bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Model for Accelerating Rice Planting in Paddy Fields to Provide Food in Banten Province during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kardiyono  , Mulyaqin T , Susilawati P N , Haryani D , Setyowati I , Ismatul H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Indonesian government continues to ensure the availability of rice as a staple food through various programs, including optimization of paddy fields. Paddy field management is directed and encouraged more intensively by accelerating planting and minimizing idle land. The form of support and stimulation provided by the government to farmers is in the form of counseling and assistance, providing seed assistance, and facilitation of agricultural machinery and other facilities so that rice fields can be more intensive and productive. The study was conducted in Lebak Regency and Serang City, Banten Province from April to August 2020. Data and information were obtained through surveys and interviews with farmers, extension agents, researchers, and agricultural department officials. The research method used a systems approach based on soft systems methodology. The results of the study showed the acceleration of planting as an indicator of the optimization of wetland land in Lebak Regency and Serang City had been achieved as targeted. The role of the extension agents as a driving force was very decisive in the achievement of additional planting areas. The use of information technology, such as applications for monitoring standing crops, was very helpful for extension agents in detecting land to be planted, planting achievements, and reported data. The system of coordination and guidance between agencies and officers to accelerate planting was quite effective and efficient. Support and facilities for agricultural extension agents had to be improved to achieve accelerated planting performance.
Yield of Soybean and Corn Intercropping Farming in Rainfed Lowland in Central Lampung, Lampung Province
Authors: Slameto  , Meidaliyantisyah  , Lasmono Agung , Wibawa Wahyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Soybean and corn are strategic commodities to meet community needs. As the population increases, the demand for these commodities tends to increase. A breakthrough innovation is needed to increase food production. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of several varieties of corn and soybean growth using the intercropping system on rainfed lowland areas. The study was conducted in Central Lampung during the 3rd planting season from September to December 2019. The soybean varieties are Anjasmoro, Dena, Devon and local existing. Corn varieties are Nasa-29 and local existing. The intercropping system used corn-soybean pattern 2-7. The study involved 5 farmer cooperators. The results of the study indicated that the intercropping system provide the highest production of soybean and corn for local and existing varieties. The average corn production was 9340 kg/ha and the average soybean production was 1971 kg/ha. The intercropping system provides an increase in the cropping index from 100-150 to 200-300 on rainfed lowland
Quality of Growth Media and Yields of Allium ascolanicum L. on Ultisol Soil Combined with Rabbit Manure
Authors: Ikrarwati  , Syamsi N A , Sastro Y , Rusbana T B , Sudolar N R , Romadhonah Y 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Onion cultivation in pots is a solution of limited land in urban areas. Nevertheless, the onion productivity is constrained by the quality of planting media. The utilization of rabbit manure is an alternative to improve the quality of planting media. This study was aimed to determine the effect of rabbit manure level in the planting media on the growth and yield of onion, as well as the effect of rabbit manure on planting media quality. The method used was a completely randomized design with one factor and 12 replications. The treatment was rabbit manure level on growth media i.e. 0%; 25%; 50%; 75%; and 100%. Parameters measured were leaf lenght, number of leafss, diameter and weight of bulbs, pH of planting media, Cation exchange capacity (CEC), Sodium, Phosphor and Potassium. The results showed that 25%-50% rabbit manure in planting media produced the best on leaf lenght, number of leafs, diameter of bulbs, and weight of bulbs. The application of rabbit manure on ultisol soil media was able to increase pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity, vice versa decreased the content Potassium.
