bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial Moderators and Mediators of Sensorimotor Exercise in Low Back Pain: A Randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial
Authors: Wippert Pia-Maria , Niederer Daniel , Drießlein David , Beck Heidrun , Banzer Winfried , Schneider Christian , Schiltenwolf Marcus , Mayer Frank 
Published: July 2021

The effects of exercise interventions on unspecific chronic low back pain (CLBP) have been investigated in many studies, but the results are inconclusive regarding exercise types, efficiency, and sustainability. This may be because the influence of psychosocial factors on exercise induced adaptation regarding CLBP is neglected. Therefore, this study assessed psychosocial characteristics, which moderate and mediate the effects of sensorimotor exercise on LBP. A single-blind 3-arm multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted for 12-weeks. Three exercise groups, sensorimotor exercise (SMT), sensorimotor and behavioral training (SMT-BT), and regular routines (CG) were randomly assigned to 662 volunteers. Primary outcomes (pain intensity and disability) and psychosocial characteristics were assessed at baseline (M1) and follow-up (3/6/12/24 weeks, M2-M5). Multiple regression models were used to analyze whether psychosocial characteristics are moderators of the relationship between exercise and pain, meaning that psychosocial factors and exercise interact. Causal mediation analysis were conducted to analyze, whether psychosocial characteristics mediate the exercise effect on pain. A total of 453 participants with intermittent pain (mean age = 39.5 ± 12.2 years, f = 62%) completed the training. It was shown, that depressive symptomatology (at M4, M5), vital exhaustion (at M4), and perceived social support (at M5) are significant moderators of the relationship between exercise and the reduction of pain intensity. Further depressive mood (at M4), social-satisfaction (at M4), and anxiety (at M5 SMT) significantly moderate the exercise effect on pain disability. The amount of moderation was of clinical relevance. In contrast, there were no psychosocial variables which mediated exercise effects on pain. In conclusion it was shown, that psychosocial variables can be moderators in the relationship between sensorimotor exercise induced adaptation on CLBP which may explain conflicting results in the past regarding the merit of exercise interventions in CLBP. Results suggest further an early identification of psychosocial risk factors by diagnostic tools, which may essential support the planning of personalized exercise therapy.Level of Evidence: Level I.Clinical Trial Registration: DRKS00004977, LOE: I, MiSpEx: grant-number: 080102A/11-14. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&amp;TRIAL_ID=DRKS00004977.
Between Action and Emotional Survival During the COVID-19 era: Sensorimotor Pathways as Control Systems of Transdiagnostic Anxiety-Related Intolerance to Uncertainty
Authors: Goldstein Ferber Sari , Shoval Gal , Zalsman Gil , Mikulincer Mario , Weller Aron 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and aligned social and physical distancing regulations increase the sense of uncertainty, intensifying the risk for psychopathology globally. Anxiety disorders are associated with intolerance to uncertainty. In this review we describe brain circuits and sensorimotor pathways involved in human reactions to uncertainty. We present the healthy mode of coping with uncertainty and discuss deviations from this mode.Methods: Literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar.Results: As manifestation of anxiety disorders includes peripheral reactions and negative cognitions, we suggest an integrative model of threat cognitions modulated by sensorimotor regions: “The Sensorimotor-Cognitive-Integration-Circuit.” The model emphasizes autonomic nervous system coupling with the cortex, addressing peripheral anxious reactions to uncertainty, pathways connecting cortical regions and cost-reward evaluation circuits to sensorimotor regions, filtered by the amygdala and basal ganglia. Of special interest are the ascending and descending tracts for sensory-motor crosstalk in healthy and pathological conditions. We include arguments regarding uncertainty in anxiety reactions to the pandemic and derive from our model treatment suggestions which are supported by scientific evidence. Our model is based on systematic control theories and emphasizes the role of goal conflict regulation in health and pathology. We also address anxiety reactions as a spectrum ranging from healthy to pathological coping with uncertainty, and present this spectrum as a transdiagnostic entity in accordance with recent claims and models.Conclusions: The human need for controllability and predictability suggests that anxiety disorders reactive to the pandemic's uncertainties reflect pathological disorganization of top-down bottom-up signaling and neural noise resulting from non-pathological human needs for coherence in life.
