bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumatic dislocation of middle ear ossicles: A new computed tomography classification predicting hearing outcome
Authors: Mantokoudis Georgios , Schläpfer Njima , Kellinghaus Manuel , Hakim Arsany , von Werdt Moritz , Caversaccio Marco D. , Wagner Franca 
Published: February 2021

Objectives
To assess the feasibility of radiologic measurements and find out whether hearing outcome could be predicted based on computer tomography (CT) scan evaluation in patients with temporal bone fractures and suspected ossicular joint dislocation.

Methods
We assessed 4002 temporal bone CT scans and identified 34 patients with reported ossicular joint dislocation due to trauma. We excluded those with no proven traumatic ossicular dislocation in CT scan and patients with bilateral temporal bone fractures. We measured four parameters such as malleus-incus axis distance, malleus-incus angle at midpoints, malleus- incus axis angle and ossicular joint space. The contralateral healthy side served as its own control. Hearing outcome 1–3 months after the index visit was analyzed. We assessed diagnostic accuracy and performed a logistic regression using radiologic measurement parameters for outcome prediction of conductive hearing loss (defined as >20dB air-bone gap).

Results
We found excellent inter-rater agreement on the measurement of axis deviation between incus and malleus in CT scans (interclass correlation coefficient 0.81). The larger the deviation of incus and malleus axis, the higher probability of poor hearing outcome (odds ratio (OR) 2.67 per 0.1mm, p = .006). A cut-off value for the axis deviation of 0.25mm showed a sensitivity of 0.778 and a specificity of 0.94 (p < .001) for discrimination between poor and good hearing outcome in terms of conductive hearing loss.

Conclusion
Adequate assessment of high resolution CT scans of temporal bone in which ossicular chain dislocation had occurred after trauma was feasible. Axis deviations of the incus and the malleus were strongly predictive for poor hearing outcome in terms of air conduction 1–3 months after trauma. We propose a 3-level classification system for hearing outcome prediction based on radiologic measures.
Familial Colorectal Cancer and Genetic Susceptibility: Colorectal Risk Variants in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gargallo-Puyuelo Carla J. , Lanas Ángel , Carrera-Lasfuentes Patricia , Ferrández Ángel , Quintero Enrique , Carrillo Marta , Alonso-Abreu Inmaculada , García-González María Asunción 
Published: February 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Epidemiological studies estimate that having a first-degree relative (FDR) with colorectal cancer (CRC) increases 2-fold to 3-fold the risk of developing the disease. Because FDRs of CRC patients are more likely to co-inherit CRC risk variants, we aimed to evaluate potential differences in genotype distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to CRC risk between FDRs of patients with nonsyndromic CRC (cases) and individuals with no family history of CRC (controls).

METHODS:
We designed a case-control study comprising 750 cases and 750 Spanish Caucasian controls matched by sex, age, and histological findings after colonoscopy. Genomic DNA from all participants was genotyped for 88 SNPs associated with CRC risk using the MassArray (Sequenom) platform.

RESULTS:
Ten of the 88 SNPs analyzed revealed significant associations (P < 0.05) with a family history of CRC in our population. The most robust associations were found for the rs17094983G>A SNP in the long noncoding RNA LINC01500 (odds ratio = 0.72; 95% confidence interval: 0.58–0.88, log-additive model), and the rs11255841T>A SNP in the long noncoding RNA LINC00709 (odds ratio = 2.04; 95% confidence interval: 1.19–3.51, dominant model). Of interest, the observed associations were in the same direction than those reported for CRC risk.

DISCUSSION:
FDRs of CRC patients show significant differences in genotype distribution of SNPs related to CRC risk as compared to individuals with no family history of CRC. Genotyping of CRC risk variants in FDRs of CRC patients may help to identify subjects at risk that would benefit from stricter surveillance and CRC screening programs.
Analysis of Critical Thinking Skills High School Students in the District of Semarang Material Environmental Change Curriculum 2013
Authors: Setianingsih Rizki , Marianti Aditya , Ngabekti Sri 
Published: February 2021

