bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated detection and screening of depression using continuous wavelet transform with electroencephalogram signals
Authors: Raghavendra U. , Gudigar Anjan , Chakole Yashas , Kasula Praneet , Subha D. P. , Kadri Nahrizul Adib , Ciaccio Edward J. , Acharya U. Rajendra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNearly 264 million people around the globe currently suffer from clinical depression, according to the World Health Organization. Although there are diagnostic techniques and treatments presently used by professionals, they are not always helpful. Herein, we suggest the use of advanced technological methods to diagnose depressed patients correctly. A machine learning approach is presented, which uses the electroencephalogram for diagnostics. The model extracts multiple features by applying a continuous wavelet transform (CWT) for each recording. These recordings are employed to train and test the model, with data gathered from 15 depressed and 15 normal patients. After the features are extracted from these recordings, it is organized into matrix form. The features are dimensionally reduced using kernel‐principal component analysis and principal component analysis techniques, ranked using Student's t‐test, and then labelled as normal or depressed with various classifiers. Accuracies of 99.33% and 99.13% were achieved for the right and left hemispheres of the brain, respectively, and 99.26% for the combined hemispheres of the brain. As compared to the discrete and empirical wavelet transform feature extraction methods, the CWT attained the best results. A depression severity index was also developed, using two features for discriminating the classes: normal versus depressed.
MWCNT/Ti‐doped ZnO nanocomposite as electrochemical sensor for detecting glutamate and ascorbic acid
Authors: Pitiphattharabun Siraprapa , Meesombad Kornkamon , Panomsuwan Gasidit , Jongprateep Oratai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAttributed to high stability and reproducibility, nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors have been extensively utilized in the detection of various chemical substances. In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/Ti‐doped ZnO composite was prepared for fabrication of working electrode used in the detection of glutamate and ascorbic acid. Ti‐doped ZnO particles with the average size of 44.47 ± 4.05 nm were synthesized by the solution combustion technique. Hydrothermal impregnation was employed in preparation of the MWCNT/Ti‐doped ZnO composite. Electrocatalytic activities of the MWCNT/Ti‐doped ZnO composite were examined using the cyclic voltammetry technique. The cyclic voltammograms revealed the reduction reaction of glutamate close to −.5 V, whereas the oxidation reaction of ascorbic acid close to .5 V. Fair electrocatalytic performance, with acceptable sensitivity, limit of detection, and selectivity suggested potential utilization of MWCNT/Ti‐doped ZnO nanocomposite in the detection of ascorbic acid and glutamate.
Troubleshooting of failed continence mechanisms in the ileocecal pouch: Operative technique and long‐term results of the intussuscepted ileal nipple valve
Authors: Kalogirou Charis , Schwinger Marcel , Kocot Arkadius , Riedmiller Hubertus 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesTo provide a detailed step‐by‐step operative technique, and to report on long‐term functional and metabolic outcomes in secondary continence mechanisms in the form of secondary intussuscepted ileal nipple valves in revisional surgery of ileocecal pouches.MethodsFrom May 1997 to May 2015, 18 female and 10 male patients suffering from dysfunctional primary continence mechanisms of their ileocecal pouch underwent revisonal surgery to create a secondary ileal nipple valve at our tertiary referral center. The average follow‐up period was 65.4 months.ResultsAfter surgery, 24 patients were continent by day and night, and four patients showed minor incontinence with the use of a safety pad. The average frequency of clean intermittent catheterization decreased both during the day and at night. The diameter of the catheters used for clean intermittent catheterization increased significantly. No patient showed stomal stenosis, change of stool habits or metabolic situation in the follow‐up period. Furthermore, the creation of the secondary ileal nipple valves did not affect the capacity of the reservoir. In the long‐term follow up, two patients required the construction of a third continence mechanism, making for an overall success rate of 92% in the study group.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study of long‐term results after the creation of secondary ileal nipple valves. We provide evidence that the creation of a secondary ileal nipple valve is a safe and reliable procedure for continence restoration in ileocecal pouches with excellent functional and metabolic long‐term outcomes.
