bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between hair cortisol concentration and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Mazgelytė Eglė , Mažeikienė Asta , Burokienė Neringa , Matuzevičienė Rėda , Linkevičiūtė Aušra , Kučinskienė Zita Aušrelė , Karčiauskaitė Dovilė 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent disorder defined as a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors including obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. It is believed that excessive cortisol secretion due to psychosocial stress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation might be involved in the pathogenesis of MetS. We sought to explore the association between MetS and psychosocial risk factors, as well as cortisol concentration measured in different biological specimens including saliva, blood serum, and hair samples. The study was conducted on a sample of 163 young and middle-aged men who were divided into groups according to the presence of MetS. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) was determined using high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection, while blood serum and salivary cortisol levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Lipid metabolism biomarkers were determined using routine laboratory methods. Anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics, as well as self-reported psychosocial indicators, were also examined. Significantly higher HCC and lower social support level among participants with MetS compared with individuals without MetS were found. However, no significant differences in blood serum and salivary cortisol levels were observed between men with and without MetS. In conclusion, chronically elevated cortisol concentration might be a potential contributing factor to the development of MetS.
Synthesis and crystal structure of one new Pb(II) complex constructed by 1,10-phenanthroline and two carboxylate ligands
Authors: Zhang Lu-Lin , Tang Shi-Li , Li De-Jun , Cheng Yuan-Zheng , Zhang Li-Ping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The complex [Pb(phen)(4-NB)(CH3COO)] of lead(II) was prepared and characterized by means of elemental analysis, FT-IR, and single crystal X-ray analysis, where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 4-NB = 4-nitrobenzoate. The single crystal X-ray analysis indicates that the complex is a monomeric species, including two carboxylate ligands, and adopts a hemidirected structure. It is further extended by intermolecular C−H⋯O hydrogen bonds, π–π interactions and secondary Pb⋯O interactions to form two-dimensional supramolecular architecture.
Crystal structure of poly[diaqua-(μ
2-2,5-dihydroxyterephthalato-κ2
O:O′)(μ
2-bis(4-pyridylformyl)piperazine-κ2
N:N′)cadmium(II)] dihydrate, C24H28CdN4O12
Authors: Lv Benlian , Ren Yunli 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
C24H28CdN4O12, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.0801(4) Å, b = 8.3925(3) Å, c = 13.9503(5) Å, β = 102.810(3)°, Z = 2, V = 1353.89(8) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0273, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0633, T = 291 K.
Theoretical investigation of the stability, reactivity, and the interaction of methyl-substituted peridinium-based ionic liquids
Authors: Bisong Emmanuel A. , Louis Hitler , Unimuke Tomsmith O. , Bassey Victoria M. , Agwupuye John A. , Peter Linda I. , Ekpen Francis O. , Adeleye Aderemi T. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research work focuses on the reactivity, stability, and electronic interaction of pyridinium hydrogen nitrate (PHN)-based ionic liquids and the influence of methyl substituent on this class of ionic liquids: Ortho- (O-MPHN), meta- (M-MPHN), and para- (P-MPHN) substitution. Natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations were performed at the density functional theory (DFT) with Becke’s Lee Yang and Parr functional (B3LYP) methods and DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) as basis set using GAUSSIAN 09W and GAUSSVIEW 6.0 software and the most important interaction between donor (Filled Lewis-type NBO’s) and the acceptor (vacant non-Lewis NBOs) were observed. From our natural bond orbital (NBO) result, it could be deduced that the higher the stabilization energy value, the greater the interaction between the donor and acceptor NBOs. The stability of the studied compounds is said to follow the order from O-MPHN > PHN > P-MPHN > M-MPHN based on the hyperconjugative interaction (stabilization energy) of the most significant interaction. The result of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), shows that PHN has the highest HOMO while the substituted derivatives have similar HOMO values between −7.70 and −7.98 eV thus PHN complex is the best electron donor while the substituted derivatives act as electron acceptors due to the presence of methyl group substituent which is observed to be electron deficient as a result of its withdrawal effect from the aromatic ring. Furthermore, the electron density, real space functions such as energy density and Laplacian of electron density at bond critical point (BCP) of the hydrogen bond interaction of the studied compounds were analyzed using Multifunctional Wavefunction analyzer software version 3.7 and it was observed that the hydrogen at position 6 and oxygen at position 11 (H6–O11) of M-methyl pyridinium nitrate with bond distance of 4.59 (Å) gave binding energy with the strongest electrostatic interaction between the cation and anion of the compounds under investigation. We also observed from our results that, substitution at the ortho position enhances the stability and strengthen the extent of charge transfer. This therefore implies that substitution at ortho position is more favorable for inter- and intramolecular interactions resulting to stabilization of the studied molecules.
El cosmopolitismo de María Zambrano y Alfonso Reyes
Authors: Lizaola Julieta 
Published: June 2021

