bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular treatment for vaccine-induced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and thrombocytopenia following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination: a report of three cases
Authors: Cleaver Jonathan , Ibitoye Richard , Morrison Hamish , Flood Richard , Crewdson Kate , Marsh Aidan , Abhinav Kumar , Bosnell Rose , Crossley Robert , Mortimer Alex 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundVaccine-induced thrombosis and thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare complication following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is overrepresented in VITT and is often associated with multifocal venous thromboses, concomitant hemorrhage and poor outcomes. Hitherto, endovascular treatments have not been reviewed in VITT-related CVST.MethodsPatient records from a tertiary neurosciences center were reviewed to identify patients who had endovascular treatment for CVST in VITT.ResultsPatient records from 1 January 2021 to 20 July 2021 identified three patients who underwent endovascular treatment for CVST in the context of VITT. All were female and the median age was 52 years. The location of the CVST was highly variable. Two-thirds of the patients had multifocal dural sinus thromboses (sigmoid, transverse, straight and superior sagittal) as well as internal jugular vein thromboses. Intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in all patients; subarachnoid blood was noted in two of them, and intraparenchymal hemorrhage occurred in all. There was one periprocedural parenchymal extravasation which abated on temporary cessation of anticoagulation. Outcome data revealed a 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 2 in all cases.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that endovascular treatment for VITT-associated CVST is feasible and can be safe in cases that deteriorate despite medical therapy. Extensive clot burden, concomitant hemorrhage, rapid clinical progression and persistent rises in intracranial pressure should initiate multidisciplinary team discussion for endovascular treatment in appropriate cases.
Comparing the population structure of the specialist Butler’s Gartersnake (Thamnophis butleri) and the generalist Eastern Gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis) in Ontario (Canada) and Michigan (USA)
Authors: Snetsinger Megan , Row Jeffrey R. , Hazell Megan E. , Plain Dennis , Lougheed Stephen C. 
Published: November 2021

Species differing in life-history attributes vary in their responses to features within a shared landscape. We evaluated genetic structure of sympatric gartersnake species in southwestern Ontario (Canada) and southeastern Michigan (USA), where habitat fragmentation is high due to agriculture and urbanization. We surveyed genetic structure of a habitat specialist, Butler’s Gartersnake (Thamnophis butleri (Cope, 1889)), and a habitat generalist, Eastern Gartersnake (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis (Linnaeus, 1758)), using DNA microsatellites. Bayesian clustering, discriminant analysis of principal components, and pairwise population comparisons revealed genetic differentiation among three major regional clusters of Butler’s Gartersnake with evidence of further division within one. Genetic clustering of Butler’s Gartersnake suggest that inhospitable habitat limits dispersal. Eastern Gartersnakes showed less structure, with assignment tests implying a single genetic cluster. We found positive significant Mantel’s r for both species in the smallest distance class (<15 km), but significant isolation by distance for Butler’s Gartersnake only. These findings together imply that connectivity for Eastern Gartersnakes is less impacted by habitat loss and fragmentation or that we were less able to detect their effects. Our study shows the value of multispecies comparisons in studies seeking to understand the underlying causes of genetic structure in natural populations.
Muon $$g-2$$ anomaly and $$\mu $$–$$\tau $$-philic Higgs doublet with a light CP-even component
Authors: Wang Hong-Xin , Wang Lei , Zhang Yang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe examine the possibilities of accommodating the muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

anomaly released by Fermilab in the 2HDM with a discrete $$Z_4$$

Z
4

symmetry in which an inert Higgs doublet field ($$H,~A,~H^\pm $$

H
,

A
,

H
±

) has the lepton flavor violation $$\mu $$
μ
–$$\tau $$
τ
interactions. We assume the Yukawa matrices to be real and symmetrical and investigate the case of light H (5 GeV $$<m_H<$$

<

m
H

<

115 GeV). After imposing relevant theoretical and experimental constraints, especially for the multi-lepton searches at the LHC, we find that the muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

anomaly can be explained within $$2\sigma $$

2
σ

confidence level in the region of 5 GeV $$<m_H<20$$

<

m
H

<
20

GeV, 130 GeV $$< m_A~(m_{H^\pm })<$$

<

m
A

(

m

H
±

)

