bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entre ce qu’ils pensent, ce qu’ils disent et ce qu’ils font, quelles articulations ? Analyse quantitative des croyances épistémologiques, des conceptions pédagogiques et des pratiques d’enseignants québécois du secondaire en sciences naturelles et en sciences humaines et sociales
Authors: Baillet Dorothée , Therriault Geneviève 
Published: October 2021

L’articulation entre les croyances épistémologiques, les conceptions de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage et les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants de sciences et de sciences humaines au secondaire a peu été étudiée, en particulier dans le monde francophone (Araújo-Oliveira, 2012, 2019 ; Bartos et Lederman, 2014 ; Wanlin et al., 2019). Pourtant, si les enseignants affichent des croyances majoritairement constructivistes sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage, leurs pratiques d’enseignement réelles demeurent plutôt passives (enquête internationale TALIS – OCDE, 2019). Après avoir caractérisé ces trois construits théoriques auprès d’un échantillon composé de 215 enseignants québécois (débutants, intermédiaires et expérimentés) du secondaire en sciences humaines et sociales et en sciences naturelles, l’article en explore les articulations soit à partir d’analyses statistiques, soit en les mettant en perspective dans une phase interprétative de la recherche. Les résultats reposent sur l’analyse quantitative des réponses des enseignants à un questionnaire fermé en ligne comportant trois parties. Les analyses statistiques (ACP, ANOVA à plan factoriel, corrélations et Khi-deux) montrent que les croyances épistémologiques des enseignants sont plutôt raffinées, qu’il existe un effet de l’ancienneté professionnelle et un effet de la discipline enseignée sur ces croyances de même qu’un lien entre des croyances épistémologiques raffinées et des conceptions de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage traditionnelles. Enfin, les pratiques déclarées des enseignants semblent peu sensibles à la discipline enseignée.
Prognostic model of AU-rich genes predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Yong , Pang Zhaofei , Zhao Xiaogang , Zeng Yukai , Shen Hongchang , Du Jiajun 
Published: October 2021

Background
AU-rich elements (ARE) are vital cis-acting short sequences in the 3’UTR affecting mRNA stability and translation. The deregulation of ARE-mediated pathways can contribute to tumorigenesis and development. Consequently, ARE-genes are promising to predict prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients.

Methods
Differentially expressed ARE-genes between LUAD and adjacent tissues in TCGA were investigated by Wilcoxon test. LASSO and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify a prognostic genetic signature. The genetic signature was combined with clinicopathological features to establish a prognostic model. LUAD patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups by the model. Kaplan–Meier curve, Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), calibration curves and decision curve analyses (DCA) were used to assess the model. Function enrichment analysis, immunity and tumor mutation analyses were performed to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. GEO data were used for external validation.

Results
Twelve prognostic genes were identified. The gene riskScore, age and stage were independent prognostic factors. The high-risk group had worse overall survival and was less sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (P < 0.01). C-index and calibration curves showed good performance on survival prediction in both TCGA (1, 3, 5-year ROC: 0.788, 0.776, 0.766) and the GSE13213 validation cohort (1, 3, 5-year ROC: 0.781, 0.811, 0.734). DCA showed the model had notable clinical net benefit. Furthermore, the high-risk group were enriched in cell cycle, DNA damage response, multiple oncological pathways and associated with higher PD-L1 expression, M1 macrophage infiltration. There was no significant difference in tumor mutation burden (TMB) between high- and low-risk groups.

Conclusion
ARE-genes can reliably predict prognosis of LUAD and may become new therapeutic targets for LUAD.
