bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Particulate matter (PM10) prediction based on multiple linear regression: a case study in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand
Authors: Kliengchuay Wissanupong , Srimanus Rachodbun , Srimanus Wechapraan , Niampradit Sarima , Preecha Nopadol , Mingkhwan Rachaneekorn , Worakhunpiset Suwalee , Limpanont Yanin , Moonsri Kamontat , Tantrakarnapa Kraichat 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe northern regions of Thailand have been facing haze episodes and transboundary air pollution every year in which particulate matter, particularly PM10, accumulates in the air, detrimentally affecting human health. Chiang Rai province is one of the country’s most popular tourist destinations as well as an important economic hub. This study aims to develop and compare the best-fitted model for PM10prediction for different seasons using meteorological factors.MethodThe air pollution and weather data acquired from the Pollution Control Department (PCD) spanned from the years 2011 until 2018 at two stations on an hourly basis. Four different stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) models for predicting the PM10concentration were then developed, namely annual, summer, rainy, and winter seasons.ResultsThe maximum daily PM10concentration was observed in the summer season for both stations. The minimum daily concentration was detected in the rainy season. The seasonal variation of PM10was significantly different for both stations. CO was moderately related to PM10in the summer season. The PM10summer model was the best MLR model to predict PM10during haze episodes. In both stations, it revealed an R2of 0.73 and 0.61 in stations 65 and 71, respectively. Relative humidity and atmospheric pressure display negative relationships, although temperature is positively correlated with PM10concentrations in summer and rainy seasons. Whereas pressure plays a positive relationship with PM10in the winter season.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the MLR models are effective at estimating PM10concentrations at the local level for each seasonal. The annual MLR model at both stations indicates a good prediction with an R2of 0.61 and 0.52 for stations 65 and 73, respectively.
Patient empowerment through a user-centered design of an electronic personal health record: a qualitative study of user requirements in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Toni Esmaeel , Pirnejad Habibollah , Makhdoomi Khadijeh , Mivefroshan Azam , Niazkhani Zahra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
To improve chronic disease outcomes, self-management is an effective strategy. An electronic personal health record (ePHR) is a promising tool with the potential to support chronic patient’s education, counseling, and self-management. Fitting ePHRs within the daily practices of chronic care providers and chronic patients requires user-centered design approaches. We aimed to understand users’ needs and requirements in chronic kidney disease (CKD) care to consider in the design of an ePHR to facilitate its implementation, adoption, and use.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted in a major Iranian nephrology center including inpatient and outpatient settings in 2019. We conducted 28 semi-structured interviews with CKD patients, nurses, and adult nephrologists. To confirm or modify the requirements extracted from the interviews, a focus group was also held. Data were analyzed to extract especially those requirements that can facilitate implementation, adoption, and sustained use based on the PHR adoption model and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology.

Results
Participants requested an ePHR that provides access to up to date patient information, facilitates patient-provider communication, and increases awareness about patient individualized conditions. Participants expected a system that is able to cater to low patient e-health literacy and high provider workload. They requested the ePHR to include purposeful documentation of medical history, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, tailored educational content, and scheduled care reminders. Messaging function, tailored educational content to individual patients’ conditions, and controlled access to information were highly valued in order to facilitate its implementation, adoption, and use.

Conclusions
We focused on the ePHR’s content and functionalities in the face of facilitators and/or barriers envisioned for its adoption in nephrology care. Designers and implementers should value CKD patients’ needs and requirements for self-management such as providing personalized education and counseling (on the basis of their condition and risk factors), health literacy, and disease progression levels. The socio-technical aspects of care also need further attention to facilitate ePHR’s adoption.
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet assessed by a novel dietary biomarker score and mortality in older adults: the InCHIANTI cohort study
Authors: Hidalgo-Liberona Nicole , Meroño Tomás , Zamora-Ros Raul , Rabassa Montserrat , Semba Richard , Tanaka Toshiko , Bandinelli Stefania , Ferrucci Luigi , Andres-Lacueva Cristina , Cherubini Antonio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Dietary biomarkers may complement dietary intake assessment made by dietary questionnaires. We developed an a-posteriori dietary biomarkers score based on Mediterranean diet food groups and evaluated its association with mortality.

Methods
642 participants (56% female), aged ≥65 years, with complete data on dietary biomarkers were followed during 20 years in the InCHIANTI cohort study (Tuscany, Italy). The main outcomes were all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Dietary biomarkers were selected from literature and from correlation analyses with dietary intakes of Mediterranean diet food groups in the study. The baseline levels of the following dietary biomarkers were chosen: urinary total polyphenols and resveratrol metabolites, and plasma carotenoids, selenium, vitamin B12, linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, and the mono-unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio. Associations of the Mediterranean diet score using dietary biomarkers and a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (as tertiles) with mortality were assessed through Cox regression.

