bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta‐analysis on shared and distinct neural correlates of the decision‐making underlying altruistic and retaliatory punishment
Authors: Boccadoro Sara , Wagels Lisa , Puiu Andrei A. , Votinov Mikhail , Weidler Carmen , Veselinovic Tanja , Demko Zachary , Raine Adrian , Neuner Irene 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTIndividuals who violate social norms will most likely face social punishment sanctions. Those sanctions are based on different motivation aspects, depending on the context. Altruistic punishment occurs if punishment aims to re‐establish the social norms even at cost for the punisher. Retaliatory punishment is driven by anger or spite and aims to harm the other. While neuroimaging research highlighted the neural networks supporting decision‐making in both types of punishment in isolation, it remains unclear whether they rely on the same or distinct neural systems. We ran an activation likelihood estimation meta‐analysis on functional magnetic resonance imaging data on 24 altruistic and 19 retaliatory punishment studies to investigate the neural correlates of decision‐making underlying social punishment and whether altruistic and retaliatory punishments share similar brain networks. Social punishment reliably activated the bilateral insula, inferior frontal gyrus, midcingulate cortex (MCC), and superior and medial frontal gyri. This network largely overlapped with activation clusters found for altruistic punishment. However, retaliatory punishment revealed only one cluster in a posterior part of the MCC, which was not recruited in altruistic punishment. Our results support previous models on social punishment and highlight differential involvement of the MCC in altruistic and retaliatory punishments, reflecting the underlying different motivations.
Life satisfaction: The role of domain‐specific reference points
Authors: Neumann‐Böhme Sebastian , Attema Arthur E. , Brouwer Werner B. F. , van Exel Job N. J. A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the evaluation of well‐being, it is not only important what people have in absolute terms, but also how this compares to reference points in relative terms. We explore the relevance of relative comparisons by testing the effect of people's self‐rated position on potential reference points for income and health on their subjective well‐being. We used Multiple Discrepancies Theory as a framework to identify seven potentially relevant reference points for income and health. A representative sample (N = 550) of the Netherlands assessed their income and health relative to these reference points. In addition, we elicited monthly household income, health status (EQ‐5D‐5L), and subjective well‐being (SWLS). In line with the literature, we found a negative convex relationship between subjective well‐being and age and a positive relationship with being employed, income, and health. For income, subjective well‐being was also associated with how current income compared to respondents' needs and progression over time, and for health especially with how current health compared to what they felt they deserved. Our findings suggest that income and health are important for subjective well‐being both in absolute and relative terms. We found negative effects on life satisfaction if some of the domain specific reference points were not met.
Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma in a 74‐year‐old patient
Authors: Hayashida Michikata , Nagamoto Shoichi , Yano Akihiro , Fu Takayoshi , Tanaka Naoto , Hagiwara Kiichi , Oka Suguru , Sakaguchi Kazushige , Kinowaki Keiichi , Urakami Shinji 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionCystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma is a multilocular cystic variant of Wilms tumor that always presents in children. However, we encountered an elderly patient with cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma. Therefore, we report it.Case presentationA 74‐year‐old male presented with a left renal tumor detected with ultrasonography. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 4 cm multilocular cystic tumor with septa, which suggested multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. Therefore, we performed a radical nephrectomy. The definitive diagnosis of cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma was made with histopathological findings. After the surgical resection, no recurrence has occurred in the past 13 years.ConclusionCystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma can develop in adults, regardless of age. Furthermore, surgical resection can be used as an established treatment option in adult cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma cases.
