bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potentials of the direct use of ethanol fuel cell as backup electricity for renewable energy system
Authors: Saisirirat Penyarat , Saisirirat Peerawat , Kongdai Papopchote , Joommanee Brodindech 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The issue of renewable energy has received considerable critical attention. This has led to a decline in the population of Greenhouse Gas (henceforth GHG) emissions, health-risk related emissions and energy security. The main challenge faced by many researchers is major issues of low reliability for producing electricity from solar PV. Wind energy has accentuated the problem of sharing of these renewable energies down in the National Energy plans. The solar PV and wind energy may cause fluctuation depending on the daytime and season. The backup electricity is required for increasing reliability of these renewable energy sources. It is now well established that the Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell (henceforth DEFC) is a high bio-fuel production country. Ethanol also has many advantages such as, high energy density, easy for storage and transport, less dangerous to handle compared to hydrogen gas. In addition, the energy efficiency of DEFC is comparable to that of other fuel cell technology. The low operating temperature means less startup period and thermal input energy. This study aims to analyze the potentials to use DEFC as backup electricity for the renewable energy system. The performance characteristics were examined according to updated experimental results. The advantages and challenges were also discussed in this study.
A Mathematical Model of Laser Drilling with Laser Absorption in the Plasma
Authors: Suchatawat M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Despite being an accurate process with high processing speed, laser drilling suffers from several drawbacks including wall taper, recast layer and spatter. Hence, in order to improve the process efficiency and achieve the good hole quality, it is crucial to have a precise model which can be used as a tool to relate the process parameters to the process output. In this paper, an analytical model of laser drilling is developed. The governing equations are established from the energy equations at the solid-liquid and liquid-vapor interfaces. Absorption of laser energy in the plasma and an additional energy generated from the exothermic reaction are also included in the model. Aiming at simplifying the model, a constant value of the plasma absorption coefficient of the laser beam is employed. Validation of the model is done by comparing with the available experimental data. It is concluded that the recommended value of the plasma absorption coefficient for low carbon steel drilling is 0.2.
Group-velocity symmetry in photonic crystal fibre for ultra-tunable quantum frequency conversion
Authors: Parry C , Main P B , Wright T A , Mosley P J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Low-noise frequency conversion of single photons is a critical tool in establishing fibre-based quantum networks. We show that a single photonic crystal fibre can achieve frequency conversion by Bragg-scattering four-wave mixing of source photons from an ultra-broad wavelength range by engineering a symmetric group velocity profile. Furthermore, we discuss how pump tuning can mitigate realistic discrepancies in device fabrication. This enables a single highly adaptable frequency conversion interface to link disparate nodes in a quantum network via the telecoms band.
DevOmics: an integrated multi-omics database of human and mouse early embryo
Authors: Yan Zhiqiang , An Jianting , Peng Yong , Kong Siming , Liu Qiang , Yang Ming , He Qilong , Song Shi , Chen Yidong , Chen Wei , Li Rong , Qiao Jie , Yan Liying 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Transcriptomic and epigenetic alterations during early embryo development have been proven to play essential roles in regulating the cell fate. Nowadays, advances in single-cell transcriptomics and epigenomics profiling techniques provide large volumes of data for understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms in early embryos and facilitate the investigation of assisted reproductive technology as well as preimplantation genetic testing. However, the lack of integrated data collection and unified analytic procedures greatly limits their usage in scientific research and clinical application. Hence, it is necessary to establish a database integrating the regulatory information of human and mouse early embryos with unified analytic procedures. Here, we introduce DevOmics (http://devomics.cn/), which contains normalized gene expression, DNA methylation, histone modifications (H3K4me3, H3K9me3, H3K27me3, H3K27ac), chromatin accessibility and 3D chromatin architecture profiles of human and mouse early embryos spanning six developmental stages (zygote, 2cell, 4cell, 8cell, morula and blastocyst (ICM, TE)). The current version of DevOmics provides Search and Advanced Search for retrieving genes a researcher is interested in, Analysis Tools including the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis for acquiring DEGs between different types of samples, allelic explorer for displaying allele-specific gene expression as well as epigenetic modifications and correlation analysis for showing the dynamic changes in different layers of data across developmental stages, as well as Genome Browser and Ortholog for visualization. DevOmics offers a user-friendly website for biologists and clinicians to decipher molecular regulatory mechanisms of human and mouse early embryos.
NICEpath: Finding metabolic pathways in large networks through atom-conserving substrate–product pairs
Authors: Hafner Jasmin , Hatzimanikatis Vassily 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Finding biosynthetic pathways is essential for metabolic engineering of organisms to produce chemicals, biodegradation prediction of pollutants and drugs, and for the elucidation of bioproduction pathways of secondary metabolites. A key step in biosynthetic pathway design is the extraction of novel metabolic pathways from big networks that integrate known biological, as well as novel, predicted biotransformations. However, the efficient analysis and the navigation of big biochemical networks remain a challenge.

