bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relational, co-temporal, contemporaneous, and longitudinal dynamics of self-regulation for academic writing
Authors: Saqr Mohammed , Peeters Ward , Viberg Olga 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWriting in an academic context often requires students in higher education to acquire a new set of skills while familiarising themselves with the goals, objectives and requirements of the new learning environment. Students’ ability to continuously self-regulate their writing process, therefore, is seen as a determining factor in their learning success. In order to study students’ self-regulated learning (SRL) behaviour, research has increasingly been tapping into learning analytics (LA) methods in recent years, making use of multimodal trace data that can be obtained from students writing and working online. Nevertheless, little is still known about the ways students apply and govern SRL processes for academic writing online, and about how their SRL behaviour might change over time. To provide new perspectives on the use of LA approaches to examine SRL, this study applied a range of methods to investigate what they could tell us about the evolution of SRL tactics and strategies on a relational, co-temporal, contemporaneous and longitudinal level. The data originates from a case study in which a private Facebook group served as an online collaboration space in a first-year academic writing course for foreign language majors of English. The findings show that learners use a range of SRL tactics to manage their writing tasks and that different tactic can take up key positions in this process over time. Several shifts could be observed in students’ behaviour, from mainly addressing content-specific topics to more form-specific and social ones. Our results have also demonstrated that different methods can be used to study the relational, co-temporal, contemporaneous, and longitudinal dynamics of self-regulation in this regard, demonstrating the wealth of insights LA methods can bring to the table.
Etodolac improves collagen induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats by inhibiting synovial inflammation, fibrosis and hyperplasia
Authors: Feng Qin , Xia Wenkai , Wang Shenglan , Dai Guoxin , Jiao Weimei , Guo Na , Li Honghua , Zhang Guimin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSynovial hyperplasia is the main cause of chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the mechanism of synovial hyperplasia is still unclear. Etodolac (ETD) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor for relieving pain and stiffness in RA, but the disease modifying effect is still lack of evidence. Proteomics method was used to study the differential proteome of synovial tissue in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. With the help of STRING analysis, the upregulated proteins enriched in the cluster of complement and coagulation cascades and platelet degranulation were highlighted, these proteins with fibrogenic factors Lum, CIV, CXI and Tgfbi participated in the synovial inflammation, fibrosis and hyperplasia in CIA. Based on KOG function class analysis, the proteins involved in the events of the central dogma was explored. They might be hyperplasia related proteins for most of them are related to the proliferation of cancer. ETD significantly attenuated synovial inflammation, fibrosis and hyperplasia in CIA rats by downregulating these proteins. Several proteins have not been observed in RA so far, such as Tmsb4x, Pura, Nfic, Ruvbl1, Snrpd3, U2af2, Srrm2, Srsf7, Elavl1, Hnrnph1, Wars, Yars, Bzw2, Mcts1, Eif4b, Ctsh, Lamp1, Dpp7, Ptges3, Cdc37 and Septin9, they might be potentials targets for RA. Blood biochemistry tests showed the safety of 7 months use of ETD on rats. In conclusion, present study displayed a comprehensive mechanism of synovial hyperplasia in CIA rats, on this basis, the clinical value of ETD in the treatment of RA was well confirmed.
Association Between HbA1c Levels on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes During Pregnancy in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lemaitre Madleen , Ternynck Camille , Bourry Julien , Baudoux Florence , Subtil Damien , Vambergue Anne 
Published: October 2021

