bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infectious disease outbreak prediction using media articles with machine learning models
Authors: Kim Juhyeon , Ahn Insung 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhen a newly emerging infectious disease breaks out in a country, it brings critical damage to both human health conditions and the national economy. For this reason, apprehending which disease will newly emerge, and preparing countermeasures for that disease, are required. Many different types of infectious diseases are emerging and threatening global human health conditions. For this reason, the detection of emerging infectious disease pattern is critical. However, as the epidemic spread of infectious disease occurs sporadically and rapidly, it is not easy to predict whether an infectious disease will emerge or not. Furthermore, accumulating data related to a specific infectious disease is not easy. For these reasons, finding useful data and building a prediction model with these data is required. The Internet press releases numerous articles every day that rapidly reflect currently pending issues. Thus, in this research, we accumulated Internet articles from Medisys that were related to infectious disease, to see if news data could be used to predict infectious disease outbreak. Articles related to infectious disease from January to December 2019 were collected. In this study, we evaluated if newly emerging infectious diseases could be detected using the news article data. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Semi-supervised Learning (SSL), and Deep Neural Network (DNN) were used for prediction to examine the use of information embedded in the web articles: and to detect the pattern of emerging infectious disease.
Transketolase regulates sensitivity to APR-246 in p53-null cells independently of oxidative stress modulation
Authors: Milne Julia V. , Zhang Bonnie Z. , Fujihara Kenji M. , Dawar Swati , Phillips Wayne A. , Clemons Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe prevalence and dire implications of mutations in the tumour suppressor, p53, highlight its appeal as a chemotherapeutic target. We recently showed that impairing cellular antioxidant systems via inhibition of SLC7A11, a component of the system xc− cystine-glutamate antiporter, enhances sensitivity to mutant-p53 targeted therapy, APR-246. We investigated whether this synergy extends to other genes, such as those encoding enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). TKT, one of the major enzymes of the PPP, is allegedly regulated by NRF2, which is in turn impaired by accumulated mutant-p53 protein. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between mutant-p53, TKT and sensitivity to APR-246. We found that mutant-p53 does not alter expression of TKT, nor is TKT modulated directly by NRF2, suggesting a more complex mechanism at play. Furthermore, we found that in p53null cells, knockdown of TKT increased sensitivity to APR-246, whilst TKT overexpression conferred resistance to the drug. However, neither permutation elicited any effect on cells overexpressing mutant-p53 protein, despite mediating oxidative stress levels in a similar fashion to that in p53-null cells. In sum, this study has unveiled TKT expression as a determinant for sensitivity to APR-246 in p53-null cells.
Identification of candidate repurposable drugs to combat COVID-19 using a signature-based approach
Authors: O’Donovan Sinead M. , Imami Ali , Eby Hunter , Henkel Nicholas D. , Creeden Justin Fortune , Asah Sophie , Zhang Xiaolu , Wu Xiaojun , Alnafisah Rawan , Taylor R. Travis , Reigle James , Thorman Alexander , Shamsaei Behrouz , Meller Jarek , McCullumsmith Robert E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 is more contagious than other coronaviruses and has higher rates of mortality than influenza. Identification of effective therapeutics is a crucial tool to treat those infected with SARS-CoV-2 and limit the spread of this novel disease globally. We deployed a bioinformatics workflow to identify candidate drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. Using an “omics” repository, the Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures (LINCS), we simultaneously probed transcriptomic signatures of putative COVID-19 drugs and publicly available SARS-CoV-2 infected cell lines to identify novel therapeutics. We identified a shortlist of 20 candidate drugs: 8 are already under trial for the treatment of COVID-19, the remaining 12 have antiviral properties and 6 have antiviral efficacy against coronaviruses specifically, in vitro. All candidate drugs are either FDA approved or are under investigation. Our candidate drug findings are discordant with (i.e., reverse) SARS-CoV-2 transcriptome signatures generated in vitro, and a subset are also identified in transcriptome signatures generated from COVID-19 patient samples, like the MEK inhibitor selumetinib. Overall, our findings provide additional support for drugs that are already being explored as therapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19 and identify promising novel targets that are worthy of further investigation.
