bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection Molecular of Leishmania Spp. And Blood Source in Female Sand Flies in the Parque Estadual Do Rio Doce and in the Municipality of Timóteo, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Authors: de Souza Cristian Ferreira , Santos Carlos Alberto dos , Bevilacqua Paula Dias , Filho José Dilermando Andrade , Brazil Reginaldo Peçanha 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasis is a set of diseases caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) and transmitted by the bite of female sand fly insects (Diptera: Psychodidae). The present work was characterized as a descriptive study comparing two areas: a wild area where the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PERD) is located and another urban area, located in the municipality of Timóteo-MG (AUT). Aiming to identify the presence of Leishmania spp. and the blood source of collected female sand flies. Methods: Sand flies were collected with CDC light trap model HP, between September 2012 and February 2014. We used 19 traps in the Urban Area of ​​Timóteo and 12 in the Rio Doce State Park. For molecular studies of Leishmania spp. DNA we used ITS1 gene and in the search of blood source, with naturally fed females, the CytB gene was used and positive samples were sequenced. Results: It was clear that in the municipality of Timóteo there are at least three species of Leishmania: Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) guyanensis. A large presence of Leishmania braziliensis DNA was identified in female sand flies. Nyssomyia whitmani was the most captured species in the urban area, while in the PERD it was Pressatia choti, both species were positive for the presence of Leishmania braziliensis DNA. And last but not least was the record of the participation of Gallus gallus (chicken) and Sus scrofa (pig) as a blood source for sandflies, which helps to maintain the life cycle of vectors in the urban area of ​​the municipality.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that Leishmania braziliensis is the main tegumentary leishmaniasis transmitter agent in the study area, with effective participation of Nyssomyia whitmani as a vector. And it draws attention to the possibility that Gallus gallus (chicken) and Sus scrofa (pig) are fundamental in maintaining the cycle in urban areas.
LncRNA PVT1 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by Forming a Positive Feedback Loop With STAT5B
Authors: Li Zhuo , Liu Jian , Fu Huifeng , Li Yuanwei , Lu Qaing , Song Wei , Wang Jiansong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (LncRNA PVT1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B (STAT5B) have been reported to play important roles in various cancers, but their interaction in bladder cancer (BC) remains unclear. Purpose: In this study, we aimed to explore the interaction between lncRNA PVT1 and STAT5B in BC tumorigenesis. Methods: The association of the expression of the lncRNA PVT1 and STAT5B to the prognosis of patient with BC was evaluated via bioinformatic analysis. Loss- and gain-of-function assays were performed to determine the biological functions of lncRNA PVT1 and STAT5B in BC cells. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to detect lncRNA PVT1 and STAT5B expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to determine the regulatory effect of lncRNA PVT1 on STAT5B. The transcriptional effect of STAT5B on lncRNA PVT1 gene was determined using luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA-affinity precipitation assays.Results: We found that lncRNA PVT1 and STAT5B enhance the expression of each other and promote the malignant phenotypes in BC, including cell viability and invasion. lncRNA PVT1 stabilizes STAT5B by decreasing ubiquitination, enhances STAT5B phosphorylation, and promotes the translocation to the nucleus of STAT5B to trigger further carcinogenesis activities. In the nucleus, STAT5B activates the transcription of lncRNA PVT1 by binding directly to its promoter region, leading to a positive feedback.Conclusions: We first identified the lncRNA PVT1/STAT5B positive feedback loop for bladder carcinogenesis, which may provide new molecular targets for interventions of BC.
Genome-Wide Analysis of the CCT Gene Family in Chinese White Pear (Pyrus Bretschneideri Rehd.) and Characterization of PbPRR2 in Response to Varying Light Signals
