bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified atmosphere packaging for milk cake: assessment of ideal gas composition for extending shelf life
Authors: Chawla Rekha , Sivakumar S. , Mishra Santosh Kumar , Kaur Harsimran , Anurag Rahul Kumar 
Published: February 2021

PurposeMilk cake is a well-renowned khoa-based dairy product in India, produced either from the buffalo milk or using a specific danedar variety of khoa. Under ambient conditions, shelf-life of milk cake is generally up to 3–4 days, whereas under refrigeration conditions, it can last up to 12–14 days. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) to enhance the shelf-life and keeping intact freshness of milk cake under refrigerated conditions (4 ± 2 °C).Design/methodology/approachDifferent gas concentrations of N2 and CO2 (70:30, 50:50 and 90:10) were used as a treatment, whereas control samples were kept under atmospheric air composition. The product was examined for sensory, physicochemical and microbiological parameters at weekly intervals.FindingsThe physicochemical and microbiological attributes displayed gradual elevation with progressive storage period in all the samples. However, the overall sensory profile of the product remained acceptable for a longer duration. Most of the quality parameters in control declined more rapidly with a shelf life of 14 days, in comparison to MAP packed samples, where gas flushing with the ratio 70:30 was found to be best suited for extending the shelf life of milk cake up to 28 days at refrigeration temperature.Originality/valueTo extend the shelf life of milk cake, modified atmosphere was provided with different gas ratios to reach a best-suited environment for sensory, storage life and proximate parameters.
Slope stability analysis considering the rotated anisotropy in soil properties
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Huanling , Xu Weiya , Xie W.C. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the influence of rotated anisotropy on the stability of slope, the random finite element method is used in this study.

Design/methodology/approach
The random field is generated by the discrete cosine transform (DCT) method, which can generate random field with different rotated angles conveniently.

Findings
Two idealized slopes are analyzed; it is observed that the rotated angle significantly affects the slope failure risk. The two examples support the conclusion that when the orientation of the layers is nearly perpendicular to the slip surface, the slope is in a relative stable condition. The results of heterogeneous slope with two clay layers demonstrate that the rotated angle of lower layer mainly controls the failure mechanism of the slope, and the rotated angle of upper layer exhibits a significant influence on the probability of slope failure.

Originality/value
The method for rotated anisotropy random field generation based on the DCT has a simple expression with few parameters and is convenient for implementation and practical application. The proposed method and the results obtained are useful for analyzing the stability of the heterogeneous slopes in engineering projects.
Deep learning or interpolation for inverse modelling of heat and fluid flow problems?
Authors: Löhner Rainald , Antil Harbir , Tamaddon-Jahromi Hamid , Chakshu Neeraj Kavan , Nithiarasu Perumal 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare interpolation algorithms and deep neural networks for inverse transfer problems with linear and nonlinear behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of runs were conducted for a canonical test problem. These were used as databases or “learning sets” for both interpolation algorithms and deep neural networks. A second set of runs was conducted to test the prediction accuracy of both approaches.

Findings
The results indicate that interpolation algorithms outperform deep neural networks in accuracy for linear heat conduction, while the reverse is true for nonlinear heat conduction problems. For heat convection problems, both methods offer similar levels of accuracy.

