bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a mathematical model of the trolleybus steering system using a rolling rotor switched reluctance motor
Authors: Pavlenko Tatyana , Petrenko Оleksandr , Shavkun Viacheslav , Aharkov Ivan 
Published: July 2021

An important part of the overall task of social and economic development of many developed countries is the creation of a unique transport infrastructure or improvement of transport services for the population.
The cumulative solution to many problems is to improve the quality and reliability of elements and equipment in any vehicle design. This determines its efficient operation and the safety of passengers.
A common urban electric transport in megacities is a trolleybus, the reliability of which depends on individual components and assemblies, power supply systems and traffic control.
But this type of transport requires modern scientific and technical solutions for the design of individual components and assemblies, for example, steering, which is directly related to the safe and comfortable transportation of passengers.
An innovative technical solution has been proposed that will increase the energy efficiency of the trolleybus steering system through the use of an electric power steering based on a rolling rotor electric motor. The analysis of the design is carried out and the principle of control of the rolling rotor motor is determined. Functional diagrams of the components of the trolleybus steering system with an electric power steering based on a rolling rotor motor are developed. The electromagnetic and mechanical connections of the motor with the rolling rotor are determined and mathematically described. Factors affecting the steering system when turning the steered wheels are reasoned. A mathematical model of a trolleybus steering system with an electric booster based on an electric rolling rotor motor has been developed. The mathematical model is based on the differential equations of the electrical and mechanical parts. Algebraic equations were used to characterize the electromagnetic connections of the rolling rotor motor. The proposed solution will allow simulating dynamic processes in the trolleybus steering system and evaluating the results. Determination of the efficiency of the steering system was carried out by comparative analysis of the following factors: the control action created by the driver, the condition of the road surface, dynamic and transient electromechanical processes of the system, and the like
Adaptive technology for constructing the kinetic equations of reduction reactions under conditions of a priori uncertainty
Authors: Demin Dmitriy , Domin Oleh 
Published: July 2021

The object of research is the process of oxide reduction in a reaction system of mass m due to the reaction on a contact surface with an area of S.
An adaptive technology is proposed that allows one to construct the kinetic equation of the process in which the oxide is reduced from the initial product under conditions of a priori uncertainty. A priori uncertainty regarding the behavior of a physicochemical system is understood as the fact that the following information is not available to the researcher:
– about the change in the mass of the reaction system and the area of the contact surface;
– about the rate of accumulation of the finished product;
– about the time of withdrawal of the finished product from the system.
The proposed adaptive technology includes five sequential stages to eliminate a priori uncertainty. This is ensured through the use of an adaptive algorithm, which allows obtaining the maximum accuracy in estimating the output variable by selecting the optimal parameter of the adaptive algorithm, and the subsequent canonical transformation. The introduced concept "canonical transformation of the kinetic equation" has the following meaning: having received some adequate description of the kinetic equation in a Cartesian coordinate system, a transformation is carried out that allow representing the equation in a new Cartesian coordinate system in such a way that its structure corresponds to the canonical form. The basic postulate of chemical kinetics can be such a canonical type.
Natural Products with Tandem Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory and Anti-SARS-CoV/2 Effects: A Drug Discovery Perspective against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: da Cunha Luana N.O. Leal , Tizziani Tiago , Souza Gabriella B. , Moreira Monalisa A. , Neto José S.S. , dos Santos Carlos V.D. , de Carvalho Maryelle G. , Dalmarco Eduardo M. , Turqueti Leonardo B. , Scotti Marcus Tullius , Scotti Luciana , de Assis Francisco F. , Braga Antonio Luiz , Sandjo Louis Pergaud 
Published: July 2021

