bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN KOAGULAN ALAMI DARI CAMPURAN KITOSAN DAN BIJI ASAM JAWA PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH PENYAMAKAN KULIT
Authors: Shabrina Rezka Wilda , Hardjono Hardjono 
Published: August 2021

Industri penyamakan kulit termasuk salah satu industri yang mengeluarkan limbah cair dalam volume cukup besar. Pada penyamakan 1 ton kulit basah diperlukan air ± 40 m3 dan kemudian dibuang sebagai limbah cair yang tercampur dengan bahan kimia sisa proses dan komponen kulit yang terlarut selama penyamakan. Limbah cair industri penyamakan kulit dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan karena mengandung logam berat seperti krom (Cr), sehingga sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan harus melalui proses pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Salah satu proses pengolahan limbah cair adalah dengan metode koagulasi flokulasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan penambahan koagulan dan kecepatan pengadukan terhadap penurunan kadar krom, TSS, pH, serta turbiditas. Selain itu juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan penambahan koagulan dan kecepatan pengadukan yang optimal terhadap penurunan kadar krom, TSS, pH, serta turbiditas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode secara batch. Koagulan yang digunakan berupa koagulan alami dari campuran biji asam jawa dan kitosan. Proses koagulasi flokulasi ini menggunakan tiga variabel kecepatan pengaduk serta empat variabel perbandingan dosis koagulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan kondisi optimum pada penambahan koagulan 75% biji asam jawa dengan 25% kitosan pada kecepatan 25 rpm dapat menurunkan kadar krom mencapai 95,86%, penurunan nilai TSS mencapai 95,24%, serta penurunan turbiditas mencapai 49,73%.
Efficacy and Safety of Moxibustion for Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Qiqi , Hu Hantong , Han Dexiong , Gao Hong 
Published: August 2021

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common complications of herpes zoster (HZ), and there is still a lack of effective therapies. An increasing number of studies have found that compared to traditional therapy, moxibustion treatment is beneficial for the treatment of PHN, although current evidence remains inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion for PHN.Methods: We conducted a broad literature review of a range of databases from inception to December 2020, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Clinical Trails, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP), China Biomedical Network Information, and Wanfang databases. We included RCTs that compared moxibustion to pharmacological therapies, herbal medicine, or no treatment for treating PHN. The main outcome measure was efficacy rate and Visual Analog Scale (VAS); the secondary outcome measure was adverse events. Data accumulation and synthesis included meta-analysis, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, risk-of-bias assessment, and adverse events.Results: We included 13 RCTs involving 798 patients. Compared with the controls (pharmacological therapies, herbal medicine, or no treatment), moxibustion achieved a significantly higher efficacy rate (odds ratio [OR]: 3.65; 95% [confidence interval]: [2.32, 5.72]; P &lt; 0.00001). Subgroup analysis of the distinct moxibustion modalities showed that both Zhuang medicine medicated thread and thunder-fire moxibustions obtained higher clinical efficacy than the control group. Compared with the controls, moxibustion resulted in significantly lower scores on the VAS (Weighted Mean Difference (MD) = −1.79; 95% CI: [−2.26, −1.33]; P &lt; 0.00001). However, there was no significant difference in terms of safety between moxibustion and the controls (OR = 0.33; 95% CI [0.06, 1.77]; P = 0.19).Conclusion: Due to the lack of methodological quality as well as the significant heterogeneity of the included studies, it remains difficult to draw a firm conclusion on the efficacy and safety of moxibustion for the treatment of PHN. Future high-quality studies are urgently needed.
Effects of Anterior Borderzone Angle Grading on Predicting the 90-Day Prognosis After Recanalization of Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Authors: Chen Ying , Hong Quanlong , Liu Junpeng , Zheng Zhen , He Yingchao , Chen Shuheng , Wang Canxiong , Cai Mengjuan , Cheng Qiong , Wang Yinzhou , Li Yongkun 
Published: August 2021

