bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finitary codings for gradient models and a new graphical representation for the six‐vertex model
Authors: Ray Gourab , Spinka Yinon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIt is known that the Ising model on at a given temperature is a finitary factor of an i.i.d. process if and only if the temperature is at least the critical temperature. Below the critical temperature, the plus and minus states of the Ising model are distinct and differ from one another by a global flip of the spins. We show that it is only this global information which poses an obstruction to being finitary by showing that the gradient of the Ising model is a finitary factor of i.i.d. at all temperatures. As a consequence, we deduce a volume‐order large deviation estimate for the energy. Results in the same spirit are shown for the Potts model, the so‐called beach model, and the six‐vertex model. We also introduce a coupling between the six‐vertex model with and a new Edwards–Sokal type graphical representation of it, which we believe is of independent interest.
Algebraic and combinatorial expansion in random simplicial complexes
Authors: Fountoulakis Nikolaos , Przykucki Michał 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper we consider the expansion properties and the spectrum of the combinatorial Laplace operator of a d‐dimensional Linial–Meshulam random simplicial complex, above the cohomological connectivity threshold. We consider the spectral gap of the Laplace operator and the Cheeger constant as this was introduced by Parzanchevski, Rosenthal, and Tessler. We show that with high probability the spectral gap of the random simplicial complex as well as the Cheeger constant are both concentrated around the minimum co‐degree of among all ‐faces. Furthermore, we consider a random walk on such a complex, which generalizes the standard random walk on a graph. We show that the associated conductance is with high probability bounded away from 0, resulting in a bound on the mixing time that is logarithmic in the number of vertices of the complex.
Beyond individual job insecurity: A multilevel examination of job insecurity climate on work engagement and job satisfaction
Authors: Hsieh Hui‐Hsien , Kao Kuo‐Yang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo address the recent call for investigations of job insecurity as a collective construct—namely, job insecurity climate—this study developed and tested a multilevel model of consequences of job insecurity climate. Specifically, we examined the association of job insecurity climate with employees' perceived organizational obstruction, which, in turn, relates to their work engagement and job satisfaction. In the current study, cross‐sectional data were collected from a sample of 357 full‐time Taiwanese employees in 42 work units. Using multilevel structural equation modeling analyses to test our hypotheses, we found that job insecurity climate was positively related to employees' perceived organizational obstruction. We also found that job insecurity climate had a negative indirect association with employees' work engagement and job satisfaction through the perceived organizational obstruction. Our results shed light on the relationship between job insecurity climate and employee outcomes beyond individual job insecurity and the psychological mechanism through which job insecurity climate relates to employee work engagement and job satisfaction. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Embedding of Ti3C2TxNanocrystals in MAPbI3Microwires for Improved Responsivity and Detectivity of Photodetector
Authors: Guo Hang , Wang Hongyue , Fan Haibo , Ye Qian , Zhang Jin , Cao Fengren , Li Liang , Tong Yu , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid MAPbI3microwires show unique optoelectronic properties for high performances of photodetectors (PDs). However, the defects‐assisted nonradiative recombination is harmful for carrier transport, which limits the performances improvement of MAPbI3microwires PDs. Traditional organic passivation agents effectively combine the surface defects of microwires and also reduce the mobility of overall film based on the perovskite microwires. Therefore, the improvement of internal carrier transport of microwires and the mobility of integrated film simultaneously is a particular challenge for fabrication of performances enhanced perovskite microwires PDs. Here, the Ti3C2TxNCs are fabricated by nonfocus laser irradiation in liquid environment, and hybrids the high conductive NCs in the MAPbI3microwires. The presence of Ti3C2TxNCs renders defects passivation, enhancement of crystalline orientation, charge transport, and carrier extraction for MAPbI3microwires, and boots the mobility of microwires based film, leading to about tenfolds enhancement of performances of PDs than that of the control. The maximum responsivity and the detectivity of the Ti3C2TxNCs embedded MAPbI3microwires PDs reach to 1.70 A W−1and 7.0 × 1011Jones in visible window, respectively. The findings suggest that the laser generated high conductive Ti3C2TxNCs is an effective additive for perovskite microwires to fabricate performances enhanced optoelectronics.
Heterogeneous Degradation in Thick Nickel‐Rich Cathodes During High‐Temperature Storage and Mitigation of Thermal Instability by Regulating Cationic Disordering
Authors: Zhang Lihan , Zhao Chenglong , Qin Xianying , Wang Shuwei , He Lunhua , Qian Kun , Han Ting , Yang Zhangping , Kang Feiyu , Li Baohua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe thermal instability is a major problem in high‐energy nickel‐rich layered cathode materials for large‐scale battery application. Due to the scarce investigation of thick electrodes at the practical full‐cell level, the understanding of thermal failure mechanism is still insufficient. Herein, an intrinsic origin of thermal instability in fully charged industrial pouch cells during high‐temperature storage is discovered. Through the investigation from crystals to particles, and from electrodes to cells, it is shown that serious top‐down heterogeneous degradation occurs along the depth direction of the thick electrode, including phase transition, cationic disordering, intergranular/intragranular cracks, and side reactions. Such degradation originates from the abundant oxygen vacancies and reduced catalytic Ni2+ at cathode surface, causing microstructural defects and directly leading to the thermal instability. Nonmagnetic elements doping and surface modification are suggested to be effective in mitigating the thermal instability through modulating cationic disordering.
