bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinico-Radiological-Pathological Correlation of Visual Loss in COVID-Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis
Authors: Goel Ruchi , Arora Ritu , Shah Shalin , Chhabra Mohit , Kumar Jyoti , Khurana Nita , Gupta Swati , Khanam Samreen , Kumar Sumit , Singh Sonam , Meher Ravi , Thakar Meenakshi , Garg Anju 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
To correlate the clinical, radiological, and histopathological features in Covid-associated Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis cases presenting with acute visual loss.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Methods:
Covid-associated Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis cases with unilateral visual loss, planned for exenteration, underwent orbital and ophthalmological ocular examination. The available radiological sequences, doppler ultrasonography and histopathology findings were correlated with clinical manifestations.

Results:
The median age was 51 years and the male: female ratio was 3:1. All except one presented with unilateral ophthalmoplegia. The ocular media were hazy in 2 eyes. In 8 eyes, retinal changes were suggestive of occlusion of CRA (6), combined occlusion of CRA and central retinal vein (1), and myopic degeneration with hypertensive retinopathy (1). The contralateral eye showed retinal ischemic changes in one patient. Radiological imaging showed orbital apex involvement in the 10 affected eyes and one contralateral eye. Ipsilateral cavernous sinus thrombosis, diffusion restriction on MRI of optic nerve, internal carotid artery narrowing/thrombosis, and cortical watershed infarcts were seen in 8, 4, 4, and 2 cases, respectively. The blood flow in CRA and ophthalmic artery was absent or reduced in all the 10 affected eyes and in 1 contralateral eye. On histopathology, orbital fat necrosis, fungal hyphae, acute inflammation, granuloma formation, ischemic thrombosis of ophthalmic artery was observed in 10 specimens. CRA was patent in 9 and thrombosed in 1 eye. Optic nerve was ischemic in 8 and viable in 2 eyes.

Conclusion:
Acute visual loss in ROCM cases is associated with orbital apex involvement and thrombotic ischemia of ophthalmic artery. Cessation of flow in CRA possibly occurs secondary to ophthalmic artery thrombosis.
60 Years of Combining Tranylcypromine
Authors: Wagner Elias , Seemüller Florian , Hasan Alkomiet 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Tranylcypromine is the only irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is approved in the United States and in Europe for the management of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. Comprehensive data in the literature regarding the efficacy and tolerability of tranylcypromine (TCP) combination strategies have not been systematically investigated yet.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of available literature based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Study types considered eligible for inclusion were studies that reported information on efficacy and/or tolerability/adverse effects of pharmacological TCP add-on or coadministration strategies among people with psychiatric disorders.

Results
Ninety-six articles were included in qualitative analyses. A relevant body of evidence shows that TCP combined with first- and second-generation antipsychotics seems relatively safe and might have beneficial effects in some patients with depressive disorders, although caution is needed with some second-generation antipsychotics that have proserotonergic activity. Although evidence is not entirely consistent, amitriptyline as add-on agent might be efficacious and associated with a low rate of severe adverse events. Although available data from case reports are scarce, certain other agents, such as trazodone, but also lithium, seem to have a good risk-benefit profile with regard to TCP that should be further investigated in the context of high-quality studies.

Conclusions
Any combination of a psychotropic with TCP should be preceded by an evaluation of drug-to-drug interaction and an informed consent process and followed by close monitoring. Before any combination strategy, doctors should reevaluate factors of pseudo–treatment resistance, such as rapid-metabolizing status, noncompliance, trauma, alternative diagnosis, or drug abuse.
Effect of Valproic Acid on the Metabolic Spectrum of Clozapine in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Smith Robert Løvsletten , Wollmann Birgit M. , Kyllesø Lennart , Tran Thu Thuy Anh , Tveito Marit , Molden Espen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Valproic acid (VPA) is frequently used with clozapine (CLZ) as mood stabilizer and/or seizure prophylaxis. Valproic acid is known to reduce N-desmethylclozapine (N-DMC) but not CLZ levels. This leads to the hypothesis that VPA induces the CLZ metabolism via non–N-desmethylation pathways. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of concurrent VPA use on the serum concentrations of a spectrum of CLZ metabolites in patients, adjusting for smoking.

Methods
In total, 288 patients with an overall number of 737 serum concentration measurements of CLZ and metabolites concurrently using VPA (cases, n = 22) or no interacting drugs (controls, n = 266) were included from a routine therapeutic drug monitoring service. Linear mixed model analyses were performed to compare the dose-adjusted concentrations (C/D) of CLZ, N-DMC, CLZ 5N/N
+-glucuronides, and metabolite-to-parent ratios in cases versus controls.

