bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Asymptomatic and/or Treated Brain Metastases on Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Sihan , Zhang Hongwei , Liu Tingting , Chen Jun , Dang Jun 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundTo assess the effect of asymptomatic and/or treated brain metastases (BMs) on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and recent meetings were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsSeventeen articles reporting 15 RCTs with 10,358 patients (1,199 with and 9,159 without BMs) were eligible. ICIs were associated with longer OS and PFS than those in chemotherapy either in patients with (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51–0.82 and HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.45–0.79) or without BMs (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.70–0.78 and HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.57–0.86); no significant difference in the pooled HRs for OS (Pinteraction = 0.29) and PFS (Pinteraction = 0.37) was observed between the two patient populations. Subgroup analyses revealed that either ICI monotherapy or combination therapy significantly improved OS and PFS compared with those in chemotherapy both for patients with and without BMs. Superior OS benefit from ICI combination therapy than that in monotherapy was observed in patients with BMs (HR, 0.49 vs. 0.81, Pinteraction = 0.005) but not in patients without BMs (HR, 0.71 vs. 0.76, Pinteraction = 0.27).ConclusionThere was no compelling statistical evidence that the efficacy of ICIs in metastatic NSCLC was modified by the presence of asymptomatic and/or treated BMs. Patients with BMs were likely to obtain more OS benefit from ICI combination therapy than that from monotherapy.
The Effect of Cream and Gel Vehicles on the Percutaneous Absorption and Skin Retention of a New Eugenol Derivative With Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Makuch Edyta , Nowak Anna , Günther Andrzej , Pełech Robert , Kucharski Łukasz , Duchnik Wiktoria , Klimowicz Adam 
Published: June 2021

The effect of cream and gel vehicles containing clove water on skin permeability was compared for a new eugenol derivative (eugenyl dichloroacetate—EDChA) with antioxidant activity. In vitro permeation experiments were conducted in a Franz cell with porcine skin. The cumulative mass and skin accumulation of EDChA were investigated and compared. The antioxidative capacity of the studied vehicles was determined by using the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical reduction method. The antioxidant activity (evaluated with DPPH, ABTS, and the Folin–Ciocalteu methods) of the fluid that penetrated through the pig skin and of the fluid obtained after the skin extraction, were also determined. For comparison, eugenol was also tested. The results of this work could contribute to the development of vehicles with antioxidant potential estimated after 24 h of conducting the experiment, which indicates long-term protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the deeper layers of the skin. The waste water from the clove buds steam distillation -contains several valuable biologically active compounds, and its use is environmentally friendly. We observed that gel vehicles were the best enhancer of skin permeation for both eugenol and its derivative. In most cases, -similar cumulative masses of eugenol and its ester were found in the acceptor fluid. The accumulation of EDChA was higher for cream vehicles in relation to the parent eugenol when applied onto the skin. The greatest amounts of eugenol were accumulated in the skin when these compounds were used in gel vehicles.
Relationship Between Blood Cytokine Levels, Psychological Comorbidity, and Widespreadness of Pain in Chronic Pelvic Pain
Authors: Karshikoff Bianka , Martucci Katherine T. , Mackey Sean 
Published: June 2021

Background: Low-grade inflammation has been implicated in the etiology of depression, long-term fatigue and chronic pain. TNFα and IL-6 are perhaps the most studied pro-inflammatory cytokines in the field of psychoneuroimmunology. The purpose of our study was to further investigate these relationships in patients with chronic pelvic pain specifically. Using plasma samples from a large, well-described cohort of patients with pelvic pain and healthy controls via the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network, we examined the relationship between TNFα and IL-6 and comorbid psychological symptoms. We also investigated the relationship between IL-8 and GM-CSF, and widespreadness of pain.Methods: We included baseline blood samples in the analyses, 261 patients (148 women) and 110 healthy controls (74 women). Fourteen pro- and anti-inflammatory or regulatory cytokines were analyzed in a Luminex® xMAP® high-sensitivity assay. We used regression models that accounted for known factors associated with the outcome variables to determine the relationship between cytokine levels and clinical measures.Results: There were no statistical differences in cytokine levels between patients and healthy controls when controlling for age. In patients, TNFα was significantly associated with levels of fatigue (p = 0.026), but not with pain intensity or depression. IL-6 was not significantly related to any of the outcome variables. Women with pelvic pain showed a negative relationship between IL-8 and widespreadness of pain, while men did not (p = 0.003). For both sexes, GM-CSF was positively related to widespreadness of pain (p = 0.039).Conclusion: Our results do not suggest low-grade systemic inflammation in chronic pelvic pain. Higher TNFα blood levels were related to higher fatigue ratings, while higher systemic GM-CSF levels predicted more widespread pain. Our study further suggests a potentially protective role of IL-8 with regard to with regard to the widepreadness of pain in the body, at least for women.
La mention des enfants dans les textes néo-babyloniens
Authors: Joannès Francis 
Published: June 2021