El presente texto perfila una visión compartida sobre la importancia de ser ciudadanos del mundo, de ejercer el cosmopolitismo como forma de defensa de lo diverso, de lo heterogéneo. En esta premisa reside la aceptación y reconocimiento de la multiplicidad de elementos que conforman la vida subjetiva y social de la persona, del ciudadano. Este vinculo es el centro de la relación epistolar entre María Zambrano y Alfonso Reyes que en la amplitud de su perspectiva poética y filosófica les permite afirmar lo distinto, lo diferente, en términos culturales y políticos.
María Zambrano, Don Juan y los hombres baldíos
Authors: Rivera Leonarda 
Published: June 2021

Este artículo muestra al don Juan del barroco y al pícaro como experimentos fallidos de la libertad moderna. Los dos saborean esa libertad como un fruto prohibido, y terminan siendo víctimas de sus deseos; condenados a la soledad, los dos escenifican de una forma particular eso que María Zambrano llamó la encarnación del Absolutismo en la existencia individual.
Green Bonds als Instrumente der Klimaschutzfinanzierung: Eine Literaturübersicht
Authors: Jäger Lukas , Ringel Marc , Schiereck Dirk 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das Abkommen von Paris richtet die Klimaschutzfinanzierung als eine zentrale Säule der Klimaschutzpolitik ein. Ziel ist dabei die Mobilisierung von staatlichem und privatem Kapital für Klimaschutzaktivitäten. Hervorgehoben wird hierbei die Rolle von Green Bonds, um zum einen zielgerichtet Kapitel in die Klimaschutzfinanzierung zu lenken, zum anderen aber auch, um Investoren einen klaren Mehrwert gegenüber herkömmlichen Anlagetiteln zu bieten. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, den aktuellen Stand der Forschung zum Finanzierungsinstrument Green Bonds strukturiert aufzubereiten. Damit soll sowohl ein Überblick über bisherige Entwicklungen als auch über weiteren Forschungsbedarf gegeben werden, um klarer das Potenzial der Green Bonds für die Klimafinanzierung herauszuarbeiten, aber auch kritische Aspekte wie die effektive Kapitalverwendung, potenzielles „Greenwashing“ sowie die Eignung von Green Bonds als Investitionsobjekt zu diskutieren. Die gesichteten Studien scheinen das Vorhandensein eines Green Bond Premiums zu bestätigen
und
belegen deutlich den Nutzen von Green Bonds, sowohl aus der Perspektive der Investoren als auch aus dem Blickwinkel der Klimaschutzpolitik.
Genetic characterization of two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus spa type t127 strains isolated from workers in the dairy production chain in Greece
Authors: Karampatakis Theodoros , Papadopoulos Panagiotis , Tsergouli Katerina , Angelidis Apostolos S. , Sergelidis Daniel , Papa Anna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) constitutes a constant threat for the public health. Aim of the present study was to analyse the whole genome sequences of two MRSA strains belonging to Staphylococcus protein A (spa) type t127 isolated from humans working in two distantly located dairy production farms in Greece.MRSA strains were isolated from the nasal cavity of a food handler in a milk industry in Epirus, northwestern Greece (E-MRSA), and a person working in a cattle farm in Thrace, northeastern Greece (T-MRSA). Whole genome sequences taken using next generation sequencing were analysed for resistance and virulence genes applying various bioinformatic tools.Both isolates were assigned to ST1-IVa-t127 type, and they were transferring genes conferring resistance to tetracycline, β-lactams, and aminoglycosides; T-MRSA was carrying additional genes leading to macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance. Both isolates were carrying three plasmid replicon types, rep5, rep7 and rep16, while T-MRSA harboured also rep10 and rep15. E-MRSA carried scn and sak genes which were absent from T-MRSA.In conclusion, the genetic characterization of two unrelated ST1-IVa-t127 MRSA strains isolated from humans in close contact with livestock in Greece can be used as basis for further epidemiological and evolutionary studies.
A microwave termoablációs (MWA) módszer bevezetése az aranyeresség sebészetébe
Authors: Rozsos István , Vadász Gergely , Gadácsi Melinda 
Published: June 2021

