bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kataraktchirurgische Ausbildung in Deutschland: eine Umfrage des European Board of Ophthalmology
Authors: Yaïci Rémi , Schiefelbein Johannes , Dhubhghaill Sorcha Ní , Sanogo Massira Melanie , Lefebvre François , Aclimandos Wagih , Asoklis Rimvydas , Atilla Huban , Creuzot-Garcher Catherine , Curtin Denise , Cvenkel Barbara , Flanagan Lisa , Kivelä Tero T. , Maino Anna , Costa Rafael Martinez , Filipe Helena Prior , Stopa Marcin , Strong Brendan , Stürmer Jörg Peter Egon , Tassignon Marie-José , Ivekovic Renata , Priglinger Siegfried , Bourcier Tristan 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Einführung In der sich stetig entwickelnden Augenheilkunde ist die Phakoemulsifikation eine grundlegende operative Fertigkeit für angehende Augenärzte und die am häufigsten durchgeführte Operation. Eine umfassende Untersuchung europäischer Ausbildungserfahrungen zwischen 2018 und 2022 zeigte erhebliche Unterschiede. Ziel dieser Studie ist, die deutschen Ergebnisse im Kontext der europäischen Daten zu betrachten.
Methoden In dieser Studie werden die Umfrageergebnisse von deutschen Teilnehmern an den EBO-Prüfungen (EBO: European Board of Ophthalmology) 2018 – 2022 analysiert und im europäischen Gesamtvergleich eingeordnet. Darüber hinaus erfolgt eine regionale Analyse nach Bundesländern.
Ergebnisse 136 von 445 Befragten (30,6%) haben den Fragebogen beantwortet. 67,7% hatten die EBO-Prüfung zwischen 2021 und 2022 abgelegt, wobei die Mehrheit der Studienteilnehmer Frauen waren (59,6%) mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 34 ± 2 Jahren. 89,7% waren Rechtshänder, stammten aus 14 verschiedenen Bundesländer, zu einem Großteil aus Nordrhein-Westfalen, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern und Berlin. Von den Befragten gaben 22,8% an, 10 oder mehr Trainingseinheiten an Tieraugen durchgeführt zu haben. 5,1% gaben an, Trainingseinheiten an synthetischen Augen absolviert zu haben und 16,9% gaben an, mit einem Virtual-Reality-Simulator trainiert zu haben. Eine Anzahl von über 10 Schulungen korrelierte signifikant mit einem höheren Selbstvertrauen bei der Durchführung von Kataraktoperationen (p < 0,001). 83 (61%) der Befragten, haben während ihrer Facharztausbildung in Deutschland keine Schritte der Kataraktoperationen an Patienten durchgeführt. Dies ist weit über dem
europäischen Mittelwert. Frauen sind in dieser Gruppe statistisch signifikant überrepräsentiert mit 67,5% (p = 0,019) der Subgruppe.
Diskussion Im europäischen Kontext gehört Deutschland zu den Ländern, in denen die Ausbildung in der Kataraktchirurgie nicht im Curriculum mit festen Zahlen verankert ist. Dieses Modell könnte zu den signifikanten Geschlechterunterschieden beigetragen haben. Die simulationsbasierte medizinische Ausbildung könnte dieses Problem adressieren, als zusätzliches Instrument für einen gerechteren Zugang zur chirurgischen Ausbildung.
Schlussfolgerung Der innereuropäische Vergleich und Austausch kann dazu beitragen, bessere Leitlinien für die ophthalmologische Facharztausbildung zu formulieren. Dadurch könnte das Ausbildungsniveau sowohl in der konservativen als auch operativen Ophthalmologie in ganz Europa standardisiert und verbessert werden.
