bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expectation violations enhance neuronal encoding of sensory information in mouse primary visual cortex
Authors: Tang Matthew F. , Kheradpezhouh Ehsan , Lee Conrad C.Y. , Dickinson J. Edwin , Mattingley Jason B. , Arabzadeh Ehsan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe response of cortical neurons to sensory stimuli is shaped both by past events (adaptation) and the expectation of future events (prediction). Here we employed a visual stimulus paradigm with different levels of predictability to characterise how expectation influences orientation selectivity in the primary visual cortex (V1) of mice. We recorded neuronal activity using two-photon calcium imaging (GCaMP6f) while animals viewed sequences of grating stimuli which either varied randomly in their orientations or rotated predictably with occasional transitions to an unexpected orientation. For single neurons and the population, there was significant enhancement in the gain of orientation-selective responses to unexpected gratings. This gain-enhancement for unexpected stimuli was prominent in both awake and anaesthetised mice. We implemented a computational model to demonstrate how trial-to-trial variability in neuronal responses were best characterised when adaptation and expectation effects were combined.
The future of biomolecular simulation in the pharmaceutical industry: what we can learn from aerodynamics modelling and weather prediction. Part 1. understanding the physical and computational complexity of in silico drug design
Authors: Edwards Tom , Foloppe Nicolas , Harris Sarah Anne , Wells Geoff 
Published: October 2021

The predictive power of simulation has become embedded in the infrastructure of modern economies. Computer-aided design is ubiquitous throughout industry. In aeronautical engineering, built infrastructure and materials manufacturing, simulations are routinely used to compute the performance of potential designs before construction. The ability to predict the behaviour of products is a driver of innovation by reducing the cost barrier to new designs, but also because radically novel ideas can be piloted with relatively little risk. Accurate weather forecasting is essential to guide domestic and military flight paths, and therefore the underpinning simulations are critical enough to have implications for national security. However, in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries, the application of computer simulations remains limited by the capabilities of the technology with respect to the complexity of molecular biology and human physiology. Over the last 30 years, molecular-modelling tools have gradually gained a degree of acceptance in the pharmaceutical industry. Drug discovery has begun to benefit from physics-based simulations. While such simulations have great potential for improved molecular design, much scepticism remains about their value. The motivations for such reservations in industry and areas where simulations show promise for efficiency gains in preclinical research are discussed. In this, the first of two complementary papers, the scientific and technical progress that needs to be made to improve the predictive power of biomolecular simulations, and how this might be achieved, is firstly discussed (Part 1). In Part 2, the status of computer simulations in pharma is contrasted with aerodynamics modelling and weather forecasting, and comments are made on the cultural changes needed for equivalent computational technologies to become integrated into life-science industries.
The impact of the CEO's financial literacy on family SMEs' growth: the moderating role of generational stage
Authors: Diéguez-Soto Julio , Martínez-Romero María J. , Corten Maarten , Michiels Anneleen 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study investigates the impact of the CEO's financial literacy on family SMEs' growth, as well as the moderating role of the generational stage on this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on survey data of Spanish private family firms and utilizes a second source of data, the SABI database by Bureau Van Dijk. The authors run ordinary least squares regressions and use both the base and the partition approaches to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe analysis reveals a positive association between the CEO's financial literacy and firm growth. However, this relationship is not uniform across generations. The CEO's financial literacy-firm growth relationship becomes weaker for first- and third or subsequent-generation family firms while becoming stronger for second-generation family firms.Originality/valueThis study adds the financial literacy of the CEO as a novel individual-level determinant of family firm growth. It also shows that CEOs do not always use their financial literacy to its full potential to foster growth. More specifically, the extent to which financial literacy leads to firm growth is found to be conditional on the generational stage of the family SME. The obtained findings are valuable for family SMEs intending to hire a new CEO, encouraging the financial literacy of the current CEO and educating the next generation of family members.