Tropical storms trigger phytoplankton blooms in the deserts of north Indian Ocean
Authors: Kuttippurath J. , Sunanda N. , Martin M. V. , Chakraborty Kunal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAs the phytoplanktons consume carbon dioxide, they significantly influence the global carbon cycle and thus, the global temperature by modifying sea surface temperature. Studies on the changes in chlorophyll–a (Chl-a) amount are therefore, key for understanding the changes in ocean productivity, global carbon budget and climate. Here, we report the cyclone-induced Chl-a blooms in the North Indian Ocean (NIO) using the ocean colour measurements from satellites for the past two decades (1997–2019). The average Chl-a concentration associated with cyclone-induced phytoplankton blooms is around 1.65 mg/m3, which is about 20–3000% higher than the average open ocean or pre-cyclone Chl-a levels, depending on the cyclones. In general, the phytoplankton bloom is inversely related to the translational speed (TS) of cyclones, as slower storms make intense Chl-a blooms. In addition to wind-induced upwelling and TS of cyclones, cold-core eddies also play a major role in enhancement of Chl-a when the cyclones encounter eddies on their track. It is observed that the cyclone-induced phytoplankton blooms are larger in the La Niña years than that in the El Niño and normal years. The amplitude of bloom is higher for the positive IOD years in Bay of Bengal, but for negative IOD years in Arabian Sea. Henceforth, this study provides new insights into the life cycle, seasonal changes, and magnitude of the cyclone-induced primary production, remote forcing and greenhouse mediated climate change in NIO.
βA1-crystallin regulates glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in mouse retinal astrocytes by modulating PTP1B activity
Authors: Ghosh Sayan , Liu Haitao , Yazdankhah Meysam , Stepicheva Nadezda , Shang Peng , Vaidya Tanuja , Hose Stacey , Gupta Urvi , Calderon Michael Joseph , Hu Ming-Wen , Nair Archana Padmanabhan , Weiss Joseph , Fitting Christopher S. , Bhutto Imran A. , Gadde Santosh Gopi Krishna , Naik Naveen Kumar , Jaydev Chaitra , Lutty Gerard A. , Handa James T. , Jayagopal Ashwath , Qian Jiang , Sahel José-Alain , Rajasundaram Dhivyaa , Sergeev Yuri , Zigler J. Samuel , Sethu Swaminathan , Watkins Simon , Ghosh Arkasubhra , Sinha Debasish 
Published: February 2021

AbstractβA3/A1-crystallin, a lens protein that is also expressed in astrocytes, is produced as βA3 and βA1-crystallin isoforms by leaky ribosomal scanning. In a previous human proteome high-throughput array, we found that βA3/A1-crystallin interacts with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a key regulator of glucose metabolism. This prompted us to explore possible roles of βA3/A1-crystallin in metabolism of retinal astrocytes. We found that βA1-crystallin acts as an uncompetitive inhibitor of PTP1B, but βA3-crystallin does not. Loss of βA1-crystallin in astrocytes triggers metabolic abnormalities and inflammation. In CRISPR/cas9 gene-edited βA1-knockdown (KD) mice, but not in βA3-knockout (KO) mice, the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic retinopathy (DR)-like phenotype is exacerbated. Here, we have identified βA1-crystallin as a regulator of PTP1B; loss of this regulation may be a new mechanism by which astrocytes contribute to DR. Interestingly, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients showed reduced βA1-crystallin and higher levels of PTP1B in the vitreous humor.
