bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The perception of episiotomy among Iranian women: a qualitative study
Authors: Ghiasvand Malihe , Nahidi Fatemeh , Mobarakabadi Sedigheh Sedigh , Nia Hamid Sharif , Majd Hamid Alavi 
Published: December 2021

Background Around 70% of women who give birth vaginally experience perineal injury during childbirth, which may happen spontaneously or as a result of the incision made to facilitate childbirth. There are very few studies on the perceptions of episiotomy recipients about these services. Therefore, investigating these women's perception is crucial for providing appropriate care. Methods This qualitative study examined 20 women from hospitals and health centres who had undergone episiotomy using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using conventional content analysis and the accuracy and rigour of the data were assessed using the Lincoln and Guba criteria. Results The ‘change in perception and behaviour’ theme encompassed one category of negative experiences and views about episiotomy and a second category covering positive views. Conclusions Women's perceptions of episiotomy contained both positive and negative views. Since healthcare systems should support mothers' physical and mental health, it is recommended that health policymakers devise plans to boost factors that lead to positive views and eliminate those contributing to negative experiences and views.
Assessing equity of the spatial distribution of primary health care facilities in Fuzhou City, China: A comprehensive method
Authors: You Ninglong 
Published: December 2021

Background
It is well known that equity assessment of the spatial distribution of primary health care facilities (PHCFs) is significant to optimize the allocation of health care resources and enhance the ability to react to public health emergencies, yet there is much discussion about the poor effectiveness of assessment for many cities due to the limitations of the insufficient ability of traditional data to reflect residents’ demands, etc. In many cities where PHCFs are inequity distributed, this is urgently needed for the government.

Methods
Using Fuzhou City, China as a case study, we propose a comprehensive method for assessing the equity that consisting of two frameworks based on the Geographic Information System. The first framework is assessing resident demand based on daily demand and potential demand, and the second is assessing PHCFs supply based on road impedance. This method combines an index system based on multi-source data and a spatial matching analysis between resident demand and PHCFs supply based on the supply-demand disparity index.

Results
The demand degree for the PHCFs and the supply degree of accessing the PHCFs of different residential areas differ to great extents. The equity of the spatial distribution of PHCFs shows well overall, but there is still a lack of equity in local areas. The number of the residential areas with the lowest equity, insufficient supply and oversupply accounted for 10.31% and 39.00% respectively; the former is mainly gathered in a concentrated form at the edge and in a scattered form inside, and the latter is distributed in the interior mostly in a concentrated manner.

Conclusion
The key findings highlight several aspects of improving the layout of PHCFs such as strengthen an in-depth analysis on residents’ demand. This study contributes to a more accurate equity assessment, and further improves the layout of health care facilities.
Antenatal screening of depressive and manic symptoms in south Brazilian childbearing women: A transversal study in advance of the pandemic scenario
Authors: Schier de Fraga Fernanda , Wan-Dall Beatriz Souza Lima , Garcia Gabriel Henrique de Oliveira , Pandolfo Henrique , Sequinel Adelyne Mayara Tavares da Silva , Alvin Pedro , Serman Eduardo Jonson , do Amaral Vivian Ferreira 
Published: December 2021

Background
The diagnosis of mood disorders (MD) during pregnancy is challenging and may bring negative consequences to the maternal-fetal binomial. The long waitlist for specialized psychiatric evaluation in Brazil contributes to the treatment omission. Almost 20.0% of women treated with antidepressants have a positive screening for bipolar disorder. Therefore, it has been recommended the investigation of depressive and bipolar disorder during prenatal care. Unfortunately, the screening for mood disorders is not a reality in Brazil and many childbearing women remain undiagnosed. The objective of this study is to observe the frequency of MD and the effectiveness of screening scales for routine use by health professionals during prenatal care in high-risk pregnancies.

