bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Driven Pretreatment and Room-Temperature Storage of Water Samples for Virus Detection Using Enhanced Porous Superabsorbent Polymer (PSAP) Beads
Authors: Chen Wensi , Wang Ting , Dou Zeou , Xie Xing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The continuous emergence of infectious viral diseases has become a major threat to public health. To quantify viruses, proper handling of water samples is required to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the testing results. In this study, we develop enhanced porous superabsorbent polymer (PSAP) beads to pretreat and store water samples for virus detection. By applying PSAP beads to collect water samples, the viruses are captured and encapsulated inside the beads while undesired components are excluded. We have successfully demonstrated that the shelf life of the model virus can be effectively extended at room temperature (22°C) and elevated temperature (35°C). Both the infectivity level and genome abundance of the viruses are protected even in a complex medium like untreated wastewater. Under the tested conditions, the viral degradation rate constant can be reduced to more than 10 times using the PSAP beads. Therefore, the enhanced PSAP beads provide a low-cost and efficient sample pretreatment and storage method that is feasible and practicable for large-scale surveillance of viral pathogens in water samples.
Official Development Aid: Plaster in A Wound? Evidence Using Data From Ethiopia
Authors: Meaza Cherkos 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The flow of aid to developing countries has increased massively and they receive billions of dollars per year in the form of aid from bilateral and multilateral donors. However, the economic growth achieved by many developing countries in general has not been satisfactory. Poverty is still there and resulted in a custom of aid dependence and foster the opportunity for the corrupted political leader. The conclusion on aid effectiveness is doubtful among economists, found to be inconclusive. This paper intends to see how ethiopian economy is reacting to the flow of foreign aid coming from rest of the world viz-a-viz the current most prestigous and influential arguments against and pro-effectiveness of aid. A time series on important parameters extending from 1981 to the most current 2017 is used and an econometrics techniques ECM is employed to examine the short run dynamics and long run relationship among the variables. The result of the short run dynamics showed that aid has a negative and statistically significant impact on economic growth. However, the impacts turns to be positive in the long run. economic growth measured by the real GDP adjusts to its long run equilibrium with an average speed of about 25.7 percent annually and it will roughly take it about 4 years to restore back to equilibrium, ceteris paribus.
Basal cells in the epidermis and epidermal differentiation
Authors: Singh Raghvendra 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A definite identification of epidermal stem cells is not known and the mechanism of epidermal differentiation is not fully understood. Toward both of these quests, considerable information is available from the research on lineage tracing and clonal growth analysis in the basal layer of the epidermis, on the hair follicle and interfollicular epidermal stem cells, and on Wnt signaling along with its role in developmental patterning and cell differentiation. In this paper, literature on the aforementioned research has been collated and analyzed. In addition, models of basal layer cellular composition and epidermal differentiation have been presented.
IL-17A in COVID-19: a meta-analysis
Authors: Fadlallah Sukayna , Eddin Marcel Shams , Rahal Elias 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Numerous reviews, commentaries and opinion pieces have suggested targeting IL-17A as part of managing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the notorious pandemic caused by the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). IL-17A is a proinflammatory cytokine attributed with homeostatic roles but that is also involved in autoimmune disease pathogenesis. While some studies have reported an increase in IL-17A in subjects affected by COVID-19, no significant associations were found by others. Hence, we undertook this meta-analysis to examine whether serum IL-17A increases in COVID-19 patients. Multiple databases were systematically reviewed for literature published on the topic from January 1, 2020 to April 30, 2021. A random effects model was used to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) as well as the 𝜏2 and 𝐼2 statistics for heterogeneity analysis. We report that IL-17A increases in COVID-19 subjects irrespective of disease severity compared to controls [WMD=2.51 pg/ml (95% CI 1.73-3.28), p<0.00001]. It is also higher in patients with moderate disease compared to controls [WMD=2.41 pg/ml (95% CI:1.40-3.43), p<0.00001] as well as higher in patients with severe COVID-19 [WMD=4.13 pg/ml (95% CI:1.65-6.60), p=0.001]. While the increase in serum levels in subjects with severe disease over those with moderate disease was statistically significant, the association was not as robust as the other comparisons [WMD= 2.07 pg/ml (95% CI:0.20-3.95), p=0.03]. Variable heterogeneity was observed in the various analyses with no significant publication bias detected. Hence, IL-17A may be of relevance when considering management approaches to COVID-19.
