bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphometric Study of Pituitary Gland with Correlation of Age and Gender using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Maskey Sunima , Mansur Dil Islam , Karki Subindra , Shrestha Pragya 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The pituitary gland is the master gland of the body. It’s size varies with age and gender. MRI is the safest and effective diagnostic tool for pituitary gland examination.
Objectives: This study was aim to determine the anteroposterior, height and transverse dimensions of normal pituitary gland in different age groups of both sex with MRI.
Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. It consisted of 567 images of individuals (242 males and 325 females) of various age from 20 to 70 years from the Department of Radio- diagnosis, Dhulikhel Hospital.
Results: The mean anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension of pituitary gland is 9.74±1.18 mm, 5.95±1.11 mm and 11.65±2.15 mm respectively in which females have higher value. Independent sample t test showed highly significant differences (p< 0.05) between the mean anteroposterior dimension in males and females. The present study showed the mean value of anteroposterior dimension is maximum at age group 50-59. The mean value of height, transverse dimension and volume of males and females is maximum at 20-29 age group and minimum at 70-79 age group. One way ANOVA shows that there is significant difference between in height, transverse dimension and volume at different age group (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: It was concluded that the height and volume of pituitary gland is maximum at second decade of life then it gradually decreases with age. The mean value of anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension showed greater value of females than males.
Mortality from Burn: An Autopsy Based Study from Nepal
Authors: Baral Madan Prasad , Timsinha Sidarth 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: In developing countries like Nepal burn deaths are a major public health problem due to their increased mortality, morbidity and long-term disability. A few clinical studies on burns have been reported from Nepal however, autopsy based studies on burns are limited.
Objectives: To study the socio-demographic characteristics of victims of burns and evaluate the cause and magnitude of fatal burn injuries retrospectively.
Methodology: A two years retrospective analysis of burn deaths brought for autopsy was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 in a central level hospital of Nepal.
Results: Out of 775 total cases autopsied 38 (4.90%) cases were burn related deaths. The majority of the deaths 17(44.70%) occurred in the age group 21-30 years with a preponderance in females 22(57.89%). Majority of the victims were married females 25(65.78%) and most of them were housewives 14(36.84%). Flame burn 23(60.52%) was the most common cause of all burns. The Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) Burn between 50-69% was observed in majority of the cases 27(71.05%).Most of the victims 15(39.47%) survived over 10 days post injury. Burn incidents were mainly accidental 33(86.84%) in nature followed by suicidal burns 5(13.15%). The main cause of burn death was septicemic shock 16(42.10%) followed by neurogenic shock 10(26.31%).
Conclusion: The results of this study show that burns injuries are mostly accidental in nature; therefore, the risks of burn injuries should be rightly addressed and appropriate burn prevention strategies should be developed to reduce the frequency and burn related deaths.
Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae in patients attending a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Khatun Sanzida , Shah Diwakar Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Lumbosacral Transitional vertebrae are congenital anomalies of lumbosacral vertebral junction. It may present either as sacralization of fifth lumbar vertebrae or lumbarization of first sacral vertebrae. Various secondary pathological spinal conditions such as intervertebral disc herniation and/or degeneration, facet joint arthrosis and spinal canal or foraminal stenosis are associated with the presence of LSTV. The failure in the identification may lead to clinical consequences such as errors in diagnosis of disease and lumbosacral procedures.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of LSTV in patients presenting to Department of Radiology of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal..
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Radiology of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal.Plain radiographs including Antero-posterior (AP) and Lateral views of lumbosacral spine of 343 patients referred for the scan were analyzed for the presence of lumbosacral vertebrae.
Result: Out of 343 patients, LSTV was found in 61 (17.8%) subjects. Thirty-eight subjects (11.1%) exhibited sacralization and 23 (6.7%) showed lumbarization.Out of total LSTV subjects, type I A was present in 8 (13.1%), type I B in 21 (34.4%), type II A in 10 (16.4%), type II B in 5 (8.2%) , type III A in 6 (9.8%) , type III B in 9 (14.8%) and type IV in 2 (3.3%).
Conclusion: The LSTV is prevalent in almostone-fifth of subjects presenting to department of radiology of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar for lumbosacral scan.. Sacralization occurs more frequently than lumbarization, both of which alter the morphology of anatomical structures in spine. The presence of anomaly in this region may be related to occurrence of various pathological and clinical conditions.
Loss of Sense of Smell and Taste among Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Positive COVID-19 Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shah Rajeev , Koirala Bipin , Gyawali Sangya 
Published: November 2021

