bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEDD4L Regulates the Proliferation and Metastasis of Non-small-cell Lung Cancer by Mediating CPNE1 Ubiquitination
Authors: Zhang Ruochen , Zeng Yuanyuan , Zhang Weijie , Li Yue , Zhou Jieqi , Zhang Yang , Wang Anqi , Lv Yantian , Zhu Jianjie , Liu Zeyi , Huang Jian-an 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
High expression of CPNE1 is positively correlated with the occurrence, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting that CPNE1 may be an effective target for the treatment of NSCLC. No direct role of post-translational modification of CPNE1 in NSCLC has been reported. This study confirms that CPNE1 is degraded by two pathways: the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and the autophagy-lysosome pathway. CPNE1 binds with the ubiquitin molecule via its K157 residue. Moreover, we determine that the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L can mediate the ubiquitination of CPNE1 and promote its degradation. In addition, we find that NEDD4L knockout promotes the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells by regulating CPNE1. This study aims to further investigate the mechanism of CPNE1 ubiquitination in the occurrence and development of NSCLC and provide a new potential target for NSCLC treatment.
Clinicopathological and prognostic evaluations of anorectal cancer after fecal diversion for patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Kuroki Hirosuke , Sugita Akira , Koganei Kazutaka , Tatsumi Kenji , Futatsuki Ryo , Nakao Eiichi , Obara Nao , Arai Katsuhiko 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Colorectum diversion with a proximal stoma is often the preferred surgical approach in patients with Crohn's disease-related anorectal lesions or refractory colitis. To date, few studies have assessed the incidence and prognosis of cancer in the diverted anorectal segments. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of anorectal cancer associated with Crohn's disease following fecal diversion.Methods: This was a retrospective study based on medical records of patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease between 1999 and 2020. It was conducted at Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital. Patients diagnosed with anorectal cancer following fecal diversion were identified, and their prognosis was the primary outcome measure.Results: Among 1,615 patients, 232 patients (14%) underwent colorectum diversion. Of those 232 patients, 12 were diagnosed with anorectal cancer following fecal diversion, nine were diagnosed with advanced cancer, 10 underwent abdominoperineal resection, and eight died. The overall five-year survival rate in patients diagnosed with anorectal cancer following fecal diversion was 20%. Conclusion: Crohn's disease-associated anorectal cancer following fecal diversion was challenging to diagnose early, and patients had a poor prognosis even after curative resection. Early abdominoperineal resection may be considered for patients with Crohn's disease who cannot benefit from cancer screening and surveillance due to difficulty accessing the anorectal stricture via endoscopy.
Clinical Significance of Prognostic Alternative Splicing Signature in Tumor Immune Environment and Immune Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Qianhui , Xu Hao , Deng Rongshan , Li Nanjun , Mu Ruiqi , Qi Zhixuan , Shen Yunuo , Wang Zijie , Wen Jingchao , Zhao Jiaxin , Weng Di , Huang Wen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the sixth prevalent tumors with high mortality globally. Alternative splicing (AS) drives protein diversity, the imbalance of which might act an important factor in tumorigenesis. We aimed to construct of AS-based prognostic signature and elucidate the role in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immunotherapy in HCC.Methods: To determine the prognosis-related AS events, univariate Cox regression analysis was performed, followed by the development of prognostic signatures. The prognosis predictive ability of risk signature was validated and a predictive nomogram was constructed. To uncover the context of TIME in HCC, ESTIMATE R package, ssGSEA algorithm and CIBERSORT method and TIMER database exploration were performed. And the correlation of AS events with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-related genes was analyzed.Results: A total of 3294 AS events associated with survival of HCC patients were screened. Based on splicing subtypes, we then constructed eight AS prognostic signature with robust prognostic predictive accuracy. Furthermore, a quantitative nomogram exhibited robust validity in prognostic prediction of HCC. Besides, the consolidated signature was significantly correlated with TIME diversity and ICB-related genes. Finally, the splicing regulatory network uncovered the potential functions of splicing factors (SFs) in HCC.Conclusion: Herein, the AS events may contribute novel and robust indicators for the prognostic prediction of HCC. The AS-SF networks could open up new approach for investigation of potential regulatory mechanisms. And we revealed the pivotal player of AS events in context of TIME and immunotherapy, contributing to clinical decision-making and personalized prognosis monitoring of HCC.
