bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Investigation of the Capture of Polydisperse Particles by Charged Droplets
Authors: Zuo Ziwen , Wang Lin , Wang Junfeng , Jiang Peng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe capture of particles by charged droplets was simulated by considering the electrostatic interactions of droplet‐droplet and droplet‐particle. The results indicate that the electrostatic repulsion between droplets leads to a dynamic accumulation mode of particles. However, the droplet spacing has an insignificant effect on the capture efficiency when the electrostatic deposition predominates. The increase of droplet charge remarkably improves the capture efficiency, in which the capture of fine particles accounts for the largest proportion. Compared to the droplet charge, the droplet size shows a limited improvement in the capture efficiency. Reducing the droplet velocity prolongs the capture time instead of enhancing the capture capacity per unit time, thereby improving capture efficiency.
Preexisting stress‐related diagnoses and mortality: A Danish cancer cohort study
Authors: Collin Lindsay J. , Veres Katalin , Gradus Jaimie L. , Ahern Thomas P. , Lash Timothy L. , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThis study evaluated the association between preexisting stress‐related diagnoses and mortality in a Danish population–based cancer cohort.MethodsThis study included Danish patients with cancer diagnosed in 1995‐2011 who had a stress‐related diagnosis before their cancer diagnosis. Cancer patients without a prior stress‐related diagnosis were matched 5:1 to the stress disorder cohort by cancer site, age group, calendar period, and sex. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of cancer‐specific and all‐cause mortality was computed by stress‐related diagnosis category. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating stress‐related diagnoses with mortality were computed by follow‐up time, stress‐related diagnosis category, stage, comorbidity status, and cancer type.ResultsThis study identified 4437 cancer patients with a preexisting stress‐related diagnosis and 22,060 matched cancer cohort members. The 5‐year cumulative risk of cancer‐specific mortality was 33% (95% CI, 32%‐35%) for those with a preexisting stress‐related diagnosis and 29% (95% CI, 28%‐29%) for those without a prior stress‐related diagnosis. Cancer patients with a preexisting stress‐related diagnosis had a 1.3 times higher cancer‐specific mortality rate than the comparison cohort members (95% CI, 1.2‐1.5). This increase persisted across categories of stress‐related diagnosis. The association varied by stage and cancer type, with more pronounced associations found among those with a late stage at diagnosis and hematological malignancies.ConclusionsCancer patients with preexisting stress‐related diagnoses had increased rates of cancer‐specific and all‐cause mortality. The results suggest that psychiatric comorbidities may be an important consideration for cancer prognosis, and cancer treatment informed by a patient's history may improve outcomes.
A deep and handcrafted features‐based framework for diagnosis of COVID‐19 from chest x‐ray images
Authors: Bozkurt Ferhat 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAutomatic early diagnosis of COVID‐19 with computer‐aided tools is crucial for disease treatment and control. Radiology images of COVID‐19 and other lung diseases like bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia have common features. Thus, this similarity makes it difficult for radiologists to detect COVID‐19 cases. A reliable method for classifying non‐COVID‐19 and COVID‐19 chest x‐ray images could be useful to reduce triage process and diagnose. In this study, we develop an original framework (HANDEFU) that supports handcrafted, deep, and fusion‐based feature extraction techniques for feature engineering. The user interactively builds any model by selecting feature extraction technique and classification method through the framework. Any feature extraction technique and model could then be added dynamically to the library of software at a later time upon request. The novelty of this study is that image preprocessing and diverse feature extraction and classification techniques are assembled under an original framework. In this study, this framework is utilized for diagnosing COVID‐19 from chest x‐ray images on an open‐access dataset. All of the experimental results and performance evaluations on this dataset are performed with this software. In experimental studies, COVID‐19 prediction is performed by 27 different models through software. The superior performance with accuracy of 99.36% is obtained by LBP+SVM model.
Production of 10‐Hydroxy‐2‐decenoic Acid from Decanoic Acid via Whole‐Cell Catalysis in Engineered Escherichia coli
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Junqing , Wang Fen , Wang Li , Wang Leilei , Xu Ziqi , Yuan Haibo , Yang Xiaohui , Li Piwu , Su Jing , Wang Ruiming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract10‐Hydroxy‐2‐decenoic acid (10‐HDA) is a terminal hydroxylated medium‐chain α,β‐unsaturated carboxylic acid that performs various unique physiological activities and has a wide market value. Therefore, development of an environmentally friendly, safe, and high‐efficiency route to synthesize 10‐HDA is required. Here, the β‐oxidation pathway of Escherichia coli was modified and a P450 terminal hydroxylase (CYP153A33‐CPRBM3) was rationally designed to synthesize 10‐HDA using decanoic acid as a substrate via two‐step whole‐cell catalysis. Different homologues of FadDs, FadEs, and YdiIs were analyzed in the first step of the conversion of decanoic acid to trans‐ ‐2‐ decenoic acid. In the second step, CYP153A33 (M228L)‐CPRBM3 efficiently catalyzed the conversion of trans‐ ‐2‐ decenoic acid to 10‐HDA. Finally, 217 mg L−1 10‐HDA was obtained with 500 mg L−1 decanoic acid. This study provides a strategy for biosynthesis of 10‐HDA and other α, β‐unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives from specific fatty acids.
