bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Anesthesia Beginning at On-hours Versus Off-hours on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Hip Surgery: A Retrospective, Propensity Score–matched Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Jiayi , Zhang Shuang , Wu Xi , Mei Wei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the impact of the begin time of anesthesia on in-hospital mortality and early prognosis of patients undergoing hip surgery.Methods: All patients who had hip surgery between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, were evaluated in this retrospective cohort study. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were: (1) postoperative hospital length of stay (postoperative LOS) and total LOS; (2) ICU admission; (3) the ratio of postoperative complications, including renal dysfunction, anemia, hypotension, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), arrhythmia, coronary artery disease (CAD) or heart failure, pulmonary infection, electrolyte disturbance, hyoxemia and delirium; (4) intraoperative outcomes, including blood loss, urine volume, concentrated red blood cells (CRBC), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), equilibrium liquid, colloidal solution, intraoperative sufentanil, and using vasoactive drugs. A propensity score–matched analysis was used to adjust for confounders to make baseline characteristics more similar within the cohort. Results: We identified 1,843 patients, of whom 1,727 had anesthesia begun at on-hours and 116 had anesthesia begun at off-hours. Before propensity score matching (PSM), in-hospital mortality (risk ratio, 19.85; 95% CI, 4.39-89.78; P <0.001), postoperative LOS (11 days [8-16] vs. 9 days [7-14]; P =0.001) and total LOS (16 days [12-25.3] vs. 14 days [12-19]; P =0.020), the proportion of ICU admission (risk ratio, 4.70; 95% CI, 1.84-12.01; P <0.001), hypotension (risk ratio, 5.96; 95% CI, 1.84-19.29; P =0.004), pulmonary infection (risk ratio, 4.74; 95% CI, 1.98-11.33; P <0.001) and hyoxemia (risk ratio, 5.32; 95% CI, 1.88-15.03; P <0.001) was higher in the off-hours group. Intraoperative CRBC (0 U [0-2] vs. 0 U [0-0]; P <0.001), FFP (0 mL [0-37.5] vs. 0 mL [0-0]; P <0.001) and the intraoperative dosage of sufentanil (24.5 vs. 19.3 μg; P =0.003) was higher in the off-hours group. After PSM, 110 patients in the on-hours group were matched to similar patients in the off-hours group. Intraoperative CRBC (0 U [0-2] vs. 0 U [0-0]; P =0.040) and FFP (0 mL [0-0] vs. 0 mL [0-0]; P =0.015) was higher in the off-hours group. And postoperative renal dysfunction (risk ratio, 1.67; 95% CI, 0.86-3.21; P =0.050) and hyoxemia (4.5% vs. 0%; P =0.060) had a tendency to be different.Conclusion: Off-hours anesthesia for hip surgery is associated with statistically significant increases in intraoperative CRBC, FFP, and possibly associated with higher ratio of postoperative renal dysfunction and hyoxemia. These findings suggest that off-hours anesthesia, possibly by affecting the anesthetist’s judgment and decision making, could cause potential risks for hip surgery patients, which requires further exploration.
An Ifnar1 allele impairs the colonization of gut bacteria
and promotes tuberculosis
Authors: Chen Lingming , Zhang Guoliang , Li Guobao , Wang Wei , Ge Zhen-Huang , Yang Yi , He Xing , Liu Zhi , Zhang Zhiyi , Mai Qiongdan , Chen Yiwei , Chen Zixu , Pi Jiang , Yang Shuai , Cui Jun , Liu Haipeng , Shen Ling , Zeng Lingchan , Zhou Lin , Chen Xinchun , Ge Baoxue , Chen Zheng W. , Zeng Gucheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Both host genetics and gut microbiome have important effects on human health, yet how host genetics regulates gut bacteria and further determines disease susceptibility remains unclear. Here, we find that gut microbiome pattern of active tuberculosis (TB) patients is characterized by a reduction of core species found across healthy controls, particularly Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila). Oral treatments of A. muciniphila or palmitoleic acid, an A. muciniphila-derived metabolite, strongly inhibit TB infection through epigenetically inhibiting TNF-α. We use three independent cohorts comprising 6512 individuals and identify that single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2257167 “G” allele of type I interferon (IFN-I) receptor 1 (Ifnar1) contributes to stronger IFN-I signaling, impaired colonization and abundance of A. muciniphila, reduced production of palmitoleic acid, higher TNF-α, and much severer TB disease in humans and transgenic mice. Thus, host genetics are critical in modulating structure and functions of gut microbiome and gut microbial metabolites, which further determines disease susceptibility.
