bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisa Peningkatan Nilai Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) pada Unit 1 PLTU Tenayan 2 x 110 MW
Authors: Yolnasdi  
Published: July 2021

Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) merupakan indikator kehandalan dan efisiennya sebuah pembangkit thermal khususnya PLTU. Semakin kecil nilai NPHR maka PLTU dinyatakan semakin efisien dan sebaliknya. Terdapat 3 parameter utama yang menunjukkan indikasi perubahan nilai NPHR suatu PLTU yaitu beban (load) neto yang disuplai oleh PLTU, jumlah konsumsi batubara dan nilai kalori batubara. Semakin besar beban neto yang disalurkan PLTU ke jaringan, maka nilai NPHR akan semakin kecil atau bagus.
Dalam monitoring NPHR PLTU UBJOM Tenayan unit 1 menggunakan perhitungan metode input-output terdapat indikasi peningkatan nilai NPHR yang berbanding lurus dengan meningkatnya nilai auxiliary power. Meningkatnya nilai auxiliary power berkaitan erat dengan beban neto yang dihasilkan oleh PLTU ke jaringan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemecahan solusi dengan melakukan performance test untuk mendapatkan data yang dibutuhkan dalam perhitungan NPHR metode heat loss. Perhitungan dengan metode heat loss memiliki keunggulan untuk mengklasifikasi faktor yang menyebabkan peningkatan NPHR. Dengan mengetahui faktor losses tersebut, root cause failure dapat ditemukan dan penyusunan failure defense task yang direncanakan semakin akurat.
Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, auxiliary power merupakan penyumbang nilai NPHR terbesar yang masuk dalam kategori plant controllable. Melalui penyusunan managemen auxiliary power berbasis pareto yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan 5 peralatan main auxiliary yaitu SA Fan, BFP, Condensate Pump, CWP dan cooling fan yang menjadi sumber penyebab meningkatnya main auxiliary power sebesar 2% dan berdampak pada losses sebesar 55,16 kCal/kWh serta loss production sebesar Rp. 24,602,765.81 per-hari.
Comparative study of neonatal and maternal adverse outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus followed or treated with insulin versus dietary regimen
Authors: CERAN Mehmet Ufuk 
Published: July 2021

Aim: Primary aim of this study is to compare the neonatal and maternal complications of women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) treated with insulin or followed by diet. Secondary aim is to evaluate the rate of cesarean section and indications of that.
Methods: Women with GDM were divided into two groups as insulin (n=110) and diet (n=200). Demographic data, antenatal follow-up measurements, gestational week at birth and type of delivery were recorded. Neonatal complications (neonatal intensive care admission, shoulder dystocia, hypoglycemia, low apgar score) and maternal complications (thrombosis, hypoglycemia and cellulitis) were recorded. Total and primary cesarean section rates were calculated by dividing them according to indications. Statistical analysis between groups was performed.
Results:
Age and body mass index were not statistically significant in both groups. Low apgar score, admission to neonatal intensive care, postpartum maternal complications and primary cesarean section rate were statistically significantly higher in the insulin group compared to the diet group (p
Multitude, peuple, populisme chez Machiavel
Authors: Landi Sandro 
Published: July 2021

Cet article est consacré à la « multitude », un terme clé aujourd’hui dans les interprétations opéraïste et populiste de Machiavel. À travers l’étude du lexique des auteurs appartenant à la tradition aristotélicienne et thomiste, cet article met en évidence l’ambiguïté substantielle de ce terme et de ce sujet collectif. L’analyse que Machiavel consacre en particulier à la multitude en tant que composante « désordonnée » du corps politique, révèle des analogies avec la réflexion contemporaine de Pietro Pomponazzi ( De incantationibus ). Du point de vue de l’histoire des sciences sociales, l’hypothèse développée est que la découverte de la dimension psychique de la multitude au début du xvi e siècle constitue un tournant épistémique qui permet de repenser la chronologie de la foule comme objet d’étude et de gouvernement.
Les mœurs des peuples et la vertu du vice
Authors: Bonnet Stéphane 
Published: July 2021

