bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manifold Dynamic Non-Covalent Interactions for Steering Molecular Assembly and Cyclization
Authors: Song Shaotang , Wang Lulu , Su Jie , Xu Zhen , Hsu Chia-Hsiu , Hua Chenqiang , Lyu Pin , Li Jing , Peng Xinnan , Kojima Takahiro , Nobusue Shunpei , Telychko Mykola , Zheng Yi , Chuang Feng-Chuan , Sakaguchi Hiroshi , Wong Ming Wah , Lu Jiong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Deciphering rich non-covalent interactions that govern many chemical and biological processes is crucial for the design of drugs and controlling molecular assemblies and their chemical transformations. However, real-space characterization of these weak interactions in complex molecular architectures at single bond level has been a longstanding challenge. Here, we employed bond-resolved scanning probe microscopy combined with an exhaustive structural search algorithm and quantum chemistry calculations to elucidate multiple non-covalent interactions that control the cohesive molecular clustering of a well-design precursor and their chemical reactions. The presence of two flexible bromo-triphenyl moieties in precursor leads to the assembly of distinct non-planar dimer and trimer clusters by manifold non-covalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding, C − H···π and lone pair···π interactions. The dynamic nature of weak interactions allows for transforming dimers into energetically more favourable trimers as molecular density increases. The formation of trimers also facilitates thermally-triggered intermolecular Ullman coupling reactions, while the disassembly of dimers favours intramolecular cyclization, as evidenced by bond-resolved imaging of metalorganic intermediates and final products. The richness of manifold non-covalent interactions offers unprecedented opportunities for controlling the assembly of complex molecular architectures and steering on-surface synthesis of quantum nanostructures.
Modelling the Globalization-CO2 Emissions Nexus: Evidence From Quantile-on-Quantile Approach
Authors: Adebayo Tomiwa , Acheampong Alex 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sustainable development policies for achieving net-zero emissions require understanding the factors that influence CO2 emissions. Capitalizing on the limitations of the existing literature, this study applies the Quantile-on-Quantile (QQ) approach to investigate economic globalization’s impact on CO2 emissions in Australia for 1970-2018. The results from the QQ revealed a positive feedback linkage between globalization and CO2 emissions at all quantiles. The results further indicated that while there is a positive feedback linkage between economic growth and CO2 emissions at most quantiles, a positive feedback interconnection exists between CO2 pollution and coal consumption at all quantiles. As a robustness check, we employed the quantile regression (QR) test, and the results from QR are consistent with the findings from QQ. The consistency of the results suggests that these study findings are reliable and suitable for informing policies that seek to address CO2 emissions in Australia. The policy implications for Australia are discussed.JEL Classification: C14; C22; F64; Q56
Pemanfaatan Google-Street-View untuk Observasi Kota di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nugroho Setyo , Rizqiyah Fardilla , Bararatin Kirami , Mahendra Angger Sukma , Kharismawan Rabbani , Soemardiono Bambang 
Published: June 2021

Title: Making Use of Google-Street-View for Urban Observation During Covid-19 Pandemic

Data collection in the field of architecture and urban design has been conducted mostly onsite through field survey. Yet, covid-19 pandemic made this activity impossible due to the avoiding physical activities in public area. Field survey in the covid-19 pandemic can be conducted through the make use of Google-Street-View (GSV). However, previous articles did not explain sisytematically the topic in the scope of architecture and urban design which were possible to discuss by using GSV. The article aims to review the implementation of observation technique using GSV to support data collection in the field of architecture and urban design. The research method employs the literature review, and case studies from Indonesian cities and abroad by the narrative method. The result showed that 3 topics of discussions were possible to use the GSV as a tool: streetscape evaluation; reading visual characteristics of the city and town; and architectural conservation. Even though some weaknesses were noticed, this technique of data collection give a flexibility for the user especially the lecturers, researchers, as well as students to complete their data collection.
Research Progress of PARP Inhibitor Monotherapy and Combination
Therapy for Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Shen Ke , Yang Li , Li Fei-Yan , Zhang Feng , Ding Lei-Lei , Yang Jing , Lu Jie , Wang Nan-Nan , Wang Yan 
Published: June 2021

