bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic intensity assignments for the 2008 Andravida (NW Peloponnese, Greece) strike-slip event (June 8, Mw=6.4) based on the application of the Environmental Seismic Intensity scale (ESI 2007) and the European Macroseismic scale (EMS-98)
Authors: Spyridon D. Mavroulis  , Ioannis G. Fountoulis  , Emmanuel N. Skourtsos  , Efthymis L. Lekkas  , Ioannis D. Papanikolaou  
Published: June 2021

On June 8, 2008, a strike-slip earthquake (Mw=6.4) was generated NE of the Andravida town (NW Peloponnese, western Greece) due to the activation of the previously unknown western Achaia strike-slip fault zone (WAFZ). Extensive structural damage and earthquake environmental effects (EEE) were induced in the NW Peloponnese, offering the opportunity to test and compare the ESI 2007 and the EMS-98 intensity scales in a moderate strike-slip event. No primary EEE were induced, while secondary EEE including seismic fractures, liquefaction phenomena, slope movements and hydrological anomalies were widely observed covering an area of about 800 km<sup>2</sup>. The lack of primary effects and the relatively small surface deformation with respect to the earthquake magnitude is due to the thick Gavrovo flysch layer in the affected area that isolated and absorbed the subsurface deformation from the surface. According to the application of the EMS-98 scale, damage to masonry buildings ranged from grade 3 to 5, while damage in most of R/C buildings ranged from grade 1 to 3. A maximum ESI 2007 intensity VIII-IX is recorded, while the maximum EMS-98 intensity is IX. For all the sites where intensity VIII has been recorded the ESI 2007 and the EMS-98 agree, but for others the ESI 2007 intensities values are lower by one or two degrees than the corresponding EMS-98 ones, as it is clearly concluded from the comparison of the produced isoseismals. An exception to this rule is the Valmi village, where considerable structural damage occurs (IX<sub>EMS-98</sub>) along with the lack of significant EEE (V<sub>ESI 2007</sub>). This variability between the ESI 2007 and the EMS-98 intensity values is predominantly attributed to the vulnerability of old masonry buildings constructed with no seismic resistance design. Correlation of all existing data shows that the geological structure, the active tectonics, and the geotechnical characteristics of the alpine and post-alpine formations along with the construction type of buildings were of decisive importance in the damage and the EEE distribution.
GRAPE, Solar Terrestrial Physics in an operational environment
Authors: Giorgiana De Franceschi  , Maurizio Candidi  
Published: June 2021

<p>[…] The collection of papers that forms this special issue represents the whole amplitude of research that is being conducted in the framework of GRAPE, while also connecting to other initiatives that address the same objectives in regions outside the polar regions, and worldwide, such as the Training Research and Applications Network to Support the Mitigation of Ionospheric Threats (TRANSMIT; www.transmitionosphere.net), a Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) Marie Curie Initial Training Network that is focused on the study of ionospheric phenomena and their effects on systems embedded in our daily life, Near-Earth Space Data Infrastructure for e-Science (ESPAS), an FP7-funded project that aims to provide the e-Infrastructure necessary to support the access to observations, for the modeling and prediction of the near-Earth Space environment, Concept for Ionospheric Scintillation Mitigation for Professional GNSS in Latin America (CIGALA) and its follow-up and extension Countering GNSS High-Accuracy Applications Limitations due to Ionospheric Disturbances in Brazil (CALIBRA), both of which are funded by the European Commission in the frame of FP7, for facing the equatorial ionosphere and its impact on GNSS. The main objective of the present Special Issue of Annals of Geophysics is to collect recent reports on work performed in the polar regions and on the datasets collected in time by the instrumentation deployed across various countries. This collection will set the starting point for further research in the field, especially in the perspective of the new and very advanced space system that will be available in the next few years. […]</p>
Evidence of active tectonics in the Augusta Basin (eastern Sicily, Italy) by Chirp sub-bottom sonar investigation
Authors: Claudia Pirrotta  , Maria Serafina Barbano  , Daniela Pantosti  , Paolo Marco De Martini  
Published: June 2021

