bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of pure and Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Singh Arshdeep , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most basic materials in our daily life that has wide applications as a whitening agent and an excellent photocatalyst material. Other noticeable applications include dye-sensitized solar cells, sunscreen and UV blocking pigments, cosmetics, paint, paper, food additive and flavor enhancer. Metal doping enhances the photocatalytic activity of nanoparticles. Therefore, we have prepared pure and Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles using Ti-(IV)-isopropoxide as precursor. The resulting materials were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The XRD results showed the different structural phases and crystallite size of the nanoparticles. The band gap of the photocatalysts decreased by subsequent addition of the dopant. Further, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was carried out for both pure and Ag doped TiO2 nanoparticles under sunlight upto 90 minutes. The degradation of MB dye was observed to be directly related to the radiation time.
Comparative Study of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized via Wet Chemical and Green Chemistry approach
Authors: Rattan Sonal , Leal Anjali , Sharma Mamta , Kumar Suresh , Goswamy J K 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) undergo a huge research exposure owing to their extraordinary properties and potential applications. Herein, we report a comparative study between Au NPs synthesized via wet chemical method (reduction using sodium citrate) and green chemistry (reduction using vigna radiata (green grams)). The prepared Au NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). UV-Visible spectrum of Au nanoparticles showed a peak around 534 nm in both the cases. Zeta Potential (ZP) values were 3.62 mV and -2.80 mV of Au nanoparticles prepared via wet chemical method and green chemistry approach respectively.
Structural studies of zirconia and yttria doped zirconia for analysing it phase stabilization criteria
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Kumar Pravin , Dhaliwal A S 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this work, the target of zirconia with 2-inch diameter is prepared from the powder form having a particle size 5 µm by giving 4 tonnes of pressure in the hydraulic press. The prepared target is sintered at 1000-degree Celsius for 10 hrs. Yttria-stabilized zirconia target is also obtained in a similar process. The structural properties of both targets are investigated using Ɵ-2Ɵ geometry of X-ray diffractometer system. The changes in structure are studied in doped and undoped zirconia. The structural findings are showing the transformation of phase with doping. These studies help to understand the structural properties of zirconia with and without doping for technological application.
Optical and Electrical characterization of Silver nanowire -reduced graphene oxide hybrid thin film on PET for transparent electronics
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Twinkle  , Sharma Rahul , Anjali  , Harjot  , Mustafa Gh , Kumar Suresh , Goswamy J.K. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Graphene is an excellent nanoscale allotrope of carbon in which carbon atoms are bonded through sp2 hybridization. Graphene itself or its thin film exhibits excellent transparency to visible light. Silver nanowires are also being used for making transparent electrodes. Herein, we prepared a thin film of reduced graphene oxide and silver nanowires on flexible PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrate. Characterization of graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide has been carried out through X-ray diffractometry, FTIR (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy). Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and I-V measurements demonstrated high conductivity and transmittance of the above prepared film.
Fabrication and Characterization of Gaseous Detector for the identification of High Energy Particles.
Authors: Babbar J. , Bansal S. , Beri S.B. , Bhatnagar V. , Chauhan S. , Gupta R. , Kaur A. , Kaur H. , Kumar S. , Kumari P. , Meena M. , Singh J.B. , Virdi A.K. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
There is a vast range of gases which get ionized, produce electron-ion pairs, on the passage of high energy charged particles. Such gases are extensively used in experiments such as LHC, Belle-II, RHIC, DAFNE, etc which produce high energy particles. Panjab University established a detector assembly and characterization laboratory dedicated to gaseous detectors such as Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) and Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) for the LHC experiment. Here, we present the recent work on the fabrication and characterizations of the GEM detector at Panjab University.
Mathematical Modeling of Elastic Plastic Transitional Stresses in CNT-GS based Hybrid Nanocomposite Thin Walled Spherical Pressure Vessels
Authors: Shahi Shivdev , Singh Satya Bir , Kumar Pushwinder 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an analytical solution is being provided for calculation of elastic plastic transitional stresses in Hybrid Nanocomposite made of Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) and Graphene Sheets (GS) modeled in the form of thin walled Spherical shells, subjected to radial compression at the internal surface. The results are compared with a general use Carbon Nano Tubes based nanocomposite. The transition function given by Seth is being used to obtain the pressure at which the initial yielding takes place. The trends for radial and circumferential transitional stresses are obtained using the elastic stiffness constants obtained from young’s moduli, shear moduli and poisson’s ratios of the materials at the initial yielding and fully plastic state. The expressions for principal stresses are derived from the transition function considering the material anisotropy.
