bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of single-layer versus double-layer uterine closure during caesarean section on postmenstrual spotting: economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Stegwee Sanne I. , Ben Ângela J. , El Alili Mohamed , van der Voet Lucet F. , de Groot Christianne J.M. , Bosmans Judith E. , Huirne Judith A.F. 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of double-layer compared with single-layer uterine closure after a first caesarean section (CS) from a societal and healthcare perspective.DesignEconomic evaluation alongside a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.Setting32 hospitals in the Netherlands, 2016–2018.Participants2292 women ≥18 years undergoing a first CS were randomly assigned (1:1). Exclusion criteria were: inability for counselling, previous uterine surgery, known menstrual disorder, placenta increta or percreta, pregnant with three or more fetuses. 1144 women were assigned to single-layer and 1148 to double-layer closure. We included 1620 women with a menstrual cycle in the main analysis.InterventionsSingle-layer unlocked uterine closure and double-layer unlocked uterine closure with the second layer imbricating the first.Main outcome measuresSpotting days, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and societal costs at 9 months of follow-up. Missing data were imputed using multiple imputation.ResultsNo significant differences were found between single-layer versus double-layer closure in mean spotting days (1.44 and 1.39 days; mean difference (md) −0.056, 95% CI −0.374 to 0.263), QALYs (0.663 and 0.658; md −0.005, 95% CI −0.015 to 0.005), total healthcare costs (€744 and €727; md €−17, 95% CI −273 to 143), and total societal costs (€5689 and €5927; md €238, 95% CI −624 to 1108). The probability of the intervention being cost-effective at willingness-to-pay of €0, €10 000 and €20 000/QALY gained was 0.30, 0.27 and 0.25, respectively, (societal perspective), and 0.55, 0.41 and 0.32, respectively, (healthcare perspective).ConclusionDouble-layer uterine closure is not cost-effective compared with single-layer uterine closure from both perspectives. If this is confirmed by our long-term reproductive follow-up, we suggest to adjust uterine closure technique guidelines.Trial registration numberNTR5480/NL5380.
Is the physical activity environment surrounding primary schools associated with students’ weight status, physical activity or active transport, in regional areas of Victoria, Australia? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jacobs Jane , Crooks Nic , Allender Steven , Strugnell Claudia , Backholer Kathryn , Nichols Melanie 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo explore whether the physical activity (PA) environment (walkability, greenspace and recreational facilities) surrounding regional primary schools is associated with children’s PA levels, active transport and weight status. Limited research on this topic has been conducted outside of major cities.DesignCross-sectional ecological study using baseline data from two large-scale obesity prevention interventions.SettingEighty (n=80) primary schools across two regional areas in Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsStudents aged 8–13 years (n=2144) attending participating primary schools.Outcome measuresMeasured weight status (body mass index z-score, proportion overweight/obese) and self-reported PA behaviours (meeting PA recommendations and active travel behaviour).ResultsWhen adjusted for student and school demographics, students had significantly increased odds of using active transport to or from school when the school neighbourhood was more walkable (OR 1.21 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.35), had a greater number of greenspaces (OR 1.35 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.53)) and a greater number of recreational facilities (OR 1.18 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.31)). A higher cumulative PA environment score was also associated with a higher proportion of children using active transport (OR 1.33 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.51)). There were no significant associations between the PA environment measures and either weight status or meeting the PA recommendations in adjusted models.ConclusionsThis study is the first of its kind exploring school neighbourhood environments and child weight status and PA in regional areas of Australia. It highlights the potential of the environment surrounding primary schools in contributing to students’ active travel to and from school. Further research with the use of objective PA measurement is warranted in regional areas that have been under-researched.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR.org.au) identifier 12616000980437; Results.
Non-medical devices for chronic breathlessness: use, barriers and facilitators for patients, carers and clinicians - a scoping review
Authors: Prihartadi Aliya Syahreni , Impelliziere Licastro Giovanna , Pearson Mark , Johnson Miriam J , Luckett Tim , Swan Flavia 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundNon-medical devices such as the handheld fan (fan), mobility aids (wheeled walkers with seats) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) devices offer benefits for patient management of chronic breathlessness. We examined the published evidence regarding patient, carer and clinician use of the fan, mobility aids and IMT devices for chronic breathlessness management, and the potential barriers and facilitators to day-to-day use in a range of settings.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, EBSCO and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. Papers were imported into EndNote and Rayyan for review against a priori eligibility criteria. Outcome data relevant to use were extracted and categorised as potential barriers and facilitators, and a narrative synthesis exploring reasons for similarities and differences conducted.ResultsSeven studies met the inclusion criteria (n=5 fan, n=2 mobility aids and n=0 IMT devices). All of the studies presented patient use of non-medical devices only. Patients found the fan easy to use at home. Mobility aids were used mainly for outdoor activities. Outdoor use for both devices were associated with embarrassment. Key barriers included: appearance; credibility; self-stigma; technical specifications. Common facilitators were ease of use, clinical benefit and feeling safe with the device.ConclusionThe efforts of patients, carers and clinicians to adopt and use non-medical devices for the management of chronic breathlessness is impeded by lack of implementation research. Future research should improve knowledge of the barriers and facilitators to use. This would enhance understanding of how decision-making in patient–carer–clinician triads impacts on non-medical devices use for breathlessness management.
