bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding ecology of broadbill swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the California Current
Authors: Preti Antonella , Stohs Stephen M. , DiNardo Gerard T. , Saavedra Camilo , MacKenzie Ken , Noble Leslie R. , Jones Catherine S. , Pierce Graham J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe feeding ecology of broadbill swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the California Current was described based on analysis of stomach contents collected by federal fishery observers aboard commercial drift gillnet boats from 2007 to 2014. Prey were identified to the lowest taxonomic level and diet composition was analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods. Of 299 swordfish sampled (74 to 245 cm eye-to-fork length), 292 non-empty stomachs contained remains from 60 prey taxa. Diet consisted mainly of cephalopods but also included epipelagic and mesopelagic teleosts. Jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) and Gonatopsis borealis were the most important prey based on the geometric index of importance. Swordfish diet varied with body size, location and year. Jumbo squid, Gonatus spp. and Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) were more important for larger swordfish, reflecting the ability of larger specimens to catch large prey. Jumbo squid, Gonatus spp. and market squid (Doryteuthis opalescens) were more important in swordfish diet in inshore waters, while G. borealis and Pacific hake predominated offshore. Jumbo squid was more important from 2007-2010 than in 2011-2014, with Pacific hake the most important prey item in the latter period. Diet variation by area and year probably reflects differences in swordfish preference, prey availability, prey distribution, and prey abundance. The range expansion of jumbo squid that occurred during the first decade of this century may particularly explain their prominence in swordfish diet from 2007-2010. Some factors that may influence dietary variation in swordfish were identified. Standardization could make future studies more comparable for conservation monitoring purposes.
A novel hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infection using a pseudotyped virus
Authors: Yamada Hiroshi , Sasaki Soichiro , Tani Hideki , Somekawa Mayu , Kawasuji Hitoshi , Saga Yumiko , Yoshida Yoshihiro , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Hayakawa Yoshihiro , Morinaga Yoshitomo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a biosafety level (BSL)-3 pathogen; therefore, its research environment is strictly limited. Pseudotyped viruses that mimic SARS-CoV-2 have been widely used for in vitro evaluation because they are available in BSL-2 containment laboratories; however, in vivo application is inadequate. Therefore, animal models that can be instigated with animal BSL-2 will increase opportunities for in vivo evaluations.MethodsHamsters (6-to 10-week-old males) were intratracheally inoculated with luciferase-expressing vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus. The lungs were harvested 24 h after inoculation, and luminescence was measured using an in vivo imaging system.ResultsLung luminescence after inoculation with the SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus increased in a dose-dependent manner. VSV-G (envelope [G]) pseudotyped virus also induced luminescence; however, a 100-fold concentration was required to reach a level similar to that of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus.ConclusionsThe SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus is applicable to SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections in a hamster model. Because of the single-round infectious virus, the model can be used to study the steps from viral binding to entry, which will be useful for future research regarding SARS-CoV-2 entry without using live SARS-CoV-2 or transgenic animals.
The APP procedure for estimating the Cohen's effect size
Authors: Chen Xiangfei , Trafimow David , Wang Tonghui , Tong Tingting , Wang Cong 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe authors derive the necessary mathematics, provide computer simulations, provide links to free and user-friendly computer programs, and analyze real data sets.Design/methodology/approachCohen'sd, which indexes the difference in means in standard deviation units, is the most popular effect size measure in the social sciences and economics. Not surprisingly, researchers have developed statistical procedures for estimating sample sizes needed to have a desirable probability of rejecting the null hypothesis given assumed values for Cohen'sd, or for estimating sample sizes needed to have a desirable probability of obtaining a confidence interval of a specified width. However, for researchers interested in using the sample Cohen'sdto estimate the population value, these are insufficient. Therefore, it would be useful to have a procedure for obtaining sample sizes needed to be confident that the sample. Cohen'sdto be obtained is close to the population parameter the researcher wishes to estimate, an expansion of thea prioriprocedure (APP). The authors derive the necessary mathematics, provide computer simulations and links to free and user-friendly computer programs, and analyze real data sets for illustration of our main results.FindingsIn this paper, the authors answered the following two questions: The precision question: How close do I want my sample Cohen'sdto be to the population value? The confidence question: What probability do I want to have of being within the specified distance?Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper for estimating Cohen's effect size, using the APP method. It is convenient for researchers and practitioners to use the online computing packages.
RSBY: delivering health insurance through public-private contracting
Authors: Maurya Dayashankar , Srivastava Amit Kumar , Mukherjee Sulagna 
Published: September 2021

Learning outcomes
The central lesson to be learned from studying the case is to understand the challenges and constraints posed by contextual conditions in designing contracts in public–private partnerships (PPP) for financing and delivering health care in emerging economies such as India.

