bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variation in Chemical Composition of Size-Segregated Aerosols Over the Northeastern Arabian Sea
Authors: Kaushik Ankush , Kumar Ashwini , Aswini M. A , Panda P. P. , Shukla Garima , Gupta N. C. 
Published: February 2021

Water-soluble species constitute a significant fraction (up to 60–70%) of the total aerosol loading in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). The “indirect” effects, that is, climate forcing due to modification of cloud properties depend on the water-soluble composition of aerosols. Thus, the characterization of aerosols over the MABL is of greater relevance. Here, we present 1-year long aerosol chemical composition data of PM10 and PM2.5 at a costal location in the northeastern Arabian Sea (Goa; 15.45°N, 73.20°E, 56 m above the sea level). Average water-soluble ionic concentration (sum of anion and cation) is highest (25.5 ± 6.9 and 19.6 ± 5.8 μg·m−3 for PM10 and PM2.5, respectively) during winter season and lowest during post-monsoon (17.3 ± 9.1 and 14.4 ± 8.1 μg·m−3 for PM10 and PM2.5, respectively). Among water-soluble ionic spices, SO42- ion was found to be dominant species in anions and NH4+ is dominant in cations, for both PM10 and PM2.5 during all the seasons. These observations clearly hint to the contribution from anthropogenic emission and significant secondary inorganic species formation. Sea-salt (calculated based on Na+ and Cl−) concentration shows significant temporal variability with highest contribution during summer seasons in both fractions. Sea-salt corrected Ca2+, an indicator of mineral dust is found mostly during summer months, particularly in PM10 samples, indicates contribution from mineral dust emissions from arid/semiarid regions located in the north/northwestern India and southwest Asia. These observations are corroborated with back-trajectory analyses, wherein air parcels were found to derive from the desert area in summer and Indo-Gangetic Plains (a hot spot for anthropogenic emissions) during winter. In addition, we also observe the presence of nss-K+ (sea-salt corrected), for PM2.5, particularly during winter months, indicating influence of biomass burning emissions. The impact on aerosol chemistry is further assessed based on chloride depletion. Chloride depletion is observed very significant during post-monsoon months (October and November), wherein more than 80 up to 100% depletion is found, mediated by excess sulfates highlighting the role of secondary species in atmospheric chemistry. Regional scale characterization of atmospheric aerosols is important for their better parameterization in chemical transport model and estimation of radiative forcing.
From Neurosurgical Planning to Histopathological Brain Tumor Characterization: Potentialities of Arcuate Fasciculus Along-Tract Diffusion Tensor Imaging Tractography Measures
Authors: Zoli Matteo , Talozzi Lia , Martinoni Matteo , Manners David N. , Badaloni Filippo , Testa Claudia , Asioli Sofia , Mitolo Micaela , Bartiromo Fiorina , Rochat Magali Jane , Fabbri Viscardo Paolo , Sturiale Carmelo , Conti Alfredo , Lodi Raffaele , Mazzatenta Diego , Tonon Caterina 
Published: February 2021

Background: Tractography has been widely adopted to improve brain gliomas' surgical planning and guide their resection. This study aimed to evaluate state-of-the-art of arcuate fasciculus (AF) tractography for surgical planning and explore the role of along-tract analyses in vivo for characterizing tumor histopathology.Methods: High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) images were acquired for nine patients with tumors located in or near language areas (age: 41 ± 14 years, mean ± standard deviation; five males) and 32 healthy volunteers (age: 39 ± 16 years; 16 males). Phonemic fluency task fMRI was acquired preoperatively for patients. AF tractography was performed using constrained spherical deconvolution diffusivity modeling and probabilistic fiber tracking. Along-tract analyses were performed, dividing the AF into 15 segments along the length of the tract defined using the Laplacian operator. For each AF segment, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures were compared with those obtained in healthy controls (HCs). The hemispheric laterality index (LI) was calculated from language task fMRI activations in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobe parcellations. Tumors were grouped into low/high grade (LG/HG).Results: Four tumors were LG gliomas (one dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor and three glioma grade II) and five HG gliomas (two grade III and three grade IV). For LG tumors, gross total removal was achieved in all but one case, for HG in two patients. Tractography identified the AF trajectory in all cases. Four along-tract DTI measures potentially discriminated LG and HG tumor patients (false discovery rate &lt; 0.1): the number of abnormal MD and RD segments, median AD, and MD measures. Both a higher number of abnormal AF segments and a higher AD and MD measures were associated with HG tumor patients. Moreover, correlations (unadjusted p &lt; 0.05) were found between the parietal lobe LI and the DTI measures, which discriminated between LG and HG tumor patients. In particular, a more rightward parietal lobe activation (LI &lt; 0) correlated with a higher number of abnormal MD segments (R = −0.732) and RD segments (R = −0.724).Conclusions: AF tractography allows to detect the course of the tract, favoring the safer-as-possible tumor resection. Our preliminary study shows that along-tract DTI metrics can provide useful information for differentiating LG and HG tumors during pre-surgical tumor characterization.
The Advantages of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging in Detecting and Treating Pediatric Hepatoblastoma: A Preliminary Experience
Authors: Cho Yu Jeong , Namgoong Jung-Man , Kwon Hyun Hee , Kwon Yong Jae , Kim Dae Yeon , Kim Seong Chul 
Published: February 2021

