bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors for Successful Vaginal Delivery after a Trial of External Cephalic Version: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 946 Women
Authors: Bilgory Asaf , Minich Olena , Shvaikovsky Maria , Gurevich Genady , Lessing Joseph B. , Olteanu Ioana 
Published: November 2021

Objective Our aim was to find the factors which predict a vertex presentation vaginal delivery (VD) in women who are admitted for a trial of external cephalic version (ECV).
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of women who underwent a trial of ECV and delivered between November 2011 and December 2018 in a single tertiary center. The main outcome measure was successful VD of a fetus in the vertex presentation. Women who achieved VD in the vertex presentation or underwent cesarean delivery were compared on the basis of variety of predictive factors. Adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes were reported. Logistic regression was used for the multivariate analysis.
Results A total of 946 women were included; 717 (75.8%) women had a successful ECV and 663 (70.1%) women had a VD in the vertex presentation. Parous women had 79.3% VD rate (570/719) and nulliparous women had 41.0% VD rate (93/227). Women with an amniotic fluid index (AFI) of 50 to 79, 80 to 200, and >200 mm had 34.8, 71.0, and 83.1% VD rate, respectively. Parous versus nulliparous women had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 5.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.90–7.52, p < 0.001), women with AFI 50 to 79 mm compared with AFI 80 to 200 mm had an aOR of 0.21 (95% CI 0.12–0.37, p < 0.001), and women with an AFI >200 mm compared with AFI 80 to 200 mm had an aOR of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.03–2.92, p = 0.037) to achieve VD. The final prediction model for the chances of a VD based on data on admission for ECV was reported. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to evaluate the goodness of fit of the model (p = 0.836).
Conclusion Being parous and having an AFI >200 mm are positive independent predictive factors for achieving VD of a vertex presenting fetus after ECV. Whereas AFI 50 to 79 mm is a negative independent predictive factor.
Key Points
Female age and parity in horses: how and why does it matter?
Authors: Derisoud Emilie , Auclair-Ronzaud Juliette , Palmer Eric , Robles Morgane , Chavatte-Palmer Pascale 
Published: November 2021

Although puberty can occur as early as 14–15 months of age, depending on breed and use, the reproductive career of mares may continue to advanced ages. Once mares are used as broodmares, they will usually produce foals once a year until they become unfertile, and their productivity can be enhanced and/or prolonged through embryo technologies. There is a general consensus that old mares are less fertile, but maternal age and parity are confounding factors because nulliparous mares are usually younger and older mares are multiparous in most studies. This review shows that age critically affects cyclicity, folliculogenesis, oocyte and embryo quality as well as presence of oviductal masses and uterine tract function. Maternal parity has a non-linear effect. Primiparity has a major influence on placental and foal development, with smaller foals at the first gestation that remain smaller postnatally. After the first gestation, endometrial quality and uterine clearance capacities decline progressively with increasing parity and age, whilst placental and foal birthweight and milk production increase. These combined effects should be carefully balanced when breeding mares, in particular when choosing and caring for recipients and their foals.
A classical relativistic hydrodynamical model for strong EM wave-spin plasma interaction
Authors: HU Qianglin , HU Wen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Based on the covariant Lagrangian function and Euler–Lagrange equation, a set of classical fluid equations for strong EM wave-spin plasma interaction is derived. Analysis shows that the relativistic effects may affect the interaction processes by three factors: the relativistic factor, the time component of four-spin, and the velocity-field coupling. This set of equations can be used to discuss the collective spin effects of relativistic electrons in classical regime, such as astrophysics, high-energy laser-plasma systems and so on. As an example, the spin induced ponderomotive force in the interaction of strong EM wave and magnetized plasma is investigated. Results show that the time component of four-spin, which approaches to zero in nonrelativistic situations, can increase the spin-ponderomotive force obviously in relativistic situation.
metaSNV v2: detection of SNVs and subspecies in prokaryotic metagenomes
Authors: Van Rossum Thea , Costea Paul I , Paoli Lucas , Alves Renato , Thielemann Roman , Sunagawa Shinichi , Bork Peer 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Summary
Taxonomic analysis of microbial communities is well supported at the level of species and strains. However, species can contain significant phenotypic diversity and strains are rarely widely shared across global populations. Stratifying the diversity between species and strains can identify ‘subspecies’, which are a useful intermediary. High-throughput identification and profiling of subspecies is not yet supported in the microbiome field. Here, we use an operational definition of subspecies based on single nucleotide variant (SNV) patterns within species to identify and profile subspecies in metagenomes, along with their distinctive SNVs and genes. We incorporate this method into metaSNV v2, which extends existing SNV-calling software to support further SNV interpretation for population genetics. These new features support microbiome analyses to link SNV profiles with host phenotype or environment and niche-specificity. We demonstrate subspecies identification in marine and fecal metagenomes. In the latter, we analyze 70 species in 7524 adult and infant subjects, supporting a common subspecies population structure in the human gut microbiome and illustrating some limits in subspecies calling.