Originality/value
This is the first time such a comparison has been made.
Influence of sublimation process on air permeability and water absorption dynamics
Authors: Kalendraite Brigita , Krisciunaite Jolita , Mikucioniene Daiva 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this research was to find the influence of sublimation process on air permeability and water absorption dynamics of knitted and woven polyester-based fabrics.Design/methodology/approachThree different sublimation designs were prepared and applied (keeping the same sublimation parameters) for eight variants of knitted and four variants of woven polyester-based fabrics. Air permeability and water absorption dynamics during 180s period was measured and compared before and after the sublimation process.FindingsAccording to the obtained results, high temperature and pressure applied in sublimation process have influence on the porosity and air permeability of knitted fabrics; however, the influence on water absorption dynamics is minimal. Sublimation design dos not have any influence on the mentioned properties.Originality/valueThe obtained results of the sublimation process influence on air permeability and water absorption dynamics of knitted and woven polyester-based fabrics will help to understand how sublimation process can affect comfort properties of textile fabrics.
Crisis leadership and coaching: a tool for building school leaders' self-efficacy through self-awareness and reflection
Authors: Brinkmann Jodie Lynn , Cash Carol , Price Ted 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis paper introduces a cognitive coaching and reflection tool to help school leaders build self-efficacy at a time when schools are facing a crisis in leadership. Key themes emerged from the data generated as part of a larger study of PK-12 administrators' leadership during the coronavirus pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study is based on phenomenological research methods and uses naturalistic inquiry design.FindingsThe findings consider the building of school leaders' efficacy in crisis management during a pandemic. A total of seven data-driven reflection themes are identified: self-care, professional development (PD), communication, school climate, instruction, parent resources and advocacy.Research limitations/implicationsInvestigated using a purposeful, nonrepresentative sample were the perceptions and experiences of PK-12 administrators as they served in their leadership role during the pandemic. Therefore, the results are not generalizable beyond the scope and context for which the research was conducted. An implication of this study is that this tool can be used by coaches working with school leaders and by leaders themselves to increase self-efficacy.Originality/valueThe cognitive coaching and reflection tool could be beneficial in developing leaders' self-awareness and reflection skills, in turn building self-efficacy. Although there are other tools to support leaders' self-awareness and reflection, the effects of the pandemic represent a unique opportunity for examining leader practices to adjust to, prepare for and deal with the impacts of a crisis.
Reliability analysis of gas pipeline with corrosion defect based on finite element method
Authors: Yang Yuan-Jian , Wang Guihua , Zhong Qiuyang , Zhang Huan , He Junjie , Chen Haijun 
Published: February 2021

