bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fixed dose combination of olmesartan and amlodipine in patients with hypertension and abdominal obesity. Data of 3-month observation of efficacy and adherence to therapy
Authors: Koval S , Mysnychenko OV , Penkova M YU , Starchenko TG , Lytvynova OM , Lytvynov VS 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Essential hypertension (H), which is combined with abdominal obesity (AO), is characterized by the early formation of refractoriness to antihypertensive therapy. In this regard, it is urgent to search for the most effective therapy regimens, among which fixed combinations (FC) of drugs have recently attracted considerable interest.

Purpose
To study the efficacy of FC olmesartan (O) and amlodipine (F) and adherence to it in patients with H and AO.
Methods. 60 patients with grade 2 H with AO of I-II degrees (36 men and 24 women aged 48 to 62 years) were examined using standard clinical, biochemical and instrumental methods. Before enrollment in the study, all patients received various non-FC two-component combinations of antihypertensive drugs, however, target blood pressure (BP) levels were not achieved by any patient. After inclusion in the study, all patients were transferred to FC O and A, which was prescribed once a day , taking into account BP levels in the following daily doses: 20/5 mg; 40/5 mg and 40/10 mg. The examination was carried out for 3 months with dose adjustments every 7-10 days.
Results. The use of FC O and A made it possible to achieve the target BP level after 3 month of therapy in 72% of patients with H and AO. At the same time, high adherence to this therapy was also noted: 80% of patients continued to receive this therapy for 3 months. It was found that in order to achieve target BP levels, in 84% of patients it was necessary to use O and A in a daily dose of 40/10 mg, in 16% of patients -in a dose of 40/5 mg. The tested FC was characterized by a low incidence of side effects, the most frequent of which was leg edema (in 7% of patients) and good tolerability (therapy withdrawal rate was 3%).
Conclusion. The established high antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of FC O and A in patients with H and AO indicates the promise of its widespread use in this category of patients.
Effect of bariatric surgery on blood pressure and workload-indexed pressure during submaximal and maximal exercise
Authors: Battista F , Baldan M , Quinto G , Foccardi G , Vecchiato M , Centanini A , Bettini S , Gasperetti A , Busetto L , Neunhaeuserer D , Ermolao A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Obesity is a disease characterized by an increase of resting blood pressure and by an increased risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular events. Exaggerated blood pressure during exercise increases risk of cardiovascular events independently from the baseline blood pressure levels.

Purpose
to evaluate the blood pressure response and the Workload-indexed blood pressure, during a cardio-pulmonary exercise test (CPET) before and after bariatric surgery (BS).

Methods
257 patients with severe obesity performed maximal incremental CPET one month before and six months after BS under the same experimental protocol. The systolic blood pressure was measured at rest (SBPrest), at the submaximal effort (SBPsubmax) at the same exercise intensity (3 METs), at the exercise peak (SBP max) and lastly in the recovery phase (SBPrec). The submaximal and maximal Workload-indexed Sistolic Blood Pressure (W-SBPsubmax and W-SBPmax, respectively) were calculated with the formula: ΔBP/ΔMETs. Diastolic blood pressure was analysed at rest (DBPrest) and during the recovery phase (DBPrec).

Results
Age was on average 45 ± 10.3 years, BMI before BS was equal to 43.9 ± 6.4 Kg/m2 and 73.5% were females. After BS, there was a significant weight loss (-25.9 ± 6.2%). SBPrest and DBPrest decrease significantly after BS (ΔSBP: -10.2 ± 15.8 and -5.2 ± 11.6 mmHg; p &lt;0.001, respectively), also when considering percentage variation of pre BS values (ΔSBP%: -7.4 ±12.3% and -5.9 ± 15.9%; p&lt; 0.001, respectively). Submaximal and maximal systolic blood pressure showed significant reduction after BS both as ΔSBP (-15.0 ± 19.7 mmHg and -10.3 ± 25.1mmHg; p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and ΔSBP% (-9.6 ± 13.0% and -5.0 ± 14.0%; p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, W-SBP decreased significantly during submaximal exercise (-3.0 ± 12.2 mmHg/METs; p 0.001) and at peak of exercise (-2.1 ± 4.8 mmHg/METs; p &lt; 0.001). Lastly, also systolic and diastolic blood pressure during the recovery phase showed a significant reduction (-7.5 ± 7.0 mmHg and -3.3 ± 6.0 mmHg; p &lt; 0.001). A Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a significant but weak correlation between ΔSBP%submax and % of weight loss (rho = 0.138; p = 0.027).

