bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Self-Care in Diabetics on Self-Insulin Administration and Behavioral Markers Among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Selvarajan Ochappan , Rajendran Kannan , Perdita A. Helen Mary 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a long-term, progressive metabolic disease that is primarily caused by an absolute type 1 diabetes or relative type 2 diabetes, which lacks the hormone insulin. Diabetes education is essential, but patients must fully realize its benefits through action or self-care activities.

Objectives:
The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of self-care in diabetics on self-insulin administration and behavioral markers among adolescents with type I diabetes.

Methods:
This study adopted quantitative research methodology, utilizing a true experimental research design with pretest and post-test phases. Power analysis was used to calculate the study sample of 105 per group. The total sample size of the study is 210; the experimental group consists of 105 members, while the control group consists of 105 members. The study was conducted from 21.12.2022 till 22.03.2023. We assessed insulin administration knowledge through a self-structured questionnaire and level of depression by using the WHO Wellbeing Scale. Levels of anxiety were measured by using the Hospital anxiety and depression scale. After the intervention, post-test 1 was conducted at the end of 13 weeks and post-test 2 was conducted after 25 weeks.

Results:
The study revealed a significant difference in the scores for insulin administration, depression, and anxiety levels between the pretest, post-test 1, and post-test 2 in the experimental group (P < 0.001). In contrast, the control group showed no statistical differences across these time points.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that self-care in diabetics successfully improved the knowledge of insulin administration, reduced anxiety levels, and decreased depression in adolescents diagnosed with type I diabetes.
Triglyceride-Glucose Index and its Relationship to Erectile Dysfunction in Subjects without Heart Disease
Authors: Jayaram Sudeep , Santhosh S , Vaidya Nikhil , Bakerywala Arifa , Anadkat Harsh , Shaikh Heena 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This study primarily focused on evaluating the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in patients experiencing erectile dysfunction (ED) and examining its potential role as a predictive tool in diagnosing ED.

Materials and Methods:
The study involved a cohort of 50 patients diagnosed with erectile dysfunction, forming the study group, alongside 50 individuals exhibiting normal sexual function, who served as the control group. The assessment of erectile function was conducted using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire. All participants underwent the calculation of the TyG index.

Results:
The examination indicated that there were no notable disparities between the two groups regarding smoking rates, alcohol intake, or measurements of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, haemoglobin, creatinine levels, and leukocyte and platelet counts. Individuals experiencing erectile dysfunction were found to be older and exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, and the TyG index compared to the control group.

Conclusion:
I n patients with erectile dysfunction, the TyG index—a simple test for insulin resistance (IR) —was found to be predictive.
Assessing the Role of Clinicopathologic Factors in Outcome Prediction in Subjects Having Oropharyngeal Carcinoma Associated with Human Papillomavirus and Managed with Surgery
Authors: Kumar Harsh , Sandhu Rameet , Upadhyay Ritesh , Aggarwal Aanchal , Rela Rathi , Karthik Sahana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked as a potential risk factor for increasing incidence of oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Aim:
The present study aimed to evaluate the role of clinicopathologic factors in outcome prediction in subjects having oropharyngeal carcinoma associated with HPV and managed with surgery.

Methods:
The present retrospective study assessed data from 54 subjects that were diagnosed with stage III or IV HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma were managed with surgery with or without adjuvant therapy.

Results:
The mean follow-up duration in the study subjects was 2.7 years. The recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates [age, number of lymph nodes involved, stage of tumor, and Charleston comorbidity index] in the study subjects were 83% and 71% and 62% and 79%, respectively. The recurrence rate in the study was found to be 21%.

Conclusion:
The conclusion drawn from the present study is that some associated potential risk factors can have lesser relevance in HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma.
Assessment of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Surgically Treated Oral Cancer Patients after Prosthetic Rehabilitation
Authors: Kumari Rakhi , Raman Nikita , Kumar Amit , Tamanna Humaira Jabeen , Anjali  , Gangadharappa Praveen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Surgical removal of oral cancer results in tissue abnormalities, deformities, and reduced mobility; these problems can lead to esthetic disturbance, dysphagia, dysarthria, and masticatory dysfunction affecting oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Aim:
Research was conducted to evaluate OHRQoL in surgically treated oral cancer patients after prosthetic rehabilitation.

Methods and Materials:
A total of 120 patients who underwent surgical resection for oral cancer were assessed in this research. Two dentists who were skilled maxillofacial prosthetists handled the maxillofacial prosthesis therapy. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), which consists of seven subscales, was incorporated to evaluate OHRQoL.

