bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HETEROTOPIC BONE FORMATION AFTER TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY OR SECONDARY COXARTHROSIS
Authors: Kjærsgaard-Andersen Per , Hougaard Kjeld K , Linde Frank , Christiansen Svend Erik , Jensen Jørn 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Heterotopic bone formation was investigated in 392 Charnley low-friction total hip arthroplasties. A multivariate linear regression analysis was used to account for the influence of co-variables: sex, age at surgery, postoperative treatment with antiinflammatory drugs during at least the first 2 weeks, and previous ipsilateral hip surgery. A total of 232 hips had been treated for primary coxarthrosis, and 114 and 46 hips for secondary coxarthrosis due to congenital dislocation and fracture-dislocation of the hip, respectively. None of the hips with primary coxarthrosis previously had ipsilateral hip surgery, whereas 41 hips (36%) in patients with congenital dislocation of the hip and 28 hips (61%) in patients with fracture-dislocation of the hip had one or more ipsilateral surgical procedures prior to the arthroplasty. The sex ratio varied between the groups, with a male:female hip ratio of 1:1, 1:10, and 3:1 for the three groups, respectively. The risk of developing grades 2 or 3 heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty were significantly higher in men, patients without postoperative treatment with antiinflammatory drugs, and patients above age 60. In contrast, the analysis documented that previous ipsilateral hip surgery and type of coxarthrosis did not influence lesion development, supporting the theory that a systemic, rather than local factor, is responsible for the development of heterotopic bone formation after total hip arthroplasty.
CONGENITAL VERTICAL TALUS: SURGICAL CORRECTION BY A ONE-STAGE MEDIAL APPROACH
Authors: Schrader Lawrence F , Gilbert Robert J , Skinner Stephen R , Ashley R Kirklin 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A single stage procedure for correction of congenital vertical talus using a medial approach is described. The operation was performed on 14 feet with good initial anatomical results in all cases. No wound healing complications were observed.
CLOSED TREATMENT OF CANINE NONUNIONS BY CONTROLLED COMPRESSION AND DISTRACTION USING AN ILIZAROV FIXATOR: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: Kummer Frederick J , Meislin R J , Pankovich A , Frankel V H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Ilizarov fixator was used for closed treatment of canine nonunions by controlled compression and distraction. The fibrous matrix and cartilage formed within the nonunion site transformed to osteoid and bone with increased vascularity. Healing was demonstrated by substantia] bone bridging the nonunion at 6 weeks. The Ilizarov method appears to be a viable treatment for nonunions.
Isolated Closed Diaphyseal Fractures of the Femur in Children: Comparison of Effectiveness and Cost of Several Treatment Methods
Authors: Clinkscales Carlton M , Peterson Hamlet A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The effectiveness of several treatment modalities for isolated closed femur fractures in children ages 4 through 16 years is compared based on outcome (clinical results, morbidity, and parents' satisfaction) and cost. Between 1986 and 1993, 30 patients were treated. Treatment methods included immediate hip spica cast application, distal femoral skeletal traction pin to align the fracture followed by early hip spica cast incorporating the pin (6th day), in-hospital traction, primary external fixation, and primary intramedullary nailing. Average follow up was 4.1 years.
Overall results were excellent with minimal morbidity for all treatment methods. Early application of hip spica cast with or without incorporation of the distal femoral traction pin required the fewest hospital days, the shortest time to union, and had the lowest overall cost. Complications, mainly malunion and femoral length discrepancy, however, were greater. Skeletal traction resulted in the longest hospital stay and was equal in cost to external fixation and intramedullary nailing. Primary external fixation appears most applicable in patients who are unlikely to tolerate early casting and who are at increased risk of avascular necrosis with femoral nailing. Patients treated with an intramedullary nail had the fewest complications. Age, size, and gender of patient, location and type of fracture, as well as social circumstances are all significant factors in choosing the optimal method of treatment.
