bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
redes sociales y su influencia en el comportamiento de estudiantes de pregrado de Enfermería
Authors: Trajo de Rios Mirtha Sussan , Ríos Pérez Isidro Javier , López Balarezo Jorge Adalberto , Aguilar Luna Victoria Miguel Angel , Cruz Castañeda Carlos Manuel 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Conocer la influencia de las redes sociales en el comportamiento de los estudiantes de Pregrado de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión Año 2018. Materiales y Métodos: La población estuvo conformada por 280 estudiantes matriculados en el semestre académico 2017-II, se utilizó el muestreo aleatorio simple de 100 estudiantes. Se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta que fueron validadas por el método del Juicio de Expertos y para la confiabilidad se empleó el Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. La investigación es aplicada y no experimental. Resultados: El 81% fueron mujeres y 19% hombres; sus edades estuvieron comprendidas de 17 y 26 años. El uso de las redes sociales está distribuido: excesivamente 10%, moderadamente 70% y escasamente 20%; el comportamiento: bueno 73%, moderado 22% y bajo 5%; 7% presentan alta adicción a las redes sociales, 76% moderada y 17% baja. Las relaciones interpersonales está distribuida: buena 34%, moderada 64% y poca 2%; la dependencia a las redes sociales: 13% bastante, 57% moderada y 30% poca y los cambios de personalidad: 7% bastante, 17% moderado y 76% poco. Conclusiones: Existe alta influencia de las redes sociales en el comportamiento, la adicción a las redes sociales en las relaciones interpersonales del comportamiento y la dependencia a las redes sociales en los cambios de personalidad del comportamiento.Palabras clave: Redes sociales, adicción, cambios de personalidad.
Aldos, Plantín y Moretos
Authors: Cordero Luis Agustín 
Published: January 2021

Otras ediciones preciosas que existen en la Biblioteca Nacional deLima, son dos éditos de Aldo, cuatro de Plantín y asimismocuatro de Moreto. Y vamos a dar de ellos, en el momentooportuno, una sucinta descripción tanto de la parte textual como de sus vallosos contenidos, siendo algunos de ellos americanistas. Pero antes, nos detendremos en las interesantes biografías de cada uno de estos hombres de la imprenta, para tener una idea cabal acerca de su obra.
Groundwater erosion of coastal gullies along the Canterbury coast (New Zealand): a rapid and episodic process controlled by rainfall intensity and substrate variability
Authors: Micallef Aaron , Marchis Remus , Saadatkhah Nader , Pondthai Potpreecha , Everett Mark E. , Avram Anca , Timar-Gabor Alida , Cohen Denis , Preca Trapani Rachel , Weymer Bradley A. , Wernette Phillipe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Gully formation has been associated to groundwater seepage in
unconsolidated sand- to gravel-sized sediments. Our understanding of gully
evolution by groundwater seepage mostly relies on experiments and numerical
simulations, and these rarely take into consideration contrasts in lithology and permeability. In addition, process-based observations and detailed instrumental analyses are rare. As a result, we have a poor understanding of the temporal scale of gully formation by groundwater seepage and the influence of geological heterogeneity on their formation. This is particularly the case for coastal gullies, where the role of groundwater in their formation and evolution has rarely been assessed. We address these knowledge gaps along the Canterbury coast of the South Island (New Zealand) by integrating field observations, luminescence dating, multi-temporal unoccupied aerial vehicle and satellite data, time domain electromagnetic data and slope stability modelling. We show that gully formation is a key process shaping the sandy gravel cliffs of the Canterbury coastline. It is an episodic process associated to groundwater flow that occurs once every 227 d on average, when rainfall intensities exceed 40 mm d−1. The majority of the gullies in a study area southeast (SE) of Ashburton have undergone erosion, predominantly by elongation, during the last 11 years, with the most recent episode occurring 3 years ago. Gullies longer than 200 m are relict features formed by higher groundwater flow and surface erosion > 2 ka ago. Gullies can form at rates of up to 30 m d−1 via two processes, namely the formation of alcoves and tunnels by groundwater seepage, followed by retrogressive slope failure due to undermining and a decrease in shear strength driven by excess pore pressure development. The location of gullies is determined by the occurrence of hydraulically conductive zones, such as relict braided river channels and possibly tunnels, and of sand lenses exposed across sandy gravel cliffs. We also show that the gully planform shape is generally geometrically similar at consecutive stages of evolution. These outcomes will facilitate the reconstruction and prediction of a prevalent erosive process and overlooked geohazard along the Canterbury coastline.
