bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TWO METHODS OF CONSCIOUS SEDATION IN CHILDREN (ENTONOX AND MIDAZOLAM) – EVALUATION
Authors: Vasakova J. , Matouskova J. , Drahos M. , Navarova L. , Broukal Z. 
Published: February 2025

The aim of study was to compare coping in children with two methods of conscious sedation - inhalation nitrous oxide-oxygen mixture (N) and oral midazolam; a mixture of IV solution with syrup (M). Methods: Parental informed consent was obtained for every sedation. Subjects were recruited from child patients referred to the Paediatric Dentistry Department, School of Dental Medicine. Inclusion criteria were ASA I, II, no medical contraindications for N or M, intake of food and liquids limitation related to sedation (N or M). Frankl behaviour rating scale (F) was recorded during an initial visit and after sedation (Outcome of Sedation Scale used for difference in F scores - OSS), presence of amnesia after sedation, type of procedure (restorations or extractions), dental status using dmft/DMFT, pain evaluation using Wong Baker Faces scale (W). Parents were asked to complete a short questionnaire after sedation. Wilcoxon sign-ranked test (p=0.05) was used to compare study groups. Results: Altogether 129 children (66 M, mean age 5.07, 63 N, mean age 6.63) participated in the study. Satisfaction with sedation did not differ between sedation types (p = 0.60). F increased after both sedation methods. OSS for M = 0.4, N = 0.8. 61 (92.6%) parents were satisfied with the course of the sedation in M group and 60 (95.7%) parents in N group. The relationship to the dentist was changed after N (p = 0.05). There was no change in relationship to the cariogenic food N (p = 0.77), M (p = 0.86) and toothbrushing N (p = 0.48), M (p = 0.19). Reasons for sedations were not dependent on sedation type p = 0.17. Pain score was higher in M (3.6) than in N (1.8). Amnesia depended on OSS p = 0.02. 58 (91.3%) parents who would choose the same type of sedation if indicated were in N group and 49 (74.1%) in M group. Conclusions: There were significant differences in childrens behaviour when using these two sedation methods and in a case of inhalation nitrous oxide-oxygen mixture, there was a change of relationship to the dentist. Further the presence of amnesia was associated with changes in the behaviour scale, not with the sedation method.
THE ASSOCIATION SOCIAL DENTAL BUS (ASBD): A DENTAL EMERGENCY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Authors: Veille-Finet A. , Maximin V. , Samakh P. 
Published: February 2025

Aims: 29% of the French population is no longer able to seek treatment. It is in this context that the Social Bus Dental Association was created, on 15th October 1996, to participate, promote and facilitate access to dental care for the poorest, including the provision of of emergency care, to those not enjoying the opportunities to use the health national care system, by commissioning and operating a mobile dental clinic. Methods: A dental practice was designed in an « Iveco » van respecting all the rules of hygiene and administration. It is itinerant and there are 9 sessions per week, held at charitable institutions. The Bus is operated in Paris by a team of 35 voluntary dentists, with a coordinator in charge of leading and managing the association, a driver / multi assistant moving the bus and providing operational maintenance and a dental / social assistant directing patients to the various services to obtain care and treatment. Results: In 2015, a total of 320 sessions were held in the bus, 2061 patient consultations took place including screening / orientation of about 455 patients. The patients treated in the bus are generally young (73% of patients are under 40 years old) and predominantly male (79% men to 21% women). The treatments performed by voluntary dentists are mainly divided between conservative care, endodontic and periodontal treatment and extractions or oral surgery. Conclusion: With a modern and functional mobile unit and with a motivated team of voluntary dentists providing over 300 sessions per year, the bus has a dual role of providing dental emergency care and addressing social inequalities. It is also provides a friendly welcome, bringing immediate pain relief and creating the opportunity for social rehabilitation through oral rehabilitation. Acknowledgement of sources of funding: Financial partners over the years are numerous. We thank in particular the National Order of Dental Surgeons, the Regional Agency of Health and the city of Paris
Predicting the Feasibility of Local Tissues in Recurrent Palate Fistula Repair: A New Scoring System
Authors: Guray Seyda , Kalem Uğur Kaan 
Published: February 2025

