bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Primary Stabilisation on Osseointegration of Implants With Local and Systemic Zoledronic Acid Application
Authors: Sokmen Nurullah , Dundar Serkan , Bozoglan Alihan , Yildirim Tuba Talo , Sokmen Kevser , Sayeste Erjeng , Isayev Abulfaz , Kirtay Mustafa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Primary stabilization (PS) is defined as initial tight fit during the surgical placement of an implant. Tight implant placement is quite difficult in cases where bone quality and quantity are insufficient. Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a powerful bisphosphonate that prevents bone resorption. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of local and systemic ZA application on osseointegration in titanium implants with and without PS. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 2 main groups, with PS, PS + (n = 24), and without primary stabilisation, PS − (n = 24). These main groups were divided into control (n = 8), 2mg/1 mL local ZA (n = 8) and 0.1mg/kg systemic ZA (n = 8) groups. All of the subjects were sacrificed after a 4-week recovery period. Bone implant connection (BiC) and thread filling (TF) (%) of the samples was analyzed according to the non-decalcified histological analysis method. In terms of BiC percentages and TF, statistically significant differences were found between the groups with and without PS and between the ZA treatment groups (P < 0.05). The common effect of PS and ZA use on the percentage of BIC was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). The common effect of PS and acid type on TF was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that systemic and local administration of ZA may increase implant osseointegration.
Closed Isolated Zygomatic Arch Fracture Management Made Easy
Authors: Estawrow Mina A. , Elbarbary Amir S. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Zygomatic arch fractures can occur either as isolated fractures or as a part of multiple facial fractures. There are several techniques available for reduction of zygomatic arch fractures, which include closed reduction and open reduction with fixation using metallic splints, closed reduction via Gillies or a gingivobuccal approach is preferred for minimal invasiveness, short operative time, and low complication rate. The aim of the present study is to present a simple, easy, and reliable method for closed reduction of isolated zygomatic arch fractures.

Patients and Methods:
This study included twenty patients presented with isolated zygomatic arch fractures between January of 2017 and December of 2018. All patients were evaluated based on the clinical and radiographic findings. Closed reduction of the zygomatic arches was carried on by a stainless steel wire. Surgical outcomes were subjected for objective assessment based on the postoperative alignment of the zygomatic arch in the computed tomography (CT scan) immediately after surgery and after 3 months. Subjective evaluation was carried out comparing preoperative, 1 and 3 months photographs assessing facial symmetry, as well as the patients’ satisfaction.

Results:
After a period of 3 to 6 months follow-up between January 2017 and December 2019, all patients were satisfied by the overall results, no major complications were recorded and no additional surgery needed for them.

Conclusions:
The suture wire method is quick, simple, easy, and effective for the reduction of isolated, depressed fractures of the zygomatic arch.
What is the Fate of the Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad Flap When Used During Primary Palatoplasty?
Authors: Kotlarek Katelyn J. , Perry Jamie L. , Jaskolka Michael S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Pedicled buccal fat pad flaps have more recently been applied to primary cleft palate reconstruction, and yet the integrity of the flap and the long-term impact on the palate has not yet been studied. This case study uses magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the composition of the soft palate 5 years after the interpositional placement of bilateral pedicled buccal fat pad flaps during primary palatoplasty. Anatomical measures are used to quantify the flap and surrounding velopharynx using magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensional computer technology, indicating that this surgical technique may have a lasting impact for children with cleft palate.
A Modified Procedure for Anterior Maxillary Osteotomy
Authors: Chen Zheng-Hao , Wang Jian-Ning 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Anterior maxillary osteotomy is a traditional operation in the treatment of maxillary protrusion. Varies fields about operation have been changed or improved in those years to avoid different kinds of complications. In our study, the authors would present 1 kind of improved anterior maxillary osteotomy surgical method. The study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province. Patients are divided into improved group and general group. Patients after surgery were claimed to have regular return visits. Occlusion, tooth vitalities, postoperative complications would be well evaluated. The operative time, blood losses, complications showed no different at maxillary operation. Our procedure could give much better and direct sight of anterior maxillary bone, and the simplified osteotomy lines could help maxilla move, reduce the times spent on hard tissue cut off or grind. The modified procedure can meet clinical command, improve dentofacial deformities, and gives convenience to surgeon.
l-Menthol – a new treatment for breathlessness?
Authors: Kanezaki Masashi , Terada Kunihiko , Ebihara Satoru 
Published: September 2021

Purpose of review
In patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), it is challenging to treat breathlessness. In addition, novel palliative interventions are required for multiple perspectives of breathlessness that may still be present after disease-specific therapies. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms and effects of l-menthol on breathlessness by covering the latest relevant papers.

