bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides on physico-chemical indices, antioxidant and oxidative stability of broiler chicken meat
Authors: Biswas Avishek , Mohan Namit , Dev Kapil , Mir Nasir Akbar , Tiwari Ashok Kumar 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe objective of this present study was to investigate the potentiality of prebiotics (mannan oligosaccharides-MOS and fructo-oligosaccharides-FOS) in replacement of antibiotic growth promoter and their relationship with physico-chemical indices, antioxidant and oxidative stability and carcass traits of broiler chickens meat. Accordingly, 240 day-old broiler chicks of uniform body weight divided in 6 treatment groups with 5 replicate each (5 × 6 = 30) having 8 birds in each replicate. Six corn based dietary treatments were formulated viz. T1 (control diet), T2 (T1 + Bacitracin methylene di-salicylate @ 0.002%), T3 (T1 + 0.1% MOS), T4 (T1 + 0.2% MOS), T5 (T1 + 0.1% FOS), and T6 (T1 + 0.2% FOS). Significant (p < 0.05) increase in cut up part yields (%) and reduction in cholesterol and fat content in T4 (0.2% MOS) group. The water holding capacity (WHC) and extract release volume (ERV) were increase (p < 0.05) in 0.1 or 0.2% MOS supplemented group. DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy) was higher (p < 0.05) and lipid oxidation (free fatty acid and thio-barbituric acid reactive substances) was lower (p < 0.05) in T4 group. The standard plate count (SPC), staphylococcus and coliform counts were decreased (p < 0.05) in T3 or T4 group. Thus, it can be concluded that mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) may be incorporated at 0.2% level in diet for improved physico-chemical indices, antioxidant and oxidative stability and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens meat and it may be suitable replacer of antibiotic growth promoter.
Prefrontal stimulation prior to motor sequence learning alters multivoxel patterns in the striatum and the hippocampus
Authors: Gann Mareike A. , King Bradley R. , Dolfen Nina , Veldman Menno P. , Davare Marco , Swinnen Stephan P. , Mantini Dante , Robertson Edwin M. , Albouy Geneviève 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMotor sequence learning (MSL) is supported by dynamical interactions between hippocampal and striatal networks that are thought to be orchestrated by the prefrontal cortex. In the present study, we tested whether individually-tailored theta-burst stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) prior to MSL can modulate multivoxel response patterns in the stimulated cortical area, the hippocampus and the striatum. Response patterns were assessed with multivoxel correlation structure analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired during task practice and during resting-state scans before and after learning/stimulation. Results revealed that, across stimulation conditions, MSL induced greater modulation of task-related DLPFC multivoxel patterns than random practice. A similar learning-related modulatory effect was observed on sensorimotor putamen patterns under inhibitory stimulation. Furthermore, MSL as well as inhibitory stimulation affected (posterior) hippocampal multivoxel patterns at post-intervention rest. Exploratory analyses showed that MSL-related brain patterns in the posterior hippocampus persisted into post-learning rest preferentially after inhibitory stimulation. These results collectively show that prefrontal stimulation can alter multivoxel brain patterns in deep brain regions that are critical for the MSL process. They also suggest that stimulation influenced early offline consolidation processes as evidenced by a stimulation-induced modulation of the reinstatement of task pattern into post-learning wakeful rest.
Precise membrane separation of nanoparticles using a microporous polymer containing radially π-conjugated molecular carbocycles
Authors: Wang Shengda , Huang Qiang , Wang Jinyi , Huang Pingsen , Fang Pengwei , Du Pingwu 
Published: October 2021

We report the synthesis of a novel π-conjugated porous polymer, which demonstrates a distinct small size cutoff (ca. 2.6 nm) and a major size at ∼1.5 nm for the size-selective separation of nanoparticles.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Experiences With Interpreters in the School Setting: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Saenz Terry Irvine , Langdon Henriette W. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
The purpose of this exploratory study was to obtain documentation about interpretive interactions that include speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and interpreters in public schools, including information on best practices and difficulties.

Method:
Seven California public school SLPs were interviewed by the authors using preset questions. Their responses were transcribed, then coded into 55 codes, and then combined into six different themes.

