bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN ANTENA TELEX HYGAIN 2 METER BAND MENJADI 3 x 5/8 λ DI FREKUENSI 144-147 MHz UNTUK KOMUNIKKASI AMATIR MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM PEMBALIK PHASE
Authors: Setiawan Setiawan , Zaini Raihana Nurul 
Published: February 2021

Penulisan ini membahas pengembangan antenna telex hy-gain V2R 2x5/8λ 2m band pada frequensi 144-146 Mhz menjadi 3x5/8λ, dengan metode menambahkan trap system pembalik pahsa dan penambahan elemen 5/8λ. Hal ini bertujuan agar antenna ini mendapatkan penguatan penerimaan Gain dan nilai return loss yang dihasilkan lebih baik. Dari table 2 dan tiga kali hasil pengukuran dan pengujian antenna telex Hy-gain V2R 2x5/8λ pada resonansi frequensi 144Mhz daya rata-rata yang diterima -35dBm, sehingga FUSB = 144.1 MHz dengan daya -38 dBm dan FLSB = 143.2 MHz dengan daya -38 dBm maka didapatlah bandwidth sebesar 200Khz. Sedangkan antena Hy-gain V2R yang dikembangkan dengan penggunaan trap sistem pembalik phasa menjadi 3 x 5/8 λ dari hasil tiga kali pengukuran pada tabel 3, pada resonansi frequensi 144Mhz mendapatkan daya sebesar -34dBm sehingga FUSB = 144.4 MHz dengan daya -37 dBm dan FLSB = 143.3 MHz dengan daya -37 dBm maka hasil pengembangan antena ini mendapatkan bandwidth 1.1khz. Hasil pengukuran dari pengembangan antena yang menggunakan sistem trap pembalik pahsa menghasikan Gain antenna sebesar 1dB dan retruns loss sebesar -4,15 dB, karena nilai return loss yang baik tidak lebih dari -9,54 dB.
Akurasi dalam Mendeteksi Penyakit Kulit Menular menggunakan gabungan Metode Forward Chaining dengan Certainty Factor
Authors: Aniago Deosa Putra C , Sumijan Sumijan , Santony Julius 
Published: February 2021

Kulit menjadi organ pelindung terluar bagi manusia yang paling sering berinteraksi, interaksi yang terjadi tidaklah selalu aman seperti interaksi pada bakteri, virus, jamur dan parasit. Interaksi yang buruk ini yang dapat menjadikan terjadinya penyakit kulit. Penyakit kulit sering kali dianggap lumrah terjadi, namun dalam beberapa kasus penyakit kulit dapat menjadi berbahaya dan mematikan , terlebih lagi penyakit kulit dapat menular. Kurangnya ketersediaan tenaga medis khususnya dokter spesialis penyakit kulit membuat penderita enggan dalam memeriksa kesehatan kulitnya. Dari permasalahan tersebut maka dibangunlah sebuah Sistem Pakar (Expert System) dalam membantu pasien menentukan jenis penyakit kulit dan penanganan yang tepat bagi penyakit tersebut dengan cepat berdasarkan gejala yang diarasakan oleh pasien tersebut. Dalam mendukung pembangunan aplikasi ini menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining (FC) untuk penelusuran dari gejala – gejala yang dirasakan pasien dalam bentuk pertanyaan, selanjutnya penelusuran tersebut akan diolah menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor (CF) untuk menentukan nilai keyakinan dari jenis penyakit kulit yang diderita oleh pasien. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menampilkan jenis penyakit kulit menular yang diderita oleh pasien, solusi dan penanganan pasien serta dilakukan perhitungan Algoritma Certainty Factor (CF) nilai keyakinan dari jenis penyakit kulit menular yang diderita. Dari hasil CF pasien penyakit kulit menular dapat menentukan langkah awal yang tepat dalam menangani penyakit kulit menular menggunakan aplikasi Sistem Pakar Penyakit Kulit Menular.
