bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A COVID-19 Lockdown Tabletop Exercise in New Taipei City, Taiwan
Authors: Lo I-Tien , Lin Ching-Yuan , Cheng Ming-Tai 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectives:This exercise aimed to validate New Taipei City’s strategic plan for a city lockdown in response to coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The main goal of all solutions was the principle of “reducing citizen activity and strengthening government control.”Methods:We created a suitable exercise, creating 15 hypothetical situations for 3 stages. All participating units designed and proposed policy plans and execution protocols according to each situation.Results:In the course of the exercise, many existing policies and execution protocols were validated. These addressed (1) situations occurring in Stage 1, when the epidemic was spreading to the point of lockdown preparations; (2) approaches to curb the continued spread of the epidemic in Stage 2; and (3) returning to work after the epidemic was controlled and lockdown lifted in Stage 3. Twenty response units participated in the exercise. Although favorable outcomes were obtained, the evaluators provided comments suggesting further improvements.Conclusions:Our exercise demonstrated a successful example to help policy-making and revision in a large city of over 4 million people during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also enhanced participants’ subject knowledge and familiarity with the implementation of a city lockdown. For locations intending to go into lockdown, similar tabletop exercises are an effective verification option.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAPs) of Community Pharmacists Regarding COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey in 2 Provinces of Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Khayal , Saqlain Muhammad , Muhammad Gul , Hamdard Ataullah , Naveed Muhammad , Butt Muhammad Hammad , Khan Siraj , Ismael Najlaa Saadi , Khan Zakir , Karatas Yusuf 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharmacists being a part of the health care system have a vital role in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community pharmacists (CPs) regarding COVID-19.Method:An online survey was conducted among 393 CPs in 2 provinces of Pakistan during the lockdown period. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.745) was used for data collection. All statistical analyses were analyzed by using SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).Results:Among 393 participants, 71.5% (n = 281) had good knowledge, 44% (n = 175) had a positive attitude, and 57.3% (n = 225) had good practices regarding COVID-19. Social media (45.29%, n = 178) were reported as the main source to seek information of COVID-19. Good knowledge, age ≥ 26 years, and a PhD degree level were the substantial determinants (P= < 0.05) of a good attitude. Similarly, a CP with experience of > 5 years, a PhD degree, good knowledge, and a good attitude has higher odds of having good practices as compared with reference categories (P= < 0.05).Conclusion:In short, a majority of the CPs had good knowledge but had a poor attitude and practice toward the management of COVID-19. Standard-structured educational and counseling programs for CPs regarding COVID-19 are needed for effective management.
Intraregional propagation of Covid-19 cases in Pará, Brazil: assessment of isolation regime to lockdown
Authors: Lélis da Silva Félix , Dias Pita Javier , Gomes Maryjane Diniz A. , Lélis da Silva Andréa P. , da Silva Gabriel Lélis P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to the high incidence of COVID-19 case numbers internationally, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a Public Health Emergency of global relevance, advising countries to follow protocols to combat pandemic advance through actions that can reduce spread and consequently avoid a collapse in the local health system. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of the evolution of new community cases, and mortality records of COVID-19 in the State of Pará, which has a subtropical climate with temperatures between 20 and 35 °C, after the implementation of social distancing by quarantine and adoption of lockdown. The follow-up was carried out by the daily data from the technical bulletins provided by the State of Pará Public Health Secretary (SESPA). On 18 March 2020, Pará notified the first case of COVID-19. After 7 weeks, the number of confirmed cases reached 4756 with 375 deaths. The results show it took 49 days for 81% of the 144 states municipalities, distributed over an area of approximately 1 248 000 km2 to register COVID-19 cases. Temperature variations between 24.5 and 33.1 °C did not promote the decline in the new infections curve. The association between social isolation, quarantine and lockdown as an action to contain the infection was effective in reducing the region's new cases registration of COVID-19 in the short-term. However, short periods of lockdown may have promoted the virus spread among peripheral municipalities of the capital, as well as to inland regions.
A Deep Learning Approach to Radar‐Based QPE
Authors: Yo Ting‐Shuo , Su Shih‐Hao , Chu Jung‐Lien , Chang Chiao‐Wei , Kuo Hung‐Chi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this study, we propose a volume‐to‐point framework for quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) based on the Quantitative Precipitation Estimation and Segregation Using Multiple Sensor (QPESUMS) Mosaic Radar data set. With a data volume consisting of the time series of gridded radar reflectivities over the Taiwan area, we used machine learning algorithms to establish a statistical model for QPE in weather stations. The model extracts spatial and temporal features from the input data volume and then associates these features with the location‐specific precipitations. In contrast to QPE methods based on the Z–R relation, we leverage the machine learning algorithms to automatically detect the evolution and movement of weather systems and associate these patterns to a location with specific topographic attributes. Specifically, we evaluated this framework with the hourly precipitation data of 45 weather stations in Taipei during 2013–2016. In comparison to the operational QPE scheme used by the Central Weather Bureau, the volume‐to‐point framework performed comparably well in general cases and excelled in detecting heavy‐rainfall events. By using the current results as the reference benchmark, the proposed method can integrate the heterogeneous data sources and potentially improve the forecast in extreme precipitation scenarios.
Impact of pretreatment on RO membrane organic fouling: composition and adhesion of tertiary wastewater effluent organic matter
Authors: Siebdrath Nadine , Skibinski Bertram , Abraham Shiju , Bernstein Roy , Berger Robert , Stein Noa , Kaufman Yair , Lerch André , Herzberg Moshe 
Published: February 2021

