bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality Characteristics of Body Cream with the Addition of Gelatin from Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Scales as an Emulsifier
Authors: Rahmandari F , Swastawati F , Kurniasih R A 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGelatin is type of protein extracted from the skin collagen tissue, bone or connective tissue of animals. Gelatin is commonly used as a thickener, an edible film, and an emulsifier whether in food, cosmetic or pharmacy. This research aimed to examine the effect of adding gelatin as an emulsifier in cosmetic products, namely body cream. The treatment has tilapia scales gelatin with different concentrations, 0% as a control, 5%, 7%, and 9%. The difference in gelatin concentration had significantly different on the hedonic test, pH value, and specific gravity of body cream. The difference of the result shown in total bacteria and irritation test were significant. Overall, body cream characteristics with 9% gelatin had better values than the control, 5% and 7% gelatin. The body cream with 9% gelatin was pleasant for the panelists with hedonic value of 8.30<μ <8.48, pH 4.86, viscosity 98.13 Poise, specific gravity 1.03 g/mL, no bacteria, and non-irritation symptoms. Thus, tilapia scale gelatin has great potential to be developed as an emulsifier in body creams.
The Change in Elevation, Land Subsidence and Local Sea Level Rise Using Coastal Response Model in Jakarta
Authors: Asmadin  , Siregar V P , Sofian I , Jaya I , Wijanarto A B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The rapid urban development activities on the coast of Jakarta has a major impact on the risk of land subsidence. This land subsidence causes significant changes in land elevation. Especially, the coastal areas of Jakarta receive the risk of inundation. The primary purpose of this research was to examine the responses of Jakarta coastal areas based on land subsidence rates of a 24-day baseline data of SAR Sentinel 1A, and local sea-level rise prediction from MOTIWALI data. The methods used in this research were an interferometric SAR (InSAR) and Coastal Response Models. The results of this study indicate that the coastal model response using adjusted elevation based on interferogram elevation and land subsidence rates of SAR Sentinel A1 in a relatively short time (monthly) escalates the evaluation of areas with potential undergoing inundation impacts. Jakarta coastal area receives a greater response with changes in the elevation adjustment based on the local sea-level rise of 0.54 m and land subsidence rates of 0.02. The model demonstrates that the coastal landscape of Jakarta was not possessing the capacity to respond to sea-level rise. Coastal dikes are quite effective as an initial defense in the event of extreme sea waves. The coastal response model using SAR Sentinel 1A data can respond to resource management decisions in coastal areas, and improve assessments quickly that consider the impacts of future land subsidence and local sea-level rise.
Shallow Subsurface Sediment Characteristics of Northern Obira Coastal Based on Georadar Facies Interpretation
Authors: Sugiarto B , Prasetyo F B , Zulfikar M , Latuputty G , Zuraida R , Gustiantini L , Noviadi Y , Hernawan U 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Georadar (GPR) as a non-destructive technique has been used extensively for geological research. The study was conducted in order to identify coastal sediment characteristics of northern Obi coastal area by performing GPR radar facies analysis. The model of GPR used was Sirveyor 20 with MLF antenna frequency 40 Mhz, penetration depth was 10 meter, and Radan 5 as processing software which include time zero correction, spatial filtering, deconvolution, migration, adjustment amplitude and signal gain. Data interpretation describes georadar image/radargram based on radar facies methodology. The result showed three differences of radar facies unit. The radar facies unit can be divided into 2 facies units in which there are 2 other sub-units, namely unit 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B. Radar facies characterized by medium-high amplitude, continuous parallel-subparallel, medium-weak reflector. At the top part down to 3.75 m is Unit 1A that intersects with 1B. Below 3.75 – 7.75 m depth interval is Unit 2A, and unit 2B is from 7.75-10 meter depth interval. Unit 1 is interpreted as Quartenary alluvium (Qa) and unit B is Woi Formation (Tmpw). Radar facies characteristic indicated the differences of the geological unit.
