bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Dietary Genistein and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Lipid Peroxidation, and Fatty Acid Composition of Meat in Quail Exposed to Heat Stress
Authors: Orhan Cemal , Sahin Nurhan , Sahin Kazim , Kucuk Osman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and genistein on performance and meat fatty acid profiles in quail exposed to heat stress. A total of 360 Japanese quail were divided into 12 groups in a 2x2x3 factorial design; each group comprised 30 quail with five replicates and were kept either at 22 ± 2°C for 24h/d (Thermoneutral,TN) and 34 ± 2°C for 8 h/d (08:00 to 17:00 h) followed by 22°C for 16 h (Heat Stress,HS) conditions. The diet contained either two levels of PUFA at 15 or 45% of total fat or three levels of genistein at 0, 400, or 800 mg/kg. Bodyweight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were lower (p ≥ 0.01) for quail reared under heat stress and fed low PUFA. Increasing dietary genistein in a linear manner improved the productive performance (p < 0.001). Heat stress caused increases in serum and thigh meat malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and decreases in genistein, vitamin E and A concentrations in serum and thigh meat (p < 0.001). High PUFA (PUFA45) in diet of quail caused greater 18:2, 18:3 ALA, EPA, DHA, n-6, and n-3 PUFA as well as total PUFA and total USFA percentages (p < 0.001) in thigh muscle, some of which decreased with heat stress (p ≥ 0.006) with no regards to genistein supplementation. This study revealed that genistein with greater doses along with greater PUFA inclusion to the diet of quail reared under heat stress is recommended for alleviating adverse effects of heat stress and for yielding healthier meat for human consumption.
Equus roundworms (Parascaris spp.) are undergoing divergence due to natural and anthropogenic factors
Authors: Han Lei , Lan Tianming , Lu Yaxian , Zhou Mengchao , Li Haimeng , Lu Haorong , Wang Qing , Li Xiuyun , Du Shan , Guan Chunyu , Zhang Yong , Qian Puyi , Sahu Sunil , Zhang Shaofang , Zhou Hongcheng , Guo Wei , Chai Hongliang , Wang Sibo , Liu Quan , Liu Huan , Hou Zhijun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The evolution of parasites is often directly affected by the host's environment or behavior. Studies on the evolution of the same parasites in different hosts are extremely attractive and highly relevant to our understanding of divergence and speciation. Here we presented the first molecular evidence of divergence of Equus roundworms in different hosts (horses, zebras and donkeys). At the genetic level, Equus roundworms were mainly separated into two clades (Horse-derived and Zebra & Donkey-derived). This divergence began at 600–1500 years ago, which interestingly coincided with the domestication history of horses. We found that most of the key enzymes related to glycolysis were under strong positive selection in zebra & donkey-derived roundworms, indicating that the evolution of the metabolic level was one of the main reasons for the divergence. In addition, we conducted a selective scan of resistance-related genes and found that the three populations were under different degrees of selection. This prompted us to pay attention to the possible impact of drugs on divergence, not just the drug resistance. This work supports that divergence or speciation is a continuous and dynamic process, and continuous monitoring of environmental factors is conducive to further understanding the adaptive evolution of roundworms.
Does the Ratio of Compounds in a Plant Volatiles Blend Remain Stable During Transmission by Wind?
Authors: Cai Xiaoming , Guo Yuhang , Bian Lei , Luo Zongxiu , Li Zhaoqun , Xiu Chunli , Fu Nanxia , Chen Zongmao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
For plant volatiles to mediate interactions in tritrophic systems, they must convey accurate and reliable information to insects. However, it is unknown whether the ratio of compounds in plant volatile blends remains stable during wind transmission. In this study, volatiles released from an odor source were collected at different points in a wind tunnel and analyzed. The variation in the amounts of volatiles collected at different points formed a rough cone shape. The amounts of volatiles collected tended to decrease with increasing distance from the odor source. Principal component analyses showed that the volatile profiles were dissimilar among different collection points. The profiles of volatiles collected nearest the odor source were the most similar to the released odor. Higher wind speed resulted in a clearer distinction of the spatial distribution of volatile compounds. Thus, variations in the ratios of compounds in odor plumes exist even during transport over short distances.
