bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progresses on topological phenomena, time-driven phase transitions, and unconventional superconductivity
Authors: Guarcello C. , Citro R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this perspective we discuss three emerging fields of condensed matter physics which in recent years have attracted considerable attention. In particular, we consider the recent challenging topics on time-dependent phase transitions, topological phenomena, and unconventional superconductivity, with the aim to foster the community towards new applications and technological advancements. As for the time-dependent phase transitions, in recent years the experiments have shown light-induced phase transitions and new fields of application are emerging, including material design. Regarding topological materials, new challenges have arisen to detect the Majorana origin of quantized conductance in superconducting hybrid structures, as well as the effect of interaction on edge channels. Finally, concerning superconductivity, non-conventional pairing and correlation effects dominate the physics of a vast class of two-dimensional materials and novel devices were recently conceived. This work offers a comprehensive overview on these topics for promoting new ideas in these fertile fields of research.
Evidence of the Zakharov-Kolmogorov spectrum in numerical simulations of inertial wave turbulence
Authors: Le Reun T. , Favier B. , Le Bars M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Rotating turbulence is commonly known for being dominated by geostrophic vortices that are invariant along the rotation axis and undergo an inverse cascade. Yet, it has recently been shown to sustain fully three-dimensional states with a downscale energy cascade. In this letter, we investigate the statistical properties of three-dimensional rotating turbulence by the means of direct numerical simulations in a triply periodic box where geostrophic vortices are specifically damped. The resulting turbulent flow is an inertial wave turbulence that verifies the Zakharov-Kolmogorov spectrum derived analytically by Galtier (Galtier S., Phys. Rev. E, 68 (2003) 015301), thus offering numerical proof of the relevance of wave turbulence theory for three-dimensional, anisotropic waves. Lastly, we show that the same forcing leads to either geostrophic or wave turbulence depending on the initial conditions. Our results thus bring further evidence for bi-stability in rotating turbulent flows at low Rossby numbers.
CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis reveals a role for ABCB1 in gut immune responses toVibrio diazotrophicusin sea urchin larvae
Authors: Fleming Travis J. , Schrankel Catherine S. , Vyas Himanshu , Rosenblatt Hannah D. , Hamdoun Amro 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe ABC transporter ABCB1 plays an important role in the disposition of xenobiotics. Embryos of most species express high levels of this transporter in early development as a protective mechanism, but its native substrates are not known. Here, we used larvae of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus to characterize the early life expression and role of Sp-ABCB1a, a homolog of ABCB1. The results indicate that while Sp-ABCB1a is initially expressed ubiquitously, it becomes enriched in the developing gut. Using optimized CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing methods to achieve high editing efficiency in the F0 generation, we generated ABCB1a crispant embryos with significantly reduced transporter efflux activity. When infected with the opportunistic pathogen Vibrio diazotrophicus, Sp-ABCB1a crispant larvae demonstrated significantly stronger gut inflammation, immunocyte migration and cytokine Sp-IL-17 induction, as compared with infected control larvae. The results suggest an ancestral function of ABCB1 in host–microbial interactions, with implications for the survival of invertebrate larvae in the marine microbial environment.
Progeny ofXenopus laevisfrom altitudinal extremes display adaptive physiological performance
Authors: Wagener Carla , Kruger Natasha , Measey John 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTEnvironmental temperature variation generates adaptive phenotypic differentiation in widespread populations. We used a common garden experiment to determine whether offspring with varying parental origins display adaptive phenotypic variation related to different thermal conditions experienced in parental environments. We compared burst swimming performance and critical thermal limits of African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) tadpoles bred from adults captured at high (∼2000 m above sea level) and low (∼ 5 m above sea level) altitudes. Maternal origin significantly affected swimming performance. Optimal swimming performance temperature (Topt) had a &gt;9°C difference between tadpoles with low altitude maternal origins (pure- and cross-bred, 35.0°C) and high-altitude maternal origins (pure-bred, 25.5°C; cross-bred, 25.9°C). Parental origin significantly affected critical thermal (CT) limits. Pure-bred tadpoles with low-altitude parental origins had higher CTmax (37.8±0.8°C) than pure-bred tadpoles with high-altitude parental origins and all cross-bred tadpoles (37.0±0.8 and 37.1±0.8°C). Pure-bred tadpoles with low-altitude parental origins and all cross-bred tadpoles had higher CTmin (4.2±0.7 and 4.2±0.7°C) than pure-bred tadpoles with high-altitude parental origins (2.5±0.6°C). Our study shows that the varying thermal physiological traits of Xenopus laevis tadpoles are the result of adaptive responses to their parental thermal environments. This study is one of few demonstrating potential intraspecific evolution of critical thermal limits in a vertebrate species. Multi-generation common garden experiments and genetic analyses would be required to further tease apart the relative contribution of plastic and genetic effects to the adaptive phenotypic variation observed in these tadpoles.
Auditory perception of self and others in zebra finches: evidence from an operant discrimination task
Authors: Geberzahn Nicole , Zsebők Sándor , Derégnaucourt Sébastien 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTVocal communication is essential for social interactions in many animal species. For this purpose, an animal has to perceive vocal signals of conspecifics and is often also required to discriminate conspecifics. The capacity to discriminate conspecifics is particularly important in social species in which individuals interact repeatedly. In addition, auditory perception of self plays an important role for vocal learners. A vocal learner has to memorise vocalisations of conspecifics and to subsequently modify its own vocalisations in order to match the memorised vocalisations. Here, we investigated auditory perception of self and others in zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), a highly gregarious songbird species and vocal learner. We used laboratory colonies in which founder males had been previously trained to produce the same song type. This resulted in artificial dialects in the song of founders and their offspring. We investigated whether those birds would be able to discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar conspecifics based on song. Furthermore, we examined whether they would classify their own song as familiar or unfamiliar. We found that birds were able to discriminate between songs of familiar versus unfamiliar conspecifics, despite the fact that all songs were imitations of the same song type. This suggests that such discrimination is possible even based on songs with a high acoustic similarity. None of the subjects classified their own song as unfamiliar. Three out of eight males classified their own song as familiar. Thus zebra finches might recognise their own song. Further experiments are needed to confirm such self-recognition.
