bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome Insight and Description of Carotenoids-producing Croceicoccus Gelatinilyticus Sp. Nov., Isolated From the Tidal Flat Sediment
Authors: Pei Tao , Liu Yang , Du Juan , Huang Kun peng , Deng Ming rong , Zhu Honghui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A novel Gram-staining-negative and short-rod-shaped bacterial strain designated as 1NDH52T was isolated from tidal flat sediments and characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain 1NDH52T were summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c) and C14:0 2-OH; the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingoglycolipid; the major respiratory quinones were Q-10 and Q-9. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 1NDH52T belonged to the genus Croceicoccus with high similarities to the close type strains Croceicoccus pelagius Ery9T, Croceicoccus sediminis S2-4-2T and Croceicoccus bisphenolivorans H4T. Phylogenomic analysis indicated that strain 1NDH52T formed an independent branch distinct from the known type strains of this genus. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain 1NDH52T and the three type strains above were well below thresholds of 70% DDH and 95-96% ANI for species definition, implying that strain 1NDH52T should represent a novel genospecies. The genomic DNA G + C content was 62.6%. The carotenoids production of the novel strain was determined by the detection of the pigment absorption spectrum and the identification of the complete biosynthetic gene cluster in its genome. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain 1NDH52T is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Croceicoccus, for which the name Croceicoccus gelatinilyticus sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of the species is 1NDH52T (= GDMCC 1.2381T = KCTC 82668T). The description of the genus Croceicoccus has also been emended.
Blocking PSD-93-CX3CL1 Interaction Promotes the Phenotypic Transformation of Microglia During Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: zhang qingxiu , cao xiaowei , yang hui , Liu xiaomei , Lou shiying , kong liping , rong liangqun , shan junjun , xu yun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPostsynaptic density 93 (PSD-93) plays an important role in ischemic brain injury by mediating neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. Different photypes of microglia perform an important role in ischemic crerbral injury and repair. Blocking the combination of PSD-93 and CX3C chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) is beneficial in acute ischemic stroke, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. MethodsMiddle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established in male C57BL/6 mice. The peptide Tat-CX3CL1 (357-395aa) which disturbing the interaction of PSD-93 and CX3CL1 was used in this study to explore the mechanism of its neuroprotective effect. The production and secretion of cytokines associated with M1 and M2 type of microglia was detected by PCR and ELISA, respectively. Neurologic damage was evaluated by behavior, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, and brain water content. MBP and SMI32 double immunostaining were used to detect white matter injury and double staining for Iba1 and CD68 to assess M1 type microglia polarization. ResultsThe cytokines level of M1 phenotype cytokines was increased at 6 h after stroke and peaked at 24 h after perfusion. However, the cytokines level of M2 phenotype was decreased at 6 h and 24 h following reperfusion. The Tat-CX3CL1 (357-395aa) facilitated microglial polarization from M1 type to M2 type by reducing the production of soluble CX3CL1. Furthermore, ADAM17 inhibitor GW280264x could restrain the polarization of microglia from M1 to M2 via reducing soluble CX3CL1 formation. Moreover, Tat-CX3CL1 (357-395aa) attenuated long-term cognitive deficits and improved white matter integrity. Conclusions﻿Blocking the binding between CX3CL1 and PSD-93 by Tat-CX3CL1 (357-395aa) could facilitate the functional recovery after ischemic stroke by promoting M1 to M2 microglial polarization transformation. Tat-CX3CL1 (357-395aa) may be a potent agent for ischemic stroke treatment.
Procalcitonin to Guide Antibacterial Prescribing in Patients Hospitalised with COVID- 19
Authors: Hughes Stephen , Mughal Nabeela , Moore Luke SP 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: Antibacterial prescribing in patients presenting with COVID-19 remains discordant to rates of bacterial co-infection. Implementing diagnostic tests to exclude bacterial infection may aid reduction in antibacterial prescribing. Method: A retrospective observational analysis was undertaken of all hospitalised patients with COVID-19 across a single-site NHS acute Trust (London, UK) from 01/12/20-28/2/21. Electronic patient records were used to identify patients, clinical data, and outcomes. Procalcitonin (PCT) serum assays, where available on admission, were analysed against electronic prescribing records for antibacterial prescribing to determine relationships with a negative PCT result (<0.25mg/L) and antibacterial course length. Results: Antibacterial agents were initiated on admission in 310/624 (49.7%) of patients presenting with COVID-19. 33/74 (44.5%) patients with a negative PCT on admission had their treatment stopped within 24 hours. 6/49 (12.2%) patients who had antibacterials started but a positive PCT had their treatment stopped. Microbiologically confirmed bacterial infection was low (19/594; 3.2%); no correlation was seen with PCT and culture positivity (p=1). Lower mortality (15.6% vs 31.4%;p=0.049), length of hospital stay (7.9days vs 10.1days;p=0.044), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (13.9% vs 40.8%;p=0.001) were seen among patients with low PCT. Conclusion: This retrospective analysis of community acquired COVID-19 patients demonstrates the potential role of PCT in excluding bacterial co-infection. A negative PCT on admission correlates with shorter antimicrobial courses, early cessation of therapy and predicts lower frequency of ICU admission. Low PCT may support decision making in cessation of antibacterials at the 48-72 hour review.
