bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevention of postoperative intrapericardial adhesion by dextrin hydrogel
Authors: Kikusaki Satoshi , Takagi Kazuyoshi , Shojima Takahiro , Saku Kosuke , Fukuda Tomofumi , Oryoji Atsunobu , Anegawa Tomoyuki , Fukumoto Yoshihiro , Aoki Hiroki , Tanaka Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivePostoperative intrapericardial adhesion increases the risk of complications in patients undergoing reoperation. We investigated the effect of a bioabsorbable dextrin hydrogel (DHG) on the formation of intrapericardial adhesions.MethodsIntrapericardial adhesion was surgically induced in Japanese white rabbits with DHG treatment (Adh + DHG) or without DHG treatment (Adh). The sham group was not treated with DHG and intrapericardial adhesion was not induced. The extent of intrapericardial adhesion was assessed by adhesion scoring and crystal violet staining of the pericardial cavity. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake assay was performed to assess the proliferative response to the injury in the tissue beneath the intrapericardial adhesion.ResultsThe Adh + DHG group showed looser intrapericardial adhesions compared to the Adh group. The adhesion area of the Adh + DHG group was 4.6 ± 2.2%, whereas that of the Adh group was 32.6 ± 6.4% at the end of the 28-day observation period (p < 0.01). The induction of intrapericardial adhesion resulted in a proliferative response mainly in the cardiac tissue just beneath the adhesion. There were 48.6 ± 10.7 cells/0.1 mm2BrdU-positive cells in the Adh + DHG group and 135.7 ± 23.8 cells/0.1 mm2BrdU-positive cells in the Adh group on day 28 (p < 0.05).ConclusionThese findings indicate that DHG effectively prevented intrapericardial adhesion in this model.
Important factors associated with sick leave after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation—a 1-year prospective study
Authors: Eriksson Linda , Wennman-Larsen Agneta , Bergkvist Karin , Ljungman Per , Winterling Jeanette 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study examines sick leave (SL) and factors associated with full-time SL 1 year after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients of working age from 2009 to 2016 (n = 122).

Methods
Questionnaire data were collected on admission to the allo-HSCT unit, at 7 months and 1 year after allo-HSCT. Associations between factors and SL were analysed using logistic regression analyses.

Results
One year after allo-HSCT, 76% of participants were on SL, with 36% on full-time SL. In univariable analyses, chronic graft-versus-host-disease (cGvHD) (OR 3.07; 95% CI 1.34–7.07; p = 0.01), having symptoms of depression at 7 months (OR 4.81; 95% CI 1.69–13.69; p = 0.00) and low levels of vocational satisfaction at 7 months after treatment (OR 3.27; 95% CI 1.27–8.41; p = 0.01) were associated with full-time SL 1 year after allo-HSCT. cGvHD (OR 3.43; 95% CI 1.35–8.73; p = 0.01) and having symptoms of depression at 7 months after allo-HSCT (OR 3.37; 95% CI 1.2–11.58; p = 0.02) remained significant in multivariable analysis.

