bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoplasmic reticulum protein TXNDC5 modulates thyroid eye disease TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation
Authors: Chiu Hsun-I , WU Shi-Bei , Wu Albert Y , Tsai Chieh-Chih 
Published: December 2024

AimThere remain limited therapies to treat thyroid eye disease (TED) orbital fibrosis, highlighting the urgency to develop novel targets. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation from orbital fibroblasts are important pathogenetic factor of TED. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may play a role in TED pathogenesis since it has been linked to liver, kidney, heart and lung fibrotic remodelling. We would evaluate the role of thioredoxin domain containing 5 (TXNDC5), a fibroblast-enriched ER protein, in TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation from TED orbital fibroblasts.MethodsOrbital fibroblasts from patients with TED were treated with TGF-β1 to investigate ER stress-relative gene expression especially for TXNDC5. To determine if TXNDC5 is involved in TGF-β1-induced fibrosis, we transfected TED orbital fibroblasts by lentivirus with a small hairpin RNA of pLKO-TXNDC5 gene (shTXNDC5) to knockdown TXNDC5 protein expression levels. After transfection of shTXNDC5 in TED orbital fibroblast followed by TGF-β1 treatment, we analysed TGF-β1-induced fibrosis protein expression.ResultsWe measured increased TXNDC5 gene and protein expression in primary TED orbital fibroblasts. TXNDC5 protein levels were increased in TED orbital fibroblasts under TGF-β1 stimulation (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 ng/mL). Moreover, TXNDC5 knockdown of attenuated TGFβ1 (5 ng/mL)-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation and extracellular matrix protein upregulation whereas increasing TXNDC5 expression by a recombinant protein of TXNDC5 (rhTXNDC5) addition increased alpha smooth muscle actin, fibronectin and connective tissue growth factor protein expression.ConclusionIn conclusion, targeting TXNDC5 may be a novel therapeutic approach against TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation in TED orbital fibroblasts.
Incidence and outcomes of in-hospital resuscitation for cardiac arrest among paediatric patients in Jordan: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Alrawashdeh Ahmad , Alkhatib Zaid I 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and survival rates of paediatric patients receiving resuscitation for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in a teaching hospital in Northern Jordan, comparing initial pulseless rhythms and bradycardia rhythm with poor perfusion.DesignRetrospective observational studySettingAn university-affiliated tertiary hospital in Northern Jordan, covering January 2015 to December 2022.PatientsAll hospitalised paediatric patients aged 1 month–18 years who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for cardiac arrest were included in the study. Resuscitation attempts were categorised into initial pulseless rhythm events and bradycardia with poor perfusion events.Main outcome measuresIncidence rate of paediatric CPR and the survival to hospital discharge rate.ResultsA total of 504 paediatric patients received CPR during the study period, with an incidence rate of 6.26 per 1000 paediatric admissions. The annual incidence rate was significantly reduced by an average of 5.5% for the total sample but increased by 25.0% for bradycardia events (n=110, 21.8%). The percentage of patients who sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was 25.0%. Survival to hospital discharge was low at 4.8% while showing an increasing trend by an average of 24.0% per year. Bradycardia events had a significantly higher ROSC rate (34.6% vs 22.3%); but an insignificant higher survival rate (6.4 vs 4.3). Patients with neurological or cardiovascular medical conditions, those in non-intensive care unit departments, and those with respiratory causes had higher odds of survival to discharge.ConclusionWhile the incidence rate of paediatric IHCA in Jordan is comparable to developed countries, the survival rate is much poorer. The study highlights the importance of strengthening healthcare infrastructure, establishing national legal and ethical frameworks around resuscitation policies and establishing robust data registries to monitor and optimise care practices.
Coming in hot: a qualitative investigation into perceptions of parents and doctors of reasons for the presentation of children with fever to the emergency department in England
Authors: Franklin Courtney , Taylor-Robinson David , Carrol Enitan D , Moran Paul , Carter Bernie 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPaediatric emergency department (ED) attendances and admissions in England are increasing. Fever is a common presenting problem for these attendances. Anxiety and misperceptions surrounding appropriate management of fever persist among parents. Little evidence exists on the pathways to ED for fever, and doctors’ perceptions of why parents present their child to the ED.ObjectivesTo understand perceptions of parents and doctors of the reasons for ED presentation for children (0–18 years) with fever in England.DesignThis forms the first part of a qualitative study, using reflective thematic analysis.Participants15 parents (12 mothers and 3 fathers) who had taken their febrile child to hospital (2015–2023), and 5 ED doctors (4 consultants and 1 resident doctor) who had experienced treating a febrile child in an ED in England.MethodsSemistructured remote (Zoom) interviews were conducted (2022–2023).ResultsReflexive thematic analysis facilitated investigation into current parental concerns regarding fever and decision-making leading to ED attendance. The overarching theme ‘factors influencing unscheduled care’ comprised four key themes that reflected the complex interplay between factors influencing parental decision-making to seek emergency care, at the individual and wider structural level. These were parental proficiency and experience; social networks and access to services; fever phobia, uncertainty and anxiety; and reassurance. Doctors also acknowledged the importance of these factors, such as reassurance and showing compassion and further indicated a persistent educational gap surrounding fever between doctors and parents.ConclusionsWe widen the evidence base of why parents attend ED for paediatric fever and their perceptions of other health services. Parents face challenges when seeking care and perceived ED as a last resort. Interventions to support parental decision-making and management of fever could help to alleviate these challenges, as well as potentially reducing the demand for emergency care.
Neonatal death prediction scores: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Veloso Felipe C S , Barros Carine R A , Kassar Samir B , Gurgel Ricardo Q 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo compare, through a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational accuracy studies, the main existing neonatal death prediction scores.MethodSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational accuracy studies. The databases accessed were MEDLINE, ELSEVIER, LILACS, SciELO, OpenGrey, Open Access Thesis and Dissertations, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Cochrane Library. For qualitative analysis, Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 was used. For the quantitative analysis, the area under the curve and the SE were used, as well as the inverse of the variance as a weight measure, DerSimonian and Laird as a measure of random effects, Higgins’ I² as an estimate of heterogeneity, Z as a final measure with a 95% confidence level.Results55 studies were analysed, 8 scores were compared in a total of 193 849 newborns included. The most accurate neonatal death prediction score was Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology Perinatal Extension II (SNAPPE II) (0.89 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.92)) and the least accurate was gestational age (0.75 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.79)).ConclusionSNAPPE II was the most accurate score found in this study. Despite this, the choice of score depends on the situation and setting in which the newborn is inserted, and it is up to the researcher to analyse and decide which one to use based on practicality and the possibility of local implementation. Given this, it is interesting to carry out new prospective studies to improve the prediction of neonatal deaths around the world.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023462425.
Mutational signatures define immune and Wnt-associated subtypes of ampullary carcinoma
Authors: Zhuravleva Ekaterina , Lewinska Monika , O'Rourke Colm J , Pea Antonio , Rashid Asif , Hsing Ann W , Taranta Andrzej , Chang David , Gao Yu-Tang , Koshiol Jill , Oliveira Rui Caetano , Andersen Jesper B 
Published: December 2024

