bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Mastiha supplementation on NAFLD: The MAST4HEALTH Randomised, Controlled Trial
Authors: Amerikanou Charalampia , Kanoni Stavroula , Kaliora Andriana C. , Barone Angela , Bjelan Mladen , D'Auria Giuseppe , Gioxari Aristea , Gosalbes María José , Mouchti Sofia , Stathopoulou Maria G. , Soriano Beatriz , Stojanoski Stefan , Banerjee Rajarshi , Halabalaki Maria , Mikropoulou Eleni V. , Kannt Aimo , Lamont John , Llorens Carlos , Marascio Fernando , Marascio Miriam , Roig Francisco J. , Smyrnioudis Ilias , Varlamis Iraklis , Visvikis‐Siest Sophie , Vukic Milan , Milic Natasa , Medic‐Stojanoska Milica , Cesarini Lucia , Campolo Jonica , Gastaldelli Amalia , Deloukas Panos , Trivella Maria Giovanna , Francino M. Pilar , Dedoussis George V. ,   MAST4HEALTH consortium
Published: February 2021

ScopeNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease with poor therapeutic strategies. Mastiha possesses antioxidant/anti‐inflammatory and lipid‐lowering properties. The authors investigate the effectiveness of Mastiha as a nonpharmacological intervention in NAFLD.Methods and ResultsNinety‐eight patients with NAFLD in three countries (Greece, Italy, Serbia) are randomly allocated to either Mastiha or Placebo for 6 months, as part of a multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group clinical trial. The authors assess NAFLD severity via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning and LiverMultiScan technique and evaluate the effectiveness of Mastiha through medical, anthropometric, biochemical, metabolomic, and microbiota assessment. Mastiha is not superior to Placebo on changes in iron‐corrected T1 (cT1) and Liver Inflammation Fibrosis score (LIF) in entire patient population; however, after BMI stratification (BMI ≤ 35 kg m‐2 and BMI > 35 kg m‐2), severely obese patients show an improvement in cT1 and LIF in Mastiha versus Placebo. Mastiha increases dissimilarity of gut microbiota, as shown by the Bray‐Curtis index, downregulates Flavonifractor, a known inflammatory taxon and decreases Lysophosphatidylcholines‐(LysoPC) 18:1, Lysophosphatidylethanolamines‐(LysoPE) 18:1, and cholic acid compared to Placebo.ConclusionMastiha supplementation improves microbiota dysbiosis and lipid metabolite levels in patients with NAFLD, although it reduces parameters of liver inflammation/fibrosis only in severely obese patients.
Ground vulnerability derived from the horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio: Comparison with the damage distribution caused by the 2017 ML 5.4 Pohang earthquake, Korea
Authors: Kang Su Young , Kim Kwang‐Hee , Choi Mikyung , Park Sun‐Cheon 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe city of Pohang in South Korea experienced substantial damage following the ML 5.4 earthquake on 15 November 2017. Damage surveys immediately after the earthquake revealed significant spatial variations in damage intensity across the epicentral area. We collected ambient noise data (three‐component seismic data) from 124 locations in Pohang, covering a total area of 17 km × 20 km, and applied the horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio technique to estimate the resonance frequency, amplification factor and vulnerability of the ground to seismic shaking. Spatial variations exhibited by these three parameters are strongly correlated and consistent with variations in local geology. By comparing the distribution of the ground vulnerability index (Kg) with the damage distribution (or intensity) documented by the Korea Meteorological Administration following the earthquake, we confirm that the site effect is the prevailing effect that influences damage intensity in this region. We also demonstrate that Kg is an efficient proxy for identifying relatively fragile zones during ground shaking: in areas with a reported damage intensity of VIII, the proportion of the area with Kg > 20 is as high as 78.2%. Given that the study area has experienced a recent moderate earthquake, with significant economic consequences, our new results and analytical techniques will provide valuable information for future urbanization projects.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Acrylate Copolymers Containing 3‐Oxo‐N‐allyl‐1,2‐benzisothiazole‐3(2H)‐carboxamide Monomer as a Marine Antifouling Coating
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Dong Miao , Meng Zhiping , Chen Junhua , Yang Jianxin , Wang Xianghui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA type of grafted acrylate copolymer resins, containing 3‐oxo‐N‐allyl‐1,2‐benzisothiazole‐2(3H)‐carboxamide monomer and heterocyclic monomers, was synthesized through the copolymeri‐ zation of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) with functional monomers. The structures of the monomers and copolymers were validated by infrared (IR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The inhibitory activities of the copolymers on algae, bacteria, and barnacle larvae were measured, and the antifouling potencies against marine macrofouling organisms were investigated. The results showed that the grafted resin had significant inhibitory effects on the growth of three marine algae (Isochrysis galbana, Nannochloropsisoculata, and Chlorella pyrenoidosa), and three bacteria (Vibrio coralliilyticus, Staphylococcus aureus,and Vibrio parahaemolyticus). The target copolymers also showed excellent inhibition of the survival of barnacle larvae. Additionally, the release rate of the antifoulant and the results of the marine field tests indicated that the grafted copolymers had outstanding antifouling potency against the attachment of marine macrofouling organisms.
