bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jumping Through Hoops, Walking on Egg Shells: The Experiences of Nursing Students With Disabilities
Authors: Maheady Donna Carol 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study describes the experiences of nursing students with disabilities through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The sample included 10 current students and graduate nurses with physical or auditory impairments and 61 nursing faculty members, staff members, patients, and fellow students. The Colaizzi method of data analysis was modified to include additional information from interviews, observations, and documents. The findings reveal important concerns related to potentially unsafe nursing practices. The findings should assist nursing faculty with admission and retention decisions and development of reasonable accommodations. Recommendations for nursing programs to develop enforceable guidelines for admission are included.
Faculty and Student Cross-Cultural Learning Through Teaching Health Promotion in the Community
Authors: Moch Susan Diemert , Long Geraldine L , Jones Josette Wouters , Shadick Kathleen , Solheim Karen 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Cross-cultural learning for nursing students and faculty increased through a collaborative venture of teaching health promotion classes in a Hmong community. Through the learning process, nursing students and faculty learned about Hmong culture, and Hmong participante learned about health. The purpose of this article is to describe the process and evaluation of health promotion classes in a Hmong community.
Baccalaureate Nursing Faculty Performance of Nursing Computer Literacy Skills and Curriculum Integration of These Skills Through Teaching Practice
Authors: Austin Sandra I 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes a cross-sectional survey research study designed to collect data from nurse educators regarding their self-reported competence in the performance of 60 nursing computer literacy skills, as well as self-reported levels of integration of these skills, through teaching practice, into the curricula of their respective baccalaureate nursing programs. Data were received from 184 respondents representing 18 publicly funded, National League for Nursing-accredited, college and university generic baccalaureate degree programs in the New England region of the United States. Study findings revealed that 21 of the 60 skills were being performed "well" or "very well" as reported by 50% or more of respondents, while in the area of curriculum integration through teaching practice, only 3 of the 60 skills were being integrated into teaching practice either "moderately" or "extensively" as reported by 50% or more of respondents. Another major finding of this research study strongly suggested that faculty who have the ability to perform requisite nursing computer literacy skills comfortably are more likely to integrate these skills into the curriculum through their teaching practices (r = .76; p < .01). This article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the study findings for nursing education.
Beyond Correspondence, Video Conferencing, and Voice Mail: Internet-Based Master's Degree Courses in Nursing
Authors: Wambach Karen , Boyle Diane , Hagemaster Julia , Teel Cynthia , Langner Barbara , Fazzone Patricia , Connors Helen , Smith Carol , Forbes Sarah 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The changing health care system and increasing demands for primary care providers have prompted an increase in nurse practitioner programs in the United States. Nurses in rural areas that are underserved by primary care practitioners often are faced with time and distance barriers to returning to school for advanced education. This article describes Internet-based courses as a unique distance learning platform for preparing primary care nurse practitioners at the University of Kansas (KU) School of Nursing. Discussion includes course development process, matching methods to course content, and other information on promoting interaction between students and faculty.
The Effects of Computer-Assisted Instruction on the Self-Efficacy of Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Madorin Sandra , Iwasiw Carroll 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
As computer-assisted instruction (CAI) use has increased during the past few years, nurse educators have expressed concern regarding its effectiveness. The purpose of this quasiexperimental study was to determine if completion of a computerized simulation about a surgical patient increased baccalaureate nursing students' self-efficacy about caring for surgical patients in the clinical environment. Such an association is desirable because increased levels of self-efficacy have been associated with increased motivation, goal-setting, and achievement. A nonprobability, convenience sample (N = 23) of second-year baccalaureate nursing students was assigned randomly to experimental and control groups. The self-efficacy of the experimental group was measured three times: on an initial pretest; following the intervention of a computer simulation; and after an 8-week clinical rotation. The self-efficacy of the control group was measured on an initial pretest and after the 8-week rotation. Higher preclinical self-efficacy scores (p < .01) of the experimental group support the use of CAI as an important aspect of clinical education. Implications for nursing education, practice, and research are addressed.
Entry-Level Competencies Needed by BSNs in Acute Health Care Agencies in Tennessee in the Next 10 Years
Authors: King Marjorie S , Smith Patricia L , Glenn L Lee 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study focused on the identification of entry-level competencies needed by bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) graduates who will begin working in acute health care agencies in Tennessee within 10 years. The purpose of this study was to increase awareness of the competencies needed by graduates of BSN programs in Tennessee to meet the demands of acute health care agencies, considering current and anticipated changes in the health care delivery system. The opinions of nurse educators, nurse administrators, recent BSN graduates, and experienced BSN graduates were solicited to assess congruency of perceptions. This study found there was a statistically significant difference in the perceptions of nurses in acute health care agencies and faculty in BSN programs about the importance of entry-level competencies needed by BSN graduates.