Background:COVID-19 is still causing long-term health consequences, mass deaths, and collapsing healthcare systems around the world. There are no efficient drugs for its treatment. However, previous studies revealed that SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV have 96% and 86.5% similarities in cysteine proteases (3CLpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro) sequences, respectively. This resemblance could be important in the search for drug candidates with antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2.Objective:This paper is a compilation of natural products that inhibit SARS-CoV 3CLpro and PLpro and, concomitantly, reduce inflammation and/or modulate the immune system as a perspective strategy for COVID-19 drug discovery. It also presents in silico studies performed on these selected natural products using SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and PLpro as targets to propose a list of hit compounds.Method:The plant metabolites were selected in the literature based on their biological activities on SARS-CoV proteins, inflammatory mediators, and immune response. The consensus docking analysis was performed using four different packages.Results:Seventy-nine compounds reported in the literature with inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV proteins were reported as anti-inflammatory agents. Fourteen of them showed immunomodulatory effects in previous studies. Five and six of these compounds showed significant in silico consensus as drug candidates that can inhibit PLpro and 3CLpro, respectively. Our findings corroborated recent results reported on anti-SARS-CoV-2 in the literature.Conclusion:This study revealed that amentoflavone, rubranoside B, savinin, psoralidin, hirsutenone, and papyriflavonol A are good drug candidates for the search of antibiotics against COVID-19.
Optimization of Growth Conditions for Oxalate Decarboxylase Production
from Pseudomonas sp. OXDC12 and in vitro Inhibition of Calcium Oxalate
Crystallization by Oxalate Decarboxylase
Authors: Gupta Shruti , Kanwar Shamsher S. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Kidney stones have become a common disease worldwide, and their incidence
and recurrence rates have drastically increased over the past few decades. Oxalate decarboxylase
(OxDC) enzyme which catalyzes the disproportionation reaction of oxalate monoanions into
formate and CO2 could exhibit significant potential in the treatment of hyperoxaluria.

Objective:
The present work describes isolation and screening of new OxDC producing bacterial
strain from oxalate-rich soils and one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) and response surface methodology
(RSM) statistical approaches were used to optimize the production media to obtain an improved intracellular
OxDC production.

Methods and Results:
An OxDC producing bacterial strain, isolated from spinach soil sample(s),
was identified to be Pseudomonas sp. OXDC12 by 16S rRNA sequencing. The OFAT approach
was used to determine the effect of supplementation of carbon, nitrogen, and other physical conditions
like pH, temperature, etc. on intracellular OxDC production by Pseudomonas sp. OXDC12.
The three factors screened by Plackett Burman design (PBD) were further used by the central composite
design (CCD) approach of RSM to determine their interactive effects on OxDC production.
The anti-urolithiatic activity of the enzyme OxDC was determined by carrying out in vitro calcium
oxalate crystallization in the presence and absence of OxDC. The factorial values selected by 23
CCD for OxDC were temperature 30ºC, manganese ion concentration 5 mmol l-1, and inoculum
size 3.25% (v/v). The highest predicted value of OxDC was 5.7 U ml-1 while the actual value obtained
was 6.7 U ml-1 which was 79.1% and 2.92 fold greater than the initial activity of OxDC produced
by Pseudomonas sp. OXDC12. As depicted by the light micrographs, OxDC displayed a significant
reduction in the crystallization and formation of calcium oxalate stones as compared to the
control under in vitro conditions.

Conclusion:
OFAT and RSM statistical optimization approaches led to improved OxDC production
with a final activity of 6.7 U/mL and a 2.92 fold increase in the enzyme activity. The study
suggests that OFAT and RSM optimization approaches significantly enhanced OxDC production
from Pseudomonas sp. OXDC12. The enzyme may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for hyperoxaluria
or kidney stones as it significantly inhibited the formation of calcium oxalate crystals under
in vitro conditions.
Mechanism of Inhibition of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Cancer Cells and Recent Advances in the Field
Authors: Rasouli Mohammad , Naghib Seyed Morteza 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Calcium phosphates are chemically similar to bone minerals. The biocompatibility,
bioactivity, and high similarity of these substances to body organs such as bone have
made them a good choice for disease diagnosis and treatment. Here, the main use of calcium phosphates
is diagnosis and treatment of cancers. Hydroxyapatite is a bioactive material with a high affinity
for DNA and protein. Recently, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles exhibit different properties than
those of bulk hydroxyapatite in chemistry and biology. In general, the anticancer effects of hydroxyapatite
nanoparticles have been attributed to high amounts of endocytosis in cancer cells and inhibits
of protein synthesis in cells.

