bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Light Emission Performance of Mixed Cation Perovskite Films—The Effect of Solution Stoichiometry on Crystallization
Authors: Liu Fangzhou , Qin Xinshun , Han Bing , Chan Christopher C. S. , Ma Chao , Leung Tik Lun , Chen Wei , He Yanling , Lončarić Ivor , Grisanti Luca , Ovčar Juraj , Skoko Željko , Shi Yingli , Ling Francis Chi Chung , Huqe Md Rashedul , Zapien Juan Antonio , Wang Shixun , Su Chun‐Jen , Jeng U‐Ser , Wong Kam Sing , Ng Alan Man Ching , Gu Meng , Popović Jasminka , Djurišić Aleksandra B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe performance of quasi‐2D perovskite light emitting diodes (LEDs) with mixed small cations, cesium and formamidinium (FA), is significantly affected by their ratio. The best devices obtained for Cs:FA ratio of 1:1 exhibit a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 12.1%, maximum luminance of 15 070 cd m−2 and maximum current efficiency of 46.1 cd A−1, which is significantly higher (about 3 times) compared to devices with FA only (maximum EQE of 4.1%, maximum luminance of 4521 cd m−2) and Cs‐only (maximum EQE of 4.0%, maximum luminance of 4886 cd m−2). The photoluminescence quantum yield of the Cs:FA 1:1 sample is similarly enhanced, 21.3% compared 5.4% and 6%, for FA‐only and Cs‐only samples, respectively. It can be observed that the Cs:FA ratio significantly affects the crystallization of the perovskite, with the optimal 1:1 ratio resulting in the formation of tetragonal Cs0.5FA0.5PbBr3 phase (different from cubic FAPbBr3 and orthorhombic CsPbBr3) with pronounced preferential orientation as well as a significant reduction in the trap density, which leads to a substantial improvement in the light‐emitting performance.
Optical Quality Laser Polishing of CVD Diamond by UV Pulsed Laser Irradiation
Authors: Liu Huagang , Xie Linran , Lin Wenxiong , Hong Minghui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is a great technical challenge to precisely polish diamond substrates due to their extremely high hardness, especially for micro‐optics fabrication. Here, a simple laser polishing process is demonstrated for the optical quality surface finish of chemical vapor deposition diamond using a 355 nm nanosecond laser. Raman spectroscopy and surface profile analyses reveal that the laser polishing is an ablation‐based process that consists of laser graphitization and the subsequent laser ablation of the graphitized layer. An optimized strategy is proposed to realize the high‐quality polishing by combining the ablation effect and defocusing laser irradiation. The polishing strategy can effectively reduce the peak‐to‐valley height difference of a rough surface and automatically enables the laser fluence at a low level close to the ablation threshold. Laser polishing at such critical laser fluence can greatly avoid harmful effects caused by high laser fluence and achieve precision materials’ removal while maintaining optical surface quality. The approach is capable of delivering an average roughness Ra down to 8.02 nm and a high transmittance up to 80% of mechanically polished diamond in the visible spectrum. High optical performances make it possible to directly fabricate micro‐optical components on diamond substrates using this novel laser polishing approach.
