bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-similar expansion of a plasmoid supplied by pellet ablation
Authors: Arnold Alistair M , Aleynikov Pavel , Helander Per 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Cryogenic pellet injection is an important means of refuelling and terminating fusion plasmas, with fuel pellets exhibiting a range of phenomena beneficial to confinement and the energy balance between ions and electrons. In this investigation we consider the self-similar expansion along magnetic field lines of the plasmoid produced by a small pellet. In particular, we consider the case when the expansion timescale is comparable to the time taken for the pellet gas cloud to cross a field line. It is shown that plasmoid ions acquire a significant fraction of the energy that is transferred to plasmoid electrons via collisions with the ambient plasma. It is found that the expansion is insensitive to the profile of the gas cloud and details of the ionisation of the gas—the plasma flux emerging from the gas cloud is the only quantity that affects the expansion.
Effects of Morphological and Structural Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures on the Performance of an Ultraviolet Detector
Authors: Sutanto Yohan , Roza Liszulfah , Putri Nur Ajrina , Fauzia Vivi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study proposed cost-effective metal-oxide photoconductors using a glass substrate; three different ZnO nanostructures were used as sensing materials. ZnO-sensing materials were fabricated in thin films and one-dimensional nanorods (NRs). ZnO thin films were fabricated using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method, while ZnO nanorods were fabricated by employing the hydrothermal technique. The results reveal that ZnO thin film-sensing materials exhibit higher performance than nanorods. The results also show that ZnO thin films have the highest performance (responsivity: 8884 A/W; detectivity: 6.7 x 1012Jones; sensitivity: 403%; rise time: 12 s; recovery time: 34 s). The better performance of the ZnO thin films’ UV detector to the higher ratio of photocurrent to dark current. ZnO NRs-based devices have a higher dark current, possibly because of the large number of crystal defects found in ZnO NRs, as indicated by defective emissions in the photoluminescence spectra.
Antimicrobial activity analysis of Piper betle Linn leaves extract from Nganjuk, Sidoarjo and Batu against Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Ermawati FU , Sari R. , Putri NP , Rohmawati L , Kusumawati DH , Munasir  , Supardi ZAI 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus in Indonesia since early March 2020 has caused many casualties. To prevent this, everyone must wear a mask, wash their hands and maintain social distancing. Hand washing can be done with a hand sanitizer that contains up to 70% alcohol so that it has the potential to kill bacteria and the COVID-19 virus. However, alcohol has some disadvantages such as being flammable, leading to dry skin and removing the protective film of skin. For this reason, the formulation of an alcohol-free antiseptic liquid such as green leaves of Piper betle Linn can be an alternative solution because it contains various substances that are useful for human health, including essential oils, carvacrol and tannins which function as antiseptics, antiviral and antimicrobial. This study reports the antimicrobial activity of Piper betle Linn leaves extract from three districts: Nganjuk, Sidoarjo and Batu with a concentration of 50% to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim was to compare the ability of the three extracts in inhibiting the growth of each bacterium. The extracts were prepared by maceration method using 96% ethanol. The evaluation was performed by agar diffusion method based on the Indonesian Pharmacopeia IV. Streptomycin 100 ppm, 50 μL was used as the positive control. It was investigated that the growth inhibitory responses of the three extracts to the four bacteria are comparable to the response of Streptomycin and are classified as moderate.
