bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary phytochemical index associated with cardiovascular risk factor in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Aghdam Saeideh Delshad , Siassi Fereydoun , Esfahani Ensieh Nasli , Qorbani Mostafa , Rajab Asadollah , Sajjadpour Zahra , Bashiri Anahita , Aghayan Maryam , Sotoudeh Gity 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Dietary phytochemical index (DPI) is useful and inexpensive method to identify the role of phytochemicals on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This study aimed to assess the relationship between DPI and CVD risk factors in patients with type1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Methods

A total of 261 participants aged 18–35 years with T1DM were enrolled in this cross-sectional study to assess the relationship between DPI and CVD risk factors. Anthropometric measurements, blood lipids, glucose, and antioxidant level were measured. Food intakes were determined using a food frequency questionnaire to calculate DPI. Logistic regression was used.
Results

The mean age of participants was 25 years. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of DPI had 88% lower chance of hyperglycemia (P for trend = 0.020), 81% lower chance of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P for trend = 0.030) and 98% lower chance of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to HDL-C ratio (P for tend = 0.040). There were no relationships between DPI and other CVD risk factors.
Conclusions

Although higher intake of phytochemical-rich foods had a beneficial effect on some risk factors of CVD, more studies more studies are warranted to corroborate the present findings.
Probabilistic multi – hazard assessment at an active but under-monitored volcano: Ceboruco, Mexico
Authors: Constantinescu Robert , Zuccoloto Karime González , Ferrés Dolors , Sieron Katrin , Siebe Claus , Connor Charles , Capra Lucia , Tonini Roberto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We conduct a probabilistic volcanic hazard assessment for Ceboruco volcano (Mexico) using PyBetVH, an e-tool based on the Bayesian event tree (BET) methodology. We use available information about the volcano, including eruptive history, numerical and theoretical models, to generate probability maps. Our hazard assessment accounts for the variability of eruption types expected at Ceboruco and the hazardous volcanic phenomena these eruptions generate. We create a generic event tree for Ceboruco to account for magmatic and amagmatic activity. For a magmatic eruption, we choose three scenarios: i) small (effusive), ii) medium (vulcanian/subPlinian) and iii) large (Plinian) based on the Holocene history of the volcano; with their related hazardous phenomena: ballistics, tephra fallout, pyroclastic density currents, lahars and lava flows. Despite numerous eruptions in the latest Holocene and efforts by several university and government groups to create and sustain a monitoring network, Ceboruco remains under-monitored, meaning that it is intermittently rather than continuously monitored by dedicated groups. With no consistent monitoring data available, we look at the geology and the eruptive history to inform our prior models. We estimate the probability of a magmatic eruption within the next time window (1 year) of ~ 0.002. We show how the BET creates higher probabilities in the absence of monitoring data. That is, there is a cost in terms of higher probabilities and higher uncertainties for having not yet developed a sustained volcano monitoring network. We present absolute probability maps (unconditional in terms of eruption size and vent location) for a magmatic eruption at Ceboruco volcano. With PyBetVH we estimate and visualize the uncertainties associated with each hazard map. Our intent is that hazard maps and uncertainties will be useful to local authorities who need to understand the hazard maps when considering the development of long-term urban and land-use planning and short-term crisis management strategies, and to the scientific community in their efforts to sustain monitoring of this active volcano.
Task-dependent effects of nicotine treatment on auditory performance in young-adult and elderly human nonsmokers
Authors: Sun Shuping , Kapolowicz Michelle , Richardson Matthew , Metherate Raju , Zeng Fan-Gang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Rationale

Electrophysiological studies show that nicotine enhances neural responses to characteristic frequency stimuli. Previous behavioral studies partially corroborate these findings in young adults, showing that nicotine selectively enhances auditory processing in difficult listening conditions. The present work extended previous work to include both young and older adults and assessed the nicotine effect on sound frequency and intensity discrimination.
Objectives

Hypotheses were that nicotine improves auditory performance and that the degree of improvement is inversely proportional to baseline performance.
