bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the endemic ornamental fish Pterapogon kauderni in Bokan Kepulauan, Banggai marine protected area, Indonesia
Authors: Ndobe Samliok , Handoko Kris , Wahyudi Deddy , Yasir Moh. , Irawati Yulina , Tanod Wendy Alexander , Moore Abigail Mary 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. The Banggai cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni is a species of national and international conservation concern. Established in November 2019, the Banggai marine protected area (MPA) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia covers most of the endemic range of this ornamental fish. The third repeat survey (T2 monitoring) under the National Action Plan for Banggai Cardinalfish Conservation (NAP-BCFC) was carried out in October 2019 at eight sites in the Bokan Kepulauan region within the MPA. The T2 monitoring used the standard NAP-BCFC belt transect method. Data were collected on P. kauderni abundance (by size class: recruits, juveniles, adults) and microhabitat (sea urchins, sea anemones, hard corals, and others). Data were evaluated with respect to the T0 (2017) survey and T1 (2018) monitoring at the same sites, as well as previous surveys in 2004 (2 sites) and 2012 (4 sites). The data show wide between-site variation in P. kauderni and microhabitat parameters, with one subpopulation at very high risk of extirpation. Trends included declines over time in P. kauderni, sea urchin and sea anemone abundance, with an increase since 2017 in hard coral microhabitat use by adult P. kauderni. We recommend evaluation of other P. kauderni populations in Bokan Kepulauan and specific site or zone-based actions. However, we conclude that the most urgent priority for P. kauderni conservation in Bokan Kepulauan is protection of key microhabitat through a moratorium on sea urchin and sea anemone collection in P. kauderni habitat. Keywords: Banggai cardinalfish, endangered species, marine conservation, microhabitat, monitoring, ornamental fishery, CITES
Status dan sebaran mangrove di kawasan konservasi Taman Pulau Kecil, Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Muhtadi Ahmad , Harahap Zulham Apandy , Pulungan Ahyar , Nurmatias Nurmatias , Lubis Pardamean , Siregar Zufriwandi , Ompusunggu Rudolf Y. , Aulia Fauzan 
Published: March 2021

Mangroves are an important part of determining conservation areas as well as determining zoning within conservation areas. Therefore, information on the status and distribution of mangroves is essential in managing conservation areas. This study was conducted in Taman Pulau Kecil, Central Tapanuli District. The data was collected in June 2019. The sampling sites consisted 26 points (1-15 at the Mursala Island and its surroundings and 16-27 in the Tapian nauli Bay (maindland)). The study revealed 17 mangrove species from 9 families consisted of 14 true mangroves and 3 associated mangroves namely pandan (Pandanus tectorius), waru (Thespesia populnea), and ketapang (Terminalia catappa). Analysis of the importance of mangrove species in Taman Pulau Kecil, Central Tapanuli district showed that Rizophora, Xilocarpus, and Bruguiera have a large influence and role in the mangrove vegetation community. Mangroves in conservation area at Taman Pulau Kecil were in the good category. However, the condition and status of mangroves in Tapian Nauli Bay had better condition with the density of 3.120 ind/ha while in Mursala Island and its surroundings with density of 2.356 ind/ha.Keywords: Mangrove, Marine Protected area, Mursala Island, Tapian Nauli BayABSTRAKMangrove merupakan salah satu ekosistem penting dalam penentuan kawasan konservasi serta dalam penentuan zonasi di dalam kawasan konservasi. Oleh karena itu, informasi status dan sebaran mangrove penting dalam upaya pengelolaan kawasan konservasi. Lokasi pengambilan data mangrove di kawasan konservasi daerah Taman Pulau Kecil Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2019. Lokasi pengambilan data pada 26 titik pengamatan yang terdiri dari titik 1-15 di Pulau Mursala dan sekitarnya dan titik 16-27 di Teluk Tapaian Nauli (pulau sumatera). Hasil penelitian ditemukan 17 spesies mangrove dari 9 famili. Jenis mangrove tersebut terdiri dari 14 mangrove sejati dan 3 mangrove ikutan yaitu pandan (P. tectorius), waru laut (Thespesia populnea), dan ketapang (Terminalia catappa). Analisis nilai penting jenis mangrove di KKPD Taman Pulau Kecil Tapanuli Tengah menunjukkan bahwa Rizophora, Xilocarpus, dan Bruguiera memiliki pengaruh dan peran yang besar dalam komunitas vegetasi mangrove. Mangrove di KKPD Taman Pulau Kecil Tapanuli Tengah termasuk kategori baik. Namun kondisi dan status mangrove di Teluk Tapian Nauli lebih baik dengan kerapatan rata-rata 3,120 ind/ha dibanding di Pulau Mursala dan sekitarnya dengan kerapatan rata-rata 2,356 ind/ha.Kata kunci: Mangrove, Kawasan konservasi perairan, Pulau Mursala, Teluk Tapian Nauli
Biologi reproduksi udang mantis Cloridopsis scorpio di ekosistem mangrove Belawan, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Dimenta Rivo Hasper , Machrizal Rusdi , Khairul Khairul , Hasibuan Rosmidah , Manurung Aini Qomariah , Ihsan Mahya 
Published: March 2021