Optimization of Annealing Cycle and Temperature SNAP T12 Primer Distinguishing Markers for Male, Female and Hermaphrodite Plants in Papaya (Carica papaya L)
Authors: Noflindawati  , Anwar A , Sutanto A , Yusniwati  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Papaya has three types of efflorescense which are male flowers, female flowers, hermaphrodite. That was difficult to determine in advance for the type of flower that appear. The molecular technology approach is an effort to quickly predict the types of flowers that will appear. SNAP primers were designed based on SNP on genomic sequences of male papaya and hermaphrodite DNA. This research aimed to found the specific cycle and annealing temperature for PCR. The research was conducted at the in Indonesia Tropical Fruit Research Institute from January to March 2020. The SNAP primer used was T12, The plants used were papaya varieties of Pomegranate and local cultivar from male and hermaphrodite aged 8 months trees. The results showed that an annealing temperature of 59°C with a cycle of 28 times as effective in producing male DNA amplification on SNAP T2 reverse (R) primers and hermaphrodite DNA amplification plants appeared on alternate SNAP T12 primers (A) with a product size is 430 bp, while female plants did not occur. Amplification according to the SNAPT12 primer.
Implementation of Eco-friendly Technologies to Control Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice Disease (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae)
Authors: Kurniawati S , Astuti Y , Hidayat Y S , Susanti E Y 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) of rice (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) is one of the major diseases of rice which can cause 10-95% yield losses. One of the environmentally friendly control efforts is the implementation of a rice cultivation technology package using the Paenibacillus polymyxa as biological agens. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the technology package with the use of Paenibacillus polymyxa for controlling BLB disease and increasing production also profit analysis of farming. The research was conducted on 4 ha of rainfed rice fields in Malingping District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia. The environmental design used Nested Block Design with the three treatments:, an environmentally friendly control technology package (Paenibacillus polymyxa), a chemical control technology package (active ingredient methyl thiofanate), and farmers’ existing technology (pesticide mixture). Each treatment consisted of 2 varieties, Ciherang and Inpari 33, with 6 replications. The results showed that the application of environmentally friendly technology packages in the Ciherang variety was able to reduce the intensity of damage by 40.91% greater than the application of pesticides by farmers with an increase in production of 8.31-12.00%. The difference in the profits of farming was 10.52-22.85%.
Diversity Assessment of Mango (Mangifera spp) Plant Collection of Cibinong Germplasm Garden Based on Leaves Morphology and RAPD Markers
Authors: Anggraheni Y G D , Mulyaningsih E S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mango genetic diversity becomes the successful key factor of the mango breeding program. To obtain higher genetic diversity can be done through explorations of mango germplasm. This study aims to complete the morphology and genetic data characterization of the mango plant collection of Cibinong germplasm garden. The morphology analysis was carried out on the leaves character, while the genetic conducted using the RAPD marker. The data was analyzed using PAST 3.25 and PowerMarker 3.25 software. The result showed that 7 out of 11 leaves characters have diverse variation. The qualitative morphological observation showed that the leaves of Kweni have the largest shape among the others. The first principal component analysis with eigenvalue >1 explained that the diversity index of examined material was 51.4%. The colour of the young leaves character became the most influential character in leaves morphology diversity. The genetic analysis results using 13 RAPD markers showed the average of alleles number, main alleles frequency, genetic diversity, heterozygosity, and PIC values were 7.1; 0.47; 0.72; 0.99; and 0.70, respectively. The most informative marker used in this study was OPA18. Phylogenetic analysis based on leaf morphology and RAPD markers divided seven mango plants into two groups. The first group consisted of Manalagi69, Arumanis143, Cengkir Indramayu, Sibadak, Gedong Gincu, and Kweni, while the second group was Apel. The similarity index showed that Cengkir Indramayu and Sibadak has 85% similarity, while Apel has the lowest similarity with Arumanis143 and Kweni by only 68%. The morphology and genetic analysis in this study was expected to be the basis for developing a new superior variety and conservation of mango plant collection of Cibinong germplasm garden.