Recent findings
A literature review identified one randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of l-menthol on relieving breathlessness in patients with COPD. It has been reported that the mechanism of relieving breathlessness partly involves stimulation of the trigeminal nerve by the cooling sensation of l-menthol, which gives a cognitive illusion of inspiratory flow perception. The effect of l-menthol on breathlessness caused by exertion has been reported in healthy subjects but not yet in patients with breathlessness.

Summary
The effect of l
-menthol on the sensory-emotional dimensions of laboratory-induced breathlessness in patients with COPD has been described in a clinical trial. Further studies are warranted to investigate its application to inspiratory muscle training and its effects in combination with exercise training.
Non-invasive ventilation support for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: multidisciplinary team management
Authors: Barry Caroline , Larner Emma , Copsey Helen , Smith Matthew , Peryer Guy 
Published: September 2021

Purpose of review
To summarise recent developments in the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (pwALS), with a specific focus on how multidisciplinary teams (MDT) can support best practice.

Recent findings
We included 13 papers, 12 with observational designs and one qualitative interview design. The review is structured using four content domains: prognosis, the effectiveness of NIV, NIV tolerance, and MDT structure and delivery. Findings suggest a modest survival benefit of NIV for pwALS. Further evidence is needed to consider the appropriate time of initiation in the context of respiratory status and the influence of NIV on cognitive function over the course of the disease. A key emerging determinant of tolerability of NIV is secretion load. Palliative care professionals within the MDT can play a key role in supporting pwALS to consider the potential benefits of NIV in the context of their preferences, prognosis, symptom burden, and ALS variant.

Summary
ALS MDTs allow timely information sharing about NIV between experts that is likely to improve outcomes. MDT practice must continually adapt to reflect pwALS's preferences for care and ensure those caring for them at home have access to support using digital innovations.
A scoping review of unmet needs of caregivers of patients with pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Klein Sara , Logan Ayaba , Lindell Kathleen Oare 
Published: September 2021

Purpose of review
Pulmonary fibrosis is an incurable lung disease that leads to significant morbidity. In many patients, pulmonary fibrosis is progressive causing debilitating dyspnea that impairs patients’ ability to perform everyday tasks and maintain independence. Informal caregivers provide invaluable support for patients with pulmonary fibrosis; however, support for the caregiver is inadequate. The purpose of this scoping review is to identify unmet needs for caregivers of pulmonary fibrosis patients.

Recent findings
During the past 18 months, there has been an increase in studies about the impact of pulmonary fibrosis on the caregiver or carer of the patient with pulmonary fibrosis. These carers experience caregiver burden which includes negative psychological and physical effects on caregiver health because of the challenge in caring for someone with pulmonary fibrosis. Caregivers describe the need for help navigating the healthcare system. This includes supportive and informational needs, lack of access to comprehensive patient-centred care, geographically accessible specialty centres and psychological support for both patient and caregiver.

Summary
Caregivers of pulmonary fibrosis patients have numerous unmet care needs that include education about the disease, symptom management, financial assistance, access to specialty centres, advanced care planning and psychological support. This resulting caregiver burden can be alleviated with comprehensive support tailored throughout the disease course.
Enoxaparin titrated by anti-Xa levels reduces venous thromboembolism in trauma patients
Authors: Gates Rebecca S. , Lollar Daniel I. , Collier Bryan R. , Smith Jacob , Faulks Emily R. , Gillen Jacob R. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND
Trauma is a major risk factor for the development of a venous thromboembolism (VTE). After observing higher than expected VTE rates within our center’s Trauma Quality Improvement Program data, we instituted a change in our VTE prophylaxis protocol, moving to enoxaparin dosing titrated by anti-Xa levels. We hypothesized that this intervention would lower our symptomatic VTE rates.