Background and objectiveAmpullary carcinoma (AMPAC) taxonomy is based on morphology and immunohistochemistry. This classification lacks prognostic reliability and unique genetic associations. We applied an approach of integrative genomics characterising patients with AMPAC exploring molecular subtypes that may guide personalised treatments.DesignWe analysed the mutational landscapes of 170 patients with AMPAC. The discovery included 110 tumour/normal pairs and the validation comprised 60 patients. In a tumour subset, we interrogated the transcriptomes and DNA methylomes. Patients were stratified based on mutational signatures and associated with molecular and clinical features. To evaluate tumour and immune cellularity, 22 tumours were independently assessed histomorphologically and by digital pathology.ResultsWe defined three patient clusters by mutational signatures independent of histomorphology. Cluster 1 (C1) was defined by spontaneous deamination of DNA 5-methylcytosine and defective mismatch repair. C2 and C3 were related to the activity of transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair but C3 was further defined by the polymerase eta mutational process. C1–2 showed enrichment of Wnt pathway alterations, aberrant DNA methylation profiles, immune cell exclusion and patients with poor prognosis. These features were associated with a hypermutator phenotype caused by C>T alterations at CpGs. C3 patients with improved overall survival were associated with activation of immune-related pathways, immune infiltration and elevated expression of immunoinhibitory checkpoint genes.ConclusionImmunogenicity and Wnt pathway associations, emphasised by the mutational signatures, defined patients with prospective sensitivity to either immunotherapy or Wnt pathway inhibitors. This emphasises a novel mutational signature-based AMPAC classification with prognostic potential, suggesting prospective implications for subgroup-specific management of patients with AMPAC.
Woman in the brain, or the fraught relationship between feminism and mental health
Authors: Greco Cinzia 
Published: December 2024