<

610 GeV, and 0.005 $$<\rho<$$

<
ρ
<

0.014. Meanwhile, the $$\chi ^2_\tau $$

χ
τ
2

fitting the data of lepton flavour universality in the $$\tau $$
τ
decays approaches to the SM prediction.
Holographic QCD and the muon anomalous magnetic moment
Authors: Leutgeb Josef , Mager Jonas , Rebhan Anton 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe review the recent progress made in using holographic QCD to study hadronic contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, in particular the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution, where the short-distance constraints associated with the axial anomaly are notoriously difficult to satisfy in hadronic models. This requires the summation of an infinite tower of axial vector mesons, which is naturally present in holographic QCD models, and indeed takes care of the longitudinal short-distance constraint due to Melnikov and Vainshtein. Numerically the results of simple hard-wall holographic QCD models point to larger contributions from axial vector mesons than assumed previously, while the predicted contributions from pseudo-Goldstone bosons agree nicely with data-driven approaches.
The morphological and compositional changes of bimetallic Ti/Al thin film induced by ultra-short laser pulses
Authors: Gaković B. , Danilov P. A. , Kudryashov S. I. , Milovanović D. , Radulović A. , Panjan P. , Ionin A. A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Results regarding morphological and compositional changes of bimetallic thin film (BMTF), composed of aluminium (Al) and titanium (Ti) nano-layers, by single fs laser pulses, are presented. Laser irradiation was conducted in the air with focused, linearly polarized laser pulses, the duration being 300 fs, wavelength 515 nm, and pulse energy up to $$1.2~\upmu \hbox {J}$$

1.2

μ
J

. Effects of the variations of the pulse energy on the changes were studied. In the experiment, single pulse energy values from 0.03 to 0.08 $$\upmu \hbox {J}$$

μ
J

caused ablation–photomechanical spallation of the upper part of BMTF layer from the Si substrate, without ablation of the whole film. Irradiation at higher pulse energies gradually removed the whole BMTF and even a part of the Si substrate. We explained the influence of different electron–phonon dynamics, in the case of multilayered thin films composed of Al and Ti, on BMTF ablation. Damage/ablation threshold, which is minimal pulse energy/fluence sufficient for starting ablation, was calculated.

Graphic abstract
Muon detection at FCC-ee
Authors: Braibant Sylvie , Giacomelli Paolo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMuons provide a clean experimental signature, typically traversing the whole experimental apparatus without decaying. Muon detection systems are therefore usually located at a rather large distance from the primary interaction vertex after all other sub-detectors. As such, experimental apparatuses at FCC-ee will certainly employ very large muon systems, covering areas of a few thousand square meters. For obvious reasons of cost, the most suitable detectors to realise these large muon systems are gas detectors. In particular, in recent years, micro-pattern gas detectors (MPGDs) have undergone very interesting developments, providing several new types of detectors with very good spatial and time resolution, high efficiency, high rate capability and high radiation tolerance. The good position and time resolution makes a MPGD an excellent particle tracker, reconstructing tracks at 4–5 m from the primary interaction vertex with sub-mm precision. Therefore MPGDs, apart from efficiently detecting muons, can precisely track and help identifying also hypothesized long lived particles (LLP) that would decay outside of the central trackers. MPGDs have the distinct advantage of being, at least for some detectors and some parts of them, mass-producible by industry, since they employ materials and manufacturing procedures that are used extensively for printed circuit boards (PCB) production. A particularly innovative MPGD, the $$\mu $$
μ
RWELL, is considered as a possible candidate to build the large muon system of the IDEA detector concept for FCC-ee and is described in some more detail. Other technologies that could be considered for the realisation of muon detection systems are also briefly discussed.
Prediction of Cavitation Evolution and Cavitation Erosion on Centrifugal Pump Blades by the DCM-RNG Method
Authors: Zhu Han , Qiu Ning , Wang Chuan , Si Qiaorui , Wu Jie , Deng Fanjie , Liu Xiang 
Published: November 2021

