bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of the short‐term combination therapy with ticagrelor and PPIs or H2RA in patients with acute STEMI who underwent emergency PCI
Authors: Wei Peng , Zhuo Shujiang , Fu Qiang , Wang Haibo , Zong Bin , Cao Bangming , Wang Liansheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCombination therapy with platelet inhibitors and acid‐suppressive agents is recommended for patients with acute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but there remains a paucity of data to evaluate both the efficacy and safety of these combinations. In this prospective study, a total of 170 patients with acute STEMI who underwent PCI were divided into four groups: pantoprazole + ticagrelor, omeprazole + ticagrelor, ranitidine + ticagrelor, and ticagrelor only. The risk of PCI, antithrombotic efficacy, cardiac function, and main end points were evaluated and compared. No significant differences were found in infarction‐related artery perfusion indexes (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI], corrected TIMI frame count), the incidence of stent thrombosis after PCI, platelet indicators (platelet count, mean platelet volume, and platelet distribution width), platelet activation (P‐selectin and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa levels), platelet aggregation (thrombelastography indicators, such as ADP% and MAADP), myocardial necrosis biomarker (creatine kinase isoenzyme‐MB and cardiac troponin I) levels, brain natriuretic peptide levels, the incidence of ischemic end point events, and the incidence of other tissue and organ bleeding events among the four groups. The incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding events in the proton pump‐inhibitor (PPI) group was significantly lower than that in the control group, whereas in the H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) group it was not significantly different from the control group. The short‐term combination therapy with ticagrelor and PPIs or H2RA is safe and effective in patients with acute STEMI after PCI. In addition, the PPIs combined with ticagrelor could reduce the incidence of GI bleeding events without increasing the incidence of ischemic events.
Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum with severe acroparesthesia, an endothelial abnormality, and inconspicuous genetic findings
Authors: Harzer Klaus , Beck‐Wödl Stefanie , Haack Tobias B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAngiokeratoma corporis diffusum (ACD) was long thought to be a specific dermal sign of Fabry disease (FD, X‐linked alpha‐galactosidase A [GLA] deficiency). However, other lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) have also been identified as triggers of ACD. Generalized vasculopathy is an important pathogenetic factor in FD and may also lead to the acroparesthesia (AP) often predominant in FD. We report on an 85‐year‐old woman with ACD present since her youth and associated with severe AP. Ultrastructure of the dermal lesion showed no lysosomal involvement, but the absence of the basement membrane of the endothelial cells of the capillary vessels was noteworthy. Repeated analyses of theGLAgene revealed no evidence of FD. Whole‐exome sequencing was negative for FD and other LSDs, and allowed us to also study FD‐related intronic regions of theGLAgene. This is the first report of a patient with FD‐like ACD with an endothelial abnormality, otherwise unexplained vasculopathy and severe AP, which are not due to FD or another LSD. Based on family history, another genetic, yet unidentified, defect may cause the disease in this patient. In unexplained ACD, extended genetic analysis is required to exclude particular pathogenic variants of theGLAgene and other genes.
The first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic in primary schools in the Czech Republic: Parental perspectives
Authors: Smetackova Irena , Stech Stanislav 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe article presents results of a survey among parents of primary‐school pupils, in which they commented on education during school closures due to the COVID‐19 disease pandemic in the spring of 2020. The questionnaire mapped family arrangements, parents' competencies, parenting practices concerning learning, and communication with the school. It was administered to more than 2,500 respondents at the end of the period of school closures (May–June 2020). The analysis focused on the question of whether the parents of pupils in primary schools assessed the home‐based distance learning as well handled and whether they felt concerned about their child's future school results. We understand parents' satisfaction as a result of the interaction between family arrangements on one hand, and requirements formulated by the schools on the other. The analysis showed that most parents rated home education positively. However, the socio‐economic status (SES) and cultural status of parents was a significant factor. Among the low‐SES parents, 47% reported concerns, while among the high‐SES parents, only 30% did. The strongest moderators of the link between SES and concerns about the school results of children were: school‐family communication during closures, adequacy of curriculum, parental practices supporting child's concentration and motivation, perceived school success of a child and parents' educational aspirations for the child.
On wandering: Exile, migration and other questions in critical theory
Authors: Finlayson James Gordon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this review article I do three things. I examine the question of whether the jewish émigrés of the Frankfurt School are best thought of as “permanent exiles” or migrants. I discuss Gordon's account of the relation between religious and profane ideas in Benjamin, Horkheimer and Adorno. Third, I try to flush out Gordon's implicit Habermasian commitments and ask to what extent these can be reconciled with his explicit Adornian conclusions.
