bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SENSING SPOUSAL CARE DYADS’ ACTIVITY PATTERNS: TWO NOVEL DYADIC METRICS FOR CAPTURING TIME USE
Authors: Miller Lyndsey , Au-Yeung Wan-Tai , Lyons Karen , Steele Joel , Kaye Jeffrey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spousal care dyads’ in-home activity and routines are typically captured through self-report. Remote passive sensing offers a sensitive, continuous, and ecologically-valid method of assessment that increases the ability to detect patterns of daily activities and function; however, there are challenges of deploying these technologies among dyads in the community setting and in the context of dementia. In this study of 47 co-habiting care dyads (person living with dementia and their spouse, x ̅=71.3 years in age), we aimed to characterize aspects of daily dyadic activity patterns using an in-home sensor platform. Additionally, we aimed to understand the relationship between these novel activity patterns and the dyad’s relationship (caregiver burden and dyadic relationship strain). Activity measures included independent life space activity (dyads’ active time in separate rooms) and time spent out of the home, both of which were captured by infrared motion and door contact sensors. Dyads also wore an actigraphy watch that captured daily step counts (X ̿= 3548/day) and nightly sleep duration (X ̿= 7.6 hours). According to mixed effects modeling, there was a significant inverse association between the amount of time spent out of the home and the amount of time spent conducting independent life space activity (p &lt; 0.001), but no significant associations with step counts or sleep duration. When relating activity patterns to aspects of the caregiving relationship, there was an inverse relationship between average step counts and level of caregiver burden (reported weekly), and between relationship strain and time spent out of the home.
WORKING LIFE EXPECTANCY AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER MEXICAN MEN AND WOMEN
Authors: Chiu Chi-Tsun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With rapid population aging, partly contributed by increasing life expectancy, work and retirement related issues – including increases in retirement age and sustainability of pension systems – are increasingly pertinent. Many countries have increased or considered increasing the legal age of retirement for receipt of pensions and introduced measures for increasing the length of working life – in Mexico specifically, from 2028 onward, early retirement will be penalized. Furthermore, more individuals are continuing to work beyond current mandatory retirement ages, such as being self-employed or working in the gig economy. Estimates of the average number of years individuals remain in the workforce from middle age (age 50 years) are needed to assess the feasibility of potential policy changes and provide the evidence base to inform policymaking. This study uses the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS), a national longitudinal study of adults 50 years and older in Mexico, to compute life expectancy (LE) and working life expectancy (WLE) by gender. Our results show that at age 50, Mexican men’s LE is 29.0 (27.8-30.2) and WLE is 16.7 (16.0-17.4) years, i.e. 57.6% of LE. Mexican women live longer, with a LE of 32.4 (31.5-33.3) years, however, have a much lower WLE of 8.1 (7.5-8.8) years or 25.0% of LE. The findings highlight the strong sex disparity in WLE, disfavoring women, in Mexico and underscore the need for policymakers to address it. Targeted policies and initiatives are required to promote greater and continued labor force participation for middle-aged and older Mexican women.
ADDRESSING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH DURING CARE TRANSITIONS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Bankole Ayomide 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Care transitions, such as transitions from hospital to home or home health care, are particularly challenging periods for many older adults with unaddressed social determinants of health (SDOH) needs. For instance, older adults might experience barriers in accessing transportation for follow-up medical appointments or acquiring prescribed medications due to financial limitations. These challenges significantly impact health outcomes, often resulting in emergency department visits and re-hospitalizations for many older adults. Addressing social determinants during care transitions is crucial for promoting safe, effective, equitable, and quality healthcare delivery, particularly for those with the greatest social vulnerabilities. In this symposium, we present research, and recommendations from an interdisciplinary group of clinicians from nursing, rehabilitation therapy, and social work disciplines. Dr. Osokpo will start the symposium by proposing a theoretical framework for addressing social determinants during care transitions. Dr. Bankole will describe the characteristics of socio-economically disadvantaged older adults (dual eligible beneficiaries) who transition to home healthcare, for post-acute care services. Dr. Nguyen will discuss the implementation and evaluation of a transitional care intervention that addresses service needs for dementia caregivers and those whose primary language is not English. For the final presentation, Denise Dews MSW will describe an interprofessional collaborative approach to delivering high-quality transitional care to improve outcomes for socially vulnerable older adults. Together, these presentations will offer recommendations to enhance care transitions, with implications for interprofessional clinical education, practice, and research.
