bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“I have to do things differently now, but I make it work”—young childhood cancer survivors’ experiences of self-management in everyday living
Authors: Larsen Marie H. , Larsen Elna H. , Ruud Ellen , Mellblom Anneli , Helland Sunniva , Lie Hanne Cathrine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Living with late effects can affect young childhood cancer survivors’ (CCSs) self-management (SM) abilities. In this study, we explored different approaches to SM of everyday life by young CCS.

Methods
This is a sub-study of a larger study on Physical Activity among Childhood Cancer Survivors (the PACCS study). We conducted individual interviews with 22 CCS aged 9 to 18 years who were at least 1 year off-treatment. An hybrid inductive-decductive thematic analysis was used.

Results
Three main themes were identified: (1) managing everyday life with fatigue, (2) building self-management competence, and (3) cancer survivor as part of identity. Late effects, especially fatigue, contributed to a perceived ability gap compared to peers, limiting participation in everyday activities. CCS developed new SM skills to overcome such challenges and pushed themselves physically and mentally to master and balance activities and rest to regain energy. CCS changed activities, adapted their expectations, or legitimized their apparent lack of SM skills to regain a sense of self-efficacy. Managing the impact of cancer on relationships with family and friends also required use of SM strategies.

Conclusions
The findings expand our currently limited knowledge of young CCS and SM skills they develop to manage everyday life after treatment completion. These, combined with ongoing support from family and peers, “make it work”.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
The perspectives of young CCS illustrate their SM skills and support needs beyond transitioning off-treatment. Conceptualizing this within follow-up care may contribute to a feeling of mastery and increased satisfaction among CCS.
Adrenal Rests in the Uro-genital Tract of an Adult Population
Authors: Falco Enrico Costantino , Daniele Lorenzo , Metovic Jasna , Bollito Enrico , De Rosa Giovanni , Volante Marco , Papotti Mauro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEctopic adrenal rests are a rare condition which can be found in various sites, generally in the retroperitoneum or pelvis along the path of gonadal descent. Their real prevalence is unknown. Males are more commonly affected, at least in the pediatric age. Adrenal rests are usually clinically silent and incidentally found in surgical samples, mostly in the pediatric population, and rarely in adults. With the aim of increasing knowledge and estimating the prevalence of ectopic adrenocortical tissue in the adult population, 44 adrenal rests in the urogenital tract of 40 adults are described. These represent approximately 0.07% of the total number of urogenital and gynecological surgeries performed in the 22 considered years. Adrenal rests were identified in the spermatic cord (10 males) and in paraovarian, parasalpingeal, or infundibulopelvic ligament locations (30 females). All but one was incidental findings. One case regarded an adrenocortical carcinoma arisen in adrenal rests. A literature review of adrenal ectopia in the urogenital tract of adults identified 57 reported cases from 53 patients, with similar clinicopathological features as those of our series, with the exception of a lower incidence of parasalpingeal locations. Despite their limited clinical implications, awareness of ectopic adrenal rests is essential also in adults for at least two reasons: (a) to correctly identify sources of adrenocortical hormone production in case of adrenal insufficiency or hormonal imbalance and (b) to avoid misinterpretations in the diagnostic workup of renal cell carcinoma, adrenocortical tumors, and rare gonadal neoplasms, including Sertoli/Leydig cell tumors.
Making the most of expert knowledge to analyse archaeological data: a case study on Parthian and Sasanian glazed pottery
Authors: Wood Jonathan R. , Greenacre Michael 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChemical compositional data sets of archaeological artefacts are often analysed using standard statistical procedures. Adopting a different approach, we examine the major element oxides found in Parthian and Sasanian glazed pottery by identifying statistically important ratios of oxides in conjunction with the expert knowledge of the archaeological scientist during, rather than after, the identification process. This results in meaningful ratios, both statistically and archaeologically, which help identify the recipes and production practices used by Mesopotamian glass and glaze producers. The application of logratio analysis to interrogate the chronological groups suggests that the silica sources used for glazes were significantly purer in later periods and exhibited less variation. Comparing the expert-assisted selection of ratios derived from a legacy data set to the ratios from compositional data of Parthian glazed pottery recovered at the early 3rd century CE Roman military outpost of Ain Sinu in northern Iraq supports the hypothesis that there was a shift to more standardised recipes in the production of glass used for glazes. If this translates to a centralised glass-making industry, it would suggest that there are, as yet, undiscovered glass production centres, potentially in areas associated with increased urbanisation in southern Mesopotamia around the time of the Parthian–Sasanian transition.
Optimal patchings for consecutive ones matrices
Authors: Pfetsch Marc E. , Rinaldi Giovanni , Ventura Paolo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe study a variant of the weighted consecutive ones property problem. Here, a 0/1-matrix is given with a cost associated to each of its entries and one has to find a minimum cost set of zero entries to be turned to ones in order to make the matrix have the consecutive ones property for rows. We investigate polyhedral and combinatorial properties of the problem and we exploit them in a branch-and-cut algorithm. In particular, we devise preprocessing rules and investigate variants of “local cuts”. We test the resulting algorithm on a number of instances, and we report on these computational experiments.
VICTORIA: VIrtual neck Curve and True Ostium Reconstruction of Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Berg Philipp , Behrendt Benjamin , Voß Samuel , Beuing Oliver , Neyazi Belal , Sandalcioglu Ibrahim Erol , Preim Bernhard , Saalfeld Sylvia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
For the status evaluation of intracranial aneurysms (IAs), morphological and hemodynamic parameters can provide valuable information. For their extraction, a separation of the aneurysm sac from its parent vessel is required that yields the neck curve and the ostium. However, manual and subjective neck curve and ostium definitions might lead to inaccurate IA assessments.

