bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of Tumour Region on Breast Histopathology Images for Assessment of Glandular Formation in Breast Cancer Grading
Authors: Nor Rahim P A S , Mustafa N , Yazid H , Xiao Jian T , Daud S , Rahman K S A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Breast cancer is the most silent killer among cancers nowadays. NHG system is widely accepted worldwide as a gold standard in providing the overall grade to breast cancer. One of the breast cancer features used in the NHG system is tubule formation. Assessment of tubule formation requires pathologist to identify tumour regions. However, colour variation on breast histopathology could influence tumour regions detection on breast histopathology images. Manual identification of tumour regions using microscope may also vary between pathologists. Thus, automatic segmentation is crucial to segment tumour regions. In this study, a simple approach of segmentation was proposed to segment tumour region on breast histopathology images. The proposed segmentation involved three stages: pre-processing, segmentation and post-processing. The proposed approach using GHE and median filter in the pre-processing stage; Otsu thresholding in the segmentation stage and; morphological operation and pixel removal in the post-processing stage was found able to segment the tumour region with average segmentation accuracy of 90.4 %.
Medical imaging and analysis of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma using CT, MRI and ultrasound
Authors: Rasheed M E H , Youseffi M , Jamil M M A , Ibrahim T N T , Parisi L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Chondrosarcoma (CS) is a type of bone cancer that arises from the malignant transformation of chondrocytes and spreads metastatically to the surrounding bone tissue. CSs tend to grow and spread slowly, dedifferentiating into high-grade tumours; however, the cancer may grow rapidly too. What causes chondrosarcoma is not known, though it may arise from a benign tumour or bone conditions. Typically, CS tumours originate from the bones of the axial skeleton, but they may also occur in other parts of the body. CS patients usually experience aching pain around the tumour, especially at night or during physical activity, and it slowly deteriorates. Medical imaging tests play an important role in the diagnosis of CS; nevertheless, a tissue biopsy is required to confirm its diagnosis. The role of medical imaging is also vital in guiding and monitoring treatments. Surgical resection of the tumour is commonly the primary treatment for most types of CS due to its resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This work presents the case of a deceased middle-aged male subject with dedifferentiated CS of the right chest wall, including analysis of medical images involving both ionising (computed tomography) and non-ionising techniques (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging), in addition to treatments the subject received, along with their outcomes. Five generations of the subject’s family were investigated in detail and the subject was found the only cancer case in his family. Furthermore, the subject did not benefit from any treatments he underwent, and he died within two years from the diagnosis.
Study of Electrostatic Field Responses of Locally Marketed Face Masks in the Philippines
Authors: Esmeria J , Fernandez P N , Oyong G G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The face mask is the first line of defense against infectious particulates and droplets that may cause illness. Currently in the Philippines, the wearing of face mask is compulsory whenever citizens leave their residences as mandated by the government to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. The wearing of face masks has become a new normal among Filipinos. This created market opportunities for different types which became commonly and immediately available for purchase. This study aimed to differentiate the effectiveness of locally available face masks in terms of electrostatic filtration capability. Twelve different types of face masks grouped into five categories – surgical, fabric, N95 variants, foam type, and novelty type – were evaluated. Electrostatic fields were measured from each face mask including pore sizes via scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, by utilizing the estimated charge and mass of the SARS-CoV-2 virion, the transmission rate was simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics®. It was observed that face masks with negatively charged materials combined with small pore sizes afforded less particle transmission. The results of this study are of timely significance in potentially laying out public awareness in the selection and utilization of face masks that can provide foremost shielding against viral transmission.
A Numerical Study on Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Designs for Hospital Waiting Room in The Context of COVID-19 For Hot and Warm Humidity Climate
Authors: Rahman Y M N , Razlan Z M , Nazrin Y M , Razali N A A , Izham M I , Ibrahim I , Desa H , Zulkepli N N , Azizan M A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 is a virus originated from Corona Virus which can severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) symptoms such as chest pain, dry cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. The AC and ventilation system is not only important for the thermal comfort occupants but to ensure the room is safe and free from infectious virus. Thermal comfort is important measurement in indoor space which influenced by temperature, Relative Humidity (RH), airflow velocity and others. This research was executed and focused on lecture room in Bilik Persatuan 10, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) instead of real hospital waiting room. It comes with the room dimensions 11.87m (Length) × 5.17m (Width) × 2.93m (Height) for the numerical study. In addition, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis is used to investigate the air flow pattern and temperature distribution inside the room. By using software Ansys FLUENT 19, field experimental and simulation work can be compared which have 14.55% difference in temperature distribution. It is expected by increasing the air velocity of the AC inlet diffuser influence the pattern of airflow in the room, but average temperature remains same for all these conditions.