Cavitation can reduce the efficiency and service life of the centrifugal pumps, and a long-term operation under cavitation conditions will cause cavitation damage on the surface of material. The external characteristic test of the IS65-50-174 single-stage centrifugal pump was carried out. Moreover, the cavitation mechanism under specific conditions was analyzed by numerical simulation. Considering the macroscopic cavitation flow structure in the centrifugal pump, three different cavitation erosion prediction methods were used to predict the erodible areas. The results show that the calculation results obtained by the density correction method (DCM) can well match the flow characteristics of the centrifugal pump under the rated conditions. When the centrifugal pump head drops by 3%, cavitation mainly occurs on the suction surface, and the cavity on the pressure surface is mainly concentrated near the front cover. The cavitation prediction method based on the time derivation of pressure change is not suitable for centrifugal pumps, while the prediction result of the erosive power method is more reasonable than the others. At time 0.493114 s, the maximum erosive power appears on the blade near the volute tongue, and its value is

1.46
e
−
04

W.
Pore Preservation and Failure Mechanism of Sinian Dengying Formation Carbonate Reservoirs: A Case Study of Two Ultradeep Wells in the Sichuan Basin, Western China
Authors: Li Zeqi , Sun Wei , Liu Shugen , Li Zhiwu , Deng Bin , Wu Juan , Ding Yi , Jiao Kun , Jin Xin , Lu Pengda , Tian Tengzhen 
Published: November 2021

Despite being one of the most important factors in deep oil and gas exploration, the preservation mechanisms of ultradeep carbonate reservoirs remain poorly understood. This study performed thin-section, geochemistry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, fluid inclusion, and basin model analysis of samples from two boreholes over 8,000 m deep in the Sichuan Basin to determine the pore features and preservation mechanism of the Sinian (Ediacaran) Dengying Formation carbonate reservoirs. The reservoir of CS well #1 is characterised by pore diameters larger than a centimetre (average porosity 7.48%; permeability 0.8562 mD), and the pores are mainly filled with dolomite or bitumen. In contrast, the reservoir of MS well #1 is predominantly composed of micron-scale residual pores (average porosity 1.74%; permeability 0.0072 mD), and the pores are typically filled with dolomite, bitumen, and multistage quartz. The burial thermal histories suggest that both reservoirs were subjected to high pressure (i.e.,