The Impact of ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids on lipoproteins in renal replacement therapy patients: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Chang Ke-Yu , Chen Yi-Chun , Kao Chih-Chin , Yeh Shu-Ching , Kang Yi-No , Huang Chih-Wei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Numerous randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have assessed the effects of supplemental dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), and LDL/HDL ratios in renal replacement therapy patients. However, the results have been ambiguous due to mixed reports of various nutrients used in the intervention group. We performed a network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to assess the effects of PUFAs on lipid profiles in renal replacement therapy patients. Methods RCTs performed prior to September 2020 were gathered from three databases. The means, standard deviations, and the number of cases for each arm were independently extracted by 2 authors for forming a network meta-analysis of LDL and HDL levels, and LDL/HDL ratios in random-effects model. Results Twenty-seven RCTs (n=1975) were included in this study. The pooled results revealed that the combination of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3) and omega-6 fatty acids (n-6) was significantly lower for the LDL (standardized mean difference [SMD]: −0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.87 to −0.13) than the placebo, and the placebo resulted in significantly lower HDL than n-3 (SMD: −0.85, 95% CI: −1.50 to −0.20). There was no evidence of inconsistency or publication bias in the pooled results. Conclusions Collectively, PUFAs seems to be effective nutrients in controlling lipoprotein among renal replacement therapy patients. To be specific, n-3+n-6 improves LDL, and n-3 improves HDL and LDL/HDL. However, our data provide limited information on specific dosages of PUFAs to guide the clinical treatment of renal replacement therapy patients.
Assessing the Prevalence and Predicting Factors of an Abnormal Gated Myocardial Perfusion SPECT in Asymptomatic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Elinaz , Ghodsirad Mohammadali , Alirezaei Toktam , Arefnia Maryam , Amoui Mahasti , Pirayesh Elahe , Norouzi Ghazal , Khoshbakht sepideh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
IntroductionConsidering the significant prevalence of silent myocardial ischemia and its related morbidity and mortality in asymptomatic type two diabetic patients, it is not well known whether early screening with MPI is cost-effective. However, predicting factors are not elucidated. Materials and MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study including 63 asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with normal ECG and ejection fraction. Patients with any history of documented valvular, congestive or ischemic heart disease, renal or hepatic failure were excluded. At first all patients were interviewed and checked for risk factors and then patients underwent a two-day rest/stress 99mTc-MIBI gated MPI SPECT. Data was assessed by QPS/QGS and 4DM software and evaluated by a nuclear medicine specialist with summed stress score (SSS) of more than 4 defined as CAD. ResultsThere were 42 females (67%) and 21 males (33%), with a mean age of 61.33 ± 6.98 years and 7.97 ± 4.86 years history of T2DM. CAD was detected in 26 (41.3%) patients and was significantly associated with male gender, smoking, requiring insulin therapy and EF (P-value = 0.019, 0.046, 0.05, 0.033, respectively). A significant association was found between the duration of diabetes, especially when >15y, and the probability of having CAD.. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that smoking; male gender and diabetes duration were the strongest independent predictors of abnormal MPI results.Conclusion﻿We found a high (46%) prevalence of abnormal stress MPI SPECT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, despite being asymptomatic. Asymptomatic patients with a history of smoking, long duration of diabetes, being under insulin treatment and male gender might benefit from MPI for early detection of silent ischemia.
Influence of Dry Friction on the Wear Behavior of X52 Steel -Experimental Study and Simulation Using Response Surfaces Method
Authors: Meddah Soumaya , Bourebia Mounira , Gherfi Kaddour , Lakhdar Laouar , Oulabbas Amel , Achouri Sihem , Kahloul Latifa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The objective of this work is to identify the most influential parameters on the friction coefficient and wear rate, using the response surface method. The friction tests were carried out by adopting the methodology of complete planes 23at three factors ("D", "V" et "Py"), at two level for each factor. The results show a decrease in the wear rate when the three factors are at their highest level and a decrease in the friction coefficient when using minimum loads and speeds on important distances. In addition, the developed mathematical models make it possible to reveal a correlation between the test parameters and the responses studied in their studied domain. An evaluation of the volume parameters "Vmc" and "Vvv" was carried out. The morphology of the worn surface shows that the friction under a load of 1 N leads to the predominance of an abrasive wear mechanism, while a load of 10 N favors an adhesive wear mechanism, increasing the parameters "Vmc" and "Vvv" to the maximum.
Friction Stir Welding: Mitigating the Susceptibility to Intergranular Corrosion of Alloy 625
Authors: Lemos Guilherme Vieira Braga , Farina Alexandre Bellegard , Piaggio Henrique , Bergmann Luciano , Zoppas Jane , Santos Jorge Fernandez dos , Voort George Vander , Reguly Afonso 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, friction stir welding (FSW) was employed to alloy 625 grade I (soft annealed) sheets. Therefore, solid-state based welding was undertaken with a tool rotational speed of 200 rpm and welding speed of 1 mm/s. Microstructural features were analyzed by light optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, microhardness measurements were performed. The susceptibility to intergranular corrosion was verified by the double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) test. Complementary, intergranular corrosion was evaluated by ASTM G28 Method A. FSW promoted grain refinement, increased microhardness, and reduction in the degree of sensitization. Finally, the mean corrosion rate observed in the ASTM G28A test was 0.4406 mm/year, which suggests a good weld quality.