Results:
The overall OHIP score after prosthodontic and endodontic treatment was significantly lower as compared to pre-treatment OHIP score indicating improvement in overall OHRQoL in surgically treated oral cancer patients.

Conclusion:
There is a significant improvement in OHRQoL in surgically managed patients of oral cancer after prosthetic rehabilitation.
Comparative Assessment of Microleakage in Various Bulkfill Flowable Composites: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Arya Aishwarya , Gill Bobbin , Bishnoi Nirmala , Vishwanadulwar Dishanki , Lakhani Dron , Bhatnagar Aishwarya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim and Objectives:
To evaluate microleakage among three bulkfill flowable composites and a conventional packable composite.

Material and Methods:
60 extracted molars were selected and randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth each (Group A-Control group; G-Aenial, Group B-SDR Plus, Group C-Tetric EvoFlow, Group D-EverX Flow Bulkfill flowable composite). MO and DO cavities of specified dimensions were prepared with margins 1 mm below CEJ. Restorations in Group A were placed incrementally while in Groups B, C and D were bulkfilled (4 mm) followed by a capping layer of G-Aenial. The teeth were immersed in 1% methylene blue dye, sectioned mesiodistally and observed under stereomicroscope.

Result:
Group B showed the least microleakage followed by Groups A, C, and D, respectively. The difference between both restoration techniques was insignificant.

Conclusion:
All the bulkfill flowable composites and incrementally placed composite resulted in a comparable reduction of microleakage.
To Study the Impact of the Establishment of a Forensic Skills Lab to Enhance Medico-legal Skills among Students of MBBS Phase 3
Authors: Sutay Seema S. , Mangeshkar Anil , Gupta Mahesh , Kadam Madhav S. , Mourya Arjun , Usharani Dussa , Chourishi Ashutosh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
: Concerning the link of training via clinical skills practice and skills labs, based on focus, examination shows specific learning incentives to attain practical and theoretical knowledge or manual skills practice.

Aim:
To assess the impact of establishment of forensic skills labs to enhance medicolegal skills among students of MBBS phase 3.

Methods:
The present study assessed 120 MBBS students. DOPS teaching method was used along with medicolegal practical skills via FMSL in MMBS phase 3 after a pretest with subjects divided into two groups that were compared, where Group 1 imparted skills and the other group served as control. Students were assessed with OSPE based on skills. The control group was taught via a skills lab, and feedback was taken via questionnaire validation from expert reviewers.

Results:
Concerning statistical significance in practical test scores, court procedure, MMLC, and VISARA were significantly higher in the FMSL method compared to the traditional method with P = 0.0002, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively.

Conclusions:
The present study concludes that the Forensic Medicine Skills lab has given the outcome expected to impart skills to Indian medical graduates and can be recommended to implement in medical education in Indian legal settings.
Role of Socioeconomic Factors in the Pathological Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Rural and Urban Settings
Authors: Raval Abhishek , Jadav Manan , Vora Maulik , Gohil Ritesh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health issue, affecting millions worldwide. The progression of CKD can be influenced by various socioeconomic factors, which may differ between rural and urban settings. This study aims to explore the role of socioeconomic factors in the pathological progression of CKD in these distinct environments.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 500 CKD patients, with 250 from rural areas and 250 from urban areas. Data were collected through structured interviews and medical records, focusing on socioeconomic variables such as income, education, employment status, and access to healthcare services. CKD progression was assessed using estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and proteinuria levels. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple regression models to identify the relationship between socioeconomic factors and CKD progression.

Results:
The study found significant differences in CKD progression between rural and urban settings. In rural areas, lower income (P < 0.01) and limited access to healthcare (P < 0.05) were strongly associated with accelerated CKD progression. In contrast, in urban areas, lower education levels (P < 0.01) and unemployment (P < 0.05) were the primary socioeconomic factors linked to faster CKD progression.

Conclusion:
Socioeconomic factors play a crucial role in the pathological progression of CKD, with distinct patterns observed in rural and urban settings. Addressing these disparities through targeted interventions and policies could improve CKD outcomes and reduce health inequalities.
Efficacy of New Bioceramic Materials in Root Canal Obturation
Authors: Haridas Hasna , Ramachandran Mookambika , Kishore Drishya , Divakar Namitha , Ajay Aswanth , Joseph Sona 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The efficacy of root canal obturation is crucial for the long-term success of endodontic treatments. Recently, bioceramic materials have gained attention due to their superior biological and physical properties compared to traditional materials.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, 60 extracted human teeth with single canals were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) based on the obturation material used: Group A (EndoSequence BC Sealer), Group B (BioRoot RCS), and Group C (Conventional Gutta-Percha with AH Plus Sealer). All canals were prepared using a standardized protocol and obturated using the respective materials. The quality of obturation was assessed using micro-CT analysis, measuring void volume percentage and adaptation to canal walls. Additionally, apical sealing ability was evaluated using a dye penetration test.