Natural language processing and machine learning to assist radiation oncology incident learning
Authors: Mathew Felix , Wang Hui , Montgomery Logan , Kildea John 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo develop a Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) pipeline that can be integrated into an Incident Learning System (ILS) to assist radiation oncology incident learning by semi‐automating incident classification. Our goal was to develop ML models that can generate label recommendations, arranged according to their likelihoods, for three data elements in Canadian NSIR‐RT taxonomy.MethodsOver 6000 incident reports were gathered from the Canadian national ILS as well as our local ILS database. Incident descriptions from these reports were processed using various NLP techniques. The processed data with the expert‐generated labels were used to train and evaluate over 500 multi‐output ML algorithms. The top three models were identified and tuned for each of three different taxonomy data elements, namely: (1) process step where the incident occurred, (2) problem type of the incident and (3) the contributing factors of the incident. The best‐performing model after tuning was identified for each data element and tested on unseen data.ResultsThe MultiOutputRegressor extended Linear SVR models performed best on the three data elements. On testing, our models ranked the most appropriate label 1.48 ± 0.03, 1.73 ± 0.05 and 2.66 ± 0.08 for process‐step, problem‐type and contributing factors respectively.ConclusionsWe developed NLP‐ML models that can perform incident classification. These models will be integrated into our ILS to generate a drop‐down menu. This semi‐automated feature has the potential to improve the usability, accuracy and efficiency of our radiation oncology ILS.
Effect of equalization filters on measurements with kerma‐area product meter in a cardiovascular angiography system
Authors: Ichikawa Nao , Fukuda Atsushi , Hayashi Takuma , Matsubara Kosuke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of equalization filters (EFs) on the kerma‐area product () and incident air‐kerma () using a kerma‐area product (KAP) meter. In addition, potential underestimations of thevalues by EFs were identified.Materials and methodsA portable flat‐panel detector (FPD) was placed to measure the X‐ray beam area (A) and EFs dimension at patient entrance reference point (PERP). Afterward, a 6‐cm3external ionization chamber was placed to measure incident air‐kerma () at PERP instead of the portable FPD. KAP reading andwere simultaneously measured at several X‐ray beam qualities with and without EFs. The X‐ray beam quality correction factor by KAP meter () was calculated byA,and KAP reading to acquire theand. Upon completion of the measurements,,, andwere plotted as functions of tube potential, spectral filter, and EFs dimension. Moreover,values were calculated to evaluate theunderestimation.ResultsThevalues increased with an increase in the X‐ray tube potential and spectral filter, and the maximumwas 1.18.anddecreased as functions of EFs dimension, whereaswas almost constant.decreased with an increase in EFs dimension but increased with an increase in tube potential and spectral filter, and the range was 0.55–1.01.Conclusionsvalue was up to approximately two times lower than thevalues by EFs. When using thevalue, the potentialunderestimation with EFs should be considered.
Bioresponsive, Electroactive, and Inkjet‐Printable Graphene‐Based Inks
Authors: Silvestri Alessandro , Criado Alejandro , Poletti Fabrizio , Wang Faxing , Fanjul‐Bolado Pablo , González‐García María B. , García‐Astrain Clara , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. , Feng Xinliang , Zanardi Chiara , Prato Maurizio 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWith the advent of flexible electronics, the old fashioned and conventional solid‐state technology will be replaced by conductive inks combined with low‐cost printing techniques. Graphene is an ideal candidate to produce conductive inks, due to its excellent conductivity and zero bandgap. The possibility to chemically modify graphene with active molecules opens up the field of responsive conductive inks. Herein, a bioresponsive, electroactive, and inkjet‐printable graphene ink is presented. The ink is based on graphene chemically modified with selected enzymes and an electrochemical mediator, to transduce the products of the enzymatic reaction into an electron flow, proportional to the analyte concentration. A water‐based formulation is engineered to be respectful with the enzymatic activity while matching the stringent requirements of inkjet printing. The efficient electrochemical performance of the ink, as well as a proof‐of‐concept application in biosensing, is demonstrated. The versatility of the system is demonstrated by modifying graphene with various oxidoreductases, obtaining inks with selectivity toward glucose, lactate, methanol, and ethanol.
