bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel conceptual approach to lean: value, psychological conditions for engagement with work and perceived organizational support in hospital care
Authors: Al-hakim Latif , Sevdalis Nick 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundLean thinking (LT) has emerged as a promising approach for reducing waste and improving efficiency. However, its applicability to and effectiveness within healthcare, particularly within hospital-based care, remains clouded by uncertainty. This paper attempts to answer the question ‘how lean thinking can best be applied to hospital-based care’.MethodsNarrative review and conceptual synthesisResultsWe first review the principles of LT and how some of them are challenging to apply within hospital-based care. We then highlight that lean is an approach that was always meant as a combination of technical expertise and a focus on people—supported by a suite of human resource management supportive practices. We proceed to introduce evidence stemming from the literature studies on perceived organizational support and the psychological conditions for successful staff engagement with their work (namely, psychological meaningfulness, availability and safety as experienced by staff) and review how they may apply to hospital-based health workers. We finally advance a set of hypotheses regarding how different facets of value in a hospital care pathway may be correlated and these relationships mediated/moderated by perceived organizational support and the psychological conditions for engagement with work.ConclusionWe conclude with a discussion of the limitations of our work and the aspiration that the conceptual analysis we have offered is a useful and actionable framework for hospital management to explore how best to support their staff—in a manner that ultimately achieves better quality and patient experience of care.
A 1% TBSA Chart Reduces Math Errors While Retaining Acceptable First-Estimate Accuracy
Authors: Ray William C , Rajab Adrian , Alexander Hope , Chmil Brianna , Rumpf Robert Wolfgang , Thakkar Rajan , Viswanathan Madhubalan , Fabia Renata 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Life-threatening and treatment-altering errors occur in estimates of the percentage of total body surface area burned (%TBSA burned) with unacceptable frequency. In response, numerous attempts have been made to improve the charts commonly used for %TBSA-burned estimation. Recent research shows that the largest errors in %TBSA-burned estimates probably come from sources other than inaccurate values in the charts. Here, we develop a taxonomy of the possible sources of error and their impact on %TBSA-burned estimates. Also, we observe that different caregivers have different estimation needs: First-responders require a rapid estimate with sufficient accuracy to enable them to begin care and determine patient transport options, while burn surgeons ordering skin grafts desire accuracy to the square centimeter, and can afford considerable time to attain that accuracy. These competing needs suggest that a one-tool-fits-all-caregivers approach is suboptimal. We therefore present a validated, simplified burn chart that minimizes one of the largest sources of random errors in %TBSA-burned estimates—simple calculation errors—while also being quick and requiring little training. NCHart-1 also enables simple consensus estimates, as well as separation of estimation subtasks across caregivers, leading to several potential improvements in mass casualty situations. Our results demonstrate that NCHart-1 possesses the accuracy necessary for first responders, while reliably producing results in less than 2 minutes. Of 76 healthcare professionals surveyed, a large majority indicated a preference for NCHart-1 over their previous methods for ease of both use and training. For clinical or commercial use of NCHart-1, please contact: tech.commercialization@nationwidechildrens.org
US Supreme Court finds authority held by administrative patent judges to be unconstitutional and mandates procedural cure to give USPTO Director more control
Authors: Macedo Charles R , Goldberg David P , Sturm Chandler 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
United States v Arthrex, Inc., Nos. 19-1434, 19-1452, 19-1458, 594 US ____, slip opinion, United States Supreme Court, 21 June 2021 (Arthrex III)
Arthrex, Inc. v Smith & Nephew, Inc., 941 F3d 1320 (Federal Circuit 2019) (‘Arthrex I’), rehearing and rehearing en banc denied, 953 F3d 760 (Federal Circuit 2020) (‘Arthrex II’), petition for certiorari filed
