bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential determinants of the E/e′ ratio in non‐dialysis compared with dialysis patients
Authors: Hsu Hon‐Chun , Norton Gavin R. , Robinson Chanel , Woodiwiss Angela J. , Dessein Patrick H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimWe hypothesized that arterial function and N‐terminal natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels as a marker of volume overload, relate differently to E/e′ as an index of diastolic function in dialysis compared with non‐dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. We further examined whether cardiovascular risk factors attenuated these relationships.MethodsWe assessed cardiovascular risk factors and determined arterial function indices by applanation tonometry using SphygmoCor software and E/e′ by echocardiography in 103 (62 non‐dialysis and 41 dialysis) patients.ResultsIn established confounder adjusted analysis, dialysis status impacted the pulse wave velocity‐E/e′ relationship (interaction p = .01) but not the NT‐proBNP level‐E/e′ association (interaction p = .1). Upon entering arterial function measures and NT‐proBNP levels simultaneously in regression models, arterial function measures were associated with E/e′ (p = .008 to .04) in non‐dialysis patients whereas NT‐proBNP levels were related to E/e′ in dialysis patients (p = .009 to .04). Bivariate associations were found between diabetes (p < .0001) and E/e′ in non‐dialysis patients, and haemoglobin concentrations and E/e′ (p = .02) in those on dialysis. Upon adjustment for diabetes in non‐dialysis patients, only central pulse pressure remained associated with E/e′ (p = .02); when haemoglobin concentrations were adjusted for in dialysis patients, NT‐proBNP levels were no longer associated with E/e′ (p = .2). In separate models, haemoglobin levels were associated with E/e′ independent of left ventricular mass index and preload and afterload measures (p = .02 to .03).ConclusionThe main determinants of E/e′ may differ in non‐dialysis compared with dialysis patients. These include arterial function and diabetes in non‐dialysis patients, and volume overload and anaemia in dialysis patients.
Effect of mesenchymal stem cells with platelet‐rich plasma carriers on bone formation after rapid maxillary expansion: An Animal Study
Authors: Ebadifar Asghar , Eslamian Ladan , Motamedian Saeed Reza , Badiee Mohammad Reza , Mohaghegh Sadra , Farahani Mohammadhossein , Mohebbi Rad Masoud , Mohammad‐Rahimi Hossein , Khojasteh Arash 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with or without platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) carriers on sutural new bone formation after rapid palatal expansion (RPE).Settings and sample populationSixty male Wistar rats were used in this study.Material and MethodsAll samples were subjected to 50cN of palatal expansion force for 7 days followed by 3 weeks of the retention period. The experimental groups received a single‐dose injection of the specified solution at the time of retainer placement (BMSCs, PRP, BMSCs+PRP, normal saline). BMSCs used in this study were marked with the green fluorescent protein (GFP). New bone formation (NBF) in the sutural area was evaluated by µCT and occlusal radiography. In addition, semi‐quantitative analyses were performed on histology images to analyse the quality of sutural bone, connective tissue and vascularization. Immunohistochemistry analyses were conducted for osteocalcin and collagen type I proteins.ResultsAfter the 21‐day retention period, limited GFP marked cells were detected around the sutural area. Samples treated with BMSCs + PRP had the highest NBF and showed higher expression of collagen type I and osteocalcin.ConclusionInjecting BMSCs + PRP may increase sutural bone density significantly. However, injecting BMSCs or PRP carriers alone did not affect sutural bone density.