Results
After adjusting for covariates, the N-DMC (−40%, P < 0.001) and N
+-glucuronide C/Ds (−78%, P < 0.001) were reduced in cases versus controls, while the CLZ C/D was unchanged (P > 0.7). In contrast, the 5N-glucuronide C/D (+250%, P < 0.001) and 5N-glucuronide-to-CLZ ratios (+120%, P = 0.01) were increased in cases versus controls.

Conclusions
Our findings show that complex changes in CLZ metabolism underly the pharmacokinetic interaction with VPA. The lower levels of N-DMC seem to be caused by VPA-mediated induction of CLZ 5N-glucuronide formation, subsequently leading to reduced substrate availability for N-desmethylation. Whether the changes in CLZ metabolism caused by VPA affects the clinical outcome warrants further investigation.
The efficacy and safety of different bismuth agents in Helicobacter pylori first-line eradication
Authors: Cao Yaping , Zhang Jian , Liu Yuan , Zhang Lifeng , Wang Lu , Wang Jie , Qi Ying , Lv Huanhuan , Liu Juan , Huo Lijuan , Wei Xiaoguo , Shi Yongquan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bismuth pectin capsules and bismuth pectin granules in the first-line quadruple treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).

Methods:
This study was a multicenter, randomized, open-labelled controlled clinical trial. Patients with a H. pylori infection were randomized into 4 groups (1:1:1:1) and treated with a 14-day bismuth-containing quadruple therapy. The 4 groups received either bismuth potassium citrate capsules (220 mg), colloidal bismuth pectin capsules (200 mg), bismuth pectin granules (150 mg), or bismuth pectin granules (300 mg). The primary outcome was the eradication rate of H. pylori. The secondary outcomes included symptom improvement, patient compliance, and incidence of adverse events. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04209933).

Result(s):
A total of 240 patients were included in this study, and 211 patients completed the follow-up. An intention-to-treat analysis showed that the H. pylori eradication rates of the 4 groups were 73.3%, 76.7%, 75.0%, and 71.7%, respectively. The per-protocol analysis showed that the H. pylori eradication rates of the 4 groups were 86.3%, 82.1%, 83.3%, and 86.0%. There was no significant difference among the 4 groups in the H. pylori eradication rate (P > .05). There were also no significant differences in the symptom improvement rate, overall adverse reaction rate, or patient compliance among the 4 groups.

Conclusion(s):
Bismuth pectin capsules and bismuth pectin granules had similar efficacy and safety for H. pylori eradication compared to bismuth potassium citrate. These data suggest that bismuth pectin can be an alternative to bismuth potassium citrate to eradicate H. pylori when using bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.
Efficacy and safety of Tuina for treatment of pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infections
Authors: Tian Ye , Wang Lie , Wang Zhongtian , Ding Lizhong , Wei Lina , Guo Lei , Sun Xiaozhou , Wang Lei , Yang Fushuang , Sun Liping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) are common respiratory ailments in children. RRTIs are often difficult to control and thus generally have a long-term disease course. Children who receive ineffective treatments or those that experience poor treatment outcomes are prone to developing complications such as edema, cough and asthma. Such complications can seriously hinder a child's growth and development, while also adversely affecting the child's physical and mental health. Tuina massage, a traditional Chinese technique that has been practiced in China for >5000 years, has recently been used to treat RRTIs, with good effect. However, no systematic review of research studies focusing on massage as a treatment for RRTIs can be found in the literature to date. The purpose of this study will be to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tuina massage for the treatment of pediatric patients who experience RRTIs.

Methods:
We will search the following databases using electronic methods: the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data (WAN FANG), VIP Information (VIP), MEDLINE, PUBMED, EMBASE, and CINAHL. For each database search, the scope will include articles published between the date of database inception to September 2021. Revman5.4 software will be used to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Results:
This meta-analysis will confirm whether Tuina massage is of clinical benefit to pediatric patients who experience RRTIs.

Conclusion:
The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis will be used to formulate conclusions as to whether massage therapy is an effective treatment for children suffering from RRTIs.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of tuina in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections. Since all the data included were published, the systematic review did not require ethical approval.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202190107.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined Chinese herbal medicine for diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Shi Yong , Liu Le , Sun Xuefeng , Jiao Jundong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine has been widely utilized for pain management in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). However, its results are still inconsistent, and no systematic review has specifically addressed this issue. Thus, this systematic review will comprehensively and systematically investigate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine for pain relief in DPN.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials on acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine treatment of DPN published before September of 2021 will be searched in 9 databases including Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica Database, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, and China Science and Technology Journal Database. The methodological assessment performed using the risk of bias assessment tool of Cochrane, and the level of evidence quality for the main results will be evaluated by a recommended grading, evaluation, formulation, and evaluation system approach. Bayesian network meta-analysis will be conducted using STATA V.14.0 and WinBUGS V.1.4.3.