High Performance Supercapacitors Based on Mesopore Structured Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Xu Yang , Shi Weili , Li Ruguang , Qiao Zheng , Fang Jian , Yang Quanling , Xiong Chuanxi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA 3D CNT/few layered graphene construct (CNT−FLG) with mesopore structure was fabricated and applied in supercapacitors. The structure was acquired through a two‐step method. Firstly, commercial multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) were oxidized in a mixed solution of concentrated acid and modified with a couple of long‐chain organic ions. Second, the above resultant product was carbonized at a high temperature. The achieved structure offers a 3D interconnected electrically conductive network as well as mesopore structure. It also significantly improves the specific surface area of MCNTs. Result of BET tests showed that the specific surface area of CNT−FLG reached to 2235 m2/g. When acted as electrode materials in a supercapacitor structure, specific capacitance was approximately 531.2 F/g at a current density of 0.8 A/g. At current density of 50 A/g, specific capacitance remained 204.4 F/g. Besides, the capacitance retention was as high as 96.18 % after 10000 cycles at the current density of 5 A/g.
Aggregation Behavior of Poly(Acrylic acid‐co‐Octadecyl Methacrylate) and Bovine Serum Albumin in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Bi Yutong , Zhou Haijun , Chen Xiaoqi , Zhang Fen , Li Yantao , Qu Xiongwei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPolymer‐protein complexing systems have been extensively studied because of their wide application in biomedicine and industry. Here, we studied the aggregation behavior of the hydrophobically associating water‐soluble polymer poly(acrylic acid‐co‐octadecyl methacrylate) [P(AA‐co‐OMA)] prepared with nonionic surfactant as an emulsifier and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in aqueous solution. We identified the optimal composite conditions of P(AA‐co‐OMA) and BSA aqueous solution. We measured the zeta potential, dynamic light‐scattering particle size, and surface tension of P(AA‐co‐OMA) and BSA mixed aqueous solution. The results showed that the aggregation behavior between the polymer and BSA relied mainly on the hydrophobic interactions between the molecules. In addition, the best compounding condition was 8 wt.% of P(AA‐co‐OMA) content. The structure of hydrophobically associating polymer P(AA‐co‐OMA) and its aggregation with BSA were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The infrared spectroscopy results identified the hydrogen bonding behavior of the amino and carboxyl groups between the polymer and BSA. This behavior was also confirmed using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal decomposition temperature and melting temperature of BSA changed before and after it was combined with the polymer. We measured the morphology of the polymer BSA aggregate with 8 % polymer content by transmission electron microscopy. The binding mechanism was investigated, as well.