Multiple behavior-specific cancellation signals contribute to suppressing predictable sensory reafference in a cerebellum-like structure
Authors: Lai Nicole Y. , Bell Jordan M. , Bodznick David 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Movement induces sensory stimulation of an animal's own sensory receptors, termed reafference. With a few exceptions, notably vestibular and proprioception, this reafference is unwanted sensory noise and must be selectively filtered in order to detect relevant external sensory signals. In the cerebellum-like electrosensory nucleus of elasmobranch fish, an adaptive filter preserves novel signals by generating cancellation signals that suppress predictable reafference. A parallel fiber network supplies the principal Purkinje-like neurons (called ascending efferent neurons, AENs) with behavior-associated internal reference signals, including motor corollary discharge and sensory feedback, from which predictive cancellation signals are formed. How distinct behavior-specific cancellation signals interact within AENs when multiple behaviors co-occur and produce complex, changing patterns of reafference is unknown. Here, we show that when multiple streams of internal reference signals are available, cancellation signals form that are specific to parallel fiber inputs temporally correlated with, and therefore predictive of, sensory reafference. A single AEN has the capacity to form more than one cancellation signal, and AENs form multiple cancellation signals simultaneously and modify them independently during co-occurring behaviors. Cancellation signals update incrementally during continuous behaviors, as well as episodic bouts of behavior that last minutes to hours. Finally, individual AENs, independently of their neighbors, form unique AEN-specific cancellation signals that depend on the particular sensory reafferent input it receives. Together, these results demonstrate the capacity of the adaptive filter to utilize multiple cancellation signals to suppress dynamic patterns of reafference arising from complex co-occurring and intermittently performed behaviors.
Heat hardening in a pair of Anolis lizards: constraints, dynamics and ecological consequences
Authors: Deery Sean W. , Rej Julie E. , Haro Daniel , Gunderson Alex. R. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Heat tolerance plasticity is predicted to be an important buffer against global warming. Nonetheless, basal heat tolerance often correlates negatively with tolerance plasticity (‘trade-off hypothesis’), a constraint that could limit plasticity benefits. We tested the trade-off hypothesis at the individual level with respect to heat hardening in two lizard species, Anolis carolinensis and Anolis sagrei. Heat hardening is a rapid increase in heat tolerance after heat shock that is rarely measured in reptiles but is generally considered to be a first line of physiological defense against heat. We also employed a biophysical model of operative habitat temperatures to estimate the performance consequences of hardening under ecologically relevant conditions. Anolis carolinensis hardened by 2 h post-heat shock and maintained hardening for several hours. However, A. sagrei did not harden. Biophysical models showed that hardening in A. carolinensis reduces their overheating risk in the field. Therefore, while not all lizards heat harden, hardening has benefits for species that can. We initially found a negative relationship between basal tolerance and hardening within both species, consistent with the trade-off hypothesis. However, permutation analyses showed that the apparent trade-offs could not be differentiated from statistical artifact. We found the same result when we re-analyzed published data supporting the trade-off hypothesis in another lizard species. Our results show that false positives may be common when testing the trade-off hypothesis. Statistical approaches that account for this are critical to ensure that the hypothesis, which has broad implications for thermal adaptation and responses to warming, is assessed appropriately.
Associations Between Emotional Competence and Prosocial Behaviors With Peers Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Jahromi Laudan B. , Kirkman Katherine S. , Friedman Morgan A. , Nunnally Amanda Dimachkie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at risk for disrupted peer interactions. This study contributes to our understanding of how multiple foundational elements of emotional competence are related to children's prosocial behaviors with peers. Children with ASD demonstrated significantly lower non-stereotypical affective perspective taking, had lower ratings of emotion regulation, and showed differences from their typical peers in the use of discrete coping strategies during peer interactions. Children's emotion regulation and use of discrete coping strategies in the context of peers were associated with their prosocial behaviors one year later. The findings add to our understanding of how emotional development contributes to individual differences in the social-emotional behaviors of children with ASD. Implications for intervention are discussed.
Exploring Expressive Communication Skills in a Cross-Sectional Sample of Individuals With a Dual Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Down Syndrome
Authors: Cook Alexandria , Quinn Emily D. , Rowland Charity 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Individuals with a comorbid diagnosis of Down syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been found to exhibit greater deficits in expressive communication than individuals with DS only. We hypothesized that individuals with a comorbid diagnosis (n = 430) would have significantly lower Communication Matrix scores and specifically social communication scores than individuals with DS alone (n = 4,352). In a sample of 4,782 individuals with DS, scores for individuals with a comorbid diagnosis were on average 18.01 points and 7.26 points lower for total score and social score respectively as compared to individuals with DS. Comorbid diagnosis accounted for 10.5% of the variance in communication scores. Between-group differences in referential gestures and symbolic communication behaviors were also observed.
All-optical RF spectrum analyzer with a 5 THz bandwidth based on CMOS-compatible high-index doped silica waveguides
Authors: Li Yuhua , Kang Zhe , Zhu Kun , Ai Shiqi , Wang Xiang , Davidson Roy R. , Wu Yan , Morandotti Roberto , Little Brent E. , Moss David J. , Chu Sai Tak 
Published: March 2021

