bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formula characteristics and physical stability test in glutathione cream
Authors: Amandita Tiara Amanna , Hariani Lynda , Nata’atmadja Beta Subakti 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Glutathione is an antioxidant that can minimize the effects of oxidative stress by increasing intracellular glutathione and accelerate wound healing by increasing the contraction capacity of fibroblasts. Research development with topical application, especially cream, allows concentration adjustments to improve wound healing more effectively.
Method: This research method is a true experimental research using pre-post test without control group design. The glutathione cream formula was replicated 3 times, then cycling test was carried out with duration of storage period for 12 days, then observed the organoleptic, pH test, spreadability, emulsion type and viscosity cream.
Result: Organoleptical observations of Glutathione cream before and after the cycling test were the same. pH test results with p 0.004 <0.05, which means there is difference between the pH before and after the cycling test. The viscosity test with p 0.005 <0.05 shows an average difference between viscosity before and after the cycling test. There was no significant difference between the spreadability of Glutathione cream before and after the cycling test with p 0.423 > 0.05.
Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is the characteristics of Glutathione cream after the cycling test obtained a semi-solid texture, bone-white color, and a distinctive smell of cream and distributed homogeneous, the pH of the cream decreases, which becomes acidic 4.070 ± 0.070, and the results of the spreadability of the cream did not find significant differences before and after the cycling test, and after the centrifuge test obtained a stable cream formula, no phase separation. There was no difference between the emulsion type of Glutathione cream before and after the cycling test, with the emulsion type is o/w, from the test results it can be concluded that the cream is stable.
Microbiological characteristics and outcomes of neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Ratna Deni Widya , Mertaniasih Ni Made , Etika Risa , Endraswari Pepy Dwi , Setiabudi Rebekah Juniati 
Published: January 2025

Background: Blood stream infection (BSI) and ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) are the two most common acquired infections in ventilated neonates. There were not many studies correlating microbiological findings in blood culture and endotracheal aspirate culture (EAC) with the occurrence of VAP and its outcome. This study aims to analyze correlation between BSI and EAC findings with occurrence of VAP and its outcome.
Methods: Case control study was conducted to neonate that mechanically ventilated more than 2 days, in which blood culture and EAC were available, from January 2020 to December 2021, in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. Analysis was conducted between pathogen type, polymicrobial, previous BSI with the occurrence of VAP and its clinical outcomes such as duration of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) treatment, duration of hospital stay, total ventilation duration and mortality. Univariate analysis conducted by Chi Square and the correlation was significant if p value<0.05.
Results: Study subjects were 88 neonates, consisting of 44 VAP cases and 44 non-VAP controls. Most common pathogen in blood culture and EAC was Gram-negative, dominated by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Pathogen type, polymicrobial, BSI were not correlated with VAP and its outcomes. Polymicrobial only correlated with duration of hospital stay (p=0.009). Duration of NICU treatment was correlated with VAP (p=0.011). There was no correlation between total ventilation duration, duration of hospital stays with VAP and mortality.
Conclusion: There was no correlation between pathogen type, BSI with incidence of VAP and its outcome. Longer duration of hospital stay was correlated with polymicrobial finding. Ventilator associated pneumonia caused a longer duration of NICU treatment.
Histopathological correlation of ABO blood type antigen expression in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Rusdan , Kusuma Ihwan , Cangara Muhammad Husni , Hendarto Joko 
Published: January 2025

Background: Early detection of colorectal cancer is crucial to diminish its mortality rate. The ABO blood group antigen is identified as a factor that has a positive association with the onset of colorectal cancer. Despite recognizing the ABO antigen as a potential oncogene related to cancer, its use as a diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer has not been extensively researched in Indonesia. This research aims to examine the association between the presence of ABO blood type group antigens and patients with colorectal conditions.
Methods: The study was conducted with a cross-sectional study of eligible colorectal cancer patients in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar. The ABO blood type group antigens in colorectal cancer patients were assessed using the immunohistochemical technique that utilizes the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. The results, represented by stained cells, were evaluated under a light microscope within the observed field. For comparison, regular colon tissue served as a control. The statistical analysis used the Gamma & Somers' D correlation and the Wilcoxon test for comparison.
Results: Out of the 50 participants, the majority were female (54%), aged between 56 and 65 years (40%), diagnosed at clinical stage II (40%), had a moderate histopathological grade (62%), and belonged to blood type A (50%). In both the control and tumor groups, a significant statistical correlation was not observed between factors such as gender, age, colorectal cancer stage, histopathological grading, and the levels of ABO blood group antigens expression in colorectal tissue (all p > 0.05). However, a significant disparity in ABO blood type antigen expression was observed between normal and colorectal tumor tissues (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusion: The manifestation of ABO blood type group antigens in colorectal tissue may serve as an indicator of a malignancy.
The relationship between sebum levels and the microbiome on facial skin
Authors: Siahaan Ade Gustina , Jusuf Nelva Karmila , Putra Imam Budi 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/FN5enZ3VrZQ