Twenty-Four-Hour Heart Rate Is a Trait but Not State Marker for Depression in a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial With a Single Infusion of Ketamine
Authors: Schiweck Carmen , Lutin Erika , De Raedt Walter , Cools Olivia , Coppens Violette , Morrens Manuel , Van Hoof Chris , Vrieze Elske , Claes Stephan 
Published: July 2021

Background: Abnormalities of heart rate (HR) and its variability are characteristic of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, circadian rhythm is rarely taken into account when statistically exploring state or trait markers for depression.Methods: A 4-day electrocardiogram was recorded for 16 treatment-resistant patients with MDD and 16 age- and sex-matched controls before, and for the patient group only, after a single treatment with the rapid-acting antidepressant ketamine or placebo (clinical trial registration available on https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ with EUDRACT number 2016-001715-21). Circadian rhythm differences of HR and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) were compared between groups and were explored for classification purposes. Baseline HR/RMSSD were tested as predictors for treatment response, and physiological measures were assessed as state markers.Results: Patients showed higher HR and lower RMSSD alongside marked reductions in HR amplitude and RMSSD variation throughout the day. Excellent classification accuracy was achieved using HR during the night, particularly between 2 and 3 a.m. (90.6%). A positive association between baseline HR and treatment response (r = 0.55, p = 0.046) pointed toward better treatment outcome in patients with higher HR. Heart rate also decreased significantly following treatment but was not associated with improved mood after a single infusion of ketamine.Limitations: Our study had a limited sample size, and patients were treated with concomitant antidepressant medication.Conclusion: Patients with depression show a markedly reduced amplitude for HR and dysregulated RMSSD fluctuation. Higher HR and lower RMSSD in depression remain intact throughout a 24-h day, with the highest classification accuracy during the night. Baseline HR levels show potential for treatment response prediction but did not show potential as state markers in this study.Clinical trial registration: EUDRACT number 2016-001715-21.
How Transportation Restriction Shapes the Relationship Between Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide and COVID-19 Transmissibility: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Han Lefei , Zhao Shi , Cao Peihua , Chong Marc K. C. , Wang Jingxuan , He Daihai , Deng Xiaobei , Ran Jinjun 
Published: July 2021

Background: Several recent studies reported a positive (statistical) association between ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and COVID-19 transmissibility. However, considering the intensive transportation restriction due to lockdown measures that would lead to declines in both ambient NO2 concentration and COVID-19 spread, the crude or insufficiently adjusted associations between NO2 and COVID-19 transmissibility might be confounded. This study aimed to investigate whether transportation restriction confounded, mediated, or modified the association between ambient NO2 and COVID-19 transmissibility.Methods: The time-varying reproduction number (Rt) was calculated to quantify the instantaneous COVID-19 transmissibility in 31 Chinese cities from January 1, 2020, to February 29, 2020. For each city, we evaluated the relationships between ambient NO2, transportation restriction, and COVID-19 transmission under three scenarios, including simple linear regression, mediation analysis, and adjusting transportation restriction as a confounder. The statistical significance (p-value &lt; 0.05) of the three scenarios in 31 cities was summarized.Results: We repeated the crude correlational analysis, and also found the significantly positive association between NO2 and COVID-19 transmissibility. We found that little evidence supported NO2 as a mediator between transportation restriction and COVID-19 transmissibility. The association between NO2 and COVID-19 transmissibility appears less likely after adjusting the effects of transportation restriction.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the crude association between NO2 and COVID-19 transmissibility is likely confounded by the transportation restriction in the early COVID-19 outbreak. After adjusting the confounders, the association between NO2 and COVID-19 transmissibility appears unlikely. Further studies are warranted to validate the findings in other regions.
International Neurotrauma Training Based on North-South Collaborations: Results of an Inter-institutional Program in the Era of Global Neurosurgery
Authors: Rubiano Andrés M. , Griswold Dylan P. , Adelson P. David , Echeverri Raul A. , Khan Ahsan A. , Morales Santiago , Sánchez Diana M. , Amorim Robson , Soto Alvaro R. , Paiva Wellingson , Paranhos Jorge , Carreño José N. , Monteiro Ruy , Kolias Angelos , Hutchinson Peter J. 
