bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between swimming performance and isokinetic shoulder strength of elite swimmers
Authors: Wiażewicz Aleksander , Eider Jerzy 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe aims of the study were to determine the relationship between the shoulder muscles strength and the athletic performance of high-level swimmers and to detect the strength variables that had the biggest impact on high performance in sports swimming.MethodsThe study involved 39 high qualified swimmers (12 females and 27 males). To determine the strength variables, shoulder flexion and extension were carried out in isokinetic conditions. A Biodex S4 dynamometer was used. The following protocols were applied: (1) 3 repetitions, 60°/s; (2) 20 repetitions, 180°/s. The r-Pearson correlation analysis or the rho-Spearman correlation analysis were used. The family-wise error was checked.ResultsThe level of strength had a greater influence on the swimming performance in males (25 of the 68 obtained variables) than in females (18 of the 68 variables). The strength variables that had the biggest impact on high performance in sports swimming were peak torque (<i>r</i>: 0.39–0.633), total work (<i>r</i>: 0.408–0.692), average power (<i>r</i>: 0.44–0.739), and average peak torque (<i>r</i>: 0.456–0.72).ConclusionsRegardless of the respondents’ gender or the analysed shoulder movement, the following variables were repeated: peak torque, total work, average power, and average peak torque. Unfortunately, the results were not statistically significant. Only acceleration time of the left shoulder in the arm flexion movement in males was significant. Despite this, once the muscular groups are similar for the listed strength variables, the swimmer’s capability to produce force out of water seems to help them perform better in the water.
De ambiguïteit van ‘postseculiere’ en ‘postmetafysische’ verhalen
Authors: Vanheeswijck Guido 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

The Ambiguity of ‘Post-Secular’ and ‘Post-Metaphysical’ Stories:

On the Place of Religion and Deep Commitments in a Secular Society

Words are always important, all over the world. On October 15, 1989, Vaclav Havel underlined their utmost importance in his acceptance speech of the Peace Prize of the German Booksellers Association, entitled ‘A Word about Words’. But he gave us at once a warning: ‘The same word can be humble at one moment and arrogant the next. And a humble word can be transformed easily and imperceptibly into an arrogant one, whereas it is a difficult and protracted process to transform an arrogant word into one that is humble.’
In this essay, my intention is to focus on two words, ‘post-secular’ and ‘post-metaphysical’, as coined by Jürgen Habermas. I would like to raise the question whether they are still humble words or whether they are already surreptitiously transformed into arrogant ones. Undoubtedly, Habermas sees the words ‘post-secular’ and ‘post-metaphysical’ as intertwined and he originally framed them as humble expressions of a balanced position. But both words are poly-interpretable. They can be humble at one moment and arrogant the next. Since words are never innocent and their interpretation determines which view on the role of world-views, including religions, will prevail in contemporary society, a painstaking interpretation of both words is important.
Mainly inspired by Charles Taylor’s approach, I will trace the consequences of divergent interpretations of these two words as to the role of religious (part I) and metaphysical arguments or ‘deep commitments’ (part II) in the current debate on the place of religion in the public sphere. I will suggest that the controversy around the interpretation of both words is not only due to different epistemological premises, but to divergent political stances as well (part III). Finally, I will claim that achieving mutual respect and tolerance in this regard is less amenable to the neutrality of procedural rationality than to the imaginative force of subtle words (part IV).
Khadim Bamba Diagne (2020) - La vision économique du mouridisme dans l’histoire de la pensée économique
Authors: Ngom Saliou 
Published: June 2021

Recensé : Khadim Bamba, Diagne, La vision économique du mouridisme dans l’histoire de la pensée économique, Dakar, L’Harmattan, 2020, 221 p.
STUDI LITERATUR: TEORI PERKEMBANGAN KARIR DONALD EDWIN SUPER
Authors: Bela Janare Putra  
Published: June 2021

