bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited condylar mobility by ultrasonography predicts difficult direct laryngoscopy in morbidly obese patients
Authors: Bindu Harika M , Dogra Neeti , Makkar Jeetinder K , Bhatia Nidhi , Meena Shyam , Gupta Rajesh 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
Unpredictable difficult laryngoscopy remains a challenge for anaesthesiologists, especially in morbidly obese patients. The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of different sonographic measures as predictors of difficult laryngoscopy in morbidly obese patients undergoing elective surgery.

Methods:
This observational study evaluated 70 morbidly obese adult patients (body mass index >35 kg/m2) undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation. Pre-operative clinical and ultrasonographic variables (anterior condylar translation, tongue thickness, hyomental distance and oral cavity height) associated with difficult direct laryngoscopy ([Cormack Lehane (CL) grade>2]) were analysed. The primary outcome was to determine the efficacy of the above-mentioned sonographic measures as predictors of difficult laryngoscopy (CL grade >2). The secondary outcome compared ultrasonographic predictors with clinical predictors in morbidly obese patients for determining difficult direct laryngoscopy.

Results:
Amongst the primary outcome measures, limited condylar mobility (anterior condylar translation <9.25 mm) [odds ratio (OR) 0.3, confidence interval (CI):1.04-1.22;P<0.001;area under curve (AUC):0.8] and increased tongue thickness >5.85 cm [OR: 3.2, CI: 1.05–10; P < 0.04; AUC:0.73] were two independent sonographic predictors for difficult direct laryngoscopy by multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses in morbidly obese patients. The secondary outcome suggested that as compared to clinical predictors such as Mallampati grade and thyromental distance, ultrasonographic variables such as tongue thickness and limited condylar mobility (sensitivity: 56.4%, 70.9%, 66.7% and 93.3%, respectively) better predicted difficult direct laryngoscopy in morbidly obese patients.

Conclusion:
Limited condylar mobility and increased tongue thickness are independent sonographic predictors of difficult direct laryngoscopy in morbidly obese patients.
Prospective analysis of goal-directed fluid therapy vs conventional fluid therapy in perioperative outcome of composite resections of head and neck malignancy with free tissue transfer
Authors: Gupta Pushplata , Chaudhari Soumi H. , Nagar Vaibhav , Jain Deepshikha , Bansal Anita , Dutt Akanksha 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim:
Head and neck cancer surgeries with free tissue transfer are complex procedures, and fluid management can grossly affect the microvascular anastomosis. We hypothesise that intra-operative goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) is the key to administer fluid individualised to a patient’s requirement. The aim of this study was to observe the role of GDFT in perioperative flap outcome and length of hospital stay.

Methods:
A randomised prospective controlled study was performed in 106 patients undergoing composite resection of head and neck cancer with free tissue transfer. Patients in Group A received GDFT based on stroke volume variation whereas Group B received conventional fluid therapy intra-operatively. The endpoints of this study were total perioperative fluid, fluid boluses, vasopressor requirement, flap outcome and length of intensive care unit and hospital stay. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test.

Results:
The total intra-operative fluid given to both the groups was comparable but patients in Group A received more boluses and vasopressors compared to Group B during intra-operative period. The amount of fluid given in the first 24 hours post-operatively was significantly less in Group A (1807 + 476 ml) compared to Group B (2205 + 382 ml). Incidence of hypotension with tachycardia was observed in three patients in Group B and none in Group A. Poor flap outcome was observed in one patient in Group A versus four in Group B due to thrombosis.

Conclusion:
GDFT helps in early detection of fluid deficit and may avoid complications arising due to inadequate microvascular perfusion during the peri-operative period.
Comparison of norepinephrine and phenylephrine infusions for maintenance of haemodynamics following subarachnoid block in lower segment caeserean section
Authors: Goel Kanika , Luthra Neeru , Goyal Namrata , Grewal Anju , Taneja Ashima 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
Phenylephrine is the vasopressor of choice in spinal anaesthesia–induced maternal hypotension. However, it results in reflex bradycardia and decrease in cardiac output (CO), an effect that is perhaps less evident with the use of norepinephrine. We sought to evaluate the effect of phenylephrine and norepinephrine infusion on maternal systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), intraoperative nausea vomiting (IONV) and fatal Apgar scores.

