bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Political Economy of Priority-Setting for Health in South Sudan: A Case Study of The Health Pooled Fund
Authors: Widdig Heloise , Tromp Noor , Lutwama George William , Jacobs Eelco 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective

In fragile and conflict affected settings (FCAS) such as South Sudan, where health needs are immense, resources are scarce, health infrastructure is rudimentary or damaged, and government stewardship is weak, adequate health intervention priority-setting is especially important. There is a scarcity of research examining priority-setting in FCAS and the related political economy. Yet, capturing these dynamics is important to develop context-specific guidance for priority-setting. The objective of this study is to analyze the priority-setting practices in the Health Pooled Fund (HPF) of South Sudan using a political economy perspective.
Methods

A mixed methods study was conducted combining document review, 30 stakeholder interviews, and a quantitative assessment of service delivery. An adapted version of the Walt and Gilson policy analysis triangle guided the study’s design and analysis.
Results

Priority-setting in the context of HPF takes place throughout program design, implementing partner (IP) contract negotiation, and implementation of the service package. The National Basic Package does not provide adequate guidance because it is too expansive and unrealistic given financial and health system constraints. Furthermore, power asymmetries between actors are pronounced. At the local level, IPs must manage the competing interests of the HPF program and local health authorities as well as challenging contextual factors, including conflict and shortages of skilled health workers, which eventually affect service provision. The resulting priority-setting process remains implicit, scarcely documented, and primarily driven by donors’ interests.
Conclusion

This study highlights power asymmetries between donors and national health authorities within a FCAS context, which drive a priority-setting process that is dominated by donor agendas and leave little room for government ownership. These findings emphasize the importance of paying attention to the influence of stakeholders and their interests on the priority-setting process in FCAS.
Ultrasensitive Dynamic Light Scattering Immunosensing Platform for NT-ProBNP Detection Using Boronate Affinity Amplification
Authors: Hu Jiaqi , Ding Lu , Chen Jing , Fu Jinhua , Zhu Kang , Guo Qian , Huang Xiaolin , Xiong Yonghua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Herein, we reported a new dynamic light scattering (DLS) immunosensing technology for the rapid and sensitive detection of glycoprotein N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). In this design, the boronate affinity recognition based on the interaction of boronic acid ligands and cis-diols was for the first time introduced to amplify the nanoparticle aggregation for enabling highly sensitive DLS transduction, thereby lowering the limit of detection (LOD) of the methodology. After covalently coupling with antibodies, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were employed as the nanoprobes to selectively capture trace amount of NT-proBNP from complex samples and facilitate DLS signal transduction. Meanwhile, silica nanoparticles modified with phenylboronic acid (SiO2@PBA) were designed as the crosslinking agent to bridge the aggregation of MNPs in the presence of target NT-proBNP. Owing to the multivalent and fast affinity recognition between NT-proBNP containing cis-diols and SiO2@PBA, the developed DLS immunosensor exhibited charming advantages over traditional immunoassays, including ultrahigh sensitivity with an LOD of 7.4 fg mL−1, fast response time (< 20 min), and small sample consumption (1 µL). The DLS immunosensor was further characterized with good selectivity, accuracy, precision, reproducibility, and practicability. Collectively, this work demonstrated the promising application of the designed boronate affinity amplified-DLS immunosensor for field or point-of-care testing of cis-diol-containing molecules.
Gaps in neonatal thermal care in low-resource settings: A web-based survey of healthcare workers.
Authors: Kyokan Michiko , Jirapaet Veena , Rosa-Mangeret Flavia , Pisoni Giorgia Brambilla , Pfister Riccardo E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective
To explore the gaps in knowledge and practice in neonatal thermal care among healthcare workers in low-resource settings.
Methods
We conducted a 2-round, web-based survey of a purposive and snowball sample of healthcare workers in neonatal care in low-resource settings globally. The questionnaire was developed using themes of neonatal thermal care extracted from existing neonatal care guidelines, including WHO’s. The survey asked multiple-choice questions, supplemented by open-ended questions to capture first hand insights and information on neonatal thermal care. Results of the survey were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Data was collated and summarized using descriptive measures.
