bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collateral Ligament Reconstruction of a Distal Interphalangeal Joint with Chronic Instability
Authors: Hirakawa Akihiro , Komura Shingo , Nohara Marie , Shimizu Takashi , Matsumoto Kazu , Akiyama Haruhiko 
Published: October 2021

Case:
A 33-year-old man presented with a painful instability of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint of the little finger after recurrent sports-related traumatic injuries. Stress testing and radiography demonstrated the instability of the ulnar collateral ligament. We performed an ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction of the DIP joint using the palmaris longus tendon. One year after surgery, the patient reported a painless and stable DIP joint with good functional outcome.

Conclusion:
This procedure could be a viable treatment option for active, high-demand patients experiencing chronic symptomatic instability of the DIP joint because of a longstanding tear of the collateral ligament.
Pregnancy-Associated Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor of the Tarsal Navicular
Authors: Smith Haley E. , Arpey Nicholas C. , Alexiev Borislav , Peabody Terrance D. , Attar Samer 
Published: October 2021

Case:
A 30-year-old pregnant woman with perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) of the tarsal navicular underwent intralesional curettage with allograft at 30 weeks' gestation. She had an uncomplicated delivery at term and is ambulating without tumor recurrence at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:
PEComas are rare tumors most commonly found in soft tissues but have been reported in bone and are occasionally associated with pregnancy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pregnancy-associated PEComa of bone.
Found Down Extremity Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Substance Use
Authors: Smith Richard D.J. , Mortensen Sharri J. , Zhang Dafang , Smith Malcolm R. , Weaver Michael J. , von Keudell Arvind G. 
Published: October 2021

Background:
With the worsening opioid epidemic in America, more patients are developing found down extremity compartment syndrome (FDECS). The purpose of this study was to describe this patient population, including their presenting symptoms, laboratory test results, and clinical outcomes.

Methods:
We performed a 2-center retrospective review of adult patients who developed FDECS secondary to substance use from January 2006 to December 2019. Patients were managed operatively or nonoperatively at the surgeon’s discretion. Data on patient demographic characteristics, laboratory values, hospital course, and clinical outcomes were collected from electronic medical records.

Results:
In this study, 91 patients were included: 85 patients were managed operatively, and 6 patients were managed nonoperatively. Most patients were male, and the mean patient age (and standard deviation) was 37 ± 11 years. Opioids were the most common substance used. Patients managed operatively underwent a mean of 4 ± 3 surgical procedures, 44% received a skin graft, 25% developed a wound infection, and 11% underwent limb amputation. Patients managed nonoperatively did not undergo a subsequent fasciotomy or amputation. At a mean follow-up of 2.3 years, persistent weakness (66%), pain (78%), persistent sensory deficits (53%), and contractures (18%) were common.

Conclusions:
Patients who develop FDECS secondary to substance use have high surgical complication rates and poor clinical outcomes. We found high rates of wound infection, revision surgical procedures, and amputation, often leaving young adults with lifelong disability.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
3-D Land Seismic Acquisition in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hastings-James Richard , Al-Yahya Kamal M. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTBetween 1991 and 1996, Saudi Aramco has acquired more than 8,500 square kilometers of 3-D seismic data in Saudi Arabia. During this time, a universal approach to 3-D acquisition has been developed. The resulting acquisition schemes use a dense source point grid with a low sweep effort per source point, and a high number of recorded channels distributed over a large surface aperture. This sampling strategy results in high fold data. Cost-effectiveness is achieved by ensuring that the source and receiver effort are balanced. Comparisons have shown that increases in surface aperture and fold, cross-line fold in particular, improve the data quality significantly at a marginal increase in cost. The cost per unit of data is made significantly lower even if the cost per unit of time may increase.