Photoreceptor metabolic reprogramming: current understanding and therapeutic implications
Authors: Pan Warren W. , Wubben Thomas J. , Besirli Cagri G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAcquired and inherited retinal disorders are responsible for vision loss in an increasing proportion of individuals worldwide. Photoreceptor (PR) death is central to the vision loss individuals experience in these various retinal diseases. Unfortunately, there is a lack of treatment options to prevent PR loss, so an urgent unmet need exists for therapies that improve PR survival and ultimately, vision. The retina is one of the most energy demanding tissues in the body, and this is driven in large part by the metabolic needs of PRs. Recent studies suggest that disruption of nutrient availability and regulation of cell metabolism may be a unifying mechanism in PR death. Understanding retinal cell metabolism and how it is altered in disease has been identified as a priority area of research. The focus of this review is on the recent advances in the understanding of PR metabolism and how it is critical to reduction-oxidation (redox) balance, the outer retinal metabolic ecosystem, and retinal disease. The importance of these metabolic processes is just beginning to be realized and unraveling the metabolic and redox pathways integral to PR health may identify novel targets for neuroprotective strategies that prevent blindness in the heterogenous group of retinal disorders.
Relevanz und Auswirkungen der 3. BtMVVÄndV für die Opioidsubstitutionstherapie
Authors: Lehmann Kirsten , Kuhn Silke , Schulte Bernd , Verthein Uwe 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Opioidsubstitutionstherapie (OST) ist in Deutschland die wichtigste Therapieoption zur Behandlung der Opioidabhängigkeit. Trotz ihrer Effektivität limitieren strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen und die Zurückhaltung v. a. jüngerer ÄrztInnen, die Substitution anzubieten oder fortzuführen, die Ausweitung dieser Behandlung. Mit der 3. Verordnung zur Änderung der Betäubungsmittel-Verschreibungsverordnung (3. BtMVVÄndV) wurden 2017 umfassende Reformen der Rahmenbedingungen der Opioidsubstitutionstherapie verabschiedet. In dem vorliegenden Artikel werden die Ergebnisse leitfadengestützter Interviews mit substituierenden ÄrztInnen als ein Bestandteil einer umfassenden Evaluation dieser Änderungen vorgestellt.
Methode Im Zeitraum zwischen Dezember 2019 bis April 2020 wurden in den deutschen Bundesländern Hamburg, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Sachsen und Bayern insgesamt 31 qualitative Interviews mit substituierenden ÄrztInnen geführt. Der Interviewleitfaden beinhaltete Fragen zu den in der 3. BtMVVÄndV beschlossenen Neuerungen, zu strukturellen Voraussetzungen sowie Vorstellungen für eine zukünftige Gestaltung der Opioidsubstitutionstherapie.
Ergebnisse Das Durchschnittsalter der interviewten ÄrztInnen lag bei 58,5 Jahren, 77,4% waren männlich und 54,8% konsiliarisch tätig. Die Veränderungen der Substitutionsrichtlinie werden überwiegend positiv bewertet; bezogen auf die praktische Relevanz bestehen jedoch bundeslandbezogene Unterschiede. Eine hohe praktische Relevanz wird der Ausdehnung der Take-Home-Verordnung auf 30 Tage, der Ausnahme vom Sichtbezug auf 5 Tage sowie dem veränderten Umgang mit Beikonsum zugeschrieben. Von untergeordneter Bedeutung ist die Möglichkeit, nunmehr 10 anstatt 3 PatientInnen unter der Konsiliarregelung behandeln zu dürfen.
Schlussfolgerungen Die veränderten Vorschriften dürften nicht ausreichen, um neue ÄrztInnen für die Opioidsubstitutionstherapie zu gewinnen. Kooperationen mit Apotheken, Pflegeeinrichtungen und staatlichen Institutionen werden zukünftig an Bedeutung gewinnen. Ferner ist eine Unterstützung niedergelassener ÄrztInnen durch Substitutionsambulanzen, Psychiatrische Institutsambulanzen sowie Bezirkskrankenhäuser erforderlich. Der Behandlung von Abhängigkeitserkrankungen sollte in der Ausbildung von MedizinerInnen ein größerer Stellenwert zukommen.
Was wissen wir über die Zusammenhänge von Urbanisierung und psychischen Erkrankungen?
Authors: Richter Daniel , Löbner Margrit , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Gühne Uta 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Arbeit Der in Städten lebende Anteil der Weltbevölkerung wird bis zum Jahr 2050 auf über zwei Drittel ansteigen. Die Arbeit gibt einen Überblick zu Untersuchungen über psychische Erkrankungen im Zusammenhang mit Urbanisierung und den zugrunde gelegten Konzepten.