Organic fouling in RO desalination of tertiary wastewater is of major concern in the decline in membrane performance.
Not All Procedural Learning Tasks Are Difficult for Adults With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Gerken LouAnn , Plante Elena , Goffman Lisa 
Published: February 2021

Purpose

The experiment reported here compared two hypotheses for the poor statistical and artificial grammar learning often seen in children and adults with developmental language disorder (DLD; also known as specific language impairment). The
procedural learning deficit hypothesis
states that implicit learning of rule-based input is impaired, whereas the
sequential pattern learning deficit hypothesis
states that poor performance is only seen when learners must implicitly compute sequential dependencies. The current experiment tested learning of an artificial grammar that could be learned via feature activation, as observed in an associatively organized lexicon, without computing sequential dependencies and should therefore be learnable on the sequential pattern learning deficit hypothesis, but not on the procedural learning deficit hypothesis.

Method
Adults with DLD and adults with typical language development (TD) listened to consonant–vowel–consonant–vowel familiarization words from one of two artificial phonological grammars: Family Resemblance (two out of three features) and a control (exclusive OR, in which both consonants are voiced OR both consonants are voiceless) grammar in which no learning was predicted for either group. At test, all participants rated 32 test words as to whether or not they conformed to the pattern in the familiarization words.

Results
Adults with DLD and adults with TD showed equal and robust learning of the Family Resemblance grammar, accepting significantly more conforming than nonconforming test items. Both groups who were familiarized with the Family Resemblance grammar also outperformed those who were familiarized with the OR grammar, which, as predicted, was learned by neither group.

Conclusion
Although adults and children with DLD often underperform, compared to their peers with TD, on statistical and artificial grammar learning tasks, poor performance appears to be tied to the implicit computation of sequential dependencies, as predicted by the sequential pattern learning deficit hypothesis.
Fault recognition method of smart grid data acquisition system based on FNN and sequential DS fusion
Authors: Qiao Hanzhe , Ge Quanbo , Jiang Haoyu , Li Ziyi , You Zilong , Zhang Jianmin , Bi Fengjuan , Yu Chunlei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIt is of significant practical importance to ensure the operational safety of the smart grid, which requires real‐time fault diagnosis and identifying what causes it based on an enormous amount of data. This article further studies the intelligent fault‐identification method based on the combination of multi‐machine learning methods on the bases of researching on Fault Diagnosis of Smart Grid Data Acquisition System. Firstly, we should apply statistical analysis and feature extraction for fault data. Then, we can use fuzzy neural network (FNN) to calculate the probability of fault prediction of power distribution stations, manufacturers and operation businesses, and use the membership function to calculate the corresponding fault membership and uncertainty. Secondly, it makes use of Dempster/Shafer (DS) evidence sequential fusion method to realize fault membership fusion, and gives the corresponding decision criteria for failure causes. Thirdly, a fault‐identification method of smart grid data‐acquisition system is established based on FNN and DS Evidence Fusion. Finally, the experimental results based on the actual operation data of smart grid show that the new method has a very good application effect at fault cause identification.
Going deeper: magnification‐invariant approach for breast cancer classification using histopathological images
Authors: Alkassar S. , Jebur Bilal A. , Abdullah Mohammed A. M. , Al‐Khalidy Joanna H. , Chambers J. A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBreast cancer has the highest fatality for women compared with other types of cancer. Generally, early diagnosis of cancer is crucial to increase the chances of successful treatment. Early diagnosis is possible through physical examination, screening, and obtaining a biopsy of the dubious area. In essence, utilizing histopathology slides of biopsies is more efficient than using typical screening methods. Nevertheless, the diagnosing process is still tiresome and is prone to human error during slide preparation, such as when dyeing and imaging. Therefore, a novel method is proposed for diagnosing breast cancer into benign or malignant in a magnification‐specific binary (MSB) classification. Besides, the introduced method classifies each type into four subclasses in a magnification‐specific multi‐category (MSM) fashion. The proposed method involves normalizing the hematoxylin and eosin stains to enhance colour separation and contrast. Then, two types of novel features—deep and shallow features—are extracted using two deep structure networks based on DenseNet and Xception. Finally, a multi‐classifier method based on the maximum value is utilized to achieve the best performance. The proposed method is evaluated using the BreakHis histopathology data set, and the results in terms of diagnostic accuracy are promising, achieving 99% and 92% in terms of MSB and MSM, respectively, compared with recent state‐of‐the‐art methods reported in the survey conducted by Benhammou on the BreakHis data set using deep learning and texture‐based models.
Possible single-armed spiral in the protoplanetary disk around HD 34282
Authors: de Boer J. , Ginski C. , Chauvin G. , Ménard F. , Benisty M. , Dominik C. , Maaskant K. , Girard J. H. , van der Plas G. , Garufi A. , Perrot C. , Stolker T. , Avenhaus H. , Bohn A. , Delboulbé A. , Jaquet M. , Buey T. , Möller-Nilsson O. , Pragt J. , Fusco T. 
Published: February 2021

