bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design Optimisation Of Spur Gear Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Ajay Pillai K , Ray Aritra Guha , Kaul Shivam , Babu T Narendiranath 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gears are one of the most commonly used power transmission mechanisms in most types of machinery and. The design of gears is highly complicated involving the satisfaction of many constraints such as strength, pitting resistance, bending stress, scoring wear, and interference in involute gears. In addition, using conventional or traditional optimization techniques to solve this problem could not give optimum results. In this study, a spur gear pair was modelled and was subjected to static structural analyses for varying gear material. Stress analyses and deformation analyses were performed for each material and the optimum design for reduced weight structural stability was chosen. The design was then subjected to optimisation by Genetic Algorithm. A stochastic approach as a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied in this paper to find the optimal combination of design parameters for minimum weight of spur gears. The purpose of this study is minimizing the weight and the centre distance of one pair of spur gears. This objective was accomplished by the means of the GA under some constraint such as bending strength, a contact stress and each dimension conditions of gears, which must be satisfied. The results are calculated by using MATLAB tools of Genetic algorithm with three type of materials, which are alloy steel, cast iron, and epoxy glass composites.
Design, Analysis, Control and Manufacturing of a Head Massaging Machine
Authors: Chaure Aman , Rajkumar E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, a lot of people are suffering from unexpected Headaches at odd hours of the day due to their hectic schedule and busy lifestyle. Many devices for massage therapy have already been introduced in the market for the same but none of them are actually worth the price as they fail to deliver the quick necessary relief. For overcoming this problem, we have come up with a new design for head massaging which mainly works on the ideal concept of massage therapy by pressing the optimum pressure points located at the extremes of the forehead. The novelty of this paper lies in the mechanism involved that will help us to achieve the desired output. We will be presenting the complete design, control and manufacturing for the product by a series of simulations which will includes Linear Static Stress analysis for evaluating the strength of the design which can produce the right amount of force, Vibrational/Modal Frequency response for analysing the stability while functioning, Fatigue Test for evaluating the maximum stress the design can bear for a good life and finally comes the Thermal Analysis for evaluating the heat dissipation from the electronics. The Computer Aided Design will be developed on SOLIDWORKS Software and the Finite Element Simulations will be conducted on ANSYS for optimization. Some post simulations will also be conducted such as drop test for evaluating the chances of sudden failure under the circumstances of impact loading. At last there will be a complete manufacturing planning for the entire design along with its DFMA planning.
Fuzzy Logic based Digital Hydraulics Control of Blade Pitch Angle in Wind Turbines
Authors: Narayanan V. Lakshmi , Ramakrishnan R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pitch control system is generally employed in wind turbine to mitigate load and maintain uniform power generation at above-rated wind speed regions. Hydraulic system has more power to weight ratio and so it is incorporated in the pitch system of large scale wind turbines. Some of the issues related to the usage of conventional valves in Hydraulic Pitch System (HPS) are: internal leakage, throttling losses, high power loss, less fault-tolerant, requires high manufacturing tolerance and more sensitive to contamination. In order to overcome these issues, digital hydraulics technology should be introduced as Digital Hydraulics Pitch System (DHPS). Commercially, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller is used as pitch controller but these controller performance doesn’t hold good when excessive disturbance or change in operating point occurs in the system. So, heuristic-based Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is preferred which has the ability to surpass the PID problems. In this paper, heuristic FLC based control strategy is proposed for a novel DHPS configuration to control the pitching action. Simulation model of DHPS is developed and system simulations are conducted. The comparative study on the effectiveness of FLC for DHPS and conventional valve controlled HPS is conducted.
Improving The Efficiency of Stationary Concrete Pumps Using Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism
Authors: Shyam Suraj , Kaul Shivam , Jesudoss Johnson , Babu Narendiranath 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to study the working of concrete pumps and to establish an alternative mechanism that would enhance their efficiency. A concrete pump is a machine used for transferring semi-solid, ready-mix concrete by pumping. As observed from the analysis of their functioning, it was evident that the transition of energy from mechanical to hydraulic, and back to mechanical during the process was accompanied with significant energy loss, which comprehensively reduced the efficiency of the concrete pump. A great proportion of this energy was lost through heat dissipation. Reducing the number of energy conversions posed to be a promising concept, for which the usage of hydraulic system in the current setup was to be withdrawn. The Whitworth Quick Return mechanism sufficed as a suitable alternative for the required purpose. It was observed from the mathematical analysis of the new mechanism that the theoretical flow rate increased from 45m3/h to 73m3/h, indicating a higher volume of concrete being pumped at the same input energy supply.
