bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric palliative care: data of the first 13 months of operation
Authors: ÖZTEK ÇELEBİ Fatma Zehra , ŞAHİN Şanlıay 
Published: September 2021

Aim: Children with complex chronic conditions are main candidates for pediatric palliative care (PPC). Despite the proven advantages of palliative care for these children, the literature lacks on the adequate description of the pediatric population receiving this care. The aim of this study was to describe demographic characteristics of the patients, to examine the patient survival and the factors affecting patient survival. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the cohort of children and adolescents on PPC in Turkey.
Materials and methods: This retrospective chart review study examined patients receiving palliative care at University of Health Sciences, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital between 2.12.2019 and 31.12.2020. The data of demographics, underlying diagnosis, medical technology dependence, symptoms at admission, number of hospitalizations, number of emergency department (ED) admissions were collected.
Results: 70 male and 66 female patients were admitted 259 times during the observation period. The median length of hospital stay was 7 days. Median age at referral was 44 months (range:2.7-215). Fifty-one patients (37.5%) were younger than 2 years of age. Neurological diseases were the most prevalent disease group. 56 of our patients (41%) had a tracheostomy. 82 patients (60.3%) needed respiratory support. Fifty of them were ventilated through home-type mechanical ventilator. Only 28 patients (20.6%) could be fed through oral route. Nasogastric tube (n=84, 61.8%) was the main device used by children who needed nutritional support. 52% of patients were referred from ED. Most prevalent symptoms of the patients at admission were dyspnea and tachypnea. 151 of the patients (58.3%) were diagnosed with infection, the most common infection was lower respiratory tract infection (n=103, 39.8%). Of 259 PPC center admissions 224 (86.5%) were discharged to home. Twenty-seven children (20%) died during study period. Nineteen of deceased patients died in intensive care unit (70%). The 1-year survival rate of the patients was 78.1%. In logistic regression analysis the risk of death was 3.4 times higher in patients ≤2 years of age (CI: 1.4-8.8, p=0.01) and in patients with respiratory support (CI: 1.1-11.0, p=0.04).
Conclusion: Describing the cohort of patients on PPC provides important information on the complexity of their disease process, types of their illnesses, medical technology dependence, re-admission rates, mortality status and factors affecting mortality. Important research has been done but pediatric palliative care is still in infancy in Turkey. Future prospective research is needed to understand the unique challenges of PPC.
Perbaikan Ruang Penunjang Kegiatan Mushola Di Kampung Lio, Cipayung, Jawa Barat
Authors: Nurwidyaningrum Dyah , Sarito Sarito , Khairas Eri Ester 
Published: September 2021

Memperbaiki Mushola Al Khoiriyah di Kampung Lio adalah satu kegiatan sehingga keberadaan mushola tersebut lebih layak digunakan sebagai prasarana beribadah umat muslim di lingkungan RT.05/RW.09, Kelurahan Bojong Pondok Terong, Kecamatan Cipayung, Kota Depok. Terutama ketika musholla digunakan shalat tarawih pada bulan Ramadhan. Pada kegiatan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat kali ini untuk Prodi Konstruksi Gedung Politeknik Negeri Jakarta memperbaiki ruang penunjang mushola terutama perbaikan tempat wudhu dan toilet. Lingkup pekerjaan pada perbaikan dinding penahan tanah dan lantai tempat wudhu dan toilet. Dengan selesainya pekerjaan perbaikan tersebut, akan tersedia prasarana Mushola yang dapat meningkatkan ketakwaan serta keimanan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa di lokasi yang dimaksud. Target khusus dari kegiatan ini adalah menyempurnakan fasilitas fisik mushola Al Khoiriyah di Kampung Lio, RT.05/RW.09, Kelurahan Bojong Pondok Terong, Kecamatan Cipayung, Kota Depok. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan di atas adalah Tim pengabdian masyarakat Program Studi Konstruksi Gedung, Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta bekerjasama dengan warga secara bergotong royong melakukan perbaikan mushola tersebut. Kegiatan ini direncanakan selesai dalam waktu 2 bulan.
