bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Popular press portrayal of issues surrounding free‐roaming domestic cats Felis catus
Authors: Gow Elizabeth A. , Burant Joseph B. , Sutton Alex O. , Freeman Nikole E. , Grahame Elora R. M. , Fuirst Matthew , Sorensen Marjorie C. , Knight Samantha M. , Clyde Hannah E. , Quarrell Nathaniel J. , Wilcox Alana A. E. , Chicalo Roxan , Van Drunen Stephen G. , Shiffman David S. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Domestic cats Felis catus have a complex and contentious history. They fill multiple societal roles (e.g. as pest controllers and companion animals), which has led to a variety of animal welfare, conservation, and human health concerns. Popular press articles play an important role in how people learn about key issues surrounding cats, but they may present some issues more frequently than other issues.

We conducted a global media content analysis of 796 articles in the English‐language media from 1990 to 2018 on issues related to free‐roaming cats, such as their environmental impacts, the threats and welfare issues cats face, and how they are managed. We aimed to determine whether non‐experts learning about the issues around free‐roaming cats exclusively from the popular press would be exposed to multiple stakeholder views or opinions.

Over 95% of articles analysed were from North America. Most of the people interviewed in the popular press were from non‐governmental organizations, mainly from cat welfare or cat rights groups (which are often focused on only one side of the issue). Researchers, shelter organizations, veterinarians, and groups that have different opinions than cat rights or welfare organizations on how to resolve issues surrounding free‐roaming cats were rarely interviewed by the popular press. Most articles focused on cat welfare issues and the management strategies of euthanasia or trap–neuter–release (TNR), whereas less than one‐third of the articles acknowledged that cats have any impact on wildlife or the broader environment.

We found that the popular press often presented an oversimplified picture of issues related to free‐roaming cats and provided unbalanced coverage. We also show evidence of framing by the popular press, including mainly presenting the viewpoints and perspectives from animal welfare and rights groups, focusing on TNR or euthanasia as the only viable cat management strategies when many alternatives exist and often have greater support from experts, and discussing the impacts of cats on birds and small mammals but not reptiles or amphibians.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Turning things around: A discussion of values, practices, and action in the context of social‐ecological change
Authors: Maller Cecily 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

This special feature concerns understanding human‐nature relations through the lens of values to comprehend how values of the natural world connect with wider processes of change, action and transformation in social‐ecological systems.

The relationships between values and action have preoccupied several disciplines and multiple discourses concerned with implementing change, including sustainability and health, and conservation.

Focusing on the conceptual underpinnings of how values, action and change are generally understood, this paper proposes an alternate view informed by more‐than‐human thinking and theories of social practices. In doing so, it aims to closely scrutinise the relationship between values and actions in the context of creating transformative change.

In highlighting this relationship and presenting some different ways to understand it, the paper aims to contribute to deepening understanding of how to relate to, value and act for nature and how this might be encouraged.

One of the most common pathways assumed to generate action is based on the idea that action is driven by values, and that in order to change action, we therefore need to change values. The paper questions the assumed relationship between values and actions and its direction, and instead posits that beginning with actions is a more productive place to start.

