bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Molecular Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii in Alex Ekwueme-Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria
Authors: Egwu Ikechukwu Herbert , Iroha Ifeanyichukwu Romanus , Egwu-Ikechukwu Modesta Mmaduabuchi , Peter Ikemesit Udeme , Nnabugwu Charity Chinyere , Ali Chioma Margaret , Elom Elom Emeka , Ogene Lillian Ngozika , Edemekong Christiana Inuaesiet 
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii, a notorious opportunistic pathogen known to seriously affect debilitated individuals especially intensive care unit (ICU) patients and others with underlying illness, have consistently jeopardized many antibiotics. This study was therefore aimed to ascertain the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and molecularly identify A. baumannii pathogens in Alex Ekwueme-Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Methodology: A total of 385 clinical samples were collected aseptically from debilitated patients and analyzed following standard microbiological procedures. Acinetobacter species was confirmed by Gram staining reaction and biochemical tests. All bacterial isolates were phenotypically screened for multidrug resistance using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion technique and results interpreted as per CLSI criteria. A. baumannii isolates were finally confirmed using 16S rRNA sequencing.
Results: A total of 23(6%) A. baumannii isolates were recovered from 385 clinical samples collected from 87 patients comprising 48 males and 39 females admitted in various hospital wards of AE-FETHA. The age of the patients varied from 20–79 years. The commonest sites for isolation of A. baumannii pathogen were catheter urine (8/8%) and wound sores (7/8%). The highest percentage resistance was observed with cefuroxime (96%), tetracycline (96%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (96 %), and ofloxacin (91%) while meropenem (91%) and imipenem (78%) were the most effective antibiotics against A. baumannii. The isolated A. baumannii was re-confirmed genotypically by 16S rRNA gene amplification. Variations were observed in the gene sequence of all the isolated A. baumannii.
Conclusion: Catheter urine, wound sores, and respiratory fluids were the more easily colonized samples. Also, high frequency of multidrug resistance observed in this study further established A. baumannii as a notorious opportunistic pathogen.
Stigma Related to COVID-19 Positive Patients in Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2020 Pandemic
Authors: Milibary Ali Alawi , Mandoura Najlaa Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 has contributed to the development of stigma in the community of Jeddah, thus causing negative attitudes and beliefs toward individuals linked to the disease.
Objective: To describe stigma related to COVID-19 positive patients and find out factors associated with stigma subscales.
Subjects and Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted on COVID-19 positive patients (lab confirmed) in Jeddah. The sample size was 420 patients, and the data was collected using a validated questionnaire adapted from HIV/AIDS stigma instrument (HASI-P). The data were analysed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 27.0).
Results: Total number of responses was (419). The median age was 32 (IQR, 25-43). Both genders, Saudi and non-Saudi, were included. The tool used to measure the COVID-19 related stigma of different six subscales. The verbal abuse had a median of (0, IQR=0-0.25), negative self-perception (median=0, IQR=0.02), health care neglect (median=0, IQR=0-0), social isolation (median=0.2, IQR=0-0.6), fear of contagion (median=0.33, IQR=0-0.83) and workplace stigma (median=0, IQR=0-0). Male gender was significantly associated with social isolation and fear of contagion, while working in the health care field was associated with workplace-related stigma.
Conclusion: COVID-19-related social stigma was reported by a considerable number of Jeddah healthcare providers, specifically workplace-related stigma. Unexpectedly, males need more attention as regard to social isolation and fear of contagion. The results of this study can be of used to guide supportive social interventions to suppress the COVID-19 related stigma.
Preparation and Evaluation of Captopril Oral Floating Controlled Release Formulations
Authors: Vydana Ramakrishna , Bonnoth Chandra Sekhar Kothapalli , Suryadevara Vidyadhara , Doppalapudi Sandeep 
Published: September 2021

Aim: Dosing frequency is a major hurdle in geriatrics with frequent drug administration. In such cases, oral controlled release floating formulations are helpful which causes reduction in dosing frequency and fluctuation of drug levels in plasma. The main aim of the current research was to prepare Captopril floating controlled release formulations in order to achieve extended gastric retention in the upper GIT.