WORK SAMPLING METHODS DALAM ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA KONTRUKSI PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG
Authors: Desfita Mediana , Hamid Fadlan 
Published: February 2021

Permasalahan keterlambatan pelaksanaan pembangunan Proyek gedung sering dijumpai. kontraktor dalam merencanakan schedule pembangunan kurang mempertimbangkan produktivitas tenaga kerja. Produktivitas pekerja merupakan salah satu unsur utama dalam menentukan keberhasilan pelaksanaan suatu proyek konstruksi. Lemahnya pertimbangan produktivitas tenaga kerja disebabkan karena masalah produktivitas di proyek sangat komplek dan adanya faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhinya. Sehingga pertimbangan nilai produktivitas yang dilakukan para kontraktor sulit mendekati nilai produktivitas aktual. konsep work sampling method sesuai untuk mengukur produktivitas tenaga kerja dalam proyek konstruksi. Lebih lanjut di harapkan dapat memberikan gambaran nilai suatu produktivitas yang sebernarnya yang tidak terlepas dari berbagai faktor yang hambatan-hambatan yang mungkin terjadi pada pekerjaan tersebut. Sehingga dapat diusulkan usaha-usaha untuk meningkatkan produktivitas yang diharapkan dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan dilapangan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan langsung ke lapangan untuk mendapatkan besarnya produktivitas. Menggunakan Work sampling methods untuk mengukur produktivitas para pekerja pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Perkuliahan Baiturrahmah ukuran produktivitas yang didapat dari analisa ini adalah labor utilization rate (LUR). Pada proyek ini ada dua jenis pekerjaan yang diamati yaitu pekerjaan bekisting dan pembesian. Penelitian ini juga melihat LUR berdasarkan jam kerja (pagi dan sore). Untuk jam pagi pekerjan pembesi 61.87 % dan bekisting 59.89 %, pada jam sore pekerjaan pembesian 53.73 % dan bekisting 52.82 %, total keseluruhan pembesian 57.79 % dan bekisting 56.34. hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa pada pagi hari pekerja lebih produktif dibanding pada sore hari
Results of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ayesha Jawad  , Ayisha Kausar  , Saira Iftikhar  , Nadia Akhtar  , Zafar Rabbani  
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the success rate of endoscopic endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy
Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Shifa Foundation Community Health Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan, from Oct 2017 to Sep 2019. The patients with chronic dacryocystitis who underwent endoscopic endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) were enrolled. Data for demographic information and clinical features (mucocele, deviated nasal septum, epiphora, purulent discharge and regurgitation test, history of acute dacryocystitis and probing and syringing etc.) was noted. Endoscopic DCR with or without lacrimal intubation was performed under general anesthesia. Patients were reviewed at post-operative week1, 1 month, 6 months and 12 months with documentation of epiphora, purulent discharge, need for syringing, nasal adhesions etc. Telephonic interviews were done in cases of missing data. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS 20.0.
Results: The study enrolled 47 patients, majority of them were females (87.2%). The mean age of patients was 40.70 ± SD 10.84 yrs, Range 25-66 yrs.. Minimum postoperative follow up period was 12 months; mean duration (14.53 ± 3.0 months). Lacrimal intubation was performed in 31 (66%) patients. Nasal endoscopy was performed and lacrimal tubes were removed after 6 months post operatively. Surgical success was achieved in 46 (97.9%) patients: 37 (78.7 %) patients were completely symptom free, 9 (19.1%) were partially symptomatic and were managed conservatively. Treatment failure requiring repeat surgical procedure was observed in only one patient (2.1%).
Continuous...
Recomendaciones de la Comisión de la Verdad, la oportunidad perdida
Authors: Hernández Claudia María 
Published: February 2021

Las recomendaciones de la Comisión de la Verdad suponían una oportunidad para superar la debilidad del Estado en materia de proteger a la población procurándole seguridad y justicia, y, de este modo, superar los grandes obstáculos que propician la impunidad. El incumplimiento —total en muchos casos y parcial en otros— de estas recomendaciones impactó en algunas variables de la violencia que vive la sociedad en la actualidad.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 68, No. 733, 2013: 161-172.
Are ambulance drivers exposed to loud siren noise within their ambulances? Identifying the risks involved.
Authors: Aslam Shiraz , Muhammad Akhlaq  , Bilal Hussain  , Farooq Tajjamal Khan  , Lamia Yusuf  , Asif Mahmood  
Published: February 2021

Objective To identify the risk to the ambulance drivers from the siren systems of their rescue vehicles.
Study design This was a cross sectional study.
Place duration This study was carried out at two rescue centres, namely, Gulberg and Johar Town areas of Lahore, where the ambulances were parked.
Methodology A sound pressure meter was used to measure the sound intensity inside and in the vicinity of the ambulance in use. This was done in two centers in Lahore in 10 vehicles.
Result It was evident that the ambulance drivers are constantly exposed to unsuitable and noxious levels of noise which can over time damage their hearing. A recommendation is contributed regarding hearing assessment for ambulance drivers and their compulsory periodical hearing assessment.
