bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
БЕЗПЕЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ЛІКУВАННЯ ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ОЖИРІННЯМ У ПОЄДНАННІ З КОГНІТИВНИМИ РОЗЛАДАМИ
Authors: Наумова Л. В. , Груба С. О. , Наумова У. О. 
Published: June 2021

Частими супутніми захворюваннями ожиріння є такі метаболічні порушення, як цукровий діабет і дислі­підемія, які виконують роль провідних чинників ризику серцево-судинних захворювань. При ожирінні зростає вірогідність розвитку інших захворювань і метаболічних порушень. Проведено обстеження та лікування 20 хворих з ожирінням II ступеня з супутніми когнітивними розладами. Для лікування призначено модифікацію способу життя, корекцію харчування та метформін у початковій дозі 500 мг 3 рази на добу з поступовим збільшенням до оптимальної. Відзначено поступове зниження маси тіла на 2,5–3,5 кг на місяць, середнє зменшення маси тіла становило 25–30 кг на рік.
ROBUSTNESS EVALUATION OF HPLC DETERMINATION OF ATORVASTATIN AND LISINOPRIL ON COLUMN PUROSPHER C8 STAR IN PHARMACEUTICALS
Authors: Shulyak N. S. , Abbeyquaye A. D. , Koval D. B. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Innovative pharmaceutical development of various antihypertensive drugs with statins and the creation of domestic fixed-dose combinations of drugs with different effects is an urgent task of modern pharmacy, which will help attract more patients to the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Pharmaceutical development of atorvastatin and lisinopril by our scientific group proposes for using the ratio of (1/1) for lisinopril (10 mg) and atorvastatin (10 mg). HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) technique is adopted as it is considered as the most common technique in realm of quality control analysis.
The aim of the study – to evaluate the robustness of HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) method for the quantitation of lisinopril and atorvastatin and determine the analytical parameters that present greater influence in the final results of the analysis.
Research Methods. An efficient method to assess the robustness of analytical methods is by Youden’s test, by means of an experiment design which involves seven analytical parameters combined in eight tests. In the recent studies, we assessed the robustness of a chromatographic method to quantify lisinopril and atorvastatin in tablets using Youden’s test.
Results and Discussion. By using the criteria of Youden’s test, HPLC method proved to be greatly robust regarding content of lisinopril and atorvastatin, when variations in seven analytical parameters were introduced. The most variation in effects of the analytical parameters in retention time (Rt) for lisinopril and atorvastatin HPLC quantitation was when used column supplier. Purospher C8 STAR (55 mm x 4mm, 5 μm) is based on high purity silica and an almost complete surface coverage. Purospher C8 STAR provides excellent peak symmetry for acidic, basic and even chelating compounds, highest column efficiency in terms of the number of theoretical plates, and exceptional stability from pH 1.5 to 10.5.
Conclusion. Youden’s test can be applied successfully for the ro­bustness evaluation in validation process of analytical methods and results ontained in our work should be interest to the scientific population dealing with pharmaceutical analytical chemistry.
ВПЛИВ НОВОГО ПОХІДНОГО 4-АМІНОБУТАНОВОЇ КИСЛОТИ НА СТАН СЕНСОМОТОРНОЇ КОРИ ВЕЛИКИХ ПІВКУЛЬ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗКУ ЩУРІВ ЗА УМОВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЇ ІШЕМІЇ
Authors: Міщенко О. Я. , Палагіна Н. Ю. , Лар’яновська Ю. Б. 
Published: June 2021

Вступ. Пошук нових ноотропних препаратів, здатних поліпшувати когнітивні порушення, що виникають у результаті порушення мозкового кровообігу, є актуальним науковим завданням. Перспективними в цьому відношенні вважають нові похідні 4-амінобутанової кислоти, синтезовані в Національному фармацевтичному університеті, серед 11 з яких було обрано субстанцію-лідер за антиамнестичною активністю під шифром КГМ-5, що проявляє і антигіпоксичну активність.
Мета дослідження – вивчити вплив сполуки КГМ-5 на стан сенсомоторної кори великих півкуль головного мозку щурів на моделі гострого порушення мозкового кровообігу.