Objective This study aimed to assess the impact of structural changes from repeated failed surgeries on outcomes and develop a scoring system to evaluate local palatal tissue usability in recurrent fistula repairs. Design A retrospective study of 51 patients with prior failed fistula surgeries using a novel scoring system for palatal tissue evaluation. Setting The study was conducted at a tertiary care center for craniofacial surgery. Patients, Participants 51 patients with recurrent palatal fistulas and at least 1prior failed surgery were included. Standardized preoperative photographs were taken. Interventions Patients underwent palatal fistula repair. Outcomes were assessed 12 months postoperatively, and patients were grouped by success. Two surgeons applied the scoring system to assess scar condition (evaluated by color), rugae presence, remnant flap (RF), and number of failed surgeries (NFSs). Main Outcome Measure(s) The primary measure was the correlation between scoring system criteria and surgical outcomes, with statistical analysis determining predictive value. Results All criteria correlated with NFS and recurrence ( P < 0.001), but only rugae, RF, and NFS showed strong associations with recurrence. Scar condition evaluated by color had lower correlations with rugae ( r = 0.461), RF ( r = 0.458), and NFS ( r = 0.239). The final scoring system was simplified to 3 variables: rugae, RF, and NFS. Conclusions The revised scoring system effectively predicts success in recurrent palatal fistula repairs. Scores above 2 indicate a high risk of recurrence, suggesting alternative approaches when using local tissues.
A post-marketing disproportionality analysis of the safety of ribociclib based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Xu Jiayan , Wang Ruo , Shen Kunwei 
Published: February 2025

Background: Although there are reports of adverse events (AEs) of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, the safety of ribociclib alone has not yet been comprehensively evaluated in real-world clinical practice. Objectives: To investigate the overall real-world safety profile of ribociclib by mining data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Design: A retrospective disproportionality analysis was conducted based on the FAERS database. Methods: We processed reports from the first quarter of 2017 to the second quarter of 2023 and applied disproportionality analysis using four different methods: reporting odds ratio, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker. Results: A total of 12,885 AE reports of ribociclib as the primary suspect were enrolled. 48.81% of AEs occur within 60 days of ribociclib administration. Blood and lymphatic system disorders and abnormalities in investigation at the system organ class level showed statistically significant signals in all four methods. Nausea ( n = 1426), neutropenia ( n = 940), vomiting ( n = 863), white blood cell count decreased ( n = 812), and alopecia ( n = 536) turned out to be the five most frequent AEs at the preferred term level. Twenty-eight AEs undiscovered in the label were newly identified. Neutropenia, as a widely recognized AE, was observed to potentially result in more serious outcomes than previously anticipated ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study utilized the FAERS database to analyze real-world AE signals associated with ribociclib following its market approval. We characterized the clinical profiles of reported AEs and found some significant signals consistent with previous clinical trials. In addition, several AEs not included in the drug label or exhibiting unexpected severity were detected. These findings provide valuable insights for clinicians and highlight directions for further causality-focused research to validate the observed results.
Maintaining trust and seeking support: a qualitative study of family caregivers’ experiences interacting with health care services for home-dwelling older people with mental health problems
Authors: Sunde Olivia Sissil , Alteren Johanne , Kleiven Ole T. , Ytrehus Siri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Enhanced interactions between family caregivers and health care services can improve the care provided to older people and assist caregivers in managing their responsibilities more effectively. However, there are several barriers to involving families in care, and we need more knowledge to understand different aspects of interactions. This study with family caregivers of home-dwelling older people with mental health problems aimed to explore caregivers’ experiences and perceptions of their role in interactions with health care services.

Methods
We conducted individual in-depth interviews with ten family caregivers. Braun and Clark’s thematic approach guided the analysis.

Results
We identified two main themes. The first is the balancing act of managing trust: family caregivers navigating the caring role between empowering autonomy and taking responsibility. The second is the caregiver’s role in a complex care context: family caregivers seeking knowledge, recognition, and support from professional caregivers.

Conclusions
Managing older people’s trust is pivotal to family caregivers’ interactions with health care services. These caregivers carefully balance two crucial aspects: empowering older people’s autonomy and ensuring adequate health care by sharing information. To effectively involve families in the care of older people, this study highlights the need for health care services to consider the competence and time required to balance the dual responsibility of providing optimal care for older people while attending to the needs of family caregivers.
In search of common ground - nephrologists’ experiences in preparing and informing patients on the path to end-stage kidney disease
Authors: Lindberg Jenny , Johansson Mats , Broström Linus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Patient education and dialogue are important when choosing a future treatment strategy for patients with chronic kidney disease. To support patients in their decision-making process, it is critical to provide information in a way that patients can understand. This study was conducted to understand how nephrologists view the goals of information sharing, the challenges involved, and the strategies used as part of treatment planning.

Methods
This study had a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews with 14 practicing nephrologists working in different hospitals in Sweden and with experience in providing information to patients approaching the need for dialysis. The interviews were conducted in 2022. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
The results are presented thematically under the headings Objectives, Content, Challenges, and Strategies. Participants tried to find common ground with patients, in terms of shared knowledge, shared views on the appropriate decision-making process, and ultimately also agreement on which treatment option was best. There was a tension between allowing patients to make their own decisions and guiding patients to make decisions with the best outcomes as judged by the nephrologist. Achieving common ground was not always possible, both because of factors related to the patient’s preferences or limited capacity, and because of boundaries set by the physician to protect the patient from unwarranted or harmful information. Dealing with competing sources of information was seen as challenging. The nephrologists felt a professional responsibility for their treatment recommendations, combined with uncertainty about which patient would benefit from dialysis and when to start.