:
Endometrial cancer is one of the three most common malignant tumors in the female reproductive
system. Advanced and recurrent endometrial cancers have poor prognoses and lack effective
treatments. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been applied to many
different types of tumors, and they can selectively kill tumor cells that are defective in homologous
recombination repair. Endometrial cancer is characterized by mutations in homologous recombination
repair genes; accordingly, PARP inhibitors have achieved positive results in off-label treatments
of endometrial cancer cases. Clinical trials of PARP inhibitors as monotherapies and within
combination therapies for endometrial cancer are ongoing. For this review, we searched PubMed
with “endometrial cancer” and “PARP inhibitor” as keywords, and we used “olaparib”, “rucaparib”,
“niraparib” and “talazoparib” as search terms in clinicaltrials.gov for ongoing trials. The literature
search ended in October 2020, and only English-language publications were selected. Multiple
studies confirm that PARP inhibitors play an important role in killing tumor cells with defects
in homologous recombination repair. Its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors,
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors, cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors, and other drugs can improve
the treatment of endometrial cancer.
Role of Capping Agent for the Colorimetric and Fluorescent Sensing of
Different Materials Using Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Sherazi Syed Tufail Hussain , Mahesar Sarfaraz Ahmed , Sirajuddin  , Yu Xiuzhu 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The selection of capping agent depends on the method of synthesis, nature
of nanoparticles (NPs), and type of the compounds to be analyzed. Therefore, different types of
capping agents such as surfactants, drugs, amino acids, fatty acids, and polymers are used to increase
stability of NPs, avoid aggregation, keep NPs away from one another, thereby achieving
desired morphology as well as the size of NPs.

Introduction:
Recently, the fabrication of NPs has been extensively carried out using synthetic
chemical routes in a wide range of materials. In this review, a comprehensive assessment of the
colorimetric and fluorescent sensing of metal nanoparticles using different capped agents, such as
surfactants, drugs, amino acids, fatty acids, and polymers has been summarized for the present and
future strategies.

Method:
For the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, different methods, metals, and a variety of capping
agents are used to obtain new properties and explore opportunities for innovative applications.

Result:
Capping agents perform their significant role as stabilizers to avoid the over-growth and
coagulation of nanoparticles.

Conclusion:
Capping agents play an essential role in the colorimetric and fluorescent sensing of
metal nanoparticles for particular analytes.
Therapeutic Interventions of Novel SGLT2 Inhibitors Against Metabolic
Disorders: Transforming the Association into Perspectives
Authors: Irshad Kanwal , Akash Muhammad Sajid Hamid , Rehman Kanwal , Sharif Hina 
Published: June 2021

:
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are an emerging group of therapeutic
agents that show their tremendous glucose lowering activity without producing hypoglycemia,
which is one of the major drawbacks of existing antidiabetic therapy. Comprehensive literature was
searched in English using electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline, Scopus
and Embase. SGLT2 inhibitors reduce blood glucose levels by producing glucosuria via insulin-independent
pathway. The major mechanism by which SGLT2 inhibitors are involved in glucose
homeostasis is to prevent the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule and increase
glucose excretion in the urine. Deterioration of β-cells, impairment of functions and development
of insulin resistance do not affect the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors. SGLT2 inhibitors significantly
reduce HbA1c, ameliorate glycemic control and control body weight. SGLT2 inhibitors can
block Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) 1 and play a significant role in treatment of heart failure especially
in diabetic patients. They have also positive effects on different metabolic syndromes which cumulatively
ameliorate the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients. SGLT2 inhibitors
can improve kidney function by reducing inflammation and improving renal microvasculature
up to its original state. The increase in triglyceride level has a strong relationship with coronary
artery disease in diabetic patients when combined with other indicators of metabolic disorders
while SGLT2 inhibitors cause a significant reduction in plasma triglyceride level in diabetic patients.
We have comprehensively summarized the features, mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors
and their impact on various metabolic syndrome traits, including diabetic condition, renal dysfunctioning,
arterial stiffness, hypertension, lipid profile and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of
this review to examine the safety, efficacy and therapeutic properties of SGLT2 inhibitors in renal
and diabetic patients.
Knowledge of Five Different Types of Indonesian Health Workers Regarding Oral Health Services for Pregnant Women
Authors: Suwargiani Anne A. , Arief Erry M. , Aripin Dudi , Widyaputra Sunardhi , Susilawati Sri 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Oral health care for pregnant women is often not provided by five health professionals in Indonesia: dentist, general practitioner, gynaecologist, promotion health officer, and midwives. While pregnant women also neither seek nor receive oral health treatment, even with apparent oral disease signs. This condition might occur due to a lack of understanding regarding the importance of oral health care for a healthy pregnancy.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the knowledge of five different types of Indonesian health workers regarding oral health services for pregnant women.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on a population of five types of health workers in Indonesia. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling technique from August until September 2019. The sample size was 191 health workers; calculation of sample size was conducted using the survey population to estimate the population proportion formula. The research data was collected using Google® Form questionnaire, which consisted of questions regarding regulations and socialisation about the oral health of pregnant women, the minimum number of visits of pregnant women to health service facility during pregnancy, the necessity for oral health examination during pregnancy, oral health treatment package for pregnant women, advisory for pregnant women to have an oral health examination, maternal and child health manual book. The questionnaire was distributed online to the five types of health workers in Indonesia. Data were analysed using Microsoft® Excel and presented in tabular form.

