bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbioreactor (micro‐Matrix) potential in aerobic and anaerobic conditions with different industrially relevant microbial strains
Authors: D'ambrosio Sergio , Ventrone Michela , Alfano Alberto , Schiraldi Chiara , Cimini Donatella 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMicroscale fermentation systems are important high throughput tools in clone selection, and bioprocess set up and optimization, since they provide several parallel experiments in controlled conditions of pH, temperature, agitation, and gas flow rate. In this work we evaluated the performance of biotechnologically relevant strains with different respiratory requirements in the micro‐Matrix microbioreactor. In particular Escherichia coli K4 requires well aerated fermentation conditions to improve its native production of chondroitin‐like capsular polysaccharide, a biomedically attractive polymer. Results from batch and fed‐batch experiments demonstrated high reproducibility with those obtained on 2 L reactors, although highlighting a pronounced volume loss for longer‐term experiments. Basfia succiniciproducens and Actinobacillus succinogenes need CO2 addition for the production of succinic acid, a building block with several industrial applications. Different CO2 supply modes were tested for the two strains in 24 h batch experiments and results well compared with those obtained on lab‐scale bioreactors. Overall, it was demonstrated that the micro‐Matrix is a useful scale‐down tool that is suitable for growing metabolically different strains in simple batch process, however, a series of issues should still be addressed in order to fully exploit its potential.
Development of Zinc Hydroxide as an Abundant and Universal Cocatalyst for the Selective Photocatalytic Conversion of CO2 by H2O
Authors: Xu Xuanwen , Teramura Kentaro , Asakura Hiroyuki , Hosokawa Saburo , Tanaka Tsunehiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWater splitting is always a strongly competitive reaction against the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 using H2O as the electron donor over powder photocatalysts. At present, only Ag nanoparticles function as a universal cocatalyst for the activity and selectivity of CO2 conversion in this regard. Herein, abundant Zn(OH)2 is investigated over various typical powder photocatalysts and shows attractive universality in the enhancement of activity and selectivity toward CO evolution from CO2. Taking ZnTa2O6 as an example, the rate of formation of H2 was suppressed (from 32.8 to 5.8 μmol h−1), while the formation of CO was dramatically promoted (from 18.4 to 81.4 μmol h−1) with Zn(OH)2 as the cocatalyst. Zn ions dissolved in solution and an alkaline electrical double layer of the photocatalysts are proved to be important for the function of Zn(OH)2.
Reusable Manganese Catalyst for Site‐Selective Pyridine C−H Arylations and Alkylations
Authors: Choi Isaac , Shen Zhigao , Ronge Emanuel , Karius Volker , Jooss Christian , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHerein, we disclose a recyclable, hybrid manganese catalyst for site‐selective azine C−H activation by weak amide assistance. The novel, reusable catalyst enabled C3–H arylation and C3–H alkylation with ample scope, and was characterized by detailed transmission electron microscopy analysis.
Highly Efficient Trityl‐Nitroxide Biradicals for Biomolecular High‐Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
Authors: Cai Xinyi. , Lucini Paioni Alessandra , Adler Agnes , Yao Ru , Zhang Wenxiao , Beriashvili David , Safeer Adil , Gurinov Andrei , Rockenbauer Antal , Song Yuguang , Baldus Marc , Liu Yangping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a powerful method to enhance the sensitivity of solid‐state magnetic nuclear resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy. However, its biomolecular applications at high magnetic fields (preferably>14 T) have so far been limited by the intrinsically low efficiency of polarizing agents and sample preparation aspects. Herein, we report a new class of trityl‐nitroxide biradicals, dubbed SNAPols that combine high DNP efficiency with greatly enhanced hydrophilicity. SNAPol‐1, the best compound in the series, shows DNP enhancement factors at 18.8 T of more than 100 in small molecules and globular proteins and also exhibits strong DNP enhancements in membrane proteins and cellular preparations. By integrating optimal sensitivity and high resolution, we expect widespread applications of this new polarizing agent in high‐field DNP/ssNMR spectroscopy, especially for complex biomolecules.