Modelling and Simulation of an Upper Hand Prosthetic
Authors: Mathur Gaurav , Chaure Aman , Biswas Devyani , Raghuraman DRS 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with the mechanical aspects that are taken into consideration while constructing a prosthetic arm. In the beginning, the design of the arm has been discussed at length. This section includes both-the part wise and the overall design made on modeling software. This is followed by explaining the movement of the arm. The parameters have been discussed in the section of the forward kinematics of the arm. The reverse engineering used in the design process is discussed. The material used has been covered towards the end. Finally, all these concepts have been put to use in a prototype developed by this team whose description is provided at the end of the paper.
Optimizing a Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System
Authors: Voleti Anant R. , Singh Shivam K. , Raghuraman D. R. S , Vijayakumar Niranjan , Tanushree D , Balan A.S.S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The piezoelectric effect, through which some materials can convert mechanical stress to electrical energy and vice versa, sees a wide array of applications due to its ease of implementation and effectiveness at smaller scales. Piezoelectric materials have emerged in applications such as structural health monitoring and piezo-based smart structures. One such application is energy harvesting; piezoelectric materials can be used to provide power for micro scale devices, in part due to their high efficiency. However, the significantly lower power output of these transducers limits their applicability. This study focuses on comparing different configurations of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system for a motor. By modelling several configurations, this study aims to identify the configuration with the highest sustainable power output.
Optimizing the process parameters in Friction stir Spot Welding Of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Suryanarayanan R , Sridhar V.G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys by Resistance spot welding and Self-piercing rivets requires high energy consumption, increased cycle time, and costs. Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the best alternative welding techniques to join dissimilar aluminum alloys with the help of frictional heat and plastic deformation. However, the drawback of this process is the keyhole left behind by the tool. Hence this study focusses on avoiding the keyhole post welding process by the use of pinless tools to join thin sheets of Al 6061 and Al 5754. The influence of process parameters such as tool rotational speed, plunging speed, dwell time, plunge depth, and shoulder diameter was studied on the Tensile shear force of the joint. The optimal welding condition was predicted with the help of the Genetic algorithm. The confirmation tests showed that the predicted optimal conditions were in closer agreement to the experimental value.
Robust Fractional Order Controller for sn Expendable Launch Vehicle
Authors: Varghese Elizabeth , Dasgupta S , Savier J S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fractional calculus is an interdisciplinary area with multifarious applications especially in control systems due to more flexible parameters to adjust the dynamic behaviour of all the physical systems. This paper presents a fractional order controller structure for an expendable launch vehicle during ascent phase. The launch vehicle has highly flexible and unstable dynamic model, and in addition to that unpredictable control issues are caused by the sloshing of liquid propellants and the inertia problems of the engines. Under these circumstances controller with large robustness margins are required to meet deviations in model parameters which are unknown before the actual flight. The rigid body dynamics of the vehicle is considered for designing fractional order controller to overcome all these control issues. The robustness of fractional order controller is compared with existing classical controller for 20% variations in the aerodynamic coefficients. The stability margins of the open loop transfer function with all plant dynamics shows the supremacy of the proposed controller over the classical controller. The control inputs to launch vehicles, in the form of attitude commands, are affected by the wind. Hence the designed fractional controller simulated under the wind disturbance input and the result shows disturbance rejection capability of controller.
SIMULATION OF BALLISTIC IMPACT ON DIFFERENT COMPOSITE SAMPLES OF BULLET PROOF VEST
Authors: Narendiranath Babu T , Singh Anhad Preet , Reddy Nagireddy Sudershan , Murpani Dhairya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the simulation results of ballistic impact tests on sample of composite material. The materials used are Kevlar 29, Carbon Fiber, E-Glass Fiber and Steel 1006. In simulation test, we used 9mm parabellum bullet having velocity of 400 m/s. The cad and analysis were done in Ansys Workbench Explicit Dynamics. The result was compared within different combinations of composite material and the most efficient and cost - effective composite material was chosen.
SMART SOLAR POWERED TENT
Authors: Sridharan Rahul , Sriram Maruti , Rajkumar E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Many Engineering Technologies and day to day applications are now moving towards a eco friendly and environment free solutions for the routine processes. This paper investigates on how the environment friendly products which doesn’t hinder the day to day activities done by the humans without causing any harm to the nature by involving unique engineering technologies which can help the product to be sold in the market and helping the humans to utilize the nature’s resource and fulfilling the daily activities. This main objective of the regular tent existing in the market are based on different needs and specifications but it isn’t able to fulfill the purpose either it isn’t long lasting or not portable to carry for long distance travelling or on tough mountains for hiking. Therefore, to put an end to this everlasting issue this product is developed to cater all the needs of a traveler irrespective of the place he goes. The unique part of this tent is that it is completely powered by solar energy as it will provide in and around electricity in the tent as it has solar panel and LED lights are stuck around it to provide light. Researchers have compared with regular tents with the solar powered tents and notice that apart from lighting the place it can kill the bacteria by ultraviolet rays and keeping the place clean and can be used for necessary chores done during travelling. The Optimized form of product is that it’s a multifunctional and can be used in any sort of place and any sort of travelling.