La Atención a la Diversidad en las universidades españolas a través de los discursos de sus líderes
Authors: Langa Rosado Delia , Lubián Graña Carlos 
Published: January 2021

La mayor parte de las universidades españolas se encuentran en una fase inicial avanzada de implantación de políticas de Atención a la diversidad (AD) como parte de su responsabilidad social. No obstante, resulta un campo aún poco explorado el del estudio de los presupuestos éticos y/o políticos sobre los que se asientan las prácticas concretas de AD. Este trabajo forma parte de un proyecto I+D+I en el que participan 8 universidades españolas. En la primera fase del proyecto se ha abordado el análisis, entre otros agentes universitarios, de los discursos de los líderes institucionales. Hemos buscado acercarnos a los usos pragmáticos del concepto “diversidad” que hacen distintos tipos de líderes responsables de la AD. A través de la realización y análisis del discurso de 24 entrevistas hemos intentado acercarnos a la gramática de justicia educativa sobre la que se construye y se atiende lo diferente en el ámbito universitario. Una de nuestras principales conclusiones tiene que ver con la identificación de cierto desplazamiento semántico que en los discursos de AD en la universidad se da con respecto a los temas del poder, los conflictos y la justicia social, que no obstante los presupone y los integra en unas claves predominantemente pedagógico-funcionalistas.
The “Unknown” Middle Easterner: Post-Racial Anxieties and Anti-MENA Racism Throughout Colonized Space-Time
Authors: Fourlas George N. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Here, the claim that Middle Eastern (MENA) persons are racialized is a response to complexities that define the United States (US); namely, the language of race is seen as antiquated or misleading, and thus it fails to capture MENA American experiences, leading some to call for different terminology (i.e., xenophobia or Islamophobia). The author argues that we should call social-political violence committed against MENA people racism because to name it otherwise is to ground the experience in an incomplete description which affords lighter moral responsibility and omits historical conflict. The article first elaborates the problem of racial conflict in the US and the specific problem of MENA racialization. It then responds with a historical argument that emphasizes key genealogical markers in the co-emergence of orientalism, colonialism, and racialization. The article closes by contrasting the idea of race with competing terms to defend its use on descriptive and normative grounds.
The Persistence of Scientific Racism: Ernst Cassirer on the Myth of Race
Authors: Xiang Shuchen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article argues that Ernst Cassirer's views about the concept of substance and his views on mythic consciousness are applicable to the concept of race. By analyzing examples from the most influential and representative racial theories, this article shows that the concept of race functions like the concept of substance whereby random, large-scale, and irreducibly complex phenomena is explained through the deterministic behavior of a smaller, material, constituent part. Given that mythic consciousness explains causality in the same way, this substance-mode explanation of becoming can also be termed “mythic.” Further, under this substance/racial understanding of personhood, humans have no agency to determine their own fates. It is this fatalism that Cassirer railed against in The Myth of the State. In place of this substance (racial) understanding of personhood, and as this article will describe, Cassirer argued for a “functional” (cultural) understanding of personhood.
