bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Left Atrial Function in Uremic Patients by Speckle Tracing Imaging Evaluation of LA Function in Uremic Pts by STI
Authors: Ye Fuyong , Yang Yuwen , Liang Yinting , Liu Jianhua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the value of speckle tracing imaging (STI) for assessment of left atrial (LA) function in uremic patients.Methods: One hundred uremic patients were divided into four groups according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) criteria. Thirty healthy participants were enrolled as a control group. LA functional parameters were determined using conventional echocardiography. The strain rate (SR) curve of LA wall was prepared using STI, and SR in different phases of cardiac cycle were obtained.Results: The LA maximal volume (LAVmax) increased and LA passive ejection fraction (LAPEF) decreased. The LA active ejection fraction (LAAEF) showed an initial increase followed by a decrease (all p<0.05). The SR of LA lateral wall and interatrial septum (IAS) in systole (SRs-LA, SRs-IAS) and early diastole (SRe-LA, SRe-IAS) showed a steady decrease; the SR of LA lateral and IAS in late diastole (SRa-LA, SRa-IAS) showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. Compared with control group, the SRs-LA and SRs-IAS decreased in four groups with uremia (all p<0.05). A positive correlation was observed between LAPEF and the absolute value of mean peak early diastolic SR (|mSRe|) (r=0.862, p<0.05), and between LAAEF and the absolute value of mean peak late diastolic SR (|mSRa|) (r=0.756, p<0.05). LAVmax showed a negative correlation with mean peak systolic SR (mSRs) (r=-0.878, p<0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between LA function and LA strain rate in uremic patients. STI can allow for an objective and accurate evaluation of LA function in uremic patients.
Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Discectomy for Symptomatic Gas-filled Discal Cysts
Authors: Zhu Kejun , He Dengwei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective The aim of this retrospective study is to review our experience in the diagnosis and role of transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (TPED) for symptomatic gas-filled discal cysts. Methods Between May 2014 and June 2017, 3 patients from Lishui Center Hospital (Lishui China), who underwent TPED for symptomatic gas-filled discal cysts, were analyzed. The clinical features, imaging findings, operative findings and treatment outcomes are presented. In addition, relevant literature regarding gas-filled discal cysts were searched using PubMed, and their characteristics, clinical features, therapeutic strategies and survival outcomes were reviewed. Results The median age of the patients was 56.7 years (range, 55-60 years). In all patients, a discal cyst was located in the lumbar region, and the patients presented with backache and numbness in the lower extremities. The diagnosis was made by lumbar 3 dimensional-computed tomography (3D-CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients underwent TPED. All patients recovered successfully and were eventually discharged. Eighteen articles were identified from the searches of the database, and a total of 41 patients were included. There were 32 males and 9 females. The mean age was 58.1 years, ranging from 27 to 85 years. Lower back pain was the major symptom. Twenty-four patients underwent surgery, 4 patients underwent percutaneous needle aspiration, and 2 patients underwent drug therapy.Conclusion TPED for gas-filled discal cysts is feasible, effective and successful, although it should be performed by an experienced surgeon with awareness of the potential risk of severe nerve root injury.
Changes in Multidrug-resistant Escherichia Coli of Neonatal Meningitis During 2001–2019: a Study in Eastern China
Authors: Liu Yanli , Zhu Minli , Fu Xiaoqin , Cai Jiaojiao , Chen Shangqin , Lin Yuanyuan , Jiang Na , Lin Zhenlang , Chen Si 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and objective: Neonatal meningitis (NM) caused by Escherichia coli remains a major health problem in industrialized countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in antimicrobial resistance of E. coli causing neonatal meningitis in a perinatal center in eastern China over the past 19 years.Methods: This survey was investigated during three periods: 2001–2006, 2007–2012, and 2013–2019. NM is diagnosed according to the number of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid and the presence of a single potential pathogenic bacterium in culture extracted from blood or cerebrospinal fluid of any newborn baby. Changes in the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli were analyzed.Results: A total of 209 cases of NM were identified. E. coli was identified from 69 cases, of which extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was found in 21 cases. E. coli was the main cause of neonatal meningitis in this study. The overall resistance rate of E. coli to third-generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime increased from 0% in 2001–2006 to 50% in 2007–2012 and subsequently decreased to 29.0% in 2013–2019. This pattern of change is similar to that of ESBL production. Only 15.0% E. coli found in samples from infants with early-onset meningitis (EOM) produced ESBL, while 40.0% of E. coli from children with late-onset meningitis (LOM) produced ESBL. Conclusion: We concluded that E. coli remains the primary pathogen of NM. Compared to LOM, the percentage of ESBL-producing multi-drug resistant E. coli isolated from EOM is significantly decreased. Clinicians should consider this trend when choosing appropriate and effective antibiotics as empirical treatments for NM.