The Theory of Early Loosening of Hip Prostheses
Authors: Mjöberg Bengt 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The issue of prosthetic loosening is currently a matter of debate, particularly with regard to the timing and nature of the precipitating events. The theory presented here postulates that loosening begins at an early stage due to either insufficient initial fixation or early loss of fixation. The loosened prosthetic component is then affected by varying degrees of mechanical stress associated with normal daily activity, which differs according to patient characteristics (body weight and level of physical activity) and the components used (prosthetic design, positioning, friction, and wear). This theory of early loosening can explain without supplementary ad hoc assumptions the rapid early prosthetic migration detected by roentgen stereophotogrammetry, the development of focal osteolysis and wear granulomas, the phenomenon known as stress-shielding, and, to a great extent, the epidemiology of clinical failure.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tuberculous Spondylitis
Authors: Akman Senol , Sirvanci Mustafa , Talu Ufuk , Gogus Abdullah , Hamzaoglu Azmi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The clinical and imaging findings of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis were retrospectively analyzed to assess the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and determine the different patterns of spine involvement. Fifty-three patients with plain radiographs and MRI of the entire spinal column were included in the study. Sagittal T1- and T2-weighted MRIs of the entire spine and axial T1- and T2weighted MRIs at the levels of interest were retrospectively evaluated. Plain radiographic correlation was obtained in all patients. The lower thoracic and thoracolumbar spine was the most commonly involved region.
Magnetic resonance imaging is effective in the early diagnosis of tuberculous spondylitis. It also detects lesions, which may not be apparent on plain radiographs.
Refracture Following Plate Removal in Supracondylar-Intercondylar Femur Fractures
Authors: Davison Brian L 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In a study of 41 supracondylar-intercondylar femur fractures treated with open reduction and plate fixation, 1 5 patients requested plate removal due to lateral knee pain over the hardware. A refracture of the distal femur occurred within 1 0 weeks of hardware removal in 4 (27%) of 15 patients. All refractures occurred during normal functional activities. Patients who request hardware removal following union of a distal femur fracture treated with open reduction and plating should be informed of the possibility of refracture.
Overdiagnosed Sciatica and Stenosis, Underdiagnosed Hip Arthritis
Authors: Swezey Robert L 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A retrospective analysis of 43 consecutive patients with hip osteoarthritis was performed. Twenty-four patients had previously been diagnosed with hip osteoarthritis, and 19 were treated solely for coexistent spine-related disorders without recognition of hip osteoarthritis. Four of 19 patients had previous spinal surgery for sciatica or spinal stenosis, 6 of 19 had epidural injections, 17 of 19 had magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography, and 3 of 19 had electrodiagnostic studies.
Does Morbid Obesity Negatively Affect the Hospital Course of Patients Undergoing Treatment of Closed, Lower-Extremity Diaphyseal Long-Bone Fractures?
Authors: Baldwin Keith D. , Matuszewski Paul E. , Namdari Surena , Esterhai John L. , Mehta Samir 
Published: April 2021

Obesity is prevalent in the developed world and is associated with significant costs to the health care system. The effect of morbid obesity in patients operatively treated for long-bone fractures of the lower extremity is largely unknown.
The National Trauma Data Bank was accessed to determine if morbidly obese patients (body mass index >40) with lower extremity fractures have longer length of hospital stay, higher cost, greater rehabilitation admission rates, and more complications than nonobese patients. We identified patients with operatively treated diaphyseal femur (6920) and tibia (5190) fractures. Polytrauma patients and patients younger than 16 years were excluded. Morbidly obese patients were identified by ICD-9 and database comorbidity designation (femur, 131 morbidly obese; tibia, 75 morbidly obese). Patients meeting these criteria who were not morbidly obese were used as controls. Sensitivity analyses were performed to analyze patients with isolated trauma to the tibia or femur. Morbidly obese patients were more likely to be admitted to a subacute facility. Length of stay trended higher in morbidly obese patients. There was no significant relationship between obesity and inpatient mortality or inpatient complications. These trends held true when considering patients with multiple injuries and patients who had isolated long-bone injuries.