Results
Almost all participants acknowledged the importance of all the WHO warm chain elements, however, fewer participants responded positively regarding the practice of this warm chain. Only 56% of the participants acknowledged the usefulness of checking the peripheral temperature by hand-touch. The usefulness of the core temperature was valued higher than that of the peripheral temperature as an indicator of cold stress, with 70% and 58% agreement, respectively. Opinions diverged regarding the peripheral temperatures, including apparent inaccuracy compared to rectal or axillary temperature. Preferences on rewarming strategies widely differed among participants and so did the availability of warming equipment in their institutions.
Conclusions
We identified the general acknowledgment of the importance of the WHO warm chain but also its limited practice. We also identified that an inadequate understanding of cold stress underestimates the potential benefits of peripheral temperatures and leads to missed opportunities for timely prevention of hypothermia. Furthermore, lack of consistent guidance on equipment for rewarming hypothermic neonates hampers recovery.
Comparison Between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio And Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index As Predictors Of One-Year Survival In Patients With Untreated Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hasan Irsan , Lutfie Lutfie , Rinaldi Ikhwan , Kurniawan Juferdy , Loho Imelda Maria 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally only come for treatment when cancer has reached an advanced stage, with very limited treatment options. There has not been an accurate predictor marker to be able to identify which group of patients may have better survival. This study wanted to analyze the role of the inflammatory status indices as predictors of one-year survival in patients with advanced HCC who did not undergo therapy.
Methods
This study has a retrospective cohort design using secondary data on subjects with advanced HCC who did not undergo therapy at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Dharmais Hospital. The Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were evaluated for their role as predictors of one-year survival based on the Area Under Receiving Operator Curve (AUROC). The best optimal cutoff for NLR and SII was decided based on the Youden index, followed by survival analysis based on those cutoffs. Confounding factors were analyzed with multivariate cox regression analysis.
Results
A total of 196 subjects were included in the data analysis. One-year survival was 6.6%, with a median survival of 56 days (95% CI: 46-67). The NLR had a discriminatory ability based on AUROC of 0.667 (95% CI: 0.536-0.798; p = 0.044), with the optimal cut-off point to differentiate survival was 3.7513. The SII has a discriminatory ability based on AUROC of 0.766 (95% CI: 0.643-0.889; p = 0.001), with the optimal cut-off point to distinguish survival was 954.4782. SII had superiority in discriminatory ability (p = 0.0415).
Conclusions
The discriminatory ability based on AUROC of SII was better than that of NLR in predicting one-year survival in patients with advanced HCC who did not undergo therapy.
External Fixator Safe Removal Supplementally Assessed by Mechanical Test
Authors: Liu Yanshi , Jia Qiyu , Cai Feiyu , Liu Kai , Zhang Tao , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Timing the fixator removal is vital for a successful external fixation treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of axial load-share ratio in vivo as a supplemental decision support tool for the safe removal of an Ilizarov external fixator.Methods: This prospective observational study consists of 83 patients undergoing tibial or femoral lengthening with Ilizarov circular external fixation in our institution, from January 2011 to October 2019. In group Ⅰ (38 patients), the external fixator was removed based on the surgeon’s clinical experience and radiographs from January 2011 to June 2015. In group Ⅱ (45 patients), from July 2015 to October 2019, the supplemental axial load-share (LS) ratio test was accomplished without the knowledge of the clinical results by another medical team. The test was performed by electronically measuring forces in the fixator rods and in a ground force plate. When the LS ratio < 10% was consistent with the conclusion (dense bone formation was achieved in the distraction zone) drawn from the corresponding routine radiographs by the treating surgeon, the external fixator was removed.Results: There was no statistical significance in demographic data between the two groups (P>0.05). In group Ⅰ, 4 of the 38 patients suffered refracture (the refracture rate was 10.5%) after fixator removal, and bone union was finally achieved with further intervention by intramedullary nail. In group Ⅱ, 36 patients terminated the external fixation after the first mechanical test, and another 9 patients terminated the external fixation at the subsequent test. None of the 45 patients in group Ⅱ suffered refracture (the refracture rate was 0%). There was statistical significance in the refracture rate between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusions: Adequate assessment of bone regenerate is crucial before removing an external fixator to prevent deformation or refracture. The axial load-share ratio in vivo is a practically quantitative method to supplement radiography and clinical experience for the assessment of regenerate healing, and the axial load-share ratio dropped below 10% is a safe limit for the Ilizarov external fixator removal.
