bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drivers behind the summer 2010 wave train leading to Russian heatwave and Pakistan flooding
Authors: Di Capua G. , Sparrow S. , Kornhuber K. , Rousi E. , Osprey S. , Wallom D. , van den Hurk B. , Coumou D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSummer 2010 saw two simultaneous extremes linked by an atmospheric wave train: a record-breaking heatwave in Russia and severe floods in Pakistan. Here, we study this wave event using a large ensemble climate model experiment. First, we show that the circulation in 2010 reflected a recurrent wave train connecting the heatwave and flooding events. Second, we show that the occurrence of the wave train is favored by three drivers: (1) 2010 sea surface temperature anomalies increase the probability of this wave train by a factor 2-to-4 relative to the model’s climatology, (2) early-summer soil moisture deficit in Russia not only increases the probability of local heatwaves, but also enhances rainfall extremes over Pakistan by forcing an atmospheric wave response, and (3) high-latitude land warming favors wave-train occurrence and therefore rainfall and heat extremes. These findings highlight the complexity and synergistic interactions between different drivers, reconciling some seemingly contradictory results from previous studies.
Picroscope: low-cost system for simultaneous longitudinal biological imaging
Authors: Ly Victoria T. , Baudin Pierre V. , Pansodtee Pattawong , Jung Erik A. , Voitiuk Kateryna , Rosen Yohei M. , Willsey Helen Rankin , Mantalas Gary L. , Seiler Spencer T. , Selberg John A. , Cordero Sergio A. , Ross Jayden M. , Rolandi Marco , Pollen Alex A. , Nowakowski Tomasz J. , Haussler David , Mostajo-Radji Mohammed A. , Salama Sofie R. , Teodorescu Mircea 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSimultaneous longitudinal imaging across multiple conditions and replicates has been crucial for scientific studies aiming to understand biological processes and disease. Yet, imaging systems capable of accomplishing these tasks are economically unattainable for most academic and teaching laboratories around the world. Here, we propose the Picroscope, which is the first low-cost system for simultaneous longitudinal biological imaging made primarily using off-the-shelf and 3D-printed materials. The Picroscope is compatible with standard 24-well cell culture plates and captures 3D z-stack image data. The Picroscope can be controlled remotely, allowing for automatic imaging with minimal intervention from the investigator. Here, we use this system in a range of applications. We gathered longitudinal whole organism image data for frogs, zebrafish, and planaria worms. We also gathered image data inside an incubator to observe 2D monolayers and 3D mammalian tissue culture models. Using this tool, we can measure the behavior of entire organisms or individual cells over long-time periods.
Heterogeneous origami-architected materials with variable stiffness
Authors: Miyazawa Yasuhiro , Yasuda Hiromi , Kim Hyungkyu , Lynch James H. , Tsujikawa Kosei , Kunimine Takahiro , Raney Jordan R. , Yang Jinkyu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOrigami, the ancient art of paper folding, has shown its potential as a versatile platform to design various reconfigurable structures. The designs of most origami-inspired architected materials rely on a periodic arrangement of identical unit cells repeated throughout the whole system. It is challenging to alter the arrangement once the design is fixed, which may limit the reconfigurable nature of origami-based structures. Inspired by phase transformations in natural materials, here we study origami tessellations that can transform between homogeneous configurations and highly heterogeneous configurations composed of different phases of origami unit cells. We find that extremely localized and reprogrammable heterogeneity can be achieved in our origami tessellation, which enables the control of mechanical stiffness and in-situ tunable locking behavior. To analyze this high reconfigurability and variable stiffness systematically, we employ Shannon information entropy. Our design and analysis strategy can pave the way for designing new types of transformable mechanical devices.
Efficient charge generation and low open circuit voltage loss enable a PCE of 10.3% in small molecule donor and polymer acceptor organic solar cells
Authors: Li Yi , Deng Dan , Sun Rui , Wu Sihua , Zhang LiLi , Zhang Ziqi , Zhang Jianqi , Min Jie , Zhao Guangjiu , Wei Zhixiang 
Published: November 2021

Two small donors with alkyl chains close to (Se-1) and away from (Se-2) the donor core were synthesized. Ordered molecular packing and an induced face-on packing by PJ1 enable an efficient charge generation and low Voc loss in the Se-2/PJ1 device.
