bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone microarchitecture, bone mineral density and bone turnover in association with glycemia and insulin action in women with prior gestational diabetes
Authors: Kubihal Suraj , Gupta Yashdeep , Goyal Alpesh , Kalaivani Mani , Tandon Nikhil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this cross‐sectional study was to comprehensively assess bone health in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus, including bone microarchitecture (TBS), bone mineral density (BMD, DXA) and bone turnover (osteocalcin).Design, Patients and MeasurementsStudy participants underwent a detailed anthropometric, biochemical and hormone assessment, including insulin and osteocalcin measurement. BMD was measured at lumbar spine, femur neck and total hip using DXA and TBS derived from lumbar spine DXA images using TBS iNsight software.ResultsA total of 240 women (mean age: 33.3 ± 5.0 years; median postpartum duration: 34 [interquartile range 13.0–54.5] months were evaluated. At the current visit, 115 (47.9%) and 36 (15%) women had prediabetes and diabetes, respectively. Women with dysglycemia (diabetes/prediabetes) had a higher BMD at all three sites, compared to those with normoglycemia; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Women with dysglycemia had a significantly lower TBS (1.32 ± 0.09 vs. 1.35 ± 0.09; p = .038). In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio for association between diabetes and low TBS was 2.92 (95% confidence interval: 1.20, 7.08; p = .018). Women with dysglycemia had significantly lower serum osteocalcin levels (18.6 ± 8.5 ng/ml vs. 21.5 ± 9.7 ng/ml; p = .018). HOMA‐IR (r = −.285, p < .001) was negatively correlated, while Matsuda index (r = .274, p < .001) and disposition index (r = .159, p = .016) were positively correlated with serum osteocalcin levels.ConclusionsBone health is affected early in the natural history of diabetes and is associated with an overall low bone turnover state.
Involvement of homeobox transcription factor Mohawk in palatogenesis
Authors: Adachi Yuka , Higuchi Aina , Wakai Eri , Shiromizu Takashi , Koiwa Junko , Nishimura Yuhei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPalatogenesis is affected by many factors, including gene polymorphisms and exposure to toxic chemicals during sensitive developmental periods. Cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies, and ongoing efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying palatogenesis are providing useful insights to reduce the risk of this disorder. To identify novel potential regulators of palatogenesis, we analyzed public transcriptome datasets from a mouse model of cleft palate caused by selective deletion of transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ) receptor type 2 in cranial neural crest cells. We identified the homeobox transcription factor Mohawk (Mkx) as a gene downregulated in the maxilla of TGFβ knockout mice compared with wild‐type mice. To examine the role of mkx in palatogenesis, we used CRISPR/Cas9 editing to generate zebrafish with impaired expression of mkxa and mkxb, the zebrafish homologs of Mkx. We found that mkx crispants expressed reduced levels of gli1, a critical transcription factor in the Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway that plays an important role in the regulation of palatogenesis. Furthermore, we found that mkxa−/− zebrafish were more susceptible than mkxa+/+ zebrafish to the deleterious effects of cyclopamine, an inhibitor of SHH signaling, on upper jaw development. These results suggest that Mkx may be involved in palatogenesis regulated by TGFβ and SHH signaling, and that impairment in Mkx function may be related to the etiology of cleft palate.
Baby’s first family: Unmarried mothers’ conceptions of their newborns’ family members
Authors: Helin Vaula , Castrén Anna‐Maija , Töttö Pertti 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe investigate Finnish unmarried mothers’ (n = 195) subjective understanding of their newborns’ families. In contrast to studies focusing on the mother's household or union status, we asked the mothers who they felt to belong to their baby's family. Latent class analysis detected four family types, varying in their inclusion of baby's father, siblings, wider kin group and parents’ friends. Most of the mothers subsumed extra‐household relationships in their baby's family, although one in four mothers limited the family to their household members. The results indicate notable differences in the newborns’ relational contexts, which may turn into differences in children's social resources.