On 21 June 2021, the United States Supreme Court issued a decision in United States v. Arthrex, Inc. finding that the authority of administrative patent judges (APJs) of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board to issue Final Written Decisions without review by a superior is inconsistent with their appointment as inferior officers under the Appointments Clause of the US Constitution. The Supreme Court sought to cure this constitutional violation by giving the Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office more control over the rulings of APJs.
Assessing Repeated Oxalic Acid Vaporization in Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies for Control of the Ectoparasitic Mite Varroa destructor
Authors: Berry Jennifer A , Bartlett Lewis J , Bruckner Selina , Baker Christian , Braman S Kris , Delaplane Keith S , Williams Geoffrey R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The American beekeeping industry continually experiences colony mortality with annual losses as high as 43%. A leading cause of this is the exotic, ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman (Mesostigmata: Varroidae). Integrated Pest Management (IPM) options are used to keep mite populations from reaching lethal levels, however, due to resistance and/or the lack of suitable treatment options, novel controls for reducing mites are warranted. Oxalic acid for controlling V. destructor has become a popular treatment regimen among commercial and backyard beekeepers. Applying vaporized oxalic acid inside a honey bee hive is a legal application method in the U.S., and results in the death of exposed mites. However, if mites are in the reproductive stage and therefore under the protective wax capping, oxalic acid is ineffective. One popular method of applying oxalic is vaporizing multiple times over several weeks to try and circumvent the problem of mites hiding in brood cells. By comparing against control colonies, we tested oxalic acid vaporization in colonies treated with seven applications separated by 5 d (35 d total). We tested in apiaries in Georgia and Alabama during 2019 and 2020, totaling 99 colonies. We found that adult honey bees Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), and developing brood experienced no adverse impacts from the oxalic vaporization regime. However, we did not find evidence that frequent periodic application of oxalic during brood-rearing periods is capable of bringing V. destructor populations below treatment thresholds.
A novel Lynch syndrome pedigree bearing germ-line MSH2 missense mutation c.1808A&gt;T (Asp603Val)
Authors: Sekine Risako , Shimazu Kazuhiro , Nakano Daisuke , Yamaguchi Tatsuro , Suzuki Yusato , Fukuda Koji , Yoshida Taichi , Taguchi Daiki , Iijima Katsunori , Nanjyo Hiroshi , Shibata Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We report the first pedigree of Lynch syndrome bearing a germ-line MSH2 missense mutation c.1808A&gt;T (Asp603Val). Until now, this missense mutation, in exon 12 of MSH2, was identified as a variant of unknown significance in the International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours database. In vitro induction mutagenesis experiments indicated that the MSH2 mutant protein (Asp603Val) is easily degraded in embryonic stem cells, albeit there is no clinical information concerning this mutant. Our pedigree includes four patients with Lynch syndrome-associated malignancies and clinically matches the Amsterdam II criteria. The proband, a female, first had an endometrial cancer at the age of 49 and then mantle cell lymphoma, colonic and gastric adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine carcinoma, successively. Her mother also had Lynch syndrome-associated malignancies, including colonic, uterine and gastric cancers, and her elder son had rectal cancer. In the germline of the proband and her son, an MSH2 missense mutation c.1808A&gt;T was discovered. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the expression of the MSH2 protein was decreased in the tumors, such as gastric cancer and neuroendocrine carcinoma, due to the missense mutation c.1808A&gt;T. This study showed that the MSH2 missense mutation c.1808A&gt;T (Asp603Val) is a likely pathogenic mutation and is responsible for typical Lynch syndrome-associated malignancies, including neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Study protocol for a national retrospective review of femoral periprosthetic fracture management. Is there variation in practice?
Authors: Nasser Ahmed A H , Chauhan Govind , Osman Khabab , Nandra Saroop , Nandra Rajpal , Mahmood Ansar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
The incidence of femoral periprosthetic fractures (PPFs) in the UK is on the rise. This rising incidence presents a clinical and an economic burden on the national health care services. There is also uncertainty about the most effective treatment modality for femoral PPFs, as well as a lack of evidence for a standardized management approach. We aimed to identify the true incidence and any variation in the management of femoral PPFs nationally.

