bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unani Medicine: Significance of Asbab-e-Sitta Zarooriya in times of Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Fatma Araf , Perveen Aisha , Rehman Sana Ur , Khan Rabia 
Published: January 2021

SARS COV-2 belongs to the beta coronavirus genera, it is believed that bats as warm-blooded flying vertebrates are ideal hosts for coronavirus gene source. COVID-19 caused by novel coronavirus was originated from Wuhan city of Hubei Province in China in December 2019. The common symptoms comprise fever, cough, malaise, and shortness of breath. The incubation period is between 2 - 14 days. In this paper we have deliberated the structure of viruses; varying symptoms among COVID-19, SARS, MERS, and approach to tackling this problem with utmost effective Unani alternatives. Unani medicine endeavors to find the best conceivable ways by which a person can lead a hale and hearty life with minimum or zero sicknesses. Unani scholars believe by practicing important things like the use of fresh and clean water, breathing clean air and eating fresh food, upholding a balance between the mind and the body so that the metabolic processes can function effortlessly and the body wastes are evacuated, by enhancing immunity, and keeping an equilibrium between (Asbab-e-Sitta Zarooriya) six essential factors for life one can stay away from diseases.
Keywords: COVID-19, Unani Medicine, SARS COV-2, Asbab-e-Sitta Zarooriya.
Tanqiya wa Tadeel (Evacuation and Rejuvenation): The Unani Concept as Evolutionary Basis for Conventional Stroke Management
Authors: Nayab Mohd , Kouser Hina V , Ansari Abdul Nasir 
Published: January 2021

The treatment of stroke has always been a challenge for all systems of medicine. The modern medicine has substantially been capable to treat and control both, the haemorrhagic and ischemic strokes in emergency situations. The current approach of modern medicine relies on thrombolysis, antithrombosis, neuroprotection and rehabilitation. While the former two approaches yield significant mortality and morbidity reduction with available thrombolytic and antithrombotic agents but the latter two approaches have limited success with prevalent neuroprotective agents and physical therapy. While the Unani medicine approach in treatment of stroke strongly resemble to that of modern medicine, the action of thrombolysis and antithrombosis exerted by Unani drugs; however, remains undesirably slow in acute stroke and may lead to relatively extended damage to brain tissues in comparison to significantly effective control achieved by modern medicine. The latter part of stroke recovery in the form of rehabilitation remains tardy with available modern approaches, however, several studies done in stroke rehabilitation, following the principle of Tanqia and Tadeel of Unani medicine, have shown promising results in relatively rapid recovery from various post stroke disabilities. Unani drugs used in various dosage forms under the rubric of tanqia and tadeel possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and neuroprotective properties represented by Muhallil (Resolvent), Mulattif (Demulcent), Munaqqie Dimagh (Brain Cleanser), Mufatteh Sudad (Deobstruent), Muhallile Auram (Anti-inflammatory) and Jali (Cleanser) terminologies, used for drug actions in Unani medicine. The explicable reason of early recovery during rehabilitation appears to be the rapid improvement in neuroplasticity of brain exerted by various active constituents of Unani drugs used in various combinations and permutations in different dosage forms. The term tanqia stands for evacuation of morbid material and tadeel for rejuvenation. The principle of tanqia and tadeel of Unani medicine offers all therapeutic approaches for various forms and stages of stroke and therefore provides theoretical and practical bases for the evolution of modern medical approaches in stroke management.
Keywords: Falij; Istefragh; Munzij; Mushil; Nuzj
Trajetória de professores das escolas multisseriadas do Munícipio de Concórdia/SC e suas práticas educativas (1950-1970)
Authors: Zotti Solange Aparecida , Schwingel Francini Coelli Schneider 
Published: January 2021

Concórdia/SC tornou-se município em 1934 e sua economia estava assentada na agricultura de subsistência nas pequenas propriedades rurais familiares. Nesse contexto se desenvolve uma rede de escolas multisseriadas que tem por objetivo a alfabetização da população do campo. Este trabalho apresenta a trajetória de um grupo de professores das escolas multisseriadas do Município e analisa as práticas educativas desenvolvidas por estes profissionais e que caracterizaram as escolas, considerando-se o contexto socioeconômico do município. De caráter qualitativo, foram realizadas oito entrevistas que exploraram os temas formação, planejamento, processo de aprendizagem, métodos de ensino e sistema de avaliação. As práticas educativas das escolas se caracterizaram tradicionais e a diversidade é um aspecto positivo no processo de aprendizagem, bem como o papel dos professores na comunidade.
DETEKSI KEBERADAAN CITRUS VEIN PHLOEM DEGENERATION (CVPD) DENGAN TEKNIK PCR (POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION) DI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Taufik Muhammad , Khaeruni Andi , Pakki Terry , Gianto Gianto 
Published: January 2021