Anthropogenic activities that tend to be exploitative in the mangrove ecosystem of Belawan are thought to have an impact on the biota associated with the ecosystem. One of the impacts is thought to be implied by mantis shrimp Cloridopsis scorpio (Latreile, 1828). The reproductive biology of the shrimp is the main object that needs to be studied in relation to the impacts. This study aims to determine the distribution of gonad maturity stage, gonad somatic index, and the length of the first mature of C. scorpio in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Belawan, North Sumatera. The research was conducted on March to May 2019 with a biweekly sampling period. The purposive random sampling was applied to choose three sampling stations in the research location. Mantis shrimp samples were caught using shrimp trawl. The result showed that the gonad maturity stage of males and females were dominated by Stage I. The gonad somatic index (GSI) range of males were 7.00-10.93 and female were 7.40-11.15. The GSI value of C. scorpio is closely related to its gonad maturity development. The length of the first mature (L50) of males were 205.50±10.65 mmBL and females were 186.0±10.48 mmBL.Keywords: Cloridopsis scorpio, Gonad maturity stage, Gonad somatic indeks, Length of the first mature ABSTRAKAktivitas antropogenik yang cenderung eksploitatif di kawasan ekosistem mangrove Belawan diduga telah berdampak terhadap biota-biota yang berasosiasi dengan ekosistem tersebut. Salah satu dampaknya dialami oleh udang mantis Cloridopsis scorpio (Latreile, 1828). Aspek reproduksi C. scorpio menjadi salah satu objek yang perlu dikaji berkaitan dengan dampak tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sebaran tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG), indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (L50) dari C. scorpio di ekosistem mangrove Belawan, Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2019 dengan periode pengambilan sampel dua mingguan. Metode purposive random sampling digunakan untuk menentukan tiga stasiun pengambilan sampel di lokasi penelitian. Sampel C. scorpio ditangkap menggunakan pukat udang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi TKG C. scorpio jantan dan betina didominasi oleh TKG I. Nilai IKG C. scorpio jantan berkisar antara 7,00-10,93 dan C. scorpio betina berkisar antara 7,40-11,15. Nilai IKG C. scorpio berkaitan dengan tahap perkembangan gonadnya. C. scorpio jantan mengalami pertama kali matang gonad (L50) pada ukuran 205,50±10,65 mmBL dan C. scorpio betina pada ukuran 186,00±10,48 mmBL.Kata kunci: Cloridopsis scorpio, TKG, IKG, Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad
Tinjauan kepustakaan tentang pengembangan kriopreservasi sperma ikan asli Indonesia
Authors: Maulida Siti , Nur Firman M. , Eriani Kartini , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin 
Published: March 2021

