bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disentangling temporal associations in marine microbial networks
Authors: Deutschmann Ina , Krabberød Anders , Benites L. , Latorre Francisco , Delage Erwan , Marrasé Cèlia , Balagué Vanessa , Gasol Josep , Massana Ramon , Eveillard Damien , Chaffron Samuel , Logares Ramiro 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Microbial interactions are fundamental for Earth’s ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycling. Nevertheless, they are challenging to identify and remain barely known. The omics-based censuses are helpful to predict microbial interactions through the inference of static association networks. However, since microbial interactions are highly dynamic, we have developed an approach to generate a temporal network from a single static network. We applied it to understand the monthly microbial associations’ dynamics occurring over ten years in the Blanes Bay Microbial Observatory (Mediterranean Sea). For the decade, we identified persistent, seasonal, and temporary microbial associations. Moreover, we found that the temporal network appears to follow an annual cycle, collapsing and reassembling when transiting between colder and warmer waters. We observed higher repeatability in colder than warmer months. Altogether, our results indicate that marine microbial networks follow recurrent temporal dynamics, which need to be accounted to better understand the dynamics of the ocean microbiome.
Rapid prediction of thrust force coupling scale-span model and revised ANN in drilling CFRPs
Authors: Liu Yong , Li Qiannan , Qi Zhenchao , Chen Wenliang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study develops an integrated methodology to rapidly predict the thrust force with a tapered drill-reamer (TDR) by coupling a scale-span model and revised artificial neural networks (ANN) in drilling carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs). First, the optimum mesh size of the scale-span finite element (FE) model of CFRPs was optimized to enhance simulation efficiency on the premise of ensuring accuracy in drilling. Then, an order-driven FE computation approach was first proposed to improve computing efficiency for batch samples and maximize utilization of the available computing resources. Modeling and solving of the weight indices of material property parameters (MPPs) and machining parameters for the thrust force were first carried out entirely based on a feature selection model. A multi-layer revised ANN architecture model which considers the material properties of CFRPs and the corresponding initial weight indices was first designed for the thrust force prediction in Python software. Finally, drilling experiments involving T700S-12K/YP-H26 CFRPs specimens with different machining parameters were carried out, which more than 25 prediction results of the fresh samples showed that the established ANN prediction model with a 16-18-18-18-16-1 architecture is highly prediction precision, and the maximum absolute deviation is only 4.56% with the comparisons of experiments.
Site Suitability analysis for artificial groundwater recharge potential zone using a GIS approach in Basaltic terrain, Buldhana District, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Chakraborty Monica , Tejankar Ashok , Ayyamperumal Ramamoorthy 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We have selected the site suitability for artificial groundwater recharge in basaltic terrain in India. The overarching aim of this research is to identify appropriate locations for artificial groundwater recharge in the Godavari river basin in the semi-arid zone of Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India. The research involves the selection of an appropriate location with an artificial recharge, the use of weighted values in a (GIS) environment, and the development of thematic layers. The precise type of artificial recharge system, such as a check dam, nullah bund, drainage ditch trying to plug, or percolation ponds, is chosen. Water harvesting considers the availability of land, conventionally, while on the local conditions depends the suitability of a particular artificial recharge technique and the area which is to get benefited. As a result, decisions on the site for water conservation and structure construction could only be undertaken after detailed field research. In stipulated time, the GIS modelling approach provides an excellent tool for the identification of recharge zones with suitable structures. The integrated study helps in designing a suitable groundwater management plan for the areas such as the basaltic terrain.
In Silico and in Vitro Development of a New Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation Device for Renal Denervation
Authors: Pérez Noel , Muffly Karl , Saddow Stephen E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Renal denervation with radiofrequency ablation has become an accepted treatment for drug-resistant hypertension. However, there is a continuing need to develop new catheters for high-accuracy, targeted ablation. We, therefore, developed a radiofrequency ablation device with a basket catheter and bipolar electrodes for controlled, targeted ablation through Joule heating induction between 60°C and 100°C.Methods: Finite element modeling was used to determine the optimum catheter design to deliver a minimum ablation zone of 4 mm (W) x 10 mm (L) x 4 mm (H) within 60 seconds with a 500 kHz, 60 Vp-p signal, and 0.9 W maximum. The computational model was validated using in vitro phantom tissue impregnated with a color-changing thermochromic pigment.Results: The in vitro ablation zone closely matched the size and shape of the simulated area. The new electrode design directs the current density towards the artery walls and tissue, reducing unwanted blood temperature increases by focusing energy on the ablation zone. In contrast, the basket catheter design does not block renal flow during renal denervation.Conclusions: This computational model of radiofrequency ablation can be used to estimate renal artery ablation zones for highly targeted renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension. Furthermore, this innovative catheter has short ablation times and the lowest power requirement of existing designs to perform the ablation.
Bionematicides as an alternative to methyl bromide fumigation
Authors: Westerdahl B. B. , Hasey J. , Grant J. , Beem L. W. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fumigant use in perennial crops can be reduced through prolonging the life of existing orchards. The longer an orchard remains healthy and productive, the less often it will be terminated, fumigated, and replanted. Two trials were conducted to determine the effectiveness of DiTera, a toxin produced by the fungus (Myrothecium verrucaria) and Nema-Q, an extract of the soap bark tree (Quillaja saponaria) for management of root-lesion (Pratylenchus vulnus) and ring (Mesocriconema xenopla) nematodes on walnuts. In the first trial, spring and fall treatments of DiTera were applied each year for four years to variety ‘Chandler’ scion on seedling ‘Paradox’ rootstock, and to own-rooted ‘Chandler’ trees. On ‘Paradox’ rootstock, both DiTera and Nema-Q increased walnut yields (P ≤ 0.05) and produced more vigorous trees (P ≤ 0.05) without significant reductions in nematode populations (P ≤ 0.05). A second trial was conducted with three rates of DiTera and four rates of Nema-Q, combinations of the two products, and an untreated control on ‘Chandler’ scion on ‘Paradox’ rootstock. The highest rate of Nema-Q (P ≤ 0.05), and a combination treatment of DiTera plus Nema-Q (P ≤ 0.05) increased trunk circumference. Several treatments showed reductions in root-lesion and ring nematodes (P ≤ 0.05). Bionematicides can improve yield, growth, and vigor in walnut orchards infested with plant-parasitic nematodes.
Implementation of the Implied Powers Doctrine by the UN International Court of Justice
Authors: Shchokin Yu. V. 
Published: April 2021