pressure

coefficient
>
1.5

) before the Late Cretaceous. However, the pressure coefficient of the reservoir of MS well #1 has decreased to less than 1.0 owing to strong structural adjustment this well since the Late Cretaceous, which allowed other ore-forming fluids to enter and fill the pores, resulting in further compaction of the pores. In contrast, the pressure coefficient of CS well #1 is 1.1–1.2, which effectively prevented other ore-forming fluids from entering and filling the pores. The findings show that the dynamic adjustment of the Dengying Formation palaeo-gas reservoir indirectly affects the preservation or failure of the reservoir. The occurrence and geometry of bitumen in the Dengying reservoir exhibit good consistency with the pressure changes in both boreholes. In particular, bitumen with an annular shape and contraction joints in reservoir pores is widespread in CS well #1, which is attributed to the continuous preservation of palaeo-gas fields. Conversely, bitumen with a broken particle shape is located among the epigenetic minerals widespread in MS well #1, which is attributed to failure and depletion of the palaeo-gas fields.
Outcome and Immune Correlates of a Phase II Trial of High-Dose Interleukin-2 and Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hannan Raquibul , Mohamad Osama , Diaz de Leon Alberto , Manna Subrata , Pop Laurentiu M. , Zhang Ze , Mannala Samantha , Christie Alana , Christley Scott , Monson Nancy , Ishihara Dan , Hsu Eric J. , Ahn Chul , Kapur Payal , Chen Mingyi , Arriaga Yull , Courtney Kevin , Cantarel Brandi , Wakeland Edward K. , Fu Yang-Xin , Pedrosa Ivan , Cowell Lindsay , Wang Tao , Margulis Vitaly , Choy Hak , Timmerman Robert D. , Brugarolas James 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurpose:This phase II clinical trial evaluated whether the addition of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SAbR), which may promote tumor antigen presentation, improves the overall response rate (ORR) to high-dose IL2 (HD IL2) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Patients and Methods:Patients with pathologic evidence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and radiographic evidence of metastasis were enrolled in this single-arm trial and were treated with SAbR, followed by HD IL2. ORR was assessed based on nonirradiated metastases. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), toxicity, and treatment-related tumor-specific immune response. Correlative studies involved whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing, T-cell receptor sequencing, cytokine analysis, and mass cytometry on patient samples.Results:Thirty ethnically diverse mRCC patients were enrolled. A median of two metastases were treated with SAbR. Among 25 patients evaluable by RECIST v1.1, ORR was 16% with 8% complete responses. Median OS was 37 months. Treatment-related adverse events (AE) included 22 grade ≥3 events that were not dissimilar from HD IL2 alone. There were no grade 5 AEs. A correlation was observed between SAbR to lung metastases and improved PFS (P = 0.0165). Clinical benefit correlated with frameshift mutational load, mast cell tumor infiltration, decreased circulating tumor-associated T-cell clones, and T-cell clonal expansion. Higher regulatory/CD8+ T-cell ratios at baseline in the tumor and periphery correlated with no clinical benefit.Conclusions:Adding SAbR did not improve the response rate to HD IL2 in patients with mRCC in this study. Tissue analyses suggest a possible correlation between frameshift mutation load as well as tumor immune infiltrates and clinical outcomes.
Abstract PO-005: Proteome profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) primary tumors in Caucasian, African American and Latinx patients
Authors: Law Henry C. H. , Riner Andrea N. , Trevino Jose G. , Woods Nicholas T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The clinical management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) faces difficult challenges due to its aggressive metastatic potential, complex microenvironment, and lack of targeted therapies. Health disparities also exacerbate these challenges. For instance, African and African Americans have higher incidence rates and worse clinical outcomes than Whites even when socioeconomic and tumor stages are controlled. To advance the understanding of the biological differences across the racial groups, the PDAC primary tumors collected from 30 Caucasian, 12 African American (AA) and 3 Latinx patients were analyzed by quantitative proteomics. In collaboration with the IDeA National Resource for Quantitative Proteomics, 5820 proteins were identified and quantified using data-independent acquisition (DIA) in the tumor proteome. Comparing the Latinx and the Caucasian tumor proteome, 120 and 95 proteins were found up- and down-regulated in the Latinx proteome. Proteins involved in the fatty acid metabolism, urea cycle, bile acid and bile salt metabolism were found enriched among the upregulated proteins. 108 and 75 proteins were found up- and down-regulated in African American tumor proteome over the Caucasians. The 108 upregulated proteins were submitted for Reactome Pathway Analysis. Pathways such as the complement cascade, extracellular matrix organization and ECM proteoglycans were found enriched. Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR) was one of the 108 upregulated proteins in the AA tumor proteome, which is also observed at the transcript level in the TCGA data. The HPR is known for its trypanolytic function and gene amplifications are observed in those of African descent. HPR works with haptoglobin (HP) to clear the free hemoglobin in blood to prevent oxidative damage. We believe that the proteins overexpressed, and the biological processes activated are contributing to the PDAC disparities observed in the African descendants. Therefore, the characterization of the PDAC proteome is a valuable method to delineate the underlying molecular signatures that may contribute to the health disparities.
