bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEACHER EDUCATION, A STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING TEACHERS OUTPUT IN NIGERIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Authors: Usman Y. D. 
Published: March 2021

The quality of teachers in Nigerian education sector has been a source of concern to stakeholders in recent time given that every nation strives towards the provision of quality education for its citizens in realization that education is an essential means to consolidate the nation’s developmental progression. The importance of teachers to the socio-economic development of any nation cannot be overemphasized given that teachers are the most important factor in quality education and responsible for the transformation and execution of educational policies and curriculum in line with the expectations of the society. Even though various teacher education courses are offered by different institutions with varying degree of achievement recorded, various problems still confront the programme with far reaching consequences on education system which have invariably affected the quality of products churned out of the education system in Nigeria. This paper examines the influence and relevance of quality teacher education on teacher’s efficiency in Nigeria. Some challenges affecting teacher education like inadequate funding, poor policy implementation and lack of motivation were identified. In view of the fact that achieving quality education will be an illusion if teacher education is not in good shape, some solutions to the identified constraints like allocation of adequate funds for the education sector, review of teacher education curriculum, appointment of seasoned educationist as heads of education institutions in the country and regular training and re-training of teachers are also adduced for remediation.
Usman, Y. D. | Federal Road Safety CORPS (FRSC), Nassarawa Eggon, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
SEQUENTIAL PEROXIDE-OXIDATION AND ADSORPTION TREATMENT OF CASSAVA PROCESSING WASTEWATER: PROSPECTS AND LIMITATIONS IN AUGMENTATION OF WATER BUDGETING PRACTICES
Authors: Omotosho A. O. , Ewemoje T. A. 
Published: March 2021

Cassava processing is an industry common to most West African countries as well as in other tropical countries of the world. The processing of cassava is known for its high consumption of water resources. This study therefore investigates the potential for cassava processing water conservation using combined peroxide-oxidation and adsorption recycling processing technology. A Sequential Peroxide-Oxidation and Adsorption treatment process was established by producing cassava peel carbon and activated carbon from waste cassava peels. This was used in the adsorption of pollutant parameters in oxidized cassava processing wastewater. The study further went on to estimate the volume of water that could be conserved in Nigeria through the employment of the Sequential Peroxide-Oxidation and Adsorption treatment process with the aid of a 3-scenario water-based estimation techniques. The research revealed that the estimated volume of water employed in processing cassava through fermentation process is about 1,525 l/ton while that for non-fermentation process is about 960 l/ton. However, an estimated 104,951.36, 100,195.20 and 95,639.04 million litres of water could be conserved considering each of the three cassava process combination scenarios. The study concluded that if cassava industry could make use of the combined peroxide-oxidation and adsorption recycling processing technology described as in the experimental procedure, substantial volume of water resources could be conserved and recycled for other uses such as irrigation, as well as groundwater recharge thereby improving water budget.
Omotosho, O. A. | Agricultural Engineering and Environmental Unit, Institute of Agricultural Research & Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TIN MINING POND WATER USED FOR IRRIGATION IN PLATEAU STATE, CENTRAL NIGERIA
Authors: Mafuyai G. M. , Ayuba M. S. , Zang C. U. 
Published: March 2021

The present work was conducted by monitoring the water from twelve major tin mine ponds water in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria (Bokkos, Barkin – Ladi and Jos – South) used for irrigation. Their quality was assessed in terms of physico-chemical parameters for dry and rainy seasons. The physico-chemical parameters such as; Turbidity, pH, Temperature, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Phosphate (PO43-), Sulphate (SO42-), Chloride (Cl- ), Fluoride (F-), Sodium (Na+) and Potassium (K+) were investigated to ascertain the water quality for irrigation purposes. Water quality parameters with regards to its use for the purpose of irrigation such as FAO/WHO/FEPA standards satisfy the requirement for use in agriculture. However, turbidity which ranged from18.1 – 27.4 and 15.9 – 18.8, dissolved oxygen 20.9 – 26.3 and 20.2 – 27.4 mg/L, Total alkalinity 101 – 134 and 122 – 167mg/L, total phosphate 6.3 – 8.9 and 6.5 – 10.5 mg/L, BOD 7.4 – 23.8 and 7.2 – 29.2 mg/L, potassium 1.13 – 1.18 and 3.81 – 4.63 mg/L both in dry and rainy seasons, respectively were found to be above the irrigation water standard limits. The study therefore recommends that the mining pond water should be used with caution as some of the parameters are liable to be toxic to the irrigated crops. The positive correlation exhibited among some of the parameters examined is a clear indication of a common relationship between these sources of water.
PERSPECTIVES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ECOWAS CONVENTION ON SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Dinshak L. D. 
Published: March 2021