Методи дослідження. Проводили гістологічні дослідження стану сенсомоторної кори великих півкуль головного мозку щурів з моделлю гострого порушення мозкового кровообігу (на 6-ту добу), яке викликали шляхом оклюзії лівої загальної сонної артерії. Головний мозок після вилучення з черепа фіксували в 96° етанолі, потім робили фронтальний розріз на рівні передніх країв скроневих часток. Зразки заливали у парафін, одну частину фарбували гематоксилін-еозином, іншу – тіоніном за методом Ніссля. Перегляд мікропрепаратів здійснювали під світловим мікроскопом Granum, мікрофотографування мікроскопічних зображень – цифровою відеокамерою Granum ДСМ 310. Фотознімки обробляли на комп’ютері Pentium 2,4GHz за допомогою програми Toup View.
Результати й обговорення. У щурів із гострим порушенням мозкового кровообігу в ділянці сенсомоторної кори великих півкуль головного мозку виявлено ознаки порушення кровообігу: спазм артеріол, венозну гіперемію, перикапілярний набряк; пірамідні нейрони з морфологічними змінами незворотного характеру. Відзначено підвищення кількості гіпер- та гіпохромних нейронів, гліо- і перинейронального індексів та індексу альтерації. Сполука КГМ-5 поліпшувала мозковий кровообіг у щурів із гострим його порушенням, про що свідчило зменшення вираження спазму капілярів та перикапілярного набряку, збільшувала виживання пірамідних нейронів сенсомоторної кори великих півкуль головного мозку, зменшувала відносну частку незворотно змінених клітин, що підтверджено зниженням індексу альтерації нейронів, гліо- та перинейронального сателітного індексів.
Висновки. Встановлено здатність нового похідного 4-амінобутанової кислоти – сполуки КГМ-5 поліпшувати мозковий кровообіг, збільшувати виживання пірамідних нейронів, зменшувати кількість незворотно змінених клітин. Це доводить наявність у сполуки КГМ-5 церебропротективних властивостей, за виразністю яких вона не поступається препарату порівняння “Пікамілон”.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ОТРИМАННЯ ЕКСТРАКТУ З КВІТОК ХРИЗАНТЕМИ САДОВОЇ СОРТУ ПЕКТОРАЛЬ
Authors: Козир Г. Р. , Каріна Ю. В. 
Published: June 2021

Вступ. Хронічний стрес, роздратованість та порушення сну знижують якість життя людини, послаблюють імунітет, підвищують ризик розвитку різних запальних захворювань. Тому зростає попит на лікарські засоби рослинного походження і виникає необхідність розширити їх асортимент. Іноземні джерела свідчать про перспективність використання квіток хризантеми як седативного та протисудомного засобу. Через це перспективною була розробка технології отримання екстракту з квіток хризантеми садової.
Мета дослідження – вивчити вплив деяких фармацевтичних факторів на ступінь вилучення діючих речовин із квіток хризантеми садової сорту Пектораль для розробки технології отримання сухого екстракту на основі цієї рослини, який у подальшому використовуватимуть як напівпродукт у виробництві нових лікарських форм.
Методи дослідження. Вивчено вплив на ступінь вилучення біологічно активних речовин таких фармацевтичних факторів, як природа екстрагенту, співвідношення вихідна сировина/екстрагент і метод екстрагування. Критеріями оцінки отриманих сухих субстанцій слугували кількісний вміст суми фенольних сполук (перерахунок на галову кислоту), кількісний вміст суми флавоноїдів (перерахунок на рутин) та кількісний вміст суми гідроксикоричних кислот (перерахунок на хлорогенову кислоту), які визначали спект­рофотометричним методом на спектрофотометрі Lambda 25 Perkin Elmer.
Результати й обговорення. На основі математичного планування експерименту вивчено закономірності вилучення фенольних сполук, флавоноїдів та гідроксикоричних сполук із квіток хризантеми садової сорту Пектораль залежно від концентрації використаного екстрагенту етанолу, співвідношення сировина/екстрагент і методу екстрагування.
Висновок. Встановлено, що оптимальним способом отримання екстракту з квіток хризантеми садової сорту Пектораль є метод дробної мацерації 70 % етанолом при співвідношенні лікарська рослинна сировина/екстрагент 1:8.
