bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid Detection and Inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2‐Spike Mutation‐Mediated Microthrombosis
Authors: Satta Sandro , Lai Angela , Cavallero Susana , Williamson Cayden , Chen Justin , Blázquez‐Medela Ana M. , Roustaei Mehrdad , Dillon Barbara J. , Ashammakhi Nureddin , Carlo Dino Di , Li Zhaoping , Sun Ren , Hsiai Tzung K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractActivation of endothelial cells following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection is thought to be the primary driver for the increasingly recognized thrombotic complications in coronavirus disease 2019 patients, potentially due to the SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike protein binding to the human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (hACE2). Vaccination therapies use the same Spike sequence or protein to boost host immune response as a protective mechanism against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. As a result, cases of thrombotic events are reported following vaccination. Although vaccines are generally considered safe, due to genetic heterogeneity, age, or the presence of comorbidities in the population worldwide, the prediction of severe adverse outcome in patients remains a challenge. To elucidate Spike proteins underlying patient‐specific‐vascular thrombosis, the human microcirculation environment is recapitulated using a novel microfluidic platform coated with human endothelial cells and exposed to patient specific whole blood. Here, the blood coagulation effect is tested after exposure to Spike protein in nanoparticles and Spike variant D614G in viral vectors and the results are corroborated using live SARS‐CoV‐2. Of note, two potential strategies are also examined to reduce blood clot formation, by using nanoliposome‐hACE2 and anti‐Interleukin (IL) 6 antibodies.
Descriptive and risk factor analysis of infantile cataracts: National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 2000–2011
Authors: Nalbandyan Marine , Howley Meredith M. , Cunniff Christopher M. , Leckman‐Westin Emily , Browne Marilyn L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUsing National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) data, we sought to estimate birth prevalence, describe clinical characteristics, and examine risk factors for infantile cataracts. We calculated birth prevalence using the numbers of NBDPS‐eligible cataract cases and live births in the study area. We described case infants by the presence of associated ipsilateral eye defects (IEDs) and non‐eye‐related major birth defects. Using maternal exposure information collected via telephone interview, we conducted logistic regression analyses among the interviewed cases and controls. Birth prevalence of infantile cataracts was 1.07/10,000 live births. Unilateral cataracts were more often associated with IEDs, while infants with bilateral cataracts were more often preterm, full‐term with low birth weight, or had non‐eye‐related major birth defects. Unilateral cataracts were positively associated with maternal nulliparity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18, 2.20; reference: multiparity), whereas bilateral cataracts were positively associated with maternal education <12 years (aOR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.13, 3.82; reference: education >12 years), and foreign‐born nativity (aOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.04, 3.52; reference: U.S.‐born nativity). The current analysis can inform future epidemiological studies aimed at identifying mechanisms underlying the associations between infantile cataracts and complex maternal exposures, such as lower levels of education and foreign‐born nativity.
Fisetin, a major component derived from mulberry (Morus australis Poir.) leaves, prevents vascular abnormal contraction
Authors: Tsurudome Natsuko , Minami Yuji , Kajiya Katsuko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMulberry (Morus australis Poir.) leaves have long been consumed in the form of tea or tincture especially in Asia, owing to their high antioxidant and blood pressure‐regulating properties. Although it is thought that vascular abnormal contraction may be involved in the blood pressure‐suppressing effect, the effect of mulberry on vascular abnormal contraction is still unknown. Therefore, we investigated mulberry leaves as a potential source of bioactive compounds that prevent vascular abnormal contraction. Mulberry leaves were divided into fresh leaves and tea leaves and further classified according to the age of the tree: more or less than 20 years old, into roasted and unroasted. Mulberry fruits were also evaluated. We assessed the preventive effect of mulberry extracts on vascular abnormal contraction. Extracts from mulberry leaves of trees more than 20 years old showed a strong preventive effect on vascular abnormal contraction of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Therefore, to identify the active components in mulberry leaves, we fractionated the active fractions by gel filtration chromatography and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. The active fraction was further analyzed by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance; an active component of the mulberry leaf extract was fisetin. In addition, our results indicated that the hydroxyl group at the C‐3 position of fisetin is crucial for its activity. These results prove that fisetin is effective in preventing vascular abnormal contraction. Overall, mulberry leaves and fisetin are expected to be used in a wide range of fields such as functional foods, nutraceuticals, and drug targets.