Comparative analysis of hydromagnetic stability of rotating nanofluid layer in two different boundaries with local thermal non-equilibrium effect
Authors: Ahuja J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Present article investigates the hydromagnetic stability of a rotating nanofluid layer with in two configurations of nanoparticles: (a) top heavy nanoparticle configuration and (b) zero nanoparticle flux across the boundaries. The fluid and particle phases are supposed to be thermally non-equilibrium. Thermally non-equilibrium phases of the system added three more parameters: Nield number, ratio of thermal capacities of fluid and particles and ratio of thermal diffusivity of fluid and particles in the conservation equations for nanofluid convection. Influence of these parameters along with other parameters is analysed using the method of superposition of basic modes and interpreted graphically using the software Mathematica. Taylor number and Chandrasekhar number make the system more stable while the thermally non-equilibrium phases make the system unstable in both the configuration of nanoparticles. Also, thermal instability of nanofluids is compared with in two configurations of nanoparticles: top heavy and zero nanoparticle flux configuration and a better conclusion is drawn.
Effect of anisotropy on creep of rotating functionally graded disc with varying thickness
Authors: Bose Tania , Chamoli Neeraj , Rattan Minto , Gupta Kunjan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Creep study of rotating functionally graded (FGM) disc reinforced with non-linear SiC
p
with varying thickness has been analyzed using Hills yield criterion. The disc comprises of matrix of pure aluminium embedded with silicon carbide particles (SiC
p
). The analysis of stresses and strains as a result of disc rotation have been calculated. Stresses and strain rates are significantly affected by varying reinforcement gradient in the disc. The FGM disc having varying thickness along the radius shows lowest strain rates for anisotropy constant G/F and H/F less than 1 which further reduces with increase in particle gradient. Thus, better design of turbine discs can be obtained by selecting appropriate material anisotropy and optimum disc profile.
Performance Analysis on Effect of Variation in Oxide Material of Double Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor
Authors: Bhatia Rajeev , Gill S.S. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper structure of Double Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor work to increase the efficiency of the device performance of Tunnel Field Effect Transistors making it one of the potential candidates for small scale devices. The essential point of this research work is to consider the performance analysis of the structure. This work is accomplished with the assistance of tool Cogenda TCAD version 1.9.2. The designing of the device, simulation and correlation of results have been gotten on this tool. The section gives the stream of Research Methodology and clarifies the footsteps for Design and Simulation of Double Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor.
Investigation of Surface Roughness and Tool wear during turning of Titanium Alloy Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) by using coated carbide tool and optimization of process parameters
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Sehrawat Gaurav 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper presents an experimental investigation to analyze the effects of process parameters on the surface roughness & tool wear in dry machining of Ti-6Al-4V. The process variable used are tool noise radius, feed rate & cutting speed to study their effect on surface roughness and tool wear using coated carbide as cutting tool. The surface roughness of the specimen has been measured with the help stylus-type Profilometer, Surfcom Flex 50A. The tool wear of cutting inserts is analysis by SEM analysis. The results show that the feed rate and nose radius are the significant variable for surface roughness. Surface roughness increases considerably with the increase in feed rate & tool wear and as the nose radius of cutting tool increases, the value of tool wear decreases. The process parameters are optimized for surface roughness.
Formulation of the butt joints of aluminum composite using friction stir welding and study of their mechanical properties
Authors: Chauhan Abhishek , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, experiments were performed on the vertical milling machine to formulate butt joints of aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) having 5 vol% SiC as particulate using friction stir welding technique. Joints prepared were tested to find their mechanical properties using different testing methods. The butt joints were formed from the plates of Al-SiC composite plates. Alloy steel tool hardened at a temperature of 850°C was used to obtain welded joints. Three different pin shapes were used to do welding at three different tool rotations ranging from 600-1200 rpm based upon pilot experimentation. Tensile tests were done on the universal testing machine to find yield strength and ultimate strength. Hardness of the welded joint is also calculated using the vickers hardness test. The joints prepared using non tapered pin shape had better tensile properties as compared to other pin shapes. Good mechanical properties were obtained at 1200 rpm tool rotation. The hardness of the welded joint also got improved when welded at 1200 rpm using non tapered pin shape. The microstructure results also verified that refinement of grains takes place at higher tool rotations which improved mechanical properties.
The Comprehensive Review on machining of Inconel 718 superalloy
Authors: Shard Abhinav , Deepshikha  , Gupta Vishal , Garg M P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Inconel 718 is nickel based alloy, difficult to machine and precipitate which having tremendous mechanical properties. It has outstanding features like high shear strength, low thermal conductivity, potential to sustain its strength and hardness at prominent temperature. It plays a crucial role in various manufacturing applications for instance aircraft, defence, aviation and gas turbines. Numerous efforts have been to produce to the workability of Inconel 718 indifferent operating conditions; different tool electrodes and tool geometry. The main objectives which are focused in this review study are drilling, milling and turning. Finally, a brief idea of non-traditional cutting fluid over traditional cutting fluid is also discussed.
