bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of internal bleaching on the reversal of coronal discoloration induced by triple‐antibiotic‐paste or Biodentine use in regenerative endodontic procedures
Authors: Jiménez‐Padilla Juan L. , Benavides‐Reyes Cristina , Viqueira‐Pérez Valentin E. , Martínez‐Verdú Francisco M. , Bolaños María V. , Gonzalez‐Lopez Santiago 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study is to measure color changes caused by two regenerative protocols over 3 months, and the effectiveness of internal bleaching. Twenty extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were used. The apex and canal were prepared to reproduce immature teeth. Teeth were divided: group 1: Triple‐antibiotic‐paste was applied for 3 weeks and then changed for blood until 3 months. Group 2: Blood was inoculated and sealed at cemento‐enamel junction level with Biodentine for 3 months. Both groups were subjected to three sessions of internal bleaching. Color assessments were taken at baseline and at 2 and 3 weeks, 2 and 3 months, and 1, 2, and 3 weeks from the beginning the bleaching phase. Statistical significance was considered at P = .05. Both techniques produce color changes above the acceptability limit at 2 weeks. Chromatic variation caused by Triple‐antibiotic‐paste was intense and progressive over time. Replacement of the Triple‐antibiotic‐paste with blood made the color change more intense and progressive, with significant statistical differences at 2 and 3 months (T4 > T3; P = .028). The internal bleaching technique was statistically more effective in the Triple‐antibiotic‐paste group at 1 week (P = .002). Both techniques cause unacceptable color changes, causing Triple‐antibiotic‐paste more staining than Biodentine. Two sessions of internal bleaching recovered clinically perceptible color in both regenerative endodontic procedures without returning the original color.
Novel approaches on bulk‐loading of large scale spatial datasets
Authors: Kalay Mustafa Utku 
Published: September 2021

SummaryIndex structures that are bulk‐loaded adaptively based on the query workload have been the subject of many database research, primarily in conventional databases holding one‐dimensional data. Similar problems are also valid for spatial databases, and novel approaches are needed in these systems. In this study, we first consider the adaptive indexing approaches in a broad sense and then specifically investigate some possible forms of adaptivity on bulk‐loading of large spatial datasets while retaining some core mechanics of well‐known spatial data structures. In our first design, we examined how the internal configuration of the R‐tree spatial index could be better for various workload properties, such as the workload's average aspect ratio. Our experiments observed that Adaptive Sort‐Tile‐Recursive (STR)‐tree performs better than the original STR‐tree. Our second design, the main contribution of this paper, focused on incremental indexing, another form of adaptivity. We concentrate on the data‐to‐insight latency and loaded spatial data faster within this multi‐stage process. We used the Partitioned B‐tree loaded with Morton codes of spatial objects to achieve this improvement by compromising spatial proximity. Finally, the response time of the first query in our design has been better than using the ordinary STR‐tree index by a factor of 34%.
Exploration of marine bacterioplankton community assembly mechanisms during chemical dispersant and surfactant‐assisted oil biodegradation
Authors: Nikolova Christina , Ijaz Umer Zeeshan , Gutierrez Tony 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAssembly processes in marine microbial communities amended with crude oil and chemical dispersant are poorly understood and even more so when biosurfactants are used. We set up a microcosm experiment in which microbiome structure was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and six null models to better understand and quantify the mechanisms and patterns controlling the assembly of a marine crude oil degrading microbial community in the presence of chemical dispersant or rhamnolipid biosurfactant. Although each null model quantifies different aspects of the community assembly, there was a general agreement that neither purely stochastic nor purely deterministic processes dominated the microbial communities, and their influence was variable over time. Determinism was dominant in the early phase of incubation, while stochasticity was prevalent in the middle and late stages. There was faster recruitment of phylogenetically distant species in the dispersant‐amended community compared to oil‐only or rhamnolipid‐amended communities. This analysis provides important insights of how chemical dispersants and rhamnolipid influence microbial communities' dynamics and identified which groups may be excluded—an important consideration for biodegradation process and oil spill response.