Presence of decoy cells for 6 months on urine cytology efficiently predicts BK virus nephropathy in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Sekito Takanori , Araki Motoo , Yoshinaga Kasumi , Maruyama Yuki , Sadahira Takuya , Nishimura Shingo , Wada Koichiro , Watanabe Masami , Watanabe Toyohiko , Tanabe Katsuyuki , Takeuchi Hidemi , Morinaga Hiroshi , Kitagawa Masashi , Kitamura Shinji , Sugiyama Hitoshi , Wada Jun , Yanai Hiroyuki , Nasu Yasutomo 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between duration of consecutive presence of decoy cells on urine cytology and BK virus nephropathy after kidney transplantation.MethodsIn total, 121 kidney transplant recipients were retrospectively evaluated. The best duration of consecutive presence of decoy cells that could be used to predict BK virus nephropathy was analyzed using the area under the curve for each duration, and recipients were divided into two groups based on the best predictive performance. The effectiveness of SV40 immunostaining on urinary cytology was also analyzed.ResultsIn total, 2534 urine specimens as well as SV40 immunostaining in 2241 urine specimens were analyzed. Six consecutive months of decoy cell positivity had the best predictive performance for BK virus nephropathy (area under the curve = 0.832). The incidence of BK virus nephropathy in recipients with positive decoy cells for 6 months or more consecutive months (5/44) was significantly higher than in those who had positive decoy cells for less than 6 months (0/77; P = 0.005). Decoy cell positivity had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for BK virus nephropathy of 100%, 66%, 11%, and 100% respectively. SV40 immunostaining provided slightly better specificity (68%) and positive predictive value (12%).ConclusionsThe detection of decoy cells at 6 months or more on urine cytology had high predictive value for BK virus nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients. SV40 immunostaining on urine cytology added minimal diagnostic accuracy.
KPNA2 promotes renal cell carcinoma proliferation and metastasis via NPM
Authors: Zheng Song , Li Xiaofan , Deng Ting , Liu Rong , Bai Junjie , Zuo Teng , Guo Yinan , Chen Jianhui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKaryopherin α2 (KPNA2), involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport, has been reported to be up‐regulated in tumorigenesis. However, comprehensive studies of KPNA2 functions in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are still lacking. In this study, we aim to investigate the roles of KPNA2 in kidney tumour development. Our results showed that down‐regulation of KPNA2 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of kidney tumour cell cells in vitro, while the cell cycle arrest and cellular apoptosis were induced once KPNA2 was silenced. Repression of KPNA2 was proved to be efficient to repress tumorigenesis and development of kidney tumour in in nude mice. Furthermore, one related participator, NPM, was identified based on Co‐IP/MS and bioinformatics analyses. The up‐regulation of NPM attenuates the efficiency of knockdown KPNA2. These results indicated that KPNA2 may regulate NPM to play a crucial role for kidney tumour development.
Healthcare professionals' views on factors influencing shared decision‐making in primary health care centres in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study
Authors: Alsulamy Nouf , Lee Andrew , Thokala Praveen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the perspectives of healthcare professionals regarding the implementation of Shared decision‐making (SDM) in primary healthcare centres (PHCCs) in Saudi Arabia.MethodsQualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted with a purposive and snowball sample of healthcare professionals in PHCCs. Interviews have been recorded, transcribed, translated and thematically analysed. Themes were mapped to the COM‐B model.ResultsSixteen healthcare professionals were interviewed. The data analysis identified six themes and 14 sub‐themes. The six themes are patient related factors, health professional related factors, environmental context and resources, patient–physician communication, patient–physician preferences toward SDM and physicians' perceived value and benefits of SDM. Physicians are unlikely to practice SDM in the context of time pressures, shortage of physicians, lack of treatment options, and decision‐making aids. The findings also underscored the importance of building a trustworthy physician‐patient relationship through the use of effective conversation techniques.ConclusionsThere are multiple barriers to SDM in primary care. Unless these barriers are addressed, it is unlikely that physicians will effectively or fully engage in SDM with patients.