This article explores the complicated relationship between feminism and women’s mental health. I discuss the differences and convergences between neurodiversity and mental health and how feminist theory has approached these topics. While contrasting the pathologisation that mental health disciplines can apply to women, feminism has often reduced mental health conditions to mere manifestations of patriarchy. Using autism as a prism, I propose that the neurodiversity paradigm can be a means to discuss diverse brain and mind experiences without reinforcing pathologisation. The choice of autism has two motivations: while autism is a neurological difference and not a mental illness, the complex experiences of autistic women exemplify their otherness and exclusion, highlighting the marginalisation of women with atypical brains not just in society but also in feminist theories and practicesDrawing on documentary sources and discussing theoretical approaches from the UK, the USA, and, to a lesser extent, other English-speaking countries, this article aims to advance the feminist discourse on mental health. I illustrate the necessity to enrich feminist perspectives on mental health and suggest ways to make feminist theories and practices more inclusive of neurodivergent and mad women.
Spiritual care in palliative medicine: interactive, virtual workshop for specialists
Authors: White David , Barham Deborah , McEniery Judith , Mherekumombe Martha , Bridge Douglas 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSpiritual pain and distress are commonly unrecognised among patients receiving palliative care, yet engaging with a person’s spirituality can allow healing to occur even amid suffering. Palliative care clinicians lack training in assessing and managing spiritual distress among patients.ObjectivesDevelopment of a virtually delivered spirituality workshop to improve clinicians’ understanding of their own spirituality and confidence in addressing the spiritual dimension of patients’ experience.Method32 palliative care clinicians across Australia and New Zealand attended four 1.5-hour sessions across consecutive weeks, with additional pre-session and post-session written and audiovisual content. Participants completed a pre-post evaluation survey, rating their confidence in knowledge and skills relating to the provision of spiritual care.ResultsAll participants completed at least three of the four workshop sessions, and 19 responded to the pre-post evaluation survey. Confidence ratings across all skills significantly improved following the workshop. Most participants reported improved confidence in taking a spiritual history, assessing patients for spiritual issues and managing patients experiencing spiritual pain. All reported that they would recommend the workshop to a colleague, and most (11/19) felt virtual delivery of the workshop was appropriate for the content and activities.ConclusionsSpirituality training can be safely and effectively delivered through a virtual workshop for palliative care clinicians. The training was highly valued and deepened participants’ understanding of their own spirituality. Further exploration of how virtual and face-to-face learning can be combined may identify a flexible and engaging experience for learners.
Effect of chiral imbalance on the electrical conductivity of hot and dense quark matter using Green–Kubo method within the 2-flavour gauged NJL model
Authors: Ghosh Snigdha , Chaudhuri Nilanjan , Sarkar Sourav , Roy Pradip 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The electrical conductivity of hot and dense quark matter is calculated using the 2-flavour gauged Nambu–Jona–Lasinio (NJL) model in the presence of a chiral imbalance quantified in terms of a chiral chemical potential (CCP). To this end, the in-medium spectral function corresponding to the vector current correlator is evaluated employing the real time formulation of finite temperature field theory. Taking the long wavelength limit of the spectral function we extract the electrical conductivity using the Green–Kubo relation. The thermal widths of the quarks/antiquarks that appear in the expression of electrical conductivity are calculated by considering the

