bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factores socioeconómicos y el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres en edad fértil en Nicaragua
Authors: Avilés Peralta Yader , Sánchez Quintero Marvin , Valiente Gutiérrez Oswan 
Published: June 2021

La capacidad de la mujer para decidir si quiere embarazarse y en qué momento, tiene una repercusión directa en su salud y bienestar socioeconómico (Caudillo, Benavides, Valdez, Flores, y Hernández, 2017, p.52). Este estudio analiza los factores socioeconómicos que determinan el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres nicaragüenses en edad fértil, utilizando la Encuesta Nicaragüense de Demografía y Salud (ENDESA, 2011). El tipo de investigación es cuantitativo, correlacional y no experimental y el análisis econométrico se fundamenta en el modelo logístico para la variable dicotómica uso y no uso de algún método anticonceptivo. Los resultados de la investigación explican que para el año 2011, el 59.8% de las mujeres en edad fértil usaban al menos un método anticonceptivo y el más utilizado era la Oclusión Tubárica Bilateral OTB o Ligadura (21.3%), seguido de la inyección anticonceptiva (20.9%) y la píldora anticonceptiva (8.2%). Por estructura de edades, el rango de 15-20 años tiene el menor porcentaje de uso de anticonceptivo con el 30.7%, sin embargo este valor aumenta a 61.4% en el rango de 21-29 años hasta 73.3% en mujeres de 30-36 años. Un dato relevante es que 6 de cada 10 mujeres en edad fértil han estado embarazada al menos una vez al tener la edad de 21 años. Respecto al modelo, se encontró que el acceso a un lugar para obtener el método anticonceptivo no garantiza su uso. Las características relacionadas a la edad, región, área de residencia, etnia, haber estado embarazada alguna vez, haber tenido relaciones sexuales en los últimos 12 meses, uso de condón en la primera relación sexual y tener pareja cumplen con la relación teórica esperada respecto al uso de métodos anticonceptivos en las mujeres en edad fértil. Haber estado embarazada (98.2%) y tener pareja (69.7%) poseen los efectos marginales más altos.
How Relatedness Need Satisfaction or Frustration and Motivation Relate to Well-Being on Social Networking Sites
Authors: Chen Yunxiang , Li Ruoxuan , Liu Xiangping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Given the widespread use of social networking sites across the world and their importance in people’s lives, explaining users’ well-being on these platforms is certainly worthy of research inquiry. However, little attention has been given to well-being in the context of social networks. Building on the dual process model of the self-determination theory, we hypothesized that for the relatedness need, 1 of 3 basic psychological needs, its satisfaction (RNS) and frustration (RNF) might trigger different motivations (autonomous vs. controlled) and in turn affect people’s social networking well-being. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires from 494 freshmen (Mage = 18.81 ± 0.92 years, 190 men). Structural equation modeling analyses supported the hypothesized model: Autonomous and controlled motivations partially mediated the relationship between RNS or RNF and social networking well-being. Specifically, RNS was significantly related to positive affect in social networks, being mediated by autonomous motivation. RNF was significantly related to negative affect and general well-being in social networks, with the former relation being mediated by controlled motivation. It can be concluded that RNS and RNF play pivotal but distinct roles in shaping individuals’ motivation and further exert an important influence on the level of well- or ill-being during social networking usage. Implications for future research are discussed.
Transformation and Simplification of Aquatic Vegetation Structure and Reoligotrophication of a Lake During the Last 40 Years
Authors: Brzozowski Michał , Pełechata Aleksandra , Kaczmarek Lech , Pełechaty Mariusz 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The recovery or reconstruction of aquatic vegetation has recently been reported as a result of water quality improvement after anthropogenic eutrophication. The objectives of this study were: to investigate long-term trends in aquatic vegetation abundance in relation to decreasing water fertility and to present new directions in changes of the submerged aquatic vegetation structure, species richness, and biodiversity in Lake Kuźnickie (western Poland) with the perspective of the last 40 years (1978–2018). Lake Kuźnickie is an example of water quality improvement taking place without any additional reclamation measures, except a reduction in nutrient discharge into the lake from its direct catchment. Currently, the study lake represents a mesotrophic status. The Trophy State Index evidenced a decrease in the lake’s fertility compared to previous decades. The water quality improvement manifests in a significant reduction in the total phosphorus concentration. An analysis of the spatial changes in the phytolittoral evidenced a decrease in rush vegetation between 1978 and 2018 by over 2 ha. In the period 1978–2018, the aquatic vegetation structure in Lake Kuźnickie underwent significant reconstruction. Currently, charophytes play a much greater role in the lake compared to the last 40 years, contributing to the maintenance of the lake’s high water quality. Moreover, the endangered charophyte
Lychnothamnus barbatus
has recovered. Concurrently, however, the biodiversity and species richness of the submerged vegetation has decreased. At present, only four species dominate in the lake, including two charophytes
L. barbatus
,
Nitellopsis obtusa
, and two vascular plants
Ceratophyllum demersum
and
Myriophyllum spicatum
. Over 40 years, Lake Kuźnickie has changed from a eutrophic lake dominated by vascular plants to a mesotrophic lake with a codominant contribution by charophytes. The lake is characterized by good water quality, optimal for the development of aquatic vegetation, especially charophytes.
Molecular characterization and vegetative compatibility groups of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. pathogenic to <i>Ilex paraguariensis</i> A. St.-Hil.
Authors: Mezzomo Ricardo , Rolim Jéssica Mengue , Poletto Tales , Walker Clair , Milanesi Paola Mendes , Muniz Marlove Fátima Brião 
Published: June 2021

