bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Una Investigación Histórica sobre la Formación del Bloque Hegemónico de los Estados Unidos en las Américas
Authors: Nourigholamizadeh Elaheh 
Published: October 2021

Desde la Doctrina Monroe (1823) hasta el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, los Estados Unidos tomó gradualmente el lugar de las potencias colonialistas europeas en América Latina y empleó una amplia gama de los compromisos políticos en los países de región que le brindaron una potencia dominante en el hemisferio occidental. Durante la Guerra Fría, las políticas intervencionistas de los EE.UU. en los asuntos domésticos de los países latinoamericanos establecieron la “hegemonía estadounidense en América Latina”. Una investigación histórica sobre las relaciones de los países americanos muestra que según la perspectiva neo-Gramsciana, la hegemonía liberal de los EE.UU. en América Latina es preservada y promovida por tres pilares: cultura liberal; organizaciones interamericanas; y capacidades militares y económicas. Estos tres pilares también se han extendido a otras partes del mundo.
From the Monroe Doctrine (1823) to the end of World War II, the United States gradually took the place of the European colonial powers in Latin America and employed a wide range of political engagements in the countries of the region that gave it a dominant power in the Western Hemisphere. During the Cold War, US interventionist policies in the domestic affairs of the Latin American countries established the “American hegemony in Latin America”. A historical research on the U.S-Latin America relations shows that according to the neo-Gramscian perspective, US liberal hegemony in Latin America is preserved and promoted by three pillars: liberal culture; inter-American organizations; and US military and economic capabilities. These three pillars have also spread to other parts of the world.
Response of Organic Manures, Inorganic Fertilizers and Bio-fertilizers on Qualitative and Quantitative Parameters of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Kumar S. Nantha , Ramanathan S. , Paramasivam M. 
Published: October 2021

Aims: To find out the response of combined use of organic, inorganic and bio-fertilizers of nutrients on quality of small onion Aggregatum cv. Thengaithittu.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design 9 treatment combinations with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted for two seasons at Adhiparasakthi Horticultural College farm situated at 12°15’N and 78° 20’E longitude, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India during the year 2014-2015.
Methodology: The treatments comprised of organic manures, inorganic fertilizer and bio-fertilizers with nine treatments viz., T1: NPK (60:60:30 kg/ha.), T2: Farm yard manure (FYM) (25t/ha.), T3: FYM (25t/ha.) + NPK (60:60:30 kg/ha.), T4: FYM (25t/ha.) +Azospirillum (2kg/ha.)+ NPK (30:30:15 kg/ha.), T5: FYM (25t/ha.) + Phosphobacteria (2kg/ha.) +NPK (60:30:30 kg/ha.), T6: FYM (25t/ha.) + Azospirillum (2kg/ha.) + Phosphobacteria (2kg/ha.) +NPK (30:30:15 kg/ha.), T7: FYM (25t/ha.)+NPK (60:60:30 kg/ha.) + gypsum (50kg/ha.), T8: FYM (25t/ha.) + Azospirillum (2kg/ha.) + Phosphobacteria (2kg/ha.) +NPK (30:30:15 kg/ha.) +gypsum (50 kg/ha.) and T9: FYM (25 kg/ha.) + gypsum (50 kg/ha.).
Results: The combined application of N, P, K, FYM, Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and gypsum significantly influenced the total soluble solids (15.77B°), ascorbic acid (14.76 mg/100g) and total sugars (14.72%) contents. The combined application of organic manures, inorganic and bio-fertilizers may be recommended to farmers to get good quality onion.
Exploring Correlations of COVID-19 Mortality Rates with Development Variables: The Case of Northeast India
Authors: Hazarika Bidyutt Bikash , Saikia Debajyoti Dutta , Boruah Bidyut Bikash , Nath Amrit Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Aim: This paper explores the correlation of the Covid-19 mortality rate with some other developmental variables. This study also attempts to highlight the state-wise variability in mortality rate in the Northeastern region of India.
Study Design: The study focuses on eight Northeastern states, correlating the Covid-19 mortality rate and other development (or socio-economic) variables. This study focuses on the region of North East India because there have been few investigations on Covid-19 in the region. This study follows a cross-sectional study design.
