bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kato smoothing properties of a class of nonlinear dispersive wave equations on a periodic domain
Authors: Sun Shu-Ming , Yang Xin , Zhang Bing-Yu , Zhong Ning 
Published: January 2021

The solutions of the Cauchy problem of the KdV equation on a periodic domain 𝕋,

[see formula in PDF]

possess neither the sharp Kato smoothing property,

[see formula in PDF]

nor the Kato smoothing property,

[see formula in PDF]

Considered in this article is the Cauchy problem of the following dispersive equations posed on the periodic domain 𝕋, (See Eq. (1) below)

[see formula in PDF]

where g ∈ C∞(𝕋) is a real value function with the support

[see formula in PDF]

It is shown that
(1) if ω ≠ ∅, then the solutions of the Cauchy problem (1) possess the Kato smoothing property;
(2) if g is a nonzero constant function, then the solutions of the Cauchy problem (1) possess the sharp Kato smoothing property.
Multicenter experience with digital single-operator cholangioscopy in pregnant patients
Authors: Brewer Gutierrez Olaya I. , Godoy Brewer Gala , Zulli Claudio , Tejaswi Sooraj , Pawa Rishi , Jamidar Priya , Robles-Medranda Carlos , Pawa Swati , Camilion Jose V. , Oleas Roberto , Parsa Nasim , Runge Thomas , Miaw Diana , Ichkhanian Yervant , Khashab Mouen A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims The use of fluoroscopy during pregnancy should be minimized given that a clear-cut safe radiation dose in pregnancy is unknown. The role of digital single-operator cholangioscopy (D-SOC) as an alternative to standard enodoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in pregnant patients has not been comprehensively studied. This study assessed 1 Technical success defined as performance of ERCP with D-SOC without the use of fluoroscopy in pregnant patients; 2 safety of D-SOC in pregnancy; and 3 maternal and neonatal outcomes after D-SOC during/after pregnancy.
Patients and methods This was an international, multicenter, retrospective study at 6 tertiary centers. Pregnant patients who underwent D-SOC for the treatment of bile duct stones and/or strictures were included.
Results A total of 10 patients underwent D-SOC. Indications for ERCP were choledocholithiasis, strictures, previous stent removal, and choledocholithiasis/stent removal. Bile duct cannulation without fluoroscopy was achieved in 10 of 10 patients (100 %). Moreover, 50 % of patients (5/10) completed a fluoroless ERCP with D-SOC. Mean fluoroscopy dose and fluoroscopy time were 3.4 ± 7.2 mGy and 0.5 ± 0.8 min, respectively. One case of mild bleeding and one case of moderate post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred. The mean gestational age at delivery was 36.2 ± 2.6 weeks. Median birth weight was 2.5 kg [IQR: 2.2–2.8]. No birth defects were noted.
Conclusion ERCP guided by D-SOC appears to be a feasible and effective alternative to standard ERCP in pregnant patients. It enables avoidance of radiation in half of cases.
Stichprobenuntersuchung der Filterleistung von normierten partikelfilternden Halbmasken
Authors: Dellweg D. , Quast R. , Haidl P. 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Durch ein vereinfachtes Sonderzulassungsverfahren, welches bis zum 1. 10. 2020 Gültigkeit hatte, sind eine Vielzahl von partikelfilternden Halbmasken auf den deutschen Markt gekommen. Das RKI empfiehlt bei der Versorgung von SARS-CoV-2-infizierten Patienten das Tragen von partikelfilternden Halbmasken mit einer Filterleistung von mindestens 94 %. Dies entspricht der FFP-Klasse 2 nach EN 149:2001+A1:2009. Wir haben 15 partikelfiltrierende Halbmasken mit unterschiedlicher Normierung auf ihre Filterleistung untersucht
Methode Die Masken wurden in einer luftdichten Testbox in einer Aufspannvorrichtung befestigt. Radioaktive Partikel mit einer Größe von 0,6 ± 0,4 µm wurden in die Box vernebelt und durch den Port der Aufspannvorrichtung sowie über einen ungefilterten Referenzport mittels einer künstlichen Lunge in einen Filter abgesaugt. Die Aktivitätsbelegung der Filter wurde danach mittels Gammakamera gemessen. Hieraus wurde die Filterleistung berechnet.
Ergebnisse Fünf der 15 getesteten Masken hatten eine Filterleistung von weniger als 94 % und genügten damit nicht dem FFP2-Standard. Die Filterleistung dieser Masken betrug 71,8 ± 2,3 %, 73,2 ± 2,3 %, 78,2 ± 6,7 %, 92,2 ± 0,5 % und 85,9 ± 1,6 %.
Schlussfolgerung Ein Drittel der untersuchten Masken erfüllte nicht den empfohlenen FFP2-Standard, der bei der Versorgung SARS-CoV-2-infizierter Patienten empfohlen wird. Eine umfassende Überprüfung bereits zugelassener Produkte durch die überwachenden Behörden ist anzuraten.
Benthic invaders control the phosphorus cycle in the world’s largest freshwater ecosystem
Authors: Li Jiying , Ianaiev Vadym , Huff Audrey , Zalusky John , Ozersky Ted , Katsev Sergei 
Published: January 2021

