bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous distribution of mature olfactory sensory neurons in human olfactory epithelium
Authors: Omura Kazuhiro , Han Bing , Nishijima Hironobu , Aoki Satoshi , Ebihara Teru , Kondo Kenji , Otori Nobuyoshi , Kojima Hiromi , Yamasoba Tatsuya , Kikuta Shu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe olfactory cleft (OC) comprising the olfactory epithelium (OE) is the most important anatomical location for olfactory function. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is used to treat diseases related to the OC and improve olfactory dysfunction. However, iatrogenic OE injury occasionally occurs. Comprehensive knowledge of the olfactory region is required to avoid damage to the OE during endoscopic procedures.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was performed on olfactory mucosa obtained from the unaffected side of olfactory neuroblastoma surgical specimens. The OE was defined as the epithelium containing mature olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). The distribution and cell kinetics of the OE were examined.ResultsThe OE was selectively localized to the anterior two‐thirds of the superior turbinate (ST) and in the nasal septum (NS) just opposite to the ST; the OE was not detected within the mucosa of the superior meatus. The density of mature OSNs was high at the ethmoid tegmen but gradually decreased with distance from the ethmoid tegmen. The extent of cell death and proliferation was relatively even across the OE. Analysis of airflow profiles revealed that resection of inferior ST does not decrease airflow to the OC.ConclusionThe results indicate that the distribution and degree of differentiation of mature OSNs are heterogenous throughout the OE. Epithelial resection of the anterior or superior ST has the potential to damage olfactory function. Resection of the inferior or posterior ST or widening of the superior meatus is a safer alternative that does not damage mature OSNs or alter airflow to the OC.
Effect of oil unsaturation and wax composition on stability, properties and food applicability of oleogels
Authors: Holey Snehal Ashokrao , Sekhar Kanaparedu P. C. , Mishra Shalini Sanjay , Kanjilal Sanjit , Nayak Rati Ranjan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOleogelation is emerging as one of the most exigent oil structuring technique. The main objective of this study was to formulate and characterize rice bran/sunflower wax‐based oleogels using eight refined food grade oils such as sunflower oil, mustard oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, groundnut oil, rice bran oil, palm oil, and coconut oil. Stability and properties of these oleogels with respect to oil unsaturation and wax composition were explored. Sunflower wax exhibited excellent gelation ability even at 1%–1.5% (w/v) concentration compared to rice bran wax (8%–10% w/v). As the oleogelator concentration increased, peak melting temperature also increased with increase in strength of oleogels as per rheological studies. X‐ray diffraction and morphological studies revealed that oleogel microstructure has major influence of wax composition only. Sunflower wax oleogels unveiled rapid crystal formation with maximum oil binding capacity of 99.46% in highly unsaturated sunflower oil with maximum polyunsaturated fatty acid content. Further, the applicability of this wax based oleogels as solid fat substitute in marketed butter products was also scrutinized. The lowest value of solid fat content (SFC) in oleogel was 0.20% at 25°C, resembling closely with the marketed butter products. With increase in oil unsaturation, oleogels displayed remarkable reduction in SFC. Depending upon prerequisite, oleogel properties can be modulated by tuning wax type and oil unsaturation. In conclusion, this wax‐based oleogel can be used as solid fat substitute in food products with extensive applications in other fields too.
Current and potential use of fresh frozen cadaver in surgical training and anatomical education
Authors: Song Yong Keun , Jo Dong Hyun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs surgical procedures continue to be more complex, the need for more effective training in anatomy has increased. The study of anatomy plays a significant role in the understanding of the human body as well as in basic and advanced clinical training. Among the different cadaver models, fresh frozen cadavers (FFCs) are known for their realistic tissue quality. The purpose of this article was to review and summarize the preparation procedures for and reported cases involving FFCs. PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies. The preparation procedures were divided into five steps: washing, irrigation, freezing, defrosting, and arterial infusion. Not all steps were reported to be mandatory, but omitting one or more could result in a loss of quality. FFCs were reported to be used for various purposes: undergraduate education, general surgery training, vascular surgery training, minimal access surgery (laparoscopic surgery) training, and microsurgery training. In all categories, expert opinions and statistical analyses indicated successful outcomes. The reasons for high satisfaction with FFCs included realistic texture, capability of reenacting actual operations, and accuracy of anatomical locations. The results also revealed the importance and advantages of the dissection courses in surgical training. Since the direct comparison between cadaver models is insufficient, future studies regarding this topic are deemed necessary. In addition, it would be advantageous to develop methods to improve FFC quality, or ideas to optimize this model for certain purposes.