Selama musim dingin pertama di Polandia, Super kehilangan kakaknya karena penyakit fatal. Semenjak itu, Super mengembangkan a rational intellect dan an iron will yang menjadi mekanisme penanganan utamanya. Ia mengandalkan sifat-sifat ini sambil bersekolah di asrama di Jenewa. Setelah lulus, ia kuliah di Oxford University dan menerima gelar BA dalam sejarah ekonomi. Teori self-concept merupakan bagian yang sangat penting dari pendekatan Super terhadap perilaku vokasional. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vocational self-concept berkembang melalui pertumbuhan fisik dan mental, observasi kehidupan bekerja, mengidentifikasi orang dewasa yang bekerja, lingkungan umum, dan pengalaman pada umumnya. Pada akhirnya, perbedaan dan persamaan antara diri sendiri dan orang lain akan terasimilasi. Berdasarkan teori yang dikemukakan oleh Super, kelebihannya ialah Setiap individu memiliki potensi, sehingga seseoarang yang memiliki keterampilan dan bakat yang mampu mereka kembangkan menjadikan mereka mampu di berbagai tugas. Selain itu dapat membantu siswa atau seseorang memperjelas konsep diri. Mewujudkan konsep diri dalam suatu bidang yang paling diinginkan untuk mengekspresikan diri sendiri dan juga berkaitan dengan pilihan terhadap peran yang dimiliki, tersedianya kesempatan untuk mengambil keputusan sepanjang hidup serta dapat mengetahui tahap perkembangan karir jelas.

Kata Kunci: Karir, Donald Edwin Super
Measurement report: Altitudinal variation of cloud condensation nuclei activation across the Indo-Gangetic Plain prior to monsoon onset and during peak monsoon periods: results from the SWAAMI field campaign
Authors: Manoj Mohanan R. , Satheesh Sreedharan K. , Moorthy Krishnaswamy K. , Trembath Jamie , Coe Hugh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Vertical distributions (altitude profiles) of condensation nuclei (CN) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and their
spatial variations across the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) have been
investigated based on airborne measurements carried out during the SWAAMI field campaign (June to July 2016) capturing the contrasting phases of the
Indian monsoon activity in 2016 just prior to its onset and during its active phase. Prior to the monsoon onset, high concentrations of CN and CCN
prevailed across the IGP, and the profiles revealed frequent occurrence of elevated layers (in the altitude range 1–3 km). Highest concentrations and
elevated peaks with high values occurred over the central IGP. The scenario
changed dramatically during the active phase of the monsoon, when the CN and
CCN concentrations dropped (CN by 20 % to 30 % and CCN by 6 % to 25 %)
throughout the IGP with more pronounced changes at altitudes higher than 3 km where decreases as high as > 80 % were observed. These
reductions have an east-to-west decreasing gradient, being most remarkable in the eastern IGP and very weak over the western IGP where the CN
concentrations above 3 km increased during the monsoon. The activation
ratios (ARs) showed contrasting features, increasing with increase in altitude, prior to the onset of monsoon, reversing the trend to decrease
with increase in altitude during the active phase of the monsoon. The
supersaturation spectrum became flatter during the active phase of the
monsoon, indicating an increase in the hygroscopicity of aerosols following the mixing of surface-based emissions with the advected marine air mass.
2400 years of climate and human-induced environmental change recorded in sediments of Lake Młynek in northern Poland
Authors: Welc Fabian , Nitychoruk Jerzy , Marks Leszek , Bińka Krzysztof , Rogóż-Matyszczak Anna , Obremska Milena , Zalat Abdelfattah 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. In the densely forested Warmia and Masuria region (northern Poland) there
are many small endorheic lakes characterized by their low sedimentation
rate, which makes them excellent archives of Holocene environmental and
