bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzyme‐Instructed Self‐Assembly Enabled Monomer–Excimer Transition to Construct Higher Ordered Luminescent Supramolecular Assembly for Activity‐based Bioimaging
Authors: Zhong Yuanzhi , Zhan Jie , Xu Guanghui , Chen Yumiao , Qin Qin , Liao Xu , Ma Shaodan , Yang Zhimou , Cai Yanbin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIt is challenging to construct high‐performing excimer‐based luminescent analytic tools at low molecular concentrations. We report that enzyme‐instructed self‐assembly (EISA) enables the monomer–excimer transition of a coumarin dye (Cou) at low molecular concentrations, and the resulting higher ordered luminescent supramolecular assemblies (i.e., nanofibers) efficiently record the spatiotemporal details of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in vitro and in vivo. Cou was conjugated to short self‐assembly peptides with a hydrophilic ALP‐responsive group. By ALP triggering, EISA actuated a nanoparticles–nanofibers transition at low peptide concentrations followed by monomer–excimer transition of Cou. Analysis of structure–property relationships revealed that the self‐assembly motif was a prerequisite for peptides to induce the monomer–excimer transition of Cou. Luminescent supramolecular nanofibers of pYD (LSN‐pYD) illuminated the intercellular bridge of cancer cells and distinguished cancer cells (tissues) from normal cells (tissues) efficiently and rapidly, promising potential use for the early diagnosis of cancer. This work extends the functions of EISA and provides a new application of supramolecular chemistry.
Double π‐Extended Undecabenzo[7]helicene
Authors: Chen Ying , Lin Chaojun , Luo Zhixing , Yin Zhibo , Shi Haonan , Zhu Yanpeng , Wang Jiaobing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis work reports the first double π‐extended undecabenzo[7]helicene1, which is a large chiral nanographene, composed of 65 fused rings and 186 conjugated carbon atoms. The molecular identity of1has been confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. A wine coloured solution of1in dichloromethane absorbs light from ultraviolet to the near infrared, featuring an extremely large molar absorption coefficient of 844 000 M−1 cm−1at 573 nm. Optically pure1shows a record high electronic circular dichroism intensity in the visible spectral range (|Δϵ|=1375 M−1 cm−1at 430 nm) known for any discrete polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. These unusual photophysical properties of1contrast sharply with those of a mono‐undecabenzo[7]helicene derivative2.
Electrochemiluminescence Loss in Photobleaching
Authors: Han Dongni , Goudeau Bertrand , Manojlovic Dragan , Jiang Dechen , Fang Danjun , Sojic Neso 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe effects of photobleaching on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was investigated for the first time. The plasma membrane of Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells was labeled with a [Ru(bpy)3]2+ derivative. Selected regions of the fixed cells were photobleached using the confocal mode with sequential stepwise illumination or cumulatively and they were imaged by both ECL and photoluminescence (PL). ECL was generated with a model sacrificial coreactant, tri‐n‐propylamine. ECL microscopy of the photobleached regions shows lower ECL emission. We demonstrate a linear correlation between the ECL decrease and the PL loss due to the photobleaching of the labels immobilized on the CHO membranes. The presented strategy provides valuable information on the fundamentals of the ECL excited state and opens new opportunities for exploring cellular membranes by combining ECL microscopy with photobleaching techniques such as fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) or fluorescence loss in photobleaching (FLIP) methods.
s‐Block Multiple Bonds: Isolation of a Beryllium Imido Complex
Authors: Wang Guocang , Walley Jacob E. , Dickie Diane A. , Molino Andrew , Wilson David J. D. , Gilliard Robert J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA common feature ofd‐ andp‐block elements is that they participate in multiple bonding. In contrast, the synthesis of compounds containing homo‐ or hetero‐nuclear multiple bonds involving s‐block elements is extremely rare. Herein, we report the synthesis, molecular structure, and computational analysis of a beryllium imido (Be=N) complex (2), which was prepared via oxidation of a molecular Be0precursor (1) with trimethylsilyl azide Me3SiN3(TMS‐N3). Notably, compound2features the shortest known Be=N bond (1.464 Å) to date. This represents the first compound with an s‐block metal‐nitrogen multiple bond. All compounds were characterized experimentally with multi‐nuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H,13C,9Be) and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The bonding situation was analyzed with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which supports the existence of π‐bonding between beryllium and nitrogen.