Once again: On the relationship between morality and ethical life
Authors: Habermas Jürgen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEver since Hegel highlighted the difference between morality and ethical life or ‘Sittlichkeit’, philosophical discourse concerning morality and law in the traditions that developed subsequently, up to and including the Frankfurt School, has oscillated between those poles. This paper opens with a short exposition of autonomy as one of the few large‐scale innovations in the history of philosophy and proceeds to discuss Hegel's concept of ethical life and the objections that can be raised against it from a Kantian point of view. Political theory, however, has to move beyond pure normativism and consider actual social relations of power, as Marx disclosed. Tracing this winding trajectory from Kant to Marx provides some perspective that may be illuminating concerning present‐day challenges.
Prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients with terminated status epilepticus and outcome: An observational cohort study
Authors: Baumann Sira M. , Semmlack Saskia , Rybitschka Anja , Kliem Paulina S. C. , De Marchis Gian Marco , Rüegg Stephan , Hunziker Sabina , Marsch Stephan , Sutter Raoul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveClassical clinical characteristics associated with successful or unsuccessful extubation are unreliable in neurocritically ill patients, and attempts to predict successful extubation in this context have failed. We aimed to investigate the frequency of mechanical ventilation (MV) in adult patients in status epilepticus (SE) and its clinical associations, to identify predictors at SE onset of prolonged postictal MV, and to determine the associated outcomes with prolonged MV.MethodsFrom 2012 to 2018, SE patients treated in intensive care units at a Swiss academic care center were included. Multivariable Poisson regression adjusting for potential confounders, such as continuously administered anesthetics, was performed to identify risks for postictal MV for >24 h after SE and its association with no return to neurologic function and death. Linear regression was performed to identify correlations between the durations of administered specific anesthetics and postictal MV.ResultsOf 262 patients, 42% were ventilated, with 24% being on ventilators for >24 h after SE. Patients with prolonged postictal MV were extubated at a median of 7 days, with 56% not being extubated on the day of successful weaning from MV because of altered consciousness and/or lack of airway‐protective reflexes. After extubation, noninvasive ventilation and reintubation were rarely needed. Prolonged postictal MV was associated with increased risk for death independent of potential confounders, including fatal etiology of SE, age, SE severity, and use of anesthetics (relative risk for every additional day = 2.7, p = .024). At SE onset, decreased consciousness and presumed fatal etiology predicted prolonged postictal MV. Anesthetics were associated with prolonged MV, but linear regression could not identify significant correlations.SignificanceOur data reveal that prolonged postictal MV is frequent and an independent risk factor for death. Extubation is often delayed for days despite sufficient weaning from the ventilator and altered airway‐protective reflexes in only few patients. Studies need to investigate whether more rigorous extubation strategies improve outcome.
Intercropped maize‐soybean silage: Effects on forage yield, fermentation pattern and nutritional composition
Authors: Bolson Dheyme Cristina , Jacovaci Fernando Alberto , Gritti Viviane Carnaval , Bueno Antônio Vinícius Iank , Daniel João Luiz Pratti , Nussio Luiz Gustavo , Jobim Clóves Cabreira 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe investigated whether the intercropping of maize and soybean could improve the silage nutritional content without reducing the forage yield or worsening silage fermentation process and aerobic stability. Three crop arrangements were studied: maize monoculture, soybean monoculture and maize‐soybean intercropping. The experimental design was completely randomized with 5 replicates per treatment. Maize‐soybean intercropping decreased the dry matter (DM) and grain yield as well as the production of digestible dry matter per hectare. The crude protein content of maize‐soybean intercropped silage was higher compared with maize in monoculture (by 40%), but, on average, both silages presented similar fermentation profile, in vitro digestibility (600 g/kg DM), dry matter loss (37.1 g/kg DM), gas loss (36 g/kg DM) and aerobic stability (60 hr). Soybean‐crop silage presented an elevated content of volatile organic compounds, low lactic acid concentration (2 g/kg DM), high pH (5.26), and greater losses of dry matter (73 g/kg DM) and gas (98.5 g/kg DM) during fermentation. Aerobic stability was higher in soybean‐crop silage (192 hr) due to the high content of volatile fatty acids (butyric acid > 87 g/kg DM) and low contents of residual sugar and lactic acid. In conclusion, maize and soybean intercropping increased crude protein content, but contrary to our hypothesis, the crop association did not result in greater silage digestibility or higher aerobic stability, nonetheless reduced both crop productivity. Additionally, ensiling direct‐cut soybean crop with low DM content is not recommended due to the high risk of undesirable fermentation and nutrient losses.
