bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure Assessment of methyl mercury from consumption of fish and seafood in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Nurul Izzah , Mahiyuddin Wan Rozita Wan , Azmi Wan Nurul Farah Wan , Azlee Ruzanaz Syafira Ruzman , Shaharudin Rafiza , Sulaiman Lokman Hakim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe concentration of meHg in freshwater fish and seafood was investigated, as well as the consumption patterns of fish and seafood by different demographic groups (age, ethnicity, gender). A potential alarm for human health hazards was also assessed, and the results were compared to the provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWIs) and the hazard quotient parameter (HQ). The results showed that meHg levels of 67 species ranged from 0.013 to 0.252 mg/kg of wet weight (WW) with significant differences between different fish and seafood groups (χ2KW = 49.09; p < 0.001). Median concentrations of meHg in fish and seafood groups in descending orders are as follows: demersal fish (0.1006 mg/kg WW) > pelagic fish (0.0686 mg/kg WW) > freshwater fish 0.045 mg/kg WW) > cephalopods (0.0405 mg/kg WW) crustaceans (0.0356 mg/kg WW). The results revealed that older population (> 40 years old) consumed significantly (p = 0.000) more fish compared to younger generations and the elderly consumed the highest amounts of fish (104.0 ± 113.0 g/day). The adolescents (10–17 years old) consumed more than double of amount for both cephalopod and crustacean compared to the older populations (p < 0.05). Malay ethnic (96.1 ± 99.6 g/day) consumed significantly (p = 0.000) higher amounts of fish and seafood compared to other ethnicities, similar to male subjects (95.2 ± 102 g/day; p = 0.026) when compared to the female (86 ± 96.3 g/day). The estimated weekly intake (EWI) values showed results below 1.6 µg/kg BW/week, the tolerable levels recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) for all different demographic factors except for higher consumers at 75th percentile and above. Consumption of marine fish contributed to a higher value of PTWI to all different demographic groups (the estimated weekly intake (EWI) range: 0.2988–0.6893 µg/kg BW/week) but for the adolescents, where from the consumption of crustaceans (0.3488 µg/kg BW/week or 21.8% of PTWI) and cephalopods (0.504 µg/kg BW/week or 31.5% of PTWI). The results from this study also revealed the HQ value for overall consumption of fish and seafood by the adolescents and elderly exceeded one. This was contributed from the consumption of demersal fish and cephalopods, thus indicating the nonacceptable level of noncarcinogenic adverse health effects.
A non-invasive, automated diagnosis of Menière’s disease using radiomics and machine learning on conventional magnetic resonance imaging: A multicentric, case-controlled feasibility study
Authors: van der Lubbe Marly F. J. A. , Vaidyanathan Akshayaa , de Wit Marjolein , van den Burg Elske L. , Postma Alida A. , Bruintjes Tjasse D. , Bilderbeek-Beckers Monique A. L. , Dammeijer Patrick F. M. , Bossche Stephanie Vanden , Van Rompaey Vincent , Lambin Philippe , van Hoof Marc , van de Berg Raymond 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the feasibility of a new image analysis technique (radiomics) on conventional MRI for the computer-aided diagnosis of Menière’s disease.

Materials and methods
A retrospective, multicentric diagnostic case–control study was performed. This study included 120 patients with unilateral or bilateral Menière’s disease and 140 controls from four centers in the Netherlands and Belgium. Multiple radiomic features were extracted from conventional MRI scans and used to train a machine learning-based, multi-layer perceptron classification model to distinguish patients with Menière’s disease from controls. The primary outcomes were accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the classification model.

Results
The classification accuracy of the machine learning model on the test set was 82%, with a sensitivity of 83%, and a specificity of 82%. The positive and negative predictive values were 71%, and 90%, respectively.

Conclusion
The multi-layer perceptron classification model yielded a precise, high-diagnostic performance in identifying patients with Menière’s disease based on radiomic features extracted from conventional T2-weighted MRI scans. In the future, radiomics might serve as a fast and noninvasive decision support system, next to clinical evaluation in the diagnosis of Menière’s disease.