Methodology/Principal findings
This cross-sectional study included 61 childbearing women in their second trimester who were interviewed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). The cut-off point was EPDS ≥ 13 and MDQ ≥ 7 and the SCID-5 was the gold standard diagnosis. MD were diagnosed in 24.6% of the high-risk pregnancies. EDPS was positive in 19.7% and the frequency of major depression was 8.2%. 16.4% of the childbearing women were diagnosed with bipolar disorder, while MDQ was positive in 36.1%. 11.5% of the women had EPDS and MDQ positive. EPDS sensitivity was 80.0% and specificity 92.1%, whereas MDQ presented a sensitivity of 70.0% and specificity of 70.6%.

Conclusion/Significance
There is a high prevalence of MD in high-risk pregnancies. The routine use of EPDS simultaneously to MDQ during antenatal care is effective and plays an important role in early diagnosis, counselling, and promotion of perinatal mental health.
The auxílio emergencial and stringent social distancing policies in Brazil: the impact on mobility and non-work travel outside the home
Authors: Barberia Lorena G. , Piazza Kelly Senters 
Published: December 2021

Non-pharmaceutical interventions to increase physical distancing have been instrumental in mitigating the spread of COVID-19. Governments have enacted stringent public health policies that impose limits on mobility outside the household. However, for containment policies to be effective, there is a growing understanding that emergency aid programs must be designed to ensure that the most vulnerable receive financial and in-kind aid resources to support their ability to “stay at home.” In this study, we use survey data from an Oxford
USP-FGV collaborative research initiative to empirically assess the effectiveness of these two policies in reducing mobility with an eye to those at-risk or living in conditions of poverty in eight Brazilian capitals. We learn that, in general, neither stringent public health policies and receipt nor promised receipt of the Auxílio Emergencial were effective in limiting mobility outside of the home. We do, however, find limited evidence that receipt or promised receipt of the Auxílio Emergencial marginally limited non-work trips outside of the home, especially in city/state combinations with stringent public health policies. We conclude by discussing the policy implications of our findings.
Adult Intestinal Toxemia Botulism in a Patient With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Abdallah Mohamed A. , Rank Kevin M. , Keeley Scott , Anderson Daniel J. , Vaughn Byron P. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
Adult intestinal toxemia botulism (ITB) is a rare illness that can be fatal if not recognized. ITB can occur when botulinum neurotoxin–producing clostridia colonize the intestine. Underlying intestinal abnormalities associated with dysbiosis are likely a prerequisite for colonization. Dysbiosis seems necessary for spore germination and neurotoxin production. Botulism neurotoxins are the most lethal poisons known and are classified into 7 serotypes: A through G. The clinical presentation consists of cranial nerve abnormalities and descending flaccid paralysis. Prompt recognition and treatment with botulism antitoxin and supportive measures is often successful, but delayed recognition can be fatal. In this study, we present a case of a 40-year-old woman with Crohn's disease who developed ITB. This is the first case in literature to report adult intestinal botulism from Clostridium botulinum producing toxin B and F in the same patient.
Professionalization of non-medical support of women in perinatal period: the significance of the doula profession
Authors: Stępkowska Justyna , Królak Anna , Stępkowska Katarzyna 
Published: December 2021

