bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Transformation of Smart City Concept in Urban Development (Case Study: Semarang City)
Authors: Fajriyah N O , Djunaedi A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The urban development in line with technology growth has created a smart city concept. Semarang city is one of the metropolitan cities that has applied a smart city concept since 2013 by implementing information technology in their programs. It was successfully made Semarang getting an award as the best city of Development Regional Awards by Bappenas (Ministry of National Development Planning) in 2019. But over time, the smart city concept in Semarang has transformed in its implementation to solve the city’s problems and adapt to their needs. The purpose of this study is to describe the phenomena in the transformation of the smart city concept in urban development with case study of Semarang city. This study uses an abductive approach by the methodology of case study that armed with a few of theory and has a lot of exploration about the phenomena. The results of this study indicate that the transformation of the smart city concept in Semarang affected by several factors in urban and regional development, which consist of internal and external factors.
Assessment of Transport Poverty and Its Social-Economic Impacts on Communities (Case of Bekasi Barat, Bekasi City)
Authors: Iman S N , Herwangi Y 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Transport poverty is a paradigm where such conditions cause limitations in using transportation facilities that affects the marginalized. The poor is most often affected by the lack of vehicles both private and public transportation services in terms of choice and quality of service, thus causing social exclusion and shuts people from economic, social, and political participation due to lack of access to transportation. Transport poverty have bearings on the travel patterns of the affected groups. The study aims to identify and analyze the impact of transport poverty on the travel patterns of affected groups and compare them with unaffected groups. Bekasi City has a vital role as a satellite city of DKI Jakarta which also has high poverty rates and numbers of poor people. Home-based school and work travel pattern are chosen given these trips are the most frequent done in a household. This research method is a deductive method using a mixed method and collecting data using questionnaires, in-depth interviews and observation results. The conclusion of this research is the phenomenon of poverty occurs in Bekasi Barat, Bekasi City, influencing communites travel patterns with indicators of affordability, mobility, and accessibility, as well as having impact on their social exclusion.
Do the existing pipe network and community satisfaction influence the preferences of domestic water fulfillment? Evidence from Kota Metro, Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sugiyono  , Dewancker Bart J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The domestic water fulfillment becomes a crucial issue to be discussed considering limited water resources, continuously increasing demand, and multi-dimensional impacts of uncontrolled groundwater exploitation. Aside from efforts taken to accelerate the improvement of the domestic water sector, the traditional assumption claiming that pipe water network provision would lead people to shift their preference into public water service is seemingly questionable in Indonesia due to the absence of clear regulation restricting individual groundwater exploitation. This research aims to elaborate on whether the availability of piped water networks significantly influences people’s choice of their main domestic water source. We took Kota Metro, Lampung Province, Indonesia as a case study area considering the challenge of this city to improve its domestic water sector. We initially conducted a household survey to grasp a preliminary figure of people’s preference patterns as well as their reason in choosing a certain domestic water source in the case study area. Subsequently, we analyzed the relation between the availability of pipe network in the respondent’s residence and the issue of public preference on the daily water fulfillment then correlated them with the satisfaction level on the utilized water source.
Comprehensive Analysis of UAV Flight Parameters for High Resolution Topographic Mapping
Authors: Muhammad M , Tahar K N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are aircrafts without pilot on board, which are controlled by the ground station or transmitter. The ability of UAVs to provide high-resolution imageries and accurate positioning makes it the best platform as compared to satellite images. Therefore, UAVs can speed up the topographic works, especially during data collection. Topographic mapping has been used by many agencies such as the government, private, and military. Furthermore, the geotagged high resolution UAV images can provide accurate results using Ground Control Points (GCPs). UAV flight parameters, such as flight altitude and overlap and sidelap percentages, can affect the topographic map result derived from the UAV images. The optimal flight altitude and overlap and sidelap percentages based on the specific topographic surface need to be investigated to produce an accurate topographic map. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of topographic maps from different flight parameters. There are two objectives to achieve the aim; i.e., to produce photogrammetric products from different overlaps and sidelaps as well as analyze the photogrammetric products with ground survey data. The selected flight altitude in this study is 60 m. However, the overlap percentages are 70%, 80%, and 90% and the sidelap percentages are 50%, 60%, and 70%. GCPs and Check Points (CPs) will be established using global navigation satellite system (GNSS) techniques, where the global positioning system (GPS) receiver is capable of real-time kinematic (RTK) to receive real-time data correction from the continuously operating reference stations (CORS) in different locations. This study will analyze the topographic results at different overlap and sidelap percentages using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The expected outcome of this study includes the comparison coordinates between CP coordinates and ground survey data coordinates, different digital terrain models (DTM), and different topographic maps.
