bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calvarial Metastasis of Lung Cancer: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Xing Hao , Wang Shishuai , Guo Xiaopeng , Liu Penghao , Wang Yuekun , Wang Yaning , Zhao Binghao , Wang Yu , Ma Wenbin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The skull is an uncommon site for bone metastasis of lung cancer. The most common type of skull metastasis is calvarial circumscribed intraosseous lesions. However, the use of targeted therapy or surgery remains controversial and the prognosis is poor.Case presentation: Skull metastasis was detected in a woman 4 years after resection of non-small cell lung cancer. Despite targeted drug therapy, the tumor continued to grow. However, the patient refused surgical treatment until she developed neurological deficit. An epidural effusion occurred after the operation. The patient was followed up for 16 months and her condition remained stable.Conclusion: Skull metastases of lung cancer can grow invasively. The current and previously reported cases highlight the importance of prompt removal of tumors located in the calvaria.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Costal Sediments and Indian Halibuts of Asaluyeh, Kangan, Khark, Emam Hasan and Bushehr Coasts, Iran: Distribution Pattern and Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Nourian Ghafour , Haghighi Neamat , Tabatabaei Tayebeh , Kohgardi Esmaeil , Pazira Abdul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A total 20 sediment and 20 Indian halibut samples were sampled from Asaluyeh, Kangan, Khark, Emam Hasan and Bushehr coast, Bushehr province, Iran for studying distribution and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs were analyzed using HPLC. The mean ƩPAHs concentrations in sediment and Indian halibut samples were 6.894 ± 1.4301 and 14.807 ± 7.486 mg/kg, respectively. There was a significant positive relationship (P < 0.05) between ƩPAHs, 2–3 ring compounds, and 4 ring compounds in the sediments and Indian halibut samples. ƩPAHs concentration in sediments and Indian halibuts was higher in Asaluyeh area followed by Khark area. The values of PAHs pollution in the Bushehr province coastline were low to very high. The toxic equivalent quotient (TEQ), excess cancer risk (ECR), and the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) were applied for health risk assessment. Based on TEQ calculation, DA was a good marker in assessing PAHs related to health risk. DDI values for ∑PAHs and ∑CPAHs (carcinogenic PAHs) were also highest in Asaluyeh and Kangan, respectively. ILCR values for sediments in 10% of all stations and cumulative ECR values for Indian halibuts in all studied areas exceeded the USEPA acceptable level thus suggesting a potential cancer risk. Thus, regular monitoring of PAHs pollutants in the coastlines of Bushehr province is recommended.
Cortical pore size distribution and viscoelastic tibia properties discriminate fragility fractures independent of bone mineral density
Authors: Raum Kay , Armbrecht Gabriele , Minh Huong , Massmann Jonas 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disorder of bone remodeling leading to reduced bone mass, structural deterioration, and increased bone fragility. The established diagnosis is based on the measurement of areal bone mineral density by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which poorly captures individual bone loss and structural decay. Enlarged cortical pores in the tibia have been proposed to indicate structural deterioration and reduced bone strength in the hip. Here, we report for the first time the in-vivo assessment of the cortical pore size distribution together with viscoelastic bone properties by means of a novel ultrasonic cortical backscatter (CortBS) technology to discriminate between fractured and nonfractured postmenopausal women (N = 55). The discrimination performance was benchmarked with DXA and high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT). The results suggest a superior discrimination performance of CortBS (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.69 ≤ AUC ≤ 0.75) compared to DXA (0.53 ≤ AUC ≤ 0.55) and a similar performance compared to HR-pQCT (0.68 ≤ AUC ≤ 0.73).
