bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sikap Tawadhu’ Siswa SMP terhadap Guru Pada Pondok Pesantren Tanwirul Afkar Dusun Wadang Tempel Kecamatan Krian Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Munir Mochammad Misbahul 
Published: April 2021

Pondok pesantren merupakan lembaga yang tetap eksis sampai sekarang. Dan semakin berkembangnya zaman, ada beberapa pondok pesantren yang mendirikan satu yayasan dengan sekolah formal, baik tingkat SMP ataupun SMA sederajat. Di pondok pesantren atau di sekolah formal pasti para santri atau siswa diberikan gemblengan tentang bagaimana berakhlak mulia, salah satunya tawaduk. Peneliti melakukan penelitian pada siswa yang bersekolah formal dan bermukim di pondok pesantren Tanwirul Afkar dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara kepada guru mengenai sikap tawaduk siswa di dalam kelas setiap harinya. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan: Pertama, menjelaskan apa saja bentuk dan pelaksanaan sikap tawaduk siswa SMP Tanwirul Afkar terhadap guru Krian Sidoarjo. Dan kedua, untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi tawaduk siswa terhadap guru di SMP Tanwirul Afkar Krian Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori terjemahan kitab bidayatlÂ hidayahÂ yangÂ dikarangÂ oleh Imam Al-Ghazali. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisisnya meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sikap tawaduk siswa terhadap guru di SMP Tanwirul Afkar bermacam-macam. Apabila siswa melakukan kesalahan terhadap guru, ada yang menerima nasihat dan teguran tersebut, ada juga yang berani membangkang. Ketika kegiatan belajar di kelas berlangsung, kebanyakan siswa mendengarkan dan memperhatikan, tetapi ada juga yang berani berbicara sendiri bahkan keluyuran keluar masuk kelas. Pun ketika guru memerintahkan untuk mengerjakan tugas, ada siswa yang mengerjakan tugas dengan benar dan tepat waktu mengumpulkannya, mengerjakan tugas tetapi telat mengumpulkannya, bahkan tidak mengerjakan tugas dan mengumpulkannya. Perbedaan tersebut dikarenakan 3 faktor, yaitu faktor lingkungan masyarakat yang ditempati, faktor kepribadianÂ guruÂ padaÂ saat mengajar dikelas, dan faktor pengetahuan siswa tentang pentingnya mencari ilmu.
Jalan Damai Sufi Nusantara : Gagasan Dan Karya Wali Songo, Hamzah Fansuri, & Syamsuddin As-Sumatrani Bagi Perdamaian
Authors: Hutagalung Boydo Rajiv 
Published: April 2021

This article discusses on how the thoughts or dakwah’s methods of some Islam figures in the past, which we can call them as Nusantara’s Sufis. According to the writer’s perspective, the dakwah’s methods of Nusantara’s Sufis contributes positively for harmony, tolerance, and peace. Some of them are: The Wali Songo, Hamzah Fansuri, and Syamsuddin As-Sumatrani. Their thought and and their spirituality can be categorized as Social Tasawuf which is not only oriented in verticalistic spirituality but also to bring harmony, peace, and acceptance to culture.
ANALISIS YURIDIS NORMATIF TERHADAP PERJANJIAN HUTANG PIUTANG
Authors: Zulaiha Habibah 
Published: April 2021

Credit agreement with fiduciary guarantee is not a guarantee based on the law, but is born because it must be agreed in advance between the bank as the creditor with the customer as the debtor. The purpose of this study is to know the Normative JuridicalAnalysis to Against Debt Agreement On BFI FINANCE KEDIRI.
The focus of attention in the issue of fiduciary security is if the debtor is defaulted. In the contract law if the debtor does not fulfill the contents of the agreement or does not do the things that have been agreed, then the debtor has defaulted with all legal consequences. Law Number 42 Year 1999 on Fiduciary Guarantee does not recognize the term of default, but uses the term Promise Injury