Allergy‐related diseases and early gut fungal and bacterial microbiota abundances in children
Authors: Schei Kasper , Simpson Melanie Rae , Øien Torbjørn , Salamati Saideh , Rudi Knut , Ødegård Rønnaug Astri 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe early gut microbiota has been proposed as an important link between environmental exposures and development of allergy‐related diseases. Beyond the widely investigated associations between the gut bacterial microbiota, we investigated the involvement of early gut mycobiota and gut permeability in the pathogenesis of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) and eczema.MethodsIn the Probiotics in the Prevention of Allergy among Children in Trondheim trial with maternal probiotic supplementation, we collected faecal samples at four timepoints between 0 and 2 years from a cohort of 278 children. Clinical information on allergy‐related diseases was collected in a paediatric examination at 2 years and questionnaires at 6 weeks and 1, 2 and 6 years. By quantitative PCR and 16S/ITS1 MiSeq rRNA gene sequencing, we analysed the gut bacterial and fungal microbiota abundance and bacterial diversity and explored associations with allergy‐related diseases. We also measured gut permeability markers (lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein [LBP] and fatty acid‐binding protein 2 [FABP2]).ResultsChildren with higher fungal abundance at 2 years were more likely to develop asthma and AR by 6 years, odds ratios 1.70 (95% CI: 1.06–2.75) and 1.41 (1.03–1.93), respectively. We explored causal connections, and children with eczema at 1–2 years appeared to have more mature bacterial microbiota, as well as being depleted of Enterococcus genus. Although LBP and FABP2 did not correlate with eczema, increased bacterial abundance was associated with increased serum FABP2.ConclusionsWe observed positive associations between gut fungal abundance and allergy‐related disease, but increased gut permeability does not appear to be involved in the underlying mechanisms for this association. Our findings should be confirmed in future microbiota studies.
An Organogold Compound as Potential Antimicrobial Agent against Drug‐Resistant Bacteria: Initial Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Chakraborty Parichita , Oosterhuis Dorenda , Bonsignore Riccardo , Casini Angela , Olinga Peter , Scheffers Dirk‐Jan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe rise of antimicrobial resistance has necessitated novel strategies to efficiently combat pathogenic bacteria. Metal‐based compounds have been proven as a possible alternative to classical organic drugs. Here, we have assessed the antibacterial activity of seven gold complexes of different families. One compound, a cyclometalated Au(III) C^N complex, showed activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, including multi‐drug resistant clinical strains. The mechanism of action of this compound was studied in Bacillus subtilis. Overall, the studies point towards a complex mode of antibacterial action, which does not include induction of oxidative stress or cell membrane damage. A number of genes related to metal transport and homeostasis were upregulated upon short treatment of the cells with gold compound. Toxicity tests conducted on precision‐cut mouse tissue slices ex vivo revealed that the organogold compound is poorly toxic to mouse liver and kidney tissues, and may thus, be treated as an antibacterial drug candidate.