Utility of SOX11 for the diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas on cytological preparations
Authors: Dinarvand Peyman , Wang Wei‐Lien , Roy‐Chowdhuri Sinchita 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) on fine needle aspiration specimens can be challenging because of morphological overlap with other pancreatic neoplasms, including pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (PanNET). SRY‐related high‐mobility group box 11 (SOX11) is a recently described sensitive and specific marker for SPN diagnosis. However, SOX11 immunocytochemistry on cytological smears has not been reported. We evaluated the utility of SOX11 for diagnosis of SPN on cytological preparations.MethodsSOX11 immunocytochemistry was performed on Papanicolaou‐stained smears and/or corresponding cell blocks from aspirates of 7 SPN and 10 PanNET cases identified between 2005 and 2020. Findings were compared with those for beta‐catenin, a frequently used diagnostic marker for SPN.ResultsSix smears and 6 cell blocks from SPN cases and 8 smears and 10 cell blocks from PanNET cases were available for immunostaining. For SPN, nuclear staining for SOX11 was seen in 6 of 6 (100%) smears and 5 of 6 (83%) cell blocks, with equivocal staining in 1 cell block. In contrast, 7 of 8 (88%) smears and 9 of 10 (90%) cell blocks were negative for SOX11 for PanNet, with equivocal staining seen in 1 case. Beta‐catenin immunocytochemistry showed nuclear staining in 6 of 7 (86%) SPN cases and no staining in all 10 (100%) PanNET cases.ConclusionsSOX11 detected by immunocytochemistry can serve as a useful diagnostic marker for SPN, in addition to beta catenin, and can be performed on cytological smears in cases without a cell block preparation.
The reward positivity shows increased amplitude and decreased latency with increasing age in early childhood
Authors: Hennefield Laura , Gilbert Kirsten , Whalen Diana , Giorio Cristal , Camacho Laura E. Quiñones , Kelly Danielle , Fleuchaus Ethan , Barch Deanna M. , Luby Joan L. , Hajcak Greg 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe reward positivity (RewP) is a widely studied measure of neural response to rewards, yet little is known about normative developmental characteristics of the RewP during early childhood. The present study utilized a pooled community sample of 309 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children who participated in the Doors guessing game to examine the latency and amplitude of the RewP. Peak detection of the gain‐loss difference waveform was conducted for electrodes Fz, Cz, Pz, Oz and the mean activity in a 100 ms window centered around this peak was analyzed. There was a significant decrease in RewP latency (RewP was earlier) and increase in RewP amplitude (RewP magnitude was larger) with advancing age in this cross‐sectional analysis. Further, these were independent effects, as both RewP latency and RewP amplitude were uniquely associated with children's age. Moreover, our results indicate that the RewP latency in 4‐ to 6‐year‐olds falls outside the 250–350 ms window typically used to quantify the RewP (RewP latency in our sample = 381 ms; SD = 60.15). The internal consistency for latency (.64) and amplitude (.27) of the RewP were characterized by moderate to low reliability, consistent with previous work on the reliability of difference scores. Overall, results demonstrate RewP differences in both timing and amplitude across age in early childhood, and suggest that both amplitude and latency of the RewP might function as individual difference measures of reward processing. These findings are discussed in the context of methodological considerations and the development of reward processing across early childhood.
A pilot study of new approaches to exploring illness trajectories and patterns of comorbidity in major mental disorders
Authors: Scott Jan , Vorspan Florence , Loftus Josephine , Bellivier Frank , Etain Bruno 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsWe explored lifetime comorbidities in clinical subsamples with a diagnosis of Psychosis (N = 143), bipolar (BD = 511), and unipolar disorders (UP = 861).MethodsWe analyzed trajectories and patterns of comorbidities using novel metrics, namely bubble plots and density of antecedent events per year of illness exposure per individual.ResultsAge at onset (AAO) of most comorbidities was similar to epidemiological studies, but cumulative rates were higher in clinical cases. There were some between group differences in patterns or burden of comorbidities, for example, Psychosis showed the earliest AAO of any mental disorder; UP showed the latest AAO of the index diagnosis. The relative risk of multimorbidity was lower in UP compared with other diagnoses, however, the goodness of fit for the illness trajectory path was lowest for BD.ConclusionsBubble plots offer a useful representation of timing, sequence, cumulative probability and of comorbidities, the added value of reporting density measures was less obvious.