New Approach for Teaching Health Promotion in the Community: Integration of Three Nursing Courses
Authors: Moshe-Eilon Yael , Shemy Galia 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The complexity of the health care system and its interdisciplinary nature require that each component of the system redefine its professional framework, relative advantage, and unique contribution as an independent discipline. In choosing the most efficient and cost-effective workforce, each profession in the health care system must clarify its importance and contribution, otherwise functions will overlap and financial resources will be wasted. As rapid and wide-ranging changes occur in the health care system, the nursing profession must display a new and comprehensive vision that projects its values, beliefs, and relationships with and commitment to both patients and coworkers. The plans to fulfill this vision must be described clearly.
This article presents part of a new professional paradigm developed by the nursing department of the University of Haifa, Israel. Three main topics are addressed:
* The building blocks of the new vision (i.e., community and health promotion, managerial skills, academic research).
* Integration of the building blocks into the 4-year baccalaureate degree program (i.e., how to practice health promotion with students in the community setting; managerial nursing skills at the baccalaureate level, including which to choose and to what depth and how to teach them; and academic nursing research, including the best way to teach basic research skills and implement them via a community project).
* Two senior student projects, demonstrating practical linking of the building blocks.
Diffuse Infiltrating Retinoblastoma Associated With Persistent Primary Vitreous
Authors: Liang James C , Augsburger James J , Shields Jerry A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A two-and-a-half-year-old male child presented with unilateral leukocoria. Clinical examination disclosed what was believed to be a mild form of persistent hyperplastic vitreous associated with total retinal detachment and exophytic retinoblastoma. The enucleated eye contained diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma with tumor cells involving a stalk of persistent primary vitreous without hyperplasia.
Medical Management of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Paul T Otis 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Fifty-five infants were diagnosed to have nasolacrimal duct obstruction by an ophthalmologist prior to three months of age. All were followed prospectively, primarily with medical management. Seven were treated surgically. In the 55 infants, there were 62 obstructed nasolacrimal ducts. Eighty-nine percent (55/62) of the nasolacrimal ducts were opened with medical management only in the first sixteen months of life. Of the nasolacrimal ducts that opened spontaneously, 15% (8/55) were open at three months, 45% (25/55) were open at six months, 71% (39/55) were open at nine months, and 93% (51/55) were open at one year. Based on this data one can advise the parents of infants with nasolacrimal duction what the odds of remission are without surgery by the twelfth month of age. Of the infants obstructed at three months of age, 80% were clear by the twelfth month. Of the infants obstructed at six months, 70% were clear by the twelfth month and of those still obstructed at nine months, 52% were clear by the twelfth month.
Hard Contact Lenses in the Management of Congenital Cataracts
Authors: Pratt-Johnson J A , Tillson G 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper describes our experience with 54 eyes which were optically corrected with polymethylmethacrylate hard contact lenses following the removal, in infancy, of a congenital cataract. The lenses were tolerated well, few alterations were required and the majority of patients did not lose more than one lens a year. Our results show that it is possible to obtain visual acuity of 20/25, in unilateral congenital cataract cases.
Acquired Retraction Syndrome Associated With Orbital Metastasis
Authors: Kivlin Jane D , Lundergan Maureen K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A patient with metastatic disease of the lateral orbit developed an acquired motility defect similar to Duane's retraction syndrome. An acquired retraction syndrome, unlike the congenital form, is due either to mechanical defects of the orbit and eye or to neurologic disease. The direction of gaze in which the retraction occurs is the clinical clue to the location of the restricting element in the mechanically caused cases.
Congenital Unilateral Orbital Fibrosis With Suspected Prenatal Orbital Penetration
Authors: Effron Lorri , Price Ronald L , Berlin A Jan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles includes various abnormalities ranging from isolated fibrosis of a single muscle to bilateral involvement of all extraocular muscles. Congenital unilateral orbital fibrosis is a specific fibrosis syndrome with only five cases previously reported. Although these reports postulated that a prenatal orbital inflammatory process caused the fibrosis, no etiology was proposed, nor was a mechanism suggested for entrance of the inflammation into the orbit.
We discuss three additional cases in which evidence suggested prenatal orbital penetration. In one, a dense scar was found at birth from the skin of the upper lid to beyond the trochlea. The second had a dense fibrous tract extending from the upper lid skin to the trochlea and beyond into the orbit without a skin scar. These lesions could have been inflicted by the fetuses' own fingers or toes or, in the second case, by the twin fetus. The third had a benign mesenchymoma of the nasopharynx and skull that had eroded the medial orbital wall, which was seen on computed tomography scan but not on routine x-rays.
The nature of the inflammatory substance is unknown. There was no other evidence of inflammation or infection in the eight reported cases. Possibly amniotic fluid itself, entering the orbit "late" in gestation, might cause this inflammation.
