bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renovation of evacuation facilities in case of leakage of high-temperature molten metal
Authors: Zhang Yongming , Yang Tan , Zhang Qixing , Chen Bing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the renovation design of the evacuation facility in the high-temperature molten aluminum casting workshop was designed by the research team of the State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China to deal with the impact of high-temperature molten metal leakage and diffusion accidents. The field experiment results show that the evacuation path of the mixed furnace eye worker and the crane driver is severely blocked. In response to this problem, the evacuation escalator and evacuation slide were respectively designed during the renovation, and the evacuation path after the renovation was re-planned. According to the numerical simulation results, the new evacuation system has made great progress, and the efficiency of evacuation of people has been significantly improved. The current research provides a model for the reconstruction of the personnel evacuation system in the existing metallurgical workshop accident scene, which has great practical value for ensuring the safety of high-temperature molten metal operations.
Research Progress on Dynamic Stability of Layered Rock Slope
Authors: Li Yang , He Chunmei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The analysis of failure mechanism and stability of rock slope under seismic load has become an important research content in geotechnical engineering, and the layered structure is the most common among the rock masses composing the slope. In this paper, the layered rock slope is divided into three types, i.e., horizontal, bedding and anti-dipping, according to the dip angle of rock layer in the layered slope. The influence factors, failure modes and dynamic stability of the three kinds of slope under seismic action are systematically summarized and reviewed in detail, and the problems to be studied and the possible research approaches are pointed out in the light of the current research methods.
Microwave surface transport in narrow-bandgap

PdSe2

-MOSFETs
Authors: Le Goff R , Rosticher M , Peng Y , Liu Z , Taniguchi T , Watanabe K , Berroir J-M , Bocquillon E , Fève G , Voisin C , Chazelas J , Plaçais B , Baudin E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Group-10 transition-metal dichalcogenides are puckered van der Waals semiconductors, with a narrow bandgap, envisioned for ultra-broadband infrared (IR) detection. To assess their dynamical transport properties we investigate

P
d
S
e

2

n-MOSFETs by using microwave admittance spectroscopy. We report on surface channel inversion-depletion-accumulation behaviors with a depletion length of

15

n
m

, a mobility of

110

c
m

2

V

−
1

s

−
1

, and a bulk bandgap of

0.15

e
V

. Our 10 µm long devices have an electronic cut-off frequency in the GHz range promising a large gain-bandwidth product, competitive with that of III–V (InAs) and II–VI (HgCdTe) devices. The integration of bulk absorption and surface readout in

P
d
S
e

2

-MOSFETs is a monolithic geometry suitable for fast IR detection in the application-rich 1–

10
μ

m

range, which includes molecular spectroscopy, atmospheric communications and thermal sensing.
Optothermal Raman measurement determined thermal conductivity characteristics in NiMn2O4 films grown by chemical solution deposition
Authors: Xu Decai , Sang Yuxiang , Chu Yuanyuan , Yu Yin , Liu Fang , Hou Yun , Wang Xingjun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
NiMn2O4 (NMO) thin films with different thicknesses (0.47–1.90 μm) were grown on Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)(100) substrates by chemical solution deposition (CSD). The effects of different growth conditions on the structural and thermal properties of NMO films were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements show that both the average grain size of the samples and the surface roughness become larger with an increase of thickness. Based on isothermal surface condition, the corresponding thermal conductivity of NMO films was extracted from the optothermal Raman measurement and the obtained thermal conductivity is ∼4.0 ± 0.8 W m−1 K−1 for micrometer-scale films, suggesting that the (grain) boundary phonon scattering plays a minor role to affect the thermal conductivity of thin NMO films.
Decision-making framework for an acute care clinical pharmacist productivity model: Part 1
Authors: Vest Tyler A , Simmons Adrienne , Morbitzer Kathryn A , McLaughlin Jacqueline E , Cicci Jonathan , Clarke Megan , Valgus John M , Falato Chris , Waldron Kayla M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Clinical pharmacist productivity assessment has long been challenging, as a standard definition does not exist. A multistep project was undertaken with the intent to develop, validate, and implement an acute care clinical pharmacist productivity model. The initial step of the project was designed to identify, define, prioritize, and weight a comprehensive list of daily pharmacist responsibilities stratified by relative time spent on each function via consensus.

