bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of turmeric on lipid profile, malondialdehyde, liver echogenicity and enzymes among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized double blind clinical trial
Authors: jarhahzadeh Maryam , Alavinejad Pezhman , Farsi Farnaz , Husain Durdana , Rezazadeh Afshin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of liver transaminases elevation and a global health concern.

Purpose
This study designed to evaluate the effects of turmeric rhizomes (Curcumalonga Linn.) on liver enzymes, Lipid profiles and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with NAFLD.

Study design
Randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial.

Methods
64 cases of NAFLD randomly assigned to receive either turmeric (2 gr/day) or placebo for 8 weeks. The changes of liver transaminases, lipid profiles and MDA were measured before and after study period and compared between two groups (IRCT 2015092924262N1).

Results
At the end of the study, the Turmeric group showed a significant reduction in liver enzymes (AST before 26.81 ± 10.54 after 21.19 ± 5.67, P = 0.044, ALT before 39.56 ± 22.41, after 30.51 ± 12.61, P = 0.043 and GGT before33.81 ± 17.50, after 25.62 ± 9.88, P = 0.046) compared with the placebo group. The serum levels of triglycerides, LDL, HDL and MDA had also a significant decrease among turmeric group as compared to baseline while there was no significant change in placebo group (P < 0.05). The serum cholesterol, VLDL level and sonographic grades of NAFLD had not any significant change in both groups.

Conclusion
In conclusion this study suggests that daily consumption of turmeric (and its active phenolic ingredients as curcumin) supplementation could be effective in management of NAFLD and decreasing serum level of liver transaminases.
Microseepage through evaporite sequences — A Gulf of Suez example
Authors: Silliman Alan H. , Schrynemeeckers Rick 
Published: October 2021

Salt is one of the most effective agents for trapping oil and gas. As a ductile material, it can move and deform surrounding sediments and create traps. However, effective sealing of reservoirs for movement of hydrocarbons along breaching faults or fracture swarms (i.e., macroseepage) is a different mechanism than the movement of hydrocarbons on a molecular scale along grain boundaries and microfractures as happens with microseepage. To address salt seal integrity, Forum Exploration has chosen to evaluate the applicability of passive surface geochemical surveys for mapping hydrocarbons in their onshore West Gebel El Zeit lease in part due to difficulties in seismic imaging through salt and anhydrite sequences. Two economic producing wells have been drilled in the lease, but due to compartmentalization and complexity in the area, three dry wells also have been drilled. Target formations include the Kareem Formation at approximately 2700 m and the Rudeis Formation at approximately 3000 m. The geochemical survey encompasses 100 passive geochemical modules. Passive samplers also have been deployed around two producing wells and one dry well for geochemical calibration. Calibration data indicate positive thermogenic signatures around the two producing wells in contrast to the background or baseline signature from around the dry well. The Kareem Formation calibration signature ranges from approximately C6 to C12 with the Rudeis Formation calibration signature ranging from C5 to C9. This suggests that the Rudeis calibration signature is lighter than the Kareem, in agreement with independent measurement of American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity on produced oil samples (API gravity 41° oil for the Rudeis and 35° oil for the Kareem). A postsurvey well, Fh85-8, has been drilled based on combined geochemical and seismic data results. The well is a Kareem oil discovery, with an initial production of approximately 800 barrels of oil per day. We have developed evidence in this Gulf of Suez example to show that microseepage occurs through substantial salt sequences. Consequently, ultrasensitive passive surface geochemical surveys provide a powerful tool for derisking salt plays.
Automated Extraction of Tumor Staging and Diagnosis Information From Surgical Pathology Reports
Authors: Abedian Sajjad , Sholle Evan T. , Adekkanattu Prakash M. , Cusick Marika M. , Weiner Stephanie E. , Shoag Jonathan E. , Hu Jim C. , Campion Thomas R. 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE Typically stored as unstructured notes, surgical pathology reports contain data elements valuable to cancer research that require labor-intensive manual extraction. Although studies have described natural language processing (NLP) of surgical pathology reports to automate information extraction, efforts have focused on specific cancer subtypes rather than across multiple oncologic domains. To address this gap, we developed and evaluated an NLP method to extract tumor staging and diagnosis information across multiple cancer subtypes. METHODS The NLP pipeline was implemented on an open-source framework called Leo. We used a total of 555,681 surgical pathology reports of 329,076 patients to develop the pipeline and evaluated our approach on subsets of reports from patients with breast, prostate, colorectal, and randomly selected cancer subtypes. RESULTS Averaged across all four cancer subtypes, the NLP pipeline achieved an accuracy of 1.00 for International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes, 0.89 for T staging, 0.90 for N staging, and 0.97 for M staging. It achieved an F1 score of 1.00 for International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes, 0.88 for T staging, 0.90 for N staging, and 0.24 for M staging. CONCLUSION The NLP pipeline was developed to extract tumor staging and diagnosis information across multiple cancer subtypes to support the research enterprise in our institution. Although it was not possible to demonstrate generalizability of our NLP pipeline to other institutions, other institutions may find value in adopting a similar NLP approach—and reusing code available at GitHub—to support the oncology research enterprise with elements extracted from surgical pathology reports.
Klein-Gordon oscillator under a linear central potential induced by Lorentz symmetry violation
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Klein-Gordon oscillator under Lorentz symmetry violation determined by the tensor

