bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of emerging technology influences product placement effectiveness: a scoping study from interactive marketing perspective
Authors: Pavlič Jani , Tomažič Tina , Kožuh Ines 
Published: November 2021

PurposeInteractive marketing (IM) has influenced commercial communication, including product placement (PP), which has become an essential form of integrating brands within the mass media. Existing research on PP has exceeded traditional TV and movies, and there is a lack of reviews considering the advanced technological perspectives. This scoping study aims to investigate PP in the context of IM and explore relations between technology-related factors and the effects of placement.Design/methodology/approachThe scoping study follows a systematic approach with strictly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, research questions and a search strategy to identify relevant studies and extract the data. A two-stage screening process on 713 publications resulted in 42 studies for the final examination.FindingsThe results complemented existing theory by identifying and synthesizing the essential technology-related factors and their (un)favorable impacts on PP effectiveness, where interactivity was examined the most frequently. The results also outlined the (un)explored concepts of PP according to media technology and related factors, and show a prevailing research interest in in-game advertising and cognitive responses. Accordingly, the study provides implications for marketers and directions for future research.Originality/valueThis review is the first to examine PP studies in the context of IM and technology-related factors influencing the effect of placement.
Interrelations between enhanced emotional intelligence, leadership self-efficacy and task-oriented leadership behaviour–a leadership coaching study
Authors: Halliwell Peter , Mitchell Rebecca , Boyle Brendan 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate interrelations between enhanced emotional intelligence, leadership self-efficacy and task-oriented leadership behaviour following participation in leadership coaching.Design/methodology/approachOrganisational leaders (coachees) (N = 70) and their subordinates (N = 175) completed online questionnaires pre- and post-coaching. To account for pre-coaching scores, construct latent change scores were assessed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsResults indicate a positive association between enhanced emotional intelligence and leadership self-efficacy, however, little support was found for leadership self-efficacy as a mediator explaining an association between enhanced emotional intelligence and task-oriented leadership behaviour.Practical implicationsOrganisations aiming to improve leader performance through enhancing emotional intelligence and leadership self-efficacy may find value in leadership coaching due to the intervention's positive effect on these constructs, and the positive association observed between developmental changes in these constructs.Originality/valueResearch on the interrelation between emotional intelligence and leadership self-efficacy is scarce. This study extends the literature by investigating the interrelation between developmental changes between these constructs brought about by leadership coaching using latent change scores and PLS-SEM. The study also assesses whether enhanced leadership self-efficacy mediates an association between enhanced emotional intelligence and task-oriented leadership behaviour building on the literature explaining coaching's effect mechanisms.
Prediction of load requirement and instabilities during end forming of friction stir processed AA 6063-T6 thin-walled tubes
Authors: Agrawal Arvind K. , Narayanan R. Ganesh 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe current work aims to propose a finite element (FE) simulation methodology to predict the formability of friction stir processed (FSPed) tubes by end forming. Moreover, a strain mapping method is also presented to predict the end forming instabilities.Design/methodology/approachIn this work, FE simulation of end forming of raw tubes and FSPed AA6063-T6 tubes are done using Abaqus (explicit) incorporating anisotropic properties of the raw tube and FSPed zone. Actual thickness of the FSPed zone is also implemented. Expansion, reduction and beading are the end forming operations considered. Load requirement and instabilities are predicted. A new method “strain mapping method” is followed to predict the failure instabilities in expansion and beading, while during reduction, wrinkling is predicted by FE simulations. Lab scale experiments on FSP and end forming are done for validation at various rotational speeds.FindingsResults reveal that in the case of expansion and reduction of FSPed tubes, forming load predictions are accurate, while in beading, after initiation of bead, predictions are not accurate. Experimental observation on the type of instability is consistently predicted during numerical simulations. Prediction of displacement at failure by strain mapping method is encouraging in most of the cases including those that are FSPed. Hence, it is suggested that the method can be utilized to evaluate the onset of failure during tube expansion and beading.Originality/valueFE simulation methodology including anisotropic properties of raw tube and FSPed tubes is proposed, which is not attempted until now even for normal tubes. Strain mapping method is easy to implement for instability predictions, which is done usually by failure theories and forming limit diagram.
