bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The long exercise test as a functional marker of periodic paralysis
Authors: Ribeiro Ana , Suetterlin Karen J. , Skorupinska Iwona , Tan S. Veronica , Morrow Jasper M. , Matthews Emma , Hanna Michael G. , Fialho Doreen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of the long exercise test (LET) in the diagnosis of periodic paralysis (PP) and assess correlations with clinical phenotypes and genotypes.MethodsFrom an unselected cohort of 335 patients who had an LET we analyzed 67 patients with genetic confirmation of PP and/or a positive LET.Results32/45 patients with genetically confirmed PP had a significant decrement after exercise (sensitivity of 71%). Performing the short exercise test before the LET in the same hand confounded results in four patients. Sensitivity was highest in patients with frequent (daily or weekly) attacks (8/8, 100%), intermediate with up to monthly attacks (15/21, 71%) and lowest in those with rare attacks (9/16, 56%) (p = .035, Mann–Whitney U‐test). Patients with a positive LET without confirmed PP mutation comprised those with typical PP phenotype and a group with atypical features.DiscussionIn our cohort, the LET is strongly correlated with the frequency of paralytic attacks suggesting a role as a functional marker. A negative test in the context of frequent attacks makes a diagnosis of PP unlikely but it does not rule out the condition in less severely affected patients.
Association between antidepressant use in pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: Results from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
Authors: Lupattelli Angela , Barone‐Adesi Francesco , Nordeng Hedvig 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study sought to determine the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and antidepressant exposure during early‐mid pregnancy, overall and according to antidepressant affinity to the histamine‐1 (H1) receptor.MethodsData originate from the nation‐wide, Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study conducted in 1999–2008, linked to the national Medical Birth Registry. The study included 6647 pregnancies within women with depressive/anxiety disorders during and/or 6 months prior to pregnancy. Pregnancies exposed in early‐mid gestation to antidepressants having low (group 1, n = 814) or high (group 2, n = 77) affinity to the H1 receptor were compared to non‐medicated (n = 5756). We fit crude and weighted modified Poisson regression models using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).ResultsOverall, 84 (1.3%) of the pregnancies developed GDM. Relative to non‐medicated pregnancies, the risk of GDM was slightly lower in antidepressant group 1 exposed (1.3% vs 1.1%), but more elevated in those exposed to group 2 antidepressants (3.9%). In the weighted analysis, there was no evidence for an association between antidepressant group 1 exposure in early‐mid pregnancy and risk of GDM [relative risk (RR): 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.31–1.51].ConclusionsGestational use of antidepressants with low H1 receptor affinity, mainly SSRIs and SNRIs, does not pose a substantial risk of GDM in women with depressive/anxiety disorders in pregnancy, compared to no use.
Apixaban and rivaroxaban use for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity and BMI ≥50 kg/m2
Authors: O’Kane Cavan P. , Avalon Juan Carlo O. , Lacoste Jordan L. , Fang Wei , Bianco Christopher M. , Davisson Laura , Piechowski Kara L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundApixaban and rivaroxaban are increasingly used for thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and commonly in patients with obesity and body mass index (BMI) ≥50 kg/m2 despite the limited data.ObjectivesThis study aimed to establish the effectiveness and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban in patients with NVAF and BMI ≥50 kg/m2.MethodsA single health‐system, retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban initiated in adult patients (≥18 years of age) with BMI ≥50 kg/m2 and NVAF. Outcomes of ischemic stroke, systemic embolic events, and bleeding were compared to a cohort of patients with BMI 18 to 30 kg/m2.ResultsAfter 1619 patient‐years worth of follow‐up in 595 patients, the primary endpoint of incidence of ischemic stroke was numerically similar in both groups, 1.3 per 100 patient‐years in the BMI ≥50 kg/m2 group, compared to 2.0 per 100 patient‐years in the BMI <30 kg/m2 group (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.38–1.82, p = 0.544). Incidence of major bleeding and clinically relevant non‐major bleeding was also numerically similar between the two groups.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that apixaban and rivaroxaban in patients with a BMI ≥50 kg/m2 for treatment of NVAF may be safe and effective at preventing thromboembolic events and had no increased risk of bleeding. Although, findings should be interpreted with caution and confirmed with additional studies. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may be effective and safe to use for the treatment of NVAF in patients with BMI ≥50 kg/m2.
