bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Validation Study of the Greek Version of the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire in Medical Students and a Measurement of Their Empathy
Authors: Voultsos Polychronis , Papana Angeliki , Chatzinikolaou Fotios , Deliliga Aspasia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aims and objectivesEmpathy is an important key driver of any therapeutic relationship. It is beneficial not only to the patients, but also to physicians. Enhancing physician’s empathy should be an important goal of medical education. As there is a literature gap regarding the topic of empathy among medical students in Greece, this study aims to contribute to filling this gap.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. The (validated in Greece) Greek version of Toronto 52‐item empathy 6-point Likert-scale was administered to all the medical students in the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, in Greece. In addition, participants were asked to provide information regarding their socio-demographics. A demographic comparison was conducted.ResultsThe preliminary validation of the Greek version of the Toronto Composite Empathy Scale (TCES) demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability among medical students and could be further tested in larger samples of medical students. The overall reliability analysis of the TCES questionnaire is high (Cronbach's α = 0.895, Sig. from Hotelling’s T-Squared Test < 0.000). The mean total score of empathy showed that students have a moderately high empathy. The 52‐item TCES, 26 for the personal (Per) setting and another 26 for professional (Pro) life, equally divided into cognitive (Cog) and emotional (Emo) empathy in each case. It was found that there is a statistically significant difference in means between the Per-Cog and Per-Emo settings (Sig < 0.001), the Pro-Cog and Pro-Emo (Sig < 0.001), the Per-Cog and Pro-Cog (Sig = 0.004), and the Per-Emo and Pro-Emo (Sig < 0.001). Females had significantly higher empathy scores (mean score 208.04) than males (mean score 192.5) on the Per-Cognitive, Per-Emo and Pro-Emo subscales. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between empathy and factors such as love for animals, interest in medical ethics, belief in God, having an ill person in the family, class year or carrier intention.ConclusionsThe Toronto Composite Empathy Scale (TCES) is applicable to medical students. For the most part our findings were consistent with previous literature. However, we identified some nuances that might draw researchers’ attention.
Infection Prevention Strategies in COVID-19 Units Highly Protective While Primary Risks to Healthcare Professionals Come From Coworkers and the Community
Authors: Gohil Shruti , Quan Kathleen , Madey Keith , King-Adelsohn Suzanne , Tjoa Tom , Tifrea Delia , Crews Bridgit , Monuki Edwin , Khan Saahir , Schubl Sebastian , Bittencourt Cassiana , Detweiler Neil , Chang Wayne , Willis Lynn , Khusbu Usme , Saturno Antonella , Rezk Sherif , Figueroa Cesar , Jain Aarti , de Assis Rafael , Felgner Philip , Edwards Robert , Hsieh Lanny , Forthal Donald , Wilson William , Stamos Michael J , Huang Susan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Early evaluations of healthcare professional (HCP) COVID-19 risk occurred during insufficient personal protective equipment and disproportionate testing, contributing to perceptions of high patient-care related HCP risk. We evaluated HCP COVID-19 seropositivity after accounting for community factors and coworker outbreaks.Methods: Prior to universal masking, we conducted a single-center retrospective cohort plus cross-sectional study. All HCP 1) seen by Occupational Health for COVID-like symptoms (regardless of test result) or assigned to 2) dedicated COVID-19 units, 3) units with a COVID-19 HCP outbreak, or 4) control units from 01/01/2020-04/15/2020 were offered serologic testing by an FDA-authorized assay plus a research assay against 67 respiratory viruses, including 11 SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Multivariable models assessed the association of demographics, job role, comorbidities, care of a COVID-19 patient, and geocoded socioeconomic status with positive serology.Results: Of 654 participants, 87 (13.3%) were seropositive; among these 60.8% (N=52) had never cared for a COVID-19 patient. Being male (OR 1.79, CI 1.05-3.04, p=0.03), working in a HCP-outbreak unit (OR 2.21, CI 1.28-3.81, p<0.01), living in a community with low owner-occupied housing (OR=1.63, CI=1.00-2.64, p=0.05), and ethnically Latino (OR 2.10, CI 1.12-3.96, p=0.02) were positively-associated with COVID-19 seropositivity, while working in dedicated COVID-19 units was negatively-associated (OR 0.53, CI=0.30-0.94, p=0.03). The research assay identified 25 additional seropositive individuals (78 [12%] vs. 53 [8%], p<0.01).Conclusions: Prior to universal masking, HCP COVID-19 risk was dominated by workplace and community exposures while working in a dedicated COVID-19 unit was protective, suggesting that infection prevention protocols prevent patient-to-HCP transmission.
