bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor diet quality evaluated with the China Healthy Diet Index in Chinese tuberculosis patients
Authors: Ji Fangfei , Yang Yuexin , Xu Lei , Cai Jing , Ni Mingde , Wang Qiuzhen , Zhao Shanliang , Ma Aiguo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the diet quality of tuberculosis patients and healthy adults by using the China Healthy Diet Index (CHDI) and to provide guidance for the diet of tuberculosis patients in the future.MethodsA case–control study of 1241 patients and 1241 healthy individuals matchedfor sex and age. The CHDI was used to score the overall diet quality of patients in the casegroup and the control group.ResultsThe CHDI score of tuberculosis patients was 61.61 and that of healthy controls was 63.97. After adjustment for confounders, participants with >80 on CHDI were 73.5% less likely to develop tuberculosis than participants with <51 (OR: 0.265, 95% CI: 0.086, 0.813, p < 0.05). In the original model, the CHDI scores in the highest range were inversely associated with tuberculosis risk compared with the lowest range (OR: 0.687, 95% CI: 0.420,1.122, p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, the CHDI score was significantly associated with a reduced risk of tuberculosis (OR: 0.265, 95% CI: 0.086, 0.813, p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, a high‐quality diet was positively correlated with anti‐tuberculosis treatment outcomes (OR:0.957, 95% CI: 0.918,0.998, p = 0.039).ConclusionCompared with healthy adults, tuberculosis patients have poor diet quality with unreasonable diet structure. The insufficient intake of whole grains, vegetables, beans, aquatic products, meat and eggs and the excessive intake of pure energy food and solid fat suggests that the dietary structure of tuberculosis patients was unreasonable. This study provides an idea of the diet structure of tuberculosis patients.
A core ontology for modeling life cycle sustainability assessment on the Semantic Web
Authors: Ghose Agneta , Lissandrini Matteo , Hansen Emil Riis , Weidema Bo Pedersen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe use of Semantic Web and linked data increases the possibility of data accessibility, interpretability, and interoperability. It supports cross‐domain data and knowledge sharing and avoids the creation of research data silos. Widely adopted in several research domains, the use of the Semantic Web has been relatively limited with respect to sustainability assessments. A primary barrier is that the framework of the principles and technologies required to link and query data from the Semantic Web is often beyond the scope of industrial ecologists. Linking of a dataset to Semantic Web requires the development of a semantically linked core ontology in addition to the use of existing ontologies. Ontologies provide logical meaning to the data and the possibility to develop machine‐readable data format. To enable and support the uptake of semantic ontologies, we present a core ontology developed specifically to capture the data relevant for life cycle sustainability assessment. We further demonstrate the utility of the ontology by using it to integrate data relevant to sustainability assessments, such as EXIOBASE and the Yale Stocks and Flow Database to the Semantic Web. These datasets can be accessed by the machine‐readable endpoint using SPARQL, a semantic query language. The present work provides the foundation necessary to enhance the use of Semantic Web with respect to sustainability assessments. Finally, we provide our perspective on the challenges toward the adoption of Semantic Web technologies and technical solutions that can address these challenges.
Paradoxical Leadership, Subjective Ambivalence, and Employee Creativity: Effects of Employee Holistic Thinking
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Ying , Law Kenneth S. , Zhou Jing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrawing from meaning maintenance theory, the authors posit that paradoxical leader behaviour causes some employees to feel subjectively ambivalent, depending on holistic thinking styles. Employees who feel ambivalent will then show greater creativity as they search for ways to alleviate discomfort, again depending on thinking styles. Two field studies, one using cross‐sectional and one using panel data, confirm the hypotheses. For low (high) holistic thinkers, paradoxical leadership is more (less) positively associated with subjective ambivalence, and ambivalence is more (less) positively associated with creativity. The results offer theoretical and practical implications that holistic thinking determines whether paradoxical leadership evokes subjective ambivalence and subsequent creativity.
Positive Racial Identity of Black Brazilian and Colombian Adolescents Amidst Systems of Educational Oppression
Authors: Harris Keshia L. 
Published: December 2021

Contrary to popular discourse on racial harmony in Latin America, research links educational inequality to physical appearance, particularly in countries with national ideologies emphasizing multiculturalism, such as Brazil and Colombia (Marteleto et al., Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 2012, 30, 352; Telles, Pigmentocracies: Ethnicity, Race, and Color in Latin America, 2014, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC). This study used PVEST to explore how social processes influence adolescent self‐identities and perceptions of educational access. Mixed methods research conducted among 737 high school seniors in Salvador, Brazil and Cartagena, Colombia, revealed that socioeconomic status significantly related to race and skin tone, and Black and darker skinned Brazilian participants reported the highest rates of perceived discrimination; however, perceptions of socioeconomic mobility varied by the type of school students attended (i.e., public vs. private) rather than by their race or skin tone.
