bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV-1 and Syphilis Prevalence Among Local Chinese and Cross-Border Migrant Female Sex Workers in Sino-Vietnam Border Cities in Guangxi, China: A Nine-Year Consecutive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liang Bingyu , Zhang Fei , Wei Dongmei , Zhang Peidong , Wei Guangwu , Mo Shide , Nong Aidan , Ou Yanyun , Wu Zhenxian , Xie Hai , Liang Xu , Huang Jiegang , Jiang Junjun , Liu Jie , Liao Yanyan , Liu Deping , Liang Hao , Ye Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background To analyze the trends of HIV-1 and syphilis prevalence as well as associated factors among local Chinese female sex workers (LCFSWs) and cross-border migrant female sex workers (CMFSWs) in Sino-Vietnam border cities in Guangxi, China. Methods A consecutive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2010 to 2018 in three border cities in Guangxi. The survey was conducted through face-to-face interview with a structured questionnaire. HIV-1 and syphilis infections were tested simultaneously. Cochran-Armitage analysis was used to assess the trends of HIV-1, syphilis and HCV prevalence, as well as the trend of risk behaviors, HIV/AIDS knowledge and prevention services. Multivariate logistics regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with HIV-1 and syphilis infection.Results Totally, 19873 LCFSWs and 1723 CMFSWs were enrolled. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 and syphilis infection was 0.91% and 5.14%, respectively. The HIV-1 prevalence among CMFSWs was higher than that among LCFSWs, without a declined trend. However, a downward trend was observed among LCFSWs. Overall, the main associated factors of HIV-1 infection among CMFSWs shifted from age >35 years old, staying in current residence for >12 months, self-reporting of STIs in the last year during 2010-2015 to inconsistent condoms use in commercial sex in the past month, HCV infection, self-reporting of STIs in the last year during 2016-2018. The main correlated factors of syphilis infection among CMFSWs changed from staying in current residence for 6~12 months, self-reporting of STIs in the last year, HCV infection during 2010-2015 to low-tier working venues, self-reporting of STIs in the last year, sexing with commercial male clients who used aphrodisiac drugs during 2016-2018. For LCFSWs, the relative strong associated factors of HIV-1 infection shifted from primary school or illiterate education background, illicit drugs use during 2010-2015 to the marital status of unmarried/divorced/widowed, sexing with commercial male clients who use aphrodisiac drugs during 2016-2018, while the main factors of syphilis infection changed from self-reporting of STIs in the last year, illicit drug use during 2010-2015 to self-reporting of STIs in the last year, HCV infection during 2016-2018.Conclusions The relatively higher prevalence of HIV-1 infection and frequent risk behaviours among CMFSWs in border cities in Guangxi, indicating that CMFSWs is the high-risk population for HIV-1 infection and transmission in the region, and is the key population of HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Meanwhile, the change of HIV infection-associated risk factors over time suggests that HIV intervention strategies need to be changed accordingly.
Therapeutic effect of yinchenhao decoction on cholelithiasis via mucin from gallbladder-intestine
Authors: Liu Weijun , Liu Jinjin , Wu Teng , Li Donghua , Cui Yunfeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Cholelithiasis, known as gallstone, was a common and frequently occurring disease worldwide. Mucus was a viscoelastic protective layer lining the surface of mucosa and synthesized by specialized epithelial cells. Yinchenhao decoction was a classic prescription, first documented in Treatise on Febrile Disease. It had a definite and significant therapeutic effect on cholelithiasis, used as a complement to surgery. Our study aimed to investigate the pathological mechanism of cholelithiasis and the therapeutic mechanism of yinchenhao decoction via mucin from gallbladder-intestine.Methods: The solubility of cholesterol in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF) without and with mucin was tested. The experiment of supersaturation stability was designed by solvent-shift method. The animal experiment was performed by cholelithiasis model of high cholesterol diet. The stones were observed and the related lipid was tested by automatic biochemical analyzer. The mucin was detected by PCR and western blot. Statistics was analyzed using χ2-tests and t-tests.Results: There was no significant difference in the solubility of cholesterol between FaSSIF without and with mucin. Tss or AUC significantly increased with addition of mucin to FaSSIF (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in stone rate between the normal group and the model group (p<0.05). Stone rate in the model group showed a significant difference from the yinchenhao decoction group (aspirin group) (p<0.05). The level of related lipid showed a significant increase between the normal group and the model group (p<0.05), while there was a significant decrease between the model group and the yinchenhao decoction group (aspirin group) (p<0.05). A significant increase in the MUC5AC or MUC2 expression was observed between the normal group and the model group (p<0.01). The yinchenhao decoction group (aspirin group) caused a significant decrease in the MUC5AC or MUC2 expression, compared with the model group (p<0.01).Conclusions: In cholelithiasis, the mucin in gallbladder (MUC5AC) highly expressed, shortened cholesterol supersaturation, and promoted cholesterol crystallization; the mucin in small intestine (MUC2) highly expressed, prolonged cholesterol supersaturation, and promoted cholesterol absorption. The yinchenhao decoction inhibited the expression of mucin from gallbladder-intestine for the treatment of cholelithiasis.