Characterization of Sugar Plant Seeds (Arenga pinnata Merr.) from Several Locations in Banten Province and Their Growth Response to the Provision of Liquid Organic Fertilizers
Authors: Kartina AM , Susiyanti  , Rusadi W A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study was aimed to observe the characterization of palm seeds (Arenga pinnata Merr.) from several locations in Banten as well as their growth response to the provision of liquid organic fertilizer. A research was conducted in two stages, namely the first stage was characterization of Sugar plant seeds from different locations by using a quantitative description method and the second stage was the study used an experimental design namely Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), with two Factors. The first Factor was Research Location (L), that was consisted of: Serang Regency Research Location (L1), Pandeglang Regency Research Location (L2), and Lebak Regency (L3). The second factor was the Type of Liquid Organic Fertilizer, that was consisted of: Liquid Organic Fertilizer of NAP type (P1), Molasses Liquid Organic Fertilizer (P2), and Liquid Organic Fertilizer of Bioconversion type (P3). The results showed that from 54 accessions of palm seedlings had a genetic coefficient value ranging from 0.33 to 1.00, which had two clusters, A with a genetic coefficient value of 0.80 or about 80% and cluster B with a coefficient value of 0.60 or about 60% which means they had a very close resemblance. A3 (Serang District) and C15 (Lebak Regency) were samples from different locations with different liquid organic fertilizer treatments but they had close similarities. The result also indicated of the combination of treatment from the location of the research with the type of liquid organic fertilizer showed that the origin of the location had a significant effect to all observed parameters of the origin of the location and there was no significant effect to the type of liquid organic fertilizer and the interaction of the origin of the location and the type of liquid organic fertilizer to all observed parameters.
The Symptomp Rate of Cocoa Pod Borer (Conopomorpha cramerella) due to the Combination of Several Concentrations of Neem (Azadiracta indica) Solution Given the Biosurfactant of Diethanolamide Olein Palm and Different Fruit Sizes
Authors: Nurmayulis  , Hastuti D , Eris F R , Mujahidah  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One of the main pests on the cocoa plant is the cocoa pod borer. The use of natural pesticides can be an alternative solution in overcoming cocoa pod borer to replace synthetic pesticides. Neem is a plant that can be used as a base for natural pesticides. The main ingredients of neem are azadirachtin, meliantriol, salanin, nimbin, and nimbidine. Azadirachtin does not directly kill pests but can affect the life cycle of pests, as food repellents, and as a repellent. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of attack of the cocoa pod borer (conopomorpha cramerella) due to the combination of several concentrations of neem (Azadiracta indica) solution. This research was conducted in a cocoa farm belonging to the residents of Lurang hamlet, Sukalaba Village, Gunung Sari District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. This research was conducted from November 2019 to April 2020. The experimental design used in this study was a one-factor combination of randomized block design repeated four times and the treatments were control, concentration of 15%, 25%, and 35% solution of young leaves and neem seeds plus palm olein biosurfactant diethanolamide (DEA) with fruit sizes 0.1-2.0 cm and 8.0-10.0 cm. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) then tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the 5% level. The results showed that the combination treatment of concentration 15% solution of young leaves and neem seeds added with 5% DEA biosurfactant olein palm with a fruit size of 0.1-2.0 cm and the combination treatment of concentration 35% solution of young leaves and neem seeds added with 5% DEA biosurfactant olein palm with a fruit size of 8.0-10.0 cm performed the best effect on attack intensity.
Combination of fish oil with rubber seed oil to the growth performance of catfish (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Syamsunarno M B , Tambunan I D G , Munandar A , Mustahal  , Putra A N , Herjayanto M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The rubber seed oil contains essential fatty acids, which may be required by cultured freshwater fish. Therefore, the research aimed to determine a combination of fish oil and rubber seed oil for catfish’s best growth performance (Clarias sp.). Isonitrogenous (33.23 ± 0.19%) and isoenergy (266.50 ± 0.09 DE kcal/100g) tested diets were used in the experiment. The fish oil was replaced by rubber seed oil at 0%, 15%, 25%, 35%, and 50%, respectively. Cyanide acid of rubber seed oil was reduced its content by stirring at 110 °C for 90 minutes to have as high as 0.47 ppm. Catfish fingerlings of 6.91 ± 0.04 g in individual weight were randomly distributed into 15 aquariums (60x40x40cm) each at a rate of 20 fingerlings and fed on the tested diet ad satiation for 40 days during the experimental period. The results showed that the increase in rubber seed oil to replace fish oil in the feed was not significantly different from the survival rate and nutrient retention in body catfish (P> 0.05). Furthermore, catfish were not poisoned by cyanide acid, indicated by catfish blood profile in the normal range at the end of rearing (P>0.05). The combination of fish oil and rubber seed oil by 50% gives optimal growth in catfish.
