bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO APLICADO EM INDICADORES DE DESERTIFICAÇÃO NO MUNICIPIO DE PARELHAS – RN
Authors: De Melo Albuquerque Paulo Igor , Bezerra Rodrigues João Paulo , Peixoto Filipe Da Silva , Miranda Mateus De Paula 
Published: June 2021

Este estudo buscou caracterizar e mapear áreas onde há processo desertificação se encontra mais avançado em Parelhas. Para isso, foram utilizadas imagens de satélite Landsat - 8, sensor OLI. As imagens onde são datadas de 29/09/2016 e 12/06/2017, correspondendo ao período seco, e final do período chuvoso, respectivamente. Foi realizado procedimento de Pré–processamento: correção radiométrica e fusão de bandas para o refinamento da resolução espacial para 15 metros. Na etapa processamento foi aplicado o Normalize Difference Vegetation Index – NDVI para identificar as áreas de maiores atividades fotossintéticas da vegetação, e assim, mensurar o potencial fitoestabilizador no ambiente. Para calibração da classificação da imagem, foram realizadas análises pontuais de 9 pontos de controle que possuiam diferentes valores de NDVI. Foram identificadas áreas em avançado processo de desertificação que permitiu a vetorização e mapeamento. Outros setores onde que a reposta do NDVI foram consideradas mediana a alta (>0,21) foi reconhecido o papel fitoestabiliador da vegetação, impedindo que haja uma alta taxa de erosão e retirada das camadas e horizontes superficiais. A metodologia aplicada pode ser direcionada para áreas diversas para refinar informações sobre a desertificação, além do monitoramento e subsídios para políticas de recuperação ambiental em áreas estratégicas para contenção.
Peran Manusia di Bumi Sebagai Khalifah Dalam Perubahan Sosial
Authors: Furqon Furqon 
Published: June 2021

Dalam penelitian ini akan lebih jauh dibahas bagaimana peran manusia sebagai khalifah di muka bumi dalam perubahan sosial. Perumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah; 1) bagaimana peran manusia sebagai khalifah di bumi?; 2) bagaimana peran manusia di bumi sebagai khalifah dalam perubahan sosial? Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah; 1) untuk mengetahui peran manusia sebagai khalifah di bumi; 2) manusia sebagai khalifah dalam perubahan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif jenis dengan jenis penelitian studi pustaka. Penelitian kepustakaan di lakukan melalui buku, majalah, jurnal, internet dan sebagainya. Selain itu dengan melakukan studi pengamatan dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil yang ditemukan yaitu; 1) bahwa perubahan sosial yang buat oleh ulah tangan manusia sendiri sering kali dilibatkan dengan hal takdir, seperti perubahan sosial dalam masyarakat adalah kondisi ekonomi masyarakat. Tugas kita sebagai khalifah atau manusia di bumi adalah meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat dengan melalui perubahan sosial menggunakan media alat dakwah. 2) manusia adalah khalifah di muka bumi, tugas khalifah dalam Al Qur’an biasa disebut imaratul ardh (memakmurkan bumi) dan ibadatullah (beribadah kepada Allah). Allah menciptakan manusia dari bumi ini dan menugaskan manusia untuk melakukan imarah dimuka bumi dengan mengelola dan memeliharanya.
Interacting tipping elements increase risk of climate domino effects under global warming
Authors: Wunderling Nico , Donges Jonathan F. , Kurths Jürgen , Winkelmann Ricarda 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. With progressing global warming, there is an increased risk that one or several tipping elements in the climate system might cross a critical threshold, resulting in severe consequences for the global climate, ecosystems and human societies. While the underlying processes are fairly well-understood, it is unclear how their interactions might impact the overall stability of the Earth's climate system. As of yet, this cannot be fully analysed with state-of-the-art Earth system models due to computational constraints as well as some missing and uncertain process representations of certain tipping elements. Here, we explicitly study the effects of known physical interactions among the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and the Amazon rainforest using a conceptual network approach. We analyse the risk of domino effects being triggered by each of the individual tipping elements under global warming in equilibrium experiments. In these experiments, we propagate the uncertainties in critical temperature thresholds, interaction strengths and interaction structure via large ensembles of simulations in a Monte Carlo approach. Overall, we find that the interactions tend to destabilise the network of tipping elements. Furthermore, our analysis reveals the qualitative role of each of the four tipping elements within the network, showing that the polar ice sheets on Greenland and West Antarctica are oftentimes the initiators of tipping cascades, while the AMOC acts as a mediator transmitting cascades. This indicates that the ice sheets, which are already at risk of transgressing their temperature thresholds within the Paris range of 1.5 to 2 ∘C, are of particular importance for the stability of the climate system as a whole.
Faster decline and higher variability in the sea ice thickness of the marginal Arctic seas when accounting for dynamic snow cover
Authors: Mallett Robbie D. C. , Stroeve Julienne C. , Tsamados Michel , Landy Jack C. , Willatt Rosemary , Nandan Vishnu , Liston Glen E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Mean sea ice thickness is a sensitive indicator of Arctic climate change and is in long-term decline despite significant interannual variability. Current thickness estimations from satellite radar altimeters employ a snow climatology for converting range measurements to sea ice thickness, but this introduces unrealistically low interannual variability and trends. When the sea ice thickness in the period 2002–2018 is calculated using new snow data with more realistic variability and trends, we find mean sea ice thickness in four of the seven marginal seas to be declining between 60 %–100 % faster than when calculated with the conventional climatology. When analysed as an aggregate area, the mean sea ice thickness in the marginal seas is in statistically significant decline for 6 of 7 winter months. This is observed despite a 76 % increase in interannual variability between the methods in the same time period. On a seasonal timescale we find that snow data exert an increasingly strong control on thickness variability over the growth season, contributing 46 % in October but 70 % by April. Higher variability and faster decline in the sea ice thickness of the marginal seas has wide implications for our understanding of the polar climate system and our predictions for its change.
Authors: Despitasari Lola 
Published: June 2021

