bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth trends analysis of unilateral condylar hyperplasia followed up with planar scintigraphy
Authors: Liu Pingan , Shi Jun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The current research aimed to retrospectively investigate the trends of the growth of condylar hyperplasia with serial planar scintigraphs.
Patients of unilateral condylar hyperplasia with at least one follow-up planar scintigraph were retrospectively included in the study. Patients’ age, gender at the initial scan, durations of following scans, and ratios between condylar activities were recorded.
The study retrospectively included 111 patients of unilateral condylar hyperplasia. Patients were divided into 3 groups (progressive, relatively stable, regressive) according to ratio variation between initial and last scans. There were 23 (21%) patients fell into the progressive group, 40 (36%) patients into the relatively stable group, and 48 (43%) patients into the regressive group. More female patients were in the progressive group than those in the other groups (P < .01). There were no significant differences among the 3 groups in terms of age or durations of follow-up (P > .05). There were no strong relations between ratio differences and ages. However, a weak relation seems to exist in the regressive group with r = −0.240, (P = .10).
Our investigation showed that more than a half of patients with condylar hyperplasia remain constantly or progressively active growth in patients in the follow-up scans. Roughly less than a half of patients showed regressive trends toward normal growth. Patients’ age seemly does not play a role in the growth trend pattern, although there are no optimum follow-up periods, regularly follow-up scans are needed to determine the growth status of condylar hyperplasia.
Is rifaximin better than nonabsorbable disaccharides in hepatic encephalopathy?
Authors: Cheng Junxiong , Chen Yafang , Cao Wenfu , Zuo Guoqing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of rifaximin and nonabsorbable disaccharides (NADs) in hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

Methods:
After the registration of the present meta-analysis on INPLASY, all procedures were performed according to PRISMA 2020. Relevant literature was retrieved on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to September 5, 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the enrolled studies, and Review Manager software (version 5.3) was used to analyze the clinical efficacy, blood ammonia and adverse effects.

Results:
Six studies with 559 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. There were no significant differences in the basic characteristics of the included studies. Analysis of the complete resolution of HE showed that rifaximin was better than NADs (risk ratio [RR] = 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–3.39, P = .04). However, there were no significant differences in mental status (RR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.92–1.18, P = .53), blood ammonia level (standard mean difference = −0.02, 95% CI = −0.40–0.02, P = .08), or drug adverse drug effects (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.10–1.77, I
2 = 56%, P = .24) between the rifaximin and NADs treatment groups.

Conclusion:
Rifaximin is not superior to NADs in the treatment of HE.
Transposition and fixation of lower pole crossing vessel in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Authors: Sizonov Vladimir V. , Shidaev Askhab H.-A. , Mayr Johannes M. , Kogan Mikhail I. , Kagantsov Ilya M. , Rostovskaya Vera V. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chapman and Hellstrom techniques are typically employed to transpose renal lower pole crossing vessels (LPCVs). Both procedures have certain limitations. We investigated the midterm outcomes in pediatric patients in whom LPCV-induced ureteropelvic junction obstruction was treated with either dismembered Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty or upward transposition coupled with a new technique to fix the LPCV.
We retrospectively compared Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty to the new technique in terms of outcome. LPCV transposition was considered feasible in patients in whom the diuretic loading test revealed a decrease in the pelvic volume after correction of vascular compression as well as absence of structural changes in the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) and hemodynamic compromise of the lower renal pole. The fascial flap was passed below the LPCV to form a “hammock”. The free edge of the flap was sutured to its base.
Group 1 consisted of 102 (69.9%) patients (median age: 7.9 years) undergoing dismembered Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty, while group 2 included 44 (30.1%) patients (median age: 8.4 years) treated with upward transposition and the new technique to fix the LPCV. No intra-operative complications or conversions occurred in either group. Redo-pyeloplasty was performed in 3 (2.9%) children of group 1 and 1 (2.3%) child of group 2. Renal ultrasonography conducted 12 months after surgery revealed similar anteroposterior diameters of the renal pelvis in groups 1 (7.9 ± 8.1 mm) and 2 (6.0 ± 2.9 mm). Patients in both groups showed a non-significant median increase in differential renal function at follow-up after at least 1 year after surgery (group 1: 36% [33.3; 40.5] vs 36.5% [35.3; 41.0]; group 2: 41% [37.5; 46.0] vs 43% [39; 46]).
In our patients, the new technique for laparoscopic or open fixation of the obstructing vessel after transposition was effective, reproducible, and devoid of limitations typical for the Chapman and Hellstrom techniques. We recommend Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty in children with a history of hydronephrosis diagnosed antenatally, recurrent abdominal pain, intra-operative absence of peristalsis across the UPJ, high location of the UPJ at the renal pelvis, or intra-operative absence of volume reduction of the renal pelvis upon furosemide testing.
Acute pancreatitis caused by tigecycline
Authors: Wang Peng-fei , Zou Hong , Zhu Ji-hong , Shi Fang-e 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
There is evidence that tigecycline has broad-spectrum antibiotic activity against a variety of complicated infections. However, adverse effects are inevitable, including gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; in 2006, acute pancreatitis was also brought into the side-effect list after postmarketing surveillance. Here, we present a case of tigecycline-induced acute pancreatitis.

