bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Dynamic Response of the Hull Beam Model under the Combined Action of Wave Loading and Impact Loading
Authors: Zou Haoyang , Zhao Yanjie , Wang Haikun , Gao Zhaoqiang , Li haitao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to conduct experimental research on the dynamic response of hull structures under the combined action of wave loads and impact loads. Using an equivalent hull girder model as the research object, multiple sets of regular wave and impact load physical model tests were carried out. The test results show that under the combined action of wave-impact loads, the acceleration measurement points on the hull girder are mainly dominated by the dynamic response caused by the impact load at the moment of impact load application. Subsequently, within the wave period, the dynamic response caused by the impact load gradually decreases, eventually returning to the dynamic response mainly caused by the wave load. A simplified theoretical model of the hull girder was established, and the accuracy of the simplified theoretical model of the hull girder was verified by comparing the test results. The differential equations of the hull girder under the combined action of simplified wave loads and weak impact loads were established, and the accuracy of the simplified theoretical model of the hull girder was verified by comparing the test results. The research shows that under the combined action of wave-impact loads, the dynamic response of the hull structure cannot be simply superimposed by treating the dynamic responses of the two loads separately.
Influence of ice sheet on the flow characteristics of vertical high-speed water-entry cavity of a projectile
Authors: Wang Hao , Cai Xiaowei , Huang Zhengui , Liu Xiangyan , Na Xiaodong , Zhou Bingzhuo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The ice sheet will inevitably affect the dynamic cavity evolution of cross-media projectiles after breaking ice and entering water. Based on the Coupled Euler-Lagrange (CEL) algorithm, the process of vertical high-speed ice-breaking water entry of a cylindrical projectile at 100 m/s is studied. The results show that the continuous influx of external air during the ice-sheet condition delays the time for cavity closure. The velocity field distribution within the cavity becomes asymmetrical, displaying heightened nonlinear and turbulent characteristics. Furthermore, it is observed that the peak force experienced by the projectile in an ice-free environment is 69.55% of that during ice-breaking water entry. In the design of new cross-media weapons for ice-covered areas, the structural strength of the projectile head should be improved.
Experimental and numerical simulation study on the crushing of shell with central pre-formed groove
Authors: Li Weihang , Yao Wenjin , Zhu Wei , Li Wenbin , Zhang Qing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To improve the lethality of fragmentation bombs against enemy personnel and other targets, one of the primary goals is to generate as many high-speed, effective fragments as possible. A thin shell structure with central pre-formed groove, processed via selective laser melting (SLM), was designed. A shell-crushing test utilizing a water medium was conducted. The fragment formations of the parallelogram pre-formed groove grid and the square pre-formed groove grid were compared. Additionally, the AUTODYN commercial finite element software was used to simulate the influence of different grid sizes and grid angles of the parallelogram pre-formed groove grid on fragment formation. The results indicate that when the grid angle exceeds 60°, the effective fragment generation rate decreases as the grid angle increases, while the fragment conjoined rate increases significantly with the increase in grid angle. The grid size has virtually no effect on the effective fragment generation rate and the fragment conjoined rate.
Research on the Influence of Ceramic Diameter on Anti-penetration Performance under Constrained Conditions
Authors: Yang Z Z , Dang W , Wu H L , Wang L J , Luan C H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Three dimensional constraints can improve the anti-penetration performance of ceramics. According to the actual usage requirements of armor structures, a three-dimensional constrained ceramic composite structure was designed. The influence of ceramic diameter on the penetration resistance of composite structures under three-dimensional constraint conditions was studied by combining experimental and numerical simulation methods. The research results indicate that during the penetration process of long rod projectiles, circumferential constraints can effectively suppress the circumferential fracture of ceramics, while frontal constraints can suppress the fracture of ceramics along the direction of projectile incidence. Three dimensional constraints can improve the penetration resistance of ceramics. For long rod projectiles, the confinement performance of the circumferential structure on ceramics can be fully utilized when the ceramic diameter is three times the diameter of the projectile. Circumferential constraints not only suppress ceramic fragmentation, but also enhance the interaction force between ceramics and projectiles.
Experimental and numerical study on the destructive capacity of TNT contact explosions on permafrost targets
Authors: Hu Y Q , Liu H Q , Sun Q R , Wang J , Wang X Y 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Several civil engineering as well as military fields are involved in permafrost explosions. To study the destructive capacity of TNT contact explosion on permafrost targets, permafrost specimens were prepared at different temperatures. The test results show that the size of the explosion crater formed become smaller, indicating worse destruction effect of the explosion on the permafrost, with the decreasing temperature. Combined with ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software, the numerical simulation is carried out to verify the accuracy of the model and parameters. To further study the influence of permafrost properties on the destruction effect, the temperature of the permafrost target were changed, and the relationship curves between temperature and the depth of the explosion pit were fitted. The depth of the explosion pit is linearly related to the temperature and decreases with decreasing temperature. The simulation and experimental results obtained in this study will contribute to investigation on defense design of permafrost environment.
