bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence quantum efficiency of Ti3+:Al2O3 at cryogenic temperatures and excitation by laser diodes
Authors: Gribanov A , Nikolaev G , Mosin M , Yakovin D , Yakovin M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work the temperature dependences of the fluorescence of a titanium-sapphire crystal excited by radiation with λ=507 nm, λ=454 nm and λ=405 nm are measured. The quantum efficiency of fluorescence is determined. It was found for the first time that the quantum efficiency of fluorescence exceeds 100% in the cryogenic temperature range when the crystal is excited by radiation with λ = 454 nm. It is equal to (117 ± 5) % and (114 ± 5) % at T = 77 K for crystals grown by the Czochralski method and by gradient of temperature one, respectively.
Millimetre-wave range optical properties of BIBO
Authors: Nikolaev N A , Mamrashev A A , Antsygin V D , Ezhov D M , Lubenko D M , Svetlichnyi V A , Andreev Yu M , Losev V F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We present the thorough studies of optical properties of BiB3O6 (BIBO) crystal in the millimeter-wave (subterahertz) range. We observe a large birefringence Δn = nZ -nX = 1.5 and the values of absorption coefficients of all three axes to be less than 0.5 cm−1 at the frequency of 0.3 THz. The difference from visible range in angle ϕ between the dielectric axis z and crystallophysical axis X is found to be more than 6°. The simulated phase-matching curves in the xz plane of the crystal show the optimal value of the angle θ to be around 25.5°±1° for an efficient millimeter-wave generation under the pump of 1064 nm laser radiation.
Coexistence of light-induced thermocapillary and orientational effects in thin nematic films with a free surface
Authors: Shvetsov S.A. , Zolot’ko A.S. , Voronin G.A. , Emelyanenko A.V. , Statsenko P.A. , Trashkeev S.I. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The effect of nonlinear light action on a thin (∼10 µm) films of the nematic liquid crystal deposited onto the absorbing substrate is experimentally investigated. The dynamics of the orientational and thermocapillary effects is directly studied. The two types of orientational processes were found out. The first one appears for several hundreds of milliseconds when the light beam irradiation is turned on or off. The second one develops much slowly and does not relax during the light beam irradiation.
Laboratory modeling of a field-aligned currents system generated by a flow of inner magnetospheric plasma
Authors: Chibranov A , Berezutsky A , Efimov M , Zakharov Y , Miroshnichenko I , Posukh V , Rumenskikh M , Trushin P , Shaikhislamov I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For the first time in laboratory conditions, an experiment to simulate a system of field-aligned currents arising on planets such as Hot Jupiters in the presence of dense inner-magnetospheric plasma was carried out. The magnitude and transit time of field-aligned currents were measured as a function of the magnetic field using flat electrodes. The geometry of the expansion of plasma streams was pictured by gated camera. Also, in a first approximation, the efficiency of energy transfer from plasma flows to field-aligned currents was calculated. The results obtained create a basis for future laboratory experiments on this topic and improve existing numerical models.
Nonparametric Estimation of Multivariate Extreme Value Copulas with Known and Unknown Marginal Distributions
Authors: Samia Ayari , Boutahar Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is estimating the dependence function of multivariate extreme values copulas. Different nonparametric estimators are developed in the literature assuming that marginal distributions are known. However, this assumption is unrealistic in practice. To overcome the drawbacks of these estimators, we substituted the extreme value marginal distribution by the empirical distribution function. Monte Carlo experiments are carried out to compare the performance of the Pickands, Deheuvels, Hall-Tajvidi, Zhang and Gudendorf-Segers estimators. Empirical results showed that the empirical distribution function improved the estimators’ performance for different sample sizes.
Location Planning of Field Ammunition Depot for Multi-stage Supply Based on Dijstra Algorithm
Authors: Shi Xianming , Liu Haobang , Li Yuan , Zhu Bo , Liang Junpeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The location of field ammunition depots is related to the efficiency and effectiveness of ammunition supply and support, and is affected by the changing needs of different stages of operations. In response to complex situations such as damage to transportation roads, repairs, and dynamic changes in demand in the course of combat, the fastest supply speed is the primary goal, while the satisfaction rate, balance, and cost factors of the ammunition supply at each demand point are taken into account to build a multi-stage supply Site selection planning model for field ammunition depot. Use Dijstra algorithm’s hierarchical sequence method to determine the shortest supply time, gradually increase the supply time, find the relationship between supply time, satisfaction rate, balance and cost, and find a satisfactory location plan. Finally, the simulation case calculations show that the model can cover some key dynamic changes during wartime, with strong adaptability and more scientific site selection.
