bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CARING FUTURES: a study protocol for transdisciplinary qualitative research on technology-mediated care practices and theory development for ethics of care
Authors: Ramvi Ellen , Gripsrud Birgitta Haga , Hellstrand Ingvil , Gjerstad Brita , Vagli Åse Elisabeth 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionThe world’s population is ageing. As older persons live longer and increase in number, society faces a greater disease burden and, in public welfare, a corresponding resource deficit. New technology is one solution to this deficit but there is scarce knowledge about ethical aspects of such innovations in care practices. In CARING FUTURES, we address this scarcity by interrogating how new technology in care can become ethically sound and, correspondingly, how ethics of care can become more technology aware. Our concern is to protect quality care for the future.Methods and analysisCARING FUTURES advances transdisciplinarity through knowledge exchange around technology-mediated care and ethics of care, involving key stakeholders. We rely on established and innovative methods to generate experience-near and practice-near knowledge. Through this empirical research, we seek to expand understanding of technology-mediated care and to enrich ethics of care theory.Ethics and disseminationEmpirical studies have been approved or await approval by national ethics committees. CARING FUTURES is designed to create societal impact throughKnowledge Transfer Eventstargeting stakeholders in health, care and welfare, andEducational Packagesfor students of care—providing knowledge-exchange forums for future academics and practitioners of care. The project’s societal impact is also ensured in that participating researchers are also practitioners and/or educators of care personnel for the future. Project findings will be disseminated through scientific publications and conference presentations. Through communication in both traditional and digital media platforms, we engage in dialogues between researchers, user groups, policy makers and the wider public.
Living with heritable retinoblastoma and the perceived role of regular follow-up at a retinoblastoma survivorship clinic: ‘That is exactly what I have been missing’
Authors: Gregersen Pernille Axel , Funding Mikkel , Alsner Jan , Olsen Maja H , Overgaard Jens , Urbak Steen F , Staffieri Sandra E , Lou Stina 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo explore living with heritable retinoblastoma, specifically survivors’ perceived role of regular follow-up at a retinoblastoma survivorship clinic.Methods and analysisAdult survivors of heritable retinoblastoma were recruited from the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital. Ten survivors participated in individual explorative, semistructured interviews. Thematic data analysis was conducted.ResultsFive key themes relating to vision, social life, family, second cancer risk and the healthcare system were identified. Subthemes relating to the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic included the retinoblastoma coordinator, cancer risk, psychosocial support and genetic knowledge. The retinoblastoma-related physical and psychosocial issues influenced survivors’ everyday living; however, the opportunity to live a normal life varied considerably, with the majority experiencing no major limitations. The need for specialised management and a coordinator was emphasised to be the main value of the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic.ConclusionDespite reporting an overall normal life and no major limitations in daily living activities, our data confirm that heritable retinoblastoma impacts several aspects of daily living. Uniquely, this study demonstrates that the main value of the Retinoblastoma Survivorship Clinic was a specialised contact person and coordinator in the healthcare system, providing continuous and necessary management and guidance after retinoblastoma treatment, and for all aspects of health related to heritable retinoblastoma. The needs of heritable retinoblastoma survivors are complex and extensive, and the specific role of the healthcare system to support survivorship should be prioritised, specialised and multidisciplinary.
Mass production methods for mass vaccination: improving flow and operational performance in a COVID-19 mass vaccination centre using Lean
Authors: Smith Iain M , Smith David T L 
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has infected tens of millions of people worldwide causing many deaths. Healthcare systems have been stretched caring for the most seriously ill and lockdown measures to interrupt COVID-19 transmission have had adverse economic and societal impacts. Large-scale population vaccination is seen as the solution.In the UK, a network of sites to deploy vaccines comprised National Health Service hospitals, primary care and new mass vaccination centres. Due to the pace at which mass vaccination centres were established and the scale of vaccine deployment, some sites experienced problems with queues and waiting times. To address this, one site used the Lean systematic improvement approach to make rapid operational improvements to reduce process times and improve flow.The case example identifies obstacles to flow experienced by a mass vaccination centre and how they were addressed using Lean concepts and techniques. Process cycle times were used as a proxy metric for efficiency and flow. Based on daily demand volume and open hours, takt time was calculated to give a process completion rate to achieve flow through the vaccination centre.The mass vaccination centre achieved its aim of reducing process times and improving flow. Administrative and clinical cycle times were reduced sufficiently to increase throughput and the number of queues and queueing time were reduced improving client experience.The design and operational management of vaccination centre processes contribute to client experience, efficiency and throughput. Lean provides a systematic approach that can improve operational processes and facilitate client flow through mass vaccination centres.