Bromodomain‐containing protein 9 is a prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltrates and promotes tumor malignancy through activating notch signaling pathway in negative HIF‐2α clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Lou Weijuan , Gao Ke , Xu Chenyue , Li Qingquan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHIF‐2α selective inhibitor showed successful efficacy in sensitive clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) presenting higher levels of HIF‐2α compared to resistant tumors with low level of HIF‐2α (negative HIF‐2α ccRCC). Currently, negative HIF‐2α ccRCC lacks truly effective therapeutic agents to improve the outcomes. Bromodomain‐containing protein 9 (BRD9) plays a critical role in human hepatocellular carcinoma, squamous cell lung cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and so on. However, expression and biological role of BRD9 in negative HIF‐2α ccRCC is poorly understood. Clinically, we demonstrated that expression of BRD9 in negative HIF‐2α ccRCC tissues was higher than that in positive HIF‐2α ccRCC. Moreover, high BRD9 expression was correlated with unfavorable clinicopathological features and predicted the poor overall survival of negative HIF‐2α ccRCC patients. Functionally, BRD9 knockout resulted in reduced proliferation, migration and invasion of negative HIF‐2α ccRCC cells (Caki‐2). In addition, BRD9 was related to the TIIC infiltration level in negative HIF‐2α ccRCC tissues. Mechanistically, Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that BRD9 was closely related to Notch signaling pathway. BRD9 knockout resulted in reduced mRNA level of Hes1 and Notch1 in negative HIF‐2α ccRCC in vitro. The overexpression of NICD (Notch intracellular domain) enhanced malignant behaviors of Caki‐2 cells with BRD9 knockout. And Notch inhibition led to attenuation of cell growth and reduced migration and invasion in Caki‐2 cells. Overall, our results identified that BRD9 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of negative HIF‐2α ccRCC cells by targeting Notch signaling pathway and serve as a promising biomarker for negative HIF‐2α ccRCC.
Toxic stress and disconnection from work and school among youth in Detroit
Authors: Camp Jessica K. , Hall Tracy S. , Chua Jiahui C. , Ralston Kyle G. , Leroux Danielle F. , Belgrade Andrea , Shattuck Sadie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study explores toxic stress and youth disconnection from work and school using data from the Detroit Jobs for Michigan's Graduates (JMG) program. A secondary cross‐sectional analysis was conducted using a program census of 1934 youth participating in JMG between 2014 and 2019. Youth with criminal justice contact, parenting responsibilities, and toxic stress barriers showed the greatest disparity in graduating or become employed following participation in the JMG program. Youth without toxic stress‐aligned barriers were 1.87 times the odds more likely of successful program outcomes when controlling for program enrollment year, program type, Detroit residency, gender, and age. Toxic stress is associated with disconnection from education and employment before and after participation in the JMG program. This indicates that expanding trauma‐informed systems and community approaches in youth‐serving programs can play a role in mitigating the impact of toxic stress exposure on connection to opportunity for Detroit youth.
Hsa‐miR‐599inhibits breast cancer progression via BRD4/Jagged1/Notch1 axis
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Ning , Xu Danfeng , Wu Baohui , Wu Xiaosheng , Sun Xia , Yang Yi , Yan Fengqin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHsa‐miR‐599was identified as a tumor suppressor against cancer. This study aimed to explore possible mechanisms of antitumor effect ofhsa‐miR‐599against breast cancer. Tissue specimens were collected from 106 breast cancer cases, and breast cancer cell line MCF‐7 was cultured for in vitro experiments. The expression pattern ofhsa‐miR‐599was measured via quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Lipofectamine® 2000 reagent was used for cell transfection. Cell viability, motility and apoptosis were detected using MTT assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometer, respectively. Protein analysis was performed via western blot.Hsa‐miR‐599expression was decreased in breast cancer tissues and cells. Moreover, its expression was negatively correlated with TNM stage (p = 0.004) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001). Enhancedhsa‐miR‐599expression in breast cancer cells could induce the inhibition against cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and strengthen cell apoptosis. BRD4 might be a target ofhsa‐miR‐599.Hsa‐miR‐599combined with BRD4 inhibited breast cancer progression through targeting Jagged1/Notch1 pathway.Hsa‐miR‐599expression is downregulated in breast cancer.Hsa‐miR‐599may inactivate BRD4/Jagged1/Notch1 axis, thus suppressing malignant progression of breast cancer.