Detection of ocurrence Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration (CVPD) with PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique in Southeast Sulawesi. CVPD disease incidence in Southeast Sulawesi based on symptoms have never been reported. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique was utilized to detect CVPD with specific primer forward OI and reverse OI2, specific for amplication of Liberobacter asiaticum DNA. The result of the reseach indicated that 69% of orange trees in Ladongi, Kolaka District and 65% of orange trees in Lalembuu 1, Konawe Selatan district showed the symptom. PCR technique successfully amplified DNA of bacterium L. asiaticum with the size of 1100 bp.
DIAGNOSIS DAN PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA PAKIS DENGAN FUNGISIDA
Authors: Sumardiyono Christanti , Joko Tri , Kristiawati Yuli , Chinta Yufita Dwi 
Published: January 2021

Leatherleaf fern is an important export commodity of floriculture. One of the most destructive disease on leatherleaf fern is anthracnose. The aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of antracnose-like disease on leatherleaf fern, to detect the pathogen in soil, and to control the disease with fungicides. Diagnosis was done with modified Koch Postulate. Identification of the pathogen was done by direct observation from the symptom under microscope. Isolation of the pathogen from die back leaves and soil was done on PDA. Inoculation was done on apple fruit indicator. The tested fungicides were difeconazole, benomyl, mancozeb+cymoxanil 8/64, tebuconazole, acebenzolar e-methyl+mancozeb 1/48, mancozeb, and 73.8% mancozeb + 6.2% carbendazim. In vitro test was done by poisoned food technique at 0% (checked), 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4% concentration, while field test was done at 0.4% level concentration. Field application of pesticides was conducted by spraying twice a week for eight weeks. The result showed that the anthracnose-like disease of leatherleaf fern was anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp. The pathogen was found and survived in soil. In vitro test showed that 0.4% was the best concentration to inhibit mycelium growth. Based on this result, field experiment was done on 0.4% concentration of fungicides. The mixture of 73.8% mancozeb and 6.2% carbendazim was the most effective fungicide to inhibit Colletotrichum sp. in vitro. Spraying with 0.4% concentration eight times significantly reduced disease intensity in the field.
ANALYSIS OF FEASIBILITY LEVEL OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA ON WORKSHOP WORK SUBJECTS AND TECHNICAL DRAWING
Authors: Armi Hidayati , Dewi Ika Parma 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the analysis of the feasibility level of interactive learning media in Workshop Work and Engineering Drawing Subjects for Class X Audio Video Engineering at SMK Negeri 1 West Sumatra. The method used in this research is the descriptive method using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The types of data used in research are quantitative data and qualitative data. The research instrument in the form of a questionnaire was used to obtain data about the level of validity of learning media. This questionnaire was filled in by two material experts and two media experts. The aspects that are validated in this study are the aspects of content (material) and aspects of display (media). The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that interactive learning media obtained an average score of 87% from both material experts and 84% from both media experts. Based on the results of these studies interactive learning media in Workshop Work and Technical Drawing Subjects are in the "Very Valid" category.

Keywords: Feasibility Level Analysis, Interactive Learning Media, Workshop Work, and Technical Drawing
Determining the Content of Nutrition and Organoleptic Test of Chips from Jackfruit Seed and Durian seed
Authors: Sofiyanita Sofiyanita , Nurhayati Sri 
Published: January 2021

