bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature prediction of heat sources using machine learning techniques
Authors: Durgam Shankar , Bhosale Ajinkya , Bhosale Vivek , Deshpande Revati , Sutar Pankaj , Kamble Subodh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the use of machine learning algorithms, such as XGBoost, random forest regression, support vector machine regression, and artificial neural network (ANN), which are employed for predicting temperatures of rectangular silicon heaters with dummy elements. A combination of these machine learning algorithms can predict better results over individual algorithm. Silicon heaters are equipped on an FR4 substrate board for cooling under forced convection in a horizontal channel. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 software is used for all the three‐dimensional numerical simulations. Heat transfer at the solid and fluid interface is studied using a module based on conjugate heat transfer and nonisothermal fluid flow. Dummy elements are coupled with heated sources to evaluate heat transfer and analyze the flow of fluid. The study is performed with 2.5 m/s velocity and a uniform heat flux of 5000 W/m2. The study is aimed at predicting and comparing results of support vector regression (SVR), ensemble learning with ANN to explore optimal configuration. Results indicate an agreement of less than 10% between the simulated and predicted temperatures. It is also found that SVR has given the best results compared with XG Boot and ANN when analyzed individually. The programming for these algorithms is performed using the Python programming language.
Catchment‐scale observations at the Niwot Ridge long‐term ecological research site
Authors: Bjarke Nels R. , Livneh Ben , Elmendorf Sarah C. , Molotch Noah P. , Hinckley Eve‐Lyn S. , Emery Nancy C. , Johnson Pieter T. J. , Morse Jennifer F. , Suding Katherine N. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley (NWT) long‐term ecological research (LTER) site collects environmental observations spanning both alpine and subalpine regimes. The first observations began in 1952 and have since expanded to nearly 300 available datasets over an area of 99 km2 within the north‐central Colorado Rocky Mountains that include hydrological (n = 101), biological (n = 79), biogeochemical (n = 62), and geographical (n = 56) observations. The NWT LTER database is well suited to support hydrologic investigations that require long‐term and interdisciplinary data sets. Experimentation and data collection at the NWT LTER are designed to characterize ecological responses of high‐mountain environments to changes in climate, nutrients, and water availability. In addition to the continuation of the many legacy NWT datasets, expansion of the breadth and utility of the NWT LTER database is driven by new initiatives including (a) a catchment‐scale sensor network of soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and snow‐depth observations to understand hydrologic connectivity and (b) snow‐albedo alteration experiments using black sand to evaluate the effects of snow‐disappearance on ecosystems. Together, these observational and experimental datasets provide a substantial foundation for hydrologic studies seeking to understand and predict changes to catchment and local‐scale process interactions.
Father–newborn vocal interaction: A contribution to the theory of innate intersubjectivity
Authors: Boiteau Caroline , Kokkinaki Theano , Sankey Carol , Buil Aude , Gratier Maya , Devouche Emmanuel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe studied the timing of the spontaneous vocalization that occurs in dyadic interactions of fathers and their neonates. We recorded 21 fathers speaking to their 2 to 4‐day‐old newborns at the maternity ward and accurately coded all beginnings and endings of paternal and neonatal vocalization, using sound visualization software. Temporal relations between successive and overlapping newborn and father vocalizations were analysed. Results strongly suggest that newborn infants' vocalization timing is related to the timing of fathers' speech and that both newborns and fathers respond to each other within a 1–3 s temporal window, giving rise to sequences of turn‐taking. This study not only shows newborns' awareness of the timing of their partner's expressions but also fathers' readiness to communicate with them right from birth. We discuss the relevance of these findings to the theory of innate intersubjectivity.
Experiences with intestinal failure from an intestinal rehabilitation unit in a country without home parenteral nutrition
Authors: Nikoupour Hamed , Arasteh Peyman , Shamsaeefar Alireza , Ghanbari Fardin , Boorboor Arash , Almayali Ali Mosa Jafar , Shafiekhani Mojtaba , Samidoust Pirouz , Shahriarirad Reza , Shojazadeh Alireza , Ranjbar Keivan , Darabi Mohammad Hasan , Tangestanipour Sina , Hosseini Seyed Morteza , Zahiri Leila , Nikeghbalian Saman 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveFor the first time, we reported experiences with an intestinal rehabilitation unit (IRU) from a country without home parenteral nutrition (HPN).MethodsWe included patients with a diagnosis of intestinal failure (IF) since the establishment of our IRU from February 2018 to February 2020. We further report on our protocols for management of enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs), short‐bowel syndrome (SBS), chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction and motility disorders.ResultsAmong a total of 349 patients who have been admitted, 100 patients had IF and were included . Mean (SD) age of patients was 46.3 ± 16.1 years. Most common cause of IF was ECFs (32%), SBS (24%), and SBS + fistula (22%). Most common causes of SBS were mesenteric ischemia (63.3%) and repeated surgery (22.4%). Median (interquartile range [IQR]) duration of parenteral nutrition (PN) for patients was 32 (18–60) days. The most common reconstructive surgery performed was resection and anastomosis (75.4%), followed by serial transverse enteroplasty procedure (10.5%) and closure of ostoma (7%). Patients were hospitalized for a median (IQR) of 33 (17.5–61) days. Most common complications were sepsis (45%), catheter infections (43%), and catheter thrombosis (20%), respectively. At the final follow‐up, 61% stopped receiving PN, 23% became candidates for transplantation, and 16% died.ConclusionConsidering that most countries lack facilities for HPN, by establishing IRUs using specific treatment protocols and autologous gastrointestinal reconstruction techniques will provide a means to manage patients with IF, thus decreasing death rates and number of patients who require intestinal transplantations due to IF.