Methods
The research project VICTORIA was initiated, allowing users to interactively define the neck curve of five segmented IA models using a web application. The submitted results were qualitatively and quantitatively compared to identify the minimum, median and maximum aneurysm surface area. Finally, image-based blood flow simulations were carried out to assess the effect of variable neck curve definitions on relevant flow- and shear-related parameters.

Results
In total, 55 participants (20 physicians) from 18 countries participated in VICTORIA. For relatively simple aneurysms, a good agreement with respect to the neck curve definition was found. However, differences among the participants increased with increasing complexity of the aneurysm. Furthermore, it was observed that the majority of participants excluded any small arteries occurring in the vicinity of an aneurysm. This can lead to non-negligible deviations among the flow- and shear-related parameters, which need to be carefully evaluated, if quantitative analysis is desired. Finally, no differences between participants with medical and non-medical background could be observed.

Conclusions
VICTORIAs findings reveal the complexity of aneurysm neck curve definition, especially for bifurcation aneurysms. Standardization appears to be mandatory for future sac-vessel-separations. For hemodynamic simulations a careful neck curve definition is crucial to avoid inaccuracies during the quantitative flow analysis.
α-C(sp3)-H Arylation of Cyclic Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Wang Mei , Wang Wei , Li Dashan , Wang Wen-Jing , Zhan Rui , Shao Li-Dong 
Published: June 2021

