bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Episodic memories of wilderness experiences foster sustainable leadership style transformation
Authors: van Droffelaar Boy 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThis research evaluates (1) work situations prompting participants to recall memories of a wilderness-based leadership training program, (2) the content of such memories, and (3) the leadership attitudes and behaviors inspired by those memories.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative content analysis of semi-structured interviews was performed with 36 leaders who had participated in a wilderness leadership transformation program in the past (on average six years before).FindingsThe findings suggest that, at moments with emotional pressure and psychological stress, episodic memories of wilderness experiences have a positive influence on actual leadership style. Memories involved moments of solitude, a deep connection with nature, and peer-to-peer counseling. The interviewees regularly relived their emotion-laden wilderness experiences, acquiring direction and guidance. Simultaneously, episodic memories of nature immersion promoted an enduring transformation of their leadership styles.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings cannot be blindly generalized as referring to all leaders. The leaders in this study are a subset of leaders who are inclined towards personal growth and leadership development. It is challenging to motivate leaders unkeen on changing to achieve better leadership.Practical implicationsThis study indicates that the inclusion of emotional concepts to address the root causes of learning among leaders might be the most promising way to innovate leadership development.Originality/valueThe present study makes a novel contribution to relevant literature by examining leadership transformation through episodic remembrance of leaders' experiences in nature.
Fooling ourselves and others: confirmation bias and the trustworthiness of qualitative research – Part 2 (cross-examining the dismissals)
Authors: McSweeney Brendan 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe and critique ways in which the threats from confirmation bias have been rejected.Design/methodology/approachDismissals of the existence of, or threats from, confirmation bias are identified from a review of literature across a very wide range of disciplines. The dismissals are robustly examined.FindingsThe dismissals are categorised as: (1) radical scepticism (2) consequentialism: and (3) denial. Each type of dismissal, it is argued, is flawed.Originality/valueThe three-fold structuring of confirmation bias dismissal is novel. In addition to drawing from organisation, management and wider social science literature, the article also uses arguments and examples from the creative arts.
Capital expenditure deviations in a fragmented municipal context – the case of the Swedish municipal water and sewerage sector
Authors: Haraldsson Mattias 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore whether and how external, political, financial and governance factors influence capital expenditure deviations in the Swedish municipal water and sewerage sector and to capture the consequences of municipal organisational fragmentation.Design/methodology/approachPanel data analysis of 238 municipalities and 1,190 observations of capital expenditure deviations over five years (2013–2017).FindingsApart from a low overall on average execution rate of 69%, the Swedish municipal water and sewerage sector seems generally sensitive to external stakeholder pressure for budget compliance, but not to the political power situation. Further, political signalling incentives generally do not influence capital expenditure deviations in the contexts of municipal corporations and cooperations, which supports the idea that these governance forms insulate the organisation from general stakeholder pressure and political control.Practical implicationsThe practical implication is that large and constant capital expenditure deviations call for change in regulation and governance of the municipal sector. However, in countries such as Sweden, where externalising services to municipal corporations and cooperations is significant, this discussion needs to address the consolidated level of the municipality. Otherwise, a large share of the investment budget will be unscrutinised. More closely related to the Swedish water and sewerage sector, the risks associated with a constantly low execution rate should be analysed and addressed.Originality/valueFirst, this paper contributes to the knowledge of aggregated capital expenditure deviations in general and specifically within the municipal water and sewerage sector. Second, analysing the municipal governance landscape adds further insights and suggestions on why budget performance varies. The results especially highlight that the governance forms of corporations and cooperations change the relation to political signalling incentives.
We live in cloud computing world, without using it in our libraries
Authors: Loghmani Khozani Maryam , Behzadi Hassan , Nowkarizi Mohsen , Shafiee Neizar Fatemeh 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the views of librarians in Iran academic libraries about the extent of their familiarity, application and knowledge of the cloud computing in libraries.Design/methodology/approachThis was a survey research. The statistical population of research consisted of librarians working in five universities in northeastern Iran. The sample (83 librarian) selected by using random sampling method.FindingsThe findings showed that in 2019 librarians familiar with cloud computing was low, but their use of cloud computing services was moderate. Also the findings showed that the item of providing enough computers in the library had the lowest effect on promoting the use of cloud computing and the items. Cloud computing training for librarians and users and broadband Internet were best strategies offered by librarians to promote the use of cloud computing.Originality/valueCloud computing has received less attention from librarians and researchers. However, based on the results of the present study, the broader use of cloud computing in libraries requires specialized and trained staff. Librarians need to broaden their knowledge in this technology.
Opportunities and limitations of public blockchain-based supply chain traceability
Authors: Bischoff Oliver , Seuring Stefan 
Published: August 2021

