bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted Therapies in Lung Cancers: Current Landscape and Future Prospects
Authors: Feng Xin , Ding Wenqing , Ma Junhong , Liu Baijun , Yuan Hongmei 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Lung cancer is the most common malignant cancer worldwide. Targeted
therapies have emerged as a promising treatment strategy for lung cancers.

Objective:
To evaluate the current landscape of targets and find promising targets for future new
drug discovery for lung cancers, this research identified the science-technology-clinical development
pattern and mapped the interaction network of targets.

Methods:
Targets for cancers were classified into 3 groups based on a paper published in Nature.
We searched for scientific pieces of literature, patent documents and clinical trials of targets in
Group 1 and Group 2 for lung cancers. Then, a target-target interaction network of Group 1 was
constructed, and the science-technology-clinical (S-T-C) development patterns of targets in Group
1 were identified. Finally, based on the cluster distribution and the development pattern of targets
in Group 1, interactions between the targets were employed to predict potential targets in Group 2
for drug development.

Results:
The target-target interaction (TTI) network of group 1 resulted in 3 clusters with different
developmental stages. The potential targets in Group 2 are divided into 3 ranks. Level-1 is the first
priority and level-3 is the last. Level-1 includes 16 targets, such as STAT3, CRKL, and PTPN11,
that are mostly involved in signaling transduction pathways. Level-2 and level-3 contain 8 and 6
targets, respectively, related to various biological functions.

Conclusion:
This study will provide references for drug development in lung cancers, emphasizing
that priorities should be given to targets in Level-1, whose mechanisms are worth further exploration.
Architecture, Ability, and Adaptability of Recursive Internetworking
Architecture - A Review
Authors: Neelam Bhushana Samyuel , Shimray Benjamin A. 
Published: June 2021

:
The ever-increasing dependency of the utilities on networking brought several cyber
vulnerabilities and burdened them with dynamic networking demands like QoS, multihoming, and
mobility. As the existing network was designed without security in context, it poses several
limitations in mitigating the unwanted cyber threats and struggling to provide an integrated
solution for the novel networking demands. These limitations resulted in the design and
deployment of various add-on protocols that made the existing network architecture a patchy and
complex network. The proposed work introduces one of the future internet architectures, which
seem to provide abilities to mitigate the above limitations. Recursive internetworking architecture
(RINA) is one of the future internets and appears to be a reliable solution with its promising design
features. RINA extended inter-process communication to distributed inter-process communication
and combined it with recursion. RINA offered unique inbuilt security and the ability to meet novel
networking demands with its design. It has also provided integration methods to make use of the
existing network infrastructure. The present work reviews the unique architecture, abilities, and
adaptability of RINA based on various research works of RINA. The contribution of this article is
to expose the potential of RINA in achieving efficient networking solutions among academia and
industry.
Health Equity in Artificial Intelligence and Primary Care Research: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Wang Jonathan Xin , Somani Sulaiman , Chen Jonathan H , Murray Sara , Sarkar Urmimala 
Published: June 2021

Background
Though artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to augment the patient-physician relationship in primary care, bias in intelligent health care systems has the potential to differentially impact vulnerable patient populations.

Objective
The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize the extent to which AI systems in primary care examine the inherent bias toward or against vulnerable populations and appraise how these systems have mitigated the impact of such biases during their development.

Methods
We will conduct a search update from an existing scoping review to identify studies on AI and primary care in the following databases: Medline-OVID, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, MathSciNet, AAAI, and arXiv. Two screeners will independently review all abstracts, titles, and full-text articles. The team will extract data using a structured data extraction form and synthesize the results in accordance with PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines.

Results
This review will provide an assessment of the current state of health care equity within AI for primary care. Specifically, we will identify the degree to which vulnerable patients have been included, assess how bias is interpreted and documented, and understand the extent to which harmful biases are addressed. As of October 2020, the scoping review is in the title- and abstract-screening stage. The results are expected to be submitted for publication in fall 2021.

Conclusions
AI applications in primary care are becoming an increasingly common tool in health care delivery and in preventative care efforts for underserved populations. This scoping review would potentially show the extent to which studies on AI in primary care employ a health equity lens and take steps to mitigate bias.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/27799
Implementation of an Internet-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Promoting Mental Health Among Migrant Live-in Caregivers in Canada: Protocol
Authors: Fung Kenneth Po-Lun , Vahabi Mandana , Moosapoor Masoomeh , Akbarian Abdolreza , Jing-Wen Liu Jenny , Wong Josephine Pui-Hing 
Published: June 2021

Background
Psychological distress, isolation, feelings of powerlessness, and limited social support are realities faced by temporary migrant live-in caregivers in Canada. Furthermore, they experience multiple barriers in accessing mental health services due to their long work hours, limited knowledge of health resources, precarious employment, and immigration status.