Conclusion
The majority of allo-HSCT survivors were on SL 1 year after treatment, and cGvHD, low vocational satisfaction and depressive symptoms were associated with full-time SL 1 year after allo-HSCT.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Healthcare professionals need to be observant of and manage the consequences of cGvHD and patients’ symptoms of depression in order to support them appropriately in their return-to-work process.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Pattern of Patient Care in Otorhinolaryngology Practice in a Tertiary Referral Centre
Authors: Sharma Kalpana , Goswami Abhilasha , Sarun S. M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo study the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on patient load in a tertiary care centre and the innovations and methods used to improve the safety of the healthcare workers, to provide adequate treatment in the department of Otorhinolaryngology. This study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, at a tertiary care hospital centre in North-East India. This study included data collected from the patient registers maintained in our department, and included data over a 4-month period, from April, 2020 to July, 2020. Age, gender, place of residence, clinical diagnosis and the operative procedure performed were included in the data profile for analysis. The above-mentioned registers were also reviewed to retrieve details about the rate of admission during the study period in the previous year. Data was collected and represented, in both descriptive and tabular forms, after proper statistical analysis. We found out that there is a drastic reduction in number of patients attending in our department of Otorhinolaryngology during this COVID-19 pandemic. Certain innovative methods for protecting healthcare workers from viral transmission were put into our practice based on the peer reviewed articles, from June, 2020 and the rate of elective procedures and in-patient admissions were thus increased. Knowledge of new innovative methods in Otorhinolaryngology will help overcome the difficulties faced during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
p53 immunohistochemistry discriminates between pure erythroid leukemia and reactive erythroid hyperplasia
Authors: Alexandres Christina , Basha Basma , King Rebecca L. , Howard Matthew T. , Reichard Kaaren K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPure erythroid leukemia (PEL) is a rare, aggressive subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with a poor prognosis. The diagnosis of PEL is often medically urgent, quite challenging, and is typically a diagnosis of exclusion requiring meticulous distinction from non-neoplastic erythroid proliferations, particularly florid erythroid hyperplasia/regeneration. Given the frequency of TP53 mutations in the molecular signature of PEL, we hypothesize that differential p53 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) may be useful in distinguishing PEL versus non-neoplastic erythroid conditions. We performed p53 IHC on 5 normal bone marrow, 46 reactive erythroid proliferations, and 27 PEL cases. We assessed the positivity and intensity of nuclear staining in pronormoblasts and basophilic normoblasts using a 0–3+ scale with 0 being absent (with internal positive controls) and 3 being strong nuclear positivity. A total of 26/27 PEL cases showed strong, uniform, diffuse intense staining by the neoplastic pronormoblasts versus 0/5 and 0/46 normal and reactive controls, respectively. The control cases show various staining patterns ranging from 0 to 3+ in scattered erythroid precursor cells. Uniform, strong p53 positivity is unique to PEL and discriminates this entity from a benign erythroid mimic. Thus, p53 IHC may be a useful marker in urgent medical cases to assist in the confirmation of a malignant PEL diagnosis while awaiting the results of additional ancillary studies such as cytogenetics.
What comprises the plate-like structure between the pancreatic head and the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery? A proposal for the term “P–A ligament” based on anatomical findings
Authors: Muro Satoru , Sirirat Wachirawit , Ban Daisuke , Nagakawa Yuichi , Akita Keiichi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA plate-like structure is located posterior to the portal vein system, between the pancreatic head and roots and/or branches of two major arteries of the aorta: the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery. We aimed to clarify the distribution and components of this plate-like structure. Macroscopic examination of the upper abdomen and histological examination of the plate-like structure were performed on 26 cadavers. The plate-like structure is connected to major arteries (aorta, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery) and the pancreatic head; it contains abundant fibrous bundles comprising nerves, vessels, collagen fibers, and adipose tissue. Furthermore, it consists of three partly overlapping fibrous components: rich fibrous bundles (superior mesenteric artery plexus) fused to the uncinate process of the pancreas; fibrous bundles arising from the right celiac ganglion and celiac trunk that spread radially to the dorsal side of the pancreatic head and superior mesenteric artery plexus; and fibrous bundles, accompanied by the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, entering the pancreatic head. The plate-like structure is the pancreas–major arteries (aorta, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery) ligament (P–A ligament). The term “P–A ligament” may be clinically useful and can facilitate comprehensive understanding of the anatomy surrounding the pancreatic head and provide an anatomical basis for further pancreatic surgery studies.
Anticholinergic Burden Does Not Influence Delirium Subtype or the Delirium–Mortality Association in Hospitalized Older Adults: Results from a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rawle Mark James , McCue Laura , Sampson Elizabeth L. , Davis Daniel , Vickerstaff Victoria 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Anticholinergic burden (ACB) is associated with an increased risk of delirium in the older population outside of the acute hospital setting. In acute settings, delirium is associated with increased mortality, and this association is greater with full syndromal delirium (FSD) than with subsyndromal delirium (SSD). Little is known about the impact of ACB on delirium prevalence or subtype in hospitalized older adults or the impact on mortality in this population.

