bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small and medium enterprises' credit access, ownership structure and job development
Authors: Tran Quan , Doan Anh‐Tuan , Tran Thao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of credit access on the job development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) across 15 developing Asian countries over the period from 2007 to 2016. We also examine how ownership structure affects the linkage between credit access and job development. We find evidence that increased access to finance tends to improve the job development of SMEs. In addition, the results suggest that an increase in the domestic private and foreign ownership of SMEs improves the positive impacts of access to finance on employment growth, whereas government ownership does not impact firms' job development. The results are robust to using the system generalised method of moments (GMM) as the estimation technique to alleviate concerns about dynamic panel bias and endogeneity. Our findings highlight the impacts of firm financing and ownership on job growth and are relevant to policymakers who are considering additional regulations to enhance employment in developing countries.
Transcriptional profiling of MED Bemisia tabaci exposed to thermal stress and verification of HSP70 expression
Authors: Bai Jing , Liu Xiao‐Na , Lu Ming‐Xing , Du Yu‐Zhou 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTemperature changes impact agricultural production and also influence the behavior and community structure of many insect species. Bemisia tabaci, is an invasive and destructive pest with at least 44 cryptic species and occurring in over 100 countries and regions. In this study, transcriptional profiling was used to evaluate the response of the Mediterranean (MED) cryptic species B. tabaci exposed to cold and hot temperature stress. In response to cold stress, 3,024 unigenes were differentially expressed and mapped to 39 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathways. A total of 4,437 unigenes were differentially expressed during heat stress, and these represented 18 KEGG enrichment pathways. Quantitative RT‐PCR was used to determine the relative expression level of the 11 HSP70 fragments; these were significantly up‐regulated during high temperature stress relative to the control group that was maintained at 26°C. In conclusion, the transcriptome data indicated that B. tabaci responds to thermal stress via multiple genes and networks. Furthermore, HSP70 plays an important role in stress tolerance of the MED B. tabaci, especially during heat stress.
Development of weaning food with prebiotic effects based on roasted or extruded quinoa and millet flour
Authors: Dong Gui‐mei , Dong Ji‐lin , Zhu Ying‐ying , Shen Rui‐ling , Qu Ling‐bo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWeaning is the gradual process of introducing solids or semisolid foods into an infant's diet, in order to ensure their healthy growth. This study developed two kinds of formula weaning food based on roasted or extruded quinoa and millet flour, and evaluated their quality. A fructo‐oligosaccharide (FOS)/galacto‐oligosaccharide (GOS) mix was added to provide the prebiotic potential. The protein contents of the roasted quinoa‐millet complementary food (RQMCF) and extruded quinoa‐millet complementary food (EQMCF) were 16.7% and 17.74% higher, respectively, than that of commercial millet complementary food (CMCF). Both RQMCF and EQMCF provided sufficient levels of energy and minerals. Extrusion provided the foods with a lower viscosity, and higher solubility and water absorption ability than roasting. In vitro digestion results showed that EQMCF exhibited the highest starch and protein digestibility (89.76% and 88.72%, respectively) followed by RQMCF (87.75% and 86.63%) and CMCF (83.35% and 81.54%). The digestas of RQMCF and EQMCF after in vitro digestion exhibited prebiotic effects by promoting the growth of the probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii). These results will contribute to developing complementary weaning foods for infants.Practical ApplicationThis study has shown that extrusion is an efficient and stable processing method for producing infant complementary foods with low density, balanced nutrition, and high levels of starch and protein digestibility. Extruded quinoa‐millet prebiotic complementary food can also promote the proliferation of probiotics. This will provide a new direction for developing novel infant formula weaning foods.