Evaluations of An Algorithm for Large Multivariate Optimization
Authors: Tenne Yoel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Many simulation-driven engineering and scientific problems require finding an optimum of a function with many variables. Such settings pose a challenge for standard algorithms due to the large search space which in turn can lead to poor final results. Therefore this paper proposes a new simplified approach in which the dimension of the problem is dynamically reduced during the search to formulate a problem of lower size (dimension) which is easier to solve. A main novelty of the algorithm is its simplicity. Numerical experiments show the potential of this approach.
Modelling of Traffic Flows and Supply Chains Based on Geospatial Knowledge
Authors: Kolesnikov A , Kikin P , Panidi E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The field of logistics and transport operates with large amounts of data. The transformation of such arrays into knowledge and processing using machine learning methods will help to find additional reserves for optimizing transport and logistics processes and supply chains. This article analyses the possibilities and prospects for the application of machine learning and geospatial knowledge in the field of logistics and transport using specific examples. The long-term impact of geospatial-based artificial intelligence systems on such processes as procurement, delivery, inventory management, maintenance, customer interaction is considered.
Modeling of Integrated Spectral Energy Distributions of Stellar Populations with Various Binary Fractions
Authors: Li Zhongmu , Yan Chen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Binary stars are common in the universe, but binary fractions are various in different star clusters and galaxies. Studies have shown that binary fraction affects the integrated spectral energy distributions obviously, in particular in the UV band. It affects spectral fitting of many star clusters and galaxies significantly. However, previous works usually take a fixed binary fraction, i.e., 0.5, and this is far from getting accurate results. Therefore, it is important to model the integrated spectral energy distributions of stellar populations with various binary fractions. This work presents a modeling of spectral energy distributions of simple stellar populations with binary fractions of 0.3, 0.7, and 1.0. The results are useful for different kinds of spectral studies.
Simulation of Formation of Binary Compact Objects in Globular Cluster
Authors: Deng Yangyang , Li Zhongmu , Chen Wen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Binary compact objects are the special binary systems, which were composed of compact objects (i.e., white dwarf, neutron star and black hole). They contribute a lot to the sources of gravitational waves. The study of binary compact objects in star clusters and galaxies can provide a theoretical guidance for gravitational wave detection and improve the probability of detection effectively. We simulate the formation and fraction of binary compact objects in a small globular cluster, via NBODY6++GPU, an efficient N-body simulation code. We obtain the fractions of white dwarf binaries and neutron star binaries at different ages. The results show that the dynamic interactions among stars can also result in some binary compact objects besides binary evolution.
Modeling Prediction and Research on Leaf Moisturizing Effect of Tobacco Redrying
Authors: Li Keqiang , Li Ruidong , Huang Wenyong , Yang Zehui , Zhang Xiaobing , Liu Jianguo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the influence of the process parameter setting of the hot-air leaf moisturizer on the quality index of the exit leaf during the secondary leaf conditioning of threshing and redrying, and establishes the corresponding prediction model. According to the characteristics of the characteristic process data of the secondary moisturizing, the prediction models of BP neural network and cyclic neural network are established. Call the current popular neural network writing framework TensorFlow’s high-level API interface to build the neural network structure. Gradually optimize the activation function, optimizer, number of hidden layer neurons and other key parameters in the neural network structure to make the prediction results of the test set reach the best state. By inputting the parameters of the front steam nozzle pressure, the front-end water flow rate, the hot air temperature, the return air temperature, the temperature of the feed blade, and the water combination of the feed blade, two key tobacco leaf evaluation indicators are predicted for the outlet leaf moisture and temperature. Based on the mean square error, root mean square error, and average absolute error of the prediction results as quantitative indicators, the three indicators of BP neural network are 7.17, 2.68, 1.83, and the three indicators of cyclic neural network are 4.70, 2.16, 1.74. It is concluded that the cyclic neural network has the best prediction effect. It has certain reference value for the tobacco factory to adjust the process parameters of the secondary leaf conditioning according to different conditions.
Injectable polyelectrolyte complex-nascent HAP biodegradable antibiotic delivery system for the treatment of osteomyelitis
