bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Umbilical cord blood therapy modulates neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury in both females and males
Authors: Penny Tayla R. , Pham Yen , Sutherland Amy E. , Lee Joohyung , Jenkin Graham , Fahey Michael C. , Miller Suzanne L. , McDonald Courtney A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPreclinical and clinical studies have shown that sex is a significant risk factor for perinatal morbidity and mortality, with males being more susceptible to neonatal hypoxic ischemic (HI) brain injury. No study has investigated sexual dimorphism in the efficacy of umbilical cord blood (UCB) cell therapy. HI injury was induced in postnatal day 10 (PND10) rat pups using the Rice-Vannucci method of carotid artery ligation. Pups received 3 doses of UCB cells (PND11, 13, 20) and underwent behavioural testing. On PND50, brains were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. Behavioural and neuropathological outcomes were assessed for sex differences. HI brain injury resulted in a significant decrease in brain weight and increase in tissue loss in females and males. Females and males also exhibited significant cell death, region-specific neuron loss and long-term behavioural deficits. Females had significantly smaller brains overall compared to males and males had significantly reduced neuron numbers in the cortex compared to females. UCB administration improved multiple aspects of neuropathology and functional outcomes in males and females. Females and males both exhibited injury following HI. This is the first preclinical evidence that UCB is an appropriate treatment for neonatal brain injury in both female and male neonates.
The role of caloric intake in the association of high salt intake with high blood pressure
Authors: Stern Naftali , Buch Assaf , Goldsmith Rebecca , Nitsan Lesley , Margaliot Miri , Endevelt Ronit , Marcus Yonit , Shefer Gabi , Grotto Itamar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSince current recommendations call for a substantial reduction in overall sodium consumption, we tested whether or not these recommendations are implemented in common large subpopulations such as those with abnormal weight or hypertension in the current high sodium, high-calorie nutritional environment. In a national representative cross-sectional survey of the community-dwelling subjects aged 25–65 years conducted in Israel between 2015 and 2017, 582 randomly selected subjects completed health and dietary questionnaires, underwent blood pressure and anthropometric measurements and collected 24-h urine specimens, to assess dietary sodium intake. Overall mean 24-h sodium excretion was 3834 mg, more than double the recommended upper intake for adults < 1500 mg/day. Sodium excretion was directly related to caloric intake and blood pressure and linked to the presence of hypertension and overweight/obesity. The highest sodium excretion was seen in overweight/obese hypertensive subjects. This recent national survey shows a high consumption of sodium in the Israeli population and a dose–response association between caloric intake and urinary sodium excretion, independent of BMI and hypertension. Nevertheless, overweight/obese subjects with hypertension consume (excrete) more sodium than other BMI/ blood pressure-related phenotypes and may thus comprise a target subpopulation for future efforts to reduce sodium intake.
A qualitative study among patients with an inherited retinal disease on the meaning of genomic unsolicited findings
Authors: Saelaert Marlies , Mertes Heidi , Moerenhout Tania , Van Cauwenbergh Caroline , Leroy Bart P. , Devisch Ignaas , De Baere Elfride 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExome-based testing for genetic diseases can reveal unsolicited findings (UFs), i.e. predispositions for diseases that exceed the diagnostic question. Knowledge of patients’ interpretation of possible UFs and of motives for (not) wanting to know UFs is still limited. This lacking knowledge may impede effective counselling that meets patients’ needs. Therefore, this article examines the meaning of UFs from a patient perspective. A qualitative study was conducted and an interpretative phenomenological analysis was made of 14 interviews with patients with an inherited retinal disease. Patients assign a complex meaning to UFs, including three main components. The first component focuses on result-specific qualities, i.e. the characteristics of an UF (inclusive of actionability, penetrance, severity and age of onset) and the consequences of disclosure; the second component applies to a patient’s lived illness experiences and to the way these contrast with reflections on presymptomatic UFs; the third component addresses a patient’s family embedding and its effect on concerns about disease prognosis and genetic information’s family relevance. The complex meaning structure of UFs suggests the need for counselling procedures that transcend a strictly clinical approach. Counselling should be personalised and consider patients’ lived illness experiences and family context.