Genome-Wide Analysis of The ID Family of Bhlh TF’s In Glial Tumours
Authors: Choudhury Shouhartha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The inhibitor of differentiation (ID) family of TF’s accumulated the result of development. This subgroup of bHLH TF’s is an inverse regulator that acquires to constrain segregation and stimulate proliferation. The ID family of bHLH TF's control the reactions of homodimer and heterodimer by motions of E proteins (Class A) and tissue-specific (Class B) bHLH domain. A recent report suggested ID genes act to enhance the proliferative potential of tumour astrocytes. Those reports supported ID genes are mighty regulators in tumour-angiogenesis and govern the malignant response of glial tumours. So, I performed bioinformatics and computational application to the current knowledge of the ID family in two different genomes. Results: My finding supported the number of ID1-ID4 genes and their encoded proteins present in two isolated organisms. Therefore, I documented the molecular functions and mechanisms linked with the ID family of TF’s in mammals. Those mechanisms assume the ID1-ID4 of bHLH domains reveals an inherent role during differentiation, cell-cycle regulation, and cellular growth. Conclusion: My finding data provided the foundation of ID1-ID4 genes in glial tumours. Also, the numerous molecular mechanisms described the hallmark of glial development.
Comparison of Outcome of Total Arch Replacement for Type A Aortic Dissection using Trifurcated Branch Graft vs Island Technique- A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Inamdar Kamran Yunus , Xu Hua shan , Bing Wen , Guochang Zhao , Singh Chhatrapratap , Zhao Wenzheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: To compare the outcome between trifurcated graft vs island technique for the treatment of type A aortic dissection in a single centre.Method: From september 2017 to september 2020, we studied 87 patients retrospectively, who underwent total arch replacement for type A aortic dissection. Out of which 51 patients, age(47.45 ± 10.47) years, 39(76.47%) males and 12(23.52%) females were surgically corrected by trifurcated branch graft technique and 36 patients age(52.75 ± 10.32) years, 27(75%) males and 9(25%) females with island technique. In both the groups, peri- operative outcomes were compared. Patients were followed up for 3 months and 6 months in both the groups.Result: Elective Surgery was done in 16(31.37%) and 6(16.66%) in trifurcated branch graft and island group respectively. Selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) was given by the Axillary artery in {48(94.11%) in trifurcated group and 3(8.33%) in island group, p=<.00001}.SACP was given by Innominate artery {5(9.83%) in trifurcated group and 33(91.66%) in island group, p=<.00001}. Trifurcated branch group and Island group had Cardiopulmonary Bypass time, cross clamp time, total circulatory arrest time of (245 ± 33.30),(117.62 ± 29.38),(54.33 ± 13.19) min and (195.88 ± 32.83),(70.11 ± 20.62),(33.52 ± 8.683)(p=<.00001); respectively. 30 day mortality was 5(9.83%) in trifurcated group and 3(8.33%) in island group (p=0.815).Conclusion: Trifurcated branched graft and island technique, have comparable results, only prerequisite being surgeons comfortability and experience. Trifurcated branch graft being associated with longer CPB, cross clamp and circulatory arrest time, but with no difference in overall adverse outcomes or mortality.
The Effect of Co-exposure to Glyphosate, Cadmium, and Arsenic on Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Sung Junne-Ming , Chang Wei-Hsiang , Liu Kuan-Hung , Chen Chung Yu , Mahmudiono Trias , Wang Wan-Ru , Hsu Ho-Chi , Li Zhen-Yi , Chen Hsiu-Ling 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The usage of glyphosate is increasing worldwide. Glyphosate and its major metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), are of potential toxicological concern in unknown chronic kidney disease (CKDu). As with Cd and other elements, glyphosate exposure has been reported as risk factor for CKDu in farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of co-exposure to glyphosate and heavy metals in chronic kidney disease. In this study, the urine samples from 55 patients with CKD and 100 participants without CKD were analyzed for glyphosate, As, Cd, and Pb concentrations, and eGFR. Negative associations between glyphosate, AMPA, As, and Cd concentrations in the urine and eGFR were found for study subjects (p < 0.05). With regard to the effect of co-exposure, the odds ratios (OR) for subjects with an eGFR of < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was significant because of the high Cd concentration (> 1 µg/g creatinine; OR = 7.57, 95% CI = 1.91–29.95). With regard to the effect of co-exposure, the OR for subjects with an of eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 was significant at high glyphosate concentration (> 1 µg/g creatinine; OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.13–2.16) and As concentration (> 1 µg/g creatinine; OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00–1.02). These results showed that glyphosate, AMPA, As, and Cd have an effect on CKD; notably, Cd, As, and glyphosate exposure can be important risk factors after stage 3a of CKD, and that there was a co-exposure effect of As and glyphosate in CKD after stage 3b. The potential health impacts of glyphosate should be considered, especial for patients with CKD and eGFR below 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Perspectives of Service Providers on Aftercare Service Provision for Persons with Substance Use Disorders at a Rural District in South Africa.