Endowing AIE with Extraordinary Potential: A New Au(I)‐Containing AIEgen for Bimodal Bioimaging‐Guided Multimodal Synergistic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zou Hang , Gan Shifeng , He Benzhao , Huang Jacob C. , Peng Chen , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Zheng Lei , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe development of high‐performance theranostic platforms is always an intractable challenge in modern medicine research. Herein, new luminescent materials that possess the advantages of high sensitivity, high resolution, and deep tumor‐penetrating imaging as well as multimodal synergistic therapeutic functions may be one of the best potential alternatives for efficient theranostics. In this work, a powerful Au(I)‐containing aggregation‐induce emission luminogen (AIEgen) with integrated multifunctions of bimodal imaging and multimodal combination therapy is developed. This simple small‐molecule system can simultaneously realize high‐contrast fluorescence imaging and computed tomography imaging. Additionally, it can act as an effective thioredoxin reductase inhibitor to exert inherent anticancer effect, and simultaneously work as an ideal radiosensitizer to produce efficient anticancer efficacy through a multimodal synergistic effect. Thus, this study highlights a new design guideline to endow AIE luminogens with extraordinary functions by Au(I) and opens a new avenue for the development of new luminescent theranostic systems.
An Outer Membrane Vesicle‐Based Permeation Assay (OMPA) for Assessing Bacterial Bioavailability
Authors: Richter Robert , Kamal Mohamed A. M. , Koch Marcus , Niebuur Bart‐Jan , Huber Anna‐Lena , Goes Adriely , Volz Carsten , Vergalli Julia , Kraus Tobias , Müller Rolf , Schneider‐Daum Nicole , Fuhrmann Gregor , Pagès Jean‐Marie , Lehr Claus‐Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhen searching for new antibiotics against Gram‐negative bacterial infections, a better understanding of the permeability across the cell envelope and tools to discriminate high from low bacterial bioavailability compounds are urgently needed. Inspired by the phospholipid vesicle‐based permeation assay (PVPA), which is designed to predict non‐facilitated permeation across phospholipid membranes, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Escherichia coli either enriched or deficient of porins are employed to coat filter supports for predicting drug uptake across the complex cell envelope. OMVs and the obtained in vitro model are structurally and functionally characterized using cryo‐TEM, SEM, CLSM, SAXS, and light scattering techniques. In vitro permeability, obtained from the membrane model for a set of nine antibiotics, correlates with reported in bacterio accumulation data and allows to discriminate high from low accumulating antibiotics. In contrast, the correlation of the same data set generated by liposome‐based comparator membranes is poor. This better correlation of the OMV‐derived membranes points to the importance of hydrophilic membrane components, such as lipopolysaccharides and porins, since those features are lacking in liposomal comparator membranes. This approach can offer in the future a high throughput screening tool with high predictive capacity or can help to identify compound‐ and bacteria‐specific passive uptake pathways.
Dual Extrusion Patterning Drives Tissue Development Aesthetics and Shape Retention in 3D Printed Nipple‐Areola Constructs
Authors: Van Belleghem Sarah , Mahadik Bhushan , Snodderly Kirstie , Mote Zoe , Jiang Bin , Yu Justine R. , McLoughlin Shannon , He Xiaoming , Nam Arthur J. , Fisher John P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBreast cancer and its most radical treatment, the mastectomy, significantly impose both physical transformations and emotional pain in thousands of women across the globe. Restoring the natural appearance of a nipple‐areola complex directly on the reconstructed breast represents an important psychological healing experience for these women and remains an unresolved clinical challenge, as current restorative techniques render a flattened disfigured skin tab within a single year. To provide a long‐term solution for nipple reconstruction, this work presents 3D printed hybrid scaffolds composed of complementary biodegradable gelatin methacrylate and synthetic non‐degradable poly(ethylene) glycol hydrogels to foster the regeneration of a viable nipple‐areola complex. In vitro results showcased the robust structural capacity and long‐term shape retention of the nipple projection amidst internal fibroblastic contraction, while in vivo subcutaneous implantation of the 3D printed nipple‐areola demonstrated minimal fibrotic encapsulation, neovascularization, and the formation of healthy granulation tissue. Envisioned as subdermal implants, these nipple‐areola bioprinted regenerative grafts have the potential to transform the appearance of the newly reconstructed breast, reduce subsequent surgical intervention, and revolutionize breast reconstruction practices.
