bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there any difference in pulmonary testing parameters due to spirometry reference values? A study in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Politarczyk K , Stepniak Ł , Kozinoga M , Kotwicki T 
Published: June 2021

The Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI 2012) presented multi-ethnic spirometry reference values that are recommended to be used instead previous Zapletals’ reference values. The study aimed to compare the values of the pulmonary parameters calculated according to the Zapletals’ versus the GLI 2012 reference values in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Preoperative pulmonary testing and radiographic evaluation were performed in 39 adolescents (29 females, 10 males) aged 12–17 years. The thoracic Cobb angle ranged 50°–104°. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured. The percentages of predicted values of FVC (%FVC) and the FEV1 (%FEV1) were calculated according to the Zapletals’ reference values and to the GLI 2012 reference values. The subgroup analysis was performed for the subjects with Cobb curve 50°–74° (N=26) versus the subjects with Cobb curve 75°–104° (N=13). Mean %FVC was significantly higher using the Zapletals’ reference values 86.1%±16.4 versus 84.6%±15.6 using the GLI 2012 reference values, p=0.0116. Mean %FEV1 was significantly higher using the Zapletals’ reference values 84.5%±18.2 versus 80.0%±16.3 using GLI 2012 reference values, p=0.000001. The subgroup analysis revealed significant difference of %FVC in moderate (p=0.033974) and no difference in severe curves (p=0.1993). The %FEV1 differences were significant in both moderate (p=0.000011) and severe curves (p=0.0334). The study demonstrated that a significant difference might be observed in the spirometry parameters due to the applied reference values. These differences might be taken into account during the spirometry examination interpretation.
Impact of Netspeak on the Writing Skills of Generation X and Generation Y
Authors: Tahir Rameen , Hassan Fiza 
Published: June 2021

This research focuses on the impact of netspeak on the formal writing skills of the users. It is labelled as the hub of slang and informal language content by many experts. The current analysis accounts for five objectives including the identification of the prime causative factors responsible for deviation in the use of the standard variety, the appliance of the impact of Netspeak on formal writing, the nature of its impact (positive or negative), the assessment of its impact with reference to age and on the basis of the kind of response netspeak receives from the living generations, determining its sustainability. The objectives are attained through a questionnaire, collecting responses from the individuals belonging to Generation X and Generation Y. This study proposes that the influence of mother tongue and code switching are the prime causative factors of netspeak. The research further showcases the impact of the electronic variety on the users’ formal writing skills which can disturb their formal linguistic framework; however, the variety on its own has been indicated previously as a handy tool for the users. Focusing on the factor of age neutrality, the current study suggests that although Generation X is more inclined towards the use of the standard variety, yet it remains quite open-minded towards the existence and usage of the new variety on social media, stating it to be a “feature of the progressive world”. The research reflects the enthralling nature of netspeak which has massively contributed to its popularity. It was inferred that neither the platform (the digital world) is losing its power nor the users are in the mood of giving up on it in the near future. It can be said that it’s a budding variety for the people by the people, born to live, thus strengthening the sustainability argument.
Maqasid Sharī‘ah -Based Multidimensional Criticism toward the Implementation of Indonesian Pre-Employment Card (Kartu Prakerja) Program Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rosidin  , Andriani Fenty , Fitriani Aprilya 
Published: June 2021

Indonesia recognizes the magnitude of the economic impact of Covid-19 outbreak for the low, middle, and high levels. As a solution, the Government has issued the Pre-Employment Card (Kartu Prakerja) Program that provided for households or individuals affected by Covid-19. However, since its launch on April 11, 2020, the Pre-Employment Program has been controversial and criticized by users, public and public figures. Therefore, this research aims to sharpen the criticism of the Pre-Employment Program from the perspective of Maqasid Sharī‘ah which represents the main objectives of Islamic law, which is multidimensional, because it includes aspects of religion (hifz al-dīn), biopsychology (al-nafs), education (al-‘aql), social (al-nasl) and economic (al-mal). This research applied qualitative research methods of library research and presented in the form of descriptive-analytic. There are five findings of this research. First, from a religious perspective, the implementation of the Pre-Employment Program in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic brought more harm (mudarāt) than benefit (maslahat). Second, from the perspective of biopsychology, the Pre-Employment Program risks creating doubtful income (shubhat even haram), psychological pressure and nutritional needs neglect. Third, from an education perspective, online training which is part of the Pre-Employment Program, is considered ineffective, both in terms of training materials that do not produce job competence, or training participation which is at risk of fictitious. Fourth, from a social perspective, the Pre-Employment Program creates discriminatory policies, conflicts of interest and human rights violations. Fifth, from an economic perspective, the Pre-Employment Program creates waste, monopoly and the potential for corruption.
In vitro modeling of tumor interclonal interactions using breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Bychkov V.A. , Pevzner A.M. , Nebova J.A. , Ermakova N.N. , Ibragimova M.K. , Tsyganov M.M. , Lyapunova L.S. , Litviakov N.V. 
Published: June 2021