Methods:
A randomised double-blind study was conducted on 200 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) II–III parturients undergoing caesarean section under subarachnoid block (SAB) who were randomised to two groups A and B to receive variable rate, manually controlled infusions of phenylephrine and norepinephrine targeting maintenance of SBP to 100% of the baseline value. Maternal haemodynamics especially episodes of hypotension, IONV and vasopressor consumption were observed and recorded.

Results:
A statistically significant trend of lower SBP was observed during the first 6 min following intrathecal injection in group A (P value – 0.000). Though a greater number of parturients experienced ≥1 episode of hypotension in Group A vs Group B (13% vs 9%), the difference was, however, statistically insignificant. The incidence of bradycardia was higher in group A than in group B (16% vs 1%) and was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). The episodes of hypertension, IONV, maternal vasopressor consumption and neonatal Apgar score were comparable among both the groups.

Conclusion:
A dilute solution of norepinephrine infusion is comparably efficacious to the current gold standard vasopressor phenylephrine in maintaining blood pressure following spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery, with a significantly lower incidence of bradycardia.
Videolaryngoscopic versus direct laryngoscopic paraglossal intubation for cleft lip/palate reconstructive surgeries
Authors: Ray Ananya , Sen Indu Mohini , Bhardwaj Neerja , Yaddanapudi Sandhya , Mathews Preethy 
Published: September 2021

Background and Aims:
In the cleft lip and palate, the laryngoscope blade often tends to lodge inside midline clefts, causing reduced manoeuvrability and tissue trauma. The paraglossal technique avoids the midline and offers better Cormack Lehane (CL) grades. We aimed to assess the first-pass intubation rate in performing the left paraglossal laryngoscopy with a curved-blade videolaryngoscope (VLS) versus direct laryngoscope (DLS) in children with cleft palate and evaluate the time taken for successful endotracheal intubation (TTI) and Intubation Difficulty Score (IDS) with both devices.

Methods:
This randomised controlled trial included 60 patients with cleft palate, between 3 months and 6 years. Patients were randomised into group V (VLS) (n = 30) and group D (DLS) (n = 30). Left paraglossal laryngoscopy was done with VLS or DLS, and the first-pass intubation, TTI, CL grade and IDS were recorded.

Results:
First-pass intubation (primary outcome) was successful in all cases in group V and in 29 (96%) cases in group D (P = 0.923). Amongst the secondary outcomes, the IDS of the majority in both groups was 1–4 (slight difficulty) (P = 0.98) and the mean TTI In group D was 34.6 s (SD = 19.0) (95% CI: 27.5–41.7) versus 39.8 s (SD = 5.2) (95% CI: 37.8–41.7) in group V (P = 0.151).

Conclusions:
There was no significant difference in the use of a VLS over a DLS in performing the left paraglossal laryngoscopy in terms of first-pass intubation rate, CL Grade, IDS and TTI. Further studies with different VLS may be done to improve the ease of this technique.
Chronic grief experiences of nurses caring for the end-stage cancer patients: A mixed-method research
Authors: Paul Nidhina , Pinto Cleeta Anline , Paul Netthu 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Caring patients with terminal illness is one of the most challenging and difficult experiences encountered by nurses. Though they face immense grief while preparing these patients and their families to accept the illness, the grief experienced by the nurse is reported to be an insignificant entity due to their professional role and commitment to duty. On the other hand, ignoring this caring relationship can foster emotional burden and physical exhaustion among nurses leading to ineffective quality care. The present study aimed to capture the chronic grief experiences and the coping strategies of nurses caring for patients with advanced cancers.

Methods:
A sequential explanatory mixed-method design was adopted for the study. From September 2016 till March 2017, 50 nurses from three oncology care hospitals in Mangalore were selected using purposive sampling (homogeneous sampling). Modified grief experience inventory followed with in-depth interviews with the oncology nurses to identify their grief, work-related challenges, bereavement, and coping strategies was carried out. Quantitative analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16. Interviews were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method of qualitative analysis, and a meta-matrix was developed to merge the results.