Building Information Modeling – zur Attribuierung des Fachmodells Baugrund
Authors: Beck Johannes , Henke Sascha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMit dem Stufenplan des BMVI wurde bei öffentlichen Infrastrukturprojekten der Einsatz von Building Information Modeling (BIM) ab 2020 verpflichtend, obgleich diese Forderung in der Praxis noch nicht vollumfänglich erfüllt wird. Der Sachverständige für Geotechnik erstellt im BIM‐basierten Planungsprozess das Fachmodell Baugrund. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Aufbau des Fachmodells Baugrund aus Submodellen und deren Inhalt. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Darstellung der relevanten Schritte zur Findung einer zielführenden und BIM‐konformen Attribuierung unter Berücksichtigung der Besonderheiten des Fachmodells. Hierfür werden dessen Lebenszyklus und die Besonderheiten gegenüber anderen Fachmodellen beleuchtet. Ein Vorschlag zum Umgang mit der Boden‐Bauwerks‐Interaktion im BIM‐gestützten Planungsprozess wird unterbreitet. Abschließend werden die Notwendigkeit von Attributkatalogen diskutiert und Ideen zu ihrer Ausgestaltung vorgestellt.
A ribonucleoprotein‐based decaplex CRISPR/Cas9 knockout strategy for CHO host engineering
Authors: Carver Joseph , Kern Marie , Ko Peggy , Greenwood‐Goodwin Midori , Yu X. Christopher , Duan Dana , Tang Danming , Misaghi Shahram , Auslaender Simon , Haley Ben , Yuk Inn H. , Shen Amy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell engineering based on CRISPR/Cas9 knockout (KO) technology requires the delivery of guide RNA (gRNA) and Cas9 enzyme for efficient gene targeting. With an ever‐increasing list of promising gene targets, developing, and optimizing a multiplex gene KO protocol is crucial for rapid CHO cell engineering. Here, we describe a method that can support efficient targeting and KO of up to 10 genes through sequential transfections. This method utilizes Cas9 protein to first screen multiple synthetic gRNAs per gene, followed by Sanger sequencing indel analysis, to identify effective gRNA sequences. Using sequential transfections of these potent gRNAs led to the isolation of single cell clones with the targeted deletion of all 10 genes (as confirmed by Sanger sequencing at the DNA level and mass spectrometry at the protein level). Screening 704 single cell clones yielded 6 clones in which all 10 genes were deleted through sequential transfections, demonstrating the success of this decaplex gene editing strategy. This pragmatic approach substantially reduces the time and effort required to generate multiple gene knockouts in CHO cells.
The importance of anatomical localization of non‐small cell lung carcinoma in predicting mediastinal lymph node metastasis
Authors: Kucuker Merve , Kucuker Kadir Alper , Guney Isa Burak , Durgun Behice 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBronchopulmonary segmental location of non‐small lung carcinomas is closely related to metastatic lymph node foci in the mediastinum. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between the anatomical locations of pulmonary masses on the bronchopulmonary segmental base and metastatic lymph node regions in non‐small cell lung cancer using preoperative 18F‐FDG PET/CT images. Ninety patients newly diagnosed with non‐small cell lung carcinoma and referred to PET/CT imaging for staging were included in the study. Tumoral masses that could be evaluated visually and mediastinal node metastases were identified in 18F‐FDG PET/CT images, then the relationship between them was investigated statistically. The diagnostic power of 18F‐FDG PET/CT of mediastinal nodes was also revealed. Seventy‐four males (82.2%) and sixteen females (17.8%) were enrolled in the study. Half of the patients were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma (50%). Investigation of the tumor location and mediastinal metastatic nodes revealed a statistically significant relationship between the apicoposterior segment of the left superior lobe and the left upper and lower paratracheal, subaortic, paraaortic, and left hilar regions according to the IASLC map. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 18F‐FDG PET/CT in the mediastinal nodes were 69.2%, 66.6%, and 68%, respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between tumor location and 8th TNM Stage. Anatomical locations of non‐small cell lung carcinomas can affect the disease stage and prognosis because of their tendency to metastasize to some mediastinal regions. However, this relationship needs to be investigated in larger study groups.