Wprowadzenie:Doula (gr. „kobieta, która służy”) to osoba przeszkolona do udzielania kobiecie i jej rodzinie wsparcia emocjonalnego, fizycznego i informacyjnego w czasie ciąży,porodu i połogu.
Cel:Celem pracy jest próba analizy roli i zadań douli na płaszczyźnie zróżnicowanych potrzeb kobiet rodzących z uwzględnieniem wyników wstępnych badań dotyczących opinii i doświadczeń polskich kobiet na temat wsparcia douli w okresie okołoporodowym.
Metody: Przeprowadzone badanie miało charakter wstępny. Badaniem ilościowym objęto 526 kobiet z wywiadem położniczym, w wieku od 18 do 50 lat. Próba została podzielona na grupę badaną (kobiety, które kiedykolwiek skorzystały z usług douli) N=62 i grupę kontrolną (kobiety, które nigdy nie korzystały z asysty douli) N=464. Dane zostały zebrane anonimowo, za pomocą autorskiego kwestionariusza w formie badania on-line. Dobór próby celowy. Wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej. Obliczeniawykonano w programie PQStat (wersja 1.6.6).
Wyniki: Zawód douli i możliwość skorzystania z jej wsparcia w okresie okołoporodowym nie są szeroko rozpoznawane wśród badanych kobiet w Polsce. Wyniki wskazują na konieczność lepszego wsparcia rodzącej, zwłaszcza w zakresie potrzeb informacyjnych, emocjonalnych oraz wsparcia w zakresie niefarmakologicznych metod łagodzenia bólu porodowego. W opinii badanych kobiet, które korzystały z asysty douli, jej wsparcie miało korzystny wpływ na przebieg okresu okołoporodowego.
Wnioski:Wydaje się, że wsparcie douli jako dodatkowa forma opieki na oddziałach położniczych powinna być traktowana bardziej otwarcie. Niezbędna jest również promocja i popularyzacja alternatywnych form wsparcia prenatalnego i poporodowego poprzez kampanie edukacyjne i promocję dedykowanych usług opiekuńczych i wspierających, takich jak usługi douli, w celu zapewnienia lepszej opieki dla kobiet w okresie około porodowym i redukcji czynników stresogennych. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują na potrzebę popularyzowania informacji o istnieniu zawodu douli oraz rozpowszechniania wiedzy o zadaniach i roli douli.
The Effectiveness of Google Classroom Media in Teaching English for Tourism at a Tourism and Business Institute
Authors: Suwastini Ni Komang Arie , Nalantha I Made Drati , Dantes Gede Rasben 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTThe present study examined the effectiveness of Google Classroom media in teaching English for tourism students at a private Tourism and Business Institute in Bali during mandatory online learning in 2020. The study was qualitative research, implementing the QAIT model for evaluating the effectiveness of Google Classroom in teaching English, involving four lecturers and 42 students. The data were collected through observations of the teaching-learning process in two classes and interviews with the lecturers. The researchers were the primary research instrument, supported by interview guides and an observation checklist. In general, the use of Google Classroom in these English for Tourism classes was only sufficiently effective, with only one lecturer performing well, two lecturers performing sufficiently, and one lecturer performing insufficiently. Obstacles identified among the students were lousy internet connection, lack of device, low motivation, and lack of readiness in using the online learning platform. In conclusion, the implementation of Google Classroom in the observed English Classroom was proven to be only sufficient. This conclusion implies the need for more training for teachers in using Google Classroom to improve the quality, appropriateness, incentive, and time-effectiveness of the teaching and learning process, especially in online learning. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengamati efektivitas media Google Classroom dalam pengajaran bahasa Inggris untuk mahasiswa pariwisata di Institut Pariwisata dan Bisnis swasta di Bali selama pembelajaran online wajib tahun 2020. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, mengimplementasikan model QAIT untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas Google Classroom di pengajaran bahasa Inggris, yang melibatkan empat dosen dan 42 mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi proses belajar mengajar di kedua kelas dan wawancara dengan dosen. Peneliti bertindak sebagai instrumen penelitian utama, didukung oleh pedoman wawancara dan daftar periksa observasi. Secara umum penggunaan Google Classroom pada kelas Bahasa Inggris untuk Pariwisata ini baru cukup efektif, dengan hanya satu dosen yang berprestasi baik, dua dosen berprestasi cukup, dan satu dosen dirasa kurang memadai. Kendala yang ditemukan pada siswa adalah koneksi internet yang buruk, kurangnya perangkat, motivasi yang rendah, dan kurangnya kesiapan dalam menggunakan platform pembelajaran online. Kesimpulannya, penerapan Google Classroom di Kelas Bahasa Inggris yang diamati terbukti hanya cukup. Kesimpulan ini menyiratkan perlunya lebih banyak pelatihan bagi guru dalam menggunakan Google Classroom untuk meningkatkan kualitas, kesesuaian, insentif, dan efektivitas waktu proses belajar mengajar, terutama dalam pembelajaran online.