Duration of the Study: The study was conducted and completed around three months.
Methodology: The nature of the correlation between the mortality rate of Covid-19 and the other variables is determined by using the Karl Pearson correlation approach. We began by performing a correlation study and calculating the correlation coefficients.
Results: The results demonstrate that all independent variables adversely correlate with the Covid-19 mortality rate. Except for the number of doctors in district hospitals and health spending per capita, which have a moderate negative correlation with the predicted variable, all explanatory factors have a weak negative connection with the death rate. Surprisingly, both the NSDP per Capita and the case positivity rate have negative findings. Another major issue in the findings is that none of the factors statistically link with mortality.
Conclusion: This research shows that the more a state's socio-economic infrastructures, notably its health infrastructures, are developed, the lower the mortality rate in a pandemic will be.
Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation of Cenobamate in Bulk and Dosage form by Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Damodharan K. Athulya , Nuaman . , Archana M. , Palathingal Mariya , Ashisha P. , Marathakam Akash 
Published: October 2021

A simple, Precise, Accurate method was developed for the estimation of Cenobamate by RP-HPLC technique. Chromatographic conditions used are stationary phase symmetry C18 (150 mm* 4.6 mm 5 µm), mobile phase Acetonitrile: 0.01NKH2PO4in the ratio of 55:45 and flow rate was maintained at 1.0ml/min, detection wave length was 272.0 nm; column temperature was set to 30oC. Retention time was found to be 2.908 min. System suitability parameters were studied by injecting the standard six times and results were well under the acceptance criteria. Linearity study was carried out between 25% to150 % levels, R2 value was found to be as 0.999.Precision was found to be 0.5 for repeatability and 0.8 for intermediate precision. LOD and LOQ are 0.01µg/ml and 0.03µg/ml respectively. By using above method assay of marketed formulation was carried out 100.32% was present. Degradation studies of Cenobamate were done, in all conditions purity threshold was more than purity angle and within the acceptable range.
Meditation and Preventive Cardiac Health
Authors: Kumaar Sidhharrth S. 
Published: October 2021

Thanks to advancements in medical and technical therapy, heart failure (HF) patients are now better predicted. A longer lifespan is linked to an increase in the number of risky lifestyle factors and behaviours that put a person at risk for heart failure (HF) early on in life. Doctors dealing with this challenging illness place emphasis only on medicinal products or medical equipment, although changes in lifestyles may assist to prevent and cure heart failure and are often neglected. The effects of weight reduction and exercise on cardiovascular disease (HF), as well as the impact of nutritional supplements and mindfulness on the illness's causes, physiopathology, and therapy, were studied by researchers.
Flavored E-Cigarette Sales Restrictions and Young Adult Tobacco Use
Authors: Friedman Abigail S. , Pesko Michael F. , Whitacre Travis R. 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceMore than one-quarter of US residents live in states or localities that restrict sales of flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), often as a means to reduce youth vaping. Yet, how these policies affect young adult vaping and smoking remains unclear.ObjectiveTo estimate the effects of ENDS flavor restrictions on ENDS use and cigarette smoking among young adults (age 18-29 years) in the US.Design, Participants, and SettingThis quasi-experimental analysis used annual survey data from the 2016 to 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a series of nationally- and state-representative, repeated cross-sectional surveys of noninstitutionalized civilian adults in the US. Two-way fixed-effects specifications were estimated to assess how ENDS flavor restrictions affect young adults’ use of ENDS and cigarettes. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders including concurrent tobacco control policies, respondent demographic characteristics, and socioeconomic factors. Data analyses were conducted in November 2023 and repeated in October 2024 to incorporate newly released 2023 survey data.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCurrent and daily use of ENDS and of cigarettes as measured in the BRFSS.ResultsBalanced panel analyses of 242 154 individuals aged 18 to 29 years consistently found that state ENDS flavor restrictions were associated with statistically significant reductions in daily vaping and increases in daily cigarette smoking. Estimates were similar across robustness checks, with the main specification showing 3.6 (95% CI, −5.0 to −2.1) percentage point (ppt) reductions in daily vaping and 2.2 ppt increases in daily cigarette smoking (95% CI, 1.0 to 3.4) relative to changes in states without restrictions. These estimates are equivalent to an 80% reduction in daily vaping and 22% increase in daily smoking compared with 2018 mean rates.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this quasi-experimental analysis of BRFSS survey data indicate that state restrictions on flavored ENDS sales were associated with reduced vaping among young adults but may have unintentionally increased cigarette smoking, potentially offsetting public health gains. These findings suggest that alleviating the burden of tobacco-related disease will require regulatory strategies that balance reducing vaping with preventing increases in more lethal, combustible tobacco use.
