bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Ideas in International Education Organizations: The Case of SEAMEO
Authors: Krogmann David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn Chap. 8, on SEAMEO, David Krogman focuses the attention on regional identities in international education organizations. This IO has been a major player in education policy in Southeast Asia for decades. The chapter explores the underlying themes and ideas which inform discursive patterns produced and reproduced by SEAMEO. How does SEAMEO conceive of education? Did SEAMEO’s image of education evolve over time? The analysis by Krogmann finds that SEAMEO mostly follows the UN’s global sustainable development agenda in education policy, stressing both the social as well as the economic purposes of education. However, it does so with a distinct emphasis on the education purpose of reinforcing the collectively shared values and traditions of its member states, which it deems unique to Southeast Asia.
Harmonic analysis of 2d CFT partition functions
Authors: Benjamin Nathan , Collier Scott , Fitzpatrick A. Liam , Maloney Alexander , Perlmutter Eric 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We apply the theory of harmonic analysis on the fundamental domain of SL(2, ℤ) to partition functions of two-dimensional conformal field theories. We decompose the partition function of c free bosons on a Narain lattice into eigenfunctions of the Laplacian of worldsheet moduli space ℍ/SL(2, ℤ), and of target space moduli space O(c, c; ℤ)\O(c, c; ℝ)/O(c)×O(c). This decomposition manifests certain properties of Narain theories and ensemble averages thereof. We extend the application of spectral theory to partition functions of general two-dimensional conformal field theories, and explore its meaning in connection to AdS3 gravity. An implication of harmonic analysis is that the local operator spectrum is fully determined by a certain subset of degeneracies.
Instanton counting and O-vertex
Authors: Nawata Satoshi , Zhu Rui-Dong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present closed-form expressions of unrefined instanton partition functions for gauge groups of type BCD as sums over Young diagrams. For SO(n) gauge groups, we provide a fivebrane web picture of our formula based on the vertex-operator formalism of the topological vertex with a new type called O-vertex for an O5-plane.
Component decompositions and adynkra libraries for supermultiplets in lower dimensional superspaces
Authors: James Gates S. , Hu Yangrui , Mak S.-N. Hazel 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present Adynkra Libraries that can be used to explore the embedding of multiplets of component field (whether on-shell or partial on-shell) within Salam-Strathdee superfields for theories in dimension nine through four.
Practice of radiation therapy for anal cancer in Austria—a survey on behalf of the Austrian radiation oncology society gastrointestinal tumor group (ÖGRO-GIT)
Authors: Gerum S. , Iglseder W. , Schmid R. , Peterka K. , Knocke-Abulesz T. H. , Harl P. , Schwaiger S. , Reiter I. , Salinger J. , Venhoda C. , Kurzweil G. , Poetscher M. , Jaeger R. , Celedin B. , Clemens P. , Roeder F. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
We conducted a patterns-of-care survey on chemoradiation for locoregionally confined anal cancer in Austria to evaluate areas of disagreement and to identify possible targets for further standardization.

Methods
An anonymous questionnaire comprising 38 questions was sent to all Austrian radiation oncology departments. Results were analyzed descriptively and compared to two international guidelines.

Results
The response rate was 93%. Work-up generally includes DRE, endoscopy, and cross-sectional imaging of chest/abdomen and pelvis. PET-CT is used by 38%. Screening for HIV and biopsies of suspicious lymph nodes are infrequently used. All centers perform IMRT, mainly with daily IGRT. Median doses to the primary are 54.7 Gy (T1–2) and 59.4 Gy (T3–4). Suspicious nodes receive a boost (median dose 54 Gy), while elective nodal areas are mainly treated with 45–50.4 Gy. Target delineation of elective nodal areas seems generally uniform, although disagreement exists regarding inclusion of the common iliac nodes. No agreement was found for OAR-delineation and dose constraints. Concurrent chemotherapy is mitomycin and 5‑FU/capecitabine. Supportive care beyond skin care is infrequently offered. Intensive follow-up is performed for at least 5 years. Treatment of T1N0 shows considerable disagreement.