Conclusions
After BS, a marked reduction of all blood pressure values was detectable in all phases of CPET. W-SBPsubmax and W-SBPmax, as expression of load independent pressure response, decreased significantly. The reduction in the submaximal blood pressure was significantly but only weakly correlated with changes in body weight, suggesting its substantial independence from weight loss. These findings also support a potential role of CPET in detecting, high risk patients and adequate treatment effectiveness in patients with severe obesity.
Abstract Figure. Exercise SBP before and after BS
Lipid profile in a population with coronary artery disease in Madeira Island
Authors: Santos MR , Pereira A , Temtem M , Mendonca F , Sousa JA , Monteiro JP , Sousa AC , Freitas S , Henriques E , Ornelas I , Drumond A , Mendonca MI , Palma Dos Reis R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We know that plasma level of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is strongly associated with atherosclerosis, and its reduction with statins has led to a decrease in the incidence and complications of CAD. According to the 2019 ESC guidelines, in high-risk patient the aim is to achieve an absolute LDL-C treatment goal of &lt;55mg/dL. 2016 ESC guidelines purposed, in the same patients, a LDL-C level of &lt;70mg/dL.

Objective
To evaluate the degree of LDL-C control in coronary artery disease patients according to ESC guidelines.

Materials and Methods
Study analyses of 1687 patients selected from GENEMACOR study population, with at least one &gt; 75% coronary stenosis by angiography (median age 53.3 ± 3 years and 54.8% men).
LDL-C was determined by chemical methods and all patients were statin treated. The population was divided in four groups according to LDL-C levels: inferior to 55mg/dL, inferior to 70mg/dL, inferior to 115mg/dL and superior to 115mg/dL.

Results
LDL-C mean value was 108.7mg/dL, median 105.1mg/dL (P25 83.0 and P75 127.4mg/dL). 150 (8.9%) patients had LDL-C &lt; 55mg/dL vs 1537 (91.1%) with LDL-C ≥ 55 mg/dl. 275 (16.3%) patients had LDL-C &lt; 70 mg/dL vs 1412 (83.7%) with LDL-C ≥ 70 mg/dL. 1084 (64.3%%) patients had LDL &lt; 115 mg/dL vs 603 (35.7%) with LDL-C ≥ 115 mg/dL.

Conclusion
In our population LDL-C control levels was low, with 91.1% patients with LDL-C ≥ 55mg/dL and 83.7% patients with LDL ≥ 70 mg/dL. It is interesting to note that most of our patients have LDL-C levels above the recommend by the newest and, surprisingly, the 2016 dyslipidemia guidelines. It is therefore important to implement a more intensive treatment strategy of dyslipidemia in coronary patients.
Risk factors for coronary heart disease among Lebanese women: a case-control study
Authors: Ghaddar F , Zeidan RK , Salameh P , Tatari S , Achkouty G , Maupas-Schwalm F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Medilab SARL

Backgroung
Given the expected epidemic rise of coronary heart disease (CHD) in healthcare system and the potential severity of disease, CHD remains underestimated in women. Early identification of risk factors (RFs) will be important for their health promotion.

Purpose
The aim of this study is to evaluate the RFs for CHD among Lebanese women aged 40 years and above.

Methods
A case-control study was carried out in 6 hospitals in the regions of Beirut and Mount-Lebanon, from December 2018 to December 2019 with a total of 1500 patients. Anthropometric and laboratory data were collected from the medical records of patients and structured questionnaire were used.

Results
CHD was positively associated with hyperlipidemia (aOR 2.852, 95% CI: 2.021–4.023), hypertension (2.715, 1.598–4.614), family history of CHD (2.645, 1.925–3.634), smoking (1.888, 1.393–2.558) and interestingly presence of joint pain (1.513, 1.107–2.068). While, residence in Mount-Lebanon seemed negatively associated with CHD (0.669, 0.467–0.959), as well as adherence to Mediterranean diet (0.964, 0.938–0.992) and physical activity (0.491, 0.259–0.930 and 0.718, 0.530–0.972, for high and moderate activity, respectively).