A Superhydrophobic Hydrogel for Self‐Healing and Robust Strain Sensor with Liquid Impalement Resistance
Authors: Wang Peng , Chen Tao , Zhang Xuesong , Duan Wei , Zhang Chongyuan , Han Huilong , Xie Qing 
Published: September 2021

Main observation and conclusionThe superhydrophobic strain sensor is a fantastic direction, which could protect the strain sensor in harsh environment. Nevertheless, the self‐healing superhydrophobic strain sensor has not been reported. In this research, we developed a superhydrophobic strain sensor, which demonstrated excellent self‐healing, mechanical robustness, and liquid impalement resistance simultaneously. The key innovation is to partially embed hydrophobic graphene and carbon nanotubes into the hydrogel matrix. The hodrogel substrate endows the sample with self‐healing property. The graphene, carbon nanotubes and hydrogel together lead to an accurate and real‐time monitoring of human motion. Furthermore, the prepared sample demonstrated super‐robust superhydrophobicity, which retained superhydrophobicity after many kinds of damage (such as 1000% stretch, 10000 stretching‐releasing cycles, hand‐rub, tape‐peeling, and high‐speed drop/jet impact).
Validity, reliability, and responsiveness of daily monitoring visual analog scales in MASK‐air®
Authors: Sousa‐Pinto Bernardo , Eklund Patrik , Pfaar Oliver , Klimek Ludger , Zuberbier Torsten , Czarlewski Wienczyslawa , Bédard Annabelle , Bindslev‐Jensen Carsten , Bedbrook Anna , Bosnic‐Anticevich Sinthia , Brussino Luisa , Cardona Victoria , Cruz Alvaro A. , de Vries Govert , Devillier Philippe , Fokkens Wytske J. , Fuentes‐Pérez José Miguel , Gemicioğlu Bilun , Haahtela Tari , Huerta‐Villalobos Yunen Rocío , Ivancevich Juan Carlos , Kull Inger , Kuna Piotr , Kvedariene Violeta , Larenas Linnemann Désirée E. , Laune Daniel , Makris Michael , Melén Erik , Morais‐Almeida Mário , Mösges Ralph , Mullol Joaquim , O'Hehir Robyn E. , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Pereira Ana Margarida , Prokopakis Emmanuel P. , Psarros Fotis , Regateiro Frederico S. , Reitsma Sietze , Samolinski Boleslaw , Scichilone Nicola , da Silva Jane , Stellato Cristiana , Todo‐Bom Ana , Tomazic Peter Valentin , Salmi Sanna Toppila , Valero Antonio , Valiulis Arunas , Valovirta Erkka , van Eerd Michiel , Ventura Maria Teresa , Yorgancioglu Arzu , Basagaña Xavier , Antó Josep M. , Bousquet Jean , Fonseca João Almeida 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMASK‐air® is an app that supports allergic rhinitis patients in disease control. Users register daily allergy symptoms and their impact on activities using visual analog scales (VASs). We aimed to assess the concurrent validity, reliability, and responsiveness of these daily VASs.MethodsDaily monitoring VAS data were assessed in MASK‐air® users with allergic rhinitis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating daily VAS values with those of the EuroQol‐5 Dimensions (EQ‐5D) VAS, the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT) score, and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Allergic Specific (WPAI‐AS) Questionnaire (work and activity impairment scores). Intra‐rater reliability was assessed in users providing multiple daily VASs within the same day. Test–retest reliability was tested in clinically stable users, as defined by the EQ‐5D VAS, CARAT, or “VAS Work” (i.e., VAS assessing the impact of allergy on work). Responsiveness was determined in users with two consecutive measurements of EQ‐5D‐VAS or “VAS Work” indicating clinical change.ResultsA total of 17,780 MASK‐air® users, with 317,176 VAS days, were assessed. Concurrent validity was moderate–high (Spearman correlation coefficient range: 0.437–0.716). Intra‐rater reliability intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranged between 0.870 (VAS assessing global allergy symptoms) and 0.937 (VAS assessing allergy symptoms on sleep). Test–retest reliability ICCs ranged between 0.604 and 0.878—“VAS Work” and “VAS asthma” presented the highest ICCs. Moderate/large responsiveness effect sizes were observed—the sleep VAS was associated with lower responsiveness, while the global allergy symptoms VAS demonstrated higher responsiveness.ConclusionIn MASK‐air®, daily monitoring VASs have high intra‐rater reliability and moderate–high validity, reliability, and responsiveness, pointing to a reliable measure of symptom loads.