Based on data from Reksodiwiryo Padang Hospital in 2017, an increase in stroke patients hospitalized in 2017 amounted to 208 people, an increase in 2018 amounting to 375 people. The purpose of this study was to relationship hypertension with the incidence of recurrent stroke in post-stroke patients in the Polyclinic Hospital. Reksodiwiryo in 2019. This type of analytic research with cross sectional design. The population in this study were stroke patients who visited the Polyclinic Hospital. Kindergarten. III. Padang Reksodiwiryo in May 2019 totaled 389 people with a sample of 80 people. The sampling technique was accidental sampling. This study was analyzed univariately using a frequency distribution table and bivariate using the Chi-Square statistical test. The results showed more than half (52.5%) of respondents had recurrent strokes. More than half (51.3%) had hypertension. There is a relationship of hypertension with the incidence of recurrent stroke in post-stroke patients (p value 0.002)Through this research, health service institutions and medical staff can become educators, facilitators in preventing re-stroke by providing information relating to controlling risk factors and the impact of re-stroke.
Uji Efek Antioksidan Formulasi Nanoemulsi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Parang Romang (Boehmeria virgata)
Authors: - Magfirah - 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKUpaya menangkal terjadinya penyakit degeneratif akibat terakumulasi radikal bebas, salah satunya adalah pemanfaatan daun parang romang (Boehmeria virgata) yang memiliki potensi kandungan antioksidan yang diformulasikan dalam sediaan nanoemulsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan formulasi nanoemulsi ekstrak etanol daun parang romang. Daun Parang romang diekstraksi secara maserasi.selanjutnya diformulasi menjadi sediaan nanoemulsi dengan metode simple lattice design. Spektrofotometer UV-Vis digunakan untuk mengukur aktivitas antioksidan.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH pembanding kuersetin dan formulasi nanaoemulsi masing-masing diperoleh nilai IC50 yaitu 19,82 μg /mL dan 96,36 μg /ml. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa formulasi nanoemulsi ekstrak daun parang romang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat. Kata Kunci : Daun Parang romang, Nanoemulsi, Antioksidan, DPPH.
Kebangkitan Ekonomi China Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Beberapa Negara Di Kawasan Asia
Authors: Santoso Bambang 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hal-hal yang mendasari kebangkitan ekonomi negara China. Dewasa ini China telah dikenal luas sebagai raksasa ekonomi di asia dalam perekonomian dunia. Dengan memainkan berbagai peran, sebagai produsen, pemasok, pesaing, pembaharu dan penyedia sumber daya manusia yang handal, China akan mendominasi perekonomian dunia. Menjadi pemain yang tangguh dalam penekanan biaya produksi, peningkatan teknologi dan jasa, serta memiliki ketahanan ekonomi yang kuat dalam memajukan negara.Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah tipe penulisan deskriptif dengan penelitian kualitatif. Dalam penulisan ini penulis menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari sejumlah literatur dan dituliskan dengan menggunakan teknik penulisan deduktif.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan ekonomi yang dicapai oleh China tidak lepas dari berbagai aspek yakni, strategi pembangunan berjangka dan mitra dagang yang dijalin dengan dunia internasional. Strategi pembangunan berjangka yang diterapkan oleh China sangat mengedepankan zona-zona industrinya. Hal ini membuat perkembangan perekonomian China menjadi pusat perhatian dunia. Kata Kunci: Kebangkitan Ekonomi China, Gaige Kaifang, Konsep Pembangunan IlmiahABSTRACT This study aims to determine the things that underlie the country's economic rise of China. Nowadays China is widely regarded as an economic giant in Asia in the world economy. By playing a variety of roles, as a manufacturer, supplier, competitor, innovator and provider of qualified human resources, China will dominate the world economy. Be a formidable player in the production cost reduction, improved technology and services, as well as having a strong economic resilience in developing countries.The method used is the type of writing descriptive qualitative research . In this paper the author uses secondary data obtained from a number of literature and writing written using deductive techniques.This study suggests that the economic growth achieved by China can not be separated from the various aspects of the development strategy and futures trading partners are woven with the international community. Term development strategy adopted by China is promoting its industrial zones. This makes the development of the Chinese economy into the world limelight. Keywords: Evocation Economics of China, Gaige Kaifang, Scientific DevelopmentConcept