Distribution of DO (Dissolved Oxygen) and BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) in the Waters of Karimunjawa National Park using Two-Dimensional Model Approach
Authors: Rizki N , Maslukah L , Sugianto D N , Wirasatriya A , Zainuri M , Ismanto A , Purnomo A R , Ningrum A D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Massive mangrove conversion into intensive pond farming has become environmental problem in Kemujan Island and Karimunjawa Island which affect the water quality. This research aimed to examine the dispersion of DO and BOD related to the current pattern in the seas west of Kemujan Island and Karimunjawa Island by using two-dimensional modelling simulations. Quantitative and descriptive methods were used to provide interpretation and analysis of the modelling simulation results. Modelling simulations were conducted in September 2019. The validation results show that the model and the field measurements has a very good. The results show that the current characteristics are dominated by tidal current, which moves westward with an average magnitude of 0.078 m/s. Furthermore, divergence, convergence and turbulence are also identified. Based on the simulation results, the prediction of DO and BOD concentrations fluctuate in Lagoon Mrican. During spring tide, the DO concentration changes from 7.95 - 8.1 mg/L into 8.55 - >9.45 mg/L and during neap tide, it changes from 8.55 - 8.7 mg/L into 9.15 - >9.45 mg/L. On the other hand, the BOD concentration increases from 0 - 0.08 mg/L to 0.88 - 0.96 mg/L during spring tide and neap tide.
Stratification on the Vertical Structure of the Tidal Ellipse and Power Density Estimation in the Larantuka Strait, East Flores Based on ADCP Measurement Data
Authors: Siagian H , Ismanto A , Putra T W L , Pranata  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An understanding of tidal current stratification with a tidal ellipse in coastal oceanography is needed, especially in the development of power density for renewable energy. The movement of the water mass can be converted into power density, by optimizing potential energy (sea level) and kinetic energy (tidal currents). Interaction between tidal current and stratification layer has been of importance to optimize the energy conversion (also turbine selection) at each depth layer. The stratification on the vertical structure can be described by variability of the tidal ellipse, in terms of the semi-major axis, the semi-minor axis, the direction of rotation, ellipticity, inclination angle and phase. ADCP measurement is implemented at Larantuka Strait to examine the tidal behavior on a vertical layer of depth. M2 tidal constituent presents the highest amplitudes among the tidal constituents, predominantly straight line, being the most energetic in Larantuka Strait. M2 constituent the highest major-axis at the near-surface layer when compared with S2 with 243.7 cm/s, 128.9cm/s respectively. Most ellipses rotate clockwise 74° as inclination characterizes the current ellipse orientation. Estimation power density conversion is shown >20.000 kW/m2, with power density average 5014.9 Watt/m2 in spring tide condition. Power density degenerates at the near-surface layer following changes in the depth layer, major-minor axis, inclination angle, and tidal phase of the tidal ellipse.
Preliminary Evaluation of Anti Fish Pathogenic Bacteria and Metabolite Profile of Andaliman Fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) Ethanol Extract
Authors: Frederick E H , Sibero M T , Wijaya A P , Syafitri E , Siswanto A Puspitarini , Murwani R , Wijayanti D P , Sabdono A , Pringgenies D , Radjasa O K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) is an endemic plant commonly utilized by people in North Sumatera as an additional food ingredient regarding its intense flavor. The previous study has proven that the andaliman fruit showed antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The purposes of this research were to evaluate the antibacterial activity of andaliman fruit ethanol extract against fish pathogenic bacteria and understand its metabolite profile. The extraction was carried out using the maceration method with agitation (115 r.p.m) for 24 hours in ethanol. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and phytochemical test were carried out to characterized the secondary metabolite. The antibacterial activity evaluation was conducted using the paper disc diffusion method against Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio harveyi. Ethanol extract of andaliman fruit gave 16 spots on the TLC plate, while the phytochemical results showed the presence of tannin, flavonoid, terpenoid steroid, and quinone. Besides, the evaluation of antibacterial activity gave negative results against fish pathogenic bacteria.
