bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Well Intervention Means as an Answer to Offshore Minimalist Platform Concept: A Breakthrough from Mahakam, Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Risal , Hidayat Reyhan , Kurniawati Pratika Siamsyah , Marindha Rantoe , Pancawisna Gerardus Putra , Dahnil Gitani Tsalitsah , Umar Khalid 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nowadays oil and gas industry are encouraging the independents and majors to take a fresh look at the technology and concepts required to develop marginal shallow water fields using a minimal platform approach. Innovation on well intervention means (lighter, smaller and less footprint) that fit for Offshore Minimalist Platform (OMP) is needed, including optimizing time and cost during well intervention activities in OMP.
To achieve the objectives, well intervention innovation and technology are the main focuses. Intervention activities commonly done on campaign basis with several units (slickline, wireline, coiled tubing, testing) shall be integrated in a safe manner. The approach of integration shall signify these points:Identifying potential jobs in OMP to be done by well intervention methodsIdentifying necessary well intervention means and methods to support the jobs (combo unit, micro coil, hazardous zone redefinition, remote operation)Creating project planning and schedulingPerforming site visit and risk assessmentImplementation and operational executionEvaluation of overall project execution result
The following results were obtained after the integration performed:No major safety issues during operationExemplary method and risk assessment for well intervention activities which can be applied for next campaignsTrials on well intervention new units and method (combo unit, micro coil, hazardous zone redefinition, remote operation), were safely performed with some optimization100% success ratio60% on supply boat arrangement35% efficiency in N2 consumption for CT operation45% efficiency in diesel consumption20% - 40% efficiency in Rig Up Time28% less in Job Cost compared to conventional unit
These innovations are proven as reliable method to answer OMP challenges with main advantages on footprint and cost optimization. Through this paper, we would like to share lucrative well intervention breakthrough and innovation in OMP with measurable milestones.
The Effect of Compositional Gradient in Field Development
Authors: Sajjad Farasdaq Muchibbus , Chandra Steven , Ivan Patrick , Suganda Wingky , Budiansah Yudi , Wirawan Alvin Derry 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The existence of fluid’s compositional gradient in a reservoir drives convective flow which brings significant impacts to the operations, e.g., in formulation of injected fluid for well stimulation and enhanced oil Recovery (EOR). However, fluid compositional gradient is not always included in modeling reservoir performance due to PVT sampling limitation and simulation constraint. This work aims to show the significance of compositional convection in oil/gas reservoir and provides our experiences in dealing with this issue in Indonesian’s fields.
PHE ONWJ as one of the most prolific producers of oil and gas in Indonesia currently operates an offshore block that has been producing for almost 40 years. Operating in a relatively mature well, PHE ONWJ often encounters significant fluid property change namely oil viscosity and specific gravity that changes overtime as depletion process occur. Data from X field, operated by PHE ONWJ, shows that compositional convection impacts workover and tertiary operations, by deviating from simulation results. We present the evidence of compositional convection using mechanistic models. We firstly adopt field data for setting the initial composition stratification. The stratification is identified through DST or fluid sampling. We secondly perform similarity simulation to analyze the effect of compositional gradient towards oil production. Similarity simulation is performed in the simplified domain for providing generalized solution. This solution is then scaled for the real domain. Finally, we show our approach to encounter the problems.
Based on the similarity study inspired by the case of X Field, it shows that the compositional stratification affects geochemistry and near-wellbore flow behavior. The compositional convection develops multiple fluid properties at different depth, which create cross flow among layers. It also causes scale deposition in near wellbore which reduces the permeability and alters rock-fluid interactions, such as wettability and relative permeability.
The alteration of near-wellbore geochemistry creates severe flow assurance issues in the wellbore. The mixing of multiple fluids from different layers cause paraffin and scale deposition. In some fields, the mixing triggers severe corrosions which could impact on wellbore integrity. The compositional stratification forces us to develop multiple treatments for different layers in single wellbore. Since the fluid’s properties are different for each layer, the compatibility between injected fluid and reservoir fluids varies.
