bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency Ventilation of Clean Rooms
Authors: Попов В. М. , Бараков А. В. , Кузнецов С. Н. 
Published: June 2021

Постановка задачи. В современной промышленности для обеспечения контроля за состоянием воздушной среды часто используют технологии чистых помещений. Использование токсичных газов в чистых помещениях может приводить к аварийным ситуациям, для ликвидации которых необходима аварийная вентиляция. Для расчета аварийного воздухообмена необходимо создание модели аварийного воздухообмена, учитывающей значительное количество влияющих факторов. Результаты. Модель аварийного воздухообмена для чистого помещения разработана на основе уравнения материального баланса по вредному газу, выделяющемуся из оборудования при возникновении аварийной ситуации. Получено решение модели аварийного воздухообмена для чистого помещения, позволяющее рассчитать концентрации вредного газа в зависимости от расчетной аварийной ситуации. Исследованы свойства полученного решения. Введено понятие аккумулирующей способности вентилируемого помещения и оценено влияние аккумулирующей способности на изменение концентраций вредного газа. Выводы. Выполненные расчеты позволяет глубже понять процессы развития аварийной ситуации в чистом помещении и учесть эти риски при проектировании аварийной вентиляции чистых помещений.
Statement of the problem. In modern industry, clean room technology is commonly used to monitor the state of the air. The use of toxic gases in clean rooms might result in emergencies that call for emergency ventilation. In order to calculate the emergency air exchange, it is necessary to design a model of emergency air exchange considering a significant number of influencing factors. Results. The model of emergency air exchange for a clean room is developed based on the equation of material balance on the harmful gas allocated from the equipment in case of an emergency. The solution of the model of the emergency air exchange for a clean room is obtained allowing the concentrations of harmful gas to be calculated depending on a specific emergency. The properties of the resulting solution are investigated. The concept of accumulating capacity of the ventilated room is introduced and the influence of accumulating capacity on change of concentrations of harmful gas is evaluated. Conclusions. The performed calculations allow one to understand the processes of development of an emergency situation in a clean room more profoundly and to allow for these risks while designing emergency ventilation of clean rooms.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PERAN TENAGA KEFARMASIAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI
Authors: Apsari Dewi Puspita , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Manik Satria Wibawa , Maharjana Ida Bagus N 
Published: June 2021

Abstrak : Hipertensi yang tidak terkontrol dapat mengakibatkan berbagai macam komplikasi. Ketidakpatuhan terhadap pengobatan adalah salah satu penyebab hipertensi tidak terkontrol. Dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kefarmasian yang tinggi merupakan faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalankan terapi hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kefarmasian terhadap kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi di Puskesmas. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Mei tahun 2020 dan populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 100 pasien hipertensi lansia yang melakukan pengobatan rawat jalan di Puskesmas Mengwi I. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Rank Spearman. Hasil uji statistik yang dilakukan didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,00) dan kuat (r=0,558) antara skor total dukungan keluarga terhadap kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi pada 73 (73 %) responden. Selain itu juga pada peran tenaga kefarmasian, terlihat hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,00) antara penyediaan informasi, konseling pengobatan dan gaya komunikasi tenaga farmasi terhadap kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kefarmasian berpengaruh signifkan terhadap kepatuhan minum obat antihipertensi di Puskesmas Mengwi I.
Abstract: Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to various complications. Nonadherence to therapeutic plans has been reported for uncontrolled hypertension. Family support and pharmacist role are factors that can affect patient adherence in carrying out hypertension therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and pharmacist role with adherence therapeutic plans. The study was conducted in March-May 2020 and the population in this study were 100 hypertensive adult respondents who were undergoing outpatient treatment at Primary Health Care Mengwi I. Data analysis was performed by means of univariate and bivariate using Rank Spearman. Statistical test results found that there is a significant (p=0,00) and strong (r=0,558) relationship between total score family support with adherence hypertension therapy. In addition, there is a significant (p=0,00) between drug information, counseling, and communication styles of pharmacists with adherence to hypertension therapy. From the research results, it can be concluded that family support and pharmacist role have a significant effect on adherence to hypertension therapy in Primary Health Care Mengwi I.