Conclusion
In our study, most of RFs associated with CHD in women are modifiable and preventable, highlighting the need of lifestyle interventions and appropriate control strategies and measures.
Modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in university students
Authors: Pomeshkina E , Bazdyrev E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction. Currently, the risk factors are known for many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. A part of the risk factors are modifiable, and therefore depend on health behaviour of every person. Young student age is the time to build the habits for a healthy lifestyle.
Purpose. To study the modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, alcohol abuse and smoking in young university students.
Material and methods. The study included 136 university students (24 males and 112 females), median age was 20 (20; 21). The risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, alcohol abuse and smoking were assessed using a questionnaire developed with the help of the adapted international methodologies.
Results. The research revealed that 91 (67 %) students have never smoked, 29 (21 %) quit smoking and 16 (12 %) are current smokers. The physical activity analysis showed that 58 (43 %) students have 150 or more minutes of walking activity a week (excluding a way to the study place). 47 (35 %) students have workouts 2-3 times a week and 9 (7 %) do it 5-7 times a week. 50 (37 %) students do not drink alcohol. Almost half of the students (66 (46 %) people) rarely drink alcohol (up to once a week), 10 (7 %) students drink alcohol 2-3 times a week; 10 (7 %) students drink alcohol often (4-6 times per week). The assessment of the eating habits showed that only 26 (19 %) students include vegetables and fruits into their regular diet (6-7 times a week). 78 (57 %) students eat vegetables and fruits rarely (up to 2 times a week). The rest of students (32 (24 %)) almost never eat vegetables and fruits (0-1 times a week). The bratwursts and sausages are included in the daily diet in 20 (14 %) students. 62 (46 %) students eat bratwursts and sausages very often (up to 3-5 times a week). A considerable part of the students (54 (40 %)) completely refuse or rarely eat these products. Most of the students (98 (72 %)) do not drink or drink rarely (1-2 times a week) sweet carbonated soft drinks. 6 (4 %) students often (up to 6-7 times a week) drink sweet carbonated soft drinks, the median daily consumption is 500 (250; 500) ml. 50 (37 %) students refuse to visit fast food restaurants. 40 (29 %) students visit them rarely (0-1 times a week). The rest of the students (46 (34 %)) visit fast food restaurants quite often (2-3 times a week).
Conclusions. The research allows to conclude that the university students don"t have the habits for keeping a healthy lifestyle. The proportion of the students who smoke is 12 %, and the number of students who often drink alcohol (more than 3 times a week) is 14 %. More than half of the students (58 %) lead a sedentary lifestyle, most of the students (60 %) eat bratwursts and sausages daily or very often. 34 % of the students often visit fast-food restaurants. But a considerable part of the students (72 %) refuse to drink sweet carbonated beverages.
What must we know about cardiovascular prevention in medical school freshmen?
Authors: Venevtseva Y , Golubeva ELENA , Putilin LEV 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction. Medical students have been found to report high levels of perceived stress that may be influenced on health status and academic performance. Digital era and e-learning produce novel risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) including arterial hypertension. In real life clinical practice in large healthy populations it is quite difficult to follow guidelines for hypertension screening due to the time deficit.
Purpose. The aim of the study was to examine prevalence of CVD risk factors and impact of casual blood pressure on cognitive function in 1st and 6th year medical male students.
Methods. Cross-sectional study was conducted during the period from 2014 to 2020. 222 first year (age (M ± m) 18.5 ± 0.1 years) and 207 6th year male medical students (age 23.5 ± 0.3 years) completed 45-item questionnaire about habitual life-behavior and performed 9 cognitive tasks. Blood pressure (BP) was self-measured by electronic device just prior to testing.
Results. In freshmen mean body height was (M ± m) 180.3 ± 0.5 cm; weight – 76.8 ± 1.1 kg, body mass index (BMI) – 23.6 ± 0.3 kg/m2; heart rate – 82.1 ± 0.9 bpm; casual systolic BP (SBP) -131.9 ± 2.3 and diastolic BP (DBP) – 77.6 ± 0.6 mm Hg. 6th year male students had similar height (179.6 ± 0.5 cm), but were heavier (80.5 ± 1.0 kg; p &lt; 0.01; BMI =24.9 ± 0.3 kg/m2; p &lt; 0.01). Heart rate (78.7 ± 0.8 bpm; p &lt; 0.05) and casual SBP (126.7 ± 0.8 mm Hg; p &lt; 0.05) were lower. No difference was found in DBP (77.8 ± 0.6 mm Hg).
Excessive body weight was detected in 16.6 % of 1st and in 36.2 % of 6th year students, obesity – in 8.5 and 6.8 % of students. 3 first year males and 1 – from 6th year group had morbid obesity (BMI &gt; 40.0). Low physical activity reported 22.1% and 29.9%. Current smokers were 16.1 % of 1st and 33.3 % of 6th year students, but only 9.4 and 18.8 % smoked permanently. Casual SBP lay in high normal range in 27.4 % of 1st and in 34.3% of 6th year, and above 140 mm Hg – in 21.5 and 14%.
Correlation analysis revealed in both groups significant positive correlations SBP and DBP to weight and BMI, SBP to height (p &lt; 0.05) and screen time (p &lt; 0.01) and DBP - to heart rate. Only in freshmen SPB was related to cognitive functions: 17-18 year’s ones with elevated BP made tests faster may be due to their greater arousal, whereas 19-20 year’s – slower, but had better working vision memory. Only in 17-18 year group existed negative association SBP to subjective vision value and smoking status.
Conclusions. Modern medical male students are at high risk of CVD: casual BP within the normal range was only in 49 % of 1st and in 48 % of 6th year students, 25 % of freshmen and 43 % of 6th year males were overweight or obese, and one quarter was physically inactive. Besides healthy lifestyle and nutrition promotion quite necessary is also to limit screen time.
Association of a favorable cardiovascular health profile (Life"s Simple 7 and Fuster-BEWAT scores) with the presence of a newly proposed 4-tiered left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Wang HY , Sun YX 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
AHA"s Life"s Simple 7 cardiovascular health score is recommended for use in primary prevention. Simpler tools not requiring laboratory tests, such as the Fuster-BEWAT score (FBS) (blood pressure [B], exercise [E], weight [W], alimentation [A], and tobacco [T]), are also available.

