bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polygenic association with severity and long-term outcome in eating disorder cases
Authors: Johansson Therese , Birgegård Andreas , Zhang Ruyue , Bergen Sarah , Landén Mikael , Petersen Liselotte , Bulik Cynthia , Hübel Christopher 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
About 20% of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) remain chronically ill. Therefore, early identification of poor outcome could improve care. Genetic research has identified regions of the genome associated with AN. Patients with anorexia nervosa were identified via the Swedish eating disorder quality registers Stepwise and Riksät and invited to participate in the Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative. First, we associated genetic information longitudinally with eating disorder severity indexed by scores on the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) in 2,843 patients with lifetime AN with or without diagnostic migration to other forms of eating disorders followed for up to 16 years (mean = 5.3 yrs). Second, we indexed development of a severe and enduring eating disorder (SEED) by a high CIA score plus a follow-up time ≥5 years. We associated individual polygenic scores (PGSs) indexing polygenic liability for AN, schizophrenia, and body mass index (BMI) with severity and SEED. After multiple testing correction, only the BMI PGS when calculated with traditional clumping and p value thresholding was robustly associated with disorder severity (βPGS = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.88; p = 1.2 x 10-5) across all p value thresholds at which we generated the PGS. However, using the alternative PGS calculation method PRS-CS yielded inconsistent results for all PGS. The positive association stands in contrast to the negative genetic correlation between BMI and AN. Larger discovery GWASs to calculate PGS will increase power, and it is essential to increase sample sizes of the AN GWASs to generate clinically meaningful PGS as adjunct risk prediction variables. Nevertheless, this study provides the first evidence of potential clinical utility of PGSs for eating disorders.
Biofixation of Air Emissions and Biomass Valorization – Evaluation of Microalgal Biotechnology
Authors: Biscaia Walquíria Letícia , Miyawaki Bruno , de Mello Thiago Carvalho , de Vasconcelos Eliane Carvalho , de Arruda Nicole Machuca Brassac , Maranho Leila Teresinha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This research appraised the simultaneous biofixation of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitric oxides (NO x ) by microalgae species Chlorella vulgaris , Haematococcus pluvialis , and Scenedesmus subspicatus . The experimental design was established by five treatments with gas concentrations between control – 0.04% of CO 2 , 5 to 15% of CO 2 , and 30 to 100 ppm of NOx. Parameters such as pH, growth, productivity, lipids, protein, carbon/ nitrogen ratio, and astaxanthin were evaluated. For all species, the maximal growth was achieved with 5% of CO 2 and 30 ppm of NO x . Regarding protein content, for all the three species, better results were obtained at higher concentrations of CO 2 and NOx. These results prove the microalgae capacity for CO 2 and NO x biofixation and reuse of biomass as a source of high value-added products, such as lipids, proteins, and astaxanthin. These findings support the indication of these species for flue gas treatment process and use in biorefineries systems.
The Prevalence and Psychological Relation of Problem Shopping: Data from a Large-Scale Sample from Turkey
Authors: Ünübol Başak , Ünsalver Barış Önen , Ünübol Hüseyin , Sayar Gökben Hızlı 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background:The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the measurement aspects, the prevalence, and the psychological correlates of problem shopping among a large-scale national sample of Turkish adults. Result: Participants (N = 24380, 50% men, M age = 31.79 years, age range = 18 to 81 years) completed a questionnaire that comprised the Shopping Addiction Risk Questionnaire, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised. Results showed that 1.8% of the participants had probable shopping addiction. Being female, being younger, psychiatric distress, positive affect, negative affect, anxious attachment, and avoidant attachment were positive correlates of problem shopping.Conclusion: The results of this large sample size study suggest that shopping addiction is not a rare condition in Turkey. Further research is needed to understand different motives that underlie the problematic shopping behavior in the young and female population in comparison to older and male populations. Preventive programs or any interventions for people with SA needs to address regulation difficulties and development of healthy strategies to cope with psychiatric distress.
Association of the RASS Score With Intensity of Symptoms, Discomfort, and Communication Capacity in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients Receiving Palliative Sedation: Is RASS an Appropriate Outcome Measure?