Results
Here, we propose the construction of searchable graph representations of metabolic networks. Each reaction is decomposed into pairs of reactants and products, and each pair is assigned a weight, which is calculated from the number of conserved atoms between the reactant and the product molecule. We test our method on a biochemical network that spans 6546 known enzymatic reactions to show how our approach elegantly extracts biologically relevant metabolic pathways from biochemical networks, and how the proposed network structure enables the application of efficient graph search algorithms that improve navigation and pathway identification in big metabolic networks. The weighted reactant–product pairs of an example network and the corresponding graph search algorithm are available online. The proposed method extracts metabolic pathways fast and reliably from big biochemical networks, which is inherently important for all applications involving the engineering of metabolic networks.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/EPFL-LCSB/nicepath.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Multidimensional Approach to Explore the Experiences with Ethnic Matching amongst Chinese Social Service Practitioners in the Greater Toronto Area
Authors: Leung Vivian W Y , Tan Weijia , Chuang Deng-Min , Tsang Ka Tat , Lai Daniel W L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In multicultural societies, social workers often work with people of diverse cultural backgrounds. As one of the strategies to facilitate social workers’ cultural competence in diverse settings, they are often matched with clients of the same or similar cultural backgrounds. This practice is called ethnic matching and is commonly utilised in ethno-specific and immigrant-serving organisations. This practice has been extensively studied in the literature and is believed to be beneficial to treatment acceptability and service quality. Nonetheless, most of the existing literature focuses on the practitioner–client dyad without taking the broader context into consideration. This study adopted a multidimensional cultural competence approach to examine Chinese practitioners’ lived experiences of serving Chinese immigrants in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Six focus groups were conducted (n = 34), and data were analysed using a grounded theory approach. Results show themes across four levels: (i) personal: personal experience as a motivator; (ii) interpersonal: shared culture and language as a double-edged sword; (iii) organisational: service target shifts and increased difficulty to ethnically match and (iv) community: intracommunity heterogeneity and mismatch. This study provides recommendations for social workers, educators and policymakers to consider when applying ethnic matching in cross-cultural settings.
Toward Both Privacy and Efficiency of Homomorphic MACs for Polynomial Functions and Its Applications
Authors: Li Shimin , Wang Xin , Xue Rui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Homomorphic message authentication codes (MACs) allow a user to outsource data to an untrusted server and verify the correctness of returned computation results over the outsourced data. Many cloud applications need delegation computations over outsourced data with dual capabilities. On one hand, they need to keep the outsourced data secret such that the server cannot trace and infer any sensitive information from the computation results. On the other hand, the user should be able to efficiently verify the computation results. Unfortunately, the state-of-the-art homomorphic MAC schemes are not so desirable due to either poor privacy or low verification efficiency. In this paper, we first put forward a new cryptographic primitive called privacy-preserving homomorphic MACs (PHMAC) that simultaneously provides data privacy and efficient verification. Then, we present a PHMAC construction capable for the evaluation of polynomials of fixed degree $d\geq 1$, in which the tag does not reveal any information of underlying authenticated data while being verifiable in constant time (in an amortized sense). As an application, we give a generic construction of homomorphic authenticated encryption (HAE) from proposed PHMAC and homomorphic encryption. Benefited from the functionalities of underlying PHMAC scheme, the derived HAE enjoys stronger authenticity and supports larger classes of functions than that of Lai et al. (Verifiable Computation on Outsourced Encrypted Data. In Computer Security—ESORICS 2014—19th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, Wroclaw, Poland, September 7–11, Part I, pp. 273–291. Springer, Berlin). Such HAE enables verifiable delegation computations over growing outsourced encrypted data in an efficient way.
Stakeholders’ perspectives on online interventions to improve mental health in eating disorder patients and carers in Germany
Authors: Schmidt-Hantke Juliane , Vollert Bianka , Hagner Franziska , Beintner Ina , Hütter Kristian , Nitsch Martina , Jacobi Corinna , Waldherr Karin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Eating disorders are causing severe consequences for those affected as well as a high burden for their carers. Although there is a substantial need for psychological assistance, different factors are hindering access to support. Internet-based interventions can help to overcome these barriers. To date, there is only little knowledge on attitudes of potential users, facilitators (e.g. psychologists) and decision makers (e.g. health insurances) regarding these interventions.

Methods
We conducted focus groups with potential users (N = 30) and semi-structured interviews with potential decision makers (N = 4). Potential facilitators (N = 41) participated in an online survey. Stakeholders’ experiences, attitudes, and their needs regarding Internet-based interventions for eating disorder patients and carers were assessed. Furthermore, hindering and fostering factors related to reach, adoption, implementation and maintenance were analyzed.

