bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kết quả hoạt động của đơn vị phẫu thuật tim mạch - Lồng ngực, Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội sau 1 năm thành lập
Authors: Tu Vu Ngoc , Hung Doan Quoc , Thang Nguyen Duy , Huy Nguyen Anh , Gia Nguyen Duy 
Published: January 2021

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đơn vị Phẫu thuật Tim mạch – Lồng ngực (PT TM – LN) mới được thành lập. Tổng kết hoạt động của Đơn vị sau 1 năm có ý nghĩa quan trọng để hoàn thiện qui trình, kĩ thuật và định hướng phát triển trong tương lai.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu theo phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang tất cả bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật tim mạch, lồng ngực trong khoảng thời gian từ tháng 10/ 2019 đến 10/ 2020.
Kết quả: Có 252 ca phẫu thuật, trong đó có 64 ca phẫu thuật tim hở, 70 ca phẫu thuật lồng ngực và 118 ca mổ mạch máu. Phẫu thuật nhiều mặt bệnh đa dạng của tim mạch – lồng ngực, như phẫu thuật lóc động mạch chủ loại A, thay van, sửa van tim, phẫu thuật bệnh lý mạch máu như mạch cảnh, động mạch chủ bụng, thiếu máu mạn tính chi hay các bệnh lý phổi, trung thất, lồng ngực. Các kỹ thuật hybrid (phẫu thuật và can thiệp đồng thời) cho bệnh lý mạch máu chi, bệnh động mạch chủ ...
Kết luận: Qua một năm hoạt động, mặc dù còn nhiều khó khăn và hạn chế, Đơn vị đã triển khai thành công các phẫu thuật chuyên sâu về tim mạch – lồng ngực.
On the edge of sense: nonsense and paradox in Edward Lear’s and Qorpo Santo’s selected works
Authors: Marques Granato Fernanda , Bastazin Vera 
Published: January 2021

In this article, we delineate the relationship between nonsense, opposition and paradox in selected excerpts of the works of Edward Lear (1812-1888) and Qorpo Santo (1829-1883), considering nonsense and paradox in the light of the theories proposed mainly by Gilles Deleuze and Charles Ogden and secondarily by Jean Jacques Lecercle, Wim Tigges and Ferdinand Saussure. This article seeks to understand the relationship between sense and nonsense in relation to the way these theorists articulate the productive tension that exists between other kinds of binary relationships. Research carried out about the relationship between nonsense theories and the binary opposites delineated by pairs and more precisely about Edward Lear and Qorpo Santo has been extremely scarce, and this article seeks to contribute to the related literary scholarship.
Re-politicizing Mental Illness: Reflections on Boredom and Depression in American Post-postmodern Fiction
Authors: Pirnajmuddin Hossein , Khodambashi Kaveh , Abbasi Pyeaam 
Published: January 2021

Figurations of psychological problems, mental illness, boredom, depression, addiction and medication abound in post-postmodern fiction. David Foster Wallace's Infinite Jest and The Pale King and Jonathan Franzen's The Corrections are cases in point. Apparently, what these works share in common are the material and psycho-biological explanations that they hint at or provide for the various mental problems and disorders experienced by the characters. These pertain to the specific socio-economic and cultural mode characterizing the contemporary scene. Drawing on the insights provided by Franco Berardi the present article tries to shed light on the significance of such figurations. Keywords: Davis Foster Wallace; Jonathan Franzen; Franco Berardi; boredom; depression.
