bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ФОРМУВАННЯ МОТИВАЦІЇ У ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ, ЯКІ НАВЧАЮТЬСЯ ЗА СПЕЦІАЛЬНІСТЮ «ФІЗИЧНА ТЕРАПІЯ»
Authors: Попович Д. В. , Миндзів К. В. , Вайда О. В. , Бай А. В. , Гевко У. П. , Бойко В. І. 
Published: December 2024

Вступ. Прогрес і розвиток людини значною мірою визначаються її мотиваційними факторами. Особливе значення має рівень як зовнішньої мотивації, так і внутрішньої самомотивації, особливо в контексті освітнього процесу. В цій статті розглянуто шляхи та методи ефективного формування і підтримки мотивації у здобувачів вищої освіти, які навчаються за спеціальністю «Фізична терапія». Представлені підходи спрямовані на підвищення їх залучення у навчальний процес, розвиток професійних навичок і підготовку до майбутньої професійної діяльності.
Мета роботи – проаналізувати основні фактори мотивації та визначити ефективні шляхи її підвищення у здобувачів вищої освіти, які навчаються за спеціальністю 227 «Фізична терапія».
Основна частина. Мотивація – це процес, який активує і підтримує цілеспрямовану діяльність, спонукаючи людину добровільно брати участь у діяльності організації та прагнути залишатися її членом у довгостроковій перспективі. Існують різні види мотивації, серед яких виділяють дві основні: зовнішню та внутрішню. Зовнішня мотивація пов’язана з умовами праці, атмосферою на робочому місці, характером завдань, які виконують. Внутрішня мотивація, навпаки, залежить від індивідуальних особливостей працівника та є тим рушієм, який сприяє підвищенню продуктивності. Ці принципи можна застосувати і до навчальної діяльності, яка стає значно ефективнішою за наявності позитивного ставлення до навчання, пізнавального інтересу, а також потреби у здобутті знань, навичок та компетентностей. Педагогічні зусилля мають бути спрямовані на покращення академічної успішності здобувачів вищої освіти шляхом стимулювання їх позитивної мотивації до навчання. У цьому контексті з’являється певна суперечність. З одного боку, існує об’єктивна необхідність формування мотивації до пізнавальної діяльності у студентів медичних закладів вищої освіти шляхом упровадження інтерактивних технологій. Даний підхід враховує як внутрішні особливості навчального процесу, так і зовнішні вимоги до майбутніх медичних фахівців з вищою освітою. З іншого боку, науково обґрунтована технологія формування такої мотивації за допомогою новітніх систем усе ще відсутня.
Висновки. Проаналізовано наукові джерела для пошуку шляхів та методів формування мотивації у здобувачів вищої освіти, які навчаються за спеціальністю «Фізична терапія». Удосконалення методів формування мотивації до навчання сприятиме зростанню рівня засвоєння навчального матеріалу.
X-Chromosome–Linked miRNAs Regulate Sex Differences in Cardiac Physiology
Authors: Emerson James I. , Shi Wei , Paredes-Larios Jose , Walker William G. , Hutton Josiah E. , Cristea Ileana M. , Marzluff William F. , Conlon Frank L. 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
Males and females exhibit distinct anatomic and functional characteristics of the heart, predisposing them to specific disease states.

METHODS:
We identified microRNAs (miRNAs/miR) with sex-differential expression in mouse hearts.

RESULTS:
Four conserved miRNAs are present in a single locus on the X-chromosome and are expressed at higher levels in females than males. We show miRNA, miR-871, is responsible for decreased expression of the protein SRL (sarcalumenin) in females. SRL is involved in calcium signaling, and we show it contributes to differences in electrophysiology between males and females. miR-871 overexpression mimics the effects of the cardiac physiology of conditional cardiomyocyte-specific Srl-null mice. Inhibiting miR-871 with an antagomir in females shortened ventricular repolarization. The human orthologue of miR-871, miR-888, coevolved with the SRL 3′ untranslated region and regulates human SRL.

CONCLUSIONS:
These data highlight the importance of sex-differential miRNA mechanisms in mediating sex-specific functions and their potential relevance to human cardiac diseases.
