bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efectos psicológicos de la pandemia covid 19 en el personal del ámbito sanitario
Authors: Montes- Berges Beatriz , Ortúñez Fernández M. Elena 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos psicológicos que la actual pandemia de coronavirus (covid19) está teniendo en los profesionales del ámbito sanitario.Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en una muestra de 1150 profesionales del ámbito sanitarios, seleccionados al azar. Las mediciones y los resultados se explicaron con el modelo teórico el Diferencial Semántico propuesto por Osgood.Resultados: Se ha encontrado que, en general, el personal del ámbito sanitario se siente muy desprotegido, con miedo y estresado. Confieren más miedo al autocontagio que al contagio de otros. Perciben su trabajo como eficaz, beneficioso, activo, útil y flexible, y simultáneamente se siente amable, afectivo, sincero, cálido y discreto. Encontramos que las enfermeras, y después los técnicos en cuidados enfermeros se sienten más útiles, valientes, importantes y sinceras que otras categorías sanitarias, entre las que figuran los y las médicos/as. Las emociones que sentían el personal sanitario están fuertemente influidas por la orientación política que tuvieran.Conclusión: El estudio realizado sobre el efecto psicológico de la actual pandemia en los profesionales del ámbito sanitario aporta diferencias significativas en función de la profesión, el contrato laboral, el sexo y la orientación política de los entrevistados.
Objective: To analyze the psychological effects that the current coronavirus pandemic (covid19) is having on healthcare professionals.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study in a sample of 1,150 healthcare professionals, randomly selected. Measurements and results were explained with the theoretical model of the Semantic Differential proposed by Osgood.Results: It has been found that, in general, healthcare professionals feel very unprotected, afraid and stressed. They were more afraid of self-contagion than of others. They perceived their work as effective, beneficial, active, useful and flexible, and at the same time, they feel kind, affective, sincere, warm and discreet. We found that nurses, and later, nurse care technicians feel more useful, brave, important, and sincere than other healthcare categories, including physicians. The emotions that the health personnel felt were strongly influenced by their political orientation.Conclusion: The study carried out on the psychological effect of the current pandemic on health professionals provides significant differences depending on the profession, the employment contract, the sex and the political orientation of the interviewees.
La communication non verbale dans les médias télévisuels
Authors: Denault12 Vincent , Duran Geoffrey , Delmas Hugues 
Published: May 2021

Depuis au moins une dizaine d’années, les médias télévisuels font la promotion d’idées reçues sur les gestes et les expressions faciales. Des séries policières présentent l’analyse de la communication non verbale comme un outil qui, pour les professionnels de la justice, permettrait de distinguer efficacement la vérité des mensonges. De plus, des intervenants, présentés explicitement ou non comme des body language experts, proposent des « décryptages » du non-verbal de personnalités publiques. Toutefois, quelle est la nature de l’information véhiculée par de tels « décryptages » et comment, en pratique, peuvent-ils nuire à la bonne administration de la justice ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons analysé de façon minutieuse et approfondie un « décryptage » d’Aaron Hernandez lors de son procès. Les résultats de notre analyse montrent comment l’intervenante (a) fait parler implicitement les comportements non verbaux d’Hernandez, obligeant alors les téléspectateurs à reconstruire ce qu’elle laisse entendre, et (b) fait indirectement la promotion d’idées reçues sur la communication non verbale qui peuvent fausser l’appréciation de la preuve par les juges et les jurés. Les résultats sont discutés à l’aide de la littérature scientifique sur la communication non verbale et la détection du mensonge.
Mining TCGA database for gene expression in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma microenvironment
Authors: Xu Youzheng , Xu Yixin , Wang Chun , Xia Baoguo , Mu Qingling , Luan Shaohong , Fan Jun 
Published: May 2021

Background
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of female deaths worldwide. Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma occupies about 90% of it. Effective and accurate biomarkers for diagnosis, outcome prediction and personalized treatment are needed urgently

Methods
Gene expression profile for OSC patients was obtained from the TCGA database. The ESTIMATE algorithm was used to calculate immune scores and stromal scores of expression data of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma samples. Survival results between high and low groups of immune and stromal score were compared and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out by limma package. The Gene Ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed with the g:Profiler database, the Cytoscape and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING-DB). Survival results between high and low immune and stromal score groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier plots based on TCGA follow up information were generated to evaluate patients’ overall survival.