Pemberdayaan Pemuda Putus Sekolah Pulo Geulis Melalui Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pemasangan Instalasi Listrik
Authors: S Anik Tjandra , Danaryani Sri , Wardono Silo , Isdawimah Isdawimah 
Published: September 2021

Kampung Pulo Geulis memiliki topografi yang indah diapit dua aliran sungai dengan masyarakat beraneka ragam yang dihuni oleh etnis tionghoa dan sunda. Wilayah ini sangat padat penduduknya. Sebagian besar lahan sudah dibangun rumah dengan pemasangan instalasi listrik belum sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ada, hal ini disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang listrik. Kondisi seperti ini dapat mengakibatkan bahaya baik terhadap keselamatan rumah, lingkungan dan terhadap keselamatan manusia itu sendiri. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang bahaya listrik, cara mencegahnya, dan memasang instalasi listrik yang sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku pada Persyaratan Umum Instalasi Listrik (PUIL). Bentuk kegiatannya adalah penyuluhan, pelatihan dan praktek pemasangan instalasi listrik kepada pemuda putus sekolah. Materi yang diberikan antara lain : sambungan kabel, loop kabel dan pemasangan kabel, instalasi box sekering, saklar tunggal dan saklar seri serta merangkai lampu, instalasi saklar, dan instalasi saklar hotel dan stop kontak. Dengan adanya kegiatan ini, pemuda putus sekolah mampu memasang dan merawat instalasi listrik di rumah dan lingkungan agar berfungsi dengan baik dan aman. Selain itu keterampilan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai modal untuk membuka usaha di bidang instalasi listrik sehingga dapat menumbuhkan ekonomi mandiri bagi mereka. Meningkatnya perekonomian mereka maka lingkungan ini bisa tertata dengan baik sehingga dapat dikembangkan menjadi kampung wisata unggulan di kota Bogor.
Psicosis en el embarazo y posparto, manejo actual. Revision bibliografica
Authors: Salazar Flores Diana Estefania , Salazar Flores Juan Carlos , Salazar Robalino Paul Roberto , Suquilanda Toapanta Johanna Estefanía 
Published: September 2021

Introducción. La enfermedad mental en un desafío para la medicina, ya que el médico debe confiar en lo que le dice el paciente ya que no hay signos visibles para llegar a un diagnóstico. Es necesario la mejor opción terapéutica para tratar la patología psiquiátrica en torno a la gestación sin con ello perjudicar ni el desarrollo de la misma ni la salud propia de la mujer. De igual manera es poder tener directrices de manejo para las mujeres que desarrollan psicosis en el periodo puerperal en aras de mantener una adecuada calidad de vida tanto para la madre como para el neonato y sus familias; no se ha establecido un protocolo adecuado de manejo y más aún personalizado para aquellas pacientes gestantes y puérperas que declinan en su estado mental conllevando a establecer una patología psiquiátrica que sin un seguimiento adecuado desencadena en un grave problema de salud. El objetivo principal es reconocer con prontitud los diferentes trastornos de psicosis durante el embarazo y posparto poder dar su tratamiento adecuado, ya que en nuestro medio es muy tomado a la ligera por los profesionales no psiquiátricos e iniciar así una concientización a los médicos generales de la problemática actual de ámbito no orgánico, sino mental de los pacientes. La metodología del presente trabajo investigativo se realiza en torno a revisiones bibliográfica en la literatura médica sobre la repercusión psiquiátrica que se presenta en determinados gestantes así como en madres en periodo puerperal inmediato, mediato y tardío. Resultados. Síndrome de estrés postraumático muestra una prevalencia de 1 %, aparece entre las 24 y 48 horas después de un parto dificultoso. Depresión del puerperio hay una prevalencia de 50-70 % o incluso 80 % de los nacimientos al tercer día del posparto, pero no suele superar la semana. Depresión posparto entre 10-15 % de las mujeres en los 2- 3 primeros meses luego del parto. Psicosis posparto se presenta en alrededor de 1-2 por cada 1 000 nacimientos, aunque otros autores determinan 3 por cada 1 000.
