bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recognition of Self and Viral Ligands by NK Cell Receptors
Authors: Mariuzza Roy A. , Singh Pragya , Karade Sharanbasappa S. , Shahid Salman , Sharma Vijay Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNatural killer (NK) cells are essential elements of the innate immune response against tumors and viral infections. NK cell activation is governed by NK cell receptors that recognize both cellular (self) and viral (non‐self) ligands, including MHC, MHC‐related, and non‐MHC molecules. These diverse receptors belong to two distinct structural families, the C‐type lectin superfamily and the immunoglobulin superfamily. NK receptors include Ly49s, KIRs, LILRs, and NKG2A/CD94, which bind MHC class I (MHC‐I) molecules, and NKG2D, which binds MHC‐I paralogs such MICA and ULBP. Other NK receptors recognize tumor‐associated antigens (NKp30, NKp44, NKp46), cell–cell adhesion proteins (KLRG1, CD96), or genetically coupled C‐type lectin‐like ligands (NKp65, NKR‐P1). Additionally, cytomegaloviruses have evolved various immunoevasins, such as m157, m12, and UL18, which bind NK receptors and act as decoys to enable virus‐infected cells to escape NK cell‐mediated lysis. We review the remarkable progress made in the past 25 years in determining structures of representatives of most known NK receptors bound to MHC, MHC‐like, and non‐MHC ligands. Together, these structures reveal the multiplicity of solutions NK receptors have developed to recognize these molecules, and thereby mediate crucial interactions for regulating NK cytolytic activity by self and viral ligands.
Nurses' Perception of Their Role in Leading Nurse‐Led Interventions in Intrinsic Capacity Assessment to Improve Nursing Care of Older Adults
Authors: Goh Si Hui Elaine , Zhang Di , Tan Khim Hee , Koh Siew Lin Serena 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo explore nurses' perceptions of their role in leading nursing interventions for each domain of intrinsic capacity, based on the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework to enhance care for older adults in acute settings.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was adopted.MethodsConducted in a Singapore acute hospital from August to November 2023, recruited 21 inpatient nurses with at least 2 years of experience through purposive sampling. Data were collected via semi‐structured interviews with 20 participants and one pilot participant. Inductive thematic analysis identified themes from the responses.ResultsFour key themes emerged regarding nurses' roles in implementing the ICOPE framework: (1) Creating Awareness: emphasises communication to enhance understanding of ICOPE; (2) Providing Education: highlights structured educational initiatives; (3) Executing ICOPE: recognises nurses' role in interventions amid autonomy and workload challenges; and (4) Gathering Feedback: ensuring continuous input to enhance care quality.ConclusionThe findings emphasise nurses' roles within the ICOPE framework, advocating for empowerment and collaboration to enhance care quality for older adults in acute settings.ImplicationsThis study highlights the need for nurses to understand their roles and independently lead nurse‐led interventions. Healthcare institutions should facilitate this empowerment by reviewing existing nursing assessments to avoid duplication and optimise nurses' integration into the framework.ImpactThis study demonstrates the feasibility of the ICOPE framework in Singapore, empowering nurses to initiate interventions that enhance older adults' care and intrinsic capacity.Reporting MethodAdheres to the COREQ guidelines for qualitative research.Patient or Public ContributionNone.
A case of third trimester uterine prolapse resulting in vaginal delivery by placement of an intravaginal balloon
Authors: Tezuka Satoshi , Fukuhara Ken , Terai Yusaku , Tanaka Yu , Kiyokawa Hikaru , Honda Tetsuro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPregnancies complicated by uterine prolapse are rare, occurring in 1 in 10 000 to 15 000 deliveries. We report a case of uterine prolapse at 36 weeks of gestation that resulted in vaginal delivery by placement of a colpeurynter (intravaginal balloon). The patient was a 33‐year‐old pregnant woman with a history of uterine prolapse during her previous pregnancy. At 36 weeks and 4 days of gestation, she presented to her previous physician with uterine prolapse and genital bleeding. Due to severe edema of the uterine cervix, she was referred to our hospital for specialized care. The cervix was manually repositioned into the vagina and the patient was discharged. Concerned about recurrence of uterine prolapse and cervical incarceration at delivery, labor was induced at 39 weeks and 5 days of gestation by oral prostaglandin preparations with concurrent placement of a colpeurynter, resulting in vaginal delivery. Colpeurynter placement is a simple procedure and may be useful in preventing uterine prolapse at delivery.