Novel Tl(III) complexes containing pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate derivatives with selective anticancer activity through inducing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in A375 cells
Authors: Abdolmaleki Sara , Ghadermazi Mohammad , Aliabadi Alireza 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThree novel Tl(III) complexes (C1), (C2) and (C3) were synthesized using the one-pot reactions of pyridine dicarboxylic acid derivatives, 2-aminobenzimidazole and/or 4-aminopyridine, and also thallium(III) nitrate trihydrate metal salt. The structure of all three complexes was determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction. C1 and C2 were realized to be isostructural with disordered square anti-prismatic geometry and for C3 arrangement of the distorted tricapped triangular prism was proposed. Cyclic voltammetry measurements on the complexes exhibited that formal potential values are more positive for C1 (E0ˊ 0.109 V) and C3 (E0ˊ 0.244 V) compared to C2 (E0ˊ –0.051 V), versus Ag/AgCl under argon. Moreover, cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated in vitro against two cancer cell lines including a human melanoma (A375), a human colon adenocarcinoma (HT29), and also one normal cell human foreskin fibroblast (HFF). The selective and potent cytotoxicity effect was exhibited by C1 and C3 on cancer cell lines. The apoptosis through a caspase-dependent mitochondrion pathway was confirmed by ROS production, MMP reduction, p53 activation, Bax up-regulation, and Bcl-2 down-regulation, cytochrome c release, procaspase-9, and 3 expression, for A375 cells treated to C1 and C3. According to similar cellular uptake of the complexes in A375 cell line, the generation of ROS was considered as an effective agent to justify the inhibition effect C1 and C3 on mentioned cells. Furthermore, arresting the cell cycle in the G2-M phase and inducing apoptosis were indicated by these two complexes.
Immunogenomic pan-cancer landscape reveals immune escape mechanisms and immunoediting histories
Authors: Mizuno Shinichi , Yamaguchi Rui , Hasegawa Takanori , Hayashi Shuto , Fujita Masashi , Zhang Fan , Koh Youngil , Lee Su-Yeon , Yoon Sung-Soo , Shimizu Eigo , Komura Mitsuhiro , Fujimoto Akihiro , Nagai Momoko , Kato Mamoru , Liang Han , Miyano Satoru , Zhang Zemin , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Imoto Seiya 
Published: August 2021

AbstractImmune reactions in the tumor microenvironment are an important hallmark of cancer, and emerging immune therapies have been proven effective against several types of cancers. To investigate cancer genome-immune interactions and the role of immunoediting or immune escape mechanisms in cancer development, we analyzed 2834 whole genome and RNA sequencing datasets across 31 distinct tumor types with respect to key immunogenomic aspects and provided comprehensive immunogenomic profiles of pan-cancers. We found that selective copy number changes in immune-related genes may contribute to immune escape. Furthermore, we developed an index of the immunoediting history of each tumor sample based on the information of mutations in exonic regions and pseudogenes and evaluated the immunoediting history of each tumor. Our immuno-genomic analyses of pan-cancers have the potential to identify a subset of tumors with immunogenicity and diverse backgrounds or intrinsic pathways associated with their immune status and immunoediting history.
Hybridization with mountain hares increases the functional allelic repertoire in brown hares
Authors: Pohjoismäki Jaakko L. O. , Michell Craig , Levänen Riikka , Smith Steve 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBrown hares (Lepus europaeus Pallas) are able to hybridize with mountain hares (L. timidus Linnaeus) and produce fertile offspring, which results in cross-species gene flow. However, not much is known about the functional significance of this genetic introgression. Using targeted sequencing of candidate loci combined with mtDNA genotyping, we found the ancestral genetic diversity in the Finnish brown hare to be small, likely due to founder effect and range expansion, while gene flow from mountain hares constitutes an important source of functional genetic variability. Some of this variability, such as the alleles of the mountain hare thermogenin (uncoupling protein 1, UCP1), might have adaptive advantage for brown hares, whereas immunity-related MHC alleles are reciprocally exchanged and maintained via balancing selection. Our study offers a rare example where an expanding species can increase its allelic variability through hybridization with a congeneric native species, offering a route to shortcut evolutionary adaptation to the local environmental conditions.
GATA3 maintains the quiescent state of cochlear supporting cells by regulating p27kip1
Authors: Xu Jiadong , Yu Dongliang , Dong Xuhui , Xie Xiaoling , Xu Mei , Guo Luming , Huang Liang , Tang Qi , Gan Lin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHaplo-insufficiency of the GATA3 gene causes hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural hearing loss, and renal disease (HDR) syndrome. Previous studies have shown that Gata3 is required for the development of the prosensory domain and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) of the mouse cochlea during embryogenesis. However, its role in supporting cells (SCs) after cell fate specification is largely unknown. In this study, we used tamoxifen-inducible Sox2CreERT2 mice to delete Gata3 in SCs of the neonatal mouse cochlea and showed that loss of Gata3 resulted in the proliferation of SCs, including the inner pillar cells (IPCs), inner border cells (IBCs), and lateral greater epithelium ridge (GER). In addition, loss of Gata3 resulted in the down-regulation of p27kip1, a cell cycle inhibitor, in the SCs of Gata3-CKO neonatal cochleae. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that GATA3 directly binds to p27kip1 promoter and could maintain the quiescent state of cochlear SCs by regulating p27kip1 expression. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed that loss of Gata3 function resulted in the change in the expression of genes essential for the development and function of cochlear SCs, including Tectb, Cyp26b1, Slitrk6, Ano1, and Aqp4.