Objectives
Our objectives were to determine whether ACB moderates associations between the subtype of delirium experienced by hospitalized older adults and to explore factors (including ACB) that might moderate consequent associations between delirium and mortality in hospital inpatients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of a cohort of 784 older adults with unplanned admission to a North London acute medical unit between June and December 2007. Univariate regression analyses were performed to explore associations between ACB, as represented by the Anticholinergic Burden Scale (ACBS), delirium subtype (FSD vs. SSD), and mortality.

Results
The mean age of the sample was 83 ± standard deviation (SD) 7.4 years, and the majority of patients were female (59%), lived in their own homes (71%), were without dementia (75%), and died between hospital admission and the end of the 2-year follow-up period (59%). Mean length of admission was 13.2 ± 14.4 days. Prescription data revealed an ACBS score of 1 in 26% of the cohort, of 2 in 12%, and of ≥ 3 in 16%. The mean total ACBS score for the cohort was 1.1 ± 1.4 (range 0–9). Patients with high ACB on admission were more likely to have severe dementia, to have multiple comorbidities, and to live in residential care. Higher ACB was not associated with delirium of either subtype in hospitalized older adults. Delirium itself was associated with increased mortality, and greater associations were seen in FSD (hazard ratio [HR] 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.70–3.01) than in SSD (HR 1.58; 95% CI 1.2–2.09); however, ACB had no impact on this relationship.

Conclusions
ACB was not found to be associated with increased delirium of either subtype or to have a demonstrable impact on mortality in delirium. Prior suggestions of links between ACB and mortality in similar populations may be mediated by higher levels of functional dependence, greater levels of residential home residence, or an increased prevalence of dementia in this population.
Oscillating friction of nanoscale capillary bridge
Authors: Wu Shuai , He Yuqing , Zheng Quanshui , Ma Ming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe presence of a capillary bridge between solid surfaces is ubiquitous under ambient conditions. Usually, it leads to a continuous decrease of friction as a function of bridge height. Here, using molecular dynamics we show that for a capillary bridge with a small radius confined between two hydrophilic elastic solid surfaces, the friction oscillates greatly when decreasing the bridge height. The underlying mechanism is revealed to be a periodic ordered-disordered transition at the liquid–solid interfaces. This transition is caused by the balance between the surface tension of the liquid–vapor interface and the elasticity of the surface. This balance introduces a critical size below which the friction oscillates. Based on the mechanism revealed, a parameter-free analytical model for the oscillating friction was derived and found to be in excellent agreement with the simulation results. Our results describe an interesting frictional phenomenon at the nanoscale, which is most prominent for layered materials.
FAJIT: a fuzzy-based data aggregation technique for energy efficiency in wireless sensor network
Authors: Bhushan Shashi , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Pramod , Stephan Thompson , Shankar Achyut , Liu Peide 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWireless sensor network (WSN) is used to sense the environment, collect the data, and further transmit it to the base station (BS) for analysis. A synchronized tree-based approach is an efficient approach to aggregate data from various sensor nodes in a WSN environment. However, achieving energy efficiency in such a tree formation is challenging. In this research work, an algorithm named fuzzy attribute-based joint integrated scheduling and tree formation (FAJIT) technique for tree formation and parent node selection using fuzzy logic in a heterogeneous network is proposed. FAJIT mainly focuses on addressing the parent node selection problem in the heterogeneous network for aggregating different types of data packets to improve energy efficiency. The selection of parent nodes is performed based on the candidate nodes with the minimum number of dynamic neighbors. Fuzzy logic is applied in the case of an equal number of dynamic neighbors. In the proposed technique, fuzzy logic is first applied to WSN, and then min–max normalization is used to retrieve normalized weights (membership values) for the given edges of the graph. This membership value is used to denote the degree to which an element belongs to a set. Therefore, the node with the minimum sum of all weights is considered as the parent node. The result of FAJIT is compared with the distributed algorithm for Integrated tree Construction and data Aggregation (DICA) on various parameters: average schedule length, energy consumption data interval, the total number of transmission slots, control overhead, and energy consumption in the control phase. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is better in terms of energy efficiency.