ADVANCING ORAL HEALTH AND ORAL HEALTH–RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE MEASURES ACROSS DIVERSE POPULATIONS
Authors: Wu Bei , Ghezzi Elisa , Shuman Stephen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This symposium demonstrates the intricate interplay between social and behavioral factors and their impact on the oral health status of older immigrant populations in the United States. It also examines the efficacy of self-reported oral health measures within diverse populations. Understanding these dynamics and valid measures to be used in these populations is crucial for developing targeted interventions and policies to address oral health disparities within these communities. The first study scrutinizes oral health trends among older adults based on their immigration status in the United States, leveraging data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey. Findings reveal an overall decline in self-reported fair/poor oral health from 1999 to 2018, yet significant oral health disparities persist, notably among non-US citizens. The second study investigates the correlation between caregiving circumstances, care recipient characteristics, and oral hygiene assistance among dementia caregivers within Chinese American communities. Insights stem from a pilot study conducted in New York City. The third study delves into the relationship between support from adult children and perceived oral health among both foreign-born and U.S.-born Chinese Americans. This study provides evidence for resilience pathways that connect social support from children to older immigrants’ oral health. Lastly, based on a systematic review, the fourth study unpacks the construct of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) within existing measures for adults, assessing their psychometric properties. Six distinct subdomains emerge, including pain/discomfort, oral diseases and disorders, functional limitations, oral hygiene, oral hygiene behavior, and psychosocial impact.
AI AGEISM: A ROADMAP FOR STUDYING AGEISM IN THE ERA OF ALGORITHMS: REFLECTIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
Authors: Stypinska Justyna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
AI ageism offers a conceptual framework for analyzing ageism and age discrimination within the field of AI. It encompasses five interconnected forms: (1) age biases in algorithms and datasets (technical level), (2) age stereotypes, prejudices and ideologies of actors in AI (individual level), (3) invisibility of old age in discourses on AI (discourse level), (4) discriminatory effects of use of AI technology on different age groups (group level), (5) exclusion as users of AI technology, services, and products (user level). The presentation reflects on the conceptual framework in the light of empirical evidence and data collected in four countries: Germany, Spain, Great Britain and the Netherlands within an interdisciplinary research project AGEAI. The empirical analysis from three work packages of the project will be shown: a) policy text analysis; b) computational algorithmic simulation; c) qualitative interviews with older persons. The preliminary results substantiate the knowledge about how ageism operates within the field of AI, and expose subtle, yet powerful modes of exclusion of older adults from that field. In conclusion, future directions on research in ageism in AI are discussed
THE BLACK BOX OF AI-AGEISM: EXPLORING THE CO-CONSTITUTION OF AGING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Gallistl Vera , Banday Muneeb Ul Lateef , Berridge Clara , Grigorovich Alisa , Jarke Juliane , Mannheim Ittay , Marshall Barbara , Peine Alexander 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Algorithmic technologies and (large) data infrastructures, often referred to as Artificial Intelligence (AI), have received increasing attention from gerontological research in the last decade. So far, however, available studies have often focused on evaluating the “impact” of AI technologies on the lives of older people, while critical engagement with theory has been largely absent in these studies. In this paper, we make a novel contribution by critically engaging with the theorizing in this growing field of research. We observe that gerontology’s engagement with AI is shaped by an interventionist logic that situates AI as a black box for gerontological research. We demonstrate how this black box logic has neglected many aspects of AI as a research topic for gerontology and discuss three classical concepts in gerontology to show how they can be used to open various black boxes of aging and AI in the areas: a) the datafication of aging, b) the political economy of AI and aging, and c) everyday engagements and embodiments of AI in later life. In the final chapter, we propose a model of the co-constitution of aging and AI that makes theoretical propositions to study the relational terrain between aging and AI and hence aims to open the black box of AI in gerontology beyond an interventionist logic.
FITNESS AND TIME OF MUTATION ACQUISITION A BETTER PREDICTOR OF OUTCOME IN CLONAL HEMOPOIESIS COMPARED TO CLONE SIZE
Authors: Kirschner Kristina , Cox Simon , Crespo Tamir Chandra Neil Robertson Eric , Schumacher Linus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The prevalence of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) in healthy individuals increases rapidly from age 60 onwards and has been associated with increased risk for malignancy, heart disease and ischemic stroke. CHIP is driven by somatic mutations in stem cells that are also drivers of myeloid malignancies. We previously reported gene specific fitness effects in two longitudinal cohorts of aging. We now set out to define fitness effects across three longitudinal cohorts of aging in a total of 713 participants. We found that fitness correlates with timing of mutations, which needs to be taken into account when predicting health outcomes. We show that fitness and the time of mutations are superior predictors of outcomes such as all-cause mortality compared to the commonly used clone size (variant allele frequency). Our new predictor even outperforms age, the most important predictor for the onset of age-related disease thus far. In conclusion, the fitness landscape of mutations and their context in terms of clonal composition and timing of mutation acquisition are important parameters to bring CH predictors into the clinic.