Results
Eighty-six upregulated DEGs and one downregulated DEG were identified. Three modules, which included 49 nodes were chosen as important networks. Seven DEGs (VSIG4, TGFBI, DCN, F13A1, ALOX5AP, GPX3, SFRP4) were considered to be correlated with poor overall survival.

Conclusion
Seven DEGs (VSIG4, TGFBI, DCN, F13A1, ALOX5AP, GPX3, SFRP4) were correlated with poor overall survival in our study. This new set of genes can become strong predictor of survival, individually or combined. Further investigation of these genes is needed to validate the conclusion to provide novel understanding of tumor microenvironment with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma prognosis and treatment.
Sand addition promotes gharial nesting in a regulated river‐reservoir habitat
Authors: Vashistha Gaurav , Lang Jeffrey W. , Dhakate Parag Madhukar , Kothamasi David 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is a critically endangered, long‐snouted crocodilian, endemic to the Indian sub‐continent. Today, the species' distribution and numbers have reduced by more than 95% in all the large rivers where it was formerly abundant. Living upstream in a reservoir dammed in 1976, the Katerniaghat gharial population has continued to nest along the Girwa River, subject to seasonal flooding in recent decades. In 2010, a natural flood upstream in Nepal resulted in a permanent reduction in the mainstream river flow. As a consequence of reduced flow, the formerly open sand banks and mid‐river islands have converted gradually to riverbanks with woody vegetation. Coincident with the increased vegetation growth, gharial nesting sites and nest numbers declined by more than 40% by 2018.

In an attempt to reverse the observed decline in nesting, we intervened with vegetation removal (VR) in 2019 and sand addition (SA) in 2020, to augment available nesting opportunities at previous and potential nesting locations.

The number of nests increased with SA (n = 36 in 2020) but decreased with VR (n = 19 in 2019), relative to the prior year without intervention (n = 25 in 2018). Furthermore, hatching success increased significantly to 93% with SA, compared to 63% in VR. Creating an artificial sand bank required approximately one‐third work hours and cost much less than removing vegetation. Substrate temperatures in and around nests approximated the viable incubation range (29–33.5°C) when vegetation is absent, but were lower in sites covered with woody vegetation and/or dense, high grass.

Our study indicates that gharial will respond favourably to newly created sand banks that provide open, sandy riverside nesting areas, in contrast to cut‐over sites with dense vegetation removed.