Context. During the evolution of protoplanetary disks into planetary systems we expect to detect signatures that trace mechanisms such as planet–disk interaction. Protoplanetary disks display a large variety of structures in recently published high-spatial resolution images. However, the three-dimensional morphology of these disks is often difficult to infer from the two-dimensional projected images we observe.
Aims. We aim to detect signatures of planet–disk interaction by studying the scattering surface of the protoplanetary disk around HD 34282.
Methods. We spatially resolved the disk using the high-contrast imager VLT/SPHERE in polarimetric imaging mode. We retrieved a profile for the height of the scattering surface to create a height-corrected deprojection, which simulates a face-on orientation.
Results. The detected disk displays a complex scattering surface. An inner clearing or cavity extending up to r < 0.′′28 (88 au) is surrounded by a bright inclined (i = 56°) ring with a position angle of 119°. The center of this ring is offset from the star along the minor axis with 0.′′07, which can be explained with a disk height of 26 au above the midplane. Outside this ring, beyond its southeastern ansa we detect an azimuthal asymmetry or blob at r ~ 0.′′4. At larger separation, we detect an outer disk structure that can be fitted with an ellipse, which is compatible with a circular ring seen at r = 0.′′62 (=190 au) and a height of 77 au. After applying a height-corrected deprojection we see a circular ring centered on the star at 88 au; what had seemed to be a separate blob and outer ring could now both be part of a single-armed spiral.
Conclusions. We present the first scattered-light image of the disk around HD 34282 and resolve a disk with an inner cavity up to r ≈ 90 au and a highly structured scattering surface of an inclined disk at a large height Hscat∕r = 0.′′29 above the midplane at the inner edge of the outer disk. Based on the current data it is not possible to conclude decisively whether Hscat∕r remains constant or whether the surface is flared with at most Hscat ∝ r1.35, although we favor the constant ratio based on our deprojections. The height-corrected deprojection allows for a more detailed interpretation of the observed structures, from which we discern the first detection of a single-armed spiral in a protoplanetary disk.
Design and Modelling of Technologies for Upgrading and Direct Methanation of biogas: energy analysis and economic assessment
Authors: Perna Alessandra , Minutillo Mariagiovanna , Sorce Alessandro 
Published: February 2021

The exploitation of the biomethane as transport fuel is receiving increasing attention in many European countries. Technologies and processes for improving the Biogas-to-biomethane production with a lower energy consumption and lower costs are objective of several techno-economic studies.
In this paper two promising concepts for the biogas conversion are proposed and analyzed considering both technical and economic issues. The analysis regards the biogas upgrading by means of the chemical absorption with Hot Potassium Carbonate and the direct methanation of biogas by adding renewable hydrogen. In order to assess the feasibility of these technologies the numerical modelling has been applied for the plants designing. The energy results have then been used to assess the expected biomethane production price and a sensitivity analysis on the main parameters has been performed. Finally, economic performance of the options proposed will be evaluated under different market conditions.
Les données de santé en France
Authors: Zins Marie , Cuggia Marc , Goldberg Marcel 
Published: February 2021