Remodeling of the Purkinje Network in Congestive Heart Failure in the Rabbit
Authors: Logantha Sunil Jit R.J. , Cai Xue J. , Yanni Joseph , Jones Caroline B. , Stephenson Robert S. , Stuart Luke , Quigley Gillian , Monfredi Oliver , Nakao Shu , Oh Il-Young , Starborg Tobias , Kitmitto Ashraf , Vohra Akbar , Hutcheon Robert C. , Corno Antonio F. , Jarvis Jonathan C. , Dobrzynski Halina , Boyett Mark R. , Hart George 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Purkinje fibers (PFs) control timing of ventricular conduction and play a key role in arrhythmogenesis in heart failure (HF) patients. We investigated the effects of HF on PFs.

Methods:
Echocardiography, electrocardiography, micro-computed tomography, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, volume electron microscopy, and sharp microelectrode electrophysiology were used.

Results:

Congestive HF was induced in rabbits by left ventricular volume- and pressure-overload producing left ventricular hypertrophy, diminished fractional shortening and ejection fraction, and increased left ventricular dimensions. HF baseline QRS and corrected QT interval were prolonged by 17% and 21% (mean±SEMs: 303±6 ms HF, 249±11 ms control; n=8/7;
P
=0.0002), suggesting PF dysfunction and impaired ventricular repolarization. Micro-computed tomography imaging showed increased free-running left PF network volume and length in HF. mRNA levels for 40 ion channels, Ca
2+
-handling proteins, connexins, and proinflammatory and fibrosis markers were assessed: 50% and 35% were dysregulated in left and right PFs respectively, whereas only 12.5% and 7.5% changed in left and right ventricular muscle. Funny channels, Ca
2+
-channels, and K
+
-channels were significantly reduced in left PFs. Microelectrode recordings from left PFs revealed more negative resting membrane potential, reduced action potential upstroke velocity, prolonged duration (action potential duration at 90% repolarization: 378±24 ms HF, 249±5 ms control; n=23/38;
P
<0.0001), and arrhythmic events in HF. Similar electrical remodeling was seen at the left PF-ventricular junction. In the failing left ventricle, upstroke velocity and amplitude were increased, but action potential duration at 90% repolarization was unaffected.

Conclusions:
Severe volume- followed by pressure-overload causes rapidly progressing HF with extensive remodeling of PFs. The PF network is central to both arrhythmogenesis and contractile dysfunction and the pathological remodeling may increase the risk of fatal arrhythmias in HF patients.
Phonetic Skills and Verbal Memory Capacity Predict Phonetic-based Word Learning: An Event-related Potential Study
Authors: Elmer Stefan , Dittinger Eva , Brocchetto Julia , François Clément , Besson Mireille , Jäncke Lutz , Rodríguez-Fornells Antoni 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The learning of new words is a challenge that accompanies human beings throughout the entire life span. Although the main electrophysiological markers of word learning have already been described, little is known about the performance-dependent neural machinery underlying this exceptional human faculty. Furthermore, it is currently unknown how word learning abilities are related to verbal memory capacity, auditory attention functions, phonetic discrimination skills, and musicality. Accordingly, we used EEG and examined 40 individuals, who were assigned to two groups (low [LPs] and high performers [HPs]) based on a median split of word learning performance, while they completed a phonetic-based word learning task. Furthermore, we collected behavioral data during an attentive listening and a phonetic discrimination task with the same stimuli to address relationships between auditory attention and phonetic discrimination skills, word learning performance, and musicality. The phonetic-based word learning task, which also included a nonlearning control condition, was sensitive enough to segregate learning-specific and unspecific N200/N400 manifestations along the anterior–posterior topographical axis. Notably, HPs exhibited enhanced verbal memory capacity and we also revealed a performance-dependent spatial N400 pattern, with maximal amplitudes at posterior electrodes in HPs and central maxima in LPs. Furthermore, phonetic-based word learning performance correlated with verbal memory capacity and phonetic discrimination skills, whereas the latter was related to musicality. This experimental approach clearly highlights the multifaceted dimensions of phonetic-based word learning and is helpful to disentangle learning-specific and unspecific ERPs.
