bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Gear Friction Coefficient Using Directional Parameter of Tooth Surface
Authors: Hongu Junichi , Horita Ryohei , Koide Takao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study proposes a modification of the Matsumoto equation using a directional parameter of tooth surfaces to adapt various gear finishing processes. The directional parameters of a contact surface, which affect oil film formations, have been discussed in the field of tribology; but this effect has been undetermined on the meshing gear tooth surfaces having directional machining marks. Thus, this paper investigates the relationship between the gear frictional coefficients and the directional parameters (based on ISO25178) of their tooth surfaces with the various finishing processes and modifies the Matsumoto equation by introducing a new directional parameter to augment the various gear finishing processes. Our findings indicate that through optimizing the coefficient of the correction term that include the new directional parameter, the calculated friction values using the modified Matsumoto equation correlate more highly to the experimental friction values than that using the unmodified Matsumoto equation.
Virtual Gas Turbines Part II: An Automated Whole-Engine Secondary Air System Model Generation
Authors: Kulkarni Davendu , di Mare Luca 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The design and analysis of the secondary air system (SAS) of gas turbine engine is a complex and time-consuming process because of the complicated topology and iterative nature of SAS design. The conventional SAS design-analysis model generation process is quite tedious and inefficient. It is still largely dependent on human expertise and thus incurs high time-cost. This paper presents an automated, whole-engine SAS flow network model generation methodology. This method accesses a prebuilt feature-based whole-engine geometry model and transforms the geometry features into the features suitable for SAS flow network analysis. The proposed method extracts both the geometric and non-geometric information from the engine geometry model such as rotational frames, materials, and boundary conditions. Apart from ensuring geometric consistency, this methodology also establishes a bidirectional information exchange protocol between the engine geometry model and the SAS flow network model, which enables to make engine geometry modifications based on SAS analysis results. The application of this feature mapping methodology is demonstrated by generating the SAS flow network model of a modern three-shaft gas turbine engine. This flow network model is generated within a few minutes, without any human intervention, which significantly reduces the SAS design-analysis time cost. The proposed methodology seamlessly links the geometry and the air system modelers of Virtual Gas Turbines simulation framework and thus allows performing a large number of whole-engine SAS simulations, design optimizations and fast redesign activities.
Changing Universities on the Tenure Track: Integrating Into a New Workplace Culture
Authors: Richards K. Andrew R. , Ressler James D. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Scholars, including those in physical education, have investigated the socialization of higher education faculty members. Informed by self-study of teacher education practices and occupational socialization theory, we aimed to understand Kevin’s experiences during a transition from one institution to another with the help of his critical friend, Jim. Methodology/Methods: Data were collected through prolonged journaling and critical friend discussions. Resulting text files were analyzed thematically with a focus on identifying turning points. Findings: Themes developed through qualitative analysis included: (a) readjusting scholarly targets and embracing grantspersonship, (b) giving up control and facilitating research, and (c) balancing being a team player with self-advocacy. Discussion/Conclusions: Kevin’s transition was supported by recognizing shifting norms of his new faculty role and influence of self-study of teacher education practices for ongoing, career professional development. Prior and current socialization influences framed this development.
The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline Cu–14Al–3Ni Alloy Subjected to High-Pressure Torsion
Authors: Svirid A. E. , Pushin V. G. , Kuranova N. N. , Makarov V. V. , Uksusnikov A. N. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure, phase composition, mechanical properties, and microhardness of the shape-memory Сu–14 wt % Al–3 wt % Ni alloy prepared in the nanocrystalline state, which results from the severe plastic high-pressure torsion (HPT), is studied. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis are used in combination with electrical resistivity measurements in order to obtain data on the peculiarities of thermoelastic martensitic transformations and decomposition in the HPT-processed alloy subjected to thermal actions.
