bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of highly potent pancoronavirus fusion inhibitors that also effectively inhibit COVID-19 variants from the UK (Alpha), South Africa (Beta), and India (Delta)
Authors: Curreli Francesca , Ahmed Shahad , Victor Sofia M. B. , Drelich Aleksandra , Panda Siva S. , Altieri Andrea , Kurkin Alexander V. , Tseng Chien-Te K. , Hillyer Christopher D. , Debnath Asim K. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTWe report here the discovery of several highly potent small molecules that showed low nM potency against SARS-CoV (IC50: as low as 13 nM), SARS-CoV-2 (IC50: as low as 23 nM), and MERS-CoV (IC50: as low as 76 nM) in pseudovirus based assays with excellent selectivity indices (SI: as high as > 5000) demonstrating their pancoronavirus inhibition. Some compounds also show 100% inhibition of CPE (IC100) at 1.25 µM against an authentic SARS-CoV-2 (US_WA-1/2020). Furthermore, the most active inhibitors also potently inhibited variants of concerns (VOCs), such as the UK (B.1.1.7), South Africa (B.1.351), and Delta variant (B.1.617.2), originated in India. We confirmed that one of the potent inhibitors binds to the prefusion spike protein trimer of SARS-CoV-2 by SPR. Besides, we showed that they inhibit virus-mediated cell-cell fusion. The ADME data of one of the most active inhibitors, NBCoV1, show drug-like properties. In vivo PK of NBCoV1 in rats demonstrated excellent half-life (t1/2) of 11.3 h, mean resident time (MRT) of 14.2 h, and oral bioavailability. We expect the lead inhibitors to pave the way for further development to preclinical and clinical candidates.
Professionalism in built environment research: beyond integrity and good practice
Authors: Ofori George 
Published: September 2021

PurposeProfessionalism indicates a devotion to and demonstration of exceptional performance and achievement in any activity. The built environment comprises the physical items required for economic activity, long-term national development and social well-being. Studies show a need to improve many aspects of the built environment and the sector which creates it. Researchers should contribute to this improvement effort. It is suggested that researchers should demonstrate professionalism, but there is no agreement on how professionalism in research is determined. It is necessary to consider what constitutes professionalism in built environment research and how it can be developed.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory study is presented. It considers major works on the nature of the built environment and its sector, and factors influencing research on them; and draws on works on research ethics, integrity and good practice to propose a framework for professionalism in built environment research.FindingsMore work is needed to improve the built environment and its sector. Professionalism in built environment research will make the contribution of such research to this effort effective. This professionalism should be conceptualised, developed and continuously enhanced.Research limitations/implicationsThis first attempt to formulate a framework for professionalism in built environment research is based on a review of the major relevant literature. Subsequent works can test this framework empirically.Social implicationsThe professional built environment researcher will be committed to contributing to society.Originality/valueThis is the first work on professionalism in research on the built environment. The framework provides the basis for further studies on the subject.
Last-mile challenges in on-demand food delivery during COVID-19: understanding the riders' perspective using a grounded theory approach
Authors: Puram Praveen , Gurumurthy Anand , Narmetta Mukesh , Mor Rahul S. 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the last-mile (LM) challenges faced by on-demand food delivery (ODFD) riders during the coronavirus pandemic. This study contributes to the literature on the less-explored domain of ODFD services.Design/methodology/approachA grounded theory methodology is used. Riders working for multiple ODFD firms in various urban and semi-urban areas of India were interviewed. Open, axial and selective coding of interview transcripts was done.FindingsA grounded model is developed consisting of riders' challenges represented broadly under four core categories: Operational, Customer-related, Organisational and Technological issues. The study indicates that while some of the challenges are inherent to the ODFD supply chain, these have been visibly exposed and intensified by COVID-19, while other challenges are specific to the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThe model is a qualitative proposition representing LM delivery issues in ODFD services faced by the riders in India's urban and semi-urban areas during the COVID-19 pandemic. Other countries may face similar problems, but further studies are necessary to confirm or refute the findings.Practical implicationsODFD companies must address the riders' issues to better adapt to the current and future disruptions and improve riders' quality of work–life to achieve operational excellence.Originality/valueThis study builds on the extant ODFD literature by focusing on one of its less addressed aspects: the working conditions of the riders. This work is conducted amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of a developing country and aims to study the challenges in ODFD operations.
Moderating effect of gender on adoption of digital health consultation: a patient perspective study
Authors: Dash Ajitabh , Sahoo Anjan Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the factors influencing the adoption decision of patients towards digital consultation in India with gender as a moderating variable. This study is based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) framework for examining the factors influencing adoption decisions for digital consultation and to what extent this leads to continuous usage intention.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the UTAUT2 framework, this study proposed a set of hypotheses that were tested using structural equation modeling. This study was based on primary data collected from 462 sample respondents using the judgemental sampling method who had experience of using digital health consultation in India.