Objective: This work explores collateral circulation metrics, such as the anterior borderzone angle grading (ABZA-grading), as a predictor of the prognosis in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) following endovascular treatment (EVT).Methods: Clinical data from 108 patients with acute MCAO, treated by EVT, were retrospectively analyzed. In patients with MCAO, ABZA is the angle between the median line of the sagittal sinus and the borderzone of the pial arterioles of ACA and MCA, and the ABZA/23.0° was rounded to obtain the corresponding collateral circulation score (ABZA-grading). In parallel, the primary outcome was defined as the 90-day clinical outcome by modified ranking scale score (mRS). Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the independent predictors of the 90-day clinical outcome (mRS). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to judge the predictive value of ABZA.Results: Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that ABZA-grading &gt; 2 and age were independent predictors of the 90-day clinical outcome after EVT in patients with acute MCAO. The ROC analysis showed that ABZA alone could predict a favorable 90-day clinical outcome with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.868. Using an ABZA of &gt;57.8° (the corresponding ABZA-grading of &gt;2) as the cut-off value, the predictive sensitivity and specificity were 75.7 and 88.7%, respectively. Contingency table analysis showed a statistical difference in mRS score between ABZA-grading subgroups, and ABZA-grading between stroke caused by large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and cardiogenic embolism (CE).Conclusion: The ABZA-grading is an easy and objective assessment of collateral circulation that is independently associated with short-time clinical outcome after EVT in patients with acute MCAO. Therefore, it may guide selection of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) suitable for EVT. The ABZA-grading of collateral circulation can be a supplemental metric to help differentiate stroke by LAA and CE.
MRI DTI and PDFF as Biomarkers for Lower Motor Neuron Degeneration in ALS
Authors: Lichtenstein Thorsten , Sprenger Alina , Weiss Kilian , Große Hokamp Nils , Maintz David , Schlamann Marc , Fink Gereon R. , Lehmann Helmar C. , Henning Tobias D. 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the utility of nerve magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and muscle MRI multi-echo Dixon for assessing lower motor neuron (LMN) degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsIn this prospective observational cohort study, 14 patients with ALS and 13 healthy controls underwent a multiparametric MRI protocol, including DTI of the sciatic nerve and assessment of muscle proton density fat fraction of the biceps femoris and the quadriceps femoris muscles by a multi-echo Dixon sequence.ResultsIn ALS patients, mean fractional anisotropy values of the sciatic nerve were significantly lower than those of healthy controls. The quadriceps femoris, but not the biceps femoris muscle, showed significantly higher intramuscular fat fractions in ALS.InterpretationOur study provides evidence that multiparametric MRI protocols might help estimate structural nerve damage and neurogenic muscle changes in ALS.
The Efficacy of Pyrotinib as a Third- or Higher-Line Treatment in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Exposed to Lapatinib Compared to Lapatinib-Naive Patients: A Real-World Study
Authors: Ouyang D. J , Chen Q. T , Anwar M. , Xie N. , Ouyang Q. C. , Fan P. Z. , Qian L. Y. , Chen G. N. , Zhou E. X. , Guo L. , Gu X. W. , Ding B. N. , Yang X. H. , Liu L. P. , Deng C. , Xiao Z. , Li J. , Wang Y. Q. , Zeng S. , Wang Shouman , Yi Wenjun 
Published: August 2021

Background: Pyrotinib is a novel irreversible pan-ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Evidence of the efficacy of pyrotinib-based treatments for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in patients exposed to lapatinib is limited.Methods: Ninety-four patients who received pyrotinib as a third- or higher-line treatment for HER2-positive MBC were included in this retrospective study. The primary and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis were implemented to balance important patient characteristics between groups.Results: Thirty (31.9%) patients were pretreated with lapatinib and subsequently received pyrotinib as an anti-HER2 treatment, and 64 (68.1%) patients did not receive this treatment. The OS and PFS indicated a beneficial trend in lapatinib-naive group compared to lapatinib-treated group in either the original cohort (PFS: 9.02 vs 6.36 months, p = 0.05; OS: 20.73 vs 14.35 months, p = 0.08) or the PSM (PFS: 9.02 vs 6.08 months, p = 0.07; OS: 19.07 vs 18.00 months, p = 0.61) or IPTW (PFS: 9.90 vs 6.17 months, p = 0.05; OS: 19.53 vs 15.10 months, p = 0.08) cohorts. Subgroup analyses demonstrated lapatinib treatment-related differences in PFS in the premenopausal subgroup and the no prior trastuzumab treatment subgroup, but no significant differences were observed in OS.Conclusion: Pyrotinib-based therapy demonstrated promising effects in HER2-positive MBC patients in a real-world study, especially in lapatinib-naive patients, and also some activity in lapatinib-treated patients.
Sex- and Age-Related Physiological Profiles for Brachial, Vertebral, Carotid, and Femoral Arteries Blood Flow Velocity Parameters During Growth and Aging (4–76 Years): Comparison With Clinical Cut-Off Levels
Authors: Zócalo Yanina , Bia Daniel 
Published: August 2021