Determinants of response to daratumumab in Epstein-Barr virus-positive natural killer and T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Mustafa Nurulhuda , Nee Adina Huey Fang , Chooi Jing Yuan , Toh Sabrina Hui Min , Chung Tae-Hoon , Selvarajan Viknesvaran , Fan Shuangyi , Ng Siok Bian , Poon Michelle , Chan Esther , Lee Joanne , Chee Yen Lin , Jeyasekharan Anand D , Zhou Longen , Yang Jennifer , Chng Wee Joo 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe potential therapeutic efficacy of daratumumab in natural killer T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) was highlighted when its off-label usage produced sustained remission in a patient with highly refractory disease. This is corroborated recently by a phase II clinical trial which established that daratumumab monotherapy is well tolerated and displayed encouraging response in relapsed/refractory NKTL patients. However, little is known regarding the molecular factors central to the induction and regulation of the daratumumab-mediated antitumor response in NKTL.MethodsCD38 expression was studied via immunohistochemistry, multiplex immunofluorescence and correlated with clinical characteristics of the patient. The therapeutic efficacy of daratumumab was studied in vitro via CellTiter-Glo (CTG) assay, complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC), and in vivo, via a patient-derived xenograft mouse model of NKTL, both as a single agent and in combination with L-asparaginase. Signaling mechanisms were characterized via pharmacologic treatment, RNA silencing, flow cytometry and corroborated with public transcriptomic data of NKTL.ResultsEpstein-Barr virus-positive NKTL patients significantly express CD38 with half exhibiting high expression. Daratumumab effectively triggers Fc-mediated ADCC and CDC in a CD38-dependent manner. Importantly, daratumumab monotherapy and combination therapy with L-asparaginase significantly suppresses tumor progression in vivo. Ablation of complement inhibitory proteins (CIP) demonstrate that CD55 and CD59, not CD46, are critical for the induction of CDC. Notably, CD55 and CD59 expression were significantly elevated in the late stages of NKTL. Increasing the CD38:CIP ratio through sequential CIP knockdown, followed by CD38 upregulation via All-Trans Retinoic Acid treatment, potently augments complement-mediated lysis in cells previously resistant to daratumumab. The CD38:CIP ratio consistently demonstrates a statistically superior correlation to antitumor efficacy of daratumumab than CD38 or CIP expression alone.ConclusionThis study characterizes CD38 as an effective target for a subset of NKTL patients and the utilization of the CD38:CIP ratio as a more robust identifier for patient stratification and personalisation of treatment. Furthermore, elucidation of factors which sensitize the complement-mediated response provides an alternative approach toward optimizing therapeutic efficacy of daratumumab where CDC remains a known limiting factor. Altogether, these results propose a strategic rationale for further evaluation of single or combined daratumumab treatment in the clinic for NKTL.
Feasibility of a daily noise monitoring intervention for prevention of noise-induced hearing loss
Authors: Rabinowitz Peter , Galusha Deron , Cantley Linda F , Dixon-Ernst Christine , Neitzel Richard 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundDespite the existence of hearing conservation programmes complying with regulatory standards, noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) remains one of the most prevalent occupational diseases. Compulsory daily monitoring of noise exposure has been associated with decreased NIHL risk. We report on the experience of a voluntary daily noise monitoring intervention among noise-exposed workers.MethodsWorkers at three locations of a metals manufacturing company voluntarily used an in-ear noise monitoring device that could record and download, on a daily basis, the noise exposure inside of their hearing protection. We compared the hearing loss rates (in decibels hearing level/year) in these volunteers to controls from the same company matched for job title, age, gender, race, plant location, and baseline hearing level.ResultsOver the follow-up period, 110 volunteers for whom controls could be identified monitored daily noise exposures an average of 150 times per year. Noise exposures inside of hearing protection were lower than ambient noise levels estimated from company records. While there was no significant difference in hearing loss rates between volunteers and controls, volunteers downloading exposures 150 times per year or had less hearing loss than those who downloaded less frequently.ConclusionThese results indicate that voluntary daily noise exposure monitoring by workers is feasible and that greater frequency of downloading is associated with less hearing loss. If further development of noise monitoring technology can improve usability and address barriers to daily use, regular self-monitoring of noise exposure could improve the effectiveness of hearing conservation programmes.Trial registration numberNCT01714375.
Is preoperative genicular radiofrequency ablation effective for reducing pain following total knee arthroplasty? A pilot randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mishra Puneet , Edwards David , Huntoon Marc , Sobey Christopher , Polkowski Gregory , Corey John , Mishra Kelly Louise , Shinar Andrew , Engstrom Stephen , Palmer Cassandra , Bruehl Stephen 
Published: July 2021