Availability and implementation
Source code, documentation, tutorials and test data are available at https://github.com/metasnv-tool/metaSNV and https://metasnv.embl.de.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Insect Visitors of Black Cherry (Prunus serotina) (Rosales: Rosaceae) and Factors Affecting Viable Seed Production
Authors: McLaughlin Rachel , Keller Joseph , Wagner Elizabeth , Biddinger David , Grozinger Christina , Hoover Kelli 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSince 2000, wild black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) has produced erratic seed crops, especially in the Allegheny National Forest where poor seed production has been implicated in difficulties with black cherry regeneration in forest stands. Given that black cherry is insect pollinated and unable to produce viable seed from self-pollination, a reduction in seed crops could be due to a pollination deficit; however, its key pollinators are unknown. Identifying the pollinators and factors that influence pollinator abundance and fidelity is critical for supporting and enhancing seed production for this valuable timber species. Over a two-year period in developed, semideveloped, and forested areas in Pennsylvania, we identified the potential pollinators of black cherry and examined how their abundance, along with several other abiotic and biotic factors, influenced viable seed production. We found that andrenid (Andrenidae: Hymenoptera) bees are likely the most important pollinators. The proportion of viable seeds increased as the number of andrenids increased, and these ground nesting bees were most abundant on forest edges, highlighting this habitat’s potential to support pollination services. Andrenids carried an average of 347-fold more black cherry pollen than flies and 18-fold more than halictid (Halictidae: Hymenoptera) bees. We did not find a significant relationship between the abundance of any other taxa besides andrenids and viable seed production. Black cherry flowers also provide resources for natural enemies such as the economically important parasitoid of Popillia japonica Newman (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera), Tiphia vernalis Rohwer (Tiphiidae: Hymenoptera), which was observed feeding on black cherry nectar in this study.
Bacteriophages PɸEn-CL and PɸEn-HO can eliminate MDR Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter hormaechei isolated from burn wound infections without toxicity for human skin cells
Authors: Rahimzadeh Torabi Ladan , Doudi Monir , Naghavi Nafiseh Sadat , Monajemi Ramesh 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains has caused serious problems in the treatment of burn infections. MDR Enterobactercloacae and Enterobacterhormaechei have been defined as the causative agents of nosocomial infections in burn patients. In this situation, examination of phages side effects on human cell lines before any investigation on human or animal that can provide beneficial information about the safety of isolated phages. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the specific bacteriophages on MDR E. cloacae and E. hormaechei isolated from burn wounds and to analyze the efficacy, cell viability and cell cytotoxicity of phages on A-375 and HFSF-PI cell lines by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) colorimetric assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Phages were isolated from urban sewage Isfahan, Iran. Enterobactercloacae strain Iau-EC100 (GenBank accession number: MZ314381) and E. hormaechei strain Iau-EHO100 (GenBank accession number: MZ348826) were sensitive to the isolated phages. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results revealed that PɸEn-CL and PɸEn-HO that were described had the morphologies of Myovirus and Inovirus, respectively. Overall, MTT and LDH assays showed moderate to excellent correlation in the evaluation of cytotoxicity of isolated phages. The results of MTT and LDH assays showed that, phages PɸEn-CL and PɸEn-HO had no significant toxicity effect on A375 and HFSF-PI 3 cells. Phage PɸEn-HO had a better efficacy on the two tested cell lines than other phage. Our results indicated that, there were significant differences between the two cytotoxicity assays in phage treatment compared to control.
Revisiting the subpulse drifting phenomenon in PSR J1822−2256: drift modes, sparks, and emission heights
Authors: Janagal Parul , Chakraborty Manoneeta , Bhat N D Ramesh , Bhattacharyya Bhaswati , McSweeney Samuel J 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Subpulse drifting in pulsar radio emission is considered to be one of the most promising phenomena for uncovering the underlying physical processes. Here, we present a detailed study of such a phenomenon in observations of PSR J1822−2256, made using the upgraded Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (uGMRT). Observations were made simultaneously using the band 3 (300–500 MHz) and band 4 (550–750 MHz) receivers of the uGMRT. The pulsar is known to exhibit subpulse drifting, mode changing, and nulling. Our observations reveal four distinct subpulse drifting modes of emission (A, B, C, and D) for this pulsar, with the drift periodicities of 17.9P1, 5.8P1, 8P1, and 14.1P1, respectively (where P1 is the pulsar rotation period), two of which exhibit some new features that were not reported in the previous studies. We also investigate the possible spark configuration, characterized by the number of sparks (n) in the carousel patterns of these four drift modes, and our analysis suggests two representative solutions for the number of sparks for a carousel rotation period, P4, which lies in the range of 13–16. The large frequency coverage of our data (300–750 MHz) is also leveraged to explore the frequency dependence of single-pulse characteristics of the pulsar emission, particularly the frequency-dependent subpulse behaviour and the emission heights for the observed drift modes. Our analysis suggests a clear modal dependence of inferred emission heights. We discuss the implications for the pulsar emission mechanism and its relation to the proposed spark configuration.
