bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Job Satisfaction in Medical Oncology Practices
Authors: Friese Christopher R. , Mendelsohn-Victor Kari , Medvec Barbara R. , Ghosh Bidisha , Bedard Louise , Griggs Jennifer J. , Manojlovich Milisa 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing job satisfaction of nurses, physicians, and advanced practice providers in ambulatory oncology settings.

BACKGROUND
Job satisfaction is essential to clinician well-being and quality of care.

METHODS
In 2017, clinicians from 29 ambulatory medical oncology practices completed anonymous paper questionnaires that examined job satisfaction, clinician-to-clinician communication, and perceptions of patient safety. Linear regression, adjusted for clustered observations, examined the relationship between job satisfaction, clinician communication, and patient safety perceptions.

RESULTS
Of 280 respondents (response rate of 68%), 85% reported that they were satisfied or very satisfied with their current position. Patient safety and accuracy of clinician communication were positively and significantly associated with job satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS
Although most surveyed clinicians were satisfied, 15% were dissatisfied and reported communication and safety concerns. Leadership efforts to strengthen clinician communication actions and develop positive safety cultures are promising strategies to promote clinician well-being and high-quality cancer care.
Factors That Influence Millennial Generation Nurses' Intention to Stay
Authors: Keith Angela C. , Warshawsky Nora , Talbert Steve 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVE
To synthesize literature exploring the expectations of millennial nurses and factors that influence their retention.

BACKGROUND
Long-anticipated nursing shortages are happening nationwide in part from boomer retirements. These supply issues are expected to worsen because of an aging population who will require complex healthcare going forward. Millennial nurse turnovers, however, represent the biggest threat to supply.

METHODS
This extensive literature review was conducted following published guidelines. Thirteen publications regarding millennials' expectations of work were analyzed.

RESULTS
Millennials expect strong leadership, advancement opportunities, alignment of organizational and personal values, good coworker relationships, healthy work-life balance, recognition, and cutting-edge technology.

CONCLUSIONS
Millennials have specific expectations for work, and they will leave if these go unmet. Findings from this review provide valuable insight into this generation of nurses to help leaders create appropriate retention strategies. The limited literature on this topic highlights the need for more research.
A Randomized Trial of a Brief Behavioral Intervention for PrEP Uptake Among Men Who Have Sex With Men at Increased Risk for HIV Infection
Authors: Chan Philip A. , Nunn Amy , van den Berg Jacob J. , Cormier Kevin , Sowemimo-Coker Genoviva , Napoleon Siena C. , Arnold Trisha , Moitra Ethan 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel, brief 2-session behavioral intervention to promote HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among men who have sex with men (MSM) who are behaviorally at risk for HIV.

Setting:
A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted at a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic to compare a brief motivational interviewing intervention with passive referral only for PrEP uptake.

Methods:
MSM who scored as “high risk” on the HIV Incidence Risk index for MSM was offered a brief (15–20 minutes) motivational interviewing–based intervention at the time of STI testing to address barriers to PrEP uptake, including low risk perception, stigma, side effects, and cost. The initial session was followed by a brief, telephone booster session that lasted <10 minutes. The primary outcome was attending a clinical PrEP appointment and accepting a prescription for PrEP.

Results:
Participants were recruited from an urban STI clinic in the United States. A total of 86 MSM who were behaviorally at risk for HIV were enrolled in the study (N = 43 intervention; N = 43 treatment-as-usual, “TAU”). Participants randomized to the intervention were significantly more likely to attend a clinical appointment and accept a prescription for PrEP, compared with treatment-as-usual (52.3% versus 27.9%, respectively; odds ratio = 3.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.5 to 8.9; P = 0.005).