Subxifoid versus transthoracic thoracoscopic lobectomy: Results of a retrospective analysis before and after matching analysis
Authors: Andreetti Claudio , Peritore Valentina , Ibrahim Mohsen , Gagliardi Antonio , Argento Giacomo , Maurizi Giulio , Teodonio Leonardo , Serra Nicola , Rendina Erino Angelo , Santini Mario , Fiorelli Alfonso 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundHere, we report our initial experience with subxifoid video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (SVATS) lobectomy for the management of primary lung cancer, and compared the outcomes of SVATS with those of conventional transthoracic VATS (CVATS) lobectomies to validate its feasibility and usefulness.MethodsThe clinical data of consecutive patients undergoing VATS lobectomy via SVATS or CVATS for lung cancer were retrospectively compared. The endpoints were to evaluate the statistical differences in surgical results, postoperative pain (measured with visual analog scale [VAS] scores at 8 hours, Day 1, Day 2, Day 3, at discharge, one month and three months after surgery) and paresthesia (measured at one‐ month, and three months after surgery). The two groups were compared before and after matching analysis.ResultsOur study population included 223 patients: 84 in the SVATS and 139 in the CVATS group. The two groups were not comparable for sex (P = 0.001), preoperative comorbidity as cardiopathy (P = 0.007), BMI value (P = 0.003), left‐sided procedure (P = 0.04), tumor stage (P = 0.04), and tumor size (P = 0.002). These differences were overcome by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis that yielded two well‐matched groups which included 61 patients in each group. Surgical outcomes including blood loss, hospital stay and complications were similar before and after matching analysis, but SVATS compared to CVATS was associated with longer operative time before (159 ± 13 vs. 126 ± 6.3, P < 0.0001), and after matching analysis (161 ± 23 vs. 119 ± 8.3; P < 0.0001) and significant reduction of postoperative pain during the different time‐points (P < 0.001), and paresthesia at one (P = 0.001), and three months (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsSVATS lobectomy is a feasible and safe strategy with surgical outcomes similar to CVATS lobectomy but with less postoperative pain and paresthesia.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study
Subxifoid thoracoscopic lobectomy is a feasible and safe procedure, with potential benefits in terms of postoperative pain and paresthesia compared to conventional thoracoscopic lobectomy
Our results showed that surgical outcomes including blood loss, hospital stay, morbidity and mortality are similar but subxifoid thoracoscopy was associated with significant reduction of postoperative pain and paresthesia.
What this study adds
Subxifoid thoracoscopy is a safe procedure; compared to conventional transthoracic thoracoscopy, it avoids intercostal incisions, and spares nerve trauma, resulting in a reduction of postoperative pain and paresthesia.
Does the content and source credibility of health and risk messages related to nicotine vaping products have an impact on harm perception and behavioural intentions? A systematic review
Authors: Erku Daniel A. , Bauld Linda , Dawkins Lynne , Gartner Coral E. , Steadman Kathryn J. , Noar Seth M. , Shrestha Shakti , Morphett Kylie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsTo systematically review the literature on (i) whether and how various risk messages about nicotine vaping products (NVPs) alter harm perception and behavioural intentions of smokers and non‐smokers and (ii) how trust in sources of NVP risk communication affects message reception and behavioural intentions.MethodsSeven electronic databases and reference lists of relevant articles were searched for articles published up to April 2020. Experimental and quasi‐experimental studies on message effects and cross‐sectional studies on source credibility were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the Evidence Project Risk of Bias Tool were used to assess the quality of observational and intervention studies, respectively. For each outcome variable, we indicated whether there was an effect (as a ‘yes’ or ‘no’) and used effect direction plots to display information on the direction of effects.ResultsNicotine addiction messages resulted in greater health and addiction risk perceptions, relative risk messages comparing the health risks of NVPs to cigarette smoking increased the perception that NVPs are less harmful than combustible cigarettes, and a nicotine fact sheet corrected misperceptions of nicotine and NVPs. Smokers’ intention to purchase, try or switch to NVPs was higher when exposed to a relative risk message and lower when exposed to nicotine addiction warnings. Trust in NVP risk information from public health agencies was associated with lower odds of; (i) NVP use and (ii) perceiving NVPs as less harmful, whereas those who trusted information from NVP companies were more likely to perceive NVPs as less harmful than combustible cigarettes.ConclusionsRelative risk messages may help improve the accuracy of harm perceptions of nicotine vaping products and increase smokers’ intentions to quit smoking and/or to switch to vaping, although the literature is nascent.