Patient concerns:
An 87-year-old female patient with urinary tract infection received an intravenous drip of tigecycline for 6 days, after which she developed abdominal distension, vomiting, abdominal pain, and abdominal rigidity.

Diagnosis:
The patient was suspected to have tigecycline-induced acute pancreatitis.

Interventions:
Tigecycline was discontinued immediately, and the patient received a series of immediate treatments including an indwelling gastric tube for continuous gastrointestinal decompression and inhibition of gastric acid and pancreatic enzyme secretion.

Outcomes:
Following initial interventions, we observed that the patient's symptoms improved significantly, and abdominal distension, vomiting, abdominal pain, and abdominal rigidity were slightly relieved. After 5 days of follow-up, blood lipase and amylase levels decreased to normal levels. Unfortunately, the patient developed convulsions during the use of multiple antibiotics after 1 week and then died of septic shock and acute liver failure.

Lessons:
Acute pancreatitis caused by tigecycline is rare. However, in the application of antibiotics, the possibility of adverse effects must be considered, and antibiotics should be used reasonably. If the patient has relevant symptoms, it is necessary to stop using tigecycline immediately, carry out symptomatic treatment, and change to other types of antibiotics for antibacterial treatment.
Hepatotoxicity associated with the use of teriflunomide in a patient with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ferreira Cristiane Munaretto , Vasconcelos-Pereira Erica Freire de , Oliveira Vanessa Marcon de , Salgado Pedro Rippel , Domingos João Américo , Monreal Maria Tereza Ferreira Duenhas , Guerra-Shinohara Elvira Maria , Gubert Vanessa Terezinha 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Teriflunomide is an inhibitor of pyrimidine synthesis available as a first-line treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Drug-induced liver damage is a relevant problem in clinical practice, representing a frequent cause of treatment discontinuation. This case report describes the occurrence of liver injury, with a 33.7-fold increase in the upper limit of normality of the liver enzyme alanine aminotransferase during treatment with teriflunomide 14 mg.

Patient concern:
A 44-year-old woman receiving teriflunomide 14 mg for the treatment of multiple sclerosis presented symptoms suggestive of liver dysfunction 54 days after starting treatment. The patient had no history of using disease-modifying therapy, neither previous liver disease nor other comorbidities.

Diagnostics:
The suggested diagnosis was drug-induced liver injury, classified as hepatocellular. Other possible hepatic and autoimmune etiologies were ruled out.

Interventions:
Replacement of teriflunomide treatment with glatiramer acetate and follow-up of the disease.

Outcomes:
Signs and symptoms regressed after treatment with teriflunomide 14 mg was discontinued, with normalization of liver enzyme activity in ∼5 months. The causality assessment of the adverse drug reaction was determined by the Naranjo scaling system, resulting in probable, with a final score of 7.

