bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular discrimination and genetic diversity of three common tick-borne pathogens in dogs in Thailand
Authors: Poolsawat Napassorn , Tazawa Keiichiro , Junsiri Witchuta , Watthanadirek Amaya , Srionrod Nitipon , Chawengkirttikul Runglawan , Anuracpreeda Panat 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere was little information regarding the occurrence of canine vector-borne disease (CVBDs) in shelter dogs in Thailand. This work is the first report regarding a molecular method used to determine the occurrence and genetic diversity of three canine tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) (Hepatozoon canis,Anaplasma platysandEhrlichia canis) in blood samples from 275 shelter dogs in the north and central areas of Thailand. The PCR results based on the 18S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes showed that 71 (25.82%) dogs were positive for at least a TBP. The overall occurrence rates ofH. canis,A. platysandE. canisinfections were 1.81, 16.36 and 7.64%, respectively. For the phylogenetic analysis,A. platys16S rRNA gene was genetically diverse, whileH. canis18S rRNA andE. canis16S rRNA genes were conserved. The haplotype diversity exhibited 12 and 2 haplotypes as well as 78 and 178 polymorphic sites ofA. platysandE. canis16S rRNA genes, respectively. Our findings could be used to improve the understanding of phylogeny and genetic diversity of TBP rRNA genes and used to ameliorate the diagnosis and control programmes for the diseases in Thailand.
The nature of paid work in the retirement years
Authors: Platts Loretta G. , Ignatowicz Agnieszka , Westerlund Hugo , Rasoal Dara 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEver more people are in paid work following the age of state pension availability, and yet the experience of working in this phase of the late career has been little studied. We interviewed a purposive sample of 25 Swedish people in their mid- to late sixties and early seventies, many of whom were or had recently been working while claiming an old-age pension. The data were analysed with constant comparative analysis in which we described and refined categories through the writing of analytic memos and diagramming. We observed that paid work took place within a particular material, normative and emotional landscape: a stable and secure pension income decommodifying these workers from the labour market, a social norm of a retired lifestyle and a looming sense of contraction of the future. This landscape made paid work in these years distinctive: characterised by immediate intrinsic rewards and processes of containing and reaffirming commitments to jobs. The oldest workers were able to craft assertively the temporal flexibility of their jobs in order to protect the autonomy and freedom that retirement represented and retain favoured job characteristics. Employed on short-term (hourly) contracts or self-employed, participants continually reassessed their decision to work. Participation in paid work in the retirement years is a distinctive second stage in the late career which blends the second and third ages.
Soccer in the time of COVID-19: 1 year report from an Italian top league club, March 2020–February 2021
Authors: Spinicci Michele , Pengue Luca , Bartolozzi Dario , Quercioli Massimo , Epifani Francesco , Pollini Simona , Zammarchi Lorenzo , Maria Rossolini Gian , Bartoloni Alessandro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We report the events of an Italian top league soccer club that took place in 1 year (from March 2020 to February 2021) at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In early March 2020, just before sport competitions were called off due to the national lockdown in Italy, the team, which included 27 players and 26 staff at the time, faced a COVID-19 outbreak, with 16 confirmed and seven probable cases, including three staff members who had to be hospitalised. In May 2020, at the resumption of the training sessions, a high prevalence of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G positivity (35/53, 66%) was detected among the members of the group. In the following months, sport activities were organised behind closed doors with stringent risk mitigation procedures in place. As of February 2021, only two new cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were detected within the group, against more than 3500 nasopharyngeal swabs and 1000 serological tests.