Finally, we note that this strategy of augmenting nesting sites is only an interim attempt to solve the ‘nesting site’ dilemma for the river‐adapted gharial. Landscape‐level solutions related to resumption of seasonal flooding, and particularly natural flow regimes that are dynamic, rather than steady, will likely be needed to avoid local extirpation of gharial in river‐reservoir habitats.
Well‐Defined Nanostructured Biointerfaces: Strengthened Cellular Interaction for Circulating Tumor Cells Isolation
Authors: Yu Leixiao , Tang Peng , Nie Chuanxiong , Hou Yong , Haag Rainer 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe topographic features at the cell–material biointerface are critical for cellular sensing of the extracellular environment (ECM) and have gradually been recognized as key factors that regulate cell adhesion behavior. Herein, a well‐defined nanostructured biointerface is fabricated via a new generation of mussel‐inspired polymer coating to mimic the native ECM structures. Upon the bioinert background presence and biospecific ligands conjugation, the affinity of cancer cells to the resulting biofunctional surfaces, which integrate topographic features and biochemical cues, is greatly strengthened. Both the conjugated bioligand density, filopodia formation, and focal adhesion expression are significantly enhanced by the surficial nano‐features with an optimized size‐scale. Thus, this nanostructured biointerface exhibits high capture efficiency for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with high sensitivity, high biospecificity, and high purity. Benefiting from the unique bioligands conjugation chemistry herein, the captured cancer cells can be responsively detached from the biointerfaces without damage for downstream analysis. The present biofunctional nanostructured interfaces offer a good solution to address current challenges to efficiently isolate rare CTCs from blood samples for earlier cancer diagnosis.
mRNA Delivery of a Bispecific Single‐Domain Antibody to Polarize Tumor‐Associated Macrophages and Synergize Immunotherapy against Liver Malignancies
Authors: Wang Ying , Tiruthani Karthik , Li Sirui , Hu Mengying , Zhong Guojie , Tang Yu , Roy Sourav , Zhang Lillian , Tan Jun , Liao Chengheng , Liu Rihe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLiver malignancies are among the tumor types that are resistant to immune checkpoint inhibition therapy. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly enriched and play a major role in inducing immunosuppression in liver malignancies. Herein, CCL2 and CCL5 are screened as two major chemokines responsible for attracting TAM infiltration and inducing their polarization toward cancer‐promoting M2‐phenotype. To reverse this immunosuppressive process, an innovative single‐domain antibody that bispecifically binds and neutralizes CCL2 and CCL5 (BisCCL2/5i) with high potency and specificity is directly evolved. mRNA encoding BisCCL2/5i is encapsulated in a clinically approved lipid nanoparticle platform, resulting in a liver‐homing biomaterial that allows transient yet efficient expression of BisCCL2/5i in the diseased organ in a multiple dosage manner. This BisCCL2/5i mRNA nanoplatform significantly induces the polarization of TAMs toward the antitumoral M1 phenotype and reduces immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. The combination of BisCCL2/5i with PD‐1 ligand inhibitor (PD‐Li) achieves long‐term survival in mouse models of primary liver cancer and liver metastasis of colorectal and pancreatic cancers. The work provides an effective bispecific targeting strategy that could broaden the PD‐Li therapy to multiple types of malignancies in the human liver.
Large Fermi‐Energy Shift and Suppression of Trivial Surface States in NbP Weyl Semimetal Thin Films
Authors: Bedoya‐Pinto Amilcar , Liu Defa , Tan Hengxin , Pandeya Avanindra Kumar , Chang Kai , Zhang Jibo , Parkin Stuart S. P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWeyl semimetals, a class of 3D topological materials, exhibit a unique electronic structure featuring linear band crossings and disjoint surface states (Fermi‐arcs). While first demonstrations of topologically driven phenomena have been realized in bulk crystals, efficient routes to control the electronic structure have remained largely unexplored. Here, a dramatic modification of the electronic structure in epitaxially grown NbP Weyl semimetal thin films is reported, using in situ surface engineering and chemical doping strategies that do not alter the NbP lattice structure and symmetry, retaining its topological nature. Through the preparation of a dangling‐bond‐free, P‐terminated surface which manifests in a surface reconstruction, all the well‐known trivial surface states of NbP are fully suppressed, resulting in a purely topological Fermi‐arc dispersion. In addition, a substantial Fermi‐energy shift from −0.2 to 0.3 eV across the Weyl points is achieved by surface chemical doping, unlocking access to the hitherto unexplored n‐type region of the Weyl spectrum. These findings constitute a milestone toward surface‐state and Fermi‐level engineering of topological bands in Weyl semimetals, and, while there are still challenges in minimizing doping‐driven disorder and grain boundary density in the films, they do represent a major advance to realize device heterostructures based on Weyl physics.
