bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Preparation, Characterization, and Stability of the (1-x) CsH2PO4 + xTiO2 Composite Electrolytes for Fuel Cells
Authors: Singh Deshraj , Kumar Pawan , Singh Jitendra , Veer Dharm , Katiyar Ram S , Kumar Aravind 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Composite Electrolytes (1-x)CsH2PO4/xTiO2(0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) were prepared and analyzed the structural, thermal, and transport properties. We have investigated the ionic conductivity of the composites electrolyte highly pressurized pellets and found that the conductivity of pure CsH2PO4 (CDP) increased three orders of magnitude at the transition temperature. The conductivity value of the composites is greater than pure CDP after 250°C. Arrhenius plots have confirmed the conductive nature of ionic conduction. The dehydration behavior and thermal stability of the materials were observed in terms of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis, and found that the minimum weight loss for the composite 0.6CDP/0.4TiO2. The electrodes were prepared with the technique of vapor deposition.
Anthropogenic Activities Destabilized Bacterial Co-occurrence Networks in a Subtropical River
Authors: Liu Lemian , Wang Shanshan , Chen Jianfeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Previous studies suggested that strong positive correlations between microbial taxa destabilized microbial co-occurrence network, because network members which had strong positive correlations with each other tended to decrease in abundance synchronously. Anthropogenic activities have strong influences on microbial community composition and diversity in riverine ecosystems, but how they influence the stability of microbial co-occurrence network remain unclear. In this study, we used nutrient concentrations (nitrogen and phosphorus) as an indicator for anthropogenic activities, and explored the effects of anthropogenic activities on the stability of bacterial co-occurrence networks in a subtropical river, Xiyuan River. The nutrient concentrations were higher in midstream and downstream areas than in upstream area of Xiyuan River. The average proportion and correlation coefficient of positive correlations were higher in midstream and downstream networks than in upstream networks, indicating frequent anthropogenic activities destabilized the bacterial co-occurrence networks. To further explore the mechanisms, we found that the changes of network stabilities were associated with the changes of bacterial functions. Anthropogenic activity tolerant bacteria (e.g. nutrient removal, aromatic degradation and pathogen bacteria) and their linked bacterial members formed the large and strong positive modules in the midstream and downstream networks, and thus destabilized the networks. Based on network perspective, our results provide a new insight in the mechanisms of how anthropogenic activities alter riverine microbial communities.
Selectivity and Potency of Natural Product Pim Kinase Inhibitors Identified By in Silico Docking
Authors: Russell Michael , Fazio Nicholas , Webster Jace , Hansen Marc 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PIM3 (Proviral Integration site for Maloney murine leukemia virus kinase 3) is a proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity that prevents apoptosis, promotes cell survival, and stimulates protein translation. Additionally, PIM3 functions in inflammation and immunity pathways. PIM3 inhibitors are being developed to treat cancer and inflammation-related disorders. Here we screen a 98,000 compound virtual library of natural products to identify those that are predicted to fit in the ATP site of PIM3. Since the structure of PIM3 has not been determined experimentally, we performed molecular structure prediction using the SWISS-MODEL tool to generate a PIM3 model structure for in silico screening. Compounds predicted to fit the ATP binding site of PIM3 were validated using biochemical assays, revealing activity against PIM3 for all 8 candidates, with potencies mostly in the micromolar range. We tested several analogs of two validated candidates, the diosgenin glycoside dioscin and the biflavonoid hinokiflavone. Among five dioscin analogs, three exhibit similar potency against PIM3, and with some selectivity for PIM3 versus PIM1 and 2. Meanwhile, 3 of seven biflavonoid analogs exhibit sub-micromolar IC50 potency against PIM3, but with less selectivity for PIM3 versus PIM 1 and 2.
