bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projection of the health and economic impacts of Chronic kidney disease in the Chilean population
Authors: Walbaum Magdalena , Scholes Shaun , Rojas Rubén , Mindell Jennifer S. , Pizzo Elena 
Published: September 2021

Background
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a leading public health problem, with substantial burden and economic implications for healthcare systems, mainly due to renal replacement treatment (RRT) for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The aim of this study is to develop a multistate predictive model to estimate the future burden of CKD in Chile, given the high and rising RRT rates, population ageing, and prevalence of comorbidities contributing to CKD.

Methods
A dynamic stock and flow model was developed to simulate CKD progression in the Chilean population aged 40 years and older, up to the year 2041, adopting the perspective of the Chilean public healthcare system. The model included six states replicating progression of CKD, which was assumed in 1-year cycles and was categorised as slow, medium or fast progression, based on the underlying conditions. We simulated two different treatment scenarios. Only direct costs of treatment were included, and a 3% per year discount rate was applied after the first year. We calibrated the model based on international evidence; the exploration of uncertainty (95% credibility intervals) was undertaken with probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Results
By the year 2041, there is an expected increase in cases of CKD stages 3a to ESKD, ceteris paribus, from 442,265 (95% UI 441,808–442,722) in 2021 to 735,513 (734,455–736,570) individuals. Direct costs of CKD stages 3a to ESKD would rise from 322.4M GBP (321.7–323.1) in 2021 to 1,038.6M GBP (1,035.5–1,041.8) in 2041. A reduction in the progression rates of the disease by the inclusion of SGLT2 inhibitors and pre-dialysis treatment would decrease the number of individuals worsening to stages 5 and ESKD, thus reducing the total costs of CKD by 214.6M GBP in 2041 to 824.0M GBP (822.7–825.3).

Conclusions
This model can be a useful tool for healthcare planning, with development of preventive or treatment plans to reduce and delay the progression of the disease and thus the anticipated increase in the healthcare costs of CKD.
Observer design for a single mast stacker crane
Authors: Ecker Lukas , Malzer Tobias , Wahrburg Arne , Schöberl Markus 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This contribution is concerned with the design of observers for a single mast stacker crane, which is used, e. g., for storage and removal of loads in automated warehouses. As the mast of such stacker cranes is typically a lightweight construction, the system under consideration is described by ordinary as well as partial differential equations, i. e., the system exhibits a mixed finite-/infinite-dimensional character. We will present two different observer designs, an Extended Kalman Filter based on a finite-dimensional system approximation, using the Rayleigh-Ritz method and an approach exploiting the port-Hamiltonian system representation for the mixed finite-/infinite-dimensional scenario where in particular the observer-error system should be formulated in the port-Hamiltonian framework. The mixed-dimensional observer and the Kalman Filter are employed to estimate the deflection of the beam based on signals acquired by an inertial measurement unit at the beam tip. Such an approach considerably simplifies mechatronic integration as it renders strain-gauges at the base of the mast obsolete. Finally, measurement results demonstrate the capability of these approaches for monitoring and vibration-rejection purposes.
An alternative method for windup prevention
Authors: Hippe Peter 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Windup effects can be subdivided into controller windup and plant windup. Controller windup can be prevented by stabilizing the compensator during saturation and plant windup by an additional dynamic element. When using a compensating design, i. e., the zeros and poles of the plant are compensated by the poles and zeros of the controller, plant windup does not occur. The compensating control is parametrized by one parameter allowing nearly arbitrary disturbance attenuation. This type of control is restricted to minimum-phase systems. But it has a number of advantages. It simplifies the SISO and especially the MIMO design of compensators with integral action considerably, it has good robustness properties and it allows a diagonal decoupling of the reference behavior for arbitrary MIMO system. Two examples demonstrate the results achievable.
Impact of a nanomixture of carbon black and clay on the mechanical properties of a series of irradiated natural rubber/butyl rubber blend
Authors: Alshangiti Dalal M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A series of natural rubber/butyl rubber NR/IIR blend loaded with N660 carbon black (CB) and triethoxy vinyl silane treated clay nanoparticles (TCNPs) were prepared using gamma irradiation in the presence of a polyfunctional monomer, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). The effect of incorporating different contents of N660 CB and five parts per hundred of rubber (phr) of treated clay on the mechanical properties of the prepared nanocomposites has been investigated. The addition of TCNP to CB/rubber composites markedly increase their tensile strength due to the increase of the cross-link density. These results indicated that the TCNP may be enclosed or trapped in the occluded structure of CB. The effect of CB and the TCNP content on the tensile strength (σ), elongation at break (ε
b, %), and modulus of elasticity (E, MPa) of natural rubber/butyl rubber NR/IIR blend have been investigated. The incorporation of 5 phr of TCNP into 30 phr CB-loaded NR/IIR composites results in the increased tensile strength value by about 60%. Finally, theoretical models were used to interpret the experimental results.
Psoralidin exerts anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and immunostimulatory activities in 4T1 tumor‐bearing balb/c mice
Authors: Amani Davar , Shakiba Elham , Motaghi Ehsan , Alipanah Hiva , Jalalpourroodsari Mahshad , Rashidi Mohsen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Psoralidin as a compound of the Psoralea corylifolia seeds exhibited several anti-cancer potentials in various cancers.

