bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction of structural Fe(III) in nontronite by humic substances in the absence and presence of Shewanella putrefaciens and accompanying secondary mineralization
Authors: Zuo Hongyan , Huang Liuqin , Chu Rosalie K. , Tolic Nikola , Washton Nancy , Zhu Zihua , Edelmann Richard E. , Elagamy Samar , Sommer Andre , Luan Fubo , Zeng Qiang , Chen Yu , Hu Dafu , Zhan Di , Hu Jinglong , Dong Hailiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Studies have shown the electron shuttling role of humic substances (HS) in enhancing microbial reduction of solid-phase Fe(III), but it is unknown if native HS can reduce structural Fe(III) in clays and how their chemical properties affect this process and secondary mineralization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of natural HS, Leonardite humic acid (LHA), and Pahokee Peat humic acid (PPHA) in reducing structural Fe(III) in nontronite with or without Shewanella putrefaciens. The extent of Fe(III) reduction was determined with a wet chemical method. Electrochemical methods, spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry were used to determine the changes of HS electrochemical and molecular composition after bioreduction. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy were used to observe mineralogical transformations. The results showed that natural HS not only served as an electron donor to abiotically reduce Fe(III) in nontronite but also served as an electron shuttle to enhance Fe(III) bioreduction by S. putrefaciens. In the presence of CN32 cells, both the rate and extent of Fe(III) reduction significantly increased. Between the two HS, PPHA was more effective. The final bioreduction extents were 12.2 and 17.8% with LHA and PPHA, respectively, in bicarbonate buffer. Interestingly, when CN32 cells were present, LHA and PPHA donated more electrons to NAu-2, suggesting that CN32 cells were able to make additional electrons of LHA and PPHA available to reduce structural Fe(III). Although LHA reduced less Fe(III), it induced more extensive mineral transformation. In contrast, PPHA reduced more Fe(III) but did not induce any mineralogical change. These contrasting behaviors between the two humic acids are ascribed to their differences in electron-donating capacity, reactive functional group distribution, and metal complexation capacity. A unique set of secondary minerals, including talc, illite, silica, albite, ilmenite, and ferrihydrite formed as a result of reduction. The results highlight the importance of coupled C and Fe biogeochemical transformations and have implications for nutrient cycling and contaminant migration in the environment.
Test-Retest Reliability of Binaural Interaction Component (BIC) Using Speech and Non-Speech Evoked ABR
Authors: Kumar Kaushlendra , Divyashree M S , Roushan Ritik , Thomas Manita 
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective:
Binaural hearing serves as an advantage in daily communication by facilitating better localization of sounds and perception of speech in the presence of noise. BIC of ABR has been used to understand the binaural representation of different stimuli, such as transient clicks, and complex signals, such as speech. The present study aimed to investigate the test-retest reliability of the binaural interaction component for click and speech evoked ABR.

Methods:
30 individuals with normal hearing served as participants for the present study. ABR for click and speech stimuli (/da/) were recorded from these participants in monaural and binaural conditions. BIC was calculated using the formula: BIC = (L + R)- BI where, L + R is the sum of the left and right evoked potentials obtained with monaural stimulation, and BI is the response acquired from binaural stimulation. To investigate reliability, all the participants underwent three recording sessions. Session 1 and session 2 (intra-session) were carried out on the same day, separately. Whereas, session 3 (inter-session) was carried out after a minimum gap of 3 - 5 days after the first session. Intraclass correlation was used to investigate the test-retest reliability of click and speech evoked BIC across the three sessions.

Results:
The test-retest reliability for BICclick was found to be excellent for latency measures and fair to good for amplitude measures. BICspeech was found to be fair to good, except for BIC-3.

Conclusion:
The results of the present study indicate that the reliability of BICclick is better than that of BICspeech. These results suggest that the clinical utility of BICspeech should be exerted with caution.
Application of Robot Positioning for Cannulated Screw Internal Fixation in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture: Retrospective Study
Authors: Wan Lei , Zhang Xiangyun , Wu Dalong , Li Zhihao , Yuan Dongtao , Li Junming , Zhang Shikui , Yue Long , Zhang Shao'an 
Published: January 2021

Background
Femoral neck fracture is a common type of hip fracture. Conventional surgical treatment aims at fixing the fracture site with screws and then gradually promoting bone healing. A robot-assisted orthopedic surgery system is computer technology applied to surgical treatment.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and prognostic value of percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation using robot-assisted positioning in patients with femoral neck fractures.