A novel hybrid XAJ-LSTM model for multi-step-ahead flood forecasting
Authors: Cui Zhen , Zhou Yanlai , Guo Shenglian , Wang Jun , Ba Huanhuan , He Shaokun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe conceptual hydrologic model has been widely used for flood forecasting, while long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network has been demonstrated a powerful ability to tackle time-series predictions. This study proposed a novel hybrid model by combining the Xinanjiang (XAJ) conceptual model and LSTM model (XAJ-LSTM) to achieve precise multi-step-ahead flood forecasts. The hybrid model takes flood forecasts of the XAJ model as the input variables of the LSTM model to enhance the physical mechanism of hydrological modeling. Using the XAJ and the LSTM models as benchmark models for comparison purposes, the hybrid model was applied to the Lushui reservoir catchment in China. The results demonstrated that three models could offer reasonable multi-step-ahead flood forecasts and the XAJ-LSTM model not only could effectively simulate the long-term dependence between precipitation and flood datasets, but also could create more accurate forecasts than the XAJ and the LSTM models. The hybrid model maintained similar forecast performance after feeding with simulated flood values of the XAJ model during horizons to . The study concludes that the XAJ-LSTM model that integrates the conceptual model and machine learning can raise the accuracy of multi-step-ahead flood forecasts while improving the interpretability of data-driven model internals.
BOD5 prediction using machine learning methods
Authors: Ooi Kai Sheng , Chen ZhiYuan , Poh Phaik Eong , Cui Jian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Biological oxygen demand (BOD5) is an indicator used to monitor water quality. However, the standard process of measuring BOD5 is time consuming and could delay crucial mitigation works in the event of pollution. To solve this problem, this study employed multiple machine learning (ML) methods such as random forest (RF), support vector regression (SVR) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) to train a best model that can accurately predict the BOD5 values in water samples based on other physical and chemical properties of the water. The training parameters were optimized using genetic algorithm (GA) and feature selection was made using the sequential feature selection (SFS) method. The proposed machine learning framework was first tested on a public dataset (Waterbase). The MLP method produced the best model, with an R2 score of 0.7672791942775417, relative mean squared error (MSE) and relative mean absolute error (MAE) of approximately 15%. Feature importance calculations indicated that chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), ammonium and nitrate are features that highly correlate to BOD5. In the field study with a small private dataset consisting of water samples collected from two different lakes in Jiangsu Province of China, the trained model was found to have a similar range of prediction error (around 15%), a similar relative MAE (around 14%) and achieved about 6% better relative RMSE.
Operational and technical performance of a water distribution network in Oman
Authors: Naamani Ahmed Al , Sana Ahmad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A water distribution network in an urban area in Muscat region (the capital city of Oman) is assessed for operational performance using the widely accepted methodology proposed by the International Water Association (IWA). The technical performance of this network was assessed using global performance index methods after modifying the performance levels as per local guidelines. A total of 37 operational performance indicators for the network were selected to carry out assessment. Overall operational performance showed high scores whereas some indicators showed unacceptable performance values. The network showed very high technical performance considering nodal pressures. The lower performance for pipe velocity may be attributed to the fact that the network is currently being utilized by 70% of the population for which it was designed. The residual chlorine levels were within the acceptable range of the Public Authority for Water (PAW), showing a very good performance by virtue of water quality. This study will be useful for decision makers to assess the operational, technical and water quality performance of urban networks and take actions for improvements.
A Rare Complication of Microwave Ablation for Renal Cell Carcinoma;
Nephrocolic Fistula
Authors: Yilmaz Temel Fatih , Sari Lutfullah , Aykan Mahmut Esat , Gultekin Mehmet Ali , Oz Ibrahim Ilker 
Published: June 2021

