bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate‐level influences on internal capital allocation: The role of financial analyst performance projections
Authors: Busenbark John R. , Semadeni Matthew , Arrfelt Mathias , Withers Michael C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearch contends that internal capital should be allocated in proportion to divisional performance, but scholars are often puzzled to find that managers do not adhere to this winner‐picking approach. We argue this is because scholarship has not incorporated corporate‐level factors that influence how corporate managers structure holistic capital allocation strategies. In this study, we build on the behavioral theory of the firm to focus on analyst performance projections for multidivisional corporations and how they inform corporate managers' allocation strategies. Specifically, we theorize corporate managers deviate from the winner‐picking allocation approach owing to search‐related behaviors stemming from projected performance below or above expectations. We further theorize about conditions that offer corporate managers opportunities to deviate from winner‐picking, focusing particularly on multidivisional relatedness and asset durability.
Dynamic resource redeployment in global semiconductor firms
Authors: Chang Sea‐Jin , Matsumoto Yoichi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study explores how firms decide in which businesses to further invest and from which businesses to withdraw resources by examining the detailed product portfolios of firms in the global semiconductor industry. Results show that resource redeployment within incumbent businesses is more prevalent than via new entry or complete exit, since the former is more flexible and easily reversible than the latter. This study further finds that, while underutilized resources may drive resource redeployment, resource shortage by a newly entered or expanding incumbent business may also siphon resources away from other incumbent businesses, leading to their exit or temporary retrenchment. Fabless firms with resource that are more fungible, scalable, and decomposable vis‐a‐vis integrated device manufacturers show a more flexible and gradual pattern of resource redeployment.Managerial summaryIn fast‐moving environments, firms should quickly redeploy resources to more promising business areas. We find fabless firms with more fungible, scale free, and decomposable resources engage in more active resource redeployment than integrated device manufacturers with specialized fabs and equipment, like Intel or Samsung. Redeployment among the latter requires a well‐planned, synchronized approach so as to avoid idle resources. As such, in order to take advantage of dynamic resource redeployment, managers should begin by assessing the characteristics of firm resources along these dimensions. Managers may also consider business model transformation to separate their activities by specializing in areas in which they can best utilize their resources and capabilities, like fabless firms and foundries in the semiconductor industry.
Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Starch from Brazilian Carioca Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Authors: Los Francine Gomes Basso , Chezini Amanda , Piroski Camila Sztoltz , Lacerda Luiz Gustavo , Nogueira Alessandro , Demiate Ivo Mottin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study is to characterize Carioca bean starch extract from selected cultivars and harvests in different crop years. The starch is analyzed for amylose content, granule morphology, thermal transition (gelatinization and dissociation of retrograded starch), pasting properties, and in vitro digestibility. Carioca bean starch presents high levels of amylose, ranging from 40.06% to 42.60%. The thermal transition study demonstrates high gelatinization temperatures, from 70.8 to 76.6 °C and intense retrogradation. In vitro digestibility of the granular starch evidenced a high content of resistant starch. It is demonstrated for the first time that different cultivars from Brazilian Carioca beans as well as cultivation in distinct crop years are associated with slight differences in the physicochemical characteristics of their starches.
Adult resistance genes to barley powdery mildew confer basal penetration resistance associated with broad‐spectrum resistance