Advances in mass spectrometry‐based glycomics—An update covering the period 2017–2021
Authors: Donohoo Kaitlyn B. , Wang Junyao , Goli Mona , Yu Aiying , Peng Wenjing , Hakim Md Abdul , Mechref Yehia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe wide variety of chemical properties and biological functions found in proteins is attained via post‐translational modifications like glycosylation. Covalently bonded to proteins, glycans play a critical role in cell activity. Complex structures with microheterogeneity, the glycan structures that are associated with proteins are difficult to analyze comprehensively. Recent advances in sample preparation methods, separation techniques, and MS have facilitated the quantitation and structural elucidation of glycans. This review focuses on highlighting advances in MS‐based techniques for glycomic analysis that occurred over the last 5 years (2017–2021) as an update to the previous review on the subject. The topics of discussion will include progress in glycomic workflow such as glycan release, purification, derivatization, and separation as well as the topics of ionization, tandem MS, and separation techniques that can be coupled with MS. Additionally, bioinformatics tools used for the analysis of glycans will be described.
The quality and antioxidant elucidation of germinated flaxseed treated with acidic electrolyzed water
Authors: Huang Shasha , Zhang Haicheng , Qin Xiaopeng , Nie Chengzhen , Yu Xiao , Deng Qianchun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe endogenous fortification of antioxidant lipid concomitants in flaxseed was imperative to improve the oxidative stability of α‐linolenic acid (ALA) in flaxseed and flaxseed oil upon processing, storage and gastrointestinal digestion. The comparative effects of acidic electrolyzed water (ACEW) and tap water (TW) on the triglyceride configuration, typical lipid concomitants, and antioxidant properties of flaxseed were conducted during 0–5 days of germination. The results showed that ACEW enhanced the germination rate of flaxseed by 18.25% and simultaneously suppressed the dynamic depletion of ALA by 5.32% when compared with TW (p < .05). The total phenolic acids, lignans, and flavonoids were effectively accumulated in flaxseed following ACEW‐mediated germination with the further increase by 4.82%, 15.48%, and 8.22% in comparison with those induced by TW (p < .05). The total contents of cyclolinopeptides in flaxseed progressively dropped following either ACEW or TW treatment, a slighter decrease by 5.59% for flaxseed treated by ACEW than that by TW. Notably, the maximum accumulation of tocopherols and phytosterols had been early obtained for flaxseed treated with ACEW for 2–3 days due to the de novo synthesis or intermolecular conformational transition (p < .05). Most importantly, ACEW‐mediated germination led to higher increment of the thermal oxidative stability and antioxidant properties of flaxseed and flaxseed oil in comparison to TW. In brief, the initial oxidation temperature increased by 7.09% and 3.06% (p < .05), and the antioxidant activities as evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP values raised by 3.86%–28.07% and 4.21%–9.18% (p < .05), respectively. These findings clarify that the germination especailly mediated by ACEW could be an effective method to further optimize the nutritional and functional properties of flaxseed through reconstructing the endogenous antioxidant system.