Conclusions:
Teriflunomide-induced liver injury in patients with multiple sclerosis is a serious adverse reaction. The report of this case contributes to updating knowledge about the safety aspects of treatment with teriflunomide and planning of monitoring strategies and patient risk management.
Muscle involvement with pseudohypertrophy in systemic light chain amyloidosis
Authors: Draghici Mirela , Jercan Andreea , Badelita Sorina Nicoleta , Irimia Ruxandra Maria , Bastian Alexandra Eugenia , Dobrea Camelia , Popescu Monica , Coriu Daniel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Muscle pseudohypertrophy is a rare manifestation of light chain amyloidosis (AL) amyloidosis.

Patient concerns:
A 63-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of progressive asthenia, macroglossia, dysphonia, cachexia, hypotension, paresthesia, and lower limb muscle hypertrophy.

Diagnosis:
Free serum lambda light chains were increased, and fat pad biopsy demonstrated Congo red-positive deposits. Additionally, electromyography showed a myopathic pattern, whereas muscle biopsy revealed amyloid deposits. A diagnosis of λAL with cardiac, renal, nervous system, and skeletal muscle involvement was established.

Interventions and outcomes:
The patient received 3 subsequent lines of therapy over the following 23 months, with very slow hematological remission followed by resolution of organ dysfunction.

Lessons:
Despite its rarity, muscle involvement should be considered in patients diagnosed with AL amyloidosis associated with unexplained muscle hypertrophy or weakness associated with macroglossia or elevated troponin T levels in the absence of clear cardiac involvement.
Postoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent predictor of 1-year mortality after surgery for geriatric intertrochanteric femoral fracture
Authors: Choi Sung Uk , Rho Jeong Ho , Choi Yoon Ji , Jun Seung Woo , Shin Young Jae , Lee Yoon Sook , Shin Hyeon Ju , Lim Choon Hak , Shin Hye Won , Kim Jae Hwan , Lee Hye Won , Lim Hye Ja 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Preoperative hypoalbuminemia from malnutrition is associated with increased morbidity and mortality after geriatric hip fracture surgery. However, little is known regarding the correlation between postoperative hypoalbuminemia and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate whether postoperative hypoalbuminemia could predict 1-year mortality after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery in elderly patients.
The medical records of 263 geriatric patients (age ≥65 years) who underwent intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery between January 2013 and January 2016 in a single hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were allocated to 2 groups based on lowest serum albumin levels within 2 postoperative days (≥3.0 g/dL [group 1, n = 46] and <3.0 g/dL [group 2, n = 217]. Data between the non-survival and survival groups were compared. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the independent predictor for 1-year mortality.
The 1-year mortality rate was 16.3% after intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that postoperative hypoalbuminemia was significantly associated with 1-year mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 8.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-47.09; P = .021). The non-survival group showed a significantly increased incidence of postoperative hypoalbuminemia (95.4% vs 80.0%, P = .015) and intensive care unit admission (11.6% vs 2.7%, P = .020), older age (82.5 ± 5.8 years vs 80.0 ± 7.2 years, P = .032), lower body mass index (20.1 ± 3.2 kg/m2 vs 22.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2, P < .001), and increased amount of transfusion of perioperative red blood cells (1.79 ± 1.47 units vs 1.43 ± 2.08 units, P = .032), compared to the survival group.
This study demonstrated that postoperative hypoalbuminemia is a potent predictor of 1-year mortality in geriatric patients undergoing intertrochanteric femoral fracture surgery. Therefore, exogenous albumin administration can be considered to improve postoperative outcomes and reduce the risk of mortality after surgery for geriatric hip fracture.
Effect of amlodipine versus bisoprolol in hypertensive patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Youssef Ahmed Mohamed , Elghoneimy Hesham Abdallah , Helmy Maged Wasfy , Abdelazeem Ahmed Mokhtar , El-Khodary Noha Mahmoud 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Left ventricular hypertrophy and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the dialysis population. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a calcium channel blocker-based antihypertensive regimen compared to a beta-blocker-based antihypertensive regimen on left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and ADMA levels in hypertensive patients on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods:
This was a parallel-design, open-label, single-center randomized controlled trial on 46 hypertensive patients on maintenance HD, with no history of CVD. Patients were randomly assigned to receive amlodipine 10 mg/d (n = 23) or bisoprolol 10 mg/d (n = 23). Office-based blood pressure (BP) was targeted to ≤ 140/ 90 mm Hg. The outcome was the change in LVMI and ADMA from baseline to 6 months.