Authors: Liu Zheng , Liu Jia-Li , An Lin , Wu Tao , Yang Li , Cheng Yin-Sheng , Nie Xian-Shuang , Qin Zhong-Qi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Canopy architecture is critical in determining the light environment, and subsequently the photosynthetic productivity of fruit crops. Numerous CCT domain-containing genes are crucial for plant adaptive responses to diverse environmental cues. Due to the biological importance of CCT genes, many researchers have focused on their functional characterization. However, little information was available about the CCT genes (PbCCTs) of pear, an important fruit crop.Results: Genome-wide sequence analysis identified 42 putative PbCCTs in the genome of pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.). Phylogenetic analysis indicated these genes were divided into five subfamilies, namely, COL (14 members), PRR (8 members), ZIM (6 members), TCR1 (6 members) and ASML2 (8 members). Analysis of exon-intron structures and conserved domains provided support for the classification. Genome duplication analysis indicated that segmental duplication events played a crucial role in the expansion of the CCT family in pear, and that the CCT family evolved under the effect of purifying selection. Expression profiles exhibited diverse expression patterns of PbCCTs in various tissues and in response to varying red and blue light. Additionally, transient overexpression of PbPRR2 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in inhibition of photosynthetic performance, suggesting that PbPRR2 may be a negative regulator of photosynthesis. Conclusions:This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the CCT gene family in pear and will facilitate further functional investigations of the PbCCTs to uncover their biological roles in light response.
Maceral study to determine the desorbed gas content in the Upper Cretaceous coals of the Landázuri area, Middle Magdalena Valley Basin, Colombia
Authors: Guatame Clara , Rincón Marco , Bermúdez Mauricio 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
For several decades, some coal petrographic properties have been proposed as important parameters in the methane gas sorption processes. In this contribution, the petrographic variables (Vitrinite Ratio, Inertinite Ratio, the petrographic indexes (Gelification Index, Groundwater Index, Tissue Preservation Index, Vegetation Index, Vitrinite/Inertinite ratio, and the Vitrinite Reflectance were evaluated according to the maceral preservation and were related with the desorbed gas content. Twenty-five coal seams obtained from the drill cores of two wells in the Landázuri Area-Valle Medio del Magdalena basin were analyzed. The coal samples were grouped according to gas content using principal component analysis (PCA). The petrographic results were analyzed by linear regression and multiple regression. The Medium Volatile Bituminous to Low Volatile Bituminous coals from Landázuri 1 are twice as high in gas content that the High Volatile Bituminous A to Medium Volatile Bituminous coals from Landázuri 2. The volume percentage and the preservation degree macerals are related closely to the gas content and the pore's size involved in the sorption process. The Inertinite is the maceral group related with the highest gas content groups in Landázuri (600 SCF-Standard Cubic Feet/ton, 300 SCF/ton), while the other groups show the correspondence with the vitrinite macerals. The syngenetic and diagenetic origin of the pyrite contributes microporosity to the desorption process, while the pyrite epigenetic by its size reduces it. The petrographic indexes reveal that the Upper Cretaceous coals were developed in swampy or lacustrine continental basins- limnic facies.
Profile of Ocular Trauma Patients presenting to the National Eye Referral Hospital, Asmara, Eritrea
Authors: Ibrahim Oluwafemi Adekunmi , Michael Danait , Misghna Hermela , Ibrahim Amir , Russom Rut 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Ocular trauma is a significant disabling health problem and a leading cause of visual impairment and loss worldwide. These injuries have many diverse costs including human suffering, long term disabilities, loss of productivity and economic hardship. Therefore, assessing the profile of ocular trauma, the etiology and its outcome is critical to the prevention of ocular injuries
Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted on ocular trauma patients presenting to Berhan Ayni National Eye Referral Hospital from August – November, 2018. Data on demography, presenting visual acuity, type of injury and visual outcome were collected using a standardized questionnaire. The types of injuries were classified according to Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System. Pearson Chi-Square test (χ2)/or Fisher’s exact test in the Crosstab procedure was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess risk factors associated with blindness.
Result