Intercontinental collaboration in clinical trials for children and adolescents with cancer—A systematic review by ACCELERATE
Authors: de Rojas Teresa , Pearson Andrew J. , Scobie Nicole , Knox Leona , Wariabharaj Darshan , Kearns Pamela , Vassal Gilles , Reaman Gregory 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundSince pediatric cancer drug development is a global enterprise, we sought to provide an overview of the landscape of intercontinental clinical trials in pediatric oncology opened over the last decade.MethodsClinicalTrials.gov was systematically searched to identify all clinical therapeutic trials which opened between 2010 and 2020 and recruited pediatric patients (<18 years) with cancer.ResultsOver the last 10 years, 295 (8.7%) of 3383 therapeutic pediatric cancer trials were international and 182 (5.4%) were intercontinental. Most intercontinental trials were phase‐1 or 2, with 25% late‐phase, 65% were sponsored by industry, and North America was involved in 92%. Industry‐sponsored proportionally more phase‐1 trials than academia (41% vs. 25%); conversely, academia sponsored more phase‐2 and late‐phase trials (39% and 31% vs. 36% and 21%, respectively) (p = 0.020). North America–Europe collaboration was predominantly industry sponsored as opposed to North America–Oceania and Europe–Oceania collaboration, more frequently academic (p < 0.0001). Most late‐phase trials (18/20, 90%) focusing on pediatric malignancies were conducted by academic sponsors and 10 of these were conducted by Children's Oncology Group (COG)/National Cancer Institute in the United States and Oceania. There was no significant increase over time of intercontinental trials and a trend for a reduction in academic trials.ConclusionsDespite the relative rarity of childhood malignancies, especially within molecular subtypes, only 5.4% of pediatric cancer trials were intercontinental. The number of intercontinental trials remains small, with no significant increase over the last decade. The ACCELERATE International Collaboration Working Group aims to identify existing hurdles and propose solutions to improve intercontinental collaboration in clinical research for the benefit of children and adolescents with cancer.
SEPIC converter in discontinuous conduction mode: Small signal modeling and analysis
Authors: Agrawal Amit , Shrivastava Ashish , Singh Kulwant , Mahato Bidyut , Tiwari Shubham , Rai Amit 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, a new approach is applied to solve the small signal state space average (SSA) model for pulse width modulated (PWM) single ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) under discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) of operation. Authors proposed a novel approach to get duty ratio constrains that is based on variation of current in inductor. The approach used a unique correction matrix (M) in the modeling process and obtained better results for DCM. To demonstrate the whole technique, the SEPIC‐based power supply of 75 W is designed and system loop gain is derived with the help of this new technique. The frequency response of the proposed system is captured with the help of linearization technique using MATLAB Simulink platform. The frequency plot from the proposed techniques is much closer to simulation results as compared to conventional method. This claims high predictions for dc–dc converter operating in DCM with wide range of input supply. The proposed model is analyzed with previous SSA small signal modeling for comparative results on the basis of frequency analysis and stability. The experiment results of designed power supply have shown good power quality performance at 220‐V AC mains for light‐emitting diode (LED) lighting application.
Using an alternatives assessment framework to evaluate waterborne versus solventborne basecoats used in automotive refinishing
Authors: Brown Lawrence A. , Fisk Grace , Cohen Martin A. , Crollard Allison , Whittaker Stephen G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We evaluated two types of automotive basecoats used in automotive refinishing (i.e., in auto body shops): waterborne and solventborne. The primary tool we used for this evaluation was the Alternatives Assessment Guide (version 1.0) developed by the Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse (IC2). The term “solventborne,” as used in this article, refers to products that contain relatively high concentrations of volatile organic compounds (referred to as “high-volatile organic compound [VOC] basecoats” in the industry). These products are distinct from the “low-VOC” solventborne products used widely in California and elsewhere. From a health and environmental hazard perspective, our evaluation found that waterborne basecoats contained fewer hazardous ingredients and at lower concentrations than their solventborne counterparts. Automotive painters who spray-painted vehicles with waterborne products experienced significantly lower exposures to several harmful solvents. Waterborne products are readily available and offer advantages with regard to social impacts. Some of these advantages include lower worker and community exposure to VOCs, reduced VOC release and smog formation, and reduced potential for generation of and exposure to hazardous waste. Based on our assessment in auto body shops, we consider waterborne basecoats to be safer alternatives from both a human health and environmental perspective. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1101–1113. Published 2021. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
KEY POINTS
We evaluated waterborne vs. solventborne automotive basecoats using an alternatives assessment framework. Waterborne basecoats contained fewer hazardous ingredients and at lower concentrations than their solventborne counterparts and offered additional advantages with regard to several other factors. We conclude that waterborne basecoats are safer and commercially viable alternatives to solventborne products.
