bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus: a primary metabolic disturbance. Metabolomics underlying vascular responses to stress and ischemia?
Authors: Oikonomou Evangelos , Tsioufis Costas , Tousoulis Dimitris 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a primary metabolic disorder and the impact of this entity on maladaptive tissue and organ responses may be mediated through alter metabolomic profile and signatures at steady state or at stress. To this point of view Beckman et al. (Clin. Sci. (Lond.) (2020) 134, 2369–2379), in a hypothesis-generated study, investigated how metabolomic profile is affected following branchial artery ischemia. Interestingly, they found that there is a dynamic and altered change of metabolites associated with energy substrate and with glycolysis/glyconeogenesis in patients with DM. This evidence may shed light on the impaired muscle tolerance in subjects with DM and on impaired vasoreactivity. However, these data lack the ability to be conclusive and further steps should be explored to understand how metabolomic profile is implicated in the response of muscle tissue to ischemia and to the clinical profile of subjects with DM.
Exponential input‐to‐state stability of delay reaction‐diffusion systems
Authors: Ren Meng‐Zhen , Liu Xiao‐Zhen , Wu Kai‐Ning 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis brief paper considers the exponential input‐to‐state stability (EISS) for delay reaction‐diffusion systems (DRDSs). The distributed input and boundary input are both included in the considered model. Boundary input is an important characteristic for DRDSs which are a kind of partial differential systems. Using Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional method and Wirtinger‐type inequality, a delay‐dependent sufficient condition is obtained to ensure the EISS of DRDSs. Besides the effect of time delay on the EISS, this sufficient condition also shows the effect of the diffusion term on the EISS and this is a significant property of reaction–diffusion systems differing from the ordinary differential systems. At last, numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Synthesis and investigation of dielectric properties of nanoceramic composite material for microwave applications
Authors: Siragam Srilali , Dubey Raghvendra S. , Pappula Lakshman 
Published: February 2021

This Letter reports the synthesis of nanoceramic composite ZnAl2O4TiO2 by using a cost‐effective and straight forward sol–gel route. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) showed the ZnAl2O4 cubic structure along with the mixed anatase‐ and rutile‐phases of TiO2. Rietveld refinement is performed using XRD pattern to study the structural parameters. Raman investigation endorsed the corresponding vibration peaks of TiO2 and ZnO. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy evidenced the agglomerated spherical nanoparticles. Energy‐dispersive spectroscopy analysis demonstrated the elementary peaks of Zn, Al, and Ti at 4.5, 1.5, and 1 eV, respectively. LCR measurement revealed the decreased dielectric permittivity with the rise in frequency and temperature. This dielectric characteristic is attributed to the dipole movement of the charge carriers. Furthermore, the authors present the investigation of the conductivity and impedance of the prepared dielectric ceramic material.
Facile precipitation synthesis of extraordinary visible‐light‐driven BiOXs photocatalyst
Authors: Guo Xiya , Li Lun , Zhu Xueling , Song Jinling , Wang Ruifen , Zhang Bangwen 
Published: February 2021

Bismuth halide oxide with three halogen elements (P‐BiOXs) catalyst was prepared by a facile precipitation method at room temperature only for 30 min. Several measurement technologies were employed to characterise the structures and morphologies of the obtained samples. Coloured Rhodamine B (RhB), methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB) and colourless bisphenol A (BPA) were selected to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the samples. The experimental results showed the P‐BiOXs thin nanoplates exhibited the most excellent photocatalytic activity among the prepared samples for the degradation of MO under visible light illumination. More importantly, the catalyst P‐BiOXs could effectively degradate RhB, MB and BPA. The P‐BiOXs catalyst displayed good photocatalytic stability by the recycling tests. The highly efficient visible light catalytic properties of P‐BiOXs could be due to the high specific surface area, enhanced light‐harvesting ability, the suitable bandgap energy and the lower recombination rate of the photogenerated electrons and holes.