Objective
The Women Empowerment - Caregiver Acceptance & Resilience E-Learning (WE2CARE) project is a pilot intervention research project that aims to promote the mental well-being and resiliency of migrant live-in caregivers. The objectives include exploring the effectiveness of this program in achieving the following: (1) reducing psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress); (2) promoting committed actions of self-care; and (3) building mutual support social networks. Further, participants’ satisfaction with the intervention and their perceived barriers to and facilitators of practicing the self-care strategies embedded in WE2CARE will be examined.

Methods
A total of 36 live-in caregivers residing in the Greater Toronto Area will be recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention or waitlist control group. The intervention group will receive a 6-week web-based psychosocial intervention that will be based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Standardized self-reported surveys will be administered online preintervention, postintervention, and at 6 weeks postintervention to assess mental distress (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale), psychological flexibility (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire), mindfulness (Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale – Revised), and resilience (Multi-System Model of Resilience Inventory). In addition, two focus groups will be held with a subset of participants to explore their feedback on the utility of the WE2CARE program.

Results
WE2CARE was funded in January 2019 for a year. The protocol was approved by the research ethics boards of Ryerson University (REB 2019-036) and the University of Toronto (RIS37623) in February and May 2019, respectively. Data collection started upon ethics approval and was completed by May 2020. A total of 29 caregivers completed the study and 20 participated in the focus groups. Data analyses are in progress and results will be published in 2021.

Conclusions
WE2CARE could be a promising approach to reducing stress, promoting resilience, and providing a virtual space for peer emotional support and collaborative learning among socially isolated and marginalized women. The results of this pilot study will inform the adaptation of an ACT-based psychological intervention for online delivery and determine its utility in promoting mental health among disadvantaged and vulnerable populations.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/31211
Acute Kidney Injury in the Modern Era of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Abramson Matthew H. , Gutgarts Victoria , Zheng Junting , Maloy Molly A. , Ruiz Josel D. , Scordo Michael , Jaimes Edgar A. , Sathick Insara Jaffer 
Published: June 2021

Background and objectives
AKI is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, increasing risk of nonrelapse mortality. AKI etiology is often ambiguous due to heterogeneity of conditioning/graft versus host disease regimens. To date, graft versus host disease and calcineurin inhibitor effects on AKI are not well defined. We aimed to describe AKI and assess pre–/post–hematopoietic transplant risk factors in a large recent cohort.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed a single-center, retrospective study of 616 allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients from 2014 to 2017. We defined AKI and CKD based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria and estimated GFR using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. We assessed AKI pre–/post–hematopoietic transplant risk factors using cause-specific Cox regression and association of AKI with CKD outcomes using chi-squared test. AKI was treated as a time-dependent variable in relation to nonrelapse mortality.

Results
Incidence of AKI by day 100 was 64%. Exposure to tacrolimus and other nephrotoxins conferred a higher risk of AKI, but tacrolimus levels were not associated with severity. Reduced-intensity conditioning carried higher AKI risk compared with myeloablative conditioning. Most stage 3 AKIs were due to ischemic acute tubular necrosis and calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. KRT was initiated in 21 out of 616 patients (3%); of these 21 patients, nine (43%) recovered and five (24%) survived to hospital discharge. T cell–depleted transplants, higher baseline serum albumin, and non-Hispanic ethnicity were associated with lower risk of AKI. CKD developed in 21% (73 of 345) of patients after 12 months. Nonrelapse mortality was higher in those with AKI (hazard ratio, 2.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.8 to 4.27).