Methodology: Captopril tablets were prepared using different concentrations of poly ethylene oxide water soluble resin (PEO WSR) 303 (5% to 30%) by direct compression technique. Captopril formulations CSP1 and CSP6 were formulated using PEO WSR 303. Pre and post compression parameters were evaluated. Dissolution studies were performed for the prepared tablets using 0.1N hydrochloric acid as dissolution medium.
Results: The dissolution studies showed controlled drug release up to 12h. The formulation CSP5 prepared using 25% w/w of PEO WSR 303 showed maximum drug release of 97.97% at 12h. Almost similar drug release profile was also observed for CSP6 which was prepared using 30%w/w PEO WSR 303. These two formulations were further added with various concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (5% to 15%) and citric acid (2.5% to 10%) which enhanced floating of drug in Gastro intestinal tract (GIT). Formulation CSP8 containing 10% of sodium bicarbonate with 25% PEO WSR 303 showed less buoyancy lag time and prolonged drug release. Formulation CSP15 showed very less buoyancy lag time of 5sec. Characterization studies like Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were also carried out.
Conclusion: The prepared Captopril floating tablets could be an alternative formulation for prolonged drug release.
Interpretation of intrafraction motion review data and method for verification
Authors: Graeper Gavin , Cetnar Ashley , Ayan Ahmet S. , Weldon Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe current clinical interface for Varian's intrafraction motion review (IMR) is limited, providing only qualitative data for review at the treatment console. This study provides a method of extracting and interpreting data from combined log files for quantitative evaluation. Combined log files acquired during patient treatment and a parsing code was developed to scan the combined log file looking for unique identifiers pertaining to the data of interest. We were able to extract clinically relevant parameters from the log files including date and time, gantry angle, expected marker position, found marker position, pixel size, and detection result. This study details how to compare IMR data to Calypso investigating dual‐surrogates for intrafraction monitoring during treatment for other researchers to build on these methods. Understanding data recorded during treatment within the combined log files can be helpful in quality improvement of patient care by retrospectively reviewing intrafraction motion.
Anisotropic Properties of Quasi‐1D In4Se3: Mechanical Exfoliation, Electronic Transport, and Polarization‐Dependent Photoresponse
Authors: Vorobeva Nataliia S. , Lipatov Alexey , Torres Angel , Dai Jun , Abourahma Jehad , Le Duy , Dhingra Archit , Gilbert Simeon J. , Galiy Pavlo V. , Nenchuk Taras M. , Muratov Dmitry S. , Rahman Talat S. , Zeng Xiao Cheng , Dowben Peter A. , Sinitskii Alexander 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTheoretical and experimental investigations of various exfoliated samples taken from layered In4Se3 crystals are performed. In spite of the ionic character of interlayer interactions in In4Se3 and hence much higher calculated cleavage energies compared to graphite, it is possible to produce few‐nanometer‐thick flakes of In4Se3 by mechanical exfoliation of its bulk crystals. The In4Se3 flakes exfoliated on Si/SiO2 have anisotropic electronic properties and exhibit field‐effect electron mobilities of about 50 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature, which are comparable with other popular transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) electronic materials, such as MoS2 and TiS3. In4Se3 devices exhibit a visible range photoresponse on a timescale of less than 30 ms. The photoresponse depends on the polarization of the excitation light consistent with symmetry‐dependent band structure calculations for the most expected ac cleavage plane. These results demonstrate that mechanical exfoliation of layered ionic In4Se3 crystals is possible, while the fast anisotropic photoresponse makes In4Se3 a competitive electronic material, in the TMC family, for emerging optoelectronic device applications.