Biogas production as energy source and strategy for managing waste and climate change
Authors: Elizabeth Funmi Aransıola , Abiodun Suleiman Momodu , Inioluwa Deborah Okunade , Tofunmi Dorcas Adepoju 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe study presents technical and economic approaches of upscaled laboratory experiment using yard waste (YW) and heterogeneous slurry (HS) to produce heat and power, as a means of bridging the gap between energy production and climate change management strategies. A combination of YW:HS in ratio 2:3 with slurry obtained from a functional digester serving as inoculum was fed into the digester. These were mixed in the ratios of substrates/inoculum/water of 3.5:0.173:6.28 and theoretically upscaled for field-scale biodigesters. The modeled result shows that about 2.5 m3gas is produced per 5-m3-sized digester over a 30-day hydraulic retention time and estimated project life of 20 years. A business model was adopted for cost recovery of the proposed waste-to-energy system and life cycle cost analysis for the production costs of the seven 5-m3digesters. Avoided emissions of CO2from other equivalent energy sources are 4.36 kg, 10.16 kg, 10.37 kg, and 81.32 kg, respectively, for LPG, kerosene, diesel and fuel wood/charcoal. The project is sustainable in for profit, people and planet.
Hydrochemical assessment of the Beeshazar and associated lakes in Central Nepal
Authors: Pant Ramesh Raj , Chalaune Tarka Bahadur , Dangol Alina , Dhital Yam Prasad , Sharma Motee Lal , Pal Khadka Bahadur , Shah Syed Tallataf H. , Shrestha Ashok Kumar , Thapa Lal B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWater quality deterioration has threatened aquatic life around the world including Nepal, which has been a serious issue for environmental sustainability and economic development. This study evaluated and interpreted hydrochemical parameters of the Beeshazar and associated lakes in Central Himalaya, Nepal. The study revealed that the water in the lake was slightly alkaline as the average pH was 7.52. The correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) identified both geogenic and anthropogenic processes as the controlling factors of hydrochemistry whereas the cluster analysis (CA) showed relatively more pollution in the associated Laxmi Lake. Also, the water quality index (WQI) classified the water as “good” for drinking purposes (i.e., WQI = 33.90), while the pollution index (PI) values were characterized as sub-cleanness and slightly polluted. In general, both the WQI and PI signify that water in the lake complex is currently safe for drinking purposes. It is further confirmed from the comparative analysis of chemical variables with other lakes in the region, WHO and national water quality guidelines for aqua culture that the most of the analyzed water parameters exhibited relatively low concentrations and were within the prescribed guidelines. However, the elevated concentrations of NO3−and PO43−may pose serious problems for retaining water quality in the future. The results could be considered for future planning and management of the Ramsar Lakes of the lowland areas in the Himalaya and also as a valuable reference for the freshwater researchers at the national and international levels.
Environmental geology assessment on the regional Pitay landfill site: a case study in Kupang, Indonesia
Authors: Titu-Eki Adept , Kotta Herry Z. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Provincial Government of East Nusa Tenggara of Eastern Indonesia has intended to construct a new regional landfill site in Pitay–Kupang, which would accommodate municipal waste of two cities. Considering that environmental degradation in landfill sites has been a substantial issue for many developing cities in Indonesia, this study evaluates the pre-determined site on a local scale based on environmental geology parameters. It employs a conventional Geographical Information System based—Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (GIS-MCDA) method which is based on the analysis of regional criterion, assessed by expressing values on each parameter presented on thematic maps and overlaid altogether as a screening process, and the exclusion criterion analysis, which sets a buffer zone to filter out irrelevant locations. The regional criterion parameters are: Lithology, groundwater depth, slope gradient and rainfall intensity, whilst the exclusion criterion parameters are: Distance from rivers and lakes, shorelines, settlements, main roads, airports and protected areas, distance from potential geological hazards such as fault zones, floods and mass movements, and distance from any geological potential which may be developed in the future. The biggest area reduction for suitable landfill site candidate is lithology, correlating with groundwater depths, and distance from rivers. Here we identified four potential sites located west and centre of Pitay, situated on Bobonaro scaly clay lithology unit, arguably possessing no groundwater with a slope gradient of 0–20%, rainfall intensity below 1000 mm, and is distant from any potential hazards, promising geological resources and other unfavorable criteria relating to environmental degradation.