ASSOCIATION OF KIDNEY MARKERS AND DUAL TRAJECTORIES OF COGNITIVE AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION
Authors: Shrestha Aman , Shardell Michelle , Chen Chixiang , Seliger Stephen L , Ginsberg Charles , Miller Lindsay , Tian Teresa , Simonsick Eleanor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The interplay between kidney health and cognitive-physical function has garnered increased attention. Dual trajectories consider simultaneous longitudinal changes in cognitive-physical function. Among participants in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study with initially fast gait and high cognitive function, we assessed associations between baseline kidney function markers and joint longitudinal cognition-gait trajectories. Grouped-based trajectory analysis performed on modified mini-mental state (years 3, 5, 8, 10) and 20-meter usual gait speed (years 3–6, 8, 10) yielded three dual trajectory groups: Group 1 (n=660; exhibited sustained superior longitudinal cognitive-physical performance), Group 2 (n=744; high sustained cognition and initially lower, steadily declining gait), and Group 3 (n=498; lowest initial cognitive-physical performance, both steeply declining over time). Four sequential multinomial regression models were built. Model 1 showed a higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73m2) to be associated with lower odds of Group 3 versus Group 1 (odds ratio[OR]=0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97–0.99) after adjusting for covariates. Model 2 estimated 19% greater odds of Group 2 per log-transformed urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (mg/g) (OR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.05–1.35) and 35% greater odds of Group 3 (OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.17–1.55) versus Group 1. In Model 3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D was not significantly associated with cognitive-physical trajectory. Model 4 added parathyroid hormone, alpha-klotho, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) (p=0.044 Model 4 versus 3); FGF23 was significantly associated with cognitive-physical trajectory (Group 3 versus 1 per log-transformed FGF23 [pg/mL]: OR=1.51, 95%CI:1.00–2.28). Findings support a potential role of kidney health in dual cognitive-physical performance among initially healthy older adults.
PROTEIN INTAKE AND MORTALITY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A MULTICOHORT POPULATION-BASED STUDY
Authors: Carballo-Casla Adrián , Avesani Carla Maria , Beridze Giorgi , Ortolá Rosario , Carrero Juan-Jesús , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Vetrano Davide Liborio , Calderón-Larrañaga Amaia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Avoiding high protein intake in older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may reduce the risk of kidney function decline, but associations with nutritional status and survival are not well known. We aimed to study the associations of total, animal, and plant protein intake with all-cause mortality in older adults without and with mild or moderate CKD. We used data from three cohorts (Seniors-ENRICA 1 and Seniors-ENRICA 2 in Spain, and SNAC-K in Sweden) comprising 8,539 community-dwelling adults ≥60 years. CKD was ascertained according to estimated glomerular filtration rates, urine albumin excretion, and diagnoses from medical records. Cumulative protein intake was estimated via validated dietary histories and food frequency questionnaires. Vital status was ascertained with national death registers. Associations were estimated with Cox proportional hazards regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, morbidity, and dietary variables. After a maximum follow-up of 15 years, 1,901 deaths were recorded. Higher total protein intake was associated with lower mortality among participants with CKD [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 g/kg/day versus 0.8 g/kg/day = 0.90 (0.83,0.98), 0.82 (0.70,0.96), and 0.75 (0.62,0.92), respectively]. Plant protein showed a stronger inverse association than animal protein [0.77 (0.64,0.92) and 0.92 (0.86,0.98) per 0.2 g/kg/day increment, respectively]. Among participants without CKD, most associations were stronger, but no statistically significant interactions between protein intake and CKD arose. Higher protein intake, particularly plant protein, was associated with lower mortality in older adults with mild or moderate CKD. Associations did not differ substantially in older persons without CKD.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH FOR PROMOTING OLDER ADULT HEALTH: A SNAPSHOT OF PCORI-FUNDED PROJECTS
Authors: Shih Regina , Majid Tabassum 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The number of Americans over the age of 65 is projected to reach 95 million by 2060, making up approximately a quarter of the population. Health care, social, and community services can benefit from evidence-based strategies to better address the increasingly complex needs of this large and heterogeneous population. Comparative effectiveness research (CER) within these settings can promote older adult health when its patient-centered principles are embedded across the continuum of research from study design, conduct, evaluation, translation, implementation and dissemination with engagement throughout the process. PCORI’s approach to CER has resulted in a framework that addresses older adult health across the aging continuum. This session will describe three aging projects funded by PCORI: 1) healthy aging and villages, 2) dental care in low-income housing, and 3) comprehensive dementia care for patients and caregivers. PCORI program officers will kick off the symposium by describing its aging framework and funding priorities for real-world CER. The symposium will describe meaningful outcomes for older adults, their caregivers, evidence-based clinical practice, and the health, social, and community-based care systems that support older adults. Each presentation will feature the diverse perspectives of community, social service, or clinical partners on the projects and conclude with successes and challenges in conducting CER with older adults. This session will facilitate active discussion of approaches used across the continuum of aging and the research process with implications for future priorities in healthy aging interventions, caregiver supports, and integration of interventions into multiple care systems. Patient/Person Engagement in Research Interest Group Sponsored Symposium
