bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the volume content of α + β colonies on the very high cycle fatigue behavior of a titanium alloy
Authors: Yang Kun , Huang Qi , Zhong Bin , Liu Yong Jie , He Chao , Liu Hanqing , Su Ning , Wang Qingyuan , Chen Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA turbine engine blade alloy (Ti‐8Al‐1Mo‐1V) under different heat treatment conditions was employed to conduct ultrasonic fatigue tests to investigate the influence of the colony content of bimodal titanium alloys on the high cycle fatigue (HCF) and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) behavior. As a result, the increase in the content of colonies or the decrease in the content of primary α grains (αp) can be achieved by a double‐annealed treatment below the α + β to β transformation temperature. A higher colony content will result in a higher HCF and VHCF properties. The crack initiation life has a lower sensitivity to the microstructure change in the αp/colony content than the fatigue crack growth life. With the fatigue life increasing from the HCF regime to the VHCF regime, the impact of the microstructure evolution on fatigue resistances gradually decreases. Irreversibly, slips mainly along the maximum shearing stress direction make the plastic strain accumulate within some favorably oriented αp grains and further cause the nucleation of fatigue micro‐cracks. The formation of the fine granular area is attributed to the comprehensive effects of the vacuum‐enhanced plasticity and the numerous cyclic pressing.
Barriers and facilitators to mobile health and active surveillance use among older adults with skin disease
Authors: Johnson Austin , Shukla Neha , Halley Meghan , Nava Vanessa , Budaraju Janya , Zhang Lucy , Linos Eleni 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine, including teledermatology. Monitoring skin lesions using teledermatology may become increasingly important for several skin diseases, including low‐risk skin cancers. The purpose of this study was to describe the key factors that could serve as barriers or facilitators to skin disease monitoring using mobile health technology (mHealth) in older adults.MethodsOlder adult dermatology patients 65 years or older and their caregivers who have seen a dermatologist in the last 18 months were interviewed and surveyed between December 2019 and July 2020. The purpose of these interviews was to better understand attitudes, beliefs and behaviours that could serve as barriers and facilitators to the use of mHealth and active surveillance to monitor low‐risk skin cancers.ResultsA total of 33 interviews leading to 6022 unique excerpts yielded 8 factors, or themes, that could serve as barriers, facilitators or both to mHealth and active surveillance. We propose an integrated conceptual framework that highlights the interaction of these themes at both the patient and provider level, including care environment, support systems and personal values.Discussion and conclusionsThese preliminary findings reveal factors influencing patient acceptance of active surveillance in dermatology, such as changes to the patient‐provider interaction and alignment with personal values. These factors were also found to influence adoption of mHealth interventions. Given such overlap, it is essential to address barriers and facilitators from both domains when designing a new dermatology active surveillance approach with novel mHealth technology.Patient or public contributionThe patients included in this study were participants during the data collection process. Members of the Stanford Healthcare and Denver Tech Dermatology health‐care teams aided in the recruitment phase of the data collection process.
Effect of storage conditions on the quality of frozen steamed bread
Authors: Zhao Beibei , Fu Shijian , Li Hua , Li Huifang , Liu Changhong , Chen Zhicheng 
Published: July 2021

SummaryWith advantages of long shelf life, high convenience and reliable safety, frozen steamed bread (FSB) is suitable for industrial production. Storage conditions are critical factors influencing the final quality of FSB. In this study, the effects of storage time, storage temperature and freeze–thaw cycles on the quality of FSB were evaluated. Results showed that the water loss of FSB and the retrogradation of the starch occurred during the storage process. The final gelatinization degree of FSB decreased from 88.69% to 86.37%, whereas the crystallinity gradually increased from 16.78% to 18.47%. As storage temperature of −18 °C could not kill microorganisms, metabolites of microorganisms caused a decrease in the pH value from 5.41 to 5.10 after the 90 d of frozen storage at −18 °C. Re‐steaming properties results showed that the specific volume and whiteness of re‐steamed FSB decreased significantly with the storage time, as well as the textural properties and sensory evaluation score. Furthermore, freeze–thaw cycles were found to accelerate the quality deterioration of the FSB, and compared with the temperature of −18 °C, frozen temperature of −30 °C alleviated the quality deterioration of FSB.