Preliminary Screening of Carbohydrase-Producing Bacteria from Chaetomorpha sp. in Sepanjang Beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya A P , Sibero M T , Zilda D S , Windiyana A N , Wijayanto A , Frederick E H , Murwani R , Wijayanti D P , Sabdono A , Pringgenies D , Radjasa O K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Enzyme is a biocatalyst that has been known for its function in various industrial applications. One of the potential natural producers of enzymes is seaweed associated bacteria. Seaweed associated bacteria has been studied as a natural source of carbohydrase such as carrageenase, alginate lyase, and agarase. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of seaweed associated bacteria from Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia as a source of carbohydrase enzymes. A total of 13 bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from Chaetomorpha sp. in Sepanjang Beach. Enzymatic activity was measured through cultivation of each bacterium on semi-solid media with addition of substrate of each enzyme. The results showed that 3 isolates (GK.6.10; GK.6.11; GK.6.12) had clear zones around the growing colonies in medium containing 0,2% starch and 2% κ-carrageenan. Meanwhile, 4 isolates (GK.6.3; GK.6.10; GK.6.11; and GK.6.12) showed clear zones in medium containing 0,5% alginate and 2% agar indicating the production of alginate lyase and agarase enzyme. Bacteria GK.6.10; GK.6.11; and GK.6.12 were identified as Salinicola zeshunii, Bacillus piscis, and Bacillus licheniformis with BLAST homology 95.23%, 99.46%, and 99.26%.
Benthic Habitat Mapping using Sentinel 2A: A preliminary Study in Image Classification Approach in An Absence of Training Data
Authors: Munawaroh  , Rudiastuti AW , Dewi RS , Ramadhani YH , Rahadiati A , Sutrisno D , Ambarwulan W , Pujawati I , Suryanegara E , Wijaya SW , Hartini S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Numerous approaches for deriving benthic habitat mapping from visible spectrums of remotely-sensed imagery have been widely used, but image classification without training data for remote benthic habitat remains a few. In many cases, the collection of the needed ground-truth data is often prohibitively expensive or logistically infeasible. This will prevent us from providing training data for image classification purposes. In this paper, we evaluated the accuracy of the classification of benthic habitat from Sentinel 2A imagery in an absence of training data in the optically shallow water of Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia. Benthic Habitat map was produced from geometrically, radiometrically, and water column corrected Sentinel 2A images. For water column correction, we performed Depth Invariant Index (DII) transformation. It was followed by the classification of Sentinel 2A imagery by applying unsupervised classification, such as IsoData and K-means algorithm. From the experiment, we produced four habitat classes. The analyses result for each unsupervised classification shows that the overall accuracy of IsoData and K-Means was 47.98% and 55.64%. However, the results of the Kappa coefficient show that the IsoData algorithm has slightly better accuracy of benthic habitat mapping (0.39) rather than K-Means (0.30).
Characterization of Charcoal From Kerandang (Channa pleurophthalma Bleeker) Fish Fins Waste As A Source of Hydroxiapatite
Authors: Aryani  , Riyadi P H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aims to characterize the charcoal from the fins waste of the Kerandang fish, namely from the dorsal (DF), pectoral (PF), ventral (VF), anal (AF), and caudal fin (CF). The charcoal as a source of hydroxyapatite. Qualitative characterization used a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transfer Infra-Red (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The charcoal’s chemical composition consists of Carbon, Oxygen, Sodium, Magnesium, Phosphor, Sulfur, and Chlorine, Potassium, and Calcium. The highest carbon element was 67.74% in the caudal fins. The lowest chemical element in the element sulfur is 0.197% in the dorsal fins. SEM photos show that the charcoal from the caudal fins has more pores than the other fins. The FTIR results show that the functional groups contained in the charcoal from the fins are NH, OH, CO, C=O, C=C, S1-O, and CH groups, with wave numbers 1032-1036 cm−1. The absorption area of the S1-O group (silica), where the silica group from charcoal, has the highest intensity. XRD results showed that the charcoal from fish fins of Kerandang contained 100% hydroxyapatite.