Purpose
This study sought to compare the effectiveness of Life"s Simple 7 and FBS in predicting the newly proposed 4-tiered left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) classification based on LV dilatation (high LV end-diastolic volume [EDV] index) and concentricity (mass/end-diastolic volume [M/EDV]0.67) in the general Chinese population.

Methods
Participants from Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health study who underwent cardiac echocardiography (n = 11,261) were enrolled. Patients with LVH were divided into 4 groups—eccentric nondilated (normal M/EDV and EDV), eccentric dilated (increased EDV, normal M/EDV), concentric nondilated (increased M/EDV, normal EDV), and concentric dilated (increased M/EDV and EDV)—and compared with patients with normal LVM.

Results
With poor Life"s Simple 7 and FBS as references, individuals with ideal Life"s Simple 7 and FBS showed lower adjusted odds of having eccentric nondilated (Life"s Simple 7, odds ratio [OR]: 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20 to 0.34 vs. FBS, OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.38), eccentric dilated (OR: 0.73 [0.57-0.94] vs. OR: 0.57 [0.43-0.76]), concentric nondilated (OR: 0.12 [0.04-0.38] vs. OR: 0.19 [0.07-0.52]), and concentric dilated LVH (OR: 0.12 [0.03-0.37] vs. OR: 0.26 [0.10-0.72]). Taken together, the odds for these 4 LV geometric phenotypes decreased in a graded manner in subjects with intermediate and ideal ICHS and FBS compared with subjects with poor ICHS and FBS (p for trend &lt;0.01). For the total ICHS and FBS on a continuous scale from 0 (all 7 poor) to 7 (all 7 ideal), risk reductions of the 4 distinct LVH patterns were of comparable magnitude for each 1-point increment of ICHS and FBS. Similar levels of significantly discriminating accuracy were found for Life"s Simple 7 and FBS with respect to the eccentric nondilated (C-statistic: 0.737; 95% CI: 0.725 to 0.750 vs. 0.731; 95% CI: 0.718 to 0.744, respectively), eccentric dilated (0.684 [0.670-0.699] vs. 0.686 [0.671-0.701]), concentric nondilated (0.658 [0.624-0.692] vs. 0.650 [0.615-0.684]), and concentric dilated LVH (0.711 [0.678-0.744] vs. 0.698 [0.663-0.733]).