Results:
Results included the following six themes: (a) interpreter roles, (b) SLPs' characteristics or actions, (c) characteristics of effective interactions, (d) interpreters' positive characteristics or actions, (e) characteristics of ineffective interactions, and (f) interpreters' negative characteristics or actions. Some of the positive characteristics or actions reported about some interpreters included direct translation without adding, changing, or deleting information, knowledge of professional vocabulary, training as an interpreter, and demonstrating empathy. In addition, the majority of respondents stated that they used the briefing, interaction, and debriefing process in interpreted interactions.

Conclusions:
It was concluded that additional training of SLPs and interpreters was indicated. Given the small sample, generalizability is limited, but there is a need for further research, especially given that the quality of bilingual assessments and individualized education program rests directly on the skills of effective interpretation.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Practices Related to Evaluating Persistence Prognosis for Children Who Stutter: A Survey Study
Authors: Singer Cara M. , Kelly Ellen M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
Multiple studies and review papers have been published recently that provide recommendations to speech-language pathologists (SLPs) on how to assess young children who stutter and their likelihood of continuing to stutter or recovering naturally (i.e., prognosis). This study explored the current, self-reported evaluation practices of SLPs related to evaluating prognosis for a child who stutters.

Method:
Certified SLPs were recruited to complete an electronic questionnaire that focused on their experience, confidence, and practices evaluating preschool-aged children who stutter.

Results:
Findings, based on completed questionnaires from 87 SLPs, revealed that (a) assessing a child's chances of persisting is a common practice for many SLPs, (b) the types of information commonly collected during evaluations of young children, (c) the length SLPs typically spend on these evaluations (i.e., about an hour), and (d) SLPs' recommendations to caregivers influenced by a child's likelihood of persisting.

Conclusions:
SLPs are following many of the published recommendations for assessing preschoolers who stutter, including collecting risk factor information supported by empirical evidence and also valuing risk factors that have yet to receive much, if any, empirical exploration. Clinicians and researchers are encouraged to consider present findings when planning future work relative to evaluations of young children who stutter. Empirical evidence and clinical experience are, collectively, important sources of information in evidence-based practice.
International Telepractice for Therapy and Training: Auditory Verbal UK's Perspective
Authors: Clark Frances , Ashton Louise , Kenely Noel , Hogan Sarah 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
The aim of this clinical focus article is to discuss Auditory Verbal UK's (AVUK) training program for prospective listening and spoken language specialist certified auditory verbal (AV) therapists delivered globally via telepractice. Since 2015, AVUK has delivered training via telepractice to 18 countries. Consideration is given to the barriers and challenges of training across geographical and cultural boundaries, including access to technology, cultural and linguistic difference of families and trainees, and the differing global states of audiological practice for early intervention. Some possible solutions are offered. Although there have been calls for international consensus on early intervention, the reality of provision across Europe differs especially in the wake of COVID-19. From a global perspective, audiology and early intervention services differ considerably. Some countries are not up-to-date with the latest hearing technology and do not have access to tuning for cochlear implants or the technology required for families to attend therapy via telepractice.

Conclusions:
With appropriate technology, telepractice is a viable means of providing training in AV therapy. It builds communities across geographical areas, breaking down boundaries and facilitating global collaboration. Although considerable differences remain in both service provision and access to services across different countries, the passion of trainees worldwide and the good will of the AV community in supporting our colleagues give reason for optimism going forward.
Dysphagia in Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy: A Rapid Scoping Review
Authors: Abrams Sophia Werden , Chan Harmonie S. J. , Sikand Jasmeet , Wilkie Heather , Smith Kim 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:
Dysphagia is a common symptom of the rare genetic disease oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD). There are, however, limited resources and recommendations for speech-language pathologists who treat individuals with this condition. This review provides a consolidation of the literature to understand how the components and outcomes of intervention for dysphagia rehabilitation are described and studied in adults with OPMD.

Method:
A rapid scoping review was completed to identify studies related to dysphagia interventions for adults with OPMD. Data were extracted and analyzed through the lens of the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health frameworks.