A Method for Correcting the Shock Response Spectrum in Missile-Borne Products
Authors: Gao Peng , Li Haicheng , Jia Ziqi , Che Xiaotao , Chao Wu , Du Minglei , Sun Tianyu , Yang Hongjun , Chen Gang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Missile-borne products often encounter shock signals that include low-frequency interference. Following the detonation of initiating devices, the displacement and velocity values are non-zero, and the acceleration signal exhibits baseline drift. This phenomenon distorts the results of Shock Response Spectrum (SRS) analysis. To address these issues, we propose an enhanced method of SRS analysis based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD). This method uses VMD to preprocess the shock signal by decomposing it into multiple modal components. It then eliminates modes dominated by low-frequency interference based on the correlation coefficients of the positive and negative response spectra to correct the signal. The corrected signal is analyzed using SRS, and a standard spectrum type for testing is defined. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of this method, showing that it can precisely eliminate low-frequency components that interfere with the signal. The revised impulse response spectrum significantly enhances both the time-domain and frequency-domain representations of the signal. By analyzing the signal measured from a missile-borne product during the launch of specific ammunition, the method is validated, effectively resolving the SRS distortion issues caused by baseline drift. This method proves to be highly valuable for analyzing the shock environments of missile-borne product and in developing test spectrums.
Research on the ballistic resistance performance of PE composite materials
Authors: Wang L , Yang B , Li G F , Yang L , Tong H , Wu Y C , Wang X D , Shen H R , Li Z L , Wei Q B , Xue X L , Guo Y Y , Zhang L , Yu X J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the penetration of 4.5g spherical fragments into PE composite materials of various thicknesses. Based on the results of ballistic tests and theoretical analysis, the empirical relationship between the ultimate penetration velocity and areal density was determined. This relationship can be used to assess whether the ballistic resistance performance of the PE composite materials meets the requirements. Next, a lightweight ceramic-PE composite structure was designed using numerical calculation and simulation analysis. This structure can effectively protect against 12.7mm API (armor piercing incendiary) projectiles with an areal density of ≤ 70kg/mm2 and 100m/0°. The feasibility of the structure was confirmed through target testing.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Dynamic Response of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls under Near-field Explosion
Authors: Chen Xionghao , Zhou Chaoyang , Zhao Qiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The explosion test and numerical simulation of a full-size specimen were carried out to investigate the dynamic response and failure characteristics of the reinforced concrete shear walls under near-field explosion. The TNT was located at 0.55 m above the top plate center of the reinforced concrete shear wall with an equivalent of 6.4 kg and a proportional distance of 0.296 m/kg1/3. The reinforced concrete shear wall’s reflected overpressure, displacement, and acceleration were measured and analyzed. The laser 3D scanner scanned the backside failure characteristics. An LS-DYNA numerical model was established and validated by the experimental results. The effects of TNT equivalent, reinforcement ratio, concrete strength, and thicknesses on the explosion resistance of the reinforced concrete shear walls were analyzed. The study results show that increasing the reinforcement rate, using high-strength concrete, and increasing the thickness can all improve the blast resistance of reinforced concrete walls, with increasing the thickness being the most effective measure. The peak displacement values of the back of the reinforced concrete shear wall at the center 1/4 height increase with the increase in charge. Using the least square method, the corresponding fitting curve expressions were obtained. The results can provide references for blast-resistant concrete shear walls design.
Flame Propagation and Explosion Characteristics of Multi-component Natural Gas in a Low-pressure Hydrogen-doped Environment
Authors: Qi Sheng , Li Yuntao , Jing Qi , Zhang Laibin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Hydrogen is considered to be the most promising clean energy of the 21st century, and its development and application are conformed to ‘carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals’. Hydrogen-doped natural gas pipelines, as the main means of transporting hydrogen energy, are normally laid through low-pressure areas. The influence of the low-pressure hydrogen-doped environment on the flame propagation and explosion characteristics of hydrogen-doped natural gas is not yet clear. To solve this problem, this paper configures real multi-component natural gas and experimentally obtains flame propagation as well as explosion hazard parameters for natural gas/H2/air mixtures. The tensile flame propagation velocity changes from a gradual decrease to a gradual increase with increasing tensile rate for increasing hydrogen content. The laminar burning velocity increases from 0.44 m/s to 0.66 m/s at 0.75 bar and from 0.49 m/s to 0.69 m/s at 0.50 bar. The increase in laminar burning velocity becomes more and more significant after the hydrogen content exceeds 20%. As the hydrogen content increases, the flame surface goes from smooth to cracked and gradually increases. Lewis number, flame thickness, Markstein length and critical destabilisation radius decrease with increasing hydrogen and increase with decreasing pressure. The flame stability shows the same trend. The explosion hazard of natural gas/H2/air is reinforced as the hydrogen content rises, and the reduction in pressure reduces the explosion overpressure by 70% and the flame temperature by 10%. The results of the current research could provide a scientific reference for the safe delivery of hydrogen-doped natural gas.