Picture Description of the Western Aphasia Battery Picnic Scene: Reference Data for the French Canadian Population
Authors: Boucher Johémie , Brisebois Amélie , Slegers Antoine , Courson Melody , Désilets-Barnabé Marianne , Chouinard Anne-Marie , Gbeglo Véronika , Marcotte Karine , Brambati Simona Maria 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
The main aim of this study is to provide French Canadian reference data for quantitative measures extracted from connected speech samples elicited by the Western Aphasia Battery–Revised picnic scene, a discourse task frequently used in clinical assessment of acquired language disorders.

Method:
Our sample consisted of 62 healthy French Canadian adults divided in two age groups: a 50- to 69-year-old group and a 70- to 90-year-old group.

Results:
High interrater reliability scores were obtained for most of the variables. Most connected speech variables did not demonstrate an age effect. However, the 70- to 90-year-old group produced more repetitions than the 50- to 69-year-old group and displayed reduced communication efficiency (number of information content units per minute).

Conclusion:
These findings contribute to building a reference data set to analyze descriptive discourse production in clinical settings.
Diagnostik der Interstitiellen Zystitis: Wie gehe ich praktisch vor?
Authors: Foresti Antje , Schultz-Lampel Daniela 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie interstitielle Zystitis zählt zu den seltenen chronischen Erkrankungen der Harnblase mit
typischen Hauptsymptomen wie Blasenschmerz, vermehrtem Harndrang und Pollakisurie. Aufgrund
zahlreicher Differenzialdiagnosen mit ähnlichen Symptomen und der bis dato unklaren Genese ist
die Diagnose immer noch eine Ausschlussdiagnose und eine Herausforderung für den Arzt und
Betroffene. Häufig kommt es bei den Patienten zu langjährigen Fehldiagnosen und erfolglosen
Behandlungen. Das primäre Ziel ist daher, diese chronischen Schmerzpatienten einer zügigen
Diagnosestellung und adäquaten Therapieeinleitung zuzuführen. Im Folgenden werden die
konsensusbasierten Empfehlungen der aktuellen S2k-Leitlinie „Diagnose und Therapie der
interstitiellen Cystitis (IC/BPS)“ (2018 AWMF-Register-Nr.: 043/050) in einen
praxisorientierten und strukturierten Diagnostikablauf zusammengefasst.
Anquilose do quadril após artrite séptica por Escherichia coli não tratada: Relato de caso
Authors: Sllamniku Sabit , Raka Lul , Haxhija Emir Q. , Murtezani Ardiana 
Published: November 2021

ResumoA artrite séptica é geralmente relatada em pacientes idosos com outras condições médicas subjacentes. Artrite séptica por Escherichia coli é uma infecção rara. Descrevemos o caso de um paciente de 70 anos que apresentou uma fístula supurativa, movimentos limitados do membro inferior direito, e um trauma ocorrido aos 12 anos de idade. Durante todo esse tempo, a fístula esteve presente, secretando pus. Uma investigação clínica detalhada revelou uma infecção piogênica presente na epífise femoral seguida de uma taxa elevada de sedimentação. Após a intervenção cirúrgica, E. coli foi isolada das amostras clínicas, e tomou-se a decisão de colocar pérolas de gentamicina dentro da ferida cirúrgica. O paciente foi tratado com antibióticos. Quatro meses após a intervenção, a fístula supurativa foi completamente curada.Mais tarde, o paciente não estava mais interessado em continuar com o plano de tratamento. Como ele se recusou a remover as pérolas da cadeia de gentamicina e a endoprótese de quadrile, ele foi posteriormente encaminhado para a clínica de atenção primária para manejo conservador e acompanhamento. Ele andava mancando usando sapatos ortopédicos, mas sem muletas ou qualquer outro tipo de dipositivo de auxílio para caminhar. Quatro anos após a intervenção cirúrgica, as pérolas da cadeia de gentamicina ainda estão inseridas no osso. A artrite séptica causada por E. coli pode ficar ativa por décadas, secretando pus e se isolando. Diagnóstico rápido, intervenção cirúrgica adequada, e terapia antimicrobiana são essenciais para o tratamento.