Conclusion
We found a high rate of agreement between the centers and concordance with major guidelines. PET-CT, routine HIV testing, and biopsies of suspicious LN seem underrepresented. The largest controversy regarding target volumes concerns inclusion of the common iliac nodes. Prescribed doses are generally in line with the recommendations or higher. OAR delineation, dose constraints, supportive care, and treatment of early anal cancer represent areas for further standardization.
How feelings of unpleasantness develop during the progression of motion sickness symptoms
Authors: Reuten A. J. C. , Nooij S. A. E. , Bos J. E. , Smeets J. B. J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo mitigate motion sickness in self-driving cars and virtual reality, one should be able to quantify its progression unambiguously. Self-report rating scales either focus on general feelings of unpleasantness or specific symptomatology. Although one generally feels worse as symptoms progress, there is anecdotal evidence suggesting a non-monotonic relationship between unpleasantness and symptomatology. This implies that individuals could (temporarily) feel better as symptoms progress, which could trouble an unambiguous measurement of motion sickness progression. Here we explicitly investigated the temporal development of both unpleasantness and symptomatology using subjective reports, as well as their mutual dependence using psychophysical scaling techniques. We found symptoms to manifest in a fixed order, while unpleasantness increased non-monotonically. Later manifesting symptoms were generally judged as more unpleasant, except for a reduction at the onset of nausea, which corresponded to feeling better. Although we cannot explicate the origin of this reduction, its existence is of importance to the quantification of motion sickness. Specifically, the reduction at nausea onset implies that rating how bad someone feels does not give you an answer to the question of how close someone is to the point of vomiting. We conclude that unpleasantness can unambiguously be inferred from symptomatology, but an ambiguity exists when inferring symptomatology from unpleasantness. These results speak in favor of rating symptomatology when prioritizing an unambiguous quantification of motion sickness progression.
Effects of Orthogeriatric Care Models on Outcomes of Hip Fracture Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Van Heghe Annelore , Mordant Gilles , Dupont Jolan , Dejaeger Marian , Laurent Michaël R. , Gielen Evelien 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOrthogeriatrics is increasingly recommended in the care of hip fracture patients, although evidence for this model is conflicting or at least limited. Furthermore, there is no conclusive evidence on which model [geriatric medicine consultant service (GCS), geriatric medical ward with orthopedic surgeon consultant service (GW), integrated care model (ICM)] is superior. The review summarizes the effect of orthogeriatric care for hip fracture patients on length of stay (LOS), time to surgery (TTS), in-hospital mortality, 1-year mortality, 30-day readmission rate, functional outcome, complication rate, and cost. Two independent reviewers retrieved randomized controlled trials, controlled observational studies, and pre/post analyses. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Thirty-seven studies were included, totaling 37.294 patients. Orthogeriatric care significantly reduced LOS [mean difference (MD) − 1.55 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) (− 2.53; − 0.57)], but heterogeneity warrants caution in interpreting this finding. Orthogeriatrics also resulted in a 28% lower risk of in-hospital mortality [95%CI (0.56; 0.92)], a 14% lower risk of 1-year mortality [95%CI (0.76; 0.97)], and a 19% lower risk of delirium [95%CI (0.71; 0.92)]. No significant effect was observed on TTS and 30-day readmission rate. No consistent effect was found on functional outcome. Numerically lower numbers of complications were observed in orthogeriatric care, yet some complications occurred more frequently in GW and ICM. Limited data suggest orthogeriatrics is cost-effective. There is moderate quality evidence that orthogeriatrics reduces LOS, in-hospital mortality, 1-year mortality, and delirium of hip fracture patients and may reduce complications and cost, while the effect on functional outcome is inconsistent. There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend one or the other type of orthogeriatric care model.
The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide
Authors: Brisch Ralf , Wojtylak Szymon , Saniotis Arthur , Steiner Johann , Gos Tomasz , Kumaratilake Jaliya , Henneberg Maciej , Wolf Rainer 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis narrative review examines the possible role of microglial cells, first, in neuroinflammation and, second, in schizophrenia, depression, and suicide. Recent research on the interactions between microglia, astrocytes and neurons and their involvement in pathophysiological processes of neuropsychiatric disorders is presented. This review focuses on results from postmortem, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies, and animal models of schizophrenia and depression. Third, the effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant drug therapy, and of electroconvulsive therapy on microglial cells are explored and the upcoming development of therapeutic drugs targeting microglia is described. Finally, there is a discussion on the role of microglia in the evolutionary progression of human lineage. This view may contribute to a new understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders.