Results
About two-thirds of the participating facilitators have heard or read about Internet-based interventions in general. In contrast, the other stakeholders mentioned to have no or little experience with such interventions. Factors like anonymity, availability and cost-effectiveness were seen as major advantages. Also disadvantages, e.g. lack of personal contact, limitations by disease severity and concerns on data safety, were mentioned. Stakeholders stated the need for interventions which are usable, evidence-based, tailored and provide personal support.

Conclusion
Stakeholders considered Internet-based programmes to have more advantages than disadvantages. Effort should be put in providing systematic education to address prejudices. When offering an online intervention, stakeholders’ needs, as well as a continuous evaluation and adaptation, have to be taken into account.
Comparative Genomics Reveals Factors Associated with Phenotypic Expression of Wolbachia
Authors: Baião Guilherme Costa , Janice Jessin , Galinou Maria , Klasson Lisa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wolbachia is a widespread, vertically transmitted bacterial endosymbiont known for manipulating arthropod reproduction. Its most common form of reproductive manipulation is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), observed when a modification in the male sperm leads to embryonic lethality unless a compatible rescue factor is present in the female egg. CI attracts scientific attention due to its implications for host speciation and in the use of Wolbachia for controlling vector-borne diseases. However, our understanding of CI is complicated by the complexity of the phenotype, whose expression depends on both symbiont and host factors. In the present study, we perform a comparative analysis of nine complete Wolbachia genomes with known CI properties in the same genetic host background, Drosophila simulans STC. We describe genetic differences between closely related strains and uncover evidence that phages and other mobile elements contribute to the rapid evolution of both genomes and phenotypes of Wolbachia. Additionally, we identify both known and novel genes associated with the modification and rescue functions of CI. We combine our observations with published phenotypic information and discuss how variability in cif genes, novel CI-associated genes, and Wolbachia titer might contribute to poorly understood aspects of CI such as strength and bidirectional incompatibility. We speculate that high titer CI strains could be better at invading new hosts already infected with a CI Wolbachia, due to a higher rescue potential, and suggest that titer might thus be a relevant parameter to consider for future strategies using CI Wolbachia in biological control.
Proof of principle for piggyBac-mediated transgenesis in the flatworm Macrostomum lignano
Authors: Ustyantsev Kirill , Wudarski Jakub , Sukhikh Igor , Reinoite Filipa , Mouton Stijn , Berezikov Eugene 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Regeneration-capable flatworms are informative research models to study the mechanisms of stem cell regulation, regeneration, and tissue patterning. The free-living flatworm Macrostomum lignano is currently the only flatworm where stable transgenesis is available, and as such it offers a powerful experimental platform to address questions that were previously difficult to answer. The published transgenesis approach relies on random integration of DNA constructs into the genome. Despite its efficiency, there is room and need for further improvement and diversification of transgenesis methods in M. lignano. Transposon-mediated transgenesis is an alternative approach, enabling easy mapping of the integration sites and the possibility of insertional mutagenesis studies. Here, we report for the first time that transposon-mediated transgenesis using piggyBac can be performed in M. lignano to create stable transgenic lines with single-copy transgene insertions.
The Importance of Monitoring the Postpartum Period in Moderate to Severe Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Bennett Audrey , Mamunes Alexander , Kim Mindy , Duley Caroline , Garrett Ailish , Annis Kim , Wagnon Julianne , Dalal Robin , Scoville Elizabeth , Beaulieu Dawn , Schwartz David , Horst Sara 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Prior research demonstrates Crohn’s disease patients often do well in pregnancy; however, less is known about the risk of flare in the postpartum period.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary care inflammatory bowel disease center. All pregnant women with Crohn’s disease who were followed in the postpartum period, defined as 6 months after delivery, were included. Statistical analysis included χ 2 analysis, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and logistic regression analysis. The primary outcome of interest was rate of flare in the postpartum period.

Results
There were 105 patients included in the study, with a majority (68%) on biologic medication during pregnancy. Thirty-one patients (30%) had a postpartum flare at a median of 9 weeks (range 2–24 weeks). Twenty-five patients (81%) had their postpartum flare managed in the outpatient setting with medications (only 4 of these patients required prednisone). 6 of 31 patients (19%) were hospitalized at a median of 4 weeks (range 2–26 weeks) after delivery, requiring intravenous corticosteroids or surgery. In multivariable regression, there was no significant increase in risk of postpartum flare with increasing maternal age, flare during pregnancy, or steroid or biologic use during pregnancy. Smoking during pregnancy increased risk of postpartum flare (odds ratio, 16.2 [1.72–152.94], P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
In a cohort of Crohn’s disease patients, 30% experienced a postpartum flare despite being on medical therapy, but most were able to be managed in the outpatient setting.