Update on the current opinion, status and future development of digital pathology in Switzerland in light of COVID-19
Authors: Koelzer Viktor Hendrik , Grobholz Rainer , Zlobec Inti , Janowczyk Andrew 
Published: September 2021

AimsThe transition from analogue to digital pathology (DP) in Switzerland has coincided with the COVID-19 crisis. The Swiss Digital Pathology Consortium conducted a national survey to assess the experience of pathologists in dealing with the challenges of the pandemic and how this has influenced the outlook and adoption of DP.MethodsA survey containing 20 questions relating to DP, personal experiences and challenges during the pandemic was addressed to Swiss pathologists at different experience stages in private practice, community and university hospitals.ResultsAll 74 respondents were pathologists, with 81.1% reporting more than 5 years of diagnostic service experience. 32.5% reported having read 100 digital slides or more in a diagnostic context. 39.2% reported using whole slide imaging systems at their primary workplace. Key DP use cases before the COVID-19 lockdown were tumour boards (39.2%), education (60.8%) and research (44.6%), with DP used for primary diagnosis in 13.5%. During the COVID-19 crisis, the use of DP for primary diagnostics more than doubled (30% vs 13.5%), with internal consults as important drivers (22.5% vs 16.5%), while research use (25% vs 44.6%) and external consults (17.5% vs 41.9%) strongly decreased. Key challenges identified included a lack of established standard operating procedures and availability of specialised hardware and software.ConclusionsThis survey indicates that the crisis acted as a catalyst in promoting DP adoption in centres where basic workflows were already established while posing major technical and organisational challenges in institutions that were at an early stage of DP implementation.
Bispecific binder redirected lentiviral vector enables in vivo engineering of CAR-T cells
Authors: Huckaby Justin T , Landoni Elisa , Jacobs Timothy M , Savoldo Barbara , Dotti Gianpietro , Lai Samuel K 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown considerable promise as a personalized cellular immunotherapy against B cell malignancies. However, the complex and lengthy manufacturing processes involved in generating CAR T cell products ex vivo result in substantial production time delays and high costs. Furthermore, ex vivo expansion of T cells promotes cell differentiation that reduces their in vivo replicative capacity and longevity.MethodsHere, to overcome these limitations, CAR-T cells are engineered directly in vivo by administering a lentivirus expressing a mutant Sindbis envelope, coupled with a bispecific antibody binder that redirects the virus to CD3+ human T cells.ResultsThis redirected lentiviral system offers exceptional specificity and efficiency; a single dose of the virus delivered to immunodeficient mice engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells generates CD19-specific CAR-T cells that markedly control the growth of an aggressive pre-established xenograft B cell tumor.ConclusionsThese findings underscore in vivo engineering of CAR-T cells as a promising approach for personalized cancer immunotherapy.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2CC due toNEFHvariants causes a progressive, non-length-dependent, motor-predominant phenotype
Authors: Pipis Menelaos , Cortese Andrea , Polke James M , Poh Roy , Vandrovcova Jana , Laura Matilde , Skorupinska Mariola , Jacquier Arnaud , Juntas-Morales Raul , Latour Philippe , Petiot Philippe , Sole Guilhem , Fromes Yves , Shah Sachit , Blake Julian , Choi Byung-Ok , Chung Ki Wha , Stojkovic Tanya , Rossor Alexander M , Reilly Mary M 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveNeurofilaments are the major scaffolding proteins for the neuronal cytoskeleton, and variants inNEFHhave recently been described to cause axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2CC (CMT2CC).MethodsIn this large observational study, we present phenotype–genotype correlations on 30 affected and 3 asymptomatic mutation carriers from eight families.ResultsThe majority of patients presented in adulthood with motor-predominant and lower limb-predominant symptoms and the average age of onset was 31.0±15.1 years. A prominent feature was the development of proximal weakness early in the course of the disease. The disease progressed rapidly, unlike other Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) subtypes, and half of the patients (53%) needed to use a wheelchair on average 24.1 years after symptom onset. Furthermore, 40% of patients had evidence of early ankle plantarflexion weakness, a feature which is observed