bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity of pollen food allergy syndrome in seven Southern European countries: The @IT.2020 multicenter study
Authors: Lipp Theresa , Acar Şahin Aydan , Aggelidis Xenophon , Arasi Stefania , Barbalace Andrea , Bourgoin Anne , Bregu Blerina , Brighetti Maria Antonia , Caeiro Elsa , Caglayan Sozmen Sule , Caminiti Lucia , Charpin Denis , Couto Mariana , Delgado Luís , Di Rienzo Businco Andrea , Dimier Claire , Dimou Maria V. , Fonseca João A. , Goksel Ozlem , Guvensen Aykut , Hernandez Dolores , Hoffmann Tara Maria , Jang Dah Tay , Kalpaklioglu Fusun , Lame Blerta , Llusar Ruth , Makris Michael P. , Mazon Angel , Mesonjesi Eris , Nieto Antonio , Öztürk Ayse , Pahus Laurie , Pajno Giovanni Battista , Panasiti Ilenia , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Pellegrini Elisabetta , Pelosi Simone , Pereira Ana M. , Pereira Mariana , Pinar Munevver , Potapova Ekaterina , Priftanji Alfred , Psarros Fotis , Sackesen Cansin , Sfika Ifigenia , Suarez Javier , Thibaudon Michel , Travaglini Alessandro , Tripodi Salvatore , Verdier Valentine , Villella Valeria , Xepapadaki Paraskevi , Yazici Duygu , Matricardi Paolo M. , Dramburg Stephanie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundPollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a frequently underdiagnosed disease due to diverse triggers, clinical presentations, and test results. This is especially relevant in geographic areas with a broad spectrum of pollen sensitization, such as Southern Europe.ObjectivesTo elucidate similarities and differences of PFAS in nine Southern European centers and identify associated characteristics and unique markers of PFAS.MethodsAs part of the @IT.2020 Multicenter Study, 815 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), aged 10–60 years, were recruited in seven countries. They completed questionnaires regarding SAR, comorbidities, family history, and PFAS, and underwent skin prick testing (SPT) and serum IgE testing.ResultsOf the 815 patients, 167 (20.5%) reported PFAS reactions. Most commonly, eliciting foods were kiwi (58, 34.7%), peach (43, 25.7%), and melon (26, 15.6%). Reported reactions were mostly local (216/319, 67.7%), occurring within 5 min of contact with elicitors (209/319, 65.5%). Associated characteristics included positive IgE to at least one panallergen (profilin, PR‐10, or nsLTP) (p = 0.007), maternal PFAS (OR: 3.716, p = 0.026), and asthma (OR: 1.752, p = 0.073). Between centers, heterogeneity in prevalence (Marseille: 7.5% vs. Rome: 41.4%, p < 0.001) and of clinical characteristics was apparent. Cypress played a limited role, with only 1/22 SPT mono‐sensitized patients reporting a food reaction (p < 0.073).ConclusionsPFAS is a frequent comorbidity in Southern European SAR patients. Significant heterogeneity of clinical characteristics in PFAS patients among the centers was observed and may be related to the different pollen sensitization patterns in each geographic area. IgE to panallergen(s), maternal PFAS, and asthma could be PFAS‐associated characteristics.
Haplotype structure defines effects of common DPYD variants c.85T > C (rs1801265) and c.496A > G (rs2297595) on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity: Implication for 5‐fluorouracil toxicity
Authors: Hamzic Seid , Schärer Dominic , Offer Steven M. , Meulendijks Didier , Nakas Christos , Diasio Robert B. , Fontana Stefano , Wehrli Marc , Schürch Stefan , Amstutz Ursula , Largiadèr Carlo R. 