The article provides for an overview and analysis of the UN ICJ’s practice on implementation of the implied powers doctrine. Main Court’s cases (judgments and advisory opinions) related to this doctrine were examined (Reparation for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the UN (1949), Effect of Awards of Compensation made by the UN Administrative Tribunal (1954), Certain Expenses of the UN (1962), Legality of the Use by a State of Nuclear Weapons in Armed Conflict (1996), and Fisheries Jurisdiction (1998)).
It is noted that the implied powers doctrine became an implementation of the principle of efficiency, which is well known in international judicial practice as the principle interpretatio fiеnda est ut res magis valeat quam pereat. It allows to interpret the charters of international organizations in a more ‘dynamic manner’. The implied powers doctrine, on the one hand, expands the limits of such interpretation, and on the other hand, it limits it. Its antipode is the doctrine of inherent powers that allows to make more broadly interpretation of the charters of international organization based only on its goals. In this connection a comparative analysis of two competing doctrines – of implied powers and inherent powers – is made.
The author of the article examined the legal positions of the International Court of Justice that allow to the supporters of the inherent powers doctrine to assert that it has wide application. But, based on the methods of interpretation used by the ICJ in making these judgments and advisory opinions, he come to the conclusion that the Court fully supports exactly the implied powers doctrine.
Anti-corruption: strategy and practice
Authors: Kornienko M. , Tertyshnyk V. 
Published: April 2021

