bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Mobile Virtual Laboratorium pada Pembelajaran Praktikum Materi Pencemaran Air
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Destiansari Elvira , Amizera Susy 
Published: February 2021

Pembelajaran yang memerlukan laboratorium dengan alat dan bahan yang memenuhi standar sudah seharusnya dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik terutama pada materi yang berkaitan dengan prinsip ekologi seperti materi pencemaran air. Namun keterbatasan akan hal tersebut menjadikan pemilihan kegiatan praktikum dengan menggunakan virtual lab menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam membantu kegiatan belajar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan mobile virtual lab pada materi pencemaran air, melakukan validasi baik materi, tampilan dan bahasa serta mengetahui respon mahasiswa terhadap penggunaannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian pengembangan dengan tahapan penelitian dan pengembangannay seperti tahap studi pendahuluan,tahap perencanaan penelitian, dan tahap pengembangan produk (baik dari desain, produksi, dan validasi produk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh produk mobile virtual lab berdasarkan beberapa pertimbangan antara lain berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan serta hasil masukan dari ahli materi, bahasa, dan tampilan. Uji coba yang dilakukan sampai ke tahap skala kecil memperoleh hasil bahwa pada aspek materi dengan indeks rata-rata 88% terkategori sangat baik, aspek bahasa dengan indeks rata-rata 91,11% terkategori sangat baik, dan aspek tampilan dengan indeks rata-rata 94,07% juga terkategori sangat baik. Ini menujukkan bahwa mobile virtual lab yang dikembangkan sudah sangat baik dalam hal materi, bahasa, dan tampilan. Perbaikan dan saran yang diberikan cukup mendukung untuk melanjutkan ke tahap pengujian skala besar yang pada akhirnya diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan lebih luas dan bermanfaat untuk proses pembelajaran.
Kārlis Cemiņš – mākslinieks un pedagogs
Authors: Bulavs Vilnis 
Published: February 2021

Kārlis Celmiņš (1894–1973) is one of the less famous Latvian artists. He was born in Cēsis as the fifth, the last child in his family, the only son. He received an artistic education at Stroganov School of Arts in Moscow. Still studying at this school, Celmiņš took part in the IV Exhibition of Latvian Art in Riga in 1914. After he had finished school, he was drafted into the Russian Empire’s army, where he was assigned a painter decorator of his regiment. Celmiņš returned to Latvia in 1918. After working as a teacher of drawing in Madona for two years, he moved to Jelgava. There he worked as a teacher of arts in Jelgava Classic Gymnasium. During the time of independent Latvia, Celmiņš actively took part in Jelgava’s artistic life. He regularly displayed his works at society’s “Zaļā Vārna” and other exhibitions and organized exhibitions himself together with students of the gymnasium.
Celmiņš had many-sided artistic interests. He was not only painting and drawing but also doing graphics, applied arts, making silver jewelry, and writing poems in his leisure time. The monument devoted to the Latvian soldiers who fell in action in 1916–1917 was made after the artist’s project. Almost all works of the master were destroyed in the ruins of Jelgava during the war in 1944. Celmiņš felt very sorry about this loss. The artist and his wife and children moved to Dundaga after Jelgava was destroyed, but when the war was over, they settled in Tukums. There Celmiņš worked in a ceramics workshop as a decorator of ready-made plates and dishes. In 1946 the artist was invited to work at the School of Applied Arts in Liepāja. The rest of his life Celmiņš spent in this city. The artist painted portraits, landscapes, still-lifes, and decorative compositions with plants, flowers, and the sea all his creative life. He did his works with oil, watercolours, colour chalks, and pencil.
The life of the free-thinking artist was not easy during the Soviet occupation. Many people did not understand the art of Celmiņš. At the end of his life, the master organised several personal exhibitions in Liepāja, Jelgava, Cēsis. Many interesting paintings of flowers done with watercolours, pastel, and colour oil chalks were displayed in his last exhibition, “Flowers” in 1973. Those were the paintings of gladioli, irises, calla lilies, and other flowers made during the last years of his life.	Celmiņš died in Liepāja on 16 October 1973, leaving a wide range of works of his individual, unique style.
Review Effect of Caffeine Overdose
Authors: Chandio Zaheer Ahmed , Sidiqua Aaisha , Khaskheli Mazhar Iqbal , Waghani Amrat , Metlo Wazir Ali 
Published: February 2021