PurposeBlockchain technology is provoking significant disruptions, thereby affecting supply chain management. This study endeavoured to advance research regarding blockchain-based supply chain traceability by identifying the opportunities and limitations that accompany the adoption of public blockchains. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to contribute to contemporary supply chain research by an assessment of blockchain technology and its linkages to traceability.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is conceptual. The authors summarised the relevant literature on the concepts of supply chain traceability, conceptualised key elements exclusive to the public blockchain and highlighted opportunities and limitations in implementing traceability using blockchains.FindingsIncompatibilities were identified between general traceability and the public blockchain. However, when embracing the blockchain's privacy model, the blockchains can support information exchange in supply chains where vulnerability towards third parties, the confidentiality of information, or the privacy of participants are concerns. Furthermore, the public blockchain can support areas of supply chains where institutional interest is lacking.Originality/valueThis is one of the first papers in an international supply chain management journal to critically analyse the intersection of specific blockchain characteristics and supply chain traceability requirements. The authors thereby add to the discussion of designs for a disintermediated, peer-to-peer models and guide researchers and practitioners alike in exploring the application of disruptive change from blockchain technologies. By setting focus on the privacy model, the paper identifies the potential application and future research approaches to exploit the elementary strength of the blockchain.
The liquidity aspects of peer-to-peer lending
Authors: Ölvedi Tímea 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate investor behavior in the market of peer-to-peer lending, which is an alternative form of finance, from the liquidity perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
Liquidity metrics and regressions are used to identify the trend of the market and the variables that significantly impact the successful resale, selling time and discount rate in the secondary market. Structural break analysis is used to examine the impact of COVID on the market.

Findings
There is a high demand for performing loans that are sold quickly; however, the discount rate is also high, which reflects the price of liquidity. Based on the results obtained from regressions, the main factors that impact the investors’ decisions are discount rate, borrower’s country, principal and the month passed after loan origination. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the pandemic has led to a structural break in March 2020, and investors have started to liquidate their claims.

Practical implications
This paper’s purpose is to add to the research that examines the secondary market in social lending. It also contributes to the understanding of an investor’s decision and behavior, which are key parts of the segment’s long-term sustainability from the demand perspective. The comprehensive understanding of a lender’s behavior is also essential for supervisory authorities and other participants of the financial market.

Originality/value
Previous studies mostly focused on credit risk aspects, whereas this paper contributes to the modest research of liquidity features. The added value of this paper is further supported by the use of a large European secondary market data set, including more than 5 million transactions, covering an 18-month horizon. Moreover, the market’s sensitivity is analyzed in the case of an external shock. In the beginning of 2020, the COVID outbreak caused an economic shutdown in many European countries. The paper examines how these uncertain economic conditions impact the secondary market.
Justice-oriented global education within three world history teachers' worldviews and practice
Authors: Shatara Hanadi 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to present the development of justice-oriented worldviews among three New York City public school global history teachers and its manifestations in their curriculum and practice.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study, part of a larger study, relied on interviews centering around participants' backgrounds, international experiences and global perspectives, along with observations of their teaching.FindingsThe findings show that participants' experiences, particularly with global issues such as climate change, capitalism, and global inequality influenced their worldviews to focus on justice. As a result, there were direct connections of their justice-oriented worldviews in their teaching of global history.Originality/valueThis study highlights the ways in which global history teachers' worldviews influence their teaching practice. Presenting justice-oriented teaching allows for veteran and future teachers to consider this type of instruction in their world history and global studies classroom. Additionally, this study provides insight into the intersections of world history and global education taking place within secondary classrooms that focus on justice rather than traditional world history content teaching.
Defoliated trees die below a critical threshold of stored carbon
Authors: Barker Plotkin Audrey , Blumstein Meghan , Laflower Danelle , Pasquarella Valerie J. , Chandler Jennifer L. , Elkinton Joseph S. , Thompson Jonathan R. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Carbon starvation posits that defoliation‐ and drought‐induced mortality results from drawing down stored non‐structural carbohydrates (NSCs), but evidence is mixed, and few studies evaluate mortality directly. We tested the relationships among defoliation severity, NSC drawdown and tree mortality by measuring NSCs in mature oak trees defoliated by an invasive insect, Lymantria dispar, across a natural gradient of defoliation severity.