Our study showed that morbidly obese patients may have greater rehabilitation needs following long-bone fractures in the lower extremity. Our study showed no difference in mortality or complications, although further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Contact Pressure Comparison of Proud Osteochondral Autograft Plugs Versus Proud Synthetic Plugs
Authors: Harris Joshua D. , Solak Kraig K. , Siston Robert A. , Litsky Alan , Richards Jason , Flanigan David C. 
Published: April 2021

Osteochondral autograft transfer is an accepted treatment for chondral and osteochondral defects of the knee. Synthetic plugs may eventually be used for primary treatment of defects. Currently they are largely used for osteochondral donor site backfill. Placement of osteochondral or synthetic plugs proud leads to articulating surface incongruity, increases in contact pressure, and potential for both plug and opposing surface degenerative change.
We conducted a biomechanical study of human cadaver knees to determine whether differences exist in the contact pressure of osteochondral autograft plugs placed proud versus synthetic plugs placed proud. Ten human cadaveric knees were used (20 condyles). Contact pressure was measured with Tekscan sensor technology (South Boston, Massachusetts) with both static and cyclical loads (of 250 and 500 cycles) created by an MTS Bionix system (Eden Prairie, Minnesota) under the following conditions: native articular cartilage, surgically created defect (7-mm diameter), 1-mm proud osteochondral autograft, and 1-mm proud synthetic graft. Proud osteochondral autograft plugs resulted in a 21.4% increase in peak contact pressure over surrounding native articular cartilage versus a 4.9% increase with proud synthetic plugs. Synthetic plugs compressed their structure and subsided versus subchondral bone collapse with compressive load in osteochondral autograft plugs. Proud osteochondral autograft plugs have significantly higher peak contact pressures than proud synthetic plugs when placed for treatment of chondral and osteochondral defects in the knee.
Long-Term Results of Bulk Femoral Head Autograft in Cementless THA for Developmental Hip Dysplasia
Authors: Saito Shu , Ishii Takao , Mori Sei , Hosaka Kunihiro , Nemoto Naho , Tokuhashi Yasuaki 
Published: April 2021

We evaluated the fate of bulk femoral head autograft in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) for developmental hip dysplasia. Of 87 hips (80 patients) studied, 37 hips (32 patients) were available for follow-up at a mean of 18.5 years (range, 15–24 years) postoperatively. The mean age of these 32 patients at the index procedure was 53.8 years (range, 40–65 years). The initial diagnosis was osteoarthritis in all 32 patients. The degree of acetabular dysplasia according to Crowe classification was type I in 18 hips (48.6%), type II in 14 (37.8%), type III in 5 (13.5%).
The mean percentage of horizontal coverage of the acetabular components with graft bone was 34% (range, 25%–45%). Trabecular bridging across the graft–host interface was seen at a mean of 4 months (range, 2–6 months) postoperatively. Trabecular reorientation of the grafted bone was seen in all hips at a mean of 27 months (range, 12–36 months) postoperatively. There was no evidence of collapse and bony resorption of the grafted bone in the weight-bearing portion. Acetabular component fixation was stable in all hips at final follow-up. Of the 37 hips (32 patients), 2 acetabular components required revision: 1 for a late postoperative deep infection and 1 for dissociation of the polyethylene liner. The survival rate was 94.5% (95% confidence interval, 91.3–96.5) for the acetabular component at 18.5 years of follow-up.
This study found that bulk femoral head autograft in cementless THA for developmental hip dysplasia produces excellent long-term results.
Total Hip Arthroplasty with Ceramic-on-Ceramic Bearing Failure from Third-Body Wear
Authors: Bonnaig Nicolas S. , Freiberg Richard A. , Freiberg Andrew A. 
Published: April 2021

This article describes a new mechanism of failure of a ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty (THA) due to fretting corrosion and failure of the Morse taper. A 46-year-old man with hip osteonecrosis underwent THA in 2006. A ceramic-on-ceramic, un-cemented THA with a titanium femoral component and metal-on-ceramic Morse taper was implanted.
