bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substantiality: A Construct Indicating Research Excellence to Measure University Research Performance
Authors: Shirabe Masashi , Koizumi Amane 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Purpose
The adequacy of research performance of universities or research institutes have often been evaluated and understood in two axes: “quantity” (i.e. size or volume) and “quality” (i.e. what we define here as a measure of excellence that is considered theoretically independent of size or volume, such as clarity in diamond grading). The purpose of this article is, however, to introduce a third construct named “substantiality” (“ATSUMI” in Japanese) of research performance and to demonstrate its importance in evaluating/understanding research universities.

Design/methodology/approach
We take a two-step approach to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed construct by showing that (1) some characteristics of research universities are not well captured by the conventional constructs (“quantity” and “quality”)-based indicators, and (2) the “substantiality” indicators can capture them. Furthermore, by suggesting that “substantiality” indicators appear linked to the reputation that appeared in university reputation rankings by simple statistical analysis, we reveal additional benefits of the construct.

Findings
We propose a new construct named “substantiality” for measuring research performance. We show that indicators based on “substantiality” can capture important characteristics of research institutes. “Substantiality” indicators demonstrate their “predictive powers” on research reputation.

Research limitations
The concept of “substantiality” originated from IGO game; therefore the ease/difficulty of accepting the concept is culturally dependent. In other words, while it is easily accepted by people from Japan and other East Asian countries and regions, it might be difficult for researchers from other cultural regions to accept it.

Practical implications
There is no simple solution to the challenge of evaluating research universities’ research performance. It is vital to combine different types of indicators to understand the excellence of research institutes. Substantiality indicators could be part of such a combination of indicators.

Originality/value
The authors propose a new construct named substantiality for measuring research performance. They show that indicators based on this construct can capture the important characteristics of research institutes.
Effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-masitinib mesylate on canine mammary tumour cell lines
Authors: Ustun-Alkan Fulya , Bakırel Tülay , Üstüner Oya , Anlas Ceren , Cinar Suzan , Yıldırım Funda , Gürel Aydın 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Masitinib mesylate, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the c-KIT receptor, is used for the treatment of mast cell tumours in dogs. Masitinib has previously been investigated in various cancers; however, its potential anticancer effect in canine mammary tumours (CMTs) is unknown. In the present paper, we investigated the antiproliferative effect of masitinib in CMT cells and its possible mechanisms of action.

Material and Methods
The effect of masitinib on the proliferation of CMT-U27 and CMT-U309 cells was assessed by MTT assay and DNA fragmentation. Flow cytometric analysis was used to measure the effect of masitinib on apoptosis and the cell cycle. Additionally, vascular endothelial growth factor levels (VEGF) were measured, and the proliferation marker Ki-67 was visualised in immunocytochemical stainings in CMT cells.

Results
Treatment with masitinib inhibited the proliferation of CMT cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Maximal apoptotic activity and DNA fragmentation were observed at approximately IC50 of masitinib in both cell lines. In addition, cell cycle distribution was altered and VEGF levels and Ki-67 proliferation indices were decreased in masitinib-treated cells in comparison with control cells.