Application of Circulating Genetically Abnormal Cells in the Early-stage Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
Authors: qiu xiaochang , Zhang haoran , Zhao yongheng , Wan yunyan , Li dezhi , Yao zhouhong , Lin dianjie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer related death worldwide, early detection of the disease contributes to early diagnosis and reduce the incidence of death from lung cancer. Therefore, an effective and non-invasive method for early diagnosis of lung cancer is urgently needed.Methods To evaluate the diagnostic performance of circulating genetically abnormal cells(CAC) in early lung cancer, a total of 63 participants who completed CAC detection by ZHUHAI SANMED BIOTECH INC. and obtained pathological results from January to December 2020 were included in our study, which were divided into 50 cases of lung cancer ,13 cases of benign lung disease. The levels of lung cancer-related markers in peripheral blood and chest computed tomography(CT) imaging characteristics of these patients were collected before pathological acquisition.Results The positive rate of CAC was 90.0% in lung cancer group and 23.1% in benign lung disease group, the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of CAC was 0.837, the sensitivity was 90%, and the specificity was 76.9%.The area under the ROC curve and sensitivity were both higher than the combined or single serum tumor marker test.Conclusions This study preliminarily concludes that CAC, as a non-invasive test, has high sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis of lung cancer, which is expected to help early detection of disease in lung cancer patients and has certain help and guiding significance for clinical work.
Patterns of Wasting Among Pregnant and Lactating Women in Uganda, 2015-2018: Analysis of Nutrition Surveillance Data
Authors: Kyamwine Irene Byakatonda , Namukose Samalie , Wibabara Yvette , Bulage Lilian , Kwesiga Benon , Ario Alex Riolexus , Harris Julie R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Maternal nutrition is closely linked to the survival and development of children during the first 1000 days of life. Maternal wasting, a measure of malnutrition, is measured using the mid-upper arm circumference. However, in 2019, the rate and distribution of wasting among pregnant and lactating women was not known. We described annual trends and distribution of wasting among pregnant and lactating women (PLW), Uganda, 2015-2018, to inform programming on targeted nutritional interventions.Methods: We analyzed nutrition surveillance data from the District Health Information System for all PLW from 2015 to 2018. We used the World Health Organization standard thresholds to determine wasting among PLW by year and region, drawing choropleth maps to demonstrate the geographic distribution of wasting among PLW. We used logistic regression to assess wasting trends. Results: During 2015-2018, 268,636 PLW were wasted (prevalence=5.5%). Of the 15 regions of Uganda, Karamoja (prevalence=21%) and Lango (prevalence=17%) registered the highest prevalence while Toro (prevalence=2.7%) and Kigezi (prevalence=2.0%) registered the lowest prevalence. The national annual prevalence of wasting among PLW declined by 31% from 2015-2018 (OR=0.69, p<0.001). Regions in the north had increasing trends of wasting over the period [Lango (OR=1.6, p<0.001) and Acholi (OR=1.2, p<0.001)], as did regions in the east [(Bugisu (OR=3.4, p<0.001), Bukedi (OR=1.4, p<0.001), and Busoga (OR=1.3, p<0.001)]. The other 11 regions showed declines.Conclusion: The trend of wasting among PLW nationally declined during the study period. Lango and Acholi regions, both of which were experiencing a state of emergency during this period, had both high and rising rates of wasting, as did the Karamoja region, which experienced the highest wasting rates. We recommended that the Ministry of Health increases its focus on nutrition monitoring for PLW and conduct an analysis to clearly identify the factors underlying malnutrition specific for PLW in these regions.