Learning science at school is expected to develop critical thinking skills students for the challenges of the 21st century. Ccritical thinking skills are integrated in the curriculum of 2013. The ability of high scientific literacy show high critical thinking skills. This study aimed to analyze the level of critical thinking skills of high school students in the District of Semarang on environmental changes material of curriculum 2013. This study was descriptive quantitative survey method using a questionnaire and observation sheet. The research was conducted in three high schools in Semarang District selected by purposive sampling in SMAN 1 Ungaran, SMAN 1 Bergas and SMA Islam Sudirman Ambarawa. Respondents used is class X IPA as many as 195 students in three schools. The data were analyzed using R software. Based on the results of research, critical thinking skills of students only in the quite critical category . Kruskal-Wallis test results of chi-square showed a difference in the level of critical thinking skills of students at SMAN 1 Ungaran, SMAN 1 Bergas and SMA Islam Sudirman Ambarawa with significant value 0.000009439. The highest level of high schools students critical thinking skills based on average indicators of critical thinking is SMAN 1 Ungaran with a percentage of 58%. The percentage of students' critical thinking skills in SMAN 1 Bergas and SMA Islam Sudirman Ambarawa is 57% and 55%. Critical thinking skills of students at SMAN 1 Ungaran, SMAN 1 Bergas and SMA Islam Sudirman Ambarawa included in the quite critical category. The proportion of students at the level of critical thinking skills in SMAN 1 Ungaran, SMAN 1 Bergas and SMA Islam Sudirman Ambarawa is different. The questionnaire results and students' test results showed linkage relationships based on Pearson correlation analysis chi-square obtained 42.199 squared count> squared table with significant value 0.000000168.
The Difference of Students’ Learning Activities and Output Due to Problem Based Teaching Model by Using Practicum Method With Video Observation Method
Authors: Sugiharini Sugiharini , Ridlo Saiful , Priyono Bambang 
Published: February 2021

This study aims to describe the difference of students’ activity and learning outcome between students who do problem based teaching model practicum method and students who do problem based teaching model video observation method. This study is quasi-experimental with posttest-only design. Population of this research is the whole of grade VIII students. The samples of the study are VIIID (experimental class 1) and VIIIC (experimental class 2) which are taken using cluster random sampling technique. The result of this study is the class who did problem based teaching model practicum method got post-test result 77,31. While the class who did problem based teaching model video observation method got 70,75. According to Mann-Whitney test with Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) 0,002 < 0,05, it can be assumed that there is significant difference on students’ learning outcome between class who did problem based teaching model practicum method and class who did problem based teaching model video observation method. The average of students who are very active and active on the experiment class 1 is 85,15% and experiment class 2 is 78,90%. Based on the study result, it shows that there is difference of activity and learning outcome between students who did problem based teaching model practicum method and problem based teaching model video observation method.
MEDIA KARTU KUARTET DIKDA SENI TARI BERBASIS OUTDOOR LEARNING
Authors: Ariyanti Siti Eva Ariyanti Eva 
Published: February 2021

Dalam seni tari, guru kelas II SD Negeri 03 Bawu diketahui belum menggunakan media pembelajaran yang inovatif, sehingga diperlukan media yang inovatif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media kartu kuartet DIKDA seni tari berbasis outdoor learning pada materi gerak keseharian dan alam. Untuk mengembangkan media tersebut digunakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) diadaptasi dari Sugiyono. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh siswa kelas II SD Negeri 03 Bawu berjumlah 41 siswa. Teknik analisis data meliputi analisis data produk, analisis data awal, dan analisis data akhir berupa uji t-tes dan uji n-gain. Hasil pengembangan media kartu kuartet DIKDA Seni Tari berbasis outdoor learning sangat layak digunakan dengan memperoleh hasil persentase sebesar 96,88% oleh ahli media, 96,88% oleh ahli materi dan 93,75% oleh ahli bahasa. Dari hasil skala kecil tanggapan siswa terhadap media sangat baik dengan persentase 100% dan 92% dari tanggapan pada skala besar mendapatkan persentase 97,9% dari siswa dan 100% dari guru. Hasil uji peningkatan rata-rata diperoleh hasil sebesar 0,567 pada skala kecil dan 0,466 pada skala besar. Simpulan penelitian media kartu kuartet DIKDA Seni Tari berbasis outdoor learning materi gerak keseharian dan alam layak dan efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar psikomotorik siswa kelas II Sekolah Dasar.

Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran; kartu kuartet DIKDA; outdoor learning; Seni Tari
In dance education, in the second grade aof Bawu 03 elementary school had not used innovative learning media, so that media development was needed in learning. This research aimed to develop, to find out the results of feasibility, and test the effectiveness of DIKDA quartet cards on dance education based on outdoor learning on daily and natural motion material. The type of this study was Research and Development (R & D) adapted from Sugiyonos theory. The participants of this study were the second grade at Bawu 03 elementary school in the number of 41 students. Data analysis techniques included product data analysis, initial data analysis, and final data analysis in the form of t-test and n-gain test. The results showed that learning media in the media of DIKDA quartet cards on dance education based on outdoor learning was very feasible to use by obtaining a percentage of 96,88% by media experts, 96.88% by material experts and 93,75% by language experts. The results of small scale got a percentage of 100% of students and 92% of teachers and on a large scale get a percentage of 97,9% of students and 100% of teachers. The results of the test large scale got on average obtained results of 0.567 on a small scale and 0.466 on a large scale. The conclusion of this research was the media of DIKDA quartet cards on dance education based on outdoor learning on daily and natural motion material was feasible and effective in improving students psychomotor learning outcomes in the second grade.