Outcome of Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Treated by Whole Body Cooling and Magnesium Sulfate
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Safwat M. , Rahman Mohamed Sabry M. Abdel , Shoreit Asmaa H. , Din Moustafa Ez El , Hamed Enas A. , Gad Eman Fathalla 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTherapeutic hypothermia (TH) either by selective head cooling or whole-body cooling decreases brain damage and provide neuroprotection and reduced mortality rate in cases of moderate-to-severe hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy (HIE) of newborns, especially if started at first 6 hours after birth. Also, management with adjuvant therapies like magnesium sulfate (MS) provides more neuroprotection. The interventional randomized controlled research aimed to assess short-term actions of TH as sole therapy and in combination with MS as a neuroprotective agent for the treatment of HIE newborn infants. A total of 36 full-terms and near-term infants delivered at Assiut University Children's Hospital and fulfilled HIE criteria were enrolled. They were divided equally into three groups; Group 1 (n = 12) received whole body cooling during first 6 hours of life as a sole therapy; Group 2 (n = 12) received whole body cooling in addition to MS as adjuvant therapy; Group 3 (n = 12) received supportive intensive care measures as a control. TH plus MS group (group 2) had a significantly good short-term outcomes as short period of respiratory support and mechanical ventilation (p-value =0.001), less in incidence of convulsion (p-value = 0.001) and early in feeding initiation (p-value = 0.009), compared with other groups managed by TH (group 1) or by supportive treatment (group 3). In conclusion, whole body cooling in addition to MS as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of HIE neonates is safe therapy that improves short-term outcome both clinically and radiologically.
Metacondromatose: Uma doença confusa
Authors: Blasco Alejandro , Salom Marta , Giner Francisco , Baixauli Emilio , Baixauli Francisco 
Published: November 2021

ResumoMetacondromatose é uma doença genética autossômica rara com penetração incompleta que envolve função anormal do gene PTPN11. A diferenciação entre tumores condrogênicos é um desafio para os ortopedistas. Relatamos um caso de uma menina de 5 anos com metacondromatose, doença que compartilha atributos com osteocondromas e encondromas. Encontramos múltiplas lesões semelhantes a osteocondromas com a característica atípica de guiar seu crescimento em direção à articulação vizinha (epífise) em vez de se afastar dela. Além disso, as lesões semelhantes a encondromas colunares eram claramente visíveis no raio distal direito, no colo uterino femoral proximal e nas cristas ilíacas. A paciente relatou que algum outro tumor tinha desaparecido ou reduzido com o tempo. Este caso foi debatido entre um grupo multidisciplinar de displasia esquelética. Os achados clínicos e radiográficos acima mencionados reforçam o diagnóstico hipotético da metacondromatose. O diagnóstico definitivo da metacondromatose é uma combinação de achados clínicos, radiográficos e histopatológicos. O diagnóstico diferencial entre encondromas, osteocondromas e metacondromatose é vital devido a diferenças na malignização e na história natural. Quando um paciente tem encondromas múltiplos e osteocondromas com regressão de algumas lesões e característica radiográfica atípica das lesões semelhantes ao osteocondroma apontando para a epífise, a metacondromatose, uma doença rara, deve ser considerada. Tratamento cirúrgico é reservado para lesões dolorosas. O risco de malignização é insignificante e conselhos genéticos devem ser dados por se tratar de uma doença autossômica dominante.
Dephasing and inhibition of spin interference from semi-classical self-gravitation
Authors: Großardt André 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present a detailed derivation of a model to study effects of self-gravitation from semi-classical gravity, described by the Schrödinger–Newton equation, employing spin superposition states in inhomogeneous magnetic fields, as proposed recently for experiments searching for gravity induced entanglement. Approximations for the experimentally relevant limits are discussed. Results suggest that spin interferometry could provide a more accessible route towards an experimental test of quantum aspects of gravity than both previous proposals to test semi-classical gravity and the observation of gravitational spin entanglement.