Impact of COVID-19 on telepsychiatry at the service and individual patient level across two UK NHS mental health Trusts
Authors: Hong James SW , Sheriff Rebecca , Smith Katharine , Tomlinson Anneka , Saad Fathi , Smith Tanya , Engelthaler Tomas , Phiri Peter , Henshall Catherine , Ede Roger , Denis Mike , Mitter Pamina , D'Agostino Armando , Cerveri Giancarlo , Tomassi Simona , Rathod Shanaya , Broughton Nick , Marlowe Karl , Geddes John , Cipriani Andrea 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe effects of COVID-19 on the shift to remote consultations remain to be properly investigated.ObjectiveTo quantify the extent, nature and clinical impact of the use of telepsychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare it with the data in the same period of the 2 years before the outbreak.MethodsWe used deidentified electronic health records routinely collected from two UK mental health Foundation Trusts (Oxford Health (OHFT) and Southern Health (SHFT)) between January and September in 2018, 2019 and 2020. We considered three outcomes: (1) service activity, (2) in-person versus remote modalities of consultation and (3) clinical outcomes using Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) data. HoNOS data were collected from two cohorts of patients (cohort 1: patients with ≥1 HoNOS assessment each year in 2018, 2019 and 2020; cohort 2: patients with ≥1 HoNOS assessment each year in 2019 and 2020), and analysed in clusters using superclasses (namely, psychotic, non-psychotic and organic), which are used to assess overall healthcare complexity in the National Health Service. All statistical analyses were done in Python.FindingsMental health service activity in 2020 increased in all scheduled community appointments (by 15.4% and 5.6% in OHFT and SHFT, respectively). Remote consultations registered a 3.5-fold to 6-fold increase from February to June 2020 (from 4685 to a peak of 26 245 appointments in OHFT and from 7117 to 24 987 appointments in SHFT), with post-lockdown monthly averages of 23 030 and 22 977 remote appointments/month in OHFT and SHFT, respectively. Video consultations comprised up to one-third of total telepsychiatric services per month from April to September 2020. For patients with dementia, non-attendance rates at in-person appointments were higher than remote appointments (17.2% vs 3.9%). The overall HoNOS cluster value increased only in the organic superclass (clusters 18–21, n=174; p<0.001) from 2019 to 2020, suggesting a specific impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this population of patients.Conclusions and clinical implicationsThe rapid shift to remote service delivery has not reached some groups of patients who may require more tailored management with telepsychiatry.
Accuracy of the Veterans Health Administration COVID-19 (VACO) Index for predicting short-term mortality among 1307 US academic medical centre inpatients and 427 224 US Medicare patients
Authors: King, Jr. Joseph T , Yoon James S , Bredl Zachary M , Habboushe Joseph P , Walker Graham A , Rentsch Christopher T , Tate Janet P , Kashyap Nitu M , Hintz Richard C , Chopra Aneesh P , Justice Amy C 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe Veterans Health Administration COVID-19 (VACO) Index predicts 30-day all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19 using age, sex and pre-existing comorbidity diagnoses. The VACO Index was initially developed and validated in a nationwide cohort of US veterans—we now assess its accuracy in an academic medical centre and a nationwide US Medicare cohort.MethodsWith measures and weights previously derived and validated in US national Veterans Health Administration (VA) inpatients and outpatients (n=13 323), we evaluated the accuracy of the VACO Index for estimating 30-day all-cause mortality using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration plots of predicted versus observed mortality in inpatients at a single US academic medical centre (n=1307) and in Medicare inpatients and outpatients aged 65+ (n=427 224).Results30-day mortality varied by data source: VA 8.5%, academic medical centre 17.5%, Medicare 16.0%. The VACO Index demonstrated similar discrimination in VA (AUC=0.82) and academic medical centre inpatient population (AUC=0.80), and when restricted to patients aged 65+ in VA (AUC=0.69) and Medicare inpatient and outpatient data (AUC=0.67). The Index modestly overestimated risk in VA and Medicare data and underestimated risk in Yale New Haven Hospital data.ConclusionsThe VACO Index estimates risk of short-term mortality across a wide variety of patients with COVID-19 using data available prior to or at the time of diagnosis. The VACO Index could help inform primary and booster vaccination prioritisation, and indicate who among outpatients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 should receive greater clinical attention or scarce treatments.
Threshold effects as the origin of $$Z_{cs}(4000)$$, $$Z_{cs}(4220)$$ and X(4700) observed in $$B^+\rightarrow J/\psi \phi K^+$$
Authors: Ge Ying-Hui , Liu Xiao-Hai , Ke Hong-Wei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate the $$B^+\rightarrow J/\psi \phi K^+$$

