bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of smartphone-based stress management programs on depression and anxiety of hospital nurses in Vietnam: a three-arm randomized controlled trial
Authors: Imamura Kotaro , Tran Thuy Thi Thu , Nguyen Huong Thanh , Sasaki Natsu , Kuribayashi Kazuto , Sakuraya Asuka , Bui Thu Minh , Nguyen Anh Quoc , Nguyen Quynh Thuy , Nguyen Nga Thi , Nguyen Kien Trung , Nguyen Giang Thi Huong , Tran Xuyen Thi Ngoc , Truong Tien Quang , Zhang Melvyn Weibin , Minas Harry , Sekiya Yuki , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Tsutsumi Akizumi , Kawakami Norito 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThere are growing concerns on stress among nurses in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in South-East Asia. It is important to improve mental health among nurses in these countries. The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of two types of newly developed smartphone-based stress management programs in improving depressive and anxiety symptoms among hospital nurses in Vietnam. This study was a three-arm (including two intervention groups and one control group) randomized trial. Participants were recruited from nurses in a large general hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. Two types (free-choice and fixed sequential order) of smartphone-based stress management programs were developed. Participants were randomly allocated to Program A (a free-choice, multimodule stress management), Program B (a fixed-order, internet cognitive behavioral therapy, iCBT), or a control group (treatment as usual). The depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales at baseline, 3-, and 7-month follow-up surveys. 951 participants were randomly allocated to each of the three groups. Program B showed a statistically significant effect on improving depressive symptoms at 3-month (p = 0.048), but not at 7-month (p = 0.92); Cohen’s d was − 0.18 (95% CI − 0.34 to − 0.02) and 0.03 (95% CI − 1.00 to 1.05), respectively. Program A failed to show a significant intervention effect on any of the outcomes at 3- or 7-month follow-up (p > 0.05). Despite the small effect size, the present fixed-order iCBT program seems effective in improving depression of hospital nurses in Vietnam. A public health impact of the intervention can be scalable, when considering its accessibility and minimal cost.Trial registration number: The study protocol is registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMINCTR; ID = UMIN000033139). Registered date of the protocol is 1st Jul. 2018. https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000037796
The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
Authors: Zwirner Johann , Ondruschka Benjamin , Scholze Mario , Workman Joshua , Thambyah Ashvin , Hammer Niels 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRealistic biomechanical models of the human head should accurately reflect the mechanical properties of all neurocranial bones. Previous studies predominantly focused on static testing setups, males, restricted age ranges and scarcely investigated the temporal area. This given study determined the biomechanical properties of 64 human neurocranial samples (age range of 3 weeks to 94 years) using testing velocities of 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 m/s in a three-point bending setup. Maximum forces were higher with increasing testing velocities (p ≤ 0.031) but bending strengths only revealed insignificant increases (p ≥ 0.052). The maximum force positively correlated with the sample thickness (p ≤ 0.012 at 2.0 m/s and 3.0 m/s) and bending strength negatively correlated with both age (p ≤ 0.041) and sample thickness (p ≤ 0.036). All parameters were independent of sex (p ≥ 0.120) apart from a higher bending strength of females (p = 0.040) for the 3.5 -m/s group. All parameters were independent of the post mortem interval (p ≥ 0.061). This study provides novel insights into the dynamic mechanical properties of distinct neurocranial bones over an age range spanning almost one century. It is concluded that the former are age-, site- and thickness-dependent, whereas sex dependence needs further investigation.