Conclusions:
A brief behavioral intervention focused on the initial steps in the PrEP care cascade demonstrated preliminary efficacy in promoting uptake among MSM who are behaviorally at risk for HIV.
A Simple Classification of Pancreatic Duct Size and Texture Predicts Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula
Authors: Schuh Fabian , Mihaljevic André L. , Probst Pascal , Trudeau Maxwell T. , Müller Philip C. , Marchegiani Giovanni , Besselink Marc G. , Uzunoglu Faik , Izbicki Jakob R. , Falconi Massimo , Castillo Carlos Fernandez-del , Adham Mustapha , Z’graggen Kaspar , Friess Helmut , Werner Jens , Weitz Jürgen , Strobel Oliver , Hackert Thilo , Radenkovic Dejan , Kelemen Dezso˝ , Wolfgang Christopher , Miao Y. I. , Shrikhande Shailesh V. , Lillemoe Keith D. , Dervenis Christos , Bassi Claudio , Neoptolemos John P. , Diener Markus K. , Vollmer Charles M. , Büchler Markus W. 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
The aim of this study was to develop a classification system for pancreas-associated risk factors in pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Summary Background Data:
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most relevant PD-associated complication. A simple standardized surgical reporting system based on pancreas-associated risk factors is lacking.

Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies investigating clinically relevant (CR) POPF (CR-POPF) and pancreas-associated risk factors after PD. A meta-analysis of CR-POPF rate for texture of the pancreas (soft vs not-soft) and main pancreatic duct (MPD) diameter was performed using the Mantel-Haenszel method. Based on the results, the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) proposes the following classification: A, not-soft (hard) texture and MPD >3 mm; B, not-soft (hard) texture and MPD ≤3 mm; C, soft texture and MPD >3 mm; D, soft texture and MPD ≤3 mm. The classification was evaluated in a multi-institutional, international cohort.

Results:
Of the 2917 articles identified, 108 studies were included in the analyses. Soft pancreatic texture was significantly associated with the development of CR-POPF [odds ratio (OR) 4.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.67-4.89, P < 0.01) following PD. Similarly, MPD diameter ≤3 mm significantly increased CR-POPF risk compared with >3 mm diameter MPDs (OR 3.66, 95% CI 2.62–5.12, P < 0.01). The proposed 4-stage system was confirmed in an independent cohort of 5533 patients with CR-POPF rates of 3.5%, 6.2%, 16.6%, and 23.2% for type A-D, respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
For future pancreatic surgical outcomes studies, the ISGPS recommends reporting these risk factors according to the proposed classification system for better comparability of results.
Towards Patient-centered Decision-making in Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Pfob André , Mehrara Babak J. , Nelson Jonas A. , Wilkins Edwin G. , Pusic Andrea L. , Sidey-Gibbons Chris 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
We developed, tested, and validated machine learning algorithms to predict individual patient-reported outcomes at 1-year follow-up to facilitate individualized, patient-centered decision-making for women with breast cancer.

Summary of Background Data:
Satisfaction with breasts is a key outcome for women undergoing cancer-related mastectomy and reconstruction. Current decision-making relies on group-level evidence which may lead to suboptimal treatment recommendations for individuals.

Methods:
We trained, tested, and validated 3 machine learning algorithms using data from 1921 women undergoing cancer-related mastectomy and reconstruction conducted at eleven study sites in North America from 2011 to 2016. Data from 1921 women undergoing cancer-related mastectomy and reconstruction were collected before surgery and at 1-year follow-up. Data from 10 of the 11 sites were randomly split into training and test samples (2:1 ratio) to develop and test 3 algorithms (logistic regression with elastic net penalty, extreme gradient boosting tree, and neural network) which were further validated using the additional site’s data.
AUC to predict clinically-significant changes in satisfaction with breasts at 1-year follow-up using the validated BREAST-Q were the outcome measures.

Results:
The 3 algorithms performed equally well when predicting both improved or decreased satisfaction with breasts in both testing and validation datasets: For the testing dataset median accuracy = 0.81 (range 0.73–0.83), median AUC = 0.84 (range 0.78–0.85). For the validation dataset median accuracy = 0.83 (range 0.81–0.84), median AUC = 0.86 (range 0.83–0.89).