Network Pharmacology to Explore Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Action of Compound Longmai Ning Decoction for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Jia , Wang Wenfei , Bu Diaodiao , Zou Junbo , Wang Yao , Jia Yanzuo , Yu Shangshang , Zheng Jiahui , Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Changli 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background and objective: Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. While MI is currently treated with pharmaceuticals, there is a need for new treatment options: compound Chinese medicines may have unique advantages for the treatment of MI. In this study, we used network pharmacology to explore the molecular mechanisms of action of Chinese Longmai Ning decoction (CLMN) as a potential treatment approach.Methods: Chip data related to Myocardial Infarction were downloaded from the GEO database and genes from GSE48060 and GSE66360 chips were obtained by R language. The targets of active components of compound CLMN and myocardial infarction disease were predicted by network pharmacology. After intersection analysis, the core targets were obtained and functional enrichment analysis was carried out. CLMN biological activity was verified by molecular docking prior to establishing a mouse MI model to verify efficacy using hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and immunohistochemistry.Results: KEGG pathway analysis showed that TNF, IL1B, PTGS2, VCAM1, and NFKBIA which mainly act on NF-kappa B pathway contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of CLMN. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that TNF-α and TRAF-2 expression levels in MI of CLMN-treated mice were decreased, while IkBα was increased (P < 0.05). HE staining showed CLMN reduced inflammation in mouse cardiomyocytes and decreased fibrosis.Conclusion: CLMN regulates the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and the expression of TNF, IL1B, PTGS2, VCAM1 and NFKBIA. Chemical analysis showed that CLMN active components such as Daidzein-4,7-diglucoside, rutin and puerarin may be responsible for the therapeutic effect of the decoction.
Self-management for people with epilepsy and a history of negative health events (SMART) targeting rural and underserved people with epilepsy: A methodologic report
Authors: Ghearing Gena , Briggs Farren , Cassidy Kristin , Privitera Michael , Blixen Carol , Sajatovic Martha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Many people living with epilepsy (PLWE) reside in rural communities, and epilepsy self-management may help address some of the gaps in epilepsy care for these communities. A prior randomized control trial of a remotely delivered, web-based group format 12-week self-management program (SMART) conducted in Northeast Ohio, a primarily urban and suburban community, demonstrated improved outcomes in negative health events such as depression symptoms and quality of life. However, there is a paucity of research addressing the needs of PLWE in rural settings.Methods: The present study leverages collaboration between investigators from 2 mid-western U.S. states (Ohio and Iowa) to replicate testing of the SMART intervention and prioritize delivery to PLWE in rural and semi-rural communities. In Phase 1, investigators will refine the SMART program using input from community stakeholder. A community advisory board will then be convened to help identify barriers to trial implementation and strategies to overcome barriers. In Phase 2, the investigators will conduct a 6-month prospective randomized control trial of the SMART program compared to 6-month wait-list controls, with the primary outcome being changes in negative health events defined as seizure, self-harm attempt, emergency department visit, or hospitalization. Additional outcomes of interest include quality of life and physical and mental health functioning. The study will also assess process measures of program adopters and system end-users to inform future outreach, education, and self-management strategies for PLWE.Discussion The method of this study employs lived experience of PLWE and those who provide care for PLWE in rural and underserved populations to refine a remotely delivered web-based self-management program, to improve recruitment and retention, and to deliver the intervention. Pragmatic outcomes important to PLWE, payers, and policymakers, will be assessed. This study will provide valuable insights on implementing future successful self-management programs.Trial registration: The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04705441) on January 12, 2021.