Amino Acid Sensor GCN2 Promotes SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 Expression in Response to Amino Acid Deprivation
Authors: Hu Xiaoming , Niu Yuguo , Luo Peixiang , Xiao Fei , Yuan Feixiang , Yin Hanrui , Chen Shanghai , Guo Feifan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified as a primary receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we investigated the expression regulation of ACE2 in enterocytes under amino acid deprivation conditions. In this study, we confirmed that ACE2 protein was highly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells in mice and found that ACE2 expression was upregulated upon all or only an essential amino acid deprivation in human colonic epithelial CCD841 cells. Furthermore, we found that knockdown of general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) reduced intestinal ACE2 mRNA and protein levels in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, we revealed two GCN2 inhibitors, GCN2iB and GCN2-IN-1, downregulated ACE2 protein expression in CCD841 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that increased ACE2 expression in response to leucine deprivation was GCN2 dependent. Through RNA-seq analysis, we identified that two novel transcription factors, MAFB and MAFF, positively regulated ACE2 expression under leucine deprivation in CCD841 cells. These findings demonstrate that amino acid deficiency increases ACE2 expression and thereby likely aggravates intestinal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Strain-level Screening of Human Gut Microbes Identifies Blautia Producta as a Novel Anti-hyperlipidemic Probiotic Via the Production of 12-methylmyristic Acid
Authors: Wu Chongming , Xu Wenyi , Yu Jiaqi , Li Zhuanyu , Zhang Yinghui , Zhang Fang , Yang Yanan , Wang Qingshi , Xie Yong , Zhao Bowen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Compelling evidence has linked the commensal gut microbiota to human metabolic syndromes and provided new therapeutic potentials against diseases, such as hyperlipidemia. However, the precise regulatory effect of each bacterial species on human lipid homeostasis remains largely unknown.Results: We set up a cell-based high-throughput screening platform and screened 2250 human gut bacterial strains from 186 species for the lipid-decreasing activity in HepG2 cells, in which 388 strains steadily inhibited lipid accumulation. Different strains in the same species usually displayed distinct lipid-modulatory actions, revealing an obvious strain-specificity. Blautia producta, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum contained a much higher portion of hypolipidemic strains. Among all the tested strains, the mucosal bacterium Blautia producta exhibited the most potency to suppress lipid accumulation, and gavage of live Bl. producta effectively ameliorated hyperlipidemia in mice. 12-Methylmyristic acid (12-MMA) was identified as an important active metabolite of Bl. producta by pan-genomics and comparative metabolomics, which exerted potent anti-hyperlipidemic effect in vivo and activated G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), thus stimulating white adipose tissue browning.Conclusions: Together, these data reveal a previously unreported large-scale lipid-modulatory profile of gut microbes at the strain level, and raise the possibility of developing therapeutics based on Bl. producta and microbial metabolite 12-MMA to treat hyperlipidemia.