Background: Caffeine is from methyl xanthine class which mainly stimulates the central nervous system. Caffeine is one of the most widely used psychoactive drugs in the world. It is commonly found in beverages, chocolates, cocoa containing products and in medications. Caffeine is recognized as legal and its consumption is unregulated all over of the world.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to summarize the impact of caffeine on behavioral and health alterations, in both controlled and overdose conditions. Moreover, the specifics of caffeine withdrawal and a number of guidelines on how to handle reducing or quitting caffeine intake altogether is also highlighted.
Methodology: To compose this review, more than seventy research and review articles were overviewed that were published over a period of last twenty years, using Google Scholar search engines.
Results: Caffeine regular use causes physical dependence which may become the caffeine withdrawal sign that can consequently harm normal working. The most important function of caffeine is that it can reversibly blocks the adenosine performance on its receptor and as a result which prevent the beginning of drowsiness encouraged by adenosine. Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system symptom including fatigue, drowsiness, depressed mood, headache, difficulty concentrating, decreased energy, decreased contentedness, decreased alertness, irritability and unclear headed.
Conclusion: It is concluded that utilization of caffeine in a prescribed dose can have good impact on health and may decrease addictive symptoms. Additionally, reducing caffeine dosage over a six-week period guides to successful, long-term caffeine cessation with very few side effects.
Responses of Fig Cuttings (Ficus Carica) to Different Sowing Dates and Potting Media under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Haripur
Authors: Mehmood Saad , Ayub Qasim , Khan Shah Masaud , Arif Nida , Khan Muhammad Jalal , Mehmood Abid , Shahzad Qammer , Haq Naveed ul , Tanoli Muhammad Tehseen Zaheer , Ayub Muhammad Umer 
Published: February 2021

Background: Fig belongs to tropical and subtropical climates, and Haripur district being a subtropical area have great potential for successful commercial cultivation of figs. The most common method of fig propagation is by hardwood cutting, which is an easy and economical way of propagation. But lack of knowledge regarding suitable date of cutting collection and sowing and selection of appropriate potting medium severely limits the production of fig on a commercial scale.
Objectives: Current study was undertaken in order to identify suitable collecting dates of fig cuttings and to develop a suitable potting media for the successful establishment of fig cutting.
Methodology: The study was comprised of four different potting media i.e. Soil, Farmyard or Manure (FYM), Compost, Soil+FYM+Compost (1:1:1) and cuttings of fig cultivar Sawari were collected and sown on two different dates i.e. 1st January and 15th January in polyethene bags of uniform size. The experiment was laid in Complete Randomized Design (CRD).
Results: Results revealed that maximum Length of the root (9.8 cm), Shoot thickness (1.4 cm) and Number of leaves (4.1) were noted in FYM, whereas maximum days to Sprouting (18.5) and Survival percentage (82.3%) were noted in Soil+FYM+Compost (1:1:1). Whereas fig cutting sown on 15th January showed maximum Days to sprouting (18.8), Length of the root (9.4 cm), Survival percentage (87.1%), Shoot thickness (1.8cm) and Number of leaves (4.6).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that FYM and 15th January showed highest values of studied parameters.
The Response of Pakistan to COVID-19 and Current Situation of Disease in the Country
Authors: Ullah Rizwan , Khan Ibrar , Rehman Aneela , Hayyat Azam , Rehman Mujaddad ur , Massa Salvatore 
Published: February 2021