During the neo-Babylonian period, the children are distinguished by sex and distributed in different age groups. In fact, the texts concerning slaves are the most explicit about the situation of children. In the family structure the little child is primarily attached to the mother.
Neo-Babylonian documentation provides information on the risks to which the young children are exposed (abandonment, sale or donation in the event of serious difficulties). The sanctuaries appear, according to a very old tradition, to be the principal guarantors for their protection, but the private archives also provide some indications to measures taken to ensure the future of the little children.
ASSESSMENT OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ITS COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
Authors: Tu Nhung Hong , Nguyen Cong Thanh 
Published: June 2021

Concrete is the primary material used in construction. The importance of concrete is shown through its strength criteria which are indispensable in all structural designs of the engineers. This article is to determine the tensile strength of concrete according to the compressive strength through an experimental study for thestrength grade B15, B20, B25 of concrete. In this study, tensile and compressive strength of concrete were determined by tensile test and compression test on the same sample. The experimental results show that the tensile strength of concrete is much smaller than its compressive strength. For concrete at 28 days, the tensilestrength is 12,0% to 12,8% of the compressive strength. The reliability of the above compressive strength value is ensured by the standard compression test. The results of this study are recommended for practical testing of concrete strength.
An Interactive Framework for Teaching Viscoelastic Modeling
Authors: Kah Delf , Fabry Ben , Gerum Richard C. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Rheologic models consisting of combinations of linear elements, such as springs and dashpots, are widely used in biophysics to describe the mechanical and, in particular, the viscoelastic behavior of proteins, cells, tissue, and soft matter. Even simple arrangements with few elements often suffice to recapitulate the experimental data and to provide biophysical insights, making them an ideal subject for educational purposes. To provide students with an intuitive understanding of the mechanical behavior of spring and dashpot models, we describe a computer simulation tool, elastic viscous system simulator (ElViS), written in the JavaScript programming language for designing viscoelastic models via a graphical user interface and simulating the mechanical response to various inputs. As an example application, we designed a virtual laboratory course using ElViS that teaches the basic principles of viscoelastic modeling in a gamelike manner. We then surveyed 50 undergraduate students of a 1-semester course in biophysics who participated in the virtual laboratory course. Students felt that the course was a helpful addition to the lecture and that it improved learning success.
Święty Jan od Krzyża, Wojtyła i Grotowski: Ku sztuce numinotycznej
Authors: Krupa Marlena 
Published: June 2021

