bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological distress among health service providers during COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal
Authors: Kafle Khagendra , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Baniya Abinash , Lamichhane Sandesh , Shahi Manoj , Gurung Bipana , Tandan Partiksha , Ghimire Amrita , Budhathoki Pravash 
Published: February 2021

Background
COVID-19 pandemic has provoked a wide variety of psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and panic disorders, especially among health service providers. Due to a greater risk of exposure to the virus, increased working hours, and fear of infecting their families, health service providers are more vulnerable to emotional distress than the general population during this pandemic. This online survey attempts to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 and its associated variables among healthcare workers in Nepal.

Materials and methods
For data collection purposes, Covid-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) Questionnaire, was used whose content validity was verified by Shanghai mental health center. Data for the survey were collected from 11 to 24 October 2020 which was extracted to Microsoft Excel-13 and analyzed.

Results
A total of 254 health care workers from different provinces of the country participated in this study with a mean age of 26.01(± 4.46) years. A majority 46.9% (n = 119) of the participants were not distressed (score ≤28) while 46.5% (n = 118) were mild to moderately distressed (score >28 to ≤51) and 6.7% (n = 17) were severely distressed (score ≥52) due to the current COVID-19 pandemic. Female participants (p = 0.004) and participants who were doctors by profession (p = 0.001) experienced significantly more distress.

Conclusions
COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the psychological distress amongst health care service providers. The findings from the present study may highlight the need for constructing and implementing appropriate plans and policies by relevant stakeholders that will help to mitigate the distress among health service providers in the current pandemic so that we can have an efficient frontline health workforce to tackle this worse situation.
Neuron-specific enolase level as a predictor of neurological outcome in near-hanging patients: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Lee Dongwook , Cho Yongil , Ko Yujin , Heo Nam Hun , Kang Hyung Goo , Han Sangsoo 
Published: February 2021

Objectives
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is frequently used to predict neurological outcomes in patients with hypoxic brain injury. Hanging can cause hypoxic brain damage, and survivors can suffer from neurological deficits that may impair daily activities. Here, we investigated the utility of the initial serum NSE level as a predictor of neurological outcomes in near-hanging patients with decreased consciousness.

Methods
This retrospective multicenter study was conducted in patients who visited the emergency department due to near-hanging injury from October 2013 to February 2019 at three university hospitals in Korea. They were divided into two groups according to the presence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The neurological outcome was determined using the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) measured at the time of discharge. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine whether initial serum NSE is an independent predictor of neurological outcome.

Results
Of the 70 patients included in the study, 44 showed a poor neurological outcome (CPC score = 3–5). Among the 52 patients with cardiac arrest, only 10 (19.2%) were discharged with good neurological outcome (CPC score = 1–2). In the whole cohort, a high serum NSE level was a significant predictor of poor neurological outcome (odds ratio [OR], 1.343; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.003–1.800, p = 0.048). Among the patients with cardiac arrest, a high serum NSE level was a significant predictor of poor neurological outcome (OR, 1.138; 95% CI, 1.009–1.284, p = 0.036).

Conclusions
In near-hanging patients, a high initial serum NSE level is an independent predictor of poor neurological outcome.
Implementasi Sistem Full Day School dalam Mengembangkan Empati Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Asiah Asiah , Nadlifah Nadlifah 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi sistem full day school dalam mengembangkan empati anak kelompok A1 di RA Mu’adz Bin Jabbal 2 serta faktor pendukung dan penghambat sistem full day school dalam mengembangkan empati anak. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian yaitu kepala sekolah, wali kelas A1, guru pendamping dan siswa kelompok A1 RA Mu’adz Bin Jabbal 2 Ketandan Banguntapan Bantul. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan instrumen yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan pedomen observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik menguji keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi yaitu sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti di RA Mu’adz Bin Jabbal 2 Ketandan Banguntapan Bantul yang berkaitan dengan Implementasi Sistem Full day School dalam Mengembangkan Empati Anak Kelompok A1 di RA Mu’adz Bin Jabbal 2 Ketandan Banguntapan Bantul yaitu Implementasi sistem full day school dalam mengembangkan empati anak berkembang sesuai dengan harapan, hal ini terlihat anak-anak sudah mampu untuk peduli dengan teman yang mengalami kesulitan, saling tolong menolong, berbagi, peka terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Faktor pendukung dan penghambat sistem full day school dalam mengembangkan empati anak kelompok A RA Mu’adz Bin Jabbal 2 Ketandan Banguntapan Bantul yaitu faktor pendukung diantaranya, faktor internal (guru dan komponen yang ada di sekolah) dan eksternal (orang tua, masyarakat sekitar sekolah dan media). Faktor penghambat diantaranya tingkat perkembangan anak yang berbeda-beda, teman di sekolah dan pendidikan rumah yang tidak mendukung dengan pendidikan di sekolah.
Effect of roxithromycin on contractile activity of gastrointestinal smooth muscles in colitic rats
Authors: Kumar Vijay L. , Pandey Abhimanu , Ahmad Hilal 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Roxithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has been shown to ameliorate acetic acid induced colitis in rats by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of roxithromycin on small intestinal transit and cholinergic responsiveness of the colonic smooth muscles of colitic rats.