Signs of ultra-high-energy electrons emission with energy up to 105 times of beam energy are detected at downstream of the RF cavity of storage ring
Authors: Qian Dapeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In a new version of special relativity that absorbed the uncertainty principle, the Einstein-Lorentz mass formula proved to be a special case of a more universal equation. The new equation indicates that there is a “high speed but low mass” weak effect in particle motion, which will cause the generation of abnormal ultra-high energy electrons with a small probability when an electron beam passes through an accelerating electric field. The author used the method of long-times accumulation detection to test it on the BEPCII, which results show that there is indeed emission of abnormal electrons with energy up to 105 times of the beam energy at the downstream of the RF cavity of the electron storage ring. Therefor, it is suggested to use the detector with an online real-time display function, such as the “Shashlyk calorimeter”, to detect the single event of ultra-high energy electron, so to fully verify this previously unknown phenomenon and further discover new physics.
A Time-Trend Survival Analysis of Elderly Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Patients
Authors: Jing Rui , Shang Yuru , Li Bing , Bai Xiaodong , Shao Guangrui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The time-trend in the survival of elderly pancreatic cancer patients was still unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the survival benefit of young and elderly pancreatic cancer patients by a time-trend analysis. Methods: From 2004-2013, we obtained 5,341 of young patients (< 80 years) and 569 elderly patients (≥ 80 years) from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, and the overall survival of these patients were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier estimator. The independent factors which could predict the survival of patients were determined by cox proportional hazards model.Results: We observed that the median overall survival of the young patients in 2004-2008 cohort was significantly (P < 0.001) increased when compared to that in the 2009-2013 cohort. However, we did not observe the survival benefit for the elderly patients. The Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that the tumor size, lymph node ratio, grade, and AJCC TNM stage were independent factors of survival. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that compared to 2004-2008, the survival of elderly patients in 2009-2013 was not significantly improved. Thus, the clinicians still need to administer more care to elderly patients.
Development of new tools to study lipidated mammalian ATG8
Authors: Park Sang-Won , Jeon Pureum , Yamasaki Akinori , Lee Hye Eun , Mun Ji Young , Jun Yong-Woo , Park Ju-Hui , Lee Seung-Hwan , Lee Soo-Kyeong , Song Hyun Kyu , Lee You-Kyung , Lazarou Michael , Cho Dong-Hyung , Komatsu Masaaki , Noda Nobuo , Jang Deok-Jin , Lee Jin-A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mammals conserve multiple mammalian ATG8 proteins (mATG8s) consisting of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3 (LC3) subfamilies that tightly bind to the autophagic membranes in a lipidated form. They are crucial in selective autophagy and recruit proteins bearing LC3-interacting region (LIR) motifs. However, because limited research tools are available, information about the specific roles of each lipidated mATG8 in selective autophagy is scarce. Here, we identified LIR motifs specific to the lipidated form of each mATG8 and characterized the residues critical for their selective interaction using cell-based assays and structural analyses. Then, we used these selective LIR motifs to develop probes and irreversible deconjugases that targeted selective lipidated mATG8s in the autophagic membrane, revealing that lipidated GABARAP subfamily proteins regulate aggrephagy of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked protein aggregates. Our tools will be useful in elucidating the functional significance of each mATG8 protein in autophagy research.
