bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-read sequencing-based in silico phage typing of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium
Authors: Lisotto Paola , Raangs Erwin C. , Couto Natacha , Rosema Sigrid , Lokate Mariëtte , Zhou Xuewei , Friedrich Alexander W. , Rossen John W. A. , Harmsen Hermie J. M. , Bathoorn Erik , Chlebowicz-Fliss Monika A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are successful nosocomial pathogens able to cause hospital outbreaks. In the Netherlands, core-genome MLST (cgMLST) based on short-read sequencing is often used for molecular typing. Long-read sequencing is more rapid and provides useful information about the genome’s structural composition but lacks the precision required for SNP-based typing and cgMLST. Here we compared prophages among 50 complete E. faecium genomes belonging to different lineages to explore whether a phage signature would be usable for typing and identifying an outbreak caused by VRE. As a proof of principle, we investigated if long-read sequencing data would allow for identifying phage signatures and thereby outbreak-related isolates.

Results
Analysis of complete genome sequences of publicly available isolates showed variation in phage content among different lineages defined by MLST. We identified phage present in multiple STs as well as phages uniquely detected within a single lineage. Next, in silico phage typing was applied to twelve MinION sequenced isolates belonging to two different genetic backgrounds, namely ST117/CT24 and ST80/CT16. Genomic comparisons of the long-read-based assemblies allowed us to correctly identify isolates of the same complex type based on global genome architecture and specific phage signature similarity.

Conclusions
For rapid identification of related VRE isolates, phage content analysis in long-read sequencing data is possible. This allows software development for real-time typing analysis of long-read sequencing data, which will generate results within several hours. Future studies are required to assess the discriminatory power of this method in the investigation of ongoing outbreaks over a longer time period.
Pulsed EMF stimulation increased BDNF and activated S6 levels in the hippocampus of senescent rats
Authors: Téglás T. , Shoemaker R.G. , Dörnyei G. , Luiten P.G.M. , Nyakas C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure in rat has positive effects on neuronal processes in vitro. Moreover, EMF improves learning-memory and psychomotor activity during advanced ageing, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not known in the brain. In the present study we aimed to investigate the molecular effects of chronic EMF stimulation in the hippocampus of senescent rats in vivo.

Materials/Methods
Thirty months old rats were treated for six weeks with different EMF doses of 45, 95, and 1,250 µT. After sacrifice the levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and activated ribosomal protein S6 as measures for protein synthesis intensity in the hippocampus were determined by Western blot analysis.

Results
The results showed that chronic EMF exposure dose dependently increased BDNF and the amount of phosphorylated S6 protein at the highest dose. The effects on the two proteins positively correlated at individual level. The results indicate that EMF exposure may enhance neurotrophic processes indicated by increased BDNF expression in the hippocampus of senescent rats. Increased phosphorylated S6 protein suggests coupling to support molecular regulation of protein synthesis.

Conclusions
In a broader perspective, these findings may support EMF as a beneficial alternative form of passive exercise in active, exercise-limited, aged individuals.
Un método de ayuda a la toma de decisiones sobre impactos vecinales
Authors: Castro Luiz Claudio Ferreira , Lemos Maria Fernanda Rodrigues Campos , Domingues Luis Carlos Soares Madeira 
Published: October 2021

La Revolución Industrial y el paradigma de desarrollo del siglo XX crearon una interdependencia entre las ciudades y las industrias, lo que provocó conflictos / impactos en el vecindario. Con la necesidad de que la vivienda y las industrias estén cerca, surgen las preguntas: ¿Qué tan cerca? ¿Cuál es la distancia deseada para maximizar las externalidades positivas sin imponer impactos negativos y malestar?
Este artículo propone un método de apoyo a la toma de decisiones para gestionar los impactos en el vecindario. En primer lugar, un grupo de enfoque examina la materialidad de los impactos percibidos. Los participantes clasifican la importancia y la percepción de los impactos a través de una evaluación puntuada, considerando las distancias entre la fuente y el receptor. Los resultados se recopilan en una matriz de apoyo a la decisión. Las celdas de la matriz se puntúan de acuerdo con el impacto percibido sobre la distancia. Este método permite comparar impactos de diferentes naturalezas dentro de la misma escala. Establece una herramienta de gestión de conflictos basada en decisiones de trade-off de las partes interesadas, que puede utilizarse para la participación pública en los procesos de concesión de licencias, en la planificación territorial participativa o para definir la mitigación / compensación de los impactos después de una crisis vecinal.
Un caso de estudio de esta investigación, la acería ThyssenKrupp CSA fue inaugurada en 2010 en Santa Cruz (un barrio de la ciudad de Río de Janeiro). Desajustes y fallas de comunicación han generado conflictos vecinales, que se han vuelto icónicos en las recientes discusiones legales socioambientales brasileñas. A pesar de dos años de disputas, el Diagnóstico de Percepción realizado demostró la resolución de conflictos aparentemente irreconciliables a partir de 2012, debido a ajustes en la relación con el barrio.
STAGES AND METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA IN HIWA CANCER HOSPITAL IN SULAIMANI CITY
Authors: Othman Yad , Ali Kosar 
Published: October 2021

