bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus saturation index and water-extractable phosphorus in high-legacy phosphorus soils in southern British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Messiga Aimé J. , Lam Camellia , Li Yunkun 
Published: March 2021

Understanding of the risk of phosphorus (P) loss to the environment is crucial to monitor soil P and implement policies for P management. We assessed P sorption characteristics and adapted a P saturation index (PSI) for silage corn and blueberry fields in south coastal British Columbia (BC), Canada. We used 284 composite soil samples with contrasting P levels collected from eight silage corn and 23 blueberry fields across south coastal BC. The P sorption maximum (Smax) varied between 982 and 2532 mg P·kg−1 and was influenced by aluminum concentration and organic matter content. The degree of P saturation was related to water-extractable P (Pw) by a quadratic regression with R2 = 0.85. A critical Pw = 3.7 mg·kg−1 was established across the two cropping systems. The silage corn fields with pH > 5.5 had critical PSI value of 10.4%, and blueberry fields with pH < 4.7 had critical PSI value of 18.0%. These results showed that the risk of P loss from soil in the silage corn was high, but it was low for blueberry because the critical PSI for silage corn fields was lower than for blueberry fields, and therefore, saturation would be more easily reached, even though more P is applied to blueberry fields. The combination of a critical PSI and Pw as agri-environmental indicators will help farmers and professionals to identify fields with risk of P loss, to implement a nutrient management plan, and to monitor how this risk changes with time.
Study on the anomalous quartic $$W^+W^-\gamma \gamma $$ couplings of electroweak bosons in $$e^-p$$ collisions at the LHeC and the FCC-he
Authors: Gutiérrez-Rodríguez A. , Hernández-Ruíz M. A. , Gurkanli E. , Ari V. , Köksal M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a study is carried out on the $$e^-p \rightarrow e^-\gamma ^* p \rightarrow p W^-\gamma \nu _e$$

e
-

p
→

e
-

γ
∗

p
→
p

W
-

γ

ν
e

production to probe quartic $$W^+W^-\gamma \gamma $$

W
+

W
-

γ
γ

couplings at the Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) with $$\sqrt{s}= 1.30, 1.98\,\hbox {TeV}$$

s

=
1.30
,
1.98

TeV

and at the Future Circular Collider-hadron electron (FCC-he) with $$\sqrt{s}= 3.46, 5.29\,\hbox {TeV}$$

s

=
3.46
,
5.29

TeV

. Production cross-sections are determined for both at leptonic and hadronic decay channels of the W-boson. With the data from future $$e^-p$$

e
-

p

colliders, it is possible to obtain sensitivity measures at $$95\%$$

95
%

C.L. on the anomalous $$f_ {M,i}/\Lambda ^4$$

f

M
,
i

/

Λ
4

and $$ f_ {T,j}/\Lambda ^4$$

f

T
,
j

/

Λ
4

couplings which are competitive with the limits obtained by the LHC, as well as with others limits reported in the literature. The production mode $$e^-p \rightarrow e^-\gamma ^* p \rightarrow p W^-\gamma \nu _e $$

e
-

p
→

e
-

γ
∗

p
→
p

W
-

γ

ν
e

in $$e^-p$$

e
-

p

collisions offers a window for study the quartic $$W^+W^-\gamma \gamma $$

W
+

W
-

γ
γ

electroweak bosons couplings at the LHeC and the FCC-he, which provides a much cleaner collision environment than the LHC.
Atypical Microbiological Feature of Infectious Endophthalmitis on Jeju Island: A 10-Year Study at a Single Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Park Joong Hyun , Kim Dong Yoon , Ha Ahnul , Ma Dae Joong , Lee Hye Jin , Jeong Jinho , Kim Jin Young 
Published: March 2021

