bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hyperglycemic Blood Mimicking Fluid with Good Acoustic and Physical Properties for In-Vitro Ultrasound Flow Studies
Authors: Dakok Kyermang Kyense , Matjafri M. Z. , Suardi Nursakinah , Sirisena Anil U.I , Oglat Ammar A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundA blood mimicking fluid (BMF) is made up of a mixture fluid and ultrasound scattering particles that stay neutrally buoyant in the fluid. For these particles to be able to remain suspended in the fluid, their density must be very close or equal to the density of the mixture fluid and the BMF must also have its acoustic properties (speed of sound, attenuation and backscatter power) and physical properties (density and viscosity) close to the internationally acceptable standard. This paper introduces D(+)-Glucose (DG) as an important component of a mixture fluid consisting of Propylene Glycol (PG) and water for preparing a hyperglycemic blood mimicking fluid (BMF). MethodologyThe BMF was prepared by first preparing different samples of ternary mixture fluids in which a fixed amount of PG was mixed with various amounts of water and DG to get a particular and suitable percentage combination that yielded a density similar to that of poly (4-methylstyrene) scatter particles. A required amount of the scatter particles was mixed with the suitable mixture fluid to form a BMF with good physical and acoustic properties accepted by the International Electrochemical Commission. ResultsA very good BMF was produced consisting of 84% distilled water, 5% of PG and 11% of DG as the ternary mixture fluid mixed with 0.8% Poly (4-methylstyrene) scatter particles. It has a density of 1.040 g/cm3, viscosity of 4.30 mpa.s, speed of sound of 1580 m/s and attenuation of 0.017 dB/cm at 5MHz, having a good back scatter property. ConclusionDG is a good substance that forms part of the ternary mixture fluid for the preparation of a hyperglycemic BMF with suitable physical and acoustic properties.
Inhibition of the Long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 attenuates pathogenic ferroptosis by sponging miR-150-5p to activate CCND2 against diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ni Tingjuan , Chen Xiaorong , Huang Xingxiao , Pan Sunlei , Lu Zhongqiu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) needs to be responsible for the increasing morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients with heart failure. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of DCM has yet to be elaborate. Here we investigate the important role of lncRNA-ZFAS1 in the pathological process of DCM associated with ferroptosis.
Methods

Microarray data analysis of DCM in the patients or mice model from GEO was presented that ZFAS1 was significantly upregulated, miR-150-5p and CCND2 were significantly downregulated. High glucose (HG)-treated cardiomyocytes and db/db mice were simulated DCM in vitro and in vivo. Ad-ZFAS1, Ad-sh-ZFAS1, mimic miR-150-5p, Ad-CCND2, Ad-sh-CCND2 were injected into mice model or transfected into HG-treated Cardiomyocytes to clarify whether ZFAS1 can regulate miR-150-5p and CCND2 on ferroptosis. Effect of ZFAS1 on the left ventricular myocardial tissues in db/db mice and HG-treated cardiomyocytes, ferroptosis and apoptosis was determined by Masson staining, immunohistochemical staining, western blot, MBB staining, immunofluorescence staining and JC-1staining. The relationship among ZFAS1, miR-150-5p, CCND2 was identified by dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA Pull-down assay.
Results

Inhibition of ZFAS1 led to the reduced collagen deposition, decreased cardiomyocytes apoptosis, ferroptosis and attenuated the DCM progress. ZFAS1 can sponge miR-150-5p to regulate CCND2 expression. Ad-sh-ZFAS1, miR-150-5p mimic and Ad-CCND2 transfection contributed to attenuate ferroptosis and DCM both in vitro and in vivo, while transfection Ad-ZFAS1could reverse the positive effect of miR-150-5p mimic and Ad-CCND2 both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusion

lncRNA-ZFAS1 acted as a ceRNA to sponge miR-150-5p can regulate CCND2 to promote cardiomyocytes ferroptosis and developed DCM, and inhibition of ZFAS1 could be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of DCM.