Caregivers' perspectives on the contextual influences within family management for ethnically diverse children with ADHD
Authors: Paidipati Cynthia P. , Deatrick Janet A. , Eiraldi Ricardo B. , Ulrich Connie M. , Lane Jamil M. , Brawner Bridgette M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting over 9% of children in the United States. Family caregivers are often responsible for the management of their child's ADHD. Contextual influences, such as healthcare providers, systems, and resources, are factors contributing to the ease or difficulty of family management. The purpose of this article is to qualitatively describe the major contextual influences that impact family management for ethnically diverse children with ADHD.Design And MethodsThis analysis is part of a mixed methods study using a concurrent nested design (QUAL + quant) to understand the phenomenon of family management from a contextual and socioecological perspective. In this analysis, cross‐sectional data from caregivers of children with ADHD (N = 50) within a large northeastern city in the United States were collected, analyzed, and interpreted in the qualitative descriptive tradition. Semistructured interviews were conducted with participants to understand the contextual influences within family management. Conventional content analysis resulted in the emergence of barrier and facilitator domains and subdomains.ResultsCaregivers were predominantly female (98%) and between 24 and 61 years with a mean age of 37.54 (SD = 1.18). Caregivers identified their children as Black or African American (56%), White (26%), Multi‐Racial (16%), Hispanic or Latinx (8%), and Asian (2%). Contextual influences within family management emerged as barrier or facilitator domains. Barrier domains included: (1) family, (2) healthcare systems, (3) educational systems, (4) stigma, and (5) financial, insurance, and policy issues. Facilitator domains included: (1) family and community, (2) healthcare providers, and (3) educational providers. Subdomains within each domain are expanded in the article.Practice ImplicationsSpecialists in pediatric nursing should consider contextual influences within family management for ethnically diverse children with ADHD. As healthcare providers, it is important to recognize system‐level barriers or facilitators for caregivers and their children and find creative ways to overcome obstacles and leverage strengths within families, communities, and care systems. Another important area for pediatric specialists to consider is understanding how stigma impacts children with ADHD. Policy‐level engagement and advocacy should maximize the political will of nurses, families, and educators to create change within communities.
BldD‐based bimolecular fluorescence complementation for in vivo detection of the second messenger cyclic di‐GMP
Authors: Halte Manuel , Wörmann Mirka E. , Bogisch Maxim , Erhardt Marc , Tschowri Natalia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe widespread bacterial second messenger bis‐(3′‐5′)‐cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c‐di‐GMP) is an important regulator of biofilm formation, virulence and cell differentiation. C‐di‐GMP‐specific biosensors that allow detection and visualization of c‐di‐GMP levels in living cells are key to our understanding of how c‐di‐GMP fluctuations drive cellular responses. Here, we describe a novel c‐di‐GMP biosensor, CensYBL, that is based on c‐di‐GMP‐induced dimerization of the effector protein BldD from Streptomyces resulting in bimolecular fluorescence complementation of split‐YPet fusion proteins. As a proof‐of‐principle, we demonstrate that CensYBL is functional in detecting fluctuations in intracellular c‐di‐GMP levels in the Gram‐negative model bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Using deletion mutants of c‐di‐GMP diguanylate cyclases and phosphodiesterases, we show that c‐di‐GMP dependent dimerization of CBldD‐YPet results in fluorescence complementation reflecting intracellular c‐di‐GMP levels. Overall, we demonstrate that the CensYBL biosensor is a user‐friendly and versatile tool that allows to investigate c‐di‐GMP variations using single‐cell and population‐wide experimental set‐ups.
Onset of oral lichen planus following dental treatments: A nested case–control study
Authors: Ma Kevin Sheng‐Kai , Thota Eshwar , Huang Jing‐Yang , Huang Yu‐Feng , Wei James Cheng‐Chung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe exposure to amalgam restorations has been reported to bring about altered immunity followed by inflammation and infection.AimsThis study aimed at identifying whether patients who received restorative or endodontic treatments, or tooth extraction, would have altered odds of developing oral lichen planus (OLP).Material and methodsIn this population‐based nested case–control study, 421 cases of OLP and 1,684 controls were included after propensity score matching. Logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of OLP in individuals who had received amalgam and composite resin restorations, root canal therapy, and tooth extraction over a follow‐up duration of five years.ResultsThere were no significantly different odds of OLP for those who underwent either amalgam (aOR = 0.948, 95% CI = 0.853–1.053, p = 0.3170) or resin restorations (aOR = 1.007, 95% CI = 0.978–1.037, p = 0.6557) in both anterior and posterior teeth in an observational period of five years after restorations. Root canal therapy was associated with significantly lower odds of OLP, with each additional root canal therapy attenuating the risk of OLP at an aOR of 0.771 (95% CI = 0.680–0.874, p = 0.0001) for both anterior (aOR = 0.786, 95% CI = 0.626–0.986, p = 0.0372) and posterior teeth (aOR = 0.762, 95% CI = 0.650–0.893, p = 0.0008). Likewise, each tooth extraction reduced the risk of OLP, with an aOR of 0.846 (95% CI = 0.772–0.927, p = 0.0003), especially for anterior teeth (aOR = 0.733, 95% CI = 0.595–0.904, p = 0.0037).ConclusionsWe reported no significant association between dental restorations and consequent OLP, and significantly lower odds of OLP following both root canal therapy and tooth extraction.