Conclusion:
Individual patient-reported outcomes can be accurately predicted using machine learning algorithms, which may facilitate individualized, patient-centered decision-making for women undergoing breast cancer treatment.
Wireless Light-emitting Marker Using Magnetic Field Resonance for Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery
Authors: Sugiyama Masahiko , Nagao Yoshihiro , Uehara Hideo , Kagawa Masaki , Shin Yuki , Shiokawa Keiichi , Ota Mitsuhiko , Akahoshi Tomohiko , Morita Masaru 
Published: March 2021

Background:
In laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery, the location of the tumor is identified mainly with marking methods, such as ink tattooing and intraoperative gastrointestinal endoscopy and marking with a metal clip followed by confirmation with intraoperative x-ray fluoroscopy. Each method has disadvantages, such as complexity, instability of ink sticks, and radiation exposure. Thus, a simple and less-invasive marking method is needed.

Methods:
We developed a wireless light-emitting marker with a miniature light-emitting diode that uses a magnetic field resonance mechanism. It emits 4 individual colors—red, blue, green, and white. We confirmed the usefulness of this marker system in ex vivo and in vivo animal experiments.

Results:
In the ex vivo experiment in porcine intestines, use of the wireless marker was successful, as each color of emitted light was recognized from outside the intestine. In the live animal experiment, it was confirmed that the light emitted by the marker system was visible in the porcine intestinal tract during laparoscopic surgery. The light emitted by the wireless marker in the intestinal tract was confirmed with a laparoscope in a simulated animal surgery.

Conclusion:
We have developed an innovative, radiation-free and reliable light-emitting marker system that uses a magnetic field resonance mechanism that emits four colors of light during laparoscopic surgery.
Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach Versus Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Via Areola Approach for Patients With Unilateral Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Wei-Dong , Dai Lei , Wang Ying-Chun , Xie Yun-Yun , Guo Jian-Yao , Li Jian-Jun , Wu Xian-Jiang 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Endoscopic thyroidectomy via areola approach (ETA) has been widely used in thyroidectomy for many years as it can effectively avoid a scar in the neck. Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is newly applied and has gained popularity quickly. This study is to compare the safety and effectiveness of TOETVA and ETA.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 95 patients who underwent TOETVA or ETA with unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma were enrolled in this study from March 2019 to February 2020. The basic information (such as gender, age), intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative drainage volume, hospital durations, intraoperative and postoperative complications, operative time, central lymph node dissection time, total number of central lymph nodes, and number of metastatic central lymph nodes were compared.

Results:
The operative time of the TOETVA group was significantly longer than the ETA group (148.11±19.78 vs. 135.90±12.77 min, P<0.05). However, the result was opposite when central lymph node dissection time was compared (10.31±2.93 vs. 12.48±3.55, P<0.05). TOETVA had an advantage on total number of central lymph nodes over ETA (7.82±3.35 vs. 5.26±2.45, P<0.05). No differences were found between the 2 groups on other data.

Conclusion:
TOETVA and ETA have the similarity on surgical safety and effectiveness. TOETVA has its advantage on central lymph node dissection and might be a reasonable alternative for ETA and open surgery in the future.
Neuro-Ophthalmologic Monitoring in the Management of Increased Intracranial Pressure From Leaking Arachnoid Cysts
Authors: Deveney Tatiana K. , Lebas Maud , Lobo Remy R. , Maher Cormac O. , Trobe Jonathan D. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Intracranial arachnoid cysts are common incidental imaging findings. They may rarely rupture, leading to the development of subdural hygromas and high intracranial pressure (ICP). Neurosurgical intervention has been advocated in the past, but recent evidence indicates that most cases resolve spontaneously. The role of neuro-ophthalmologic monitoring in identifying the few cases that have persisting vision-threatening papilledema that justifies intervention has not been emphasized.

Methods:
Retrospective review of 4 cases of leaking arachnoid cysts drawn from the files of the University of Michigan Medical Center (Michigan Medicine) between 2007 and 2018.

Results:
In 1 case, surgery was avoidable as papilledema resolved over time despite lingering imaging features of mass effect. In 3 cases, papilledema persisted with the threat of permanent vision loss, prompting neurosurgical intervention. In one of those cases, the fluid collection was thinly but extensively spread across both hemispheres without brain shift; yet, papilledema was pronounced. Emergent evacuation led to rapid resolution of papilledema and encephalopathy, but with residual optic nerve damage.

