bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Analytical Methods for Determining 16 Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Panax Notoginseng and Aucklandia&nbsp;Lappa Decne by Automated Solid-Phase Extraction System and GC/MS
Authors: Wu Na , Gou Gaozhang , Liang Dachao , Ruan Jinru , Liu Wei , Feng Shaoping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A fast and sensitive multi-residue analytical method was developed for the determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues in Panax notoginseng and Aucklandia lappa decne by comparing an ultrasonic extraction and homogenate extraction approach coupled with automated solid-phase extraction system and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Various factors affecting the homogenate extraction and purification efficiency were investigated in detail. The optimum conditions for homogenate extraction of organophosphorus pesticide residues from Panax notoginseng and Aucklandia lappa decne were 60 mL dichloromethane, 10000 r/min of extracting revolution speed and 2 min of extracting time. The extracts were cleaned up by automated solid-phase extraction system and determined by GC/MS. Under the optimum conditions, the results of the homogenate extraction approach were compared with those of the ultrasonic extraction, and the homogenate extraction approach was used to extract the samples. The average recoveries of the method by a homogenate extraction approach coupled with automated solid-phase extraction system and GC/MS ranged from 72.56% to 96.70%, and RSDs were 0.05~0.14%, which allowed the determination of 16 organophosphorus pesticide residues in Panax notoginseng and Aucklandia lappa decne. The results indicated that the proposed method can apply for the determination of organophosphate pesticides residues in Panax notoginseng and Aucklandia lappa decne with high accuracy and precision.
Differences of Clinical Features and Prognosis between Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Necrotizing Pneumonia and Non-Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Necrotizing Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Yang Beilei , Zhang Weili , Gu Wenjing , Zhang Xinxing , Wang Meijuan , Huang Li , Zhu Canhong , Yan Yongdong , Ji Wei , Ni Huiping , Chen Zhengrong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn the past few years, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection has been reported more in China . However, there are few studies on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of necrotizing pneumonia (NP) caused by different pathogens. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed, including 31 children with a clinical diagnosis of NP in the hospital from January 1, 2013 to January 31, 2020. A total of 11 children with MPNP were included in the observation group and the other 20 children with other pathogens were included in the control group. The clinical manifestations, laboratory data, imaging findings, treatments and outcomes were analyzed.ResultsThe proportion of dyspnea cases was significantly higher in the non-Mycoplasma pneumoniae necrotizing pneumonia (N-MPNP) group than that in the Mycoplasma pneumoniae necrotizing pneumonia (MPNP) group (P = 0.02).The LDH level of all patients in the MPNP group was higher than the normal value, with a median value of 805.0 U/L, which was significantly higher than those in the N-MPNP group (414.0 [299.9–540.6] U/L; Z = −2.518; P = 0.012). The white blood cells (WBCs) count of the N-MPNP group was 17.8 (11.1–21.7) × 109/L, which was significantly higher than that of the MPNP group (10.2 [6.3–14.1] × 109/L; P< 0.05). The mean time of pulmonary necrosis in the MPNP group was 20.9 ±6.9 days, which was higher than that of the N-MPNP group (16.8 ±6.1 days; t = 3.101; P = 0.004). The incidence of pleural effusion in the N-MPNP group (19 patients, 95%) was significantly higher than that in the MPNP group (six patients, 54.55%) (P = 0.013). Among them, two patients received bronchoscopy lavage at a maximum four times, and the cases of plastic bronchitis were seen only in the MPNP group (3 cases; P = 0.037).The length of stay was 18 (10–22) days in the MPNP group and 23.5 (13.5–47) days in the N-MPNP group and no significant difference was observed between the two groups (Z = −1.923, P = −0.055).Conclusions1. MP infection is the most common infection in children with NP in the Suzhou area. There is no gender and age difference between MPNP and N-MPNP, but the bacterial infection was mainly observed in the N-MPNP group.2. Children in the N-MPNP group have more severe clinical symptoms, were more prone to shortness of breath, had a longer hospital stay, and had earlier imaging manifestations of necrosis, whereas children in the MPNP group were more likely to have plastic bronchitis. The level of WBC and LDH and the nature of pleural effusion can be used to identify MPNP and N-MPNP to some extent.3. The prognosis of MPNP was better than that of N-MPNP. There were no death cases. Pleural thickening, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchiectasis were the most common sequelae. Compared with N-MPNP, the recovery time of lung imaging in MPNP was shorter.