Published: January 2021

AimsThe aim of this study was to identify risk variants and haplotypes that impair dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity and are, therefore, candidate risk variants for severe toxicity to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) chemotherapy.MethodsPlasma dihydrouracil/uracil (UH2/U) ratios were measured as a population marker for DPD activity in a total of 1382 subjects from 4 independent studies. Genotype and haplotype correlations with UH2/U ratios were assessed.ResultsSignificantly lower UH2/U ratios (panova < 2 × 10−16) were observed in carriers of the 4 well‐studied 5‐FU toxicity risk variants with mean differences (MD) of −43.7% for DPYD c.1905 + 1G > A (rs3918290), −46.0% for DPYD c.1679T > G (rs55886062), −37.1%, for DPYD c.2846A > T (rs67376798), and −13.2% for DPYD c.1129‐5923C > G (rs75017182). An additional variant, DPYD c.496A > G (rs2297595), was also associated with lower UH2/U ratios (P < .0001, MD: −12.6%). A haplotype analysis was performed for variants in linkage disequilibrium with c.496A > G, which consisted of the common variant c.85T > C (rs1801265) and the risk variant c.1129‐5923C > G. Both haplotypes carrying c.496A > G were associated with decreased UH2/U ratios (H3, P = .003, MD: −9.6%; H5, P = .002, MD: −16.9%). A haplotype carrying only the variant c.85T > C (H2) was associated with elevated ratios (P = .004, MD: +8.6%).ConclusionsBased on our data, DPYD‐c.496A > G is a strong candidate risk allele for 5‐FU toxicity. Our data suggest that DPYD‐c.85T > C might be protective; however, the deleterious impacts of the linked alleles c.496A > G and c.1129‐5923C > G likely limit this effect in patients. The possible protective effect of c.85T > C and linkage disequilibrium with c.496A > G and c.1129‐5923C > G may have hampered prior association studies and should be considered in future clinical studies.
The Development of Simile Comprehension: From Similarity to Scalar Implicature
Authors: Long Madeleine , Shukla Vishakha , Rubio‐Fernandez Paula 
Published: January 2021

Similes require two different pragmatic skills: appreciating the intended similarity and deriving a scalar implicature (e.g., “Lucy is like a parrot” normally implies that Lucy is not a parrot), but previous studies overlooked this second skill. In Experiment 1, preschoolers (N = 48; ages 3–5) understood “X is like a Y” as an expression of similarity. In Experiment 2 (N = 99; ages 3–6, 13) and Experiment 3 (N = 201; ages 3–5 and adults), participants received metaphors (“Lucy is a parrot”) or similes (“Lucy is like a parrot”) as clues to select one of three images (a parrot, a girl or a parrot‐looking girl). An early developmental trend revealed that 3‐year‐olds started deriving the implicature “X is not a Y,” whereas 5‐year‐olds performed like adults.
The association between food insecurity and dental caries among U.S. adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey
Authors: Bahanan Lina , Singhal Astha , Zhao Yihong , Scott Thayer , Kaye Elizabeth 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the association between food insecurity and untreated dental caries using a nationally representative sample of US adults.MethodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2011‐2012 and 2013‐2014 on adults aged 18 years and older were analysed (n = 10 723). Primary predictors were overall food security (food‐secure/ food‐insecure) and household food security (full, marginal, low and very low). The main outcome was any untreated dental caries (none/ ≥ one). Multiple logistic regression analyses were done to estimate the adjusted odds ratio after controlling for confounders.ResultsFood‐insecure adults were more likely to have untreated dental caries than food‐secure adults after adjusting for potential confounders (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.9‐1.5). Adults from households with marginal (OR:1.4; 95% CI:1.5‐2.2), low (OR:1.3, 95% CI:1.3‐2.0) and very low food security (OR:1.3; 95% CI:0.9‐1.5) had higher odds of untreated caries than adults from households with full food security. Following age stratification, marginal, low and very low food‐secure adults had higher prevalence of untreated dental caries than full food‐secure adults across all age groups.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that food‐insecure adults had higher odds of untreated dental caries than food‐secure adults. These findings highlight the importance of assessing food insecurity as a risk factor for dental caries. Longitudinal cohort studies are recommended to determine causal mechanisms.