Quiet versus loud luxury: the influence of overt and covert narcissism on young Chinese and US luxury consumers' preferences?
Authors: Jiang Ling , Cui Annie Peng , Shan Juan 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis study examines the impact of narcissism on young luxury consumers' preferences for quiet versus loud luxury products in China and the United States. As young consumers are increasingly becoming the bedrock of global luxury growth, it is imperative for marketing researchers and practitioners to understand the psychological and social needs of these consumers.Design/methodology/approachA two-study examination of young Chinese and US luxury consumers suggests that the two types of narcissism influence luxury consumption in different ways. Study 1 is a survey of young Chinese consumers that examines how the impact of narcissism on luxury purchase is mediated by social attitude functions and moderated by social anxiety. Study 2 is an experiment conducted in both the United States and China that establishes the causal relationship between the different types of narcissism and purchase intention toward quiet versus loud luxury products.FindingsBuilding on an overarching framework that integrates both the narcissism literature and social attitude function theory, this study shows that overt narcissistic (vs. covert) consumers hold a value-expressive (vs. social-adjustive) attitude toward luxury products, which leads them to prefer quiet (vs. loud) luxury. In addition, higher levels of social anxiety enhance the mediating role of narcissistic consumers' social attitude functions.Originality/valueThis study advances understanding of young Chinese and US luxury consumers' narcissistic consumption patterns by proposing and empirically testing a novel research model that examines the mechanisms by which overt and covert narcissism leads to a different preference of quiet and loud luxury via the routes of different social attitude functions.
The impact of management support on individual learning opportunity and creativity performance in Hong Kong manufacturing companies
Authors: Sun Hongyi , Ali Zulfiqar , Wei Liqun 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the relationship and effect of management support on individual creativity performance by focusing on the individual learning opportunity, adaptability to change and learning motivation in Hong Kong manufacturing companies.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on survey data collection by using a respondent-driven approach from 266 employees working in Hong Kong-based manufacturing firms. The model and hypotheses were tested by employing variance-based structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings indicate that management support has a positive effect on individual learning opportunity and creativity performance. Also, a significant positive relationship between individual creativity, performance, individual learning opportunity, adaptability to change, and learning motivation has been yielded. The management support has an overall positive link with all variables directly and indirectly.Practical implicationsTop management can foster employee creativity by supporting and providing learning opportunities and motivating employees to develop adaptive capability at an individual level.Originality/valueAn empirical study of how management support can foster individual creativity performance and individual learning opportunity. This study is one of the first to examine the positive relationship between management support and individual creativity by validating a purposed model, especially in the context of the Hong Kong manufacturing industry.
The hybrid nature of social enterprises how does it affect their revenue sources?
Authors: Searing Elizabeth A.M. , Poledrini Simone , Young Dennis R. , Nyssens Marthe 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the applicability of the benefits theory of nonprofit finance to an international sample of social enterprises (SEs).