Learning processes as mediators of the impact of workplace coaching interventions on goal attainment
Authors: Antoni Conny H. , Tatar Alexandra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study contributes to research on how workplace coaching works by examining learning processes as a mediating mechanism of the impact of problem‐specific interventions on goal attainment. This has rarely been investigated. Fifty‐five coach–coachee dyads with 51 coaches and 55 coachees participated in the study. Workplace coaching lasted seven to eight coaching sessions in average. Coaches and coachees gave ratings in each session. We analysed this data (NLevel2 = 55, NLevel1 = 335–407) using longitudinal multilevel structural equation modelling accounting for the nested data structure. As expected, coachees' perceived goal attainment increased throughout the coaching process. The results of the study also revealed the mediating role of learning processes in the impact of problem‐specific interventions, specifically clarification of meaning and mastery/coping, and, but to a lesser extent, implementation actuation, on goal attainment in coaching. Data for all hypothesised models showed a good or acceptable model fit. In contrast, the model fit was poor, when we explored differential mediation effects, which supported only single‐loop learning as a mediator. These results underscore the importance of stimulating learning processes through specific interventions to improve the effectiveness of workplace coaching.
A European Survey to Identify Challenges in the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Castera Laurent , Alazawi William , Bugianesi Elisabetta , Caussy Cyrielle , Federici Massimo , Romero‐Gómez Manuel , Schattenberg Jörn M. , Basuroy Ron , Prasad Preethy , Estulin Dmitry , Lazarus Jeffrey V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its more severe subtype, metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH), are highly prevalent and strongly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study sought to identify challenges to the diagnosis, treatment and management of people living with MASLD and MASH and understand the key barriers to adopting relevant clinical guidelines.MethodsA real‐world, cross‐sectional study (BARRIERS‐MASLD) consisting of a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews of physicians in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom was conducted from March to September 2023. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 626 physicians completed the survey; n = 10 from each country participated in the qualitative interviews. Physicians considered the presence of MASH to be highly impactful on how they treated people living with obesity (66%) and T2D (69%). Over one‐third (35%) of the respondents could not identify any MASH‐specific clinical guidelines issued by medical societies or associations top‐of‐mind, but overall awareness rose when prompted about country‐specific guidelines. Physicians said they would need evidence of success (48%) and clinical guidelines that address common MASLD comorbidities (38%) to increase their adoption.ConclusionsThis study found that lack of awareness around MASLD and MASH clinical guidelines and clearly established care pathways, particularly for addressing common comorbidities, was a key factor preventing physicians from optimising care for people living with MASH in Europe. This research highlights opportunities to improve education and training about clinical guidelines and care coordination.