Inhibition of hypoxia‐induced Mucin 1 alters the proteomic composition of human osteoblast‐produced extracellular matrix, leading to reduced osteogenic and angiogenic potential
Authors: Jadaun Pavitra K. , Zhang Shuang , Koedam Marijke , Demmers Jeroen , Chatterjee Suvro , van Leeuwen Johannes P. , van der Eerden Bram C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe bone microenvironment is one of the most hypoxic regions of the human body and in experimental models; hypoxia inhibits osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Our previous work revealed that Mucin 1 (MUC1) was dynamically expressed during osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs and upregulated by hypoxia. Upon stimulation, its C‐terminus (MUC1‐CT) is proteolytically cleaved, translocases to the nucleus, and binds to promoters of target genes. Therefore, we assessed the MUC1‐mediated effect of hypoxia on the proteomic composition of human osteoblast‐derived extracellular matrices (ECMs) and characterized their osteogenic and angiogenic potentials in the produced ECMs. We generated ECMs from osteogenically differentiated human MSC cultured in vitro under 20% or 2% oxygen with or without GO‐201, a MUC1‐CT inhibitor. Hypoxia upregulated MUC1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and connective tissue growth factor independent of MUC1 inhibition, whereas GO‐201 stabilized hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha. Hypoxia and/or MUC1‐CT inhibition reduced osteogenic differentiation of human MSC by AMP‐activated protein kinase/mTORC1/S6K pathway and dampened their matrix mineralization. Hypoxia modulated ECMs by transforming growth factor‐beta/Smad and phosphorylation of NFκB and upregulated COL1A1, COL5A1, and COL5A3. The ECMs of hypoxic osteoblasts reduced MSC proliferation and accelerated their osteogenic differentiation, whereas MUC1‐CT‐inhibited ECMs counteracted these effects.In addition, ECMs generated under MUC1‐CT inhibition reduced the angiogenic potential independent of oxygen concentration. We claim here that MUC1 is critical for hypoxia‐mediated changes during osteoblastogenesis, which not only alters the proteomic landscape of the ECM but thereby also modulates its osteogenic and angiogenic potentials.
Comparative long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma located in the anterolateral segments of the liver
Authors: Kim Sungho , Yoon Chang Jin , Cho Jai Young , Han Ho‐Seong , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Lee Hae Won , Lee Jun Suh , Kim Moonhwan , Lee Boram , Ahn Soyeon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is considered the standard surgical approach for resecting small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) located in the anterolateral segments of the liver. However, few studies have compared LLR and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in such cases.MethodsWe retrospectively compared the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of 101 patients who underwent LLR and 264 patients who underwent RFA because of a newly diagnosed single, small (≤4 cm) HCC located in the anterolateral segments of the liver. By applying 1:1 propensity score matching, we matched 61 patients in both groups.ResultsAlthough the 5‐year overall survival rates were similar (83.6% vs 84.5%; P = .913), the 5‐year disease‐free survival rate was greater in the LLR group (56.4% vs 41.8%; P = .009). In patients with an α‐fetoprotein level of ≥100 ng/mL, the 5‐year overall (100% vs 80.0%; P = .022) and disease‐free survival (76.6% vs 45.5%; P = .006) rates were greater in the LCC group.ConclusionsFor patients with a single, small HCC located in the anterolateral segments of the liver, LLR was associated with similar complication and overall survival rates, but better disease‐free survival compared with RFA. LLR may be recommended for patients with higher α‐fetoprotein levels.
Liver stiffness‐based score at sustained virologic response predicts liver‐related complications after eradication of hepatitis C virus
Authors: Kuo Yuan‐Hung , Kee Kwong‐Ming , Hung Chao‐Hung , Lu Sheng‐Nan , Hu Tsung‐Hui , Chen Chien‐Hung , Wang Jing‐Houng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo determine whether liver stiffness (LS) and fibrosis‐4 (Fib‐4) index were useful in assessing the occurrence of liver‐related complications (LRC) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients after direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) had been administered. This retrospective study enrolled CHC patients achieving sustained virological response (SVR) after DAA. A total of 697 (male/female: 294/403, mean age: 63.8 year) patients with measured LS and complete lab data at SVR were enrolled, followed, and analyzed. In a median follow‐up of 21.4 months after SVR, 39 patients developed LRC including 28 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with the 30‐month cumulative incidence of LRC and HCC being 7.7% and 5.1%, respectively. Predictions of occurrence of LRC and HCC were 0.820 and 0.774 for LS, and 0.775 and 0.737 for Fib‐4, with optimal cutoffs of LS and Fib‐4 being 14.5 kPa and 2.9 for LRC prediction. In multivariate analysis, LS was associated with the occurrence of LRC (hazard ratio: 3.97, 95% confidence interval [1.866, 8.446], p < 0.001) after adjustment for Fib‐4 and diabetes. A risk‐score system combining LS, Fib‐4, and diabetes was developed for LRC risk assessment. Patients were stratified into low‐ (score 0–1), intermediate‐ (score 2–3), and high‐risk (score 4) groups with LRC cumulative incidences of 1.7%, 14.9%, and 36.4%, respectively (p < 0.001). For patients with CHC after DAA, the risk scoring system based on LS, Fib‐4, and diabetes was useful to assess the risk of LRC development during follow‐up; accordingly, it would be advantageous for clinicians to set up more personalized and cost‐effective strategies of surveillance.