Results:
A total of eight studies met the review criteria. Six of the studies described rehabilitative interventions, and three focused on outcomes of intervention. Rehabilitation interventions were not described in detail, and a wide variety of outcome measures were used.

Conclusions:
There is limited research to guide clinical decision-making and intervention for dysphagia rehabilitation in OPMD at this time. Neurodegenerative disorder research may be beneficial in guiding clinical practice. Further research is required to determine the most effective interventions for individuals with OPMD.
Critical Review of Online Resources Frequently Used by Certified Speech-Language Pathologists for Dysphagia Management
Authors: Hazelwood R. Jordan , Pollack Leanna M. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to identify the online resources that are frequently used by certified speech-language pathologists (SLPs) for dysphagia management and to evaluate these online resources against a standardized critical review metric.Method:Certified SLPs were surveyed and asked to describe their familiarity and confidence in critically reviewing online resources and to provide three online resources that they use to inform them about their management of patients with swallowing disorders. Three raters independently judged each online resource that was provided by survey respondents using the DISCERN Instrument. Relationships between respondent demographics and characteristics of online resources were explored.Results:Our results revealed that no patterns in DISCERN Instrument ratings for online resources were provided by the 48 respondents. There was no difference in who was more or less likely to choose credible online resources for dysphagia management when considering respondents' characteristics and familiarity and confidence in reviewing online resources. Most of the online resources provided by the respondents lacked a high level of reliability for most of the DISCERN Instrument review criteria.Conclusion:Professional training in the critical review of online resources used for managing dysphagia is needed across all levels of training.
Adaptive distributed finite‐time fault‐tolerant controller for cooperative braking of the vehicle platoon
Authors: Han Jinheng , Zhang Junzhi , He Chengkun , Lv Chen , Li Chao , Hou Xiaohui , Ji Yuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVehicle platooning can significantly reduce traffic accidents and enhance transportation safety. Among many subsystems and functionalities equipped in a vehicle platoon, cooperative braking is a safety‐critical one. Besides, as actuator faults would deteriorate vehicle safety and stability, they pose a great challenge to the platoon, particularly during cooperative braking. To address the aforementioned problems, this study designed an adaptive distributed finite‐time fault‐tolerant controller for vehicle platoons under cooperative braking condition. First, based on the graph theory and vehicle longitudinal dynamics, the cooperative braking model of a platoon is constructed. Then, the models of hydraulic braking system and regenerative braking system are developed with malfunction analysis. Based on the vehicle's fault model and the representation of the platoon consensus errors, an adaptive finite‐time sliding‐mode fault tolerant controller is proposed to maintain consensus between vehicle's states during fault occurring. Further, a distributed adaptive law is presented considering the parameter estimation error and sliding‐mode surface. The finite‐time convergence property and the stability of the proposed controller are demonstrated. Numerical simulations are conducted under different conditions. The simulation results reflected by the control performance and actuators' responses validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed control method.
Ten-Year (2010–2019) Activity Report of the Replantation Service for Hand and Finger Amputations in Poland
Authors: Zyluk Andrzej 
Published: October 2021