Entwurf und Tragwerksanalyse der Stahl‐ und Glaskuppel des Academy Museum of Motion Pictures
Authors: Meier Florian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDie 45 m weit spannende Gitterschale des Academy Museum of Motion Pictures in Los Angeles, entworfen von Renzo Piano Building Workshop (Genua) in Zusammenarbeit mit Knippers Helbig (Stuttgart, New York), ist das Herzstück des im Frühjahr 2021 fertiggestellten Filmmuseums. Die Konstruktion versteht sich einerseits geometrisch als Fortsetzung des kugelförmigen Neubaus aus Stahlbeton, setzt sich jedoch andererseits aufgrund der filigranen Stahlrundrohr‐ und Vollprofile, diagonalen Seilverspannung und schindelartigen Glaseindeckung als hochtransparenter, architektonischer Kontrast vom restlichen Baukörper ab. Die Kuppel überdacht die sogenannte „Dolby“‐Terrasse, ein Ort für besondere Ausstellungen und Veranstaltungen, und ist das Ergebnis einer komplexen Komposition vielfältiger tragender und nicht tragender Bauteile: Stahltragwerk, Beschattungssysteme, Belichtung, Elektrizitätsleitungen, Sprinklerrohre, Wartungszugänge. In der Ausarbeitung der zur Schau gestellten Funktionalität des Tragwerks, bei gleichzeitiger Bewahrung der visuellen Leichtigkeit, lag das Hauptaugenmerk des mehrjährigen Entwurfsprozesses in Zusammenarbeit mit den Architekten. Der vorliegende Aufsatz beschreibt wichtige Meilensteine im Entwurfs‐ und Berechnungsprozess, von strategischen Weichenstellungen in der grundlegenden Konzeption der Gitterschale bis zur Detaillierung des Stahl‐Leichtbaus.
Die Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin
Authors: Hauke Bernhard 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDie Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin und insbesondere die Stahlkonstruktion der Eingangshalle zählt zu den bekanntesten Bauten der Moderne. Fertiggestellt 1968, wird sie im August 2021 nach der Sanierung wiedereröffnet. Die Neue Nationalgalerie zählt als eines der letzten Meisterwerke des Architekten Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Hier wird jedoch die damalige Ingenieurleistung dahinter betrachtet, der Statiker Prof. Dr.‐Ing. H. Dienst und G. Richter aus Berlin, der Prüfingenieure Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Karlheinz Roik und Dipl.‐Ing. Gerhard Sedlacek – zu der Zeit beide TU Berlin – sowie die Arbeit der Stahlbauer wie H. Oeter und H. Sontag.
Movement Ecology of a Potamodromous Top Predator in a Large Lake: Synchrony and Coexistence of Distinct Migratory Patterns
Authors: Ivanova Silviya V. , Johnson Timothy B. , Fisk Aaron T. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMigrations are a critical component of the life histories of many highly mobile animals. Potamodromous migrations that occur within large lakes are poorly understood for most species. This lack of understanding hampers restoration efforts and adaptive management because the movement of species and underlying patterns and mechanisms help scientists identify important habitats and quantify species’ roles in the ecosystem. This study quantified the spatiotemporal movements and migratory patterns of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush, an iteroparous, potamodromous predator, in eastern Lake Ontario. The lake is highly managed and supports a diverse fish community of native and nonnative species. The movements of 41 Lake Trout were quantified over 2.4 years (December 2016 to April 2019) across a large array of 196 acoustic receivers in eastern Lake Ontario. An analysis of individual movements revealed a potential annual convergence occurring in the fall at a location other than the spawning grounds, followed by a synchronized migration to spawning areas. Consistent with divergent migrations, return migration was asynchronous among individuals but consistent in timing interannually, stretching over a longer period than did prespawning movements and across multiple routes. The data suggest the existence of three groups (i.e., contingents) of Lake Trout with distinct migratory behaviors. This study provides important information on the migratory patterns and routes and a potential staging area for a potamodromous top predator population in a large lake. This information can help managers understand the potential success and implications of employing different rehabilitation strategies, such as diversifying populations of Lake Trout through selective strain stocking in large deep lakes to aid reestablishment across habitats. In addition, our results have the potential to improve community dynamics modeling, understanding of nutrient cycling, and overall ecosystem function of large lakes.