Pregnancies in women with Turner syndrome: a retrospective multicentre UK study
Authors: Cauldwell M , Steer PJ , Adamson D , Alexander C , Allen L , Bhagra C , Bolger A , Bonner S , Calanchini M , Carroll A , Casey R , Curtis S , Head C , English K , Hudsmith L , James R , Joy E , Keating N , MacKiliop L , McAuliffe F , Morris RK , Mohan A , Von Klemperer K , Kaler M , Rees DA , Shetty A , Siddiqui F , Simpson L , Stocker L , Timmons P , Vause S , Turner HE 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveTo determine the characteristics and outcomes of pregnancy in women with Turner syndrome.DesignRetrospective 20‐year cohort study (2000–20).SettingSixteen tertiary referral maternity units in the UK.Population or sampleA total of 81 women with Turner syndrome who became pregnant.MethodsRetrospective chart analysis.Main outcome measuresMode of conception, pregnancy outcomes.ResultsWe obtained data on 127 pregnancies in 81 women with a Turner phenotype. All non‐spontaneous pregnancies (54/127; 42.5%) were by egg donation. Only 9/31 (29%) pregnancies in women with karyotype 45,X were spontaneous, compared with 53/66 (80.3%) pregnancies in women with mosaic karyotype 45,X/46,XX (P < 0.0001). Women with mosaic karyotype 45,X/46,XX were younger at first pregnancy by 5.5–8.5 years compared with other Turner syndrome karyotype groups (P < 0.001), and more likely to have a spontaneous menarche (75.8% versus 50% or less, P = 0.008). There were 17 miscarriages, three terminations of pregnancy, two stillbirths and 105 live births. Two women had aortic dissection (2.5%); both were 45,X karyotype with bicuspid aortic valves and ovum donation pregnancies, one died. Another woman had an aortic root replacement within 6 months of delivery. Ten of 106 (9.4%) births with gestational age data were preterm and 22/96 (22.9%) singleton infants with birthweight/gestational age data weighed less than the tenth centile. The caesarean section rate was 72/107 (67.3%). In only 73/127 (57.4%) pregnancies was there documentation of cardiovascular imaging within the 24 months before conceiving.ConclusionsPregnancy in women with Turner syndrome is associated with major maternal cardiovascular risks; these women deserve thorough cardiovascular assessment and counselling before assisted or spontaneous pregnancy managed by a specialist team.Tweetable abstractPregnancy in women with Turner syndrome is associated with an increased risk of aortic dissection.
Applying posterior probability informed thresholds to traditional cranial trait sex estimation methods
Authors: Avent Patricia R. , Hughes Cris E. , Garvin Heather M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSex estimation methods using traditional cranial nonmetric traits utilize predictive models to produce a final sex estimation, using the resulting model's score to classify the individual. When sex estimations are assigned from discriminant scoring alone, statistical confidence in the resultant estimate is not always assessed or reported. Although some forensic anthropologists may qualitatively report their confidence in the assessment (e.g., “probable male”), these statements are subjective, not standardized, and not necessarily based on statistical results in a uniform way. The goals of this study were to evaluate how posterior probability‐informed thresholds (PPITs) impacted accuracy rates, assess the balance between sample inclusion and accuracy for the proposed PPIT approach, and make recommendations for the use and interpretation of specific thresholds in casework. Using a sample of U.S. Black and White females and males (n = 292), we examined how PPITs can standardize the decision‐making process of inferring sex for two methods using nonmetric cranial traits. We found that using PPITs of at least 0.85 increased accuracy (over 92% for some PPITs) yet remained highly inclusive of the sample. PPITs < 0.75 did not produce classification accuracy rates significantly higher than chance, and when using these cranial trait sex estimation methods, cases with posterior probabilities (PPs) <0.75 should be reported as “indeterminate.” The 0.75–0.84 PPIT interval had an accuracy rate of 76%, which was both statistically significantly different from chance as well as from the higher (>0.85) groups, suggesting that although sex estimation at this level may be acceptable, the results hold lower confidence.
A rodent anchored hybrid enrichment probe set for a range of phylogenetic utility: From order to species
Authors: Bangs Max R. , Steppan Scott J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRodents are the largest order of mammals and contain several model organisms important to scientific research in a variety of fields, yet no large set of genomic markers have been designed for this group to date, hindering evolutionary studies into relationships of the group as a whole. Here we present a genomic probe set designed and optimized for rodents with a protocol that is easy to replicate with little laboratory investment. This design utilizes an anchored hybrid enrichment approach specifically targeting rodents to generate longer loci with a higher substitution rate than existing vertebrate probes to provide utility at various taxonomic levels. Using a test set of rodents from all five suborders, we successfully obtained alignments for 416 of the 418 target loci with an average of 1379 bp per locus and a total alignment of more than half a million base pairs. This genomic data set performed well in all phylogenetic analyses, especially in recent phylogenetic splits, with ample parsimony‐informative sites within genera and even within species, showing more than four times as many single nucleotide polymorphisms per locus than a recent vertebrate ultraconserved elements study. Additional support is provided in resolving deeper clades in Rodentia. By providing this probe design, we hope that more laboratories can easily generate data for answering questions in rodents from species delimitation to understanding relationships among families in rapid radiations.
