bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrevista a Irene Truffello Componovo
Authors: Llaña Mena Monica 
Published: January 2021

La educación no puede jugar un papel pasivo, de simple observadora de los acontecimientos y transformaciones que conmueven profundamente a la sociedad contemporánea. Por el contrario, debe contribuir a la concreción de un efectivo acceso a los bienes culturales disponibles en la sociedad de la información, de avasalladora penetración y presencia en la vida actual. La educación debe ser capaz de adoptar las nuevas tecnologías como experiencias de aprendizaje y de pensamiento diferentes que constituyen, además, estilos educativos distintos.
El Departamento de Educación tiene ya una larga experiencia en investigación en el área del proceso de aprendizaje y, actualmente, se encuentra abocado a la ejecución de un proyecto financiado por Fondef en el ámbito del diseño y evaluación de unidades modulares en la línea de lenguaje y comunicación como recursos interactivos apoyados en la reforma a través de Internet.
La Directora del proyecto "Infoeduca: Contenidos educacionales evaluados que potencien masivamente el proceso de aprendizaje significativo a través de Internet" y Directora del Departamento de Educación de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Chile comenta las características y proyecciones de este proyecto, avalado por muchos años de investigación en el área.
Comunidad de Aprendizaje
Authors: Castillo Narváez Julio 
Published: January 2021

El país ha iniciado una Reforma Educacional que busca una actualización del currículum y una profunda renovación en las metas, en los contenidos, en las metodologías de enseñanza y de evaluación y en la forma de gestión directiva. Esta
vasta empresa de país iniciada en la Enseñanza Básica, en 1994, requiere de todos los apoyos estratégicos que permitan diversificar la oferta educativa, generando condiciones de equidad en el acceso a una experiencia educativa que se ha definido como una "formación integral ... [que) sea relevante para la vida integral de alumnos y alumnas, con independencia de sus opciones al egreso"Una alternativa válida para los objetivos que persigue la reforma es el Modelo Enseñanza Aprendizaje de Inteligencias Múltiples, creado por la Dra. Ellen Weberz, el cual busca generar una comunidad de aprendizaje entre profesores y alumnos. No obstante, su puesta en práctica conlleva un cambio importante en los roles del profesor, del alumno y de los directivos del establecimiento, así como un cambio en la organización escolar. A nivel de roles, significa que los actuales ocupantes deben modificar lo que hasta ahora han realizado, por nuevas prácticas que, en muchos casos, no forman parte de las descripciones iniciales a las que estaban habituados. A nivel de organización, la construcción de una comunidad de aprendizaje exige una concepción más efectiva de la organización del trabajo escolar.
Cambio y difusión curricular
Authors: Silva Águila Manuel 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo, inserto en un Proyecto de Investigación DID, busca comprender los procesos socioculturales que enmarcan las propuestas de cambio curricular. Aspectos claves en la trayectoria de los procesos de cambio y difusión
curricular lo ocupan dos ideas: a) la calidad de la decodificación de las nuevas prescripciones; b) la estrecha relación entre cambio curricular y cambio organizacional. Dentro de estos fenómenos, se analizan los modelos de difusión curricular, el papel de las culturas al interior de la organización, y los modelos de concreción curricular que mediatizan y hacen posible o inhiben el logro de las finalidades educativas que orientan el cambio curricular.
Algunas contribuciones de las neurociencias a la educación
Authors: Saavedra Livoni María de los Ángeles 
Published: January 2021

El objeto de este trabajo es dar a conocer algunas conclusiones de investigadores en educación que parten de hallazgos recientes de estudios sobre el cerebro. Estos piden un cambio de enfoque en la metodología enseñanza-aprendizaje, más conectado con el funcionamiento del organismo que aprende.