Platinum Dissolution in Realistic Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers
Authors: Ehelebe Konrad , Knöppel Julius , Bierling Markus , Mayerhöfer Britta , Böhm Thomas , Kulyk Nadiia , Thiele Simon , Mayrhofer Karl J. J. , Cherevko Serhiy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPt dissolution has already been intensively studied in aqueous model systems and many mechanistic insights have been gained. Nevertheless, transfer of new knowledge to real‐world fuel cell systems is still a significant challenge. To close this gap, we present a novel in situ method combining a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) half‐cell with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). With this setup, Pt dissolution in realistic catalyst layers and the transport of dissolved Pt species through Nafion membranes were evaluated directly. We observed that 1) specific Pt dissolution increased significantly with decreasing Pt loading, 2) in comparison to experiments on aqueous model systems with flow cells, the measured dissolution in GDE experiments was considerably lower, and 3) by adding a membrane onto the catalyst layer, Pt dissolution was reduced even further. All these phenomena are attributed to the varying mass transport conditions of dissolved Pt species, influencing re‐deposition and equilibrium potential.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Skipped Enynes via C(sp3)–H Alkynylation of Terminal Alkenes
Authors: Della‐Felice Franco , Zanini Margherita , Jie Xiaoming , Tan Eric , Echavarren Antonio M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe RhIII‐catalyzed allylic C−H alkynylation of non‐activated terminal alkenes leads selectively to linear 1,4‐enynes at room‐temperature. The catalytic system tolerates a wide range of functional groups without competing functionalization at other positions. Similarly, the vinylic C−H alkynylation of α,β‐ and β,γ‐ unsaturated amides gives conjugated Z‐1,3‐enynes and E‐enediynes.
Strategies and Perspectives to Catch the Missing Pieces in Energy‐Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: Anantharaj Sengeni , Noda Suguru , Jothi Vasanth Rajendiran , Yi SungChul , Driess Matthias , Menezes Prashanth W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTransition metal hydroxides (M‐OH) and their heterostructures (X|M‐OH, where X can be a metal, metal oxide, metal chalcogenide, metal phosphide, etc.) have recently emerged as highly active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of alkaline water electrolysis. Lattice hydroxide anions in metal hydroxides are primarily responsible for observing such an enhanced HER activity in alkali that facilitate water dissociation and assist the first step, the hydrogen adsorption. Unfortunately, their poor electronic conductivity had been an issue of concern that significantly lowered its activity. Interesting advancements were made when heterostructured hydroxide materials with a metallic and or a semiconducting phase were found to overcome this pitfall. However, in the midst of recently evolving metal chalcogenide and phosphide based HER catalysts, significant developments made in the field of metal hydroxides and their heterostructures catalysed alkaline HER and their superiority have unfortunately been given negligible attention. This review, unlike others, begins with the question of why alkaline HER is difficult and will take the reader through evaluation perspectives, trends in metals hydroxides and their heterostructures catalysed HER, an understanding of how alkaline HER works on different interfaces, what must be the research directions of this field in near future, and eventually summarizes why metal hydroxides and their heterostructures are inevitable for energy‐efficient alkaline HER.
