bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Spatio-temporal Gait Parameters and Cognitive Function: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Fukuoka Tatsuya , Irie Shun , Watanabe Yoshiteru , Kutsuna Toshiki , Abe Akiko 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMotor dysfunctions, such as slower walking speed, precede the occurrence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment, suggesting that walking parameters may be effective biomarkers for detecting early sub-clinical cognitive risk. In fact, while our preliminary study had a small sample, we found several walking parameters obtained by three-dimensional motion capture system, to be correlated with computer-based assessments of various cognitive function modalities. The Cognitive-Gait (CoGait) Database Project, described in the current protocol, aims to establish a database of multi-dimensional walking and cognitive performance data, collected from a large sample of healthy participants, crucial for detecting early sub-clinical cognitive risk. Methods: The study will recruit healthy volunteers, 20 years or older, without any neurological or musculoskeletal disorders. The estimated sample size is 450 participants, including a 10% attrition rate. Using computer-based cognitive assessments, all participants will perform six tasks: (i) the simple reaction time task, (ii) Go/No-Go task, (iii) Stroop Color–Word Test, (iv) N-back test, (v) Trail making test, and (vi) Digit Span test. Gait will be measured through joint kinematics and global positioning in participants’ lower legs, using pants with an inertial measurement unit-based three-dimensional motion capture system, while walking at a comfortable and faster pace. Finally, we will establish a prediction model for various cognitive performance modalities, based on walking performance. Discussion: This will be the first study to reveal the relationship between walking and cognitive performance using multi-dimensional data collected from a large sample of healthy adults, from the general population. Although there are several methodological limitations, such as accuracy of measurements, the CoGait database is expected to be the standard value for both walking and cognitive functions, supporting the evaluation of psychomotor function in early sub-clinical cognitive risk, including motoric-cognitive risk syndrome.Trial registration: None.
Transcriptome Analysis of Sugarcane in Response to Colletotrichum Falcatum Infection Reveals Repertoire of Transcription Factors and Host Targets
Authors: Prasanth C. Naveen , Rasappa Viswanathan , Malathi P. , Sundar A.R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background - Sugarcane (Saccharum spp hybrid), an important C4 perennial plantation crop, globally grown for white sugar and ethanol production. Red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum is one of the most important threats affecting sugarcane productivity in many countries including India.Materials and Methods - Comprehensive understanding is very much needed to define their transcription level differences and their key regulatory genes during interaction of sugarcane with C. falcatum. To compute and evaluate the molecular mechanism in sugarcane, transcriptome analysis of sugarcane challenged with C. falcatum was sequenced using Hi-Seq 2500 and gene expression profiles were generated by qRT-PCR assays in both compatible and incompatible interactions after challenge inoculation of C. falcatum in sugarcane.Results - A total of 15,728,914 reads were aligned to 48,935 unigenes using BOWTIE 2; the unigenes were annotated using BLASTX and found that 39,895 unigenes were annotated and 22,025 were unigenes with respect to host species, 8,830 with respect to Colletotrichum spp and 9,040 were found to be novel genes. A total of 243 transcription factors (TFs) were found to be predicted in sugarcane challenged with C. falcatum and those TFs were divided into 45 specific families. WRKY, MYB, NAC, bHLH and AUX/IAA transcription factors were found to be abundant which are considered to be key regulators in controlling wide range of molecular events such as defense response, oxidative stimuli, host signalling and triggering disease resistance. In addition, a lot of stress related genes and genes involved in gene ontological and KEGG pathway were significantly affected due to C. falcatum infection. Quantative real time PCR assays carried out to validate reliability of observed expression patterns in sugarcane in response to C. falcatum infection illustrates first transcriptome wide in planta identification and analysis of TF repertoire in the host pathogen interaction.Conclusion - The results of this study provide a benchmark discovery in finding host targets and provide tissue specific data set of genes that express in response to C. falcatum in sugarcane and also a complete analysis of main group of genes that significantly enriched under this condition. This is the first comprehensive work provides basis for the further studies to dissect role of TFs at molecular level in sugarcane defense to fungal pathogens.
