bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of molecular testing on detecting mimics of oncocytic neoplasms in thyroid fine‐needle aspirates diagnosed as follicular neoplasm of Hürthle cell (oncocytic) type
Authors: Landau Michael S. , Nikiforov Yuri E. , Ohori N. Paul , Chiosea Simion I. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundSome thyroid nodules cytologically presenting as follicular neoplasm, Hürthle cell (Oncocytic) type (FNHCT), are not oncocytic tumors and represent autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) with TSHR, GNAS, and EZH1 mutations or oncocytic metaplasia. A to be defined subset of FNHCT harbors genome haploidisation‐type DNA copy number alterations (GH‐CNA). Molecular profiling of FNHCT may distinguish oncocytic neoplasms from its mimics.MethodsConsecutive fine‐needle aspirates of 180 thyroid nodules over 37 months diagnosed as FNHCT and tested by ThyroSeq v3 were identified. Histologic follow‐up was available for 79 of 180 nodules (44%).ResultsNo molecular alterations were found in 76 of 180 nodules (42%), of which 15 were resected (oncocytic metaplasia, n = 7; follicular oncocytic adenoma, n = 8). Of nodules followed without surgery, 17 of 101 (17%) showed TSHR, EZH1, and GNAS mutations of AFTNs. Papillary thyroid carcinoma was identified by BRAF V600E (n = 2) and hyalinizing trabecular adenoma by PAX8‐GLIS3 (n = 1). GH‐CNA alone was detected in 42 of 180 FNHCT nodules (23%), of which 29 were resected and histologically diagnosed as follicular oncocytic neoplasms. All remaining resected nodules were histologically proven oncocytic neoplasms: 1) RAS‐like alterations without GH‐CNA (n = 25) and 2) TERT and/or TP53 mutations co‐occurring with GH‐CNA (n = 6), including anaplastic thyroid carcinoma arising from follicular oncocytic carcinoma with TP53, TERT mutations with GH‐CNA (n = 2).ConclusionsA proportion of FNHCT nodules are AFTNs and oncocytic metaplasias, which can be suspected based on characteristic mutations or lack of alterations on molecular testing. Among resected FNHCTs, GH‐CNAs characterize approximately half of histologically confirmed follicular oncocytic neoplasms.
Coping with stress and personality: A study in pregnancies complicated by hypertension
Authors: Chapuis‐de‐Andrade Sabrina , Moret‐Tatay Carmen , Quarti Irigaray Tatiana , Breno Costa Dalton , Antonello Ivan Carlos Ferreira , Pinheiro da Costa Bartira Ercília 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this work is to investigate the role of personality in pregnancies complicated by hypertension, thru analysis of structure and associations between negative affect and coping strategies, and their role towards psychological distress.MethodA cross‐sectional study with 343 women, where 192 pregnancies complicated by hypertension, was carried out by employing the following tools: the five‐factor model (Big Five), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS‐21), and Jalowiec's Coping Inventory. Two complementary strategies were carried out: an exploratory approach on the interactions between latent variables and a confirmatory technique.ResultsCoping strategies seem to be dissociated in the hypertensive group, and these participants tend to use strategies according to their personality, mostly emotion focused, extraversion, and neuroticism. The extraversion model exclusively shows an acceptable goodness‐of‐fit after a structural equation modelling. A multigroup analysis reached a full metric invariance level for extraversion.ConclusionsThese results are of interest for both clinical and research settings. Prenatal screening and associated interventions may reduce perinatal negative affective states and related pregnancy complications.