In spite of the robust provisions of the ECOWAS convention for the control of small arms and light weapons (SALW) in West Africa, Nigeria which is a leading Member State has been experiencing daunting challenges to personal human security posed by the large-scale availability of SALW. Although Nigeria has made some efforts towards the implementation of the Convention, the status of the country in that regard has not been clear. This paper sought to examine the nature of the implementation of the Convention in Nigeria with a view to determining the lacuna in the process and addressing it. In-depth interviews were conducted with relevant stakeholders and leaders of institutions such as the ECOWAS Commission and Nigeria’s Presidential Committee on Small Arms (PRESCOM). Secondary data were also used including official documents and researches related to them. The study revealed that Nigeria has failed to domesticate and implement the Convention accordingly. It therefore recommended that the Federal Government should urgently take steps towards establishing the National Commission and put the required structure and support to ensure its effective and efficient implementation.
Dinshak, L. D. | Centre for Conflict Management and Peace Studies, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
AN ANALYSIS OF NIGERIA’S NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTION (NDC) IN THE TRANSITION TO A LOW CARBON ECONOMY
Authors: Okoh A. I. S. 
Published: March 2021

This paper examines the complexity of achieving economic growth simultaneously with low carbon transition in Nigeria. Nigeria’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) seeks to carry out far-reaching cuts capable of reducing the scale of pollution recorded in the country. But the ratification of the agreement also works at cross-purposes with Vision 20:20 and the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP) since these development blueprints are heavily reliant on fossil fuels. Qualitative data was used to arrive at the study’s' findings, complemented with quantitative data based on Nigeria Energy Calculator modelling tool for analyzing energy demand and supply in the country. The paper observed that a plethora of issues were impediments to the implementation of the NDC. That, fossil fuel energy generation as palliative is incapable of addressing issues of externality. Thus, Nigeria needs a new socio-economic contract termed the Food Sufficiency Economy (FSE) to usher in a net zero carbon trajectory. FSE is a convergence of food sovereignty and sufficiency economy. It is also in line with Africa’s eco-bio-communitarianism perspective, but slanted towards Climate-Smart Agriculture as the building block for a low carbon and climate resilient future.
Okoh, A. I. S. | Department of Political Science, Benue State University Makurdi, Nigeria.
SOCIAL DISTANCING OR PHYSICAL DISTANCING? TOWARDS A REAL PARADIGM TO CONTAIN COVID-19
Authors: Nnebedum C. 
Published: March 2021

