bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MECHANOCHEMICAL ACTIVATION METHOD TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS
REFINING OF VEGETABLE OILS
Authors: МАРТОВЩУК В.И. , КАЛМАНОВИЧ С.А. , ЛОБАНОВ А.А. , МАРТОВЩУК Е.В. 
Published: November 2021

Исследовано влияние механохимической активации на гидратируемость фосфолипидов растительных масел. Для эксперимента использовали механохимический активатор, обеспечивающий высокие локальные давления, сдвиговые деформации и кавитационный эффект, при следующих параметрах работы: давление на контактирующих поверхностях 70 МПа, частота 180 Гц, скорость сдвига 10200 с–1, размер капли эмульсии 1–2 мкм. Обработку образцов подсолнечного масла осуществляли в течение от 0 до 80 с при температурах 50, 60 и 70°С. Активность фосфолипидов оценивали по величине их адсорбции на границе с полярной поверхностью (водой) в оптимальном температурном режиме при обработке в механохимическом активаторе и без нее. Установлено, что механохимическая активация способствует снижению энергии активации с 6,4 до 4,7 кДж/моль за счет химических и структурных изменений фосфолипидов. В жирнокислотном составе фосфолипидов на 10–12% увеличилось содержание олеиновой кислоты при соответствующем уменьшении линолевой; в фосфатидилэтаноламинах и фосфатидилсеринах отмечено увеличение до 3% содержания пальмитиновой кислоты и незначительно – стеариновой кислоты. Эти изменения жирнокислотного состава и физических свойств фосфолипидов способствуют повышению их гидратируемости и уменьшению доли полиненасыщенных жирных кислот, что должно обеспечить стабильность обработанных в механохимическом активаторе масел к окислению при хранении.
The effect of mechanochemical activation on the hydration of phospholipids of vegetable oils has been studied. A mechanochemical activator providing high local pressures, shear deformations and cavitation effect was used for the experiment with the following operating parameters: pressure on the contact surfaces of 70 MPa, frequency of 180 Hz, shear rate of 10200 s–1, the size of the emulsion drop of 1–2 microns. Processing of sunflower oil samples was carried out during 0 to 80 s at temperatures of 50, 60 and 70°C. The activity of phospholipids was estimated by the amount of their adsorption at the border with the polar surface (water) in the optimal temperature mode when processed in a mechanochemical activator and without it. It was found that mechanochemical activation contributes to a decrease in the activation energy from 6,4 to 4,7 kJ/mol due to chemical and structural changes in phospholipids. In the fatty acid composition of phospholipids, the content of oleic acid increased by 10–12% with a corresponding decrease in linoleic acid; in phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylserines, the increase in the content of palmitic acid was noted to 3%, and stearic acid – slightly. These changes in the fatty acid composition and physical properties of phospholipids contribute to increasing their hydration and reducing the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which should ensure the stability of the oils processed in the mechanochemical activator to oxidation during storage.
MARKETING RESEARCH OF CONSUMER PREFERENCES OF SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN WHEN CHOOSING SUGAR AND FLOUR CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS
Authors: КАЛМАНОВИЧ С.А. , ТАРАНЕЦ О.В. , ДУБРОВСКАЯ И.А. , ШИНКАРЕНКО Ю.В. , КИСЛАЯ К.М. , ОБГОЛЬЦ М.А. , РУМАК С.Е. 
Published: November 2021

Для изменения сложившегося рациона питания школьников необходимо замещение традиционных продуктов с низкой пищевой ценностью альтернативными продуктами функционального назначения, соответствующими потребностям детского организма. Особый интерес для производства функциональных продуктов представляют кондитерские изделия, которые пользуются большим покупательским спросом у населения, особенно у детей. С целью создания рекомендаций по изменению ассортимента выпускаемой продукции, способов ее рекламирования и стимулирования покупательского спроса проведены маркетинговые исследования потребительских предпочтений обучающихся трех возрастных групп – 7–11, 12–15 и 16–18 лет при выборе сахаристых и мучных кондитерских изделий. Опрос был проведен в форме анкетирования. Опросный лист состоял из закрытых вопросов, которые были поделены на альтернативные вопросы, предполагающие возможность выбора только одного варианта ответа, и вопросы-«меню», позволяющие респондентам выбрать одновременно несколько вариантов ответа. В опросе обучающихся младшего школьного возраста приняли участие и их родители. Всего было опрошено 446 человек. Результаты опроса представлены в виде диаграмм. Установлено, что наиболее предпочитаемым видом сахаристых кондитерских изделий является шоколад, мучных – печенье. Определены критерии выбора респондентов при покупке кондитерских изделий.
Replacing traditional products with low nutritional value with alternative functional products that meet the needs of the child's body is necessary to change the current diet of schoolchildren. Confectionery products that are in high consumer demand among the population, especially children, are of particular interest for the production of functional products. Marketing research of consumer preferences of students of three age groups – 7–11, 12–15 and 16–18 years old when choosing sugar and flour confectionery products was conducted in order to create recommendations for changing the range of products, ways to advertise it and stimulate consumer demand. The survey was conducted in the form of a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended questions that were divided into alternative questions that allow you to choose only one answer option, and questions-«menu» that allow respondents to choose several answer options at the same time. Рarents of schoolchildren of the younger age group also took part in the survey. A total of 446 people were interviewed. The results of the survey are presented in the form of diagrams. It is established that the most preferred type of sugar confectionery is chocolate, flour – cookies. The criteria for choosing respondents when purchasing confectionery products are defined.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY AND RECIPES FOR HANDMADE SWEETS WITH THE ADDITION OF CAROB
Authors: КОСТИНА М.В. , ТАМОВА М.Ю. , ЧУМАК А.А. 
Published: November 2021