High-resolution melting analysis as an alternative method for human neutrophil antigen genotyping
Authors: Yasui K. , Tanaka M. , Hayashi T. , Matsuyama N. , Kuroishi A. , Furuta R.A. , Tani Y. , Hirayama F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Human neutrophil antigen (HNA)-typed granulocyte panels are widely used to screen for the presence of HNA antibodies and to determine antibody specificity. Many laboratories screen donors for HNA genotypes using low-throughput methods such as allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PCR–restriction fragment–length polymorphism, and multiplex PCR. In the present study, we used a high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis to determine HNA genotypes. For the HRM analysis, purified genomic DNA samples were amplified via PCR with HNA-specific primers. Nucleotide substitutions in genes encoding HNAs were differentiated on the basis of the HRM curves, and the results of HRM and DNA sequencing analyses were determined to be in complete agreement. The gene frequency of HNA-1a, -1b, -1c, -3a, -3b, -4a, -4b, -5a, and -5b in the Japanese population was consistent with the previous reports. Our results suggest that HRM analysis can be used for genotyping HNA antigens determined by single nucleotide substitutions.
Immunohematology

2015;31:7–13.
Mass-scale donor red cell genotyping using real-time array technology
Authors: Denomme G.A. , Schanen M.J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Blood centers are in the unique position to evaluate large numbers of blood donations for antigen-negative blood types. The limitations with the use of hemagglutination, however, can be circumvented with red cell genotyping. The reagents used for genotyping are synthesized and can be designed for any of the known blood group antigen single nucleotide polymorphisms that are associated with blood group antigen expression. There is interest in the application of mass-scale red cell genotyping of blood donors to find rare phenotypes and rare combinations of antigens. When performed on donors who are predicted to donate again after testing, integrating the genotype information with existing donor data and demographics provides the blood center with real-time information to identify the common clinically relevant blood group antigens demanded by hospital transfusion services. This review outlines a red cell genotype methodology using TaqMan chemistry and existing algorithms and data handling to gain the full value of mass-scale red cell genotyping of blood donors.
Immunohematology

2015;31:69–74.
First example of an FY*01 allele associated with weakened expression of Fya on red blood cells
Authors: Arndt P.A. , Horn T. , Keller J.A. , Young R. , Heri S.M. , Keller M.A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Duffy antigens are important in immunohematology. The reference allele for the Duffy gene (FY) is FY*02, which encodes Fyb. An A>G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at coding nucleotide (c.) 125 in exon 2 defines the FY*01 allele, which encodes the antithetical Fya. A C>T SNP at c.265 in the FY*02 allele is associated with weakening of Fyb expression on red blood cells (RBCs) (called FyX). Until recently, this latter change had not been described on a FY*01 background allele. Phenotype-matched units were desired for a multi-transfused Vietnamese fetus with α-thalassemia. Genotyping of the fetus using a microarray assay that interrogates three SNPs (c.1-67, c.125, and c.265) in FY yielded indeterminate results for the predicted Duffy phenotype. Genomic sequencing of FY exon 2 showed that the fetal sample had one wild-type FY*01 allele and one new FY*01 allele with the c.265C>T SNP, which until recently had only been found on the FY*02 allele. Genotyping performed on samples from the proband’s parents indicated that the father had the same FY genotype as the fetus. Flow cytometry, which has been previously demonstrated as a useful method to study antigen strength on cells, was used to determine if this new FY*01 allele was associated with reduced Fya expression on the father’s RBCs. Median fluorescence intensity of the father’s RBCs (after incubation with anti-Fya and fluorescein-labeled anti-IgG) was similar to known FY*01 heterozygotes and significantly weaker than known FY*01 homozygotes. In conclusion, the fetus and father both had one normal FY*01 allele and one new FY*01 allele carrying c.265C>T. This new FY*01 allele, named FY*01W.01, is associated with weakened expression of Fya on RBCs.
Immunohematology

2015;31:103–107.