Authors: Imai Kengo , Morita Tatsuya , Yokomichi Naosuke , Mori Masanori , Naito Akemi Shirado , Yamauchi Toshihiro , Tsukuura Hiroaki , Uneno Yu , Tsuneto Satoru , Inoue Satoshi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPalliative sedation is sometimes needed for refractory symptoms, and the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) is one of the key measures. The primary aim of this study was to explore the association between the RASS score and degree of distress quantified by other measures: Support Team Assessment Schedule, item 2 (STAS), Discomfort Scale for Dementia of Alzheimer Type (Discomfort Scale), and Non-communicative Patient’s Pain Assessment Instrument (NOPPAIN), as well as a communication capacity measured by the Communication Capacity Scale, item 4 (CCS).MethodsThis was a prospective observational study on terminally ill cancer patients who received continuous infusion of midazolam to relieve refractory symptoms in a palliative care unit of a designated cancer hospital. Primarily responsible palliative care physicians rated RASS, Discomfort Scale, NOPPAIN, and CCS just before starting infusion, and 1 hour, 4 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after midazolam infusion, and ward nurses rated STAS at the same time. Since the ward nurses regularly evaluated STAS to titrate midazolam during palliative sedation as routine work, we regarded STAS rated by ward nurses as a standard of distress measure.ResultsA total of 249 assessments were performed for 55 patients. The RASS score was moderately to highly associated with symptom intensity measured by STAS, discomfort measured by the Discomfort Scale, and pain measured by NOPPAIN (r = 0.63 to 0.73). On the other hand, communication capacity measured by CCS is not parallel with the RASS score, and demonstrated a valley-shape. In 82 assessments with RASS of -1 to -3, 11 patients (13%) were regarded as having physical symptoms of STAS of 2 or more.Conclusions﻿RASS can roughly estimate physical distress in patients receiving palliative sedation, but a measure to more precisely quantify the symptom experience is needed.
Implementing a Peer-to-peer, Self-management Intervention for Young People with Depression and Anxiety in Denmark
Authors: Lauridsen Sigurd , Nielsen Maj Britt Dahl , Kusier Amalie , Cloos Camilla Øst , Jensen Marie Pil , Andersen Susan , Thygesen Lau , Folker Anna Paldam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDepressive and anxiety disorders share major risk factors and can often be effectively prevented or treated with similar interventions. However, less than half of young people with mental health problems seek professional help and hence innovative approaches to support this group are needed. To this end, Coping with Anxiety and Depression, a peer-to-peer and group-based psycho-social programme aimed at improving self-efficacy and self-management among adolescents with symptoms of anxiety and depression, shows promise.The aim of this paper was to evaluate the implementation of Coping with Anxiety and Depression for young people aged 15-25 years showing symptoms of anxiety and/or depression in a Danish community setting. MethodsTo evaluate the implementation of the programme, we collected quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously and subsequently we triangulated it in the data analysis. We conducted semi-structured interviews in seven case municipalities and carried out a baseline and post-intervention survey. Interview data was coded via an inductive and deductive analysis approach. Survey data was analysed via descriptive statistics in the statistical software programme STATA 16.ResultsThe evaluation showed that the implementation of the programme is feasible, and that most participants (76%) were satisfied with the programme to a high/very high extent. In total, 78% of the participants reported that it was advantageous that instructors themselves had experience with anxiety and depression. Qualitative data showed that the participants were very positive about the group format that allowed them to meet other people with similar challenges. Thus, while this paper has not addressed the effectiveness of the programme, our findings suggest that it can be implemented in a way that is useful and beneficial for young people.ConclusionCoping with Anxiety and Depression constitutes a feasible peer-to-peer, group-based community programme that is well-received by its target group. Participants appreciate that the instructors of the programme have personal experience with anxiety and/or depression and were in general satisfied with the programme. Recruitment and retention of participants and instructors is challenging but doable.
