bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Self‐Reinforced “Microglia Energy Modulator” for Synergistic Amyloid‐β Clearance in Alzheimer's Disease Model
Authors: Ma Mengmeng , Wang Jing , Guo Kaiming , Zhong Wenbin , Cheng Yu , Lin Li , Zhao Yanli 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMicroglial phagocytosis is a highly energy‐consuming process that plays critical roles in clearing neurotoxic amyloid‐β (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, microglial metabolism is defective overall in AD, thereby undermining microglial phagocytic functions. Herein, we repurpose the existing antineoplastic drug lonidamine (LND) conjugated with hollow mesoporous Prussian blue (HMPB) as a “microglial energy modulator” (termed LND@HMPB‐T7) for safe and synergistic Aβ clearance. The modified blood–brain barrier penetrating heptapeptide (T7) enables efficient transport of LND@HMPB‐T7 to the AD brain. LND in LND@HMPB‐T7 could fuel Aβ phagocytosis by stimulating microglial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, whereas HMPB with catalase and superoxide dismutase‐mimicking activities substantially alleviates the mitochondrial side effects commonly associated with LND and thus further enhances ATP production. The synergism of LND and nanozyme affords a high microglial Aβ clearance efficacy without triggering mitochondrial dysfunction. In vivo experiments ascertain that LND@HMPB‐T7 could synergistically promote phagocytic clearance of Aβ, relieve neuroinflammation and ameliorate cognitive function in AD mice. These findings indicate that LND@HMPB‐T7 holds tremendous clinical potential as a repurposed drug for AD treatment.
Hybrid Enzyme‐Electrocatalyst Cascade Modified Gas‐Diffusion Electrodes for Methanol Formation from Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Wang Panpan , Wang Xin , Chandra Shubhadeep , Lielpetere Anna , Quast Thomas , Conzuelo Felipe , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe propose a hybrid electrocatalytic‐bioelectrocatalytic reaction cascade integrated on a gas diffusion electrode for CO2 reduction under selective formation of methanol. Ag‐Bi2O3 selectively reduces gaseous CO2 to formate at neutral pH conditions. A subsequent enzymatic cascade comprising formaldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase, which are both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)‐dependent, further reduce formate sequentially to formaldehyde and methanol. The enzymatically oxidized redox cofactor NAD+ is regenerated through the enzyme diaphorase which is electrochemically coupled to the electrode by embedding it into a cobaltocene‐based low‐potential redox polymer. Methanol formation is confirmed using a highly selective biosensor based on alcohol oxidase in combination with horseradish peroxidase integrated into a specifically adapted redox polymer. The proposed hybrid electrocatalytic‐bioelectrocatalytic cascade is an example for a general strategy for enhancing the selectivity of electrocatalytic reactions and/or to replace bioelectrochemically challenging steps such as the synthesis of formate from CO2 using highly oxygen‐sensitive formate dehydrogenases by more robust inorganic electrocatalysts.
Multifaceted Hidden Catalysis Revealed by Mechanistic Analysis of FeBr3‐Catalysed Arene Borylation
Authors: Britton Luke , Bage Andrew D. , McOnie Sarah L. , Thomas Stephen P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractArene borylation reactions provide direct access to aryl organoboranes, including aryl boronic esters. Precious metals, namely Ir, Rh, Pt, remain the go‐to for metal‐catalysed borylation reactions, however, significant efforts have been expended in developing Earth‐abundant metal alternatives. The iron‐catalysed borylation of 2‐aryl pyridine derivatives with 9‐borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (H‐B‐9‐BBN) offers unique reactivity by using only FeBr3 as the catalyst, without added ligand(s). Mechanistic analysis of this borylation reaction revealed an alternative, hidden catalysis pathway whereby the iron salt acts not as a borylation catalyst, but as an initiator for the generation of a catalytically active haloborane, Br‐B‐9‐BBN. The roles of iron salt, Br‐B‐9‐BBN, and HBr in catalyst formation, the mode of catalytic turnover, and catalyst regeneration were all determined using single‐turnover and catalytic studies. The borylation reaction was found to proceed by a catalytic electrophilic borylation using, in situ generated, Br‐B‐9‐BBN. These studies highlight a new, orthogonal method of generating haloboranes and their previously unobserved role as hidden catalysts within arene borylation reactions.