Prognostic Implications of Cardiac Geometry in Cirrhosis: Findings From a Large Cohort
Authors: Jia Yu , Liu Lidi , Zhou Yiheng , Yao Yi , Cheng Yu , Cheng Yonglang , Shen Can , Yang Rong , Zeng Rui , Wan Zhi , Zhao Qian , Li Dongze , Yuan Bo , Liao Xiaoyang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsCirrhosis is characterised by hyperdynamic circulation, which contributes to cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM). However, the expert consensus on CCM did not initially include cardiac structure because of scant evidence. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of cardiac chamber geometry with mortality and CCM.MethodsWe retrospectively included 2514 cirrhotic patients from 2011 to 2023. In accordance with the guidelines for echocardiography, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) and LV, left atrial (LA), right ventricular (RV), and right atrial (RA) enlargement were evaluated. Cox and logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships among cardiac chamber, all‐cause mortality, and CCM.ResultsThe prevalence rates of LV hypertrophy and LV, LA, RV, and RA enlargement were 21.9%, 21.3%, 30.4%, 5.9%, and 10.9%, respectively. Concentric LVH (HR: 1.305, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.153–1.466), eccentric LVH (HR: 1.272, 95% CI: 1.139–1.426), LV enlargement (HR: 1.305, 95% CI: 1.153–1.466), and LA enlargement (HR: 1.254, 95% CI: 1.130–1.379) were significantly associated with mortality during the median follow‐up of 2.1 years. In a subcohort of 1898 individuals, CCM, with a prevalence of 29.0%, was independently associated with concentric LVH (OR: 1.834, 95% CI: 1.214–2.707), eccentric LVH (OR: 3.063, 95% CI: 2.379–3.903), LV enlargement (OR: 2.519, 95% CI: 2.150–2.977), LA enlargement (OR: 3.559, 95% CI: 2.770–4.321), and RA enlargement (OR: 1.416, 95% CI: 1.025–1.915). LV abnormalities showed 90% specificity and 35% sensitivity for CCM diagnosis.ConclusionsGeometric pattern changes in the LV and LA are prevalent and independently associated with all‐cause mortality and CCM. These indicators have potential for hazard stratification and CCM redefinition.
Factors Associated With Prelacteal Feeding of Commercial Milk Formula: An Analysis of Cohort Data From the BADUTA Study in Indonesia
Authors: Nurokhmah Siti , Htet Min Kyaw , Ferguson Elaine , Dibley Michael J. , Fahmida Umi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroducing commercial milk formula (CMF) as prelacteal feeds can disturb exclusive breastfeeding and shorten breastfeeding duration. However, the prelacteal feeding of CMF has been growing alongside its increasing sales in Indonesia. This study examined predictors of the CMF feeding in the Malang and Sidoarjo districts of Indonesia. This analysis used post‐delivery data collected from 676 mothers in a cohort evaluation of a cluster randomised controlled trial (Baduta study). Multivariate random effects logistic models were employed to assess factors associated with the CMF feeding. A total of 467 (69.1%) respondents reported giving CMF to their infants during the first 3 days after delivery. Mothers with low breastfeeding self‐efficacy (BFSE) were at a higher risk of providing CMF within 3 days of birth compared to those with medium or high BFSE (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 8.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) (4.26–15.48). Receiving explanations to solve breastfeeding problems from health professionals (aOR: 1.87; 97% CI: 1.12–3.11) and primipara parity (aOR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.12–3.04) were positively associated with the CMF feeding. Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) was protective against CMF feeding (aOR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.22–0.58). There was an interaction between EIBF and BFSE. EIBF was protective among mothers with high or medium BFSE, but had no effect among those with low BFSE. CMF feeding was prevalent in Indonesia. Future strategies should focus on improving health‐staff capacity to strengthen BFSE during pregnancy and provide adequate counselling for mothers with breastfeeding problems.
Sex Differences, Menses‐Related Symptoms and Menopause in Disorders of Gut–Brain Interaction
Authors: Sarnoff Rachel P. , Hreinsson Johann P. , Kim Joanna , Sperber Ami D. , Palsson Olafur S. , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Chang Lin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDisorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI) predominate in women, but little is known about sex differences in menses‐related or menopause symptoms.MethodsUsing data from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Survey, we assessed Rome IV DGBI symptoms in individuals in 26 countries who met criteria for ≥ 1 of 5 DGBI: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia (FD), functional constipation (FC), functional diarrhea (FDr), or functional bloating (FB). Participants included pre‐ and post‐menopausal women with DGBI and age‐matched men. Odds ratios estimated sex and age differences for symptom by sex or pre‐ vs. post‐menopause in logistic regression; standardized mean difference (SMD) provided effect sizes.Key Results14,570 participants met criteria for ≥ 1 of the 5 DGBI. Women exceeded men in most symptoms. In FD, women stopped eating due to early satiety more than men (11.1 vs. 8.9 days/month, SMD 0.21). Symptoms were generally increased in premenopausal women and younger men compared to older counterparts; however, only premenopausal IBS, FD, and FC women reported increased constipation‐associated symptoms. Compared to premenopausal women, postmenopausal women had increased accidental stool leakage in IBS and FDr, and increased digital manual maneuvers in FC (18% vs. 25% frequency, SMD −0.25). IBS and FD had the most menses‐associated symptoms.Conclusions and InferencesWomen had higher symptom frequency across the 5 DGBI compared to men. Our findings suggest that premenopausal women have greater visceral perception than postmenopausal women, although increased outlet symptoms in postmenopausal women indicate greater anorectal/pelvic dysfunction. While age alone has some influence on symptoms, female sex hormones may also increase visceral perception.