Design/methodology/approach
This research analyzes the revenue sources of SEs through the lens of benefits theory. In particular, the authors test the links between revenue sources and the character of an enterprise’s mission. This study uses data on 545 SEs collected by the International Comparative Social Enterprise Models project, which was an international collaborative effort of more than 200 researchers. The authors use cross-sectional multivariate regression to identify the factors which influence the revenue portfolios of SEs.

Findings
The findings provide evidence of SE revenue portfolios that are nuanced and complicated. Benefits theory helps to illuminate this nuance. The application of benefits theory to SE goes beyond the traditional characterization of the publicness and privateness of goods and services to include the intended beneficiaries, the nature of benefits they receive and the management practices followed to assure distribution of benefits to intended beneficiary groups. By analyzing the public (and private) goals of SEs, such as employment generation and food security, the authors gain an understanding of what they really do, and hence, how they can be best financed.

Originality/value
This study provides empirical support to the applicability of benefits theory to SEs, which provides both theoretical advancement and practical implications.
Development of empirically-based customer-derived positioning taxonomy for FMCG sector in the Indian emerging market
Authors: Saqib Natasha , Shah Ali M. 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a positioning taxonomy for the FMCG sector in the Indian emerging market, because a review of the literature shows that existing positioning typologies/taxonomies are based on managerial perspectives rather than consumer/customer perceptions and have only been developed for advanced countries. This study helps to solve this problem by creating a positioning taxonomy for emerging markets.Design/methodology/approachIn three phases, this study uses a systematic procedure for developing and validating a scale. Phase 1 consists of item generation and selection based on a review of the literature, focus group sessions and expert opinion. The second phase entails scale refinement via exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis is used in Phase 3 to establish convergent, discriminant and nomological validity.FindingsThis study’s findings include a consumer-derived taxonomy of positioning strategies that have been tested and validated. There were four distinct positioning strategies that emerged: value for money, being local, premiumization and product attributes.Research limitations/implicationsThe main implication of this paper is to support researchers in developing and validating measurement scales. The limitations include target populations, choice of industry and geography and cross-sectional time horizon of this study.Practical implicationsThis study’s practical implications are the four positioning strategies that FMCG managers, advertising and marketing experts in the emerging Indian market could adopt to position their fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) products to achieve the overall success of their organizations.Social implicationsResearchers are provided step-by-step guidance on how to develop and validate a measurement scale.Originality/valueThis study adds to the marketing literature by providing both a solid theoretical foundation and a validated instrument for the operationalization of positioning strategies.
Contract‐Based Knowledge Protection and Cooperation Performance: The Effects of Technological Turbulence and Legal System Completeness
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Longwei , Zhang Min 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study examines the direct effects of technological turbulence and legal system completeness on contract‐based knowledge protection and the moderating effects of these factors on the relationship between contract‐based knowledge protection and cooperation performance. A conceptual model is developed using the sensemaking perspective. The model is tested using survey data collected from 227 manufacturing firms in China. We find that contract‐based knowledge protection is positively associated with cooperation performance. Technological turbulence and legal system completeness both have significant positive effects on contract‐based knowledge protection. In addition, technological turbulence weakens the positive relationship between contract‐based knowledge protection and cooperation performance, while legal system completeness strengthens the relationship. The findings enrich existing knowledge on how technological and legal environments shape firms’ decisions on knowledge protection in cooperation and moderate its effect on performance outcomes.
Re‐ordering connections: UK healthcare workers' experiences of emotion management during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Dowrick Anna , Mitchinson Lucy , Hoernke Katarina , Mulcahy Symmons Sophie , Cooper Silvie , Martin Sam , Vanderslott Samantha , Vera San Juan Norha , Vindrola‐Padros Cecilia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of disruptions to the organisation and delivery of healthcare services and efforts to re‐order care through emotion management during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the UK. Framing care as an affective practice, studying healthcare workers' (HCWs) experiences enables better understanding of how interactions between staff, patients and families changed as a result of the pandemic. Using a rapid qualitative research methodology, we conducted interviews with frontline HCWs in two London hospitals during the peak of the first wave of the pandemic and sourced public accounts of HCWs' experiences of the pandemic from social media (YouTube and Twitter). We conducted framework analysis to identify key factors disrupting caring interactions. Fear of infection and the barriers of physical distancing acted to separate staff from patients and families, requiring new affective practices to repair connections. Witnessing suffering was distressing for staff, and providing a ‘good death’ for patients and communicating care to families was harder. In addition to caring for patients and families, HCWs cared for each other. Infection control measures were important for limiting the spread of COVID‐19 but disrupted connections that were integral to care, generating new work to re‐order interactions.
Pre‐hospital intraosseous use in children: Indications and success rate
Authors: Ting Amy , Smith Karen , Wilson Catherine L , Babl Franz E , Hopper Sandy M 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveIntraosseous (IO) needle insertion is an effective method to obtain circulatory access in unwell children.MethodsWe conducted a 12‐month retrospective record review of children aged less than 18 years who had a recorded IO attempt by Ambulance Victoria paramedics.ResultsSixty‐five children underwent IO attempt during pre‐hospital care, 60 had IO outcome recorded and were included. 58/60 (96.7%) children had IO successfully placed, 35 were aged <5 years. Cardiorespiratory arrest (39/58, 67.2%) and status epilepticus (11/58, 19%) were the most common indications.ConclusionWhile IO placement is uncommonly performed pre‐hospital, in critical situations there is a high success rate.
Detecting seasonal episodic‐like spatio‐temporal memory patterns using animal movement modelling
Authors: Thompson Peter R. , Derocher Andrew E. , Edwards Mark A. , Lewis Mark A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Spatial memory plays a role in the way animals perceive their environments, resulting in memory‐informed movement patterns that are observable to ecologists. Developing mathematical techniques to understand how animals use memory in their environments allows for an increased understanding of animal cognition.

Here we describe a model that accounts for the memory of seasonal or ephemeral qualities of an animal's environment. The model captures multiple behaviours at once by allowing for resource selection in the present time as well as long‐distance navigations to previously visited locations within an animal's home range.

We performed a set of analyses on simulated data to test our model, determining that it can provide informative results from as little as 1 year of discrete‐time location data. We also show that the accuracy of model selection and parameter estimation increases with more location data.

