bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals Molecular Characterization of Early-Onset and Peritoneal Metastasis in Gastric Cancers
Authors: Zhou Zhi-wei , Qiu Hai-bo , Wang Xu-jun , Wang Wei , Wu Ting , Chen Ying-bo , Sun Xiao-wei , Nie Run-cong , Li Yuan-Fang , Yuan Shu-qiang , Wang Jiping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Increasing numbers of Gastric cancer(GC) patients were diagnosed at younger age with aggressive behavior including early disease recurrence, more frequent peritoneal metastasis and poor overall survival. To investigate the driver genes and mechanisms of the early-onset and more aggressive nature of the GC.Methods: Gastric adenocarcinoma and matched germline samples were obtained from patients in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between 2007 and 2013. Exome sequencing were performed for 198 pairs of primary gastric adenocarcinoma fresh tissue and blood samples from young or elder patients. Besides, matched tumor / blood exome sequencing was performed in 80 patients with peritoneal seeding and 51 patients without. Then bioinformatics analysis was performed to find genomic variants and their clinical meanings.Results: Early-onset gastric cancers (EOGCs) have fewer somatic mutations but some deleterious germline variates in FAT genes, patients carried none, one, two, three of the 4 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the mean ages of diagnosis are 60, 50, 40 and 35 respectively. Somatic mutations in CDH1, TGFBR1 and CTNNB1 are related to early-onset cancers. These variants are all linked to WNT pathways. Somatic mutations in genes involved in cancer aggressiveness like MAP2K7, CDH1 and RhoA are related to cancer progression and metastasis. Patients carrying RhoA, ITGAV, TGFBR1, CDH1, CTNNB1, MYO9B, VAV1, SALL1, CDX4 somatic mutations or simultaneously carrying three FAT germline SNPs have been diagnosed at younger age than those have only TP53 mutations.Conclusions: The molecular characterization gives us a novel insight into the carcinogenesis and tumor progression mechanisms and may provide a guide to developing novel targeted therapy in GC.
Optimization of Ligature/Bone Defect-Induced Periodontitis Model in Rats
Authors: Gao Jingyi , Cai Simin , Li Dan , Wang Zijie , Ou Minyi , Zhang Xinlu , Tian Zhihui 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The destruction of alveolar bone is a crucial manifestation of severe periodontitis, which stem cell-based bioengineered therapies are expected to cure. Therefore, a cost-effective, reproducible, quantifiability and easier-to-administrate animal model that mimics human periodontitis is of great importance for further endeavor.
Methods

In this study, we created periodontitis rat models in silk ligation group, bone defect group and bone defect/silk ligation group respectively. he clinical indexes of periodontitis were observed and recorded. The mandible was taken for micro-computed tomographic, histological and histomorphometric analysis to assess the periodontal inflammation and bone remodeling
Results

Obvious periodontal inflammation but slight alveolar bone resorption were observed in the ligation group, while surgical trauma was not robust enough to continually worsen the constructed bone defect area in the bone defect group. In the bone defect/ligature group, obvious and stable periodontal inflammation could be the most lasting with similar evolving pathological patterns of human periodontitis. It also exhibited enhanced clinical similarity and confirmed its superiority in quantitativeness.
Conclusions

The present rat model is the first study to reproduce a pathological process similar to human periodontitis with reliable stability and repeatability, manifesting a priority to previous methods. Day 9 to Day 12 is the best time for reproducing severe periodontitis syndromes with vertical bone resorption in this model.
A Young Japanese Patient with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Presenting Depressive State with Cenesthopathy and Delusion: A Case Report
Authors: Okamoto Naomichi , IKENOUCHI ATSUKO , Ide Satoru , Hashimoto Yu , Yoshimura Reiji 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Depressive state is a common complication of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). To the best of our knowledge, cases of SCA3 presenting with psychotic symptoms (i.e., cenesthopathy) have not been described. Here, we present a case of severe depressive state with cenesthopathy and delusion in a young Japanese man with SCA3.Case presentation: A 43-year-old Japanese man with SCA3 developed severe depressive state with associated cenesthopathy and delusion. He was treated with escitalopram (10 mg/day) and olanzapine (2.5 mg/day). Computed tomography showed atrophy of the cerebellum, bilateral superior cerebellar peduncle, and tegmentum of the pons. Single-photon emission computed tomography demonstrated reduced blood flow in the cerebellum, vermis, and brainstem. After eight weeks, his depressive state and delusion improved however his cenesthopathy persisted. Conclusions: We encountered a case of severe state with psychotic features (i.e., cenesthopathy and delusion) in a young Japanese man with SCA3. This study demonstrates that SCA3 may inherently present with severe depressive state and unique psychotic symptoms, even in younger patients where age-related neurodegeneration is unlikely. The complex function of the cerebellum in emotion and perception may play a crucial in the emergence of these psychiatric symptoms.
