CI: 0.20-0.95 for low H3K27me3 level, HR =1.35, 95% CI: 0.74-2.48 for high H3K27me3 level, Pinteraction =0.024). The interaction didn’t occur among postmenopausal women.Conclusions: This study revealed the modification effects of H3K27me3 and menopausal status on GLS to breast cancer prognosis, which would help optimize the medication strategies related to GLS inhibitors.
Reduced Intensity Conditioning Before Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Complete Remission and Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Song Yanzhi , Yin Zhichao , Ding Jie , Wu Tong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundReduced intensity conditioning (RIC) before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was reported had the same overall survival (OS) as myeloablative conditioning (MAC) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in complete remission (CR) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) but results in different studies are contradictory. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis according to the PRISMA 2009 guidelines to confirm the efficacy and safety of RIC vs. MAC for AML in CR and for MDS.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane central, related websites, major conference proceedings were searched, and related journals were hand-searched from Jan 1, 1980 to July 1, 2020 for studies comparing RIC with MAC before the first allo-HSCT in patients with AML in CR or MDS. Only RCTs were included. OS was the primary endpoint and generic inverse variance method was used to combine hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI.ResultsWe retrieved 7770 records. Six RCTs with 1413 participants (711 in RIC, 702 in MAC) were included. RIC had the same OS (HR = 0·95, 95% CI 0·64–1·4, P = 0·80) and cumulative incidence of relapse as MAC (HR = 1·18, 95% CI 0·88–1·59, P = 0·28). RIC reduced non-relapse mortality more than total body irradiation/busulfan based MAC (HR = 0·53, 95% CI 0·36–0·80, P = 0·002).ConclusionRIC also had similar long-term OS and graft failure as MAC. RIC is also a good choice for patients with AML in CR or MDS.
Analysis of immune cell components and immune-related gene expression profiles in peripheral blood of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lin Jian , Lu Yuanhua , Wang Bizhou , Jiao Ping , Ma Jie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by severe loss of pancreatic β cells. Immune cells are key mediators of β cell destruction. This study attempted to investigate the role of immune cells and immune-related genes in the occurrence and development of T1DM. Methods The raw gene expression profile of the samples from 12 T1DM patients and 10 normal controls was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by Limma package in R. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) - support vector machines (SVM) were used to screen the hub genes. CIBERSORT algorithm was used to identify the different immune cells in distribution between T1DM and normal samples. Correlation of the hub genes and immune cells was analyzed by Spearman, and gene-GO-BP and gene-pathway interaction networks were constructed by Cytoscape plug-in ClueGO. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess diagnostic value of genes in T1DM. Results The 50 immune-related DEGs were obtained between the T1DM and normal samples. Then, the 50 immune-related DEGs were further screened to obtain the 5 hub genes. CIBERSORT analysis revealed that the distribution of plasma cells, resting mast cells, resting NK cells and neutrophils had significant difference between T1DM and normal samples. Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 (NCR3) was significantly related to the activated NK cells, M0 macrophages, monocytes, resting NK cells, and resting memory CD4+ T cells. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was significantly associated with naive B cell and naive CD4+ T cell. NCR3 [Area under curve (AUC) = 0.918] possessed a higher accuracy than TNF (AUC = 0.763) in diagnosis of T1DM. Conclusions The immune-related genes (NCR3 and TNF) and immune cells (NK cells) may play a vital regulatory role in the occurrence and development of T1DM, which possibly provide new ideas and potential targets for the immunotherapy of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Expression of TRIP13, ZEB1, and E-cad in Infiltrating Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder and Their Clinical Significance