Unlocking the potential plant growth‐promoting properties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seed endophytes bio‐inoculants for improving soil health and crop production
Authors: Mukherjee Arpan , Gaurav Anand Kumar , Patel Amit Kumar , Singh Saurabh , Chouhan Gowardhan Kumar , Lepcha Ayush , Pereira Arthur Prudêncio de A. , Verma Jay Prakash 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSustainable agronomic practices are tried all over the world to promote safe and eco‐friendly crop production. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of seed endophytic bacteria and its consortium on soil biochemical property and yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under field and pot conditions are investigated. Both the experimental results proved a significant increase in total soil organic carbon (OC), electric conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), and soil nutrients like available N, P, and K content and important soil enzymes like dehydrogenase (DHA), beta glucosidase, alkaline phosphate, urease, and microbial population in soil was observed under the Enterobacter hormaechei BHUJPCS‐15 (T1), Enterobacter cloacae BHUJPCS‐21 (T2), and combined T3 (consortium of T1 and T2) treatments. Similarly, a significant increase in the grain yield (27–45% and 57–73%) in microbial treatment was found in pot and field experiments, respectively, than in control. In addition, whereas the higher plant biomass (14–38% and 42–78%) was recorded in treated plant over the control plant. Similarly, the plant photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, b, total Chl) were increased in microbial treated plant than the control untreated chickpea plant. Consortium of endophytes were recorded effective result for enhancing plant growth attributes, productivity, and soil health. The consortium can be further used as biofertilizers for sustainable chickpea production. Our present study highlights the significance of sustainable agronomic practices for improving the soil quality and agricultural yield while reducing adverse impacts of chemicals by the use of seed endophytic microbes and its consortium.
Associations of genetically predicted circulating insulin‐like growth factor‐1 and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐3 with bladder cancer risk
Authors: Tsai Chia‐Wen , Chang Wen‐Shin , Xu Yifan , Huang Maosheng , Bau Da‐Tian , Gu Jian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factors (IGF) play important roles in carcinogenesis. The associations of circulating IGF‐1 and insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein‐3 (IGFBP‐3) with the risks of bladder cancer remain unclear. In this large case control study of 2011 bladder cancer cases and 2369 heathy controls, we assessed the associations of circulating IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐3 with bladder cancer risks using a Mendelian randomization approach, which uses genetic variants as instruments to study causal relationship between risk factors and diseases. We first constructed a weighted genetic risk score (GRS) predictive of circulating IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐3 using 413 genome‐wide association study‐identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with IGF‐1 and four SNPs with IGFBP‐3, respectively. We found that higher GRS for IGF‐1 was associated with a significantly reduced bladder cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.66 per SD increase, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54–0.82, p < 0.001). We then used a summary statistics‐based MR method, inverse‐variance weighting (IVW), and found a similar risk estimate (OR = 0.67 per SD increase, 95% CI = 0.54–0.83, p < 0.001). When we categorized individuals into high and low IGF‐1 groups using the median GRS value in the controls, the high GRS group had a 21% reduced bladder cancer risk (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.70–0.89) compared to the low GRS group. Genetically predicted circulating IGFBP‐3 was not associated with bladder cancer risk. In conclusion, our data demonstrated for the first time a strong inverse relationship between circulating IGF‐1 level and bladder cancer risk.