PurposeGas pipelines are facing serious risk because of the factors such as long service life, complex working condition and most importantly, corrosion. As one of the main failure reasons of gas pipeline, corrosion poses a great threat to its stable operation. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the reliability of gas pipelines with corrosion defect. This paper uses the corresponding methods to predict the residual strength and residual life of pipelines.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, ASME-B31G revised criteria and finite element numerical analysis software are used to analyze the reliability of a special dangerous section of a gas gathering pipeline, and the failure pressure and stress concentration of the pipeline under three failure criteria are obtained. Furthermore, combined with the predicted corrosion rate of the pipeline, the residual service life of the pipeline is calculated.FindingsThis paper verifies the feasibility of ASME-B31G revised criteria and finite element numerical analysis methods for reliability analysis of gas pipelines with corrosion defect. According to the calculation results, the maximum safe internal pressure of the pipeline is 9.53 Mpa, and the residual life of the pipeline under the current operating pressure is 38.41 years, meeting the requirements of safe and reliable operation.Originality/valueThe analysis methods and analysis results provide reference basis for the reliability analysis of corroded pipelines, which is of great practical engineering value for the safe and stable operation of natural gas pipelines.
How Bayesian Are Farmers When Making Climate Adaptation Decisions? A Computer Laboratory Experiment for Parameterising Models of Expectation Formation
Authors: Eisele Marius , Troost Christian , Berger Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAs the consequences of climate change for agricultural production slowly unfold at the local level (sometimes with contradicting signals), farmers’ information processing and decision making become more relevant for policy analysis and modelling. The major challenge is to reveal patterns in the way farmers form expectations about future production outcomes and to encode these findings into models of heterogeneous expectation formation. We developed and tested a payout‐motivated field experiment to observe farmer decision‐making under climate change and to examine how they form their expectations in a recursive‐dynamic context. Participants were exposed to ambiguity and acquired incremental evidence about the true distribution of possible climate outcomes through repeated random draws. Simulation models used in agricultural and environmental research usually implement simple forms of adaptive agent expectation or completely neglect this issue by assuming perfect foresight or constant expectations. Our computer laboratory experiments with blue‐ and white‐collar farmers from Southwest Germany (n = 97) suggest that expectation behaviour of a large share of farmers can be well replicated with Bayesian types of expectation models.
Do journals raise their impact factor or SCImago ranking by self‐citing in editorials? A bibliometric analysis of trauma and orthopaedic journals
Authors: Jain Aanchal , Khor Keng Suan , Beard David , Smith Toby O. , Hing Caroline B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundImpact factor (IF) is widely accepted as a measure of a journal's quality but it can be influenced by self‐citation. However, the SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) is based on journal prestige, excludes self‐citation and considers quality of citations of a journal. This study aimed to investigate journal editors' use of self‐citation and whether this correlated with IFs or SJR in trauma and orthopaedic (T&O) journals.MethodsT&O journals on the SJR database were identified. From each journal, data including country of publication, number of annual issues, IF, SJR indicator and citable articles were extracted. The editorial(s) of each issue in 2018 were reviewed. The total number of times the editors cited their own previous work or their journal (in the preceding 2 years, 2016–2017) were identified. Regression analyses were performed to investigate the association of editorial self‐citation with journal IF or SJR indicator.ResultsOf the 270 journals identified, 43 T&O journals with 151 editorials were included in the final analysis. A positive correlation between journal self‐citation in the editorial and IF (P = 0.02) and SJR indicator (P = 0.02) was found. Citation by editors of their own publications within editorials also positively correlated with IF (P = 0.04) but not for SJR indicator (P = 0.19). There was a positive linear relationship between journal IF and SJR indicators (P < 0.01).ConclusionEditor self‐citation influences the IF and SJR indicators in T&O journals. Therefore, these metrics should be considered in conjunction with other factors such as audience, topics included and international presence when evaluating journals.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation: epidemiology, biomarkers, and management
Authors: Adelborg Kasper , Larsen Julie B. , Hvas Anne‐Mette 
Published: February 2021

SummaryDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a systemic activation of the coagulation system, which results in microvascular thrombosis and, simultaneously, potentially life‐threatening haemorrhage attributed to consumption of platelets and coagulation factors. Underlying conditions, e.g. infection, cancer, or obstetrical complications are responsible for the initiation and propagation of the DIC process. This review provides insights into the epidemiology of DIC and the current understanding of its pathophysiology. It details the use of diagnostic biomarkers, current diagnostic recommendations from international medical societies, and it provides an overview of emerging diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Last, it provides guidance on management. It is concluded that timely and accurate diagnosis of DIC and its underlying condition is essential for the prognosis. Treatment should primarily focus on the underlying cause of DIC and supportive treatment should be individualised according to the underlying aetiology, patient’s symptoms and laboratory records.
Association between positive grandparental involvement during childhood and generativity in late life among community‐dwelling, cognitively intact, older adults in Japan
Authors: Morita Ayako , Fujiwara Takeo 
Published: February 2021