The seed of jackfruit and seed of Durian are solid waste and rarely consumed by society. To increase economic value, the seed of jackfruit and the seed of Durian utilized and processed to be new food source and one of them was chips. The study was done in three stages, making the chips from the seed of jackfruit and the seed of Durian, analyzing the content of nutrient and organoleptic test. Analyzing the content of nutrient in the study was the level of protein, fat, water, dust, and carbohydrate and organoleptic test at color, taste, aroma, and texture from chips produced. Based on the results of study that the level of protein, fat, water, dust, carbohydrate and organoleptic test of chips from the seed of jackfruit was 1.1151%, 0.9687%,9,3626%, 43118%, 84.2419%, and the chips from the seed of Durian the level of protein, fat, water, dust, and carbohydrate were 1.0786%, 2.7932%, 8,8043%, 3.4763 and 83.8477%. The chips from the seed of jackfruit and the seed of Durian had high level of carbohydrate. Thus the writer likes the chips form the seed of jackfruit and the seed of Durian. Based on Anova test toward color, taste, aroma, and texture it indicated that there is no the difference between the seed of jackfruit and the seed of Durian.
Characterization and Antioxidant Activity Edible Film of Durian (Durio zibethinus) Seed Starch with the Addition of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaf
Authors: Fatisa Yuni , Agustin Nadya 
Published: January 2021

Edible film is one of the environmentally friendly packaging materials and not harmful to health because it is made up of natural ingredients such as proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides. In addition to environmentally friendly, the development of edible film on food packaging can provide better product quality, as it is made from natural ingredients that contain various natural chemical compounds that are beneficial and can be directly consumed. In this study prepared edible film derived from durian seed starch with the addition of soursop leaf extract. This research aimed at knowing the physical and chemical characteristics, and antioxidant activity of the edible film. The type of research used is experiment methods. The results showed that the best research findings of the edible film were on the addition of 2 g soursop leaf extract and the physical characteristic was transmission of water vapor that was 1.70 g/m2. 24 hours, the chemical characteristics were water content that was 17.33% and activity of antioxidant that was 1.5875 mg/mL.
Combination of Sinabung Volcanic Ash and Humic Acid Against Characteristics of Humid Silica Fertilizers
Authors: Apriyani Veny , Girsang Thomson A.S , Sirait Ribka , Simatupang Lisnawaty 
Published: January 2021

Volcanic ash from Mount Sinabung has a large silica (SiO2) content of 69,93% and contains minerals needed by soil and plants. This potential cannot be directly utilized due to the acidic nature of volcanic ash which can damage plants. To be used as fertilizer, the process can be accelerated by adding humic acid from chicken manure. So the purpose of this study is to manufacture humic silica fertilizer by combining volcanic ash with humic acid from chicken manure and and the characteristics of humic silica fertilizer. In this study a method of extracting humic acid from chicken manure was used using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 0,25 M solution and mixing volcanic ash with humic acid. The results of humic acid extract from chicken manure were then combined with volcanic ash from sinabung. Nutrients from the combination obtained at variation 60:40 with the highest organic C were 1.37%, N total 0.24%, Phosphate 20.64 ppm and Potassium 0.664 me / 100g with pH fertilizer 6 and crumb texture and free neutral which indicates the fertilizer is ready to use.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SIJUKKOT EKSTRACT (Lactuca Indica L.)
Authors: Panjaitan Jesica C.R. , Silalahi Albinus 
Published: January 2021

Have been carried out Phytochemical screening on Sijukkot which determited as Lactuca indica L, the plant from Gibeon hill forrest area in the village of Parsaora Sibisa Ajibata, Toba Samosir, North Sumatera. Test carried out to determine the composition of secondary metabolites contained in these plants. It was started by extracting plant leaves using 96% ethanol solvent which was carried out by maceration method and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The concentrated extract obtained was sponsored by phytochemical tests. Phytochemical test results on ethanol extracts from the leaves of the Sijukkot plant were obtained compositions namely Flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and triterpenoids.
Refugees, Humanitarian Internationalism, and the Jewish Labour Committee of Canada 1945–1952
Authors: Chanco Christopher 
Published: January 2021

This article examines the humanitarian internationalism of the Jewish Labour Committee of Canada (JLC) between 1938 and 1952. Throughout WWII, the JLC sent aid to European resistance movements, and in its aftermath participated in the “garment workers’ schemes,” a series of immigration projects that resettled thousands of displaced persons in Canada. Undertaken independently by the Jewish-Canadian community, with the assistance of trade unions, the projects worked to overcome tight border restrictions and early Cold War realpolitik. In doing so, the JLC united Jewish institutions, trade unionists, social democrats, and anti-fascists across Europe and North America. It also acted in a pivotal moment in the evolution of Canada’s refugee system and domestic attitudes toward racism. As such, the JLC’s history is a microcosm for the shifting nature of relations between Jews, Canada, and the left writ large.