Anti-Jk3 in a Filipino man
Authors: McCaskill S. , Wise S. , Tinsley S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A 62-year-old Filipino man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia was admitted to the emergency department at Hospital A with recurrent fevers, weakness, and jaundice. The patient was evaluated and eventually discharged with a diagnosis of possible drug-induced hepatitis. One month later, the patient was admitted to Hospital B for recurrent fevers and weakness. The patient’s hemoglobin was 3.8 g/dL. Six units of packed red blood cells (RBCs) were ordered for transfusion. The patient’s sample typed as group B, D+, and the antibody screen was negative. All six units of packed RBCs appeared compatible (at immediate spin) and were transfused to the patient. His hemoglobin level 4 days post-transfusion was 9.3 g/dL, and the patient was discharged. The patient returned after a week for follow-up and his hemoglobin was found to have dropped to 8.5 g/dL, which continued to fall until it reached 7.0 g/dL. Additional packed RBCs were ordered for transfusion. During subsequent pre-transfusion compatibility testing, the antibody screen was found to be positive (all screening cells reactive at the antihuman globulin phase). An antibody identification panel was performed. The patient’s serum was found to react with all panel cells tested, including the autocontrol tube. A direct antiglobulin test revealed the presence of both anti-IgG and anti-C3 coating the patient’s RBCs. The specimen was then sent to a reference laboratory for further testing. Results from the reference lab testing revealed the presence of anti-Jk3 in the patient’s serum. The patient was placed on steroids, and his reticulocyte count increased with no further signs of extravascular hemolysis. No additional transfusions were necessary. He was eventually discharged with a hemoglobin of 13.6 g/dL. The purpose of this case study is to report the findings of an extremely rare but clinically significant antibody, anti-Jk3.
Immunohematology

2015;31:119–122.
JMH blood group system: a review
Authors: Johnson S.T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The JMH blood group system consists of six high-prevalence antigens. These antigens are located on the Sema7A protein. The molecular basis of the JMH1– phenotype is not known; however, single nucleotide changes in the SEMA7A gene on chromosome 15 account for the other JMH antigens. JMH1, commonly known as JMH, is most notable because transient depression of the antigen occurs and anti-JMH may develop. These antibodies are most commonly observed and are not significant in transfusion. Antibodies developed in the rare JMH variant types may cause reduced red cell survival. This review provides a general overview of the JMH blood group system, including the serologic and molecular characteristics as well as proposed functions of the Sema7A protein.
Immunohematology

2014;30:18–23.
A case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with anti-D specificity in a 1-year-old child
Authors: Bercovitz R.S. , Macy M. , Ambruso D.R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Although antibodies to antigens in the Rh blood group system are common causes of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, specificity for only the D antigen is rare in autoimmune hemolysis in pediatric patients. This case reports an anti-D associated with severe hemolytic anemia (Hb = 2.1 g/dL) in a previously healthy 14-month-old child who presented with a 3-day history of low-grade fevers and vomiting. Because of his severe anemia, on admission to the hospital he was found to have altered mental status, metabolic acidosis, abnormal liver function tests, and a severe coagulopathy. He was successfully resuscitated with uncrossmatched units of group O, D– blood, and after corticosteroid therapy he had complete resolution of his anti-D-mediated hemolysis.
Immunohematology

2013;29:15–18.
Single-center comparison of gel microcolumn and solid-phase methods for antibody screening
Authors: Schmidt A.M. , Bendix B.J. , Jacob E.K. , Bryant S.C. , Stubbs J.R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Our facility changed antibody screening methods from a gel microcolumn–based test (ID-Micro Typing System Gel Test; Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Inc., Raritan, NJ) to an automated solid-phase test (Galileo/Capture-R Ready-Screen [I and II], Immucor, Inc., Norcross, GA). To determine whether detection rates for commonly encountered clinically significant red blood cell antibodies differed as a consequence of this change, preimplementation and postimplementation antibody identification records were retrospectively reviewed. A statistically significant difference in the percentage of positive screening tests during the gel microcolumn testing period (73,903 total screens, 1.56% confirmed positive) versus the solid-phase screening period (80,242 total screens, 1.81% confirmed positive; p < 0.0002) was observed. The number of antibodies to K identified was significantly lower with solid phase than with gel (27% decrease; p = 0.004). It is unknown whether there is a statistical difference in delayed or hemolytic transfusion reaction rates as this was not evaluated.
Immunohematology

2013;29:101–04.