Összefoglaló.
Célkitűzés: A már több mint egy évtizede alkalmazott lézeres
aranyérműtét technikai tapasztalatai alapján kidolgozott mikrohullámú
termo-koagulációs műtét bevezetésének korai eredményeinek bemutatása.
Közleményünkben a lézeres és microwave elven működő eszközökkel végzett
aranyérműtéti eredményeinket mutatjuk be. Betegek és módszerek:
A 26 lézerszállal és a 14 mikrohullámú merev antennával végzett műtét
összehasonlítását végeztük el. Eredmények: Mindkét csoportban
az átlagos panaszmentesség 2 hét alatt alakult ki, a két módszer között jelentős
különbséget nem találtunk. Megbeszélés: Az új műtéti
eljárásokat kereső világunkban az általunk most kipróbált lehetőség lehetővé
teszi a gyors és teljes gyógyulást adó kezelést. A termo elven működő rendszerek
kevesebb fizikai roncsolással érik el a kívánt hatást. A microwave technika a
lézeres beavatkozások biztonsági előírásainak szükségessége és körülményessége
nélkül alkalmazható.
Summary.
Abstract: In addition to the traditional surgical options for
hemorrhoid disease, newer treatment methods are evolving along the principle of
reducing the burden on patients and providing similar or better healing.
Thermo-based systems achieve the desired effect with less physical destruction.
In this paper, we discuss the results of hemorrhoid surgery performed with laser
and microwave devices. Patients and methods: We compare the
results of 26 operations done with laser fibers and 14 operations using
microwave rigid antennas. Results: In both groups, the average
complaint-free period developed within 2 weeks, no significant difference was
found between the two methods. Discussion: As we are always
looking for new methods and surgical solutions, an option we are testing now
indicates that thermal treatment can provide a quick and complete cure without
the need for complicated safety requirements of laser interventions.
The liability of the air carrier for damages and the state of health of the air passenger •
Authors: Sipos Attila 
Published: June 2021