Treatment of papillomatous lesions in a patient with Goltz syndrome—A case report
Authors: Silva Amanda Meira Fernandez , Siqueira Giovanna Mourão , Cavalcante Marina Bertolucci Coimbra , Fonseca Mônatha Távora , Arantes Diego Antônio Costa , Costa Nádia do Lago , Goulart Douglas Rangel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundGoltz syndrome, also known as focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH), is a rare genetic disorder that affects ectodermal and mesodermal tissues. The purpose of this study is to report the treatment of papillomatous lesions in the orofacial region of a patient with Goltz syndrome.Case descriptionA 31‐year‐old male patient was attended at Dental School of Federal University of Goiás with the chief complaint of discomfort during speaking and eating, due to the presence of a papillomatous lesion at the labial commissure. During the physical examination, syndrome characteristics were found, such as unilateral anophthalmia; atrophic cutaneous lesions of different intensities of pigmentation, mostly on the arms and neck; sparse hair; ectrodactyly, being the right hand was shaped like a ‘lobster claw’; and body asymmetry. In addition, papillomatous lesions at the right labial commissure and on the dorsum of the tongue were noted, which were subsequently removed with surgical laser. The microscopic diagnosis of the lesions was a squamous papilloma.ConclusionThe proposed surgical treatment was well succeeded, and the rarity of the present case also having Goltz syndrome is an uncommon condition in males.
A novel approach to operating room readiness for airborne precautions using simulation‐based clinical systems testing
Authors: Kennedy Chris , Doyle Nichole M. , Pedigo Rachael , Toy Serkan , Stoner Alyssa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of the COVID‐19 disease as a global pandemic caused major challenges and strained busy operating room environments. This required institutions to rethink current system functioning and urgently develop safe medical practices and protocols.PurposeTo use a novel approach combining simulation‐based clinical system testing with rapid cycle deliberate practice concepts for identifying latent safety threats presented by newly developed operating room COVID‐19 protocols and collecting frontline staff recommendations for mitigation.MethodsThis study design combined a training/education approach with probing the systems function. The primary outcomes were the number of latent safety threats and staff evaluations of this approach for feasibility and utility on immediate and four‐month post surveys. Participants started the simulation which took place in the operating room, in the assistant role before graduating to the primary airway manager. Simulation staff members observed the simulations and noted whether elements in the protocols/checklists were followed and whether latent safety threats were present using an observation form. Solutions to latent safety threats were sought during the debriefing period.ResultsThis approach identified 17 latent safety threats not foreseen during the planning stages and allowed for corrections to the protocols prior to impacting patient outcomes. Post‐simulation surveys indicated that the program was well received and all who responded agreed that it was worth the time it took. Fifty‐seven percent of respondents to four‐month follow‐up survey reported using the work products to care for an actual COVID‐19 patient.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a flexible methodology that effectively integrated simulation‐based training and systems tests to train staff and detect latent safety threats in the new workflows and provide recommendations for mitigation. While COVID was the specific prompt, this approach can be applicable in diverse clinical settings for training medical staff, testing system function, and mitigating potential latent safety threats.
How did the COVID‐19 pandemic affect older adults? Investigation in terms of disability, state–trait anxiety and life satisfaction: Samsun, Turkey example
Authors: Özpınar Saliha , Bayçelebi Saadettin , Demir Yaşar , Yazıcıoğlu Bahadır 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has adversely affected the physical and mental health of individuals. The elderly are a special group that is affected by this condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on older adults in terms of disability, state–trait anxiety and life satisfaction.MethodsThe population of this cross‐sectional study consisted of individuals aged 65 and over who presented to a family health centre in Samsun a province of Turkey on the Black Sea coast (N = 3950). The study data were collected with the following five forms: Personal Information Form, Quality of Life Questionnaire, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, Brief Disability Questionnaire and Life Satisfaction Scale. In the analysis of the study data, descriptive statistics, Student's t‐test, paired t‐test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 70.88 ± 4.818 years. There was a significant difference between the participants' pre‐ and post‐pandemic health status and quality of life levels. In the study, a significant relationship was determined between the scores obtained from the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Brief Disability Questionnaire and between the scores obtained from the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory and the variables such as income and marital status (P < 0.05).ConclusionA significant result of the study is that the older adults' perceptions of health status and quality of life were adversely affected by the pandemic. Another significant result is that disability increased the level of anxiety. The other significant result of the study is that socioeconomic status was an important determinant of anxiety.