Comparing and Analysis of Test and Evaluation Methods for Connected Vehicle Communication Antenna System
Authors: Zhu Tong , Ji Guotian , Jiang Guokai , Ding Yifu , Feng Jiaxu , Wang Changyuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the development of Connected Vehicle, various of on-board applications and functions rely on stable, reliable and fast-response wireless connections furtherly, making it more urgent and widespread for vehicles to be equipped with relevant antenna systems such as positioning and communication. There are many types of vehicle antenna systems, together with a wide range of installation locations and a complex electronic environment which brings a huge challenges to the development of antenna manufacturers and the matching of automobile OEMs. In order to carry out the R&D, matching and testing of the vehicle antenna system better, various parties have proposed a multi-dimensional test and evaluation methods, but there is still a lack of horizontal evaluation between them. This paper analyses the requirements of automotive antenna system evaluation, sorts out and compares the technical paths of various common solutions, summarizes the characteristics and differences of various solutions, and provides a research foundation for further optimizing the vehicle-level antenna system test and evaluation program.
Current Status and Prospects of Gas Turbine Technology Application
Authors: Li Jiangpeng , Liu Ziti , Ye Ruoxuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The gas turbine is widely used in various fields, including powering aircraft, ships, trains, and electrical generators. This paper reviews multiple researches about two usages of gas turbines, including power generation and propulsion in aerospace. To be specific, two types of gas turbines have been considered in the power generation section. The first one is the micro-scale turbine, and its working principle has been introduced in section 2.1.1. In addition, six diverse kinds of gas turbines, sorted by a different manufacturer, are introduced in 2.1.2, and it has been found out that, compared to its counterpart, EnerTwin is obviously more sustainable. At the same time, both of them generally cost the same. The second type of gas turbine is used in a combined cycle power plant (CCPP), a popular power station. The working principle of CCPP is introduced in 2.2.1, while several optimization methods are illustrated in 2.2.2, including solar thermal power methods and other novel methods. The result indicates that the most popular method of optimizing the combined cycle gas turbine is integrating an additional unit. One of those outstanding technics is the integrated solar-combined cycle, contributing to 64% of fuel saving with 2.8% of output reduction.
Research on small lightweight electromagnetic interference measurement system based on patrol unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Liu Pingyuan , Wu Nian , Yao Junwen , Ke Xianbin , Bie Shiguang , Liu Feng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been widely used in power system inspection. Most of the existing UAVs are equipped with visible and infrared cameras for fast full spectrum photography and fault monitoring of transmission lines. When the transmission line has defects such as aging, broken strand and serious corrosion, the traditional image recognition, infrared and other observation methods can not identify these defects well. In order to realize the rapid detection and judgment of broken strand, this paper analyzes the characteristics of electromagnetic interference of transmission line, and constructs the electromagnetic interference measurement system based on patrol UAV. The research results of this paper can realize the real-time detection and alarm of broken strand, and provide technical support for line inspection.
Development of the Line Protection Measurement and Control Device based on Domestic MCU
Authors: Zhao Chengxuan , Wang Yuantao , Ni Chuankun , Chen Hu , Xu Yunlong , Ma Wei , Su Yaxin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the dual MCU hardware architecture of protection measurement and control device was presented by analyzing the current situation of domestic MCU and chip selection. The problems existing in ADC sampling accuracy and ADC integral non-linearity were studied. The design scheme of high-precision ADC acquisition system based on dual MCU architecture was proposed, which could meet the requirements of technical specifications by using oversampling and adaptive processing of sampling nonlinear area. In terms of reliability, the EMC performance of the device was promoted by the improvement of outlet and ADC acquisition circuit.
Transmission line condition assessment technology based on multi-source Parameter Fusion
Authors: Dai Wentao , Wang Minzhen , Guo Jiankai , Li Zheng , Qiao Dongliang , Shang Ziwen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the shortcomings of current transmission line state evaluation, which refers to the isolation of scalars and the low accuracy of evaluation methods, a transmission line state evaluation technology based on multi-source parameter fusion is proposed. This paper collects and selects characteristic data such as line test inspection information, operation and maintenance records, and power grid operating parameters as indicator quantities. The membership function is used to express the distribution state of the index quantity, and the distribution state is used as the data to establish a comprehensive evaluation model of the line operation state based on the long- and short-term memory network. The data tag is used to train the deep network to establish the mapping relationship between index parameters and operation state. Experiments show that the evaluation accuracy of the proposed method is significantly higher than that of the traditional shallow method, which can provide theoretical guidance for the operation and maintenance of overhead transmission lines.
