bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural identification of neutralizing antibodies induced by
nucleic acid encoded native-like trimer
Authors: Xu Ziyang , Walker Susanne , Wise Megan , Chokkalingam Neethu , Purwar Mansi , Moore Alan , Tello-Ruiz Edgar , Wu Yuanhan , Majumdar Sonali , Zaidi Faraz , Reuschel Emma , Patel Ishaan , Obeirne April , Du Jianqiu , Schultheis Katherine , Gites Lauren , Smith Trevor , Mendoza Janess , Broderick Kate , Humeau Laurent , Pallesen Jesper , Weiner David , Kulp Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Despite extensive efforts, an efficacious HIV vaccine remains elusive. HIV Envelope (Env) is the target of all known neutralizing antibodies. Stabilizing Env into native-like trimer (NLT) conformations is required for recombinant protein immunogens to induce autologous neutralizing antibodies(nAbs) against difficult to neutralize HIV strains (tier-2) in rabbits and non-human primates. However, mice are the most cost effective and widely used vaccine model and mouse immunizations with NLTs have generally failed to induce tier-2 nAbs. Here, we explored if DNA-encoded NLTs would fold properly in vivo and induce an informed humoral response. We observed DNA encoding a BG505 NLT induces autologous tier-2 nAbs in mice, identified murine monoclonal neutralizing antibodies, mapped the responses to a new murine neutralizing Env C3/V5 epitope and determined the structures of Env-nAbs complexes. Beyond potential functional immunity gains, DNA vaccines permit in vivo folding of structured antigens and provide significant cost and speed advantages for enabling rapid evaluation of new HIV vaccines.
Prediction Study of Structural, Elastic, Electronic, Optical and Thermodynamic Properties of Cubic Perovskite Bigao3
Authors: Ghebouli M. A. , Ghebouli B. , Fatmi M. , Chihi T. , Ahmed S. I. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We report computations of all properties cited in title within GGA and LDA for cubic perovskite BiGaO3. Lattice constants, bulk modulus, elastic moduli and band gaps were computed. BiGaO3 is elastically stable at room temperature and equilibrium pressure. We predicted the Debye temperature and longitudinal and transverse waves along [100], [110] ([100], [110], [111]) directions for BiGaO3. Our calculated band gap 1.92 eV predicts the semiconducting nature. The upper valence band is consisted principally of O-2p sites and a little contribution of Ga-4p and Bi-6p states. Hybridization between Ga-4p orbital with O-2p site in the upper valence band traduces that Ga–O bonds have a covalent bonding character. B/G ratio indicates that BiGaO3 is classified as ductile material. We derived mechanical parameters of BiGaO3 using Voigt, Reuss and Hill approximations. The higher absorption value provides a hint that this material is a potential candidate as a photo catalyst in the degradation of chemicals or pollutants.
Football and Team Handball Training Postpone Cellular Aging in Women
Authors: Hagman Marie , Fristrup Bjørn , Michelin Rémi , Krustrup Peter , Asghar Muhammad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Aims: Several hallmarks of aging have been identified and examined separately in previous exercise studies. For the first time, this study investigates the effect of lifelong regular exercise in humans on two of the central aging hallmarks combined. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 129 healthy, non-smoking women, including young elite football players (YF, n=29), young untrained controls (YC, n=30), elderly team handball players (EH, n=35) and elderly untrained controls (EC, n=35). From a resting blood sample, mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated and sorted into monocytes and lymphocytes. Telomere length, mitochondrial (mtDNA) copy number and mitochondrial function (PGC-1α and PGC-1β expression) were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: Overall, young women showed significantly longer telomeres and higher mitochondrial function, but lower mtDNA copy number compared to elderly subjects. A multivariate analysis showed that YF had 22–24% longer telomeres in lymphocytes and MNCs compared to YC. In addition, YF showed 19–20% higher mtDNA copy number in lymphocytes and MNCs compared to YC. The two young groups did not differ in PGC-1α and PGC-1β expression. EH showed 14% lower mtDNA copy number in lymphocytes compared to EC, but 3.4-fold higher lymphocyte PGC-1α expression compared to EC. In MNCs, EH also showed 1.4-1.6- fold higher mitochondrial function. The two elderly groups did not differ in telomere length.Conclusion: Elite football training and lifelong team handball training are associated with anti-aging mechanisms in leukocytes in women, including maintenance of telomere length and upregulation of mitochondrial function.