Summary. Aim: To study the peculiarities of ecological relationships of breast cancer (BC) cell lines MCF-7, BT-474 and MDA-MD-231 under co-culturing conditions. Materials and Methods: Three BC cell lines: luminal A — MCF-7, luminal B — BT-474 and triple-negative — MDA-MD-231 were co-cultured pairwise. Immunocytochemistry was used to differentiate the cell lines in the wells. The effect of the cell-free culture medium on the growth rate of the alternate cell line in the pair was also evaluated. Results: It was shown that when BT-474 cells were co-cultured with MCF-7 and BT-474 cells were co-cultured with MDA-MD-231, two types of ecological interactions could be observed: commensalism and amensalism, respectively. While the cells do not interact with each other in contact, the supernatants of single cultures of MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231 exert the same effect on BT-474 as co-cultivation of BT-474 with these cells. Conclusions: The paracrine mechanism of intercellular interaction between different human BC cell lines has been demonstrated. The models used in population ecology can be applicable to identify the types of interaction between cell lines.
A variant of TP53 gene (rs 1625895, 13494g>A) is associated with neoplasm localization in patients with uterine leiomyoma
Authors: Kornatska A.G. , Flaksemberg М.А. , Chubei G.V. , Trokhymovych О.V. , Rossokha Z.I. , Fishchuk L.Ye. , Medvedieva N.L. , Vershyhora V.O. , Gorovenko N.G. 
Published: June 2021

Summary. Background: Uterine leiomyoma (UL) is the most common benign neoplasm of the uterus. It is still unknown surely what exactly initiates transformation of the uterine myometrial cells into UL. Aim: To study the effect of the TP53 gene variants on the risk of development and clinical features of UL. Materials and Methods: Case-control study was performed using molecular genetic analyses of variants rs1042522 (119 G>C) and rs1625895 (13494G>A) of TP53 gene in patients with UL and comparison group of healthy women. Results: Investigated TP53 gene variants were not associated with the risk of UL development. The patients with the 13494GG genotype (rs1625895) had significantly more often subserous UL (р < 0.05). In patients with heterozygous variant of TP53 — 13494GA genotype (rs1625895) intramural UL was observed (р < 0.05). Conclusions: The rs1625895 (13494G>A) variant of TP53 gene was associated with UL localization. The identified dependence of the UL localization on the TP53 gene variant could be useful for personalized approach to treatment.
Evaluation of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma patients based on expression of miR-99b, -144, -210, -222, -302а and -377 in tumor tissue
Authors: Vitruk Yu.V. , Semko S.L. , Voylenko O.A. , Pikul M.V. , Borikun T.V. , Zadvornyi T.V. , Yalovenko T.M. , Stakhovsky E.O. , Rossylna O.V. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common solid tumors in adults highly resistant to conventional therapies. The expression profile of a number of miRNAs correlates with RCC response to chemotherapeutic agents. Aim: To identify the association of tumor miRNAs expression with neoadjuvant treatment response in patients with RCC. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the expression levels of tumor miR-99b, -144, -155, -210, -222, -302а, -377 in 93 RCC patients who received pazopanib or sunitinib in neoadjuvant regimen using RT-PCR. RNU48 was used as a reference miRNA. Results: The levels of expression of miR-99b and -377 are associated with the RCC response to pazopanib, and microRNA-210 and -377 to sunitinib. The characteristic expression profile of miR-99b, -144, -222, -377, and miR-302a determined in 90% of cases was delineated in pazopanib responders as opposed to nonresponders. Similarly, the characteristic expression profile of miR-210, -222, -302a and -377 was suggested for sunitinib responders. Conclusions: Levels of miR-99b, -210 and -377 expression in RCC tumor tissue might be used as a basis for future predictive panel intended for the assessment of the sensitivity to the regimens of neoadjuvant RCC treatment.
TINGKAT MANAJEMEN DAN MANAJER BESERTA FUNGSI-FUNGSI MANAJEMEN
Authors: Anisa Citra Ayu 
Published: July 2021