AbstrakPerjanjian kredit dengan jaminan fidusia bukan merupakan hak jaminan yang lahir berdasarkan undang-undang, melainkan lahir karena harus diperjanjikan terlebih dahulu antar bank selaku kreditur dengan nasabah selaku debitur. Tujuan Penelitian Iniadalah mengetahui Analisis Yuridis Normatif Terhadap Perjanjian Hutang Piutang Pada BFI FINANCE KEDIRI.
Fokus perhatian dalam masalah jaminan fidusia adalah apabila debitur wanprestasi. Dalam hukum perjanjian apabila debitur tidak memenuhi isi perjanjian atau tidak melakukan hal-hal yang telah diperjanjikan, maka debitur tersebut telah wanprestasi dengan segala akibat hukumnya. Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia tidak mengenal istilah wanprestasi, melainkan menggunakan istilah Cidera Janji.
Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian Yuridis Normatif. Pada metode ini bahwa didasarkan pertimbangan spesialisasi penelitiannya termasuk deskriptif analisis yaitu memaparkan pembahasan-pembahasan kajian untuk mendapatkan kepastian hukum yang terkait dengan perjanjian hutang piutang antara perusahaan pembiayaan dengan nasabahnya, dihubungkan dengan peraturan perundangan dan praktek hukum perdata dan fidusia.
Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan kebijakan dengan memberikan perlindungan dan kepastian hukum bagi konsumen melalui Undang-Undang No.8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Beberapa hal yang penting dalam perlindungan konsumen tercantum dalam pasal-pasal dari undang-undang ini.
Saran bagi masyarakat pelaksanaan perjanjian fidusia sebaiknya di baca terlebih dahulu isi perjanjiannya seperti apa, konsumen harus pandai memilih perusahaan pembiayaan yg sesuai prosedur atau malah sebaliknya. Sekiranya dapat dipahami dengan sebenar-benarnya agar tidak terjadi kesalahan persepsi yang dapat merugikan masyarakat karena kesalahan dalam mengambil suatu keputusan.
Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Fidusia, UU Perlindungan Konsumen
Administrative Warnings
Authors: Marks Ansel R. , Izquierdo Maria L. , Williams Elyse 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Administrative Warning is a process utilized extensively in New York State, pursuant to PHL §230, for the resolution of cases where there is substandard medical practice of a minor or technical nature that does not rise to the level of misconduct under the law. These warnings have been effective in alerting and educating practitioners without being public or disciplinary in nature. The New York State Board for Professional Medical Conduct has recognized the value of administrative warnings and increasingly recommends them as a vehicle for informing physicians and physician assistants of practice problems. The recidivism rate appears to be low for those who have been given warnings.
Exploring The Attitudes Towards Patients Diagnosed With Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) -A Qualitative Study Of Nurses At The National Referral Hospital, Bhutan
Authors: Chozom Sangay , Neuhann Florian , Krahl Wolfgang 
Published: April 2021

Background: The kind of attitude expressed by the nurses may have significant effect on the recovery process of the patient and on their decision to avail treatment. It is anticipated that by exploring the attitudes of the nurses towards AUD patients and understanding the factors which influences these attitudes, more effective interventions can be developed to provide help and support to this group of patient and also to the nurses in being effective and appropriate in responding to the needs of this group of patient.Purpose: The study was conducted to explore the prevailing attitudes of nurses towards AUD patients, and to further explore the factors influencing these attitudes.Methods: A total of fifteen nurses from Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hosiptal were recruited based on convenience and purposive sampling techniques. Qualitative approach was employed by means of conducting face to face in-depth interviews using open ended questions. The qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis method.Results: The findings from the study suggest that possessing adequate knowledge on alcohol and addiction, being regularly engaged with AUD patients or having few years of experience working with AUD patients were some of the factors which resulted in more positive attitudes among the nurses. On the contrary, insufficient skills and knowledge related to alcohol addiction and exhibition of aggressive behaviour by the patients could cause negative feelings and ultimately lead to negative attitudes.Conclusion: Therefore, it is of paramount importance that a curriculum on alcohol addiction is introduced in diploma and degree nursing courses offered in Bhutan.
Preterm Infants’ Weight Gain and Nutrition: Retrospective Study in a Top Indonesian Referral Hospital
Authors: Irianti Dewi , Rustina Yeni , Efendi Defi 
Published: April 2021