Oxygen saturation changes in relation to the use of gloves: an uncontrolled before and after intervention study
Authors: Pérez Rocío Nieto , Gascón María Martínez , Guisado-Clavero Marina , Ares-Blanco Sara 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Nurses have had an essential role in health promotion (hand washing, social distance and wearing a mask) during COVID-19 pandemic. However, some patients wear gloves, which is a possible barrier to proper examination. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in oxygen saturation measurement with or without the use of powder-free nitrile gloves.Methods: A prospective quasi-experimental before and after study was conducted in a primary care practice (PCP) from Madrid. Intervention consisted in measuring oxygen saturation (SpO2) for each participant covering a finger with a powder-free nitrile glove and a posterior measure without glove. Data collection was obtained from June to July 2020 with patients of the PCP. Variables included were demographic data (age and sex), respiratory medical history and suspicion of COVID-19. Descriptive statistics were expressed as frequencies or means with its standard deviation (SD). Effect of gloves was obtained performing Student’s t-test and agreement was determined by Bland-Altman analysis. Data was stratified by age range.Results: 177 patients participated in the intervention, mean age was 58.7 (SD: 18.8) years and 53.7% were female, 19.8% had smoke habit, 18.1% had respiratory medical history and 27.7% were suspicious COVID-19 case. No differences were observed in SpO2 intervention across age groups (p value 0.058 with gloves and 0.150 without). There were statistical significance difference in: patients <50 years (SpO2: +0.65), 50-75 years (SpO2: +0.62), females (SpO2: +0.79), smokers (SpO2: +0.60) and COVID suspicious cases (SpO2: +0.64). Bland-Altman analysis was performed, mean difference was -0.56 ± 1.38% (95% CI, -0.77 to -0.35), and the limits of agreement were -3.32 and 2.19%.Conclusions: The use of powder-free nitrile glove do not change SpO2 with pulse oximetry in general population. However, those patients with potential lung affection might have measures without gloves. Nursing is crucial to educate and prevent from COVID-19 infection.
Two Novel Human Anti-cd25 Antibodies With Antitumor Activity Inversely Related to Its Affinity and in Vitro Activity
Authors: Song Deyong , Liu Xiu , Dong Chuangchuang , Sha Chunjie , Ning Zhenfei , Wang Qiaoping , Han Jing , Liu Hong , Xu Hongguang , Zhang Huimin , Xing Pingping , Zong Mengqi , Li Ying , Liu Guangsheng , Shao Xin , Dou Changlin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High tumor regulatory T (Treg) cell infiltration is associated with poor prognosis of many cancers. CD25 is highly expressed on tumor Treg cells and is a potential target for Treg deletion. Previously characterized anti-CD25 antibodies appear to have limited efficacy. Here we identified two human anti-CD25 antibodies, BA9 and BT942, which demonstrated strong tumor growth inhibition in both early and late-stage animal cancer models. BT942 had weaker binding and cytotoxic activity to human CD25-expressing cell lines than BA9. But BT942 showed a stronger anti-tumor effect and resulted a higher expansion of CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells in tumor microenvironment at the mouse MC38 model compared to BA9. As CD25 is transiently expressed on activated Teff cells, it is likely that BT942 with lower affinity can distinguish high expression Treg and low expression Teff and therefore cannot kill Teff cells effectively. Such a combination of BT942’s abilities may underline its stronger effect. BT942 also demonstrated higher tumor growth inhibition in combination with an anti-PD1 antibody. Pharmacokinetic tests of BT942 in cynomolgus monkey demonstrated a half-life of 206.97±19.03 hours. No toxicity efficacy was seen in mice efficacy or monkey examinations. BT942 appears to be an excellent candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition by Major Tanshinones From Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Selective Muscarinic Acetylcholine M4 Receptor Antagonism by Tanshinone I
