bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00473 promoting migration and invasion of trophoblastic cell line HTR‐8/SVneo via regulating miR‐424‐5p‐mediated wnt3a/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Changqing , Li Hongyun , Zhang Yufen , Ding Huiqing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPreeclampsia (PE) is a serious obstetric complication. Recent studies point out that the functions of long intergenic noncoding RNA 00473 (linc00473), miR‐424‐5p, and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway were involved in the invasion and migration of extravillous trophoblast. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of linc00473 in HTR‐8/SVneo trophoblastic cell line and its role in PE.MethodThe expression levels of linc00473 and miR‐424‐5p in placental tissues and the transfection efficiency of miR‐424‐5p were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). HTR‐8/SVneo cell invasion and proliferation were determined by transwell and Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assays. The protein expressions of wnt3a, p‐GSK3β, GSK3β, active β‐catenin, and total β‐catenin were detected by Western blot. The apoptosis and migration of HTR‐8/SVneo cells were detected by flow cytometry and wound healing assays. The targeting relationships between linc00473, miR‐424‐5p, and wnt3a were predicted by ENCORI database and TargetScan V7.2 and were determined using dual‐luciferase reporter assay.ResultsThe expression level of linc00473 was low and miR‐424‐5p was high in placenta of PE patients. Linc00473 can target miR‐424‐5p, while miR‐424‐5p target wnt3a. High expression of linc00473 and wnt3a promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis. However, miR‐424‐5p mimic inhibited HTR‐8/SVneo cells proliferation, migration, invasion, while promoted cell apoptosis, partially reversed the effect of linc00473, while wnt3a overexpression partially counteracted the effect of miR‐424‐5p mimic.ConclusionLinc00473 mediates the regulation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway by miR‐424‐5p to affect the invasion and migration ability of trophoblastic cell line HTR‐8/SVneo. It indicated that linc00473 is involved in PE and could be a therapeutic target.
New‐onset seizures in adults: Low diagnostic yield of gadolinium contrast in initial brain MRI evaluation
Authors: Nelson Kylan A. , Thaker Ashesh A. , Callen Andrew L. , Albach Erik , Timpone Vincent M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe diagnostic utility of contrast MR‐imaging in adult new‐onset seizures without clinically suspected neoplasia or infection is not well defined in the literature. Imaging guidelines consider both contrast and noncontrast MR‐imaging examinations appropriate in this clinical scenario. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of contrast MR‐sequences in evaluation of seizure in patients without suspicion for neoplasia or infection.MethodsImaging and clinical data were reviewed for 103 consecutive patients admitted for phase‐1 seizure monitoring with the following criteria: (1) MRI‐brain performed with/without intravenous contrast; (2) no clinical suspicion for central nervous system (CNS) infection; and (3) no history of CNS neoplasia, or suspected metastatic disease. Readers designated cases as lesional or nonlesional. Lesional cases were further categorized as either visualized on noncontrast sequences only, contrast sequences only, or both.Results29/103 (28%) patients had epileptogenic lesions, 74/103 (72%) were nonlesional studies. 29/29 (100%) lesional abnormalities were detected on noncontrast sequences (sensitivity 100% [95 confidence interval (CI): 88‐100], specificity 100% [95 CI: 95‐100]). 23/29 (79.3%) lesional cases were visualized on both noncontrast and postcontrast sequences. 6/29 (20.7%) were visualized only on noncontrast sequences. No lesional cases were detected exclusively on postcontrast MR sequences. With an observed nonlesional extraneous contrast MR‐imaging rate of 72%, estimated excess cost of contrast MR‐imaging per 1000 patients using Medicare data was $103,680 USD.ConclusionsContrast MR‐imaging has limited diagnostic utility in initial screening of adult new‐onset seizure patients without clinically suspected neoplasia or infection. More judicious use of contrast MR‐imaging in this patient population may reduce unnecessary exposure to gadolinium and lower associated healthcare costs.
Resilience of frontline nurses during the COVID pandemic in China: A qualitative study
Authors: Huang Feifei , Lin Meilian , Sun Wenxiu , Zhang Lin , Lu Hongzhou , Chen Wei‐Ti 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the resilience of nurses who cared for patients with a confirmed COVID‐19 diagnosis, as well as factors that potentially contributed to that resilience. A total of 23 frontline nurses who cared for patients with COVID‐19 were recruited from a COVID‐19–designated facility in Shanghai, China, using purposive sampling strategies. In‐depth interviews were conducted from March to May 2020. Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and content analysis was used. Nurses exhibited psychological resilience while caring for patients with COVID‐19. They displayed an ability to bounce back from negative mental experiences and transform to a positive mindset to cope with the stress they faced. Factors that enhanced the nurses' resilience during the pandemic were their becoming familiar with infectious disease protocols, having a sense of professional achievement, receiving social support, having trust in the infection‐control response team in the hospital, and using self‐regulation strategies. This study could guide the design of future resilience‐enhancing interventions that provide positive coping strategies for nurses caring for individuals with infectious diseases during a pandemic.
