bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Major Meta-Analysis, Randomized Clinical Studies, and International Consensus on Serum Levels and Importance of Supplementing Vitamin D: State of the art
Authors: Zotarelli Filho Idiberto José , Garcia Ramirez Ana Valéria , Ribas Filho Durval 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent and constitutes a public health problem worldwide. It can affect more than 90% of individuals, depending on the population studied. Objective: To make a broad analysis of the world literature to compose the State of the Art on serum vitamin D levels and its adequate supplementation, to prevent and mitigate various diseases, based on randomized clinical studies, analysis, and latest international conferences and consensus. Methods: The present study followed a literary review of randomized clinical studies, meta-analysis, and the latest international consensus. Cochrane instrument was adopted to assess the quality of the included studies between 2015 and 2020. Major considerations and conclusion: Laboratory evaluation should be performed by measuring 25(OH)D, and the main groups of individuals at risk for vitamin D deficiency are the elderly, patients with osteoporosis, history of falls and fractures, obese, pregnant women, and infants. For patients with osteoporosis and increased risk of fractures, recommended that concentrations of 25(OH)D remain above 30 ng/mL for full benefits on the prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism, decreased risk of falls. Special considerations must have taken to pregnant women and infants, in patients with chronic renal failure, obese patients, and those undergoing bariatric surgery. Several clinical studies and current meta-analysis have shown significant results with vitamin D supplementation in cardiovascular complications, diabetes, cancer, autoimmune diseases, cognitive function, among others, with doses above 30 ng/mL, reaching up to 70 ng/mL, and maintaining serum dosage at 50 ng/mL.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MUTU KINERJA AUDITOR DENGAN ETOS KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING
Authors: Saraswati S. Nur Ummi , Waru Tenri , Mude Hajering 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi mutu kinerja auditor dengan etos kerja sebagai variabel moderating. Data yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu dari para Auditor yang bekerja di Kantor Inspektorat Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang menjadi responden. Untuk mengumpulkan data digunakan data primer yang diperoleh melalui pembagian lembar kuesioner yang berisi pernyataan-pernyataan yang ditujukan kepada 49 responden. Pada penelitian ini metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linier berganda dan analisis regresi moderasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekanan anggaran waktu, integritas, dan motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap mutu kinerja auditor. Dan etos kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hubungan antara tekanan anggaran waktu, integritas, motivasi terhadap mutu kinerja auditor. Hal ini berarti semakin tinggi tingkat tekanan anggaran waktu, integritas, motivasi, dan etos kerja seorang auditor maka akan sangat mempengaruhi mutu kinerja auditor yang akan semakin baik.
KINERJA BAGIAN HUKUM DAN ORGANISASI SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KOTA BAUBAU DALAM ERA OTONOMI
Authors: Sadat Anwar 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kinerja Bagian Hukum dan Organisasi Sekretariat Daerah Kota Baubau dalam era otonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Jenis penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian langsung ke Kantor Sekretariat Kota Baubau, tepatnya Bagian Hukum dan Organisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kinerja Bagian Hukum dan Organisasi Sekretariat Daerah Kota Baubau bila dilihat dari tugas dan fungsi secara aktual yang dilaksanakannya sehari-hari dalam era otonomi sekarang ini masih rendah dan belum optimal, masih banyak hanya sekedar ide belaka dan belum ditindaklanjuti secara nyata. Rendahnya kinerja Bagian Hukum dan Organisasi dipengaruhi oleh faktor profesionalisme dan faktor struktur. Hal tersebut dibuktikan juga dari hasil penelitian aspek pembagian tugas yang belum jelas dan masih terdapat tumpang tindih pekerjaan, begitu pula dari aspek kewenangan yang belum sepenuhnya diserahkan kepada pegawai sesuai dengan kedudukan dan jabatan yang ada. Yang mana semuanya itu mennyebabkan rendahnya faktor struktur yang ada pada Bagian Hukum dan Organisasi Sekretariat Daerah Kota Baubau.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH WILAYAH PERKOTAAN KOTA WANGI-WANGI KABUPATEN WAKATOBI
Authors: Agusman Agusman 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Tingkat Kebutuhan Air Bersih Wilayah Perkotaan Kota Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kebutuhan air bersih daerah pelayanan Kota Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi tahun 2028 menurut jumlah penduduk sebesar 31,82 liter/detik, Kebutuhan air bersih menurut prediksi masing-masing jenis pelanggan adalah 15,48 liter/detik. Kekurangan debit pompa produksi yang dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih wilayah Kota Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi pada tahun 2028 adalah sebesar 2,48 liter/detik.