Background and objective
Although total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment for severe knee osteoarthritis (OA), a subset of patients experience significant postoperative pain and dissatisfaction. Several clinical trials support the analgesic benefits of genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (GN-RFA) for non-operative knee OA, but only one prior trial has examined the effects of this intervention given preoperatively on postoperative outcomes following TKA, showing no analgesic benefit of cooled GN-RFA. The current study evaluated whether conventional thermal GN-RFA performed preoperatively resulted in significant improvements in pain and function following TKA.

Methods
This was a single-center, prospective, randomized, sham-controlled, double-blinded pilot trial in which patients received either conventional GN-RFA (n=30) or sham (n=30) between 2 and 4 weeks prior to their TKA. Baseline measures were obtained preprocedurally on the day of intervention, with follow-up outcomes obtained preoperatively on the day of surgery, and at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively.

Results
Patients receiving GN-RFA showed no significant improvements relative to sham controls in the primary outcome, pain intensity at rest at 6-week follow-up. Secondary outcomes, including pain with ambulation and physical function, also showed no significant differences between groups at any follow-up assessment.

Conclusions
Conventional GN-RFA of the superior lateral, superior medial, and inferior medial genicular nerves when performed prior to TKA did not provide clinically significant pain relief or improvement in functional status at 2 or 6 weeks postoperatively.

Trial registration number

NCT02947321
.
Jet mass distribution in Higgs/vector boson + jet events at hadron colliders with $${{\varvec{k}}}_{{\varvec{t}}}$$ clustering
Authors: Ziani Naïma , Khelifa-Kerfa Kamel , Delenda Yazid 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe address the issues of clustering and non-global logarithms for jet shapes in the process of production of a Higgs/vector boson associated with a single hard jet at hadron colliders. We perform an analytical fixed-order calculation up to second order in the coupling as well as an all-orders estimation for the specific invariant mass distribution of the highest-$$p_t$$

p
t

jet, for various jet algorithms. Our results are derived in the eikonal (soft) limit and are valid up to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We perform a matching of the resummed distribution to next-to-leading order results from and compare our findings with the outputs of the Monte Carlo event generators and . After accounting for non-perturbative effects we compare our results with available experimental data from the CMS collaboration for the Z + jet production. We find good agreement over a wide range of the observable.
Chemical stratigraphy of subsurface lava flows from the Koyna (KBH1) core and correlation with the southwestern stratigraphy of the Deccan Traps
Authors: Sonu  , Kumar Amit , Satyanarayanan M. , Pathak Vamdev , Vedanti Nimisha , Shrivastava J. P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