Ultrasound-derived blood flow velocity (BFV) levels [e.g., peak systolic velocity (PSV)], intrabeat indexes (e.g., resistive), and intersegment ratios [e.g., internal/common carotid artery (ICA/CCA) PSV ratio] are assessed to describe cardiovascular physiology and health status (e.g., disease severity evaluation and/or risk stratification). In this respect, fixed cut-off values (disregard of age or sex) have been proposed to define “significant” vascular disease from BFV-derived data (parameters). However, the use of single fixed cut-off values has limitations. Accurate use of BFV-derived parameters requires knowing their physiological age-related profiles and the expected values for a specific subject. To our knowledge, there are no studies that have characterized BFV profiles in large populations taking into account: (i) data from different age-stages (as a continuous) and transitions (childhood–adolescence–adulthood), (ii) complementary parameters, (iii) data from different arteries, and (iv) potential sex- and hemibody-related differences. Furthermore, (v) there is little information regarding normative data [reference intervals (RIs)] for BFV indexes.Aims: The aims of this study are the following: (a) to determine the need for age-, body side-, and sex-specific profiles for BFV levels and derived parameters (intrabeat indexes and intersegment ratios), and (b) to define RIs for BFV levels and parameters, obtained from CCA, ICA, external carotid, vertebral, femoral, and brachial arteries records.Methods: A total of 3,619 subjects (3–90 years) were included; 1,152 were healthy (without cardiovascular disease and atheroma plaques) and non-exposed to cardiovascular risk factors. BFV data were acquired. The agreement between left and right data was analyzed (Concordance correlation, Bland–Altman). Mean and SD equations and age-related profiles were obtained for BFV levels and parameters (regression methods; fractional polynomials).Results: Left and right body-side derived data were not always equivalent. The need for sex-specific RIs was dependent on the parameter and/or age considered. RIs were defined for each studied artery and parameter. Percentile curves were compared with recommended fixed cut-off points. The equations for sex, body-side, and age-specific BFV physiological profiles obtained in the large population (of children, adolescents, and adults) studied were included (spreadsheet formats), enabling to determine for a particular subject, the expected values and potential data deviations.
Gender Difference in Pain Management Among Adult Cancer Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Assessment
Authors: Alodhayani Abdulaziz , Almutairi Khalid M. , Vinluan Jason M. , Alsadhan Norah , Almigbal Turky H. , Alonazi Wadi B. , Batais Mohammed Ali 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo compare gender differences in pain management among adult cancer patients in Saudi Arabia and to explore the predictors associated with attitudinal barriers of cancer patients to pain management.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 325 cancer patients from tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia.ResultOf the total participants, 67.4% were women (N = 219) and 32.6% were men (N = 106). The overall mean scores of the attitudinal barriers questionnaire were 49.51 ± 13.73 in men and 54.80 ± 22.53 in women. The analysis shows significant differences in scores in subscales of tolerance (men = 7.48 ± 2.37), (women = 8.41 ± 3.01) (p = 0.003) and fear of distraction in the course of treatment (men = 6.55 ± 1.34), and (women = 7.15 ± 2.63) (p = 0.008). Female patients reported a more moderate to severe level of pain than men (worst pain in last week of 7.07 ± 1.50, worst pain in last week of 5.84 ± 2.65, respectively). Splitting by gender, the significant predictor for physiology effect domains in male cancer patients includes age, marital status, employment status, monthly income, cancer type, and presence of comorbid disease (p &lt; 0.050). Age was a significant predictor of the domains of fatalism, communication, and harmful effects (p &lt; 0.050) among female cancer patients.ConclusionThe present study revealed significant differences between men and women with attitudinal barriers to cancer pain management. Managing pain requires the involvement of all methods in a comprehensive manner, thus unalleviated pain influences the patient’s psychological or cognitive aspect.
Aktualisasi Nilai Hirs dan Amanah terhadap Perilaku Mahasiswa PGMI Fakultas Tarbiyah IPMAFA
Authors: Hariroh Ulya 
Published: August 2021