Conclusion
In this study, masitinib suppressed cell proliferation concomitantly via induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by decreasing VEGF levels and the Ki-67 proliferation index in CMT-U27 and CMT-U309 cells in vitro, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic tool in the clinical setting of mammary cancer treatment in dogs.
Land development policy as related to real estate influenced by railway noise in the context of allowable indicators that have been recently modified in Poland
Authors: Podawca Konrad , Karsznia Krzysztof , Jewuła Kamil 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of rail noise pollution in cities in the context of legal amendments. This aspect is often neglected in the process of spatial planning. The authors were motivated to undertake this analysis both by legal changes permitting higher levels of acceptable noise thresholds, which were introduced and legalised in October 2012, and by the intensified levels of investment in areas neighbouring railways. On selected examples of residential areas in Warsaw, Poland (the city districts of Ursus, Białołęka and Ursynów), relevant land development sites were analysed against the course of isophones showing permissible noise levels. The analysis was based on data taken from acoustic maps for Warsaw from 2012 and 2017, planning studies, the Topographic Objects Database (BDOT10k) and the current state of land development. Using ArcGis software, 22 features, three study areas, and corresponding quantitative indicators were assessed. The authors presented the level of railway noise pollution set against the general spatial development. The analysis demonstrated that the changes in legislation have resulted in the “acoustic release” of land near railways; i.e., in these areas new, less-restrictive regulations on noise pollution have become permissible. In turn, the number of buildings that were considered at risk of noise pollution before 2012 has fallen.
The aforementioned regulatory changes may unfavourably impact residential areas neighbouring railways and this has even provoked a wider discussion at the European Union level.
Multivariate mapping for experienced users: comparing extrinsic and intrinsic maps with univariate maps
Authors: Korycka-Skorupa Jolanta , Gołębiowska Izabela 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Multivariate mapping is a technique in which multivariate data are encoded into a single map. A variety of design solutions for multivariate mapping refers to the number of phenomena mapped, the map type, and the visual variables applied. Unlike other authors who have mainly evaluated bivariate maps, in our empirical study we compared three solutions when mapping four variables: two types of multivariate maps (intrinsic and extrinsic) and a simple univariate alternative (serving as a baseline). We analysed usability performance metrics (answer time, answer accuracy, subjective rating of task difficulty) and eye-tracking data. The results suggested that experts used all the tested maps with similar results for answer time and accuracy, even when using four-variable intrinsic maps, which is considered to be a challenging solution. However, eye-tracking data provided more nuances in relation to the difference in cognitive effort evoked by the tested maps across task types.
Numerical study of coupled oscillator system using the classical Euler-Lagrange equations
Authors: Shanak H. , Khalilia H. , Jarrar R. , Asad J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Problems involving vibrations (mechanical or electrical) can be reduced to problems of coupled oscillators. For this, we consider the motion of coupled oscillators system using Lagrangian method. The Lagrangian of the system was initially constructed, and then the Euler-Lagrange equations (i.e., equations of motion of the system) have been obtained. The obtained equations of motion are a homogenous second-order equation. These equations were solved numerically using the ode45 code, which is based on Runge-Kutta method.
Dynamic properties of hybrid machine tool body – Theoretical and experimental investigation
Authors: Kepczak Norbert , Pawlowski Witold 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The article presents theoretical and experimental investigation in order to obtain dynamic properties of hybrid machine tool body in comparison with cast iron body. For this purpose, the theoretical and experimental modal analyses were carried out. The influence of the mineral cast material for filling voids on the dynamic properties of the machine tool body was discussed. During the analysis, the modes and frequencies of free vibrations, the amplitude values and the damping ratios were compared. Despite lowering the free vibration frequency of the hybrid construction, compared to the cast iron body, in some cases, the dynamic properties were affected. This could be determined on the basis of decreasing the amplitude value of the transfer function (from 12.16% to 58.66%) and the increasing the vibration damping coefficient ratio (from 12.22% to 75.24%) in the case of a hybrid body as compared to a cast iron body. The final conclusions were drawn about the application of mineral casts in the construction of machine tools and its impact on the dynamic properties of the structure.
Testing Device for Hydraulic Rope System Tensile Force Equalizing Unit
Authors: Hrabovský Leopold , Frydrýšek Karel 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Rope elevators, also referred to as traction elevators, have a cabin suspended from a system of ropes. The system of ropes consists of at least two load-bearing steel ropes with six strands or, from the point of view of easier bending, and currently more widespread, ropes with eight strands. Lifting or lowering of the car, run between the guides, is ensured by the frictional force of the steel ropes in the grooves of the traction disk of the elevator machinery. As the load-bearing capacity of the elevator increases, the required number of load-bearing ropes also increases, especially in the case where small diameter ropes are used in traction elevators. The actual weight of the car and the weight of the load must be evenly distributed among all supporting ropes that are used in the given layout of the elevator. Currently, several principles are known by which it is possible to detect and also change the values of the instantaneous magnitudes of the tensile forces acting in a system of ropes. The paper describes the principle of operation of hydraulic balancing of tensile forces in the system of supporting ropes, which uses the laws of hydromechanics and knowledge of pressure transfer to any place in the fluid, known as Pascal's law. Balancing of differently set values of tensile forces in three supporting ropes, to values of the same size, can be simulated on a test device. This presents the correct operation of the hydraulic system and the possibility of balancing tensile forces in the system of supporting ropes described by the principle of hydraulic device.
Analysis of Flame Propagation in Small Adiabatic Tubes Characterized by Different Degrees of the End Opening