Fright of Long-Haul Flights: Focus on Travel-Associated Thrombosis
Authors: Papadakis Emmanuel , Gavriilaki Eleni , Kotsiou Nikolaos , Tufano Antonella , Brenner Benjamin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTravel-related thrombosis (TRT), encompassing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), poses a significant health risk associated with long-haul travel. Prolonged immobility, dehydration, and cabin pressure changes during flights contribute to venous stasis, hypoxia, and hypercoagulability, collectively increasing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). While the absolute risk of TRT is relatively low in the population overall, it rises significantly among high-risk groups, including individuals with a history of VTE, thrombophilia, pregnancy, or recent surgery. This review explores the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic evaluation of TRT while highlighting the importance of early recognition and prevention. Risk assessment models can provide guidance for identifying at-risk travelers. Preventive strategies include pharmacological prophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for high-risk individuals and nonpharmacological measures such as compression stockings, intermittent pneumatic compression, mobility exercises, and hydration. Guidelines from international societies recommend tailored interventions based on individual risk profiles, as randomized controlled trials are scarce. Given that long-haul travel dramatically expands, this review critically analyzes the available TRT management strategies in various clinical settings, aiming to increase awareness of this global health issue.
The similative-pretence alternating pair and filler-slot relations
Authors: Olguin Martinez Jesus , Gries Stefan Th. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present paper investigates the similative-pretence alternating pair in Mexican Spanish (como/igual
que and como si constructions) based on the analysis of 1362 instances from The Corpus del Español
NOW (News on the Web) corpus. We apply a revised version of distinctive collexeme analysis to our concordance data to explore the
variety of different verbs that can occur in the first slot of similative and pretence constructions. Specifically, we use (i) a
new measure that distinguishes the attraction that a verb lemma exerts on a construction from the attraction that a construction
exerts on a verb lemma and (ii) bootstrapping on the level of files to, for the first time, provide proper confidence intervals in
the context of collostructional studies. The from-verb lemma-to-construction analysis shows that there is a significant attraction
of epistemic lemmas (e.g., parecer ‘to seem’) to occur in como ‘like’, and of mistaken identity
lemmas (e.g., actuar ‘to act’) to appear in como si ‘as if’ constructions. The
from-construction-to-verb lemma analysis, on the other hand, demonstrates that igual que ‘like’ significantly
attracts epistemic perception verbs (e.g., ver ‘to look’), and como si ‘as if’ constructions
significantly attract the verb lemma sentir ‘to feel.’
Grounded cognition and the role of musical expertise in shaping synesthetic metaphors among a music speech
community
Authors: Boieblan Mostafa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Synesthesia had been studied mainly as an early intersensory association in the brain, i.e., the experience of
this phenomenon in synesthetes arises in childhood, or perhaps earlier, and lasts over a lifespan. However, empirical research
provides extensive evidence that synesthesia might be induced or acquired at a later age and might surface in cognitive and verbal
forms — through synesthetic metaphors, including bright sounds and loud colors. Although these
examples demonstrate that we are all synesthetes, at least to some extent, the question that arises is whether musical expertise
favors the development of certain types of synesthetic mappings that might prove meaningless outside the context where they have
been produced and consolidated. Participants were recruited from three university centers, Music (n = 25),
Linguistics (n = 25), and Engineering (n = 25), to rate, in terms of comprehensibility, seventy
synesthetic metaphors whose target domain is musical sound. As the music group is instructed on how to
capture the nuances of musical sounds, this group might conceive of and verbalize such sounds distinctly. Participants’ responses,
which were analyzed for statistical significance using a Chi-square test of independence, show that the music group’s rating
statistically differs from that of the other groups, indicating that musical expertise does lead to the emergence of synesthetic
metaphors specific to musical discourse.
Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Young Bull Terrier Cross: Clinical Management and Treatment Outcome
Authors: Masson Sylvia , Giraud Lucile , Bleuer-Elsner Stéphane 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This case report explores the diagnosis and management of a young Bull Terrier cross presenting with behaviors resembling autism spectrum disorder (ASD), complicated by the presence of Addison’s disease. The dog exhibited intense compulsive behaviors, such as prolonged fixation, erratic social interactions, and excessive barking, which are traits often associated with ASD in humans. A comprehensive evaluation, including MRI, revealed atypical cortical sulcal morphology and ventricular enlargement, suggestive of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Medical history further revealed gastrointestinal symptoms, and Addison’s disease was subsequently diagnosed, introducing additional complexity to the clinical picture. To manage the dog’s behavior, a treatment regimen was implemented, including fluoxetine, gabapentin, clonidine, and cyproterone acetate, alongside structured behavioral interventions. The case emphasizes the value of combining pharmacological and behavioral therapies in veterinary practice, particularly in complex cases involving neurodevelopmental conditions. This report contributes to the growing field of veterinary psychiatry, providing insights into ASD-like disorders in dogs and suggesting future directions for research in veterinary behavioral science.