Разработаны рецептуры и технологии конфет ручной работы пониженной калорийности, обогащенных биологически активными веществами без изменения оригинальных органолептических свойств. Обоснована возможность использования кэроба как заменителя какао. Исследована замена кэробом какао в различных концентрациях в рецептуре конфет. Описана технология конфет ручной работы функционального назначения с добавлением ягод черной смородины и порошка кэроба. Оценены показатели качества модельных композиций конфет с использованием порошка кэроба. Установлено, что совершенствование технологии производства шоколада позволило получить продукт с функциональным значением, сниженной энергетической ценностью, допустимыми органолептическими показателями и повышенным содержанием витамина С и пищевых волокон.Пищевая ценность одной порции (100 г) разработанной продукции – конфет с кэробом составила по сравнению с контролем соответственно, %: белки 5,9/8,1; жиры 56/60; пищевые волокна 64/36; витамин C 67/0; энергетическая ценность, ккал, 388/516. Снижение калорийности, повышение содержания витамина С и пищевых волокон в шоколадном батончике достигается за счет введения свежих ягод черной смородины. Применение измельчения без удаления семечек и кожицы ягод позволило повысить содержание пищевых волокон в готовом изделии.
Recipes and technologies of handmade sweets of reduced caloric content, enriched with biologically active substances without changing the original organoleptic properties, have been developed. The possibility of using carob as a substitute for cocoa is justified. The substitution of carob for cocoa in various concentrations in the candy recipe was investigated. The technology of handmade functional sweets with the addition of black currant berries and carob powder is described. The quality indicators of model candy compositions using carob powder were evaluated. It was found that the improvement of the technology of chocolate production allowed us to obtain a product with a functional value, reduced energy value, acceptable organoleptic parameters and an increased content of vitamin C and dietary fiber. The nutritional value of one serving (100 g) of the developed products – sweets with carob – was in comparison with the control, respectively, %: protein 5,9/8,1; fat 56/60; dietary fiber 64/36; vitamin C 67/0; energy value, kcal, 388/516. Reducing the caloric content, increasing the content of vitamin C and dietary fiber in a chocolate bar is achieved by introducing fresh black currant berries. The use of grinding without removing the seeds and skins of berries allowed to increase the content of dietary fiber in the finished product.
Symbolism in Charles Dickens’s Oliver Twist (1837-9): A critical study: الرمزية الأدبية في رواية تشارلز ديكنز "أوليفر تويست" دراسة نقدية
Authors: Rajaa Radwan Hillis Rajaa Radwan Hillis 
Published: October 2021

When Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist in the 1830s, poverty and crime were huge problems in London. To highlight these problems throughout his novel, the author used various literary techniques to create an interaction between the reader and the text in which text can have multiple meanings that can shift over the time. Thus, he uses symbols to evoke a range of additional meaning and significance. His purpose is to get the reader’s attention to construct meaning as the plot progress to what he intends to communicate about innocent individuals or villainous ones. Symbolism, irony, and satire were among the tools he used in his work. They work together to convey a deeper embedded meaning to cast suggestions about the development of the novel to emphasize the point the author seeks to stress throughout the novel. Drawing upon the importance of literary devices in unfolding the thematic concerns of the novel, this paper seeks to run an in-depth analysis of how symbolism played a vital role throughout Oliver Twist. The paper argues that through symbolism, the author channels meaning in Oliver Twist to develop the thematic concerns of the novel in creative ways to shape the reader’s response and to create a strong bond between the reader and the text. The paper argues that literary symbolism in Charles Dickens’s novel is based on evoking the mental image in the reader’s mind to structure meaning through his/her interaction with the text and then shaping his response according to his/her experience. It also creates a strong bond between the reader and the text.
منهجية الإمام الحصيري في ترتيب الموضوعات الفقهية من خلال كتابه الحاوي في الفتاوى -دراسة مقارنة-
Authors: ELBAKRİ Zehra , JABARI Shaker 
Published: October 2021