Compound Heterozygous Mutations in TGFBI Cause a Severe Phenotype of Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 2
Authors: Jun Ikhyun , Ji Yong Woo , Choi Seung-il , Lee Bo Ram , Min Ji Sang , Kim Eung Kweon 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We investigated the clinical and genetic features of patients with severe phenotype of granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) associated with compound heterozygosity in the transforming growth factor-β-induced (TGFBI) gene. Patients with severe GCD2 underwent ophthalmic examination (best-corrected visual acuity test, intraocular pressure measurement, slit-lamp examination, and slit-lamp photograph analysis) and direct Sanger sequencing of whole-TGFBI. The patient’s family was tested to determine the pedigrees. Five novel mutations (p.His174Asp, p.Ile247Asn, p.Tyr88Cys, p.Arg257Pro, and p.Tyr468*) and two known mutations (p.Asn544Ser and p.Arg179*) in TGFBI were identified, along with p.Arg124His, in the patients. Trans-phase of TGFBI second mutations was confirmed by pedigree analysis. Multiple, extensive discoid granular, and increased linear deposits were observed in the probands carrying p.Arg124His and other nonsense mutations. Some patients who had undergone phototherapeutic keratectomy experienced rapid recurrence (p.Ile247Asn and p.Asn544Ser); however, the cornea was well-maintained in a patient who underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (p.Ile247Asn). Thus, compound heterozygosity of TGFBI is associated with the phenotypic variability of TGFBI corneal dystrophies, suggesting that identifying TGFBI second mutations may be vital in patients with extraordinarily severe phenotypes. Our findings indicate the necessity for a more precise observation of genotype-phenotype correlation and additional care when treating TGFBI corneal dystrophies.
Nonlinear Dynamic Study of Oscillation System Featuring Quasi-Zero and Asymmetric Stiffness
Authors: Le Thanh Danh , Nguyen Minh Ky , Vo Ngoc Yen Phuong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper will broaden our previous works about the asymmetric and quasi-zero stiffness oscillator named AQZSO. In this paper, the dynamic stiffness of the AQZSO will be investigated. Then, the condition for which the minimum dynamic stiffness is quasi-zero around the equilibrium position is also determined. By using Multi-Scale method, the fundamental resonance response of the AQZSO subjected to the vibrating base is analyzed, in which the dynamic stiffness is expressed as a fifth-order approximate polynomial through expanding Taylor series. The stability of the response is then found out via nonlinear Routh-Herwitz criterion. Moreover, because of existing the sliding friction between the cylinder and piston, the nonlinear and varying-time dynamic characteristics, the complex dynamic response of the AQZSO is the need for discovery by performing direct integration of the original dynamic equation through using 5th-order Runge-Kutta algorithm. In this work, the friction force model of cylinder will be identified through virtual prototyping technique and genetic algorithm. Additionally, the Poincáre map is also employed to analyze the bifurcation phenomenon, coexistence of multiple solutions. The traction basin of the period-1, period-2 and period-3 solution is determined, indicating that the attractor basin is influenced by the asymmetric of the stiffness curve. This research will offer a useful insight to design low frequency vibration isolation systems.
WITHDRAWN: Transgenic Canola Plants Expressing cry1Ia5 Gene Are Resistant to (Agrotis Ipsilon) Using Sonication Assisted Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation (SAAT) Technique
Authors: Khashaba Etr H.K. , Moghaieb Reda E. , Youssef Sawsan S. , Moraad Sayed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of this work was to transfer the cry1Ia5 gene into the genome of two commercial canola cultivars using Sonication assisted Agrobacterium mediated transformation system and to test its toxicity against A. ipsilon. The integration and expression of the cry1Ia5 gene into the plants genome was confirmed using PCR, Southern blot and Northern blot analyses. The insecticidal activity of transgenic plants against A. ipsilon was studied. The 2nd and 4th A. ipsilon larval instars were fed on leaves from five transgenic lines (L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5) for one week of T1 plants. Transgenic L5 was found to be more toxic to the 2nd larval instar causing 60% mortality on the 3rd day followed by 100% on the 4th day post feeding. While the other transgenic lines L2, L3, L4 caused 60, 20, 80% mortality respectively on the 6th day, whereas L1 did not show any observed toxicity to A. ipsilon. Digestive and detoxification enzyme activity were examined in the body of 2nd instar of A. ipsilon, fed on bt canola, showing significantly lower trypsin, protease, lipase, esterase and acetylcholinesterase activities and significantly increase Glutathione-S-transferase and Chitinase activities than non-bt fed larvae. Whilst the 4th larval instar fed on bt canola showed cannibalism as change in the behavior. The results of the study imply that transgenic canola lines obtained varying in toxicity against A. ipsilon which could be used to construct new canola cultivars resistant to A. ipsilon.