Suitability Of Standard Fracture Test Specimens For Low Constraint Conditions
Authors: Ekabote Nagaraj , Kodancha Krishnaraja G. , Kudari S.K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Test specimen selection plays a vital role in successful transformation of laboratory fracture parameter findings to the real fracture behavior of any component. The ASTM and BSI Standard test methods for measurement of fracture toughness are dominated by high constraint specimens like Compact Tension (C(T)) and Single Edge Notch Bend (SEN(B)). However, most cracks in real time structure are shallow and surrounded by low constraint. Hence, the standard specimen like Middle Crack Tension (M(T)) in ASTM and Clamped Single Edge Notch Tension (Clamped SEN(T)) specimen in BSI, yield fracture toughness value to be test specimen dependent. The Clamped SEN(T) specimen suitable for various real pipeline (low constraint conditions) application has been widely reported in literature, that however in not the case for M(T) specimen which has scarcely reported. The 3D numerical analysis of SEN(T) and M(T) specimens with an identical flaw size for fracture toughness and constraint parameters (T-stress) under linear-elastic conditions are dealt in this article. The standard specimen that emulates low constraint fracture behaviour forms the basis for recommending suitable specimen for defined real time conditions. The conservatism associated with usage of standard specimen to find fracture parameters for an application has been quantified in this work for field implementation by practitioners in fracture mechanics.
Tensile behavior of lotus natural fiber and e-glass fibers reinforced with epoxy composites
Authors: Abhijith A V , Dharmarajan Thayyil Abhishith , Narendiranath Babu T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the study of tensile properties of lotus fiber reinforced with epoxy composites. Specimens of epoxy composites were made from natural fibers by arranging them in uniaxial, biaxial as well as in criss-cross manner with and without E-glass fiber. To enhance the mechanical properties, fibers were undergone alkaline treatment (NaOH) and later they were fabricated using hand lay-up technique. It is understood from the results that better tensile properties were shown by uniaxial and minimal by biaxial arrangement.
Trust Based Fake Node Identification in Social Networking Sites
Authors: Spoorthy A S , sinha Somnath 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In recent years Social Networking is very commonly used for communications. It is the platform where users are free to join and share their data between groups of people. Due to the openness of this network any one can use multiple fake identifications and fraud the people into its group. These types of fake profiles are required to be identified and wipe out from the network. Some of the Social Networking Sites (SNS) that are commonly used are Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, WeChat etc. These SNSs are already have some mechanism to identify fake profiles and prevent them from such type of malicious activities but are not sufficiently efficient. This paper represents comprehensive literature review for identification mechanism of fake account on Facebook and proposes a new mechanism to stop this type of harmful activities by using graph based activity diagram.
USE OF CORRUGATED PIPE HEAT EXCHANGERS IN WASTE HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATORS
Authors: Nayak Sukanta , Jena Satyasreet , Khan Abu Sharique Shamshad , Paswan Mani Kant , Sharma Vinod Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Heat exchangers are used for a variety of purposes in various domestic, commercial& industrial applications. Some common examples are sensible heating & sensible cooling in chemical processes, condensation and steam generation in power plants, and recovery of waste heat etc. Heat exchangers performance enhancement can lead to more economical design of heat exchanger which increases energy, material & cost savings related to heat exchange process. Making corrugation on pipe surface is one such method. Numerous works has been carried out in this area, where parameters such as inside diameter of pipe, corrugation pitch, corrugation depth, temperature and phase of liquid has been studied. Corrugation of tubes can increase both the inner and outer surface convective heat transfer coefficient without any considerable rise in pressure drop. It also results in increase in mixing of fluid, flow turbulence, unsteadiness by limiting the fluid boundary layer growth adjacent to the tube surface.