Camel and Small Ruminant Based Pastoralism in Ethiopia: Recent Trends and Future Prospects
Authors: Teklegiorgis Shewakena , Yirga Fikadu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In Ethiopia, camel and shoat production are common pastoralism practices in three major pastoralist regions of Afar, Somali, and Borena. This review was aimed to indicate the recent trend and future prospect of camel and small ruminant production and the possible modifiers and the pros and cons of the practices in the pastoral area of Ethiopia. The data was collected from different researches conducted each year. The data was also organized in terms of the number of camel and shoat per household each year (2010-2020) and analyzed using trend and forecasting analysis model by SPSS software. There has been an increment of camel Tropical Livestock Unit (TLU) per household from 2.78, 13 and 9 to 37, 28, and 28 between the years 2010-2020 in Borena, Afar and Somali respectively and will increase to 45, 45, and 35 by 2030, respectively. In the whole pastoralist regions, the number of camels TLU per household has increased from 2.8 to 31 between the years 2010-2020 and will increase to 50 TLU per household by 2030. Moreover, the number of goats and sheep has increased from 1.4 and 0.91 TLU per household to 2.45 and 2.46, respectively between the years 2010-2020 and the predicted model indicates that it will increase to 2 and 3.4 TLU per household by 2030. Climate change, drought and adaptation responses were the major drivers. Climate change coping and livelihood income improvements were the pros of the trend, while the reduction of cattle population and impact on the conservation of valuable indigenous cattle were the cons of the practice.
Risk-targeted Maps for Spain
Authors: Kharazian Alireza , Molina Sergio , Galiana-Merino Juan Jose , Agea-Medina Noelia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that the design of structures in the region through the uniform hazard principle does not guarantee the uniform collapse risk. Even in those regions with similar PGAs corresponding to the same mean return period, the seismic risk in terms of failure probability will be significantly different due to the structural capacity uncertainty. In this paper, the newly introduced method, known as risk targeting, is being explored in Spain using the recently updated seismic hazard map. Since risk targeting involves multiple input parameters such as model parameters of fragility curves, their variability is considered through their probability distribution corresponding to the RC moment frame building, which is the most common typology in Spain. The influence of variation of these parameters on the risk results are investigated and different assumptions for estimating the model parameters of fragility curves are illustrated. These assumptions are included in a fixed fragility curve (generic) or building-site-specific fragility curves. Different acceptable risk levels (i.e., collapse and yielding) were considered concerning the Spain seismicity level. Finally, the maps for risk-targeted design ground motion and risk coefficient are presented. It was outlined since the shape of the hazard curve across Spain is different and considering the uncertainty of structural capacity; the employment of risk-targeted analysis led to the modifications for existing design ground motions. Moreover, it was found that using the building- and site-specific fragility curves could provide better results.
The Effects of Self-Management Interventions on Depressive Symptoms In Adults With Chronic Physical Disease(S) Experiencing Depressive Symptomatology: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: Brahim Lydia Ould , Lambert Sylvie , Feeley Nancy , Coumoundouros Chelsea , Schaffler Jamie , McCusker Jane , Moodie Erica , Kayser John , Kolne Kendall , Belzile Eric , Genest Christine 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. It is estimated that 20% of adults with chronic physical diseases experience concomitant depression, increasing their risk of morbidity and mortality. Low intensity psychosocial interventions, such as self-management (SM), are part of recommended treatment; however, no systematic review has evaluated the effects of depression SM interventions for this population. Objectives: The primary objective was to examine the effect of SM interventions on reducing depressive symptomatology in adults with chronic disease(s) and co-occurring depressive symptoms. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the effect of these interventions on improving other psychosocial and physiological outcomes (e.g., anxiety, glycemic control) and to assess potential differential effect based on key participant and intervention characteristics (e.g., chronic disease, provider). Methods: Studies comparing depression SM interventions to a control group were identified through a) systematic searches of databases to June 2018 [MEDLINE (1946 -), EMBASE (1996 -), PsycINFO (1967 -), CINAHL (1984 -)] and b) secondary ‘snowball’ search strategies. The methodological quality of included studies was critically reviewed. Screening of all titles, abstracts, and full texts for eligibility was assessed independently by two authors. Data were extracted by one author and verified by a second. Results: Fifteen studies were retained: 12 for meta-analysis and three for descriptive review. In total, these trials included 2064 participants and most commonly evaluated interventions for people with cancer (n = 7) or diabetes (n = 4). From baseline to < 6 months (T1), the pooled mean effect size was -0.47 [95% CI -0.73, -0.21] as compared to control groups for the primary outcome of depression and -0.53 [95% CI -0.91, -0.15] at ≥ 6-months (T2). Results were also significant for anxiety (T1 and T2) and glycemic control (T2). SM skills of decision-making and taking action were significant moderators of depression at T1. Conclusion: SM interventions show promise in improving depression and anxiety in those with concomitant chronic physical disease. The findings may contribute to the development of future SM interventions and delivering evidence-based care to this population. Further high-quality RCTs are needed to identify sources of heterogeneity and investigate key intervention components. Prospero registration: CRD42019132215
Long-Term Follow-up Results of Fluorescence and Blue Dye Guided Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Chaobin , Tong Fuzhong , Cao Yingming , Liu Peng , Zhou Bo , Liu Hongjun , Cheng Lin , Liu Miao , Guo Jiajia , Xie Fei , Yang Houpu , Wang Siyuan , Wang Shu , Peng Yuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the value of the combination of indocyanine green (ICG) and methylene blue (MB) dye in early breast cancer patients undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB).Methods Between January 2011 and December 2015, 1061 early breast cancer patients underwent SLNB were included. SLNB was performed for enrolled patients by injection of both ICG and MB. Detection rate, positivity, and number of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by ICG and MB were analysed. Axillary recurrence and arm lymphedema at 5.6 years follow-up were reported.Results The combination of ICG and MB resulted in a very high detection rate of 99.6%, the median number of sentinel lymph nodes was 3. A total of 374 histologically confirmed positive SLNs were detected in 237 patients, 96.6% of the positive patients and 94.1% of the positive nodes could be identified by the combination of ICG and MB. After a median follow-up of 5.6 (2 to 9.3) years, 0.64% of patients with negative SLNs had ipsilateral axillary recurrence, and the incidence of arm lymphedema was 2.1%. Conclusions Although the missing isotope control weakens the interpretation of the findings, the dual tracing modality of ICG and MB, without involvement of radioactive isotopes, was an effective method for SLNB in patients with early breast cancer.
A Comparative Study of Hemispherical Solar Stills With Various Modifications to&nbsp;Obtain Modified and Inexpensive Stills Models&nbsp;
Authors: Attia Mohammed El Hadi , kabeel abd elnaby , Abdelgaied Mohamed , Abdelaziz Gamal B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study is intended to comparative and analyze the operational performances of the conventional hemispherical solar still (CHSS), hemispherical solar still with glass cover cooling (HSS-C), and hemispherical solar still with CuO-water based nanofluid (HSS-N). To Obtain the best modifications that achieve the highest productivity with the lower inexpensive. The conventional hemispherical still (CHSS) was utilized as the reference case to investigate the best modification. In the first modification, CuO nanoparticles with three different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%) were added to the basin water, to increase the intensity of absorbed solar energy, improve the thermal properties of basin fluid, and then increase the rate of vapor generation inside the distillation basin. In the second modification, water film glass cooling technology with three different flow rates (1.5, 2, and 2.5 L/h) was utilized to increase the water vapor condensation rate. The experiments test of the three distillers (CHSS, HSS-N, and HSS-C) was conducted at the same weather conditions at 1 cm basin fluid depth. The average daily accumulative yield of CHSS is 3.85 L/m2/day, while the daily accumulative yield of HSS-N increases to 5.75, 6.40, and 6.80 L/m2/day with improvement 49.3, 66.2, and 76.6% at volume fraction 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%, respectively. Also, the daily accumulative yield of HSS-C increases to 4.9, 5.35, and 5.7 L/m2/day with improvements of 27.3, 39, and 48% at water film flow rates of 1.5, 2, and 2.5 L/h, respectively. The cost of distilled water produced from CHSS is 0.0106 $/L, while the utilization of HSS-C (2.5 L/h) and HSS-N (0.3%) reduces the cost of distilled water to 0.0072 and 0.0066 $/L, respectively. Based on accumulative yield and economic analyzes, it is recommended that utilized the modified HSS-N (0.3% volume fraction) to achieving the highest accumulative yield and the lowest price of the produced distilled water.