Authors: Mpanza December Mandlenkosi , Govender Pragashnie , Voce Anna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Provision of aftercare services for persons with substance use disorders (PWSUD) within a rural context is typically met with various intersecting challenges, including unclear policy implications and lack of resources. In the South African context, service providers are expected to provide aftercare services that should achieve successful reintegration of persons with PWSUD into society, the workforce, family and community life as mandated by Act No. 70 of 2008, despite population diversity. Little has been established on the provision of aftercare services in South Africa and specifically within a rural context. This article explores the perspectives of service providers in aftercare service provision for PWSUD in a rural district.Methods: A qualitative exploratory study design was conducted in a rural district in South Africa using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with forty-six service providers from governmental and non-governmental institutions, ranging from implementation to policy level of service provision. Data were analyzed thematically using a deductive approach. Codes were predetermined from the questions and the aims and objectives of the study used Beer’s Viable Systems Model as a theoretical framework. NVivo Pro 12 qualitative data analysis software guided the organization and further analysis of the data.Results: Four themes emanated from the data sets. Theme 1 on reflections of the interactional state of aftercare services and program content identified the successes and inadequacies of aftercare interventions including relevant recommendations for aftercare services. Themes 2, 3, and 4 demonstrate reflections of service provision from implementation to policy level, namely, identifying existing barriers to aftercare service provision, situating systemic enablers to aftercare service provision, and associated aftercare system recommendations. Conclusions: The intersecting systemic complexities of providing aftercare services in a rural context in South Africa was evident. There existed minimal enablers for service provision in this rural district. Service providers are confronted with numerous systemic barriers at all levels of service provision. To strengthen the aftercare system, policies with enforcement of aftercare services are required. Moreover, a model of aftercare that is integrated into the existing services, family centered, sensitive to the rural context and one that encourages the collaboration of stakeholders could also strengthen and sustain the aftercare system and service provision.
Impact of Age at Onset on Symptom Profiles, Treatment Characteristics and Health-Related Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Odin Per , Norlin Jenny , Kellerborg Klas , Raket Lars , Martinez-Martin Pablo , Oudin Daniel 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is typically considered an age-related disease, but the age at disease onset can vary by decades between patients. Aging and aging-associated diseases can affect the movement system independently of PD, and advanced age has previously been proposed to be associated with a more severe PD phenotype with accelerated progression. In this work, we investigated how interactions between PD progression and aging affect a wide range of outcomes related to PD motor and nonmotor symptoms as well as Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and treatment characteristics. This population-based cohort study is based on 1436 PD patients from southern Sweden followed longitudinally for up to approximately 7.5 years from enrollment. Higher age at onset was generally associated with faster progression of motor symptoms, with a notable exception of dyskinesia and other levodopa-associated motor fluctuations that had less severe trajectories for patients with higher age at onset. Mixed results were observed for emergence of non-motor symptoms, while higher age at onset was generally associated with worse HRQoL trajectories. Accounting for these identified age-associated differences in disease progression could positively impact patient management and drug development efforts.
