bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When is the evidence sufficiently supportive of real‐world application? Evidence‐based practices, open science, clinical readiness level
Authors: Shaw Steven R. , Pecsi Sierra 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEvidence‐based interventions are the standard for school psychology practice. Yet, how do professionals know when research scope, relevance, transparency, and quality are ready for real‐world application? There remain questions as to exactly how these core concepts of evidence‐based practices (EBPs) are realized. A discussion on whether psychological science can be relied on to deliver real‐world practices related to the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic led IJzerman and colleagues to develop a rubric to evaluate research for real‐world application called evidence readiness level. This model is adapted for school psychologists' use in evaluating and implementing research for clinical practice. Clinical readiness level is a rubric that is designed to narrow the research‐to‐practice gap, provide criteria for EBPs, and specify the value of a scientist‐practitioner model of school psychology.
Click chemistry strategies for the accelerated synthesis of functional macromolecules
Authors: Geng Zhishuai , Shin Jaeman J. , Xi Yumeng , Hawker Craig J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractClick chemistry is one of the most powerful strategies for constructing polymeric soft materials with precise control over architecture and functionality. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the state‐of‐the art for synthesizing functional polymers and their expanding range of applications. The synthetic and mechanistic aspects are discussed for key reactions that fulfill “click” requirements and their applications in construction of macromolecules with linear, branched, and other complex architectures are described.
Homopolyimides containing both benzimidazole and benzoxazole with highTgand low coefficient of thermal expansion
Authors: Chen Haiquan , Dai Fengna , Wang Mengxia , Chen Chunhai , Qian Guangtao , Yu Youhai 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA pair of isomer diamines containing both benzimidazole and benzoxazole and derived homopolyimides were synthesized for the first time. Due to rich rigid and linear benzoazole units, as well as the strong intermolecular interactions from the hydrogen bonding and the charge transfer complexation (CTC), the obtained polyimides (PIs) exhibited outstanding thermal properties, including high thermal weight loss temperature (Td5% = 540–561°C), high glass transition temperature (Tg = 392–421°C), and low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE = 1.3–20.9 ppm/°C). In addition, the obtained PIs also showed ideal mechanical properties (TS = 189–240 MPa,TM = 4.1–5.0 GPa andEB = 2.9%–4.7%). These potential novel PI films with highTgand low CTE were expected to be applied to next generation of flexible display substrate material.
CFTR modulator drug desensitization: Preserving the hope of long term improvement
Authors: Leonhardt Kelsey , Autry Elizabeth B. , Kuhn Robert J. , Wurth Mark A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe development of modulator therapy has, for the first time, allowed direct targeting of the underlying cause of cystic fibrosis (CF), the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Patients treated with CFTR modulators have improvement in lung function and decreased rates of pulmonary exacerbations. In 2019, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor was approved for use in the United States, opening these therapies to 90% of patients with CF. Intolerable adverse drug reactions to CFTR modulators results in discontinuation of therapy, which can be devastating to our patients. We describe our approach to two cases, not previously reported, of rash to elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in patients with a previous history of cutaneous adverse reactions to dual modulator therapy that had been addressed by desensitization. Case 1 was able to tolerate elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor after desensitization to the triple combination therapy, while in Case 2 tolerance was obtained by treating through the reaction. The loss of tolerance in these patients was unexpected, and may be a common finding in patients with history of cutaneous adverse reactions to these drugs. We hope reporting our experience, including our desensitization protocol, may benefit CF patients for whom these drug reactions may be limiting access to powerful disease altering therapies.
Intra‐ and cross‐field dispersal of Beckmannia syzigachne seed by a combine harvester
Authors: Qu Xiang , Zhang Zheng , Gao Pinglei , Chen Wansong , Qiang Sheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDBeckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald has become a dominant weed that has evolved resistance to major herbicides used in the wheat fields of rice‐wheat double cropping areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. Seed dispersal occurs over long distances via irrigation water. As mechanical harvesting services popularize, there is concern that combine harvesters could play an increasing role in B. syzigachne seed dispersal.RESULTSRandom sampling of 30 combine harvesters at wheat harvest determined that an average of 8000 B. syzigachne seeds remain in the combine after wheat harvesting, predominantly on the metal plate. These seeds could potentially be transported into adjacent fields. A double exponential model predicted that seeds remaining on the metal plate could be dispersed over 7885 m2 into the next field. Within a field, the number of fallen seeds and their dispersal distance were positively correlated to panicle density. Combines spread seeds away from the source potentially creating new weed patches. During irrigation and rotary tillage ploughing, 70% of B. syzigachne seeds scattered in the field floated on the water surface and were moved away by the wind.CONCLUSIONBoth wheat combine harvesters and water flow effectively spread B. syzigachne seeds. Areas with high B. syzigachne population density should be carefully harvested separately, and the metal plate should be carefully cleaned to prevent spreading the weed across fields and region. Floating B. syzigachne seeds displaced to field edges by water can be physically removed with nets to prevent further distribution by water.
Migrant mothers, rejected refugees and excluded belonging in Hong Kong
Authors: Constable Nicole 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBuilding on ethnographic research and on studies of noncitizenship, this paper examines ‘excluded belonging’, a condition that is constructed over time, through a process of interactions between noncitizens and migratory assemblages. Noncitizens respond to the shifting parameters of inclusion and exclusion in their everyday lives in their attempts to construct a substantive sense of belonging that is often fleeting, fragile and ever challenged. Maintaining this condition entails work, learning, struggles and strategising by noncitizens within spaces of exclusion and with institutional actors who deny them rights and also assist them. Ethnographic research in Hong Kong (2010–2018), among women migrant workers whose pathways shift as they become mothers, overstayers, nonrefoulement (asylum) claimants and rejected refugees, illustrates the lived paradox of excluded belonging, as illustrated by the challenges they face in relation to acquiring food, shelter and children's education while facing increasing migratory exclusion and the growing threat of deportation.
The effect of evening primrose oil on labor induction and cervical ripening: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Moradi Maryam , Niazi Azin , Heydarian Miri Hamid , Lopez Violeta 
Published: April 2021