Click preparation and mechanism on amphiphilic oleophobic/hydrophilic behavior of fluorinated diblock copolymers
Authors: Liu Huan , Li Xingjian , Deng Jinni , Pan Yi , Zheng Zhaohui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article, amphiphilic fluorinated diblock copolymers of poly(perfluorohexylethyl acrylate)‐block‐allylpolyethyleneglycol (PF6A‐b‐APEG1200) are synthesized by reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization and sequential thiol‐ene click reaction. The molecular structure is characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Morphology and particle size of resultant copolymer micelles in aqueous solution are analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The wettability and relative element contents of PF6A‐b‐APEG1200 coatings are investigated with contact angle (CA) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). When PF6A‐b‐APEG1200 coating is stimulated by water, the fluorine content at the top fluoropolymer‐air interface decreases and the water contact angle of the surface decreases over time, showing the hydrophilicity. While stimulated by n‐hexadecane, the fluorine content of the film surface increases, showing the oleophobicity with a stable apparent oil contact angle of 72 ± 1°. According to the detailed analysis of XPS results, the stimuli‐responsive behavior of the amphiphilic polymers can be ascribed to the migration and rearrangement of the two blocks in PF6A‐b‐APEG1200, which might probably be one of the universally accepted oleophobic/hydrophilic mechanisms.
Treating early‐stage Hodgkin lymphoma in resource‐limited settings: InPOG‐HL‐15‐01 experience
Authors: Mahajan Amita , Singh Manisha , Bakhshi Sameer , Jain Sandeep , Radhakrishnan Venkatraman , Verma Nishant , Seth Rachna , Arora Ramandeep Singh , Dinand Veronique , Kalra Manas , Mandal Piali , Kapoor Gauri , Sajid Mohammad , Thulkar Sanjay , Arora Ashima , Taluja Ankit , Chandra Jagdish 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHodgkin lymphoma (HL) in childhood is an eminently curable disease. Excellent outcomes can be achieved even in resource‐limited settings and increasingly, the focus is on limiting long‐term toxicity. Contemporary treatment incorporates a risk‐stratified, response‐adapted approach using multiagent chemotherapy with or without low‐dose radiotherapy (RT). Many developing countries continue to use ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastin, and dacarbazine)‐based regimen owing to limited acute toxicity, cost, and ease of delivery. We report outcomes of children with early‐stage HL using limited cycles of ABVD‐based treatment in the first prospective multicentric collaborative study from India InPOG‐HL‐15‐01.MethodsChildren <18 years with biopsy‐proven HL were enrolled. Patients with stages I and IIA with or without bulky disease were classified as having early‐stage disease. Patients were planned to receive four cycles of ABVD subject to satisfactory early response assessment (ERA) scheduled after two cycles of chemotherapy. RT was limited to patients with bulky disease or those with suboptimal ERA.ResultsFour hundred ten patients were enrolled over 30 months from 27 centers. One hundred thirty‐four were classified as having early‐stage disease. Fifty‐three (40%) of these had bulky disease. One hundred ten (83%) of this cohort achieved complete or very good partial ERA. Fifty‐four (40%) received RT. At a median of 52 months since diagnosis, 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) is 94% and 95.5%, respectively. Treatment‐related mortality and abandonment were <1%.ConclusionLimited cycles of ABVD with RT to selected patients is a very effective option for patients with early‐stage disease in resource‐limited settings.
How do spouses of cancer survivors engage with mental healthcare? An exploratory analysis of visit characteristics
Authors: Litzelman Kristin , Choi Hyojin , Maher Molly , Harnish Autumn 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo better understand how cancer caregivers engage with mental healthcare, this exploratory study sought to assess the distribution and correlates of visit characteristics for mental health‐related medical care among spouses of cancer survivors.MethodsUsing nationally representative data from the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey, we assessed the proportion of caregivers who received a mental health‐related prescription or psychotherapy visit across care settings (office based, outpatient hospital, emergency room, or inpatient visit), provider type (psychiatric, primary care, other specialty, or other), and visit purpose (regular checkup, diagnosis and treatment, follow‐up, psychotherapy, other), and the health condition(s) associated with the visit. Logistic and multinomial regressions assessed the predisposing, enabling, need, and survivor characteristics associated with the visit characteristics.ResultsA plurality of spouses of cancer survivors accessed mental healthcare through an office‐based visit (90%) with a primary care provider (47%). One third accessed treatment as part of a regular check‐up (32%). Several factors were associated with visit characteristics, notably the cancer survivor's health status and healthcare utilization.ConclusionsThe findings provide an important reminder of the often‐invisible mental health burden experienced by cancer caregivers and confirm the importance of routine primary care as a doorway to mental healthcare. Assessing how the care recipient's care needs and caregiving itself may act as barriers to specialty care will be a critical future research trajectory.
Cytokine storm syndrome in a young patient with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Daccò Valeria , Rosazza Chiara , Malfitano Anna , Sciarrabba Calogero S. , Minoia Francesca , Filocamo Giovanni , Colombo Carla 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe report the case of a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) presenting with a full‐blown cytokine storm syndrome probably triggered by infection. This condition is rare and the diagnosis can be particularly difficult in patients with a complex chronic disease such as CF. However, timely recognition and appropriate treatment in the early stages are key to avoiding a potentially fatal course.