Novel Dynamic Scaling (NDS) Algorithm to Balance Energy Level in Eiot For Efficient Cloud Computing Process
Authors: Kumar M Vinoth , Ram R Saravana , Abouhawwash Mohamed , Nam Yunyoung , K Venkatachalam , Padhy Venkat 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The cloud computing is very efficient platform for storing and processing huge data applications. IoT, Edge computing models helps the cloud infrastructure for processing data with less network latencies, efficient data processing with minimum energy consumption for better infrastructure. More researches on cloud computing process makes them matured in providing best services to the users. Also IT services on cloud have developed rapidly. The different cloud services have different energy level with is memory, processing speed, bandwidth and system capability. The users have different data and requirements to process their job. Process of finding the best resources with less energy consumption is main goal of our proposed article. The edge devices, IoT devices first focused to help cloud architecture. Edge and IoT are promising supportive technology to address the NP hard problems like less latency and consume less energy during data transfer. However, when the information and data are increasing in cloud, it’s very difficult to solve the energy consumption problem in heterogeneous cloud infrastructure. In our proposed work edge server clouds and central server clouds works collaboratively for reducing the energy consumption. in this article we implemented the novel dynamic speed (NDS) scaling algorithm . This NDS algorithm computes the workload of CPU for particular data application. The speed processor scaling is a methodology used for consuming less energy and gaining less rates. if processing speed is high then energy consumption will be higher vise versa if processing speed is low then energy consumption will be less. This ideology is developed using NDS algorithm in edge cloud devices to compute data using less energy. The proposed algorithm is compared with existing energy saving algorithms and its efficiency is better than other algorithms is evaluated.
Location-sharing Protocol for Privacy Protection in Mobile Online Social Networks
Authors: Ruan Ou , Zhang Lixiao , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Location-based services are becoming more and more popular in mobile online social networks(mOSNs) for smart cities, but users' privacy also has aroused wide concern, such as locations, friend sets and other private information. At present, many protocols have been proposed, but these protocols are inefficient and ignore some security risks. In the paper, we present a new location sharing protocol, which solves these two issues by using symmetric/asymmetric encryption properly. We adopt the following methods to reduce the communication and computation costs: only setting up one location server; connecting social network server and location server directly instead of through cellular towers; avoiding broadcast encryption. We introduce dummy identities to protect users' identity privacy, and prevent locationserver from inferring users' activity tracks by updating dummy identities in time. The details of security and performance analysis with the related protocols show that our protocol enjoys two advantages: (1) it's more efficient than the related protocols, which greatly reduces the computation and communication costs; (2) it satisfies all security goals, however, most previous protocols only meet some security goals.
Quality of Life and Its Correlates Among Clients Visiting Antiretroviral Therapy Clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Shimels Tariku , Bogale Gelila , Asrat Rodas , Gedif Teferi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: As a chronic illness with potential complications in physical, emotional, social, and economic aspects, HIV poses deterioration in patients’ quality of life.The aim of this study was to assess status of the functional and current quality of life, and associated factors among clients visiting ART clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A multi-site cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2020. All adults with HIV and on active ART at least for 6 months earlier to the study period, and visiting the selected public health facilities were considered. Facilities were selected purposively, and clients were enrolled using a systematic random sampling technique after a proportion to size allocation. Data were collected using a modified and translated questionnaire of the EQ 5D and EQ-VAS. The analysis was done using SPSS v.26 for windows. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric inferential tests namely; Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test, and Spearman’s correlation tests were carried out to test the presence of correlates with dependent variables. Ethical approval was sought from Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College and Addis Ababa regional health bureau. Results: Out of 371 clients, the majority were from health centers (58%), aged 43 years or below (54%), males (63%), either with primary or secondary education (61%) and married (46.6%) while half were either government or private employees. Pain/discomfort and depression/anxiety were the dimensions most affected with predominance in the age group above 43. The mean score of EQ 5D index values was 0.87 (SD: ±0.05; 95% C.I; 0.86-0.87) and that of EQ-VAS was 81 (SD: ±15, 95% C.I: 80-83). About 38% and 43% of the clients showed an altered health state of any degree in functional and current overall status respectively. Comorbidity, history of current substance use, facility type, social support, and sleep disturbance showed a statistically significant correlation with the functional and current overall health status. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of clients have altered functional and overall health status with pain/discomfort and depression/anxiety most affected. Inclusion of multidisciplinary treatment for HIV and the highlighting of psychosocial issues that are likely amongst this group are warranted.
The Use of Dalbavancin for Primary Bloodstream Infections and Infectious Endocarditis: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Evins Connor , MS- Harrison Lancaster , Schnee Amanda E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Dalbavancin is a semisynthetic antibiotic used as an alternative to vancomycin for skin infections as well as osteomyelitis. It is particularly useful due to its safety profile as well as long half-life, which allows for weekly outpatient infusions. This decreases the need for patients to have long term IV access and reduces hospital stays. This study analyzes the effectiveness of Dalbavancin for bacteremia and infective endocarditis Methods: Upon IRB approval, the authors performed a retrospective chart analysis on patients who fit our inclusion criteria between 2014 and 2020. Their hospitalizations were analyzed for demographics, medical history, indication, and follow up. The results were then analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Our cohort had 23 patients treated with Dalbavancin for endocarditis or bloodstream infections. There were no reported side effects from the medication, no readmissions for worsened infection, and no deaths from the infection. 11 patients were treated due to refusal of medical care, and 15 patients had follow-up visits within 90 days. Conclusions: Overall, patients responded well. The lack of readmission to the hospital is promising as it indicates a possible outpatient treatment. This would help decrease cost and comorbidities of long-term hospital stays. These positive results are limited by small sample size and treatment of other antibiotics prior to receiving Dalbavancin. Further research is required to accurately estimate the efficacy of Dalbavancin on bloodstream infections and endocarditis, but these results are promising especially for patients who are not candidates for long term hospitalization or IV access.