تتناول هذه الدراسة تقسيمات الأبواب الفقهية عند الإمام الحصيري في كتابه حاوي الفتاوى والمعروف أيضا بحاوي الحصيري، مع مقارنة تقسيم الأبواب الفقهية بمنهجية علماء المذهب الحنفي في تقسيمات الأبواب الفقهية، وبعدها يتم مقارنتها بمنهجية تقسيمات علماء الشافعية للأبواب الفقيه: يقسم الإمام الحصيري الأبواب الفقهية إلى أربع أقسام، القسم الأول: العبادات، القسم الثاني في المعاملات والمباحات، القسم الثالث: في المحظورات والمكروهات، القسم الرابع في الجنايات والعقوبات، وجعل تحت كل قسم أبواب متعددة، وختم كتابه بخاتمة سماها القسم الأخير تناول فيها موضوعات متفرقة مثل عقيدة السلف الصالح، ومناقب أبي حنيفة ومحمد بن الحسن وأبي يوسف.
من خلال الدراسة يتم عرض الموضوعات الفقهية التي ذكرها الإمام الحصيري واحدة تلو الأخرى، ومن ثم نحاول بيان وتوضيح أسباب ورود الأبواب الفقهية في تلك الأقسام وتعلقها، وذكر مناسبة الكتب في ورودها وترتيبها من خلال مراجعة الكتب الفقهية الحنفية، وبعد ذلك يتم ذكر موضع كل كتاب عند علماء الشافعية في كتبهم الفقهية ومناسبة ورودها، ومحاولة تمييز الاختلاف بين تقسيمات الحصيري للأبواب الفقهية وتقسيمات علماء المذهب الحنفي، وكذلك الأمر مع تقسيمات المذهب الشافعي للأبواب الفقهية.
تميز ترتيب الإمام الحصيري للموضوعات الفقهية في كتابه حاوي الفتاوى عن نمط ترتيب الأبواب الفقهية عند علماء المذهب الحنفي، ومن باب أولى كان تميزه واختلافه عن علماء الشافعية في ترتيباتهم لأبواب موضوعات الفقه.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLICY ON THE TRANSFER OF AGRICULTURAL LAND FUNCTIONS TO RESIDENTIAL AREA IN WEST LOMBOK REGENCY
Authors: Salmah Emi , Sahri  , Hakim Lukman , Masrun  , Suprianto  , Kafrawi  
Published: October 2021

In certain cases, the conversion of paddy fields is unavoidable. Nevertheless, the change in land use must consider various aspects of the feasibility of development, both legal aspects, physical aspects of the area, the environment and others.The objectives are to, analyze the implementation of the policy on the transfer of agricultural land into residential areas, and analyze the factors that support and hinder the implementation of the policy. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, using primary and secondary data. Data collection methods are interviews, in-depth (Indep interview) and direct discussion or Focus Group Discussion (FGD), observation and literature review.
The results of the study indicate that the activity of land conversion into a residential area in West Lombok Regency has been guided by the Regional Regulation and Regional Spatial Planning (RSP) No. 11 / 2011. The use of agricultural land for residential areas has been regulated in the determination of the spatial pattern of residential areas in urban areas. and rural areas, the inhibiting factor in implementing the land use change policy is the absence of a detailed regional spatial planning plan and the limited number of field officers. The supporting factors are the Regional Spatial Planning Coordination Team, which is coordinated by the Regional Secretary. The recommendation given is to immediately issue a Detailed Spatial Plan so that there is an even distribution of housing areas. It is necessary to make a regional regulation that specifically examines and regulates the conversion of land functions.
RELATIONS OF SECONDARY STUDENTS’ INTRINSIC MOTIVATION AND ASPIRATIONS WITH THEIR SELF-CONCEPT IN SCIENCE
Authors: Narangoda N.W.L. , Chandrasena W.D. , Madawala H.M.S.P. 
Published: October 2021

