bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testicular function following oral exposure to Tramadol and Cannabis sativa ethanol extracts in male Wistar rats
Authors: Ige A.O. , Oluwole D.T. , Olaoye M.O. , Adewoye E.O. 
Published: April 2021

Objective: Substance abuse is a global challenge. This study investigated the effects of two commonly abused substances, tramadol and/or Cannabis sativa ethanol extracts (ECS), on testicular function in Wistar male rats.Methods: Twenty-animals were equally divided into 4groups that received 0.9%NaCl (0.2ml), tramadol (40mg/kg), ECS (2mg/kg) and tramadol + ECS for 30days, respectively (daily p.o). Following anesthesia, blood samples were obtained and serum testosterone was determined. Testes and epididymis were harvested and weighed. Sperm motility, viability and counts were evaluated in the epididymis while superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and histology (Haematoxylin & Eosin) were evaluated in the testis.Results: Sperm motility, viability, counts, testosterone level and testicular CAT was reduced in all experimental groups compared to control. Relative epididymal weights increased in tramadol only and ECS only compared to control. Testicular SOD was decreased only in the tramadol only and co-treatment (tramadol + ECS), respectively. LDH was increased in the tramadol only treatment group. Testicular histology in tramadol and co-treatment groups showed structural aberrations that are consistent with impaired spermatogenesis, antioxidant depletion and oxidative stress.Conclusion: Abuse of tramadol and/or Cannabis sativa ethanol extracts may predispose to testicular dysfunction resulting from decline in testicular antioxidants, testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis.
Keywords: Tramadol, Cannabis sativa, spermatogenic function, oxidative stress, testicular architecture
A Cross-sectional Study of Female HIV Patient Perspective of Dyadic Adjustment in HIV Sero-concordant and Sero-discordant couples
Authors: Sodeinde K.J. , Olu-Abiodun O. , Bamdele E.F. , Abiodun O.A. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Dyadic Adjustment is defined as the process with which couples form a steady relationship. This study assessed dyadic adjustment in HIVcouples in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among 458 women accessing HIV care in tertiary hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria. Participants were evaluated using the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale and analyzed using the Stata/SE 15.1 statistical Package. Chi-square and t-tests were used to determine the correlates of dyadic adjustment (Distress/Non-distress) while logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of distress.
Results: Only 28.82% had relationship distress while the majority (71.18%) had no distress. There was a statistically significant association between marital status and the level of distress. Those who were currently married were less likely to have distress than those who were single or previously married.
Conclusion: Those who were not married were more predisposed to distress. More support for these groups is therefore recommended.
Keywords: Couple, Distress, Dyadic adjustment, HIV, Sero-concordant, Sero-discordant
The knowledge and attitude of students of a Nigerian tertiary institution about peptic ulcer disease
Authors: Bojuwoye M.O. , Ogunmodede J.A. , Ogunlaja O.A. , Fasiku M.M. , Oyeleke G.K. , Olokoba A.B. 
Published: April 2021

Objectives: This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge and attitude of students of a tertiary institution in North-Central Nigeria about peptic ulcer disease (PUD)Methodology: Three hundred students of the Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, were recruited using a multistage sampling method. Asemi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data and assess their knowledge about and attitude towards PUD.Results: Two hundred and thirty-four (78.0%) of respondents had heard about PUD before. Two hundred and fifty (83.3%) of the respondents thought PUD was a gastrointestinal disease whereas 40 (13.3%) thought it was a disease of the heart. Only one (0.3%) of the respondents knew Helicobacter pylori as a cause of PUD, and only 17.3% believed drugs could treat PUD. Students of Science-based courses were twice as likely as non-Science based students to have had a prior knowledge of PUD (OR: 1.98, CI: 1.054- 3.717, P=0.034).Conclusion: Though majority of respondents had heard about PUD, their knowledge of its aetiology, symptoms and treatment was poor. This reflects the need to strengthen public health education about PUD because of its potential for causing morbidity and mortality.
