bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The amphipod fauna assemblage along the Mediterranean Israeli coast, a spatiotemporal overview
Authors: Iaciofano Davide , Mancini Emanuele , Lubinevsky Hadas , Lo Brutto Sabrina 
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, intense human activities and increased maritime transportation triggered heavy pressure on the Israeli coastal ecosystem and, meanwhile, the eastern Mediterranean experienced the highest temperature values. With the assumption that both kinds of anthropogenic drivers could alter the benthic taxocenosis, a monitoring survey covering a period ranging from 2010 to 2017 was addressed to assess changes in the macrozoobenthos on spatial and temporal scales. The present study focused on the crustacean amphipod fauna collected on the soft bottom littoral area. Twenty-five species and taxa (genus level) were detected under the temporal survey in the same stations, located along a north-south axis, from the northernmost Haifa Bay to the southern area. The dataset showed a temporally stable assemblage of the most common species. Seven species showed the greatest abundance and a constant presence: the Levantine endemic Cheiriphotis mediterranea; the Mediterranean endemic Megaluropus massiliensis; the NE-Atlantic–Mediterranean Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana and Perioculodes longimanus; and the widely distributed Photis longicaudata and Urothoe grimaldii. In addition, an alien species was recorded, the circumtropical aorid Grandidierella bonnieroides which resulted naturalized. Differently, the spatial dataset discriminated two geographical regions, the northernmost Haifa Bay and the remaining Southern Israeli Coast, based on the different substratum granulometry. On the whole, the Israeli assemblage showed a low diversity composed of dominant species strictly associated with the features of the sediment and characterised by local abundance fluctuations. It is a pattern that provides baseline knowledge for successive monitoring years and contributes to implementing the knowledge of the ecological traits of amphipod fauna.
Persistent Bacteremia by Ralstonia mannitolilytica in a Patient Undergoing Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplant: An Odd Bug Out
Authors: Bhagawati Gitali , Chauhan Bhavana , Jaiswal Sarita Rani , Agarwal Mahak 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the current scenario, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Enterobacterales, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are the leading cause of bacteremia and sepsis. In neutropenic patients whose gut are colonized with XDR Enterobacterales, the primary suspect of persistent fever remains the colonized bug. We, hereby, discuss such a situation when a child who had undergone a haploidentical stem cell transplant continued to have fever despite multiple courses of antibiotics due to XDR bug infection and colonization. However, an odd bug, Ralstonia mannitolilytica became the real culprit in such a case of unexplained fever. The patient recovered fully only after the removal of the Hickman line.
Mirror, Mirror: A Cross-Sectional Study of Self-Esteem among Young Adults in Thiruvalla, Kerala
Authors: Babu Nita , Vinya K. , Jomon Rehan Paul , Shiju K. K. , Babu Bichu P. , Sebastian Shaliet Rose 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Positive self-esteem is considered to be an important attribute of a mentally healthy person, as it is believed to impact healthy social behavior. Similarly, poor self-esteem may be associated with individual and social problems.

Objective:
The study aims to assess the prevalence and correlates of self-esteem and perceived social support among undergraduate students.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 175 undergraduate students aged between 18 and 30 years in Thiruvalla from January to July 2023. The sample size was calculated as 175. The results have been presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test and case-control analysis were used to analyze the association between demographic variables and the self-esteem of study participants.

Results:
The prevalence of low self-esteem among the study participants was found to be 21%.

Conclusion:
The present study reveals that the self-esteem of a person is affected by the social support felt by a person.
Clival Chordoma and its Management: A Case Report Highlighting a Multidisciplinary Approach to Achieve Optimal Outcomes
Authors: Sekhon Pahaul , Rao Nusumu Purnachandra , Patnaik Uma , Mehta Nishi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Chordomas are a group of rare malignant bone tumors that are slow-growing but locally invasive and are associated with a grim prognosis. Chondromas of the skull base have a typical presentation of persistent headaches and the mass effect over adjacent critical neural structures. Sixty five percent of chordomas are reported to originate from the sacrum, and that from the clivus is rare.

Case Presentation:
A 51-year-old male without co-morbidities presented to our center with diplopia and on radiological evaluation was found to be a case of clival chordoma. This case report highlights the evaluation and surgical resection of chordomas.

Conclusion:
Standardized guidelines do not outline treatment options for clival chordoma. Endoscopic total resection of the tumor followed by novel methods of radiotherapy have favorable outcomes for the patient. Postoperative rehabilitation and follow-up of the patient will help identify recurrence cases and their appropriate management.
Association of Smartphone Addiction and Perceived Stress Among Physiotherapy Students of Ahmedabad: An Observational Study
Authors: Shah Dimpi Kamleshkumar , Purohit Manthan H. , Sheth Megha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Usage of smartphones has reached a stage of addiction among college students. Addiction to smartphones has been related to stress in different group of people like IT professionals, businesspeople, medical students, etc. This study aimed to find levels of smartphone use and stress and the association between smartphone usage and stress among physiotherapy students.

