bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study of patient safety and quality use cases for ICD-11 MMS
Authors: Fenton Susan H , Giannangelo Kathy L , Stanfill Mary H 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study investigated how well-suited the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics, (ICD-11 MMS) is for 2 morbidity use cases, patient safety and quality, examining the level of detail captured, and evaluating the necessity for the development of a US clinical modification (CM).

Materials and Methods
Utilizing the 5 NCVHS-specified perspectives plus the consumer perspective, a framework was created of International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) use cases. Analysis yielded candidate source criteria for use in case evaluation. Patient safety and quality were chosen because they are relevant across all perspectives.
Granularity differences and content coverage of ICD-11 MMS entities were assessed pre- and post-coordination to determine suitability for the 2 use cases. Pressure ulcers, a common condition across 3 patient safety applications, became the focus for comparing ICD-10-CM codes to ICD-11 MMS codes. For 3 electronic clinical quality measures (eCQMs), the evaluation centered on specified value sets for ischemic stroke, hypertension, and diabetes.

Results
For pressure ulcers, the ICD-11 MMS was found to exceed ICD-10-CM capabilities via post-coordinated extension codes. For the 3 eCQM value sets explored, the ICD-11 MMS fully represented the disease concepts when post-coordinated code clusters were used.

Conclusions
The examples from the patient safety and quality use cases evaluated in this study are appropriate for ICD-11 MMS. It captures greater detail than ICD-10-CM, and ICD-11 MMS specificity would benefit both use cases. The authors believe this preliminary study indicates the US should invest resources to explore adopting the WHO ICD-11 MMS and tooling and guidelines to implement post-coordination.
Intestinal perforation on an incarcerated incisional hernia secondary to an ingested foreign body. Report of a rare case
Authors: Vaz-Pereira Ricardo , Ferreira Cátia , Monteiro Ana , Guidi Gonçalo , Martins Daniela , Pinto-de-Sousa João 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ingestion of foreign bodies (FBs) is common and rarely has consequences for the patient, but sometimes it can originate gastrointestinal perforation and lead to devastating consequences if unrecognized. Therefore, whenever present, bowel perforation demands immediate surgical treatment.
An 89-year-old woman with an incarcerated incisional hernia, whose imaging study was consistent with intestinal occlusion and perforation within the hernia sac was treated at our hospital. A segmental enterectomy and direct correction of the hernial defect were performed. A perforation in the mesenteric border due to a FB, which seemed to be a toothpick, was identified in the surgical specimen. Nine months after surgery, the patient was without complaints, with adequate healing, and without evidence of hernial recurrence.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of intestinal perforation on an incarcerated incisional hernia, due to an ingested FB, reported in the literature.
Dynamical ejecta synchrotron emission as a possible contributor to the changing behaviour of GRB170817A afterglow
Authors: Nedora Vsevolod , Radice David , Bernuzzi Sebastiano , Perego Albino , Daszuta Boris , Endrizzi Andrea , Prakash Aviral , Schianchi Federico 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Over the past 3 yr, the fading non-thermal emission from the GW170817 remained generally consistent with the afterglow powered by synchrotron radiation produced by the interaction of the structured jet with the ambient medium. Recent observations by Hajela et al. indicate the change in temporal and spectral behaviour in the X-ray band. We show that the new observations are compatible with the emergence of a new component due to non-thermal emission from the fast tail of the dynamical ejecta of ab-initio binary neutron star merger simulations. This provides a new avenue to constrain binary parameters. Specifically, we find that equal mass models with soft equations of state (EOSs) and high-mass ratio models with stiff EOSs are disfavoured as they typically predict afterglows that peak too early to explain the recent observations. Moderate stiffness and mass ratio models, instead, tend to be in good overall agreement with the data.
TOI-1259Ab – a gas giant planet with 2.7 per cent deep transits and a bound white dwarf companion