Methods

Young (19–23 years old) normal-hearing nonsmokers and elderly (61–80) nonsmokers with normal hearing up to at least 2 kHz received nicotine gum (6 mg) or placebo gum in a single-blind, randomized crossover design. Participants performed three experiments (frequency discrimination, frequency modulation identification, and intensity discrimination) before and after treatment. The perceptual differences were analyzed between post-treatment nicotine and placebo conditions as a function of pre-treatment baseline performance.
Results

Nicotine significantly improved performance for intensity discrimination, and improvement was more pronounced in the elderly with lower baseline performance. Nicotine had no overall effect on the two frequency related tasks.
Conclusions

Nicotine effects are task-dependent, enhancing intensity discrimination but not frequency performance.
Near Infra-Red Labelling and Tracking of Transplanted Corneal Endothelial Graft
Authors: Bhogal Maninder , Ang Heng-Pei , Lin Shu-Jun , Chan Lwin , Adnan Khadijah , Peh Gary , Mehta Jodhbir 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Following corneal transplantation, there is an initial decline in corneal endothelial cells (CECs) following graft preparation and surgery. Monitoring post-transplantation is only possible months after surgery by specular microscopy, which has a limited field of view. We have developed a labelling approach using 1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3’-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DIR) dye solution, that enabled tracking of labelled CECs in vivo for at least one month. Initial in vitro optimization of dye concentration, cellular toxicity and real-time cell migration was assessed using propagated primary CECs. Subsequent in vivo evaluation of cellular labelling was assessed within a rabbit wound healing model. Finally, real-time visualization of human cadaver donor tissue incubated in DIR transplanted into rabbits was achieved using the Heidelberg Spectralis. Results revealed detectable fluorescence increased with concentration to a plateau of 100µg/ml, with no toxicity of CECs at any concentration evaluated. DIR-labelled CECs were detectable in vivo upto 1 month, and transplanted labelled donor graft could be visualized and were trackable in vivo. Acute endothelial rejection in 1 rabbit was evidenced by detectable DIR positive cells within the anterior chamber. DIR imaging allowed for detailed imaging of the transplanted corneal endothelium, and enabled non-invasive observation of the corneal endothelial morphology following transplantation.
Mode of action of Lippia graveolens essential oil on Salmonellaenterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
Authors: Ortega Annie Rubio , Guinoiseau Elodie , Quilichini Yann , Serra Dominique de Rocca , Poli Jean-Pierre , Novelles Maria del Carmen Travieso , Castaño Ivette Espinosa , Pérez Oriela Pino , Berti Liliane , Lorenzi Vannina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The essential oils are a powerful natural resource with antibacterial activity. This work aims at the mode of action of Lippia graveolens Kunth essential oil of plants growing in Cuba on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium. The effects of this oil on cell integrity were determined by time-kill, bacteriolysis and loss of 260 and 280-nm-absorbing material assays and total proteins leakage. Also, depolarization of the membrane by essential oil was monitored and intracellular and extracellular ATP was measured. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used for observed morphologic change. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L. graveolens essential oil and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) were 0.4 and 0.8 mg/mL respectively. This essential oil showed a bactericidal action against over S . Typhimurium in a few minutes. After treatment, the cell lysis was not occurred, but little intracellular material and total proteins leakage were observed. This essential oil depolarizes the cell membrane, disturb metabolic processes and changes the structure of cytoplasmic membrane. These results suggest as primary mode of action of L. graveolens essential oil over S . Typhimurium an increased permeability of the membrane and depolarization of inside membrane, inhibition of ATPase or disturbance in proton motive force that finally provokes death of cells. L. graveolens essential oil is a botanic resource can be used for the control of the salmonellosis, foodborne disease.
