bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depositional and structural controls on a fault‐related dolostone formation (Maestrat Basin, E Spain)
Authors: Humphrey Elliot , Gomez‐Rivas Enrique , Martín‐Martín Juan Diego , Neilson Joyce , Salas Ramon , Guimerà Joan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFault‐related dolomitisation is responsible for the development of numerous hydrocarbon reservoirs hosted in diagenetically‐altered carbonates and is therefore critical to hydrocarbon exploration, subsurface storage (i.e. CO2), the formation of associated mineralisation (i.e. MVT‐deposits) and for understanding the key controls on subsurface fluid flow. Multiple dolomitised outcrop analogues have been characterised in recent years, but uncertainty still remains as to the controls on dolomitisation in terms of dolostone geobody size and geometries, their distribution and how they impact reservoir quality. Late Tithonian shallow‐marine carbonates at Serra Esparreguera in the Maestrat Basin (E. Spain) were partially dolomitised on the seismic scale, resulting in a spectrum of geobodies with varying degrees of spatial connectivity. Dolostone predominantly replaces Polpís Fm wackestones and packstones, and bioclastic grainstones of the Bovalar Fm. Dolostone geobodies transition through vertical stratigraphy from being massive and spatially extensive to localised stratabound bodies as textural heterogeneity increases. Irregular dolostone geometries occur in the Polpís Fm, which is texturally homogenous relative to the overlying Bovalar Fm, cross‐cutting bedding in areas with high abundance of faults. Faults occur adjacent to dolostone and constrain its lateral extent across the outcrop. Dolomitisation fronts are typically sharp with morphologies affected by small‐scale faults and bedding‐parallel stylolites. Dolomitisation occurred under burial conditions and dolostones were later overprinted by phases of calcite and saddle dolomite cementation. The spatial distribution of dolostone is strongly influenced by the depositional heterogeneity and faults, while smaller structures (i.e. metre‐scale fractures and stylolites) and bedding surfaces controlled the dolomitisation front geometry. Dolostone geobodies at Serra Esparreguera provide new insights into the structural, depositional and diagenetic controls on dolomitisation at a seismic scale, which can be used as a predictive guide to improve the understanding of carbonate reservoirs with complex paragenetic histories.
Supradetachment basins in necking domains of rifted margins: Insights from the Norwegian Sea
Authors: Muñoz‐Barrera Jhon M. , Rotevatn Atle , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Henstra Gijs , Kristensen Thomas B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSupradetachment basins at passive rifted margins are a key witness of major‐continental extension, and they may preserve a record from which the amount and rates of extension and metamorphic core complex exhumation may be reconstructed. These basins have mainly been recognised in back‐arc and orogenic collapse settings, with few examples from rifted margins. Using 2D and 3D seismic reflection, wellbore, and gravity anomaly data, we here characterise the three‐dimensional structural and tectonosedimentary evolution of a spoon‐shaped supradetachment basin that was formed in the necking domain of a rifted margin, at the southern limit of the Møre and Vøring segments of the Norwegian rifted margin. The basin, with an areal extent of ca. 2400 km2, and a landward‐rotated syn‐tectonic succession up to ca. 30 km thick (true stratigraphic thickness), is separated from footwall continental margin core complex basement culminations by major large‐offset (>30 km) normal fault complexes characterised by a cross‐sectional geometry whereby an upper, steeper part of the fault gives way to a low‐angle detachment fault at depth. These fault complexes are associated with a tectonic thinning of the continental crust to ca. 11 km, compared with a crustal thickness of ca. 27 km in the proximal domain. The basin is filled by a succession of pre‐, syn‐ and post‐tectonic deposits, that accumulated over time as the basin evolved over a series of rift‐ and detachment faulting events. The 30 km thick syn‐tectonic succession reflects deposition during two separate rifting events, which are disconnected by deposits reflecting a relative short period of tectonic quiescence. The results are discussed in light of examples of supradetachment basins on other rifted margins globally, as well as in the context of the evolution of the Norwegian margin overall.
