bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of ultraviolet radiation and exposome on rosacea: Key role of photoprotection in optimizing treatment
Authors: Morgado‐Carrasco Daniel , Granger Corinne , Trullas Carles , Piquero‐Casals Jaime 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPathophysiology of rosacea is not completely understood and involves a complex interaction among genetics, ultraviolet (UV) light, microorganisms, impaired skin barrier, neuronal and vascular dysfunction, and immune system disruption.AimsTo describe the etiology of rosacea with an emphasis on the role of UV radiation and exposome, and to review the importance of non‐pharmacologic strategies focusing on photoprotection.MethodsWe conducted a narrative review of the literature. We performed literature searches with PubMed from January 1990 to November 2020 using the keywords “rosacea”, “pathogenesis”, “ultraviolet radiation”, “exposome”, “photoprotection”, “sunscreens” and “non‐pharmacologic agents”. The search was limited to English, Spanish, and French language articles.ResultsSeveral environmental factors such as UV light, diverse microorganisms, air pollution, tobacco smoking, nutrition, and psychological stress showed to trigger or worsen rosacea. UV radiation was reported to induce pro‐inflammatory, pro‐angiogenic, and pro‐fibrotic responses. We found 6 original articles about the impact of sunscreens on rosacea. The use of sunscreens containing ingredients with emollient, anti‐inflammatory, and/or vasoregulatory properties was shown to significantly improve symptomatology.ConclusionUV radiation and the exposome play a key role in the development of rosacea. UV light is implicated in all significant aspects of rosacea: skin inflammation, neoangiogenesis, telangiectasia, and fibrosis, and may even initiate rosacea. While the use of sunscreens is widely recommended, the literature on the impact of photoprotection in rosacea is scarce. Adequately formulated sunscreens could not only provide the required level of photoprotection, but may also help to mitigate the barrier dysfunction, neutralize facial redness (tinted sunscreens), and decrease inflammation and vascular dysfunction.
Women's Psychological Experiences in a Narrative Therapy‐Based Group: An Analysis of Participants' Writings and Beck Depression Inventory–Second Edition
Authors: Koganei Kiyoko , Asaoka Yuki , Nishimatsu Yoshiko , Kito Satoshi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore women's experiences in a narrative therapy‐based group conducted to help participants re‐author their stories. Seven women who were either patients or individuals enrolled in Transition Support for Employment at a psychiatric clinic participated in the meetings, one every fortnight. Each session explored a theme based on narrative therapy techniques such as externalization. The participants wrote their reflections during each session, and completed the Beck Depression Inventory‐Second Edition (BDI‐II) during the initial and final sessions. An affinity diagram was developed to classify their written reflections into 22 lower categories (e.g., new understanding of self, forward‐looking‐understanding of life) and 4 upper categories (“Insight,” “Sharing with others,” “Changes with understanding of lives,” “Higher motivation”). The relationship among five lower categories comprising “Insight” was explored, and it became apparent that clarification of participants' own thoughts about social problems functioned as a mediator promoting the process. The largest portion of depressed feelings emerged during the initial session, and four participants had lower scores for BDI‐II items such as self‐criticism in the final session. The results suggest that the group's purpose was realized. However, future studies should examine participants' feelings more closely, especially during the initial session.
Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex intrinsic functional connectivity linked to electrocortical measures of error monitoring
Authors: Gilbertson Hayley , Fang Lin , Andrzejewski Jeremy A. , Carlson Joshua M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe error‐related negativity (ERN) is a response‐locked event‐related potential, occurring approximately 50 ms following an erroneous response at frontocentral electrode sites. Source localization and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research indicate that the ERN is likely generated by activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). The dACC is thought to be a part of a broader network of brain regions that collectively comprise an error monitoring network. However, little is known about how intrinsic connectivity within the dACC‐based error monitoring network contributes to variability in ERN amplitude. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between dACC functional connectivity and ERN amplitude. In a sample of highly trait anxious individuals, the ERN was elicited in a flanker task and functional connectivity was assessed in a 10‐min resting‐state fMRI scan. Results suggest that the strength of dACC seeded functional connectivity with the supplementary motor area is correlated with the ΔERN (i.e., incorrect—correct responses) amplitude such that greater ΔERN amplitude was accompanied by greater functional coupling between these regions. In sum, ERN amplitude appears to be related to the strength of functional connectivity between error monitoring and motor control regions of the brain.