Promoting Self-determined and Informed use of Personal Health Records (PHR) among Older Adults: Assessment of Attitudes Towards the PHR and Requirements for an eLearning Platform
Authors: Perotti Luis , Heimann-Steinert Anika 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIntegration and implementation of Personal Health Records (PHR) in the healthcare system offers the opportunity for improved care for patients. Older adults, who often face a larger number of chronic diseases, could particularly benefit from a transparent and improved healthcare process. However, confident and self-determined use of a PHR requires a high degree of digital and content-related competence. At the same time, older adults may have little experience of using digital technology. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of older adults towards the PHR and their requirements for development of an eLearning platform designed to enable older adults to use the PHR. MethodsTo answer the research questions, semi-structured interviews with older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) were conducted. A focus group was also set up, consisting of older adults. Sociodemographic data, previous knowledge about the PHR and willingness to use technology were additionally collected by using standardized validated questionnaires and self-developed questionnaires. ResultsWhile previous knowledge about the PHR was relatively low within the study population, general attitudes towards the PHR were mostly positive. The study participants mainly expressed hope for improved care, such as better communication and avoidance of duplicate examinations. At the same time, the potentially large amount of data in the system, as well as possible incomprehensibility of the content, were mentioned as concerning factors. In terms of requirements for the eLearning platform, usability was the aspect most frequently mentioned by the participants. The subjects emphasized that the platform should consider the requirements of older adults in particular. In terms of content, help with the use of the PHR and information about its general conception, as well as access authorization, were named. ConclusionWhile the general attitude of older adults towards the PHR was relatively positive, there is a high demand for an eLearning platform enabling the target group to successfully use the PHR. Such a platform could facilitate implementation of the PHR and help older adults to actively participate in their healthcare. During development, the specific needs of the target group should be considered to ensure accessibility and usability.
KPNA4 Serves as A Biomarker For Pancreatic Adnenocarcinoma KPNA4 Serves as A Promising Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker For Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Yuqian , Zhu HongYi , Chu Yi , Luo Min , Li WenYu , Lvy Liang , Huo JiRong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Growing evidence suggests that aberrant expression of Karyopherin alpha (KPNA) has been involved in the tumor progression of various cancer types. However, the differential expression patterns and prognostic value of the seven KPNA subtypes remain to be investigated. Hence the transcriptional and survival data of KPNAs in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) were analyzed.Methods: Transcriptional and survival data related to KPNA expression in patients with PAAD were derived through ONCOMINE, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2, and Human protein atlas databases. The DNA alteration for KPNAs came from The Cancer Genome Atlas and c-BioPortal. The prognostic value analysis was performed with Kaplan–Meier Plotter. Gene functional enrichment analyses were conducted in database LinkedOmics and Metascape.Results: The mRNA expression levels of KPNA1-4, 6,7 were found significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues than in normal pancreas tissues, whereas the aberrant expression level of KPNA5 was no more significant in the former than in the latter. KPNA1, 4, and 7 were associated with tumor stage or grade of PAAD. Nevertheless, the obvious association with clinical outcomes was identified only in the aberrant expression of KPNA4. Further gene functional exploration about KPNA4 displayed KPNA4 strongly associated with adherens junction and tumor metastasis in PAAD. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that KPNA4 might be a potential diagnostic and a new biomarker of prognosis for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Career Choice Regret During COVID-19 Among Healthcare Students and Professionals in Mainland China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yang Guoyi , Wang Ling , Wang Jia , Geng Zixian , Liu Huixin , Xu Tao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 epidemic affected the career choice of healthcare professionals and students. To explore career choice regret of healthcare professionals and students during COVID-19 outbreak and its affected factors.MethodsConvenience sample of nurses, doctors, and medical students were recruited from hospitals and universities nationwide. The data collected including demographic information, professional value before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and career choice regret level by an online questionnaire. Multinominal logistic regression was employed to explore the factors associated with career choice regret.ResultsIn total, 9322 participants of convenience sampling were enrolled in, including 5786 nurses, 1664 doctors, and 1872 medical students. 6.7% participants had career choice regret. Multinominal logistic regression analysis showed, compared to participants with no regret, that as levels of resilience increased, the odds of experiencing career choice regret decreased (OR=0.951,P＜0.001), while participants with lower professional value evaluation after the COVID-19 outbreak had higher probability to experience career choice regret(OR=1.552,P＜0.001). Medical students were more likely to regret than nurses (OR=1.654,P=0.002), participants whose career/major choice was according to their personal ideal had higher risk of experience career choice regret (OR=1.592,P＜0.001), while participants who were very afraid of the coronavirus had higher risk to experience career choice regret then participants with no fear at all(OR=1.997,P=0.004).As for the medical students, results indicated that medical students major in nursing and undergraduates had higher risk to experience career choice regret compared to medical students major in clinical medicine and postgraduate (Master or PhD), with an odds ratios of 2.645 and 6.851 respectively.ConclusionsA minority of healthcare professionals and medical students regretted their career choices during the COVID-19 outbreak. Enhance personal psychological resilience and professional value would helpful to reduce career choice regret among healthcare professionals and students during pandemic.