Results:
The mean numbers of nurses who experienced moderate level of grief are 83.24 (standard deviation: ± 17.4, range: 51-125). Six themes emerged from the interviews were grief over circumstances, sense of powerlessness, physical and emotional exhaustion, engaging in self-controlling behaviors, self-nurturance, and compassion satisfaction.

Conclusion:
Nurses face unique challenges while caring for patients with end-stage cancer, but timely debriefing strategies could be further explored to improve these experiences and improve nurse’s efficiency in providing quality care to these patients.
APLIKASI PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS UNTUK MENGETAHUI DAYA BELI KENDARAAN BERMOTOR MASYARAKAT INDONESIA
Authors: Sari Kartika Rahayu Tri Prasetyo , Prasetya Widagdo Dwi Nugrahadi , Indrawati Elsanda Merita 
Published: September 2021

Informasi yang tersedia untuk digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan semakin banyak pada masa sekarang dan akan terus bertambah seiring dengan berjalannya waktu. Disinilah peran statistika multivariat bekerja dan membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan. Analisis statistik multivariat merupakan metode statistik yang memungkinkan dalam meneliti lebih dari dua variabel secara bersamaan.Pada penelitian ini akan diteliti pengaruh beberapa variabel seperti harga indeks saham gabungan, nilai tukar rupiah, harga tambang logam emas dan tembaga dan variabel lainnya terhadap pertumbuhan daya beli masyarakat Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah principal component Analysis (PCA) yang mampu merepresentasikan variabel-variabel yang dianalisis dan diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatan daya beli masyarakat Indonesia dengan indikator peningkatan tersebut berupa peningkatan penggunaan kendaran bermotor. Dari hasil Principal Component Analysis variabel kurs memberi pengaruh negative yang tinggi, variabel indeks saham gabungan, nilai tukar rupiah, harga tambang logam emas dan tembaga dan harga tiket pesawat memberi pengaruh positif. Hasil PCA yang dibentuk dapat digunakan untuk mewakili data dalam mengetahui daya beli masyarakat terhadap mobil dan motor.
Estudio de la correlación de la variable imagen pública midiendo la percepción de ventaja competitiva en directores de micro y pequeñas empresas de Bácum y San Ignacio Río Muerto, Sonora
Authors: Arvayo Castro Rocio , Islas Cruz Mayra Gisela , Barreras Ye Guadalupe , Bórquez López Alejandra Paola 
Published: September 2021

La intención del presente estudio es analizar la medida en que las empresas de la región sur de Sonora, específicamente las micro y pequeñas empresas, consideran relevante los aspectos de imagen como parte de su ventaja competitiva para desatacar en el ámbito comercial y de servicios. Se emplea un instrumento tipo cuestionario compuesto por una sección sociodemográfica del director, otra sección de la empresa, una sección de análisis sistémico y dos secciones que abordan la mype 4.0 y una cédula de observación de la imagen pública de la empresa. (Peña, Posada & Aguilar, 2020). La cédula de observación consta de seis reactivos que abordan la imagen pública de la mype según la percibe el encuestador, son de tipo Likert con opciones de respuesta. La aportación principal de este documento al campo: proponer evidencia de la correlación de la variable imagen, con la percepción de ventaja competitiva de los dueños de las micro y pequeñas empresas.
AbstractThe intention of this study is to analyze the extent that enterprises in the southern region of Sonora; specifically, micro and small enterprises which consider aspects of corporate image relevant, as part of their competitive advantage to stand out in commerce and service sectors. A questionnaire type instrument was used which consisted of a sociodemographic section of the director, another section focusing on the company, a section which consisted of a systematic analysis and two sections that addressed MSE 4.0 as well as a public corporate image observation card of the company (Peña, Posada & Aguilar, 2020). The latter mentioned consists of six Likert type questions that addressed an MSE’s public corporate image perceived by the interviewee with answer options. This document’s main contribution to this field is to set forth evidence of the correlation between the corporate image variable and the perception of competitive advantage micro and small enterprise owners have.
Repercusión de la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito de la gestión del talento humano en las organizaciones
Authors: Villasano Jain María Luisa , Cuellar Hernández Héctor , Reyes Rizo Rosa Alejandra , Roesner García Helga Elena 
Published: September 2021