Protein Engineering of d‐Succinylase from Cupriavidus sp. for d‐Amino Acid Synthesis and the Structural Implications
Authors: Sumida Yosuke , Yamasaki Masayuki , Nishiya Yoshiaki , Kumagai Shinya , Yamada Toshihide , Azuma Masayuki 
Published: August 2021

Abstractd‐Amino acids are important chiral building blocks for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Previously, we have used d‐Succinylase (DSA) from Cupriavidus sp. P4‐10‐C and N‐succinyl amino acid racemase (NSAR, EC.4.2.1.113) from Geobacillus stearothermophilus NCA1503 to produce d‐amino acids via the dynamic kinetic resolution of N‐succinyl‐dl‐amino acids. However, the use of this bioconversion system remains challenging for industrial application due to the insufficient enantioselectivity of DSA toward N‐succinyl‐d‐amino acids. Therefore, we screened DSA mutants for improved enantioselectivity by directed evolution. Several mutants showed improved enantioseletivity compared to wild‐type DSA. L182E mutant had superior enantioselectivity, and the thermal stability was also remarkably improved by this single mutation. We solved the crystal structure of the L182E mutant in complex with succinic acids at a resolution 2.0 Å. The mutated residues in all generated mutants that showed improved enantioselectivity (including the substituted Glu182 in the L182E mutant) are found very close to the active site. The solved crystal structure also provides some rationale to explain the higher thermostability of the L182E mutant compared to wild‐type DSA. d‐phenylalanine and d‐tryptophan were produced in high conversion (approximately 90%) with 98.8% ee and 99.6% ee, respectively, using coupled L182E DSA and NSAR with the one‐pot enzymatic method. These data suggested that L182E DSA may be a useful biocatalyst for industrial d‐amino acids production.magnified image
Novel Recycled Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Polymer‐Coated Trash Soda Can for Clean Energy Harvesting
Authors: Chougale Mahesh Y. , Saqib Qazi Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Umair , Shaukat Rayyan Ali , Kim Jungmin , Bae Jinho 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResearchers are striving to find the best possible ways to decompose or recycle generated waste to create a pollution‐free environment. Besides the problem of waste pollution, efficient energy generation is another challenging issue across the world. To counter both these problems in a single shot, a unique strategy of reusing and recycling trash soda cans and disposable plastic cups in a simple function change (Funchange) triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with a surplus advantage of no chemical processing is presented. The Funchange TENG device presents an excellent output performance with an open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and instantaneous power of 519 V, 82 µA, and 12.25 mW, correspondingly. Further, the fabricated nanogenerator exhibits excellent stability for about 72 000 cycles. This approach of applying trash materials for ultrarobust, high‐performance TENG will pave the path toward sustainable, facile, clean, and environmentally friendly energy scavenging.
Natural Melanin/Alginate Hydrogels Achieve Cardiac Repair through ROS Scavenging and Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Zhou Jin , Liu Wei , Zhao Xiaoyi , Xian Yifan , Wu Wei , Zhang Xiao , Zhao Nana , Xu Fu‐Jian , Wang Changyong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe efficacy of cardiac regenerative strategies for myocardial infarction (MI) treatment is greatly limited by the cardiac microenvironment. The combination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging to suppress the oxidative stress damage and macrophage polarization to regenerative M2 phenotype in the MI microenvironment can be desirable for MI treatment. Herein, melanin nanoparticles (MNPs)/alginate (Alg) hydrogels composed of two marine‐derived natural biomaterials, MNPs obtained from cuttlefish ink and alginate extracted from ocean algae, are proposed. Taking advantage of the antioxidant property of MNPs and mechanical support from injectable alginate hydrogels, the MNPs/Alg hydrogel is explored for cardiac repair by regulating the MI microenvironment. The MNPs/Alg hydrogel is found to eliminate ROS against oxidative stress injury of cardiomyocytes. More interestingly, the macrophage polarization to regenerative M2 macrophages can be greatly promoted in the presence of MNPs/Alg hydrogel. An MI rat model is utilized to evaluate the feasibility of the as‐prepared MNPs/Alg hydrogel for cardiac repair in vivo. The antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and proangiogenesis effects of the hydrogel are investigated in detail. The present study opens up a new way to utilize natural biomaterials for MI treatment and allows to rerecognize the great value of natural biomaterials in cardiac repair.
Transferability of recommendations developed for transplanted rice to direct‐seeded rice in ORYZA model
Authors: Ling Xiaoxia , Yuan Shen , Peng Shaobing , Li Tao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.) production is transitioning from a transplanted system to a direct‐seeded system, and researchers aim to use current calibrations if possible. However, the ORYZA model calibrated for the transplanted rice has not been tested and validated for direct‐seeded rice. This study evaluated the transferability and predictability of ORYZA (v3) in estimating crop yields among different rice cropping systems. Evaluations were performed with inbred and hybrid rice cultivars in the early and late rice‐growing seasons in central China. The analysis indicated that the crop parameters calibrated for the direct‐seeded rice cropping system could be applied to satisfactorily simulate rice growth and development in the transplanted cropping system. By contrast, crop parameters calibrated for the transplanted rice system required modifications before they could be used for an accurate prediction in the direct‐seeded rice system. The modifications were associated with the delay in leaf area development due to transplanting shock. From the results of this study, a framework was proposed to develop crop parameters for direct‐seeded rice using experimental data from transplanted rice and vice versa.