Effect of Exergaming on Wellbeing of Residents in A Nursing Home: A Single Blinded Intervention Study
Authors: Willems Hannah , Gunst Marlies , Demeyere Isabelle , Schoenmakers Birgitte 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

To improve quality of life in nursing homes, meaningful activities and social contact are indispensable. Exergames can play a role addressing these needs.
Methods

In a randomized single blinded controlled intervention study, we investigated the effect of playing exergames on general well-being, fun and on social interaction.
Results

Eighteen residents took part in the intervention group and 17 in the control group. The median mental well-being score of the intervention group increased from 42/50 to 45. The median sleep score of the intervention increased from 23/30 to 28. The median pain score of the intervention group improved from18/20 to 20. The median score on subjective cognition increased from 24/30 to 26 while the mean scores on the objective assessment decreased from 1.8/2 to 1.7. Coaches gave an average fun score of 8.9/10 and an average intensity of exercise score of 11.6/20. Residents and coaches appreciated the social contact. Coaches reported a high feasibility (average of 4.1/5) but a low accessibility and a high intensity of supervision.
Conclusions

Exergaming is a feasibly complement to the usual activities. Future research should focus on vulnerable groups and aim to develop a study in an implementation design.
Can Humans Become More Random?
Authors: Wong Sook Mun , Merholz Garance , Maoz Uri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The human ability for random-sequence generation (RSG) is limited but improves in a competitive game environment with feedback. However, it remains unclear whether RSG during games can improve when explicitly informing people that they must be as random as possible to win the game nor is it known whether any such improvement transfers to outside the game environment. To investigate this, we designed a pre/post intervention paradigm around a rock-paper-scissors game followed by a questionnaire. During the game we manipulated participants’ level of awareness of the computer’s strategy; they were either (a) not informed of the computer’s algorithm or (b) explicitly informed that the computer used patterns in their choice history to beat them, so they must be maximally random to win. Using a novel comparison metric, our results demonstrate that human RSG can reach levels statistically indistinguishable from computer pseudo-random generators in a competitive-game setting. However, our results also suggest that human RSG cannot be further improved by explicitly informing participants that they need to be random to win. In addition, the higher RSG in the game setting does not transfer outside the game environment. Furthermore, we found that the underrepresentation of long repetitions of short patterns explains about a third of the variability in human RSG and discuss what might make up the remaining two thirds of RSG variability. Finally, we discuss our results in the context of the “Network-Modulation Model” and we ponder their potential relation to findings in the neuroscience of volition.
Inhibition of lipid metabolism exerts antitumor effects on rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Miyagaki Satoshi , Kikuchi Ken , Mori Jun , Lopaschuk Gary D. , Iehara Tomoko , Hosoi Hajime 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and aims: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) exhibits tumor-specific energy metabolic changes that include the Warburg effect. Since targeting cancer metabolism is a promising therapeutic approach, we examined the antitumor effects of suppressing lipid metabolism in RMS.Methods: We suppressed lipid metabolism in RMS cells in vitro by administering an inhibitor of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, which increases malonyl CoA and decreases fatty acid oxidation. In vivo studies involved injection of human Rh30 cells into the gastrocnemius muscle of 6-week-old female nude mice, which were divided into two groups: normal chow diet group (NCD) and low-fat diet group (LFD).Results: Suppression of lipid metabolism in RMS cells decreased cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest. Metabolomic analysis showed an increase in glycolysis and inactivation of the pentose phosphate pathway. Immunoblotting analysis revealed upregulated expression of LC3A/B-II, an autophagy marker, due to increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a nutrient sensor. Inhibition of both lipid metabolism and autophagy suppressed tumor proliferation and increased apoptosis. Moreover, mice fed a LFD for 21-days showed reduced tumor growth compared to NCD-fed mice. Conclusion: Suppression of lipid metabolism disrupted the equilibrium of the cancer-specific metabolism in RMS, resulting in a tumor growth-inhibitory effect. Therefore, the development of treatments focusing on the lipid dependence of RMS is highly promising.
