bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Gabus Pasir fish waste meal (Butis
Amboinensis) to substitute commercial fish meal on Pekin duck’s performance
Authors: Sari T V , Wahyuni T H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine to the effect of the utilization of Gabus Pasir (Butis amboinensis) waste fish meal (GPWFM) as a substitute for commercial fish meal (CFM) on feed consumption, body weight gain, final weight, and feed conversion ratio of Pekin duck at 8 weeks. This research method uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications, each replication consisting of 5 day old duck. The treatments consisted of P0 (diet with 10% CFM); P1 (diet with 7.5% CFM and 2.5% GPWFM); P2 (diet with 5% CFM and 5% GPWFM); P3 (diet with 2.5% CFM and 7.5% GPWFM) and P4 (diet with 10% GPWFM). Based on the analysis of variance, it showed that all treatments did not have a significantly effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, final weight and feed conversion ratio of Pekin ducks at the age of 8 weeks of maintenance. It can be concluded that Gabus Pasir fish waste meal can be used in diet to substitute commercial fish meal at a level of 100%, that is 10% of the level of fish meal in the diet.
The impact of sex-linked dwarf gene on hormonal reproductive profiles and biochemical traits in Iraqi dwarf roosters
Authors: Khafaji S S , Gatea S M , ALjanabi Th K , Altaie S M S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The current experiment was aimed to explore the influencing of the sex-linked dwarf gene on some fertility hormones and biochemical profile in normal local and dwarf roosters. Thirty normal local and dwarf roosters at age 28 weeks were housed at opened system for 6 weeks. At end of 6th week, blood samples collected from all roosters and centrifuged to obtained sera for measuring the concentrations of Interstitial cell stimulating hormone ‘ICSH’, Follicle stimulating hormone ‘FSH’ and testosterone hormone, total protein, albumen, globulin, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase ‘GOT’, Alkaline phosphatase ‘ALP’, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase ‘GPT’. The statistical analysis documented significant (P<0.05) decline in FSH and testosterone hormone in dwarf group roosters compared with normal local roosters. As well as, the level of total protein and globulin registered significant decline (P<0.05) in dwarf group roosters in comparison with normal local group roosters. On the other hand, the level of hepatic enzymes, GOT, GPT and ALK, recorded a significant (P<0.05) elevation in dwarf group roosters when compared with normal local group roosters. Concluded, that the sex-linked dwarf gene could be affected on hormonal fecundity profile and some biochemical traits in dwarf roosters.
Garut Sheep productivity in different initial body weight with feeding by water spinach straw at adaptation phase
Authors: Maulana H , Baliarti E , Astrini A L , Pamungkas A P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine Garut Sheep productivity in different initial body weight feeding by water spinach straw at adaptation phase. Thirty-one Garut ewes (1-year-old) used on this research and divided into 3 groups of initial body weight, SS (11.01-14.00 kg), MS (14.01-17.00 kg), LS (17.01-20.00 kg). Sheep were kept intensively and fed concentrate and water spinach straw (Ipomea reptans). The weighing was carried out before treatment (day 0) and after the adaptation period ended (day 14). Average daily gain, Feed conversion ratio, Feed cost per day, and Feed cost per gain were calculate to evaluate animal productivity. There are no differences in feed intake of water spinach straw and concentrate on each group of body weight (P>0.05). MS and LS groups had the best gain and ADG (P <0.05). MS has the best feed conversion compared to SS, so it has an impact on the feed cost per gain which is also cheaper (P <0.05). The results of this study show that the FCR and feed cost per gain of LS group were not different compare SS group (P> 0.05). It can be concluded that MS group has the best performance during the adaptation period.