The solar corona as an active medium for magnetoacoustic waves
Authors: Kolotkov D Y , Zavershinskii D I , Nakariakov V M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The presence and interplay of continuous cooling and heating processes maintaining the corona of the Sun at the observed one million K temperature were recently understood to have crucial effects on the dynamics and stability of magnetoacoustic (MA) waves. These essentially compressive waves perturb the coronal thermal equilibrium, leading to the phenomenon of a wave-induced thermal misbalance (TM). Representing an additional natural mechanism for the exchange of energy between the plasma and the wave, TM makes the corona an active medium for MA waves, so that the wave can not only lose but also gain energy from the coronal heating source (similarly to burning gases, lasers and masers). We review recent achievements in this newly emerging research field, focussing on the effects that slow-mode MA waves experience as a back-reaction of this perturbed coronal thermal equilibrium. The new effects include enhanced frequency-dependent damping or amplification of slow waves, and effective, not associated with the coronal plasma non-uniformity, dispersion. We also discuss the possibility to probe the unknown coronal heating function by observations of slow waves and linear theory of thermal instabilities. The manifold of the new properties that slow waves acquire from a thermodynamically active nature of the solar corona indicate a clear need for accounting for the effects of combined coronal heating/cooling processes not only for traditional problems of the formation and evolution of prominences and coronal rain, but also for an adequate modelling and interpretation of magnetohydrodynamic waves.
Interannual variation of reactive nitrogen emissions and their impacts on PM2.5 air pollution in China during 2005–2015
Authors: Chen Youfan , Zhang Lin , Henze Daven K , Zhao Yuanhong , Lu Xiao , Winiwarter Wilfried , Guo Yixin , Liu Xuejun , Wen Zhang , Pan Yuepeng , Song Yu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Emissions of reactive nitrogen as ammonia (NH3) and nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), together with sulfur dioxide (SO2), contribute to formation of secondary PM2.5 in the atmosphere. Satellite observations of atmospheric NH3, NO2, and SO2 levels since the 2000s provide valuable information to constrain the spatial and temporal variability of their emissions. Here we present a bottom-up Chinese NH3 emission inventory combined with top-down estimates of Chinese NO
x
and SO2 emissions using ozone monitoring instrument satellite observations, aiming to quantify the interannual variations of reactive nitrogen emissions in China and their contributions to PM2.5 air pollution over 2005–2015. We find small interannual changes in the total Chinese anthropogenic NH3 emissions during 2005–2016 (12.0–13.3 Tg with over 85% from agricultural sources), but large interannual change in top-down Chinese NO
x
and SO2 emissions. Chinese NO
x
emissions peaked around 2011 and declined by 22% during 2011–2015, and Chinese SO2 emissions declined by 55% in 2015 relative to that in 2007. Using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model simulations, we find that rising atmospheric NH3 levels in eastern China since 2011 as observed by infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer and atmospheric infrared sounder satellites are mainly driven by rapid reductions in SO2 emissions. The 2011–2015 Chinese NO
x
emission reductions have decreased regional annual mean PM2.5 by 2.3–3.8 μg m−3. Interannual PM2.5 changes due to NH3 emission changes are relatively small, but further control of agricultural NH3 emissions can be effective for PM2.5 pollution mitigation in eastern China.
Advances in anthropomorphic thorax phantoms for radiotherapy: a review
Authors: Tajik Mahdieh , Akhlaqi Mohammad Mohsen , Gholami Somayeh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A phantom is a highly specialized device, which mimic human body, or a part of it. There are three categories of phantoms: physical phantoms, physiological phantoms, and computational phantoms. The phantoms have been utilized in medical imaging and radiotherapy for numerous applications. In radiotherapy, the phantoms may be used for various applications such as quality assurance (QA), dosimetry, end-to-end testing, etc In thoracic radiotherapy, unique QA problems including tumor motion, thorax deformation, and heterogeneities in the beam path have complicated the delivery of dose to both tumor and organ at risks (OARs). Also, respiratory motion is a major challenge in radiotherapy of thoracic malignancies, which can be resulted in the discrepancies between the planned and delivered doses to cancerous tissue. Hence, the overall treatment procedure needs to be verified. Anthropomorphic thorax phantoms, which are made of human tissue-mimicking materials, can be utilized to obtain the ground truth to validate these processes. Accordingly, research into new anthropomorphic thorax phantoms has accelerated. Therefore, the review is intended to summarize the current status of the commercially available and in-house-built anthropomorphic physical/physiological thorax phantoms in radiotherapy. The main focus is on anthropomorphic, deformable thorax motion phantoms. This review also discusses the applications of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for the fabrication of thorax phantoms.