Low‐dose whole‐lung irradiation in severe COVID‐19 pneumonia: a controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mousavi Darzikolaee Nima , Kolahdouzan Kasra , Abtahi Hamidreza , Kazemizadeh Hossein , Salehi Mohammadreza , Ghalehtaki Reza , Bayani Reyhaneh , Pestehei Seyed Khalil , Ghazanfari Tooba , Ebrahiminasab Fatemeh , Salarvand Samaneh , Haddad Peiman , Kazemian Ali , Aghili Mahdi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic has caused significant morbidity and mortality thus far. Considering the historical uses of high‐voltage X‐ray beams for unresolvable pneumonia, we aimed to assess whether low‐dose whole‐lung irradiation (WLI) could provide any benefits for patients with refractory COVID‐19 pneumonia.MethodsEleven patients with refractory COVID‐19 pneumonia were treated with WLI to a total dose of 1 Gy and compared to 11 patients in a matched control group from June to November 2020. The study's primary endpoint was improvement of chest X‐ray severity score (CXRS), followed by changes in mean oxygen (O2) saturation and 28‐day mortality as secondary endpoints.ResultsThe final CXRS was significantly lower in the WLI group (8.7 ± 2.5) compared to the control group (12.3 ± 3.3) (P: 0.016). Change of CXRS from the first to the last chest X‐ray was −2.2 ± 3.1 for the WLI group and 0.7 ± 3.9 for the control group, which showed a trend for lower CXRS in the WLI group (U = 30, p: 0.085). Mean O2 saturation showed insignificant improvement in the first 24 hours after radiotherapy (mean difference: 2.5 ± 4.1, Z=−1.6, P value: 0.11). Overall survival after 28 days was 32% in the WLI group and 11% in the control group (P: 0.48). The reason for death in many patients was not merely respiratory failure, but also other adverse situations like pneumothorax, cardiogenic shock and pulmonary thromboembolism.ConclusionsLow‐dose WLI could improve the CXR severity score and O2 saturation in severely ill COVID‐19 patients, but larger studies are required to determine its impact on mortality.
Characteristics of climate extremes in China during the recent global warming hiatus based upon machine learning
Authors: Qin Peihua , Shi Chunxiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDuring 1998–2013, global surface air temperature increased more slowly than greenhouse gas concentrations, and therefore this period was defined as a “global warming hiatus.” The characteristics of climate extremes in China during this period are still not clear. In this study, based on 2,841 meteorological station observations in China, the trends of precipitation and temperature extremes during the global warming hiatus were investigated relative to the reference period (RF) (1982–1997) and the whole historical period (HIS) (1982–2017). Machine learning was used to capture the nonlinear regression of climate extremes, and the Theil–Sen method with the Mann–Kendall significant test was used to calculate the slopes of their linear trends. During the global warming hiatus, annual and summer (JJA) warmest days TXx and the number of summer days SU over the whole of China and most of its four subregions were found to decrease relative to the HIS and RF periods. Annual and winter (DJF) coldest nights TNn over China and its four subregions were found to decrease moderately relative to the HIS and RF periods, whereas the number of frost days FD increased consistently. Precipitation extremes showed more temporal and spatial variability than temperature extremes. Trends of annual and JJA wet extremes during the hiatus were found to decrease relative to the HIS and RF periods, whereas the dry extreme index during the hiatus was found to increase generally over China and in most subregions. Lighter winds and lower relative humidity over most areas of China might have contributed to less pronounced trends of wet extremes during the hiatus period.