It is all about the insects: a retrospective on 20 years of forensic entomology highlights the importance of insects in legal investigations
Authors: Lutz Lena , Zehner Richard , Verhoff Marcel A. , Bratzke Hansjürgen , Amendt Jens 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study highlights the importance of insect evidence by evaluating 949 insect-associated cases, including 139 entomological reports, from 2001 to 2019 at the Institute of Legal Medicine Frankfurt/Germany. With a high number of cases in the summer months and a low number in the colder season, 78.5% of the bodies were found indoors, regardless of year or month. In more than 80% of the cases, where PMI information was available (n = 704), the presumed PMI ranged from 1 to 21 days, a period during which entomological evidence can provide a day-specific estimate of PMImin. In cases where insects have been identified to species level (n = 279), most bodies were infested by one or two species with a maximum of 10 different species. Overall, a total of 55 insect species were found. Information on biology, activity and distribution of the most abundant taxa is given and applied for 5 case histories estimating different PMImins of up to over 6 months. Despite proved importance and scientific development of forensic entomology, insects are still rarely considered as a tool in forensic case work. The main reasons are a lack of awareness and (too) late involvement of a forensic entomologist. Our work shows that forensic entomology is an independent discipline that requires specialist expertise.
Onlay mesh repair for treatment of small umbilical hernias ≤ 2 cm in adults: a single-centre investigation
Authors: Melkemichel M. , Stjärne L. , Bringman S. , Widhe B. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Previous studies on the repair of small umbilical hernias have suggested a lower recurrence rate with mesh compared to suture repair. An important question is in what anatomical position the mesh should be placed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome of using a standardized 4 × 4 cm onlay-mesh for umbilical hernias ≤ 2 cm.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at a single centre in Sweden on all umbilical hernia repairs during 2015–2019. The follow-up time was at least four months. Patients were identified using the hospital medical database. Repairs performed with suture or a sublay, ventral patch and laparoscopic mesh positioning were excluded. The patient’s demographics, comorbidities, intra—and post-operative details were considered. The primary outcome was surgical site complications within 30 days. The secondary outcome was a recurrence.

Results
80 patients were repaired with a small onlay-mesh for an umbilical hernia ≤ 2 cm. The median (range) follow-up time was 29.0 (4.3–50.1) months. The median age was 46 (26–76) years old. The median body mass index was 28 (19–38) kg/m2. The male to female ratio was 2:1. 4 patients were identified with a surgical site post-operative complication; three with seromas and one with a superficial wound infection. 3 of these were given antibiotics. 2 patients were treated with wound openings bedside. There were no registered cases of recurrence.

Conclusions
Repairing small umbilical hernias with a small onlay-mesh was safe with a low surgical site complication rate. Randomized trials are needed to assess whether mesh can reduce recurrences in umbilical hernia repairs ≤ 2 cm.
Apolipoprotein E ɛ4–related effects on cognition are limited to the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum
Authors: Fernández Alberto , Vaquero Lucía , Bajo Ricardo , Zuluaga Pilar ,   ADNI–Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Weiner Michael W. , Saykin Andrew J. , Trojanowski John Q. , Shaw Leslie , Toga Arthur W. , Beckett Laurel , Jack Clifford R. , Aisen Paul , Petersen Ronald C. , Morris John C. , Jagust William 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Whether the deleterious effects of APOE4 are restricted to the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) spectrum or cause cognitive impairment irrespectively of the development of AD is still a matter of debate, and the focus of this study. Our analyses included APOE4 genotype, neuropsychological variables, amyloid-βeta (Aβ) and Tau markers, FDG-PET values, and hippocampal volumetry data derived from the healthy controls sample of the ADNI database. We formed 4 groups of equal size (n = 30) based on APOE4 carriage and amyloid-PET status. Baseline and follow-up (i.e., 48 months post-baseline) results indicated that Aβ-positivity was the most important factor to explain poorer cognitive performance, while APOE4 only exerted a significant effect in Aβ-positive subjects. Additionally, multiple regression analyses evidenced that, within the Aβ-positive sample, hippocampal volumetry explained most of the variability in cognitive performance for APOE4 carriers. These findings represent a strong support for the so-called preclinical/prodromal hypothesis, which states that the reported differences in cognitive performance between healthy carriers and non-carriers are mainly due to the APOE4’s capability to increase the risk of AD. Moreover, our results reinforce the notion that a synergistic interaction of Aβ and APOE4 elicits a neurodegenerative process in the hippocampus that might be the main cause of impaired cognitive performance.