Dual Functions of Riboflavin‐functionalized Poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) Nanoparticles for Enhanced Drug Delivery Efficiency and Photodynamic Therapy in Triple‐negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Mekseriwattana Wid , Phungsom Anunyaporn , Sawasdee Komkrich , Wongwienkham Pattarapa , Kuhakarn Chutima , Chaiyen Pimchai , Katewongsa Kanlaya Prapainop 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCombating triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the greatest challenges in cancer therapy. This is primarily due to the difficulties in developing drug delivery systems that can effectively target cancer sites. In this study, we demonstrated a proof‐of‐principle concept using modified surfaces of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) nanoparticles linked with a riboflavin analogue (PLGA‐CSRf) to obtain a dual‐functional material. PLGA‐CSRf nanoparticles were able to function as a drug delivery ligand and a photodynamic therapy agent for TNBC cells (MDA‐MB‐231). Biocompatibility of novel PLGA‐CSRf nanoparticles was evaluated with both breast cancer and normal breast (MCF‐10A) cells. In vitro studies revealed a six‐fold increase in the cellular uptake of PLGA‐CSRf nanoparticles in cancer cells compared with normal cells. The results demonstrate the ability of riboflavin (Rf) to enhance the delivery of PLGA nanoparticles to TNBC cells. The viability of TNBC cells was decreased following treatment with doxorubicin‐encapsulated PLGA‐CSRf nanoparticles in combination with UV irradiation, due to the photosensitizing property of Rf on the surface of the nanoparticles. This work demonstrated the ability of PLGA‐CSRf to function both as an effective drug delivery carrier and as a therapeutic entity, with the potential to enhance photodynamic effects in the highly aggressive TNBC model.
Long‐term survival of patients treated for tuberculosis: a population‐based longitudinal study in a resource‐poor setting
Authors: Rao V. G. , Muniyandi M. , Sharma R. K. , Yadav R. , Bhat Jyothi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe assessed the long‐term survival of TB patients belonging to the Saharia tribe, a high TB burden community in Shivpuri district, Madhya Pradesh, central India.MethodsPopulation‐based, longitudinal study conducted among 9756 Saharia population in 2013, and a resurvey done 2 years later in 2015 using the same methods. The status of the individuals during resurvey was recorded as non‐TB, relapse and death. The deaths recorded in this period were used to measure the mortality among TB‐affected population and the non‐TB population in this cohort.ResultsThe standardised mortality ratio for the study cohort was 122.9 per 1000 population; males had higher mortality than females (129.9 vs. 96.8). The expected mortality among the non‐TB population was 30.2, and the observed mortality among TB‐affected population was 122.9 per 1000 population.ConclusionIn the Saharia tribe, post‐treatment mortality in the TB‐affected population is significantly higher than in the general population. This highlights an urgent need for implementation of effective public health strategies to prevent disproportionate deaths among TB‐affected individuals in resource‐poor settings, and the importance of periodic follow‐up of patients after cure/completion of treatment, especially in vulnerable populations.
Structural Damping of a Simple Built-Up Beam With Riveted Joints in Bending
Authors: Pian T. H. H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A theoretical study is made of the structural damping in the bending of a simple built-up beam with thin reinforcing spar caps in which the rivets or screws prevent the sliding motion between the cap and the beam. An analytical expression of the energy loss per cycle of static loading is derived in terms of amplitude of load, stiffness of rivets, and tightness of joint. Experimental measurements on a test beam provide a qualitative verification of the theory.
A Simple Procedure for Improved Accuracy in the Resistor-Network Solution of Laplace’s and Poisson’s Equation
Authors: Landau H. G. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The necessity for practical solutions of Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations arises frequently in engineering; for example, in problems of steady-state temperature, electric and gravitational potential, incompressible fluid flow, elastic torsion, and other problems of elasticity. It is well known that these equations can be solved by resistor networks (1). In this note it is shown that in solving the equation (1) ∇ 2 u = f ( x , y ) , where ∇ 2 u = ∂ 2 u ∂ x 2 + ∂ 2 u ∂ y 2 by a resistor network, it is possible to reduce greatly the lumping or truncation error by simply adding additional resistors to the usual arrangement, without any increase in the number of mesh points.