Materials and Methods:
An observational analytical study was conducted among physiotherapy students, through Google Form, containing demographics and two scales: Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14). All physiotherapy students willing to participate were included. Spearman’s coefficient was used to find the association between outcomes.

Results:
A total of 110 complete responses, 38 males and 72 females, were obtained with mean age of participants (20.45 ± 1.63) years. The SAS mean score was 29.86 ± 10.94 for males and 31.11 ± 10.49 for females. The mean PSS score was 44.39 ± 5.46 for males and 45.27 ± 8.36 for females. Association between outcomes showed r = 0.248, P = 0.009.

Conclusion:
Physiotherapy students were at high risk for smartphone addiction and had elevated levels of perceived stress. A statistically significant weak positive association between outcomes is seen.
Study of Prescribing Pattern and Utilization of Drugs in Patients with Renal Diseases
Authors: Sawant Sushant , Mandavi Savitri , Rai Sandeep , Khandelwal Prakash 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Due to comorbidities and polypharmacy, renal failure is a global public health concern with rising incidence, prevalence, poor outcomes, and high management costs. The current study aims to investigate the utilization pattern in patients with chronic renal illness.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional analysis was conducted over a 1.5-year period (December 2022 to April 2024) with consent from the institutional ethical committee to assess the prescription pattern and drug usage in patients with renal disorders. The MGM Hospital’s outpatient nephrology department in Kamothe, Navi Mumbai, was the site of this investigation.

Results:
Sixty six percent of the 130 patient prescriptions were from the NLEM, with 71.16% of the prescriptions for brand drugs and 28.83% for generic names. Of all the recommended medicines, 43.52% were vitamins, 24.25% were anti-hypertensives, and 5.64% were antibiotics.

Conclusions:
The study discovered significant heterogeneity in prescription patterns, primarily as a result of physicians’ inclination to recommend branded medications. By comprehending these trends, healthcare providers may better serve this population’s needs and enhance patient outcomes. The study emphasizes how important it is to have better prescription recommendations for generic medications.
Unmasking Celiac Disease: A Case of Refractory Iron Deficiency Anemia in an Adolescent Girl
Authors: Jayakrishnan Vadakkekara Yesodharan , Nagamahendran Rajendran , Vohra Gaurav , Dubey Vaibhav 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This case report details the clinical journey of a 16-year-old girl who presented with persistent iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and poor growth since childhood. Despite prior treatments, her condition did not improve, leading to further investigation. Comprehensive physical examination and laboratory tests revealed severe microcytic hypochromic anemia. Subsequent evaluations, including serological tests and a duodenal biopsy, confirmed the diagnosis of celiac disease (CD). The girl was started on a strict gluten-free diet along with iron, folic acid, and vitamin D3 supplementation, resulting in significant clinical improvement. This case underscores the importance of considering CD as a differential diagnosis in patients with refractory IDA. It highlights the need for early recognition and appropriate management.
Understanding PCOD: Knowledge and Perceptions Among Female Faculty at Gurugram College: A Step Toward Awareness and Education
Authors: Kesari Swati , Sonam Kumari Sonam , Kumari Neetu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) was first described in 1935 by Stein and Leventhal, characterized by amenorrhea, hirsutism, and obesity, along with enlarged polycystic ovaries. It is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, marked by excessive androgen production primarily by the ovaries. PCOS is a multifactorial and polygenic condition, involving dysregulation of the CYP11 gene and upregulation of enzymes in androgen biosynthesis. The insulin receptor gene on chromosome 19p is also implicated.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive study was conducted among 70 non-medical female faculties of SGT University, Gurgaon. By using the total enumerative technique, the samples were selected. Informed consent was obtained from the participants. Data were collected by using a self-structured questionnaire for knowledge, perception, and associated factors. Statistical analysis of data was done by using SPSS and Excel.