Testcross vs. randomly paired single‐cross progeny tests for genomic prediction of new inbreds and hybrids derived from multiparent maize populations
Authors: Burdo Brett , de Leon Natalia , Kaeppler Shawn M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNew maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines are commonly evaluated based on the performance of their progeny when crossed to a single tester line from a different heterotic group (testcross), making tester choice critical. An alternative progeny test is pairing new lines between heterotic groups such that every parent is observed in one hybrid combination. This approach requires half the number of hybrids to test but the general combining ability (GCA) of each parent cannot be estimated. Genomic information can be used to partition parental GCA, while potentially enabling the prediction of dominance deviations. We evaluated doubled haploid lines extracted from two six‐parent synthetic populations from the Iodent (IO) and Stiff Stalk (SS) heterotic groups using either single crosses from random pairs of inbreds or testcrosses. Hybrids were evaluated for yield and agronomic traits in 2014 and 2015 in south‐central Wisconsin. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with each population type grown in two replicates within two environments. Coincidence of selection of the 25 top performing lines based on testcross yield and single‐cross hybrid yield was 48% for the SS and 11% for the IO doubled haploid lines, increasing to 56% for the SS and 56% for the IO with genomic prediction based on an additive genomic model. Partitioning dominance deviations with the model increased coincidence to 62% for the SS population. Genomic estimates of grain yield GCA in the single‐cross hybrids were significantly more correlated than phenotypic GCA to testcross values for the IO lines, but not SS. Natural and orthogonal interaction estimates of dominance variation were insignificant for all traits, indicating that the inability to partition dominance based on testcross performance should not be a major limitation to identification of high‐performing hybrids. Genomic information improves the prospects of using single‐cross hybrids made from random pairs of new inbreds as an efficient progeny test by allowing the recovery of parental GCA information.
Max–min fair robust beamforming design for underlay device‐to‐device communications in cellular networks
Authors: Alibeigi Maryam , Taherpour Abbas , Rahmani Mehdi 
Published: April 2021

SummaryThis paper investigates the robust downlink beamforming designs based on max–min fairness and base station (BS) power consumption constraint for device‐to‐device (D2D) communications underlaying cellular network, under the assumption of imperfect channel state information (CSI) at the BS. Our objective is to maximize the minimum signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) or non‐outage probability of users while guaranteeing that the consumed power at the BS is less than a threshold. In particular, three max–min fairness scenarios are considered. In the first scenario, the worst‐case SINR of cellular users (CUs) is maximized where the D2D SINR is guaranteed to be above a specified predetermined threshold. In the second scenario, we extend the first scenario and maximized D2D SINR while maximizing CUs' SINR. In these two scenarios, it is assumed that the errors are upper bounded in their Frobenius norms. In the third scenario, the minimum non‐outage probability of users is maximized, while a probabilistic model is considered for the uncertainty of channel covariance matrices. Although such optimization problems are not convex, the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) approach is used to obtain the optimal beamforming matrix, which always complies the rank‐one constraint. Simulation results show that significant improvement in terms of minimum SINR of CUs, the minimum non‐outage probability of CUs, and the probability of feasibility and the fairness index can be achieved with our proposed algorithms in comparison with other beamforming schemes.
Computational Modelling of Two Terminal CIGS/Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiency of 23.1 %
Authors: Kumar Anjan , Singh Sangeeta , Mohammed Mustafa K. A. , Shalan Ahmed Esmail 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAn appealing and feasible approach to develop an ultra‐high performance and price‐effective all‐thin‐film photovoltaic cell is to use a perovskite and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) in tandem configuration. In this simulation‐based study, an innovative 2‐terminal (2T) perovskite‐CIGS tandem solar cell has been proposed with extended cost savings, along with improved performance. First, a perovskite top cell with a bandgap of 1.5 eV and CIGS bottom subcell with 1.1 eV bandgap are simulated to have conversion efficiency of 16.69 and 15.98 %, respectively. The systems are tested for tandem configuration after setting the individual top and bottom subcells to correct values. To calculate the current matching point, both top and bottom absorber layer thicknesses are varied. The optimised thicknesses are 151 and 1000 nm for top and bottom subcells in the tandem cells. The top cell performance parameters are calculated by illuminating standard AM 1.5G solar spectrum keeping absorber thickness at 151 nm. While as, the bottom cell performance parameters are estimated using illumination of the filtered spectrum. The proposed tandem configuration composed of CIGS/CdS/ZnO/Spiro/Perovskite/C‐TiO2 showed a power conversion efficiency and open‐circuit voltage of 23.17 % and 1.646 volts, respectively. Consequently, we consider that the current study would deliver considerable progression in the field of CIGS/perovskite tandem photovoltaic cells, toward commercial applications.