Abu Ishaq Al-Syathibi and His Perspective on Maslahat
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad , Iskandar Azwar 
Published: September 2021

This study aims to find out: (i) the position of Abu Ishaq al-Syathibi as a fiqh scholar al-maqāṣid; and (ii) the concept of maslahat in the perspective of Abu Isha al-Syathibi. This research is qualitative descriptive research with library research techniques through historical and sociological approach. The results found that al-Syathibi's ability as a reformer in the realm of uṣūl al-fiqh was very clear in his role in performing new formulations of the theory of al-maqāṣid and managed to open the views of the scholars afterwards to further examine this issue. Al-Shatibi's view of maslahat cannot be separated from his view of al-maqāṣid, especially when he divides the al-maqāṣid into two major parts: those relating to maqāṣid al-syarī'ah and those relating to maqāṣid al-mukallafīn.
Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5 Protects Against Cardiac Rupture and Improves Cardiac Function Through Inhibiting Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Huang Xin , Yan Yan , Zheng Wen , Ma Youcai , Wang Xiao , Gong Wei , Nie Shaoping 
Published: September 2021

Background: Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (Sfrp5) has been suggested to be a protective regulatory protein in coronary heart disease. However, the role of Sfrp5 in regulating ischemic injury and its consequences is not known. The aim of our study was to explore the effects of Sfrp5 on hearts after myocardial infarction (MI) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.Methods and Results: We found that Sfrp5 was downregulated over time in the heart tissue of MI mice. To further elucidate the role of Sfrp5 during MI, we established a cardiac overexpression of an Sfrp5 mouse model using the cardiotropic adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9). Overexpression of Sfrp5 significantly reduced infarct size as demonstrated by a decrease in mortality owing to cardiac rupture. Moreover, cardiac overexpression of Sfrp5 increased left ventricular function and mitochondrial biogenesis, decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, suppressed inflammation reaction, inhibited oxidative stress, and ameliorated cardiac remodeling as demonstrated by left ventricular ejection fraction, mitochondrial morphology, heart weight, NADH oxidase activity levels, and myocardial fibrosis at 2 weeks post-MI. At the molecular level, overexpression of Sfrp5 significantly increased the expression of p-AMPKThr172 protein with higher expression of mitochondrial fusion protein (MFN1 and MFN2) and lower expression of mitochondrial fission protein (p-Drp1Ser616/Mid49/MFF/Fis-1). In isolated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, Sfrp5 treatment attenuated hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Inhibition of AMPK activity with compound C abrogated this benefit.Conclusions: Sfrp5 overexpression inhibits ischemic injury, reduces risk of cardiac rupture, ameliorates post-MI remodeling, and decreases the progression to heart failure via disrupting mitochondrial dysfunction and partly through normalizing the AMPK activity.