Methods and analysis
This multicentre national collaborative study has been designed by a trainee led research network in collaboration with a well-established university research organization. Data will be collected from participating centres over a period of 10 years (2010–2019). All adults presenting with a femoral PPF will be identified, and the mode of treatment for each fracture subtype will be recorded. Other measures will evaluate patient and treatment variables, objective and subjective outcome measures. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses will be used, as well as the coefficient of determination (R) in an attempt to measure the degree to which the models could explain the variation in management.

Ethics and dissemination
This multicentre national project was approved by the local clinical governance department at each participating hospital site. The results of this study will be submitted to international peer reviewed journals and appropriate national and international conferences.
Prevalence of iliopsoas bursitis in patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Dan Junpei , Okanoue Yusuke , Kitaoka Kenichi , Ikeuchi Masahiko 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Iliopsoas bursitis (IB) is a relatively rare condition that is associated with hip diseases. It can cause neurological symptoms and swelling of the lower extremities by compressing the femoral nerve and vessels. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of IB in patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis.

Methods
A total of 544 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty between May 2010 and May 2019. All patients were examined using computed tomography (CT) to perform preoperative planning. We reviewed the CT images and examined the prevalence and size of IB. These lesions were divided into three types based on their shape (round type, oval type, and heart-shaped type).

Results
Of the 544 patients, IB was found in 37 patients. We observed the round type in 4 patients, the oval type in 31 patients, and the heart-shaped type in 2 patients. Two patients showed severe swelling in the legs and had a blood circulatory disorder of the legs. Both cases were heart-shaped bursitis.

Conclusion
Symptomatic IB was observed in two cases, both of which had a heart shape surrounding the iliopsoas tendon and femoral neurovascular bundle. Although symptomatic IB is a rare condition, special attention is required for heart-shaped IB.
Survival Outcomes following LINAC based Stereotactic Radiosurgery/Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRST) treatment of brain metastases: The Wessex Experience
Authors: Noble Mark , Ching Jeng , Clarke Enrico 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aims
Since 2016, the University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (UHSFT) has been commissioned by NHS England to deliver SRST to brain metastases. At UHSFT, all referrals are discussed at the Wessex Neurosciences multidisciplinary team meeting. Referrals that satisfy the criteria set by NHS England (estimated prognosis greater than 6 months, absence or controlled extracranial disease or potentially controllable extracranial disease with a Karnofsky Performance Status &gt;70%) will be offered SRST. This retrospective study was performed to assess overall survival rates of patients with brain metastases treated with SRST with further tumour subtype analysis. We also benchmarked our results with other SRST centres.

Method
Retrospective data collection was performed for all the patients who have been treated with SRST. Patients who received SRST to a single metastasis, multiple metastases and/or to the resection cavity between 01/01/2017 to 30/09/2019 were included in this study. All treatment was delivered using a LINAC based SRST platform. Prescription doses ranged from 13.5 Gy to 21 Gy in a single fraction, 21 to 24 Gy in 3 fractions and 25 Gy in 5 fractions. Patients are treated using a stereotactic thermoplastic immobilisation shell and dynamic conformal arc therapy with ExacTrac TM and Cone Beam CT imaging. Dates of death were obtained from the NHS Digital Spine and survival analysis using median overall survival was performed using the Kaplan Meier Method.

Results
277 patients were treated between 01/01/17 and 30/9/2019. The median overall survival from the Kaplan Meier Method was shown to be 14.7 months and the 6-month overall survival was 71% for all patients.
Sub-group analysis of individual tumour sites showed: lung (n=110) median OS 12.1 months, melanoma (n=58) median OS 26.4 months, breast (n=46) median OS not reached (67% still alive) but 18 months survival was 70%, renal (n=22) median OS 15.4 months and colorectal (n=19) median OS 6 months. “Other” tumour sites (n=22) included patients with ovarian, neuroendocrine, sarcoma, testis, oesophagus, unknown primary and gallbladder which were grouped together due to small patient numbers. 41% of patients treated were alive at the time of analysis.