B
+

→
J
/
ψ
ϕ

K
+

decay via various rescattering diagrams. Without introducing genuine exotic resonances, it is shown that the $$Z_{cs}(4000)$$

Z

cs

(
4000
)

, $$Z_{cs}(4220)$$

Z

cs

(
4220
)

and X(4700) reported by the LHCb collaboration can be simulated by the $$J/\psi K^{*+}$$

J
/
ψ

K

∗
+

, $$\psi ^\prime K^+$$

ψ
′

K
+

and $$\psi ^\prime \phi $$

ψ
′

ϕ

threshold cusps, respectively. These cusps are enhanced by some nearby triangle singularities. The X(4685) with $$J^P=1^+$$

J
P

=

1
+

cannot be well simulated by the threshold effects in our model, which implies that it may be a genuine resonance.
Antarctic upper mantle rheology
Authors: Ivins E. R. , van der Wal W. , Wiens D. A. , Lloyd A. J. , Caron L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Antarctic mantle and lithosphere are known to have large lateral contrasts in seismic velocity and tectonic history. These contrasts suggest differences in the response timescale of mantle flow across the continent, similar to those documented between the northeastern and southwestern upper mantle of North America. Glacial isostatic adjustment and geodynamical modelling rely on independent estimates of lateral variability in effective viscosity. Recent improvements in imaging techniques and the distribution of seismic stations now allow resolution of both lateral and vertical variability of seismic velocity, making detailed inferences about lateral viscosity variations possible. Geodetic and palaeosea-level investigations of Antarctica provide quantitative ways of independently assessing the 3D mantle viscosity structure. While observational and causal connections between inferred lateral viscosity variability and seismic velocity changes are qualitatively reconciled, significant improvements in the quantitative relations between effective viscosity anomalies and those imaged by P- and S-wave tomography have remained elusive. Here we describe several methods for estimating effective viscosity from S-wave velocity. We then present and compare maps of the viscosity variability beneath Antarctica based on the recent S-wave velocity model ANT-20 using three different approaches.
A Large-scale Empirical Analysis of Browser Fingerprints Properties for Web Authentication
Authors: Andriamilanto Nampoina , Allard Tristan , Le Guelvouit Gaëtan , Garel Alexandre 
Published: September 2021

Modern browsers give access to several attributes that can be collected to form a browser fingerprint. Although browser fingerprints have primarily been studied as a web tracking tool, they can contribute to improve the current state of web security by augmenting web authentication mechanisms. In this article, we investigate the adequacy of browser fingerprints for web authentication. We make the link between the digital fingerprints that distinguish browsers, and the biological fingerprints that distinguish Humans, to evaluate browser fingerprints according to properties inspired by biometric authentication factors. These properties include their distinctiveness, their stability through time, their collection time, their size, and the accuracy of a simple verification mechanism. We assess these properties on a large-scale dataset of 4,145,408 fingerprints composed of 216 attributes and collected from 1,989,365 browsers. We show that, by time-partitioning our dataset, more than 81.3% of our fingerprints are shared by a single browser. Although browser fingerprints are known to evolve, an average of 91% of the attributes of our fingerprints stay identical between two observations, even when separated by nearly six months. About their performance, we show that our fingerprints weigh a dozen of kilobytes and take a few seconds to collect. Finally, by processing a simple verification mechanism, we show that it achieves an equal error rate of 0.61%. We enrich our results with the analysis of the correlation between the attributes and their contribution to the evaluated properties. We conclude that our browser fingerprints carry the promise to strengthen web authentication mechanisms.
The Dose-Dependent Effects of Spironolactone on TGF-β1 Expression and the Vulnerability to Atrial Fibrillation in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Tang Mirong , Chen Yan , Sun Fuqing , Yan Liangliang 
Published: September 2021