Biocompatible dextran-coated gadolinium-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents with high T1 relaxivity and selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells
Authors: Popov A. L. , Abakumov M. A. , Savintseva I. V. , Ermakov A. M. , Popova N. R. , Ivanova O. S. , Kolmanovich D. D. , Baranchikov A. E. , Ivanov V. K. 
Published: August 2021

Dextran-coated gadolinium-modified ceria nanoparticles possess excellent colloidal stability, high r1-relaxivity, demonstrate efficient cell internalisation and selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells.
High performance D-type plastic fiber SPR sensor based on a hyperbolic metamaterial composed of Ag/MgF2
Authors: Yang Wen , Gao Jinjuan , Li Zhen , Li Chonghui , Cheng Yangyang , Huo Yanyan , Jiang Shouzhen , Jiang Mingshun 
Published: August 2021

The D-POF Hyperbolic Metamaterial SPR sensor has excellent detection performance based on the unique multimode response and high K conduction mode of Ag and MgF2 structure.
The role of Cr3+ and Cr4+ in emission brightness enhancement and sensitivity improvement of NIR-emitting Nd3+/Er3+ ratiometric luminescent thermometers
Authors: Piotrowski W. , Dalipi L. , Szukiewicz R. , Fond B. , Dramicanin M. , Marciniak L. 
Published: August 2021

In this paper, co-doping with Cr3+/4+ is proposed as a strategy to enhance the near-infrared luminescence emission of Nd3+/Er3+-based luminescence thermometers and modulate the temperature sensitivity of the ratio of Nd3+ to Er3+ in YAG.
Using IoT to Dynamically Test Smart Connected Devices
Authors: Cazacu Carmen Cristiana , Chiscop Florina , Cazacu Dragos Alexandru 
Published: August 2021

The aim of this paper is to introduce and validate a new concept of testing smart connected devices (SCD) that have inertial measurement units (IMU) or gyroscopic and accelerometers, like smart bracelets, smart watches or even mobile phones after they have been assembled, in their way to the packaging area.
The devices will be tested dynamically, while they travel on the conveyor using the IoT (Internet of Things) and some expected values for acceleration and angle variations. Using IoT to dynamically test electronic SCD, while they travel on a conveyor after the assembly process had been completed, will reduce the time to market and will exclude the need for a testing area. Once the SCD arrives at the packing area, the system will know and sort the device that are QA (Quality Assurance) passed or failed (the devices that will not send the expected values to the system).
In order to prove this concept, we created a SCD that use an IMU connected to a Raspberry PI, boxed together. The PI is connected to ThingWorx (IoT platform that includes machine learning) and the box travel on different types of conveyor belts in order to validate this new concept.
Recent Advances on Annulation Reactions with Allyl and Propargyl Sulfonium Salts
Authors: Li Jun-Long , Li Qing-Zhu , Zou Wen-Lin , Jia Zhi-Qiang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAllyl and propargyl sulfonium salts are readily available reagents that have recently emerged as versatile building blocks for the assembly of cyclic skeletons. As an alternative to classical sulfonium salts, allyl and propargyl sulfonium salts can be converted into the corresponding vinyl sulfur ylide or allenic sulfonium salt intermediates that contain diverse nucleophilic or electrophilic reactive positions, thereby enabling a great variety of annulation reactions. In this short review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in this growing field by summarizing annulation reactions involving allyl and propargyl sulfonium salts. 1	Introduction2	Annulations with Allyl Sulfonium Salts3	Annulations with Propargyl Sulfonium Salts4	Conclusion
The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: Validating at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Acharya Kunjan , Shrivastav Shreya , Triipathi Prashant , Gyawali Bigyan Raj , Kharel Bijaya , Baskota Dharma Kanta , Sinha Pallavi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction Fine needle aspiration cytopathology (FNAC) is widely used for the stratification of thyroid nodules.
Objective The objective of the present study is to validate FNAC reporting based on The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) at our institution and to calculate the risk of malignancy in each category.
Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted jointly at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat and at the Department of Pathology for a period of 1.5 years (May 2018 to November 2018). All cases presenting with thyroid swelling in the outpatient department were investigated with ultrasonography (USG) of the neck, thyroid function test, and FNAC. All FNAC reporting was done according to TBSRTC.
Results A total of 134 thyroidectomies were performed during the study period. The female to male ratio was 5.3:1. The age ranged from 11 to 74 years old. with a mean age of 51 years old. The FNAC has a specificity of 84.9%, a sensitivity of 89.4%, a positive predictive value of 86.4%, a negative predictive value of 88.2%, and an accuracy of 87.3% in detecting thyroid cancer. The implied risk of malignancy (ROM) in Bethesda II, III, IV, V and VI is 11.7%, 25%,40%,76.6% & 96%, respectively.
