bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“It’s not the same without you:” Exploring the experience and perception of transition for people with intellectual disabilities and dementia
Authors: Sheth Alisa Jordan , Kramer Jessica M. , Magasi Susan , Heller Tamar , Nishida Akemi , Hammel Joy 
Published: July 2021

Accessible Summary

This project focuses on people with intellectual disabilities and dementia that live in group homes or care facilities in the United States.

People in this project shared how their life changed as they got older. They talked about where they live, what they do for work and how they get to spend their day.

All the people in this project talked about how it was important for them to see their friends, even if where they lived or worked changed.

People in this project worried that they would have to move or stop doing activities that were important to them if they started to need more help.

People with intellectual disabilities and dementia should receive support to continue to see friends and do their favourite activities as they get older.

AbstractBackgroundFor people with intellectual disabilities and dementia, transitions are likely to become increasingly common as they age. While transitions experienced by people with intellectual disabilities in young adulthood are frequently studied, less is known about transitions in older adults, including residential, vocational and leisure changes. This article aims to explore the experiences of transition from the perspectives of people with intellectual disabilities and dementia, including the impact on their daily lives.MethodologyThree women with intellectual disabilities and dementia living in residential settings participated in participant observations and informal interviews across a variety of environments and activities. Field notes and interview transcripts underwent a thematic analysis focusing on transitions.FindingsParticipants experienced the impact of transitions in their residential placements, day programming, leisure activities and relationships. Themes related to their experiences of transitions included making sense of transitions, utilising peer care networks for support and tackling the looming threat of loss and transition.ConclusionsPeer care networks and friendships are crucial in supporting people during and after transitions. Receiving effective supports to maintain relationships, roles and activities, even in seemingly minor ways, is an important right for people with intellectual disabilities and dementia, particularly as care needs increase.
Novel RAF/MEK inhibitor CH5126766/VS‐6766 has efficacy in combination with eribulin for the treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Ono Hisako , Horinaka Mano , Sukeno Mamiko , Morita Mie , Yasuda Shusuke , Nishimoto Emi , Konishi Eiichi , Sakai Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2021