<p>A Chirp sub-bottom sonar investigation was performed in the 150 km<sup>2</sup> wideAugustaBasin, located in the eastern Sicily Ionian coast, a region repeatedly hit by strong earthquakes in historical time, with the end of identifying possible evidence of active tectonics. Seismostratigraphy shows two main reflectors: R1, formed between 60 ka and 19 ka BP, and R2 that is the top of the Holocene deposits. Morphobathymetry reveals two marine abrasion surfaces, Ms1 and Ms2 that are related to the 35 ka and 25 ka BP marine high stills, respectively. This study highlights that R1 and the onlapping Holocene sediments are affected by normal and probably strike-slip faulting. A set of NE-SW striking normal faults represents the oldest system, because they dislocate R1 but not the Holocene deposit. NNW-SSE striking extensional faults show more recent activity since they displace Ms2, the Holocene sequence and cause seafloor up-warping. NE-SW normal faults produce asymmetric basins where the Holocene deposits form wedged bodies. ENE-WSW left-lateral faults dissect a paleo-island, Ms2 and the NNW-SSE fault system. Moreover, seismically induced slumps involving the Holocene sediments, are found at the foot of some fault scarps. The presence of slumped bodies and active faults indicates ongoing deformation in the basin. Identified active faults are consistent with the main regional Malta Escarpment fault system, of which they can be considered as the incipient westernmost extension. This study supports the hypothesis that the Malta Escarpment is active and can be responsible for the regional seismicity.</p>
Early warning of tsunami from seismo-ionospheric fluctuation after Japan’s March 11, 2011, M=9.0 Tohoku earthquake using two-dimensional principal component analysis
Authors: Jyh-Woei Lin  
Published: June 2021

<p>Two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) is implemented to analyze the total electron content (TEC) anomalies after Japan’s Tohoku earthquake that occurred at 05:46 on March 11, 2011 (UTC) (M<sub>w</sub>=9). 2DPCA and TEC data processing were conducted just after this devastating earthquake. Analysis results show an earthquake-associated TEC anomaly near the epicenter that began at 05:47. This may represent an extension of the precursor of the earthquake, to the precursor of China’s Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008, detected by the study of Lin [2012], for which the data were obtained at a height of 150-200 km by the FORMOSAT-3 satellite system. It is impossible that such precursor caused by the acoustic shock waves. Another TEC anomaly near the epicenter occurred at 05:53, and this initiated the propagation of the tsunami effect related to the ionosphere through the acoustic shock waves from the epicenter. However, the TEC anomalies did not appear to be affected by a contemporaneous geomagnetic storm and other non-earthquake effects. The propagation of anomalous fluctuation could be an early warning of the tsunami for the regions far from the epicenter as it began to propagate with the higher speed of 3960-4950 km/h than the tsunami speed (720-800 km/h).</p><div> </div>
Historical and recent sea level rise and land subsidence in Marina di Ravenna, northern Italy
Authors: Ines Cerenzia  , Davide Putero  , Flavio Bonsignore  , Gaia Galassi  , Marco Olivieri  , Giorgio Spada  
Published: June 2021

The regions facing the northern Adriatic Sea are particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise. Several trade ports are located there, and the area is important from social and economical viewpoints. Since tourism and cultural heritage are a significant source of income, an increase in sea-level could hinder the development of these regions. One of the longest sea-level time series in the northern Adriatic, which goes back to the late 1880s, has been recorded at Marina di Ravenna, in Emilia-Romagna region. The record is anomalous, showing a rate of increase that largely exceeds that observed in nearby stations. During the last few decades, geodetic campaigns based on geometric high precision leveling, SAR interferometry, and GPS have monitored the Ravenna area. In this work, tide gauge observations are merged with yet unpublished geodetic data, aiming at a coherent interpretation of vertical land movements. We confirm that land subsidence is the major cause of relative sea-level change at Marina di Ravenna, at least during the period allowing for a quantitative analysis (1990-2011). The rate of absolute sea-level change (2.2±1.3 mm yr−1 during the same time period), given by the difference between the rate of relative sea-level change and the rate of subsidence, is consistent with the rate of absolute sea-level change observed by altimetry in the northern Adriatic Sea.
The ShakeMaps of the Amatrice, M6, earthquake
Authors: Licia Faenza  , Valentino Lauciani  , Alberto Michelini  
Published: June 2021

In this paper we describe the performance of the ShakeMap software package and the fully automatic procedure, based on manually revised location and magnitude, during the main event of the Amatrice sequence with special emphasis to the M6 main shock, that struck central Italy on the 24th August 2016 at 1:36:32 UTC. Our results show that the procedure we developed in the last years, with real-time data exchange among those institutions acquiring strong motion data, allows to provide a faithful description of the ground motion experienced throughout a large region in and around the epicentral area. The prompt availability of the rupture fault model, within three hours after the earthquake occurrence, provided a better descriptions of the level of strong ground motion throughout the affected area. Progressive addition of station data and manual verification of the data insures improvements in the description of the experienced ground motions. In particular, comparison between the MCS intensity shakemaps and preliminary field macroseismic reports show favourable similarities. Finally the overall spatial pattern of the ground motion of the main shock is consistent with reported rupture directivity toward NW and reduced levels of ground shaking toward SW probably linked to the peculiar source effects of the earthquake.
New insights in the seismic history of Monti della Laga area
Authors: Viviana Castelli  , Romano Camassi  , Carlos H. Caracciolo  , Mario Locati  , Carlo Meletti  , Andrea Rovida  
Published: June 2021