To work through these ideas, I introduce more‐than‐human theories, focusing on theories of social practice, to discuss how these theories can change how values and actions are conceptualised, how the relationships between them can be understood, and what these ideas can mean for rethinking how to achieve social‐ecological change.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Chitosan‐PVC conjugates/metal nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Authors: Abdel‐Monem Reham A. , Rabie Samira T. , El‐Liethy Mohamed Azab , Hemdan Bahaa A. , El‐Nazer Hossam A. , Gaballah Samir T. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFour chitosan‐poly(vinyl chloride), Cs‐PVC, conjugates were synthesized by primarily reacting amino‐PVC with chloroacetyl chloride to give 2‐chloro‐N‐(2‐aminoethyl) acetamide‐functionalized PVC (PVC‐AcCl) followed by conjugation with chitosan to yield a derivative of acetamide‐functionalized PVC chitosan (Cs‐AcPVC). On the other hand, a one‐pot reaction between PVC‐chloroacetyl chloride, benzimodazole, and chitosan produced benzimodazole‐functionalized PVC conjugates (PVC1). The above one‐pot reaction was repeated with incorporating silver nanoparticles, AgNPs, via in situ reduction of Ag salt to give PVC2 whereas silver treated titanium dioxide (Ag/TiO2)NPs was simply mixed with PVC1 to afford PVC3. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR spectroscopic analyses of all the synthesized materials were studied. Morphological investigation such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis were also carried out. The antibacterial activities of the synthesized conjugates were investigated against two Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium) and two Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes) bacterial strains. The antibacterial assay showed that all PVC‐Cs conjugates exhibited excellent bacterial inhibition (five‐log10 reduction) at a concentration of 500 mg/L after 30 min and almost complete inhibition after 120 min. Minimum inhibition concentration investigation showed that conjugates PVC‐chloroacetyl chitosan and PVC3 were more potent than PVC1 and PVC2 against both Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive strains at 250 mg/L. These results suggested that all four polymeric conjugates might afford a revolutionary antibacterial polymeric material that can be useful in many applications such as water sanitization, food packaging, and biomedical devices.
Anatomic patterns of relapse and progression following treatment with 131I‐MIBG in relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma
Authors: Fishel Ben Kenan Rotem , Polishchuk Alexei L. , Hawkins Randall A. , Braunstein Steve E. , Matthay Katherine K. , DuBois Steven G. , Haas‐Kogan Daphne A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesPatients with metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG)‐avid relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma after initial therapy may exhibit transient responses to salvage treatment with iodine‐131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I‐MIBG). It is unclear whether disease progression following 131I‐MIBG treatment occurs in previously involved versus new anatomic sites of disease. Understanding this pattern of relapse will inform the use of consolidation therapy following 131I‐MIBG administration.MethodsPatients with relapsed or refractory metastatic MIBG‐avid neuroblastoma or ganglioneuroblastoma, who received single‐agent 131I‐MIBG, had stable or responding disease 6–8 weeks following 131I‐MIBG, but subsequently experienced disease progression were included. MIBG scans were reviewed to establish anatomic and temporal evolution of MIBG‐avid disease.ResultsA total of 84 MIBG‐avid metastatic sites were identified immediately prior to MIBG therapy in a cohort of 12 patients. At first progression, a total of 101 MIBG‐avid sites were identified, of which 69 (68%) overlapped with pre‐treatment disease sites, while 32 (32%) represented anatomically new disease areas. Eight of 12 patients had one or more new MIBG‐avid sites at first progression. Of the 69 involved sites at progression that overlapped with pre‐treatment disease, 11 represented relapsed sites that had cleared following MIBG therapy, two were persistent but increasingly MIBG‐avid, and 56 were stably persistent.ConclusionsPreviously involved anatomic disease sites predominate at disease progression following 131I‐MIBG treatment. Nevertheless, the majority of patients progressed in at least one new anatomic disease site. This suggests that consolidation focal therapies targeting residual disease sites may be of limited benefit in preventing systemic disease progression following 131I‐MIBG treatment of relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma.
Prediction of low‐velocity impact dent for composite laminates based on an anisotropic elastoplastic damage model
Authors: Ouyang Tian , Bao Rui , Tan Riming , Sun Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a three‐dimensional finite element (FE) model based on an anisotropic elastoplastic damage model is established to simulate the impact dent of composite laminates subjected to low velocity impact (LVI) by implementing a user‐defined subroutine VUMAT in Abaqus/Explicit. To validate the FE model, numerical results are compared with the experimental data in terms of impact dent depth, contact force‐time response, and projected delamination shape. The simulation shows that considering tension‐compression asymmetry in the elastoplastic constitutive relation has a significant influence on the prediction of dent depth. Besides, it is found that before the knee point, the formation of the impact dent is mainly related to matrix plasticity and damage; while after the knee point, the significant increase of dent depth is caused by fiber breakage on the impact side. The increase of bending stiffness for thicker laminates can decrease the overall deflection, which leads to less fiber breakage and less visible dent.
Work stress and turnover intention among Chinese rural school principals: A mediated moderation study