Authors: George Liz Hannah , Arakkal Aswin , Sreedharan Prathapan , Sailaja G S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An injectable osteoconductive polyelectrolyte complex (PEC)–hydroxyapatite (HAP) formulation capable of controlled delivery of ciprofloxacin has been developed from a novel biodegradable PEC and antibiotic loaded nascent hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) for the treatment of osteomyelitis. A single source (chitosan) derived polyelectrolytes were complexed in situ in the presence of n-HAP, pre-loaded with ciprofloxacin. The PEC-(n-HAP) nanoformulation (HPEC) was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA and TEM analyses. HPEC combines functionalities of n-HAP (crystallinity and osteoconductivity) as well as PEC (biodegradable hydrophilic electrostatically bound macromolecular network) imparting better control over swelling and degradation kinetics favourable for drug release and transport of micronutrients. MTT assay and cytoskeleton staining (MG-63 cells) established cytocompatibility of HPEC. Early biomimetic mineralization of apatite was manifested under simulated physiological condition with a Ca/P of 1.23 (day 3) and 1.55 (day 6) complimented by in vitro biomineralization of MG-63 and human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells in a week (Alizarin Red S staining), which was further validated by calcium quantification. Antibacterial efficacy of HPEC has been evaluated by delivery kinetics of ciprofloxacin and by disc diffusion method against S. aureus and E. coli. The injectable system therefore possesses unique combination of functionalities: osteoconduction enriched with early biomineralization, antibacterial activity and is biodegradable; hence highly suitable for osteomyelitis treatment.
Added value of high-resolution climate projections over South Korea on the scaling of precipitation with temperature
Authors: Qiu Liying , Im Eun-Soon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study evaluates the resolution dependency of scaling precipitation with temperature from the perspective of the added value of high-resolution (5 km) dynamical downscaling using various kinds of long-term climate change projections over South Korea. Three Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (global climate models (GCMs) with different climate sensitivities, and one pseudo global warming (PGW) experiment, are downscaled by Weather Research and Forecasting one-way double nested modeling system with convective parameterization for the reference (1976–2005) and future (2071–2100) periods under RCP8.5 scenario. A detailed comparison of the driving GCM/PGW, 20 km mother simulation, and 5 km nested simulation demonstrates improved representation of precipitation with increasing resolution not only in the spatial pattern and magnitude for both the mean and the extremes, but also in a more realistic representation of extreme precipitation’s sensitivities to temperature. According to the projected precipitation changes downscaled from both GCM ensemble and PGW, there will be intensified precipitation, particularly for the extremes, over South Korea under the warming, which is primarily contributed by convective precipitation increase that shows higher temperature sensitivity. This study also compares the extreme precipitation-temperature scaling relations within-epoch (apparent scaling) and between-epoch (climate scaling). It confirms that the magnitude and spatial pattern of the two scaling rates can be quite different, and the precipitation change over Korea under global warming is mainly controlled by thermodynamic factors.
Construction of genuinely entangled subspaces and the associated bounds on entanglement measures for mixed states
Authors: Antipin K V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Genuine entanglement is the strongest form of multipartite entanglement. Genuinely entangled pure states contain entanglement in every bipartition and as such can be regarded as a valuable resource in the protocols of quantum information processing. A recent direction of research is the construction of genuinely entangled subspaces (GESs)—the class of subspaces consisting entirely of genuinely entangled pure states. In this paper we present methods of construction of such subspaces including those of maximal possible dimension. The approach is based on the composition of bipartite entangled subspaces and quantum channels of certain types. The examples include maximal subspaces for systems of three qubits, four qubits, three qutrits. We also provide lower bounds on two entanglement measures for mixed states, the concurrence and the convex-roof extended negativity, which are directly connected with the projection on GESs.
Deep multi-task mining Calabi–Yau four-folds
Authors: Erbin Harold , Finotello Riccardo , Schneider Robin , Tamaazousti Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We continue earlier efforts in computing the dimensions of tangent space cohomologies of Calabi–Yau manifolds using deep learning. In this paper, we consider the dataset of all Calabi–Yau four-folds constructed as complete intersections in products of projective spaces. Employing neural networks inspired by state-of-the-art computer vision architectures, we improve earlier benchmarks and demonstrate that all four non-trivial Hodge numbers can be learned at the same time using a multi-task architecture. With 30% (80%) training ratio, we reach an accuracy of 100% for