Physiologically‐Regulated Adhesion of Hydrogels for Wound Dressing
Authors: Xu Mengda , Miao Yan , Yu Jiahui , Zhang Lidong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAdhesion allows the close contact of wound dressing materials with skin surface. However, the dressing replacement inevitably causes the secondary damage to unhealed wound, so a wound dressing material having physiologically‐regulated adhesion is of high significance. Herein, a hydrogel is reported by covalently introducing cationic moieties into an elastic network. The cationic moieties are capable of electron‐withdrawing that promotes a strong electrostatic interaction with polar groups of protein (high electron cloud density) from the wound skin tissue, enabling the adhesion of hydrogel on the skin surface. With the tissue metabolism, the nucleophilic skin surface forms a lipid layer that gradually destroys the electrostatic interaction and weakens the interfacial affinity. The adhesion energy can be reduced from 60 to <10 J m−2 in 7 days, so that the dressing material can be removed easily. The cationic moieties also endow the hydrogel a high water swelling ratio (reaching 25 200%) and an efficient antibacterial property. The in vivo tests demonstrate that the wound on a mouse back reaches physiological 100% healing after the hydrogel dressing treatment for 12 days. All results show that the introduction of cationic moieties makes the hydrogel more promising as a wound dressing.
Porous PEDOT:PSS Particles and their Application as Tunable Cell Culture Substrate
Authors: Rauer Sebastian Bernhard , Bell Daniel Josef , Jain Puja , Rahimi Khosrow , Felder Daniel , Linkhorst John , Wessling Matthias 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDue to its biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, and tissue‐like elasticity, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) constitutes a highly promising material regarding the fabrication of smart cell culture substrates. However, until now, high‐throughput synthesis of pure PEDOT:PSS geometries was restricted to flat sheets and fibers. In this publication, the first microfluidic process for the synthesis of spherical, highly porous, pure PEDOT:PSS particles of adjustable material properties is presented. The particles are synthesized by the generation of PEDOT:PSS emulsion droplets within a 1‐octanol continuous phase and their subsequent coagulation and partial crystallization in an isopropanol (IPA)/sulfuric acid (SA) bath. The process allows to tailor central particle characteristics such as crystallinity, particle diameter, pore size as well as electrochemical and mechanical properties by simply adjusting the IPA:SA ratio during droplet coagulation. To demonstrate the applicability of PEDOT:PSS particles as potential cell culture substrate, cultivations of L929 mouse fibroblast cells and MRC‐5 human fibroblast cells are conducted. Both cell lines present exponential growth on PEDOT:PSS particles and reach confluency with cell viabilities above 95 vol.% on culture day 9. Single cell analysis could moreover reveal that mechanotransduction and cell infiltration can be controlled by the adjustment of particle crystallinity.
Ag(I)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Aminoquinolines from 1‐Aminobutadiynes and Anilines
Authors: Liu Ningning , Sun Huaming , Wang Junying , Zhang Zunting , Wang Tao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA Ag(I)‐catalyzed annulation of 1‐aminobutadiynes with anilines was described. By tuning the steric and electronic properties of anilines, 2‐aminoquinoline scaffold was constructed instead of the literature‐reported 2‐amidopyrroles. Notedly, the reactions of polyaromatic amines also proceed smoothly to afford nitrogen‐containing polyaromatics.magnified image
Liquid‐Based Multijunction Molecular Solar Thermal Energy Collection Device
Authors: Wang Zhihang , Moïse Henry , Cacciarini Martina , Nielsen Mogens Brøndsted , Morikawa Masa‐aki , Kimizuka Nobuo , Moth‐Poulsen Kasper 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPhotoswitchable molecules‐based solar thermal energy storage system (MOST) can potentially be a route to store solar energy for future use. Herein, the use of a multijunction MOST device that combines various photoswitches with different onsets of absorption to push the efficiency limit on solar energy collection and storage is explored. With a parametric model calculation, it is shown that the efficiency limit of MOST concept can be improved from 13.0% to 18.2% with a double‐junction system and to 20.5% with a triple‐junction system containing ideal, red‐shifted MOST candidates. As a proof‐of‐concept, the use of a three‐layered MOST device is experimentally demonstrated. The device uses different photoswitches including a norbornadiene derivative, a dihydroazulene derivative, and an azobenzene derivative in liquid state with different MOSTproperties, to increase the energy capture and storage behavior. This conceptional device introduces a new way of thinking and designing optimal molecular candidates for MOST, as much improvement can be made by tailoring molecules to efficiently store solar energy at specific wavelengths.