Accuracy Assessment On Point Cloud Dataset from Terrestrial Laser Scanner with Different Objects Surface Properties
Authors: Razali M Hezri , Idris Ahmad Norhisyam , Mohd Nor Tuan Nur Atikah Tuan , Ghazali Rosmadi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Terrestrial laser scanner is the instrument used for generating and receiving point cloud data from the ground either using tripod or handheld. This study focused on identifying the effect of different object surface properties in most standard building materials used towards the accuracy of point cloud captured using TLS that is important for guiding the observer before making measurement. Practically, all the captured data for each surface used the similar aspects in terms of resolution, quality, and point cloud distance using a single scan method. Next, all data processing were processed and computed using FARO Scene, ArcScene and AutoDesk Recap software that are capable to analyse through the reconstructed 3D model. It had been found that cement wall reacts better with the point clouds even the wood expected to give a good result as a few factors had given big impacts towards each of the object surfaces. The finding from this study had identified the reaction of the point clouds on each different object surfaces with various properties varies depending on the roughness, reflectivity strength, colors, textures and type of surfaces that became major indicator to determine accuracy of the distributions and arrangements of point clouds on each surface.
Reconstruction of 3D Building Model Using Point of Interest Technique at Different Altitude and Range
Authors: Ab Aziz A A , Muhammad M , Sulaiman S A , Tahar K N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The essential techniques used in 3D model reconstruction are LIDAR scanning, close-range photogrammetry, and aerial photogrammetry. The aim of this study is to investigate 3D building model results using a UAV platform using different altitudes and ranges. The methodology was divided into four phases. Phase one was a preliminary study and phase two was the data acquisition phase which included flight planning, camera calibration, and image acquisition at three different altitudes; 150m, 170m, and 190m and at different ranges; 180m, 190m, and 200m, respectively. Phase three was data processing whereby the resulting 3D models were generated using five steps which are image masking, image aligning, image dense clouding, image meshing, and image texturing. Phase four contained analyses on the 3D model such as accuracy assessment of the 3D model and analysis on the different altitudes and ranges employed. This study stated that the maximum accuracy was 0.195m without a control point, while the minimum accuracy was 0.123m with a control point. It shows that the 3D model with a control point produced measurements that were 37% more accurate than the 3D model without a control point. In the final analysis, the results showed that the built 3D model resulting from the UAV platform can provide an accuracy of less than 0.200m with or without control points. These findings can be applied to many fields, such as heritage and conservation in the efforts to preserve the 3D model of heritage objects.
COVID-19 Monitoring Application for Malaysian Armed Forces and National Security Council
Authors: Yeap W C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The development of geospatial technology plays a significant role in online sharing of geospatial data and virtual updating. The National Security Council (NSC) and the Ministry of Health (MOH) are the two leading agencies responsible for handling Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia. The government had stringently enforced various schemes and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) to prevent the spread of the disease. As a support, the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM) through its Geospatial Defence Division (BGSP), has developed a Web Geographical Information System (GIS) application using its Defence Geospatial Information Management (DGIM) platform. A collaboration of geospatial data services has been made among government entities and security agencies in providing the latest information on COVID-19. JUPEM has also developed a Joint Common Operating Picture (JCOP) application for the NSC and Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) to strengthen its efforts to monitor and to avoid spreading the virus any further.
3D Integrated Survey for the Study of Archaeological Sites: the Case Study of Euryalus Castle in Siracusa
Authors: Valenti R , Paternò E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present article deals with the results of a recent study conducted by the Laboratory of Representation at the University of Catania regarding the 3D modelling process of the archaeological site of Euryalus Castle in Siracusa. The purpose of the research was to discuss the survey methods implemented in the archaeological field, considering each methodology as a singular or as a multi-sensor approach. Digital integrated survey (range-based and image-based methods) and, in particular, the UAS system (Unmanned Aerial System) reduce the problems connected with the survey of complex or large objects and increase capability exposure thanks to the high quality of 3D photorealistic technology. The traditional survey systems applied to the area around Siracusa and to the archaeological site have been integrated, in the present case study, with UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) photogrammetric survey for the acquisition of nadir and oblique imagery. The research shows that modern survey technology contributes to the digital 3D monitoring and documentation of cultural heritage.