Lipoedema – a growing problem in Spain
Authors: Forner-Cordero Isabel , Forner-Cordero Angeles 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLipoedema is a chronic disease frequent in women, that causes an abnormal fat deposition in their lower limbs, with a remarkable disproportion between the upper and lower part of the body, easy bruising and pain. Despite the lack of pathognomonic tests for lipoedema, more and more patients in social networks are claiming they suffer from it, giving the disease more visibility but allowing a lot of fake information about lipoedema. Information for self-care and realistic expectations are important. Depending on the severity, the treatment includes: physical therapies, compression garments, exercise, diet, psychological support and surgical treatment.
Pränatale Strahlenexposition aus nuklearmedizinischer Indikation
Authors: Happel Christian , Borowski Markus , Kamp Alexandra , Rudolf Frank , Wicke Jan Henryk , Gröner Daniel , Grünwald Frank , Fiebich Martin 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDie nuklearmedizinische Strahlenexposition Schwangerer kann bei Patientinnen sowie bei den Behandelnden Unsicherheit hervorrufen. Der 2019 überarbeitete DGMP-Bericht „Pränatale Strahlenexposition aus medizinischer Indikation, Dosisermittlung, Folgerungen für Arzt und Schwangere“ bietet eine Grundlage zur Ermittlung der Dosis für das Ungeborene. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit fasst die wichtigsten allgemeinen Änderungen der neuen Version des Berichts zusammen und stellt die für die Nuklearmedizin wesentlichen Aspekte detailliert vor.Die rasante Weiterentwicklung des Indikationsspektrums der nuklearmedizinischen und der radiologischen Bildgebung hat den Anlass gegeben, den Bericht im Jahr 2019 komplett zu überarbeiten. Dabei wurde zudem der Erweiterung des Gerätespektrums nuklearmedizinischer Hybridgeräte sowie der Einführung neuer Radiotracer Rechnung getragen. Die Berechnung der Dosis des Ungeborenen erfolgt auf der Basis aktueller Dosiskoeffizienten. Die wichtigste Änderung zur Vorversion des DGMP-Berichts ist die Umwandlung des 3-Stufen-Konzepts der Dosisermittlung in ein 2-Stufen-Konzept. Bei nuklearmedizinischen Untersuchungen erfolgt nun in Stufe 1 eine konservative Abschätzung der Strahlenexposition nach Tabellen auf Basis der diagnostischen Referenzwerte aus dem Jahr 2012. Liegt diese unter 20 mSv, besteht keine Notwendigkeit für weiterführende Maßnahmen, insbesondere besteht keine strahlenbiologische Indikation für einen Schwangerschaftsabbruch. Werden 20 mSv überschritten, liegen für eine Untersuchung keine DRW vor oder für den Fall einer nuklearmedizinischen Therapie ist eine genauere Berechnung nach Stufe 2 des 2-Stufen-Konzepts erforderlich. Diese sieht eine Berechnung der Strahlenexposition unter Berücksichtigung der tatsächlich verabreichten Aktivität und des Schwangerschaftsstadiums vor.Der DGMP-Bericht zur pränatalen Strahlenexposition ist ein Leitfaden für nuklearmedizinisch tätige Ärzte und Medizinphysik-Experten (MPE). Die enthaltenen Berechnungsgrundlagen und Handlungsempfehlungen sind eine wichtige Grundlage zur Abschätzung der Dosis bei der Strahlenexposition Ungeborener.
Validating the Matching of Patients in the Linkage of a Large Hospital System's EHR with State and National Death Databases
Authors: Conway Rebecca B. N. , Armistead Matthew G. , Denney Michael J. , Smith Gordon S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Though electronic health record (EHR) data have been linked to national and state death registries, such linkages have rarely been validated for an entire hospital system's EHR.
Objectives The aim of the study is to validate West Virginia University Medicine's (WVU Medicine) linkage of its EHR to three external death registries: the Social Security Death Masterfile (SSDMF), the national death index (NDI), the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (DHHR).
Methods Probabilistic matching was used to link patients to NDI and deterministic matching for the SSDMF and DHHR vital statistics records (WVDMF). In subanalysis, we used deaths recorded in Epic (n = 30,217) to further validate a subset of deaths captured by the SSDMF, NDI, and WVDMF.
