bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Queue‐Ordered Layered Mn‐Based Oxides with Al Substitution as High‐Rate and High‐Stabilized Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ma Zelin , Zhao Zeqin , Xu Hanxue , Sun Jie , He Xuexia , Lei Zhibin , Liu Zong‐huai , Jiang Ruibin , Li Qi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDevelopment of highly stabilized and reversible cathode materials has become a great challenge for sodium‐ion batteries. O′3‐type layered Mn‐based oxides have deserved much attention as one of largely reversible‐capacity cathodes featured by the resource‐rich and low‐toxic elements. However, the fragile slabs structure of typical layered oxides, low Mn‐ion migration barriers, and Jahn–Teller distortion of Mn3+ have easily resulted in the severe degradation of cyclability and rate performances. Herein, a new queue‐ordered superstructure is built up in the O′3‐NaMn0.6Al0.4O2 cathode material. Through the light‐metal Al substitution in O′3‐NaMnO2, the MnO6 and AlO6 octahedrons display the queue‐ordered arrangements in the transition metal (TM) slabs. Interestingly, the presence of this superstructure can strengthen the layered structure, reduce the influence from Jahn–Teller effect, and suppress the TM‐ions migrations during long‐terms cycles. These characteristics results in O′3‐NaMn0.6Al0.4O2 cathode deliver a high capacity of 160 mAh g−1, an enhanced rate capability and the excellent cycling performance. This research strategy can provide the broaden insight for future electrode materials with high‐performance sodium‐ions storage.
Low Band Gap Benzoxazole‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photo‐Enhanced Targeted Uranium Recovery
Authors: Cui Wei‐Rong , Zhang Cheng‐Rong , Xu Rui‐Han , Chen Xiao‐Rong , Yan Run‐Han , Jiang Wei , Liang Ru‐Ping , Qiu Jian‐Ding 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe inherent features of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) make them highly attractive for uranium recovery applications. A key aspect yet to be explored is how to improve the selectivity and efficiency of COFs for recovering uranium from seawater. To achieve this goal, a series of robust and hydrophilic benzoxazole‐based COFs is developed (denoted as Tp‐DBD, Bd‐DBD, and Hb‐DBD) as efficient adsorbents for photo‐enhanced targeted uranium recovery. Benefiting from the hydroxyl groups and the formation of benzoxazole rings, the hydrophilic Tp‐DBD shows outstanding stability and chemical reduction properties. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the hydroxyl groups and the benzoxazole rings in the π‐conjugated frameworks significantly decrease the optical band gap, and improve the affinity and capacity to uranium recovery. In seawater, the adsorption capacity of uranium is 19.2× that of vanadium, a main interfering metal in uranium extraction.
Cartilage endplate stem cells inhibit intervertebral disc degeneration by releasing exosomes to nucleus pulposus cells to activate Akt/autophagy
Authors: Luo Liwen , Jian Xiuying , Sun Hui , Qin Jinghao , Wang Yanqiu , Zhang Ji , Shen Zigang , Yang Di , Li Changqing , Zhao Ping , Liu MingHan , Tian Zhiqiang , Zhou Yue 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDegeneration of the cartilage endplate (CEP) induces intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) apoptosis is also an important exacerbating factor in IVDD, but the cascade mechanism in IVDD is not clear. We investigated the apoptosis of NPCs and IVDD when stimulated by normal cartilage endplate stem cell (CESC)-derived exosomes (N-Exos) and degenerated CESC-derived exosomes (D-Exos) in vitro and in vivo. Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was used to induce inflammation of CESCs. The bioinformatics differences between N-Exos and D-Exos were analyzed using mass spectrometry, heat map, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. NPC apoptosis was examined using TUNEL staining. The involvement of the AKT and autophagy signaling pathways was investigated using the signaling inhibitor LY294002. Magnetic resonance imaging, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of N-Exos in rats with IVDD. TBHP effectively induced inflammation and the degeneration of CEP in rat. N-Exos were more conducive to autophagy activation than D-Exos. The apoptotic rate of NPCs decreased obviously after treatment with N-Exos compared to D-Exos. N-Exos inhibited NPCs apoptosis and attenuated IVDD in rat via activation of the AKT and autophagy pathways. These results are the first findings to confirm that CEP delayed the progression of IVDD via exosomes. The therapeutic effects of N-Exos on NPC apoptosis inhibition and the slowing of IVDD progression were more effective than D-Exos due to activation of the PI3K/AKT/autophagy pathway, which explained the increase in the incidence of IVDD after inflammation of the CEP.