280 patients were seen with ocular trauma in the hospital during the study period. Males were 198 (70.7%) and peak age was 18–40 years. Ocular injury commonly occurred at home (31.8%), street and high way (31.4%) and workplace (28.9%). 24.7% of the injury was work-related. Common causes of injury were blunt objects (37.5%), sharp objects (31.1%) and fall (12.5%). 27.8% had open globe injury (OGI). Blindness was associated with rural residence (p < 0.0001), presentation greater than 24 hours (p = 0.04), non-use of eye protection goggles (p = 0.007), open globe injury (p = 0.018), posterior segment involvement (p < 0.0001) and hospitalization (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion

Immediate and comprehensive medical care is mandatory for ocular trauma patients. Educating the public especially at home and workplace is essential to prevent eye injuries.
Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia and spike protein
Authors: De Michele Manuela , Piscopo Paola , Crestini Alessio , Rivabene Roberto , d'Amati Giulia , Leopizzi Martina , Stefanini Lucia , Flego Davide , Pulcinelli Fabio , Chistolini Antonio , Iacobucci Marta , Schiavo Oscar , Berto Irene , Nicolini Ettore , Petraglia Luca , Mascio Maria Teresa Di , Toni Danilo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background.

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare syndrome of unclear aetiology occurring after DNA-based vaccinations against COVID-19. The aim of this study was to investigate the DNA vaccine-encoded Sars-cov-2 soluble spike protein (SP). as a potential trigger of platelet activation in VITT.
Methods.

We studied three VITT patients and seven healthy controls (HCs) within 3 weeks from the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and one non vaccinated HC. Serum levels of SP and soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (sACE2), ACE2 expression in platelets and platelet response to VITT serum stimulation were studied. A thrombus retrieved during mechanical thrombectomy from one VITT patients, was analysed by immunohistochemistry for SP and ACE2. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) markers and coagulation parameters were also measured.
Results.

We detected serum SP (up to 35 days post-vaccination) and sACE2 in all VITT patients, and respectively in two and three out of 7 vaccinated HCs. Only platelets from one non-vaccinated HC expressed ACE2. VITT sera markedly activated platelets and this activation was inhibited by both anti-SP and anti-FcγRIIA blocking antibodies. The thrombus showed positive immunohistochemical labelling of platelets using an anti-SP antibody with reduced ACE2 expression, compared to a thrombus from a pre-pandemic stroke patient. Markers of endothelial dysfunction, NETs and hypercoagulability state were present in all VITT sera.
Conclusions.