Conclusion
The sirens in the Pakistani ambulances have almost the same sound intensity levels as the ones abroad which can have a damaging effect on the inner ear. Pakistani ambulance drivers should wear ear protection while in their vehicles to protect against ear damage.
Kaip Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės ir Abiejų Tautų Respublikos parlamentarizmas atskleistas šiandieniuose istorijos vadovėliuose?
Authors: Kostinienė Nelė 
Published: February 2021

Pagal Lietuvos Respublikoje šiuo metu veikiančias Bendrąsias ugdymo programas Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės ir Abiejų Tautų Respublikos istorijos mokiniai pradeda mokytis 5 klasėje, plečia istorijos supratimą 8–9 klasėse, o tie, kurie baigę 10 klasių pasirenka istorijos kursą, aukštesniu lygiu gilinasi 11 klasėje. Straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės ir Abiejų Tautų Respublikos parlamentarizmas atskleistas po Pagrindinio ugdymo bendrosios programos (2008) ir Vidurinio ugdymo istorijos programos (2011) atnaujinimo išleistuose istorijos vadovėliuose.
Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės ir Abiejų Tautų Respublikos parlamentarizmas šiame straipsnyje suvokiamas kaip valstybės įstatymais besiremianti valstybės piliečių (šiuo atveju – bajorų ir dvasininkų) politinė veikla, kuri XV a. antrojoje pusėje – XVI a. pirmojoje pusėje reiškėsi per Ponų tarybą, o XVI a. viduryje – XVIII a. pabaigoje – per įvairias luominio atstovavimo institucijas (Seimus, seimelius, konvokacijas, Vyriausiąjį Lietuvos tribunolą). Išanalizuoti keturių pagrindinių mokymosi priemones rengiančių leidyklų – „Briedis“, „Baltos lankos“, „Šviesa“ ir „Ugda“ – istorijos vadovėlių komplektai: du skirti 5 klasei, trys – 8 klasei, trys – 9 klasei, ir trys – 11 klasei (iš viso 11 vadovėlių komplektų).
ANALISIS DATA KUANTITATIF “EFEKITIVITAS METODE GRAPHOMOTOR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PESERTA DIDIK”
Authors: Muh Zulkifli  
Published: February 2021

Dari hasil observasi, ditemukan berbagai permasalahan yaitu, rendahnya kemampuan menulis peserta didik, kurang terlatihnya otot-otot tangan sehingga peserta didik cepat merasa letih ketika menulis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis data kuantitatif untuk mengetahui sejauhmana efektifitas metode graphomotor terhadap kemampuan menulis peserta didik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif eksperimen, dengan desain Pre Experimental Design. Hasil analisis data pre-test post-test dengan menggunakan rumus statistik uji t menunjukkan bahwa metode graphomotor efektif meningkatkan kemampuan menulis peserta didik. Ini terbukti setelah dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus statistik uji t diperoleh harga thitung > ttabel yaitu 21,56 > 2,12 dengan db =17 pada taraf signifikan 5 %
Internationale bevoegdheid van de Nederlandse rechter en de immuniteit van internationale organisaties
Authors: De Brabandere E.C.P.D.C. 
Published: February 2021

Internationale bevoegdheid van de Nederlandse rechter en de immuniteit van internationale organisaties – De uitspraak van het Hof van Justitie in Supreme/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE)
Op 3 september 2020 heeft het Hof van Justitie uitspraak gedaan in de zaak Supreme/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE). De zaak heeft betrekking op de internationale bevoegdheid van de Nederlandse rechter inzake een geschil tussen een reeks vennootschappen en een internationale organisatie. Naast de vraag of de Nederlandse rechter internationaal bevoegd is om kennis te nemen van een verzoek door een internationale organisatie tot opheffing van een conservatoir beslag, bespreken het arrest en deze noot de vraag of rekening gehouden moet worden met de immuniteit van executie van internationale organisaties.HvJ 3 september 2020, zaak C-186/19, ECLI:EU:C:2020:638 (Supreme/Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE)).
Renal Pathologic Spectrum in an Autopsy Series of Patients With Plasma Cell Dyscrasia
Authors: Herrera Guillermo A. , Joseph Lija , Gu Xin , Hough Aubrey , Barlogie Bart 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Context.—Renal dysfunction in plasma cell dyscrasias is common. It is the second most common cause of death in patients with myeloma.