The evening primrose oil has prostaglandin effects and is applied to soften the cervix. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to establish the results of clinical trials performed on the effect of evening primrose oil on labor induction and cervical ripening in pregnant women. Research studies were searched from 1990 to September 2019 in Pubmed, Science Direct, Embase, and Cochrane Library using the keywords: cervical ripening, Bishop score, labor induction, post‐term pregnancy, evening primrose, and any possible combination of these keywords (Farsi, English). Data analysis was conducted using STATA (version 14.1), and I2 index and random effect forest plots to assess the heterogeneity between the studies and perform the meta‐analysis, respectively. Six articles that met the inclusion criteria were extracted in which four were entered into quantitative meta‐analysis. The results' high heterogeneity was 91.4% based on I2 index (p ≤ .001) and the random model was applied for meta‐analysis. The result demonstrated no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of mean difference of the Bishop score before and after intervention (SMD: 0.27, 95%CI: −0.41, 0.96, p = .43). Based on current meta‐analysis on four studies, effectiveness of oral consumption of evening primrose on cervical ripening was not approved.
Long noncoding RNA LINC00184 facilitates the proliferation, metastasis, and adenine metabolism of cholangiocarcinoma via modulating hsa‐miR‐23b‐3p/ANXA2 axis
Authors: Sun Hou‐Bin , Zhang Guang‐Chen , Liu Jia , Nie Chun‐Sheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this article was to probe the mechanism underlying long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)‐LINC00184 in cholangiocarcinoma development and to investigate the effects of LINC00184 on cholangiocarcinoma. We used bioinformatics to analyze the expression of LINC00184, microRNA (miR)‐23b‐3p and ANXA2 in cholangiocarcinoma tissues. The levels of LINC00184, miR‐23b‐3p, and ANXA2 were detected by qRT‐PCR. Cell proliferation was tested by CCK8. Transwell assay was used to detect cell invasion and migration. The target connection between LINC00184, miR‐23b‐3p, or ANXA2 was probed by luciferase reporter assay. RNA pull‐down method was employed to test the relationship among LINC00184/miR‐23b‐3p/ANXA2 in cholangiocarcinoma cells. The Pearson correlation coefficient analyzed was applied to analyze the correlation among LINC00184, miR‐23b‐3p, and ANXA2. LC–MS/M analysis was used to explore whether the changes of adenine metabolism was affected by LINC00184 in cholangiocarcinoma cells. We discovered that LINC00184 expression was heightened in cholangiocarcinoma patients and cells. Knockdown of LINC00184 repressed cell proliferation, invasion, migration and adenine metabolism in cholangiocarcinoma cells. miR‐23b‐3p was regarded as a target of LINC00184 and its depletion perversed the inhibitive influence of LINC00184 silencing on cholangiocarcinoma cells. ANXA2 was a target of miR‐23b‐3p and was negatively modulated by miR‐23b‐3p. Moreover, ANXA2 was positively modulated by LINC00184 via sponging miR‐23b‐3p. In short, silencing of LINC00184 suppressed cell proliferation, invasion and migration through over‐expression of miR‐23b‐3p and reducing of ANXA2 in cholangiocarcinoma cells. These findings contribute to understanding the influences of LINC00184, miR‐23b‐3p, and ANXA2 on cholangiocarcinoma and provide basis for cholangiocarcinoma treatment.
The Vanishing Ethics of Husbandry
Authors: Thompson Paul B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe ethics of food production should include philosophical discussion of the condition or welfare of livestock, including for animals being raised in high volume, concentrated production systems (e.g. factory farms). Philosophers should aid producers and scientists in specifying conditions for improved welfare in these systems. An adequately non-ideal approach to this problem should recognize both the economic rationale for these systems as well as the way that they constrain opportunities for improving animal welfare. Recent philosophical work on animal ethics has been dominated by authors who not only neglect this imperative, but also defeat it by drawing on oversimplified and rhetorically overstated descriptions of the conditions in which factory farmed animals actually live. This feature of philosophical animal ethics reflects a form of structural narcissism in which adopting a morally correct attitude defeats actions that could actually improve the welfare of livestock in factory farms to a considerable degree.
Wild Animals in the City: Considering and Connecting with Animals in Zoos and Aquariums
Authors: Brando Sabrina , Herrelko Elizabeth S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConnecting people with nature is a powerful concept that opens doors for relationship building and conservation messaging. The roles of wild animals in the city (e.g., in zoos and aquariums) and how we interact with them—and vice versa—must evolve along with our theoretical discussions and animal management practices in order to advance the field. While taking into consideration the long history of animals in captivity, where we are today, and were we should go in the future, this chapter reviews animal welfare and its ethical frameworks, human-animal interactions and its effect on both animals and people, wildness in zoos and how we perceive different states of origin, compassionate education programs and their efforts to instil empathy and empower people to become agents of change, and the power of modern technology in providing real connections with artificial means. In this ever-changing world, living responsibly together has never been more important.