Emotion Regulation Failures Are Preceded by Local Increases in Sleep-like Activity
Authors: Avvenuti Giulia , Bertelloni Davide , Lettieri Giada , Ricciardi Emiliano , Cecchetti Luca , Pietrini Pietro , Bernardi Giulio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Emotion self-regulation relies both on cognitive and behavioral strategies implemented to modulate the subjective experience and/or the behavioral expression of a given emotion. Although it is known that a network encompassing fronto-cingulate and parietal brain areas is engaged during successful emotion regulation, the functional mechanisms underlying failures in emotion suppression (ES) are still unclear. In order to investigate this issue, we analyzed video and high-density EEG recordings of 20 healthy adult participants during an ES and a free expression task performed on two consecutive days. Changes in facial expression during ES, but not free expression, were preceded by local increases in sleep-like activity (1–4 Hz) in brain areas responsible for emotional suppression, including bilateral anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, and in right middle/inferior frontal gyrus (p &lt; .05, corrected). Moreover, shorter sleep duration the night before the ES experiment correlated with the number of behavioral errors (p = .03) and tended to be associated with higher frontal sleep-like activity during ES failures (p = .09). These results indicate that local sleep-like activity may represent the cause of ES failures in humans and may offer a functional explanation for previous observations linking lack of sleep, changes in frontal activity, and emotional dysregulation.
The Precentral Gyrus Contributions to the Early Time-Course of Grapheme-to-Phoneme Conversion
Authors: Kaestner Erik , Wu Xiaojing , Friedman Daniel , Dugan Patricia , Devinsky Orrin , Carlson Chad , Doyle Werner , Thesen Thomas , Halgren Eric 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As part of silent reading models, visual orthographic information is transduced into an auditory phonological code in a process of grapheme-to-phoneme conversion (GPC). This process is often identified with lateral temporal-parietal regions associated with auditory phoneme encoding. However, the role of articulatory phonemic representations and the precentral gyrus in GPC is ambiguous. Though the precentral gyrus is implicated in many functional MRI studies of reading, it is not clear if the time course of activity in this region is consistent with the precentral gyrus being involved in GPC. We recorded cortical electrophysiology during a bimodal match/mismatch task from eight patients with perisylvian subdural electrodes to examine the time course of neural activity during a task that necessitated GPC. Patients made a match/mismatch decision between a 3-letter string and the following auditory bi-phoneme. We characterized the distribution and timing of evoked broadband high gamma (70–170 Hz) as well as phase-locking between electrodes. The precentral gyrus emerged with a high concentration of broadband high gamma responses to visual and auditory language as well as mismatch effects. The pars opercularis, supramarginal gyrus, and superior temporal gyrus were also involved. The precentral gyrus showed strong phase-locking with the caudal fusiform gyrus during letter-string presentation and with surrounding perisylvian cortex during the bimodal visual-auditory comparison period. These findings hint at a role for precentral cortex in transducing visual into auditory codes during silent reading.
Which types of online evidence show the nonacademic benefits of research? Websites cited in UK impact case studies
Authors: Kousha Kayvan , Thelwall Mike , Abdoli Mahshid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
While funders increasingly request evidence of the societal benefits of research, all academics in the UK must periodically provide this information to gain part of their block funding within the Research Excellence Framework (REF). The impact case studies produced in the UK are public and can therefore be used to gain insights into the types of sources used to justify societal impact claims. This study focuses on the URLs cited as evidence in the last public REF to help researchers and resource providers to understand what types can be used and the disciplinary differences in their uptake. Based on a new semiautomatic method to classify the URLs cited in impact case studies, the results show that there are a few key online types of source for most broad fields, but these sources differ substantially between subject areas. For example, news websites are more important in some fields than others, and YouTube is sometimes used for multimedia evidence in the arts and humanities. Knowledge of the common sources selected independently by thousands of researchers may help others to identify suitable sources for the complex task of evidencing societal impacts.
Energetika: Gleb Krzhizhanovskii’s Conception of the Nature–Society Metabolism
Authors: Russ Daniela 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the relation between Marxism and the Soviet productivist economy. While historical scholarship rarely explores the intellectual context in which the Soviet experiment unfolded, ecomarxists tend to describe the Soviet Union’s mistaken path as a result of the loss of ‘metabolic’ thinkers following the rise of Stalin. This article challenges the neat, purported divide between a ‘metabolic’ and ‘productivist’ Marxism by analysing the energy-economic thinking of Gleb M. Krzhizhanovskii, a Bolshevik engineer and old friend of Lenin. As chairman of both the electrification commission (GOELRO) and the State Planning Commission (Gosplan), Krzhizhanovskii conceptualised the energy economy as something embedded in the metabolism of nature and society and as the technical-economic basis of the socialist economy. This argument drew its strength from his idea that production is part of the general, ongoing life-process, and the hope that large-scale electrification and electro-chemistry could help govern the metabolism between nature and society more rationally – both arguments commonly found among contemporary natural scientists. Any ecomarxist attempt to recover the concept of metabolism today has to come to terms with its productivist and technocratic history.