EFL Teachers' Experiences During the Pandemic: Stories From Rural Area in Tungkal Ilir District
Authors: Ahmad Pahrozi , Triastuti Anita 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTThis article explores the implementation of online learning by English teachers in the age of the coronavirus pandemic in the Tungkal Ilir district, West Tanjung Jabung Regency. This article examines two research questions: (1) How do EFL teachers describe their practices and perceptions of online learning during the pandemic, and (2) What challenges EFL teachers face while implementing online learning during the pandemic. In this small-scale qualitative study, three English teachers took part. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather information. The result revealed that teachers in remote areas used social media and digital platforms to carry out their online teaching. On the other hand, these teachers had some issues incorporating online learning. The problems can be divided into two categories: (a) unfamiliarity with the platforms and (b) inability to respond to students quickly. In addition, some suggestions are also given for further researchers to conduct a similar study. ABSTRAKArtikel ini membahas tentang implementasi pembelajaran online oleh guru bahasa Inggris di era pandemi virus corona di kecamatan Tungkal Ilir, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Artikel ini membahas dua pertanyaan penelitian: (1) Bagaimana guru EFL menggambarkan praktik dan persepsi mereka tentang pembelajaran online selama pandemi, dan (2) Apa tantangan yang dihadapi guru EFL saat menerapkan pembelajaran online selama pandemi. Tiga guru Bahasa Inggris diambil sebagai responden dalam studi kualitatif skala kecil ini. Wawancara semi terstruktur digunakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru di daerah terpencil telah menggunakan media sosial dan platform digital untuk melaksanakan pengajaran online mereka. Disisi lain, guru memiliki beberapa masalah dalam penerapan pembelajaran online. Masalah dapat dibagi menjadi dua kategori: (a) ketidaktahuan dengan platform dan (b) ketidakmampuan untuk merespon siswa dengan cepat. Selain itu, beberapa saran juga diberikan bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk melakukan penelitian serupa.
The Reasoning of a Responsible Investment Position in the Structure of the Stock Exchange Market
Authors: Vorontsova Anna , Plastun Alex , Filatova Hanna , Kostenko Elena , Dzhobava Eldar 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To substantiate the place and role of the responsible investment in the structure of the stock exchange market.
Methods: Structure-functional in order to form an idea of the structure of the stock exchange market, determining the place and role of responsible investment elements in the stock market organization; systematic analysis to identify current trends and patterns in the functioning of the socially responsible investment segment by geographical regions of the world; statistical and graphical methods for quantitative and visual presentation of the results of the stock market sectors analysis, represented by responsible investment elements.
Findings: The definition of «responsible investment» and «stock market» has been clarified; a number of subjects, objects and forms of responsible investment, which are elements of the stock market, are singled out and substantiated; the generalization of activities of stock exchanges in the field of responsible investing is carried out; the dynamics of stock market sector indicators, which are represented by elements of responsible investment, are analyzed; key reporting standards used by stock exchanges in disclosing ESG issues are analyzed.
Theoretical Implications: A comprehensive assessment of the functioning of socially responsible investment segment as part of the stock market is carried out, the place and role of responsible investing in the stock market structure are substantiated, which creates a basis for the development of effective measures to increase the stock market efficiency of Ukraine and its transformation into an effective and stable source of investment resources.
Future Research: The results can be used in the context of further study of the stock market transformation in Ukraine on the basis of a socially responsible trajectory and fractal analysis.
Paper Type: Theoretical.