Results Of the deaths captured by the SSDMF, 59.8 and 68.5% were captured by NDI and WVDMF, respectively; for deaths captured by NDI this co-capture rate was 80 and 78%, respectively, for the SSDMF and WVDMF. Kappa statistics were strongest for NDI and WVDMF (61.2%) and NDI and SSDMF (60.6%) and weakest for SSDMF and WVDMF (27.9%). Of deaths recorded in Epic, 84.3, 85.5, and 84.4% were captured by SSDMF, NDI, and WVDMF, respectively. Less than 2% of patients' deaths recorded in Epic were not found in any of the death registries. Finally, approximately 0.2% of “decedents” in any death registry re-emerged in Epic at least 6 months after their death date, a very small percentage and thus further validating the linkages.
Conclusion NDI had greatest validity in capturing deaths in our EHR. As a similar, though slightly less capture and agreement rate in identifying deaths is observed for SSDMF and state vital statistics records, these registries may be reasonable alternatives to NDI for research and quality assurance studies utilizing entire EHRs from large hospital systems. Investigators should also be aware that there will be a very tiny fraction of “dead” patients re-emerging in the EHR.
Respiratory Care in Children with COVID-19
Authors: Gupta Shalu , Angurana Suresh K. , Kumar Virendra 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The common presentations in children include involvement of respiratory system leading to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, as well as multiorgan dysfunction syndrome and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Pediatric COVID-19 is a milder disease as compared with the adults. Also, there is rise in MIS-C cases which is a hyperinflammatory condition temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2. Since respiratory system is predominantly involved, few of these critically ill children often require respiratory support which can range from simple oxygen delivery devices, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), noninvasive ventilation (NIV), invasive mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Most of the oxygen delivery devices and respiratory interventions generate aerosols and pose risk of transmission of virus to health care providers (HCPs). The use of HFNC and NIV should be limited to children with mild respiratory distress preferably in negative pressure rooms and with adequate personal protective equipment (PPE). However, there should be low thresholds for intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation in the event of clinical deterioration while on any respiratory support. The principle of providing respiratory support requires special droplet and air-borne precautions to limit exposure or transmission of virus to HCPs and at the same time ensuring safety of the patient.
Feasibility of Same Day Discharge Post-Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy
Authors: DiJoseph Kara , Manzo Carl , Pauli Eric , Mathew Abraham 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPeroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has emerged as a successful treatment for achalasia and other spastic disorders of the esophagus. With clinical experience, a same day discharge protocol has been developed. Readmission rates and postprocedural complications related to POEM procedures at a single institution were compared in patients discharged same day versus overnight observation. A total of 66 patients were discharged within hours after the procedure while 88 were admitted for monitoring overnight; no differences in readmissions or complications were identified. Same day discharge after POEM is relatively safe and has no difference in readmission or complication rates compared with overnight observations.
Effect of film structure on CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films’ degradation
Authors: Khelfaoui F. , Belaidi I. , Attaf N. , Aida M. S. 
Published: February 2021

The instability of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite hybrid organic–inorganic films is a serious problem, which might be a drawback for their use in solar energy conversion. In this work, we have evaluated the degradation of the perovskite films and studied the influence of film morphology on their degradation. CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films were deposited on glass substrates by a spin coating technique at different centrifugation speeds using different solvents. This study aims to determine the films’ properties that may control the degradation process. This study was based on the comparison between the characteristics determined from XRD analysis and optical transmittance of freshly deposited films and those aged 1 year in ambient air at room temperature and dark conditions. The degradation was manifested by the partial decomposition of the perovskite to PbI2, I2, and metallic lead. The degradation evaluation was achieved by the determination of the variation of the most intense XRD diffraction peak in the freshly prepared film and after aging. The results indicated that the degradation is very sensitive to the films’ porosity and thickness. Reducing the thickness of the film or increasing the porosity enhances the degradation process.
