bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of A Modified Extended Model-Based Fault Detection And Diagnosis Approach
Authors: Alikhani Alireza , Sharifi Ghasem 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A supervisory system for space missions is critical due to the high risk of missions, the costs, and the impossibility of adding redundancy. The model-based fault detection approaches are of interest due to their highly responsive speed, robustness against disturbances and uncertainties, and accuracy. Conventional model-based methods have some drawbacks such as feasibility and applicability. In this paper, a modified extended multiple models adaptive estimation (MEMMAE) method is developed which keep both the advantages of the previous model-based methods and take into account some limitations of that. This approach can be performed on various systems to detect and diagnose faults, with appropriate response speed and resistance to uncertainty and disturbances. By combining the recursive least-square algorithm with the extended multiple model adaptive estimation (EMMAE) method, the limitations of this method including simultaneous fault detection, diagnostics of failure cause, and high processing volume are eliminated. The method is implemented on a spacecraft as a case study using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software and demonstrates that the responsive speed and accuracy of the proposed method is significantly much more effective and accurate than the previous method.
Cluster-Based Ensemble Learning Model for Rapid Detection of Aortic Dissection
Authors: Gao Yan , Wang Min , Zhang Guogang , Zhou Lingjun , Luo Jingming , Liu Lijue 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Aortic dissection (AD) is a rare and high-risk cardiovascular disease with dangerous morbidity and high mortality, so it needs rapid diagnosis and timely treatment. However, due to its complex and changeable clinical manifestations and the lack of special symptoms and signs, it is easy to cause missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.Methods: The data set used in this paper comes from 53213 patients, which collected from XiangYa Hospital in Hunan Province from 2008 to 2016. The data includes 802 patients with aortic dissection and 52411 patients with non-aortic dissection. In order to help clinicians predict AD, we designed an ensemble learning model based on clustering: Cluster Random Under-sampling Smote-Tomek-link Bagging (CRST-Bagging). This model combines the advantages of clustering-based compound resampling (CRST) method and Bagging ensemble classifier. It achieves good results on aortic dissection data sets.Results: The model validates the effectiveness of the CRST sampling method on the AD data set. We compared the CRST-Bagging model with the classical ensemble models RUSBoost and SMOTE-Bagging on the AD data set. The experimental results show that the CRST-Bagging model has the best performance in the detection of AD. Model’s accuracy and recall rate are 83.6% and 80.7% respectively. And the F1 value is 82.1%, which is 4.8% and 1.6% higher than that of RUSBoost and SMOTE-Bagging model.Conclusions: The model proposed in this paper can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic model of AD to provide reference for clinical medicine. The model can also help doctors to judge whether patients need further imaging examination. Thus help to reduce the rate of clinical misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of AD.
The impact of decree laws on the performance of Turkish physiology academics: A repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Gümüştekin Kenan , Aktürk Zekeriya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives

This study aimed to describe the academic losses resulting from the Turkish purge and associated dismissals with the decree laws following the failed coup attempt in 2016 concerning physiology academics.
Methods

An observational study was conducted covering the time before 2008, 2009–2012, 2013–2016, and 2017–2020. All actively-working assistant, associate, and full professors of physiology in Turkey as of 15th July 2016 and recently hired academic staff after the coup attempt in 2016 were included in the study. Data collection was performed in December 2020. The primary outcome variable of the study was the total number of publications listed in Google Scholar.
Results

Data of 271 academics were analyzed. Of the participants, 209 (87.1%) continued on their positions, 31 (12.9%) were dismissed after the 2016 coup attempt, and 31 were hired after the purge. The number of publications of scholars hired before 2016 and dismissed were significantly higher before 2008, between 2009 and 2012, and between 2013 and 2016 compared to scholars hired before 2016 and not purged (p < 0.05). Also, the total number of citations, H-index, and i10-index values were significantly better in the purged individuals (p < 0.05). Although the purged academics had relatively higher performance indicators in the previous years, they experienced a 44.2% loss in the number of publications after 2016.