Carfilzomib, bendamustine, and dexamethasone in patients with advanced multiple myeloma: The EMN09 phase 1/2 study of the European Myeloma Network
Authors: Gay Francesca , Günther Andreas , Offidani Massimo , Engelhardt Monika , Salvini Marco , Montefusco Vittorio , Patriarca Francesca , Aquino Sara , Pönisch Wolfram , Spada Stefano , Schub Natalie , Gentili Silvia , Wäsch Ralph , Corradini Paolo , Straka Christian , Palumbo Antonio , Einsele Hermann , Boccadoro Mario , Sonneveld Pieter , Gramatzki Martin 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundCombined therapy with carfilzomib, bendamustine, and dexamethasone was evaluated in this multicenter phase 1/2 trial conducted within the European Myeloma Network (EMN09 trial).MethodsSixty‐three patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma who had received ≥2 lines of prior therapy were included. The phase 1 portion of the study determined the maximum tolerated dose of carfilzomib with bendamustine set at 70 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8. After 8 cycles, responding patients received maintenance therapy with carfilzomib and dexamethasone until progression.ResultsOn the basis of the phase 1 results, the recommended phase 2 dose for carfilzomib was 27 mg/m2 twice weekly in weeks 1, 2, and 3. Fifty‐two percent of patients achieved a partial response or better, and 32% reached a very good partial response or better. The clinical benefit rate was 93%. After a median follow‐up of 21.9 months, the median progression‐free survival was 11.6 months, and the median overall survival was 30.4 months. The reported grade ≥3 hematologic adverse events (AEs) were lymphopenia (29%), neutropenia (25%), and thrombocytopenia (22%). The main nonhematologic grade ≥3 AEs were pneumonia, thromboembolic events (10%), cardiac AEs (8%), and hypertension (2%).ConclusionsIn heavily pretreated patients who have relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, combined carfilzomib, bendamustine, and dexamethasone is an effective treatment option administered in the outpatient setting. Infection prophylaxis and attention to patients with cardiovascular predisposition are required.
Design‐oriented analysis of cross‐regulation in single‐inductor dual‐output Buck‐boost DC‐DC converters
Authors: Zhang Hao , Jing Min , Liu Wei , Liu Wei , Liu Fang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn single‐inductor multiple‐output converters, the multiplexing of the inductor at each output port will inevitably lead to severe cross‐regulation effect. This paper aims to investigate the steady state performance and transient state cross‐regulation in the single‐inductor multiple‐output DC‐DC converters. A ripple‐based averaged model is proposed to describe the inherent cross‐regulation characteristics of single‐inductor dual‐output (SIDO) Buck‐Boost DC‐DC converter by considering the three piecewise ripple of the inductor current. Then, the steady state performance analysis is carried out to show the cross‐coupling effect on the power distribution relationship and voltage gains of the two output ports. Furthermore, the nonlinear modal series representation is derived to describe the transient behavior of SIDO converter under different load disturbances. More significantly, based on the nonlinear modal analysis, the cross‐regulation factors are proposed to evaluate the influence of some key circuit parameters on the transient state cross‐regulation. It is found that increasing kp2 may improve the transient cross‐regulation performance of the output voltages, but non‐ideal factor VF has little influence on the transient cross‐regulation. This provides much design‐oriented information to suppress the cross‐regulation and optimize the transient performance of the SIDO converter. Finally, the effectiveness of the above analysis is verified by the experimental results. This paper proposes one design‐oriented analysis method to investigate the cross‐regulation in the SIDO DC‐DC converters based on the ripple‐based averaged model. Firstly, the steady state analysis is carried out to show the cross‐coupling effect on the power distribution of the two output ports. Then, according to the nonlinear modal analysis, the cross‐regulation factors are defined to identify the key parameters for the transient cross‐regulation, which provides some design‐oriented information to suppress the cross‐regulation.
Green roof vegetation management alters potential for water quality and temperature mitigation
Authors: Ouellet Valerie , Khamis Kieran , Croghan Danny , Hernandez Gonzalez Liliane M. , Rivera Vivien A. , Phillips Collin B. , Packman Aaron I. , Miller William M. , Hawke Richard G. , Hannah David M. , Krause Stefan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe global increase of urban impervious land cover poses a significant threat to the integrity of river ecosystems. Hence, it is critical to assess the efficiency of green roofs (GR) to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanization on river ecosystems, such as thermal surges and pollutants. In this study, we evaluated the ecohydrological behaviour of two fully established GR under differing management regimes at the Chicago Botanical Gardens from July to September 2019. The drainage outflow from a non‐vegetated roof, a managed GR (perennial native and non‐native plants) and an unmanaged GR (perennial natural prairie vegetation) were monitored, and thermal dynamics, dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition and nitrate concentration assessed. The managed GR runoff had a lower DOC concentration and less humic‐like DOM signal (SUVA254) compared to the unmanaged GR. In contrast, lower concentrations of nitrate and more recalcitrant DOM (less protein‐like compounds relative to humic‐like compounds) were associated with the unmanaged GR. The unmanaged GR also displayed a greater capacity to reduce thermal surges associated with storm events. Our study provides new information on the implications of GR management for water quality with particular relevance to the urban stream syndrome. Further, the impacts of GR management on the mitigation of thermal surges and DOM composition can help to improve future GR design, as these ecohydrological responses have been largely overlooked to date. Our findings can support future urban planning, particularly for scenarios where green infrastructures are used to mitigate the impacts of climate change on urban river ecosystems.