Simultaneous Determination of Catechol and Hydroquinone on Nano‐Co/L‐Cysteine Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Huang Baomei , Yao Chengwei , Wang Enyang , Du Shizhang , Yang Jing , Lu Xiaoquan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this study, a novel and highly sensitive electrochemical method for simultaneous determination of catechol (CC) and hydroquinone (HQ) was developed, which worked at GCE modified with Nano cobalt (Nano‐Co) by electrodeposition and L‐Cysteine by electrochemical polymerization. The Nano‐Co/L‐Cysteine GCE was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), SEM and EIS. The excellent conditions have been selected including supporting electrolyte, pH, accumulation time and scan rate. The calibration curves of were obtained that the linear regression equation was I=0.0734c+6×10−6 in the range of 5.8 μM to 103 μM (R2=0.9942) for CC and the linear regression equation was I=0.0566c+5×10−6 in the range of 5.8 μM to 100 μM (R2=0.9967) for HQ. The obtained detection limits of CC and HQ both were 6×10−7 M. The modified electrode was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of CC and HQ in water samples.
Trust in physicians among patients with head and neck cancer before and after treatment
Authors: Highland Julie , Aylward Alana , Do Olivia , Monroe Marcus , Buchmann Luke 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about physician trust in patients with head and neck cancer. This study's aim is to evaluate trust pre‐ and post‐treatment.MethodsA study was conducted of 50 patients with head and neck cancer at a tertiary referral center. Surveys administered before and after treatment included several validated survey tools including the Trust in Oncologist Scale Short Form.ResultsThere was an increase in overall trust scores (p < 0.001). Female patients (p = 0.034) and those who received chemotherapy (p = 0.001) were less trusting post‐treatment. Patients with more comorbidities (p = 0.045) and progression of disease (p = 0.029) had higher final trust than those without. Patients with high initial distress scores showed a decrease in trust (p = 0.023).ConclusionsPatients with head and neck cancer trust their surgeon more after completion of treatment, with specific characteristics having a variable impact on trust scores.
Management of sustainable ecological water levels of endorheic salt lakes in the Inner Mongolian Plateau of China based on eco‐hydrological processes
Authors: Xing Ziqiang , Huang Huojian , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Shanshan , Wang Ding , Yuan Yong , Zhao Zhongnan , Bu Lisheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHydrologic regime plays an important role in maintaining aquatic ecosystem structures and biogeochemical processes of endorheic salt lakes. Due to joint influences of regional climate change, runoff regulation and water withdrawal, ecological water deficiency has been increasingly prominent in endorheic salt lakes in Northwest China, especially in the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Previous studies mainly focused on establishing and applying methods to determine ecological water levels of lakes, while much less attention was paid to a more important problem – how such water levels could be reached under changed watershed hydrological processes. Solutions of this gap were explored in this study using the Dalinuoer Lake as an example. This lake is a typical endorheic salt lake located in the Inner Mongolian Plateau. It is a critical source to provide important ecological services and economic values for locals. Its ecological water level to maintain the optimum salinity threshold was first calculated by applying a statistical analysis of relationships between the phytoplankton biomass, salinity and water level of the lake. Potential measures to preserve the ecological water level of the lake were subsequently evaluated based on a hydrological process analysis of the watershed. The results indicated that the optimum salinity threshold was 5.7 g/L. This value should be also valid for other endorheic salt lakes in this region. According to a function between the water storage and the mean water depth of this lake, the ecological water level was determined to be 10.28 m with an ecological water deficit of 2.5 × 108 m3. A basin water balance analysis using the results proposed measures to maintain a sustainable ecological water level, including controlling local water consumption and infusing ecological water. The results of this study could be extrapolated to other similar conditions to provide guidance for policy‐makers, so that better decisions could be hopefully forged to protect eco‐hydrological processes of endorheic salt lakes in the Mongolian Plateau, as well as other comparable scenarios.