Results:
It was found that 4.28% had poor knowledge, 64.30% had average knowledge, and 31.40% had good knowledge. It was found that 27.10% had poor perception and 72.90% had good perception. Area of living and previous knowledge are significant factors, whereas other demographic variables are not significant. There is a moderate positive correlation between knowledge and perception.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that most people have average knowledge, and most also have a good perception. The residence and prior knowledge of people matter, while other factors do not. There is a moderate link between knowledge and perception, so improving knowledge might help improve perception.
Unilateral Lymphoepithelial Cyst in the Tonsil: A Rare Clinical Condition and Review of the Literature
Authors: Adamu Auwal , Kirfi Abdullahi Musa , Abdullahi Ibrahim Salim , Jibril Yasir Nuhu , Suleiman Dauda Eneyamire 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) is a benign cystic lesion that can grow anywhere within the lymphoid tissues of the head and neck region (both intraoral and extraoral sites), such as the parotid gland, submandibular gland, neck, and oral mucosa. Among these two groups, intraoral LECs are rare, comprising less than 1% of all oral cavity lesions. The intraoral LECs have been commonly reported on the floor of the mouth and the tongue, accounting for 88.3% of all cases. The occurrence of LEC in the tonsil is extremely rare, only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Generally, LEC is a benign disease, but it has a tendency for malignant transformation if not diagnosed and treated adequately. We presented a 31-year-old man with an abnormal sensation in his throat. Examination revealed right-sided tonsillar enlargement with a solitary cystic mass on it. A tonsillectomy was performed, and histological analysis confirmed the diagnosis. LEC is rare; its occurrence in the tonsil should be considered while evaluating a unilateral tonsillar mass. A detailed clinical evaluation and meticulous histological analysis are required to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. Our case report is unique because no recurrence or malignant transformation was noticed after follow-up.
Application of hypertension clinical guidelines among family medicine doctors in primary health care centers in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhussain Abdulaziz , Said Tarek El , Aloraini Abdulmajeed , Alhussain Abdulelah , Alqahtani Turki B. , Kofi Mostafa 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Effective management of hypertension relies on adherence to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) among healthcare providers. However, adherence to hypertension CPGs and the factors influencing it among primary care physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, remain poorly understood.

Methodology:
This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge, application, and determinants of adherence to hypertension CPGs among primary care physicians working in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) and its affiliated primary health care centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A comprehensive sample of 211 primary care physicians was enrolled, and data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, adherence to hypertension CPGs, and barriers to guideline application. Descriptive statistics and appropriate statistical tests were used for data analysis.

Results:
The demographic profile of participants revealed a comprehensive representation of age, marital status, nationality, job title, qualification, and years of practice. The majority of participants demonstrated acceptable levels of knowledge (76.3%) and application (89.1%) of hypertension CPGs. However, barriers related to patient nonadherence to lifestyle modifications and medications were reported, highlighting challenges in implementing guideline recommendations in clinical practice. Significant associations were found between nationality, job title, qualification, and adherence to CPGs, with non-Saudi nationality and junior physicians exhibiting higher rates of unacceptable knowledge and application. Moreover, differences in adherence were observed among physicians following different hypertension CPGs.

Conclusion:
While primary care physicians in Riyadh demonstrate a strong foundation in evidence-based hypertension management, addressing barriers and disparities in adherence to CPGs requires targeted interventions and collaborative efforts. Promoting a culture of evidence-based practice, enhancing patient education and engagement strategies, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders are essential steps toward improving hypertension control and prevention in the region.
Combined Use of C-MAC Videolaryngoscope and Fiberoptic Bronchoscope for a Challenging Airway
Authors: Theja Surya , Kushwaha Sudha , Kumar Balbir , Ratre Brajesh Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Patients with a history of surgery for oral malignancy pose challenges in airway management during subsequent procedures under general anesthesia. Comprehensive airway assessment and meticulously planned airway management strategy are crucial to prevent complications in the operating room. We performed successful intubation in a 40-year-old male patient with recurrent carcinoma buccal mucosa who was posted for feeding gastrostomy. The patient had a history of surgery for the same condition in the past along with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The patient underwent oral intubation by combined usage of C-MAC videolaryngoscope and fiberoptic bronchoscope, supplemented by intravenous dexmedetomidine infusion and intermittent propofol boluses. After the completion of the gastrostomy, the patient was extubated in the operating room after ensuring full consciousness and transferred to the recovery room. This case highlights the usage of a combined approach to airway management in a patient with a complex medical history and challenging airway anatomy.
Block of the Lateral Branches of the Intercostal Nerve in the Midaxillary Line (BRILMA) for Costal Cartilage Harvest in Plastic Surgery Procedures
Authors: Dave Sona , Harde Minal , Kodal Esha , Rathi Shubham B. , Gore Mangesh , Ubale Pravin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim:
Autologous costal cartilage harvest is common in reconstructive surgeries and extremely painful for breathing and coughing. Block of the lateral branches of the intercostal nerve in the midaxillary line (BRILMA) can provide site-specific effective regional analgesia.

Methodology:
It was an observational study conducted after ethics committee approval on adult patients requiring costal cartilage grafts. BRLIMA was performed at the 6th rib in the midaxillary line under ultrasound guidance. We monitored hemodynamics, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at rest and on deep breathing and coughing up to 24 h, analgesic requirement, and complications. Statistical analysis was done using Epi Info version 7.2.