The effect of equine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells on the expression of apoptotic genes in neutrophils
Authors: Salami Fatemeh , Ghodrati Mitra , Parham Abbas , Mehrzad Jalil 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs), as multipotent cells with self‐renewal and plastic‐adherent properties, have immunomodulatory effects on immune cells, including neutrophils. These cells are in close proximity in bone marrow (BM) sinusoids with non‐multiplicative immature neutrophils. BM‐MSCs exert their immunomodulatory effects on adjacent cells both directly (cell‐to‐cell contact) and indirectly (secretion of soluble factors).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of equine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) on the expression of some pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic genes (p53, survivin and Bcl2) in neutrophils co‐cultured with BM‐MSCs.MethodsFor this purpose, peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated and separately co‐cultured for 12 hr with both BM‐MSCs and the BM‐MSCs΄ supernatant. Four groups were included: neutrophils with only culture media (as control), neutrophils co‐cultured with BM‐MScs, neutrophils cultured with BM‐MSCs’ supernatant and neutrophils cultured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, as positive control). Then, the expression of mentioned genes (p53, survivin and Bcl2) was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).ResultsCompared with control neutrophils, in neutrophils co‐cultured with both BM‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs’ supernatant, the mRNA expression levels of p53, as pro‐apoptotic gene, and survivin and Bcl2, as anti‐apoptotic genes, were remarkably increased and decreased (p < .05), respectively.ConclusionsThese data revealed the notion that the direct contact of BM‐MSCs is not obligatory for their effects on the apoptotic status of neutrophils and they affect neutrophils via soluble secreted factors, which is promising for clinical implications in equine medicine.
Behind‐the‐meter energy storage in China: Lessons from California's approach
Authors: Shuai Xiaotong , Raufer Roger 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBehind‐the‐meter (BTM) energy storage creates benefits for a large number of stakeholders, enhancing system operation, and mitigating the increase in peak demand, as well as offering potential income from arbitraging peak/off‐peak electricity tariff differentials, mitigating demand charges, and other ancillary service sources. The United States and China are among the leaders in development of energy storage, but these two countries are at different stages in terms of the storage policy landscape. The US system of federalism enables state‐level policy reform, and California has been leading the country for more than a decade with policy instruments addressing BTM storage. These policy instruments include procurement targets, financial incentive plans, as well as regulatory adaptations. Under China's centralized pattern of energy governance, the deployment of new technology largely relies on signals from the national level. The first standalone national‐level policy for energy storage was released in 2017, but major market barriers remain. This review draws insights from the experience of California, whose partially deregulated power market is relevant for China's ongoing market reform. In order to investigate whether the country's current market environment provides adequate opportunities for investors, this review outlines an investment analysis assessing the economics of BTM storage in China with different revenue sources. Results show that traditional revenue sources for BTM storage, namely price arbitrage and demand charge reduction, are inadequate to recover costs for investors in China. The review thus proposes policy recommendations for regulators in China aiming to further promote the deployment of BTM energy storage.This article is categorized under:
Energy Infrastructure > Economics and Policy
Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Systems Economics > Economics and Policy
Multiple heavy metal removal simultaneously by a biomass‐based porous carbon
Authors: Tuomikoski Sari , Runtti Hanna , Romar Henrik , Lassi Ulla , Kangas Teija 
Published: January 2021