Effect of drug metabolism in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 from an entirely computational perspective
Authors: Jesus João de , Assis Letícia , Assis Alexandre , Cunha Elaine , Nepovimova Eugenie , Kuca Kamil , Ramalho Teodorico , Porta Felipe La 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Understanding the effects of metabolism on the rational design of novel and more effective drugs is still a considerable challenge. To the best of our knowledge, there are no entirely computational strategies that make it possible to predict these effects. From this perspective, the development of such methodologies could contribute to significantly reduce the side effects of medicines, leading to the emergence of more effective and safer drugs. Thereby, in this study, our strategy is based on simulating the electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) fragmentation of the drug molecules and combined with molecular docking and ADMET models in two different situations. In the first model, the drug is docked without considering the possible metabolic effects. In the second model, each of the intermediates from the EI-MS results is docked, and metabolism occurs before the drug accesses the biological target. As a proof of concept, in this work, we investigate the main antiviral drugs used in clinical research to treat COVID-19. As a result, our strategy made it possible to assess the biological activity and toxicity of all potential by-products. We believed that our findings provide new chemical insights that can benefit the rational development of novel drugs in the future.
‹Optimierung› durch Fortbildung und Unterstützung für Schulen?!
Authors: Endberg Manuela , Engec Lara-Idil , Van Ackeren Isabell 
Published: April 2021

Im Mittelpunkt des vorliegenden Beitrags steht die Frage, inwiefern bestehende Unterstützungsangebote für die Schulentwicklung im Kontext der Digitalisierung und mögliche Unterstützungsbedarfe ineinandergreifen. Dazu wird zunächst ein Modell präsentiert, in dem Dimensionen der Schulentwicklung mit Unterstützungsleistungen kombiniert werden – als eine Erweiterung des Modells der Schulentwicklungsdimensionen nach Eickelmann und Gerick (2017). Anschliessend wird das Forschungsprojekt «Fortbildungs- und Unterstützungssysteme für Schulentwicklung im Kontext der Digitalisierung» (ForUSE-digi) vorgestellt. Ziel von ForUSE-digi ist eine deutschlandweite Bestandsaufnahme der Strategien, Strukturen und Massnahmen der Fortbildungs- und Unterstützungssysteme aller 16 Bundesländer. In diesem Beitrag werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse für das Bundesland Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) präsentiert. Dabei werden sowohl zentrale Strategiepapiere und bundeslandspezifische Strukturen als auch konkrete Massnahmen (u. a. in Form von Fortbildungen und Beratungsleistungen) analysiert. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der Modellerweiterung hinsichtlich der Frage nach ‹optimalen› Unterstützungsleistungen für Schulen im Kontext der Digitalisierung diskutiert. Dabei werden beidseitig bestehende ‹Optimierungsbedarfe› festgestellt. Der Beitrag schliesst mit einem Fazit sowie einem Ausblick auf den zweiten vertiefenden Teil des Forschungsprojekts ForUSE-digi, in dem Interviews mit Expertinnen und Experten bezüglich der Unterstützungssysteme ausgewählten den Bundesländern geplant sind.
Features of assessment of levels of acmeological competence among future shipping navigators in the process of learning activities
Authors: Kalashnik Mykola 
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of assessing the effectiveness of the formation of acmeological competence of future navigators in the process of their professional training. And taking into account the specifics of their professional activities, the main objects of pedagogical diagnostics of the formation of the level of acmeological competence of future navigators are: acme-awareness, acme-praxis, acme-quality, acme-ability, acme-properties, value orientations and motivation, activity of interaction with the external environment, the effectiveness of subject-cognitive activity.