Authors: Martin David V , El-Badry Kareem , Hodžić Vedad Kunovac , Triaud Amaury H M J , Angus Ruth , Birky Jessica , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Hedges Christina , Montet Benjamin T , Murphy Simon J , Santerne Alexandre , Stassun Keivan G , Stephan Alexander P , Wang Ji , Benni Paul , Krushinsky Vadim , Chazov Nikita , Mishevskiy Nikolay , Ziegler Carl , Soubkiou Abderahmane , Benkhaldoun Zouhair , Boisse Isabelle , Battley Matthew , Miller Nicola J , Caldwell Douglas A , Collins Karen , Henze Christopher E , Guerrero Natalia M , Jenkins Jon M , Latham David W , Levine Adam , McDermott Scott , Mullally Susan E , Ricker George , Seager Sara , Shporer Avi , Vanderburg Andrew , Vanderspek Roland , Winn Joshua N 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We present TOI-1259Ab, a 1.0RJup gas giant planet transiting a 0.71R⊙ K-dwarf on a 3.48 d orbit. The system also contains a bound white dwarf companion TOI-1259B with a projected distance of ∼1600 au from the planet host. Transits are observed in nine TESS sectors and are 2.7 per cent deep – among the deepest known – making TOI-1259Ab a promising target for atmospheric characterization. Our follow-up radial velocity measurements indicate a variability of semiamplitude $K=71\, \rm m\, s^{-1}$, implying a planet mass of 0.44MJup. By fitting the spectral energy distribution of the white dwarf, we derive a total age of $4.08^{+1.21}_{-0.53}$ Gyr for the system. The K dwarf’s light curve reveals rotational variability with a period of 28 d, which implies a gyrochronology age broadly consistent with the white dwarf’s total age.
The magnetic system SMSS J1606−1000 as a period bouncer
Authors: Kawka Adela , Vennes Stéphane , Ferrario Lilia , Bessell M S , Keller S C , Paunzen E , Buckley D A H , Groenewald D , Janík J , Zejda M 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of a rare close binary system, SMSS J160639.78−100010.7, comprising a magnetic white dwarf with a field of about 30 MG and a brown dwarf. We measured an orbital period of 92 min which is consistent with the photometric period. Minimum and maximum light occur at the orbital quadratures Φ = 0.25 and 0.75, respectively, and cannot be caused by reflection on the brown dwarf, but, instead, by a spot on the synchronously rotating magnetic white dwarf. The brown dwarf does not fill its Roche lobe and the system may be in a low-accretion state or, more likely, in a detached state following episodes of mass transfer. SMSS J160639.78−100010.7 is the nearest known magnetic white dwarf plus brown dwarf system.
Two distinct pathways of RNA polymerase backtracking determine the requirement for the Trigger Loop during RNA hydrolysis
Authors: Mosaei Hamed , Zenkin Nikolay 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTranscribing RNA polymerase (RNAP) can fall into backtracking, phenomenon when the 3′ end of the transcript disengages from the template DNA. Backtracking is caused by sequences of the nucleic acids or by misincorporation of erroneous nucleotides. To resume productive elongation backtracked complexes have to be resolved through hydrolysis of RNA. There is currently no consensus on the mechanism of catalysis of this reaction by Escherichia coli RNAP. Here we used Salinamide A, that we found inhibits RNAP catalytic domain Trigger Loop (TL), to show that the TL is required for RNA cleavage during proofreading of misincorporation events but plays little role during cleavage in sequence-dependent backtracked complexes. Results reveal that backtracking caused by misincorporation is distinct from sequence-dependent backtracking, resulting in different conformations of the 3′ end of RNA within the active center. We show that the TL is required to transfer the 3′ end of misincorporated transcript from cleavage-inefficient ‘misincorporation site’ into the cleavage-efficient ‘backtracked site’, where hydrolysis takes place via transcript-assisted catalysis and is largely independent of the TL. These findings resolve the controversy surrounding mechanism of RNA hydrolysis by E. coli RNA polymerase and indicate that the TL role in RNA cleavage has diverged among bacteria.
Epitome: predicting epigenetic events in novel cell types with multi-cell deep ensemble learning
Authors: Morrow Alyssa Kramer , Hughes John Weston , Singh Jahnavi , Joseph Anthony Douglas , Yosef Nir 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe accumulation of large epigenomics data consortiums provides us with the opportunity to extrapolate existing knowledge to new cell types and conditions. We propose Epitome, a deep neural network that learns similarities of chromatin accessibility between well characterized reference cell types and a query cellular context, and copies over signal of transcription factor binding and modification of histones from reference cell types when chromatin profiles are similar to the query. Epitome achieves state-of-the-art accuracy when predicting transcription factor binding sites on novel cellular contexts and can further improve predictions as more epigenetic signals are collected from both reference cell types and the query cellular context of interest.
Machine Learning Using Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Radiomic Feature Analysis to Predict Ki-67 in World Health Organization Grade I Meningiomas
Authors: Khanna Omaditya , Fathi Kazerooni Anahita , Farrell Christopher J , Baldassari Michael P , Alexander Tyler D , Karsy Michael , Greenberger Benjamin A , Garcia Jose A , Sako Chiharu , Evans James J , Judy Kevin D , Andrews David W , Flanders Adam E , Sharan Ashwini D , Dicker Adam P , Shi Wenyin , Davatzikos Christos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Although World Health Organization (WHO) grade I meningiomas are considered “benign” tumors, an elevated Ki-67 is one crucial factor that has been shown to influence tumor behavior and clinical outcomes. The ability to preoperatively discern Ki-67 would confer the ability to guide surgical strategy.