Do Entrapment, Injuries, Outcomes and Potential for Self-extrication Vary with Age? A Pre-specified Analysis of the UK Trauma Registry (TARN)
Authors: Nutbeam Tim , Kehoe Anthony , Fenwick Rob , Smith Jason , Bouamra Omar , Wallis Lee , Stassen Willem 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), particularly those associated with entrapment, are a common cause of major trauma. Current extrication methods are focused on spinal movement minimisation and mitigation, but for many patients’ self-extrication may be an appropriate alternative. Older drivers and passengers are increasingly injured in MVCs and may be at an increased risk of entrapment and its deleterious effects. The aim of this study is to describe the injuries, trapped status, outcomes, and potential for self-extrication for patients following an MVC across a range of age groups. Methods:This is a retrospective study using the Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) database. Patients were included if they were admitted to an English hospital following an MVC from 2012 to 2019. Patients were excluded when their outcomes were not known or if they were secondary transfers. Simple descriptive analysis was used across the age groups: 16-59, 60-69, 70-79 and 80+ years. Logistic regression was performed to develop a model with known confounders, considering the odds of death by age group, and examining any interaction between age and trapped status with mortality. Results:70,027 patients met the inclusion criteria. Older patients were more likely to be trapped and to die following an MVC (p<0.0001). Head, abdominal and limb injuries were more common in the young with thoracic and spinal injuries being more common in older patients (all p<0.0001). No statistical difference was found between the age groups in relation to ability to self-extricate. After adjustment for confounders, the 80+ age group were more likely to die if they were trapped; adjusted OR trapped 30.2 (19.8 - 46), not trapped 24.2 (20.1 - 29.2). Conclusions:Patients over the age of 80 are more likely to die when trapped following an MVC. Self-extrication should be considered the primary route of egress for patients of all ages unless it is clearly impracticable or unachievable. For those patients who cannot self-extricate, a minimally invasive extrication approach should be employed to minimise entrapment time.
"MORIEF Technique" for Schatzker Type II–III Tibial Plateau Fractures with Tension Blisters: A Retrospective Study of Seven Patients
Authors: Qi Xin , Xu Yong-Qing , Tan Hong-Bo , Xia Shen , Xu Xiao-Yan , Lv Qian , Zhao Ze-Yu , Zhu Yue-Liang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: When tibial plateau fractures are combined with tension blisters, internal fixation surgery must be delayed. However, a prolonged delay may cause complications during fracture treatment. To combat this challenge, we innovatively proposed a minimally open reduction and Ilizarov external fixation (MORIEF) technology. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the treatment, safety, and efficacy of the MORIEF technique in Schatzker type II–III tibial plateau fractures with tension blisters.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of seven patients with Schatzker type II–III tibial plateau fractures with tension blisters treated at our hospital from September 2013 to March 2017. All patients (five males, two females; mean age: 38.1±8.2 [range: 28–50] years) underwent the MORIEF technique. The Knee Society Score (KSS) and assessment of bone status according to the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) scoring system were used to evaluate the knee joint function and bone healing condition.Results: The operative time was 108.6±14.6 (range: 90–135) min, blood loss was 104.3±50.4 (range: 50–200) ml, time from operation to discharge was 2.6±0.7 (range: 2–4) days, and the follow-up period was 20.6±1.8 (range: 18–22) weeks. The fractures healed in all patients at 11.9±1.1 (range: 10–14) weeks. Except for one case of needle tract infection, no other complications occurred. At the last follow-up, the KSS presented a clinical score of 80–95 (mean: 86.4±4.4) points and a functional score of 85–95 (mean: 87.9±3.6) points. According to ASAMI, four cases were classified as excellent, two as good, one as fair, and none as poor.Conclusions: The use of the MORIEF technology for the treatment of Schatzker type II–III tibial plateau fractures with tension blisters showed that the resulting incidence of infection is low, weight-bearing and walking can be resumed immediately, hospitalization time is shortened, economic burden of patients is reduced, and fracture healing and joint function recovery are not affected postoperatively. Therefore, this technique was shown to be a relatively safe and effective treatment method for the condition.