La forma de incorporación del conocimiento proveniente del avance de estos estudios, se puede apreciar y reconocer en la teoría de las Inteligencias Múltiples de Howard Gardner y en los criterios biológicos que le permiten separarlas. Están también contenidos en los cuestionarios de interés que diferencian las inteligencias (de Branton Shearer - MIDAS) y en la forma de enseñanza con la técnica MITA de E. Weber.	.	,
La idea principal es reconocer que dadas las diferencias individuales en las aptitudes y habilidades del alumno, la enseñanza debe también emplear múltiples aproximaciones que lleguen a conexiones cerebrales facilitadas, en un mayor número de alumnos, para despertar la comprensión, el significado y la motivación por aprender.
Genetic effects of eelgrass restoration efforts by fishers' seeding to recover seagrass beds as an important natural capital for coastal ecosystem services
Authors: Hori Masakazu , Sato Masaaki 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe reestablishment of seagrass vegetation is a vital part of recovering coastal marine ecosystem services. Historically the Hinase area was a famous for the fishing by coastal pound netting in eelgrass beds, but this practice was progressively displaced with oyster farming due to an enormous decline in seagrass vegetation. For several decades, the local fishers' cooperative has worked to restore eelgrass beds by a seeding method. Through these efforts, seagrass vegetation in their fishing area has increased to about half of their previous area. This study examined the effect of long‐term seeding by fishers on the recovery of eelgrass beds in the Hinase area, based on analysis of eelgrass genetic structure using microsatellite markers. Specimens for the DNA analysis were collected from each of all eelgrass meadows that the fishers conducted sowing eelgrass seeds as well as from the source sites where they collected the seeds. The results found that restored beds in the study area have high genetic diversity comparable to natural ones. The multiple regression analysis revealed that a combined model of seedling intensity and geographic distance (R2 = .457) better explained genetic structure across our sampling sites than models of seedling intensity (R2 = .092) or geographic distance only (R2 = .344). This supports that the eelgrass seeds they sowed did not disturb the genetic structure but rather supplemented natural dispersal, suggesting that the fishers' seeding did not develop nonnatural seagrass meadows but certainly contributed to the recovery of natural seagrass meadows.
CT imaging of gold nanoparticles in a human‐sized phantom
Authors: Oumano Michael , Russell Liz , Salehjahromi Morteza , Shanshan Lou , Sinha Neeharika , Ngwa Wilfred , Yu Hengyong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are visualized and quantified in a human‐sized phantom with a clinical MDCT scanner.MethodsExperiments were conducted with AuNPs between 0.00171 and 200 mgAu/mL. CT images were acquired at 80, 100, 120, and 140 kVp in a 33‐cm phantom. Image contrast due to AuNPs was experimentally determined from regions of interest (ROIs) and effective linear attenuation coefficients were calculated from CT x‐ray spectra with consideration of tissue attenuation.ResultsThe typical 12‐bit dynamic range of CT images was exceeded for AuNPs at 150 mgAu/mL. A threshold concentration of 0.3–1.4 mgAu/mL was determined for human visualization in 1‐mm images at a typical diagnostic CTDIvol of 23.6 mGy. Optimal image contrast was also achieved at 120 kVp and verified by calculation.ConclusionsWe have shown that scanners capable of reconstructing images with extended Hounsfield scales are required for distinguishing any contrast differences above 150 mgAu/mL. We have also shown that AuNPs result in optimal image contrast at 120 kVp in a human‐sized phantom due to gold’s 80.7 keV k‐edge and the attenuation of x‐rays by tissue. Typical CT contrast agents, like iodine, require the use of lower kVps for optimal visualization, but lower kVps are more difficult to implement in the clinic because of elevated noise levels, elongated scan times, and/or beam‐hardening artifacts. This indicates another significant advantage of AuNPs over iodine not yet discussed in the literature.