Objective. This study tends to assess the dose-dependent effects of spironolactone on TGF-β1 expression, atrial fibrosis, and the vulnerability to atrial fibrillation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and tries to clarify the association of atrial fibrosis with the vulnerability to atrial fibrillation. Methods. Forty 20-week-old male SHRs were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 rats per group): 3 spironolactone groups were lower-dose group (10 mg·kg−1·d−1, dissolved in 2 ml saline solution, group SL), medium-dose group (40 mg·kg−1·d−1, dissolved in 2 ml saline solution, group SM), higher-dose group (80 mg·kg−1·d−1, dissolved in 2 ml saline solution, group SH) and one hypertension group (2 ml saline solution for stomach gavage, group H). Ten matched homologous WKY rats were set as the control group (group C). After 7 weeks of gavage, a multiple electroconductive physiological recorder was used to detect atrial electrical parameters, including P-wave duration, PR interval, and atrial effective refractory period (AERP), the inducibility, and duration of atrial fibrillation. HE staining was used to determine myocardial cell size. Masson staining was used to detect the deposition of the interstitial collagen fibers in atrial muscle. The expression of TGF-β1 was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Results. Compared with group C, the myocardial cell size, atrial fibrosis, TGF-β1 expression, P-wave duration, PR interval, AERP, inducibility, and duration of atrial fibrillation in group H were conspicuously increased (

p

< 0.05); compared with group H, there was no significant difference in the myocardial cell size, atrial fibrosis, TGF-β1 expression, and electrophysiological indexes in group SH upon spironolactone intervention (

p

> 0.05); compared with group H, the myocardial cell size, atrial fibrosis, the expression of TGF-β1, P-wave duration, PR interval, the inducibility, and duration of atrial fibrillation in the group SL and group SM were all decreased (

p

< 0.05); compared with group SM, the effect in the group SL was more prominent (

p

< 0.01). Conclusion. Hypertension can lead to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, deposition of interstitial fibrosis in myocardial tissue, and an increase in the vulnerability to atrial fibrillation. Spironolactone showed a certain dose-dependent effect in SHRs. Lower-dose spironolactone was superior to higher-dose spironolactone in the aspect of reducing hypertensive atrial fibrosis and TGF-β1 expression, as well as preventing the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.
Cancer in People with and without Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Comparison of Risk Before and After Introduction of Direct-Acting Antivirals
Authors: Lam Jennifer O. , Hurley Leo B. , Lai Jennifer B. , Saxena Varun , Seo Suk , Chamberland Scott , Quesenberry Charles P. , Champsi Jamila H. , Ready Joanna , Chiao Elizabeth Y. , Marcus Julia L. , Silverberg Michael J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background:
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver cancer. The association of HCV infection with extrahepatic cancers, and the impact of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment on these cancers, is less well known.

Methods:
We conducted a cohort study in a healthcare delivery system. Using electronic health record data from 2007 to 2017, we determined cancer incidence, overall and by type, in people with HCV infection and by DAA treatment status. All analyses included comparisons with a reference population of people without HCV infection. Covariate-adjusted Poisson models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios.

Results:
2,451 people with HCV and 173,548 people without HCV were diagnosed with at least one type of cancer. Compared with people without HCV, those with HCV were at higher risk for liver cancer [adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) = 31.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 28.9–34.0], hematologic cancer (aIRR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1–1.5), lung cancer (aIRR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.2–1.5), pancreatic cancer (aIRR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.6–2.5), oral/oropharynx cancer (aIRR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.8), and anal cancer (aIRR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1–2.4). Compared with people without HCV, the aIRR for liver cancer was 31.9 (95% CI = 27.9–36.4) among DAA-untreated and 21.2 (95% CI = 16.8–26.6) among DAA-treated, and the aIRR for hematologic cancer was 1.5 (95% CI = 1.1–2.0) among DAA-untreated and 0.6 (95% CI = 0.3–1.2) among DAA-treated.

Conclusions:
People with HCV infection were at increased risk of liver cancer, hematologic cancer, and some other extrahepatic cancers. DAA treatment was associated with reduced risk of liver cancers and hematologic cancers.

