bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
South Korea’s trade policy imperatives: the impact of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kukla M. P. 
Published: October 2021

The article analyses the goals and imperatives of the Republic of Korea’s trade policy before the COVID-19 pandemic and taking into account its consequences. The RoK's trade policy aims to synchronize the interests of the state, conglomerates and small and medium-sized enterprises. For this purpose, a system of division of powers in the field of trade policy and diplomacy has been designed, which has proven to be very effective. The COVID-19 situation, which has exacerbated the growing trend of protectionism in international trade, highlighted the chronic structural problems of trade in the Republic of Korea of trade in the area of geographical and commodity structure – despite the positive dynamics of the country's exports. The challenge of countering protectionism, coupled with the need to diversify the commodity and geographic structure of exports, implies two areas of work: strengthening an industrial structure capable of producing competitive goods and expanding the network of free trade agreements. The need to address logistical problems, digitalization, and the trend towards decarbonization forces Korea to rely more heavily on the idea of promoting free trade. The country's leadership continues to criticize protectionism, guided by the idea of a balanced use of bilateral and multilateral instruments of liberalization.
Association Between Cardiometabolic Index and Stroke: A Population-
based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Li Feng-E , Luo Yun , Zhang Fu-Liang , Zhang Peng , Liu Dong , Ta Song , Yu Yao , Guo Zhen-Ni , Yang Yi 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) was associated with several risk factors for
stroke; however, few studies assessed the role of CMI in stroke risk.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the association between CMI and stroke in a population-
based cross-sectional study.

Methods:
This study included 4445 general residents aged ≥40 years selected by multistage stratified
random cluster sampling. CMI was calculated as the product of the ratio of waist circumference
to height (WHtR) and the ratio of triglyceride levels to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
levels (TG/HDL-C). Participants were categorized according to CMI quartiles: quartile 1 (Q1),
quartile 2 (Q2), quartile 3 (Q3), and quartile 4 (Q4). Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the association between CMI and
stroke.

Results:
A total of 4052 participants were included in the study, with an overall stroke prevalence
of 7.2%. The prevalence of stroke increased with CMI quartiles, ranging from 4.4% to 9.2% (p for
trend <0.001). Compared with Q1, stroke risk for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 1.550-, 1.693-, and 1.704-
fold, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) (95% CI) was 0.574 (0.558-0.589) for
CMI, 0.627 (0.612-0.642) for WHtR, 0.556 (0.540-0.571) for TG/HDL-C. CMI was inferior to
WHtR (p=0.0024), but CMI had a marginal advantage over TG/HDL-C (p<0.0001) in terms of its
stroke discrimination ability.

Conclusion:
Although there was a strong and independent association between CMI and stroke in
the general population, CMI had limited discriminating ability for stroke. Thus, new parameters
should be developed.
Domperidone Withdrawal in a Nursing Female with Pre-existing Psychiatric
Illness: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Verinder , Sharma Sapna , Doobay Minakshi 
Published: October 2021

Background:
In this report, we describe a case of domperidone withdrawal in a woman
with a history of major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), who experienced
a recurrence of these disorders after stopping domperidone.

Case presentation:
The symptoms improved after the restarting of domperidone and disappeared
gradually as the drug was tapered and discontinued. Clinicians should consider domperidone withdrawal
a differential diagnosis in women with a history of depression or anxiety who present with
an acute onset of these symptoms following the abrupt discontinuation of domperidone.

Conclusion:
A gradual taper off of the drug may be effective in minimizing withdrawal symptoms
and obviate the need for psychotropic drug use.
Eudragit, a Nifty Polymer for Anticancer Preparations: A Patent Review
Authors: Kriplani Priyanka , Guarve Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Background:Polymers are the backbone of modern pharmaceutical formulations and drug delivery technologies. Polymers that may be natural, synthetic, or semisynthetic are used to control the release of drugs in a pre-programmed fashion. The drug delivery systems are mainly prepared to enhance the bioavailability, site-specific release, sustained release, controlled release, i.e., to modify the release of drug from dosage form may be a tablet, capsule, etc.Objective:The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents concerning the application of eudragit in the prevention of cancer and other ailments. Eudragit polymers are polymethacrylates and may be anionic, cationic, or non-ionic polymers of methacrylic acid, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates, and methacrylic acid esters in varying ratios. Eudragit is available in various grades with solubilities at different pH, thus helping the formulators design the preparation to have a well-defined release pattern.Method:In this review, patent applications of eudragit in various drug delivery systems employed to cure mainly cancer are covered.Results :Eudragit has proved its potential as a polymer to control the release of drugs as coating polymer and formation of the matrix in various delivery systems. It can increase the bioavailability of the drug by site-specific drug delivery and can reduce the side effects/toxicity associated with anticancer drugs.Conclusion:The potential of eudragit to carry the drug may unclutter novel ways for therapeutic intercessions in various tumors.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Common Mental Disorders Among Adult Residents in Silte Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Muze Mohammed , Denur Mehbub , Hussein Mubarek , Muzemil Mufta , Yesse Mubarek , Kedir Shemsu 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
Mental health problems appear to be increasing in importance in Africa. Mental and substance use disorders were the leading cause of yearly lived with disability in Sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence from previous studies shows considerable variation in the prevalence of these disorders. The most acceptable explanation for this wide variation is likely to be the fact that socio cultural factors are major determinants of mental disorders. Therefore a mental disorder has to be understood in a specific setting to develop effective and tailored interventions.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders among adult residents in Silte Zone, southern Ethiopia

