bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-related differences in valence and arousal of emotion concepts
Authors: Trnka Radek , Mana Josef , Kuška Martin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEmotion concepts are representations that enable people to make sense of their own and others’ emotions. The present study, theoretically driven by the conceptual act theory, explores the overall spectrum of emotion concepts in older adults and compares them with the emotion concepts of younger adults. Data from 178 older adults (⩾55 years) and 176 younger adults (20–30 years) were collected using the Semantic Emotion Space Assessment task. The arousal and valence of 16 discrete emotions – anger, fear, sadness, happiness, disgust, hope, love, hate, contempt, guilt, compassion, shame, gratefulness, envy, disappointment, and jealousy – were rated by the participants on a graphic scale bar. The results show that (a) older and younger adults did not differ in the mean valence ratings of emotion concepts, which indicates that older adults do not differ from younger adults in the way they conceptualise how pleasant or unpleasant emotions are. Furthermore, (b) older men rated emotion concepts as more arousing than younger men, (c) older adults rated sadness, disgust, contempt, guilt, and compassion as more arousing and (d) jealousy as less arousing than younger adults. The results of the present study indicate that age-related differentiation of conceptual knowledge seems to proceed more in the way that individuals understand how arousing their subjective representations of emotions are rather than how pleasant they are.
In Memoriam: Paul Morris Weinberg, MD
Authors: Cohen Meryl S. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOn 15 October, 2020, Dr. Paul M. Weinberg, a true giant in the field of paediatric cardiology, succumbed to a prolonged illness. Dr. Weinberg had a 43-year career and was described as a pillar of The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the spirit of the Division of Cardiology, a cherished and beloved teacher, and an outstanding clinician. His impact on the field and on the careers of his students will be remembered for generations to come.In 2019, Dr. Weinberg wrote for Jefferson Medical School’s 50th year reunion memory book: “In the true spirit of Hippocrates, I seek to mentor the next generation as I was mentored by the last, without expectation of reward. I am forever indebted to these educators for all the knowledge they imparted to me and for the wisdom that I acquired under their tutelage.” These words are a true reflection of his unassuming dedication to teaching the next generation of paediatric cardiologists. His legacy will continue to live on through these trainees and impact the field for generations to come.
The Value of Detecting Pathological Changes During Clot Formation in Early Disease Treatment-Naïve Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Goncalves Julien Paul Nunes , de Waal Greta Marie , Page Martin Justin , Venter Chantelle , Roberts Timothy , Holst Felix , Pretorius Etheresia , Bester Janette 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in women worldwide. Clinical research indicates that BC patients are at an increased risk for thrombotic events, drastically decreasing their quality-of-life and treatment outcomes. There is ample evidence of this in the literature, but it is mainly focused on metastatic BC. Therefore, coagulopathies of nonmetastatic BC are understudied and require in-depth investigation. In this study, clot kinetics and ultrastructure were used to investigate treatment-naïve, nonmetastatic BC patients using scanning electron microscopy, Thromboelastography®, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. It was demonstrated that nonmetastatic BC patients exhibit minimal ultrastructural alterations of the clot components and no changes in the clot kinetics. However, BC patients presented changes to fibrinogen protein structure, compared to matched controls, using an amyloid-selective stain. Together, these findings suggest that coagulation dysfunction(s) in BC patients with early disease manifest at the microlevel, rather than the macrolevel. This study presents novel insights to a method that are more sensitive to coagulation changes in this specific patient group, emphasizing that the coagulation system may react in different forms to the disease, depending on the progression of the disease itself.
m6A-induced LINC00958 promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis via the miR-378a-3p/YY1 axis
Authors: Rong Dongwen , Dong Qian , Qu Huajun , Deng Xinna , Gao Fei , Li Qingxia , Sun Ping 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIncreasing evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in human breast cancer (BC) tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms by which lncRNA and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulate BC tumorigenesis are still unclear. In the present research, LINC00958 was markedly overexpressed in BC tissue and cells, and LINC00958 upregulation promoted the tumor progression of BC cells. Mechanistically, m6A methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) gave rise to the upregulation of LINC00958 by promoting its RNA transcript stability. Moreover, LINC00958 acted as a competitive endogenous RNA for miR-378a-3p to promote YY1. Overall, these data provide novel insight into how m6A-mediated LINC00958 regulates BC tumorigenesis.
Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals pre-gastrulation developmental differences among pigs, monkeys, and humans
Authors: Liu Tianbin , Li Jie , Yu Leqian , Sun Hai-Xi , Li Jing , Dong Guoyi , Hu Yingying , Li Yong , Shen Yue , Wu Jun , Gu Ying 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInterspecies blastocyst complementation enables organ-specific enrichment of xenogeneic pluripotent stem cell (PSC) derivatives, which raises an intriguing possibility to generate functional human tissues/organs in an animal host. However, differences in embryo development between human and host species may constitute the barrier for efficient chimera formation. Here, to understand these differences we constructed a complete single-cell landscape of early embryonic development of pig, which is considered one of the best host species for human organ generation, and systematically compared its epiblast development with that of human and monkey. Our results identified a developmental coordinate of pluripotency spectrum among pigs, humans and monkeys, and revealed species-specific differences in: (1) pluripotency progression; (2) metabolic transition; (3) epigenetic and transcriptional regulations of pluripotency; (4) cell surface proteins; and (5) trophectoderm development. These differences may prevent proper recognition and communication between donor human cells and host pig embryos, resulting in low integration and survival of human cells. These results offer new insights into evolutionary conserved and divergent processes during mammalian development and may be helpful for developing effective strategies to overcome low human–pig chimerism, thereby enabling the generation of functional human organs in pigs in the future.
NDNF variants are rare in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Authors: Tamaoka Satoshi , Suzuki Erina , Hattori Atsushi , Ogata Tsutomu , Fukami Maki , Katoh-Fukui Yuko 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough NDNF was recently reported as a novel causative gene for congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH), this conclusion has yet to be validated. In this study, we sequenced NDNF in 61 Japanese CHH patients. No variants, except for nine synonymous substitutions that appear to have no effect on splice-site recognition, were identified in NDNF coding exons or flanking intronic sequences. These results indicate the rarity of NDNF variants in CHH patients and highlight the genetic heterogeneity of CHH.
Phytoplankton morpho-functional trait dataset from French water-bodies
Authors: Laplace-Treyture Christophe , Derot Jonathan , Prévost Emilie , Le Mat Anne , Jamoneau Aurélien 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn lake ecosystems, phytoplankton communities can be studied by adopting taxonomic-based approaches. However, these approaches suffer from identification issues and are sometimes of limited ecosystem ecological value. The recent development of functional approaches may allow an evaluation of other aspects of ecosystem quality, functions and interactions with abiotic parameters or other communities. Here, our aim was to create a phytoplankton trait database at the French scale. This database will be relevant for the analysis of phytoplankton communities that will lead to a better understanding of phytoplankton functional ecology in lakes of France and other European countries possessing similar biological communities. We used a French national database of phytoplankton occurrences sampled from 384 lakes over the entire French metropolitan territory. A final list of 636 taxa was used to compile 53 morpho-functional traits associated with taxonomic information. The traits encompassed variables such as shape, biovolume, motility, toxin production and Reynolds groups. With this new database, we aim to provide data for morpho-functional analyses of phytoplankton assemblages from local to European scale.
