bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Rebound Hyperthermia After Targeted Temperature Management in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients: An Explorative Substudy of the Time-Differentiated Therapeutic Hypothermia in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors Trial
Authors: Holm Aki , Kirkegaard Hans , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Søreide Eldar , Grejs Anders M. , Toome Valdo , Hassager Christian , Rasmussen Bodil S. , Laitio Timo , Storm Christian , Hästbacka Johanna , Skrifvars Markus B. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate rebound hyperthermia following targeted temperature management after cardiac arrest and its impact on functional outcome.

DESIGN:
Post hoc analysis.

SETTING:
Ten European ICUs.

PATIENTS:
Patients included in the time-differentiated therapeutic hypothermia in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors trial treated with targeted temperature management at 33°C for 48 or 24 hours. Favorable functional outcome was defined as a Cerebral Performance Category of 1 or 2 at 6 months.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Of 338 included patients, 103 (30%) experienced rebound hyperthermia defined as a maximum temperature after targeted temperature management and rewarming exceeding 38.5°C. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, increasing age (odds ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95–0.99; p = 0.02) and severe acute kidney injury within 72 hours of ICU admission (odds ratio, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.13–0.91; p = 0.03) were associated with less rebound hyperthermia, whereas male gender (odds ratio, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.34–11.57; p = 0.01), highest C-reactive protein value (odds ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07; p = 0.02), and use of mechanical chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (odds ratio, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.10–3.67; p = 0.02) were associated with more rebound hyperthermia. Patients with favorable functional outcome spent less time after rewarming over 38.5°C (2.5% vs 6.3%; p = 0.03), 39°C (0.14% vs 2.7%; p < 0.01), and 39.5°C (0.03% vs 0.71%; p < 0.01) when compared with others. Median time to rebound hyperthermia was longer in the unfavorable functional outcome group (33.2 hr; interquartile range, 14.3–53.0 hr vs 6.5 hr; interquartile range, 2.2–34.1; p < 0.01). In a predefined multivariate binary logistic regression model, rebound hyperthermia was associated with decreased odds of favorable functional outcome (odds ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22–0.79).

CONCLUSIONS:
One-third of targeted temperature management patients experience rebound hyperthermia, and it is more common in younger male patients with an aggravated inflammatory response and those treated with a mechanical chest compression device. Later onset of rebound hyperthermia and temperatures exceeding 38.5°C associate with unfavorable outcome.
Involvement of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Decreased Vasopressor Response Following Trauma/Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Mazor Rafi , Dos Santos Fernando , Li Joyce B. , Aletti Federico , Schmid-Schonbein Geert , Kistler Erik B. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Refractory vascular failure due to the inability of vascular smooth muscle to respond to vasoconstrictors such as phenylephrine is a final common pathway for severe circulatory shock of any cause, including trauma/hemorrhagic shock. Increased inflammation, Toll-like receptor 4 activation, and decreased response of the alpha-1 adrenergic receptors which control vascular tone have been reported in trauma/hemorrhagic shock.

HYPOTHESIS:
In trauma/hemorrhagic shock, Toll-like receptor 4 activation contributes to vascular failure via decreased bioavailability of adrenergic receptors.

DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS:
Trauma/hemorrhagic shock was induced in Wistar rats (laparotomy combined with mean arterial pressure at 40 mm Hg for 90 min followed by 2 hr resuscitation with Lactated Ringers solution). To inhibit Toll-like receptor 4, resatorvid (TAK-242) and resveratrol were used, and plasma was collected. Smooth muscle cells were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (10 ng/mL) or plasma. Inflammatory cytokines were screened using dot-blot. Toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor κB activation and cellular localization of the alpha-1 adrenergic receptor were measured by immunofluorescence imaging and Western blot analysis. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 was used to knock out Toll-like receptor 4, and calcium influx following stimulation with phenylephrine was recorded.