Overall and progression‐free survival of Afro‐Caribbean men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)
Authors: Vestris Pierre‐Gilles , Gourtaud Gilles , Senechal Cédric , Sadreux Yvanne , Roux Virginie , Blanchet Pascal , Brureau Laurent 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionSeveral studies in the Caucasian population have shown the benefit of using docetaxel, abiraterone, or enzalutamide for patients with metastatic prostate cancer at the castration‐resistant stage (mCRPC). However, there are no strong data for men of African ancestry. The objective of this study was to estimate the overall and progression‐free survival of patients according to these treatments at the mCRPC stage.Patients and MethodsThis was a monocentric retrospective study that consecutively included 211 men with mCRPC between June 1, 2009 and August 31, 2020. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). The secondary end point was progression‐free survival. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed.ResultsThe present study included 180 patients for analyses. There was no difference in OS (log‐rank test = 0.73), with a median follow‐up of 20.7 months, regardless of the treatment administered in the first line. Men with mCRPC who received hormonotherapy (abiraterone or enzalutamide) showed better progression‐free survival than those who received docetaxel (log‐rank test = 0.004), with a particular interest for abiraterone hazard ratio (HR) = 0.51 (95% confidence interval: 0.39–0.67). The patient characteristics were similar, except for bone lesions, irrespective of the treatment administered in the first line. After univariate then multivariate analysis, only World Health Organization status and metastases at diagnosis were significantly associated with progression.ConclusionOur results suggest the use of hormonotherapy (abiraterone or enzalutamide) with a tendency for abiraterone in first line for men with African ancestry at the mCRPC stage.
The N‐glycosylation‐related genes as potential targets for RNAi‐mediated pest control of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata)
Authors: Liu Dongdong , De Schutter Kristof , Chen Pengyu , Smagghe Guy 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDN‐glycosylation is one of the most common and important post‐translational modifications in the eukaryotic cell. The study of protein N‐glycosylation in several model insects confirmed the importance of this process in insect development, immunity, survival and fertility. The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) (CPB) is a common pest of Solanaceae crops. With the infamous title of champion of insecticide resistance, novel pest control strategies for this insect are needed. Luckily this pest insect is reported as very sensitive for the post‐genomic technology of RNA interference (RNAi).RESULTSIn this project, we investigated the importance of N‐glycosylation in the survival and development of CPB using RNAi‐mediated gene silencing of N‐glycosylation‐related genes (NGRGs) during the different transition steps from the larva, through the pupa to the adult stage. High mortality was observed in the larval stage with the silencing of early NGRGs, as STT3a, DAD1 and GCS1. With dsRNA against middle NGRGs, abnormal phenotypes at the ecdysis process and adult formation were observed, while the silencing of late NGRGs did not cause mortality.CONCLUSIONThe lethal phenotypes observed on silencing of the genes involved in the early processing steps of the N‐glycosylation pathway suggest these genes are good candidates for RNAi‐mediated control of CPB. Next to the gene‐specific mechanism of RNAi for biosafety and possible implementation in integrated pest management, we believe these early NGRGs provide a possible alternative to the well‐known target genes Snf7 and vacuolar ATPases that are now used in the first commercial RNAi‐based products and thus they may be useful in the context of proactive resistance management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Phytosanitary irradiation using X‐rays prevents reproduction in the semi‐slug Parmarion martensi (Stylommatophora: Ariophantidae), a host of the human pathogenic nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Rhabditida: Angiostrongylidae)