Authors: Gutkowski Artur N. , Cebulski Zbigniew 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the present work, we study numerically freely propagating flame in the stoichiometric propane-air mixture. The adiabatic small tubes with one end fully open and the second one characterized by different degrees of opening are examined. The degree of opening of the tubes was equal to: 0% (completely closed), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (fully opened) of the tube cross-sectional area. Several mechanisms, such as thermal expansion of the burned gas that can leave the tube freely (fully opened left end of the tube), frictional forces and movement of the unburned mixture generated by a pressure gradient, occur simultaneously during flame propagation. As a result, a nearly-exponential dependence of flame propagation speed as a function of time is observed. For fully open right end (100%), normalized flame speed reaches about 75–80 at the end of the tubes. By partially closing the right end, this effect is delayed and reduced – for 25% of the opening normalized flame speed is about 20 for all tube diameters.
Characterization study of polyAMPS@BMA core-shell particles using two types of RAFT agents
Authors: Shah Nasrullah , Khan Zubair Ullah , Hussain Manzoor , Rehan Touseef , Khan Abbas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study and application of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization have been widely reported in the literature because of its high compatibility with numerous monomers, reaction conditions, and low polydispersity index. The effect of RAFT agents on the characteristics of the final product is greatly needed to be explored. Our present study aimed to compare the influence of two different types of RAFT agents on the characteristics of the water-soluble polymer (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (polyAMPS) and their polyAMPS@butyl methacrylate (BMA) core-shell particles. Different analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to ascertain the final morphological, structural, and thermal properties of the resultant products. It was found that RAFT agents have shown a clear influence on the final properties of the resultant polyAMPS and their core-shell particles such as particle size, shape, size distribution, and thermal behavior. This study confirms that RAFT agents can control the final properties of the polymers and their core-shell particles.
Impact of management practices on construction productivity in Indian building construction projects: an empirical study1
Authors: Dixit Saurav 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of management practices on the productivity of building construction projects in India. The methodology adopted for this study is to identify and analyse the management practice attributes from the literature review and expert focus group interviews. The identified attributes were analysed and priorities using relative weight were given by the respondents. The collected data were further analysed using SPSS 21 software. The quantitative research methodology was adopted to analyse the collected data and the following tools and techniques were applied to the data: reliability analysis to check the consistency of data collected for this study and relative importance index (RII) to prioritise and rank the attributes based on the weighted average score given by the respondents. The findings of this study concluded that coordination between all stakeholders, ability to handle the crisis by the project managers, social skills of key team managers, timely payment of completed works and design capability and frequent design changes are the most significant attributes of management practice, affecting construction productivity and having a rating on the RII of 0.91, 0.90, 0.88, 0.87 and 0.87.
A framework for achieving sustainability by overcoming the challenges of the construction supply chain during the design process
Authors: Othman Ayman Ahmed Ezzat , AlNassar Nooran 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to develop a framework to achieve sustainability by overcoming the challenges of the construction supply chain (CCSC) during the design process. To achieve this, two approaches, namely theoretical and practical, were used to accomplish four objectives. For the theoretical approach, based on literature review and case studies, the objective used was to identify, classify and validate the challenges that the construction supply chain (CSC) encounter. For the practical approach, a survey questionnaire was employed to quantify the CCSC and investigate the perception of architectural design firms (ADFs) in Egypt towards achieving sustainability by overcoming the CCSC during the design process. Based on the results, the research developed a framework to overcome the CCSC as an approach towards achieving sustainability in construction projects during the design process. The research identified and validated 20 challenges that the CSC encounter towards achieving sustainability during the design process. These challenges were classified under four categories, namely (1) design and technical process; (2) coordination, information flow and accuracy; (3) material specification, technology, supplier rework and whole life cycle cost; and (4) skills gap of the qualified architects and design managers and non-compliance to building codes, regulations, laws and standards. In addition, a survey questionnaire was employed to rank these challenges according to their importance on 1–5 Likert scale using the measure of central tendency and dispersion and relative importance index (RII).
Gauss-Markov model with random parameters to adjust results of surveys of geodetic control networks
Authors: Banaś Marek , Czaja Józef , Dąbrowski Janusz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Alignment of an engineering object project in the field is always conducted at the points of the geodetic control network, the coordinates of which are determined on the basis of the results of its elements survey and with connection to the national spatial reference system. The points of the national spatial reference system determined on the basis of previous surveys have specified coordinates with adequate accuracy, which is included in their covariance matrix. The coordinates of the geodetic control network points are determined more accurately than the points of the national spatial reference system and this means that the results of surveys of the geodetic control network have to be adequately incorporated into the coordinates of the reference points. In order to perform this incorporation, it may be assumed that the coordinates of the reference points are random, that is, they have a covariance matrix, which should be used in the process of adjusting the results of the geodetic control network observation. This research paper presents the principles for the estimation of the Gauss-Markov model parameters applied in case of those geodetic control networks in which the coordinates of the reference points have random character. On the basis of the observation equations δ + AX = L for the geodetic control network and using the weighting matrix P and the matrix of conditional covariances (P
−1 + AC

