bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Stent Placement in Ostial Coronary Lesions With the Floating Balloon Technique: The OSTIAL (Optimizing Stent In Aorto‐Ostial Lesion) Pivotal Study
Authors: Digne Franck , Darmon Arthur , Belguidoum Salim , Nejjari Mohammed , Feignoux Jacques 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundManaging aorto‐ostial coronary lesions during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) presents significant challenges due to complex anatomy, catheter instability, and risks of stent misplacement.AimsThe OSTIAL pivotal study aimed to assess the feasibility and precision of the floating balloon technique for optimizing stent placement in aorto‐ostial lesions (AOL), with post‐procedural coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) used to evaluate stent positioning.MethodsThis prospective, dual‐center observational study included 12 patients undergoing PCI for AOL using the floating balloon technique. The technique stabilizes the guiding catheter by positioning a balloon in the aorta, thereby defining the aorto‐ostial landing zone (AOLZ) for precise stent placement. Post‐procedural CCTA were systematically performed to assess the positioning of the stent. The primary outcome was technical success including optimal stent placement within the AOLZ and proximal anatomy‐dependent geographic miss.ResultsThe primary outcome was achieved in 83% of cases, with 66% showing complete AOLZ coverage and 17% classified as a proximal anatomy‐dependent geographic miss. Proximal procedure‐dependent geographic miss occurred in only 17% of cases, with limited stent protrusion into the aorta (2.3 and 2.9 mm).ConclusionsThe floating balloon technique demonstrated feasibility and precision in optimizing stent placement in AOL, as assessed by CCTA. It offers a promising, cost‐effective, and practical alternative to other techniques. Larger studies are required to confirm its efficacy and long‐term benefits.
Capital Structure Decisions and Zombie Firms in India
Authors: Rai Asha K. , Sharma Ruchi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study explores the impact of Indian non‐financial firms' capital structure on corporate zombification. The study uses a logit model, with the capital structure mix as a covariate, to determine the likelihood of a firm becoming a zombie. Panel data from 1999 to 2020 for all non‐financial firms were utilised to examine the effect of debt capital on the probability of corporate zombification. The findings reveal that increased debt‐to‐equity financing raises the risk of default. However, the study underscores the importance of maintaining an optimal debt level and conscious capital structure decision‐making by managers that support relevant capital structure theories. Going overboard with debt capital erodes its benefits. Debt financing is associated with an unequal distribution of information and financial commitments. To a certain extent, the conclusions of the present study could guide firm managers to make informed decisions related to capital structure and adjust the intensity and direction of a firm turning into a zombie. By providing practical insights, the study empowers managers to make strategic decisions that can potentially prevent their firms from becoming zombies. The study will further enrich the literature, focusing on the factors responsible for a firm turning into a zombie.
Cachexia Alters Central Nervous System Morphology and Functionality in Cancer Patients
Authors: Simoes Estefania , Uchida Ricardo , Nucci Mariana P. , Duran Fabio L. S. , Lima Joanna D. C. C. , Gama Leonardo R. , Costa Naomi A. , Otaduy Maria C. G. , Bin Fang C. , Otoch Jose P. , Alcantara Paulo , Ramos Alexandre , Laviano Alessandro , Diaz Mauricio Berriel , Esiri Margaret M. , DeLuca Gabriele C. , Herzig Stephan , Filho Geraldo Busatto , Seelaender Marilia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCachexia is a clinically challenging multifactorial and multi‐organ syndrome, associated with poor outcome in cancer patients, and characterised by inflammation, wasting and loss of appetite. The syndrome leads to central nervous system (CNS) function dysregulation and to neuroinflammation; nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in human cachexia remain unclear.MethodsWe used in vivo structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (Cohort 1), as well as postmortem neuropathological analyses (Cohort 2) in cachectic cancer (CC) patients compared to weight stable cancer (WSC) patients. Cohort 1 included treatment‐naïve adults diagnosed with colorectal cancer, further divided into WSC (n = 12; 6/6 [male/female], 61.3 ± 3.89 years) and CC (n = 10; 6/4, 63.0 ± 2.74 years). Cohort 2 was composed by human postmortem cases where gastrointestinal carcinoma was the underlying cause of death (WSC n = 6; 3/3, 82.7 ± 3.33 years and CC n = 10; 5/5, 84.2 ± 2.28 years).ResultsHere we demonstrate that the CNS of CC patients presents regional structural differences within the grey matter (GM). Cachectic patients presented an augmented area within the region of the orbitofrontal cortex, olfactory tract and the gyrus rectus (coordinates X, Y, Z = 6, 20,−24; 311 voxels; pFWE = 0.023); increased caudate and