El presente estudio se realizó en una empresa de giro industrial en el municipio de Atotonilco El Alto, Jalisco y tiene como objetivo analizar los efectos laborales en el recurso humano, por el uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) (robótica y los sistemas de información) en una organización de giro industrial. Se fundamenta en el método cuantitativo, se aspira exponer la situación a partir de la medición y cuantificación de las realidades humanas; es una investigación no experimental. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron para la recolección de datos fueron cuestionario y entrevista, en donde se profundizó en las técnicas de IA. Una de las principales conclusiones a las que se llega es que la incorporación de la IA en la organización desencadena en los colaboradores cierto nivel de estrés por temor al remplazo.
AbstractThis research was performed in a company which commercial activities are carried out in the industrial sector in the municipality of Atotonilco El Alto Jalisco and aims to analyze the effects artificial intelligence (AI) (robotic and systems information) has in workforce collaborators in industrial organizations. Based on a quantitative method, this research aspires to set forth the situation through the measurement and quantification of human reality; this is a non-experimental investigation. The instrument used for data recollection consisted of a questionnaire developed with AI techniques. One of the main conclusions reached was, when AI was incorporated in an organization, stress due to the fear of being replaced was triggered.
LA PARTICIPACIÓN EN LOS ÓRGANOS COLEGIADOS EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN EN RED
Authors: CERRILLO I MARTÍNEZ AGUSTÍ 
Published: September 2021

En las sociedades pluralistas, diversas y complejas, como la actual,
se extiende el uso del modelo de administración en red para describir las relaciones
entre las administraciones públicas y los ciudadanos. En el marco de este
modelo, el presente artículo propone avanzar en el concepto de órgano colegiado
al definirlo como el nodo donde se formaliza la interacción entre los actores de la
red cuya concurrencia es necesaria para la efectiva articulación del interés general.
El órgano colegiado, incorporando los rasgos de la administración en red, se
caracteriza por su carácter plural, la interacción que se produce en su seno y la interdependencia
entre sus miembros. Estas características tienen su impacto en el
procedimiento para la toma de decisiones y en las funciones que desarrollará el
órgano colegiado.
Gaur egungoaren tankerako gizarte pluralista, anitz eta konplexuetan,
sareko administrazio-eredua gero eta gehiago erabiltzen da administrazio
publikoen eta herritarren arteko harremanak deskribatzeko. Eredu horri loturik, artikulu
honek kide anitzeko organoaren kontzeptua mamitzen jarraitzea proposatzen
du, eta sareko eragileen arteko elkarrekintza formalizatzeko modu gisa definitzen
du. Artikuluaren arabera, elkarrekintza hori beharrezkoa da interes orokorra behar
bezala egituratzeko. Kide anitzeko organoak sareko administrazioaren alderdiak
biltzen ditu, eta, besteak beste, organo anitza izatea, bere baitan gertatzen den elkarrekintza
eta kideen arteko mendetasuna ditu ezaugarri nagusi. Ezaugarriok erabakiak
hartzeko prozeduran eragiten dute, baita kide anitzeko organoak beteko dituen
funtzioetan ere.
In pluralist societies, diverse and complex, like present day one,
the use of a network administration model to describe the relationships between
public administrations and citizens is extending. In the frame of this model,
this article proposes to make progress in the concept of collegiate body to be
defined as the node which formalizes the interaction between network actors
whose concurrence is necessary for the effective articulation of general interest.
The collegiate body, which includes the features of network administration, is
characterized by its plural character, the interactions that occur within it, and
interdependence among its members. These characteristics have its impact in the
collective body¿s decision-making procedure and in its functions.
EL NEOCONSTITUCIONALISMO ANDINO: ¿UNA SUPERACIÓN DE LA CONTRADICCIÓN ENTRE DEMOCRACIA Y JUSTICIA CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: NOGUERA FERNÁNDEZ ALBERT 
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo hace un análisis sobre cómo, ya desde sus orígenes,
la justicia constitucional ha presentado siempre un carácter antimayoritario
en abierta contradicción con la noción teórico-ideal de democracia. Planteados los
motivos de esta contradicción, el artículo hace referencia cómo, durante las últimas
décadas, las nuevas constituciones surgidas en América Latina fruto de los
procesos de cambio político que se han producido, especialmente en la zona andina
del continente, han incorporado novedosos mecanismos de democratización
de la sociedad y el Estado, entre ellos, mecanismos de democratización de la justicia
constitucional que permiten empezar disminuir la vieja contradicción señalada.
Azterlan honek dioenaren arabera, justizia konstituzionalak hasiera-
hasieratik gehiengodunen kontrako izaera izan du, demokraziaren nozio teoriko
eta idealek bestelakorik pentsaraz badezakete ere. Kontraesan horren arrazoiak
adierazi ostean, artikuluak azaltzen du aldaketa politikoen ondorioz azkeneko
hamarkadetan Latinoamerikan sortutako konstituzio berriek gizartea eta estatua
demokratizatzeko sistema berriak txertatu dituztela, batez ere Andeetako herrialdeetan;
esaterako, justizia konstituzionala demokratizatzeko mekanismoak, adierazitako
kontraesan hori murrizten hasteko aukera ematen dutenak.
This present work analyzes how from their inception the constitutional
justice has always shown a antimajority character in clear opposition to
the ideal-theoric notion of democracy. Once explained the reasons for this contradiction,
the article mentions how during the last decade, the new constitutions
drafted in Latinamerica which were product of the political change process, especially
in the Andean area of the continent, did incorporate innovative mechanisms
of democratization of the constitutional justice which make possible start to diminish
the aforementioned old contradiction.
Worry and concerns of pregnant women about the outbreak of Covid-19 being followed-up/monitored by a pandemic hospital in Turkey: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: YILDIZ KARAAHMET Aysu , TANRIVERDİ Fatma Şule 
Published: September 2021