out of the Standard Model Extension (SME) is analyzed. We introduce angular frequency of the oscillator with a Klein-Gordon particle by replacing the momentum vector

in the wave equation. We choose the scenario of Lorentz symmetry violation with the field configuration of a constant magnetic field

along the z-direction and a cylindrical electric field

along the radial direction. We then solved the wave equation and obtained the bound state solutions of the modified Klein-Gordon oscillator. We see that the angular frequency of oscillator depends on the quantum numbers of the system

which shows a quantum effect and on Lorentz symmetry breaking parameters.
Positional information as a universal predictor of freezing
Authors: Das Tamoghna , Tlusty Tsvi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Variation of positional information, measured by the two-body excess entropy

, is studied across the liquid-solid equilibrium transition in a simple two-dimensional system. Analysis reveals a master relation between

and the freezing temperature T
1, from which a scaling law is extracted,

. Theoretical and practical implications of the observed universality are discussed.
Thermal history of alfalfa leafcutting bees affects nesting and diapause incidence
Authors: Earls Kayla N. , Porter Monique S. , Rinehart Joseph P. , Greenlee Kendra J. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Variable spring temperatures may expose developing insects to sublethal conditions, resulting in long-term consequences. The alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata, overwinters as a prepupa inside a brood cell, resuming development in spring. During these immobile stages of development, bees must tolerate unfavorable temperatures. In this study, we tested how exposure to low temperature stress during development affects subsequent reproduction and characteristics of the F1 generation. Developing male and female M. rotundata were exposed to either constant (6°C) or fluctuating (1 h day−1 at 20°C) low temperature stress for 1 week, during the pupal stage, to mimic a spring cold snap. Treated adults were marked and released into field cages, and reproductive output was compared with that of untreated control bees. Exposure to low temperatures during the pupal stage had mixed effects on reproduction and offspring characteristics. Females treated with fluctuating low temperatures were more likely to nest compared with control bees or those exposed to constant low temperature stress. Sublethal effects may have contributed to low nesting rates of bees exposed to constant low temperatures. Females from that group that were able to nest had fewer, larger offspring with high viability, suggesting a trade-off. Interestingly, offspring of bees exposed to fluctuating low temperatures were more likely to enter diapause, indicating that thermal history of parents, even during development, is an important factor in diapause determination.
Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer of Patients with Prior Pelvic Irradiation
Authors: Yamada Shigeru , Takiyama Hirotoshi , Isozaki Yuka , Shinoto Makoto , Ebner Daniel K. , Koto Masashi , Tsuji Hiroshi , Miyauchi Hideaki , Sekimoto Mitsugu , Ueno Hideki , Itabashi Michio , Ikeda Masataka , Matsubara Hisahiro ,   for the Working Group on Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for salvage of previously X-ray-irradiated (XRT) locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC).