MAIN RESULTS:
Trauma/hemorrhagic shock caused a decreased response to phenylephrine, whereas Toll-like receptor 4 inhibition improved blood pressure. Trauma/hemorrhagic shock plasma activated the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κB pathway in smooth muscle cells. Double labeling of Toll-like receptor 4 and the alpha-1 adrenergic receptor showed that these receptors are colocalized on the cell membrane. Activation of Toll-like receptor 4 caused cointernalization of both receptors. Calcium influx was impaired in cells incubated with trauma/hemorrhagic shock plasma but restored when Toll-like receptor 4 was knocked out or inhibited.

CONCLUSIONS:
Activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 desensitizes vascular smooth muscle cells to vasopressors in experimental trauma/hemorrhagic shock by reducing the levels of membrane alpha-1 adrenergic receptor.
A Case of Dissecting Cellulitis which Was Initially Suspected to Be a Trichilemmal Cyst
Authors: Masuda Yashumitsu , Kuwahara Masamitsu , Ando Junji , Miyata Riyo , Harada Masayuki , Takeuchi Mika , Kanagawa Saori , Mashiba Kumi , Yurugi Satoshi 
Published: July 2021

Summary
We treat infected cysts on a daily basis, but it is difficult to diagnose similar lesions produced by inflammatory conditions that are not primarily caused by bacteria. Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that results in disfiguring, painful, and purulent lesions. It often takes a long time to diagnose. The pathophysiology of DCS remains unclear. Various treatments for DCS have been proposed, depending on the severity of the disease. However, none of these treatments are clearly superior to the others. If DCS spreads to the entire occipital region, aggressive surgical treatment may be beneficial in terms of the patient’s quality of life. However, surgical interventions, such as drainage, are not effective at preventing the progression of the disease. Herein, we report the case of a young female patient who developed a cyst in the occipital region. We initially suspected that the lesion was a normal infected trichilemmal cyst. However, DCS was subsequently suspected because the lesion exhibited an unusual course after drainage and debridement. We consider that we made a diagnosis relatively early, but if we had sufficient knowledge about DCS we could have made a diagnosis even earlier by performing debridement sooner. Minocycline was administered for 5 months, which caused the lesion to disappear. After 2 years, no recurrence had been observed.
Novel Endoscopic Transnasal Technique for Anterolateral Thigh Flap Inset Post Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Resection
Authors: Ooi Adrian S.H. , Gill Hargaven S. , Kiong Kimberly L. , Xu Shuhui , Heah Harold H.W. 
Published: July 2021

Summary:
Post-nasopharyngectomy reconstruction for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas has been used for defect coverage and protection of vital structures. With the increasing use of endoscopic transnasal nasopharyngeal extirpation to offset complications faced with open techniques, there is a need for corresponding reconstructive support through a similar approach. We describe a novel endoscopic transnasal anterolateral thigh flap inset technique, combined with a transverse neck incision, in two patients who underwent transnasal nasopharyngectomy. We also include a video presentation of our operative technique. A vastus lateralis fascia free flap was used for one patient, and a vastus lateralis muscle free flap for the other. Both patients were aged 51 years. Mean nasopharyngeal defect size was 20 cm2 (range 12–28 cm2). Average surgical stay was 13.5 days (11–16 days) and flap mucosalization was complete for both patients. No recipient site complications were observed in either patient, although donor site seroma formation was seen in one patient. Average time to speech recovery was 1.5 months (range 1–2 months) for both patients. Time to diet recovery was 2 months for one patient, whereas the other was on long-term percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding. There were no flap failures or peri-operative mortalities. Endoscopic transnasal anterolateral thigh flap inset to reconstruct the nasopharyngeal space is an effective technique that confers reduced morbidity and potentially better outcomes compared with open techniques.
Aesthetic Eyelid Measurements of “Beautiful People”: Gender Differences and Application for Thyroid Eye Disease Patients
Authors: Evans Jacob A. , Shaheen Mohammed S. , Clark Thomas J. E. , Shriver Erin M. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
There remains a paucity of studies investigating measurements of periocular structures of people popularly seen as “beautiful.” Such measurements may be helpful in establishing postoperative goals and measuring aesthetic outcomes. This study (1) identifies aesthetic measurements of the periocular structures in idealized celebrities, (2) determines gender differences in such measurements, and (3) compares these measurements to patients who underwent surgical repair of upper eyelid retraction associated with thyroid eye disease.