Design of Quasi‐MOF Nanospheres as a Dynamic Electrocatalyst toward Accelerated Sulfur Reduction Reaction for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Luo Dan , Li Chaojie , Zhang Yongguang , Ma Qianyi , Ma Chuyin , Nie Yihang , Li Matthew , Weng Xuefei , Huang Rong , Zhao Yan , Shui Lingling , Wang Xin , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered as one of the most promising next‐generation rechargeable batteries owing to their high energy density and cost‐effectiveness. However, the sluggish kinetics of the sulfur reduction reaction process, which is so far insufficiently explored, still impedes its practical application. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely investigated as a sulfur immobilizer, but the interactions and catalytic activity of lithium polysulfides (LiPs) on metal nodes are weak due to the presence of organic ligands. Herein, a strategy to design quasi‐MOF nanospheres, which contain a transition‐state structure between the MOF and the metal oxide via controlled ligand exchange strategy, to serve as sulfur electrocatalyst, is presented. The quasi‐MOF not only inherits the porous structure of the MOF, but also exposes abundant metal nodes to act as active sites, rendering strong LiPs absorbability. The reversible deligandation/ligandation of the quasi‐MOF and its impact on the durability of the catalyst over the course of the electrochemical process is acknowledged, which confers a remarkable catalytic activity. Attributed to these structural advantages, the quasi‐MOF delivers a decent discharge capacity and low capacity‐fading rate over long‐term cycling. This work not only offers insight into the rational design of quasi‐MOF‐based composites but also provides guidance for application in Li–S batteries.
Gas‐Phase Fluorination of Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Meiyazhagan AshokKumar , Serles Peter , Salpekar Devashish , Oliveira Eliezer Fernando , Alemany Lawrence B. , Fu Riqiang , Gao Guanhui , Arif Taib , Vajtai Robert , Swaminathan Venkataraman , Galvao Douglas S. , Khabashesku Valery N. , Filleter Tobin , Ajayan Pulickel M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has received much attention in recent years as a 2D dielectric material with potential applications ranging from catalysts to electronics. hBN is a stable covalent compound with a planar hexagonal lattice and is relatively unreactive to most chemical environments, making the chemical functionalization of hBN challenging. Here, a simple, scalable strategy to fluorinate hBN using a direct gas‐phase fluorination technique is reported. The nature of fluorine bonding to the hBN lattice and their chemical coordination are described based on various characterization studies and theoretical models. The fluorine functionalized hBN shows a bandgap reduction and displays a semiconducting behavior due to the fluorination process. Additionally, the fluorinated hBN shows significant improvement in its thermal and friction properties, which could be substantial in applications such as lubricants and thermal fluids. Theory and simulations reveal that the enhanced friction properties of fluorinated hBN result from reduced inter‐planar interaction energy by electrostatic repulsion of intercalated fluorine atoms between hBN layers without significant disruption of the in‐plane lattice. This technique paves the way for the fluorination of several other 2D structures for various applications such as magnetism and functional nanoscale electronic devices.
Ternary Devices Based on Partially Aligned MoS2/h‐BN/Graphene Heterostructures
Authors: Lee Chang Jun , Park Myung Uk , Kim Sung Hyun , Jeong Jae‐Hun , Kim Myeongjin , Cho Mann‐Ho , Yoo Kyung‐Hwa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe development of multi‐valued logic devices, which involve switching between more than two states, is one of the promising approaches for overcoming the issues caused by the further scaling down of the current complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor devices. This paper presents ternary devices based on MoS2/h‐BN/graphene heterostructures, in which an active channel of MoS2 is partially aligned with a floating gate of graphene, unlike in the case of typical flash memory devices; thus, they can be regarded as a circuit consisting of a memory device and field‐effect transistor internally connected in parallel. The transfer curves of these devices exhibit two different threshold voltages (Vth) with ternary states (“0,” “1,” and “2”). Furthermore, the intermediate state can be controlled by oxygen plasma treatment, resulting in a ratio >102 for “1”/“0” states and “2”/“1” states. Thus, these devices can be used to implement a resistive‐load standard ternary inverter, whose output voltage is close to 1, 0.5, and 0 V under the supply voltage of 1 V. In addition, ternary NMIN and NMAX circuits with resistive loads are demonstrated by connecting two ternary inverters in series and parallel, respectively.
