bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Theory in HPV Vaccination Promotion Research: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xiao Xizhu , Lee Danielle Ka Lai , Wong Rachel Min , Borah Porismita 
Published: May 2021

Objective: Numerous studies examined HPV vaccination promotional strategies. However, an overview of theory use, a synthesis of strategies’ effectiveness and an examination of the moderating influence of theory are absent. Data Source: We retrieved studies from Academic Search Complete, Business Source Complete, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CMMC, CINAHL, and MEDLINE. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: 1) peer-reviewed articles written in English, 2) experimental or quasi-experimental, 3) measure HPV vaccination-related outcomes, 4) had to contain a control condition and report statistics necessary for conversion (for meta-analysis only). Data Extraction: 70 and 30 studies were included for the systematic review and meta-analysis respectively. Data Synthesis: Four major categories were coded: study information, theory use, type of theory, and outcomes. Two independent coders coded the sample (Cohen’s Kappa ranged from .8 to 1). Results: Most of the studies were based in the U.S. (77%, k = 54) with convenient samples (80%, k = 56), targeted toward females (46%, k = 32), and around a quarter did not employ any theories (47%, k = 33). Among theory-driven studies, the most commonly used were Framing (22%, k = 19), Health Belief Model (HBM; 13%, k = 12), and Narrative (7%, k = 6). Among controlled studies, promotional strategies were significantly more effective compared to the control (r+ = .25, p < .001). Strategies guided by the information, motivation, behavioral skills model (IMB) were more effective (r+ = .75, p < .001) than studies guided by framing theory (r+ = −.23, p < .001), HBM (r+ = .01, p < .001), and other theories (r+ = .11, p < .001). Conclusion: This review contributes to HPV vaccination promotion literature by offering a comprehensive overview of promotional strategies and practical suggestions for future research and practices.
Theoretical Mediators of Diabetes Risk and Quality of Life Following a Diabetes Prevention Program for Latino Youth With Obesity
Authors: Soltero Erica G. , Ayers Stephanie L. , Avalos Marvyn A. , Peña Armando , Williams Allison N. , Olson Micah L. , Konopken Yolanda P. , Castro Felipe G. , Arcoleo Kimberly J. , Keller Colleen S. , Patrick Donald L. , Jager Justin , Shaibi Gabriel Q. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: This study tested self-efficacy and social support for activity and dietary changes as mediators of changes in type 2 diabetes related outcomes following a lifestyle intervention among Latino youth. Setting and Intervention: Latino adolescents (14-16 years) with obesity (BMI% = 98.1 ± 1.4) were randomized to a 3-month intervention (n = 67) that fostered self-efficacy and social support through weekly, family-centered sessions or a comparison condition (n = 69). Measures: Primary outcomes included insulin sensitivity and weight specific quality of life. Mediators included self-efficacy, friend, and family social support for health behaviors. Data was collected at baseline, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months. Analysis: Sequential path analysis was used to examine mediators as mechanisms by which the intervention influenced primary outcomes. Results: The intervention had a direct effect on family (β = 0.33, P < .01) and friend social support (β = 0.22, P < .001) immediately following the intervention (3-months). Increased family social support mediated the intervention’s effect on self-efficacy at 6-months (β = 0.09, P < .01). However, social support and self-efficacy did not mediate long-term changes in primary outcomes ( P > .05) at 12-months. Conclusions: Family social support may improve self-efficacy for health behaviors in high-risk Latino youth, highlighting the important role of family diabetes prevention. Fostering family social support is a critical intervention target and more research is needed to understand family-level factors that have the potential to lead to long-term metabolic and psychosocial outcome in vulnerable youth.
The Impact of Anticoagulation on COVID-19 (SARS CoV-2) Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lazaridis Dovena , Leung Simon , Kohler Lisa , Smith Carla Hawkins , Kearson Margaretta L. , Eraikhuemen Nathaniel 
Published: May 2021