Methods:
Herein, we evaluated the structure, properties, and methods of synthesis of hydroxyapatite
nanoparticles. Moreover, the mechanism of inhibition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on cancer
cells and recent advances in this field have been examined.

Conclusion:
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles had the ability to eliminate the development of cancer
cells in vitro and in vivo. In the live tissue environment, injection of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles at
the tumor’s surrounding area had a significant decrease in tumor size (about 50%).
ClinicalTrials.gov as a Source of Information About Expanded Access Programs: Cohort Study
Authors: Borysowski Jan , Górski Andrzej 
Published: July 2021

Background
ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov) is the most comprehensive internet-based register of different types of clinical studies. Expanded access is the use of unapproved drugs, biologics, or medical devices outside of clinical trials. One of the key problems in expanded access is the availability to both health care providers and patients of information about unapproved treatments.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate CT.gov as a potential source of information about expanded access programs.

Methods
We assessed the completeness of information in the records of 228 expanded access programs registered with CT.gov from February 2017 through May 2020. Moreover, we examined what percentage of published expanded access studies has been registered with CT.gov. Logistic regression (univariate and multivariate) and mediation analyses were used to identify the predictors of the absence of some information and a study’s nonregistration.

Results
We found that some important data were missing from the records of many programs. Information that was missing most often included a detailed study description, facility information, central contact person, and eligibility criteria (55.3%, 54.0%, 41.7%, and 17.5% of the programs, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that information about central contact person was more likely to be missing from records of studies registered in 2017 (adjusted OR 21.93; 95% CI 4.42-172.29; P<.001). This finding was confirmed by mediation analysis (P=.02). Furthermore, 14% of the programs were registered retrospectively. We also showed that only 33 of 77 (42.9%) expanded access studies performed in the United States and published from 2014 through 2019 were registered with CT.gov. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed no significant association between any of the variables related to the studies and the odds of study nonregistration (P>.01).

Conclusions
Currently, CT.gov is a quite fragmentary source of data on expanded access programs. This problem is important because CT.gov is the only publicly available primary source of information about specific programs. We suggest the actions that should be taken by different stakeholders to fully exploit this register as a source of information about expanded access.
Mental Health Screening in General Practices as a Means for Enhancing Uptake of Digital Mental Health Interventions: Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Whitton Alexis E , Hardy Rebecca , Cope Kate , Gieng Chilin , Gow Leanne , MacKinnon Andrew , Gale Nyree , O'Moore Kathleen , Anderson Josephine , Proudfoot Judith , Cockayne Nicole , O'Dea Bridianne , Christensen Helen , Newby Jill Maree 
Published: July 2021

Background
Digital mental health interventions stand to play a critical role in managing the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, enhancing their uptake is a key priority. General practitioners (GPs) are well positioned to facilitate access to digital interventions, but tools that assist GPs in identifying suitable patients are lacking.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the suitability of a web-based mental health screening and treatment recommendation tool (StepCare) for improving the identification of anxiety and depression in general practice and, subsequently, uptake of digital mental health interventions.

Methods
StepCare screens patients for symptoms of depression (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire) and anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale) in the GP waiting room. It provides GPs with stepped treatment recommendations that include digital mental health interventions for patients with mild to moderate symptoms. Patients (N=5138) from 85 general practices across Australia were invited to participate in screening.

Results
Screening identified depressive or anxious symptoms in 43.09% (1428/3314) of patients (one-quarter were previously unidentified or untreated). The majority (300/335, 89.6%) of previously unidentified or untreated patients had mild to moderate symptoms and were candidates for digital mental health interventions. Although less than half were prescribed a digital intervention by their GP, when a digital intervention was prescribed, more than two-thirds of patients reported using it.