Conclusions:
Because constitutional symptoms and even imaging are not always reliable indicators of high ICP in leaking arachnoid cysts, neuro-ophthalmologic monitoring of papilledema is valuable in identifying the cases when neurosurgical intervention is necessary.
Evaluation of a new spike (S) protein based commercial immunoassay for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG
Authors: Eberhardt Kirsten Alexandra , Dewald Felix , Heger Eva , Gieselmann Lutz , Vanshylla Kanika , Wirtz Maike , Kleipass Franziska , Johannis Wibke , Schommers Philipp , Gruell Henning , Brensing Karl August , Müller Roman-Ulrich , Augustin Max , Lehmann Clara , Koch Manuel , Klein Florian , Di Cristanziano Veronica 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe investigation of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 represents a key aspect in facing the COVID-19 pandemic. In the present study, we compared one new and four widely used commercial serological assays for the detection of antibodies targeting S (spike) and NC (nucleocapsid) protein.MethodsSerum samples from a group of apparently non-responders, from an unbiased group of convalescent patients and from a negative control group were sim-ultaneously analyzed by the LIAISON® SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG test, Euroimmun anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG ELISA and IDK® anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG assays. IgG binding NC were detected by the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay and by the panimmunoglobulin immunoassay Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, samples were also tested by live virus and pseudovirus neutralization tests.ResultsOverall, about 50% of convalescent patients with undetectable IgG antibodies using the commercial kit by Euroimmun were identified as IgG positive by Immundiagnostik and Roche. While both assays achieved similarly high sensitivities, Immundiagnostik correlated better with serum neutralizing activity than Roche.ConclusionsAlthough the proportion of IgG seropositive individuals appears to be higher using more sensitive immunoassays, the protective ability and the potential to serve as indirect markers of other beneficial immune responses warrants for further research.
Structural basis of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of HCQ: specific binding to N protein to disrupt its interaction with nucleic acids and LLPS
Authors: Dang Mei , Song Jianxing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGreat efforts have led to successfully developing the spike-based vaccines but challenges still exist to completely terminate the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein plays the essential roles in almost all key steps of the viral life cycle, thus representing a top drug target. Almost all key functions of N protein including liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) depend on its capacity in interacting with nucleic acids. Therefore, only the variants with their N proteins functional in binding nucleic acids might survive and spread in evolution and indeed, the residues critical for binding nucleic acids are highly conserved. Very recently, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was shown to prevent the transmission in a large-scale clinical study in Singapore but so far, no specific SARS-CoV-2 protein was experimentally identified to be targeted by HCQ. Here by NMR, we unambiguously decode that HCQ specifically binds NTD and CTD of SARS-CoV-2 N protein with Kd of 112.1 and 57.1 μM respectively to inhibit their interaction with nucleic acid, as well as to disrupt LLPS essential for the viral life cycle. Most importantly, HCQ-binding residues are identical in SARS-CoV-2 variants and therefore HCQ is likely effective to them all. The results not only provide a structural basis for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of HCQ, but also renders HCQ to be the first known drug capable of targeting LLPS. Furthermore, the unique structure of the HCQ-CTD complex decodes a promising strategy for further design of better anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs from HCQ. Therefore, HCQ is a promising candidate to help terminate the pandemic.
Characteristics and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 among children in Italy: a cross-sectional study in 20 pediatric centers