Information
© The Authors 2025
A Decade of One Health Implementation in Somalia: Challenges and Opportunities for Institutionalization
Authors: Hared Yusuf Abdi , Mumin Farah I. , Mor Siobhan , Mohamed Shafii Abdullahi , Nguka Gordon , Knight-Jones Theo , Richards Shauna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
One Health (OH)-oriented initiatives are essential for addressing complex health challenges in Somalia given the country’s economy depends heavily on the livestock, agriculture, and marine resources. The Capacitating One Health in Eastern and Southern Africa (COHESA) project supported a comprehensive assessment of the status of OH in Somalia through 21 key informant interviews, two focus group discussions, a desk review of secondary data and net-mapping with OH stakeholders. This multi-faceted approach aimed to deepen the understanding of OH concepts and their interconnectedness with human, animal, and ecosystem health. The study identified several critical challenges and opportunities within the Somali context, focusing on innovations in governance, education, and implementation. Key findings revealed significant gaps, including limited infrastructure, insufficient government funding for OH initiatives, and an overreliance on external donor support. Moreover, there is a notable lack of institutionalization of OH within various government sectors, which hinders effective collaboration. This assessment underscores the urgent need for enhanced funding, capacity building, and the establishment of sustainable governance structures. By addressing these gaps, Somalia can leverage OH principles to improve health outcomes for humans, animals, and the environment, thereby fostering a healthier and more resilient society.

Information
© The Authors 2025
Liquid surface discharge nitrogen fixation: Performance, spatial distribution and mechanisms
Authors: Zhou Zi-Kai , Li Yao , Liang Jian-Ping , Wang Sen , Wen Xiao Qiong , Yang Dezheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Gas-liquid discharge is considered to be one of the most promising technologies for nitrogen fixation because of its ability to generate high concentrations of reactive species in the gas-liquid phase. Increasing the contact area between the plasma and the liquid is considered to be an effective method to improve the mass transfer efficiency. In this study, a nanosecond pulse was employed to drive a coplanar plate-like electrode to achieve a large liquid surface discharge of about 70*30 mm2, the effects of voltage, frequency, conductivity and temperature on NOx-concentration in water were investigated and the nitrogen fixation performance and plasma characteristics were qualitatively analyzed at different discharge positions. The results show that both electrical and solution parameters have important effects on the nitrogen fixation performance of liquid surface discharges. The highest NO3- concentration was up to 1.43 mM and the lowest energy consumption for nitrogen fixation was 14.74 MJ/mol. The dissolution of gas-phase nitrogen oxides is the key to the formation of liquid-phase nitrogen oxides, and higher vibration and gas temperatures are favorable for NOx-generation. This study provides some theoretical ideas for the design of gas-liquid discharge reactors.&#xD;
Soft and Responsive: Rheological Insights into PNIPAM based Microgels and Applications
Authors: Franco Silvia , Ruzicka Barbara , Angelini Roberta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this review, we synthesize and critically evaluate past and recent findings on the rheology of microgels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), versatile soft materials with tunable properties, providing a comprehensive analysis of their flow behaviour. Differences and similarities are pointed out depending on their stucture: homopolymeric, core-shell, copolymeric and interpenetrate polymer networks microgels. We discuss rotational and oscillatory shear rheology measurements and examine the influence of crosslinker density, temperature, pH, and polymer concentration. Additionally, we highlight the practical implications in the knowledge of the rheological properties for applications. Through this review, therefore, we aim to create a solid starting point for all scientists involved in this research area with a powerful source identifying current challenges and potential future research directions.