Authors: Ge Cynthia , Wentzel Elzette , D'Souza Nola , Chen Kefei , Oliver Richard P , Ellwood Simon R 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPowdery mildew isa major disease of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) for which breeders have traditionally relied on dominant, pathogen race‐specific resistance genes for genetic control. Directional selection pressures in extensive monocultures invariably result in such genes being overcome as the pathogen mutates to evade recognition. This has led to a widespread reliance on fungicides and a single broad‐spectrum recessive resistance provided by the mlo gene. The range of resistance genes and alleles found in wild crop relatives and landraces has been reduced in agricultural cultivars through an erosion of genetic diversity during domestication and selective breeding. Three novel major‐effect adult plant resistance (APR) genes from landraces, designated Resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Rbgh1 to Rbgh3), were identified in the terminal regions of barley chromosomes 5HL, 7HS, and 1HS, respectively. The phenotype of the new APR genes showed neither pronounced penetration resistance, nor the spontaneous necrosis and mesophyll cell death typical of mlo resistance, nor a whole epidermal cell hypersensitive response, typical of race‐specific resistance. Instead, resistance was localized to the site of attempted penetration in an epidermal cell and was associated with cell wall appositions and cytosolic vesicle‐like bodies, and lacked strong induction of reactive oxygen species. The APR genes exhibited differences in vesicle‐like body sizes, their distribution, and the extent of localized 3,3‐diaminobenzidine staining in individual doubled haploid lines. The results revealed a set of unique basal penetration resistance genes that offer opportunities for combining different resistance mechanisms in breeding programs for robust mildew resistance.
Two-loop splitting in double parton distributions: the colour non-singlet case
Authors: Diehl M. , Gaunt J. R. , Plößl P. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
At small inter-parton distances, double parton distributions receive their dominant contribution from the splitting of a single parton. We compute this mechanism at next-to-leading order in perturbation theory for all colour configurations of the observed parton pair. Rapidity divergences are handled either by using spacelike Wilson lines or by applying the δ regulator. We investigate the behaviour of the two-loop contributions in different kinematic limits, and we illustrate their impact in different channels.
F-theory flux vacua at large complex structure
Authors: Marchesano Fernando , Prieto David , Wiesner Max 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We compute the flux-induced F-term potential in 4d F-theory compactifications at large complex structure. In this regime, each complex structure field splits as an axionic field plus its saxionic partner, and the classical F-term potential takes the form V = ZABρAρB up to exponentially-suppressed terms, with ρ depending on the fluxes and axions and Z on the saxions. We provide explicit, general expressions for Z and ρ, and from there analyse the set of flux vacua for an arbitrary number of fields. We identify two families of vacua with all complex structure fields fixed and a flux contribution to the tad- pole Nflux which is bounded. In the first and most generic one, the saxion vevs are bounded from above by a power of Nflux. In the second their vevs may be unbounded and Nflux is a product of two arbitrary integers, unlike what is claimed by the Tadpole Conjecture. We specialise to type IIB orientifolds, where both families of vacua are present, and link our analysis with previous results in the literature. We illustrate our findings with several examples.
Anisotropic 1-Laplacian problems with unbounded weights
Authors: Ortiz Chata Juan C. , Pimenta Marcos T. O. , Segura de León Sergio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this work we prove the existence of nontrivial bounded variation solutions to quasilinear elliptic problems involving a weighted 1-Laplacian operator. A key feature of these problems is that weights are unbounded. One of our main tools is the well-known Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg’s inequality, which is established in the framework of weighted spaces of functions of bounded variation (and that provides us the necessary embeddings between weighted spaces). Additional tools are suitable variants of the Mountain Pass Theorem as well as an extension of the pairing theory by Anzellotti to this new setting.
Antibiotikaprophylaxe bei transrektaler Prostatabiopsie
Authors: Rothe Kathrin , Querbach Christiane , Busch Dirk H. , Gschwend Jürgen E. , Hauner Katharina 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die transrektale Prostatastanzbiopsie (TRPB) gehört zu den häufigsten interventionell-urologischen Eingriffen in Deutschland. Es wird leitliniengerecht eine kurzeitige periprozedurale Antibiotikaprophylaxe (PAP) empfohlen. Die Indikationsrücknahme von Fluorchinolonen als PAP-Substanz durch das Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte macht die Verwendung alternativer Substanzen notwendig.