Sodium reduction technologies applied to bread products and their impact on sensory properties: a review
Authors: Dunteman Aubrey , Yang Ying , McKenzie Elle , Lee Youngsoo , Lee Soo‐Yeun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChronic overconsumption of sodium has led to its designation as a nutrient of public health concern. While the current adequate intake (AI) of sodium is set at 1.5 g per day, the average daily intake for Americans ages one and up is currently above 3.5 g, leading to an increased risk of health conditions such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Due to the prevalence of daily bread consumption and the moderately high sodium content that accompanies it, bread has become a major contributor to dietary sodium intake. Still people seem to associate foods higher in sodium content, such as processed meats and frozen foods, as the main way to limit sodium consumption, and therefore, overlook the contribution made by regularly consuming bread. This review focuses on recent research detailing methods that are being implemented in attempts to reduce the sodium content of bread products. Included literature examined the perspective of sensory feasibility and on identifying gaps in knowledge surrounding viable strategies for producing reduced‐sodium breads. Sodium reduction technologies discussed include methods in the areas of salt removal, physical modification, salt replacement and flavour modification.
Theoretical study on composition‐dependent properties of ZnO·nAl2O3 spinels. Part II: Mechanical and thermophysical
Authors: Xu Pengyu , Wang Hao , Ren Lu , Tu Bingtian , Wang Weimin , Fu Zhengyi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractKnowledge on the mechanical and thermophysical properties of ZnO·nAl2O3 is essential for practical applications. Based on the first‐principles calculations and the bond valence method, the disordered spinel‐type structure of ZnO·nAl2O3 (n = 1–4) was constructed to investigate the composition‐dependent mechanical and thermophysical properties. The effects of cation substitution on the hardness, elastic modulus, thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity were revealed from the insights into the chemical bonds. At a higher n, the tetrahedral bond is stronger, manifested as its higher hardness and bulk modulus as well as smaller thermal expansion coefficient. Meanwhile, the octahedral bond is weaker, leading to the lower hardness and bulk modulus, along with the larger expansion coefficient. In consequence, the hardness and elastic moduli of ZnO·nAl2O3 are improved moderately while the expansion coefficient is decreased with the rise of n. Due to the different vibration characteristics of ZnIV and AlIV, the cation disorder in the 8a site provides the primary source of phonon scattering, resulting in the dramatic reduction of thermal conductivity as n increases. The understanding offers guidance on the application‐oriented design of new oxide spinels.
High‐temperature Na2SO4 interaction with air plasma sprayed Yb2Si2O7 + Si EBC system: Topcoat behavior
Authors: Herweyer Lucas A. , Opila Elizabeth J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe high‐temperature interaction between ~2.5 mg/cm2 of Na2SO4 and an atmospheric plasma sprayed (APS) Yb2Si2O7 topcoat–Si bond coat system on SiC CMC substrates was studied for times up to 240 h at 1000°C–1316°C in a 0.1% SO2–O2 gaseous environment. Yb2Si2O7 reacted with Na2SO4 to form Yb2SiO5 and an intergranular amorphous Na‐silicate phase. Below 1200°C, the reaction was sluggish, needing days to cause morphological changes to the “splat microstructure” associated with APS coatings. The reaction was rapid at 1200°C and above, needing only a few hours for the entire topcoat to transform into a granulated microstructure consisting of Yb2SiO5 and Yb2Si2O7 phases. Na2SO4 deposits infiltrated the Yb2Si2O7 topcoat and transformed into an amorphous Na‐silicate in less than 1 h at all exposure temperatures. Quantitative assessment of the Yb2SiO5 area fraction in the topcoat showed a linear decrease over time at 1316°C, attributed to reaction with the SiO2 thermally grown oxide (TGO) formed on the Si bond coat and rapid transport through the interpenetrating amorphous Na‐silicate grain boundary phase. It was predicted that nearly 2 weeks is needed for complete removal of Yb2SiO5 from the topcoat at 1316°C for a single applied loading of Na2SO4.