Clustering based on comorbidities in patients with chronic heart failure: an illustration of clinical diversity
Authors: Uszko‐Lencer Nicole H.M.K. , Janssen Daisy J.A. , Gaffron Swetlana , Vanfleteren Lowie E.G.W. , Janssen Eefje , Werter Christ , Franssen Frits M.E. , Wouters Emiel F.M. , Rechberger Simon , Brunner La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Spruit Martijn A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsIt is increasingly recognized that the presence of comorbidities substantially contributes to the disease burden in patients with heart failure (HF). Several reports have suggested that clustering of comorbidities can lead to improved characterization of the disease phenotypes, which may influence management of the individual patient. Therefore, we aimed to cluster patients with HF based on medical comorbidities and their treatment and, subsequently, compare the clinical characteristics between these clusters.Methods and resultsA total of 603 patients with HF entering an outpatient HF rehabilitation programme were included [median age 65 years (interquartile range 56–71), 57% ischaemic origin of cardiomyopathy, and left ventricular ejection fraction 35% (26–45)]. Exercise performance, daily life activities, disease‐specific health status, coping styles, and personality traits were assessed. In addition, the presence of 12 clinically relevant comorbidities was recorded, based on targeted diagnostics combined with applicable pharmacotherapies. Self‐organizing maps (SOMs; www.viscovery.net) were used to visualize clusters, generated by using a hybrid algorithm that applies the classical hierarchical cluster method of Ward on top of the SOM topology. Five clusters were identified: (1) a least comorbidities cluster; (2) a cachectic/implosive cluster; (3) a metabolic diabetes cluster; (4) a metabolic renal cluster; and (5) a psychologic cluster. Exercise performance, daily life activities, disease‐specific health status, coping styles, personality traits, and number of comorbidities were significantly different between these clusters.ConclusionsDistinct combinations of comorbidities could be identified in patients with HF. Therapy may be tailored based on these clusters as next step towards precision medicine. The effect of such an approach needs to be prospectively tested.
Microscale electrokinetic‐based analysis of intact cells and viruses
Authors: Vaghef‐Koodehi Alaleh , Lapizco‐Encinas Blanca H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMiniaturized electrokinetic methods have proven to be robust platforms for the analysis and assessment of intact microorganisms, offering short response times and higher integration than their bench‐scale counterparts. The present review article discusses three types of electrokinetic‐based methodologies: electromigration or motion‐based techniques, electrode‐based electrokinetics, and insulator‐based electrokinetics. The fundamentals of each type of methodology are discussed and relevant examples from recent reports are examined, to provide the reader with an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art on the latest advancements on the analysis of intact cells and viruses with microscale electrokinetic techniques. The concluding remarks discuss the potential applications and future directions.
Exploration of operating conditions on oxygen mass transport resistance and performance of PEM fuel cells: Effects of inlet gas humidification
Authors: Reshetenko Tatyana V. , Ben Bonnie L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis work presents comprehensive studies of inlet gas humidification on O2mass transport and proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance to obtain a better understanding of transport processes at a cathode gas diffusion electrode. The O2mass transport resistance was determined employing our segmented cell system and a novel method based on the distribution of the spatial limiting currents using 5% vol. O2mixtures with various balance gases from He to C3H8. Variation of the molecular weight of the balance gas resulted in the determination of O2mass transport resistance due to Knudsen diffusion as well as diffusion and dissolution through liquid and ionomer films in a cathode catalyst layer (RK+film) and gas phase (Rm, N2). The application of a gas diffusion layer with and without a microporous layer (MPL) allowed us to separate contributions from the cathode catalyst layer (RK+film, CCL) and MPL (RMPL). The data demonstrated thatRK+film, CCLsignificantly decreased from 92.36 to 52.83 s/m at 32 and 100% relative humidity, respectively, due to the effect of humidification on gas permeability through the ionomer. At the same time,Rm, N2decreased slightly with gas humidification, whileRMPLincreased slightly. The results showed that fuel cell performance improved with a decrease in permeability mass transport overpotentials andRK+film, CCL. An analysis of the data demonstrated correlations between operating conditions, the mass transport parameters of the cathode gas diffusion electrodes, fuel cell performance, and voltage losses.