Prevalence of adiposity‐based chronic disease in middle‐aged adults from Czech Republic: The Kardiovize study
Authors: Gonzalez‐Rivas Juan P. , Mechanick Jeffrey I. , Hernandez José Pantaleón , Infante‐Garcia María M , Pavlovska Iuliia , Medina‐Inojosa José R. , Kunzova Sarka , Nieto‐Martinez Ramfis , Brož Jan , Busetto Luca , Maranhao Neto Geraldo A , Lopez‐Jimenez Francisco , Urbanová Jana , Stokin Gorazd B 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAims/HypothesisThe need for understanding obesity as a chronic disease, its stigmatization, and the lack of actionability related to it demands a new approach. The adiposity‐based chronic disease (ABCD) model is based on adiposity amount, distribution, and function, with a three stage complication‐centric rather than a body mass index (BMI)‐centric approach. The prevalence rates and associated risk factors are presented.MethodsIn total, 2159 participants were randomly selected from Czechia. ABCD was established as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 or high body fat percent, or abdominal obesity and then categorized by their adiposity‐based complications: Stage 0: none; Stage 1: mild/moderate; Stage 2: severe.ResultsABCD prevalence was 62.8%. Stage 0 was 2.3%; Stage 1 was 31.4%; Stage 2 was 29.1%. Comparing with other classifiers, participants in Stage 2 were more likely to have diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome than those with overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, and increased fat mass. ABCD showed the highest sensitivity and specificity to detect participants with peripheral artery disease, increased intima media, and vascular disease.Conclusion/InterpretationThe ABCD model provides a more sensitive approach that facilitates the early detection and stratification of participants at risk compared to traditional classifiers.
The Global COVID‐19 Observatory and Resource Center for Childhood Cancer: A response for the pediatric oncology community by SIOP and St. Jude Global
Authors: Moreira Daniel C. , Sniderman Elizabeth , Mukkada Sheena , Chantada Guillermo , Bhakta Nickhill , Foster Whitney , Avula Meghana , Homsi Maysam R. , Faughnan Lane , Happ Brooke , Andujar Allyson , Sonnenfelt Jason , Dalvi Rashmi , Frazier A. Lindsay , Hessissen Laila , Kearns Pamela R. , Luna‐Fineman Sandra , Moreno Arturo , Saghir Khan Muhammad , Sullivan Michael , Devidas Meenakshi , Santana Victor , Caniza Miguela , Pritchard‐Jones Kathy , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic quickly led to an abundance of publications and recommendations, despite a paucity of information on how COVID‐19 affects children with cancer. This created a dire need for a trusted resource with curated information and a space for the pediatric oncology community to share experiences. The Global COVID‐19 Observatory and Resource Center for Childhood Cancer was developed, launched, and maintained by the International Society of Pediatric Oncology and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. The three components (Resource Library, Global Registry, and Collaboration Space) complement each other, establishing a mechanism to generate and transfer knowledge rapidly throughout the community.
Accuracy of Japanese claims data in identifying diabetes‐related complications
Authors: Fujihara Kazuya , Yamada‐Harada Mayuko , Matsubayashi Yasuhiro , Kitazawa Masaru , Yamamoto Masahiko , Yaguchi Yuta , Seida Hiroyasu , Kodama Satoru , Akazawa Kohei , Sone Hirohito 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the accuracy of various claims‐based definitions of diabetes‐related complications (coronary artery disease [CAD], heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and dialysis).MethodsWe evaluated data on 1379 inpatients who received care at the Niigata University Medical & Dental Hospital in September 2018. Manual electronic medical chart reviews were conducted for all patients with regard to diabetes‐related complications and were used as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of each claims‐based definition associated with diabetes‐related complications based on Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC), International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD‐10) codes, procedure codes and medication codes were calculated.ResultsDPC‐based definitions had higher sensitivity, specificity, and PPV than ICD‐10 code definitions for CAD and cerebrovascular disease, with sensitivity of 0.963–1.000 and 0.905–0.952, specificity of 1.000 and 1.000, and PPV of 1.000 and 1.000, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and PPV were high using procedure codes for CAD and dialysis, with sensitivity of 0.963 and 1.000, specificity of 1.000 and 1.000, and PPV of 1.000 and 1.000, respectively. DPC and/or ICD‐10 codes + medication were better for heart failure than the ICD‐10 code definition, with sensitivity of 0.933, specificity of 1.000, and PPV of 1.000. The PPVs were lower than 60% for all diabetes‐related complications using ICD‐10 codes only.ConclusionThe DPC‐based definitions for CAD and cerebrovascular disease, procedure codes for CAD and dialysis, and DPC or ICD‐10 codes with medication codes for heart failure could accurately identify these diabetes‐related complications from claims databases.