Wind trends analysis in southern South America from weather station and reanalysis data
Authors: Merino Rodrigo Andres , Gassmann María Isabel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSurface and upper‐level wind speed changes were analysed for several weather stations distributed throughout Argentina from 1990 to 2020. Both annual and seasonal wind speed trends were estimated for individual surface stations and available rawinsonde data. In order to explore the nature of these changes, different percentile time series were evaluated. NCEP/NCAR and ERA5 data were also assessed to verify how these long‐term changes are represented by the different reanalysis time series. A significant decline in measured surface wind speed is observed for most stations, with a reduction up to 13%·decade−1 in some of them. Despite differences on each station's wind speed distributions due to regional characteristics, the estimated trends were mostly negative for the annual 75th and 95th percentile time series. Upper‐level stations registered positive trends especially in the upper troposphere (200 hPa) in northern Argentina, while Patagonia's wind profile showed significant positive wind speed trends at most levels. Reanalysis data have severe limitations to reproduce the observed behaviour in the near‐surface levels, but managed to generate adequate estimates for the medium to high troposphere.
Impact of stratified resection margin classification on local tumor control and survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hakim Samer G. , von Bialy Robert , Falougy Mohamed , Steller Daniel , Tharun Lars , Rades Dirk , Sieg Peter , Alsharif Ubai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommended for resection of oral cancer define a free margin of ≥5 mm as clear and safe (R0). This statement was questioned recently based on the assumption that different surgical margins may hold different risk categories. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of stratification of the surgical margins on the survival outcome of patients with oral cancer.MethodsIn a cohort of 753 patients, the hazard ratio for local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS), overall survival (OS), and oral cancer‐specific survival (OCSS) were estimated for R0 resection, the close margin of 1–4 mm, involved resection borders but with free frozen sections. Competing risk factors were considered in the statistical regression model.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐three (23%) patients developed local recurrence and 316 (42%) died in the 5 follow‐up years. There was a gradual improvement in the LRFS, OCSS, OS with the increase of clear margin. OS showed a similar tendency.ConclusionNot all patients with an R0cm status carry the same risk for impaired LRFS, OCSS, and OS. Their risk to develop recurrence is higher than those patients with R0 ≥5 mm but stratified risk management can be recommended according to the presented results.
Comprehensive feature‐based molecular networking and metabolomics approaches to reveal the differences components in Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum verum
Authors: Wu Xingdong , Long Huali , Li Feifei , Wu Wenyong , Zhou Jing , Liu Chen , Hou Jinjun , Wu Wanying , Guo Dean 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCinnamon was been a widely used plant in medicinal and spices for a long time and has spread all over the world. However, the differences in the components of the bark from Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum verum, the two most common types of cinnamon, have not been thoroughly investigated. In the present experiment, ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography LTQ‐Orbitrap Velos Pro hybrid mass spectrometer‐based metabolomics coupled with chemometrics and feature‐based molecular networking were employed to dramatically distinguish and annotate Cinnamomum cassia Bark and Cinnamomum verum bark. As a consequence, principal component analysis, orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminates analysis, and heat map analysis demonstrated clear discrimination between the profiles of metabolites in cinnamon. Besides, as the known compounds, proanthocyanidins (cinnamtannin B1 and procyanidin B2) and alkaloids (norboldine, norisoboldine) with variable importance in the projection scores >6, and an unknown alkaloid (formula C24H33NO6) were selected as the best markers to discriminate cinnamon. Furthermore, large numbers of proanthocyanidins and alkaloids components were identified through feature‐based molecular networking for the first time. Our investigation provides new ideas for the discovery of quality markers and identification of unknown components in natural products.
Flow intermittence alters carbon processing in rivers through chemical diversification of leaf litter
Authors: del Campo Rubén , Corti Roland , Singer Gabriel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe dry phase of intermittent rivers promotes the accumulation of leaf litter on various terrestrial and aquatic habitats. This environmental heterogeneity causes a chemical diversification of leaf litter by a range of physical and biological degradation processes acting across the various habitats. After flow resumption, the chemically diversified leaves are mixed and subject to continued decomposition downstream. We hypothesized that the chemical diversification of leaf litter during the dry phase would affect leaf litter decomposition under re‐established lotic conditions. Our laboratory treatments mimicking dry‐phase habitats caused a strong chemical diversification of leaf litter, which—upon combination in mixed litter bags—accelerated its decomposition in a perennial river reach. We suggest that intermittent rivers may act as hotspots of organic matter diversification, with potential implications for organic matter processing at the river‐network scale.