Methodik Systematische Suche in Medline, Health Evidence und Google Scholar nach systematischen Übersichtsarbeiten und Einzelstudien. Analyse des Urbanisierungsbegriffs.
Ergebnisse Das urbane Setting geht mit höheren Inzidenz- und Prävalenzraten insbesondere für Störungen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis sowie affektive Erkrankungen einher. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Urbanisierung und psychischer Gesundheit bei Zuwanderern (Migration: Land in Stadt) ist nicht eindeutig belegt. Soziodemografische und -ökonomische Faktoren wirken moderierend. Urbanisierung wird in den Arbeiten wenig einheitlich konzeptualisiert.
Schlussfolgerung Weitere nachhaltige Untersuchungen mit einheitlichen methodischen Konzepten und aktuellen Geburtskohorten sind erforderlich.
Effectiveness of Secondary Alveolar Bone Graft on Canine Eruption: Systematic Review
Authors: Lacerda-Santos Rogério , Batista Rhaslla Gonçalves , Neves Samantha Silva , Araújo José Lucas dos Santos , Vieira Rayssa Amaral , Carvalho Fabiola Galbiatti de , Pithon Matheus Melo , Martins Carolina de Castro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There are controversies related to the effects of bone grafts on tooth eruption and impaction in patients with cleft lip and palate. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of bone grafting on eruption of canines in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). An electronic search was conducted in six electronic databases and gray literature, without limitations on year of publication or language. The primary outcome was the increase in rate of canine eruption; the secondary outcomes were success of the bone graft, canine impaction due to agenesis of the lateral incisor, and effect of orthodontic treatment before and after bone grafting. The risk of bias was analyzed by means of the tool Cochrane risk of bias in nonrandomized controlled trials (NRCTs) of interventions (ROBINS-I). The certainty of the evidence was assessed for outcomes reported through a narrative synthesis using grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach. Four NRCTs were included, with a total of 360 patients, 283 UCLP and 77 bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). The studies reported association between the increase in the rate of tooth eruption and bone graft with very low certainty of evidence, and greater experience of surgical success, with low certainty of evidence. The majority of the studies found an association between increase in the rate of canine impaction and agenesis of the lateral incisor, with very low certainty of evidence. There was very low certainty of the efficacy of secondary alveolar bone grafting for increasing the rates of eruption and reducing impaction of the maxillary canine.
Off-Pump Technique May Prevent Worsening of Renal Function in CAD with CKD Undergoing CABG
Authors: Afsal Shaheen , Sujani K. , Viswanathan Shashank , Bhati Akshay , BR Harish , Kanchi Muralidhar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause for a significant proportion of all deaths and disability worldwide. Postoperative renal dysfunction following cardiac surgery is not an uncommon complication of cardiac surgery, which has serious implications with regard to morbidity, mortality, financial expenditure, and resource utilization. This study was performed to compare outcomes of patients with preoperative renal dysfunction with those having normal renal function undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Patients were divided into two categories, depending on their preoperative serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The preoperative renal dysfunction was defined as serum creatinine >1.3 mg/dL and/or estimated GFR (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The category A patients had normal renal function defined as serum creatinine ≤1.3 mg/dL and/or eGFR of ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 while the category B patients had preoperative renal dysfunction that did not necessitate renal dialysis. Blood samples were collected from both category patients for serum creatinine prior to surgery, following surgery, on postoperative days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and on the day of discharge. The occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) was defined as an increase in the serum creatinine levels of ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours or an increase of ≥1.5 above baseline known or presumed to have occurred within the previous 7 days based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. This study demonstrated that there was worsening of renal function in 7.4% of patients with normal renal function and 10.74% of patients with renal dysfunction that was not statistically different. Based on the results, we conclude that preoperative renal dysfunction may be a contributing predictor of AKI following OPCABG, and we recommend that the patients with more severe renal dysfunction with eGFR of 45–60 mL/min should be studied to demonstrate this hypothesis.