Large electrocaloric effect in lead-free ferroelectric Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 thin film heterostructure
Authors: Barman Abhisikta , Chatterjee Subhashree , Ou Canlin , Yau Tse Yau , Banerjee Niladri , Kar-Narayan Sohini , Datta Anuja , Mukherjee Devajyoti 
Published: February 2021

A large electrocaloric effect is reported in a strain-engineered Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCZT) thin film heterostructure driven by the near room-temperature electro-structural phase transition. An epitaxial BCZT/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (BCZT/LSMO) heterostructure was grown on a single-crystal SrTiO3 (100) substrate using pulsed laser deposition. In-depth x-ray diffraction and x-ray spectroscopic analyses revealed the single-crystalline nature and stoichiometric growth of the heterostructure. Both temperature dependent x-ray diffraction and dielectric measurements revealed a broad second-order-type phase transition near 430 K in the BCZT/LSMO heterostructure. From detailed theoretical analyses of the experimental data, it was confirmed that the phase transition around 430 K is second-order in nature, unlike the first-order transition observed in bulk BCZT materials. Thermodynamic analyses of polarization revealed an unprecedently large adiabatic temperature change of 13.5 K at 430 K under a field change of 1000 kV cm−1, hitherto unobserved in a lead-free material. Extremely broad adiabatic temperature change ΔT(T) curves over a wide working range of temperatures (330 K &lt; T &lt; 480 K) resulted in enhanced relative cooling powers, which are higher than those reported so far in most electrocaloric materials. We propose that an interfacial strain-induced enhanced tetragonal distortion of the BCZT layer gives rise to these large electrocaloric effects in the BCZT/LSMO heterostructure system. The demonstration of a large electrocaloric effect in the lead-free BCZT thin film may open up new pathways toward the design of artificial heterostructures for eco-friendly solid-state cooling applications.
Fabrication of a high-speed plasmonic reflection/transmission modulator
Authors: Siadat Mousavi Saba , Olivieri Anthony , Berini Pierre 
Published: February 2021

The fabrication of a high-speed plasmonic reflection/transmission modulator for operation at λ0 = 1550 nm is presented and described in detail. Front-side ground and signal contacts provide easy electrical probe access to the device, while allowing the transmission of light through the substrate. Modulation is based on enhanced perturbation of the effective refractive index of grating-coupled surface plasmon polaritons propagating along a metal–oxide–semiconductor structure on silicon. Fabrication steps include deposition of a plasmonic metal patch, deposition of Ohmic contacts, deposition of an Au nanograting coupler overlaid by e-beam lithography, and the application of an intermetal dielectric layer with metalized vias and metal electrical contacts. Current–voltage and capacitance–voltage characteristics verify the electrical integrity of the structure.
Processing visual information in elite junior soccer players: Effects of chronological age and training experience on visual perception, attention, and decision making
Authors: Klatt Stefanie , Smeeton Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTProcessing information in peripheral vision is an important perceptual‐cognitive skill in team sports. The relative contribution of various perceptual‐cognitive skills to expertise in sports throughout adolescence has not been investigated in detail yet. The current study examined the effects of chronological age and training experience on perception, attention, and decision making in young soccer players. Sixty‐five elite youth players were required to judge different game situations in a decision‐making task involving both perceptual (object detection) and attentional (postural feature recognition) skills to perceive player configurations in the visual periphery. In general, performance decreased in the decision‐making and feature‐recognition tasks with increasing use of peripheral visual field, but not in the object‐detection task. Superior performances were found for under 18‐years‐old players compared to under 16‐years‐old players especially in their attentional skills. Higher training experience affected decision‐making and attentional performance. Overall, the findings provide insights and implications for training perceptual‐cognitive skills in team sportsHighlights
Elite youth soccer players' performance decreased in a soccer‐specific decision‐making and feature‐recognition tasks with increasing use of peripheral visual field, but not in an object‐detection task.
Superior performances were found for under 18 years old players compared to under 16 years old players especially in their attentional skills.
Both chronological age and training experience influenced the recognition of postural feature in peripheral vision, whereas player detection was unaffected.
The ability to recognize postural features in peripheral vision is an important characteristic of decision making in sports and requires a mature visual system, sufficient attentional capacity, and may be developed through extended task‐specific practice.