In the central-western and southern regions of Brazil, the cultivation of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is considered an important source of forest extraction, besides providing an alternative income, especially for families. The yerba mate, like other forest species, is infected by several pathogens, such as fungi of the genus Fusarium, causing root rot. Pathogens have wide genetic variability, even within a single genus and species, resulting from adaptations to their environments. This study aimed at characterizing molecularly isolated Fusarium spp. through the sequencing of the ITS and β-tubulin genome regions, identifying the species level as well as the formation of vegetative compatibility groups (VCG) among these isolates of the root rot pathogen in yerba mate. The sequencing of the ITS and β-tubulin regions, defined the separation between the seven pathogenic isolates of F. solani and F. oxysporum. For the same isolates, the technique to obtain nit mutants was suitable for the phenotypic classification, obtaining five VCGs for species of Fusarium, root rot in yerba mate.
Organizando os usos e funções dos vegetais: a etnobotânica auxiliando na prevenção e diminuição da cegueira botânica.
Authors: Corrêa André Micaldas , Alves Luiz Anastácio , Rocha Joyce Alves 
Published: June 2021

O surgimento da espécie humana inaugurou diversos usos dos vegetais, que se perpetuam até hoje, embora as plantas não recebam a devida importância. Essa falta de reconhecimento chega muitas vezes à cegueira botânica, termo criado para definir a dificuldade das pessoas notarem a flora no seu ambiente e reconhecerem sua relevância para a vida na Terra. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi reunir alguns usos dos vegetais pelos seres humanos e algumas de suas funções no ambiente, que se encontravam dispersos e passavam despercebidos. O método empregado foi a pesquisa em fontes bibliográficas, por meio da qual as categorias mais comuns da Etnobotânica foram incluídas e foram ampliadas com a inclusão de categorias de outras ciências ou criação de novas categorias. Após, Para isso, selecionou-se pelo menos um vegetal e uma fonte que referenciasse o uso ou função dessa categoria. O resultado foi a organização de um quadro contendo vinte nove categorias de usos e funções, com potencial para serem utilizadas no ensino de Botânica. O resultado dessa pesquisa, junto com ações e estratégias integradas, que estão relacionadas ao encantamento, afetividade e contextualização do ensino/aprendizagem, talvez possa contribuir para a prevenção e tratamento da cegueira botânica. Nesse sentido, o esperado é auxiliar na valorização e conservação das plantas, uma vez que quase todo ser vivo depende do reino vegetal para sobreviver, inclusive o ser humano, embora aja como se não dependesse.
Apresentação
Authors: Quadros Claudemir de 
Published: June 2021