Results:
During the 15-month study period, 34 patients received BRILMA and had a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 24.26 ± 4.81 years. The mean (SD) time required to perform the block was 5 ± 1.50 min. BRILMA efficacy was observed in 32 (94.1%) patients, while 2 (5.9%) patients required additional dexmedetomidine infusion intraoperatively and rescue analgesia postoperatively. The mean (SD) postoperative VAS score was 3.82. At 12 h, 23 (67.64%) patients had VAS ≤3 with no pain at rest and on deep breathing and coughing. In 13 (38.23%) patients, optimum analgesia extended up to 24 h postoperatively. There were no complications.

Conclusion:
BRILMA is an effective, safe, and site-specific regional anesthesia block for costal cartilage harvest surgery. It is a simple, quick, single puncture, and reproducible technique. BRILMA provided adequate intraoperative and postoperative analgesia with efficacy of 94.1% for costal cartilage harvest without any complications. Optimum postoperative analgesia at rest and on deep breathing and coughing was observed for up to 24 h, contributing to enhanced recovery.
Malignant Hyperthermia - A Rare and Dreaded Complication of General Anesthesia
Authors: Mahadik Shripad , Mutha Sandeep , Mahazoom M. V. , Phalgune Deepak Sadashiv 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder characterized by skeletal muscle hypermetabolism following exposure to halogenated anesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants such as succinylcholine. The sustained muscle contraction produces a depletion of adenosine triphosphate, dramatically increasing oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and heat. We present the rare case report of MH diagnosed intraoperatively posted for an open reduction and internal fixation surgery of the right mid-shaft of femur fracture. Unfortunately, the patient developed MH and succumbed. In every hospital set-up where MH-triggering anesthetics are administered, an adequate stock of dantrolene and other medications and rescue equipment must be available to treat the MH crisis.
Nonpharmacological Interventions for Protection of Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury among Patient with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Brief Review
Authors: Jangra Mandeep Kumar , Mirza Mehroz Ahmed , Goyal Manu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Numerous nonpharmacological interventions are being investigated for cardioprotective effects among individuals with acute myocardial infarction (MI) who underwent revascularization. However, results of these trials are contradictory. This review aimed to explore the emerging nonpharmacological interventions to prevent myocardial reperfusion injury (RI).

Materials and Methods:
This review followed Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion pattern for nonsystematic reviews. Article published form 2015 to November 2023 were retrieved from PubMed, Science direct, and Scopus. Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes, Study design format was used to assess the eligibility of articles where population was ST elevated MI; Intervention was any nonpharmacological interventions such as ischemic postconditioning, therapeutic hypothermia, low level laser therapy (LLLT), remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), and therapeutic hyperoxemia; Comparator can be placebo/sham or control groups, Outcomes were infarct size and cardiac biomarkers and study design can be randomized clinical trials, pre–post experimental studies, etc.

Results:
15,889 articles were identified and after duplicate removal and assessing eligibility criteria, 27 articles were included in this review. Out of 27, 7 studies used ischemic post conditioning where only 3 studies revealed improvements in ejection fraction and reduction in cardiac biomarkers; 12 studies employed RIC in which only 2 studies showed improvements in ejection fraction whereas 5 showed reduction in peak cardiac biomarkers, 7 experimental studies used therapeutic hypothermia in which only 1 study showed reduction in infract size postintervention, and one study used LLLT where reduction in cardiac biomarkers was seen postintervention.

Conclusion:
Ischemic postconditioning and RIC showed significant results on myocardial RI whereas therapeutic hypothermia revealed nonsignificant results in most of the trials and failed to prove its efficacy in preventing Myocardial RI. However, a new intervention LLLT proved to be significantly effective in preventing myocardial RI in one human clinical trial.
Thyroid Storm in the Heart: Graves’ Disease Masquerading as Dilated Cardiomyopathy in an Elderly Male
Authors: Malani Susheel K. , Sridevi Chigullapalli , Jadhav Ajitkumar Krishna , Nalawade Digvijay D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Graves’ disease commonly presents with thyroid and extrathyroid manifestations. Cardiovascular manifestations are present in 6% of patients. Only 1% of patients has dilated cardiomyopathy and acute heart failure, which is an unusual presentation of Graves’ disease. An elderly male patient presented with acute heart failure, atrial fibrillation, renal impairment, and secondary to hypotension, diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and significant left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. His test results revealed an increase in T3 and T4 levels with a low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), as well as positive antithyroid antibodies and TSH receptor antibodies, confirming Graves’ disease. The patient improved symptomatically with antiheart failure treatment and antithyroid drugs. On follow-up, his LV dysfunction completely recovered. This instance emphasizes the need of screening heart failure patients to identify reversible causes of heart failure and provide suitable treatment.