Conclusion

The mass dismissals after the coup attempt in 2016 harmed individual physiology academics as well as the general physiology academy. International academic and human rights organizations must be more sensitive to protect scholars who undergo similar persecutions.
Determining the Effect of Age on the Reproductive and Stress Physiology of Octopus Bimaculoides Using Dermal Hormones
Authors: Chancellor Stephanie , Grasse Bret , Sakmar Taylor , Scheel David , Brown Joel S. , Santymire Rachel M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Our goal was to validate the use of dermal swabs to evaluate both reproductive and stress physiology in the California two-spot octopus, Octopus bimaculoides. Our objectives were to: 1. use a biological stressor to validate glucocorticoid analysis; 2. compare the concentration of reproductive hormones (estrogen and progesterone in females; testosterone in males) of reproductive (N = 4) and senescent (N = 8) individuals to determine the effect of age on hormonal patterns; and 3. determine the relationship between glucocorticoid and reproductive hormone production. For the stress test, individuals were first swabbed and then chased around the aquarium with a net for five minutes. Afterwards, individuals were swabbed for 2 hours at 15-minute intervals to compare to a pre-stress test swab. Reproductive individuals responded to the stressor with a 2-fold peak of cortisol at 15 and 90 minutes. Six of eight senescent individuals did not produce a 2-fold increase in cortisol. Reproductive females had significantly higher sex hormone concentrations (progesterone, estrogen, and testosterone) compared to senescent females. Reproductive males also had significantly higher levels of testosterone compared to their senescent counterparts. After the stressor, only reproductive males produced a 2-fold increase in testosterone concentrations, while sex hormones in females showed no change. Dermal swabs provide an effective and non-invasive means for evaluating octopus hormones, which can provide indicators of both reproductive state and perceptions of acute stressors.
Physical Processes of Summer Extreme Rainfall Interannual Variability in Eastern China. Part I: Observational Analysis
Authors: Tian Fangxing , Li Sihan , Dong Buwen , Klingaman Nicholas P , Freychet Nicolas , Sparrow Sarah 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Extreme precipitation can have catastrophic effects in China by triggering floods, landslides, and other natural disasters. We measure extreme precipitation over eastern China by the seasonal maximum of total precipitation over 5 consecutive days (Rx5day) in June, July, and August (JJA), which contributes more than 20% of the climate mean of JJA regional total precipitation. Based on the empirical orthogonal teleconnection (EOT) method, this work identifies four dominant regions of observed Rx5day interannual variability in eastern China: north-eastern China (EOT1), the southern lower reaches of the Yangtze valley (EOT2), southern China (EOT3) and the northern lower reaches of the Yangtze valley (EOT4). EOT1 extreme precipitation is related to a strong East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM), a weak monsoon front and a northward displaced upper-tropospheric westerly jet. EOT2 and EOT4 extreme precipitation are located to the south and north of the lower reaches of the Yangtze valley, respectively. They are related to an enhanced and stable monsoon front and a strong western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH). The WNPSH associated with EOT4 is stronger than that associated with EOT2, which pushes the monsoon front further north. EOT3 represents extreme precipitation in southern China, related to anomalous southerlies around the western ridge of the WNPSH. The southerlies transport warm and moist air to southern China and increase precipitation there. The four key regions and the related mechanisms are not sensitive to the EOT technique, as the EOT-based extreme precipitation patterns and circulation anomalies are confirmed using Self-Organising Maps (SOMs).