X

A

T
) for the observation vector L, the parameter vector X is estimated in the form of the derived formula

X
^

=

(

C
X

−
1

+

A
T

PA

)

−
1

A
T

P
⋅
L

{\bf{\hat X}} = {\left( {{\bf{C}}_X^{ - 1} + {{\bf{A}}^T}{\bf{PA}}} \right)^{ - 1}}{{\bf{A}}^T}{\bf{P}} \cdot {\bf{L}}

. The verification of these estimation principles has been illustrated by the example of a fragment of a levelling geodetic control network consisting of three geodetic control points and two reference points of the national spatial reference system.
The novel feature of the proposed solution is the application of covariance matrices of the reference point coordinates to adjust the results of the survey of geodetic control networks and to determine limit standard deviations for the estimated coordinates of geodetic control network points.
FEM modelling of the static behaviour of reinforced concrete beams considering the nonlinear behaviour of the concrete
Authors: Pazdan Maciej 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a finite element (FE) method of modelling reinforced concrete beams. The proposed model takes into account the phenomena characteristic of reinforced concrete structures, such as the interaction between two materials (concrete and steel), the cracking caused by mechanical loads and the variation of the Young's modulus under increasing load. A relevant numerical FE analysis was carried out in the ABAQUS system using the concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) model. The character of Young's modulus variation due to increasing stress intensity level was taken from the author's own research. The results of the FE calculations were compared with the results yielded by the author's numerical bar model.
Taxation and Transportation: Granger Causality Approach in Nigeria
Authors: Adejare Adegbite Tajudeen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study gauges taxation's effect on transportation from 1981 to 2019 in Nigeria. This study further assesses the bearing of causality among Transportation, Corporate tax, Petroleum profit tax, Value added tax and Custom and Excise duties. Analytical tools such as VECM, Johanson Test for Cointegration, Vector Autoregression and granger causality Wald (GCW) test are adopted for analysis. Diagnosis tests such as the Lagrange-multiplier test, Jarque-Bera test and Eigenvalue stability condition are carried out to examine autocorrelation, stability and normality tests respectively. Outcomes divulge that corporate tax has a positive short-run and long-run influence on transportation. Petroleum profit tax, Value added tax and Custom and Excise duties also impact transportation positively and significantly both in the long run and short run as deduced from empirical analysis. This reveals that all the components of taxation observed influence transportation positively both in the long run and short run in Nigeria. Conclusively, taxation impacts transportation positively and significantly both in the short run and long run. This translates that taxation income has been utilized effectively to upsurge transportation in Nigeria. It predicts that transportation will perform excellently in terms of economic development and employment generation if taxable income is properly monitored and utilized effectively.
Financial System and SMEs Access to Finance: A Market-Oriented Approach
Authors: Ademosu Akinwande , Morakinyo Akinola 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The study uses a market-oriented approach to investigate the relationship between the financial system and SMEs access to finance in Nigeria between 1995 and 2019. Both indicators from the capital and money markets are used as independent variables while some macroeconomic variables such as inflation rate, interest rate and exchange rate are also used. The study made use of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag to explore the long and short-run relationship and the result shows that the capital market has a more significant impact on SMEs access to finance than the money market. Variables such as inflation rate, exchange rate and interest rate all have a significant influence on access to finance by the SMEs. it is recommended that the money market as an important aspect of the financial system in Nigeria should be made to devote more credit to the SMEs sector as it has shown from this study that the bulk of the credit going into the private sector from the money market might not go into the SMEs sector. The inflation rate should also be controlled as well as reducing the lending rate and guide against unreasonable currency devaluation to promote access to finance by the SMEs in Nigeria.
A Review of the Impact of External Shocks on Monetary Policy Effectiveness in Non-WAEMU Countries
Authors: Sedegah Kordzo , Odhiambo Nicholas M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the extant literature on the impact of external shocks on monetary policy effectiveness with reference to non-WAEMU countries is reviewed. The importance of this literature review is to provide contemporary perspectives to scholars and policymakers on the relevance of the incidence of external shocks to the effectiveness of monetary policy with reference to non-WAEMU countries. The literature reviewed in this study shows that, on the whole, the extent and the degree to which external shocks are transmitted to the domestic economy substantially depend on a plethora of features, namely the absence of exchange rate flexibility; a strong export concentration, especially with respect to commodities; the level of global economic integration; restricted capacities of production; the absence of competitiveness in exports; over-reliance on foreign aid; foreign reserves that are not adequate and capital account openness.