ZNF582 Methylation Predicts Better Radiotherapy Response of Cervical Cancer and ZNF582 Overexpression Reduces Radiosensitivity by Arresting the Cell Cycle in S Phase
Authors: Wu Nayiyuan , Zhang Xiaoyun , Zhu Miaochen , Fang Chao , Liu Xiaoting , Wang Ying , Li He , Liu Siye , Ting Hong , Qin Chongzhen , Liao Qianjin , Cai JingTing , Wang Jing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Our previous studies identified ZNF582 methylation (ZNF582m) level as a useful biomarker for cervical cancer screening, detection, and prognosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between ZNF582m level and cervical cancer radiotherapy sensitivity and its underlying mechanism.Patients and Methods: This was a prospective multicenter clinical study, included two independent cohorts locally advanced cervical cancer patients. Exfoliated cervical cancer cells were collected pre-treatment and during treatment (after 24, 30, 36, 48, and 64 Gy) to test ZNF582m level, radiotherapy response evaluated according to RECIST Version. Results: In the first cohort, 22 cases achieved satisfied response, 28 exhibited modest response. Radiotherapy reduced ZNF582m level among all patients. Baseline ZNF582m was significantly higher in the satisfied response cases than in modest response cases, also, patients with high baseline ZNF582m (ZNF582m-high, n = 21) were more sensitive to radiotherapy than ZNF582m-low patients (n = 29), as evidenced by greater satisfied response rate (76.2% vs. 20.7%). An independent cohort confirmed above results. The magnitude of ZNF582m reduction was associated with a radiotherapeutic response, a subset of ZNF582m-low patients (5 of 28) exhibiting a transient increase in ZNF582m demonstrated greater radiosensitivity than other ZNF582m-low patients. ZNF582 overexpression induced cell cycle arrest in S phase.Conclusion: High ZNF582m level predicts better cervical cancer radiosensitivity, ZNF582 overexpression reduces radiosensitivity by cell cycle arrest.
Modes of the BiOS-driven Adriatic Sea thermohaline variability
Authors: Denamiel Cléa Lumina , Tojčić Iva , Pranić Petra , Vilibić Ivica 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study the impact of the Adriatic-Ionian Bimodal Oscillating System (BiOS) on the interannual to decadal variability of the Adriatic Sea thermohaline circulation is quantified during the 1987-2017 period with the numerical results of the Adriatic Sea and Coast (AdriSC) historical kilometer-scale climate simulation. The time series associated with the first five Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOFs) computed from the salinity, temperature and current speed monthly detrended anomalies at 1-km resolution are correlated to the BiOS signal. First, it is found that the AdriSC climate model is capable to reproduce the BiOS-driven phases derived from in-situ observations along a long-term monitoring transect in the middle Adriatic. Then, for the entire Adriatic basin, high correlations to the 2-year delayed BiOS signal are obtained for the salinity and current speed first two EOF time series at 100 m depth and the sea-bottom Finally, the physical interpretation of the EOF spatial patterns reveals that Adriatic bottom temperatures are more influenced by the dense water circulation than the BiOS. These findings confirmed and generalized the known dynamics derived previously from observations, and the AdriSC climate model can thus be used to better understand the past and future BiOS-driven physical processes in the Adriatic Sea.
Noncanonical Wnt5a/JNK Signaling Contributes to the Development of D-Gal/LPS-Induced Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Ji Xiang-fen , Fan Yu-chen , Sun Fei , Wang Jing-wei , wang kai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a deadly clinical disorder with few effective treatments and unclear pathogenesis. In our previous study, we demonstrated that aberrant Wnt5a expression was involved in acute on chronic liver failure. However, the role of Wnt5a in ALF is unknown. We investigated the expression of Wnt5a and its downstream signaling of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in a mouse model of ALF established by co-injection of D-galactosamine (D-Gal) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in C57BL/6 mice. We also investigated the role of Box5, a Wnt5a antagonist in vivo. Moreover, the effect of Wnt5a/JNK signaling on downstream inflammatory cytokines expression, phagocytosis and migration in THP-1 macrophages was studied in vitro. Aberrant Wnt5a expression and JNK activation were detected in D-Gal/LPS-induced ALF mice. Box5 pretreatment reversed JNK activation, and eventually decreased the mortality rate of D-Gal/LPS-treated mice with reduced hepatic necrosis and apoptosis, serum ALT and AST levels, and liver inflammatory cytokines expression, although the last was not significant. We further demonstrated that recombined Wnt5a (rWnt5a) induced tumor necrosis α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA expression, and increased the phagocytosis ability of THP-1 macrophages in a JNK-dependent manner, which could be restored by Box5. In addition, rWnt5a-induced migration of THP-1 macrophages was also turned by Box5. Our findings suggested that Wnt5a/JNK signaling play important role in the development of ALF, and Box5 could have particular hepatoprotecive effects in ALF.