AbstractContextDespite optimization of metabolic balance during pregnancy in type 1 diabetes (T1D), maternal–fetal complications remain higher than in the background population.ObjectiveWe examined whether there is an association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and these complications.MethodsRetrospective study of pregnancies in 678 T1D subjects at Lille Hospital (1997-2019). The association between variations in HbA1c levels and complications was examined. The composite criterion (CC) was defined as having at least 1 of the following complications: prematurity, pre-eclampsia, large for gestational age (LGA), small for gestational age (SGA), or cesarean section.ResultsAmong the 678 births, median preconception HbA1c was 7.2% (55 mmol/mol), 361 were LGA (56%), 29 were SGA (4.5%), and 504 were births without preterm delivery (76.1%). The CC occurred in 81.8%. Higher HbA1c during the first trimester was associated with the CC (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02-1.06 per 0.1% increase; P &lt; .001). Higher HbA1c during the third trimester was associated with the CC (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.10 per 0.1% increase; P &lt; .001). The group defined by a first trimester Hba1c &gt;6.5% (48 mmol/mol) and a third trimester HbA1c &lt;6% was associated with an increased rate of the CC (OR 2.81; 95% CI 1.01-7.86) and an increased rate of LGA (OR 2.20; 95% CI 1.01- 4.78).ConclusionElevated HbA1c is associated with maternal–fetal complications. Despite optimization of metabolic balance during the third trimester, for patients with early glycemic imbalance the risk of LGA persists.
Learning to Eat French
Authors: Westbrook John 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFerguson’s Accounting for Taste reveals a gap in our understanding: How did French culinary discourse move beyond the bourgeois sphere in which it emerged in the nineteenth century? Picking up on her comparison of the Proustian synthesis of regional and national culinary culture in the Recherche to the project of national identity creation in the Third Republic’s best-selling textbook, Le Tour de la France par deux enfants, this essay argues that the culinary model Ferguson describes was in fact widely disseminated through mass primary education under the Third Republic. Examining an overlooked corpus of primary school readers and textbooks, I show that food and cooking provided object lessons imparting practical and scientific knowledge to enlighten the masses, and textbooks canonized regional specialties as part of a new national geographic consciousness. At the same time, I underscore the limits of this consensual image of a national culinary culture, which collided with the class habits and horizons of the urban and rural masses attending l’école républicaine.
The Pregnancy-Related Mortality Impact of a Total Abortion Ban in the United States: A Research Note on Increased Deaths Due to Remaining Pregnant
Authors: Stevenson Amanda Jean 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this research note, I estimate one component of the mortality impact of denying all wanted induced abortions in the United States. This estimate quantifies the magnitude of an increase in pregnancy-related deaths that would occur solely because of the greater mortality risk of continuing a pregnancy rather than having a legal induced abortion. Using published statistics on pregnancy-related mortality ratios, births, and abortions, I estimate U.S. pregnancy-related deaths by race and ethnicity before and in the first and subsequent years of a hypothetical total abortion ban. The number of estimated deaths following a total abortion ban is determined by assuming three conditions: that all wanted induced abortions are denied, that each abortion denied leads to 0.8 births, and that there is a corresponding increase in exposure to pregnancy-related mortality. I find that in the first year of such a ban, estimated pregnancy-related deaths would increase from 675 to 724 (49 additional deaths, representing a 7% increase), and in subsequent years to 815 (140 additional deaths, for a 21% increase). Non-Hispanic Black people would experience the greatest increase in deaths (a 33% increase in subsequent years). Estimated pregnancy-related deaths would increase for all races and ethnicities examined. Overall, denying all wanted induced abortions in the United States would increase pregnancy-related mortality substantially, even if the rate of unsafe abortion did not increase.
Src family kinases inhibit differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells through the Hippo effector YAP1
Authors: Fallah Sepideh , Beaulieu Jean-François 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Intestinal cell lineage differentiation is a tightly regulated mechanism that involves several intracellular signaling pathways affecting the expression of a variety of transcription factors, which ultimately regulate cell specific gene expression. Absorptive and goblet cells are the two main epithelial cell types of the intestine. Previous studies from our group using an shRNA knockdown approach have shown that YAP1, one of the main Hippo pathway effectors, inhibits the differentiation of these two cell types. In the present study, we show that YAP1 activity is regulated by Src family kinases (SFKs) in these cells. Inhibition of SFKs led to a sharp reduction in YAP1 expression at the protein level, an increase in CDX2 and the P1 forms of HNF4α and of absorptive and goblet cell differentiation specific markers. Interestingly, in Caco-2/15 cells which express both YAP1 and its paralog TAZ, TAZ was not reduced by the inhibition of SFKs and its specific knockdown rather impaired absorptive cell differentiation indicating that YAP1 and TAZ are not always interchangeable for regulating cell functions.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Local thermal environment and warming influence supercooling and drive widespread shifts in the metabolome of diapausing Pieris rapae butterflies
Authors: Mikucki Emily E. , Lockwood Brent L. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Global climate change has the potential to negatively impact biological systems as organisms are exposed to novel temperature regimes. Increases in annual mean temperature have been accompanied by disproportionate rates of change in temperature across seasons, and winter is the season warming most rapidly. Yet, we know relatively little about how warming will alter the physiology of overwintering organisms. Here, we simulated future warming conditions by comparing diapausing Pieris rapae butterfly pupae collected from disparate thermal environments and by exposing P. rapae pupae to acute and chronic increases in temperature. First, we compared internal freezing temperatures (supercooling points) of diapausing pupae that were developed in common-garden conditions but whose parents were collected from northern Vermont, USA, or North Carolina, USA. Matching the warmer winter climate of North Carolina, North Carolina pupae had significantly higher supercooling points than Vermont pupae. Next, we measured the effects of acute and chronic warming exposure in Vermont pupae and found that warming induced higher supercooling points. We further characterized the effects of chronic warming by profiling the metabolomes of Vermont pupae via untargeted LC-MS metabolomics. Warming caused significant changes in abundance of hundreds of metabolites across the metabolome. Notably, there were warming-induced shifts in key biochemical pathways, such as pyruvate metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, and β-alanine metabolism, suggesting shifts in energy metabolism and cryoprotection. These results suggest that warming affects various aspects of overwintering physiology in P. rapae and may be detrimental depending on the frequency and variation of winter warming events. Further research is needed to ascertain the extent to which the effects of warming are felt among a broader set of populations of P. rapae, and among other species, in order to better predict how insects may respond to changes in winter thermal environments.
Differences in Left Ventricular Function at Rest and during Isometric Handgrip Exercise in Elite Aquatic Sport Athletes
Authors: COATES ALEXANDRA M. , CHEUNG CHRISTIAN P. , CURRIE KATHARINE D. , KING TREVOR J. , MOUNTJOY MARGO L. , BURR JAMIE F. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Elite swimmers (Sw) have lower diastolic function compared with elite runners, possibly as an adaptation to the aquatic training environment. Water polo players (WP) and artistic swimmers (AS) are exposed to the same hydrostatic pressures as Sw, but they are subject to different training intensities, postures, and hemodynamic stressors. Our purpose was to compare resting and exercising cardiac function in elite Sw, WP, and AS, to characterize the influence of training for aquatic sport on left ventricular (LV) adaptation.