All-Dielectric Meta-optics for High-Efficiency Independent Amplitude and Phase Manipulation
Authors: Raeker Brian , Zheng Hanyu , Zhou You , Kravchenko Ivan , Valentine Jason , Grbic Anthony 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Metasurfaces, composed of subwavelength scattering elements, have demonstrated remarkable control over the transmitted amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. However, manipulating the amplitude upon transmission has required loss if a single metasurface is used. Here, we describe high-efficiency independent manipulation of the amplitude and phase of a beam using two lossless phase-only metasurfaces separated by a distance. With this configuration, we experimentally demonstrate optical components such as combined beam-forming and splitting devices, as well as those for forming complex-valued, three-dimensional holograms. The compound meta-optic platform provides a promising approach for achieving high performance optical holographic displays and compact optical components, while exhibiting a high overall efficiency.
Strategies for the Implementation of an Electronic Fracture Risk Assessment Tool in Long Term Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bai Yuxin , McArthur Caitlin , Ioannidis George , Giangregorio Lora , Straus Sharon , Papaioannou Alexandra 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Older adults in long-term care (LTC) homes experience high rates of fractures, which are detrimental to their quality of life. The purpose of this study is to identify and make recommendations on knowledge translation interventions to implementing an evidence-based Fracture Risk Clinical Assessment Protocol (CAP) in LTC. Methods: Following the Behaviour Change Wheel framework, we conducted focus group interviews with 32 LTC stakeholders (e.g. LTC physicians) to identify barriers and facilitators, suggest intervention options, and discuss whether the identified interventions were feasible. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: The intervention themes that met the APEASE criteria were minimizing any increase in workload, training on CAP usage, education for residents and families, and persuasion through stories. Other intervention themes identified were culture change, resident-centred care, physical restructuring, software features, modeling in training, education for staff, social rewards, material rewards, public benchmarking, and regulations. Conclusions: To implement the Fracture Risk CAP in LTC, KT interventions centred around minimizing any increase in workload, training on CAP usage, providing education for residents and families, and persuading through stories may be used. Results from this work will improve identification and management of LTC residents at high fracture risk and could inform the implementation of guidelines for other conditions in LTC homes.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Related Renal Cell Carcinoma: a Retrospective Study of 19 Cases
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Zhu Zhiqiang , xue wenrui , liu Hui , Zhang Yu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to investigate basic information, clinical findings, treatments for tumor, pathology and outcomes of HIV-positive patients diagnosed renal cell carcinoma(RCC). Patients and Methods: We collected 19 patients from 2012 to 2020 who diagnosed RCC with HIV- positive. A retrospective analyze was performed on their hospitalization course and tumor related parameters, including basic information, clinical findings, HIV associated datas, pathology, treatments for tumor and outcomes.Results: In our study, patients were diagnosed RCC at the median age 51. Males took a great part(17 males,89%) in all patients, while only 2 females were diagnosed. The median CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count was 462 cells/ul when diagnosed RCC(range from 111 cells/ul to 1536 cells/ul). 11 patients diagnosed RCC and HIV infection at the same time, who may have high viral load and low CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count. 8 patients accepted a median HAART for 30 months(range from 11 months to 108months) prior to diagnosis of RCC. All the patients performed operations successfully, and 4 of them performed partial nephrecotomy. Only 1 patient was identified with chromophobe cell carcinoma, 1 with partially clear cell and partialy papillary carcinoma, and 17 with clear cell carcinoma. 2 of the patients with Fuhrman grade2-3 accepted cytokine therapy with IL-2 and IFN-α. 2 patients died of lung metastasis one year and six months after surgery respectively, even though 1 patient accepted full dose targeted therapy (Sorafenib) for 3 months, and one refused adjuvant therapy. The remaining 17 patients are still alive at a median follow-up of 34 months, however 1 patient live with lung and brain metastases at last follow-up of 3 years after surgery.Conclusions: RCC Patients with HIV-positive were similar to general population in terms of clinical characters, treatment measures, and pathology. RCC patients with HIV- positive seemed like to obey the same clinical practice guideline as in general population. The outcomes of HIV-positive patients with partial nephrectomy are not inferior to patients with radical nephrectomy. Further more experience in targeted therapy and immunal therapy( PD-1/ PD-L1 inhibitors) needs to be learned.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Shows Involvement of the p38 MAPK Pathway in Bovine Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Replication
Authors: Li Liyang , Li Pengfei , Chen Ao , Li Hanbing , Liu Zhe , Yu Liyun , Hou Xilin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) infection often causes respiratory tissue damage and immunosuppression and results in bovine respiratory disease complex. Bovine respiratory disease complex is one of the major diseases in dairy cattle and causes huge economical losses every year. The pathogenetic and immunoregulatory mechanisms involved in the process of BPIV3 infection, however, remain unknown. Proteomics is a powerful tool for high-throughput identification of proteins and has been widely used to understand how viruses interact with host cells. In the present study, we report a proteomic analysis to investigate the whole cellular protein alterations of MDBK cells infected with BPIV3. To investigate the invasion process of BPIV3 and the immune response mechanism of MDBK cells, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation analysis (iTRAQ) and Q-Exactive mass spectrometry-based proteomics were performed. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) involved in the BPIV3 invasion process in MDBK cells were identified, annotated, and quantitated. A total of 116 proteins, which included 74 upregulated proteins and 42 downregulated proteins, were identified as DEPs between the BPIV3-infected and the mock-infected groups. These DEPs included corresponding proteins related to inflammatory response, immune response, and lipid metabolism. These results might provide some insights for understanding the pathogenesis of BPIV3. Fluorescent quantitative PCR and western blotting analysis showed results consistent with those of iTRAQ identification. Interestingly, the upregulated protein MKK3 was associated with the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. The results of proteomics analysis indicated BPIV3 infection could activate the p38 MAPK pathway to promote virus replication.
