bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Labor Pain Mangement Practice and Associated Factors Among Obstetric Care Workers in Public Health Facilities of West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Melesse Girma Tufa , Wayessa Zelalem Jabessa , Bonkiye Amana Jilo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Childbirth is a painful experience for almost all women and most women require pain relief. Labor pain management strategies include non-pharmacological interventions and pharmacological interventions. Globally, approximately 140 million births occur every year and most of them are vaginal births among pregnant women with no risk factors identified for complications during onset of labor.More than a third of maternal deaths from pregnancy-related conditions are attributed to complications that arise during childbirth or the period immediately following childbirth, usually due to bleeding, obstructed laboror sepsis.The aim of this study was to assess labor pain management practice and associated factors among obstetric care givers in public health facilities of West Guji, Southern Ethiopia 2020.Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select 280 study participants. The data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, binary and multiple logistic regressions were used. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% CI was estimated to assess the strength of associations and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Result: The magnitude of labor pain management practice among obstetric care workers at the study area was 43.3%. Factors that associated to labor pain management practice which were found to be statistically significant by multivariable analysis model were: Being diploma holder (AOR, 0.3; 95% CI: 0.2, 0.6), knowledge of obstetric analgesia (AOR, 9.4; 95% CI:1.8, 9.9) andthought of pharmacologic obstetric analgesia has effect on the labor (AOR, 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4, 6.2)Conclusion: Though the magnitude of labor pain management practice was better than other studies, stillit needs working to increase it. Being diploma holder, knowledge of obstetric analgesia and thought of pharmacologic obstetric analgesia has effect on the labor were the factors that responsible for labor pain management practice.
A Functional Interaction Between the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and the Human α7 Nicotinic Receptor
Authors: Chrestia Juan Facundo , Oliveira Ana Sofia , Mulholland Adrian J. , Gallagher Timothy , Bermúdez Isabel , Bouzat Cecilia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Infection relies on the binding of the viral spike protein (S) to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in host cells. The S protein has been suggested to interact with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and a potential contribution of nAChRs to COVID-19 pathophysiology has been proposed. α7 nAChR is an interesting candidate target since it is present in neuronal and non-neuronal cells, including immune cells, and has anti-inflammatory actions. We here identified a novel direct functional interaction between the α7 nAChR and the Y674-R685 S region. The S fragment exerts a dual effect, acting as a low-efficacy agonist and a non-competitive inhibitor. It activates the α7 nAChR, in line with our previous molecular dynamics simulations showing favorable binding of this accessible region of the S protein to the nAChR agonist binding pocket. However, activation requires the presence of positive allosteric modulators that enhance channel opening probability, indicating very low activation efficacy. The S fragment also induces an overlapped non-competitive inhibition, which may be the predominant effect on α7 responses. This study provides unequivocal evidence supporting a functional α7-S protein interaction, which opens doors for exploring the involvement of nAChRs in COVID-19 pathophysiology.
An Improving Densification in Spark Plasma Sintering Ultrafine-grained Y2O3 Transparent Ceramic by Particle Fracture and Rearrangement
Authors: Huang Zhangyi , Shi Yang , Zhang Yutong , Deng Mao , Wang Haomin , Guo Yi , Kong Qingquan , Qi Jianqi , Ma Benyuan , Wang Qingyuan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Herein, we report a new strategy on an improving densification in spark plasma sintering (SPS) ultrafine-grained Y2O3 transparent ceramic using anisotropic-shaped nanorod powders. At the low temperature stage (<600°C), fracture and rearrangement of nanorod powders will appear which can further improve the initial density of particle compact and reduce the initial particle size. When the temperature reaches beyond 600°C, the sintering efficiency of nanorod powder compact will exceed that of the green body packed by spherical powders. The ceramic sample sintered at 1300°C from nanorods is transparent with ultra-fine grain and shows good optical and mechanical properties, while the corresponding ceramic from near-spherical nanocrystalline powders is not dense enough and opaque.