Results: A total of 166 patients were included in the study. The age of the patients ranged from 10 to 84 years with a mean age of 44.34 ± 23.059 years. Out of the 166 RT-PCR positive patients 103 (62%) had a loss of taste while 114 (68.7%) had a loss of smell. Nearly half of the subjects about 99 (51.6%) had dysfunction in both taste and smell.
Conclusions: The present study shows the strong association between the olfactory and gustatory dysfunction with that of COVID infection. Patients with loss of taste and smell should be evaluated properly at the time of COVID pandemic. Olfactory and Gustatory dysfunction can be the early and only manifestation of COVID infection. The prevalence of loss of smell and taste was similar to other studies done in similar settings.
Identifying High Risk Pregnancy and Its Effectiveness in determining Maternal and Perinatal Outcome
Authors: Shrestha Junu , Gurung Sangeeta Devi , Subedi Anjali , Pandey Chandani 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Identification of high risk pregnancy can be done by using various scoring systems which is highly predictive in determining maternal and perinatal outcome.
Objectives: The objectives of the study were to identify high- risk pregnancy and to compare the maternal and perinatal outcome of high-risk with low-risk pregnancies.
Methodology: This study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, from 1st August 2020 to 31st January 2021. Study included pregnant women coming for delivery after 28 weeks of gestation. Antenatal scoring system involving various risk factors, was used to stratify women as low-risk (score 0-3), high-risk (score 4-6) and extremely high-risk group ( score ≥7). All women were followed up in intrapartum and postpartum period and complications noted. Neonates were also followed up. Maternal and perinatal outcome of three groups were compared.
Results: There were 67.3% women in low-risk, 20% in high-risk and 12.7% in extremely high-risk groups. Operative deliveries were 89.9% in extremely high- risk, 77.9% in high- risk as compared to 51% in low- risk group. Maternal complications, total amount of blood loss and duration of hospital stay was more in extremely high-risk and high-risk pregnancies. Low birth weight was more common in extremely high risk (60%) and high-risk (26%) pregnancies compared to low- risk pregnancies (15%). Neonates with low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were more in high-risk pregnancies. Thirty-two percent neonates in extremely high-risk pregnancy required neonatal intensive care admission which was significantly higher as compared to high-risk and low-risk pregnancies. Perinatal deaths were more frequent in extremely high-risk pregnancies.
Conclusions: Identifying high risk pregnancy using scoring system is useful to identify women at risk of developing maternal and perinatal complications.
Perbandingan Segmentasi Menggunakan Greenplate dan Discrete Cosine Transform Pada Obyek Berbasis Greenscreen
Authors: Susanto Heri , Jamal Jamal , Yanto Dwi 
Published: November 2021

Segmentasi citra merupakan salah satu topik penting dalam bidang pengolahan citra digital yang dapat ditemukan dalam perbagai bidang riset citra. Masing-masing jenis citra memiliki pendekatan berbeda dalam penerapan proses segmentasi. Banyak metode yang dapat digunakan untuk proses segmentasi, misalnya dengan menggunakan threshold, pendeteksian tepi, transformasi watershed ataupun metode yang lain. Dalam penelitian ini membandingkan metode segementasi menggunakan Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) dan Greenplate. Pengukuran menggunakan perbandingan nilai MSE (Mean Square Error) pada kedua metode terhadap citra asli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan MSE dengan menggunakan metode Discrete Cosine Transformasi (DCT) ini. Kesimpulan dengan menggunakan Discrete Cosine Transform dapat memperbaiki segmentasi obyek berbasis Greenscreen.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Materi Pembelajaran Komputer Terapan Jaringan Kelas X TKJ
Authors: Septiawan Noor Wahid , Pratama Afis 
Published: November 2021