AbstractVarious molecular‐targeting drugs have markedly improved the treatment of patients with breast cancer. As yet, therapies for triple‐negative breast cancer are mainly cytotoxic agents. To investigate the novel therapy for triple‐negative breast cancer, we herein examined the effects of a new combination therapy comprising a RAF/MEK inhibitor CH5126766, also known as VS‐6766, which we originally discovered, and eribulin. The combination of CH5126766 and eribulin potently inhibited cell growth in the triple‐negative breast cancer cell lines tested. The underlying mechanism in the efficacy of this combination treatment in vitro and in vivo was due to enhanced apoptosis through the suppression of survivin and Bcl‐2 family proteins. We also showed the suppressed expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in combination therapy in vivo. We found that combination therapy with eribulin and CH5126766 for triple‐negative breast cancer inhibited cell growth by apoptosis and raised a possibility that immune responses through suppression of PD‐L1 might partially contribute to inhibition of tumor growth, indicating the potential of this combination as a novel strategy for triple‐negative breast cancer.
Cross‐sectional analysis of emergency hypoglycaemia and outcome predictors among people with diabetes in an urban population
Authors: Uduku Chukwuma , Pendolino Valentina , Godsland Ian , Oliver Nick , Reddy Monika , Fothergill Rachael T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims/hypothesisOut‐of‐hospital hypoglycaemia is a common complication for individuals with diabetes mellitus and represents a significant burden to emergency medical services (EMS). We aim to identify the factors associated with receiving parenteral treatment and hospital conveyance.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed a 6‐month data set of all London EMS hypoglycaemia. Individuals with a known diabetes diagnosis were included in our analysis and stratified as either having type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes.ResultsA total of 2862 incidents occurred within the area served by London Ambulance Service between January and June 2018. Fifty percent of incidents required parenteral treatment (intravenous glucose or intramuscular glucagon) and were conveyed to hospital. A higher arrival of blood glucose, intact consciousness and receiving oral glucose treatment were all negative predictors for requiring parenteral therapy. Forty‐three percent of incidents were labelled as ‘hypoglycaemia’ by the EMS call handler, and greater odds of hospitalisation were observed among incidents that received parenteral treatment (OR 2.52 [95% CI 1.46, 4.33] p < 0.01) and individuals with type 2 diabetes (OR 2.67 [95% CI 1.52, 4.71] p < 0.01). Repeated callouts from 2% (n = 50) of individuals accounted for 10% (286) of all incidents attended, and 56.4% of individuals attended by EMS on more than one occasion had type 1 diabetes.Conclusions/interpretationSevere hypoglycaemia requiring emergency service attendance remains common, as does the requirement for parenteral therapy and conveyance to hospital. Early intervention, education and improved accessibility to risk prevention strategies may reduce the necessity for emergency parenteral treatment and hospitalisation, especially among individuals suffering from recurrent hypoglycaemia and high‐risk individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Career concerns and personnel investment in the Major League Baseball player draft
Authors: Roach Michael A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between career concerns of organizational decision‐makers and their investments by analyzing data from Major League Baseball's (MLB) annual player draft. Career concerns for MLB general managers (GMs) can create incentives to prioritize near‐term success and thus spend fewer draft resources on high school players (who, being younger than college players, are less likely to provide near‐term benefit to an MLB team). Findings are consistent with this: underperforming expectations in the prior season leads teams to spend significantly smaller proportions of signing bonus dollars on high school players, an effect driven by GMs with relatively short tenures.
Between a humanistic and economic model of lifelong learning: The validation system in Poland
Authors: Gmaj Iwona , Fijałkowska Barbara 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article showcases the Polish validation system through the lens of Critical Discourse Analysis and two models of lifelong learning—the economic and humanistic one, treated as competitive narratives on lifelong learning. We argue that some contradictions can be observed, generated by a clash between the two approaches, as the validation system subscribes to an economic model, while leaning on chosen elements of the humanistic model without maintaining humanistic values. We analyse the premises and structure of the Integrated Qualifications System (IQS) that introduced validation to Poland, as well as the practices emerging with the implementation of the IQS that began in 2015. Our main source of data are legal documents, the systems' institutional structure and core mechanisms as well as various studies conducted by the Educational Research Institute as part of implementing the IQS from 2017 to 2020. We conclude that the most serious consequence of the aforementioned contradictions and the resulting tensions is that the concept of validation as a process aimed at recognising non‐formal and informal learning while providing guidance for the individual, is played down in the system. This is particularly concerning as it represents the marginalisation of the needs of learners, who are the systems’ end users.
COVID‐19 and Mental Health of Young Adult Children in China: Economic Impact, Family Dynamics, and Resilience
Authors: Cui Ming , Hong Peipei 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveThe current study aimed to examine the economic impact of COVID‐19 virus on family dynamics and college‐age children's mental health in China and to identity personal and social or relational resilience factors that could buffer the negative consequences of COVID‐19.BackgroundSince an outbreak of COVID‐19 was first reported in China in December 2019, it has profoundly changed the lives of families and children of all ages. In particular, it has created challenges among families with college‐age young adult children.MethodUsing a sample of 484 college students from 21 universities in China, an online survey design was utilized to obtain information from these students on their family demographics and economic situation, parent–child interactions, and individual well‐being during COVID‐19.ResultsResults from structural equation modeling suggested that family income loss due to COVID‐19 was related to economic pressure. Economic pressure was associated with negative interactions between parents and young adult children, which were associated with problems in young adult children's mental health (i.e., anxiety and depressive symptoms). Further, self‐control was found to buffer the association between family income loss and economic pressure, and respect for family was found to weaken the association between economic pressure and negative parent–child interactions.ConclusionFindings supported the hypotheses of the negative impacts of COVID‐19 on young adult children's mental health and the resilience factors that buffered the negative impacts.ImplicationsImplications to family researchers, family life educators, practitioners, and policymakers were discussed.
Cyanobacterial blooms in oligotrophic lakes: Shifting the high‐nutrient paradigm
Authors: Reinl Kaitlin L. , Brookes Justin D. , Carey Cayelan C. , Harris Ted D. , Ibelings Bas W. , Morales‐Williams Ana M. , De Senerpont Domis Lisette N. , Atkins Karen S. , Isles Peter D. F. , Mesman Jorrit P. , North Rebecca L. , Rudstam Lars G. , Stelzer Julio A. A. , Venkiteswaran Jason J. , Yokota Kiyoko , Zhan Qing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Freshwater cyanobacterial blooms have become ubiquitous, posing major threats to ecological and public health.

Decades of research have focused on understanding drivers of these blooms with a primary focus on eutrophic systems; however, cyanobacterial blooms also occur in oligotrophic systems, but have received far less attention, resulting in a gap in our understanding of cyanobacterial blooms overall.

In this review, we explore evidence of cyanobacterial blooms in oligotrophic freshwater systems and provide explanations for those occurrences.

We show that through their unique physiological adaptations, cyanobacteria are able to thrive under a wide range of environmental conditions, including low‐nutrient waterbodies.