We report an all-optical radio-frequency (RF) spectrum analyzer with a
bandwidth greater than 5 THz, based on a 50 cm long spiral waveguide
in a CMOS-compatible high-index doped silica platform. By carefully
mapping out the dispersion profile of the waveguides for different
thicknesses, we identify the optimal design to achieve near-zero
dispersion in the C-band. To demonstrate the capability of the RF
spectrum analyzer, we measure the optical output of a femtosecond
fiber laser with an ultrafast optical RF spectrum in the terahertz
regime.
Environment-friendly antisolvent tert-amyl alcohol modified hybrid perovskite photodetector with high responsivity
Authors: Li Tengteng , Li Qingyan , Tang Xin , Chen Zhiliang , Li Yifan , Zhao Hongliang , Wang Silei , Ding Xin , Zhang Yating , Yao Jianquan 
Published: March 2021

The preparation of high-quality perovskite films with optimal morphologies is important for achieving high-performance perovskite photodetectors (PPDs). An effective strategy to optimize the morphologies is to add antisolvents during the spin-coating steps. In this work, a novel environment-friendly antisolvent tert-amyl alcohol (TAA) is employed first to improve the quality of perovskite films, which can effectively regulate the formation of an intermediate phase staged in between a liquid precursor phase and a solid perovskite phase due to its moderate polarity and further promote the homogeneous nucleation and crystal growth, thus leading to the formation of high-quality perovskite films and enhanced photodetector performance. As a result, the responsivity of the PPD reaches 1.56 A/W under the illumination of 532 nm laser with the power density of