Multi-Level Image Segmentation for Urban Land-Cover Classifications
Authors: Hashim Nurhanisah , Hamid Juazer Rizal Abdul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Variation land-cover features, which include natural and man-made objects, lead to the advent of features that are spectrally similar. Object in urban area tend to have spectral similar response that can easily misclassified from one to another for example in the case of tree and grass as well as asphalt building roof and asphalt road. Object based classification approached instead of pixel based will improved the misclassification yet will increase the accuracy of land-cover classification. Using Worldview-2 multispectral satellite image as a primary data, while normalized Digital Surface Model (nDSM) derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data and indices image, the image segmentation process utilizing multiresolution segmentation algorithm and spectral difference was conducted. Before going through classification process, twelve segmentation levels were constructed to create image objects. Three classification algorithm including Support Vector Machine (SVM), BAYES and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) were choose to be tested to identify which algorithm gives the best classification result of the urban area target. The results from the study indicate statistically significant difference in classification accuracy between each algorithm: Based on Kappa statistics, user’s and producer’s accuracy, as well as visual examination and overall accuracy performance, BAYES with overall accuracy of 85.51% has depicted to have the best land-cover classification accuracy result.
Indoor Model for Walking Environment using Mobile Mapping System
Authors: Ruslan Nurfadhilah , Naharudin Nabilah , Salleh Abdul Hakim , Halim Maisarah Abdul , Latif Zulkiflee Abd 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Walkability is one of the issues to be addressed in the planning of smart urban cities. Although, there is a substantial amount of studies on outdoor walking pedestrian, limited study has been done to address indoor walkability. Therefore, this study discussed the development of 3D indoor model to visualize the indoor walking environment carried out using mobile mapping system. The handheld scanner is used for its convenience to access narrow space and complex building structure. The indoor layout of the building is captured using this system by producing point clouds that represent the indoor environment. The building geometry and facilities are determined by point cloud segmentation to segment the same points into one group. The generation of 3D floor plan from point cloud provided a good visualization of indoor model and walking environment. The extraction of vector walking path is also useful to be displayed with the indoor model to make it easier for the pedestrians. The main objective of this paper is to determine the indoor walking path using mobile laser scanning. The define indoor walking path will be used to calculate the walkability index on the indoor building. Therefore, the calculated walkability index can enhance the walking behaviour by improving the facilities in the indoor building.
Comparison of Watershed Delineation Accuracy using Open Source DEM Data in Large Area
Authors: Shahimi Siti Nur A’tirah , Halim Maisarah Abdul , Khalid Nafisah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The availability of watershed delineation that has been generated from DEM data is difficult to obtain and the accessibility of DEM data which are unrestricted and precise are hard to obtain in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to examine the accuracy of watershed delineation between Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from ASTER and SRTM in Johor State. In this study, free online data sources from USGS website are used to delineate watershed from ASTER and SRTM satellite imageries. The hydrological modelling tool namely ArcSWAT is utilized to delineate watersheds for both DEM datasets. Both DEM data that had been mosaiced using ERDAS imagine and their DEM is generated using ArcGIS. Watershed boundary for the whole Johor State is then being delineated by using ArcSWAT. ASTER and SRTM accuracies were verified using correlation analysis and mean center distance with data from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID). Study indicated that DID watershed area is correlated to ASTER and SRTM at 67.60% and 67.85%. In addition, total mean center distance for ASTER and SRTM are 148.485 and 200.200 where it shows the total mean center distance of ASTER is almost close with DID. The results from this study have successfully indicated that both ASTER and SRTM DEMs are suitable for watershed delineation for Johor State at free and reliable source.
Effects of High-Rise Residential Building Shape and Height on the Urban Microclimate in a Tropical Region
Authors: Jani Darvina Mohd , Mohd Wan Mohd Naim Wan , Salleh Siti Aekbal 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Todays, undesirable urban microclimates are becoming a major global phenomenon. The microclimate that people concern most is Urban Heat Island (UHI). With that concern, architects, planners, and builders are now aggressively reshaping their part in the formation of urban microclimates. Previous studies have found that there are significant relationships between urban geomorphology and urban microclimate. Rapid urbanization and change in urban development trends have produced variation in urban morphology which can also lead to climate changes. This study explores the effects of high-rise residential building shape and height on urban microclimate in Ara Damansara, a newly developed high-rise residential township in Klang Valley. ENVI-met and ArcGIS software are used to perform the simulation and analysis respectively. Initial results have shown that existing triangle building shape is the best building shape towards improving microclimate within the study area. Findings have also shown that the building shape and height contributed to the urban microclimate. The wind direction loses stability with the increase of building height, but the wind speed tends to increase in between the building blocks. Results also show that potential air temperature reduces with wind speed and increase building height. Generally, this present study proves that increasing building height can simulate the wind speed for better microclimate in high-rise residential in a tropical region. Further research will focus on integrating other elements such as building massing strategy to promote wind direction and wind speed to decrease the air temperature in high-rise residential area.