Les mœurs des peuples modernes sont travaillées par deux sortes de moralité : l’une leur vient de l’Antiquité païenne et rend possible une prudence active qui, mettant le vice d’ingratitude au service de la vertu d’acquisition, culmina jadis chez les grands fondateurs d’État ; l’autre leur vient du christianisme, magnifie l’humilité et altère ce qui persiste de la moralité ancienne. Une certaine prudence savante est alors ce qui chez les Modernes est à la fois le signe que la moralité ancienne n’est pas morte et la promesse que l’imitation des Anciens pourrait ressusciter la prudence de l’homme d’action, vertu tissée de vices, indissociablement intellectuelle, morale et politique.
Machiavel et les jacobins
Authors: Addante Luca , Barthas Jérémie 
Published: July 2021

Machiavel était-il un auteur auquel les Jacobins pensaient ? Au-delà de l’image démoniaque que véhicule la notion de machiavélisme, les révolutionnaires avaient-ils une connaissance directe de la pensée de Machiavel ? Pour certains d’entre eux, la réponse est affirmative et, comme cette contribution l’établit, ils en partageaient et développaient certaines idées. Les jacobins italiens, en particulier, font montre d’une connaissance approfondie des textes du Florentin, qu’ils considéraient même comme une sorte de chef de file national du jacobinisme républicain, démocratique et constitutionnel.
Les migrations à l’épreuve d’une pandémie
Authors: Mabille Claire 
Published: July 2021

Restriction des déplacements, fermeture des frontières, rapatriements… La propagation du virus de la Covid-19 a fortement affecté la mobilité. L’étude des migrations fait notamment apparaître quatre aspects des conséquences de la pandémie sur les migrants : les difficultés économiques des expatriés se répercutent sur leur pays d’origine ; la précarité des migrants s’accroît ; les pays d’accueil instrumentalisent la pandémie pour durcir leur politique migratoire ; les routes migratoires depuis le Sud de la Méditerranée vers l’Europe se transforment, avec une baisse du passage par la route orientale au profit de la route centrale.
Le conflit israélo-palestinien : une instabilité endémique aux portes de la Méditerranée orientale
Authors: Fanneau de La Horie Rhéa , Béquet Gaspard 
Published: July 2021

Plus de 70 ans après la création d’un État hébreu en Palestine et l’exode de milliers de ses habitants arabes vers la Cisjordanie, la bande de Gaza et les États voisins, le conflit israélo-palestinien demeure un foyer de tensions majeur aux portes de la Méditerranée orientale. Toutefois, le déséquilibre militaire total entre belligérants, l’émergence de questions socio-économiques au premier plan de la vie politique israélienne et les récentes normalisations arabes semblent remettre en cause le caractère structurant du conflit dans les équilibres moyen-orientaux. Tour d’horizon des raisons qui poussent les auteurs à parler de « marginalisation » de ce conflit.
Libye : vers une réunification bien fragile
Authors: Blanchard Cyril , Sémon Adrien 
Published: July 2021

Le 23 octobre 2020, un cessez-le-feu ouvre la voie pour une réconciliation des deux Libye : celle de l’Ouest et celle de l’Est. De fait, un gouvernement de transition reconnu par les deux camps est entré en fonction en mars 2021 et a pour tâche de mettre en place des élections présidentielles et législatives pour le 24 décembre. Néanmoins, la décennie de guerre civile passée a fait de la Libye un territoire parsemé de milices locales où ne demeurent que des institutions politiques et économiques fragilisées voire paralysées. En cas d’échec, lors des prochaines élections, la situation risque d’aboutir au renforcement des influences turque et russe sur le pays.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Healthy Eating among Public School Teachers in Kuwait
Authors: Kana''An Hashem , Saadeh Rami , Zruqait Ahmed , Alenezi Manar 
Published: July 2021

Background Healthy food is essential for strengthening the body and protecting it from diseases. Conversely, unhealthy food can cause severe diseases in children and adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice among teachers about healthy food and to examine the associated factors. Design and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire distributed to 300 teachers in the Hawalli and Al-Jahra educational areas in Kuwait over approximately six months in 2019. Results Those who participated in a course had significantly greater knowledge than those who did not (p=0.005). The respondents in Hawalli had a significantly lower mean attitude than Al- Jahrah teachers (7.9±1.5 vs 8.2±1.5, respectively; p=0.03). Conclusions Limited knowledge combined with a low level of positive attitude suggests an ongoing educational workshop should be established to promote healthy nutrition.
Ocular surface response to fibrin sealant versus vicryl suture for conjunctival closure after strabismus surgery
Authors: Anand Kamlesh , Goyal Gaurav , Goel Yashpal , Bansal Yuvika , Rastogi Anju , Jaisingh Kirti 
Published: July 2021

PURPOPSE:
This study aims to evaluate the ocular surface response after strabismus surgery, using two different materials for conjunctival closure.