LEDPatNet19: Automated Emotion Recognition Model based on Nonlinear LED Pattern Feature Extraction Function using EEG Signals
Authors: Tuncer Turker , Dogan Sengul , Subasi Abdulhamit 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElectroencephalography (EEG) signals collected from human brains have generally been used to diagnose diseases. Moreover, EEG signals can be used in several areas such as emotion recognition, driving fatigue detection. This work presents a new emotion recognition model by using EEG signals. The primary aim of this model is to present a highly accurate emotion recognition framework by using both a hand-crafted feature generation and a deep classifier. The presented framework uses a multilevel fused feature generation network. This network has three primary phases, which are tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT), statistical feature generation, and nonlinear textural feature generation phases. TQWT is applied to the EEG data for decomposing signals into different sub-bands and create a multilevel feature generation network. In the nonlinear feature generation, an S-box of the LED block cipher is utilized to create a pattern, which is named as Led-Pattern. Moreover, statistical feature extraction is processed using the widely used statistical moments. The proposed LED pattern and statistical feature extraction functions are applied to 18 TQWT sub-bands and an original EEG signal. Therefore, the proposed hand-crafted learning model is named LEDPatNet19. To select the most informative features, ReliefF and iterative Chi2 (RFIChi2) feature selector is deployed. The proposed model has been developed on the two EEG emotion datasets, which are GAMEEMO and DREAMER datasets. Our proposed hand-crafted learning network achieved 94.58%, 92.86%, and 94.44% classification accuracies for arousal, dominance, and valance cases of the DREAMER dataset. Furthermore, the best classification accuracy of the proposed model for the GAMEEMO dataset is equal to 99.29%. These results clearly illustrate the success of the proposed LEDPatNet19.
Long-term emotional consequences of parental alienation exposure in children of divorced parents: A systematic review
Authors: Miralles Paloma , Godoy Carmen , Hidalgo María D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough the emotional consequences of childhood exposure to parental alienation behaviors in children and adolescents of divorced parents are known, there is scarce evidence on their long-term consequences in adulthood. Therefore, this work aims to conduct a systematic review of the state of research in this area and its main conclusions and identify gaps and limitations to guide future research. A search of the literature was performed in electronic databases PsycInfo, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, DART-Europe, ProQuest, Wiley, TESEO and Dialnet, and a secondary review of the bibliography; in February 2019 updated in December of the same year. Thirteen pieces of research were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria; twelve published articles from journals and one doctoral thesis, both with qualitative and quantitative methodology. Children exposed to parental interference and alienation show in adulthood depression and anxiety symptoms, a higher risk of psychopathology, lower self-esteem and self-sufficiency. As well as, higher alcohol and drug use rates, parental relationship difficulties, insecure attachment, lower life quality, higher divorce rates, feelings of loss, abandonment and guilt. They also report repetition of these alienating behaviors on their children by their partner or their own children's grandparents. Some limitations of the study are described, and proposals are made for future research.
Non-Target Detection of Diversity of Volatile Chlorine Compounds in Frying Oil and Study on the Influencing Factors of Their Formation
Authors: Liu Yaxiong , Wen Jiaxin , Luo Zhuoya 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHeadspace-gas-chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) proved the diversity of volatile chlorinated compounds (VCCs) in frying oil in this work. First, the VCCs were obtained by headspace by heating the frying oil at 80 °C for 30 min. Then, those compounds were separated by GC capillary column in the first dimension and by IMS in the second dimension, respectively. And at last, those compounds were detected in negative ion mode for non-targeting. The study results indicated that VCCs' formation depends on the contents of NaCl and water, heating temperature and time, and the types of oil. The refining process does not affect the detection of VCCs, indicating the durability of such targets as indicators for assessing deep-frying oil. Using HS-GC-IMS, the VCCs were detected to evaluate 16 authentic refined deep-frying oils from the market with an accuracy of 100%.