How to Improve the Manpower Shortage of Coastal Hotels Under the COVID-19 Epidemic Environment! Explore the Effectiveness of the Hotel Internship Training System
Authors: Xue Bing-Wang , Lin Hsiao-Hsien , Chen Chao-Chien , Lee Peng-Yeh , Hsu Chin-Hsien 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the key factors of sustainability of hotel social responsibility from the effectiveness of the hotel intern training system. Using a mixed research method, a sample was first selected by purposive sampling, and 280 questionnaires were obtained by snowballing from September 2019 to February 2020. Using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, AMOS) IBM 22.0 software, the reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by the CFA method, examined by Pearson Correlation Analysis, and then the opinions of hoteliers, experts, and senior employees on the questionnaire results were obtained by interview method and finally, the data were compiled and analyzed by multivariate verification. The study found that: Chinese hoteliers are unable to stabilize their employees' motivation and fulfill their internal social responsibility due to insufficient human resource training system, welfare benefits, job rotation mechanism, and poorly defined reward and punishment system. In order to stabilize the implementation of perfect internal corporate responsibilities for entrepreneurs, it is necessary to strengthen corporate culture promotion, improve the existing promotion system, increase employee benefits, and adjust the working environment and facilities. In this way, even in a harsh working environment, it can still increase employees' recognition of the company, improve work performance, and increase employees' willingness to stay.
Long-term effects of reducing the dialysate calcium concentration on bone biomarkers in adult patients on peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Piraciaba Maria , Cordeiro Lilian , Guimarães Erica Adelina , Abensur Hugo , Pereira Benedito Jorge , Jorgetti Vanda , Moysés Rosa Affonso , Elias Rosilene Motta 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction:
Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) are usually exposed to a high dialysate calcium concentration (D[Ca]), which is associated with undesirable effects. Low D[Ca] might overstimulate parathyroid hormone (PTH), as shown by previous studies carried out before the incorporation of calcimimetics in clinical practice. We hypothesized that a reduction in D[Ca] is safe and without risk for a rise in serum PTH.
Methods
in this prospective study, the D[Ca] was reduced from 1.75 mmol/L to 1.25 mmol/L for one year in prevalent patients on PD. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters were evaluated at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up.
Results
Patients (N = 20) aged 56 ± 16 years, 50% male, 25% diabetic. There was no significant change in calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, 25(OH)-vitamin D or PTH over time. Medication adjustments included an increase in calcitriol and sevelamer. After 1 year, absolute and percentual change in PTH levels were 36 (-58, 139) pg/ml, and 20% (-28, 45) respectively. The proportion of patients with PTH > 300 pg/ml did not change during the follow-up (p = 0.173).
Conclusion
Low D[Ca] concentration should be considered to patients on PD as a valuable and safe option. Medication adjustments to detain PTH rising, however, are advised.
The Relationship Between Tooth Loss and Hypertension: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tada Akio , Tano Rumi , Miura Hiroko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Understanding association between tooth loss and hypertension is important for improving cardiovascular health. We searched for publications that were published between July 2011 and June 2021 using three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between tooth loss and hypertension. Quality assessments were performed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program guideline, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the GRADE approach. Twenty studies (17 cross-sectional studies, and 3 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria for this review. Most cross-sectional studies showed that subjects with more tooth loss exhibited a greater proportion of hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure than those with less tooth loss. Meta-analyses revealed a statistically significant association between tooth loss and hypertension. The pooled ORFs of hypertension for having tooth loss with no tooth loss and for edentulous with dentate were 2.22 (95% CI 2.00-2.45) and 4.94 (95% CI: 4.04–6.05), respectively. In cohort studies, subjects with more tooth loss had a greater incidence of hypertension than those with less tooth loss during the follow-up period. The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that tooth loss is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure.
Coupled Metabolome With Physiology Unveiled Mechanisms for Cadmium Affecting Active Ingredients Synthesis in Salvia Miltiorrhiza, A Non-cd-hyperaccumulator
Authors: Yuan Jun , Fu Haihui , Wang Xiaoyun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCadmium (Cd) poses threats to human health by affecting the safety (Cd accumulation) and quantity (contents of active ingredients) of Salvia miltiorrhiza due to human activities and Cd characteristics. It remains largely unknown how Cd stress affects the synthesis of active ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza. ResultsHere we investigated physiologies (contents of Cd, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline, and activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT)), transfer factor (TF), bioconcentration factor (BCF) and metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza at different levels of Cd contamination with a pot experiment. The results revealed that Cd concentration, as it rose in soil, increased significantly in roots and leaves with TFs and BCFs below 1 in the Cd addition groups; POD and CAT activities and proline content increased and then declined significantly. Besides, amino acids and organic acids (especially D-glutamine (D-Gln), L-aspartic acid (L-Asp), L-phenylalanine (L-Phe), L-tyrosine (L-Try), geranylgeranyl-PP (GGPP), and rosmarinic acid (RA)) contributed more than other metabolites in discriminating roots under different levels of Cd contamination. With Cd concentration rising, the relative content of GGPP declined and then increased significantly; RA content rose significantly; content of L-Phe and L-Try increased and then declined significantly, while the content of D-Gln and L-Try decreased and then increased significantly. Conclusions These results suggested that S. miltiorrhiza belonged to a non-Cd-hyperaccumulator with most Cd accumulated in roots; Cd enhanced the RA synthesis via regulating amino acid metabolism but inhibited the tanshinone synthesis mainly by declining the GGPP content, with proline, POD and CAT playing vital roles in resisting Cd stress.