In the time of Corona Virus also known as 'Covid-19', the World Health Organization (WHO) graded the situation as a "pandemic". One of the measures set out in order to contain the disease by all the countries is what they refer to as "social distancing". The term “social distancing” is misleading. What is being actually proposed relates to physical distancing, and deserves to be so described. A more accurate expression "physical distancing," best combined as ‘maintaining social closeness while keeping at a physical distance’. In situations like that of Covid-19, social contact is necessary for the psychological-balance of the people. People would need affectionate love and attention from one another through encouragement, sharing of ideas, readiness to help, communications and new contacts. All these are not possible if people are to distance themselves socially. In this paper, we expose the aberrations and inappropriateness of
Making Movies with Song: Movement, Style, and the Invitations of Music
Authors: Rickert Thomas 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThis essay responds to Alva Noë's arguments that popular musics (rock, country, etc.) organize listeners through style and personality, while other musics, such as classical and jazz, organize listeners on the music itself. Noë's arguments suggest that music is an existential phenomenon, and thus that music is ontological. There is much to like here, including the idea that musics can be existentially different. However, the work of pop musics cannot be confined solely to stylistics and personality; pop also has musical interest, which I explicate as the exploration of sound (3D)—timbre, groove, beat, tonality, texture, and so on. Classical, jazz, and other kinds of music may seek to emphasize the music itself (2D), but they are also caught up in style. Music, I conclude, is rhetorical in how it organizes or “moves” us, and we must attend to all its dimensions, musical and stylistic, in order to understand how so.
Choreography as Breakdown: Alva Noë and Dance
Authors: Noland Carrie 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe essay explores Alva Noë's theory of choreography as a practice that recapitulates (and heightens our awareness of) quotidian forms of perception—perception understood as a set of organized behaviors aiming for “the right critical stance.” Noë argues (pace Heidegger) that the moment when we become aware of the organized, constructed nature of our behaviors is not a “breakdown” but rather a choreographic “display” of perception as a form of research. I begin by examining how his theory of dance and dance spectatorship developed through collaborations first with Lisa Nelson, then with William Forsythe. Next, while still approaching choreography as the “display” of perceptual practices, I move toward a conclusion that Noë allows but does not pursue. Studying a scene from Pina Bausch's Café Müller, I propose that choreography displays not our mastery of reality but our lack thereof. Perceptual habits give us a world, but one in which we are never quite “at home.” For me, the conceptual payoff of the aestheticization of movement (or choreography as display) is not simply that we become aware that perception is organized and rhetorically framed, but also that perceptual practices are impeded by the “critical stance” or rhetorical frame that orients them.
EFEITO DE UM PROGRAMA DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS NA FORÇA DE PREENSÃO PALMAR EM IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS
Authors: Moraes Jonathas Da Silva , Alli-Feldmann Lidiane Requia , Cruz Kelly Diana Pereira da , Martins Jadiani Fucilini , Pereira Lucimara De Souza , Vieira Daniel Da Rosa , Franco Rebecca Moreira 
Published: March 2021

Introdução:A Força de Preensão Palmar(FPP) é um importante medidor de força para membros superiores; com ele pode-se mensurar a condição de saúde, grau de independência e funcionalidade do indivíduo. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos na força de preensão palmar em idosos residentes de uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI), antes e após um programa de exercícios físicos aplicados durante 6 meses. Método: A amostra foi composta por 15 idosos com média de 77,2 anos ± 7,5, sendo 9 mulheres e 06 homens, residentes de ILPI. Nos critérios de exclusão os indivíduos não poderiam apresentar limitação física que impedisse a prática de atividades físicas, foi utilizado um dinamômetro digital, a preensão palmar foi registrada em quilograma-força (kgf), ajustou-se para cada indivíduo de acordo com o tamanho das mãos, realizando três medidas para a mão esquerda e três para a direita, com um período recuperatório de um minuto entre as tentativas, no final a média das três medidas era o valor da FPP. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que não foi encontrado valores significativos estatisticamente na FPP, no entanto, ao observarmos as médias de antes e depois nota-se um aumento tanto da mão esquerda quanto da direita após o período em que foi introduzido o programa de exercícios físicos; a FPP direita teve um acréscimo de 0,7066 kgf equivalente a um aumento de 4,47%, já a FPP esquerda obteve 1,9786 kgf equivalente a um aumento de 13,04%.Conclusão:Sugere-se que um programa de exercícios físicos nas ILPIs,influencia positivamente na sociabilidade, disposição e autonomia.
SOBRECARGA E PERFIL DE CUIDADORES INFORMAIS DE PESSOAS IDOSAS FRÁGEIS CADASTRADAS EM CENTROS DE REFERÊNCIA DE ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL
Authors: Cesário Larissa Cayla , Mota Gabriela Marques Pereira , De Jesus Isabela Thais Machado , Zazzetta Marisa Silvana 
Published: March 2021