Chromosome characterization and physical mapping of 18S rDNA in Lilium longiflorum originated interspecific hybrids using combined genomic and fluorescent in situ hybridization
Authors: Islam Md Mazharul , Lee Hyemin , Deepo Deen Mohammad , Yesmin Reshma , Ramzan Fahad , Kim Hong-Yul , Lim Ki-Byung 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study was aimed at differentiating parental genomes, examining intergenomic composition, and mapping mitotic metaphase chromosomes by localizing parental and 18S rDNA probes in seven interspecific hybrid progenies that originated from Lilium longiflorum. Since in situ hybridization has not been previously used in lily breeding, flow cytometry was used in conjunction with genomic and fluorescent in situ hybridization to determine the genomic contribution of each parent to the interspecific progenies. A significant variation was observed in the DNA content, chromosome length, and 18S loci in F1 as compared to the female and male parents. L. longiflorum showed nearly two times higher DNA content than the male parents and L. longiflorum × Asiatic progenies, but eight times higher than L. longiflorum × L. hansonii. Genomic in situ hybridization results revealed that both female and male parents contributed an equal number of chromosomes to their interspecific F1 offspring. Fluorescent in situ hybridization mapping revealed that 18S rDNA had 8, 6 and 7 loci in L. longiflorum parents, i.e., White heaven, Bright tower, and White tower, respectively, whereas each Asiatic cultivar and L. hansonii used as male showed 8 and 12 loci respectively. Interspecific progenies showed 8 and 7 loci in LA, and 10–11 in LM hybrids. These cytogenetic results implied equal genetic and chromosomal contribution from both parents to their intergenomic progenies. Therefore, this combined (Schwarzacher et al., 1992)cytogenetic method has the potential to be an affordable and time-saving approach in lily breeding that could determine the status of hybrids and their genomic origin while achieving physical mapping and detecting genes in different genomes.
10-4-4, A Cardiac Glycoside Block Growth in Cancer Cells via Nuclear Receptor Nur77 Mediated Na+/K+- ATPase Endocytosis
Authors: Hu Mengjie , Xu Yang , Bao Yuzhou , Tang Jinshan , Li Mingyu , Yao Xin-Sheng , Zhang Xiao-kun , Liu Jie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Cancer is second only to heart disease as a cause of death. Develop new and more effective treatment strategies for cancer remain a major challenge for human medicine today. Nur77, an orphan member for the nuclear receptor superfamily, inhibits growth in cancer cells by translocation to cytoplasmic. Small molecules that trigger Nur77 nuclear export may be an ideal anti-cancer candidate.
Methods

Cell proliferation was evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The protein expression level were detected by western blot analysis. Immunostaining and cell fractionation assays were used to assess subcelluar localization of Nur77. Cell apoptosis, cell cycle and calcium were detected by flow cytometry. Zebrafish liver cancer models were used to determine anti-cancer effect of 10-4-4 in vivo.
Results

In this study, we exhibit 10-4-4 a cardiac glycoside, extracted from Antiaris toxicaria lesch, has sensitivity to cancer cells. 10-4-4 induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells. Consistently, 10-4-4 augments Nur77 expression and cytoplasmic localization, its restraint of cancer cells growth is Nur77 dependent. Meanwhile, as a cardiac glycoside, 10-4-4 inhibits Na+/K+- ATPase (NaK) activation. To further confirm the molecular mechanism of 10-4-4, we found the association between Nur77 and NaK. The suppression of NaK by 10-4-4 increases the level of intracellular Ca2+. Ca2+, as a second messenger, specific activates protein kinase C (PKC). PKC has been reported on the influence of Nur77 nuclear export. Identical conclusions are obtained in this studies that 10-4-4 induces PKC activation play an important role in Nur77 nuclear export. Notably, the cytoplasmic Nur77 induced by 10-4-4 interaction with NaK to induce NaK endocytosis, and then trigger G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Studies in Zebrafish shows that 10-4-4 potently inhibits the growth of liver cancer cells in vivo.
Conclusions

Our results exhibit that 10-4-4 possesses an anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo via NaK-Nur77 signaling pathway and maybe offers a novel strategy in development of chemotherapeutic anti-cancer drug.
