bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technologien und Entwicklungen im Segmentbrückenbau
Authors: Rettinger Martin , Hückler Alex , Schlaich Mike 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEtwa seit der europäischen Nachkriegszeit werden Spannbetonbrücken aus voll vorgefertigten Überbausegmenten ohne zusätzliche Ortbetonverbindung hergestellt. Diese als Segmentbrückenbau bekannte Bauweise ermöglicht durch die Minimierung von Herstellungsschritten auf der Baustelle äußerst wirtschaftliche und schnelle Bauverfahren und wird daher mittlerweile weltweit mit steigender Tendenz angewendet. Der vorliegende Artikel beleuchtet zunächst die zeitliche Entwicklung und weltweite Verbreitung der Segmentbauweise im Brückenbau durch die Auswertung einer internationalen Datenbank für Ingenieurbauwerke. Anschließend werden einige zentrale Technologien bei der Herstellung von Fertigteilsegmenten, der konstruktiven Durchbildung von Segmentfugen und Spanngliedern sowie Montageverfahren von Segmentfertigteilbrücken nach dem derzeitigen Stand der Technik vorgestellt. Mit einem Blick in einige jüngere Forschungsarbeiten werden die Anwendung von innovativen Baumaterialien wie Hochleistungsbetonen und carbonfaserverstärkten Kunststoffen in der Segmentbauweise und die sich damit eröffnenden konstruktiven Möglichkeiten diskutiert. Abschließend wird anhand einiger Ansätze des aktuellen Forschungsprogramms SPP 2187 ein Ausblick in eine mögliche Zukunft des Betonfertigteilbaus in einer digitalisierten Bauindustrie gegeben.
Die HEITKAMP Schnellbaubrücke®: KBE für innovative Brückenwiderlager im Pilotprojekt der Bundesautobahn A 3 Stokkumer Straße
Authors: Balder Thorsten , Girmscheid Michael , Lehmann Felix , Hangen Hartmut 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUm die Infrastruktur in Deutschland wieder zukunftsfähig zu machen, sind viele marode Bestandsbrücken in Deutschland durch neue Bauwerke mit entsprechend höheren Lastanforderungen zu ersetzen. Diese ambitionierte Aufgabenstellung mit möglichst wenig negativen Auswirkungen auf den Verkehr umzusetzen, erfordert innovative Bauweisen, die eine deutliche Reduzierung der Bauzeit und weniger Eingriffe in den Verkehrsraum ermöglichen. Mit der „HEITKAMP Schnellbaubrücke®” wurden genau diese Aspekte bei einem Pilotprojekt erfolgreich umgesetzt. Eine deutlich reduzierte CO2‐Bilanz und vollständige Rückbaubarkeit bei vollständiger Wiederverwendung der eingesetzten Materialien sind weitere zukunftsweisende Aspekte dieser modernen Bauweise. Für den Ersatzneubau der Brücke „Stokkumer Straße” wurde der Stahlverbundüberbau inklusive Abdichtung und Kappen auf einem benachbarten Parkplatz abseits der Autobahn ohne Verkehrsbehinderungen hergestellt. Der ca. 40 m lange und 400 t schwere Überbau wurde mithilfe von SPMT‐Einsatz in einer Wochenendsperrung in die BAB A 3 eingefahren und auf den Widerlagern abgesetzt. Die große Besonderheit dieses Ersatzneubaus bilden die Widerlager aus geokunststoffbewehrter Erde. Diese Baumethode ermöglicht es, die Widerlager innerhalb von wenigen Tagen herzustellen. Da es sich um eine noch nicht geregelte Bauweise handelt, wurden in enger Abstimmung mit dem BMVI und Straßen.NRW die entsprechenden Anforderungen und Nachweise zum Trag‐ und Verformungsverhalten der bewehrten Erde ausgearbeitet. Um alle zeitlichen Abläufe, technischen Schnittstellen und geometrischen Vorgaben im Vorfeld genau planen zu können, wurde dieses Projekt auch mithilfe der BIM‐Methode geplant und modelliert. Auch in dieser Hinsicht handelte es sich um ein Pilotprojekt bei Brückenbaumaßnahmen im Verantwortungsbereich von Straßen.NRW.