Marine Life Assemblage Assessment at Oil & Gas Platform in the South China Sea Offshore Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Thiyahuddin Mohd Izzat , Abdul Rahman Azam , Hazelwood Emily , Sparks Amberlea , Benfield Mark , Mohd Mohd Hairil , Tan Chun Hong , Yusuf Yusri , Abdul Rahman Mohd Asamudin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In Malaysia, numerous offshore oil and gas platforms are approaching the end of their operational lifespans and will soon be scheduled for decommissioning. Traditional decommissioning typically involves the complete removal of the platform from the seabed, consequently resulting in the destruction of the established marine life communities present on the structure. A Rigs-to-Reefs strategy provides an alternative to the complete removal of obsolete, non-productive offshore oil and gas platforms, by converting the platform into a permanent artificial reef by utilizing one of the following three methods: partial removal or topple-in-place (in-situ), or tow and place (ex-situ). In-situ reefing provides a means of conserving the marine communities found on the platform by decommissioning the platform jacket in place as an artificial reef. However, not all platforms are good candidates for a Rigs-to-Reef conversion. Thus, pre-decommissioning biological assessments should be undertaken to determine the most appropriate decommissioning strategy on a case-by-case basis. In this study, a biological assessment was developed to catalog the marine life assemblages present on two offshore oil and gas platforms in Malaysia using remotely operated vehicles. Given the limited amount of biological data available on the marine ecosystems found on Malaysia’s platforms, this data may be useful for minimizing adverse impacts of platform removal, while enhancing benefits to the marine environment.
Arts engagement facilitated by artists with individuals with life-limiting illness: A systematic integrative review of the literature
Authors: Lee Jennifer Baxley , McIlfatrick Sonja , Fitzpatrick Lisa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Living with life-limiting illness significantly impacts quality of life. A growing body of evidence suggests that arts engagement facilitated by artists promotes well-being. However, no synthesis of the literature exists to describe arts engagement delivered by artists with individuals receiving palliative care. Aim: to systematically review and synthesize evidence to identify outcomes and key knowledge gaps to inform future research and practiceDesign: A systematic integrative literature review was conducted using a pre-defined search strategy and reported using PRISMA guidelines. Analysis was conducted iteratively and synthesis achieved using constant comparison to generate themes.Data sources: PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for studies published between database inception and August 2020. Search terms included variations on arts/artists; patients/service users; and palliative or end-of-life care. Eligibility criteria was applied and study quality assessed. Results: Seven reviewed studies explored literary, performing, and visual arts engagement in hospitals, hospice and community settings in England, the United States, France, and Canada. Study designs, interventions and findings were discussed. Themes identified across studies associated arts engagement with 1) a sense of well-being, 2) a newly discovered, or re-framed, sense of self, 3) connection with others, and 4) challenges associated with practice. Conclusion: Recommendations for future research were offered in order to maximize benefits, minimize risks and address complexity of artists’ engagement in palliative care including: 1) consistency in methods and reporting; 2) inclusion of wider perspectives; and 3) key considerations for adapting the arts by health condition and art form.
Decomposing Urban-rural Differences in Multimorbidity Among Older Adults in India: A Study Based on Lasi Data
Authors: Chauhan Shekhar , Srivast Shobhit , Kumar Pradeep , Patel Ratna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Multimorbidity is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more than two diseases in the same person. With rising longevity, multimorbidity has become a prominent concern among the older population. Evidence from both developed and developing countries shows that older people are at much higher risk of multimorbidity, however, urban-rural differential remained scarce. Therefore, this study examines urban-rural differential in multimorbidity among older adults by decomposing the risk factors of multimorbidity and identifying the covariates that contributed to the change in multimorbidity.Methods: The study utilized information from 31,464 older adults (rural-20,725 and urban-10,739) aged 60 years and above from the recent release of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 data. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate decomposition analysis techniques were used.Results: Overall, significant urban-rural differences were found in the prevalence of multimorbidity among older adults (difference: 16.3; p<0.001). Moreover, obese/overweight and high-risk waist circumference were found to narrow the difference in the prevalence of multimorbidity among older adults between urban and rural areas by 8% and 9.1%, respectively.Conclusion: There is a need to substantially increase the public sector investment in healthcare to address the multimorbidity among older adults, more so in urban areas, without compromising the needs of older adults in rural areas.