palaeoclimatic change. Lake Młynek, located near the village of Janiki
Wielkie, was selected for multi-faceted palaeoenvironmental research
supported with radiocarbon dates. Sediments from this lake also contain
unique information about human impact on the environment, because a
stronghold has been operating on its northern shore since the early Iron Age
to the early Medieval period, giving the opportunity to correlate
palaeoenvironmental data with the phases of human activity over the last
2400 years. During the second and third centuries BCE the lake was
surrounded by a dense deciduous forest. From the first century BCE to
second century CE the forest around the lake was much reduced, which can
be associated with the first pre-Roman (La Tène) and Roman occupation phase
evidenced by the construction of the stronghold located close to the lake.
From the second up to ninth century CE gradual restoration of the
forest and a decline in human activity took place, along with lake deepening
and the onset of a colder and humid climatic phase which corresponded to the
global cooling episode known as the Bond 1 event (1.5 ka BP). The next
intensive phase of forest clearing around the lake occurred between the
9th–13th century CE as result of human activity (Middle
Age settlement phase of the stronghold). Whilst this period is marked by a
warming, the human impact which has transformed the landscape likely
overprints any signals of climate-driven environmental changes.
Retention time of lakes in the Larsemann Hills oasis, East Antarctica
Authors: Shevnina Elena , Kourzeneva Ekaterina , Dvornikov Yury , Fedorova Irina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This study provides first estimates of the water transport
timescale for five lakes located in the Larsemann Hills oasis
(69∘23′ S, 76∘20′ E) in East Antarctica. We estimated lake retention time
(LRT) as a ratio of lake volume to the inflow and outflow terms of a lake
water balance equation. The LRT was evaluated for lakes of epiglacial and
landlocked types, and it was assumed that these lakes are monomictic, with
water exchange occurring during the warm season only. We used hydrological
observations collected in four seasonal field campaigns to evaluate the LRT.
For the epiglacial lakes Progress and Nella/Scandrett, the LRT was estimated
at 12–13 and 4–5 years, respectively. For the landlocked lakes Stepped,
Sarah Tarn and Reid, our results show a great difference in the LRT
calculated from the outflow and inflow terms of the water balance equation.
The LRTs for these lakes vary depending on the methods and errors inherent
to them. We relied on the estimations from the outflow terms, since they are
based on hydrological measurements with better quality. Lake Stepped
exchanged water within 1.5 years. Sarah Tarn and Lake Reid
are endorheic ponds, with water loss mainly through evaporation. Their LRTs
were estimated as 21–22 and 8–9 years, respectively. To improve the
LRT estimates, special hydrological observations are needed to monitor the
lakes and streams during the warm season with a uniform observational
programme.
Their Hegemony—and Theirs
Authors: Cloud Dana L. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
This essay explores the concept of hegemony as it is differently elaborated by Perry Anderson and Peter Thomas. I first provide an orientation to Gramsci's theory of hegemony and how it has been taken up in cultural and rhetorical studies. Then I explore Anderson's interventions into hegemony theory in the earlier Antinomies of Antonio Gramsci before a substantial review of The H-Word. I then discuss Peter Thomas's critique of Anderson's orientation to the hegemonic constructs of the ruling classes of nation-states and conclude with a discussion about how the concept of hegemony elaborated by these authors might productively extend the work we do as scholars of rhetoric.
Homenaje a Roque Dalton en el LXXXV aniversario de su nacimiento y XLV aniversario de su asesinato
Authors: González Huguet Carmen 
Published: June 2021