AbstractReplantation of amputated hands is now considered a routine procedure in countries representing high standards of medical care. However, organization of care for patients with hand amputations is not uniform and varies from country to country, even in the European Union. This article presents organization of the Replantation Service for hand amputations in Poland, and ten-year activity report of the Service. Data to this report were obtained by mailing questionnaires to seven participating departments.A total of 974 patients, 871 men (89 %) and 103 women (11 %) at a mean age of 40 years with total or subtotal amputations or other severe upper limb-threatening injuries were admitted to the seven units participating in the Service. The most common injury was multidigital amputation – 353 (36 %), followed by the thumb – 282 (29 %), the metacarpal and wrist – 231 (24 %) and the forearm and arm – 108 (11 %) amputations. The most common operation was replantation of totally amputated hands/fingers – 368 cases (38 %), followed by revascularization of subtotal amputated hands/fingers – 344 (35 %). Primary reconstruction of a complex injury to the hand was performed in 135 patients (14 %). The rate of survival of the replanted/revascularized hands/fingers was a mean of 80 %. The report is supported by literature review about replantation services in other countries.
Holoprosenzephalie – eine Krankheit mit vielen Facetten
Authors: Mittendorf Luisa , Stein Robert , Pfäffle Roland , Körner Antje , Abou Jamra Rami , Merkenschlager Andreas , Bertsche Astrid , Kiess Wieland 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHoloprosenzephalie (HPE) ist ein komplexes Krankheitsbild mit variabler genetischer und klinischer Ausprägung. Es existieren verschiedene Formen der HPE mit Unterschieden in der Schwere des Verlaufes. Die schwere Form der HPE stellen die lobare und alobare HPE dar, die mit Zyklopie (Vereinigung von beiden Augenanlagen in einer einzigen Orbita) einhergehen, wohingegen Minor-Formen/HPE-Spektrumerkrankungen eine Mikrozephalie und/oder Hypotelorismus oder eine Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalte aufweisen. Die genetischen Mechanismen sind noch nicht abschließend geklärt. Es wurden autosomal-dominante, rezessive und digenetische Vererbungsmuster beschrieben. Wir ergänzen das Spektrum der HPE-Erkrankungen um eine Patientin mit compound heterozygoter DISP1-Mutation, die einen Panhypopituitarismus in Kombination mit Entwicklungverzögerung, Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalte, persistierendem Ductus Arteriosus Botalli und Visusminderung aufweist.
Therapie mit Januskinasehemmern bei Autoimmunerkrankungen und Interferonopathien
Authors: Klein Ariane 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEine neuere Entwicklung bei der Pharmakotherapie der Autoimmunerkrankungen sind die Janus-Kinase (JAK)-Inhibitoren (JAKI) und Aktivatoren der Transkription (STAT).Der JAK/STAT-Signalweg und die damit verbundene Aktivierung des Transkription-Signalweges spielen offenbar eine zentrale Rolle in der Pathogenese vieler immunvermittelter Krankheiten, da die Wirkung vieler verschiedener Zytokine und anderer Moleküle hierüber vermittelt wird. JAKI wirken intrazellulär und können so gleichzeitig die Signalwege mehrerer Zytokine blockieren.Während des letzten Jahrzehnts wurden mehrere JAKI, die eines oder mehrere der an diesem Signalweg beteiligten Moleküle blockieren, entwickelt und in klinischen Studien für viele verschiedene Indikationen getestet. Obwohl der Schwerpunkt der JAKI für die Behandlung chronisch entzündlicher Erkrankungen auf der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) lag, gibt es andere immunvermittelte Erkrankungen, bei denen JAKI als therapeutische Optionen dienen könnten. Hierzu zählen Psoriasis, atopische Dermatitis, Alopezia areata, chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen, Interferonopathien und andere. Es soll hier ein Überblick über den Einsatz von JAKI bei immunvermittelten Erkrankungen abgesehen von der rheumatoiden Arthritis und der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis vermittelt werden.
JAK-Hemmer bei adulter und juveniler Arthritis
