bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handwork vs machine: a comparison of rheumatoid arthritis patient populations as identified from EHR free-text by diagnosis extraction through machine-learning or traditional criteria-based chart review
Authors: Maarseveen T. D. , Maurits M. P. , Niemantsverdriet E. , van der Helm-van Mil A. H. M. , Huizinga T. W. J. , Knevel R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Electronic health records (EHRs) offer a wealth of observational data. Machine-learning (ML) methods are efficient at data extraction, capable of processing the information-rich free-text physician notes in EHRs. The clinical diagnosis contained therein represents physician expert opinion and is more consistently recorded than classification criteria components.

Objectives
To investigate the overlap and differences between rheumatoid arthritis patients as identified either from EHR free-text through the extraction of the rheumatologist diagnosis using machine-learning (ML) or through manual chart-review applying the 1987 and 2010 RA classification criteria.

Methods
Since EHR initiation, 17,662 patients have visited the Leiden rheumatology outpatient clinic. For ML, we used a support vector machine (SVM) model to identify those who were diagnosed with RA by their rheumatologist. We trained and validated the model on a random selection of 2000 patients, balancing PPV and sensitivity to define a cutoff, and assessed performance on a separate 1000 patients. We then deployed the model on our entire patient selection (including the 3000). Of those, 1127 patients had both a 1987 and 2010 EULAR/ACR criteria status at 1 year after inclusion into the local prospective arthritis cohort. In these 1127 patients, we compared the patient characteristics of RA cases identified with ML and those fulfilling the classification criteria.

Results
The ML model performed very well in the independent test set (sensitivity=0.85, specificity=0.99, PPV=0.86, NPV=0.99). In our selection of patients with both EHR and classification information, 373 were recognized as RA by ML and 357 and 426 fulfilled the 1987 or 2010 criteria, respectively. Eighty percent of the ML-identified cases fulfilled at least one of the criteria sets.
Both demographic and clinical parameters did not differ between the ML extracted cases and those identified with EULAR/ACR classification criteria.

Conclusions
With ML methods, we enable fast patient extraction from the huge EHR resource. Our ML algorithm accurately identifies patients diagnosed with RA by their rheumatologist. This resulting group of RA patients had a strong overlap with patients identified using the 1987 or 2010 classification criteria and the baseline (disease) characteristics were comparable. ML-assisted case labeling enables high-throughput creation of inclusive patient selections for research purposes.
Translocation of residual ethoprophos and tricyclazole from soil to spinach
Authors: Yuan Xiu , Lee Junghak , Han Heeju , Ju Boeun , Park Eunyoung , Shin Yongho , Lee Jonghwa , Kim Jeong-Han 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe dissipation of ethoprophos and tricyclazole in soil and their translocation tendency to spinach were investigated. Prior to field trials, the analytical method for the determination of these pesticide residues was optimized and validated on soil and spinach. The field trial was conducted under greenhouse conditions for two different pretreatment periods with the pesticides. After treating with pesticides 30 (PBI-30) and 60 days (PBI-60) before seeding, soil samples were collected on different days for the dissipation study of soil. Spinach samples were harvested from the soil, and 50% and 100% mature spinach samples were collected. The initial amounts of ethoprophos residue in the PBI-60 and PBI-30 soils were 0.21 and 2.74 mg/kg, respectively, and these both decreased to less than 0.01 mg/kg on the day of spinach harvest. Similar initial residues of tricyclazole were observed in the PBI-60 (0.87 mg/kg) and PBI-30 soils (0.84 mg/kg), and these decreased to 0.44 and 0.34 mg/kg, respectively. The half-lives of ethoprophos in the soils were calculated as 7.6 and 4.8 days, respectively, while relatively long half-lives of 36.5 and 77.0 days were calculated for tricyclazole. According to the pesticide residue amounts in the spinach, the translocation rate from the soil to the spinach was determined. In the case of ethoprophos, the residual amount was already rapidly degraded in the soil, and the translocation rate could not be confirmed. On the other hand, for tricyclazole, it was confirmed that 1.19 to 1.61% of the residual amount in soil was transferred to spinach. According to these results, safe management guidelines for tricyclazole in soil were suggested considering the maximum residue limit on spinach.
New possibility for characterization of dissociation behaviour of supramolecular electrolytes: results obtained for the International Humic Substances Society standard and reference samples by coulometry
Authors: Klučáková Martina 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Humic substances can be considered as polyelectrolytes with supramolecular character and complicated behaviour in water environment. The fractions of humic substances dissolved in water are the most active ones and determinative for their functioning in nature, where the proton-binding and dissociation ability play a crucial role. The dissociation behaviour of humic and fulvic acids can be affected by different circumstances including their concentration which is directly connected with the molecular organization of humic particles in solution and the accessibility of their ionizable functional groups. This study is focused just on these active fractions and their dissociation behaviour in the dependence on their content in studied system.