METHODS:
Randomized prospective comparative study was done. After performing strabismus surgery, conjunctival flap was apposed with fibrin sealant in Group 1 and 8-0 vicryl suture with buried knots in Group 2. Preoperative and postoperative measurement of tear film break up time and Schirmer test for tear secretion was done in both the groups of 30 patients each at regular follow-up visit up to 2 months. Postoperatively, both the groups were also compared for the resolution of discomfort and redness.

RESULTS:
Conjunctival recession was not seen in any group. Mean period was 5.8 days for resolution of discomfort (pain, lacrimation, and irritation) and 7.2 days for redness in Group 1 compared to 12 and 16 days in Group 2 (P < 0.05). During the study, we noticed significant decrease in tear film stability and increase in tear secretion in both the groups. However, in Group 2, the parameters were significantly more altered and even changes persisted for longer duration.

CONCLUSION:
Early rehabilitation of ocular surface might be related to unaltered healing process with the use of a biological substance (fibrin sealant) as compared to suture.
Assessment of ganglion cell complex, macular thickness, and optic disc parameters in keratoconus patients
Authors: Orman Gözde , Fırat Penpe Gul , Doganay Selim , Doganay Derya 
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE:
Keratoconus (KC) is bilateral noninflammatory corneal disorder characterized by progressive corneal thinning, protrusion, and scarring. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ganglion cell complex(GCC), macula thickness(MT) and optic head disc parameters in keratoconus patients.

METHODS:
A hospital based prospective clinical case series was performed in Inonu University School of Medicine. 52 eyes of 52 keratoconus patients and 50 eyes of 50 normal patients were enrolled.

RESULTS:
There is no statistically significant in MT between groups. GCC in nasal superior, temporal superior and temporal inferior 9 mm from macula were found statistically significant decrease in keratoconus group (p<0,05). In optic disc analysis fifth and the eleventh clock-hour quadrants of peripapiller retina nerve fiber layer and cup area ratio were found statistically significant decrease in keratoconic eyes (p<0,05).

CONCLUSION:
We thought that structural retinal changes seem in keratoconus eyes; keratoconus pathogenesis may affect not only cornea but also retina and optic nerve head.
Awareness and knowledge about glaucoma among patients attending outpatient clinics of Jordan University Hospital
Authors: Abu Hassan Diala W. , Alsibai Bilal A. , Alhouri Abdullah N. , Alhajeh Reda Y. , Suleiman Ahmad A. , Al Bdour Muawyah D. 
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the level of awareness and knowledge about glaucoma among Jordanians and determine the relationship between glaucoma knowledge and selected variables.

METHODS:
This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted at a central hospital. Face-to-face interviews were performed to obtain sociodemographic data and information about glaucoma from Jordanian participants attending different outpatient clinics of Jordan University Hospital (JUH). A convenient sample of 488 participants aged 16 years and above were recruited. Consent form was signed by each participant before starting the interview.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study population was 45.71 ± 15.44 years, ranging 16 to 89 years. There were 163 (33.4%) females and 325 (66.6%) males. 81.6% of participants had heard of glaucoma. Only 34.2% of participants defined glaucoma correctly. 52.4% of participants had a low level of knowledge about glaucoma. The main source of information was from family members, relatives, and friends (66.6%); however, this source inversely influenced the level of knowledge.

CONCLUSIONS:
The results of this study indicate a high level of awareness of glaucoma among Jordanians but low-to-average knowledge about it. Health education programs should be activated at all levels of health- and eye-care services to increase knowledge about glaucoma and prevent the irreversible loss of vision due to the second main cause of blindness worldwide.
The prevalence and predictors of refractive error among school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alomair Raed , Alghnam Suliman A. , Alnasser Bashair N. , Almuhawas Hana A. , Alhoshan Saja A. , Altamimi Bashayer S. , Alshaye Rana M. , Almuayli Mohamad T. , Alokiliy Mazen K. , Alfawaz Waleed J. , Alghamdi Sultan K. 
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE:
Refractive error (RE) is one of the most common ocular disorders among children worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of RE and possible risk factors among school children in Riyadh.