Two years postoperatively, he presented with swelling in his groin and a painless medial thigh mass. The thigh mass was diagnosed as an abscess. Incision and drainage was performed and resulted in a sinus tract that continuously drained copious amounts of seropurulent fluid. Two months later, the patient underwent irrigation, debridement, and explantation of his hip. Frozen sections showed no signs of infection. There was dramatic visible wear of the Morse taper and pieces of metal embedded in the ceramic. Permanent sections showed chronic inflammation and foreign body reaction. He subsequently underwent an uneventful re-implantation with a metal-on-highly-cross-linked-polyethylene THA.
In this case, failure of the morse taper led to metal debris, which reacted with the ceramic and caused dramatic third-body wear. The thigh mass, which appeared to be an infection, proved to be a massive foreign body granuloma. Malfunction of the morse taper as reported in this case represents a possible failure mechanism of a ceramic-on-ceramic THA.
Educating the Nursing Profession for Role Transformation
Authors: Weiss Sandra 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article proposes the use of a role transformation model to facilitate the assumption of more progressive attitudes and more autonomous, responsible behavior by nurses. Five major areas of content which need to be addressed in the role transformation process are detailed: 1) Defining and Articulating the Nursing Domain, 2) Legitimizing the Nursing Profession, 3) Communicating in Professional rather than Non-professional Modes, 4) Negotiating Collaborative Roles, and 5) Cultivating the Organizational Network. Emphasis is placed on the responsibility of nursing educators to model and facilitate role transformation for students and nursing colleagues.
Role-Orientation Change Among RNs in an Upper-Division Level Baccalaureate Program
Authors: Whelan Elaine Gilligan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Using the Corwin Role-Orientation Instrument as modified by Dr. M.E. Bevis, the author conducted a study within an upper division level Baccalaureate Nursing Program to determine the extent to which students were "professionalized" in the process of attaining a BS in Nursing. The study design involved a cross-sectional sample of entering and exiting students within the same university program. In addition to assessing the students for their role-orientations, personal and demographic data were collected in order to compare the respective student groups for profile similarities and differences. Analysis of the data collected suggested some similarities between the student groups in terms of such variables as age dispersion, sex, and basic nursing preparation. Differences detected between the groups included marital status, amount of clinical experience, educational goals, and career goals. Statistical analysis is presented to describe the distribution of scores attained by the two groups on the Corwin Role-Orientation Instrument. Responses to the 22-item questionnaire determine the extent to which the subject has a "bureaucraticorientation," a "service-orientation," and a "professional orientation." In this study, students who were about to graduate from the upper division level Baccalaureate Nursing Program hold a role-orientation which is less bureaucratic, more professional and more service oriented than their entering counterparts.
Problems in the Development, Use and Testing of Nursing Theory
Authors: Engstrom Janet L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This paper identifies and describes seven areas of difficulty in the development, use, and testing of nursing theory. These problems are as follows: (1) the belief that there are absolute truths about nursing and that these truths can be found; (2) a lack of understanding of the definition and functions of theory; (3) the notion that there is only one theory of nursing and that this theory can account for all nursing activities; (4) the belief that members of the profession must all agree on the theory or theories that should be used; (5) the failure to empirically validate the theories that have been developed; (6) the failure to allow for modification of existing theories; and, (7) the failure to develop theory from and relate theory to clinical practice.
Professionalism Among Nurse Educators
Authors: Schriner Janet G , Harris Isabel 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Three hundred seventy nurse educators who teach in a midwestern state in nursing education programs participated in a mailed survey to investigate the relationship of educational preparation of faculty to their attitude on professionalism. Hall's 25-item Professional Scale was used to measure the dependent variables of autonomy, use of the professional organization as a major referrant, belief in the public service nature of nursing, belief in self-regulation and sense of calling to the field, and the independent variable educational preparation of the nursing faculty member. There were very few significant differences among nurse educators when grouped according to highest level of education. Mean scores on the attitudinal components of professionalism, however, illustrated a consistent pattern of the higher the educational preparation, the higher the attitudes on professionalism. Implications for further study are discussed.