Synthesize of rGO from coal (sub-bituminous) as a counter-electrode on dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Arsyad Waode Sukmawati , Pranata Yudi , Variani Viska Inda , Usman Ida , Aba La , Agusu La 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the quest for a replacement for platinum as catalytic material in DSSC’s counter electrode (CE), this research aims to extract reduced graphene oxide (rGO) from coal. The coal used was a sub-bituminous type originated from Kolaka Timur, which extracted to rGO with modified Hummer methods. The resulting rGO was characterized by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), FTIR, XRD, and LCR meter, to investigate the atomic composition, chemical bonds, crystal structure, and conductivity. For CE fabrication, rGO was mixed with ethyl cellulose (EC) and dissolved in terpineol with a ratio of 100:10, 100:20, 100:50, 100:70, and 100:100 in weight. The structure of the fabricated solar cell was FTO/TiO2/Dye/Electrolyte/rGO/FTO. From the EDS result, we identified the elements of C and O that was the main constituent for rGO, with the highest C/O ratio was 0.81. From FTIR spectra, it was found that the rGO still contain impurities originated from quartz, kaolinite and illite mineral. From rGO 4 XRD characterization, the rGO peak was identified at a 2θ position of 23.9° with a crystallite size of 47.5 nm. The obtained conductivity for rGO in this research was 2.18 x 10−1 S/cm. From photovoltaic characteristic measurement, the highest overall conversion efficiency was 0.046% for rGO:EC of 100:70. The efficiency of the DSSC cells in this research was noticeably low due to the quality of the resulting rGO that was marked by small C/O ratio and the existence of impurity minerals as indicated in the FTIR and XRD data.
Local structure and electronic structure of LiFePO4 as a cathode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Astuti Fahmi , Maghfirohtuzzoimah Vera Laviara , Intifadhah Sahara Hamas , Az-Zahra Pelangi , Arifin Rizal , Klysubun Wantana , Zainuri Mochamad , Darminto  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The local and electronic structure are significant to determine the performance of electrodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIB). Here we report the local structure of LiFePO4 as a cathode of LIB studied by Fe K-edge on X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The mixture of oxidation state of Fe ion (Fe2+/Fe3+) and the nearest neighbor of Fe atom were reported in this study. Furthermore, the preliminary study of electronic structure shown by the calculated density of states in antiferromagnetic spin configurations exhibited the prominent role of on-site Coulomb interactions in LiFePO4 material.
Study of Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Single Layered Graphene with Vacancy and (-OH) Adsorption by Density Functional Theory Calculation
Authors: Jannah Zahrotul , Asih Retno , Arifin Rizal , Darminto  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Graphene is one of the most popular two-dimensional materials. However, a zero bandgap character of graphene restricts some nanoelectronics uses. Thus a defect or functional group is generally introduced to create magnetism in graphene Here, we study electronic and magnetic properties of single-layered graphene having a vacancy and hydroxide (-OH) adsorption. The calculation is performed by employing the spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) method using the Quantum Espresso package. Modeled systems used in the calculation are the 4x4x1 graphene supercell (G), single vacancy graphene (SVG), and SVG with OH adsorption (G-OH). The band gaps calculated from SVG obtained 1.2 eV (spin-up) and 0.7 eV (spin-down), and G-OH obtained 0.8 eV (spin-up) and 1.2 eV (spin-down) after optimized structure. Moreover, the magnetic moment is estimated to be 0.69 μ

B
per cell and 1.00 μ

B
per cell for SVG and G-OH, respectively. The result shows that the defect influences electronic and magnetic properties on graphene. The results of this analysis can be used for future research of graphene applications.
Force-displacement analysis of PMMA/zircon composites using dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA)
Authors: Hilmi A R , Dona R , Purnamasari N D , Wulandari W , Fauziyah N A , Pratapa S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In the study, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/zircon (ZrSiO4) composites were successfully prepared using the liquid method at different compositions of 1, 2.5, and 5 wt% of zircon. The zircon filler was processed from a natural, local zircon sand and was processed via a top-down method using wet ball-milling for 5 and 15 h as well as annealing at temperature of 200 °C for 1 h. The force-displacement curves of the composites have been acquired using a DMA (dynamic mechanical analyzer) technique in tensile mode. XRD (x-ray diffraction) data of the composites were collected and analyzed in order to examine the present phases and used as the evidence of the formation of the composites. Furthermore, MAUD software was used to estimate the crystallite size of the filler. Results indicated that zircon crystallite size for 15 h wet ball-milling was smaller than that of 5 h. Furthermore, the maximum DMA force (also representing stress) for the composite with smaller filler was generally higher than that of 5 h, ca. by 2.5 times. In addition, in general, the composites exhibited an increasing slope of force-displacement curve with increasing amount of filler.