Land‐use comparison of depression‐focussed groundwater recharge in the Canadian prairies
Authors: Morgan Laura R. , Hayashi Masaki , Cey Edwin E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the cold semiarid Canadian prairies, groundwater recharge is focussed under numerous topographic depressions, in which snowmelt runoff converges. Agricultural land uses on the uplands surrounding the depressions affect snow accumulation, snowmelt infiltration, evapotranspiration (ET) and soil moisture dynamics, thereby influencing snowmelt runoff and depression‐focussed recharge. The objective of this study is to compare the differences in hydrological processes under two common land uses in the Canadian prairies, namely grazed grass and annual crop, and examine how they affect groundwater recharge. A short‐term (3 years) paired catchment study was used for detailed observation of hydrological processes in two depressions, supplemented by a longer‐term (17 years) data set covering a larger scale to quantify the differences in snowmelt runoff between the two land uses. Compared to the grazed grassland, the cropland had a shorter and more intense period of ET, and root water uptake restricted to the shallower (top 0–80 cm) soil zone. The amount of snowmelt runoff was greater in the grazed grassland primarily due to a higher amount of snow accumulation, which was dictated by differences in topography. This finding was contrary to previous studies in the Canadian prairies that indicated substantially smaller snowmelt runoff in ungrazed grassland, but was consistent with the larger‐scale remote sensing results, which showed only a marginal difference between grazed grasslands and croplands. Groundwater recharge rates were estimated using the chloride mass balance method for the present condition using “modern” pore water containing tritium. The rates were similar between the grazed grassland and croplands, implying similarity in snowmelt runoff characteristics. These results suggest that groundwater recharge will continue to be focussed under depressions in the future, though the amount and seasonality of recharge may be influenced by warmer winters.
First phase ejection fraction in aortic stenosis: A useful new measure of early left ventricular systolic dysfunction
Authors: Saeed Sahrai , Gu Haotian , Rajani Ronak , Chowienczyk Phil , Chambers John B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn aortic stenosis (AS), a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) <50% or symptoms are class I indications for aortic valve intervention. However, an EF <50% may be too conservative since subendocardial fibrosis may already have developed. An earlier marker of LV systolic dysfunction is therefore needed and first phase EF (EF1) is a promising new candidate. It is the EF measured over early systole to the point of maximum transaortic blood flow. It may be low in the presence of preserved total LV EF since the heart may compensate by recruiting myosin motors in later systole. The EF1 is inversely related to the grade of AS and directly related to markers of subendocardial fibrosis like late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance scanning. A reduced EF1 (<25%) predicts adverse clinical events better that total EF and global longitudinal strain. We suggest that it is worth exploring as an indication for surgery in patients with asymptomatic severe AS.
Activated at home but deactivated at work: How daily mobile work leads to next‐day psychological withdrawal behavior
Authors: Jo Yeseul , Lee Dongseop 
Published: September 2021

SummaryDrawing from the effort‐recovery model and the work–home resources model, we investigate the linking mechanisms between daily mobile work and next‐day psychological withdrawal behavior. Using a recovery lens, we propose that an employee's mobile work negatively relates to state resilience via psychological detachment from work on a daily basis. In light of a work‐to‐home process, we suggest that the focal employee's daily mobile work negatively relates to the spouse's relationship satisfaction via spouse perception of the employee's psychological detachment. In light of a home‐to‐work process, we also focus on state resilience as a mediator that translates diminished recovery and home outcomes into psychological withdrawal behavior. We tested our hypotheses using experience sampling data from 106 couples for 15 consecutive workdays. Results showed that the focal employee's mobile work was negatively associated with state resilience through decreased psychological detachment. On days when the employee engaged in mobile work more frequently, the spouse perceived the employees' psychological detachment as being weaker; moreover, the spouse experienced lower relationship satisfaction. Overall, the employee's daily mobile work was positively and indirectly associated with next‐day psychological withdrawal behavior via psychological detachment and state resilience. The spouse's relationship satisfaction did not relate to the employee's state resilience.
The paradox of building bridges: Examining countervailing effects of leader external brokerage on team performance
Authors: Kim Mee Sook , Methot Jessica R. , Park Won‐Woo , Gully Stanley M. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryLeaders' positions as external brokers in organizational networks—those acting as a bridge between individuals outside the boundaries of their team—can enhance or constrain their effectiveness. Yet, whereas extant research on network brokerage views it as a private good whose benefits accrue directly to the broker, recent research suggests brokering between external communities can serve as both a public good as well as a public liability that can spillover to team members. We integrate network leadership theory with the externalities of network brokerage perspective to examine the countervailing effects of leaders' external brokerage in an information network with peer leaders and executives on team performance. In a sample of 465 team members in 80 teams distributed across 10 sister companies within one conglomerate, we used multilevel structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. On one hand, we found that leader external brokerage was positively associated with team performance through team members' perceptions of organizational support; on the other hand, we found that leader brokerage is detrimental to team performance by compromising leaders' commitment to their teams. Our results suggest that, while leaders are encouraged to forge connections outside their team to harvest social capital benefits, there are both public benefits and liabilities of team leaders' external networks that can impact team performance.