What is intersectional equality? A definition and goal of equality for organizations
Authors: Woods Dorian R. , Benschop Yvonne , van den Brink Marieke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOrganizational research has come a long way in understanding and dealing with inequalities in the workplace. Despite this, there has not been enough progress toward equality. The reason for the stymied progress, we argue, is in large part due to the conceptual gaps in our understanding of equality. This has not been clear enough to prevent previous imbalances in power, interests and domination from re‐manifesting themselves in new ways. Because organizations are complex, there needs to be a clear definition and goal of equality that can account for these mechanisms. In this article, we present a conceptual approach we call intersectional equality. To develop this approach, we build on Kimberlé Crenshaw's intersectionality and Joan Acker's inequality regimes that are useful for understanding the presence and persistency of inequality in organizations, but these do not define solutions for equality. At this point, we turn to equality and justice theory and examine Amartya Sen's capabilities approach for incorporating organizations and organizational responsibilities to pursue equality. In light of the conceptual gaps in intersectionality, the inequality regimes, and the capabilities approach, we present intersectional equality as a conclusive alternative concept and approach. Intersectional equality sharpens the feminist definition and vision of equality for organizations and provides a practical path forward for building coalitions and capabilities across four dimensions of organizational disparities (procedural, discursive, material, and affective).
Quantifying the overall impact of an early childhood multi‐behavioural lifestyle intervention
Authors: Zheng Miaobing , Hesketh Kylie D. , McNaughton Sarah A. , Salmon Jo , Crawford David , Cameron Adrian J. , Lioret Sandrine , Campbell Karen J. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryBackgroundThe overall impact of interventions targeting multiple behaviours remains largely unexplored.ObjectivesThis study adopted an integrative lifestyle pattern analysis approach to assess the overall effectiveness of an early childhood intervention on change across multiple behaviours.MethodsThe Melbourne INFANT program was a 15‐month cluster‐randomized controlled trial involving 4‐month‐old infants and their parents at baseline in 2008 (n = 542). The intervention included six education sessions helping parents to promote a healthy diet, physical activity and limit sedentary behaviour in their infants. Participants were followed‐up twice post‐intervention, at ages 3.6 (2011) and 5 years (2013), to assess sustained effects of the intervention. Previous principal component analyses identified two lifestyle patterns from dietary intake, outdoor time and television viewing time. Random effect linear regression models were conducted to assess the impact of the intervention on lifestyle patterns.ResultsThe intervention group had a lower ‘Discretionary consumption and TV’ lifestyle pattern score than the control group at all time points with adjusted mean difference: −0.29, 95% CI −0.49, −0.09, p = 0.004 post‐intervention at age 1.5 years; −0.29, 95% CI −0.54, −0.04, p = 0.02 at the first follow‐up (age 3.6 years); and −0.21, 95% CI −0.43, 0.01, p = 0.06 at the second follow‐up (age 5.0 years). No evidence of between‐group differences was found for the ‘Fruit, vegetables and outdoor’ lifestyle pattern score.ConclusionThis early childhood intervention designed to promote change in more than one obesity‐related behaviour was effective in improving correlated unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. Lifestyle pattern analysis is a useful and interpretable approach for evaluating multi‐behavioural interventions.
Visceral fat and arterial stiffness in youth with healthy weight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Higgins Simon , Zemel Babette S. , Khoury Philip R. , Urbina Elaine M. , Kindler Joseph M. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryBackground and objectivesVisceral fat is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in adults, but studies in youth are limited. We assessed associations between visceral fat and arterial stiffness in youth with healthy weight, obesity and type 2 diabetes and determined whether relationships were independent of clinical estimates of body fatness.MethodsThis cross‐sectional sample included youth ages 10–23 years (67% female, 56% non‐black) with healthy weight (body mass index [BMI] = 5th–85th percentile, n = 236), obesity (BMI ≥ 95th percentile, n = 224) and type 2 diabetes (BMI ≥ 95th percentile, n = 145). Visceral fat was assessed via dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was assessed via applanation tonometry. Obesity and type 2 diabetes groups were combined for final analyses. Analyses accounted for age, sex, ancestry and mean arterial pressure.ResultsVisceral fat and PWV were greater in youth with obesity versus healthy weight (p < 0.001). In youth with obesity, but not healthy weight, visceral fat was positively associated with PWV (p < 0.001) and was predictive of PWV beyond BMI and waist circumference.ConclusionsVisceral fat likely contributes to subclinical cardiovascular complications in youth. Since cardiovascular health tracks from adolescence to adulthood, longitudinal studies in youth with obesity are required to define the role of visceral fat in lifelong cardiovascular disease risk.