Penguatan Sistem Keamanan Amerika Serikat Dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Wabah Ebola Pada Tahun 2014
Authors: Haryani Nungky 
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini membahas tentang penguatan sistem keamanan Amerika Serikat dalam upaya penanggulangan penyebaran Wabah Ebola pada tahun 2014. Tujuan penulisan penelitian ini adalah, (1) Mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan virus Ebola tahun 2014 sehingga menjadi ancaman ancaman bersama,(2) Mengetahui bagaimana upaya Amerika Serikat dalam penanggulangan virus Ebola di Afrika Barat di Amerika Serikat. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep ancaman transnasional, keamanan nasional, dan Human Security. Metode Penelitian menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan format penelitian studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik studi pustaka, untuk membantu penulis dalam mengumpulkan data penelitian.Hasil penelitian ini adalah penyebaran virus Ebola yang meluas tahun 2014, disebabkan mudahnya penularan virus dari satu orang ke orang lain, selain itu didukung adanya globalisasi yang memudahkan perpindahan orang, barang, dsb sehingga virus Ebola dapat menyebar. Penyebaran virus Ebola yang semakin meluas, menuntut negara-negara di dunia termasuk Amerika Serikat untuk menanggulangi penyebarannya, baik di dalam negeri ataupun luar negeri. Keywords: Virus Ebola, Transnational Threat, National Security, and Human Security
Upaya Penanganan Tingkat Perdagangan Satwa Liar oleh Pemeritah Indonesia Pada Tahun 2013-2016
Authors: Khoirunnisa Ani , Pricille Pricille 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTWildlife trade is a wild trade in protected animals without regard to the existing rules. Some people are still buying and selling animals protected illegally, both buying and selling transactions that are alive to be maintained , or in the form of animals that have been preseerved. In fact, the trade in these animals has caused considerable losses for Indonesia. This wildlife trade cae is not carried out only by individuals but there is an organized as consumers of every product from wild animals. Therefore one of the efforts made by Indonesia is to conduct various international collaborations, because in responding to the case of wildlife trade, it is not enough only from law enforcement, and involving more than one country, international coopeeration is needed.The research method that writer used is a qualitative method with a descriptive type of research approach that is by describing phenomenas that occur to find out the efforts of the Indonesia government in handling the level of wildlife trade in the period 2013-2016.With the cooperation efforts carried out by the Indonesia government to help cover the shortcomings and constraints faced by the Indonesian government regarding the lack of human resources and also substantial financial resources to overcome the practice of wildlife trade. Keywords: Wildlife Trade, Green Politics, International Cooperation, International Organizations
Peranan Asian Development Bank Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Faadhilah Salsabila , Wijaya Syafira Maulina , Rahma Almira , Firdaus Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui mengenai peranan Asian Development Bank terhadap pertumbuhan perekonomian di Indonesia. Sebagaimana yang kita ketahui Asian Development Bank (ADB) atau yang dikenal juga sebagai Bank Pembangunan Asia adalah sebuah lembaga keuangan multilateral dengan tujuan untuk menangani dan memerangi kasus kemiskinan yang ada di negara-negara Asia dan juga pasifik, Lembaga perbankan internasional tentunya memiliki peran krusial dan juga penting dalam melakukan perbaikan serta peningkatan ekonomi dan pembangunan di suatu negara, kemudian bagaimana cara mereka berperan dan apa saja perannya dalam rangka meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi adalah hal yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian kali ini. Penelitian kali ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam menjelaskan masalah-masalah yang ada dalam penelitiannya dan dalam pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan sumber-sumber seperti jurnal, buku-buku, serta website institusi resmi. Hasil dari pembahasan penelitian yang kami lakukan menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya Asian Development Bank (ADB) memiliki pengaruh yang penting untuk keberlangsungan pembangunan dan stabilitas ekonomi bagi negara-negara Asia, termasuk Indonesia. ADB banyak membantu Indonesia dalam berbagai bidang
Short Communication Response of Rice to Zn Application Under Salt Affected Soil in Hafizabad District, Pakistan
Authors: Arshadullah Muhammad , Ali Arshad , Hyder Syed Ishtiaq , Mahmood Imdad Ali , Zaman Badr-uz- 
Published: June 2021