Improvement of Injection Accuracy in the Media Changing Process for Cell Processing
Authors: Nonoyama Ryosuke , Yori Koichiro , Sugiura Keiichi , Jinno Makoto 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In regenerative medicine, manual cell processing is labor-intensive and costly and needs to become more efficient. Recently, automatic cell culture systems equipped with vertically articulated robots have been developed. However, automating all cell processing tasks complicates these systems. This study aims to develop a simple and rational cell processing system by combining robot and human tasks. In a previous study, we improved the efficiency of discarding and injecting tasks using a robot in a media changing process. In this study, we further investigated the injection method and developed and evaluated two types of algorithms that are both accurate and can handle variable target volumes. One algorithm predicts the time to stop injecting based on the flow rate and corrects the stop timing based on the y-intercept of the injection volume and the target volume. The other algorithm uses machine learning to predict the time to stop injecting based on the flow rate, y-intercept, and target volume. Our experimental results revealed the feasibility of both algorithms. With these algorithms, a robot can perform the injecting task more efficiently than a human.
Molecular Characteristics and Genetic Evolutionary Analyses of Circulating Parvoviruses Derived From Cats in Beijing
Authors: Tang Yashu , Tang Na , Zhu Jingru , Liu Yang , Lyu Yanli 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Feline parvovirus (FPV) is a member of the Parvoviridae family, which is a major enteric pathogen of cats worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of feline parvovirus in Beijing, China and analyze the genetic features of detected viruses.Results: In this study, a total of 60 parvovirus-positive samples (8.5%) were detected from 702 cat fecal samples using parvovirus specific PCR. The complete VP2 genes were amplified from all these samples. Among them, 55 sequences were characterized as FPV (91.7%), the other five were typed as canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) variants (8.3%), comprised of four CPV-2c and a new CPV-2b strain. In order to identify the origin of CPV-2 variants in cats, we amplified full-length VP2 genes from 7 fecal samples of dogs infected with CPV-2, which were further classified as CPV-2c. Moreover, the sequences of new CPV-2b/MT270586 and CPV-2c/MT270587 detected from feline samples shared 100% identity with previous canine isolates KT156833 and MF467242 respectively, indicating the CPV-2 variants circulating in cats were derived from dogs. Sequence analysis indicated new mutations, Ala91Ser and Ser192Phe, in the FPV sequences, while obtained CPV-2c carried mutations reported in Asian CPV variants, showing they share a common evolutionary pattern with the Asian 2c strains. Interestingly, the FPV sequence (MT270571), displaying four CPV-specific residues, was found to be a putative recombinant sequence between CPV-2c and FPV. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP2 gene showed that amino acid and nucleotide mutations promoted the evolution of different geographical branches of FPV and CPV lineages.Conclusions: Our findings will be helpful to further understand the circulation and evolution of canine and feline parvovirus in Beijing.
Antioxidant Activities, Functional Properties, and Application of a Novel Lepidium Sativum Polysaccharide Cake Formulation
Authors: Slima Sirine Ben , Ktari Naourez , Trabelsi Imen , Chouikhi Aicha , Hzami Amina , Taktak Mohamed Amie , Msaddak Lotfi , salah Riadh ben 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A novel heteropolysaccharide, named Cress Water Soluble Polysaccharide (CWSP) was purified from Lepidium sativum seeds. Antioxidant activities and functional properties were characterized thermally using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of CWSP were evaluated. The total antioxidant capacity and the metal chelating activities of CWSP at 3 mg/ml was equivalent to 116.34 µg acsorbic acid and 62.57%, respectively. CWSP were thermally stable and presented high water (WHC) and oil holding (OHC) capacities and good emulsion properties. CWSP was used for the production of cakes. The formulations samples were prepared with different levels of CWSP (0.1; 0.3 and 0.5%) and analyzed during 15 days of storage at room temperature. The obtained results indicated that the addition of CWSP had a significant effect on the texture profile, leading to the increase in all parameters in terms of hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness and chewiness. Moreover, the reformulation samples presented higher a* and lower L* and b* than control sample. The sensory evaluation showed that the formulation of cake with 0.3% of CWSP was the most acceptable. Therefore, CWSP proved to be a new alternative for improving the quality attributes and showed potent antioxidant activities on the shelf life during the storage of bakery foods.