Keywords: learning media; quartet card DIKDA; outdoor learning; dance education
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF AKSARA JAWA BERBASIS ADOBE FLASH UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV
Authors: Nuryani Ema 
Published: February 2021

Permasalahan di SDN Banyuputih 01 yaitu rendahnya hasil belajar materi Aksara Jawa dan tidak adanya media pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengembangkan multimedia materi Aksara Jawa. Metode penelitian ini Research and Development (R&D). Subjek penelitian siswa kelas IV SDN Banyuputih 01 dan SDN Banyuputih 04 yang berjumlah 49. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan non tes. Instrumen non tes dengan wawancara, observasi, angket, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan instrumen tes yaitu soal uji coba, soal tes awal, dan tes akhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan multimedia layak digunakan berdasarkan ahli materi, bahasa, dan ahli media, hasil perhitungan analisis data akhir uji pemakaian produk di kelas yaitu uji z didapatkan Zhitung > Ztabel yaitu 2,319 > 1,64, hasil uji-t didapatkan thitung ≤ - ttabel yaitu -5,31 ≤ -2,04, dan uji n-gain 0,701 dengan kriteria tinggi. Simpulan penelitian adalah multimedia layak digunakan dan efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Jawa siswa kelas IV SDN Banyuputih 01.
The problems in Banyuputih State Elementary School 01 were based on the low cognitive learning outcomes in Javanese subjects precisely on (Javanese Alphabet) material and the absence of Javanese learning media. This research aimed to develop multimedia (Javanese alphabet) material. This metod of research was Research and Development (R&D). The research subject was the students of grade IV Elementary School in Banyuputih 01 and Elementary School in Banyuputih 04 which amounted to 49 students. Data collection techniques are test and non-test. Non-test instruments used were interviews, observation, poll, and documentation, while the test instruments used are questions of trials, preliminary tests, and final tests. Eligibility assesment results demonstrate could be used based on material expert assessment, language amounted, and the media assessment. The results of the calculation of final data analysis in classes of the z test obtained Zcount> Ztable is 2.319> 1.64, the results of the t-test obtained tcount ≤ - ttable is -5.31 ≤ -2.04 while the test results n -gain 0.701 with high criteria. The conclusion of this research was that adobe flash-based (Javanese alphabet) multimedia material was feasible to used and was effective in improving the learning outcomes of Javanese students in grade IV Banyuputih State Elementary School 01.
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DAN REWARD DALAM MENGUATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Sari Ferindra Sari 
Published: February 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pendidikan karakter dan reward dalammenguatkan motivasi belajar siswa era revolusi industri 4.0. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah,guru kelas dan siswa IV SDN Purwosari 02 Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatifdengan jenis deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan observasi partisipan, wawancara, angket,dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendidikan karakter secara perlahan mampu menanamkandan membentuk pembiasaan baik yang sesuai dengan 18 nilai karakter bangsa. Faktor pendukungpendidikan karakter dalam menguatkan motivasi belajar siswa adalah melalui pembisaan karakter luhur.Motivasi belajar siswa juga tumbuh melalui reward, terutama saat proses pembelajaran, reward lebihmemotivasi siswa untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajarnya. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pendidikankarakter dan reward mampu menguatkan motivasi belajar siswa era revolusi industri 4.0. Reward yangdiimbangi dengan pembiasaan pendidikan karakter, siswa mampu memberikan dorongan kepada temannyaagar motivasi belajar di kelas menguat sehingga siswa aktif dalam pembelajaran.