Neural networks for increased accuracy of allergenic pollen monitoring
Authors: Polling Marcel , Li Chen , Cao Lu , Verbeek Fons , de Weger Letty A. , Belmonte Jordina , De Linares Concepción , Willemse Joost , de Boer Hugo , Gravendeel Barbara 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMonitoring of airborne pollen concentrations provides an important source of information for the globally increasing number of hay fever patients. Airborne pollen is traditionally counted under the microscope, but with the latest developments in image recognition methods, automating this process has become feasible. A challenge that persists, however, is that many pollen grains cannot be distinguished beyond the genus or family level using a microscope. Here, we assess the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to increase taxonomic accuracy for airborne pollen. As a case study we use the nettle family (Urticaceae), which contains two main genera (Urtica and Parietaria) common in European landscapes which pollen cannot be separated by trained specialists. While pollen from Urtica species has very low allergenic relevance, pollen from several species of Parietaria is severely allergenic. We collect pollen from both fresh as well as from herbarium specimens and use these without the often used acetolysis step to train the CNN model. The models show that unacetolyzed Urticaceae pollen grains can be distinguished with > 98% accuracy. We then apply our model on before unseen Urticaceae pollen collected from aerobiological samples and show that the genera can be confidently distinguished, despite the more challenging input images that are often overlain by debris. Our method can also be applied to other pollen families in the future and will thus help to make allergenic pollen monitoring more specific.
Re-crushing process and non-Darcian seepage characteristics of broken coal medium in coal mine water inrush
Authors: Pang Mingkun , Zhang Tianjun , Guo Yi , Zhang Lei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe initiation process of the mine water inrush accident, the essence of this process is the sudden change of the seepage state of the broken coal medium under pressure and the instability of the skeleton. In order to study the re-crushing mechanism and seepage characteristics of the broken coal medium under load, a set of three-axis seepage system was designed independently. Using the steady-state infiltration method, multiple flow factors under different particle size combinations and different stress conditions of the broken coal medium were obtained. The results of the study indicate: in one hand, the reduction of the porosity of the broken coal medium will cause the flow channel to be rebuilt, and the sudden change of flow rate will directly lead to the non-Darcian flow behavior. The early stage of compaction mainly affects the permeability k value, and the later stage of compaction mainly affects the non-Darcian β value; On the other hand, the seepage throat in the broken coal medium may have a sharp increase in its flow rate, leading to a sudden change in the flow pattern. The critical Reynolds number is also used to determine whether non-Darcian flow is formed, and its value in the water inrush system is about 40–133; at the same time, the non-Darcian flow in the broken coal medium conforms to the Forchheimer-type flow law. By analyzing the dependence relationship between factors, a seepage factor representation algebraic relationship suitable for Forchheimer type non-Darcian flow of broken coal medium is given, which can be used as a calculation basis in the prevention and treatment of mine water inrush accidents.
An advancement in the synthesis of nano Pd@magnetic amine-Functionalized UiO-66-NH2 catalyst for cyanation and O-arylation reactions
Authors: Moghaddam Firouz Matloubi , Jarahiyan Atefeh , Heidarian Haris Mahdi , Pourjavadi Ali 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe magnetic MOF-based catalytic system has been reported here to be an efficient catalyst for synthesis of benzonitriles and diarylethers of aryl halides under optimal conditions. The MOF catalyst was built based on magnetic nanoparticles and UiO-66-NH2 which further modified with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and 5-phenyl tetrazole at the same time and the catalyst structure was confirmed by various techniques. This new modification has been applied to increase anchoring palladium into the support. Furthermore, the products’ yields were obtained in good to excellent for all reactions under mild conditions which result from superior activity of the synthesized heterogeneous catalyst containing palladium. Also, the magnetic property of the MOF-based catalyst makes it easy to separate from reaction mediums and reuse in the next runs.