Nilai Dasar Shalih Akram (NDSA) merupakan nilai-nilai pesantren yang menjadi landasan pengembangan bagi Institut Pesantren Mathali’ul Falah (IPMAFA) Pati. NDSA dengan 9 nilai + 1 harus diaktualisasikan dalam kehidupan kampus, termasuk bagi mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana aktualisasi nilai Hirs dan Amanah (bagian dari NDSA) terhadap perilaku mahasiswa PGMI Fakultas Tarbiyah IPMAFA. Penelitian diskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif ini menggunakan wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan penelusuran online untuk mengumpulkan data. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis interaktif dengna teorinya Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktualisasi nilai hirs dan amanah dalam konsep NDSA terhadap perilaku mahasiswa PGMI Fakultas Tarbiyah IPMAFA sudah diupayakan dengan ikhtiyar dari berbagai pihak. Adapun langkah-langkah aktualisasinya yakni dengan adanya keteladanan, kedisplinan, pembiasaan, serta program integrasi dan internalisasi.
La biblioteca
Authors: Acuña Luisa Fernanda 
Published: August 2021

Este artículo es una reseña sobre la obra: Método Invariante para la Enseñanza de la lectura'' Una, aproximación histórico cultural de los autores Yulia Solovieva y Luis Quintanar. se describen de manera detallada los fundamentos teóricos de la neuropsicología y la psicopedagogía, en los que se basan los autores para desarrollar el método. Se describe también el método invariante en sus diferentes etapas. La autoria incluyendo algunos comentarios acerca del proceso descrito para la enseñanza de la lectura haciendo énfasis de la importancia de conocer de manera profunda los procesos cognoscitivos del sujeto que aprende para desarrollar desde allí propuestas didácticas que faciliten el aprendizaje de procesos tan complejos como la lectura.
EXPERIENCE IN USING ULTRA HIGH
PERFORMANCE FIBER REINFORCED
CONCRETE ELEMENTS
Authors: MARCHENKO Maxim , CHILIN Igor , SELYUTIN Nikita 
Published: August 2021

The article presents examples of the use of
ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete
for load-bearing structures in Russia.
Using this material with limits of compressive
strength 150 MPa, flexural tensile strength
21 MPa, tensile strength 8.5 MPa, external
post-tensioned structures of bridges and tanks
are made instead of common solution with the
steel anchors.
Full-scale tests of anchors were carried out,
which did not reveal signs of deformations and
destruction of elements during the tension of
strands, at the level of design and ultimate
loads - before strands rupture.
It was concluded that it is advisable to replace
steel anchors with anchors from the
material, which, with high strength characteristics,
has ultra-low permeability and high
frost resistance corresponding to the F21000 class. The estimated economic effect of such a replacement is determined by the reduced
cost of these elements of structures made
of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced
concrete in comparison with steel.
Visible-light Phase Curves from the Second Year of the TESS Primary Mission
Authors: Wong Ian , Kitzmann Daniel , Shporer Avi , Heng Kevin , Fetherolf Tara , Benneke Björn , Daylan Tansu , Kane Stephen R. , Vanderspek Roland , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Ting Eric B. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We carried out a systematic study of full-orbit phase curves for known transiting systems in the northern ecliptic sky that were observed during Year 2 of the TESS primary mission. We applied the same methodology for target selection, data processing, and light-curve fitting as we did in our Year 1 study. Out of the 15 transiting systems selected for analysis, seven—HAT-P-7, KELT-1, KELT-9, KELT-16, KELT-20, Kepler-13A, and WASP-12—show statistically significant secondary eclipses and day–night atmospheric brightness modulations. Small eastward dayside hot-spot offsets were measured for KELT-9b and WASP-12b. KELT-1, Kepler-13A, and WASP-12 show additional phase-curve variability attributed to the tidal distortion of the host star; the amplitudes of these signals are consistent with theoretical predictions. We combined occultation measurements from TESS and Spitzer to compute dayside brightness temperatures, TESS-band geometric albedos, Bond albedos, and phase integrals for several systems. The new albedo values solidify the previously reported trend between dayside temperature and geometric albedo for planets with 1500 K < T
day < 3000 K. For Kepler-13Ab, we carried out an atmospheric retrieval of the full secondary eclipse spectrum, which revealed a noninverted temperature–pressure profile, significant H2O and K absorption in the near-infrared, evidence for strong optical atmospheric opacity due to sodium, and a confirmation of the high geometric albedo inferred from our simpler analysis. We explore the implications of the phase integrals (ratios of Bond to geometric albedos) for understanding exoplanet clouds. We also report updated transit ephemerides for all of the systems studied in this work.
Observations of the Bright Star in the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)
Authors: Dixon W. V. , Chayer Pierre , Miller Bertolami M. M. , Sosa Fiscella S. V. , Benjamin R. A. , Dupree A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Bright Star in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae (NGC 104) is a post-asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) star of spectral type B8 III. The ultraviolet spectra of late-B stars exhibit myriad absorption features, many due to species unobservable from the ground. The Bright Star thus represents a unique window into the chemistry of 47 Tuc. We have analyzed observations obtained with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer, the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, and the Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle Spectrograph on the Magellan Telescope. By fitting these data with synthetic spectra, we determine various stellar parameters (T
eff = 10,850 ± 250 K,