Introductions: The global epidemic of Covid-19, which is currently affecting the world, with more than one million infected, is a serious problem that causes anxiety and fear among pregnant women. This study aimed to examine the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak on the prevalence of fear and anxiety the corresponding risk factors among pregnant women across Turkey.
Material and Methods:: Cross-sectional study was done in between April 29 to May 12 to identify mental health concerns in pregnancy to Covid-19. STROBE was used in the planning, implementation, and reporting of the study design. Descriptive statistics including frequency, the percentage for nominal variables, and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables were calculated. The level of anxiety was analyzed post hoc test. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used.
Results: A total of 106 valid questionnaires were collected between the dates specified in the pandemic hospital. About 57.3% of pregnant women were concerned about becoming infected during the Covid-19 outbreak, and 89.6% requested online counseling. 28.3% of the participants requested to reduce their appointments. The topic that pregnant women needed the most counseling on was the protection for their baby and themself from infection against the Covid-19 outbreak. The average state anxiety point of pregnant women was 57.11 ± 8.11 and the mean of trait anxiety was 57.52 ± 7.38.
Conclusions: Mother and childcare institutions should understand the demands of pregnant women, optimizing the tools of antenatal care service, and providing special and accessible health education and service for the safety of the mother and child.
La prensa y la opinión pública
Authors: Kracauer Siegfried , Aladro Vico Eva 
Published: September 2021

En 1910, en una alocución dirigida a los asistentes al Ier Congreso de la Asociación Alemana de Sociología celebrado en Frankfurt, Max Weber (1864-1920) instó a los académicos germanos a promover investigaciones sobre la condición de la prensa y el ejercicio del periodismo desde un punto de vista sociológico objetivo. Veinte años después de la reflexión weberiana, se edita la obra “La prensa y la opinión pública” de Siegfried Kracauer (1889-1966) publicada en el Frankfurt Zeitung, que presentamos fragmentariamente en este número. Es un ensayo crítico del gran ensayista y experto en la comunicación social, colmado de matices sobre el estudio de uno de los grandes dispositivos de conformación de la sociedad de masas, la prensa. Kracauer se enfrenta al formalismo sociológico que sobrevuela el planteamiento de los primeros estudios sobre la prensa. El autor alienta un análisis empírico sobre los nacientes procesos de manipulación de la opinión pública, y de la banalización de la comunicación que afloran en el horizonte de aquella época.