Conclusions
Planning future treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease involves a complex information process that leaves room for both paternalism and respect for autonomy. Nephrologists face many competing challenges when discussing treatment options with patients. These challenges should be taken into account in the development of support for nephrologists in the area of information sharing.
Urinary function, sexual function and quality of life after prostate low-dose-rate brachytherapy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Mäkelä Lauri , Mikkola Arto , Pétas Anssi , Visapää Harri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Prostate cancer is most commonly diagnosed at a localized stage, allowing the majority of patients to receive curative treatment. The prognosis is often favorable, and there are numerous treatment options available, emphasizing the importance of assessing the side effects associated with each treatment. Low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy is one such treatment option, supported by robust evidence regarding its efficacy and side effects. However, most published data primarily rely on physician-assessed toxicity, which may underestimate the patient's experience of side effects. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the urinary side effects of LDR brachytherapy, with a focus on patient-reported outcomes.

Methods
This retrospective study included 199 patients treated with LDR-brachytherapy years 2000-2012 at Helsinki University Hospital. Questionnaires used to assess urinary toxicity were International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and The Danish Prostatic Symptom Score (DAN-PSS). Additionally, sexual function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. Urinary function was assessed with flowmetry, reporting peak flow rate and postvoid residual measurement.

Results
There was a deterioration in urinary function during the first six months post-procedure, as evidenced by a decline in the urinary function questionnaires and uroflowmetry measurements. For most patients, this deterioration was transient, with median symptom scores returning to baseline after one year. A slight discrepancy was observed between patient-reported outcome measures and urinary function assessed by flowmetry.

Conclusions
LDR brachytherapy is a well-tolerated treatment for localized prostate cancer. While many patients experience acute side effects that subside relatively quickly, there is a small risk of prolonged side effects. This risk should be thoroughly discussed with patients when making treatment decisions.
Retention of Ti Si snap versus locator attachments with retention sil in two-implant retained mandibular overdentures: an in vitro study
Authors: Mourad Dina , El-mahrouky Nesrin A. , El-Dayem Mohamed A. Abd , Shawky Yasser M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Primary retention and progressive loss of retention of various attachment systems are critical elements in appropriate attachment selection; nevertheless, research on attachment retention reveals a broad spectrum of retention values for the same attachment system and between various systems. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the retention of two different types of attachments (Ti Si snaps and locators) in two-implant-retained mandibular overdentures.

Methods
A completely edentulous mandibular educational cast was scanned. An STL file including the implant beds and mucosal space was designed. Two implant analogs were incorporated into each model in the canine area bilaterally, and conventional overdentures were fabricated over two types of implant attachments, the Ti Si snap attachments and the locator attachments, with the use of Retention sil in both groups at the fitting surface of the overdenture. Each group contained five 3D-printed edentulous mandibular models. Retention was measured by using a universal testing machine after the models were subjected to cyclic loading. This measurement was carried out at the time of insertion, after 75,000 cycles (simulating 6 months of clinical use) and 150,000 cycles (simulating 12 months of clinical use). The means and standard deviations of the recorded readings were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed.

Results
Student’s t test revealed significant differences between the two groups. The Ti Si attachment group presented the highest retention rate at the time of insertion and after 6 months. However, there was no significant difference between the groups after 12 months. Both groups presented statistically significant changes in the mean retention value over time, as demonstrated by two-way ANOVA (time of insertion > six months > twelve months). Tukey’s post hoc test revealed a nonsignificant difference between six months and twelve months.

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn:
Blocking the SIRPα-CD47 axis promotes macrophage phagocytosis of exosomes derived from visceral adipose tissue and improves inflammation and metabolism in mice
Authors: Lin Yun-kai , Pan Yu-fei , Jiang Tian-yi , Chen Yi-bin , Shang Tai-yu , Xu Meng-you , Feng Hui-bo , Ma Yun-han , Tan Ye-xiong , Wang Hong-yang , Dong Li-wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in systemic metabolism and maintaining bodily homeostasis. Exosomes from adipose tissues, known as AT-Exos, are recognized as important messengers in the communication between adipose tissue and other organs. Despite this, the alterations in exosome composition and the functional disparities among depot-specific AT-Exos in obesity remain elusive.