Impulsive Fire Disturbance in a Savanna Model: Tree–Grass Coexistence States, Multiple Stable System States, and Resilience
Authors: Hoyer-Leitzel Alanna , Iams Sarah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSavanna ecosystems are shaped by the frequency and intensity of regular fires. We model savannas via an ordinary differential equation (ODE) encoding a one-sided inhibitory Lotka–Volterra interaction between trees and grass. By applying fire as a discrete disturbance, we create an impulsive dynamical system that allows us to identify the impact of variation in fire frequency and intensity. The model exhibits three different bistability regimes: between savanna and grassland; two savanna states; and savanna and woodland. The impulsive model reveals rich bifurcation structures in response to changes in fire intensity and frequency—structures that are largely invisible to analogous ODE models with continuous fire. In addition, by using the amount of grass as an example of a socially valued function of the system state, we examine the resilience of the social value to different disturbance regimes. We find that large transitions (“tipping”) in the valued quantity can be triggered by small changes in disturbance regime.
Interkulturelle Kompetenz in der Arbeit mit traumatisierten Menschen mit Fluchterfahrung
Authors: Pichlhöfer Christine 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungIm Artikel der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie wird die psychotherapeutische Arbeit mit traumatisierten Menschen mit Fluchterfahrung, unter anderem auch anhand von Fallvignetten, besprochen. Es geht um die Begegnung mit Menschen, die ihr Leben bisher in einem anderen Land verbracht haben und sich aufgrund zerbrochener Sicherheiten dazu gezwungen sahen, dieses zu verlassen. Flucht ist nie freiwillig. Wie viel muss ich über eine andere Kultur wissen und wie kann ich mich gleichzeitig vor verallgemeinernden Vorannahmen bewahren? Oft ist es ein therapeutisches Arbeiten mit traumatisierten Menschen mit ungeklärtem Aufenthaltsstatus und damit auch mit fehlender Sicherheit. Die Suche nach Ressourcen im Inneren ist ein intensiver Prozess, jene im Außen eine Herausforderung. Begegnung auf Augenhöhe und der gemeinsame Prozess des Findens eines passenden therapeutischen Prozesses erfordern ein besonderes Einlassen in uns oft unbekannte Welten.
Formation of Coarse Silicon Near the Surface of Al–7Si–Mg Semi-solid Castings
Authors: Santos Jorge , Jarfors Anders E. W. , Dahle Arne K. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Primary type polyhedral silicon crystals were observed in the vicinity of oxides located at or near the surface of strontium modified semi-solid Al–7Si–Mg castings. The coarse silicon polyhedrons were observed mainly on the outer side of oxides surrounding the macrosegregation regions. The silicon crystals most likely nucleated on AlP-particles located near the oxides. These AlP particles may nucleate on the wetted surface of oxides, or form at different locations in the interdendritic regions.
Unknown variant of the accessory subscapularis muscle?
Authors: Zielinska Nicol , Tubbs R. Shane , Konschake Marko , Olewnik Łukasz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractActing in medial rotation of the arm, the subscapularis (SM) is the most powerful and largest muscle of the rotator cuff. It is morphologically variable, especially in the number of tendons, place of insertion, and number of bellies, and it is sometimes fused with another muscle. An accessory subscapularis muscle (ASM) is among the morphological variations of the SM, but it is a really rare variant. The present case describes a very rare ASM that is divided into proximal tendinous attachment, intermediate fleshy muscular belly and distal tendinous attachment. Its origin is located on the lateral border of the scapula, but some fibers are connected with the muscular part of the SM. Its distal attachment is fused with the capsule of shoulder joint, above the tendinous insertion of the SM. Such an arrangement allows for greater stabilization of the joint. Moreover, there is a possibility that it could be used during treatment of ruptured SM tendons.