Luteolin mitigates potassium dichromate‐induced nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity and genotoxicity through modulation of Kim‐1/Nrf2 signaling pathways
Authors: Awoyomi Omolola Victoria , Adeoye Yemisi Dorcas , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Ajibade Temitayo Olabisi , Asenuga Ebunoluwa Rachael , Gbadamosi Idayat Titilayo , Ogunpolu Blessing Seun , Falayi Olufunke Olubunmi , Hassan Fasilat Oluwakemi , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo , Arojojoye Oluwatosin Adetola , Ola‐Davies Olufunke Eunice , Saba Adebowale Benard , Adedapo Adeolu Alex , Oguntibeju Oluwafemi Omoniyi , Yakubu Momoh Audu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEnvironmental and occupational exposure to chromium compounds has become potential aetiologic agent for kidney disease with excessive generation of free radicals, apoptosis, and inflammatory. These pathophysiologic mechanisms of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) have been well correlated with nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. The cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of Luteolin, a known potent antioxidant were evaluated in this study with 40 healthy rats in four experimental groups: Group A (normal saline), Groups B (30 mg/kg K2Cr2O7), Group C (Luteolin 100 mg/kg and K2Cr2O7 30 mg/kg), and Group D (Luteolin 200 mg/kg and K2Cr2O7 30 mg/kg), respectively. Markers of antioxidant defense system, oxidative stress, blood pressure and micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPEs), immunohistochemistry of Kidney, injury molecule (Kim‐1), nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), and cardiac troponin I were determined. Administration of K2Cr2O7 increased blood pressure parameters in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures, markers of oxidative stress, and frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes, together with reduction in serum nitric oxide level. Renal Kim‐1 and cardiac troponin I expressions were higher, but lower expressions of renal and cardiac Nrf2 were recorded with immunohistochemical analysis. Pre‐treatment with Luteolin restored blood pressure parameters, with concomitant reduction in oxidative stress indicators, augmented antioxidant mechanisms and serum Nitric oxide level, lowered the expressions of Kim‐1, cardiac troponin I and up‐regulated of both cardiac and renal Nrf2, reduced the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes. Taken together, this study therefore demonstrates the cardioprotective, nephro protective and antigenotoxic effects of Luteolin through antioxidantive and radical scavenging mechanisms.
Curcumin functions as an anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant agent on arsenic‐induced hepatic and kidney injury by inhibiting MAPKs/NF‐κB and activating Nrf2 pathways
Authors: Xu Guowei , Gu Yuqin , Yan Nan , Li Yongfang , Sun Lin , Li Bing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChronic arsenic exposure has been associated with various toxic effects, especially to the organs of liver and kidney. As a plant polyphenol, curcumin is the most vital bioactive ingredient of turmeric and has a wide range of pharmacological activities. In the present study, we investigated the potential roles of curcumin against arsenic‐induced liver and kidney dysfunctions in mice. Curcumin treatment (200 mg/kg) not only decreased the deposition of arsenic in liver and kidney, but also relieved the hepatic and nephritic biochemical indexes (Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [AST], Alanine aminotransferase [ALT], albumin, and creatinine) altered by arsenic at doses of 10 and 25 mg/L via drinking water. What's more, curcumin exerted influences on the activities of myeloperoxidase and on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in liver and kidney tissues. In addition, the levels of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) phosphorylation were declining while NRF2‐signaling targets were increasing in mice liver and kidney by curcumin administration. In conclusion, our results here suggest that curcumin could exert both anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant functions on arsenic‐induced hepatic and kidney injury by inhibiting MAPKs/NF‐κB and activating Nrf2 pathways cooperatively.
Refining Literacy Pedagogy through Practitioner Inquiry Partnerships
Authors: Johnston Kelly C. , Harper Tracy 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPractitioner inquiry partnerships offer a method of professional learning that positions teachers as experts and supports their culturally, linguistically, and racially diverse students through the cultivation of responsive pedagogical practices. This article builds on the research base around practitioner inquiry in literacy classrooms and contributes further understanding of what it looks like to partner with teachers to engage in inquiry as professional learning, how this process leads to refined literacy pedagogy and shifts toward student‐centered practices, and why it is humanizing to embrace expansive notions of literacy. By attuning to sociocultural and affective approaches to literacy, the authors discuss inquiry partnerships with two teachers and provide insight into how other teachers might also engage with practitioner inquiry to refine their literacy pedagogy. The authors argue the inquiry process supports shifts in literacy pedagogy that not only help teachers navigate constraints but also lead to centering students’ responses and engagement.