W artykule postawiona została teza, że w sposobie myślenia o sztuce Karola Wojtyły i Jerzego Grotowskiego znaleźć można punkty wspólne, które łączą ich estetyczno-etyczne koncepcje z dziełem Jana od Krzyża. Autorka dowodzi, że ogniwem pośrednim w obu przypadkach mogły być teksty i poglądy zafascynowanych Janem od Krzyża twórców teatralnych – Juliusza Osterwy i Mieczysława Kotlarczyka. W analizie porównawczej wybranych aspektów pism Wojtyły, Grotowskiego i Jana od Krzyża, odsłaniającej podobieństwa i różnice w ich rozumieniu sztuki, uwypuklone zostały elementy charakterystyczne dla estetyki performatywności. Autorka interpretuje zbieżności terminologiczne w analizowanych tekstach, skupiając się na pojęciach dotyczących celu sztuki oraz metod osiągania tego celu. Stara się pokazać, że wszyscy trzej twórcy wykorzystywali na różne sposoby performatywność i epifaniczność sztuki dla eksploracji ludzkich doświadczeń związanych ze sferą numinosum.
Autograf Jana Stefaniego i nowa edycja muzyczna «Krakowiaków i Górali»: Raz jeszcze o sytuacji tekstologicznej opery
Authors: Chachulski Jakub 
Published: June 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest sytuacja tekstologiczna opery Wojciecha Bogusławskiego i Jana Stefaniego Cud czyli Krakowiacy i Górale, a podstawowym celem – próba połączenia dotychczas rozbieżnych perspektyw i stanowisk badaczy libretta (przede wszystkim Mieczysława Klimowicza) i przekazów muzycznych (edycja źródłowo-krytyczna opery Adama Tomasza Kukli). Autor analizuje edycję Kukli w kontekście aktualnego stanu badań filologicznych nad librettem i wskazuje jej dyskusyjne założenia – niedostateczne uwzględnienie tych badań oraz użycie lwowskiej wersji libretta bez względu na jej znane braki. Przedstawia wątpliwości dotyczące stanowiska Klimowicza, autora ostatniej edycji literackiej libretta, w kwestii oceny autograficznej partytury Stefaniego, i wynikające z niego problemy edycji literackiej. Ostatecznie formułuje argumenty za przyjęciem możliwie najwcześniejszej datacji autograficznej partytury (prapremiera 1794) – wbrew zbyt ostrożnemu stanowisku Kukli – i proponuje nową interpretację sytuacji tekstologicznej opery uwzględniającą tę hipotezę.
Формування містобудівних об’єктів відновлення з використанням природних матеріалів
Authors: Мельник Ю.А. , Верешко О.В. , Білоус Д.Ю. , Мельник О.В. 
Published: June 2021

Концепція функціонування реабілітаційних центрів передбачає комплексний підхід. Одним із варіантів прискорення одужання та реабілітації пацієнтів є гармонійний психо-емоційний стан, який досягається завдяки зануренню в природне середовище. В роботі запропоновано концепцію створення містобудівного об’єкту відновлення з використанням природних матеріалів на прикладі проєкту центру реабілітації на території військової частини у м. Володимир-Волинський.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN NASABAH PADA BANK BJB KCP WANARAJA-GARUT
Authors: Kurniyasih Deti , Sudrartono Tiris 
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap tingkat kepuasan nasabah dengan menggunakan lima dimensi kualitas pelayanan yaitu tangible (bukti fisik)¸empathy (empati), reliability (keandalan), responsiveness (daya tanggap), dan assurance (jaminan) di Bank bjb Kcp Wanaraja Garut. Populasi penelitian adalah semua nasabah yang berkunjung di Bank bjb Kcp Wanaraja-Garut pada periode 2020, dimana populasinya berjumlah 18.530 nasabah sedangkan sampel yang ditetapkan dengan menggunakan acuan perhitungan rumus Slovin yaitu sebanyak 99,3 responden yang dibulatkan menjadi 99 responden untuk menjawab pernyataan pada kuesioner yang dibagikan. Kemudian dilakukan uji statistik (uji validitas, uji koefesion korelasi, uji koefesion determinasi dan uji hipotesis) dengan menggunakan SPSS V.26. hasil analisis data diperoleh thitung sebesar 41,994 > ttabel sebesar 1,660, sehingga uji hipotesis pada variabel x Kualitas Pelayanan memiliki pengaruh yang sangat positif terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Nasabah. Dari hasil output SPSS diperoleh R square sebesar 0.948 atau 94,8%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa Kepuasan Pelanggan pada Bank bjb Kcp Wanaraja-Garut mampu dipengaruhi oleh Kualitas Pelayanan yang diberikan mencapai 94.8%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 5,2% merupakan pengaruh atau kontribusi dari variabel lainn yang tidak diteliti diluar penelitian.Kata Kunci : Kepuasan, Kualitas, Pelayanan.
Traditional Tausug Pagkawin in Sulu
Authors: Sajan Alkinor R. , Aldren J. Jamasali  , Yasser-Asil D. Samsal Jr.  , Rashmie G. Estino  , Abdulamir G. Ismael  
Published: June 2021