Effect of androgen deprivation therapy after radical prostatectomy on urinary symptoms
Authors: Kawaguchi Shohei , Shigehara Kazuyoshi , Kadono Yoshifumi , Kato Yuki , Kano Hiroshi , Makino Tomoyuki , Naito Renato , Iwamoto Hiroaki , Yaegashi Hiroshi , Nohara Takahiro , Izumi Kouji , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Salvage intermittent ADT has been demonstrated to be a potentially effective treatment option for BCR following RP. Although ADT improves urinary symptoms by reducing prostate volume, no studies have been conducted to investigate its effect on urinary symptoms after RP. We retrospectively examined changes in urinary symptoms in patients who developed BCR after RP and underwent salvage intermittent ADT. Methods: OABSS, IPSS, and ICIQ-SF scores were compared before ADT, 3 months after the start of ADT, 12 months after the start of ADT, at the end of ADT, and 1 year after the end of ADT in patients who received intermittent ADT following RARP. In addition, changes in urinary symptoms were compared between the group with pre-ADT testosterone levels <400 ng/dL (low testosterone group) and the group with levels ⩾400 ng/dL (high testosterone group). Results: Three months after the initiation of ADT, the IPSS total score, IPSS urine storage score, and ICIQ-SF score were significantly higher compared to their pre-treatment levels. In the low testosterone group, the ICIQ-SF score was significantly worse only at 12 months after the start of ADT compared to before the start of ADT. In the high testosterone group, the IPSS total score, storage IPSS score, and ICIQ-SF score were significantly higher at both 3 and 12 months after initiating ADT compared to their pre-treatment levels. Conclusions: ADT for BCR after RARP has been shown to significantly worsen urinary storage symptoms while not improving voiding symptoms, particularly in patients with high testosterone levels pre-ADT.
Respiratory Severity Score (RSS): A Predictive Tool for Successful Extubation in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Shajan Nidhie , PV Varughese , Sharma Monika , Kaur Khushwant 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The coexistence of immature lungs, poor respiratory drive, overly compliant chest wall, and surfactant deficiency in preterm neonates, leads to dependency on mechanical ventilation during the first days of life. Respiratory Severity Score (RSS) is a readily available, simple and non-invasive extubation failure prediction tool. Objective This study aims to evaluate the utility of pre-extubation RSS as a tool for predicting successful extubation among preterms. Methods and Analysis: This was a retrospective study with a duration of two years started after obtaining clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee. All preterm neonates ventilated in NICU were included in the study. The hospital unit number was noted and the respective patient records were procured from the hospital records department. Demographic data were recorded from the files. Pre-extubation RSS was calculated. Other findings related to clinical review such as duration of invasive and non-invasive ventilation, surfactant requirement, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), early and late-onset sepsis, length of hospital stay (LOS), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) mortality data etc. were also recorded. The age, time of extubation and weight of those babies who underwent planned extubation were also recorded. Results: The RSS and RSS/kg were significantly higher among the neonates who failed extubation ( P < .001). The Area under curve (AUC) for RSS and RSS/kg was 0.921 and 0.85, respectively. There was a significantly higher proportion of morbidities such as late-onset sepsis ( P = .046), grade ≥3 IVH ( P = .004) and ROP ( P = .043) observed among the neonates with extubation failure. The prevalence of in-hospital mortality was observed only among neonates with extubation failure which was statistically significant ( P < .001). Conclusion: This study shows that pre-extubation RSS is an excellent tool for predicting successful extubation and is more accurate than RSS/kg. RSS could be a useful tool for clinicians to assess readiness of extubation. However, more prospective, multicentric studies are necessary to validate the generalizability of RSS.
