bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of seepage spring for rural water security
Authors: Ranjan Prem , Pandey Pankaj Kumar , Pandey Vanita , Lepcha Pema Tshering 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Springs are the lifeline of the Himalayan region. Local Communities are fully depended on spring water for drinking and household use. At present climate change scenario, majority of springs are either dried or have become seasonal. Water demand is also increasing day by day in this region with an increasing population. To sustain in this changing scenario, communities are fulfilling their water needs by developing seepage spring using traditional knowledge. Seepage springs are normally not of sufficient volume of water to be flowing beyond their above-ground location due to very low permeability which may or may not have high porosity. The seepage discharge can be enhancing by increasing the seepage surface by excavating caves of suitable dimensions. Developed seepage spring discharge rate is less but an optimum designed harvesting spring water collection box will be providing the assured water supply to local communities. It may full fill the 30-40 villager’s daily requirement of water in the dry period (i.e., December to April). In the present paper, steps of spring development including the design of the spring box are described. The development cost of spring is cheap if locally available material is used and tapping the water for distribution is also cheap due to gravity flow water supply system. The developed spring provide assured supply of clean drinking water to residents, livestock and wildlife throughout the year. The development technique of spring can be valuable for survival purpose human and helps the local wildlife by adding another source to the region.
Feasibility studies on bio composites using PLA and Epoxy for structural applications.
Authors: Vijaya Kumar N , Banapurmath N R , Ganachari Sharanabasava V , Sajjan Ashok M , Patil Arun Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Biopolymers are eco-friendly substitute materials to synthetic polymers due to their abundant resource, biodegradability, and ease of processing. In recent years biopolymer-based polymers attracted many researchers because of cost, lightweight, and recyclability. One of the most promising biopolymers used in many applications such as food, packaging, and medical and pharmaceutical industries is Polylactic Acid (PLA). Polymer scientists in the last decade widely investigated. Biopolymer is going to replace many synthetic materials. Desired properties of biopolymer can be obtained by blending with various additives. This research aims to reduce the dependence of synthetic polymer by reinforcing PLA in an Epoxy matrix. The Percentage of PLA is varied from 10 to 50% in a step of 10% using Solution Casting Technique. The mechanical, Functional (FTIR), thermal properties are investigated. The Epoxy and PLA composites with 20% PLA has shown improvement in Tensile strength compared to 10 and 30%.
Detection of Natural Calamities from Assamese Posts in Social Media
Authors: Kalita S , Deka R R , Bhuyan M P , Kashyap K , Sarma S K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Social media users and online news portals are rising exponentially in the Northeastern state of India, where every small instance of daily life are posted on social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter by the users in their native language. Every social media user post about their daily experiences on such kind of social media platform which gives explicit information happening in a particular place. From those posts, extracting of information has been tried regarding natural calamities, a detection system which detects real world happening of natural calamities in a particular place. The objective of this paper is to detect such events from Assamese text posted on social media. Suppose an earthquake has happened, the online news portals, social media users started reporting about the happening in various platforms, just by observing the post an earthquake can be detected easily. A powerful statistical model Conditional Random Field (CRF) is used to detect those natural calamities as events from the posts which are being posted using the Assamese language. This model has the objective to capture the real-world happenings while a goal have been achieved by introducing an event extraction rule. The CRF model is trained with a large dataset NCED20 which is develop manually. The model is trained on a set of features and selecting those features is a significant step in the learning process. In this paper, an algorithm to capture events from the social media post has been proposed.
Prediction of degree student achievement analysis
Authors: Jaiswal K C , Pathak P D , Pawar V J , Kharat K D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Accurately estimating student upcoming achievement based on their going on educational records is critical for successfully bringing out needful pedagogical to guarantee student on time acceptable graduation. There has been ample of literature survey done on estimating in student achievement analysis, it has been faced certain problems while collecting the student data such as Student having low financial background selected course, Some courses give less detail which leads to formulating imprecise decisions and student upcoming scores should be included. In this proposed system, a machine learning function is build to estimate student achievement in graduation programs to eliminate above challenges. In this proposed system, for estimating student achievement a Logistic Regression and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XgBoost) algorithm are used. The data is collected from various junior college with computer science course as elective dataset of India to estimate student’s achievement for selecting a relevant course.