A Regae: Revista de Gestão e Avaliação Educacional manteve o seu funcionamento regular e sem problemas de continuidade durante o ano de 2020. Investiu-se em duas ações que podem contribuir para a ampliação do alcance da divulgação dos trabalhos publicados no periódico: a intensificação do uso do perfil no Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/regae.ufsm - a criação de um canal no Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPSS8lz1B9dSaDvaKG4b4wQ. Neste canal passaram a ser disponibilizados vídeos gravados pelos autores dos textos publicados. Neles tem-se como finalidade apresentar os artigos e convidar para a leitura. Inscrevam-se no canal e contribuam para maior visibilidade da revista e do trabalho dos autores. No entendimento da editoria esta é uma das funções de um periódico: oferecer a oportunidade para que se comunique à sociedade os resultados do trabalho realizado, para que esta possa, a partir das informações e dados disponibilizados, otimizar as suas decisões, estabelecer rumos e avaliar os resultados alcançados. Ainda em 2020 houve a publicação de 31 artigos. Para estes resultados contribuíram o trabalho dos integrantes do conselho editorial, dos avaliadores e dos integrantes do Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da UFSM. Em 2021 espera-se publicar, pelo menos, 40 artigos, garantindo-se uma filiação institucional diversificada dos autores, tramitação célere e registros em importantes indexadores e catálogos, entre eles Doaj, Latindex, Redalyc, Redib, Amelica, Latinrev. Além disso, com o Qualis Capes 2017-2020, que posiciona a Regae no extrato superior - A4 - espera-se ampliação da demanda pelo periódico, bem como a intensificação do trabalho de tramitação, avaliação e publicação de artigos que pode contribuir para com o conhecimento e aprendizagem de pautas relacionadas com gestão, políticas e avaliação educacional no Brasil.
Kindergarten Teachers' Perspective on Early Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Caeiro Ana Paula , Franco Vítor 
Published: June 2021

In Portugal, children with developmental disorders are supported by the National Early Childhood Intervention System (NECIS). This network aims to promote child development from a family-centered perspective, based on community support and carried out in everyday natural contexts by a transdisciplinary team.
This study aims to verify how the NECIS responds to the needs identified by educators who receive children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in pre-school. This is a qualitative, multiple case study using the content analysis of 6 semi-structured interviews. The results show that these educators feel ill-prepared to work with children with ASD. They expect NECIS professionals will perform more targeted and rehabilitative work with the child and point out the limited time that they have to spend with children as one of the main constraints.
Effects of thiourea on the skull of Triturus newts during ontogeny
Authors: Ajduković Maja , Vučić Tijana , Cvijanović Milena 
Published: June 2021

Background
In amphibians, thyroid hormone (TH) has a profound role in cranial development, especially in ossification of the late-appearing bones and remodeling of the skull. In the present study, we explored the influence of TH deficiency on bone ossification and resulting skull shape during the ontogeny of Triturus newt hybrid larvae obtained from interspecific crosses between T. ivanbureschi and T. macedonicus.

Methods
Larvae were treated with two concentrations of thiourea (an endocrine disruptor that chemically inhibits synthesis of TH) during the midlarval and late larval periods. Morphological differences of the cranium were assessed at the end of the midlarval period (ontogenetic stage 62) and the metamorphic stage after treatment during the late larval period.

Results
There was no difference in the ossification level and shape of the skull between the experimental groups (control and two treatment concentrations) at stage 62. During the late larval period and metamorphosis, TH deficit had a significant impact on the level of bone ossification and skull shape with no differences between the two treatment concentrations of thiourea. The most pronounced differences in bone development were: the palatopterygoid failed to disintegrate into the palatal and pterygoid portions, retardation was observed in development of the maxilla, nasal and prefrontal bones and larval organization of the vomer was retained in thiourea-treated larvae.