Inverse Kinematic Algorithm for 8-DOF Redundant Manipulators Based on Weighted Least-Norm Method and Parameterization Method
Authors: Chen Zi Ming , Guo Yu , Xu Zong Guo , Ji Chao Yang , Yanwen Li 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Eight-degree-of-freedom redundant manipulators are considered more suitable for performing special tasks in unstructured environments due to their high degree of freedom and flexibility. The 8-DOF tunnel shotcrete manipulator is a kind of equipment that is applied to the concrete spraying support in the process of tunnel excavation. Since the mechanism itself is a redundant manipulator with link offset, its inverse kinematics is extremely difficult to solve. To address the problems that the conventional redundant manipulator inverse kinematics solution is difficult to solve analytically and the numerical algorithm requires several iterations with accumulated errors, a synthesis inverse kinematics algorithm based on the weighted minimum norm method and the joint angle parameterization method is proposed to overcome these defects. Firstly, a set of optimized joint angle approximation solutions is obtained based on the weighted least norm method of joint angle limit avoidance optimization function, and secondly, two joint variables are parameterized as known parameters in the optimized approximation solutions based on the joint angle parameterization method, and further, the analytical expressions of the remaining joint angles are derived by algebraic methods. Finally, the superiority of the inverse kinematic synthesis algorithm over the joint angle parameterization method in terms of joint motion is verified by comparing numerical examples of linear motion trajectories. Numerical simulation results show that the algorithm has the advantages of avoiding joint angle limits, high computational accuracy, no cumulative error, and the algorithm can meet the general real-time motion control requirements as demonstrated by the experimental analysis of algorithm time consumption.
Uncovering Active Bacterial Symbionts in Pollen-Feeding Beetles
Authors: Mancini Emiliano , Sabatelli Simone , Hu Yi , Frasca Sara , Giulio Andrea Di , Audisio Paolo , Brown Christopher D. , Russell Jacob A. , Trizzino Marco 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Microbial symbionts enable many phytophagous insects to specialize on plant-based diets through a range of metabolic services. Pollen comprises one plant tissue consumed by such herbivores. While rich in lipids and protein, its nutrient content is often imbalanced and difficult-to-access due to a digestibly recalcitrant cell wall. Pollen quality can be further degraded by harmful allelochemicals. To identify microbes that may aid in palynivory, we performed cDNA-based 16S rRNA metabarcoding on three related pollen beetles (Nitidulidae: Meligethinae) exhibiting different dietary breadths: Brassicogethes aeneus, B. matronalis, and Meligethes atratus. Nine bacterial symbionts (i.e. 97% OTUs) exhibited high metabolic activity during active feeding. Subsequent PCR surveys revealed varying prevalence of those from three Rickettsialles genera - Lariskella, Rickettsia and Wolbachia - within beetle populations. Our findings lay the groundwork for future studies on the influence of phylogeny and diet on palynivorous insect microbiomes, and roles of symbionts in the use of challenging diets.
Automatic Artifact Recognition and Correction for Electrodermal Activity in Uncontrolled Environments
Authors: Llanes-Jurado Jose , Carrasco-Ribelles Lucía Amalia , Alcañiz Mariano , Marín-Morales Javier 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Scholars are increasingly using electrodermal activity (EDA) to assess cognitive-emotional states in laboratory environments, while recent applications have recorded EDA in uncontrolled settings, such as daily-life and virtual reality (VR) contexts, in which users can freely walk and move their hands. However, these records can be affected by major artifacts stemming from movements that can obscure valuable information. Previous work has analyzed signal correction methods to improve the quality of the signal or proposed artifact recognition models based on time windows. Despite these efforts, the correction of EDA signals in uncontrolled environments is still limited, and no existing research has used a signal manually corrected by an expert as a benchmark. This work investigates different machine learning and deep learning architectures, including support vector machines, recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and convolutional neural networks, for the automatic artifact recognition of EDA signals. The data from 44 subjects during an immersive VR task were collected and cleaned by two experts as ground truth. The best model, which used an RNN fed with the raw signal, recognized 72% of the artifacts and had an accuracy of 87%. An automatic correction was performed on the detected artifacts through a combination of linear interpolation and a high degree polynomial. The evaluation of this correction showed that the automatically and manually corrected signals did not present differences in terms of phasic components, while both showed differences to the raw signal. This work provides a tool to automatically correct artifacts of EDA signals which can be used in uncontrolled conditions, allowing for the development of intelligent systems based on EDA monitoring without human intervention.
A Procedure for Damage-Based Seismic Design of Moment Frame Structures
Authors: Behnamfar Farhad , Hosseini-Rad Ali , Habiby Yusef Mesr 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A new method for seismic design of structures with the aim of controlling earthquake damage to a prescribed level is presented in this paper. The main idea is determining a design story drift in correlation to a selected damage index value. For this purpose, the Park-Ang damage index is correlated with a damage index that simply uses only the maximum story drift. Through performing several nonlinear dynamic analyses of selected moment frame steel structures and regression analysis, it is shown that such a correlation is possible by a simple linear relation. Beginning from a desired value of the damage index, the design story drift is calculated using the developed linear equation and the same buildings are designed using a displacement-base procedure. Results of the nonlinear dynamic analysis of the buildings show that the maximum story damage index under a suit of spectrum compatible ground motions is consistent with the selected initial damage index using the proposed procedure.