Amitriptyline Accelerates SERT Binding Recovery Rate in MDMA-Induced Rat Model: In Vivo 4-[18F]-ADAM PET Imaging
Authors: Yeh Skye Hsin-Hsien , Chiu Chuang-Hsin , Kuo Yu-Yeh , Tsai Chi-Jung , Yu Tsung-Hsun , Huang Wen-Sheng , Ma Kuo-Hsing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Numerous studies have confirmed that 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces long-lasting changes to the serotonergic system and decreases the density of the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT). However, amitriptyline (AMI) is a potent neuroprotector that can cause devastating neuropathologic injury. Use of 4-[18F]-ADAM, a SERT-specific radionuclide as a molecular imaging agent, facilitates longitudinal, non-invasive assessment of SERT activity/expression post-MDMA. We used 4-[18F]-ADAM PET imaging to access the longitudinal alteration of SERT binding and evaluate the synergistic neuroprotective effect of MDMA and SERT inhibition by AMI in rat model.Materials and Methods The adult male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats are grouped into four according to drug administration (Group 1: saline, Group 2: MDMA 10mg/kg i.p., Group 3: MDMA 10mg/kg i.p. with AMI 5 mg/kg i.p., Group 4: AMI 5 mg/kg i.p.). All drugs were administrated twice daily for 4 successive days (Day 1 to Day 4). Post-drug 4-[18F]-ADAM PET scans were performed on day 14, day 21 and day 28 to measure the SERT occupancy/recovery. After the last PET imaging, SERT-positive cells were measured quantitatively using immunochemical staining.Results In response to MDMA treatment regimens, SERT binding was significantly reduced in rat brain. Recovery rate (normalized to baseline) in the MDMA group, at day 14 was 64.34% ± 2.05%, progressively increased to 70.70% ± 3.96% at day 28. Recovery rate in the MDMA group varies based on region-specific. AMI dramatically increased SERT binding in all brain regions, enhancing average ~24% recovery rate at day 14 when compared with the MDMA group (MDMA 64.34% ± 2.05% vs. MDMA+ AMI 87.76% ± 2.98%), reaching 84.38% ± 2.05% at day 28. The immunochemical staining revealed that MDMA treatment reduced SERT immunoactivity densities in all brain regions, whereas AMI markedly increased the serotonergic fiber density after MDMA-induction that confirmed the PET findings.Conclusions Using in vivo longitudinal PET imaging, we demonstrated that SERT recovery was positively correlated with the duration of MDMA abstinence, implying the lower SERT densities in MDMA-induced rats reflected neurotoxic effects, varied region-specific, and reversible. AMI globally accelerated the recovery rate of SERT binding and increased SERT fiber density with possible neuroprotective effects.
Inflammatory Cytokines and Sarcopenia in Iranian Adults-results from SARIR Study
Authors: Asoudeh Farzaneh , Dashti Fatemeh , Raeesi Shima , Heshmat Ramin , Bidkhori Mohammad , Jalilian Zahra , Hashemi Rezvan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Some studies emphasize the effects of inflammatory cytokines in reducing muscle mass and muscle strength and performance. This study aimed to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects.
Method
The present study used data from the "Sarcopenia and its Determinants Among Iranian Elders" (SARIR) study. Three hundred men and women aged ≥ 55 years old who lived in the 6th district of Tehran were selected using random cluster sampling. We measured all components by using standard protocols, in addition we defined sarcopenia based on former and new European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) guidelines. A fasting blood sample was taken from each participant to measure serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs- CRP), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα).
Results
Mean age and body mass index (BMI) of study participants were 66.7 ± 7.7 years and 27.3 ± 4.2 kg/m2, respectively. Thirty-one participants of the present study had the criteria of EWGSOP2-sarcopenia. A statistically significant difference was seen between normal and abnormal groups of muscle strength in hs-CRP (p-value =0.04). Furthermore, we did not observe a remarkable association between inflammatory biomarkers including IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP and risk of sarcopenia even after controlling for plausible confounders (OR: 1.15; 95% CI 0.31-4.28, OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.17-2.77 and OR 2.39; 95% CI 0.87-6.55).
Conclusion
We found that inflammatory biomarkers level was not considerably associated with odds of sarcopenia. Lack of correlation between inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia could be due to participant’s age and genetic. Future studies are required to confirm these findings.