Results:
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics did not vary between groups. After 6 months of treatment, amlodipine-based therapy induced a greater reduction in LVMI from baseline than bisoprolol-based treatment (35 ± 34.2 vs 9.8 ± 35.9 gm/m2; P = .017). A similar reduction in the mean BP occurred with treatment in both groups. ADMA concentration decreased significantly from baseline in the amlodipine group (0.75 ± 0.73 to 0.65 ± 0.67 nmol/mL; P = .001), but increased nonsignificantly in the bisoprolol group (0.64 ± 0.61 to 0.78 ± 0.64 nmol/mL; P = .052).

Conclusion:
This study showed that compared to a bisoprolol-based regimen, an amlodipine-based antihypertensive regimen resulted in a significantly greater reduction in LVMI and ADMA levels from baseline in hypertensive patients on HD despite similar BP reduction in both groups. These findings support the re-evaluation of amlodipine as a potential first-line antihypertensive treatment in patients on HD without previous CVD.

Trial Registration:
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04085562, registered September 2019.
Efficacy and safety of bismuth quadruple regimens containing tetracycline or furazolidone for initial eradication of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Wang Junxian , Cao Yuping , He Wei , Li Xiaoping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection can cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and even gastric cancer, so effective eradication is critical.
This study compared the efficacy and safety of bismuth quadruple regimens including either tetracycline or furazolidone for initial eradication.
Patients newly diagnosed with H pylori infection from January 2020 to January 2021 were randomly assigned to receive either the tetracycline-containing regimen (n = 116) or furazolidone-containing regimen (n = 168). Both regimens included 1 proton pump inhibitor (rabeprazole 20 mg, or esomeprazole 20 mg, or eprazole 5 mg), colloidal pectin bismuth 300 mg, and amoxicillin 1000 mg in addition to tetracycline 1.0 g or furazolidone 0.1 g. All drugs were administered twice daily for 12 consecutive days. The 14C urea breath test was used for diagnosis, and re-test negativity at one-month follow-up was considered successful eradication. Adverse events were recorded during follow-up by telephone interview.
In total, 109 patients in the tetracycline group and 157 in the furazolidone group were re-examined at 1 month. In the tetracycline group, 101 patients tested negative at follow-up, yielding an eradication rate of 92.7% according to per-protocol analysis and 87.1% by intention-to-treat analysis. In the furazolidone group, 141 patients tested negative, yielding eradication rates of 89.8% by PP and 83.9% by ITT. Eradication rates did not differ significantly between regimens (per-protocol: χ

2
= 0.637, P = .517; intention-to-treat: χ

2
= 0.537, P = .501). However, total adverse events incidence was significantly lower in the tetracycline group (20.2% vs 37.6%; χ

2
= 9.193, P = .003).
Both bismuth quadruple regimens produce high initial eradication, but the tetracycline regimen appears safer.
Life-threatening Mycobacterium intracellulare pleuritis in an immunocompetent host
Authors: Kho Bo-Gun , Na Young-Ok , Park Hwa Kyung , Lee Jae-Kyeong , Oh Hyung-Joo , Park Ha-Young , Kim Tae-Ok , Shin Hong-Joon , Kwon Yong-Soo , Kim Yu-Il , Lim Sung-Chul 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)–associated pleuritis is a very rare disease. Here, we describe 2 cases of life-threatening Mycobacterium intracellulare-associated pleuritis in immunocompetent hosts.

Patient concerns:
A 78-year-old man with sudden onset-onset dyspnea (case 1) and an 80-year-old man with cough, sputum and fever (case 2) presented to our emergency room.