The study was performed within the state budget research «Fractal model of the stock market transformation in Ukraine: socially responsible investment to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals» № 0121U100473.
Istikhdām Kitāb al Nushūs Li Ta’līm al-Qawa’id Wa Atsaruhu Fī Qudrati al-Thulāb ‘Alā Qirāati al-Nushūs al-‘Arabiyyah
Authors: Aziz M. Fauzan , Jamilatussa'diyah Jamilatussa'diyah , Taufiqurrahman Wildan 
Published: December 2021

Pembelajaran qawa>’id merupakan salah satu unsur terpenting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab karena membantu peserta didik untuk dapat menguasai salah satu keterampilan berbahasa Arab yaitu membaca. Dalam mempelajari qawa>’id tentunya membutuhkan buku ajar yang dapat menunjang pembelajaran, salah satunya buku nashri yang telah sejak lama digunakan di Pesantren Darun Nashri Bandung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan buku nahsri pada pembelajaran qawaid terhadap kemampuan santri dalam membaca teks-teks bahasa Arab. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan studi kasus metode deskriptif korelasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini diantaranya, penggunaan buku nashri pada pembelajaran qawaid di Pesantren Darun Nashri Bandung mencapai rata-rata 3,27 (kategori cukup), kemampuan dalam membaca teks arab mencapai rata-rata 76,6 (kategori baik), dan pengaruh penggunaan buku nashri pada pembelajaran qawaid terhadap kemampuan santri dalam membaca teks-teks arab mencapai 30%, itu artinya terdapat faktor lain sebesar 70% yang dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan santri dalam membaca teks arab selain penggunaan buku nashri.
The Effectiveness Of The Iqra’ Wheel Game To Enhance Students’ Arabic Reading Skills At State Islamic Senior High School 1 Malang
Authors: Yanwari Rizki Safitri , Thoyyibah Anisatu , Raziqi M. Ainur 
Published: December 2021

Learning media appears to be a pivotal need for learning programs used to reach out learning objectives. This study aims to find out the application and effectiveness of the Iqra' wheel game to enhance students' Arabic reading skills. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of experiment. The subjects used are language students of tenth grade and 2nd MIPA students of tenth grade with a sample 60 students. Methods used observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used in research is validity test, reliability test, sample t-test and effectiveness test. The research findings showed that is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores. The pre-test score is quite smaller the post-test score of 84.41 < 90.58. The percentage of N-Gain shows 38.23% with a quite effective category. It can be concluded that the iqra wheel game is “quite effective” in improving Arabic reading skills.
LIBRARY BOOK EXCHANGE: HISTORY AND CURRENT STATE
Authors: LUCHKA Lyudmyla M. 
Published: December 2021

Objective. The purpose of the article is to highlight book exchange as an important source of book acquisition process in the libraries of Katerinoslav - Dnipropetrovsk. The object is libraries of different subordination as a system of collection-forming documents. Methods. Analytical-synthetic, system-structural, comparative and statistical methods are used during the research in accordance with the task. Results. The author revealed the peculiarities of book exchange process in the libraries of educational institutions, scientific societies of Katerynoslavshchyna. The exchange of publications with Kyiv, Galician and Lviv institutions is proved to be useful and important. The author retraced process of cooperation of city public libraries on local literature acquisition. Libraries and reading rooms of higher, secondary and lower agricultural educational institutions received professional publications of Katerinoslav societies free of charge. The article gives a picture of the current state of document exchange in the libraries of Dnipropetrovsk region. The constant source of library acquisition is territorial and domestic professional book exchange. Conclusions. Book exchange is an important component of the process of acquisition of high quality stock in Ukrainian libraries. This prprocess was actively carried out by Katerinoslav libraries in the 19th - early 20th centuries. Throughout history the book exchange has proven to be a necessary and useful source of acquisition and high quality service in the implementation of complex reader requests. Document exchange in the 21st century in Dnipropetrovsk region is changing its format (transition to e-resources), but remains an important source in the process of creating high quality collections.