Methods
Delphi methodology applied by a panel of experts was used to identify a comprehensive list of acute care pharmacist responsibilities ranked in order of time intensity. Twenty-three acute care clinical pharmacists participated in the process. The consensus list was validated by time observation studies. Each responsibility was assigned a weight and corresponding work outputs by a consensus panel. Weighting of each responsibility was assigned according to the relative time intensity and complexity of each task.

Results
The results of the Delphi consensus process included the top 20 time-intensive responsibilities identified by the acute care clinical pharmacists. Timed observations of acute care clinical pharmacists yielded results similar to those of the consensus process. Selection of corresponding work outputs and weights for each responsibility provided the final requirements for the productivity model.

Conclusion
The development of an acute care clinical pharmacist productivity model first requires the selection of appropriate work outputs and weighting. The consensus process provided a newly identified comprehensive list of pharmacist responsibilities that will serve as the foundation of the clinical productivity model. Validated consensus methodology can be useful for engaging clinical pharmacists in decision-making and the development of a clinical productivity model.
VI—Paradoxes as Philosophical Method and Their Zenonian Origins
Authors: Sattler Barbara M 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper I show that one of the most fruitful ways of employing paradoxes has been as a philosophical method that forces us to reconsider basic assumptions. After a brief discussion of recent understandings of the notion of paradoxes, I show that Zeno of Elea was the inventor of paradoxes in this sense, against the background of Heraclitus’ and Parmenides’ way of argumentation: in contrast to Heraclitus, Zeno’s paradoxes do not ask us to embrace a paradoxical reality; and in contrast to Parmenides, Zeno shows common assumptions to be internally problematic, not just in light of Eleatic positions.
Survival of brain tumour patients with epilepsy
Authors: Mastall Maximilian , Wolpert Fabian , Gramatzki Dorothee , Imbach Lukas , Becker Denise , Schmick Anton , Hertler Caroline , Roth Patrick , Weller Michael , Wirsching Hans-Georg 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pro-tumorigenic electrochemical synapses between neurons and brain tumour cells in preclinical studies suggest unfavourable effects of epilepsy on patient survival. We investigated associations of epilepsy and survival in three cohorts of brain tumour patients (meningioma, glioblastoma and brain metastases). Cohorts were segregated into three groups for comparative analyses: (i) no epilepsy; (ii) epilepsy without status epilepticus; and (iii) status epilepticus. Status epilepticus was considered a surrogate of extensive neuronal hyperexcitability. The main outcome was progression-free survival (meningioma) and overall survival (glioblastoma and brain metastases), adjusted for established prognostic factors and onset of epilepsy by time-dependent multivariate Cox modelling. The primary analysis population comprised 1792 patients (742 meningioma, 249 glioblastoma, 801 brain metastases). Epilepsy was associated with favourable prognostic factors. However, on multivariate analyses, status epilepticus was associated with inferior overall survival of patients with glioblastoma [status epilepticus versus no epilepsy multivariate hazard ratio (HR) 3.72, confidence interval (CI) 1.78–7.76, P &lt; 0.001] and brain metastases (status epilepticus versus no epilepsy HR 2.30, CI 1.10–4.79, P = 0.026). Among brain metastases patients, but not among patients with meningioma or glioblastoma, epilepsy was similarly associated with inferior overall survival (epilepsy versus no epilepsy HR 2.16, CI 1.60–2.93, P &lt; 0.001). We conclude that epilepsy may convey inferior survival of patients with malignant brain tumours.