Japanese politicians’ questions in parliament
Authors: Tanaka Lidia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This chapter addresses the paucity of research on parliamentary discourse in Japan by examining questions used in The House of Representatives Plenary Meetings (2014–2017). This study looks at grammatical, functional and turn-taking aspects to explore Japanese politicians’ questioning strategies and to ascertain whether the canonical ka-question is favored over other types of question forms. It also examines linguistic impoliteness which is noticeable in the discourse on both sides – the questioner and the answerer – or the opposition and the government. The analysis shows that Japanese politicians draw on very polarized questioning and answering strategies. Very polite forms are used but also aggressive linguistic strategies are deployed showing how language is used as a tool to attack the opposing members of Parliament and to defend own policies.
“You were resisting the whole time!”
Authors: Casey L. Guditus 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This chapter uses critical discourse analysis (CDA) (Blommaert and Bulcaen 2000) to examine white police interactions with Black civilians in the United States. The syntactic, pragmatic, and discursive evidence in the interactions indicates the officers approach the interactions through an arrest framework based on assumption of civilian guilt. In contrast, it is arguable from the ways civilians ask questions and react to the officers’ accusations they frame the interactions as information exchanges. Because of this difference in framing, officers interpret actions allowable within an information exchange as “resistance” within an arrest framework, justifiying use of force against the civilians. This bias in the way civilians are treated when officers assume guilt problematizes this institutional interaction as unsafe for Black civilians.
Constructing interrupting inquiries as cooperative interactions
Authors: Nakamura Momoko 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This chapter examines how speakers manage the simultaneous occurrence of questioning and interruption. The data are 22 sequences consisting of an interviewer’s interrupting question, the interviewee’s response, and the interviewer’s hai ‘yes’, from 60-minute interviews with eight women. I analyze what discursive strategies the interview participants employ to construct such sequences as cooperative interactions. The analysis shows that: (1) the interviewee constructs the sequence as a side activity, sustaining the status of her narrative as the main activity; (2) the interviewee turns the side activity into a crucial contribution to the interaction; and (3) the interviewer utilizes hai to explicitly transfer speakership to the interviewee. The findings demonstrate the importance of examining questions within sequences of ongoing interaction.
Tourism Planning in the Slovak High Tatras
Authors: Travis Anthony S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The High Tatras mountain range separates Poland and Slovakia. Planning for tourism in this mountain area was mainly undertaken between the late 1940s and the 1970s and demonstrates an exceptional level of sophistication and quality. The planning goals included: recreation and tourist travel, essentially for a domestic audience; environmental protection of high-altitude regions, and their study; and therapeutic treatment. This case study describes the planning principles behind these objectives and how these goals were achieved.

Information
Adapted from 'Introduction to the High Tatras and the Slovak High Tatras Case study'. In: Travis A.S. (eds) Planning for Tourism, Leisure and Sustainability. CAB International, pp. 88-94
© T. Travis 2011
How the Singapore Tourism Board Confronted the 2002–2003 SARS Crisis
Authors: Joan Henderson 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
When the SARS virus was detected in Singapore in 2002, the Singapore Tourism Board stepped forward to become a key actor in the city’s response. Representing both government and the industry, it managed to maintain Singapore’s credibility as a tourist destination by the provision of up-to-date information for markets and the industry at home and abroad.

Information

Adapted from ‘Chapter 14 – International tourism and infectious diseases: managing the SARS crisis in Singapore’. In: Laws E., Prideaux B. and Chon K. (eds)
Crisis Management in Tourism
. CABI, pp. 186-199.

© CAB International 2007
Pilgrimage Trails in Japan’s Kii Peninsula
Authors: Ward-Perkins David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Kii Peninsula boasts an exceptional heritage of ancient temples and monasteries. These assets have been opened up to tourism through the development of pilgrimage walking routes, attractive both to religious and cultural tourists. The Kumano Kodo trails link rural communities and small towns (population of 30,000–75,000) that are around 3 hours from major cities and that have few resources apart from small-scale agriculture and tourism.

Information
TEAM Tourism Consulting, adapted from cases prepared for STRELKA KB (2019)
© CAB International 2019