Background: Emerging data suggest that coagulopathy, cytokine storm, and acute respiratory distress syndrome are associated with the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The prevalence of hypercoagulable state in these patients is unknown, but appears to be higher compared to those with other critically ill patients. Elevated D-dimer, large blood vessels clots, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation have been reported in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 either on admission or during hospitalization and may be predictors of poor outcomes. Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature review using the search terms of COVID-19; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, coagulopathy, thrombosis and anticoagulation in PubMed, Ovid, google scholar, Medline and EMBASE databases from December 2019 to May 30, 2020. Results: A total of 64 relevant studies were reviewed; of which, 4 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for analysis. The majority of the studies were retrospective involving 525 critically ill COVID-19 patients. The most commonly studied anticoagulant administered was low molecular weight heparins. Anticoagulation dosing varied throughout the studies and may be classified as standard venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, intermediate dosing, or full dose anticoagulation. The most studied objective was improvement in coagulopathy. Significant reduction in D-dimer, improvement in coagulopathy markers such as Interlukin-6, fibrinogen degradation product level, as well as lymphocyte count were reported. Conclusion: Despite the limited quality of studies analyzed, prophylaxis and higher intensity dosed anticoagulation is associated with improved pulmonary oxygenation, decreased coagulopathy markers and decreased mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Conceptual design and integration of a propulsion system for a supersonic transport aircraft
Authors: Hutchinson Rhys , Lawrence Jeremy , Joiner Keith F 
Published: May 2021

Despite 50 years of technological advancement since the inception of Concorde, research on supersonic passenger aircraft has only recently resulted in design and flight test of several small 12 to 55-passenger business jets with supersonic cruises between Mach 1.2 and 2.2. Analytical research designs of larger 300-passenger aircraft have been conducted only to speeds of Mach 2.0 and 2.2, mainly avoiding moving beyond turbojet propulsion. This research extends on an earlier multifactor regression sizing study to determine in greater design detail whether the configuration of a 200-passenger Mach 3.0 aircraft is feasible using extant technology. This research article is the second part of two and covers a suitable and cost-effective propulsion system for the executive supersonic passenger aircraft. Through this high-speed design, the research examines modern propulsion technology and the performance advancements it affords through higher efficiencies, higher metallurgical thermal limits, variable cycle engines and variable stator technology. The analysis was conducted on several potential propulsion systems using GasTurb software to obtain engine performance data. The performance results led to a combined cycle turbofan–ramjet engine as being the engine that could yield the most extensive range for the aircraft. Further investigation is needed on aircraft noise, engine emissions, the accuracy of the thrust-critical lift-to-drag ratios and the aeroelastic effects that can be closely coupled to noise and performance.
Telephone-triage services do not lead to an increased wait time for assessment of gonorrhoea in symptomatic patients
Authors: Jasper William , Macdonald Madeleine , Luxmanan Danayan , Foley Elizabeth , Patel Rajul 
Published: May 2021