Sperm cryopreservation is one of the methods in preserving germplasm and avoid the extinction of native fish. The success of this technique requires proper use of protocol because each species needs a different response to certain protocols. However, very limited of works have been done in Indonesian fish; Presently, there were only 9 species of freshwater, namely; Channa striata, Chromobotia macracanthus, Barbonymus gonionotus, Mystus nemurus, Osphronemus goramy, Osteochilus hasseltii atau Osteochilus vittatus, Poropontius tawarensis, Rasbora tawarensis, and Tor soro, and one species marine fish Ephinephelus lanceolatus have been successfully developed the cryopreservation protocols. The objective of this review paper is to summarized and evaluate the best protocol for sperm cryopreservation of above species The reviewed aspects are including the type of extender and cryoprotectant, freezing process (storage time and temperature), thawing (thawing time and temperature) and observations (including the percentage of motility, viability, abnormality, fertility, and hatching rate). Keywords: Extender, Cryoprotectant, Freezing, Thawing ABSTRAKKriopreservasi sperma adalah salah satu cara untuk melestarikan plasma nutfah Indonesia sehingga dapat terhindar dari kepunahan. Keberhasilan kriopreservasi sangat tergantung pada protokol yang digunakan, karena setiap spesies memiliki respon yang berbeda terhadap protokol tertentu. Namun sayangnya sangat sedikit penelitian terkait kriopreservasi sperma ikan-ikan asli Indonesia. Sampai saat ini hanya 9 spesies ikan air tawar (Channa striata, Chromobotia macracanthus, Barbonymus gonionotus, Mystus nemurus, Osphronemus goramy, Osteochilus hasseltii atau Osteochilus vittatus, Poropontius tawarensis, Rasbora tawarensis, dan Tor soro) dan satu spesies ikan laut Ephinephelus lanceolatus yang telah tersedia protokol kriopreservasi spermanya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mencoba merangkum dan mengevaluasi protokol terbaik dalam proses kriopreservasi masing-masing spesies yang tersebut diatas. Aspek yang direview adalah jenis extender, krioprotektan, proses freezing (lama penyimpanan sperma dan suhu), thawing (lama thawing dan suhu) dan data hasil pengamatan (meliputi persentase motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas, fertilitas dan hatching rate.Kata kunci: Extender, Krioprotektan, Freezing, Thawing
Inline holographic inscription of diffractive lenses in azobenzene molecular glass thin films
Authors: Leibold James , Sabat Ribal Georges 
Published: March 2021

A simple inline holographic setup is used to fabricate holographic diffractive lenses using off-the-shelf components. The resulting surface relief gratings are inscribed directly in azobenzene-functionalized thin films with pitches that agree well with a theoretical Fresnel zone plate. The annular gratings have an outer radius of approximately 9 mm and an inner radius of less than 4 mm. Interfering laser beams, circularly polarized in the same direction, generally produce poor-quality gratings in azo-films, but the addition of a reference beam lens greatly improved their consistency and produced quality gratings with depths up to 400 nm. Multiple exposures produce multifocal diffractive lenses, while angling the sample resulted in focal lines, instead of focal points.
Louse-borne relapsing fever—A systematic review and analysis of the literature: Part 2—Mortality, Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction, impact on pregnancy
Authors: Kahlig Pascal , Neumayr Andreas , Paris Daniel H. 
Published: March 2021

Louse-borne relapsing fever (LBRF) is a classical epidemic disease, which in the past was associated with war, famine, poverty, forced migration, and crowding under poor hygienic conditions around the world. The disease’s causative pathogen, the spirochete bacteriumBorrelia recurrentis, is confined to humans and transmitted by a single vector, the human body lousePediculus humanus corporis. Since the disease was at its peak before the days of modern medicine, many of its aspects have never been formally studied and to date remain incompletely understood. In order to shed light on some of these aspects, we have systematically reviewed the accessible literature on LBRF since the recognition of its mode of transmission in 1907, and summarized the existing data on mortality, Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction (JHR), and impact on pregnancy.Publications were identified by using a predefined search strategy of electronic databases and a subsequent review of the reference lists of the obtained publications. All publications reporting patients with a confirmed diagnosis of LBRF published in English, French, German, and Spanish since 1907 were included. Data extraction followed a predefined protocol and included a grading system to judge the certainty of the diagnosis of reported cases.The high mortality rates often found in literature are confined to extreme scenarios. The case fatality rate (CFR) of untreated cases is on average significantly lower than frequently assumed. In recent years, a rise in the overall CFRs is documented, for which reasons remain unknown.Lacking standardized criteria, a clear diagnostic threshold defining antibiotic treatment-induced JHR does not exist. This explains the wide range of occurrence rates found in literature. Pre-antibiotic era data suggest the existence of a JHR-like reaction also in cases treated with arsenicals and even in untreated cases.LBRF-related adverse outcomes are observed in 3 out of 4 pregnancies.
Two birds with one stone.–Addressing depressive symptoms, emotional tension and worry improves tinnitus-related distress and affective pain perceptions in patients with chronic tinnitus
Authors: Boecking Benjamin , Rose Matthias , Brueggemann Petra , Mazurek Birgit 
Published: March 2021