Effectiveness of a nursing innovation workshop at enhancing nurses’ innovation abilities: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Gao Limei , Lu Qiaocong , Hou Xiangchuan , Ou Jiefen , Wang Mingzhu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the effectiveness of nursing innovation workshop in enhancing clinical nurses’ innovation ability and research ability in a tertiary hospital.DesignA quasi‐experimental study design.MethodsThirty‐seven recruited nurses participated in a nursing innovation workshop for half a year in a tertiary hospital in Guangdong between June 2019 and March 2020. Questionnaire data on the nurses’ self‐rated innovation and research abilities were collected before the training and 3 months after completing the training. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to analyse differences within the group before and after the intervention. The level for statistical significance was set at p ≤ .05 (two‐tailed).ResultsNurses’ self‐rated innovation ability (p < .001, 95% confidence interval 12.79 to 15.05) and research ability (p < .001, 95% confidence interval 14.39 to 19.09) improved significantly after the training. Since the whole design lacked a control group, the study needs to be further verified in more hospitals and among more nurses.
Computational insights into themulti‐Diels–Alderreactions of neutralC60and its Li+encapsulated analogue: A density functional theory study
Authors: Ash Tamalika , Banerjee Soumadip , Debnath Tanay , Das Abhijit K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe exohedral functionalization of encapsulated fullerenes (such as Diels–Alder reaction) gives rise to wide‐ranging derivatives that are useful for potential applications. Though the oligo‐adducts have significant uses in material and biological sciences, they are hardly investigated due to experimental limitations. To shed light on that unexplored area, we have computationally investigated the sequential Diels–Alder reactions, that is, multi‐Diels–Alder (MDA) reaction of neutral C60and its Li+‐encapsulated derivative with 1,3‐butadiene in the present venture employing density functional theory. The computational reports available to date illustrate that the reactivity of neutral C60can be significantly stimulated by the encapsulation of alkali/alkaline earth metal atoms/ions within the fullerene cage. However, the effect of encapsulation has been examined for the Diels–Alder reaction of fullerene derivatives up to bis‐functionalization. Therefore, in the present study, we aim to investigate the kinetic and thermodynamic feasibility of multiple butadiene attachments (beyond two) to the neutral C60surface and also the impact of Li+encapsulation on the reaction mentioned above. We have shown that the MDA reaction initiates with the formation of an encounter complex between the mono‐functionalized fullerene product and the second butadiene molecule. In this context, two different approaches, namely “direct” and “alternative” have been considered depending on the second butadiene attachment to check whether the first functionalization makes the rest of the double bonds in‐equivalent toward the second butadiene addition or not. Each of the reaction steps following these two approaches eventually forms the same tetra‐functionalized final product with a high degree of exothermicity value, thus making the overall reaction thermodynamically facile. The positive impact of Li+encapsulation is well‐understood from the diminished activation barrier and more negative exothermicity value compared to neutral C60in each step of the MDA procedure. Moreover, just like the mono‐ and bis‐functionalization reported earlier, the regio‐selectivity is also retained in the MDA procedure. Overall, the present study will foresee an extensive idea about the detailed mechanism of the MDA reactions on neutral C60and its Li+encapsulated analogue, which will be helpful for further progress in the field of fullerene chemistry.
Application of the anatomical fiducials framework to a clinical dataset of patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Abbass Mohamad , Gilmore Greydon , Taha Alaa , Chevalier Ryan , Jach Magdalena , Peters Terry M. , Khan Ali R. , Lau Jonathan C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEstablishing spatial correspondence between subject and template images is necessary in neuroimaging research and clinical applications such as brain mapping and stereotactic neurosurgery. Our anatomical fiducial (AFID) framework has recently been validated to serve as a quantitative measure of image registration based on salient anatomical features. In this study, we sought to apply the AFIDs protocol to the clinic, focusing on structural magnetic resonance images obtained from patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We confirmed AFIDs could be placed to millimetric accuracy in the PD dataset with results comparable to those in normal control subjects. We evaluated subject-to-template registration using this framework by aligning the clinical scans to standard template space using a robust open preprocessing workflow. We found that registration errors measured using AFIDs were higher than previously reported, suggesting the need for optimization of image processing pipelines for clinical grade datasets. Finally, we examined the utility of using point-to-point distances between AFIDs as a morphometric biomarker of PD, finding evidence of reduced distances between AFIDs that circumscribe regions known to be affected in PD including the substantia nigra. Overall, we provide evidence that AFIDs can be successfully applied in a clinical setting and utilized to provide localized and quantitative measures of registration error. AFIDs provide clinicians and researchers with a common, open framework for quality control and validation of spatial correspondence and the location of anatomical structures, facilitating aggregation of imaging datasets and comparisons between various neurological conditions.