We contend that to fully understand cyanobacterial blooms, and thereby mitigate and manage them, we must expand our inquiries to consider systems along the trophic gradient, and not solely focus on eutrophic systems, thus shifting the high‐nutrient paradigm to a trophic‐gradient paradigm.
Niche overlap and divergence times support niche conservatism in eastern Asia–eastern North America disjunct plants
Authors: Yin Xue , Jarvie Scott , Guo Wen‐Yong , Deng Tao , Mao Lingfeng , Zhang Minhua , Chu Chengjin , Qian Hong , Svenning Jens‐Christian , He Fangliang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe plant species sharing ancestors now disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia (EAS) and eastern North America (ENA) have long been a biogeographic puzzle. Species within the EAS–ENA disjunct genera are presumed to exhibit niche conservatism, the tendency of closely related species to be more ecologically similar, reflecting lineages’ common evolutionary history. However, the hypothesis has not been well examined at the species level.LocationEAS and ENA.Time periodCurrent.Major taxa studiedSpecies within the EAS–ENA disjunct genera.MethodsWe compiled data on climate, species occurrence, growth form, and phylogeny to examine niche conservatism. We first built a phylogenetic tree to select intercontinental congeneric pairwise species and obtained their divergence times. We then quantified the observed niche overlaps with Schoener’s D, which has a 0–1 range, based on species occurrence and climate of species’ native ranges. To obtain projected distributions, each species’ niche was projected to the non‐native region using ensemble ecological niche models. Projected‐related niche overlaps were then calculated using projected distributions and the corresponding climatic conditions.ResultsAverage observed niche overlaps of congeneric pairwise species were relatively small: .124, .211 and .109 for all, herbaceous and woody species, respectively. Both observed and projected‐related niche overlaps had significant negative relationships with divergence times of intercontinental congeneric pairwise species, with niche overlap for herbaceous species being higher than that for woody plants when controlling for divergence times.Main conclusionsWe conclude that the significant negative relationships between niche overlap and divergence times of congeneric pairwise species confirm niche conservatism among species of EAS–ENA disjunct plants and that the extent of niche conservatism is slightly different for herbaceous and woody plants. These findings suggest the potential role of allopatric speciation in EAS, and could help to understand the evolutionary history and the Asian‐bias diversity pattern of the EAS–ENA disjunct plants.
Endurance cycle ergometry tests performed at a sub‐maximal work rate elicit peak physiological and symptom responses in adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Sawyer Abbey , Cavalheri Vinicius , Jenkins Sue , Wood Jamie , Singh Bhajan , Hill Kylie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTime to symptom limitation (Tlim) achieved during constant work rate tests is considerably more responsive to change than measures commonly recorded during ramp‐based tests, such as peak rate of oxygen uptake and maximal work rate (Wmax). There is limited literature on the use of, and physiological and symptom responses to, constant work rate cycle ergometry tests in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The results of this study provide evidence that the constant work rate cycle ergometry test, when conducted at 80% of the Wmax, elicits peak physiological and symptom responses and appears to be safe in adults with CF. For clinicians prescribing exercise at an intensity approaching or equivalent to 80% of the Wmax in a non‐laboratory‐based setting, consideration needs to be given to the level of supervision and patient monitoring required.
Dynamic exergy analysis: From industrial data to exergy flows
Authors: Michalakakis Charalampos , Cullen Jonathan M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs the power and transport sectors decarbonize, industrial emissions will become the main focus of decarbonization efforts. Exergy analysis provides a combined material and energy efficiency approach to assess industrial plants, both of which are necessary to tackle industrial emissions. Existing studies typically use simulated, static data that cannot inform real plant operators. This paper performs an exergy analysis on data spanning 2 years from 311 sensors of a real ammonia production site. We develop methods to overcome unique data challenges associated with real industrial data processing, visualize resource flows in Sankey diagrams, and estimate exergy indicators for both the steam methane reforming plant and its constituent processes. We evaluate average conventional and transit exergy efficiencies for the plant (71%, 15%), primary reformer (86%, 40%), secondary reformer (96%, 71%), high‐temperature shift (99.7%, 77%), combustor (56%, 55%), and heat exchange section (85%, 82%). Overall exergy losses are 80 MW; the primary reformer and combustor are the two processes with the highest losses at 35 and 33 MW, respectively. Such an analysis can inform both improvement projects and performance finetuning of a real plant while being applicable to any industrial site. Increased availability of cheap wireless sensors and a shift to Industry 4.0 can enable higher resolution and real‐time performance monitoring.
