bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of metal halide perovskite modifications on structure and functionality
Authors:   , Service Erin 
Published: November 2021

<p>Metal halide perovskites (ABX₃) represent an important class of materials with respect to optoelectronic applications such as photovoltaic and light-emitting devices. In this thesis, modification of these materials was explored through metal substitutions, halide substitutions and also nanocrystal synthesis. The ability for these modifications to take place was analyzed, and related to the effects on structural and optoelectronic properties. Heterovalent metal substitutions were explored through the substitution of Bi³⁺ into methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃). It was found that a two phase material composed of MAPbI₃ and MA₃Bi₂I₉ forms during these substitutions. This resulted in changes to electron-hole generation in the thin films and separation in photovoltaic devices, as observed through optical absorption and current-voltage measurements. Substitutions of Bi³⁺ and Tl⁺ were also carried out at dopant concentrations of 0.1–1%. Although the bulk crystal structure was maintained here, the power conversion efficiencies of devices decreased, with a bigger effect measured for Bi³⁺ doping. The ability for halide ions in MAPbBr₃ to be substituted with the thiocyanate ion (SCN)⁻ was investigated and compared to previous reports concerning MAPbI₃. From the studies conducted here, it is unlikely that the (SCN)⁻ ion becomes incorporated into the perovskite crystal lattice. This appeared to be primarily due to the reactivity of MA⁺ ion with (SCN)⁻. Finally, Cs₃Bi₂I₉ nanocrystals were synthesized via the hot injection method. This was supported through XRD, TEM and EDS measurements, where the crystals were found to display hexagonal symmetry. Subsequent experiments on the mixed halide nanocrystals (I/Br) revealed the sensitive nature of this synthesis to oxygen contamination.</p>
Architecture of the athlete
Authors:   , Zivkovic Jared 
Published: November 2021

<p>Designers of sports facilities focus on physical aspects, like walls and tile angles to improve an athlete’s performance. However, from experience, the mental components of an athlete’s performance are overlooked; which is believed to have a greater impact on their overall performance. Using my experiences to produce a unique body of research, this thesis focusses on using the athlete’s perspective to design. This thesis investigates Sporting Facilities and Natatoriums are the focus. Using the skill of architects to create space and affect emotion, the thesis will investigate how they can be used to create an atmosphere that will allow an athlete to enter the optimal emotional state to achieve a successful sporting performance. The research will look the emotion and atmosphere of architecture, and the knowledge of sports psychology to understand how atmosphere can be used to challenge current design conventions. The approach will look at the relationship of facilities with and without local community involvement when they are not being used for competitions. This allows the needs of the community which has an effect upon the design, to be controlled. Which allows for an athlete’s perspective to drive the design. Using Natatoriums as the focus of the thesis, a series of design investigations will be conducted looking at how these spaces can be developed and arranged to optimise athlete performance. Objectives are to understand the arrangement of program and atmosphere required at each stage of an athlete’s pre-competition process, so a facility can be developed that is biased towards an athlete’s mental state versus other design factors.</p>
Liminality as a lens on social meaning: A cross-variable analysis of gender in New Zealand English
Authors:   , Hazenberg Evan 
Published: November 2021

<p>The variationist sociolinguistic enterprise has been successful in developing models of structural (i.e., language-internal) drivers of variation and change, but one of the barriers preventing the development of a parallel model accounting for social drivers is the difficulty in operationalising salience. Using a corpus of sociolinguistic interviews collected in Auckland, New Zealand between 2013 and 2015, this project examines the relationship between language variation and gendered identity, and proposes an analytical approach of liminality – of examining the linguistic practices of people who have crossed a culturally-reified category boundary – as a possible solution to the problem of identifying socially salient variables. The participants in this study are straight, queer, and transsexual native speakers of New Zealand English (NZE), representing two age groups that straddle the period of social change in the 1980s that saw a destabilisation of traditional gender roles in New Zealand. Variation in three linguistic systems is examined: adjectival modifiers (intensifiers and moderators), sibilants (/s/, /z/ and /ʃ/), and the vowels of NZE. The project uses established variationist and sociophonetic methodologies, as well as introducing a new metric for making comparisons across the vowel space as a whole. The findings show that speakers are able to encode their gendered identity across multiple variables, and that subtle linguistic signals can be used to affiliate with (or distance from) particular groups. The two most ‘distant’ groups are older straight men and younger [straight, queer, and transsexual] women, which this thesis argues is a reflection of the general societal criticism directed at young women by hegemonic masculinities. There is also evidence that the mainstreaming of queer identities in the wake of the 1986 decriminalisation of homosexuality has decreased the linguistic distance between straight and queer urban New Zealanders, demonstrating the relative rapidity with which social changes can be incorporated into the linguistic system. This study highlights the utility of studying variation across linguistic systems rather than in variables in isolation, and proposes a typology of variation based on the boundedness and dimensionality of the linguistic systems under investigation. The framework of liminality is found to be productive with respect to the role of gender in language variation, although future research will have to test whether this framework can be generalised to other dimensions of social identity that are perceived as categorical (e.g., ethnicity and heritage culture in immigrant communities).</p>
The involvement of teachers in curriculum change : with special reference to the introduction of programmes in mathematics in primary classes
Authors:   , Palmer Edwin Arthur 
Published: November 2021