Description and results of birth defects surveillance and follow‐up programs in Bogotá and Cali, Colombia, 2002–2019
Authors: Zarante Ignacio , Carreño‐Martinez Angie Carolina , Ibañez Lina Maria , Gracia Gloria , Blandón Esperanza , Perez Gladys , Holguín Jorge , Hurtado‐Villa Paula 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBirth defects are structural or functional defects present at birth and are caused by different factors that affect intrauterine development. They are the second most common cause of death under five years of age in Latin America and the Caribbean. In Bogotá and Cali, Colombia, there are two surveillance programs established to evaluate the prevalence of them. The purpose of the following article is to describe the experience and results of the surveillance of the Birth Defects Surveillance Programs in Bogotá and Cali, Colombia, 2002‐2019. The information was taken from the surveillance programs that have an active hospital system in some institutions of the city (ECLAMC modality), and use data from the passive national system (Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública ‐ SIVIGILA) to expand their coverage. From 2002 until 2019, 1,289.650 births have been monitored through one of the surveillance programs, including both methodologies. The importance of surveillance programs relies on the amount of data obtained that allows the development of research, the detection of potential changes throughout time, and the guidance of public policies to improve promotion and prevention strategies.
Quantifying dementia prevention potential in the FINGER randomized controlled trial using the LIBRA prevention index
Authors: Deckers Kay , Köhler Sebastian , Ngandu Tiia , Antikainen Riitta , Laatikainen Tiina , Soininen Hilkka , Strandberg Timo , Verhey Frans , Kivipelto Miia , Solomon Alina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionIndividuals in early dementia prevention trials may differ in how much they benefit from interventions depending on their initial risk level. Additionally, modifiable dementia risk scores might be used as surrogate/intermediate outcomes.MethodsIn the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER), we investigated in post hoc analyses (N = 1207) whether the cognitive benefits of the 2‐year multi‐domain lifestyle intervention differed by baseline dementia risk measured with the “LIfestyle for BRAin Health” (LIBRA) score. We also investigated intervention effects on change in LIBRA score over time.ResultsOverall, higher baseline LIBRA was related to less cognitive improvement over time. This association did not differ between the intervention and control groups. The intervention was effective in decreasing LIBRA scores over time, regardless of baseline demographics or cognition.DiscussionThe cognitive benefit of the FINGER intervention was similar across individuals with different LIBRA scores at baseline. Furthermore, LIBRA may be useful as a surrogate/intermediate endpoint and surveillance tool to monitor intervention success during trial execution.
The application of Green Lean Six Sigma
Authors: Gholami Hamed , Jamil Norhazrina , Mat Saman Muhamad Zameri , Streimikiene Dalia , Sharif Safian , Zakuan Norhayati 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGreen Lean Six Sigma has been recently clarified to improve the environmental sustainability performance of operations, but it seems glaringly scarce and in need of cutting‐edge studies to integrate the concepts of green, lean, and Six Sigma into one unified application. This paper is accordingly aimed at constituting the application of Green Lean Six Sigma as a cleaner production. In doing so, a Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (DMAIC)‐based approach that is one of Six Sigma's well‐known methods was proposed to systematize a Green Lean tool—environmental value stream mapping. Thus, this paper as one of the preliminary studies aligns environmental value stream mapping with DMAIC through presenting the proposed methodological approach, which relies on the five DMAIC phases—Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control—and considers green wastes in each phase simultaneously. To support the narrow body of knowledge, this proposed approach was validated via the action research‐oriented case study implemented in the substrate manufacturing system that seeks to develop the environmental sustainability of its production processes and subsequently its general competitiveness. The findings indicated the effectiveness of a DMAIC‐based approach in systematizing environmental value stream mapping and improving its efficacy to achieve environmental sustainability. The case analysis revealed that the application can significantly lessen the consumption of chemicals and energy in the system by 28% and 21%, respectively.
Adrenal pheochromocytoma treated by combination of adrenal arterial embolization and radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Kako Yasukazu , Ueki Ryusuke , Yamamoto Shingo , Takaki Haruyuki , Aoki Yoshitaka , Yokoyama Osamu , Yamakado Koichiro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCombined therapy with adrenal arterial embolization and RF ablation may represent a useful therapeutic option with curative properties in select patients with pheochromocytoma.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the scale‐up criterion of solid‐viscous fluid mixing in a stirred tank
Authors: Lin Daiqi , Wei Hongyuan , Song Erjia , Ng Boonho , He Ting , Dang Leping 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe scale‐up of mixing processes is crucial for process engineering and power optimization in the chemical industry. Scale‐up of fluid mixing in stirred systems becomes a challenging task, especially when using non‐Newtonian fluids. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been applied to simulate the solid‐liquid mixing of silica particles with non‐Newtonian fluids of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solutions (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0). The model is validated by experimental measurement of power consumption and solid‐phase concentration. The scale‐up criterion based on geometric similarity and constant tip speed is proved to be valid for non‐Newtonian systems by comparing kinematic similarity. The transformation of flow regime is discussed based on modified Reynolds number and local Reynolds number. The scale‐up criterion performs well in terms of the scale effect of power consumption, especially for the CMC2.0 solution system. This study is instructive for the scale‐up of non‐Newtonian fluid mixing in stirred tanks.