Results:
Nine out of thirteen knowledge criteria were in the 'less' category, which means 69% of health workers lacked knowledge regarding oral health services for pregnant women. Likewise, the number of respondents who knew the correct knowledge was found in 9 of the 13 criteria, indicated that only a small proportion of health workers had adequate knowledge regarding oral health services for pregnant women.

Conclusion:
Five different types of Indonesian health workers are not knowledgeable enough regarding the importance of oral health services for pregnant women. Only a small portion of Indonesia's health workers have adequate knowledge regarding appropriate oral health services for pregnant women.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Compared to Calcium Hydroxide as Intracanal Medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis: In-vitro Study
Authors: Almohareb Rahaf , Barakat Reem , Alshamsan Alhanouf , Almutairi Manal , Alfuraih Norah , Alsulaiman Sultana 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Endodontic infection may persist despite root canal instrumentation. Thus, the use of intracanal medicaments plays an essential role in eliminating resistant bacteria like Enterococcus faecalis, known to be associated with persistent infections in endodontically treated teeth. Although calcium hydroxide is the gold standard intracanal medicament, it has been reported that Enterococcus faecalis is immune to its effects. Therefore, several studies assessed the efficacy of other intracanal medicaments, but none to date evaluated Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate.

Objectives:
This in-vitro randomized controlled study aimed to assess the antibacterial efficacy of Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate as an intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis and compared it to calcium hydroxide.

Methods:
60 extracted single root canal permanent teeth were prepared and later divided into three equal groups according to the intracanal medicament used. Group 1: No intracanal medicament (negative control), Group 2: Calcium hydroxide paste, and Group 3: Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate paste. The intracanal medicaments were placed on the canals for 7 days. The outcome of this procedure was measured by counting colony-forming units. Statistical analysis was carried out using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s Post Hoc Test to determine significant differences between the groups.

Results:
The mean bacterial count for Group 2 was significantly lower than Group 1 and Group 3. Calcium hydroxide showed significantly more antibacterial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis than Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and the negative control groups.

Conclusion:
Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate is ineffective in inhibiting Enterococcus faecalis growth compared to Calcium hydroxide.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Stem and Leaf Extracts of Himalayan Tinospora cordifolia Hook.f. & Thomson
Authors: Upadhyay Geetanjali , Tewari Lalit M. , Tewari Geeta , Chopra Neha , Pandey Naveen C. , Upadhyay Santosh K. , Gahtori Rekha 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Medicinal plants are considered a rich source of ingredients, which can be used in drug development and synthesis. Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Hook.f. & Thomson, commonly known as guduchi, heart-leaved moonseed and giloya is a herbaceous vine of the family Menispermaceae, has several beneficial properties including antioxidant activity.

Aim:
The present study was carried out to analyze the antioxidant activity of leaf and stem extracts of Tinospora cordifolia by using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2´-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) free radical scavenging assays.

Materials and Methods:
Dried and powdered leaves and stem of T. cordifolia were extracted with methanol. Ascorbic acid was taken as standard. Total phenolic content was estimated by using Folin-ciocalteu's reagent while total flavonoid content by aluminium chloride reagent to find the correlation of polyphenols with antioxidant activity. ABTS assay of methanolic leaf and stem extracts showed the highest scavenging activity as compared to the DPPH assay.

Results:
Methanolic stem extract showed higher phenolic and flavonoid content along with antioxidant activity as compared to the methanolic leaf extract.

Conclusion:
The stem extract exhibited more antioxidant activity than the leaf extract with regards to the all parameters analyzed.
Drying Potential of Leaves Oil of Zanthoxylum armatum DC from North India
Authors: Rana Lata , Rai Ankita , Tewari Lalit M. , Chopra Neha , Pandey Naveen C. , Tewari Geeta 
Published: June 2021

Background:
The study on drying and its social acceptance has increased rapidly. Among different drying techniques, shade drying is one of the most feasible methods to keep intact from the decay of the main active components of the plant materials. Shade drying is an ancient drying method that increases durability, major constituents and activity of the plant material.

Aims:
Research was conducted to examine the drying potential of aromatic leaves oil of Zanthoxylum armatum DC.

Methods:
The fresh plant material was collected from Lohaghat, Champawat district of Uttarakhand and hydrodistilled before and after shade drying to assess the changes in the quality of volatile constituents by GC and GC-MS techniques. A two-tailed paired t-test was executed to assess the difference between drying treatments using MS-Excel.

Results:
The major components in the fresh oil were 2-undecane, linalool, (E)-β-ocimene, α-pinene and β-phellandrene. In the oil from dried material, the three predominant compounds were noted. A significant increase was observed in the percentage of β-phellandrene, undecanal and myrcene after shade drying (p<0.01). Five components absent in the fresh plant material appeared and one disappeared during the drying process.