Registration of ‘Eiger’ great northern bean
Authors: Kelly James D. , Awale Halima E. , Wiersma Andrew T. , Wright Evan M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract‘Eiger’ great northern bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (Reg. no. CV‐339, PI 695269), developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, was released in 2020 as a high‐yielding, upright, full‐season cultivar with anthracnose resistance and acceptable canning quality. Eiger was developed using the pedigree breeding method to the F4 generation followed by pure line selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. In 4 yr of field trials, Eiger yielded 3,166 kg ha−1 across 15 locations in mid‐Michigan, flowered in 44 d, and matured in 98 d on average. Plants averaged 54 cm in height, with a lodging resistance score of 1.3 and seed weight of 38.7 g per 100 seed. Eiger combines high yield potential and erect architecture with full‐season maturity in a great northern seed type. Eiger has resistance to lodging and high pod placement within the plant structure, making it suitable for direct harvest under narrow‐row production systems. The upright architecture also contributes to avoidance of white mold, a disease that is intensified in narrow rows. Eiger is resistant to races 73 and 109 of anthracnose present in Michigan and produces a top necrosis reaction to strain NL 3 of Bean common mosaic necrosis virus. Eiger produces seed that meets industry standards for export and packaging, and canning quality was rated acceptable for the great northern bean seed class.
Synthesis of polyethylene thermoplastic elastomer by using robust α‐diimine Ni(II) catalysts with abundant tBu substituents
Authors: Li Shuaikang , Zhao Yihua , Dai Shengyu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of polyethylene thermoplastic elastomers via α‐diimine‐nickel‐catalyzed ethylene polymerization using polymerization conditions of elevated temperatures and alkane solvents is highly desirable in industrial production. In this contribution, we constructed a series of highly sterically demanding α‐diimine Ni(II) catalysts with abundant tBu substituents for this purpose. These nickel catalysts were examined for ethylene polymerization in hexanes at elevated temperatures (up to 90°C) and proved to be thermally robust at temperatures as high as 90°C. Generally, these nickel catalysts can generate highly branched (ca. 70–80/1000°C) polyethylenes with very high molecular weight (Mn up to 55.79 × 104 g/mol) and the resultant polyethylenes displayed characteristics of thermoplastic elastomers with excellent elastic recovery (SR up to 84%). Compared with some similar α‐diimine Ni(II) catalysts, it is shown that the presence of axial remote tBu substituents not only facilitates the dissolution of the catalyst in alkanes, but also improves the elastic recovery value of the obtained polyethylene.
Psychological resilience among palliative patients with advanced cancer: A systematic review of definitions and associated factors
Authors: Lau Jerrald , Khoo Athena Ming‐Gui , Ho Andy Hau‐Yan , Tan Ker‐Kan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe palliative journey can be emotionally stressful for both patients with advanced cancer and their families. Psychological resilience is crucial in aiding with patients' adaptation and post‐traumatic growth. The aim of this systematic review was to critically examine the definitions of psychological resilience and its associated factors in palliative patients with advanced cancer.MethodsFour databases were systematically searched from inception to August 2020. Both qualitative and quantitative studies that examined factors associated with psychological resilience in a sample of patients with advanced cancer undergoing palliative care were included.ResultsA total of 15 studies met the criteria, of which 10 were qualitative and five were quantitative. Nine studies included a definition of psychological resilience, from which five common themes of buffering, adaptation, resources, recovery, and growth were derived. The quantitative studies found association between resilience and hope, independence, social support, fatigue, emotional distress, and coping strategies. The qualitative studies reported additional sources of resilience such as spirituality, social support, prior experience dealing with illness and life adversity, meaning‐making, reconciling with life's finiteness, acceptance of illness, control, determination, positive attitude, dignity, engagement with palliative care and quality of life being supported by palliative care.ConclusionsMore research is needed for developing an overarching definition of psychological resilience in palliative advanced cancer patients that acknowledges and appreciates the contextual sensitivity of this concept among different cultural groups. Further studies are also needed to examine a holistic range of bio‐psycho‐socio‐spiritual factors associated with psychological resilience among these patients and their families.
Comparison of chest radiography and chest CT for evaluation of pediatric COVID‐19 pneumonia: Does CT add diagnostic value?