Significantly enhancement of sunlight photocatalytic performance of ZnO by doping with transition metal oxides
Authors: Ramírez Alfonso E. , Montero-Muñoz Marly , López Lizbeth L. , Ramos-Ibarra J. E. , Coaquira Jose A. H. , Heinrichs Benoît , Páez Carlos A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study we report, the synthesis of ZnO and its doping with Transition Metal Oxides -TMO-, such as Cr2O3, MnO2, FeO, CoO, NiO, Cu2O and CuO. Various characterization techniques were employed to investigate the structural properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data and Rietveld refinement confirmed the presence of TMO phases and that the ZnO structure was not affected by the doping with TMO which was corroborated using transmission Electron microscopy (TEM). Surface areas were low due to blockage of adsorption sites by particle aggregation. TMO doping concentration in the range of 3.7–5.1% was important to calculate the catalytic activity. The UV–Visible spectra showed the variation in the band gap of TMO/ZnO ranging from 3.45 to 2.46 eV. The surface catalyzed decomposition of H2O2 was used as the model reaction to examine the photocatalytic activity following the oxygen production and the systems were compared to bulk ZnO and commercial TiO2-degussa (Aeroxyde-P25). The results indicate that the introduction of TMO species increase significantly the photocatalytic activity. The sunlight photocatalytic performance in ZnO-doped was greater than bulk-ZnO and in the case of MnO2, CoO, Cu2O and CuO surpasses TiO2 (P25-Degussa). This report opens up a new pathway to the design of high-performance materials used in photocatalytic degradation under visible light irradiation.
Hydro-climatic changes of wetlandscapes across the world
Authors: Åhlén I. , Vigouroux G. , Destouni G. , Pietroń J. , Ghajarnia N. , Anaya J. , Blanco J. , Borja S. , Chalov S. , Chun K. P. , Clerici N. , Desormeaux A. , Girard P. , Gorelits O. , Hansen A. , Jaramillo F. , Kalantari Z. , Labbaci A. , Licero-Villanueva L. , Livsey J. , Maneas G. , Pisarello K. L. McCurley , Pahani D. Moshir , Palomino-Ángel S. , Price R. , Ricaurte-Villota C. , Fernanda Ricaurte L. , Rivera-Monroy V. H. , Rodriguez A. , Rodriguez E. , Salgado J. , Sannel B. , Seifollahi-Aghmiuni S. , Simard M. , Sjöberg Y. , Terskii P. , Thorslund J. , Zamora D. A. , Jarsjö J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAssessments of ecosystem service and function losses of wetlandscapes (i.e., wetlands and their hydrological catchments) suffer from knowledge gaps regarding impacts of ongoing hydro-climatic change. This study investigates hydro-climatic changes during 1976–2015 in 25 wetlandscapes distributed across the world’s tropical, arid, temperate and cold climate zones. Results show that the wetlandscapes were subject to precipitation (P) and temperature (T) changes consistent with mean changes over the world’s land area. However, arid and cold wetlandscapes experienced higher T increases than their respective climate zone. Also, average P decreased in arid and cold wetlandscapes, contrarily to P of arid and cold climate zones, suggesting that these wetlandscapes are located in regions of elevated climate pressures. For most wetlandscapes with available runoff (R) data, the decreases were larger in R than in P, which was attributed to aggravation of climate change impacts by enhanced evapotranspiration losses, e.g. caused by land-use changes.
Anti-CfaE nanobodies provide broad cross-protection against major pathogenic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains, with implications for vaccine design
Authors: Amcheslavsky Alla , Wallace Aaron L. , Ejemel Monir , Li Qi , McMahon Conor T. , Stoppato Matteo , Giuntini Serena , Schiller Zachary A. , Pondish Jessica R. , Toomey Jacqueline R. , Schneider Ryan M. , Meisinger Jordan , Heukers Raimond , Kruse Andrew C. , Barry Eileen M. , Pierce Brian G. , Klempner Mark S. , Cavacini Lisa A. , Wang Yang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is estimated to cause approximately 380,000 deaths annually during sporadic or epidemic outbreaks worldwide. Development of vaccines against ETEC is very challenging due to the vast heterogeneity of the ETEC strains. An effective vaccines would have to be multicomponent to provide coverage of over ten ETEC strains with genetic variabilities. There is currently no vaccine licensed to prevent ETEC. Nanobodies are successful new biologics in treating mucosal infectious disease as they recognize conserved epitopes on hypervariable pathogens. Cocktails consisting of multiple nanobodies could provide even broader epitope coverage at a lower cost compared to monoclonal antibodies. Identification of conserved epitopes by nanobodies can also assist reverse engineering of an effective vaccine against ETEC. By screening nanobodies from immunized llamas and a naïve yeast display library against adhesins of colonization factors, we identified single nanobodies that show cross-protective potency against eleven major pathogenic ETEC strains in vitro. Oral administration of nanobodies led to a significant reduction of bacterial colonization in animals. Moreover, nanobody-IgA fusion showed extended inhibitory activity in mouse colonization compared to commercial hyperimmune bovine colostrum product used for prevention of ETEC-induced diarrhea. Structural analysis revealed that nanobodies recognized a highly-conserved epitope within the putative receptor binding region of ETEC adhesins. Our findings support further rational design of a pan-ETEC vaccine to elicit robust immune responses targeting this conserved epitope.
Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
Authors: Uthaithammarat Lita , Kasetsuwan Ngamjit , Chongpison Yuda , Kasetsuwan Pimpetch , Reinprayoon Usanee , Nilyanimit Pornjarim , Poovorawan Yong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study evaluated human papillomavirus’s (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and 116 pterygium patients. Four subgroups of pterygium and DE were used in cytokine evaluations. Conjunctival and pterygium swabs and first-void urine samples (i.e., genitalia samples) were collected for HPV DNA detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tear cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tears were evaluated. No HPV DNA was detected in conjunctival or pterygium swabs. No association was found between HPV DNA in urine samples and that from conjunctival or pterygium swabs. Tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in pterygium patients than in HCs, with no markedly different levels between primary and recurrent pterygia. Tear IL-6, IL-18, and tear VEGF were significantly higher in participants with DE, regardless of pterygium status. In conclusion, HPV infection was not a pathogenic factor of pterygia. The hypothesis of HPV transmitting from the genitals to ocular surfaces was nullified. Tear VEGF was involved in both pterygia and DE, whereas tear IL-6 and IL-18 played roles only in DE.
Heart-related mortality after postoperative breast irradiation in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ in the contemporary radiotherapy era
Authors: Lim Yu Jin , Koh Jaemoon 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough radiation-induced cardiotoxicity has been addressed, its prognostic relevance to modern radiotherapy (RT) techniques is unclear. This study assessed the impact of adjuvant RT on heart-related deaths in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. Patients who underwent adjuvant RT after breast-conserving surgery between 1988 and 2008 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kaplan‒Meier and competing risks analyses were conducted after propensity score-matching according to tumor laterality. A total of 41,526 propensity-matched patients were identified (n = 20,763 for either left- or right-sided tumor). In the analysis of the cumulative incidence of heart-related mortality events, there was a greater risk increment in the left-sided group over the first to second decades after RT in patients aged ≤ 50 years (P = 0.048). Competing risks analysis of the young patients showed that left-sided RT was associated with higher heart-related mortality rates (Grey’s test, P = 0.049). The statistical significance remained after adjusting for other covariates (subdistribution hazard ratio 2.35; 95% confidence interval 1.09‒5.10). Regarding the intrinsic effect of modern RT techniques, further strategies to reduce heart-related risks are needed for young patients. Close surveillance within an earlier follow-up period should be considered for these patients in clinics.