Driving force of atomic ordering in Fe-Pt alloys, investigated by density functional theory and machine-learning interatomic potentials Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Tsuyama Tomoyuki , Kaneshita Takeshi , Matsui Akira , Ochiai Kohei , Tanka Hiroaki , Kondo Ryohei , Fukushima Takayuki , Ohashi Haruhisa , Hashimoto Atsushi , Okuno Yoshishige , Zhu Jian-Gang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report the mechanisms of atomic ordering in Fe-Pt bimetallic alloys&#xD;using density functional theory (DFT) and machine-learning interatomic potential&#xD;Monte Carlo (MLIP-MC) simulations. We clarified that the formation enthalpy of&#xD;the ordered phase was significantly enhanced by spin polarization compared to that&#xD;of the disordered phase. Analysis of the density of states indicated that coherence&#xD;in local potentials in the ordered phase brings energy gain over the disordered phase,&#xD;when spin is considered. MLIP-MC simulations were performed to investigate the&#xD;phase transition of atomic ordering at finite temperatures. The model trained using&#xD;the DFT dataset with spin polarization exhibited quantitatively good agreement with&#xD;previous experiments and thermodynamic calculations across a wide range of Pt&#xD;compositions. In contrast, the model without spin significantly underestimated the&#xD;transition temperature. Through this study, we clarified that spin polarization is&#xD;essential for accurately accounting for the ordered phase in Fe-Pt bimetallic alloys,&#xD;even above the Curie temperature, possibly because of the remaining short-range spin&#xD;order.
A combinational partial ambiguity resolution method based on dual-station TDCP for low-cost receivers in urban environments
Authors: Ye Chenglong , zhu huizhong , Tao Jun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In response to the difficulties of achieving full ambiguity resolution (FAR) for real-time kinematic (RTK) with low-cost receivers in urban environments, early scholars proposed partial ambiguity resolution (PAR) methods. However, a PAR method is challenging to apply in the diverse and complex scenarios typical of urban environments. In addition, the frequent occurrence of multipath effects and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signals significantly increases the difficulty of ambiguity resolution. In response to these challenges, this study presents a quality control and PAR strategy based on the dual-station time-differenced carrier phase (TDCP), and combines this strategy with PAR strategies based on the elevation angle, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and decorrelated variance, to enhance the positioning accuracy of low-cost receivers in urban environments. This article refers to it as a combinational partial ambiguity resolution (CPAR). Two kinematic experiments are conducted in different urban environments with different boards to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies. The results show that the quality control and PAR strategy based on dual-station TDCP improved the positioning accuracy by 25%-50% compared with that of FAR in dynamic environments, with fixing rate increase of over 40%. The proposed CPAR method performed best in urban environments, achieving centimeter-level positioning accuracy across different scenarios, with a fixing rate exceeding 85%.&#xD;
Recent advances in MXene catalyst towards enhanced hydrogen storage of Mg/MgH2: A review
Authors: Yan Zhaoqian , Zheng Wenguang , Hao Gongtao , Wei Yajuan , Luo Mengmeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Hydrogen is regarded as an ideal substitute for fossil fuels on account of its advantages of high energy density, zero carbon emissions, and abundant reserves. Solid-state hydrogen storage is one of the most promising hydrogen storage methods in terms of high-volume storage density and safety. MgH2 is a promising solid hydrogen storage material because of its high hydrogen storage capacity and favorable cycle reversibility. Nevertheless, its inferior thermodynamic and kinetic properties restrict its extensive application. Catalyst modification is considered to be an efficient way to enhance the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation for MgH2. This review summarizes the latest research progress on MXene-based composites, such as MAX, single metal MXene, bimetallic MXene, MXene/elemental metal, and MXene/transition metal compounds for promoting the hydrogen storage performances of MgH2. At the same time, the catalyst of MXene-based composites to optimize the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics, long cycle performance and catalytic mechanism of Mg/MgH2 are discussed in detail.
