bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel geo-hierarchical population mobility model for spatial spreading of resurgent epidemics
Authors: Topîrceanu Alexandru , Precup Radu-Emil 
Published: July 2021

AbstractComputational models for large, resurgent epidemics are recognized as a crucial tool for predicting the spread of infectious diseases. It is widely agreed, that such models can be augmented with realistic multiscale population models and by incorporating human mobility patterns. Nevertheless, a large proportion of recent studies, aimed at better understanding global epidemics, like influenza, measles, H1N1, SARS, and COVID-19, underestimate the role of heterogeneous mixing in populations, characterized by strong social structures and geography. Motivated by the reduced tractability of studies employing homogeneous mixing, which make conclusions hard to deduce, we propose a new, very fine-grained model incorporating the spatial distribution of population into geographical settlements, with a hierarchical organization down to the level of households (inside which we assume homogeneous mixing). In addition, population is organized heterogeneously outside households, and we model the movement of individuals using travel distance and frequency parameters for inter- and intra-settlement movement. Discrete event simulation, employing an adapted SIR model with relapse, reproduces important qualitative characteristics of real epidemics, like high variation in size and temporal heterogeneity (e.g., waves), that are challenging to reproduce and to quantify with existing measures. Our results pinpoint an important aspect, that epidemic size is more sensitive to the increase in distance of travel, rather that the frequency of travel. Finally, we discuss implications for the control of epidemics by integrating human mobility restrictions, as well as progressive vaccination of individuals.
Cold bubble humidification of low-flow oxygen does not prevent acute changes in inflammation and oxidative stress at nasal mucosa
Authors: Santana Lauriana Alves , Bezerra Suellen Karoline Moreira , Saraiva-Romanholo Beatriz Mangueira , Yamaguti Wellington Pereira , de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério Iolanda , dos Santos Tabata Maruyama , Righetti Renato Fraga 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSome clinical situations require the use of oxygen therapy for a few hours without hypoxemia. However, there are no literature reports on the effects of acute oxygen therapy on the nasal mucosa. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of cold bubble humidification or dry oxygen on nasal Inflammation, oxidative stress, mucociliary clearance, and nasal symptoms. This is a randomized controlled cross-sectional study in which healthy subjects were randomly allocated into four groups: (1) CA + DRY (n = 8): individuals receiving dry compressed air; (2) OX + DRY (n = 8): individuals receiving dry oxygen therapy; (3) CA + HUMID (n = 7): individuals receiving cold bubbled humidified compressed air; (4) OX + HUMID (n = 8): individuals receiving cold bubbled humidified oxygen therapy. All groups received 3 L per minute (LPM) of the oxygen or compressed air for 1 h and were evaluated: total and differential cells in the nasal lavage fluid (NLF), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), 8-iso-PGF2α levels, saccharin transit test, nasal symptoms, and humidity of nasal cannula and mucosa. Cold bubble humidification is not able to reduced nasal inflammation, eNO, oxidative stress, mucociliary clearance, and nasal mucosa moisture. However, subjects report improvement of nasal dryness symptoms (P < 0.05). In the conclusion, cold bubble humidification of low flow oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula did not produce any effect on the nasal mucosa and did not attenuate the oxidative stress caused by oxygen. However, it was able to improve nasal symptoms arising from the use of oxygen therapy.
Tipping point realized in cod fishery
Authors: Möllmann Christian , Cormon Xochitl , Funk Steffen , Otto Saskia A. , Schmidt Jörn O. , Schwermer Heike , Sguotti Camilla , Voss Rudi , Quaas Martin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnderstanding tipping point dynamics in harvested ecosystems is of crucial importance for sustainable resource management because ignoring their existence imperils social-ecological systems that depend on them. Fisheries collapses provide the best known examples for realizing tipping points with catastrophic ecological, economic and social consequences. However, present-day fisheries management systems still largely ignore the potential of their resources to exhibit such abrupt changes towards irreversible low productive states. Using a combination of statistical changepoint analysis and stochastic cusp modelling, here we show that Western Baltic cod is beyond such a tipping point caused by unsustainable exploitation levels that failed to account for changing environmental conditions. Furthermore, climate change stabilizes a novel and likely irreversible low productivity state of this fish stock that is not adapted to a fast warming environment. We hence argue that ignorance of non-linear resource dynamics has caused the demise of an economically and culturally important social-ecological system which calls for better adaptation of fisheries systems to climate change.
Sirt6-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 activation alleviates angiotensin II-induced DNA DSBs and apoptosis in podocytes
Authors: Fan Yanqin , Cheng Jing , Yang Qian , Feng Jun , Hu Jijia , Ren Zhilong , Yang Hongxia , Yang Dingping , Ding Guohua 
Published: July 2021