Upfront transplantation may have better outcomes than pretransplant cytoreductive therapy for treating patients with MDS‐EB‐1 or MDS‐EB‐2
Authors: Chen Yili , Huang Fen , Xuan Li , Zhang Yu , Fan Zhiping , Xu Na , Zhao Ke , Xu Jun , Liu Hui , Shi Pengcheng , Wang Zhixiang , Sun Jing , Zheng Weiyang , Dai Min , Liu Qifa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhether patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) benefit from pretransplant cytoreductive therapy remains controversial. Our study compared the outcomes of upfront transplantation with those of pretransplant cytoreductive therapy in the patients who received transplantation and those who dropped out due to cytoreductive therapy‐related adverse effects. Patients with MDS‐EB‐1 or MDS‐EB‐2 were enrolled and divided into three groups based on therapy pretransplantation: upfront transplantation (upfront, n = 54), induction chemotherapy (CT, n = 66) and hypomethylating agents (HMA, n = 37) alone. One hundred fifty‐seven patients were enrolled and 124 received allo‐HSCT, with 5.6%, 28.8% and 29.7% of drop‐out rate of transplantation in upfront, CT and HMA groups (P = .030), respectively. Overall therapy‐related mortality (TRM), cytoreductive therapy and transplant‐related mortality was 13.0%, 32.4% and 28.4% (P = .028), and 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 73.6%, 43.4% and 46.9% (P = .033). Multivariate analysis showed that CT and HMA were risk factors for TRM and OS, and transplantation was a protective factor for OS. In transplant patients, 3‐year cumulative incidence of relapse was 10.6%, 20.4% and 20.3% (P = .033), 5‐year TRM was 14.5%, 20.0% and 17.6% (P = .651), OS was 77.3%, 64.3% and 68.8% (P = .047) and DFS was 74.0%, 63.0% and 65.8% (P = .042). Multivariate analysis showed that CT was a risk factor for DFS, while CT, HMA and poor karyotype were risk factors for relapse. Results suggested that pretransplant cytoreductive therapy was not associated with better outcomes in the patients who had undergone transplantation. Therefore, upfront transplantation may be preferable for MDS patients.
The effect of time outdoors on veterans receiving treatment for PTSD
Authors: Bettmann Joanna E. , Prince Kort C. , Ganesh Kamala , Rugo Kelsi F. , Bryan AnnaBelle O. , Bryan Craig J. , Rozek David C. , Leifker Feea R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesDuration, frequency, and intensity of nature exposure link to different physical and psychological benefits. The present study aimed to determine how time outdoors affected military veterans’ posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomology during PTSD treatment.MethodHypotheses regarding time outdoors and the effect of program duration on PTSD symptoms were examined using multilevel models. The authors hypothesized that hours outdoors, both within‐ and between‐persons, would predict reduced PTSD symptomology, program duration would predict reduced PTSD symptomology, and that hours outdoors and program duration would be significant when accounting for the other.ResultsThe present study found that time outdoors correlated with participants’ decreased PTSD symptomology: the more time participants spent outdoors, the greater the reduction in their PTSD symptoms.ConclusionThe effect of time outdoors was significant within‐person, not between persons, suggesting that nature exposure may be used as an adjunct to traditional mental health treatment where exposure or dosage should be person‐specific.