Monolithically Integrated μLEDs/HEMTs Microdisplay on a Single Chip by a Direct Epitaxial Approach
Authors: Cai Yuefei , Zhu Chenqi , Zhong Wei , Feng Peng , Jiang Sheng , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThere is a significantly increasing demand on developing a microLED (μLED) based microdisplay which may be the only display system that can meet the requirements for augmented reality/virtual reality systems, helmet mounted displays, and head‐up displays. However, a number of fundamental challenges which cannot be met by any existing technologies need to be overcome before such a microdisplay with satisfied performance becomes possible. In this paper, a different type of integration concept using an epitaxial approach is proposed, aiming to monolithically integrate μLEDs and high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on a single chip. This concept can be potentially realized by using a selective epitaxial overgrowth method on a predefined HEMT template featuring microhole masks. Finally, the proposed epitaxial integration concept is translated into a prototype, demonstrating an 8 × 8 microLED microdisplay, where each μLED is electrically driven by an individual HEMT which surrounds its respective μLED via the gate bias of the HEMT.
A Simple Model Setup Using Spray‐Drying Principles and Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles to Evaluate the Efficiency of Facemask Materials in Terms of Virus Particle Retention
Authors: Oppmann Maximilian , Wenderoth Sarah , Ballweg Thomas , Schug Benedikt , Mandel Karl 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHerein, a simple model setup is presented to spray fine liquid droplets containing nanoparticles in an air stream transporting this toward a filter material. The nanoparticles are made of silica and tagged with a fluorescent dye in order to render the trace of the particles easily visible. The silica nanoparticles, in a first approximation, mimic virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) particles. The setup is used to evaluate different tissues, nowadays, in times of the coronavirus pandemic, commonly used as facemasks, with regard to their particle retention capability. The setup enables adjusting different “breathing scenarios” by adjusting the gas flow speed and, thereby, to compare the filter performance for these scenarios. The effective penetration of particles can be monitored via fluorescence intensity measurements and is visualized via scanning electron micrographs and photographs under UV light. Ultimately, a strong increase of particle penetration in various mask materials as function of flow speed of the droplets is observed and an ultimate retention is only observed for FFP3 and FFP2 masks.
Boosting the Thermoelectric Properties of PEDOT:PSS via Low‐Impact Deposition of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Dong Jingjin , Gerlach Dominic , Koutsogiannis Panagiotis , Rudolf Petra , Portale Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxy thiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) exhibits valuable characteristics concerning stability, green‐processing, flexibility, high electrical conductivity, and ease of property modulation, qualifying it as one of the most promising p‐type organic conductors for thermoelectric (TE) applications. While blending with inorganic counterparts is considered a good strategy to further improve polymeric TE properties, only a few attempts succeed so far due to inhomogeneous embedding and the non‐ideal organic‐inorganic contact. Here a new strategy to include nanoparticles (NPs) without any ligand termination inside PEDOT:PSS thin films is proposed. Spark discharge‐generated tin oxide NPs (SnOx‐NPs) are “gently” and homogenously deposited through low‐energy diffusion mode. Strong interaction between naked SnOx‐NPs and PSS chains occurs in the topmost layer, causing a structural reorganization towards an improved PEDOT chains crystalline packing at the bottom, providing a positive contribution to the electrical conductivity. Meanwhile, dedoping and energy filtering effect introduced by the SnOx‐NPs cause dramatic Seebeck coefficient enhancement. The optimized power factor of 116 μWm−1 K−2 achieved is more than six times higher than the value found for the film without NPs. This easy and efficient strategy promises well for future mass production of flexible TE devices and the mechanism revealed may inspire future research on TEs and flexible electronics.
Polycrystalline Ge Nanosheets Embedded in Metal‐Semiconductor Heterostructures Enabling Wafer‐Scale 3D Integration of Ge Nanodevices with Self‐Aligned Al Contacts