Risk Factors for Major Lower Limb Amputation in Patients with Diabetic Foot Wound
Authors: Kang Hyunseong , Choi Sungwook , Lee Jaeryun 
Published: December 2024

Category: Diabetes; Other Introduction/Purpose: Diabetic foot wound (DFW) is a relatively common diabetic complication and the leading cause of lower extremity amputation (LEA). Major LEA, such as below-knee or above knee amputations result in more physical disabilities and poorer socioeconomic functions than minor LEA, such as foot and phalangeal amputations. Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) considered an important predictor of overall outcomes of DFW. The identification of risk factors for major LEA and investigation of effectiveness of revascularization treatment are critical for prevention and better prognosis of DFW patients. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2019, the study includes a total of 125 patients with DFW treated with any level of amputation. Demographic, diabetes-related, DFW related and relevant laboratory information were investigated to predict major amputation. To identify the risk factor for major amputation, logistic regression analysis was performed for each variable. The effectiveness of revascularization treatment was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that DM duration (OR, 1.173; 95% CI, 1.073~1.282; p=0.001), PAOD (OR, 22,563; 95% CI, 2.270~93.282; p=0.008), previous amputation (OR, 8.460; 95% CI, 2.369~30.203; p=0.001), abscess (OR, 4.703; 95% CI, 1.275~17.341; p=0.020), Wagner classification grade (OR, 9.349; 95% CI, 2.512~34.794; p=0.001), CRP (OR, 1.143; 95% CI, 1.058~1.235; p=0.001) and albumin (OR, 0.344; 95% CI, 0.129~0.917; p=0.033) were significant risk factors in DFW patients. The major amputation free survival rate at 5 years was 97.4% in non-PAOD group, 49.0% in PAOD with non-revascularization group and 79.0% in PAOD with revascularization group. Moreover, there was statistically significant difference (p=0.001) Conclusion: Among various potential risk factors, the study results concluded that duration of DM, PAOD, previous history of amputation, presence of Abscess, Wagner grade (greater than 3), and such laboratory markers as CRP and albumin, are major risk factors predictive of major LEA in DFW patients. The most valuable and critical finding from the current study is that revascularization in diabetic foot patients with PAOD significantly improved major amputation-free survival rates.
Short-Term Complications of Total Ankle Arthroplasty with and without Concomitant Bony and Soft Tissue Procedures: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Peri Mia , Whitaker Sarah , Cole Sarah , Anastasio Albert T. , Satalich James , O'Neill Conor N. , Patel Tejas , Easley Mark E. , Nunley James A. , Schweitzer Karl M. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: This retrospective cohort study compared short-term complication rates following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), either alone or with concomitant soft tissue or bony procedures. Secondary independent risk factors were also examined as they related to postoperative outcomes in these groups. Methods: The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes to identify patients that underwent TAA (27702) between 2010 to 2021. Patients were then divided into cohorts consisting of patients who underwent TAA without concomitant procedures and patients who underwent TAA with one or more concomitant bony or soft tissue procedures. Procedures included in the development of cohorts are outlined in Table 1. Propensity score matching was then employed to account for any baseline demographic differences, and statistical analyses were performed to compare short-term complication rates between the matched cohorts. Results: A total of 2,225 patients undergoing TAA were identified, with 1,432 (64.4%) receiving TAA alone and 793 (35.6%) receiving TAA with ancillary procedure(s). After matching, 793 patients were included in each cohort. The ancillary cohort had longer operative times (172.8 vs. 144.1mins) and total length of hospital stay (LOS) (1.76 vs. 1.52 days). Rates for extended length of stay were significantly higher in the ancillary cohort compared to the simple cohort (21.2% vs 16.3%). No other complications varied significantly between cohorts, including the incidence of any adverse event (AAE). When controlling for all other variables, ASA classification of 4 was found to be an independent risk factor for development of AAE (odds ratio [OR] = 1.091, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Extended length of stay was the only variable found to be significantly different between simple and concomitant TAA cohorts. Additionally, in a subgroup analysis excluding tendon lengthening procedures, we observed greater morbidity probability in the additional procedures group. The only independent risk factor for postoperative complications was ASA class 4 status. Without significant difference in rates of any AAE other than extended LOS, the relative safety of ancillary TAA appears similar to that of simple TAA alone. Such knowledge can help inform surgical decision-making and assuage safety concerns for patients requiring TAA while having multiple foot and ankle pathologies.
