bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Coptic Magical Text for Virginity in Marriage: A Witness to “Celibate Marriage” from Christian Egypt
Authors: Blumell Lincoln H. , Dosoo Korshi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum in San Jose (CA) owns a small but important collection of unpublished Coptic papyri and parchments. One notable papyrus preserves a unique text in which the practitioner invokes an unnamed female figure to help a woman protect her “purity,” “virginity,” and “marriage.” Although the specific context behind the text is not altogether clear and the appeal for virginity in marriage is curious and without parallel in other magical texts, one possibility is to see the text in light of the Christian practice of celibate marriage whereby a male and female entered into a non-sexual marriage.
Embedded Liberalism in the Digital Era
Authors: Mansfield Edward D. , Rudra Nita 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the volume and intensity of attacks on globalization have been steadily rising. It is frequently argued that the antiglobalization backlash stems from strains that have been placed on the compromise of embedded liberalism. We argue that existing research underemphasizes how technological change and the digital revolution have contributed to these strains. Global value chains facilitated by the digital revolution have linked technology in advanced industrial countries to low-cost labor in developing countries, precipitating distributional losses for low-skilled labor in the industrial world. Further, the digital revolution has led to regulatory challenges involving both capital and labor. We argue that, as a result, governments face both mounting opposition to globalization and heightened difficulty in supporting the programs and policies necessary to buffer the adverse domestic effects of globalization and maintain support for embedded liberalism.
Genotype by environment interaction for fat and protein yieldsviareaction norms in Holstein cattle of southern Brazil
Authors: Mulim Henrique Alberto , Carneiro Paulo Luiz Souza , Malhado Carlos Henrique Mendes , Pinto Luís Fernando Batista , Mourão Gerson Barreto , Valloto Altair Antônio , Pedrosa Victor Breno 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOur objective was to evaluate the genetic merit of Holstein cattle population in southern Brazil in response to variations in the regional temperature by analyzing the genotype by environment interaction using reaction norms. Fat yield (FY) and protein yield (PY) data of 67 360 primiparous cows were obtained from the database of the Paraná Holstein Breeders Association, Brazil (APCBRH). The regional average annual temperature was used as the environmental variable. A random regression model was adopted applying mixed models with Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) algorithm using WOMBAT software. The genetic merit of the 15 most representative bulls, depending on the temperature gradient, was evaluated. Heritability ranged from 0.21 to 0.27 for FY and from 0.14 to 0.20 for PY. The genetic correlation observed among the environmental gradients proved to be higher than 0.80 for both traits. Slight reranking of bulls for both traits was detected, demonstrating that non-relevant genotype by environment interaction for FY and PY were observed. Consequently, no inclusion of the temperature effect in the model of genetic evaluation in southern Brazilian Holstein breed is required.
Evaluation of different acute-phase proteins for herd health diagnostics in early postpartum Holstein Friesian dairy cows
Authors: Schmitt Ruth , Pieper Laura , Gonzalez-Grajales L. Antonio , Swinkels Jantijn , Gelfert Carl-Christian , Staufenbiel Rudolf 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis research communication describes (1) the comparison of acute-phase protein (APP) concentrations in transition dairy cows on different farms using both pooled and individual blood samples, and (2) the association among different APP and clinical health parameters. The first hypothesis was that early postpartum dairy cows from different farms differ in the level of inflammation, which might be determined using APP assays in both pooled and individual blood samples. The second hypothesis was that the APP haptoglobin (Hp) might be the most sensitive parameter to detect cows at risk of excessive postpartum inflammation concomitant with systemic disease. Serum concentrations of Hp, serum amyloid-A (SAA), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), coeruloplasmin (Cp) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 100 fresh lactating cows (within 0–8 d postpartum) from 10 farms were compared and associated to clinical health parameters (rectal body temperature, vaginal discharge (Metricheck™ score), rumen fill, vulvovaginal laceration) using both pooled and individual blood samples. Mean serum concentrations of Hp, SAA and TP revealed significant differences among farms. Pooled serum samples of farms showed high correlations with the mean of individual samples. Only Hp was significantly positively correlated to both body temperature and Metricheck™ score. In conclusion, Hp differentiates dairy farms regarding the inflammatory state of transition cows using individual and pooled serum samples within the first week postpartum. It also mirrors the individual degree of inflammation, thus proving to be a diagnostic parameter of high interest during the periparturient period.
Ambulatory management of common ENT emergencies – what's the evidence?