<p>Curriculum building is a complex process; a process which has in recent years intensified. The rapidity of technological development has placed on educationalists a greater pressure than ever before. Furthermore, the concept of co-operative curriculum building, with the involvement of a wider number of people has come to receive greater acceptance. This thesis sets out to examine the process of syllabus revision in New Zealand in one particular subject area, mathematics. It aims to evaluate the degree of consultation between the New Zealand Educational Institute, the teachers' professional organization, and the Department of Education which is ultimately responsible for syllabus revision. In particular the thesis wishes to discover the role played by the practising teacher in this revision.</p>
The Choreomusical Page-to-Stage Approach: Visual Representations of Musical Modernism Through the Works of Igor Stravinsky and George Balanchine
Authors:   , Hughes Eustacia Lynn Jocea 
Published: November 2021

<p>The musical developments of the Modernist period provided a new understanding and approach to composition. These developments are also seen in ballet, branching into several styles, with many choreographers providing their unique take to staging musical works. In this study, the modernist choreomusical relationship is examined with respect to the possibility of a page-to-stage approach in dance. This thesis examines how this approach is manifested in the complex relationships between the composer, and the choreographer. Drawing on nine examples of modernist era ballets categorised in to three styles (classical, neoclassical, and contemporary ballets), discussion of historical context, analysis of the musical and choreographic relationship, and other ideas surrounding adapting music for a visual medium are explored. This thesis also examines changing attitudes to music/dance relationships. Two lines of enquiry are followed, the first assesses, through the example of Stravinsky, Balanchine, and several other contemporaries, whether a page-to-stage approach exists for ballet. A supplementary enquiry explores how such an approach is manifested within different methods of choreography. This study finds that there are difficulties in applying the choreomusical page-to-stage approach to analysing changing attitudes to music/dance relationships. At another level, this study points to the benefit of incorporating the concept of diegesis in analysing the changing attitudes to music/dance relationships.</p>
In the Neck of Time
Authors:   , Poojary Snehal 
Published: November 2021

<p>Numerous studies over the past decade have investigated to making human animation as realistic as possible, especially facial animation. Let’s consider facial animation for human speech. Animating a face, to match up to a speech, requires a lot of effort. Most of the process has now been automated to make it easier for the artist to create facial animation along with lip sync based on a speech provided by the user. While these systems concentrate on the mouth and tongue, where articulation of speech takes place, very little effort has gone to understand and to recreate the exact motion of the neck during speech. The neck plays an important role in voice production and hence it is essential to study the motion created by it. The purpose of this research is to study the motion of the neck during speech. This research makes two contributions. First, predicting the motion of the neck around the strap muscles for a given speech. This is achieved by training a program with position data of marker placed on the neck along with its speech analysis data. Second, understanding the basic neck motion during speech. This will help an artist understand how the neck should be animated during speech.</p>
Visitor satisfaction with services for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam
Authors:   , Phan Thi Thuy Linh 
Published: November 2021