A genetic variant in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) modifies cancer risk in Lynch syndrome patients harbouring pathogenic MSH2 variants
Authors: Wiik Mariann Unhjem , Evans Tiffany-Jane , Belhadj Sami , Bolton Katherine A. , Dymerska Dagmara , Jagmohan-Changur Shantie , Capellá Gabriel , Kurzawski Grzegorz , Wijnen Juul T. , Valle Laura , Vasen Hans F. A. , Lubinski Jan , Scott Rodney J. , Talseth-Palmer Bente A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIndividuals with Lynch syndrome (LS), have an increased risk of developing cancer. Common genetic variants oftelomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)have been associated with a wide range of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC) in LS. We combined genotype data from 1881 LS patients, carrying pathogenic variants inMLH1,MSH2orMSH6,for rs2075786 (G>A, intronic variant), 1207 LS patients for rs2736108 (C>T, upstream variant) and 1201 LS patients for rs7705526 (C>A, intronic variant). The risk of cancer was estimated by heterozygous/homozygous odds ratio (OR) with mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust for gene/gender/country of sample origin considering family identity. The AA genotype of SNP rs2075786 is associated with 85% higher odds at developing cancer compared to GG genotype inMSH2pathogenic variant carriers (p = 0.0160). Kaplan–Meier analysis also shows an association for rs2075786; the AA allele forMSH2variant carriers confers risk for earlier diagnosis of LS cancer (log-rankp = 0.0011). We report a polymorphism inTERTto be a possible modifier of disease risk inMSH2pathogenic variant carriers. The rs2075786 SNP inTERTis associated with a differential risk of developing cancer forMSH2pathogenic variant carriers. Use of this information has the potential to personalise screening protocols for LS patients.
Vibration-based biomimetic odor classification
Authors: Pandey Nidhi , Pal Debasattam , Saha Dipankar , Ganguly Swaroop 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOlfaction is not as well-understood as vision or audition, nor technologically addressed. Here, Chemical Graph Theory is shown to connect the vibrational spectrum of an odorant molecule, invoked in the Vibration Theory of Olfaction, to its structure, which is germane to the orthodox Shape Theory. Atomistic simulations yield the Eigen-VAlue (EVA) vibrational pseudo-spectra for 20 odorant molecules grouped into 6 different ‘perceptual’ classes by odour. The EVA is decomposed into peaks corresponding to different types of vibrational modes. A novel secondary pseudo-spectrum, informed by this physical insight—the Peak-Decomposed EVA (PD-EVA)—has been proposed here. Unsupervised Machine Learning (spectral clustering), applied to the PD-EVA, clusters the odours into different ‘physical’ (vibrational) classes that match the ‘perceptual’, and also reveal inherent perceptual subclasses. This establishes a physical basis for vibration-based odour classification, harmonizes the Shape and Vibration theories, and points to vibration-based sensing as a promising path towards a biomimetic electronic nose.
Fluorescent base analogues in gapmers enable stealth labeling of antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics
Authors: Nilsson Jesper R. , Baladi Tom , Gallud Audrey , Baždarević Dženita , Lemurell Malin , Esbjörner Elin K. , Wilhelmsson L. Marcus , Dahlén Anders 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo expand the antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) fluorescence labeling toolbox beyond covalent conjugation of external dyes (e.g. ATTO-, Alexa Fluor-, or cyanine dyes), we herein explore fluorescent base analogues (FBAs) as a novel approach to endow fluorescent properties to ASOs. Both cytosine and adenine analogues (tC, tCO, 2CNqA, and pA) were incorporated into a 16mer ASO sequence with a 3-10-3 cEt-DNA-cEt (cEt = constrained ethyl) gapmer design. In addition to a comprehensive photophysical characterization, we assess the label-induced effects on the gapmers’ RNA affinities, RNA-hybridized secondary structures, and knockdown efficiencies. Importantly, we find practically no perturbing effects for gapmers with single FBA incorporations in the biologically critical gap region and, except for pA, the FBAs do not affect the knockdown efficiencies. Incorporating two cytosine FBAs in the gap is equally well tolerated, while two adenine analogues give rise to slightly reduced knockdown efficiencies and what could be perturbed secondary structures. We furthermore show that the FBAs can be used to visualize gapmers inside live cells using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, enabling comparative assessment of their uptake. This altogether shows that FBAs are functional ASO probes that provide a minimally perturbing in-sequence labeling option for this highly relevant drug modality.