The Influence of Orange Essential Oil on Mechanical, Chemical, and Antibacterial Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers Containing Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Phan Duy-Nam , Khan Muhammad Qamar , Van Chuc Nguyen , Vu Manh-Hai , Dao Anh-Tuan , Thao Phan Thanh , Nguyen Ngoc-Mai , Le Van-Tuan , Ullah Azeem , Khatri Muzamil , Kim Ick-Soo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study demonstrates a controllable release properties and synergistic antibacterial actions between orange essential oil and silver nanoparticles incorporated onto cellulose nanofibers. The preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) attached on cellulose nanofibers was conducted through multiple processes including the deacetylation process to transform cellulose acetate nanofibers to cellulose nanofibers, the in-situ synthesis of AgNPs, and the coating of as-prepared silver composite cellulose nanofibers using orange essential oil (OEO) solutions with two different concentrations. The success of immobilization of AgNPs onto the surface of cellulose nanofibers and the incorporation of OEO into the polymer matrix was confirmed by SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, and FTIR characterizations. The tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus of the nanofibers after each step of treatment were recorded and compared to pristine CA nanofibers. The high antibacterial activities of AgNPs and OEO were assessed against gram-positive B. subtilis and gram-negative E. coli microorganisms. The combination effects of two antimicrobials, AgNPs and OEO, were distinctively recognized against B. subtilis.
Identification and Characterization of Circular RNAs in Longissimus Dorsi Muscle Tissue from Two Goat Breeds using RNA-Seq
Authors: Shen Jiyuan , Zhen Huimin , Li Lu , Zhang Yuting , Wang Jiqing , Hu Jiang , Liu Xiu , Li Shaobin , Hao Zhiyun , Li Mingna , Zhao Zhidong , Luo Yuzhu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA that play crucial roles in the development of skeletal muscle. However, little is known about the role of circRNAs in caprine skeletal muscle. In this study, the muscle fiber size and expression profiles of circRNAs were compared in Longissimus dorsi muscle of Liaoning cashmere (LC) goats and Ziwuling black (ZB) goats with significant phenotypic differences in meat production performance, using hematoxylin and eosin staining and RNA-Seq, respectively.Results: The muscle fiber size in LC goats were larger than those in ZB goats (P < 0.05). A total of 10,875 circRNAs were identified and 214 of these were differentially expressed between the two caprine breeds. The authentication and expression levels of 20 circRNAs were confirmed using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and DNA sequencing. The parent genes of differentially expressed circRNAs were mainly enriched in connective tissue development, Rap1, cGMP-PKG, cAMP and Ras signaling pathway. Some miRNAs reportedly associated with skeletal muscle development and intramuscular fat deposition would be targeted by several differentially expressed circRNAs and the most highly expressed circRNA (circ_001086).Conclusion: These results provide an improved understanding of the functions of circRNAs in skeletal muscle development of goats.
Dynamical Regulations On Mobility and Vaccinations To Control Covid19 Spread
Authors: Rajakaruna Mevan , Rajakaruna Harshana , Rajakaruna Rupika 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Using a system of time-dynamical equations, we investigate how daily mobility indices, such as homestay above the pre-Covid normal (H%; or H-forcing), and cumulative vaccinations (Vc%; or V-forcing) impact the net reproductive rate (R0) of COVID19 in ten island nations as a prototype, and then, extending it to 124 countries Worldwide. Our H- and V-forcing model of R0 could explain the new trends in 106 countries. The disease transmission can be controlled by forcing down R0(H, Vc) < 1 with enforcement of continuous H > 40% in 91% of countries with 0% vaccinated plus recovered, Vp. The required critical H% decreases with increasing Vp%, dropping it down to 20% with 25% Vp, and further down to 8% with 50% Vp. However, the regulations on H% are context-dependent and country-specific. Our Model is useful in forecasting and controlling the disease spread when the effectiveness of the vaccines is a concern due to new variants, and/or delays in vaccination rollout programs.