Ovarian Tumor Mitochondria Exhibit Abnormal Phenotypes and Blunted Associations with Biobehavioral Factors
Authors: Bindra Snehal , McGill Marlon , Triplett Marina , Tyagi Anisha , Thaker Premal , Dahmoush Laila , Goodheart Michael , Ogden Todd , Owusu-Ansah Edward , Karan Kalpita , Cole Steve , Sood Anil , Lutgendorf Susan , Picard Martin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tumor cells exhibit mitochondrial alterations and are also influenced by biobehavioral processes, but the intersection of biobehavioral factors and tumor mitochondria remains unexplored. Here we examined multiple biochemical and molecular markers of mitochondrial content and function in benign and cancerous ovarian tissue in parallel with exploratory analyses of biobehavioral factors. First, analysis of a publicly-available database (n=1,435) showed that gene expression of specific mitochondrial proteins in ovarian tumors is associated with survival. Quantifying multiple biochemical and molecular markers of mitochondrial content and function in 51 benign and 128 high-grade epithelial ovarian tumors revealed that compared to benign tissue, tumors exhibit 3.3-8.4-fold higher mitochondrial content and respiratory chain enzymatic activities (P<0.001) but similar mitochondrial DNA levels (-3.1%), documenting abnormal mitochondrial phenotypes in tumors. Mitochondrial respiratory chain activity was also associated with interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in ascites. In benign tissue, negative biobehavioral factors were inversely correlated with mitochondrial content and respiratory chain activities, whereas positive biobehavioral factors tended to be positively correlated with mitochondrial measures, although effect sizes were small to medium (r=-0.43 to 0.47). In contrast, serous tumors showed less pronounced biobehavioral-mitochondrial correlations. These results document abnormal mitochondrial functional phenotypes in ovarian tumors and warrant further research on the link between biobehavioral factors and mitochondria in cancer.
Identification&nbsp;of a Phosphorus-Solubilizing Tsukamurella Tyrosinosolvens&nbsp;Strain and its Effect on the Bacterial Diversity of the Rhizosphere Soil of Peanuts Growth-Promoting
Authors: Han Lizhen , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms widely exist in plant rhizosphere soil, but report about the P solubilization and multiple growth-promoting properties of rare actinomycetes are scarce. In this paper, a phosphate solubilizing Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens P9 strain was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tea plants. Phosphorus-dissolving abilities of this strain were different under different carbon and nitrogen sources, the soluble phosphorus content was 442.41 mg/L with glucose and potassium nitrate as nutrient sources. The secretion of various organic acids, such as lactic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, etc, was the main mechanism for P solubilization and pH value in culture was very significant negative correlation with soluble P content. In addition, this strain had multiple growth-promoting characteristics with 37.26 μg/mL of IAA and 72.01% of siderophore relative content. Under pot experiments, P9 strain improved obviously the growth of peanut seedlings. The bacterial communities of peanut rhizoshpere soil were assessed after inoculated with P9 strain. It showed that there was no significant difference in alpha-diversity indices between the inoculation and control groups, but the P9 treatment group changed the composition of bacterial communities, which increased the relative abundance of beneficial and functional microbes, which relative abundances of Chitinophagaceae and Beijerinckiaceae at the family level, and of Flavihumibacter , Ramlibacter and Microvirga at the genus level, were all siginificant increased. Specially, Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens were only detected in the rhizosphere of the inoculated group. This study not only founded growth-promoting properties of T . tyrosinosolvens P9 strain and its possible phosphate solublizing mechanism, but also expected to afford an excellent strain resource in biological fertilizers.
Cytokine Signature and COVID-19 Prediction Models in the Two Waves of Pandemics.
Authors: Cabaro Serena , D'Esposito Vittoria , Matola Tiziana Di , Sale Silvia , Cennamo Michele , Terracciano Daniela , Parisi Valentina , Oriente Francesco , Portella Giuseppe , Beguinot Francesco , Atripaldi Luigi , Sansone Mario , Formisano Pietro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In Europe, two waves of infections with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) have been observed to date. Here, we have investigated whether common patterns of cytokines could be detected in individuals with mild and severe forms of COVID-19 in the two pandemic waves, and whether machine learning approach could be useful to identify the best predictors. An increasing trend of multiple cytokines was observed in patients with mild or severe/critical symptoms of COVID-19, compared with healthy volunteers. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) clearly recognized the three groups based on cytokine patterns. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) further indicated that IL-6 discriminated controls and COVID-19 patients, whilst IL-8 defined disease severity. During the second wave of pandemics, a less intense cytokine storm was observed. CART analysis revealed that IL-6 was the most robust predictor of infection and discriminated moderate COVID-19 patients from healthy controls, regardless of epidemic peak curve. Thus, serum cytokine patterns provide non-invasive biomarkers useful for COVID-19 diagnosis and prognosis. Further definition of individual cytokines may allow to envision novel therapeutic options and pave the way to set up innovative diagnostic tools.