Authors: Lazzerini Marzia , Sforzi Idanna , Trapani Sandra , Biban Paolo , Silvagni Davide , Mariani Ilaria , Villa Giovanna , Tibaldi Jessica , Bertacca Luca , Felici Enrico , Perricone Giuseppina , Parrino Roberta , Gioè Claudia , Lega Sara , Conte Mariasole , Marchetti Federico , Magista Annamaria , Berlese Paola , Martelossi Stefano , Vaienti Francesca , Valletta Enrico , Mauro Margherita , Dall’Amico Roberto , Fasoli Silvia , Gatto Antonio , Chiaretti Antonio , Dragovic Danica , Pascolo Paola , Pilotto Chiara , Liguoro Ilaria , Miorin Elisabetta , Saretta Francesca , Trobia Gianluca , Stefano Antonella Di , Orlandi Azzurra , Cardinale Fabio , Lubrano Riccardo , Testa Alessia , Binotti Marco , Moressa Valentina , Barbi Egidio , Armocida Benedetta 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundNo study has described factors associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in children.AimDescribe characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis in children tested in 20 pediatric centers across Italy.MethodsCases aged 0-18 years tested for SARS-CoV-2 between February 23 and May 24 2020 were included. Our primary analysis focused on children tested because of COVID-19 suggestive symptoms.ResultsAmong 2494 children tested for SARS-CoV-2, 2148 (86.1%) had symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. Clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 included - beside fever (82.4%) and respiratory signs or symptoms (60.4%) – also gastrointestinal (18.2%), neurological (18.9%), cutaneous (3.8%) and other flu-like presentations (17.8%). In multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 were: exposure history (adjusted OR 39.83 95%CI 17.52-90.55 p<0.0001), cardiac disease (adjusted OR 3.10 95%CI 1.19-5.02 p<0.0001), fever (adjusted OR 3.05 % 95% CI 1.67-5.58 p=0.0003), and anosmia/ageusia (OR 4.08 95%CI 1.69 −9.84 p=0.002). Among 190 (7.6%) children diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2, only four (2.1%) required respiratory support and two (1.1%) were admitted in ICU, while 100% recovered.ConclusionRecommendations for SARS-CoV-2 testing in children should be updated based on the evidence of broader clinical features. Exposure history, fever, and anosmia/ageusia are strong risk factors for COVID-19 in children, while other symptoms don’t seem helping discriminating in between the SARS-CoV-2 positive and the negative cases. This study confirm that COVID-19 is a mild disease in the general population of children in Italy. Further studies are needed to understand the risk, clinical spectrum and outcomes of COVID-19 in children with specific preexisting conditions.
phenopype: a phenotyping pipeline for Python
Authors: Lürig Moritz D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDigital images are an intuitive way to capture, store and analyze organismal phenotypes. Many biologists are taking images to collect high-dimensional phenotypic information from specimens, which are key to investigating complex ecological, evolutionary and developmental phenomena, such as relationships between trait diversity and ecosystem function, multivariate natural selection, or developmental plasticity. As a consequence, images are being collected at ever increasing rates, but extraction of the contained phenotypic information still poses a veritable analytical bottleneck.phenopypeis a high throughput phenotyping pipeline for the programming language Python that aims at alleviating this bottleneck. The package facilitates immediate extraction of high dimensional phenotypic data from laboratory grade digital images with low levels of background noise and complexity. At the core, phenopype provides functionality for rapid signal processing based image preprocessing and segmentation, followed by trait extraction, visualization and numerous options for data export. The functionality is provided by wrapping low-level Python computer vision libraries (e.g. OpenCV) into accessible functions, facilitating their incorporation into scientific image analysis workflows. In addition,phenopypeprovides a project management ecosystem to further simplify rapid data collection and to increase reproducibility.phenopypeoffers two different workflows that support users during different stages of scientific image analysis. The low-throughput workflow uses regular Python syntax and has greater flexibility at the cost of reproducibility, which is suitable for prototyping during the initial stage of a research project. The high-throughput workflow allows users to specify and store image-specific settings for analysis in human-readable YAML format, and then execute all functions in one step by means of an interactive parser. This approach facilitates rapid program-user interactions during batch processing, and greatly increases scientific reproducibility.Overall,phenopypeintends to make the features of powerful but technically involved low-level CV libraries available to biologists with little or no Python coding experience. Therefore,phenopypeis aiming to augment, rather than replace the utility of existing Python CV libraries, allowing biologists to focus on rapid and reproducible data collection. Furthermore, image annotations produced byphenopypecan be used as training data, thus presenting a stepping stone towards the application of deep learning architectures.