Findings
Findings of this study revealed significant and positive causation in the behavioural intention (BI) of a patient to adopt digital health consultation arising out of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition and price value; however, habit is insignificantly associated with the same. Furthermore, the results of this study also revealed that the BI of a patient towards digital health consultation is significantly moderated by their gender.

Originality/value
This study conceptually strengthens the present body of literature on the adoption behaviour by contributing certain new dimensions in the context of digital health consultations and will also help policymakers and service providers in crafting their strategy for promoting the adoption of digital health consultation.
Malaysian SMEs m-commerce adoption: TAM 3, UTAUT 2 and TOE approach
Authors: Salimon Maruf Gbadebo , Kareem Olanrewaju , Mokhtar Sany Sanuri Mohd , Aliyu Olayemi Abdullateef , Bamgbade Jibril Adewale , Adeleke Adekunle Qudus 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence Malaysian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to adopt mobile commerce (m-commerce) by integrating the constructs of Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM 3), Universal Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 and Technology-Organization-Environment model. Though numerous m-commerce adoption (MCA) studies have been conducted, lesser attention is paid to how hedonic motivation (HM) can influence organizational users such as SMEs. This study bridges the gap by integrating the three models to provide a new lens to guide SMEs.Design/methodology/approachTo examine the factors that influence the adoption of m-commerce, the researchers collected data from SMEs in Malaysia using an online survey. The sample size of the participants was determined through the available list provided by SME Corp Malaysia. The researchers also used Krejcie and Morgan’s sample size and G * Power techniques to determine that the sample size was appropriate. The data collected were analyzed using partial least square-structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings of this study reveal that technological factors (computer self-efficacy [CSE], result demonstrability [RD] and computer anxiety [CA]) positively and significantly influenceMCA. Likewise, the organizational/environmental factors (m-commerce knowledge, pressure from trading partners and pressure from competitors) positively and significantly influenceMCA. The moderating influence of HM was also achieved on the relationship betweenCSEandRD. However, the proposed hedonic moderating relationship betweenCAand the adoption of m-commerce is not significant.Research limitations/implicationsThis study integrates three models to explain the adoption of m-commerce among SMEs in Malaysia and tested the moderating influence of HM. The results obtained better explain the decision by the SMEs to use m-commerce.Originality/valueThe study critically considered how m-commerce can be adopted by SMEs in Malaysia, which previous studies have largely ignored. Considering this, the study, therefore, advances a new relationship by integrating Technology-organization-environment model with TAM 3 and the moderating influence of HM to explainMCAamong SMEs. This paper is one of the few research studies to test the moderating influence of HM in this regard.
Restoring marine ecosystems: Spatial reef configuration triggers taxon‐specific responses among early colonizers
Authors: Wilms Tim J. G. , Norðfoss Pauli H. , Baktoft Henrik , Støttrup Josianne G. , Kruse Bo M. , Svendsen Jon C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The longstanding debate in conservation biology on the importance of single large or several small (SLOSS) habitats for preserving biodiversity remains highly relevant, given the ongoing degradation and loss of natural habitats world‐wide. Restoration efforts are often constrained by limited resources, and insights from SLOSS studies therefore have important implications if restoration efforts can be optimized by manipulating the spatial configuration of restored habitats. Yet, the relevance of SLOSS for habitat restoration remains largely unexplored.

Here, we report the effects of spatial reef configuration on early colonization of marine organisms after restoring boulder reef habitats. Reefs were restored in single large (SL) and several small (SS) designs in the western Baltic Sea, where century‐long boulder extraction has severely degraded large reef areas and likely exacerbated regional declines in commercially important gadoids (Gadidae spp.). We sampled the field sites using remote underwater video systems in a before‐after control‐impact (BACI) design and obtained probabilistic inferences on restoration and SLOSS effects from Bayesian hierarchical models.

Probabilities of a positive restoration effect were high (>95%) for gadoids, labrids and demersal gobies, moderate (60%–75%) for species richness and sand gobies, and low (<5%) for flatfish abundance. Notably, gadoid abundance increased 60‐fold and 129‐fold on average at SL and SS respectively. The species composition at restored reefs deviated from control sites, mainly driven by large‐bodied piscivores.

Spatial reef configuration had the strongest effect on small‐bodied mesopredators, including gobies, which were more abundant at SS and driving distinct species assemblages between the reef designs. In addition to providing suitable conditions for reef species, results suggest that SS can also benefit soft‐bottom taxa, possibly through a dispersed predator‐mediated effect relative to SL.