In the history of human race, intimate relationship is normal. When civilization begun to flourish, norms and standards of societies also thrived and preserved. copulation is lawfully decreed to be bound by marriage. Marital norm is either prescriptive or proscriptive which depends upon the societal standard. The Tausugs claims to be a Muslim tribe, their marriage custom is traditional however, but anchored on the Islamic principle where they are obliged to carefully observe the so-called ritual Nikah or Pagkawin.
Due to geographical dimensions of Sulu Archipelago, Pagkawin among the Tausugs is of the same concept but slightly different in practice. This paper will discuss the Traditional Pagkawin and their variations in five different municipalities of Sulu.
Issues and Challenges Confronting History Teachers in The Implementation Of K-12 Curriculum in The Province of Sulu
Authors: Mohammad Abdulla I. 
Published: June 2021

The study is a descriptive research which looked into the issues and challenges related to the implantation of K-12 curriculum. More importantly, this research undertaking identified various problems confronting the teachers.
A survey questionnaire was used in gathering the data. Respondents were History teachers in National High Schools, Laboratory High Schools and Notre Dame Schools in some municipalities in the Province of Sulu. They were purposely chosen in the investigation of issues and challenges confronting History Teachers in the implementation of the K-12 curriculum.
The teachers-respondents were majority male at the age category 31 to 40 years old, finished only Baccalaureate Degree, and the teaching History subject for 5 to 10 years. The Male History Teachers in the High Schools of Sulu at their age category 31 to 40 years old have not pursued educational growth in spite of their 5 to 10 years in service.
The study concluded that the History teachers are not growing professionally in terms of their educational attainment. They strongly agreed in their perceptions and actual observations that problems did exist on the implementation of the K-12 curriculum to wit: Learning Resources and Needs, Teacher’s Competency: Method, Approaches and Technique, Administrator’s Competency and Teaching, Supervisor’s Competency, Monitoring, Technical Assistance, Evaluation, and Assessment.
Based on the result of the study on the Issues and Challenges Confronting History Teachers in the Implementation of K-12 curriculum in the Province of Sulu, History Teachers should improve their educational attainment, they must earn at least Master’s Degree in line with his or her major because I believed the more the teachers spent time in schooling the better their method of teaching would be developed. We need to be lifelong learners, holistically developed and globally oriented and locally grounded and that is our modern world required us a productive and competitive Filipino citizen.
A Social Media Supported Distance Education Application for the Building Cost Course Given in Civil Engineering Education During the COVID 19 Quarantine
Authors: Onur Uğur Latif , Penbe Kadir 
Published: June 2021

A distance education application in Düzce University within the Fall Semester, which started in September 2020, constitutes the main subject of this study. 118 students chose the Construction Cost course, which is one of the fourth year elective courses in Civil Engineering, this term. In addition to the lectures given within the Düzce University Distance Education Center (UZEM), different applications have been made / made through a social media (Whatsapp) group in which all students participated. With the help of additional videos, audio and written messages, an application was made based on increasing the communication opportunities with the participant students, teachers and other students, and developing a civil engineering culture. By increasing motivation with research assignments including construction industry practices and problems, monitoring documentary construction projects, interesting photographs and videos; The aim is to follow a lesson close to formal education for students who are encouraged to learn by experiencing the lesson, to make participatory practices, and to discuss their findings. In the meantime, the importance of first degree health protection was emphasized with information sharing and recommendations on the importance of compliance with COVID 19 measures. It was preferred to reinforce the importance of Self-Learning / Study practices.
Broken Power-law Energy Spectra of the Accelerated Electrons Detected in Radio and Hard X-Rays during the SOL2013-05-13 Event
Authors: da Silva Douglas Félix , Valio Adriana 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Solar flares, resulting from magnetic activity of the Sun, are among the most energetic events in the solar system and in extreme cases directly affect our highly technological society. In this work, we analyze a solar flare detected at millimeter and centimeter wavelengths, as well as X-rays above 1 MeV. Observations of solar flares at these energy bands provide diagnostics of the energetic accelerated electrons and the magnetic fields where the emission is produced. During the SOL2013-05-13 solar flare, radio data were obtained by the telescope system POlarisation Emission of Millimeter Activity at the Sun, which observes the Sun at 45 and 90 GHz with polarization measurements, and at microwaves (1–15 GHz) by the Radio Solar Telescope Network. For the same event, X-ray emission was detected by the RHESSI and Fermi satellites. Spectra at both wavelengths were constructed and fit separately to yield the accelerated electron energy distribution that produced the emission. The optically thin radio spectral index was calculated by fitting the Ramaty model of gyrosynchrotron emission to the observed radio spectrum, whereas the hard X-ray spectral index was obtained from the spectral fit assuming a thermal emission model plus a nonthermal broken power-law distribution. Finally, both spectral indexes were compared and confirmed that the index obtained from the radio spectrum agrees with the index of the X-ray spectrum for energies above the break energy of ∼600 keV. Thus, the hard X-rays more energetic than 600 keV and high radio frequencies of solar flares are emitted by the same population of high-energy accelerated electrons. This result indicates that the accelerated electrons have an energy distribution best represented by a broken power law, with a breakup above energies around 1 MeV.
L’économique contre le politique. La dette, son amortissement et son financement chez de jeunes et vieux saint-simoniens (1825-1880)
Authors: Coste Clément 
Published: June 2021

