bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis Before and After Treatment In Egyptian HCV Patients Treated With DAAs Using Non Invasive Parameters
Authors: Yosef Tareq M , Ibrahim Wesam A , El-Nakeep Sarah A , ElGhandour Ahmed M , Gerges Mariam W 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major health problem worldwide. More than one million people die each year from hepatitis C virus (HCV) related diseases.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the effect of direct acting antiviral drugs on hepatic steatosis in naïve HCV chronically infected Egyptian patients after reaching SVR12.

Patients and Methods
study was carried out on 100 treatment naive patients with chronic infection of HCV attending the out-patient clinic. The patients were diagnosed having HCV by detecting HCV antibodies by ELISA & PCR for HCV RNA at The Gastro-enterolgy and Hepatology Department, Ain Shams University and Kobry El Koba Military Hospital between August 2017 till February 2019.

Results
The mean TG, mean s. cholesterol and APRI Score decreased significantly showing a high statistical significant difference between baseline and SVR12. The mean HDL and LDL significantly increased showing a high statistical significant difference between baseline and SVR12. NAFLD Score increased from baseline to SVR12 showing a statistical significant difference in NAFLD Score between baseline and SVR12. Fibroscan median mean decreased showing a highly statistical difference in Fibroscan Median between baseline and SVR12. Out of 100 patients, cirrhosis regressed to F3 in 33 patients, F2 in 3 patients and didn’t regress to F1 in any patient, while the majority (43 patients) remained as F4 at SVR12.

Conclusion
APRI Score mean and Fibroscan median mean were significantly decreased, while NAFLD Score was increased among the studied groups from baseline and SVR12.
Effectiveness and Safety of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir in Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Egyptian Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Abdel-Mohsen Waleed A , Ahmed Ossama A , Teama Nahla M , ElGhandour Ahmed M , El Sayed Sarah M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with renal diseases is higher compared to the general population FDA has approved ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir for the treatment of patients with severe renal disease.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir in treatment of chronic Hepatitis C Egyptian Prevelant Hemodialysis patients to compare it with the same treatment result in chronic Hepatitis C Egyptian patients with normal renal functions.

Patients and methods
Written informed consent was obtained from all patients participating in the study .This case-control study was conducted on one hundred patients with confirmed diagnosis of HCV positive infection at Center of National Committee for Control of Viral Hepatitis [NCCVH] at Ain Shams University Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups Group I (Control Group): 50 Chronic Hepatitis C virus patients with normal renal functions Group II (Case Group) 50 chronic Hepatitis C virus Prevelant Hemodialysis patients on regular hemodialysis.

Results
95.1% of Prevelant Hemodialysis patients achieved Sustained Virological Response (SVR) while 100% of patients with normal kidney functions achieved Sustained Virological Response. Most common side effects were Hemoglobin drop, GIT disturbance, Sever fatigue and Itching.

Conclusion
Ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir considered as a safe and effective in treatment in HCV infection in patients on regular hemodialysis.
Study of neutrophil function in different age group
Authors: Rashad Sherein Mohamed , Aboali Fawzeia Hassan Ahmed , Fares Mohamed Nazmy , Shahin Rasha Yousef , Elmahdi Amira Ramadan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Neutrophils are the body's first line of defense against microorganisms, and a critical effector cell in both innate and humoral immunity. The immune system experiences profound changes with aging, thereby increasing the susceptibility to infectious diseases. Neutrophils from aged hosts consistently show impairments in the phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria, and the ability to kill phagocytosed microorganisms.

Objectives
determine oxidative burst function of neutrophil in in different age group.

Methods
cross sectional descriptive study, carried out in obesity clinic Ain shams university

Results
we found that Peak fluorescence intensity results is 95.5±2.6 in age group 20-40yr, 94.8±2.6 in age group 41-60yr and 86,8±15.1 in age group ≥61yr.The Percent neutrophil stimulation is 74.2 ±10 in age group 20-40yr, 74.8±9.2 in age group 41-60yr and 69.6± in age group ≥61yr .