Experimental research on damage power of high-entropy alloy fragment penetrating spacer target plate
Authors: Zhou S , Li P Y , Xiang J A , Cai Y Q 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to compare the damage power of different components of high-entropy alloy reactive fragments to the spacer target plate, an experimental study was carried out by ballistic gun experimental equipment. The results show that high-entropy alloy fragments cause kinetic energy and chemical energy coupling damage to the spacer target plate, and a certain degree of fragmentation in the process of penetrating the front target is conducive to improving the damage power of the fragments to the rare target. Combined with the bullet target action behavior recorded by high-speed imaging and the damage area of the rear target, the HfNiZrTiCu fragment has the greatest damage power to the spacer target plate, AlCoCrFeNi2.1 fragment, and HfNbZrTiTa fragment has the same damage power, and HfNbZrTi fragment has the least damage power. Under experimental conditions, the chemical energy released by the reaction is ranked as follows: HfNiZrTiCu, AlCoCrFeNi2.1, HfNbZrTiTa, HfNbZrTi.
The influence of initiation methods on the fragmentation characteristics of axially enhanced warheads
Authors: Lan Yuzhen , Wang Fang , Wang Tian , Wang Cong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Based on Euler-Lagrange element coupling (CEL) simulation algorithm, this paper uses ABAQUS software to simulate and analyze the fragmentation of warhead under single point initiation, two-point initiation and four-point initiation. Simulation results show that the prefabricated fragment of the warhead can cover the target in the axial region completely. Regarding the velocity characteristics of the head fragments, tungsten-zirconium alloy and tungsten alloy fragments show different average velocities under different initiation modes. At four point initiation, the average velocity of tungsten-zirconium alloy fragments is 1371m/s, and the average velocity of tungsten alloy fragments is 1366m/s. At two point initiation, the average velocity of tungsten zirconium alloy fragment is 1351m/s, while the average velocity of tungsten alloy fragment is 1344m/s. When the single point initiation, the average speed of tungsten-zirconium alloy fragments is 1329m/s, and the average speed of tungsten alloy fragments is 1330m/s. The four-point initiation mode shows the highest axial fragment velocity, up to 1,848 m/s, while the single-point initiation mode has a maximum velocity of 1691m/s, a difference of about 150m/s. Secondly, with the increase of the flying angle, the fragment velocity will decrease accordingly. It can be seen that in the case of four-point initiation, the speed of the axial reinforcement fragment can be greatly increased, which can better solve the problem of the central blind area caused by the traditional killing warhead when striking the target, and achieve the coverage of the entire damage target area under the static explosion condition.
Analysis of the Effects of Explosive Reactive Armor during the Penetration Process of Kinetic Energy Projectile
Authors: Ren Zhanping , Ding Li , Yang Junqing , Shen Peihui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
For the purpose of investigating the impact of explosive reactive armors on the penetration and kinetic energy transfer of kinetic energy projectiles, a numerical simulation study was conducted on the kinetic energy projectile impacting typical tank turret armors under the effect of ERA. A numerical simulation software, LS-DYNA, was utilized to simulate the penetration of kinetic energy projectiles under three different conditions (0°, 45°, and 65°) penetrate ERA. The results indicate that the penetration depth of kinetic energy projectiles penetrate the main armor of a turret has a nonlinear decreasing tendency as oblique angle raises. When θ=0°, ERA enhances the vibrational damage capability of the kinetic energy projectile to the turret by approximately 4.2%. When θ=45° and 65°, ERA weakens the vibrational damage capability of the kinetic energy projectile to the turret by approximately 6.1% and 10.8% respectively.
An Advanced High Power Electromagnetic Pulse Generator with High Repetition Frequency
Authors: Yuan Jun , Ma Tengfei , Zhang Jie , Pan Jing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, an electromechanical pulse power source with repetitive frequency based on piezoelectric ceramic array and miniature plasma diode is introduced, which drives the piezoelectric ceramic array with an electromechanical system to generate a high-voltage pulse, which can generate strong electromagnetic radiation power after interacting with the gaseous medium plasma in the miniature plasma diode. This pulse power source can produce high output energy gain by using low-power DC power supply, and the pulse repetition frequency can be electronically adjusted by adjusting the motor speed. This pulse power source also has the advantages of compact structure and low cost, with a wide range of application prospects.