Results
Standards and reference samples of International Humic Substances Society were used. Flow-through coulometry was used to determine the total content of acidic functional groups in fulvic solutions and humic leachates. The amount of dissociated acidic groups was determined on the basis of potentiometry. Several differences between the behaviour of humic and fulvic acids were found. While whole samples of fulvic acids including the weakest functional groups were analysed, only the active dissolved humic fractions containing stronger acidic functional groups were characterized. The fractions containing higher amounts of the weakest functional groups remained insoluble. The dissociation degree of fulvic acids decreased with their increasing content, but a maximum on its concentration dependence obtained for humic acids was observed.

Conclusions
Two different values of dissociation constants were determined for each sample. The first was determined on the basis of the extrapolation of infinite dilution, second was determined as their average value in the region of high concentrations in which it was constant. Obtained values characterize the functioning of dissolved humic substances from point of view of their dissociation ability. The results obtained by this approach can help to predict the acid–base behaviour of dissolved organic carbon in soil and generally in nature. The acid–base behaviour of dissolved organic carbon depends on its ratio to water. It behaves differently in soil which is dry and in soil which is wet or saturated by water.
Fluctuation in salivary alpha-amylase activity and vital signs during dental implant surgery
Authors: Sabbagh Afnan , Nakata Hidemi , Abdou Ahmed , Kasugai Shohei , Kuroda Shinji 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) activity is thought to be an indicator of mental stress. However, the relationship between sAA activity and mental stress in patients undergoing dental implant treatment has not been investigated. The present study aimed to examine the correlation between sAA activity and changes in the patient’s vital signs during dental implant surgery.

Results
sAA activity was higher after surgery compared to the pre-surgical measurements. A significant positive correlation was observed between sAA activity and heart rate (HR) (rs=0.434, p=0.007), as well as the peripheral blood oxygen (SpO2) (rs=0.392, p=0.016).

Conclusion
sAA activity and the patient’s stress levels tended to increase after the surgical procedure. A positive correlation was observed between SpO2 and sAA activity. A significant positive correlation was also observed between the between the HR and sAA activity, although there was no correlation between blood pressure and sAA activity. Thus, sAA may be a valuable indicator of the stress and anxiety accumulated during dental implant surgery.
Advancing engagement and capacity for rural cancer control: a mixed-methods case study of a Community-Academic Advisory Board in the Appalachia region of Southwest Virginia
Authors: Zoellner Jamie M. , Porter Kathleen J. , Brock Donna-Jean P. , Mitchell Emma Mc Kim , Chapman Howard , Clarkston Deborah , Cohn Wendy , Hauser Lindsay , Morris Dianne W. , Ramey Sarah Y. , Robinson Brenna , Schriefer Scott , Voges Noelle , Wiseman Kara P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The objectives are to: 1) describe engagement processes used to prioritize and address regional comprehensive cancer control needs among a Community-Academic Advisory Board (CAB) in the medically-underserved, rural Appalachian region, and 2) detail longitudinal CAB evaluation findings.

Methods
This three-year case study (2017–2020) used a convergent parallel, mixed-methods design. The approach was guided by community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles, the Comprehensive Participatory Planning and Evaluation process, and Nine Habits of Successful Comprehensive Cancer Control Coalitions. Meeting artifacts were tracked and evaluated. CAB members completed quantitative surveys at three time points and semi-structured interviews at two time points. Quantitative data were analyzed using analysis of variance tests. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via an inductive-deductive process.