Introduction:
Nephrocolic fistula is a pathological connection between the kidney and
colon. Percutaneous tumour ablation therapy is a rare cause of iatrogenic nephrocolic fistulain in
the literature.

Case Presentation:
Interventional radiologist should be careful especially in patients with repeated
ablation. Granulation tissue may lead to unexpected results secondary to tissue fragility and impedance
changes.

Conclusion:
In addition, we should keep in mind that there is decreasing hydrodissection benefit in
cases with previous ablation. As far as we know, this is the first case report of an iatrogenic ephrocolic
fistula after microwave ablation for recurrence renal cell carcinoma.
Assessment of Cell Cytotoxicity and Comet Assay on HER2/neu Positive
Cell Line Due to 111 In Auger Electrons as DNA-Targeting Radioimmunoconjugate
Authors: Alirezapour Behrouz , Piroozfar Behnaz , Sedeh Farahnaz Motamedi , Mirzaii Mohammad , Jalilian Amir Reza , Hashemizadeh Miad , Raisali Gholamreza 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Breast cancer Auger electron therapy is a growing field of study in radioimmunotherapy
and oncology research. Trastuzumab, a high affinity-binding monoclonal antibody
against HER2/neu is which is over-expressed in breast tumors, is used in radiopharmaceutical
development.

Objective:
In this work, the lethal effects of 111In3+, 111In-DTPA-trastuzumab and 111In-trastuzumab
coupled-nuclear localizing sequence peptide (111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab) on malignant cells
were studied in vitro.

Methods:
DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab was prepared using sulfosuccinimidyl-4-(N-maleimidomethyl)
cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (sulfo-SMCC) conjugation with NLS peptide in the first step, followed
by conjugation with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Both DTPA-trastuzumab and DTPA-
NLS-trastuzumab were labeled with 111In followed by purification and quality control techniques.
Sk-Br-3 (a HER2/neu+ cell line), was used in the cell viability assessment assay for 11In,
111In-DTPA-trastuzumab and 111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab (3.7 MBq) at 37 ºC. The cytotoxicity
of the three species was studied using MTT and comet assay was utilized DNA damage detection.

Results:
A significant radiochemical purity for 111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab (99.36% ± 0.30%,
ITLC) at the DTPA:antibody ratio of 6.90 ± 0.34:1, was obtained. Significant cell viability difference
was found for 111In-DTPA-NLS-trastuzumab compared to the other treatments at two-time
points. In addition, comet assay demonstrated significant DNA damage at 144 h using 111In-DTPA-
NLS-trastuzumab.

Conclusion:
The results of cell viability and cell death using MTT assay and comet assay, respectively,
demonstrate the NLS-peptide effectively facilitates 111In-trastuzumab transport into the
HER2/neu positive cancer cell nuclei to impose the radiotherapeutic effects of Auger electrons on
DNA leading to cell death.
Compliance with personal protective equipment use among non-medical healthcare professionals during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Diana Estika Mei , Widayanti Anna Wahyuni , Satibi  
Published: June 2021

Non-medical healthcare professionals, including pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, nutritionists, and radiographers, have a high risk of COVID-19 infection during work. Personal protective equipment use has shown effective in preventing virus transmission. This study aimed to investigate the compliance with personal protective equipment use and identify the factors that may influence their compliance.
The study was designed cross-sectionally, with a self-administered questionnaire. The respondents were non-medical healthcare professionals recruited from covid and non-covid ward at Saiful Anwar General Hospital. The data were collected in November 2020. The questionnaire consists of four questions to assess compliance and eighteen questions to explore the factors that may relate to their compliance. This study used the Chi-square test to differentiate the level of compliance between two groups and binary logistic regression to analyze factors that may influence the compliance.
Most participants in this study were female (84.8%), with a median age of 33 (23 – 57) years. More than 80 % of participants worked in the non-covid ward. Only one-fifth of participants had work experience of more than 15 years. The compliance with personal protective equipment was 67.3%. In univariate analysis, factors that influenced the compliance were difficulty using, removing, and disposing of personal protective equipment, lack of training and regular monitoring, unsure about the effectiveness of personal protective equipment, uncomfortable in donning personal protective equipment. Co-workers never reminding themselves to use personal protective equipment also influence compliance. In the multivariate analysis, the difficulty of using, removing and disposing of personal protective equipment (OR 2.83 (0.730 – 3.478), p=0.025) significantly influenced compliance with personal protective equipment use.
AS NARRATIVAS SOBRE SER CRIANÇA: do desencanto ao encantamento em experiência de acadêmico a pesquisador
Authors: Morais da Costa Antonio , Astigarraga Andrea 
Published: June 2021