Chromosome‐level genome and population genomic analysis provide insights into the evolution and environmental adaptation of Jinjiang oysterCrassostrea ariakensis
Authors: Wu Biao , Chen Xi , Yu Mengjun , Ren Jianfeng , Hu Jie , Shao Changwei , Zhou Liqing , Sun Xiujun , Yu Tao , Zheng Yanxin , Wang Yan , Wang Zhenyuan , Zhang He , Fan Guangyi , Liu Zhihong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Jinjiang oysterCrassostrea ariakensis, naturally distributing in estuarine regions with low salinity, is an important economic and ecological species in China. However, studies on its genomics and population genetics remain lacking. Here, we assembled the chromosome‐level genome of a femaleC. ariakensisand re‐sequenced 261 individuals from five locations in China representing three typical habitats. TheC. ariakensisgenome was 662.9 Mb with contig N50 length of 5.9 Mb using PacBio HiFi‐CCS long reads, and 99.83% sequences were anchored onto 10 pseudochromosomes using Hi‐C data. A total of 26,354 protein‐coding genes were predicted. We identified three significantly expanded gene families which are closely associated with osmotic pressure regulation, includingCDO,SLC13andSDR. Population structure analysis revealed that theC. ariakensisfrom five locations were clustered into three typical groups (northern, southern and Shanghai) (K = 3) and their phylogenetic relationship was consistently correlated to their geographical distribution. Furtherly, the differentiation between northern and southern groups was clearly demonstrated by estimated population differentiation coefficient (FST = 0.1154), and the PSMC distribution showed the two groups of effective population size separated at 0.1 Ma. Meanwhile gene flow from southern to Shanghai was detected. Selective sweep analysis between northern and southern group detected genes associated with heat response and salinity adaptation. This study could provide valuable genomic resources and information for further research on the molecular evolution, genetic breeding, biological function and evolutionary adaptation ofC. ariakensis.
phenopype: A phenotyping pipeline for Python
Authors: Lürig Moritz D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Digital images are an intuitive way to capture, store and analyse organismal phenotypes. Many biologists are taking images to collect high‐dimensional phenotypic information from specimens to investigate complex ecological, evolutionary and developmental phenomena, such as relationships between trait diversity and ecosystem function, multivariate natural selection or developmental plasticity. As a consequence, images are being collected at ever‐increasing rates, but extraction of the contained phenotypic information poses a veritable analytical bottleneck.

phenopype is a high‐throughput phenotyping pipeline for the programming language Python that aims at alleviating this bottleneck. The package facilitates immediate extraction of high‐dimensional phenotypic data from digital images with low levels of background noise and complexity. At the core, phenopype provides functions for rapid signal processing‐based image preprocessing and segmentation, data extraction, as well as visualization and data export. This functionality is provided by wrapping low‐level computer vision libraries (such as OpenCV) into accessible functions to facilitate scientific image analysis. In addition, phenopype provides a project management ecosystem to streamline data collection and to increase reproducibility.

phenopype offers two different workflows that support users during different stages of scientific image analysis. The low‐throughput workflow uses regular Python syntax and has greater flexibility at the cost of reproducibility, which is suitable for prototyping during the initial stages of a research project. The high‐throughput workflow allows users to specify and store image‐specific settings for analysis in human‐readable YAML format, and then execute all functions in one step by means of an interactive parser. This approach facilitates rapid program‐user interactions during batch processing, and greatly increases scientific reproducibility.

Overall, phenopype intends to make the features of powerful but technically involved low‐level CV libraries available to biologists with little or no Python coding experience. Therefore, phenopype is aiming to augment, rather than replace the utility of existing Python CV libraries, allowing biologists to focus on rapid and reproducible data collection. Furthermore, image annotations produced by phenopype can be used as training data, thus presenting a stepping stone towards the application of deep learning architectures.
α‐Synuclein antisense transcript SNCA‐AS1 regulates synapses‐ and aging‐related genes suggesting its implication in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Rey Federica , Pandini Cecilia , Messa Letizia , Launi Rossella , Barzaghini Bianca , Zangaglia Roberta , Raimondi Manuela Teresa , Gagliardi Stella , Cereda Cristina , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo , Carelli Stephana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSNCA protein product, α‐synuclein, is widely renowned for its role in synaptogenesis and implication in both aging and Parkinson's disease (PD), but research efforts are still needed to elucidate its physiological functions and mechanisms of regulation. In this work, we aim to characterize SNCA‐AS1, antisense transcript to the SNCA gene, and its implications in cellular processes. The overexpression of SNCA‐AS1 upregulates both SNCA and α‐synuclein and, through RNA‐sequencing analysis, we investigated the transcriptomic changes of which both genes are responsible. We highlight how they impact neurites' extension and synapses' biology, through specific molecular signatures. We report a reduced expression of markers associated with synaptic plasticity, and we specifically focus on GABAergic and dopaminergic synapses, for their relevance in aging processes and PD, respectively. A reduction in SNCA‐AS1 expression leads to the opposite effect. As part of this signature is co‐regulated by the two genes, we discriminate between functions elicited by genes specifically altered by SNCA‐AS1 or SNCA's overexpression, observing a relevant role for SNCA‐AS1 in synaptogenesis through a shared molecular signature with SNCA. We also highlight how numerous deregulated pathways are implicated in aging‐related processes, suggesting that SNCA‐AS1 could be a key player in cellular senescence, with implications for aging‐related diseases. Indeed, the upregulation of SNCA‐AS1 leads to alterations in numerous PD‐specific genes, with an impact highly comparable to that of SNCA's upregulation. Our results show that SNCA‐AS1 elicits its cellular functions through the regulation of SNCA, with a specific modulation of synaptogenesis and senescence, presenting implications in PD.