Population pharmacokinetics of favipiravir in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Irie Kei , Nakagawa Atsushi , Fujita Hirotoshi , Tamura Ryo , Eto Masaaki , Ikesue Hiroaki , Muroi Nobuyuki , Fukushima Shoji , Tomii Keisuke , Hashida Tohru 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe antiretroviral drug favipiravir (FPV) inhibits RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase. It has been developed for the treatment of the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). However, its pharmacokinetics in patients with COVID‐19 is poorly understood. In this study, we measured FPV serum concentration by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and conducted population pharmacokinetic analysis. A total of 39 patients were enrolled in the study: 33 were administered FPV 1600 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) on the first day followed by 600 mg b.i.d., and 6 were administered FPV 1800 mg b.i.d. on the first day followed by 800 mg or 600 mg b.i.d. The median age was 68 years (range, 27–89 years), 31 (79.5%) patients were men, median body surface area (BSA) was 1.72 m2 (range, 1.11–2.2 m2), and 10 (25.6%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) at the start of FPV. A total of 204 serum concentrations were available for pharmacokinetic analysis. A one‐compartment model with first‐order elimination was used to describe the pharmacokinetics. The estimated mean clearance/bioavailability (CL/F) and distribution volume/bioavailability (V/F) were 5.11 L/h and 41.6 L, respectively. Covariate analysis revealed that CL/F was significantly related to dosage, IMV use, and BSA. A simulation study showed that the 1600 mg/600 mg b.i.d. regimen was insufficient for the treatment of COVID‐19 targeting the 50% effective concentration (9.7 µg/mL), especially in patients with larger BSA and/or IMV. A higher FPV dosage is required for COVID‐19, but dose‐dependent nonlinear pharmacokinetics may cause an unexpected significant pharmacokinetic change and drug toxicity. Further studies are warranted to explore the optimal FPV regimen.
Conditions for stabilizability of time‐delay systems with real‐rooted plant
Authors: Balogh Tamas , Boussaada Islam , Insperger Tamas , Niculescu Silviu‐Iulian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this article we consider the ‐stabilization of nth‐order linear time‐invariant dynamical systems using multiplicity‐induced‐dominancy‐based controller design in the presence of delays in the input or the output channels. A sufficient condition is given for the dominancy of a real root with multiplicity at least and at least n using an integral factorization of the corresponding characteristic function. A necessary condition for ‐stabilizability is analyzed utilizing the property that the derivative of a ‐stable quasipolynomial is also ‐stable under certain conditions. Sufficient and necessary conditions are given for systems with real‐rooted open‐loop characteristic function: the delay intervals are determined where the conditions for dominancy and ‐stabilizability are satisfied. The efficiency of the proposed controller design is shown in the case of a multilink inverted pendulum.
Human Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric (DEC) Cell Therapy Ameliorates Cardiac, Respiratory, and Skeletal Muscle's Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Siemionow Maria , Langa Paulina , Harasymczuk Michal , Cwykiel Joanna , Sielewicz Magdalena , Smieszek Jaroslaw , Heydemann Ahlke 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive and lethal disease, caused by X-linked mutations of the dystrophin encoding gene. The lack of dystrophin leads to muscle weakness, degeneration, fibrosis, and progressive loss of skeletal, cardiac, and respiratory muscle function resulting in premature death due to the cardiac and respiratory failure. There is no cure for DMD and current therapies neither cure nor arrest disease progression. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new approaches and safer therapies for DMD patients. We have previously reported functional improvements which correlated with increased dystrophin expression following transplantation of dystrophin expressing chimeric (DEC) cells of myoblast origin to the mdx mouse models of DMD. In this study, we demonstrated that systemic-intraosseous transplantation of DEC human cells derived from myoblasts of normal and DMD-affected donors, increased dystrophin expression in cardiac, respiratory, and skeletal muscles of the mdx/scid mouse model of DMD. DEC transplant correlated with preservation of ejection fraction and fractional shortening on echocardiography, improved respiratory function on plethysmography, and improved strength and function of the limb skeletal muscles. Enhanced function was associated with improved muscle histopathology, revealing reduced mdx pathology, fibrosis, decreased inflammation, and preserved muscle morphology and architecture. Our findings confirm that DECs generate a systemic protective effect in DMD-affected target organs. Therefore, DECs represents a novel therapeutic approach with the potential to preserve or enhance multiorgan function of the skeletal, cardiac, and respiratory muscles critical for the well-being of DMD patients.