Iguratimod reduces panel reactive antibody in high mismatched renal transplant recipients: One single‐center experience
Authors: Feng Dengyuan , Huang Zhengkai , Chen Hao , Tao Jun , Gao Xiang , Liu Jiawen , Sun Li , Wang Zijie , Han Zhijian , Ju Xiaobing , Tan Ruoyun , Gu Min 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of iguratimod (IGU) for reducing panel reactive antibody (PRA) in high‐mismatched renal transplant recipients.MethodsEligible recipients positive for PRAs who received or did not receive IGU treatment were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed, collected, and analyzed statistically the clinical data of the recipients.ResultsA total of 80 recipients were included for further analysis. After IGU was administered for 9 months, no significant difference was found in the change rates of donor specific antibodies between two groups. Meanwhile, the reduction in the PRAs in the IGU group was greater than that in the non‐IGU group in anti‐human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II, anti‐HLA class I, anti‐HLA class II, anti‐HLA A, and anti‐HLA DR antibodies. However, no differences were found in the anti‐HLA B, anti‐HLA Cw, anti‐HLA DP, and anti‐HLA DQ antibodies between the two groups. No serious adverse events were reported, and the incidence of adverse events was comparable between the two groups.ConclusionPRA levels in high‐mismatched renal transplant recipients were significantly reduced after the administration of IGU. The high safety of IGU was also determined.
Sectarian relations from below: The case study of the Druze in Lebanon
Authors: Wahab Hadi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhat factors are relevant for explaining why and how sectarian relations are driven from below? To answer this question, the present article builds on the sectarianism literature and scholarship by taking the Druze minority as a case study. It examines a new trend that emerged among the Druze in 2020–21: sect‐centric anthems. One can draw on two occurrences that triggered the rise of such anthems: First, the sect‐coded 11 May clashes which occurred between Hezbollah (Shi‘a) and the Druze in 2008. Second, the sect‐coded civil war in Syria and the confrontations that ensued, namely, the attacks against Druze areas by Sunni jihadist groups. For our purposes, this article argues that sectarian mobilization through these anthems has been driven from below and the fear from the sectarian “other” has amplified because of recent menaces against the Druze. Accordingly, the article contextualizes these sect‐centric songs which focused on the interplay between two main factors: Druze historiography and tacit polemic against the sectarian “other.”
Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics associated with the development of infective endocarditis in patients with significant mitral stenosis
Authors: Ngiam Jinghao Nicholas , Chew Nicholas WS , Sim Meng Ying , Liong Tze Sian , Li Tony Yi‐Wei , Leow Ryan , Sia Ching‐Hui , Loh Poay Huan , Wong Raymond CC , Yeo Tiong‐Cheng , Poh Kian Keong , Kong William KF 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground: Infective endocarditis (IE) confers significant mortality and morbidity in patients with underlying mitral stenosis (MS), with both diseased native valves and after valvular procedures.Purpose: We examined the clinical and echocardiographic parameters in association with the development of IE on patients with significant MS.Methods: A total of 478 consecutive patients with index echocardiographic diagnosis of significant mitral stenosis (mitral valve area <1.5 cm2) were included. Patients were grouped into those with or without IE on at least 5 years of follow‐up. Baseline clinical, echocardiographic profile and clinical outcomes were compared.Results: IE was observed in 4.4% (n = 21) of the cohort. These patients were younger (45.3 ± 14.6 vs. 53.2 ± 15.5 years, p = 0.022) at the time of MS diagnosis. NT‐proBNP was higher in patients who developed IE (13529 ± 12230 vs. 4381 ± 5875 pg/ml, p < 0.001), with larger left atrial diameter (54.4 ± 10.1 vs. 49.9 ± 9.5 mm, p = 0.040) and elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP, 62.3 ± 17.2 vs. 47.2 ± 16.5 mmHg, p = 0.026). There was no significant difference in terms of MS severity, other concomitant valvulopathies, or etiology (rheumatic or degenerative) of MS. Patients who smoked had higher incidence of IE (33.3% vs. 14.2%, log‐rank 7.27, p = 0.007). After adjusting for age, valve procedure and PASP, patients who smoked remained at elevated risk of IE (adjusted hazards ratio 2.99, 95% confidence interval 1.18–7.56, p = 0.021).Conclusion: IE occurs in a proportion of patients with MS. Smoking, younger age of diagnosis of MS as well as dilated left atria with elevated PASP may be associated with an elevated risk of this complication.