Background. To analyze the microbiological causes of infectious endophthalmitis on an isolated island over ten years. Methods. A retrospective review of the medical records of 49 eyes clinically diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis between January 2009 and December 2018 was done. The subjects were recruited from a single tertiary referral center on Jeju Island. The baseline characteristics of all subjects were investigated, and a culture examination was performed. The isolated pathogens were analyzed to determine how their microbiological features differed from those in regions with different geographical conditions. Results. Of the 49 eyes, causative microorganisms were identified in 27 eyes (55.1%). Bacteria were found in 24 cases and fungi in 3 cases. Among the exogenous causes, Staphylococcus species (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and S. hominis) were the most common pathogens (7 cases). Achromobacter xylosoxidans was the second most common causative pathogen (4 cases) followed by Moraxella species (3 cases). The most frequent endogenous origin was due to Klebsiella pneumoniae (6 cases). The subjects were divided into two groups according to the treatment results and analyzed for predisposing factors related to visual outcomes. The presence of diabetes mellitus (

P

= 0.038) and initial visual acuity (

P

≤ 0.001) were significant predisposing factors for visual outcomes. Conclusion. The causative microorganisms of endogenous endophthalmitis on Jeju Island were not different from those reported previously. However, isolated exogenous microorganisms were different from those reported in other studies from inland areas. A high incidence and atypical clinical features of Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Moraxella in exogenous endophthalmitis were observed, reflective of the distinct climatic features of Jeju Island: high humidity and temperature. Therefore, considering the causative microorganisms of exogenous endophthalmitis, it may be assumed that the causative microorganisms of exogenous endophthalmitis and its clinical manifestations differ according to the region.
Comprehensive Molecular Characterization and Response to Therapy in Fumarate Hydratase–Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Gleeson Jack P. , Nikolovski Ines , Dinatale Renzo , Zucker Mark , Knezevic Andrea , Patil Sujata , Ged Yasser , Kotecha Ritesh R. , Shapnik Natalie , Murray Samuel , Russo Paul , Coleman Jonathan , Lee Chung Han , Stadler Zsofia K. , Hakimi A. Ari , Feldman Darren R. , Motzer Robert J. , Reznik Ed , Voss Martin H. , Chen Ying-Bei , Carlo Maria I. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Fumarate hydratase–deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-RCC) is a rare, aggressive form of RCC associated with hereditary leiomyomatosis and RCC syndrome. Evidence for systemic therapy efficacy is lacking.

Experimental Design:
We studied clinical and genomic characteristics of FH-RCC, including response [objective response rate (ORR)] to systemic therapies and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Patients with metastatic FH-RCC, defined by presence of pathogenic germline or somatic FH mutation plus IHC evidence of FH loss, were included.

Results:
A total of 28 of 32 included patients (median age 46; range, 20–74; M:F, 20:12) underwent germline testing; 23 (82%) harbored a pathogenic FH germline variant. Five (16%) were negative for germline FH mutations; all had biallelic somatic FH loss. Somatic NGS (31/32 patients) revealed co-occurring NF2 mutation most frequently (n = 5). Compared with clear-cell RCC, FH-RCC had a lower mutation count (median 2 vs. 4; P &lt; 0.001) but higher fraction of genome altered (18.7% vs. 10.3%; P = 0.001). A total of 26 patients were evaluable for response to systemic therapy: mTOR/VEGF combination (n = 18, ORR 44%), VEGF monotherapy (n = 15, ORR 20%), checkpoint inhibitor therapy (n = 8, ORR 0%), and mTOR monotherapy (n = 4, ORR 0%). No complete responses were seen. Median overall and progression-free survival were 21.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 14.3–33.8] and 8.7 months (95% CI: 4.8–12.3), respectively.