Differences in milk metabolites in Malnad Gidda (Bos indicus) cows reared under pasture-based feeding system
Authors: Ashokan M. , Ramesha Kerekoppa P. , Hallur Sweta , Karthikkeyan Gayathree , Rana Ekta , Azharuddin N. , Raj S. Reshma , Jeyakumar S. , Kumaresan A. , Kataktalware Mukund A. , Das D. N. , Keshava Prasad T. S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe milk and milk products from cows reared under grazing system are believed to be healthier and hence have high demand compared to milk from cows reared in the non-grazing system. However, the effect of grazing on milk metabolites, specifically lipids has not been fully understood. In this study, we used acetonitrile precipitation and methanol:chloroform methods for extracting the milk metabolites followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) run to identify the different metabolites between the milk of grazing and non-grazing early lactating Malnad Gidda cows. Various carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleosides and vitamin derivatives were found to be differentially abundant in grazing cows. A total of 35 metabolites were differentially regulated (fold change above 1.5) between the two groups. Tyrosyl-threonine, histidinyl-cysteine, 1-methyladenine, l-cysteine and selenocysteine showed fold change above 3 in grazing cows. The lipid profile of milk showed a lesser difference between grazing and non-grazing cows as compared to polar metabolites. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest inventory of milk metabolomics data of an Indian cattle (Bos indicus) breed. We believe that our study would help to emerge a field of Nutri-metabolomics and veterinary omics research.
Choosing source of microorganisms and processing technology for next generation beet bioinoculant
Authors: Szymańska Sonia , Sikora Marcin , Hrynkiewicz Katarzyna , Tyburski Jarosław , Tretyn Andrzej , Gołębiewski Marcin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe increase of human population and associated increasing demand for agricultural products lead to soil over-exploitation. Biofertilizers based on lyophilized plant material containing living plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) could be an alternative to conventional fertilizers that fits into sustainable agricultural technologies ideas. We aimed to: (1) assess the diversity of endophytic bacteria in sugar and sea beet roots and (2) determine the influence of osmoprotectants (trehalose and ectoine) addition during lyophilization on bacterial density, viability and salt tolerance. Microbiome diversity was assessed based on 16S rRNA amplicons sequencing, bacterial density and salt tolerance was evaluated in cultures, while bacterial viability was calculated by using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Here we show that plant genotype shapes its endophytic microbiome diversity and determines rhizosphere soil properties. Sea beet endophytic microbiome, consisting of genera characteristic for extreme environments, is more diverse and salt resistant than its crop relative. Supplementing osmoprotectants during root tissue lyophilization exerts a positive effect on bacterial community salt stress tolerance, viability and density. Trehalose improves the above-mentioned parameters more effectively than ectoine, moreover its use is economically advantageous, thus it may be used to formulate improved biofertilizers.
Cannabis sativa L. may reduce aggressive behaviour towards humans in shelter dogs
Authors: Corsetti Sara , Borruso Simona , Malandrucco Livia , Spallucci Valentina , Maragliano Laura , Perino Raffaella , D’Agostino Pietro , Natoli Eugenia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAmong the phytocomplex components of Cannabis sativa L., cannabidiol (CBD) has a recognised therapeutic effect on chronic pain. Little is known about the veterinary use of CBD in dogs. Even less is known on the effects of CBD on dog behaviour, especially in shelters. The purpose of this study was to determine if CBD affects stress related behaviour in shelter dogs. The sample consisted of 24 dogs divided into two groups that were created by assigning the dogs alternately: 12 dogs were assigned to the treatment group and 12 to the control group. Extra virgin olive oil, titrated to 5% in CBD was given to treated group; the placebo consisted of olive oil only, dispensed daily for 45 days. Behavioural data were collected using the ‘focal animal’ sampling method with ‘all occurrences’ and ‘1/0’ methods for 3 h: before (T0), after 15 days (T1), after 45 days of treatment (T2) and after 15 days from the end of the treatment (T3). Treated dogs showed reduced aggressive behaviour toward humans following the treatment (Friedman Test: χ2 = 13.300; df = 3; N = 12; p = .004; adj. sig. p = 0.027), but the difference in the decrease of aggressive behaviour between the two groups was not significant (Mann–Whitney U test, T2–T0: Z = − 1.81; N = 24; p = 0.078). Other behaviours indicative of stress, such as displacing activities and stereotypes, did not decrease. Despite some non-significant results, our findings suggest that it is worth doing more research to further investigate the effect of CBD on dog behaviour; this would be certainly valuable because the potential for improving the welfare of dogs in shelters is priceless.