Concentration of 2,3 bisphosphoglycerate in cattle affected with acute ruminal acidosis
Authors: Moosa Dhiyaa A. , Al‐Obaidi Qaes T. , Mustafa Nashaat G. , Dahl Mohammad O. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe main objective of the study conducted here was to estimate the concentration of 2,3‐Bisphosphoglycerate (2,3‐BPG), 1,3‐Bisphosphoglycerate (1,3‐BPG), bisphospho‐glycerate mutase (BPGM) and 3‐phosphoglycerate (3PG) in cattle clinically diagnosed with acute ruminal acidosis. A secondary objective was to examine the physical and chemical characteristics of the ruminal fluid in affected cattle. A total of 20 cattle clinically diagnosed with acute ruminal acidosis and eight clinically normal cattle were included in this study. The results showed that decrease of ruminal pH changed the ruminal fluid colour, odour and consistency, as well as decreased the sedimentation time, increased the methylene blue reduction time, and decreased ruminal microflora motility. The study indicated that the concentration of 2,3‐BPG, BPGM and BPGP decreased with the decrease of ruminal pH, while 3‐PG concentration was not affected with the decrease of ruminal pH. In conclusion, 2,3‐BPG could play a role in the pathogenesis of ruminal acidosis, and thus, the intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate is important, particularly in severe cases, to correct any systemic acidosis that can decrease 2,3‐BPG concentration and results in tissue hypoxia.
E-STEM in Everyday Life: How Families Develop a Caring Motive Orientation Towards the Environment
Authors: Almeida Sylvia Christine , Fleer Marilyn 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInternationally there is growing interest in how young children engage with and learn concepts of science and sustainability in their everyday lives. These concepts are often built through nature and outdoor play in young children. Through the dialectical concept of everyday and scientific concept formation (Vygotsky LS, The collected works of L.S. Vygotsky. Problems of general psychology, V.1, (Trans. N Minick). Editor of English Translation, RW Rieber, and AS Carton, New York: Kluwer Academic and Plenum Publishers, 1987), this chapter presents a study of how families transformatively draw attention to STEM and sustainability concepts in the everyday practices of the home. The research followed a focus child (4–5 year old) from four families as they navigated everyday life and talked about the environments in which they live. Australia as a culturally diverse community was reflected in the families, whose heritage originated in Europe, Iran, India, Nepal and Taiwan. The study identified the multiple ways in which families introduce practices and conceptualise imagined futures and revisioning (Payne PG, J HAIA 12:2–12, 2005a). About looking after their environment. It was found that young children appear to develop concepts of STEM, but also build agency in exploration, with many of these explorations taking place in outdoor settings. We conceptualise this as a motive orientation to caring for the environment, named as E-STEM. The study emphasises for education to begin with identifying family practices and children’s explorations, as a key informant for building relevant and locally driven pedagogical practices to support environmental learning.
Toddlers’ Outdoor Play, Imagination and Cultural Formation
Authors: Ridgway Avis , Quiñones Gloria , Li Liang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDiscussion on toddlers’ outdoor play practices in various cultural spaces is rare in literature. In Australia, toddlers’ physical development and well-being is promoted but less attention is given to cultural nuances of outdoor play. We ask the question: How does outdoor play impact on toddlers’ imagination and cultural formation? Conducted in three Australian long day care (LDC) sites, an ethically approved project “Studying babies and toddlers: Cultural worlds and transitory relationships” examines the process of three Australian toddlers’ outdoor enculturation. The concepts of imagination and play from Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory are drawn upon in relation to Hedegaard’s institutional practices model, to link contextual relations between society, community and family. Cultural formation processes in toddlers’ outdoor play, we argue, are more completely understood when daily life across home and local community is acknowledged. Data findings illustrate complexity of movement and experimentations in cultural conditions, where different spaces hold possibilities for imaginative transformations in toddler’s play. Implications suggest toddlers’ imaginative and culturally responsive outdoor play aligns with availability of interested adult/peers, shared family and community values, and varied local spaces. In this way, affective and dynamic outdoor interactions imbue cultural formation of toddler’s play and imagination with local personal meaning.
Verisig 2.0: Verification of Neural Network Controllers Using Taylor Model Preconditioning
Authors: Ivanov Radoslav , Carpenter Taylor , Weimer James , Alur Rajeev , Pappas George , Lee Insup 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper presents Verisig 2.0, a verification tool for closed-loop systems with neural network (NN) controllers. We focus on NNs with tanh/sigmoid activations and develop a Taylor-model-based reachability algorithm through Taylor model preconditioning and shrink wrapping. Furthermore, we provide a parallelized implementation that allows Verisig 2.0 to efficiently handle larger NNs than existing tools can. We provide an extensive evaluation over 10 benchmarks and compare Verisig 2.0 against three state-of-the-art verification tools. We show that Verisig 2.0 is both more accurate and faster, achieving speed-ups of up to 21x and 268x against different tools, respectively.