A novel JK null allele associated with typing discrepancies among African Americans
Authors: Billingsley K.L. , Posadas J.B. , Moulds J.M. , Gaur L.K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Jknull(Jk-3) phenotype, attributable to null or silenced alleles, has predominantly been found in persons of Polynesian descent. With the increased use of molecular genotyping, many new silencing mutations have been identified in persons of other ethnic backgrounds. To date, only two JKnull alleles have been reported in African Americans, JK*01N.04and JK*01N.05.A comparative study was undertaken to determine whether JKmutations were present in the regional African American population. Results of donor genotyping were compared with previously recorded results of serologic tests, and discrepant results were investigated. Although the two previously identified polymorphisms were not detected in the discrepant samples, a novel allele (191G>A) was identified and was assigned the ISBT number JK*02N.09.This study illustrates a limitation of using single-nucleotide polymorphisms for prediction of blood group antigens.
Immunohematology

2013;29:145–148.
Analysis of risk factors for vitamin D deficiency by results of the first stage of Russian non-interventional register study
Authors: Suplotova L. A. , Avdeeva V. A. , Rozhinskaya L. Y. , Pigarova E. A. , Troshina E. A. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. In Russian Federation, there are no comprehensive studies assessing the quality of life and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, taking into account its status in different geographic latitudes.Aim. To assess the quality of life and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among the population living in the regions of the Russian Federation located at latitudes from 45 ° to 70 °.Materials and methods. The first stage of the Russian multicenter non-interventional registry study using the “cross-sectional” method was carried out from March 2020 to May 2020.Results and discussion. According to the results of the correlation analysis, qualitative and quantitative factors were identified, presumably being risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and deficiency. Qualitative risk factors include: education; alcohol consumption; being in direct sunlight for more than 30 minutes a day; visit to the solarium; using sunscreen; drinking coffee; taking medications (not vitamin-mineral complexes). Quantitative factors include: visits to specialists (total per year); smoking (duration, years); exercise for more than 30 minutes a day, once a week; being in direct sunlight for more than 30 minutes a day.Conclusion. A wide range of risk factors for vitamin D deficiency dictates the need for their further study to clarify the category of persons who are shown targeted biochemical screening with subsequent drug correction.
Qualification in the field of osteoporosis treatment in doctors working in the field of physical and rehabilitation medicine
Authors: Marchenkova L. A. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. The special rehabilitation programs are often required for patients with osteoporosis (OP). So physicians working in the field of physical and rehabilitation medicine should be well-versed in this problem.Aims. To study the awareness of doctors of rehabilitation medicine in the field of diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and their activity in providing medical care to patients with OP.Materials and methods. A questionnaire survey of 157 doctors (M-34, F-123) of 8 medical specialties working in 27 specialized medical institutions on the profile of “medical rehabilitation” was carried out. The questionnaire for doctors consisted of 21 items of special questions.Results and discussion. In the sample of rehabilitation doctors, 90.45% of the interviewed doctors believed that the problem of OP is relevant for their clinical activities, 100% of the respondents indicated that the presence of OP significantly affects the rehabilitation prognosis and 95.54% - on the degree of effectiveness of medical rehabilitation. According to the respondents, patients with OP make up on average 30.0% [20.0; 50.0] (0-90) of the total flow of patients. Endocrinologists (all surveyed doctors - 100%), obstetricians - gynecologists (66.67%) and therapists (60%) are mainly involved in the treatment of OP. Most often, specialists from rehabilitation institutions recommend zoledronic acid (23.57% of doctors indicated in this aspect), preparations of vitamin D (23.57%) and calcium (14.65%), various methods of physical therapy (14.65%) and parenteral form of ibandronic acid (12.74%).Conclusions. The presence of OP significantly affects the rehabilitation prognosis and the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation. 23.57% of specialists in the field of rehabilitation medicine prescribe treatment for OP to patients, giving preference to parenteral bisphosphonates, vitamin D, calcium and physical exercises.