Diagnostic accuracy of oral thermometry for fever detection in adult patients: literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kiekkas Panagiotis , Aretha Diamanto , Tzenalis Anastasios , Stefanopoulos Nikolaos 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo synthesise the evidence on the accuracy and precision of oral thermometry in adult patients, as well as on its sensitivity and specificity for fever detection.BackgroundOral thermometry has long been used in various clinical settings thanks to its rapid, safe and convenient measurements, which are easy to obtain and minimally prone to operator errors.DesignLiterature review and meta‐analysis that adhered to the PRISMA statement.MethodsBy using key terms, literature searches were conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library. Method‐comparison studies, which were published from January 1990 to December 2020 in English‐language, peer‐reviewed journals, compared oral temperature measurements with invasive thermometry ones, and were conducted on patients ≥18 years, were included. Methodological quality of selected studies was evaluated with QUADAS‐2.ResultsSixteen articles were selected for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed as low in most of them. Quantitative synthesis indicated that pooled mean oral temperature was lower than core temperature by .07℃, with 95% limits of agreement ranging between −.22℃ and .08℃. Pooled sensitivity and specificity for fever detection (defined as core temperature ≥38℃ in most studies) were .53 (95% confidence interval, .39–.66) and .98 (95% confidence interval, .97–.99), respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated larger temperature underestimation in case rectal temperature was used as reference standard.ConclusionDespite its satisfactory accuracy, precision and specificity, oral thermometry has low sensitivity for fever detection, which entails a high number of false‐negative readings and uncertainty for excluding fever in patients found to be non‐febrile.Relevance to clinical practiceOral thermometry cannot be recommended for replacing invasive thermometry methods in hospitalised adult patients, considering the high incidence of fever in them and possible negative effects of missing fever for patient diagnosis and outcomes.
Turkish validity and reliability study for the person‐centered maternity care scale
Authors: Özşahin Zeliha , Altiparmak Sümeyye , Aksoy Derya Yeşim , Kayhan Tetik Burcu , Inceoğlu Feyza 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimThe objective was to adapt the person‐centered maternity care scale (PCMCS) developed by Afulani et al. in 2017 to Turkish and to perform the validity and reliability study of this scale.MethodsThe population of this methodological study consisted of 280 mothers who were referred to the postpartum service of a public hospital in eastern Turkey. Linguistic validity, context validity, and pilot practice studies regarding the PCMCS that could be used in the first nine postpartum weeks were performed. Explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to assess the construct validity of the form. Reliability of PCMCS was tested through the Cronbach'sαinternal consistency coefficient, total item correlation, and test–retest analysis.ResultsThe Turkish version of the PCMCS a 21‐item scale with three sub‐dimensions was obtained. These three sub‐dimensions found as a result of explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported the scale structure. Cronbach'sαreliability coefficient scale was adequate for total and sub‐dimensions.ConclusionTurkish version of PCMCS was found to be a valid and reliable instrument to be used for assessing the person‐centered maternity care for women in the postpartum period.
Changes in brain metabolites and resting‐state connectivity in collegiate basketball players as a function of play time
Authors: Sung Dongsuk , Smith Jeremy L. , Yarabarla Suma , Prasad Ojaswa , Owusu‐Ansah Maame , Ekici Selin , Allen Jason W. , Mines Brandon , Fleischer Candace C. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeMagnetic resonance (MR) biomarkers are emerging for sports‐related traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the effect of play time has not been characterized. Our goal was to characterize brain and inflammatory marker changes as a function of play time.MethodsNine male players (21±2 years old) from a single collegiate basketball team were included. MR imaging (MRI), MR spectroscopy, and plasma were collected pre, mid, and postseason. Game time played was calculated for each subject. Changes in brain volume, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), metabolites (normalized to total creatine, tCr), temperature, structural and functional connectivity, and inflammatory markers were quantified.ResultsMyo‐inositol/tCr in the left frontal white matter and brain temperature in the left frontal lobe varied significantly between time points. Glutamate (Glu/tCr) in the right frontal white matter andN‐acetylaspartate in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) were negatively associated with minutes played. Midseason play time was associated with stronger blood‐oxygen‐level‐dependent correlations between PCC and occipital areas, and weaker correlations between PCC and superior frontal connectivity. PCC Glu/tCr was positively associated with connectivity between the PCC and posterior supramarginal gyrus at preseason and with connectivity across time points among several right hemisphere regions. Volume, DTI, and inflammatory markers did not vary significantly.ConclusionGiven that MR parameters vary with game play time in the absence of diagnosed injury, play time should be considered as a factor in sports‐related TBI research.
The microbiome‐gut‐brain and social behavior
Authors: Ignatow Gabe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper argues for the sociological relevance of contemporary research from ‘relational’ or ‘systems’ biology on the microbiome‐gut‐brain (MGB) axis. I review research on the MGB from microbial neuroendocrinology, nutritional psychiatry and other fields with a specific focus on nutrition as a critical element of the social environment influencing gene‐environment interactions and a range of social behaviors. I discuss two plausible causal pathways from nutritional factors such as dietary inflammatory potential and hypocholesterolemia to social bonding, violence, and political extremism, and conclude with a discussion of the theoretical, methodological, and epistemological implications of these pathways, and of MGB research and relational biology generally, for social science.