Com o aumento da longevidade e a presença de fragilidade, juntamente com doenças crônicas e dependências nas pessoas idosas se faz necessário o apoio de Políticas Públicas para suprir necessidades dessa população. A situação se agrava quando o indivíduo com fragilidade necessita de cuidador. Objetivo: analisar a sobrecarga de cuidadores informais e dificuldades da prestação de cuidados de longo prazo de idoso cadastrado em CRAS de município do interior paulista. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Participaram do estudo cuidadores informais, que cuidam há pelo menos 3 meses, com aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CAAE 09267319.0.0000.5504). Utilizou-se questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de Sobrecarga de Zarit e pergunta aberta em relação às dificuldades de cuidado. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados mediante estatística descritiva e os qualitativos por meio de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 18 cuidadores informais. A maioria pertencia ao sexo feminino (88,8%), com média de idade de 59 anos (dp=12,13), casados (77,7%), sem renda individual (72,2%) e desempregados (72,2%). Quanto à sobrecarga avaliada, 66,6% apresentaram sobrecarga, sendo 44,4% de leve a moderada e 22,2% de moderada a severa sobrecarga. Quanto às dificuldades no cuidado, 77,7% dos entrevistados afirmaram ter dificuldades. Na análise qualitativa dos relatos emergiram duas categorias temáticas: dimensão subjetiva do cuidado, relacionada a aspectos emocionais e dimensão objetiva do cuidado, relacionada a dificuldade em concretizar tarefas de cuidado. Conclusão: Evidencia-se sobrecarga e dificuldades vivenciadas por cuidadores informais, tornando-se importante o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que apoiem esse grupo populacional.
INFLUÊNCIA DA DOR CRÔNICA NA CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL, FRAGILIDADE E EM CONDIÇÕES DE SAÚDE DE IDOSOS
Authors: Dames Cachapuz Novaes Areta , Bettoni Blanco Loren , Alves José Emanuel , Gramani-Say Karina 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: No envelhecimento a prevalência pode ser alta de doenças crônicas e degenerativas, de dor crônica e dependência para a realização de atividades de vida diária e redução da mobilidade. A dor crônica está entre a condição crônica mais prevalente encontrada associada a quedas. Objetivo: Verificar a influência da dor crônica na capacidade funcional, no equilíbrio postural, na fragilidade, e outras condições de saúde dos idosos. Metodologia: Corte transversal (CEP3332310) em idosos acima dos 60 anos com dor crônica há pelo menos 6 meses, da Oficina de Prevenção de Quedas na Atenção Básica. Divididos em grupos: caidor (GDC) (n=11) pelo menos duas quedas nos últimos doze meses e não caidor (GDNC) (n=12) sem relato de quedas. Foi avaliado o tempo, intensidade e local da dor, Atividades de Vida Diária, cognição, desempenho funcional e fenótipo de Fried. Foi realizado o teste T-Student e Mann-Whitney (p≤0,05; STATISTICA 7.0) Resultados: A intensidade média de dor relatada foi de 5,95 (±2,07), 12 idosos relataram dor em 1 local do corpo (53%), enquanto 11 relataram em 2 locais ou mais (43%), com duração média de 121,04 (±121,84) meses, não houve diferença entre os grupos para a variável dor. Evidenciou-se diferença significativa para a variável fragilidade (p=0,03) para o GDNC em relação ao GDC. Não houve diferença para as demais variáveis avaliadas. Conclusão: Especificamente nesse grupo de Prevenção de Quedas, a dor crônica associada ao autorrelato de quedas não influenciou em perdas funcionais e/ou piores condições de saúde.
Exercise-Based Interventions as a Management of Frailty Syndrome in Older Populations: Design, Strategy, and Planning
Authors: Furtado Guilherme , Caldo Adriana , Rodrigues Rafael , Pedrosa Ana , Neves Rafael , Letieri Rubens , Hogervrost Eef , Maria Teixeira Ana , Pedro Ferreira José 
Published: March 2021