CCL7contributes to angiotensinII‐induced abdominal aortic aneurysm by promoting macrophage infiltration and pro‐inflammatory phenotype
Authors: Xie Cuiping , Ye Feiming , Zhang Ning , Huang Yuxue , Pan Yun , Xie Xiaojie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChemokine C‐C motif ligand 7 (CCL7), a member of CC chemokine subfamily, plays pivotal roles in numerous inflammatory diseases. Hyper‐activation of inflammation is an important characteristic of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to determine the effect of CCL7 on AAA formation. CCL7 abundance in aortic tissue and macrophage infiltration were both increased in angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced AAA mice. Ex vivo, CCL7 promoted macrophage polarization towards M1 phenotype. This effect was reversed by the blockage of CCR1, a receptor of CCL7. CCL7 up‐regulated JAK2/STAT1 protein level in macrophage, and CCL7‐induced M1 activation was suppressed by JAK2/STAT1 pathway inhibition. To verify the effect of CCL7 on AAA in vivo, either CCL7‐neutralizing antibody (CCL7‐nAb) or vehicles were intraperitoneally injected 24 hours prior to Ang II infusion and subsequently every three days for 4 weeks. CCL7‐nAb administration significantly attenuated Ang II‐induced luminal and external dilation as well as pathological remodelling. Immunostaining showed that CCL7‐nAb administration significantly decreased aneurysmal macrophage infiltration. In conclusion, CCL7 contributed to Ang II‐induced AAA by promoting M1 phenotype of macrophage through CCR1/JAK2/STAT1 signalling pathway.
Prevalence, incidence and presence of comorbidities in patients with prurigo and pruritus in Germany: A population‐based claims data analysis
Authors: Augustin M. , Garbe C. , Hagenström K. , Petersen J. , Pereira M.P. , Ständer S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are currently no published population‐based data on prurigo and pruritus epidemiology in Germany.ObjectivesWe present the prevalence, incidence and comorbidity frequency of prurigo and pruritus in Germany.MethodsThis was a retrospective healthcare research study based on anonymized routine data from the German health insurance company DAK‐Gesundheit. Evaluations were carried out for 2 006 003 adults who were insured as of 31 December 2010. Prurigo and pruritus diagnoses were based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, German Modification (ICD‐10‐GM) codes.ResultsPrevalence was determined to be 0.21% (adjusted for sex and age 0.19%) for prurigo and 2.21% (adjusted 2.14%) for pruritus in 2010. The adjusted rates extrapolated to the total German population in 2010 show that 130 685 adults would have received a prurigo diagnosis and 1 461 024 a diagnosis of pruritus. In 2011, incidence of new prurigo and pruritus cases was 0.13% (adjusted 0.12%, extrapolated 77 263 cases) and 1.51% (adjusted 1.46%, extrapolated 978 885), respectively. Adults with prurigo suffered most frequently from hypertension (35.16%), hyperlipidaemia (24.95%) and depression (21.97%); all were reported more frequently in patients with prurigo compared with the general population (P < 0.001). Similarly, adults with pruritus suffered most frequently from hypertension (31.28%), hyperlipidaemia (23.52%) and depression (18.91%) compared with patients without pruritus (P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur data show that prurigo is a relatively rare but significant disease and that pruritus is frequent and very variable in appearance, and both have a high comorbidity burden.
SARS‐CoV‐2 virulence evolution: Avirulence theory, immunity and trade‐offs
Authors: Alizon Samuel , Sofonea Mircea T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has led to a resurgence of the debate on whether host–parasite interactions should evolve towards avirulence. In this review, we first show that SARS‐CoV‐2 virulence is evolving, before explaining why some expect the mortality caused by the epidemic to converge towards that of human seasonal alphacoronaviruses. Leaning on existing theory, we then include viral evolution into the picture and discuss hypotheses explaining why the virulence has increased since the beginning of the pandemic. Finally, we mention some potential scenarios for the future.