Background: Impairment of nutritional fulfillment is one of the problems that is often encountered in premature infants. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of the type of nutrition on the weight increase of premature babies.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted through a medical record review in a top national referral hospital, Indonesia. Total of 75 preterm infants divided into groups of 15 infants by nutrition type (100% BM, 75% BM, 50% BM, 25% BM, and 0% BM). Weight gain was assessed for 12 days through the patients’ medical records. Weighing observation was devided into four times: birth weight in day-1, day-4, day-8, and day-12. Subjects were recruited using consecutive sampling with the following criteria: preterm infants with chronological age > 7 days and weight > 1000 grams. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria were preterm infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), preterm infants with medical diagnosis of hydrocephalus, sepsis, and congenital anomalies, conjoined twin babies. The general linear model-repeated measure was used to quantify the contrast of increases in infants’ body weight among groups for days 1-4; 4-8; and 8-12. Results: There were no significant differences between the five types of nutrients in terms of increase in the infants’ body weight in day 1-4 (p > 0,68); day 4-8 (p > 0,65); day 8-12 (p > 0,12). Conclusion: Although it not likely to accelerate the infant’s weight, mother’s own milk is still the first recommendation due to its immunity components, nutritional elements, and safety.
Numerical Simulation of Water Distribution with Uptake Root in Drip Irrigation using Different Soil Hydraulic Models
Authors: Faraj Israa Saad , Abid Maysoon Basheer 
Published: April 2021

Surface drip irrigation is one of the most conservative irrigation techniques that help control providing water directly on the soil through the emitters. It can supply fertilizer and providing water directly to plant roots by drippers. One of the essential needs for trickle irrigation nowadays is to obtain more knowledge about the moisture pattern under the trickling source for various types of soil with various discharge levels with trickle irrigation. Simulation numerical using HYDRUS-2D software, version 2.04 was used to estimate an equation for the wetted area from a single surface drip irrigation in unsaturated soil is taking into account water uptake by roots. In this paper, using two soil types were used, namely sandy loam and clay loam, with three types of plants; (corn, tomato, and sweet sorghum). The soil wetting pattern was analyzed each half an hour for three hours of irrigation time and three initial soil moisture content. Equations for wetted radius and wetted depth were predicted and evaluated by utilizing the statistical parameters for the different hydraulic soil models (Model Efficiency (EF) and Root Mean Squares Error (RMSE)). The values RMSE does not exceed 0.40 cm, and EF is greater than 0.96 for all types of soil. These values were between the values obtained from program HYDRUS-2D and the values obtained from formulas. This shows that evolved formula can be utilized to describe the soil wetting pattern from the surface drip irrigation system. The relative error for the different hydraulic soil models was calculated and compared with Brooks and Corey's model, 1964. There was good agreement compared with different models. RMSE was 0.23 cm, while the relative error -1% and 1 for EF for wetted radius.
اثر استراتيجية الاسود والابيض في تنمية التفكير الذهني لتدريس العلوم
Authors: عامر كريم هظل م.م. 
Published: April 2021

يهدف البحث الى التعرف على اثر استراتيجية الاسود والابيض في تنمية التفكير الذهني في تدريس العلوم وللتحقق من هدف البحث الحالي وضع الفرضية الصفرية وهي:
لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى(0.05%) بين متوسط فرق درجات الاختبار (القبلي والبعدي)لطلاب المجموعة التجريبية التي درست العلوم باستراتيجية الاسود والابيض ، ومتوسط فرق درجات الاختبار (القبلي والبعدي )لطلاب المجموعة الضابطة التي درست المادة نفسها بالطريقة الاعتيادية (التقليدية) في تنمية التفكير الذهني .