Wall-Eyed Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia Caused by Unilateral Subpontine Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Jun , Yu Chuan , Jiang Yiyun , Li Xiang , Fang Yiyi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background： Wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia syndrome (WEBINO) is a rare disorder comprising bilateral exotropia, bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and impaired convergence. It is usually caused by a midbrain lesion. Case presentation ：We describe a rare case of WEBINO, with the lesion located in the lower pons, in a 69-year-old man with acute ischemic stroke. Conclusions ：Our report alerts physicians to the possibility of bilateral WEBINO due to unilateral infarction.
Utilization of Insecticide Treated Nets and Health Seeking Behavior for fever among Children under Five in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Esuabom Melford , Aworh Mabel Kamweli , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Balogun Muhammad Shakir , Bamgboye Eniola , Dahiru Tukur 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMalaria remains a burden globally with the WHO African region accounting for 94% of the overall disease burden and deaths in 2019. Nigeria alone accounted for 27% of total malarial cases and 23% of deaths. Insecticide-treated nets (ITN) use and receiving early care for fever represent the most cost-effective means of malaria prevention and control. In this study, we assessed the utilization of ITNs in households with under-five children in Southwest Nigeria, the health-seeking behavior of their caregivers for fever, and associated factors.MethodsThis was a secondary data analysis of the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Analysis was restricted to under-five children residing in Southwest Nigeria. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was conducted to determine factors associated with utilization of ITNs and care-seeking for fever in under-five children. Complex samples command of SPSS (Version 23) was used to account for survey sampling design.ResultsOf 2,281 under-five children in households with at least one ITN, 67.6% (1542) slept under an ITN the night before the survey. Predictors of ITN use were the age of child (<12 months), wealth index (poorest), number of nets in a household (2 or more), and number of household members (1-3). Of the 4,153 under-five children, 8.7% (360) had fever, and advice or treatment was sought for 72.4% (261). Predictors of good health-seeking behavior were the age of a child <12 months (AOR=2.81, 95% CI = 1.08-7.31), mothers’ education, and state of residence. Mothers who had secondary education were less likely to report care-seeking than those with higher education (AOR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.19-0.98). Mothers from Osun, Ekiti, and Lagos state were less likely to seek care than those from Ogun state.ConclusionWe found that the utilization of insecticide-treated nets and seeking of care for fever in under five years of age in Southwest Nigeria were below the National Malaria Strategic Plan goal of 80% and 100% respectively. The state governments of Osun, Ekiti, and Lagos should develop strategies to improve ITN use and early seeking of care for fever in under-five children.
Isolated Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Deficiency Caused by Camrelizumab in a Patient with Lung Sarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Huang Wen , Feng Saran 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors significantly increase survival in some malignant tumors, but they also lead to a variety of immune-related adverse events that affect multiple organs, including the liver, lung and endocrine system. Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency (IAD) is a rare pituitary disorder characterized by secondary adrenal insufficiency with low or absent cortisol production but the normal secretion of pituitary hormones other than ACTH. IAD caused by atezolizumab, pembrolizumab and nivolumab therapy had been reported, but none is reported in camrelizumab, a new immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Clinicians may not be aware of this unusual side effect.
Case presentation:
Here, we describe a 70-year-old male patient who had lung sarcoma and was treated with camrelizumab. After nine months of treatment, he developed immune-related pneumonia and hepatitis associated with camrelizumab. The patient discontinued the drug and recovered soon after administration of glucocorticoids. But he subsequently appeared severe hyponatremia, and was diagnosed with late-onset IAD induced by camrelizumab. His symptoms alleviated after glucocorticoid replacement therapy.