Introduction: Sebum is a mixture of nonpolar lipids largely synthesized de novo by the sebaceous glands. Sebum plays a crucial role in maintaining skin moisture and providing nutrients for microorganisms residing on the skin. The skin microbiome is a collection of microorganisms that help prevent the invasion of pathogens. The interaction between the host and the microbiome on the skin is a dynamic relationship. Understanding the composition and characteristics of the microbiome on facial skin is an important factor in comprehending facial skin health and developing care plans. Research to determine the relationship between sebum levels and the microbiome on facial skin has never been conducted in Indonesia, particularly in North Sumatra. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sebum levels and the microbiome on facial skin.
Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach involving 50 research subjects. Sebum levels were measured using a sebumeter in 5 facial areas. Microbiome identification was performed by aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture on growth media, followed by identification using the Vitek® 2 system. The data were analyzed using the Independent T-test.
Results: This study found that the average age of the subjects was 34.62 years. There were more female subjects (72%) than male subjects (28%). The average sebum level was 90.46±18.38%. The most abundant aerobic bacteria are Staphylococcus sp. and Micrococcus sp. The most abundant anaerobic bacteria are Actinomyces naeslundii and C. acnes. There is a significant difference in sebum levels between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (p=0.004).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between sebum levels and the microbiome on facial skin.
PERBANDINGAN NEBULISASI PREOPERASI LIDOKAIN DENGAN KOMBINASI LIDOKAIN DAN BUDESONID TERHADAP SKALA NYERI TENGGOROK PASCAOPERASI AKIBAT INTUBASI ENDOTRAKEAL PADA PASIEN YANG DILAKUKAN ANESTESI UMUM
Authors: Arifin Ilman Hakim , Rismawan Budiana , Zulfariansyah Ardi 
Published: January 2025

Komplikasi intubasi dengan pipa endotrakeal (ETT) yang paling sering adalah nyeri tenggorok pascaoperasi/postoperative sore throat (POST). Insidensi POST berkisar 14,4%−50%. Penggunaan metode farmakologi terbukti menurunkan angka kejadian POST melalui efek analgesia dan anti-inflamasi. Salah satu obat yang sering digunakan untuk pencegahan POST adalah nebulisasi lidokain. Nebulisasi steroid juga efektif karena dapat mengurangi inflamasi, edema, transudasi cairan, dan juga derajat nyeri. Penelitian ini membandingkan antara nebulisasi preoperasi dengan lidokain dan nebulisasi preoperasi dengan lidokain dengan budesonide. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung antara bulan Oktober–Desember 2023 yang menggunakan analitik komparatif eksperimental, dengan rancangan double blind randomized controlled trial terhadap dua kelompok penelitian. pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann Whitney dan normalitas data menggunakan Uji Shapiro wilk. Hasil penelitian karakteristik umum subjek penelitian didapatkan data terdistribusi normal. Pada Jam ke-1, 2, 4 didapatkan skala nyeri tenggorokan antara kelompok lidokain dan lidokain+budesonide p>0,05 atau tidak signifikan, pada jam ke-6, 12, 24 skala nyeri tenggorokan antara kelompok lidokain dan lidokain+budesonide p<0,05 atau signifikan. Simpulan yang didapatkan adalah skala nyeri tenggorok pascaoperasi pada pemberian nebulisasi lidokain dan budesonid preoperasi lebih kecil dibanding dengan nebulisasi lidokain saja.
Web-Based Expert System for Eye Disease Diagnosis Using Certainty Factor Method
Authors: Priyambadha Adimas , Eviyanti Ade 
Published: January 2025

General background Eye diseases are a significant health issue and often go undiagnosed accurately. Specific background With advancements in technology, web-based expert systems offer solutions for more efficient and accurate diagnosis. Knowledge gap However, there are still limitations in the application of systematic diagnostic methods in the context of eye diseases. Aims This research aims to develop an expert system that can diagnose eye diseases using the Certainty Factor method. Results The designed system successfully identified the symptoms of eye diseases with a high accuracy percentage, providing relevant diagnosis results based on user input. Novelty This study introduces the use of the Certainty Factor method in an expert system specifically for eye diseases, which has not been widely applied before. Implications These findings are expected to help raise public awareness about eye health and encourage users to consult with specialists after receiving results from the expert system. Thus, this system not only functions as a diagnostic tool but also serves as an educational medium for users.
Highlights:

Development of an expert system for diagnosing eye diseases using the Certainty Factor method.
The system demonstrates high accuracy in identifying symptoms based on user input.
Provides an educational platform to raise awareness about eye health among users.