Small intestinal intussusception in horses: Multicentre retrospective report on 26 cases (2009‐2020)
Authors: Haddad R. , Corraretti G. , Simon O. , Mair T. , Sutton A. G. , Kelmer G. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryBackgroundIntussusception is an infrequent cause of equine colic, most commonly encountered in young horses. This condition occurs due to abnormalities of motility and frequently includes the caecum.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to review the cases of equine small intestinal (SI) intussusception excluding those with caecal involvement.Study designCase series, analytical retrospective study.MethodsMedical records of all horses that had SI intussusception, not involving the caecum, from three equine clinics between 2009 and 2020 were reviewed. Information obtained included: clinical parameters, surgical or necropsy findings, complications and outcome. The Mann‐WhitneyUtest was used to compare the outcome and complications with various parameters. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare short‐term survival with categorical variables. Significance was set atp ≤ 0.05.ResultsTwenty‐six horses met the inclusion criteria. Median age of horses was 9 months (interquartile range 2.8 months–6.5 years). Relevant history included diarrhoea and general anaesthesia. Twenty‐two out of 26 horses were diagnosed during surgery and 4 at necropsy. During surgery, 5 horses were subjected to euthanasia, 9 underwent manual reduction and 8 underwent resection and anastomosis. The postoperative complication rate was high at 47% and included ileus, diarrhoea and colic. The prognosis decreased when the involved segment was longer (p = 0.032), lactate levels were higher (p = 0.024) and reflux was present before admission (p = 0.024). Of all horses, 53% survived to discharge and 92% of these survived for >1 year post‐operatively (one case was lost to follow‐up).Main limitationThe retrospective nature of the study and the low number of cases included.ConclusionsSmall intestinal intussusception was diagnosed in horses of a variety of breeds and ages. Alterations of motility can predispose to intussusception, not only due to hypermotility (diarrhoea), but also due to hypomotility (anaesthesia). Prognosis for hospital discharge was fair; however, following hospital discharge, the long‐term survival rate is high and complications are rare.
Rejuvenation and restoration measures foster specialised and threatened carabid beetle species in montane heathland ecosystems
Authors: Fartmann Thomas , Drung Marco , Freienstein Max 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Montane heathlands are among the most threatened semi‐natural ecosystems across Central Europe. Nevertheless, empirical studies on the effects of rejuvenation and restoration of montane heathlands have been scarce thus far.
The aim of our study was to analyse the long‐term effects of heathland rejuvenation and restoration on carabid beetle assemblages. Our study took place in the Rothaar Mountains, one of the most important strongholds of montane heathlands in Central Europe. We considered four different successional stages: (i) early‐successional heathlands as a result of rejuvenation measures (EARLY), (ii) restored heathlands (RESTORED), (iii) late‐successional heathlands (LATE) and (iv) windthrows (WIND).
Our study revealed that the composition of carabid beetle assemblages differed across the gradient. From the earlier to the later stages, beetle biomass, richness of macropterous, threatened and heathland species decreased, whereas moisture and shading indicator values increased. The number of indicator species peaked in EARLY and RESTORED. Solely brachypterous species had the highest species richness in the later seral stages.
Overall, rejuvenation and restoration measures fostered specialised and threatened carabid beetle species of montane heathlands. In contrast, carabid beetle assemblages of the two later and dense successional stages consisted mainly of non‐threatened habitat generalists. Vegetation structure and the interrelated microclimate are assumed to be the key drivers of assemblage composition.
For the long‐term conservation of montane heathlands and their specialised carabid beetle assemblages, we recommend rejuvenation by sod cutting and choppering in a mosaic‐like manner and at intervals that clearly exceed more than two decades.