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that the FBS appears capable of performing just as well as does the Life"s Simple 7 in predicting the novel 4-group classification of LVH, making the FBS particularly suited as a reliable low-cost indicator of CV health in settings where access to laboratory analysis is limited and health care resources are constrained.
Abstract Figure.
A nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological study of cardiovascular risk factors as a tool for management of primary and secondary prevention in Latvia
Authors: Bajare I , Dzerve V , Luguzis A , Barzdins J , Apinis P , Jegere S , Erglis A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND MINISTRY OF HEALTH, LATVIA

Background.
An increasing prevalence (PREV.) of noncomunicable diseases is a major public health concern in Latvia. Regular nationwide epidemiological studies present an opportunity to estimate the dinamics of PREV of health risk factors (RF) and thus assist in planning resources and improving prevention strategies at national level.
Objective. The aim was to analyze the PREV of cardiovascular RF identified in a epidemiological study in 2019-2020. To assess changes in RF prevalence, the results were compared to data from a similar study in 2009-2010.
Methods. 4070 inhabitants (age 25-74) of Latvia enrolled. The statistical sample (6000 pers.) was random selected from the Housing Register, Central Statistical Bureau (1’209’756 INDV). The survey included an interview, physical examination (body mass index (BMI), arterial pressure etc.) and venous blood sample collection for fasting glucose (Glu), total cholesterol (TC), high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (Tg) measurement. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS.
Results. The mean number of RF ((AH, TC, LDL-C, Tg, BMI, smoking, arterial hypertension) was 2,93 ±0.1 (mean ± SE) per person for the overall study population. The men group had a significantly greater number of RF than the female group (3.15 ± 0.15 vs.2.55 ± 0.12). A positive correlation between age and the number of RF was found. In the age group 65 and more, the mean number of RF decreased in men and stabilized in women. Although the mean number of RFs has decreased statistically insignificantly over 10 years, changes in the PREV of individual RFs are significant (see table). Decrease of PREV of elevated TC, LDL-C, Glu ≥3.0 mmol/L, as well as a decrease in the PREV of young smokers, men, should be noted.
Conclusion. The nationwide data can be used as the baseline characteristics against which other measurements can be compared down the road including of health prevention activities
Prevalence of most important RF (%) 2019-2020 2009-2010 RF All Men Women All Men Women TC≥5.0 mmol/L 63.2× 60.7× 65.4× 75,2 72.0 78.0 LDL-C≥3.0 mmol/L 62.0× 63.1× 61.1× 73.7 73.1 73.9 Glucose 5.6-6.99 mmol/L 22.1× 27.1× 17.8× 28.7 35.3 24.9 Arterial Hypertension 38.0× 41.1× 35.3× 44.8 52.9 40.2 BMI≥30.0 kg/m&sup2; 29.1 28.1 29.8 30.7 25.6 32.6 Daily smokers 25-34 y 30.3× 21.8 46.3 22.3 (x) p below 0.05 comparing years 2019-20 and 2009-10
Physical activity recommendation by cardiologists
Authors: Davolos I , Franchella J , Iglesias D , Paz I , Sayavedra G , Sotelo B , Gelormini A , Pappalettere C , Bucay C , Castiello G , Gonzalez Naya E , Stuart P , Filosa E , Pais De Almeida M , Diaz Babio G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

OnBehalf
Exercise Cardiology Council
Background. Large number of studies confirm benefits of physical activity (PA) to improve health. Recommendation guidelines lack tools for health professionals training in PA prescription.
Purpose. To show cardiologists knowledge degree and attitude regarding existing recommendations on PA.
Methods. Observational and cross-sectional study. n = 299. A virtual survey describes cardiologist profile, knowledge degree, planning and satisfaction while making PA recommendation.
Results. Cardiologists profile in Table 1. Mean age 47.27 (SD 11.92). Sedentary lifestyle is considered a cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) by 93.24%. 70% report performing PA complying with the recommendations of world health organization. 98.99% recommend PA while 80.74% also prescribe it. Prescribing PA, cardiologists self-rating is adequate-very adequate in 83%. Instruments used are guidelines (57.33%), self-perception (32%), expert opinion (25.33%). Most suggested mode of exercise is walking or jogging. Only 25.67% combine resistance and strength exercises. Only 13% choose to combine four parameters (heart rate, time, mode, intensity). Only 31.85% have undergone postgraduate training or education on PA prescription.
Conclusions. Approximately 25% of cardiologists use valid or formal indicators to prescribe PA. Cardiologist with CVRF perform less PA than the rest. It is observed that PA prescription is influenced by PA degree performed by the physician. Lack of training seems to be the biggest obstacle to PA prescription generalization.
n % Cardiologists 299 100 MaleFemale 195104 65,2234,78 Sector Private 172 58,11 Public 26 8,78 Both 98 33,11 Cardiovascular risk factors Hypertension 61 20,33 Dyslipidemia 59 19,67 Diabetes 15 5,00 Smoking 23 7,67 Overweight 84 28 Coronary heart disease 11 3,67