Objective.—We evaluated 77 sequential autopsies performed on patients dying from complications of plasma cell dyscrasias during an 11-year period at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. These consisted of 15% of all the autopsies performed during this time.
Design.—The kidneys were evaluated by light microscopy using hematoxylin-eosin–stained sections as well as Congo red and thioflavin T stains when amyloidosis was in the differential diagnosis. Immunofluorescence was performed on selected cases.
Results.—The most common lesion identified was cast nephropathy (30%). Other findings included acute tubulopathy, AL-amyloidosis, light chain deposition disease, tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with monotypic light chain deposits, thrombotic microangiopathy, renal infarction, fungal infection, and plasma cell tumor nodules. Autolysis, an expected finding in autopsy evaluations, was significant in 25 cases.
Conclusions.—Renal lesions are heterogeneous in these patients. In some cases, combined pathologic lesions were noted. Myeloma cast nephropathy predominated among all the renal lesions noted.
Evaluation of Add-on Testing in the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory of a Large Academic Medical Center: Operational Considerations
Authors: Melanson Stacy Foran , Hsieh; Brian , Flood James G. , Lewandrowski Kent B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Context.—Physicians frequently request that additional tests be performed on an existing specimen (add-ons). In our institution, add-ons comprise approximately 1% of the specimen volume and require a disproportionate number of employees. Not only are add-on tests time-consuming and expensive, but storing routine specimens for 7 days in anticipation of add-ons consumes valuable laboratory space.
Design.—One hundred sixty add-on tests during a 1-week period were reviewed.
Objectives.—To analyze the pattern of add-on testing and determine methods to improve laboratory operations.
Results.—All add-on tests were ordered within 24 hours of receipt of the original specimen, even though specimens were retained for 7 days. At our institution, 1.5 full-time equivalents are required to complete add-on testing, which accounts for less than 1% of the specimen volume. The most common add-on tests recorded during the study period were hepatic and electrolyte/renal/glucose panels. The medicine service ordered more than 60% of the add-on tests. Five percent of add-on tests were caused by a lack of order communication, 64.7% of cardiac marker add-ons were not ordered according to the chest pain protocol, and certain ordering patterns were present.
Conclusions.—Routine specimens do not need to be retained for 7 days to accommodate add-on tests. Decreasing the storage time to 2 days would save space, while still maintaining regulatory compliance. Order communication with the laboratory, educating physicians about chest pain protocols, and instituting admission laboratory panels would decrease the number of add-ons in our hospital. This change would translate into a reduction in laboratory expenses and an improvement in operations.
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Small Intestine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Reid-Nicholson Michelle , Idrees Muhammed , Perino Giorgio , Hytiroglou Prodromos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the small bowel is rare; to our knowledge, 19 cases have been reported to date in the English literature under several names. We report an additional case occurring in the jejunum of a 55-year-old man. The tumor was a polypoid 7.5-cm mass, which infiltrated the full thickness of the intestinal wall and the serosa of an adhesed loop of small bowel. On microscopic examination, the neoplasm was composed of sheets of spindle cells; focally, an anaplastic component was present, including tumor giant cells with bizarre nuclei. On immunohistochemical stains, tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin AE1/AE3, vimentin, and focally, epithelial membrane antigen. No staining for cytokeratin 20 was found. Sarcomatoid carcinoma must be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of malignant spindle cell tumors of the small bowel. As consensus regarding the terminology of these rare tumors is being reached, immunohistochemical stains are essential for accurate diagnosis.
Cutting Injuries in an Academic Pathology Department
Authors: Pritt Bobbi S. , Waters Brenda L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractContext.—Cutting injuries pose an infrequent but serious threat to anatomic pathology personnel. Although cut-resistant gloves may reduce this danger, it is imperative to recognize specific behaviors that increase the chance of an injury.Objective.—To examine the incidence of cutting injuries in an academic pathology department and the mechanisms by which such injuries occurred.Design.—Hospital Report of Event forms completed for laboratory incidents of cutting injury from March 1998 to September 2003 were evaluated. Further information regarding the incidents was obtained, when possible, by interviews with those personnel involved.Setting.—A university-based pathology laboratory was the setting for this study. On average, 505 autopsies and 29 000 surgical specimens were processed each year during the 5.5-year time period.Participants.—Pathology attending physicians, residents, dieners, and pathologists' assistants who performed autopsies and surgical specimen examinations.Results.—Eight scalpel injuries occurred during the study period. No needle-stick injuries were reported. Searching for lymph nodes and cutting firm tissue each accounted for 3 of the injuries. Only 2 of the 8 individuals were in compliance with the departmental policy regarding protective glove wear. Hospital Report of Event forms alone failed to elicit sufficient detail regarding the mechanism of injury.Conclusions.—A laboratory-based form may be necessary to supplement the hospital form, so as to obtain full details of each injury. This information may then be disseminated to all who handle blades, with the goal of preventing future cutting injuries.