وللتحقق من ذلك فقد اختار الباحث تصميما تجريبيا ذو مجموعتين احداهما تجريبية والاخرى ضابطة ،وتم اطلاع الباحث على مجتمع البحث وهي المدارس المتوسطة في مدينة الكوت واختار الباحث عينة البحث وبشكل عشوائي مدرستي متوسطة الكوت للبنين ومتوسطة الامام الحسن للبنين ، حيث بلغ في كل مدرسة من المدارس المختارة (2) شعب وبمجموع (256) طالبا ، اختيرت وبالسحب العشوائي شعبة (أ) من متوسطة الكوت للبنين كمجموعة تجريبية وشعبة (أ)من متوسطة الامام الحسن للبنين كمجموعة ضابطة حيث بلغت عينة البحث في المجموعتين (64)طالبا.
كافئ الباحث بين طلاب مجموعتي البحث في متغيرات ( العمر الزمني ،التحصيل الدراسي السابق لنصف السنة لمادة علم الاحياء ، اختبار الذكاء لرافن ، اختبار التفكير الذهني ، في العلوم .
اعد الباحث من خلال تحليل محتوى العلوم (100) هدف سلوكيا غطت الموضوعات المحددة في الفصول الثلاثة الاخير للكتاب المقرر، كما اعد خططا تدريسية لتلك الموضوعات ، وقام الباحث بنفسه بتدريس المجموعتين ، واعد اداة البحث وهي اختبار التفكير الذهني حيث بلغ عدد فقراته بعد اجراء التغيرات السايكومترية عليه (75) فقرة واستغرقت مدة التجربة (10) اسابيع وقد عالج الباحث بيانات دراسته احصائيا باستعمال الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة .
وبعد تحليل النتائج احصائيا تبين ماياتي:
وجود فروق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين طلاب المجموعة التجريبية وطلاب المجموعة الضابطة في التفكير الذهني ،اذ تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية على طلاب المجموعة الضابطة .
وفي ضوء نتائج البحث اوصى الباحث بأهمية استعمال استراتيجية الاسود والابيض في تدريس العلوم لطلاب الصف الثاني متوسط ،كما اقترح الباحث اجراء دراسات مماثلة وعلى مراحل ومواد دراسية اخرى وفي متغيرات تابعة اخرى .
Children’s Literature in Iraq: The Literary Production after 2003 of Iraqi and Non-Iraqi writers
Authors: زينات عبد الكاظم مهدي أ. م. د. 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out the nature of Children Literature in Iraq after 2003 by written by Iraqi and non- Iraqi writers. The research applies Text-Analysis theory and intend to reveal the literary product especially short stories and novels for Iraqi children in the last two decades (following 2003). Listing the types and the tendencies adopted by Iraqi writers and non-Iraqi writers for children in the selected time is another objective. It also aims at searching the psychological dimension which is supposed to be involved in it. Added to that, deciding whether those writers are specialists in writing for children or it is regarded as a sub-sided profession for them. The Text-analysis theory helps realize the context within which cultural and sub-cultural norms are introduced. The findings reveal the fact that this era, after 2003, is impregnated with chromatic literary outcomes including children literature. But, the literary product of this literature is ranging between locality and universality within a limited scope due to certain social , political , and economical influences. The implications of this research indicates the necessity to focus on the field of children literature in modern literary production for its great impact on the psychology of Iraqi children especially after 2003.
هيغل: من اللاهوت الى فلسفة الدين
Authors: حيدر محيسن عبود الباحث 
Published: April 2021