Authors: Prajapati Ritu , Park Se Eun , Seong Su Hui , Paudel Pradeep , Fauzi Fazlin Mohd , Jung Hyun Ah , Choi Jae Sue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are considered important therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease (PD). Lipophilic tanshinones are major phytoconstituents in dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza that have demonstrated neuroprotective anti-Parkinson effects against dopaminergic neurotoxins and the inhibition of human monoamine oxidase (hMAO)-A. Since MAO-B inhibition is also considered an important therapeutic approach for PD, we accessed the potential of three abundant tanshinone congeners in hMAO-A and hMAO-B inhibition in vitro. In our study, tanshinone I (1) exhibited the highest potency against hMAO-A, followed by tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone with IC50 values less than 10 μM. They also suppressed hMAO-B activity with IC50 values lower than 25 μM. Although the hMAO-A inhibitory activity of tanshinones has been reported, the mechanism of enzyme inhibition and binding sites are yet to be studied. Thus, we conducted enzyme kinetics and molecular docking studies to evaluate the mode of enzyme inhibition and interactions. Proteochemometric modeling further predicted mAChRs as potential targets of 1 and an in vitro functional G-protein coupled receptor assay confirmed the selective M4 antagonist nature of 1. These findings indicate that 1 is a potential therapeutic molecule for managing the motor dysfunction and depression associated with PD.
Local and Network Behavior of a Bistable Vibrational Energy Harvester Considering Periodic and Quasiperiodic Excitations
Authors: Karthikeyan Anitha , Ramesh Arthanari , Moroz Irene , Duraisamy Prakash , Rajagopal Karthikeyan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Vibrational energy harvesters can exhibit complex nonlinear behavior when exposed to external excitations. Depending on the number of stable equilibriums the energy harvesters are defined and analyzed. In this work we focus on the bistable energy harvester with two energy wells. Though there have been earlier discussions on such harvesters, all these works focus on periodic excitations. Hence, we are focusing our analysis on both periodic and quasiperiodic forced bistable energy harvester. Various dynamical properties are explored, and the bifurcation plots of the periodically excited harvester shows coexisting hidden attractors. To investigate the collective behavior of the harvesters, we mathematically constructed a two-dimensional lattice array of the harvesters. A non-local coupling is considered, and we could show the emergence of chimeras in the network. As discussed in the literature energy harvesters can be efficient if the chaotic regimes can be suppressed and hence we focus our discussion towards synchronizing the nodes in the network when they are not in their chaotic regimes. We could successfully define the conditions to achieve complete synchronization in both periodic and quasiperiodically excited harvesters.
Investigation of Genetic Markers for Intramuscular Fat in the Hybrid Wagyu Cattle With Bulked Segregant Analysis
Authors: Zhu Yun , Han Liyun , Li Peng , Kang Xiaolong , Dan Xingang , Ma Yun , Shi Yuangang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Bulked Segregant Analysis（BSA）is a rapid strategy for identifying genetic markers in specific regions of the phenotypical population and it has been widely used for QTLs mapping in smaller mixed F2 and F3 populations. We applied a modified BSA method to assessed genome-wide homozygous and heterozygous linkage patterns in the Chinese Wagyu Beef Cattle F2/F3 mixed population. Two overlapped regions from F2 and F3 populations on autosomes were found with high-density heterozygote alleles between high and low intramuscular fat groups. Regions from 24.8M~29.6M of chromosome 23 were identified as most significantly correlated to the intramuscular fat in our samples. We also identified other 4 potential loci on chromosomes 5, 9, 15, and 21 correlated with Intramuscular fat. This study provided a novel low-cost method for QTLs mapping and identify molecular markers of phenotypical changes in a small mixed population.