Evaluation of error factors depending on ultrasonic transmitted beamwidth in measurement of myocardial minute velocity
Authors: Sugahara Kana , Mori Shohei , Arakawa Mototaka , Kanai Hiroshi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A measurement by transmitting ultrasonic non-focusing beams increases the temporal resolution but causes an error in the velocity measurements because of the lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) caused by the lower transmitted power and the lower spatial resolution. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between the SNR and the transmitted beamwidth by the phantom experiment. The SNR decreased as the beamwidth became wider, and the measurement error increased when SNR was lower than 10 dB. Furthermore, the error factor due to the low spatial resolution more affected the measurement error than that due to the low transmitted power.
Mechanism of pulsed electric field enzyme activity change and pulsed discharge permeabilization of agricultural products
Authors: Ohshima Takayuki , Tanino Takanori , Guionet Alexis , Takahashi Katsuyuki , Takaki Koichi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
High-voltage pulsed electric fields (PEF) and pulsed discharge plasmas have received a great deal of attention in the fields of biochemistry, medicine, agriculture and food industry. The destruction phenomenon of cell membranes has been confirmed by PEF and discharge plasma, and it can be used for inactivating microorganisms and extracting cell contents. In recent years, it has been reported that PEF changes the activity of proteins such as enzymes. This review describes how PEF and pulsed discharge plasma function in enzyme activity change and permeabilization in food processing. It is thought that PEF affects the three-dimensional structure of proteins, and research is underway. Here, we will introduce the latest research results on the mechanism of enzyme activity change by PEF. In addition, we will introduce the latest research on changes in cell permeability using shock waves caused by the pulsed discharge plasma.
Analisis Peran Kepala Daerah terhadap Perubahan Kompetensi Ekonomi Warga Pesisir Batu Belubang–Bangka Tengah
Authors: Sabri Kevin , Kurniadi Ahmad 
Published: April 2021

Pilkada merupakan singkatan dari pemilihan kepala daeeah yang di lakukan secara langsung oleh penduduk daerah administratif setempat yang memenuhi syarat dan pemilihan kepala daerah di lakukan satu paket bersama dengan wakil kepala daerah karna masuk ke dalam sektor peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial untuk meningkatkan kualitas ekonomi yang baik ketika penduduk ikut berpartisipasi dalam pemilu (pemilihan umum) serta yang terkusus ikut dalam pemilihan kepala daerah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui analisis peran kepala daerah terhadap perubahan kompetensi ekonomi warga pesisir batu belubang Bangka tengah. Kompetisi ekonomi merupakan bentuk dari sarana dan prasarana suatu pembangunan di suatu daerah yang kemudian membentuk ekonomi yang berkualitas dalam jangka panjang. Maka pemilihan kepala daerah suatu harapan masyarakat bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi untuk kemajuan daerah tersebut dengan hal ini tentu harus di iringi dengan partisipasi warga dalam pilkada. Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui peran kepala daerah terhadap perubahan kompetensi ekonomi warga pesisir batu belubang Bangka tengah adapun hasil penelitian dalam jurnal ini berdasarkan data penduduk tahun 2014 berjumlah 1.106kk dan 3.238 penduduk 1.619 jiwa yang terkonfirmasi pertumbuhan ekonominya ketergantungan dari pekerjaan nelayan dan tidak adanya sarana dan prasarana bantuan dari kepala daerah.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for medical students: a narrative review
Authors: Polle Emma , Gair Jane 
Published: April 2021

Background: Medical students are at high risk of depression, distress and burnout, which may adversely affect patient safety. There has been growing interest in mindfulness in medical education to improve medical student well-being. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a commonly used, standardized format for teaching mindfulness skills. Previous research has suggested that MBSR may be of particular benefit for medical students. This narrative review aims to further investigate the benefits of MBSR for undergraduate medical students.