Animal Conservation in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Jansman Hugh A. H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBiodiversity on Earth is rapidly decreasing and the situation in the Netherlands is in that perspective a textbook example. The main causes for species extinction are habitat loss, landscape degradation and overuse. Conservation efforts should focus more on the level of viable ecosystems. A strategic plan to do so is called Cores, Corridors and Carnivores (rewilding’s three C’s). This requires strong Cores of nature, mutually connected via robust Corridors. Based on island biogeography theory it can be calculated that if we want to conserve roughly 85% of the current biodiversity, 50% of the Earth’s surface needs to be protected, ‘Nature needs half’. For healthy ecosystems we need to get top-down forcing by apex consumers back in ecosystems. These apex consumers are mainly large Carnivores, and bringing them back asks for coexistence. If we want to keep our living conditions on planet Earth healthy we have to change our unsustainable way of living and change our way of thinking with respect to nature, natural processes and our relation with other species. The loss of biodiversity can only be halted or reversed if we save more space for nature and natural processes including top-down forcing and last but not least, find a way of coexistence with our fellow creatures.
Consolations of Environmental Philosophy
Authors: Tokarski Mateusz 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDue to successful protection and restoration efforts, humans and wild animals more and more often come to inhabit overlapping spaces. This is often experienced by humans as problematic, as animals may cause material damages to property and pose threats to humans and domesticated animals. These threats, as well as normative beliefs about belonging and culturally-based prejudices, often provoke distress or aggression towards animals. While philosophy has so far provided normative guidance as to what we should do in terms of developing proper relationships, the actual tools designed to facilitate the development of more peaceful cohabitation have been provided mostly by wildlife management and social sciences. In this contribution, I propose that environmental philosophy can provide conceptual tools easing the difficulties of cohabitation. One such tool is the practice of consolation. I begin by drawing a distinction between the contemporary and traditional forms of consolation. I further show that several common ethical arguments concerning cohabitation with wildlife can be seen as following the ancient concept of consolation. I close with some practical remarks regarding how environmental consolation could be practiced today in the context of difficult cohabitation with wildlife.
Does Justice Require De-extinction of the Heath Hen?
Authors: Welchman Jennifer 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIt is often argued that we “owe it” to species driven to extinction “to bring them back.” Can justice really require us to make restitution for anthropogenic extinctions? Can it require de-extinction? And if so, can justice require us to attempt the North American Heath Hen’s de-extinction? I will first review the types of de-extinction technologies currently available. I will then discuss the criteria used to determine when restitution is owed for injuries as well as the special challenges arising when (i) victims are wild animals and (ii) are extinct. After arguing that restitution may be due for some extinctions and that de-extinction would sometimes be an appropriate means, I apply these arguments to the case of the Heath Hen.
The Future of Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Sustainable Vehicles in the UK
Authors: Last Greg , Agbro David E. , Asthana Abhishek 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper details the development of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and its integration into the UK market. The aim of this research was to explore the benefits and limitations of the HEV system which there are many. Government policies and incentives; both current and future as well as HEV technologies are also summarised. The HEV is an excellent short to medium term solution for making travel more sustainable. However, in the long term, push for electric vehicles (EVs) will significantly increase from the Government in its aim to meet stringent emissions policies and there will likely be legislation to phase out HEVs that cannot be plugged in.
Is There More Than the Answer to the Question? Device Use and Completion Time as Indicators for Selectivity Bias and Response Convenience in Online Surveys
Authors: Décieux Jean Philippe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe main objective of the German Emigration and Remigration Panel Study (GERPS) is to establish a longitudinal data set that provides information on life trajectories of international migrants. However, a large amount of paradata were also collected in order to obtain meta-information on respondents’ survey participation. This auxiliary information can help to optimize data quality at all stages of the survey process. By continuing the existing discussion in the field of online surveys, this chapter pursues a twofold objective: it reflects device usage (mobile vs. computer) and elucidates determinants of device choice. In particular, it analyses whether selectivity effects due to respondent’s device choices bias the sample. Moreover, this chapter investigates differences in response time between devices to detect differences in response burden. The analysis of response burden differences by device is an important issue, since an increased device-specific response burden can be a predictor of actual and further panel dropouts. In both device-specific selectivity and survey burden, only slight differences were found between mobile and desktop devices. Using these data, the following paper addresses the need to analyse potential sources of survey error and provides evidence that GERPS data do not appear to contain noteworthy bias attributed to device usage.