Materials and methods
In this study, 4T1 tumor‐bearing Balb/c mice were treated by intraperitoneal administration of Psoralidin, and Paraffin, as a control group to investigate anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and immunostimulatory activities in breast cancer. Body weight and tumor volume measurement were performed. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining as well as immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, CD31 and VEGF markers were conducted. In addition, ELISA assay was performed for evaluating the serum level of IFN-γ and IL-4. Moreover, real time assay was performed to evaluate the expression of angiogenesis and immunostimulatory related genes.

Results
There were no significant changes in the body weight of all animal groups. The anti-cancer effects of Psoralidin were significantly observed after 24 days of the last treatment, confirmed by smaller tumor volume and also H&E staining. The expression level of Ki‐67, CD31 and VEGF were significantly decreased in tumor tissues of the Psoralidin-treated group in comparison with Paraffin-treated group. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in the serum level of IL-4 in tumor-bearing mice after Psoralidin treatment while the serum level of IFN-γ was significantly augmented in all groups. Moreover, the reduction in expression of VEGF-a and IL-1β was observed. Interestingly Psoralidin treatment led to expression increase of FOXp3.

Conclusions
Psoralidin shows the anti-cancer potential in an animal model of breast cancer; however, further studies are recommended to elucidate its mechanisms of action.
A review on mmWave based energy efficient RoF system for next generation mobile communication and broadband systems
Authors: Kumar Parvin , Sharma Sanjay Kumar , Singla Shelly , Gupta Varun , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In today’s scenario, wireless communication is turning into a decisive and leading backbone to access the worldwide network. Therefore, the usage of mobile phones and broadband is rising staggeringly. To satisfy their expulsive needs, it demands increment in data rates while providing higher bandwidth and utilizing optical fiber in wireless communication, and this becomes a worldwide analysis area. Radio over fiber (RoF) system is taken into account as best solution to fulfill these needs. In RoF system, the radio frequency signal operated at millimeter wave (30–300 GHz) is centralized and processed at control station (CS) and also, the CS upconverts this electrical signal to optical domain. By employing optical fiber link, this signal reaches to base station (BS). Then, the received optical signal converts back to electrical domain at the respective BS. Now BS radiates the electrical signal to corresponding mobile station (MS) in commission with the millimeter wave frequency bands. This RoF system is providing massive bandwidth, facilitating large mobility for RF frequency signals, small loss, fast and cost effective setup, wonderful security, and unlicensed spectrum etc. The RoF system introduces microcells structure for BS cells to boost the frequency reuse and needed capacity. It has benefits in terms of ability to fulfill increasing bandwidth demands to cut back the power consumption and the dimensions of the handset devices. This paper firstly explains the overview of existing wireless mobile communication and broadband systems and then, targets the review of RoF system which will become energy efficient system for next generation mobile communication and future broadband systems. This paper also includes the performance degradation and evaluation parameters. Finally, this paper presents the various research opportunities for its implementation zone.