The effect of different levels of Zn (0, 5, 10 and 15 kg/ha) was evaluated on growth and ionic concentration of rice variety (cv. CM.204 ) directly sown on raised bed under saline-sodic soil. Tillering, number of grains/spike, 1000 grain weight and paddy yield significantly (p = 0.05) increased with the increase in the rate of Zn application. Paddy yield was the maximum at the application of 15 kg Zn/ha, being 29% more than the control treatment. The maximum number of tillers/hill (62), number of grains/spike
(121) and 1000 grain weight (26.40 g) were recorded with Zn application @ 15 kg/ha. The maximum paddy yield (7906 kg/ha) was attained @ 15 kg Zn/ha. The maximum Zn (45 ppm) in grain was determined from treatment receiving 15 kg Zn/ha followed by 10 kg Zn/ha (38 ppm).
Peste Des Petits Ruminants of Goats, Outbreak and Economic Losses : A Case Study
Authors: Islam Ausraful , Singh Amitav , Islam Mohammad Amirul , Majumder  Shankar 
Published: June 2021

In the determination of outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and the economic losses caused by the disease 1392 distributed goats at Dimla thana of Nilfamari district, purchased from different markets, were studied during March, 2007 to May, 2007. Among the distributed goats, 54.7% died before treatment, 14.7% died after treatment and 30.6% survived after treatment. Survival rate was 67.51%. Maximum number (77.6%) of goats died before treatment in the flocks of Modhupur. Survival rate of the treated goats in the locally purchased flock was the highest (98.9%) whereas that in the goats purchased from Lalmonirhat was the lowest (34.3%). Survival percentage of the non-vaccinated goats was higher (71.60%) than that of the vaccinated goats (64.95%). Among the treated goats, 7.9% were pregnant, 4.4% of them aborted and 3.5% remained pregnant though they were infected. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) was observed in 2.5% PPR infected goats. The total economic loss was estimated at Bangladesh Tk 10,16434 ($ 14520.49). Locally collected goats had the highest probability (80.6%) of survival after treatment whereas those collected from Rangpur had the highest probability (81.3%) of death before treatment. Probability that the goats will die after treatment was the highest among the goats purchased from Lalmonirhat (59.5%). Survival of goats was significantly (P<0.05) associated with place of purchase. Goats purchased from the local areas were 26.8 times more likely to survive than those collected from Modhupur. Goats of Lalmonirhat were 1.993 times more likely to survive than those of Modhupur
Perception of Racial and Intersectional Discrimination in the Workplace Is High Among Black Orthopaedic Surgeons: Results of a Survey of 274 Black Orthopaedic Surgeons in Practice
Authors: Ode Gabriella E. , Brooks Jaysson T. , Middleton Kellie K. , Carson Eric W. , Porter Scott E. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
There are approximately 573 practicing Black orthopaedic surgeons in the United States, which represents 1.9% overall. The purpose of this study was to describe this underrepresented cohort within the field of orthopaedic surgery and to report their perception of occupational opportunity and workplace discrimination.