O principal objetivo deste artigo é descrever e analisar o processo formativo de um pesquisador iniciante diante das narrativas das crianças da turma do infantil IV sobre ser criança. O lócus da pesquisa foi um Centro de Educação Infantil em um município da região norte do estado do Ceará. A abordagem teórico-metodológica qualitativa de ouvir as crianças está em consonância com os estudos realizados por pesquisadores, tais como Sarmento (2008); Cohn (2005); Costa e Astigarraga (2020), Passeggi (2014); entre outros. O procedimento metodológico principal foi utilização de um boneco representando um extraterrestre que visita a escola, inspirado em Lani-Bayle (2018); Conti e Passeggi (2014) e Furlanetto (2014), rodas de conversas coletivas, com pequenos grupos de crianças, gravadas e transcritas. Foi possível refletir sobre a infância vivida por elas, deixando evidente a necessidade de uma escuta sensível acerca do processo formativo tanto do pesquisador-iniciante quanto das crianças para que existam possibilidades de transformação, ou seja, de pesquisador desencantado para uma postura de pesquisador encantado.
Does Audit Committee Disclosure of Partner-Selection Involvement Signal Greater Audit Quality?
Authors: Downes Jimmy F. , Draeger Michelle A , Sadler Abbie E. 
Published: June 2021

SYNOPSIS
We investigate whether audit committees use voluntary disclosures to signal the committees' higher level of involvement in the audit partner-selection process, which contributes to higher levels of audit quality. Audit committees more involved in the partner-selection process should ensure the selection of a more rigorous partner. We test this conjecture by first identifying partners new to audit engagements. We then compare audit quality for companies whose audit committees disclose involvement in the selection of the new partner to those without this disclosure. We find that this disclosure is positively associated with audit quality (measured using discretionary accruals, misstatements, and meeting consensus analyst forecasts by a very small margin). Our results are more salient for complex companies and those with powerful audit committees. These findings highlight that audit committees use their disclosures to signal involvement in the partner-selection process and are relevant to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Data Availability: The data used in this paper are publicly available from the sources indicated in the text.
JEL Classifications: M41; M48.
Predicting Earnings Directional Movement Utilizing Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN)
Authors: Baranes Amos , Palas Rimona , Yosef Arthur 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
The study has two objectives. The first, to develop an earnings movement prediction model to help investors in their decision process, the second, to explore the potential of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) in financial statement analysis and present a detailed model for its application. RNN's two major advantages are: they do not make assumptions regarding the data and allow users to search whatever functional form best describes the underlying relationship between financial data and changes in earnings; they dynamically account for time-series behavior, earnings of a certain time period are not independent of earnings in previous time periods. The paper utilizes the newly mandated XBRL data, whose benefits are that it is freely available, easily accessible and is more timely than traditional databases. The use of RNN is validated in the results by providing a higher accuracy prediction than neural networks and logistic regression.
PASSIVE IN WESTERN MANSI
Authors: Урманчиева Анна Юрьевна , Плунгян Владимир Александрович 
Published: June 2021

