bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth Characteristics Layur Fish Lepturacanthus savala in Juata Waters, Tarakan, Indonesia
Authors: Indarjo Agus , Salim Gazali , Amir Fahrizal , Supriadi Supriadi , Soejarwo Permana Ari , Nugraeni Christine Dyta , Prakoso Lukman Yudho , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto , Firdaus Muhammad , Ransangan Julian 
Published: June 2021

The city of Tarakan, Indonesia, benefits economically from abundant marine biological resources, one of which is the layur fish, known commercially as ribbonfish. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth character of the layur fish (Lepturacanthus savala) obtained from the juata waters of Tarakan City. The method of this quantitative and descriptive study was to analyze the growth of layur fish Lepturacanthus savala in the Juata waters off the coast from the city of Tarakan. Body shape, length, weight, and ratio sex data were collected from sites selected by the purposive sampling method based on trawl fishing catch. Secondary data, collected from interviews of fishing personnel, included the number of catches using trawling gear and trawl fishing location. The length ranges of male from 20,4 to 54,0 cm with an average length of 37,2±16.8 cm (n = 255) and the length ranges of female from 20,5 to 68 cm with an average length of 44,25±23.75 cm (n = 275). The results showed that maximum length of male layur fish was smaller than the maximum length of female fish, which were 59.352 cm at 267 d and 72.638 cm at 315 d, respectively. The result shows a negative allometric growth pattern male and female layur fish was found to be the same and sex ratio of male to female has a ratio of 1,0: 1,8 with a percentage of males at 48.11% and females at 51.89%. The majority of male and female fish exhibited a thin body shape (51,4% of male and 52% of female).
Masculinization of Tropical Eel Anguilla bicolor McClelland in Different Population Density
Authors: Rachmawati Farida Nur , Sistina Yulia 
Published: June 2021

In general, female eel dominates the results of catching eel in the river. Male fish dare rarely found in nature, therefore masculinization is necessary for obtaining in males. The administration of 17α-methyltestosterone to masculinize Anguilla bicolor McClelland. It is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid which has potential to endocrine disrupter that disturbed function of normal reproduction in human or animal. It urgently needed that a masculinization technique needs to study the use of an environmental factor. Population density is one of the environmental factors that influence gender determination (ESD-environmental dependent sex determination). This will result in increased cortisol secretion, which will further stimulate the synthesis of 11-KT steroids that affect male gonad differentiation. This study aims to induce masculinization in tropical eel Anguilla bicolor McClelland in different density. Three treatments and three replicates conducted the research. The treatments were one fish.48 L-1, two fish.48 L-1 and three fish.48 L-1. Eels size was approximately similar, at 16,78 g±0,62 in weight, and 25,38 cm±0,15 in length were either culture in brackish water for eight weeks. The results showed that density population treatment significantly increased the Fin Index (P<0.05), but no sign for Eye Index, GSI, HSI, and testosterone level. The highest male population (77,8%) achieves at the highest density treatment, three fish.48 L-1 population density. It can be concluded, based on reproductive observations, population density does not affect gonad maturity/puberty, but the high population density (3 fish.48 L-1)stimulates Anguilla bicolor McClelland masculinization.
Natuna Off-Shelf Current (NOC) Vertical Variability and Its Relation to ENSO in the North Natuna Sea
Authors: Hariyadi Hariyadi , Hutabarat Johannes , Sugianto Denny Nugroho , Noercholis Muhammad Faiq Marwa , Prasetyarini Niken Dwi , Pranowo Widodo S. , Kunarso Kunarso , Wetchayount Parichat , Wirasatriya Anindya 
Published: June 2021