Flavonoid‐Derived Probes for the Detection of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Aggregates
Authors: Luo Zijie , Xu Yijia , Fan Jiayi , Lean Isabel E. , Davis Thomas P. , Javed Ibrahim , Kaur Amandeep 
Published: December 2024

AbstractType‐2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing global health crisis, with over 90% of diabetes cases attributed to this condition. Misfolding and aggregation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is a hallmark of early T2D, contributing to pancreatic β‐cell dysfunction. While significant progress has been made in developing sensors for amyloids implicated in neurodegeneration, fluorescent probes for detecting IAPP aggregates remain limited. We report a series of flavonoid derivatives designed for enhanced IAPP fibril detection. The probes feature modifications, including methoxy substitution at C7 and varying amines at C4, which enhance their binding affinity for IAPP fibrils compared to the widely used Thioflavin T (ThT). The leading probes, F4 and MF1, exhibited over 10‐fold increased binding affinity compared to ThT, alongside ratiometric fluorescence due to excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer. F4 and MF1 were applied to image IAPP aggregates in pancreatic β‐cells and zebrafish tissue sections, where both probes demonstrated specific imaging of IAPP fibrils. These probes also demonstrated reduced fluorescence when IAPP monomers were incubated with inhibitors, indicating fibril disassembly. Our results position F4 and MF1 as promising tools for exploring the pathological role of IAPP aggregation in diabetes and for high‐throughput screening of IAPP aggregation inhibitors.
Poly(aminoamide) Based Fluorescent Microgel: A Functional Platform for Selective Detection and Discrimination of Cu2+ and Pb2+ Ions via Turn‐off/on Behavior in Water
Authors: Ghosh Soumen , Anand Aayush , Chattopadhyay Subrata 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSelective detection of more than one metal ion contaminant in water using a single fluorescent probe is challenging. In this work, a one‐pot synthetic approach is presented to prepare fluorescent poly(aminoamide) microgel, which can detect simultaneously and selectively both Cu2+ and Pb2+ by fluorescent turn off and turn on at pH 7 and 12 respectively. Further, while testing water containing a mixture of both Cu2+ and Pb2+ as contaminants, the microgel can detect the characteristic presence of Cu2+ at pH 7 and Pb2+ at pH 12 via their respective turn‐off and on behavior. The mechanistic studies revealed that the dynamic quenching defines the fluorescent turn‐off behavior of the microgel in the presence of Cu2+. On the other hand, aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) is primarily responsible for the fluorescent turn‐on of the microgel in the presence of Pb2+. Additionally, applicability of microgels in real life industrial applications are checked by detecting the presence of both analytes in waste water sample collected from a local sewage treatment plant (STP water).
Visible‐Light‐Driven CO₂ Reduction Using Imidazole‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts.