Clients' experiences of psychotherapeutic interventions addressing trauma
Authors: Lepistö R. , Ahmad A. , Kangaslampi S. , Peltonen K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeThis systematic review aimed to evaluate and synthesise qualitative research on adult clients' experiences of psychotherapeutic interventions addressing trauma across multiple modalities.MethodsSix databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL) were systematically searched. Google Scholar and reference lists of included and other relevant reviews were also searched, and in total 37 studies met the inclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted, quality assessed following the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme checklist, and data synthesised using thematic synthesis.ResultsThe specific helpful factors and perceived impact of the interventions aligned with their theoretical bases. Certain factors were perceived to be helpful or challenging regardless of the modality used, such as relational factors between the client and the therapist, and within group settings. Towards the end of the interventions, feelings of ambivalence and emotional struggles which pervaded the process gradually resolved, as a majority of the clients expressed a sense of benefit from the whole experience. Most of the studies included in this review were published post‐2020, underscoring research interest towards clients' psychotherapeutic experiences.ConclusionsThe review provides a comprehensive understanding of helpful and challenging factors of interventions addressing trauma, as perceived by clients. The analysis serves as a foundation for future intervention development. Also, it highlights the importance of therapist responsiveness and discussions with clients at various intervention stages to foster a sense of safety, prevent early drop‐outs, and emphasise clients as agents of change in their therapeutic process.
Exploration of Psychological, Social, and Familial Issues of Females Living in the Shelter in Iraqi Kurdistan Through an Art‐Based Qualitative Study
Authors: Abdulla Bayar Mohammed Omar , Abdulah Deldar Morad , Mustafa Zuhair Rushdi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveFemale young prisoners may not be willing to discuss their familial and social issues through direct interviews. Therefore, other academic techniques, such as art‐based techniques, could be used in this context. We aimed to explore female prisoners' psychological, familial, and social issues through an art‐based approach.MethodsIn this thematic qualitative study, we conducted a 2‐h painting training program for females (21–48 years) who were confined in women's shelters in the Kurdistan Region. To carry out this initiative, we collaborated with the administration of women's prisoners in Duhok, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah governorates in the Kurdistan Region.ResultsThe paintings included in this study explored the social and familial issues faced by girls and women who were imprisoned for various reasons. The paintings of the participants were categorized under the following three main headings: familial issues, social pressure, and women's rights. The artwork expresses that these girls and women suffer from a wide range of familial and social issues. They share that they lack the rights, as men do, to discuss their opinions and feelings within their societies and families. Additionally, these women experience pressure from their families and society for various reasons, as mentioned hereafter.ConclusionsThis study revealed that the lack of meeting females' rights and their inability to practice their wishes and rights could be the main reason for the familial and social issues in Kurdish society. The findings suggest that the restrictions and limitations placed on women's agency and autonomy contribute significantly to the challenges and hardships faced by women within their families and communities. Addressing these issues and promoting gender equality may be essential in fostering a more inclusive and harmonious society in the Kurdistan region.