AbstractViruses can be found everywhere, they are part of the real life of humanity. Air travel is the youngest form of geographical movement, which has become an attainable reality for everyone at the expense of extraordinarily huge efforts and sacrifices. The two realities collided at the end of 2019 and then on 11 March 2020 via the declaration of COVID-19 to be a world pandemic changing the world as known. This paper introduces these two realities and researches their legal relations.Primarily, this paper seeks answers to the question whether pursuant to the Montreal Convention (1999) regulating the liability of the air carrier for damages an event or occurrence deriving from the disease or state of health of the passenger taking place during the operations of embarkation or disembarkation or on board the aircraft is deemed to be an accident. What extent of liability does the state of health of the passenger impose on the contracting parties pursuant to the rules of the Convention and according to legal practice?An answer is provided by unfolding the conceptual elements of accident via legal cases. This introduces the significance of the internal regulations of the air carrier; the situation of passengers in need of special care; examines the existence of medical certificates and deals with the responsibility of the crew for the treatment of acute situations deriving from the state of health of the passenger (heart attack, thrombosis, virus infection etc.)The answer is logical. Pursuant to the Convention, the event or occurrence deriving from the state of health of the passenger does not qualify as accident, consequently, the air carrier shall not liable. However, if in the facts of the concrete case a cause and effect relationship exists between the occurrence of the accident and the negligent conduct of the air carrier, the liability of the air carrier for damages can be established.The study introduces the system of conditions of the liability for damages in full detail, and the causal link producing an accident. The author makes recommendations for and outlines solutions in awareness that despite all real efforts, mankind has not learnt the lesson that the virus is in a winning position.
The twilight of the separation of powers: Proportionality as a method of solving institutional issues
Authors: Hapla Martin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe author examines the tension that exists between the various components of the separation of powers (in particular the ideas of independence and separation, and the system of checks and balances). He analyses different ways of solving them. Attention is paid, for example, to attempting to supplement the separation of powers with some other normative thesis. The author rejects previous approaches and argues that the components of the separation of powers can be understood as separate principles. Conflicts between these principles should be resolved through proportionality.
Texter och offentlig makt – språk och språkvetenskap i samhället
Authors: Tiililä Ulla 
Published: June 2021

Den offentliga makten, förvaltningen och den offentliga servicen grundar sig på språkanvänd­ning, men är därtill också textualiserad, dvs. baserar sig i allt högre grad på skrivna texter. Man kan tala om textualiseringen som en megatrend.
I artikeln diskuteras drag som är typiska för textualiseringen särskilt inom vårdsektorn, och vilken inverkan den har på samhället. Artikelns teoriram är skrivandets sociolingvistik, som har många beröringspunkter med diskurs- och genreforskning. Blicken riktas från språket mot språk­liga betydelsehelheter, mot texter, och från språkliga produkter mot språkliga pro­cesser, till exempel mot skrivande.
Jag visar att språk och texter spelar en betydande roll i hur delaktighet, jämlikhet och lik­värdighet realiseras i våra samhällen. I sista hand har de betydelse för stabiliteten i sam­hället, eftersom ojämlikhet och utslagning är betydande bakgrundsfaktorer till säkerhets­hot, till exempel brottslighet. I min artikel kommer jag att visa att språkvetenskap kan erbjuda fruktbara synvinklar och redskap för att granska samhälleliga problem.
Nyckelord: skrivandets sociolingvistik, textualisering, social- och hälsovården, tillgång till rättigheterna, delaktighet
Från tolkad interaktion till enspråkig text – om en asylberättelses framväxt
Authors: Wadensjö Cecilia , Rehnberg Hanna Sofia , Nikolaidou Zoe 
Published: June 2021

I ett protokoll fört under en asylintervju återfanns en obegriplig mening som den asylsökande inte kände igen. I denna artikel undersöker vi vad som ledde fram till denna mening. Med sam­talsanalys som teoretisk och metodisk ansats går vi igenom en 3,5 minuter lång sekvens hämtad från den ljudinspelade, tolkade asylintervju där den obegripliga meningen fördes till proto­kollet. Språken som talades var svenska och ryska. Protokollet skrevs på svenska. Under­sök­ningen visar hur flera faktorer och samtliga deltagare i asylintervjun, på olika sätt, styr och for­mar framväxten av den asylberättelse som manifesteras i protokollet.
Generellt för tolkade samtal gäller att tolkens återgivningar av det som sagts på det andra språket möjliggör parternas delade förståelse – samtidigt som de skapar ett icke-konventionellt turtagningsmönster. Specifikt för asylintervjuer är att ett detaljerat protokoll av det som sägs förs, samtidigt som intervjun pågår. Hur det samtidiga protokollskrivandet påverkar turtag­nings­­mönstret har inte undersökts i någon större utsträckning i tidigare forskning.
Artikeln visar på svårigheter som kan uppstå när en institutionell berättelse samkonstrueras när den parallellt dokumenteras i ett protokoll. Kunskap om detta är av vikt för såväl praktiker inom asylprocessen, som för vidare studier av tolkning i offentlig sektor.
Plasma Proteomics of Renal Function: A Transethnic Meta-Analysis and Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Matías-García Pamela R. , Wilson Rory , Guo Qi , Zaghlool Shaza B. , Eales James M. , Xu Xiaoguang , Charchar Fadi J. , Dormer John , Maalmi Haifa , Schlosser Pascal , Elhadad Mohamed A. , Nano Jana , Sharma Sapna , Peters Annette , Fornoni Alessia , Mook-Kanamori Dennis O. , Winkelmann Juliane , Danesh John , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Ouwehand Willem H. , Watkins Nicholas A. , Roberts David J. , Petrera Agnese , Graumann Johannes , Koenig Wolfgang , Hveem Kristian , Jonasson Christian , Köttgen Anna , Butterworth Adam , Prunotto Marco , Hauck Stefanie M. , Herder Christian , Suhre Karsten , Gieger Christian , Tomaszewski Maciej , Teumer Alexander , Waldenberger Melanie ,   Human Kidney Tissue Resource
Published: June 2021