Extract and molecular‐based early infant sensitization and associated factors—A PreventADALL study
Authors: Tedner Sandra G. , Söderhäll Cilla , Konradsen Jon R. , Bains Karen E. S. , Borres Magnus P. , Carlsen Kai‐Håkon , Carlsen Karin C. L. , Färdig Martin , Gerdin Sabina W. , Gudmundsdóttir Hrefna K. , Haugen Guttorm , Hedlin Gunilla , Jonassen Christine M. , Kreyberg Ina , Mägi Caroline‐Aleksi O. , Nordhagen Live S. , Rehbinder Eva M. , Rudi Knut , Skjerven Håvard O. , Staff Anne C. , Vettukattil Riyas , van Hage Marianne , Nordlund Björn , Asarnoj Anna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundMore knowledge about sensitization patterns in early infancy, including impact of molecular allergology, is needed to help predict future allergy development more accurately.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of allergic sensitization at 3 months of age, and explore possible associated factors.MethodsFrom the Scandinavian antenatally recruited PreventADALL mother–child cohort, we included 1110 3‐month infants with available serum. Sensitization was defined as s‐IgE of ≥0.1 kUA/L by Phadiatop Infant® (ThermoFisher Scientific) including birch, cat, grass, dog, milk, egg, peanut and wheat. Further ImmunoCAP analyses to ovomucoid, casein, Ara h 1‐3, omega‐5‐gliadin were performed in food extract s‐IgE‐positive children. Maternal sensitization was defined as s‐IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/L to Phadiatop® (inhalant allergen mix) and/or Fx5 (food allergen mix) at 18‐week pregnancy.ResultsOverall 79 (7.3%) infants had specific sensitization, many with low s‐IgE‐levels (IQR 0.16–0.81 kUA/L), with 78 being sensitized to food extract allergens; 41 to egg, 27 to milk, 10 to peanut, and 25 to wheat. A total of 62/78 were further analysed, 18 (29%) had s‐IgE to ovomucoid, casein, Ara h 1‐3 and/or omega‐5‐gliadin. Eight infants (0.7%) were sensitized to inhalant allergens. Maternal sensitization to food allergens was associated with infant sensitization, odds ratio 3.64 (95% CI 1.53–8.68).ConclusionAlready at 3 months of age, 7% were sensitized to food, mostly without detectable s‐IgE to food allergen molecules, and <1% to inhalant allergens. Maternal food sensitization was associated with infants’ sensitization.
Stereological inference on mean particle shape from vertical sections
Authors: Vedel Jensen Eva B. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryIt was a major breakthrough when design‐based stereological methods for vertical sections were developed by Adrian Baddeley and coworkers in the 1980s. Most importantly, it was shown how to estimate in a design‐based fashion surface area from observations in random vertical sections with uniform position and uniform rotation around the vertical axis. The great practical importance of these developments is due to the fact that some biostructures can only be recognised on vertical sections. Later, local design‐based estimation of mean particle volume from vertical sections was developed. In the present paper, we review these important advances in stereology. Quite recently, vertical sections have gained renewed interest, since it has been shown that mean particle shape can be estimated from such sections. These new developments are also reviewed in the present paper.
Triaging ethical issues in the coronavirus pandemic: how to prioritize bioethics research during public health emergencies
Authors: Shaw David 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMuch of the ethical discourse concerning the coronavirus pandemic has focused on the allocation of scarce resources, be it potentially beneficial new treatments, ventilators, intensive care beds, or oxygen. Somewhat ironically, the more important ethical issues may lie elsewhere, just as the more important medical issues do not concern intensive care or treatment for COVID‐19 patients, but rather the diversion towards these modes of care at the expense of non‐Covid patients and treatment. In this article I explore how ethicists can and should prioritize which ethical issues to deal with, and develop a method of triage for identification and prioritization of ethical issues both in the next public health emergency and in bioethics more widely.