Conclusions:
Although most FH-RCC tumors are due to germline FH alterations, a significant portion result from biallelic somatic FH loss. Both somatic and germline FH-RCC have similar molecular characteristics, with NF2 mutations, low tumor mutational burden, and high fraction of genome altered. Although immunotherapy alone produced no objective responses, combination mTOR/VEGF therapy showed encouraging results.
Reading Milton through a Feminist Jungian Lens
Authors: Dib Roula-Maria 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
My article re-reads John Milton’s Paradise Lost through a feminist post-Jungian perspective; the study will observe the implications of contemporary Jungian critical approaches toward Milton’s portrayal of Eve, who helps Adam find ‘a paradise within …, happier far’ (PL 12. 587). I will first highlight the negative portrayal of an evil, intellectually inferior Eve in Paradise Lost, and ultimately re-reading the poem—and the role of Eve in it—from the perspective of a feminist Jung. The initial reading of Paradise Lost, in which Eve was regarded as inferior and complementary to Adam, reflects Jung’s criticized notion that the anima’s role is to complement a man’s psychology. This, however, can be read differently through a post-Jungian feminist perspective. From this new viewpoint, Eve can be regarded as Adam’s equal, rather than an inferior company, and a catalyst in their ‘coniunctio’, in which they both individuate (rather than Eve, the anima be subservient to Adam’s individuation) in Paradise Lost. Despite the vast differences between John Milton’s and Carl Jung’s cultural and historical backgrounds, this novel reading of Paradise Lost in context of revisions to Jung’s anima theory and theory of individuation offers a more positive view on the poet’s depiction of Eve in keeping with more recent developments in Milton scholarship, which have drawn attention to the way the text questions conventions of gender hierarchy and patriarchy.
Molar ratios of dietary phytate to minerals and iron status of female residential students in University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Marjia , Hasan Towhid , Shaheen Nazma 
Published: March 2021

Background: Female undergraduate students may undergo many health implications due to the transition from secondary to undergraduate level. Aim: The study was aimed to assess molar ratios of phytate to minerals (calcium, zinc, and iron) in the diets, and to measure the iron status of resident female students at Dhaka University. Methods: In total, 180 female students between 18–26 years of age from 3 dormitories of Dhaka University were selected for the study. Dietary intake information was collected over three consecutive days. Multiple-Pass 24-hour recall. Blood hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels were analyzed for sub-sample (20 participants from each dormitory). Results: The mean dietary intake of phytate, calcium, zinc, and iron were estimated at 347.11, 181.04, 6.59, and 7.14 mg/day, and hemoglobin and serum ferritin at 11.34 g/dl, and 18.48 ng/ml, respectively. The respective molar ratios of phytate: calcium, phytate: zinc, phytate: iron and phytate × calcium: zinc were 0.13, 5.27, 4.20, and 21.26 in the diet of the respondents. The prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia among the respondents was found to be 51.7%, 48.4%, and 28.3%, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that only zinc intake had positive association with hemoglobin, while iron and zinc intake had a significant positive, and phytate:iron molar ratio had a significant negative association with serum ferritin concentration ( p < 0.05). After adjusting all significant determinants of serum ferritin, no predictors have found significant. Conclusions: Larger and more specific research is needed to clearly understand the mechanism behind anemia and iron deficiency among female residential students.
User Involvement in the Design and Development of Patient Decision Aids and Other Personal Health Tools: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vaisson Gratianne , Provencher Thierry , Dugas Michèle , Trottier Marie-Ève , Chipenda Dansokho Selma , Colquhoun Heather , Fagerlin Angela , Giguere Anik M. C. , Hakim Hina , Haslett Lynne , Hoffman Aubri S. , Ivers Noah M. , Julien Anne-Sophie , Légaré France , Renaud Jean-Sébastien , Stacey Dawn , Volk Robert J. , Witteman Holly O. 
Published: March 2021

Background When designing and developing patient decision aids, guidelines recommend involving patients and stakeholders. There are myriad ways to do this. We aimed to describe how such involvement occurs by synthesizing reports of patient decision aid design and development within a user-centered design framework and to provide context by synthesizing reports of user-centered design applied to other personal health tools. Methods We included articles describing at least one development step of 1) a patient decision aid, 2) user- or human-centered design of another personal health tool, or 3) evaluation of these. We organized data within a user-centered design framework comprising 3 elements in iterative cycles: understanding users, developing/refining prototype, and observing users. Results We included 607 articles describing 325 patient decision aid projects and 65 other personal health tool projects. Fifty percent of patient decision aid projects reported involving users in at least 1 step for understanding users, 35% in at least 1 step for developing/refining the prototype, and 84% in at least 1 step for observing users’ interaction with the prototype. In comparison, other personal health tool projects reported 91%, 49%, and 92%, respectively. A total of 74% of patient decision aid projects and 92% of other personal health tool projects reported iterative processes, both with a median of 3 iterative cycles. Preliminary evaluations such as usability or feasibility testing were reported in 66% of patient decision aid projects and 89% of other personal health tool projects. Conclusions By synthesizing design and development practices, we offer evidence-based portraits of user involvement. Those wishing to further align patient decision aid design and development with user-centered design methods could involve users earlier, design and develop iteratively, and report processes in greater detail.
Connecting Smallholders’ Marketplace Decisions to Agricultural Market Reform Policy in India – An Empirical Exploration
Authors: Argade Aashish , Laha Arnab Kumar , Jaiswal Anand Kumar 
Published: March 2021