Background: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) was reported for the first time in China and then quickly spread to other countries. In Pakistan, the first case appeared in Sindh province on February 26, 2020, and within a few weeks, more than 100 cases were reported across the country. Currently, all provinces and territories of the country are affected and cases are growing faster every day. Pakistan is among those countries that have problems with health and diagnostic facilities due to poor economic conditions.
Objectives: The present review aims to highlight the emergence, spread and control of the disease in Pakistan. Furthermore, it also highlights the response of Pakistan in the management of COVID-19 outbreak, and the country’s contribution in the field of science and technology for the betterment of diagnostic and treatment capabilities against the disease.
Methodology: Collection of data was done through national and international forums like Covid-WHO report and COVID-19 Health advisory platform by Ministry of National Health Services Regulation.
Results: The important mean for prevention is the proper use of Standard Operating Procedure (SOPs). Quarantine and isolation centers help in limiting the spread of this deadly disease.
Conclusion: It is concluded that no vaccine is available for the treatment of this emerging disease so far. The only prevention is to properly and strictly follow the SOPs guidelines.
On the Collisional Disalignment of Dust Grains in Illuminated and Shaded Regions of IC 63
Authors: Soam Archana , Andersson B.-G. , Acosta-Pulido Jose , López Manuel Fernández , Vaillancourt John E. , Widicus Weaver Susanna L. , Piirola Vilppu , Gordon Michael S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Interstellar dust grain alignment causes polarization from UV to mm wavelengths, allowing the study of the geometry and strength of the magnetic field. Over the last couple of decades, observations and theory have led to the establishment of the radiative alignment torque mechanism as a leading candidate to explain the effect. With a quantitatively well constrained theory, polarization can be used not only to study the interstellar magnetic field, but also the dust and other environmental parameters. Photodissociation regions, with their intense, anisotropic radiation fields, consequent rapid H2 formation, and high spatial density-contrast provide a rich environment for such studies. Here we discuss an expanded optical, NIR, and mm-wave study of the IC 63 nebula, showing strong H2 formation-enhanced alignment and the first direct empirical evidence for disalignment due to gas–grain collisions using high-resolution HCO+(J = 1-0) observations. We find that a relative amount of polarization is marginally anticorrelated with column density of HCO+. However, separating the lines of sight of optical polarimetry into those behind, or in front of, a dense clump as seen from γ Cas, the distribution separates into two well defined sets, with data corresponding to “shaded” gas having a shallower slope. This is expected if the decrease in polarization is caused by collisions since collisional disalignment rate is proportional to

. Ratios of the best-fit slopes for the “illuminated” and “shaded” samples of lines of sight agrees, within the uncertainties, with the square root of the two-temperature H2 excitation in the nebula seen by Thi et al.
Pascal, auteur classique : la révision du texte des Pensées
Authors: Armogathe Jean-Robert 
Published: February 2021

L’édition de Port-Royal mérite l’attention : par la révision du texte de Pascal, elle témoigne à la fois de la réception des Pensées chez ses proches, de leur souci de corriger les fragments pour les accommoder à un idéal de style et, enfin, de tempérer les audaces théologiques de leur ami. Le génie propre de Pascal ressort d’autant mieux que l’on considère les corrections qui ont dû être apportées.
« Autour de lui, non en lui » : qualités empruntées et avantages effectifs chez Pascal
Authors: Fréry Nicolas 
Published: February 2021

Pascal s’inscrit plusieurs fois en faux contre le texte des Essais (I. 42) dans lequel Montaigne s’étonne que l’on estime autrui pour ce qui est « autour de lui, non en lui ». La nécessité de faire reposer les distinctions sociales sur un critère incontestable, le refus de tenir l’habit pour une « superficie », la disqualification des qualités de l’âme comme « qualités empruntées », sont autant d’arguments opposés à Montaigne. En analysant la réflexion pascalienne sur les rapports entre intrinsèque et extrinsèque, c’est une relecture du fragment « Qu’est-ce que le moi ? », de ses enjeux politiques, de ses antécédents montaigniens (et non seulement cartésiens), de ses liens avec la liasse « Raison des effets », que nous proposons.
Origines des fables et fables des origines dans l’ Histoire des deux Indes . Diderot dialoguant avec Fontenelle et Voltaire
Authors: Brot Muriel 
Published: February 2021