We recommend that all children with congenital unilateral orbital fibrosis be examined specifically for defects in the orbit, and that computed tomography be employed rather than plain x-rays.
Unilateral Traumatic Aphakia in Children: Role of Corneal Contact Lenses
Authors: Jain I S , Mohan Kanwar , Gupta Amod 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Twenty-eight children below ten years of age with unilateral traumatic aphakia were fitted with hard corneal contact lenses. Visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in 68% of the cases. Patients who were above seven years of age at the time of injury, and those fitted with contact lenses within eight months of trauma, were found to have better chances of recovering normal binocular functions.
Ocular Perforation and Phthisis Bulbi Secondary to Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Apple David J , Jones Gary R , Reidy James J , Loftfield Katherine 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present our ocular clinicopathologic findings of a child who suffered bilateral perforation of the globe during medial rectus recession bilaterally for congenital esotropia. The right eye progressed to a painful phthisis bulbi and subsequently required enucleation. Penetration or perforation of the sclera during extraocular muscle surgery is not rare; however, serious sequelae such as visual loss or loss of the eye are unusual. Such complications can be avoided if the surgeon is aware of the causes, as well as the dangers, of such perforation, and, in particular, if modern spatula-type needles are used.
Studies of Strabismus and Amblyopia in Infant Monkeys
Authors: Boothe Ronald G , Kiorpes Lynne , Carlson Melvin R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Longitudinal studies of grating acuity have been conducted with strabismic infant monkeys. Representative data from several different monkey models of strabismus are presented. Acuity in the fixating eyes of these monkeys developed to adult levels similarly to acuity development in normal infant monkeys. Acuity in the non-fixating eyes often lagged behind, and in some cases never reached normal levels, resulting in a permanent amblyopia.
Retinoblastoma: Survival, Age at Detection and Comparison 1914-1958, 1958-1983
Authors: Abramson David H , Ellsworth Robert M , Grumbach Nicholas , Kitchin F David 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A retrospective analysis of the records of 1531 retinoblastoma patients (809 male, 720 female, sex of two not known) was carried out to ascertain life table survivals. Of patients seen between 1914 and 1983 survival from metastatic retinoblastoma was the same for unilateral and bilateral patients. Metastatic retinoblastoma occurred within four years from diagnosis of the unilaterally affected patients and within nine years from diagnosis of the bilaterally affected patients. Survival thereafter remained at 76%. Because of the development of second non-ocular tumors in survivors of bilateral retinoblastoma there was a dramatic difference between survival of the patient with unilateral and bilateral disease. Within five years after diagnosis of bilateral retinoblastoma more children die from their second tumor than retinoblastoma itself. By 25 years after diagnosis more than 50% of the bilaterally affected children are dead and by 35 year?, 59% are dead.
There was no difference between survival of boys and girls. Although bilateral patients were seen at significantly lower ages at diagnosis, they did not have a lower mortality rate from metastatic retinoblastoma. Despite the fact that bilaterally affected children with a family history were diagnosed at a younger age than those without a family history (11 vs. 15 mos.) mortality from metastatic retinoblastoma was the same. Similarly, even though unilateral patients with a family history were diagnosed younger than those without a family history (5 vs. 25 mos.) mortality from metastatic retinoblastoma was the same. There has been little change in the age at detection for retinoblastoma in the pre- versus post-1958 series and no change in survival rate for bilateral or unilateral patients. We propose that there may be a "biological window," i.e., a range of ages where lowering the age of detection is not associated with a lowering of survival and that this window extends from the first few months of life into the second year of life.
Congenital Nystagmus in Identical Twins: Discordant Features
Authors: Spooner Sharon Nau , Bateman J Bronwyn , Yee Robert D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Identical twins with congenital nystagmus were examined and studied with eye movement recordings and videotaping. The nystagmus differed in its location of the null zone, its frequency and amplitude, the degree of persistence in the dark, and the degree of impairment of pursuit and optokinetic nystagmus. As the two boys have the identical genetic constitution, we postulate that the discordant features of the nystagmus represent variable expressivity or, alternatively, the influence of environmental factors.
Periocular Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
Authors: Margo Curtis E , Rabinowicz I Matthew , Habal Mutaz B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Large congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) are cutaneous malformations of neural crest origin that have a notorious reputation because of their reported propensity to undergo malignant degeneration. Traditionally, complete surgical excision has been advocated based on the premise that large CMN are a precursor to melanoma. Two cases of large periocular CMN are reported to emphasize the importance of distinguishing them from other congenital skin lesions. Data from the literature support the contention that these pigmented skin lesions spawn malignancies and that prophylactic therapy may be indicated.