Kurangnya media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran di SMK Al Furqon Demak yang selama ini bersumber dari buku dan ceramah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran jaringan komputer dengan adobe flash cs6 materi pembelajaran komputer terapan jaringan kelas sepuluh, mengetahui desain, realisasi, unjuk kejadian tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran komputer terapan jaringan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan jenis penelitian pengembangan (Research and development). Proses penelitian yang dilakukan adalah: (1) potensi masalah, (2) analisis kebutuhan, (3)pembuatan software, (4) uji validasi oleh ahli, (5) revisi produk, (6) layak. Media pembelajaran diuji oleh ahli media dan ahli materi. Pengguna dalam uji coba siswa kelas sepuluh SMK Al Furqon Demak berjumlah 26 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Teknik yang digunakan menggunakan analisis deskriptif yang diungkapkan dalam distributif skor dan persentase terhadap katagori skala penilaian 1, 2, 3, dan 4 yang telah ditentukan.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan kualitas media yang dihasilkan sebagai berikut: kelayakan media pembelajaran menurut ahli media memperoleh persentase total sebesar 100%, sedangkan menurut ahli materi memperoleh persentase sebesar 93%, dan hasil uji coba pengguna di lapangan memperoleh persentase sebesar 86%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran memiliki kualitas yang baik dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Adobe Flash CS6 Pada Mata Pelajaran Dasar Desain Grafis Kelas X Multimedia SMK Islam Al Amin Bonang Demak
Authors: - Indana Zulfa , Mangiri Herry Sulendro 
Published: November 2021

Kurangnya media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran di SMK Islam Al amin khususnya pada mata pelajaran dasar desain grafis yang hanya bersumber dari buku, dan internet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Untuk merancang pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis adobe flash CS6 (2) Mengimplementasikan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis adobe flash CS6 (3) Untuk menguji kelayakan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis adobe flash CS6.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian (Research and Davelopment) dengan model yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan prosedur pengembangan, yaitu (1) analisis kebutuhan, (2) desain, (3) pengembangan dan implementasi. Subjek penelitian adalah 20 siswa jurusan Multimedia kelas X SMK Islam Al amin Bonang Demak. Objek penelitian adalah media pembelajaran interaktif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa angket modifikasi skala likert dengan lima pilihan jawaban yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran.
Hasil menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Media pembelajaran interaktif pada mata pelajaran dasar desain grafis dapat menjadi variasi media untuk pembelajaran, (2) media pembelajaran interaktif pada mata pelajaran dasar desain grafis terdiri dari materi dasar desain grafis, animasi tampilan, video tutorial , dan kuis pilihan ganda, (3) tingkat kelayakan media pembelajaran ditinjau dari: (a) aspek media dinyatakan “Layak” oleh ahli media dengan persentase 69%. (b) aspek materi dinyatakan “Sangat Layak” oleh ahli materi dengan persentase 94,5%. (c) penilaian pengguna atau siswa memperoleh persentase sebesar 90% dengan kategori “Sangat Layak”.

Kata kunci: media pembelajaran interaktif, dasar desain grafis , adobe flash CS6
A mikrobiom globális szerepe a „One Health” megközelítésmód szerint
Authors: Hancz Csaba 
Published: November 2021

All-pervasive role and significance of microbiome is becoming more and more acknowledged thanks to the intense multidisciplinary research done in the last decades. Its global function and significance is on the rise, and the future fate of the biosphere is unequivocal and beyond dispute. Uncertainties and varied usage of synonyms justifies to define once again notions like microbiome, pro- and prebiotics and clarify their relations. Knowledge about microbes important for our health is expanding rapidly. Extensive research on pre- and probiotics leads to their rapid production and broadscale application in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. Human, animal and environmental microbiome are results of co-evolution so adopting the holistic approach suggested by the One Health fighting zoonoses can be even more effective as well as global food production more environmental-friendly and sustainable.
Standartization of Forensic Activities and Certification of Expert Laboratories as a Factor for the Development of Forensic Examination
Authors: Kuchynska I. V. 
Published: November 2021