Ziele
Im Rahmen der Studie wurde die klinische Praxis der PAP bei TRPB mit Fokus auf infektiöse Komplikationen im Vergleich zwischen Fluorchinolon- und Cotrimoxazol-PAP evaluiert.

Methodik
Es handelt sich um eine retrospektive monozentrische Auswertung klinischer Routinedaten von Patienten mit TRPB zwischen 03.01.2019 und 28.01.2021.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden 508 erwachsene männliche Patienten eingeschlossen, das mediane Alter betrug 68 Jahre. 55,9 % erhielten eine Cotrimoxazol-PAP, 40,0 % eine Fluorchinolon-PAP. Insgesamt traten in 5,5 % postinterventionelle Komplikationen auf, davon 50,0 % infektiöse Komplikationen. Der Vergleich von Cotrimoxazol- und Fluorchinolon-PAP ergab keinen Unterschied der Komplikationsraten. Bei aufgrund von Komplikationen durchgeführten mikrobiologischen Urinuntersuchungen zeigten sich Erregernachweise mit Resistenz gegenüber der zuvor eingesetzten PAP im Sinne einer Selektion.

Schlussfolgerung
Eine Cotrimoxazol-PAP für TRPB ist verglichen mit dem bisherigen Standard einer Fluorchinolon-PAP nicht mit vermehrt infektiösen Komplikationen assoziiert. Die präinterventionelle Analyse von Keimspektrum und Resistenz ermöglicht den Einsatz einer gezielten Prophylaxe und kann somit Komplikationen reduzieren.
Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites as an indicator of adrenocortical activity in Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) and recommendations for future studies
Authors: Larm Malin , Hovland Anne Lene , Palme Rupert , Thierry Anne-Mathilde , Miller Andrea L. , Landa Arild , Angerbjörn Anders , Eide Nina E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMeasuring fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCMs) is a widely used, non-invasive method for studies of stress in vertebrates. To study physiological responses in wild Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) to perceived stressors such as fluctuating food availability, occurrence of competitors and predators and disturbance from human activities, a species-specific physiological validation of a method to evaluate adrenocortical activity is needed. Here we used 15 captive Arctic foxes (both males and females and juveniles and adults) to investigate fGCM concentrations following ACTH injection (physiological validation), or handling alone and compared them with their respective baseline concentrations prior to the treatments. A 5α-pregnane-3ß,11ß,21-triol-20-one enzyme immunoassay measured significant fGCM increases following both treatments. The time lags to reach peak fGCM values were 9.3 ± 1.3 h and 12.8 ± 1.7 h for ACTH and handling treatment, respectively. Concentrations of fGCMs varied a lot between individuals, but not attributed to sex nor age of the foxes. However, we found a negative relationship between boldness and fGCM concentrations. Faecal glucocorticoid metabolites concentrations did not change significantly over a period of 48 h in samples kept at temperatures reflecting winter and summer means. This would allow the collection of samples up to two days old in the wild regardless of the season. We conclude that our successfully validated method for measuring fGCMs can be used as a non-invasive tool for studies exploring various stressors both in wild and captive Arctic foxes.
Omphalocele: national current birth prevalence and survival
Authors: Fogelström Anna , Caldeman Cecilia , Oddsberg Jenny , Löf Granström Anna , Mesas Burgos Carmen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The increase in prenatal diagnosis together with the high rates of associated anomalies in omphalocele has led to increased rates of termination of pregnancies. The aim of this study was to examine the national Swedish birth prevalence and survival rates among these patients.

Methods
This study is based on a nationwide population-based cohort of all children born in Sweden between 1/1/1997 and 31/12/2016. All omphalocele cases were identified though the Swedish National Patient Register and the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Outcome of malformations and deaths were retrieved from the Swedish Birth Defects Register and the Swedish Causes of Death Register.

Results
The study included 207 cases of omphalocele (42% females). The birth prevalence for omphalocele was 1/10,000 live births. About 62% of the cases had associated malformations and/or genetic disorders; most common was ventricular septal defect. The mortality within the first year was 13%. The rate of termination of pregnancy was 59%.

Conclusion
The national birth prevalence for omphalocele in Sweden is 1/10,000 newborn, with high termination rates. Over half of the pregnancies with prenatally diagnosed omphalocele will be terminated. Among those who continue the pregnancy, 1-year survival rates are high.

Type of study
National register study

Level of evidence
III.
Practical application of synthetic head models in real ballistic cases
Authors: Riva F. , Fracasso T. , Guerra A. , Genet P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn shooting crimes, ballistics tests are often recommended in order to reproduce the wound characteristics of the involved persons. For this purpose, several “simulants” can be used. However, despite the efforts in the research of “surrogates” in the field of forensic ballistic, the development of synthetic models needs still to be improved through a validation process based on specific real caseworks. This study has been triggered by the findings observed during the autopsy performed on two victims killed in the same shooting incident, with similar wounding characteristics; namely two retained head shots with ricochet against the interior wall of the skull; both projectiles have been recovered during the autopsies after migration in the brain parenchyma. The thickness of the different tissues and structures along the bullets trajectories as well as the incident angles between the bullets paths and the skull walls have been measured and reproduced during the assemblage of the synthetic head models. Two different types of models (“open shape” and “spherical”) have been assembled using leather, polyurethane and gelatine to simulate respectively skin, bone and soft tissues. Six shots have been performed in total. The results of the models have been compared to the findings of post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) and the autopsy findings.Out of the six shots, two perforated the models and four were retained. When the projectile was retained, the use of both models allowed reproducing the wounds characteristics observed on both victims in terms of penetration and ricochet behaviour. However, the projectiles recovered from the models showed less deformation than the bullets collected during the autopsies. The “open shape” model allowed a better controlling on the shooting parameters than the “spherical” model. Finally, the difference in bullet deformation could be caused by the choice of the bone simulant, which might under-represent either the strength or the density of the human bone. In our opinion, it would be worth to develop a new, more representative material for ballistic which simulates the human bone.
Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis: efficacy of outbreak management
Authors: Martin Cristina , Löw Ursula , Quintin Adrien , Schießl Gesine , Gärtner Barbara , Heim Albert , Seitz Berthold 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is one of the most severe ocular viral infections. The aim of this interruptive time series study was to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of a hygienic EKC outbreak management concept developed in our ophthalmological department.