Cet article examine l’internationalisme humanitaire du Jewish Labour Committee du Canada (JLC) entre 1938 et 1952. Tout au long de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, le JLC a envoyé de l’aide aux mouvements de résistance européens et a participé, après l’armistice, aux « garment workers’ schemes », une série de projets d’immigration qui ont permis de réinstaller des milliers de personnes déplacées au Canada. Entrepris indépendamment par la communauté juive canadienne et avec l’aide de syndicats, ces projets ont permis de surmonter les restrictions frontalières et la realpolitik du début de la guerre froide. Ce faisant, le JLC a réuni des institutions juives, des syndicalistes, des sociaux-démocrates et des antifascistes de toute l’Europe et de l’Amérique du Nord. Il a également agi à un moment charnière de l’évolution du système canadien d’octroi de l’asile et des attitudes de la population à l’égard du racisme. En tant que telle, l’histoire du JLC est un microcosme de la nature changeante des relations entre les Juifs, le Canada et la gauche au sens large.
The poetic world of Andrey Krivoshapkin
Authors: Popova Matrena Petrovna , Okorokova Varvara Borisovna 
Published: January 2021

In this article, the subject of the study is the poetics of the poems of the people's writer of Yakutia Andrey Vasilyevich Krivoshapkin. A.Krivoshapkin is a major writer not only of Even literature, but also of national literatures of the peoples of the North. His talent is multifaceted: he is a poet, novelist, publicist. The highest achievements of the writer are his ethnographic poems вЂ“ "The World of Even", "The Sacred Deer". The authors of the article consider in detail such aspects of the topic as the reflection of the sacred images of the Even people, the national vision of the world in the poetic world of A.Krivoshapkin. Special attention is paid to the writer's poetic description of the feat of his native people, who first mastered the Far North and for many centuries fought for survival in its harsh conditions. В After the research, the authors of the article came to the following conclusion: in his poems "The Sacred Deer", "The World of Even" Andrey Vasilyevich Krivoshapkin most deeply revealed the strength of the soul, the steadfastness of the northern man before the harsh nature, his wisdom. Depicting the special world of Even and its national character, he creates a full-blooded image of the entire way of life of his native people. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the authors were able to reveal the special poetic world of Andrei Krivoshapkin, where the spiritual and moral values of all the northern peoples are presented through realistic descriptions of the everyday life of the Evens. The poet becomes an expression of their aspirations and hopes for the future.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT DENGAN METODE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECTS UNTUK MENGURANGI PRODUK CACAT DI CV SERAT KELAPA
Authors: Simamora Daniel Novendra , Soenarno Yanuar Nanok 
Published: January 2021