Keywords: Expert system, Eye Disease, Certainty Factor, Web-Based Application, Diagnosis
Toxicity of White Turi Stem Bark Extract on Mice
Authors: Amalia Anisatus Shalihah , Rohmah Jamilatur 
Published: January 2025

General background the use of traditional medicinal plants has gained attention due to their potential therapeutic benefits and safety. Specific background among these, Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers., commonly known as white turi, is recognized for its various bioactive compounds. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the toxicity of its stem bark extract, particularly concerning its effects on vital organs such as the kidneys. Aims this study aims to evaluate the toxicity of white turi stem bark extract on mice by determining the LD50 and assessing kidney health through biochemical parameters such as Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels.The results indicate no significant toxic symptoms or mortality in the treated mice, with macroscopic kidney observations showing reddish-brown coloration and a consistent texture resembling red kidney beans.Novelty this study provides novel insights into the safety profile of Sesbania grandiflora stem bark extract, suggesting that it does not pose significant renal toxicity. Implications these findings support its traditional use while encouraging further research into its pharmacological properties.
Highlights:

No significant toxic symptoms observed in treated mice.
Macroscopic kidney analysis indicated no severe damage.
Statistical results confirmed no renal toxicity at various extract doses.

Keywords: Sesbania Grandiflora, Toxicity, LD50, Kidneys, Mice
Nursing Students' Knowledge Regarding Epilepsy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yunus Tadamoun Sabah 
Published: January 2025

Background: neurological disorders that impact millions of people globally. Epilepsy, which affects people of all ages and backgrounds, is characterized by frequent, spontaneous seizures. Objectives: This study aims to assess the knowledge of epilepsy among nursing students. And to determine the relationship between nursing student knowledge and socio-demographic features (age, gender, type of study, stage, address, and marital status). Methodology: 150 participants from the University of Basrah's College of Nursing participated in a descriptive cross-sectional study that included morning and evening studies as well as second, third, and fourth stage students. The research began on November 24, 2023, and ended on March 22, 2024. Data was gathered via a questionnaire with closed-ended questions. A panel of nine experts evaluated the instrument (questionnaire) to establish its content validity, and Cronbach's Alpha was used to gauge the questionnaire's reliability. SPSS version 26 was used for the analysis, and the data was presented using the Chi-Square test, frequency, percentage, mean score, and standard deviation. Results: This study showed that (82%) of nursing students had good knowledge regarding epilepsy, (18%) of them had poor knowledge. Students had poor knowledge of life modification for epilepsy (56%). Students had poor knowledge of the definition of status epilepticus (58.67%) female students had better knowledge than male students in which (76%) of them had good knowledge while males had (24%) good knowledge. Conclusion: The current study found that nursing students know epilepsy well
Highlights:

Analyzed cash flow statements and capital investment reflections.
Developed recommendations for reporting capital investments.
Examined international practices on long-term asset reporting.

Keywords: Nursing Students, Knowledge, Epilepsy
Teachers’ Knowledge Regarding First Aids: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hussein Wathiq Faraon 
Published: January 2025

Background: In the Chain of Survival, proficiency in first aid is crucial, especially in large gatherings like schools where emergency health crises are more likely. Objective: This study's principal goals were to investigate primary school teachers' first aid knowledge and identify any correlations between their level of knowledge and the study's factors. Methods: In Basrah City, ten primary schools took part in a descriptive cross-sectional survey. This study was carried out between September 1, 2021, and the end of April 2022 in order to assess the teacher's first aid expertise. A chance (random) sample of 161 male and female educators from the ten schools was selected for the study. A closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data. There are three portions to the survey. Six questions on the teachers' sociodemographic characteristics are asked in the first segment, and twelve questions concerning their acquaintance with the school's ambulance and first aid equipment are asked in the second section. The final component of the questionnaire asks 26 questions about the teachers' first aid knowledge. The data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20. Results: 10.6% are chemists, 26.1% are biologists, 14.9% have physical training, 19.3% are social scientists, 13% are English speakers, 16.1% speak Arabic, and 19.3% are social scientists. 51.4% had been employed for 5–10 years, 35.4% for 11–25 years, and 11.2% for over 26 years. Conclusion: revealed how well-informed the teachers were on first aid cabinets and ambulances, as evidenced by the fact that the mean scores for all items were more than 2.
Highlights:

Teachers' first aid knowledge is crucial in emergency situations.Cross-sectional survey of 161 teachers using questionnaires.Teachers demonstrated moderate knowledge of first aid and equipment.