The author has carried out the analysis of the perspectives for certification of domestic forensic laboratories for the compliance with international standards, which would contribute to the creation of an effective legal mechanism for the transition to a new level of development of forensic technologies. The main factors of administrative and legal regulation in the field of standardization have been studied. In accordance with the requirements of DSTU ISO / IEC 17025 the principles of organization and implementation of the quality management system (QMS) into forensic laboratories have been determined.
It has been established that the execution of the DSTU ISO / IEC 17025 requirements needs significant resources and financial costs from the laboratory. The author has provided clarification to the main stages of preparation for certification, which include measures on developing management documentation (Guidelines, Regulations on forensic laboratory, Accreditation Area), on inventory of existing equipment, metrological support of laboratory activities, preparation and submission of applications to the accreditation agency. It has been noted that certified forensic laboratories should use certified expert methods within their activities that can ensure reliable results during the research. Methodologies should be tested in other reputable organizations or validated directly in the laboratory. Considerable attention has been paid to the quality of standard samples, reagents and materials. The emphasis has been placed on the need to participate in proficiency testing programs based on the results of interlaboratory comparative tests as an effective way to monitor the activities of the forensic laboratory.
The author has substantiated the conclusion that the standardization processes of forensic activity and certification of forensic laboratories are aimed at increasing the level of metrological work to protect citizens and the national economy of Ukraine from the consequences of unreliable measurement results.
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PENELITIAN DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT DI BAGIAN P3M (STUDI KASUS: STMIK HANG TUAH PEKANBARU)
Authors: Melyanti Rika , Iqbal Muhammad , Muhardi Muhardi 
Published: November 2021

Sistem informasi manajemen data penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat (P3M) pada bagian P3M (studi kasus: STMIK Hang Tuah Pekanbaru) masih menggunakan sistem manual. Dimana dosen yang akan melakukan kegiatan P3M, harus mencetak proposal P3M, dimana penggunaan proposal dalam bentuk hardcopy ini kurang efisien untuk diterapkan ditengah kemajuan teknologi komputer saat ini. dan proses pendistribusian proposal calon pendaftar dosen ini dirasa kurang efisien dikarenakan harus berpindah tangan untuk per aktivitas sehingga memakan waktu lama. Kepala P3M STMIK Hang Tuah membutuhkan suatu sistem yang baru agar sistem yang lama dapat diperbaiki. Adapun pendekatan sistem yang dilakukan penulis adalah pendekatan object oriented dengan metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode waterfall, serta alat bantu analisis dan perancangan dengan menggunakan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Sedangkan untuk implementasinya digunakan beberapa perangkat lunak (software) diantaranya menggunakan framework laravel, code editor menggunakan Atom, paket PHP menggunakan XAMPP version 3.2.4 (PHP 7.3.9, web server Apache 2.4.7 serta database MySQLi versi 5.0.12) dan yang terakhir web browser dengan menggunakan Google Chrome. Sehingga aplikasi dapat memfasilitasi dosen dengan unit P3M dan reviewer secara efektif dan membantu unit P3M dalam manajemen kegiatan penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat.
Penerapan Metode Profile Matching Dalam Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Karyawan Terbaik Pada CV. Karya Alam
Authors: Nisa Khoirunnisa , TPY Tri Puji Yuliani , Natasha Putri Dian 
Published: November 2021

Karyawan adalah aset terpenting dalam sebuah perusahaan, karena tanpa karyawan perusahaan tidak akan bertahan lama dan akan mengalami kemunduran. Untuk mendapatkan karyawan yang berkualitas dan kompeten bagian sumber daya manusia (SDM), harus benar-benar melakukan tugasnya dengan baik. Di CV. Karya Alam proses Penentuan karyawan terbaik masih dilakukan dengan cara manual atau musyawarah, karena hanya didasarkan pada penilaian manager operasional dan tidak didasarkan pada kriteria tertentu untuk proses pemilihan karyawan terbaik sehingga menyebabkan ketidakadilan antara satu karyawan dengan karyawan lainnya. Ada beberapa Kriteria Pemilihan karyawan terbaik di Cv. Karya Alam yaitu Aspek Displin, Aspek Integritas dan Aspek Kecerdasan. Metode yang akan digunakan untuk merumuskan sistem keputusan pemilihan karyawan terbaik adalah Metode Profile matching yang merupakan metode penelitian yang dapat digunakan dalam sistem pendukung keputusan, proses evaluasi kompetensi dilakukan dengan membandingkan satu profil nilai (nilai kebutuhan kompetensi) dengan beberapa profil nilai kompetensi lainnya, sehingga hasil perbedaan antara kebutuhan kompetensi dapat diketahui. Dengan menggunakan metode profile matching. maka Cv. Karya Alam dapat mengetahui karyawan terbaik berdasarkan rangking.
DATA MINING DENGAN 2 (DUA) MODEL KLASIFIKASI UNTUK PREDIKSI KINERJA MAHASISWA
Authors: Sabna Eka 
Published: November 2021