METHODS:
This is a cross-sectional study using data collected at various schools. To achieve the aim of the study, we selected a random sample of 850 school children aged 6–15 years. The examination was based on the RESC protocol and included full visual assessment. Furthermore, a questionnaire was sent to the parents of the participants to ascertain information about lifestyle factors. We constructed a logistic regression model to evaluate the predictors of RE.

RESULTS:
Close to a third of the children had a RE. Of those identified as having the condition, 60% did not wear glasses (newly diagnosed). Nearly all the children (95.4%) in our sample reported using electronic devices, according to parents. No association was found between using electronic devices and having a RE (P = 0.26). Doing outdoor activities was associated with 52% lower odds of a RE (odds ratio = 1.52).

CONCLUSION:
We found a higher prevalence of uncorrected RE than previously reported in other Saudi studies. About 60% of children who had RE were not wearing glasses, highlighting the need for a standardized school screening program for early detection and management. Outdoor activities were associated with a lower likelihood of having a RE. These findings might support initiatives to encourage outdoor activities among school children.
Oral Complications of Dental Prosthetic for Patients after Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Treatment
Authors: Moshtaha Waseem 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Chemotherapy‐ and radiotherapy‐induced oral complication represents a therapeutic challenge frequently encountered in cancer patients. This side effect causes significant morbidity and may delay the treatment plan, as well as increase therapeutic expenses. The current study aimed to measure possible changes in oral microflora in cancer patients wearing dentures before starting and within 3 and 7 days of the first course of chemo/radiotherapy. The researcher seeks to investigate the association between these changes and the distressing oral problems compared with control patients.

Material and Methods:
The current study performed based on the case-control design in which 46 cancer patients who wear dentures and meet the inclusion criteria were selected from 80 patients as cases or tested group. Another 46 cancer patients who did not wear dentures were matched to be the control group. Based on the international safety standard, the oral microflora of the buccal mucosa was collected and cultured from two saliva samples at T0 (before chemotherapy), T1 (the day after chemotherapy), and T2 (7 days after chemotherapy). A series of descriptive and MacNemar analysis and other statistical tests included independent and paired t-tests, chi-square, were performed to determine significance at P < 0.05.

Results:
The current study revealed that that 25 patients (54.34%) who developed plaque that consisted predominantly of saprophytic Gram-positive cocci (Streptococcus spp., Leuconostoc spp., Granulicatella spp. and Gemella spp.). By investigation, 15 of these patients underwent chemotherapy/radiotherapy (60%). The other 21 patients (45.66%) developed periodontal pathogens (F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis, Actinobacillus spp. and Pep. micros). Regarding time variation (T0, T1, and T2), no significant differences were reported in bacterial changes. Furthermore, the control group swabs showed that the bacterial count did not change significantly during the observation period and both qualitative and quantitative bacterial growth was not significantly differed from the case group.

Conclusion:
The results of the current study indicate that there were no significant changes in the growth of microflora observed in the dental plaque and wearing dental of cancer patients within 7 days of the first course of chemo/radiotherapy. Furthermore, no correlation observed between oral mucositis and specific microorganisms.
Relationships between Troponin I and Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy among Newborn Babies
Authors: Issa Amudalat , Abdulkadir Mohammed Baba , Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji , Ibrahim Olayinka Rasheed , Bello Surajudeen Oyeleke , Suberu Habibat , Sanusi Ibraheem 
Published: July 2021

Background:
A proper evaluation of cardiovascular status, with a view to ensuring early diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction and prompt intervention where necessary, is a recognized approach in the management of asphyxiated neonates. Hence, we determined the levels of a cardiac biomarker (troponin I), its relationship with disease severity, and mortality in asphyxiated neonates with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Methods:
This was a descriptive study that involved 85 asphyxiated, term appropriate-for-gestational age newborn babies with HIE (subjects) and 85 healthy controls within the first 72 h of life. Asphyxiated neonates were classified into HIE stages using Sarnat and Sarnat staging. Blood samples were collected between 24 and 72 h of life to determine the level of troponin I using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The asphyxiated babies were followed up till discharge or death.