The effectiveness of topical forms of dexamethasone in the treatment of oral lichen planus— A systematic review
Authors: Łukaszewska‐Kuska Magdalena , Ślebioda Zuzanna , Dorocka‐Bobkowska Barbara 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe goal of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of dexamethasone compared to other treatments in oral lichen planus (OLP). The literature search used the following inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing dexamethasone and other treatment strategies in patients with OLP. The outcome measures included relief of symptoms, decrement of erosive area size, and changes in quality of life. A computer and manual search was performed in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to January 31, 2021. The risk of bias was measured with the Revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized trials. Eight trials with 131 study participants and 132 controls were identified. The following interventions were compared dexamethasone mouthwash, and 5% methylene blue‐mediated photodynamic therapy, low‐level laser therapy, amlexanox, clobetasol mouthwash, ketoconazole with amitriptyline, and thalidomide 1% paste. The therapeutic outcomes were more advantageous for dexamethasone in comparison with photodynamic therapy (PDT) (2 RCT) and low‐level laser therapy (LLLT). Comparable effects were observed for dexamethasone, amlexanox, thalidomide, and PDT (1 RCT). Clobetasol showed more effective action than dexamethasone. Given the small sample sizes, heterogeneity and the few studies included, there is limited evidence to support the selection of treatment for OLP.
Bacterial spectrum analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility study of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw in Southern China
Authors: Zhu Yue , Liang Jianfeng , Wang Fang , Li Jiaxin , Wang Cheng , Hou Jinsong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveOsteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is one of the most common and serious complications after radiotherapy of head and neck malignancies due to the high incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer in Southern China. Clinicians lack understanding and consensus on anti‐infective treatment in ORNJ lesions. This research aims to provide evidence for rational use of antibiotics by reviewing the bacterial spectrums and antimicrobial susceptibility test of ORNJ patients.MethodsWe collected patient who was diagnosed with ORNJ from November 2012 to June 2019 in our hospital. Exudate or bone unexposed wound surface sampling, agar plates culturing, and susceptibility testing were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used for data presentation.ResultsA total of 219 samples were collected in our retrospective study. The most common cultured bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.10%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.54%), and Staphylococcus aureus (10.94%). Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 5.21% in the whole positive samples. Ticarcillin, Ofloxacin, Vancomycin, Tigecycline, and Meropenem were more susceptible than other antibiotics to treat uncontrollable infection.ConclusionsOur research provided objective evidence for understanding the types of local bacterial flora and drug susceptibility in ORNJ lesions and gave a guiding reference for empirical antibiotics medication.
Identification of melanoma‐specific exosomal miRNAs as the potential biomarker for canine oral melanoma
Authors: Husna Al Asmaul , Rahman Md Mahfuzur , Lai Yu‐Chang , Chen Hui‐Wen , Hasan Md Nazmul , Nakagawa Takayuki , Miura Naoki 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConsidering the importance of the canine cancer model of human disease, as well as the need for strategies for canine cancer management, the properties of exosomes are an emerging topic in canine oncology. In our study, exosomal RNA was isolated and investigated by next‐generation sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in the exosomes of two melanoma cell lines compared with non‐tumor reference exosomes. We explored these potential melanoma‐specific exosomal miRNAs further and found that miR‐143 and let‐7b increased in primary, whereas miR‐210, 708, 221, and 222 increased in metastatic site originated melanoma cells. Further analysis showed miR‐143 and 221 significantly increased in plasma exosomes of metastatic melanoma patients. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity are >85% for differentiating the non‐metastatic and metastatic patients. Therefore, these miRNAs can be an incredible biomarker candidate to identify metastatic melanoma and facilitate a better prognosis.
Influence of gender and sexual identity on adolescent skin health
Authors: Covelli Isabela , Ahrens Kym , Onchiri Frankline M. , Inwards‐Breland David , Boos Markus D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveStudies have identified dermatologic conditions and relevant skin‐related behaviors that distinctly or disproportionately impact sexual and gender minority (SGM) adults compared with their cisgender/heterosexual counterparts, but whether these observations apply to SGM adolescents remains unknown. We aimed to describe the nature and frequency of skin conditions in SGM youth relative to their cisgender/heterosexual peers and explore adolescents’ attitudes toward their skin health and accessing dermatologic care.MethodsSGM and cisgender/heterosexual youth aged 13‐21 years seen at Seattle Children's Hospital Adolescent Medicine and Gender clinics from June to December 2019 were invited to participate in this cross‐sectional survey study, with subsequent statistical analysis.ResultsOne‐hundred and eighteen subjects were included in the study. Sexual orientation did not affect how participants personally felt about and cared for their skin, though gender identity did influence this relationship. (P = .012) Both sexual and gender minority youth demonstrated a preference for a dermatologist who identified as SGM and would be more likely to actively seek care from these providers. (P < .001) There was no difference in the reported prevalence of most dermatologic conditions among groups based on sexual orientation or gender identity.ConclusionDermatologists should inquire with adolescent and young adult patients how their sexual orientation and gender identities influence how they view their skin, in an effort to guide counseling and demonstrate holistic support for adolescents. Therapeutic alliances with SGM youth may be strengthened by providers who openly identify as SGM.