Authors: Shen Youtian , Li Xiaoshan , Dong Shenghong , Fu Jianping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo test the impact of work stress on Chinese rural school principal turnover intention, 490 rural school principals in the mainland of China were asked to participate in a survey. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that work stress had a positive relation with turnover intention, while achievement motivation and place attachment had negative relations. Additionally, place attachment was a protective factor that could reduce the negative effect of work stress on job satisfaction or the positive effect of work stress on turnover intention. Additionally, the moderating effects of place attachment were mediated by job satisfaction. These findings can enrich our understanding of the relation between work stress and school principal turnover behavior and can provide some suggestions for reducing school principal turnover intention in developing countries such as the mainland of China.
Trends in termination of pregnancy for neural tube defects in England and Wales from 2007 to 2017: Observational prospective study
Authors: Allen Ruth , James Andrew , Sankaran Srividhya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveNeural tube defects (NTDs) affect approximately 300,000 pregnancies worldwide each year. Many of these pregnancies are lost to miscarriage or termination of pregnancy. Here, we have analysed the trends of termination of pregnancy for NTDs from the national data for England and Wales.MethodsData for all terminations for residents in England and Wales for the period of 2007–2017 were obtained through Health and Social Act 4 (HSA4) submitted to the Department of Health. Using the ICD‐10 codes, terminations for NTDs were selected for analysis. The statistical test Chi‐squared was performed using SPSS‐v25, where appropriate.ResultsIn the 11‐year period, there were 28,866 terminations under Ground E; of which 4425 (15.33%) had a diagnosis of NTD. The number of NTD cases increased over the time period from 308 in 2007 to 517 in 2017 (67.9%). Significant results were also seen when analysing the relationship between ethnicity, gestation and terminations where an NTD was diagnosed.ConclusionWith the availability of routine prenatal ultrasound, the termination for NTDs is on the rise in England and Wales, in spite of the health advice of periconceptional folic acid. This study demonstrates the need for implementation of further programmes to increase public health awareness of folic supplementation and government initiation of fortification to reduce NTDs.
Release of tepary bean TARS‐Tep 23 germplasm with broad abiotic stress tolerance and rust and common bacterial blight resistance
Authors: Porch Timothy , Barrera Santos , Berny Mier y Teran Jorge C. , Díaz‐Ramírez Jairo , Pastor‐Corrales Marcial , Gepts Paul , Urrea Carlos A. , Rosas Juan Carlos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) is a drought and high ambient temperature tolerant crop native to the Sonoran Desert, the hottest and driest region in the United States and Mexico. Although tepary bean is an orphan crop with little current commercial production, there was a brief period of larger scale production in the early 1900s in California. Tepary bean has great potential as a novel crop in a warmer world climate and can be introduced as an alternative pulse crop in hot and/or dry regions worldwide. TARS‐Tep 23 (Reg. no. GP‐309, PI 698457) is an improved tepary bean germplasm with wide‐ranging adaptation to tropical and temperate regions experiencing high temperature and drought stress conditions, with broad resistance to bean rust and with resistance to common bacterial blight. It has a flat, mottled black seed type with good seed size, a Type III plant habit, and a short crop cycle of 55–61 d in the environments tested. This germplasm was developed cooperatively by the USDA‐ARS, Zamorano University, the University of California–Davis, and the University of Nebraska. The use of this improved germplasm by farmers in production zones affected by abiotic and biotic stresses, or by breeding programs, can potentially increase seed yields of this climate‐resilient crop.
Recent progress in lactam‐based polymer semiconductors for organic electronic devices
Authors: Park Kwang Hun , Go Ji‐Young , Lim Bogyu , Noh Yong‐Young 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNumerous polymer semiconductor materials with alternating electron donor–electron acceptor (D–A) structures have attracted immense attention because they exhibit excellent semiconductor performance and solution processability. These materials can be used for the fabrication of various lightweight and flexible electronic devices. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the structural features and important properties of lactams whose performance can be enhanced by introducing an acceptor in the design of D–A‐type polymer semiconductor materials. The focus is on polymer semiconductor materials with lactams in their structures, such as diketopyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole, naphthalene diimide, isoindigo, 2,2‐bithiophene‐3,3‐dicarboximide, and thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione. The recent advances made in the field in the last 3 years are discussed. In addition, the application of polymers for the fabrication of organic electronic devices and the progress in the field are discussed.
Polymeric materials for solar water purification
Authors: Lei Chuxin , Guo Youhong , Guan Weixin , Yu Guihua 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSolar‐based desalination or water purification is regarded as one of the promising solutions to global water scarcity as the only energy input is abundant and sustainable solar light. Interfacial solar vapor generation (SVG), which converts natural sunlight into clean water vapor, has attracted extensive research interests due to its high‐energy utilization efficiency and simple implementation. With tunable molecular structures and tailorable physical properties, polymers have demonstrated great potential as candidate materials for solar evaporators. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on polymer materials for solar‐powered water purification. First, we present functional polymers with highly tunable molecular composition and morphology as high‐efficiency solar absorbers. Next, the recent development of various polymeric materials and structural engineering strategies for adequate water supply and efficient thermal management are discussed, along with their excellent desalination and purification performance. Last, we outline the challenges and future directions on the further development of polymer materials for solar water purification technologies.
Psychiatric symptoms mediate the effect of resilience on health‐related quality of life in patients with breast cancer: Longitudinal examination