Methods:
Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in the study area. A total of 1178 adults were selected by using a three-stage systematic sampling technique. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to determine the prevalence of common mental disorders. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Both bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with common mental disorders.

Results:
The prevalence of common mental disorders among adults found to be 39.7%. Increased age (OR = 1.114; 95% CI = 1.095, 1.134), being female (OR = 9.421; 95% CI = 5.947, 14.926), poor social support (OR = 1.987; 95% CI = 1.358, 2.907) and having life threatening experience (OR = 2.162; 95% CI = 1.825, 2.562) were significantly associated with common mental disorders.

Conclusion:
In the study, the magnitude of common mental disorders remains high in the study area. Increased age, being female, poor social support and having life-threatening experience were significantly associated with common mental disorders.
Anxiety Status and Coping Strategies in Association with Sociodemographic Factors, Dietary and Lifestyle Habits in Greece
Authors: Batsikoura Maria , Zyga Sofia , Tzavella Foteini , Sachlas Athanasios , Rojas Gil Andrea Paola 
Published: October 2021

Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nutritional habits, lifestyle, anxiety, and coping strategies.

Background:
Anxiety is an underestimated and often undiagnosed subclinical disorder that burdens the general public of modern societies and increases illness suscentibility.

Methods:
The study group consisted of 693 individuals living in Peloponnese, Greece. A standardized questionnaire that consists of the dietary habits and lifestyle questionnaire, the trait Anxiety STAI-X-2 questionnaire and the brief-COPE questionnaire, was used. Principal components analysis identified the factors from the questionnaires, and stepwise multivariate regression analysis investigated their relationships.

Results:
Weekly consumption of fruits, tomatoes, salads and lettuce, together with Εmotional/Ιnstrumental support, Denial/Behavioural disengagement, substance use and self-blame, was the most important predictors of anxiety scores. Positive reframing/Humour and Acceptance/Planning are also associated with the Positive STAI factor and decreased anxiety scores.

Conclusion:
Healthy nutritional habits, comprised of consumption of salads and fruits, together with adaptive coping strategies, such as Positive reframing/Humour and Active problem solving, may provide the most profound improvement in the anxiety levels of a healthy population in Peloponnese, Greece.
Learning and Use of eHealth Among Older Adults Living at Home in Rural and Nonrural Settings: Systematic Review
Authors: Airola Ella 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundCare policies emphasize deinstitutionalization and aging in place in response to demographic changes. Different eHealth technologies are one way to achieve this aim. However, there is a need to better understand older adults’ needs for eHealth services, and thus, these health solutions require further exploration.ObjectiveThe purpose of this systematic literature review is to appraise, synthesize, and summarize the literature on older adults’ (aged ≥60 years) eHealth learning and use in real home settings, particularly in rural and remote areas, with a focus on the social and cultural context.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in January 2020 using 4 academic databases. The studies by means of qualitative thematic analysis to identify the barriers, enablers, and support practices involved in the domestication process were examined. In addition, we identified the various meanings attached to eHealth technologies for older adults living in rural and remote areas.ResultsIn total, 31 empirical studies published between 2010 and 2020 were included in this review. A total of 17 articles included participants from rural and remote areas. The most regularly reported barriers related to older adults’ learning to use and use of eHealth were health-related difficulties, such as cognitive impairment or impaired hearing. The most reported enabler was the support provided for older adults in learning and use of eHealth. Support mainly comprised older adults’ own digital competences, which were distributed with their social network. It was found that eHealth technology is needed for rural and remote areas to facilitate access and reduce logistical barriers to health care services.ConclusionsThe literature review provided information and practical implications for designers, health care providers, and policy makers. On the basis of these findings, eHealth technologies should be easy to use, and adequate support should be provided to older adults for use.
From face-to-face to virtual teams: work organization during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Carozzo-Todaro Mauro Enrique , Pinheiro-Carozzo Nádia Prazeres , De Souza Machado Andreza 
Published: October 2021