Conclusions
Implementing web-based mental health screening in general practices can provide important opportunities for GPs to improve the identification of symptoms of mental illness and increase patient access to digital mental health interventions. Although GPs prescribed digital interventions less frequently than in-person psychotherapy or medication, the promising rates of uptake by GP-referred patients suggest that GPs can play a critical role in championing digital interventions and maximizing the associated benefits.
Multiple Sclerosis Progression Discussion Tool Usability and Usefulness in Clinical Practice: Cross-sectional, Web-Based Survey
Authors: Ziemssen Tjalf , Giovannoni Gavin , Alvarez Enrique , Bhan Virender , Hersh Carrie , Hoffmann Olaf , Oreja-Guevara Celia , Robles-Cedeño Rene R , Trojano Maria , Vermersch Patrick , Dobay Pamela , Khwaja Mudeer , Stadler Bianca , Rauser Benedict , Hach Thomas , Piani-Meier Daniela , Burton Jason 
Published: July 2021

Background
A digital tool, Multiple Sclerosis Progression Discussion Tool (MSProDiscuss), was developed to facilitate discussions between health care professionals (HCPs) and patients in evaluating early, subtle signs of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression.

Objective
The aim of this study is to report the findings on the usability and usefulness of MSProDiscuss in a real-world clinical setting.

Methods
In this cross-sectional, web-based survey, HCPs across 34 countries completed an initial individual questionnaire (comprising 7 questions on comprehensibility, usability, and usefulness after using MSProDiscuss during each patient consultation) and a final questionnaire (comprising 13 questions on comprehensibility, usability, usefulness, and integration and adoption into clinical practice to capture the HCPs’ overall experience of using the tool). The responses were provided on a 5-point Likert scale. All analyses were descriptive, and no statistical comparisons were made.

Results
In total, 301 HCPs tested the tool in 6974 people with MS, of whom 77% (5370/6974) had relapsing-remitting MS, including those suspected to be transitioning to secondary progressive MS. The time taken to complete MSProDiscuss was reported to be in the range of 1 to 4 minutes in 97.3% (6786/6974; initial) to 98.2% (269/274; final) of the cases. In 93.54% (6524/6974; initial) to 97.1% (266/274; final) of the cases, the HCPs agreed (4 or 5 on the Likert scale) that patients were able to comprehend the questions in the tool. The HCPs were willing to use the tool again in the same patient, 90.47% (6310/6974; initial) of the cases. The HCPs reported MSProDiscuss to be useful in discussing MS symptoms and their impact on daily activities (6121/6974, 87.76% initial and 252/274, 92% final) and cognitive function (5482/6974, 78.61% initial and 271/274, 79.2% final), as well as in discussing progression in general (6102/6974, 87.49% initial and 246/274, 89.8% final). While completing the final questionnaire, 94.9% (260/274) of the HCPs agreed that the questions were similar to those asked in regular consultation, and the tool helped to better understand the impact of MS symptoms on daily activities (249/274, 90.9%) and cognitive function (220/274, 80.3%). Overall, 92% (252/274) of the HCPs reported that they would recommend MSProDiscuss to a colleague, and 85.8% (235/274) were willing to integrate it into their clinical practice.

Conclusions
MSProDiscuss is a usable and useful tool to facilitate a physician-patient discussion on MS disease progression in daily clinical practice. Most of the HCPs agreed that the tool is easy to use and were willing to integrate MSProDiscuss into their daily clinical practice.
Analisis Pola Spasial Pesebaran Kasus Covid-19 Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis Di DKI Jakarta
Authors: Dahlia Siti 
Published: July 2021