The key in pedagogical measurement is the definition of assessment criteria corresponding to the indicators of the named education. According to the main provisions of the theory of pedagogical measurement, the article highlights the criteria for the formation of the acmeological competence of future navigators with the corresponding indicators of their manifestation, the distribution of which is determined by: motivational, cognitive, praxeological and personal criteria, makes it possible to effectively evaluate the corresponding complexes of indicators of the state of formation of acmeological competence. In addition, in the course of the study, a three-level system of forming the acmeological competence of future navigators was propaned: low, medium and high. Where the highest level of formation of acmeological competence is characterized as – the level of actual "acme", which future navigators must achieve in their personal and professional development while studying in educational institutions.
The effect of the drug "Cobazin" on the productive indicators of bee colonies
Authors: Kisil Dmytro , Fotina Tetiana , Nazarenko Svitlana 
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the drug "Cobazin" on the productivity of bee colonies during the increase in strength (increase in the number of young bees in the bee colony) in spring and autumn.
Materials and methods. Control and experimental groups were formed to test "Cobazin" feed supplement. It was fed 5 times with an interval of 5 days. Bee colonies from the control group received a pure sugar solution (1:1) in the amount of 0.5 liters per bee colony, and the experimental group received a sugar solution of 0.5 liters per bee colony (1:1) with the addition of the drug "Cobazin" in the amount of 2.5 g.
Indicators characterizing the development of bee colonies were determined by a measuring frame of 5x5 cm in size, for 12 days to cover the total number of eggs laid by the queen bee during feeding. Four measurements were performed during the study. The results of the control and experimental groups were compared and the significance of the differences between them was established. There was a comparison of the difference between groups of bees both fed pure sugar syrup in a ratio of 1:1 and syrup with the addition of the drug "Cobazin".
Results. It is proved that during the feeding period the number of brood in bee colonies that received feed supplement "Cobazin" increased significantly by 76 % (71 % in the group that received only sugar solution without this drug). Live weight of queen bees in colonies that were stimulated with "Cobazin" was actually 2 % higher compared to the control group.
It was found that at the end of the bee season, bee colonies fed in May with the feed supplement "Cobazin" had significantly higher values of strength, number of sealed brood and live queen bees compared to those who received pure sugar solution. The brood in the control group was 25 % lower than in the experimental group.
Conclusions. For the first time it was proved that the use of feed supplement "Cobazin" in combination with sugar solution has a positive effect on the features that characterize the development of bee colonies (strength, number of sealed brood) and their health productivity. The positive impact is observed not only during feeding, but also in subsequent periods of colony development.
Formation of productivity of sowing peas depending on technology measures of cultivation in the conditions of the western forest-steppe
Authors: Bakhmat Mykola , Chynchyk Oleksandr , Nebaba Kateryna 
Published: April 2021

In the conditions of the western Forest-steppe, leguminous crops, including sowing peas, are the main and most important source of vegetable protein, which solve the biological and ecological problems of modern agriculture in Ukraine.
The article presents the main research results on the study of the effect of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on the formation of the sowing peas productivity in the conditions of the western Forest-steppe.
The field trifactor experiment was laid in the ten-field crop rotation in Podillia Research Center of State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, during 2016–2018. The field experiment was laid down in the research ten-digit crop rotation. In microstages VVSN 55-65 (budding – flowering) crops were sprayed with growth regulators PlantaPeg, Еmistim С and Vympel.
The studies carried out showed that the individual productivity of plants of the Chekbek variety was the best of all the varieties that were studied. It was found, that high indices of the mass of 1000 seeds were in the variants, where mineral fertilizers were used at a dose of N30P30K45 with the plant growth regulator Vympel. According to this fertilizer composition, the mass indices of 1000 seeds for peas of the Chekbek variety were 266.4 g, and for the Hotivskyi and Fargus varieties – 260.6 g and 238.4 g, respectively.