A representação do discurso do outro e os posicionamentos identitários
Authors: Rodrigues Daniella Lopes Dias 
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo apresento resultados de estudo sobre a representação do discurso do outro (RDO) em artigos científicos publicados em revistas Qualis A e B nas áreas de Linguística, Ciências Sociais e Engenharias, à luz dos aportes teóricos da linguística da enunciação, a fim de evidenciar que a escrita de pesquisa não é homogênea como pressupõem, geralmente, os manuais que a orientam. Partindo da premissa de que o discurso direto revela o RDO no sentido estrito, quer dizer, o discurso direto tem por objeto um ato de enunciação outro, bem como um estatuto autônomo ou de menção conferido ao enunciado reapresentado (AUTHIER-REVUZ, 2008), identifiquei 233 citações diretas do tipo longa (denominação dada pela ABNT), as quais foram cotejadas, o que me permitiu categorizá-las em teórica, documental e cultural, dados seu estatuto epistêmico e a origem da citação. Tal resultado pode: i) servir de ponto de partida ou de fio condutor para reflexões sobre os modos de textualização e discursivização da escrita de pesquisa; ii) levar os estudantes universitários a refletir sobre as características da escrita científica da sua área disciplinar; iii) possibilitar o uso consciente do RDO de modo que ele sirva para a construção de quadros teóricos mais consistentes e funcionais em gêneros como ensaios, artigos, projetos, dissertações e teses.
Effects of Antipsychotic Medication on Mortality in Long-Term Care Home Residents
Authors: John Stones Michael , Randle Jason , Brink Peter 
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines mortality in long-term care home (LTCH) residents as associated with the use antipsychotic medication when combined with other psychotropic medications. The data at census-level pertain to all new admissions to long-term care homes (LTCH) in Ontario, Canada, during a given financial year (i.e., over 20,000 LTCH residents). The observations include comprehensive assessment upon admission and at quarterly intervals thereafter for a maximal period of 1-year after the initial assessment. The mortality data derive from three linked databases, with mortality classified as death within 90 days of the final assessment. The findings indicate that combinations of concurrent daily usage of antipsychotic medication with daily usage of other psychotropic medications (particularly antidepressants and analgesics) are associated with relatively low mortality, whereas intermittent usage (e.g. pro re nata; as needed) is associated with relatively high mortality.
Perfluorooctane sulfonate exerts inflammatory bowel disease-like intestinal injury in rats
Authors: Liang Hai , Yang Miao , Zeng Cheng , Wu Wei , Zhao Liying , Wang Yu 
Published: January 2021

Background
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a type of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), can induce various organ toxicity, including hepatomegaly, immunotoxicity, and gut microbiota disorder. PFCs have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Yet, whether PFOS exposure causes IBD-like disorder and the underlying mechanism remains undefined. Here, we investigated the influence of PFOS exposure on the development of IBD-like disorder in rats.

Methods
Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with PFOS (1 or 10 mg/kg) or normal saline (NS) every other day for 15 days. Body weight, serum concentrations of serum amyloid A (SAA) and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. Pathological assessments of villi height and crypt depth in the proximal duodenum and jejunum were performed using H&E staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to assay cell apoptosis in the jejunum. The infiltration of inflammatory cells and cytokines in the jejunum were detected by immunohistochemistry analysis.

Results
PFOS (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the body weight, SAA and hsCRP, whereas no significant differences were observed in PFOS 1 mg/kg group of rats. The villi height and crypt depth in the proximal duodenum and jejunum were significantly reduced upon PFOS exposure. PFOS induced higher histopathological score in intestinal tissues compared to NS. Notably, TUNEL-positive cells were significantly higher in the jejunum upon PFOS exposure. Further, neutrophil and macrophage accumulated, and inflammatory cytokines infiltration were also remarkably increased in rats exposed to PFOS.

Conclusion
PFOS induces IBD-like phenotypes in rats, with associated inflammatory infiltration to intestinal.
Evaluation of Bactericidal and Fungicidal Efficacy of Strychno spotatorum Linn. (Nirmali) Seeds
Authors: Sharmila Chandiran , Selvam Rajendiran , Subramanian Sorimuthu Pillai 
Published: January 2021

Aim: Diseases due to pathogenic microbes pose a great burden on human health and they have been correlated with socioeconomic, environmental, and ecological factors. The threat due to infectious diseases is further intensified by the continued emergence of new and multidrug resistant microorganisms. This scenario warrants a continuous search for antimicrobial agents preferably of plant origin due to their availability, accessibility, and affordability. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal properties of Strychnos potatorum Linn (Nirmali) seeds using common pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains.