ANC Gen1: BBTA3 - BPPT 1st Prototype of Active Noise Control for Vehicle Cabin Noise
Authors: Atmojo A Y , Masfuri Z , Sabrina M , Basuki A , Feriadi Y , Suwarjono  , Sugianto  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Presently, value of passenger vehicle shifted from more than conventional transporting tools. Its comfort become important consideration beside its functionality, and no exception for its cabin noise also. Vendors and engineers have given their effort in minimizing vehicle cabin noise within many methods for many years. One of them is Active Noise Control (ANC) method by giving opposite signal called anti-noise that interfere and cancel each other with the noise itself. BBTA3 - BPPT have performed development of ANC system since last year, especially for medium passenger vehicle. Implementing Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm and broadband feedforward strategy, least significance but a promising result have been achieved by the 1st prototype that have been tested in mid of 2020. Around 1 dB of best average decrement of cabin noise have been noted for its lab-scaled testing, and less than 0.5 dB for its road test result. Comprehensive approaches have been recommended for next step of development, including algorithm enhancement, hardware specification improvement, and spin-off research about acoustic-noise energy harvesting.
Optical and magneto-optical properties of Fe
x
Ag
x
superlattices: first-principles study
Authors: Arifin M , Nakamura K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Optical and magneto-optical properties of Fe
x
Ag
x
superlattices with thickness (x) of 1, 2, and 3 atomic-layers were investigated from first-principles calculations by using full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method and Kubo formula. Based on the calculated optical conductivity tensors, the characteristic features in dielectric functions, refractive indexes, absorptions, electron loss functions, and magneto-optical constants in the Fe
x
Ag
x
superlattices were systematically elucidated. We found that the optical properties can be controlled by tuning the hybridization of d-orbitals between Fe and Ag due to changes in the thickness of superlattices.
Impact of climate variability on skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) catches in the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 715
Authors: Sepri  , Hartoko A , Suradi WS , Ghofar A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Marine and fisheries resources have trans-boundary nature and have great potential to be affected by global climate change. Tuna is one of the main export commodities from Indonesia. Patterns of fish life can not be separated from the existence of various environmental conditions. Fluctuations in environmental conditions have many influences on the seasonal migration period and the presence of fish in one place. This study aimed to determine the variability in peak season of tuna fishing to regional climate change, El Nino and La Nina, with the aim to optimize the utilization of Skipjack tuna. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted to investigate the direct correlation between Skipjack tuna catches during 2015 - 2019 and regional climate changes that occurred in those periods, i.e., El Nino (2015-2019) and La Nina (2015-2019). Sampling and measurement times were performed at the end of the East season, which was from September to December 2019. The results of this study show that regional climate change affected inter-monthly variation of the peak seasons of Skipjack fishing in the fisheries management (FMA) 715 area. During El Nino, FMA 715 was an ideal place for Skipjack tuna fishing. The peak fishing season was in October for the period from September to November. The regional climate change triggered from the Pacific Ocean caused the unsuitable water conditions in the FMA 715 for Skipjack tuna fishing. Variability of climate changes triggered by La Nina in the Pacific Ocean did not provide a favorable environment for fish migration to the FMA 715 waters.
Palm fiber as potential material for FADs: durability enhancement and increasing fish catching for small scale fisheries
Authors: Hasaruddin H , Thahir M A , Yusfiandayani R , Baskoro M S , Jaya I 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fish aggregating devices (FADs) have brought impact on the fish catching productivity and preciseness of fishing ground. Traditional fisherman is using coconut frond and areca frond for shallow water FADs and it have been increasing cost maintenance of FADs, due to durability of natural attractor like coconut frond and areca frond tend to lower. Therefore, the research aims to determine the influence of different natural attractors of the FADs (i.e., areca frond, coconut frond and palm fiber) to impact the fish catching around the shallow water FADs. Pyramid model was used for attractors of FADs. Data were collected by experimental method, i.e., experimental fishing every two weeks until the fronds (attractors) totally rotted using hand lines (January-May 2019). The location of research is Nagan Raya Waters, Aceh Province (Hindia Ocean). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to assess differences in the treatment value, namely natural attractors in the FADs for the fish catching number (significant level at 95%). The results showed that the different of natural attractors of the FADs were affected to fish catching around the FADs. Meanwhile, palm fiber attractor is better than to aggregate of fish around FADs, but these has not given significantly different for total catch of fish (p>0.05). Therefore, to maximize fish catch around shallow water FADs and to minimize of maintenance cost for FAD are suggested to using palm fiber attractors. This finding is very important to help traditional FADs fishery in maximizing production of fish and to increasing profit of small scale fisheries.