Synthesis and applications. This study demonstrates that boulder reef restoration can strongly promote the abundance of exploited gadoids (e.g. Atlantic cod) and is therefore a promising management tool to support top‐down controls by predatory fishes in degraded marine systems. The higher abundance of mesopredators at reefs with a ‘several small’ configuration suggests that the SLOSS dilemma could have long‐term implications for trophic structure and resilience of restored habitats, and should therefore become an important facet within restoration strategies.
How the occupational balance of healthcare professionals changed in the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed design study
Authors: Güney Yılmaz Güleser , Zengin Gülşah , Temuçin Keziban , Aygün Damla , Akı Esra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough it has been possible for many people to make a gradual transition to normal life or routine activities, the same seems far off for healthcare professionals. The current study examines in depth how the occupational balance of healthcare professionals has changed in the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThe current study has a mixed design, which involves collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. In the first stage of the study, which is the quantitative one, Turkish Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11‐T) was used to collect data, whereas the second stage of the study, which is the qualitative one, was designed to explore occupational balance and the related issues via using semi‐structured interviews. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare parameters between the groups (working in active–passive contact with COVID patients). On the other hand, qualitative data were evaluated via consensual qualitative data analysis.ResultsThe level of occupational balance of healthcare professionals included in the study group was found to be significantly lower than the level of occupational balance of healthcare professionals included in the control group (P = .005). Although there was no clear problem in self‐care activities of healthcare professionals, the balance between productivity and leisure time activities was disrupted.ConclusionsOccupational balance and leisure time use of healthcare professionals, especially those who have active contact with COVID patients, have been affected. A further investigation can be carried out according to gender, age, and other demographic qualities.
The CJEU in Commission v Hungary Higher Education Defends Academic Freedom Through WTO Provisions
Authors: Hoxhaj Andi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in Commission v Hungary Higher Education ruled that the legal conditions introduced to enable foreign higher education institutions to carry out their activities in Hungary are incompatible with EU law. The Commission referred Hungary to the CJEU, claiming that the amendments to the Higher Education Act of 2011 are incompatible with Hungary's commitments as a member of the EU within the following frameworks: the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS); the freedom of establishment; the free movement of services; the provisions of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights relating to academic freedom; the freedom to found higher education institutions; and the freedom to conduct a business. This note explains that Commission v Hungary Higher Education is the latest example of the ongoing efforts in Hungary to undermine the rule of law and threaten academic freedom in the EU
Identifying gaps and improving investigation of fatal elder abuse and/or neglect
Authors: Drake Stacy A. , Akande Anthony , Kelly P. Adam , Yang Yijiong , Wolf Dwayne A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeath investigator and autopsy reports for decedents 65 years and older within a major metropolitan area over a five‐year period were assessed for the possibility of elder abuse and/or neglect. The study consisted of two stages. A simple two‐question screening criteria was used to determine whether the decedent was (1) dependent on another for at least one activity of daily living and (2) had a presence of at least one indicator of abuse and/or neglect. Second, only cases with affirmative criteria responses were reviewed to identify inconsistent or deficient variables that precluded (or if present, allowed) determination of abuse and/or neglect. A multidisciplinary panel of local and national experts, including forensic pathologists, law enforcement, and geriatricians assessed these indicators as indicative of presence of abuse/neglect, and these indicators were subsequently developed as a supplemental data collection tool. Of a possible 2798 cases, 2324 (83%) were excluded using the screening criteria. This reduced the number of cases that warranted further investigation to 474 (17% of elderly deaths in this timeframe). All 474 decedents were dependent on another for at least one ADL and 322 (68%) had unexplained injuries. In 180 (38%) cases had recorded notation of a suspicion of abuse and/or neglect at the time of death. The results support the premise that a simple, two‐criterion screening can effectively identify cases of potential abuse and/or neglect and, when followed by a supplemental data collection tool, cases can be efficiently evaluated.
Human mobility impacts on the surging incidence of COVID‐19 in India
Authors: Praharaj Sarbeswar , Han Hoon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHuman mobility triggers how fast and where infectious diseases spread and modelling community flows helps assess the impact of social distancing policies and advance our understanding of community behaviour in such circumstances. This study investigated the relationship between human mobility and the surging incidence of COVID‐19 in India. We performed a generalised estimating equation with a Poisson log‐linear model to analyse the daily mobility rate and new cases of COVID‐19 between 14 March and 11 September 2020. We found that mobility to grocery and retail locations was significantly associated (p < 0.01) with the incidence of COVID‐19, these being crowded and unorganised in most parts of India. In contrast, visits to parks, workplaces, and transit stations did not considerably affect the changing COVID‐19 cases over time. In particular, workplaces equipped with social distancing protocols or low‐density open spaces are much less susceptible to the spread of the virus. These findings suggest that human mobility data, geographic information, and health geography modelling have significant potential to inform strategic decision‐making during pandemics because they provide actionable knowledge of when and where communities might be exposed to the disease.