The effect of the 2020 racial justice protests on attitudes and preferences in rural and urban America
Authors: Curtis Justin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis paper seeks to understand the impact of sustained protests for racial justice on attitudes toward racial minorities, the police, and policies that would benefit racial minorities.MethodsUsing a large, nationally representative survey collected before and after the death of George Floyd and the protest movement that followed it, I employ a propensity score matching to identify the causal impact of these protests on perceptions of discrimination against blacks, favorability of the police, racial prejudice, and support for reparations for slavery. I also identify heterogeneous effects in rural America to identify the limits of these attitude shifts.ResultsI find evidence that George Floyd's death caused an increased perception of discrimination against blacks, decreased favorability of the police, decreased racial prejudice, and increased support for reparations. I also find muted and heterogeneous effects in rural America.ConclusionThese findings speak to the power of social protest to shift attitudes and policy preferences and to the persistent divide between urban and rural Americans.
Spatially oriented convolutional neural network for spatial relation extraction from natural language texts
Authors: Qiu Qinjun , Xie Zhong , Ma Kai , Chen Zhanlong , Tao Liufeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpatial relation extraction (e.g., topological relations, directional relations, and distance relations) from natural language descriptions is a fundamental but challenging task in several practical applications. Current state‐of‐the‐art methods rely on rule‐based metrics, either those specifically developed for extracting spatial relations or those integrated in methods that combine multiple metrics. However, these methods all rely on developed rules and do not effectively capture the characteristics of natural language spatial relations because the descriptions may be heterogeneous and vague and may be context sparse. In this article, we present a spatially oriented piecewise convolutional neural network (SP‐CNN) that is specifically designed with these linguistic issues in mind. Our method extends a general piecewise convolutional neural network with a set of improvements designed to tackle the task of spatial relation extraction. We also propose an automated workflow for generating training datasets by integrating new sentences with those in a knowledge base, based on string similarity and semantic similarity, and then transforming the sentences into training data. We exploit a spatially oriented channel that uses prior human knowledge to automatically match words and understand the linguistic clues to spatial relations, finally leading to an extraction decision. We present both the qualitative and quantitative performance of the proposed methodology using a large dataset collected from Wikipedia. The experimental results demonstrate that the SP‐CNN, with its supervised machine learning, can significantly outperform current state‐of‐the‐art methods on constructed datasets.
KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 regulates leaf development, root system architecture and arbuscular‐mycorrhizal symbiosis in Brachypodium distachyon
Authors: Meng Yongjie , Varshney Kartikye , Incze Norbert , Badics Eszter , Kamran Muhammad , Davies Sabrina F. , Oppermann Larissa M. F. , Magne Kévin , Dalmais Marion , Bendahmane Abdel , Sibout Richard , Vogel John , Laudencia‐Chingcuanco Debbie , Bond Charles S. , Soós Vilmos , Gutjahr Caroline , Waters Mark T. 
Published: December 2021

SUMMARYKARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2) is an α/β‐hydrolase required for plant responses to karrikins, which are abiotic butenolides that can influence seed germination and seedling growth. Although represented by four angiosperm species, loss‐of‐function kai2 mutants are phenotypically inconsistent and incompletely characterised, resulting in uncertainties about the core functions of KAI2 in plant development. Here we characterised the developmental functions of KAI2 in the grass Brachypodium distachyon using molecular, physiological and biochemical approaches. Bdkai2 mutants exhibit increased internode elongation and reduced leaf chlorophyll levels, but only a modest increase in water loss from detached leaves. Bdkai2 shows increased numbers of lateral roots and reduced root hair growth, and fails to support normal root colonisation by arbuscular‐mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The karrikins KAR1 and KAR2, and the strigolactone (SL) analogue rac‐GR24, each elicit overlapping but distinct changes to the shoot transcriptome via BdKAI2. Finally, we show that BdKAI2 exhibits a clear ligand preference for desmethyl butenolides and weak responses to methyl‐substituted SL analogues such as GR24. Our findings suggest that KAI2 has multiple roles in shoot development, root system development and transcriptional regulation in grasses. Although KAI2‐dependent AM symbiosis is likely conserved within monocots, the magnitude of the effect of KAI2 on water relations may vary across angiosperms.