Thermal rectification on asymmetric suspended graphene nanomesh devices
Authors: Liu Fayong , Muruganathan Manoharan , Feng Yu , Ogawa Shinichi , Morita Yukinori , Liu Chunmeng , Guo Jiayu , Schmidt Marek , Mizuta Hiroshi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Graphene-based thermal rectification was investigated by measuring the thermal transport properties of asymmetric suspended graphene nanomesh devices. A sub-10 nm periodic nanopore phononic crystal structure was successfully patterned on the half area of the suspended graphene ribbon by helium ion beam milling technology. The ‘differential thermal leakage’ method was developed for thermal transport measurement without disturbance from the leakage of electron current through the suspended graphene bridge. A thermal rectification ratio of up to 60% was observed in a typical device with a nanopore pitch of 20 nm. By increasing the nanopore pitch in a particular range, the thermal rectification ratio showed an increment. However, this ratio was degraded by increasing the environmental temperature. This experiment suggests a promising way to develop a high-performance thermal rectifier by using a phononic crystal to introduce asymmetry on homogeneous material.
Analysis of Maxwell bioconvective nanofluids with surface suction and slip conditions in the presence of solar radiations
Authors: Khan Naseer M , Ullah Naeem , Zeb Khan Jahan , Qaiser Dania , Riaz Khan M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Several researchers have studied nanofluids over the past several decades and tried to identify potential agents that are added to nanofluids (nanoparticle suspensions) with tremendous thermal conductivity. In such suspensions, the Brownian motion of nanoparticles is the only means expected to be associated with the improved thermal conductivity of nanofluids, and the sections that may add to this are the subject of main conversation and discussion. In the current evaluation, the effect of Brownian motion has been investigated by injecting nanoparticles into the base fluid, and the existing fundamental information is available at creation. Propagation results show that this mixing effect can significantly increase the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. One of the interesting features of this model is that the temperature can be increased by the energy of sunlight, which is required for some industrial processes. The stretching property of the sheet is more conducive to the temperature rise. This model contains features that have not been previously studied, which is driving demand for this model in a variety of industries, now and in future generations.
Loxl2 is a mediator of cardiac aging in Drosophila melanogaster, genetically examining the role of aging clock genes
Authors: Bouska Mark J , Bai Hua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Transcriptomic, proteomic, and methylation aging clocks demonstrate that aging has a predictable preset program, while transcriptome trajectory turning points indicate that the 20–40 age range in humans is the likely stage at which the progressive loss of homeostatic control, and in turn aging, begins to have detrimental effects. Turning points in this age range overlapping with human aging clock genes revealed five candidates that we hypothesized could play a role in aging or age-related physiological decline. To examine these gene’s effects on lifespan and health-span, we utilized whole body and heart-specific gene knockdown of human orthologs in Drosophila melanogaster. Whole body lysyl oxidase like 2 (Loxl2), fz3, and Glo1 RNAi positively affected lifespan as did heart-specific Loxl2 knockdown. Loxl2 inhibition concurrently reduced age-related cardiac arrythmia and collagen (Pericardin) fiber width. Loxl2 binds several transcription factors in humans and RT-qPCR confirmed that a conserved transcriptional target CDH1 (Drosophila CadN2) has expression levels which correlate with Loxl2 reduction in Drosophila. These results point to conserved pathways and multiple mechanisms by which inhibition of Loxl2 can be beneficial to heart health and organismal aging.
Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Taxonomy, Genomics, and Evolution
Authors: Ciota Alexander T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV; Togaviridae, Alphavirus) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) primarily maintained in an enzootic cycle between Culiseta melanura (Coquillett) and passerine birds. EEEV, which has the highest reported case- fatality rate among arbovirus in the Americas, is responsible for sporadic outbreaks in the Eastern and Midwest United States. Infection is associated with severe neurologic disease and mortality in horses, humans, and other vertebrate hosts. Here, we review what is known about EEEV taxonomy, functional genomics, and evolution, and identify gaps in knowledge regarding the role of EEEV genetic diversity in transmission and disease.