Imaging-Based Body Fat Distribution in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Shiqin , Li Zeyan , Hu Cuiping , Sun Fengxuan , Wang Chunling , Yuan Haitao , Li Yan 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundWomen with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are generally considered to be central obese and at higher risks of metabolic disturbances. Imaging methods are the golden standards for detecting body fat distribution. However, evidence based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) is conflicting. This study systematically reviewed the imaging-based body fat distribution in PCOS patients and quantitatively evaluated the difference in body fat distribution between PCOS and BMI-matched controls.MethodsPUBMED, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched up to December 2019, and studies quantitatively compared body fat distribution by MRI, CT, ultrasound, or X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) between women with PCOS and their BMI-matched controls were included. Two researchers independently reviewed the articles, extract data and evaluated the study quality based on Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Results47 studies were included in systematic review and 39 were eligible for meta-analysis. Compared to BMI-matched controls, higher accumulations of visceral fat (SMD 0.41; 95%CI: 0.23-0.59), abdominal subcutaneous fat (SMD 0.31; 95%CI: 0.20-0.41), total body fat (SMD 0.19; 95% CI: 0.06-0.32), trunk fat (SMD 0.47; 95% CI: 0.17-0.77), and android fat (SMD 0. 36; 95% CI: 0.06-0.66) were identified in PCOS group. However, no significant difference was identified in all the above outcomes in subgroups only including studies using golden standards MRI or CT to evaluate body fat distribution (SMD 0.19; 95%CI: -0.04-0.41 for visceral fat; SMD 0.15; 95%CI: -0.01-0.31 for abdominal subcutaneous fat). Moreover, meta-regression and subgroup analyses showed that young and non-obese patients were more likely to accumulate android fat.ConclusionsPCOS women seem to have abdominal fat accumulation when compared with BMI-matched controls. However, MRI- and CT- assessed fat distribution was similar between PCOS and controls, suggesting central obesity may be independent of PCOS. These findings will help us reappraise the relationship between PCOS and abnormal fat deposition and develop specialized lifestyle interventions for PCOS patients.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42018102983.
Effect of Basal Metabolic Rate on Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Ng Jack C. M. , Schooling C. Mary 
Published: September 2021

Background: Basal metabolic rate is associated with cancer, but these observations are open to confounding. Limited evidence from Mendelian randomization studies exists, with inconclusive results. Moreover, whether basal metabolic rate has a similar role in cancer for men and women independent of insulin-like growth factor 1 increasing cancer risk has not been investigated.Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study using summary data from the UK Biobank to estimate the causal effect of basal metabolic rate on cancer. Overall and sex-specific analysis and multiple sensitivity analyses were performed including multivariable Mendelian randomization to control for insulin-like growth factor 1.Results: We obtained 782 genetic variants strongly (p-value &lt; 5 × 10–8) and independently (r2 &lt; 0.01) predicting basal metabolic rate. Genetically predicted higher basal metabolic rate was associated with an increase in cancer risk overall (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.10) with similar estimates by sex (odds ratio for men, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.002–1.14; odds ratio for women, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.995–1.12). Sensitivity analyses including adjustment for insulin-like growth factor 1 showed directionally consistent results.Conclusion: Higher basal metabolic rate might increase cancer risk. Basal metabolic rate as a potential modifiable target of cancer prevention warrants further study.
Identification of Key Regulators of Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Integrating Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing Data
Authors: Chen Guolin , Zhang Wei , Ben Yiran 
Published: September 2021

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite recent advances in the understanding of the biological basis of HCC development, the molecular mechanisms underlying HCV-induced HCC (HCC-HCV) remain unclear. The carcinogenic potential of HCV varies according to the genotype and mutation in its viral sequence. Moreover, regulatory pathways play important roles in many pathogenic processes. Therefore, identifying the pathways by which HCV induces HCC may enable improved HCC diagnosis and treatment.Methods: We employed a systematic approach to identify an important regulatory module in the process of HCV-HCC development to find the important regulators. First, an HCV-related HCC subnetwork was constructed based on the gene expression in HCC-HCV patients and HCC patients. A priority algorithm was then used to extract the module from the subnetworks, and all the regulatory relationships of the core genes of the network were extracted. Integrating the significantly highly mutated genes involved in the HCC-HCV patients, core regulatory modules and key regulators related to disease prognosis and progression were identified.Result: The key regulatory genes including EXO1, VCAN, KIT, and hsa-miR-200c-5p were found to play vital roles in HCV-HCC development. Based on the statistics analysis, EXO1, VCAN, and KIT mutations are potential biomarkers for HCV–HCC prognosis at the genomic level, whereas has-miR-200c-5P is a potential biomarker for HCV–HCC prognosis at the expression level.Conclusion: We identified three significantly mutated genes and one differentially expressed miRNA, all related to HCC prognosis. As potential pathogenic factors of HCC, these genes and the miRNA could be new biomarkers for HCV-HCC diagnosis.