Methods
Colitis was induced in rats by acetic acid and the small intestinal transit was determined by measuring the distance traversed by charcoal meal from the gastro-duodenal junction in 1 h. The test drug roxithromycin, reference drug mesalazine and anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac were administered orally before inducing colitis and their effect on intestinal transit was compared with colitic control group. The effect on cholinergic responsiveness of colonic smooth muscles was evaluated in vitro by plotting a dose-response curve using different concentrations of acetylcholine. The concentration producing 50% of maximal response (EC50) was calculated for all the treatment groups.

Results
The small intestinal transit was enhanced in colitic rats as compared to normal rats (86.00 ± 1.36 vs. 57.00 ± 1.34 cm; p<0.001). Like mesalazine, roxithromycin normalized intestinal transit while diclofenac was ineffective. The results of in vitro experiment show that colitis increased cholinergic responsiveness of the colonic smooth muscles that was not affected by roxithromycin and mesalazine while diclofenac significantly decreased it.

Conclusions
This study shows that like mesalazine, roxithromycin affords protection in colitis mainly by normalizing propulsive movement of the small intestine than by affecting cholinergic responsiveness of the colonic smooth muscles.
Removal of 17β-estradiol from aqueous systems with hydrophobic microspheres
Authors: Kireç Osman , Alacabey İhsan , Erol Kadir , Alkan Hüseyin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sub-microparticles have many applications in different fields today. In this study, it is aimed to develop hydrophobic microparticles as an alternative to existing methods and to determine the 17β-estradiol adsorption performance of this adsorbent to purify the 17β-estradiol hormone which is found as an endocrine disruptor in environmental waters with high capacity and low cost. In this study, l-phenylalanine containing Poly(HEMA-MAPA) microparticles were synthesized by microemulsion polymerization and used as adsorbent. Microparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The size of the Poly(HEMA-MAPA) microparticles used was measured as 120–200 nm. Specific surface area and elemental analysis studies were also conducted. While the surface area of the particles was found to be a very high value of 1890 m2/g, the amount of incorporation of MAPA into the polymeric structure was calculated as 0.43 mmol/g. Adsorption studies were carried out in the batch system under different ambient conditions (17β-estradiol concentration, temperature, ionic intensity). The adsorption capacity of Poly(HEMA-MAPA) microparticles was calculated to be 98.4 mg/g. Isotherm models for adsorption interaction were investigated deeply, and it was determined that the adsorption mechanism is suitable for Langmuir isotherm.
Laboratory diagnostic value of neopterin measurements in patients with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Fuchs Dietmar , Gisslen Magnus 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was identified to be responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. There are striking differences in the response to infection, some people develop no or mild symptoms, while other outcomes are severe of even fatal. For those COVID-19 patients who require hospitalization, prognostic markers could help clinicians to identify patients with a poor outcome early. The serum levels of the immune activation marker neopterin have already been shown to be of prognostic value in patients with SARS-CoV-1 and a similar pattern can be observed for SARS-CoV-2. This comment discusses the biochemical circuits that support the clinical value of neopterin measurements in COVID-19 patients.
Assessment of Cota altissima (L.) J. Gay for phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Göger Gamze , Allak Muhammed , Şen Ali , Göger Fatih , Tekin Mehmet , Özek Gülmira 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Phytochemical profiles of essential oil (EO), fatty acids, and n-hexane (CAH), diethyl ether (CAD), ethyl acetate (CAE) and methanol extracts (CAM) of Cota altissima L. J. Gay (syn. Anthemis altissima L.) were investigated as well as their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activites. The essential oil was characterized by the content of acetophenone (35.8%) and β-caryophyllene (10.3%) by GC-MS/FID. Linoleic and oleic acid were found as main fatty acids. The major constituents of the extracts were found to be 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isorhamnetin glucoside, quercetin and quercetin glucoside by LC-MS/MS. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by scavenging of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Also, the inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase enzymes were determined. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast pathogens. CAM showed the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals with IC50 values of 126.60 and 144.40 μg/mL, respectively. In the anti-inflammatory activity, CAE demonstrated the highest antilipoxygenase activity with an IC50 value of 105.40 μg/mL, whereas, CAD showed the best inhibition of α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 396.40 μg/mL in the antidiabetic activity. CAH was effective against Staphylococcus aureus at MIC = 312.5 µg/mL. This is the first report on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of different extracts of C. altissima.
Improved Mechanical Properties of Jute-Banana Fiber Phenol Formaldehyde Composites through Low-Cost Portable Hot Pressing Machine
Authors: Maruthi Prashantha B. H. , Manjunatha T. S. , Shiva Kumar Gouda P. S. , Edacherian Abhilash 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Eco-friendliness and biodegradability are the primary requirements of many of the composite products used in view of the growing concern to save our earth. There is a need to explore the means and protocols for developing eco-friendly and biodegradable products with quality parameters to perform for the specified end use. Products for Auto-Tech and Aero-Tech need to be designed based on the characteristic properties of the specific plant fibers. The optimum quantity and type of fiber play a crucial role in assessment of the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the composites. In this work, an attempt has been made to design and develop a low-cost portable hot pressing machine for manufacturing polymer composites to improve the mechanical properties. Jute and banana fiber hybrid composites were produced with varying weight percentages of phenol formaldehyde (PF) in the range of 40–70 wt.%. The tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, and water absorption tests were carried out on jute-banana fiber hybrid PF composite. The study shows that hybrid composites with 50 % fibers by weight yield a significant increase in tensile and flexural strength with respect to other weight percentages of fibers, but the impact strength was lower in the case of 50 % fibers by weight. The microphotographs from a scanning electron microscope revealed a reasonably good fracture failure mechanisms, indicating enhanced mechanical properties. Further, to know the viscoelastic properties, a dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out to assess the properties of temperature dependency such as storage modulus, loss modulus, and damping factor. The results indicate that the composite with 50 wt.% fiber content has great storage modulus values and reduced damping behavior.