Combination Effect of Solid Waste of Gracilaria Extraction and Sargassum Powder on Nitrogen Content of Bio Fertilizer
Authors: Basmal J , Kusumawati R , Rahman N , Hanafia Z 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The solid waste of Gracilaria extraction contains agar, while Sargassum contains alginate. Both contain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, celite, micro and macronutrients, and plant growth promoters. In this research, the two ingredients were formulated to produce biofertilizers. The treatment given was a combination of solid waste of Gracilaria extraction (39, 48, 56, and 68%) with Sargassum flour (29, 20, 12, and 0%), while other organic matter became a fixed variable. The research aims to get the best combination of solid waste of Gracilaria extraction and Sargassum flour which produces the highest N content. The results showed that the best combination to produce the highest N content was LIA1 (39% solid waste of agar extraction and 29% Sargassum flour). However, LIA3 treatment (56% solid waste of agar extraction and 12% Sargassum flour) closed to the technical requirements of solid organic fertilizer. The characteristics of LIA3 fertilizer are 0.75% N content, 47.08% moisture content, 8.80 acidity degree, 6.85x109 cfu/g total bacteria and 41.95x104 cfu/g total mold.
Measurement of Fish Gelatin using Rotational Viscometer: An Alternative to Conventional Pipette Method
Authors: Agusman  , Suryanti  , Nurhayati  , Murdinah  , Wahyuni T 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The pipette method is a conventional method commonly used for determining the viscosity of gelatin. The purpose of this research was to study the use of a rotational viscometer to measure the viscosity of fish gelatin. The rotational viscometer has a wide measuring range and a limitation on low viscosity liquid measurements such as fish gelatin, so it is necessary to verify the sensitivity of the rotational viscometer to measure the viscosity of fish gelatin. In this study, low range manual rotational viscometer (MLV), low range digital rotational viscometer (DLV), low range digital rotational viscometer with low viscosity adapter (DLV + UL) were tested for their sensitivity to read standard solutions of 4.8 cP and 48.8 cP. The results showed that DLV + UL generated a high accuracy in reading 4.8 cP and 48.8 cP standard solutions with the recovery value of 102.5% and 99.5%, respectively. Measurement of the viscosity of commercial fish gelatin seven times obtained a coefficient of variance of 2.98% indicating a high degree of precision, with a recovery value of 103.54% of the value of the secondary reference material analysis certificate. The number of samples required for DLV + UL is 16 mL, while the conventional method required a sample of 100 mL. We proposed using DLV + UL for testing the viscosity of fish gelatin.
Effect of Trichoderma Addition on Sargassum Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Kusumawati R , Nurhayati  , Pangestu H E , Basmal J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Trichoderma is a fungus that can function as decomposers, biological agents, and stimulators of plant growth, bio fungicides so that agricultural plants can avoid diseases caused by poisonous fungi. This fungus can live in media containing seaweed by breaking down the seaweed’s carbohydrate macromolecules into simple sugars. Sargassum seaweed is now starting to be used as raw material for organic fertilizers and Trichoderma can be added to a certain amount of organic fertilizer formulations to produce biological fertilizers. For this reason, this study aims to find the best time to obtain the highest density of Trichoderma in organic fertilizer Sargassum and its characteristics. The highest density of Trichoderma in Sargassum SLF which received additional silage was obtained on the 21st day namely 1.3×106 cfu/mL, whereas in Sargassum SLF without silage on the 7th day namely 46×106 cfu/mL. Based on the comparison of chemical parameters between Sargassum SLF without silage and commercial SLF, it was known that Sargassum SLF was better in terms of c-organic content, macronutrients (P and K), and minerals (Na, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Al, Cd, and Mo).