Electrochemical Synthesis of 3D Plasmonic‐Molecule Nanocomposite Materials for In Situ Label‐Free Molecular Detections
Authors: Ansah Iris Baffour , An Timothy , Yang Jun‐Yeong , Jung Ho Sang , Mun ChaeWon , Jung Sunghoon , Lee Seunghun , Jang Yejin , Kim Dong‐Ho , Kim Meehyein , Park Sung‐Gyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor several decades, the precise positioning of chemicals and biomolecules at nanosized electromagnetic hotspots has posed a challenge to achieving ultrasensitive and reliable label‐free molecular detection. Here, the authors report the rapid ultrasensitive direct detection of chemicals and biomacromolecules (i.e., enveloped virus) through the in situ electrochemical synthesis of a 3D plasmonic‐probe molecule composite skin layer on a 3D Au nanopillar array. The bottom‐up growth of plasmonic nanomaterials in the presence of target probe molecules provides intimate contact between the Au and the target molecules, thereby enhancing light–matter interactions in 3D spaces. These enhanced interactions result in highly sensitive and rapid direct detection of both small molecules and large influenza A virus (H1N1) with hierarchical complex structures. The virus serves as a structural motif for the formation of Au–virus nanocomposite structures through Au electrodeposition, which results in the in situ formation of hotspots for the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of spike proteins. The proposed SERS detection system with fast composite plasmon‐molecule skin layer formation provides a general platform for highly sensitive and rapid label‐free direct detection for chemical and biomedical applications.
Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials and Sensing Tools for Wearable Health Monitoring Devices
Authors: Erdem Özgecan , Derin Esma , Zeibi Shirejini Saeedreza , Sagdic Kutay , Yilmaz Eylul Gulsen , Yildiz Selvin , Akceoglu Garbis Atam , Inci Fatih 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe healthcare system has a drastic paradigm shift from centralized care to home‐based and self‐monitoring strategies; aiming to reach more individuals, minimize workload in hospitals, and reduce healthcare‐associated expenses. Particularly, wearable technologies are garnering considerable interest by tracking physiological parameters through motion and activities, and monitoring biochemical markers from sweat, saliva, and tears. Through their integrations with sensors, microfluidics, and wireless communication systems, they allow physicians, family members, or individuals to monitor multiple parameters without any significant disruptions to daily routine. Integrating flexible and smart materials with wearable platforms have already enabled facile operations. Especially, carbon nanomaterials hold unique features, including low density, high strength, good conductivity, outstanding flexibility, versatile integration with materials and sensors. In this manuscript, carbon nanomaterials are comprehensively reviewed with their tremendous assets utilized in wearable technologies. Further, their integration with ultrasonic, acoustic and energy harvesting devices, optical and electrochemical platforms, microfluidics, and wireless communication technologies are presented.
Genetic structure in Louisiana Iris species reveals patterns of recent and historical admixture
Authors: Zalmat Alexander S. , Sotola V. Alex , Nice Chris C. , Martin Noland H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPremiseWhen divergent lineages come into secondary contact, reproductive isolation may be incomplete, thus providing an opportunity to investigate how speciation is manifested in the genome. The Louisiana Irises (Iris, seriesHexagonae) comprise a group of three or more ecologically and reproductively divergent lineages that can produce hybrids where they come into contact. We estimated standing genetic variation to understand the current distribution of population structure in the Louisiana Irises.MethodsWe used genotyping‐by‐sequencing techniques to sample the genomes of Louisiana Iris species across their ranges. We sampled 20 populations (n = 632 individuals) across 11,249 loci and used Entropy and PCA models to assess population genetic data.ResultsWe discovered evidence for interspecific gene flow in parts of the range. Our analysis revealed patterns of population structure at odds with widely accepted nominal taxonomy. We discovered undescribed hybrid populations, designated as belonging to theI. brevicaulislineage.Iris nelsoniishared significant ancestry with only one of the purported parent species,I. fulva, evidence inconsistent with a hybrid origin.ConclusionsThis study provides several key findings important to the investigation of standing genetic variation in the Louisiana Iris species complex. Compared to the other nominal species,I. brevicauliscontains a large amount of genetic diversity. In addition, we discovered a previously unknown hybrid zone betweenI. brevicaulisandI. hexagonaalong the Texas coast. Finally, our results do not support the long‐standing hypothesis thatI. nelsoniihas mixed ancestry from three parental taxa.