The effect of altitude on the exterior characteristic and growth of Bali calves in the Bali Province
Authors: Anggraini L J , Panjono  , Ngadiyono N , Bintara S , Baliarti E 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of altitude on the exterior characteristic and growth of Bali calves in Bali province. The research location was conducted in two different places, Kintamani (Highlands) and Gianyar (Lowlands). The material used was 105 Bali calves consisting of 34 male calves and 71 female calves. The data is taken by one of the characters. The data obtained were descriptive qualitative. Qualitative descriptive statistical analysis was performed by calculating the average value and performance of the data including birth weight, weaning weight with a factorial analysis of variance. The results showed that the exterior of the Bali Calf has a character of brick red and yellow on the body and white on the buttocks and lower legs. As well as calves, male and female Bali calves have horns at the age of less than one year. The birth weight of highland calves (P<0.05) was higher than that in the lowlands. The weaning weights of male and female calves (P<0.05) were higher than those in lowlands.
Efficiency utilization of protein and energy of maggot black soldier fly at different phase on chicks
Authors: Marbun N G T , Tafsin M , Henuk Y L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study aims to determine the use of protein and energy from the Black soldier fly (BSF) maggot with age differences in chickens. The research was conducted in the Animal Husbandry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications was used in this study. The treatments were BSF maggots aged 14, 21, 28, and 35 days. The parameters consisted of crude protein digestibility, nitrogen retention, and Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME). The results showed that the treatment was statistically significant (P <0.01) on protein digestibility, nitrogen retention, and AME in chicks. Increasing the age of the BSF maggot decreases protein digestibility, but this shows an increase in AME. It was concluded that the BSF maggot was the most efficient according to the utilization of protein and energy at the age of 24 days.
The level of market waste use of mustard greens (Brassica pekinensia) as duck feed
Authors: Nova T D , Zein R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Research to Determine the Effect of the level of vegetable waste in feed on duck production performance has been carried out in the experimental cages of Poultry Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, West Sumatra Province. This study used 80 heads day-old ducks for ten weeks of class. The research design was a randomized block design (RBD) with five treatments and four replications. The treatments used were: treatment A: feed without chicory waste flour (control), B: feed + 10% chicory waste flour, C: feed + 15% chicory waste flour, D: feed + chicory waste flour 20%, E: feed + 25% chicory waste flour. The variables observed were energy intake, percentage of the carcass, and percentage of abdominal fat. Based on the research, the results showed that the addition of chicory waste flour had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on energy intake and the percentage of abdominal fat for local male ducks but had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the portion of local male duck carcass. It can be concluded that in this study, giving white mustard dregs flour in a ration of up to 25% can be used to reduce the percentage of local ducks.
Land use changes monitoring over a period of ten years in Panjang Island, Pangkalan Susu, Langkat, North Sumatra
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Harahap M M , Kurniawan H , Rauf A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Panjang Island is one of the islands in Pangkalan Susu Sub-district, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study aimed to analyze Used land changes during ten years period in Panjang Island. Used land changes was analized spatially using Geographis Information System (GIS). The results showed that within an interval of ten years (2009-2019), there were changes in the area of Used land in Panjang Island. In 2009, the land cover on Panjang Island only consisted of mangroves and settlements. There are five types of landcover in 2009 on Panjang Island, namely: open land, mangrove, settlement, pond and shrub. Over a period of ten years, the mangrove area was reduced by 6.29 ha in Panjang Island, Pangkalan Susu Sub-district. Changes of mangrove land cover into open land was 0.44 ha, changes of mangrove into shrub was 3.51 ha and changes of mangrove into pond was 2.34 ha. During a period of ten years, the settlement in Panjang Island did not change.