Osallisuuteen pyrkivä ruoka-apu myrskyn silmässä. Diskurssianalyysi ruoka-apuun liittyvistä verkkokeskusteluista vuosina 2017–2018
Authors: Teräväinen Rosa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Community dining – social inclusion or remunerativeness?
Discourse analysis of online debates on food assistance in 2017–2018 (97 sanaa)
This article examines online forum discourses of the debates on charitable food assistance in 2017–2018. The main topic of the debates is the shift from “conventional breadlines” towards a more socially inclusive and community-oriented food assistance model. The results reveal three main discourses which approach charitable food assistance in variant ways from variant perspectives while producing different kind of representations of social inclusion and poverty. Interestingly, discourses approaching food assistance from outsiders’ perspective support the shift towards a more socially inclusive food assistance whereas the only discourse from insiders’ perspective opposes the changes in the assistance.

Tiivistelmä (100 sanaa)
Leipäjonoja eli pääasiassa vähävaraisille tarkoitettua maksutonta ruoka-apua on viime vuosina pyritty kehittämään sosiaalisesti osallistavamaksi. Muun muassa pääkaupunkiseudulla monet seurakunnat ja kolmannen sektorin ruoka-aputoimijat ovat viime vuosina integroineet ruuanjaon yhteyteen osallisuutta edistämään tähtääviä yhteisöruokailuja. Tässä artikkelissa tutkin, millaista keskustelua muutokset ruoka-avussa herättivät Helsingin Sanomien ja Ylen uutisten kommenttipalstoilla vuosina 2017–2018. Diskurssianalyysin avulla verkkokeskusteluista hahmottuu kolme erilaista ja eri näkökulmista ruoka-apua tarkastelevaa diskurssia, jotka suhtautuvat osallisuuteen ja köyhyyteen eri tavoilla näkökulmastaan riippuen. On mielenkiintoista, että ruoka-apua ulkopuolelta tarkastelevissa diskursseissa osallisuuden edistämiseen ja yhteisöruokailuihin suhtaudutaan myönteisesti. Sen sijaan ainoassa ruoka-avussa käyvien näkökulmasta, eli ruoka-apua sisäpuolelta tarkastelevassa diskurssissa osallisuuteen ja yhteisöruokaluihin suhtaudutaan kriittisesti.
Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in Schizophrenia and Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Efffendy Elmeida , Amin Mustafa Mahmud , Utami Nurul 
Published: June 2021

Background: Neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity play a key role as triggers and support for neurodegenerative processes, increase levels of TNF-α have been found in schizophrenic patients. Improved inflammatory processes have been demonstrated in acute and chronic schizophrenia. In schizophrenia is characterized by a collection of core symptoms that trigger individuals experiencing several cognitive disorders.
Objective: To investigate the relationship of serum TNF-α levels to impaired cognitive function in schizophrenic patients in Medan, Indonesia.
Method: This research is cross sectional analytical correlative study involving 40 male schizophrenic patients at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital through July to September 2019 that fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum TNF-α levels were analyzed using Quantikine HS Human TNF-α Assay with a minimum detection limit of 0.1062 pg/ml while in the other hand, cognitive function test was carried out by using the Mini Mental State Examination.