يُعتبر هيغل من الفلاسفة الذين جاءت فلسفاتهم متأخرة؛ فحياة هيغل تنقسم إلى قسمين: مرحلة الشباب، ومرحلة النضوج. أما مرحلة الشباب فهي تبدأ من دراسة هيغل في معهد توبنجن اللاهوتي، وحتى انتقاله إلى مدينة (يينا) عام ١٨٠١م، لتبدأ بذلك مرحلة نضوج هيغل وشهرته في الأوساط الأكاديمية, حتى وفاته في عام 1831م.
تعتبر مرحلة الشباب مرحلة مهمة في حياة هيغل، رغم أنها تمتاز بطابع لاهوتي، إلا أنها كانت منطلقًا لمشكلته الدينية التي بقيت ترافقه حتى في مرحلة النضوج، فأغلب مؤلفات هيغل الشاب هي مؤلفات لاهوتية بإمتياز، إلا أنها في نهاية المطاف أصبحت مصدرٌ لفلسفته بصورة عامة، وفلسفة الدين – الذي يُعدّ المؤسس الفعلي لها – بصورة خاصة.
قصيدة القناع في شعر عبد العزيز عسير
Authors: رؤى عبدالامير رحمة عطية العبادي م.م. 
Published: April 2021

شكَّلَ البحث دراسة ظاهرة في شعر شاعر عراقيّ حديث ألا وهي (القناع)، و اختارَتِ الباحثتانِ دراسة هذه الظاهرة في شعر الشاعر عبد العزيز عسير لأنَّهُ استخدمَ القناع بكثرة في قصائدهِ؛ لأنَّ الحقبة التي عاشها تمثَّلَتْ بالضغط السلطويّ؛ لذا لجأ الشاعر إلى هذه الوسيلة (القناع) كي يُعبِّر عمّا يُريد بصورة غير مُباشِرَة، إذْ يتكلَّم عن ظروفهِ وظروف مجتمعهِ الذي ينتمي إليه بهامشٍ مِن الحريَّةِ دون خوفٍ مِن المُلاحقَة والمُراقَبَة.
فقد استخدمَ الشاعر القناع على لسان الإنسان تارة وعلى لسان الحيوان تارة أخرى، وقدْ أجادَ في الحديث مِن وراء قناعهِ حتى تمكَّنَ مِن إيصال صوتهِ وإظهار الظلم الذي كانَ يعاني منهُ هو و مجتمعه.
وقدْ تمكَّنَ الشاعر مِن الرَّبط بينَ الأزمنة والشَّخصيات داخل قناعهِ، إذْ نجده يربط بينَ ما حصلَ في الماضي وما يحصل في الوقت الحاضر، وكذلكَ ما عانتْهُ الشخصيات عبْرَ التأريخ وما يعانيه هو في زمانهِ.
فالشاعر قد اختارَ القناع الذي يتَّصل بصوتِهِ، وجعل صوتَهُ وصوت الشخصية التي تقنَّعَ بها صوتاً واحداً، إذ اختفى وراء تلك الشخصية مُعبِّراً مِن خلالهِا عمّا يختلج نفسه.
الدراسات المقارنة في جهود الباحثيين العراقيين
Authors: ورود ناجي العارضي م.د. 
Published: April 2021

الملخص
ان الادب المقارن يقيس قوة الحضارات لكنه لا يميل الى التعصب او ينافي الانسانية .
يبين الادب المقارن التلاقي التاريخي ، ويوضح طبيعة هذا التلاقي ، ويكشف الاصالة في التجديد الادبي والفكري .
البحث في مجال الدراسة الببليوغرافيا والتي تسهل على الباحثين الاخرين الاطلاع على الدراسات ومن ثم التعرف عليها وتسهل المهمة القادمة في اختيار العنوانات القادمة في مجال البحث المقارن .

