bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel clinical biomarkers in blood and pleural effusion for diagnosing patients with tuberculosis distinguishing from malignant tumor
Authors: Wang Jian , Feng Zhe-Xiang , Ren Tao , Meng Wei-Yu , Khan Imran , Fan Xing-Xing , Pan Hu-Dan , Liu Liang , Tang Yi-Jun , Yao Xiao-Jun , Li Run-Ze , Wang Mei-Fang , Leung Elaine Lai-Han 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Pleural effusion (PE) is a common manifestation of tuberculosis and malignant tumors, but it is difficult to distinguish tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and malignant pleural effusion (MPE), especially by non-invasive detection indicators. We aimed to find effective detection indexes in blood and PE for differentiating patients with tuberculosis from a malignant tumor.
Methods

815 patients were collected who diagnosed with tuberculosis or cancer at Taihe hospital from 2014 to 2017. 717 patients were found to have PE by thoracoscopy. The clinical characteristics, patients’ blood parameters, and PE indicators information were summarized for analysis.
Results

The patients with MPE had higher percentages to be bloody and negative of Rivalta test in PE than patients with TPE. Then for clinical indicators, comparing specific parameters in blood, we observed 18 indicators were higher in the TPE group than in the MPE group. On contrast, 12 indicators were higher in the MPE group than in the TPE group (p < 0.01). In addition, in PE tests, we found there were 3 parameters higher in TPE and other 4 parameters higher in MPE patients group (p < 0.01). Then for clinical diagnosing practice, ROC and PCA analysis were applied. Top six relevant indicators with AUC value over 0.70 were screened out: pADA (0.90), pHsCRP (0.79), sMONp (0.75), sHsCRP (0.73), sESR (0.71), and sD-dimer (0.70). Moreover, with the Logistic regression model, a specific combination of 3 biomarkers pADA, sMONp, and sHsCRP could enhance distinguishing tuberculosis from malignant tumor patients with PE (AUC=0.944, 95% CI=0.925-0.964). For the top single marker pADA, we further analyzed its diagnostic function in patients with different group and observed it kept the high specificity and sensitivity.
Conclusions

The six indicators of pADA, pHsCRP, sMONp, sHsCRP, sESR and sD-dimer showed significant diagnostic value for clinicians. Further, the combination of pADA, sMONp, and sHsCRP has high accuracy for differential diagnosis for the first time. Mostly interestingly, pADA single marker maintained high specificity and sensitivity in patients with different status, which has great value for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of suspected cases.
An Investigation Into The Mathematical and Physical Origins of The Fine-Structure Constant
Authors: Williams Lamont 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The fine-structure constant, α, unites fundamental aspects of electromagnetism, quantum physics, and relativity. As such, it is one of the most important constants in nature. However, why it has the value of approximately 1/137 has been a mystery since it was first identified more than 100 years ago. To date, it is an ad hoc feature of the Standard Model, as it does not appear to be derivable within that body of work — being determined solely by experimentation. This report presents a mathematical formula for α that results in an exact match with the currently accepted value of the constant. The formula requires that a simple corrective term be applied to the value of one of the factors in the suggested equation. Notably, this corrective term, at approximately 0.023, is similar in value to the electron anomalous magnetic moment value, at approximately 0.0023, which is the corrective term that needs to be applied to the g-factor in the equation for the electron spin magnetic moment. In addition, it is shown that the corrective term for the proposed equation for α can be derived from the anomalous magnetic moment values of the electron, muon, and tau particle — values that have been well established through theory and/or experimentation. This supports the notion that the corrective term for the α formula is also a real and natural quantity. The quantum mechanical origins of the lepton anomalous magnetic moment values suggest that there might be a quantum mechanical origin to the corrective term for α as well. This possibility, as well as a broader physical interpretation of the value of α, is explored.
Utilisation of Emergency Contraception Among Final Year University Female Students
Authors: Nachinab Gilbert Ti-enkawol , Asumah Mubarick Nungbaso , Yakong Vida Nyagre , Pwamang Edwina , Awe Cynthia Apawo , Alowri Freda 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

Unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion have become serious public health concerns around the world, particularly among female students in both developed and developing countries. The general objective of this study was to investigate the utilization of emergency contraception among final-year female students of a public university in Ghana.
Methods

A stratified random sample was used to enroll 199 female university students for descriptive cross-sectional research. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the data. To compare categorical variables, Chi-square analysis was employed, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results

Majority (88.4%) of the respondents demonstrated sufficient knowledge, and 84.4% had a favorable attitude towards emergency contraceptives (ECs). On the indications for EC; after unprotected sex (65.3%), after a missed period (22.6%), when one is raped (83.4%), unwanted pregnancy (75.9%), and rupture of condoms (88.9%) were identified. The majority (59.3%) of students have used EC, with most of the students (43.7%) using Postinor-2. The overall attitude towards EC and Residence (X2=7.5; p=0.023), Religion (X2=6.2; p=0.042), and marital status (X2=17.1, p=0.001) were statistically significant. There was a significant association between the use of EC and Residence (X2=10.9; p=0.004) and marital status (X2=8.6; p=0.035).
Conclusion

The findings of this study indicated that students had a high degree of awareness, understanding, and attitude about EC, with a significant number of the respondents likely to utilize it in the future. This may aid in the treatment of female students' sexual and reproductive health issues and prevent dropping out of school as a result of unwanted pregnancy. Also, there is the need to engage opinion leaders to address their concerns to allow for the effective utilization of emergency contraceptives.
Chemical Composition, A Ntimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities and of Essential Oil from Actinidia Arguta
Authors: Wang Hongling , Quan Hongxin , Sun Tianli , Wang Zhuo , Yang Yuhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of essential oil from Actinidiatg arguta (AEO) were evaluated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified 56 chemical compounds, with the most abundant being Squalene (23.08%), γ-sitrostorol (8.10%), and β-Tocopherol (7.01%). Whereas the AEO had significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it showed mild efficacy against Bacillus subtilis and Microsporum canis . On the contrary, the Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were not susceptible to the AEO pressure. On the other hand, the AEO exhibited strong antioxidant activity against DPPH, β-carotene, and hydroxyl radicals, having an IC 50 values of 117.60, 73.60 and 35.15 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, compared to the PC-3 or HT-29 cell lines, the A549 cells were more susceptible to the AEO (IC 50 ; 6.067 mg/mL). Besides, the confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging showed that 16 mg/mL of the AEO induced apoptosis in the A549 cell lines. Our data indicate that the AEO might be useful in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
RDD-Eclat: Approaches to Parallelize Eclat Algorithm on Spark RDD Framework (Extended Version)
Authors: Singh Pankaj , Singh Sudhakar , Mishra P K , Garg Rakhi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Frequent itemset mining (FIM) is a highly computational and data intensive algorithm. Therefore, parallel and distributed FIM algorithms have been designed to process large volume of data in a reduced time. Recently, a number of FIM algorithms have been designed on Hadoop MapReduce, a distributed big data processing framework. But, due to heavy disk I/O, MapReduce is found to be inefficient for the highly iterative FIM algorithms. Therefore, Spark, a more efficient distributed data processing framework, has been developed with in-memory computation and resilient distributed dataset (RDD) features to support the iterative algorithms. On this framework, Apriori and FP-Growth based FIM algorithms have been designed on the Spark RDD framework, but Eclat-based algorithm has not been explored yet. In this paper, RDD-Eclat, a parallel Eclat algorithm on the Spark RDD framework is proposed with its five variants. The proposed algorithms are evaluated on the various benchmark datasets, and the experimental results show that RDD-Eclat outperforms the Spark-based Apriori by many times. Also, the experimental results show the scalability of the proposed algorithms on increasing the number of cores and size of the dataset.
Impact of Climate Change on Residential Electricity in Western Cities in China
Authors: Xia Cuihui , Yao Tandong , Hou Haowen , Wang Pengling 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Extreme weather induced by climate change has triggered large-scale power outages worldwide. More insight into the climate impact (especially precipitation) on residential electricity consumption (REC) is needed. With a particular focus on precipitation, our study aimed to quantify the climate impact on REC and project associated changes under the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 climate change scenarios in Lanzhou and Lhasa, two western cities in China. The climate impact on REC in both cities is driven by heating-related demand, with Lanzhou being more sensitive to climate than Lhasa during the warm season. There is a stronger precipitation impact during the cold season in both cities, since precipitation (especially snowfall) boosts electricity consumption during the cold season. As the two cities become warmer and wetter, precipitation will offset the impact of warming on REC, with Lanzhou being more affected. Based on Lanzhou projections, the offsetting effect will be more pronounced in the cold season across all scenarios, and will be particularly strong under RCP 2.6. For the remainder of the year, the effects of increased precipitation and warming will have competing importance under the RCP 4.5 scenario, whereas temperature effects will generally dominate the climate impact under the RCP 8.5 scenario. Our results provide new references for future climate–energy studies in western China and can help inform policy-making on regional climate adaptation. We also propose an algorithm model that is readily compatible with potential early-warning projects to protect against extreme weather-induced power outages.
Zinc Phosphate Nanoparticles: A Review on Physical, Chemical, and Biological
Synthesis and their Applications
Authors: Rahimnejad Mostafa , Sadeghi-Aghbash Mona 
Published: November 2021