Governments in developing countries have attempted to reform inefficient agricultural markets through direct interventions, market-oriented approaches, and institutional mechanisms, with one of the aims being improving the lot of smallholder farmers. However, such interventions often fell short of yielding desired results, perhaps because broad macro objectives failed to take into account micro-level processes. This study examines smallholder farmers’ market selection decisions and attempts to establish if these have a bearing on legislative goals of agricultural marketing reforms. Analysis of survey data using binary logistic regression, reveals that farmers choose between two prominent marketplaces – APMC and farm gate – on the basis of factors such as perishability of produce, quality testing infrastructure at the marketplace, and services provided by buyers such as grading and sorting or transportation. Findings are reinforced by an extended part of the study where farmers ranked assumptive marketplace scenarios developed by incorporating different marketplace features. Results demonstrate the possibility of enabling systemic changes in agricultural markets by catering to grassroots decision mechanisms. Implications for policy and relevant players engaged in agricultural markets are discussed.
Does Carotid Artery Tortuosity Play a Role in Stroke?
Authors: Saba Luca , Sanfilippo Roberto , Suri Jasjit S. , Cademartiri Filippo , Corrias Giuseppe , Mannelli Lorenzo , Zucca Serena , Senis Ignazio , Montisci Roberto , Wintermark Max 
Published: March 2021

Purpose: To explore the association between carotid artery length and tortuosity, and the occurrence of stroke. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, IRB approved, 411 consecutive patients (males: 245; median age: 56 ± 12 years, age range: 21-93 years) with anterior circulation ischemic stroke were included. Only patients that underwent CTA within 7 days were considered and stroke caused by cardiac embolism and thoracic aorta embolism were excluded. For each patient, both carotid arteries were considered, and the ICA, CCA-ICA length and tortuosity were calculated. Inter-observer analysis was quantified with the Bland-Altman test. Mann-Whitney test and logistic regression analysis were also calculated to test the association between length and tortuosity with the occurrence of stroke. Results: In the final analysis, 166 patients (males: 72; median age: 54 ± 12 years, age range: 24-89 years) with anterior circulation ischemic stroke that were admitted to our hospital between February 2008 and December 2013 were included. The results showed a good concordance for the length of the vessels with a mean variation of 0.7% and 0.5% for CCA-ICA and ICA length respectively an for the tortuosity with a mean variation of 0.2% and -0.4% for CCA-ICA and ICA respectively. The analysis shows a statistically significant association between the tortuosity index of the ICA and CCA-ICA sides with stroke ( P value = 0.0001 in both cases) and these findings were confirmed also with the logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that tortuosity index is associated with the presence of stroke whereas the length of the carotid arteries does not play a significant role.
Argatroban Anticoagulation for Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Geli Janos , Capoccia Massimo , Maybauer Dirk M. , Maybauer Marc O. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Heparin is the widely used anti-coagulation strategy for patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Nevertheless, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and acquired anti-thrombin (AT) deficiency preclude the use of heparin requiring utilization of an alternative anticoagulant agent. Direct thrombin inhibitors are being proposed as potential alternatives with argatroban as one of the main agents. We aimed to review the evidence with regard to safety and efficacy of argatroban as a potential definitive alternative to heparin in the adult patient population undergoing ECMO support. Methods: A web-based systematic literature search was performed in Medline (PubMed) and Embase from inception until June 18, 2020. Results: The search identified 13 publications relevant to the target (4 cohort studies and 9 case series). Case reports and case series with less than 3 cases were not included in the qualitative synthesis. The aggregate number of argatroban treated patients on ECMO was n = 307. In the majority of studies argatroban was used as a continuous infusion without loading dose. Starting doses on ECMO varied between 0.05 and 2 μg/kg/min and were titrated to achieve the chosen therapeutic target range. The activated partial thormboplastin time (aPTT) was the anticoagulation parameter used for monitoring purposes in most studies, whereas some utilized the activated clotting time (ACT). Optimal therapeutic targets varied between 43-70 and 60-100 seconds for aPTT and between 150-210 and 180-230 seconds for ACT. Bleeding and thromboembolic complication rates were comparable to patients treated with unfractionated heparin (UFH). Conclusions: Argatroban infusion rates and anticoagulation target ranges showed substantial variations. The rational for divergent dosing and monitoring approaches are discussed in this paper. Argatroban appears to be a potential alternative to UFH in patients requiring ECMO. To definitively establish its safety, efficacy and ideal dosing strategy, larger prospective studies on well-defined patient populations are warranted.
Age dependence of brachial cuff-based ambulatory PWV in end-stage kidney disease patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Vaios Vasilios , Georgianos Panagiotis I , Vareta Georgia , Divanis Dimitrios , Dounousi Evangelia , Eleftheriadis Theodoros , Papagianni Aikaterini , Zebekakis Pantelis E , Liakopoulos Vassilios 
Published: March 2021