Conclusion:
Shade drying significantly influenced the essential oil composition of Z. armatum.
Optimal Allocation and Scale Operation of Agricultural Machinery Based on Mathematical Planning Method
Authors: Wang Haixuan , Ye Chong , Sharma Anil 
Published: June 2021

Background:
To study the application of the mathematical programming method in agricultural
machinery operation optimal allocation and scale management, this paper adopts the nonlinear
programming method to establish the relevant mathematical model.

Methodology:
This paper investigates the crop planting area, mechanization level, and agronomic
direction requirements, production situation, and technological process of corn planting mode.

Results:
The structure of agricultural machinery equipment is relatively reasonable, and the production
efficiency is high. In the whole process of corn production, 11.195 million yuan of maize production
value was optimized. The proper harvest time of corn was 5 days, the planting time of wheat
was 26 days, and the harvest time of wheat was 10 days.

Conclusion:
The optimal allocation quantity of agricultural machinery system is calculated by lingo
software, and the mathematical model is established by combining non-linear programming.
Intelligent Three-dimensional Node Localization Algorithm Using Dynamic Path Planning
Authors: Jia Songhao , Yang Cai , Chen Xing , Liu Yan , Li Fangfang 
Published: June 2021

Background:
With the applications of wireless sensor network technology, threedimensional
node location technology is crucial. The process of node localization has some disadvantages,
such as the uneven distribution of anchor nodes and the high cost of the network. Therefore,
the mobile anchor nodes are introduced to effectively solve accurate positioning.

Objective:
Considering the estimated distance error, the received signal strength indication technology
is used to optimize the measurement of the distance. At the same time, dynamic stiffness planning
is introduced to increase virtual anchor nodes. The bird swarm algorithm is also used to solve
the optimal location problem of nodes.

Method:
Firstly, the dynamic path is introduced to increase the number of virtual anchor nodes. At
the same time, the improved RSSI distance measurement technology is introduced to the node localization.
Then, an intelligent three-dimensional node localization algorithm based on dynamic path
planning is proposed. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with similar algorithms through
simulation experiments.

Results:
Simulation results show that the node coordinates obtained by the proposed algorithm are
more accurate, and the node positioning accuracy is improved. The execution time and network
coverage of the algorithm are better than similar algorithms.

Conclusion:
The proposed algorithm significantly improves the accuracy of node positioning. However, the traffic of the algorithm is increased. A little increase in traffic in exchange for positioning accuracy is worthy of recognition. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is robust and can be implemented and promoted in the future.
THERAPY OF ENDOCRINE DISORDERS AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION RESTORATION IN PATIENTS WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME AND INSULIN RESISTANCE
Authors: Arkhypkina Tetiana , Lyubimovа Lidiia , Zaitseva L. I. 
Published: June 2021

The treatment with metformin of insulin resistance patients with normal body weight and leads to normalizing carbohydrate metabolism reduction of hyperandrogenemia, however, does not bring to the norm the menstrual and fertility function. Application of regulon is accompanied by a pronounced antiandrogen effect and has no negative influence upon glucose metabolism. Combination of these preparations considerably reduces a level of ovarian androgens, normalizes disorders of carbohydrate metabolism and raises efficiency of the following conservative stimulation of ovulation.
Sonic Activation of a Desensitizing Gel Prior to In-Office Bleaching
Authors: Lima VP , da Silva LM , Nuñez A , Armas-Vega A , Loguercio AD , Martins LM 
Published: June 2021

SUMMARY
This double-blind, randomized, and controlled clinical trial evaluated the effect of sonic activation during the application of a desensitizing agent (DA) containing 5% potassium nitrate and 2% sodium fluoride on the occurrence of tooth sensitivity (TS) associated with in-office dental bleaching. Treatment with or without sonic activation of the DA was randomly assigned to one-half of the maxillary teeth of 34 patients in a split-mouth design. On the side without sonic activation (noSA), the DA was applied and maintained in contact with the teeth for 10 minutes. On the sonic activation side (SA), the DA was activated 30 seconds per tooth. The DA application was followed by application of 35% hydrogen peroxide in two bleaching sessions separated by a one-week interval. The primary outcome was the absolute risk of TS, recorded using a numeric rating scale and a visual analog scale. Color was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer and a value-oriented shade guide. No significant difference between treatments was observed in the absolute risk of TS, which occurred in 93% (p=1.00) of both noSA and SA groups. The TS intensity was higher in the 24-hour interval after sessions, for both treatments, without differences between them. There was no difference in the color change for the treatments, with the average change in number of shade guide units of the Vita Classical scale of 6.35 for both (p=0.87). Sonic activation of DA containing 5% potassium nitrate and 2% sodium fluoride did not reduce the absolute risk and intensity of TS associated with in-office bleaching.