Identification of PTPLAD1 as a Novel Tumor Suppressor and its Implication in Metastatic Colon Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yang Jie , Li Yangjia , Hu Yang , Zhang Weixia , Yan Xin , Liang Junze , Huang Xiaohui , Li Bin , He Qing-Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers, and cancer metastasis always leads to a failure of clinical treatment. Although there have been many studies on the process of colon cancer progression, the detailed mechanism of colon cancer metastasis still remains unclear, and more effective drugs targeting colon cancer metastasis are urgently needed. This study aims to explore novel effectors involved in colon cancer metastasis and screen out potential targeted drug for colon cancer therapy.Methods: Mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analyses are performed to present the proteomics variation between two colon cancer cell lines with different invasion abilities. Boyden chamber invasion assay (in vitro) and experimental metastasis assay in mice (in vivo) are performed to explore the role of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like A domain containing 1 (PTPLAD1) in colon cancer metastasis. Western blotting and qRT-PCR assays are performed to analyze the expression of proteins and mRNA of related signaling cascades. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and confocal assays are conducted to examine the proteins interacted with PTPLAD1. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay is fulfilled to evaluate the relationship of PTPLAD1 expression and histone H3K9 acetylation. Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) screening system are used to screen out the small molecular inhibitor that mimics the effect of PTPLAD1 on suppressing colon cancer metastasis.Results: Our results identify that PTPLAD1 is significantly downregulated in the highly invasive cell lines, and PTPLAD1 suppresses colon cancer metastasis by interacting with prohibitin (PHB) and prohibiting the activation of PHB/C-Raf1 (Raf)/ extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/Snail signaling pathway. Moreover, the expression of PTPLAD1 is modulated through the acetylation of histone H3K9. Besides, we identify a small molecule named avobenzone, once used to protect skin from ultraviolet damage, that can disrupt the interaction of PHB and Raf, significantly abrogate the activation of downstream signaling cascades and prohibit colon cancer metastasis.Conclusions: Collectively, our study not only identifies PTPLAD1 as a novel tumor suppressor and clarifies its role in suppressing colon cancer metastasis, but also provides a potential targeted drug for metastatic colon cancer therapy.
D-Limonene Inhibits the Occurrence and Progression of LUAD by Suppressing Lipid Metabolism Dysregulation Induced by PM2.5 Exposure
Authors: Zhu Tengteng , Li Yangyang , Feng Tienan , Yang Yuqing , Zhang Kai , Qian Ying , Gao Jing , Quan Xiaowei , Yu Herbert , Qian Biyun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: PM2.5 exposure is associated with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but the mechanism is unclear. The lack of understanding impedes our effort on prevention. This study examined a possible mechanism of lung cancer caused by PM2.5 exposure, and aimed to find a potential intervention for people living in PM2.5 polluted regions.Methods: PM2.5 was collected near South-North elevated way in Shanghai city. Lung adenocarcinoma cells, pulmonary epithelial cell and mice were exposed to PM2.5 or D-limonene for 48h and two month separately. Cell morphology, abilities of invasion, migration and proliferation, pulmonary fibrosis level were assessed. Lipid metabolism changes were also studied in 11,564 lung cancer patients.Results: PM2.5 exposure induced accumulation of lipid droplets in LUAD cells which was accompanied by increased malignant cellular behaviors and disrupted lipid metabolism. PM2.5 exposure of LUAD led to cleaved N-SREBP1 translocation from the cytoplasm to nucleus, which upregulated the expression of FASN and ACACA. These changes increased lipid accumulation in LUAD. D-limonene, a natural monoterpene, was found to inhibit the changes in lipid metabolism through upregulating the expression of miR-195, a reported tumor suppressor that inhibited the expression of SREBP1, FASN and ACACA specifically induced by PM2.5 exposure. Same changes were also observed in normal lung epithelial cells and normal lung tissue from mice after PM2.5 exposure, and the changes were inhibited by D-limonene treatment. Furthermore, in a cohort of 11,564 lung cancer patients, significant lipid metabolism disorders were observed in high, compared to low, PM2.5 polluted areas, and a small human intervention trial showed that serum miR-195 was upregulated after oral intake of D-limonene.Conclusion: Our study reveals a potential intervention target for LUAD that is related to PM2.5 exposure-induced lipid metabolism disturbance and that D-limonene may inhibit the disruption through the upregulation of miR-195, which suggests a novel low-cost preventive intervention for people living in PM2.5 polluted regions.