Implikasi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Terhadap Penggantian Antar Waktu Calon Anggota Legislatif Terpilih Meninggal Dunia
Authors: Zain Ahmad , Hasani Ismail , Helmi Muhammad Ishar 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Putusan dan mengenai pelaksanaan serta akibat dari Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 57/P/HUM/2019 terhadap penggantian Antar Waktu Calon Terpilih meninggal dunia dilihat berdasarkan antara Komisi Pemilihan Umum dan Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan. Serta menganalisa isi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Terkait Polemik Penggantian Antar WaktuPenelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dan kepustakaan (library research) melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Pendekatan perundang-undangan mengacu kepada Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan umum, Undang-undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2014 tentang MPR, DPR, DPD, dan DPRD, Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2008 tentang Partai Politik.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, terdapat kerancuan makna didalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung sehingga terjadi multi tafsir bagi pemohon dan termohon. Kemudian mengenai mekanisme penggantian antar waktu yang pada dasarnya hak mengusung calon pengganti antar waktu adalah partai politik disini dikesampingkan oleh komisi pemilihan umum karena usulan tersebut bertentangan dengan Undang-undang. Maka calon pengganti antar waktu tersebut berdasarkan ketetapan komisi pemilihan umum yang berdasarkan ketentuan didalam UUMD3. Kata Kunci : Implikasi Putusan, Penggatian Antar Waktu
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pemegang Hak Atas Merek Skin Care Skin1004 atas Penjualan Produk Kemasan (Share In Jar)
Authors: Theda Almira Mey , Sopyan Yayan , Dewi Nisrina Mutiara 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan, dan memberi pengetahuan bagaimana bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi PT. Skin 1004 Indonesia sebagai pemegang hak atas merek skin care Skin1004 asal negara Korea terhadap penjualan produk kemasan (share in jar) merek Skin1004 serta akibat hukum yang diterima penjual dari hasil penjualan produk kemasan (share in jar) terhadap merek Skin1004.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggabungkan pendekatan normatif dengan perundang-undangan (statute approach). Pendekatan perundang-undangan pada Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis, Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 27 Tahun 1998 tentang Pengamanan Sediaan Farmasi dan Alat Kesehatan dan Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 80 Tahun 2017 tentang Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan dan peraturan-peraturan tersebut dikaitkan atas permasalahan hukum yang timbul di masyarakat, yaitu perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak atas merek Skin1004.Hasil penelitian ini menujukan bahwa penanganan kasus penjualan produk kemasan (share in jar) menggunakan merek Skin1004 terjadi kekosongan perangkat hukum. Hal tersebut menyebabkan tidak ada aturan hukum yang secara spesifik melanggar peredaran produk kemasan (share in jar) menggunakan merek Skin1004 di kalangan masyarakat. Sehingga hal tersebut menyebabkan kebingungan masyarakat terkait kualitas produk skin care merek Skin1004. Sedangkan menurut Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) dalam Laporan tahun 2018 bahwa Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) telah menjadikan peredaran produk kemasan (share in jar) sebagai kajian kejahatan obat dan makanan. Sehingga apabila terdapat penggunaan terhadap merek Skin1004 pada produk kemasan (share in jar) tanpa adanya izin dari pemilik merek yang sah, maka pemilik merek Skin1004 tidak memiliki kewajiban untuk bertanggung jawab apabila terdapat kerugian yang dialami konsumen yang mengkonsumsi produk kemasan (share in jar) tersebut. Kata Kunci :Perlindungan Merek, Skin1004, Share In Jar
Analyzing the impact of intake structure on the flow at low pressure SHPP
Authors: Bytčanková Lucia , Rumann Ján , Dušička Peter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe structural parts of intake structures directly affect the flow velocity distribution in the turbine intake of small hydropower plants, where inhomogeneous flow leads to uneven load of the turbine units causing operational problems. A 2D numerical flow modeling was used for investigations of the flow in an intake structure of a low-head small hydropower plant. The effects of shape changes of the intake structure on the flow velocity distribution in the turbine intakes were investigated and assessed proving significant effect of the shapes of the intake structure on the flow homogeneity in turbine intakes.
Thermal and hydrothermal treatment of UHPC: influence of the process parameters on the phase composition of ultra-high performance concrete
Authors: von Werder Julia , Simon Sebastian , Gardei André , Fontana Patrick , Meng Birgit 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSeveral studies show that thermal and hydrothermal treatment can further improve the excellent properties of UHPC in terms of mechanical strength and durability. While for the thermal treatment the increase in strength is attributed to an intensified pozzolanic and hydraulic reaction, for the hydrothermal treatment previous studies accredited it mostly to the formation of tobermorite. In the presented study thermal and hydrothermal treatment of UHPC samples was systematically varied and the phase formation analysed related to the strength development of a reference sample cured for 28 days in water. For the thermal treatment the results show that the strength increase depends on the protection against desiccation and can be ascribed to an improved pozzolanic reaction of the siliceous fillers. To achieve a significant enhancement of strength, a pre-storage time of few days and a long dwell time at elevated temperature/pressure are required. For the hydrothermal treatment already heating the specimens up to 185 °C in saturated steam followed by an immediate cooling leads to a substantial increase in compressive strength. Pre-storage time did not affect the result as far as a minimum of several hours is guaranteed. The improved performance is due to an increase in the pozzolanic and hydraulic reaction. Surprisingly, tobermorite was only found within a very thin layer at the surface of the sample, but not in the bulk. Sulphate and aluminium stemming from the decomposition of the ettringite are bound in the newly formed phases hydroxylellestadite and hydrogarnet.
Popular Religion in Early Republican China Based on Vasilii Alekseev’s Materials from to the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography RAS (fund No. 2054)
Authors: Zavidovskaia Ekaterina Alexandrovna , Rud Polina V. 
Published: February 2021