Methods:
Digital analysis of 38 celebrity photographs in People’s “Most Beautiful People” and “Sexiest Man Alive” was performed to measure image-derived (denoted with an “i”) margin reflex distance (iMRD1), tarsal platform show (iTPS), brow fat span (iBFS), and iTPS:iBFS ratio. The same analysis was used for 35 women who underwent surgical repair for thyroid eye disease-related upper eyelid retraction.

Results:
Significant gender differences (P < 0.05) were observed in celebrity metrics, with women having higher upper eyelids (longer iMRD1) (3.30 mm versus 2.50 mm), longer iTPS measurements (3.90 mm versus 2.50 mm), and larger iTPS:iBFS values (0.31 versus 0.20). Postoperative thyroid eye disease patients had significantly higher upper eyelids (longer iMRD1s) (4.80 mm versus 3.30 mm), longer iTPS (5.10 mm versus 3.90 mm), and larger iTPS:iBFS (0.37 versus 0.31) than celebrities.

Conclusions:
There are significant gender differences in the periocular metrics of “beautiful people.” Optimal aesthetic outcomes may be more effectively obtained by achieving a preferred range of ratios than by relying on independent measurements. Although aesthetic outcomes are multi-factorial, measurements of “beautiful” people provide helpful guidelines to gauge aesthetic outcomes.
A bibliometric analysis of top 100 most-cited articles in dentistry with author(s) affiliated with Taiwan institutes
Authors: Chen Siao-Han , Huang Ren-Yeong , Huang Liang-Gie , Weng Pei-Wei , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Cheng Chia-Dan , Chen Mei-Chu , Chiang Ho-Sheng , Sung Cheng-En , Tsai Yi-Wen Cathy , Shieh Yi-Shing , Cheng Wan-Chien 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Citation analysis can provide a historical perspective in the advancement of research, evolution, and areas of research. Taiwan exhibits rigorous academic and scientific activities in dentistry; however, based on its empirical contribution in research, there is no report in the literature analyzing the top-cited articles published by authors affiliated with Taiwan institutes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the citation characteristics of the top 100 most-cited articles published in dentistry with author(s) affiliated with Taiwan institutes.

Methods:
The Scopus database was used to search the qualified articles with authors from Taiwan published in journals. The bibliometric parameters, including year of publication, study design, research fields, citation half-life, self-citation, institute of origin, and international collaboration were analyzed. Multivariable linear regression in generalized linear model was used to find associate factors related to trends of citation counts.

Results:
The top 100 most-cited articles were determined by analyzing 7667 articles from the Scopus database. The steadily increasing trends were observed in the number and percentage of articles of author(s) affiliated with Taiwan institutes to the world. The most common study design was the in vitro research (55 %). The majority citation half-life is 3-5 and 6-8 years, and self-citation counts were between one to five times (n = 26). The percentage of international collaboration of these most-cited articles was 32%, and the main collaboration country was the United States. By using multivariable linear regression in the generalized linear model, the associated factors, study design, and self-citation were significantly associated with the escalating trends of citation counts.

Conclusion:
This is the first study that provides valuable information in the dentistry regarding the academic activity, and empirical contribution of author(s) affiliated with Taiwan institutes in the world. The trends of citation characteristics were significantly correlated with study design and self-citation of these articles.
Inflammation Disrupts the Brain Network of Executive Function after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Zhu Yangzi , Zhou Meiyan , Jia Xiuqin , Zhang Wei , Shi Yibing , Bai Shengjie , Rampes Sanketh , Vizcaychipi Marcela P. , Wu Congyou , Wang Kai , Ma Daqing , Yang Qi , Wang Liwei 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
To investigate postoperative functional connectivity (FC) alterations across impaired cognitive domains and their causal relationships with systemic inflammation.

Background:
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction commonly occurs after cardiac surgery, and both systemic and neuroinflammation may trigger its development. Whether FC alterations underlying deficits in specific cognitive domains after cardiac surgery are affected by inflammation remains unclear.