:
Nanotechnology is considered one of the emerging fields of science that has influenced di-verse applications, including food, biomedicine, and cosmetics. The production and usage of materials with nanoscale dimensions like nanoparticles are attractive parts of nanotechnology. Among different nanoparticles, zinc phosphate nanoparticles have attracted attention due to their biocompatibility, bi-osafety, non-toxicity, and environmental compatibility. These nanoparticles could be employed in vari-ous applications like anticorrosion, antibacterial, dental cement, glass ceramics, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. A variety of physical, chemical, and green synthesis methods have been used to synthe-size zinc phosphate nanoparticles. All these methods have some limitations along with certain ad-vantages. Chemical approaches may cause health risks and environmental problems due to the toxicity of hazardous chemicals used in these techniques. Moreover, physical methods require high amounts of energy as well as expensive instruments. However, biological methods are free of chemical contami-nants and eco-friendly. This review is aimed to explore different methods for the synthesis of zinc phosphate nanoparticles, including physical, chemical, and more recently, biological approaches (using various sources such as plants, algae, and microorganisms). Also, it summarizes the practicable applica-tions of zinc phosphate nanoparticles as anticorrosion pigment, dental cement, and drug delivery agents.
Perspective on the Relationship between GABAA Receptor Activity and the
Apparent Potency of an Inhibitor
Authors: Germann Allison L. , Pierce Spencer R. , Evers Alex S. , Steinbach Joe Henry , Akk Gustav 
Published: November 2021

Background :
In electrophysiological experiments inhibition of a receptor-channel, such as the GABAA receptor, is measured by co-applying an agonist producing a predefined control response with an inhibitor to calculate the fraction of the control response remaining in the presence of the inhibitor. The properties of the inhibitor are determined by fitting the inhibition concentration-response relationship to the Hill equation to estimate the midpoint (IC50) of the inhibition curve.

Objective:
We sought to estimate here the sensitivity of the fitted IC50 to the level of activity of the control response.

Methods:
The inhibition concentration-response relationships were calculated for models with distinct mechanisms of inhibition. In Model I, the inhibitor acts allosterically to stabilize the resting state of the receptor. In Model II, the inhibitor competes with the agonist for a shared binding site. In Model III, the inhibitor stabilizes the desensitized state.

Results:
The simulations indicate that the fitted IC50 of the inhibition curve is sensitive to the degree of activity of the control response. In Models I and II, the IC50 of inhibition was increased as the probability of being in the active state (PA) of the control response increased. In Model III, the IC50 of inhibition was reduced at higher PA.