Value Analysis: A Method for Teaching Nursing Ethics and Promoting the Moral Development of Students
Authors: Frisch Noreen Cavan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In an investigation of junior-level baccalaureate nursing students, the value analysis teaching strategy was used to teach content related to nursing ethics. It was hypothesized that such a strategy, which emphasized the need for careful evaluation and weighing of facts preparatory to drawing conclusions, would impact on the student's level of cognitive moral development. Cognitive moral development was defined in accord with Kohlberg's theory of moral development. Control and experimental populations were derived from two groups of students sequentially enrolled in the same course. Pre- and post-testing using scores on Rest's Defining Issues Test (DIT) showed significant differences in gain between control and experimental subjects. There was a strong association between DIT score gains and selfreport of peer discussion of ethical issues. The major implication of this study is that instructional intervention produces measurable change in some students' level of moral judgment.
Health Promotion Behaviors in Nursing Students
Authors: Richter Judith M , Malkiewicz Judy A , Shaw Dale 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to determine if there were significant differences in wellness behaviors in three groups of nursing students. One group of students had completed a course entitled Health Promotion Behaviors, one group had participated in a personalized health assessment program in an interdisciplinary health clinic, and one group that served as the control had no unusual treatment. The intent was to determine if either teaching strategy was more effective in promoting health behaviors.
The Lifestyle Assessment Questionnaire as well as physiological parameters, such as apical pulse and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and a height/weight ratio were used to measure wellness behaviors.
While the findings revealed significant differences in the treatment groups with regard to exercise and pulse rate, the overall trend was for wellness behaviors to actually decrease in all groups over the course of six months. The results are discussed with their implications for nursing education.
Student Reaction to the 12-Hour Shift in an Undergraduate Baccalaureate Nursing Program
Authors: Heaslip Jane 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Over the past two years, students in their final year of nursing studies at our university have rotated through a combined medical- surgical Intensive Care and Coronary Care Unit where they have been required to work 12-hour shifts. This article presents the reactions of those students to this scheduling pattern and describes faculty concerns regarding the experience.
A Feminist Framework for Graduate Education in Women's Health
Authors: Andrist Linda C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Graduate programs in the area of women's health have focused primarily on childbearing issues. Titles of programs such as Parent-Child Nursing, Maternal -Newborn Nursing, and Maternal-Child Nursing suggest a focus on reproduction and reproductive organs. It cannot be assumed that programs presume a feminist framework or produce graduates who are women-centered and look beyond reproductive issues. It is essential that graduate education in women's health encompasses the values of feminism and women-centered philosophy. Feminist theory, as a world view of women, brings to nursing the underpinnings for a conceptual framework in women's health. Women's health is committed to health promotion, maintenance, and restoration of the whole person through women-centered practice. The graduate curriculum provides students with the philosophy and tools for advanced nursing practice; therefore graduate curricula in women's health must include two important purposes. The first purpose is refocusing the curriculum on the whole personwoman, not solely on obstetrics and gynecology. The second purpose is socialization of students towards feminist practice, in the profession, in clinical practice, and in research.
Nursing Students' Perspectives of Unethical Teaching Behaviors
Authors: Theis E Charlotte 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This preliminary study set out to collect free response data from nursing students about the nature of unethical teaching behaviors they had encountered in the classroom or clinical setting. Senior nursing students enrolled in three baccalaureate nursing programs were used as subjects. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Unethical teaching behaviors, as described by the subjects, were classified according to three major ethical principles that had been violated: Respect for persons; Justice; and Beneficence. Results revealed that the largest number of unethical teaching behaviors involved violations of respect for students.
Findings from this initial investigation will serve as the basis for the development of a structured, scaled instrument that will identify not only the types of unethical teaching behaviors that nursing students encounter, but also their frequency and the degree to which students find these behaviors problematic.