Prevalence of diabetes in people with intellectual disabilities and age‐ and gender‐matched controls: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Vancampfort Davy , Schuch Felipe , Van Damme Tine , Firth Joseph , Suetani Shuichi , Stubbs Brendon , Van Biesen Debbie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis meta‐analysis aims to: (i) describe the pooled prevalence of diabetes in people with intellectual disabilities, (ii) investigate the association with demographic, clinical and treatment‐related factors and (iii) compare the prevalence versus age‐ and gender‐matched general population controls.MethodsPubmed, Embase and CINAHL were searched until 01 May 2021. Random effects meta‐analysis and an odds ratio analysis were conducted to compare rates with controls.ResultsThe trim‐ and fill‐adjusted pooled diabetes prevalence amongst 55,548 individuals with intellectual disabilities (N studies = 33) was 8.5% (95% CI = 7.2%–10.0%). The trim‐ and fill‐adjusted odds for diabetes was 2.46 times higher (95% CI = 1.89–3.21) (n = 42,684) versus controls (n = 4,177,550).Older age (R2 = .83, p < .001), smoking (R2 = .30, p = .009) and co‐morbid depression (R2 = .18, p = .04), anxiety (R2 = .97, p < .001), and hypertension (R2 = 0.29, p < .001) were associated with higher diabetes prevalence rates.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that people with intellectual disabilities are at an increased risk of diabetes, and therefore routine screening and multidisciplinary management of diabetes is needed.
A prospective randomized controlled trial of the safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide insufflation compared with room air insufflation during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Kim Shin Hee , Hong Su Jin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and AimCarbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (GESD) under sedation can be used instead of room air insufflation. Appropriate monitoring of the partial pressure of CO2 during GESD is necessary due to the impaired respiration. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of CO2 insufflation during GESD compared with conventional room air insufflation.MethodsPatients with a gastric epithelial neoplasm or early gastric cancer were enrolled. A total of 76 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to the CO2 insufflation group (CO2 group) or the room air insufflation group (air group). The primary outcome was the mean difference of end‐tidal CO2 (EtCO2) between two groups.ResultsThe upper bound of the 95% CI for the mean EtCO2 difference between the two groups before the procedure and at 15, 30 and 45 min after insufflation met the criteria for noninferiority. In a subgroup analysis of patients 70 years and older, the mean difference of EtCO2 was not significantly different between two groups. However, the air group received more analgesics than the CO2 group after the procedure (67.6% vs 35.1%, P = 0.005). In addition, in terms of improvement of abdominal pain or bowel gas after 24 h of GESD, CO2 group showed better results than air group (both P < 0.05).ConclusionsCO2 insufflation during GESD is as safe as using room air, and patients, including elderly patients, receiving CO2 achieve more rapid relief of abdominal pain and intra‐abdominal residual gas during and after the procedure.
Discontinuation of beta‐blockers among nursing home residents at end of life
Authors: Lee Deborah S. , Zullo Andrew R. , Lee Yoojin , Daiello Lori A. , Kim Dae Hyun , Kiel Douglas P. , Berry Sarah D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundGiven limited life expectancy of nursing home (NH) residents, harms of continuing beta‐blockers (BBs) may outweigh clinical benefits. Our objective was to describe beta‐blocker discontinuation for NH residents during the last year of life, and identify characteristics associated with earlier discontinuation.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study that included all long‐stay residents in fee‐for‐service Medicare who died in 2016 and were prescribed oral BBs 1 year before death. Beta‐blocker discontinuation was defined as a gap in medication on hand for ≥45 days per Medicare Part D claims, measured from the last date drug was on hand. Comorbidities were obtained from Chronic Condition Warehouse, and other characteristics from the Minimum Data Set. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to describe time to first discontinuation. Findings were stratified by cardiac diagnoses, perceived life expectancy of <6 months, or elevated mortality index.ResultsEighty‐eight thousand two hundred and eighty‐four residents were prescribed ≥1 daily BB 12 months before death. Mean age was 84.1 years and 69.2% were female. Of these, 60,573 residents (68.6%) remained on a BB in the last 45 days of life, and 57,880 residents (65.6%) had ≥1 cardiac diagnosis. Only 5239 residents (5.9%) had elevated mortality index, whereas 16,798 residents (19.0%) had perceived poor prognosis. In the last year of life, there was no difference in beta‐blocker discontinuation pattern between residents with and without cardiac diagnoses. Residents with perceived poor prognosis and elevated mortality index discontinued BBs earlier. For example, mean time until discontinuation among residents with poor perceived prognosis was 245 versus 279 days in residents without such prognosis (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsBBs are commonly prescribed to NH residents in the final year of life. Overall, discontinuation occurs earlier in residents for whom clinicians perceive limited life expectancy, suggesting that improved prognostication may offer an important opportunity to reduce polypharmacy toward end of life.