Background
Lung cancer is usually suspected in individuals who have an abnormal chest radiograph finding or have symptoms caused by either local or systemic effects of the tumour. The method and stage of diagnosis of suspected lung cancer depend on the type of lung cancer (i.e., small cell lung cancer [SCLC] or non-SCLC [NSCLC]), the size and location of the primary tumour, the presence of metastasis, and the overall clinical status of the patient.
Objectives
To determine the stage and method of diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma in Hiwa cancer hospital.
Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional study, at which three hundred patients with lung cancer in Hiwa cancer hospital from 1st Jan. 2016 to 1st Feb. 2018 were evaluated, and as much as possible as data were collected and analyzed for stage, method, and histological type.
Results
The mean age for lung cancer was 65.7±10.7 years. Male: female ratio was 3.4:1. Smoking was present in (88%) of cases. Most of our cases (61.7%) were diagnosed by bronchoscopy, and most of them were non-small cell lung cancer was stage III & IV. There was a significant relationship between the method of diagnosis and stages of lung cancer (P-value=0.016).
Conclusion
Most of our cases were males between 60–69-year-old, and smokers, without a family history, they presented with cough and were diagnosed by bronchoscopy (wash & biopsy) with metastatic disease, and their histological type was Non-small cell.
The Extracapsular Lymph Node Extension Predicts Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer: A Short Review
Authors: Jabi Rachid , Al Jarroudi Ouissam , Bouziane Mohammed 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The extension of the metastatic lymph nodes through the capsule to the
adipose tissue in the perinodal or extra-nodal defines the extra-nodal extension (ENE). ENE represents
an important prognostic factor in multiple cancers, which is considered as a prognostic parameter
in different tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classifications.

Introduction:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third in order of frequency, after successively
lung and breast cancer. Lymph node metastasis has been validated as a significant negative prognostic
factor for survival in colorectal cancer (CRC), which is improved by the adjuvant. Despite
the use of ENE as an important and validated prognostic factor in multiple cancers, ENE is not yet
taken into account in the CCR staging system.

Method:
The present short review aims to discuss the prognostic impact of ENE on CRC according
to the emerging evidence. To conduct this study, we have reported the results of all available
studies following the scientific rationale in three parts: retrospective studies, prospective studies,
and meta-analyses.

Results:
ENE has a negative impact on the prognosis of colorectal cancer but is not yet used in practice
in colorectal cancer.

Conclusion:
We, therefore, propose to carry out randomized clinical trials to study this subject better
and strengthen its value in management strategies.
Towards the Synthesis of a Heterocyclic Analogue of Natural Cyclooligopeptide
with Improved Bio-properties
Authors: Dahiya Rajiv , Dahiya Sunita , Chennupati Suresh V. , Davis Vernon , Sahadeo Vijaya , Patel Jayvadan K. 
Published: October 2021

Aims:
The present investigation is targeted towards the synthesis of a novel analogue of a natural peptide of marine origin.

Background:
Marine sponges are enriched with bioactive secondary metabolites, especially circu-lar peptides. Heterocycles are established organic compounds with potential biological value. Tak-ing into consideration the bio-properties of heterocycles and marine sponge-derived natural pep-tides, an effort was made for the synthesis of a heterocyclic analogue of a natural cyclopeptide.

Objective :
A heterocyclic analogue of a sponge-derived proline-containing cyclic peptide, rolloam-ide A, was synthesized by interaction of Boc-protected L-histidinyl-L-prolyl-L-valine and L-prolyl-L-leucyl-L-prolyl-L-isoleucine methyl ester and compared with synthetic rolloamide A with bioac-tivity against bacteria, fungi, and earthworms.

Methods:
The synthesis of cycloheptapeptide was accomplished employing the liquid phase method. The larger peptide segment was prepared by interaction of Boc-protected L-prolyl-L-leu-cine with L-prolyl-L-isoleucine methyl ester. Similarly, the tripeptide unit was synthesized from Boc-protected L-histidinyl-L-proline with L-valine ester. The linear heptapeptide segment (7) was cyclized by utilizing pentafluorophenyl (pfp) ester, and the structure was elucidated by elemental and spectral (IR, 1H/13C NMR, MS) analysis. The peptide was also screened for diverse bioactivities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and potential against earthworms and cytotoxicity.