Perinatal Mood Disorders in Second Trimester Pregnant Women with Cervical Insufficiency, a Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Luo Chunqi , Zou Qiaojian , Liang Huiling , Chen Jingyi , Chen Xuanmin , Yang Weiquan , Chen Jiebing , Yao Shuzhong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Perinatal mood disorders can seriously endanger the health of pregnant women and fetus, affect family relationships and cause heavy burden and potential hazards to family and society. This study aims to investigate anxiety and depression in second trimester pregnant women with cervical insufficiency (CI) and identify its risk factors, so as to provide guidance for daily clinic work.Methods: From April 2019 to July 2020, 98 mid-pregnancy women with CI underwent laparoscopic cervical cerclage in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were selected as observation group and 166 normal pregnant women in second trimester were set as control group. Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were applied to evaluate perinatal mood disorders in both groups.Results: Pregnant women in CI group had a SAS score of 46.31±11.29 and SDS score of 54.12±11.72, higher than the SAS score of 41.63±7.70 and SDS score of 47.56±9.31 in control group (both P<0.001). While 32.65% and 67.35% of pregnant women in observation group were considered to have different degrees of anxiety and depression, only 15.06% and 30.72% of normal pregnant women meet the same condition (both P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that educational experience is an independent protective factor for depression disorder in second trimester pregnant women with CI.Conclusion: Pregnant women with CI are prone to develop anxiety and depression in the second trimester than normal pregnant women, therefore doctors and nurses should pay more attention to them in clinic work.
Uncovering the Universality of COVID-19 Fatality Rates
Authors: Leão João Rodrigo Souza , Lima Gustavo Zampier Dos Santos 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An important and elusive characteristic of the COVID-19 pandemic is the fatality rate which allows us to understand the severity of this disease, health care needs, and the impact on large populations. To address this and other questions we present a probabilistic model to study the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic and to correct the case fatality rates. Our model employs probabilities to estimate the time evolution of infections, recoveries, and deaths. This model discriminates asymptomatic, mild/moderate, and severe cases and allows for the estimation of undiagnosed individuals. Furthermore, we compare the model curves to official data for medium-sized cities, world metropolises, and medium-sized countries, spanning a range of populations from a few million to several million individuals. Using the undiagnosed estimates we correct the case fatality rates and find that it ranges from 0.33% ± 0.02% to 1.14% ± 0.07%. Since we applied the method to cities and countries with different characteristics, the corrected case fatality rates indicate a universality that is independent of location and other social/demographic conditions. Our results agree with sample tests and seroprevalence studies, considerably changing our understanding of the COVID-19 fatality rates. Other applications include the estimate for severe cases, ICU needs, and undiagnosed cases.