Key words: Peptic ulcer disease, gastrointestinal disease, Helicobacter pylori, knowledge
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN KOTAK SUARA DUPLEX DALAM PROSES DISTRIBUSI LOGISTIK PEMILU 2019 DI KPU KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Adi Susanto dan Mardiana  
Published: April 2021

Sejumlah 21 dari 48 TPS di kelurahan Payo Selincah, Kecamatan Paal Merah, Kota Jambi terpaksa harus melaksanakan Pemungutan Suara Susulan H+1 pada Pemilu 2019 dikarenakan kotak suara duplex mengalami kerusakan parah dalam proses distribusi logistik akibat banjir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa apakah kebijakan KPU menggunakan kotak suara berbahan duplex telah memenuhi nilai kelayakan fungsi kotak suara dalam proses distribusi logistik Pemilu 2019 menurut perspektif Badan Penyelenggara Pemilu di tingkat KPU Kabupaten/Kota hingga tingkat PPS. Pendekatan kualitatif berlandaskan teori Dunn dipergunakan untuk melakukan evaluasi kebijakan KPU meliputi enam kriteria, yaitu efektivitas, efisiensi, kecukupan, pemerataan, responsivitas, dan kelayakan. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara, informan menanggapi kebijakan KPU menggunakan kotak suara duplex tidak memenuhi nilai kelayakan fungsi kotak suara dalam proses distribusi logistik, karena dinilai tidak memenuhi lima dari enam kriteria Dunn, yaitu efektivitas, efisiensi, kecukupan, responsivitas, dan kelayakan. Hasil Penelitian ini didukung temuan bahwa: 1) terjadi penghematan anggaran pengadaan kotak suara sebesar 70,03% di tingkat KPU RI, namun tidak terjadi penghematan biaya pengelolaan dan distribusi logistik di tingkat KPU Kabupaten/kota hingga KPPS; 2) Pelaksanaan SOP penyimpanan dan distribusi logistik bersifat effortlessness; 3) Kotak suara berbahan duplex lebih mudah rusak (hancur) di daerah rawan banjir atau perairan walaupun telah mengikuti SOP distribusi logistik.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 pandemic among medical students of Ernakulam, India
Authors: Kalliath Jacob Davies , Kizhatil Anuradha , Rose Brilly M , Kuncheria Ann Mary , John Alexander 
Published: April 2021

Background: COVID – 19 infection is a serious pandemic the world is now facing. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 infection among medical students at a private medical college in central Kerala.
Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was conducted during April-May 2020 in a private medical college in Ernakulam District using the Universal sampling technique. The study tool was a semi-structured validated questionnaire containing sociodemographic details and questions on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 infection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.
Results: A total of 288 students were included in the study, with a mean age of 21±1.4. The male-to-female ratio was 2.75:1. Medical students showed adequate knowledge (81.6%), attitude (91.3%), and practice (84.7%) towards the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The main symptoms of COVID-19 infection were known to at least 83% of the participants. The majority (85.4%) were aware that there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 infection and 90% were aware of the main modes of the disease transmission. The majority (99%) of the medical students believed that COVID-19 infection could be prevented through social distancing, wearing masks, and the practice of self-hygiene. About 75.6% believed that government measures for prevention are adequate. Steam inhalation, saline gargling, and consumption of vitamin C-rich foodstuffs were the main specific measures adopted. Older age and female gender were found to be associated with better knowledge.
Conclusion: Adequate KAP levels among medical students in this study are attributable to the current lockdown and the strict government measures to contain the infection.