Results:
Group A showed a significantly lower void volume percentage (2.1% ±0.3) compared to Group B (3.4% ±0.5) and Group C (5.6% ±0.7) (P < 0.05). Micro-CT analysis revealed better adaptation to canal walls in Group A and Group B compared to Group C. The dye penetration test indicated that Group A had the least apical leakage (0.5 mm ± 0.2), followed by Group B (0.8 mm ± 0.3), and Group C (1.5 mm ± 0.4) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The new bioceramic materials, EndoSequence BC Sealer and BioRoot RCS demonstrated superior performance in root canal obturation compared to the conventional AH Plus Sealer.
To Determine the Role of Human Papillomavirus in Oral Cancer—A Prospective Study
Authors: Zeeshan Mohd , Khan Asim M. , Sibgatullah Md , Jayesh  , Lanke Rama Brahmam , Ramanarayana Boyapati , Singh Vikas 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been implicated in several studies pertaining to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the last several decades. Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV16 and 18, is the leading cause of squamous cell carcinoma of the neck (SCCHN).

Methodology:
We selected an adequate number of subjects with the same parameters for both the case and the controls based on detailed case histories, specifically taking into account the adverse habits (tobacco in any form and alcohol) that each subject had recorded. The subjects were selected from the Outdoor Patient Department of Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre. Before commencing the experimental procedure, all the subjects had undergone blood examinations (HB%, CT, BT, RBS, HBsAg, HIV). Group 1 consisted of 40 subjects, whereas Group 2 had 20 subjects.

Result:
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) play an important role in oral cancer, and this research demonstrated a substantial link between HPV-16 and HPV-18 and the disease. Although this research does not allow us to draw any conclusions about cause and effect, our results are consistent with and even expand upon those of previous case–control studies. The presence of HPV causes molecular damage in cells, thereby resulting in cell proliferation and malignant conversions. Therefore, we can conclude that the human papillomavirus significantly contributes to carcinogenesis.

Conclusion:
Although the current results are based on a limited sample, they provide strong evidence that a larger study of individuals with head and neck cancer is necessary to make firm conclusions.
Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Different Composite Restorative Materials after Thermocycling and Prolonged Immersion in Common Beverages Using Atomic Force Microscopy—In Vitro Study
Authors: Malik Akanksha , Kothari Anjali K. , Dave Riya , Rao Vinay V. , Vyas Kaushal , Agrawal Deep P. , Patel Kishan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Direct composite restorations face abrupt temperature changes, varying pH, and surface deterioration in the oral environment. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides visual and numerical data on surface roughness.

Aim:
This study evaluates and compares the surface roughness of composite restorative materials after simulating oral conditions.

Materials and Methods:
Three composite groups (n = 16 each) were tested. Group A: Microhybrid, Group B: Nanofilled, and Group C: Nanohybrid. Each group was divided into four subgroups (n = 4 each): distilled water (control), black coffee, Coca-Cola, and Red Bull. After thermocycling and immersion, surface roughness was measured using AFM.

Results:
Nanocomposites with uniform monomodal fillers showed the least surface disintegration and superior properties.

Conclusion:
Resin chemistry, including filler size and matrix composition, is crucial for composite properties and performance under function.
The Perception and Attitude of the Use of Robotics Among Medical Students, Rehabilitation Students, Including OT and PT Students and Specialists, and Healthcare Faculty Members
Authors: Aljefiri Mona , Alhabsh Mona , Alabbasi Manar , Aljehani Suad , Somaa Fahad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have gained much attention during the last decade in the medical field, and they will probably affect the practice of the next generation of healthcare providers.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study used an online questionnaire to assess students’ and faculty’s prior knowledge and perceptions of AI and robotics. It was conducted at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. The sample of the present study includes 374 participants. Data was collected, processed, and statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Data Editors. The level of statistical significance was assumed to be a P value >0.05, which indicates a non-significant difference.

Results:
Most participants were healthcare students (87%) aged 18–24 (84%). Overall, both students and faculty were moderately familiar with AI and robotics in medicine (30.7% and 31.3%, respectively). Both students and faculty wanted to incorporate AI and robotics into their medical curriculum (63.2% and 81.2%, respectively). They saw AI as already present in the field of surgery (37.4% and 45.8%, respectively) and further implemented in the same field prospectively, too (38.3% and 52.1%, respectively). Many participants believed that AI would only be integrated into healthcare and operated by a specialist (79%); however, the majority still favored the physician’s opinion over AI (63%).