Histoire de la colonisation depuis le xv e siècle jusqu’aux années 1760-1770, inspirée par le rationalisme historique de Fontenelle et de Voltaire, l’ Histoire des deux Indes de l’abbé Raynal s’intéresse doublement aux origines des nations : sur le plan historiographique, pour dénoncer les fables et les impostures qui dénaturent l’histoire ; sur le plan politique, pour mettre au jour, et tenter d’infléchir, les processus économiques et philosophiques qui bloquent l’évolution des sociétés.
Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in animals in Iran
Authors: Jokar Mohammad , Rabiee Mohammad Hasan , Bokaie Saied , Rahmanian Vahid , Dehesh Paria , Hasannejad Hamideh , Hushmandi Kiavash , Keshipour Hadi 
Published: February 2021

Objective:
To review the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among animal population of Iran.

Methods:
Data were systematically gathered from 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2020 in the Islamic Republic of Iran from the following electronic databases: PubMed, Springer, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Magiran, and Scientific Information Database (SID). According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and inclusion criteria, 88 eligible studies were obtained.

Results:
The pooled prevalence of cryptosporidiosis using random and fixed effects model according to heterogeneity among animals was as follows: rodents 18.8% (95% CI 12.6%-25.0%), camels 17.1% (95% CI 8.6%-25.7%), cattle 16.8% (95% CI 13.4%-20.1%), goats 14.1% (95% CI 5.2%-23.0%), horses 12.2% (95% CI 8.3%- 16.2%), birds 10.5% (95% CI 7.6%-13.4%), sheep 9.9% (95% CI 2.4%-4.9%), cats 8.8% (95% CI 4.8%-12.8%) and dogs 3.7% (95% CI 7.0%-12.8%).

Conclusions:
Cryptosporidiosis has been reported and present in a wide range of animals in Iran over the years and has a high prevalence in most of these species.
Impact of Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic on Hemodialysis Care Delivery Pattern in Karnataka, India
Authors: Anupama Y. J. , Conjeevaram Arvind , Prabhu A R , Doshetty Manjunath , Srinivasa Sanjay , Moger Venkatesh 
Published: February 2021

Background:
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted health-care delivery globally. Patients on in-center hemodialysis (HD) are particularly affected due to their multiple hospital visits and the need for uninterrupted care for their well-being and survival. We studied the impact of the pandemic and the national policy for pandemic control on the HD care delivery in Karnataka state in India in April 2020, when the first and second national lockdown were in place.

Materials and Methods:
An online, questionnaire-based survey of dialysis facilities was conducted, and the responses analyzed. The questions were pertaining to the key areas such as changes in a number of dialysis treatments, frequency, duration, expenses, transportation to and from dialysis units, impact on the availability of consumables, the effect on dialysis personnel, and on machine maintenance.

Results:
Sixty-two centers participated. Median of dialysis treatments for the months of March and April 2020 was 695.5 and 650, respectively. Reduction in dialysis treatments was noted in 29 (46.8%) facilities, decreased frequency reported by sixty centers. In at least 35 (56.5%) centers, dialysis patients had to bear increased expenses. Cost and availability of dialysis consumables were affected in 40 (64.5%) and 55 (88.7%) centers, respectively. Problems with transportation and movement restriction were the two key factors affecting both patients and dialysis facilities.