Can rodent models elucidate the pathomechanisms of genetic epilepsy?
Authors: Okada Motohiro 
Published: March 2021

Autosomal dominant sleep‐related hypermotor epilepsy (ADSHE; previously autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, ADNFLE), originally reported in 1994, was the first distinct genetic epilepsy shown to be caused by CHNRA4 mutation. In the past two decades, we have identified several functional abnormalities of mutant ion channels and their associated transmissions using several experiments involving single‐cell and genetic animal (rodent) models. Currently, epileptologists understand that functional abnormalities underlying epileptogenesis/ictogenesis in humans and rodents are more complicated than previously believed and that the function of mutant molecules alone cannot contribute to the development of epileptogenesis/ictogenesis but play important roles in the development of epileptogenesis/ictogenesis through formation of abnormalities in various other transmission systems before epilepsy onset. Based on our recent findings using genetic rat ADSHE models, harbouring Chrna4 mutant, corresponding to human S284L‐mutant CRHNA4, this review proposes a hypothesis associated with tripartite synaptic transmission in ADSHE pathomechanisms induced by mutant ACh receptors.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Building Bridges in Neuropharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.8/issuetoc
High spatial resolution mapping identifies habitat characteristics of the invasive vine Antigonon leptopus on St. Eustatius (Lesser Antilles)
Authors: Haber Elizabeth A. , Santos Maria J. , Leitão Pedro J. , Schwieder Marcel , Ketner Pieter , Ernst Joris , Rietkerk Max , Wassen Martin J. , Eppinga Maarten B. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOn the Caribbean island of St. Eustatius, Coralita (Antigonon leptopus) is an aggressive invasive vine posing major biodiversity conservation concerns. The generation of distribution maps can address these conservation concerns by helping to elucidate the drivers of invasion. We test the use of support vector machines to map the distribution of Coralita on St. Eustatius at high spatial resolution and use this map to identify potential landscape and geomorphological factors associated with Coralita presence. This latter step was performed by comparing the actual distribution of Coralita patches to a random distribution of patches. To train the support vector machine algorithm, we used three vegetation indices and seven texture metrics derived from a 2014 WorldView‐2 image. The resulting map shows that Coralita covered 3.18% of the island in 2014, corresponding to an area of 64 ha. The mapped distribution was highly accurate, with 93.2% overall accuracy (Coralita class producer's accuracy: 76.4%, user's accuracy: 86.2%). Using this classification map, we found that Coralita is not randomly distributed across the landscape, occurring significantly closer to roads and drainage channels, in areas with higher accumulated moisture, and on flatter slopes. Coralita was found more often than expected in grasslands, disturbed forest, and urban areas but was relatively rare in natural forest. These results highlight the ability of high spatial resolution data from sensors such as WorldView‐2 to produce accurate invasive species, providing valuable information for predicting current and future spread risks and for early detection and removal plans.Abstract in Dutch is available with online material.
Postpartum psychiatric readmissions: A nationwide study in women with and without epilepsy
Authors: Isseroff Devora , Lin Jung‐Yi , Kwon Churl‐Su , Agarwal Parul , Mazumdar Madhu , Dhamoon Mandip , Howell Elizabeth A. , Jetté Nathalie 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether epilepsy is associated with increased odds of 30‐day readmission due to psychiatric illness during the postpartum period.MethodsThe 2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database and the International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes were used to identify postpartum women up to 50 years old in the United States, including the subgroup with epilepsy. The primary outcome was 30‐day readmission and was categorized as (1) readmission due to psychiatric illness, (2) readmission due to all other causes, or (3) no readmission. Secondary outcome was diagnosis at readmission. The association of the primary outcome and presence of epilepsy was examined using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsOf 1 558 875 women with admissions for delivery identified, 6745 (.45%) had epilepsy. Thirteen of every 10 000 women had 30‐day psychiatric readmissions in the epilepsy group compared to one of every 10 000 in the no‐epilepsy group (p < .0001). Of every 10 000 women with epilepsy, 256 had 30‐day readmissions due to other causes compared to 115 of every 10 000 women in the no‐epilepsy group (p < .0001). The odds ratio for readmission due to psychiatric illness was 10.13 (95% confidence interval = 5.48–18.72) in those with epilepsy compared to those without. Top psychiatric causes for 30‐day readmissions among women with epilepsy were mood disorders, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, and substance‐related disorders.SignificanceThis large‐scale study demonstrated that postpartum women with epilepsy have higher odds of readmission due to a psychiatric illness compared to women without epilepsy. Postpartum treatment strategies and interventions to prevent psychiatric readmissions are necessary in this vulnerable population.