AbstractActivated carbon from sawdust was produced with an environmentally friendly process involving single‐stage carbonization and activation with steam at 800°C. Production process is scalable because lignocellulosic biomass is ubiquitous worldwide as a waste or as a virgin material. Single‐stage production without any cooling steps between carbonization and activation is easier in larger scale production. Monometal adsorption and multimetal adsorption of cobalt, nickel, and zinc were investigated by using the produced carbon, with a commercial one as control. Effect of pH, initial metal concentration, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time was evaluated in batch experiments. Multimetal experiments showed the order of the maximum adsorption capacities: zinc > nickel > cobalt. Experimental adsorption capacities were 17.2, 6.6, and 4.5 mg/g for zinc, nickel, and cobalt, respectively, in multisolute adsorption. In case of monometal adsorption, adsorption capacity was notably lower. Experimental data fitted into the single‐solute and multisolute Freundlich models. The best fit kinetic model varied among the metals. The Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion model was used. Regeneration was performed with 0.1 M HNO3, 0.1 M HCl, or 0.1 M H2SO4. The adsorption capacity remained at the same within three adsorption–desorption cycles.Practitioner points

Activated carbon was produced from sawdust with environmentally friendly process
Monometal adsorption and multimetal adsorption with heavy metals were studied
Best‐fitting models to the experimental data were single‐solute and multisolute Freundlich models
Regeneration could be performed with diluted acids
Worldwide available raw material successfully used as adsorbent for heavy metals
Climate Change Impact and Adaptation: Lagoonal Fishing Communities in West Africa
Authors: Davies-Vollum K. Sian , Raha Debadayita , Koomson Daniel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLagoons are a common feature of the low-lying West African coastline. These lagoons are resource-rich and biodiverse. The small-scale fishing communities, which border them, are dependent on the resources and ecosystem services for their livelihoods and well-being. Climate change has had significant and diverse effects on both the lagoons and their surrounding communities. Sea level rise has caused erosion of the coast and increased the risk of floods. Changes to rainfall patterns have caused shifts in lagoon ecosystems and physical cycles. Of particular relevance to lagoon fishing communities is the fluctuation in quantity and distribution of fish catch that they rely upon for economic livelihood. Understanding the vulnerability of these communities to the effects of climate change is critical to supporting and developing successful adaptations. Using a case study from Ghana, sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) and vulnerability framework are used to characterize the community vulnerability, giving insight into the temporal and spatial dynamics of vulnerability and how subsections of the community may be identified and prioritized for adaptation interventions. A scalar analysis of the relevant coastal and environmental frameworks and policy to support climate change adaptation in coastal communities reveals the common challenges in implementing adaptation interventions and strategies in the region. A policy gap exists between high level, institutional coastal, and climate directives and implementation of climate adaptations at the local level. That gap might be bridged by a participatory approach that places coastal communities at the center of creating and enacting climate change adaptations.
Federalism
Authors: Linder Wolf , Mueller Sean 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis chapter focuses on Swiss federalism. Federalism allows the division of power between one central and many regional governments and is therefore a widely used institutional arrangement in multicultural societies. But rather than just focusing on local and regional autonomy and differences, Swiss federalism also allows for collective participation and coming-together for the purpose of joint problem-solving. Federalism thus understood and practised has helped bridge the gap between different cultural communities. In difference to other countries, not so much competition and regional rivalries than rather solidarity and mutuality characterise Swiss federalism. Key expression of this solidarity is a sophisticated system of fiscal equalisation made up of both vertical (top-down) and horizontal (inter-cantonal) payments.
Switzerland in Europe and the World
Authors: Linder Wolf , Mueller Sean 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe final chapter looks at Switzerland in Europe and the world. The first section discusses the reasons why Switzerland is not a member of the EU. The second and third sections analyse the reasons and political consequences of Switzerland’s selective participation without membership and try to answer the question whether or not ‘bilateralism’ is a sustainable strategy for the Swiss preference: utmost economic integration and least political loss of national autonomy. The final section addresses the growing interest in the institutions of Swiss democracy from abroad, be it regarding decentralisation, direct democracy or political power-sharing. Instead of wanting to export democracy, the chapter proposes the ‘dialogue model’ as a discourse between equals. Through this approach, others can draw from the ‘Swiss experience’ as a base for autochthonal developments of their institutions. And the Swiss can be inspired, in turn.