Development of seed mass production of snakehead (Channa striata) in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra A , Syamsunarno M B , Sunarno M T D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Snakehead (Chana striata) has a strategic position in contributing to the national economy due to its albumin content which has been proven to have been used as biopharmaceutical for postoperative treatment. This has led to an increase in the exploitation of snakehead in nature which has depressed its population. The snakehead culture is the right step in supplying material demanded for biopharmaceutical industries. The success of the development of this snakehead culture requires support, among others, of the availability of sufficient seeds in number and time as well. This paper, therefore, discussed the strategy to develop seed mass production of snakehead in a controlled condition in Indonesia. The method used was a desk study, collecting published papers and personal observations related to snakehead hatchery. The data were analysed descriptively. The results of the study indicated that the bio-reproduction information of snakehead in nature can be used as a reference in the process of brood-stock management and larval culture under controlled conditions. Commercial and / or home-made fish diet containing protein of 38–42% can ripen gonads and spawn snakehead brooder using hormone stimulation in a hatchery. Water sources can use ground water and / or pipe that has been previously treated, especially setting the pH, alkalinity, hardness, and water temperature. Proper feeding strategies can increase the growth and production of snakehead fish seeds. This snakehead hatchery can be done both inside and outside its habitat.
Penetration of Microplastics (Polyethylene) to Several Organs of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Aryani D , Khalifa M A , Herjayanto M , Solahudin E A , Rizki E M , Halwatiyah W , Istiqomah H , Maharani S H , Wahyudin H , Pratama G 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Microplastics are a severe problem in several countries. Microplastics spread throughout the ecosystem both on aquatic and terrestrial. Those are very difficult to overcome as well as have an impact on the environment and affect food safety. This study aimed to know the penetration of microplastics into several organs in Nile tilapia. The experiment was conducted by given 30 grams of microplastic (a type of polyethylene scrub) into an aquarium (15 L) containing five fish (consumption size) for seven days. The results showed that microplastic penetration occurred in the blood, gills, gonads, intestines, liver, muscles, and stomach. These results explain that during a week of rearing, the fish have been exposed to microplastics. It was very dangerous for human health issues if consumed.
Economic Resilience of Fishermen Community During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hamzah A , Nurdin H S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has significant impact on the fisheries sector, especially the distribution process of fish, including the potential paralysis of economic life in the form of declining revenues due to the dissolution of the marketing chain of fish from the fishermen to consumers. This study aims to analyze the economic resilience of fishermen communities; and identifying their adaptation patterns. The method used in this research was qualitative descriptive analysis. The result divided into two acts, the act of fishing-related operations and actions outside the fishing activities. In the fishing activity, most actions performed by the fishermen were fishing frequency (33.6%), adjustment of fishing cost (28.9%) and the adjustment of the number of crew (37.5%). For actions outside of fishing activities, most fishermen during this pandemic often borrowed money from customers (48.7%) and from relatives (46.9%). In addition, some fishermen also pawned their assets (2.5%) and some even sold their assets (1.8%). Fishermen resilience actions in the Karangantu ANP are classified as low, namely 69.6%. The factors that influence the number of resilience measures are the government assistance dummy, ship/vessel ownership dummy, and there is a patron-client relationship.
The Development Design of Venturi Type Protein Skimmer for Mariculture Land Base System
Authors: Susanto A , Herjayanto M , Alimudin  , Budiaji W , Priyantono E , Guna N A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The sustainability of mariculture activities is very dependent on how water is managed. One of the important qualities of water is dissolved oxygen which can be dissolved from the diffusion of air bubbles released by the diffuser. The use of conventional aeration (stone aeration diffuser) has problems due to the macro size of the air bubbles. One solution is to use venturi which produces microbubbles. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the skimmer design using venturi and the resulting dissolved oxygen values. As a comparison, this study also observed dissolved oxygen from the stone aeration diffuser. This research was conducted without using test organisms. The results showed that venturi can create fine air bubbles. The dissolved oxygen value in the skimmer system using the venturi was higher than the stone aeration diffuser.