Conclusion and Recommendation
there is a slight decreased in the peak fluorescence intensity and the Percent neutrophil stimulation with ageing. We recommend more healthcare of elderly to improve their immunological status.
Study of serum Micro-RNA 221 Expression in Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Its Relation to Outcome
Authors: Bayomy Sherief Samy , Botros Raef Malak , Elsherbini Alyaa Ahmed , Ali Hanan Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A major dilemma in the diagnostic management of thyroid nodules is to determine whether it is a benign or malignant lesion and hence to determine decision for surgery. The majority of individuals with thyroid nodules are asymptomatic. The current first line of evaluation of thyroid nodules encompasses thyroid hormone laboratory tests, and ultrasonography of the thyroid gland, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is often used to rule out cancer in thyroid nodules, in 20–30% of cases, however, FNAB yields indeterminate cytological results and suspicious for malignancy. Surgery was classically recommended for such indeterminate nodules for their risk of malignancy, which, overall, is about 25% when
confirmed histopathologically upon thyroidectomy. As a result, about 75% of patients with cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules would undergo unnecessary thyroid surgeries for nodules that prove to be benign only after surgery. Recent advances in research on thyroid carcinogenesis have yielded applications of diagnostic molecular biomarkers and profiling panels in the management of thyroid nodules. Among these markers are MicroRNAs (miRs) are small RNA sequences (19–25 nucleotides) that function to regulate the expression of genes. In this paper we aim to detect a possible of Micro-RNA 221 expression in sera of Patients With thyroid nodules and its relation to outcome after surgery.
Value of Plasma Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen-IgM Immune Complexes (SCCA-IgM IC) as a Novel Biomarker for Monitoring Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment Outcome
Authors: Yosef Tarek M , Nasser Haytham M , Kabiel Walaa A.Y , El-Ansary Amira R , Esmail Mohamed E. H , Salama Mohamed M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Assessment of the levels of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen-IgM Immune Complexes (SCCA-IgM IC) as a serum biomarker to assess the prognosis and treatment outcome of HCC after locoregional treatment

Aim of the work
Evaluation of plasma squamous cell carcinoma antigen-IgM immune complex (SCCA-IgM IC) level as a biomarker to predict response to treatment with radiofrequency ablation (RF) and/or trance arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in HCC patients.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted at the Internal Medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, during the period from July 2016 to November 2018 on 60 sequentially recruited patients with HCC undergoing locoregional treatment (RF and/or TACE). Patients were divided into two groups, Group A: 40 patients underwent TACE, Group B: 20 patients Underwent RF, all patients were followed up at 3 and 6 months post treatment. Patients who were excluded, those with HCC with late stage of the BCLC (Barcelona clinic liver cancer) staging system, patients with decompensated liver disease (Child-Pugh C), Hepato-renal syndrome or renal insufficiency, patients who had history of organ transplant or previously treated HCC.

Results
SCCA IgM IC serum level was significantly lower in patients without recurrence post TACE than patients with HCC recurrence at 3 and 6 months post treatment. SCCA IgM IC showed promising results especially when combining with AFP in diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response of HCC

Conclusion
the use of SCCA IgM IC in combination with AFP serum level may prove to be useful in assessing prognosis of HCC locoregional treatment
Role of Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) as a prognostic marker for fetal and maternal complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Halawa Mohamed Reda , Kolaib Magdy Hassan , El-Halawany Salah Hussein , Marwan Dina Ahmed , Shaheen Ola Mohamed Mostafa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first diagnosis during pregnancy. While GDM usually resolves following delivery, it can have long-lasting health consequences, including increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the mother, and future obesity, CVD, T2DM, and/or GDM in the child. This contributes to a vicious intergenerational cycle of obesity and diabetes that impacts the health of the population as a whole.
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone that is expressed predominantly in the liver, but also in other metabolically active tissues such as pancreas, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. An elevated FGF21 level is also an independent predictor of T2DM. GDM and T2DM are proposed to have similar underlying pathophysiologies, raising the question of whether a similar relationship exists between FGF21 and GDM as it does with T2DM.

Objectives
assess the role of Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) as a prognostic marker for maternal and fetal complications in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Patients and Methods
A case control study that was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 50 control subjects at Diabetes and Obstetrics outpatient clinic and inpatient ward at Ain Shams university hospitals in the period between December 2018 and July 2019. Patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at 24-28 weeks of gestation were included in this study.

Results
FGF 21 levels varied significantly with blood sugar values where higher levels of FGF 21 levels were found in patients with GDM with study results showing that FGF 21 can be used as a diagnostic marker for GDM at levels above 121 pg/ml with sensitivity 84% and specificity 92%.

Conclusion
FGF 21 can be used as a diagnostic marker for gestational diabetes. Further studies needed for better correlation between FGF 21 levels during pregnancy and maternal outcome.
Evaluation of the effect of glycemic control on the Growth and its relation to Insulin like growth factor binding protein type 3 in a sample of prepubertal Egyptian children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Halawa Mohamed R , El-Sherbeeny Aliaa A. Abdo , Elhalawany Salah H , Alesi Mohammed D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
PrePubertal children with type 1 diabetes mellitus are shorter than their non- diabetic peers. we aimed to evaluate the role of HbA1c and IGFBP-3 in this phenomenon.

Aim of the work: The aim of the study
was to evaluate the effect of glycemic control on the growth and IGFBP-3, represented by height, weight, height and weight percentiles for age in a sample of prepubertal Egyptian children with T1DM.