Brain Drain or Brain Circulation? Economic and Non-Economic Factors Driving the International Migration of German Citizens
Authors: Ette Andreas , Witte Nils 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInternational movements by people from economically highly developed welfare states are a puzzle for the classic canon of migration theories, which generally focus on flows from less to more developed regions. Based on a simple theoretical framework linking largely disparate literatures on international and internal migration as well as the field of global work experience, this chapter provides an analysis of the emigration and remigration decisions of German citizens. Whereas the five theoretical dimensions-expected financial returns, job satisfaction, social capital, mobility capital, and employment in transnational professions-already explain much of the variance in the emigration decisions, the theoretical and empirical understanding of remigration decision-making processes remains a challenge. Contributing to recent debates about a brain drain from economically highly developed countries, this chapter provides evidence that the international migration of German citizens is best understood as brain circulation. Temporary migration dominates these international movements and emigrants are similar to remigrants along many theoretical dimensions. Although some indications for a potential loss of human capital caused by international migration do exist, they remain insignificant in light of Germany’s overall volume of international migration. Political debates about flows of people from highly developed countries should focus less on potential losses of human capital for national economies and more on the economic and non-economic returns international migration offers for individual life courses.
Comparing the Risk Attitudes of Internationally Mobile and Non-Mobile Germans
Authors: Lübke Christiane , Décieux Jean P. , Erlinghagen Marcel , Wagner Gert G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMoving–particularly to a new country–is fraught with risks as migrants leave familiar legal frameworks and cultural institutions behind them. To date, little is known about the psychological determinants of international migration. This chapter helps to fill this gap by analysing data from the first wave of the German Emigration and Remigration Panel Study (GERPS) in combination with data on non-mobile individuals from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP). The analyses presented examine whether the risk attitudes of internationally mobile Germans (‘movers’) differ from those of their non-mobile counterparts (‘stayers’). The results show that–with control for key socio-demographic and socio-economic determinants of risk affinity–both emigrants and remigrants report a significantly higher willingness to take risks than stayers. Risk affinity differs within the group of internationally mobile individuals: Emigrants moving to geographically and culturally distant non-European countries report higher risk affinity than those moving to Germany’s neighbouring countries. Emigrants with multiple previous emigration periods are also more willing to take risks. These findings suggest that voluntary emigration from wealthy countries like Germany is only partly a matter of living conditions. Rather, (repeated) emigration seems to be a matter of personality and an expression of a more adventurous lifestyle.
1/N expansion of circular Wilson loop in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 superconformal SU(N) × SU(N) quiver
Authors: Beccaria M. , Tseytlin A.A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Localization approach to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal SU(N) × SU(N) quiver theory leads to a non-Gaussian two-matrix model representation for the expectation value of BPS circular SU(N) Wilson loop $$ \left\langle \mathcal{W}\right\rangle $$

W

. We study the subleading 1/N2 term in the large N expansion of $$ \left\langle \mathcal{W}\right\rangle $$

W

at weak and strong coupling. We concentrate on the case of the symmetric quiver with equal gauge couplings which is equivalent to the ℤ2 orbifold of the SU(2N) $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM theory. This orbifold gauge theory should be dual to type IIB superstring in AdS5 × (S5/ℤ2). We present a string theory argument suggesting that the 1/N2 term in $$ \left\langle \mathcal{W}\right\rangle $$

W

in the orbifold theory should have the same strong-coupling asymptotics λ3/2 as in the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM case. We support this prediction on the gauge theory side by a numerical study of the localization matrix model. We also find a relation between the 1/N2 term in the Wilson loop expectation value and the derivative of the free energy of the orbifold gauge theory on 4-sphere.