Empirical Study on Characteristics of Angled Spoke-Based Wheels on Granular Media
Authors: Lee Kungwook , Ahn Sahoon , Yoo Kwan Yeong , Yoon Dupyo , Seo TaeWon 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, the optimal shape of angled spoke-based wheels (ASWs) was designed to maximize the driving speed of a mobile robot with ASWs on granular media. As a lightweight search and rescue mobile robot, it is required to have a high driving speed to reach the disaster site quickly. When granular media behave as fluids, slippage occurs, and the mobile robot slows down compared with when the media behave similarly to a solid ground. There are no exact criteria to explain the behavior of granular media. Therefore, the Taguchi method and L9(34) orthogonal array were employed to empirically optimize the shape of the ASW. The design variables evaluated were the motor RPM, width–height proportion of the foot, radius of curvature, and toe angle of the foot. The size of the ocher balls was adopted as the user condition. An orthogonal array and signal–to–noise (S/N) ratio were used to analyze the validity of the design variables. The optimal design variables of the ASW were a motor RPM of 6000, width–height proportion of 3:7, radius of curvature of 1.0×h, and toe angle of 15deg. Verification experiments were performed to evaluate the improved driving speed of the ASW. The angular velocity of the ASW increases by 2.79% for φ1 (mm) and 10.50% for φ6 (mm). Therefore, an optimized ASW design is expected to improve the driving speed of a mobile robot with ASWs.
Intravenous Iron Administered the Day before Total Knee Arthroplasty Improves Postoperative Anemia Recovery
Authors: Kang Min Wook , Jung Ho Jung , Kim Joong Il 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) involves significant blood loss, which increases the risk for postoperative anemia and allogenic blood transfusion. Intravenous (IV) iron supplementation protects against postoperative anemia; however, the effectiveness of IV iron, given one day before TKA, on postoperative anemia and transfusion rates is unknown.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using two consecutive groups of patients who underwent TKA. One group received 500 mg iron isomaltoside intravenously one day before TKA (iron group, n=46), whereas the other group did not (non-iron group, n=46). After propensity score matching, transfusion rate, hemoglobin (Hb) level, ferritin and transferrin saturation, and rate of functional iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were compared at postoperative days (PODs) 2, 4, 6, and 14.Results: Age, sex, body mass index, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status score did not differ between the groups. The iron group had higher Hb levels at POD 14 (p=0.021) and higher ferritin and transferrin saturation at PODs 2, 4, 6, and 14 than the non-iron group. The rate of functional IDA was significantly higher in the non-iron group than in the iron group at PODs 2 (p<0.001), 4 (p<0.001), 6 (p=0.001), and 14 (p=0.002). The rate of transfusion was not different between the groups (p=0.238).Conclusion: IV iron administered one day before TKA improved postoperative anemia recovery, but did not lower the postoperative transfusion rate. Because approximately half of the patients undergoing TKA experience postoperative functional IDA, clinicians should consider IV iron supplementation to improve iron availability.
Evalution of Substitution of Bark With Small Branches of Stereospermum Chelonoides DC and Quantitative Estimation of Lapachol By HPLC
Authors: Meena Ajay Kumar , R. Ilavarasan , Prakash Om , Perumal Ayyam , Singh Ravindra , N. Srikanth , Dhiman K.S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Stereospermum chelonoides DC, also known as padhri, is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Bignoniaceae family and is commonly used in herbal medicine. Natural materials separated from a variety of traditional herbal plants have been claimed to have had a significant impact on the development of numerous lead compounds used in the treatment of health issues in communities all over the world. The plant stem bark and small branches is used in traditional and folklore medicine to treat a variety of ailments. The aim of this study is to assess the pharmacognostic and physicochemical analysis of Stereospermum chelonoides stem bark and small branches. The stem is used for the study of characters; whereas physicochemical parameters such as pH, total ash content, acid insoluble ash, water soluble extractive, alcohol soluble extractive, loss on drying are determined. Results: Preliminary phytochemical studies of ethanolic and aqueous extract of Stereospermum chelonoides DC ascertained the presence of flavonoids, saponins, Coumarins, Alkaloids, Furanoids, phenolic, Quinones, Reducing sugars, Sugars (Carbohydrate), triterpenoids, and tannins. The findings of the present study lay down standards which could be useful to detect the authenticity and for detailed evaluation and investigation of this plant. Lapachol which is indicated in the High Performance Liquid Chromatography, further studies may be conducted on the method validation by High Performance Liquid Chromatography to quantify in formulations, extracts and raw materials for quality control purpose. Conclusion: The stem bark and small branches of this plant useful in the future as it will not have any harmful effect to the plant so its small branches are more important than stem bark in the formulation of drugs which will derive from Stereospermum chelonoides DC.
