bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clonal Evolution Dynamics in Primary and Metastatic Lesions of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Tong Zhou , Wang Lin , Shi Weiwei , Zeng Yanwu , Zhang Hangyu , Liu Lulu , Zheng Yi , Chen Chunlei , Xia Weiliang , Fang Weijia , Zhao Peng 
Published: May 2021

Background: Data on inter-tumoral heterogeneity and clonal evolution of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (panNENs) with liver metastasis are limited. The aim of this study was to explore different patterns of clonal evolution of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with liver metastasis and the possible distinctive signaling pathways involved between G2 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs).Methods: Tumor tissues of five patients (10 samples) with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with synchronous liver metastasis were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. PyClone, Gene Ontology, and Reactome pathway enrichment analysis were also applied.Results: Mutated genes varied in individuals, reflecting the inter-tumoral heterogeneity of panNENs. The distribution of subclones varied during tumor metastasis, and different clonal evolution patterns were revealed between NETs and NECs. Gene Ontology and Reactome analyses revealed that in both NETs and NECs, signaling pathways and biological processes shared similarities and differences in the primary and metastatic lesions. In addition, the signaling pathway features were different between NETs and NECs. In the primary lesions, epigenetic changes and post-transcriptional modifications participated in NETs, while FGFR signaling, EGFR signaling, and NTRK2 signaling were largely involved in NECs. Although DNA repair and TP53 regulation were both involved in the metastatic lesions, most of the signaling pathways and biological processes disrupted by the mutated genes were different.Conclusions: Our study revealed spatial inter-tumoral heterogeneity and temporal clonal evolution in PanNENs, providing potential therapeutic targets for further prospective clinical trials.
Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Guo-Qiang , Peng Chun-Ling , Lian Ying , Wang Bo-Wen , Chen Peng-Yu , Wang Gang-Pu 
Published: May 2021

Objective: We aimed to systematically evaluate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and mental health.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception to December 31, 2020. Categorical meta-analysis and dose–response meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the association between DII and mental health.Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the lowest DII category, the highest category was significantly associated with a variety of mental health outcomes, with the following pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs): 1.28 (1.17–1.39) for symptoms of depression, 1.27 (1.08–1.49) for symptoms of anxiety, 1.85 (1.43–2.40) for distress, and 4.27 (1.27–14.35) for schizophrenia. Furthermore, there was a linear dose–response relationship between DII and symptoms of depression in that a 1-unit increment in DII was associated with an increased risk of 6% for symptoms of depression (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.19).Conclusion: The present study indicates that more pro-inflammatory diet, as estimated by the higher DII score, is associated with symptoms of mental disorder. It may be of clinical and public health significance regarding the development of novel nutritional psychiatry approaches to promote good mental health.
3D DenseNet Deep Learning Based Preoperative Computed Tomography for Detecting Myasthenia Gravis in Patients With Thymoma
Authors: Liu Zhenguo , Zhu Ying , Yuan Yujie , Yang Lei , Wang Kefeng , Wang Minghui , Yang Xiaoyu , Wu Xi , Tian Xi , Zhang Rongguo , Shen Bingqi , Luo Honghe , Feng Huiyu , Feng Shiting , Ke Zunfu 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundMyasthenia gravis (MG) is the most common paraneoplastic syndromes of thymoma and closely related to thymus abnormalities. Timely detecting of the risk of MG would benefit clinical management and treatment decision for patients with thymoma. Herein, we developed a 3D DenseNet deep learning (DL) model based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) as a non-invasive method to detect MG in thymoma patients.MethodsA large cohort of 230 thymoma patients in a hospital affiliated with a medical school were enrolled. 182 thymoma patients (81 with MG, 101 without MG) were used for training and model building. 48 cases from another hospital were used for external validation. A 3D-DenseNet-DL model and five radiomic models were performed to detect MG in thymoma patients. A comprehensive analysis by integrating machine learning and semantic CT image features, named 3D-DenseNet-DL-based multi-model, was also performed to establish a more effective prediction model.FindingsBy elaborately comparing the prediction efficacy, the 3D-DenseNet-DL effectively identified MG patients and was superior to other five radiomic models, with a mean area under ROC curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.734, 0.724, 0.787, and 0.672, respectively. The effectiveness of the 3D-DenseNet-DL-based multi-model was further improved as evidenced by the following metrics: AUC 0.766, accuracy 0.790, sensitivity 0.739, and specificity 0.801. External verification results confirmed the feasibility of this DL-based multi-model with metrics: AUC 0.730, accuracy 0.732, sensitivity 0.700, and specificity 0.690, respectively.InterpretationOur 3D-DenseNet-DL model can effectively detect MG in patients with thymoma based on preoperative CT imaging. This model may serve as a supplement to the conventional diagnostic criteria for identifying thymoma associated MG.
High Incidence of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease in a Third-Level University-Hospital, Italy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Capobianco Giampiero , Tinacci Elettra , Saderi Laura , Dessole Francesco , Petrillo Marco , Madonia Massimo , Virdis Giuseppe , Olivari Alessandro , Santeufemia Davide Adriano , Cossu Antonio , Dessole Salvatore , Sotgiu Giovanni , Cherchi Pier Luigi 
Published: May 2021