Methods:
An anonymous survey was administered to 455 practicing orthopaedic surgeons who self-identify as Black. The 38-question electronic survey requested demographic and practice information and solicited perspectives on race and racial discrimination in current orthopaedic practices and general views regarding occupational opportunity and discrimination.

Results:
The survey was completed by 274 Black orthopaedic surgeons (60%). Over 97% of respondents believe that Black orthopaedic surgeons in the United States face workplace discrimination. Most Black orthopaedic surgeons (94%) agreed that racial discrimination in the workplace is a problem but less than 20% agreed that the leaders of national orthopaedic organizations are trying sincerely to end it. Black female orthopaedic surgeons reported lower occupational opportunity and higher discrimination than Black male orthopaedic surgeons across all survey items.

Discussion:
This study is the first to report on the workplace environment and the extent of discrimination experienced by Black surgeons, specifically Black orthopaedic surgeons in the United States. Most respondents, particularly female respondents, agreed that racial discrimination and diminished occupational opportunity are pervasive in the workplace and reported experiencing various racial microaggressions in practice.
Vidas que se cruzam na pedagogia do insulto: uma análise das vivências escolares de pessoas LGBTQIA
Authors: Oliveira Júnior Isaias Batista de , Ferreira Diego Raone 
Published: June 2021

A pedagogia do insulto atinge inúmeros estudantes LGBTQIA – Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis, Transexuais, Transgêneros, Queer, Questionadores, Intersexos, Indecisos, Assexuados e Aliados, e representa estratégias que (re)produzem preconceitos, discriminações, violências e retirada de direitos elementares. Nesse sentido, questionamo-nos: de que maneira ela se manifesta nas vivências escolares, em desatendimento ao que a sociedade convencionou como norma? A fim de responder ao problema proposto, temos como objetivo analisar os relatos das vivências escolares de 118 participantes que se reconhecem como pessoas LGBTQIA. Para tanto, recorremos à análise de conteúdo sob o viés das seguintes categorias: interditos da diversidade sexual; des/contextualizando a LGBTQIAfobia; re/des/construindo estereótipos de gênero, as quais discutimos com base nos Estudos Culturais, nos estudos de gênero e na ordem do discurso. Concluímos que os padrões normalizadores adotados pela escola excluem aqueles considerados diferentes, impactando diretamente na esfera dos sentimentos, da dignidade e do desempenho escolar.
Innovative approaches to teaching vascular access to nursing students in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Marchionni Caroline , Connolly Madolyn , Gauthier Mélanie , Lavoie-Tremblay Mélanie 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: For the student nurse, peripheral venous cannulation is one of the most stressful skills to be learned. Although some healthcare employers/establishments offer courses on vascular access and infusion nursing as part of their onboarding programs, ultimately educational institutions should share the responsibility to ensure that graduating nurses can provide safe infusion therapies. Methods: An innovative vascular access and infusion nursing (VAIN) curriculum was created and mapped onto the entry-to-practice undergraduate nursing program at McGill University in Montréal, Québec, Canada. This presented an opportunity to implement new teaching approaches. Results: Students experienced multiple new teaching approaches including multimedia and experiential learning and live simulation to ensure acquisition of knowledge and psychomotor skills. The teaching approaches had to be rapidly modified with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The VAIN curriculum emphasizes simulation and directed practice, seeking to increase competence, confidence, and knowledge. The pandemic underscored the need for flexibility and creativity in content delivery.