Proteomics analysis reveals the effect of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides on development of early testes in piglets
Authors: Chen Haodong , Bühler Kathrin , Zhu Yan , Nie Xiongwei , Liu Wanghong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract1α,25(OH)2VD3is the most active form of VD3 in animals. It plays an important role in regulating mineral metabolism but also in reproduction. Testes are the main reproductive organs of male mammals. Our research aims to reveal the effect of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides on development of early testes in piglets. 140 weaned 21-day old piglets were selected. The piglets were randomly divided into four groups and were fed a commercial diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 4 μg/kg of 1α,25(OH)2VD3, provided as 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides. Sixty days after the start of the experiment, at piglet age 82 days, testes were harvested. The morphology and histology of early testicular development were assessed. In addition, the proteomic TMT/iTRAQ labelling technique was used to analyse the protein profile of the testes in each group. Western blotting was applied to verify the target of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). The analysis of morphology and histology of testes showed that a certain concentration of 1α,25(OH)2VD3-glycosides had a positive and significant effect on testicular development. And the results of proteomics analysis showed that of the identified 132,715 peptides, 122,755 were unique peptides. 7852 proteins, of which 6573 proteins contain quantitative information. Screening for DAPs focused on proteins closely related to the regulation of testicular development such as steroid hormone synthesis, steroid biosynthesis, peroxisome and fatty acid metabolism pathways. These results indicated that 1α,25(OH)2VD3is involved in the regulation of early testicular development in piglets. At the same time, these findings provide valuable information for the proteins involved in the regulation of testicular development, and help to better understand the mechanisms of 1α,25(OH)2VD3in regulating the development of piglets’ testes.
Trends﻿ in the prevalence of adult overweight and obesity in Australia, and its association with geographic remoteness
Authors: Keramat Syed Afroz , Alam Khorshed , Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled , Gow Jeff , Biddle Stuart J. H. , Hashmi Rubayyat 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing globally and has become a significant public health concern in Australia in the two past decades. This study explores the most recent national prevalence and trends of adult overweight and obesity in Australia. It will also investigate geographic remoteness as a potential risk factor for an individual being overweight or obese in adulthood. A retrospective longitudinal study that utilised 14 successive waves (wave 6 through 19) of a nationally representative linked individual-level survey. Data was obtained from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. The data on 199,675 observations from 26,713 individuals aged ≥ 15 years over the period 2006 to 2019 was analysed. Random-effects logit model was employed to estimate the association between geographic remoteness and the risk of excessive weight gain. The results reveal that the prevalence of overweight, obesity and combined overweight and obesity among Australian adults in 2019 were 34%, 26% and 60%, respectively. The analysis shows that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies by geographic remoteness. Adults from regional city urban (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.16–2.03) and rural areas (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.18–1.47) were more likely to be obese compared with their counterparts from major city urban areas. The results also show that adults living in major city urban areas, regional city urban areas, and regional city rural areas in Australia were 1.53 (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.16–2.03), 1.32 (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.18–1.47), and 1.18 (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.08–1.29) times more likely to be overweight compared with their counterparts from major city urban areas in Australia. Substantial geographic variation in the prevalence of overweight and obesity exists among Australian adults and appears to be increasing. Public health measures should focus on contextual obesogenic factors and behavioural characteristics to curb the rising prevalence of adult obesity.