Background: Currently, indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging enables radical surgical resection in hepatoblastoma (HB) and has beneficial uses; however, its usage in pediatric patients is still limited.Methods: From 2015 to 2019, 17 hepatoblastoma patients underwent 22 fluorescence-guided surgery using ICG. ICG (0.3 mg/kg) was intravenously injected 24–48 h before the operation. With ICG/NIR camera, intraoperative identification of biological structures and demarcation of mass were conducted.Results: ICG fluorescence-guided surgery was performed for hepatoblastoma in 22 cases: 16, 1, and 2 cases underwent anatomic resection, partial hepatectomy, and liver transplantation, respectively. Six patients accompanied lung metastasis at the time of surgery, and two patients underwent lung surgery using ICG. The median interval from ICG injection to surgery was 38.3 h (range, 20.5–50.3 h). The median tumor size was 36.5 mm (range, 2–132 mm). According to the pathologic finding, the median safety margin was secured for 6 mm (range, 0–11 mm) and there was no residual finding at the liver at the follow-up computed tomography (CT).Conclusions: ICG fluorescence imaging in children with HB was feasible and safe for tumor demarcation and enhancing the accuracy of radical tumor resection.
Gender-Dependent Associations of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms With Eating Disorder Psychopathology in a Representative Population Sample
Authors: Ernst Mareike , Werner Antonia M. , Tibubos Ana N. , Beutel Manfred E. , de Zwaan Martina , Brähler Elmar 
Published: February 2021

Background:Evidence shows that anxiety and depressive disorders play an important role in eating disorder behavior. However, given the epidemiology of eating disorders, there is a need to investigate potentially gender-specific connections.Method:This study tested the associations of anxiety and depression symptoms with eating disorder symptoms and behaviors and explored whether they differed between men and women. Within a population-representative survey (N= 2,510; ages 14–94), participants completed measures of depression symptoms (PHQ-2), anxiety symptoms (GAD-2), and eating disorder symptoms (EDE-Q8). We conducted linear regression analyses of the EDE-Q8 sum score and General Linear Models on the three behaviors overeating, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors (self-induced vomiting/use of laxatives/excessive exercising).Results:Depression and anxiety symptoms were related to more eating disorder symptoms in men and women (irrespective of BMI, age, and income). The association of depression and eating disorder symptoms was slightly stronger in women. Overeating was more common in men and in depressed individuals, whereas compensatory behaviors were more common among anxious individuals, especially anxious women.Conclusion:The study extends previous research by using gender-specific methods in a representative sample. It indicates similarities and differences between men and women regarding disordered eating on a population level.
AKI in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 and Seasonal Influenza: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Bhasin Bhavna , Veitla Vineet , Dawson Aprill Z. , Garacci Zhuping , Sturgill Daniel , Ozieh Mukoso N. , Regner Kevin R. 
Published: February 2021

Key Points

The rate of AKI is similar in COV-AKI and FLU-AKI, although risk of stage 3 AKI is higher in COV-AKI and is associated with a poorer prognosis.Black race and mechanical ventilation are associated with a higher risk of COV-AKI. CKD is a major risk factor for AKI in both groups.COV-AKI is associated with a 2.3-fold higher odds of proteinuria 2+ or more in comparison with FLU-AKI.

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is often compared with seasonal influenza and the two diseases have similarities, including the risk of systemic manifestations such as AKI. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 and influenza.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 (n=325) or seasonal influenza (n=433). AKI was defined by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Baseline characteristics and hospitalization data were collected, and multivariable analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors for AKI.