Published: July 2021

Objective: Shortage of general neurosurgery and specialized neurotrauma care in low resource settings is a critical setback in the national surgical plans of low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Neurotrauma fellowship programs typically exist in high-income countries (HIC), where surgeons who fulfill the requirements for positions regularly stay to practice. Due to this issue, neurosurgery residents and medical students from LMICs do not have regular access to this kind of specialized training and knowledge-hubs. The objective of this paper is to present the results of a recently established neurotrauma fellowship program for neurosurgeons of LMICs in the framework of global neurosurgery collaborations, including the involvement of specialized parallel education for neurosurgery residents and medical students.Methods: The Global Neurotrauma Fellowship (GNTF) program was inaugurated in 2015 by a multi-institutional collaboration between a HIC and an LMIC. The course organizers designed it to be a 12-month program based on adapted neurotrauma international competencies with the academic support of the Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital and Meditech Foundation in Colombia. Since 2018, additional support from the UK, National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research in Neurotrauma Project from the University of Cambridge enhanced the infrastructure of the program, adding a research component in global neurosurgery and system science.Results: Eight fellows from Brazil, Venezuela, Cuba, Pakistan, and Colombia have been trained and certified via the fellowship program. The integration of international competencies and exposure to different systems of care in high-income and low-income environments creates a unique environment for training within a global neurosurgery framework. Additionally, 18 residents (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Cuba, Germany, Spain, and the USA), and ten medical students (the United Kingdom, USA, Australia, and Colombia) have also participated in elective rotations of neurotrauma and critical care during the time of the fellowship program, as well as in research projects as part of an established global surgery initiative.Conclusion: We have shown that it is possible to establish a neurotrauma fellowship program in an LMIC based on the structure of HIC formal training programs. Adaptation of the international competencies focusing on neurotrauma care in low resource settings and maintaining international mentoring and academic support will allow the participants to return to practice in their home-based countries.
Prostate Cancer Characteristics in Renal Transplant Recipients: A 25-Year Experience From a Single Centre
Authors: Spatafora Pietro , Sessa Francesco , Caroassai Grisanti Simone , Bisegna Claudio , Saieva Calogero , Roviello Giandomenico , Polverino Paolo , Rivetti Anna , Verdelli Lorenzo , Zanazzi Maria , Beatrice Detti , Vignolini Graziano , Nesi Gabriella , Nicita Giulio , Serni Sergio , Villari Donata 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The incidence of prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) is increasing, but few data are available in the literature. In this study, we reviewed the 25-year experience in the management of prostate cancer after kidney transplantation at the Florence Transplant Centre.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data from 617 RTR male patients who underwent renal transplantation at our institute between July 1996 and September 2016. Data regarding demographics, renal transplantation, prostate cancer and immunosuppressive treatment were analyzed. The probability of death was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences between patients' groups were assessed by the log-rank test.Results: From July 1991 to September 2016, 617 kidney transplantations of male patients were performed at our institute. Among these, 20 patients were subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer accounting for a cumulative incidence of 3.24%. After a median follow-up of 59 months, 10 patients underwent radical prostatectomy whereas 10 patients underwent primary radiotherapy. A biochemical recurrence was identified in five (25%) patients while a fatal event occurred in 11 (55%) patients. Univariate Cox regression showed that the basal value of PSA &gt;10 ng/ml was the only significant factor negatively affecting the survival of patients.Conclusions: Standard treatments can be proposed to RTR with satisfactory results on both post-operative and oncological outcomes. Further studies are needed to address the issue of prostate cancer screening based on PSA levels and the optimal management of prostate cancer in RTRs.