Heart rate‐corrected QT interval: A novel diagnostic biomarker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Jiang Ai‐jun , Gu Heng , Feng Zhan‐rong , Ding Ying , Xu Xiao‐hua , Yin Guo‐ping , Zhang Wen‐li , Shen Zi‐yang , Li Qian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo explore the relationship between heart rate‐corrected QT (QTc) interval and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and whether QTc interval has diagnostic utility for DPN beyond nerve conduction velocity.Materials and MethodsA total of 965 patients with diabetes, including 473 patients with DPN and 492 patients without DPN, underwent standard 12‐lead electrocardiography and detailed assessments of peripheral neuropathy.ResultsPatients with DPN had longer QTc intervals than those without. Among participants, from the first to fourth quartile of QTc interval, the proportion of patients with DPN appreciably increased and the nerve conduction velocity obviously decreased (P for trend <0.001). The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that prolonged QTc interval was closely associated with increased risk of DPN (univariable odds ratio 1.112, 95% confidence interval 1.097–1.127, P < 0.001; multivariable odds ratio 1.118, 95% confidence interval 1.099–1.137, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis for the diagnosis of DPN showed a greater area under the curve for QTc interval of 0.894 than the median nerve motor conduction velocity of 0.691, median nerve sensory conduction velocity of 0.664 and peroneal nerve motor conduction velocity of 0.692. The optimal cut‐off point of QTc interval for DPN was 428.5 ms with sensitivity of 0.715 and specificity of 0.920 (P < 0.001). The combination of QTc interval and nerve conduction testing increased the area under the curve for the diagnosis of DPN (from 0.736 to 0.916; P < 0.001).ConclusionsQTc interval with 428.5 ms has more reliable diagnostic utility for DPN than nerve conduction velocity, and prolonged QTc interval is closely associated with an increased risk of DPN.
Processes and outcomes of an emotion‐focused family therapy two‐chair intervention for transforming problematic parenting patterns
Authors: Sabey Allen K. , Stillar Amanda , Lafrance Adele 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEmotion‐focused family therapy (EFFT) is a therapy model which includes a two‐chair intervention aimed at facilitating awareness and an interruption of problematic patterns of parenting as well as a reconnection to healthy caregiving instincts. The present study employed a task analysis to examine the process of this intervention with parents in a therapeutic setting and report on preliminary outcomes. Four trained EFFT therapists conducted chair work interventions with four parents (total of 16) and parents completed questionnaires directly following the intervention. Results indicated that most parents experienced significant emotional resolution of their love‐based fears and an increase in confidence in supporting their children struggling with mental health issues. Use of the intervention in clinical settings is an effective and efficient way to support parents in responding to their children's mental health challenges.
VitaminB6levels do not correlate with severity of neuropathy in chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy
Authors: Stewart Sarah L. , Thomas Simone , Höke Erol , Simpson David , Singleton J. Robinson , Höke Ahmet 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPyridoxine (vitamin B6) toxicity is known to cause a length‐dependent, sensory predominant axonal polyneuropathy. There is debate regarding the threshold at which intake levels can cause neurological symptoms through pyridoxine toxicity. We asked if elevated plasma vitamin B6 levels were related to outcome measures in a well‐characterized cohort of patients with chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy (CIAP). We included 261 patients enrolled in the Peripheral Neuropathy Research Registry who had a complete dataset including a plasma vitamin B6 value. Patients with vitamin B6 deficiency (0‐4.9 μg/L) were excluded. We performed a chi‐square test for independence and analyzed the logistic relation of elevated plasma B6 level to nerve conduction studies (NCS), neurological examination findings, and patient‐reported symptoms controlling for age and time elapsed since neuropathy symptom onset. Plasma B6 level was not related to neuropathy severity. There was no logistic relation of elevated plasma B6 level to NCS results, examination features including toe strength, vibration sense, and deep tendon reflexes, or patient‐reported numbness or pain intensity. This study suggests that moderately elevated plasma B6 levels, even in the 100 to 200 μg/L range, are not associated with significantly worse neuropathy signs or symptoms. Although standard supplementation of B6 does not appear to have a major negative affect on CIAP, this study does not directly answer whether stopping supplementation will have a beneficial effect. Very few patients in the study had vitamin B6 levels >300 μg/L, suggesting that screening for vitamin B6 toxicity may be left to the discretion of the physician.