Conclusion:
Most healthcare students and faculty recognize the significance of AI and are excited to engage. AI and robotics should be given ample consideration in the education curriculum by enhancing continual training programs for faculty to conduct AI and robotics courses.
Comprehensive Analysis of Intermittent Fasting on Anthropometric Indices, Glycemic Control, and Serum Insulin Levels in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nair Aparnna Unnikrishnan , Nallathambi Naveenkumar , Yogesh S , Murugesan Lakshmi , Narayanan Harini B. , Ranjan Rajiv , Sivakumar Nithila , Ramamoorthy Lakshiya , Arun K 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Type 2 diabetes significantly impacts socioeconomic conditions, with periods of obesity and insulin resistance preceding diagnosis. Fasting, practiced for millennia, offers the potential to manage and possibly reverse diabetes. This study aims to assess the effects of intermittent fasting on various health indicators in obese type 2 diabetic patients.

Methodology:
Thirty obese volunteers with type 2 diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled by metformin alone, aged 20-60, were included. They followed a 16:8 intermittent fasting regimen for four weeks. Initial and postintervention measurements included height, weight, BMI, waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, fasting blood sugar, and serum insulin. Results were compared using the student t-test.

Results:
After four weeks, significant reductions were observed in anthropometric indices and fasting blood sugar, but no change in serum insulin levels.

Conclusion:
A 16:8 intermittent fasting regimen significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels and anthropometric indices in obese type 2 diabetes patients over four weeks, with no effect on serum insulin levels. Larger and longer-term studies are needed to explore long-term effects and mechanisms.
Comparative Evaluation of Coronally Advanced Flap and Vestibular Incision Sub-Periosteal Tunnel Access Technique with Platelet-Rich Fibrin in the Treatment of Gingival Recession Defects- A Clinical Study
Authors: Yadav Nidhi , Singh Manini , Wadhawan Amit , Tyagi Prashant 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
This study aim to treat gingival recession defects in the anterior and premolar teeth of the maxilla and mandible by comparing two methods the coronally advanced flap (CAF) and the vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA), both of which involve using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF).

Materials and Methods:
An age range of 18 to 50 years was examined for the study, which included twenty-four participants. The patients were chosen at random from the Outpatient Department of Periodontology at Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre in Masuri-Ghaziabad, U.P. They were divided into two groups of twelve each, and they were all diagnosed with isolated gingival recession defects on human maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth and premolars. Both Group A and Group B had recession defects covered with PRF membranes; however, Group A had a CAF and Group B underwent VISTA. Clinical parameters measured at baseline, 1-month, 3-months, and 6-months postoperative intervals included recession length, recession width, probing depth, width of keratinized tissue, clinical attachment level, and percentage of root coverage.

Result
Both groups demonstrated notable enhancements in clinical parameters. However, the values of Group B were more statistically significant (P < 0.05) by showing a reduction in probing depth, recession length, recession width, clinical attachment level, and gain in width of keratinized tissue, as well as a percentage of root coverage, as compared to Group A.

Conclusion
The VISTA technique was considered a more conservative approach for treating gingival recession defects with PRF membrane that showed good clinical outcomes and better results.
Pulmonary Function Test: A Mainstay for Evaluating Respiratory Health in Patients Recovered from COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Nehe Sanjay , Taksande Avinash , Ambad Ranjit , Bankar Nandkishor , Obaid Noman 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Despite of millions of people who suffered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, pulmonary functions of these patients are sparsely reflected in the literature. Although few researchers have performed pulmonary function tests to evaluate the respiratory function of COVID-19 patients after recovery from acute illness, the sample size was too limited. The present study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital with an aim to determine pulmonary functions of COVID-19 patients recovered from acute illness.

Methods:
A total of 250 COVID-19 patients who recovered from acute illness were included in the study. Pulmonary function test of these patients was performed; the indices of PFT studied included, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio.

Results:
Even after >3 months of recovery from the COVID-19 acute illness, patients had respiratory complaints like cough and shortness of breath. These convalescent patients also reported to have certain psychological issues like feeling of loneliness, fear, anxiety, and depression. It was noted that all the respiratory parameters of patients even after >3 months of recovery from the COVID-19 acute illness were compromised.

Conclusion:
The pulmonary functions of the patients recovered from COVID-19 infection should be evaluated before discharge of the patient from hospital followed by periodic evaluation post discharge, so that necessary therapeutic interventions can be initiated. Breathing exercises and pranayama can augment the better outcome of these patients. Pulmonary function tests are not only recommended but also are necessary for monitoring of patients who have recovered from COVID-19 infection.