Authors: Dai Changyuan , Zhang Yue , Zhou Lei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose: Thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 13 (TRIP13) which plays a carcinogenic role in tumors belongs to AAA+ ATPase superfamily. Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and epithelial cadherin (E-cad), the key biomarkers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which aberrant expression may promote tumor invasion and metastasis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of TRIP13, ZEB1, and E-cad in infiltrating urothelial carcinoma of bladder (IUCB) and their clinicopathological significance.Methods: The expression of TRIP13, ZEB1, and E-cad in 150 cases of IUCB samples were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological, demography, and follow-up data were also collected.Results: Positive rates of expression of TRIP13 and ZEB1 were significantly higher in IUCB samples when compared with the control bladder samples. And positive rate of expression of E-cad was significantly lower in IUCB than its expression rate in the control group. The positive expression of TRIP13 and ZEB1 were positively associated with tumor stages, local lymph node metastasis (LNM), and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages. And E-cad expression was negatively associated with tumor stages, LNM, and TNM stages. The results of Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the patients with TRIP13 and ZEB1 positive expression had an unfavorable overall survival (OS) time when compared with patients with TRIP13 and ZEB1 negative expression. And patients with E-cad positive expression had a favorable OS time when compared with patients with E-cad negative expression. The COX regression analysis indicated that TRIP13, ZEB1, and E-cad, tumor stages, as well as TNM stages were independently factors for OS time in IUCB patients with postoperative therapy.Conclusions: TRIP13, ZEB1, and E-cad may be considered as potentially promising biomarkers for IUCB patients’ prognosis.
Identifying Psychological Intervention Points for Alexithymia Based on the Process of Emotional Expression
Authors: Yasuda Toshiko , Matsuoka Hiromichi , Sakamoto Ryo , Koyama Atsuko 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Alexithymia is a central concept in the field of psychosomatic disease. Patients afflicted with alexithymia have difficulties identifying feelings preventing them from responding well to psychotherapy. This study aims to evaluate in detail which steps of emotional expression (Steps 1–5) proposed by Kennedy-Moore et al. (Kennedy-Moore E and Watson JC. Expressing emotion. In: Salovey P, editor. Expressing Emotion. New York: Guilford; c1999. p. 8-18) are disrupted in alexithymia to enable the administration of effective treatment to such patients and identify appropriate methods of intervention for each step. Methods: To investigate the relationship between the Japanese version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (J-DERS) total score and subscales and the 20-item version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) subscales, multiple linear regression was performed using the former as dependent variables. The psychological examination records of eligible patients were retrospectively investigated. To evaluate the effect of alexithymia on each step of the process of emotional expression, the scores on the total and subscale J-DERS of the group that scored high on TAS-20 were compared with those of the group that scored low on TAS-20. Results: Of the 188 total subjects, 106 (56%) were included in the analysis. The median total J-DERS score was significantly different (p < 0.01) between the high-scoring group (defined as 52 points or higher) and the low-scoring group on the TAS-20, with a median score of 42.0 (interquartile range (IQR) 52.8 [upper limit]–31.0 [lower limit]) and 29.5 (IQR 37.3–23.0), respectively. Similarly, a significant difference was seen with each subscale (p < 0.01). Thus, disruption of the process of emotional expression in alexithymic patients is not only observed in Step 3 but also in Steps 4 and 5. Of the three TAS-20 subscales, only difficulty in identifying feelings correlated with the J-DERS total score and subscales (p < 0.01).Conclusions: The results indicate that, when dealing with alexithymic patients individually in a clinical setting, therapeutic intervention should be adapted to Steps 3, 4, and 5 as appropriate for the patient, and that assessing each step using J-DERS may be more clinically useful.
Robust Unified Granger Causality Analysis: A Normalized Maximum Likelihood Form
Authors: Hu Zhenghui , Li Fei , Cheng Minjia , Shui Junhui , Tang Yituo , Lin Qiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Unified Granger causality analysis (uGCA) alters conventional two-stage Granger causality analysis into a unified code-length guided framework. We have presented several forms of uGCA methods to investigate causal connectivities, and different forms of uGCA have their own characteristics, which capable of approaching the ground truth networks well in their suitable contexts. In this paper, we considered comparing these several forms of uGCA in detail, then recommend a relatively more robust uGCA method among them, uGCA-NML, to reply to more general scenarios. Then, we clarified the distinguished advantages of uGCA-NML in a synthetic 6-node network. Moreover, uGCA-NML presented its good robustness in mental arithmetic experiments, which identified a stable similarity among causal networks under visual/auditory stimulus. Whereas, due to its commendable stability and accuracy, uGCA-NML will be a prior choice in this unified causal investigation paradigm.