Phenology of the bunga bangkai (Amorphophallus gigas) in North Padang Lawas, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey R , Rangkuti A B , Onrizal  , Susilowaty A , Wijayanto N , Siregar I Z 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The “bunga bangkai” is a compound interest with spadix and solitary inflorescences. Amorphophallus gigas is one of several species of Amorphophallus which is endemic to Sumatra. One of the original habitats for A. gigas is found in North Padang Lawas and is found in bloom almost all year round. This study aimed to observe the phenology of A. gigas in North Padang Lawas Regency, precisely in Bargottopong Village which was found on a rubber agroforestry land in one of the communities. Observations were made every 3 days, starting from the buds being found to the wilted state. Observations were made since it was discovered on February 25th, 2020, with a height of 58 cm with a shape that is still bud to wither (broken appendix and spatha withered) March 14th, 2020. From the time it was found to wither it only lasted 19 days. There are 6 species of animals found when the “bunga bangkai” blooms, including flies (Musca domistica), fleas (Tribolium confusum), forest mosquitoes (Aedes albipictus), ants (Camponutus sp), beetles (Plagiodera sp), and moths (Scania olivares).
Ethnobotany of the Arecaceae family in Torgamba District, South Labuhanbatu, North Sumatra
Authors: Rambey R , Tambunan W A , Hasibuan M , Siregar F A , Prayogo B , Silalahi C , Hasibuan D , Syahputra N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ethnobotany is a branch of science that studies the relationship between humans and plants. The arecaceae family is found in Indonesia and is widely used by people throughout the region Study ethnobotany of the Arecaceae family in South Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra aims to make an inventory of the types of arecaceae species commonly used by the community. The types of arecaceae species found in South Labuhanbatu include coconut (Cocos nucifera), Aren (Arenga pinnata), Palm Oil (Elais guineensis), Areca nut (Areca catecu), Red areca (Areca sp), Manau rattan (Calamus manan), King rattan (Calamus sp), Ornamental palm (Trachycarpus fortunei), Sikkut (Johannesteijsmania magnifica) and Palem palas payung (Licuana grandis). Of the 10 types of palms, almost all of them have multiple benefits. Its uses include food, building materials, medicine, household tools, ornamental plants for local social and cultural activities.
The potential of indigenous rhizobacteria from areca nut rhizosphere in South Konawe regency as a plant growth promoter
Authors: Sutariati G A K , Muhidin  , Khaeruni A , Rahni N M , Rakian T C , Madiki A , Mudi L , Nurlina  , Hamriani  , Wibawa G N A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sustainable agriculture focuses on the applied of biological resources in agricultural cultivation process, therefore exploration and isolation of potential microbes as biological fertilizers need to be continuously developed. The research aim was to get the potential indigenous rhizobacteria isolates from the rhizosphere of areca nut plants as plant growth promotor. The experiment consists of 4 series based on the location of isolate collection, namely Angata 7 isolates, Landono 7 isolates, Palangga 6 isolates, and 4 isolates Wolasi, using a complete randomized design with three replications. The potential of these various isolates on a laboratory scale was evaluated via seed viability and vigour tests using upland rice as indicator plant. Inoculation of seeds using rhizobacteria isolates was able to improve the viability and vigour of rice seeds as shown by increasing potential development, germination percentage, vigour index, and relative growth rate as compared to control. The research found that 19 isolates which have the potential to promote plant growth were selected, namely AG1, AG2, AG3, AG4 and AG7 (Angata), LD1, LD2, LD3, LD4, LD5 and LD7 (Landono), PL1, PL2, PL5, PL6 (Palangga) and WL1, WL2, WL3 and WL4 (Wolasi). Field-scale experiments is required to evaluate these potential isolates as biofertilizers.
The use of BSF (Black Soldier Fly) maggot in mini biopond as a solution for organic waste management on a household scale
Authors: Ichwan M , Siregar A Z , Nasution T I , Yusni E 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDomestic waste which has a high protein content has the potential to be bio-converted usingHermetia illucenslarvae which has 45-50% protein nutrition and 24-30% fat. So that it can be used as a source of high nutritious feed for fish, chickens and other livestock. This research studiedH. illucenslarvae, known as Black Soldier Fly (BSF) through the SiMalin process, USU’s Waste Management System through Urban Farming. The first step as an axus study is done by collecting garbage (vegetables and fruits) in each household in USU’s housing. by varying the feed rate of 150, 200, 250 mg / larva / day. The study was conducted for 21 day by analysing larvae weight, consuming the substrate and trying to feed fresh wet larvae to fish and chickens. The results of this study indicate that the waste is the most optimal way to produce larvae in this process is a mixture of fruit peels with a feed rate of 250 mg/larva/day or a total weight of 25.00 grams per feeding. BSF is an alternative to utilizing waste that is appropriate and environmentally friendly.