Sirt6 upregulation inhibited Ang II-induced ROS generation and DNA DSBs in podocytes, and it shows the cytoprotective effects in podocytes via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Sirt6 may be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of CKD.
Co3Fe7 nanoparticles encapsulated in porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers as bifunctional electrocatalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries
Authors: Liu Miaomiao , He Yulong , Zhang Jintao 
Published: July 2021

The reliable electrospinning-calcination method was demonstrated to synthesize Co3Fe7 nanoparticles embedded porous carbon nanofiber as bifunctional electrocatalysts for high-performance zinc air batteries.
L’objet voilé
Authors: Samacher Robert 
Published: July 2021

Quelle est la fonction du voilement du corps dans les religions monothéistes et les sociétés patriarcales ? Le voilement du corps de la femme répond à l’angoisse de castration chez l’homme, ce dernier substitue un objet ersatz qui vient voiler l’absence de pénis chez la femme, castration qu’elle doit assumer en se faisant porteuse de l’objet cause de désir pour l’homme, soit l’objeta.Chaque structure répond par un objet ersatz à l’absence de pénis chez la femme. L’homme de structure perverse fétichise un objet particulier prélevé sur le corps de la mère, substitut du pénis qui dénie la castration de la mère. De nos jours, le courant intégriste de l’Islam impose différents vêtements (voile, burqa, burkini) qui recouvrent le corps de la femme en le fétichisant, ils font de ces objets des objets de consommation qui entrent dans le circuit capitaliste, ils deviennent ainsi semblant d’objetacause de désir, rien d’autre que des lathouses qui participent à une stratégie de voilement de la vérité de sujets en quête d’idéalité qui sont embrigadés dans des idéologies politiques et religieuses totalitaires. L’Islamisme radical prône une idéologie de destruction de l’autre différent comme acte de salubrité tentant ainsi de mettre une frontière entre le pur et l’impur à éliminer ouvrant ainsi la porte d’un paradis qui inscrit une non-limite entre la vie et la mort passant par la jouissance des biens dont le corps de vierges à posséder. Cette idéologie religieuse octroie un pouvoir de négativité à un garant de l’Un qui récompense ou qui se venge. La parole absolue d’un Dieu vengeur fait loi, ses affidés sont identifiés à son bras armé, le champ de la haine lui est alors ouvert pour détruire tous ceux qui ne sont pas les « mêmes » dans un projet identitaire.
Stand-Alone KVT-basierte Interventionen via Smartphone zur Förderung der psychischen Gesundheit
Authors: Anna Marciniak Marta , Shanahan Lilly , Rohde Judith , Ehrt Yamina , Schulz Ava , Wackerhagen Carolin , Kobylińska Dorota , Tüscher Olivier , Binder Harald , Walter Henrik , Kalisch Raffael , Kleim Birgit 
Published: July 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Einleitung Eine wachsende Zahl psychologischer Behandlungsangebote erfolgt über das Smartphone, bzw. über Apps. Viele der wissenschaftlich geprüften Apps basieren auf den Prinzipien der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie (KVT), Goldstandard zur Behandlung vieler psychischer Problematiken. Ziel dieses Reviews war es, den Status Quo der Forschung zu Stand-Alone Smartphone-basierten Apps zusammenzufassen, welche auf diesen therapeutischen Ansätzen basieren und mittels App-basierten Ecological Momentary Interventions (EMIs) durchgeführt werden.
Methode Eine systematische Literaturrecherche in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase und PubMed identifizierte 26 zwischen 2007 und 2020 publizierte, peer-reviewte Studien, in denen Durchführbarkeit und/oder Wirksamkeit und/oder Effektivität von KVT-basierten EMIs sowohl in Studiendesigns mit inter- als auch intraindividuellen Vergleichen, sowohl bei gesunden als auch klinischen Stichproben untersucht wurden. Gemischte Interventionen (blended interventions), z. B. App-basierte Behandlungen in Kombination mit klassischer Psychotherapie wurden nicht mitberücksichtigt.
Ergebnisse KVT-basierte EMIs wurden von Teilnehmern angenommen, verbesserten das Wohlbefinden der Nutzer signifikant und reduzierten Symptome psychischer Störungen. Stand-Alone EMIs wurden von den Teilnehmenden als hilfreich (M = 70,8 %) und bezüglich der Outcomes als zufriedenstellend (M = 72,6 %) eingeschätzt.