Authors: Bhunia Asamanjoy , Jana Anupam , Saha Sinthia , Mondal Suvendu Sekhar , Kaur Navjot 
Published: December 2024

The development of robust, efficient, and cost‐effective heterogeneous photocatalysts for visible light‐driven CO2 reduction continues to be a significant challenge in the quest for sustainable energy solutions. As a result, increasing attention is being directed towards the exploration of high‐performance photocatalysts capable of converting CO2 into chemical feedstocks. Imidazolate Frameworks Potsdam (IFPs) can be a promising candidate for CO2 photoreduction due to their ease of synthesis, use of low‐cost, earth‐abundant metals, and high chemical and thermal stability. Herein, we report the synthesis of Zn(II)‐ and Co(II)‐based IFPs, specifically IFP‐1(Zn) and IFP‐5(Co), for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Moreover, we demonstrate the enhanced photocatalytic activity of redox‐innocent Zn‐based IFP‐1 by partially substituting Zn(II) with redox‐active Co(II) in IFP‐1(Zn), resulting in the formation of a bimetallic photocatalyst, IFP‐1(Zn/Co). The IFP‐1(Zn/Co) exhibited significantly improved CO evolution (637 μmol g−1 in 1 hour), compared to the pristine IFP‐1(Zn) (29 μmol g−1). Among all the prepared photocatalysts, IFP‐5(Co) outperformed both the systems, achieving a CO evolution of 1174 μmol g−1 within 1 hour, due to the presence of catalytic cobalt sites. In addition, through the combination of photophysical and electrochemical studies, along with DFT calculations, we have proposed a plausible mechanism for the photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Dual Activities of Flower‐Like Gold‐Iron Oxide Nanozyme for Peroxidase‐Mimicking and Glucose Detection
Authors: Bharti Kanika , Dalal Sancharika , Tyagi Avni , K. Sadhu Kalyan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNanozymes, constituting of inorganic nanomaterials, are the sustainable and cost‐effective alternatives of the naturally abundant enzymes. For more than a decade, nanozymes have shown astonishingly enhanced enzymatic activity as compared to its naturally occurring counterpart and emerged as a potential platform in biomedical science. The current study reports a novel flower shaped gold‐iron oxide nanocomposite prepared via a facile and green solution phase redox mediated synthesis. The precursor gold salt conversion to nanometallic Au(0) is mediated by iron metal powder, which acts both as reductant and metal source in the resultant gold nanoparticle decorated iron oxide nanocomposite. Calcination of the synthesized nanocomposites leads to morphological evolution into unique flower shape with improved homogeneity between gold and iron components along with metal surface exposure. The gold‐iron oxide nanocomposites have been utilized first time for peroxidase mimicking study and exhibit enhanced catalytic activity at 25 °C with low Michaelis‐Menten constant (Km) and higher maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) as compared to the natural enzyme Horseradish peroxidase (HRP). In addition, combined assembly of this nanozyme with natural enzyme glucose oxidase also serves a potential platform for the visible colorimetric detection and quantification of glucose with limit of detection (LOD) of 15 μM.
An educated society is an ideas‐informed society: A proposed theoretical framework for effective ideas engagement
Authors: Brown Chris , Luzmore Ruth 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe term ‘ideas‐informed society’ describes democracies in which citizens believe in the value of staying well‐informed and up‐to‐date with current affairs. They also put these beliefs into action: critically engaging with new ideas and perspectives, delving into scientific discoveries or emerging technologies and exploring aspects of history and culture. Likewise, they stay abreast of political, economic and health‐related events, new products, new forms of media and so on. While ideas engagement can, in theory, lead to citizens becoming better informed, better able to engage in effective decision‐making and better able to understand the world around them, these benefits do not reach everybody. Likewise, in the ideas ecosystem generally, we can often see ‘dark’ ideas winning through: resulting in less optimal outcomes for both citizens and nations. While interest in the notion of the ideas‐informed society is burgeoning, we argue that, if future research is to be effectively positioned to support meaningful ideas engagement, what is now required is a theoretical frame to guide this research moving forward. We use this paper to argue for such a framework based on three principal elements: (1) whether individuals possess a prospective mindset, enabling them to value ideas engagement, as well as become more likely to commit to behaviours concomitant with ideas that have optimal and wide‐reaching outcomes; (2) the features of individuals' social networks, and how these impact on citizens' access to ideas and the nature of their ideas engagement; and (3) individuals' levels of education and the extent to which the education people receive allows them to engage with ideas critically. As well as setting out the case for our proposed framework, we conclude by proposing future research to enable us to further specify and verify this framework as well as develop instruments to test it nationally and internationally.