Authors: Heining C J , Amlani A , Doshi J 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 has necessitated changes to ‘usual’ ways of practice in otolaryngology, with a view towards out-patient or ambulatory management of appropriate conditions. This paper reviews the available evidence for out-patient management of three of the most common causes for emergency referral to the otolaryngology team: tonsillitis, peri-tonsillar abscess and epistaxis.MethodsA literature review was performed, searching all available online databases and resources. The Medical Subject Headings ‘tonsillitis’, ‘pharyngotonsillitis’, ‘quinsy’, ‘peritonsillar abscess’ and ‘epistaxis’ were used. Papers discussing out-patient management were reviewed by the authors.ResultsOut-patient and ambulatory pathways for tonsillitis and peritonsillar abscess are well described for patients meeting appropriate criteria. Safe discharge of select patients is safe and should be encouraged in the current clinical climate. Safe discharge of patients with epistaxis who have bleeding controlled is also well described.ConclusionIn select cases, tonsillitis, quinsy and epistaxis patients can be safely managed out of hospital, with low re-admission rates.
Salvaging Truth from Ontological Scrap
Authors: Cornell David M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhat should one do when one's philosophical conclusions run counter to common sense? Bow to the might of ordinary opinion or follow the indiscriminate force of philosophical reason, no matter where it leads? A few strategies have recently been proposed which suggest we needn't have to make this difficult choice at all. According to these views, we can accept the truths of common sense whilst simultaneously endorsing philosophical views with which they seem to conflict. We can, for instance, accept it as true that the Taj Mahal is in India, whilst also eliminating the Taj Mahal from our ontology. I argue that these strategies generate a new conflict with common sense and thus undercut one of the central motivations that drives them. I also argue for the stronger claim that these kinds of ‘truth-salvaging’ strategy are incapablein principleof reconciling theory with common sense. This does not mean that they must be abandoned, for there may be good independent reasons for endorsing them, but it does eliminate one of their most promising advantages. The upshot of the paper will be two-fold. First, one of the major motivations for endorsing these kinds of strategy will be severely undermined. Secondly, and perhaps more significantly, it will mean that for those who think philosophy should be strictly constrained by common sense, all radical ontological views will effectively be off the table.
Longitudinal symptom network structure in first-episode psychosis: a possible marker for remission
Authors: Piao Yan Hong , Yun Je-Yeon , Nguyen Thong Ba , Kim Woo-Sung , Sui Jing , Kang Nam-In , Lee Keon-Hak , Ryu Seunghyong , Kim Sung-Wan , Lee Bong Ju , Kim Jung Jin , Yu Je-Chun , Lee Kyu Young , Won Seung-Hee , Lee Seung-Hwan , Kim Seung-Hyun , Kang Shi Hyun , Kim Euitae , Chung Young Chul 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundNetwork approach has been applied to a wide variety of psychiatric disorders. The aim of the present study was to identify network structures of remitters and non-remitters in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) at baseline and the 6-month follow-up.MethodsParticipants (n= 252) from the Korean Early Psychosis Study (KEPS) were enrolled. They were classified as remitters or non-remitters using Andreasen's criteria. We estimated network structure with 10 symptoms (three symptoms from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, one depressive symptom, and six symptoms related to schema and rumination) as nodes using a Gaussian graphical model. Global and local network metrics were compared within and between the networks over time.ResultsGlobal network metrics did not differ between the remitters and non-remitters at baseline or 6 months. However, the network structure and nodal strengths associated with positive-self and positive-others scores changed significantly in the remitters over time. Unique central symptoms for remitters and non-remitters were cognitive brooding and negative-self, respectively. The correlation stability coefficients for nodal strength were within the acceptable range.ConclusionOur findings indicate that network structure and some nodal strengths were more flexible in remitters. Negative-self could be an important target for therapeutic intervention.
Motion Control of a Flock of 1-Trailer Robots with Swarm Avoidance
Authors: Raj Jai , Raghuwaiya Krishna , Sharma Bibhya , Vanualailai Jito 
Published: February 2021

SUMMARYThis paper addresses the motion planning and control problem of a system of 1-trailer robots navigating a dynamic environment cluttered with obstacles including a swarm of boids. A set of nonlinear continuous control laws is proposed via the Lyapunov-based Control Scheme for collision, obstacle, and swarm avoidances. Additionally, a leader–follower strategy is utilized to allow the flock to split and rejoin when approaching obstacles. The effectiveness of the control laws is demonstrated through numerical simulations, which show the split and rejoin maneuvers by the flock when avoiding obstacles while the swarm exhibits emergent behaviors.
Co-variation, style and social meaning: The implicational relationship between (h) and (ing) in Debden, Essex
Authors: Cole Amanda 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper demonstrates that the differing social meanings held by linguistic features can result in an implicational relationship between them. Rates of (h) and (ing) are investigated in the casual speech of sixty-three speakers from a community with Cockney heritage: Debden, Essex. The indexicalities of h-dropping in Debden (signalling Cockney) are superordinate to and incorporate the indexicalities of g-dropping (working-class, “improper”), resulting in an implicational relationship. H-dropping implies g-dropping, but g-dropping can occur independently of h-dropping. This occurs in terms of co-variation at the between-speaker level and clustering effects at the within-speaker level which is measured through a novel approach using the number of phonemes as the denomination of distance. The features’ differing social meaning are also related to rates of change. Young speakers are shifting away from linguistic features which index Cockney heritage (h-dropping; the [-Iŋk] variant of -thing words) in favor of more general, southeastern, working-class norms (g-dropping).