Context: Work teams in the Human Resources and Financial Department of a large consumer goods company needed to reorganize and adapt themselves to the compulsory remote work imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Through daily online meetings, they interacted, learned to deal with the new scenario, perceived difficulties, and found opportunities. Now, they are facing uncertainty about to what extent this work organization will be maintained in the medium- and long-term. Teaching goals: Analyze the characteristics of the work-teams, reflect on the factors that facilitated and hindered the performance of virtual teams, and assess the challenges faced by the virtual teams created on a compulsory basis. The case generates reflection about face-to-face and virtual teamwork, as well as on barriers, facilitators, and challenges for the implementation of remote work, which enables fostering competencies and skills of recognition, definition, and resolution of problems, strategic thinking, and proposals for changes in work organization. As it presents different contexts and opinions, sometimes contradictories, careful referrals are required. Data source: The case is based on real data obtained through an electronic questionnaire sent to employees in June 2020. The name of the company was kept confidential. Although real speeches, characters, and their interaction are fictional. Applicability: It can be used as a teaching tool in modules related to Human Resource Management, Organizational Behavior, and Team Development, present in postgraduate courses. Teaching notes establish educational objectives, recommended use of the case, lesson planning, and guiding questions for discussion in class.
Keywords: teaching case; teamwork; virtual teams; organizational behavior; Covid-19
Diseño de una Planta Piloto para Extracción de Metabolitos Naturales (Antioxidantes) a Partir de Tomate Chonto
Authors: Ocampo Trujillo Cristian Antonio , Vargas Giraldo Diana Carolina , Pérez Barrera Luis Ernesto 
Published: October 2021

En el presente trabajo se realizó una comparación a partir de la revisión teórica y una simulación en el programa súper pro designer, de dos métodos para la extracción de metabolitos, para el diseño de una planta piloto. Los métodos comparados fueron la extracción con disolventes orgánicos y la extracción por fluidos supercríticos. Según lo encontrado en el estado del arte para ambos métodos se decidió tomar como referente la extracción por fluidos supercríticos con CO2 para la extracción de licopeno del tomate chonto en vista de las ventajas en el proceso respecto al método de extracción con solventes orgánico. Teóricamente se plantean extracciones del 85 % al 95 % de pureza dato de partida para la simulación realizada en el presente trabajo.
Según las simulaciones para los métodos tratados, los tiempos de extracción utilizados fueron de 180 a 360 minutos. Con el método de fluidos supercríticos el tiempo puede disminuir a los 180 minutos pues se observa que se reduce drásticamente la cantidad de sustancia extraída. Definido el método de extracción del licopeno se realizó el análisis de factores que determinaron los criterios para el diseño de la planta piloto, incluyendo los costos, planos y líneas de producción.
The importance of translation in interlingual relations
Authors: Jafarova Kamala Avadır 
Published: October 2021

The language, culture and literature of any nation become strong when it has a great translation literature. That nation has a strong culture and literature because it translates the spiritual and cultural achievements of other nations into its native language and benefits from them. Rather, any language that translates world literature regardless of their size creates and enriches the spiritual bridge of language relations. From this point of view, the Azerbaijani language is no exception. The article consists of three parts. The first part deals with the history of inter-linguistic relations, mainly English and Azerbaijani language relations. The second part of the article discusses the history of literary translation in Azerbaijan. Finally, important part of the translation into and from the Azerbaijani language, are reviewed and analyzed. The article concludes by making the point that literary translation is a spiritual bridge that connects different languages and cultures, translators are bridge builders.
Determining the role of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in the death of domestic pets: 10 cases (2020–2021)
Authors: Carpenter Ann , Ghai Ria R. , Gary Joy , Ritter Jana M. , Carvallo Francisco R. , Diel Diego G. , Martins Mathias , Murphy Julia , Schroeder Betsy , Brightbill Kevin , Tewari Deepanker , Boger Lore , Gabel Julie , Cobb Robert , Hennebelle Janemarie , Stanton James B. , McCullough Kathryn , Mosley Yung-Yi C. , Naikare Hemant K. , Radcliffe Rachel , Parr Boyd , Balsamo Gary , Robbins Brent , Smith David , Slavinski Sally , Williams Carl , Meckes Doug , Jones Dee , Frazier Tony , Steury Kelley , Rooney Jane , Torchetti Mia , Wendling Natalie , Currie Dustin , Behravesh Casey Barton , Wallace Ryan M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To establish a pathoepidemiological model to evaluate the role of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first 10 companion animals that died while infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the US.

ANIMALS
10 cats and dogs that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and died or were euthanized in the US between March 2020 and January 2021.