Cellulose Film with Air Barrier and Moisture-Conducting Character Fabricated by a Green Process
Authors: Peng Junwu , Li Yanan , Liu Xinglin , Ke Guizhen , Song Dengpeng , Wu Shuangquan , Xu Weilin , Zhu Kunkun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The use of nature polymer to prepare degradable films is a sustainable production concept that can improve resource utilization and reduce the environmental pollution caused by traditional packaging waste or another field. Here, a regenerated cellulose film was prepared through the N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) cellulose system. The most critical peculiarity is that films with air barrier and moisture conduction character, because the surface of film is dense and does not allow small molecules like oxygen to pass through, but water molecules can move freely in the film by means of hydrogen bonds. This shows that the cellulose film has in textiles, food preservation, medicine and other fields. Significantly, the film has good tensile strength (maximum strength reaches 149.5 MPa) and light transmittance (more than 80% at 600 nm). Moreover, the effect of coagulation bath concentration, temperature and the content of glycerin on film strength was discussed.
Gauss-Simpson Quadrature Algorithm for Calcaulting Additional Stress in Foundation Soils
Authors: WANG Shuai , WANG Chao , XING Chenliang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The additional pressure at the bottom of a building’s foundation produces an additional stress in the foundation soils under the building’s foundation. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional elastic theory methods and the finite element method when calculating the additional stress in foundation soils, we use the Gauss-Simpson formula to derive the Gauss-Simpson Quadrature Algorithm based on the elasticity theory. The Gauss-Simpson Quadrature Algorithm is a method designed to calculate the additional stress in foundation soils under an irregularly shaped foundation and an irregular load distribution. This new method is based on the fact that the Gaussian quadrature formula and the Simpson formula are independent of the specific type of integrand. The finite element method with n interpolation points can only achieve an algebraic accuracy of n. The interpolation points of the Gaussian quadrature formula are n zeros of orthogonal polynomials, which can achieve an algebraic accuracy of 2n + 1. Moreover, the weights of the nodes in the quadrature formula are all positive, and thus, it has a high numerical stability. In the proposed method, the Simpson formula is necessary. The Simpson formula is used to transform the implicit additional stress formula with the integral sign into an explicit cumulative integral, which can be considered similar to the rectangular domain case to obtain an explicit analytical algebraic formula for solving the additional stress approximation. In engineering applications, we only need to provide the field engineers with the locations of the interpolation points of the Gauss-Legendre formula, the interpolated weight coefficients, and the specific type of Simpson's formula, and then, the results of the additional stress can be calculated manually, which is nearly impossible using the traditional methods and finite element methods. From the point of view of academic rigor and theoretical completeness, it is possible to use the compound Gauss-Simpson Quadrature Algorithm in conjunction with the looping function in computer programs. Under standard conditions, the proposed Gauss-Simpson Quadrature Algorithm is in good agreement with the results of the traditional elasticity theory.
Investigation of Fluconazole Susceptibility to Candida Albicans by MALDI-TOF MS and Real-Time PCR for CDR1, CDR2, MDR1 and ERG11
Authors: Maenchantrarath Chanika , Khumdee Pradchama , Samosornsuk Seksun , Mungkornkaew Narissara , Samosornsuk Worada 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background C. albicans is the most important yeast that caused the infection in humans; the trend of resistance to fluconazole (FLC) was also increased, while the FLC susceptibility by conventional method takes time causing the treatment failure. To investigate FLC susceptibility to C. albicans using MALDI-TOF MS and Real-time PCR for CDR1, CDR2, MDR1 and ERG11, overall, 32 C. albicans strains included 4 reference strains (3 FLC susceptible (S) and 1 FLC resistant (R), 1 spontaneous mutant strain (FLC susceptible-dose dependent, SDD) and 27 clinical strains obtained from 2 Thai University Hospitals were performed FLC susceptibility testing by Sensititre YeastOne and broth microdilution method, FLC resistant expression mechanism by Real-time PCR and the major peak determination by MALDI-TOF MS.Results The change of CDR1 and CDR2 mRNA expression were only significantly observed in SDD and R strains. Using MALDI-TOF MS, the change of mass spectral intensity at range 3376-3382 m/z (major peak) was significantly related to FLC susceptibility as SDD (decreased at 4 µg/ml and increase at 8 µg/ml), S (all increased), and R (all slightly decreased or no change) after incubation for 6 h. All 27 clinical strains showed FLC MIC susceptible (MIC range 0.25-2 µg/ml), no change in CDR1 and CDR2 expression and S major peak type. The FLC resistance C. albicans with CDR1 and CDR2 expression may possibly effect the change of mass spectral intensity at range 3376-3382 m/z. Conclusions The MALDI-TOF MS may be used to simultaneously classify and predict FLC resistant C. albicans strains associated with CDR1 and CDR2 expression. Further studies are essential to clarify the methodology and improve the reliability of this assay for routine diagnosis.