Authors: Follett Peter , Hamilton Lindsey , Tagami Yaeko , Kaluna Lisa , Jarvi Susan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhytosanitary irradiation is used to control insect pests of quarantine concern on exported fresh horticultural products. Generic irradiation doses of 150 and 400 Gy are approved for tephritid fruit flies and all other insects, respectively. Other invertebrates such as gastropods (snails and slugs) may be classified as quarantine pests and require a disinfestation treatment. Parmarion martensi Simroth (Stylommatophora: Ariophantidae) is a semi‐slug quarantine pest sometimes found on fresh sweet potatoes and other fruits and vegetables exported from Hawai'i to the continental USA. Also, P. martensi is a host of the parasitic nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Rhabditida: Angiostrongylidae), the causative agent of neuroangiostrongyliasis or rat lungworm disease in humans. We conducted a study to determine if phytosanitary irradiation could control P. martensi and thereby reduce the risk of transmitting A. cantonensis in the USA.RESULTSTwo‐, 12‐, and 21‐week‐old P. martensi were treated with X‐ray radiation at a dose of 150 or 400 Gy or left untreated as controls then held in the laboratory for up to 250 days. Survivorship and reproduction were recorded every 2–3 days and individual weights were measured biweekly. Irradiation at 150 and 400 Gy reduced growth and increased the mortality rate compared to untreated controls and prevented reproduction.CONCLUSIONPhytosanitary irradiation treatment at doses ≥150 Gy will prevent the establishment of viable populations of P. martensi. The literature on radiation tolerance in gastropods suggests that the internationally approved generic dose for tephritid fruit flies of 150 Gy may be effective against many slug and snail pest species.
Flat deformations of type IIB S-folds
Authors: Guarino Adolfo , Sterckx Colin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Type IIB S-folds of the form AdS4× S1× S5 have been shown to contain axion-like deformations parameterising flat directions in the 4D scalar potential and corresponding to marginal deformations of the dual S-fold CFT’s. In this note we present a group-theoretical characterisation of such flat deformations and provide a 5D interpretation thereof in terms of $$ \mathfrak{s}(6) $$
s

6

-valued duality twists inducing a class of Cremmer-Scherk-Schwarz flat gaugings in a reduction from 5D to 4D. In this manner we establish the existence of two flat deformations for the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 and SO(4) symmetric S-fold causing a symmetry breaking down to its U(1)2 Cartan subgroup. The result is a new two-parameter family of non-supersymmetric S-folds which are perturbatively stable at the lower-dimensional supergravity level, thus providing the first examples of such type IIB backgrounds.
Tumortherapieassoziierte neurologische Symptome
Authors: Renovanz Mirjam , Rieger Johannes , Tabatabai Ghazaleh 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie onkologische Behandlung ist biomarkerbasierter, molekular maßgeschneiderter und effektiver geworden. Aufbauend auf der zunehmenden Entschlüsselung zellbiologischer und molekularer Mechanismen steigt auch die Zahl zielgerichteter medikamentöser Therapien. Es steigt zudem die Zahl der Langzeitüberlebenden. Eine neuro(onko)logische Betreuung wird immer wichtiger, nicht nur wegen vermehrter direkter tumorbedingter Symptome – wie etwa der höheren Inzidenz einer Metastasierung in das Zentralnervensystem –, sondern weil im Zuge dieser modernen onkologischen systemischen Therapieformen ein breites Spektrum therapieassoziierter neurologischer Symptome auftritt, die einer sorgfältigen und raschen neurologischen/neuroonkologischen Evaluation und Therapiekonzeption bedürfen. Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, das Bewusstsein für die häufigsten therapieassoziierten neurologischen Symptome zu schärfen.