Short-Term Efficacy Analysis of Spinal Cord Stimulation in the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Retrospective Study of 57 Cases
Authors: Yao Xingchen , Zhao Hui , Liu Junpeng 
Published: December 2024

Category: Diabetes; Other Introduction/Purpose: This is the first study on the application of short-term spinal cord electrical stimulation for refactory diabetic foot ulcers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate its therapeutic effectiveness and update the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment process for diabetic foot ulcers based on existing therapeutic methods. Methods: Clinical data from 57 patients who underwent spinal cord electrical stimulation at our institution between May 2022 and November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The procedure involved the placement of temporary needle-like electrodes in the epidural space at the T10-T12 level using a puncture sheath. The electrical current is administered with a magnitude of 2.5-4.5 mA, a frequency of 50 Hz, and a pulse width of 240-300 μs, with a placement duration of 2 weeks. Patient demographics were recorded, with assessments of pain visual analog scale scores and foot temperatures conducted at pre-operation, postoperative day 3, postoperative 2 weeks, and postoperative 3 months. EuroQol- visual analog scale scores, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Ankle-Brachial Index, Semmes-Seinstein monofilament test, and ulcer area were recorded at pre-operation and postoperative 2 weeks. Repeated measures analysis of variance was employed to compare data differences at different time points, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The patients' pain visual analog scale scores decreased from 7.23 preoperatively to 3.64 at postoperative day 3, 2.89 at 2 weeks, with a slight increase to 5.84 at 3 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). Foot temperature increased from 30.19°C to 30.86°C at postoperative day 3, reaching 31.40°C at 2 weeks, and then decreased to preoperative levels at 3 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). At the 2-week postoperative assessment, there was a statistically significant improvement in EuroQol-Visual Analog Scale scores (77.91 from 66.70), PSQI (8.30 from 14.71), ABI (0.71 from 0.57), Semmes-Seinstein monofilament test (6.38 from 5.32), and ulcer area (11.36 cm² from 13.95 cm²). At 3 months postoperatively, there was no recurrence trend in ulcer area, and no patients required amputation due to disease progression. Conclusion: Short-term spinal cord electrical stimulation modulates vascular smooth muscle in the lower limbs, triggering vasodilation and thereby improving blood circulation to the lower extremities. Simultaneously, it mitigates clinical symptoms associated with diabetic foot ulcers by reducing peripheral nerve degeneration and blocking pain conduction. This dual effect significantly promotes the healing of ulcers in patients, greatly improving their quality of life. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of long-term electrodes.
Short-term Outcomes of Arthroscopic Treatment of Freiberg’s Disease
Authors: Lee Kwang-Bok , Kim Do-Yeon , Kim Jong-Kil 
Published: December 2024

Category: Arthroscopy; Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Freiberg’s disease is also known as avascular necrosis (AVN) of the metatarsal head. Surgical treatment for Freiberg’s disease has not been completely defined yet. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate short-term outcomes following arthroscopic procedures for treating Freiberg’s disease. Methods: From 2015 to 2019, 13 patients (15 feet) diagnosed with Freiberg’s disease were enrolled for arthroscopic surgery. Patients were divided based on the Smillie’s classification system (2 with stage I, 8 with stage II, 3 with stage III, 1 with stage IV, and 1 with stage V). Arthroscopic interventions, including synovectomy, debridement, chondroplasty, microfracture, and loose body removal, were performed for all patients without considering their Smillie's classification stages. Radiological outcomes were evaluated by X-rays (preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively) and MRIs (preoperatively and postoperative 12 months). Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society (AOFAS) lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP)-interphalangeal score and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score. The range of motion (ROM) of the MTP joint was measured using a goniometer both preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: Radiological study showed no evidence of osteonecrosis progression in post-operative 12 months X-ray images of any cases. Postoperative 12-month MRIs showed reduction of bone-marrow edema, irregularity of subchondral bone, and cartilage defects in all cases. Significant improvements of AOFAS scores and VAS scores occurred at all postoperative time points compared to preoperative scores (P = 0.001). MTP joint ROM also showed improvement at the last follow-up (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Arthroscopic surgery for Freiberg’s disease showed excellent clinical outcomes, MTP joint ROM, and short-term outcomes regardless of grades (Smillie’s classification system) in radiological evaluation.