Facial hypopigmentation in skin of color: An atypical presentation of lichen nitidus
Authors: Polcari Ingrid C. , Mancini Anthony J. , Stein Sarah L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLichen nitidus is a benign skin condition of unknown etiology that is classically described on the trunk, extremities, and genitalia as pinpoint flat‐topped papules. In dark‐skinned persons, the lesions may appear shiny or even hypopigmented. Lichen nitidus is less often described on the face. We describe a series of pediatric patients with skin of color who presented with the chief complaint of facial skin lightening and had associated clinical findings consistent with lichen nitidus.
Superimposed linear atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab
Authors: Leszczynska Maria A. , Trainor Megan A. , Henkel Emily , Keeling Brett H. , Diaz Lucia Z. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCommon polygenic skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, may rarely present in a segmental or linear distribution due to cutaneous mosaicism. Only seven cases of superimposed linear atopic dermatitis have been reported to date. Here, we present a child with severe superimposed linear atopic dermatitis and highlight the first successful use of dupilumab in its treatment.
Commentary: Language barriers in medicine and the role of the pediatric dermatologist
Authors: Maly Nancy Cheng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLanguages other than English represent an ever‐growing component of the tapestry of the United States. Studies have shown that language barriers can impact access to care and quality of care, particularly in specialty clinics. Given the additional challenges faced by language interpretation in pediatric settings, the field of pediatric dermatology is uniquely positioned to contribute meaningfully to improving care for families with limited English proficiency.
Henoch‐Schönlein purpura: Another COVID‐19 complication
Authors: El Hasbani Georges , Taher Ali T. , Jawad Ali S. M. , Uthman Imad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhether affecting children or adults, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (COVID‐19) can have multi‐organ involvement mediated by an inflammatory cascade. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is one of the key components of the inflammatory cascade that can lead to endothelial injury and inflammation. IgA vasculitis or Henoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP) has been rarely reported in the context of COVID‐19. In this report, we highlight a case of HSP occurring 2 days after diagnosis of COVID‐19 in a 16‐year‐old boy, who presented with palpable purpura of the lower extremities and buttocks, diffuse abdominal pain, hemoptysis, and hematochezia. He was treated with oral prednisolone with rapid clinical improvement.
Generalized eczematous dermatitis and pruritus responsive to dupilumab in a patient with immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X‐linked (IPEX) syndrome
Authors: Maher Maeve C. , Hall Erin M. , Horii Kimberly A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis case describes a patient with immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X‐linked (IPEX) syndrome with diffuse eczematous dermatitis and severe, intractable pruritus. Despite a bone marrow transplant and immunosuppressive therapy, his skin findings and pruritus persisted. Off‐label dupilumab provided significant improvement and almost complete clearance of the dermatitis and pruritus. This is the first known report of dupilumab being used in a patient with IPEX syndrome.