Conclusions
This implies that deficiency of TH caused retardation in development and arrested metamorphic cranium skeletal reorganization, which resulted in divergent cranial shape compared to the control group. Our results confirmed that skull remodeling and ossification of late-appearing bones is TH–dependent, as in other studied Urodela species. Also, our results indicate that TH plays an important role in the establishment of skull shape during the ontogeny of Triturus newts, especially during the late larval period and metamorphosis, when TH concentrations reach their maximum.
Quality Index Method for Freshness Assessment of Chilled Japanese Flying Squid (Todarodes pacificus)
Authors: Mai Nga T. T. 
Published: June 2021

Aims: To develop and apply a quality index method (QIM) scheme for evaluating the freshness and estimating the shelf life of raw whole Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) stored at low temperatures.
Study design: A QIM scheme was developed through pre-observation and formation of a preliminary scheme, finalization of the protocol and training of judges. The scheme was then applied to evaluate the freshness of squid in comparison with control methods, which were quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), Torry scoring, and total viable count (TVC) determination.
Place and duration of study: Nha Trang University, Vietnam, between February and June 2012; and from November 2019 to January 2020.
Methodology: A total of 399 Japanese flying squids (Todarodes pacificus) of 50-70 g stored at 0-2°C were used in the study. Seven judges engaged in the QIM establishment and application. Control methods were QDA, Torry and TVC check. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used for studying the dataset main variance. Partial least square regression (PLS-R) was carried out to evaluate the possibility to predict storage time of the developed QIM scheme.
Results: The formulated QIM scheme for Japanese flying squid stored at low temperatures composed of 8 parameters, which are odour, eyes, skin pigment, skin elasticity, body shape, body texture, ink sac integrity, and head-body connection, forming a quality index (QI) range of 0-15. The PLS-R showed that the developed QIM protocol could give a shelf life estimation accuracy of ± 1.0 day if 7 squids from each batch were evaluated. The PCA showed that QDA parameters clustered into good and bad attribute groups, which characterised flesh and old/spoilt squid, respectively. QDA, Torry and TVC results revealed a maximal squid shelf life of 12 days at 0-2 °C.
Conclusion: The QIM scheme for chilled Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) could be used to estimate the remaining shelf life of the product with the precision of ± 1.0 day, using at least 7 squids of the same storage time for assessment. Squid exhibited a shelf life of 12 days at 0-2 °C.
The Level of Keratoconus Awareness among the Saudi Population in Riyadh
Authors: Alkadi Turad , Alruwaili Shahad , Mahfud Shahd Al , Alomair Fahad 
Published: June 2021

Aims: This study aims to reveal misconceptions about keratoconus, to assess the level of knowledge among Saudi nationals and to compare the level of awareness of keratoconus between affected and unaffected individuals.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey on a study population that consisted of Saudi nationals over the age of 18 from November until December 2020 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to assess the level of knowledge of keratoconus among the Saudi population.
Results: Three hundred and ten responses were obtained, the age range of the participants was between 18 to 50 years oldof which 182 were females and 128 were males. Thirty percent of participants stated that they had acquired their knowledge of keratoconus from the internet, while 29% stated that they had no knowledge of keratoconus at all. The majority of the sample (38.4%) had a high level of knowledge about keratoconus, 31.3% had a moderate level of knowledge and 30.3% had a low level of knowledge. A significant correlation between the level of knowledge and the diagnosis of keratoconus was found, in which keratoconus patients had a higher level of knowledge (44.2%) (p value < .05). Moreover, males (60.1%) had a higher level of awareness compared to females (23.1%) (p value < .05). Age had no significant effect on the level of knowledge (p value > .05).
Conclusion: The level of knowledge about keratoconus among the Saudi population in Riyadh is moderate to high. Keratoconus patients had a higher level of knowledge compared to unaffected participants. We recommend further assessment of the level of knowledge about keratoconus with a larger sample size in different provinces of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cardiac Patients Regarding Reversible Risk Factors
Authors: Rajper Faraz Qurban , Qureshi Ali , Tunio Ikram Ahmed , Mojai Sajid Ali , Siddiqui Muhammad Ilyas , Ahmer Arslan , Unar Ayaz , Unar Khalida , Ahmed Tahseen , Sabzoi Waqar Ahmed 
Published: June 2021