Folate deficiency enhances the in vitro genotoxicity of bile acids in human colon and liver cells
Authors: Li Jianfei , Zhang Cheng , Li Lingzhi , Hu Xueqin , Jia Yizhen , Huang Yanan , Lyu Ting , Wang Xu , Guo Xihan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Obese subjects have a high baseline of genotoxic stress, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Given that obesity is associated with high bile acids (BA) and low folate, we aimed to determine the interactive effect of folate deficient or supplementation to the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of BA in human colon and liver cells. NCM460 and L-02 cells were cultured in folate-deficient (22.6 nM) and replete (2260 nM) Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 medium with or without 50 μM deoxycholic acid (DCA) or lithocholic acid (LCA) for 7 days. Moreover, these cells were cultured in folate supplemented (5.65, 11.3 and 22.6 μM) and standard (2.26 μM) medium with 200 μM DCA or LCA for 7 days. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay. Our results showed that under folate-replete condition, 50 μM DCA or LCA significantly increased the rate of micronuclei (MN) in NCM460 and L-02 cells. Significantly, the MN-inducing effect of 50 μM DCA or LCA was further enhanced by folate deficiency. Interestingly, folate supplementation exerted a dose-dependent manner to significantly decrease the rates of MN, nucleoplasmic bridges, nuclear buds, apoptosis, and necrosis induced by 200 μM DCA or LCA in NCM460 and L-02 cells. In conclusion, the genotoxicity of moderate BA (50 μM) was exacerbated by folate deficiency and folate supplementation could efficiently protect cells against the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of high BA (200 μM).
Weberian Bureaucracy and Contemporary Governance
Authors: Kettl Donald F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Max Weber’s role as a founder of the study of administration is often in much dispute, but he is important for two things: he captured the essence of bureaucracy and he connected it to the role of business in the economy. Weber points us toward the argument that businesses seek profits, that the key to maximizing their profits is certainty in their environment, and that the “iron cage” of bureaucracy plays an important role in reducing uncertainty. Since his contribution to bureaucratic theory in 1922, however, the ground has shifted underneath his argument, especially in its deep connections to public administration. Although policymakers, the media, and the public still tend to view government organizations in Weberian terms, the actual operation of government, in the United States and around the world, has become distinctly less Weberian. The increasing gap between theory and practice raises profound problems for government’s expertise and accountability, and that poses one of the biggest challenges facing public administration in the twenty-first thinking. A fresh model incorporating the complexity of social problems, the complexity of governmental strategies, and the structures of public law provide a way forward in the second century of the grand Weberian tradition
‘The fidelity of promising’: Egoism and Obligation in Austen
Authors: Ganz Melissa J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This essay reads the promises that permeate Sense and Sensibility (1811) in the context of late eighteenth-century discussions about the nature and value of voluntary obligations, probing Austen’s engagement with ideas advanced by thinkers including David Hume, Adam Smith, William Paley, William Godwin, and Edmund Burke. In doing so, the essay contributes to long-standing debates about Austen’s ethical vision, highlighting her simultaneous commitment to and critique of the individualist ethos structuring modern life. Austen’s approach to promises, the essay argues, is broadly aligned with that of Hume, Smith, and Paley: like these philosophers, Austen suggests that one is bound by a pledge whenever one knowingly raises another’s expectations concerning the existence of an obligation even if one does not intend to be bound. Yet Austen is less optimistic than these thinkers are about men’s willingness to honour their pledges. She uses the resources of fiction—in particular, experiments with third-person narration and point of view—to examine the problems that result from the unequal power relations between men and women as well as the tendency of individuals to conflate desire with expectation. Even as Austen attempts to shore up a sense of individual responsibility in her society, she implicitly acknowledges that, in some cases, breaking a promise may result in more happiness than keeping it would.
Preliminary validation of muscle ultrasound in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM)
Authors: Mamyrova Gulnara , McBride Erica , Yao Lawrence , Shrader Joseph A , Jain Minal , Yao Jianhua , Curiel Rodolfo V , Miller Frederick W , Harris-Love Michael O , Rider Lisa G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objective
To compare muscle ultrasound (MUS) parameters in patients with juvenile JDM and healthy controls, and examine their association with JDM disease activity measures and MRI.