$$2\rightarrow 2$$

2
→
2

scattering in the NJL model. The scattering amplitudes containing the polarization functions of the mesonic modes in the scalar and pseudoscalar channels are also evaluated by considering finite value of CCP. We find that the ratio of electrical conductivity to temperature has significant dependence on CCP especially in the low temperature region.
EMPLOYEE-DRIVEN INNOVATION: EXPLORING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PSYCHOSOCIAL SAFETY CLIMATE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT
Authors: BERGLUND RACHAEL TRIPNEY , BÄCKSTRÖM IZABELLE , JOHANSSON PETER E , OMOREDE ADESUWA 
Published: December 2024

This study bridges occupational health and innovation management by proposing psychosocial safety climate (PSC) as a key precondition for employee-driven innovation (EDI). EDI emphasises employees’ unique potential to generate and implement innovative ideas, with conducive working conditions, particularly those supporting psychological health, being crucial. Using a mixed-method explanatory design, the research draws on survey data from 19 work teams ([Formula: see text]) and five in-depth interviews with managers to explore the relationship between PSC and EDI. Findings show that all four PSC domains — support and commitment, priority, communication, and involvement — significantly influence EDI. The study highlights how PSC leadership and communication about worker welfare play a critical role, offering groundbreaking empirical evidence linking PSC and EDI.
Causal Relationships Between Leukocyte Subsets and Adverse Fetal Outcomes: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chen Hong , Shao Li-Zhen , Wang Ying-Xiong , Han Zhi-Jie , Wang Yong-Heng , Li Xia , Chen Jing-Yu , Liu Tai-Hang 
Published: December 2024

Background: The tolerance and dynamic regulation of the maternal immune system during pregnancy are pivotal for ensuring fetal health. Immune cell subsets play a complex and crucial role in this process, closely linked to the neonatal health status. Despite recognizing the significance of dysregulation in the quantity and activity of immune cells in neonatal disease occurrence, their specific roles remain elusive, resulting in a dearth of clinically viable interventions for immune‐mediated neonatal diseases.Materials and Methods: Employing two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology, this study systematically investigated 446 leukocyte features (N = 500,675), including leukocyte subsets, absolute cell (AC) counts, and morphological parameters (MP) and their correlation with seven adverse fetal outcomes (N = 1,100,458), encompassing fetal growth restriction (FGR), preterm birth (PTB), neonatal jaundice (NNJ), digestive system disorders of fetus and newborn (DSDFN), hemorrhagic and hematological disorders of fetus and newborn (HDFN), respiratory distress of newborn (RDN), and transitory disorders of metabolism specific to fetus and newborn (TDMSFN).Results: The results unveiled significant causal relationships between 301 leukocyte subsets and these seven adverse fetal outcomes, with 259, 245, 15, 44, 11, 32, and 68 pairs of notable associations for each adverse outcome, respectively. Furthermore, the study highlighted potential pathogenic mechanisms underlying the mutual influence among neonatal diseases. MR results indicated FGR as a robustly correlated risk factor for PTB and NNJ and showed a reciprocal causal relationship between NNJ and FGR. PTB exhibited a positive correlation with HDFN.Conclusions: This study provided profound insights into the intricate regulatory mechanisms of leukocyte subsets in neonatal diseases, paving the way for new avenues in the diagnosis and treatment of associated disorders.
Emerging Therapeutic Modalities and Pharmacotherapies in Neuropathic Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Parallel Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kontor Ernest Kissi , Wellan Catherine , Maaz Hafiz Mohammad , Muhammad Daha Garba , Al-Qiami Almonzer , Sharifan Amin , Kumah Jessica , Lacey Hester , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Jain Nityanand 
Published: December 2024