Complete characteristic curve processing method based on improved backpropagation neural network and Logarithmic curve projection
Authors: Liu Baonan , Zhou Jianzhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The calculation of transient process is the basis of the design and construction of pumped storage power plant, which directly affects operation stability of pumped storage units. However, for satisfying the design of uniform and smooth flow in both directions, the complete characteristic curves of pumped turbine show a significant S feature, which brings difficulties to the interpolation calculation in the transient process as there are crossover and overlap phenomenon in pump and turbine working conditions. In this paper, a transformation method for complete characteristic curves based on logarithmic curve projection and improved backpropagation neural network is presented to solve the above problem. Furthermore, the feasibility and accuracy of the method are verified through the comparison of load rejection condition with on-site measurement, the results show that the proposed method overcomes the multi-value problem that exists in the original curve, in especial makes the small opening region well expressed. The simulation based on the transformed curve reaches a high similarity of transient process with the field test, both in the trend and extreme values, which provides great convenience for the calculation of transient process.
The Heat Transfer Coefficient Predictions in Engineering Applications
Authors: Wan Junchi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Most engineering applications have boundary layers; the convective transport of mass, momentum and heat normally occurs through a thin boundary layer close to the wall. It is essential to predict the boundary layer heat transfer phenomenon on the surface of various engineering machines through calculations. The experimental, analogy and numerical methods are the three main methods used to obtain convective heat transfer coefficient. The Reynolds analogy provides a useful method to estimate the heat transfer rate with known surface friction. In the Reynolds analogy, the heat transfer coefficient is independent of the temperature ratio between the wall and the fluid. Other methods also ignore the effect of the temperature ratio. This paper summarizes the methods of predicting heat transfer coefficients in engineering applications. The effects of the temperature ratio between the wall and the fluid on the heat transfer coefficient predictions are studied by summarizing the researches. Through the summary, it can be found that the heat transfer coefficients do show a dependence on the temperature ratio. And these effects are more obvious in turbulent flow and pointing out that the inaccuracy in the determination of the heat transfer coefficient and proposing that the conjugate heat transfer analysis is the future direction of development.
Demonstration and Optimization of Floor Height of 220kV GIS Room in the Indoor Substation
Authors: Li Yan , Wu Peng , Xing Lin , Wang Ning , Cheng Rong , Hu Yuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the development of cities, the construction of indoor substations and the use of gas insulated switchgear (GIS equipment) are becoming more and more widespread. In this paper, the height of 220kVGIS room in the indoor substation is demonstrated and optimized. On the basis of the collection and analysis of the basic data of each major equipment manufacturer, the height of GIS room is analysed from the expansion, maintenance needs and pressure test, which are two limiting factors. Finally, the optimal height of 220kVGIS room is determined.
Compressed Air Energy Storage and Future Development
Authors: Guo Jingyue , Ma Ruiman , Zou Huiyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Power generation around the world is changing dramatically as a consequence of the demand to lower greenhouse gas releases and present a mix of power supplies. Energy storage technology is considered to be the fundamental technology to address these challenges and has great potential. This paper presents the current development and feasibilities of compressed air energy storage (CAES) and provides implications for upcoming technology advancement. The paper introduces various primary categories of CAES (Advanced Adiabatic-CAES, Liquid Air Energy Storage and Supercritical CAES). Compared with other energy storage technologies, CAES is considered a fresh and green energy storage with the distinctive superiorities of high capacity, high power rating, and long-term storage, and shortcomings of low power density, high transportation losses, and geological restriction. CAES is regarded as a promising technology that is able to be applied in renewable energy production, cogeneration, and distributed energy and microgrid systems. It’s also considered to be integrated with other technologies, such as renewable energy, gas turbine, solid oxide fuel cells, and other systems in the future.
Simulation Experiment on Energy Tower Coupled with Buried Pipe System of Ground-source Heat Pump for Cross-season Heat Storage
Authors: Wang Jianhui , Liu Ziqiang , Liang Yingkai , Peng Guohui , Wang Weiyu , Liu Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It is proposed to use energy tower instead of solar collector system to store heat for buried pipe system of ground-source heat pump in summer, so as to solve the problem that soil temperature is too low due to unbalanced cold and heat load of GSHP in cold and severe cold area. The simulation results show that the thermal storage power of energy tower is affected by soil temperature and environmental temperature. The lower the soil temperature, the better the thermal storage effect of energy tower system for soil. The thermal storage power and environmental temperature change in a positive relationship. It is proved that the application of cross-season heat storage is feasible for energy tower coupled with buried pipe system of ground-source heat pump in cold and severe cold area.