Dietary Pterostilbene and Resveratrol Modulate the Gut Microbiota Influenced by Circadian Rhythm Dysregulation
Authors: Koh Yen‐Chun , Lee Pei‐Sheng , Kuo Yu‐Lun , Nagabhushanam Kalyanam , Ho Chi‐Tang , Pan Min‐Hsiung 
Published: September 2021

ScopeA causal relationship between circadian misalignment and microbiota dysbiosis has been discussed recently, due to their association to pathogenesis. Herein, the possible impact of pterostilbene (PSB) and resveratrol (RES) on the gut microbiota brought by chronic jet‐lag in mice is investigated.Methods and ResultsDietary supplement of RES and PSB (0.25%) are given to 16 week‐jetlagged mice to examine the effects on microbiota and physiological functions. Jetlag significantly induces weight gained that could be effectively prevented by PSB. Both supplements also retain oscillation patterns that found to be lost in jetlag induced (JLG) group, including serum biochemical parameters and gut microbiota. The results of beta diversity suggest the supplementations efficiently lead to distinct gut microbial composition as compared to JLG group. Besides, the supplementation forestalls some microbial elevation, such as Eubacterium ventriosum and Acetitomaculum. Growth of health beneficial bacteria like Blautia and Lachnospiraceae UCG‐001 is facilitated and abundance of these bacteria could be correlated to oscillation of biochemical parameters. Result of KEGG indicates distinct effect brought by microbial re‐shaping.ConclusionThe result suggests that supplementation of RES and PSB could potentially dampen some adverse effects of gut microbiota dysbiosis, and at the same time, re‐composite and facilitate the growth of health beneficial microbiota.
The effect of oral bisphosphonate therapy on vertebral morphometry and fractures in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis
Authors: Nasomyont Nat , Tian Cuixia , Hornung Lindsey , Khoury Jane , Hochwalt Paul M. , Tilden Joshua Cole , Wong Brenda L. , Rutter Meilan M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsGlucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis with vertebral fractures is frequent in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In this study, we evaluated the effects of oral bisphosphonate (BP) therapy on the prevalence and severity of vertebral fractures by vertebral morphometry assessment.MethodsWe reviewed the records and radiographs of patients with DMD who had been treated with oral BP (weekly alendronate) and had undergone routine spine radiographic monitoring for glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center between 2010 and 2017. Study outcomes were thoracic and lumbar vertebral fracture prevalence and severity, assessed by Genant semiquantitative grading of vertebral morphometry, for up to 5 years of treatment.ResultsFifty‐two patients (median age, 11.8 years; 88% prepubertal; 31% nonambulatory) had been treated with long‐term glucocorticoids (median duration, 4.7 years at BP start). Most patients (75%) had mild vertebral height loss or fractures (Genant grade = 0 or 1) at baseline. The prevalence of vertebral fractures at each year of treatment was not statistically different from that at baseline (P = .08‐1.00). Serial radiographs showed no longitudinal change in severity by Genant grade in most vertebrae (64%‐80%). Improvement in vertebral fracture grade was observed in some patients.DiscussionWe observed stable prevalence of vertebral fractures and no change in severity by Genant grade in most vertebrae for up to 5 years of treatment. Oral BP may mitigate development or progression of vertebral fractures and be beneficial for secondary prevention of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis in this population.