Using principal component analysis to examine associations of early pregnancy inflammatory biomarker profiles and adverse birth outcomes
Authors: Keenan‐Devlin Lauren S. , Caplan Madeleine , Freedman Alexa , Kuchta Kristine , Grobman William , Buss Claudia , Adam Emma K. , Entringer Sonja , Miller Gregory E. , Borders Ann E.B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveInflammation as a risk factor for preterm birth is well‐established. The primary objective of this analysis was to examine whether individual cytokines versus a composite indicator of mid‐pregnancy inflammation are significantly associated with risk for adverse birth outcomes.Study designA multi‐site prospective study was conducted in a socio‐demographically diverse cohort of 610 pregnant participants. At a study visit between 12 and 20 6/7 weeks’ gestation, low‐grade inflammation was measured via log‐transformed serum concentrations of the biomarkers IFN‐γ, IL‐10, IL‐13, IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α, and CRP. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify underlying dimensions of inflammatory activity from the seven biomarkers measured. Gestational age and birth weight at delivery were obtained from medical chart review. The associations between inflammatory profiles and birth outcomes were assessed via linear and logistic regression models. Results were compared with those from individual inflammatory biomarkers, and model fit was assessed using Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC).ResultsPrincipal component analysis analysis yielded a two‐factor solution, with the first factor (IF1) composed of IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐13, IFN‐ɣ, and TNF‐α, and the second factor (IF2) containing IL‐6 and CRP. When adjusted for race, education, BMI, smoking status, gestational age at time of blood draw, and study site, a one standard deviation (SD) increase in IF1 remained significantly associated with a decrease in standardized gestational age (β = ‐.13, 95% CI: ‐.21, ‐.05) and an increase in odds of preterm delivery (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.88) (Table 3). A one SD increase in IF2 was similarly associated with a decrease in standardized gestational age at delivery (β = ‐.13, 95% CI: ‐.23, ‐.04) and an increase in odds of preterm delivery (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.05). Neither IF1 nor IF2 was associated with measures of fetal growth. AIC identified that IL‐6 was a slightly better fit for length of gestation compared to either composite measure, though all performed similarly.ConclusionIndependent of known sociodemographic risk factors, an elevated mid‐pregnancy inflammatory profile was associated with a nearly 50% increase in odds of preterm delivery. The composite performed similarly to IL‐6. These results suggest that maternal low‐grade inflammation is a risk factor for preterm delivery, and that mid‐pregnancy inflammatory biomarkers may be useful in predicting risk for preterm delivery.
Management and clinical consequences of red blood cell antibodies in pregnancy: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Liu Shengxin , Ajne Gunilla , Wikman Agneta , Lindqvist Caroline , Reilly Marie , Tiblad Eleonor 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionAnti‐D alloimmunization is the most common cause of severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). The management of pregnancies affected by less frequent red blood cell (RBC) antibodies poses a challenge to clinicians, and perinatal outcomes are less well described. This study aimed to describe the frequency of clinically significant RBC antibodies in our pregnant population and analyze the risk of prenatal and postnatal treatment for HDFN in relation to our national risk classification system and management guidelines.Material and methodsA retrospective cohort study in the population of all alloimmunized singleton pregnancies in the Stockholm region 1990–2016. Descriptive summaries of different RBC antibodies and pregnancy outcomes were presented, the risks of intrauterine blood transfusion (IUT) and neonatal treatment for HDFN were estimated by type of antibodies.ResultsOf the 1724 alloimmunized pregnancies, 1079 (63%) were at risk of HDFN and constituted our study cohort. Anti‐D was detected in 492 (46%) pregnancies, followed by anti‐E in 161 (15%), and anti‐c in 128 (12%). Eighty‐seven (8%) pregnancies had IUT, with the highest risk in pregnancies affected by anti‐D combined with other antibodies. The maximum titer recorded before IUT was 64 or above, except for two pregnancies affected by anti‐c, for which the maximum titers were 8 and 16. For the 942 (95%) live‐born neonates from 992 alloimmunized pregnancies without IUT, the median gestational age at birth was 38+5 weeks compared with 35+5 weeks for those who had IUT. Neonatal treatment was most common in the anti‐D alone and anti‐D combined groups, with 136 (57%) and 21 (44%), respectively, treated with phototherapy and 35 (15%) and 9 (20%) receiving exchange transfusions, respectively. For pregnancies complicated by moderate‐ and low‐risk antibodies, phototherapy was less frequent (32 [36%] and 21 [19%]) and exchange transfusion was rare (5 [6%] and 3 [3%]).ConclusionsAnti‐D, especially in combination with other antibodies, presents the highest risk of severe HDFN. The classification of less frequent and less well‐known RBC antibodies into risk groups can help clinicians in assessing the risk of HDFN and counseling alloimmunized pregnant women regarding the risk of prenatal and postnatal treatments.