Suicide as an interpersonal phenomenon: Dyadic methodological and statistical considerations in suicide research
Authors: Leifker Feea R. , Leo Karena , Adamo Colin , Baucom Brian R. W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInterpersonal risk and resilience factors are prominent in current conceptual models of suicide. A growing body of empirical evidence links suicidal thoughts and behaviors to a range of interpersonal phenomenon adding further support to the value of this line of inquiry. At present, research on interpersonal phenomenon focuses on assessing individuals' perceptions of interpersonal phenomenon, such as appraisals of burdensomeness, experienced loneliness, and thwarted belongingness. As this line of research continues to develop, we argue that it would be valuable to consider incorporating conceptual models of interpersonal phenomenon and corresponding methodological approaches from closely allied fields. After providing a brief overview of interpersonal models of suicide, we present an introduction to conceptual models of interpersonal phenomenon developed in relationship science, describe how these models can be applied to the study of interpersonal phenomenon in suicide research, and close with a guided tutorial on data collection and statistical analysis methods for testing hypotheses derived from these conceptual approaches. References for additional reading are provided, and the Appendix S1 provides simulated data sets and statistical code for the analyses in the tutorial section.
A gentle tutorial on power simulations in suicide research: Worked examples in R
Authors: Cero Ian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionPower analysis is critical for both planning future research samples and evaluating the reasonability of answers produced by pre‐existing and fixed samples. Unfortunately, the irregularity of suicide‐related data and the need for increasingly complex models in suicide research can make traditional power formulas inaccurate or even unusable. Ignoring these common problems risks both over‐ and under‐recruiting, as well as obscuring the true quality of the results (up and down) to future reviewers and readers.MethodA better option is to use Monte Carlo power simulations.ResultsThese techniques produce answers that are equivalent to traditional power formulas when traditional assumptions are met, but produce more accurate results in the common case when those assumptions are violated.ConclusionWhat follows is a tutorial on how suicide researchers can conduct such simulations. It begins by building the reader’s intuition for why simulations work, followed by two worked examples in R. Discussion also includes guidelines for conducting and reporting simulations, along with answers to frequently asked questions. Appendices provide code examples researchers can model and adapt to their own simulations as needed.
Simultaneous Fault Detection and Control for Continuous-Time Switched Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Systems With State Jumps
Authors: Ait Ladel Ayyoub , Benzaouia Abdellah , Outbib Rachid , Ouladsine Mustapha 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article addresses the simultaneous fault detection and control (SFDC) issue for switched Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy systems with state jumps. The main objective is to design robust detection filters and observer-based controllers to stabilize this system class and, at the same time, detect the presence of faults. Less conservative stability conditions are developed, applying the mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) concept, the robust H∞ approach, and the piecewise Lyapunov function (PLF) technique. Based on these conditions, the integrated controller and detector design is formalized in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMI) instead of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMI). The proposed LMIs determine the controller/detector gains simultaneously in a single step, thus offering more degrees-of-freedom in the design. Finally, a numerical example and two real systems are studied to prove the applicability and effectiveness of the obtained results.
A Novel Modular Approach for Kinematic Modeling and Analysis of Planar Hybrid Manipulators
Authors: Gupta Sakshi , Gupta Sameer , Agrawal Anupam , Singla Ekta 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For customized design of a hybrid manipulator for a specific application, selection of an appropriate configuration is always a challenge. To assist in this foremost decision in data-driven synthesis, a novel approach is proposed for modular formation of quick configurations. Majorly, a unified methodology is presented for the development of respective kinematic models and differential relations for their performance analyses. This unified modular approach utilizes modular primitives to define planar hybrid configurations. Three types of primitives are introduced as modular components, and the pattern study is detailed. Modeling results from the proposed approach are also compared with normally used partial differentiation with respect to the computational efforts, streamlined modular implementations, and applicability in optimal design approaches. The comparison highlights how the column-wise approach is appropriate for modular methodology. The strategy will help a designer as a tool for analyzing several configurations. Two realistic case studies are demonstrated in this article for application of the methodology in the medical robotics field.