Numerical modeling of groundwater‐driven stream network evolution in low‐relief post‐glacial landscapes
Authors: Cullen Cecilia , Anders Alison M. , Lai Jingtao , Druhan Jennifer L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the low‐relief post‐glacial landscapes of the Central Lowlands of the United States, fluvial networks formed and expanded following deglaciation despite the low slopes and large fraction of the land surface occupied by closed depressions. Low relief topography allows for subtle surface water divides and increases the likelihood that groundwater divides do not coincide with surface water divides. We investigate how groundwater transfer across subtle surface water divides facilitates channel network expansion using a numerical model built on the Landlab platform. Our model simulates surface and subsurface water routing and fluvial erosion. We consider two end‐member scenarios for surface water routing, one in which surface water in closed depressions is forced to connect to basin outlets (routing) and one in which surface water in closed depressions is lost to evapotranspiration (no routing). Groundwater is modeled as fully saturated flow within a confined aquifer. Groundwater emerges as surface water where the landscape has eroded to a specified depth. We held the total water flux constant and varied the fraction of water introduced as groundwater versus precipitation. Channel growth is significantly faster in routing cases than no‐routing cases given identical groundwater fractions. In both routing and no‐routing cases, channel expansion is fastest when ~30% of the total water enters the system as groundwater. Groundwater contributions also produce distinctive morphology including steepened channel profiles below groundwater seeps. Groundwater head gradients evolve with topography and groundwater‐fed channels can grow more quickly than channels with larger surface water catchments. We conclude that rates of channel network growth in low‐relief post‐glacial areas are sensitive to groundwater contributions. More broadly, our findings suggest that landscape evolution models may benefit from more detailed representation of hydrologic processes.
Model-supported decision-making at a contaminated sediment site: Post-audit and site closure
Authors: Glaser David , Russell Kevin , Rhea James , Ku Wen , Reidy Deirdre , Cepko Russell 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Computer simulation models have been used to support decision-making at contaminated sediment sites for decades. Nonetheless, their reliability in remedial decision-making has been questioned, and there is a need for retrospective studies of the accuracy of model predictions, that is, post-audits. The Neal's Landfill site near Bloomington, Indiana, provides an example of the successful use of a mathematical simulation model in the selection of a remedy for a site that includes streams with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-affected sediment, water, and fish. A chemical fate and transport and bioaccumulation computer simulation model was developed to compare the effectiveness of alternative remediation plans in reducing fish total PCB concentrations. A post-audit of the model, using several years of data collected after remediation, demonstrates that the model successfully predicted declines in surface water and fish tissue PCB concentrations over a decade, including those associated with longer term natural recovery processes as well as the response to remedial actions. The model predicted, and the post-audit bore out, that risk-based goals would be met using an alternative less extensive than others under consideration. An uncertainty analysis, based on bounding model calculations, provided important support for decision-making, as did the inclusion of a statistical Remedy Confirmation Clause in the Consent Decree for the site. This study demonstrates the utility of a computer simulation model to guide remedial decision-making at a contaminated sediment site. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1233–1245. © 2021 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
KEY POINTS
The Neal's Landfill site provides an example of the successful use of a chemical fate and transport and bioaccumulation computer simulation model in selecting a remedy for a PCB-affected stream. The model, including an uncertainty analysis based on bounding model calculations, provided important support for decision-making. A post-audit demonstrated that the model successfully predicted that risk-based goals would be met using an alternative less extensive than others under consideration.
Is night‐time surgical procedure for renal graft at higher risk than during the day? A single center study cohort of 179 patients
Authors: Treacy Patrick Julien , Barthe Flora , Bentellis Imad , Falagario Ugo Giovanni , Prudhomme Thomas , Imbert de La Phalecque Laetitia , Shaikh Aysha , Albano Laetitia , Chevallier Daniel , Durand Matthieu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionVarious surgical centers tend to postpone a kidney transplantation (KT) to the following morning than to operate at night‐time.The objective of our study was to assess whether there was any difference between daytime and night‐time renal transplantation in our institution.MethodThis study is a retrospective monocentric study including all the KTs that were performed between 2012 and 2013 by transplant expert surgeons in our institution. Clavien‐Dindo (CD) complications were classified according to 7 variables going from 1 to 5. Time before postgraft diuresis and delayed graft function (DGF) were also analyzed. Two groups of patients were formed according to threshold value of incision time (6.30 p.m.). Data comparison were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric test.ResultsA total of 179 patients were included. Median follow‐up was 24 months. Cold ischemia time was longer in the night‐time transplantation (1082 vs. 807 min, p < .001), but rewarming time was shorter (47.24 vs. 52.15 min, p = .628). No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups using the Kruskal–Wallis method for CD complications (Qobs: 0.076; p = .735). CD complications proportion was similar, with a majority of grade II complications (72.7% daytime group vs. 75.4% night‐time group (p = .735). DGF (19 patients for daytime group vs. 13 patients for night‐time group, p = .359) and time before postgraft diuresis (4.65 days daytime group vs. 5.27 days night‐time group, p = .422) were similar between both groups. Multivariate analysis did not show significant predictors of CD complications Grade 3 and more.ConclusionNight‐time renal transplantation did not induce more postoperative CD complications than diurnal procedures in our cohort, challenging the false preconceptions that allow surgical teams to delay this surgery.