Radiobiological comparison between Cobalt‐60 and Iridium‐192 high‐dose‐rate brachytherapy sources: Part I—cervical cancer
Authors: Dayyani Mahdieh , Hoseinian‐Azghadi Elie , Miri‐Hakimabad Hashem , Rafat‐Motavalli Laleh , Abdollahi Sara , Mohammadi Najmeh 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to compare the biological effective doses (BEDs) to clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) for cervical cancer patients treated with high‐dose‐rate (HDR) Iridium‐192 (192Ir) or Cobalt‐60 (60Co) brachytherapy (BT) boost and to determine if the radiobiological differences between the two isotopes are clinically relevant.MethodsConsidering all radiosensitivity parameters and their reported variations, the BEDs to CTV and OARs during HDR 60Co/192Ir BT boost were evaluated at the voxel level. The anatomical differences between individuals were also taken into account by retrospectively considering 25 cervical cancer patients. The intrafraction repair, proliferation, hypoxia‐induced radiosensitivity heterogeneity, relative biological effectiveness (RBE), and source aging dose‐rate variation were also taken into account. The comparisons in CTV were performed based on equivalent uniform BED (EUBED).ResultsConsidering nominal parameters with no RBE correction, the CTV EUBEDs were almost similar with a median ratio of ∼1.00 (p < 0.00001), whereas RBE correction resulted in 3.9%–5.5% (p = 0.005, median = 4.8%) decrease for 60Co with respect to 192Ir. For OARs, the median values of D2cc (in EQD23) for 60Co were lower than that of 192Ir up to 9.2% and 11.3% (p < 0.00001) for nominal parameters and fast repair conditions, respectively. In addition, for a nominal value (reported range) of radiosensitive parameters, the CTV EUBED differences of up to 6% (5%–10%) were assessed for HDR‐BT component.ConclusionThe RBE values are the most important cause of discrepancies between the two sources. By comparing BED/EUBEDs to CTV and OARs between 60Co and 192Ir sources, this numerical study suggests that a dose escalation to ∼4% is feasible and safe while sparing well the surrounding normal tissues. This 4% dose escalation should be benchmarked with clinical evidences (such as the results of clinical trials) before it can be used in clinical practice.
Formation of micro/nanoparticles and microspheres from polyesters by dispersion ring‐opening polymerization
Authors: Guruprasad Reddy Pulikanti , Domb Abraham J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe micro/nanoparticles and microspheres of polyesters derived from the heterocyclic monomers of lactide (L,L or D,L), ε‐caprolactone, and glycolide have received significant interest as drug carriers for biomedical applications. This review focuses on the recent advances in the study of polyester‐based micro/nanoparticles and microspheres derived from the dispersion ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of heterocyclic monomers, and/or self‐assembly of polyester macromolecules, and/or dialysis of polyester solution in water‐miscible organic solvents against water. The dispersion polymerization of heterocyclic monomers in the presence of non‐polar miscible solvents and amphiphilic polymer surfactant leads to the formation of polyester particles with a narrower size distribution. The use of the polymer surfactant is crucial in controlling the diameter, morphology, and stability of the polyester particles formed during the ROP. The polymer surfactant acts as a stabilizer and is bound to the polyester particles strongly and irreversibly to control the size and morphology of polyester microspheres. The properties of polyester particles are varied by controlling the number average diameter and diameter polydispersity index. Hence, in this article, we review different synthetic strategies developed for the formation of polyester based particles with controlled diameter of distribution and the factors influencing its formation such as structure of the polymer surfactant, critical micelle concentration of the surfactant, type of radical initiator/monomer used, reaction parameters, etc. The article also describes methods developed for transforming the polyester microspheres into the water for better biocompatibility and encapsulation of bioactive compounds, drugs, and proteins into the polyester particles and their potential release at the targeted specific site are reviewed.