Adaptable Manufacturing and Biofabrication of Milliscale Organ Chips With Perfusable Vascular Beds
Authors: Byrne Charles Ethan , Martier Ashley T. , Kpeli Gideon Wills , Conrad Kevin Michael , Bralower William , Olsen Elisabet , Fortes Gabrielle , Culp Caroline C. , Wendell Max , Boone Keefer A. , Burow Matthew R. , Mondrinos Mark J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMicrophysiological systems (MPS) containing perfusable vascular beds unlock the ability to model tissue‐scale elements of vascular physiology and disease in vitro. Access to inexpensive stereolithography (SLA) 3D printers now enables benchtop fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) organ chips, eliminating the need for cleanroom access and microfabrication expertise, and can facilitate broader adoption of MPS approaches in preclinical research. Rapid prototyping of organ chip mold designs accelerates the processes of design, testing, and iteration, but geometric distortion and surface roughness of SLA resin prints can impede the development of standardizable manufacturing workflows. This study reports postprocessing procedures for manufacturing SLA‐printed molds that produce fully cured, flat, patently bonded, and optically clear polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) organ chips. Injection loading tests were conducted to identify milliscale membrane‐free organ chip (MFOC) designs that allowed reproducible device loading by target end‐users, a key requirement for broad nonexpert adoption in preclinical research. The optimized milliscale MFOC design was used to develop tissue engineering protocols for (i) driving bulk tissue vasculogenesis in MFOC, and (ii) seeding the bulk tissue interfaces with a confluent endothelium to stimulate self‐assembly of perfusable anastomoses with the internal vasculature. Comparison of rocker‐ and pump‐based protocols for flow‐conditioning of anastomosed vascular beds revealed that continuous pump‐driven flow is required for reproducible barrier maturation throughout the 3D tissue bulk. Demonstrated applications include nanoparticle perfusion and engineering perfusable tumor vasculature. These easily adaptable methods for designing and fabricating vascularized microphysiological systems can accelerate their adoption in a diverse range of preclinical laboratory settings.
Enhancing Sustainability in Renewable Energy Innovation: The Role of Peer Dynamics and Firm Characteristics Amid Climate Crises
Authors: Rastegar Hiva , Sajjad Aymen , Eweje Gabriel , Kobayashi Kazunori 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates peer influence on a firm's pursuit of renewable energy innovation following climate change–induced disasters. While mimetic pressures and competitive dynamics have been recognized as drivers of green innovation, the impact of external uncertainties, such as climate change–induced disasters, on these dynamics remains underexplored. This study fills this gap by revealing how firms pursue renewable energy innovation amid competitive pressures and environmental challenges. Utilizing the behavioral theory of the firm and the threat rigidity model, we analyze US firms' pursuit of renewable energy innovation following climatological disasters from 2013 to 2018 through a difference‐in‐difference‐in‐differences approach. Our findings reveal that peers' pursuit of renewable energy innovation can dampen a firm's own pursuit of renewable energy innovation postdisaster, and this effect is less pronounced among multinational enterprise subsidiaries. Theoretically, this study deepens our understanding of how climatological disasters shape competitive dynamics and innovation, challenging the view that competition invariably drives innovation. Practically, it provides insights into effective resource allocation and prioritizing collaborations for sustainability. For policy‐makers, the findings highlight the need for regulatory environments that encourage collaborative innovation and enhance resilience, directly contributing to Sustainable Development Goal 7 (affordable and clean energy) by promoting sustainable energy use.