Imaging seismic wave-fields with AlpArray and neighboring European networks
Authors: Tesch M. , Stampa J. , Meier T. , Kissling E. , Hetényi G. , Friederich W. , Weber M. , Heit B. ,   The AlpArray Working Group
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe AlpArray experiment and the deployment of Swath-D together with the dense permanent network in Italy allow for detailed imaging of the spatio-temporal imaging complexity of seismic wave-fields within the greater Alpine region. The distance of any point within the area to the nearest station is less than 30 km, resulting in an average inter-station distance of about 45 km. With a much denser deployment in a smaller region of the Alps (320 km in length and 140 km wide), the Swath-D network possesses an average inter-station distance of about 15 km. We show that seismogram sections with a spatial sampling of less than 5 km can be obtained using recordings of these regional arrays for just a single event. Multiply reflected body waves can be observed for up to 2 h after source time. In addition, we provide and describe animations of long-period seismic wave-fields using recordings of about 1300–1600 broadband stations for six representative earthquakes. These illustrate the considerable spatio-temporal variability of the wave-field’s properties at a high lateral resolution. Within denser station distributions like those provided by Swath-D, even shorter period body and surface wave features can be recovered. The decrease of the horizontal wavelength from to to surface waves, deviations from spherically symmetric wavefronts, and the capability to detect multi-orbit arrivals are demonstrated qualitatively by the presented wave-field animations, which are a valuable tool for educational, quality control, and research purposes. We note that the information content of the acquired datasets can only be adequately explored by application of appropriate quantitative methods accounting for the considerable complexity of the seismic wave-fields as revealed by the now available station configuration.
Establishment and validation of a nomogram and web calculator for the risk of new vertebral compression fractures and cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Li Wenle , Wang Haosheng , Dong Shengtao , Tang Zhi-Ri , Chen Longhao , Cai Xintian , Hu Zhaohui , Yin Chengliang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this work was to investigate the risk factors for cement leakage and new-onset OVCF after Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and to develop and validate a clinical prediction model (Nomogram).

Methods
Patients with Osteoporotic VCF (OVCF) treated with PVP at Liuzhou People’s Hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were reviewed and met the inclusion criteria. Relevant data affecting bone cement leakage and new onset of OVCF were collected. Predictors were screened using univariate and multi-factor logistic analysis to construct Nomogram and web calculators. The consistency of the prediction models was assessed using calibration plots, and their predictive power was assessed by tenfold cross-validation. Clinical value was assessed using Decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact plots.

Results
Higher BMI was associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD). Higher BMI, lower BMD, multiple vertebral fractures, no previous anti-osteoporosis treatment, and steroid use were independent risk factors for new vertebral fractures. Cement injection volume, time to surgery, and multiple vertebral fractures were risk factors for cement leakage after PVP. The development and validation of the Nomogram also demonstrated the predictive ability and clinical value of the model.

Conclusions
The established Nomogram and web calculator (https://dr-lee.shinyapps.io/RefractureApp/) (https://dr-lee.shinyapps.io/LeakageApp/) can effectively predict the occurrence of cement leakage and new OVCF after PVP.