The Truth within a Circle: A Muḥabbaẓūna’s Play and Its Revival by Alfred Faraǧ
Authors: Potenza Daniela 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
During his travels in Egypt, Edward William Lane attended “a low and ridiculous farce,” he reports, performed by the muḥabbaẓūna, before Muḥammad ʿAlī Bāšā. Lane described its plot and concluded that the farce was played before the Pasha to open his eyes to the conduct of the tax collectors. When recounting farces in the Ottoman Empire, some travellers and critics confirm the narrative of ridiculous and low shows, while others underline their social critique. In 1979, inspired by Bertolt Brecht, Alfred Faraǧ rehabilitates the show in Dāʾirat al-tibn al-miṣriyya, masraḥiyyat al-muḥabbaẓīna (The Egyptian Hay Circle, a Play by the Muḥabbaẓūna). Comparing different descriptions of the muḥabbaẓūna and Faraǧ’s interpretation of their play, this paper provides reflections on the social aim of performances using the circle as an ephemeral division of fiction from reality and highlights how the muḥabbaẓūna could deliver political comments both to the common people and to the elites.
Old Arabic Minutiae I: ḥattā, laysa, and More from the Inscriptions of the Syro-Jordanian Ḥarrah
Authors: Al-Jallad Ahmad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This is the inaugural paper of a series on material attested in ancient North Arabia inscriptions that is of particular importance to the history of Arabic, its linguistic context, and its development and classification. The article edits eleven Safaitic inscriptions, inscribed on seven stones, discovered during the 2019 Badia Survey in Northeastern Jordan. Most of these texts attest new grammatical and lexical features that shed important light on this shadowy phase of Arabic’s pre-Islamic history, including attestations of the subordinating particle ḥt (= ḥattV), the negator ls (= laysa), possible nūnation, and idioms that appear later in the Qurʾān, e.g. tmny h-mt ‘he wished for death (in combat)’ (cf. Qurʾān tamannūna l-mawta).
Did the Syriac Translators of the Old Testament Peshitta Regard ‮ܫܡܝܐ‬‎ as Singular or Plural?
Authors: Lund Jerome A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In recent literature, the noun ‮ܫܡܝܐ‬‎ has been described as a singular in the book of Isaiah, ostensibly on the basis of the lack of syame. I will argue to the contrary, demonstrating that it should be described as a plural in this corpus. The key to proper interpretation of the form is agreement with other clausal and phrasal constituents, not the presence or absence of syame.
General Principles of Procedural Law in the Practice of the WTO Appellate Body
Authors: de Andrade Mariana Clara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The method of identification of general principles and their function as a source of law have long been object of doctrinal debate. This topic is now under the programme of work of the International Law Commission. Relatedly, international courts and tribunals have relied on general principles of procedural law derived from national legal systems in their practice and reasoning, but the methodology employed by adjudicators in importing these sources from domestic law remains obscure. This research examines the use of general principles of procedural law in WTO dispute settlement, in particular by its Appellate Body. The aim is two-fold: first, to study the methodology employed in the identification of general principles of procedural law in the case law of the WTO Appellate Body; second, to examine the functions performed by general principles in the practice of this international jurisdiction.
‘The Girl Who Was Chased by Fire’: Violence and Passion in Contemporary Swedish Fascist Fiction
Authors: Gardell Mattias 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fascism invites its adherents to be part of something greater than themselves, invoking their longing for honor and glory, passion and heroism. An important avenue for articulating its affective dimension is cultural production. This article investigates the role of violence and passion in contemporary Swedish-language fascist fiction. The protagonist is typically a young white man or woman who wakes up to the realities of the ongoing white genocide through being exposed to violent crime committed by racialized aliens protected by the System. Seeking revenge, the protagonist learns how to be a man or meets her hero, and is introduced to fascist ideology and the art of killing. Fascist literature identifies aggression and ethnical cleansing as altruistic acts of love. With its passionate celebration of violence, fascism hails the productivity of destructivity, and the life-bequeathing aspects of death, which is at the core of fascism’s urge for national rebirth.