Patients and Methods
This study was a cross sectional study conducted on 80 pre-pubertal Egyptian children, divided into 25 Males and 25 Females with T1DM and 30 age matched controls (15 Males and 15 Females), the participants were recruited from the Outpatient Clinic of the Pediatric Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals and the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology in Cairo, Egypt during the period from July 2018 to August 2019. Anthropometric measures including height and weight were obtained and used to calculate the height and weight percentiles using the CDC calculators. HbA1c as well as IGFBP-3 levels were tested.

Results
The mean age (years) of the participants was (9.671±2.24) for male patients, (9.22 ± 2.19) for female patients and (8.39 ± 2.034) for controls. The height found to be lower in the children with T1DM when compared to the disease-free controls with median values of (129.287 ± 13.410) in male patients, (127.727 ±10.155) in female patients and (136.760 ± 13.431) in the controls. the height and weight percentiles (%) were found to be lower in the children with T1DM when compared to the disease-free controls, the height percentile with median values of 14.54 (IQR 27.95) in male patients, 17.93 (IQR 29.20) in female patients and 87.07 (IQR 20.48) in the controls. the weight percentile with median values of 40.68 (IQR 40.83) in male patients, 30.64(IQR 35.59) in female patients and 85.18 (IQR 20.17) in the controls. A negative correlation between HbA1c (%) and serum IGFBP-3 (ng/ml), height and height percentile were found with (0.014, 0.049 and 0.012) as well as a positive correlation between serum IGFBP-3 and height, height and weight percentiles (%), were found with (,0.004, 0.009 and 0.005 respectively). Serum IGFBP-3 levels were also found to be significantly lower in patients (P &lt; 0.001) with a mean value of (198.6 ± 45.335) in male patients and (168.4 ± 44.317) in female patients and (285.333 ± 61.936) in the disease-free controls.

Conclusion
Serum IGFBP-3 levels (ng/ml) as well as growth are negatively affected in prepubertal children with T1DM in relation to the glycemic control.
Effect of Dialysis Modality on Bone Disease in patient with End Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Alwahab Saeed Abd , Anwar Waleed , ElNassier Mostafa Abd , Aboalfarh Mohammed Elsaeed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The kidney plays a vital role in the metabolism of minerals and bone health. It is not only the target organ of several regulating hormones such as parathormon (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), but it is also the main organ that activates vitamin D. Calcium and phosphorus are fundamentally important in a wide array of biological functions. Abnormalities in calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D metabolism (usually referred to as disordered mineral metabolism) are common in patients with (CKD).

Aim of the work
Comparing the effect of hemodiafiltration (HDF) versus conventional Hemodialysis on bone markers.

Patients and Methods
The study was performed on 50 patients in Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital with end-stage renal failure treated by means of chronic hemodialysis (n = 25) and hemodiafiltration (n = 25). Inclusion criteria were end stage renal disease patients on regular hemodialysis for &gt; 6 months, their age&gt; 18 years old, no recent infection (normal CRP), cardiac or vascular access complication, none of the patients had history of bone disease, fracture or malignancy. As regarding blood transfusion and drug intake (affect bone metabolism or hemostasis) had not administered for 1 month perior to study.

Results
Both groups had lower levels of serum creatinine before and after sessions of HD or HDF but Hemodialysis (HD) patients has higher levels of phosphate and bone ALP, than patients on HDF.

Conclusion
Hemodiafiltration (HDF) has better effect on bone metabolism than Hemodialysis (HD).
Safe Ramadan Fasting in Patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Abushady Manal Mohammed , Abdel-Salam Mona Mohamed , Eid Yara Mohamed , Saad Mo'men Bahaa El-Din 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
All healthy, adult Muslims are obligated to fast from sunrise to sunset for one lunar month each year. During this time, they have to abstain from food, water, beverages, smoking, oral drugs and sexual intercourse. A large multicentred, epidemiological study in 13 Muslim countries also revealed that 43% of people with Type 1 diabetes and 86% of people with Type 2 diabetes observed the fast during Ramadan. Previously, an education programme in London has attempted to provide advice and support locally to Muslim patients with diabetes, who choose to fast during the month of Ramadan.

Objective
Safety & efficacy of diabetes health education programs in Ramadan fasting in people with T1DM.

Methods
The study was conducted on 60 Type 1 diabetic patients intended to fast Ramadan 2017 with average fasting hours 16 hrs. The patients were recruited form the Diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain-Sham University hospitals. All participants (60 subjects) received a basic health education program which was based on Conversational MAP (Living with diabetes). Then participants were subdivided into 2 equal groups each of 30 subjects: Group 1 received Modified IDF health education program for Ramadan fasting. Group 2 received Ramadan Conversational MAPS. Only 29 patients in group 1 and 24 patients in group 2 completed the study, while other 7 patients who attended pre-Ramadan health education sessions but were lost to follow up sessions during and after Ramadan, so they were excluded from the study.