The present data provides first evidence that DNA vaccine-encoded Sars-cov-2 SP is detectable in VITT sera (several weeks post-vaccination) and in a platelet-rich thrombus, and that may contribute to the initial platelet stimulation in VITT patients.
Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Algorithm Based on Overlapping Group Sparse Model-Deep Complex Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: AN FENGPING , Wang Jianrong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As the key component of a mechanical system, rolling bearings will cause paralysis of the entire mechanical system once they fail. In recent years, considering the high generalization ability and nonlinear modeling ability of deep learning, a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on deep learning has been formed, and good results have been achieved. However, because this kind of method is still in the initial development stage, its main problems are as follows. First, it is difficult to extract the composite fault signal feature of rolling bearing. Second, the existing deep learning rolling bearing fault diagnosis methods cannot well consider the problem of multi-scale information of rolling bearing signals. Therefore, this paper first proposes the overlapping group sparse model. It constructs weight coefficients by analyzing the salient features of the signal. It uses convex optimization techniques to solve the sparse optimization model, and applies the method to the feature extraction of rolling bearing composite faults. For the problem of multi-scale feature information extraction of rolling bearing composite fault signals, this paper proposes a new deep complex convolutional neural network model. This model fully considers the multi-scale information of rolling bearing signals. The complex information in this model not only contains rich representation ability, but also can extract more scale information. Finally, the classifier of this model is used to identify rolling bearing faults. Based on this, this paper proposes a new rolling bearing fault diagnosis algorithm based on overlapping group sparse model-deep complex convolutional neural network. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can not only effectively identify rolling bearing faults under constant operating conditions, but also accurately identify rolling bearing fault signals under changing operating conditions. Additionally, the classification accuracy of the method proposed in this paper is greatly improved compared with traditional machine learning methods. It also has certain advantages over other deep learning methods.
Assessment of the synergic effect of Avastin and VEGF siRNA on inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenic factor expression of human breast cancer cells
Authors: Deezagi Abdolkhalegh , Ghorbani Bahar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important process in tumor growth and metastasis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in this process. Several VEGF inhibitors have been developed as anticancer agents including humanized monoclonal antibodies, and various small molecules. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of combination of VEGF siRNA and Avastin on breast cancer MCF-7 cell line behavior. For this purpose, the cells were treated with different concentrations of Avastin and/or VEGF siRNA and their combination. The cell survival and cell proliferation were assayed by cell counting, trypan blue and MTT tests. The cell migration was assayed by scratching test. VEGF expression was assayed by RT and real-time PCR and ELISA methods. Results indicated the significant increase in cell death following treatment with Avastin (50% cell death at 100 µg/ml). Cell death with VEGF siRNA transfection was lower than Avastin, however, it was significant. This result in VEGF siRNA + Avastin (100 µg/ml) treatment was greater compared to treatment with each of these compounds alone (47%). Scratching results also showed the synergic effect of VEGF siRNA and Avastin (57% decrease). Real-time PCR results showed that Avastin at concentrations of ≥ 50 µg/ml led to 2.5 to 7.5-fold decrease in VEGF expression levels. Also, treatment with VEGF siRNA led to 15.5-fold decrease in VEGF expression. Finally, VEGF expression following VEGF siRNA + Avastin treatment led to a significant 47.5-fold decrease in VEGF expression. It could be concluded that combination of VEGF siRNA and Avastin have a more significant impact on the inhibition of cell growth and migration and it can probably be used as an effective therapeutic approach.
Comprehensive analysis of early pregnancy loss based on cytogenetic findings from a tertiary referral center
Authors: wu Xiaoqing , Su Linjuan , Xie Xiaorui , He Deqin , Chen Xuemei , Wang Meiying , Wang Linshuo , Xu Liangpu , Zheng Lin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy loss is one of the most common complications during pregnancy. Clinical consultation and comprehensive understanding of the etiology are critical for reducing anxiety, distress, and depression. This study aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis for products of conception (POC) in miscarriage based on genetic etiology and clinical information.
Methods
Retrospective observation was performed on cytogenetic findings of 1252 POC form spontaneous pregnancy loss over an 11-year period. The frequencies and profiles of chromosomal abnormalities were discussed according to the classification of women with different maternal age, previous miscarriage history, normal live birth history, and different mode of conception.
Results
A total of 667 (53.2%) chromosomal abnormalities were observed, including 597 (47.7%) cases of numerical abnormalities, 33 (2.6%) cases of unbalanced structural abnormalities, 32 (2.6%) cases of mosaicism, and 5 (0.4%) cases of balanced rearrangement. In group of women above 40 years of age, the detection rates of chromosomal abnormalities and viable autosomal trisomy were significantly higher than those in groups of ≤ 29, 30 ~ 34, 35 ~ 39 years of age (p < 0.05). The detection rate of abnormal karyotype in women with normal live birth history was 61.1%, significantly higher than 52.5% in women without normal live birth history (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference among women without, with 1–2, and ≥ 3 previous miscarriages in the rate of abnormal karyotype (p > 0.05), and viable autosomal trisomy was less common in women with ≥ 3 previous miscarriages. The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities was 49.0% and 41.0% in women with assisted conception and natural conception (p > 0.05), respectively, and monosomy X was more frequently detected in women with natural conception.
Conclusion
The frequencies and profiles of chromosomal abnormalities in early miscarriages are strongly associated with clinical information including the maternal age, previous miscarriage, live birth history, and mode of conception. Even in women with a first miscarriage, or with a history of normal live births, chromosomal analysis of POC should be recommended for etiological assessment.
Reprogramming of endogenous Müller cells into photoreceptor-like cells induced by small-molecule compounds in mice
Authors: Fujii Yuya , Arima Mitsuru , Murakami Yusuke , Sonoda Koh-Hei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Lifelong visual impairment occurs from retinal diseases due to the inability of photoreceptor cells to regenerate in mammals. We demonstrated that endogenous Müller cells (MCs) in mice differentiate into photoreceptor-like cells by intravitreal injection of four small-molecule compounds: tumor growth factor-β inhibitor, bone morphogenetic protein inhibitor, glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitor, and γ-secretase inhibitor. In vitro, the messenger RNA of rhodopsin (Rho) in MCs increased 30-fold, and 25% of cultured MCs expressed Rho protein 7 days after stimulation with these compounds. In vivo, Rho-positive cells were regenerated on day 7 after the intravitreal injection of four compounds, accompanied with recovery of Rho-derived scotopic function. Lineage tracing in mice treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, a disease model of photoreceptor degeneration, showed that the regenerated Rho-positive cells were originated from endogenous MCs. Finally, the regeneration of Rho-positive cells was also induced in the retina of rd10 mice, a model with similar genetic mutation as humans. Notably, the intravitreal injection significantly reduced cone cell death in rd10 mice. This treatment could be a new strategy in retinal regenerative medicine where mammalian endogenous MCs are reprogrammed into photoreceptor cells independent of transplantation or gene transfer.
The Flow Cytometry Marker for Early Detection of Irradiation Injury in NOG Mice Bone Marrow: A Short Report
Authors: Kavianpour Maria , Muhammadnejad Samad , Moradzadeh Kobra , Jabbarpour Zahra , Khorsand Amir Arsalan , Aghayan Sajjad , Vasei Mohammad , Verdi Javad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Radiation is used for myeloablation in mice's bone marrow (BM) for hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) engraftment experiments. To assess post-radiation damage to the BM, an accessible and convenient marker is needed. This study comparatively evaluated the flow cytometer's effectiveness in detecting the ROS and Annexin V-PI level.
Methods