Dalam suatu pekerjaan atau kegiatan terdapat bagian yang sangat penting yang diharuskan ada di setiap pekerjaan atau kegiatan yang biasa disebut dengan bagian manajemen. Dalam sebuah bagian manajemen terdapat kerangka pencapaian tujuan yang dapat dikelompokkan dalam beberapa tingkat manajemen, yaitu Top Management, Middle Management, and Lower Management yang dapat mempermudah pembagian dan pengelolaan tanggung jawab dan penugasan pada setiap kelompok yang dibentuk. Dalam pengelompokan tingkat manajemen tersebut, berdampak pada tipe tanggung jawab dan tugas yang berbeda-beda dari pelaku atau pelaksana yang secara umum disebut dengan manager. Tingkat manajemen dalam organisasi akan membagi manajer menjadi tiga golongan yang berbeda, yaitu Manajer Lini Pertama, Manajer Menengah, dan Manajer Puncak yang memiliki tanggung jawab dan tugas yang berbeda-beda pula.Berdasarkan pernyataan tersebut, dalam proses pelaksanaan manajemen terdapat manajer yang bertanggung jawab untuk pelaksanaan sebuah program manajemen. Dalam hal ini manajer akan melakukan berbagai aktivitas yang dibentuk dari beberapa kegiatan tertentu yang disebut dengan fungsi – fungsi manajemen yang telah disusun dan disepakati sebelum sebuah program manajemen dimulai. Fungsi – fungsi manajemen tersebut adalah faktor yang berperan cukup besar dalam menentukan persentase tercapainya tujuan dari sebuah program manajemen.
Teachers’ understanding towards concepts and processes of children's literacy
Authors: Elfiadi Elfiadi 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe the understanding and process of implementing literacy in early childhood. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were used through observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects were Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers in Lhokseumawe. Ten teachers were selected using purposive sampling technique from five kindergartens; Pertiwi Kindergarten, Bunayya, Safiatuddin and Ukhtani. The results showed that: (1) the understanding of ECE teachers in Lhokseumawe interpreted the concept of literacy as a basic skill that children must have in reading, writing, and speaking. Introduction of literacy for early childhood as initial preparation to master reading, writing and speaking skills so that early childhood becomes more prepared to face education at the next level, Elementary School or Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, (2) The process of implementing literacy in ECE institutions is generally carried out in various forms of play activities and children's daily habit and using various forms of methods and media or educational toys.
Pembentukan Keluarga Shaleh Dalam Komunikasi Islam: Studi Komparasi Penafsiran Al-Qur’an
Authors: Roni Muhammad , Anzaikhan M. 
Published: June 2021