Beams of Uniform Strength Subjected to Uniformly Distributed Loading
Authors: Gross W. A. , Li J. P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Beams with uniform strength subjected only to bending have the same maximum flexural stress at any cross section. The shapes, deflections, and weights are given for cantilever, simple, and fixed beams of uniform strength and appreciable weight subjected to uniformly distributed loadings. Explicit solutions are given for beams having rectangular cross sections and constant height. Solutions in integral form are provided for rectangular beams of constant width. This method is also applicable to beams with constant ratio of height to width, as well as beams with circular cross sections. Examples illustrate the large material savings over uniform cross-section beams which may be achieved.
Buckling of Initially Imperfect Cylindrical Shells Subject to Torsion
Authors: Nash W. A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An analytical solution based upon large-deflection shell theory is presented for the problem of the elastic instability of a thin cylindrical shell subject to torsion. The fundamental equations used are those presented by Donnell in 1934, and these equations together with the condition of stationary potential energy are employed to determine all arbitrary deflection parameters. Boundary conditions corresponding to clamped-end shells and also to shells having simply supported ends are considered. Load-deformation relations for various magnitudes of initial imperfection of the shell are determined for both boundary conditions. Lastly, values are presented for an imperfection factor based upon existing experimental evidence for clamped-end shells. The investigation described here is a continuation of work done earlier by Loo.
Ideal Reducers and Nozzle Flares
Authors: Struble R. A. , Schweizer Berthold 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The equation of a thin-walled reducer with constant circumferential plane stress under uniform internal pressure is derived. Such reducers were first conceived by Dr. H. C. Boardman who referred to them as ideal. These reducers may be used either to connect two coaxial cylinders of different diameters or as nozzle flares for spherical heads and cone frustums.
Axisymmetrical Bending of Circular Plates Under Simultaneous Action of Lateral Load, Force in the Middle Plane, and Elastic Foundation
Authors: Yu Yi-Yuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this note the problem indicated in the title is solved in closed form on the basis of the classical small-deflection theory. As the problem is directly related to the stress analysis of tube sheets in heat exchangers, the present investigation also constitutes the preliminary step of a more exact analysis of the latter problem. Results of numerical examples are presented showing the influence of a tensile force in the middle plane and the rotation-resisting capability of the foundation on the deflection and bending moment of a uniformly loaded circular plate, either simply supported or clamped.
Design Charts for Symmetrical Ring Girders
Authors: Fisher G. P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Charts, based on classical bending-energy analysis, are presented for the determination of critical design moments in symmetrical ring girders varying in shape from circular through round to sharp-cornered rings. The girders are subjected to uniform normal loading in the plane of the ring. Location and magnitude of all critical bending moments are given, from which the maximum bending moment is easily selected.
Solution of Some Problems in Bending of Thin Clamped Plates by Means of the Method of Muskhelishvili
Authors: Deverall L. I. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the complex variable method of N. I. Muskhelishvili is applied to the problem of bending for small deflections of a thin, isotropic, homogeneous, clamped plate with transverse load. The functional equation involved in Muskhelishvili’s method is solved by means of series expansions. The necessary conformal mapping functions are found from the Schwarz-Christoffel formula or expansion of elliptic functions. For uniformly loaded square and rectangular plates, the central (maximum) deflection obtained by the method of Muskhelishvili is compared to the corresponding deflections obtained by other methods. Deflections for the square plate are given for three and five terms, respectively, of the series expansion of the conformal mapping function in order to estimate convergence properties of the method of solution. The solution for a uniformly loaded clamped plate of equilateral triangular planform is also discussed. Central deflection for this case is given.
Uniformly Loaded Circular Plates With a Central Hole and Both Edges Supported
Authors: Georgian J. C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Several catalogs giving results of circular plates with a central hole with various loading and edge conditions have been published. However, these do not cover the case where each edge is supported, either simply or clamped. The usual recommendation is to solve these cases by superposition from the known elementary cases. This is not easily done. The results of the following two cases are given in this paper: (a) Inner and outer edge clamped; (b) inner and outer edge simply supported.
Dynamic Response of Beams and Plates to Rapid Heating
Authors: Boley B. A. , Barber A. D. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The thermally induced vibrations of rectangular plates and beams under some typical heat applications are studied. The basic parameter of the problem, B, is found to depend on the natural frequency of the structure and on a characteristic thermal time. Curves are presented of the variation with B of the ratio of the deflections calculated including and neglecting the effect of inertia. The role of inertia is found to be important for rapidly applied heat inputs and for thin plates. An approximate formula for its rapid estimation is also presented.
On the Principle of Haar and von Karman in Statically Determinate Problems of Plasticity
Authors: Finzi Leo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is shown that a variational formula similar to the one expressing the principle of Haar and von Karman in the statically determinate problems of plasticity holds independently of the stress-strain relations and yield condition. In the variation of the elastic energy the part connected with the variation of the field must be distinguished from the part connected with the variation of the energy density. These points are illustrated by an example.