6.37

μW
/

cm

2

at a bias voltage of

−
2

V

, which is good responsivity for PPDs with the vertical structure and only

CH

3

NH

3

PbI

3

perovskite as the photosensitive material. The corresponding detectivity reaches

1.47
×

10

12

Jones, while the linear dynamic range reaches 110 dB. These results demonstrate that our developed green antisolvent TAA has remarkable advantages for the fabrication of high-performance PPDs and can provide a reference for similar research work.
Evaluating the effects of embedded self-massage practice on strength performance: A randomized crossover pilot trial
Authors: Kerautret Yann , Guillot Aymeric , Di Rienzo Franck 
Published: March 2021

Background
Self-administered massage interventions with a roller massager are commonly used as part of warm-ups and post-workout recovery routines. There is yet no clear consensus regarding the practical guidelines for efficient embedded interventions.

Objectives
The present randomized crossover pilot trial aimed at examining the effects of a rolling intervention with a roller massager embedded within the rests periods of a resistance training protocol. The rolling intervention targeted quadriceps muscles.

Setting
Participants (n = 14) performed two resistance training protocols expected to elicit momentary muscle failure. The protocol consisted in 10 sets of 10 rest-pause repetitions of back squats, with a poundage set up at 50% of the maximal one-repetition. Two min were allocated to recovery between sets. During the recovery periods, participants completed a rolling routine with a roller massager for 60 s (Roller-massager), or underwent passive recovery (Control). The total workload, concentric power, thigh circumference rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) from 24 h to 120 h after completion of the protocol were the dependent variables.