Results
AKI occurred in 33% of COVID-19 hospitalizations (COV-AKI) and 33% of influenza hospitalizations (FLU-AKI). After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidity count, the risk of stage 3 AKI was significantly higher in COV-AKI (OR, 3.46; 95% CI, 1.63 to 7.37). Pre-existing CKD was associated with a six- to seven-fold increased likelihood for FLU-AKI and COV-AKI. Mechanical ventilation was associated with a higher likelihood of developing AKI in the COVID-19 cohort (OR, 5.85; 95% CI, 2.30 to 15.63). Black race, after adjustment for comorbidities, was an independent risk for COV-AKI.

Conclusions
Pre-existing CKD was a major risk factor for AKI in both cohorts. Black race (independent of comorbidities) and mechanical ventilation were associated with a higher risk of developing COV-AKI, which is characterized by a higher burden of stage 3 AKI and overall poorer prognosis.
Targeting Patient and Health System Barriers To Improve Rates of Hemodialysis Initiation with an Arteriovenous Access
Authors: Flythe Jennifer E. , Narendra Julia H. , Yule Christina , Manivannan Surya , Murphy Shannon , Lee Shoou-Yih D. , Strigo Tara S. , Peskoe Sarah , Pendergast Jane F. , Boulware L. Ebony , Green Jamie A. 
Published: February 2021

Key Points

• Targeting barriers to arteriovenous access through education, needs assessment, peer support, care navigation, and electronic supports was acceptable.• The program yielded improvements in patient self-efficacy and knowledge, and trends toward improvements in patient and provider confidence.

Background
Guidelines recommend pre-emptive creation of arteriovenous (AV) access. However, <20% of US patients initiate hemodialysis (HD) with a functional AV access. We implemented a quality improvement (QI) program to improve pre-HD vascular access care.

Methods
After conducting qualitative research with key informants, we implemented a 7-month vascular access support QI program at Geisinger Health. The program targeted patient and health system barriers to AV access through education, needs assessment, peer support, care navigation, and electronic supports. We performed pre-, intra-, and postprogram stakeholder interviews to identify program barriers and facilitators and to assess acceptability. In a research substudy, we compared pre- and postprogram self-efficacy, knowledge, and confidence navigating vascular access care.

Results
There were 37 patient and 32 clinician/personnel participants. Of the 37 patients, 34 (92%) completed vascular access–specific education, 33 (89%) underwent needs assessment, eight (22%) engaged with peer mentors, 21 (57%) had vein mapping, 18 (49%) had an initial surgical appointment, 15 (40%) underwent AV access surgery, and six (16%) started HD during the 7-month program. Qualitative findings demonstrated program acceptability to participants and suggested that education provision and emotional barrier identification were important to engaging patients in vascular access care. Research findings showed pre- to postprogram improvements in patient self-efficacy (28.1–30.8, P=0.05) and knowledge (4.9–6.9, P=0.004), and trends toward improvements in confidence among patients (8.0–8.7, P=0.2) and providers (7.5–7.8, P=0.1).

Conclusions
Our intervention targeting patient and health system barriers improved patient vascular access knowledge and self-efficacy.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Breaking Down Care Process and Patient-level Barriers to Arteriovenous Access Creation Prior to Hemodialysis Initiation, NCT04032613
GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN YANG EFEKTIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESELAMATAN PASIEN
Authors: Mulyatiningsih Sri , Sasyari Usman 
Published: February 2021

Abstrak
Keselamatan pasien merupakan hak pasien, pasien berhak memperoleh keamanan dan keselamatan dirinya selama dalam perawatan di rumah sakit dan pelayanan kesehatan harus mendahulukan keselamatan nyawa pasien. Keselamatan pasien menjadi prioritas untuk layanan kesehatan di seluruh dunia. Insiden keselamatan pasien menimbulkan dampak buruk dan kerugian berupa kematian, gangguan fungsi tubuh/ kecacatan, kerugian finansial dan menurunkan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan rumah sakit. Salah satu faktor untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien adalah kepemimpinan. Kepemimpinan dengan gaya kepemimpinan yang effektif dapat meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberikan gambaran gaya kepemimpinan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Design penelitian ini yaitu study literatur tentang gaya kepemimpinan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Hasil peneltian menunjukan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien adalah gaya kepemimpinan transformasional. Kesimpulan Gaya kepemimpinan transformasional berkontribusi positif untuk iklim keselamatan.
Formation of an effective policy for the repayment of accounts receivable at the enterprise
Authors: Zdrenyk Vasyl 
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Trade enterprises in modern conditions have significantly increased the volume of their activities. However, the uncertainty of the external environment and the presence of a number of different problems in the economy as a whole create obstacles to the timely fulfillment of obligations. This necessitates the formation of an effective policy for the repayment of accounts receivable at the enterprise.Objective. The objective of the article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations and develop practical recommendations for the formation of an effective policy for the repayment of receivables at trade enterprises.Methods. To establish the stages of the formation of the policy of repayment of receivables and its constituent elements, analytical empiricism was used with an orientation to the existing initial conditions and foreign experience. The study used the method of assessment and generalization to develop and substantiate proposals aimed at solving the problem of recognizing receivables as uncollectible, as well as to substantiate the approach to the classification of reserves and the calculation of reserves for doubtful debts.Results. A conceptual approach to the formation of an effective policy for the repayment of accounts receivable from trade enterprises has been formed. The study substantiates that the effective development of a trading enterprise is possible due to the combination of such important components of its activities as a good information base of management and an effective policy for repayment of receivables. The result of the study is also the substantiation of the stages of formation of the policy of repayment of receivables, the development of proposals for its assessment and the formation of reserves for doubtful debts.Discussion. A promising area of further research is the development of methods of analysis of receivables by actual indicators, the study of opportunities to improve communication and the formation of information support for trade and technological processes based on the use of modern information systems.
Learning by Design
Authors: Blanton Morgan Vassey , Pacifici Linda C. 
Published: February 2021