Schlussfolgerung In Summe zeigten die Studien, dass EMIs dazu beitragen können, die psychische Gesundheit zu verbessern und damit Individuen in ihrem täglichen Leben zu unterstützen. Sie bieten somit eine unmittelbar verfügbare, skalierbare und evidenzbasierte Form der Unterstützung psychischer Gesundheit. Diese Charakteristiken sind nicht zuletzt relevant im Kontext der Bemühungen, die individuellen und ökonomischen Kosten psychischer Erkrankungen zu reduzieren, wie auch im Kontext globaler Pandemien.
Corneal Parameters in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kiliç Soner , Gündogan Medine 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the corneal topographic parameter values measured with the Pentacam Scheimpflug system in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods A total of 108 eyes of 62 MS patients were studied. In addition to a complete examination of anterior and posterior segments, all patients were scanned using the Pentacam
Scheimpflug camera. The diagnosis of MS was made according to the McDonald criteria. All MS patients were clinically assessed using the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS).
Results The mean age was 38.89 ± 10.18 years (36.16 – 41.30) for MS patients and 40.94 ± 9.44 years (38.49 – 43.11) for the controls (p = 0.26). Only central corneal thickness (CCT)
and corneal volume (CV) values were significantly lower in MS patients (p < 0.001). The other corneal parameters were not significantly different between the study eyes and control eyes
(p > 0.05 for all). Pachymetric measurements at the corneal apex were 525.69 ± 29.35 (518.29 – 533.67) µm for the study eyes versus 563.13 ± 23.70 (562.13 – 576.36) µm for the control
eyes. CV were 59.22 ± 4.11(58.18 – 60.20) mm3 for the study eyes versus 62.78 ± 3.09 (62.38 – 64.00) mm3 for the control eyes.
Conclusion This is the first study that has reported lower CCT and CV measurements in MS patients than healthy subjects of a similar age. These results should be supported by further
studies.
Changes in political trust in Britain during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: integrated public opinion evidence and implications
Authors: Davies Ben , Lalot Fanny , Peitz Linus , Heering Maria S. , Ozkececi Hilal , Babaian Jacinta , Davies Hayon Kaya , Broadwood Jo , Abrams Dominic 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we document changes in political trust in the UK throughout 2020 so as to consider wider implications for the ongoing handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed data from 18 survey organisations with measures on political trust (general, leadership, and COVID-19-related) spanning the period December 2019–October 2020. We examined the percentage of trust and distrust across time, identifying where significant changes coincide with national events. Levels of political trust were low following the 2019 UK General Election. They rose at the onset of UK lockdown imposed in March 2020 but showed persistent gradual decline throughout the remainder of the year, falling to pre-COVID levels by October 2020. Inability to sustain the elevated political trust achieved at the onset of the pandemic is likely to have made the management of public confidence and behaviour increasingly challenging, pointing to the need for strategies to sustain trust levels when handling future crises.
Bilingual students’ attitudes toward the Tibetan language
Authors: Gan Yongtao , Sude Sude  
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study investigates bilingual students’ attitudes toward the Tibetan language, examining the structural models of the attitudes of Tibetan students and the differences in attitudes between living communities and as moderated by learning years (comparing Tibet-based and Han-based communities). The participants were 1,118 Tibetan students in the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China. The results indicated the following: (i) the data supported the three components of attitude (Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral) in terms of bilingual students’ perception of the Tibetan language; (ii) the five lower-level domains of the attitudes toward the Tibetan language can be grouped into two categories – Cognitive (self-concept of the Tibetan language and social status) and Affective (friendliness, helpfulness, and identification) – and there is a causal relationship between them; and (iii) there are significant differences in attitudes toward the Tibetan language dependent on living community and learning year. Practical suggestions for educators in schools for bilingual students learning the Tibetan language are discussed.
Emotional engagement in expressive writing
Authors: Sabo Mordechay Daphna , Eviatar Zohar , Nir Bracha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