Bitmap and Vectorial Hologram Recording by Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Kotsiuba Yurii , Hevko Ihor , Bellucci Stefano , Gnilitskyi Iaroslav 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present two approaches for recording a quasi-hologram on the steel surface by femtosecond laser pulses. The recording process is done by rotating the polarization of the laser beam by a half-wave plate or a spatial light modulator (SLM), so we can control the spatial orientation of the formed laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). Two different approaches are shown, which use vector and bitmap images to record the hologram. For the first time to our knowledge, we managed to record a hologram of a bitmap image by continuously adjusting the laser beam polarization by SLM during scanning. The developed method can sabstantially improve hologram recording technology by increasing its speed, reducing the price, and eliminating complex processing procedures.
Upregulation of TCF21 Inhibits Migration of Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Kremer Jean Lucas , Auricino Thais Barabba , Passaia Bárbara dos Santos , Lotfi Claudimara Ferini Pacicco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) are rare and aggressive cancer. Our previous study has revealed that the transcription factor 21, TCF21, is downregulated in ACC and regulates steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) binding to the SF-1 E-box promoter. In addition, it could be found that TCF21 is a predictor of Overall Survival (OS) in adult carcinomas. Methods: In this study, it was investigated the correlation between TCF21 expression and the promoter methylation status in adrenocortical tumor cells, carcinomas and adenoma. The biological function and potential molecular mechanism of TCF21 restoration in migration and invasion of ACC cells was examined. Results: We could be demonstrated a negative correlation between the level of TCF21 expression and methylation of its promoter in adenoma and carcinoma cells indicating the epigenetic control of TCF21 expression. It was also demonstrated that the expression of TCF21 inhibits migration and invasion in the ACC cell lines, H295R and SW-13 cells, using, respectively, plasmid transfection and CRISPR system to express TCF21. Furthermore, it could be investigated the TCF21 function as tumor suppressor probably through Kisspeptin 1 (KISS-1) expression and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) reversion, as well as the modulation of several metalloproteinases in ACC cells. Conclusions: Our results suggest that enhancement of TCF21 expression levels may be a potential strategy to revert invasive abilities in adrenocortical carcinomas.
Producing Hollow Shafts in a New Horizontal Mill by Novel Flat-Knifing Cross-Wedge Rolling With Single Guide
Authors: Lin Longfei , Wang Baoyu , Shen Jinxia , Liu Tao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To meet the requirement of lightweight, there are increasing solid shafts being designed to be hollow in transportation industry. In this study, a novel method of flat-knifing cross-wedge rolling (FCWR) with single guide is proposed including a modified roller, a horizontal mill and a single-guide structure, and its key problems are studied by numerical simulations and experimental tests. A mathematical model of FCWR roller is established, which reveals the wedge length of rollers is effectively reduced by modifying knifing wedge from normalized roller. Further, a horizontal multifunctional mill is invented and constructed to carry out the FCWR experiment with single guide. According to the results from the numerical simulations and corresponding experiments, it is observed that the typical defects of hole expansion and knifing groove are absolutely avoided because the improved flat-knifing wedge produces a radial force to shrink the inner hole and avoid the deformation concentration of the outer surface during knifing stage. Moreover, the single guide rolling performed in the horizontal mill efficiently improve rolling stability because the workpiece is restricted into a smaller workspace. To the authors’ knowledge, all these integrated improvements of FCWR roller, single guide rolling and horizontal mill are innovative, which are of great engineering significance to manufacture hollow shafts on account of the advantages of avoiding forming defect, reducing roller diameter, improving rolling stability and simplifying mill structure.
Projecting the Effects of Land Subsidence and Sea Level Rise on Storm Surge Flooding in Coastal North Carolina
Authors: Johnston Jeremy , Cassalho Felicio , Miesse Tyler , Ferreira Celso 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Much of the United States Atlantic coastline continues to subside due to post glacial settlement and ground water depletion. Combined with sea level rise (SLR), this contributes to a larger relative rate of SLR regionwide. In this work, we utilize the ADvanced CIRCulation model to simulate storm surges across coastal North Carolina. Simulations of recent Hurricanes Irene (2011) and Matthew (2016) are performed considering SLR projections and land subsidence estimates for the year 2100. The model is validated against historic water level observations with generally strong agreement (mean R2 0.81, RMSE 10–31 cm). At current rates of subsidence, storm surge susceptible regions increase on the order of 30–40% by 2100 relative to near-present day conditions. Flood water redistribution leaves low-lying areas especially vulnerable, as many of which also experience increased land subsidence. Combined with SLR projections, results project more than a doubling of areal flood extent for Hurricane Irene from ~ 2,000 km2 (2011) to 5,000 km2 (2100, subsidence + 74 cm), and more than a 3-fold increase ~ 1,400 km2 (2016) to 4,900 km2 (2100, subsidence + 74 cm) for Hurricane Matthew. The expected inundation increases have substantial implications for communities and ecosystems located in coastal North Carolina.