Electrochemical discharge machining process, variants and hybridization: A review
Authors: Saini Gaurav , Kumar Amresh , Mohal Sachin , Kumar Rajender , Chauhan Abhishek 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Electrochemical discharge machining has been proven to fabricate micro holes, micro-channels and three dimensional shapes on difficult to machine non conductive materials very efficiently. Researchers have proposed some modification in the basic configuration of the ECDM process to increase the efficiency. These modifications results in the development of ECDM variants. Further improvement in the process researchers hybridized the ECDM process. In this review article different areas of electrochemical discharge machining has been focused, which includes sparking phenomena, variants and recent hybridization. Furthermore, the article provides the knowledge to understand the research potential of an ECDM process.
Evaluation and Analysis of Different Spectrum Slicing Techniques in Free Space Optical Systems
Authors: Jindal Jitesh , Kumar Arvind , Kumar Raj 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Free space optical communication systems are competent in the context of supporting high data rate, license free operation, absence of Electromagnetic interference (EMI), cost effective operation etc. Wavelength division multiplexed systems (WDM) provide high capacity but at the cost of multiple number of laser sources which inturn increase the overall cost of the system. Spectrum slicing is emerged as an optimal method to reduce the cost of the multi channel systems and also increase the performance. In this work, different spectrum slicing techniques such as Light emitting diodes (LEDs), Arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), Highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF), and Semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) are used and compared in terms of Q factor and BER at 5 Gbps. It is perceived that SOA provide best performance followed by HNLF and LED is least performing.
Comparative Study of Optimization of Plate Fin Heat Exchanger and Pressure Vessel Design using mTLBO Algorithm
Authors: Pendse A S , Kamble A G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm has been proved beneficial in many engineering applications. This algorithm is free from any algorithm specific parameters and can be adapted to all types of design problems. However, there are some drawbacks like convergence to local optimal solution, large computational time and slow convergence rate for complex functions. Some modifications were introduced to overcome these drawbacks in modified Teaching Learning Based Optimization (mTLBO) algorithm. In this paper mTLBO has been applied to optimize plate fin heat exchanger and pressure vessel design. The performance of mTLBO algorithm was compared with original algorithm and other population based techniques such as Particle Swarm Optimization, Generic Algorithm and Artificial Bee Colony. It was found that mTLBO gives the least value of entropy generation units that is 7.22% less than the value obtained using TLBO. Also cost of pressure vessel design using mTLBO is 3.2% lower than that of TLBO design.
Rayleigh waves propagation in orthotropic solids with two temperature in context of thermoelasticity
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Kumari Sangeeta , Sonu  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to study Rayleigh wave propagation in homogeneous orthotropic half space with two temperature in reference to Three Phase Lag(TPL) model of thermoelasticity. The surface wave solutions are obtained for governing equations of Rayleigh wave. The relevant boundary condition satisfy the solutions and corresponding frequency equation is derived for the Rayleigh wave in orthotropic half-space. A simulation study is conduced for numerical discussion and the results are demonstrated graphically for phase velocity and attenuation coefficient with respect to frequency in the context of Green-Nagdhi, Lord-Shulman and three phase lag models of thermoelasticity.
Probing thermoelectric properties of high potential Ca3PbO: An Ab Initio Study
Authors: Kaur Tavneet , Sinha M. M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The fascinating electron transport properties of anti-perovskites have gathered incredible research consideration. In the search for novel thermoelectric materials, a Density Functional Theory (DFT) based computational assessment of electron transport properties of Ca3PbO has been made based on the grounds of Boltzmann transport theory. The variation of transport properties specifically Seeback coefficient (S), electrical conductivity (σ), electronic thermal conductivity (κe) and power factor (PF) versus chemical potential (µ) have been plotted at 300 K, 600 K and 800 K. The present study proposes Ca3PbO to be an excellent n-type high temperature thermoelectric material. The optimized values of equilibrium structural parameters have been determined. The current analysis tends to stimulate experimental work towards designing and improving thermoelectric performance of Ca3PbO for realistic applications.
Influence of Heat Source on Thermal Behaviour of Solid Cylinder.
Authors: Shinde A K , Navlekar A A , Ghadle K P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The present manuscript deals with determination of influence of internal heat source on thermal behaviour of a long solid cylinder. A direct, steady state, nonhomogeneous boundary value problem with internal heat generation is formulated to analyse heat transfer and thermal stresses. The cylindrical surface heat source situated in annular region of long cylinder results in internal heat generation. Finite Hankel transform, Goodier’s thermoelastic displacement potential and Michell function are adopted to obtain the analytical solution. The outcomes are represented in the form of infinite series comprising Bessel’s functions. By considering a mathematical model for steel plate, outcomes are verified numerically. Some numerical results for the temperature distribution, displacement components, and the associated stresses are shown in figures drawn using Matlab software.