Selected Physico-Chemical Properties of Composite Scaffolds of Sintered Submicrocrystalline Corundum and Bioglass
Authors: Staniewicz-Brudnik Barbara , Karolus Malgorzata , Cholewa-Kowalska Katarzyna , Skrabalak Grzegorz , Laszkiewicz-Łukasik Jolanta , Drukała Justyna , Stalińska Joanna , Dziedzic Katarzyna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Presented paper contains description and interpretation of the results of selected physicochemical and structural properties of two types of composite sinters. They were constituted of a mixture of sintered microcrystalline corundum and bioglass CaO-P2O5-SiO2-Na2O system intended for scaffolds to cell culture of human chondrocytes. The composites contained a mixture of both above-mentioned components in the volumetric proportion of 50:50 (W5) and 30:70 (W7). They were obtained using powder metallurgy by free sintering in air atmosphere. Phase analysis of composites and verification of theoretical identification using X-ray diffraction were performed. The same phases were found in both cases (Al2O3 SiO2 CaAl2Si2O8, Ca3 (PO4)2, Ca2Al4O7 and NaAlSiO4. Microscopic tests of composite surfaces were performed and some differences were found. W5 sample was not completely covered with bioglass, whilst W7 sample was completely covered with bioglass with few fine pores. Tests of surface topography confirmed the presence of large and small pores. Composite surfaces immersed for 30 days in artificial blood plasma were tested and then electron microscopy analysis was performed. It was found that no significant changes occurred on the surface of the W5 composite, probably partial corrosion of the glass happened. Spherical forms characteristic of HA-hydroxyapatites were observed on the surface of sample W7. Human chondrocyte cells were seeded on both types of sinters and proliferation assay was performed on them with positive results.
Recollision of excited electron in below-threshold nonsequential double ionization
Authors: Hao Xiaolei , Bai Yuxing , Li Chan , Zhang Jingyu , Li Weidong , Yang Weifeng , Liu Mingqing , Chen Jing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Consensus has been reached that recollision, as the most important post-tunneling process, is responsible for nonsequential double ionization process in intense infrared laser field, however, its effect has been restricted to interaction between the first ionized electron and the residual ion so far. Here we identify the key role of recollision of the second ionized electron, which is enhanced by the stronger Coulomb potential of the higher valence residual ion, in the below-threshold nonsequential double ionization process by introducing a Coulomb-corrected quantum-trajectories method, which enables us to well reproduce the experimentally observed cross-shaped and anti-correlated patterns in correlated two-electron momentum distributions, and also the transition between these two patterns. Being significantly enhanced relatively by the recapture process which is also attributed to the stronger Coulomb potential of the residual ion, recolliding trajectories of the second electron excited by the first- or third-return recolliding trajectories of the first electron produce the cross-shaped or anti-correlated distributions, respectively. And the transition is induced by the increasing contribution of the third return with increasing pulse duration. Our work provides a new insight into atomic ionization dynamics and paves the new way to imaging of ultrafast dynamics of atoms and molecules in intense laser field.