putamen volume (−10, 20, −8; 110 voxel; pFWE = 0.005); and reduced GM in superior temporal gyrus and rolandic operculum (56,0,2; 156 voxels; pFWE = 0.010). Disrupted functional connectivity was found in several regions such as the salience network, subcortical and temporal cortical areas of cachectic patients (20 decreased and 5 increased regions connectivity pattern, pFDR < 0.05). Postmortem neuropathological analyses identified abnormal neuronal morphology and density, increased microglia/macrophage burden, astrocyte profile disruption and mTOR pathway related neuroinflammation (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur results indicate that cachexia compromises CNS morphology mostly causing changes in the GM of cachectic patients, leading to alterations in regional volume patterns, functional connectivity, neuronal morphology, neuroglia profile and inducing neuroinflammation, all of which may contribute to the loss of homeostasis control and to deficient information processing, as well as to the metabolic and behavioural derangements commonly observed in human cachexia. This first human mapping of CNS cachexia responses will now pave the way to mechanistically interrogate these pathways in terms of their therapeutic potential.
Pathophysiology of Urethral Instability: Dysfunction of Smooth Urethral Musculature
Authors: Venema Pieter L. , Elzevier Hendrik W. , van Koeveringe Gommert A. , Kramer Augustinus E. , Kummeling Maxime T. M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimsThe aim of this study is to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of urethral instability by analyzing and comparing cystometric data from a female individual with urethral instability and another with normal micturition.MethodsData were collected from a previous study measuring urethral pressure at three distinct points within the urethra, along with continuous needle electromyography (EMG) recordings of the external striated urethral sphincter. A comprehensive literature review on the function of different urethral muscle groups was also conducted to support the findings.ResultsThe findings suggest that urethral instability primarily results from a loss of smooth muscle closure function. This condition is triggered by the interaction of pre‐existing high urethral tension and low‐level vesical afferent firing at the onset of bladder filling, causing relaxation of the urethral smooth musculature and impaired closure function of the urethra. The subsequent entry of fluid into the proximal urethra induces reflex contractions of the external sphincter, in an attempt to close the urethra and prevent urine loss and manifests as urethral instability. Compared to normal micturition, which shows a gradual decline in urethral pressure, the subject with instability exhibited rapid fluctuations in urethral pressure and EMG activity.ConclusionsThis study highlights the role of smooth urethral musculature in maintaining urethral closure function during bladder filling. Therapeutic approaches should focus on reducing basal urethral tension to preserve smooth muscle closure function during bladder filling. Future research may explore pharmacological interventions, particularly adrenergic beta‐3 receptor agonists or alpha blockers, as potential treatments for urethral instability.
Practice Patterns of Surgeons Seeking Board Certification in Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery
Authors: Plaska Samuel W. , Maymi‐Castrodad Patricia , Gracely Alyssa , Daignault‐Newton Stephanie , Clemens J. Quentin , Ippolito Giulia M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPhysician shortages are expected to worsen, especially in subspecialties like Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery (URPS). To meet increasing demand, our study compares clinic visits and surgeries/procedures in URPS by reviewing clinical logs to understand practice pattern nuances.MethodsURPS clinical logs from 2013 to 2021 were obtained from the American Board of Urology. Encounters were organized into URPS diagnostic groups, and the proportion of clinic visits to corresponding procedures was calculated. Multilevel mixed‐effects logistic regression evaluated variability between surgeons, accounting for surgeon gender, age, certification status, and patient age.ResultsThree hundred seventy URPS urologists submitted 383 424 clinic and 323 929 procedural encounters, with 49% being URPS‐related. Urinary incontinence (UI) was the most common URPS‐diagnosis. The overall proportion of clinic visit encounters to procedural/surgical encounters was 3.9:1, ranging from 1.5:1 to 111:1, depending on the diagnosis. The proportion decreases to 1.1:1 when diagnostic procedures are included in surgeries. Multilevel regression identified that 14% of the variance in our proportion was explained by variation between physicians' practice (interclass correlation, clustering of patients under a physician). In regression models we found that female surgeons had greater than 20% increased odds of evaluating patients in the clinic (vs. procedure) for the diagnoses of overactive bladder (OAB; OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.09−1.48, p = 0.002), stress UI (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.07−1.56, p = 0.008), UI (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.15−1.54, p < 0.001), and pelvic organ prolapse (POP; OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.56−2.41, p < 0.001).ConclusionUrologists applying for URPS certification perform 3.9 clinic visits for every 1 surgery, and 1.1:1 clinic visits for every procedure. We found variation was attributed to clustering under physicians (practice patterns) but also found physician gender to influence the odds of performing surgeries with women surgeons seeing more clinic patients and performing less surgeries for OAB, UI, and POP. Taken together our findings show that clinic encounters and diagnostic procedures represent a substantial portion of URPS practice.Clinical TrialsThis article is not presenting data from a clinical trial nor does it use human subjects. The data set is a deidentified retrospective log of cases.
Health Literacy and Self‐Efficacy in Parents of Toddlers—A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Søreide Ragnhild Makhotso Egenberg , Larsen Marie Hamilton , Wahl Astrid Klopstad , Tschamper Merete Kristin , Urstad Kristin Hjorthaug 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimYoung children depend on their parents to develop in a positive and healthy way. For parents to promote and maintain good health for their children, parent's level of health literacy and self‐efficacy is important. The aim of this study was to explore health literacy in parents of toddlers and investigated the associations between parental health literacy and self‐efficacy.DesignThe study utilised a quantitative cross‐sectional design.MethodParents (N = 76) with children between the ages of 6 weeks and 12 months were recruited from a public health centre in Norway. Multidimensional health literacy was measured using the Health Literacy Questionnaire–Parent version while self‐efficacy was measured using the General Self‐Efficacy Scale. The health literacy domains are presented by descriptive analysis. The associations among health literacy domains, demographic variables and self‐efficacy were analysed using bivariate correlations and non‐parametric tests.ResultsHealth literacy scores were overall high, and self‐efficacy was positively associated with all nine health literacy dimensions. The highest score of health literacy was found for the feel that healthcare providers understand and support my child's situation dimension (median 3.8 with interquartile range 3.3–4.0). The lowest scores of health literacy were found for the appraisal of health information dimension (median 3.2 with interquartile range 3.0–3.8). Self‐efficacy had a score of median 3.5 with interquartile range 3.2–3.7.ConclusionThe parents of toddlers in this study had high parental health literacy and self‐efficacy. Self‐efficacy was positively associated with all nine health literacy constructs. Future research should include multiple measure points to assess the dynamic variation on both parental health literacy, self‐efficacy and demographic variables.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Skills and Competencies Needed to Use the Smart Technologies for Industry 4.0
Authors: Crețu Raluca‐Florentina , Țuțui Daniela , Banța Viorel‐Costin , Șerban Elena Claudia , Barna Laura‐Eugenia‐Lavinia , Crețu Romeo‐Cătălin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe European Parliament has declared 2023 as the European Year of Skills, which will give new impetus to lifelong learning. In this way, both citizens and economic entities will contribute to the green and digital transition, supporting innovation, creativity and competitiveness, in a world governed by the impulse of artificial intelligence. The objectives of the article consist in redefining the skills required on the labour market, in the context of the 4th Industrial Revolution and the consequences of the implementation of the AI system in economic and business education. In order to achieve these objectives, the authors used mixed research. Data were collected for 27 countries and 13 indicators, in the period of 2015–2021, from the database of the CEDEFOP and were processed with PASW (quantitative research). Qualitative research in the design science of the automation of repetitive processes within economic processes, specifically the economic process of managing special orders, used the experiment as a working tool. The research results indicate certain correlations between various indicators, which will impose a series of changes in the academic environment in terms of adapting disciplines to new requirements, in order to insert new knowledge related to the understanding and use of intelligent technologies.
IRMA: Machine learning-based harmonization of $$^{18}$$F-FDG PET brain scans in multi-center studies
Authors: Lövdal S.S. , van Veen R. , Carli G. , Renken R. J. , Shiner T. , Bregman N. , Orad R. , Arnaldi D. , Orso B. , Morbelli S. , Mattioli P. , Leenders K. L. , Dierckx R. , Meles S. K. , Biehl M. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Center-specific effects in PET brain scans arise due to differences in technical and procedural aspects. This restricts the merging of data between centers and introduces source-specific bias.