Epigenetic regulation of cellular functions in wound healing
Authors: Pastar Irena , Marjanovic Jelena , Stone Rivka C. , Chen Vivien , Burgess Jamie L. , Mervis Joshua S. , Tomic‐Canic Marjana 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStringent spatiotemporal regulation of the wound healing process involving multiple cell types is associated with epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and chromatin remodelling, as well as non‐coding RNAs. Here, we discuss the epigenetic changes that occur during wound healing and the rapidly expanding understanding of how these mechanisms affect healing resolution in both acute and chronic wound milieu. We provide a focussed overview of current research into epigenetic regulators that contribute to wound healing by specific cell type. We highlight the role of epigenetic regulators in the molecular pathophysiology of chronic wound conditions. The understanding of how epigenetic regulators can affect cellular functions during normal and impaired wound healing could lead to novel therapeutic approaches, and we outline questions that can provide guidance for future research on epigenetic‐based interventions to promote healing. Dissecting the dynamic interplay between cellular subtypes involved in wound healing and epigenetic parameters during barrier repair will deepen our understanding of how to improve healing outcomes in patients affected by chronic non‐healing wounds.
Have you had bleeding from your gums? Self‐report to identify giNGival inflammation (The SING diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic model development study)
Authors: Goulão Beatriz , MacLennan Graeme S. , Ramsay Craig R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo assess the diagnostic performance of self‐reported oral health questions and develop a diagnostic model with additional risk factors to predict clinical gingival inflammation in systemically healthy adults in the United Kingdom.MethodsGingival inflammation was measured by trained staff and defined as bleeding on probing (present if bleeding sites ≥ 30%). Sensitivity and specificity of self‐reported questions were calculated; a diagnostic model to predict gingival inflammation was developed and its performance (calibration and discrimination) assessed.ResultsWe included 2853 participants. Self‐reported questions about bleeding gums had the best performance: the highest sensitivity was 0.73 (95% CI 0.70, 0.75) for a Likert item and the highest specificity 0.89 (95% CI 0.87, 0.90) for a binary question. The final diagnostic model included self‐reported bleeding, oral health behaviour, smoking status, previous scale and polish received. Its area under the curve was 0.65 (95% CI 0.63–0.67).ConclusionThis is the largest assessment of diagnostic performance of self‐reported oral health questions and the first diagnostic model developed to diagnose gingival inflammation. A self‐reported bleeding question or our model could be used to rule in gingival inflammation since they showed good sensitivity, but are limited in identifying healthy individuals and should be externally validated.
Etelis boweni sp. nov., a new cryptic deepwater eteline snapper from the Indo‐Pacific (Perciformes: Lutjanidae)
Authors: Andrews Kimberly R. , Fernandez‐Silva Iria , Randall John E. , Ho Hsuan‐Ching 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA new species of Etelis is described based on 16 specimens collected from the Red Sea and Western Australia, with confirmed genetic records throughout the Indo‐West Pacific. It is similar to and was often misidentified as Etelis carbunculus Cuvier, with both species sharing the diagnostic character of low number of developed gill rakers. Nonetheless, the two species are genetically divergent and differ morphologically in adult body length; proportions of eye, snout, cheek and caudal fin; shape of head, opercular spine and sagittal otolith; and coloration of the tip of the upper caudal fin. Etelis boweni has a wide Indo‐west Pacific distribution that largely overlaps with E. carbunculus, and the two species are often caught on the same fishing line.