Sustainabilty status and index of Aceh palm oil in central production of West Region Nagan Raya District
Authors: Nasution A , Fajri  , Karim A , Romano  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nagan Raya District as the center of oil palm production in the Western Region of Aceh with an area of 100,547 Ha of oil palm plantations has the power to support Aceh’s economy. Sustainability analysis of Multi Dimensional Scaling using the Rap-Insus Palm Oil technique shows that oil palm plantations in Nagan Raya Regency have a fairly sustainable status. Supporting the sustainability of the economic and environmental dimensions has a fairly sustainable status, but the social and security dimensions are less sustainable. The highest sensitive leverage attributes from the economic dimension was the income of oil palm growers, the social dimension wase coaching in the communities around the plantation companies, the environmental dimension was forest fires, and the security dimension was facilitation of former GAM combatants to become oil palm growers. However, the lowest sensitive leverage attribute of the economic dimension was other economic growth due to oil palm, the social dimension was the K3 program in plantation companies, the environmental dimension was land suitability for oil palm plants, and the security dimension was oil palm in suppressing cannabis cultivation.
Characteristics of frozen yogurt made with a variety of local bananas/plaintains
Authors: Tuhumury H C D , Moniharapon E , Egbert N V 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Frozen yogurt is a fermented frozen dairy dessert that blends the physical qualities of ice cream with the sensory and nutritional benefits of fermented milk items. Because of its low fat content, frozen yogurt may be considered a healthier alternative to ice cream. Some fruity ingredients have been added in the formulation of yogurt to gain more acceptance. There ia s vast local fruit diversity in Indonesia, especially in Maluku that can be used to impart fruity flavor to frozen yogurt. The purpose of this research was to determine the chemical, physical, and sensory characteristics of various types of local bananas/plaintains., i.e “Tongka langit”. “Raja”, Ambon kuning”, and “40 hari” in the production of frozen yogurt and determine the best local banana types in frozen yogurt production. Results showed that The incorporation of “Ambon kuning” banana in the formulation resulted in frozen yogurt with better characteristics than other bananas/plaintains, with pH, protein, vitamin C, and total sugar of 5.65, 2.82%, 41 mg/100 mL, and 45.85%, respectively. In terms of taste, texture, overall likeness, and color, frozen yogurt made from “Ambon kuning” banana was considered suitable and liked on most hedonic categories, with the exception of aroma, which was neither liked nor disliked.
The effectiveness of herbal fermentation into drinking water on the performance of kampung chickens
Authors: Lubis F N L , Palupi R , Solihin L , Syafiqurrahman M W 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Herbs are one of the natural ingredients that can be used in replacing the role of antibiotics as feed additives that can improve the performance of native chickens. This study aims to determine how long the fermented herbs remain effective in improving the performance of native chickens. The variables observed were feed consumption, body weight gain, and FCR. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments in this study consisted of A0 = control (without herbal supplementation), A1 = herbal supplementation used for 1 week, A2 = herbal supplementation used for 2 weeks, A3 = herbal supplementation used for 3 weeks, A4 = herbal supplementation used for 2 weeks. used for 4 weeks. The quantitative data were analyzed with variance and if they were significantly different, it would be followed by multiple distance tests with a level of 5%. The results showed that the effectiveness of fermented herbs used in different timescales showed no significant difference (P> 0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, and native chicken Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). The conclusion of this study is the use of fermented herbs in drinking water with different time ranges still shows the results of feed consumption and high body weight gain and can reduce FCR. This is due to the fermentation process in herbs which causes the active content of herbs to be well preserved and their quality does not decrease even though they are used for different periods.