Rhizoma Drynariae promotes the Osteogenic differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shen Yi-Wei , Li Yi , Li Zuo , Yang Bing-you , Li Xue 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Rhizoma Drynariae (RD), a traditional Chinese medicine with pleiotropic biological activities, exerts a protective effect against age-related osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a serious clinical problem and characterized by the deterioration in bone volume and strength, mainly due to the dysfunction of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). However, it remains unclear whether RD-containing serum regulates the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: The effects of RD-containing serum on the osteogenesis of BMSCs were detected via quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and alizarin red staining. Using Dickkopf-related protein-1 (DKK1), an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, we examined whether RD-containing serum regulates osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs via the Wnt/b-catenin signalling pathway. Results: The results showed that RD-containing serum promoted the BMSC proliferation and ALP activities, as well as up-regulated the expression of osteogenic markers and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related genes, i.e., runt-related transcription factor 2, Sp7, osteocalcin, β-catenin and Wnt3a, in BMSCs. Moreover, we found that RD-containing serum activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Adding DKK1 to the RD-containing serum could decrease the promotion of osteogenic differentiation of RD-containing serum on BMSCs. Conclusions: Collectively, RD-containing serum could promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and the potential mechanism may involve regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Perspectives and Attitudes of Emergency Medicine Educators Towards E-Assessment Technologies
Authors: Berikol Göksu Bozdereli , İlhan Buğra , Oktay Cem 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Distance assessment and evaluation(E-assessment) has recently regained popularity with the widespread use of distance education due to the pandemic. Emergency medicine education has developed theoretical and practical models on online learning and accelerated the studies on E-assessment of competencies on emergency care. While the educatiors and trainees are promptly adapting to the distance learning platforms, several factors can affect these adoptions to e-assessment models. Our study aimed to find these factors affecting the perspectives and attitudes on the practice among emergency medicine educators. Results: A survey was conducted on ninety participants of emergency medicine educators regarding self-efficacy, self-confidence, and attitudes towards E-assessment technologies. There was a statistically significant difference between computer use skills and scores, especially regarding self-confidence (p=0.02) and self-efficacy (p=0.01). We found no significant difference in terms of attitude (p=0.877). We found that those with very good computer skills had higher self-confidence and self-efficacy for distance exams. The participants' computer use skills affected self-confidence and self-efficacy for e-assessments. There was a significant difference in self-confidence (p=0.000) and self-efficacy (p=0.001) between those with and without e-assessment experience. Furthermore, the thought that it is an effective assessment and evaluation. Regarding screen sharing, 44.4% of the participants have ethical concerns; 30% were not concerned about this issue, and 25.6% were partially concerned. There was no statistically significant difference in ethical anxiety regarding e-assessment experiencing (p=0.914).Conclusion: The proficiency in using computers, experience in teaching, and the need for training on e-assessments are the key factors that affect e-assessments in emergency medicine education. Encouragement should be necessary to achieve the goal to spread the use of e-assessments in the era of the pandemic.
Interpretable machine learning identifies paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus subtypes based on gene expression data
Authors: Younes Sara , Annett Alva , Stoll Patricia , Diamanti Klev , Holmfeldt Linda , Barrenäs Fredrik , Meadows Jennifer , Komorowski Jan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Transcriptomic analyses are commonly used to identify differentially expressed genes between patients and controls, or within individuals across disease courses. These methods, whilst effective, cannot encompass the combinatorial effects of genes driving disease. We applied rule-based machine learning (RBML) models and rule networks (RN) to an existing paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) blood expression dataset, with the goal of developing gene networks to separate low and high disease activity (DA1 and DA3). The resultant model had an 81% accuracy to distinguish between DA1 and DA3, with unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealing additional subgroups indicative of the immune axis involved or state of disease flare. These subgroups correlated with clinical variables, suggesting that the gene sets identified may further the understanding of gene networks that act in concert to drive disease progression. This included roles for genes i) induced by interferons (IFI35 and OTOF), ii) key to SLE cell types (KLRB1 encoding CD161), or iii) with roles in autophagy and NF-κB pathway responses (CKAP4). As demonstrated here, RBML approaches have the potential to reveal novel gene patterns from within a heterogeneous disease, facilitating patient clinical and therapeutic stratification.