Causal loop of system thinking in mitigating human tiger conflict based livelihood around Leuser
Authors: Patana P , Afifuddin Y , Sulistiyono N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Human tiger conflict (HTC) has become serious problem in Indonesia in term of conservation effort of Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) since population of this species has declined in recent years. The threat of tiger death increases following the number of conflict accidents with humans. The solution requires a comprehensive approach, because it involves the interests of parties. This research was conducted around Gunung Leuser National Park by purposive sampling in Bahorok (Langkat Regency) and Tapaktuan (South Aceh Regency). This study used the system thinking approach in looking at the variables that affected the complexity of HTC. Analysis of needs resulted variables as controlled input of model that describing by causal loop. This study will see the interrelationship of conflict-causing factors with the livelihoods of forest communities. Five aspects of livelihood that became the focus of research consisted environmental, economic, social, human and physical resources. The causal loop of each variable reflected in a diagram.
Sustainable oil palm plantations as a form of state-owned enterprise management with good faith standard
Authors: Siringo-Ringo A , Nasution B , Sirait N N , Siregar M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A sustainable oil palm plantation strives to generate great profits without neglecting its surrounding community and environment. This paper discusses the standard production management at Plantation SOEs based on the concept of sustainable development of oil palm plantations. In improving quality and profits, companies require good faith to prevent fraud. The management of Plantation SOEs avoid an action that causes company losses, be attentive, avoid conflicts of interest, and take preventative actions. This is a normative juridical research showing that fraudulent practices such as the delivering palm oil commodities without official documents, false records, double invoicing, theft, embezzlement, corruption, loss of assets, deterioration of company health and income, and debt can threaten the reputation and cause losses for Plantation SOEs and the country. In conclusion, a sustainable oil palm plantation as a form of standardized production management at Plantation SOEs based on good faith is the main approach to prevent fraud and corporate and state losses. However, Management is not yet committed to implement this approach. To realize this, the good faith must be regulated according to the law, articles of association, and SOP. This will enable violators to be subjected to legal sanctions to protect public interests.
Professional and moral responsibilities of notaries overseeing agricultural land conversions
Authors: Natasari E , Ginting B , Sitepu R , Kalo S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An increasing number of residents has indirectly affected demands for housing. However, not all agricultural land is eligible for conversion. Law Number 41 of 2009 concerning the Protection of Sustainable Food Agriculture Land (SFAL Law) allows for converting land functions only if two conditions are fulfilled, namely natural disaster and public infrastructure construction. This research utilizes a standard method through a normative juridical approach. The results show that based on Article 7 Paragraph (1) of Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning Land Deed Officer Regulations, Land Deed Officer can concurrently act as Notary, Consultant, or Legal Advisor. The function as an In-House Lawyer requires them to provide public assistance in land conversion. They must also possess a moral responsibility to provide guidance or counseling on the negative impacts of reduced agricultural land, specifically food sustainability. In conclusion, the Notary/Land Deed Official’s professional and moral responsibilities apply when they oversee the land conversion process. This study recommends that counseling conducted by Notaries/Land Deed Officials relating to food security and sovereignty should be carried out continuously and periodically to the public.