<p>The increase in visitor demand creates more and more pressures on visitor management, especially in protected areas like national parks. Environmental interpretation is regarded as an effective soft management strategy that aims to educate visitors in national parks. However, no study about visitor satisfaction with environmental interpretation using Importance-Performance analysis has been undertaken in national parks in general and national parks of Vietnam in particular. This study attempts to fill in the research gaps in the literature by examining visitor satisfaction with services for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park of Vietnam using Importance-Performance Analysis. The research aims are: (1) To identify current interpretive services in Cat Tien National Park; (2) To explore visitor use of these services for environmental interpretation; (3) To investigate visitor satisfaction with these services using Importance-Performance Analysis and (4) To analyze similarities and differences in visitor satisfaction with services according to motivation-based segments and market-based segments. Secondary research, a site visit and three semi-structured interviews were first implemented to provide information background for the study. Next, the main survey for both international and domestic visitors was conducted at the entry point of Cat Tien National Park. Data from 237 pre-visit and post-visit questionnaires collected in four weeks was then analyzed with relevant statistical analyses. Market-based segmentation and motivation-based segmentation were also implemented to analyze the data. The findings show that site interpreters were the most important service provider for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park. Site interpreters, interpretive signs and staff at the museum are very important and very satisfying services for environmental interpretation. Displays at the museum need to be redesigned to meet visitor satisfaction. Moreover, videos at the rescue centre need to improve the performance to ensure domestic visitor satisfaction. With regard to twelve roles of site interpreters, the role for a comfortable pace of the trip, the role for a good group organisation, the communicative roles and the roles of an environmental interpreter are important and satisfying roles according to visitors. The performance of the instrumental role for visitor safety and the social role for a positive group environment need to be enhanced to meet visitor satisfaction. Also, two roles of a motivator of responsible behaviour need to be enhanced to meet the satisfaction of “Passive visitors” and “Active learners”, as well as international visitors. The study highlights the need for continuing research on visitor satisfaction with environmental interpretation using importance performance analysis and visitor segmentation. Some management implications were given for future development of services for environmental interpretation in Cat Tien National Park.</p>
Community resilience and urban core shelter implementation: A Wellington case study
Authors:   , Titmuss Ralph Peter 
Published: November 2021

<p>As a result of climate change, extreme weather events are becoming more common around the world. Coupled with the ever-present threat of sea level rise that coastal cities face there is a potential for far more severe weather events to occur. This thesis will seek to understand how an existing city can adapt to a more hostile environment, and how in the event of an extreme weather occurrence it maintains its function. There is an urgent need to understand how a city can respond when faced with these situations. Previous extreme weather events, Katrina, the Indian Ocean tsunami, and extreme flooding around the world, highlight the danger of a lack of preparedness and resilience found in most cities. The purpose of this thesis is to understand how the concept of a core shelter, as a way to address the threats of extreme weather events, can be applied to a well-established urban context, Wellington NZ. A core shelter is a structure that in the event of a large-scale disaster, protects its users, and post-disaster still reaches permanent housing standards without being deemed to be a permanent dwelling. It will also look at whether it is possible to create areas in an existing city that can be considered “safe havens” in the event of an extreme natural incident. This thesis outlines the need for these shelters by identifying the potential threats of climate change in a Wellington context, and by understanding the vulnerability of Wellington’s current building stock. It reaches a conclusion that through the implementation of core shelters in Wellington NZ, resilience will be improved, disaster response efforts will be aided, and destruction arising from extreme weather events will be reduced. In addition, it identifies the areas of Wellington that are deemed to be of higher risk in a disaster or extreme weather event, analyses an existing building’s potential to become a community resilience/core shelter, and proposes a custom building that could be built on Leeds St and Ghuznee St.</p>
Datatecture: Creating a real home for a virtual identity
Authors:   , Meekings Scott 
Published: November 2021

<p>It is increasingly common to live in continual flux between reality and virtuality – for architecture this means a dwindling focus on the built environment. For the architectural discipline to respond to these rapidly changing user-demands, a proactive relationship with our digital environment is required. It is proposed that a key occupation of the architectural discipline in the near future will be designing architecture that caters to our ‘real-world’ selves but takes advantage of the broad range of data available to us from the digital realm. This thesis proposes that within the big data stored about all those who engage with the digital environment, lies data that can influence and benefit the architectural discipline and allow us to respond convincingly to the increasing focus on digital and virtual engagement. As people increasingly ‘live online’ architects can now derive information about clients not only from meeting them in person but also by scraping data on their digital lives and constructing what is referred to in this thesis as a digital identity. The digital identity can include data about a myriad of architectural influences such as taste, activity and lifestyle. This thesis considers which data may become available over the next decade, how architectural designers can embrace it without specialist data-centric skill-sets and how it may help personalise architecture. A large amount of data is collected on the author from both ‘real-world’ scenarios and ‘virtual’ inhabitation of digital space. This data, along with other public sources of data are explored in terms of architectural potential, culminating in a vision for a new data-based and ultimately more efficient method for personalising and inhabiting architecture.</p>
Wetland Square, Market Pier: Rethinking Heritage in the New Zealand Regional Landscape
Authors:   , Murray Rachel 
Published: November 2021