Δ 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol Promotes Functional Remyelination in the Mouse Brain
Authors: Aguado Tania , Huerga-Gómez Alba , Torre Aníbal Sánchez-De la , Resel Eva , Chara Juan Carlos , Matute Carlos , Mato Susana , Galve-Roperh Ismael , Guzmán Manuel , PALAZUELOS JAVIER 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Research on demyelinating disorders aims to find novel molecules able to induce oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation to promote CNS remyelination and functional recovery. Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most prominent active constituent of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, confers neuroprotection in animal models of demyelination. However, the possible effect of THC on myelin repair has never been studied. Methods: By using oligodendroglia-specific reporter mouse lines in combination with 2 models of toxin-induced demyelination, we analyzed the effect of THC on the processes of oligodendrocyte regeneration and functional remyelination. Results: We show that THC administration enhanced oligodendrocyte regeneration, white matter remyelination, and motor function recovery. THC also promoted axonal remyelination in organotypic cerebellar cultures. THC remyelinating action relied on the induction of oligodendrocyte precursor differentiation upon cell cycle exit and via CB1 cannabinoid receptor activation. Conclusions: Overall, our study identifies THC administration as a promising pharmacological strategy aimed to promote functional CNS remyelination in demyelinating disorders.
Association of Heavy Metals with Overall Mortality in a Taiwanese Population
Authors: Liu Yi-hsueh , Wang Chih-Wen , Wu Da-Wei , Lee Wen-Hsien , Chen Ying-Chih , Li Chiu-Hui , Tsai Chun-Chi , Lin Wen-Yi , Chen Szu-Chia , Hung Chih-Hsing , Kuo Chao-Hung , Su Ho-Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Previous studies have shown links between heavy metals and many health issues. However, data on the association between heavy metals and mortality in the general population are still limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between heavy metals and overall mortality in the general population. We enrolled 2,497 participants (1,001 males and 1,496 females) living in southern Taiwan, and measured levels of seven heavy metals: lead (Pb) in blood and cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) and arsenic (As) in urine. The median follow-up period was 41.8 (4-50) months, during which 40 (1.6%) patients died. Compared to the participants who survived, those who died had higher urine Cd, higher urine Cu and lower urine Mn levels. Multivariate analysis showed that high urine Cd (per 1 mg/L; hazard ratio [HR], 1.352; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.089-1.680; p = 0.006), high urine Cu (per 1 mg/dL; HR, 1.350; 95% CI, 1.151-1.583; p < 0.001), and low urine Mn (per 1 mg/L; HR, 0.717; 95% CI, 0.557-0.923; p = 0.010) were associated with increased overall mortality. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that high levels of urine Cd and Cu and low urine Mn level were associated with increased overall mortality in general population.
Mobilization of Progenitor Cells and Vessel Healing After Implantation of Synergytm in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Sakuma Masashi , Nishino Setsu , Nasuno Takahisa , Tokura Michiaki , Sohma Ryoichi , Inoue Ken-ichi , Kanaya Tomoaki , Obi Syotaro , Toyoda Shigeru , Abe Shichiro , Attizzani Guiherme , Pereira Gabriel , Bezerra Hiram , Inoue Teruo , Kageyama Michiya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study was aimed to compare the vascular healing process of a SYNERGYTM stent with that of a PROMUS PREMIERTM stent in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).　In 71 patients with ACS, undergoing coronary stent implantation using the SYNERGYTM stent (n=52) or PROMUS PREMIERTM stent (n=19), we measured circulating CD34+/CD133+/CD45null cells and CD34+/KDR+ cells and observed vascular healing at the stented sites using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and coronary angioscopy. On the day 7, circulating CD34+/CD133+/CD45null cells increased in SYNERGY group (P<0.0001), while it did not change in PROMUS group. The CD34+/KDR+ cells also increased in SYNERGY group (P<0.0001) but less significantly in the PROMUS group (P<0.05). The OCT-based neointimal thickness (P<0.0005) and neointimal coverage rate (P<0.05) at 12 months were greater in SYNERGY group, compared with PROMUS group. The coronary angioscopy-based neointimal coverage grade at 12 months was also greater in SYNERGY group (P<0.001). In overall patients, the change in CD34+/KDR+ cells on the day 7 correlated with the OCT-based neointimal thickness at 12 months (R=0.288, P<0.05).　SYNERGYTM stent seems to have potential advantages over PROMUS PREMIERTM stent for ACS patients in terms of vascular healing process at the stented sites.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With HIV&nbsp;in Homeless People