A TRADITIONAL HEALING PROGRAM ON THE NAVAJO NATION DURING COVID
Authors: Kopera-Frye Karen , John Karen , Frank Robynn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tribal Critical Race Theory (TribalCrit) posits three types of knowledge: 1) cultural knowledge or tribal ways including traditions and Indigenous Ways of Knowing (IWOK); 2) knowledge of survival involving how and why change and adaptation can be beneficial to the community; and 3) academic knowledge often referred to as ‘‘book smarts.’’ IWOK and academic knowledge are critical for survival and improving the lives in Native communities. This project can best be thought of as a variation of Community-based participatory Research, or Community-based participatory advocacy. Two Navajo students and a faculty member created a project which would use traditional healing community values to understand how COVID had disrupted cultural ways, including IWOK. A Navajo program, beginning in 2007 called “Restoring and Celebrating Family Wellness (RCFW)” involved an organized tribal summit to hear from community members about their concerns, issues, and priorities via workshop venues called “Open Space”. Beginning in 2008, monthly workshops were held including elder presentations, storytelling, and health concerns addressing community needs of violence prevention and raising balanced children. Due to COVID, the workshops ceased in 2020 when the reservation was locked down. Subsequently, with the vaccines available, the project involved reviving RCFW. The Navajo community had experienced social isolation due to an inability to gather and share daily life experiences. Deaths of elders resulted in the loss of wisdom keeping elders and devastated the community. This revived program was successful in improving well-being and increasing connectedness among the Native community, thus restoring IWOK and demonstrating community resilience.
DECOLONIZING DISSEMINATION OF RESEARCH ENSURES LOCAL RELEVANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY OF RESEARCH BEYOND THE GRANT
Authors: Lewis Jordan , Kim Steffi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Engaging in community-based participatory research with Indigenous communities has become an accepted approach in both qualitative and quantitative research methods, as well as by funders. Our team has been conducting community-engaged research with Alaska Native communities for over 16-years. We have conducted qualitative, in-depth, interviews with 162 Elders representing 21 participating communities to explore the concept of successful aging and the role of their community in the aging process. Alaska Native successful aging consists of six elements of successful aging, or “Eldership:” emotional wellbeing, spirituality, community engagement, Native ways of life, generativity, and physical health. These elements serve as the foundation of how communities define who is an Elder and what is important when considering who has aged successfully or not. This presentation will briefly discuss challenges of community engagement, but focus on the successes of disseminating the findings back to the community using locally driven recommendations. Western forms of study dissemination products tend to be publications and presentations, which support the researchers’ goals and objectives, but do not always translate to community interests and ideas. Our team has been successful in developing culturally safe and innovative dissemination products, including berry buckets, coffee mugs, and sweatshirts. We will discuss how to navigate funding guidelines, how to develop to products in collaboration with community members and Elders, as well as the share the impacts these products have on making the data accessible to the Elders and the community, and not just the academic community and funder.
WHAT DOES INTEGRATION LOOK LIKE IN MIXED-METHODS RESEARCH?
Authors: Saunders Pamela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Multi-methods and mixed-methods research usually include both qualitative and quantitative data to gain a more holistic understanding of a research question. Multi-method research involves a variety of data sources and methods. A defining feature of Methods is the potential integration at multiple levels, including schools of thought, data, data collection methods, or analysis. The Friendship Study (de Medeiros et al., 2012) used a mixed-methods approach to examine perceptions of friendship among people living with dementia. The participants included ten staff members and 31 assisted living residents with moderate to advanced dementia. The first step was to define ‘social interaction’ and how it relates to the larger construct of friendship. Staff completed a matrix indicating their perceptions of which residents were friends. We conducted 6-months of direct observation with detailed field notes. The integration process focused on data collection methods, including interviews and surveys with staff and field notes describing direct observations of interactions between residents. Findings showed that the qualitative data from staff did not support the qualitative data from field notes of direct observation. This paper dives deeply into integrating these qualitative and quantitative data and analyses. A summary of specific integration techniques will be outlined.