Case overview/synopsis
Perverse incentives, along with contextual conditions, led to extensive opportunistic behaviors among involved agencies, limiting the effectiveness of otherwise highly regarded innovative design of the program.

Complexity academic level
India’s “Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana” or National Health Insurance Program, launched in 2007 provided free health insurance coverage to protect millions of low-income families from getting pushed into poverty due to catastrophic health-care expenditure. The program was implemented through a PPP using standardized contracts between multiple stakeholders from the public and private sector – insurance companies, hospitals, intermediaries, the provincial and federal government.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS: 10 Public Sector Management.
Do green women influencers spur sustainable consumption patterns? Descriptive evidences from social media influencers
Authors: Yıldırım Seda 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe adoption of digitalization and sustainability is key phenomenon that has changed perception and behaviors of people recently. As there is a rising power of digital communication by social media platforms, there is higher interaction between people globally. In addition, consumers can influence each other to adopt new consumption pattern. At this point, this paper aims to examine the role of green women influencers on promoting sustainable consumption patterns via social media platforms.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed qualitative research method. The study included four top-lists for green/sustainable social media influencers as a sample case. Then, the data were analyzed by descriptive content analysis. To determine the role of green women influencers in sustainable consumption, this study used classification and categorization technique through descriptive content analysis.FindingsThe study indicates that green women are seen as a primary social media influencer because of promoting sustainable consumption patterns in general. Especially, green women have more power to change consumption patterns via digital platforms. Green women social media influencers, who are micro-celebrities, share primary contents such as sustainable fashion, green foods, sustainable travel, sustainable lifestyle, conscious choices, green cosmetics and zero waste life to promote sustainable consumption patterns. Women social media influencers are much more effective than men influencers to transform society's consumption behaviors into sustainable consumption patterns.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides some qualitative findings based on the selected four top-listed green social media influencers by different social media platforms. Future studies can find out different results based on different sample cases and employ quantitative research methodology.Practical implicationsThe study suggests policymakers to cooperate with green women social media influencers to achieve sub-targets of 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Especially, it is suggested to cooperate with micro-celebrities or Internet celebrities to promote sustainable consumption patterns.Originality/valueThe study proves that women social media influencers have the essential role in promoting green/sustainable consumption patterns via digital platforms. In addition, green women influencers can guide their followers to adopt sustainable consumption patterns.
Segmenting local residents by perceptions of tourism impacts in Sapa, Vietnam: a cluster analysis
Authors: Nguyen Van Huy 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to employ social exchange and social representation theories to explain Kinh and Ethnic minorities’ perceptions toward tourism development in Sapa. A cluster analysis is used to segment their perceptions based on tourism impacts.Design/methodology/approachThe primary data collection involved a survey with local residents in Sapa, Vietnam.FindingsThe results from cluster analysis separate 357 local residents into three clusters which are supporters, pessimists and neutralists. The supportive cluster comprises mainly young, female and less-educated respondents who support tourism development because of their employment and income; however, the pessimistic cluster which mostly consists of highly educated and elder respondents show more concerns about tourism development. Demographic profiles of respondents are classified in each cluster, so that policymakers can put forward specific policy for each ethnic group.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this study is the high rate of incomplete responses in the questionnaires from ethnic minority groups.Practical implicationsBased on the findings of the study, implications are made for tourism planners and policymakers toward a future of more sustainable tourism development in the target context.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to segment the perceptions of Kinh and Ethnic minority groups toward tourism impacts in Sapa, Vietnam.