Berlimpahnya data mahasiswa pada perguruan tinggi dapat digunakan secara maksimal sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan mampu diolah menjadi informasi yang bermanfaat sehingga dapat mengetahui hubungan antara atribut data yang di dalamnya dapat dianalisis dan diharapkan memiliki keluaran berupa kinerja mahasiswa yang berhubungan Hasil Belajar (IPK). Metode yang digunakan mengunakan metode CRISP-DM yang terdiri dari 6 tahapan. Ada 2 (dua) metode klasifikasi yang digunakan yaitu Naïve Bayes Classifier dan Decision Tree Algoritma C4.5 untuk dilakukan perbandingan algoritma mana yang lebih baik untuk memprediksi kinerja mahasiswa. Hasil dari implementasi data mining dengan menggunakan software Rapidminer, dilakukan terhadap dua model algoritma klasifikasi yaitu C4.5 dan NBC kemudian memasukan dataset sebagai bahan uji untuk kedua model tersebut yang di dalamnya terdapat data latih dan data uji. Berdasarkan nilai akurasi terbaik pada model algoritma Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) adalah 80% sedangkan berdasarkan nilai akurasi terbaik pada model algoritma C4.5 adalah 60 %.
Keywords: C4.5, NBC, IPK, kinerja, mahasiswa
Cerebral Vasculature Influences Blast-Induced Biomechanical Responses of Human Brain Tissue
Authors: Subramaniam Dhananjay Radhakrishnan , Unnikrishnan Ginu , Sundaramurthy Aravind , Rubio Jose E. , Kote Vivek Bhaskar , Reifman Jaques 
Published: November 2021

Multiple finite-element (FE) models to predict the biomechanical responses in the human brain resulting from the interaction with blast waves have established the importance of including the brain-surface convolutions, the major cerebral veins, and using non-linear brain-tissue properties to improve model accuracy. We hypothesize that inclusion of a more detailed network of cerebral veins and arteries can further enhance the model-predicted biomechanical responses and help identify correlates of blast-induced brain injury. To more comprehensively capture the biomechanical responses of human brain tissues to blast-wave exposure, we coupled a three-dimensional (3-D) detailed-vasculature human-head FE model, previously validated for blunt impact, with a 3-D shock-tube FE model. Using the coupled model, we computed the biomechanical responses of a human head facing an incoming blast wave for blast overpressures (BOPs) equivalent to 68, 83, and 104 kPa. We validated our FE model, which includes the detailed network of cerebral veins and arteries, the gyri and the sulci, and hyper-viscoelastic brain-tissue properties, by comparing the model-predicted intracranial pressure (ICP) values with previously collected data from shock-tube experiments performed on cadaver heads. In addition, to quantify the influence of including a more comprehensive network of brain vessels, we compared the biomechanical responses of our detailed-vasculature model with those of a reduced-vasculature model and a no-vasculature model for the same blast-loading conditions. For the three BOPs, the predicted ICP values matched well with the experimental results in the frontal lobe, with peak-pressure differences of 4–11% and phase-shift differences of 9–13%. As expected, incorporating the detailed cerebral vasculature did not influence the ICP, however, it redistributed the peak brain-tissue strains by as much as 30% and yielded peak strain differences of up to 7%. When compared to existing reduced-vasculature FE models that only include the major cerebral veins, our high-fidelity model redistributed the brain-tissue strains in most of the brain, highlighting the importance of including a detailed cerebral vessel network in human-head FE models to more comprehensively account for the biomechanical responses induced by blast exposure.