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality comprehensive evaluation of the safety of acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine for treating DPN.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine combined with acupuncture in the treatment of DPN, and provide the latest evidence for clinical application.

Ethics and dissemination:
The protocol of the systematic review does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. This article will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.
Registration number: INPLASY2021100004.
Comparison of prediction accuracies between mathematical models to make projections of confirmed cases during the COVID-19 pandamic by country/region
Authors: Tsai Kang-Ting , Chien Tsair-Wei , Lin Ju-Kuo , Yeh Yu-Tsen , Chou Willy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused >0.228 billion infected cases as of September 18, 2021, implying an exponential growth for infection worldwide. Many mathematical models have been proposed to predict the future cumulative number of infected cases (CNICs). Nevertheless, none compared their prediction accuracies in models. In this work, we compared mathematical models recently published in scholarly journals and designed online dashboards that present actual information about COVID-19.

Methods:
All CNICs were downloaded from GitHub. Comparison of model R

2
was made in 3 models based on quadratic equation (QE), modified QE (OE-m), and item response theory (IRT) using paired-t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Kano diagram was applied to display the association and the difference in model R

2
on a dashboard.

Results:
We observed that the correlation coefficient was 0.48 (t = 9.87, n = 265) between QE and IRT models based on R

2
when modeling CNICs in a short run (dated from January 1 to February 16, 2021). A significant difference in R

2
was found (P < .001, F = 53.32) in mean R
2 of 0.98, 0.92, and 0.84 for IRT, OE-mm, and QE, respectively. The IRT-based COVID-19 model is superior to the counterparts of QE-m and QE in model R
2 particularly in a longer period of infected days (i.e., in the entire year in 2020).

Conclusion:
An online dashboard was demonstrated to display the association and difference in prediction accuracy among predictive models. The IRT mathematical model was recommended to make projections about the evolution of CNICs for each county/region in future applications, not just limited to the COVID-19 epidemic.
Prognostic significance of PTOV1 expression in cancers
Authors: Yang Yue , Li Nan , Tian Guangwei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Prostate tumor overexpressed-1 (PTOV1) was firstly depicted as gene and protein overexpressed in prostate cancers and preneoplastic lesions of high-grad intraepithelial neoplasia. Recently, people have paid recent attention to the oncogenic PTOV1 protein as a regulator with various cellular functions and pathways that tend to enhance cell growth and self-renewal in numerous cancer cell types. Its prognostic role in cancers remains controversial.

Methods:
Eligible studies are identified by comprehensively searching literature in all available databases. The associations between PTOV1 expression and overall survival, disease-free survival, relapse-free survival, progression-free survival, and clinicopathological characteristics are estimated by employing hazard ratios and the confidence intervals of 95%. STATA 12.0 software was adopted to perform the meta-analysis.

Results:
This study will provide high-quality synthesis to evaluate the associations between PTOV1 expression and overall survival, disease-free survival /relapse-free survival , progression-free survival, and clinicopathological features.

Conclusion:
The study will provide updated evidence to assess whether the expression of PTOV1 is in association with poor prognosis in patients with cancers.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42020183853.
Significant vision improvement and successful prevention of recurrence by electroacupuncture in hemiretinal vein occlusion combined with macular edema
Authors: Yan Yan , Chen Yu , Liu ZhiShun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second commonest retinal vascular pathology, with macular edema (ME) as one of its major complications, which could finally cause vision loss. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF therapy), as the standard therapy, has an unsustainable effect and needs repeated injections, which associates with frequent adverse events and significant economic burden. We reported a patient who had developed RVO and ME, and finally recovered after electroacupuncture treatment.

Patient concerns:
A 56-year-old woman complained a decrease of visual acuity in the right eye for 1 year. She received injection of 0.5 mg Conbercept, one of the anti-VEGF therapies, in the vitreous cavity 6 times in 1 year, and finally turned to acupuncture for help out of short-term effectiveness after each injection and high expenditure (CNY 40,800). No other severe medical history was reported.

Diagnosis:
Under comprehensive consideration of clinical manifestations and the results of fluorescein fundus angiography and optical coherence tomography, the patient was diagnosed with hemi-RVO and ME.