Methods
Ninety athletes (Sw, 20M/17F; WP, 21M/9F; AS, 23F) at the 2019 Fédération Internationale de Natation World Championships volunteered for resting and stress (3 min 30% maximal isometric handgrip) echocardiographic assessment of LV global function and mechanics.

Results
Male Sw displayed greater resting systolic and diastolic function compared with WP; however, both groups maintained stroke volume under high-pressure handgrip stress (Sw, ∆−4% ± 12%; WP, ∆−1% ± 13%, P = 0.11). There were no differences between female Sw and WP resting LV function, but Sw demonstrated greater function over AS. During isometric handgrip, all female sport athletes maintained stroke volume (Sw, ∆3% ± 16%; WP, ∆−10% ± 11%; AS, ∆−2% ± 14%, P = 0.46), but WP had improved apical rotation (∆1.7° ± 4.5°), which was reduced in AS (∆−3.1° ± 4.5°) and maintained in Sw (∆−0.5° ± 3.8°, P = 0.04). Unlike Sw and WP, AS displayed a unique maintenance of early filling velocity during handgrip exercise (Sw, ∆−3.5 ± 14.7 cm·s−1; WP, ∆−15.1 ± 10.8 cm·s−1; AS, ∆1.5 ± 15.3 cm·s−1, P = 0.02).