Background
Psychological factors link the co-occurrence of tinnitus-related distress and pain perceptions in patients with chronic tinnitus.

Objective
This study examines, if treatment-related changes in these factors ameliorate both tinnitus-related distress and pain perceptions in a sample of patients with chronic tinnitus.

Methods
N = 1238 patients with chronic tinnitus provided pre- and post-treatment ratings of tinnitus-related distress and affective or sensory pain perceptions alongside measures of depressive symptoms and perceived stress. Treatment comprised an intensive tinnitus-specific multimodal treatment program. Using serial indirect-effects analyses, we examined association patterns between baseline values and change rates of those variables that were found to respond to treatment.

Results
Small effect sizes emerged for changes in tinnitus-related distress, affective (but not sensory) pain perceptions, depressive symptoms, emotional tension and worry. At pre- or post-treatment respectively, baseline values and change rates intercorrelated. Across timepoints, (1) baseline tinnitus-related distress and affective pain perceptions were positively associated with improvements in tinnitus-related distress, affective pain perceptions and depressive symptoms. (2) Baseline depressive symptoms or emotional tension mediated positive associations between baseline tinnitus-related distress and improvement in affective pain perceptions. (3) Change in depressive symptoms mediated the effect of baseline tinnitus-related distress on change in affective pain perceptions–partly through associated change in emotional tension or worry. Mood-independent aspects of emotional tension were negatively associated with improvement in affective pain perceptions.

Conclusions
Depressive symptoms, emotional tension and worry emerge as key predictors of treatment response and transdiagnostic treatment targets for alleviating tinnitus-related distress and functionally associated affective pain perceptions.
Using Point of Care Testing to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness in the English primary care sentinel surveillance network
Authors: de Lusignan Simon , Hoang Uy , Liyanage Harshana , Tripathy Manasa , Sherlock Julian , Joy Mark , Ferreira Filipa , Diez-Domingo Javier , Clark Tristan 
Published: March 2021

Introduction
Rapid Point of Care Testing (POCT) for influenza could be used to provide information on influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) as well as influencing clinical decision-making in primary care.

Methods
We undertook a test negative case control study to estimate the overall and age-specific (6 months-17 years, 18–64 years, ≥65 years old) IVE against medically attended POCT-confirmed influenza. The study took place over the winter of 2019–2020 and was nested within twelve general practices that are part of the Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC), the English sentinel surveillance network.

Results
648 POCT were conducted. 193 (29.7%) of those who were swabbed had received the seasonal influenza vaccine. The crude unadjusted overall IVE was 46.1% (95% CI: 13.9–66.3). After adjusting for confounders the overall IVE was 26.0% (95% CI: 0–65.5). In total 211 patients were prescribed an antimicrobial after swab testing. Given a positive influenza POCT result, the odds ratio (OR) of receiving an antiviral was 21.1 (95%CI: 2.4–182.2, p = <0.01) and the OR of being prescribed an antibiotic was 0.6 (95%CI: 0.4–0.9, p = <0.01).