The major aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of numerous risk factors of cardio vascular disease among the local population of Sukkur district. Embracing of western culture and quick conversion of rural areas into urbanization leads to enhance the cardio vascular burden on the population of modern world. Developing countries has not enough medical facilities to overcome the burden of Cardio vascular Disease (CVD) and it is co-related with education and awareness about the cardiac disease.
Descriptive Crossectional study was carried out at National Institute of Cardio Vascular Disease (NICVD) Sukkur for the period of 06 months from July 2020 to December 2020. Total 186 patients were included in the study and the selection criteria for study subjects was depends on the different factors such as patients, who had admitted in the hospital for more than 03 days with positive Troponin T and disturbed ECG reports. A well designed questionnaire was used for the collection of demographic and clinical data from the patients regarding research.
From the obtained data 123 were male patients and area of residency of mostly patients was rural areas. 39 patients complain about chest pain, 74 about shoulder pain, 44 had severe headache and 29 were presented with cardiac arrest. 109 patients were diagnosed with hypertension, 34 had Diabetes Mellitus, 26 had gastric issues. Trop T test was positive among 91 patients, 109 had disturbed ECG. 64 patients were aware about various risk factors of CVD.
In our research it was concluded that people of interior Sindh were unaware of modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease when presented with heart problem, most of the population even couldn’t identify the obesity, physical exercise, heavy diets and smoking as major reversible risk factors for CVD. Mass counseling and seminar should be conducted from time to time in order to overcome the raising issues of cardio vascular disease and its risk factors.
Tailoring Noncovalent Interactions to Activate Persistent Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Doped Polyacrylonitrile Films
Authors: Wu Hongzhuo , Wang Deliang , Zhao Zheng , Wang Dong , Xiong Yu , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOrganic phosphors exhibiting room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in amorphous phase are good candidates for optoelectronic and biomedical applications. In this proof‐of‐concept work, a rational strategy to activate wide‐color ranged and persistent RTP from amorphous films by embedding electron‐rich organic phosphor into electron‐deficient matrix polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is presented. Through tailoring noncovalent interactions between the electron‐deficient PAN matrix and electron‐rich organic phosphors, an ultralong lifetime of 968.1 ms is obtained for doped film TBB‐6OMe@PAN. Control experiments conducted on the polymers polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) without electron‐withdrawing groups, and organic phosphors containing electron‐withdrawing groups indicate that the persistent RTP of doped films may be triggered by strong electrostatic interactions between electron‐deficient PAN and electron‐rich organic phosphor. Further theoretical calculations including electrostatic potential distributions, binding energies, and energy decomposing analysis demonstrate that both electrostatic and dispersion interactions between electron‐deficient PAN and electron‐rich organic phosphor are responsible for the activation of persistent RTP of doped films. In addition, the doped film TBB‐6OMe@PAN still maintains brightness even after soaking in water for 12 weeks. This excellent water resistance not only is favorable for future applications but also demonstrates an advantage of electrostatic and dispersion interactions over hydrogen bonding interactions.
Constructing Layered Nanostructures from Non‐Layered Sulfide Crystals via Surface Charge Manipulation Strategy
Authors: Zhang Shilin , Hong Jian , Zeng Xiaohui , Hao Junnan , Zheng Yang , Fan Qining , Pang Wei Kong , Zhang Chaofeng , Zhou Tengfei , Guo Zaiping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract2D non‐layered metal sulfides possess intriguing properties, rendering them bright application prospects in energy storage and conversion, however, the synthesis of non‐layered metal sulfide nanosheets is still significantly challenging. Herein, a surface‐charge‐regulating strategy is developed to fabricate microsized 2D non‐layered metal sulfides via manipulation of the isoelectric point, which can easily modulate the manner of surface charge arrangement during the growth of crystal nuclei. The result of this strategy are materials that are completely assembled with a preferred orientation but comprise a large lateral size with maintaining atomic thickness. A series of modified sulfides are successfully synthesized, demonstrating that their microarchitectures are shifted in an expected manner. Then, one of these materials, In4SnS8, approaches a promising candidate for sodium storage by means of its structural integrity, boosted transfer kinetics, and abundant active sites. The proposed synthetic protocol can open up a new opportunity to explore 2D non‐layered materials for energy‐related applications.