Conclusions:
We infer that the apparent potency of an inhibitor depends on the PA of the control response. While the calculations were carried out using the activation and inhibition properties that are representative of the GABAA receptor, the principles and conclusions apply to a wide variety of receptor-channels.
One-Pot Solvent- and Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Some New Heteroarylaminonaphthoquinones from Lawsone
Authors: Olyaei Abolfazl , Rahmani Nilufar , Sadeghpour Mahdieh , Mohamadi Amir 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
A clean and efficient one-pot protocol for the synthesis of a series of new 2-hydroxy-3-
((3-aryl)(heteroarylamino)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione derivatives has been developed by the
three-component reaction of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione, aromatic aldehydes, and heterocyclic
amines at 90 oC under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions. The procedure avoids the use of toxic
solvents, tedious work-up, catalyst, and purification of the products by chromatographic methods.
Simple operation, short reaction times, generation of the desired compounds in high to excellent
yields, and an environmentally benign method are advantages of this protocol.
Recent Patents on Concrete Pavers of Coalmines
Authors: Yang Daolong , Cao Zhan , Ma Xiaolei , Wang Yanxiang , Wang Songquan , Chen Tianchi 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Concrete pavers are self-propelled units used in concrete pavement construction
that have of paving, vibrating, and leveling functions. The existing concrete pavers have a
large size, making it difficult for them to enter underground roadways, and it is difficult to adjust the
paving equipment in real time when the width of the underground roadway is deformed.

Objective:
To realize intelligent concrete paving in coal mine roadways, based on the analysis of
recent concrete paver patents, this paper proposes an intelligent virtual paving system based on 3D
infrared scanning imaging.

Method:
The intelligent virtual paving system, which uses multiple groups of 3D infrared scanners
and signal processing systems, can collect and analyze 3D images in the roadway and perform virtual
paving in the computer. This system can obtain the required parameters of roadway paving,
such as the feeding amount, driving speed, limiter height, and width of the synovium, as well as give
the initial paving parameters.

Results:
In the actual paving process, through virtual paving parameters, the feeding amount and
accelerator can be regulated in real time, and the difference between the actual paving and virtual
paving can be judged to change the paving width in real time.

Conclusion:
Intelligent virtual paver systems have a guiding significance for the improvement of
existing paver systems.
A Review of Various Pharmacological Effects of Quercetin with its Barriers and Approaches for Solubility and Permeability Enhancement
Authors: Mishra Rakesh , Kulkarni Shweta 
Published: November 2021

Background:Quercetin, one of the most beneficial flavonoids, has been included in the human diet due to its therapeutic effect on health. Recently, quercetin has been gaining scientific attraction for its multifarious activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-arthritic activities and its function in easing some cardiovascular diseases. However, these applications of quercetin in the pharmaceutical field are limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and poor permeability.Objective:The present review summarizes various pharmacological activities of quercetin, analyzes the barriers like solubility and permeability, which restrict the therapeutic efficiency of quercetin, and also discusses novel approaches to enhance aqueous solubility and permeability of quercetin for its effective clinical use.Methods:The current review information sources were peer-reviewed relevant scientific articles of recognized journals from scientific engines and databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar) using different keywords related to quercetin pharmacological effects, mechanism, solubility, permeability, absorption barriers, and formulation approaches.Results:Various novel approaches, including solid dispersions, inclusion complex, pro-drugs, nanoemulsion, micelles, liposomes, SNEEDS, and microspheres, have been developed to overcome the solubility and permeability barriers for efficient quercetin delivery.Conclusion:This review revealed that the multifaceted pharmacological activities of quercetin for the management of various diseases are enormously dependent on the development of novel and safe drug delivery systems of quercetin.
Impact of parental bonding on academic resilience
Authors: Pandoh Khushboo , Sharma Shilpa 
Published: November 2021

Parent-child relationships are silent predictors for fostering the resilience in the academic arena of children. Parental bonding denotes the intensive attachment that develops between parental and their children through the process of mutual relations. In the field of academic it removes the adversity on part of child and makes him capable to face the academic and personal challenges effectively. Parental bonding emerged as an effective temperament that influences the academic associated activities of the child. It provides an anti-maltreatment approach for shaping the physical, psychological and academic capital of students. The survival and development of the child is mainly based on parental bonding. Parental bonding provides an abundant opportunity for children to boast their own pace in the field of learning. Parental bonding as a life span development has deeply rooted right from the infancy stage to last moments of life by establishing toddler relationship with mother father of primary caregiver. In the later stages of life, parental bonding gradually develops the resilience among children and make them enough competent to cope the stress and challenges in the field of academies. Indian education system is at stake because there is prevalence of heavy overload of academics and tough competition.
Jakość życia pacjentów ze schizofrenią
Authors: Okroj Agnieszka 
Published: November 2021