Results
Through 13 meetings, Prevention and Early Detection Action Teams created causal models and prioritized four cancer control needs: human papillomavirus vaccination, tobacco control, colorectal cancer screening, and lung cancer screening. These sub-groups also began advancing into planning and intervention proposal development phases. As rated by 49 involved CAB members, all habits significantly improved from Time 1 to Time 2 (i.e., communication, priority work plans, roles/accountability, shared decision making, value-added collaboration, empowered leadership, diversified funding, trust, satisfaction; all p < .05), and most remained significantly higher at Time 3. CAB members also identified specific challenges (e.g., fully utilizing member expertise), strengths (e.g., diverse membership), and recommendations across habits.

Conclusion
This project’s equity-based CBPR approach used a CPPE process in conjunction with internal evaluation of cancer coalition best practices to advance CAB efforts to address cancer disparities in rural Appalachia. This approach encouraged CAB buy-in and identified key strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities that will lay the foundation for continued involvement in cancer control projects. These engagement processes may serve as a template for similar coalitions in rural, underserved areas.
Gaps in Care and Support for Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer: A Report From the Advanced Breast Cancer Global Alliance
Authors: Fallowfield Lesley , Boyle Frances M. , Travado Luzia , Kiely Belinda E. , Jewell Patti , Aubel Dawn , Cardoso Fatima 
Published: June 2021

PURPOSE Although new therapeutic options continue to improve disease-related outcomes in advanced breast cancer (ABC), enhanced focus is needed to improve quality of life for patients currently living with ABC. METHODS In November 2019, a multidisciplinary workshop to explore patient perceptions of their information and support needs was held at the ABC Global Alliance Annual Meeting in Lisbon, Portugal. Ninety-two attendees from 27 countries participated in the workshop. RESULTS Several key unmet needs were identified and discussed in the workshop, including the following: (1) Significant patient knowledge gaps exist related to the diagnosis and management of ABC, and the availability of patient-focused information to support these gaps in knowledge remains limited. (2) The development of meaningful relationships between patients and health care professionals, and the role of patients in decision making, is often overlooked for patients with ABC. (3) Multidisciplinary care approaches are crucial for patients with ABC; however, these often lack effective coordination. (4) Access to clinical trials for ABC also remains limited. (5) Caregivers, friends, and family members do not receive sufficient guidance to support patients with ABC and manage their own well-being. CONCLUSION The variety of unmet needs explored in the workshop demonstrates that patients with ABC still face considerable challenges related to quality of care and support, which will not be resolved until tangible action is taken. Issues highlighted in the workshop should be prioritized by working groups to shape the development of community-based solutions. There is a need for the global community to act proactively to maximize awareness of these ongoing unmet needs and existing resources, while socializing and building new initiatives and resources that will help to close these gaps for patients.
Open-Label Phase II Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study of Romyelocel-L Myeloid Progenitor Cells to Reduce Infection During Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Desai Pinkal M. , Brown Janice , Gill Saar , Solh Melham M. , Akard Luke P. , Hsu Jack W. , Ustun Celalettin , Andreadis Charalambos , Frankfurt Olga , Foran James M. , Lister John , Schiller Gary J. , Wieduwilt Matthew J. , Pagel John M. , Stiff Patrick J. , Liu Delong , Khan Irum , Stock Wendy , Kambhampati Suman , Tallman Martin S. , Morris Lawrence , Edwards John , Pusic Iskra , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Mamelok Richard , Wong Alicia , Van Syoc Rodney , Kellerman Lois , Panuganti Swapna , Mandalam Ramkumar , Abboud Camille N. , Ravandi Farhad 
Published: June 2021