Results
During the 20-year follow-up [median (Q1–Q3), 14 (8–18) years], and 435 deaths occurred (139 from cardiovascular diseases and 89 from cancer-related causes). In the fully adjusted models, the dietary biomarker-Mediterranean diet score was inversely associated with all-cause (HRT3vs.T1 0.72; 95%CI 0.56–0.91) and cardiovascular (HRT3vs.T1 0.60; 95%CI 0.38–0.93), but not with cancer mortality. Associations between the FFQ-Mediterranean diet score and mortality were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
A greater adherence at baseline to a Mediterranean diet assessed by a dietary biomarker score was associated with a lower risk of mortality in older adults during a 20-year follow-up. The measurement of dietary biomarkers may contribute to guide individualized dietary counseling to older people.

Trial registration
NCT01331512
Mutational signature analysis in non-small cell lung cancer patients with a high tumor mutational burden
Authors: van den Heuvel Guus R. M. , Kroeze Leonie I. , Ligtenberg Marjolijn J. L. , Grünberg Katrien , Jansen Erik A. M. , von Rhein Daniel , de Voer Richarda M. , van den Heuvel Michel M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. With the growing number of targeted therapies and the introduction of immuno-oncology (IO), personalized medicine has become standard of care in patients with metastatic disease. The development of predictive and prognostic biomarkers is of great importance. Mutational signatures harbor potential clinical value as predictors of therapy response in cancer. Here we set out to investigate particular mutational processes by assessing mutational signatures and associations with clinical features, tumor mutational burden (TMB) and targetable mutations.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we studied tumor DNA from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) irrespective of stage. The samples were sequenced using a 2 megabase (Mb) gene panel. On each sample TMB was determined and defined as the total number of single nucleotide mutations per Mb (mut/Mb) including non-synonymous mutations. Mutational signature profiling was performed on tumor samples in which at least 30 somatic single base substitutions (SBS) were detected.ResultsIn total 195 samples were sequenced. Median total TMB was 10.3 mut/Mb (range 0–109.3). Mutational signatures were evaluated in 76 tumor samples (39%; median TMB 15.2 mut/Mb). SBS signature 4 (SBS4), associated with tobacco smoking, was prominently present in 25 of 76 samples (33%). SBS2 and/or SBS13, both associated with activity of the AID/APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases, were observed in 11 of 76 samples (14%). SBS4 was significantly more present in early stages (I and II) versus advanced stages (III and IV;P = .005).ConclusionIn a large proportion of NSCLC patients tissue panel sequencing with a 2 Mb panel can be used to determine the mutational signatures. In general, mutational signature SBS4 was more often found in early versus advanced stages of NSCLC. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of mutational signature analyses.
Identification and clinical validation of EMT-associated prognostic features based on hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Dafeng , Wang Yu , Wu Jincai , Lin Shixun , Chen Yonghai , Zheng Jinfang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to construct a model based on the prognostic features associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) to explore the various mechanisms and therapeutic strategies available for the treatment of metastasis and invasion by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.

Methods
EMT-associated genes were identified, and their molecular subtypes were determined by consistent clustering analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the molecular subtypes were ascertained using the limma package and they were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. The immune cell scores of the molecular subtypes were evaluated using ESTIMATE, MCPcounter, and GSCA packages of R. A multi-gene prognostic model was constructed using lasso regression, and the immunotherapeutic effects of the model were analyzed using the Imvigor210 cohort. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis was performed on a cohort of HCC tissue to validate gene expression.

Results
Based on the 59 EMT-associated genes identified, the 365—liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) samples were divided into two subtypes, C1 and C2. The C1 subtype mostly showed poor prognosis, had higher immune scores compared to the C2 subtype, and showed greater correlation with pathways of tumor progression. A four-gene signature construct was fabricated based on the 1130 DEGs among the subtypes. The construct was highly robust and showed stable predictive efficacy when validated using datasets from different platforms (HCCDB18 and GSE14520). Additionally, compared to currently existing models, our model demonstrated better performance. The results of the immunotherapy cohort showed that patients in the low-risk group have a better immune response, leading to a better patient’s prognosis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the expression levels of the FTCD, PON1, and TMEM45A were significantly over-expressed in 41 normal samples compared to HCC samples, while that of the G6PD was significantly over-expressed in cancerous tissues.

Conclusions
The four-gene signature construct fabricated based on the EMT-associated genes provides valuable information to further study the pathogenesis and clinical management of HCC.
Anopheles drivers of persisting malaria transmission in Guna Yala, Panamá: an operational investigation
Authors: Ávila Mario I. , Vajda Élodie A. , Gutiérrez Eileen Jeffrey , Gibson Daragh A. , Renteria Mariela Mosquera , Presley Nicholas , O’Reilly Daniel , Burton Timothy A. , Tatarsky Allison , Lobo Neil F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Though most of Panamá is free from malaria, localized foci of transmission persist, including in the Guna Yala region. Government-led entomological surveillance using an entomological surveillance planning tool (ESPT) sought to answer programmatically-relevant questions that would enhance the understanding of both local entomological drivers of transmission and gaps in protection that result in persisting malaria transmission to guide local vector control decision-making.