Methods
We demonstrate the use of the recently proposed machine learning method Iterated Relevance Matrix Analysis (IRMA) for harmonization of center-specific effects in brain

$$^{18}$$

18

F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (

$$^{18}$$

18

F-FDG) PET scans. The center difference is learned by applying IRMA on PCA-based feature vectors of healthy controls (HC), resulting in a subspace

$$\varvec{V}$$

V

, representing information not comparable between centers, and the remaining subspace

$$\varvec{U}$$

U

, where no center differences are present. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the properties of the method using data from four centers. After center-harmonization, a Generalized Matrix Learning Vector Quantization (GMLVQ) model was trained to discriminate between Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Results
At the initial IRMA iteration, the system was able to determine the center origin of the four HC cohorts almost perfectly. The method required six iterations, corresponding to a six-dimensional subspace

$$\varvec{V}$$

V

, to determine the entire center difference. An uncorrected disease classification model was highly biased to center-specific effects, creating a falsely inflated performance when applying internal (cross-) validation. The cross-validation performance of the center-harmonized model remained high, while it generalized significantly better to unseen test cohorts. Furthermore, the framework is highly transparent, providing analytic reconstructions of the correction and visualizations of the data in voxel space.

Conclusion
IRMA can be used to learn and disregard center-specific information in features extracted from brain

$$^{18}$$

18

F-FDG PET scans, while retaining disease-specific information.
Wissen, Lehrumfang und Stereotype bezüglich Psychosen bei Psychotherapeut:innen in Ausbildung
Authors: Petzold Moritz Bruno , Chaurois Morgane , Bröcker Anna-Lena , Betzler Felix , Ströhle Andreas , Bendau Antonia 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Psychotherapie bei Menschen mit Psychosen galt lange als kontraindiziert. In der heutigen Zeit empfehlen Leitlinien und die Psychotherapierichtlinie die Psychotherapie in allen Behandlungsphasen. Studien zeigen, dass diese neuen Erkenntnisse nur langsam in die Praxis gelangen und eine große Versorgungslücke in diesem Bereich besteht.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, was Psychologische Psychotherapeut:innen in Ausbildung über Psychotherapie bei Psychosen wissen, wie viel Lehre sie dazu erhalten, wie gut sie sich auf die Behandlung von Menschen mit einer Psychose vorbereitet fühlen, und welche Stereotype bestehen.

Material und Methoden
Es handelt sich um eine querschnittliche Studie mit einer Gelegenheitsstichprobe von 235 Psychotherapeut:innen in Ausbildung, die mittels Online-Fragebogen untersucht wurden.

Ergebnisse
Nur etwa 40 % der Befragten gaben an, in ihrer Ausbildung konkrete Inhalte einer Psychotherapie bei Menschen mit Psychose vermittelt bekommen zu haben. Im Vergleich zu anderen Störungsbildern fühlten sie sich weniger gut auf die Behandlung von Menschen mit einer Psychosen vorbereitet. Über 70 % der Teilnehmenden äußerten den Wunsch, in der Ausbildung mehr Inhalte vermittelt zu bekommen. Selbstberichtete Stereotype bezüglich Psychosen waren in der Stichprobe sehr niedrig ausgeprägt.