PURPOSEStandard cytotoxic induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results in prolonged neutropenia and risk of infection. Romyelocel-L is a universal, allogeneic myeloid progenitor cell product being studied to reduce infection during induction chemotherapy.PATIENTS AND METHODSOne hundred sixty-three patients with de novo AML (age ≥ 55 years) receiving induction chemotherapy were randomly assigned on day 0 (d0), of whom 120 were evaluable. Subjects received either romyelocel-L infusion on d9 with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) starting daily d14 (treatment group) or G-CSF daily alone on d14 (control) until absolute neutrophil count recovery to 500/µL. End points included days in febrile episode, microbiologically defined infections, clinically diagnosed infection, and days in hospital.RESULTSMean days in febrile episode was shorter in the treatment arm from d15 through d28 (2.36 v 3.90; P = .02). Similarly, a trend toward decreased microbiologically defined infections and clinically diagnosed infection in the treatment arm was observed from d9 to d28 (35.6% v 47.5%; P = .09), reaching a statistically significant difference from d15 to d28 (6.8% v 27.9%; P = .002). Because of this, antibacterial or antifungal use for treatment of an infection was significantly less in the treatment group (d9-d28: 44.1% v 63.9%; P = .01). Significantly fewer patients in the treatment arm received empiric antifungals from d9 tod28 (42.4% v 63.9%; P = .02) and d15-d28 (42.4% v 62.3%; P = .02). Patients in the treatment arm also had 3.2 fewer hospital days compared with control (25.5 v 28.7; P = .001). Remission rates and days to absolute neutrophil count recovery were similar in the two groups. No patients in the romyelocel-L plus G-CSF group died because of infection compared with two patients in the control arm. No graft-versus-host disease was observed.CONCLUSIONSubjects receiving romyelocel-L showed a decreased incidence of infections, antimicrobial use, and hospitalization, suggesting that romyelocel-L may provide a new option to reduce infections in patients with AML undergoing induction therapy.
Ein Ofenkachelfund aus dem ehemaligen St. Leonhardsstift zu Basel
Authors: Grütter Daniel , Rentzel Philippe 
Published: June 2021

Die vorgestellten Ofenkacheln stammen aus den Gebäuden des ehemaligen St. Leonhardsstiftes (Leonhardskirchplatz 7) . Die dazugehörigen Öfen wurden anlässlich eines Umbaus abgebrochen und als Bauschutt im Boden eingelagert.
Die Kachelbruchstücke liessen sich mindestens 198 Kachelindividuen zuweisen. Aus 126 Kacheln konnte eine Ofenrekonstruktion vorgenommen werden. Die Besonderheit des Ofenkörpers besteht in der Kombination verschiedener Dekorationstechniken. So setzen sich die Sichtflächen der Eckkacheln aus zwei in Schablonentechnik aufgetragenen Kreismustern und einer reliefierten Ecklisene zusammen.
Die Kacheln datieren aus der Zeit um 1600. Sie dokumentieren den hohen technischen Stand der baslerischen Hafnereiproduktion und liefern eine Fülle aufschlussreicher Informationen über dieses Handwerk.
Tätigkeitsbericht der Archäologischen Bodenforschung Basel-Stadt für das Jahr 1998
Authors: Schwarz Peter-Andrew 
Published: June 2021

Der Tätigkeitsbericht des Kantonsarchäologen bietet einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Kennzahlen und die Arbeiten in den verschiedenen Abteilungen der Archäologischen Bodenforschung im Jahr 1998.
Mit Beiträgen zur Fundchronik im Jahr 1998.
Eine Basler Ofenhafnerei des 18. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Higy Walter , Matt Christoph Philipp 
Published: June 2021

Im Haus Klosterberg 21 in der Basler Steinenvorstadt kam bei Renovationsarbeiten das Fundament eines Keramikbrennofens zum Vorschein. Der Ofen lässt sich mit der Hafnerfamilie Hug in Verbindung bringen, die hier zwischen 1750 und 1830 über vier Generationen hinweg ihr Handwerk betrieb.
Wichtig sind insbesondere die dabei gefundenen Kacheln, die zweifelsfrei der Hug'schen Werkstatt zugewiesen werden können. Diese Funde erlauben es, verschiedene unsignierte, in Basel und in der weiteren Nordwestschweiz stehende Öfen als Produkte dieser hier ansässigen Hafnerfamilie zu identifizieren.
Interessant ist insbesondere auch die Wiederentdeckung eines im 20. Jahrhundert (von Arlesheim oder von Basel?) nach Schloss Wartenfels (Lostorf, SO) verbrachten Hug-Ofens.
What you need to know about falls
Authors: Barnard Anna N , Furmedge Daniel S 
Published: June 2021