HaCohen et al. (2018) identified three types of narratives that emerge
in the context of integrating a difficult event into one’s life story. We use their identification while focusing on the quality
of emotional involvement evidenced in texts, and combining it with an abstract-content text analysis. This allows us to quantify
emotional engagement in Expressive Writing (EW) texts. We analyze personal-experience narratives produced in EW, and examine
whether good EW outcome cases (in terms of well-being improvement) would be characterized with different types of narratives than
poor outcome cases. Results show that texts produced by good outcome cases presented more emotional involvement than poor cases.
Furthermore, good cases presented with a more complex and well-integrated narrative of their story than poor cases. It is
suggested that good outcome participants’ writings are more emotionally involved, integrated and personal. Our findings emphasize
the importance of context-sensitive and function-oriented accounts of EW texts.
The Western Balkans in translated children’s literature
Authors: Todorova Marija 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study approaches translations as framing and representation sites that can serve to either contest or promote stereotypes. Critically looking at textual and visual images of the source culture, the discussion considers how the particular location of different participants in the translation production process contributes to the presentation of violence as a predominant image of Western Balkan nations. The analysis uncovers networks of source-based production participants focusing on images of ‘nesting’ Balkanisms and self-representations centring on love and humaneness. On the other hand, networks led by editors located in the target culture often emphasise the preconceived stereotypes of dominant violence in the Western Balkans or turn towards globalising the images of violence.
Surface Observation of Laser-treated Carbon Steel and Application of Laser Ccleaning for Corroded Steel Member
Authors: Zhuang S , Kainuma S , Yang M , Haraguchi M , Asano T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A newly developed laser system is adopted in this study as a surface preparation method for corroded steel structures. To investigate the thermal effects of laser beam on steel material, carbon steel plates are treated by two different laser processing parameters. Then the surface condition, heat-affected zone, and iron oxide on laser-treated specimens are evaluated using optical microscope, SEM-EDX, and XRD. Moreover, a severely corroded steel member was used as laser irradiation target to verify the cleaning effects of laser beam. Results show that surface morphologies are varied according to laser processing parameters. Due to thermal effects, iron oxide was formed after laser irradiation, and higher laser power induced deeper heat-affected zone. The application of laser treatment for corroded steel member showing desirable surface cleanliness after laser irradiation. The laser surface treatment could be an alternative surface preparation method for steel structures in the construction field.
Effect of different steel fiber types on mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete
Authors: Yan Xinyi , Gao Yuxin , Luo Yaoling , Bi Yao , Xie Yuhao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The influence of steel fiber on the mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were studied through slump, compressive strength, flexural strength test. The experimental results showed that the incorporation of steel fiber had an influence on the working performance of UHPC, and the slump and expansion degree of UHPC were inversely proportional to the volume content and length-diameter ratio of steel fiber. The steel fiber significantly improved the compressive and flexural strength of UHPC. The mechanical property of UHPC was the best when the steel fiber content was 4%, with 28 day compressive strength up to 163.2MPa and flexural strength up to 45.9MPa. UHPC showed a trend of gradual decrease of compressive strength and gradual increase of flexural strength with the increase of aspect ratio of steel fiber on the condition of constant volume content of steel fiber. The addition of special-shaped steel fiber can improve the compressive and flexural strength of UHPC effectively.
Corrosion behavior of Incoloy 840 in molten nitrate salt for CSP plants
Authors: Zhang Yujun , Xiao Leilei , Liu Junhua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
As the tube materials of receiver in the solar tower power plant, molten salt corrosion behavior of Incoloy 840 has been studied. In this work, after Incoloy 840 samples were deposed separately in molten Solar Salts (40wt.% KNO3 + 60wt.% NaNO3) at 560°C for different times (5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80h), the weight-loss of samples were measured, the metallurgical structure of as-received Incoloy 840 was observed by optical microscope, the metallurgical structure of corroded films on the samples were observed by SEM, the corrosion products chemistries of the oxide film were analyzed by EDS and XRD. The results showed that the corrosion kinetics of the Incoloy 840 follows typical parabolic rule at 560°C in mixture molten salts (40wt.% KNO3 + 60wt.% NaNO3), and the corrosion rate of Incoloy 840 is 12.3 μm/year. The corroded films had a bilayer structure, the outer layer consists of Fe2O3, and the inner layer consists of γ-(Fe, Ni) and Cr2O3.
Noval Ag·AgBr@TiO2 porous power: fabrication and photocatalyst
Authors: Gong Liangfa , Wu Zhe , Hao Yi , Guo Zhiyang , Li Cuiqing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
It is of great importance to investigate the doped TiO2 photocatalyst for the better photocatalytic activity via visible light. In this study, a newly Ag·AgBr@TiO2 photocatalyst has been prepared via a facile sol-gel process using n-butyl titanate as titanium source, silver nitrate as silver source, and potassium bromide as bromine source. The different nano porous catalyst products were prepared by using of calcining precipitates (obtained by drying the sol-gel in an oven at 80°C) in air at 300, 480, and 660 °C for 3 hours respectively. The selected precursor treatments and heterostructure display significantly improved photodegradation activity on organic 2-naphthol. The microstructures were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results showed that TiO2 and doped TiO2 are both anatases generally. Compared with those of undoped TiO2 and AgBr, the Ag, AgBr-doped TiO2 has remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity towards 2-naphthol. Owing to the higher absorption of Ag, AgBr nanoparticles on to the TiO2, the excellent photocatalytic activities of Ag·AgBr@TiO2 were obtained. The degradation rates of 2-naphthol reached 69% under Ag, AgBr-doped TiO2 photocatalyst, whereas, with undoped TiO2 and pure AgBr, the degradation rates of 2-naphthol are 20% and 43% respectively.
Study on template-free preparation of porous g-C3N4 and its enhanced visible-light catalytic performance
Authors: Li Chen , Xie Linkun , Xiao Ke , Zhang Haonan , Chai Xijuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Employing thiourea as precursor, the bulk graphitic carbon nitride (named SCN) was prepared via thermal polymerization strategy. The SCN was then stripped and treated by different concentrations of NaOH solution, and then porous carbon nitride SCN with loose structure was obtained and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL). Then catalytic performance of the obtained porous carbon nitride SCN samples was evaluated by degrading methyl blue solution (MB). The results show that the normal pressure alkaline treatment is an effective way to prepare porous carbon nitride. After being treated by NaOH solution of 0.3 mol/L, the specific surface area of SCN increased to three times than that of bulk SCN. The synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalysis boosts the photocatalytic efficiency of SCN by 1.78 times compared with bulk SCN, and the first-order reaction rate constant Kapp is increased by 2.9 times.
Remarks on the convexity of free boundaries (Scalar and system cases)
Authors: El Hajj L. , Shahgholian H. 
Published: July 2021