Authors: Lee Sungwon , Jung Saim , Jung Sanghyup , Moon Jung Yoon , Oh Gyu Han , Yeom Chan‐Woo , Son Kyung‐Lak , Lee Kwang‐Min , Kim Won‐Hyoung , Jung Dooyoung , Kim Tae‐Yong , Im Seock‐Ah , Lee Kyung‐Hun , Shim Eun‐Jung , Hahm Bong‐Jin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivePatients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy are at increased risk of poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). This study examined clinical caseness on depression and anxiety mediate the relationship between resilience and HRQOL in patients with breast cancer.MethodsA total of 193 patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy completed questionnaires including the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Breast before the first session (T0), before the start of the last session (T1), and 6 months after the end (T2) of chemotherapy. Mediation analyses using a bootstrapping method was performed.ResultsThe indirect effect (IE) through T1 depression was significant (IE through depression = 0.043, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.002–0.090]), while IE through T1 anxiety was not significant (IE through anxiety = 0.037, 95% CI [−0.010–0.097]) in the association between T0 resilience and T2 HRQOL.ConclusionsClinical caseness on HADS depression subscale during chemotherapy was a mediating factor of the relationship between resilience before chemotherapy and HRQOL after chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Depression during chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer may be a target symptom of screening and intervention to maintain the HRQOL after chemotherapy. Also, patients with low resilience are more likely to develop depression during chemotherapy, and clinicians should carefully monitor whether depression occurs in these patients with low resilience.
Efficient trapping of RONS in gelatin and physiological solutions
Authors: Kutasi Kinga , Tombácz Etelka 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe work aims to determine the long‐term stability of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS)‐enriched gelatin solutions and of plasma‐activated physiological solutions produced with an atmospheric pressure surface‐wave microwave discharge. It is demonstrated that the , and concentrations are quasi‐stable during 1 month of storage in the 0.5%–2% gelatin solutions prepared with plasma‐activated water, Ringer's (PAR), and phosphate‐buffered saline (PAPBS) solutions, respectively, even at acidic pH 4.5–5.5 conditions. The trapping of RONS is attributed to the protein network developed with gelation. The salt content of the physiological solutions influences the RONS creation and deposition, while stabilizes the 6.5 and 7.2 pH, which ensures the stability of the PAR and PAPBS, respectively, for months.
The Influence of the Level of Load in the Mixer on the Processability and Mechanical Properties of the Solid Composite Propellant
Authors: da Cunha Bruno Cesar Christo , Rocco José Atílio Fritz Fidel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe present study evaluated the influence of the level of load in the mixer on the processability and mechanical properties of the solid composite propellant. The mixtures were processed with the same composition and process conditions but using different percentages of levels of the maximum mixing capacity of the mixer. Both vertical and horizontal types of mixers were used to verify the existence of an optimal level of operation and whether it would depend on the type of mixer adopted. Levels of 50 %, 60 %, 70 %, 80 %, and 90 % were adopted in each macerator. In terms of processability, the 70 % level for the horizontal macerator and the 60 % level for the vertical macerator was the most suitable ones. Regarding the mechanical properties, the optimal operating level to obtain propellants with better properties would be 60–70 % in the horizontal macerator and 70 % in the vertical macerator. The results were interesting as they demonstrated the influence of the level adopted on the final grain. In addition, it is necessary to avoid using the mixers close to their maximum capacity. Therefore, the mixer level should be considered in any rocket motor casting project, both in single‐batch and multi‐batch processes.
Association of germline rare pathogenic mutations in guideline‐recommended genes with prostate cancer progression: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Shi Zhuqing , Lu Lucy , Resurreccion William Kyle , Yang Wancai , Wei Jun , Wang Qiang , Engelmann Valentina , Zheng Siqun Lilly , Cooney Kathleen A. , Isaacs William B. , Helfand Brian T. , Lu Jim , Xu Jianfeng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundGermline mutations in several genes, mainly DNA repair genes, have been associated with prostate cancer (PCa) progression. However, primarily due to the rarity of mutations, statistical evidence for these associations is not consistently established. The objective of this study is to synthesize evidence from multiple studies using a meta‐analysis.MethodsGenes analyzed were chosen based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommendations (10 genes) and a commonly reported gene (NBN). PCa progression in this analysis was defined as either having metastases or PCa‐specific mortality. We searched PubMed for papers published before April 26, 2021, using selected keywords. Pooled odds ratio (OR) was estimated in all races and Caucasians‐only using both fixed‐ and random‐effect models.ResultsThe search identified 1028 papers and an additional five from a manual review of references. After a manual process that excluded noneligible studies, 11 papers remained, including a total of 3944 progressors and 20,054 nonprogressors. Combining results from these eligible studies, mutation carrier rates were significantly higher in progressors than nonprogressors for NBN, BRCA2, ATM (under both fixed‐ and random‐effect models), for CHEK2 (under fixed‐effect model only), and for PALB2 (under random‐effect model only), p < 0.05. Pooled OR (95% confidence interval) was 6.38 (2.25–18.05), 3.41 (2.31; 5.03), 1.93 (1.17–3.20), and 1.53 (1.00–2.33) for NBN, BRCA2, ATM, and CHEK2, respectively, under fixed‐effect model and 2.63 (1.12–6.13) for PALB2 under random‐effect model. No significant association was found for the six remaining genes. Certainty of evidence was low for many genes due primarily to the limited number of eligible studies and mutation carriers.ConclusionsStatistical evidence for five genes was obtained in this first meta‐analysis of germline mutations and PCa progression. While these results may help urologists and genetic counselors interpret germline testing results for PCa progression, more original studies are needed.