Methods:
Seventeen patients, who underwent cardiac valve replacement, completed a neuropsychological test battery and brain MRI scan before surgery and on days 7 and 30 after surgery compared to age-matched healthy controls. Blood samples were taken for tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6 measurements. Seed-to-voxel FC of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was examined. Bivariate correlation and linear regression models were used to determine the relationships among cognitive function, FC alterations, and cytokines.

Results:
Executive function was significantly impaired after cardiac surgery. At day 7 follow-up, the surgical patients, compared to the controls, demonstrated significantly decreased DLPFC FC with the superior parietal lobe and attenuated negative connectivity in the default mode network, including the angular gyrus and posterior cingulate cortex. The left DLPFC enhanced the connectivity in the right DLPFC and posterior cingulate cortex, all of which were related to the increased tumor necrosis factor-a and decreased executive function up to day 7 after cardiac surgery.

Conclusions:
The decreased FC of executive control network and its anticorrelation with the default mode network may contribute to executive function deficits after cardiac surgery. Systemic inflammation may trigger these transient FC changes and executive function impairments.
Association Between Hospital Volume and Failure to Rescue After Open or Endovascular Repair of Intact Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in the VASCUNET and International Consortium of Vascular Registries
Authors: D’Oria Mario , Scali Salvatore , Mao Jialin , Szeberin Zoltán , Thomson Ian , Beiles Barry , Stone David , Sedrakyan Art , Eldrup Nikolaj , Venermo Maarit , Cassar Kevin , Altreuther Martin , Boyle Jonathan R. , Behrendt Christian-Alexander , Beck Adam W. , Mani Kevin 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
To investigate the association between hospital volume and failure to rescue (FtR), after open repair (OAR), and endovascular repair (EVAR) of intact abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) among centers participating in the VASCUNET and International Consortium of Vascular Registries.

Summary of Background Data:
FtR (ie, in-hospital death following major complications) is a composite end-point representing the inability to treat complications effectively and prevent death.

Methods:
Using data from 8 vascular registries, complication and mortality rates after intact AAA repair were examined (n = 60,273; EVAR-43,668; OAR-16,605). A restricted analysis using pooled data from 4 countries (Australia, Hungary, New Zealand, and USA) reporting data on all postoperative complications (bleeding, stroke, cardiac, respiratory, renal, colonic ischemia) was performed to identify risk-adjusted association between hospital volume and FtR.

Results:
The most frequently reported complications were cardiac (EVAR-3.0%, OAR-8.9%) and respiratory (EVAR-1.0%, OAR-5.7%). In adjusted analysis, 4.3% of EVARs and 18.5% of OARs had at least 1 complication. The overall FtR rate was 10.3% after EVAR and 15.7% after OAR. Subjects treated in the highest volume centers (Q4) had 46% and 80% lower odds of FtR after EVAR (OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.34–0.87; P = 0.04) and OAR (OR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.11–0.44; P < 0.001) when compared to lowest volume centers (Q1), respectively. Colonic ischemia had the highest risk of FtR for both procedures (adjusted predicted risks, EVAR: 27%, 95% CI 14%–45%; OAR: 30%, 95% CI 17%–46%).