Mushroom tyrosinase immobilized in metal–organic frameworks as an excellent catalyst for both catecholic product synthesis and phenolic wastewater treatment
Authors: Wei Chun‐Mei , Feng Chao‐Yun , Li Shuangfei , Zou Yong , Yang Zhen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained increasing attention with ever‐expanding applications. Developing new MOF‐based immobilized enzymes with new applications is required, not only for demonstrating the generality and applicability of using MOFs for enzyme immobilization, but also to provide potential biocatalysts for industrial applications. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of immobilizing mushroom tyrosinase on zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), with two new applications being developed.RESULTSUpon immobilization through a one‐pot in situ encapsulation approach, the resultant tyrosinase@ZIF‐8 was characterized in structural features and catalytic properties. It was much more stable against pH and temperature relative to the free enzyme. The new biocatalyst was highly efficient in catalyzing the synthesis of catecholic products with pharmacological benefits (l‐DOPA, piceatannol and 3′‐hydroxypterostilbene) and in eliminating phenolic pollutants (phenol, p‐cresol, p‐chlorophenol). Excellent productivities were obtained for the synthesis of the three catecholic products (0.14, 1.38 and 1.46 g L−1 h−1, respectively). A complete removal of the three phenolic pollutants was achieved within 2.5 h, superior to other processes mediated by the same enzyme, or others, immobilized on different supports. The reusability of the new biocatalyst can be remarkably improved by entrapment into polyvinyl alcohol‐alginate gel.CONCLUSIONSTyrosinase can be immobilized on a new type of MOF with advantages such as easy preparation and excellent catalytic performance. This novel immobilization strategy for tyrosinase offers an excellent biocatalyst potent for both catecholic product synthesis and phenolic wastewater treatment. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Hidden equivalence in the operant demand framework: A review and evaluation of multiple methods for evaluating nonconsumption
Authors: Gilroy Shawn P. 
Published: November 2021

Operant translations of behavioral economic concepts and principles have enhanced the ability of researchers to characterize the effects of reinforcers on behavior. Operant behavioral economic models of choice (i.e., Operant Demand) have been particularly useful in evaluating how the consumption of reinforcers is affected by various ecological factors (e.g., price, limited resources). Prevailing perspectives in the Operant Demand Framework are derived from the framework presented in Hursh and Silberberg (2008). Few dispute the utility of this framework and model, though debate continues regarding how to address the challenges associated with logarithmic scaling. At present, there are competing views regarding the handling of nonconsumption (i.e., 0 consumption values) and under which situations that alternative restatements of this framework are recommended. The purpose of this report was to review the shared mathematical bases for the Hursh and Silberberg and Koffarnus et al. (2015) models and how each can accommodate nonconsumption values. Simulations derived from those featured in Koffarnus et al. were used to conduct tests of equivalence between modeling strategies while controlling for interpretations of residual error as well as the absolute lower limit. Simulations and proofs were provided to illustrate how neither the Hursh and Silberberg nor Koffarnus et al. models can characterize demand at 0 and how both ultimately arrive at the same upper and lower limits. These findings are discussed, and recommendations are provided to build consensus related to zero consumption values in the Operant Demand Framework.
Asymptotic confirmation of the Faudree–Lehel conjecture on irregularity strength for all but extreme degrees
Authors: Przybyło Jakub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe irregularity strength of a graph , , is the least admitting a ‐weighting of the edges of assuring distinct weighted degrees of all vertices, or equivalently the least possible maximal edge multiplicity in an irregular multigraph obtained of via multiplying some of its edges. The most well‐known open problem concerning this graph invariant is the conjecture posed in 1987 by Faudree and Lehel that there exists a constant such that for each ‐regular graph with vertices and (while a straightforward counting argument yields ). The best known results towards this imply that for every ‐regular graph with vertices and , while if . We show that the conjecture of Faudree and Lehel holds asymptotically in the cases when is neither very small nor very close to . We in particular prove that for large enough and , , and thereby we show that then. We moreover prove the latter to hold already when , where is an arbitrary positive constant.