Mass transfer intensification between fluidizing gas and Geldart‐B nonmagnetizable particles in magnetized fluidized bed
Authors: Zhou Jiao , Hao Weikang , Zhu Quanhong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work aimed to intensify the mass transfer between fluidizing gas and Geldart‐B nonmagnetizable particles by simultaneously introducing magnetizable particles and applying the magnetic field. The mere addition of magnetizable particles hardly affected the interphase mass transfer. Moreover, such mass transfer was not improved by the subsequent application of the magnetic field under the magnetization‐LAST operation mode. However, the mass transfer was significantly enhanced by the magnetic field in the magnetic stabilization and transition flow regimes under the magnetization‐FIRST operation mode. Apparently, the mass transfer intensification depended not only on the magnetic field intensify (H) but also on the operation mode. The gas–solid contact performance in the magnetic stabilization flow regime was always comparable to that in fixed beds. Hence, further increases in H could not raise the magnitude of intensification but only increase the operating range and stability of the magnetic stabilization, which was in metastable equilibrium.
PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns in WTC‐exposed and non‐WTC‐exposed firefighters
Authors: Mueller Alexandra K. , Singh Ankura , Webber Mayris P. , Hall Charles B. , Prezant David J. , Zeig‐Owens Rachel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundFirefighting has been associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health conditions. We previously found that among Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) responders to the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster, higher‐intensity WTC‐exposure predicted PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns. The present study aims to compare these symptoms in the FDNY WTC‐exposed cohort versus a comparison cohort of non‐FDNY, non‐WTC‐exposed firefighters.MethodsThe study population included WTC‐exposed male firefighters from FDNY (N = 8466) and non‐WTC‐exposed male firefighters from Chicago (N = 1195), Philadelphia (N = 770), and San Francisco (N = 650) fire departments who were employed on 9/11/2001 and completed a health questionnaire between 3/1/2018 and 12/31/2020. Current PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and subjective cognitive concerns were assessed via validated screening instruments. Multivariable linear regression analyses stratified by fire department estimated the impact of covariates on each outcome.ResultsAdjusted mean PTSD symptom scores ranged from 23.5 ± 0.6 in Chicago firefighters to 25.8 ± 0.2 in FDNY, and adjusted mean depressive symptom scores ranged from 7.3 ± 0.5 in Chicago to 9.4 ± 0.6 in Philadelphia. WTC‐exposure was associated with fewer subjective cognitive concerns (β = −0.69 ± 0.05, p < .001) after controlling for covariates. Across cohorts, older age was associated with more cognitive concerns, but fewer PTSD and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsWTC‐exposed firefighters had fewer cognitive concerns compared with non‐WTC‐exposed firefighters. We were unable to estimate associations between WTC exposure and PTSD symptoms or depressive symptoms due to variability between non‐WTC‐exposed cohorts. Longitudinal follow‐up is needed to assess PTSD, depressive, and cognitive symptom trajectories in firefighter populations as they age.