Physical Oceanography Condition and the Turbulent Mixing in Mid-upper Layer of the Eastern Indian Ocean during the InaPRIMA Cruise 2019
Authors: Firdaus R , Populasi C S , Maulida T , Rahayu S P , Pramujo B , Widiaratih R , Rajaguguk W L P , Putra P R , Manoto H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Turbulent mixing in the ocean has a significant role in weather and climate, especially concerning flux between the ocean and atmosphere. This research aims to study physical oceanography conditions and quantify the turbulent mixing in the Eastern Indian Ocean during the InaPRIMA cruise in November 2019. The CTD data from five meridional stations were processed to determine the oceanographic condition. Water mass stratification was determined by a temperature gradient of 0.05°C/m for thermocline boundaries, and turbulent mixing was calculate using the Thorpe method. The results showed that the mixed layer depth (MLD) varied between 16.41-45.74 m, while the depth of the thermocline layer ranged from 178.3-237.0 m. The MLD was getting deeper to the north, while thermocline depth tends to be shallower associated with the wind speed. The Thorpe analysis for all CTD showed that overturn with size varies between 2.5-30 m was identified. The turbulent kinetic energy was ranged from an order of 10−8 to 10−6 Wkg−1, while the turbulent diffusivity was ranged from an order of 10−4 to 10−2 m2s−1. Turbulence mixing in MLD suggests driving by wind stress, while in thermocline because of shear instability and double-diffusive salt fingering and in deep layer because of topography.
A Preliminary Study of Land Use Change and Hydro-meteorological Disaster in The North Coast of Central Java
Authors: Putri I H S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The upstream-downstream area of the north coast of Central Java is categorized as a rapid development area that results in changes in land use and land cover. This region is also prone to floods, landslides, and drought. Land-use change contributes to climate change, increasing disasters such as sea-level rise, erosion, rising surface temperatures, floods, landslides, and droughts. Moreover, hydrometeorological disasters caused by human activity damages the river basin ecosystems, especially land use and land cover changes. This study aims to prove that land-use difference does matter for hydrometeorological disasters in the North Coast River Basin of Central Java in terms of the upstream and downstream areas using a quantitative method and GIS. The river basins are Jratunseluna, Bodri Kuto, Pemali Comal, and Wiso Gelis. The results indicate that from 2009 to 2018, the midstream and upstream river basins areas show the highest land use change compared to downstream. This study also finds that forests reduced significantly in the Central Java river basin, one of the disaster drivers. Above all, through this research, hydrometeorological disaster mitigation efforts in the north coast river basin in Central Java can be appropriately identified.
The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Effect on Upwelling in The North Maluku Sea
Authors: Putri I W , Wirasatriya A , Kunarso  , Ramdani F , Jalil A R , Prasetyawan I B 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe north Maluku Sea has a high wind speed in the southeast season caused an increase in the Ekman transport at the coastal area so affects in rising of chlorophyll-a and the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is cooling, who indicates the upwelling phenomenon. Upwelling in the North Maluku Sea is a type of coastal Upwelling where it occurs on the coast with a depth of more than 1500 m. The intensity of Upwelling is influenced by climate variability, one of which is El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). By using remote sensing is chlorophyll-a data, SST, wind obtained from satellite imagery, and the value Ekman Mass Transport (EMT) with method composite formula. This research aims to know the influence of climate variability ENSO against the phenomenon of upwelling that occurred in the North Maluku Sea in the southeast season. Effect of climate variability ENSO at the time of El Niño (La Niña), chlorophyll-a concentration has positive (negative) anomalies, negative (positive) SST anomaly and wind conditions thus causing EMT energy to increase (decrease).
Morphometric Distribution of Java Eel Anguilla sp. Caught from Different Estuaries of Central Java
Authors: Taufiq-Spj N , Hutabarat J , Trianto A , Sugianto D N , Santosa G W , Pratikto I , Ario R , Indarjo A , Suryono S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Morphometric analysis is one of the procedures that can be used for identifying organism species. Determination of the long and shortfin eel (Anguilla sp.) is usually based on the specific measurements of the dorsal and anal fin. This study aims to evaluate a variety of pre-dorsal (PD/TL %), pre-anal (PA/TL %), and ano-dorsal ratio (AD %) in the different eel size classes and variation of sizes among Central Java estuaries. Samples (148 eels) were taken from riverine, marshes, and impounding seawater of Central Java estuaries in July 2019. The results show that the widest ranges of PD/TL, PA/TL, and AD ratios (%) were 12.98 – 48.18 %, 19.03 – 50.78 %, and -6.56 to 32.88 %, respectively, which were found in Gatel riverine of Nusawungu. Those values overlap with the species of Anguilla interioris, A. megastoma, A. nebulosa nebulosa, A. labiata, A. marmorata, A. bicolor bicolor, and even A. b. pacifica. Percentage value in a certain ranges of A-D were dominated by 0 - 3.6 % (96.3 %) and 14.1 – 19.3 % (3.7 %). This can be concluded that during the months of July, the short-fin eel (known as A. b. bicolor) had been dominated to be caught from Southern Central Java Estuaries than a long-fin eel.