Worcester Educator Climate Assembly: Promoting Sustainability Leadership through Participation. A Community Approach to Education in Climate Emergency
Authors: Lengthorn Elena , Asbury Megan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Our urgent state of “Climate Emergency,” as declared by the UK Government on 1st May 2019, has done little to change our secondary education system or educational leadership. As we collectively begin to move into acceptance of the irreversible nature of a portion of the environmental damage and its long-term consequences, we need to explore the purpose and practice of education and educational leadership in climate emergency. How should we prepare teachers and educators to lead and develop young people in a time of climate crisis and who should be involved in making the decisions? This article reports on the findings of a Green Impact project, an online Educator Climate Assembly that took place on World Environment Day 2021, with West Midlands education stakeholder participants. The following themes are explored: responsibility, process complexity, confidence, sense of scale and communities of practice, with an invitation to readers to adapt this process and use it in their own education settings. Suggested further research includes trialing the process in a range of settings and a longitudinal approach to measuring the impacts.
The Potential and Analysis of ctDNA Sequencing in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ding Yubo , Yao Jingwei , Huang Jialu , Zhang Minghui , Zhang Yu , Lv Yufan , Xie Zhuoyi , Zuo JianHong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The Genome map of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is complex. We used the next generation of targeted sequencing technology to decipher the mutations in patients with liver cancerMethods: The circulating tumor cell DNA (ctDNA) of 10 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (Including 8 cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and 2 cases of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma) were sequenced. We used SAMtools to detect and screen single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and insertion deletion (INDEL) mutations, and ANNOVAR to annotate the structure and function of the detected mutations.Results: Targeted capture and deep sequencing of 560 cancer-related genes in 10 liver cancer ctDNA samples showed 8950 single nucleotide variations (SNVS) mutations and 70 INDELS. The most common mutation gene was PDE4DIP, followed by SYNE1, KMT2C, PKHD1 and FN1. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines, we authenticated 54 pathogenic and possible pathogenic mutations in 39 genes in exons and splice regions of 10 patients with HCC.Conclusion: Our research provides the gene mutation map of Chinese hepatocarcinoma patients, and enriches the understanding of the pathogenesis of HCC.
Tadalafil Improves Erectile Dysfunction and Quality Of Life in Men with Cirrhosis: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial
Authors: Jagdish Rakesh K , Kamaal Ahmed , Shasthry Saggere M , Benjamin Jaya , Maiwall Rakhi , Jindal Ankur , Choudhary Ashok , Rajan Vijayaraghavan , Arora Vinod , Bhardwaj Ankit , Kumar Guresh , Kumar Manoj , Sarin Shiv K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background and Aims: Patients with cirrhosis have high prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED). The aim of this study was to study the efficacy and safety of tadalafil for ED in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: 140 cirrhotic males with ED were randomized into tadalafil 10 mg daily (n = 70) or placebo (n = 70) for 12 weeks. ED was diagnosed if erectile function (EF) domain score was < 25 in International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. Primary outcome was proportion of patients having an increase in > 5 points in EF domain of the IIEF. Results: At end of 12 weeks, more patients in tadalafil group achieved > 5 points increase in the EF domain of the IIEF as compared to the placebo group [44(62.9%) vs. 21(30%), P < 0.001]. At the end of 12 weeks, patients receiving tadalafil had significantly more change in scores on the erectile function domain, orgasmic function domain, intercourse satisfaction domain, overall satisfaction domain, erection vaginal penetration rates and successful intercourse; significantly more decline in the GAD-7 and PHQ- 9 scores; significantly more improvement in scores of five of the eight domains of SF-36 (general health perception, vitality score, social functioning, role emotional, and mental health), and the mental component summary rates as compared to placebo. The development of side effects and the changes in HVPG were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Tadalafil therapy significantly enhanced erectile function, improved anxiety, depression and quality of life, and was well tolerated by cirrhotic men with ED. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier number: NCT03566914; first posted date: June 25, 2018).