Results: Serum TNF-α levels with a mean of 25.1216 with a standard deviation of 1.7629. There is a positive correlation with moderate correlation (r = 0.4 - <0.6) on cognitive function with the strength of correlation r = 0.434
Conclusion: We found that there is a link between serum TNF-α level and cognitive function as assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
La foire aux sciences, une expérience d’éducation scientifique et environnementale dans la formation des éducatrices et éducateurs en petite enfance
Authors: Calafell Genina , Banqué Neus 
Published: June 2021

Considérant les enjeux et les limites de la « société de la connaissance », il importe de réorienter l’éducation et de privilégier à cet effet des processus d’apprentissage plus ancrés dans la communauté de vie et qui prennent en compte les réalités et problèmes écosociaux. À partir de cette prémisse, nous présentons une recherche-action dans le domaine de l’enseignement-apprentissage des sciences au préscolaire. Cette recherche nous a permis de mettre au point une démarche pédagogique qui articule quatre éléments clés : l’identification d’un phénomène à étudier dans le milieu de vie de l’enfant, la formulation de questions de médiation qui guident et stimulent l’investigation, l’instauration d’un dialogue interdisciplinaire et l’évaluation en tant que processus de régulation.
Quels critères pour quelles démarches d’investigation ? Articuler esprit créatif et esprit de contrôle
Authors: Cariou Jean-Yves 
Published: June 2021

La promotion internationale des démarches d’investigation (DI) et l’enrôlement sous cette bannière commune, en France, d’approches prônées en sciences expérimentales, en technologie et en mathématiques interrogent sur le(s) sens de ce terme, sur son unité ou sa diversité. Toute mise en activité d’élèves paraît parfois suffire à parler de DI, dès lors que ceux-ci sont actifs ou acteurs. Engager des apprenants dans des DI a cependant un sens profond, qu’éclairent ses origines : des considérations épistémologiques et psychologiques ont historiquement concouru à préconiser une approche dans laquelle les composantes essentielles de l’esprit de recherche, que sont l’esprit créatif et l’esprit de contrôle, peuvent trouver leur place dans le vécu des classes. Des tentatives de définition et de caractérisation ont été faites, sans toujours mettre en relief ces principes fondamentaux. Remettre ceux-ci au premier plan permet d’envisager la spécification de critères pouvant tenir lieu, dans une proposition à visée normative – sans prétendre fixer de norme ultime – de préceptes utiles pour définir et élaborer des DI.
Construire un problème : un premier pas vers l'investigation en sciences. Analyse d’une formation d’enseignants de primaire en contexte français et colombien
Authors: Barrera Luz Helena Martínez , Hosson Cécile de , Décamp Nicolas 
Published: June 2021

L’enseignement des sciences expérimentales a subi des changements importants sur le plan des orientations pédagogiques prescrites. Ces changements reflètent l’évolution d’un cadre international dont l’une des caractéristiques est de mettre en avant des démarches plus ouvertes fondées sur « l’investigation ». Les programmes français et colombien, sujet de cette recherche, attendent des enseignants d’une part de concevoir des problèmes pouvant conduire à la mise en place de démarches expérimentales ouvertes et, d’autre part, de motiver les élèves à participer davantage aux processus de construction du savoir. Dans cette recherche, on s’intéresse aux conditions qui favorisent la construction d’un problème scientifique. Nous avons conçu une action de formation continue d’enseignants du primaire sans formation initiale scientifique qui visait à favoriser ce processus de construction. Nous avons fait le choix d’une thématique non familière des curricula scientifiques de l’école primaire : le rebond des boules. Le cadre de la » problématisation », appliqué à l’analyse des interactions langagières des enseignants engagés dans l’activité de construction d’un problème, permet de comprendre les éléments qui bloquent ou favorisent l’émergence de problèmes pouvant donner naissance à de l’investigation fondée sur de l’expérimentation et à la construction de connaissances associées au phénomène de rebond (influence de paramètres physiques, construction de grandeurs caractéristiques, etc.).