Methods
MUS of the right mid-rectus femoris was performed in 21 patients with JDM meeting probable or definite Bohan and Peter criteria and 28 demographically matched healthy control subjects. MUS parameters were quantitated by digital image processing and correlated with JDM disease activity measures and semi-quantitative thigh MRI short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and T1 scores.

Results
Rectus femoris MUS echogenicity was increased (median 47.8 vs 38.5, P = 0.002) in patients with JDM compared with controls. Rectus femoris MUS echogenicity correlated with Physician Global Activity (PGA), Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), and Childhood Myositis Assessment Scale (CMAS) (rs 0.4–0.54). Some MUS parameters correlated with functional quantitative measures of muscle strength: resting RF area on MUS strongly correlated with knee extension quantitative muscle testing (rs 0.76), and contracted area correlated with proximal MMT, knee extension quantitative muscle testing, and CMAS (rs 0.71–0.80). MUS echogenicity correlated with both STIR and T1 MRI (rs 0.43), and T1 MRI correlated inversely with RF contracted area (rs -0.49) on MUS. There were differences in pre- and post-exercise vascular power and colour Doppler on MUS in patients with JDM vs controls, with the percentage change of post-exercise vascular power Doppler lower in JDM compared with controls (7.1% vs 100.0%).

Conclusions
These data suggest MUS may be a valuable imaging modality to assess JDM disease activity and damage.
Examining the Impact of a Nursing Course Redesign on Student Outcomes, Faculty Workload, and Costs
Authors: Allen Kimberly , DiBartolo Mary C. , Walsh Catherine M. , Freda Kaynabess 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study examined the impact of a nursing course redesign from traditional face-to-face to a hybrid format on student outcomes, workload allocation, and associated costs. In this quasi-experimental study, baccalaureate students received either traditional (n = 47) or hybrid delivery (n = 46); each group had equal degree-type representation. Average exam scores were analyzed using an independent t-test, with no significant differences found between groups. Faculty workload decreased by one third, and there was a 16.6 percent reduction in overall costs to implement the course. Course redesign can be effective for reducing faculty workload and costs while achieving course outcomes.
An Online COVID-19 Simulation to Explore Interprofessional Collaboration and Foster Systems Leadership Competencies in Doctor of Nursing Practice Students
Authors: DeClerk Leonie C. , LaBorde Pamela J. , Hughes Marilyn F. , Reeves D. Neal , Hester D. Micah , Cowan Patricia A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Organizational and systems leadership, a competency for doctor of nursing practice students, encompasses the evaluation of care delivery systems, accountable care of populations, and resolution of ethical dilemmas. Faculty created an online simulation in which students developed a management proposal for an impending pandemic. All students agreed or strongly agreed that the simulation increased their skills in systems-based thinking, increased their knowledge of others’ roles and responsibilities in addressing health care crises, and enabled them to balance ethical considerations and societal interests. Online simulations are a feasible, cost-effective method to foster systems leadership competency and ethical decision-making in doctoral students.