Pembentukan keluarga shaleh seharusnya bukan hanya dimulai ketika dalam masa kandungan, lebih dari itu Islam melalui sumber ajarannya menuntun umatnya untuk memulai membentuk keluarga shaleh dimulai dari cara dan kriteria memilih pasangan hidup yang tepat. Memilih pasangan hidup dan mendidik anak semuanya membutuhkan komunikasi yang ideal sebagaimana yang dianjurkan dalam Al-Quran. Metode penelitian yang akan penulis gunakan adalah komparasi analisis teks terhadap tafsir-tafsir Al-Quran. Teknik pengumpulan data bagi penelitian ini adalah studi perpustakaan yaitu dengan menelaah bahan-bahan dari teori-teori yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan yang dibahas berdasarkan buku-buku yang berhubungan serta dapat mendukung atau menyokong penelitian penulis. Sumber data primer adalah ayat-ayat Al-Quran yang dipilih beberapa ayat-ayat tentang keluarga shaleh dan komunikasi dalam Islam. Hasilnya, ditemukan Kata ‘shaleh’ atau ‘saleh’ sebanyak 143 kali dalam Al-Quran, sedangkan kata ‘keluarga’ ditemukan 67 kali. Setelah dilakukan penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Allah menginformasikan dalam Al-Quran dalam membentuk keluarga shaleh sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor komunikasi baik dalam hidup berindividu maupun kelompok.
Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Keluarga Pada Kisah Nabi Ibrahim dan Ismail
Authors: Fadli Saiful 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper discusses the family-based character education model. This article specifically examines the link between the story of Ibrahim and Ismail with character education and how to apply the concept of character education that Ibrahim has done to his son Ismail in the family. This research is literary research that uses the Tafsir Maudui method, namely by gathering verses related to the topic of discussion and interpreting them and referring to interpretive books and then analyzing these data with theories and references that support the analysis of the data. This research found that the success of the Prophet Ibrahim in educating his son because it makes monotheism as the main foundation. Ishmael since childhood has been introduced to the values of God. From obedience to God comes obedience to parents. Monotheism education gave birth to a patient child. Patience is one of the main characteristics that must be possessed by human children to become a perfect per-son.
Abstrak
Artikel ini membahas model pendidikan karakter berbasis keluarga Artikel ini secara khusus meneliti kaitan kisah Ibrahim dan Ismail dengan pendidikan karakter dan cara mengaplikasikan konsep pendidikan karakter yang telah dilakukan Ibrahim terhadap putranya Ismail dalam keluarga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literatur yang menggunakan metode tafsir maudui, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan ayat-ayat yang berkaitan dengan topik bahasan dan menafsirkannya dan merujuk pada kitab-kitab tafsir lalu menganalisis data-data tersebut dengan teori dan referensi yang mendukung penganalisisan data. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keberhasilan Nabi Ibrahim dalam mendidik putranya karena menjadikan tauhid sebagai fondasi utama. Ismail semenjak kecil sudah dikenalkan dengan nilai-nilai ketuhanan. Dari kepatuhan kepada Tuhan berbuah kepatuhan kepada orang tua. Pendidikan tauhid melahirkan anak yang penyabar. Sabar adalah satu karakter utama yang harus dimiliki anak manusia untuk menjadi insan paripurna.
STUDY OF MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF PLACENTA IN HYPERSENSITIVE MOTHERS
Authors: Gajbhiye Nisha , Gajbhiye Sachin 
Published: June 2021