Drug‐induced photosensitivity: culprit drugs, potential mechanisms and clinical consequences
Authors: Hofmann Georg Amun , Weber Benedikt 
Published: January 2021

SummaryDrug‐induced photosensitivity, the development of phototoxic or photoallergic reactions due to pharmaceuticals and subsequent exposure to ultraviolet or visible light, is an adverse effect of growing interest. This is illustrated by the broad spectrum of recent investigations on the topic, ranging from molecular mechanisms and culprit drugs through epidemiological as well as public health related issues to long‐term photoaging and potential photocarcinogenic consequences. The present review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the topic while focusing on culprit drugs and long‐term effects. In total, 393 different drugs or drug compounds are reported to have a photosensitizing potential, although the level of evidence regarding their ability to induce photosensitive reactions varies markedly among these agents. The pharmaceuticals of interest belong to a wide variety of drug classes. The epidemiological risk associated with the use of photosensitizers is difficult to assess due to under‐reporting and geographical differences. However, the widespread use of photosensitizing drugs combined with the potential photocarcinogenic effects reported for several agents has major implications for health and safety and suggests a need for further research on the long‐term effects.
Considerations for patients with psoriasis travelling under immunosuppression
Authors: Stephan Brigitte , Tittelbach Jörg , Bühler Silja 
Published: January 2021

SummaryWith the establishment of modern systemic therapies for psoriasis, comprehensive consultation is required for travelling with immune modulation. Logistic aspects regarding transport and storage, climatic peculiarities of the country of travel and drug dependent risks regarding infections must be considered. Vaccinations and preventive measures are emphasized. Depending on the current national recommendations, special features of vaccinations while under immunosuppression must be taken into account.
In search of the perfect web? Males of the golden silk orb‐web spider trichonephila clavipes do not aggregate in webs of high‐quality females
Authors: de Almeida João Gabriel Lacerda , Peixoto Paulo Enrique Cardoso 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn many species, the location of females may affect the spatial distribution of males. If females vary in their reproductive quality, and males have to fight for access to the females, then weaker males should aggregate around high‐quality females while avoiding areas occupied by males of high fighting capacity. However, this aggregation pattern should only occur if males have low dispersing costs. Otherwise, males should preferentially stay near the first female they encounter. In this study, we used the golden silk orb‐web spider, Trichonephila clavipes, to evaluate the following hypotheses: When costs of moving between female webs are low, weaker males should aggregate at the periphery of (a) webs of females that have higher reproductive quality and (b) webs of females occupied by central males (i.e., stronger males that are guarding females in the central web position) with lower fighting capacity. To evaluate these hypotheses, we counted the number of males at the periphery of female webs that were aggregated with other female webs (i.e., areas with lower dispersal costs among webs) or isolated from other female webs (areas with higher dispersal costs among webs). We used the ontogenetic status of the females (mature or immature) as a surrogate of female reproductive quality and the length of the first pair of male legs as a surrogate of male fighting capacity. We found that, independently of the spatial disposition of female webs, the number of males per web was unrelated to female reproductive quality or the fighting capacity of the central males. We conclude that this pattern provides an intriguing system in which the intensity of intra‐sexual competition for males presumably varies in unpredictable ways between different female webs.
Mixed‐mode brittle fracture test of polymethylmethacrylate with a new specimen
Authors: Li Yifan , Pavier Martyn J. , Coules Harry 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA new test configuration called Holed‐Cracked Square Plate (HCSP) is proposed to investigate I/II mixed‐mode fracture of brittle and quasi‐brittle materials. This specimen is a square plate containing a central hole with two radial cracks emanating from its circumference. The finite element method was used to calculate mode I and mode II stress intensity factors and T‐stress solutions for various crack lengths and hole diameters. The numerical results show that a full range of fracture mode mixities can be realized by changing the orientation angle of two radial cracks, while maintaining a very simple specimen geometry and loading requirement. A series of fracture tests were conducted on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to study the practical capabilities of the HCSP specimen. These yielded fracture toughness values that are consistent with other experimental results. Other observed quantities including fracture initiation angles and fracture resistance also agree very well with mixed‐mode fracture theories.