Long noncoding RNAs in intestinal homeostasis, regeneration, and cancer
Authors: Yadav Vipin K. , Kumar Amit , Tripathi Prem P. , Gupta Jalaj 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSignaling pathways that regulate homeostasis and regeneration are found to be deregulated in various human malignancies. Accordingly, attempts have been made to target them at the protein level with little success. However, studies using high‐throughput sequencing technologies suggest that only about 2% of the genome translates into proteins, whereas about 75% of the genome is transcribed into noncoding RNAs. Among noncoding RNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have received tremendous attention in recent years as a crucial player in the regulation of almost all cellular processes involved in tissue homeostasis as well as in the development of various malignancies, including intestinal cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs play an instrumental role in the regulation of intestinal stem cells, injury‐induced regeneration, and initiation and progression of intestinal tumors. Here, we summarize the recently discovered lncRNAs during intestinal homeostasis, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. We further present lncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in intestinal pathologies.
Propofol attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating the MALAT1/miR‐126‐5p axis
Authors: Li Xuyang , Zhang Zhan , Li Aipeng , Hu Yubo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundPropofol (PPF) plays a protective role in ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) in multiple organs, including renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (RIRI). The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which PPF exerts its protective functions in RIRI.MethodsBALB/c mice were employed for the construction of RIRI animal model. PPF pre‐treatment was carried out before I/R. An in vitro I/R model was established with HK‐2 cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) culture, and PPF was utilized to treat the cells before H/R. A quantitative‐polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was conducted to detect long non‐coding RNA metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and miR‐126‐5p expression levels. Flow cytometry was adopted to detect the apoptosis of HK‐2 cells. Bioinformatics analysis, qPCR, a luciferase reporter gene experiment and a RNA immunoprecipitation experiment were used to determine the regulatory relationship between MALAT1 and miR‐126‐5p. The expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was examined by western blotting.ResultsMALAT1 expression was augmented and miR‐126‐5p was decreased in RIRI models. PPF pre‐treatment remarkably reduced creatinine and urea nitrogen levels in the serum of BALB/c mice with RIRI, and diminished the apoptosis of HK‐2 cells treated with H/R. In addition, PPF pre‐treatment markedly restrained the expression of MALAT1 in both in vivo and in vitro models and up‐regulated miR‐126‐5p expression. MALAT1 could adsorb miR‐126‐5p to repress it and up‐regulate VEGFA. MALAT1 overexpression reversed the protective effects of PPF on RIRI.ConclusionsPPF protects the kidney against RIRI by inhibiting MALAT1 and up‐regulating miR‐126‐5p expression, as well as indirectly inhibiting the expression of VEGFA.
Dysbiosis revisited: Understanding the role of the oral microbiome in the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis: A critical assessment
Authors: Scannapieco Frank A. , Dongari‐Bagtzoglou Anna 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis commentary provides background, historical context, and a critical assessment of the concept that microbial dysbiosis drives the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. It is long known that periodontal pathogenesis is dependent on tooth‐borne microbial biofilms (dental plaque) that trigger host inflammation resulting in periodontal destruction and tooth loss in some patients. Ecological principles governing plaque biofilm development, along with localized host responses, are both rooted in evolution. Interpretation of available evidence suggests that, in most patients, alveolar bone loss results from interactions of a highly diverse commensal microbiota with the host, and not from “overgrowth” of a few “pathobionts” that results in a “dysbiosis.” Most previously described dysbiotic chronic diseases, for example, inflammatory bowel diseases and dermatitis, are characterized by decreased microbial diversity (likely due to frank overgrowth of one or a few microbial taxa). Most common forms of periodontitis do not appear to conform to this general principle, and the associated microbiome in fact almost always shows increased bacterial diversity compared with periodontal health. This diversity is driven by interactions of genetic and environmental factors working in concert within specific windows of time. Periodontal pathogenesis is likely the result of “personalized pathology,” insofar as each patient likely has a variable constellation of microbes and host risk factors influencing specific tissue sites where disease activity occurs, and during a limited window of time (a tissue‐destructive “burst”). The concept of cooperative virulence of higher abundance commensals in periodontal pathogenesis, which does not conform to the model of dysbiosis observed for other diseases, is discussed.