Unveiling the Contemporary in Virginia Woolf
Authors: Fagundes Patricia 
Published: January 2021

This article aims to discuss Virginia Woolf’s critical appraisal of the contemporariness of her contemporaries’ production, focusing on her 1923 essay “How It Strikes a Contemporary”. To that end, it contextualizes the publication of The Common Reader – First Series (1925) so as to problematize its conversational quality as a philosophical principle inherent to Woolf’s oeuvre (Pinho 2020). A comparison is also drawn between Woolf’s “How It Strikes a Contemporary” and Giorgio Agamben’s “What Is the Contemporary?” (2009) in order to shed light on the intersections between contemporary philosophy and the philosophical questions we find in Woolf’s writing.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF PADA PT. TELKOM PONTIANAK
Authors: Fadli Mochammad Faisal 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT This study is to determine how marketing strategies to increase competitive advantage at PT. Telkom Pontianak. The number of respondents was 18 respondents. The instrument used for data collection was in the form of a Likert scale questionnaire This study uses a descriptive method in the form of a questionnaire, which is an information collection technique that allows the analysis to study attitudes, behaviors, and characteristics, some of the main people in the organization who can be influenced by the proposed system or by the existing system. Based on data analysis, agree that price, product, promotion and distribution are factors that affect the level of marketing strategy. Constraints faced by PT. Telkom Pontianak In Improving Marketing Strategy, namely Collaboration, Target Achievement, and Environmental conditions. Efforts Made By PT. Telkom Pontianak In Facing Marketing Constraints is Recognizing Customers, Promoting, and Choose a strategic location Key word: Marketing Strategy ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan keunggulan bersaing pada PT. Telkom Pontianak. Jumlah responden sebanyak 18 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data berupa angket skala likert Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif berupa kuesioner yaitu suatu teknik pengumpulan informasi yang memungkinkan analisis untuk mempelajari sikap, perilaku, dan karakteristik, beberapa orang utama dalam organisasi yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh sistem yang diusulkan atau oleh sistem yang ada. Berdasarkan analisis data disepakati bahwa harga, produk, promosi dan distribusi merupakan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat strategi pemasaran. Kendala yang dihadapi PT. Telkom Pontianak Dalam Meningkatkan Strategi Pemasaran yaitu Kolaborasi, Pencapaian Target, dan Kondisi Lingkungan. Upaya Yang Dilakukan PT. Telkom Pontianak Dalam Menghadapi Kendala Pemasaran adalah Mengenali Pelanggan, Mempromosikan, dan Memilih Lokasi yang StrategisKata kunci : strategi pemasaran
DETERMINATION OF REFERENCE INTERVAL OF LIVER FUNCTION TESTS DURING PREGNANCY IN URBAN AREA OF DISTRICT RAWALPINDI PAKISTAN
Authors: Younas Alveena , Gilani Mehwish , Ain Qurat ul , Asif Naveed , Aamir Muhammad , Ali Asif 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the reference Interval of liver function tests during uncomplicated pregnancy inpopulation of Rawalpindi and assess their correlation over first and second trimesters of pregnancy.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology & Endocrinology Armed Forces Institute ofPathology Rawalpindi from Feb 2017 to Jun 2018.
Methodology: Seven hundred and fifty four pregnant women with uncomplicated, single intrauterine pregnancy were recruited from Rawalpindi. Thirteen patients with known history of Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension, liver disease, renal disorders and those on anti-epileptics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids were excluded from the study. Blood sample was taken from each subject to analyze serum bilirubin, albumin, total alkaline phosphates and alanine aminotransferase on random access discrete auto analyser, ADVIA 1800 Chemistry system manufactured in Japan for Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc. Data for serum bilirubin, albumin, ALP and ALT were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. As the reference data followed the Gaussian distribution, therefore the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were estimated by values approximately 2SD on each side of mean.
Results: After analysis of serum samples of 754 subjects, the reference intervals for bilirubin, albumin, ALP andALT during first trimester were; bilirubin 3-9 µmol/l, albumin 31-45 g/L, ALP 122-224 U/l and ALT 3-35 U/l, while of second trimester were: bilirubin 2- 7µmol/l, albumin 28-45 g/L, ALP131-300U/l and ALT 1-33U/l.
Conclusion: First and second trimester wise reference values of Liver Function Tests have been determined inpregnancy in this study. This would not only........
CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE TO LARYNGOSCOPY VERSUS FIBER-OPTIC BRONCHOSCOPE DURING OROTRACHEAL INTUBATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE SURGERY
Authors: Ali Moazzam , Khawar Maliha , Nazneen Maryam , Nazneen Zaqawat 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To compare the hemodynamic response between flexible fiber optic bronchoscope (FOB) andMacintosh laryngoscope during orotracheal intubation. The secondary objective was to calculate the timerequired for intubation between these two techniques
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesia, Frontier Corps Hospital Quetta, from Oct 2016 to Apr2017.
Methodology: Eighty patients fulfilling the inclusion/exclusion criteria were included in this study and weredivided randomly into two groups. Group L was intubated with Macintosh laryngoscope (control group) whereas group F was intubated with Fiber optic bronchoscope. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate was recorded as baseline, pre-intubation and then every 01 minute for 03 minutes. Changes in heart rate and mean arterial pressure were recorded in the proforma by another anesthetist who was blinded to the procedure performed.