Differential contributions between objective and subjective psychosis‐like experiences to suicidal ideation in college students
Authors: Ma Hong‐Xia , Zhao Jie , Lin Iun‐An , Zhang Xiu‐Jun , Li Zhan‐Jiang , Wang Chuan‐Yue , Zhou Fu‐Chun , Verma Swapna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe present study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of objective and subjective psychosis‐like experiences (PLEs) in non‐help‐seeking college students and to explore their differential contributions to suicidal ideation.MethodsFirst‐year college students were recruited and surveyed with the Chinese version of the 16‐item Prodromal Questionnaire (CPQ‐16), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ‐SF), Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9), General Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7) and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI). The Structured Interview of Psychosis‐Risk Syndromes (SIPS) was conducted in individuals with a CPQ‐16 score of 9 or higher.ResultsData were available for 8367 students. Three hundred and seventy of them scored 9 or higher on the CPQ‐16, suggesting potential PLEs (4.42%). Among them, 194 agreed to the SIPS screening. The PLEs were confirmed in 103 individuals who scored 1–5 on any positive symptom scales of the SIPS (objective PLEs, oPLEs). For the remaining 91 individuals, their PLEs were not confirmed by the SIPS and thus were categorized as individuals with subjective PLEs (sPLEs). In univariate logistic regression, oPLEs was associated with a two times risk of suicidal ideation compared to sPLEs (OR = 1.971, p = .029). In multivariate logistic regression when non‐PLE status was set as a reference, oPLEs significantly predicted suicidal ideation (OR = 3.441, p = .011), while the sPLEs (OR = 2.277, p = .091) was no longer a significant predictor after controlling for PHQ‐9, GAD‐7 and CPQ‐SF scores.ConclusionsOPLEs and sPLEs have differential contributions to suicidal ideation. OPLEs seems to be associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation and is independent of other psychopathology.
The analgesic effect of electroencephalographic neurofeedback for people with chronic pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hesam‐Shariati Negin , Chang Wei‐Ju , Wewege Michael A. , McAuley James H. , Booth Andrew , Trost Zina , Lin Chin‐Teng , Newton‐John Toby , Gustin Sylvia M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundElectroencephalographic (EEG) neurofeedback has been utilized to regulate abnormal brain activity associated with chronic pain.MethodsIn this systematic review, we synthesized the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of EEG neurofeedback on chronic pain using random effects meta‐analyses. Additionally, we performed a narrative review to explore the results of non‐randomized studies. The quality of included studies was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools, and the GRADE system was used to rate the certainty of evidence.ResultsTen RCTs and 13 non‐randomized studies were included. The primary meta‐analysis on nine eligible RCTs indicated that although there is low confidence, EEG neurofeedback may have a clinically meaningful effect on pain intensity in short‐term. Removing the studies with high risk of bias from the primary meta‐analysis resulted in moderate confidence that there remained a clinically meaningful effect on pain intensity. We could not draw any conclusion from the findings of non‐randomized studies, as they were mostly non‐comparative trials or explorative case series. However, the extracted data indicated that the neurofeedback protocols in both RCTs and non‐randomized studies mainly involved the conventional EEG neurofeedback approach, which targeted reinforcing either alpha or sensorimotor rhythms and suppressing theta and/or beta bands on one brain region at a time. A posthoc analysis of RCTs utilizing the conventional approach resulted in a clinically meaningful effect estimate for pain intensity.ConclusionAlthough there is promising evidence on the analgesic effect of EEG neurofeedback, further studies with larger sample sizes and higher quality of evidence are required.
Local knowledge, social identity and conflicts around traditional marine salmon fisheries – A case from Mid‐Norway
Authors: Dyrset Guri , Margaryan Lusine , Stensland Stian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNatural and cultural diversity is gaining wider global recognition as the key to sustainable development. This article looks at the challenges of conserving marine biocultural diversity by investigating the unique heritage of marine salmon fisheries through a case study of a small group of marine fisheries in Norway, still fishing for Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. Tight relationships between declining natural resources and daily struggles to keep cultural heritage alive are highlighted through theoretical perspectives of social identity and local ecological knowledge. The theoretical lens of social identity contributes to better understanding tensions between scientific and local knowledge by bringing forward social categorisation, polarisation and power relations as drivers of conflicts. Involvement of local communities and respect for their cultural heritage, knowledge and practices can assist in more effective management and governance of multifunctional biocultural landscapes, and contribute to their resilience and adaptability.