Blood glucose lowering efficacy of Avartaki Churna in Streptozotocin-induced Hyperglycemia in rats
Authors: Nille Guruprasad C , R C Reddy K , Trigunayat Anshuman 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of Avartaki Churna (Cassia auriculata Linn.) in experimental animals. Materials and Methods: Avartaki Churna was prepared by the standard procedure of Churna Kalpana. Hyperglycemia was induced to create an equivalent to the diabetic state by giving streptozotocin (STZ) solution (intra-peritoneal [i.p.]) 35 mg/kg.Â After assessment of hyperglycemia as an approximate induction of diabetes, Group IV animals were treated with 300 mg/kg of Avartaki Churna. For treatment comparison, Group III animals were treated with a standard hypoglycemic drug, glibenclamide 1 mg/kg. Blood sugar level was assessed by glucometer on the 7th, 14th, 21stÂ and 28thÂ Â day. Results: Avartaki Churna produced a significantly reduction of fasting blood glucose with various doses in STZ-induced diabetic rats. In a 4-week study, Avartaki Churna produced a significant reduction in blood glucose compared to glibenclamide. Conclusion: Avartaki Churna and glibenclamide significantly reduced blood sugar level. The results were more significant with successive days in this in vivo comparative study.Â
ANALYSIS OF LEARNING DIFFICULTIES WITH FRACTIONS IN THREE AFRICAN COUNTRIES: FOCUSING ON THE SCOPE, SEQUENCE AND MODELS OF FRACTIONS
Authors: Kusaka Satoshi 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study aims to compare and analyze learning content with regard to fractions, the order in which that content is taught in primary school mathematics curricula, and how it is presented in textbooks in three eastern and southern African countries, Zambia, Ethiopia, and Mozambique as well as to clarify the characteristics of the instruction concerning fraction in each of these countries.
Methodology: Firstly, we refer to the curriculum to extract information about the learning contents and their order in each grade. Secondly, concerning the meaning of fractions, we refer to the textbooks since we cannot clearly judge from the description in the curriculum. Thirdly, we focus on the common points and differences among the three countries and analyze the causes of difficulty in learning fractions.
Findings: There is a significant discrepancy between the grades in learning fractions among the three countries. In addition, the learning order differs to a certain degree. A common feature of the three countries regarding the order is the multiplication and division of fractions. For all three countries, while the addition and subtraction of fractions and types of fractions are handled separately by different grades, the multiplication and division are all taught in one grade. Further, how the meaning of fractions is taught is common to all three countries. In all the countries, the part-whole concept of fractions is mainly employed, and the fraction as measurement concept is not taught at all. Unfortunately, since children learn without considering fractions as measurements, their understanding of fractions will be limited.
Unique contribution to theory, practice, and policy: Regarding fraction, basic research on the teaching content and their order in African countries have not been conducted extensively. While improving the quality of education is a common goal globally, it is paramount to analyze the difficulty in learning fractions from the perspectives of the intended curriculum and textbook. The result will be the implication for revising the curriculum and suggestions for teaching fractions.
PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION: THE ROLE OF CAREGIVER CHARACTERISTICS ON ADOPTION OF ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION SERVICES OF CHILDREN AGED 0-5 YEARS IN BOMET COUNTY
Authors: Amatu Mary , Mberia Professor Hellen , Wa Ngula Dr. Kyalo 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: An estimated two to three million annual deaths from Vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) are preventable through immunization. Currently about 19.5 million infants miss out on routine immunization globally. The study examined the role of caregiver characteristics in persuasive communication on adoption of routine immunization of children aged 0-5 years in Bomet County – Kenya.
Methodology: This study self-funded, was a cross-sectional hospital based study, employing a mixed method research design. A sample of 384 caregivers participated in the study.Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis tests was conducted to ascertain the reliability and validity of study instruments. Chi-square test was done to establish the relationship between caregiver characteristics and adoption of routine immunization. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaires and KII guide.
Findings: The response rate was 95.1% with majority of the respondents in the age bracket of 19-25 at 42.2% and 61.4% were married with 36.9 % of the respondents reporting to be housewives. Majority of the respondent had primary level of education at 53.7 %, followed by secondary level those had attained only primary level of education with only 8.8% having attained tertiary level of education and those who had no level of education were 1.9%. On caregiver knowledge, 93.4% did not know any vaccines given to children. However, out of those that had knowledge on the vaccines, 66.3% agreed vaccines have side effects, though majorly they were mythical. Caregiver attitude on routine immunization was found to be negative.
Unique contribution to theory, practice, and policy: The optimal model indicated that for every unit of Caregiver characteristic, the value of adoption changed by 0.386. The study concluded that caregiver characteristics had positive influence on adoption of routine immunization. The study recommended that routine immunization messages be made frequently available, targeted and tailored to the caregivers. Secondly, the community should be involved in advocacy towards adoption of routine immunization, to create ownership and adoption sustainability. Additionally, health workers should be motivated towards good practices in Healthworker-client communication specifically, persuasive communication to build trust from the caregivers.