Assessing the outcomes of an active learning exercise
Authors: Gioiosa Marie Elaine , Kinkela Katherine 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose an alternative approach to the think-pair-share active learning method and assess it for outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThis paper evaluates student knowledge of the course content presented in the study (data analytics and artificial intelligence) using a pre- and post-test process with control (lecture-based) and test (active learning) groups. A mixed method approach was used. The quantitative portion included the test scores being analyzed statistically. The qualitative portion included analyzing the open-ended question on the post-test.FindingsThe results note that the active learning exercise improves student learning outcomes in a statistically significant manner (p < 0.001). The open-ended question on the post-test provides positive student feedback.Originality/valueThe active learning exercise used in this study offers an alternate approach to the “think” and “pair” portions of the think-pair-share method and determines whether learning outcomes are improved after implementation of the alternative method.
Culture, conflict and armed non-state actors: cultural heritage protection in a changing operating environment
Authors: Dunkley Mark 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis paper examines the implications, for States Parties, of the 1954 Convention safeguarding regime in the context of contemporary non-international armed conflict and ANSAs, with a general focus on the Middle East and in situ cultural property.Design/methodology/approachAs the nature of conflict changes and armed forces become further engaged in supporting peacekeeping operations and deliver training to host nation security forces, and human security becomes an increasingly important function of military operations, the protection of cultural heritage (as an expression of a people's identity) becomes a significant contribution to individual operations.FindingsInternational obligations to States Parties for the in situ protection of cultural heritage, under both International Humanitarian Law and HC54, become an ever increasing important responsibility for armed forces to help deliver.Research limitations/implicationsWhile NATO is increasingly focussed on the defence of western states parties from threats posed by the Russian Federation, and observing a commercially and military assertive China, a recent report issued by the Pentagon noted that the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is regrouping in Iraq faster than in Syria and could regain territory in six to twelve months in the absence of sustained military pressure.Practical implicationsPreservation in situ is used by heritage professionals to refer to the protection of a cultural heritage asset in its original location while the in situ protection of cultural property is a cornerstone topic of the 1954 Hague Convention Special Protection category. The Convention was drafted with international armed conflict in mind but the initial signatories to the Convention had sufficient foresight to consider non-international armed conflict and its potential effect on in situ cultural property by parties to the conflict, including Armed Non-State Actors (ANSA)Social implicationsUN Security Council Resolution 2449 (December 2018) recognized the negative impact of the presence, violent extremist ideology and actions on stability in Syria and the region of both Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and the Al-Nusrah Front (ANF). This includes not only the devastating humanitarian impact on civilian populations but also the unlawful destruction of cultural heritage.Originality/valueANSAs comprise individuals and groups that are wholly or partly independent of State governments and which threaten or use violence to achieve their goals, such as Islamic State. As such, the military operating environment has changed since 1954.
The effects of COVID-19 on small and medium-sized enterprises: empirical evidence from Jordan
Authors: Abuhussein Tala , Barham Husam , Al-Jaghoub Saheer 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in sudden changes in the macro environment and market behaviour, making most enterprises urgently reconfigure their business models to cope with changes following the COVID-19 outbreak. This paper aims to present empirical data on the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), highlighting the initial conclusions regarding their crisis management. It presents factual data on how SMEs in Jordan can use entrepreneurship to combat uncertainty and promote new opportunities.