AimGenerativity is increasingly being recognized as a key element of healthy aging. The present study investigated whether children who received more positive grandparental involvement would show higher generativity in late life.MethodsIn 2017, 173 older adults living in Wakuya City (Miyagi Prefecture, Japan), and who showed normal cognition based on the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen, participated in a self‐report life course survey (age range: 65–88 years). The association between positive grandparental involvement in childhood and generativity (measured by the Loyola Generativity Scale) was investigated using multiple linear regression adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsCompared with older adults without or had low positive grandparental involvement in childhood, a higher level of generativity was observed among those with medium (β = 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24–3.62) and high positive grandparental involvement (β = 2.09, 95% CI: 0.32–3.87), adjusting for age, gender, memory performance, depressive symptoms, childhood socio‐economic status and parental involvement. The significant dose–response association remained even after further adjusting for education and current grandparental experiences.ConclusionGreater positive grandparental involvement in childhood was associated with a higher level of generativity among community‐dwelling, cognitively intact, Japanese older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int ••; ••: ••–•• Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; ••: ••–••.
The effect ofGeoGebra software–supportedmathematics instruction on eighth‐grade students' conceptual understanding and retention
Authors: Birgin Osman , Uzun Yazıcı Kübra 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using dynamic geometry software (GeoGebra) on the eighth‐grade students' conceptual understanding and the retention of learning regarding linear equations and slope. In this study, a quasi‐experimental design with pre‐test, post‐test and delayed post‐test was employed. This study was conducted with 52 eighth‐grade Turkish students (experimental group,n = 25; control group,n = 27). While GeoGebra software‐supported instruction was carried out in the experimental group, textbook‐based direct instruction was continued in the control group. Data were collected with the conceptual understanding test (CUT) which consists of 38 questions including open‐ended, multiple choice and fill in the blanks. CUT was applied to the experimental and control groups as a pre‐test and post‐test at both the beginning and the end of the instruction, respectively. Seven weeks after the instruction, CUT was applied to both groups as a retention test. Data were analysed through SPSS 17.0 statistical software by using at‐test and ANCOVA test. It was indicated in the study results that GeoGebra software‐supported instruction for eighth‐grade students regarding linear equations and slope did significantly improve both their conceptual understanding and retention of learning in comparison to textbook‐based direct instruction.
Hypertension‐mediated organ damage regression associates with blood pressure variability improvement three years after successful treatment initiation in essential hypertension
Authors: Triantafyllidi Helen , Benas Dimitrios , Schoinas Antonios , Birmpa Dionyssia , Trivilou Paraskevi , Varytimiadi Efthimia , Voutsinos Dimitrios , Ikonomidis Ignatios 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBlood pressure variability (BPV) has been associated with the development, progression, and severity of cardiovascular (CV) organ damage and an increased risk of CV morbidity and mortality. We aimed to explore any association between short‐term BPV reduction and hypertension‐mediated organ damage (HMOD) regression in hypertensive patients 3‐year post‐treatment initiation regarding BP control. 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24 h ABPM) was performed at baseline in 180 newly diagnosed and never‐treated hypertensive patients. We measured 24 h average systolic (24 h SBP) and diastolic BP (24 h DBP) as well as 24 h systolic (sBPV) and diastolic BPV (dBPV). Patients were initially evaluated and 3 years later regarding arterial stiffness (PWV), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVMI), carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT), 24 h microalbumin levels (MAU), and coronary flow reserve (CFR). Successful BP treatment was defined as 24 h SBP/DBP < 130/80 mm Hg based on 2nd ABPM and subsequently, patients were characterized as controlled (n = 119, age = 53 ± 11 years) or non‐controlled (n = 61, age = 47 ± 11 years) regarding their BP levels. In the whole population and the controlled group, 24 h SBP/DBP, sBPV/dBPV, LVMI, and IMT were decreased. Additionally, LVMI improvement was related with both sBPV (p < .001) and dBPV reduction (r = .18, p = .02 and r = .20, p = .03, respectively). In non‐controlled hypertensives, PWV was increased. In multiple linear regression analysis, sBPV and dBPV reduction predicted LVMI improvement in total population and controlled group independently of initial office SBP, mean BP, and 24 h‐SBP levels. In middle‐aged hypertensive patients, a 3‐year antihypertensive treatment within normal BP limits, confirmed by 24‐h ABPM, leads to CV risk reduction associated with sBPV and dBPV improvement.