h

(
1
,
1
)

and 97% for

h

(
2
,
1
)

(100% for both), 81% (96%) for

h

(
3
,
1
)

, and 49% (83%) for

h

(
2
,
2
)

. Assuming that the Euler number is known, as it is easy to compute, and taking into account the linear constraint arising from index computations, we get 100% total accuracy.
Prevalence, management and outcomes of unrecognized delirium in a National Sample of 1,493 older emergency department patients: how many were sent home and what happened to them?
Authors: Lee Jacques S , Tong Tiffany , Chignell Mark , Tierney Mary C , Goldstein Judah , Eagles Debra , Perry Jeffrey J , McRae Andrew , Lang Eddy , Hefferon Darren , Rose Louise , Kiss Alex , Borgundvaag Bjug , McLeod Shelley , Melady Don , Boucher Valérie , Sirois Marie-Josée , Émond Marcel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Retrospective studies estimate Emergency Department (ED) delirium recognition at &lt;20%; few prospective studies have assessed delirium recognition and outcomes for patients with unrecognized delirium.

Objectives
To prospectively measure delirium recognition by ED nurses and physicians, document their confidence in diagnosis and disposition, actual dispositions, and patient outcomes.

Methods
Prospective observational study of people ≥65 years. We assessed delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method, then asked ED staff if the patient had delirium, confidence in their assessment, if the patient could be discharged, and contacted patients 1 week postdischarge. We report proportions and 95% confidence intervals (Cls).

Results
We enrolled 1,493 participants; mean age was 77.9 years; 49.2% were female, 79 (5.3%, 95% CI 4.2–6.5%) had delirium. ED nurses missed delirium in 43/78 cases (55.1%, 95% CI 43.4–66.4%). Nurses considered 12/43 (27.9%) patients with unrecognized delirium safe to discharge. Median confidence in their delirium diagnosis for patients with unrecognized delirium was 7.0/10. Physicians missed delirium in 10/20 (50.0%, 95% CI 27.2–72.8) cases and considered 2/10 (20.0%) safe to discharge. Median confidence in their delirium diagnosis for patients with unrecognized delirium was 8.0/10. Fifteen patients with unrecognized delirium were sent home: 6.7% died at 1 week follow-up vs. none in those with recognized delirium and 1.1% in the rest of the cohort.