Uterine-like Mass With Features of an Extrauterine Adenomyoma Presenting 22 Years After Total Abdominal Hysterectomy–Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Redman Rachel , Wilkinson Edward J. , Massoll Nicole A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Adenomyoma is a benign tumor composed of smooth muscle and benign endometrium. These tumors typically originate within the uterus. An extrauterine adenomyoma is a rare entity. We report a uterine-like mass consistent with an extrauterine adenomyoma presenting 22 years following a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The mass was pear-shaped with uterine-type smooth muscle and a cavity lined by functional endometrial glands and stroma. To our knowledge, only 4 other cases of an extrauterine uterine-like mass are reported in the literature. Three involved the ovary, while one was located adjacent to the broad ligament with normal pelvic organs. Although none of these other uterus-like masses were described as adenomyomas with uterine-like features, the histologic findings are strikingly similar. An understanding of the müllerian system suggests that either an embryologic malformation or a differential multipotentiality existing in the subcoelomic tissues in response to hormonal stimulation results in a supernumerary müllerian structure like a uterus, as observed in this case. The presence of endometrial glands and stroma in the mass confirms that the tissues in this mass are hormonally responsive. It is most likely that this uterine-like mass arose from the tissues of the secondary müllerian system in response to estrogenic stimulation.
Prognostic Significance of Cyclooxygenase 2 Expression in 259 Cases of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Laga Alvaro C. , Zander Dani S. , Cagle Philip T. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Context.—Previous studies report that increased expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) correlates with poor clinical outcome in several malignancies, including non– small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors have been reported to effectively inhibit carcinogenesis in colon cancer experimental models.
Objective.—We examined COX-2 expression in 259 cases of NSCLC to evaluate its prognostic significance.
Design.—Sections of NSCLC from patients with a median 5-year follow-up were immunostained with COX-2 monoclonal antibody (1:150) using the Dako mouse EnVision;pl system. Extent of COX-2 expression in neoplastic cells was recorded as follows: 0, 0% to 10% of cells positive; 1, 11% to 33% positive; 2, 34% to 66% positive; and 3, more than 66% positive. Intensity was scored as either increased (+) or not increased (−), compared to internal control smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the relationship between survival and COX-2 expression, using the log-rank test for statistical significance.
Results.—No relationship was found between the extent and/or the intensity of COX-2 expression and patient survival when the entire cohort was considered. However, when separately analyzed according to disease stage and intensity of COX-2 expression, a significant relationship (P = .03) between increased COX-2 expression and shortened patient survival was found only in patients with stage I and II NSCLC.
Conclusions.—To our knowledge, this is the largest series of NSCLCs in which COX-2 has been investigated as a prognostic marker. The findings in this large series support previous studies of smaller cohorts that reported that increased COX-2 expression predicts poor outcome in patients with early-stage NSCLC.
Intraoperative Consultation, Cytologic Preparations, and Frozen Section in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Powell Suzanne Z. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Context.—Intraoperative evaluation of lesions in the central nervous system requires the correlation of clinical, radiologic, and histologic data and knowledge of clinicopathologic entities and their common locations. Advances in neuroimaging during the last 20 years have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system diseases. The diagnosis and treatment of patients have improved because of these changes and have allowed access to regions that were previously inaccessible. These new approaches have placed the pathologist in a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with central nervous system lesions. Assessment of the adequacy of the material, particularly for stereotactic biopsies, is necessary, and a combination of cytologic imprint preparations and frozen sections are often used. This review discusses many of the issues involved in intraoperative consultation and provides a simplified approach to the differential diagnosis of a variety of central nervous system lesions that may be encountered intraoperatively.
Objective.—To provide guidelines for and address potential pitfalls in the intraoperative management of the central nervous system.
Data Sources.—Author's experience and pertinent literature.
Conclusions.—Careful assessment of the gross specimen coupled with prudent use of frozen sections and cytologic imprint preparations is pivotal to reducing intraoperative error rates and preventing needless anxiety for the patient.