The problems of the anti-corruption strategy, issues of elimination of criminal factors, improvement of legislation and the activities of law enforcement agencies are analyzed.
Anti-corruption problems should be solved systematically in a set of integrative measures of state-political, socio-economic, national-cultural, informational, criminological, legal and moral.
The priorities of the implementation of such a course are the urgent implementation of such strategic principles as DE monopolization, DE offshorization, requisition of energy security facilities, demarcation of business and power, and ensuring effective tax and customs policy. The effective mechanism against corruption is the disengagement of power and business, the elimination of factors of political corruption. It is proposed in the Law on the Prevention of Corruption, as well as in the laws regulating the status of civil servants, to enshrine the requirement of impeccable business reputation and integrity.
A system of new legislation should be developed and adopted: the Code of Evidence, the Code of Law Enforcement, the Investigator Status Function Act, the Detective Status Act, the Jury and World Court Act, and the Crime Detection, Prevention and Prevention Act.
It is proposed to state the disposition of the law of the Criminal Code of Ukraine on illegal enrichment in accordance with Article 20 of the UN Convention against Corruption of 31.10.2003. In particular, it is proposed to consolidate the responsibility of officials for a significant increase in assets that exceed the total assets of zero declaration and legal wages in the public service.
The mechanisms of the state government should provide for the function of prosecutorial supervision over the enforcement of anti-corruption legislation in the activities of enterprises, executive authorities and local government.
Systemic proposals are being made for the formation of a strategy and a comprehensive anti-corruption programed.
Audyt efektywności kosztowej inwestycji w infrastrukturę drogową w powiatach województwa mazowieckiego
Authors: Jankowska Natalia , Modzelewski Piotr 
Published: April 2021

Celem artykułu było sprawdzenie, czy możliwe jest przeprowadzenie wstępnego audytu efektywnościowego w zakresie pomiaru efektywności kosztowej w obszarze budowy infrastruktury drogowej przez samorządy lokalne, na podstawie informacji publicznej powszechnie dostępnej, bez konieczności zwracania się o dostęp do danych. Audyt efektywnościowy jest instrumentem, który pozwala m.in. na pomiar efektywności kosztowej i dokonywanie porównań pomiędzy jednostkami samorządowymi w zakresie realizacji poszczególnych szczegółowych rodzajów zadań. Przeprowadzenie takiego audytu w pełnej postaci jest jednak zwykle dość czasochłonne, skomplikowane i wymagałoby zaangażowania zespołów eksperckich, którzy musieliby pozyskać informacje wewnętrzne z poszczególnych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego (JST) na temat kosztów realizowanych inwestycji. Jednakże już wstępne porównania w zakresie wydatków publicznych na podobne lub takie same przedsięwzięcia mogą być bardzo przydatne zarówno w bieżącej pracy samorządów lokalnych, jak i niezwykle użyteczne dla obywateli, włączających się w procesy demokratyczne na poziomie lokalnym. Zasadne byłoby zatem postulowanie, aby już na poziomie powszechnie dostępnej informacji publicznej, niewymagającej specjalnego, zwykle każdorazowego ubiegania się o dostęp do danych, możliwe było dokonywanie porównań pomiędzy np. inwestycjami samorządowymi. Jednakże kluczem i warunkiem koniecznym do dokonania chociażby wstępnego audytu efektywnościowego jest zapewnienie porównywalności przy pomiarze efektywności kosztowej poszczególnych inwestycji. Taki wstępny audyt w zakresie kosztu jednostkowego realizowanych inwestycji dostępny powszechnie dla obywateli czy samorządowców może być następnie traktowany jako punkt wyjścia do dyskusji na forum publicznym, czy też dokonania dalszej, bardziej szczegółowej oceny zasadności dokonywanych inwestycji lub też zestawiania danych nt. efektywności kosztowej z miarami skuteczności wydatkowania środków publicznych.
The impact of the cohesion policy on the quality of life in big cities in Mazovia
Authors: Mackiewicz Marta , Szczech-Pietkiewicz Ewelina 
Published: April 2021