The purpose of this research was to describe character education and reward in strengthening themotivation of studying 4.0 industrial revolution era students. The subject of this study were principal, classteachers and fourth grade students of Purwosari State Elementary School 02 Semarang. This research wasqualitative study with a kind of descriptive. Data retrieval techniques used participant observation,interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The study results showed that character education wasslowly able to instill and shape a good culture that corresponds to the 18 character values of the nation.Supporting factor character education in strengthening the motivation for learning a student is throughhabituation of sublime characters. The motivation for study the student also in the past form through reward,especially when the learning process, motivates the student to increase his or her learning attainment. Theconclusions of this study was character education and reward capable of strengthening the motivation forstudying 4.0 industrial revolution students. Reward balanced with character education accustomed, thestudent was able to encourage his or her friend so that motivation for learning in the classroom strengthenwith the result that the student was active in learning
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KOMIK MATERI MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN UNTUK MENENTUKAN GAGASAN POKOK
Authors: Harjanti Endah Titik 
Published: February 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya keterampilan membaca siswa yang disebabkan kurangnya media pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk media komik serta mengetahui kelayakan dan keefektifan produk tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Developement menurut Sugiyono. Penelitian ini melibatkan 36 siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji Paired Sample T-Test, dan uji N-Gain. Pengembangan media komik memperoleh penilaian ahli media sebesar 98,52% dan oleh ahli materi sebesar 90%. Rata-rata nilai siswa di kelas sebelum (pretest) menggunakan media komik adalah 53,61 dan rata-rata nilai sesudah (posttest) menggunakan media komik adalah 77,78. Persentase rata-rata nilai hasil belajar siswa secara klasikal mengalami peningkatan sebesar 66,67%. Media komik efektif digunakan pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia materi membaca pemahaman untuk menentukan gagasan pokok dilihat dari hasil uji Paired Sample T-Test dengan thitung 11,59 dan ttabel 1,69. Data penghitungan N-Gain sebesar 0,54 dilihat dari selisih hasil pretest dan posttest dengan kriteria sedang. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media komik layak dan efektif digunakan dalam mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia materi membaca pemahaman untuk menentukan gagasan pokok serta bermanfaat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca siswa.

Abstract
This research is motivated by the low reading skills of students due to the lack of Indonesian language learning media. This research development aims to produce comic media products and to determine the appropriateness and the effectiveness of these products. This research uses research development method according to the Sugiyono state. This research involved 36 grade IV elementary school students. This data analysis used descriptive statistics techniques, Paired Sample T-Test, and N-Gain test. The development of comic media obtained an assessment of media experts by 98.52% and by material experts by 90%. The average value of students in the class before (pretest) using comic media is 53.61 and the average value after (posttest) using comic media was 77.78. The average percentage of student’s learning outcomes increased by 66.67%. Comic media is effectively used in Indonesian subject matter in reading comprehension to determine the main ideas as seen from the results of the Paired Sample T-Test 11.59 of tcount and 1.69 ttable. The N-Gain calculation data was 0.54 seen from the difference between the pretest and posttest results with medium criteria. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the comic media is appropriate and effective to be used in Indonesian subjects reading comprehension material to determine the main ideas and useful for improved student’s reading skills.
Assessment of triage accuracy by Nurses, and delay care of acute myocardial infarction patients admitted to Emergency Department: retrospective analysis from Shifa International Hospital, Pakistan
Authors: Shabbir Kiran , Javeed Waqar , Kazmi Abeer , Shereen Muhammad Adnan , Bashir Nadia 
Published: February 2021

Background: Coronary vascular disease (CVD) is the premier cause of fatality in the world. In Pakistan, 30 to 40% of all deaths occur due to CVD. The emergency department triage is carried out to prioritize the care of critical patients. Errors during triage may lead to mortality and morbidity of the patient. The current study's objective is to determine the triage process of acute myocardial infarction patients and its associated accuracy and delays during the acute myocardial infarction process of care in the emergency department.
Methods: In this descriptive study, data were collected retrospectively from Shifa International Hospital. The consent was taken from participating Registered nurses (RNs) who were involved in the triage process. Nurses with experience of less than 1 year in the emergency department were not part of the study, while only those patients with symptoms indicative of Acute Myocardial Infarction and age of 21 years or older were included in the current study. EMR system was used on a daily basis as a method to capture data for the study. The actual clock time in minutes from arrival until triage and obtain ECG as greater than 10 minutes was identified as a delay.
Results: The 8 R.N. participated in the current study with a mean age and experience of 28.11 years and 4.77 years. The patients' age was 22-74 years, which consist of 58.9% male and 41.1% female. Out of 224 patients, 20.53% of patients were smokers, 39.3% were diabetic, 44.6% were CVD, and 78.5% were reported for chest pain. Delay care such as the mean triage and ECG time recorded was 6.75, and 7.30 min, the mean E.R. physician and Cardiology resident assessment was 11 min and 25.19 min, respectively, which were significantly found according to the recommended guidelines of AHA. The triage accuracy in the current study was recorded as 80.35%.
Conclusion: In Pakistan, no proper triage system is developed, and no time limits and guidelines are defined for the completion of the triage process. In the current study, the triage level designations, ECG delay, E.R. and cardiology resident assessment delay were found insignificant, and triage designation was found inaccurate with 19.6% of patients, which lead to delay the re-perfusion therapy. In patients with AMI symptoms, triage accuracy and quick ECG helps E.R. physician assessment to take a quick better decision for cardiac care. It helps patients to get re-perfusion therapy on time for acute myocardial infarction.