Significance
The ecosystems of the Laurentian Great Lakes have been dramatically reengineered by invasive bottom-dwelling dreissenid mussels. A key question is whether this biological change has altered whole-ecosystem biogeochemistry, in particular the cycling of phosphorus, a key nutrient that limits biological productivity in freshwater ecosystems. We show that phosphorus cycling in the invaded Great Lakes is now regulated by the population dynamics of a single benthic species, the quagga mussel. This qualitatively changes the responses of the affected lakes to phosphorus inputs from watersheds, complicates predictions, and necessitates a new paradigm for managing these large aquatic ecosystems. Similar changes likely play out in many other dreissenid-invaded lakes across Europe and North America.
Tumor-suppressor function of Beclin 1 in breast cancer cells requires E-cadherin
Authors: Wijshake Tobias , Zou Zhongju , Chen Beibei , Zhong Lin , Xiao Guanghua , Xie Yang , Doench John G. , Bennett Lynda , Levine Beth 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Beclin 1, an essential autophagy protein, is important for tumor suppression in mice, as well as in human breast and ovarian cancers. However, it is not well understood how Beclin 1 acts as a tumor suppressor. By performing a genetic screen to identify genes whose loss blocks the ability of Beclin 1 to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells and follow-up biological analyses, we have identified a mechanism by which Beclin 1 prevents breast cancer growth. We found that Beclin 1 promotes the plasma membrane localization of E-cadherin, a breast tumor-suppressor molecule that restricts tumor growth and metastases only when present at the cell surface. These findings have important implications for understanding the cell biology of human breast cancer.
“Violence and Love and Drugs…it all Goes hand in Hand”: A Mixed Methods Analysis of the Substance Abuse, Violence, and HIV/AIDS Syndemic among Women who use Methamphetamine
Authors: Stockman Jamila K. , Syvertsen Jennifer L. , Hayashi Hitomi D. , Ludwig-Barron Natasha , Tsuyuki Kiyomi , Morris Meghan D. , Palinkas Lawrence A. 
Published: January 2021