Increased Early‐Mortality in Children With Solid Tumors During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in a Middle‐Income Country
Authors: Ramirez Oscar , Piedrahita Vivian , Bolivar Santiago , Grillo Karina , Linares Adriana , Pardo Carlos , Piña Martha , Suarez Amaranto , Portilla Carlos A. , Ardila Jesus , Lotero Viviana , Urcuqui Luz A. , Trujillo Angela , Montenegro Patricia , Bravo Luis E. , Aristizabal Paula ,   VIGICANCER Working Group
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMeasures to control COVID‐19 transmission disrupted childhood cancer care. Data on the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on childhood cancer mortality are lacking. This study describes the impact of the pandemic on childhood cancer early‐mortality (≤ 24 months).MethodsA multicenter prospective cohort was conducted in 10 Colombian cities. Children with newly diagnosed cancer registered in the Childhood Cancer Clinical Outcomes Surveillance System (VIGICANCER) were included. Our primary outcome was cumulative mortality at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The exposed cohort (EC = March 25, 2020–December 31, 2021) was compared with a historic cohort (HC = January 1, 2017–March 24, 2020). Covariates included sociodemographics, place of residence, health insurance type, and tumor classification.ResultsThe cohort included 4124 children, comprised of 1627 children in the EC and 2497 children in the HC. Hematolymphoid, central nervous system, and extracranial solid tumors represented 57%, 15%, and 28% of patients, respectively. Participants' median age was 6.7 years (IQR, 3.2–11.3), 54% were male, 7% were Afro‐descendant, and 47% had public insurance. In the EC, the 6‐month and 24‐month mortality adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) in children with solid tumors was 1.7 (95% CI, 1.1–2.7) and 1.3 (95% CI, 1.0–1.7), respectively, and in children with bone tumors 4.0 (95% CI, 1.2–13.0) and 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2–3.6), respectively. These associations persisted after accounting for metastatic disease. Six‐month mortality aHRs for retinoblastoma, bone tumors, and soft tissue sarcomas due to progressive disease were 4.3 (95% CI, 1.3–14.5), 4.0 (95% CI, 1.4–11.3), and 5.4 (95% CI, 2.2–13.5), respectively. In the EC, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for metastatic solid tumors vs. nonmetastatic was 1.4 (95% CI, 1.0–1.8) and in children with retinoblastoma and public insurance the 24‐month mortality aHR was 4.9 (95% CI, 1.1–21.7).ConclusionsWe observed increased early‐mortality for solid tumors, particularly bone tumors and retinoblastoma, likely attributed to more advanced‐stage presentation and loss of treatment effectiveness due to healthcare disruptions. Early‐mortality was higher in patients with public insurance, a vulnerable population that warrants attention.
One Year Duration of Immune Response Following a 3rd Booster Dose of mRNA Vaccine Against COVID‐19 in 292 Patients With Hematological Malignancies in University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic
Authors: Šušol Ondrej , Šušolová Barbora , Klempíř Ondřej , Navrátil Milan , Gumulec Jaromír , Kořístek Zdeněk , Ďuraš Juraj , Kaščák Michal , Mihályová Jana , Stejskal Lukáš , Jelínek Tomáš , Richterová Petra , Szeligová Lenka , Plonková Hana , Zuchnická Jana , Dluhošová Barbora , Demel Ivo , Buffa David , Hradská Katarína , Popková Tereza , Muroňová Ludmila , Lachnit Martin , Lančová Klára , Hájek Roman 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo evaluate antibody response to mRNA vaccine, identify subgroups with poor response and to determine long‐term antibody durability in hematological patients.Materials and MethodsWe have vaccinated 292 patients with all hematological malignancies with a third dose of mRNA COMIRNATY vaccine with a 12‐month follow‐up period in our center in Ostrava, Czech Republic.ResultsAntibody response for the whole cohort exceeded 74% through the whole 12‐month follow‐up. Lowest seroconversion was observed in CLL cohort (20/41, 48.8%), patients who received anti‐CD20 therapy < 6 months before vaccination (8/30, 26.7%) and BTK inhibitors (3/6, 50.0%). On the contrary, patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms and acute leukemia performed comparably with healthy population (33/33; 100% and 12/13; 92.3%, respectively). We have seen better results if the time interval between anti‐CD20 therapy and additional vaccine dose was longer than 6 months (5/8 patients achieved seroconversion on 4th booster dose after previous failure). Also, 36 patients received a 4th dose of vaccine as a booster with measurable increase in protective antibodies in 50% (18/36).ConclusionsAdditional doses show promise for a well‐timed revaccination even in poor responders. To our knowledge, no study comparable to our work in terms of follow‐up length, vaccine consistency or variety of hematological malignancies and/or treatment has been reported yet. Our findings shed more light on long‐term antibody response to mRNA vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients with hematological cancer and bring important data for the evaluation of possible vaccine failure and scheduling of subsequent doses.