Exercise-based interventions emerged as the best alternative for treating frailty syndrome (FS). Recognized as a complex phenotype, the FS is a multifaceted aging expression determined by biologic, environment, and behaviors factors. The biological theories of human development perceive aging process as an accumulation of harmful biochemical changes, whose occurrence attends the course of life. The progressive losses of functional reserves that occur in the body systems are a hallmark of this negative process. Despite the biological effects of physical and cognitive decline, more contemporary studies have identified that the environmental and behavior factors such as malnutrition and negative psychological adjustment across the life span also contribute to the early appearance of FS. Notwithstanding the latest findings that consistently demonstrate an overall positive benefit of long-term-based exercise in the decrease and/or reversal of the FS with a substantial impact on their correlated outcomes, the focus of this chapter is to present strategies for designing exercise programs for this type of population, taking into account their practical application in the field.
MAS: Maximum Energy-Aware Sense Amplifier Link for Asynchronous Network on Chip
Authors: Sakthivel Erulappan , Madavan Rengaraj 
Published: March 2021

A real-time multiprocessor chip model is also called a Network-on-Chip (NoC), and deals a promising architecture for future systems-on-chips. Even though a lot of Double Tail Sense Amplifiers are used in architectural approach, the existing DTSA with transceiver exhibits a difficulty of consuming more energy than its gouged design during various traffic condition. Novel Low Power pulse Triggered Flip Flop with DTSA is designed in this research to eliminate the difficulty. The Traffic Aware Sense amplifier MAS consists of Sense amplifiers (SA’s), Traffic Generator, and Estimator. Among various SA’S suitable (DTSA and NLPTF -DTSA) SA are selected and information transferred to the receiver. The performance of both DTSA with Transceiver and NLPTF-DTSA with transceiver compared under various traffic conditions. The proposed design (NLPTF-DTSA) is observed on TSMC 90 nm technology, showing 5.92 Gb/s data rate and 0.51 W total link power.
Impact of Nanosilica in Ordinary Portland Cement over Its Durability and Properties
Authors: Reddy Babu Gude , Gireesh Kumar Pala , Venkata Ramana Nelluru , Madhusudana Reddy Bhumireddy 
Published: March 2021

The present examination illustrates the impact on the hardened and fresh cement mortar and cement with the inclusion of nanosilica of size 40 nm in various environmental conditions (UltraTech, India). It is quite notified that an elevation in compressive strength as well as flexural strength along with an improvisation in the performance and life span of cement mortar. The samples of M5 grade blended with a ninety percentage of concrete and remaining with nanosilica was identified to have a finer working elevation in as well as in standards when collated with the conventional cement mortar. The corollary of hardened and fresh cement, strength parameters were looked upon with the aid of XRD (X-ray Diffraction). Also, the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) test holds a predominant role in analysis.
The Role of Statistical Methods and Tools for Weather Forecasting and Modeling
Authors: P. Agbo Emmanuel 
Published: March 2021

The need to understand the role of statistical methods for the forecasting of climatological parameters cannot be trivialized. This study gives an in depth review on the different variations of the Mann-Kendall (M-K) trend test and how they can be applied, regression techniques (Simple and Multiple), the Angstrom-Prescott model for solar radiation, etc. The study then goes ahead to apply some of them with data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), and applying tools like the python programming language and Wolfram Mathematica. Results show that the maximum ambient temperature for Calabar is increasing (Z = 2.52) significantly after the calculated p-value <0.05 (significant level). The seasonal M-K test was also applied for the dry and wet seasons and both were found to be increasing (Z = 3.23 and Z = 4.04 respectively) after their calculated p-values <0.05. The relationship between refractivity and other meteorological parameters relating to it was discerned using partial differential equations giving the gradient of each with refractivity; this was compared with results from the correlation matrix to show that the water vapor contents of the atmosphere contributes significantly to the variation of refractivity. Multiple linear regression has also been adopted to give an accurate model for the prediction of refractivity in the region after the residual error between the calculated refractivity and predicted refractivity was minimal.