Conclusions
Among male athletes, Sw display primarily volume-based functional adaptations distinct from the mixed volume–pressure adaptations of WP; however, both groups can maintain stroke volume with increased afterload. Female Sw and WP do not demonstrate sport-specific differences like males, perhaps owing to sex differences in adaptation, but have greater volume-based adaptations than AS. Lastly, AS display unique functional adaptations that may be driven by elevated pressures under low-volume conditions.
Six Days of Low Carbohydrate, Not Energy Availability, Alters the Iron and Immune Response to Exercise in Elite Athletes
Authors: MCKAY ALANNAH K. A. , PEELING PETER , PYNE DAVID B. , TEE NICOLIN , WHITFIELD JAMIE , SHARMA AVISH P. , HEIKURA IDA A. , BURKE LOUISE M. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To quantify the effects of a short-term (6-d) low carbohydrate (CHO) high fat (LCHF), and low energy availability (LEA) diet on immune, inflammatory, and iron-regulatory responses to exercise in endurance athletes.

Methods
Twenty-eight elite male race walkers completed two 6-d diet/training phases. During phase 1 (Baseline), all athletes consumed a high CHO/energy availability (CON) diet (65% CHO and ~40 kcal·kg−1 fat-free mass (FFM)·d−1). In phase 2 (Adaptation), athletes were allocated to either a CON (n = 10), LCHF (n = 8; <50 g·d−1 CHO and ~40 kcal·kg−1·FFM−1·d−1), or LEA diet (n = 10; 60% CHO and 15 kcal·kg−1·FFM−1·d−1). At the end of each phase, athletes completed a 25-km race walk protocol at ~75% V˙O2max. On each occasion, venous blood was collected before and after exercise for interleukin-6, hepcidin, cortisol, and glucose concentrations, as well as white blood cell counts.

Results
The LCHF athletes displayed a greater IL-6 (P = 0.019) and hepcidin (P = 0.011) response to exercise after Adaptation, compared with Baseline. Similarly, postexercise increases in total white blood cell counts (P = 0.026) and cortisol levels (P < 0.001) were larger compared with Baseline after LCHF Adaptation. Decreases in blood glucose concentrations were evident postexercise during Adaptation in LCHF (P = 0.049), whereas no change occurred in CON or LEA (P > 0.05). No differences between CON and LEA were evident for any of the measured biological markers (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Short-term adherence to a LCHF diet elicited small yet unfavorable iron, immune, and stress responses to exercise. In contrast, no substantial alterations to athlete health were observed when athletes restricted energy availability compared with athletes with adequate energy availability. Therefore, short-term restriction of CHO, rather than energy, may have greater negative impacts on athlete health.
Common genetic signatures of Alzheimer’s disease in Down Syndrome
Authors: Sharma Ayati , Chunduri Alisha , Gopu Asha , Shatrowsky Christine , Crusio Wim E. , Delprato Anna 
Published: October 2021

Background:People with Down Syndrome (DS) are born with an extra copy of Chromosome (Chr) 21 and many of these individuals develop Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) when they age. This is due at least in part to the extra copy of the APP gene located on Chr 21. By 40 years, most people with DS have amyloid plaques which disrupt brain cell function and increase their risk for AD. About half of the people with DS develop AD and the associated dementia around 50 to 60 years of age, which is about the age at which the hereditary form of AD, early onset AD, manifests. In the absence of Chr 21 trisomy, duplication of APP alone is a cause of early onset Alzheimer’s disease, making it likely that having three copies of APP is important in the development of AD and in DS.Methods:We investigate the relationship between AD and DS through integrative analysis of genesets derived from a MeSH query of AD and DS associated beta amyloid peptides, Chr 21, GWAS identified AD risk factor genes, and differentially expressed genes in individuals with DS.Results: Unique and shared aspects of each geneset were evaluated based on functional enrichment analysis, transcription factor profile and network interactions. Genes that may be important to both disorders in the context of direct association with APP processing, Tau post translational modification and network connectivity are ACSM1, APBA2, APLP1, BACE2, BCL2L, COL18A1, DYRK1A, IK, KLK6, METTL2B, MTOR, NFE2L2, NFKB1, PRSS1, QTRT1, RCAN1, RUNX1, SAP18 SOD1, SYNJ1, S100B.Conclusions:Our findings confirm that oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and immune system processes likely contribute to the pathogenesis of AD and DS which is consistent with other published reports.
An examination of the structural linkages between households and community health services in realization of accelerated primary healthcare delivery in Kisumu County, Kenya: a systematic review
Authors: Wakiaga James M. , Nalugala Reginald 
Published: October 2021