Quantitative Glycoproteomics Analysis Identifies Novel FUT8 Targets and Signaling Networks Critical for Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness
Authors: Tu Cheng-Fen , Li Fu-An , Li Ling-Hui , Yang Ruey-Bing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWe recently showed that fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8)-mediated core fucosylation of transforming growth factor-β receptor enhances its signaling and promotes breast cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the complete FUT8 target glycoproteins and their downstream signaling networks critical for breast cancer progression remain largely unknown.MethodWe performed quantitative glycoproteomics with two highly invasive breast cancer cell lines to unravel a comprehensive list of core-fucosylated glycoproteins by comparison to parental wild-type and FUT8-knockout counterpart cells. In addition, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was performed to highlight the most enriched biological functions and signaling pathways mediated by FUT8 targets. Novel FUT8 target glycoproteins with biological interest were functionally studied and validated by using LCA (Lens culinaris agglutinin) blotting and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) analysis.ResultsLoss-of-function studies demonstrated that FUT8 knockout suppressed the invasiveness of highly aggressive breast carcinoma cells. Quantitative glycoproteomics identified 140 common target glycoproteins. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of these target proteins gave a global and novel perspective on signaling networks essential for breast cancer cell migration and invasion. In addition, we showed that core fucosylation of integrin αvβ5 or IL6ST is crucial for breast cancer cell adhesion to vitronectin or enhanced cellular signaling to interleukin 6 and oncostatin M, two cytokines implicated in the breast cancer epithelial–mesenchymal transition and metastasis.ConclusionsOur report reveals a comprehensive list of core-fucosylated target proteins and provides novel insights into signaling networks crucial for breast cancer progression. These findings will assist in deciphering the complex molecular mechanisms and developing diagnostic or therapeutic approaches targeting these signaling pathways in breast cancer metastasis.
Melatonin Inhibits the Ferroptotic Pathway in Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Signaling Axis to Attenuate Steroid-induced Osteoporosis
Authors: li meng , yang ning , hao li , zhou wei , li lei , liu lei , fang fang , xu lei , yao gang , zhu chen , xu wei , fang shiyuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesSteroid-induced osteoporosis (SIOP) is a secondary osteoporosis, which is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, bone microstructure damage, increased bone fragility, and easy fracture. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. Glucocorticoid-induced death of osteoblasts and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is an important factor in SIOP. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death that differs from apoptosis, cell necrosis, and autophagy, which can be induced by many factors. Herein, we aimed to explore whether glucocorticoids (GCs) cause ferroptosis in BMSCs and determine possible treatment pathways and mechanisms of action. Melatonin (MT), a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, displays strong antioxidant abilities to scavenge free radicals and alleviates ferroptosis in many tissues and organs. MethodsIn this study, we used high-dose dexamethasone (DEX) to observe whether glucocorticoids induced ferroptosis in BMSCs. We then assessed whether MT can inhibit the ferroptotic pathway, thereby providing early protection against GC-induced SIOP, and investigated the signaling pathways involved.ResultsIn vitro experiments showed that MT intervention significantly improved GC-induced ferroptosis in BMSCs and significantly improved SIOP in vivo. Pathway analysis showed that MT improves ferroptosis by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis. MT upregulates expression of PI3K, which is an important regulator of ferroptosis resistance. PI3K activators mimic the anti-ferroptosis effect of MT, but after blocking the PI3K pathway, the effect of MT is weakened. Obviously, MT can protect against SIOP induced by GC. Notably, even after GC-induced ferroptosis begins, MT can confer protection against SIOP. Conclusion﻿Our research confirms that GC-induced ferroptosis is closely related to SIOP. Melatonin can inhibit ferroptosis by activating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, thereby reducing the occurrence of steroid-induced osteoporosis. Therefore, MT may provide a novel strategy for preventing and treating SIOP.