The effect of ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia in infants and toddlers: a randomised trial
Authors: Feng Jumian , Wang Huaizhen , Peng Liangming , Song Xingrong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground:The usefulness of ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia may give great benefits to patients; however, its usefulness has not been completely evaluated in infants and toddlers, who are generally considered the most difficult group for ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia.Method:A total of 130 children were allocated randomly into to a ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia group (Group D) or a conventional anaesthesia group (Group C) (each n = 65). In Group D, dexmedetomidine was administrated at a dosage of 1 µg/kg/hour after induction. The patient- controlled intravenous analgesia was dexmedetomidine and sufentanil. In Group C, patients were infused with of the same volume of normal saline, and sufentanil alone for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia. The dosages of sufentanil, extubation time, haemodynamic parameters, postoperative hospitalisation conditions, pain and sedation scores, blood gas analysis, and inotropic scores were all recorded.Results:The dosage of sufentanil (1.49 ± 0.05 vs. 3.81 ± 0.04 µg, p < 0.001) and extubation time (2.63 ± 0.52 vs. 436.60 ± 22.19 minutes, p < 0.001) in Group D were all significantly lower than those in Group C. Moreover, cardiac intensive care unit stay time, total hospital stay, hospitalisation costs, postoperative lactate levels, and inotropic scores were also significantly lower in Group D.Conclusions:Using of ultra-fast track cardiac anaesthesia in infants and toddlers is effective, it not only reduce the perioperative requirement for opioids and shorten the extubation time but also decreases the inotrope requirement and provide a better postoperative condition for young children.
A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies of the link between anxiety, depression and perfectionism: implications for treatment
Authors: Egan Sarah J. , Wade Tracey D. , Fitzallen Grace , O’Brien Amy , Shafran Roz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground:Meta-analyses show an association between perfectionism and depression and anxiety (negative affect), and that therapy for perfectionism impacts positively on negative affect. No systematic reviews have focused on qualitative studies of perfectionism.Aims:Our aim was to perform a systematic, meta-synthesis of qualitative literature to (i) help inform our understanding of how perfectionism is associated with negative affect, so that we can (ii) inform future development of treatment for perfectionism in young people and to make it more effective.Method:Included in the meta-synthesis were 37 qualitative studies.Results:Six themes related to perfectionism were found: (1) the association with negative affect, (2) self-worth dependent on achievement, (3) cognitive and behavioural maintaining factors, (4) the expectations of others, (5) effective elements of interventions, and (6) barriers to treatment.Conclusions:The qualitative literature supports the notion of perfectionism as an important construct to consider in reducing negative affect. While cognitive behavioural therapy for perfectionism holds promise as a treatment to target negative affect, there was a paucity of qualitative research, particularly related to young people. A greater understanding of the views of young people are required to help tailor more effective interventions for perfectionism that can impact negative affect in this group.
Can Deep Learning Predict Complete Ruptures in Numerical Megathrust Faults?
Authors: Blank David , Morgan Julia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe propose a binary classification model rooted in state‐of‐the‐art deep learning techniques to predict whether or not complete‐interface rupture is imminent along a numerical megathrust fault. The models are trained on labeled 2D space‐time input features taken from the synthetic fault system. We contrast the performance of two neural networks trained on three types of data, to determine the relative predictive power of each. The neural networks are able to discriminate imminent complete rupture precursors from everything else, thus providing a relative size and time forecast. Vertical displacements along the fault demonstrate relatively good predictive power. The results confirm previous qualitative observations that precursory deformation scales with upcoming event size, consistent with the preslip model for earthquake nucleation. The methods we propose are adaptable and can be modified to use 3D data in the future.
Matrix Diffusion as a Mechanism Contributing to Fractal Stream Chemistry and Long‐Tailed Transit Time Distributions
Authors: Rajaram Harihar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSolute transit or travel time distributions (TTDs) in catchments are relevant to both hydrochemical response and inference of hydrologic mechanisms. Long‐tailed TTDs and fractal scaling behavior of stream concentration power spectra (∼1/frequency, or 1/frequency to a power <2) are widely observed in catchment studies. In several catchments, a significant fraction of streamflow is derived from groundwater in shallow fractured bedrock, where matrix diffusion significantly influences solute transport. I present frequency and time domain theoretical analyses of solute transport to quantify the influence of matrix diffusion on fractal scaling and long‐tailed TTDs. The theoretical concentration power spectra exhibit fractal scaling, and the corresponding TTDs resemble a gamma distribution. The tails of the TTDs are influenced by accessible matrix width, exhibiting a sustained power‐law (rather than exponential) decline for large matrix widths. Application to an experimental catchment shows that theoretical spectra match previously reported power spectral estimates derived from concentration measurements.