ANALISIS POTENSI PAJAK DAERAH DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Haning Dedy , Radianto Wirawan Endro Dwi 
Published: June 2021

Local tax become more important since the autonomy program released around 1999. Local authority of Yog,,akarta, which has fewer natural resources, is pushing the local tox revenue in order to manage the city. This study investigates the role of local tec on Yogtakarta city local tax revenue. Secondary data was used from /998 to 2003. It covers all the local tax in Yogtakarta city that is based on Local Tax Act 34/2000 of Yogtakarta. Several variables are used namely collection ratio, growth, level of contribution and potential matrix of local tax. Study proved that fficiency and growth of local tax decreased and potential matrix steady.Keywords: Local tax, Local tax revenues
KECENDERUNGAN PENERIMAAN OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN: STUDI EMPIRIS DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Siregar Baldric , Rahman Abdul 
Published: June 2021

This research provides the investigation over the acceptance of going concern audit opinion which can be performed by observing the company’s internal condition such as the audit quality, company’s financial condition, audit opinion prior year, company growth, company size, and debt to equity ratio. Samples are obtained by purposive sampling method and 185 observation data from 2006 - 2010 at manufacturing companies listed at Indonesia Stock Exchange. The logistic regression used to examine the factors that are predicted to affect the probability of acceptance of going concern audit opinion. The result of this research is that audit opinion prior year, company growth, and debt to equity ratio are significantly affect the probability of acceptance of going concern audit opinion. On the other hand audit quality, company’s financial condition, and company size do not significantly acceptance of going concern audit opinion.Keywords: audit quality, financial condition, growth, going concern, going concern opinion
ANALISIS FUNDAMENTAL DAN TEKNIKAL SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MERGER PADA PERUSAHAAN CIPUTRA DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Hartono Wendra , Widjojo Andhika 
Published: June 2021

On January 12, 2017, there will be a merger of 3 Ciputra Group companies into one that is coded CTRA. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview and consideration to investors or potential investors before deciding to buy CTRA shares. Second, to analyze stock price movements before and after the merger of CTRA shares. This study uses qualitative methods using literature studies. The timeline that will be used in this research is (1) before the merger, (2) at the time of the merger, (3) after the merger. Based on the fundamental analysis: CTRA's stock valuation is increasing, and CTRA shares are getting more liquid because the number of shares outstanding is greater, and is more often traded on the exchange. ROE from CTRA has not changed much, still in the range of 6% per year. Based on technical analysis, it can be concluded that the movement of CTRA shares throughout 2017 tends to form a bearish trend. Based on the results of the impact of corporate policy analysis: KPR payment schemes are increasingly attractive by CTRA, broader diversification, and CTRA is able to access financial resources from CTRP and CTRS that were previously separate.Keywords: Fundamental, Technical, and Merger ABSTRAKPada tanggal 12 Januari 2017, akan diadakan merger atau penggabungan 3 perusahaan Ciputra grup menjadi satu saja yang berkode CTRA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran dan bahan pertimbangan kepada para investor atau calon investor sebelum memutuskan untuk membeli saham CTRA. Kedua, melakukan analisis pergerakan harga saham sebelum dan sesudah merger saham CTRA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan kajian literatur. Timeline yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) sebelum merger, (2) pada saat merger berlangsung, (3) sesudah merger. Berdasarkan analisis fundamental: valuasi saham CTRA meningkat, dan saham CTRA semakin likuid karena jumlah saham beredar lebih besar, dan lebih sering diperdagangkan di bursa.. ROE dari CTRA tidak banyak berubah, masih dikisaran 6% per tahun. Berdasarkan analisa teknikal, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pergerakan saham CTRA sepanjang tahun 2017 cenderung membentuk trend bearish. Berdasarkan hasil dampak analisis kebijakan korporasi: skema pembayaran KPR yang semakin menarik oleh CTRA, diversifikasi yang lebih luas, dan CTRA mampu mengakses sumber-sumber keuangan dari CTRP dan CTRS yang sebelumnya terpisah.Keywords: Fundamental, Teknikal dan Merger