In Spring 2017, Southampton and Portsmouth Sexual Health Services (SHSs) replaced an overstretched walk-in service with a telephone-triage service: patients calling that were symptomatic, vulnerable or at high risk of having an STI were invited into a clinic, whereas others were signposted to remote self-sample NHS postal testing services. This study aimed to establish whether patient care was disadvantaged by the introduction of the triage service. Electronic patient notes for all patients attending for treatment of gonorrhoea for two years before and for two years after the service change were interrogated; the site of infection and duration of symptoms before testing were compared. Of all patients attending for treatment of gonorrhoea in the study period, 499 patients (39% of cases) were symptomatic at testing: 364 had urethral symptoms, 45 had rectal symptoms and 18 had pharyngeal symptoms. 72.4% of patients with urethral symptoms were seen after the introduction of the triage system. Median wait times for patients with urethral symptoms rose from 6 (IQR = 3–7) to 7 (IQR = 3.75–14) days – although this increase was not statistically significant ( p = 0.064). There was not a statistically significant difference between the rectal symptom groups ( p = 0.422) and too few patients attended with pharyngeal symptoms to warrant analysis. Despite some outliers, the telephone-triage service did not increase wait times for patients attending STI services with symptomatic gonorrhoea and may have inadvertently increased access to services for those most at risk.
An artificial intelligence algorithm for analyzing acetaminophen-associated toxic hepatitis
Authors: Yen J-S , Hu C-C , Huang W-H , Hsu C-W , Yen T-H , Weng C-H 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Very little artificial intelligence (AI) work has been performed to investigate acetaminophen-associated hepatotoxicity. The objective of this study was to develop an AI algorithm for analyzing weighted features for toxic hepatitis after acetaminophen poisoning. Methods: The medical records of 187 patients with acetaminophen poisoning treated at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital were reviewed. Patients were sorted into two groups according to their status of toxic hepatitis. A total of 40 clinical and laboratory features recorded on the first day of admission were selected for algorithm development. The random forest classifier (RFC) and logistic regression (LR) were used for artificial intelligence algorithm development. Results: The RFC-based AI model achieved the following results: accuracy = 92.5 ± 2.6%; sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 60%; precision = 92.3 ± 3.4%; and F1 = 96.0 ± 1.8%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was approximately 0.98. The LR-based AI model achieved the following results: accuracy = 92.00 ± 2.9%; sensitivity = 100%; specificity = 20%; precision = 92.8 ± 3.4%; recall = 98.8 ± 3.4%; and F1 = 95.6 ± 1.5%. The AUROC was approximately 0.68. The weighted features were calculated, and the 10 most important weighted features for toxic hepatitis were aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), prothrombin time, alanine aminotransferase (AST), time to hospital, platelet count, lymphocyte count, albumin, total bilirubin, body temperature and acetaminophen level. Conclusion: The top five weighted features for acetaminophen-associated toxic hepatitis were ALT, prothrombin time, AST, time to hospital and platelet count.
Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA in the SLICC classification criteria dataset
Authors: Elkhalifa Marwa , Orbai Ana-Maria , Magder Laurence S , Petri Michelle , Alarcón Graciela S , Gordon Caroline , Merrill Joan , Fortin Paul R , Bruce Ian N , Isenberg David , Wallace Daniel , Nived Ola , Ramsey-Goldman Rosalind , Bae Sang-Cheol , Hanly John G , Sanchez-Guerrero Jorge , Clarke Ann E , Aranow Cynthia , Manzi Susan , Urowitz Murray , Gladman Dafna D , Kalunian Ken , Werth Victoria P , Zoma Asad , Bernatsky Sasha , Khamashta Munther , Jacobsen SØren , Buyon Jill P , Dooley Mary Anne , Vollenhoven Ronald van , Ginzler Ellen , Stoll Thomas , Peschken Christine , Jorizzo Joseph L , Callen Jeffery P , Lim Sam , Inanc Murat , Kamen Diane L , Rahman Anisur , Steinsson Kristjan , Franks Andrew G 
Published: May 2021

Objective Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA is a common isotype of anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I in SLE. Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I was not included in the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) SLE classification criteria, but was included in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I IgA in SLE versus other rheumatic diseases. In addition, we examined the association between anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA and disease manifestations in SLE. Methods The dataset consisted of 1384 patients, 657 with a consensus physician diagnosis of SLE and 727 controls with other rheumatic diseases. Anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I isotypes were measured by ELISA. Patients with a consensus diagnosis of SLE were compared to controls with respect to presence of anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I. Among patients with SLE, we assessed the association between anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA and clinical manifestations. Results The prevalence of anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA was 14% in SLE patients and 7% in rheumatic disease controls (odds ratio, OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.6, 3.3). It was more common in SLE patients who were younger patients and of African descent (p = 0.019). Eleven percent of SLE patients had anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA alone (no anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgG or IgM). There was a significant association between anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA and anti-dsDNA (p = 0.001) and the other antiphospholipid antibodies (p = 0.0004). There was no significant correlation of anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA with any of the other ACR or SLICC clinical criteria for SLE. Those with anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA tended to have a history of thrombosis (12% vs 6%, p = 0.071), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion We found the anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA isotype to be more common in patients with SLE and in particular, with African descent. It could occur alone without other isotypes.
Differences in advance care planning among nursing home care staff
Authors: Gilissen Joni , Wendrich-van Dael Annelien , Gastmans Chris , Vander Stichele Robert , Deliens Luc , Detering Karen , Van den Block Lieve , Pivodic Lara 
Published: May 2021