Genomic Selection Using Environmental Covariates Within an Integrated Factor Analytic Linear Mixed Model
Authors: Tolhurst Daniel , Gaynor R. Chris , Gardunia Brian , Hickey John , Gorjanc Gregor 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces a single-stage genomic selection approach which directly integrates environmental covariates within a special factor analytic framework. The factor analytic approach of Smith et al. (2001) is an effective method of analysis for multi-environment trial (MET) datasets, but has limited biological interpretation since the underlying factors are latent so the modelled genotype by environment interaction (GEI) is observable, rather than predictable. The advantage of using known environmental covariates, such as soil moisture and daily temperature, is that the modelled GEI becomes directly interpretable, and thence predictable. This paper develops a model for both predictable and observable GEI in terms of a joint set of known and latent factors, as well as non-genetic sources of variation within trials and environments. This single-stage approach is referred to as the integrated factor analytic linear mixed model (IFA-LMM). The IFA-LMM is demonstrated on a late-stage cotton breeding MET dataset from Bayer Crop Science. The results show that the environmental covariates explain 34.6% of the genetic variance across environments (compared to only 23.3% for a conventional regression model). This represents 92.7% of the crossover GEI. The latent factors then explain 40.7% of the genetic variance, which represents 87.6% of the non-crossover GEI. This demonstrates the ability of the IFA-LMM to model crossover and non-crossover GEI in a manner that is both informative and practical to plant breeding.
WISATA SYARIAH DALAM UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI KREATIF BERBASIS POTENSI LOKAL
Authors: Wahyuni Titi 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak: Wisata Syariah sebagai salah satu pilihan dalam koridor pariwisata perlu dikembangkan di masyarakat lokal. Tidak semua daerah memiliki anugerah berupa potensi lokal yang menarik untuk peruntukan pariwisata. Kondisi alam dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memunculkan ide-ide kreatif dalam upaya pengembangan ekonomi kreatif berbasis pariwisata. DIY dengan wisata budaya kearifan lokal dan Jateng dengan wisata peninggalan sejarah Islam Wali Sanga. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melihat destinasi dan produk pariwisata yang ditawarkan di DIY-Jateng yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi pariwisata syariah, bagaimana pengelolaan pariwisata selama pandemi COVID-19, serta rekomendasi pengelolaan potensi wisata syariah yang semestinya dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif (descriptive research). Hasilnya, (1) destinasi dan produk pariwisata yang ditawarkan di DIY dan Jateng yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi pariwisata syariah dibedakan menjadi dua secara terintegrasi dan secara terpisah; (2) pengelolaan pariwisata di tengah pandemi COVID-19 dilakukan secara terbatas, buka-tutup untuk pengunjung lokal; dan (3) saran yang dapat diterapkan dalam pengelolaan pariwisata syariah DIY-Jateng adalah adanya infrastruktur yang nyaman dan aman, promosi yang masif, sistem website yang terintegrasi, ketersediaan informasi yang memadai, serta kerjasama antar pemerintah provinsi dan masyarakat setempat dalam melestarikan destinasi wisata syariah yang ada.
Kata Kunci: Wisata Syariah; Ekonomi Kreatif; DIY-Jateng; Pengelolaan Pariwisata.

Abstract: Halal Tourism is the first choice that developed by the local community. Not all regions have an interesting local gift for tourism. Natural conditions give rise to creative ideas in the efforts to develop a tourism-based creative economy. DIY has cultural tourism of local wisdom and Central Java has tourism relics of Islamic history Wali Sanga. This study intends to see tourism destinations and products offered in DIY-Jateng which are potential to result the halal tourism products, how to manage tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as recommendations for halal tourism proper management. This research used a descriptive research approach. As a result, (1) tourism destinations and products offered in DIY and Central Java that potentially to result Syariah tourism products are divided into two integrated and separated; (2) tourism management during the COVID-19 pandemic is conducted on a limited basis, open-close for local visitors; and (3) recommendations that can be applied in the management of Syariah tourism DIY-Jateng is the existence of a comfortable and safe infrastructure, massive promotion, integrated website system, availability of adequate information, as well as cooperation between provincial governments and local communities in preserving existing Syariah tourism destinations.
Keywords: Syariah tourism; creative economy; DIY-Jateng; tourism management.