Contemporary urban policies pay great attention to improving the quality of life of the inhabitants. Such an increasing interest in the quality of life is caused by its crucial importance for the location decisions of households and businesses. In recent years, urban development has been largely financed by EU cohesion policy funds. The paper intends to identify the areas in which the quality of life of the inhabitants of large cities in Mazovia has improved thanks to the implementation of cohesion policy. The study took into account large cities in Mazovia with over 100,000 inhabitants, i.e. Warsaw, Radom and Plock. The survey is based on data collected for the research project: ‚The impact of the cohesion policy on urban development in 2007–2013’, provided by the Ministry of Development. This includes in-depth interviews with representatives of units responsible for development strategy in the cities covered by the survey and a questionnaire survey among beneficiaries of projects co-funded by EU funds. An analysis of databases of projects implemented in large cities in Mazovia, financed with the participation of EU funds, as well as a research of literature on the quality of life in cities in Mazovia were also conducted. The results indicate that the inhabitants see the most improvement in the quality of life in connection with better transport in the cities. The quality of life has increased thanks to faster and more comfortable commuting to work, which leaves more time for other activities and spending free time.
Zmiany w systemie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi – aspekty prawne i ekonomiczne na przykładzie m.st. Warszawy
Authors: Wieczorek Anna , Siekierski Maciej 
Published: April 2021

Autorzy artykułu uważają, że: należy zrezygnować ze zbyt skomplikowanych metod ustalania stawek opłaty za gospodarowanie odpadami komunalnymi, przyjętych w ustawie o utrzymaniu czystości i porządku w gminach; najprostszym i najbardziej sprawiedliwym byłoby wprowadzenie jednej opłaty od każdej osoby, deklarującej miejsce zamieszkania na terenie Polski, a ww. opłatę można powiązać np. z podatkiem dochodowym. Takie rozwiązanie zlikwidowałoby spory, dotyczące tego, kto gdzie mieszka, ile ma nieruchomości oraz co oznaczają takie pojęcia jak: zamieszkują mieszkańcy czy domek letniskowy; kto i ile wody zużywa oraz jak to szacować; jak ustalać powierzchnie lokali. Na przykładzie Warszawy wykazano, że obowiązujący od dnia 01.03.2020 r. system gospodarowania odpadami komunalnymi, determinowany ustawą o utrzymaniu czystości i porządku w gminach jest mało precyzyjny – w wielu sytuacjach nie wiadomo jak naliczać opłaty; jest krzywdzący dla jednoosobowych gospodarstw domowych, których znaczącą liczbę stanowią emeryci i renciści.
Analiza głównych problemów i wyzwań w działalności ochotniczych straży pożarnych w województwie mazowieckim
Authors: Żurawicka Paulina , Kierzkowska Monika , Piwowarczyk Dariusz 
Published: April 2021