Permainan Kartu Gambar Untuk Meningkatkan Keberhasilan Membaca pada Siswa SDN 32 Sungai Jaring
Authors: Nurhasnah Nurhasnah 
Published: July 2021

Pendidikan adalah usaha dasar dan terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar peserta didik secara aktif mengembangkan potensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, kepribadian, kecerdasan, akhlak mulia, serta ketrampilan yang diperlukan dirinya, masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana penggunaan permainan kartu bergambar (flashcard) pada siswa kelas 1 SD Negeri 32 Sungai Jaring Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019 dan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca Permulaan Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas I SD. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus dengan 3 kali pertemuan tiap siklusnya dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 10 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, penggunaan media gambar dalam pembelajaran dapat mengatasi kesulitan belajar membaca permulaan pada siswa kelas I SD Negeri 32 Sungai Jaring dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran yang sebelum menggunakan media gambar. Pada pra tindakan persentase ketuntasan siswa baru mencapai 30 %, setelah dilaksanakan tindakan pada siklus I persentase ketuntasan siswa meningkat menjadi 60 %, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 90%.
ANALISIS PERILAKU ATLET PAB FORKI DIY DALAM MENDUKUNG PERFORMANCE LATIHAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Widha Srianto  , Untung Nugroho  
Published: July 2021

WIDHA SRIANTO: Analisis perilaku Atlet PAB Forki DIY dalam mendukung performance latihan selama pandemi covid-19. Penelitian Mandiri. Surakarta: Universitas Tunas Pembangunan, 2020.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analisis dengan metode survey, sebagai prosedur pemecahan masalah yang diselidiki dengan menggambarkan/ melukiskan keadaan subyek/ obyek penelitian. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet PAB Forki DIY, sample penelitian menggunakan total sampling berjumlah 15 atlet. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kuesioner, dengan melakukan tiga langkah penyusunan instrument, ketiga langkah tersebut adalah mendefisinikan konstrak, menyidik faktor, dan menyusun butir-butir pernyataan. Tahap selanjutnya adalah melakukan uji ahli (Expert Judgement), dan selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba penelitian, uji validitas dan reliabilitas instrument.
Hasil penelitian yaitu: 1) Indikator perilaku hubungan sosial didapatkan hasil persentase 74,67%. 2) Indikator perilaku ekspresif didapatkan hasil persentase 73,33%. 3) Indikator perilaku peran didapatkan hasil persentase 64,17%
Fenótipo de cintura hipertrigliceridêmica e lesão renal em pacientes hipertensos
Authors: Ribeiro e Silva Medeiros Thaynara Helena , Moutinho Monteiro Sally Cristina , De Ribamar Medeiros Lima Júnior José , Beckman Ferreira Alves Adriana Karina , Nascimento da Silva Sampaio Thaynara , Marinho Teles Brenda Emmylly 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre o fenótipo de cintura hipertrigliceridêmica (FCH) e a estimativa da taxa de filtração glomerular (eTFG) em pacientes hipertensos. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal e retrospectivo, composto por 146 prontuários de hipertensos consultados entre os anos de 2013 a 2017 no Centro de Prevenção de Doenças Renais HUUFMA. Considerou-se dados sociodemográficos, condições clí­nicas e exames laboratoriais, estes foram analisados pelo programa estatí­stico SPSS 21.0®. Resultados: O FCH esteve presente em 84,2% (n=123) da amostra e 65% (n=, desta, eram mulheres. A eRFG apresentou média de 69,3 ± 23,9 mL / min em 1,73 m² no grupo com FCH e média de 91,4 ± 42,6 mL / min em 1,73 m² no grupo sem FCH, com associação significativa (p <0,05). Conclusões: A presença do FHC associou-se í diminuição da eTFG, ao aumento dos exames laboratoriais, medidas antropométricas e í­ndices antropométricos.
HUBUNGAN POPULASI CACING TANAH TERHADAP C-ORGANIK DAN N-TOTAL DI LAHAN BUDIDAYA HORTIKULTURA DAN MONOKLUTUR TANAMAN KOPI DI DESA NDUARIA KECAMATAN KELIMUTU
Authors: Muksin Muksin , Anasaga Agustinus J.P 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship between Earthworm Population and C-organic and N-total in Horticulture and Coffee Monoculture cultivation in Nduaria Village, Kelimutu District. This research was conducted using an exploratory method that is carried out by direct observation from the observation location. How to calculate earthworms using the hand sorting method. The method commonly used for the determination of C-organic is the Walkley and Black method, while the method used for the determination of N-total is the Kjehdahl method. This method is used because it is considered simple, fast, easy to do, and requires little equipment. The results of this study indicate that in horticultural land there is no earthworm population found at all depths. Earthworm populations were found at all depths in the coffee plantation monoculture, the highest population was at a depth of 0-10 cm as many as 41 m2, Biomass was 9 g, and Biomass vs Population 0.21 m2. In horticultural fields, the highest c-organic and n-total is at a depth of 0-10 cm, the c-organic value is 3.03% (high criteria) and n-total is 0.47% (medium criteria). The close relationship between the earthworm population, biomass, and biomass versus population was positively correlated with c-organic and n-total in horticultural land and coffee monoculture.