Methods: A search of the literature was performed using MedLine, Embase, ERIC, PSYCInfo, and CINAHL to identify relevant studies. A total of 102 papers were identified with this search. After review and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 papers were included in the study.
Results: MBSR training for medical students was associated with increased measures of psychological well-being and self-compassion, as well as improvements in stress, psychological distress and mood. Evidence for effect on empathy was mixed, and the single paper measuring burnout showed no effect. Two studies identified qualitative themes which provided context for the quantitative results.
Conclusions: MBSR benefits medical student well-being and decreases medical student psychological distress and depression.
Crystal Chemistry of Zemannite-Type Structures: III. Keystoneite, the Ni2+-Analogue of Zemannite, and Ferrotellurite Discredited
Authors: Missen Owen P. , Back Malcolm E. , Mills Stuart J. , Roberts Andrew C. , LePage Yvon , Pinch William W. , Mandarino Joseph A. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Keystoneite (IMA87–049) is a tellurite mineral from the Keystone mine, Magnolia District, Boulder County, Colorado, USA. In this paper the first full description of keystoneite is presented. Keystoneite is the Ni2+ analogue of zemannite and has the ideal zemannite-like formula of Mg0.5Ni2+Fe3+(Te4+O3)3·4H2O. The chemical composition via electron-probe micro-analysis (in wt.%; standard deviations in brackets) is Na2O 0.3 (0.2), K2O 0.1 (0.0), MgO 4.3 (0.3), Mn2O3 1.1 (0.7), Fe2O3 5.1 (1.2), NiO 12.7 (1.7), and TeO2 65.5 (0.7). H2O was determined by TGA analysis, giving 15(3) wt.% H2O, however, H2O from the structural determination gave 10.0 wt.%, the latter giving an analytical total of 99.1 wt.%. Keystoneite crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric space group P63. The six strongest observed powder-diffraction lines [d,Å(I)(hkl)] are 8.12(90)(100), 4.05(80)(200), 2.952(50)(112), 2.838(50)(121,211), 2.774(100)(202), and 1.720(60)(204). The unit-cell parameters determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction are a = 9.3667(5) Å, c = 7.6173(3) Å, V = 578.77(6) Å3, and Z = 2. Keystoneite was first identified from a specimen of “ferrotellurite”, a mineral with the reported formula Fe2+Te6+O4. The discreditation of “ferrotellurite” has been accepted by the IMA-CNMNC, Proposal 19-G, as no material corresponding to a phase remotely similar to Fe2+Te6+O4 was found on any historical samples labelled as containing “ferrotellurite”.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Bermain Peran (Role Playing) terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran PPKn pada Materi Sumpah Pemuda dalam Bingkai Bhineka Tunggal Ika
Authors: Misbahudin Misbahudin 
Published: April 2021

Mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) menjadi salah satu mata pelajaran yang memiliki tujuan untuk menumbuhkan nilai-nilai dan kebangsaan peserta didik selain juga untuk meningkatkan aspek pengetahuan yang diukur melalui hasil belajar. Namun, banyak peserta didik menganggap pelajaran PPKn tidak menarik dan membosankan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran bermain peran terhadap hasil beajar dan semangat kebangsaan siswa. Desain penelitian ini adalah pretest-postest one group design. Dalam desain ini, observasi dilakukan dua kali, yaitu sebelum dan sesudah eksperimen. Observasi yang dilakukan sebelum eksperimen disebut pretes dan observasi sesudah eksperimen disebut postes. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan instrumen tes berbentuk pilihan ganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran bermain peran yang telah memenuhi uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa SMP Karakter, Depok yang dipilih secara purposif sampling. Analisis data hasil belajar menggunakan uji-t untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif model pembelajaran bermain peran terhadap hasil siswa dan semangat kebangsaan pada materi Sumpah Pemuda, mata pelajaran PPKn.