Hypo-perfusion and hyper-resistance affect different cognitive functions
Authors: Hoshi Hideyuki , Shigihara Yoshihito 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cognitive impairment and dementia are conventionally categorised according to their causative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease. Cognitive impairments of different aetiologies often share pathological cerebral blood circulation patterns, characterised by perfusion and resistance. Here, we show that these two features are associated with distinct types of cognitive impairment. Using carotid ultrasonography, we evaluated the circulation status of individuals with little to no subjective cognitive symptoms. We assessed individuals’ cognitive status using the Frontal Assessment Battery for executive function and Mini-Mental State Examination for learning and memory. Regression analysis showed that the hyper-resistance and hypo-perfusion components predicted the Frontal Assessment Battery and Mini Mental State Examination scores, respectively. These results are consistent with previous findings of hyper-resistance being associated with atherosclerosis, which disproportionately affects the frontal lobe and contributes to executive function impairments; meanwhile, hypo-perfusion disproportionately affects temporal lobe functions associated with learning and memory. We propose a novel concept that cognitive impairments fall into two subtypes regardless of the brain disease: hyper-resistance and hypo-perfusion subtypes. As these subtypes can be measured noninvasively and are treatable, this distinction would help design preventive and therapeutic strategies for dementia.
Random Sampling of the Protein Data Bank - RaSPDB
Authors: Carugo Oliviero 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A novel and simple procedure (RaSPDB) for Protein Data Bank mining is described. 10 PDB subsets, each containing 7000 randomly selected protein chains, are built and used to make 10 estimations of the average value of a generic feature F – the length of the protein chain, the amino acid composition, the crystallographic resolution, and the secondary structure composition. These 10 estimations are then used to compute an average estimation of F together with its standard error. It is heuristically verified that the dimension of these 10 subsets –7000 protein chains – is sufficiently small to avoid redundancy within each subset and sufficiently large to guarantee stable estimations amongst different subsets. RaSPDB has two major advantages over classical procedures aimed to build a single, non-redundant PDB subset: a larger fraction of the information stored in the PDB is used and an estimation of the standard error of F is possible.
RNA N6-methyladenosine Reader IGF2BP2 Promotes Lymphatic Metastasis and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition of Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cells via Stabilizing Slug mRNA in an M6A-dependent Manner
Authors: Yu Dan , Pan Min , Li Yanshi , Lu Tao , Wang Zhihai , Liu Chuan , Hu Guohua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Lymph node metastasis is the main cause of poor prognosis of head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is an emerging epigenetic regulatory mechanism for gene expression, and as a novel m6A reader protein, IGF2BP2 has been implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. However, not much is currently known about the functional roles of IGF2BP2 in HNSCC, and whether IGF2BP2 regulates lymphatic metastasis through m6A modification in HNSCC remains to be determined. Methods: The expression and overall survival (OS) probability of m6A-related regulators in HNSCC were analyzed with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and GEPIA website tool, respectively. The expression levels of IGF2BP2 were measured in HNSCC tissues and normal adjacent tissues. To study the effects of IGF2BP2 on HNSCC cell metastasis in vitro and in vivo, gain- and loss- of function methods were employed. RIP, MeRIP, and luciferase reporter and mRNA stability assays were performed to explore the epigenetic mechanism of IGF2BP2 in HNSCC. Results: We investigated 20 m6A-related regulators in HNSCC and discovered that only the overexpression of IGF2BP2 was associated with a poor OS probability and an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC patients. Additionally, we demonstrated that IGF2BP2 was overexpressed in HNSCC tissues, and significantly correlated to lymphatic metastasis and poor prognosis. Functional studies have shown that IGF2BP2 promotes both HNSCC cell migration as well as invasion via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in vitro, and IGF2BP2 knockdown significantly inhibited lymphatic metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that Slug, a key EMT-related transcriptional factor, is the direct target of IGF2BP2, and essential for IGF2BP2-regulated EMT and metastasis in HNSCC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IGF2BP2 recognizes and binds the m6A site in the coding sequence (CDS) region of Slug and promotes its mRNA stability. Conclusions: Collectively, our study uncovers the oncogenic role and potential mechanism of IGF2BP2, which serves as a m6A reader, in controlling lymphatic metastasis and EMT in HNSCC, suggesting that IGF2BP2 may act as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for HNSCC patients with metastasis.