Mitochondrial aconitase 1 regulates age‐related memory impairment via autophagy/mitophagy‐mediated neural plasticity in middle‐aged flies
Authors: Cho Yun‐Ho , Kim Gye‐Hyeong , Park Joong‐Jean 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAge‐related memory impairment (AMI) occurs in many species, including humans. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In wild‐type Drosophila (w1118), AMI appears in the form of a decrease in learning (3‐min memory) from middle age (30 days after eclosion [DAE]). We performed in vivo, DNA microarray, and behavioral screen studies to identify genes controlling both lifespan and AMI and selected mitochondrial Acon1 (mAcon1). mAcon1 expression in the head of w1118 decreased with age. Neuronal overexpression of mAcon1 extended its lifespan and improved AMI. Neuronal or mushroom body expression of mAcon1 regulated the learning of young (10 DAE) and middle‐aged flies. Interestingly, acetyl‐CoA and citrate levels increased in the heads of middle‐aged and neuronal mAcon1 knockdown flies. Acetyl‐CoA, as a cellular energy sensor, is related to autophagy. Autophagy activity and efficacy determined by the positive and negative changes in the expression levels of Atg8a‐II and p62 were proportional to the expression level of mAcon1. Levels of the presynaptic active zone scaffold protein Bruchpilot were inversely proportional to neuronal mAcon1 levels in the whole brain. Furthermore, mAcon1 overexpression in Kenyon cells induced mitophagy labeled with mt‐Keima and improved learning ability. Both processes were blocked by pink1 knockdown. Taken together, our results imply that the regulation of learning and AMI by mAcon1 occurs via autophagy/mitophagy‐mediated neural plasticity.
Revenue diversification and municipally owned companies’ role in shaping the debt of municipalities
Authors: Białek‐Jaworska Anna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe aim to identify the role of revenue diversification and the municipally owned companies’ financial flexibility in shaping the short‐term and the long‐term debt of municipalities in Poland and this debt's repayments. To reflect the impact of this agency relationship on the municipalities’ debt, we consider explanatory variables from two sectors: public and corporate finance. We merge data retrieved from the Local Data Bank, the financial and budget statements of municipalities, and the municipally owned companies’ financial and ownership data from the ORBIS database. We use the ordinary least squares method for cross‐sectional data and the ordinal logit model to estimate a firm's unused debt capacity. We show that a municipally owned company's leverage extends the long‐term debt capacity of municipalities via off‐balance sheet financing. The municipally owned companies’ financial flexibility helps municipalities increase their revenue diversification and shape their debt to cover capital spending despite limited fiscal autonomy under fiscal debt constraints. Unlike revenue diversification in the USA, revenue diversification in Poland does not allow Polish municipalities to reduce short‐term debt. We contribute to the literature by exploring the role of the municipally owned companies’ financial flexibility (leverage and unused debt capacity) in shaping a municipality's debt capacity.
Intended and unintended effects of specialized regulation on microfinance institutions’ double‐bottom line management
Authors: Bellazzecca Enrico , Biosca Olga 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTaking advantage of the passage of a microfinance law in Italy (2014), we explore the rationales for introducing microfinance‐specific regulation in high‐income welfare states and the potential effects that this process may have on MFIs’ social and financial performances (i.e. double bottom line). Our findings suggest that the institutional transformation of MFIs, in addition to product design and target group required by the new regulation, has unintendedly shifted their balance in favor of financial over social performance. This mainly applies to non‐profit organizations and cooperatives. Microfinance‐specific regulation in high‐income welfare states may reflect the emerging trends of market‐based rationality of public policy. When regulatory arrangements for MFIs are stipulated irrespectively of MFIs’ original mission the structural causes of financial exclusion may be reinforced. The underlying rationales for this trade‐off should be considered to prevent and mitigate the unintended effects of microfinance‐specific regulation.