ID4 predicts poor prognosis and promotes BDNF-mediated oncogenesis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Ha Cam-Thu , Cheng Chih-Yuan , Zheng Ming-Yi , Hsu Tang-Hui , Miao Chia-Cheng , Lee Chang-Jung , Wang Horng-Dar , Pan Shien-Tung , Chou Yu-Ting 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Inhibitors of DNA binding and cell differentiation (ID) proteins regulate cellular differentiation and tumor progression. Whether ID family proteins serve as a linkage between pathological differentiation and cancer stemness in colorectal cancer is largely unknown. Here, the expression of ID4, but not other ID family proteins, was enriched in LGR5-high colon cancer stem cells. Its high expression was associated with poor pathological differentiation of colorectal tumors and shorter survival in patients. Knockdown of ID4 inhibited the growth and dissemination of colon cancer cells, while enhancing chemosensitivity. Through gene expression profiling analysis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was identified as a downstream target of ID4 expression in colorectal cancer. BDNF knockdown decreased the growth and migration of colon cancer cells, and its expression enhanced dissemination, anoikis resistance and chemoresistance. ID4 silencing attenuated the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pattern in colon cancer cells. Gene cluster analysis revealed that ID4 and BDNF expression was clustered with mesenchymal markers and distant from epithelial genes. BDNF silencing decreased the expression of mesenchymal markers Vimentin, CDH2 and SNAI1. These findings demonstrated that ID4–BDNF signaling regulates colorectal cancer survival, with the potential to serve as a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer.
Sustainable Surveillance of Neglected Tropical Diseases for the Post-Elimination Era
Authors: Hatherell Hollie-Ann , Simpson Hope , Baggaley Rebecca F , Hollingsworth T Déirdre , Pullan Rachel L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) 2030 road map for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) emphasizes the importance of strengthened, institutionalized “post-elimination” surveillance. The required shift from disease-siloed, campaign-based programming to routine, integrated surveillance and response activities presents epidemiological, logistical, and financial challenges, yet practical guidance on implementation is lacking. Nationally representative survey programs, such as demographic and health surveys (DHS), may offer a platform for the integration of NTD surveillance within national health systems and health information systems. Here, we describe characteristics of DHS and other surveys conducted within the WHO Africa region in terms of frequency, target populations, and sample types and discuss applicability for post-validation and post-elimination surveillance. Maximizing utility depends not only on the availability of improved diagnostics but also on better understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of transmission at low prevalence. To this end, we outline priorities for obtaining additional data to better characterize optimal post-elimination surveillance platforms.
Risk Factors Associated With Carbapenemase-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Positive Cultures in a Cohort of US Veterans
Authors: Wilson Geneva M , Suda Katie J , Fitzpatrick Margaret A , Bartle Brian , Pfeiffer Christopher D , Jones Makoto , Rubin Michael A , Perencevich Eli , Evans Martin , Evans Charlesnika T ,   QUERI CARRIAGE Program
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) cause approximately 13 100 infections, with an 8% mortality rate in the United States annually. Carbapenemase-producing CRE (CP-CRE) a subset of CRE infections infections have much higher mortality rates (40%–50%). There has been little research on characteristics unique to CP-CRE. The goal of the current study was to assess differences between US veterans with non-CP-CRE and those with CP-CRE cultures.