METHODS
Adult trauma patients at a single institution meeting National Trauma Data Standard criteria from April 2015 to September 2019 were examined with regards to VTE chemoprophylaxis regimen and VTE incidence. Two groups of patients were identified based on VTE protocol—those who received enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily without routine anti-Xa levels (“pre”) versus those who received enoxaparin 40 mg twice daily with dose titrated by serial anti-Xa levels (“post”). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to define statistically significant differences in VTE incidence between the two cohorts.

RESULTS
There were 1698 patients within the “pre” group and 1406 patients within the “post” group. The two groups were essentially the same in terms of demographics and risk factors for bleeding or thrombosis. There was a statistically significant reduction in VTE rate (p = 0.01) and deep vein thrombosis rate (p = 0.01) but no significant reduction in pulmonary embolism rate (p = 0.21) after implementation of the anti-Xa titration protocol. Risk-adjusted Trauma Quality Improvement Program data showed an improvement in rate of symptomatic pulmonary embolism from fifth decile to first decile.

CONCLUSION
A protocol titrating prophylactic enoxaparin dose based on anti-Xa levels reduced VTE rates. Implementation of this type of protocol requires diligence from the physician and pharmacist team. Further research will investigate the impact of protocol compliance and time to appropriate anti-Xa level on incidence of VTE.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/care management, Level IV.
Fetal and neonatal outcomes following maternal aortic balloon occlusion for hemorrhage in pregnancy: A review of the literature
Authors: Theodorou Christina M. , Rinderknecht Tanya N. , Girda Eugenia , Galante Joseph M. , Russo Rachel M. 
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND
Hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal death worldwide, with increased risk in women with abnormal placentation. Aortic balloon occlusion (ABO), including resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion, has been used for obstetrical hemorrhage for 20 years, and is associated with decreased operative blood loss, fewer transfusions, and lower rates of hysterectomy. However, the effect of aortic occlusion on fetal/neonatal outcomes is not well known.

METHODS
A literature review on ABO for obstetrical or traumatic hemorrhage was performed. Cases were included if fetal/neonatal outcomes were reported. Data were collected on timing of balloon inflation (predelivery or postdelivery), fetal/neonatal mortality, and Apgar scores. Secondary maternal outcomes included blood loss, need for hysterectomy, ABO-related complications, and mortality.

RESULTS
Twenty-one reports of ABO in 825 cases of obstetrical hemorrhage were reviewed (nine case reports/series and twelve comparative studies). 13.5% (111/825) had aortic occlusion prior to delivery of the fetus. Comparative cohorts included 448 patients who underwent iliac artery balloon occlusion (n = 219) or no vascular balloon occlusion (n = 229). The most common neonatal outcome reported was Apgar scores, with no difference in fetal/neonatal outcomes between ABO and non-ABO patients in any study. One neonatal mortality occurred in the sole reported case of ABO use in a pregnant trauma patient at 24 weeks gestation. One maternal mortality occurred because of aortic dissection. Five comparative studies reported significantly decreased blood loss in ABO patients compared to non-ABO patients, and four studies reported significantly lower rates of hysterectomy in ABO patients. ABO-related complications were reported in 1.6% of patients (13/825).