The Effect of Starting Shocking Time on Carbon, Nitrogen, and Organic Matter Absorption of Bacillus megaterium BM1 in Vegetative and Sporulation Phases
Authors: Mahariawan I M D , Kusuma W E , Yuniarti A , Hariati A M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The application of shock induction is concerned with the sporulation. The essential indicator of the vegetative cell and spore quantities is influenced by the absorption of the organic compound components. The principal objective of this experiment was to establish the impact of starting shocking time on organic carbon, total nitrogen, and organic matter absorbed by B. megaterium BM1 in vegetative and sporulation phases. This research was conducted in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks with 200 ml media and was added with 1% (v/v) bacterial starter (1.7 × 108 cells/ml−1). The test media were incubated at 37 °C and shocking started at 5, 10, and 15 hours after inoculation, respectively. The sample from each test medium was measured as much as 15 ml to calculate organic compound uptake. The results showed that the carbon and nitrogen concentrations in the culture media are decreasing from the vegetative phase to the sporulation period throughout the given treatments. The highest organic carbon and total nitrogen absorption in vegetative phase occurred at the starting shocking at 10th hour and 15th hour with a value of more than 30%. However, in the sporulation, the highest of three parameters happened in the starting shocking time at the 5th hour.
Breakfast Cereal in Flakes Form Based on Millet Flour and Snakehead Fish Koya
Authors: Anandito RBK , Siswanti  , Purnamayati L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine the formulation of flakes made from millet flour and snakehead fish Koya based on its physical, chemical, and sensory properties. The ingredients used were millet flour, snakehead fish koya, sugar, margarine, skim milk and egg. Koya is a savory powder and usually added to traditional Indonesian foods such as Soto and noodles. The initial formulation was determined with a mass balance of the ingredients. The variations of millet flour and snakehead fish koya were 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, and 40:60. All treatments were carried out sensory evaluation using a hedonic test, proximate analysis, calories analysis using bomb calorimetry methods, and physical analysis using a texture profile analyzer. The Compensatory model was used in this study to determine the best formula based on all parameters. The results of this study showed that the best formula of flakes had compositions of millet flour 60% and snakehead fish koya 40%. The physical properties showed that its hardness, fracturablity, crispness, and crunchiness in milk values respectively were 1.41 N, 1.02 N, 39.90, and 8.09 minutes. Chemical properties showed that its moisture, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, and total calorie content were 2.23%, 3.18%, 14.01%, 19.32%, 61.25%, and 240.81 kcal/50 g, respectively. Sensory analysis showed a brownish color, fishy aroma, fishy taste, and crunchy texture.
Length-Weight Ratio and Condition Factor of Endemic Fish Oryzias nigrimas (Kottelat, 1990) in Poso Lake, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Serdiati N , Arfiati D , Widodo M S , Lelono T D , Masyahoro A , Hasanah N , Gani A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the length-weight relationship (LWR) and condition factor of the endemic fish Oryzias nigrimas in Lake Poso and took place from May 2017 until April 2018. A total of 645 O. nigrimas samples were analysed (137 males and 508 females). The length-weight equation was 1.55 × 106 L2.346 for males and W = 3.95 × 106 L2.107 for females. The LWR coefficient b was b = 2.346 for males and b = 2.107 for females (combined value 2.155) which means that b < 3, indicating O. nigrimas is a fish with an allometric negative growth pattern. The condition factor ranged from 0.945-1.091 for males and 0.940-1.107 for females. Overall, the condition factor (Kn) ranged from 0.940 - 1.091, indicating that the sampled fish could be considered in a normal condition. Kn appeared to be related to reproduction with the average Kn value of both male and female fish, being highest in September and February during peak spawning seasons.