Convexity is discussed for several free boundary value problems in exterior domains that are generally formulated as

Δ
u
=
f
(
u
)

in
Ω
∖
D
,

|

∇
u

|

=
g

on

∂
Ω
,

u
≥
0

in

R

n

,

\begin{equation*} \Delta u = f(u) \ \text {in } \Omega \setminus D, \quad |\nabla u | = g \ \text { on } \ \partial \Omega , \quad u\geq 0 \ \text { in } \ \mathbb {R}^n, \end{equation*}

where

u
u

is assumed to be continuous in

R

n

\mathbb {R}^n

,

Ω
=
{
u
>
0
}

\Omega = \{u > 0\}

(is unknown),

u
=
1

u=1

on

∂
D

\partial D

, and

D
D

is a bounded domain in

R

n

\mathbb {R}^n

(

n
≥
2

n\geq 2

). Here

g
=
g
(
x
)

g= g(x)

is a given smooth function that is either strictly positive (Bernoulli-type) or identically zero (obstacle type). Properties for

f
f

will be spelled out in exact terms in the text.

The interest is in the particular case where

D
D

is star-shaped or convex. The focus is on the case where

f
(
u
)

f(u)

lacks monotonicity, so that the recently developed tool of quasiconvex rearrangement is not applicable directly. Nevertheless, such quasiconvexity is used in a slightly different manner, and in combination with scaling and asymptotic expansion of solutions at regular points. The latter heavily relies on the regularity theory of free boundaries.

Also, convexity for several systems of equations in a general framework is discussed, and some ideas along with several open problems are presented.