Stability analysis on dark solitons in quasi-1D Bose–Einstein condensate with three-body interactions
Authors: Zhou Yushan , Meng Hongjuan , Zhang Juan , Li Xiaolin , Ren Xueping , Wan Xiaohuan , Zhou Zhikun , Wang Jing , Fan Xiaobei , Shi Yuren 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe stability properties of dark solitons in quasi-one-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) loaded in a Jacobian elliptic sine potential with three-body interactions are investigated theoretically. The solitons are obtained by the Newton-Conjugate Gradient method. A stationary cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation is derived to describe the profiles of solitons via the multi-scale technique. It is found that the three-body interaction has distinct effect on the stability properties of solitons. Especially, such a nonlinear system supports the so-called dark solitons (kink or bubble), which can be excited not only in the gap, but also in the band. The bubbles are always linearly and dynamically unstable, and they cannot be excited if the three-body interaction is absent. Both stable and unstable kinks, depending on the physical parameters, can be excited in the BEC system.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with increased cerebral blood flow velocity in acute bacterial meningitis
Authors: Giede-Jeppe Antje , Atay Selim , Koehn Julia , Mrochen Anne , Luecking Hannes , Hoelter Philip , Volbers Bastian , Huttner Hagen B. , Hueske Lena , Bobinger Tobias 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM) intracranial vascular alterations are devastating complications which are triggered by neuroinflammation and result in worse clinical outcome. The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) represents a reliable parameter of the inflammatory response. In this study we analyzed the association between NLR and elevated cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) in CABM-patients. This study included all (CABM)-patients admitted to a German tertiary center between 2006 and 2016. Patients’ demographics, in-hospital measures, neuroradiological data and clinical outcome were retrieved from institutional databases. CBFv was assessed by transcranial doppler (TCD). Patients’, radiological and laboratory characteristics were compared between patients with/without elevated CBFv. Multivariate-analysis investigated parameters independently associated with elevated CBFv. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC-)curve analysis was undertaken to identify the best cut-off for NLR to discriminate between increased CBFv. 108 patients with CABM were identified. 27.8% (30/108) showed elevated CBFv. Patients with elevated CBFv and normal CBFv, respectively had a worse clinical status on admission (Glasgow Coma Scale: 12 [9–14] vs. 14 [11–15]; p = 0.005) and required more often intensive care (30/30 [100.0%] vs. 63/78 [80.8%]; p = 0.01).The causative pathogen was S. pneumoniae in 70%. Patients with elevated CBFv developed more often cerebrovascular complications with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) within hospital stay (p = 0.031). A significantly higher admission-NLR was observed in patients with elevated CBFv (median [IQR]: elevated CBFv:24.0 [20.4–30.2] vs. normal CBFv:13.5 [8.4–19.5]; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis, revealed NLR to be significantly associated with increased CBFv (Odds ratio [95%CI] 1.042 [1.003–1.084]; p = 0.036). ROC-analysis identified a NLR of 20.9 as best cut-off value to discriminate between elevated CBFv (AUC = 0.713, p < 0.0001, Youden's Index = 0.441;elevated CBFv: NLR ≥ 20.9 19/30[63.5%] vs. normal CBFv: NLR > 20.9 15/78[19.2%]; p < 0.001). Intracranial vascular complications are common among CABM-patients and are a risk factor for unfavorable outcome at discharge. Elevated NLR is independently associated with high CBFv and may be useful in predicting patients’ prognosis.
Inflammation-related plasma protein levels and association with adiposity measurements in young adults
Authors: Klevebro Susanna , Björkander Sophia , Ekström Sandra , Merid Simon K. , Gruzieva Olena , Mälarstig Anders , Johansson Åsa , Kull Inger , Bergström Anna , Melén Erik 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObesity-related inflammation is associated with cardiovascular, metabolic, and pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study was to demonstrate associations between adiposity measurements and levels of inflammation-related plasma proteins in a population of young adults. Subjects from a population-based birth cohort with a mean age of 22.5 years were included in the study population (n = 2074). Protein levels were analyzed using the Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel. Percentage body fat (%BF) and visceral fat rating (VFR) measurements were collected using Tanita MC 780 body composition monitor. Linear regression of standardized values was used to investigate associations. Potential effect modifications by sex and BMI category were assessed. Of 71 investigated proteins, 54 were significantly associated with all adiposity measurements [%BF, body mass index (BMI), VFR and waist circumference]. Among proteins associated with %BF, seven showed a larger or unique association in overweight/obese subjects and three showed a significant effect modification by sex. Fourteen proteins more strongly associated with VFR in females compared to males. Adipose-associated systemic inflammation was observed in this young adult population. Sex and adiposity localization influenced some of the associations. Our results highlight specific proteins as suitable biomarkers related to adiposity.