One of the founding fathers of Russian sinology Vasiliy Mikhailovich Alekseev (18811951) had acquired an impressive collection during his ethnographic expedition to the southern regions of China (May 4 August 19, 1912), which was organized by the Russian Committee for Middle and East Asia Exploration and initiated by the Committee`s head, founder academician Vasilii Vasilievich Radlov (18371918). Alekseevs expedition stated from Vladivostok and passed through Harbin, Shanghai, Ningbo, Putuoshan, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Shantou, Guangzhou and ended up in Hong Kong. Alekseev has collected about 1083 artifacts making up a collection exclusively on popular Buddhist and Daoist religion, items of household usage, daily life and cult, as well as revolutionary leaflets and posters of 1912, now this collection is kept at the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MAE, RAS) with registration No.2054. During his earlier studies in China in 19061909 Alekseev acquired large collections of ethnographic materials and folk art (mainly popular woodblock prints nianhua 年畫) from the northern regions of China, which had later for the most part entered collections of the State Hermitage and the State Museum of the History of Religion (GMIR) in St.Petersburg. For his expedition of 1912 Alekseev had lined out a plan based on his observations of northern religious practices, e.g. he was particularly interested in the worship of City God chenghuang, child giving goddesses niangniang and God of Wealth caishen, but he quickly realized how different was the southern religious terrain and focused on local specifics.
This paper discusses a large portion of printed ritual texts used for religious purposes in Fujian and Guangdong provinces and dated by the early 20thc. Our survey of several dozens of printed materials from fund No.2054 reveals prevalence of documents used by ritual specialists Daoists for funerary rituals and ancestor worship, funeral various types of talismans occupy a central place. Apparently, the form and content of these texts have been preserved in the local religious practice up to present days.