We collected stem and root samples from mature oaks (Quercus rubra and Q. alba) in interior forests (n = 34) and forest edges (n = 47) in central Massachusetts, USA. Total NSC (TNC; sugar + starch) stores were analysed with respect to tree size, species and defoliation severity, which ranged between 5% and 100%.

TNC stores declined significantly with increasingly severe defoliation. Forest edge trees had higher TNC stores that were less sensitive to defoliation than interior forest trees, although this may be a result of differing defoliation history. Furthermore, we observed a mortality threshold of 1.5% dry weight TNC.

Our study draws a direct link between insect defoliation and TNC reserves and defines a TNC threshold below which mortality is highly likely. These findings advance understanding and improve model parametrization of tree response to insect outbreaks, an increasing threat with globalization and climate change.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Flowers as dirty doorknobs: Deformed wing virus transmitted between Apis mellifera and Bombus impatiens through shared flowers
Authors: Burnham Phillip Alexander , Alger Samantha A. , Case Brendan , Boncristiani Humberto , Hébert‐Dufresne Laurent , Brody Alison K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

In light of bee declines, the importance of pollination services from managed and native bees to our agriculture and economy is of great political, scientific and public interest. Viruses, first observed in honeybees, have been documented in bumblebees and the prevalence and load of some RNA viruses have been associated with managed honeybees. Shared flowers may be the bridge across which viruses pass between bees but no study has yet demonstrated that bumblebees can pick up viruses while foraging on contaminated flowers.

Here, through a series of mechanistic laboratory experiments and mathematical modelling, we ask whether viruses can be transmitted between bee genera on shared flowers and how transmission can be effectively mitigated.

We demonstrated that deformed wing virus (DWV) can be transmitted from infected honeybees to bumblebees through the use of shared red clover. We were also able to show that the route may work in reverse and bumblebees could contribute to the spread as well.

Our model showed that reducing vector‐mediated transmission in honeybee colonies could potentially lead to a far greater reduction in bumblebee infection than simply reducing the number of honeybees. Additionally, we identified a dilution effect, whereby increasing floral abundance reduced transmission.