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition caused by abnormal neuronal excitability in the nervous system. Current treatments for NP are often ineffective or poorly tolerated. Hence, we reviewed the efficacy and safety of novel drugs or devices that target neuronal excitability in NP patients compared with placebo, sham, or usual care interventions.Methods: Six databases were searched for parallel randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting novel devices (rTMS, SCS, and TENS) or drugs (EMA401, capsaicin 8% patch, and Sativex) for NP. Data were extracted and quality was assessed using the ROB2 tool. The random‐effects inverse variance method was used for analysis.Results: In our review of 30 RCTs with 4251 participants, device‐based interventions were found to be more effective in reducing pain scores than control interventions (SMD = −1.27, 95% CI: −1.92 to −0.62). However, high heterogeneity was seen (p < 0.01, I2 = 91%), attributable to the etiology of NP (R2 = 58.84%) and year of publication (R2 = 49.49%). Funding source and type of control comparator were ruled out as cause of heterogeneity. Although drug interventions did not differ from placebo interventions in absolute pain reduction (SMD = −1.21, 95% CI: −3.55 to 1.13), when comparing relative change in pain intensity from baseline, drug interventions were found to be effective (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.04–0.55). Asymmetry in the funnel plot was visualized, suggesting publication bias. Certainty of evidence was very low according to GRADE assessment.Conclusions: Our review indicates that device‐based interventions are more effective than control interventions in reducing pain intensity in NP. Nevertheless, available evidence is limited due to heterogeneity and publication bias, prompting the need for more high‐quality RCTs to confirm the efficacy and safety of these interventions.
Designing is Mining: Historicizing Material Ecologies of Design
Authors: Fallan Kjetil 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The modern design profession is often considered a product of the Industrial Revolution's division of labor, which separated the ideation of artifacts from their execution. As part of the same legacy, where industrial manufacturing—as a system—was premised on the exploitation of extractive materials and fossil fuels, designers are natural-born miners. Designing entails crucial decisions on which and how much materials to mine, blast, drill, excavate, or fell. This article argues for an expanded view of the subject matter and the methods of design history, as designing with, designing without, and designing out extractive materials are crucial parameters in both the history and the future of the human-built world.
Репрезентація злорадства та емпатичної радості в польській i українській мовах
Authors: Нiколаєнко [Nikolayenko] Лариса [Larysa] 
Published: December 2024

Representation of Schadenfreude and Empathic Joy in Polish and Ukrainian
The article analyses the ways of representing Schadenfreude and empathic joy in Polish and Ukrainian. Among the common features of the verbalisation of these emotions in both languages is the functioning of the names of ordinary joy or pleasure as part of certain lexical phrases and syntactic constructions. The peculiarity of the representation of Schadenfreude in Polish is that it lacks one-word nominations of this emotion, while in Ukrainian they function alongside multi-word verbalisers. One-word names for empathic joy in both languages are not reflected in modern dictionaries. They are stylistically limited, as they are used mainly in religious and moral-ethical texts. Syntactic constructions representing these emotions have features specific to each of the languages. In particular, this concerns structural differences and the prevalence of certain types of constructions in Polish or Ukrainian.

Reprezentacja złośliwej satysfakcji i empatycznej radości w języku polskim i ukraińskim
W artykule przeanalizowano sposoby reprezentacji złośliwej satysfakcji i empatycznej radości w języku polskim i ukraińskim. Wśród wspólnych cech werbalizacji tych emocji w obu językach występuje funkcjonowanie nazw zwykłej radości lub przyjemności jako części pewnych fraz leksykalnych i konstrukcji składniowych. Osobliwością reprezentacji złośliwej satysfakcji w języku polskim jest to, że nie ma w nim jednowyrazowych nominacji tej emocji, podczas gdy w języku ukraińskim funkcjonują one obok wielowyrazowych werbalizatorów. Jednowyrazowe nazwy empatycznej radości w obu językach nie mają odzwierciedlenia we współczesnych słownikach. Są one ograniczone stylistycznie, gdyż wykorzystuje się je głównie w tekstach religijnych i moralno-etycznych. Konstrukcje składniowe reprezentujące te emocje mają swoje cechy specyficzne dla języka polskiego bądź ukraińskiego. W szczególności dotyczy to różnic strukturalnych oraz rozpowszechnienia określonych typów konstrukcji w jednym lub drugim języku.