Interventions:
The patient received electroacupuncture 3 sessions per week throughout 8 months (93 sessions in total).

Outcomes:
The visual acuity of the patient was improved from 0.6 to 0.9 after the 8-month electroacupuncture treatment and remained stable during the 24-month follow-up; the central retinal thickness remained stable between 350 and 414 throughout the treatment and follow-up periods. Patients regarded the vision-related quality of life as satisfactory. The total expenditure of electroacupuncture treatment was CNY 6045. The patient did not receive any Conbercept injection over the whole period of 32 months. No relevant adverse events occurred.

Lessons:
Electroacupuncture might be effective in alleviating the symptoms of hemi-RVO-associated ME, with a potential of long-lasting effect. The frequency of anti-VEGF therapy could be reduced to the most extent, and the possibility of recurrence could be reduced as well, resulting good economic benefits.
Antegrade recanalization of parent artery in proximal occlusion of distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery ruptured aneurysm
Authors: Jang Hyung-Gyu , Park Jung-Soo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are extremely rare. Herein, we describe a case of PICA pseudoaneurysm with proximal occlusion achieved using detachable coils, but antegrade recanalization, which showed a normal PICA configuration on follow-up angiography. Possible mechanisms of the recanalization and lesions are also discussed.

Patient concerns:
The patient was an 80-year-old woman with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) resulting from a distal PICA-ruptured aneurysm, initially misdiagnosed as a non-aneurysmal traumatic SAH.

Diagnosis:
On hospitalization day 10, the patient developed rebleeding, and brain computed tomography angiography confirmed a distal PICA pseudoaneurysm.

Intervention:
Endovascular coil embolization was performed. Inevitably, the proximal PICA was occluded using detachable coils, and complete occlusion of the affected PICA was confirmed on the final angiogram.

Outcome:
Fortunately, the patient recovered fully without any neurological sequelae. One year after the procedure, a follow-up angiography was performed, which revealed recanalization of the previously occluded PICA, with normal configuration and no visible aneurysmal dilatation.

Conclusion:
Even if the SAH is scanty and predominantly in the perimesencephalic cistern, performing a catheter-based angiography is essential. In the case of proximal occlusion of the parent artery without internal trapping in endovascular treatment of PICA pseudoaneurysm, follow-up examination with a short-term angiography might be crucial.
Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver with epithelioid features in an adult patient
Authors: Jiang Peng , Jiao Yan , Niu Chun-Yuan , Liu Ya-Hui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) is a rare form of liver malignancy, with most cases reported in the pediatric population. This disease is extremely uncommon in adults. Herein, we report the first case of UESL with epithelioid features in an adult patient.

Patient concerns:
A 50-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to epigastric pain.

Diagnosis and interventions:
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a space-occupying lesion in the right lobe of the liver. A right hemihepatectomy was performed. Postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the diagnosis of UESL and features of epithelioid differentiation.

Outcomes:
The patient recovered well and refused adjuvant therapy. Unfortunately, the patient died of tumor recurrence 3 months after hospital discharge.

Conclusion:
UESL is a rare form of liver cancer, with most cases reported in the pediatric population. This case study highlights an extremely uncommon case of UESL with epithelioid features and a very poor prognosis. The findings suggest that complete intraoperative resection and postoperative adjuvant therapy should be considered to improve the prognosis of adult patients with UESL with epithelioid features.
Accuracy of ultrasonic artificial intelligence in diagnosing benign and malignant breast diseases
Authors: Liu Qiyu , Qu Meijing , Sun Lipeng , Wang Hui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Artificial intelligence system is a deep learning system based on computer-assisted ultrasonic image diagnosis, which can extract morphological features of breast mass and conduct objective and efficient image analysis, thus automatically intelligent classification of breast mass, avoiding subjective error and improving the accuracy of diagnosis.
[1–2]
A large number of studies have confirmed that artificial intelligence (AI) has high effectiveness and reliability in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases.
[3–4]
However, the results of these studies have been contradictory. Therefore, this meta-analysis tested the hypothesis that artificial intelligence system is accurate in distinguishing benign and malignant breast diseases.

Methods:
We will search PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese biomedical databases from their inceptions to the November 20, 2021, without language restrictions. Two authors will independently carry out searching literature records, scanning titles and abstracts, full texts, collecting data, and assessing risk of bias. Review Manager 5.2 and Stata14.0 software will be used for data analysis.

Results:
This systematic review will determine the accuracy of AI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases.

Conclusion:
Its findings will provide helpful evidence for the accuracy of AI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases.

Systematic review registration:
INPLASY2021110087.