OBJECTIVE
In this study, we develop a machine learning (ML) algorithm using radiomic feature analysis to predict Ki-67 in WHO grade I meningiomas.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed for a cohort of 306 patients who underwent surgical resection of WHO grade I meningiomas. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging was used to perform radiomic feature extraction followed by ML modeling using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator wrapped with support vector machine through nested cross-validation on a discovery cohort (n = 230), to stratify tumors based on Ki-67 <5% and ≥5%. The final model was independently tested on a replication cohort (n = 76).

RESULTS
An area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.78-0.90) with a sensitivity of 84.1% and specificity of 73.3% was achieved in the discovery cohort. When this model was applied to the replication cohort, a similar high performance was achieved, with an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73-0.94), sensitivity and specificity of 82.6% and 85.5%, respectively. The model demonstrated similar efficacy when applied to skull base and nonskull base tumors.

CONCLUSION
Our proposed radiomic feature analysis can be used to stratify WHO grade I meningiomas based on Ki-67 with excellent accuracy and can be applied to skull base and nonskull base tumors with similar performance achieved.
Is self-reported short sleep duration associated with obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Guimarães Kisian Costa , Silva Catarina Mendes , Latorraca Carolina de Oliveira Cruz , Oliveira Ricardo de Ávila , Crispim Cibele Aparecida 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Context
A possible association between self-reported short sleep duration and risk of obesity has been studied.

Objective
To analyze the association between sleep duration and obesity.

Methods
The LILACS, Medline, Central, Embase, and OpenGrey databases were searched from inception until July 2020. Two authors screened the studies independently according to the PECO strategy, as follows: participants: &gt; 18 years old; exposure: short sleep duration; control: regular sleep; outcome: obesity). Only cohort studies were included. A total of 3286 studies were retrieved with the search strategy, but only 36 were included. Disagreements were resolved by a third author. The quality of studies was assessed with Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form for Cohort Studies. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.

Results
Thirty-six studies were included, and 22 contributed quantitative data. Most of the studies (n = 27) assessed sleep by self-report. The meta-analysis showed a significant association between self-reported short sleep and development of obesity, and the chances of developing obesity increased when self-reported sleep duration decreased.