Results: The mean age in group L was 41.23 ± 8.37 years and in group F was 40.73 ± 9.77 years. The mean weight in group L was 69.63 ± 8.92 kg and in group F was 70.6 ± 9.20 kg. In group L, male to female ratio was 26:14 whereas in group F it was 28:12. Mean heart rate and mean arterial pressure did not show significant change over time between groups. Time required for intubation was significantly less (22.45 ± 4.12 secs) in laryngoscopy group versus Fiber-Optic Bronchoscope group (44.68 ± 5.88 secs).
Conclusion: In conclusion we can say that our study demonstrated that using laryngoscope or Fiber-OpticBronchoscope for orotracheal..........
COMPARISON OF PROKINETIC ACTIVITY OF RANITIDINE AND NEOSTIGMINE ALONE AND IN COMBINATION- AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: Butt Aroosa Ishtiaq , Khan Asma , Mazhar Wardha , Khan Qamar uz Zaman , Maqsood Imrana 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To explore the prokinetic effect of Ranitidine, to compare it with the prokinetic effect of Neostigmineand to observe the potentiating prokinetic effect of Ranitidine and Neostigmine in combination.
Study Design: Randomised controlled trial (experimental study).
Place and Duration of Study: Multi disciplinary centre, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, from Jan to Dec 2015.
Methodology: Experiments were performed on three groups of rabbits (n=6) and Cumulative dose responsecurves were plotted using isolated duodenal tissue on power lab (USA). In the first two groups of experiments,cumulative concentrations of Neostigmine and Ranitidine were studied separately with neostigmine acting as acontrol and in the third group the potentiating effect of a fixed dose of ranitidine on neostigmine was evaluated.
Results: Neostigmine’s response was taken as 100 percent and Ranitidine’s response when compared to it came out to be 197 percent. The dose response curve of Neostigmine was shifted to the left and upwards in the presence of Ranitidine. The percent response with Neostigmine alone was taken as 100 percent and increased to 212 percent when the tissue was pre-treated with Ranitidine.
Conclusion: Our study has indicated that Ranitidine has marked prokinetic effect which is found to be greaterthan Neostigmine. It is also inferred that Ranitidine can potentiate the prokinetic effect of Neostigmine.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DELAYED GASTRIC EMPTYING AFTER WHIPPLE’S PROCEDURE
Authors: Yasin Talha , Wattoo Nasir Mehmud , Butt Qasim , Safdar Kamran , Asif Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To assess the frequency and analyze associated factors of delayed gastric emptying among the patients undergoing Whipple’s procedure at surgical unit of a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi,Pakistan, Apr 2018 to Mar 2019.
Methodology: A prospective study was conducted on 80 patients of both the genders who underwent Whipple’s procedure at the surgical unit of abovementioned hospitals. Delayed gastric emptying was diagnosed based on the criteria as defined by the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery by the consultant surgeons involved. Factors studied in our analysis included age, gender, smoking, presence of co morbidities, peroperative blood transfusion, sepsis, operative time and BMI.
Results: Out of 80 patients included in the final analysis, 61 (76.25%) were male and 19 (23.75%) were female.Mean age of patients included in our study was 46.31 ± 6.711 years. Thirty six (45%) patients had delayed gastricemptying while 44 (55%) did not meet the criteria as mentioned above. With binary logistic regression we foundthat presence of sepsis and high BMI had a strong relationship (p-value <0.05) with delayed gastric emptyingafter the Whipple’s procedure.
Conclusion: Delayed gastric emptying is a fairly common phenomenon among the patients undergoingWhipple’s procedure. High BMI and post-operative sepsis constitute the group which is at the highest risk ofdeveloping this post-operative complication in our study.
PREVALENCE OF OBESITY IN AFFLUENT SCHOOL CHILDREN IN MULTAN
Authors: Junaid Muhammad , Jalil Jawad , Noor Misbah , Arouj Kehkashan , Qamar Khadija 
Published: January 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity in affluent school children in Multan.
Study design: Cross sectional study
Place and Duration of study: Three private schools of Multan selected at random; willing to participate in the study. The study was carried out from 15 May 2015 to 15 November 2015.