log
g
=
2.20
±
0.13

) and the photospheric abundances of 26 elements, including Ne, P, Cl, Ga, Pd, In, Sn, Hg, and Pb, which have not previously been published for this cluster. Abundances of intermediate-mass elements (Mg through Ga) generally scale with Fe, while the heaviest elements (Pd through Pb) have roughly solar abundances. Its low C/O ratio indicates that the star did not undergo third dredge-up and suggests that its heavy elements were made by a previous generation of stars. If so, this pattern should be present throughout the cluster, not just in this star. Stellar-evolution models suggest that the Bright Star is powered by a He-burning shell, having left the AGB during or immediately after a thermal pulse. Its mass (0.54 ± 0.16M
⊙) implies that single stars in 47 Tuc lose 0.1–0.2 M
⊙ on the AGB, only slightly less than they lose on the red giant branch.
Search for Collisionally Pumped 1720 MHz OH Masers in Star-forming Regions: A VLA Survey of 18 cm OH Masers toward 80 Class I Methanol Masers
Authors: Bayandina O. S. , Val’tts I. E. , Kurtz S. E. , Shakhvorostova N. N. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Class I methanol masers (cIMMs) and 1720 MHz OH masers are believed to arise from a common collisional pumping mechanism, and both trace shocked gas regions in supernova remnants (SNRs). However, their coexistence in star formation regions (SFRs) and their association with a front of bipolar outflow (a source of shock-stimulated collisional pumping) remain unclear. To search for collisionally pumped OH(1720) masers, we conducted a Very Large Array survey of the 18 cm OH masers and continuum emission toward a sample of 80 SFRs associated with 44 GHz cIMMs. Main-line OH maser emission was detected in 50% of the sample, and OH(1720) maser emission was detected in 20%. Continuum emission was detected in 28% of sources. A catalog of the detected OH masers is presented. Individual OH masers are found in close proximity, and the regions of masers of different transitions are often overlapping. A typical linear projected offset between the OH(1720) and OH(1665) masers is ∼0.04 pc. A remarkable number of ∼81% of the OH(1720) masers are associated with the continuum emission. The median separation between the targeted 44 GHz cIMMs and OH(1720) masers is ∼0.2 pc, which is similar to reported distances between cIMMs and H ii regions. The observed properties of the detected OH(1720) masers are different from those in SNRs and indicate that a nonlocal line overlap mechanism is responsible for their excitation. Thus, while both 44 GHz cIMMs and OH(1720) masers trace shocked gas in SNRs, physical conditions favorable for excitation of cIMMs, but not OH(1720) masers, are present in SFRs.