Abnormal Inflammatory Status Promotes Lymphatic Metastasis of Gallbladder Cancer Cells Through the CACUL1/NRF2/ITGBL1/ITGA9/VEGF-C Pathway
Authors: Kong Ying , Wang Kai , Suo Ai-li 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly fatal disease with poor prognosis, but the aetiology is poorly understood. Long standing gallstone and chronic inflammation had been observed to be risk factors for GBC. Gallstone and chronic infection may lead to increased turnover of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids and inflammatory cytokines, which were known tumor promoters and might be responsible for GBC. But the exact molecular mechanism was not fully understood. Results: Our results showed that gallstones and chronic infection could increase the levels of inflammatory cytokines, and promoted the expression of CACUL1 and ITGBL1. Our study furtherly identified the highly expressed patients of CACUL1 and ITGBL1 had a poor prognosis, and them therefore might serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for GBC patients. CACUL1 promoted the expression of ITGBL1 through NRF2. Furthermore, ITGBL1 promoted the migration and invasion of GBC cells. In addition, ITGBL1 was found to induce lymphangiogenesis through the ITGA9/VEGF-C pathway and promote lymphatic metastasis. Conclusions: Our study provided new insight into GBC pathogenesis that chronic bacterial infection and gallstones leading to the production of carcinogenic precursors and inflammatory cytokines promote lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of cancer cells through CACUL1/NRF2/ITGBL1/ ITGA9/VEGF-C pathway.
IgA- Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Correlates With a Better Prognosis in GADC Patients
Authors: Jia Lizhou , Wang Tengqi , Chen Hao , Ba Teer , Wang Bin , Wang Xiaolei , He Weiwei , Zhao Youcai , Zhao Wei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The roles of tumor infiltrating B lymphocytes (TIBs) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in solid tumor genesis and tumor therapy have been recognized by researchers, but the specific formation and effect of the TLSs have not been fully understood. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing, multiple immunofluorescence assays, and quantitative digital image analysis to study the formation and structure of TLSs in gastric adenocarcinoma (GADC). Furthermore, the study collected 165 cases of GADC with TLSs and analysis the relationships between TLS formation and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of GADC patients were analyzed. Results:The result identified the type of IgA-TLSs which contained higher level of IgA+-B cells in GADC, and the major structures of the IgA-TLSs were determined. We found that immune cells in IgA-TLSs had higher levels of cellular interactions and migration ability. The expression of signal sequence receptor subunit 4 (SSR4) was characterized and found to higher expressed in the IgA-TLSs. Furthermore, IgA-TLSs correlated with age, differentiation, distant metastasis, TNM stage, chemotherapy effect, expression of programmed death-ligand 1, J-chain, and SSR4, and better overall survival. Conclusions: Our research provided the information about CD79A/J-chain B cells in GADC and indicated that IgA-TLSs was associated with better prognosis for GADC patients.