Executive Function Skills Are Linked to Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors: Three Correlational Meta Analyses
Authors: Iversen Rebecca Kvisler , Lewis Charlie 
Published: January 2021

There is a consensus on the centrality of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), yet the origins of these behaviors are still debated. We reconsider whether executive function (EF) accounts of RRBs should be revisited. EF deficits and high levels of RRBs are often pronounced in individuals with ASD and are also prevalent in young typically developing children. Despite this, the evidence is mixed, and there has been no systematic attempt to evaluate the relationship across studies and between task batteries. We examine recent evidence, and in three highly powered random‐effects analyses (N = 2964), examine the strength of the association between RRB levels and performance on set shifting, inhibitory control, and parental‐report based EF batteries. The analyses confirm significant associations between high levels of the behaviors and poor EF skills. Moreover, the associations remained stable across typical development and in individuals with ASD and across different types of EF measures. These meta‐analyses consolidate recent evidence identifying that cognitive mechanisms correlate with high RRBs that are seen in individuals with ASD, as well as in typical development. We propose that the EF account may be critical for guiding future interventions in ASD research.Lay SummaryRestricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are diagnostic criteria for Autism yet also common in typical development, and if they persist over time some can have a negative impact on learning and social acceptance. The present meta‐analyses found that high levels of RRBs related to poor performance on set‐shifting and inhibitory control tasks, as well as high ratings on parental report scales. Future studies should create interventions that aim to improve these skills as they may help manage challenging RRBs.
Microfluidics for microalgal biotechnology
Authors: Ozdalgic Berin , Ustun Merve , Dabbagh Sajjad Rahmani , Haznedaroglu Berat Z. , Kiraz Alper , Tasoglu Savas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMicroalgae have expanded their roles as renewable and sustainable feedstocks for biofuel, smart nutrition, biopharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, biosensing, and space technologies. They accumulate valuable biochemical compounds from protein, carbohydrate, and lipid groups, including pigments and carotenoids. Microalgal biomass, which can be adopted for multivalorization under biorefinery settings, allows not only the production of various biofuels but also other value‐added biotechnological products. However, state‐of‐the‐art technologies are required to optimize yield, quality, and the economical aspects of both upstream and downstream processes. As such, the need to use microfluidic‐based devices for both fundamental research and industrial applications of microalgae, arises due to their microscale sizes and dilute cultures. Microfluidics‐based devices are superior to their competitors through their ability to perform multiple functions such as sorting and analyzing small amounts of samples (nanoliter to picoliter) with higher sensitivities. Here, we review emerging applications of microfluidic technologies on microalgal processes in cell sorting, cultivation, harvesting, and applications in biofuels, biosensing, drug delivery, and nutrition.
Common pool resource institutions: The rise of internet platforms in the social solidarity economy
Authors: Ridley‐Duff Rory , Bull Mike 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe research problemTheories of organising are dominated by a neoliberal agenda. This authority has been disrupted by social and sustainable entrepreneurship research that highlights alternatives to this hegemony. The motivation for this paper is to argue that the emergence of internet platforms contributes to new ways of working in the social solidarity economy (SSE). We focus our exploration on organisational practices and characteristics, evaluating platforms as contributions to commoning.MethodOur approach offers a way out of the public–private dichotomy. We build theory by positioning the SSE as a series of approaches that hybridise redistribution, reciprocity and market: three distinct strategies of social organisations for achieving their primary purposes. Utilising Elinor Oström's theory of common pool resource institutions (CPRIs) and her design principles, we appraise three internet platforms (Kiva, Loomio and Kickstarter). We triangulate organisational, academic and media narratives to assess the embeddedness of their commoning practices and potential as social innovations for a postcapitalist economy.Contribution to knowledgeSocial enterprises (SEs) can develop internet platforms that use CBPP to build and support the SSE. This is the first paper to deploy Oström's work to study how SEs use CBPP, thereby developing the theoretical connections between these two fields. Our findings are part of a discourse that challenges neoliberalism and identifies how the SSE contributes to sustainable development.