Stay Out of the Blast Radius: Influence of Surgical Masks on Virtual Pedestrian Interactions
Authors: Bühler Marco A. , Lynch Sean D. , Bhojwani Trineta , Zidan Ahlam , Fiset Félix , McFadyen Bradford J. , Lamontagne Anouk 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To combat the global pandemic caused by COVID-19, a series of mitigation strategies have been proposed by governments around the world. While responses varied across different governing bodies, recommendations such as social distancing and the use of facial masks were nearly universal. Considering that even with restrictions in place, walking in community environments remained an important component of everyday life, these public health recommendations, as well as the anxiety generated by the pandemic, are likely to have influenced pedestrian interactions. In this study, we have examined the effect of facial masks and anxiety related to community ambulation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using virtual reality, obstacle circumvention strategies in response to approaching pedestrians with and without facial masks were measured in a sample of 11 healthy young individuals. Additionally, a questionnaire was developed and used to gain insights into the participant's behaviours during and after a strict period of restrictions that were in effect before the summer of 2020. Results showed that participants maintained a larger obstacle clearance when virtual pedestrians wore a facial mask. The extent of obstacle clearance was also positively associated with anxiety towards community ambulation in the context of the pandemic. Our findings provide evidence that mask-wearing results in an increase in physical distancing during pedestrian interactions, which may help to reduce the risk of infection. Furthermore, results demonstrate the effects of social context and psychological status on pedestrian interactions and highlight the potential of virtual reality simulations to study locomotion in natural community settings.
Bevacizumab in Combination with Paclitaxel and Platinum for Previously Treated Advanced Thymic Epithelial Tumor
Authors: Wang Chang-Lu , Gao Lan-Ting , Lyu Chang-Xing , Zhang Qin , Zeng Wan-Qin , Fang Wen-Tao , Zhu Lei , Fu Xiao-Long 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThere are no optimal regimens for advanced thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) when front-line chemotherapy fails. In this study, we aimed to assess the activity of Bevacizumab in combination with routine chemotherapeutic regimen.MethodsPatients with advanced TETs who had failed after previous chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. Paclitaxel (160mg/m2) or cisplatin (70mg/m2) and carboplatin (area under the curve, 6) plus Bevacizumab (7.5mg/kg) were intravenously injected on day 1.The treatment was repeated every 3 weeks until the disease progressed or intolerable toxicities occurred.ResultsBetween March 2018 and August 2020, a total of 49 patients (21 thymoma and 28 thymic carcinoma) received the new treatment. There were 28 men and 21 women with a median age of 50 years (range: 21-73 years).The median number of cycles was 3 (range: 1-6) per patient. The objective response rate (ORR) for all patients was 43% (21/49). The ORRs for thymoma and thymic carcinoma were 24% and 57%, respectively. The median progression free survival for thymoma and thymic carcinoma were 6 and 8 months, respectively. Hematological toxicities were the main side effects.ConclusionsPaclitaxel and platinum plus Bevacizumab showed promising effect in refractory or relapsed advanced TETs without severe toxicity. Even applied as salvage therapy, this regimen resulted in better ORR than the front-line chemotherapy.
Improvement of Surface Quality and Machining Depth of µ-ECDM Performances Using Mixed Electrolyte at Different Polarity
Authors: MALLICK BIJAN , SARKAR B R , DOLOI B , BHATTACHARYYA B 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The production of miniature parts and various shape of micro-profile by electrochemical discharge micro-machining process (µ-ECDM) draw challenging attention to the researchers. Parametric influences as well as comparative analysis on machining depth (MD) and surface roughness (Ra) has been propounded using NaOH and KOH at the ratio of 1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:1 with their varying concentration(wt.%), and applied voltage (V), pulse frequency(Hz) and duty ratio (%)in straight as well as in reverse polarity using template guided stainless steel (SS) cylindrical tool with motion and spring feed mechanism for fabrication of different shapes of micro-channel like Zig-Zag, ‘Y’ shaped on glass by µ-ECDM process. Tool electrode wear rate (TEWR) has been reduced using mixed electrolyte and reversed polarity. The SEM analysis has been performed to identify the micro-crack and uncut debris into micro-channel. Machining depth has been increased up to 1850 µm with better surface quality using mixed electrolyte of NaOH:KOH::3:1 at direct polarity of 50 V and lower TEWR is found using NaOH:KOH::1:3 as electrolyte at reverse polarity.