Methods
The ESPT was used to design a sampling plan centered around the collection of minimum essential indicators to investigate the relevance of LLINs and IRS in the communities of Permé and Puerto Obaldía, Guna Yala, as well as to pinpoint any remaining spaces and times where humans are exposed to Anopheles bites (gaps in protection). Adult Anopheles were collected at three time points via human landing catches (HLCs), CDC Light Traps (LT), and pyrethrum spray catches (PSCs) during the rainy and dry seasons. Mosquitoes were identified to species via molecular methods. Insecticide susceptibility testing of the main vector species to fenitrothion was conducted.

Results
In total, 7537 adult Anopheles were collected from both sites. Of the 493 specimens molecularly confirmed to species, two thirds (n = 340) were identified as Nyssorhynchus albimanus, followed by Anopheles aquasalis. Overall Anopheles human biting rates (HBRs) were higher outdoors than indoors, and were higher in Permé than in Puerto Obaldía: nightly outdoor HBR ranged from 2.71 bites per person per night (bpn) (Puerto Obaldía), to 221.00 bpn (Permé), whereas indoor nightly HBR ranged from 0.70 bpn (Puerto Obaldía) to 81.90 bpn (Permé). Generally, peak biting occurred during the early evening. The CDC LT trap yields were significantly lower than that of HLCs and this collection method was dropped after the first collection. Pyrethrum spray catches resulted in only three indoor resting Anopheles collected. Insecticide resistance (IR) of Ny. albimanus to fenitrothion was confirmed, with only 65.5% mortality at the diagnostic time.

Conclusion
The early evening exophagic behaviour of Anopheles vectors, the absence of indoor resting behaviours, and the presence of resistance to the primary intervention insecticide demonstrate limitations of the current malaria strategy, including indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), and point to both gaps in protection and to the drivers of persisting malaria transmission in Guna Yala. These findings highlight the need for continued and directed entomological surveillance, based on programmatic questions, that generates entomological evidence to inform an adaptive malaria elimination strategy.
Self-reported arm and shoulder problems in breast cancer survivors in Sub-Saharan Africa: the African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes cohort study
Authors: Boucheron Pauline , Anele Angelica , Zietsman Annelle , Galukande Moses , Parham Groesbeck , Pinder Leeya F. , Andersson Therese M.-L. , Anderson Benjamin O. , Foerster Milena , Schüz Joachim , dos Santos Silva Isabel , McCormack Valerie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Arm and shoulder problems (ASP), including lymphedema, were common among women with breast cancer in high-income countries before sentinel lymph node biopsy became the standard of care. Although ASP impair quality of life, as they affect daily life activities, their frequency and determinants in Sub-Saharan Africa remain unclear.

Methods
All women newly diagnosed with breast cancer at the Namibian, Ugandan, Nigerian, and Zambian sites of the African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes (ABC-DO) cohort study were included. At each 3-month follow-up interview, women answered the EORTC-QLQ-Br23 questionnaire, including three ASP items: shoulder/arm pain, arm stiffness, and arm/hand swelling. We estimated the cumulative incidence of first self-reported ASP, overall and stratified by study and treatment status, with deaths treated as competing events. To identify determinants of ASP, we estimated cause-specific hazard ratios using Cox models stratified by study site.

Results
Among 1476 women, up to 4 years after diagnosis, 43% (95% CI 40–46), 36% (33–38) and 23% (20–25), respectively, self-reported having experienced arm/shoulder pain, stiffness and arm/hand swelling at least once. Although risks of self-reported ASP differed between sites, a more advanced breast cancer stage at diagnosis, having a lower socioeconomic position and receiving treatment increased the risk of reporting an ASP.

Conclusion
ASP are very common in breast cancer survivors in Sub-Saharan Africa. They are influenced by different factors than those observed in high-income countries. There is a need to raise awareness and improve management of ASP within the African setting.
Psychometric validation of the Korean version of PROMIS 29 Profile V2.1 among patients with lower extremity problems
Authors: Kim Youngha , Kang Danbee , Kang Eunjee , Lim Jihyun , Kim Sooyeon , Nam Heesu , Shim Sungkeun , Lee Mangyeong , Moon Young-Wan , Lim Seung-Jae , Sung Ki-Sun , Cho Juhee 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients with lower extremity problems (LEP) commonly experience functional loss, pain, decreased range of motion, inadequacy in daily living activities, and structural change in radiographic evaluations. However, the traditional patient-reported outcome measurement which focused on symptoms, had a limited scope of applicability. This study aimed to validate the psychometric properties of the Korean version of PROMIS-29 Profile v2.1 (K-PROMIS-29 V2.1), a multi-dimensional measure for assessing generic profile health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in a sample of patients with lower extremity problems (LEP).