Evaluation of Depressive Symptoms in Elderly With Glaucoma
Authors: Neto José de Paula Barbosa , Lima Luiz Eduardo Fernandes , Vasconcelos Matheus Carvalho , Amaral Luis Eduardo Reis , Verde Lise Queiroz Lima , Carneiro Amanda Galdino , Silva Paulo Goberlânio Barros , Matos Alexis Galeno 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the presence of depressive symptoms in elderly people with glaucoma and other clinical and epidemiological factors that were associated to the presence depression.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Hospital de Olhos Leiria de Andrade, including volunteers aged 60 years or over. Individuals were separated into patients with glaucoma and patients without glaucoma. Volunteers responded a questionnaire, containing data from clinical history and the Geriatric Depression Scale – 15, and were submitted to a complete ophthalmological evaluation.Results: Overall, 42 patients in the glaucoma group and 40 patients in the non-glaucoma group were evaluated. The mean age among cases was 70.2 years, while in the control group it was 65.7 years. The evaluation of the Geriatric Depression Scale – 15 showed an average score of 4.21 and 3.82 in the case and control groups, respectively, with no statistical difference. However, the worsening of visual acuity was related to a greater number of depressive symptoms when comparing individuals with glaucoma. When analyzing the correlation between age, in both groups, and the number of depressive symptoms, there was no statistical significance.Conclusion: The presence of glaucoma was not associated with an increase in the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 score. However, the worsening in visual acuity was correlated to a greater number of depressive symptoms.
Artificial Intelligence in Positioning Between Tooth and Nerve on Panoramic Radiography
Authors: Choi Eunhye , Lee Soohong , Jeong Eunjae , Shin Seokwon , Youm Sekyoung , Son Youngdoo , Pang KangMi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Determining the exact positional relationship between mandibular third molar (M3) and inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is important for surgical extractions. Panoramic radiography is the most common dental imaging test. The purposes of this study were to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to determine two positional relationships (true contact and bucco-lingual position) between M3 and IAN when they were overlapped in panoramic radiographs and compare its performance with that of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) specialists. A total of 571 panoramic images of M3 from 394 patients was used for this study. Among the images, 202 were classified as true contact, 246 as intimate, 61 as IAN buccal position, and 62 as IAN lingual position. A deep convolutional neural network model with ResNet-50 architecture was trained for each task. We randomly split the dataset into 75% for training and validation and 25% for testing. Model performance was superior in bucco-lingual position determination (accuracy 0.76, precision 0.83, recall 0.67, and F1 score 0.73) to true contact position determination (accuracy 0.63, precision 0.62, recall 0.63, and F1 score 0.61). AI exhibited much higher accuracy in both position determinations compared to OMFS specialists. In determining true contact position, OMFS specialists demonstrated an accuracy of 52.68% to 69.64%, while the AI showed an accuracy of 72.32%. In determining bucco-lingual position, OMFS specialists showed an accuracy of 32.26% to 48.39%, and the AI showed an accuracy of 80.65%. Moreover, Cohen’s kappa exhibited a substantial level of agreement for the AI (0.61) and poor agreements for OMFS specialists in bucco-lingual position determination. Determining the position relationship between M3 and IAN is possible using AI, especially in bucco-lingual positioning. The model could be used to support clinicians in the decision-making process for M3 treatment.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in Patients Suffering From Acute Non-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - A Single Center Follow-up Study
Authors: Molnár Csilla , Gál Judit , Szántó Dorottya , Fülöp László , Szegedi Andrea , Siró Péter , Nagy Endre V , Lengyel Szabolcs , Kappelmayer János , Fülesdi Béla 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is an important complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), that may delay surgical or endovascular treatment and may influence patient outcome. This prospective follow-up study intended to collect data on the prevalence, severity, influencing factors and long-term outcome of TTC in patients suffering from non-traumatic SAH. Methods: Consecutive patients admitted with the diagnosis of non-traumatic SAH were included. Intitial assessment consisted of cranial CT, Hunt-Hess, Fisher and WFNS scoring, 12-lead ECG, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), transcranial duplex sonography and collecting laboratory parameters (CK, CK-MB, cardiac troponin T, NT-proBNP and urine metanephrine and normetanephrine). Diagnosis of TTC was based on modified Mayo criteria. TTC patients were dichotomized to mild and severe forms. Follow-up of TTE, Glasgow Outcome Scale assessment, Barthel’s and Karnofsky scoring occurred on