Background The synergistic epidemics of substance use, violence, and HIV/AIDS, also known as the SAVA syndemic, disproportionately affects vulnerable women in the United States. Methamphetamine use is closely linked with physical and sexual violence, including intimate partner violence (IPV), which heightens women's vulnerability to HIV. This mixed methods study examined the prevalence and correlates of violence among women who use methamphetamine, ( n = 209) enrolled in an HIV intervention study in San Diego, California. Methods At baseline, 209 women completed an interviewer-administered computer-assisted survey. A sub set of women who reported lifetime IPV ( n = 18) also participated in qualitative interviews to contextualize our understanding of patterns of violence over time. Results In the overall cohort, reports of lifetime (66.0%) and past 2-month (19.6%) IPV were prevalent. Moreover, women reported lifetime physical only (27.3%), sexual only (6.2%), or both forms of violence (50.7%) by multiple perpetrators. Factors independently associated with lifetime IPV were having unprotected sex with a steady partner (odds ratio [OR]: 2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 6.00) and being high on methamphetamine during unprotected sex with a steady partner (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.30, 5.09) within the past 2 months. Our qualitative narratives illuminated how IPV in women's steady relationships often reflects a culmination of violent victimization throughout their lifetime which is further exacerbated by methamphetamine use and sexual risk through gendered power dynamics. Conclusions HIV prevention interventions should address the SAVA syndemic in a holistic manner, including the role of methamphetamine use in the context of women's abusive steady relationships.
“It's a Place that Gives me Hope”: A Qualitative Evaluation of a Buprenorphine-Naloxone Group Visit Program in an Urban Federally Qualified Health Center
Authors: Lai Sunny , Li Erica , Silverio Alexis , DeBates Robin , Kelly Erin Lee , Weinstein Lara Carson 
Published: January 2021

Background Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) with buprenorphine is effective in treating opioid use disorder yet remains underutilized. Scant research has examined the experience of patients, clinic staff, and providers in a “low-threshold” group-based MOUD program. This study evaluates a “low-threshold” MOUD program at a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania through the perspectives of its key stakeholders. Methods This qualitative study involved focus groups of patients, providers, and clinic staff. Focus groups were conducted between October 2017 and June 2018. Grounded theory was used for analysis. Results There were a total of 10 focus groups, including 20 patient participants and 26 staff members. Program participants noted that a strength of the program is its person-centered harm reduction approach, which is reflected in the program's policies and design. Program participants discussed the programmatic design choices that facilitated their participation and engagement in the program: ease of access, integration into primary care, and group-based visit model. Challenges in program implementation included varying acceptance and understanding of harm reduction among staff, the unpredictability of clinic volume and workflow, and the need to balance access to primary care and MOUD. Conclusion This group-based MOUD program's philosophy of person-centered harm reduction, low-barrier approach, the structure of group-based visits, and integrated care contributes to increased patient access and retention. Understanding the strengths and challenges of the program may be useful for other safety-net clinics considering a MOUD program.
Involvement of two or more sets of lacrimal glands and/or major salivary glands is related to greater systemic disease activity due to multi-organ involvement in IgG4-related dacryoadenitis/sialadenitis
Authors: Takahashi Yoshinori , Mizushima Ichiro , Konishi Masahiro , Kawahara Hiroyuki , Sanada Hajime , Suzuki Kazuyuki , Takeji Akari , Hara Satoshi , Ito Kiyoaki , Fujii Hiroshi , Kawano Mitsuhiro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
In IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and/or sialadenitis (IgG4-DS), involvement of two or more sets of lacrimal glands (LGs) and/or major salivary glands (MSGs) is regarded as a specific finding with diagnostic significance. This study aimed to clarify the influence of this factor on the overall clinical picture of IgG4-DS.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 130 patients with IgG4-related disease, 97 of whom were diagnosed with IgG4-DS. We determined their clinical features according to the presence/absence of involvement of ≥2 sets of LGs and/or MSGs and compared the results with those obtained in 33 DS-limited patients.

Results
The IgG4-DS patients comprised 60 men and 37 women (median age 65 years). The median serum IgG4 level at diagnosis was 548 mg/dL. The patients with involvement of ≥2 sets (n = 44) had significantly more affected organs, lower serum C3 and C4 levels, and a tendency to have higher serum IgG levels and IgG4-RD responder index than did those without it (n = 53). In the 33 DS-limited patients, these two groups had no significant differences in clinical features.