Introductionto assess incidence, prognosis and obstetric outcome of patients treated for gestational trophoblastic disease GTD in a twenty-year period. Incidence, prognosis and obstetric outcome of gestational throphoblastic diseaseMethodsretrospective study.ResultsFifty-four cases of GTD: 46 (85.18%) cases of Hydatidiform mole (HM); 8 cases of Persistent Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) (14.81%): 6/8 cases (75%) GTN not metastatic; 2/8 cases (25%) GTN metastatic. In both cases, the metastases occurred in the lungs. In 3 out of 8 GTN cases (37.5%) a histological picture of choriocarcinoma emerged. The incidence of GTD cases treated from 2000 to 2020 was 1.8 cases per 1000 deliveries and 1.3 cases per 1000 pregnancies. Of the 54 patients, 30 (55.56%) presented showed normal serum hCG levels without the need for chemotherapy. On the other hand, 24 patients (44.44%) developed a persistent trophoblastic disease and underwent adjuvant therapy. The negative prognostic factors that affected the risk of persistence of GTD were: serum hCG levels at diagnosis &gt; 100,000 mUI/ml; characteristic “snow storm” finding at the ultrasound diagnosis; a slow regression of serum hCG levels during follow-up; the persistence of high serum hCG levels (especially if &gt; 1000 mUI/ml one month after suction curettage) that was the main risk factor for resistance to first-line chemotherapy. There were 10 pregnancies in total following treatment. Patients’ survival in our study was 100%.DiscussionAlthough GTD is a rare disease, its incidence was 1.3 cases per 1,000 pregnancies in Sardinia, Italy, higher if compared with mean national and worldwide incidence.
Case Report: Severe Hyponatremia in Infants With Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Abu Bakar Karmila , Jalaludin Muhammad Y. , Zainal Nur , Woon Sze L. , Mohd Zikre Nurwahida , Samingan Nurshadia , Ab Rahman Syaza , Eng Caroline S. Y. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Many reports on investigations and treatments in UTI, however little, have been mentioned with regard to electrolyte abnormalities. Secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) in UTI, though less common, is a known association. Features include hyponatremia and concomitant hyperkalemia.Objectives: We aim to highlight these uncommon sequelae in UTI to avoid incorrect diagnosis and unnecessary investigations.Study Design: Clinical data of patients admitted and referred to a pediatric nephrologist at the University Malaya Medical Center between May 2019 and October 2020 were collated and elaborated.Results and Discussion: We report three infants with hyponatremia and hyperkalemia during UTI episodes. Two infants were known to have posterior urethral valve (PUV) before the onset of UTI and one infant had UTI, which led to investigations confirming the diagnosis of bladder vaginal fistula. The electrolyte derangements were temporary and resolved within 48 to 72 h of treatment with intravenous fluid and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Out of three, only one had a hormonal study, which confirms PHA. Reduced aldosterone activity could be due to absolute reduction in aldosterone titer or lack of aldosterone responsiveness at tubular (other tissues) level. In the latter, aldosterone titer is elevated. The infant in our cohort who had hormonal evaluation had the mentioned electrolyte abnormalities with a markedly elevated aldosterone titer. This demonstrated defective action of the hormone at the level of mineralocorticoid receptor. Although the remaining two infants had no confirmatory hormonal study, all of them recovered within 48 h of hospital admission, after receiving appropriate management for the primary problem, which was UTI. We observed a slower recovery of hyponatremia in relation to hyperkalemia, but none of these infants required salt replacement upon discharge.Conclusion: Infants with severe UTI and deranged electrolytes should be screened for structural abnormality and vice versa. Not all infants require hormonal screening, but those who required prolonged salt replacement or showed involvement of other systems warrant further evaluation.
Process Evaluation of Implementing a Pharmacist-Led Intervention to Improve Adherence to Antihypertensive Drugs Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Indonesian Community Health Centers
Authors: Alfian Sofa D. , van Boven Job F. M. , Iskandarsyah Aulia , Abdulah Rizky , Hak Eelko , Denig Petra 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: A pharmacist-led intervention in Community Health Centers (CHCs) in Indonesia targeted at patients with type 2 diabetes non-adherent to antihypertensive drugs resulted in a significant improvement in adherence to these drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the process of implementation this intervention intended to improve adherence to antihypertensive drugs from both the pharmacist and the patient perspective.Methods: Using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance) framework, we conducted a focus group among pharmacists (N = 5) and a survey among patients with complete follow-up (N = 44) participating in the intervention group.Results: All pharmacists adopted the provided training and found support tools useful. The pharmacists implemented the intervention as intended (adequate intervention fidelity &gt;69%). Factors relevant for implementation included having sufficient time and confidence, home visits for specific patients, multidisciplinary collaboration, and availability of a personal counseling room. To maintain the intervention, the need for practical guidance and support from health care authorities was mentioned. Most patients (96%) were satisfied with the information provided by the pharmacists and they believed the tailored counselling was helpful. Most patients (84%) reported that the duration of counselling was sufficient. The large majority of patients would like to receive the counselling regularly.Conclusion: Positive effects of the pharmacist-led intervention can be explained by adequate levels of reach, adoption and implementation in the participating CHCs. For successful implementation and maintenance in Indonesia or other low-and middle-income countries, sufficient training, resources, multidisciplinary collaboration, guidance and support from health care authorities are expected to be important.
Diversity in Phenological and Agronomic Traits of Miscanthus sinensis Collected in Korea and Eastern Asia
Authors: Lim Soo-Hyun , Yook Min-Jung , Song Jong-Seok , Kim Jin-Won , Zhang Chuan-Jie , Kim Dong-Gil , Park Yeon-Ho , Lee DoKyoung , Kim Do-Soon 
Published: May 2021