Methods
From July 2018 to September 2019, 42 cases of femoral neck fracture admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College were randomly and averagely divided into control and study groups. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation, while the patients in the study group were treated with robot-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation during surgical treatment. We compared the treatment conditions and results of the operation between the 2 groups. The Harris score was used to evaluate the treatment efficacy. The state of fracture healing was followed up and compared between the 2 groups.

Results
The duration of the operation was shorter, there was less fluoroscopy use, and there were fewer drilled holes in the study group than in the control group (all, P<.001). There was no statistical difference in the amount of intraoperative bleeding between the 2 groups (P=.33). The Harris score (P=.045) and number of excellent and good ratings (P=.01) were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group. The difference in the fracture healing rate between the 2 groups was not statistically significant (P=.23). The fracture healing duration of the study group was shorter than that of the control group (P=.001).

Conclusions
The use of robotic positioning aids in the treatment of femoral neck fractures with percutaneous cannulated screw fixation can effectively improve the efficiency of surgery, shorten the duration of surgery, and reduce the radiation damage to patients. Meanwhile, it improves postoperative treatment and recovery rates of the patients and shortens the fracture healing time.
Virtual Reality or Augmented Reality as a Tool for Studying Bystander Behaviors in Interpersonal Violence: Scoping Review
Authors: Xue Jia , Hu Ran , Zhang Wenzhao , Zhao Yaxi , Zhang Bolun , Liu Nian , Li Sam-Chin , Logan Judith 
Published: January 2021

Background
To provide participants with a more real and immersive intervening experience, virtual reality (VR) and/or augmented reality (AR) technologies have been integrated into some bystander intervention training programs and studies measuring bystander behaviors.

Objective
We focused on whether VR or AR can be used as a tool to enhance training bystanders. We reviewed the evidence from empirical studies that used VR and/or AR as a tool for examining bystander behaviors in the domain of interpersonal violence research.

Methods
Two librarians searched for articles in databases, including APA PsycInfo (Ovid), Criminal Justice Abstracts (EBSCO), Medline (Ovid), Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ProQuest), Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), and Scopus till April 15, 2020. Studies focusing on bystander behaviors in conflict situations were included. All study types (except reviews) written in English in any discipline were included.

Results
The search resulted in 12,972 articles from six databases, and the articles were imported into Covidence. Eleven studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All 11 articles examined the use of VR as a tool for studying bystander behaviors. Most of the studies were conducted in US young adults. The types of interpersonal violence were school bullying, dating violence, sexual violence/assault, and soccer-associated violence. VR technology was used as an observational measure and bystander intervention program. We evaluated the different uses of VR for bystander behaviors and noted a lack of empirical evidence for AR as a tool. We also discuss the empirical evidence regarding the design, effectiveness, and limitations of implementing VR as a tool in the reviewed studies.

Conclusions
The reviewed results have implications and recommendations for future research in designing and implementing VR/AR technology in the area of interpersonal violence. Future studies in this area may further contribute to the use of VR as an observational measure and explore the potential use of AR to study bystander behaviors.
Simple Smartphone-Based Assessment of Gait Characteristics in Parkinson Disease: Validation Study
Authors: Su Dongning , Liu Zhu , Jiang Xin , Zhang Fangzhao , Yu Wanting , Ma Huizi , Wang Chunxue , Wang Zhan , Wang Xuemei , Hu Wanli , Manor Brad , Feng Tao , Zhou Junhong 
Published: January 2021

Background
Parkinson disease (PD) is a common movement disorder. Patients with PD have multiple gait impairments that result in an increased risk of falls and diminished quality of life. Therefore, gait measurement is important for the management of PD.

Objective
We previously developed a smartphone-based dual-task gait assessment that was validated in healthy adults. The aim of this study was to test the validity of this gait assessment in people with PD, and to examine the association between app-derived gait metrics and the clinical and functional characteristics of PD.

Methods
Fifty-two participants with clinically diagnosed PD completed assessments of walking, Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) rating scale tests. Participants followed multimedia instructions provided by the app to complete two 20-meter trials each of walking normally (single task) and walking while performing a serial subtraction dual task (dual task). Gait data were simultaneously collected with the app and gold-standard wearable motion sensors. Stride times and stride time variability were derived from the acceleration and angular velocity signal acquired from the internal motion sensor of the phone and from the wearable sensor system.