Background A team-based approach has been advocated for advance care planning in nursing homes. While nurses are often put forward to take the lead, it is not clear to what extent other professions could be involved as well. Objectives To examine to what extent engagement in advance care planning practices (e.g. conversations, advance directives), knowledge and self-efficacy differ between nurses, care assistants and allied care staff in nursing homes. Design Survey study. Participants/setting The study involved a purposive sample of 14 nursing homes in Flanders, Belgium. Nurses, care assistants and allied care staff (e.g. social workers, physical therapists) completed a survey. Ethical considerations The study was approved by the University Hospital of Brussels (B.U.N. 143201834759), as part of a cluster randomized controlled trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03521206). Results One hundred ninety-six nurses, 319 care assistants and 169 allied staff participated (67% response rate). After adjusting for confounders, nurses were significantly more likely than care assistants to have carried out advance care planning conversations (odds ratio 4; 95% confidence interval 1.73–9.82; p < 0.001) and documented advance care planning (odds ratio 2.67; 95% confidence interval 1.29–5.56; p < 0.001); differences not found between allied staff and care assistants. Advance care planning knowledge total scores differed significantly, with nurses (estimated mean difference 0.13 (score range 0–1); 95% confidence interval 0.08–0.17; p < 0.001) and allied staff (estimated mean difference 0.07; 95% confidence interval 0.03–0.12; p < 0.001) scoring higher than care assistants. We found no significant differences regarding self-efficacy. Discussion While nursing home nurses conducted more advance care planning conversations and documentation than allied care staff and care assistants, these two professional groups may be a valuable support to nurses in conducting advance care planning, if provided with additional training. Conclusions Allied care staff and care assistants, if trained appropriately, can be involved more strongly in advance care planning to enhance relational and individual autonomy of nursing home residents, alongside nurses. Future research to improve and implement advance care planning should consider this finding at the intervention development stage.
Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19 Population: A Short Review
Authors: Singh Kamal Pratap , Agarwal Rachna 
Published: May 2021

Background: Coronaviruses (CoVs) have a neuroinvasive potential, which has been discussed in various research papers. During the current pandemic, the novel CoV, i.e., SARS-CoV-2, is causing a considerable number of fatalities and posing a great danger of a recurrent epidemic. COVID-19 has been labeled as a public health emergency of international concern, and the epidemic curves are on the rise. Purpose: Some studies discuss the neurological implications of SARS-CoV-2 but in light of growing number of evidences we cannot ignore the planning of mental health care settings in COVID-19. We are discussing how this novel CoV can affect the human brain directly and indirectly, including psychiatric problems, and how neurological conditions can be explored as a diagnostic tool in COVID-19 by analyzing cohort studies and review papers that discuss the recent neurological findings in COVID-19. Method: Current research and review papers were searched to find out any relation between the COVID-19 disease and the altered mental health. This study attempts to find out neurological symptoms in a large population affected by COVID-19 and thus filtering out individual case reports and cohort studies which have a patient pool of less than 50. Results: This unique observation revealed that SARS-CoV-2 has direct neurological manifestations such as anosmia and gustatory impairment, encephalopathy, and seizures as well as an indirect effect on the psychiatric health such as anxiety, amnesia, etc. because of psychosocial stress. Conclusion: The most commonly reported neurological symptoms should not be ignored and must be tested for COVID-19. More neurological studies like medical imaging and neuropathology should be performed on these COVID-19 patients.
Does Food Price Subsidy Affect Dietary Diversity? Evidence from South India
Authors: Malaiarasan Umanath , Paramasivam R. , Felix K. Thomas 
Published: May 2021