CONCLUSION
Obstetrical hemorrhage is a devastating complication, and ABO may potentially decrease blood loss and reduce the hysterectomy rate without compromising fetal and neonatal outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the safety of predelivery aortic occlusion as this occurred in 14% of the cases.
Neuro-Behçe Disease Causing Nuclear/Fascicular Forth Nerve Palsy
Authors: Kisilevsky Eli , Margolin Edward A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract:
Neuro-Behçe disease (NBD) has a predilection for affecting the parenchyma of the upper brainstem; however, involvement of the fourth nerve nucleus or fascicle by NBD has not been previously described. We report a case of a young man with acute right fourth nerve palsy and history of Behçet disease with an enhancing lesion in the left caudal midbrain corresponding to the left trochlear nerve nucleus/fascicle. This is the first described case of NBD producing nuclear/fascicular fourth nerve palsy. It also demonstrates an important clinicoanatomical correlate of decussation of fourth nerve fibers to the opposite side after exiting the midbrain.
Loss of function mutation inELF4causes autoinflammatory and immunodeficiency disease in human
Authors: Sun Gan , Qiu Luyao , An Yunfei , Ding Yuan , Zhou Lina , Wu Junfeng , Tang Xuemei , Xia Huawei , Cao Lili , You Fuping , Zhao Xiaodong , Du Hongqiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMonogenic autoinflammatory diseases (mAIDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases affecting primarily innate immunity, with various specific genetic causes. Genetic diagnosis of mAIDs can assist in the patient’s management and therapy. However, a large number of sporadic and familial cases remain genetically uncharacterized. Here, we described a pediatric patient suffering from recurrent viral and bacterial respiratory infection, refractory oral ulcer and constipation, who was clinically diagnosed of inborn errors of immunity (IEI). In an effort to establish genetic diagnosis, no known causative genes were identified by whole-exome sequencing. However, manually going through bioinformatically predicted candidate genes, we suspected and prioritizedELF4(chrX:129205133 A>G, c.691T>C, p.W231R) as the genetic cause for our patient. We then evaluated the pathogenicity of this mutation by both various bioinformatic methods and preliminary but definitive experimental approach. Our data suggested that W231R mutant ELF4 is a “loss of function” mutation causing decreased protein stability and decreased trans-activation activity. Thus, we identified a novel mAID, which we termed “X-linked autoinflammatory and immunodeficiency disease associated with ELF4, X-AIDE”.
Comparison of adverse events between COVID-19 and Flu vaccines
Authors: Pradhan Prajwal Mani , Shen Zhoutian , Li Changye , Remucal Michael J. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAmong the various driving factors for vaccine hesitancy, confidence in the safety associated with the vaccine constitutes as one of the key factors. This study aimed at comparing the adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines with the Flu vaccines.METHODSThe VAERS data from 01/01/2020 to 08/20/2021 were used. The MedDRA terms coded by VAERS were further aggregated by a clinician into clinically meaningful broader terms.RESULTSVarious common adverse events between Flu and COVID-19 vaccines have been identified. Adverse events such as headache and fever were very common across all age groups. Among the common adverse events between Flu and COVID-19 vaccine, the relative risk along with 95% CI indicated that such common adverse events were more likely to be experienced by COVID-19 vaccine users than Flu vaccine users. Our study also quantified the proportion of rare adverse events such as Guillain Barre Syndrome and Gynecological changes in the VAERS database for COVID-19 vaccines.CONCLUSIONSBased on the available data and results, it appears that there were some common adverse events between Flu vaccines and COVID-19 vaccines. These identified common adverse events warrant further investigations based on the relative risk and 95% CI.
Assessment of community efforts to advance computational prediction of protein-protein interactions