Massive surface-plasmon polaritons
Authors: Chichkov Nikolai B. , Evlyukhin Andrey B. , Chichkov Boris N. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
It is well-known that a quantum of light (photon) has a zero mass in vacuum. Entering into a medium the photon creates a quasiparticle (polariton, plasmon, surface-phonon, surface-plasmon polariton, etc.) whose rest mass is generally not zero. In this letter, devoted to the memory of Mark Stockman, we evaluate the rest mass of light-induced surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and discuss an idea that collisions of two massive SPP quasiparticles can result in changes of their frequencies according to the energy and momentum conservation laws.
The crystal structure of [(phenantroline-κ2
N,N′)-bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylate-κ2
N,O)cobalt(II)]monohydrate, C36H26N4O5Co
Authors: Tai Xi-Shi , Wang Zi-Jian , Ouyang Jian , Li Yun-Fei , Zhang Wei , Jia Wen-Lei , Wang Li-Hua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
C36H26N4O5Co, triclinic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 10.6380(5) Å, b = 10.6639(5) Å, c = 26.5443(15) Å, V = 3011.2(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0330, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0681, T = 200 K.
Effect of Fixing Earthquake Depth in ShakeAlert Algorithms on Performance for Intraslab Earthquakes
Authors: Thompson Mika , Hartog J. Renate , Wirth Erin A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We investigate whether assuming a fixed shallow depth in the ShakeAlert network-based earthquake early warning system is sufficient to produce accurate ground-motion based alerts for intraslab earthquakes. ShakeAlert currently uses a fixed focal depth of 8 km to estimate earthquake location and magnitude. This is an appropriate way to reduce computational costs without compromising alert accuracy in California, where earthquakes typically occur on shallow crustal faults. In the Pacific Northwest (PNW), however, the most common moderate-magnitude events occur within the subducting Juan de Fuca slab at depths between ∼35 and 65 km. Using a dataset of seismic recordings from 37 Mw 4.5+ intraslab earthquakes from the PNW and Chile, we replay events through the Earthquake Point-Source Integrated Code and eqInfo2GM algorithms to estimate source parameters and compute modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) alert threshold contours. Each event is replayed twice—once using a fixed 8 km depth and a second time using the actual catalog earthquake depth. For each depth scenario, we analyze MMI III and IV contours using various performance metrics to determine the number of correctly alerted sites and measure warning times. We determine that shallow depth replays are more likely to produce errors in location estimates of greater than 50 km if the event is located outside of a seismic network. When located within a seismic network, shallow and catalog depth replays have similar epicenter estimates. Results show that applying catalog earthquake depth does not improve the accuracy of magnitude estimates or MMI alert threshold contours, or increase warning times. We conclude that using a fixed shallow earthquake depth for intraslab earthquakes will not significantly impact alert accuracy in the PNW.
Multicranial neuropathy secondary to endolymphatic sac tumor
Authors: Hussain Tanvir , Crotty Thomas J. , Cleere Eoin F. , Corbett Mel , Patil Aishan , Choo Marcus 
Published: September 2021