Retrospective analysis of response to rituximab in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy refractory to first‐line therapy
Authors: Fatehi Farzad , Okhovat Ali Asghar , Panahi Akram , Ziaaddini Bentolhoda , Rajabally Yusuf A. , Nafissi Shahriar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFew case reports/series describe the efficacy of rituximab in refractory chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), which is preferred in the presence of anti‐nodal/paranodal antibodies. We aimed at evaluating the clinical response to rituximab in a subset of patients with refractory CIDP for whom the anti‐nodal/paranodal antibodies status was unknown, as not available in Iran. We retrospectively analyzed the response to rituximab in 14 Iranian patients with refractory CIDP (3 children, 11 adults), in whom the anti‐nodal/paranodal antibodies status was unknown. The subjects were evaluated with the Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score (MRCSS), Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment (INCAT) disability scores, and electrophysiology, before and after treatment. Mean age was 34.4 ± 20.7 years, disease duration pre‐rituximab treatment was 27.8 ± 18.8 (range: 6‐60) months, and mean follow‐up duration was 18.5 ± 11.0 (range: 4‐36) months. Considering the INCAT sum score, one worsened during post‐rituximab treatment, and three patients did not change. Considering MRCSS, notably, four patients achieved normalization of their MRCSS. Regarding the corticosteroid dose, two patients could discontinue prednisolone. As rated by a pre‐defined scoring system, nerve conduction parameters improved significantly post‐rituximab in the treated cohort (P = .006). All patients tolerated rituximab infusions without adverse effects. Rituximab may be effective in refractory CIDP, even though worsening may occur in some patients. Anti‐nodal/paranodal antibodies assay, when available, and other criteria may help drive therapeutic decision‐making on rituximab as second‐line treatment.
A comprehensive history of regression discontinuity designs: An empirical survey of the last 60 years
Authors: Villamizar‐Villegas Mauricio , Pinzon‐Puerto Freddy A. , Ruiz‐Sanchez Maria Alejandra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper we detail the entire Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) history, including its origins in the 1960s, and its two main waves of formalization in the 1970s and 2000s, both of which are rarely acknowledged in the literature. Also, we dissect the empirical work into fuzzy and sharp designs and provide some intuition as to why some rule‐based criteria produce imperfect compliance. Finally, we break the literature down by economic field, highlighting the main outcomes, treatments, and running variables. Overall, we see some topics in economics gaining importance through time, like the cases of health, finance, crime, environment, and political economy. In particular, we highlight applications in finance as the most novel. Nonetheless, we recognize that the field of education stands out as the uncontested RDD champion through time, with the greatest number of empirical applications.
Glioblastoma versus solitary brain metastasis: MRI differentiation using the edema perfusion gradient
Authors: Aparici‐Robles Fernando , Davidhi Andjoli , Carot‐Sierra José Miguel , Perez‐Girbes Alexandre , Carreres‐Polo Joan , Mazon Momparler Miguel , Juan ‐ Albarracín Javier , Fuster‐Garcia Elies , Garcia‐Gomez Juan Miguel 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeDifferentiation between glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and solitary brain metastasis (SBM) remains a challenge in neuroradiology with up to 40% of the cases to be incorrectly classified using only conventional MRI. The inclusion of perfusion MRI parameters provides characteristic features that could support the distinction of these pathological entities. On these grounds, we aim to use a perfusion gradient in the peritumoral edema.MethodsTwenty‐four patients with GBM or an SBM underwent conventional and perfusion MR imaging sequences before tumors’ surgical resection. After postprocessing of the images, quantification of dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion parameters was made. Three concentric areas around the tumor were defined in each case. The monocompartimental and pharmacokinetics parameters of perfusion MRI were analyzed in both series.ResultsDSC perfusion MRI models can provide useful information for the differentiation between GBM and SBM. It can be observed that most of the perfusion MR parameters (relative cerebral blood volume, relative cerebral blood flow, relative Ktrans, and relative volume fraction of the interstitial space) clearly show higher gradient for GBM than SBM. GBM also demonstrates higher heterogeneity in the peritumoral edema and most of the perfusion parameters demonstrate higher gradients in the area closest to the enhancing tumor.ConclusionOur results show that there is a difference in the perfusion parameters of the edema between GBM and SBM demonstrating a vascularization gradient. This could help not only for the diagnosis, but also for planning surgical or radiotherapy treatments delineating the real extension of the tumor.