The present study has tried to address the impact of subsidised rice distribution through the public distribution system on dietary diversity and nutrition intake in the state of Tamil Nadu in India as the state is considered a pioneer in introducing a number of food security programmes in India. We used National Sample Survey Organisation’s data for the years 2004-05 and 2011-12, and the propensity score matching technique to estimate the actual impact of the subsidy programme on food consumption patterns and nutrient intake, as the data-set used for analysis was subjected to non-randomisation and selection bias. The estimated results reveal that the subsidy on rice has significantly and positively impacted food consumption and nutritional intake across households, irrespective of income groups. The increased purchasing power of the poor due to the subsidy is limited to the staple food commodities—rice, millets, pulses and vegetables—whereas middle- and high-income households are more likely to consume high-value commodities such as fruits, processed food and livestock products, with a resultant higher gain in fat and calcium. Our study indicates that extending the price subsidy to nutritious foods, besides rice can help the poor diversify their diets towards healthy and nutrient-rich foods. JEL Codes: C5, C54, D01, D11, D12, Q11, Q18
Interrelationship Among Competition, Diversification and Liquidity Creation: Evidence from Indian Banks
Authors: Sinha Pankaj , Grover Naina 
Published: May 2021

This study analyses the impact of competition on liquidity creation by banks and investigates the dynamics between diversification, liquidity creation and competition for banks operating in India during the period from 2005 to 2018. Using the broad and narrow measures of liquidity creation, an inverse relationship is determined between liquidity creation and competition. The study also indicates a trade-off between pro-competitive policies to improve consumer welfare and the liquidity-destroying effects of competition, and it highlights how diversification affects liquidity creation. Highly diversified banks in India create less liquidity compared with less-diversified banks, both public and private. The liquidity-destroying effects of competition is intensified among highly diversified private banks, which suggest that diversification has not moderated the adverse impact of competition. JEL Codes: G01, G18, G21, G28
Causal Nexus Between Liquidity Creation and Bank Capital Ratio: Evidence from India
Authors: Mohanty Seba , Mahakud Jitendra 
Published: May 2021

This study investigates the interrelationship between bank capital and liquidity creation in the Indian banking sector. The sample considers 68 commercial banks (public, private and foreign banks) operating in India during the period from 1996–1997 to 2013–2014. We employ the generalised method of moments technique in a Granger causality framework and find a bidirectional relationship between bank capital and liquidity creation for the entire sample. Our results support the financial fragility–crowding-out hypothesis, which suggests that Indian banks follow a fragile financial structure to maximise liquidity creation and increase their capital ratio by crowding out deposits to limit liquidity creation. Our results also support the liquidity substitution hypothesis, which suggests that stable liabilities can be substituted for bank capital, while facing more risk. We find similar results with the whole sample regardless of ownership, size, capitalisation and periods. These findings have implications for bank managers and policymakers on formulating appropriate policy for capital and liquidity creation of commercial banks in India. JEL Codes: G20, G21, G33
Unacceptably high: an audit of Kimberley self-harm data 2014–2018
Authors: McPhee Rob , Carlin Emma , Seear Kimberley , Carrington-Jones Phoebe , Sheil Barbara , Lawrence David , Dudgeon Patricia 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To explore the rates and characteristics of self-harm across the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Method: Retrospective, cross-sectional audit. We obtained and descriptively analysed routinely collected self-harm data from the Kimberley District of the Western Australia Police Force (2014–2018) and the Emergency Department Data Collection (June 2017–December 2018). Variables included age, sex, Indigenous status, time of incident, and alcohol and drug use. Results: The rate of emergency department attendance for self-harm was three times higher in the Kimberley than the rest of Western Australia. Both emergency department and police data showed a disproportionately high percentage of incidents involving Aboriginal people, with highest rates in the 15–19 and 20–24 year age groups. Almost 80% of self-harm events recorded by police involving individuals aged 25–50 years involved alcohol. Many self-harm incidents occurred in the evening and at night. Conclusions: The rates of self-harm across the Kimberley region from 2014–2018 are unacceptably high. Increased funding and alignment of services to meet regional need are required as part of a holistic effort to reduce regional rates of self-harm.