The Koyna borehole penetrated
c.
1 km through the Deccan basalt units and into the cratonic basement beneath, thus providing a unique insight into the subsurface succession of the main Deccan province. Earlier studies focused on southwestern Deccan lava packages exposed in the Western Ghat escarpment, and resolved a well-constrained stratigraphy and key reference sections, but lacked supporting subsurface data. To construct the stratigraphy and correlate it with the main Deccan formations, we report flow-wise physical and chemical data of a
c.
932 m-thick core. We document 37 lava-flow units and four lava-flow groups that have similar major-oxide contents. These groups fit into two of the recognized chemostratigraphic formations, and the transitional Poladpur–Ambenali lavas. In addition, data plots on Ba v. Sr; Ba v. Zr/Nb; Ba/Y v. Zr/Nb; and Ba, Sr, Ba/Y, Zr/Nb v. height bivariate diagrams confine them to the Poladpur and Ambenali formations. Lava flows match with the Khumbarli and Mahabaleshwar Ghat sections and Killari core. The granitoid basement–basalt and the Poladpur Formation v. Ambenali Formation contacts lie at −332.5 and
c.
482 m above sea-level, respectively. Further, the new data endorse the southern overstepping of chemostratigraphic units and the asymmetry of the Deccan edifice due to the northward motion of the Indian Plate over the nascent Réunion plume (
c.
67–64 Ma). For comparison, the oldest 66.4 Ma lava flow predates the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (KPB) (66.052 Ma) by <0.35 Ma, with much of the Wai Subgroup erupted syn-KPB or >0.55 Ma post-KPB; however, the restricted lava thickness at the contact between the Poladpur and Ambenali formations provides a reference point in the Deccan stratigraphy.
On the Solvability of a Resonant Third-Order Integral m-Point Boundary Value Problem on the Half-Line
Authors: Imaga O. F. , Oghonyon J. G. , Ogunniyi P. O. 
Published: July 2021

In this work, the existence of at least one solution for the following third-order integral and

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will be investigated. The Mawhin’s coincidence degree theory will be used to obtain existence results while an example will be used to validate the result obatined.
Genetic Determinants of Somatic Selection of Mutational Processes in 3,566 Human Cancers
Authors: Guo Jintao , Zhou Ying , Xu Chaoqun , Chen Qinwei , Sztupinszki Zsófia , Börcsök Judit , Xu Canqiang , Ye Feng , Tang Weiwei , Kang Jiapeng , Yang Lu , Zhong Jiaxin , Zhong Taoling , Hu Tianhui , Yu Rongshan , Szallasi Zoltan , Deng Xianming , Li Qiyuan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe somatic landscape of the cancer genome results from different mutational processes represented by distinct “mutational signatures.” Although several mutagenic mechanisms are known to cause specific mutational signatures in cell lines, the variation of somatic mutational activities in patients, which is mostly attributed to somatic selection, is still poorly explained. Here, we introduce a quantitative trait, mutational propensity (MP), and describe an integrated method to infer genetic determinants of variations in the mutational processes in 3,566 cancers with specific underlying mechanisms. As a result, we report 2,314 candidate determinants with both significant germline and somatic effects on somatic selection of mutational processes, of which, 485 act via cancer gene expression and 1,427 act through the tumor–immune microenvironment. These data demonstrate that the genetic determinants of MPs provide complementary information to known cancer driver genes, clonal evolution, and clinical biomarkers.Significance:The genetic determinants of the somatic mutational processes in cancer elucidate the biology underlying somatic selection and evolution of cancers and demonstrate complementary predictive power across cancer types.
Abstract 179: Computational Modelling Of Early Atherosclerotic Plaque Structure Reveals The Role Of The Rate Of Lipid Deposition On Plaque Structure And Growth Rate
Authors: Uddin Ishraq , Myerscough Mary R 
Published: July 2021