Stepping Up: A Functional Ambulation Study Across Multiple Levels of Non-Traumatic Amputation
Authors: Liu Hudson , Shan Holly , Luo Warren , Llaurado Luke , Young Ademide , Shah Kishan , Day John , Atves Jayson , Cooper Paul S. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: The level of amputation for patients with non-traumatic foot pathologies is a complex decision that limb salvage surgeons face, with ambulation playing a crucial role in the quality of life and long-term survival of amputees. In recent years, gait sensors have been used to access ambulation. This study investigates functional outcomes of digit, ray, transmetarsal (TMA), and below-knee amputations (BKA) using wearable gait sensors. Methods: Between December 2021 and January 2024, adult patients who were able to ambulate unassisted, without experiencing pain, and without an open wound or lower extremity surgery in the preceding three months, were selected for participation. Inclusion was voluntary and offered to all patients who presented to the wound care center for a period of 3 years. Out of 451 patients, 77 patients who had undergone amputations at levels including digit amputation, ray resection, TMA, or BKA, were included in this analysis. Patient characteristics, preoperative factors, and surgical history were collected. Participants completed a standardized assessment protocol using wearable gait sensors. This involved completing a 120-second walk test at a self-selected pace. The data collected from the sensors were analyzed using the Motility Lab software, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 77 patients were included for analysis, comprising 30 (38.9%) digit, 12 ray (15.6%), 12 TMA (15.6%), and 23 BKA (29.9%). The average age (61.3 1.19 years), body mass index (30.8 0.71 kg/m2), and Charlson Comorbidity Index (4.9 0.2) did not differ between groups. Proportion of smokers (n=30, 34.8%), diabetes mellitus type II (n=54, 62.8%), chronic kidney disease (n=24, 29.1%), end stage renal disease (n=7, 8.1%) was similar across all four groups. There were no differences in gait speed (0.80 0.02 m/s, p=0.414), elevation mid-swing (1.62 0.14 cm, p=0.063), step duration (0.63 0.01s, p=0.066), cadence (96.2 1.2 steps/min, p=0.434), single limb support (34.4 0.3%, p=0.185), double limb support (29.2 0.6%, p=0.089), and stride length (0.97 0.02 m, p=0.225) across level of amputations. Conclusion: Our study shows comparable ambulatory function across all levels of amputation. This may highlight the importance of selecting the right amputation per patient, multidisciplinary limb salvage, and improvements in wearable aids. We encourage other large limb salvage centers to utilize wearable sensors to assess functionality of non-traumatic amputations.
Subchondral Bone Cysts Remodel after Correction of Varus Deformity in Ankle Arthritis
Authors: Zhang Ming-Zhu 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) of the talus are frequently observed in ankle osteoarthritis (OA). It is unclear whether the cysts need an additional operation after correction of the varus deformity in ankle OA. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of SBCs and the change after supramalleolar osteotomy (SMOT). Methods: Thirty-one patients treated by SMOT were retrospectively reviewed, 11 ankles with pre-operative cysts. After SMOT, the evolution of cysts was evaluated on weightbearing computerized tomography (WBCT) without management of cysts. The preoperative and postoperative tibial articular surface angle (TAS), tibio-talar surface angle (TTS), Foot and Ankle Offset (FAO), and hindfoot alignment calcaneal moment arm (HA) were compared. Results: At baseline, 11 (35.5%) of these 31 ankles had the SBCs, and the average maximum cyst volume was 65.86±60.53 mm3. By comparison with the pre and postoperative parameters, the TAS, TTS, FAO and HA were significantly corrected (P＜0.001). The number and volume of cysts were reduced dramatically (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Supramalleolar osteotomy can effectively correct the varus alignment and remodel the SBCs of talus in varus ankle arthritis. The regression of SBCs was observed after SMOT, additional intervention for the SBCs of the talus may not be necessary.