A Preliminary Estimate of the Number of People who Inject Drugs in Cherokee Nation using Capture-Recapture Methods
Authors: Feder Molly , Winters Amanda , Essex Whitney , Mera Jorge 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Injection drug use is an important public health issue in the United States, and estimates indicate that American Indian and Alaska Native people are disproportionately affected. Injection drug use is also the leading cause of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the United States, attributable to over half of all cases, and contributes to 44% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in American Indian and Alaska Native females. Existing estimates of American Indian and Alaska Native people who inject drugs are limited. We aimed to estimate the number of people who inject drugs in Cherokee Nation.Methods: A two-sample, capture-recapture approach was used. The first data source was an abstraction of Cherokee Nation Health Services electronic medical records from February 2017 through December 2018. The second data source was an abstraction from Cherokee Nation’s HCV Elimination Program Database from August 2015 through December 2018. Individuals were included in the abstractions if they were asked if they had injected drugs in the past six months during their health visit. The indirect prevalence estimate of people who inject drugs was calculated in accordance with the UNAIDS/WHO Guidelines on Estimating the Size of Populations Most at Risk to HIV.Results: In total, 198 individuals across both data sources reported that they had injected drugs within the past six months. This included 123 unique individuals from the first source, 69 individuals from the second source, and six individuals who were included in both sources. Capture-recapture calculations indicated an estimate of 1,613 people who inject drugs (95% CI: 404, 2,821). Conclusions: This study was the first attempt at estimating the number of people who inject drugs in Cherokee Nation, and one of the few existing studies to estimate the number of American Indian/Alaska Native people who inject drugs in the United States. Gaining knowledge about the prevalence of people who inject drugs in Cherokee Nation will inform strategies to support addiction care and treatment among people who inject drugs living in Indian Country.
Associations of Midpoint of Sleep and Night Sleep Duration with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Rural Population: The Henan Rural Cohort
Authors: Zhai Zhihan , Liu Xiaotian , Zhang Haiqing , Dong Xiaokang , He Yaling , Niu Miaomiao , Pan Mingming , Wang Chongjian , Wang Xiaoqiong , Li Yuqian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The study aimed to explore the independent and combined associations of midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in areas with limited resources.Methods: A total of 37,276 participants (14,456 men and 22,820 women) were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort. Information on sleep were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate the relationship of the midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration with T2DM.Results: Of the 37276 included participants, 3580 subjects suffered from T2DM. The mean midpoint of sleep among Early, Intermediate and Late groups were 1.09 ± 0.39, 1.93 ± 0.24 and 2.95 ± 0.56, respectively. Compared to Intermediate group, adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of T2DM were 1.13 (1.04-1.22) and 1.16 (1.05-1.28) in Early group and Late group. Adjusted OR (95% CI) for T2DM compared with reference (7- h) was 1.27 (1.08-1.50) for longer (≥10 h) night sleep duration. The combination of late midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration (≥9 h) increased 39% (95% CI: 11%-75%) prevalence for T2DM. These associations were more obvious in women than men.Conclusions: Late and early midpoint of sleep and long night sleep duration were all associated with the higher odds of T2DM. Meanwhile, midpoint of sleep and night sleep duration might be jointly associated with a higher prevalence of T2DM. Sleep may be a modifiable behavior that has potential health implications for T2DM.Clinical Trail Registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 2015-07-06.