Conclusion
Delirium recognition by nurses and physicians was sub-optimal at ~50% and may be associated with increased mortality. Research should explore root causes of unrecognized delirium, and novel strategies to systematically improve delirium recognition and patient outcomes.
Time Preference for Immediate Gratification: Associations With Low Medication Adherence and Uncontrolled Blood Pressure
Authors: Krousel-Wood Marie , Peacock Erin , Bradford W David , Mohundro Brice , Craig Leslie S , O’Connell Samantha , Bazzano Lydia , Shi Lizheng , Ford Milam 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
In search of innovative approaches to the challenge of uncontrolled hypertension, we assessed the association between preference for immediate gratification (i.e., high discounting rate), low medication adherence, and uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) in adults with hypertension.

Methods
Using a probability discounting model and the Collier–Williams hypothetical discount rate framework, participants in this cross-sectional study reported their preference for a smaller amount of money available immediately (high discount rate; immediate gratification preference) vs. a larger amount available 1 year later (low discount rate; delayed gratification preference). Multivariable Poisson regression was used to test the association of high discounting rates with low antihypertensive medication adherence using the validated 4-item Krousel-Wood Medication Adherence Scale (K-Wood-MAS-4 score ≥1). Mediation of the association between high discounting rate and uncontrolled BP (systolic/diastolic BP ≥ 130/80 mm Hg) by low adherence was tested using the counterfactual approach.

Results
Among 235 participants (mean age 63.7 ± 6.7 years; 51.1% women; 41.9% Black), 50.6% had a high 1-year discount rate, 51.9% had low K-Wood-MAS-4 adherence, and 59.6% had uncontrolled BP. High discounting rates were associated with low adherence (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18, 2.12). Forty-three percent (95% CI 40.9%, 45.8%) of the total effect of high discount rate on uncontrolled BP was mediated by low adherence.

Conclusions
Adults with preference for immediate gratification had worse adherence; low adherence partially mediated the association of high discount rate with uncontrolled BP. These results support preference for immediate gratification as an innovative factor underlying low medication adherence and uncontrolled BP.
Biosimilar strategic implementation at a large health system
Authors: Kar Indrani , Kronz Margaret , Kolychev Evelina , Silverman Paula , Mendiratta Prateek , Tomlinson Benjamin K N , Prunty Jeremy , Copley Melissa , Patel Seema , Caudill Sara , Farah Lisa , Wesolowski Bryan , Crissinger Tyler , Kendig Colin , Szymczak Eric , Duraj Lindsey , Dumot John , Acheson Emily , Lyamkin Svetlana , King Michelle , Mocilnikar Allyson , Cunningham Kevin , Paulic Nikola , Botzki Uwe , Lerman Rachael , Strosaker Robyn , Osborne Shawn , Glotzbecker Brett 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Purpose
This article highlights one health system’s response to the market influx of biosimilars with the establishment of a process for formulary review and selection of preferred agents and support for therapeutic interchanges.

Summary
Through assessment of available literature, insurance payor coverage, and manufacturer-anticipated approvals of biosimilars, a strategic stance was developed to guide biosimilar order preparation, review, adoption, and implementation. The electronic medical record (EMR) is prepared for biosimilar implementation at least 6 to 12 months ahead of anticipated formulary review. The review includes assessment of a class (reference product and available biosimilars) after at least 2 biosimilars become available. Key health-system departments and clinicians are enlisted to support review of clinical, safety, and economic implications. Implementation of a preferred product relies on standard education, formulary availability, and staff awareness to address any perceived patient safety concerns and gather provider support. The standard steps developed now apply to all future biosimilar reviews, adoption plans, and ongoing monitoring. Barriers evaluated include changes in payor coverage and challenges in preparation of the EMR for future biosimilars, meeting precertification team education needs, and providing operational support for pharmacy inventory.

Conclusion
To date, use of 5 preferred biosimilar products has led to significant cost savings to the institution, and the process has been endorsed by providers. The institution’s successes can be attributed to clear communication with stakeholders and the development of a deliberate process, led by a multidisciplinary leadership team, for managing formulary, safety, and operational barriers in a thoughtful and systematic manner.