Photonic Reservoir Computing for Real-Time Respiratory Motion Prediction
Authors: Liang Zhizhuo , Zhang Meng , Shi Chengyu , Huang Z. Rena 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The application of reservoir computing (RC) is for the first time studied in a class of forecasting tasks in which signals are under random physical perturbations, meaning that the data-baring waveform distortions are versatile, and the process is not repeatable. Tumor movement caused by respiratory motion is such a problem and real-time prediction of tumor motion is required by the clinical radiotherapy. In this work, a true-time delay (TTD) respiration monitor based on photonic RC with adjustable nodes connection is developed specifically for this task. A breathing data set from a total of 76 patients with breathing speeds ranging from 3 to 20 breath per minute (BPM) are studied. A double-sliding window technology is demonstrated to enable the real-time establishment of an individually trained model for each patient and the real-time processing of live-streamed tumor position data. Motion prediction of look-ahead times of 66.6 ms, 166.6 ms and 333 ms are investigated. With a 333 ms look-ahead time, the real-time RC model achieves an average normalized mean square error (NMSE) of 0.0246, an average mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.338 mm, an average therapeutic beam exposure efficiency of 94.14% for an absolute error (AE) < 1mm and 99.89% for AE < 3mm. This study demonstrates that real-time RC is an efficient computing framework for high precision respiratory motion prediction.
Comparison of Urinary Adiponectin in the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome in Peri- and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Vichinsartvichai Patsama , Teeramara Rattana , Jirasawas Titima , Sakoonwatanyoo Prirayapak 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To find the association between urinary adiponectin and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in peri- and postmenopausal women and its potential application as a noninvasive screening for MetS.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in healthy peri- and postmenopausal women (defined by STRAW+10 staging) age at least 40 years who attended annual checkup or menopause clinic were recruited. Baseline demographic data, MENQOL, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, laboratory (FBS, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG) and urinary adiponectin were collected. The MetS was diagnosed according to JIS 2009.
Results
290 peri- and postmenopausal women had participated. The prevalence of Mets among our participants was 18%. Urinary adiponectin levels were similar in peri- and postmenopausal women with and without MetS (2.6±2.2 vs 2.3±1.9 ng/mL, respectively, P = 0.55). Urinary adiponectin provides no diagnostic value for MetS (AUC = 0.516).
Conclusions
Urinary adiponectin has no role in screening and diagnosis of MetS in peri- and postmenopausal women. The quest toward noninvasive screening for MetS is still going on.
Coal Dust Exposure Triggers Heterogeneity of Transcriptional Profiles in Mouse Pneumoconiosis and Vitamin D Remedies
Authors: Mu Min , Li Bing , Zou Yuanjie , Wang Wenyang , Cao Hangbing , Zhang Yajun , Sun Qixian , Chen Haoming , Ge Deyong , Tao Huihui , Hu Dong , Yuan Liang , Tao Xinrong , Wang Jianhua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Coal dust particles (CDP), an inevitable by-product of coal mining for the environment, mainly causes coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP). Long-term exposure to coal dust leads to a complex alternation of biological processes during regeneration and repair in the healing lung. However, the cellular and molecular mechanism of abnormal homeostasis in lung tissue are not explicit. Methods: This study mainly investigated the pulmonary toxicity of respirable-sized CDP in mice using unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing. CDP (less than 5μm) collected from the coal mine was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Mass Spectrometer. In addition, western blotting, Elisa, QPCR was used to detect gene expression at mRNA or protein levels. Pathological analysis including HE staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to characterize the structure and functional alternation in the pneumoconiosis mouse and verify the reliability of single-cell sequencing results.Results: SEM image and Mass Spectrometer analysis showed that coal dust particles generated during coal mine production have been crushed and screened with a diameter of less than 5 µm and contained less than 10% silica. Dust can intranasally enter the alveoli in mice. Compared with the control group, alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages showed apparent heterogeneity after long-term exposure to CDP. Alveolar structure and pulmonary microenvironment were destroyed, leading to pneumoconiosis after coal dust stimulation. A distinct abnormally increased 39 population of alveolar type 2 epithelial cells (AT2) was classified with a highly active state but reducing the antimicrobial-related protein expression of LYZ and Chia1 after CDP exposure. Unique 40 inflammatory factors and signaling pathways further characterized critical signal exchanges between epithelial cells and macrophages. Apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis pathways were activated. A new subset of macrophages with M2-type polarization double expressed MLPH+/CD206+ was found in mice having pneumoconiosis but markedly decreased after the vitamin D treatment. Activated MLPH+/CD206+ M2 macrophages secreted TGF-β1 and are sensitive to vitamin D treatment. Beclin1, LC3B, LAMP2, TGF-ß, and MLPH were up-regulated, promoting autophagy and pulmonary fibrosis. Vitamin D supplements can reduce the cytotoxicity induced by CDP. This study first reconstructed the pathologic progression and transcriptome landscape of coal-pneumoconiosis and the therapeutic opportunity of vitamin D in mice.