<p>This thesis addresses the rapid environmental degradation and socioeconomic decline to which many of New Zealand's lowland regions have succumbed. In the last 150 years, it is estimated that 90% of the country’s indigenous wetlands and swamp forests have been drained and converted to farming pastures and low-density urban sprawl. This thesis critiques existing settlement patterns, investigating innovative urban forms that work dually to reactivate the wetland environments while increasing population density to levels required for public systems to function sustainably and vitally. These objectives are explored using design-led research, investigating a site-specific scenario in Kāpiti, Wellington region. The design project identifies a squared-off suburban conservation wetland, transforming it into a new Wetland Square: a civic heart of the region’s natural and cultural heritage with reference to the town square urban type. A Market Pier extends from the urban edge of the town square towards the central lagoon. This architectural intervention connects the new urban centre with the wider agricultural activity of Kāpiti while reinstating the historic functions and cultural significance of the wetlands which indigenous Māori historically navigated by canoe in search of food and resources. The research rethinks land conservation practice in New Zealand’s settled regional landscapes. It advocates that conservation efforts should expand beyond current land protection measures to also consider conserving the historic relationship between early settlers and natural systems. The thesis stresses architecture’s responsibility to reconcile urban and ecological systems, with emphasis on celebrating the rich social and cultural heritage associated with New Zealand’s natural heritage to ensure environmental and community resilience in the regional landscape.</p>
Epoch in life
Authors:   , Zhou Felicity 
Published: November 2021

<p>Death is an inevitable part of life. The impact this moment can have on you is different for everyone. Grief is an individualise process that is resolved differently by many people, some attend support groups and have a solid community of friends and family to help them. However some people don’t have that support network and may prefer to go through this event by themselves. This thesis explores the opportunity to use architecture and the environment as a means to relieve personal grief. By creating a place dedicated to helping people deal with grief, whether they take this journey on their own or with another. Considering grief as an individualise process, the design intervention will give users the opportunity to determine how they want to use the space to meet their needs. The design is going to highlight important aspects in the journey of grief in order for them to heal and move on.</p>
'Of Milk and Honey: A design strategy for the economical, ecological and ideological resilience of a cultural landscape and its people
Authors:   , Sloane Findlay 
Published: November 2021

<p>Wetlands are one of New Zealand’s most important freshwater ecosystems. They are low-lying waterlogged areas bordering rivers and streams and forming quiet edges of lakes, rivers, low- lying floodplains estuaries and harbours. In the last 150 years more than 90% of New Zealand’s wetlands have been destroyed or severely impacted by agricultural developments. The South Wairarapa region, in the lower part of the North Island, covers 2,485 km2 and is characterised by its expanses of lowland plains and lakes, surrounded by mountainous ranges. Once its wetlands provided important ecosystem services filtering nutrients and controlling floodwaters but they are now under pressure from agricultural land use, including drainage, grazing, nutrient runoff and the impacts of pest animals and plants. For the indigenous Māori culture of New Zealand, wetlands are often regarded as equivalent to organs that cleanse the body (tinana) such as the kidneys (nga whatumanawa) and the liver (te ate), and therefore represent important sites for purifying and cleaning, by filtering or reducing nutrients, chemicals and suspended sediment before it reaches the Lake Wairarapa. Many wetlands have historical and cultural importance as well as are regarded as source of food (mahinga kai) for the Māori tribes, providing important habitats for a range of culturally important food sources such as eel or important flora for carving such as flax, bulrush, tall grasses and bamboo spike sedges. Māori people perceive their own health as directly linked to the condition of their environments. This study examines how we can re-purpose / re-configure land use within the region to a more ecologically conscious industry, finding a balance between the existing farming and agricultural practices that the region relies on and a recognition to the cultural practices of the Māori people and its importance to healthy communities and resourceful environments.</p>