Methodology: Fresh and matured S. potatorum seeds were used for the present study. The powdered seeds were delipidated with petroleum ether (60-80°C) overnight and the extract was filtered. Soxhalation was performed with 95% ethanol to extract the phyto-ingredients from the seeds. Four Gram positive, four Gram negative, and eight fungal strains were used. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion and well diffusion methods. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) Minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC), Minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were assayed.
Results: The data obtained through the disc diffusion, well diffusion, the minimum bactericidal concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentrations revealed that the ethanolic extract of the seeds possesses significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. The results obtained were compared with standard drugs widely prescribed for antimicrobial therapy.
Conclusion: The present study provides the scientific rationale for the use of Strychnos potatorum seeds in traditional medicine and a rich source of phytochemicals having significant antimicrobial activities.
Reappraisal of the association between the DRD2 gene, alcoholism and addiction
Authors: Gorwood P. , Batel P. , Gouya L. , Courtois F. , Feingold J. , Adès J. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryWe analysed the impact of the TaqI A1 allele of the D2 dopamine receptor gene on the risk for alcoholism, trying to depict three explanations frequently proposed to explain discrepancies in association and linkage studies: that the A1 allele may act as a marker rather than as a vulnerability factor, that stratification biases and unevaluated controls may explain positive results, and that the A1 allele is modifying the phenotype rather than increasing the risk for alcoholism. We thus tested another (dinucleotide STRP) marker within the DRD2 gene, selected a new homogenous sample of 113 alcoholic patients and 49 unaffected controls strictly matched for ethnic origins, and systematically assessed both samples with a semi-structured interview to detect (in both samples) alcohol dependence, but also such related traits as specificities of complications.The frequency of the A1 allele was not significantly different between alcoholics and controls but when comparing different subgroups of alcoholics, the A1 allele was significantly more frequent in alcoholic patients with somatic complications (OR = 3.00, CI[1.37-6.62]), social and professional complications (OR=2.72, CI[1.25-5.90]), or with co-morbid dependence (OR = 2.88, 95% IC [1.16-7.15]). The association for co-morbid dependence and somatic complications was also positive when taking into consideration both STRP and TaqIA polymorphisms.The A1 allele does not increase the risk for alcoholism per se in our sample, but may be involved in a related trait which is partially dependent on the diagnosis of alcoholism, through a disequilibrium with another close mutation.
NURSE‐MIDWIVES' KNOWLEDGE AND PROMOTION OF LACTATIONAL AMENORRHEA AND OTHER NATURAL FAMILY‐PLANNING METHODS FOR CHILD SPACING
Authors: Fehring Richard J. , Hanson Lisa , Stanford Joseph B. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to describe and assess certified nurse‐midwives' (CNMs) knowledge and promotion of two modalities for child spacing, natural family‐planning (NFP) and the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM). One thousand two hundred CNMs were randomly selected from a national membership list and mailed a 24‐item questionnaire on NFP and LAM. Of the 514 respondents (42.8% return rate), 450 (87.5%) were currently practicing as CNMs. Respondents had an average age of 46 years, with an average of 10 years of practice. CNMs ranked NFP as the ninth most used and the eighth most effective family‐planning method in their practice, with an average perceived method‐effectiveness of 88% and use‐effectiveness of 70%. Although most respondents felt somewhat prepared during their education program to provide NFP, only 22% would offer NFP as a family‐planning option for child spacing.
Clinical features of homozygous FIG4‐p.Ile41Thr Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth 4J patients
Authors: Lafontaine Maxime , Lia Anne‐Sophie , Bourthoumieu Sylvie , Beauvais‐Dzugan Hélène , Derouault Paco , Arné‐Bes Marie‐Christine , Sarret Catherine , Laffargue Fanny , Magot Armelle , Sturtz Franck , Magy Laurent , Magdelaine Corinne 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe describe the clinical, electrodiagnostic, and genetic findings of three homozygous FIG4‐c.122T>C patients suffering from Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 4J (AR‐CMT‐FIG4). This syndrome usually involves compound heterozygosity associating FIG4‐c.122T>C, a hypomorphic allele coding an unstable FIG4‐p.Ile41Thr protein, and a null allele. While the compound heterozygous patients presenting with early onset usually show rapid progression, the homozygous patients described here show the signs of relative clinical stability. As FIG4 activity is known to be dose dependent, these patients’ observations could suggest that the therapeutic perspective of increasing levels of the protein to improve the phenotype of AR‐CMT‐FIG4‐patients might be efficient.