Methods
A retrospective cohort of veterans with CRE cultures from 2013–2018 and their demographic, medical, and facility level covariates were collected. Clustered multiple logistic regression models were used to assess independent factors associated with CP-CRE.

Results
The study included 3096 unique patients with cultures positive for either non-CP-CRE or CP-CRE. Being African American (odds ratio, 1.44 [95% confidence interval, 1.15–1.80]), diagnosis in 2017 (3.11 [2.13–4.54]) or 2018 (3.93 [2.64–5.84]), congestive heart failure (1.35 [1.11–1.64]), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (1.39 [1.03–1.87]) were associated with CP-CRE cultures. There was no known antibiotic exposure in the previous year for 752 patients (24.3% of the included patients). Those with no known antibiotic exposure had increased frequency of prolonged proton pump inhibitor use (17.3%) compared to those with known antibiotic exposure (5.6%).

Discussion
Among a cohort of patients with CRE, African Americans, patients with congestive heart failure, and those with gastroesophageal reflux disease had greater odds of having a CP-CRE culture. Roughly 1 in 4 patients with CP-CRE had no known antibiotic exposure in the year before their positive culture.
Trends Over Time in the Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
Authors: Ioannou George N , O’Hare Ann M , Berry Kristin , Fan Vincent S , Crothers Kristina , Eastment McKenna C , Locke Emily , Green Pamela , Shah Javeed A , Dominitz Jason A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
We aimed to describe trends in adverse outcomes among patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between February and September 2020 within a national healthcare system.

Methods
We identified enrollees in the national United States Veterans Affairs healthcare system who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 28 February 2020 and 30 September 2020 (n = 55 952), with follow-up extending to 19 November 2020. We determined trends over time in incidence of the following outcomes that occurred within 30 days of testing positive: hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, and death.

Results
Between February and July 2020, there were marked downward trends in the 30-day incidence of hospitalization (44.2% to 15.8%), ICU admission (20.3% to 5.3%), mechanical ventilation (12.7% to 2.2%), and death (12.5% to 4.4%), which subsequently plateaued between July and September 2020. These trends persisted after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, comorbid conditions, documented symptoms, and laboratory tests, including among subgroups of patients hospitalized, admitted to the ICU, or treated with mechanical ventilation. From February to September, there were decreases in the use of hydroxychloroquine (56.5% to 0%), azithromycin (48.3% to 16.6%), vasopressors (20.6% to 8.7%), and dialysis (11.6% to 3.8%) and increases in the use of dexamethasone (3.4% to 53.1%), other corticosteroids (4.9% to 29.0%), and remdesivir (1.7% to 45.4%) among hospitalized patients.

Conclusions
The risk of adverse outcomes in SARS-CoV-2–positive patients decreased markedly between February and July, with subsequent stabilization from July to September. These trends were not explained by changes in measured baseline patient characteristics and may reflect changing treatment practices or viral pathogenicity.
Machine learning-based risk profile classification of patients undergoing elective heart valve surgery
Authors: Bodenhofer Ulrich , Haslinger-Eisterer Bettina , Minichmayer Alexander , Hermanutz Georg , Meier Jens 
Published: May 2021

Abstract OBJECTIVESMachine learning methods potentially provide a highly accurate and detailed assessment of expected individual patient risk before elective cardiac surgery. Correct anticipation of this risk allows for the improved counselling of patients and avoidance of possible complications. We therefore investigated the benefit of modern machine learning methods in personalized risk prediction for patients undergoing elective heart valve surgery.METHODSWe performed a monocentric retrospective study in patients who underwent elective heart valve surgery between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2014 at our centre. We used random forests, artificial neural networks and support vector machines to predict the 30-day mortality from a subset of 129 available demographic and preoperative parameters. Exclusion criteria were reoperation of the same patient, patients who needed anterograde cerebral perfusion due to aortic arch surgery and patients with grown-up congenital heart disease. Finally, the cohort consisted of 2229 patients with a 30-day mortality of 3.86% (86 of 2229 cases). This trial has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03724123).RESULTSThe final random forest model trained on the entire data set provided an out-of-bag area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.839, which significantly outperformed the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) (AUC = 0.704) and a model trained only on the subset of features EuroSCORE uses (AUC = 0.745).CONCLUSIONSAdvanced machine learning methods can predict outcomes of valve surgery procedures with higher accuracy than established risk scores based on logistic regression on pre-selected parameters. This approach is generalizable to other elective high-risk interventions and allows for training models to the cohorts of specific institutions
Fluorescence microscopy datasets for training deep neural networks
Authors: Hagen Guy M , Bendesky Justin , Machado Rosa , Nguyen Tram-Anh , Kumar Tanmay , Ventura Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Fluorescence microscopy is an important technique in many areas of biological research. Two factors that limit the usefulness and performance of fluorescence microscopy are photobleaching of fluorescent probes during imaging and, when imaging live cells, phototoxicity caused by light exposure. Recently developed methods in machine learning are able to greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of acquired images. This allows researchers to record images with much shorter exposure times, which in turn minimizes photobleaching and phototoxicity by reducing the dose of light reaching the sample.