A Distinct Innate Immune Signature of Early Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gardner Ivy H , Siddharthan Ragavan , Watson Katherine , Dewey Elizabeth , Ruhl Rebecca , Khou Sokchea , Guan Xiangnan , Xia Zheng , Tsikitis V Liana , Anand Sudarshan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Despite a decrease in the prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) over the last 40 y, the prevalence of CRC in people under 50 y old is increasing around the globe. Early onset (≤50 y old) and late onset (≥65 y old) CRC appear to have differences in their clinicopathological and genetic features, but it is unclear if there are differences in the tumor microenvironment. We hypothesized that the immune microenvironment of early onset CRC is distinct from late onset CRC and promotes tumor progression. We used NanoString immune profiling to analyze mRNA expression of immune genes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded surgical specimens from patients with early (n = 40) and late onset (n = 39) CRC. We found three genes, SAA1, C7, and CFD, have increased expression in early onset CRC and distinct immune signatures based on the tumor location. After adjusting for clinicopathological features, increased expression of CFD and SAA1 were associated with worse progression-free survival, and increased expression of C7 was associated with worse overall survival. We also performed gain-of-function experiments with CFD and SAA1 in s.c. tumor models and found that CFD is associated with higher tumor volumes, impacted several immune genes, and impacted three genes in mice that were also found to be differentially expressed in early onset CRC (EGR1, PSMB9, and CXCL9). Our data demonstrate that the immune microenvironment, characterized by a distinct innate immune response signature in early onset CRC, is unique, location dependent, and might contribute to worse outcomes.
Distinct Responses of Thitarodes xiaojinensis β-1,3-Glucan Recognition Protein-1 and Immulectin-8 to Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris Infection
Authors: Meng Qian , Wu Pei-Pei , Li Miao-Miao , Shu Rui-Hao , Zhou Gui-Ling , Zhang Ji-Hong , Zhang Huan , Jiang Haobo , Qin Qi-Lian , Zou Zhen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Melanization and encapsulation are prominent defense responses against microbes detected by pattern recognition receptors of their host insects. In the ghost moth Thitarodes xiaojinensis, an activated immune system can melanize and encapsulate the fungus Cordyceps militaris. However, these responses were hardly detected in the host hemolymph postinfection of another fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis. The immune interaction between O. sinensis and the host remains largely unknown, which hinders the artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps. We found that T. xiaojinensis β-1,3-glucan recognition protein-1 (βGRP1) was needed for prophenoloxidase activation induced by C. militaris. Failure of βGRP1 to recognize O. sinensis is a primary reason for the lack of melanization in the infected host. Lyticase or snailase treatment combined with binding and immunofluorescence detection showed the existence of a protective layer preventing the fungus from βGRP1 recognition. Coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis indicated that βGRP1 interacted with immulectin-8 (IML8) via binding to C. militaris. IML8 promotes encapsulation. This study suggests the roles of T. xiaojinensis βGRP1 and IML8 in modulating immune responses against C. militaris. Most importantly, the data indicate that O. sinensis may evade melanization by preventing βGRP1 recognition.
Serum- and Glucocorticoid-Inducible Kinase 1 Promotes Alternative Macrophage Polarization and Restrains Inflammation through FoxO1 and STAT3 Signaling
Authors: Ren Junling , Han Xiao , Lohner Hannah , Liang Ruqiang , Liang Shuang , Wang Huizhi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Expression and activity of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) are associated with many metabolic and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we report that SGK1 promotes alternative macrophage polarization and restrains inflammation in the infectious milieu of the gingiva. Inhibition of SGK1 expression or activity enhances characteristics of classically activated (M1) macrophages by directly activating the transcription of genes encoding iNOS, IL-12P40, TNF-α, and IL-6 and repressing IL-10 at message and protein levels. Moreover, SGK1 inhibition robustly reduces the expression of alternatively activated (M2) macrophage molecular markers, including arginase-1, Ym-1, Fizz1, and Mgl-1. These results were confirmed by multiple gain- and loss-of-function approaches, including small interfering RNA, a plasmid encoding SGK1, and LysM-Cre–mediated sgk1 gene knockout. Further mechanistic analysis showed that SGK1 deficiency decreases STAT3 but increases FoxO1 expression in macrophages under M2 or M1 macrophage–priming conditions, respectively. Combined with decreased FoxO1 phosphorylation and the subsequent suppressed cytoplasmic translocation observed, SGK1 deficiency robustly enhances FoxO1 activity and drives macrophage to preferential M1 phenotypes. Furthermore, FoxO1 inhibition abrogates M1 phenotypes, and STAT3 overexpression results in a significant increase of M2 phenotypes, indicating that both FoxO1 and STAT3 are involved in SGK1-mediated macrophage polarization. Additionally, SGK1 differentially regulates the expression of M1 and M2 molecular markers, including CD68 and F4/F80 and CD163 and CD206, respectively, and protects against Porphyromonas gingivalis–induced alveolar bone loss in a mouse model. Taken together, these results have demonstrated that SGK1 is critical for macrophage polarization and periodontal bone loss, and for the first time, to our knowledge, we elucidated a bifurcated signaling circuit by which SGK1 promotes alternative, while suppressing inflammatory, macrophage polarization.