A Novel Control Method of Low-voltage-ride-through Technique for Asymmetrical Hybrid Energy Storage System
Authors: LI Xiaomeng , Gao Ze , Zhang Zhen’an , Rao Yufei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT) capability is an important criterion for the stability of cascaded multilevel energy storage system (ESS). Based on asymmetrical hybrid ESS, a coordinated operating method is proposed to maintain the phase angle of positive-sequence-voltage of battery cells and capacitor cells. To deal with the asymmetrical chains among three phases, its influence on the power distribution is eliminated by modifying the command of battery cells, then the traditional zero-sequence-voltage injection is feasible for asymmetrical situations. Proposed methods can stabilize the dc-side voltage of capacitor cells, maintaining the output current. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of proposed methods are proved by experiment.
Study on control strategy of output stability of wind-solar reservoir thermal system
Authors: Li Shengshan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In view of the landscape reservoir heat output coordinated control demand, based on the topology of the hybrid energy storage system of the three ports heating model, using the sunlight with the electricity output of the complementary and heat accumulation can be regulatory, intends to research a kind of based on photo-thermal storage heat and scenery electricity heating output port control method, in order to achieve the goal of fast and smooth regulating heat output fluctuations, The coordinated output control of integrated wind-landscape storage and heat collection is realized.
Smart grid oriented Internet of Things technology and application analysis
Authors: Zhou Wenting , Xiao Jingfeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the development of modern society, the Internet itself with the characteristics of diversification and virtualization, has played a good application value. The Internet of Things can realize the interaction and construction of related network resources through the effective integration of physical and virtual bodies. It makes the overall information network communication and power industry structure to achieve the corresponding transformation and industrial upgrading, and ultimately promotes the transformation of social production structure. This provides good convenience for people and promotes the development of the whole society.
Transient overvoltage characteristics in submarine cables of multi-terminal flexible HVDC transmission system
Authors: Feng Man , Li Tao , Liu Jinjuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The overvoltage transient characteristics of submarine cables are one of the key technologies for submarine power transmission. This article takes the submarine cable of Zhoushan Multi-terminal Flexible HVDC Transmission Project as the research object. The MMC-HVDC simulation models at both ends of converter stations are built in PSCAD. The parameters and equivalent models of the flexible HVDC cables are determined, and the submarine DC cable operating overvoltage is calculated by using statistical methods. The simulation results show that the maximum overvoltage of the submarine cable, that is, the maximum overvoltage of the conductor to sheath, the sheath to the armour, and the armour to the ground are 400 kV, 7.27 kV and 0.45kV respectively. The maximum overvoltage when it occurs faults on grid-side or valve-side appears in the middle of the submarine cable. Maximum overvoltage of HVDC single pole grounding fault appears at the connection point of land cable and submarine cable. The simulation results and the discovery of features in this article provide reference in the design, selection, and testing of submarine power transmission equipment.
Online Monitoring of Transmission Line Operation Based on Power Internet of Things
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua , Xue Wenxiang , Wang Shuyuan , Lu Yi , Wang Hui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Current monitoring methods of transmission line operation status can not obtain real-time data of distributed distribution transmission line, which leads to a large error in monitoring results. Therefore, a multi-state on-line monitoring method based on power Internet of Things is proposed. Using the gateway of power internet of things to set up network control access mode, build edge computing model, and using AD chip of ADS8365W5300 to obtain the real-time data of massive distributed distribution network, then make a decision on the fault after processing and analyzing the data. This paper constructs an edge computing model which can complete the data processing and analysis in the edge node, and designs the deployment of the edge computing model. By evaluating the faults in the dynamic incremental fault set, the risk state of transmission line in the danger control area is obtained, and a multi-state on-line monitoring method is designed. The experimental results show that the proposed method can monitor the transmission line running state accuratel
Research on the Formation and Solution of the Bullwhip Effect of Electricity Material Reserve
Authors: Zeng Wenlong , Peng Fei , Hong Qiaozhang , Liu Jinsheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the deepening of the power system reform together with the transformation and development of power companies, the importance of supply chain management has become increasingly prominent. As an important part of the power supply chain management of power companies, the accuracy of electricity material reserves has an impact on the entire process of the company’s supply chain. This article analyzes the reasons for the bullwhip effect in the process of electricity material storage, points out the harm caused by the bullwhip effect, and proposes ways to weaken the bullwhip effect such as improving the accuracy of demand reserves, strengthening inventory management.