<p class="abstract">Endolymphatic sac tumors (ELST) are rare neuroectodermal neoplasms arising from the epithelium of the endolymphatic sac or duct. Despite their benign histopathological features, ELSTs frequently demonstrate a locally destructive growth pattern with involvement of the skull base and cranial nerves. While ELSTs may arise sporadically, the majority of cases occur in association with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. ELSTs are commonly diagnosed late due to their slow growing nature and non-specific symptomatology. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice. However, due to the location of these tumors in the lateral skull base surgical intervention carries a high risk of injury to critical neurovascular structures in close proximity. We presented the case of a 51 years old gentleman with a three-months history of hearing loss and otalgia. He subsequently developed multiple cranial neuropathies and was diagnosed with a sporadic ELST. He underwent a complete surgical resection and received adjuvant radiotherapy. </p>
Rappels sur la vigne et le déficit hydrique. Quels leviers au vignoble à courts et moyens termes ?
Authors: Deloire Alain , Pellegrino Anne 
Published: September 2021

Dans le cadre de l’évolution du climat, la majorité des régions viticoles subissent des périodes de contraintes hydriques voire de stress hydrique et des vagues de chaleurs. L’augmentation des températures moyennes est avérée, décalant les stades phénologiques de la vigne. Dans les régions méditerranéennes du sud de la France, les orages plus fréquents en automne et la plus faible pluviométrie en hiver réduisent le remplissage de la réserve utile des sols pré débourrement. Par ailleurs, la pluviométrie sur le cycle cultural diminue alors que l’évapotranspiration augmente. L’ensemble de ces évolutions climatiques (pluies x températures) a des effets sur le fonctionnement de la vigne, la composition des baies et le profil aromatique des vins. À ce titre, il nous semble intéressant de partager sous forme de « dot points » les conséquences possibles de l’augmentation du déficit hydrique et des pics de chaleur sur la physiologie de la vigne et de ses fruits et de rappeler quelques solutions potentielles à mettre en œuvre à court et moyen terme, notamment lors de la plantation de jeunes vignes.
Peningkatan Motivasi Siswa dalam Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Model Inquiry Terbimbing pada Kelas V SDN Kaliwungu Tahun Ajaran 2017 / 2018
Authors: Utomo Cahyo Warso , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti , Chamdani Muhamad 
Published: September 2021

<p class="Default">Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA melalui penerapan model pembelajaran <em>Inquiry </em>terbimbing. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) kolaboratif yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan 23 siswa kelas V SDN Kaliwungu. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, angket, dan tes. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan sumber. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran <em>Inquiry </em>terbimbing dapat meningkatkan motivasi siswa pada pembelajaran IPA. Dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya presentase motivasi siswa sebesar 75,6% pada siklus I, meningkat menjadi 86,32% pada siklus II, dan 90,35% pada siklus III. Peningkatan motivasi tersebut menyebabkan siswa lebih semangat dalam belajar dan lebih antusias. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran <em>Inquiry </em>terbimbing dapat meningkatkan motivasi siswa pada pembelajaran IPA di kelas V SDN Kaliwungu tahun ajaran 2017/2018.</p><p> </p>
The Application of The Quantum Teaching Model with Multimedia to Improve The Students’ Learning Outcomes of Social Science about Types of Jobs on Grade III Students of SDN Jatimulyo in Academic Year 2018/2019
Authors: Khasanah Wahyu , Chamdani Muhamad , Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah 
Published: September 2021

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar ilmu sosial tentang jenis pekerjaan pada siswa kelas tiga SDN Jatimulyo pada Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019 melalui penerapan pengajaran kuantum dan model multimedia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas tiga SDN Jatimulyo. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes, observasi, dan wawancara. Uji validitas data menggunakan triangulasi teknis dan triangulasi sumber. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pengajaran kuantum dengan multimedia yang diterapkan sesuai dengan skenario dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar ilmu sosial tentang jenis pekerjaan pada siswa kelas tiga SDN Jatimulyo pada Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019.</p><p> </p>
The Application of The Quantum Teaching Model in Improving Mathematical Learning Motivation in Grade Iv Students of SD Negeri 2 Kertodeso in Academic Year 2018/2019
Authors: Rahmawati Susilailiy , Joharman Joharman , Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah 
Published: September 2021