Selama ini, CV Serat Kelapa dapat memberikan kuantitas yang sesuai, namun belum dapat memberikan kualitas yang sesuai dengan harapan pelanggan. Maka itu perusahaan membutuhkan tools untuk meningkatkan kualitas produknya. Salah satunya perusahaan dapat menggunakan metode Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. Penulis membuat analisa penerapan penurunan jumlah produk cacat dan meningkatkan kualitas produknya dengan menggunakan metode failure mode and effects ana/ys/s,yang didasarkan pada urutan prioritas penyebab produk cacat (Risk Priority Number). Analisis ranking didasarkan pada severity, occuranees, dan detection. Penulis menganalisis dan mengimplementasikan metode Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, sehingga didapatkan 3 urutan prioritas tertinggi yang menyebabkan produk cacat di CV Serat Kelapa, yaitu pada proses pencetakan serat kelapa (cocoboard), proses blender, dan proses pengeringan serat kelapa. Setelah melakukan perbaikan di urutan prioritas tersebut dan di seluruh proses produksinya, CV Serat Kelapa dapat mampu memenuhi kualitas yang diinginkan oleh pelanggannya. Dengan begitu akan meningkatkan image perusahaan, pelanggan akan melakukan repeat business, sehingga dapat meningkatkan laba perusahaan
O pré-natal do parceiro sexual: importância para a saúde do homem e da gestante
Authors: Vitoretti Felipe Mateus , Penna Lucas Gonçalves Soares Drummond , Souza Matheus Gabriel Santos , Couto Miguel de Assis Simões , E Silva Rafael Simão , De Souza Leda Caldeira , Jacob Marcelo Brandão , De Miranda Sâmara Pereira , Machado Marcela Rodrigues , Zimmermmann Juliana Barroso 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a saúde dos parceiros sexuais de gestantes, bem como a sua importância para a evolução da gestação. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 81 indivíduos. Foram analisados parceiros participativos à consulta até 32 semanas de gestação, submetidos a anamnese, pesquisa de antecedentes pessoais, familiares, participação na gravidez da parceira, exame físico e exames laboratoriais; dados e intercorrências clínicas durante o pré-natal das gestantes acompanhas pelo parceiro foram colhidos, utilizou como grupo controle gestantes com pré-natal sem participação de parceiros. Estatísticas foram realizadas com software JAMOVI (ios) versão 1.1.9. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Considerando a participação do parceiro ou não durante o pré-natal, não houve mudanças estatisticas significativas em relação a progressão esperada da gestação bem como as complicaçoes mais comuns dessa fase. Em relação a saude do parceiro o fator de maior preucupação foi a média de IMC classificada como sobrepeso. Conclusão: A participação do parceiro no pré-natal, não influenciou nas intercorrências clínicas da gestante para o determinismo do parto, mas foi possível identificar alterações da própria saúde do parceiro que merecem orientação, controle e tratamento.
Method Development and Validation for Quantification of Sulfamethoxazole in Human plasma by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Vijey Aanandhi M  , Yamini R  , Elancheziyan K  , Prakash Chand T  , Aysha Jadeera K A  , Binoy Varghese Cheriyan  
Published: January 2021

The main objective of the study aimed at developing and validating the advanced effective Liquid-Liquid Extraction method for evaluating Sulfamethoxazole in Human plasma, by following the FDA guidelines using UPLC-MS/MS and Sulfamethoxazole D4 as Internal Standard. The analyte was eluted using Acetonitrile: 10mM Ammonium Formate pH 4.5 (60:40 v/v) flows through the column and flow-rate of 0.400mL/min. The injected volume set was 5µl. Chromatogram obtained with isocratic elution with efficient separation. Spiking concentrations were fixed for the Calibration Curve and Quality Control samples that produced the linearity over the range of 320.635ng/ml to 22009.900ng/ml for the standard curve. The slope 0.0000535324 and corresponding intercept was plotted using the developed method. The method has been validated according to all established parameters of inter and intra precision and accuracy and showing recovery of 71.39% and 71.14% for SM and SMD4 respectively. Reinjection and Reproducibility and Auto Sampler Carry Over Test were met with the specifications. The validated method drew accuracy and meets specifications for the Big Batch, Hemolyzed and Dilution Integrity samples. This assay method was developed that proves all the stability parameters for the matrices as well as solutions used for the study and suitable for the bioequivalence study. The proposed method may also be applicable for the study of combined formulations.
A Review on conceptual framework of Drug Side Effects and Pharmacoresistance in Epilepsy
Authors: Satish Kumar Sharma  , Suruchi Singh  
Published: January 2021

Epileptic seizures in the form of involuntary body movements have made patients’ lives extremely difficult. There are mainly two types of seizures partial or focal seizure affect just one side of the brain and generalised seizures affect the whole brain of a person. The person suffers from neuro-sensory deregulation and consciousness loss, coupled with episodes of seizures. Different drug therapies have been used for epilepsy patients targeting neurotransmitters regulation mechanisms. The drug targets and mechanism of action in polytherapy remain ambiguous. However, 6 out of 10 patients quit antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy due to side effects like depression, aggression and psychosis. Several behavioral side effects make them socially awkward, due to which patients cease to continue drug therapies. The combined effect of AED side effects and resorting therapies lead to recurrent seizures which further disturb the neurotransmission on account of every seizure episode. The present review describes epilepsy in terms of clinical treatments and associated side effects. The study provides a novel conceptual loop of correlation between AED polytherapy, side effects and Pharmacoresistance. This review creates caution for clinicians to think intricately before prescribing drugs for epilepsy and ensure communication of side effects. The review opens research prospectives for drug targets to break the conceptual loop for the Pharmacoresistance. Further, this paper enhances the understanding of epilepsy and improves diseases condition.