Resilience in children in the aftermath of disasters: A systematic review and a new perspective on individual, interpersonal, group, and intergroup level factors
Authors: Cadamuro Alessia , Birtel Michèle D. , Di Bernardo Gian Antonio , Crapolicchio Eleonora , Vezzali Loris , Drury John 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDisasters can impact upon individuals, families, and communities in multiple ways. Research has mainly focused on risk and protective factors relating to the child (individual level) and the family (interpersonal level), not taking into account the processes at the level of social groups. The present review aims to (a) review psychological research on disasters determined by natural events in childhood, (b) distinguish individual, interpersonal, group, and intergroup levels, (c) emphasize the importance of considering resilience as a key outcome. We reviewed 294 studies (in addition to 28 reviews‐meta‐analyses, and 29 naturalistic interventions), and identified factors at the individual (e.g., demographics, exposure, individual differences), interpersonal (e.g., parent–child relationship, family and school environment), group (e.g., social identity, group membership), and intergroup (relations between different groups) levels. We argue that an integrated model of these factors and their interplay is needed to design interventions to enhance resilience in children and their communities. We extend previous theorizations by providing a wider conceptualization of distress and resilience, and by considering the interplay between factors at different levels. A multidimensional approach to the consequences of disasters in children is crucial to understand their development and well‐being, and to design effective interventions. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article'sCommunity and Social Impact Statement.
Lichenochemical Screening and Antioxidant Capacity of Four Tunisian Lichen Species
Authors: Mendili Mohamed , Bannour Marwa , Araújo Maria Eduarda M. , Seaward Mark R. D. , Khadhri Ayda 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of four Tunisian lichen species, Cladonia rangiformis, Flavoparmelia caperata, Squamarina cartilaginea and Xanthoria parietina, were determined in order to provide a better understanding of their lichenochemical composition. Powdered material of F. caperata was the richest in total phenolic content (956.68 μg GAE g−1 DW) and S. cartilaginea in proanthocyanidin content (77.31 μg CE g−1 DW), while the acetone extract of X. parietina showed the highest flavonoid content (9.56 μg CE g−1 DW). The antioxidant capacity of all lichen extracts and crude material was evaluated by DPPH. scavenging, iron‐chelating, and iron‐reducing powers. Results showed that methanol extracts of S. cartilaginea had the highest DPPH. antioxidant capacity (IC50=0.9 μg mL−1) and the highest iron‐reducing power was attributed to the acetone extract of this species. All extracts of all species were further screened by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and nuclear resonance spectroscopy (NMR); results showed an abundance of phenols, aromatic compounds, and fatty acids. Overall, our results showed that the investigated species are a rich source of potentially bioactive compounds with valuable properties.
Purification, Characterization, and Antiproliferative Activity of a Single‐Chain Lectin from Vicia palaestina (Fabaceae) Seeds
Authors: Elamine Youssef , Torres‐Salas Verenice , Messai Alima , Girón‐Calle Julio , Alaiz Manuel , Vioque Javier 
Published: January 2021

AbstractVicia palaestina Boiss. is an annual herb that grows in dry areas of eastern Mediterranean countries. It belongs to section Cracca subgenus Vicilla, which is characterized by having a high content in the non‐protein amino acid canavanine. The seeds from some of these vetches are also rich in lectins. The purification and characterization of a single‐chain lectin from the seeds of V. palaestina is described here. This lectin was the most abundant protein in albumin extracts. It has affinity for the glycoconjugate N‐acetylgalactosamine and inhibits proliferation of the cancerous Caco‐2 and THP‐1 cell lines. In addition to their high nutritional value, the seeds from V. palaestina represent a source of lectins with health promoting and pharmacological potential because of their antiproliferative activity.