Comparison of Physiological Parameters During On-Water and Ergometer Kayaking and Their Relationship to Performance in Sprint Kayak Competitions
Authors: Matzka Manuel , Zinner Christoph , Kunz Philipp , Holmberg Hans-Christer , Sperlich Billy 
Published: February 2021

Purpose:(1) To compare various physiological indicators of performance during a 5 × 1500-m incremental kayak test performed on an ergometer and on-water and (2) to analyze the relationships between these indicators and the actual competition performance of elite sprint kayakers, aiming to provide information to coaches for evaluating and planning training on-water.Methods:A total of 14 male and female German elite sprint kayakers performed an incremental test both on an ergometer and on-water. The tissue saturation index of the musculus (m.)biceps brachii, oxygen consumption, ratings of perceived exertion, and levels of blood lactate were measured and compared with actual racing times. In addition, power output was monitored during ergometer testing only.Results:Oxygen consumption during the fourth (P = .02;d = 0.32) and final (fifth;P < .001;d = 0.32) steps of incremental testing was higher on-water than on the ergometer. The tissue saturation index of the m.biceps brachiiwas approximately 21% higher at the end of the ergometer test (P = .002;d = 1.14). During the second (P = .01;d = 0.78), third (P = .005;d = 0.93), and fourth stages (P = .005;d = 1.02), the ratings of perceived exertion for ergometer kayaking was higher. During the final step, power output was most closely correlated to 200- (r = .88), 500- (r = .93), and 1000-m (r = .86) racing times (allPs < .01).Conclusions:During high-intensity kayaking on an ergometer or on-water, the oxygen consumption and tissue saturation index of the m.biceps brachiidiffer. Furthermore, at moderate to submaximal intensities, the ratings of perceived exertion were higher for ergometer than for on-water kayaking. Finally, of all parameters assessed, the power output during ergometer kayaking exhibited the strongest correlation with actual racing performance.
Effects of Velocity Loss Threshold Within Resistance Training During Concurrent Training on Endurance and Strength Performance
Authors: Sánchez-Moreno Miguel , Rodríguez-Rosell David , Díaz-Cueli David , Pareja-Blanco Fernando , González-Badillo Juan José 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: This study analyzed the effects of 3 training interventions: 1 isolated endurance training (ET) and 2 concurrent training (CT), which differed in the velocity loss (VL) magnitude allowed during the resistance training (RT) set: 15% (VL15) versus 45%, on strength and endurance running performance. Methods: A total of 33 resistance- and endurance-trained men were randomly allocated into 3 groups: VL15, VL 45%, and ET. ET was similar across all groups. The CT groups differed in the VL allowed during the RT set. Before and after the 8-week training program the following tests were performed: (1) running sprints, (2) vertical jump, (3) progressive loading test in the squat exercise, and (4) incremental treadmill running test up to maximal oxygen uptake. Results: Significant differences (P < .001) in RT volume (approximately 401 vs 177 total repetitions for VL 45% and VL15, respectively) were observed. Significant “group” × “time” interactions were observed for vertical jump and all strength-related variables: the CT groups attained significantly greater gains than ET. Moreover, a significant “group” × “time” interaction (P = .03) was noted for velocity at maximal oxygen uptake. Although all groups showed increases in velocity at maximal oxygen uptake, the VL15 group achieved greater gains than the ET group. Conclusions: CT interventions experienced greater strength gains than the ET group. Although all groups improved their endurance performance, the VL15 intervention resulted in greater gains than the ET approach. Therefore, moderate VL thresholds in RT performed during CT could be a good strategy for concurrently maximizing strength and endurance development.
Load Index and Vertical Jump to Monitor Neuromuscular Fatigue in an Elite 800-m Athlete
Authors: Marco-Contreras Luis A. , Bachero-Mena Beatriz , Rodríguez-Rosell David , González-Badillo Juan J. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To analyze the relationships between the evolution of training-load values and countermovement jump (CMJ) as an indicator of stress and fatigue in a high-level 800-m runner during a whole season, including indoor (ID) and outdoor season (OD). Methods: Over 42 weeks, daily training load was quantified as the result of the product of the intensity and volume, and it was termed load index (LI). CMJ was measured in every running session after warm-up and immediately after the last effort of the session. Other jump-related variables such as CMJ height loss, average weekly CMJ, initial CMJ of the next consecutive session, and initial CMJ of the following week were studied. Results: A significant negative relationship was observed between LI and weekly CMJ (ID: r = −.68, P < .001, common variance [CV] = 46%; OD: r = −.73, P < .001, CV = 53%), initial CMJ of the following week (OD: r = −.71, P < .01, CV = 50%), and CMJ height loss (ID: r = −.58, P < .01, CV = 34%; OD: r = −.52, P < .01, CV = 27%). A significant positive relationship was observed between LI and initial CMJ of the next consecutive session when LI values were <8 (OD: r = .72; P < .01, CV = 52%). However, from values ≥8, the relationship turned into a significant negative one (ID: r = −.74; P < .01, CV = 55%; OD: r = −64, P < .01, CV = 41%). Conclusions: CMJ may be a valid indicator of the degree of stress or fatigue generated by specific training sessions of a competitive athlete within a single session, a week, or even the following week. There could be an individual limit LI value from which the training volume does not allow a positive effect on high-speed actions such as a CMJ in the next consecutive session.