Clinical Assessment of Visual Function in the Young Child: A Prospective Study of Binocular Vision
Authors: Rogers G L , Bremer D L , Leguire L E , Fellows R R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Binocular vision was evaluated in 12 children with infantile esotropia before and after corrective surgery. Stereopsis was measured by the eye movement/global stereopsis method. Also in a subgroup of four infants, binocular and monocular pattern VERs were recorded to evaluate binocular summation. Results revealed 50% of the infantile esotropia children who had corrective surgery before one year of life developed gross stereopsis two weeks following surgery. In addition, of four infants who showed no evidence of stereopsis, 50% showed some degree of binocular summation following surgery. The importance of prospective studies of binocular vision in infantile esotropia is discussed within the context of new tests that can be used to objectively assess binocularity in the preverbal child.
Preferential Looking as a Guide for Amblyopia Therapy in Monocular Infantile Cataracts
Authors: Catalano Robert A , Simon John W , Jenkins Paul L , Kandel Gillray L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Despite recent advances in surgical technique and refractive correction, amblyopia remains a significant problem in the treatment of monocular infantile cataracts. Amblyopia therapy recommended by different authors during the preverbal period has varied from no patching to nearly full-time occlusion of the phakic eye.
We measured preferential looking (PL) acuities sequentially in four infants following monocular cataract surgery and contact lens correction. This information was used to adjust occlusion of the phakic eye, which was prescribed 25%-100% of waking hours. Patching schedules were altered, on average, every three to four months in response to changes in PL acuities. Four increases in patching intensity retarded acuity development in the phakic and benefited development in the aphakic eyes. Nine decreases enhanced progress or yielded no change in the phakic and, with two exceptions, impeded progress in the aphakic eyes. Recognition acuities now available for two of the children show continuity with previous PL acuities and confirm useful vision in the aphakic eyes.
We describe guidelines for adjusting occlusion based on our experience. We believe that PL modulation of patching therapy may result in more favorable visual outcomes for both eyes of infants with monocular cataracts.
Collagen Maturation Defects in Ehlers-Danlos Keratopathy
Authors: May Maureen A , Beauchamp George R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is one of many inherited abnormalities of connective tissue, specifically collagen. A 16year-old Caucasian female with Type VI Ehlers-Danlos syndrome had five unusual corneal findings, four of which have not been reported in association with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: micro-cornea (previously reported), cornea plana, keratoconus posticus, stromal haze at the level of Bowman's layer and a peripheral ring opacity suggestive of anterior embryotoxon. Type VI Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is associated with deficient activity of lysyl hydroxylase which ultimately is responsible for cross-Unking collagen chains, the source of its tensile strength. Genetic regulation of procollagen formation is believed to be mediated by mRNA. Aggregation and maturation in the extracellular matrix is probably influenced and mediated by its evolving biochemical environment, particularly by complex carbohydrate moieties. An understanding of collagen maturation, and the pathophysiologic and biophysical consequences of abnormalities at this level of biochemical organization, permits more specific understanding of ocular dysmorphology and collagen diseases.
Detection of Amblyopia With P-VEP During Chloral Hydrate Sedation
Authors: Wright Kenneth W , Eriksen K Jeffrey , Shors Tracey J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A major limitation of methods presently used for detecting amblyopia in preverbal children and infants is their dependence on patient cooperation. In response to this problem, we have introduced the use of chloral hydrate sedation as a means of obtaining the pattern visual evoked potential (P-VEP) in uncooperative infants. Twenty-five infants were studied: 14 with clinically diagnosed amblyopia, four with questionable amblyopia, and seven with no clinical sign of amblyopia. In patients with known amblyopia, P-I amplitudes from the amblyopic eye were greatly diminished when compared with responses obtained from the non-amblyopic fellow eye, with amplitude ratios ranging from 0 to 0.66 (mean 0.36). In contrast, P-I responses from non-amblyopic infants were quite symmetrical, with amplitude ratios of 0.82 to 0.98 (mean 0.92). These results indicate that the P-VEP can be obtained during chloral hydrate sedation and that P-1 responses reflect the presence or absence of amblyopia. Performing P-VEP during chloral hydrate sedation thus holds promise as an important clinical tool for the diagnosis of amblyopia in uncooperative infants and children.
The Rieger Syndrome and a Chromosome 13 Deletion
Authors: Stathacopoulos Rena A , Bateman J Bronwyn , Sparkes Robert S , Hepler Robert S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Rieger syndrome, characterized by a prominent Schwalbe line, iris strands to the cornea, iris hypoplasia, dental abnormalities, facial malformations, and umbilical defects, is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. We studied a boy with the ocular features of the Rieger syndrome, micrognathia, and redundancy of the periumbilical skin. Chromosome analysis revealed an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 involving the distal region of band ql4 through band q31. As there was a previous report of the Rieger syndrome in a child with an interstitial deletion of chromosome 13(ql2,q22), we suggest that a gene for this disorder may be located in the segment ql4 to q22.