Methods
In this work, we utilized lipidomics and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing to elucidate the lipid and miRNA profiles of AT-Exos in a diet-induced obesity model. We identified obesity-related miRNAs in AT-Exos and further explored their mechanisms using gain- and loss-of-function experiments. To evaluate the metabolic effects of AT-Exos on adipocytes, we conducted RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and confirmed our findings through Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western bolt analyses. Meanwhile, a mouse model with intraperitoneal injections was utilized to validate the role of exosomes derived from visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT-Exos) in obesity progression in vivo. Finally, we explored potential therapeutic intervention strategies targeting AT-Exos, particularly focusing on modulating the SIRPα-CD47 axis to enhance macrophage phagocytosis using Leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice and SIRPα knock-out mice.

Results
Our study revealed that obesity-related metabolism affects the biological processes of AT-Exos, with depot-specific secretion patterns. In obesity, the lipidome profile of AT-Exos was significantly altered, and diet can modify the miRNA content and function within these exosomes, influencing lipid metabolism and inflammatory pathways that contribute to metabolic dysregulation. Specifically, we identified that miR-200a-3p and miR-200b-3p promoted lipid accumulation in 3T3L1 cells partly through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that AT-Exos from different fat depots exerted distinct effects on adipocyte metabolism, with obese vWAT-Exos being notably potent in triggering inflammation and lipid accumulation in diet-induced obesity. Additionally, we found that inhibiting the SIRPα-CD47 axis can mitigate metabolic disorders induced by obese vWAT-Exos or ob/ob mice, partly due to the enhanced clearance of vWAT-Exos. Consistent with this, SIRPα-deficient mice exhibited a reduction in vWAT-Exos and displayed greater resistance to obesity.

Conclusions
This study elucidates that diet-induced obesity altered the lipid and miRNA profiles of AT-Exos, which involved in modulating adipocyte inflammation and metabolic balance. The SIRPα-CD47 axis emerges as a potential therapeutic target for obesity and its associated complications.
Lung organoids in COPD: recent advances and future prospects
Authors: Huo Yajie , He Shengyang , Chen Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is characterized by progressive airflow limitation, a high prevalence, and a high mortality rate. However, the specific mechanisms remain unclear, partly due to the lack of robust data from in vitro experimental models and animal models that do not adequately represent the structure and pathophysiology of the human lung. The recent advancement of lung organoid culture systems has facilitated new avenues for the investigation of COPD. Lung organoids are in vitro models derived from adult stem cells, human pluripotent stem cells, or embryonic stem cells, established through three-dimensional culture. They exhibit a high degree of homology and genetic consistency with human tissues and can better mimic human lungs in terms of function and structure compared to other traditional models. This review will summarise the generation process of lung organoids from different cell sources and their application in COPD research, and provide suggestions for future research directions.
Supplemental oxygen therapy use among patients with fibrosing interstitial lung disease in the United States
Authors: Yang Joseph , Steffens Andrea , Olson Amy L. , Anderson Amy , Basra Gursimran , Veeranki Phani , de Andrade Joao A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Supplemental oxygen therapy is commonly prescribed in clinical practice for patients with fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) to reduce breathlessness and increase physical capacity. Only a few studies have evaluated the incidence of oxygen therapy use, with evidence lacking in its use among fibrosing ILD subtypes including patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF ILD. This study aimed to estimate incidence of oxygen therapy and factors associated with oxygen therapy initiation.

Methods
This non-interventional study used US administrative claims and electronic health record data from 01 October 2015 to 30 June 2022. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with newly diagnosed fibrosing ILD (≥ 2 fibrosing ILD diagnoses in any position on different dates of service within 365 days) were included; the index date was the first date with ILD diagnosis. Patients were followed until the earlier of health plan disenrollment, death, or end of study period. Oxygen therapy use was evaluated among patients without evidence of oxygen therapy before the index date, stratified by the underlying fibrosing disease (i.e., IPF vs. non-IPF ILD). Factors associated with oxygen therapy use were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results
A total of 114,921 patients (IPF n = 5,555; non-IPF ILD n = 109,366) newly diagnosed with fibrosing ILD were included in the study. The mean (standard deviation) age of patients with ILD was 66.9 (14.2) years, and 47.2% were male. Patients were followed for a mean of 24 months after ILD diagnosis, during which 38% of fibrosing ILD patients initiated oxygen therapy; a higher proportion of patients with IPF initiated oxygen therapy compared to those with non-IPF ILD (68% and 36%, respectively). Factors associated with oxygen therapy initiation included IPF, higher Charlson comorbidity scores, and comorbidities that impair respiratory capacity.

Conclusions
The study findings demonstrate a substantial proportion of patients with fibrosing ILD initiated oxygen therapy following initial ILD diagnosis, with higher rates of oxygen therapy initiation observed among patients with IPF compared with non-IPF ILD. Respiratory comorbidities were key factors associated with increased initiation of oxygen therapy.