Conclusions
Involvement of ≥2 sets of LGs and/or MSGs suggests greater systemic disease activity mainly reflected by involvement of more organs.
Security of quantum key distribution with source and detection imperfections
Authors: Sun Shihai , Xu Feihu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In practice, the device imperfections might introduce deviations from the idealized models used in the security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD). This requires the refined security analysis for practical QKD. However, in most of previous analysis, the imperfections are individually considered with different models. Here, we derive a security analysis which takes both the source and detection imperfections into account. Particularly, the efficiency mismatch in the detection and a number of flaws in the source (such as, inaccuracy of encoded quantum state, side-channel of source, distinguishable decoy states, Trojan-horse, and so on) are analyzed in a general security model. Then the performance of the QKD system with the devices imperfections is evaluated. Our results present an important step toward the practical security of QKD wit realistic devices.
Dynamical density wave order in an atom–cavity system
Authors: Georges Christoph , Cosme Jayson G , Keßler Hans , Mathey Ludwig , Hemmerich Andreas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We theoretically and experimentally explore the emergence of a dynamical density wave (DW) order in a driven dissipative atom–cavity system. A Bose–Einstein condensate is placed inside a high finesse optical resonator and pumped sideways by an optical standing wave. The pump strength is chosen to induce a stationary superradiant checkerboard DW order of the atoms stabilized by a strong intracavity light field. We show theoretically that, when the pump is modulated with sufficient strength at a frequency ω
d close to a systemic resonance frequency ω
>, a dynamical DW order emerges, which oscillates at the two frequencies ω
> and ω
< = ω
d − ω
>. This order is associated with a characteristic momentum spectrum, also found in experiments in addition to remnants of the oscillatory dynamics presumably damped by on-site interaction and heating, not included in the calculations. The oscillating density grating, associated with this order, suppresses pump-induced light scattering into the cavity. Similar mechanisms might be conceivable in light-driven electronic matter.
Mono-top signature from stop decay at the HE-LHC
Authors: Yang Xu-Xu , Zhou Hang , Tang Tian-Peng , Liu Ning 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Searching for the top squark (stop) is a key task to test the naturalness of SUSY. Different from stop pair production, single stop production relies on its electroweak properties and can provide some unique signatures. Following the single production process

pp
→

t

˜

1

χ

˜

1

−

→
t

χ

˜

1

0

χ

˜

1

−

, the top quark has two decay channels: leptonic channel and hadronic channel. In this paper, we probe the observability of these two channels in a simplified minimal supersymmetric standard model scenario. We find that, at the 27 TeV LHC with the integrated luminosity of


=
15

ab

−
1

,

m

t

˜

1

<
1900

GeV

and μ < 750 GeV can be excluded at 2σ through the leptonic mono-top channel, while