During the northwest monsoon (NWM), southerly flow off the Natuna Islands appeared as the extension of the turning Vietnam coastal jet, known as Natuna off-shelf current (NOC). NOC is generated by the interaction of wind stress and the North Natuna Sea’s bottom topography. The purposes of the present study is to investigate the vertical variability of NOC and its relation to El Niňo Southern Oscillation (ENSO) using Marine Copernicus reanalysis data. The vertical variability refers to the spatial distribution of NOC pattern at the surface layer, thermocline layer, and deep/bottom layer. in 2014 as representative of normal ENSO condition. To investigate the effect of ENSO, the spatial distribution of NOC in 2011 and 2016 were compared which represent the La Niňa and El Niňo conditions, respectively. The results show that NOC starts to generate at the southeast monsoon season to the transition I season and peaks in the northwest monsoon season. The occurrence of NOC is identified at all depth layers with the weakened NOC at the deep layer. Related to the ENSO effect, La Niňa tends to strengthen NOC while El Niňo tends to weaken NOC. These are releted with the strengthening and weakening northerly wind speed during La Niňa and El Niňo, Respectively. During La Niňa events, the NOC occurs more frequently than during El Niňo. Thus, beside affecting the magnitude of NOC, ENSO also influence the frequency occurrence of NOC.
Revisiting the Spawning Pattern of Nyale Worms (Eunicidae) Using the Metonic Cycle
Authors: Bachtiar Imam , Odani Shingo 
Published: June 2021

Mass spawning dates of nyale worms (Eunicidae) have been scientifically predictable since 2019. The month of spawning is consistently following the pattern of the February full moon, while the date of spawning is consistently on the 20th of the lunar calendar. There are particular years with February only spawning, March only spawning, and split spawning in both February and March. The existing prediction of the split spawning, however, was constructed with very little available data. The present study aimed to revisit the split spawning prediction using the Metonic cycle, a 19-year lunisolar cycle. The results show that the spawning prediction very much follows the Metonic Cycle. There are minor dates on split spawning to be revised, when February full moon rises on 14th February. The revised hypothesis is that split spawning is very likely to occur when the full moon rises between the 7th to 13th of February. When February full moon appears before the 7th of February, single spawning will take place on the fifth day after the March full moon. When February full moon befalls after the 13th of February, single spawning will occur on the fifth day after the February full moon. The revised prediction method has only 2 (two) deviances in 114 years of simulation dates. The present study is the first to suggest the link between Polychaete spawning patterns and the Metonic Cycle.
Betti numbers and pseudoeffective cones in 2-Fano varieties
Authors: Muratore Giosuè Emanuele 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The 2-Fano varieties, defined by De Jong and Starr, satisfy some higher-dimensional analogous properties of Fano varieties. We consider (weak) k-Fano varieties and conjecture the polyhedrality of the cone of pseudoeffective k-cycles for those varieties, in analogy with the case k = 1. Then we calculate some Betti numbers of a large class of k-Fano varieties to prove some special case of the conjecture. In particular, the conjecture is true for all 2-Fano varieties of index at least n − 2, and we complete the classification of weak 2-Fano varieties answering Questions 39 and 41 in [2].
Geodesic orbit Finsler spaces with K ≥ 0 and the (FP) condition
Authors: Xu Ming 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We study the interaction between the g.o. property and certain flag curvature conditions. A Finsler manifold is called g.o. if each constant speed geodesic is the orbit of a one-parameter subgroup. Besides the non-negatively curved condition, we also consider the condition (FP) for the flag curvature, i.e. in any flag we find a flag pole such that the flag curvature is positive. By our main theorem, if a g.o. Finsler space (M, F) has non-negative flag curvature and satisfies (FP), then M is compact. If M = G/H where G has a compact Lie algebra, then the rank inequality rk 𝔤 ≤ rk 𝔥+1 holds. As an application,we prove that any even-dimensional g.o. Finsler space which has non-negative flag curvature and satisfies (FP) is a smooth coset space admitting a positively curved homogeneous Riemannian or Finsler metric.
Der kosmologische Gottesbeweis des Ralph von Battle. Rekonstruktion, Kritik und Einordnung
Authors: Goebel Bernd , Tapp Christian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper reconstructs (in natural language) and discusses a proof of God’s existence by Anselm of Canterbury’s friend Ralph of Battle (1040–1124), developed in his recently edited De nesciente, a fictitious dialogue between a Christian and an atheist. Without precedent in antiquity and the Middle Ages, Ralph’s proof has never been examined in detail. It combines a “cogito” argument with a two-part cosmological argument. The paper first presents the textual basis and an exegetical interpretation of Ralph’s reasoning, classifies the parts of the proof historically and systematically, and then compares these with the proofs of God’s existence as well as other arguments in Anselm’s Proslogion and Monologion. Finally, it points out some similarities between Ralph’s “cogito” argument and a passage in the Liber pro insipiente, which may suggest that this anonymous critique of Anselm’s Proslogion proof was authored not by Gaunilo, as traditionally thought, but by Ralph.
Socrates, the ‘What is F-ness?’ Question, and the Priority of Definition
Authors: Clark Justin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In the so-called ‘dialogues of definition,’ Socrates appears to endorse the ‘priority of definition.’ This principle states that an agent cannot know anything about F-ness (its instances, examples, properties, etc.) without knowing what F-ness is (the definition of F-ness). Not only is this principle implausible, it is also difficult to square with Socrates’ method. In employing his method, Socrates appeals to truths about the instances and properties of F-ness, even while pursuing definitional knowledge; meanwhile, he holds that one cannot know those truths without already knowing the definition. Thus, there is a tension between Socrates’ principle and his method. Commentators have tried to resolve this problem in various ways, though typically without a careful examination of his ‘What is F-ness?’ question. I argue that Socrates employs the ‘What is F-ness?’ question as a way of introducing two distinct types of investigation into F-ness (conceptual and causal). With this established, the relationship between Socrates’ principle and his method comes to light, and the tension is resolved.
Should clinical laboratories adapt to the reality of chronic kidney disease in the determination of parathyroid hormone?
Authors: González-Casaus María Luisa , Fernández-Calle Pilar , Buño Soto Antonio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The contribution of the clinical laboratory to diagnostics is increasingly important since a great deal of clinical decisions rely on laboratory test results.