Metabolic-Related Index to Predict Post Transplantation Diabetes After Renal Transplantation
Authors: NI XIAOJIE , Li Yonglin , Huang Tingting , Zhou Yi , Chen Bicheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Early identification of post‑transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) can be helpful to attenuate the rapid development of diabetic complications. This article aims to explore the beneficial values of metabolic-related markers, including TyG, TyG-BMI, TG/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C, for predicting PTDM.Material and methods The data of 191 renal transplant recipients in our center were collected retrospectively. The association between the metabolic-related markers and the risk of PTDM was examined by the area under the curve and logistic regression analyses. Results During 6 months follow-up, 12.04% of RT recipients developed PTDM, and significantly higher values of TyG-BMI, TyG and non-HDL-C/HDL-C was found in patients with PTDM than in nondiabetic patients, especially among the recipients taking FK506. The incidence of PTDM increased along with the values of TyG or TyG-BMI. After adjusting for multiple potential factors, recipients with the highest trisector of TyG or TyG-BMI still had a higher risk of PTDM morbidity. Conclusions TyG, TyG-BMI, TG/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C can predict PTDM in renal transplant recipients, and TyG-BMI was the best alternative marker among the four markers. TyG and TyG-BMI can be used as cost-effective and complementary monitors to identify individuals at high risk of PTDM.
Ginsenoside Rg2 Attenuates Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis via PI3K/Akt Pathway
Authors: Qiu Boyong , Mao Meijiao , Zhang Shuai , Deng Bing , Shen Lin , Zhao Ping , Zhou Duan , Wei Yihong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an important drug for cancer therapy; however, its use is limited by its cardiotoxicity. Ginsenoside Rg2 is extracted from Panax ginseng, which is believed to have cardioprotective properties. However, to date, there have been no reports on whether ginsenoside Rg2 could protect cardiomyocytes against DOX. In this study, we investigated the action and underlying mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg2 upon DOX treatment. This study aimed to explore the cardioprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg2 against DOX treatment. Cell Counting kit-8 was used to determine cell viability and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining was used to detect apoptotic cells. Western blotting was used to investigate the relevant pathways. LY294002 (LY294), a PI3K inhibitor, was used in this study. We found that ginsenoside Rg2 significantly (P < 0.01) neutralized cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by DOX in a dose-dependent manner, which was blocked by LY294. Moreover, ginsenoside Rg2 upregulated Akt phosphorylation through the PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibited p53 expression. Taken together, Ginsenoside Rg2 attenuates DOX-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Fried Carbohydrate-rich Food as a Potential Source of Malondialdehyde and Acrylamide: a Consumption Pattern to Evaluate the Risk of Cancer in Population
Authors: Karimi Sheno , Goudarzi Farjam , Pourmehdi Mojtaba , Heydarpour Fatemeh , Mahaki Behzad , Nachvak Seyed Mostafa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Tah-Dig (A food rich in carbohydrate that is highly fried) is one of the most popular and tasty Persian food. However, toxic compounds such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and acrylamide are vastly formed in Tah-Dig. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cooking and consumption pattern, intake frequency, acrylamide and malondialdehyde content of Tah-Dig in Iranian population. Methods. The content of acrylamide consumption in population was measured by LC-MS/MS and the MDA in cooking oils used to prepare Tah-Dig was also quantified. Data mining was used to investigate the relationship between the influential factors and Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR). Results. The most consumed type of Tah-Dig among Iranians is Tah-Dig of bread. The highest amount of acrylamide consumed by population was found in potatoes Tah-Dig. The highest MDA content was detected in canola frying oil. Conclusions. Considering data mining analysis, it was shown that the most influential factors related to ILCR are a cumulative factors of Tah-Dig color, portion size, Tah-Dig type, oil type, and the level of education.