Juvenile Crust Formation in the Precambrian Singhbhum, Dharwar Cratons and the Southern Granulite Terrain, India and Geodynamic Transitions: Evidence from Zircon U-Pb age-Hf Isotope Systematics
Authors: Kumar T. Vijaya , Rao Y. J. Bhaskar , Babu E.V.S.S.K. , Sreenivas B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Zircon age-Hf isotopic data on the Archean Singhbhum and Dharwar cratons and the Archean-Proterozoic Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT) obtained at the CSIR-NGRI and by others elsewhere are in focus here. These data are used to decipher episodes of juvenile crust formation in the protracted (collectively spanning ~3.7 billion years) geologic history of the three terranes in the light of their regional geology, structure and deep-crustal architecture based on recent geophysical experiments as well as current perspectives on early Earth crust forming processes and geodynamics. Our important observations and inferences include: (1) the Hf-isotopic compositions of the Hadean-Eoarchean aged (ca. 4.2-3.6 Ga) zircon grains from the Singhbhum craton have distinctly unradiogenic Hf-isotopic compositions quite similar to the Jack Hills Hadean-Eoarchean detrital zircons, suggesting derivation from TTG-like melts generated by the internal reworking of a long-lived, geochemically enriched mafic reservoir formed around ca. 4.5 Ga; (2) a shift to strongly radiogenic zircon Hf isotope compositions during the early Paleoarchean around ca. 3.6-3.5 Ga (Singhbhum craton) and ca. 3.5-3.4 Ga (Western Dharwar craton) is conspicuous. This may relate to the time of development of depleted mantle reservoirs, the source of the voluminous Paleo-Mesoarchean juvenile felsic magmatism and crust formation events that extended for ca. 400-300 million years; (3) in the entire Dharwar craton and the northern parts of the SGT there is clear evidence for widespread juvenile magmatic episodes during the Neoarchean, around ca. 2.7 Ga and ca. 2.55 Ga, the latter being predominant and widespread; (4) in the southernmost part of the SGT, prominent juvenile magmatic episodes are also evident during the Paleoproterozoic (ca. 2.0 Ga, Trivandrum block) and early Neoproterozoic (ca. 1.0-0.9 Ga, in parts of the Madurai block); (5) onset of plate tectonic processes in the Singhbhum and Western Dharwar cratons during early Paleoarchean (ca. 3.6-3.5 Ga) cannot be ruled out, but there is clear evidence for the operation of plate tectonics, significant crustal growth and terrane amalgamation only after ~3.0 Ga in the Dharwar craton and the SGT and (6) regional dome and basin structural pattern of the pre-3.0 Ga crust attests to the role of internal differentiation processes (Rayleigh-Taylor Inversions) and vertical tectonics for the Paleo-Mesoarchean crust of the Singhbhum and Dharwar cratons. Together with other lines of evidence; changes in bulk crustal composition, deep crustal architecture, zircon age-Hf isotope distribution etc., we infer a transition to plate tectonics around 3.0 Ga in the Singhbhum and Dharwar cratons.
MT/LMT Studies for Crust and Upper Mantle Structure of India and Its Adjoining Regions: Contribution of CSIR-NGRI
Authors: Patro Prasanta K. , Kumar P. V. Vijaya , Sarma S. V. S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The CSIR-NGRI introduced the magnetotelluric (MT) method into its scientific programmes during late 1970s for crustal electrical imaging. The mapping of a major subtrappean sedimentary basin in the northwestern Saurashtra is the first major accomplishment of CSIR-NGRI in the field of MT studies which provided a solution to a long standing problem in hydrocarbon exploration. Later, the CSIR-NGRI carried out several MT studies covering different geological terrains in the Indian peninsula to image the subsurface electrical structure up to deep crustal/lithospheric levels mainly for hydrocarbon and geothermal explorations apart from geodynamic and seismotectonic studies. The addition of long period MT (LMT) measurement facilitated further enhancing the depth of investigation to deeper levels into the lithosphere. The areas of these MT investigations by CSIR-NGRI cover major geological terrains of India viz., the Himalaya, Ganga basin, Jaisalmer basin, Kutch, Narmada-Son lineament, Deccan Volcanic Province, Dharwar craton, Southern Granulite Terrain, and Andaman Nicobar Islands. Based on all these studies, significant conductive structures have been identified and are interpreted to be Gondwana/Mesozoic sediments, fault zones, shear zones, thrust zones. The CSIR-NGRI has established itself as a leader in MT/LMT studies in India. To meet future resource exploration and geodynamics challenges, the CSIR-NGRI should design and implement special projects for scanning the Indian continent by acquiring and modelling of array MT/LMT data. Efforts are to be intensified to integrate the results from MT studies with those from seismic and gravity data to help retrieving a comprehensive and stable three-dimensional electrical model of the lithosphere.