Background: The provision of community health services (CHS) is critical in accelerating primary health care delivery to vulnerable and deprived populations. However, the structural linkages between households and the CHS being provided by community health workers (CHWs) or volunteers in Kisumu County, Kenya, remains weak and inefffective. Methods: This study applied a descriptive approach using a systematic review technique to provide context and substance to the two main research questions: (1) how does the interaction between households and CHWs affect utilization of CHS to promote equity and right to health? (2) How do health-seeking behaviours of households influence their decision-making regarding choices of CHS? We screened the literature from Google scholar, JSTOR, SAGE and EBSCO based on our inclusion criteria, resulting in 21 studies. These studies were assessed for quality and eligibility and data extracted based on relevance to the research study. Results: Households place primacy on trust and confidentiality in the interaction with CHWs and this affects uptake of CHS. The social determinants of health are also critical in influencing the health-seeking behaviour of households and individuals and their choice of CHS. The successful models of CHS share the characteristic of community ownership and participation and provides for comprehensive health care teams. Conclusion: CHS are critical for the acceleration of primary health care delivery. It forms an important pathway for the achievement of universal health coverage, which is an outcome required for Sustainable Development Goal 3 on health.
Case Report: Stem cell therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Hassan Ala'a A. , Elkins Jeananne , Hassan Hisham Y. 
Published: October 2021

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease leading to loss of upper and lower motor neurons at both spinal and bulbar levels. For patients with ALS rehabilitation is important to maintain functional independence, ensure safety and optimize quality of life but is not curative. Stem cell therapy (SCT) provides a new approach to treat previously incurable diseases although peer reviewed published evidence has shown no benefit in ALS for slowing disease progression or functional loss. This case report presents a patient with ALS who underwent SCT but deteriorated rapidly after the procedure. Whether the deterioration was due to the natural progress of the disease or expedited by SCT remains unknown. The ethical considerations of how marketing influences healthcare and individuals’ decisions in desperate situations along with reasons for taking desperate measures are discussed. Patient education and open communication with ALS patients are imperative in gaining patient satisfaction and overcoming ill effects that marketing could have on unconventional methods of intervention. Raising awareness about the availability and access to multidisciplinary care, the timing of decisions with regards to symptom management and end of life care have proven to enhance the quality of life for such patients.
Synergies in mergers and acquisitions in the copper mining industry
Authors: Matuszewski Maciej 
Published: October 2021

Motivation: The results of the research shall broaden the knowledge required for interpretation of synergy effects in the mineral mining sectors. The results obtained shall be used for further research when developing procedures for analysis and evaluation of the effects of mergers and acquisitions in the copper ore mining sector and may also be used by the management of an acquiring party involved in mergers and acquisitions in the copper mining sector.
Aim: The aim of the research, the results of which has been presented in this article, was to identify areas of processes concerning operations and costs as possible sources of synergies in the merger and acquisition processes in the copper ore mining sector. A critical review of literature about the subject as well as desk research have been used to make the study.
Results: The obtained results confirm the need for synergy effects, in the areas of both operations and costs, to be considered in the processes of mergers and acquisitions in the copper ore mining sector. Taking into account the strategy map and the cost structure in the copper mining sector, we may conclude that the costs of mining and milling are the key parameters of the cost structure (in relation to overheads) and they should be considered as the specific subject of due diligence, because apparently, this is the area where the greatest synergy value may be achieved.