Agroclimatic effects over physicochemical characteristics of Moringa seed oil for biodiesel production in two subtropical sites
Authors: Pérez‐Landa Irving D. , Reyes‐Díaz Mauricio , Pérez‐Vázquez Arturo , Galaviz‐Villa Itzel , Vázquez‐León Lucio A. , Valdés‐Rodríguez Ofelia A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMoringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) produces oily seeds considered a good biofuel source; however, little has been researched over the influence of agroclimatic data on the characteristics of Moringa oil. The objective of this work was to determine the relationships between soil and climatic conditions over the physicochemical characteristics of Moringa oil. The methodology evaluated two different sites (Sites 1 and 2) located on the eastern Mexican coast. On both sites, soil analysis was performed, and climatic conditions were recorded. Oil was extracted from the seeds, and its properties were determined by standard methods of the international union of pure and applied chemistry (IUPAC). The results indicated that oil content (OC) was higher in Site 2, which had a soil deficient in organic matter (OM), sandy texture, and slightly alkaline pH. Still, it was rich in nitrites (NO2–) and nitrates(NO3–) and received higher radiation than Site 1, which had a clay loam texture, moderately acid pH, was middle rich in OM, and reduced NO2– and NO3– soil. However, in Site 1, the acid value, peroxide, saponification, and iodine values were higher. Other variables, like kinematic viscosity (KV), refraction index (RI), and density (D), were similar between sites. We conclude that plant productivity and physicochemical characteristics of Moringa oil for biodiesel purposes benefit from a climate with high radiation and light soils rich in NO2–, NO3–, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and access to water. In contrast, heavier and acid soils are not recommended.
A monoallelicSEC23AvariantE599Kassociated withcranio‐lenticulo‐suturaldysplasia
Authors: Cisarova Katarina , Garavelli Livia , Caraffi Stefano Giuseppe , Peluso Francesca , Valeri Lara , Gargano Giancarlo , Gavioli Sara , Trimarchi Gabriele , Neri Alberto , Campos‐Xavier Belinda , Superti‐Furga Andrea 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCranio‐lenticulo‐sutural dysplasia (CLSD; MIM 607812) is a rare or underdiagnosed condition, as only two families have been reported. The original family (Boyadjiev et al.,Human Genetics, 2003, 113, 1–9 and Boyadjiev et al.,Nature Genetics, 2006, 38, 1192–1197) showed recessive inheritance of the condition with a biallelicSEC23Amissense variant in affected individuals. In contrast, another child with sporadic CLSD had a monoallelicSEC23Avariant inherited from the reportedly unaffected father (Boyadjiev et al.,Clinical Genetics, 2011, 80, 169–176), raising questions on possible digenism. Here, we report a 2‐month‐old boy seen because of large fontanels with wide cranial sutures, a large forehead, hypertelorism, a thin nose, a high arched palate, and micrognathia. His mother was clinically unremarkable, while his father had a history of large fontanels in infancy who had closed only around age 10 years; he also had a large forehead, hypertelorism, a thin, beaked nose and was operated for bilateral glaucoma with exfoliation of the lens capsule. Trio genome sequencing and familial segregation revealed a monoallelic c.1795G > A transition inSEC23Athat was de novo in the father and transmitted to the proband. The variant predicts a nonconservative substitution (p.E599K) in an ultra‐conserved residue that is seen in 3D models of yeast SEC23 to be involved in direct binding between SEC23 and SAR1 subunits of the coat protein complex II coat. This observation confirms the link betweenSEC23Avariants and CLSD but suggests that in addition to the recessive inheritance described in the original family,SEC23Avariants may result in dominant inheritance of CLSD, possibly by a dominant‐negative disruptive effect on the SEC23 multimer.