The Use of InSAR for Monitoring Deformation of Offshore Platforms
Authors: Latip Amir Sharifuddin Ab , Balogun Abdul-Lateef , Din Ami Hassan Md , Ansar Andi Mohd Hairy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fluid extraction or injection from reservoirs, which corresponds to subsidence or uplift, can cause offshore platform surface deformation. Extremely large deformation of offshore platforms often lead to production losses, threat to the structure integrity and loss of life. Therefore, preventing severe deformation incidents is important by monitoring surface deformation caused by oil and gas production activities. In this study, the A1 and B1 offshore platforms have been selected as research study areas to detect surface deformation caused by production activities. A total of 12 radar images from TerraSAR-X satellite were obtained from 24th August 2018 to 22nd August 2019 to derive surface deformation through the Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS) method. The maximum amounts of subsidence observed on A1 and B1 platforms were -4 mm/yr and -6.3 mm/yr, respectively. This study provides an important insight the use of InSAR technology for the monitoring deformation of offshore platforms.
Spatial Investigation on Noise Level at Sultan Idris Education University Campus, Malaysia
Authors: Nayan N , Hashim M , Saleh Y , Mahat H , Luyan Madeline Henry , Normelani E , Juhadi J , Khotimah N , Sumunar Dyah Respati Suryo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article aims to identify the level of spatial noise within the Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Campus. This research is based on an exploratory study using quantitative methods and assisted by a geographic information system (GIS) software. The data used are primary data collected in the field based on sampling at 11 selected locations based on the main road intersection in the Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah Campus (KSAJS). Data collected with the help of the sound meter application in smartphones. Sampling time is from 8 am to 5 pm on weekdays. The analysis used is descriptive analysis and GIS regression technique, which is spatial interpolation to identify areas with the potential to experience high noise levels. The results show that some campus areas experience high noise levels in the morning and afternoon during the rush time going/back to/from work. Noise values ranging from 44.8 dBA to 66.4 dBA were obtained. The value indicates the maximum value exceeds the standard by the Department of Environment (DOE)(55 dBA). In conclusion, the noise level at KSAJS is acceptable due to the marginal use of vehicles on campus. This situation is due to a forbidden act to stop some students from using vehicles and maximizing the shuttle bus. This study’s implications are important to be used as a guide to university administrators to maintain noise levels at the lowest level in creating a high-security environment, conducive learning environment, and a more peaceful working environment.
Ecosystem Health Assessment Based On Pressure State Response Framework Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System
Authors: Boori M. S. , Choudhary K. , Paringer R. , Kupriyanov A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ecosystem health (EH) is an important parameter for an areas sustainable development. This research work used remote sensing and GIS based ecological indicators under pressure-state-response (PSR) framework for ecological health assessment. Total 15 indicators were developed, from that 12 and 3 indicators were categorized for pressure and state indicators. Finally derive ecosystem health in Samara region, Russia under PSR framework, which provide an important decision making support for regional sustainable development with highly accurate new technology and can use for regular environmental mapping and monitoring.
Monitoring Urban Expansion And Land Use/Land Cover Changes In Banadir, Somalia Using Google Earth Engine (GEE)
Authors: Hamud A M , Shafri H Z M , Shaharum N S N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes in the Banadir region are rapidly changing because of the increasing interaction of human activates with the environment as the population increases. However, there is no published evidence on this phenomenon. This study used multi-temporal Landsat images (1989, 2003, and 2018) to extract and evaluate LULC changes in Banadir Somalia. Based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, two Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were used and compared, using supervised classification approaches via Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the Random Forest (RF) classifiers. This study shows that the average classification accuracy of SVM is showing the highest overall accuracy of 96.7% (Kappa = 0.946), which is 1.7% higher than that achieved by RF. The analysis of LULC changes in Banadir for the last three decades revealed that the urban area increased from 43.1 km2 in 1989 to 87.7 km2 in 2018, which means that the urban expanded or increased by two folds. Vegetation land cover dropped down from 276.5 km2 in 1989 to 96.42 km2 in 2018, which is a two-thirds decrease in vegetation in the last 30 years whereas bare surface area increased from 93.74 km2 in 1989 to 229.05 km2 in 2018, which is 1.96% increase per year. This study concludes that Banadir has experienced a dramatic increase in the urban and bare surface and a decrease in vegetation for the past 30 years.