Debridement and Corpectomy Via Single Posterior Approach to Treat Pyogenic Spondylitis after Vertebral Augmentation
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Wang Song , Wang Qing , Yang Jin , Xu Shuang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Infection after VA often limits the daily activities of patients and even threatens their life. Operation has become an indispensable choice for such patients. sPVRIF may be one of the effective treatments if the patient suffers from intolerable severe pain, neurological deficits, and damage to spinal stability. This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of treatment of PSVA with sPVRIF. Methods The study was performed on 19 patients with PSVA who underwent VA at 4 hospitals in the region between January 2010 and July 2020. Nineteen patients were included. Among them, 16 patients underwent sPVRIF to treat the PSVA.Results A total of 2267 patients underwent VA at 4 hospitals in the region. Of the 19 patients with postoperative PSVA, suppurative spondylitis was misdiagnosed as an osteoporotic vertebral fracture in 4 patients and they underwent VA. Besides osteoporosis, 18 patients had other comorbidities.The average interval between the first surgery and the diagnosis of PSVA was 96.4 days. Of the 19 patients, 16 received surgical treatment.Among the patients undergoing surgery, one died of refractory septic shock after the surgery, and one died of prostate cancer. The surgical time was 175.0±16.8min, and the intraoperative blood loss was 465.6±166.0 mL.Fourteen patients recovered from the infection.Pathogenic microorganisms were cultured in 12 patients. Conclusion PSVA is an extremely serious complication that can even threaten the life of the patients.sPVRIF may be one of the effective treatments if the patient suffers from intolerable severe pain, neurological deficits, and damage to spinal stability.
Screening Potential Prognostic Factors for gastric carcinoma and Indicators for Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling in Female and Male patients Based on TCGA Data Mining
Authors: Hai Xinghua , Liu Fang , Jin Li , Wang Xiaoyu , Pang Yan , Li Huanan , Zhang Wei , Luo Xiongfei , Sun Qing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The tumour microenvironment (TME) is closely involved in the genesis and development of gastric carcinoma (GC). However, few studies have investigated the impact of sex on the dynamic modulation of immune and stromal components in the TME. Methods: In this review, we employed the CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms to analyse the ratio of tumour-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and the number of immune and stromal components in 130 female and 218 male GC cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. COX regression analysis and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were conducted to analyse the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Results: The results showed that the Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIa (FCGR2A) in females and GDNF family receptor alpha 1 (GFRA1) in males were predictive factors by intersection analysis of univariate COX and PPI. Moreover, FCGR2A was negatively correlated with the survival of female patients, while GFRA1 was positively related to the survival of male patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that genes in the FCGR2A high expression group were primarily enriched in the antigen processing and presentation pathway, while genes in the GFRA1 low expression group were primarily enriched in the cell cycle and DNA replication pathway. Furthermore, CIBERSORT analysis of the proportion of TICs demonstrated that M2 macrophages were positively correlated with FCGR2A expression. B cells, T cells, monocytes and macrophages were positively related to GFRA1 expression. Conclusions The levels of FCGR2A and GFRA1 might be utilized to outline the prognosis of female and male GC patients, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate the impact of sex on tumour progression and may facilitate the development of therapeutics for GC patients.