in only a handful of CMT subtypes. Neurophysiological studies and MRI of the lower limbs confirmed the presence of a non-length-dependent neuropathy in the majority of patients.All families harboured heterozygous frameshift variants in the last exon ofNEFH, resulting in a reading frameshift to an alternate open reading frame and the translation of approximately 42 additional amino acids from the 3' untranslated region (3′-UTR).ConclusionsThis phenotype–genotype study highlights the unusual phenotype of CMT2CC, which is more akin to spinal muscular atrophy rather than classic CMT. Furthermore, the study will enable more informative discussions on the natural history of the disease and will aid inNEFHvariant interpretation in the context of the disease’s unique molecular genetics.
De novo mutations in SOD1 are a cause of ALS
Authors: Müller Kathrin , Oh Ki-Wook , Nordin Angelica , Panthi Sudhan , Kim Seung Hyun , Nordin Frida , Freischmidt Axel , Ludolph Albert C , Ki Chang Seok , Forsberg Karin , Weishaupt Jochen , Kim Young-Eun , Andersen Peter Munch 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveThe only identified cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are mutations in a number of genes found in familial cases but also in sporadic cases. De novo mutations occurring in a parental gonadal cell, in the zygote or postzygotic during embryonal development can result in an apparently sporadic/isolated case of ALS later in life. We searched for de novo mutations in SOD1 as a cause of ALS.MethodsWe analysed peripheral-blood exome, genome and Sanger sequencing to identify deleterious mutations in SOD1 in 4000 ALS patients from Germany, South Korea and Sweden. Parental kinship was confirmed using highly polymorphic microsatellite markers across the genome. Medical genealogical and clinical data were reviewed and compared with the literature.ResultsWe identified four sporadic ALS cases with de novo mutations in SOD1. They aggregate in hot-spot codons earlier found mutated in familial cases. Their phenotypes match closely what has earlier been reported in familial cases with pathogenic mutations in SOD1. We also encountered familial cases where de novo mutational events in recent generations may have been involved.ConclusionsDe novo mutations are a cause of sporadic ALS and may also be underpinning smaller families with few affected ALS cases. It was not possible to ascertain if the origin of the de novo mutations was parental germline, zygotic or postzygotic during embryonal development. All ALS patients should be offered genetic counselling and genetic screening, the challenges of variant interpretation do not outweigh the potential benefits including earlier confirmed diagnosis and possible bespoken therapy.
Long-term outcomes after treatment of in-stent restenosis using the Absorb everolimus-eluting bioresorbable scaffold
Authors: Madanchi Mehdi , Cioffi Giacomo Maria , Attinger-Toller Adrian , Wolfrum Mathias , Moccetti Federico , Seiler Thomas , Vercelli Luca , Burkart Philipp , Toggweiler Stefan , Kobza Richard , Bossard Matthias , Cuculi Florim 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundEarly studies evaluating the performance of bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) Absorb in in-stent restenosis (ISR) lesions indicated promising short-term to mid-term outcomes.AimsTo evaluate long-term outcomes (up to 5 years) of patients with ISR treated with the Absorb BRS.MethodsWe did an observational analysis of long-term outcomes of patients treated for ISR using the Absorb BRS (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, California, USA) between 2013 and 2016 at the Heart Centre Luzern. The main outcomes included a device-oriented composite endpoint (DOCE), defined as composite of cardiac death, target vessel (TV) myocardial infarction and TV revascularisation, target lesion revascularisation and scaffold thrombosis (ScT).ResultsOverall, 118 ISR lesions were treated using totally 131 BRS among 89 patients and 31 (35%) presented with an acute coronary syndrome. The median follow-up time was 66.3 (IQR 52.3–77) months. A DOCE had occurred in 17% at 1 year, 27% at 2 years and 40% at 5 years of all patients treated for ISR using Absorb. ScTs were observed in six (8.4%) of the cohort at 5 years.ConclusionsTreatment of ISR using the everolimus-eluting BRS Absorb resulted in high rates of DOCE at 5 years. Interestingly, while event rates were low in the first year, there was a massive increase of DOCE between 1 and 5 years after scaffold implantation. With respect to its complexity, involving also a more unpredictable vascular healing process, current and future BRS should be used very restrictively for the treatment of ISR.