days 30 and 180.Results: One hundred thirty six patients were included. The incidence of TTC in the entire cohort was 28.7 %; of them, 20.6% and 8.1% were mild and severe, respectively. TTC was more frequent in females (30/39; 77%) than in males (9/39; 23%) and was more severe. The occurrence of TTC was related to mFisher scores and WFNS scores. Although the severity of TTC was related to mFisher score, Hunt-Hess score, WFNS score and GCS, multivariate analysis showed the strongest relationship with mFisher scores. Ejection fraction differences between groups were present on day 30, but disappeared by day 180, whereas wall motion score index was still higher in the severe TTC group at day 180. By the end of the follow-up period (180 days), 70 (74.5%) patients survived in the non-TTC, 22 (81.5%) in the mild TTC and 3 (27%) in the severe TTC group (n = 11) (p = 0.002). At day 180, GOS, Barthel, and Karnofsky outcome scores were higher in patients in the control (non-TTC) and the mild TTC groups than in the severe TTC group. Conclusions: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a frequent finding in patients with SAH, and severe TTC may be present in 8% of SAH cases. The severity of TTC may be an independent predictor of mortality and outcome at 6 months after disease onset. Therefore, a regular follow-up of ECG and TTE abnormalities is warranted in patients with subrachnoid hemorrhage for early detection of TTC. Trial registration: The study was registered at the Clinical Trials Register under the registration number of NCT02659878 (date of registration: January 21, 2016)
Study on Mechanical Characteristics of Composite Alkali-activated Materials-stabilized Gold Tailings Under Direct Shear
Authors: Pan Zhenkai , Zhang Chao , Li Yuan , Gan Shucheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, the traditional industrial waste residue and some alkaline activators were mixed to prepare a new composite alkali-activated materials (CAAMs), which was used to stabilize gold mine tailings (GMTs). Due to emissions of greenhouse gases and solid dust, alkali-activated materials have been widely used to replace Portland cement to solidify geotechnical materials to enhance their mechanical properties. Different admixture of CAAMs (i.e., 0, 3, 5, 8% ) and gold mine tailings were prepared, and the samples were cured in saturated water and under no air conditions. In order to investigate the mechanical characteristics of CAAMs-stabilized GMTs, laboratory direct shear tests were carried out on samples after curing them for 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, respectively. The test results showed that as the curing periods increased, the brittleness of the samples increased, and the stress-displacement curves for all the cured specimens changed from plateau-type to peak-type curves. The curing periods and the content of CAAMs are both beneficial for enhancing the shear strength of CAAMs-stabilized GMTs samples, but the increase rate decreased as the vertical confining pressure increased. Furthermore, the influence of CAAMs content on shear strength increment was larger than that of curing periods. An exponential growth model could be well used to describe the change of shear strength with the curing periods at different vertical stresses.
The Use of Sucking Time to Establish Models to Estimate Breastmilk Intake of One Breastfeeding Session for 1-12-Month Infants: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jia Ni , Xu Mengxue , Zhang Meixian , Gong Jianhua , Zhao Lu , Dai Yaohua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundObservation method of assessing breastmilk intake (BI) by observing medical indices has less interference in breastfeeding than test-weighing method, but for the calculation certain influential predictor variables had not been recognized and needed to be further studied. MethodInfants between 1 and 12 months were enrolled in a hospital of Shenzhen city in northern China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a sample of mother-infant dyads. A breastfeeding session of each participating mother subject was observed in the clinic. 150 mother-infant dyads were adopted for data analysis. BI was measured by test-weighing method. Sucking time (ST), Information of maternal and infant health, maternal breast, and infant feeding practice were collected. ResultsThere was a relationship between sucking time and breastmilk intake per breastfeeding session (r=0.57, p<0.05). In the 4 multilevel models (r>0.6, p<0.05) established to estimate breastmilk intake the best fit multilevel model was to estimate breastmilk intake per kg (infant weight) for 1-4-month infants (R2=0.53, p<0.05). Sucking time as the key variable and other factors including infant birth weight/ birth weight, breast side, maternal BMI, maternal vocation significantly had effect on breastmilk intake and those factors that remained significant varied according to different age groups. ConclusionsSucking time had a significant association with breastmilk intake in a breastfeeding session. Establishing multilevel models based on sucking time to estimate breastmilk intake per infant weight for specific age group of infants greatly improved the effectiveness. But the accuracy of the estimation needed to be improved for further application in telemedicine.