Family With Sequence Similarity 46 Member A Confers Chemo-Resistance to Ovarian Carcinoma via TGF-β/Smad2 Signaling
Authors: Liang Suiying , Liu Yueyang , He Jianhui , Gao Tian , Li Lanying , He Shanyang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy with depressive 5-year survival rate, mainly due to patients with advanced stages experience tumor recurrence and resistance to the current chemotherapeutic agents. Thus, discovering the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in chemo-resistance is crucial for management of treatment to improve therapeutic outcomes. Methods: The protein and mRNA expression of FAM46A in ovarian cancer cell lines and patient tissues were determined using Real-time PCR and Western blot and IHC respectively. Functional assays, such as MTT, FACS assay used to determine the oncogenic role of FAM46A in human ovarian cancer progression. Furthermore, western blotting and luciferase assay were used to determine the mechanism of FAM46A promotes chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Results: In the current study, we found overexpression of FAM46A expression in ovarian cancer patients demonstrated an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis. Furthermore, FAM46A overexpression in ovarian cancer cells demonstrated higher CDDP resistance ability; however, inhibition of FAM46A sensitized ovarian cancer cell lines to CDDP cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, upregulation of FAM46A activated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling and upregulated the levels of nuclear Smad2. Conclusions: Taken together, our results highlight the important oncogenic role of FAM46A in ovarian cancer progression and might provide a potential clinical target for patients with chemoresistant ovarian cancer.
Improving Maggot Therapy: Mass Rearing And Molecular Identification of Lucilia Sericata (Meigen, 1826) Larvae In Maggotarium, School of Health, Shiraz
Authors: Bagheri Masoumeh , Alipour Hamzeh , Shahriari-Namadi Marziea , Malekpour Seyed Hossein , Raz Abasali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Lucilia sericata as a member of the family Caliphoridae has a complete metamorphosis. They feed on on necrotic and livingtissues as necrophage species. Sterile larvae of this species has been utilized to heal wounds for decades. The aim of this study were to establish the breeding and identifying of the L.sericata species based on morphological and molecular techniques. Freshly harvested grown under standard conditions in the maggotarium of Health School , Shiraz of. They were screened using conventional morphology, then Primarily, different parameters related to larvae were measured morphologically. Subsequently, DNA was extracted and molecular marker of cytochrome C oxidase (co1) was amplified using PCR assay and sequence data were used for molecular and phylogenetic analysis. Result: In this study, 50 samples which grown collected from maggotarium were identified as L. sericata using morphological and molecular methods. This species was placed in a separate clade of the phylogenetic tree based on COI nucleotide sequences of different species and has a phylogenetic similarity to Lucilia purpurascens species of flies. Conclusion: Larval therapy especially by Lucilia sericata is a promising strategy in wound healing. Due to the importance of larval species in this technique, having an accurate knowledge of aplicable species leads to a proper larval therapy. Increasing in resistance of wounds to antibiotics has led to the use of maggot therapy in the past. Larval therapy is a low-cost, non-surgical way to remove dead tissue (predecessors and necrosis) in chronic wounds and prevents excessive soft tissue damage and infection from reaching the underlying tissues and bones (osteomyelitis). Maggot therapy is a promising way to prevent amputation, especially in people with diabetes.