Microparticle-tagged image-based cell counting (ImmunoSpin) for CD4 + T cells
Authors: Hwang Sang-Hyun , Yang John Jeongseok , Oh Yoon-Hee , Ko Dae-Hyun , Sung Heungsup , Cho Young-Uk , Jang Seongsoo , Park Chan-Jeoung , Oh Heung-Bum 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAffordable point-of-care (POC) CD4 + T lymphocyte counting techniques have been developed as alternatives to flow cytometry-based instruments caring for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. However, POC CD4 enumeration technologies can be inaccurate. Here, we developed a microparticle-based visual detector of CD4 + T lymphocytes (ImmunoSpin) using microparticles conjugated with anti-CD4 antibodies, independent of microfluidic or fluorescence detection systems. Visual enumeration of CD4 + T cells under conventional light microscope was accurate compared to flow cytometry. Microparticle-tagged CD4 + T cells were well-recognized under a light microscope. ImmunoSpin showed very good precision (coefficients of variation of ImmunoSpin were ≤ 10%) and high correlation with clinical-grade flow cytometry for the enumeration of CD4 + T cells (y = 0.4232 + 0.9485 × for the %CD4 + T cell count,R2 = 0.99). At thresholds of 200 and 350 cells/µL, there was no misclassification of the ImmunoSpin system compared to the reference flow cytometry. ImmunoSpin showed clear differential classification of CD4 + T lymphocytes from granulocytes and monocytes. Because non-fluorescence microparticle-tags and cytospin slides are used in ImmunoSpin, they can be applied to an automatic digital image analyzer. Slide preparation allows long-term storage, no analysis time limitations, and image transfer in remote areas.Graphical abstract
Gezielte Variation des Beanspruchungskollektivs zur Verbesserung des Einlaufverhaltens im Trockenlauf
Authors: Klotz Thomas , Bause Katharina , Ott Sascha , Albers Albert 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungPräzise steuer- und regelbaren Kupplungen wird eine Schlüsselrolle in der Transformation der Automobilwirtschaft zugesprochen. Als Grundlage der präzisen Übertragung des Drehmoments sind zuverlässig gleichbleibende Reibeigenschaften der in der Kupplung verbauten Friktionspaarungen von großem Vorteil. Diese Reibeigenschaften können sich jedoch unter entsprechenden Randbedingungen, wie beispielsweise während des Einlaufs, bei erhöhten Temperaturen und bei stark erhöhten Beanspruchungen, äußerst volatil verhalten. Dieses Verhalten kann durch die Auswahl der Friktionswerkstoffe verbessert werden. Jüngste Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass das Erholungsverhalten nach einer Schädigung durch zum Beispiel eine Notfallbremsung ebenso wie durch das Beanspruchungskollektiv beeinflusst wird und durch dessen Variation nachweislich verbessert werden kann. Es bleibt zu zeigen, inwiefern die Variation des Beanspruchungskollektiv auch in anderen Situationen dazu beitragen kann, die gewünschten Reibeigenschaften zu erreichen.Diese Studie dient dazu, dieses Potenzial anhand des Einlaufverhaltens trockenlaufender Friktionspaarungen mit organischen Reibbelägen aufzuzeigen. Um Beanspruchungskollektive abzuleiten, welche den Einlauf verkürzen, werden Erklärungsmodelle sowie Methoden, Ergebnisse und Erkenntnisse aus vorangegangenen Forschungsarbeiten genutzt. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass eine Verkürzung des Einlaufs und eine Stabilisierung der Reibeigenschaften durch diese veränderten Beanspruchungskollektive erzielt werden können. Folglich ist es denkbar, in zukünftigen Anwendungen die Reibeigenschaften zu überwachen und bei Bedarf durch die Variation des Beanspruchungskollektiv gezielt zu regeln.
Overlooked evidence for semantic compositionality and signal reduction in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Gabrić Petar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRecent discoveries of semantic compositionality in Japanese tits have enlivened the discussions on the presence of this phenomenon in wild animal communication. Data on semantic compositionality in wild apes are lacking, even though language experiments with captive apes have demonstrated they are capable of semantic compositionality. In this paper, I revisit the study by Boesch (Hum. Evol. 6:81–89, 1991) who investigated drumming sequences by an alpha male in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) community in the Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire. A reanalysis of the data reveals that the alpha male produced semantically compositional combined messages of travel direction change and resting period initiation. Unlike the Japanese tits, the elements of the compositional expression were not simply juxtaposed but displayed structural reduction, while one of the two elements in the expression coded the meanings of both elements. These processes show relative resemblance to blending and fusion in human languages. Also unlike the tits, the elements of the compositional expression did not have a fixed order, although there was a fixed distribution of drumming events across the trees used for drumming. Because the elements of the expression appear to carry verb-like meanings, the compositional expression also resembles simple verb-verb constructions and short paratactic combinations of two clauses found across languages. In conclusion, the reanalysis suggests that semantic compositionality and phenomena resembling paratactic combinations of two clauses might have been present in the communication of the last common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans, not necessarily in the vocal modality.