Survival outcomes of very low birth weight infants with trisomy 18
Authors: Inoue Hirosuke , Matsunaga Yuka , Sawano Toru , Fujiyoshi Junko , Kinjo Tadamune , Ochiai Masayuki , Nagata Kouji , Matsuura Toshiharu , Taguchi Tomoaki , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTrisomy 18 (T18) is one of the most commonly diagnosed aneuploidies leading to poor survival outcome. However, little is known about the dual risk of T18 and very low birth weight (VLBW, weighing <1500 g at birth). We aimed to investigate the survival and clinical features of VLBW infants with T18. In this observational cohort study, infants with T18 admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit in Kyushu University Hospital from 2000 to 2019 were eligible. Among 30 infants with T18 who were enrolled as study participants, 11 (37%) were born with VLBW. VLBW infants had lower gestational age (34.4 vs. 39.4 weeks, p < 0.01) and a higher incidence of esophageal atresia (64% vs. 11%, p < 0.01) than non‐VLBW infants. The proportions of patients who underwent any surgery (55% vs. 5%, p < 0.01) and positive pressure ventilation (82% vs. 32%, p = 0.02) were higher in VLBW than non‐VLBW infants. One‐year overall survival rate (45% vs. 26%, p = 0.32 by log‐rank test) did not differ between the two groups. In conclusion, being born at VLBW may not be fatal for infants with T18 undergoing active interventions.
Ernst Rüdin's, 1911 vision of a Mendelian psychiatric genetics research program: His paper “Methods and goals of family research in psychiatry”
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhile working under Kraepelin in Munich, Ernst Rüdin, a Swiss‐born Psychiatrist, at the age of 26, outlined in a 1911 98‐page article, a detailed plan for a future Mendelian‐informed family research program for psychiatry. Rüdin would go on to head the Department of Genealogical and Demographic Studies at Kraepelin's Research Institute which became one of the world's leading programs in psychiatric genetics. I here summarize this article, providing a complete translation online. Rüdin's review outlined a paradigm shift in psychiatric genetics research moving from calculations of aggregate hereditary burden, as they applied to the proband, to examining patterns of transmission within family pedigrees which involved careful individual assessments of relatives. He references widely clinical and statistical genetic studies, many focusing on the newly discovered Mendelian laws. However, Rüdin was no genetic reductionist but recognized the contribution of environmental risk factors to psychiatric illness arguing that they should be studied as part of a comprehensive research program. As a committed eugenicist, Rüdin also explored the implications of such a program for “racial hygiene.” Rüdin's contributions should be viewed in the context of his extensive collaboration from 1933 to 1945 with the National Socialists and his support for their eugenics program, including involuntary sterilizations.
Radiation‐initiated chitosan‐based double network hydrogel: Synthesis, characterization, and adsorption of methylene blue
Authors: Du Wenjie , Fan Jinxu , Ma Rui , Yang Gang , Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Shifan , Chen Tao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA novel chitosan (CTS)‐based double network Poly(2‐acrylaMido‐2‐Methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid)/Polyacrylamide/CTS hydrogel was synthesized by irradiation initiated. Laponite RD (RD) was used as both dopant and the cross‐linking agent. Then the fabricated hydrogel was applied as an efficient adsorbent to remove the methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution. This hydrogel has both high strength and good adsorption properties for MB. The results from Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method confirmed that the hydrogel has a large specific surface area (96 m2/g) and developed pore structure, which is available for the contact between the adsorbent and dye molecules. In the adsorption process, the RD provides plenty of negative charges as adsorption sites for MB molecules. The influence of pH, temperature, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption performance was investigated in detail. The experimental data fit well with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. Besides, the mechanical strength of the hydrogel was also investigated in this work.
Transforming 3D CAU‐10‐H into 2D Materials with High Base Stability for Membrane Separation
Authors: Guan Lu , Ma Zhangjie , Guo Xiangyu , Qiao Zhihua , Zhong Chongli 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have received a significant research attention owing to their unique chemical and physical properties. These materials not only provide the chemically active sites and exposed surface atoms, but also display the porous nature suitable for their use as membranes for gas separation. In this study, 3D CAU‐10‐H has been transformed into a novel alkali stabilized 2D CACl‐10 (180). Though CACl‐10 (180) is similar to AlOOH, it is a novel 2D nanomaterial synthesized by using 4‐chloroisophthalic acid and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, with thermal decomposition at 300 °C. Further, CACl‐10 (180) is noted to retain its framework structure in strong alkali solutions, attributed to the alkali‐resistant aluminum hydroxide. At the same time, it has been demonstrated that 3D CAU‐10‐H can also transform into 3D CACl‐10 (140) and 3D CACl‐10 (130), and the halogen atoms of the ligands (−Cl) affect the alkali stability of the materials. Subsequently, the PVAm‐CACl‐10 (180)/MPSf mixed matrix membranes were prepared and applied for CH4/N2 separation. The developed membrane exhibits the CH4 permeance of 1647.99 GPU with a CH4/N2 selectivity of 3.1. As a result, 2D CACl‐10 (180), with a strong alkali stability and an acceptable CH4/N2 membrane separation performance, represents a high potential of application in the membrane separation process.