Extra Pulmonary Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients Were Less Likely to Lost From Follow-up: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Andargie Assefa , Molla Asressie , Tadese Fentaw , Zewdie Segenet 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Lost to follow-up is one of the causes of the development of acquired drug resistant tuberculosis. There is a gap in nationally representative information on lost to follow-up among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of lost to follow-up among patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia.Methods: Observational studies searched from PubMed, HINARI and CINAHL were screened for eligibility. After assessing the quality of studies, data were extracted using a checklist. The forest plot, Q-statistics and I2 were used to assess heterogeneity. We employed the random effects meta-analysis model to estimate the pooled prevalence and effects. The sources of heterogeneity were investigated using sub-group analysis and meta regression. Funnel plot with Egger’s and Begg’s tests were employed to detect publication bias. Results: The review was performed among 11 studies of which 9 were cohort studies. The sample sizes ranged from 90 to 612 and comprised a total of 3,510 participants. The pooled prevalence of lost to follow-up was 8.66% (95% CI, 5.01-13.14) with a high heterogeneity (I2=93.49%, p<0.001). Pulmonary drug resistant tuberculosis patients were 50% less likely to loss from follow-up compared to extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients (OR= 0.50, 95% CI 0.27, 0.96). Conclusion: The prevalence of lost to follow-up among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia was substantial. Anatomical site of tuberculosis had a significant effect on lost to follow-up. Strengthening the health care system and patient education should be given a due emphasis.
Effect of Acupuncture on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Animal Models: Study Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gao Jinjin , Li Wei , Li Yangyang , Li Yan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. As a widely used complementary and alternative therapy, acupuncture is increasingly used to treat PCOS. However, the effect of acupuncture in treating PCOS is uncertain and the mechanisms are unclear. This systematic review aims to determine the efficacy of acupuncture on PCOS in animal preclinical models.Methods: We will search the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database. We will only include animal experiments of acupuncture in treating PCOS. The primary outcome will be homeostatic model assessment- insulin resistance. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool. Confidence in the cumulative evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. All meta-analyses will be conducted using Review Manager 5.4. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, the use of acupuncture in treating PCOS has not yet been systematically reviewed in animal models. The evidence generated from this systematic review and meta-analysis could benefit future researches. Systematic review registration: OSF (Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/FNM37)
Mobile-application Intervention on Physical Activity of Pregnant Women in Iran During the COVID-19 Epidemic in 2020
Authors: Kiani Neda , Pirzadeh Asiyeh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Considering the low level of physical activity in pregnant women in the COVID-19 pandemic period and on the other hand the benefits of mobile app learning, we decided to conduct a study to determine the impact of educational intervention based on mobile app on physical activity in pregnant women.Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental and examined 93 pregnant women aged 16 to 20 weeks of gestation. Sampling was done on pregnant women participating in the childbirth preparation classes in Isfahan. We used the validated and reliable questionnaire including perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived enjoyment, perceived social support and Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ). The intervention was based on mobile app and the content of the application contained 12 main domains such as : description of physical activity and benefits and barriers of exercise in the pregnancy, different types of proper pregnancy exercise , planning for exercise, different types of exercise. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS20 and the Chi-square test, independent t-test Paired t-test were employed. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.05.Results: The results showed that after the intervention based on mobile app, the mean score of perceived benefits and enjoyment were significantly higher than before the intervention in the intervention group. Finally total mean score of physical activity significantly increased in the intervention group, while the change decreased in the control group.Conclusion: The results indicated that the use of mobile app can be used to promote physical activity in pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended that mobile app education should apply with face-to-face classes in health centers for physical activity in pregnant women in pandemic situation.
MicroRNA-760&nbsp;Resists Ambient PM2.5-induced&nbsp;Lung Injury Through Upregulating Heme-oxygenase 1 Expression
Authors: Xu Lin , Zhao Qianwen , Li Daochuan , Luo Jiao , Ma Wanli , Jin Yuan , Li Chuanhai , Cheng Jing , Zhao kungming , Chen Wen , Zheng Yuxin , Yu Dianke 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: PM2.5 (particles matter smaller aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm ) exposure, as one major environmental risk factor for the global burden of disease, is associated with high risks of respiratory diseases and lung cancer. Heme-oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) has been considered as one of the major molecular antioxidant defenses to mediate cytoprotective effects against diverse stressors, including PM2.5-induced toxicity and SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, the regulatory mechanism of HMOX1 expression still needs to be elucidated. In this study, using PM2.5 as a typical stressor, we explored whether microRNAs (miRNAs) might modulate HMOX1 expression in lung cells. Results: Systematic bioinformatics analysis showed that seven miRNAs have the potential to target HMOX1 gene. Among these, hsa-miR-760 was identified as a response miRNA to PM2.5 exposure. More importantly, we revealed a “non-conventional” miRNA function in hsa-miR-760 upregulating HMOX1 expression, by targeting the coding region and interacting with YBX1 protein. In addition, we observed that exogenous hsa-miR-760 effectively elevated HMOX1 expression, reduced the reactive oxygen agents (ROS) levels, and then rescued the lung cells from PM2.5-induced apoptosis. Conclusion: Our results revealed that hsa-miR-760 might play an important role in protecting lung cells against PM2.5-induced toxicity, by elevating HMOX1 expression, and offered new clues to elucidate the diverse function of miRNAs.