Real‐world efficacy of transfusion with liberal or restrictive strategy in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Cui Liang‐Wen , Liu Nian , Yu Chao , Fang Ming , Huang Rui , Zhang Cheng , Shao Min 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe short‐term efficacy of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion among general traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is unclear.MethodsWe used the MIMIC database to compare the efficacy of liberal (10 g/dL) versus conservative (7 g/dL) transfusion strategy in TBI patients. The outcomes were neurological progression (decrease of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of at least 2 points) and death within 28 days of ICU admission. Each eligible individual was cloned and assigned each of the replicates to one of the treatment arm. The imbalance induced by informative censoring was adjusted by inverse probability weighting. The standardized, weighted pooled logistic regression with 500 bootstrap resampling was used to estimate the cumulative risk difference and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsOf the 1141 eligible individuals, 29.0% received RBC transfusion. Compared with the restrictive group, the liberal strategy reduced early death (3 days: 5%, 95% CI: 2%–7%; 7 days: 6%, 95% CI: 3%–11%); however, no significant difference of mortality risk at 28‐day or neurological progression risk at any time points was observed. The risk of coagulopathy at 3 days was increased by 7% (95% CI: 1%–19%) in the liberal group. The subgroup analysis indicated a beneficial effect of liberal transfusion on mortality in hemodynamically unstable patients.InterpretationCompared with the restrictive strategy, the liberal strategy does not improve the short‐term neurological prognosis and death among patients with TBI in a real‐world situation. The liberal strategy may be beneficial to survival at very early stage or in hemodynamically unstable subgroup.
In situ Synthesized Staggered‐Layer‐Boosted Flexible Ag2Se and Cu2Se Thin Films for Wearable Thermoelectric Power Generators
Authors: Zhang Dehui , Li Longbin , Zhang Xuanshuo , Guan Lifeng , Jin Shuai , Jia Jianchao , Wen Jinxiu , Zeng Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFlexible thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have been considered as a promising power source for rapidly developing wearable microelectronic devices, but how to integrate high‐performance materials and device design to prepare an available wearable TEGs is still challenging. In this study, n‐type silver selenide (Ag2Se) and p‐type copper selenide (Cu2Se) films are prepared by in situ full metal selenization strategy combined with screen‐printing technique, avoiding a high‐temperature process and expensive equipments. Further, a 3D structured thermoelectric module with 42 thermoelectric p‐n leg pairs is designed and configured by vertically embedding Ag₂Se and Cu₂Se thin films into a 4 mm‐thick silicone layer that provides insulation and structural support. The device consistently delivers power, achieving the maximum open‐circuit voltage of 113 mV at a temperature difference of 60 K, with a maximum power density of 234.3 µW cm−2. Under bending stress, the flexible TEG still has 81% retention rate of initial power density after 1500 bending cycles, indicating the good bending property. It can also generate a voltage of 3.6 and 7 mV, respectively, when worn on an arm with or without a fan expanding temperature difference. The work highlights a simple method to obtain efficient selenide thermoelectric films for cost‐effective flexible 3D structured TE devices.