Exogenous Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1) Suppresses the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Inhibits Pyroptosis in Synoviocytes from Osteoarthritic Joints via Activation of the AMPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Shuya , Mobasheri Ali , Zhang Yue , Wang Yanli , Dai Tianqi , Zhang Zhiyi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveNLRP3 inflammasome may play a key role in OA pathogenesis. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a homeostatic CXC chemokine. Since the role of SDF-1 in OA has not been explored, this study aimed to examine the effect of SDF-1 on NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in synoviocytes from OA joints.Materials and MethodsHuman synovium was obtained from OA patients for isolation of primary synoviocytes and a murine model of collagen-induced OA was established for testing intra-articular injections of SDF-1. Immunoblotting assays were used to examine the effects and underlying mechanism of action of SDF-1 on NLRP3 inflammasome and synoviocyte pyroptosis in synoviocytes. Inhibitors of AMPK and PI3K-mTOR were utilized to investigate the key signaling pathways involved in SDF-1-mediated OA inflammasome formation and pyroptosis.ResultsSynoviocytes from OA joints exhibited significantly higher expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and biomarkers of synoviocyte pyroptosis relative to healthy individuals. This was confirmed in the collagen-induced OA model, where OA synoviocytes had a significantly lower SDF-1 expression than healthy ones. SDF-1 treatment in synoviocytes of OA patients and collagen-induced OA led to significant downregulation in the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and synoviocyte pyroptosis biomarkers. Inhibition of the AMPK signaling pathway significantly suppressed the inhibitory effect of SDF-1 on NLRP3 inflammasome expression of OA synoviocytes. However, blocking the SDF-1-activated PI3K-mTOR signaling pathway could still suppress the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and synoviocyte pyroptosis biomarkers.Conclusions﻿SDF-1 ameliorates NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in OA synoviocytes through activation of the AMPK signaling pathway. Therefore, SDF-1 may be a novel therapeutic target for OA.
The association between overweight/obesity and double diabetes in adults with type 1 diabetes; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cantley Nathan , Lonnen Kathryn , Kyrou Ioannis , Tahrani Abd , Kahal Hassan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Backrgound: Double Diabetes (DD), type 1 diabetes (T1DM) + insulin resistance (IR), is associated with increased risk of micro/macro-vascular complications and mortality. Obesity can contribute to the development of DD. This study explored the prevalence of overweight/obesity and their association with DD in adults with T1DM.Methods: Cross-sectional study of consecutive adults with T1DM attending diabetes clinics in a secondary care hospital (January-November 2019). Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) was used as a marker of IR, and an eGDR <8 was used to identify individuals with DD. Results: 107 adults with T1DM were included; female/male: 51/56; age [median (inter-quartile range): 30.0 (23-51) years]; BMI 25.4 (22.8-30.0) kg/m2. Overweight/obesity prevalence was 57/107 (53.3%) [overweight: 30/107 (28%); obesity: 27/107 (25.2%)]. Compared to those with normal BMI, individuals with T1DM and overweight/obesity had longer diabetes duration; higher total daily insulin dose; and higher DD prevalence: 48/57 (84.2%) vs 14/50 (28%) (p<0.01); with similar HbA1c. BMI correlated with total daily insulin dose (rho=0.55; p<0.01). Individuals with DD were older, had longer duration of diabetes, higher HbA1c, and more adverse lipid profile and microalbuminuria compared to those without DD.Conclusions: Overweight/obesity is very common in adults with T1DM, and is associated with double diabetes. BMI is positively associated with total insulin dose. Double diabetes is associated with adverse cardiovascular risk profile and is also common in lean individuals with T1DM. Further research is needed to examine the impact of overweight/obesity in people with T1DM and whether weight loss in this population can improve diabetes-related outcomes.
Environmental Degradation, Economic Growth and Non-renewable Energy in Selected South Asian Countries: Trivariate Analysis From DCCE-MG Approach
Authors: ADELEYE Bosede Ngozi , AKAM Darlington , INUWA Nasiru , JAMES Henry Tumba , BASILA Denis , OSABUOHIEN Evans 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study investigates and provides evidence on the impact of economic growth and non-renewable energy on environmental degradation. Using unbalanced panel data from 1990 to 2018 on five South Asian countries and engaging the dynamic common correlated effects-mean group (DCCE-MG) technique of Ditzen (2016, 2018), findings support the energy-led degradation hypothesis while the growth-led degradation hypothesis does not hold but both are supported from FMOLS and DOLS robustness checks. In order words, non-renewable energy and economic growth significantly drive environmental degradation. Country-level results are mixed with Nepal evidencing energy-led degradation, Pakistan shows growth-led degradation while India indicates growth-led sustainability. Supportively, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin (2012) non-Granger causality test establishes: (1) energy-led and growth-led degradation, (2) feedback causal relation between environmental degradation and non-renewable energy, and (3) unidirectional causality from growth to non-renewable energy i.e. “conservation” hypothesis. Policy implications are discussed.