Conclusion
Patients with brain metastases treated with SRST at UHFST have similar outcomes compared to other SRST centres. These patients have a median overall survival of 14.7 months. However, 29% of patients analysed did not survive more than 6 months. Further collection and analysis of the data might improve patient selection and their outcomes.
Development of ‘Core Outcome Sets’ for meningioma in clinical studies: The COSMIC project
Authors: Millward Christopher , Keshwara Sumirat , Islim Abdurrahman , Srikandarajah Nisaharan , Marson Tony , Williamson Paula , Jenkinson Michael 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aims
To date, meningioma clinical trial activity has been limited, but a number of high-quality studies are underway, with more in development. There is heterogeneity in the outcomes reported in meningioma clinical trials. The COSMIC Project will develop two ‘Core Outcome Sets’ (COS) through comprehensive, transparent, consensus methodology; to ensure outcomes relevant to key stakeholders are reported within and across future meningioma clinical studies. The first will be for use in clinical effectiveness trials (COSMIC: Intervention), the second will be for use in clinical studies of incidental meningioma (COSMIC: Observation).

Method
Three systematic literature reviews will be performed to generate a long-list of outcomes potentially relevant to meningioma patients, healthcare professionals, researchers, and other stakeholder groups. The first systematic review will present the outcomes reported in published and ongoing meningioma clinical effectiveness trials. The second systematic review will present patient-reported outcomes (PRO) from the measurement tools utilised in meningioma PRO studies. The third systematic review will present the outcomes reported in published and ongoing clinical studies of untreated meningioma.
Outcomes will be deduplicated, unique outcomes categorised according to the taxonomy presented by COMET, and the lists combined. The long-list of outcomes will be prioritised through two, 2-round, modified eDelphi surveys including meningioma patients, healthcare professionals, researchers, and other stakeholder groups. Undecided outcomes from both eDelphi surveys will be ratified at two, one-day consensus meeting, with representation from all key stakeholder groups.

Results
We have formed a study advisory group with international representation from key organisations. The project already has confirmed support from the International Consortium on Meningioma (ICOM), the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO), the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Patient-Reported Outcome group (RANO-PRO), the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO), British Neuro-Oncology Society (BNOS), Society of British Neurological Surgeons (SBNS), The Brain Tumour Charity (TBTC), and Brainstrust.