Human Mitochondrial Ribosomal RNA Modification-Based Classification Contributes to Discriminate the Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response of Glioma Patients
Authors: Wang Peng , Li Jingying , Wu Miaojing , Ye Minghua , Huang Kai , Zhu Xingen 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundEpigenetic regulations of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunotherapy have been investigated in recent years. Nevertheless, the potential value of mitochondrial ribosomal RNA (mt-rRNA) modification in regulation of the TME and immunotherapy remains unknown.MethodsWe comprehensively investigated the mt-rRNA-modification patterns in glioma patients based on nine regulators of mt-rRNA. Subsequently, these modification patterns were correlated systematically with immunologic characteristics and immunotherapy. An “mt-rRNA predictor” was constructed and validated in multiple publicly available cohorts to provide guidance for prognosis prediction and immunotherapy of glioma patients.ResultsTwo distinct patterns of mt-rRNA modification were determined based on the evidence that nine regulators of mt-rRNA correlated significantly with most clinicopathologic characteristics, immunomodulators, TME, immune-checkpoint blockers (ICBs), and prognosis. Patients with mt-rRNA subtype II presented significantly poorer overall survival/progression-free survival (OS/PFS), but higher tumor mutational burden (TMB), more somatic mutations, and copy number variation (CNV). These two mt-rRNA subtypes had distinct TME patterns and responses to ICB therapy. An mt-rRNA predictor was constructed and validated in four glioma cohorts. The subtype with high mt-rRNA score, characterized by increased TMB, infiltration of immune cells, and activation of immunity, suggested an immune-activated phenotype, and was also linked to greater sensitivity to immunotherapy using anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) but resistance to temozolomide.ConclusionsRegulators of mt-rRNA modification have indispensable roles in the complexity and diversity of the TME and prognosis. This novel classification based on patterns of mt-rRNA modification could provide an effective prognostic predictor and guide more appropriate immunotherapy/chemotherapy strategies for glioma patients.
Sepsis Inflammation Impairs the Generation of Functional Dendritic Cells by Targeting Their Progenitors
Authors: Lu Jie , Sun Kun , Yang Huiping , Fan Dan , Huang He , Hong Yi , Wu Shuiyan , Zhou HuiTing , Fang Fang , Li YanHong , Meng Lijun , Huang Jie , Bai Zhenjiang 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSepsis is a complex systemic immune dysfunction syndrome induced by infection. Sepsis has a high mortality rate, with most patients dying due to systemic organ failure or secondary infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells. Upon infection with microbes, DCs are activated to induce adaptive immune responses for controlling infection. DC generation and function are impaired during sepsis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.MethodsPeripheral blood samples from sepsis patients were collected to examine DC subsets, DC progenitors, and apoptosis of DCs by flow cytometer. In vitro induction of DCs from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were established and a variety of sepsis-associated inflammatory mediators [e.g., interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)] and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were determined for the impact on DC generation and function in vitro.ResultsOur results demonstrate that sepsis-induced systemic inflammation impairs the capacity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to produce DCs, including conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). We investigated peripheral blood (PB) samples from 34 pediatric patients on days 1 to 7 following diagnosis. Compared to healthy donors (n = 18), the sepsis patients exhibited a significantly fewer percentage and number of pDCs and cDCs, and a lower expression of antigen presenting molecule HLD-DR and co-stimulatory molecules (e.g., CD86) on the surface of DCs. This sepsis-induced DC impairment was associated with significantly increased apoptotic death of DCs and marked decreases of progenitor cells that give rise to DCs. Furthermore, we observed that among the tested sepsis-associated cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and G-CSF), G-CSF and IFN-γ impaired DC development from cultured HSPCs. G-CSF also markedly decreased the expression of HLA-DR on HSPC-derived DCs and their cytokine production, including IL-12 and IFN-β.ConclusionsCollectively, these findings indicate that sepsis impairs the survival of functional DCs and their development from HSPCs. Strategies for improving DC reconstitution following sepsis may restore DC progenitors and their associated function.