Conclusion
Regular monitoring serum sodium levels and testing endocrine function should be beneficial for cancer patients not only during the treatment of camrelizumab but also after discontinuation of the ICI. Clinicians should consider IAD induced by ICIs when hyponatremia occurs in the patients.
Development of a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) questionnaire to elicit values by pregnant women and decision-makers for the expansion of a NIPS-based prenatal screening program
Authors: Nguyen Hung Manh , Lindsay Carmen , Baradaran Mohammad , Guertin Jason Robert , Nshimyumukiza Leon , Soukkhaphone Bounhome , Reinharz Daniel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn an accountable world, being able to take into account the value given by relevant stakeholders to an intervention that could be offered to the population is considered as desirable. DCE is an approach particularly suited for the measurement of such values in the field of prenatal care. Yet, DCE studies in the field of prenatal screening have focused mainly on pregnant women and their care providers but have neglected another key actor, the decision-makers. The objective of the study was to develop a DCE instrument applicable to pregnant women and decision-makers, for the evaluation of new conditions to be added to a screening program for fetal chromosomal anomalies.MethodsAn instrument development study was undertaken. Methods employed included a literature review, a qualitative study performed on pregnant women and decision-makers, and a pilot project to validate the developed instrument and test the feasibility of its administration through an online survey platform. ResultsAn initial list of ten attributes and levels were built from the information provided by the literature review and the qualitative research component of the study. Seven attributes were built based on responses provided by participants from both groups. Two attributes were built from what was said by women only and one from what was said by decision-makers only. Search for consensus through consultations and a focus group discussion led to the retention of eight attributes. A pilot project was then performed with 33 pregnant women. This led to the exclusion of one attribute that showed poor influence on the choice making. The final version of the instrument contains seven attributes.ConclusionThis paper presents the construction of a DCE instrument that can be administered to pregnant women on the demand side, and decision-makers on the supply side. Such an instrument to measure the social desirability of an intervention could be an added value to the decision-making process of Health Technology Assessment agencies.
PROTEUS: an immersive tool for traveling across space and time scales
Authors: Albertini Niccolò , Baldini Jacopo , Pino Andrea Dal , Lazzari Federico , Legnaioli Stefano , Barone Vincenzo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the context of scientific visualization, the main challenge is to achieve a good balance between the accurate representation of scientific data (computed or stored in databases) and the visual quality of the virtual experience itself. Traditional scientific software relies on custom tools meant to be used on conventional terminals or software developed with mouse and keyboard in mind. However, the true advantage of Virtual Reality is the enhanced ability of finding connections between apparently heterogeneous information, discovering correlations that would otherwise be harder to detect. In particular, in the field of Digital Humanities, it is increasingly necessary to develop and validate virtual reality tools that are capable of combining various scientific data in a Virtual Reality context with access and consultation of online repositories. This paper reports the main aspects of the implementation of a heterogeneous relational database available online storing 3D models, metadata and chemical analyses related to different sectors of digital humanities. The Virtual Reality software, called PROTEUS, allows the user to shrink himself from the macroscopic world of Digital Humanities, down to the microscopic world of molecular sciences. The web platform is connected to the virtual reconstruction software, which dynamically loads the information available in the online repository within the virtual reality application. This application also provides a detailed explanation of the reconstruction of the 3D models for the various objects, and the chemical analyses. The real advantage of a virtual reality application is the real time interaction with data and 3D models, thus allowing the researcher to understand and manipulate objects, to test hypotheses and to seek meaningful results, visualizing the metadata while changing the parameters of the simulation in a dynamic and interactive way. This is a significant step forward in the democratization of science, by means of an user friendly and immersive access to advanced scientific algorithms, and the integration of the Proxima Molecular Perception library, which allows the automatic perception of structural and topological features of the underlying molecular and supra-molecular systems.