Placental transcriptome sequencing combined with bioinformatics predicts potential genes and circular RNAs associated with hemoglobin Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome
Authors: Deng Lingjie , Lu Yebin , Yang Dongmei , Yang Fang , Ruan Heyun , Wei Changqiang , Lai Ketong , Pang Lihong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimHemoglobin Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome (BHFS) is the most severe form of α‐thalassemia. Histological alternations can be observed in placenta, but placental transcriptome profile and circular RNAs have not been studied in this disease. The aim of this study was to define the placental transcriptional changes and find relevant circular RNAs in BHFS.MethodsWe performed high‐throughput RNA sequencing to detect placental samples from fetuses affected by BHFS (n = 5) and normal fetuses (NF, n = 5), quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), and Sanger sequencing to validate the differentially expressed circRNAs and their potentially related miRNAs (BHFS, n = 22; NF, n = 11). Bioinformatics methods were performed for further analysis.ResultsOur results showed 152 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 112 circRNAs, and 45 microRNAs that were differentially expressed. DEGs were found to be involved in Gene Ontology terms related to gas transport, cell adhesion, oxidative stress, organ development, hemopoiesis, and others. RT‐qPCR results showed that hsa_circ_0003961 and hsa_circ_0006687 were upregulated (p < 0.05). The competing endogenous RNA and co‐expression networks showed that hsa_circ_0003961 and hsa_circ_0006687 were connected with 3 miRNAs and some DEGs, including cell adhesion genes (e.g., CLDN19), hemoglobin related genes (e.g., SOX6 and HBZ) and angiogenesis related genes (e.g., EPHB2). Downregulations of hsa‐miR‐1299 and hsa‐miR‐625‐5p in ceRNA network were also validated by RT‐qPCR. Gene set enrichment analysis results for the two circRNAs showed that some gene sets associated with cell adhesion, hematopoietic system and apoptosis were significantly enriched.ConclusionsOur study characterized the placental transcriptome of BHFS. The circRNAs hsa_circ_0003961 and hsa_circ_0006687 in placenta may be relevant to BHFS.
Virtual Planning and Rapid 3D Prototyping Surgical Guide for Anterior Crown Lengthening Surgery: A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Kim Jaewon , Lin Yu‐Chun , Danielak Michael , Van Minh , Lee Du‐Hyeong , Kim Hyeongil , Arany Praveen R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProgress with additive 3D printing is revolutionizing biomaterial manufacturing, including clinical dentistry and prosthodontics. Among the several 3D additive printing technologies, stereolithography is very popular as it utilizes light‐activated resin for precise resolution. A simplified digital technique was used to fabricate two designs of a surgical guide for crown lengthening. Two cases are presented that utilized digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) files obtained with computed tomography (CT) imaging and processed using four CAD software (Blue Sky Plan, Exocad, Meshmixer and 3D Slicer). The final models were converted to standard tessellation (STL) files and the guides were 3D printed with an additive stereolithography (SLA) printer. The first case was fabricated with a bone model from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data, and the second case was generated with intraoral and wax‐up scans alone. Both methods appear to be equally effective compared to using a conventional method of guide frabication. However, proximal bone reduction was a concern with both designs. Digitally fabricated 3D printed surgical guide for crown lengthening has merit and a practical design is needed for future clinical validation.
Nonclassical autophagy activation pathways are essential for production of infectious Influenza A virus in vitro
Authors: Bell Tisza A. S. , Velappan Nileena , Gleasner Cheryl D. , Xie Gang , Starkenburg Shawn R. , Waldo Geoffrey , Banerjee Shounak , Micheva‐Viteva Sofiya N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAutophagy is a critical mechanism deployed by eukaryotic cells in response to stress, including viral infection, to boost the innate antimicrobial responses. However, an increasing number of pathogens hijack the autophagic machinery to facilitate their own replication. Influenza A virus (IAV), responsible for several global pandemics, has an intricate dependence on autophagy for successful replication in mammalian cells. To elucidate key chokepoints in the host stress responses facilitating IAV replication, we constructed a meta‐transcriptome of IAV and host gene expression dynamics during early (1–3 hpi), mid (4–6 hpi), and late (8–12 hpi) stages of the viral replication cycle at two multiplicities of infection (MOI): 1 and 5. We supplemented the global transcriptome study with phosphoproteomic analysis of stress‐activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) signaling in lung carcinoma (predominantly used as an in vitro model of IAV replication) and normal human bronchial epithelial cells. We report significant differences in the activation profiles of autophagy regulating genes upon IAV infection at the two MOI as well as divergent dependence on ULK1 signaling within the normal and cancer cells. Regardless of the cell model, JNK‐Thr187 signaling was crucial for the production of infectious viral particles.