Porous Materials with Water‐Triggered Instant Transformation to Robust Hydrogel Adhesives for Rapid Hemostasis of High‐Pressure Hemorrhages
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Wang Jianfei , Wang Xinping , Meng Yuanyuan , Feng Xiangzhen , Liu Gaoli , Wang Dong‐An , Fan Changjiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUncontrolled traumatic hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death. As two main forms of hemostatic materials, however, both sponges and hydrogel adhesives usually fail to control massive hemorrhage due to their respective shortcomings. Hemostatic sponge shows weak tissue adhesion, while the gelation process of hydrogel makes it difficult to seal high‐pressure bleeding wounds. There is an urgent need to develop next‐generation hemostats combining the advantages of sponges and hydrogel adhesives. Herein, a general methodology to prepare novel Fe3+‐laden porous material (Fe3+@GCS) for rapid hemostasis of the high‐pressure and ‌severe hemorrhages is proposed, which is fabricated by loading ferric chloride with ethanol into the catechol‐modified carboxylated gelatin sponge (GCS). Notably, porous Fe3+@GCS can undergo water‐triggered rapid transformation‌ to robust‐adhesive hydrogels. The sealing strength of Fe3+@GCS on wet tissues reaches an astonishing ≈600 mm Hg. Rapid water uptake of Fe3+@GCS around wound not only concentrates blood components but also excludes interfacial water, facilitating blood clotting and wound sealing with the in situ formed sticky hydrogel. Fe3+@GCS can efficiently stop the high‐pressure hemorrhaging from traumatic injuries of arteries and hearts in rats and pigs, respectively, via a simple and short‐time pressing. Furthermore, the wound sealing by Fe3+@GCS promotes wound repair and healing.
Crosslinking‐Modulated Hydrogel Piezoionic Senor for Pattern Security Authentication in Human‐Machine Interfaces
Authors: Sun Yue , Tian Guo , Yang Tao , Wang Shenglong , Lan Boling , Li Xuelan , Xu Tianpei , Jin Long , Deng Weili , Yang Weiqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIonic hydrogels are uniquely suited as force‐sensing layers because of their good biocompatibility and controlled electromechanical properties. The emerging piezoionic effect allows them to sense the position of pressure, but the low response rate limits their applications. Herein, this work focuses on modulating the response time of piezoionic outputs through crosslinking. The underlying mechanism is investigated through the perspective of deformation recovery rate and ion migration behavior in the ionic hydrogels. As a result, the developed piezoionic sensors are capable of distinguishing static forces in the range of 0.1–5 s while monitoring dynamic force, breaking the limitations of conventional self‐powered pressure sensors that have trouble tracking static forces. Furthermore, by utilizing the piezoionic effect to convert the touch indentation into transverse gradient ionic potential, the constructed piezoionic sensors achieve accurate monitoring of finger pressing position and sliding trajectory. As a proof‐of‐concept, pattern unlocking in security authentication is successfully validated based on the developed piezoionic sensors. This design strategy of modulating ionic tactile sensor by crosslinking is expected to provide a fresh path for the large‐scale flexible human‐machine interfaces.
Heterostructure Design of Amorphous Vanadium Oxides@Carbon/Graphene Nanoplates Boosts Improved Capacity, Cycling Stability and High Rate Performance for Zn2+ Storage
Authors: Wang Rui , Dai Henghan , Zhang Tian , Zhou Jingbo , Yin Leang , Zhou Jinyuan , Sun Gengzhi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs a promising power supplier, flexible aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have drawn great attention and been demonstrated potential applications in portable electronic devices, yet their capacity, stability, and rate performance are severely limited by cathode materials. Herein, a spontaneous encapsulation and in situ phase transformation strategy is proposed for the construction of heterostructured amorphous vanadium oxide@carbon/graphene (A‐VOx@C/G) nanoplates as highly stable and efficient cathode materials for Zn2+ storage. In this design, A‐VOx provides abundant active sites with rapid ion diffusion channels and robust tolerance against ion insertion/extraction, while N‐doped carbon encapsulation and interlaced graphene network ensure efficient electron transfer. The mechanisms respectively for phase transformation during electrochemical amorphization and charge storage during cycling are investigated in detail. The as‐prepared A‐VOx@C/G achieves an outstanding electrochemical performance with 429 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, 73% retained at 20 A g−1 (315 mAh g−1), and excellent stability over 2000 cycles at 20 A g−1 (91% retention). Moreover, quasi‐solid‐state AZIBs assembled from A‐VOx@C/G cathode exhibit high flexibility and can sustain large mechanical deformation without performance degradation. It is believed that this study provides a guideline toward designing high‐performance cathode materials for AZIBs through structure optimization.