Conclusions
AKI post–hematopoietic cell transplant remains a major concern. Risk of AKI was higher with exposure to calcineurin inhibitors. T cell–depleted hematopoietic cell transplants and higher serum albumin had lower risk of AKI. Of the patients requiring KRT, 43% recovered kidney function.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_09_07_CJN19801220.mp3
Effect of Medical and Surgical Interventions on α-Cell Function in Dysglycemic Youth and Adults in the RISE Study
Authors: Kahn Steven E. , Edelstein Sharon L. , Arslanian Silva A. , Barengolts Elena , Caprio Sonia , Ehrmann David A. , Hannon Tamara S. , Marcovina Santica , Mather Kieren J. , Nadeau Kristen J. , Utzschneider Kristina M. , Xiang Anny H. , Buchanan Thomas A. ,   RISE Consortium, Ehrmann David A. , Temple Karla A. , Rue Abby , Barengolts Elena , Mokhlesi Babak , Van Cauter Eve , Sam Susan , Miller M. Annette , Kahn Steven E. , Atkinson Karen M. , Palmer Jerry P. , Utzschneider Kristina M. , Gebremedhin Tsige , Kernan-Schloss Abigail , Kozedub Alexandra , Montgomery Brenda K. , Morse Emily J. , Mather Kieren J. , Garrett Tammy , Hannon Tamara S. , Lteif Amale , Patel Aniket , Chisholm Robin , Moore Karen , Pirics Vivian , Pratt Linda , Nadeau Kristen J. , Gross Susan , Zeitler Philip S. , Williams Jayne , Green Melanie Cree , Garcia Reyes Yesenia , Vissat Krista , Arslanian Silva A. , Brown Kathleen , Guerra Nancy , Porter Kristin , Caprio Sonia , Savoye Mary , Pierpont Bridget , Buchanan Thomas A. , Xiang Anny H. , Trigo Enrique , Beale Elizabeth , Hendee Fadi N. , Katkhouda Namir , Nayak Krishan , Martinez Mayra , Montgomery Cortney , Wang Xinhui , Edelstein Sharon L. , Lachin John M. , Hogan Ashley N. , Marcovina Santica , Harting Jessica , Albers John , Hill Dave , Savage Peter J. , Leschek Ellen W. 
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE
To compare effects of medications and laparoscopic gastric band surgery (LB) on α-cell function in dysglycemic youth and adults in the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Study protocols.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Glucagon was measured in three randomized, parallel, clinical studies: 1) 91 youth studied at baseline, after 12 months on metformin alone (MET) or glargine followed by metformin (G/M), and 3 months after treatment withdrawal; 2) 267 adults studied at the same time points and treated with MET, G/M, or liraglutide plus metformin (L+M) or given placebo (PLAC); and 3) 88 adults studied at baseline and after 12 and 24 months of LB or MET. Fasting glucagon, glucagon suppression by glucose, and acute glucagon response (AGR) to arginine were assessed during hyperglycemic clamps. Glucagon suppression was also measured during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs).

RESULTS
No change in fasting glucagon, steady-state glucagon, or AGR was seen at 12 months following treatment with MET or G/M (in youth and adults) or PLAC (in adults). In contrast, L+M reduced these measures at 12 months (all P ≤ 0.005), which was maintained 3 months after treatment withdrawal (all P &lt; 0.01). LB in adults also reduced fasting glucagon, steady-state glucagon, and AGR at 12 and 24 months (P &lt; 0.05 for all, except AGR at 12 months [P = 0.098]). Similarly, glucagon suppression during OGTTs was greater with L+M and LB. Linear models demonstrated that treatment effects on glucagon with L+M and LB were largely associated with weight loss.

CONCLUSIONS
Glucagon concentrations were reduced by L+M and LB in adults with dysglycemia, an effect principally attributable to weight loss in both interventions.
A Study on Correlation of Subjects on Electrical Engineering Course Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors: Zakaria Fathiah , Che Kar Siti Aishah , Abdullah Rina , Ismail Syila Izawana , Md Enzai Nur Idawati 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: This paper presents a study of correlation between subjects of Diploma in Electrical Engineering (Electronics/Power) at Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM) Cawangan Terengganu using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The analysis was done to see the effect of mathematical subjects (Pre-calculus and Calculus 1) and core subject (Electric Circuit 1) on Electronics 1. Electronics 1 is found to be a core subject with the history of high failure rate percentage (more than 25%) in previous semesters. This research has been conducted on current final semester students (Semester 5). Seven (7) models of ANN are developed to observe the correlation between the subjects. In order to develop an ANN model, ANN design and parameters need to be chosen to find the best model. In this study, historical data from students’ database were used for training and testing purpose. Total number of datasets used are 58 sets. 70% of the datasets are used for training process and 30% of the datasets are used for testing process. The Regression Coefficient, (R) values from the developed models was observed and analyzed to see the effect of the subject on the performance of students. It can be proven that Electric Circuit 1 has significant correlation with the Electronics 1 subject respected to the highest R value obtained (0.8100). The result obtained proves that student’s understanding on Electric Circuit 1 subject (taken during semester 2) has direct impact on the performance of students on Electronics 1 subject (taken during semester 3). Hence, early preventive measures could be taken by the respective parties.