Abstractα-C(sp3)-H arylation is an important type of C-H functionalization. Various biologically significant natural products, chemical intermediates, and drugs have been effectively prepared via C-H functionalization. Cyclic carbonyl compounds comprise of cyclic ketones, enones, lactones, and lactams. The α-C(sp3)-H arylation of these compounds have been exhibited high efficiency in forming C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds, played a crucial role in organic synthesis, and attracted majority of interests from organic and medicinal communities. This review focused on the most significant advances including methods, mechanism, and applications in total synthesis of natural products in the field of α-C(sp3)-H arylations of cyclic carbonyl compounds in recent years.
Ambient fabrication of perovskite solar cells through delay-deposition technique
Authors: Fahsyar Puteri Nor Aznie , Ahmad Ludin Norasikin , Ramli Noor Fadhilah , Noh Mohamad Firdaus Mohamad , Yunus Rozan Mohamad , Sepeai Suhaila , Ibrahim Mohd Adib , Teridi Mohd Asri , Sopian Kamaruzzaman 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe establishment of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in terms of their power-conversion efficiency (PCE) over silicon-based solar cells is undeniable. The state-of-art of easy device fabrications of PSCs has enabled them to rapidly gain a place in third-generation photovoltaic technology. Numerous obstacles remain to be addressed in device efficiency and stability. Low performance owing to easily degraded surface and deterioration of perovskite film quality resulting from humidity are issues that often arise. This work explored a new approach to producing high-quality perovskite films prepared under high relative humidity (RH = 40%–50%). In particular, the ubiquitous 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBp) was introduced into lead iodide (PbI2) precursor as an additive, and the films were fabricated using a two-step deposition method followed by a delay-deposition technique of methylammonium iodide (MAI). High crystallinity and controlled nucleation of MAI were needed, and this approach revealed the significance of time control to ensure high-quality films with large grain size, high crystallography, wide coverage on substrate, and precise and evenly coupled MAI molecules to PbI2 films. Compared with the two-step method without time delay, a noticeable improvement in PCE from 3.2 to 8.3% was achieved for the sample prepared with 15 s time delay. This finding was primarily due to the significant enhancement in the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor of the device. This strategy can effectively improve the morphology and crystallinity of perovskite films, as well as reduce the recombination of photogenerated carriers and increase of current density of devices, thereby achieving improved photovoltaic performance.
Quantum-assisted associative adversarial network: applying quantum annealing in deep learning
Authors: Wilson Max , Vandal Thomas , Hogg Tad , Rieffel Eleanor G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGenerative models have the capacity to model and generate new examples from a dataset and have an increasingly diverse set of applications driven by commercial and academic interest. In this work, we present an algorithm for learning a latent variable generative model via generative adversarial learning where the canonical uniform noise input is replaced by samples from a graphical model. This graphical model is learned by a Boltzmann machine which learns low-dimensional feature representation of data extracted by the discriminator. A quantum processor can be used to sample from the model to train the Boltzmann machine. This novel hybrid quantum-classical algorithm joins a growing family of algorithms that use a quantum processor sampling subroutine in deep learning, and provides a scalable framework to test the advantages of quantum-assisted learning. For the latent space model, fully connected, symmetric bipartite and Chimera graph topologies are compared on a reduced stochastically binarized MNIST dataset, for both classical and quantum sampling methods. The quantum-assisted associative adversarial network successfully learns a generative model of the MNIST dataset for all topologies. Evaluated using the Fréchet inception distance and inception score, the quantum and classical versions of the algorithm are found to have equivalent performance for learning an implicit generative model of the MNIST dataset. Classical sampling is used to demonstrate the algorithm on the LSUN bedrooms dataset, indicating scalability to larger and color datasets. Though the quantum processor used here is a quantum annealer, the algorithm is general enough such that any quantum processor, such as gate model quantum computers, may be substituted as a sampler.
Study on the effects of the different polar group of EPA-enriched phospholipids on the proliferation and apoptosis in 95D cells
Authors: Guo Yao , Zhao Qin , Tian Yingying , Liu Yuanyuan , Yan Ziyi , Xue Changhu , Wang Jingfeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEPA-enriched phosphatidylcholine (EPA-PC) and EPA-enriched phosphatidylethanolamine (EPA-PE) are newly identified marine phospholipids. The polar group of phospholipids is known to influence EPA-phospholipid activity. However, the differences in anti-tumor effects between EPA-PC and EPA-PE have not been reported. In this study, we evaluated the effects of two forms of EPA on the proliferation and apoptosis in the lung-cancer cell line 95D as well as possible molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that EPA-PC effectively inhibited proliferative activity and promoted apoptosis of 95D cells in a dose-dependent manner, while EPA-PE had no effect on cell proliferation, although it slightly promoted apoptosis. Western blot results showed that EPA-PC and EPA-PE upregulated the expression of PPARγ, RXRα, and PTEN, and downregulated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, EPA-PC and EPA-PE induced the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene, Bax, and reduced the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-xl. Additionally, EPA-PC and EPA-PE promoted the release of cytochrome c and activated the apoptotic enzyme-cleaved caspase-3. These data suggest that the anti-tumor effect of EPA-phospholipids may be exerted via a PPARγ-related mechanism. EPA-PC was more efficacious as compared to EPA-PE, which might be due to the different polar groups of phospholipids.
Staying despite riverbank erosion: evidence of coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Mallick Afroza , Mallick Bishawjit 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRiverbank erosion often compels affected people to migrate from their respective communities. However, there are still many who do not leave the affected region. The research focuses on this particular group of non-migrant populations living in the erosion-prone Ramdaspur village of Bhola district in Bangladesh, to explore how erosion influences (non-)migration decision. We interviewed households from the study village. More than half the respondents reported that, even though they are continuously being hit by erosion, they are unwilling to move away because of the community support they receive from staying in the village. The rest of the respondents who choose to remain, do so because of financial reasons. Therefore, this study proposes a need for a holistic approach in future adaptation planning for the riverbank erosion-prone areas of Bangladesh to support the non-migrants in the communities.
Helping the Surgeon Recover: Peer-to-Peer Coaching after Bile Duct Injury
Authors: Zhu Alice , Deng Shirley , Greene Brittany , Tsang Melanie , Palter Vanessa N. , Jayaraman Shiva 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:
Bile duct injury sustained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and can be a devastating complication for a general surgeon. We introduce a novel, individualized surgical coaching program for surgeons who recently injured a bile duct in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We aim to explore the perception of coaching among these surgeons and to assess surgeons' experiences in the coaching program.