Tsunami Modelling and Run-ups along Indian Coasts
Authors: Srivastava Kirti , Begum Farveen , Jakkula Mounica 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Earthquake of Mw 9.3 on Dec 26, 2004 in the Andaman Sumatra subduction zone in the eastern Indian Ocean and the 27th November 1945 M8.0-8.2 Makran earthquake in the western Indian Ocean triggered tsunami causing large scale damage. Though, great tsunamigenic earthquakes are rare from the Makran subduction zone, the possibility of one off event exceeding M 8.0 cannot be overlooked. The record of historical tsunami has not been well documented, as there is very little data available from these two subduction zones, though few reports on tsunami impact on the Indian coasts are available. The devastating impact of 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami has generated great interest amongst the scientific community and changed the perception of the hazard associated with tsunami in the region. Several researchers from different parts of the world have worked in understanding and quantifying the tsunami propagation and inundation due to the 2004 Tsunami. In this paper different questions on the propagation of tsunamis over ridges, island, along the east and west coast, tsunami forces on different beaches and also the effect of varying bathymetry in the Indian Ocean have been discussed in the form of case studies.
Lost in recessions: youth employment and earnings in Spain
Authors: Bentolila Samuel , Felgueroso Florentino , Jansen Marcel , Jimeno Juan F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractYoung workers in Spain face the unprecedented impact of the Great Recession and the COVID-19 crisis in short sequence. Moreover, they have also experienced a deterioration in their employment and earnings over the last three decades. In this paper, we document this evolution and adopt a longitudinal approach to show that employment and earnings losses suffered by young workers during recessions are not made up in the subsequent expansions. We also estimate the size of the scarring effects of entering the job market in a recession for college-educated workers during their first decade in the labor market. Our empirical estimates indicate that while there is some evidence of scarring effects, the driving force is a trend worsening of youth labor market outcomes.
Genetic testing—whether to allow complete freedom? Direct to consumer tests versus genetic tests for medical purposes
Authors: Malgorzata Madej , Maria Sąsiadek , Michał Witt 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDirect-to-consumer tests opened the opportunity of genetic testing without medical supervision, e.g., without medical referral and medical interpretation of the results. Thus, these approaches allow for free access to information concerning individual genetic profile increasing the area of personal freedom, but also posing the risk of false (positive and negative) or misinterpreted results along with health and psychological negative consequences. The paper discusses medical and non-medical applications of DTC, exploring also the legal framework implemented by European states and organizations. These legal acts strive to control the developing DTC market through such basic principles as patient protection, informed consent, medical information confidentiality, and the rights to know and to refuse knowledge about one’s genetic predispositions.