Schnellbausystem „Expressbrücke” – Systematische Entwicklung von Brückenschnellbausystemen als Antwort auf den Sanierungsstau der Verkehrsinfrastruktur und die damit verbundenen Probleme
Authors: Reddemann Theo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDer Einsatz des Brückenschnellbausystems „Expressbrücke Echterhoff” führt zur deutlichen Reduzierung von Bauzeiten bei dem dringend notwendigen Ersatzneubau/Umbau unser vorhandenen Verkehrsinfrastruktur und trägt somit zu deutlichen Reduzierungen von Verkehrsstaus sowie der daraus resultierenden Umweltbelastungen bei. Bauzeiten für Brückenbauwerke im Zuge einer sechsstreifigen Autobahn konnten so von 24 Monaten um 66,6 % auf acht Monate reduziert werden.In diesem Artikel werden sowohl die grundsätzliche Bauweise als auch weitere Ausführungsbeispiele von bereits durchgeführten Baumaßnahmen am Beispiel einer Bahnbrücke mit 18 Kalendertagen sowie dem Ersatz einer Bundesstraßenbrücke über eine ICE‐Strecke mit 40 Kalendertagen und einer 51‐stündigen Sperrpause für Abbruch und Brückenneubau vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus wird ein im Brückenbau völlig neuartiges Bauelement, die Hybridkappe zur Einsparung von Vollsperrungen, erläutert.
HGF/c‐MET pathway contributes to cisplatin‐mediated PD‐L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Zhan‐Sheng , Yang Ruo‐Han , Yao Xin , Cheng Yue‐Ying , Shi Hong‐Xiang , Yao Chao‐Yan , Gao Zi‐Xuan , Qi De‐Fei , Zhang Wen‐Ke , Dou Yuan‐Yuan , Guo Juan , Hu Meng‐Wen , Zhao Hui , Fang Dong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCisplatin has been reported to promote the expression of programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) in some cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism through which PD‐L1 is transcriptionally regulated by cisplatin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remains largely unknown. In the present study, we found that the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), p‐Akt, p‐ERK, and PD‐L1 was increased in cisplatin‐treated SNU‐368 and SNU‐739 cells. HGF stimulation also increased PD‐L1 expression in these cells. Moreover, Inhibition of HGF/c‐MET, PI3K/Akt, and MEK/ERK signaling pathways can dramatically block cisplatin or HGF‐induced PD‐L1 expression in SNU‐368 and SNU‐739 cells. In vivo, combination PHA665752 with cisplatin significantly reduced tumor weight with increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the tumor. Taken together, our study suggested that HGF/c‐Met axis‐induced the activation of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways contributes to cisplatin‐mediated PD‐L1 expression. These findings may provide an alternative avenue for the treatment of HCC.
Long‐term clinical outcomes after drug eluting stent implantation with and without stent overlap
Authors: Coughlan J. J. , Aytekin Alp , Koch Tobias , Wiebe Jens , Lenz Tobias , Cassese Salvatore , Joner Michael , Koppara Tobias , Xhepa Erion , Ibrahim Tareq , Fusaro Massimiliano , Laugwitz Karl‐Ludwig , Schunkert Heribert , Kastrati Adnan , Kufner Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of drug eluting stent (DES) overlap on clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundWhile the use of overlapping bare metal stent has been associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical events, the long‐term impact of DES overlap on clinical outcomes is not certain at present. Similarly, the effect of different DES generations and polymer types on DES overlap associated clinical outcomes has not previously been comprehensively elucidated.MethodsWe analyzed the angiographic and clinical outcomes of 5605 patients treated with DES in the setting of the ISAR‐TEST 4 and ISAR‐TEST 5 randomized control trials according to the presence or absence of stent overlap. The clinical endpoints assessed in this study were all‐cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR), and definite or probable stent thrombosis at 10‐years. We also compared rates of binary angiographic restenosis (BAR) at 6–8 months.ResultsAt 10 years, all‐cause mortality (Hazard ratios [HR] = 1.05 [0.95–1.16]; p = 0.348) did not differ between the stent overlap and no stent overlap groups. MI (8.4% vs. 5.2%; HR = 1.67 [1.35–2.07], p < 0.001) and TLR (23.7% vs. 16.3%; HR = 1.54 [1.36–1.74], p < 0.001) occurred more frequently in the stent overlap group. For MI, landmark analysis demonstrated that this increase in risk was primarily in the first 30 days post PCI. BAR at 6–8 months was also more frequent in the stent overlap group (16.0% vs. 10.3%; HR = 1.65 [1.41–1.92], p < 0.001).ConclusionDES overlap is associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical events post PCI.