On Assessing ERA5 and MERRA2 Representations of Cold‐Air Outbreaks Across the Gulf Stream
Authors: Seethala C. , Zuidema Paquita , Edson James , Brunke Michael , Chen Gao , Li Xiang‐Yu , Painemal David , Robinson Claire , Shingler Taylor , Shook Michael , Sorooshian Armin , Thornhill Lee , Tornow Florian , Wang Hailong , Zeng Xubin , Ziemba Luke 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe warm Gulf Stream sea surface temperatures strongly impact the evolution of winter clouds behind atmospheric cold fronts. Such cloud evolution remains challenging to model. The Gulf Stream is too wide within the ERA5 and MERRA2 reanalyses, affecting the turbulent surface fluxes. Known problems within the ERA5 boundary layer (too‐dry and too‐cool with too strong westerlies), ascertained primarily from ACTIVATE 2020 campaign aircraft dropsondes and secondarily from older buoy measurements, reinforce surface flux biases. In contrast, MERRA2 winter surface winds and air‐sea temperature/humidity differences are slightly too weak, producing surface fluxes that are too low. Reanalyses boundary layer heights in the strongly forced winter cold‐air‐outbreak regime are realistic, whereas late‐summer quiescent stable boundary layers are too shallow. Nevertheless, the reanalysis biases are small, and reanalyses adequately support their use for initializing higher‐resolution cloud process modeling studies of cold‐air outbreaks.
Classifying the Magnetosheath Behind the Quasi‐Parallel and Quasi‐Perpendicular Bow Shock by Local Measurements
Authors: Karlsson T. , Raptis S. , Trollvik H. , Nilsson H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate and evaluate the possibility of using local magnetosheath measurements to classify the plasma according to upstream conditions. In order to do this, we use simultaneous measurements from the Cluster spacecraft from time intervals when one of them is located in the solar wind, and the other in the magnetosheath. In particular, we study the classification of the magnetosheath plasma into the classes quasi‐parallel versus quasi‐perpendicular and foreshock/no foreshock (referring to the geometry of the upstream bow shock). We evaluate this method based on the magnetosheath measurements of the high‐energy ion energy flux, magnetic field standard deviation, and ion temperature anisotropy. We find that the method is promising and useful, in that it eliminates the uncertainties associated with propagating upstream measurements made far from the bow shock. Finally, we discuss some possible extensions of the methodology to be investigated in the future.
TAZ as a novel regulator of oxidative damage in decidualization via Nrf2/ARE/Foxo1 pathway
Authors: Yu Hai-Fan , Zheng Lian-Wen , Yang Zhan-Qing , Wang Yu-Si , Wang Ting-Ting , Yue Zhan-Peng , Guo Bin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTAZ, as a crucial effector of Hippo pathway, is required for spermatogenesis and fertilization, but little is known regarding its physiological function in uterine decidualization. In this study, we showed that TAZ was localized in the decidua, where it promoted stromal cell proliferation followed by accelerated G1/S phase transition via Ccnd3 and Cdk4 and induced the expression or activity of stromal differentiation markers Prl8a2, Prl3c1 and ALP, indicating the importance of TAZ in decidualization. Knockdown of TAZ impeded HB-EGF induction of stromal cell proliferation and differentiation. Under oxidative stress, TAZ protected stromal differentiation against oxidative damage by reducing intracellular ROS and enhancing cellular antioxidant capacity dependent on the Nrf2/ARE/Foxo1 pathway. TAZ strengthened the transcriptional activity of Nrf2 which directly bound to the antioxidant response element (ARE) of Foxo1 promoter region. Additionally, silencing TAZ caused accumulation of intracellular ROS through heightening NOX activity whose blockade by APO reversed the disruption in stromal differentiation. Further analysis revealed that TAZ might restore mitochondrial function, as indicated by the increase in ATP level, mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial membrane potential with the reduction in mitochondrial superoxide. Additionally, TAZ modulated the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and III whose suppression by ROT and AA resulted in the inability of TAZ to defend against oxidative damage to stromal differentiation. Moreover, TAZ prevented stromal cell apoptosis by upregulating Bcl2 expression and inhibiting Casp3 activity and Bax expression. In summary, TAZ might mediate HB-EGF function in uterine decidualization through Ccnd3 and ameliorate oxidative damage to stromal cell differentiation via Nrf2/ARE/Foxo1 pathway.