Protein composition and associated material properties of cobweb spiders’ gumfoot glue droplets
Authors: Ayoub Nadia A , Friend Kyle , Clarke Thomas , Baker Richard , Correa-Garhwal Sandra , Crean Andrew , Dendev Enkhbileg , Foster Delaney , Hoff Lorden , Kelly Sean , Patterson Wade , Hayashi Cheryl Y , Opell Brent D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The origin of aggregate silk glands and their production of wet adhesive silks is considered a key innovation of the Araneoidea, a superfamily of spiders that build orb-webs and cobwebs. Orb-web weavers place aggregate glue on an extensible capture spiral, whereas cobweb weavers add it to the ends of strong, stiff fibers, called gumfoot lines. Here we describe the material behavior and quantitative proteomics of the aggregate glues of two cobweb weaving species, the Western black widow, Latrodectus hesperus, and the common house spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum. For each species respectively, we identified 48 and 33 proteins that were significantly more abundant in the portion of the gumfoot line with glue than in its fibers. These proteins were more highly glycosylated and phosphorylated than proteins found in silk fibers without glue, which likely explains aggregate glue stickiness. Most glue-enriched proteins were of anterior aggregate gland origin, supporting the hypothesis that cobweb weavers’ posterior aggregate glue is specialized for another function. We found that cobweb weaver glue droplets are stiffer and tougher than the adhesive of most orb-web weaving species. Attributes of gumfoot glue protein composition that likely contribute to this stiffness include the presence of multiple protein families with conserved cysteine residues, a bimodal distribution of isoelectric points, and families with conserved functions in protein aggregation, all of which should contribute to cohesive protein-protein interactions. House spider aggregate droplets were more responsive to humidity changes than black widow droplets, which could be mediated by differences in protein sequence, post-translational modifications, the non-protein components of the glue droplets, and/or the larger amount of aqueous material that surrounds the adhesive cores of their glue droplets.
Analysis of backward Euler projection FEM for the Landau–Lifshitz equation
Authors: An Rong , Sun Weiwei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper focuses on the analysis of the Euler projection Galerkin finite element method (FEM) for the dynamics of magnetization in ferromagnetic materials, described by the Landau–Lifshitz equation with the point-wise constraint $|{\textbf{m}}|=1$. The method is based on a simple sphere projection that projects the numerical solution onto a unit sphere at each time step, and the method has been used in many areas in the past several decades. However, error analysis for the commonly used method has not been done since the classical energy approach cannot be applied directly. In this paper we present an optimal $\textbf{L}^2$ error analysis of the backward Euler sphere projection method by using quadratic or higher order finite elements under a time step condition $\tau =O(\epsilon _0 h)$ with some small $\epsilon _0&gt;0$. The analysis is based on more precise estimates of the extra error caused by the sphere projection in both $\textbf{L}^2$ and $\textbf{H}^1$ norms, and the classical estimate of dual norm. Numerical experiment is provided to confirm our theoretical analysis.
Linear Integrable Systems on Quad-Graphs
Authors: Bobenko Alexander I , Suris Yuri B 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the first part of the paper, we classify linear integrable (multidimensionally consistent) quad-equations on bipartite isoradial quad-graphs in $\mathbb{C}$, enjoying natural symmetries and the property that the restriction of their solutions to the black vertices satisfies a Laplace type equation. The classification reduces to solving a functional equation. Under certain restriction, we give a complete solution of the functional equation, which is expressed in terms of elliptic functions. We find two real analytic reductions, corresponding to the cases when the underlying complex torus is of a rectangular type or of a rhombic type. The solution corresponding to the rectangular type was previously found by Boutillier, de Tilière, and Raschel. Using the multidimensional consistency, we construct the discrete exponential function, which serves as a basis of solutions of the quad-equation. In the second part of the paper, we focus on the integrability of discrete linear variational problems. We consider discrete pluri-harmonic functions, corresponding to a discrete two-form with a quadratic dependence on the fields at black vertices only. In an important particular case, we show that the problem reduces to a two-field generalization of the classical star-triangle map. We prove the integrability of this novel 3D system by showing its multidimensional consistency. The Laplacians from the first part come as a special solution of the two-field star-triangle map.
Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Jing , Chen Yidong , Kong Siming , Qiao Jie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The worldwide infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacts human health and life on multiple levels. People infected with SARS-CoV-2 suffer from physical disorders and psychological distress. At present, no direct evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 negatively influences human reproduction, and the possibility that gametes and embryos are affected requires further investigation. To evaluate the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction and fetal health, this review summarizes the basic and clinical research of SARS-CoV-2 on reproduction up to date, hoping to offer guidance and advice to people at reproductive age and provide clues for the prevention and treatment of associated diseases.