Metabolomic characteristics of hand‐foot‐mouth disease facilitate discovery and diagnosis of pathogeny
Authors: Zhu Hongwei , Xu Rui , Zang Huanhuan , Feng Jianghua , Shen Guiping , Liu Pei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundHand‐foot‐mouth disease (HFMD) is a significant public health concern, especially in Asia‐Pacific countries. Its diagnosis mainly depends on clinical symptoms. It is easy to miss the source of infection and best treatment period. This research aims to provide a tool for its early clinical diagnosis and for predicting the possibility of complications.MethodsThe serum samples of 39 HFMD children and 36 healthy children were collected for clinical testing and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. Metabolomic analyses were performed to obtain the metabolic differences between the HFMD and healthy children and to speculate on the pathogenesis of HFMD.ResultsThirty‐nine children were divided into severe cases and mild cases. Severe cases demonstrated more obvious inflammatory responses, but no metabolic difference was observed between the severe and mild cases. The metabolic differences between HFMD and healthy children were noticeable. Ten differential metabolites were screened out as the potential biomarkers for HFMD, and seven disturbed metabolic pathways responsible for HFMD were affected by inflammation, impaired intestinal absorptive function, and immune response.ConclusionsOur results will provide a complementary tool for the early diagnosis of HFMD and potential ideas for later treatment.
A clinical study of carbon dioxide lattice laser–assisted or microneedle‐assisted 5‐aminolevulinic acid–based photodynamic therapy for the treatment of hypertrophic acne scars
Authors: Yan Dongmei , Zhao Hongyi , Li Chenxi , Xia Aiting , Zhang Jiaojiao , Zhang Si , Yun Qing , Li Xiaoxin , Huang Feng , Tian Yan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo study the clinical efficacy, recurrence rate and safety of 5‐aminolevulinic acid–based photodynamic therapy (ALA‐PDT) combined with microneedle or CO2 lattice laser (CO2FL), in comparison with intrascar betamethasone injection in the treatment of hypertrophic acne scar.MethodsFifty‐two patients with hypertrophic acne scars at the mandibular angle were enrolled and assigned to different therapy groups. Sixteen patients were treated with microneedle‐assisted incorporation of ALA. Twenty‐eight patients underwent CO2FL‐assisted incorporation of ALA. Eight patients received standard therapy with intrascar injection of glucocorticoid. Two dermatologists, blinded to the therapy groups, independently evaluated the scars in all patients using the average value of the Vancouver Scar Scale score, which was treated as an integer variable.ResultsAfter three rounds of treatment, there was no significant difference in therapeutic effective rate among the microneedle, laser and topical glucocorticoid groups (93.75% vs 100% vs 100%, P = .855). One out of 16 patients (6.25%) in the microneedle group, no patient (0%) in the laser group and two out of eight patients (25%) in the topical glucocorticoid group had recurrence. The laser group showed a higher rate of adverse effects, which were usually mild and reversible, except for pigmentation. Adverse reactions could be completely subsided within 3 weeks.ConclusionsEither CO2FL or microneedle combined ALA‐PDT for hypertrophic scar, as to topical glucocorticoid therapy, showed equivalent clinical effects but lower recurrence rate within 6 months of follow‐up period.
Canine‐specific tail‐in, head‐out sperm agglutination
Authors: Brown G.J. , Nöthling J.O. , De Cramer K.G.M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn interesting pattern of tail‐in, head‐out sperm agglutination was identified in a Brucella canis seronegative subfertile dog. Centrifuged seminal plasma from this dog could induce a similar pattern of agglutination in six other dogs, but not in ejaculates from a single stallion and two rams. The agglutination pattern was short‐lived and appeared to depend on motility of spermatozoa, although intensity of agglutination may have been affected by concentration of agglutinating factor.
Vector‐valued generalized Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes: Properties and parameter estimation
Authors: Voutilainen Marko , Viitasaari Lauri , Ilmonen Pauliina , Torres Soledad , Tudor Ciprian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGeneralizations of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process defined through Langevin equations, such as fractional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes, have recently received a lot of attention. However, most of the literature focuses on the one‐dimensional case with Gaussian noise. In particular, estimation of the unknown parameter is widely studied under Gaussian stationary increment noise. In this article, we consider estimation of the unknown model parameter in the multidimensional version of the Langevin equation, where the parameter is a matrix and the noise is a general, not necessarily Gaussian, vector‐valued process with stationary increments. Based on algebraic Riccati equations, we construct an estimator for the parameter matrix. Moreover, we prove the consistency of the estimator and derive its limiting distribution under natural assumptions. In addition, to motivate our work, we prove that the Langevin equation characterizes essentially all multidimensional stationary processes.