Empirical analysis of debt maturity, cash holdings and firm investment in developing economies
Authors: Nnadi Matthias , Surichamorn Vachiraporn , Jayasekera Ranadeva , Belghitar Yacine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the potential simultaneous relationships among leverage, debt maturity and cash holdings and how these jointly affect financial policy and firms' investment activities in developing countries of Thailand, Indonesia and Singapore during the period 2006–2015. Using the two‐step system GMM estimator, our results show that high‐growth firms not only shorten debt maturity to reduce the underinvestment incentive, but also decrease leverage to reduce liquidity risk. We find evidence that the level of cash holdings is a key determinant of leverage in all countries and that debt policy and growth opportunities affect the investment decision of firms in Thailand and Singapore whereas cash policy is more important in Indonesia. These findings have significant implications for investment decisions in these economies.
Effects of neonatal lung abnormalities on parenchymal R2* estimates
Authors: Hahn Andrew D. , Malkus Annelise , Kammerman Jeffery , Higano Nara , Walkup Laura L. , Woods Jason , Fain Sean B. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInfants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) often suffer from multifaceted pulmonary morbidities that are not well understood. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising technique for pulmonary imaging in this population without requiring exposure to ionizing radiation. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of neonatal pulmonary disease on R2* and tissue density and to utilize numerical simulations to evaluate the effect of different alveolar structures on predicted R2*.This was a prospective study, in which 17 neonatal human subjects (five control, seven with bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD], five with congenital diaphragmatic hernia [CDH]) were enrolled. Twelve subjects were male and five were female, with postmenstrual age (PMA) at MRI of 39.7 ± 4.7 weeks. A 1.5T/multiecho three‐dimensional UTE MRI was used. Pulmonary R2* and tissue density were compared across disease groups over the whole lung and regionally. A spherical shell alveolar model was used to predict the expected R2* over a range of tissue densities and tissue susceptibilities. Tests for significantly different mean R2* and tissue densities across disease groups were evaluated using analysis of variance, with subsequent pairwise group comparisons performed using t tests. Lung tissue density was lower in the ipsilateral lung in CDH compared to both controls and BPD patients (both p < 0.05), while only the contralateral lung in CDH (CDHc) had higher whole‐lung R2* than both controls and BPD (both p < 0.05). R2* differences were significant between controls and CDHc within all tissue density ranges (all p < 0.05) with the exception of the 80%–90% range (p = 0.17). Simulations predicted an inverse relationship between alveolar tissue density and R2* that matches empirical human data. Alveolar wall thickness had no effect on R2* independent of density (p = 1). The inverse relationship between R2* and tissue density is influenced by the presence of disease globally and regionally in neonates with BPD and CDH in the NICU.Level of Evidence2.Technical Efficacy Stage2.
Comparison of the effectiveness of variable selection method for creating a diagnostic panel of biomarkers for mass spectrometric lipidome analysis
Authors: Tokareva Alisa O. , Chagovets Vitaliy V. , Kononikhin Alexey S. , Starodubtseva Natalia L. , Nikolaev Evgeny N. , Frankevich Vladimir E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHundreds of compounds are detected during untargeted lipidomics analysis. The potential efficacy of lipids as disease markers makes it important to select the species with the most discriminative potential. Datasets based on a selected class of lipids allow the development of a high‐quality diagnostic model using orthogonal projection on latent structure. The combination of selection of lipids by variable importance in projection and by Akaike information criteria makes it possible to build a reliable diagnostic model based on logistic regression.