Edge modes of gravity. Part III. Corner simplicity constraints
Authors: Freidel Laurent , Geiller Marc , Pranzetti Daniele 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the tetrad formulation of gravity, the so-called simplicity constraints play a central role. They appear in the Hamiltonian analysis of the theory, and in the Lagrangian path integral when constructing the gravity partition function from topological BF theory. We develop here a systematic analysis of the corner symplectic structure encoding the symmetry algebra of gravity, and perform a thorough analysis of the simplicity constraints. Starting from a precursor phase space with Poincaré and Heisenberg symmetry, we obtain the corner phase space of BF theory by imposing kinematical constraints. This amounts to fixing the Heisenberg frame with a choice of position and spin operators. The simplicity constraints then further reduce the Poincaré symmetry of the BF phase space to a Lorentz subalgebra. This picture provides a particle-like description of (quantum) geometry: the internal normal plays the role of the four-momentum, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter that of the mass, the flux that of a relativistic position, and the frame that of a spin harmonic oscillator. Moreover, we show that the corner area element corresponds to the Poincaré spin Casimir. We achieve this central result by properly splitting, in the continuum, the corner simplicity constraints into first and second class parts. We construct the complete set of Dirac observables, which includes the generators of the local $$ \mathfrak{sl}\left(2,\mathrm{\mathbb{C}}\right) $$
sl

2
ℂ

subalgebra of Poincaré, and the components of the tangential corner metric satisfying an $$ \mathfrak{sl}\left(2,\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}\right) $$
sl

2
ℝ

algebra. We then present a preliminary analysis of the covariant and continuous irreducible representations of the infinite-dimensional corner algebra. Moreover, as an alternative path to quantization, we also introduce a regularization of the corner algebra and interpret this discrete setting in terms of an extended notion of twisted geometries.
(Mis-)matching type-B anomalies on the Higgs branch
Authors: Niarchos V. , Papageorgakis C. , Pini A. , Pomoni E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Building on [1], we uncover new properties of type-B conformal anomalies for Coulomb-branch operators in continuous families of 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs. We study a large class of such anomalies on the Higgs branch, where conformal symmetry is spontaneously broken, and compare them with their counterpart in the CFT phase. In Lagrangian the- ories, the non-perturbative matching of the anomalies can be determined with a weak coupling Feynman diagram computation involving massive multi-loop banana integrals. We extract the part corresponding to the anomalies of interest. Our calculations support the general conjecture that the Coulomb-branch type-B conformal anomalies always match on the Higgs branch when the IR Coulomb-branch chiral ring is empty. In the opposite case, there are anomalies that do not match. An intriguing implication of the mismatch is the existence of a second covariantly constant metric on the conformal manifold (other than the Zamolodchikov metric), which imposes previously unknown restrictions on its holonomy group.
MACC1 regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis and receptor recycling of transferrin receptor and EGFR in colorectal cancer
Authors: Imbastari Francesca , Dahlmann Mathias , Sporbert Anje , Mattioli Camilla Ciolli , Mari Tommaso , Scholz Florian , Timm Lena , Twamley Shailey , Migotti Rebekka , Walther Wolfgang , Dittmar Gunnar , Rehm Armin , Stein Ulrike 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMetastasis Associated in Colon Cancer 1 (MACC1) is a novel prognostic, predictive and causal biomarker for tumor progression and metastasis in many cancer types, including colorectal cancer. Besides its clinical value, little is known about its molecular function. Its similarity to SH3BP4, involved in regulating uptake and recycling of transmembrane receptors, suggests a role of MACC1 in endocytosis. By exploring the MACC1 interactome, we identified the clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME)-associated proteins CLTC, DNM2 and AP-2 as MACC1 binding partners. We unveiled a MACC1-dependent routing of internalized transferrin receptor towards recycling. Elevated MACC1 expression caused also the activation and internalization of EGFR, a higher rate of receptor recycling, as well as earlier and stronger receptor activation and downstream signaling. These effects are limited by deletion of CME-related protein interaction sites in MACC1. Thus, MACC1 regulates CME and receptor recycling, causing increased growth factor-mediated downstream signaling and cell proliferation. This novel mechanism unveils potential therapeutic intervention points restricting MACC1-driven metastasis.