Impact:
DAA treatment is important for reducing cancer incidence among people with HCV infection.
Diagnosing CO2 emission-induced feedbacks between the Southern Ocean carbon cycle and the climate system: A multiple Earth System Model analysis using a water mass tracking approach
Authors: Roy Tilla , Sallée Jean Baptiste , Bopp Laurent , Metzl Nicolas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAnthropogenic CO2emission-induced feedbacks between the carbon cycle and the climate system perturb the efficiency of atmospheric CO2uptake by land and ocean carbon reservoirs. The Southern Ocean is a region where these feedbacks can be largest and differ most among Earth System Model projections of 21stcentury climate change. To improve our mechanistic understanding of these feedbacks, we develop an automated procedure that tracks changes in the positions of Southern Ocean water masses and their carbon uptake. In an idealised ensemble of climate change projections, we diagnose two carbon–concentration feedbacks driven by atmospheric CO2(due to increasing air-sea CO2partial pressure difference,dpCO2, and reducing carbonate buffering capacity) and two carbon–climate feedbacks driven by climate change (due to changes in the water mass surface outcrop areas and local climate impacts). Collectively these feedbacks increase the CO2uptake by the Southern Ocean and account for one-fifth of the global uptake of CO2emissions. The increase in CO2uptake is primarily dpCO2-driven, with Antarctic intermediate waters making the largest contribution; the remaining three feedbacks partially offset this increase (by ~25%), with maximum reductions in Subantarctic mode waters. The process dominating the decrease in CO2uptake is water mass-dependent: reduction in carbonate buffering capacity in Subtropical and Subantarctic mode waters, local climate impacts in Antarctic intermediate waters, and reduction in outcrop areas in circumpolar deep waters and Antarctic bottom waters. Intermodel variability in the feedbacks is predominatelydpCO2–driven and should be a focus of efforts to constrain projection uncertainty.
Outcome of Impella 2.5 use in patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Henan, China: a case series
Authors: Bhat Rafiq Ahmed , Ali Syed Manzoor , Rathi Akanksha , Bhat Javaid Akhter , Iqbal Raja Saqib , Islam Md Monowarul , Maqbool Syed , Tibrewal Abhishek , Qu Yongsheng , Zhang You , Sun Yuxiao , Xiao Wentao , Gao Chuanyu 
Published: September 2021

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) or heart failure is associated with an unacceptably high in-hospital mortality of 33%–55% and a lost chance to accept PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention). Aim: The aim of the study was to find out whether percutaneous hemodynamic support device Impella 2.5 improves prognosis of high-risk PCI patients or not. Methods: This study was a case series involving six patients who underwent a Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD, Impella 2.5, Abiomed, Danvers, MA) implantation after suffering from AMI with a very low ejection fraction and acute heart failure. The clinical experience and outcomes of the patients are hereby discussed. Results: All PCI procedures were safely completed under LVAD support. The hemodynamic parameters of all patients improved clinically over the next 30 days and following 12 months after Impella insertion except in two patients, of which one patient (Case number 6) died 4 days post-Impella protected PCI procedure due to acute left ventricle heart failure with cardiogenic shock and pulmonary oedema; and another one died at 12 months after Impella protected PCI procedure (Case number 4) due to decompensated heart failure and infected pneumonia. Conclusion: Percutaneous hemodynamic support is favorable and feasible during high risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). A bigger study is needed to substantiate the claims of the current study.
Developing and Piloting a Computerized Adaptive Test for a Culturally Appropriate Measure of Adaptive Behavior
Authors: Chen Mo , Nah Yong-Hwee , Waschl Nicolette , Poon Kenneth , Chen Ping 
Published: September 2021

Culturally bounded in nature, adaptive behavior is the degree to which a person meets the requirements of personal independence and social responsibilities. This study aimed to develop a computerized adaptive test (CAT) of a culturally appropriate adaptive behavior measure (i.e., the Activities and Participation Rating Scale [APRS]) in the Singapore context for children aged 7 to 12 years, that is, the CAT-APRS-Primary. In Study 1, an item bank consisting of 310 adaptive skills was developed and piloted among 56 caregivers. In Study 2, the refined 310 items were calibrated using Rasch analysis among 352 caregivers. After the removal of five poor items based on the Rasch analysis, the finalized 305 items were used for the CAT development, with these items showing good Rasch person and item fit statistics. Preliminary utility of the CAT-APRS-Primary was established, with participants completing 24 items on average. Limitations and implications for future research were discussed.