Lorsque le mouvement saint-simonien est étudié par les historiens de la pensée économique c’est essentiellement en tant que participation à une première expression du socialisme français ou comme idiome de l’industrialisme naissant. Cet article propose une lecture du rapport entretenu par certains saint-simoniens avec la dette publique et son financement. Il permet autant d’illustrer la lecture dichotomique classique entre un jeune saint-simonisme idéaliste et « socialiste », et un saint-simonisme tardif plus conforme au libéralisme économique dominant dans la seconde moitié du xix e siècle, que d’éclairer une certaine continuité dans l’argumentation relative à la dette publique. Recourir à la dette plutôt qu’à l’impôt et s’attacher à en diminuer les arrérages apparaît comme un moyen de dompter l’oisiveté et de l’assujettir aux impératifs de l’ordre industriel.
1. Théorie économique et jugement pratique
Authors: Berthoud Arnaud , Mardellat Patrick 
Published: June 2021

Savoir s’il y a encore utilité à produire des théories économiques au vu de ce qu’on appelle communément le tournant empirique actuel ne peut pas être traité sans poser en même temps plusieurs questions. D’abord, que faut-il entendre par connaissance théorique en général et connaissance théorique en économie en particulier ; ensuite, quelle forme de vérité ou de validation en constitue la qualité ; enfin, qui pourrait en faire usage, dans quelles circonstances et pour quel objectif ? Ce sont ces questions et tout ce qu’elles impliquent que traitent les sept articles de ce numéro, illustrant la pluralité des conceptions du travail de l’économiste et du rôle de la théorie qu’introduisent les remarques suivantes. Classification JEL : A11, B4.
3. Marx et l’émergence de la société par actions : Fonctions, revenus et classes de la « Grande Industrie »
Authors: Chirat Alexandre 
Published: June 2021

La réception marxiste de la littérature managériale fut largement critique alors même qu’un grand nombre de constats sont partagés par les auteurs appartenant à ces deux corpus. Cette réception s’explique par certaines équivoques présentes dans les écrits de Marx. Il existe en effet dans son œuvre, lorsqu’il s’efforce de prendre en compte l’émergence des grandes entreprises, une tension forte entre sa volonté réaliste et son cadre analytique. Le but de cet article est de présenter sa tentative d’intégration, au sein de son schéma d’analyse de la dynamique du capitalisme, des transformations caractéristiques de l’ère dite de « la Grande Industrie », en particulier l’émergence des sociétés par actions. Pour ce faire, nous discutons des distinctions conceptuelles opérées par Marx entre le capitaliste financier, le capitaliste industriel, le directeur et le manager. Celles-ci peuvent conduire à réinterroger sa théorie de la détermination des classes sociales, comme le firent les auteurs de la « révolution managériale » ou, plus récemment, Duménil et Lévy (2011, 2018). JEL Classification : B14, B51, P12, Z13