RETRACTED: Improving the performance of speech clustering methods using I-vectors
Authors: Suneetha Rani R , Prasad G LV , Prakash A , Ramesh A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Identification of speaker for the speech segment is a challenging task in speech clustering. Similar segments (i.e., those segments are spoken by the same speaker) are grouped into a cluster. Thus, segment labelling is very important in speaker detection. Existing systems use the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) for deriving the GMM mean supervector of speech segments in segment labelling process. i-vectors are tougher than GMM mean supervectors and i-vectors are between GMM mean supervectors high-dimensional space and low-dimensional manifolds. Existing GMM based speech clustering method is modified by i-vectors for achieving an effective speech clustering method. In order to show the feasibility of the proposed work, Experiments are performed on real time speech datasets.
Text document clustering using statistical integrated graph based sentence sensitivity ranking algorithm
Authors: Kannan G , Nagarajan R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The proposed methodology employs a novel statistical integrated graph-based sentence sensitivity ranking algorithm for text document clustering. Clustering of documents is a task of grouping a document automatically into a list of meaningful clusters; in order for the documents inside a group to share the same topic. In this paper, first, a novel integrated graph-based methodology using the sentence sensitivity ranking is proposed to extract keyphrases from the documents. In the standard statistical approach, keyphrases are extracted on the basis of the sentence sensitivity ranking; and in the graph-based method, the candidate keyphrases are automatically created as graphs by applying the sentence sensitivity ranking. With the aid of the top listed keyphrases, the documents clustering are carried out by implementing the proposed sentence sensitivity ranking algorithm. The simulation results reveal that the proposed graph-based text document clustering using statistical integrated graph-based sentence sensitivity ranking algorithm obtained the best results for clustering the text documents.
Emotion driven mood enhancing multimedia recommendation system using physiological signal
Authors: Sindhu N , Jerritta S , Anjali R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper exhibits a proposal for developing a multimedia recommendation system that is driven by the emotion of the user. The multimedia system is designed in such a way that the user will not have to manually browse for the audio/video to be played, it will be played automatically based on the emotion. The database comprises ECG signals collected from DECAF. Anger and sadness, emotions contributing to negative mood are considered. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) was used for feature extraction and classification accuracy was determined using kNN, SVM. It was found that kNN classifies better than SVM. Realtime signals of one single healthy subject were collected based on a protocol built. Multimedia recommendation system operates automatically based on the classified emotion.
A proposed combined Cornell-Sokolow modeling approach to determine the left ventricular hypertrophy accurately based on multi-domain information processing
Authors: Mahin Muhtasheem Ajwad , Ahmad Mohiuddin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with cardiomyopathy and many other heart diseases. In this paper, the authors have proposed a combined Cornell-Sokolow (CCS) methodology to achieve significant improvement in detecting LVH by ECG/EKG with multi-domain analysis. Considering two famous voltage criteria simultaneously helps prevent the concealing of LVH in the patient’s data. The advancement of multi-domain analysis gives access to reach the algorithm from any common and cost-effective platform. This multi-domain analysis consists of both image and signal processing of the ECG data. In a MATLAB environment, these processes are quite accurate and optimized. With the help of the CCS model, the outcome of this research is satisfactory, both in terms of feature detection and LVH observation.
Design of a highly miniaturized novel electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) material for performance improvement in microwave components
Authors: Mohan C , Esther Florence S , Vimal Samsingh R , Ahmed Naveed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a new uniplanar compact spiral-shaped asymmetric electromagnetic bandgap structure for a low-profile antenna is proposed. The proposed EBG design is constructed, with four spiral-shaped radiators are combined with centre element, which printed on an FR-4 dielectric material. The miniaturisation of the EBG unitcell has been achieved by increasing the electrical length of the radiating element. The overall dimensions of the proposed EBG structure is very low about only 0.03 λ0 × 0.03 λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength at the resonating frequency of 2.4 GHz). Miniaturization of the proposed EBG structure is 86 % obtained when compared to conventional EBG structure for 2.4 GHz. This spiral-shaped EBG design can adequately suppress surface wave and it exhibits effective band-stop response at resonant frequency 2.4 GHz. The proposed EBG structure also provides improved performance especially peak gain, when it is placed beneath the antenna. A significant improvement in peak gain up to 1.7 dB and 15 % bandwidth at resonant frequency 2.4 GHz has been achieved after integration with proposed EBG design.