Conclusions:
In this multi-national dataset, FtR rate after intact AAA repair with EVAR and OAR is significantly associated with hospital volume. Hospitals in the top volume quartiles achieve the lowest mortality after a complication has occurred.
Understanding the Impact of Sociocultural Gender on Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19: a Bayesian Approach
Authors: Gebhard Caroline E. , Sütsch Claudia , Bengs Susan , Todorov Atanas , Deforth Manja , Buehler Karl Philipp , Meisel Alexander , Schuepbach Reto A. , Zinkernagel Annelies S. , Brugger Silvio D. , Acevedo Claudio , Patriki Dimitri , Wiggli Benedikt , Gysi Bianca , Beer Jürg H. , Friedl Andrée , Twerenbold Raphael , Kuster Gabriela M. , Pargger Hans , Tschudin-Sutter Sarah , Schefold Joerg C. , Spinetti Thibaud , Henze Chiara , Pasqualini Mina , Sager Dominik F. , Mayrhofer Lilian , Grieder Mirjam , Tontsch Janna , Franzeck Fabian , Wendel Garcia Pedro D. , Hofmaenner Daniel A. , Scheier Thomas , Bartussek Jan , Haider Ahmed , Grämer Muriel , Mikail Nidaa , Rossi Alexia , Zellweger Núria , Opic Petra , Portmann Angela , von Känel Roland , Pazhenkottil Aju P. , Messerli Michael , Buechel Ronny R. , Kaufmann Philipp A. , Treyer Valerie , Siegemund Martin , Held Ulrike , Regitz-Zagrosek Vera , Gebhard Catherine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundWomen are overrepresented amongst individuals suffering from post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). Biological (sex) as well as sociocultural (gender) differences between women and men might account for this imbalance, yet their impact on PASC is unknown.Methods and FindingsBy using Bayesian models comprising >200 co-variates, we assessed the impact of social context in addition to biological data on PASC in a multi-centre prospective cohort study of 2927 (46% women) individuals in Switzerland. Women more often reported at least one persistent symptom than men (43.5% vs 32.0% of men, p<0.001) six (IQR 5–9) months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Adjusted models showed that women with personality traits stereotypically attributed to women were most often affected by PASC (OR 2.50[1.25-4.98], p<0.001), in particular when they were living alone (OR 1.84[1.25-2.74]), had an increased stress level (OR 1.06[1.03-1.09]), had undergone higher education (OR 1.30[1.08-1.54]), preferred pre-pandemic physical greeting over verbal greeting (OR 1.71[1.44-2.03]), and had experienced an increased number of symptoms during index infection (OR 1.27[1.22-1.33]).ConclusionBesides gender- and sex-sensitive biological parameters, sociocultural variables play an important role in producing sex differences in PASC. Our results indicate that predictor variables of PASC can be easily identified without extensive diagnostic testing and are targets of interventions aiming at stress coping and social support.
A Cross Sectional Study To Assess The Attitude Regarding Online Lecture Among Nursing College Students After Impact of Covid-19 At Selected College of Nursing, Nadiad
Authors: Nagar Kailash 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn December 2019, a pathogenic human corona virus SARS- CoV-2, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was recognized and has caused serious illness and numerous deaths. The epidemics of COVID-19 have been recorded over 200 countries, territories, and areas with 2 878 196 confirmed cased and 198 668 death cases.AimsThe current study is to assess the attitude of nursing college students regarding online classes.Objective1. To determine the perceptions of students towards e-learning during the lock down. 2. To assess nursing students attitude towards the online lecturesMethodologySetting and DesignDescriptive cross sectional survey research design was used and not probability sampling methods was used to drawn samples through online Google form. The sample collected from nursing college students and study setting was Dinsha Patel College of nursing, Nadiad, Gujarat. There were total 20 attitude question with five point rating scale were used. Total sample were 136 nursing college students. Data has been collected online through Google form.Statistical Analysis usedDescriptive statistics applied where, data was analyzed by using SPSS software, and Frequency, percentage, tables etc were used to represent the statistical data.ResultsOut of 136, 64(47.05%) were belong age 17-18 years, 115(84.56%) were female, 68(50%) were GNM students, 51(37.50%) B.Sc. nursing Students, 83(61.02%) were third year, 75(55.24%) were live urban, 61(44.86%) were rural area, 56(41.17%) were travel 21-30km, 40(29.41%) more than 30km, 65(47.79%) have above 15000 monthly family income 132(97.05%) were used mobile for online lecture 79(58.08%) were have average network.Attitude regarding Online Classes where 7 (5.14%) had Inadequate Attitude 86(63.25%) had Moderate Attitude, 43(31.61%) Had adequate Attitude.ConclusionsRegarding the online lecture 63.25% nursing college students has moderate attitude and 31.61% had adequate attitude it means now days students are line online classes than physical mode due to various reasons such as, time consuming, reduce traveling, risk of accidents and corona, more time can spend with family etc