Deep learning optimization method for counting overlapping rice seeds
Authors: Sun Jin , Zhang Yang , Zhu Xinglong , Zhang Yu‐Dong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOverlapping seeds counting method is an important direction to improve the detection efficiency of rice thousand kernel weight, but the existing image processing methods may misjudge the overlapping distribution when the thin‐layer seeds are piled up. In this study, we proposed a deep learning optimization method based on contour grouping pre‐labeling for counting overlapping rice seeds. First, the contour grouping method—based on the Euclidean distance and divergence function as comprehensive criteria—pre‐labels the rice seed contours to reduce the number of potential false classification edge points. The purpose of integrating the pre‐labeling results in its feature extraction layer and using a linear combination of inter‐class and intra‐class error functions as the total is to improve the accuracy of deep learning. Second, based on the improved Faster region‐convolutional neural network method, the overlapping rice seeds were accurately counted. An orthogonal test is proposed to optimize the full connection layer's parameter configuration, aimed at improving the learning speed. The experimental results demonstrate that the average error rate of rice seeds in a single image (960 × 960 pixels) is 1.06% and the average recognition time of counting (≤400 seeds) was 0.45 s. The proposed method can be used as an effective tool for counting overlapping rice or other crop seeds.Practical ApplicationCurrently, the overlapping distributions of rice seeds may be misjudged when the thin seed layer is stacked for determining the thousand kernel weight and the deep learning optimization method in this study can be used as an effective tool for counting overlapping rice or other crop seeds.
The role of relationship dissatisfaction in the dyadic associations between attachment insecurity and intimate partner violence among couples seeking therapy
Authors: Lefebvre Audrey‐Ann , Dugal Caroline , Brassard Audrey , Lussier Yvan , Lafontaine Marie‐France , Godbout Natacha , Péloquin Katherine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor several decades, attempts have been made to understand the risk markers of intimate partner violence (IPV) to prevent its occurrence, but few studies have emphasized both partners' perspective in examining these markers. This study explored the associations between attachment insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) and the perpetration of psychological and physical IPV through relationship dissatisfaction in a sample of 88 couples seeking therapy for relationship difficulties. Results from path analyses based on the Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model showed that participants' attachment avoidance was indirectly related to their own and their partner's higher perpetration of psychological IPV through higher relationship dissatisfaction. Participants' attachment avoidance was also associated with their own higher perpetration of physical IPV through their higher relationship dissatisfaction. The findings highlight that attachment insecurities and relationship dissatisfaction can both contribute to establishing dysfunctional and violent interaction patterns in couples.
Factors influencing the mobile instant messaging application usage behaviours among home healthcare providers
Authors: Chiang Kuei‐Feng , Wang Hsiu‐Hung , Hsieh Hsiu‐Fen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the practice related to mobile instant messaging applications usage among home healthcare providers in Taiwan; and based on the unified theory of acceptance and usage of technology and perceived risk theory to examine the influencing factors.BackgroundPrevious work has indicated the potential for using mobile instant messaging applications in chronic disease, disasters and public health emergencies. However, few studies have conducted to understand how healthcare professionals use them.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used in the study.MethodsA wide‐ranging empirical investigation was conducted in Taiwan. A total of 102 home agencies participated in this study, and 331 valid data were collected. The ODS guideline was followed.Results69% of the participants had used mobile instant messaging applications, with high functionality and interesting value can integrate various messages and contribute to adoption. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence were significantly positively correlated with behavioral intention. The perceived risk had a significant negative correlation with performance expectancy and use behavior. Among the relevant influencing factors, different types of organization, job position, and institutional policy were related to significant differences in use behaviors.ConclusionsOur research reported on mobile instant messaging applications usage and behavioral intention among home healthcare providers. This study also highlighted the need to establish regulations within the applications and improve safety and security guidelines. Further research may extend the understanding of the organizations’ influencing factors.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study may help programmers, managers and policymakers improve their strategies for expanding usage of mobile instant messaging applications.