Methods
Participants were recruited from the orthopedic outpatient clinics at the Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, South Korea from September to October 2018. Participants completed a survey questionnaire that included the K-PROMIS-29 V2.1 and the SF-36v2. Principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Pearson’s correlations were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the K-PROMIS-29 V2.1.

Results
A total of 299 participants were enrolled in the study and 258 (86%) completed the study questionnaire. The mean age (SD) of the participants was 56.6 (14.5) and 32.3%, 29.8, and 25.2% of the study participants visited outpatient clinics for foot, knee, and hip problems respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 7 sub-domains in K-PROMIS-29 V2.1 ranged from 0.80 to 0.95, indicating satisfactory internal consistency. In CFA, the goodness-of-fit indices were high (CFI = 0.937 and SRMR = 0.061). High to moderate correlations were found between comparable subscales of the K-PROMIS-29 V2.1 and subscales of the SF-36v2 (r = 0.55–0.70).

Conclusions
The K-PROMIS-29 V2.1 is a reliable and valid measure for assessing a broad range of health-related quality-of-life domains in patients with LEP. It would reflect the real-life symptoms experienced by patients with LEP.
Associations of Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A seropositivity with asthma in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL): addressing the hygiene hypothesis
Authors: Alvarez Christian S. , Avilés-Santa M. Larissa , Freedman Neal D. , Perreira Krista M. , Garcia-Bedoya Olga , Kaplan Robert C. , Daviglus Martha L. , Graubard Barry I. , Talavera Gregory A. , Thyagarajan Bharat , Camargo M. Constanza 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The hygiene hypothesis posits that microbial exposure reduces risk of asthma and other respiratory-related diseases. Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus (HAV) are common fecal–oral infections. Our study aimed to examine associations of seropositivity to these agents with asthma in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Methods
A total of 12,471 HCHS/SOL participants with baseline data on self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma, and antibodies anti-H. pylori and anti-HAV were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the overall associations of seropositivity to each agent with asthma. Analyses were also stratified by Hispanic/Latino background. Effect modification by smoking status and nativity were tested. An analysis restricted to individuals with spirometry-defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was also considered.

Results
The weighted overall prevalence of asthma was 16.6%. The weighted seroprevalence of H. pylori was 56.6% and of HAV was 76.6%, and they significantly differed by Hispanic/Latino background. After accounting for age, sex, education and other key confounders, we found no associations between H. pylori or HAV seropositivity with asthma (with and without COPD), either for all individuals combined or for any of the six specific backgrounds. There were no significant interactions by smoking and nativity.

Conclusion
Our findings did not provide support for the role of H. pylori or HAV, as evidence of the hygiene hypothesis in asthma among the large and diverse Hispanic/Latino populations of the HCHS/SOL.
Trial registration NCT02060344
HO-1/BMMSC perfusion using a normothermic machine perfusion system reduces the acute rejection of DCD liver transplantation by regulating NKT cell co-inhibitory receptors in rats
Authors: Cao Huan , Wu Longlong , Tian Xuan , Zheng Weiping , Yuan Mengshu , Li Xiang , Tian Xiaorong , Wang Yuxin , Song Hongli , Shen Zhongyang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Liver transplantation (LT) is required in many end-stage liver diseases. Donation after cardiac death (DCD) livers are often used, and treatment of acute rejection (ACR) requires the use of immunosuppressive drugs that are associated with complications. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are used in treatment following LT; however, they have limitations, including low colonization in the liver. An optimized BMMSC application method is required to suppress ACR.

Methods
BMMSCs were isolated and modified with the heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) gene. HO-1/BMMSCs were perfused into donor liver in vitro using a normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) system, followed by LT into rats. The severity of ACR was evaluated based on liver histopathology. Gene chip technology was used to detect differential gene expression, and flow cytometry to analyze changes in natural killer (NK) T cells.

Results
NMP induced BMMSCs to colonize the donor liver during in vitro preservation. The survival of HO-1/BMMSCs in liver grafts was significantly longer than that of unmodified BMMSCs. When the donor liver contained HO-1/BMMSCs, the local immunosuppressive effect was improved and prolonged, ACR was controlled, and survival time was significantly prolonged. The application of HO-1/BMMSCs reduced the number of NKT cells in liver grafts, increased the expression of NKT cell co-inhibitory receptors, and reduced NKT cell expression of interferon-γ.

Conclusions
NK cell and CD8+ T cell activation was inhibited by application of HO-1/BMMSCs, which reduced ACR of transplanted liver. This approach could be developed to enhance the success rate of LT.