Methods
Between September 2005 and December 2017, 77 patients with LRRC were treated with CIRT re-irradiation. All the patients had received prior XRT with a median dose of 50.0 Gy (range 20–74 Gy), principally for neoadjuvant or adjuvant recurrence prophylaxis in 34 patients and for recurrence in 43 patients. The total CIRT dose of 70.4 Gy (RBE) (gray relative biologic effectiveness) was administered in 16 fixed fractions during 4 weeks (4.4 Gy [RBE] per fraction).

Results
All the patients completed the scheduled treatment course. None of the patients received resection after CIRT. Acute grade 3 toxicities occurred for eight patients (10 %), including five grade 3 pelvic infections (2 involving pain and 1 involving neuropathy). Late grade 3 toxicities occurred for 16 patients (21 %): 13 with late grade 3 pelvic infections, 9 with gastrointestinal toxicity, 1 with skin toxicity, 2 with pain, and 4 with neuropathy. No grade 4+ toxicity was noted. The overall local control rates (infield + out-of-field recurrence) were 69 % at 3 years and 62 % at 5 years. In the planning target volume (PTV), the infield recurrence rates were 90 % and 87 % respectively. The control rates for regional recurrence were 85 % at 3 years and 81 % at 5 years. The median overall survival time was 47 months. The survival rates were 61 % at 3 years and 38 % at 5 years.

Conclusion
Carbon-ion re-irradiation of previously X-ray-irradiated locally recurrent rectal cancer appears to be safe and effective, providing good local control and survival advantage without unacceptable morbidity.
Case Report: Cyclophosphamide in COVID-19 – when an absolute contraindication is an absolute necessity
Authors: Bołtuć Kamila , Bielejewska Ada , Coloma-Millar Alejandro , Dziugieł Robert , Bociek Arkadiusz , Perkowska-Ptasińska Agnieszka , Jaroszyński Andrzej 
Published: October 2021

Background: Despite many studies on COVID-19, our knowledge of it remains incomplete. In some cases, treating SARS-CoV-2 infection concomitant with other diseases can be particularly challenging, as finding an appropriate treatment may involve some risks. Case presentation: A 34-year-old SARS-CoV-2 positive patient admitted due to fever, dyspnoea, haemoptysis and pneumonia, developed alveolar haemorrhage and acute kidney injury. Due to his severe state, abnormalities in laboratory tests and rapidly progressing loss of kidney function, kidney biopsy, as well as antibody panel were carried out, in which perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) were found with a high titer (>200; N: <1:20). The results of kidney biopsy, combined with clinical manifestation and laboratory findings prompted the diagnosis of rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis (RPGN) in the course of p-ANCA vasculitis. Initial treatment consisted of heamodialyses, remdesivir, plasmaphereses, intravenous immunoglobulins, antibiotics, corticosteroids and nadroparin. Once the haemorrhage had subsided, kidney function had been partially retrieved and heamodialyses had no longer been necessary, cyclophosphamide treatment was initiated, despite being contraindicated in COVID-19 according to its summary of product characteristics. Immunotherapy is still continued. The patient has already received a total of 2.4g of cyclophosphamide (4 cycles of 600mg each every three weeks). Pulmonary and radiological regression, as well as improvement of renal parameters have been achieved. Conclusions: We suspect that cyclophosphamide, the drug of choice in p-ANCA vasculitis, could be a potential factor providing regression of the radiological changes in the lungs and it could have prevented the patient from developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. COVID-19 diagnosis should not exclude searching for other diseases which can have a similar course. When treating a patient in a life-threatening condition, a departure from trying to find the perfect timing of cyclophosphamide delivery should be considered, as delaying it could cause potentially greater harm.
Investigating the impact of university image on international students’ participation behavior: An empirical study
Authors: Manzoor Shamima Raihan , Malarvizhi Chinnasamy Agamudai Nambi , Al-Mahmud Abdullah , Mahdee Junainah 
Published: October 2021