Diskussion
Wenngleich alte Stereotype bezüglich Psychosen bei Psychotherapeut:innen in Ausbildung kaum vorhanden scheinen und ein großes Interesse an Psychosenpsychotherapie besteht, zeigt sich ein deutlicher Verbesserungsbedarf bei der Vermittlung von Wissen und Kompetenzen für die Behandlung von Menschen mit Psychosen in der psychotherapeutischen Ausbildung.
Convective stability of the critical waves of an FKPP-type model for self-organized growth
Authors: Kreten Florian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We construct the traveling wave solutions of an FKPP growth process of two densities of particles, and prove that the critical traveling waves are locally stable in a space where the perturbations can grow exponentially at the back of the wave. The considered reaction–diffusion system was introduced by Hannezo et al. (Cell 171(1):242–255, 2017) in the context of branching morphogenesis: active, branching particles accumulate inactive particles, which do not react. Thus, the system features a continuum of steady state solutions, complicating the analysis. We adopt a result by Faye and Holzer (J Differ Equ 269(9):6559–6601, 2020) for proving the stability of the critical traveling waves, and modify the semi-group estimates to spaces with unbounded weights. We use a Feynman–Kac formula to get an exponential a priori estimate for the tail of the PDE, a novel and simple approach.
Global Bifurcations Organizing Weak Chimeras in Three Symmetrically Coupled Kuramoto Oscillators with Inertia
Authors: Ashwin Peter , Bick Christian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Frequency desynchronized attractors cannot appear in identically coupled symmetric phase oscillators because “overtaking" of phases cannot occur. This restriction no longer applies for more general identically coupled oscillators. Hence, it is interesting to understand precisely how frequency synchrony is lost and how invariant sets such as attracting weak chimeras are generated at torus breakup, where the phase description breaks down. Maistrenko et al (2016) found numerical evidence of an organizing center for weak chimeras in a system of

$$N=3$$

N
=
3

coupled identical Kuramoto oscillators with inertia. This paper identifies this organizing center and shows that it corresponds to a particular type of non-transverse heteroclinic bifurcation that is generic in the context of symmetry. At this codimension two bifurcation there is a splitting of connecting orbits between the in-phase (fully synchronized) state. This generates a wide variety of associated bifurcations to weak chimeras. We further highlight a second organizing center associated with a codimension two symmetry-breaking heteroclinic connection.
Darkening of metal surfaces by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation
Authors: Hopp Béla , Mándity Lídia , Homik Zsolt , Sámi Márton , Gera Tamás , Kopniczky Judit , Budai Judit , Kondász Bence , Szamosvölgyi Ákos , Ajtai Tibor , Hodovány Szabolcs , Smausz Tamás 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We applied nanosecond pulsed laser ablation to reduce the reflectivity of metal surfaces. The change in reflectivity was studied at different laser scanning pitches (i.e., pulse number densities) and the trends obtained were correlated with the morphological and compositional changes induced by the ablation. In the case of copper, we found that it wasn’t the laser etching itself that caused the darkening of the surface, but rather the nanoclusters and nanoparticles produced in the cooling ablation plume as they fell back onto the surface. Our model calculations confirmed the role of micro- and nanostructures and the presence of copper oxides in reducing the reflectivity of ablated copper.
Risk factors for blood transfusion in patients undergoing hysterectomy for stage I endometrial cancer
Authors: Yousif Abdelrahman , Mohamed Hatem S. , Woodham Anna , Elchouemi Mohanad , Chefetz IIana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To highlight the risk factors contributing to blood transfusion among patients undergoing surgical intervention for Stage I Endometrial Cancer (EC).

Method
Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, a nationally validated database dedicated to improving surgical care, females over the age of 18 who underwent surgery for EC stage I between the years 2016–2022 were queried. The cohort was then characterized based on those who received blood transfusion 72 h postoperatively.

Results
27,183 patients with endometrial cancer who received surgical management were identified. 668 (2.5%) of those patients received blood transfusions. A multivariate logistic model found that a medical factor low preoperative Hct % (aOR 22.4, 95% CI[17.7, 28.3]; p < 0.001) and surgical factors such as 180 min or more of operative time (aOR 3.38, 95% CI[2.77, 4.14]; p < 0.001), larger uteri of 250–500 g (aOR 1.93, 95% CI[1.48, 2.49]; p < 0.001) and ≥ 500 g (aOR 2.35, 95% CI[1.77, 3.12]; p < 0.001), and abdominal approach compared to laparoscopic (aOR 6.36,95% CI[4.95, 8.18]; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with receiving blood transfusion.

Conclusion
Many significant risk factors were found to be associated with blood transfusions in patients with Stage I endometrial cancer. These findings allow surgeons to proactively prepare adequate measures for patients who may require blood transfusions when they undergo surgery for endometrial cancer.