Discussion
Using influenza POCT in a primary care sentinel surveillance network to estimate IVE is feasible and provides comparable results to published IVE estimates. A further advantage is that near patient testing of influenza is associated with improvements in appropriate antiviral and antibiotic use. Larger, randomised studies are needed in primary care to see if these trends are still present and to explore their impact on outcomes.
Investigating the white matter correlates of reading performance: Evidence from Chinese children with reading difficulties
Authors: Wang Natalie Yu-Hsien , Wang Hsiao-Lan Sharon , Liu Yi-Chun , Chang Yi-Peng Eve , Weng Jun-Cheng 
Published: March 2021

PurposeReading comprehension is closely associated with word recognition, particularly at the early stage of reading development. This association is reflected in children with reading difficulties (RD) who demonstrate poor reading comprehension along with delayed word recognition or reduced recognition accuracy. Although the neural mechanisms underlying reading comprehension and word recognition are well studied, few has investigated the white matter (WM) structures that the two processes potentially share.MethodsTo explore the issue, behavioral scores (word recognition & reading comprehension) and diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) were acquired from Chinese-speaking children with RD and their age-matched typically developing children. WM structures were measured with generalized fractional anisotropy and normalized quantitative anisotropy to optimize fiber tracking precision.ResultsThe children with RD performed significantly poorer than the typically developing children in both behavioral tasks. Between group differences of WM structure were found in the right superior temporal gyrus, the left medial frontal gyrus, the left medial frontal gyrus, and the left caudate body. A significant association between reading comprehension and Chinese character recognition and the DSI indices were found in the corpus callosum. The findings demonstrated the microstructural difference between children with and without reading difficulties go beyond the well-established reading network. Further, the association between the WM integrity of the corpus callosum and the behavioral scores reveals the involvement of the WM structure in both tasks.ConclusionIt suggests the two reading-related skills have partially overlapped neural mechanism. Associating the corpus callosum with the reading skills leads to the reconsideration of the right hemisphere role in the typical reading process and, potentially, how it compensates for children with reading difficulties.
Non-stationary Navier–Stokes equations in 2D power cusp domain
Authors: Pileckas Konstantin , Raciene Alicija 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The initial boundary value problem for the non-stationary Navier-Stokes equations is studied in 2D bounded domain with a power cusp singular point O on the boundary. We consider the case where the boundary value has a nonzero flux over the boundary. In this case there is a source/sink in O and the solution necessary has infinite energy integral. In the first part of the paper the formal asymptotic expansion of the solution near the singular point was constructed. In this, second part, the constructed asymptotic decomposition is justified, i.e., existence of the solution which is represented as the sum of the constructed asymptotic expansion and a term with finite energy norm is proved. Moreover, it is proved that the solution represented in this form is unique.
ctDNA from body fluids is an adequate source for EGFR biomarker testing in advanced lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pérez-Barrios Clara , Sánchez-Herrero Estela , Garcia-Simón Natalia , Barquín Miguel , Clemente Mariola Blanco , Provencio Mariano , Romero Atocha 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) biomarker testing using blood-based liquid biopsies remains challenging due to the low concentration of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in certain plasma samples. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness for EGFR biomarker testing of ctDNA from pleural effusions, cerebrospinal fluids, ascites and pericardial effusions obtained during the clinical management of lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Methods
For comparison purposes, 23 paired plasma and body fluid samples were collected from 17 patients with EGFR-positive lung adenocarcinoma. After circulating free DNA (cfDNA) isolation, samples were evaluated for the initial EGFR-sensitizing mutation and the p.T790M resistance mutation by array-based digital PCR (dPCR).

Results
Body fluids had more cfDNA than plasma samples (1.90 vs. 0.36 ng/µL; p=0.0130), and more samples tested positive for EGFR mutations (21 vs. 16 samples), with a total of 28 vs. 22 variants detected. Furthermore, mutant allele frequencies (MAFs) observed in body fluids were significantly higher than those assessed in the paired plasma samples for EGFR-sensitizing mutations (median MAFs = 15.8 vs. 0.8%; p=0.0004) as well as for the p.T790M resistance mutation (median MAFs = 8.69 vs. 0.16%; p=0.0390). Importantly, two patients who had progressed on first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors with a dubious result for p.T790M plasma (MAFs = 0.11%) had an indisputably positive result in their respective body fluid samples (MAFs = 10.25 and 9.66%).

Conclusions
ctDNA derived from body fluids is an informative source for EGFR biomarker testing, with greater sensitivity than plasma samples.