Keywords: Artificial neural network, Diploma in Electrical Engineering, Graduate on time, Correlation.
Job Satisfaction as a Mediator between Leadership Styles and Organisational Commitment of Teachers in Malaysia
Authors: Abdul Halim Norhaily , Hassan Aminuddin , Basri Ramli , Yusof Aminuddin , Ahrari Seyedali 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: To better understand the organisational commitment of teachers, the current study examined job satisfaction as a mediator between organisational commitment and the three dimensions of leadership, namely transformational, transactional and passive-avoidant. The study involved 381 school teachers in Malaysia, and the multiple-model analysis used showed partial mediation on the negative association of passive-avoidant leadership style with teachers’ commitment to their organisation. The study found a relationship between transformational leadership and organisational commitment through job satisfaction. As expected, job satisfaction also fully mediated between transactional leadership and organisational commitment among teachers, and that teachers who are highly satisfied with their jobs attributed their commitment towards their school to transactional leadership. This study extends the knowledge on the effects of teachers’ leadership styles on their organisational commitments through a mediating factor. Higher education can play an important role in changing pre-service teachers' and future school principals’ mindsets to exhibit transformational and transactional leadership competencies. Therefore, leadership development and training of future school administrators during their tertiary education are important in order to enhance teachers' job satisfaction and commitment.
Keywords: Teachers, Job satisfaction, Leadership styles, Organizational commitment, Malaysia
Approaching Listening and Speaking Skills Using Online to Facilitate Interactive Learning from Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Megat-Abdul-Rahim Puteri Rohani , Idris Sheema Liza , Abdul Rahman Zarinatun Ilyani , Ya Shaq Mohamed Syafiq , Nasir Nur Farhana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Teaching and learning process is constantly transforming due to the ever-increasing globalization. In the educational sector the use of information and communication technology (ICT) is constantly changing due to the increasing trend in globalization. This has resulted in the change and transformation the facet of education in this 21st century. The various usage of technologies and other forms of learning materials that have been extensively used has created a medium where students able to be interactive because it is learner centred, and the environment of online learning is more open and flexible. However, several studies showed that students prefer traditional classroom more because they would prefer face-to-face communication with their instructor. Thus, this study intends to explore the perspective of learning listening and speaking using online among L2 learners. A total number of 102 university students at UiTM Perak Branch took part in this study. They were instructed to answer a set of questionnaires which was created using google document. From the findings the students reported that they do see the benefits of online learning. In addition, they found learning through this interactive medium as interesting and provide them space to progress at their own pace in learning. However, this does not portray students’ eagerness in which may be due to several factors. This study is hoped to able to highlight the positive aspects of using online as an alternative to the traditional way of teaching listening and speaking.

Keywords: Interactive Learning, Listening Skill, Online Learning, Second language learners, Speaking Skill.
Lecturers’ Organizational Citizenship Behaviours During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Khalid Shaiful Annuar , Abdul Rahman Norshimah , Darus Norizul Azida , Shahruddin Shafiq 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: A limited number of studies indicate that organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) have the potential to contribute to organizational and individual performance. Educators who have positive behaviours such as helping behaviour can help facilitate the learning process. With the spread of COVID-19 pandemic which has led to the growth of online learning, OCBs among educators is needed in facilitating students’ learning process. This study was conducted to examine the practice of OCB among lecturers from an institution of higher learning who are currently using online learning as the platform of teaching. Based on the input obtained from 136 students, the results found that lecturers are indeed showing high levels of OCB. These students have reported a total of forty behaviours classified as OCB among lecturers. In terms of implications, lecturers’ OCB are seen to be able to support the online learning process which is a new method for most students.

Keywords: Academic performance, COVID-19, e-learning, Organizational citizenship behaviours, pandemic.
Post-fire performance of structural steel
Authors: Adnan Sulayman Qahtan , Mahmood Mohammed 
Published: June 2021

Carbon steel is widely used in building industry. The different structural element might be exposed to high temperature during fire. The structural safety of steel buildings must be evaluated after they have suffered a fire. The assessment requires understanding the behaviour of carbon steel after heating. Therefore, this paper is aimed at studying the post-fire behaviour of carbon steel. A total of seventeen coupon specimens were tested by uniaxial tensile test. One of them was tested without heating and considered as a reference. Sixteen specimens were heated at a temperature of either 400°C or 700°C for different durations. Eight specimens were cooled in air and the others cooled in water. Heating durations were 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min. Results showed that the high-temperature has a great influence on decreasing the ultimate and yield stress and elongation for specimens cooled in the air. For specimens cooled in water, the decreased in yield and ultimate stress was minor comparing to the reference specimen. The ductility of water-cooled specimens showed a noticeable reduction comparing to specimens cooled in air. Increasing the heating time results in higher elongation for specimens heated to 400oC and lower elongation for specimens heated to 700oC, but the specimen loses strength in both cases