Authors: Sistani Masiar , Böckle Raphael , Wind Lukas , Eysin Kilian , Maeder Xavier , Schweizer Peter , Michler Johann , Lugstein Alois , Weber Walter M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe ability to stack nanosheet transistors is an important prerequisite for the realization of vertically monolithic 3D integrated circuits enabling higher integration densities of functions and novel circuit topologies that relax miniaturization constraints. In this respect, a wafer‐scale platform is presented embedding high‐quality nanoscale polycrystalline Ge channels into monolithic metal‐semiconductor heterostructures. Thereto, a fabrication scheme comprising a combination of flash lamp annealing, crystallizing ultra‐thin amorphous Ge nanosheets, and a thermally induced Al‐Ge exchange reaction is demonstrated, facilitating the formation of self‐aligned Al leads enabling sharp Al‐Ge heterojunctions. The high quality of the obtained polycrystalline Al‐Ge‐Al heterostructure nanosheets is confirmed by µ‐Raman, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction measurements. Embedded in back‐ and top‐gate field‐effect transistor architectures, the electrical transport in polycrystalline Al‐Ge‐Al heterostructures is systematically analyzed. Enabling a complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor compatible wafer‐scale accessibility of high‐quality polycrystalline Ge with self‐aligned Al contacts, the proposed platform significantly contributes to the development of a broad spectrum of emerging 3D integrated Ge nanodevices.
Removal of sulfur‐containing compounds from Fluid Catalytic Cracking unit (FCC) gasoline by pervaporation process: Effects of variations in feed characteristics and mass transfer properties of the membrane
Authors: Mishra Mukesh K. , Jain Manish 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAnalyzing the effects of feed characteristics and membrane transport properties are important for designing the industrial‐scale pervaporative desulfurization plants. In this study, a new method to analyze the effects of feed composition and membrane characteristics has been proposed, where these properties are represented by average vapor pressure and average permeance coefficient. Spiral wound module geometry is used in this study for more realistic industrial‐scale predictions. Results suggested that module performance in terms of stage cut and enrichment factor improved with increasing selectivity of the membrane. However, this effect was profound at lower selectivity (<5) and became negligible at higher selectivity (>10). Moreover, results also depicted that the increase in feed temperature increased enrichment factor when selectivity was low (<2.5), but this trend was reversed when selectivity was greater than 2.5. At a constant membrane selectivity, an increase in permeability reduced the enrichment factor. Thus, membrane selectivity should improve along with membrane permeability for better results. The pervaporation process was found more beneficial for removing highly volatile low molecular weight sulfur‐containing compounds. Finally, feed channel temperature drop and permeate channel pressure drop followed the trend of stage cut in all simulations. Therefore, the lower stage cut may improve module efficiency.
Genipin‐crosslinked chitosan hydrogels: Preliminary evaluation of the in vitro biocompatibility and biodegradation
Authors: Vo Nga T. N. , Huang Lei , Lemos Henrique , Mellor Andrew L. , Novakovic Katarina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGenipin‐crosslinked chitosan hydrogels have gained attention as promising drug delivery vehicles. To bring them one step closer to clinical applications, this study evaluates the hydrogels' in vitro biocompatibility and biodegradation. Cytotoxicity test on 3T3 fibroblasts shows that the cells retain normal adhesive properties and high viability on gels with 3.1 and 4.4 mm genipin but not on gels with 1.7 mm genipin. The hydrogels with highest genipin content (4.4 mm) are studied further in the presence of RAW 264.7 macrophages and DC 2.4 dendritic cells. In both cases, cell viability is preserved and interferon‐β gene transcription is enhanced while over‐production of five inflammatory cytokines is not detected, suggesting the hydrogels' immune stimulating property and potential as vaccine carriers. The biodegradation is monitored efficiently using the hydrogels' intrinsic fluorescence upon crosslinking with genipin. Addition of poly (ethylene glycol) to form a semi‐interpenetrating hydrogel is found to enhance the cytocompatibility to 3T3 cells and delay the degradation. Collectively, our findings suggest that chitosan‐genipin hydrogels can be considered as biocompatible materials, with great potential for vaccine delivery applications.
Aid fragmentation and volatility in the Pacific
Authors: Wood Terence , Nicholls Imogen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this article we comprehensively document aid volatility (short‐term changes in aid flows) and aid fragmentation in the Pacific. We study two types of fragmentation: fragmentation across countries and fragmentation across projects. Our research draws on a new dataset compiled by the Lowy Institute. The dataset includes aid flows to the Pacific from non‐traditional donors such as China. This allows us to undertake the first‐ever study of Pacific aid volatility and fragmentation factoring in non‐traditional donors. We contrast the Pacific with other regions, finding that while fragmentation across donors is less in the Pacific, project fragmentation is worse, as is aid volatility. We find fragmentation across donors is increasing in the Pacific. We find a similar trend for fragmentation across projects. We find no evidence that non‐traditional donors such as China are driving these trends. However, we find some evidence that non‐traditional donors give more volatile aid.