Comparison of Depressive Symptoms and its Influencing Factors among the Elderly in Urban and Rural Areas: Based on a Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in China
Authors: Liu Haixia , Fan Xiaojing , Luo Huanyuan , Zhou Zhongliang , Shen Chi , Hu Naibao , Zhai Xiangming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The imbalance between urban and rural areas leads to heterogeneous loci of depression in urban and rural elderly and affects the depressive symptoms of elderly by changing the social environment. Depression amongst the elderly population is a worldwide public health problem, especially in China. Affected by the urban-rural dual structure, depressive symptoms of the elderly in urban and rural areas are different.Methods: Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2018y, 7690 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years were included in the final analysis. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) were used to measure the depressive symptoms, and the generalized linear model (GLM) and binary logistic regression were employed to assess the association between urban and rural source and depression.Results: Depressive symptoms of the elderly in urban and rural areas were significantly different (P<0.001). GLM showed that the risk of depression in the rural elderly is 1.52 times (OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.32 to 1.76) that of the urban elderly. The result of logistic regression showed that the influencing factors of depression in urban and rural areas were different. Gender, education level, life satisfaction, chronic disease and social activities were influencing factors of depression among the urban elderly. But for the rural elderly, influencing factors of depression were gender, education level, minorities, self-reported health status, life satisfaction, sleep duration (≤5h), chronic disease, social activities and income (except for pension). Conclusions: The results of our study indicated that targeted and precise intervention strategies to prevent depression should be proposed for the urban and rural elderly respectively.
The Emerging Epidemic of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Asia and Iran by 2035: A Modeling Study
Authors: Olfatifar Meysam , Zali Mohammad Reza , Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin , Balaii Hedieh , Ghavami Shaghayegh Baradaran , Ivanchuk Maria , Ivanchuk Pavlo , Nazari Saeed hashemi , shahrokh Shabnam , Sabour Siamak , Khodakarim Soheila , Aghdaei Hamid Asadzadeh , Rohani Pejman , Mehralian Gholamhossein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The projection studies are imperative to optimize the future need for health care systems and proper response to the public health problems such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: To accomplish this, we established an illness-death model based on available data to project the future prevalence of IBD in Asia regions and Iran separately from 2017 to 2035. We applied two deterministic and stochastic approaches. Results: For 2035 compared to 2020, we projected a 2.5-fold increase in prevalent cases for Iran with 69 thousand cases, a 2.3-fold increment for North Africa and the Middle East with 220 thousand cases, quadrupling of the prevalence for India with 2.2 million cases, a 1.5-fold increment for East Asia region with 4.5 million cases and a 1.6-fold increase in prevalence for High‐income Asia‐Pacific and Southeast Asia regions with 183 and 199 thousand cases respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed an emerging epidemic for the prevalence of IBD in Asia regions or/and countries. Hence, we suggest the need for emergency action to control this increasing trend in Asia and Iran.
Health-related Physical Fitness in Older Adult Europeans: The IN COMMON SPORT Study
Authors: Cancela Jose M , Mollinedo-Cardalda Irimia , Ferreira Manuela , Bezerra Pedro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background This comparative descriptive study analysed the physical fitness and the anthropometric data of senior citizens participating in "IN COMMON SPORTS" project, in accordance with their place of residence. MethodsA total of 418 participants divided into two groups: Eastern European Group (EEG) and Southern European Group (SEG). Each participants' anthropometric characteristics (body mass index, body fat and waist hip ratio) and fitness (Senior Fitness Test and Hand grip) were studied. Results The Subjects from the SEG showed significantly lower anthropometric values than those from the EEG. The SEG subjects presented significant differences in physical fitness, with best values for upper and lower limb strength and aerobic resistance, while those from the EEG presented significantly better values for lower limb flexibility. Conclusion Senior citizens aged 60+ years present differences in physical fitness in accordance with their country of residence; the Southern Europeans having the best physical fitness.
Tomato Endurance to Tuta Absoluta Is Mediated by Reinforcement of Leaf Barriers and Induction of Chemical Reaction&nbsp;
Authors: D'Esposito Daniela , Manzo Daniele , Ricciardi Alessandro , Garonna Antonio , De Natale Antonino , Frusciante Luigi , Pennacchio Francesco , Ercolano Maria 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The leaf miner, Tuta absoluta, is a destructive pest of tomato that causes important losses worldwide. Breeding of resistant/tolerant tomato cultivars could be an effective strategy for T. absoluta management but, despite the economic importance of tomato, very limited information is available about its response to this treat. To elucidate the defense mechanisms to herbivore feeding a comparative analysis was performed between a tolerant and susceptible cultivated tomato at both morphological and transcriptome level to highlight constitutive leaf barriers, molecular and biochemical mechanisms to counter the effect of T. absoluta attack. Results: The tolerant genotype showed an enhanced constitutive barrier due to the higher density of trichomes and increased inducible reactions upon mild infestation thanks to the activation/repression of key transcription factors regulating genes involved in cuticle formation and cell wall strength as well as of antinutritive enzymes, and genes involved in the production of chemical toxins and bioactive secondary metabolites. Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest that tomato resilience to the leaf miner is achieved by a combined strategy between constitutive and induced defense system. A well-orchestrated modulation of plant transcription regulation ensures a trade-off between defense needs and fitness costs. Our finding can be further exploited for developing T. absoluta tolerant cultivars, acting as important component of integrated pest management strategy for more sustainable production.