Conclusions
Self-reported short sleep was significantly associated with a higher incidence of obesity, with moderate quality of evidence.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019130143.
Fish protein hydrolysates as a health-promoting ingredient—recent update
Authors: Nirmal Nilesh P , Santivarangkna Chalat , Benjakul Soottawat , Maqsood Sajid 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dietary habits and lifestyle-related diseases indicate that food has a direct impact on individual health. Hence, a diet containing essential nutrients is important for healthy living. Fish and fish products are important in diets worldwide because of their nutritional value, especially their easily digestible proteins with essential amino acids. Similarly, fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) obtained from fish muscle and by-products has been reported to exhibit various biological activities and to have functional properties, which make FPH a suitable nutraceutical candidate. This review focuses on the health-promoting ability of FPH in terms of skin health, bone and cartilage health, blood lipid profile, and body-weight management studied in rats and human model systems. The absorption and bioavailability of FPH in humans is discussed, and challenges and obstacles of FPH as a functional food ingredient are outlined.
IRONMAN tunes responses to iron deficiency in concert with environmental pH
Authors: Gautam Chandan Kumar , Tsai Huei-Hsuan , Schmidt Wolfgang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral element that governs the composition of natural plant communities and limits crop yield in agricultural ecosystems due to its extremely low availability in most soils, particularly at alkaline pH. To extract sufficient Fe from the soil under such conditions, some plants, including Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), secrete Fe-mobilizing phenylpropanoids, which mobilize sparingly soluble Fe hydroxides by reduction and chelation. We show here that ectopic expression of the peptides IRONMAN (IMA1) and IMA2 improves growth on calcareous soil by inducing biosynthesis and secretion of the catecholic coumarin 7,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin (fraxetin) via increased expression of MYB72 and SCOPOLETIN 8-HYDROXYLASE, a response that is strictly dependent on elevated environmental pH (pHe). By contrast, transcription of the cytochrome P450 family protein CYP82C4, catalyzing the subsequent hydroxylation of fraxetin to sideretin, which forms less stable complexes with iron, was strongly repressed under such conditions. We concluded that IMA peptides regulate processes supporting Fe uptake at both acidic and elevated pH by controlling gene expression upstream of or in concert with a putative pHe signal, adapting the plant to prevailing edaphic conditions. This regulatory pattern confers tolerance to calcareous soils by extending the pH range in which Fe can be efficiently absorbed from the soil. Our results further suggest that pHe calibrates the activities of components of the Fe deficiency response, accentuating processes that are most efficient under the prevailing conditions. Altering the expression of IMA peptides provides a route for generating plants adapted to calcareous soils.
Proton and calcium pumping P-type ATPases and their regulation of plant responses to the environment
Authors: Fuglsang Anja T , Palmgren Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPlant plasma membrane H+-ATPases and Ca2+-ATPases maintain low cytoplasmic concentrations of H+ and Ca2+, respectively, and are essential for plant growth and development. These low concentrations allow plasma membrane H+-ATPases to function as electrogenic voltage stats, and Ca2+-ATPases as “off” mechanisms in Ca2+-based signal transduction. Although these pumps are autoregulated by cytoplasmic concentrations of H+ and Ca2+, respectively, they are also subject to exquisite regulation in response to biotic and abiotic events in the environment. A common paradigm for both types of pumps is the presence of terminal regulatory (R) domains that function as autoinhibitors that can be neutralized by multiple means, including phosphorylation. A picture is emerging in which some of the phosphosites in these R domains appear to be highly, nearly constantly phosphorylated, whereas others seem to be subject to dynamic phosphorylation. Thus, some sites might function as major switches, whereas others might simply reduce activity. Here, we provide an overview of the relevant transport systems and discuss recent advances that address their relation to external stimuli and physiological adaptations.
CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED ION CHANNEL 2 modulates auxin homeostasis and signaling