The conservation of endemic and endangered tree species Kalapia celebica Kosterm with Mycorrhizal bio-fertilizer technology in post-gold mining areas
Authors: Arif A , Husna  , Tuheteru F D , Adiansyah A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of mycorrhizal fungi of arbuscular (AMF) on the growth of Kalappia celebica Kosterm at 4 months aged after planting in gold mining land of PT. Panca LogamMakmur, Bombana, Southeast Sulawesi. This study was designed using block randomized design (BRD) consisted of 5 treatments, i.e. control, Constrictum etunicatum, Septoglomus constrictum, Glomus claroideum Schenk & Smith, Glomus coronatum Giovann, and mixed AMF (G. claroideum, G. coronatum). Each treatment had three replications. The results showed that AMF colonization significantly increased the growth of K. celebica plants. G. coronatum and C. etunicatum significantly increased the height, diameter, and leaf area and leaves dry weight of K. celebica. AMF can be used for the conservation of extinct tree species in gold mining lands.
Species diversity and estimation of carbon stock in abandoned shrimp pond of mangrove ecosystem in East Kalimantan
Authors: Diana R , Matius P , Syahrinudin  , Karyati  , Hendra M , Melsitiara R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The mangrove forest ecosystem plays an absorbent and carbon sink to reduce CO2 levels in the atmosphere, including in degraded mangrove areas. This research was conducted precisely on abandoned shrimp ponds in mangrove areas in the Mahakam Delta. Four different locations are locating on Sepatin ponds, ponds, ponds, and ponds Bayur headland. The purpose of this study was to estimate the above-ground carbon stock in abandoned shrimp ponds. Carbon stock measurement methods create a 125 m transect and quadrant divided into six plots at each location. These measurements were conducted on living vegetation and dead wood from felling vegetation. Measurement of above-ground biomass was done by measuring the tree diameter at breast height (1.3 m) on each tree diameter> 5 cm in radius quadrant plot 7 m. Vegetation has a diameter <5 cm categorized in seedling criteria and measured 30 cm from the ground within the quadrant plot radius of 2 m. The vegetation diversity experienced a succession calculated using the diversity index by calculating the dominance index, diversity index, and similarity index of vegetation. While the calculation of above-ground biomass accumulation using allometric equations according to the species. The results showed that vegetation analysis in the fourth study sites obtained a high dominance index value at each location. The study is inversely proportional to the value of diversity and similarity index. The highest total carbon stock at Tanjung Nipah location was 11.599 Mg C. Ha -1, followed by Sepatin 6.248 Mg C. Ha -1, Benati Dalam 3.579 Mg C. Ha -1, and lowest carbon stock at Bayur location 1.460 Mg C. Ha -1.
Estimation of heritability in three months old sengon (Falcataria moluccana) seedlings at a progeny testing in Kediri, East Jawa, Indonesia
Authors: Siregar UJ , Nugroho A , Shabrina H , Istikorini Y , Rahmawati R , Amin Y , Haneda NF 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Heritability values were estimated for three months old seedlings height and diameter of Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) grown in a progeny testing in Kediri, East Jawa, Indonesia. Totally 10.000 seedlings from 100 families were planted, consisting of 50 families from resistant mother trees to boktor pest (Xystrocera festiva) and gall rust disease (Uromycladium falcatariae) and other 50 families from susceptible ones. The progeny testing applied split-plot block design with four blocks, 100 families as sub-plot and resistance to pest and disease as main-plot, while observingnine seedlings as replications. Parameters observed were seedlings height and diameter. ANOVA showed that all treatments had significant and highly significant effects on all parameters. Interactions between block and families also interaction between block and resistance were highly significant. However, the heritability values of height and diameter were both low. These low heritability values at seedling stage were expected as Sengon woods are usually harvested at the age of 5 years. However, the highly significant effects of families on both growth parameters indicated that genetics have high contribution to the seedlings performances in the field.