Diagnoses:
Both the patients were diagnosed with Mycobacterium intracellulare-associated pleuritis.

Intervention:
In case 1, the patient underwent intubation with mechanical ventilation due to hypoxemic respiratory failure. Daily azithromycin, rifampin and ethambutol, and intravenous amikacin 3 times a week was administered. In case 2, the patient received daily azithromycin, rifampin and ethambutol, and intravenous amikacin 3 times a week.

Outcomes:
In case 1, after receiving NTM treatment for 14 months, NTM-associated pleuritis was cured, with radiologic improvement. In case 2, however, bronchopleural fistula was developed. Despite tube drainage, air leak continued. The patient refused surgical management and eventually died of respiratory failure.

Lessons:
Pleural effusion arising from NTM lung disease located in the subpleural area should be considered a possible cause of NTM-associated pleuritis. Drainage and a multidrug regimen are required to treat NTM, and surgical treatment should be considered when complications occur.
Emergent versus planned delivery in patients with placenta accreta spectrum disorders
Authors: Thang Nguyen Manh , Anh Nguyen Thi Huyen , Thanh Pham Hai , Linh Pham Thi , Cuong Tran Danh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes and to identify risk factors for emergent cesarean delivery and planned cesarean delivery in patients with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders in Vietnam.
The medical records of patients admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of PAS disorders >5 years were retrospectively reviewed.
A total of 255 patients with PAS disorders were identified, including 95 cases in the emergent delivery group and 160 cases in the planned delivery group. The percentage of complete/partial placenta previa in the planned delivery group was significantly higher than that in the emergent delivery group (59.22% vs 32.16%, P = .027). Fewer patients in the planned group had vaginal bleeding compared with those in the emergent group (29 vs 36 cases, P < .001). The percentage of blood transfusion was similar between the 2 groups; however, the transfused units of pack red blood cells were greater in the emergent delivery group (5.3 ± 0.33 vs 4.5 ± 0.25 U, P = .036). When considering the neonatal outcomes, the data demonstrated that the planned delivery group had a significantly higher birth weight and a lower rate of preterm delivery than the emergent group (P < .001). The mean gestational age at delivery for the emergent group was 35.1 ± 0.27 weeks compared with 38.0 ± 0.10 weeks for the planned group (P < .001). The increased risk factors for emergent delivery were vaginal bleeding (odds ratio 2.86, 95% confidence interval 1.59–5.26) and preterm delivery (odds ratio 5.26, 95% confidence interval 2.13–14.29).
Planned delivery is strongly associated with a lower need for blood transfusion and better neonatal outcomes compared with emergent delivery. Antenatal vaginal bleeding and preterm labor are risk factors for emergent delivery among patients with PAS disorders. Based on the results of this study, we recommend that the management strategies for patients with PAS disorders should be individualized to determine the optimal timing of delivery and to decrease the rate of emergent cesarean delivery.
Retinopathy in Egyptian patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Hassan Tamer , Badr Mohamed , Hanna Diana , Arafa Mohamed , Elhewala Ahmed , Dabour Sherief , Shehata Saad , Rahman Doaa Abdel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a disorder that causes red blood cells to become sticky and rigid. Sickle cells can block blood flow in small blood vessels depriving the eye of oxygen and cause damage. This is called sickle retinopathy that can progress to severe proliferative sickle cell retinopathy, bleeding into the eye, detachment of the retina or even loss of vision.
To assess ocular manifestations and detect frequency of retinopathy in patients with SCD.
Cross-sectional study was conducted on 32 patients with SCD. They were 22 males and 10 females with mean age of 12 years. Routine investigations as well as ophthalmological examination including visual acuity, fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography were done.
We found that 8 patients (25%) suffered from proliferative retinopathy, 10 patients (31%) showed tortuous retinal veins, while 14 patients (44%) were normal. All patients showed macular thinning on optical coherence tomography examination.
We concluded that frequency of retinopathy in patients with SCD is more than expected and it was higher in patients who started transfusion at a later age. More attention should be paid for this problem and close observations and follow up is strongly needed.