Chemical Profile and Phytotoxic Action of Hibiscus trionum Essential Oil
Authors: Zhou Shi‐Xing , Zhu Xun‐Zhi , Wei Cai‐Xia , Shi Kai , Han Cai‐Xia , Zhang Chi , Shao Hua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe chemical profile and phytotoxic action of Hibiscus trionum essential oil (EO) was studied. In total 17 compounds were identified via GC/MS, representing 94.18 % of the entire oil, with phytol (40.37 %) being the dominant constituent. Bioassay revealed that the EO inhibited root elongation of Medicago sativa and Amaranthus retroflexus by 32.66 % and 61.86 % at 5 mg/mL, respectively; meanwhile, the major component phytol also exhibited significant phytotoxic activity, suppressing radical elongation of Pennisetum alopecuroides, M. sativa and A. retroflexus by 26.08 %, 27.55 % and 43.96 % at 1 mg/mL, respectively. The fact that the EO showed weaker activity than phytol implied that some constituents might trigger antagonistic action to decrease the oil's activity. Our study is the first on the chemical profile and phytotoxic effect of H. trionum EO.
Luminescent Amphiphilic Aminoglycoside Probes to Study Transfection
Authors: Zimmermann Alexander , Jaber Qais Z. , Koch Johannes , Riebe Steffen , Vallet Cecilia , Loza Kateryna , Hayduk Matthias , Steinbuch Kfir B. , Knauer Shirley K. , Fridman Micha , Voskuhl Jens 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe report the characterization of amphiphilic aminoglycoside conjugates containing luminophores with aggregation‐induced emission properties as transfection reagents. These inherently luminescent transfection vectors are capable of binding plasmid DNA through electrostatic interactions; this binding results in an emission “on” signal due to restriction of intramolecular motion of the luminophore core. The luminescent cationic amphiphiles effectively transferred plasmid DNA into mammalian cells (HeLa, HEK 293T), as proven by expression of a red fluorescent protein marker. The morphologies of the aggregates were investigated by microscopy as well as ζ‐potential and dynamic light‐scattering measurements. The transfection efficiencies using luminescent cationic amphiphiles were similar to that of the gold‐standard transfection reagent Lipofectamine® 2000.
Catalysis in Confined Spaces
Authors: Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn recent years, we have seen a rapidly increasing interest in understanding the effects of confinement in catalysis, with the ultimate goal of designing tailored chemical environments to improve the performance of catalysts. This themed collection showcases the most recent developments in the field, sharing novel strategies that take advantage of confinement effects to overcome challenges that are relevant to the wider catalysis community.
Effect of Single‐ and Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes with Activated Carbon on Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Jokar Faezeh , Nguyen Dinh Duc , Pourkhalil Mahnaz , Pirouzfar Vahid 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCarbon nanotubes and nanoporous activated carbons served as adsorbents for hydrogen storage. Carbon nanotubes were prepared by a special chemical vapor deposition method over a Co‐Mo/MgO catalyst, and nanoporous activated carbons were obtained from walnut shells. According to the Fourier transform infrared analysis, oxygenated functional groups were formed on the structures. The X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results let conclude that the structures were not damaged by the acidic vapor method. The maximum experimental value for adsorption capacity was achieved under elevated pressure. The highest capacity of H2 adsorption was detected for nitric acid‐modified carbon.
A new criterion for selection of non‐zero loadings for sparse principal component analysis (SPCA)
Authors: Rahoma Abdalhamid , Imtiaz Syed , Ahmed Salim 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSparse principal component analysis (SPCA) has recently emerged as an approach aimed at producing compact principal component loadings by suppressing spurious values and thus overcoming some limitations of the traditional principal component analysis (PCA). This paper proposes a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) method based on SPCA; in this approach, the number of non‐zero loadings (NNZL) of SPCAs is selected based on both the false alarm rate (FAR) and the fault detection rate (FDR). The criterion is to have lower FAR and higher FDR. This new feature makes SPCA better suited for FDD, which is demonstrated by comparing its performance with that of three other methods for finding loadings. The overall FDD performances of both PCA and SPCA‐based techniques are illustrated using the benchmark continuous stirred tank heater (CSTH) process. The results show that the PCs derived based on the proposed criterion has a better fault diagnosis ability.