Design of novel track vigilance system in railway sheds
Authors: Usha K , Bhuvaneshwari M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The work presented in this paper attempts to propose a vigilance system to alert the workers in the industrial areas especially in railway workshop shed and yards. Vigilance system in railway sheds offer an effective way to reduce the occurrence of railway accidents Normally, staffs in railway sheds are working round the clock duties and placement of the rakes are also done round the clock. They follow a traditional system such as issuing of memos and announcements which are not sufficient to alert the workers about the arrival of rakes. This leads to the death of valuable lives. The proposed system incorporates relay module, limit switch and transceiver to detect the arrival of train and warn the workers with the help of hooter. The efficacy of the proposed system is checked and found indispensable to alert the employees in railway sheds.
Comprehensive studies on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) doped with MWCNTs and CNFs Nano composite membranes for fuel cells applications
Authors: Basavaraj Mallur , Gorabal S V , Banapurmath N R , Sajjan A M , Yaliwal V S , Kotresh M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This research work presents a comprehensive review and experimental studies on current trends in the development of proton exchange membrane (PEM) for fuel cell applications. The study focusses on fuel cells, types and their advantages when compared to convention energy conversion devices. Furthermore, research is essential for development of durable membrane resources/materials. Various aspects of PEM fuel cells have been reviewed to realize change in the membrane performance through characterization techniques adopted in this works. This study also focuses on gaps in already published literature which in turn limits our knowledge of characterization mechanism associated and the correlation existing between them. In addition, it needs to understand more appropriately to yield durable mechanisms. Further recent works on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells has been critically reviewed and in this direction two case studies have been presented as a part of experimental works carried out. Further Polymer based PEMs were developed using polyvinyl alcohol as a base matrix reinforced with different nano-particles viz., Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Carbon nano fibers (CNFs). The membranes were subjected to solubility and swelling tests and were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) for feasibility studies on their fuel cell applications.
An Innovative Way Of Implementing Efficient Mobile Charger Powered By Solar Energy
Authors: Sanitha Michail C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As non renewable energy sources are getting exhausted from earth, renewable energy sources need to be incorporated for daily needs. Mobile phones have become a vital part in life and its importance has increased so much that it needs to be kept charged. This paper proposes a system which is powered by solar energy to charge the mobile phones. The proposed system is designed to trap the solar energy and store it in a rechargeable battery. A mechanism to limit the over current flow in the circuit and to prevent the draining of battery and low voltage operation is incorporated in the system. Many low-voltage devices including mobile phones can be charged using this system and the charge in the battery is displayed with the help of LCD and a micro-controller
Net Zero Energy Apartment
Authors: Sangamesh  , Faraz Mohammed , Gagan  , Mallinath  , Aqib Mohhamed , Patil Nayana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In India, construction is the second largest industry next to agriculture, with respect to its contribution to the economy of our country. Construction sector consumes a lot of energy throughout the life cycle of the buildings and contributes immensely to the emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. Considerable amount of water is being consumed during the construction activities. It is found that In-dia’s water table is decreasing, Hence, there is a need to bring down en-ergy consumption and conservation and harvesting of water by implementing green and zero energy concepts. Net zero energy building is defined as a building with zero dependence on external source of energy. The main aim of this study is “Planning, analyzing and designing a 5 floor apartment building by implementing zero energy concepts and techniques”. Planning has been carried out by taking into account, the orientation aspects. Planning and plotting of the structure has been car-ried out using AutoCAD. Further analysis is done in STAAD Pro V8i and Cype taking the design loads for both zero energy and conventional building. Energy saving components such as rainwater harvesting system, solar panels, biogas plant, and wind energy and sewage treat-ment plant have been implemented as per standards. The dependence on external energy source is reduced by making use of the alternative energy sources such as solar PV panels, biogas and wind turbine there by making it economical environmental friendly. Estimation of the materials based on the drawings and specifications is carried out. Lastly, a comparative study of conventional versus zero energy building is done by performing cost benefit analysis of solar panel system.By using rainwater harvesting system the water bills reduced by 27% annually and by installing a solar panel with a capacity of 233 Kw/h led to the energy savings by 20 % annually. Also from the cost estima-tion, the payback period for green building was approximately 2.9 years for solar power.