Risk of labour market marginalisation among young refugees and non-refugee migrants with common mental disorders
Authors: Di Thiene D. , Helgesson Magnus , Rahman S. , Alexanderson K. , Tiihonen J. , La Torre G. , Mittendorfer-Rutz E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Labour market marginalisation (LMM), i.e. long-term unemployment (LTU), long-term sickness absence (LTSA) and disability pension (DP), among young individuals with common mental disorders (CMDs) are a challenge for the welfare system, and refugees and non-refugee migrants seem particularly vulnerable. The aim was to investigate the risk of LMM in young adults with CMDs among refugees and non-refugee migrants compared to Swedish-born individuals and the role of country of birth, duration of residence and age at arrival.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted including young adults (19–30 years) with inpatient or specialised outpatient healthcare due to CMDs and/or antidepressant prescriptions during 2009 (N = 69,515). Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals for the risk of LMM during 2010–2013.

Results
Both refugees and non-refugee migrants had a higher risk of LTU compared to Swedish-born individuals (HR refugees: Africa: 2.4; Asia: 2.2; Europe outside EU25: 1.6; South America: 1.4) with highest estimates in refugees from Afghanistan and Syria. Refugees from Africa and Asia had a lower risk of LTSA compared to Swedish-born individuals (HR: 0.6 and 0.7, respectively), particularly refugees from Afghanistan and Iraq. Especially among refugees, a longer duration of residence and a younger age at arrival were associated with a lower risk of LTU.

Conclusions
The risk of LTU among refugees and non-refugee migrants was higher and the risk of LTSA was lower, compared to Swedish-born individuals. Duration of residence and age at arrival had an influence on the risk of LTU, particularly among refugees.
Martelella alba sp. nov., isolated from mangrove rhizosphere soil within the Beibu Gulf
Authors: Li Mi , Gao Chenghai , Feng Yuyao , Liu Kai , Cao Pei , Liu Yonghong , Yi Xiangxi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStrain BGMRC 2036T was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Bruguiear gymnorrhiza collected from the Beibu Gulf of China. Optimum growth occurred at 28 °C, pH 7.0, and under the conditions of 3–5% (w/v) NaCl. The phylogenetic comparisons of 16S rRNA gene sequences displayed that strain BGMRC 2036T was closely related to Martelella limonii NBRC109441T (96.6% sequence similarity), M. mediterranea CGMCC 1.12224T (96.5%), M. lutilitoris GH2-6T (96.5%), M. radicis BM5-7T (96.2%), and M. mangrove BM9-1T (95.9%), M. suaedae NBRC109440T (95.8%). The phylogenomic tree based on the up-to-date bacterial core gene set indicated that the strain BGMRC 2036T form a clade formed with members of the genera Martelella. The major polar lipids include phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphotidylinositol, two unidentified phospholipids, and three unidentified ninhydrin positive phospholipids. The major respiratory quinone is Q-10, which is similar to those of genera Martelella. The main cellular fatty acids are C18:1ω7c, C16:0, and C12:0 aldehyde. Genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 4.99 Mbp and a G + C content of 62.3 mol%. Pairwise comparison of the genomes of the new strain BGMRC 2036T and the three reference strains M. endophytica YC 6887T, M. mediterranea CGMCC 1.12224T, and M. mangrovi USBA-857 indicated that gANI value was lower than 81% and a digital DNA–DNA hybridization value was lower than 27%. The strain BGMRC 2036T possessed genes putatively encoding riboflavin synthesis and flavodoxin A polyphasic taxonomic study suggested that strain BGMRC 2036T represented a novel species belonging to the genus Martelella, and it was named Martelella alba sp. nov. The type strain is BGMRC 2036T (=KCTC 52121T =NBRC 111908T).