Monitoring of the Implementation of a Breastfeeding Guideline for 6 Years: A Mixed‐Methods Study Using an Interrupted Time Series Approach
Authors: Ruzafa‐Martinez Maria , Harillo‐Acevedo David , Ramos‐Morcillo Antonio Jesús 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundCurrent literature provides poor information about the implementation of health‐promoting clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and their longitudinal monitoring.PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal impact of a CPG implementation program that promotes breastfeeding, its associated quantitative and qualitative indicators, and direct costs.DesignA mixed‐methods design with a longitudinal approach was utilized, with an interrupted time series design and the analysis of reports from the implementation program as the qualitative approach.MethodsThe study setting was maternity and pediatric units of a health area in the Spanish health system. The implementation of a CPG for the promotion of breastfeeding was evaluated, which included a pre‐implementation year (2011), 3 years of implementation (2012–2014), and 2 years of post‐implementation (2015–2016). The sample was composed of mother–infant dyads. A segmented logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the changes in the most important breastfeeding indicators. A deductive thematic content analysis was performed starting with quality indicators and a descriptive economic analysis.FindingsIn the 6 years of monitoring, 7,842 mother–infant dyads were recorded. The results of the quantitative indicators showed the presence of four stages: baseline, gain, adjustment, and sustainability or saturation. The breast milk at the first feeding had an increasing slope in the gain stage (24% per quarter; odds ratio [OR] = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.37). The exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge showed significant changes in the period of gain (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.95–3.08), which was maintained in the adjustment period, with an increase of 18% in the slope of the gain stage (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.06–1.32). The longitudinal distribution of the qualitative indicators showed a greater concentration of indicators towards the first half of each phase. The total cost was 209,575€ ($248,670.17).ConclusionsThe implementation of the breastfeeding CPG showed early, positive, and sustained results in the exclusive breastfeeding rates. The implementation implied the application of a complex intervention, with its qualitative indicators showing a wave‐shaped dynamic.Clinical RelevanceOur findings contribute to the understanding and evolution of the main indicators of the implementation of a breastfeeding CPG, providing details on the magnitude of the effect, the process of change, and the associated costs.
Hypoadrenocorticism in dogs underUKprimary veterinary care: frequency, clinical approaches and risk factors
Authors: Schofield I. , Woolhead V. , Johnson A. , Brodbelt D. C. , Church D. B. , O'Neill D. G. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesTo estimate the frequency, clinical approaches and risk factors of hypoadrenocorticism in dogs under UK primary veterinary care.Materials and MethodsDogs diagnosed with hypoadrenocorticism were identified from the UK VetCompass™ programme by searching anonymised electronic patient records. Pre‐existing and newly diagnosed cases of disease during 2016 were included. Cases were further sub‐categorised as having a laboratory‐confirmed or presumed diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism based on the information recorded in the electronic patient records. Descriptive data were manually extracted. Multivariable logistic regression methods were used to identify demographic risk factors.ResultsThere were 177 hypoadrenocorticism cases identified from 905,543 dogs in 2016; 72 laboratory‐confirmed and 105 presumed. The 1‐year period prevalence for hypoadrenocorticism in all dogs was 0.06% (95% confidence interval: 0.05‐0.07%). The most common presenting clinical signs in laboratory‐confirmed dogs were lethargy (51/66, 77.3%), anorexia (48/66, 66.7%) and vomiting (48/66, 66.7%). Hyperkalaemia was reported in 47 of 53 (88.7%), hyponatraemia in 46 of 53 (86.8%). Median sodium: potassium ratio was 19.00 (interquartile range: 16.20‐20.60). Breed, age, neuter status and insurance status were associated with a laboratory‐confirmed diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism. No sex association with hypoadrenocorticism was observed in the multivariable model. The standard poodle had 51.38 times the odds (95% CI: 14.49‐182.18) of hypoadrenocorticism compared with crossbreeds. The labradoodle and West Highland white terrier also had increased odds.Clinical SignificanceThis is the first epidemiological study to report on hypoadrenocorticism in dogs within the UK primary‐care population. These results provide benchmark data of current veterinary activity relating to hypoadrenocorticism in primary‐care practices.