PROCEDURES
A standardized algorithm was developed to direct case investigations, determine the necessity of certain diagnostic procedures, and evaluate the role, if any, that SARS-CoV-2 infection played in the animals’ course of disease and death. Using clinical and diagnostic information collected by state animal health officials, state public health veterinarians, and other state and local partners, this algorithm was applied to each animal case.

RESULTS
SARS-CoV-2 was an incidental finding in 8 animals, was suspected to have contributed to the severity of clinical signs leading to euthanasia in 1 dog, and was the primary reason for death for 1 cat.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This report provides the global community with a standardized process for directing case investigations, determining the necessity of certain diagnostic procedures, and determining the clinical significance of SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals with fatal outcomes and provides evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can, in rare circumstances, cause or contribute to death in pets.
Treatment of shoulder joint luxation with glenoid ostectomy in a miniature donkey
Authors: Skelton Jase A. , Hawkins Jan F. , Rochat Mark C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION
A 13-year-old 128-kg miniature donkey gelding was evaluated for right forelimb lameness of 7 weeks’ duration.

CLINICAL FINDINGS
Muscular atrophy of the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles over the right scapula with a palpable bony prominence over the point of the shoulder was evident. At the walk, the cranial phase of the stride was reduced with adduction of the distal aspect of the limb, dragging of the toe, and lameness (grade, 4/5). Lateral and craniocaudal radiographs of the right shoulder joint revealed lateral luxation of the humerus in relation to the scapula with bony proliferation and remodeling of the humeral head.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME
Glenoid ostectomy was performed. Immediately after surgery, the donkey was able to intermittently stand squarely on the limb but maintained a reduced cranial phase of the stride at the walk. The donkey had no short-term complications and was discharged from the hospital 11 days after surgery. Following discharge, the donkey was confined to a box stall for 60 days, followed by a gradual increase in movement to full pasture turnout. The lameness continued to improve, and at 15 months after surgery the donkey was turned out in pasture and had mild lameness (grade, 3/5) at the trot. Mild muscular atrophy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles was present with no signs of pain on palpation or manipulation of the limb. Shoulder joint radiography at 15 months after surgery revealed remodeling of the glenoid cavity of the scapula and humeral head with formation of a pseudoarthrosis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Glenoid ostectomy should be considered as an alternative to shoulder joint arthrodesis in small equids with shoulder joint luxation. Other indications for this procedure could include chronic osteoarthritis or fractures affecting the shoulder joint.
Thin-layer hydration method to prepare a green tea extract niosomal gel and its antioxidant performance
Authors: Chasanah U. , Mahmintari N. , Hidayah F. , El Maghfiroh F.A. , Rahmasari D. , Weka Nugraheni R. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to prepare a niosomal gel of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract containing catechins, mostly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (ECGC), as a potent antioxidant. Niosomes can increase EGCG's stability and penetration into the skin for a better therapeutic effect. Niosomes were prepared by a thin-layer hydration method, were evaluated for their vesicle shape, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency, and then incorporated into gels using sodium alginate as a gelling agent. Three niosomal gel formulations were prepared with different concentrations of niosomes green tea extract. Afterwards, organoleptic properties, chemical and physical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and stability and irritability of the niosomal gels were investigated. The different concentrations of green tea extract had a significant effect on the physical characteristics, but not on the chemical ones. Its antioxidant activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method. The 50% extract green tea niosomes gel showed the highest inhibition value (25.13%). The stability was determined by freeze–thaw and real-time methods; they showed a decrease in pH, but still within the pH range of skin. The irritability test used was the Hen's Egg Test-Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) method, which showed no irritation for all formulas. In conclusion, 50% green tea extract niosomes gel results showed it to be the best formulation with optimal antioxidant results.
Reflections on the Mechanisms to Protect Against Formation of Price Bubble in the EU ETS Market
Authors: Jeszke Robert , Lizak Sebastian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The rapid increases of European Union Allowance (EUA) prices and very high market volatility, resulting mainly from the growing role of speculative entities, can contribute to forming a price bubble. This may cause the market instability and could have a implications on planning future reduction investments by European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) participants. That is why they need some kind of ‘safety valve’, an effective EU ETS instrument, which can be triggered when the situation requires it.
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the current legislative rules of the EU ETS protect against sudden EUA price fluctuation and the risk of formation of a price bubble. This paper tries to assess the potential EUA price bubble and to review of existing instruments within the EU ETS, analysing their efficiency using different assumptions and identify channels of possible other market instruments to efficiently prevent the carbon market instability caused by rising EUA prices and market speculation. We argue that the European Commission (EC) does not currently have an appropriate market instrument to respond to the EUA price fluctuation. Moreover, there are some legislative loopholes in the system, which may encourage market speculators to influence EUA prices, and there is need to introduce better market safeguards.