Arturo Araujo, presidente de El Salvador, fue derrocado por un golpe militar el 2 de diciembre de 1931. A raíz de este hecho, subió al poder el vicepresidente, Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1882-1966), quien gobernó defacto de 1931 a 1944. Las inhumanas condiciones de vida de los campesinos, en su mayoría indígenas sin tierras, facilitaron que se hicieran eco de las ideas propagadas por los miembros del Partido Comunista Salvadoreño. Sin embargo, hasta dónde dicho “indoctrinamiento” fue real, y hasta dónde fue producto de la imaginación de los dirigentes de esta agrupación, o amplificado adrede por los simpatizantes de la derecha o de la izquierda deseosos, cada uno, de llevar agua a su molino, sigue siendo motivo de especulación.
El Salvador: Sobre la desigualdad, el COVID-19 y el crecimiento
Authors: González Mauricio 
Published: June 2021

Aquí se considera i) la relevancia de la desigualdad que surja de la aplicación de una estrategia de crecimiento en El Salvador, y ii) la manera en que se puede integrar el shock del COVID-19 a una estrategia de crecimiento propuesta. Se presenta una conceptualización del crecimiento inclusivo y se distingue entre crecimiento propobre absoluto y relativo, y se presenta la curva de Kuznets relativa al nexo desigualdad/ crecimiento. Se menciona la evidencia internacional y se destaca el caso de China, en el que la desigualdad no es cuestionada en el proceso de crecimiento. En relación con el COVID-19, se mencionan sus probables impactos económicos, se contrastan las respuestas fiscales de los países del centro y la periferia, y se destaca el escaso espacio de política que cabe al país, así como la complicación que reviste la dolarización, en el contexto de la Teoría Monetaria Moderna. Entre los resultados se encuentra que i) la pauta de la desigualdad no es importante en el corto plazo en el crecimiento de El Salvador; ii) los impactos del COVID-19 revertirán significativamente los avances en pobreza y desigualdad; iii) las necesidades de recursos son cuantiosas y empeoran una posición fiscal que ya era delicada; y iv) ante la posibilidad de malestar por la manera en que se distribuyen los recursos entre familias, empresas y bancos para la reestructuración económica, se recomienda la elaboración de planes desarrollados por expertos que gocen de consenso.
La escritura y la literatura como elementos de la formación docente continua en Educación Artística
Authors: Zetino Mario 
Published: June 2021

El artículo relata una investigación-acción sobre formación docente continua en educación artística. El trabajo tiene por objetivo apoyar el desarrollo de capacidades y de la competencia didáctica para la enseñanza aprendizaje de la educación artística con enfoque contemporáneo, utilizando herramientas y prácticas de escritura y de lectura. El estudio se desarrolló por medio de un módulo de formación docente continua, que forma parte de una investigación más amplia, validado con la planta docente de una escuela rural del departamento de La Libertad. Se utilizó como herramienta potenciadora de los aprendizajes la Vivencia, un recurso metodológico de educación biocéntrica. Los resultados son: una consolidación de la comunidad de trabajo de las docentes, unm conocimiento vivencial de las docentes participantes sobre la escritura y la poesía,un reencuentro con la lectura por placer, una experiencia de planificación por competencias para la asignatura de Educación Artística y una propuesta validada de módulo de formación continua en Educación Artística. Se concluye que una experiencia de la escritura y la lectura por experimentación o por placer, rompe la percepción de estas actividades como obligación escolar o laboral e incide positivamente en la práctica docente en general, al generar estados de bienestar personal. Sin embargo, la instalación de estas prácticas en docentes en servicio requiere procesos de acompañamiento, y está influida incluso por factores estructurales del sistema educativo y la realidad social. Además, se comprueba la necesidad de atender la dimensión afectiva del grupo en la formación docente para crear un clima de aprendizaje adecuado, y se comprueba la efectividad de la Vivencia como herramienta metodológica para potenciar experiencias de enseñanza aprendizaje en educación artística y educación literaria.
Management of Pediatric Patients with Spina Bifida
Authors: Richterová Romana , Kolarovszki Branislav , Opšenák René 
Published: June 2021

Spina bifida is a neurodevelopmental disorder and belong to most common congenital malformations. It is a neural tube defect that originates within first 28 days after conception. Although survival rate of these patients had changed rapidly within last decades, neural tube defects are still cause of substantial part of children morbidity. Occult type of spina bifida is a simple nonunion of vertebral arch without causing any symptoms. Open defects according to degree of involvement of neural tissue cause symptoms such as paralysis of lower extremities, bladder and bowel morbidity, delay in development of cognitive functions of various severity and other possible complications affecting morbidity of these patients. Early diagnosis and treatment of open spina bifida and accompaying complications is crucial and largely affects the outome. Succesfull treatment requires lifelong cooperation of a whole range of specialists and guiding of treatment by primary care doctor. Survival and quality of life are associated with acces to proper medical and surgical treatment as well as community support systems. This chapter offers overview of this topic with emphasis on general management of patients suffering from this congenital malformation.
Prevention of HIV Perinatal Transmission: The Role of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services for Women Living with HIV
Authors: Gómez-Suárez Marcela 
Published: June 2021

With the evolution in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS, ending the infection as a public health threat worldwide has become a real possibility included within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal Project 2030. However, some countries and even entire regions are not on track to reach this target due to increased new infections in young populations. Young women (15–24 years) represent 48% of the new HIV cases globally. Research shows these women have significant unmet sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs, with high rates of unplanned pregnancies, increased HIV perinatal transmission (HIV-PT) risk, and higher maternal morbidity and mortality. Granting access to SRH services based on rights for women living with HIV is a cost-effective alternative to reducing new infections in children by promoting respect for women’s reproductive options. This chapter addresses the role of SRH services based on rights for women living with HIV within HIV-PT. It also summarizes the new “Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV”; designed by the World Health Organization as a global recommendation for SRH programs and services that promote gender equality and human rights for women living with HIV.
The SYRF Wide Light Project
Authors: Prince Martyn , Claughton Andrew 
Published: June 2021