Deep learning detects acute myeloid leukemia and predicts NPM1 mutation status from bone marrow smears
Authors: Eckardt Jan-Niklas , Middeke Jan Moritz , Riechert Sebastian , Schmittmann Tim , Sulaiman Anas Shekh , Kramer Michael , Sockel Katja , Kroschinsky Frank , Schuler Ulrich , Schetelig Johannes , Röllig Christoph , Thiede Christian , Wendt Karsten , Bornhäuser Martin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe evaluation of bone marrow morphology by experienced hematopathologists is essential in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, it suffers from a lack of standardization and inter-observer variability. Deep learning (DL) can process medical image data and provides data-driven class predictions. Here, we apply a multi-step DL approach to automatically segment cells from bone marrow images, distinguish between AML samples and healthy controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.9699, and predict the mutation status of Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)—one of the most common mutations in AML—with an AUROC of 0.92 using only image data from bone marrow smears. Utilizing occlusion sensitivity maps, we observed so far unreported morphologic cell features such as a pattern of condensed chromatin and perinuclear lightening zones in myeloblasts of NPM1-mutated AML and prominent nucleoli in wild-type NPM1 AML enabling the DL model to provide accurate class predictions.
Doxycycline exposure during adolescence and future risk of non-affective psychosis and bipolar disorder: a total population cohort study
Authors: Upmark Fredrik , Sjöqvist Hugo , Hayes Joseph F. , Dalman Christina , Karlsson Håkan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDoxycycline has been hypothesized to prevent development of severe mental illness (SMI) through the suppression of microglia, especially if administered during the intense synaptic pruning period of adolescence. However, results from register studies on potential benefits differ considerably. The aim of the present study was to determine whether doxycycline exposure during adolescence is associated with reduced SMI risk, and to investigate if a direct and specific causality is plausible. This is a Swedish national population register-based cohort study of all individuals born from 1993 to 1997, followed from the age of 13 until end of study at the end of 2016. The primary exposure was cumulative doxycycline prescription ≥3000 mg and outcomes were first diagnosis of non-affective psychosis (F20–F29) and first diagnosis of bipolar disorder (F30–F31). Causal effects were explored through Cox regressions with relevant covariates and secondary analyses of multilevel exposure and comparison to other antibiotics. We found no association between doxycycline exposure and risk of subsequent non-affective psychosis (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.15, 95% CI 0.73–1.81, p = 0.541) and an increased risk of subsequent bipolar disorder (adjusted HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.49–2.55, p < 0.001). We do not believe the association between doxycycline and bipolar disorder is causal as similar associations were observed for other common antibiotics.
Characterising the shared genetic determinants of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and risk-taking
Authors: Hindley Guy , Bahrami Shahram , Steen Nils Eiel , O’Connell Kevin S. , Frei Oleksandr , Shadrin Alexey , Bettella Francesco , Rødevand Linn , Fan Chun C. , Dale Anders M. , Djurovic Srdjan , Smeland Olav B. , Andreassen Ole A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIncreased risk-taking is a central component of bipolar disorder (BIP) and is implicated in schizophrenia (SCZ). Risky behaviours, including smoking and alcohol use, are overrepresented in both disorders and associated with poor health outcomes. Positive genetic correlations are reported but an improved understanding of the shared genetic architecture between risk phenotypes and psychiatric disorders may provide insights into underlying neurobiological mechanisms. We aimed to characterise the genetic overlap between risk phenotypes and SCZ, and BIP by estimating the total number of shared variants using the bivariate causal mixture model and identifying shared genomic loci using the conjunctional false discovery rate method. Summary statistics from genome wide association studies of SCZ, BIP, risk-taking and risky behaviours were acquired (n = 82,315–466,751). Genomic loci were functionally annotated using FUMA. Of 8.6–8.7 K variants predicted to influence BIP, 6.6 K and 7.4 K were predicted to influence risk-taking and risky behaviours, respectively. Similarly, of 10.2–10.3 K variants influencing SCZ, 9.6 and 8.8 K were predicted to influence risk-taking and risky behaviours, respectively. We identified 192 loci jointly associated with SCZ and risk phenotypes and 206 associated with BIP and risk phenotypes, of which 68 were common to both risk-taking and risky behaviours and 124 were novel to SCZ or BIP. Functional annotation implicated differential expression in multiple cortical and sub-cortical regions. In conclusion, we report extensive polygenic overlap between risk phenotypes and BIP and SCZ, identify specific loci contributing to this shared risk and highlight biologically plausible mechanisms that may underlie risk-taking in severe psychiatric disorders.