Lower implicit self-esteem as a pathway linking childhood abuse to depression and suicidal ideation
Authors: Reid-Russell Azure , Miller Adam Bryant , Cvencek Dario , Meltzoff Andrew N. , McLaughlin Katie A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIdentifying the potential pathways linking childhood abuse to depression and suicidal ideation is critical for developing effective interventions. This study investigated implicit self-esteem—unconscious valenced self-evaluation—as a potential pathway linking childhood abuse with depression and suicidal ideation. A sample of youth aged 8–16 years (N = 240) completed a self-esteem Implicit Association Test (IAT) and assessments of abuse exposure, and psychopathology symptoms, including depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, and externalizing symptoms. Psychopathology symptoms were re-assessed 1–3 years later. Childhood abuse was positively associated with baseline and follow-up depression symptoms and suicidal ideation severity, and negatively associated with implicit self-esteem. Lower implicit self-esteem was associated with both depression and suicidal ideation assessed concurrently and predicted significant increases in depression and suicidal ideation over the longitudinal follow-up period. Lower implicit self-esteem was also associated with baseline anxiety, externalizing symptoms, and a general psychopathology factor (i.e. p-factor). We found an indirect effect of childhood abuse on baseline and follow-up depression symptoms and baseline suicidal ideation through implicit self-esteem. These findings point to implicit self-esteem as a potential mechanism linking childhood abuse to depression and suicidal ideation.
Body size preferences for women and adolescent girls living in Africa: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Pradeilles Rebecca , Holdsworth Michelle , Olaitan Oluwabukola , Irache Ana , Osei-Kwasi Hibbah A , Ngandu Christian B , Cohen Emmanuel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjective:To synthesise evidence on body size preferences for females living in Africa and the factors influencing these.Design:Mixed-methods systematic review including searches on Medline, CINHAL, ASSIA, Web of Science and PsycINFO (PROSPERO CRD42015020509). A sequential-explanatory approach was used to integrate quantitative and qualitative findings.Setting:Urban and rural Africa.Participants:Studies of both sexes providing data on body size preferences for adolescent girls and women aged ≥10 years.Results:Seventy-three articles from twenty-one countries were included: fifty quantitative, fifteen qualitative and eight mixed methods. Most studies reported a preference for normal or overweight body sizes. Some studies of adolescent girls/young women indicated a preference for underweight. Factors influencing preferences for large(r) body sizes included: socio-demographic (e.g. education, rural residency), health-related (e.g. current BMI, pubertal status), psycho-social (e.g. avoiding HIV stigma) and socio-cultural factors (e.g. spouse’s preference, social standing, cultural norms). Factors influencing preferences for slim(mer) body sizes included: socio-demographic (e.g. higher socioeconomic status, urban residency, younger age), health-related (e.g. health knowledge, being nulliparous), psycho-social (e.g. appearance, body size perception as overweight/obese) and socio-cultural factors (e.g. peer pressure, media).Conclusions:Preference for overweight (not obese) body sizes among some African females means that interventions need to account for the array of factors that maintain these preferences. The widespread preference for normal weight is positive in public health terms, but the valorisation of underweight in adolescent girls/young women may lead to an increase in body dissatisfaction. Emphasis needs to be placed on education to prevent all forms of malnutrition.
One step forward or one step back? Autonomy, agency and surrogates in the Indian Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill 2019
Authors: Gola Swati 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe Indian government has recently introduced legislation to regulate ‘altruistic’ surrogacy while banning ‘commercial’ surrogacy amidst the criticism that India has become the ‘baby factory’. In the past decade, academic discourse has raised socioethical and legal issues that surfaced in the unrestricted transnational commercial-surrogacy industry. Most of the literature and ethnographic studies centred on the issues of informed consent, autonomy, decision-making and exploitation. With the proposed legislation, the Indian government has shown its will to regulate surrogacy, including the medical intermediaries as well as the contract between the intending parents and the surrogate mother-to-be. The present paper addresses the legal and socioethical context in which India introduced the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill 2019. It examines the extent to which the proposed law responds to the legal challenges and socioethical concerns that surfaced in the course of unregulated transnational commercial-surrogacy arrangements in India. It argues that, even though the proposed legislation addresses and responds to some of the legal and ethical concerns such as informed consent and legal parentage, it stops short of ensuring the welfare and well-being of the surrogate. Second, the legal certainty of parentage and the child's rights comes at the cost of the physical and psychological well-being of the surrogate. Finally, it argues that, by presupposing the surrogate as an autonomous agent and yet imposing the requirement of marriage, the Bill overlooks the sociocultural realities of patriarchal hierarchies entrenched in Indian society – that, in its conception of ‘family’, the focus on the ‘traditional’ family not only presents a narrow view of the heteronormative family and perpetuates the patriarchal notions of gender roles, but also fails to take into consideration maternal pluralism in surrogacy arrangements, undermines the modern family and, above all, discriminates against the single person's and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) communities’ right to found a family. Since many countries that served as centres for international commercial-surrogacy arrangement (such as Cambodia, Thailand and Nepal) have recently started to take steps to prohibit or limit transnational surrogacy arrangements, the analysis of Indian law in the present paper will provide a useful context within which these countries can effectively regulate surrogacy while safeguarding the surrogate's rights and interests.