Science is a critical area as it focuses on meeting basic human needs by laying the necessary foundation in everybody in diverse fields. Thus, science impacts everybody in the world and science education demonstrate utmost important. If students have intrinsic motivation, they are well engaged, enquiring, attentive and willing to participate in learning process and the intrinsically motivated behaviors help them acquire knowledge and experience regarding science. Educational aspirations, career aspirations and self-concept promote for better science education. Thus, the present study aimed to address the relations of secondary students’ intrinsic motivation and aspiration with their self-concept in science. This is a mixed methods study and sample comprised 2384 students in Grade 8 and Grade 9. In this study, an intervention was implemented to explore students’ intrinsic motivation, aspirations and self-concept using appropriate teaching methodologies and strategies; results reveal that, there were strong positive relationships of students’ intrinsic motivation and aspirations with their self-concept (r2= .934;.926 respectively) in the experimental group. However, there were very low positive relationships of students’ intrinsic motivation and aspirations with their self-concept (r2 = .093; .058 respectively) in the control group. Further, there were significant differences of students’ intrinsic motivation, aspirations and self-concept before and after the intervention in the experimental group; t=51.926(1232) p=.000; t= 48.513(1232) p=.000; t= 53.689(1232) p=.000 respectively. There was no such significant difference of the above, before and after the intervention in the control group; t=-.5(1150) p=.323; t=-.989(1150) p=.116; t= 1.572 (1150), p=.617 respectively. The findings of the study provided greater understanding of the above relations, develop suitable teaching and learning methodologies and inform the practice of science education.
Silica-Supported Sulfuric Acid as Doping Agent in Synthesis of a New Composite of Poly(o-methoxyaniline) Under Solid-State Condition
Authors: Modarresi-Alam Ali Reza , Shariati Ilnaz 
Published: October 2021

The objective of this research is the synthesis and characterization of the novel composite of poly(o-methoxyaniline)/silica-supported sulfuric acid (POMA-SSSA). The synthesis is done by doping of poly (o-methoxyaniline) emeraldine base in the presence of silica-supported sulfuric acid (SiO2-H2SO4, SSSA) under solid-state (solvent-free) conditions. Herein, poly(o-methoxyaniline) emeraldine salt (POMA-SA) is prepared simply by mixing the base form with H2SO4 in solid-state. The doping process is verified by ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. It is shown that the polymers and composites have maximum doping and the doping counter ion in POMA-SA and POMA-SSSA-bw (before work-up) is HSO4– and in the POMA-SSSA-aw (after work-up) is SO42-. The prepared composites show good conductivity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that POMA molecules thoroughly have coated the surface of silica. Moreover, the morphology studies of composites show a smooth surface and sheet-like layer that have covered the particles within the range of 0.5 to 1 μm.
Kajian self adjustment pada mahasiswa kelas internasional
Authors: Handayani Puji Gusri , Yuca Verlanda , Hidayat Hafiz , Hariko Rezki , Febriani Rahmi Dwi 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis self adjustment pada mahasiswa dan menguji perbedaan self adjustment mahasiswa kelas internasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 212 mahasiswa kelas internasional Universitas Negeri Padang, dengan menggunakan total sampling yaitu menggunakan seluruh mahasiswa kelas internasional. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif komparatif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah “Inventory Self Adjustment Puji and Verlanda” (ISAPUVE) dengan reliabilitas 0,80. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan self adjustment mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan pada kelas internasional di Universitas Negeri Padang. Diharapkan UPBK (Unit Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling) Universitas Negeri Padang memfasilitasi mahasiswa untuk dapat menekan self adjustment yang rendah melalui layanan yang tersedia di UPBK.
Model perumusan kebijakan pendidikan
Authors: Marsari Henni , Hairani Sunita , Gistituati Nurhizrah 
Published: November 2021

Perumusan kebijakan pendidikan sangat penting untuk dilaksanakan agar tujuan pendidikan yang telah disusun dapat dicapai secara maksimal. Untuk merumuskan kebijakan pendidikan maka perlu diketahui model-model perumusan kebijakan pendidikan tersebut. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menginformasikan model formulasi kebijakan pendidikan agar dapat dijadikan solusi dalam melahirkan kebijakan pendidikan. Metodologi penulisan ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Penulisan artikel ini dilakukan dengan mengkaji sebanyak 26 artikel nasional yang berhubungan dengan kebijakan pendidikan yang terdapat pada database google scholar.. Dari hasil pengkajian ditemukan beberapa model perumusan kebijakan pendidikan yaitu model kelembagaan, model sistem, model penyelidikan,model elit, model rasional, model inkrementalis, model analisis kebijakan, dan model pendekatan implementasi kebijakan publik. Pengkajian ini juga menemukan bahwa model perumusan kebijakan yang tepat digunakan di Indonesia adalah model analisis kebijakan pendidikan dan model implementasi kebijakan publik.
Perkembangan siswa sekolah dasar: tinjauan dari aspek bahasa
Authors: Desrinelti Desrinelti , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Murni Irda 
Published: November 2021