Methods
All patients with suspected EKC in the period from August to November 2018 were included in the study. Data were retrospectively collected from the patient’s medical documents and records. The disease was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by virus detection through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from conjunctival swabs. With the beginning of the epidemic, an outbreak management plan was implemented to reduce the nosocomial spread.

Results
The outbreak lasted 77 days (20th August 2018 to 4th November 2018) and affected a total of 120 patients. This corresponds to a mean of 1.5 patients per outbreak day. The median age was 58 [1–92] years. Of all patients, 61 (50.8%) were female. Conjunctival swabs were collected in 100/120 (83.3%) cases, the adenovirus being detected in all positive smears (63/63, 100%). The implementation of our outbreak management plan reduced significantly the number of EKC cases per outbreak day and resulted in a reduction of the basic reproduction number by a factor of 2.2.

Conclusion
The detection of EKC together with the immediate implementation of hygienic outbreak measures can significantly reduce the spread of infection. The implementation of a strict outbreak management concept can significantly reduce the number of EKC cases, thus avoiding possible complications and therefore unnecessary health-related costs.
Influence of the compatible solute sucrose on thylakoid membrane organization and violaxanthin de-epoxidation
Authors: Goss Reimund , Schwarz Christian , Matzner Monique , Wilhelm Christian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Main conclusion
The compatible solute sucrose reduces the efficiency of the enzymatic de-epoxidation of violaxanthin, probably by a direct effect on the protein parts of violaxanthin de-epoxidase which protrude from the lipid phase of the thylakoid membrane.
The present study investigates the influence of the compatible solute sucrose on the violaxanthin cycle of higher plants in intact thylakoids and in in vitro enzyme assays with the isolated enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase at temperatures of 30 and 10 °C, respectively. In addition, the influence of sucrose on the lipid organization of thylakoid membranes and the MGDG phase in the in vitro assays is determined. The results show that sucrose leads to a pronounced inhibition of violaxanthin de-epoxidation both in intact thylakoid membranes and the enzyme assays. In general, the inhibition is similar at 30 and 10 °C. With respect to the lipid organization only minor changes can be seen in thylakoid membranes at 30 °C in the presence of sucrose. However, sucrose seems to stabilize the thylakoid membranes at lower temperatures and at 10 °C a comparable membrane organization to that at 30 °C can be observed, whereas control thylakoids show a significantly different membrane organization at the lower temperature. The MGDG phase in the in vitro assays is not substantially affected by the presence of sucrose or by changes of the temperature. We conclude that the presence of sucrose and the increased viscosity of the reaction buffers stabilize the protein part of the enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase, thereby decreasing the dynamic interactions between the catalytic site and the substrate violaxanthin. This indicates that sucrose interacts with those parts of the enzyme which are accessible at the membrane surface of the lipid phase of the thylakoid membrane or the MGDG phase of the in vitro enzyme assays.
Lower conversion rate with robotic assisted rectal resections compared with conventional laparoscopy; a national cohort study
Authors: Myrseth Elisabeth , Nymo Linn Såve , Gjessing Petter Fosse , Kørner Hartwig , Kvaløy Jan Terje , Norderval Stig 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Conversion from laparoscopic to open access colorectal surgery is associated with a poorer postoperative outcome. The aim of this study was to assess conversion rates and outcomes after standard laparoscopic rectal resection (LR) and robotic laparoscopic rectal resection (RR).

Methods
A national 5-year cohort study utilizing prospectively recorded data on patients who underwent elective major laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer. Data were retrieved from the Norwegian Registry for Gastrointestinal Surgery and from the Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Registry. Primary end point was conversion rate. Secondary end points were postoperative complications within 30 days and histopathological results. Chi-square test, two-sided T test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used for univariable analyses. Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the relations between different predictors and outcomes, and propensity score matching was performed to address potential treatment assignment bias.

Results
A total of 1284 patients were included, of whom 375 underwent RR and 909 LR. Conversion rate was 8 out of 375 (2.1%) for RR compared with 87 out of 909 (9.6%) for LR (p < 0.001). RR was associated with reduced risk for conversion compared with LR (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10–0.46). There were no other outcome differences between RR and LR. Factors associated with increased risk for conversion were male gender, severe cardiac disease and BMI > 30. Conversion was associated with higher rates of major complications (20 out of 95 (21.2%) vs 135 out of 1189 (11.4%) p = 0.005), reoperations (13 out of 95 (13.7%) vs 93 out of 1189 (7.1%) p = 0.020), and longer hospital stay (median 8 days vs 6 days, p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Conversion rate was lower with robotic assisted rectal resections compared with conventional laparoscopy. Conversions were associated with higher rates of postoperative complications.