Wstęp. Schizofrenia jest chorobą psychiczną, którą charakteryzuje zróżnicowany obraz i przebieg kliniczny, charakteryzuje się przede wszystkim zakłóceniami myślenia i postrzegania, a także niedostosowanym i spłyconym afektem. Etiopatogeneza nie jest do końca znana, jedną z uznawanych teorii jest udział czynników biopsychospołecznych, w tym stresu. Wiek zachorowania przypada zazwyczaj na okres wczesnej dorosłości – u kobiet jest to 25–34 rok życia, a u mężczyzn 15 –24 rok życia.
Cel. Celem badań była ocena jakości życia w kontekście domen życia pacjentów ze schizofrenią.
Materiały i metody. Badaniem objęto grupę 100 pacjentów leczonych w Szpital Lipno Sp. z o.o. , u których zdiagnozowano schizofrenię. Wiek badanych mieścił się w zakresie 18–75 lat. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz SQLS-R4 (Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale Revision 4) poszerzony o autorską metryczkę.
Wyniki. Respondenci dokonując subiektywnej oceny jakości życia określili jako stan zadawalający. Jakość życia w sferze witalnej była na wyższym poziomie niż w domenie psychospołecznej oraz ogólnym zadowoleniu.
Wnioski. Schizofrenia to schorzenia, które w istotny sposób przyczynia się do obniżenia poziomu jakości życia głównie w domenie psychospołecznej.
Kategorie zachowań zdrowotnych pacjentów przed wystąpieniem zawału mięśnia sercowego w zależności od wybranych zmiennych socjodemograficznych
Authors: Cecot Natalia , Kańkowska Daria 
Published: November 2021

Wstęp. Zawał mięśnia sercowego zalicza się do grupy ostrych zespołów wieńcowych. Jest to grupa schorzeń, która cechuje się wystąpieniem zaburzeń w krążeniu wieńcowym, co prowadzi do ograniczenia lub całkowitego ustania przepływu krwi w tętnicach wieńcowych. Ostry zawał serca są najczęstszą przyczyną zgonów osób poniżej 75 roku życia w Polsce, ale także w Europie.
Cel. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena kategorii zachowań zdrowotnych pacjentów przed wystąpieniem zawału mięśnia sercowego w zależności od wybranych zmiennych socjodemograficznych. Czynniki ryzyka zawału mięśnia sercowego można podzielić na dwie grupy: modyfikowalne (zależne) i niemodyfikowalne (niezależne). Do czynników, które zależą od stylu życia człowieka zalicza się: zaburzenia lipidowe, palenie tytoniu, nadwagę, nadciśnienie tętnicze, cukrzycę, stres oraz nadmierne spożywanie alkoholu. Czynniki niemodyfikowalne to płeć, wiek oraz czynniki genetyczne.
Materiał i metody. Materiał badań stanowiły osoby po przebytym zawale mięśnia sercowego. Było to stu pacjentów hospitalizowanych w Oddziale Kardiologii i Oddziale Intensywnego Nadzoru Kardiologicznego w Szpitalu Wielospecjalistycznym im. dr. Ludwika Błażka w Inowrocławiu. Wybrano metodę szacowania, zastosowano technikę badawczą w postaci ankiety. Narzędziem badawczym wykorzystanym w pracy był kwestionariusz Inwentarza Zachowań Zdrowotnych oraz autorska metryczka.
Wyniki. Prawidłowe nawyki żywieniowe oraz pozytywne nastawienie psychiczne było prezentowane na takim samym poziomie zarówno wśród kobiet jak i mężczyzn. Kobiety uzyskiwały wyższe wyniki w kategorii zachowań profilaktycznych niż mężczyźni. Odwrotnie proporcjonalne wyniki uzyskano w kategorii praktyki zdrowotne. Respondenci z wykształceniem zawodowym osiągali najwyższe wyniki spośród innych respondentów w kategorii określającej prawidłowe nawyki żywieniowe. Najwyższy wskaźnik zachowań profilaktycznych odnotowano z kolei u osób z wykształceniem średnim (...).