Activation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type γ Suppresses Mechanisms of Adhesion and Survival in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Montresor Alessio , Toffali Lara , Fumagalli Laura , Constantin Gabriela , Rigo Antonella , Ferrarini Isacco , Vinante Fabrizio , Laudanna Carlo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The regulatory role of protein tyrosine kinases in β1- and β2-integrin activation and in the survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells is well established. In contrast, the involvement of protein tyrosine phosphatases in CLL biology was less investigated. We show that selective activation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type γ (PTPRG) strongly suppresses integrin activation and survival in leukemic B cells isolated from patients with CLL. Activation of PTPRG specifically inhibits CXCR4- as well as BCR-induced triggering of LFA-1 and VLA-4 integrins and mediated rapid adhesion. Triggering of LFA-1 affinity is also prevented by PTPRG activity. Analysis of signaling mechanisms shows that activation of PTPRG blocks chemokine-induced triggering of JAK2 and Bruton’s tyrosine kinase protein tyrosine kinases and of the small GTP-binding protein RhoA. Furthermore, activated PTPRG triggers rapid and robust caspase-3/7–mediated apoptosis in CLL cells in a manner quantitatively comparable to the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib. However, in contrast to ibrutinib, PTPRG-triggered apoptosis is insensitive to prosurvival signals generated by CXCR4 and BCR signaling. Importantly, PTPRG activation does not trigger apoptosis in healthy B lymphocytes. The data show that activated PTPRG inhibits, at once, the signaling pathways controlling adhesion and survival of CLL cells, thus emerging as a negative regulator of CLL pathogenesis. These findings suggest that pharmacological potentiation of PTPRG tyrosine-phosphatase enzymatic activity could represent a novel approach to CLL treatment.
Linear Ubiquitination of RIPK1 on Lys612 Regulates Systemic Inflammation via Preventing Cell Death
Authors: Tu Hailin , Tang Yong , Zhang Jie , Cheng Liqing , Joo Donghyun , Zhao Xueqiang , Lin Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1) is a master regulator of the TNF-α–induced cell death program. The function of RIPK1 is tightly controlled by posttranslational modifications, including linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex–mediated linear ubiquitination. However, the physiological function and molecular mechanism by which linear ubiquitination of RIPK1 regulates TNF-α–induced intracellular signaling remain unclear. In this article, we identified Lys627 residue as a major linear ubiquitination site in human RIPK1 (or Lys612 in murine RIPK1) and generated Ripk1K612R/K612R mice, which spontaneously develop systemic inflammation triggered by sustained emergency hematopoiesis. Mechanistically, without affecting NF-κB activation, Ripk1K612R/K612R mutation enhances apoptosis and necroptosis activation and promotes TNF-α–induced cell death. The systemic inflammation and hematopoietic disorders in Ripk1K612R/K612R mice are completely abolished by deleting TNF receptor 1 or both RIPK3 and Caspase-8. These data suggest the critical role of TNF-α–induced cell death in the resulting phenotype in Ripk1K612R/K612R mice. Together, our results demonstrate that linear ubiquitination of RIPK1 on K612 is essential for limiting TNF-α–induced cell death to further prevent systemic inflammation.