Background: The competition among higher education institutions (HEIs) around the world coupled with the rising mobility of international postgraduate students has created challenges for universities to maintain their competitive advantage. There is continuous emphasis from higher education administrators and governments on internationalization and creating global prominence in this sector. As an emerging hub in southeast Asia, Malaysia is no exception to this. Realizing this need for internationalization, this study has attempted to analyze the impact of university image as a higher-order formative construct on international students' participation behavior as a multidimensional construct. Methods: The sample of this study comprised 150 international students from public and private HEIs in Malaysia. The study focused on this group of students as their participation in university life and face-to-face interactions with university personnel have been significantly affected due to the restrictions on global travel during the COVID-19 pandemic. Purposive sampling was employed to select the respondents. A structured questionnaire based on a seven-point Likert scale was used to collect the responses. The hypothesized relationships of this cross-sectional study were examined using partial least square-based structured equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Results: The results showed that all the four hypotheses developed in relation to the dimensions of participation behavior were supported. This research outcome has evidenced that university image can influence international students’ participation behavior such as information seeking, and information sharing behavior that can be perceived as positive behavioral outcomes towards their respective HEIs. Conclusions: Since the present study was conducted in one country, future studies may reproduce this in other southeast Asian countries. While cross-validation to local students lies outside the scope of this study, this empirically tested behavior model offers practical implications for universities, particularly in this uncertain period where HEIs are going through tremendous challenges to uphold their strong rapport with international students.
A pilot study assessing the uptake of core outcome sets in health technology assessments
Authors: Cox Peter , R. Williamson Paula , Dodd Susanna 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Core outcome sets (COS) are an agreed standardised collection of outcomes created with representation from all key stakeholders (such as patients, clinicians, researchers), which should be reported as a minimum for all trials in that corresponding clinical area. There has been little research investigating the use of core outcomes in Health technology assessments (HTAs) and none in non-oncology HTAs. This study aimed to assess the similarity between COS and HTA outcomes. Methods: Ten COS published between 2015 and 2019 were selected, with patient participation taken as a proxy measure for a high quality COS. The INAHTA database was used as a source to identify relevant HTAs, which were accessed through the hyperlinks provided. Outcomes selected for these assessments were categorised as either a specific, partial or no match compared to the COS. An additional cohort of non-oncology HTAs published between 2019 and 2021 were identified from the NICE website and compared against a relevant COS. Results: Six hundred and fifty-one HTAs were matched to the ten COS areas, of which 119 were reviewed. Of a possible 1318 core outcome matches, there were 562 (43%) matches, 413 (31%) specific and 149 (11%) partial. NICE HTA matches against corresponding COS ranged from 44% to 100%, with a total of 78% (73/94) matches, 57 (61%) specific and 16 (17%) partial. Conclusion: Further work is required to promote the awareness and implementation of COS within HTAs. Improved uptake across NICE HTAs is encouraging, demonstrating acceptance of COS by HTA producers.
The benefits of mindfulness in mental healthcare professionals
Authors: Watson Tayler , Walker Owen , Cann Robin , Varghese Ashwin K 
Published: October 2021