Bycatch of brown trout Salmo trutta in a commercial gillnet fishery targeting whitefish Coregonus lavaretus
Authors: Kuhn Jesper A. , Berg Søren , Støttrup Josianne G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe brown trout, Salmo trutta L., population in River Skjern, a major tributary stream to the Danish lagoon Ringkøbing Fjord, is reduced despite various efforts towards its recovery. This study investigated if bycatch of migratory trout in the commercial whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus L., fishery in the lagoon might be a significant cause. Experimental surveys were carried out to examine bycatch levels using different fishing protocols and gear types. Data were also collected through an observer fishery, questionnaires and from a database on local fisheries statistics. Trout occurred as bycatch in low numbers in the observer fishery (mean of 0.2 trout per km gillnet). The whitefish fishing protocols examined in the experimental surveys revealed a significantly lower bycatch of trout when fishing with sinking gillnets than floating gillnets. However, few fishers use floating gillnets in the present‐day fishery. The other fishing practices examined revealed no alternatives that would reduce trout bycatch markedly. The results indicated that the whitefish fishery in the lagoon is not the major reason for the lack of recovery of the trout population in River Skjern.
NLRC5 enhances autophagy via inactivation of AKT/mTOR pathway and ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Ba Bayinsilema , Mayila Abudoukelimu , Guo Yankai , Xu Jie , Xing Shifeng , Cao GuiQiu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain (NOD)‐like receptor family CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5) in cardiac hypertrophy, and to explore the mechanism implicated in this effect Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes using 1 μM of angiotensin II (Ang II) for 12, 24 and 48 h. Overexpression of NLRC5 was induced in H9C2 cells, and the NLRC5 + Ang II–treated cells were exposed to SC9 and 3‑methyladenine (3MA). An immunofluorescence assay was used for α‐actinin staining, and quantitative real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was performed for NLRC5, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) determination. Western blot analysis was applied to measure the levels of NLRC5, microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain 3 type I (LC3I), LC3II, sequestosome 1 (p62), protein kinase B (AKT), phosphorylated Akt (pAKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphorylated mTOR (pmTOR). The level of NLRC5 was significantly decreased after Ang II treatment in cardiomyocytes, but the levels of ANP and BNP were increased. Overexpression of NLRC5 reduced the cell size, downregulated the levels of ANP and BNP, increased LC3II / LC3I, but decreased p62 in Ang II–induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In addition, the results from Western blot showed that overexpression of NLRC5 distinctly decreased the ratios of pAKT/AKT and pmTOR/mTOR in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. SC79 and 3MA significantly downregulated the ratio of LC3I/LC3II but increased the level of p62 in NLRC5 + Ang II–treated cells. These results provide a possible novel therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy that might be useful in a clinical setting.
Information asymmetry and capital structure: Evidence from the Chinese stock market
Authors: Ho Kung‐Cheng , Gong Yujing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUsing a unique data set of information ratings (IRs) for firms listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2001 to 2018, we examine the impact of information asymmetry on capital structure decisions in China. We determine that firms with higher IRs have fewer debt issuances and lower leverage. This negative relationship is consistent for firms listed on the Main Board, Small and Medium‐sized Enterprise (SME) board and Growth Enterprise Market (GEM) board. We further decompose IR into accounting‐associated and nonaccounting‐associated components and find that both are negatively correlated with leverage. Additional analyses reveal that for firms listed on the SME and GEM boards, the nonaccounting‐associated component exhibits a stronger relationship with leverage than does the accounting‐associated component. Our results suggest that information asymmetry is instrumental in capital‐structure decision‐making.