Contribution to practice and policy: Adoption of the study findings by the policy makers, will contribute to achieving the recommended 90%, fully immunized coverage. This in turn will reduce vaccine preventable diseases both in the study area and can be generalizing to settings with similar challenges in adoption of routine immunization.
EL MARCO REGULADOR DEL TELETRABAJO EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA Y LAS ENTIDADES DE SU SECTOR PÚBLICO
Authors: JIMÉNEZ ASENSIO RAFAEL 
Published: April 2021

Este estudio es de carácter introductorio y tiene por finalidad analizar el marco de regulación del teletrabajo en el sector público a partir de la aprobación de la reciente normativa publicada en septiembre de 2020 (RRDDLL 28 y 29/2020), en lo que sea de aplicación a las Administraciones Públicas y a las entidades de su sector público. El análisis se centra principalmente en la regulación recogida en el RDL 29/2020, que es la normativa aplicable al empleo público. Pero, el RDL 28/2020 se aplica al personal de empresas públicas y fundaciones públicas. En última instancia se trata de comparar ambas normativas y ver qué márgenes de configuración normativa tienen ¿las normas de desarrollo¿ para delimitar la organización del teletrabajo y el ejercicio del respectivo derecho.
Azterlan hau sarrera bat baino ez da. Sektore publikoko telelanaren erregulazio-esparrua aztertzea du helburu, 2020ko irailean argitaratu berri den araudia (28 eta 29/2020 errege lege-dekretuak) onartu zenetik aurrera, administrazio publikoei eta haien sektore publikoko erakundeei aplikagarri zaien heinean. Azterlanak 29/2020 LEDan jasotako erregulazioa hartzen du ardatz moduan, enplegu publikoari aplikatu beharreko araudia delako. Baina 28/2020 Errege Lege Dekretua enpresa publikoetako eta fundazio publikoetako langileei aplikatzen zaie. Azken batean, bi araudiak alderatu eta «garapen-arauek» araudia eratzeko zer tarte dituzten ikusi nahi da, telelanaren antolaketa eta dagokion eskubidearen erabilera mugatzeko.
This study is introductory in nature and its purpose is to analyze the telework regulation framework in the public sector following approval of the recent regulations published in September 2020 (RRDDLL 28 and 29/2020), as applicable to the Public Administrations and the entities of its public sector. The analysis focuses mainly on the regulation contained in RDL 29/2020, which is the regulation applicable to public employment. However, RDL 28/2020 applies to the personnel of public companies and public foundations. The purpose of this work is ultimately to compare both regulations and to see what margins of normative configuration ¿the development norms¿ offer for delimiting the organization of teleworking and exercising of the respective right.
LA REGULACIÓN DEL TELETRABAJO EN LAS ENTIDADES LOCALES
Authors: MAURI MAJÓS JUAN JOSE 
Published: April 2021

la necesidad de aprobar un instrumento normativo regulador de la modalidad de teletrabajo antes del 1 de abril de 2021 en todas las Administraciones públicas, exige precisar su rango, procedimiento de elaboración y contenidos esenciales que se han de elaborar en base al depósito de formas institucionales y organizativas que la regulación del trabajo a distancia ha ido articulando durante largos años en la Administración autonómica y local. Para conocer el marco en el que se va a tener que actuar se presentan los estándares operativos al uso y las fórmulas que se pueden utilizar, enfatizándose el cambio organizativo que la introducción del teletrabajo va a suponer.
Administrazio publiko guztietan telelanaren modalitatea 2021eko apirilaren 1a baino lehen arautzeko tresna arautzaile bat onartu behar denez, beharrezkoa da haren maila, lantze-prozedura eta prestatu beharreko funtsezko edukiak zehaztea; eta, horretarako, urrutiko lanaren erregulazioak Autonomia Erkidegoko eta Tokiko Administrazioan urte luzez egituratu dituen erakunde- eta antolaketa-formen gordailua hartu behar da oinarri moduan. Jarduteko esparrua hobeto ezagutzeko, erabili beharreko estandar operatiboak eta erabil daitezkeen formulak aurkezten dira, eta telelana sartzeak ekarriko duen antolaketa-aldaketa nabarmentzen da.