Provinsi DKI Jakarta merupakan Ibukota Negara Indonesia, sehingga merupakan pusat ekonomi, pemerintahan, perdagangan, dan lainnya, yang mengakibatkan tingginya mobilitas dan kepadatan penduduk di DKI Jakarta. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 kasus positif di Jakarta merupakan yang tertinggi di Indonesia, sehingga menjadi episentrum penyebaran Covid-19. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pola distribusi spasial kasus positif Covid-19 pada Maret hingga September tahun 2020 di DKI Jakarta menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis. Metode yang digunakan yaitu berbasis data sekunder terkait penduduk terpapar Covid-19 di DKI Jakarta pada Maret - September Tahun 2020, yang bersumber dari laman resmi Gugus Tugas Covid-19 DKI Jakarta. Analisis pola spasial berdasarkan prinsip auto corelasi spasial dengan parameter kepadatan pemukiman, jaringan transportasi dan fasiltas umum. Teknik analisis yang data berdasarkan prinsip ketetanggaan melalui aplikasi ArcGis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada Maret, pola spasial wilayah penelitian berupa Cold spot atau menyebar, sedangkan pada April sampai September terdapat titik Hot Spot yaitu mengelompok dan peningkatan kasus positif yang tinggi. Hal tersebut terjadi di beberapa kecamatan di Jakarta Barat, Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta Utara, dan Jakarta Selatan. Selain itu, pola kasus positif Covid-19 tertinggi terjadi pada area dengan kepadatan penduduk tinggi. Keberadaan fasilitas umum seperti perniagaan, layanan kesehatan, dan tempat ibadah, dan lokasi layanan transportasi seperti stasiun, bandara, dan Pelabuhan juga mempengaruhi tingginya jumlah kasus positif.
La mímesis como arte - Segunda parte: Heurística
Authors: Mandolini Ricardo 
Published: July 2021

Luego de la exégesis de textos fundamentales realizada en el artículo complementario "La míimesis como arte - Primerta Parte : Hermenéutica", en este segundo artículo nos vemos confrontados con el desafío de transformar la teoría en acción, en práctica musical. En primer lugar, el término "heurística" será explorado, poniendo de relieve la importancia de las ficciones en la impulsión que lleva a la acción. Los antecedentes de la Heurística Musical serán expuestos a continuación, para continuar con la presentación de esta disciplina de vocación musicológica. Expuestos estos prolegómenos, pasaremos a explicar la propuesta de reconstucción perceptiva de obras, descendiente directa de la mímesis de Aristóteles. Gracias al pensamiento del Estagirita creemos haber podido realizar la transmutación que nos propusimos originalmente como problemática.
Prevalence of Age Induced Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo among Various Categories of Elderly Population
Authors: Yadav Dhanashri A  , Dr. Kadam Namrata A  
Published: July 2021

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common and treatable vestibular disorder. It is commonly seen in the elderly population. BPPV is a type of vertigo that is brought on by change in position of the head with respect to gravity. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of appropriate age group of the individuals suffering from BPPV in elderly population. The study was an observational study. A total of 64 people were recruited for the study aged between 60-70 and 71-80yrs that were selected from Krishna hospital Karad through a simple random sampling method. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the individuals for the study. Individuals of age group between 60-80 years of both the sex were also considered for the study. The individuals who were not included in the study were those not willing to participate, individuals’ history of acute trauma. Demographic data, assent and consent were taken from the individuals and the explanation of the study was given. The special tests like Dix-Hallpike positioning test, Horizontal roll test and Head pitch test were performed over the individuals. In this study the overall prevalence of age induced BPPV was evaluated according to Dix-Hallpike test it was found that out of 64 individuals 61% were positive for Dix-Hallpike test. Out of 45 males 26 were positive and 13 females from total 19 were indicated Dix-Hallpike test as positive. Thus, this result shows that females are more prone to develop BPPV. This study concluded that BPPV was common among the age group of 71-80 years than the age group of 60-70 years. The study revealed that the individuals in middle old age group are getting more affected by BPPV than the individuals in young old age group. Thus the societal impact which affects the individuals with BPPV can be reduced by making preventive strategies to improve the quality of life and to decrease the disability adjusted years.