Modulation of magnetoelectric coupling through systematically engineered spin canting in nickel–zinc ferrite
Authors: Cho Jae‐Hyeon , Kim Yu Jin , Kim Su Hwan , Lee Young‐Jin , Choi Jun‐Yong , Hwang Geon‐Tae , Ryu Jungho , Kwak Sang Kyu , Jo Wook 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA nickel–zinc ferrite system, which is one of the well‐known versatile soft‐ferromagnetic oxides, was investigated in terms of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling at room temperature. Herein, we demonstrated that spin canting is manipulated through a composition‐induced structural transition from an inverse to a normal spinel structure, leading to modulation in the ME coupling. The ME coefficient was maximized at 60 at.% Zn substitution with a value of 0.1 mV/(Oe·cm), denoting ∼70% enhancement compared to that of the pure nickel ferrite. It was revealed that the interspin angle is enhanced along the octahedral site at up to ∼60 at.% Zn substitution, consistent with the composition level at the culmination of the ME coupling, evidenced by X‐ray diffraction profiles and magnetic hysteresis loops combined with density functional theory calculations. Given that this approach is based on a tractable fabrication method, this study is expected to be widely used in modulation of the ME coupling in spinel‐structured oxides.
Structural, vibrational, thermal, and magnetic properties of mullite‐type NdMnTiO5 ceramic
Authors: Ghosh Kowsik , Murshed M. Mangir , Frederichs Thomas , Muniraju Naveen K. C. , Gesing Thorsten M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMullite‐type RMn2O5 (R = Y, rare‐earth element) ceramics are of ongoing research attention because of their interesting crystal‐chemical and magnetic properties. We report nuclear and magnetic structures of NdMnTiO5 together with its spectroscopic, thermogravimetric, and magnetic properties. The polycrystalline sample is prepared by solid‐state synthesis and characterized from neutron and X‐ray powder diffraction data Rietveld refinements. NdMnTiO5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbam with metric parameter a = 755.20(1) pm, b = 869.91(1) pm, c = 582.42(1) pm, and V = 382.62(1) 106 pm3. The Mn3+ and Ti4+ cations are observed to be located in the octahedral and pyramidal sites, respectively. The vibrational features in these polyhedral sites are characterized by Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopes. The higher decomposition temperature of NdMnTiO5, compared to other RMn2O5 phases, is explained in terms of the higher bond strength of Ti‐O bonds than those of Mn‐O bonds. Temperature‐dependent DC magnetic susceptibility suggests a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic phase transition at 43(1) K. Inverse susceptibility in the paramagnetic region above 120 K follows the Curie‐Weiss law, resulting in a magnetic moment of 6.33(1) μB per formula unit. Neutron diffraction data collected at 7.5 K reveal that the magnetic moments of Nd3+ and Mn3+ in NdMnTiO5 are incommensurately ordered with a propagation vector k = (0, 0.238, 0.117).
Anoplophora glabripennis: Host choice, oviposition and performance of new hatched larvae on ‘resistant’ poplar species
Authors: Yan Shi‐Yao , Zhang Ge , Liu Jian‐Feng , Su Zhi , Wei Jian‐Rong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractForests in north‐western China are comprised mainly of poplar trees, predominantly Populus alba var. pyramidalis (PAP). Both Populus deltoides cl. Beikang (PDB) and PAP are attacked by the Asian long‐horned beetle (ALB), but vary in their resistance to attack. To investigate performance of ALB on PDB and PAP, we evaluated: host‐locating time, feeding and oviposition; and larval survival rate and weight in single‐choice and two‐choice bioassays; and undertook a field single‐choice test. Results showed that there was no significant difference in the time that female ALB took to locate PDB and PAP in a cage bioassay, but males located PDB faster than PAP. Although not statistically significant, the mean weight of frass produced by adults feeding on PDB was less than on PAP in both the two‐choice and single‐choice experiments. The mean numbers of oviposition notch grooves on PDB and PAP in the single‐choice experiment were similar, but there were more oviposition notch grooves on PDB than on PAP in the two‐choice experiment. Survival rates of young larvae on PDB were significantly lower than on PAP. The average weights of larvae on PAP were significantly higher than on PDB in both two‐choice and single‐choice experiments. In the field experiment, mean numbers of oviposition notch grooves were significantly higher on PDB than on PAP, but mean weights and survival rates of larvae were significantly lower on PDB than on PAP, which suggested that PDB attracted ALB oviposition but showed strong resistant to developing ALB offspring. In conclusion, although PDB was more attractive for oviposition by ALB, it was still more resistant than PAP, providing a useful reference for selection of resistant varieties.