Structural, thermal and electrical properties of composites electrolytes (1−x) CsH2PO4/x ZrO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) for fuel cell with advanced electrode
Authors: Singh Deshraj , Kumar Pawan , Singh Jitendra , Veer Dharm , Kumar Aravind , Katiyar Ram S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractComposites proton conducting material based on cesium dihydrogen phosphate (CDP) doped with zirconium oxide (1−x) CsH2PO4/x ZrO2 were synthesized with different concentration having in the range such as x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 by ball milling method. The prepared solid acid composites were dried at 150 °C for 6 h. Structural and thermal characterization of solid acid composite proton electrolytes were carried out by X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy respectively. Phase transition of the prepared materials was carried out by using differential scanning calorimetry and conductivity was measured by LC Impedance meter in the range 1 Hz to 400 kHz. The ionic conductivity of ZrO2 doped CsH2PO4 (CDP) was increased up to 1.3 × 10–2 S cm−1 at the 280 °C under environment atmospheric humidification which showed high stability as compared to pure CsH2PO4 (CDP). This obtaining result would be useful for establishing and design the next generation fuel cell.
A review of the methods used to determine the target site or the mechanism of action of essential oils and their components against fungi
Authors: Mani-López Emma , Cortés-Zavaleta Orlenda , López-Malo Aurelio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEssential oils (EOs) are complex mixtures of compounds derived from plants that exhibit antimicrobial activity. Several studies have demonstrated their antifungal activity in food matrices or in vitro via vapor phase or direct addition. Recently, researchers are focusing on elucidating the target site or the mechanism of action of various EOs. Past research has suggested evidence of how EOs act in the fungal cells via assays assessed from cell wall alterations or gene expression modifications. However, no previous reports have summarized most methods for finding the target site of the mechanism of action for EOs. Therefore, this review presents the methods and assays used to discover the target site or the mechanism of action of EOs against fungal cells. Researchers commonly analyze the plasma membrane integrity using various techniques as well as the changes in cell morphology. Meanwhile, the quantification of the activity of the mitochondrial enzymes, ROS species, and gene expression are less assayed.
Solar power plants site selection for sustainable ecological development in Nigde, Turkey
Authors: Soydan Orhun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTurkey's population is constantly increasing, and thus, the energy consumption is also increasing. Wind turbines, nuclear power plants, and boron and uranium resources are used for energy needs. Turkey meets its energy needs using these resources. Sun which is a natural and unlimited resource among these resources is one of the most important natural energy resources. The most important issue to consider in order to utilize solar energy in the most efficient way and to obtain advantages is the selection of the suitable place for solar plants. The aim of this study is to select the most suitable location for solar energy plants and provide to build solar power plants in suitable places. Eleven data layers (sunshine duration, solar radiation, slope, aspect, road, water sources, residential areas, earthquake fault line, mine areas, power line and transformers) that were prepared using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method in GIS were used and analysed. Based on the results of the analysis, the location of the areas where solar energy could be built was selected. As a result of the study, it was determined that in particular the north-east of the Nigde is the most suitable for solar plants. Ulukisla district has the most suitable feature for solar plants among the Nigde districts. 80% of the existing solar plants are located in the detected areas. It has been determined that the other 20% of the solar plant is also in the suitable areas, but their location is not suitable for the most efficiency.