Results:
The novel cyclooligopeptide was synthesized with 84% yield by making use of car-bodiimides. The synthesized cyclopeptide exhibited significant cytotoxicity against two cell lines. In addition, promising antifungal and antihelmintic properties were observed for newly synthesized heterocyclic peptide derivative (8) against dermatophytes and three earthworm species at 6 μg/mL and 2 mg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion:
Solution-phase technique employing carbodiimide chemistry was established to be promising for synthesizing the cycloheptapeptide derivative (8), and C5H5N was proved to be a better base for heptapeptide circling when compared to N-methylmorpholine and triethylamine.
Travail et loisir
Authors: Welten Ruud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this contribution, the relationship between work and leisure is investigated from a phenomenological viewpoint. The insights of Michel Henry and his interpretations of the work of Karl Marx are prominent. Marx makes a distinction between objective and subjective work. It is especially the second sphere, on which Henry elaborates his phenomenology of the living body, as experience of life itself. Work is the mode of pathos. After this introduction, the question of the phenomenology of leisure is being posed. The phenomenological zero-point of leisure is the night, in which we sleep. The invisibility in the night is the starting point to reveal the essence of leisure. The phenomenological mode of night, rest, is sleep. Further, in this line, the problem of vacation, time spending on not-working as obsession is of importance for our society today. From the point of view of henriana phenomenology, some notable conclusion can be formulated.
La percepción como interpretación
Authors: Martín Javier San 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mi ponencia trata de contribuir a una fenomenología de la percepción, desde la discusión de las posturas sobre la percepción que aparecen en la reciente obra de Lester Embree sobre el método fenomenológico. Desde el convencimiento y asentimiento a la llamada de Lester Embree, de que debemos volver a las cosas mismas, por tanto, dejamos de la erudición para alumbrar fenomenología de las cosas, no podemos tampoco desentendemos de lo que dicen nuestros maestros, y pretendo, con ellos, ir a las cosas, para ver en qué medida la percepción como acceso al mundo es un “acto” en el que intervienen la experiencia directa sensible animal y la aportación lingüística que clasifica el mundo, sin por ello convertir la percepción en lenguaje. En el primer punto plantearé la importancia que el tema tiene en la fenomenología sobre todo por el planteamiento husserliana en las Ideas I. En el segundo veremos la postura de Lester Embree, para, en el tercero, exponer lo que yo creo que está implícito en la propuesta de Husserl, que explicita la percepción como el acceso ponente a la realidad, por tanto radicalmente vinculada a la creencia, de manera que, fenomenológicamente, percepción, creencia y realidad están vinculadas, siendo está vinculación el marco en el que sitúa el comienzo de la legitimidad racional.
Derrida et le Temps Husserlien
Authors: Giovannangeli Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The author examines the several phases of Derrida’s interpretation of Husserl phenomenology of time consciousness. The main issue is a–non-husserlian–thesis about the deferred action of primordial impression, always intermingled with retention, allowing a of Husserl’s metaphysics of presence, and an approximation with Freud’s views about the Nachträglichkeit structure of psychic life. Consequently, the author stresses that Freud will allow, despite Husserl’s explicit assertions, a completion of phenomenology beyond the limits Husserl imposes on it (and on himself) as he remains dominated by the assumption of the absolute priority of primordial impression over retention.
Sobre los Límites del Lenguaje y las Limitaciones de la fenomenologia
Authors: Quijano Antonio Zirion 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Taking as a point of departure José Gaos’ claim, most likely directed to Phenomenology, that every true philosophy should produce a theory of what is sayable and what is unsayable, I try to circumscribe; from Phenomenology, and specifically from Husserl’s analysis of linguistic expression in Ideas I, an essential unsayability ( or ineffability), as a precise limit of language. This limit is brought about by the generality of expression. After a brief historical review, and a exposition of José Vasconcelos’ idea of an “inverted epojé’; as a way to avoid the generalizations of language, the limit between the sayable and the unsayable is found in the distinction between the noematic nucleus of an act and its full noema, which supports its individuality. As a corollary of this exposition, it is shown that what is ineffable is life itself, as it is concretely lived. On this basis, it is proposed a phenomenological critique of language, according to which a of language must be supported by a phenomenológy of life in its ineffable plenitude.
Test Method for Determining the Chemical Emissions of a Marine Diesel Engine Exhaust in Operation
Authors: Korczewski Zbigniew 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article briefly describes the problem of air pollution caused by sea-going ships and the resulting restrictions on the emission of toxic and harmful chemical compounds in the exhaust of marine engines, introduced by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) under the International Convention for the Prevention of Sea Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78). Such emissions provide a significant metrological problem, not only for the owners of operating sea-going ships, but also for shipyards, maritime administration offices and environmental protection inspectors. For this reason, the article’s author is developing research issues related to the diagnosing the exhaust emissions of marine engines under operating conditions, i.e. with limited control (measurement) susceptibility. This is particularly important in the period of intensive implementation of a new category of marine fuel, so-called modified fuels with low sulphur content. As part of the problem, a computational model of the parameters characterising the exhaust emissions of a marine engine in operation is presented in this article. This model is based on the measurement of the engine’s control parameters, using a standard (stationary) measurement system and a portable diagnostic system, configured for the purpose of this research. Presented here are representative measurements and calculation results (both obtained by the author and provided by the manufacturer) from the chemical exhaust gas emissivity of one of the ship engines operated. These confirm the adequacy of the calculation model developed and the diagnostic effectiveness of the measuring equipment applied. The methodology developed for experimental testing may also be implemented for the operation of other types of marine engines, provided that the basic chemical composition of the fuel supply and the engine load characteristics and hourly fuel consumption are known. Moreover, there is the possibility of indicating the cylinders and measuring the chemical composition of exhaust gases in the high-temperature part of the exhaust duct.
Use of UIoT for Offshore Surveys Through Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Sanchez Pedro Jose Bernalte , Márquez Fausto Pedro García , Govindara Shashank , But Alexandru , Sportich Benjamin , Marini Simone , Jantara Valter , Papaelias Mayorkinos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe ENDURUNS project is a European Research project of the Horizon 2020 framework, which has as its main objective to achieve the optimum and intelligent use of green hydrogen energy for long-term ocean surveys. The ENDURUNS system comprises an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) and an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) with gliding capability. The power pack of the USV integrates Li-ion batteries with photovoltaic panels, whilst the AUV employs Li-ion batteries and a hydrogen fuel cell. It is essential to develop a continuous monitoring ca-pability for the different systems of the vehicles. Data transmission between the devices onboard presents challenges due to the volume and structure of the different datasets. A telecommunications network has been designed to manage the operational components considered in the project. The autonomous vehicles perform measurements, providing their position and other data wirelessly. The system will generate a great volume of various signals during the survey. The Remote Control Centre needs to be interfaced with the vehicles in order to receive, manage and store the acquired data. An Underwater Internet of Things (IoT) platform is designed to establish efficient and smart data management. This study presents an exhaustive survey to analyse the telecommunication systems employed in the autonomous vehicles, including the back-end, user interface and mobile units. This paper presents the novel design of the hardware and software structure of the ENDURUNS project with regard to the literature, where its components and their in-terconnection layers are detailed, which is a novel scientific and technological approach for autonomous seabed surveying in deep oceans or in coastal areas.
Participation of professional community in examination of textbooks and educational publications used in the secondary vocational education system implementation
Authors: Алексеева В.В. , Мушаков А.А. , Павлов Е.А. , Ратникова И.П. , Соболева М.Л. , Демина С.А. 
Published: October 2021