يقسم البحث الى ثلاث اقسام :
القسم الاول : تعريف مصطلح الادب المقارن .
القسم الثاني : جهود الباحثين العراقين في الدراسات المقارنة والتي كتبت باللغة العربية .
القسم الثالث : جهود الباحثين العراقين في الدراسات المقارنة والتي كتبت باللغات الاجنبية .
كلمات مفاتحية : الادب المقارن - الدراسات المقارنة - جهود الباحثين العراقين.
A 13 year hospital based study on the Trend of Urinary Stone Disease in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Kakkar Monica , Kakkar Rakesh 
Published: April 2021

Background: The present retrospective study on urinary stone disease in the Uttarakhand state was necessitated as no study has been done yet.
Methods: A retrospective study covering a period of about 13 years (2005-18) was conducted on the urinary stones removed from the patients, admitted at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun. The incidence of the disease, site of stones in urinary tract upon diagnosis, composition of removed stones and occurrence of a possible co-relationship between the incidence of the urinary stone disease at different times, age, sex, religion of the patients was investigated.
Results: The frequency of occurrence of urinary stones in males was found to be almost three times more as compared to their female counterparts. The above trend was consistent over the entire period of the study. Interestingly, in the Muslim and Sikh population of the area, females were found to be less prone to the problem as compared to their Hindu counterparts. However, in all religious groups, 21-40 years old subjects were found to be most susceptible to the problem and approximately 90% of the urinary stones were recovered from the kidneys and primarily composed of calcium oxalate.
Conclusion: The co-relationship between the occurrence of urinary stones with age, sex of the patients, their religion & site of stones on diagnosis was found to be statistically significant.
Keywords: Urolithiasis, Urinary Stone disease, Urinary calculus, Renal stones.
Evaluating Frozen Strawberries as a Strategy for Thirst Management in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Authors: Hudiyawati Dian , Suswardany D. L. 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: Thirst sensation in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) patients is caused by diuretic administration and fluid consumption limitation. Unhandled thirst sensation leads to a disobedient patient in fluid consumption limitation that causes the patient condition to worsen. This research aimed to analyse the frozen strawberries administration's effects on the thirst sensation in a patient with CHF . MATERIAL AND METHOD: The method used was a quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The number of respondents was 34 patients divided into two groups: 17 respondents in the intervention group and 17 respondents in the control group. The sampling technique was stratified random sampling based on NYHA classification in the respondents. Frozen strawberries were given to the intervention group, while ice cubes were given to the control group. All the data were analyzed using a t-test.RESULT:The results showed that the mean score of the thirst intensity of the intervention and control group was 4.44 and 2.35, respectively. The independent t-test of the mean difference of thirst intensity pre and post-test between the intervention and control groups was p=0.001. According to the paired t-test analysis, the thirst intensity score between pre-test and post-test was p<0.001, from moderate to low thirst intensity. CONCLUSION:Frozen strawberries were statistically effective in reducing the thirst intensity in a patient with CHF.
Cytotoxicity of two self-adhesive flowable composites on bovine dental pulp-derived cells
Authors: KAHVECİOĞLU Firdevs , KÖLÜŞ Türkay , SAĞ GÜNGÖR Fatma , ÜLKER Hayriye Esra 
Published: April 2021

Aim: The use of self-adhesive composites in dental treatment relatively a new concept. The aim of this study was to in-vitro evaluation cytotoxicity of Vertise Flow and Nova Compo SF Flow self-adhesive flowable composites on bovine dental pulp-derived cells.
Material and method: Experimental test samples (2×5mm) of Vertise Flow and Nova Compo SF Flow were prepared. Bovine dental pulp-derived cells were incubated in MEM-Alpha (Gibco-Invitrogen). The material samples to be tested were stored in the culture medium for 24 hours and therefore obtained extracts were applied onto the cells. The cell viability was determined by MTT assay. One-way ANOVA and Tukey-HSD post hoc tests used for statistical analysis.
Results: The percentage of cell viability of Vertise Flow found as 81,55%, Nova Compo SF Flow found as 71,40%. There is statistically significant difference between the control group and the test groups in term of the percentages of cell viability (p