Improvement of hot corrosion resistance of dissimilar weldments by current pulsing in a simulated power plant environment
Authors: Muthu S M , Arivarasu M , Mohanty Saurav , Arivazhagan N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hot corrosion studies are of utmost importance for welded components in the power plant industry as well as for industries which deal with exposure to the high-temperature corrosive environment. The failure of welded components at high temperatures has often led to the reduced service life of a component and catastrophic disasters. This has been a significant engineering challenge in the design of welded components. It is generally seen that the failure of the welded sections mostly occurs because of the deposition of molten salt over the weldments which accelerate the hot corrosion reactions. In this present research work, two dissimilar base materials, AISI 4340 and AISI 304L have been welded with two different welding processes namely continuous current gas tungsten arc welding (CCGTAW) and pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW) while making use of ERNiCr-3 as filler material. A comparative study of the dissimilar welded plates was carried out by simulating a molten salt environment at 600°C involving hot corrosion behavior. By analyzing the microstructure and thermo-gravimetric data, it is concluded that the pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding process has superior corrosion resistance properties while using ERNiCr-3 as the filler material as compared to the continuous current gas tungsten arc welding process.
Design and value engineering of a high temperature high pressure multifunctional compression moulding unit to manufacture zero defect parts
Authors: Gopinath K V , Padmanabhan K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Hot compression moulding is one of the better techniques employed to make zero defect products. This paper mainly discusses about the conversion of a conventional hydraulic press into a high pressure, high temperature compression moulding unit at a low cost using local state of the art methodology. A normal press used for blanking, drawing and various metal forming operations is modified here by addition of top and bottom platens with heating coils controlled by PID controllers to operate up to 500°c within which high Temperature Plastics, Aluminium, Tin, Lead, Magnesium etc. can be hot compacted with foil films and reinforcements or can be hot forged with matching dies. In this paper, hot compression moulding as a sound technique for manufacturing zero defect thermoplastic and advanced thermoplastic based composites is demonstrated and emphasized based on a defect evaluation of the moulded parts using an ultrasound scanning technique.
Robotic Assembly Sequence Generation Using Improved Fruit Fly Algorithm By Applying Gross And Fine Motion As Fitness Equation
Authors: Bala Murali Gunji , Sridharan  , Deepak BBVL , Muthra Rajashekara Reddy , BB Biswal , Bahubalendruni MVA Raju 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Robotic assembly plays a major role in manufacturing industries to reduce the cost of overall product. As the assembly is one of the major manufacturing processes, which involves much information like contact information between the parts, tools needed during assembly, part orientation information during assembly and many more. Most of the researchers considered grippers changes, assembly time, directional changes, part orientation and energy of the part as fitness function. In this research work authors made attempt to consider gross and fine motion as fitness equation to generate optimal assembly sequences with Improved Fruit Fly Algorithm (IFFA). The proposed algorithm is implemented on many industrial products to obtain the optimal assembly sequences.
Static structural analysis of hip joint with various profiles by finite element method
Authors: Nemmani Abhinav , Mutra Rajasekhara Reddy , Balamurali Gunji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The hip joint is one of the primary joints which give stability to the body. The hip anthroplasty surgery is performed due to constant wear and tear of the hip due to a person’s age and various factors. Due to this surgery, the joints are replaced by the implants made up of mostly Cobalt Chromium alloy (CoCr), Titanium alloy, Stainless Steel (SS316L). A comparative study will be done amongst these materials so as to choose the better one. Also various shapes with different design profiles will be modeled and analyzed by using finite element method and the best results will be tabulated. The profiles studied are circular, ellipse and rectangular profile. The main aim of this research is to find best material as implant and also best design so that minimum amount of wear takes place during practical situations for the comfort of the person. Based on various results obtained by Finite element analysis (FEA) like Von-Mises stress, Total deformation, Equivalent Elastic Strain, it has been found that the CoCr is the best material to be used as hip implants for static loading conditions.
Nitrogen enriched air for Nox reduction in Diesel engine
Authors: Baskar Ponnusamy , Rajan S Prithivi , Saraf Maggi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of nitrogen enriched air on emissions, in cylinder pressure, heat released during the working cycle and fuel consumption of a diesel engine. The experiment was performed on a naturally aspirated single cylinder diesel engine by increasing the nitrogen concentration supplied through a cylinder and NOx, CO, THC emissions were all measured with the help of a five gas analyzer. It was observed that enriching the inlet air with nitrogen decreases the NOx concentration considerably with a penalty on hydrocarbon emissions and thus the fuel conversion efficiency.
Conceptual designs for solving problems
Authors: Gnanaraj S Darius 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The creativity skills of students are required to be improved by making them to work on projects. Project based learning (PBL) helps students to develop their skills. VIT has introduced a project based subject known as Technical Answers for Real World Problems (TARP). This paper presents the details of the mode of handling this subject and the procedures for assigning project works to students and the method of reviewing their progress in their project component. The experience gained through handling this subject is presented in this paper along with the outcome of the project works carried out by a few groups of students.