Hysterectomy via transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery versus single‐port laparoscopy: Comparison of early outcomes
Authors: Basol Gulfem , Cora Ayfer Ozer , Gundogdu Elif Cansu , Mat Emre , Yildiz Gazi , Kuru Betul , Uzun Navdar Dogus , Uzel Kemine , Usta Taner , Kale Ahmet 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe study objective was to compare intraoperative and early postoperative outcomes among patients who underwent hysterectomy via transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (and single‐port lararoscopy for presumed benign gynecologic disorders).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 40 patients who underwent single‐port laparoscopic hysterectomy and 20 patients who underwent hysterectomy via natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery. Patients' age, body mass index, history of previous delivery and surgery, total operation time (from skin incision to closure), intraoperative and postoperative complications conversion to another surgical procedure, drop of hemoglobin level, postoperative pain at 1 and 18 h, average hospital stay, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.ResultsHysterectomy via transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery was superior to single‐port hysterectomy concerning the length of hospitalization (p < 0.001) and visual analog scale at 1 h (p = 0.024) and 18 h (p < 0.001). In transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic group, postoperative complications were lower than single‐port laparoscopy group (p = 0.023). In transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopy, group conversion to a standard vaginal hysterectomy occurred in two cases (10%). Four patients in the single‐port laparoscopic hysterectomy group had umbilical herniation, three had port‐site infections, and two patients had vaginal cuff hematoma. These patients required rehospitalization.ConclusionsDespite hysterectomy via transvaginal natural orifice transluminal surgery has not yet found its place in routine practice in gynecology departments, it could be a prominent alternative approach to other minimally invasive surgical procedures in selected patients with many advantages including lesser pain and lower complication rates compared with single‐port laparoscopic hysterectomy.
Association between waking‐state oral behaviours, according to the oral behaviors checklist, and TMD subgroups
Authors: Donnarumma Valeria , Ohrbach Richard , Simeon Vittorio , Lobbezoo Frank , Piscicelli Noemi , Michelotti Ambrosina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the association between waking‐state oral behaviours and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) subgroups and to develop new scoring methods for the Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC).MethodsPatients with any TMD diagnosis, according to the diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD), were divided into subgroups: ‘Dysfunctional‐TMD’ (n = 70), only mechanical dysfunction; ‘Painful‐TMD’ (n = 204), only myalgia, arthralgia or both; and ‘Painful‐Dysfunctional TMD’ (n = 95), combined pain and dysfunction. A group of individuals without TMD, ‘Non‐TMD’ (n = 374), was used for testing associations. Participants completed the OBC. An exploratory factor analysis, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis of the OBC responses, identified 2 major factors, named non‐functional activities (NFA) and functional activities (FA). Component total scores were computed. Differences among subgroups for OBC‐MS (mean score) and NFA and FA factor scores were estimated using one‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Significance was set at p < .05.ResultsThe OBC‐MS in Non‐TMD, Painful‐TMD and Painful‐Dysfunctional TMD subgroups was higher than in the Dysfunctional‐TMD subgroup (p ≤ .001). NFA in Painful‐TMD and Painful‐Dysfunctional TMD subgroups were higher than in the Non‐TMD group (p < .05); NFA in the Dysfunctional‐TMD subgroup were lower than in the Painful‐TMD subgroup (p = .034). In contrast, FA in Painful‐TMD, Dysfunctional‐TMD and Painful‐Dysfunctional TMD subgroups were lower than in the Non‐TMD group (p < .0001).ConclusionsA new scoring method for the OBC results in item reduction and creation of meaningful subscales for functional and non‐functional behaviours, which are differentially associated with painful and dysfunctional TMDs. This may help clinicians to better tailor treatment for the management of subtypes of TMD patients.