Authentic Literature: Literary Fiction as a Textbook to Engage in Nursing Professional Practice Content
Authors: Raber Anjanette M. , Mood Laura , Olsen Joanne 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This innovative teaching strategy sought to evaluate authentic literature as the primary textbook in a nursing theory course. Arts-based pedagogy can potentiate students’ development of critical thinking skills, which are necessary for sound clinical judgment. At the end of the course, students responded to an online survey to better understand their experience of using authentic literature in nursing. Students reported a high level of agreement on the interconnectedness of themes in the authentic literature with the course purpose and content. Authentic literature provided a contextual perspective for analysis, debate, and formation of clinical nursing judgment.
Low-threshold Buprenorphine Treatment in a Syringe Services Program: Program Description and Outcomes
Authors: Jakubowski Andrea , Norton Brianna L. , Hayes Benjamin T. , Gibson Brent E. , Fitzsimmons Christine , Stern L. Synn , Ramirez Franklin , Guzman Mercedes , Spratt Susan , Marcus Pia , Fox Aaron D. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives
Low-threshold buprenorphine treatment aims to reduce barriers to evidence-based opioid use disorder treatment. We aimed to describe the treatment philosophy, practices, and outcomes of a low-threshold syringe services program (SSP)-based buprenorphine program developed through an SSP-academic medical center partnership.

Methods
We included all SSP participants who received 1 or more buprenorphine prescription from Feb 5, 2019 to October 9, 2020. We collected data on patient characteristics, substance use, buprenorphine prescriptions, and urine drug tests (UDTs). We evaluated buprenorphine treatment retention using prescription data and buprenorphine adherence using UDTs. We used 2 retention definitions: (1) percentage of patients with buprenorphine prescriptions at 30, 90, and 180 days; and (2) total percentage of days “covered” with buprenorphine prescriptions through 180 days.

Results
One-hundred and eighteen patients received 1 or more buprenorphine prescriptions. Patients were largely middle-aged (mean age 44, standard deviation 11), male (68%), Hispanic (31%) or Non-Hispanic Black (32%), with heroin (90%) and crack/cocaine (62%) use, and injection drug use (59%). Retention was 62%, 43%, and 31% at 30, 90, and 180 days, respectively. The median percentage of days covered with buprenorphine prescriptions through 180 days was 43% (interquartile range 8%–92%). Of the 82 patients who completed 2 or more UDTs, the median percentage of buprenorphine-positive UDTs was 71% (interquartile range 40%–100%).

Conclusions
In an SSP-based low-threshold buprenorphine treatment program, approximately one-third of patients continued buprenorphine treatment for 180 days or more, and buprenorphine adherence was high. SSPs can be a pathway to buprenorphine treatment for patients at high risk for opioid-related harms.