Significance Statement
Studies on the plasma proteome of renal function have identified several biomarkers, but have lacked replication, were limited to European populations, and/or did not investigate causality with eGFR. Among four cohorts in a transethnic cross-sectional study, 57 plasma proteins were associated with eGFR, 23 of them also with CKD. Furthermore, Mendelian randomization and gene expression analyses in kidney tissue highlighted testican-2 as a physiological marker of kidney disease progression with potential clinical relevance, and identified a few additional proteins warranting further investigation.

Background
Studies on the relationship between renal function and the human plasma proteome have identified several potential biomarkers. However, investigations have been conducted largely in European populations, and causality of the associations between plasma proteins and kidney function has never been addressed.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of 993 plasma proteins among 2882 participants in four studies of European and admixed ancestries (KORA, INTERVAL, HUNT, QMDiab) identified transethnic associations between eGFR/CKD and proteomic biomarkers. For the replicated associations, two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to investigate potential causal relationships. Publicly available datasets and transcriptomic data from independent studies were used to examine the association between gene expression in kidney tissue and eGFR.

Results
In total, 57 plasma proteins were associated with eGFR, including one novel protein. Of these, 23 were additionally associated with CKD. The strongest inferred causal effect was the positive effect of eGFR on testican-2, in line with the known biological role of this protein and the expression of its protein-coding gene (SPOCK2) in renal tissue. We also observed suggestive evidence of an effect of melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA), carbonic anhydrase III, and cystatin-M on eGFR.

Conclusions
In a discovery-replication setting, we identified 57 proteins transethnically associated with eGFR. The revealed causal relationships are an important stepping stone in establishing testican-2 as a clinically relevant physiological marker of kidney disease progression, and point to additional proteins warranting further investigation.
Evaluation of sensitivity to chemical disinfectants of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from HIV-infected individuals and patients with monotuberculosis infection compared to the reference strain
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Tukacheva O. V. , Sibiryakova О. R. , Sarmometov E. V. , Azanov P. B. 
Published: June 2021

Objective. To study the sensitivity to chemical disinfectants against Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from HIV-infected individuals and patients with monotuberculosis in comparison to the reference strain of Mycobacterium terrae.
Materials and methods. The sensitivity of 12 M. tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis (n = 6) and monotuberculosis (n = 6) to chlorine-containing and quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) disinfectants was studied. The M. terrae strain was used as a reference. Seedings of microbial suspensions treated with disinfectants on the culture medium Levenshtein-Jensen were carried out and were monitored for 3 months.
Results. One, two, three months following the treatment of microorganisms with QAC-containing disinfectant in the absence of growth of the control strain, there was noted growth of M. tuberculosis, particularly intense in the strains isolated from HIV-infected persons.
Conclusions. Thus, the resistance of tuberculosis pathogens to disinfectants can be acquired.
M. tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis are detected to be more resistant to disinfectants than the strains isolated from patients with monotubercular infection.