Content
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) measurement presents a considerable analytical variability due to the heterogeneity of its circulating forms and the antigenic configuration of the different assays commercially available. Such variability may have an impact on pathological conditions associated with significant increases in circulating PTH, as it is the case of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Summary
Despite the recent identification of new molecules involved in bone and mineral disorders associated with CKD, such as klotho or the fibroblastic factor 23 (FGF23), nephrologists still base their clinical decisions on PTH concentrations. The problem is that unawareness of these analytical considerations may cause errors in the clinical interpretation of test results.

Outlook
This systematic review addresses these issues from the clinical laboratory perspective and proposes new approaches related to PTH method selection and result expression. These new strategies will help laboratory medicine specialists and nephrologist better determine the status of CKD patients.
Financial Reforms and Consumption Smoothing
Authors: Boileau Martin , Zheng Tianxiao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We study how financial reforms affect the extent of consumption smoothing in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of an emerging economy. Consistent with the empirical literature and reform efforts in South Korea and South Africa, we emphasize the relation between consumer credit and durable purchases, and model reforms as the relaxation of the collateral constraint on lower income households. We find that the relaxation of the collateral constraint accounts for a substantial share of the decline in consumption smoothing experienced in South Korea and South Africa.
ADHFE1 is a correlative factor of patient survival in cancer
Authors: Chen Qi , Wu Qiyan , Peng Yaojun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenase iron containing 1 (ADHFE1) encodes a hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase participating in multiple biological processes. The role of ADHFE1 in cancer has not been fully uncovered. Herein, we performed data analysis to investigate the expression of ADHFE1 and the underlying regulatory mechanisms, its relationship with cancer patients’ survival, and the relevant pathways in cancer. A range of recognized, web-available databases and bioinformatics tools were used in this in silico study. We found that ADHFE1 was frequently downregulated and hypermethylated in various cancer cell lines and tissue samples. High expression of ADHFE1 was positively associated with favorable patient prognosis in breast, colon, and gastric cancers. Pathway analysis revealed its potential role in cancer-related biological processes, including energy metabolism, DNA replication, and cell cycle regulation. AHDFE1 mRNA expression and DNA methylation can potentially be used as diagnostic markers in cancer and might be of great value in predicting the survival of patients with cancer.
Novel severe traumatic brain injury blood outcome biomarkers identified with proximity extension assay
Authors: Fraser Douglas D. , Chen Michelle , Ren Annie , Miller Michael R. , Martin Claudio , Daley Mark , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Prassas Ioannis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients suffer high mortality. Accurate prognostic biomarkers have not been identified. In this exploratory study, we performed targeted proteomics on plasma obtained from sTBI patients to identify potential outcome biomarkers.