Reuse of carbon fiber waste to produce composites with polypropylene. The effect of styrene‐(ethylene‐butylene)‐styrene grafted with maleic anhydride and ethylene‐propylene‐diene grafted with maleic anhydride copolymers
Authors: Antônio dos Santos Filho Edson , Bruno Barreto Luna Carlos , Diniz Siqueira Danilo , Andrade dos Santos Nogueira Jessika , Maria Araújo Edcleide 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCarbon fiber (CF) is a difficult material to recycle, generating accumulation and environmental impacts when disposed of incorrectly. The practice of reuse is being encouraged, aiming to minimize socio‐environmental impacts. The present research aimed to develop polypropylene (PP) composites with CF waste, using styrene‐(ethylene‐butylene)‐styrene grafted with maleic anhydride (SEBS‐MA) and ethylene‐propylene‐diene grafted with maleic anhydride (EPDM‐MA), as compatibilizers. The composites were processed in a mixer and injection molded. The addition of the CF in the PP matrix did not hinder processability, as verified in torque rheometry. Significant increases were achieved in impact strength and elongation at break, especially in the PP/FC/SEBS‐MA and PP/FC/EPDM‐MA composites. Incorporating 15% EPDM‐MA reduced the elastic modulus and tensile strength by 23% and 32%, while SEBS‐MA by 13% and 23%, relative to PP, respectively, due to the increase in flexibility of the composites. When the PP/FC composites were compatibilized with SEBS‐MA and EPDM‐MA, there was a higher level of interaction among the phases, generating a higher wettability, as verified in the scanning electron microscopy. Such behavior was important to increase the crystallinity of the compatibilized composites. The composites thermal stability increased significantly, increasing in 40°C, compared to pure PP. In general, the compatibilization with SEBS‐MA was more effective, generating better properties. As a consequence, the heat deflection temperature of the composites remained the same as the level of pure PP, suggesting good structural stability. The results are valuable for the recycling area, since CF can be reused as a polymer additive to improve properties.
Sarcopenia in young adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Khajali Zahra , Aliramezany Maryam , Jorfi Fateme , Ghaderian Homa , Maleki Majid , Malek Hadi , Lotfian Sara , Khalili Yasaman , Naderi Nasim 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe chronic nature of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) leads to the activation of inflammatory and neurohormonal processes in the body, and there is a possibility of the occurrence of other complications such as sarcopenia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate sarcopenia prevalence in adult patients with CHDs.MethodsBetween April 2017 and December 2019, the current investigation recruited 85 patients from those referring to the Outpatient Adult CHD Clinic. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) was employed to determine body composition and muscle mass. Handgrip strength is usually used to measure muscle strength. The 6‐min walk test (6MWT) and the 4‐m gait speed (4MGS) test were used for the evaluation of muscle performance. The presence of sarcopenia was defined based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.ResultsThe study patients (44.7% male) were aged between 16 and 48 years. More than half of them (48 [56.5%] patients) were classified as severe complex CHDs. Most of the patients (73%) were asymptomatic. The diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia were fulfilled by 24 (28.2%) patients, whereas 15 patients fulfilled two criteria and nine patients met all three criteria for sarcopenia. According to the diagnostic criteria, 32.9% of patients had only a decreased skeletal muscle and considered as pre‐sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was more frequent in female patients (P = 0.02), patients with severe complex CHDs (P = 0.03), those with arterial desaturation (P = 0.001), ones with Eisenmenger syndrome (P = 0.002) and those without a history of corrective interventions (P = 0.03). The 6MWT measure was significantly reduced in the patients with sarcopenia (P < 0.0001). The patients with sarcopenia had also higher haemoglobin and haematocrit levels (P < 0.0001). Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that the body mass index, haematocrit and 6MWT distance could be independently associated with sarcopenia in our study population.ConclusionsThe present study showed that adult patients with complex CHDs have impaired muscle strength and reduced muscle mass with a high prevalence of sarcopenia in spite of their young age.