A Seismic Alert System for Oil & Gas Offshore Fields
Authors: Poggi Pamela , Fiorini Emilia , Tonoli Daniela , Ioele Francesca , Parker Eric John , Musetti Alberto , Di Martino Enrico , Folcini Fabio 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Objectives/Scope
This paper presents an innovative web tool developed for the seismic monitoring of critical infrastructure. As an example, we describe an application for the ENI offshore facilities, Jangkrik and Merakes Fields Development, offshore Indonesia.

Methods, Procedures, Process
The system monitors reported seismic activity in a project area, and issues warnings when earthquakes detected may have directly or indirectly impacted facilities. Notifications allow the owner to optimize decisions regarding post-earthquake asset surveys and maintenance, avoiding the need for inspections in areas not significantly affected. A system of email alerts and a web based GIS platform provide the end-user with a tool to control its own assets.

Results, Observations, Conclusions
The purpose of the tool is to indirectly monitor earthquakes in an area and identify those which may have damaged the Oil and Gas facilities of interest. This identification requires accurate near real-time earthquake data such as date, time, location, magnitude, and focal depth. To this end, the system retrieves earthquake data from a qualified set of public seismic agencies. The system computes the expected values of shaking at the specific offshore facilities (platforms, subsea structures, pipelines, etc.). Calculations are based on sets of Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) selected to match the seismotectonic environment. The expected values of seismic acceleration generated by an earthquake are compared with threshold values and a warning message is issued to the facilities supervisors when the ground acceleration exceeds design values. Threshold values related to secondary seismic effects (e.g., seismically induced landslides, debris flow) which could affect facilities integrity are also considered in the alert system. Threshold values are defined considering project seismic and geohazard documents, to summarize strong ground motion parameters that could potentially trigger damaging seismic geohazards, and project design documents to collect all data about seismic design of the assets. Monitoring intervals are defined based on the documentation screening. Several alarm levels are selected, based on the potential severity of earthquake effects. The more severe levels of ground motion, with high damage potential, can trigger recommendation for inspection.

Novel/Additive Information
Asset integrity and safety are key drivers in the offshore petroleum industry. Safety performance with respect to earthquakes is a fundamental issue in all seismic prone areas. The seismic alert system presented highlights, in near real time, earthquakes that are potentially critical for structures in an Oil and Gas field. This allows the owners to make quick decisions and plan necessary intervention regarding assets affected directly or indirectly by earthquakes. Exploiting the wide background of knowledge in engineering and geoscience and the modern availability of global earthquake data, the tool can provide useful assistance in managing asset integrity, regardless of the availability of local seismic networks or strong motion stations.