Results
High correlations were observed between the stride time and stride time variability derived from the app and from the gold-standard system (r=0.98-0.99, P<.001), revealing excellent validity of the app-based gait assessment in PD. Compared with those from the single-task condition, the stride time (F1,103=14.1, P<.001) and stride time variability (F1,103=6.8, P=.008) in the dual-task condition were significantly greater. Participants who walked with greater stride time variability exhibited a greater UPDRS III total score (single task: β=.39, P<.001; dual task: β=.37, P=.01), HAM-A (single-task: β=.49, P=.007; dual-task: β=.48, P=.009), and HAM-D (single task: β=.44, P=.01; dual task: β=.49, P=.009). Moreover, those with greater dual-task stride time variability (β=.48, P=.001) or dual-task cost of stride time variability (β=.44, P=.004) exhibited lower MoCA scores.

Conclusions
A smartphone-based gait assessment can be used to provide meaningful metrics of single- and dual-task gait that are associated with disease severity and functional outcomes in individuals with PD.
Similarity-Based Unsupervised Spelling Correction Using BioWordVec: Development and Usability Study of Bacterial Culture and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Reports
Authors: Kim Taehyeong , Han Sung Won , Kang Minji , Lee Se Ha , Kim Jong-Ho , Joo Hyung Joon , Sohn Jang Wook 
Published: January 2021

Background
Existing bacterial culture test results for infectious diseases are written in unrefined text, resulting in many problems, including typographical errors and stop words. Effective spelling correction processes are needed to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data for the study of infectious diseases, including medical terminology extraction. If a dictionary is established, spelling algorithms using edit distance are efficient. However, in the absence of a dictionary, traditional spelling correction algorithms that utilize only edit distances have limitations.

Objective
In this research, we proposed a similarity-based spelling correction algorithm using pretrained word embedding with the BioWordVec technique. This method uses a character-level N-grams–based distributed representation through unsupervised learning rather than the existing rule-based method. In other words, we propose a framework that detects and corrects typographical errors when a dictionary is not in place.

Methods
For detected typographical errors not mapped to Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) clinical terms, a correction candidate group with high similarity considering the edit distance was generated using pretrained word embedding from the clinical database. From the embedding matrix in which the vocabulary is arranged in descending order according to frequency, a grid search was used to search for candidate groups of similar words. Thereafter, the correction candidate words were ranked in consideration of the frequency of the words, and the typographical errors were finally corrected according to the ranking.

Results
Bacterial identification words were extracted from 27,544 bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility reports, and 16 types of spelling errors and 914 misspelled words were found. The similarity-based spelling correction algorithm using BioWordVec proposed in this research corrected 12 types of typographical errors and showed very high performance in correcting 97.48% (based on F1 score) of all spelling errors.

Conclusions
This tool corrected spelling errors effectively in the absence of a dictionary based on bacterial identification words in bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility reports. This method will help build a high-quality refined database of vast text data for electronic health records.
Food Allergy Symptom Self-Management With Technology (FASST) mHealth Intervention to Address Psychosocial Outcomes in Caregivers of Children With Newly Diagnosed Food Allergy: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Broome Brantlee , Madisetti Mohan , Prentice Margaret , Williams Kelli Wong , Kelechi Teresa 
Published: January 2021

Background
Approximately 2.4 million children in the United States suffer from food-induced anaphylaxis, a condition that is annually responsible for over 200 deaths and 200,000 emergency room visits. As a result, caregivers of children newly diagnosed with severe and life-threatening food allergic reactions experience clinically significant symptoms of psychological distress, including fatigue, anxiety, depressed mood, social isolation, and substantially reduced quality of life. Despite this recognition, there is a lack of caregiver-centered self-management interventions to address these concerns.

Objective
In this protocol, we propose to develop and conduct feasibility testing of a technology-enhanced, self-management, mobile health, smartphone app intervention called Food Allergy Symptom Self-Management with Technology for Caregivers (FASST) designed to meet the psychosocial health needs of caregivers of children with a new diagnosis of food allergy.

Methods
This pilot study uses qualitative work (Phase I) to inform a 4-week longitudinal randomized controlled trial (Phase II). In Phase I, 10 caregivers of children (≤18 years old) with established food allergy (≥1 year from diagnosis) will participate in semistructured interviews to inform the development of the FASST app. In Phase II, 30 caregivers of children (≤18 years old) with a newly diagnosed food allergy (≤90 days from diagnosis) will be randomized 2:1 to receive the FASST intervention (n=20) or control condition (basic app with educational resources; n=10). Process measures include feasibility, caregiver acceptability, adherence, and satisfaction. Outcome measures include caregiver fatigue, anxiety, depression, sleep, self-efficacy, and quality of life measured at baseline, week 4, and 3 months post study completion.

Results
Phase I study activities have been completed, and Phase II participant enrollment into the randomized controlled trial is expected to commence in 2021.