Oral healthcare delivery in institutionalised older people: A health‐economic evaluation
Authors: Werbrouck Amber , Schmidt Masja , Annemans Lieven , Duyck Joke , Janssens Barbara , Simoens Steven , Verhaeghe Nick , Putman Koen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis health‐economic evaluation aimed to assess the cost‐effectiveness of a number of alternatives for preventive and curative oral health care in institutionalised older people in Flanders.MethodsA six‐state Markov model was used to compare expected costs and healthy oral years (HOYs) of four alternatives: (1) usual care; (2) on‐site preventive care; (3) on‐site preventive care + curative care in the community; and (4) on‐site preventive care + on‐site curative care. A healthcare payer perspective was adopted, and the time horizon was 10 years. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsIncremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of alternatives 2, 3 and 4 (all compared to alternative 1) were as follows: (2) 7944 €/HOY gained; (3) 1576 €/HOY gained; and (4) 1132 €/HOY gained. Hence, alternatives 2 and 3 were not cost‐effective compared to alternative 4. The probability that oral care interventions are more effective and cost‐saving than usual care was <3% for all three interventions.ConclusionsFor institutionalised older people, on‐site solutions for preventive and curative oral health care might be the most cost‐effective alternative. It should be kept in mind that on‐site solutions require large initial investment and that the advanced age of the population and the high costs of oral health care make it unlikely that these interventions would become cost‐saving, even in the long term.
Differences in the association between white matter hyperintensities and gait performance among older adults with and without cognitive impairment
Authors: Sakurai Ryota , Inagaki Hiroki , Tokumaru Aya M , Sakurai Keita , Shimoji Keigo , Kobayashi‐Cuya Kimi E , Kitamura Akihiko , Watanabe Yutaka , Shinkai Shoji , Awata Shuichi ,   Takashimadaira Study Group
Published: January 2021

AimGait impairment implies subtle cognitive impairment (CI) and is associated with severity of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). However, cognitive differences in such an association are not yet fully understood. This study examined the association between WMHs and gait performance among three cognitively different older groups.MethodsGait performance and WMHs were assessed in 150 community‐dwelling older adults, comprising 53 with CI (Mini‐Mental State Examination [MMSE] score <24), 63 with mild CI (MMSE score ≥24 and Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA] score <25), and 34 who were cognitively normal or preserved (MMSE ≥24 and MoCA score ≥25). Gait velocity and variability were assessed on a 5‐m electronic walkway. Furthermore, WMH volume was derived by automated segmentation using 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsAdjusted multiple regression analyses showed that greater WMHs were associated with slower gait velocity and greater temporal (stride time) and spatial (stride and step lengths) variabilities among older adults with CI. In contrast, WMH was only associated with spatial variability in older adults with mild CI and in cognitively normal or preserved older adults.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that gait variability measures are more sensitive to subtle underlying neurological pathologies including WMHs in older adults. The cognitive‐dependent differences found in the association between WMHs and gait performance suggests that the level of cognitive function interferes with the association between WMH and gait performance. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; ••: ••–••.
PRIASE 2021 guidelines for reporting animal studies in Endodontology: explanation and elaboration
Authors: Nagendrababu V. , Kishen A. , Murray P. E. , Nekoofar M. H. , de Figueiredo J. A. P. , Priya E. , Jayaraman J. , Pulikkotil S. J. , Jakovljevic A. , Dummer P. M. H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLaws and ethics require that before conducting human clinical trials, a new material, device or drug may have to undergo testing in animals in order to minimize health risks to humans, unless suitable supporting grandfather data already exist. The Preferred Reporting Items for Animal Studies in Endodontology (PRIASE) 2021 guidelines were developed exclusively for the specialty of Endodontology by integrating and adapting the ARRIVE (Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) guidelines and the Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles using a validated consensus‐based methodology. Implementation of the PRIASE 2021 guidelines will reduce potential sources of bias and thus improve the quality, accuracy, reproducibility, completeness and transparency of reports describing animal studies in Endodontology. The PRIASE 2021 guidelines consist of a checklist with 11 domains and 43 individual items and a flowchart. The aim of the current document is to provide an explanation for each item in the PRIASE 2021 checklist and flowchart and is supplemented with examples from the literature in order for readers to understand their significance and to provide usage guidance. A link to the PRIASE 2021 explanation and elaboration document and PRIASE 2021 checklist and flowchart is available on the Preferred Reporting Items for study Designs in Endodontology (PRIDE) website (http://pride‐endodonticguidelines.org/priase/).
Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of memory NK cell responses
Authors: Beaulieu Aimee M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphocytes with key roles in host protection against viruses and malignancy. Notwithstanding their historical classification as innate immune cells, NK cells are now understood to have some capacity to mount memory or memory‐like immune responses in which effector cells undergo antigen‐driven expansion and give rise to long‐lived memory cells with enhanced functionality. Understanding how antigen‐specific effector and memory NK responses are regulated is an important and active area of research in the field. Here, we discuss key transcription factors and epigenetic processes involved in antigen‐specific effector and memory NK cell differentiation.
The Greta Thunberg Effect: Familiarity with Greta Thunberg predicts intentions to engage in climate activism in the United States
Authors: Sabherwal Anandita , Ballew Matthew T. , van der Linden Sander , Gustafson Abel , Goldberg Matthew H. , Maibach Edward W. , Kotcher John E. , Swim Janet K. , Rosenthal Seth A. , Leiserowitz Anthony 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDespite Greta Thunberg's popularity, research has yet to investigate her impact on the public's willingness to take collective action on climate change. Using cross‐sectional data from a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults (N = 1,303), we investigate the “Greta Thunberg Effect,” or whether exposure to Greta Thunberg predicts collective efficacy and intentions to engage in collective action. We find that those who are more familiar with Greta Thunberg have higher intentions of taking collective actions to reduce global warming and that stronger collective efficacy beliefs mediate this relationship. This association between familiarity with Greta Thunberg, collective efficacy beliefs, and collective action intentions is present even after accounting for respondents’ overall support for climate activism. Moderated mediation models testing age and political ideology as moderators of the “Greta Thunberg Effect” indicate that although the indirect effect of familiarity with Greta Thunberg via collective efficacy is present across all age‐groups, and across the political spectrum, it may be stronger among those who identify as more liberal (than conservative). Our findings suggest that young public figures like Greta Thunberg may motivate collective action across the U.S. public, but their effect may be stronger among those with a shared political ideology. Implications for future research and for broadening climate activists’ appeals across the political spectrum are discussed.
Critical angioedema induced by a renin angiotensin system blocker in the contemporary era of increasing heart failure: A case report and commentary
Authors: Sato Masafumi , Takahashi Masao , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBradykinin‐mediated angioedema, a nonallergic reaction most commonly caused by renin angiotensin system (RAS) blockers, has the potential to lead to a critical condition. RAS blockers are important for treating heart failure and are widely used in clinical settings. We present the case of an 85‐year‐old man who was administered enalapril after percutaneous coronary intervention for an acute myocardial infarction and developed severe angioedema requiring a tracheostomy. He had multiple risks for angioedema including advanced age, smoking history, renal dysfunction, and longstanding use of an angiotensin receptor blocker. The prompt diagnosis of drug‐induced angioedema is critical and depends on physicians' recognition of risk factors and knowledge of pathophysiology. In the present era of increasingly prevalent heart failure, it is imperative that the possibility of angioedema receives attention, especially given the continuing reliance on RAS blockers and the advent of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors, a new type of heart failure drug.
Development of diagnostic assays for differentiation of atypical Aeromonas salmonicidavapA type V and type VI in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta, Ascanius)
Authors: Papadopoulou Athina , Davie Andrew , Monaghan Sean J. , Migaud Herve , Adams Alexandra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAeromonas salmonicida (As) is a highly heterogeneous bacterial species, and strains’ host specificity has been reported. Ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta Ascanius, 1767) is susceptible to atypical As (aAs) vapA type V and type VI in Scotland and Norway. Identification of the bacterium is achieved by culture and molecular techniques; however, the available methods used to distinguish the As types are costly and time‐consuming. This paper describes the development of a PCR and a restriction enzyme assay for the detection of aAs vapA type V and type VI in ballan wrasse, respectively. Type V‐specific primers were designed on conserved regions of the vapA gene, and the restriction enzyme assay was performed on the PCR products of the hypervariable region of vapA gene for the detection of type VI isolates. Amplification product was produced for type V (254 bp) and restriction bands (368 and 254 bp) for type VI isolates only. In addition, the assays detected type V and type VI isolates in spiked water samples and type V in diagnostic tissue samples. The assays are fast, specific and cost‐effective and can be used as specific diagnostic tools for cleaner fish, to detect infectious divergence strains, and to manage and mitigate aAs disease outbreaks through vaccine development.