Time trends in adrenaline auto‐injector dispensing patterns using Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data
Authors: Wang Yichao , Koplin Jennifer J , Lei Shaoke , Horne Simon , Allen Katrina J , Hiscock Harriet , Peters Rachel L 
Published: September 2021

AimAdrenaline auto‐injector (AAI) dispensing data, a community‐based proxy for number of individuals at risk of anaphylaxis, provides complementary information on time trends of anaphylaxis risk in addition to hospital admission data. We examined trends of AAI dispensing over a 10‐year period (from January 2005 to December 2014) in Australia.MethodsIndividuals with dispensed AAI were identified from a 10% random sample of Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) data. PBS is the Australian national drug subsidy programme covering all Australians. Cumulative incidence and incidence rates of individuals with AAI were calculated. We assessed difference by age, sex, state and time trends.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of individuals with AAI in 2005–2014 was 75.43/100 000 (95%CI 75.07–75.80/100 000). Incidence rate of individuals with AAI increased from 2005 to 2014 (from 71.47 to 82.07 per 100 000 person‐years) although this varied by state. Over the time assessed, there was a shift to more prescriptions being provided by general practitioners (GP) rather than specialists. Children (0–19 years) were more likely to have been prescribed an AAI from a specialist and adults from a GP.ConclusionOverall, an increase in dispensed AAI mirrored other evidence for a rising prevalence of allergy. This increase could also reflect changes in prescribing practices or increased awareness and education of health‐care professionals on anaphylaxis and indications for prescribing AAI. The rising rate of AAI prescribed by GPs compared to decreasing rates by specialists suggests a changing response of the Australian health‐care system to the increased burden of anaphylaxis.
Simple sequence repeat markers reflect the biological phenotype differentiation and genetic diversity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strains from Capsicum annuum L. in China
Authors: Chen Yue , Zeng Quan , Man Yilong , Liu Sizhen , Ouyang Chao , Li Chenggang , Wu Xiyang , Zhang Deyong , Liu Yong , Tan Xinqiu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPepper anthracnose, caused by fungi of the Colletotrichum complex, is one of the most important diseases in pepper production. Recent studies have revealed the rich genetic diversity of different Colletotrichum species originating from Capsicum annuum L. However, for Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the dominant species from Capsicum annuum L., the relationships between the genetic diversity and biological phenotype differentiation remain unclear. Here, we developed a highly specific simple sequence repeat (SSR)‐PCR system, which showed rich intraspecific genetic diversity in the tested Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strains. Moreover, we characterized the biological phenotypes of significantly differentiated strains, including their morphological and sporulation traits, and their pathogenicity. These results help us to elucidate the relationship between genetic diversity and biological phenotype differentiation in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides strains from Capsicum annuum L. Our findings will be useful for the prevention and control of pepper anthracnose and for pepper resistance breeding.