Analysis of persistent macroaggregates on the surface of agricultural soils
Authors: Tian Tian , Whalen Joann K. , Dutilleul Pierre 
Published: September 2021

In humid regions, the number of macroaggregates on the soil surface could decline because of rainfall disturbance, or increase due to rainfall-activated chemical and biological stabilization. We took digital images of macroaggregates at the surface of clay and organic soils six times during a 68 d period with 264 mm natural rainfall. Based on the constant or increasing number of surface macroaggregates during the five time intervals, rainfall did not disturb macroaggregates. Macroaggregate persistence was positively correlated with cumulative rainfall (both soils) and soil moisture (organic soil), so we infer that rainfall promoted macroaggregate assemblage through chemical and biological processes.
WNT as a Driver and Dependency in Cancer
Authors: Parsons Marie J. , Tammela Tuomas , Dow Lukas E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe WNT signaling pathway is a critical regulator of development and adult tissue homeostasis and becomes dysregulated in many cancer types. Although hyperactivation of WNT signaling is common, the type and frequency of genetic WNT pathway alterations can vary dramatically between different cancers, highlighting possible cancer-specific mechanisms for WNT-driven disease. In this review, we discuss how WNT pathway disruption contributes to tumorigenesis in different organs and how WNT affects the tumor cell and immune microenvironment. Finally, we describe recent and ongoing efforts to target oncogenic WNT signaling as a therapeutic strategy.Significance:WNT signaling is a fundamental regulator of tissue homeostasis and oncogenic driver in many cancer types. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of WNT signaling in cancer, particularly the complexities of WNT activation in distinct cancer types, its role in immune evasion, and the challenge of targeting the WNT pathway as a therapeutic strategy.
Distributed sensing of wind direction using fiber-optic cables
Authors: Freundorfer Anita , Lapo Karl , Schneider Johann , Thomas Christoph K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn the atmospheric boundary layer, phenomena exist with challenging properties such as spatial heterogeneity, particularly during stable weak wind situations. Studying spatially heterogeneous features requires spatially distributed measurements on fine spatial and temporal scales. Fiber-Optic Distributed Sensing (FODS) can provide spatially distributed measurements, simultaneously offering a spatial resolution on the order of decimeters and a temporal resolution on the order of seconds. While FODS has already been deployed to study various variables, FODS wind direction sensing has only been demonstrated in idealized wind tunnel experiments. We present the first distributed observations of FODS wind directions from field data. The wind direction sensing is accomplished by using pairs of actively heated fiber optic cables with cone-shaped microstructures attached to them. Here we present three different methods of calculating wind directions from the FODS measurements, two based on using combined wind speed and direction information and one deriving wind direction independently from FODS wind speed. For each approach, the effective temporal and spatial resolution is quantified using spectral coherence. With each method of calculating wind directions, temporal resolutions on the order of tens of seconds can be achieved. The accuracy of FODS wind directions was evaluated against a sonic anemometer, showing deviations of less than 15° most of the time. The applicability of FODS for wind direction measurements in different environmental conditions is tested by analysing the dependence of FODS wind direction accuracy and observable scales on environmental factors. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of this technique by presenting a period that displays spatial and temporal structures in the wind direction.
The characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine-related headache: Clues gathered from the healthcare personnel in the pandemic
Authors: Ekizoglu Esme , Gezegen Haşim , Yalınay Dikmen Pınar , Orhan Elif Kocasoy , Ertaş Mustafa , Baykan Betül 
Published: September 2021

Introduction Headache is a frequent adverse event after viral vaccines. We aimed to investigate the frequency and clinical associations of COVID-19 vaccine-related headache. Methods The characteristics, associations of this headache, main comorbidities, headache history following the influenza vaccine and during COVID-19 were investigated using a web-based questionnaire. Results A total of 1819 healthcare personnel (mean age: 44.4 ± 13.4 years, 1222 females), vaccinated with inactivated virus, contributed to the survey; 209 (11.4%) had been infected with COVID-19. A total of 556 participants (30.6%) reported headache with significant female dominance (36.1% vs. 19.3%), 1.8 ± 3.5 (median: 1; IQR: 0–2) days following vaccination. One hundred and forty-four participants (25.9%) experienced headache lasting ≥3 days. Headache was mostly bilateral without accompanying phenomena, less severe, and shorter than COVID-19-related headache. The presence of primary headaches and migraine were significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine-related headache (ORs = 2.16 [95% CI 1.74–2.68] and 1.65 [1.24–2.19], respectively). Headache during COVID-19 or following influenza vaccine also showed significant association with headache following COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 4.3 [95% CI 1.82–10.2] and OR = 4.84 [95% CI 2.84–8.23], respectively). Only thyroid diseases showed a significant association (OR = 1.54 [95% CI 1.15–2.08]) with vaccine-related headache among the common comorbidities. Conclusion Headache is observed in 30.6% of the healthcare workers following COVID-19 vaccine and mostly experienced by females with pre-existing primary headaches, thyroid disorders, headache during COVID-19, or headache related to the influenza vaccine.
Impact of assistance on peritonitis due to breach in aseptic procedure in diabetic patients: A cohort study with the RDPLF data
Authors: Béchade Clémence , Lanot Antoine , Guillouët Sonia , Ficheux Maxence , Boyer Annabel , Lobbedez Thierry 
Published: September 2021

Background: Diabetic patients often have physical impairment that could lead to manipulation errors in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and touch contamination. Nurse assistance in diabetic PD patients is known to help prevent peritonitis. We made the hypothesis that this lower risk of peritonitis was observed thanks to prevention of breach in aseptic procedure. We evaluated the impact of nurse-assisted PD on specific causes of peritonitis, especially on peritonitis due to a breach in aseptic procedure. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of the data from the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Registry. All diabetic patients older than age 18 years starting PD in France between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2015 were included in the study. The event of interest was the first peritonitis event due to a breach in aseptic procedure. Death, kidney transplantation and peritonitis due to another mechanism were considered as competing events. We examined the association of the covariates with all the possible outcomes using a subdistribution hazard model developed for survival analysis in the presence of competing risks. Results: Four thousand one hundred one diabetic patients incident in PD were included in the study. At least one peritonitis event occurred in 1611 patients over the study period. A breach in aseptic procedure was reported in 441/1611 cases (27.3%): 209/575 (36.3%) in the self-care PD group, 56/217 (25.8%) in the family-assisted PD group and 176/819 (21.5%) in the nurse-assisted PD group. Both nurse and family assistance were associated with a lower risk of peritonitis due to breach in aseptic procedure in bivariate analysis. After adjustment on age, modified Charlson index, sex and diabetic nephropathy, patients treated by nurse-assisted PD (subdistribution hazard ratio (sd-HR) 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40–0.67) and those treated by family-assisted PD (sd-HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51–0.95) had a lower likelihood of peritonitis due to a connection error compared to self-care PD in multivariate analysis. The modality of assistance was not associated with other causes of peritonitis in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: While both nurse-assisted PD and family-assisted PD were associated with lower risk of peritonitis due to a breach in aseptic procedure compared to self-care PD in our study, the protective effect was greater with nurse assistance.