Four-year field experiments were conducted to investigate phenotypic traits associated with the biomass yield of 173 Miscanthus sinensis accessions collected from Korea and neighboring East Asian countries. Nine phenological and agronomic traits associated with biomass yield were assessed to investigate their phenotypic diversity and relationships with biomass yield as well as the latitudes of the M. sinensis accessions collection sites. Correlation analyses among phenological and agronomic traits, biomass yield, and collection site revealed that heading date, vegetative growth duration, leaf area, and stem growth traits (stem height, stem diameter, and stem dry weight) were closely related to biomass yield. The latitude of collection site exhibited a significant negative correlation with heading date, and heading date showed a significant positive correlation with biomass yield, indicating the high biomass potential of the accessions originating from lower latitude due to longer vegetative growth. The best biomass yield was mainly observed in M. sinensis accessions from the southern parts of Korea, such as Jeolla and Jeju provinces, with over 20 Mg DM ha−1. Agronomic traits measured in the second year after planting also showed a high correlation with biomass yield measured in the fourth year after planting. In particular, vegetative growth duration, leaf area, stem diameter, and stem dry weight measured in the second year were significantly related to the fourth-year biomass yield. Therefore, these findings suggest that agronomic traits measured in the second year can be used for screening M. sinensis genetic resources and breeding lines with high biomass yield potential.
TERÖRİZMİN VE TERÖR ÖRGÜTÜNÜN PROPAGANDASI SUÇU VE CEZA HUKUKU SORUMLULUĞU
Authors: ÖZGENÇ İzzet 
Published: May 2021