Authors: Das Karuna M. , Alkoteesh Jamal A. , Al Kaabi Jumaa , Al Mansoori Taleb , Winant Abbey J. , Singh Rajvir , Paraswani Rajesh , Syed Rizwan , Sharif Elsadeg M. , Balhaj Ghazala B. , Lee Edward Y. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeFirst, to investigate the added diagnostic value of chest computed tomography (CT) for evaluating COVID‐19 in symptomatic children by comparing chest CT findings with chest radiographic findings, and second, to identify the imaging signs and patterns on CT associated with COVID‐19 pneumonia in children.Materials and MethodsFrom March 2020 to December 2020, 56 consecutive children (33 males and 23 girls; mean age ± SD, 14.8 ± 5.0 years; range, 9 months–18 years) with mild to moderate symptom and laboratory confirmed COVID‐19 (based on Centers for Disease Control criteria) underwent both chest radiography and chest CT on the same day within the first 2 days of initial presentation to the hospital. Two experienced radiologists independently evaluated chest radiographs and chest CT studies for thoracic abnormalities. The findings from chest radiography and chest CT were compared to evaluate the added diagnostic value of chest CT for affecting patient management. Interobserver agreement was measured with Cohen's κ statistics.ResultsEleven (19.6%) of 56 patients had abnormal chest radiographic findings, including ground‐glass opacity (GGO) in 5/11 (45.4%) and combined GGO and consolidation in 6/11 (54.5%). On chest CT, 26 (46.4%) of 56 patients had abnormal CT findings, including combined GGO and consolidation in 19/26 (73.1%), GGO in 6/26 (23.1%), and consolidation in 1/26 (3.8%). Chest CT detected all thoracic abnormalities seen on chest radiography in 11/26 (42.3%) cases. In 15/26 (57.7%), chest CT detected lung abnormalities that were not observed on chest radiography, which included GGO and consolidation in 9/15 (60%), GGO in 5/15 (33.3%), and consolidation in 1/15 (6.6%) cases. These additional CT findings did not affect patient management. In addition, chest CT detected radiological signs and patterns, including the halo sign, reversed halo sign, crazy paving pattern, and tree‐in‐bud pattern. There was almost perfect interobserver agreement between the two reviewers for detecting findings on both chest radiographs (κ, 0.89, p = .001) and chest CT (κ, 0.96, p = .001) studies.ConclusionChest CT detected lung abnormalities, including GGO and/or consolidation, that were not observed on chest radiography in more than half of symptomatic pediatric patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia. However, these additional CT findings did not affect patient management. Therefore, CT is not clinically indicated for the initial evaluation of mild to moderately symptomatic pediatric patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia.
The bronchiolitis severity score: An assessment of face validity, construct validity, and interobserver reliability
Authors: Siraj Shaila , Stark Wayne , McKinley Scott Daniel , Morrison John Michael , Sochet Anthony Alexander 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess face validity, interobserver reliability, and the ability to discriminate escalations of care within 24‐h of admission (late rescues) for the bronchiolitis severity score (BSS) for children hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis.HypothesesThe BSS will yield variable face validity, have clinically relevant interobserver reliability (kappa > 0.7), and distinguish late rescues during hospitalization.MethodsWe performed a combined retrospective and prospective, mixed methods study where (1) interobserver agreement was prospectively assessed by overall and subcategory congruence (kappa) calculations, (2) face value were qualitatively assessed from aggregate questionnaire responses, and (3) construct validity for late rescues were assessed using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.ResultsFace validity, assessed from 39 questionnaire respondents, were generally positive for BSS utility, reliability, and usability. The BSS exhibited weak interobserver reliability (kappa = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.31) calculated from 72 sequential, blinded calculations. Retrospectively, 181 children less than 2 years of age admitted to the general pediatric ward for acute bronchiolitis from November 2017 to April 2019 were identified of which 18 (9.9%) experienced late rescues. Admission BSS values were no different for children with and without late rescues (6[3,6] vs. 4[3,6]; p = .09). An ROC curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.48–0.75; threshold ≥6 with sensitivity = 56%, specificity = 69%) for BSS to discriminate late rescues.ConclusionAlthough clinicians expressed favorable perceptions of BSS face and content validity, we noted weak interobserver reliability and limited construct validity. Further development and validation are needed to strengthen the BSS before routine use.