Stress Inversion in a Gelatin Box: Testing Eruptive Vent Location Forecasts With Analog Models
Authors: Mantiloni L. , Davis T. , Gaete Rojas A. B. , Rivalta E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAssessing volcanic hazard in regions of distributed volcanism is challenging because of the uncertain location of future vents. A statistical‐mechanical strategy to forecast such locations was recently proposed: here, we further develop and test it with analog models. We stress a gelatin block laterally and with surface excavations, and observe air‐filled crack trajectories. We use the observed surface arrivals to sample the distributions of parameters describing the stress state of the gelatin block, combining deterministic crack trajectory simulations with a Monte Carlo approach. While the individual stress parameters remain unconstrained, we effectively retrieve their ratio and successfully forecast the arrival points of subsequent cracks.
Cloud Patterns in the Trades Have Four Interpretable Dimensions
Authors: Janssens Martin , Vilà‐Guerau de Arellano Jordi , Scheffer Marten , Antonissen Coco , Siebesma A. Pier , Glassmeier Franziska 
Published: February 2021

AbstractShallow cloud fields over the subtropical ocean exhibit many spatial patterns. The frequency of occurrence of these patterns can change under global warming. Hence, they may influence subtropical marine clouds’ climate feedback. While numerous metrics have been proposed to quantify cloud patterns, a systematic, widely accepted description is still missing. Therefore, this study suggests one. We compute 21 metrics for 5,000 satellite scenes of shallow clouds over the subtropical Atlantic Ocean and translate the resulting data set to its principal components (PCs). This yields a unimodal, continuous distribution without distinct classes, whose first four PCs explain 82% of all 21 metrics’ variance. The PCs correspond to four interpretable dimensions: Characteristic length, void size, directional alignment, and horizontal cloud top height variance. These dimensions span a space in which an effective pattern description can be given, which may be used to better understand the patterns’ underlying physics and feedback on climate.
Exceptionally Persistent Madden‐Julian Oscillation Activity Contributes to the Extreme 2020 East Asian Summer Monsoon Rainfall
Authors: Zhang Wenjun , Huang Zongci , Jiang Feng , Stuecker Malte F. , Chen Guosen , Jin Fei‐Fei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDuring June–July 2020, the record‐breaking flooding in the recent four decades struck the plum rain belt over China, Japan, and Korea. Concurrent with this persistent heavy rainfall, pronounced Indian Ocean basin warming (IOBW) was observed, following the previous El Niño event in the transition to La Niña‐like mean state this summer. This tropical Indo‐Pacific large‐scale thermal condition provided favorable conditions for rainfall surpluses over the plum rain belt via the western North Pacific anticyclone. Superimposed on the tropical Indo‐Pacific large‐scale thermal condition, an extraordinary long‐lasting and quasistationary Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) active phase persisted in the Indian Ocean throughout June–July 2020, lasting for 59 days. The MJO‐associated teleconnection was mainly responsible for the extreme rainfall over the plum rain belt, which was facilitated by the conducive large‐scale Indo‐Pacific oceanic‐atmospheric condition.
Impact of Stem Size on Turbulence and Sediment Resuspension Under Unidirectional Flow
Authors: Liu Chao , Shan Yuqi , Nepf Heidi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLaboratory experiments examined the impact of model vegetation on turbulence and resuspension. The turbulent kinetic energy increased with increasing velocity and increasing solid volume fraction, but did not depend on stem diameter. The vegetation‐generated turbulence dominated the total turbulence inside canopies. For the same sediment size, the critical turbulent kinetic energy at which resuspension was initiated was the same for both vegetated and bare beds, which resulted in a critical velocity that decreased with increasing solid volume fraction. Both the critical turbulence and critical velocity for resuspension had no dependence on stem diameter. However, for denser canopies and/or a canopy of smaller stem size, a greater energy slope is required to initiate resuspension. This study provides a way to predict the onset of resuspension in regions with vegetation, an important threshold for sediment transport and landscape evolution.