Pengembangan Model Numbered Heads Together Secara Daring dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Nilai Pancasila dan Pembentukan Karakter Disiplin
Authors: Huninhatu Absalom Frets , Pudjiastuti Sri Rahayu , Sutisna Mohamad 
Published: April 2021

Model mengajar dapat dipahami sebagai kerangka konseptual yang mendeskripsikan dan melukiskan prosedur yang sistematik dalam mengorganisasikan pengalaman belajar dan pembelajaran untuk mencapai tujuan belajar tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data empiris dengan penggunaan model Numbered Heads Together (NHT) secara daring. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D). Subyek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Ignatius Slamet Riyadi Jakarta yang terdiri dari 28 peserta didik sebagai informan, dan sebagai kay informan adalah guru bidang study PPKn. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model NHT secara daring efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan membentuk karakter peserta didik SMP Ignatius Slamet Riyadi, keberhasilan tindakan ditandai dengan 75% dari jumlah siswa yang mengikuti proses pembelajaran telah memperoleh nilai 73. Hal ini terbukti dari rata-rata nilai kelas pada pretes=62; pada ujicoba produk I=54; ujicoba produk II=73; dan ujicoba produk III=88. Dengan prosentase ketuntasan dari pretes peserta didik=7,14% meningkat menjadi 14,2% pada ujicoba produk I, kemudian pada ujicoba produk II=46,4% meningkat lagi menjadi 100% pada ujicoba produk III. dan dikategorikan tuntas atau tercapai dengan KBM sebesar 73.
Banking innovations: security technology solution
Authors: Stashchuk Olena , Martyniuk Rostyslav 
Published: April 2021

The article identifies the essence of the concept of banking innovations and their role in the financial security of banking institutions. Features of development of technological banking innovations in Ukraine, including in the conditions of influence of COVID-19 are considered. The characteristics of banking innovations are considered, the criteria to be met by banking innovations both on the part of the client and on the part of the bank are identified. The classification of banking innovations according to such features as: by time aspect, by novelty, by causes of occurrence, by volume of influence, by influence on behavior, by scale of innovation, etc. is given. It is proved that the financial security of a banking institution should provide protection of banks from the impact of external and internal threats, as well as minimize the level of their negative impact. The basic principles of financial security of banking innovations in order to ensure the stable development of the latter are described. It is established that the most relevant and in demand in the market in the development of coronavirus infection were such technological innovations of remote capabilities as: contactless payments, online services, mobile banking applications, electronic money transfers, virtual cards. The peculiarities of the use of technological innovations by banking institutions in Ukraine and their impact on the security of banking institutions and customers are noted.
In order to conduct the study, such general scientific and specific research methods were used as: the logical method, the method of analysis and synthesis, the system method, the method of theoretical generalization, the grouping method, the expert method and the method of logical analysis.
METAL: The Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud Hubble Program. II. Variations of Interstellar Depletions and Dust-to-gas Ratio within the LMC
Authors: Roman-Duval Julia , Jenkins Edward B. , Tchernyshyov Kirill , Williams Benjamin , Clark Christopher J. R. , Gordon Karl D. , Meixner Margaret , Hagen Lea , Peek Joshua , Sandstrom Karin , Werk Jessica , Yanchulova Merica-Jones Petia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A key component of the baryon cycle in galaxies is the depletion of metals from the gas to the dust phase in the neutral interstellar medium (ISM). The METAL (Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud) program on the Hubble Space Telescope acquired UV spectra toward 32 sight lines in the half-solar metallicity LMC, from which we derive interstellar depletions (gas-phase fractions) of Mg, Si, Fe, Ni, S, Zn, Cr, and Cu. The depletions of different elements are tightly correlated, indicating a common origin. Hydrogen column density is the main driver for depletion variations. Correlations are weaker with volume density, probed by C i fine-structure lines, and distance to the LMC center. The latter correlation results from an east–west variation of the gas-phase metallicity. Gas in the east, compressed side of the LMC encompassing 30 Doradus and the southeast H i over-density is enriched by up to +0.3 dex, while gas in the west side is metal deficient by up to −0.5 dex. Within the parameter space probed by METAL, no correlation with molecular fraction or radiation-field intensity are found. We confirm the factor of three to four increase in dust-to-metal and dust-to-gas ratios between the diffuse (log N(H) ∼ 20 cm−2) and molecular (log N(H) ∼ 22 cm−2) ISM observed from far-infrared, 21 cm, and CO observations. The variations of dust-to-metal and dust-to-gas ratios with column density have important implications for the sub-grid physics of chemical evolution, gas and dust mass estimates throughout cosmic times, and for the chemical enrichment of the Universe measured via spectroscopy of damped Lyα systems.