Pembelajaran disekolah dasar harus memperhatikan aspek perkembangan siswa. saah satu satu aspek perkembangan yang perlu diperhatikan adalah aspek perkembangan bahasa. Aspek perkembangan bahasa akan berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kognitif siswa. Oleh sebab itu perlunya informasi lebih lanjut mengenai perkembangan bahasa siswa sekolah dasar. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi mengenai perkembangan bahasa siswa sekolah dasar. Penulisan ini menggunakan metodologi studi kepustakaan dengan menganalisis 31 artikel yang berhubungan dengan perkembangan siswa yang terdapat pada data base google scholar. Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi yang digunakan oleh individu dalam kehidupan sehari-hari untuk melakukan interaksi dengan individu lainnya. Bahasa merupakan sarana yang efektif dalam proses berkomunikasi dengan individu lainnya. Pada awal perkembangan bahsa dimulau dengan proses peniruan bunyi maupun suara tanpa adanya arti yang kemudian diikuti pengucapan suku kata, penyusunan kalimat secara sederhana, dan berlanjut kepada kalimat yang lebih kompleks. Anak usia sekolah dasar memiliki perkembangan yang berbeda pada setiap tingkatan umur yang dilalui. Namun tidak ada yang dapat memastikan bahwa aspek perkembangan bahasa siswa memiliki tingkat perkembangan yang sama. Namun guru sebagai penanggung jawab disekolah dasar harus memastikan tercapai nya tugas perkembangan siswa yang terdiri dari pemahaman, pengembangan pembendaharaan kata, menyusun kata-kata menjadi kalimat dan ucapan.
Model Kepemimpinan Otokratif Manajemen Sekolah dalam Mendukung Kinerja Guru
Authors: Della Rahma , Giatman Muhammad , Ernawati Ernawati 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis manajemen pengambilan keputusan sekolah untuk meningkatkan hasil kinerja guru SMKN 1 Bungo, mendeskripsikan peran kepala sekolah dalam manajemennya mendukung kinerja guru SMKN 1 Bungo, mendeskripsikan kewenangan kepala sekolah dalam manajemennya mendukung kinerja guru SMKN 1 Bungo, mendeskripsikan kontribusi signifikan gaya kepemimpinan manajemen sekolah dalam mendukung kinerja guru SMKN 1 Bungo melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif studi kasus. Data didapatkan melalui proses wawancara, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumen. Subjek dalam penelitian yaitu kepala sekolah beserta wakil, dan guru-guru serta data dari dokumen yang diambil melalui observasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji kredibilitas data serta menggunakan triangulasi melalui model analisis data interaktif Milles dan Huberman. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan peran penting manajemen kepala sekolah dalam pengambilan keputusan terhadap kewenangannya, kebijakan kepala sekolah merupakan betuk motivasi dalam pengevaluasian kinerja guru, Peran dan Kontribusi Gaya Kepemimpinan Otokratif kepala sekolah dalam memanajemenkan sekolaah sangat berpengaruh dalam menentukan kebijakan yang diambil demi perkembangan dan prestasi sekolah.
Implikasi Perilaku Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Layanan Bidang Akademik Staf di Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Nasution Marsinah Dewi Feiyska 
Published: November 2021

<span>Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP) merupakan salah satu Lembaga Pendidikan Tenaga Kependidikan (LPTK) yang menghasilkan tenaga pendidik (guru) dan tenaga kependidikan. Pelayanan akademik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas yang diberikan oleh staf administrasi pada saat ini masih belum cukup optimal. Keadaan tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa kinerja layanan akademik oleh tenaga kependidikan di UNP belum memberi kepuasan yang maksimal kepada penerima layanan. Fenomena yang ada mengindikasikan bahwa kinerja staf administrasi UNP belum cukup optimal yang diduga terpengaruh oleh perilaku kepemimpinan. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini menelaah apakah perilaku kepemimpinan berpengaruh kepada hasil kinerja layanan akademik di UNP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode <em>Explanatory Survey</em>, yaitu melalui teknik pengumpulan data dengan angket yang diperoleh dari 55 staf administrasi UNP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja layanan akademik di UNP secara signifikan terpengaruh oleh perilaku kepemimpinan. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan berdasarkan terdapatnya respon dari staf terhadap perilaku kepemimpinan oleh pimpinan UNP, yang berimplikasi terhadap kinerja para staf pada pemberian layanan bidang akademik.</span>