Authors: Hügle Boris 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Therapie kindlicher rheumatischer Erkrankungen hat sich über die letzten dreißig Jahre entschieden verbessert durch die Einführung von wirksamen Medikamenten einschließlich biologischer DMARDS. Trotzdem ist die nächste Neuerung bereits in Sicht: ‚small molecules‘ in Tablettenform, die unterhalb der Ebene der Zytokin-Rezeptor-Interaktion mehrere Signalwege gleichzeitig hemmen können. In der Erwachsenenheilkunde haben diese Medikamente schon Einzug gehalten und sind inzwischen ein unverzichtbarer Bestandteil der rheumatologischen Behandlung. Für Kinder wird die Einführung des ersten Medikaments dieser Art noch in diesem Jahr erwartet. Nicht nur die in Studien gezeigte gute Wirksamkeit weckt hohe Erwartungen, auch die für Kinder nicht zu vernachlässigende Verbesserung durch die orale Gabe wird von Kinderrheumatologen dankbar angenommen werden. Weitere Verbesserungen des Wirkmechanismus dieser Medikamente haben dazu geführt, dass sich aktuell mehr als ein Dutzend Wirkstoffe in der ‚Pipeline‘ befinden; einschneidende Änderungen in der Therapie der rheumatoiden Arthritis und der juvenilen Arthritiden sind hier auf Jahre hinaus zu erwarten.
Neue Kriterien zur Klassifikation und Diagnose der juvenilen Arthritis
Authors: Minden Kirsten , von Stuckrad Sae Lim 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSeit Mitte der 1990er-Jahre wird die heterogene Gruppe der chronischen Arthritiden des Kindes- und Jugendalters auf Empfehlung eines Expertengremiums der ILAR unter dem Oberbegriff juvenile idiopathische Arthritis zusammengefasst, wobei die Klassifikation der einzelnen Formen der JIA auf der Basis klinischer Parameter erfolgt. Diese international akzeptierte und heutzutage üblicherweise angewandte Klassifikation der JIA definiert sieben verschiedene Erkrankungen bzw. Kategorien der JIA, die sich in ihrer klinischen Präsentation, ihrem Verlauf sowie z. T. genetischen Hintergrund voneinander unterscheiden. Trotz vieler Vorzüge im Vergleich zu früheren Klassifikationen weist die ILAR-Klassifikation auch Schwächen auf. Neue Vorschläge zur Klassifikation der chronischen Arthritiden des Kindes- und Jugendalters, u. a. von der PRINTO, wurden gemacht. Ob sie die ILAR-Klassifikation ablösen werden, bleibt abzuwarten. Evaluationen der neuen Klassifikationskriterien der PRINTO sind unterwegs.
Adapted Bag-in-the-Lens Implantation Technique in Children with Congenital Ectopia Lentis
Authors: Van Os Luc , Hildebrand Göran Darius , Tassignon Marie-José 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Subluxation of the crystalline lens in childhood confronts the surgeon with a dilemma: to operate or to wait and see. Surgery is usually not performed when the subluxation is still limited. However, postponing the surgery increases the surgical difficulty as the capsular bag becomes more difficult to use as a means of support for the intraocular lens (IOL). A large number of children already present a pronounced subluxation at first presentation. In this paper, we describe a technique to optimise centration and fixation of the bag-in-the-lens (BIL) IOL in children younger than 7 years of age with congenital ectopia lentis.
Methods Between October 2019 and December 2020, we performed lens extraction using a combination of bean-shaped segments to support the BIL IOL and a 6 – 0 polypropylene loop fixated at the sclera, following the Yamane technique, for the purpose of centration. We used this technique for seven eyes of four patients. The patients were between 2 and 6 years old; 3 boys and 1 girl. A definite diagnosis of Marfan syndrome was made for two children; for the other two, there was no proven underlying pathology. The luxation was upwards in all cases. The degree of luxation was severe in all eyes. The preoperative refraction values showed high astigmatism values for all eyes, ranging from 6.5 to 11.25 dioptres. Three out of the four patients were myopic, ranging from − 1.5 to − 9 dioptres.
Results The surgery could be performed without major complications in all eyes. Good centration was obtained, which remained stable in the postoperative period. Refraction improved with greatly diminished degrees of astigmatism (ranging from 0.25 to 3 dioptres) and myopia (spheres ranging from − 2 to + 1.75 dioptres).
Conclusion Our novel technique incorporated the BIL technique with the addition of bean-shaped segments and a polypropylene 6/0 suture fixated at the sclera. In this way, we were able to obtain good centration and stability of the implanted IOL, as well as a good refractive outcome in all cases.
A novel pulsed magnet for magnetic linear birefringence measurements
Authors: Béard J. , Agil J. , Battesti R. , Rizzo C. 
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we describe a novel pulsed magnet, called foil coil, which can deliver a field transverse to the light propagation of more than 10 T over about 0.8 m operating without cryogenic equipment. It has been designed for linear magnetic birefringence measurements. We report on testing the coil and also show some physics data taken in vacuum during its commissioning in the framework of the Biréfringence Magnétique du Vide (BMV) apparatus, with special attention to noise induced by the pulse itself. Finally, we compare the preliminary results obtained here with data from the previous BMV coil.