Results: In our study, 37.58% (n=62) children were between 5-7 years and 62.42% (n=103) were between 8-10 years of age, mean +SD was calculated as 7.79+1.47 years, 73.94% (n=122) were males and 26.06% (n=43) were females. Mean values of basic characteristics of the patients were calculated as 2.14+1.21 as birth order, 33.18+8.25(kg) for weight, 130.15+8.81(cm) and 1.30+0.08(m) for height and 19.40+3.26 (kg/m^2) for BMI. Prevalence of obesity in affluent school children in Multan was calculated as 43.03% (n=71).
Conclusion: We concluded that the prevalence of obesity in affluent school children in Multan is very higher. Low physical activity and sedentary lifestyle are potential risk factors for obesity in children which may be modified and persistence of obesity may be avoided.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF P53 IN INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA OF BREAST IN PAKISTANI WOMEN
Authors: Khan Umair Aslam Shahzad , Khadim Muhammad Tahir , Ali Syed Salman , Wajid Muhammad Imran Khan , Bajwa Akhter Ali , Anjum Saba 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of immunohistochemical expression of p53 in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast in Pakistani women.
Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, from Jul 2015 to Jan 2016.
Methodology: This study involved 80 histopathological samples of invasive ductal carcinoma breast which weretested for p53 expression. Sample size with 80 cases was calculated using 95% confidence level and 10% marginof error while expected percentage of p53 expression will be 71.67%. Specimens were selected by non-probability, consecutive sampling. All specimens of newly diagnosed cases of invasive ducal carcinoma at CMH Lahore on histopathological examination of female patients aged between 15-80 years. IHC application of p53 was done as per technique mentioned in the manual given by the DAKO.
Results: Patient age was calculated which was between 25 years and 80 years while mean age was 50.76 ± 11.80years. Majority of the patients were aged between 25-50 years (n=44, 55.0%). In 54 (67.5%) patients lymph nodes were positive for tumor metastasis. Majority 64 (80%) of the tumors were Grade-II followed by Grade-III in 15 (18.7%) patients. The size of the tumor ranged from 0.2 cm to 14 cm with a mean of 4.16 ± 2.59 cm. p53 expression was positive in 38 (47.5%) patients. The expression of p53 was higher in patients who have positive lymph nodes (59.3% vs. 23.1%; p=0.002). However, expression of p53 was not so significant for age (p=0.079), tumor size (p=0.414)......................
COMPARISON OF FREQUENCY OF CESAREAN SECTION IN ELECTIVE INDUCTION OF LABOUR AT 40 +0 AND 41 +0 WEEKS OF GESTATION
Authors: Saeed Saira , Murtaza Badar , Nasim Zulekha , Raziq Sohail 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To compare the frequency of cesarean section in elective induction of labour at 40 weeks and 41weeks of gestation.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Sialkot, from July to Dec 2017.
Methodology: The pregnant females at full-term were divided in 2 groups. All patients aged 20-35 years andparity less than 5 with singleton alive pregnancy and vertex presentation at 40+0 weeks gestation were placedin group A and all singleton alive pregnancies with vertex presentation at 41+0 weeks in group B. Group A wasinduced at 40+0 weeks and group B was induced at 41+0 weeks of gestation. Induction of labour was performed and fetal heart rate monitoring was conducted every 15 minutes. Augmentation was completed and frequency of cesarean section recorded in both groups.
Results: In this study a total of 100 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 27.33 ± 4.87 years(range 20-35 years) with mean age of 26.54 ± 4.66 and 28.12 ± 4.99 years in group A and group B respectively.The cesarean section was performed in 20 (20%) patients, with 14 (28%) in group A and 6 (12%) in group B.Statistically significant difference of cesarean section was noted in both groups (p-value=0.046).
Conclusion: There was a significantly lower rate of cesarean section in elective induction of labour at 41weeks as compared to 40 weeks of gestation.
HIGH BCR-ABL1 GENE PERCENTAGE AT TIME OF PRESENTATION: A TOOL TO PREDICT FAILURE IN ACHIEVING EARLY MOLECULAR RESPONSE IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML): A TERTIARY CARE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Khan Amjad , Ahmed Riaz , Fatimah Sarah , Nadeem Muhammad , Iqbal Shama , Gilani Sayed Tanveer Abbas , Amjad Huma 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the relationship of baseline quantitative BCR ABL1 gene percentage and therapeutic response i.e. Early Molecular Response (EMR) at 3 months with first generation Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Imatinib) in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) in chronic phase (CP).