Authors: Magalhães Rosilane de Lima Brito , Brito Giselle Mary Ibiapina , Carvalho Matheus Sousa Marques , Borges Braulio Vieira de Sousa , Valle Andreia Rodrigues Moura da Costa , Silva-Junior Fernando Lopes e , Reis Renata Karina , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz , Gir Elucir 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundInfection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compromises the immune system of infected people. Homeless people are more vulnerable to HIV infection due to behavioral and sexual factors. The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in homeless people in a capital of Northeastern Brazil. MethodsCross-sectional study carried out at the Reference Center for the homeless population (Centro Pop), in a capital of Northeastern Brazil, from September/2017 to September/2018. Data collected through a semi-structured form including socio-demographic data, risk and sexual behaviors and anti-HIV serology. Data were analyzed using Person's Chi-square test. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) of the Federal University of Piauí. ResultsA prevalence of 3.9% was detected among the 204 homeless people investigated,, that is, 8-204 of anti-HIV reagent, with statistical significance in relation to sexual practice with people of the same sex p ≤ 0.012 and previous sexually transmitted infection (STI) p ≤ 0.002. There was a predominance of males 87.3%, 66.0% were over thirty years of age, 58.3% had less than 12 years of schooling, 84.8% declared they were non-white, 57.3% had no fixed income, 67.0% professed religion, 89.7% declared to be heterosexual, 71.5% did not use a condom during the first sexual intercourse, 28.4% had had sexual intercourse with people of the same sex, and 41.0% had a history of STI. ConclusionsHIV prevalence was higher than in people in the general population. Results show an association between history of any STI and more time on the streets. And also risk behaviors such as high consumption of alcohol and other drugs, low frequency of condom use, increased number of sexual partners.
The Effect and Mechanism of ICA Regulation of miR-122-5p which from Osteoblasts-Derived Exosomes on Osteogenesis and Migration of BMSCs
Authors: Yang Aofei , Liu Xiangzhong , Yang Lu , Hu Jing , Ning Yu , Cai Hantao , Li Zhanghua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAvascular necrosis of femoral head（ANFH）is a common disease in orthopedics, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. At present, there is no clear method to solve it in clinical practice. In order to cope with this worldwide problem, many scholars have devoted themselves to the research on the treatment of ANFH. Promoting the osteogenic differentiation and directed migration of stem cells is one of the main ideas for the treatment of ANFH. In recent years, more and more researches have begun to pay attention to Chinese medicine and Chinese medicine extracts. At present, in the field of bone regeneration, epimedium is the most in-depth study of Chinese herbal medicine, and Icariin is one of the main active ingredients of epimedium. MethodsDifferent concentrations of Icariin were applied to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and the optimal concentration of Icariin to promote osteogenic differentiation and migration of BMSCs was observed. Then the exosomes from osteoblasts were combined with the optimal concentration of Icariin to BMSCs, observe the effect of promoting osteogenic differentiation and migration of BMSCs. Using high-throughput sequencing, analyze the composition of osteoblast-derived exosomes, predict the target miRNA, and then use miRNA minic and inhibitor to verify. ResultsThe optimal concentration of Icariin to promote osteogenic differentiation and migration of BMSCs is 1×10-7 M. Icariin combined with osteoblast-derived exosomes can effectively promote the osteogenic differentiation and migration of BMSCs. The top four miRNAs which content in osteoblast-derived exosomes are let-7a-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-122-5p, and analysis shows that miR-122-5p is related to osteogenic differentiation , The verification found that miR-122-5p can significantly promote the osteogenic differentiation and migration of BMSCs. ConclusionsIcariin can clearly promote the osteogenic differentiation and migration of BMSCs, and osteoblast-derived exosomes can also effectively promote the osteogenic differentiation and migration of BMSCs, the combination of Icariin and osteoblast-derived exosomes can enhance this effect. In this process, one of its targets is miR-122-5p.
Foveal Avascular Zone Evaluation in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy without Diabetic Macular Edema Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Halfawy Mohamed Mahmoud , Salman Abelrahman Gaber , Said Azza M.A. , Beltagi Tarek El , Karim Marwa A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.