Serum retinol‐binding protein 4 levels and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A nested case‐control study in Chinese women and an updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Ping , Wang Yi , Ye Yi , Yang Xue , Lu Qi , Liu Yan , Zeng Huayan , Song Xingyue , Yan Shijiao , Wen Ying , Qi Xiaorong , Yang Chun‐Xia , Liu Gang , Lv Chuanzhu , Pan Xiong‐Fei , Pan An 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimsWe prospectively evaluated the association of circulating retinol‐binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels in early pregnancy and risk of incident gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women.MethodsA nested case‐control study was conducted among 332 women who developed GDM and 664 matched controls based on the Tongji‐Shuangliu Birth Cohort. GDM was diagnosed during 24–28 weeks of gestation according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group criteria. Serum RBP4 levels in early pregnancy (6–15 weeks of gestation) were determined by ELISA assay. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to analyse the association and generated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). EMBASE and PubMed were searched up to 30 November 2020 to identify studies investigating the association between blood RBP4 levels in early pregnancy and incident GDM.ResultsIn the multivariable model with adjustment of potential risk factors, the OR comparing the extreme quartiles of serum RBP4 levels was 2.26 (95% CI: 1.34, 3.81; p for trend <0.001), and each standard deviation (SD) increment of RBP4 was associated with 1.39‐fold (95% CI: 1.15, 1.69) higher risk of GDM. The results were confirmed in a meta‐analysis that included additional four studies with an overall OR of 1.47 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.83) per 1‐SD increment of RBP4.ConclusionsSerum RBP4 levels in early pregnancy, independent of metabolic risk factors, are positively associated with the risk of GDM in pregnant women. Our findings may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the aetiology of GDM.
Reciprocal interactions between transforming growth factor beta signaling and collagens: Insights from Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Goodman Miriam B. , Savage‐Dunn Cathy 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStudies in genetically tractable organisms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have led to pioneering insights into conserved developmental regulatory mechanisms. For example, Smad signal transducers for the transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) superfamily were first identified in C. elegans and in the fruit fly Drosophila. Recent studies of TGF‐β signaling and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in C. elegans have forged unexpected links between signaling and the ECM, yielding novel insights into the reciprocal interactions that occur across tissues and spatial scales, and potentially providing new opportunities for the study of biomechanical regulation of gene expression.