In silico mechanically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization: A detailed kinetic study
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Tian‐Tian , Luo Zheng‐Hong , Zhou Yin‐Ning 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMechanically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (mechanoATRP) utilizing ultrasound to generate activators and improve the diffusivity of macromolecular chains is introduced as an innovative externally controlled ATRP. Herein, a comprehensive kinetic model with free volume theory based “series” encounter pair model accounting for diffusional limitations on termination, activation, and deactivation is developed for the mechanoATRP of methyl acrylate. Comparative study by using different diffusion models, for example, wp model and reduced composite kt model, as well as constant apparent kjapp model confirms the goodness of the as‐developed model. Critically, mechanochemically induced reduction rate coefficient kr,s as a key kinetic parameter is associated with experimental conditions excluding the sonication effect by a fitting equation for the first time. In silico tracking of polymer dispersity with the help of kinetic model shows a better result compared with that by the classical dispersity equation. By defining an ultrasonic factor γj, a qualitative analysis for the effect of ultrasound conditions on the diffusional limitation in mechanoATRP is presented.
α‐tACS over the somatosensory cortex enhances tactile spatial discrimination in healthy subjects with low alpha activity
Authors: Saito Kei , Otsuru Naofumi , Yokota Hirotake , Inukai Yasuto , Miyaguchi Shota , Kojima Sho , Onishi Hideaki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionSpontaneous oscillations in the somatosensory cortex, especially of the alpha (8 − 14 Hz) and gamma (60 − 80 Hz) frequencies, affect tactile perception; moreover, these oscillations can be selectively modulated by frequency‐matched transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on the basis of ongoing oscillatory brain activity. To examine whether tACS can actually improve tactile perception via alpha and gamma modulation, we measured the effects of 10‐Hz and 70‐Hz tACS (α‐ and γ‐tACS) on the left somatosensory cortex on right‐finger tactile spatial orientation discrimination, and the associations between performance changes and individual alpha and gamma activities.MethodsFifteen neurologically healthy subjects were recruited into this study. Electroencephalography (EEG) was performed before the first day, to assess the normal alpha‐ and gamma‐activity levels. A grating orientation discrimination task was performed before and during 10‐Hz and 70‐Hz tACS.ResultsThe 10‐Hz tACS protocol decreased the grating orientation discrimination threshold, primarily in subjects with low alpha event‐related synchronization (ERS). In contrast, the 70‐Hz tACS had no effect on the grating orientation discrimination threshold.ConclusionsThis study showed that 10‐Hz tACS can improve tactile orientation discrimination in subjects with low alpha activity. Alpha‐frequency tACS may help identify the contributions of these oscillations to other neurophysiological and pathological processes.
Synthesizing data by transferring information in data‐intensive regions to enhance process monitoring performance in data‐scarce region
Authors: Lyu Yuting , Chen Junghui , Song Zhihuan , Zhang Qinghua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSufficient data are necessary for valid process monitoring results. However, modern industrial processes sometimes switch to new modes to meet the changes in market demand. The available data in such a new mode are initially quite scarce and it brings huge obstacles to data‐based model construction. In this paper, a novel data synthesis method based on variational autoencoders is proposed to generate synthetic data for the data‐scarce region. The proposed method utilizes not only the original data in the data‐scarce region but also the data in other data‐intensive regions, which share some common information with the scarce data. To avoid model biases caused by the data imbalance between these regions, a model correction mechanism is also developed. Once the ultimate synthetic data of the data‐scarce region are acquired, they are combined with the original data to establish a local monitoring model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a real ammonia synthesis process.