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>The earthquake of August 24, 2016 hit an Apenninic "border” area, now at the crossroads of four regions, but for many past centuries on the edge of two independent Italian states. The geographic, cultural and historical marginality of this area did certainly affect the level of knowledge available on its historical seismicity. However, the recent publication of the new Italian Macroseismic Database and Parametric Catalogue produces a significant improvement of knowledge, based on the analysis of new sources on two major seismic clusters that characterize the seismic history of the area. Further improvements are possible, but these new data define what are the key issues that research is now facing. </span></p></div></div></div>
A Study of Factors Affecting the Performance of Micro, Small, Medium-sized Enterprises in Indonesia
Authors: Ayu Putri Ragil Andika 
Published: June 2021

This research aims to study the factors affecting MSMEs’ performance in the Malang region and investigate the 0.5% final tax regulation role on MSMEs business in 2019. This study is quantitative research. The author conducted a survey shared to four hundred ninety-six MSMEs in Malang city and region and collected 217 questionnaires. Moreover, the author also collected tax and government regulation, previous research, books, and the internet. This study used Structural Equation Model (SEM) using AMOS 26. The result reveals that entrepreneurial orientation, funding, government policy, and the social and economic aspect affect the MSMEs’ performance. The research shows that government policies are mediating funding in affecting the performance of MSMEs. It also explains explicitly that new tax regulation plays an essential role in enhancing the performance of MSMEs. However, marketing information and external institutions did not affect the performance of MSMEs in the Malang region.
¿El proceso laboral es un debate oral de teorías del caso a partir del cual resuelve el juez?
Authors: Calonge Rojas Roque David 
Published: June 2021

El 15 de enero de 2010 se publicó, en el Diario Oficial El Peruano, la Ley n.° 29497, Nueva Ley Procesal del Trabajo, implementándose así una nueva forma de litigar en el Perú, y con la que se introdujeron dos herramientas o grupos de herramientas que permiten aplicar el nuevo instrumento procesal: la tecnología de la información y las técnicas de litigación oral.
Efectivamente, el uso de la tecnología de la información, puesta al servicio de la administración de justicia, y el uso de las técnicas de litigación oral, como un nuevo instrumento de litigio, constituyen las nuevas reglas de juego, que permiten a los abogados, por un lado, formular sus teorías del caso, a partir de las cuales, sustentan sus pretensiones; y al órgano jurisdiccional, por otro lado, resolver el conflicto, de cara a las teorías del caso expuestas por las partes.
Implementasi Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2011 Tentang Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial pada Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Palembang
Authors: Yofi Yofitri Heny Wahyuli 
Published: June 2021

The implementation of social security is regulated in Law Number 24 of 2011 on Healthcare and Social Security Agency (hereinafter abbreviated BPJS). Although it has been implemented quite well, there are still things that have not been done optimally. This study aims to determine how the implementation of Law Number 24 of 2011 at Bhayangkara Hospital, Palembang. This research method is qualitative, primary data were collected through observation and interviews. Parameters measured based on the policy implementation model developed by Edward III include communication, resources, disposition, and organizational structure. The results showed that the communication was good, both from the socialization and the existence of supporting tools for notification posters related to BPJS. Resources include friendly employee attitudes and courtesy, the services provided are satisfying and the flow is easy to follow. In the aspect of disposition, all implementers at Bhayangkara Hospital are honest, committed, and democratic. Some of the problems that exist are the lack of human resources at Bhayangkara Hospital compared to the number of patients, lack of medical equipment, the BPJS claim process is still inefficient, and the existence of arrears in payments from the BPJS.
EFFECT OF COMMUNITY AND INFRASTRUCTURAL ISSUES ON OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF OIL AND GAS ORGANIZATIONS IN KENYA
Authors: Mobutu James , Nzulwa Joyce , Nzulwa Joyce 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The study investigated effect of community and infrastructural issues on operational efficiency of oil and gas organizations in Kenya
Methodology: This study applied descriptive research design and employ exploratory research to explore the variables. The population of interest in this study comprised of 37 selected entities involved in exploration. The 37 entities formed the study units from which respondents were drawn from community liaison, management, operations, quality and security departments giving a target population of 148 respondent.
Findings: Results indicated the significant and challenging issues faced by exploration organizations are diverse and dispersed in their nature. The exploration organizations have to face the risks whether they emanate internally or externally as they operate or envision to operate in Kenya.
Unique Contribution to Theory Practice and Policy: The study points out that organizational changes should be based on reducing the impact of risk factors and is in line with the postulates of theory of constraints theory that drove this study. This theory is general and useful only as a technique for scheduling intermittent production systems to make operations lean. Operational managers need to visit research papers to ascertain what the contributors to their performance metrics are.
METHOD OF REDUCING PROTEIN LOAD ON BEER WORT BY APPLYING ELECTROCOAGULATION AND ULTRASOUND PROCESSES
Authors: Pushkar A. A. , Shtepa V. N. , Kulakouskaya V. I. , Solovyov V. V. 
Published: June 2021