Цифровая экономика диктует новые образовательные тренды, делая акцент на практическую подготовку в образовательном процессе. Развитие профессионального мастерства обучающихся в системе среднего профессионального образования невозможно без интегрированного участия научно-педагогического сообщества и представителей бизнес-среды. Данное участие предполагает корректировку содержательной части учебных изданий в соответствии с текущими и перспективными запросами общества и народнохозяйственного комплекса государства. Целью написания данной статьи является обоснование важности привлечения к рецензированию учебных материалов компетентных и авторитетных представителей профессионального сообщества для того, чтобы отобрать наиболее качественную учебную литературу, отвечающую требованиям современных образовательных технологий и практико-ориентированных целей подготовки специалистов в системе среднего профессионального образования (СПО). Основные методы исследования: аналитический обзор, сравнение, методы анализа и синтеза, статистического анализа. Проведенное исследование показало, что существует необходимость разработки механизмов взаимодействия представителей образовательной сферы СПО и профессионального сообщества, в частности работодателей, по вопросам проведения экспертизы учебников и учебных изданий, с целью повышения качества практической подготовки обучающихся в системе СПО.
Digital economics is driven by new educational trends focusing on practical training in the educational process. The development of students’ professional skill in the secondary vocational education system is impossible without integrated participation of scientific and pedagogic community and representatives of business. This participation contemplates adjustment of the educational publications scope in accordance with the current and prospective demands of the society and the national economy of the state. This article is aimed at substantiation of importance to involve competent and respective professional community representatives for the educational materials review in order to select the most proficient educational literature consistent with the modern educational technologies and practice-oriented goals of the specialists’ training in the secondary vocational education system. Principal research methods: analytical survey, comparison, methods of analysis, synthesis, and statistical analysis. The research held showed the necessity to elaborate the mechanisms for interaction of educational representatives of the secondary vocational education system and professional community, in particular, employers, on the issues relating the textbooks and educational publications examination to improve practical efficiency of students in the secondary vocational education system.