Electroacupuncture Alleviates Functional Dyspepsia by Targeting miR-221-3p to Regulate c-kit/SCF and Raf/Erk Signaling
Authors: Xu Paidi , Zhou Li , Kang Zhaoxia , Fan Jianchao , Pan Xiaoli , Zhang Xiaoming , Li Jia , Cao Yan , Huang Hao , Du Yanjun , Zhang Hongxing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a gastrointestinal disorder associated with epigastric pain and fullness, with symptoms such as anxiety and depression. Electroacupuncture (EA) has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat FD via electrical stimulation at specific acupoints of the body and has previously been demonstrated to be effective in promoting gastric motility and attenuating the symptoms of FD. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of EA remain elusive.Results: Herein, we constructed an in vivo model of FD in rats and performed EA on FD-induced rats. Preliminary bioinformatic analysis through RNA sequencing revealed that differentially expressed microRNAs exist between non-treated and EA-treated rats subjected to EA. Among them, miR-221-3p was associated with the target gene c-kit, the expression of which is closely linked to interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and gap junction intercellular communication, factors critically implicated in gastrointestinal motility. We further proved that miR-221-3p overexpression aggravated FD, but EA downregulated miR-221-3p to alleviate the symptoms of FD. The mechanisms of action underlying the effect of EA involve an increase in c-kit+ ICCs, upregulation of stem cell factor and connexin 43, and enhanced Raf/Erk signaling.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that EA is an effective method of managing FD by regulating miR-221-3p, the c-kit/stem cell factor axis, and Raf/Erk signaling, reinforcing the strong role of gap junction intercellular communication in gastrointestinal motility.
Galectin-1: a Potential Biomarker Differentiating Between Early Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Triguero-Martínez Ana , Roy-Vallejo Emilia , Tomero Eva , Montes Nuria , fuente Hortensia de la , Ortíz Ana María , Castañeda Santos , Lamana Amalia , Gonzalez-Alvaro Isidoro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Galectin 1 (Gal1) is a lectin highly expressed in immune cells that plays a key immunoregulatory role in autoimmunity and resolution of chronic inflammation. Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are a broad group of disorders that share pathogenic mechanisms involving components of acquired and innate immunity. Although IMIDs can develop at onset similar features such as peripheral arthritis, they show differences in their evolution and response to treatments. Therefore, additional diagnostic biomarkers are needed in order to get a better classification of patients with early arthritis, especially those not fulfilling specific classification criteria. In this regard, we have recently described that Gal1 serum levels are increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to healthy donors (HD). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate Gal1 levels in serum and synovial fluid from spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients in comparison with RA patients in order to determine their value as a diagnostic biomarker.Methods: We studied Gal1 levels in serum samples from SpA (n=55) and RA patients (n=52). In addition, 49 HD were studied. We also measured Gal1 synovial fluid levels in RA (n=26), osteoarthritis (OA) (n=26) and peripheral SpA (n=26). In SpA patients, clinical parameters were also collected in order to evaluate their association with Gal1 serum levels. Results: We found that SpA patients showed significantly lower Gal1 serum levels than RA patients and similar levels to the general population. In SpA patients, Gal1 synovial fluid levels were similar to those of OA patients and significantly lower than in RA patients. In addition, we did not find any correlation between Gal1 serum levels and clinical parameters of severity in SpA patients.Conclusions: Our results suggest that Gal1 might be a potential diagnostic biomarker of RA that could allow distinguishing between SpA and RA patients.
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Sepsis for MIMIC-III Patients
Authors: Zhao Xuze , Qu Bo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is one of the dominating causes of mortality and morbidity in-hospital especially in intensive care units (ICU) patients. Therefore, a reliable decision-making model for predicting sepsis is of great importance. The purpose of this study was to develop an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) based model and explore whether it performs better in predicting sepsis from the time of admission in intensive care units (ICU) than other machine learning (ML) methods. Methods: The source data used for model establishment in this study were from a retrospective medical information mart for intensive care (MIMIC) III dataset, restricted to intensive care units (ICUs) patients aged between 18 and 89. Model performance of the XGBoost model was compared to logistic regression (LR), recursive neural network (RNN), and support vector machine (SVM). Then, the performances of the models were evaluated and compared by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results: A total of 6430 MIMIC-III cases are included in this article, in which, 3021 cases have encountered sepsis while 3409 cases have not, respectively. As for the AUC (0.808 (95% CI): 0.767-0.848,DT), 0.802 (95%CI: 0.762-0.842，RNN), 0.790 (95%CI: 0.751-0.830,SVM), 0.775 (95%CI: 0.736-0.813,LR) , results of the models, XGBoost performs best in predicting sepsis.Conclusions: By using the DT algorithm, a more accurate prediction model can be established. Amongst other ML methods, the XGBoost model demonstrated the best ability in detecting the sepsis of the patients in ICU.