Beer, like any other food product, has a limited shelf life. Depending on the processes that degrade the quality of beer, there are biological, colloidal, and taste stability of beer.
The article describes experimental work aimed at reducing the protein load on beer wort and increasing the resistance of finished beer through the use of electrocoagulation and ultrasound. It is noted that when exposed to electric current and ultrasound on beer wort, there is a decrease in the mass fraction of protein with an increase in the amount of sediment in the studied samples of unshopped beer wort, which confirms the prospects of using these technological methods for processing unshopped beer wort in order to reduce the protein load in beer.
Outcomes on mesh fixation vs non-fixation in laparoscopic totally extra peritoneal inguinal hernia repair: a comparative study
Authors: Kamal Nahid Abu , Rahman Sanjida , Veerapatherar Keerthanaa , Fernandes Roland 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common general surgical procedure, and laparoscopic approach gained popularity over the open approach. This study aimed to compare the clinical effects of TEP inguinal hernioplasty with or without mesh fixation. The primary outcome was acute post-operative pain.
Material and Methods: A retrospective comparative study on a prospectively collected data was conducted in a large DGH in England between Janu- ary 2017 and December 2019 on 47 patients. The patients were divided into two groups. In group A, mesh fixation was performed with absorbable tackers and in group B no fixation was performed. Patients were followed up to 18 months postoperatively. Data was collected on post-operative pain, cost, recurrences and time taken to return to normal activities. Patients with lower midline scar and complicated inguinal hernias were excluded.
Results: Out of the 47 patients 53% (n= 25) were in group A and 47% (n= 22) in group B. All the patients in both groups were male. The mean postopera- tive pain score at 72h in group A was 7.12 (SD 1.13) and 4.91 (SD 1.23) in group B (p< 0.001). Group B patients have taken shorter time to return to normal activities in comparison to group A (p< 0.001), while recurrence (2%) rate is higher in group B (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: Pain and time taken to return to normal work postoperatively were significantly less in the non-fixation group. The study recommends non-fixation over fixation as it is feasible, cost-effective, causes less post-operative pain and no differences in terms of recurrences.
Acute pancreatitis: predictors of mortality, pancreatic necrosis and intervention
Authors: Prajapati Ramlal , Manay Priyadarshini , Sugumar Kavin , Rahandale Vinay , Satoskar Rajeev 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Several predictive scoring systems are used in the prognostication of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, the quantity of evidence of these prognostic systems in the Indian population remains sparse. The aim of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of such prognostic scores to predict mortality, incidence of pancreatic necrosis and intervention in AP.
Material and Methods: This was an observational study of patients diagnosed with AP between June 2012 and November 2013 in a tertiary referral center in India. Vital signs, biochemical tests and CT-findings were recorded to identify SIRS, Ranson’s score and CT-severity index at diagnosis. Chi square test was used to compare incidence of mortality, pancreatic necrosis, and intervention between mild versus severe acute pancreatitis groups.
Results: A total of 100 patients with AP were treated during out study period. Ranson’s score more than 7 and presence of pancreatic necrosis were significantly associated with increased mortality (p< 0.05). SIRS, CTSI score more than 7, inotropic support, and complications were more frequently associated with patients with necrosis. Prophylactic antibiotics did not decrease mortality, but decreased intervention rate (p< 0.05). Presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), Ranson’s score > 7, necrosis, inotropic support and presence of complications were associated with a greater rate of interventions including surgery and percutaneous procedures (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: We validate SIRS, Ranson’s, and CTSI score as prognostic markers for AP in the Indian population. These predictors, when used in combination, can direct early monitoring and aggressive management in order to decrease mortality associated with severe AP.