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model pengajaran kuantum dan mendeskripsikan peningkatan motivasi belajar matematika siswa melalui penerapan model pengajaran kuantum. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan jenis penelitian kolaboratif. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi, pedoman wawancara, kuesioner dan lembar studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pengajaran kuantum dilakukan oleh langkah-langkah berikut: (a) tumbuh, (b) mengalami, (c) penamaan, (d) menunjukkan, (e) mengulang, dan (f) merayakan. Penerapan model pengajaran kuantum dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika pada siswa kelas empat SDN 2 Kertodeso pada Tahun Akademik 2018/2019. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan peningkatan hasil observasi rata-rata dan angket motivasi belajar matematika siswa pada setiap siklusnya. Motivasi observasi rata-rata belajar pada siklus pertama adalah 72,08%, pada siklus kedua adalah 85,83%, dan pada siklus ketiga, meningkat menjadi 90,00%. Kuesioner motivasi belajar rata-rata siswa pada siklus pertama adalah 74,50%, pada siklus kedua adalah 85,18%, dan pada siklus ketiga, meningkat menjadi 90,42%.</p><p> </p>
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning dengan Media Model untuk Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Matematika tentang Bangun Ruang pada Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 7 Kutosari Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Rofiqoh Nur , Ngatman Ngatman , Joharman Joharman 
Published: September 2021

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika tentang bangun ruang siswa kelas V SD Negeri 7 Kutosari dengan menerapkan model <em>discovery learning</em>. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas V. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan: observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan tes. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, triangulasi teknik, dan validitas isi. Analisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model <em>discovery learning</em> dengan media model dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika tentang bangun ruang pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 7 Kutosari tahun ajaran 2018/2019.</p><p> </p>
Peningkatan Keaktifan Bertanya Melalui Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Tema Panas dan Perpindahannya pada Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 3 Wonosari Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Setyorini Peni , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti , Ngatman Ngatman 
Published: September 2021

<p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan bertanya melalui model inkuiri terbimbing tema Panas dan Perpindahannya pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 3 Wonosari tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) kolaboratif antara peneliti dengan guru kelas V SD Negeri 3 Wonosari yang dilakukan dalam tiga siklus dengan rincian dua pertemuan untuk setiap siklusnya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas V yang berjumlah 25 siswa dengan rincian 16 siswa laki-laki dan 9 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan tes, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan triangulasi sumber. Analisis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan/ verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan keaktifan bertanya pada tema Panas dan Perpindahannya kelas V SD negeri 3 Wonosari.</em></p><p> </p>
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Arias (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assessment, dan Satisfaction) dengan Media Kertas Lipat dalam Peningkatan Pembelajaran Matematika tentang Soal Cerita Pecahan pada Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri Mangli Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Rahmah Annisa Zuraida , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Chamdani Muhamad 
Published: September 2021

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu meningkatkan pembelajaran Matematika tentang soal cerita pecahan melalui penerapan model ARIAS dengan media kertas lipat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) kolaboratif yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas III. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Validasi data menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan sumber. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model ARIAS dengan media kertas lipat dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran Matematika tentang soal cerita pecahan.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Penerapan Model Predict Observe Explain (POE) dalam Peningkatan Berpikir Kritis pada Pembelajaran IPA Tema 6 Cita-Citaku di Kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Kutosari Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Saputri Marchelina Dwi , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti , Ngatman Ngatman 
Published: September 2021

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis penerapan model <em>Predict Observe Explain, </em>meningkatkan berpikir kritis pada pembelajaran IPA tema 6 cita-citaku. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) kolaboratif yang dilakukan dalam tiga siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV B SD Negeri 1 Kutosari tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan tes. Validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi dan sumber. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model <em>Predict Observe Explain </em>dapat meningkatkan berpikir kritis pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Kutosari tahun ajaran 2018/2019.</p>