Alors que l’application de traçage des contacts (contact tracing)StopCovid(transformée à la mi-octobre 2020 enTousAntiCovid), débattue au Parlement en raison des inquiétudes qu’elle suscitait concernant la confidentialité des données personnelles et les libertés individuelles du fait qu’elle permet d’alerter un utilisateur s’il s’est trouvé à proximité d’une personne atteinte de la COVID-19, a été adoptée par près de 12 millions de personnes, un dispositif concernant les données individuelles de santé, aux conséquences potentiellement beaucoup plus importantes pour les citoyens et leurs données personnelles, a commencé à se mettre en place suite à la Loi du 24 juillet 2019 (Loi n° 2019-774) relative à l’organisation et à la transformation du système de santé : laplateforme des données de santé, communément appeléeHealth Data Hub, constituée sous la forme d’un groupement d’intérêt public (GIP). Il ne s’agit plus de simplement signaler qu’on a croisé une personne anonyme infectée par le SARS-Cov-2, mais de réunir, dans une infrastructure informatique unique, un immense ensemble de données personnelles particulièrement sensibles concernant la totalité de la population française. Ce projet suscite désormais un certain intérêt médiatique et un début d’inquiétude. Mais cette inquiétude ne concerne presque uniquement que le fait que ces données sont déposées et gérées dans uncloudappartenant à une société américaine, un nuage informatique qui tombe sous le coup de la loi américaine de 2018 dite « CLOUD act », qui ouvre la possibilité d’un transfert des données personnelles vers les États-Unis, comme s’en est inquiété récemment le Conseil d’État. Cet aspect est certes très important, mais il masque également de très nombreux enjeux liés au partage des données de santé, et qui sont largement méconnus de la population. Nous nous proposons de rappeler, tout d’abord, ce que sont les données de santé, ce qu’elles apportent et la nécessité d’en faciliter le partage, mais aussi les difficultés rencontrées pour leur accès et leur utilisation. Nous expliquerons ensuite, dans un deuxième article, en quoi cetteplateforme des données de santé, telle qu’elle est conçue et pilotée par les pouvoirs publics pour répondre à ces difficultés et pour promouvoir l’intelligence artificielle en santé, est un projet qui soulève de fortes inquiétudes pour les citoyens et la société dans son ensemble. Même si les problèmes posés se présentent sous une forme différente selon les pays, notre propos concernera spécifiquement la situation en France.
Subcutaneous seeding following surgical excision of an intracranial meningioma in a cat
Authors: Deutschland Martin , Hoppe Judith , Gruber Achim D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTraditionally patient owners express their concerns that surgical or diagnostic procedures on a tumor may induce metastasis. In pets, this has been documented in only very rare occasions, e. g. needle path metastases after diagnostic fine needle biopsies of urinary bladder or prostatic tumors. Here, we describe a case of subcutaneous seeding of a feline intracranial grade 1 meningioma 6 months after surgical resection. A 10-year-old male neutered domestic shorthaired cat with typical neurological signs was diagnosed with an extra-axial contrast enhancing mass in the dorsal frontotemporal lobes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Transfronto-parietal bone craniotomy was performed and the 24 × 19 × 22 mm large tumor was largely removed. Tumor recurrence after 12 months resulted in a second surgical tumor removal. In addition, 2 subcutaneous masses of 10 × 4 × 4 mm in size were removed at the site of the original surgical site which were fully separated from the recurring meningeal tumor by the intact frontal bone. Histology and immunohistochemistry suggested the same tumor growth in all 4 masses. Most likely the tumor seeding had been caused during the first surgery. After all, the risk of surgical seeding of a benign tumor seems very low.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants after Ischemic Stroke: Which Patient? Which Drug? And How Early?
Authors: De Marchis Gian Marco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are recommended over vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic stroke. The main advantage of DOAC over VKA is the lower rate of bleeding and mortality. This review covers challenges clinicians can encounter when treating patients with AF and ischemic stroke, including timing of DOAC start and ongoing randomized clinical trials, appropriate dosing, and available comparative evidence across DOACs. For patients without AF but with an ischemic stroke, the review outlines the role of DOACs. Finally, the risk of thrombotic events associated with specific DOAC reversal agents and DOAC pausing is reviewed.
Functional Roles of the von Willebrand Factor Propeptide
Authors: Rawley Orla , Lillicrap David 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe primary polypeptide sequence of von Willebrand factor (VWF) includes an N-terminal 741-amino acid VWF propeptide (VWFpp). In cells expressing VWF, the VWFpp performs two critical functions. In the Golgi, VWFpp mediates the intermolecular disulfide linkages that generate high-molecular-weight VWF multimers. Subsequently, the VWFpp, which is proteolytically cleaved from mature VWF by furin, functions to generate the endothelial storage organelles (Weibel-Palade bodies) in which VWF and a distinct collection of proteins are stored, and from where they undergo regulated secretion from the endothelium. The VWFpp is secreted from endothelial cells as dimers and circulates in plasma with at least some of the dimers associating with a noncovalent manner with the D′D3 domain of mature VWF. The VWFpp has a half-life of 2 to 3 hours in plasma, but to date no extracellular function has been determined for the molecule. Nevertheless, its large size and several biologically interesting structural features (two sets of vicinal cysteines and an RGD sequence) suggest that there may be roles that the VWFpp plays in hemostasis or associated physiological processes such as angiogenesis or wound repair.