Saving the unfortunate Indonesian palm oil farmers as sustainable agriculture actor
Authors: Robert  , Nasution B , Sirait N N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Since early 2019, global palm oil price keeps on decreasing. Such condition makes it challenging to apply sustainable agriculture in Indonesia, especially in the palm oil sector. This paper will examine two research questions: first, the comparison between Chapter 12 USBC and Indonesian bankruptcy law, especially in protecting the palm oil farmer. Second, how the Indonesian bankruptcy law ought to preserve the unfortunate palm oil farmers in the future. The research methodology applied in this paper is normative legal research. Chapter 12 USBC has provided sufficient protection for the unfortunate farmer debtors. Indonesian bankruptcy law does not recognize a specific type of debtor, especially farmer debtors. It will be challenging to handle the unfortunate Indonesian palm oil farmer with current bankruptcy law. This research shows that Indonesian bankruptcy law doesn’t provide sufficient protection for the palm oil farmers. It’s recommended that the Indonesian government amends the bankruptcy law. Therefore, the farmers will be able to fulfil their role as one of the actors who apply sustainable agriculture in the palm oil sector.
Impact of oil palm plantation on household welfare in Jambi Province
Authors: Napitupulu D , Alamsyah Z , Ernawati HD , Yanita M , Elwamendri E , Fauzia G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oil palm plantation has been taken into Indonesia agriculture business since a long time ago. It is noted that Indonesia has been the leading crude palm oil (CPO) producers since Year 2006 in the word. However, the sustainability of that business raising to be a questionable for it face slow replanting process particularly those which belongs to smallholder farmer. This study was conducted to analyse the effect of oil palm management on oil palm smallholder welfare in Jambi province. The study showed that the farming practice carried out by farmers, farmer perceptions of innovation, and work ethic have positive and significant effect on smallholder household welfare, while farmers attitudes towards RSPO and farmers’ perceptions of replanting are tended to have a negative correlation on smallholder household welfare.
Oil palm industry digitalization for sustainable plantation production in community economic development
Authors: Stella  , Ginting B , Saidin O K , Azwar T K D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In industry 4.0, the use of digitization in oil palm industry has encouraged economic development. It can help the industry on the marketing. The government must ensure of the application provider on the industry digitization in trading. This research discusses how does the government regulate the use of digitization in the palm oil industry to guarantee the sustainable plantation products. The method employed the normative juridical analysis. It discusses government regulations also have major benefits for the digitization industry, namely ensuring sustainable plantations, reducing operating costs, and creating efficiencies that lead to increased exports of domestic products. The government has issued the information of electronic transactions in the Law Number 11 of 2008 in conjunction with Law Number 19 of 2016. It can eliminate against the industry concerning destruction, forest fires, and infiltration of the local springs caused by oil palm plantations. The result shows about the main benefits of the digitization on the oil palm industry. The oil palm plantation of digitization shows the aspects of production, social, economy, and environment. It recommends the industry should uphold the liability of plantation workers in their harvests and marketing. Therefore, fair business competition of the oil palm industry can be obtained.
The preference and shelf life of crispy fried onions
Authors: Trisnawati W , Sari A R K , Yanti N K A T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Crispy fried onion is widely used on the food processing to improve food tasteful as additional part of the cuisine. This study aimed to understand the shelf life of crispy fried onions which packaged by using Polyethylene (PE) plastic, Polypropylene (PP) plastic and Aluminium Foil (AF), understand the consumer’s preference during storage and also the preference from external consumers. Sensory test to external consumers was carried out in Bangli, Tabanan, Buleleng Regency and Denpasar City as the centre production of onions in Bali. The estimation of crispy fried onions shelf life was determined by using Extended Storage Studies (ESS). Results showed that the utilization of AF packaging was the best packaging with the shelf life of crispy fried onions was 13 weeks following by 8.28% water content. PCA analysis result on the sensory test during storage concluded that the uses of AF packaging affected on the texture, colour, taste and overall. Additionally, consumer’s preference in Buleleng Regency was influenced by colour, consumer’s preference in Tabanan and Denpasar were influenced by texture and taste and consumer’s preference in Bangli was affected by flavour according to PCA analysis result to external consumers.