Manipulation of One‐Way Gaussian Steering via Quantum Correlated Microwave Fields
Authors: Yang Zhi‐Bo , Liu Hong‐Yu , Yang Rong‐Can 
Published: September 2021

AbstractManipulation of one‐way Gaussian steering in macroscopic systems is outstandingly challenging in modern physics. In this paper, a cavity magnomechanical system is used which is composed of two spatially separate microwave cavities and two massive yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres in order for one‐way Gaussian steering. The two cavities are pumped by a two‐mode squeezed light, while both two YIG spheres are individually driven by a classical field at a red sideband with respect to the magnon mode. By creating different excitations for the two phonon modes, the systemic symmetry is broken and one‐way Gaussian steering with strong entanglement between two phonon modes induced by the deformation of YIG spheres is achieved. This finding may provide a novel method to manipulate asymmetric quantum steering between two long‐distance macroscopic objects which is of great importance for quantum information processing.
Inhibition Mechanism of SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease with Ketone‐Based Inhibitors Unveiled by Multiscale Simulations: Insights for Improved Designs**
Authors: Ramos‐Guzmán Carlos A. , Ruiz‐Pernía J. Javier , Tuñón Iñaki 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe present the results of classical and QM/MM simulations for the inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 3CL protease by a hydroxymethylketone inhibitor, PF‐00835231. In the noncovalent complex the carbonyl oxygen atom of the warhead is placed in the oxyanion hole formed by residues 143 to 145, while P1–P3 groups are accommodated in the active site with interactions similar to those observed for the peptide substrate. According to alchemical free energy calculations, the P1′ hydroxymethyl group also contributes to the binding free energy. Covalent inhibition of the enzyme is triggered by the proton transfer from Cys145 to His41. This step is followed by the nucleophilic attack of the Sγ atom on the carbonyl carbon atom of the inhibitor and a proton transfer from His41 to the carbonyl oxygen atom mediated by the P1′ hydroxyl group. Computational simulations show that the addition of a chloromethyl substituent to the P1′ group may lower the activation free energy for covalent inhibition
Self‐Assembly of a Bilayer 2D Supramolecular Organic Framework in Water
Authors: Yang Bo , Yu Shang‐Bo , Zhang Pan‐Qing , Wang Ze‐Kun , Qi Qiao‐Yan , Wang Xu‐Qing , Xu Xun‐Hui , Yang Hai‐Bo , Wu Zong‐Quan , Liu Yi , Ma Da , Li Zhan‐Ting 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAccurate control of the layer number of orderly stacked 2D polymers has been an unsettled challenge in self‐assembly. Herein we describe the fabrication of a bilayer 2D supramolecular organic framework from a monolayer 2D supramolecular organic framework in water by utilizing the cooperative coordination of a rod‐like bipyridine ligands to zinc porphyrin subunits of the monolayer network. The monolayer supramolecular framework is prepared from the co‐assembly of an octacationic zinc porphyrin monomer and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in water through CB[8]‐encapsulation‐promoted dimerization of 4‐phenylpyridiunium subunits that the zinc porphyrin monomer bear. The bilayer 2D supramolecular organic framework exhibits structural regularity in both solution and the solid state, which is characterized by synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopic techniques. Atomic force microscopic imaging confirms that the bilayer character of the 2D supramolecular organic framework can be realized selectively on the micrometer scale.
SmCo5 with a Reconstructed Oxyhydroxide Surface for Spin‐Selective Water Oxidation at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Chen Riccardo Ruixi , Chen Gao , Ren Xiao , Ge Jingjie , Ong Samuel Jun Hoong , Xi Shibo , Wang Xin , Xu Zhichuan J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe efficiency of electrolytic hydrogen production is limited by the slow reaction kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Surface‐reconstructed ferromagnetic (FM) catalysts with a spin‐pinning effect at the FM/oxyhydroxide interface could enhance the spin‐dependent OER kinetics. However, in real‐life applications, electrolyzers are operated at elevated temperature, which may disrupt the spin orientations of FM catalysts and limit their performance. In this study, we prepared surface‐reconstructed SmCo5/CoOxHy, which possesses polarized spins at the FM/oxyhydroxide interface that lead to excellent OER activity. These interfacial polarized spins could be further aligned through a magnetization process, which further enhanced the OER performance. Moreover, the operation temperature was elevated to mimic the practical operation conditions of water electrolyzers. It was found that the OER activity enhancement of the magnetized SmCo5/CoOxHy catalyst could be preserved up to 60 °C.