Using Plasma Activation to Optimize the Combustion Process and Minimize Harmful Emissions
Authors: Askarova Aliya , Safarik Pavel , Bolegenova Saltanat , Nugymanova Aizhan , Maximov Valeriy , Askarov Nariman , Bolegenova Symbat 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe possibility of introducing plasma ignition of fuel in combustion chambers of power boilers was investigated by using 3D computer modeling methods. Computational experiments were carried out on operating boilers, and a comparison of the characteristics of the combustion process for traditional fuel combustion and its thermochemical variant was carried out. Plasma technology allows the concentration of carbon and nitrogen oxides at the outlet of the furnace to be reduced. The results obtained showed the efficiency of thermochemical plasma activation of fuel and the possibility of its application in real heat and power facilities to optimize combustion processes and minimize harmful emissions.
Ionic Liquid Membrane Process for Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Lab to Industrial Scale
Authors: Yan Xueru , Anguille Stéphane , Bendahan Marc , Moulin Philippe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHybrid processes have received more attention in pollutant removal due to the combination of advantages of each process. A membrane combined with absorption was developed and studied for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from lab to industrial scale. The ionic liquid membrane containing 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide ([Bmim][NTf2]) showed competitive absorption on toluene. An industrial‐length ionic liquid membrane was investigated under optimized conditions based on lab‐scale results for a long time. The arrangement of the membrane modules was also evaluated, including connection in series and parallel. As a result, the proposed ionic liquid membrane is highly promising for industrial applications.
Experimental Study on the Liquid‐Phase Adsorption Equilibrium of n‐Butanol over Amberlyst™15 and Contribution of Diffusion Resistances
Authors: Soto Rodrigo , Oktar Nuray , Fité Carles , Ramírez Eliana , Bringué Roger , Tejero Javier 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work investigates the liquid‐phase adsorption of n‐butanol on Amberlyst™15 in the temperature range 295–323 K at different initial adsorbate concentrations. The adsorbent was characterized by N2 physisorption, Fourier transform infrared adsorption of pyridine, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X‐ray diffraction. The data obtained confirmed an adsorbent structure with two porosity levels and amorphous polymer structure. The active sites in Amberlyst™15 are of Brønsted or Brønsted‐Lewis type. The liquid‐phase adsorption equilibrium constants were determined at different temperatures from slurry adsorber experiments. The thermodynamic state functions were estimated and are consistent thermodynamically with physical adsorption. The macropore diffusion coefficients of n‐butanol on Amberlyst™15 were estimated by using the moment technique, and the contribution of surface diffusion to the macropore diffusion coefficients was evaluated.
Metal Ion Adsorption Using Coconut Shell Powder Activated by Chemical and Physical Treatments
Authors: Pinheiro do Nascimento Paula Fabiane , Lins de Barros Neto Eduardo , Fernandes de Sousa João , Trocolli Ribeiro Vitor , de Jesus Nogueira Duarte Lindemberg , Fonseca Melo Ricardo Paulo , Wendell Bezerra Lopes Francisco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA comparative evaluation is presented of physical and chemical treatments performed on coconut shell powder, in relation to the adsorption capacity of Cu2+/Cd2+ ions. The chemical treatment consisted of impregnation with monoethanolamine (mass ratio of 1:1) or a microemulsion (composed of 10 wt % sodium octanoate). The physical treatment was through steam explosion (P = 5 bar, T = 210 °C). Treatment efficiency was assessed using physical characterization of the adsorber material. Assessment of the ion adsorption capacity was performed in batch mode. The comparative investigation was carried out based on the Langmuir model constants, kinetic constants, and thermodynamic parameters. The efficiency of the modifications was also evaluated through adsorption‐desorption cycles.