Mapping Milky Way Halo Substructure Using Stars in the Extended Blue Tail of the Horizontal Branch
Authors: Gryncewicz Robert , Newberg Heidi Jo , Martin Charles , Donlon II Thomas , Amy Paul M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Although blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars are commonly used to trace halo substructure, the stars bluer than (g − r) < −0.3 are ignored owing to the difficulty in determining their absolute magnitudes. The blue extension of the horizontal branch (HBX) includes BHB tail stars and extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars. We present a method for identifying HBX stars in the field, using spectra and photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 14 (SDSS DR14). We derive an estimate for the absolute magnitudes of BHB tail and EHB stars as a function of color and use this relationship to calculate distances. We identify an overdensity of HBX stars that appears to trace the northern end of the Hercules-Aquila Cloud. We identify three stars that are likely part of a tidal stream, but this is not enough stars to explain the observed overdensity. Combining SDSS data with Gaia DR2 proper motions allows us to show that the majority of the HBX stars in the overdensity are on high-eccentricity orbits similar to those in the Virgo Radial Merger/Gaia–Enceladus/Gaia Sausage structure and that the overdensity of high-eccentricity orbits extends all the way to the Virgo Overdensity. We use stellar kinematics to separate the HBX stars into disk stars and halo stars. The halo stars are primarily on highly eccentric (radial) orbits. The fraction of HBX stars that are EHBs is highest in the disk population and lowest in the low-eccentricity halo stars.
Superposed Epoch Analysis of Galactic Cosmic Rays and Solar Wind based on ACE Observations During Two Recent Solar Minima
Authors: Guo Xiaocheng , Florinski Vladimir , Wang Chi , Ghanbari Keyvan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Based on galactic cosmic ray (GCR) and plasma observations from the ACE spacecraft, in this work, we analyze the relation between the GCR counts and the solar wind parameters during two recent two solar minima (for the years 2007.0–2009.0, and 2016.5–2018.5) by means of the superposed epoch analysis (SEA) method. The results indicate that GCRs are strongly modulated by the co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) in the solar wind, and that the occurrences of stream interfaces (SIs) between fast and slow solar wind are correlated with a depression in GCR counts. The so-called “snow plow” effect of GCR variation prior to SI crossing appears during the first solar minimum, and the GCR counts decrease after the crossing, corresponding to a sudden drop in the diffusion coefficient at the SIs. The gradient of GCR counts shows that the transport efficiency of GCRs is low (high), relative to slow (fast) solar wind. However, during the second solar minimum, we see a completely opposite scenario; the “snow plow” effect is not observed, and GCR transport becomes faster in slow solar wind, and slower in fast solar wind. In addition, heliospheric current-sheet crossings also correlate with GCR counts. Particles drift along the current sheet, then accumulate in a pileup structure, where diffusion and drift effects may be balanced. It is found that the drift effect rivals the diffusion and convection on the GCR transport at 1 au during the two solar minima.
Consistency Analysis of a Dark Matter Velocity-dependent Force as an Alternative to the Cosmological Constant
Authors: Loeve Karoline , Nielsen Kristine Simone , Hansen Steen H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A range of cosmological observations demonstrate an accelerated expansion of the universe, and the most likely explanation of this phenomenon is a cosmological constant. Given the importance of understanding the underlying physics, it is relevant to investigate alternative models. This article uses numerical simulations to test the consistency of one such alternative model. Specifically, this model has no cosmological constant; instead, the dark matter particles have an extra force proportional to the velocity squared, somewhat reminiscent of the magnetic force in electrodynamics. The constant strength of the force is the only free parameter. Because bottom-up structure formation creates cosmological structures whose internal velocity dispersions increase in time, this model may mimic the temporal evolution of the effect from a cosmological constant. It is shown that models with force linearly proportional to internal velocities, or models proportional to velocity to power 3 or more, cannot mimic the accelerated expansion induced by a cosmological constant. However, models proportional to velocity squared are still consistent with the temporal evolution of a universe with a cosmological model.