Medical Students’ Perspectives on Online Proctoring During Remote Digital Progress Test
Authors: Meulmeester Fleur L. , Dubois Eline A. , Krommenhoek-van Es C. , de Jong Peter G. M. , Langers Alexandra M. J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRemote teaching and assessment are essential for current education. During online examination, online proctoring is often used as a surveillance tool. Little is known about student perceptions on online proctoring. Using an online questionnaire, we found that medical students worry most about unjustified invalidation of their exam due to unstable internet connection, background noise or webcam issues, and privacy issues. It is important to be aware of these worries as they may influence test results.
Picture fuzzy tolerance graphs with application
Authors: Das Sankar , Ghorai Ganesh , Pal Madhumangal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, the notions of picture fuzzy tolerance graphs, picture fuzzy interval containment graphs and picture fuzzy $$\phi $$
ϕ
-tolerance graphs are established. Three special types of picture fuzzy tolerance graphs having bounded representations are introduced and studied corresponding properties of them taking $$\phi $$
ϕ
as max, min and sum functions. Also, picture fuzzy proper and unit tolerance graphs are established and some related results are investigated. The class of picture fuzzy $$\phi $$
ϕ
-tolerance chaingraphs which is the picture fuzzy $$\phi $$
ϕ
-tolerance graphs of a nested family of picture fuzzy intervals are presented. A real-life application in sports competition is modeled using picture fuzzy min-tolerance graph. Also a comparison is given between picture fuzzy tolerance graphs and intuitionistic fuzzy tolerance graphs.
Topologically mixing tiling of generated by a generalized substitution
Authors: WHITE TYLER 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents sufficient conditions for a substitution tiling dynamical system of
$\mathbb {R}^2$
, generated by a generalized substitution on three letters, to be topologically mixing. These conditions are shown to hold on a large class of tiling substitutions originally presented by Kenyon in 1996. This problem was suggested by Boris Solomyak, and many of the techniques that are used in this paper are based on the work by Kenyon, Sadun, and Solomyak [Topological mixing for substitutions on two letters. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.25(6) (2005), 1919–1934]. They studied one-dimensional tiling dynamical systems generated by substitutions on two letters and provided similar conditions sufficient to ensure that one-dimensional substitution tiling dynamical systems are topologically mixing. If a tiling dynamical system of
$\mathbb {R}^2$
satisfies our conditions (and thus is topologically mixing), we can construct additional topologically mixing tiling dynamical systems of
$\mathbb {R}^2$
. By considering the stepped surface constructed from a tiling
$T_\sigma $
, we can get a new tiling of
$\mathbb {R}^2$
by projecting the surface orthogonally onto an irrational plane through the origin.
WHEAT SEED (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) RADIOCARBON CONCENTRATION OVER THE LAST 75 YEARS
Authors: Hüls C Matthias , Börner Andreas , Hamann Christian 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTHere we report radiocarbon measurements made on wheat seed tissue (Triticum aestivum L.; winter or spring type growth habit), from the seed archive of the IPK Gatersleben, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany, which was harvested between 1946 and 2020. The results give an overview of 75 years of radiocarbon concentration evolution in agricultural plant products. The wheat tissue radiocarbon concentrations follow known pre- and post-bomb radiocarbon records, such as the atmospheric Jungfraujoch, Schauinsland, and NH1 datasets. Based on a Northern Hemisphere growing period from April to July, the Gatersleben seed tissue radiocarbon concentration indicates incorporation of fossil carbon of about 1% with respect to the high alpine, clean-air CO2 of the Jungfraujoch station between 1987 and 2019. We propose to use the pre- and post-bomb radiocarbon record of Gatersleben wheat as a reference in forensic investigations, such as the age estimation of paper by analyzing starch used in paper manufacture. Additionally, an advantage of the record reported here lies in its extensibility by adding new analyses from future harvests.