Design/methodology/approach
This study involves an exploratory qualitative research design, drawing from 32 semi-structured interviews of key informants from Jordanian SMEs in different stages of the crisis. The different coping strategies of the SMEs and their effectiveness in the first six months of the pandemic are then compared.

Findings
The findings show how Jordanian SMEs have adapted to cope with the changes in the business environment because of COVID-19. These strategies include modifying their operations that is moving from an ordinary business model to more tentative digitalisation, improving internal communication and restructuring ad hoc organisational culture.

Originality/value
The study presents important and timely implications for managers of Jordanian SMEs and policymakers by increasing the sensitisation and awareness of SMEs’ coping mechanisms. It is the first study in management that empirically analyses the impact of COVID-19 on Jordanian SMEs.
An overview of tourism and hospitality scales: discussion and recommendations
Authors: Koc Erdogan , Yazici Ayyildiz Ahu 
Published: September 2021

PurposeScales play an important role in researching and understanding a field. This study aims to explore scales developed in hospitality and tourism to identify the trends and the gaps in the scale development studies with a view to make scale development recommendations for future studies.Design/methodology/approachThe study explores and analyses 253 scales developed from the perspectives of scope and methodology. The scales were first grouped into categories to identify trends and gaps in scale development to be able to make recommendations from the scope perspective. Then, for the methodology perspective, the scales were analysed according to various criteria such as sampling, reliability, validity and pilot testing reporting.FindingsThe study shows that while there are opportunities in some areas to develop newer scales, some areas appear to be saturated. It is important to note that all scales appear to be self-report scales which may result in the measurement of self-perceptions of people alone regarding a phenomenon. The study also pointed out some of the methodological shortcomings in the scales developed.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has both theoretical and practical implications. From a theoretical implications perspective, the study identified the overlaps and the gaps in scale development and provided several new scale development ideas concerning their scopes/topics and methodologies. From a practical perspective, the study shed light on the extent which the scales are relevant and useable by the practitioners in the tourism and hospitality establishments.Originality/valueThe study is original as there is no collective review of hospitality and tourism scales. The study identifies the trends, gaps, overlaps and some of the weaknesses of the scales developed and offers several valuable recommendations for the future.
Understanding Muslim’s switching from cash to m-payments: based on push-pull-mooring framework
Authors: Yusfiarto Rizaldi , Sunarsih Sunarsih , Darmawan Darmawan 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore a theoretical model using the push-pull-mooring framework which adopts both direct and moderating effects, in relation to building antecedents of Muslim switching intention (SI) from using cash to mobile payment (m-payment).

Design/methodology/approach
The data collected were 317 respondents, then processed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling approach (SEM-PLS). Furthermore, advanced PLS techniques such as PLS predict, blindfolding and importance-performance map analysis are used to verify the statistical analysis of findings.

Findings
This research underlines the importance of religious commitment factor when talking about Muslims SI to use m-payment. Moreover, the features of m-payment, such as enjoyment, efficiency, security and convenience, have contributed to the driving and attracting factors for Muslim individuals to switch from cash to m-payment.

Practical implications
Fundamentally it is highly recommended that the highest concentration of service provider strategies is always obeying the principles of Islamic finance, with regard to the Muslim community as their target market. Specific to the government, the distribution of supporting infrastructure and literacy of new technologies such as m-payment are still important points in an effort to create a cashless society.

Originality/value
The model in this study emphasizes the internal and external construction of a Muslim in relation to the behavior of SI from using cash to m-payment. Thus, the construction of the model that has been built is considered to bring more relevant factors to explain the m-payment adoption behavior of a Muslim from various perspectives.
Investigating various factors that affect students' adoption intention to technology-enhanced learning
Authors: Dubey Pushkar , Sahu Kailash Kumar 
Published: September 2021

PurposeTechnology-enhanced learning (TEL), undoubtedly, creates a big difference in higher education students' knowledge and growth, which helps them become globally competitive in the job market eventually. The present study aims to investigate the effect of various factors, i.e. informational quality, compatibility, resource availability, subjective norms, subject interest, institutional branding and self-efficacy on students' adoption intention to TEL enrolled in different government and private educational institutes in Chhattisgarh state.Design/methodology/approachThe primary data were collected from 600 students from different universities and colleges using purposive sampling technique with “criterion sampling”. Hierarchal multiple regression (stepwise) analysis was used on the collected data.FindingsResults concluded that factors, i.e. compatibility, resource availability, subjective norms, subject interest and institutional branding are significantly and positively influencing students' adoption intention to TEL in Chhattisgarh, whereas self-efficacy and informational quality of TEL did not contribute significant effect for students' adoption intention.Originality/valueThere is a lack of research in the knowledge domain, especially in the field of TEL, in the state of Chhattisgarh. The different variables taken in the present study, such as informational quality, self-efficacy, institutional branding, subjective norms, resource availability, compatibility and subject interest of TEL, are the first of its kind where these variables are being examined on the students' adoption intention to TEL.