Synthesis and applications. In this study, we showed that DWV may be spread between bee genera through the shared use of flowers. Through mathematical simulation, we identified two practical management options for reducing spread. The combination of treating honeybees effectively for the Varroa mite, a known vector of DWV, and increasing floral abundance where honeybees and native pollinators share the landscape were shown to reduce the spread of DWV within bee communities in simulations.
Unmet health care needs and inequality: A cross‐country comparison of the situation of people with spinal cord injury
Authors: Pacheco Barzallo Diana , Oña Ana , Gemperli Armin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate and compare unmet health care needs of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) across countries, the causes of these shortfalls, and the role of income.Data SourcesWe analyzed cross‐sectional data of 20 countries from the International Spinal Cord Injury (InSCI) survey, a compendium of comparable data on the living situation of persons with SCI. Data included information on high‐, middle‐, and low‐income countries. The survey comprises information on 12,095 participants.Study DesignWe used logit regressions to estimate the probability of unmet health care needs of persons with SCI and its causes. We adjusted the results by the individuals' characteristics and countries' fixed effects. We disaggregated the results by income decile of individuals in each country.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsThe inclusion criteria for the InSCI survey were adults aged 18 years and older with SCI living in the community, who were able to respond to the survey and who provided informed consent.Principal FindingsUnmet health care needs are significant for people with long‐term conditions like SCI, where people in low‐income groups tend to be more affected. Among the barriers to meeting health care needs, the foremost is health care cost (in 11 of the 20 countries), followed by transportation and service availability. Persons with SCI in Morocco reported the highest probability of unmet health care needs in the sample, 0.54 (CI: 047–0.59), followed well behind by South Africa, 0.27 (CI: 0.20–0.33), and Brazil, 0.26 (CI: 0.20–0.33). In contrast, persons with SCI in Spain, 0.06 (CI: 0.04–0.08), reported the lowest probability of unmet health care needs, closely followed by Norway, 0.07 (CI: 0.05–0.09), Thailand, 0.08 (CI: 0.05–0.11), France, 0.08 (CI: 0.06–0.11), and Switzerland, 0.09 (CI: 0.07–0.10).ConclusionsSCI is a long‐term, irreversible health condition characterized by physical impairment and a series of chronic illness. This makes SCI a high‐need, high‐cost group that faces significant unmet health care needs, which are mainly explained by the costs of health services, transportation, and services availability. This situation is prevalent in low‐, middle‐, and high‐income countries, where persons in lower income groups are disproportionately affected. To improve the situation, a combination of measures from the health and social systems are required.
Two long‐term phase 3 studies of enarodustat (JTZ‐951) in Japanese anemic patients with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis or on maintenance hemodialysis: SYMPHONY ND‐Long and HD‐Long studies
Authors: Akizawa Tadao , Nangaku Masaomi , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Koretomo Ryosuke , Maeda Kazuo , Yamada Osamu , Hirakata Hideki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEnarodustat (JTZ‐951) is an oral hypoxia‐inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor developed for treating anemia in chronic kidney disease. Two open‐label, uncontrolled phase 3 studies evaluated the 52‐week safety and efficacy of enarodustat in Japanese anemic patients with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis (n = 132) [SYMPHONY ND‐Long study] or on maintenance hemodialysis (n = 136) [SYMPHONY HD‐Long study]. The most frequent adverse events were viral upper respiratory tract infection (25.8%) followed by chronic kidney disease (8.3%) in the SYMPHONY ND‐Long study, and viral upper respiratory tract infection (49.3%) followed by contusion (16.9%) and diarrhea (16.9%) in the SYMPHONY HD‐Long study. The incidence of any adverse events did not increase over time. Mean hemoglobin levels and 95% confidence intervals were maintained within the target range (10.0–12.0 g/dl) over 52 weeks in both studies. The long‐term safety and efficacy of enarodustat were confirmed in Japanese anemic patients with chronic kidney disease.
Influence of host plants on the development, survivorship, and fecundity of the summer fruit tortrix moth, Adoxophyes orana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Li Guang‐wei , Wang Hui‐min , Yang Wen‐tao , Chen Xiu‐lin , Li Bo‐liao , Chen Yu‐xin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe summer fruit tortrix moth Adoxophyes orana is a seriously damaged leaf roller pest for fruit trees. In this study, we evaluated the effect of five host plants (apple, Malus domestica B.; peach, Prunus persica var. nectarina; apricot, Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.; mulberry, Morus alba L.; and jujube, Ziziphus jujuba M.) on the development, survival, and fecundity of A. orana under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the development times of A. orana on jujube were significantly longer than those on the other four plants. The preimaginal survival rate was influenced by the host plants, which were fed during the larval stage, and with the highest on peach, followed by apple, apricot, and mulberry, and with the lowest on jujube. Adult females from larvae reared on apricot laid the greatest numbers of eggs (318.11 eggs per female), while that on apple, jujube, and mulberry was smaller, and no significant difference was observed among them. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed on peach and apricot; these two fruit trees were considered to be the most suitable host plant for A. orana because of the shorter developmental duration, higher survival rate, and the highest fecundity.
Esophagogastric junction contractile integral abnormalities in patients with proton pump inhibitor‐refractory symptoms
Authors: Wang Yan , Ding Yu , Lin Lin , Jiang Liu Qin 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesEsophagogastric junction contractile integral (EGJ‐CI) is a novel indicator to evaluate quantitatively the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) barrier function. We aimed to assess the role of EGJ‐CI in patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and the correlation between EGJ‐CI and impedance‐pH monitoring characteristics.MethodsIn total 82 patients with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)‐refractory gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (heartburn or regurgitation) were enrolled. These patients were further divided into two groups based on their EGJ‐CI value (39 mmHg·cm). The mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) was measured to explore its association with EGJ‐CI.ResultsThe median EGJ‐CI in patients with PPI‐refractory symptoms was 30.8 mmHg·cm. EGJ‐CI was inversely correlated with acid exposure time and reflux episodes; while it was positively correlated with MNBI, distal contractile integral, lower esophageal sphincter basal pressure and integrated relaxation pressure. Patients were further divided into the high (n = 27) and low (n = 55) EGJ‐CI groups using a cut‐off value of 39.0 mmHg·cm. Patients with a low EGJ‐CI had a lower MNBI level than those with a high EGJ‐CI (2703 Ω vs 3545 Ω, P = 0.034).ConclusionsIn patients with PPIs‐refractory symptoms, EGJ‐CI is associated with acid exposure and conventional high‐resolution manometry parameters. EGJ‐CI may play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with refractory GERD.