Study Design: Prospective observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Oct 2017 to Oct 2019.
Methodology: One hundred and seventy patients, 18 years of age or older with newly diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) in chronic phase (CP) with quantitative baseline BCR-ABL (IS) transcript were included in the study. All enrolled patients were placed on Imatinib therapy (400 mg/day) and Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for BCR ABL transcript was repeated at 3 months to document EMR (BCR-ABL (IS) <10%). Patients who were in accelerated/blast phase, or already taking any Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) or chemotherapy were excluded from the study.
Results: In our study 101 (59.4%) patients achieved early molecular response. Out of these 80 (70.8%) patients with BCR-ABL<50% at baseline value showed early molecular response. However, only 21 (36.8%) with BCRABL >50% at baseline achieved early molecular response (p-value <0.001).
Conclusion: A significant number of patients achieved early molecular response with Imatinib therapy that had BCR ABL below 50%, however those with baseline BCR ABL >50%, the rate of EMR was comparatively lower.
PATTERN OF FOREIGN BODIES AERO DIGESTIVETRACT – A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY
Authors: Raza Maqbool , Rafique Atif , Khattak Shahid Farooq , Majeed Farhan , Azam Khalid , Farid Ghulam 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To find out the pattern of foreign bodies inhaled or ingested in a series of patients.
Study Design: Case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH)Rawalpindi, Jan 2016 to Dec 2016.
Methodology: A total of 46 cases of foreign body upper aero digestive tract who presented in the ENTDepartment, PEMH Rawalpindi in 2016 were included in this study. Twenty eight cases were of foreign bodyesophagus and 18 were of foreign body airway. The age, gender, duration of foreign body lodgment, types offoreign body’s physical signs and symptoms were recorded. Relevant radiographic studies were performed.
Results: Out of 46 patients of foreign body aero digestive tract 33 were males and 13 were females. The overallfrequency of foreign bodies’ upper aero digestive tract was 46 (0.14%) with 28 (0.08%) being foreign bodiesesophagus and 18 (0.06%) foreign bodies airway. In 50% cases of bronchial foreign bodies were in age group 0-3 years. The most frequent foreign body in the esophagus was coin in 13(46.4%) followed by chicken bone 5 (17.8%) and fish bone 3 (10.7%). Peanuts, peas, and beans were predominant component of the airway foreign bodies constituting 6 (33.3%), 3 (16.6%) and 3 (16.6%) respective of the total. Most frequent sites of impaction of the foreign body were cervical esophagus 16 (34%), right main bronchus 11 (23.9%) and left main bronchus 3 (6.5%).
Conclusion: Foreign body aero digestive tract is an uncommon but potentially life..........
POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: ASSESSMENT OF CULTURAL RISK FACTORS
Authors: Tarar Amina Hanif , Ijaz Mohammad Mohsin , Tarar Muhammad Ali , Batool Munazza 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To explore the cultural risk factors influencing the Postpartum Depression of first-born infants’mothers.
Study Design: Correlational survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Jannat Maternity Home, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan, from Jan to Nov 2019.
Methodology: A sample of 101 first-born infants’ mothers with ages ranging from 18 to 26 years was selectedthrough purposive sampling. Edinburgh Post-Partum Depression Scale and Oslo Social Support Scale were used.
Results: Results suggested significantly lower mean scores for Postpartum Depression of mothers having a firstborn baby boy (M=5.98, SD=2.44) and higher for those having a girl (M=18.33, SD=4.62). Multi-factorial analysis of variance indicated a significant main effect of Social Support and Family System on Postpartum Depression levels of first-born infants’ mothers, explaining 44% and 11% variance respectively. Further, Post-Hoc analysis revealed higher levels of Postpartum Depression for mothers having poor Social Support (M=17.30, SD=6.15) as compared to those having moderate (M=9.68, SD=6.27) and strong Social Support (M=6.26, SD=2.30). Moreover, pair wise-comparisons demonstrated higher levels of Postpartum Depression for first-born infants’ mothers belonging to nuclear families (M=17.61, SD=7.09) as compared to joint ones (M=9.60, SD=5.70).
Conclusion: The study establishes that first-born infants’ gender, degree of social support, and nature of familyhave a profound effect on the Postpartum Depression levels of mothers. These findings will extend the understanding of cultural risk factors influencing first-born infants’ mother’s mental health.