Conclusion
Standardising minimum outcome reporting in meningioma clinical effectiveness trials and meningioma clinical studies, through the development of these two COS will ensure outcomes reported are relevant to key stakeholder groups, including patients, whilst reducing research waste for a disease with increasing clinical trial activity. We seek to raise awareness of this project and invite participation from a wide range of stakeholders to ensure that the final COS reflects the opinion of the neuro-oncology community. Registration will take place via the study website www.thecosmicproject.org between June-August 2021.
Introduction
Authors: Gordon Deborah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The introduction takes a first-hand look at the author’s experiences as a chemical engineer during the permitting of what is thought at the time to be the largest oil find in California history. This heavy oil and its location in Santa Barbara raise more questions than answers about the environmental and societal risks that accompany oil and gas. The introduction asks who should shoulder those risks. Six myths are surfaced to provide a reality check for readers. These preview the book’s chapters to follow: (1) oil and gas are physically abundant; (2) oil and gas resources are chemically diverse; (3) oil and gas have wide-ranging lifecycle climate impacts; (4) companies come and go, but oil and gas endure; (5) governments face conflicting incentives; and (6) civil society demonizes oil and gas but can’t stop using them either.
Curbing the Climate Footprints of Oil and Gas
Authors: Gordon Deborah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Chapter 4 lays out real-world solutions from the Oil Climate Index + Gas (OCI+). It argues that demand-side strategies, while necessary, have not been sufficient. An array of supply-side oil and gas strategies are needed to curb global warming. Numerous strategies that mitigate upstream, midstream, and downstream greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are enumerated, including (1) eliminating routine flaring, (2) using renewable electricity, (3) using only manmade carbon dioxide for enhanced oil recovery, (4) reusing and pumping produced water more efficiently, (5) employing green hydrogen in refining, (6) locking up carbon in noncombustible end uses, (7) sequestering heavy residuals for reclamation and reuse, (8) reducing GHG emissions from liquefied natural gas, (9) decommissioning legacy assets with high GHGs, (10) minimizing fossil fuel inputs, (11) employing leak-free equipment, (12) operating permanent carbon capture, and (13) avoiding operating in sensitive ecosystems. The chapter concludes by presenting the cumulative mitigation potential of supply-side oil and gas strategies that are the responsibility of various actors.
Democratic Law
Authors: Shiffrin Seana Valentine 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this book, based on her 2017 Berkeley Tanner Lectures, the author offers an original, deontological account of democracy, law, and their interrelation. Her central thesis is that democracy and democratic law have intrinsically valuable, interconnected communicative functions. Democracy and democratic law together allow us to fulfill our fundamental duties to convey to each another messages of equal respect by fashioning the sorts of public joint commitments to act that a sincere message of equal respect requires. Law and democracy are essential to each other: the aspirations of democracy cannot be realized except through a legal system, and, conversely, law can fulfill its primary function only in a democratic context. After defending these theses, she explores two doctrinal examples to illustrate how a communicative conception of democratic law would yield concrete implications. First, articulating the special democratic character of judicially articulated common law, she resists instrumental, outcome-oriented conceptions of law and defends the essential importance of the common law duty of good faith in contracts. Second, appealing to the need for law to articulate a coherent set of moral commitments, she criticizes the US Supreme Court’s approach to constitutional balancing. In a set of commentaries, Niko Kolodny, Richard R. W. Brooks, and Anna Stilz offer illuminating and sometimes provocative discussion of both the philosophical and legal aspects of Shiffrin’s discussion. The author’s responses expand on themes concerning legal compliance, commitments, communication, dissent, political participation, and the permissible range of state interests.
Introduction
Authors: Ginsborg Hannah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This introduction offers a concise overview of the book. It outlines the three chapters of Seana Shiffrin’s core text; offers brief summaries of the three commentaries by Niko Kolodny, Richard R. W. Brooks, and Anna Stilz; and highlights some key points from Shiffrin’s extensive replies. It emphasizes two of the pretheoretical assumptions motivating Shiffrin’s argument for the communicative character of democratic law: that democracy is not defined in terms of elections and that both democracy and law must be conceived as a means for fulfilling moral obligations. It also emphasizes the Rawlsian background to Shiffrin’s argument, in particular the idea that justice requires that we realize for one another the social bases of self-respect. Finally, it underscores the timeliness of Shiffrin’s account in the light of widely recognized threats to democracy in the United States and elsewhere.
Democratic Law
Authors: Valentine Shiffrin Seana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This chapter argues for a communicative conception of democracy and democratic law by appealing to a duty of respect that we owe to our fellow citizens. To nurture and sustain the social bases of self-respect, citizens must convey to each other their convictions of mutual equality, their commitments to respect essential human needs and moral rights, and their mutual commitment to cooperate and provide every member with a stable place of belonging. Fulfilling these duties of communication requires a public commitment authored by all of us, undertaken through articulate action. Law has qualities of substantive expression that mere discursive messages lack. Law is public and takes the form of an ongoing, articulate commitment. But for law to convey the message that citizens must convey, each of us must be able to contribute to its formation. Hence, for law to play this special function, it must be democratically forged and sustained.