W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki analizy głównych potrzeb, problemów i wyzwań związanych z działalnością ochotniczych straży pożarnych z terenu województwa mazowieckiego. W celu ich identyfikacji przeprowadzono badanie ankietowe, skierowane do mazowieckich jednostek OSP. Przedmiotowa analiza pozwoliła m.in. na rozpoznanie potrzeb ochotniczych straży pożarnych w zakresie poprawy wyposażenia, podnoszenia sprawności członków jednostek do prowadzenia akcji ratowniczych oraz zebranie informacji na temat przygotowania jednostek do prowadzenia działań ratowniczych. Nadesłane odpowiedzi umożliwiły także ustalenie najbardziej pożądanych przez jednostki OSP form wsparcia ich działalności. Niniejszą analizę uzupełniono również o podstawowe informacje nt. Krajowego Systemu Ratowniczo-Gaśniczego i analizę przepisów będących podstawą działalności i finansowania ochotniczych straży pożarnych, w tym w szczególności ustawy z dnia 24 sierpnia 1991 r. o ochronie przeciwpożarowej i ustawy z dnia 7 kwietnia 1989 r. Prawo o stowarzyszeniach.
Participatory Design of an Activities-Based Collective Mentoring Program in After-School Care Settings: Connect, Promote, and Protect Program
Authors: Milton Alyssa C , Stewart Elizabeth , Ospina-Pinillos Laura , Davenport Tracey , Hickie Ian B 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundOut of school hours care (OSHC) services provide a unique opportunity to deliver early intervention programs to enhance primary school–aged children’s social, emotional, physical, and cognitive well-being; however, such programs are currently lacking.ObjectiveThis study aims to address the lack of well-being programs for children accessing OSHC services in the research literature by using participatory design (PD) to collaboratively develop and test an OSHC well-being program—the connect, promote, and protect program (CP3).MethodsThe study employed methods of PD, user (acceptance) testing, and iterative knowledge translation to develop a novel well-being program framework—CP3—with key stakeholders (eg, children, OSHC staff, volunteers, families, clinicians, educators, and researchers). Thematic techniques were used to interpret and translate the qualitative information obtained during the research and design cycles.ResultsThe co-design process generated the CP3 model, which comprises a group-based mentoring approach to facilitate enhanced activities in OSHC settings. Activities are underpinned by 4 key principles of program delivery: build well-being and resilience, broaden horizons, inspire and engage, and connect communities.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, the CP3 program is the first co-designed well-being program developed specifically for OSHC services. This co-design process is key to ensuring local community needs—particularly those of young people accessing OSHC—are met and that these individuals are meaningfully and actively involved in all stages of the research and design process, from conception to implementation, evaluation, and continuous improvement.
Self-reported Subjective Effects of Analytically Confirmed New Psychoactive Substances Consumed by e-Psychonauts: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study Using a New Internet-Based Methodology
Authors: Grifell Marc , Mir Fuster Guillem , Ventura Vilamala Mireia , Galindo Guarín Liliana , Carbón Mallol Xoán , Hart Carl L , Pérez Sola Víctor , Colom Victoriano Francesc 
Published: April 2021

Background
During the last few years, the continuous emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has become an important public health challenge. The use of NPS has been rising in two different ways: buying and consuming NPS knowingly and the presence of NPS in traditional drugs as adulterants. The rise of NPS use is increasing the number of different substances in the market to an extent impossible to study with current scientific methodologies. This has caused a remarkable absence of necessary information about newer drug effects on people who use drugs, mental health professionals, and policy makers. Current scientific methodologies have failed to provide enough data in the timeframe when critical decisions must be made, being not only too slow but also too square. Last but not least, they dramatically lack the high resolution of phenomenological details.

Objective
This study aims to characterize a population of e-psychonauts and the subjective effects of the NPS they used during the study period using a new, internet-based, fast, and inexpensive methodology. This will allow bridging an evidence gap between online surveys, which do not provide substance confirmation, and clinical trials, which are too slow and expensive to keep up with the new substances appearing every week.

Methods
To cover this purpose, we designed a highly personalized, observational longitudinal study methodology. Participants will be recruited from online communities of people who use NPS, and they will be followed online by means of a continuous objective and qualitative evaluation lasting for at least 1 year. In addition, participants will send samples of the substances they intend to use during that period, so they can be analyzed and matched with the effects they report on the questionnaires.

Results
The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Hospital del Mar Research Institute on December 11, 2018. Data collection started in August 2019 and was still ongoing when the protocol was submitted (September 2020). The first data collection period of the study ended in October 2020. Data analysis began in November 2020, and it is still ongoing. The authors expect to submit the first results for publication by the end of 2021. A preliminary analysis was conducted when the manuscript was submitted and was reviewed after it was accepted in February 2021.

Conclusions
It is possible to conduct an institutional review board–approved study using this new methodology and collect the expected data. However, the meaning and usefulness of these data are still unknown.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/24433