Up-regulated microRNA-185-3p inhibits the development of hyperlipidemia in rats
Authors: Zhao Hua , Li yanbing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective
MicroRNA (miR)-185-3p roles have been probed in multiple cancers, while the underlying function of miR-185-3p in hyperlipidemia remained obscure. This research was conducted to unravel miR-185-3p function in hyperlipidemia development via modulating mastermind-like 1 (MAML1).
Methods
The hyperlipidemia rat model was constructed. MiR-185-3p and MAML1 levels in hyperlipidemia rats were detected. Adenoviral vectors altering miR-185-3p and MAML1 levels were injected into hyperlipidemia rats to examine the levels of biochemical indices, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, lipid accumulation and cellular morphology in liver tissues of hyperlipidemia rats. The targeting relation between miR-185-3p and MAML1 was manifested.
Results
MiR-185-3p levels were depleted while MAML1 expression was elevated in HH rats. MiR-185-3p overexpression or MAML1 silencing reduced levels of inflammatory factors in serum, mitigated oxidative stress and biochemical response, relieved lipid accumulation and cellular morphology in liver tissues; while up-regulated MAML1 reversed the effects of augmented MAML1 in hyperlipidemia rats. MiR-185-3p targeted MAML1.
Conclusion
Up-regulated miR-185-3p represses hyperlipidemia development via modulating MAML1. This research provides novel therapeutic candidates for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Cytomegalovirus Corneal Infection
Authors: Zang Yunxiao , Peng Rongmei , Qu Jinghao , Xiao Gege , He Linhui , Zhang Xuanjun , Shuai Lixue , Hong Jing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The present study assessed the risk factors for cytomegalovirus (CMV) corneal infection and compared the odds ratios.Methods: This study was a retrospective case-control study (2014.12–2021.1) over a 6-year period. We reviewed the medical record data and compared the differences between the CMV-positive and virus-negative groups with regard to sex, age, first diagnosis, and ocular complications to identify factors that may be associated with CMV corneal infections. The risk factors for CMV corneal infection were analysed using the chi-squared test and binary logistic regression models.Results: Ninety CMV-positive cases and 151 virus-negative controls were involved in this study. The risk factors for CMV corneal infection were Stevens-Johnson syndrome ocular complication (OR 12.851, 95%CI, 1.435–111.111; P=0.000), a penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) (OR 4.950, 95%CI, 2.632–9.346; P=0.024, and an anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) (OR 5.290, 95%CI, 1.250–22.222; P=0.022).Conclusion: Severe corneal damage (PKP or DALK) and a severe corneal inflammatory response (SJS ocular complication) may be risk factors for CMV corneal infections.
Glideosomal GAP50 binders that inhibit invasion and restrict malaria parasite in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Agrawal Prakhar , Kumari Surekha , Sharma Upendra , Sahal Dinkar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Malaria continues to be a killer disease even in the modern world. Vaccines and drugs have a lot to learn from the malaria parasite before they can be successful. Here, using a filter for glideosomal anchor protein PfGAP50, we have explored a plethora of small molecules to shortlist eight GAP50 binders with promising antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 3 µM) that are also highly selective. Of these, Hayatinin, Bedaquiline, MMV688271, Curine, and Brilacidin with PfINDO IC50 ≤ 1 µM were found to stall merozoites invasion by inhibiting IMC formation besides increasing ROS levels in trophozoites. Bedaquiline loaded healthy RBCs showed prophylactic ability to prevent intraerythrocytic development of malaria parasite. Synergistic activities with ΣFIC values as low as 0.22 (Curine and Artemisinin) or 0.37 (Bedaquiline and Artemisinin) augur well for the development of drug combinations to combat malaria effectively. Interestingly, orally delivered Bedaquiline (50 mg/Kg b. wt.) showed substantial suppression of parasitemia in the mouse model of malaria.