Terör örgütlerinin en önemli özelliği, belirli siyasi amaçlara ulaşabilmek için özellikle şiddet içeren suçları sistematik bir şeklide işlemeyi yöntem olarak benimsemiş olmalarıdır. Güdülen siyasi amaçlar “meşru” olsa bile, suç işlemeyi yöntem olarak benimsemiş olmaları dolayısıyla, hukuk, terör örgütlerine meşruiyet tanınmasına izin vermez. Siyasi iktidarlar veya genel olarak siyasi partiler, terör örgütünün “çözülmesini amaç edindiği” siyasi, sosyal, kültürel veya ekonomik sorunların varlığını kabullenebilirler ve bu sorunların çözümüne yönelik olarak politikalar geliştirebilirler. Ancak bu politikaların oluşturulmasında ve hayata geçirilmesinde terör örgütlerinin ve örgüt mensuplarının muhatap olarak alınmaması gerekir. Aksi takdirde, “meşru amaç, her türlü yolu mübah kılar” anlayışına geçerlilik tanınmış olur. Bu ise toplumda, faaliyeti çerçevesinde şiddet içeren ağır suçların sistematik bir şekilde işlendiği terör örgütlerinin “meşruiyeti” ve “ulviyeti” konusunda haksız, hukuki temeli olmayan bir kanaatin oluşmasına sebebiyet verir.
Bir terör örgütü tarafından toplumda mevcut olan siyasi, sosyal, kültürel veya ekonomik sorunların “çözümünün amaç” edinilmiş olması, ülkedeki siyasi iktidarı elinde bulunduran veya yönetime talip olan siyasi partiler tarafından bu sorunların varlığının kabullenilmesine ve bunların hukuk çerçevesinde, meşruiyet zemininde çözümüne yönelik politikalar oluşturmasına engel teşkil etmemelidir.
Ülkede mevcut olan siyasi, sosyal, kültürel veya ekonomik sorunların ve çözüm önerilerinin hukuk zemininde tartışılabilmesiyle, terör örgütlerinin özellikle çocuk yaştaki kişileri ve yabancı güçlerin de terör örgütlerini istismar etmesinin, ülke kaynaklarının heba edilmesinin önüne geçilebilecektir.
Bu hassas dengenin korunması amacıyla, terörizmin ve terör örgütünün propagandası bağlamında hangi fiillerin suç oluşturabileceğine ilişkin ölçütlerin sağlıklı bir şekilde belirlenmesi gerekir.
İşbu makalede, uygulamadan örnekler verilerek, söz konusu ölçütlerin belirlenmesine çalışılmıştır.
AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARANSI PENGELOLAAN DANA BANTUAN OPERASIONAL SEKOLAH (Studi Pada Sekolah Di Kota Kupang)
Authors: Sine Eka Puteri , Tunti Maria Elerina Douk , Rafael Sarinah Joyce Margaret 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini tentang Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi Pengelolaan Dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui akuntabilitas dan transparansi pengelolaan dana BOS pada sekolah di kota Kupang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kepala sekolah, bendahara, guru, komite, pengawas dinas PKPO Kota Kupang dan orang tua murid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan dana BOS sudah berjalan dengan baik dilihat dari bentuk pertanggungjawaban yang telah sesuai dengan juknis BOS yang dilakukan oleh sekolah kepada pihak-pihak terkait sedangkan transparansi dalam pengelolaan dana BOS belum berjalan dengan baik karena masih adanya kekurangan pada tahap publikasi.

Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan Dana BOS, Akuntabilitas, Transparansi
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BENTENG MAKES SEBAGAI OBYEK WISATA BUDAYA DI KABUPATEN BELU
Authors: Bessie Juita Lubrina Domina , Soares Yuliana Olandina 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze the development strategy of Cultural Tourism Object Benteng Makes in Belu Regency. The samples were 30 respondents who gained by using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis using SWOT. The results showed that based on Grand Strategy Matrix, the Cultural Tourism Object of Benteng Makes is in quadrant I which means it supports the strategy aggressively and also the strategy of SO (Strength Opportunities) as a priority strategy. The development strategy for Benteng Makes as a Cultural Tourism Object needs to be considered from various aspects of development such as tourists, adequate accessibility, attractions or tourism objects, service facilities around tourist objects, information and promotion as well as institutions in terms of quality human resources. Suggestions in this research are the need to provide facilities at the Cultural Tourism Object of Benteng Makes which is still lacking, the cooperation with related parties in order to maintain and preserve tourism objects, promote tourism objects to be better known and visited, as well as synergy with the Regional Government and Academics in terms of providing quality human resources in the tourism sector.

Keywords: Development Strategy, Cultural Tourism, SWOT
PENGARUH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH (e-WOM) DI MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN
Authors: Nyoko Antonio E.L. , Semuel Anthonia Debora Dila 
Published: May 2021

The development of information technology and the internet is currently developing very widely. This greatly affects the lifestyle of most humans at this time. The internet is an important part of everyday life in terms of accessing existing social media. Changes also occur in WOM (Word Of Mouth) communication. Through e-WOM communication, WOM behavior in social media, consumers can obtain information and exchange opinions about products and services. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of e-WOM in social media Facebook towards Purchasing Decision on Muca Cafe Kupang. The variables in this study are the independent variable; e-WOM (Intensity, Valence of Opinion, Content) and the dependent variable; Purchasing Decision. The population in this study were consumers who befriended in social media Facebook with Muca Cafe, with a sample of 100 respondents conducted by purposive sampling method. Data collection techniques in this study using the questionnaire method. The instruments were applied Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classic Assumption Test, and Hypothesis Testing using t-Test and F Test. Data analysis techniques used Descriptive Statistics, Multiple Linear Regression, and Coefficient of Determination. The result of this study indicates e-WOM through social media Facebook has a significant effect on Purchasing Decision. Thus, Muca Café should optimize its social media Facebook to attract many consumers.
Keywords: Content, Electronic Word Of Mouth, Intensity, Purchasing Decisions, Valence of Opinion
Pengaruh Pembatasan pakan terhadap performa ayam pedaging strain yang berbeda
Authors: Lantowa Z. , Londok J.J.M.R. , Imbar M.R. 
Published: May 2021

THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILERWITH DIFFERENT STRAINS. This study aims to measure the growth performance of broilers with different strains through a feed restriction pattern at the beginning of growth (starter). This study used 72 day-old broilers consisting of 36 Cobb strains and 36 Lohman strains selected from each of them. -each 100 heads to get almost the same body weight obtained successively from PT. Charoen Phokphand and PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 2x4 factorial pattern with 3 replications. The A factor is the difference in strains (A1 = Lohman, A2 = Cobb), while the B factor is the time of feed restriction (B0 = no feed restriction, B1 = feed restriction starts on day 8, B2 = Feed restriction starts on day 11, B3 = Feed restriction begins On day 14. There were 8 treatment combinations. Feed restriction was carried out as much as 20 percent. The measured variables were feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant interaction (P <0.05) between the strains different from the start of the feed restriction on feed consumption and body weight gain, while the feed conversion variable did not show a significant interaction (P> 0.05) .Tukey's test results showed that the feed consumption in the combination of Lohman strain treatment with limitation time of 11 days (98.95) is not significantly different (P> 0.05) with the combination of A1B0 (97.52), A2B3 (91.34), but A2B0 (95.36) is significantly different (P <0.05) is higher with all combinations treatment. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant interaction (P <0.05) between factor A and factor B. The results of the Tukey test showed that the treatment of A1B2 (54.63) was not significantly different (P> 0.05) with A1B1 (51, 70), thus with treatment A2B0 (48.13), treatment A1B0 (49.93) with A2B1 (49.13), A2B3 (49.12), A2B0 (48.13) and A2B2 (47.21) . Lohman strain broiler and 20% restriction with restriction time starting on the eleventh day gave the best performance response. Keywords: Strain, feed restriction, time limitation