Compatibilizing effect and reinforcing efficiency of nanosilica on ethylene‐propylene diene monomer/chloroprene rubber blends
Authors: Eslami Zahra , Mirzapour Miraidin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study shows an approach of compatibilization between ethylene‐propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and Chloroprene Rubber (CR) by using nanosilica (SiO2) as a compatibilizer and, at the same time, as a strong reinforcing nanofiller. The effect of nanosilica and rubber composition was studied on microstructure and mechanical properties of the cured EPDM/CR/SiO2. The microstructure of compounds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, which demonstrated that the observed nanoSiO2 were in both EPDM and CR phases. It was found that the addition of nanosilica had massive improvement on modulus, tensile strength, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of the samples. With the incorporation of just 10 phr nano‐SiO2, the storage modulus above the glass transition region of CR50 increased from about 3.9 to 7.16 MPa. Moreover, the investigation of glass transition temperature (Tg) values showed that the compatibility of EPDM and CR in the compound enhanced with the addition of nanosilica, which in turn contributes to improving the properties of compounds. In addition, the results of mechanical properties of the samples revealed that the tensile strength, elongation at break and modulus of CR50 after modifying with 10 phr of nanosilica increased by around 398%, 33%, and 135%, respectively.
Using the GDELT Dataset to Analyse the Italian Sovereign Bond Market
Authors: Consoli Sergio , Pezzoli Luca Tiozzo , Tosetti Elisa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Global Data on Events, Location, and Tone (GDELT) is a real time large scale database of global human society for open research which monitors worlds broadcast, print, and web news, creating a free open platform for computing on the entire world’s media. In this work, we first describe a data crawler, which collects metadata of the GDELT database in real-time and stores them in a big data management system based on Elasticsearch, a popular and efficient search engine relying on the Lucene library. Then, by exploiting and engineering the detailed information of each news encoded in GDELT, we build indicators capturing investor’s emotions which are useful to analyse the sovereign bond market in Italy. By using regression analysis and by exploiting the power of Gradient Boosting models from machine learning, we find that the features extracted from GDELT improve the forecast of country government yield spread, relative that of a baseline regression where only conventional regressors are included. The improvement in the fitting is particularly relevant during the period government crisis in May-December 2018.
Care Work and Parenting
Authors: Suwada Katarzyna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis chapter deals with the organisation of care work by Polish parents. Using the data from in-depth interviews and survey data, I demonstrate cultural norms about care that prevails in Polish society. Strong gendered norms and instruments of family policy shape different opportunity structures for men and women. I focus on how parental leaves are used and perceived by Polish parents. I argue that they are still seen primarily as women’s right. I analyse the reasoning lying behind such thinking, but also show the experiences of parents who decided to share the leave. Then I proceed to the organisation of care in the context of so-called care gap. The Polish system of parental leaves is incompatible with the system of institutional care for children. Consequently, in the period between the end of paid leave and the time when a child can go to a kindergarten parents have to develop different strategies how to provide care for their children. I show how these strategies differ in the context of economic inequalities, as well as what consequences care gap has on gender inequalities. Finally, the chapter finishes with the analysis of how care work is perceived by parents.
Domestic Work and Parenting
Authors: Suwada Katarzyna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis chapter deals with the last type of work distinguished in the beginning of the book—domestic work. Domestic work is often perceived as the most undesirable type of work. I describe here different attitudes of men and women to domestic work. My analysis shows great gender inequalities. Men are still perceived as helpers of women, whereas women are overwhelmed with the obligation to manage everyday life of their families. I distinguish different strategies used by men to avoid domestic duties, as well as women’s attitudes to them. The chapter deals also with the concept of fairness. I show how parents define fairness and I argue that fairness does not have to mean equality in the division of domestic work. The chapter finishes with the strategies of reducing the number of hours devoted to domestic duties. It shows how that economic inequalities cannot be ignored when discussing this issue, as well as various situations of single and coupled parents.