Enhancing Esophageal Repair With Bioactive Bilayer Mesh Containing FGF
Authors: Cesur Ozkan , Tanir Tugba Endogan , Celepli Pinar , Ozarslan Fatma , Hucumenoglu Sema , Karaibrahimoglu Adnan , Hasirci Nesrin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We aimed to prepare a bioactive and biodegradable bilayer mesh formed by fibroblast growth factor (FGF) loaded gelatin film layer, and poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) film layer, and to investigate its treatment efficacy on esophageal anastomosis. It is envisaged that the bioactive mesh in in vivo model would improve tissue regeneration in rats. The full thickness semicircular defects of 0.5x0.5 cm2 were created in anterior walls of abdominal esophagus. The control group had abdominal esophagus isolated with distal esophageal blunt dissection, and sham group had primer anastomosis. In the test groups, the defects were covered with bilayer polymeric meshes containing FGF (5µg/2 cm²), or not. All rats were sacrificed for histopathology investigation after 7 or 28 days of operation. The groups are coded as FGF(-)-7th d, FGF(+)-7th d, and FGF(+)-28th d, based on their content and operation day. Highest burst pressures were obtained for FGF(+)-7th d, and FGF(+)-28th d groups (p < 0.005) and decreased inflammation grades were observed. Submucosal and muscular collagen deposition scores were markedly increased in these groups compared to sham and FGF(-)-7th d groups having no FGF (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, respectively). It was proved that FGF loaded bioactive bilayer mesh provided effective repair, reinforcement and tissue regeneration of esophageal defects.
The Microbiome of a Shell Mound: Ancient Anthropogenic Waste as a Source of Streptomyces Degrading Recalcitrant Polysaccharides
Authors: Huergo Luciano , Conzentino Marcelo , Gonçalves Maria V. , Gernet Marcos V. , Reis Rodrigo A. , Pedrosa Fábio O. , Baura Valter A. , Pires Araceli , Gerhardt Edileusa C. M , Tuleski Thalita R. , Balsanelli Eduardo , Guizelini Dieval , Souza Emanuel M. , Chandra Govind , Cruz Leonardo M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Metagenome amplicon DNA sequencing and traditional cell culture techniques are helping to uncover the diversity and the biotechnological potential of prokaryotes in different habitats around the world. It has also had a profound impact on microbial taxonomy in the last decades. Here we used metagenome 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing to reveal the microbiome composition of different layers of an anthropogenic soil collected at a shell mound Sambaqui archeological site. The Samabaqui soil microbiome is mainly composed by phyla Acidobacteria, Rokubacteria, Proteobacteria and Thaumarchaeota. Using culture-dependent analysis we isolated few Streptomyces strains from the Sambaqui soil. One of the isolates, named Streptomyces sp. S3, was able to grow in minimal medium containing recalcitrant polysaccharides including chitin, xylan, carboxymethylcellulose or microcrystalline cellulose as sole carbon sources. The activities of enzymes degrading these compounds were confirmed in cell free supernatants. The genome sequence revealed not only an arsenal of genes related to polysaccharides degradation but also biosynthetic gene clusters which may be involved in the production of biotechnologically interesting secondary metabolites.
Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Disruption via the TIMP2/MMP Pathway after Acute Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Xin Wang , Qiang Shi , Jianing Ding , Jiaming Liang , Fangqi Lin , Bin Cai , Yuanyuan Chen , Guowang Zhang , Jianguang Xu , Xiaofeng Lian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), destruction of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) results in infiltration of blood cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, leading to permanent neurological dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomes have a beneficial neuroprotective effect in SCI models. However, whether BMSC-Exos contribute to the integrity of the BSCB has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of BMSC-Exo-induced changes in the permeability of the BSCB after SCI. Here, we showed that BMSC-Exos can inhibit BSCB permeability damage and improve spontaneous repair in a SCI model. Importantly, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2) were shown to play an important role in the functions of BMSCS-Exos by inhibiting the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) pathway, thereby mitigating the reduction in cell junction proteins. Moreover, the ability of BMSC-Exos was significantly attenuated when TIMP2 was inhibited by siRNA. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that BMSC-Exos can preserve the integrity of the BSCB and improve functional recovery after SCI through the TIMP2/MMP signaling pathway.
AC010973.2 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Is One of Six Stemness-Related Genes That Predict Overall Survival of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yingqing , Wei Yuang , Zhang Xu , Ren Xiaohan , Wang Jiawei , Li Lin , Qin Haibo , Ding Wei , Shen Xudong , Li Guangyao , Lu Zhongwen , Zhang Dong , Qin Chao , Tao Lingsong , Chen Xinglin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Extensive research has revealed that tumor stemness plays a central role in promoting tumor progression. However, the underlying involvement of stemness-related genes in renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains controversial.
Methods
The data used for bioinformatics analysis were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The R software, SPSS and GraphPad Prism 8 were used for mapping and statistical analysis.
Results
We first quantified the stemness index of each patient through a machine learning algorithm. Then, we identified the differentially expressed genes between high and low stemness index as stemness-related genes. Based on these genes, we finally established a stable and effective prognosis model to predict patients' overall survival using a random forest algorithm (Training cohort; 1-year AUC: 0.67; 3-year AUC: 0.79; 5-year AUC: 0.73; Validation cohort; 1-year AUC: 0.66; 3-year AUC: 0.71; 5-year AUC: 0.7). The model genes include AC010973.2, RNU6-125P, AP001209.2, Z98885.1, KDM5C-IT1 and AL021368.3. The gene AC010973.2 was selected for further research for its highest importance. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AC010973.2 is highly expressed in ccRCC tissue and cell lines. Meanwhile, knockdown of AC010973.2 could significantly hamper the proliferation of ccRCC cells according to the colony formation and CCK8 assays.
Conclusion
In summary, our finding indicated that the stemness-related gene AC01097.3 is closely associated with patients' survival and could remarkably facilitate cell proliferation in ccRCC, making it potential to be a novel therapeutic target.
Aggregation modeling of the influence of pH on the aggregation of variably charged nanoparticles
Authors: Xiong Yu , Xiong Hailing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aggregation of variably charged nanoparticles is usually induced by the changes in internal and external conditions, such as solution temperature, pH, particle size, van der Waals force, and electrostatic repulsion among particles. In order to explore the effect of pH on the aggregation of variable charge nanoparticles, this paper proposed an extended model based on the 3D on-lattice Cluster-Cluster Aggregation (CCA) model. The extended model successfully established the relationship between pH and sticking probability, and used Smoluchowski theory to calculate the aggregation rate of nanoparticles. The simulation results showed that: (1) the change of the aggregation rate of the variable charge nanoparticles with pH conforms to the Gaussian distribution, (2) the initial particle concentration has a significant effect on the aggregation rate of the nanoparticles, and (3) pH can affect the competition between van der Waals force and electrostatic repulsion between particles, thereby affecting the degree of openness of clusters. The research demonstrated the extended CCA model is valuable in studying the aggregation of the variably charged nanoparticles via transforming the corresponding influence factors into the influence on the sticking probability.