Negative effect of zinc compounds on hydration kinetics of ordinary Portland cement
Authors: Matejka L , Siler P , Novotny R , Svec J , Masilko J , Soukal F 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Metals and metal containing compounds have significant effect on cement hydration mechanism and kinetics. The recycling of waste materials leads to increase of content of metals in various industrial products and visibly affects properties of the Portland cement. One of the metals that has been known to drastically increase the setting time is zinc. Zinc forms various hydroxyl species with calcium cations. Pore solution thus has lowered concentration of calcium which suppresses formation of portlandite. Due to insufficient concentration of calcium the formation of CSH gel and further hydration of clinker grains is inhibited The aim of this study is to quantify the negative effects of zinc at different concentrations at ambient temperature at 20°C. Isoperibolic calorimetry was used to measure the negative effects of zinc on hydration kinetics of ordinary Portland cement. Zinc was added to the cement in the form of two soluble salts Zn(NO3)2 hydrate, ZnCl2 and a poorly soluble compound ZnO. The concentration of zinc added was chosen between 0.1 and 1 wt. % of clinker. Significant retardation of cement hydration with increasing zinc content was proven.
Characterization of fillers made of natural stones as a cement substitute
Authors: Musil L , Cibulka T , Vodicka J , Chylik R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the classification of fillers according to the type and method of rock processing and their use as a partial cement replacement in the concrete mixture. The aim is to better classify fillers by their origin, maximise their usability and design a concrete mixture with effective use of filler as a cement replacement.
The article compares the fillers that originated from natural stone. The research is focused primarily on the granite filler, as it is not currently explored in detail. As the results of existing research differ, tests of the filler and its effect on the compressive strength of cement composites were performed, for better characterization of the effect of filler pozzolanic activity. The results of the tests are compared with each other, and the probable causes of differences in the individual research results are described.
Effects of elevated temperature on the behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with fiber reinforced polymers
Authors: Prokeš J , Rozsypalová I , Girgle F , Daněk P , Štěpánek P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rebars have increasing popularity in the construction industry all around the world although steel rebars are widely used for reinforcing of the concrete so far. FRP bars, which have higher tensile strength compared to steel rebars with the same nominal diameter under normal conditions, are composed of resin matrix and fibers. In this paper, the load-bearing capacity of FRP reinforced concrete after elevated temperature exposition are present. The results are compared with concrete sample with steel reinforcement. Commercially produced glass FRP (GFRP) and carbon FRP (CFRP) rebars with sand coatings surface treatments were implemented in concrete beam and subjected to four-point bending load. The residual flexural strength of reinforced concrete after heating to 1000°C was obtained and evaluated and compared to results of non-heated elements. The results indicate that fire resistance of FRP reinforced beams can reach at least 60 minutes according the standard ČSN EN 13501-2.
Comparison of structure and properties of gypsum mortars with different types of aggregates
Authors: Dolezelova M , Krejsova J , Scheinherrova L , Vimmrova A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Gypsum is one of the most environmentally friendly building materials and therefore its importance increases nowadays. Since the gypsum is mostly used in the form of the paste, the influence of aggregates on properties of gypsum mortars is not investigated very often. The article deals with the structure and properties of gypsum mortars with two different aggregates (silica sand and basalt). It was found, that even if the chemical composition and shape of particles of both aggregates differs significantly, the structure and properties of gypsum mortars with both types of aggregates are similar and the properties of the gypsum composite depends more on the aggregate granulometry and the quality of its surface. The aggregate with rougher surface of particles has more distinct interfacial transition zone, higher porosity and higher compressive strength.
HPC cement materials prepared by mixing under reduced pressure
Authors: Vojtisek J , Novotny R , Bartonickova E , Hruby P , Marko M , Janca M 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article deals with HPC (High Performance composite) materials whose main advantages are increased mechanical properties, durability and stability. The limiting parameter for such materials is the presence of air bubbles that cannot be removed just by the compacting. Mixing of cement mixtures under reduced pressure can be used to reduce porosity and eliminate the presence of air bubbles. Moreover, it is associated by the improvement of the mechanical properties. The influence of preparation of HPC by mixing under the atmospheric pressure and by mixing under reduced pressure to parameters like mechanical properties, porosity, microstructure was studied in this paper. The porosity of the samples was analysed in a cross-section using an optical method. The effect of the reduced pressure on the resulting strength of the samples was observed.