From Micro to Macro: Understanding the Far‐Reaching Consequences of B12 Deficiency on Women's Health
Authors: Zacharias Betsy Sara , Upendra Sheela , Dumbre Dipali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundVitamin B12 (B12), playing the role of a coenzyme in one‐carbon metabolism, is an important vitamin necessary for human health.ObjectivesTo systematically review evidence to identify the complications of B12 deficiency among women.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of quantitative studies on disorders associated with B12 deficiency among women, published in English in the last 25 years (1999–2024), using electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of science, CINAHL, PubMed, and Medline.ConclusionThe search produced 28 full‐text articles. B12 deficiency prevalence among women identified by the selected studies ranges from 0.6% to 45.5%. The deficiency of B12 is connected with the risk for depression/post‐partum depression, breast cancer, recurrent pregnancy loss, gestational diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and obesity among women. It is necessary to monitor and correct the B12 deficiency among women in order to prevent complications
The Effect of Motivational Interview‐Based Education on Nutrition Exercise Behavior, Sedentary Activity Duration, and Anthropometric Outcomes in Obese Adolescents
Authors: Evcimen Hasan , Bilgin Sonay 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the effect of motivational interview‐based training on nutrition exercise behavior, sedentary behavior duration, and anthropometric outcomes in adolescents.MethodThis randomized controlled single‐blind experimental study was conducted between January 2021 and March 2023. The research sample consisted of 76 adolescents with obesity (intervention: 38 and control: 38) determined by power analysis. The intervention group received a 6‐session motivational interview‐based training program. No intervention was applied to the control group. Data were collected using a personal information form, nutrition exercise behavior scale, adolescent sedentary activity questionnaire, and body mass ındex measurement form. Data collection tools were administered to both groups before the intervention, at the last session and at the 3rd month follow‐up. In the analysis of the data, chi‐square test, independent sample t‐test and two‐way mixed design ANOVA were used.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between the pretest nutrition exercise behavior scale, sedentary activity questionnaire, and body mass index z‐scores of the intervention and control groups (p > 0.05). After the motivational interview‐based education program, nutrition exercise behaviors improved (p: 0.00), sedentary behavior duration and BMI decreased (p: 0.00) in the intervention group. No significant difference was observed in the control group. Nutritional exercise behavior, duration of sedentary behavior and BMI values of the intervention group showed a significant difference compared to the control group (p: 0.00).ConclusıonIt was determined that motivational interviewing applied to adolescents with obesity created a positive change on nutritional exercise behavior, sedentary behavior durations, and anthropometric results. It is recommended that nurses should use motivational interviewing in the management of nutrition and exercise behaviors of adolescents with obesity.Trial Registration: Clinical Trials ID: NCT05268653.
Amino acid substrate specificities and tissue expression profiles of the nine CYP79A encoding genes in Sorghum bicolor
Authors: Koleva Donka Teneva , Liu Mengqi , Dusak Barbara , Ghosh Stavaniya , Krogh Camilla Timmermann , Hellebek Ida Rye , Cortsen Mathilde Troensegaard , Motawie Mohammed Saddik , Jørgensen Flemming Steen , McKinley Brian Adam , Mullet John E. , Sørensen Mette , Møller Birger Lindberg 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCytochrome P450s of the CYP79 family catalyze two N‐hydroxylation reactions, converting a selected number of amino acids into the corresponding oximes. The sorghum genome (Sorghum bicolor) harbours nine CYP79A encoding genes, and here sequence comparisons of the CYP79As along with their substrate recognition sites (SRSs) are provided. The substrate specificity of previously uncharacterized CYP79As was investigated by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and subsequent transformation of the oximes formed into the corresponding stable oxime glucosides catalyzed by endogenous UDPG‐glucosyltransferases (UGTs). CYP79A61 uses phenylalanine as a substrate, whereas CYP79A91, CYP79A93, and CYP79A95 use valine and isoleucine as substrates, with CYP79A93 showing the ability also to use phenylalanine. CYP79A94 uses isoleucine as a substrate. Analysis of 249 sorghum transcriptomes from two different sorghum cultivars showed the expression levels and tissue‐specific expression of the CYP79As. CYP79A1 is the committed gene in dhurrin formation and was the highest expressed gene in most tissues/organs. CYP79A61 was primarily expressed in fully developed leaf blades and leaf sheaths. CYP79A91 and CYP79A92 were expressed mainly in roots >200 cm below ground, while CYP79A93 and CYP79A94 were most highly expressed in the leaf collar and leaf sheath, respectively. The possible signalling effects of the oximes and their metabolites produced in different sorghum tissues are discussed.