Methods
Blood sample was collected from patients admitted to the ICU suffering a sTBI, using standardized clinical and computerized tomography (CT) imaging criteria. Age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects and sTBI patients were enrolled. Targeted proteomics was performed on plasma with proximity extension assays (1,161 proteins).

Results
Cohorts were well-balanced for age and sex. The majority of sTBI patients were injured in motor vehicle collisions and the most frequent head CT finding was subarachnoid hemorrhage. Mortality rate for sTBI patients was 40%. Feature selection identified the top performing 15 proteins for identifying sTBI patients from healthy control subjects with a classification accuracy of 100%. The sTBI proteome was dominated by markers of vascular pathology, immunity/inflammation, cell survival and macrophage/microglia activation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses demonstrated areas-under-the-curves (AUC) for identifying sTBI that ranged from 0.870-1.000 (p≤0.005). When mortality was used as outcome, ROC curve analyses identified the top 3 proteins as Willebrand factor (vWF), Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1), and colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1). Combining vWF with either WIF-1 or CSF-1 resulted in excellent mortality prediction with AUC of 1.000 for both combinations (p=0.011).

Conclusions
Targeted proteomics with feature classification and selection distinguished sTBI patients from matched healthy control subjects. Two protein combinations were identified that accurately predicted sTBI patient mortality. Our exploratory findings require confirmation in larger sTBI patient populations.
Gefühle und der begriffliche Raum des menschlichen Lebens
Authors: Demmerling Christoph 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper I defend the thesis that emotions are conceptual phenomena. It is assumed that the capacity to acquire a language and thereby the capacity to possess concepts in an exacting sense fundamentally changes the human mind and, ultimately, the human being as a whole, including in relation to its physical condition. Although emotions do not presuppose language, the capacity to use and understand a language can nonetheless change their content. In recent discussions on affective intentionality, emotions are conceived primarily as modes of qualitative awareness of something. In an emotion, one is connected sufficiently to a section of the world that one can feel this relation. With regard to the question of whether emotions are conceptual phenomena, a distinction between a conceptuality thesis and a propositionality thesis is made. In essence, the considerations speak in favour of the conceptual character of emotions without viewing them as linguistically or propositionally structured phenomena. Three understandings of the view that emotions are conceptual are elucidated. The view is defended that registering the content of emotions presupposes concepts, though these emotions are not therefore made up of concepts.
Bei diesem Beitrag handelt es sich um eine nur geringfügig veränderte deutsche Fassung des ursprünglich in englischer Sprache erschienenen Textes Demmerling (2021). Dem Verlag Routledge ist für die Genehmigung eines Abdrucks in deutscher Sprache zu danken.
Platons Philosophie der Stasis
Authors: Olbrich André 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper the understanding of the term “stasis” in Plato’s works is investigated. This term usually characterizes internal conflicts among the Greeks and has been increasingly discussed in newer debates on political philosophy. To approach the concept of stasis, its difference from the concept of “polemos” (the Greek word for war) is discussed. The aim is to show the functions of the various differentiations of these terms, in order to draw essential lessons from Plato’s work for today’s research about violent conflicts within political orders.
Populismus als Politik der Herabsetzung
Authors: Herrmann Steffen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPopulism and degradation are closely related. Not only is the insulting and slandering of political opponents part of the standard repertoire of populists, but the experience of degradation is also one of the most important sociopsychological conditions for the emergence of contemporary populism. Accordingly, the populist politics of degradation must be understood as a response to their own experiences of degradation. However, this strategy leads into an aporia because it systematically undermines the solidarity and recognition it seeks. I will therefore ask what a political solution to the challenge of populism might look like and argue that radical democratic republicanism is a remedy for populism because it allows the experience of degradation that underlies it to be both taken seriously and kept at a critical distance.
Breaking Up Is Hard to Do – What Brexit Means for UK Insolvency and Restructuring Law
Authors: McCormack Gerard 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