Данная работа открывает серию статей, в которых проводится сопоставительное изучение употребления пассивных форм в диалектах мансийского языка. В мансийском языке (обско-угорские угорские уральские) выделяется несколько диалектных групп: северная (по рекам Сосьва, Ляпин и по верхнему течению р. Лозьва), южная (по р. Тавда), восточная (по р. Конда) и западная (по рекам Пелым и Вагиль и по реке Лозьва в ее среднем и нижнем течении). Южные и западные диалекты исчезли уже в начале XX века, восточные просуществовали несколько дольше, приблизительно до середины прошлого столетия; в настоящее время сохраняются только мансийские идиомы северной диалектной группы.
Сравнение функций одних и тех же грамматических форм в разных вариантах многодиалектного языка в перспективе позволит реконструировать картину диалектной дивергенции мансийского: во-первых, определить междиалектные связи, во вторых, установить возможные сепаратные внешние связи того или иного локального варианта, которые привели к изменению функционирования определенных грамматических форм. Исследование проводилось прежде всего на материале мансийского корпуса проектов “Ob-Ugric languages” и “Ob-Ugric database” (http://www.babel.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/).
The paper describes the following aspects of the use of passive forms in Western Mansi narratives:
— grammatical semantics of forms with passive morphology (passive in a strict sense, impersonal constructions, adversative, ...);
— information structure of passive utterances;
— pragmatic conditions for choosing between active and passive voice.
On the one hand, in Western Mansi arose a specific correlation between different functions of passive with different communicative structures:
— the passive in a strict sense, like the adversative, is used only with a topical object;
— the adversative can be used with a topical as well as with a focal subject, whereas the passive — only with a topical one;
— the adversative developed a special discursive function: the introduction of a new (focal) subject into the narrative;
On the other hand, the passive in a strict sense, whose primary function is a ranking of topics according to their communicative salience, is used in Western Mansi narratives almost automatically. It is used to promote the only one patientive argument — only the main protagonist of a story. This means that speakers do not use passive voice to rank topics; rather they choose a passive form depending on an already predetermined rank.
O ensino dos esportes de invasão na Educação Física escolar: relação entre as tarefas e as intervenções dos professores com o papel dos alunos
Authors: Dumke Alexsander Patrick de Oliveira , Ginciene Guy , Borges Robson Machado 
Published: June 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os tipos de tarefas e de intervenções realizadas por professores ao desenvolverem o ensino de esportes de invasão na Educação Física escolar e a sua relação com o papel do aluno durante as aulas. Para tanto, seguindo uma abordagem mista e caracterizada como um estudo de casos múltiplos, a pesquisa consistiu na observação e análise de cinco aulas de cinco professores (25 observações). Os resultados indicam que os docentes proporcionam tarefas com e sem interação entre adversários, predominando o jogo formal. Nas intervenções prepondera a instrução, seguida da motivação, sendo praticamente inexistente a utilização de indagações para reflexão dos alunos sobre o que e quando fazer no jogo. Assim, os alunos desempenham um papel parcialmente ativo devido as tarefas com interação existentes (com predomínio do jogo formal), mas os professores não proporcionam oportunidade de reflexão e produção de respostas sobre à dimensão tática.
Positive influence of aminosilanes on anti-EpCAM antibody immobilization on a glass surface
Authors: Kamińska Paula , Buszka Karolina , Pietras Przemysław , Zabel Maciej , Nowicki Michał , Budna-Tukan Joanna 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Immobilization of antibodies has a number of promising applications, including detection of biomolecules and cells. Well-oriented antibodies are required to bind them effectively. To eliminate the problem of random antibodies’ orientation, the surface of the device can be modified with silanes. This study aimed at elucidating if selected aminosilanes were able to bind antibodies in the appropriate orientation and thus retain their binding activity. Silanization of glass slides was performed using three amino-functional trialkoxysilanes – A, AE, and AEE. The immunofluorescent reaction was used to evaluate the potential of the silanized glass surface to bind anti-EpCAM antibodies. The affinity of selected anti-EpCAM HEA125 antibodies labeled with fluorochrome to tested silanized surfaces was evaluated by measuring the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) in each analyzed area. The presented silanes effectively bound antibodies. Higher fluorescence intensity was noticed in the case of silane-coated glass slides in comparison to unmodified ones. The differences in the contact angles also confirmed this result. In the case of silane A, the fluorescence intensity reflected the amount of bound antibodies. However, there was no such a relation in the case of the silanes AE and AEE. Although our research gave promising results, the usefulness of selected silanes needs to be confirmed by further studies using cancer cells.

Running title: Aminosilanes as enhancers of antibody immobilization