Effect of Asymptomatic Transmission and Emergence Time on Multi-strain Viral Disease Severity
Authors: Alizad-Rahvar Amir Reza , Sadeghi Mehdi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: In a viral epidemic, the emergence of a novel strain with increased transmissibility (larger value of basic reproduction number R 0) sparks the fear that the increase in transmissibility is likely to lead to an increase in disease severity. It is required to investigate if a new, more contagious strain will be necessarily dominant in the population and resulting in more disease severity. Methods: The impact of the asymptomatic transmission and the emergence time of a more transmissible variant of a multi-strain viral disease on the disease prevalence, disease severity, and the dominant variant in an epidemic was investigated by a proposed 2-strain epidemic model. Results: The simulation results showed that considering only R0 , is insufficient to predict the outcome of a new, more contagious strain in the population. A more transmissible strain with a high fraction of asymptomatic cases can substantially reduce the mortality rate. If the emergence time of the new strain is closer to the start of the epidemic, the new, more contagious variant has more chance to win the viral competition and be the dominant strain; otherwise, despite being more contagious, it cannot dominate previous strains. Conclusions: Three factors of R0 , the fraction of asymptomatic transmission, and the emergence time of the new strain are required to correctly determine the prevalence, disease severity, and the winner of the viral competition.
Synthesis and Investigation of Structural, Microstructural and Optical Properties of Iron-doped Sno2 Nanoparticles : Application in Photocatalysis
Authors: Roguai Sabrina , Djelloul Abdelkader 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Iron-doped tin dioxide nanoparticles Sn1-xFexO2 (0% ≤ x ≤ 10% ), were prepared by coprecipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicate that Sn1-xFexO2 nanoparticles (NPs) crystallize in the tetragonal rutile-like structure. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observations did not show more modification of the SnO2 morphology with Fe addition. All the results are consistent with the fact that Fe is strongly soluble in SnO2 host. The optical band gap energy decreased from 3.65 to 3.30 eV with increasing the iron doping concentration in the solution. Finally, the photocatalytic efficiency of Fe0.05Sn0.95O2 nanoparticles (NPs) was examined for the degradation of MB in aqueous solution under UV irradiation. It was found that smaller bandgap of Fe doped SnO2 photocatalyst resulted in a prominent increase in photocatalytic activity of nanoparticles against Methylene Blue (MB) under UV irradiaion.
Assessing the Learning Style of Medical Students in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences by using VARK Approach
Authors: Shams Lida , Yazdani Shahram , Nasiri Taha , Sadeghifar Jamil , Shahbazi Sara 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background Extensive factors affect students' learning such as their learning style, the identification of which is considered as important in solving the problems and shortcomings of educational system in the current situation. The present study aimed to determine the learning style of first-year medical students in the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2018.Methods In the present descriptive and analytical study, 111 first-year medical students at the university were included through census method. The data were collected by using VARK learning style standard questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS16 software based on the questionnaire guide.Results Most students had a multi-modal learning style (52%) although no significant difference was observed between preferring single- and multi-model styles. Among the multi-modal learning styles, bi-modal style was more applied by subjects (21.62%). In addition, aural and visual learning styles were determined as the most (20, 37.74%) and least (8, 15.09%) frequent styles preferred by students, respectively.Conclusion Due to the preference of most students to use multimodal styles, medical instructors should highlight the diversity of learners' learning styles and select appropriate methods for students' learning.