This paper asks whether the UK can maintain its insolvency and restructuring pre-eminence post Brexit i. e. after Britain’s departure from the European Union (EU). In the past 20 years or so, the UK is said to have become the insolvency and restructuring capital of Europe or in less politically correct terms, the bankruptcy brothel of Europe. In part, this is because of the European Insolvency Regulation which provides for automatic recognition of insolvency proceedings opened in a EU Member State in the other EU Member States. Such proceedings may make provision for the discharge of debts and the restructuring of financial obligations.The specific insolvency law regime is part of a more general European Private International Law framework. With Brexit, the UK has now left this framework without any negotiated replacement agreement, a so-called ‘skinny’ Brexit. The loss of the ability to deal with insolvencies and corporate restructurings through a single process, with automatic recognition across the EU, may make it more complex, lengthy and expensive to resolve cross-border cases. It gives rise to the prospect of parallel proceedings in different jurisdictions. The paper also addresses how any disadvantages associated with the ‘skinny’ Brexit may be alleviated.
Dynamic inefficiency and fiscal interventions in an economy with land and transaction costs
Authors: Hellwig Martin F. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The paper contributes to the discussion on whether real interest rates below real growth rates can be taken as evidence of dynamic inefficiency so that some fiscal intervention may be called for. A seemingly killing objection points to land, a non-produced durable asset in positive supply, as a reason why dynamic inefficiency can be ruled out. If real interest rates were expected to be below real growth rates forever, the value of land would be unbounded, which is incompatible with equilibrium. The paper shows that this objection is not robust to the presence of an arbitrarily small per-unit-of-value transaction cost. The paper also specifies fiscal interventions that provide for Pareto improvements even though they involve a resource cost. For the debate about public debt policy, the land argument is a red herring because it is incompatible with the presence of fiat money and debt denominated in units of fiat money.
Mindfulness and eudaimonic well-being: the mediating roles of rumination and emotion dysregulation
Authors: Jarukasemthawee Somboon , Pisitsungkagarn Kullaya 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMindfulness has been widely studied in Western psychology for reducing psychological distress. However, several scholars noted that in the East, where the concept originated, mindfulness may be understood differently. In Eastern cultures such as Thailand, mindfulness is not only employed to deal with suffering but also to promote well-being. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have been undertaken to evaluate the relationship between traditional mindfulness and eudaimonic well-being in Eastern contexts. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between mindfulness and eudaimonic well-being in Thai contexts. We also explored the mediating roles of rumination and emotion dysregulation on this relationship. Data were collected from 312 Thai undergraduates who completed a measure of Eudaimonic Well-Being, the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory, the Rumination–Reflection Questionnaire, and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Results largely supported our hypotheses. Mindfulness was found to have a positive and direct association with eudaimonic well-being. Rumination and emotion dysregulation partially mediated this association. Additionally, both rumination and emotion dysregulation had negative and direct association with eudaimonic well-being. The findings highlight the positive influences of mindfulness on well-being. The benefits of mindfulness for improvement of eudaimonic well-being through reducing rumination and emotion dysfunction are discussed.