STUDY DESIGN:
Six general surgeons who injured a bile duct at an emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy participated in a 1-on-1 coaching session with a hepatopancreatobiliary surgeon. The session focused on debriefing the index case with video feedback, and discussion of strategies for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The pilot program ran from March to November 2020. Exit interviews were then conducted. Themes covering perception of surgical training, perception of complications, and experience in the coaching program were explored.

RESULTS:
Surgeons were generally accepting of the coaching program, especially when the goals aligned with their self-identified areas of development. One-on-1 sessions with a local expert in the area, and the use of video feedback created a unique and interactive coaching opportunity. Peer coaching was identified as a valuable resource in helping surgeons regain confidence and maintain well-being after a bile duct injury. Maintaining a collegial, nonjudgmental relationship is critical in establishing positive coaching experiences.

CONCLUSIONS:
An individualized surgical coaching program creates a unique opportunity for professional development and may help promote safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Surgeon Volume and Risk of Reoperation after Laparoscopic Primary Ventral Hernia Repair: A Nationwide Register-Based Study
Authors: Christophersen Camilla , Fonnes Siv , Baker Jason Joe , Andresen Kristoffer , Rosenberg Jacob 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:
Repairs of primary ventral hernias are common procedures but are associated with high recurrence rates. Therefore, it is important to investigate risk factors for recurrence to optimize current treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of annual surgeon volume on the risk of reoperation for recurrence after primary ventral hernia repair.

STUDY DESIGN:
We conducted a nationwide register-based study with data from the Danish Ventral Hernia Database and the Danish Patient Safety Authority's Online Register linked via surgeons’ authorization identification. We included patients 18 years and older, undergoing umbilical or epigastric hernia repair between 2011 and 2020. Annual surgeon volume was categorized into ≤ 9, 10 to 19, 20 to 29, and ≥ 30 cases. Patients were followed until reoperation, death, emigration, or end of the study period.