UAV low-altitude obstacle detection based on the fusion of LiDAR and camera
Authors: Ma Zhaowei , Yao Wenchen , Niu Yifeng , Lin Bosen , Liu Tianqing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, aiming at the flying scene of the small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the low-altitude suburban environment, we choose the sensor configuration scheme of LiDAR and visible light camera, and design the static and dynamic obstacle detection algorithms based on sensor fusion. For static obstacles such as power lines and buildings in the low-altitude environment, the way that image-assisted verification of point clouds is used to fuse the contour information of the images and the depth information of the point clouds to obtain the location and size of static obstacles. For unknown dynamic obstacles such as rotary-wing UAVs, the IMM-UKF algorithm is designed to fuse the distance measurement information of point clouds and the high precision angle measurement information of image to achieve accurate estimation of the location and velocity of the dynamic obstacles. We build an experimental platform to verify the effectiveness of the obstacle detection algorithm in actual scenes and evaluate the relevant performance indexes.
Inter-phylum negative interactions affect soil bacterial community dynamics and functions during soybean development under long-term nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Zhang Chunfang , Jiao Shuo , Shu Duntao , Wei Gehong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUnderstanding interspecies interactions is essential to predict the response of microbial communities to exogenous perturbation. Herein, rhizospheric and bulk soils were collected from five developmental stages of soybean, which grew in soils receiving 16-year nitrogen inputs. Bacterial communities and functional profiles were examined using high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR, respectively. The objective of this study was to identify the key bacterial interactions that influenced community dynamics and functions. We found that the stages of soybean development outcompeted nitrogen fertilization management in shaping bacterial community structure, while fertilization treatments significantly shaped the abundance distribution of nitrogen functional genes. Temporal variations in bacterial abundances increased in bulk soils, especially at the stage of soybean branching, which helps to infer underlying negative interspecies interactions. Members ofCyanobacteriaandActinobacteriaactively engaged in inter-phylum negative interactions in bulk soils and soybean rhizosphere, respectively. Furthermore, the negative interactions between nitrogen-fixing functional groups and the reduction ofnifHgene abundance were coupled during soybean development, which may help to explain the linkages between population dynamics and functions. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of inter-phylum negative interactions in shaping the correlation patterns of bacterial communities and in determining soil functional potential.
From discursive resistance to new genealogies: rethinking Israelite identities in Africa through the case of Nuer Christian Zionists
Authors: Gidron Yotam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractScholars have commonly interpreted the emergence of claims of Israelite descent among African peoples as attempts of marginalized communities to construct empowering identities by drawing on biblical narratives. This article tries to make sense of such claims from a more emic perspective, not as an instrumental counter-discourse but as a genuine attempt to grapple with the nature of ethnic membership and the place of certain communities in relation to biblical genealogies, time and space. The article explores the claims of Nuer members of several Evangelical Zionist churches operating in western Ethiopia and South Sudan that the Nuer are among the ‘lost tribes’ of Israel. It demonstrates how Nuer Zionists have reinterpreted Nuer identity, known for its permeability and constructivist nature, in light of contemporary premillennialist Zionist notions of history and peoplehood, which emphasize ethnic fixity and focus on lineages, exclusive bloodlines and biological descent. The article offers a new perspective on Israelite identities in Africa and on the influence of born-again Christianity on the construction of ethnic identities.
‘Monkeys play by sizes’: the reconstruction of military hierarchy in Ghana's armed forces
Authors: Agyekum Humphrey Asamoah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGhana's post-independence era has been shaped by a series of coups and numerous attempted military interventions. While the involvement of the Ghana Armed Forces in politics has received widespread academic attention, the detrimental effects of these events on the military as an institution remain largely understudied. Using the coups of 1979 and 1981 as a point of departure, the article explores from an institutional perspective how the disruption of the everyday in the Ghanaian barracks resulted in the temporal breakdown of discipline and the collapse of military hierarchy. The article further examines the measures taken by the Provisional National Defence Council junta to rebuild and nurture hierarchy following its breakdown. It is also argued that restoration of hierarchy in the Ghanaian barracks called not only for an appeal to soldierly values, such as respect for rank and authority, but also for dramatic performances of authority and military hierarchy. The article depicts hierarchy in various settings, while exploring how the military order is expressed and lived in the current constellation. In short, the article not only illustrates a historical evolution, but also demonstrates that the maintenance of order and hierarchy in a closed institution such as the military is an ongoing and continuous negotiation process.