Conclusions:
This survey documents the collateral impact of COVID-19 on the vulnerable group of patients on HD, even when not affected by COVID. It identifies the key areas of challenges faced by the patients and the facilities and implores the care providers for finding newer avenues for mitigation of the problems.
Estudio de las Importaciones de Productos Naturales Vitamínicos A&E dentro del Mercado Ecuatoriano, Periodo 2013-2016
Authors: Rodríguez Otto Suárez , B Stefanie Albarracín 
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como fin demostrar el impacto que tuvo la implementación de las Salvaguardias dentro del periodo 2013 – 2016 en los Productos Naturales Vitamínicos A & E. Se elaboraron cuadros comparativos de las importaciones de los productos naturales vitamínicos A & E antes y durante del periodo indicado dentro del trabajo. Se realizó un análisis de las estadísticas oficiales. Una vez obtenida la información se pudo indicar que las salvaguardias no fueron implementadas de una manera correcta para el caso de estos productos y que no hubo un informe que pudiera avalar la implementación de las mismas. Finalmente se presentó una propuesta innovadora adicional para ser implementada en el mercado nacional y con esto poder fomentar más fuentes de trabajo.
Modelo para Evaluar los Factores que Inciden en el Clima Laboral del GAD Provincial de Chimborazo
Authors: Cunín Chimborazo Rud Noemí , Acosta Olga Bravo 
Published: February 2021

La modernización de las entidades públicas y la creciente necesidad de mantener un clima laboral agradable es una temática importante en la actualidad, porque atribuye impacto directo en la percepción que el colaborador tiene con respecto a las prácticas administrativas, procesos, tecnología y otros factores, repercutiendo en su desempeño y por ende en el resultado de las organizaciones. Este trabajo tiene como propósito aplicar un modelo de evaluación que determine los factores que inciden en el clima laboral del GAD Provincial de Chimborazo, utilizando técnicas de recopilación de información, tales como entrevistas, observación y encuestas aplicadas a una muestra de 172 trabajadores. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental transversal y un alcance descriptivo – correlacional. Los resultados, al aplicar una combinación del Modelo de Litwin y Stringer (1968) & Williams (2013), reflejaron que el clima laboral del GADPCH fue del 44%. De acuerdo a cada dimensión, los siguientes: Estructura (67%), Conflicto (41%), Identidad (53%), Cooperación / Apoyo (42%), Recompensas (29%) y Comunicación (34%), resultando en un clima laboral regular. Es evidente la existencia de un cierto nivel de insatisfacción de los servidores públicos con respecto a su entorno laboral. Se presenta una propuesta, que contiene el planteamiento de estrategias de solución aplicadas a las dimensiones que obtuvieron la valoración más baja, mismas que están enfocadas a elevar la motivación, implementar nuevas técnicas de comunicación internas, gestionar arreglos satisfactorios por causa de un conflicto y también para fomentar el espíritu de trabajo en equipo.
Pengaruh Motivasi, Biaya Pendidikan dan Lama Pendidikan Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Akuntansi Mengikuti Pendidikan Akuntansi (PPAk) di Universitas Dharma Andalas
Authors: Rivandi Muhammad , Kemala Elvonika Retno 
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence regarding the influence of motivation, cost of education and length of education on student interest in taking accounting profession education (PPAk) at Dharma Andalas University, Padang. The population in this study were 152 students of the Department of Accounting 2015-2017 at Dharma Andalas University. Purposive sampling technique is a sampling technique used in this study. The sample in this study were 117 students of accounting class 2015-2017 at Dharma Andalas University. This type of research is quantitative research. Multiple linear regression analysis was used in this study. The results showed that motivation had no significant effect on student interest in attending PPAk which was indicated by a significant value of 0.131, while the cost of education and length of education had a positive and significant effect on student interest in attending PPAk levels which was indicated by a significant value. 0.004 and 0.021
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh motivasi, biaya pendidikan dan lama pendidikan terhadap minat mahasiswa menempuh pendidikan profesi akuntansi (PPAk) di Universitas Dharma Andalas Padang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 152 mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi 2015-2017 Universitas Dharma Andalas. Teknik purposive sampling merupakan teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 117 mahasiswa akuntansi angkatan 2015-2017 Universitas Dharma Andalas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Analisis regresi linier berganda digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat siswa mengikuti PPAk yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,131, sedangkan biaya pendidikan dan lama pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat siswa mengikuti PPAk yang diindikasikan dengan nilai yang signifikan. 0,004 dan 0,021