Background: Hypertensive pregnancy may be responsible for vascular damage, enhanced systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in the placenta as oxygen and nutrient transfer is impaired and oxidative stress is generated affecting the placental growth and development. Placental growth pattern in hypertensive pregnancies shows a variable pattern owing to placental insufficiency. Method: The study was carried out on 80 sets placentae, mothers and their babies. The placentae were collected from Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of NSCB Medical College Jabalpur. Out of 80 placentae, 40 were from normal pregnant mothers and 40 from pregnancies complicated by PIH in previously normotensive women, serial number of placentae, mother and baby were same. placentae were collected soon after the normal vaginal delivery or caesarian section along with 10 cm long stump of umbilical cord. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether maternal PIH would affect the morphology and histology of placenta and compare this with that of normotensive mothers. It was a cross-sectional comparative study carried out at the maternity ward and anatomy department of NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur. Result: A Macroscopic study of the placenta revealed placental weight, placental volume, diameter, placental thickness and number of cotyledons were less in study group. Mean placental weight in study group was 336gm and in control group was 425 (p<0.05). Mean placental volume in study group & control group were 236and352 ml respectively (p<0.05). Mean number of cotyledons were 14.7and 16 in study & control group respectively but not significant and mean diameter15.6 cms and17.05cms in study and control group. But in the present study placental thickness was not significant (p<0.539). There was a single umbilical artery present in one patient in PIH group. All morphometric parameters of placenta weight, volume, diameter, thickness, no. of cotyledons were reduced.
Histological findings were cytotrophoblastic cellular proliferation, syncitial knot formation, fibrin plaque formation. In 20 percent cases, villi were hypovascular. The hypovascular villi have abundance of syncitial knots, usually lack vasculosyncitial membrane and increased stromal collagen. Conclusion: PIH adversely affect both morphology and histology of placenta.
Keywords: morphology, histology, placenta, hypersensitive & mothers.
PREGNANCY - ASSOCIATED PLASMA PROTEIN-A AND PREDICTION OF PREECLAMPSIA AMONG ANTENATING PREGNANT WOMEN IN LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors: Gbadegesin Abidoye , Kuye-Kuku Taiwo , Adesanya Ishaq A. , Agbara Joy O. , Oshodi Yusuf A. , Sobande Adekunle A. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Preclampsia is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality which accounts for 5%-10% of deaths worldwide. Several studies have attempted to effectively predict preclampsia early in pregnancy. The effective method of detection and treatment are yet to be determined. Early identification of women at risk would enhance prompt monitoring and treatment of both mother and fetus. International Federation of Gynaecology and obstetrics FIGO recommends that the use of risk factors along with biomarkers would be beneficial in predicting the disease among pregnant women. Thus, the discovery of a sensitive and specific biomarker would reduce the unwanted effect of preeclampsia. Several biomarkers have been studied but efforts to find an effective one for the prediction of preeclampsia is still elusive.
The study evaluated the relationship between pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (P PPA) and preeclampsia as a biomarker in predicting preeclampsia.
Objectives: To determine the relationship between the levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and the onset of pre-eclampsia among pregnant women with risk factors for preeclampsia and those without known risk factors (control).
Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study of consenting patients who presented at the maternity unit of Ifako-Ijaiye Mother and Child Centre between 11-15 weeks gestation with risk factors for preeclampsia (cases) and those without known risk factors for preeclampsia (controls). Blood samples were obtained and sent to Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Medical Research Laboratory for analysis of Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A).
Results: No significant correlation was found between the onset of preeclampsia and the levels of Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A in pregnant women with risk as well as those without risk factors who later on developed the disease. p>0.05. Among women without identifiable risk of preeclampsia, median Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein-A was significantly higher in pregnant women who did not develop Preeclampsia compared to those who subsequently developed preeclampsia (p=0.004).
There was a statistically significant difference in the median PAPP-A levels between patients at risk of preeclampsia (cases) compared with those without risk (controls). p<0.05.
Conclusion: There was a significantly lower median level of PAPP-A among patients with risk factors for preeclampsia when compared with low-risk patients. Meanwhile, there is no significant correlation between the levels of PAPP-A and onset of preeclampsia among those who subsequently developed the disease in those at risk and those without.
Líbia, 2021: elhúzódó polgárháború és fokozódó külső beavatkozás
Authors: Selján Péter 
Published: June 2021

Az úgynevezett arab tavasz első évében, 2011 őszén nyugati katonai intervenció vezetett a Líbiát 42 éven keresztül a kezében tartó Muammár Kaddáfi bukásához, a külső beavatkozás után viszont elmaradt a szükséges stabilizáció az országban. Líbia végül káoszba süllyedt, miközben egyre több külső szereplő kapcsolódott be a konfliktusba. Erős központi kormányzat hiányában a különböző fegyveres csoportok és milíciák külső támogatása jelentős elmozdulásokat eredményezett a helyi erőviszonyokban. Mindez nagymértékben hátráltatja a békefolyamatot és a stabilizációt, amelynek elmaradása a térség mellett Európa biztonságára is fenyegetést jelent.
Entre la letra y los niños: mediación del desarrollo para la literacidad
Authors: Gómez López Luis Felipe , Valdés Dávila Ma. Guadalupe , Centeno Partida María de Lourdes 
Published: June 2021

El artículo analiza las intervenciones mediacionales utilizadas en el desarrollo de la lectoescritura inicial en un grupo de ocho niños que presentan dificultades para su adquisición; pertenecen a familias de bajos recursos económicos y habitan en colonias del sur de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara. El método utilizado fue un estudio cualitativo de caso. El objeto de análisis fueron las sesiones de clase realizadas durante el primer semestre de 2019 en un centro de atención comunitaria. Para el análisis y la interpretación se utilizó el marco teórico del constructivismo sociocultural. Los datos recabados permitieron identificar 12 acciones mediacionales agrupadas en tres grandes categorías: el sentido de la actividad, la enseñanza directa y el desarrollo de procesos reflexivos. Se concluye que las acciones mediacionales ayudaron al aprendizaje de los estudiantes, pero hizo falta un mayor seguimiento individual de cada uno para lograr mejores resultados.