The Garies wollastonite deposit, Namaqualand, South Africa: High-Temperature metamorphism of a low-δ18O skarn?
Authors: Harris Chris , Maboane Lucrecia 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
The Garies wollastonite deposit is located in the Bushmanland terrane of the Namaqualand Metamorphic Province and is part of a discontinuous calc-silicate unit bounded by granulite facies gneiss that experienced peak metamorphic temperatures above 800 °C. In bulk, the deposit is dominated by wollastonite, but varied proportions of garnet, diopside, quartz, calcite, and vesuvianite are also present. Mineral chemistry variations across the deposit are minor, and the absence of inclusions indicates textural and chemical equilibrium. The wollastonite-bearing rocks have unusually low mineral δ18O values: –0.6 to +2.2‰ for garnet, –0.2 to +2. 6‰ for clinopyroxene, and –0.2 to +0.4‰ for wollastonite. Calcite δ18O values range from 6.8 to 11. 8‰ and δ13C values from –6.4 to –3.2‰. Calcite δ18O values are unusually low for calc-silicate rocks, but Δcalcite-garnet values from 3 to 12‰ indicate O-isotope disequilibrium between calcite and the silicate minerals. Garnet-biotite metapelitic and diopside gneisses have unexpectedly low δ18O values (&lt;7‰). The approach to O-isotope equilibrium displayed by coexisting silicate minerals, and low mineral δ18O values in calc-silicate and metapelite and metapsammite gneisses, is consistent with low δ18O values being acquired before peak metamorphism. Low δ18O values in the minerals of the calc-silicate rocks require interaction with external fluid at high water/rock ratio. We suggest that the deposit represents a metamorphosed skarn that developed at the contact between the original carbonate rocks and intruding felsic magmas.
Chemical and boron isotope composition of tourmaline from pegmatites and their host rocks, Sierra de San Luis, Argentina
Authors: Montenegro Teresita , Wul Julieta , de Luchi Mónica López , Ribacki Enrico , Trumbull Robert B. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We report chemical and B-isotope analyses of tourmaline from Ordovician S-type granites, an aplite, LCT-type (lithium-cesium-tantalum) pegmatites, and metamorphic rocks of the Conlara Metamorphic Complex (CMC) in Sierra de San Luis, Argentina. For comparison, tourmaline from three LCT pegmatites in the adjacent Pringles Metamorphic Complex was also studied. Metamorphic tourmaline from the CMC has intermediate schorl–dravite compositions, with variable Fe# [100 * Fe/(Fe + Mg)] from 32 to 79. The δ11B values range from –14.8 to –8.9‰, which are typical values for continental metasediments and granites, ruling out a marine origin for the tourmalinite protoliths. Tourmaline from the S-type granites and aplite is more homogeneous, with Fe# from 48 to 60. The δ11B range (–14 to –9.8‰) of granitic tourmaline is within that of the metamorphic tourmaline, supporting the idea of boron recycling in the CMC during partial melting to form the granites. Tourmaline from CMC-hosted pegmatites is compositionally diverse and we distinguished three groups based on Fe#: Group 1: 42 to 50, Group 2: 50 to 62, and Group 3: 62 to 93. Regardless of strong variations in Fe#, tourmaline from all pegmatites in the CMC has δ11B values from –10.3 to –7.8‰. These values overlap with the range of related granites but are about 2 permil higher, which we attribute to crystallization of 10B-enriched minerals (mica and tourmaline) in the evolved magma from which the pegmatites formed. Pegmatites from the Pringles Metamorphic Complex contain tourmaline with a similar overall range of Fe# (45 to 84) as in the CMC but lower δ11B values (–13.2 to –11.2‰).