An Elongating String Under the Action of a Transverse Force
Authors: Goldsmith Werner 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The motion of a uniform undamped flexible string whose length increases with time has been investigated when an arbitrary time-dependent force acts transversely at the free end. The method of characteristics has been employed to derive analytical expressions for the transverse displacement in the subsonic regime. Cases are considered when the free end of the wire moves either at constant velocity or at constant acceleration. Numerical solutions are presented in dimensionless form for a sinusoidal forcing function of arbitrary amplitude and fixed frequency. The possibility of the existence of resonances in the string has been examined.
Feasibility of an Intradialytic Combined Exercise Program Targeting Older Adults With End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Parent-Roberge Hugo , Deshayes Thomas A. , Fortier Catherine , Marquis Karine , Lacharité-Lemieux Christiane , Rodrigue Chantale , Dionne Isabelle J. , Agharazii Mohsen , Godin Mélanie , Riesco Eléonor 
Published: June 2021

Intradialytic exercise is feasible and yields substantial clinical benefits in middle-aged patients. However, evidence is scarce in older hemodialysis patients. Objective: To assess the feasibility and clinical benefits of supervised, intradialytic exercise in older patients. Methods: Multicenter one-arm feasibility study. The main outcome was feasibility (ease of recruitment, dropout rate, adherence, affective valence, and adverse events). The secondary outcomes were physical capacity (five-repetition sit-to-stand, 60-s sit-to-stand tests, and grip strength), quality of life (36-Item Short-Form Health Survey), quality of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory), and dialysis efficacy (Kt/V and urea reduction ratio). Results: About 79% of the screened patients agreed to participate (n = 25, 73 [66–77] years). The dropout rate was high (32%), but adherence remained high among the participants who completed the study (94%). Improvements were found in the five-repetition sit-to-stand (p < .001), 60-s sit-to-stand tests (p = .028), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey mental component score (p = .008), depressive symptoms (p = .006), and quality of sleep (p = .035). Conclusion: Supervised intradialytic exercise seems safe and beneficial in older patients.
Abstract A48: Therapeutic reactivation of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) for the treatment of KRAS-driven cancers
Authors: Sangodkar Jaya , Westermarck Jukka , Taylor Derek , Narla Goutham 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
There have been tremendous strides in the development of therapies for the treatment of NSCLC over the past decade. Nevertheless, the most common recurrent mutation driving the growth of NSCLC, mutant KRAS, accounting for ~25% of patients with advanced NSCLC, remains without an effective therapy. Thus, novel therapies are critically needed to improve the lives of patients suffering from KRAS-driven lung cancers. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a serine threonine-directed tumor-suppressive phosphatase that is dysregulated and deactivated in cancer by multiple mechanisms including somatic mutation, suppression of individual subunits, increased expression of endogenous PP2A inhibitors and changes in post-translational modifications to the catalytic C subunit. Given its central role in regulating many key cellular processes and its role in human disease pathogenesis, many efforts have been developed to therapeutically target PP2A. Our group has developed first-in-class direct small-molecule activators of PP2A (SMAPs) by using the chemical scaffold of the FDA-approved tricyclic neuroleptics. We have used molecular modeling, hydroxyl radical footprinting and cryo-electron microscopy to structurally resolve the mechanism of action of SMAP-mediated growth suppression. Specifically, SMAPs protect the regulatory c-terminal tail of the catalytic subunit through changes in the methylation of the terminal leucine (L309) that induces the holoenzyme heterotrimerization and increased substrate-directed catalysis. SMAP treatment of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells induced apoptosis and decreased the phosphorylation of PP2A targets including AKT and ERK. We found that treatment of xenograft, PDX, and GEMM mouse models of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells with SMAPs resulted in marked tumor growth inhibition. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the potential of using SMAPs as an approach to treat KRAS-mutant NSCLC. We also established that PP2A activity defines the response of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells across library of over 200 kinase inhibitors. In vivo studies using xenograft mouse models of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma demonstrated that SMAP in combination with MEK inhibitor resulted in tumor regression. Our studies have identified a combination of drugs that is effective in vivo for the treatment of KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Our strategy of reactivating endogenous PP2A may be applicable to the treatment of other KRAS-driven cancers and represents a first step into a new territory of developing small-molecule activators of tumor-suppressor proteins.
Citation Format: Jaya Sangodkar, Jukka Westermarck, Derek Taylor, Goutham Narla. Therapeutic reactivation of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) for the treatment of KRAS-driven cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting RAS-Driven Cancers; 2018 Dec 9-12; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(5_Suppl):Abstract nr A48.