The grain yield of peas is an integrated indicator of the action of all life factors on the plant organism during its growth and development. To a large extent, it depends on the biological characteristics of the variety, the supply of moisture and nutrients to the plant, technological methods of cultivation, as well as natural and climatic conditions. In our studies, the crops, fed with mineral fertilizers and growth regulators, were significantly less exposed to adverse factors, and the studied technology elements had a positive effect on the productivity of pea grain. The maximum biological yield was for the application of mineral fertilizers in doses of N30P30K45 and the plant growth regulator Vympel. For the varieties of Hotivskyi peas, these indicators were 3.79 t/ha, Chekbek 4.32 t/ha, and Fargus 3.30 t/ha
Intra-arterial Instillation of a Nociceptive Agent Modulates Cardiorespiratory Parameters Involving 5-HT3 and TRPV1 Receptors in Anesthetized Rats
Authors: Singh Sanjeev K. , Muthu M.S. , Revand Ravindran , Mandal Maloy B. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Since long back, it has been a matter of discussion regarding the role of
peripheral blood vessels in the regulation of cardiorespiratory (CVR) system.

Objective:
The role of 5-HT3 and TRPV1 receptors present on perivascular nerves in elicitation of
CVR reflexes was examined after intra-arterial instillation of bradykinin in urethane anesthetized
rats.

Materials and Methods:
Femoral artery was cannulated retrogradely and was utilized for the instillation
of saline/agonist/antagonist and recording of blood pressure (BP), using a double ported 24G
cannula. BP, respiration and ECG were recorded for 30 min after bradykinin (1 μM) in the absence
or presence of antagonists.

Results:
Instillation of bradykinin produced immediate hypotensive (40%), bradycardiac (17%),
tachypnoeic (45%) and hyperventilatory (96%) responses of shorter latencies (5-8 s) favoring the
neural mechanisms in producing the responses. In lignocaine (2%) pretreated animals, bradykinin-
induced hypotensive (10%), bradycardiac (1.7%), tachypnoeic (13%) and hyperventilatory
(13%) responses attenuated significantly. Pretreatment with ondansetron (100 μg/kg), 5-HT3-antagonist
attenuated the hypotensive (10%), bradycardiac (1.7%), tachypnoeic (11%) and hyperventilatory
(11%) responses significantly. Pretreatment with capsazepine (1 mg/kg), transient receptor potential
vanilloid 1- antagonist blocked the hypotensive (5%), bradycardiac (1.2%), tachypnoeic
(6%) and hyperventilatory (6%) responses significantly.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, presence of a nociceptive agent in the local segment of an artery
evokes vasosensory reflex responses modulating CVR parameters involving TRPV1 and 5-HT3 receptors
present on the perivascular sensory nerve terminals in anesthetized rats.
Personalized Nanotools for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Radhakrishnan Arun , Kuppusamy Gowthamarajan , Subramaniam Thirumalai 
Published: April 2021

:
Advances in personalized medicine are currently impacting improvement in the field of metabolic diseases and patient care. The current innovations in integrating nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology tools in pharmaceutical formulation development have proven the effectiveness of xenobiotics for the diagnosis, treatment, and cure of various metabolic diseases. The implementation of nanomedicines for the treatment of metabolic diseases has served the advantage of overcoming the limitation of bioavailability, selectivity and specificity, biological barriers, and toxicity. Simultaneously, the hybridization of drug molecules and nanomaterials builds promising effective tools for the same. While on the other hand, the development in omics sciences has further supported the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of various metabolic disease conditions. Therapy and analysis of metabolic diseases in asymptomatic patients can be facilitated whereas, harsh complications in diagnosis and disease progression can be avoided by the use of molecular metabolic and genetic biomarkers, biosensor miniatures, and transducers. Therefore, a combination of personalized medicine and nanotechnology gives rise and serves an ultimate goal of predicting, preventing, and treating metabolic diseases. The current article reviews the interdisciplinary nature of personalized medicine, nanotechnology, and nanobiotechnology to employ a safe, efficient, stable, cost-effective futuristic approach for individualized treatment strategies and challenges in the application of personalized medicines for metabolic diseases.