Elastoplastic Mechanical Model and Numerical Simulation for Armature Loading into Railgun
Authors: Xu G , Li B M , Zhu K Y 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The initial contact state of the armature after loading directly affects the performance of initial ballistic stage, which makes it very important to design reasonable interference fit structural parameters and accurately calculate the initial state of the armature after loading. Most of the existing research used elastic constitutive model for numerical simulation. However, it was found that plastic hardening occurs in the partial area by observing the surface of the armature recovered from experiments. In this paper, the elastoplastic constitutive model was utilized to calculate the entire armature loading process. The stress, contact pressure, and engraving resistance during the loading process were obtained and compared with the simulation results based on linear elastic material model. This study can provide a reference for the design of armature interference fit structure and parameters.
Research on ballistic correction technique based on Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle
Authors: Wang S L , Chen K 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The research endeavor focuses on optimizing ballistic trajectories for correction mortar shells, employing Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP) grounded in energy conservation. A controlled particle ballistic model is established for the corrective projectiles, facilitating the derivation of control strategies targeting ballistic attributes. Leveraging MATLAB’s simulation capabilities, this study explores the variable tendencies of trajectory incline, tangential overload, and projectile velocity under a semi-constrained framework—fixed launch points and flexible terminal states. Simultaneously, the corrective efficacy of projectiles is validated. Simulation outcomes affirm that integrating PMP with the projectiles’ mathematical model constitutes a potent approach to resolving ballistic optimization challenges, thereby enhancing trajectory precision and overall projectile performance. This work underscores the significance of optimal control methodologies in advancing projectile technology.
Research on the influence of each interference factor on the testing accuracy of pulse current sensor and improvement method
Authors: Ding W J , Li H Y , Zhang H Y 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The excellent performance of rogowski coils is often used as current sensors during transient pulse high current testing. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurements, it is necessary to consider the influence that various factors may have on the results in practical applications. Rogowski coil structure, external magnetic field interference, current-carrying conductor installation position, the size of the current-carrying conductor and other interfering factors are quantitatively analyzed, and measures are proposed to improve the accuracy of Rogowski coil measurement. The analyses show that each of the interfering factors affects the accuracy of the rogowski coil to some extent. Among them, the interfering magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the rogowski coil has the greatest effect.
Simulation analysis of transient thermal distribution of electromagnetic gun repeated launch
Authors: Song J Z , Li H Y , Zhou F , Wang Z F 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to study the distribution of transient thermal effects on the rail during the repeated launching of the electromagnetic gun, and to avoid the accumulation of heat that could damage the launching accuracy and the life of the gun, a two-dimensional finite element simulation was carried out. This simulation was based on the ANSYS finite element analysis software and focused on several typical positions of cross-sections of the rail. By observing the change of transient thermal in the cross section under repeated launch, the changes of node temperature in different positions of the rail over time and the change of transient thermal in the rail under temperature-dependent conductivity, the law of current density and energy accumulation is summarized, and the subsequent design of rail structure and thermal management should pay attention to the cooling of the rail bore and the starting position of the armature, and point out that the influence of the temperature on the conductivity should be taken into account in the rail thermal study.
Discussion on the reverse recovery characteristics and protection methods of high-power silicon stack in electromagnetic railgun pulse forming network
Authors: Liu Y Y , Liu J , Li J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In response to the problem of adverse effects on circuit elements caused by the reverse recovery characteristics of electromagnetic railgun freewheeling silicon stack during the sequential discharge process of pulse forming network, this paper uses the existing diode reverse recovery model and simulates the I-t and U-t change curves during the diode reverse recovery process through numerical calculation methods, obtaining results that are consistent with expectations. And through the pulse forming network composed of two modules in parallel, the changes in load voltage during the PFN timing discharge process were analyzed, and the impact of the reverse recovery process of the freewheeling diode on the power module was analyzed. Explored the influence of storage time and recovery time on the peak reverse current and maximum current change rate during reverse recovery process, and verified the correctness of the theory that if the reverse recovery time is too short, it can also cause damage to semiconductor components in the circuit.
Capacitor cell for generation pulses with high repetition rate
Authors: Enikeev R. , Fridman B , Kryukov Yu , Medvedev M , Nechaev N , Podduev M , Serebrov R , Khapugin A , Muskatinev V , Nemaev D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The capacitor cell with stored energy 36 kJ is intended for work with pulse repetition rate 1 Hz in the stationary capacitive energy store. Discharge current switching is provided by the semiconductor commutator unit which includes the RSD switches, blocking and crowbar diodes. There is forced liquid-cooling of the semiconductor devices in the capacitor cell.