Hierarchical Bimetallic Selenides CoSe2–MoSe2/rGO for Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries Anode: Insights into the Intercalation and Conversion Mechanism
Authors: Xu Yanan , Liu Xiaofeng , Su Hang , Jiang Shan , Zhang Jianmin , Li Dan 
Published: June 2021

As anode materials for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries and potassium‐ion batteries, bimetallic selenides have attracted great concern due to their relatively high electrical conductivity and electrochemical activity. However, the formidable challenge in the reaction process is the large volume change, leading to the structural collapse of material, and eventually the decline in electrochemical performance. Herein, a composite of hierarchical CoSe2–MoSe2 tubes anchored on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (CoSe2–MoSe2/rGO) is designed by an in situ hydrothermal selenization treatment. Benefiting from the synergistic effects between CoSe2 and MoSe2, unique hierarchical structure, and effective reduced graphene oxide coating, the CoSe2–MoSe2/rGO exhibited improved reaction kinetics and structural stability, and thus good electrochemical properties. A combination mechanism of intercalation and conversion of CoSe2–MoSe2/rGO by forming NaxCoSe2 and Mo15Se19 as intermediate states is put forward on the basis of in situ and ex situ XRD analyses.
Heart failure is associated with an increased incidence of cancer diagnoses
Authors: Roderburg Christoph , Loosen Sven H. , Jahn Julia K. , Gänsbacher Julia , Luedde Tom , Kostev Karel , Luedde Mark 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsThe prognosis and quality of life of heart failure patients is determined to a significant extent by co‐morbidities. New data suggest that heart failure may be associated with an increased incidence of cancer. The present retrospective study investigates this association in a large collective of outpatients with heart failure.Methods and resultsThis retrospective cohort study assessed the incidence of cancer in patients with an initial diagnosis of heart failure and a matched non‐heart failure cohort in 1274 general practices in Germany between January 2000 and December 2018. The study is based on the Disease Analyser database (IQVIA), which contains drug prescriptions, diagnoses, and basic medical and demographic data. Hazard regression models were used to study the association between heart failure and the incidences of different cancers. A total of 100 124 patients with heart failure and 100 124 patients without heart failure were included in the analysis. Patients were matched individually by sex, age, diabetes, obesity, and yearly consultation frequency. Within the 10 year observation period, 25.7% of patients with heart failure and 16.2% of patients without heart failure had been diagnosed with cancer (log‐rank P < 0.001). These proportions were 28.6% vs. 18.8% in female and 23.2% vs. 13.8% in male patients. Heart failure was significantly associated with the incidence of cancer [hazard ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval: 1.76, 1.71–1.81; P < 0.001 in total; HR: 1.85, 1.77–1.92, P < 0.001 in women; HR: 1.69, 1.63–1.76, P < 0.001 in men]. A significant association was found between heart failure and all cancer sites assessed. The strongest association was observed for cancer of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (HR: 2.10, 95% confidence interval: 1.66–2.17; P < 0.001), followed by respiratory organs (HR: 1.91, 1.74–2.10; P < 0.001) and genital organs of female patients (HR: 1.86, 1.56–2.17; P < 0.001). The association for skin tumours was 1.83 (1.72–1.94; P < 0.001), for cancer of lymphoid and haematopoietic tissue 1.77 (1.63–1.91; P < 0.001), for cancer of the digestive tract 1.75 (1.64–1. 87; P < 0.001), for breast cancer 1.67 (1.52–1.84; P < 0.001), for cancer of the genitourinary tract 1.64 (1.48–1.81; P < 0.001), and for male genital organ cancer 1.52 (1.40–1.66; P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur study indicates that heart failure patients experience a significantly higher incidence of cancer during the course of the disease.