Bowel tracking for MR-guided radiotherapy: simultaneous optimization of small bowel imaging and tracking
Authors: Damen Saskia Laura Corry , van Lier Astrid L H M W , Zachiu Cornel , Raaymakers Bas W 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background and purpose&#xD;The small bowel is one of the most radiosensitive organs-at-risk during radiotherapy in the pelvis. This is further complicated due to anatomical and physiological motion. Thus, its accurate tracking becomes of particular importance during therapy delivery, to obtain better dose-toxicity relations and/or to perform safe adaptive treatments. The aim of this work is to simultaneously optimize the MR imaging sequence and motion estimation solution towards improved small bowel tracking precision during radiotherapy delivery. &#xD;&#xD;Materials and methods&#xD;An MRI sequence was optimized, to adhere to the respiratory and peristaltic motion frequencies, by assesing the performance of an image registration algorithm on data acquired on volunteers and patients. In terms of tracking, three registration algorithms, previously-employed in the scope of image-guided radiotherapy, were investigated. &#xD;The optimized scan was acquired for 7.5 min., in 18 patients and for 15 min., in 10 volunteers at a 1.5T MRL (Unity, Elekta AB). The tracking precision was evaluated and validated by means of three different quality assurance criteria: Structural Similarity Index Metric (SSIM), Inverse Consistency (IC) and Absolute Intensity Difference (AID). &#xD;&#xD;Results&#xD;The optimal sequence was a balanced Fast Field Echo (FFE), which acquired a 3D volume of the abdomen, with a dynamic scan time of 1.8 seconds. An optical flow algorithm performed best and which was able to resolve most of the motion. This was shown by mean IC values of < 1 mm and a mean SSIM >0.9 for the majority of the cases.&#xD;A strong positive correlation (p<0.001) between the registration performance and visceral fat percentage was found, where a higher visceral fat percentage gave a better registration due to the better image contrast. &#xD;&#xD;Conclusions&#xD;A method for simultaneous optimization of imaging and tracking was presented, which derived an imaging and registration procedure for accurate small bowel tracking on the MR-Linac.
Antimicrobial thiol-acrylate vitrimers synthesized from glycerol and vanillin derivatives
Authors: Kazlauskaite Brigita , Grauželienė Sigita , Bridziuviene Danguole , Raudoniene Vita , Rainosalo Egidija , Ostrauskaite Jolita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work presents innovations in polymer science through the development of antimicrobial and reprocessable shape-memory vitrimers from biobased vanillin and glycerol acrylates, incorporating pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate). The addition of this thiol increased resin viscosity and reduced shrinkage and rigidity, without significantly affecting polymerization rate. Samples containing 20 wt.% of thiol exhibited self-welding and 40 % self-healing efficiency after just 10 minutes of heating at 180 °C and without additional pressure, significantly improving mechanical properties. The ability of vitrimers to maintain a temporary shape and return to a permanent shape under temperature changes showed shape-memory behavior, making them suitable for medicine, electronics, and robotics. The mechanical properties remained consistent after three reprocessing cycles, highlighting the sustainability of the vitrimers. The antimicrobial activity of these vitrimers showed efficacy up to 100 %, suitable for antimicrobial films, coatings, and 3D printed parts. Microimprint lithography enabled micrometer-scale patterns, highlighting broad practical applications of the vitrimers.
Unraveling the impact of potassium doping on the structure, optical, and electric properties of CdO nanopowder
Authors: Hameed Talaat A , Ibrahim R.S. , Azab Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It has been proven that alkali metals significantly influence the optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of transparent oxide. To that end, potassium (K) was employed as a substitutional dopant in the CdO matrix, and the influence of K on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties was widely studied. Pure CdO and K-doped CdO nanoparticles (K=0.0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 mol) were synthesized via a facile co-precipitation method. XRD analysis indicated a cubic face center structure formed with the Fm3m (225) space group. A further establishment of the formation of CdO was recognized from CdO peaks in Fourier Transform Infrared measurement. The grain size declined with the increase in k concertation as established by the size-strain method and HRTEM micrographs. HRTEM morphology investigation revealed the formation of nanoparticles adopting semi-hexagonal and spherical shapes. The UV-Vis-NIR spectra analysis exhibited K content played an important role in the optical parameters like reflectance, and band gap (Eg) of K-doped CdO nanostructured. The obtained optical energy band gap was found to be increased due to doping by K. The variation of dielectric properties of various CdO nanostructures with K doping concentrations was studied as a function of frequency and temperature and it was found to enhance with the inclusion of K. Finally, a small amount of potassium doping into CdO led to a significant control in optical and the electrical properties, making it very effective in optoelectronic and electrical applications