Background: The newly introduced device Mobil-O-Graph (IEM, Stolberg, Germany) combines brachial cuff oscillometry and pulse wave analysis, enabling the determination of pulse wave velocity (PWV) via complex mathematic algorithms during 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). However, the determinants of oscillometric PWV in the end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) population remain poorly understood. Methods: In this study, 81 ESKD patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis underwent 24-h ABPM with the Mobil-O-Graph device. The association of 24-h oscillometric PWV with several demographic, clinical and haemodynamic parameters was explored using linear regression analysis. Results: In univariate analysis, among 21 risk factors, 24-h PWV exhibited a positive relationship with age, body mass index, overhydration assessed via bioimpedance spectroscopy, diabetic status, history of dyslipidaemia and coronary heart disease, and it had a negative relationship with female sex and 24-h heart rate. In stepwise multivariate analysis, age ( β: 0.883), 24-h systolic blood pressure (BP) ( β: 0.217) and 24-h heart rate ( β: −0.083) were the only three factors that remained as independent determinants of 24-h PWV (adjusted R 2 = 0.929). These associations were not modified when all 21 risk factors were analysed conjointly or when the model included only variables shown to be significant in univariate comparisons. Conclusion: The present study shows that age together with simultaneously assessed oscillometric BP and heart rate are the major determinants of Mobil-O-Graph-derived PWV, explaining >90% of the total variation of this marker. This age dependence of oscillometric PWV limits the validity of this marker to detect the premature vascular ageing, a unique characteristic of vascular remodelling in ESKD.
School nurses’ engagement and care ethics in promoting adolescent health
Authors: Hilli Yvonne , Pedersen Gunnel 
Published: March 2021

Background: The school is a key environment for establishing good health habits among pupils. School nurses play a prominent role in health promotion, since they meet with every single adolescent. Research aim: To describe care ethics in the context of school nurses’ health-promoting activities among adolescents in secondary schools. Research design: An explorative descriptive methodology in which semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and content analysis was performed. Participants and research context: Data were collected from eight school nurses in a municipality in Western Sweden. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted according to the ethical principles of the Swedish Research Council (2011), and the written informed consent of the participants was obtained. Findings/discussion: A caring relation, based on care ethics, is the basis for successful health-promoting activities among adolescents. The school nurses show strong engagement in and commitment to caring for and caring about adolescents by being attentive and listening to their expressed feelings and needs, both spoken and unspoken. Furthermore, the school nurses have a deep sense of responsibility in supporting and empowering adolescents to trust their own capabilities. To enhance health and well-being, school nurses emphasize low-threshold counselling, flexibility, openness, early intervention and continuity, as well as good collaboration with the health team at school and with parents. Conclusion: Strengthening person-centred healthcare can provide adolescents with the recognition and support they need to grow into healthy adults. For successful health promotion, all aspects of the ethics of care should be considered as part of an integrated whole based on the integrity of care.