RESULTS:
We included 7,868 patients who underwent laparoscopic (n = 1,529 [19%]), open mesh (n = 4,138 [53%]), or open nonmesh (n = 2,201 [28%]) repair. There was an increased risk of reoperation after laparoscopic umbilical or epigastric hernia repair for surgeons with ≤ 9 (hazard ratio 6.57; p = 0.008), 10 to 19 (hazard ratio 6.58; p = 0.011), and 20 to 29 (hazard ratio 13.59; p = 0.001) compared with ≥ 30 cases/y. There were no differences in risk of reoperation after open mesh and open nonmesh repair in relation to annual surgeon volume.

CONCLUSIONS:
There was a significantly higher risk of reoperation after laparoscopic primary ventral hernia repair performed by lower-volume surgeons compared with high-volume surgeons. Additional research investigating how sufficient surgical training and supervision are ensured is indicated to reduce risk of reoperation after primary ventral hernia repair.
Genomic Sequencing and Insight into Clinical Heterogeneity and Prognostic Pathway Genes in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Kopetz Scott , Kwong Lawrence , Xiao Lianchun , Morris Jeffrey S. , Tran Cao Hop S. , Tzeng Ching-Wei D. , Chun Yun Shin , Lee Jeffrey E. , Vauthey Jean-Nicolas 
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:
An understanding of signaling pathways has not been fully incorporated into prognostication and therapeutic options. We evaluated the hypothesis that information about cancer-related signaling pathways can improve prognostic stratification and explain some of the clinical heterogeneity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

STUDY DESIGN:
We analyzed prognostic relevance of signaling pathways in patients undergoing resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) from 2004–2017, and clinical actionability of gene alterations in 7 signaling pathways: p53, Wnt, RTK-RAS, PI3K, TGFβ, Notch, and cell cycle. To assess the wide applicability, the results were validated in an external retrospective cohort including patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer.

RESULTS:
Of 579 patients, the numbers of patients with pathway alterations were as follows: p53, n = 420 (72.5%); Wnt, 340 (58.7%); RTK-RAS, 333 (57.5%); PI3K, 110 (19.0%); TGFβ, 65 (11.2%); Notch, 41 (7.1%); and cell cycle, 15 (2.6%). More than 80% of alterations in each pathway occurred in a single predominant gene TP53, APC, KRAS, PIK3CA, FBXW7, and RB1 in p53, Wnt, RTK-RAS, PI3K, Notch, and cell cycle pathways, respectively. Alterations of 4 pathways (p53, RTK-RAS, TGFβ, and Notch) and corresponding predominant genes (TP53, RAS/BRAF, SMAD4, and FBXW7) were significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS), and alterations of Wnt pathway (APC) were associated with better OS in the median follow-up duration of 3.8 years. Similarly, in the external cohort, alterations of p53 (TP53) and RTK-RAS (RAS/BRAF) were significantly associated with worse OS, whereas alteration of Wnt (APC) was associated with better OS in the median follow-up duration of 2.6 years.

CONCLUSIONS:
Genomic sequencing provides insights into clinical heterogeneity and permits finer prognostic stratification in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
A super-convergent thin-walled 3D beam element for analysis of laminated composite structures with arbitrary cross-section
Authors: Talele M. , van Tooren M. , Elham A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn efficient, fully coupled beam model is developed to analyse laminated composite thin-walled structures with arbitrary cross-sections. The Euler–Lagrangian equations are derived from the kinematic relationships for a One-Dimensional (1D) beam representing Three-Dimensional (3D) deformations that take into account the cross-sectional stiffness of the composite structure. The formulation of the cross-sectional stiffness includes all the deformation effects and related elastic couplings. To circumvent the problem of shear locking, exact solutions to the approximating Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are obtained symbolically instead of by numerical integration. The developed locking-free composite beam element results in an exact stiffness matrix and has super-convergent characteristics. The beam model is tested for different types of layup, and the results are validated by comparison with experimental results from literature.