Understanding and predicting the spatio‐temporal spread of COVID‐19 via integrating diffusive graph embedding and compartmental models
Authors: Zhang Tong , Li Jing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn order to find useful intervention strategies for the novel coronavirus (COVID‐19), it is vital to understand how the disease spreads. In this study, we address the modeling of COVID‐19 spread across space and time, which facilitates understanding of the pandemic. We propose a hybrid data‐driven learning approach to capture the mobility‐related spreading mechanism of infectious diseases, utilizing multi‐sourced mobility and attributed data. This study develops a visual analytic approach that identifies and depicts the strength of the transmission pathways of COVID‐19 between areal units by integrating data‐driven deep learning and compartmental epidemic models, thereby engaging stakeholders (e.g., public health officials, managers from transportation agencies) to make informed intervention decisions and enable public messaging. A case study in the state of Colorado, USA was performed to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed transmission modeling approach in understanding the spatio‐temporal spread of COVID‐19 at the neighborhood level. Transmission path maps are presented and analyzed, demonstrating their utility in evaluating the effects of mitigation measures. In addition, integrated embeddings also support daily prediction of infected cases and role analysis of each area unit during the transmission of the virus.
From consistency to flexibility: A simplified database schema for the management of CityJSON 3D city models
Authors: Nys Gilles‐Antoine , Billen Roland 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe use of 3D city models is now common practice; many large cities have their own digital model. Resilient and sustainable management of these models is necessary in many cases, where an application could evolve over its lifecycle. The complexity of generic modeling standardization is often a limitation for a light and user‐friendly usage and further developments. This article aims to propose an alternative, providing a simplified database schema implemented in document‐oriented storage. Thanks to the use of the NoSQL store, the focus is on flexibility of the data schemas and thus its clarification. In order to aim attention at the compactness in web development, CityJSON has been chosen for the encoding of the 3D city models. Finally, a full‐stack application (persistent storage, consistent edition, and visualization of 3D city models) has been developed to handle the simplified schema and illustrates its capabilities in two practical use cases.
Characterization of C‐26 aminotransferase, indispensable for steroidal glycoalkaloid biosynthesis
Authors: Nakayasu Masaru , Umemoto Naoyuki , Akiyama Ryota , Ohyama Kiyoshi , Lee Hyoung J. , Miyachi Haruka , Watanabe Bunta , Muranaka Toshiya , Saito Kazuki , Sugimoto Yukihiro , Mizutani Masaharu 
Published: July 2021

SUMMARYSteroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are toxic specialized metabolites found in members of the Solanaceae, such as Solanum tuberosum (potato) and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). The major potato SGAs are α‐solanine and α‐chaconine, which are biosynthesized from cholesterol. Previously, we have characterized two cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and a 2‐oxoglutarate‐dependent dioxygenase that function in hydroxylation at the C‐22, C‐26 and C‐16α positions, but the aminotransferase responsible for the introduction of a nitrogen moiety into the steroidal skeleton remains uncharacterized. Here, we show that PGA4 encoding a putative γ‐aminobutyrate aminotransferase is involved in SGA biosynthesis in potatoes. The PGA4 transcript was expressed at high levels in tuber sprouts, in which SGAs are abundant. Silencing the PGA4 gene decreased potato SGA levels and instead caused the accumulation of furostanol saponins. Analysis of the tomato PGA4 ortholog, GAME12, essentially provided the same results. Recombinant PGA4 protein exhibited catalysis of transamination at the C‐26 position of 22‐hydroxy‐26‐oxocholesterol using γ‐aminobutyric acid as an amino donor. Solanum stipuloideum (PI 498120), a tuber‐bearing wild potato species lacking SGA, was found to have a defective PGA4 gene expressing the truncated transcripts, and transformation of PI 498120 with functional PGA4 resulted in the complementation of SGA production. These findings indicate that PGA4 is a key enzyme for transamination in SGA biosynthesis. The disruption of PGA4 function by genome editing will be a viable approach for accumulating valuable steroidal saponins in SGA‐free potatoes.