Authors: Chakraborty Sonhita , Toyota Masatsugu , Moeder Wolfgang , Chin Kimberley , Fortuna Alex , Champigny Marc , Vanneste Steffen , Gilroy Simon , Beeckman Tom , Nambara Eiji , Yoshioka Keiko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs) have been firmly established as Ca2+-conducting ion channels that regulate a wide variety of physiological responses in plants. CNGC2 has been implicated in plant immunity and Ca2+ signaling due to the autoimmune phenotypes exhibited by null mutants of CNGC2 in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, cngc2 mutants display additional phenotypes that are unique among autoimmune mutants, suggesting that CNGC2 has functions beyond defense and generates distinct Ca2+ signals in response to different triggers. In this study, we found that cngc2 mutants showed reduced gravitropism, consistent with a defect in auxin signaling. This was mirrored in the diminished auxin response detected by the auxin reporters DR5::GUS and DII-VENUS and in a strongly impaired auxin-induced Ca2+ response. Moreover, the cngc2 mutant exhibits higher levels of the endogenous auxin indole-3-acetic acid, indicating that excess auxin in the cngc2 mutant causes its pleiotropic phenotypes. These auxin signaling defects and the autoimmunity syndrome of the cngc2 mutant could be suppressed by loss-of-function mutations in the auxin biosynthesis gene YUCCA6 (YUC6), as determined by identification of the cngc2 suppressor mutant repressor of cngc2 (rdd1) as an allele of YUC6. A loss-of-function mutation in the upstream auxin biosynthesis gene TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (TAA1, WEAK ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE8) also suppressed the cngc2 phenotypes, further supporting the tight relationship between CNGC2 and the TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS–YUCCA -dependent auxin biosynthesis pathway. Taking these results together, we propose that the Ca2+ signal generated by CNGC2 is a part of the negative feedback regulation of auxin homeostasis in which CNGC2 balances cellular auxin perception by influencing auxin biosynthesis.
Between mutuality, autonomy and domination: rethinking digital platforms as contested relational structures
Authors: Schüßler Elke , Attwood-Charles Will , Kirchner Stefan , Schor Juliet B 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This Special Issue advances a new understanding of digital platforms as dynamic and relational. An archetypal transaction platform, we argue, is comprised of three canonical social relationships which exist in tension with each other. The first is mutuality—the practices of sharing and reciprocity which animated the early days of the ‘sharing economy’. The second is autonomy—representing the desire for freedom and independence attracting many earners to platforms. The third is domination—the exercise of power and control which drives many platform owners and managers. As we argue below, these three social relationships are present in varying degrees on all platforms. By conceptualizing platforms as contested relational structures, we aim to bridge prior attempts to classify ‘what platforms are’ with diverse empirical studies of ‘what platforms do’ in different contexts. In our view, platforms can do different things at the same time because they are different things at the same time.
How Do Statutes ‘Speak’ in Recent Technology Advancement Cases?
Authors: Leung Samuel Yee Ching 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The focus of this article is the well-known statutory construction principle ‘a statute is always speaking’. This principle has a long history and has been applied in numerous cases. It has always been said that social changes are rapid, and the judges may need to give an ‘updated’ reading to a statute because legislative drafters just did not (and could not) foresee everything. However, as time goes by, the ways in which the courts apply this principle do not seem to be exactly the same. Also, the range of factors that the courts will consider seems to be expanding as the case law shows. In particular, in the 21st century, the need to use this principle is reinforced in technology advancement cases due to the unprecedented speed of technological improvements. Illustrative examples are therefore needed to provide certainty and predictability to the application of the principle. This article aims to accomplish this task. It will scrutinize three types of technology advancement cases to understand how the principle has been applied in recent years in technology context.
Saving Face While (Not) Talking about Race: How Undergraduates Inhabit Racialized Structures at an Elite and Predominantly White College
Authors: Nelson Ingrid A , Graham Hannah J , Rudin Natalie L 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Through a qualitative case study of an elite, predominantly White, liberal arts college, we find that the unmarked Whiteness of core organizational structures and practices socialized undergraduates to normalize segregation while commodifying diversity. Analysis of publicly available documents (webpages, student newspaper, speeches) and student interviews (n=57) revealed that individuals’ attitudes were filtered through organizational structures. When students spoke about race, they tended to use two scripts: diversity script and/or naturalization of segregation script. Yet these culturally legitimated scripts were decoupled from organizational practices. Even though most students claimed to value diversity for its learning potential, many students believed social segregation was “natural,” and either “opted out” of conversations about race or “opted in” to conversations within homogeneous friend groups to maintain respectability within tightly-knit, well-resourced campus networks. The decoupling of structures, scripts, and behaviors motivated undergraduates of all races to adopt White, elite norms for (not) talking about race, which we dub “civilized diversity discourse.” Drawing on racialized organizations theory, we argue that the unmarked Whiteness of organizational structures—as well as the college’s size and status—shaped students’ scripts and behaviors in ways that ensure the enactment and entrenchment of racial ignorance and structural White supremacy.