Low Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity at High Temperatures Using Stable High‐Entropy Spinel Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Chung Ka Man , Adapa Sarath R. , Pei Yu , Yeerella Ram Hemanth , Chen Li , Shivakumar Sashank , Huang Wei , Liu Zhaowei , Cai Shengqiang , Luo Jian , Chen Renkun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe realization of low thermal conductivity at high temperatures (0.11 W m−1 K−1 800 °C) in ambient air in a porous solid thermal insulation material, using stable packed nanoparticles of high‐entropy spinel oxide with 8 cations (HESO‐8 NPs) with a relatively high packing density of ≈50%, is reported. The high‐density HESO‐8 NP pellets possess around 1000‐fold lower thermal diffusivity than that of air, resulting in much slower heat propagation when subjected to a transient heat flux. The low thermal conductivity and diffusivity are realized by suppressing all three modes of heat transfer, namely solid conduction, gas conduction, and thermal radiation, via stable nanoconstriction and infrared‐absorbing nature of the HESO‐8 NPs, which are enabled by remarkable microstructural stability against coarsening at high temperatures due to the high entropy. This work can elucidate the design of the next‐generation high‐temperature thermal insulation materials using high‐entropy ceramic nanostructures.
Personalized Vascularized Tumor Organoid‐on‐a‐Chip for Tumor Metastasis and Therapeutic Targeting Assessment
Authors: Du Yang , Wang Yi‐Ran , Bao Qi‐Yuan , Xu Xin‐Xin , Xu Congling , Wang Shaoxuan , Liu Qi , Liu Fan , Zeng Yu‐Lian , Wang Ya‐Jun , Liu Wei , Liu Yixin , Yu Sai‐Xi , Chen Yu‐Chen , Wang Chen , Zhang Weibin , Gao Hai , Luo Hao , Liu Baohong , Jing Guangyin , Guo Ming , Chen Fei Xavier , Liu Yan‐Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhile tumor organoids have revolutionized cancer research by recapitulating the cellular architecture and behaviors of real tumors in vitro, their lack of functional vasculature hinders their attainment of full physiological capabilities. Current efforts to vascularize organoids are struggling to achieve well‐defined vascular networks, mimicking the intricate hierarchy observed in vivo, which restricts the physiological relevance particularly for studying tumor progression and response to therapies targeting the tumor vasculature. An innovative vascularized patient‐derived tumor organoids (PDTOs)‐on‐a‐chip with hierarchical, tumor‐specific microvasculature is presented, providing a versatile platform to explore tumor‐vascular dynamics and antivascular drug efficacy. It is found that highly metastatic tumor cells induced vessel angiogenesis and simultaneously migrated toward blood vessels via the Notch pathway. The evident association between the angiogenic and migratory capacities of PDTOs and their clinical metastatic outcomes underscores the potential of the innovative platform for evaluating tumor metastasis, thus offering valuable insights for clinical decision‐making. Ultimately, the system represents a promising avenue for advancing the understanding of tumor metastasis and developing personalized treatment strategies based on patient‐specific tumor characteristics.
Challenges and Strategies of Low‐Pressure All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiaxu , Fu Jiamin , Lu Pushun , Hu Guantai , Xia Shengjie , Zhang Shutao , Wang Ziqing , Zhou Zhimin , Yan Wenlin , Xia Wei , Wang Changhong , Sun Xueliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) are regarded as promising next‐generation energy storage technology owing to their inherent safety and high theoretical energy density. However, achieving and maintaining solid–solid electronic and ionic contact in ASSBs generally requires high‐pressure fabrication and high‐pressure operation, posing substantial challenges for large‐scale production and application. In recent years, significant efforts are made to address these pressure‐related challenges. In this review, the impact of pressure on ASSBs is explored. First, the categories, origins, and challenges associated with pressure in ASSBs are outlined. Second, an overview of recent advancements in addressing pressure‐related issues in ASSBs is provided, focusing on electrode materials and their interfaces with various solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs). Third, advanced characterizations and simulations employed to unravel the intricate electrochemical–mechanical interactions in ASSBs are examined. Finally, existing strategies and the insights on achieving low‐stack‐pressure ASSBs are presented.