The need to approve a normative instrument regulating the telework modality in all Public Administrations before April 1, 2021 requires the specification of their rank, procedure of production and essential contents which must be drawn up based on the repository of institutional and organizational formats that the regulation of remote work has articulated over a long number of years in the autonomous and local administration. To know the framework in which action will have to be taken the usual operating standards and the formulas that can be used are presented, emphasizing the organizational change that the introduction of teleworking will represent.
TELETRABAJO, CRISIS DE LA COVID-19 Y ADMINISTRACIONES PÚBLICAS: UNA MIRADA SOCIOLÓGICA
Authors: BELZUNEGUI ERASO ANGEL GABRIEL 
Published: April 2021

El teletrabajo se ha implementado como instrumento para hacer frente a la caída de la actividad laboral derivada de la crisis de la Covid-19. Su expansión durante la crisis contrasta con la escasa penetración lograda hasta fechas recientes. Diferentes estudios han comenzado a evaluar los impactos de la combinación entre confinamiento y teletrabajo, destacando los efectos que ha tenido sobre aspectos de la vida cotidiana de los empleados. Los resultados reflejan impactos positivos y negativos sobre salud laboral, conciliación, autonomía y control, de tiempos, mostrando una vez más que la clave fundamental para abordar el teletrabajo es un enfoque organizacional.
Covid-19ak ekarritako krisiaren ondorioz lan-jarduerak izan duen beherakadari aurre egiteko tresna gisa ezarri da telelana. Krisialdian zehar izan zuen hedapena, duela gutxi arte lortutako barneratze eskasarekin kontrastatzen da. Hainbat azterlan hasi dira ebaluatzen konfinamenduaren eta telelanaren arteko konbinazioaren eraginak, eta langileen eguneroko bizitzako alderdietan izan dituen ondorioak nabarmendu dituzte. Emaitzek eragin positiboak eta negatiboak erakusten dituzte lan-osasunean, kontziliazioan, autonomian eta denboren kontrolean, eta berriz erakusten dute telelana lantzeko funtsezko gakoa erakunde-ikuspegia dela.&#8239;&#8239;
Teleworking has been implemented as an instrument to offset the fall in work activity caused by the Covid-19 crisis. Its expansion during the crisis contrasts with the low penetration achieved until recently. Different studies have begun to evaluate the impacts of the combination between confinement and telework, highlighting the effects it has had on aspects of the employees' daily lives. The results reflect positive and negative impacts on occupational health, work-life balance, autonomy and time control, showing once again that the fundamental key to approaching teleworking is an organizational focus.
Psychological features of the codependent personality in the time perspective.
Authors: Danilova Margarita , Gomba Natalia 
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the psychological problem of codependency. Codependency defined as a system of individual personality traits that determine the specifics of the interaction of a person`s codependency with the outside world. Using the F Zimbardo methodology, the features of the time perspective of a person`s codependency are investigated.
The results obtained indicate that codependent men and women are characterized by temporal priorities, which are primarily aimed at the present. The psychological characteristics of codependents in the «dependent codependent» system is determined both by the presence of common features and interrelationships in the behavior and orientation of the individual, as well as by certain differences. The prospects for the development of psychotherapeutic and rehabilitation and preventive programs for addicts and codependents are noted.
Operações psicopolíticas dos evangélicos durante as eleições presidenciais de 2018
Authors: Marianno Lília Dias , Ouriques Evandro Vieira 
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho é uma resposta à análise feita por Evandro Vieira Ouriques em sua conferência intitulada “Desobediencia psicopolítica frente al perspectivismo de la gobernancia y sus políticas públicas: el caso de Brasil” apresentada em Setembro de 2018 na Universidad de La Plata na Argentina. Este ensaio estende a discussão iniciada pelo autor na perspectiva das operações psicopolíticas dos diferentes grupos denominados evangélicos em ação nas eleições presidenciais de 2018.