Laser surface hardening of SS316L
Authors: Dongre Ganesh , Rajurkar Avadhoot , Gondil Ramesh , Jaju Nandan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Laser surface hardening is one of the effective method to enhance the mechanical properties of localised surface area of engineering parts made of different types of steels and other metals like titanium etc. Laser surface hardening has many advantages over conventional hardening process like, self-quenching, very fast, control over energy input and localised hardening etc. This work presents the effect of different laser parameters on the micro hardness of SS316L after laser hardening. The experimental work was carried out using 30W Diode-pumped nanosecond (ns) pulsed laser. Design of Experiments One Variable at a Time (OVAT) approach was used for experimentation. Laser power, laser scanning speed, frequency and number of passes were the process parameters used for the experiments. Effects of these parameters over the micro hardness of the surface are described. Along with this, discussion of features of microstructures using optical microscope are done. It has been found that, there is around 25% increase in hardness after laser hardening. Hardened depth up to 400 microns was obtained.
Modelling of leakages in rotary twin-screw compressor
Authors: Patel H H , Lakhera V J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The adiabatic and volumetric efficiencies are key performance parameters of any positive displacement machines including twin screw compressors. These efficiencies are affected by clearances and leakages in these machines. The leakage happen because of clearance gap and pressure difference between two pressurized chambers the compression module. In this work, findings from all the numerical and mathematical models are presented for different leakages in the twin-screw compressor. Authors proposed an iterative method to estimate the leakages by taking in account the geometry of the clearance, friction and local resistances. An experimental set up to collaborate the leakage model is presented, which can be used for further investigation of these leakages.
The effect of duct shape on the heat dissipation performance of ventilated clutch pressure plate
Authors: Cakmak T , Sevilgen G , Kilic M , Pehlivan A K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study presents the effects of duct design on thermo-fluidic characteristics of ventilated clutch pressure plate via validated numerical model. Two different duct designs are considered. Moreover, variation of duct width and airfoil shaped duct designs are investigated. Compared to non-ventilated conventional clutch pressure plate, results show that implementing duct shape enhances the overall cooling performance by up to 154% at idle speed 550 rpm, 137% at 1200 rpm, and 142% at 2000 rpm. Once only the duct shapes are considered, it is found that the variation of inlet and outlet duct width has negligible effect on overall cooling performance. Further, radial airfoil shaped duct design shows the best cooling performance in overall among all duct shapes, and enhances the overall cooling performance by up to 11% at 550 rpm idle speed compared to non-airfoil radial duct design. In addition, implementation of ventilated design results weight reduction up to 25%. Heat transfer enhancement mechanisms clarified in the present study are helpful to motivate further innovative lightweight solutions in order to overcome the challenges related to the recent CO2 regulation for Heavy Duty Vehicles.
An analytical study on fluid flow characteristics for flow within a microchannel of rectangular cross section
Authors: Joshi R , Simlandi S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The present work considers fluid flow analysis within a microchannel of rectangular cross section with different exact and approximate analytical techniques. Thus, velocity slip at the solid wall of the channel is considered. The slip flow is transformed to a no-slip flow with some minor modifications by applying an average slip velocity. The flow is represented by the Navier-Stokes equation exposed to slip boundary conditions. The governing equation is solved considering separation of variables method (SOV) as an exact method and, Integral and Variational methods as approximate methods. The Poiseuille number and slip coefficient are also determined for each method. The present prediction agrees well with available literature. To predict accuracy level of all the techniques, the results are presented in a comparative scale along with numerical prediction. It is observed that the accuracy level for the velocity profile obtained in each technique depends on the aspect ratio where as for the prediction of Poiseuille number and slip coefficient, all the technique show less dependency on the aspect ratio.
Lightweight innovative composite dry clutch pressure plate
Authors: Cakmak T , Cagatay Oter Z , Surmen O 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study presents an innovative lightweight composite dry clutch pressure plate including aluminum foam structure in its core. Mechanical burst performance via finite element method of five different composite designs, in which the core foam structure is planned to be obtained via powder metallurgy, is considered. Moreover, a literature review of the powder mixture effect on aluminum foaming experimentation is presented. Compared to conventional serial clutch pressure plate, proposed composite concept reduces the overall weight by up to 47%, however increases stress by up to 65%. Concept design does not only reduces the weight but also enhances the heat dissipation thanks to the increase of convective surface. Mechanisms in the present study are helpful to motivate further innovative lightweight solutions in order to overcome the challenges related to the recent CO2 regulation for Heavy Duty Vehicles.