Results
Roller-massager was associated with a reduction in total workload (-11.6%), concentric power (-5.1%) and an increase in perceived exertion compared to Control (p < 0.05). Roller-massager was also associated with reduced thigh circumference after the resistance training protocol, indicating reduced muscle swelling, and reduced DOMS 24 h to 120 h post-workout (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
These findings support that embedded rolling with a roller massager hinders performance and increases effort perception. Embedded interventions may not be suitable during conditioning periods designed to maximize training intensity.
TRADISI MOING KE KUBURAN PADA 1 SYAWAL HARI RAYA IDUL FITRI DI DESA SIMPANG EMPAT, KECAMATAN TANGARAN, KABUPATEN SAMBAS
Authors: Wiryawan Hadi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper would like to explain the hadith study of the tradition of "moing to the grave" conducted on 1 Shawwal of Idul Fitri in Simpang Empat village, Tangaran District, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. As for the data collection process, it is more dominant by taking the results of the interviews, also by including the literature that discusses this. The results of this study indicate that the tradition of moing to the grave has existed since the past and continues to develop along with the times. In addition, the tradition has Islamic values in it, namely: silaturahim, forgiving, and praying. Besides this tradition shows a lot of wisdom in it namely; remembering death, friendship, increasing the spirit of worship, and the most important thing is getting the reward.Keyword: moing ke kuburan; ziarah kubur; idul fitri AbstrakTulisan ini hendak menjelaskan kajian hadis mengenai tradisi “moing ke kuburan” yang dilakukan pada 1 Syawal hari raya Idul Fitri di desa Simpang Empat, Kecamatan Tangaran, Kabupaten Sambas, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Adapun dalam proses pengambilan data lebih dominan dengan mengambil dari hasil wawancara, juga dengan menyertakan literatur-literatur yang membahas hal demikian. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwasanya tradisi moing ke kuburan telah ada sejak dahulu dan terus berkembang dengan seiring perkembangan zaman. Selain itu, tradisi tersebut memiliki nilai-nilai Islam di dalamnya yakni: silaturahmi, bermaaf-maafan, dan berdoa. Selain itu tradisi tersebut menunjukkan banyak hikmah di dalamnya yakni; mengingat kematian, silaturahmi, meningkatkan semangat beribadah, dan yang paling penting adalah mendapatkan pahala.Kata kunci: moing ke kuburan; ziarah kubur; idul fitri
The position of the genitive in Old English prose: Intertextual differences and the role of Latin
Authors: Cichosz Anna , Grabski Maciej 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe present article is a systematic, large-scale corpus study of the varying position of the Old English adnominal genitive. Particular focus is put on intertextual variation and the potential influence of Latin, which is analysed alongside such intra-linguistic factors as syntactic weight and the animacy of the referent. The model of logistic regression adopted helps address a key issue in studies on genitive placement, namely, if and how multiple variables exert combined impact on the choice of the variant. The paper highlights the importance of a bottom-to-top approach in studies of older English syntax, as global tendencies turn out to be the corollary of significantly different contributions on the level of individual texts, whose translation status (original composition or translation) is also of importance to the variation studied.
Braucht Deutschland eine Wegzugsbesteuerung für Akademiker?
Authors: Hubmann Maximilian 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungEinkommen aus Human- und Sachkapital werden steuerrechtlich sowohl in nationalen als auch in grenzüberschreitenden Sachverhalten unterschiedlich behandelt. Dem Grundsatz des Äquivalenzprinzips folgend soll mit der Besteuerung von Einkommen und Vermögen ein pauschalierter Ausgleich für die Nutzung staatlicher Leistungen erhoben werden. Bei Unternehmen wird so die Besteuerung der stillen Reserven begründet, wenn diese Wirtschaftsgüter ins Ausland übertragen oder ihren Sitz verlegen. Beim Wegzug natürlicher Personen werden ebenfalls die stillen Reserven des Sachkapitals besteuert, nicht jedoch das Humankapital. Dies stellt insbesondere bei Hochschulabsolventen eine steuerliche Ungleichbehandlung dar, da der Zugang zu Hochschulbildung weitestgehend steuerfinanziert ist. Sofern nach dem Ende des Studiums ein Wegzug ins Ausland erfolgt, wird diese staatlich geförderte Humankapitalakkumulation im Staat des Kapitalerwerbs nicht besteuert.Maximilian Hubmann greift die unterschiedliche Besteuerung von Human- und Sachkapital in Deutschland auf und untersucht, inwiefern (Un-)Gleichbehandlung vorliegt. Insbesondere wird aufgezeigt, dass Asymmetrien in der Wegzugsbesteuerung vor dem Hintergrund des Äquivalenzprinzips und des Leistungsfähigkeitsprinzips nicht gerechtfertigt sind.
Social media: Are the lines between professional and personal use blurring?
Authors: Cassano Rizzuti Josie 
Published: March 2021

A key aspect of understanding communications in a global environment is understanding social media usage. With the recent dramatic increase in social media usage in the past decade, the incorporation of social media and online platforms into communication strategies of organizations has been intensively discussed and researched. This study investigates social media usage at a global manufacturer to understand how it is being used for business purposes. Are personal and professional lines blurring with social media use? With the increased use of social media in the workplace, our professional and personal lives are increasingly becoming intertwined. The literature suggests that social media interaction and managing the boundaries is more difficult online than offline. Social media is where the lines are blurred between our professional and private lives. It is where we share our food, music, movies, pictures, purchases, politics, and our every-day patterns, alongside our daily professions, on display for the entire world to see.

Keywords: social media, strategy, digital, issues, communication, professional