Setting Up a Cytology Laboratory for Cervical Cancer Screening in a Developing Country: A One Year’s Early Experience at a Private Facility
Authors: Boaz Mwesigwa , Febian Ngoma , Bary Abila Derrick , Emmanuel Othieno , Warsame Zahra Award 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
IntroductionWidespread cytology-based method of screening such as Pap smear test has significantly led to a reduction in the incidence and mortality associated with cervical cancer in many developed countries. In these countries, facilities needed for early detection of cervical cancer such as cytology laboratories are existent and generally available to their population. In a developing countries like Somalia, access to cytology services for cervical cancer screening remains limited and as result majority of patients present with advanced stage disease (stage III & IV) that is too difficult to treat.InterventionTo address this challenge, the management of AL-Zahra Specialty Hospital contracted a cytologist based in Uganda to guide in setting-up of cytology laboratory in the heart of Mogadishu, Somalia so as to provide cervical cancer screening and diagnostics services to the population. Other interventions made by the visiting cytologist involved guiding the procurement officer in the purchase of basic equipment, reagents, consumables and training of health care staff. This resulted into conducting 1020 cervical cytological tests over a period of 12months (1st September, 2018 to 30th September 2019).Lesions learntIn order to increase access to cytology services, we learnt that the federal government of Somalia should consider making cervical cytology (pap smear test) as part of routine screening policy for all sexually active women as part of health care package. An increase in sample volume may be improved through awareness campaigns and conducting community screening activities. Conclusion﻿Somalia, a developing country has made great strides towards addressing the limited facilities for cervical cancer screening by using very limited funding. We hope that our experiences shall provide technical guidance & direction to physicians, laboratory managers and investors who wish to establish similar cervical cytology laboratories in an economically constrained low-resource setting.
Effects of Sand Burial Depth on Xanthium Spinosum Seed Germination and Seedling Growth
Authors: Tao yuanyuan , Sang Tian-cui , Yan Jun-jie , Hu Yun-xia , Zhao Yu , Liu Ying 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
different sand burial depths on seed germination, seedling emergence, growth and biomass allocation were studied to provide a scientific basis for further control of X. spinosum. Six sand burial depths (1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9 cm) were established to explore the response of X. spinosum seed germination and seedling growth to sand burial. The first emergence time, peak emergence time, emergence rate, seedling growth height, biomass and biomass distribution of X. spinosum seeds had significant effects at different sand burial depths (P < 0.05). The X. spinosum seeds had the highest emergence rate (71.5%) at 1 cm sand burial and the maximum seedling height (7.1 cm). As sand burial depth increased, the emergence rate and seedling height gradually decreased, and the emergence rate (12.25%) and seedling height (2.9 cm) were lowest at 9 cm sand burial. The root length at 9 cm depth (13.6 cm) was significantly higher than that at other sand depths (P < 0.05). The sand burial depth affected the biomass accumulation and distribution of X. spinosum. As sand burial depth increased, the root biomass and rhizome ratio increased, and the most deeply buried seedlings allocated more biomass for root growth. The optimal sand burial depth for seed germination and seedling growth of X. spinosum was 1–3 cm, and high burial depth (5–9 cm) was not conducive to the germination and growth of X. spinosum seedlings. For prevention and control of X. spinosum, we suggest deeply ploughing crops before sowing to ensure X. spinosum seeds are ploughed into a deep soil layer.
Feasibility of Virtual Reality based Training for Optimising COVID-19 Case Handling in Uganda
Authors: Buyego Paul , Katwesigye Elizabeth , Kebirungi Grace , Nsubuga Mike , Nakyejwe Shirley , Cruz Phillip , McCarthy Meghan , Hurt Darrell , Kambugu Andrew , Arinaitwe Joseph Walter , Ssekabira Umaru , Jjingo Daudi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEpidemics and pandemics are causing high morbidity and mortality on a still-evolving scale exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Infection prevention and control (IPC) training for frontline health workers is thus essential. However, classroom or hospital ward based training portends an infection risk due to the in-person interaction of participants. We explored the use of Virtual Reality (VR) simulations for frontline health worker training since it trains participants without exposing them to infections that would arise from in-person training. It does away with the requirement for expensive Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) that has been in acute shortage and improves learning, retention and recall. This represents the first attempt in deploying VR-based pedagogy in a Ugandan medical education context.MethodsWe used animated VR-based simulations of bedside and ward-based training scenarios for frontline health workers. The training covered the wearing and stripping of PPE, case management of COVID-19 infected individuals and hand hygiene. It used VR headsets and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) to actualize an immersive experience, via a hybrid of VR renditions and 360degrees videos. We then compared the level of knowledge acquisition between individuals trained using this method to comparable cohorts previously trained in a classroom setting. That evaluation was supplemented by a qualitative assessment based on feedback from participants about their experience.ResultsThe effort resulted into a well-designed COVID-19 IPC VR curriculum, equivalent VR content and a pioneer cohort of trained frontline health workers. The formalized comparison with classroom-trained cohorts showed relatively better outcomes by way of skills acquired, speed of learning and rates of information retention (P-value =4.0e-09) - suggesting the effectiveness and feasibility of VR as a medium of medical training. Additionally, in the qualitative assessment 90% of the participants rated the method as very good, 58.1% strongly agreed that the activities met the course objectives, and 97.7 % strongly indicated willingness to refer the course to colleagues. ConclusionVR-based COVID-19 IPC training is feasible, effective and achieves enhanced learning while protecting participants from infections within a pandemic context in Uganda. It is a delivery medium transferable to the contexts of other highly infectious diseases.