LncRNA NEAT1 controls the lineage fates of BMSCs during skeletal aging by impairing mitochondrial function and pluripotency maintenance
Authors: Zhang Hengguo , Xu Rongyao , Li Bang , Xin Zhili , Ling Ziji , Zhu Weiwen , Li Xiang , Zhang Ping , Fu Yu , Chen Jiyu , Liu Laikui , Cheng Jie , Jiang Hongbing 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit aberrant self-renewal and lineage specification, which contribute to imbalanced bone-fat and progressive bone loss. In addition to known master regulators of lineage commitment, it is crucial to identify pivotal switches governing the specific differentiation fate of aged BMSCs. Here, we profiled differences in epigenetic regulation between adipogenesis and osteogenesis and identified super-enhancer associated lncRNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) as a key bone-fat switch in aged BMSCs. We validated that NEAT1 with high enhancer activity was transcriptionally activated by ATF2 and directed aged BMSCs to a greater propensity to differentiate toward adipocytes than osteoblasts by mediating mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we confirmed NEAT1 as a protein-binding scaffold in which phosphorylation modification of SOX2 Ser249/250 by CDK2 impaired SOX2/OCT4 complex stability and dysregulated downstream transcription networks of pluripotency maintenance. In addition, by sponging miR-27b-3p, NEAT1 upregulated BNIP3L, BMP2K, and PPARG expression to shape mitochondrial function and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation commitment, respectively. In extracellular communication, NEAT1 promoted CSF1 secretion from aged BMSCs and then strengthened osteoclastic differentiation by extracellular vesicle delivery. Notably, Neat1 small interfering RNA delivery induced increased bone mass in aged mice and decreased fat accumulation in the bone marrow. These findings suggest that NEAT1 regulates the lineage fates of BMSCs by orchestrating mitochondrial function and pluripotency maintenance, and might be a potential therapeutic target for skeletal aging.
METTL3 promotes the initiation and metastasis of ovarian cancer by inhibiting CCNG2 expression via promoting the maturation of pri-microRNA-1246
Authors: Bi Xuehan , Lv Xiao , Liu Dajiang , Guo Hongtao , Yao Guang , Wang Lijuan , Liang Xiaolei , Yang Yongxiu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOvarian cancer is a common gynecological malignant tumor with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. There is inadequate knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian cancer. We examined the expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in tumor specimens using RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis, and tested the methylation of METTL3 by MSP. Levels of METTL3, miR-1246, pri-miR-1246 and CCNG2 were then analyzed and their effects on cell biological processes were also investigated, using in vivo assay to validate the in vitro findings. METTL3 showed hypomethylation and high expression in ovarian cancer tissues and cells. Hypomethylation of METTL3 was pronounced in ovarian cancer samples, which was negatively associated with patient survival. Decreased METTL3 inhibited the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells and promoted apoptosis, while METTL3 overexpression exerted opposite effects. Mechanistically, METTL3 aggravated ovarian cancer by targeting miR-1246, while miR-1246 targeted and inhibited CCNG2 expression. High expression of METTL3 downregulated CCNG2, promoted the metabolism and growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice, and inhibited apoptosis. The current study highlights the promoting role of METTL3 in the development of ovarian cancer, and presents new targets for its treatment.