We divided 30 NOG mice between irradiated (n = 20) and control groups (n = 10) for each time point. After sacrificing BM samples were collected, the percentage of annexin V, PI, and ROS were investigated at two different time points (Day 2 and 14 after exposure).
Results

At the first timepoint, the level of ROS was higher in the irradiated group than in the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Also, at the second timepoint, the mean differences of all markers in the irradiated group were significant compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions

Thus, in this mice strain to assess the BM irradiation-induced injury, measurement of ROS level is helpful.
Superior japonica rice variety YJ144 with improved rice blast resistance, yield, and quality achieved using molecular design and multiple breeding strategies
Authors: Mao Ting , Zhu Mingdong , Ahmad Shakeel , Ye Guoyou , Sheng Zhonghua , Hu Shikai , Jiao Guiai , Xie Lihong , Tang Shaoqing , Wei Xiangjin , Hu Peisong , Shao Gaoneng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Yanfeng 47 (YF47) is an elite japonica rice variety cultivated in China on nearly 2 million hectares over the past 20 years. However, YF47 is highly susceptible to rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae), one of the most destructive rice diseases. In this study, we developed novel TPAP (tetra-primer ARMS-PCR) functional markers for the genes Pita, Pib and Pid2, all of which afford broad-spectrum resistance to blast. A collection of 91 japonica rice germplasms with similar ecological characteristics to YF47 was screened, and Wuyunjing 27 (WYJ27) with Pita and Pib alleles, and P135 with the Pid2 allele, were identified. Furthermore, the corresponding positive Pita, Pib and Pid2 alleles were transferred into YF47 using single, mutual and backcrosses, together with molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) and anther culture technology. These genetic materials, carrying one, two, or three functional alleles, were generated within three years, and compared to YF47 they all showed improved resistance to naturally inoculated rice blast. Further improved lines (IL) 1 to 5 (all containing Pita, Pib and Pid2 alleles) were evaluated for yield performance, and when no fungicide was applied all lines except IL-4 showed increased traits compared with those of YF47. IL-5, renamed Yanjing 144 (YJ144), showed yield increases in the Liaoning province regional variety comparison test and superior appearance quality compared to YF47. Our work provides a molecular design strategy for pyramiding multiple beneficial genes to rapidly improve rice blast resistance, yield, and quality using multiple breeding strategies.