Authors: Wang Xu-Wen , Madeddu Lorenzo , Spirohn Kerstin , Martini Leonardo , Fazzone Adriano , Becchetti Luca , Wytock Thomas P. , Kovács István A. , Balogh Olivér M. , Benczik Bettina , Pétervári Mátyás , Ágg Bence , Ferdinandy Péter , Vulliard Loan , Menche Jörg , Colonnese Stefania , Petti Manuela , Scarano Gaetano , Cuomo Francesca , Hao Tong , Laval Florent , Willems Luc , Twizere Jean-Claude , Calderwood Michael A. , Petrillo Enrico , Barabási Albert-László , Silverman Edwin K. , Loscalzo Joseph , Velardi Paola , Liu Yang-Yu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractComprehensive insights from the human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, known as the human interactome, can provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms of complex biological processes and diseases. Despite the remarkable experimental efforts undertaken to date to determine the structure of the human interactome, many PPIs remain unmapped. Computational approaches, especially network-based methods, can facilitate the identification of new PPIs. Many such approaches have been proposed. However, a systematic evaluation of existing network-based methods in predicting PPIs is still lacking. Here, we report community efforts initiated by the International Network Medicine Consortium to benchmark the ability of 24 representative network-based methods to predict PPIs across five different interactomes, including a synthetic interactome generated by the duplication-mutation-complementation model, and the interactomes of four different organisms:A. thaliana,C. elegans,S. cerevisiae, andH. sapiens. We selected the top-seven methods through a computational validation on the human interactome. We next experimentally validated their top-500 predicted PPIs (in total 3,276 predicted PPIs) using the yeast two-hybrid assay, finding 1,177 new human PPIs (involving 633 proteins). Our results indicate that task-tailored similarity-based methods, which leverage the underlying network characteristics of PPIs, show superior performance over other general link prediction methods. Through experimental validation, we confirmed that the top-ranking methods show promising performance externally. For example, from the top 500 PPIs predicted by an advanced similarity-base method [MPS(B&T)], 430 were successfully tested by Y2H with 376 testing positive, yielding a precision of 87.4%. These results establish advanced similarity-based methods as powerful tools for the prediction of human PPIs.
Pre-clinical Research of Human Amnion-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and its First Clinical Treatment for a Severe Uremic Calciphylaxis Patient
Authors: Qin Lianju , Zhang Jing , Xiao Yujie , Liu Kang , Cui Yugui , Xu Fangyan , Ren Wenkai , Yuan Yanggang , Jiang Chunyan , Ning Song , Zeng Ming , Yang Guang , Qian Hanyang , Bian Anning , Li Fan , Ye Xiaoxue , Tang Shaowen , Dai Juncheng , Guo Jing , Wang Qiang , Sun Bin , Ge Yifei , Ouyang Chun , Xu Xueqiang , Wang Jing , Huang Yaoyu , Cui Hongqing , Zhou Jing , Wang Meilian , Su Zhonglan , Lu Yan , Wu Di , Zhang Zhihong , Shi Jingping , Liu Wei , Dong Li , Pan Yinbing , Zhao Baiqiao , Cui Ying , Gao Xueyan , Gao Zhanhui , Ma Xiang , Chen Aiqin , Wang Jie , Cao Meng , Cui Qian , Chen Li , Chen Feng , Yu Youjia , Ji Qiang , Zhang Zhiwei , Gu Mufeng , Zhuang Xiaojun , Lv Xiaolin , Wang Hui , Pan Yanyan , Wang Ling , Xu Xianrong , Zhao Jing , Wang Xiuqin , Liu Cuiping , Liang Ningxia , Xing Changying , Liu Jiayin , Wang Ningning 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCalciphylaxis is a rare disease characterized histologically by microvessel calcification and microthrombosis, with high mortality and no proven therapy. We reported a severe uremic calciphylaxis patient with progressive skin ischemia, large areas of painful malodorous ulcers and mummified legs. Because of her rapid progression and refractory to conventional therapy, human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) treatment was approved. Establishment and release inspection of hAMSCs, efficacy and safety assessment including cytokines secretory ability, immunocompetence, tumorigenicity and genetics analysisin vitrowere introduced. We further performed acute and long-term hAMSC toxity evaluations in C57BL/6 mice/rats, abnormal immune response tests in C57BL/6 mice and tumorigenic tests in the neonatal NU nude mice. After pre-clinical research, she was treated by hAMSCs with intravenous and local intramuscular injection and external supernatants application to her ulcers. When followed up to 15 months, her blood-based markers of bone and mineral metabolism were improved, with regeneration of skin soft tissue and a more favorable profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Skin biopsy after 1 month treatment showed vascular regeneration with mature non-calcified vessels within dermis and 20 months later re-epithelialization restored the integrity of damaged site. No infusion or local treatment related adverse events occurred. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence for the clinical use of hAMSCs. These findings suggest hAMSCs warrant further investigation as a potential regenerative treatment for uremic calciphylaxis with effects of inhibiting vascular calcification, stimulating angiogenesis and myogenesis, anti-inflammatory and immune modulation, multi-differentiation, re-epithelialization and restorage of integrity.