This article reports on an application of a SoTL research process for two teacher education instructors in an undergraduate teacher education course, Teaching and Learning in the Digital Age. After engaging in content analysis of student work samples derived from a Digital Sabbath assignment, the instructors asked more questions about how well the assignment aligned to course objectives and intended learning outcomes. Collaboratively, they determined how the Digital Sabbath assignment could be revised to better meet the stated course objective. The authors anticipate that assignment revisions could result in improved student learning outcomes for the teacher education students. Insights from the student responses and course materials are discussed as well as implications for teaching and learning in a teacher education program.
Epidemiological analysis of medical and social losses by the class of the genitourinary system in Kazakhstan
Authors:   Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Zagitova K. R. , Turuzhanova S. K. ,   Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Komarova O. S. ,   Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Zhankorazov M. N. ,   Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Bacheva I. V. ,   Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kapinos E. V. ,   Regional Clinical Hospital of Karaganda, Rybalkina D. Kh. ,   Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda
Published: February 2021

Relevance. Around the world, there is an increase in the number of patients with chronic kidney disease, which some authors regard as a pandemic. The Aim of the work is an epidemiological assessment of medical losses by the class of the genitourinary system in the regions of Kazakhstan. Materials and methods. The YLL indicator was calculated according to a standardized methodology. The study period was 10 years (2008-2017). Medical and social losses were calculated as the share of losses of gross regional product from premature mortality of the working-age population due to diseases of the genitourinary system. Results and Conclusions. The incidence by the class of the genitourinary system in Kazakhstan has zoning by region and a tendency to chronicity, especially in the central part of the Republic of Kazakhstan. There is an increase in mortality due to disease. In the group of men for the study period, the average age of the deceased was 65.2 years, for women – 68 years. The maximum cumulative losses over 10 years in absolute terms were found in the working-age population of 45-59 years. Medical and social losses from diseases of the genitourinary system in relation to the gross domestic product averaged 0.16%. Direct losses increased by 4.6 times over the study period.
Correlation assessment of the development of chronic venous diseases depending on the risk factors of women during pregnancy
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Shevlyukova  T. P. , Chabanova N. B. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Ermakova P. A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Ermakova A. A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen
Published: February 2021

Aim. Conduct a correlation analysis of the dependence of risk factors in the etiopathogenesis of chronic venous diseases. Materials and methods. On the basis of the GBUZ TO “Maternity Hospital № 2” of the city of Tyumen, an analysis of the patients’ data was carried out in the form of a clinical examination and questionnaires. The average age of the examined patients is 26 years. The survey involved 468 women in the period 2017-2019. Results. Among the surveyed patients, 52,4% had CVD. Pregnant women with CVD have subjective symptoms and objective symptoms. Dilated veins exist for less than 5 years in 86,5% of pregnant women, and in 13,5% – for more than 5 years. Varicose veins, with a predominant localization on the left lower limb, were found in 7,5%, on the right – in 11,1%, and on both legs – 81,5%. Conclusion. The use of a statistical indicator made it possible to calculate the dependence of the appearance of a disease in the presence of a certain risk factor – in this case, the correlation is direct, the relationship is close (0,94); as well as to evaluate the prognosis for pregnant women prospectively and create complexes of measures to prevent venous diseases, taking into account the individual characteristics of patients.