Analysis of the formation of dysglycemia in the substantiation of early pathogenetic therapy of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ruyatkina L. A. , Ruyatkin D. S. , Iskhakova I. S. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. To control carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD), which are closely related to the effect on the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), their early, pathogenetically substantiated and prognosis-oriented therapy is required with a view to positive metabolic memory. The choice of drugs is based on the analysis of the formation of pre-nosological CMD - variants of prediabetes. The indices of the homeostatic model HOMA and the TyG family are most often used to assess the main links in the pathogenesis of CMD, IR and the secretory capacity of β-cells.Objective: to assess the basic pathogenetic links in prenosological CMD in comparison with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) using a cohort of postmenopausal women: parameters of IR and secretory capacity of β-cells according to the TyG and HOMA-2 indices. Materials and methods. The examined 94 postmenopausal women 58.0 (53.0; 63.0) years old were divided into groups by history and HbA1c levels (%). Group 1 consisted of patients with T2DM (7.20: 6.60; 7.98) with a duration of 4.0 (2.0; 7.0) years; women with two-fold fasting normoglycemia without a history of CMD were classified according to their HbA1c levels into group 2 (prediabetes) and 3 (without CMD) twice: according to WHO criteria - 6.15 (6.03; 6.30) and 5.45 (5.20; 5.80); and ADA - 6.00 (5.80; 6.23) and 5.35 (5.05; 5.40), respectively. The indices TyG, HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-%S, and HOMA2-%B were determined (based on C-peptide calculations).Results and discussion. The performed analysis confirms the contribution of IR/insulin sensitivity to the progression of CMD with the participation of the phenomenon of lipoglucotoxicity at the prenosological stage of their formation, starting with HbA1c ≥ 5.7% levels. The inadequate secretory response of β-cells reflects an early decline in their functional abilities even at the stage of prediabetes. This limits the effectiveness of the classical stepwise scheme for intensifying glucose-lowering therapy with a T2DM duration of less than 10 years.Conclusions. Along with the timely diagnosis of dysglycemia, to control the cardiometabolic risk, it is advisable to use drug combinations early in terms of their effect on the key links in the pathogenesis of CMD: insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Pioglitazone has been substantiated as an insulin sensitizer, which has a proven effect on the regression of early CMD and a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events. In order to eliminate incretin dysfunction, which is closely related to the adequacy of the secretory capabilities of β-cells to the needs of impaired glucose homeostasis, a rational combination with an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4.
Parallels of infections of diabetic foot syndrome at inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment
Authors: Zemlianoi A. B. , Zelenina T. A. , Salukhov V. V. 
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Long-lasting ulcerative defects in patients with diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) are prone to reinfection, persistence of primary and hospital-acquired infection, and the infectious process is often caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO).Aim of the study: to compare the prevalence and specific characteristics of the severe diabetic foot infection pathogens during the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment.Materials and methods. We included 62 type 2 diabetic inpatients (group 1) with severe foot infection and 102 diabetic foot outpatients (group 2) with postoperative wounds, who had been operated on and discharged from the hospital, in to the study.Cultures were obtained after surgery interventions immediately and on 14 days of hospitalization in group 1 of patients and in group 2 of patients with clinical signs of infection. Microbe species and resistant of pathogens to antibiotic were assessed.Results and discussion. Severe infection connected with polymicrobe pathogens in both groups of patients. However, the prevalence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli was different. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Gram-positive bacteria in the wound samples of group 1 of patients with acute infection obtained after surgery interventions immediately. In the wound cultures of group 1 on 14 day of hospitalization and group 2 the prevalence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli was the same. It should be noted that there is still a high total frequency of isolation of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli among Gram-negative pathogens in complicated diabetic foot infection both at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment.Conclusion. The great finding of the study is the identification of a parallel of the same prevalence of Gram-positive and Gramnegative pathogens in a prolonged infection at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment. The role of Enterobacterales increased with duration of infection. The prevalence of multidrug resistant Enterobacterales makes this group of microorganisms as important as Staphylococcaceae in the complicated course of the infectious process. Polyvalent microbial spectrum of pathogens significantly reduces the effectiveness of treatment.