Impact of Surface Defects on LaNiO3 Perovskite Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Arandiyan Hamidreza , Mofarah Sajjad S. , Wang Yuan , Cazorla Claudio , Jampaiah Deshetti , Garbrecht Magnus , Wilson Karen , Lee Adam F. , Zhao Chuan , Maschmeyer Thomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPerovskite oxides are regarded as promising electrocatalysts for water splitting due to their cost‐effectiveness, high efficiency and durability in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Despite these advantages, a fundamental understanding of how critical structural parameters of perovskite electrocatalysts influence their activity and stability is lacking. Here, we investigate the impact of structural defects on OER performance for representative LaNiO3 perovskite electrocatalysts. Hydrogen reduction of 700 °C calcined LaNiO3 induces a high density of surface oxygen vacancies, and confers significantly enhanced OER activity and stability compared to unreduced LaNiO3; the former exhibit a low onset overpotential of 380 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 70.8 mV dec−1. Oxygen vacancy formation is accompanied by mixed Ni2+/Ni3+ valence states, which quantum‐chemical DFT calculations reveal modify the perovskite electronic structure. Further, it reveals that the formation of oxygen vacancies is thermodynamically more favourable on the surface than in the bulk; it increases the electronic conductivity of reduced LaNiO3 in accordance with the enhanced OER activity that is observed.
Janus All‐Cis2,3,4,5,6‐Pentafluorocyclohexyl Building Blocks Applied to Medicinal Chemistry and Bioactives Discovery Chemistry
Authors: Clark Joshua L. , Neyyappadath Rifahath M. , Yu Cihang , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Cordes David B. , O'Hagan David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMonoalkylated derivatives of the unusually polar all‐cis2,3,4,5,6‐ pentafluorocyclohexyl (Janus face) motif are prepared starting from an aryl hydrogenation of 2,3,4,5,6‐ pentafluorophenylacetate methyl ester15. The method used Zeng's Rh(CAAC) carbene catalyst4in the hydrogenation following the protocol developed by Glorius. The resultant Janus pentafluorocyclohexylacetate methyl ester16was converted to the corresponding alcohol18, aldehyde13, bromide29and azide14through functional group manipulations, and some of these building blocks were used in Ugi‐multicomponent and Cu‐catalysed click reactions. NBoc protected pentafluoroarylphenylalanine methyl ester35was also subject to an aryl hydrogenation, and then deprotection to generate the Janus face β‐pentafluorocyclohexyl‐alanine amino acid15, which was incorporated into representative members of an emerging class of candidate antiviral compounds. Log P measurements demonstrate that the all‐cis2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorocyclohexyl ring system is more polar than a phenyl ring. In overview the paper introduces new building blocks containing this Janus ring and demonstrates their progression to molecules typically used in bioactives discovery programmes.
L‐cysteine capped silver nanoparticles as chiral recognition sensor for ketoprofen enantiomers
Authors: Obaid Asma , Mohd Jamil Arniza Khairani , Saharin Siti Munirah , Mohamad Sharifah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA simple, inexpensive but effective approach for visual chiral recognition of ketoprofen enantiomers was developed using L‐cysteine capped silver nanoparticles (L‐Cys‐AgNPs) as a colorimetric sensor. Upon the addition of R‐ketoprofen to L‐Cys‐AgNPs, rapid aggregation occurred, and the solution changed color from yellow to green. However, the presence of S‐ketoprofen did not induce any color change. The results were characterized using UV‐Vis, FESEM, FT‐IR, SERS, and zeta potential measurements. The chiral assay described in this work is easily distinguished with the naked eyes or using a UV‐Vis spectrometer. The sensor revealed a good linear response to ketoprofen enantiomers in the concentration range of 8.33–33.3 μM with a detection limit of 4.52 μM and relative standard deviation of 3.73%. The proposed method was utilized for the determination of ketoprofen racemic mixtures in water samples and commercial tablets. The method excels by its simplicity, low cost, and good availability of materials.
Does treatment with antidepressants, antipsychotics, or benzodiazepines hamper allergy skin testing?