Results:
The median interquartile range level of troponin I in the subjects was higher compared with the controls, 1.26 (0.97–3.16) ng/ml versus 0.79 (0.79–1.42) ng/ml, P < 0. 001. The levels of troponin I in HIE I, HIE II, and HIE III were 1.26 (1.00–2.37) ng/ml, 1.11 (0.86–2.96) ng/ml, and 3.58 (1.34–5.58) ng/ml, respectively. Nonsurvivors had a higher cardiac troponin I (4.00 [2.30–6.34] ng/ml) compared with survivors (1.21 [0.95–2.37] ng/ml), P = 0.015.

Conclusion:
Cardiac troponin I was significantly higher in asphyxiated subjects compared with healthy controls. Elevated troponin I was associated with higher mortality. Troponin I levels in the first 72 h can help as a prognostic indicator of HIE in term babies.
Controlling non small cell lung cancer progression by blocking focal adhesion kinase-c-Src active site with Rosmarinus officinalis L. phytocomponents
Authors: Highland Hyacinth N. , Thakur Monica B. , George Linz-Buoy 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a global, fatal oncological malady to which conventional and targeted therapies proved less effective with consequent side effects; hence, phytocomponents from herbal sources may provide potent alternative and should be tested for cancer intervention. Activation and overexpression of proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase Src (c-Src) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) lead to cell proliferation and invasion. Hence, in the present investigation, in silico analysis was carried out to identify molecular intervention of phytocomponents in blocking the active site and thus inhibiting c-Src and FAK activation, which in turn could control progression of NSCLC.

Materials and Methods:

In silico analysis was carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker, Molegro Molecular Viewer, and ClusPro server for ligand–protein and protein–protein interaction study. Phytochemical analysis and assay for antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. were carried out using standard phytochemical tests, high-performance thin-layer chromatography, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Effectiveness of extract in arresting cell proliferation was confirmed using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on A549 cell line.

Results:

In silico analysis indicated effective binding of rosmarinic acid to the active site of target proteins FAK and c-Src, blocking their activity. MTT assay revealed potent antiproliferative activity of hydroalcoholic extract which acted in dose-dependent manner. Phytochemical analysis confirmed that the extract was rich in phytocomponents and had antioxidant activity of 94.9%, which could therefore effectively eliminate free radicals and inhibit cell progression.

Conclusion:

In silico and in vitro studies confirmed that phytocomponents present in hydroalcoholic extract of R. officinalis L. could effectively block the active site of target proteins and thus controlled cell proliferation on NSCLC cells, suggesting herb as an effective alternative medicine for the treatment of NSCLC.
Effect of coexisting adenomyosis on patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yilmaz Alpay , Cokmez Hakan , Gulbahar Aysegul 
Published: July 2021

Context:
We sought to clarify the impact of adenomyosis on the clinical and pathological prognosis of endometrial cancer to aid the selection of appropriate surgical intervention based on the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Aims:
Our study aimed to report the frequency of adenomyosis in patients with endometrioid cancer and correlate its incidence rate with the survival and prognostic factors.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included 357 patients. Patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma were divided into two groups based on the presence of adenomyosis. The groups were compared in terms of tumor diameter, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), low-high risk pathologic status, stage of the disease, and survival outcome.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Continuous variables were analyzed using the Student's t or Mann–Whitney U-test. Survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier test.

Results:
The average age was similar between the two groups. In total, 47 (13.2%) of 357 patients had adenomyosis. A total of 43 (91.4%) cases with adenomyosis and 258 (83.2%) cases without adenomyosis had Stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma (n = 301, 84.3%). Moreover, 32 (68.1%) cases with adenomyosis and 187 (60.3%) cases without adenomyosis were in the low-risk group. There was no statistically significant correlation between the risk groups (P = 0.309) and overall survival between the two groups (P = 0.416).

Conclusion:
No correlation was seen between the characteristics of endometrioid type endometrial cancer and survival rates in patients with or without adenomyosis. The impact of adenomyosis as a factor in evaluating the perioperative prognosis and planning postoperative adjuvant therapy for endometrial cancer should be assessed by further studies.