Conclusions
With limited readily available resources at their disposal, the results from this study have the potential to provide caregivers of children with a newly diagnosed food allergy a tool to help them self-manage and mitigate negative psychosocial factors during a critical time period in the caregiving/condition trajectory.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04512924: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04512924

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/25805
Kebijakan Pertamina dalam Perdagangan Minyak Indonesia (1969–2015)
Authors: Soemarinda Sukusen , Keban Yeremias T. , Darwin Muhadjir , Tumiran Tumiran 
Published: January 2021

Pertamina has a long history of oil trading and was influenced by the actors seizing for the power. The first oil shipments was held in 1958, while this research only discussesPertamina oil trading from 1969 to 2015 through a special subsidiary which was established to carry out the trading for almost fifty years since it was still named as Perta Group (1969) until Petral (2015). The purpose of this research is to know how Pertamina oil trading policy was specified and implemented over a period of time and parties affecting the process so rent- seeking and corruption happened throughout the history of Pertamina oil trading. The method of research a descriptive qualitative method of case study. The data was collected from various documents and interview of perpetrators related. Based on the research carried out, Pertamina oil trading from Perta Group (1969) until Petral (2015) could be classified into three periods, i.e. Perta Group period (1969-1978), POML period (1978-1998), and Petral (1998-2015). The first and second period occurred under the authority of the New Order government, while the third period under the reformation periodThe first period was characterized by the domination of military interests and the second period influenced by the interests of inner circle and family business related to the ruler of the New Order and the third period was dominated by the influence of powerfull person/company.
Pola Asuh Orang Tua pada Anak Usia 10-14 Tahun di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Listyaningsih Umi , Alfana Muhammad Arif Fahrudin , Pujihastuti Resti , Amrullah Hilma 
Published: January 2021

Usia 10-14 tahun merupakan masa remaja awal dimana usia tersebut merupakan usia persiapan anak saat tumbuh menjadi pribadi yang matang. Oleh sebab itu, pola asuh orang tua yang tepat pada usia ini akan menjadi hal yang penting bagi tahap perkembangan selanjutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pola asuh orang tua pada anak usia 10-14 tahun di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode surveidengan sampel sebanyak 150 rumah tangga yang dipilih secara acak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola asuh orang tua di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta terdiri atas pola asuh demokratis, otoriter, permisif dan acuh. Berdasarkan keempat pola asuh tersebut, sebagian besar keluarga menyatakan telah menerapkan pola asuh demokratis untuk mendidik anak-anaknya. Children aged 10-14 years are the stages of early adolescence. It is the age of preparation when they grow into mature ones. Parenting at this age will be very important for the next stage of children development. The purpose of the present study is to describe parenting in children aged 10-14 years in Special Region of Yogyakarta. The present study used a survey method with a sample of 150 households chosen randomly. The results indicated that parenting implemented by the families in the Special Region of Yogyakarta consisted of democratic parenting, authoritarian/otoriter parenting, permissive parenting and neglectful parenting. Based on the four types of parenting, most families implemented democratic parenting to raise and care their children.
Peran Pekerja Perempuan dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Keluarga Migran di Kecamatan Ilir Barat I Kota Palembang
Authors: Hazani Ilham Alhaq , Taqwa Ridho , Abdullah Rosmiyati 
Published: January 2021

Selain sebagai ibu rumah tangga, biasanya perempuan memiliki peran sebagai pekerja. Tekanan ekonomi dan pendapatan yang tidak mencukupi merupakan alasan yang membuat perempuan memutuskan bekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran pekerja perempuan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga migran di Kota Palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam (in- depth interview). Sumber data yang digunakan adalah informan yang berjumlah dua belas orang yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Peneliti menggunakan tahap credibility, transferability, dependability, dan confirmability untuk menguji keabsahan data, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan tahap reduction, display, dan conclusion. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pekerja perempuan berperan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga migran, seperti membantu memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari, menambah penghasilan, menambahan modal usaha dan investasi, tabungan serta biaya kesehatan dan biaya pendidikan.Aside from being housewives, women usually have a role as workers. Economic pressure and an inadequate income are the reasons why women decide to work. The present study aims to analyze the role of female workers in increasing the income of migrant families in Palembang City. The research method used in the present study was a qualitative method by collecting data through in-depth interviews. The sources of data were twelve informants selected by using a purposive sampling. To test the validity of data, the researchers used credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability, while data analysis used stages of reduction, display, and conclution. The present study reveals that female workers played an important role in increasing the income of migrant families, such as helping to meet the daily living needs, increasing the income, the business capital and investment, savings, as well as medical expenses and education costs.