m

t

˜

1

<
1200

GeV

and μ < 350 GeV can be excluded at 2σ through the hadronic channel.
Longitudinal dynamics from hydrodynamics with an order parameter *
Authors: Lin Shu , Zhou Gezheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We studied coupled dynamics of hydrodynamic fields and order parameter in the presence of nontrivial longitudinal flow using the chiral fluid dynamics model. We found that longitudinal expansion provides an effective relaxation for the order parameter, which equilibrates in an oscillatory fashion. Similar oscillations are also visible in hydrodynamic degrees of freedom through coupled dynamics. The oscillations are reduced when dissipation is present. We also found that the quark density, which initially peaked at the boundary of the boost invariant region, evolves toward forward rapidity with the peak velocity correlated with the velocity of longitudinal expansion. The peak broadens during this evolution. The corresponding chemical potential rises due to simultaneous decrease of density and temperature. We compared the cases with and without dissipation for the order parameter and also the standard hydrodynamics without order parameter. We found that the corresponding effects on temperature and chemical potential can be understood from the conservation laws and different speeds of equilibration of the order parameter in the three cases.
Evaluation of an electrochemically aligned collagen yarn for textile scaffold fabrication
Authors: Xie Yu , Chen Jiyang , Celik Hakan , Akkus Ozan , King Martin W 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Collagen is the major component of the extracellular matrix in human tissues and widely used in the fabrication of tissue engineered scaffolds for medical applications. However, these forms of collagen gels and films have limitations due to their inferior strength and mechanical performance and their relatively fast rate of degradation. A new form of continuous collagen yarn has recently been developed for potential usage in fabricating textile tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, we prepared the continuous electrochemical aligned collagen yarns from acid-soluble collagen that was extracted from rat tail tendons (RTTs) using 0.25 M acetic acid. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the major component of the extracted collagen contained alpha 1 and alpha 2 chains and the triple helix structure of Type 1 collagen. The collagen solution was processed to monofilament yarns in continuous lengths by using a rotating electrode electrochemical compaction device. Exposing the non-crosslinked collagen yarns and the collagen yarns crosslinked with 1-ethyl-3-(-3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride to normal physiological hydrolytic degradation conditions showed that both yarns were able to maintain their tensile strength during the first 6 weeks of the study. Cardiosphere-derived cells showed significantly enhanced attachment and proliferation on the collagen yarns compared to synthetic polylactic acid filaments. Moreover, the cells were fully spread and covered the surface of the collagen yarns, which confirmed the superiority of collagen in terms of promoting cellular adhesion. The results of this work indicated that the aligned RTT collagen yarns are favorable for fabricating biotextile scaffolds and are encouraging for further studies of various textile structure for different tissue engineering applications.
Superintegrability of three-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with conformally Euclidean metrics. Oscillator-related and Kepler-related systems
Authors: Cariñena José F , Rañada Manuel F , Santander Mariano 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study four particular three-dimensional natural Hamiltonian systems defined in conformally Euclidean spaces. We prove their superintegrability and we obtain, in the four cases, the maximal number of functionally independent integrals of motion. The two first systems are related to the three-dimensional isotropic oscillator and the superintegrability is quadratic. The third system is obtained as a continuous deformation of an oscillator with ratio of frequencies 1:1:2 and with three additional nonlinear terms of the form k
2/x
2, k
3/y
2 and k
4/z
2, and the fourth system is obtained as a deformation of the Kepler Hamiltonian also with these three particular nonlinear terms. These third and fourth systems are superintegrable but with higher-order constants of motion. The four systems depend on a real parameter in such a way that they are continuous functions of the parameter (in a certain domain of the parameter) and in the limit of such parameter going to zero the Euclidean dynamics is recovered.
Monodisperse albumin particles fabricated by membrane emulsification using anodic porous alumina
Authors: Yanagishita Takashi , Asami Reina , Masuda Hideki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We obtained monodisperse albumin particles by membrane emulsification using ordered anodic porous alumina with uniform-sized holes. The particle size could be controlled by adjusting the hole size in the alumina emulsification membrane using the linear relationship between the size of particle and the hole. We loaded a fluorescent dye into the albumin particles by adding it to the dispersed phase used for the emulsification. These monodisperse albumin particles with controlled size have potential for use in various applications, in particular, as drug carriers.
Why Are Individuals With Diabetes Less Active? The Mediating Role of Physical, Emotional, and Cognitive Factors
Authors: Cheval Boris , Maltagliati Silvio , Sieber Stefan , Beran David , Chalabaev Aïna , Sander David , Cullati Stéphane , Boisgontier Matthieu P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite the key role of physical activity in the management of diabetes, many individuals with diabetes do not engage in the recommended levels of physical activity. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between diabetes and physical inactivity is limited.

Purpose
To investigate the associations between diabetes and the levels and evolution of physical activity across aging, and to determine whether physical, emotional, and cognitive factors mediate these associations.

Methods
Data from 105,622 adults aged 50–96 years from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were used in adjusted linear mixed models to examine whether diabetes was associated with physical activity levels and variations across aging. The potential mediators were subjective energy, muscle strength, physical and cognitive disability, sleep problems, depressive symptoms, and cognitive functions. The variables were measured up to seven times over a 13-year period.

Results
Individuals with diabetes demonstrated a lower level and a steeper decrease in physical activity across aging than individual without diabetes. Mediators explained ~53% and 94% of the association of diabetes with the level of physical activity and with the linear evolution of physical activity across aging, respectively. All mediators were significantly associated with physical activity. Physical and cognitive disability as well as depressive symptoms were the strongest mediators, while sleep was the lowest one.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that the etiology of physical inactivity in individuals with diabetes can result from several physical, emotional, and cognitive changes associated with the emergence of this disease.