This model has potential to identify a specific mechanism in which animals use memory to optimize their foraging, by revisiting temporally and predictably variable resources at consistent time‐lags.
Age‐dependent integrity of the meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint in females requires Aurora kinase B
Authors: Blengini Cecilia S. , Nguyen Alexandra L. , Aboelenain Mansour , Schindler Karen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA hallmark of advanced maternal age is a significant increase in meiotic chromosome segregation errors, resulting in early miscarriages and congenital disorders. These errors most frequently occur during meiosis I (MI). The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) prevents chromosome segregation errors by arresting the cell cycle until proper chromosome alignment is achieved. Unlike in mitosis, the SAC in oocytes is desensitized, allowing chromosome segregation in the presence of improperly aligned chromosomes. Whether SAC integrity further deteriorates with advancing maternal age, and if this decline contributes to increased segregation errors remains a fundamental question. In somatic cells, activation of the SAC depends upon Aurora kinase B (AURKB), which functions to monitor kinetochore–microtubule attachments and recruit SAC regulator proteins. In mice, oocyte‐specific deletion of AURKB (Aurkb cKO) results in an increased production of aneuploid metaphase II‐arrested eggs and premature age‐related infertility. Here, we aimed to understand the cause of the short reproductive lifespan and hypothesized that SAC integrity was compromised. In comparing oocytes from young and sexually mature Aurkb cKO females, we found that SAC integrity becomes compromised rapidly with maternal age. We show that the increased desensitization of the SAC is driven by reduced expression of MAD2, ZW10 and Securin proteins, key contributors to the SAC response pathway. The reduced expression of these proteins is the result of altered protein homeostasis, likely caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, our results demonstrate a novel function for AURKB in preserving the female reproductive lifespan possibly by protecting oocytes from oxidative stress.
A trans‐omic Mendelian randomization study of parental lifespan uncovers novel aging biology and therapeutic candidates for chronic diseases
Authors: Perrot Nicolas , Pelletier William , Bourgault Jérôme , Couture Christian , Li Zhonglin , Mitchell Patricia L. , Ghodsian Nooshin , Bossé Yohan , Thériault Sébastien , Mathieu Patrick , Arsenault Benoit J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe study of parental lifespan has emerged as an innovative tool to advance aging biology and our understanding of the genetic architecture of human longevity and aging‐associated diseases. Here, we leveraged summary statistics of a genome‐wide association study including over one million parental lifespans to identify genetically regulated genes from the Genotype‐Tissue Expression project. Through a combination of multi‐tissue transcriptome‐wide association analyses and genetic colocalization, we identified novel genes that may be associated with parental lifespan. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses also identified circulating proteins and metabolites causally associated with parental lifespan and chronic diseases offering new drug repositioning opportunities such as those targeting apolipoprotein‐B‐containing lipoproteins. Liver expression of HP, the gene encoding haptoglobin, and plasma haptoglobin levels were causally linked with parental lifespan. Phenome‐wide MR analyses were used to map genetically regulated genes, proteins and metabolites with other human traits as well as the disease‐related phenome in the FinnGen cohorts (n = 135,638). Altogether, this study identified new candidate genes, circulating proteins and metabolites that may influence human aging as well as potential therapeutic targets for chronic diseases that warrant further investigation.
Innate immune remodeling by short‐term intensive fasting
Authors: Qian Jiawei , Fang Yixuan , Yuan Na , Gao Xueqin , Lv Yaqi , Zhao Chen , Zhang Suping , Li Quan , Li Lei , Xu Li , Wei Wen , Wang Jianrong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that long‐term light or moderate fasting such as intermittent fasting can improve health and prolong lifespan. However, in humans short‐term intensive fasting, a complete water‐only fasting has little been studied. Here, we used multi‐omics tools to evaluate the impact of short‐term intensive fasting on immune function by comparison of the CD45+ leukocytes from the fasting subjects before and after 72‐h fasting. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of CD45+ leukocytes revealed extensive expression changes, marked by higher gene upregulation than downregulation after fasting. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes and proteins exposed several pathways critical to metabolic and immune cell functions. Specifically, short‐term intensive fasting enhanced autophagy levels through upregulation of key members involved in the upstream signals and within the autophagy machinery, whereas apoptosis was reduced by down‐turning of apoptotic gene expression, thereby increasing the leukocyte viability. When focusing on specific leukocyte populations, peripheral neutrophils are noticeably increased by short‐term intensive fasting. Finally, proteomic analysis of leukocytes showed that short‐term intensive fasting not only increased neutrophil degranulation, but also increased cytokine secretion. Our results suggest that short‐term intensive fasting boost immune function, in particular innate immune function, at least in part by remodeling leukocytes expression profile.