Deep learning for spatio‐temporal supply and demand forecasting in natural gas transmission networks
Authors: Petkovic Milena , Koch Thorsten , Zittel Janina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGermany is the largest market for natural gas in the European Union, with an annual consumption of approx. 95 billion cubic meters. The German high‐pressure gas pipeline network's length is roughly 40 000 km, which enables highly fluctuating quantities of gas to be transported safely over long distances. Considering that similar amounts of gas are also transshipped through Germany to other EU states, it is clear that Germany's gas transport system is essential to the European energy supply. Since the average velocity of gas in a pipeline is only 25 km/h, an adequate high‐precision, high‐frequency forecasting of supply and demand is crucial for efficient control and operation of such a transmission network. We propose a deep learning model based on spatio‐temporal convolutional neural networks (DLST) to tackle the problem of gas flow forecasting in a complex high‐pressure transmission network. Experiments show that our model effectively captures comprehensive spatio‐temporal correlations through modeling gas networks and consistently outperforms state‐of‐the‐art benchmarks on real‐world data sets by at least 15%. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can deal with complex nonlinear gas network flow forecasting with high accuracy and effectiveness.
Investigations on the sinking process of large pneumatic caissons
Authors: Regtop John , Feddema Antoine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn order to keep the port of Amsterdam accessible for ocean‐going ships, a new sea lock is under construction at the town of IJmuiden. The new sea lock will replace one of the nearly 100‐year‐old locks and will be the largest sea lock in the world upon completion. In order to prevent vibrations in the vicinity of the old locks and to prevent the need for deep building pits, the gate chambers are constructed as pneumatic caissons. Due to the open U‐shape of the caissons for the gate chambers, they are particularly vulnerable to torsional deformations that can occur during the sinking process, as a result of differential settlements. This was the main reason the contractor OpenIJ (a joint venture of BAM and VolkerWessels) wanted to get a better insight into the behaviour of the soil during the sinking process in order to control the deformations of the caissons during sinking. Together with the Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH) advanced Finite Element calculations were performed using the Abaqus/Explicit model to get a better understanding of the behaviour of the soil under a caisson during failure of the supporting soil berms. With the results and the lessons learned from the Abaqus analyses, additional analyses were made with Plaxis 2D and the Brinch Hansen method in order to support the sinking process. During the sinking process a real‐time monitoring system helped the operators to keep the deformations of the caissons within tolerances. The monitoring results showed that the soil behaved as predicted and both caissons were successfully sunk to their final position.
Heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation of amine/alkali hydroxide solvent captured CO2 to formate: A review
Authors: Li Lichun , Chen Xiangcan , Chen Zhengfei , Gao Ruiqin , Yu Hangdi , Yuan Tian , Liu Zongjian , Maeder Marcel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCarbon capture and utilization technology is one of the medium‐term technology options to reduce CO2 emissions while producing value‐added fuels and chemical products. The integrated CO2 capture and hydrogenation process is an encouraging replacement to the conventional decoupled CO2 capture and hydrogenation process, which allows direct utilization of captured CO2 thus eliminating the energy‐intensive CO2 desorption and compression steps in the typical carbon capture and storage (CCS) process. The hydrogenation of captured CO2 in amine/alkali hydroxide solvents is the key step to attain the integrated CO2 capture and hydrogenation process. Considering the lack of timely review on the topic of hydrogenation of amine/alkali hydroxide solvent captured CO2 to formate in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts, a summary of such process with different capturing solvents and heterogeneous catalyst were critically summarized and briefly reviewed in the current paper. The main goal of this review is to provide fundamental insights and guidance for the future design of heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation of captured CO2 in amine/alkali metal hydroxide‐based solvents. Future research directions to advance the process of hydrogenation of captured CO2 were also recommended. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.