Risk Prediction Models for Erosive Wear in Preschool-aged Children: A Prospective Study
Authors: Gatt Gabriella , Attard Nikolai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDespite increasing prevalence, age specific risk predictive models for erosive tooth wear in preschool age children have not been developed. Identification of at risk groups and the timely introduction of behavioural change or treatment will stop the progression of erosive wear in the permanent dentition. The aim of this study was to identify age specific risk factors for erosive wear. Distinct risk prediction models for three year old and five year old children were developed.MethodsA prospective cohort study included clinical examinations and parent administered questionnaires for three and five-year-old children. Chi-square tests explored categorical demographic variables, Spearman Rank Order correlation tests examined changes in BEWE scores with changes in food frequencies while Wilcoxon signed rank tests evaluated the temporal effect of frequencies of consumption of dietary items. Mann-Whitney U tests compared changes in BEWE scores over time for the twenty-six bivariate categorical variables and Kruskall-Wallis tests compared changes in BEWE scores over time across the remaining 55 categorical variables representing demographic factors, oral hygiene habits and dietary habits. Change in BEWE scores for continuous variables was investigated using Spearman Rho correlation coefficient Test. Those variables showing significance with a difference in BEWE cumulative score over time were utilised to develop two risk prediction models. The models were evaluated by Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis.ResultsRisk factors for the three-year-old cohort included the erosive wear (χ2 (1, 92) = 12.829, p < 0.001), district (χ2 (5, 92) = 17.032, p = 0.004) and family size (χ2 (1, 92) = 4.547, p = 0.033). Risk factors for the five-year-old cohort also included erosive wear (χ2 (1, 144) = 4.768, p = 0.029) gender (χ2 (1, 144) = 19.399, p <0.001), consumption of iced tea (χ2 (1, 144) = 8.872, p = 0.003) and dry mouth (χ2 (1, 144) = 9.598, p = 0.002).Conclusions: Predictive risk factors for three-year-old children are based on demographic factors and are distinct from those for the five-year-old cohort, which are based on biological and behavioural factors. The presence of erosive wear is a risk factor for further wear in both age cohorts.
Physical Modeling of Semi-continuous Casting for Developing an Industrial Technology of Producing Ingots From New Deformable Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Bezrukikh Aleksandr Innokentyevich , Baranov Vladimir Nikolaevich , Konstantinov Igor Lazarevich , Yuryev Pavel Olegovich , Voroshilov Denis Sergeevich , Orelkina Tamara Aleksandrovna , Bondarenko Dmitriy Nikolaevich , Partyko Evgeniy Gennadyevich , Yanov Valentin Viktorovich , Stepanenko Nikita Andreevich , Baykovskiy Yuriy Viktorovich , Kongs Andrey Yuryevich , Mansurov Yulbarskhon Nabievich 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A physical model of a semi-continuous casting unit (SCCU) has been manufactured and tested, designed to develop a technology for casting flat and cylindrical ingots from experimental aluminum alloys for subsequent metal forming. The SCCU includes two induction melting furnaces with a tilting mechanism, a rotary mixer, a metal path system, a vertical casting machine, a jib crane, water supply, power supply, monitoring and control systems. SCCU testing was carried out on six heats of alloy 1580 of the Al-Mg system with the addition of scandium. In the first three ingots the scandium content was 0.05% (wt.). In the second series of three heats ingots with 0.075% (wt.) scandium were cast. The ingots had a high surface quality, did not have casting defects, and there were no inclusions of primary intermetallic compounds Al3(Sc, Zr) in the structure of the ingots. The bottom and runner parts of the ingots were cut off, all faces were milled and subjected to homogenization annealing in a two-stage mode: the first heating at 350 °C, 3 h, the second heating for 1 h to 425 °C, 4 h. Then the billets were hot rolled from 40 to 5 mm, annealed at 380 °C, 1 h, rolled at room temperature to a thickness of 1 mm and annealed at 350 °C, 3 h. After that, tensile mechanical properties were tested. The results of modeling ingot casting were tested in industrial conditions when casting a large ingot with a cross section of 2100×500 mm. A template was cut from the ingot with the dimensions of a billet for rolling, as that obtained from an experimental ingot cast at the SCCU. The billet was subjected to hot and cold rolling according to the conditions used for rolling the experimental ingot. At the same time the modes of heat treatment of sheet semi-finished products were also repeated. The mechanical properties of sheets of alloy 1580 rolled from experimental and industrial ingots practically did not differ. This proves the reliability of casting modes for ingots obtained at the SCCU and tested for casting industrial ingots.
Calpeptin Induces Apoptosis in A549 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Tabata Chiharu , Tabata Rie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and most are non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Since the overall survival remains very poor for NSCLC patients with advanced-stage disease, the development of novel treatments is needed. Previous studies reported a relationship between calpain and tumorigenesis. In this study, we examined the apoptotic effects of calpeptin (Cal), a calpain inhibitor, on A549 NSCLC cells. We assessed whether Cal induced apoptosis in A549 cells. Cal induced apoptosis in A549 cells and also activated p38MAPK. These results suggest a possible clinical use of Cal for the treatment of NSCLC.