LAMA2&nbsp;and LOXL4 Are Candidate FSGS&nbsp;Genes
Authors: Hack Saidah , Vijayan Poornima , Yao Tony , Qureshi Mohammad Azfar , Paterson Andrew , John Rohan , Davenport Bernard , Lennon Rachel , Pei York , Barua Moumita 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a histologic pattern of injury that characterizes a wide spectrum of diseases. Many genetic causes have been identified in FSGS but even in families with comprehensive testing, a significant proportion remain unexplained. Results: In one FSGS family with 6 affected relatives, we performed linkage analysis and whole exome sequencing (WES). Linkage analysis narrowed the disease gene(s) to within 3% of the genome. Whole exome sequencing revealed 5 heterozygous rare variants, which were sequenced in 11 relatives where DNA was available. Two of these variants, in LAMA2 and LOXL4, remained as candidates after segregation analysis and encode extracellular matrix proteins of the glomerulus. Renal biopsies showed classic segmental sclerosis/hyalinosis lesion on a background of mild mesangial hypercellularity. Examination of basement membranes with electron microscopy showed regions of dense mesangial matrix in one individual and wider glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickness in two individuals compared to historic control averages. Conclusions: Based on our findings, we postulate that the additive effect of digenic inheritance of heterozygous variants in LAMA2 and LOXL4 leads to adult-onset FSGS. Limitations to our study includes the absence of functional characterization to support pathogenicity. Alternatively, identification of additional FSGS cases with suspected deleterious variants in LAMA2 and LOXL4 will provide more evidence for disease causality. Thus, our report will be of interest to clinicians and genetic groups as sequencing in renal disease becomes more widespread. Overall, our results provide an example of more complicated genetic inheritance patterns that underlie glomerular disorders in unexplained families.
Fetal Lung Interstitial Tumor: Clinicopathologic Analysis of 4 Cases From China
Authors: ZhiJuan Deng , Nan Zhang , Le-jian He , Xing-feng Yao , Chao Jia , Meng Zhang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The fetal lung interstitial tumor (FLIT) is a newly identified tumor and is extremely rare, with only five reports published in English. Here, we report 4 cases of FLITs in China and present a literature review, aiming to explore this rare tumor.Methods: The clinical and histological findings, immunophenotype, and ALK FISH of these 4 FLIT cases were evaluated, with a detailed review of the literature.Result: The 4 cases comprised 2 male and 2 female infants. Two cases had a lung or intrathoracic mass during pregnancy, as early as 28 gestational weeks, and tachypnea and groaning shortly after birth. The other two cases received clinical attention because of jaundice and weakness at 3 days and 10 minutes after birth. The two female patients had a high serum AFP level. CT showed a well-circumscribed solid-cystic mass in the lung. Surgical removal was performed at 6 days, 11 days, 18 days and 5 days respective. Grossly, the tumor was a well-0circumscribed, solid-to-spongy cut surface, and the largest diameter was 5.5-6.1 cm. Histological examination revealed an immature airspace and interstitium resembling fetal lung tissue at the canalicular stage (20-24 weeks of gestation). The epithelial cells coexpressed CK, EMA, TTF-1 and b-catenin, while the interstitial cells were strongly and diffusely positive for vimentin, with variable degrees of desmin, SMA, MSA and b-catenin. There was no ALK positivity among the four cases. One of the four cases had an ALK gene fusion by FISH. All four cases were in good condition after surgery.Conclusions: The FLIT is a recently reported type of congenital lung lesion with distinct pathological morphology. Some of the FLIT cases have high AFP levels, which represents an ALK gene fusion and may be related to ALK-positive tumors. The FLIT prognosis is good, and surgery is the preferred treatment. The differential diagnosis should include congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), congenital inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (CIMT) and pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis (PIG).
Inequality and Support for Government Responses to COVID-19
Authors: Dang Hai-Anh , Malesky Edmund , Nguyen Cuong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Despite a rich literature studying the impact of inequality on policy outcomes, there has been limited effort to bring these insights into the debates about comparative support for government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. We fill in this gap by analyzing rich survey data from six countries spanning different income levels and geographical locations—China, Italy, Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States—in April 2020, when most countries were facing their first surge in infections and designing their response efforts. We find that poorer individuals are less supportive of strict government responses than other groups, and that poorest individuals are least supportive. Furthermore, poorer individuals residing in more economically unequal countries are the least supportive of stringent policies. We also find that both economic and non-economic factors could affect the poor’s decisions to support stringent government policies. These findings suggest that greater transfers to the poor may ameliorate their resistance, increase support for strict policies, and may reduce the potential deepening of social inequalities caused by the pandemic, given some recent evidence that the poor and the vulnerable are most affected by the pandemic. These findings offer relevant and implementable policy advice for the ongoing global fight against the pandemic.