Extracellular matrix biomimetic polymeric membranes enriched with silver nanoparticles for wound healing
Authors: Stefan Laura Mihaela , Iosageanu Andreea , Ilie Daniela , Stanciuc Ana-Maria , Matei Cristian , Berger Daniela , Craciunescu Oana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Severe skin injuries, including burns, represent a real concern for the global health-care system and therefore, there is an increased interest in developing wound dressings, in order to stimulate and enhance skin tissue repair. The aim of this study was to design novel hybrid materials, biomimetic to skin extracellular matrix and enriched with silver nanoparticles (nAg), in order to provide both dermal tissue regeneration and antimicrobial activity. Two material variants (variant A and variant B) consisting of type I collagen (COL), chondroitin sulfate (CS) and k-elastin peptides (EL) enriched with positively-charged nAg, were conditioned as membranes. UV exposure ensured both sterilisation and cross-linking of the materials. Physico-chemical characterization of the hybrid biomaterials showed values of density and swelling degree higher than those of COL membrane, while the process of in vitro degradation followed a similar pattern. Infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction indicated alterations of the characteristic structural features and crystallinity of COL after blending with CS and EL and nAg embedding. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed different surface morphologies of the hybrid membranes, according to their composition. In vitro studies on L929 fibroblasts and HaCaT keratinocytes showed that both hybrid membranes exhibited good cytocompatibility and promoted higher cell proliferation compared to COL sample, as evaluated by MTT and Live/Dead assays. The presence of actin filaments highlighted by fluorescent labelling confirmed the fibroblast and keratinocyte adhesion onto the surface of hybrid membranes. Most importantly, both materials showed an increased wound healing ability in an in vitro scratch assay model, stimulating cell migration at 24 h post-seeding. In addition, good antimicrobial activity was recorded, especially against Gram-positive bacterial strain. Altogether, our findings recommend COL-CS-EL-nAg hybrid membranes as good candidates for wound healing acceleration and bioengineering of skin tissue.
Therapeutic Potential of a Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel to Treat Colonic Injuries Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Araki Toshihiro , Mitsuyama Keiichi , Yamasaki Hiroshi , Morita Masaru , Tsuruta Kozo , Mori Atsushi , Yoshimura Tetsuhiro , Fukunaga Shuhei , Kuwaki Kotaro , Yoshioka Shinichiro , Takedatsu Hidetoshi , Kakuma Tatsuyuki , Akiba Jun , Torimura Takuji 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
The Self-assembling Peptide Hydrogel [SAPH, PuraMatrix], a fully synthetic peptide solution designed to replace collagen, has recently been used to promote mucosal regeneration in iatrogenic ulcers following endoscopic submucosal dissection. Herein, we evaluated its utility in ulcer repair using a rat model of topical trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid [TNBS]-induced colonic injuries.

Methods
Colonic injuries were generated in 7-week-old rats by injecting an ethanol solution [35%, 0.2 mL] containing 0.15 M TNBS into the colonic lumen. At 2 and 4 days post-injury, the rats were subjected to endoscopy, and SAPH [or vehicle] was topically applied to the ulcerative lesion. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry [TOF-SIMS] was used to detect SAPH. Colonic expression of cytokines and wound healing-related factors were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemistry.

Results
SAPH treatment significantly reduced ulcer length [p = 0.0014] and area [p = 0.045], while decreasing colonic weight [p = 0.0375] and histological score [p = 0.0005] 7 days after injury. SAPH treatment also decreased colonic expression of interleukin [IL]-1α [p = 0.0233] and IL-6[p = 0.0343] and increased that of claudin-1 [p = 0.0486] and villin [p = 0.0183], and β-catenin staining [p = 0.0237]. TOF-SIMS revealed lesional retention of SAPH on day 7 post-injury. Furthermore, SAPH significantly promoted healing in in vivo mechanical intestinal wound models.

Conclusions
SAPH application effectively suppressed colonic injury, downregulated inflammatory cytokine expression, and upregulated wound healing-related factor expression in the rat model; thus, it may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for IBD-related colonic ulcers.