Conclusion The four studied categories had a ROM comparable to other studies, except for the Bethesda III category. Further studies with larger sample sizes and with the use of USG guidance for the aspiration from the thyroid swelling may give better results by reducing the number of false negative and false positive cases.
Transarterial Chemoembolization in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Patidar Yashwant , Mukund Amar , Sarin Shiv K. ,   Basavaraj
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is a common complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring in 30 to 40% of cases. The presence of PVTT in HCC is regarded as an advanced disease that confers poor prognosis and survival. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has traditionally been considered to be contraindicated in cases of PVTT, due to the risk of hepatic infarction, and further deteriorate liver function. We evaluated safety, technical efficacy, and outcomes of TACE in HCC with PVTT.
Methods From search results of the hospital database, out of 652 patients who underwent TACE for HCC, 73 patients of HCC with PVTT were retrospectively evaluated. Post-TACE tumor response by computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging as per modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST) criteria, if any occurrence of acute hepatic failure was assessed. Prognostic factors influencing survival were also determined.
Results In our study population, the mean age of the patients was 58 years. The 12- and 24-month survival rates were 59 and 14%, respectively, with an overall median survival of 12.3 months. A total of 58.9% patients had branch portal vein tumor thrombus and 41.1% had tumor thrombus in the main portal vein. We did not encounter any mortality or acute liver failure following TACE in a 30-day period. Both univariate and multivariate analysis revealed Child–Pugh score (p = 0.01) and the extent of tumoral thrombus (p 0.004) as a significant prognostic factor. Patients with branch PVTT, no ascites, and Child–Pugh A had better survival than those having main portal vein tumor thrombus, ascites, and Child–Pugh B.
Conclusion Our study concluded that TACE can achieve good disease control and improved survival in HCC with portal vein invasion despite being considered as a relative contraindication. Technical expertise, selection of patients, such as superselective catheterization and preserved liver function, are the key factors for a safe therapeutic procedure. Child–Pugh score and extent of portal vein invasion were the significant prognostic factors determining survival.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Uterine Cervix: A Pictorial Essay
Authors: Gala Foram B. , Gala Kunal B. , Gala Bharat M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUterine cervix is the lower constricted part of uterus which is best evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to its higher soft tissue and contrast resolution. The cervical cancer is a common gynecological cancer causing much morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries. Cervical carcinomas mainly occurs in reproductive age group with prognosis mainly depending on the extent of disease at the time of diagnosis, hence it is important to identify these cancerous lesions early and stage them accurately for optimal treatment. In this article, we will review the following: (1) the normal MRI anatomy of uterine cervix; (2) MRI protocol and techniques in evaluation of cervical lesions; (3) imaging of spectrum of various congenital abnormalities and pathologies affecting uterine cervix which ranges from congenital abnormalities to various benign lesions of cervix like nabothian cysts, tunnel cysts, cervicitis, cervical fibroid, and, lastly, endometriosis which usually coexists with adenomyosis; the malignant lesions include carcinoma cervix, adenoma malignum or direct extension from carcinoma endometrium or from carcinoma of vagina; (4) Accurately stage carcinoma of cervix using FIGO classification (2018); and (5) posttreatment evaluation of cervical cancers. MRI is the most reliable imaging modality in evaluation of various cervical lesions, identification of cervical tumors, staging of the cervical malignancy, and stratifying patients for surgery and radiation therapy. It also plays an important role in detection of local disease recurrence.
Double-filter high-resolution soft x-ray tomographic diagnostic for investigating electron acceleration in TS-6 reconnection merging experiments
Authors: Xiang Junguang , Takeda Shinjiro , Cai Yunhan , Tanabe Hiroshi , Cao Qinghong , Tanaka Haruaki , Ono Yasushi 
Published: August 2021

An innovative tangential-view soft x-ray (SXR) tomographic imaging measurement was developed on the TS-6 spherical tokamak merging device as a key diagnostic for investigating the mechanism of electron acceleration. In order to measure SXR with different energy ranges, two micro-channel plates (MCPs) are, respectively, installed in two vacuum chambers, which are equipped with different filters. Especially designed lenses and fiber bundles serve as an optical system to transfer images from phosphor plates of MCPs to a high speed imaging system. This design also enables us to simultaneously measure two images appearing on phosphor plates of MCPs by just one high speed imaging system. The temporal and spatial resolution of this diagnostic can be up to 5 µs and 4 mm, respectively, at present. The tomographic method based on the Phillips–Tikhonov regularization is employed to reconstruct line-integrated images into the local emissivity of SXR, which reflects the spatial distribution of high-energy electrons. Owing to this diagnostic, we successfully measured SXR emitted from the downstream region of magnetic reconnection in TS-6 merging experiments for the first time. The energy range of SXR turned out to be higher than 100 eV but lower than 400 eV.