Much current research on inflammation in atherosclerosis focuses on specific cellular and biochemical processes as isolated phenomena. There is scope, therefore, for an integrated approach that examines the interactions between the various mechanisms involved in early plaque growth. An in silico modelling approach is promising in this regard as multiple biological processes can easily be incorporated into the model and used to simulate early plaque growth under a variety of conditions. We present a computational model to simulate early plaque growth and test the hypothesis that higher rates of lipid deposition in the artery wall will cause accelerated plaque growth and influence the plaque’s morphology and composition.
We formulate a mathematical model based on the observed interactions between macrophages, pro-atherogenic extracellular lipid, lipid accumulated by macrophages, and apoptotic cells/cellular debris. This basic model incorporates several key processes including monocyte recruitment, phagocytosis, proliferation, apoptosis, lipid cytotoxicity, and cell migration. The model is used to computationally simulate how the early development of the plaque is influenced by its physiological environment, focusing in particular on the rate of lipid influx into the artery wall. Individual simulations yield a profile of how cells and lipids are spatially distributed over the plaque, and how this distribution and the total plaque size evolve in time.
The model qualitatively suggests that the rate of lipid deposition has a key influence on early plaque morphology and behaviour. Specifically, increasing the rate of lipid deposition (simulating higher fat diets) accelerates the rate of plaque growth. The ratio of apoptotic cells to active macrophages also increases with distance from the endothelium, with the ratio becoming more pronounced in older plaques. The computational model provides a novel methodology with which to capture the dynamics and structure of early atherosclerotic plaques, and provides a foundation on which to build models that can account for further aspects of the relevant biology, including plaque regression and necrotic core formation.
Abstract 266: Extracellular Hemoglobin From Stored Rbcs Binds Ago2 And Delivers Functional Microrna to Endothelial Cells
Authors: Mohandas Appesh N , Thomas Sheena A , Rooney Kimberly A , Mitchell Adam J , Roback John D , Searles Charles D 
Published: July 2021

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is among the most common clinical therapies. Prior to transfusion, packed RBCs (PRBCs) may be stored for up to 42 days. During storage, RBCs undergo many changes, including hemolysis and the release of extracellular hemoglobin (Hb). Prior work has shown that endothelial cells exposed to free hemoglobin demonstrate upregulation of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways including elevated ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E selectin, as well as elevated Hemeoxygenase-1 and bilirubin levels. Our work tests the hypothesis that extracellular Hb from stored RBCs can transfer functional microRNA to endothelial cells.
Stored RBCs (age 30-42 days) were obtained from the Emory University Hospital Blood Bank. Extracellular Hb was obtained from lysed RBCs. Binding of Argonaute 2 (Ago2) to Hb was assessed by immunoprecipitation (IP) of Hb-alpha followed by Western blot for Ago2. In addition, microRNA was extracted from the Hb immunoprecipitate. Levels of miR-451, -16, -584, and -92 were assessed by RT-qPCR analysis. Lastly, human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with Hb from RBC lysates. After treatment, Qiazol was used to extract RNA from washed cells, and levels of miR-451 and target genes were measured by RT-qPCR and Western analysis.
We found that Ago2, a crucial component of the RISC complex that executes the regulatory function of microRNA, co-immunopreciptated with Hb from RBC lysates. We also observed that miR-451, a microRNA known to be abundant in RBCs, was highly abundant in Hb immunoprecipates. Furthermore, miR-16, -584 and -92 could also be amplified from Hb immunoprecipitates. Endothelial cells treated with extracellular Hb from RBC lysates for 36 hours had a dramatic increase in levels of miR-451 and a significant decrease in mRNA abundance of genes known to be targets of miR-451, including ATF2 (p-value=0.03), CAV1 (p-value=0.02), and MIF (p-value=0.005). HAECs treated with extracellular Hb for 72 hours had decreased protein levels of ATF2 (p-value=0.01) and CAV1 (p-value=0.003). In conclusion, previous work has shown that extracellular Hb can have direct effects on endothelial cells; our data show, for the first time, that extracellular Hb also serves as a vehicle for the cell-to-cell delivery of microRNA.