Cost and cost-effectiveness of a real-world HCV treatment program among HIV-infected individuals in Myanmar
Authors: Marquez Lara K , Chaillon Antoine , Soe Kyi Pyar , Johnson Derek C , Zosso Jean-Marc , Incerti Andrea , Loarec Anne , Nguyen Aude , Walker Josephine G , Mafirakureva Nyashadzaishe , Lo Re III Vincent , Wynn Adriane , McIntosh Craig , Kiene Susan M , Brodine Stephanie , Garfein Richard S , Vickerman Peter , Martin Natasha K 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionOver half of those hepatitis C virus (HCV)/HIV coinfected live in low-income and middle-income countries, and many remain undiagnosed or untreated. In 2016, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) established a direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment programme for people HCV/HIV coinfected in Myanmar. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the real-world cost and cost-effectiveness of this programme, and potential cost-effectiveness if implemented by the Ministry of Health (MoH).MethodsCosts (patient-level microcosting) and treatment outcomes were collected from the MSF prospective cohort study in Dawei, Myanmar. A Markov model was used to assess cost-effectiveness of the programme compared with no HCV treatment from a health provider perspective. Estimated lifetime and healthcare costs (in 2017 US$) and health outcomes (in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs)) were simulated to calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), compared with a willingness-to-pay threshold of per capita Gross Domestic Product in Myanmar ($1250). We evaluated cost-effectiveness with updated quality-assured generic DAA prices and potential cost-effectiveness of a proposed simplified treatment protocol with updated DAA prices if implemented by the MoH.ResultsFrom November 2016 to October 2017, 122 with HIV/HCV-coinfected patients were treated with DAAs (46% with cirrhosis), 96% (n=117) achieved sustained virological response. Mean treatment costs were $1229 (without cirrhosis) and $1971 (with cirrhosis), with DAA drugs being the largest contributor to cost. Compared with no treatment, the program was cost-effective (ICER $634/DALY averted); more so with updated prices for quality-assured generic DAAs (ICER $488/DALY averted). A simplified treatment protocol delivered by the MoH could be cost-effective if associated with similar outcomes (ICER $316/DALY averted).ConclusionsUsing MSF programme data, the DAA treatment programme for HCV among HIV-coinfected individuals is cost-effective in Myanmar, and even more so with updated DAA prices. A simplified treatment protocol could enhance cost-effectiveness if further rollout demonstrates it is not associated with worse treatment outcomes.
Comparison of a single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T measurement with the HEART score for rapid rule-out of acute myocardial infarction in a primary care emergency setting: a cohort study
Authors: Johannessen Tonje R , Atar Dan , Vallersnes Odd Martin , Larstorp Anne Cecilie K , Mdala Ibrahimu , Halvorsen Sigrun 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the rule-out safety of a single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) with the History, ECG, Age, Risk factors and Troponin (HEART) score in a low-prevalence primary care setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).ParticipantsPatients with non-specific symptoms suggestive of AMI were consecutively enroled at a primary care emergency clinic in Oslo, Norway from November 2016 to October 2018.MethodsAfter initial assessment by a general practitioner, hs-cTnT samples were drawn. AMI was ruled-out by a single hs-cTnT <5 ng/L measured ≥3 hours after symptom onset. The HEART score was calculated retrospectively; a score ≤3 of 10 points was considered low risk. We also calculated a modified HEART score using more sensitive hs-cTnT thresholds. The primary outcome was the diagnostic performance for the rule-out of AMI at the index event; the secondary the composite of AMI or all-cause death at 90 days.ResultsAmong 1711 patients, 61 (3.6%) were diagnosed with AMI, and 569 (33.3%) patients were assigned to single rule-out (<5 ng/L). With no AMIs in this group, the negative predictive value (NPV) and sensitivity were both 100.0% (95% CI 99.4% to 100.0% and 94.1% to 100.0%, respectively), and the specificity 34.5% (32.2% to 36.8%). The original HEART score triaged more patients as low risk (n=871), but missed five AMIs (NPV 99.4% (98.7% to 99.8%); sensitivity 91.8% (81.9% to 97.3%) and specificity 52.5% (50.0% to 54.9%)). The modified HEART score increased the low-risk sensitivity to 98.4% (91.2% to 100.0%), with specificity 38.7% (36.3% to 41.1%). The 90-day incidence of AMI or death in the single rule-out and the original and modified low-risk HEART groups were 0.0%, 0.7%, and 0.2%, respectively.ConclusionIn a primary care emergency setting, a single hs-cTnT strategy was superior to the HEART score in ruling out AMI. This rapid and safe approach may enhance the assessment of patients with chest pain outside of hospitals.Trial registration numberNCT02983123.