UPLC‐PDA coupled HR‐TOF ESI/MS2‐based identification of derivatives produced by whole‐cell biotransformation of epothilone A using Nocardia sp. CS692 and a cytochrome P450 overexpressing strain
Authors: Pandey Ramesh Prasad , Dhakal Dipesh , Thapa Samir Bahadur , Bashyal Puspalata , Kim Tae‐Su , Sohng Jae Kyung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEpothilone A, a microtubule‐stabilizing agent used as therapeutics for the treatment of cancers, was biotransformed into three metabolites using Nocardia sp. CS692 and recombinant Nocardia overexpressing a cytochrome P450 from Streptomyces venezuelae (PikC). Among three metabolites produced in the biotransformation reaction mixtures, ESI/MS2 analysis predicted two metabolites (M1 and M2) as novel hydroxylated derivatives (M1 is hydroxylated at the C‐8 position and M2 is hydroxylated at C‐10 position), each with an opened‐epoxide ring in their structure. Interestingly, metabolite M3 lacks an epoxide ring and is known as deoxyepothilone A, which is also called epothilone C. Metabolite M1 was produced only in PikC overexpressing strain. The endogenous enzymes of Nocardia sp. catalyzed hydroxylation of epothilone A to produce metabolite M2 and removed epoxide ring to produce metabolite M3. All the metabolites were identified based on UV–vis analysis and rigorous ESI/MS2 fragmentation based on epothilone A standard. The newly produced metabolites are anticipated to display novel cytotoxic effects and could be subjects of further pharmacological studies.
Pretreatment Glasgow prognostic score predicts survival among patients with high PD‐L1 expression administered first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy for non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Imai Hisao , Kishikawa Takayuki , Minemura Hiroyuki , Yamada Yutaka , Ibe Tatsuya , Yamaguchi Ou , Mouri Atsuto , Hamamoto Yoichiro , Kanazawa Kenya , Kasai Takashi , Kaira Kyoichi , Kaburagi Takayuki , Minato Koichi , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Kagamu Hiroshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are no established biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with high programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression. In this study, we investigated whether the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and body mass index (BMI) can be used to evaluate the effect of first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who express high levels of PD‐L1.MethodsWe reviewed data from 142 patients with high PD‐L1 expression who underwent first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy for NSCLC at six Japanese institutions between February 2017 and June 2019 and assessed the prognostic value of the GPS, NLR, and BMI. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine differences in progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The GPS, NLR, and BMI were calculated using C‐reactive protein and albumin concentrations, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, and body weight and height, respectively.ResultsThe GPS independently predicted the first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy efficacy, as a good GPS (GPS 0–1) was associated with a significantly better PFS and OS compared to a poor GPS (GPS 2) (PFS: 11.8 vs. 2.9 months, p < 0.0001; OS: not reached vs. 8.3 months, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, BMI independently predicted efficacy, as patients with high BMI (BMI ≥21.4) exhibited significantly better OS compared to those with low BMI (BMI <21.4) (OS: not reached vs. 14.1 months, p = 0.006).ConclusionsAmong patients with high PD‐L1 expression undergoing first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy for NSCLC, the GPS is significantly correlated with both PFS and OS, and BMI with OS, indicating that they could be used to predict treatment outcome in these patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the relationship among the GPS, NLR, and BMI and survival among patients with high PD‐L1 expression undergoing first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy for NSCLC.