Authors: Kjaer Henrik Fomsgaard , Mortz Charlotte Gotthard , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTreatment with commonly used drugs such as antidepressants (ADs), antipsychotics (APs), and benzodiazepines (BDs) may hamper the use of allergy skin testing due to possible antihistaminic effects.ObjectiveTo examine the antihistaminic effect of AD, AP, and BD as measured by the ability of these drugs to suppress the normal wheal reaction caused by skin prick test (SPT).MethodsSkin prick test was performed in patients receiving treatment with AD, AP, and/or BD. Double SPT was performed with histamine solutions of 10, 30, and 100 mg/ml and mean wheal diameter calculated.ResultsA total of 313 patients were included. 236 (75%) patients were treated with one of the examined drugs and 77 (25%) patients with more than one of these drugs. Drugs most frequently used was sertraline (n = 65), citalopram (n = 63), mirtazapine (n = 36), venlafaxine (n = 33), and quetiapine (n = 32). Treatment with mirtazapine and/or quetiapine was associated with negative SPTs in 30/36 (83%) and 22/32 (69%), and the antihistaminic effect of these drugs was dose‐dependent. For patients treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), or BD alone, almost all SPTs were positive (94%, 95%, 100%, and 100%, respectively). Negative SPTs in patients treated with SSRI, TCA, SNRI, or BD and ≥1 other of the examined drugs were associated with simultaneous treatment with mirtazapine or quetiapine in 39/44 (89%) patients.ConclusionSkin testing has little meaning in patients treated with mirtazapine or quetiapine. Treatment with SSRI, SNRI, and BD does not seem to affect the results of SPTs, whereas skin tests in patients treated with TCA should be interpreted with caution.
Osteosynthesis of diaphyseal tibia fracture with locking compression plates: A numerical investigation using Taguchi and ANOVA
Authors: Mohandes Yousof , Tahani Masoud , Rouhi Gholamreza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPerformance of the locking compression plate (LCP) is a multifactorial function. The control parameters of plating, such as geometries, material properties, and physical constraints of the LCP components, affect basic functions associated with the bone fixation, including the extent of stress shielding and subsequent bone remodeling, strength and stability of the bone‐LCP construct, and performance of secondary bone healing. The main objectives of this research were as follows: (1) to find the appropriate values of control parameters of an LCP construct to achieve the optimized performance throughout bone healing; and (2) to unravel relationships between LCP parameters and the LCP's performance. Different values for the plate/screw modulus of elasticity (E), plate width (W), plate thickness (T), screw diameter (D), bone‐plate offset (O), and screw configuration (C), as six control parameters, were considered at five different levels. Taguchi method was adopted to create trial combinations of control parameters and determining the best set of parameters, which can optimize the overall performance of the LCP. All design cases were analyzed using the finite element method. The optimal set of control parameters consisting of 150 GPa, 12 mm, 4 mm, 5.5 mm, 2 mm, and 123,678 were determined for E, W, T, D, O, and C, respectively. Furthermore, ANOVA was used to rank the most influential parameters on each function of the LCP fixation. In the overall performance of the LCP fixation, E, D, T, C, W, and O showed a contribution percentage of 46%, 22%, 10%, 11%, 8%, and 3%, respectively.
A neural network‐based selective harmonic elimination scheme for five‐level inverter
Authors: Toubal Maamar Alla Eddine , Helaimi M'hamed , Taleb Rachid , Kermadi Mostefa , Mekhilef Saad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents the implementation of selective harmonic elimination (SHE) in a five‐level inverter structure using artificial neural networks (ANNs). SHE is an effective low‐frequency modulation technique to eliminate selected harmonics and control multilevel converters. The use of ANN‐SHE requires the calculation of the optimum values of switching angles via the solving system of nonlinear equations for the total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction, where the nonlinear equations are founded by the complex Fourier series analysis of the inverter output voltage. The procured switching angle values are directly implemented by a multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithm without a lookup table. The ANN model is obtained by training the neural network (NN), taking the modulation index (M) as an input and approximating switching angles as an output. A thorough analysis was carried out to show the programming steps of the proposed ANN‐based SHE using Matlab/Simulink environment. A realized inverter prototype steered by the proposed ANN‐based SHE was tested with various modulation indexes on a real‐time mode using a digital signal processor (DSP) C2000 Delfino–TMS320F28379D‐embedded board. A comparison between the simulation results and the experimental data is presented. The obtained results illustrate that the experimental results match the simulation closely, and the ANN model provides a fast and precise estimate of the switching angles for each value of the modulation index.