Keywords: Teachers, Knowledge, First Aids
Monetary Policy Challenges and Central Bank Independence in Uzbekistan’s Inflation Targeting Transition
Authors: Ganieva Umida Abdugaffarovna 
Published: January 2025

This article examines second language learning ability by analyzing second language development. It also examines the age factor in learning a language other than the mother tongue and attempts to clarify whether there is currently sufficient evidence to show that young people undergo real changes in their language skills.. Research such as inspiration for the learning climate, as well as exposure and behavior in the language will also be addressed and data analyzed to assess if they play an essential role in encouraging students to achieve effective second language skills. It was widely known to create a big improvement in language learning when you are young to study a second language. However, the findings show that this is not completely applicable in all situations, provided that other considerations such as language sensitivity and enthusiasm influence the effective accomplishment of second-language learning. If vocabulary is lacking, therefore this could discourage students from studying the language effectively. However, it is worth noting that factors such as motivation and exposure play a more important role in the learning stage than the aging factor. This empowers the learner because, regardless of his age, it is extremely important for him to be motivated enough and have enough language exposure from the beginning.
Highlights:

Analyzes second language development and age factor in language learning.
Highlights motivation, exposure, and behavior's impact on effective language skills.
Motivation and exposure outweigh age in successful second-language acquisition.

Keywords: Uzbekistan, Inflation Targeting, Monetary Policy, Central Bank Independence, Monetary Policy Transmission, Financial System Health
Mapping the Evolution of Agriculture 4.0: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends
Authors: Barman Bikram , Singh Rashmi , Padaria Rabindra Nath , Quader Sk Wasaful , Das Abhijit , Nath Rajat Kumar , Ghosh Bhaskar , Munshi Sahin Aktar , Sultana Sohana , N Meghana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The term "agriculture 4.0" refers to integrating artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things and advanced robotics into agriculture. The field of Agriculture 4.0 research has seen a surge in attention as sustainable agriculture has gained more prominence. This study concentrated on conducting a bibliometric analysis of Agriculture 4.0 and its growth. The Dimensions.ai data used in the study was produced using the search terms “Agriculture 4.0," "Smart Farming," "Farming 4.0," and "Digital Agriculture.” A comprehensive dataset consisting of 1,458 relevant documents has been identified, retrieved, and compiled into a CSV format for further analysis. The retrieved data was visualized and analyzed using suitable software. It was that the information and computing sciences field had the maximum number of publications on Agriculture 4.0 (1,015), followed by Agriculture, veterinary and food science (487). The majority of articles (1,074) addressed Sustainable Development Goal 2, which has hunger as its main focus. Based on co-authorship analysis, India, China, and the USA emerged as the leading nations both in impact and research volume, with other countries clustering around them. The University of Guelph, Wageningen University and Research and Anna University were the three organisations with respectively the most impact in terms of total citations. According to the sources' citation analyses, readers were more influenced by the "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture" publication when it came to Agriculture 4.0 research. The Agriculture 4.0 research involves many stakeholders; thus, a broad multidisciplinary approach is necessary. Hence, to solve the issue of Agriculture 4.0, multidisciplinary researchers ought to collaborate rather than act alone.
A Quantum Walk Comb Source at Telecommunication Wavelengths
Authors: marzban Bahareh , Miller Lucius , Dikopoltsev Alexander , Bertrand Mathieu , Scalari Giacomo , Faist Jérôme 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

We demonstrate a quantum walk comb in synthetic frequency space formed by externally modulating a semiconductor optical amplifier operating in the telecommunication wavelength range in a unidirectional ring cavity. The ultrafast gain saturation dynamics of the gain medium and its operation at high current injections is responsible for the stabilization of the comb in a broad frequency modulated state. Our device produces a nearly flat broadband comb with a tunable repetition frequency reaching a bandwidth of 1.8THz at the fundamental repetition rate of 1GHz while remaining fully locked to the RF drive. Comb operation at harmonics of the repetition rate up to 14.1GHz is also demonstrated. This approach paves the way for next-generation optical frequency comb devices with potential applications in precision ranging and high-speed communications.
WITHDRAWN: Gas Recycling Optimization in Gas Condensate Reservoirs Using 3D Compositional Modeling
Authors: Kasem Mohamed Raafat , Khattab Hamid Mohamed , Wahba Ali Moustafa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.