Machine learning for Drug-Virus Prediction
Authors: Besharatifard Milad , Gharagozlou Arshia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic has recently hit most countries hard. Therefore, many researchers around the world are looking for a way to control this virus. Examining existing medications and using them to prevent this epidemic can be helpful. Drug repositioning solutions can be effective because designing and discovering a drug can be very time-consuming. In this study, we used a binary classifier learning method to predict the drug-virus relationship. The feature vector for each drug-virus pair is based on the similarity between drugs and the similarity between viruses. We calculated the similarities between the drugs using their structural properties (fingerprint) and their phenotype. We also calculated the similarities between viruses based on their genome sequence and the vector encoded by the Biobert model. Finally, using the HDVD dataset, we formed the similarity vectors of each drug-virus pair and considered it as input to neural network and random forest models. In these models, we randomly selected 20% of the positive data and the same amount of negative data. Finally, the performance of the proposed approach for this test data is considered, after five tests, as AUC=0.97 and AUPR = 0.96. We also used the Compressed Sensing (CS) matrix factorization model to predict the drug-virus association. After that, we investigated the importance of drug features in predicting drug-virus association by using Autoencoder and reducing the dimension of drug properties.
A Discursive Shift - Commissioned Reports in Swedish Health Care Governance
Authors: Höglund Anna T. , Falkenström Erica , Svallfors Stefan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Over the course of several decades, the organization of health care in Sweden, as in many other countries, has changed, from a dominant logic of professional dominance and political control towards managerial control through market mechanisms. A crucial motive was to increase cost efficiency. The Swedish government, as well as regional-level agencies, regularly commissions expert reports that are supposed to form the basis for decisions regarding governance, organization and control models of the health care system.Aim: The aim of this study was a) to perform a descriptive mapping of commissioned reports on Swedish health care governance and b) to perform an in-depth content analysis of a strategic sample of such reports.Method: Initially, 106 reports from both national and regional levels were gathered and analysed. A matrix was constructed, consisting of questions on who had commissioned the report, who had produced it, what problems the report set out to solve and what solutions were suggested. Further, questions were posed on whether the report was research-based and whether ethical assumptions and arguments were presented. Thereafter, a strategic sample of 36 reports was selected for an in-depth analysis, using thematic content analysis. Results: The mapping showed that the aim of the reports varied from giving an overview and to investigating effects and consequences of new steering forms, to more concrete goals, such as suggesting improvement measures. Most of the authors involved were administrators; only in rare cases were they from academic disciplines. Experts with academic degrees were in most cases from economics or business studies. The content analysis resulted in an overarching theme, Dominant discourses, and three categories: Equity as geographical sameness, Knowledge-based management and Management based on trust. Discussion: The analysed reports varied in form and content. They were mostly produced by administrators, but in some cases with input from academic researchers. The contents mirrored dominant discourses of the time but could also express conflicting values and goals. The analysis revealed examples of standardization in care, characterized by requirements to follow national guidelines, but also examples of requests for increased respect for professionals’ competence and experience.Conclusion: The great number of reports implies that the system risks requesting more information than it can handle. Further, it might result in reports where the same message is repeated in different documents, or create conflicts of interest and value tensions between different suggestions. In sum, our analysis showed a discursive shift of two trends or dominant discourses in the analysed reports, from increased standardization to arguments for trust in the system.