Modern racing yacht semi-planing hull forms provide a number of complex challenges for designers and a minefield for those involved in yacht rating.
The SYRF Wide Light Project was initiated as a means of providing data with which to assess a range of alternative computation methodologies to analyze sailing yacht hydrodynamic forces and moments, making this data available to the entire sailing yacht research community and demonstrating how this type of study can be used to inform the rating process.
This paper presents a comprehensive set of tank test results in both canoe body only and appended configurations to be used as a benchmark for a defined geometry of a modern semi-planing hull. Five different CFD stakeholders carried out ‘blind’ CFD analysis on the same test matrix using a range of different computational codes and approaches. The results are presented here along with feedback detailing the software, methods and resources used to generate the results.
This project offers a comprehensive set of public domain data which researchers may use to validate and develop their numerical tools and highlights how successfully commercial CFD codes may be used to confidently predict the variation of the forces on a sailing yacht hull as speed, heel and leeway change. Finally, discussion will be made on how this first phase of the project may be used to inform handicap rule makers.
La politique de traduction d’Edmonton : une étude de terrain1
Authors: Rao Sathya 
Published: June 2021

Depuis près d’une dizaine d’années, le concept de politique de traduction (« translation policy ») a fait son entrée dans le domaine de la traductologie sous la plume d’auteurs comme Reine Meylaerts et Gabriel González Núñez. Cet article met à profit la typologie que ce dernier emprunte au sociolinguiste Bernard Spolsky pour caractériser la politique de traduction mise en oeuvre par la ville d’Edmonton depuis le début des années 2000. Par comparaison avec une ville comme Toronto dont la politique de traduction se trouve clairement formalisée dans le cadre de la Multilingual Information Provisions Policy (City of Toronto, 2017), celle d’Edmonton demeure relativement floue. Après avoir brossé le cadre général de la politique linguistique au Canada et en Alberta, nous décrirons la politique de traduction d’Edmonton en nous appuyant sur diverses données empiriques et documents que nous avons collectés. Ce faisant, notre propos sera moins d’évaluer cette politique (à l’aulne d’une certaine idée du multiculturalisme, du bilinguisme ou de la politique) que d’en comprendre les spécificités.
Cure Rates of Control Interventions in Randomized Trials of Onychomycosis Treatments
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Venkataraman Maanasa , Quinlan Emma M. , Bamimore Mary A. 
Published: June 2021

Background: The efficacy of antifungals for onychomycosis has been determined in randomized controlled trials (RCTs); interestingly, their control arms have demonstrated some therapeutic effects. These controls constitute either placebos (inert pills) or vehicles (all but the antifungal component of the creams). We sought to determine whether RCT controls exhibited statistically relevant efficacy rates (ie, beyond the placebo effect), whether oral and topical controls differed in their efficacies, and whether the efficacy rates of the controls correlated with those of the active comparator associated with that control.
Methods: All RCTs of oral and topical monotherapies for dermatophyte toenail onychomycosis were identified through a systematic literature search. For the meta-analyses of cure rates, the double arcsine transformation was used. The N – 1 χ2 test was used to determine whether the cure rates significantly differed between topical and oral controls. Correlation was investigated using Kendall rank correlation tests.
Results: The pooled mycological, complete, and clinical cure rates of the control interventions (19 trials) were 9%, 1%, and 6%, respectively. The pooled efficacy rates for oral and topical controls were as follows: mycological cure rate, 7% and 12% (P = .0016); complete cure rate, 1% for both; and clinical cure rate, 4% and 8%, respectively (P = .0033). For oral RCTs, the respective cure rates of the active therapies were not correlated with controls. However, for topical RCTs, as the mycological and clinical cure rates of the active therapy increased, so did those of the topical vehicle associated with the active therapy in question, and vice versa.
Conclusions: The topical vehicle cure rates were often higher than the oral placebo cure rates, likely due to the presence of nonantifungal chemicals (eg, moisturizers, urea) with antifungal and debriding properties, which are not present in oral controls.