Citation Format: Henry C. H. Law, Andrea N. Riner, Jose G. Trevino, Nicholas T. Woods. Proteome profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) primary tumors in Caucasian, African American and Latinx patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-005.
Abstract PO-014: VISTA: VIsual Semantic Tissue Analysis for pancreatic disease quantification in murine cohorts
Authors: Ternes Luke , Huang Ge , Lanciault Christian , Thibault Guillaume , Riggers Rachelle , Gray Joe , Muschler John , Chang Young Hwan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective and quantifiable assessment of tissue pathology is necessary to study mechanistic disease progression; however, current quantification methods based on tissue staining have many drawbacks including cost, time, labor, batch effects, as well as uneven staining which can result in misinterpretation and investigator bias. Here we present VISTA, an automated deep learning tool for semantic segmentation and quantification of histologic features from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained pancreatic tissue sections. VISTA is trained to identify four key tissue types in developing murine PDAC samples: normal acinar, acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), dysplasia, and other normal tissue. Predicted segmentations were quantitatively evaluated against pathologist annotation with Dice Coefficients, achieving scores of 0.79, 0.70, 0.79 for normal acinar, ADM, and dysplasia, respectively. Predictions were evaluated against biological ground truth using the mean structural similarity index to immunostainings amylase and pan-keratin (0.925 and 0.920, respectively). The total area of feature prediction was also correlated to the area of immunostaining in whole tissue sections using spearman correlation (0.86, 0.97, and 0.92 for DAPI, amylase, and cytokeratins, respectively). Importantly, our tool is not only able to predict staining information, but it is able to distinguish between ADM and dysplasia, which are not reliably distinguished with common immunostaining methods, showing VISTA’s potential to expand research beyond what is capable with current standards. As a use case example of VISTA, we quantified abundance of histologic features in murine cohorts with oncogenic Kras-driven disease. We observed stromal expansion, a reduction in normal acinar, and an increase in both ADM and dysplasia as the disease progresses, which matches known biology. Since VISTA is an automated algorithm, it can accelerate histological analysis and improve the consistency of quantification between laboratories and investigators. This work has been published in Nature Scientific Reports, and the code is available on github at https://github.com/GelatinFrogs/MicePan-Segmentation.
Citation Format: Luke Ternes, Ge Huang, Christian Lanciault, Guillaume Thibault, Rachelle Riggers, Joe Gray, John Muschler, Young Hwan Chang. VISTA: VIsual Semantic Tissue Analysis for pancreatic disease quantification in murine cohorts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-014.
Abstract PO-017: Application of oncolytic adenovirus to desmoplastic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Hossain Elora , Higashino Fumihiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the highly malignant tumors with the poorest prognosis worldwide. The five-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients is 5%. PDAC comprises a dense fibrotic stroma with an extracellular matrix produced by activated-human pancreatic stellate cells (HPSC), which helps tumor growth, infiltration and metastasis. It is the main reason for chemotherapy resistance since fibrotic stroma is impenetrable for drug delivery. AU-rich elements (ARE) are RNA elements commonly present in the 3’-UTR of certain mRNAs that encode many early response genes or growth-related genes such as proto-oncogenes. ARE enhances the rapid decay of mRNAs, and the fate of ARE-mRNA is controlled by ARE-binding proteins HuR. ARE-mRNA is stabilized in most types of cancers mediate by binding with HuR, which exports target ARE-mRNA to the cytoplasm. We have developed E4orf6-deficient adenovirus dl355 as an oncolytic virus. E4orf6 is a viral gene essential for viral replication and contributes to viral replication by stabilizing ARE-mRNA in infected cells. Therefore, dl355 can replicate only in cancer cells in which ARE-mRNA is stabilized and lyses the cells. If ARE-mRNA is stabilized not only in PDAC but also in the activated-HPSC, dl355 may be effective for surrounding fibrosis. We found that HuR was relocalized in the cytoplasm of human PDAC and HPSC activated by TGFβ-1. The co-culture enhanced HuR export of MIA PaCa-2 with activated-HPSC. Inhibition of HuR function using CMLD-2 reagent inactivated the growth, invasion and metastasis activities of PDAC. The proliferative and cytopathic effects of dl355 were very high with PDAC and even with activated-HPSC compared to quiescent cells. These results indicate that oncolytic adenovirus dl355 shows potentiality to kill both pancreatic cancer cells and activated-pancreatic stellate cells where an abundance of HuR in the cytoplasm. dl355 has the potential to overcome several critical hurdles proposed by the tumor microenvironment of desmoplastic pancreatic tumors.
Citation Format: Elora Hossain, Fumihiro Higashino. Application of oncolytic adenovirus to desmoplastic pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-017.