Findings
To use deep learning methods, a large amount of data is needed to train the underlying convolutional neural network. One way to do this involves use of pairs of fluorescence microscopy images acquired with long and short exposure times. We provide high-quality datasets that can be used to train and evaluate deep learning methods under development.

Conclusion
The availability of high-quality data is vital for training convolutional neural networks that are used in current machine learning approaches.
Novel Dent disease 1 cellular models reveal biological processes underlying ClC-5 loss-of-function
Authors: Durán Mónica , Burballa Carla , Cantero-Recasens Gerard , Butnaru Cristian M , Malhotra Vivek , Ariceta Gema , Sarró Eduard , Meseguer Anna 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dent disease 1 (DD1) is a rare X-linked renal proximal tubulopathy characterized by low molecular weight proteinuria and variable degree of hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and/or nephrolithiasis, progressing to chronic kidney disease. Although mutations in the electrogenic Cl−/H+ antiporter ClC-5, which impair endocytic uptake in proximal tubule cells, cause the disease, there is poor genotype–phenotype correlation and their contribution to proximal tubule dysfunction remains unclear. To further discover the mechanisms linking ClC-5 loss-of-function to proximal tubule dysfunction, we have generated novel DD1 cellular models depleted of ClC-5 and carrying ClC-5 mutants p.(Val523del), p.(Glu527Asp) and p.(Ile524Lys) using the human proximal tubule-derived RPTEC/TERT1 cell line. Our DD1 cellular models exhibit impaired albumin endocytosis, increased substrate adhesion and decreased collective migration, correlating with a less differentiated epithelial phenotype. Despite sharing functional features, these DD1 cell models exhibit different gene expression profiles, being p.(Val523del) ClC-5 the mutation showing the largest differences. Gene set enrichment analysis pointed to kidney development, anion homeostasis, organic acid transport, extracellular matrix organization and cell-migration biological processes as the most likely involved in DD1 pathophysiology. In conclusion, our results revealed the pathways linking ClC-5 mutations with tubular dysfunction and, importantly, provide new cellular models to further study DD1 pathophysiology.
Feather, But Not Plasma, Glucocorticoid Response to Artificial Light at Night Differs between Urban and Forest Blue Tit Nestlings
Authors: Dominoni Davide M , Teo Dylon , Branston Claire J , Jakhar Aryan , Albalawi Bedur Faleh A , Evans Neil P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Urbanization drives phenotypic variation in many animal species. This includes behavioral and physiological traits such as activity patterns, aggression, and hormone levels. A current challenge of urban evolutionary ecology is to understand the environmental drivers of phenotypic variation in cities. Moreover, do individuals develop tolerance to urban environmental factors, which underlie adaptative responses and contribute to the evolution of urban populations? Most available evidence comes from correlative studies and rare experiments where a single urban-related environmental factor has been manipulated in the field. Here we present the results of an experiment in which we tested for differences in the glucocorticoid (CORT) response of urban and rural blue tits nestlings (Cyanistes caeruleus) to artificial light at night (ALAN). ALAN has been suggested to alter CORT response in several animal species, but to date no study has investigated whether this effect of ALAN differs between urban and rural populations. Immediately after hatching, urban and forest broods were either exposed to 2 lux of ALAN (using an LED source mounted inside the nestbox) or received no treatment (dark control). The experiment lasted until the chicks fledged. When the chicks were 13 days old plasma samples were collected to measure baseline CORT concentrations, and feather samples to provide an integrative measure of CORT during growth. Forest birds had higher plasma CORT (pCORT) concentrations than their urban counterparts, irrespective of whether they were exposed to ALAN or not. Conversely, we found population-specific responses of feather CORT to ALAN. Specifically, urban birds that received ALAN had increased feather CORT compared with the urban dark controls, while the opposite was true for the forest birds. pCORT concentrations were negatively associated to fledging success, irrespective of population and treatment, while feather CORT was positively associated to fledging success in broods exposed to ALAN, but negatively in the dark control ones. Our results demonstrate that ALAN can play a role in determination of the glucocorticoid phenotype of wild animals, and may thus contribute to phenotypic differences between urban and rural animals.