Background: Burnout is a widely reported syndrome consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a lowered sense of accomplishment. Mindfulness practices have been shown to be useful in lowering distress and burnout in clinical and non-clinical cohorts. Our aim was to explore the potential personal and occupational benefits of a structured mindfulness intervention on a cohort of mental health professionals. A mixed-methods approach was utilised in order to enhance the exploratory power of the study. Methods: We conducted a pilot study involving healthcare practitioners employed at a community outpatient mental health clinic. As a pilot, we relied on a single group and implemented a quasi-experimental, simultaneous mixed methods design by incorporating both quantitative pre- and post- testing alongside written qualitative post-test responses. Results: Analysis of the data demonstrated a significant difference between overall mindfulness when comparing post-test (mean=140.8, standard deviation=18.9) with pre-test data (mean=128.3, standard deviation=28.6). Participants also showed a statistically significant difference in three of the subscales: observation, describing, and non-reactivity. A moderate effect size was seen for each of the above differences. Analysis of the qualitative data revealed a range of potential themes which may be used to explain the differences exhibited across participants’ personal and professional lives, which can be grouped into two thematic overarching groups: emotional reactivity and listening/communicating. Conclusions: The results of this pilot study indicate that a structured, six-week mindfulness program has the potential to benefit clinicians, personally by reducing emotional reactivity and professionally by promoting deep listening and communication.
Low-threshold InP quantum dot and InGaP quantum well visible lasers on silicon (001)
Authors: Dhingra Pankul , Su Patrick , Li Brian D. , Hool Ryan D. , Muhowski Aaron J. , Kim Mijung , Wasserman Daniel , Dallesasse John , Lee Minjoo Larry 
Published: October 2021

Monolithically combining silicon nitride (

S
i
N

x

) photonics technology with III-V active devices could open a broad range of on-chip applications spanning a wide wavelength range of

∼

400

−

4000

n
m

. With the development of nitride, arsenide, and antimonide lasers based on quantum well (QW) and quantum dot (QD) active regions, the wavelength palette of integrated III-V lasers on Si currently spans 400 nm to 11 µm, with a crucial gap in the red-wavelength regime of 630–750 nm. Here, we demonstrate red

I
n

0.6

G
a

0.4

P

QW and far-red InP QD lasers monolithically grown on CMOS-compatible Si (001) substrates with continuous-wave operation at room temperature. A low-threshold current density of

550

A

/

c
m

2

and

690

A

/

c
m

2

with emission at 680–730 nm was achieved for QW and QD lasers on Si, respectively. This work represents a step toward the integration of visible red lasers on Si, allowing the utilization of integrated photonics for applications including biophotonic sensing, quantum computing, and near-eye displays.
Challenges of the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme: Insights for school leaders and policy makers
Authors: Dickson Anisah , Perry Laura , Ledger Susan 
Published: October 2021

Policy makers in the US and several other countries are recommending that more schools offer an International Baccalaureate (IB) programme. However, little is known about the challenges that IB programmes present for teaching and learning particularly those meeting national curriculum. In this study, we examined the challenges of the IB’s Middle Years Programme (MYP), the least understood and researched of the IB programmes. Using a qualitative case study design, we conducted in-depth and semi-structured interviews with school leaders (n=7) and teachers (n=10) from three schools in Australia that previously offered the MYP. We used thematic analysis to generate the findings and the IB’s Standards and Practice framework to organize the reporting of findings. Participants shared perceived challenges related to philosophical factors, organizational dilemmas and complexities with integrating the MYP with Australia’s national curriculum. Understanding the organizational and leadership challenges that schools may face when offering the MYP can help policy makers promote the necessary conditions for successful program implementation.
A unified pH scale for all solvents: part I – intention and reasoning (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Radtke Valentin , Stoica Daniela , Leito Ivo , Camões Filomena , Krossing Ingo , Anes Bárbara , Roziková Matilda , Deleebeeck Lisa , Veltzé Sune , Näykki Teemu , Bastkowski Frank , Heering Agnes , Dániel Nagy , Quendera Raquel , Liv Lokman , Uysal Emrah , Lawrence Nathan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The definition of pH, its measurement and standard buffers, is well developed in aqueous solutions. Its definition in solvents other than water has been elaborated for a couple of solvents and their mixtures with water. However, the definition of a universal pH scale spanning all solvents and phases, not to mention standard procedures of measurement, is still a largely uncharted territory. UnipHied is a European collaboration and has the goal of putting the theoretical concept of an earlier introduced (2010) unified pHabs scale on a metrologically well-founded basis into practice. The pHabs scale enables the comparability of acidity between different phases. This article draws the connection of the concepts of unified acidity and secondary pH measurement.