Association of Dyslipidemia With Nucleoside Analogue Treatment in HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Xia Ziqiang , Zheng Juzeng , Zheng Liang , Zheng Endian , Zou Zhuolin , Sheng Xiong , Wu Jinming 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe prevalence of dyslipidemia in China is increasing annually. Current studies suggest that dyslipidemia affects the antiviral efficacy of hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapies. Recent studies have shown that serum lipids influence the response rates of chronic hepatitis B patients receiving PEGylated interferon-alpha (Peg IFN-a) treatment. However, the role of dyslipidemia in the efficacy of nucleoside (acid) analogues in chronic hepatitis B patients has not been determined. Methods From January 2010 to December 2013, data from 179 treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who were hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and visited the first affiliated hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were collected. Amongst them, 68 patients were diagnosed with CHB complicated with dyslipidemia (dyslipidemia group) whilst 111 patients comprised the lipid control group. Three treatment strategies were performed amongst the 179 CHB patients over a 5 year period. Treatments included combination therapy of lamivudine (LAM) plus adefovir dipivoxil (ADV), telbivudine (LdT) monotherapy or entecavir (ETV) monotherapy. Serum assessments, blood biochemistry, HBV serological markers, HBV DNA before treatment and HBeAg serological conversion and virological responses at different time points after treatment were compared between the two groups. Measurement data were compared using τ tests, whilst enumeration data were compared using c2 tests. Correlation analysis was performed using binary Logistic regression analysis. Results The rates of HBeAg seroconversion in the dyslipidemia group at years 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 10.3%, 13.2%, 17.6% and 22.1%, respectively, which were not significantly lower than those of the lipid control group 11.7%, 16.2%, 18.0% and 33.3%, (c2 = 0.085, 0.293, 0.004 and 2.601, respectively; R > 0.05). However, the rates of HBeAg seroconversion in the dyslipidemia group were significantly lower than those of the lipid control group at year 5 (27.9% vs 43.2%, c2 =4.216, R<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed significant differences in sex PTA, ALT, AST, CR and LDL-C. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that dyslipidemia (OR=1.993, R=0.038), and male gender (OR=2.317, R=0.029) were risk factors associated with HBeAg seroconversion.Conclusions During antiviral therapy, dyslipidemia affects HBeAg seroconversion in CHB patients treated with nucleoside (acid) analogues but does not affect the virological response.
Augmented EPR Effect Post IRFA to Enhance the Therapeutic Efficacy of Arsenic Loaded ZIF-8 Nanoparticles on Residual HCC Progression
Authors: Chen Xuehua , Wang Hao , Chen Hui , Chen Ziman , Chen Jiaxin , Huang Yongquan , Li Dan , Su Zhongzhen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundInsufficient radiofrequency ablation (IRFA) can promote the local recurrence and distal metastasis of residual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which makes clinical treatment extremely challenging. In this study, the malignant transition of residual tumors after IRFA was explored. Then, arsenic-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticles (As@ZIF-8 NPs) were constructed, and their therapeutic effect on residual tumors was studied. ResultsOur data showed that IRFA can dramatically promote the proliferation, induce the metastasis, activate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and accelerate the angiogenesis of residual tumors. Interestingly, we found, for the first time, that extensive angiogenesis after IRFA can augment the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and enhance the enrichment of ZIF-8 nanocarriers in residual tumors. Encouraged by this unique finding, we successfully prepared As@ZIF-8 NPs with good biocompatibility and confirmed that they were more effective than free arsenic trioxide (ATO) in sublethal heat-induced cell proliferation suppression, apoptosis induction, cell migration and invasion inhibition, and EMT reversal in vitro. Furthermore, compared with free ATO, As@ZIF-8 NPs exhibited remarkably increased therapeutic effects by repressing residual tumor growth and metastasis in vivo.Conclusions﻿This work provides a new paradigm for the treatment of residual HCC after IRFA.