Different Sclerostin Response to Cycling and Running at the Same Exercise Intensity
Authors: Dror Nitsan , Carbone Joseph , Haddad Fadia , Falk Bareket , Klentrou Panagiota , Radom-Aizik Shlomit 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Recreational cycling is a popular activity which stimulates and improves cardiovascular fitness. The corresponding benefits for bone are unclear. This study examined the effect of running (high-impact) vs. cycling (low-impact), at the same moderate-to-vigorous exercise intensity, on markers of bone formation (N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen, PINP) and bone resorption (C-telopeptide of type I collagen, CTX-1), a non-collagenous bone remodeling marker (osteocalcin), as well as bone-modulating factors, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), irisin (myokine) and sclerostin (osteokine). Thirteen healthy men (23.7±1.0 y) performed two progressive exercise tests to exhaustion (peak VO2) on a cycle ergometer (CE) and on a treadmill (TM). On subsequent separate days, in randomized order, participants performed 30-min continuous running or cycling at 70% heart rate reserve (HRR). Blood was drawn before, immediately post- and 1h into recovery. PTH transiently increased (CE, 51.7%; TM, 50.6%) immediately after exercise in both exercise modes. Sclerostin levels increased following running only (27.7%). Irisin increased following both running and cycling. In both exercise-modes, CTX-1 decreased immediately after exercise, with no significant change in PINP and osteocalcin. At the same moderate-to-vigorous exercise intensity, running appears to result in a greater transient sclerostin response compared with cycling, while the responses of bone markers, PTH and irisin are similar. The longer-term implications of this differential bone response need to be further examined.
Second Surgery for Progressive Glioblastoma: A Multi-Centre Questionnaire and Cohort-Based Review of Clinical Decision-Making and Patient Outcomes in Current Practice
Authors: Brennan Paul , Borchert R , Coulter C , Critchley G , Hall B , Holliman D , Phang I , Jefferies S , Keni S , Lee L , Liaquat I , Marcus H , Thomson S , Thorne L , Vintu M , Wiggins A , Jenkinson M , Erridge S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeGlioblastoma prognosis is poor. Treatment options are limited at progression. Surgery may benefit, but no quality guidelines exist to inform patient selection. We sought to describe variations in surgical management at progression, highlight where further evidence is needed, and build towards a consensus strategy. MethodsCurrent practice in selection of patients with progressive GBM for second surgery was surveyed online amongst specialists in the UK and Europe. We complemented this with an assessment of practice in a retrospective cohort study from six United Kingdom neurosurgical units. We used descriptive statistics to analyse the data. Results234 questionnaire responses were received. Maintaining or improving patient quality of life was key to decision making, with variation as to whether patient age, performance status or intended extent of resection was relevant. MGMT methylation status was not important. Half considered no minimum time after first surgery. 288 patients were reported in the cohort analysis. Median time to second surgery from first surgery 390 days. Median overall survival 815 days, with no association between time to second surgery and time to death (p=0.874). ConclusionThis is the most wide-ranging examination of contemporaneous practice in management of GBM progression. Without evidence-based guidelines, the variation is unsurprising. We propose consensus guidelines for consideration, to reduce heterogeneity in decision making, support data collection and analysis of factors influencing outcomes, and to inform clinical trials to establish whether second surgery improves patient outcomes, or simply selects to patients already performing well.
Overexpression of HHLA2 is Markedly Associated with the Poor Prognosis in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Niu Yongzhi , Wang Wei , Jiang Xiaodan , Zhang Jisheng , Huang Yichuan , Yan Shu , Jiang Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2 (HHLA2) is a newly identified immune checkpoint molecule that was aberrantly expressed in many malignant tumors. However, its expression in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the HHLA2 expression in MTC tissues and to evaluate the relationships between its expression and clinicopathologic together with prognostic relevance. Using 51 surgical specimens obtained from MTC patients, the expression levels of the HHLA2 protein in MTC tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry, and its correlations with clinicopathologic and prognostic features were analyzed. Status of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was also investigated. The results showed that HHLA2 was only detected in tumor tissues, and that 31.4% of the MTC patients had high expression of HHLA2. High HHLA2 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and advanced AJCC stages (P=0.005). There existed an inverse trend between HHLA2 expression and CD8+ TILs infiltration in MTC tumor samples (P=0.042). The log-rank test showed a shorter disease-free survival in patients with high HHLA2 expression (P=0.002). The disease-free survival rates were also significantly low in cases of MTC with lymph node metastasis, AJCC stages III-IV and multifocality. Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed that HHLA2 acted as an independent predictive factor in the disease-free survival of MTC patients (HR=4.138, 95%CI: 1.027-16.667, P=0.046). Taken together, HHLA2 is highly expressed in MTC patients, and is a poor prognostic biomarker of disease-free survival of MTC patients.