Conclusion
Health education make Ramadan fasting more safe in those patients with type-I diabetes whatever the method of education.

Results
Speaking of effect of health education programs on safe Ramadan fasting, glycemic control & less frequent hypoglycemic episodes sһowed significant decrease in FBS before and after Ramadan in both study groups witһ a mean difference in FBS are 24.517 mg/dl and 61.833mg/dl IDF & MAPS groups respectively .
Study of Disturbed Eating Behaviors in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Essawy Heba E , Abdelgawad Ahmed A , Khamis Marwa E , Zakaria Alaa 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
There is emergent evidence that disturbed eating behaviors, including emotional eating and obesity, co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The current study aims to examine the link between ADHD symptoms, eating behaviors and obesity in ADHD children.

Patients and Methods
50 ADHD children diagnosed by Conners scale were included. They completed the Emotional Eating scale adapted for children (ESS-C) to evaluate eating in response to emotions.
Parents completed the Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) to assess children’s eating behavior. Multivariable regression analysis was used to detect the most independent factor for higher Body mass Index (BMI) risk. Results: Higher rates of overweight/obesity were detected among ADHD children than among normal population. Also, higher Conners global index was associated with higher BMI z-scores. Both Inattentive and combined types were linked to higher BMI, while hyperactive type with lower BMI. Regarding eating behaviors, a positive association between food approach and BMI, and a negative association between food avoidant and BMI z-scores was found. Similarly, there was a noteworthy positive relation between emotional overeating and BMI. 68% of ADHD children were high emotional eaters, mainly inattentive and combined types. Others, mainly hyperactive type, were low emotional eaters. Only ESS-C total score was confirmed as independent factor for higher BMI risk.

Conclusion
Our findings provide evidence that emotional overeating and food approach eating behaviors are common among ADHD children with higher BMI associated with them. Future studies for better understanding of this overlap will enhance potential interventions.
Psychiatric Comorbidities Of Video Games Addiction Among Egyptian Medical Students
Authors: Abd El-Meguid Hammed Marwa , Elrassas Hanan Hany , Soliman Amenah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
To assess psychiatric comorbidities with video games addiction among medical students of faculty of medicine, Ain Shams university.

Methods
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. which examined the relationship between videogaming addiction scale subcategories and psychiatric co-morbidities in the studied subjects. The studied subjects were assessed by Fahmy & Sherbini sociodemographic scale, lemmens scale and ICD-10.

Results
The results showed that the subjects who were having mania were 2 subjects (6.7%), 4 subjects suffering from depression (13.3%), 5 subjects suffering from cyclothymia (16.7%), 19 subjects were free from psychiatric co-morbidities (63.3%)

Conclusions
video gaming addicts have psychiatric comorbidities that warrants awareness of clinicians and families.
Suicide Probability Among Tramadol Addicts
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Saad , Mohsen Nesreen Mohammed , Ismail Lobna AbuBakr , Mahmoud Ayat Ullah Mazloum 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
The magnitude of the problem of substance use in Egypt has been growing lately. Substance use disorders have been associated with depression and suicide, as well as impulsivity and specific personality traits. Suicide is closely linked to the substances use. Therefore it is very important to confirm the factors that affect the possibility of suicide.

Aim of the Work
This study aimed at evaluating suicide risk and its correlation with each of personality disorders and severity of addiction in a sample of 72 tramadol addicts from outpatient clinic of Institute of psychaitry Ain Shams University hospitals.

Patients and Methods
This is a descriptive Cross sectional study conducted in outpatient clinic of Institute of psychaitry Ain Shams University hospital. The present study aimed at analyzing the demographic data of 72 tramadol addicts, over six months period from January 2018 to August 2019. The severity of the addiction problem among those patients was assessed using Addiction Severity Index (ASI), suicidal probability was assessed using suicide probability scale (SPS), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-VI Axis II (SCID-II) for assessing personality disorders and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I).

Results
The results showed that 32 (44.44%) of the patients had a risk of suicide probability. Also there was a statistically significant difference between risk of suicidal probability and personality disorders especially antisocial personality. It was found that the need for more power for work and pleasurable effects were the most risk factors for tramadol addiction.

Conclusion
Suicide probability was found to be (44.44%) among the studied tramadol addicts. The risk of suicide probability among them was found to be significant in each of the following: antisocial personality disorder, longer duration of addiction, being single and positive family history of addiction. Attention should be paid to include the assessment of suicidal risk as part of routine assessment of addicts.