Viral and bacterial factors of mother‐to‐child transmission of hepatitis B virus
Authors: Doumbia Moussa , Sevede Daouda , Kouakou Viviane , Kouakou Cyprien , Ahoke Frederic , Pineau Pascal , Dosso Mireille 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the tenth leading cause of death worldwide. Mother‐to‐child transmission of HBV occurring mainly at delivery remains one of the most common routes of infection in developing countries. One of the main challenges concerning HBV in Africa is to implement a prevention policy aiming at interrupting the cycle of pseudo‐vertical transmission of this infection. The aim of this study was to assess the implication of certain bacterial and viral factors in mother‐to‐child transmission of HBV. This prospective study was conducted on 165 pregnant women carriers of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and their 169 newborns who attended care at the Gynecology Department of the University Hospital of Cocody. Serological, molecular, and bacteriological analyses were performed on blood samples and vaginal secretions. Mean viral load (VL) was 4.5 ± 1.3 log10 IU/ml, while mean HBsAg titres were 3.5 ± 0.9 log10 IU/ml. HBV DNA was found in vaginal secretions in 13.3% of mothers and in the blood of 10.3% of the newborns. Six bacterial species were identified in the vaginal discharge of pregnant women during labour before delivery. Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were the most frequent species found in 23.0% and 13.9% of cases. Mothers positive for vaginal HBV DNA displayed higher plasma HBV DNA loads than negative mothers (6.2 ± 1.6 log10 IU/ml vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 log10 IU/ml, p < .0001). In conclusion, our study showed that presence of HBV DNA in vaginal secretions and the presence of S. aureus could play a role in mother‐to‐child transmission of HBV. HBV DNA detection in vaginal discharge represents a promising biomarker to identify newborns at risk of perinatal persistent infection.
Plasma and urine pharmacokinetics of hydroxyzine and cetirizine following repeated oral administrations to exercised horses
Authors: Paine Stuart W. , Aldurdunji Mohammed , Garth‐Greeves Alix , Muir Tessa , Hincks Pamela R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHydroxyzine and cetirizine are first‐ and second‐generation oral antihistamine drugs, respectively, used to treat allergic reactions in horses. Cetirizine is also a metabolite of hydroxyzine, which may lead to complexities in regulating their use in equine sporting events. The aim of the research was to be able to provide detection times (DT) from pharmacokinetic studies in thoroughbred horses to better inform trainers, and their veterinary surgeons, prescribing these substances for treatment of Thoroughbred racehorses. Six and two horses were given 9 repeated administrations of hydroxyzine HCl (500 mg BID) or cetirizine HCl (190 mg BID), respectively. Plasma and urine hydroxyzine and cetirizine concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). A holistic non‐linear mixed effects PK model was developed that described both plasma and urine concentrations of hydroxyzine and cetirizine, either from administration of each individually or cetirizine as a metabolite of hydroxyzine. Using the parameters obtained from this PK model in conjunction with methodology developed by Toutain afforded possible screening limits (SL) that can regulate for a DT of 4 days in either plasma or urine. Hydroxyzine and cetirizine concentration prediction intervals for the 80th, 95th and 99th percentiles of a virtual horse population were performed in order to assess the statistical protection of the DT. However, it is down to the individual racing authorities to apply their own risk management.
Uncovering the Mechanisms of Real‐World Attentional Control Over the Course of Primary Education
Authors: Turoman Nora , Tivadar Ruxandra I. , Retsa Chrysa , Maillard Anne M. , Scerif Gaia , Matusz Pawel J. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTSchooling may shape children's abilities to control their attention, but it is unclear if this impact extends from control over visual objects to encompass multisensory objects, which are more typical of everyday environments. We compared children across three primary school grades (Swiss first, third, and fifth grades) on their performance on a game‐like audiovisual attentional control task, while recording their electroencephalogram (EEG). Behavioral markers of visual attentional control were present from third grade (after 2 years of schooling), whereas multisensory attentional control was not detected in any group. However, multivariate whole‐brain EEG analyses (“electrical neuroimaging”) revealed stable patterns of brain activity that indexed both types of attentional control—visual control in all age groups, and multisensory attentional control from third grade onward. Multivariate EEG approaches can uncover otherwise undetectable mechanisms of attentional control over visual and multisensory objects, and characterize how these mechanisms differ across educational stages.
The continuity of inquiry and normative philosophy of science
Authors: Varga Somogy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to contribute to debates about the nature of philosophical inquiry and its relation to science. The starting point is theDiscontinuity View(DV), which holds that philosophy is discontinuous with science. Upon critically engaging two lines of argument in favor of DV, the paper presents and defends theContinuity View(CV), according to which philosophy and science are continuous forms of inquiry. The critical engagement sheds light on continuities between philosophical and scientific inquiry while underlining special normative competences of philosophical work. The final part of the paper uses these insights to offer a brief outline of a normative approach to philosophy of science.