A Genetic-Based Pairwise trip Planner Recommender System
Authors: Qomariyah Nunung Nurul , Kazakov Dimitar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The massive growth of internet users nowadays can be a big opportunity for the businesses to promote their services. This opportunity is not only for e-commerce, but also for other e-services, such as e-tourism. In this paper, we propose an approach of personalized recommender system with pairwise preference elicitation for the e-tourism domain area. We used a combination of Genetic Agorithm with pairwise user preference elicitation approach. The advantages of pairwise preference elicitation method, as opposed to the pointwise method, have been shown in many studies, including to reduce incosistency and confusion of a rating number. We also performed a user evaluation study by inviting 24 participants to examine the proposed system and publish the POIs dataset which contains 201 attractions used in this study.
A Novel Approach to Model Threshold Voltage and Subthreshold Current of Graded-Doped Junctionless-Gate-All-Around (GD-JL-GAA) MOSFETs
Authors: Gupta Vidyadhar , Awasthi Himanshi , Kumar Nitish , Pandey Amit Kumar , GUPTA ABHINAV 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This present article interprets the analytical models of central channel potential, the threshold voltage, and subthreshold current for Graded-Doped Junctionless-Gate-All-Around (GD-JL-GAA) MOSFETs. The parabolic approximation equation with appropriate boundary conditions has been adopted to solve the 2D Poisson’s equation for determining the central channel potential. The minimum channel potential is obtained by potential channel expression, and it is utilized to determine the threshold voltage and subthreshold current by using the Drift-Diffusion method. The behaviour of GD-JL-GAA MOSFETs has been examined by varying physical device parameters such as doping concentration (NDn), channel thickness (tsi), oxide thickness (tox), and channel length ratio (L1 : L2). The mathematical analysis shows that the nominal gate leakage current in GD-JL-GAA MOSFETs due to high graded abrupt junction inside the channel region. The analytical model results have been verified with simulation data extracted from a TCAD simulator.
Breeding Stage and Environmental Factors Affect Prey Selection by Greater Crested Terns Off Southeast Australia
Authors: Quiring Katrin , Carroll Gemma , Heymann Eckhard , Champion Curtis , Harcourt Robert 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Variation in the diet of marine predators such as seabirds can be used to track environmentally-driven changes in ocean ecosystems. However, studies of predator diet must account for intrinsic influences on prey selection, such as changing nutritional requirements during breeding. Using digital photography, we investigated how the type and size of prey brought back to the colony by greater crested terns (Thalasseus bergii) changed in relation to breeding stage, and to variation in oceanographic conditions around Montague Island, Australia (36°15’S, 150°13’E). 2469 prey items were identified to species or family level over 35 consecutive days of photo-sampling in 2018. Australian anchovy (Engraulis australis), a surface-schooling clupeid fish, was the most abundant prey returned to the colony during all breeding stages (84.5%). The proportion of anchovy increased from 77.0% when birds were provisioning their adult partners during incubation, to 92.4% when they were provisioning chicks, suggesting selective foraging behaviour on this energy-dense species as a means to facilitate rapid chick growth. Anchovy size was largest during incubation (91.1 ± 14.9 mm), smallest during early chick provisioning (71.8 ± 11.0 mm), and increased slightly during mid-provisioning (79.6 ± 11.9 mm), indicating adaptive prey selection that is matched to the physical requirements of different breeding stages. The proportion of anchovy prey was also influenced by extrinsic environmental factors, with anchovy becoming more dominant with increasing local sea surface temperatures, up to ~17.5°C. Our findings highlight the importance of examining both intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of diet composition across breeding stages in seabird populations.