The Effects of Omega‐3 Supplementation on Serum Oxidative Stress Parameters in Experimental Periodontitis in an Animal Model
Authors: Doğan Burak , Kemer Doğan Esra Sinem 
Published: September 2021

AbstractExperimental studies suggest that omega‐3 may be beneficial at preventing alveolar bone loss (ABL) by modulating host immune response. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of omega‐3 supplementation on ABL and serum oxidative biomarkers in a ligature‐induced periodontitis model. Twenty‐four Wistar albino rats are divided into 3 groups: control (C, n = 8); ligature‐induced periodontitis (L, n = 8); and omega‐3 plus ligature‐induced periodontitis (O+L, n = 8). All rats are fed with ad libitum diet, and O+L group is additionally supplemented with omega‐3 fish oil by oral gavage for 44 days. Experimental periodontitis is induced by placement of ligatures around the maxillary second molars of rats in L and O+L groups. ABL is measured histomorphometrically and serum 8‐hydroxy‐2'‐deoxyguanosine, total antioxidant capacity, and total oxidant status (TOS) are analyzed. ABL is higher in L and O+L groups than the C group. Omega‐3 supplementation is significantly reduced ABL in group O+L, compared to L group. Furthermore, TOS levels are lower in O+L group than L group. It is suggested that omega‐3 administration may reduce ABL and serum TOS levels, which supports the antioxidant role of omega‐3 on periodontal disease pathogenesis.Practical applications: Adjunctive use of omega‐3 supplementation in periodontitis seems beneficial, although biochemical mechanisms underlying the conflicting results have not been completely understood. On the other hand, oxidative stress has been used as an appropriate target for host modulation therapies in periodontal disease. Omega‐3 supplementation in ligature‐induced periodontitis in an animal model successfully reduces alveolar bone loss by modulating serum total oxidant status, which may provide a novel pathway in periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Porous polyimide separator promotes uniform lithium plating for lithium‐free cells
Authors: Pai Jui‐Yu , Ku Hao‐Yu , Lin Chun‐Cheng , Chiang Chien‐Wei , Hardwick Laurence J. , Hu Chi‐Chang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectrospun polyimide (PI) separators were found to reduce the charge‐transfer resistance of Li plating/stripping and the overpotentials of Li nucleation/growth onto Cu foils in the 1.2 M LiPF6/(ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate = 1/1) electrolyte without any additives in comparison with polyethylene (PE) separators. Lithium deposition through the PI separator led to the formation of a granular morphology of 15–30 µm in diameter compared to lithium dendrites using PE. A similar trend of lithium deposition was observed in LiFePO4//Cu cells. The PI separator was found to enhance the discharge capacity and cycle life of Li plating/stripping in the Li//Cu and LiFePO4//Cu cells containing 40 µl electrolytes, verifying that the PI separator provides dendrite inhibition capability for the lithium‐metal‐free cells.
An investigation on corrosion properties of bright Zn‐Ni alloy coated mild steel
Authors: Kavirajwar Jyoti S. , Basavanna S. , Devendra Bharath K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the present work, the electrodeposition of Zn–Ni alloy from Sulfate bath was carried out in presence of a novel brightener (CG), the condensation product of Cysteine Hydrochloride and Glutaraldehyde. The corrosion studies were carried out using Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy and Potentiostatic techniques. They confirmed an increase in corrosion resistance and protection ability of bright zinc–nickel alloy coatings. Surface morphology was studied using SEM, FTIR, and reflectance spectroscopy that revealed fine‐grained nature of Zn‐Ni alloy crystallites. X‐ray diffraction studies were used for phase identification and preferred orientation of Zn–Ni alloy crystallites. The preferred orientation of the Zn‐Ni alloy crystallites along (630) planes was configured for bright appearance of the coating. CG was successful in giving an even, homogeneous, refined, and bright Zn‐Ni alloy deposit.
A preliminary electrochemical study of crosslinked albumin and collagen membranes as diffusion barriers for potentially degradable chronic wound biosensors
Authors: Raja Mohammad , Lopes Ilanna Campelo , Vadgama Pankaj 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe biochemical monitoring of chronic wounds may help to tailor therapy with better clinical outcomes. Wound surface sensors would be appropriate for this, but their adhesion to the wound is likely to lead to tissue damage on retrieval. Degradable sensors offer a practical solution to this, but this would necessitate external degradable diffusion control membranes. In this study, we evaluated glutaraldehyde crosslinked albumen and collagen as potentially biodegradable barrier membranes. The diffusional transport of H2O2, ascorbate, and glucose was studied electrochemically. Albumin proved more selective for H2O2 against ascorbate, possibly due to its net negative charge. The thick (500–700 μm) membranes produced led to long response times (half‐life [t0.5], 500–700 s) but had the advantage of stabilizing the response in unstirred solution. This was possibly because the thicker membrane on the electrode surface moved the developing diffusion layer in solution further away from the electrode surface. A dense albumin layer was produced using sebacoyl chloride as a crosslinker which was impermeable to solute and could be used in future as a degradable sensor base. Also, non‐toxic poly(2,3‐dihydrothieno‐1,4‐dioxin)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) dispersed in crosslinked albumin furnished a conducting membrane able to function as a working electrode. Thus, crosslinked proteins offer scope for diverse membrane properties that might be useful for future, degradable wound monitoring sensors.