Falls are a common presenting complaint, particularly in older patients, and are associated with significant morbidity. Inpatient falls also have financial implications for healthcare systems, including litigation costs. This article provides an approach to assessing a patient presenting with a fall, encompassing the cause and consequence of the event. It also highlights the need to consider both the acute and chronic factors that predispose a particular patient to fall. Chronic factors such as frailty, sarcopenia, cognitive impairment, and continence issues are often under-recognised and, as a result, not managed optimally. A comprehensive geriatric assessment is an ideal structure to identify modifiable risks. Practical interventions that can be of benefit to minimise a patient's risk of falling include a medication review, assessment of their mobility and their environment. In addition, continence review and visual assessment may be appropriate.
Physics-trained neural network for sparse-view volumetric laser absorption imaging of species and temperature in reacting flows
Authors: Wei Chuyu , Schwarm Kevin K. , Pineda Daniel I. , Mitchell Spearrin R. 
Published: June 2021

A deep learning method for laser absorption tomography was developed to effectively integrate physical priors related to flow-field thermochemistry and transport. Mid-fidelity reacting flow simulations were coupled with a forward molecular absorption model to train a deep neural network that performs the tomographic inversion of laser absorption images to predict temperature and species fields in flames. The method was evaluated through numerical simulation and experimental testing in benchtop laminar flames. The target flow-fields involved a spatially-convolved laminar ethylene-flame doublet, backlit with tunable radiation from a quantum cascade laser near 4.85 µm probing rovibrational absorption transitions of carbon monoxide. 2D images were collected at 11 different projection angles, yielding an aggregate of 50,688 unique lines of sight capturing the scene with a pixel resolution of approximately 70 µm. A convolutional neural network was introduced to efficiently generate temperature and species profiles and trained with a large dataset of large-eddy simulations of laminar flames at variable conditions. The learning-based approach to the inversion problem was found to more accurately predict species and temperature fields of the flame with fewer projection angles, reduce convergence time, and expand the field domain relative to classical linear tomography.
Highly stable CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dot-doped tellurite glass nanocomposite scintillator
Authors: Niu Luyue , Wang Sikai , Sui Zexuan , Song Yushou , Zhao Lei , Liu Lu , Ren Jing , Zhang Jianzhong 
Published: June 2021

All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) appear to be promising scintillators for radiation detection; however, they are suffering from poor stabilities against light, heat, and moisture. Here a strategy of using AgCl as the nucleating agent is developed to facilitate growth of

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PQDs in chemically inert tellurite glasses via controlled crystallization. The PQDs are uniformly dispersed and well protected in the dense glass matrix without aggregation. The nanocomposites thus obtained are featured by excellent optical transparency owing to the unique character of tellurite glass having a refractive index comparable to that of the

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crystal. The X-ray excited radioluminescence properties are comprehensively studied. The results show that

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PQD-doped tellurite glasses are highly stable against continuous X-ray irradiation and repeated heat-cooling cycles (from room temperature up to 573 K) without sacrificing their scintillation properties, thus appearing to be a potential scintillator for long-term practical applications.
Bidirectional cascaded deep neural networks with a pretrained autoencoder for dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Kong Weichao , Chen Jun , Huang Zengxin , Kuang Dengfeng 
Published: June 2021

Metasurfaces composed of meta-atoms provide promising platforms for manipulating amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. However, the traditional design methods of metasurfaces are time consuming and laborious. Here, we propose a bidirectional cascaded deep neural network with a pretrained autoencoder for rapid design of dielectric metasurfaces in the range of 450 nm to 850 nm. The forward model realizes a prediction of amplitude and phase responses with a mean absolute error of 0.03. Meanwhile, the backward model can retrieve patterns of meta-atoms in an inverse-design manner. The availability of this model is demonstrated by database establishment, model evaluation, and generalization testing. Furthermore, we try to reveal the mechanism behind the model in a visualization way. The proposed approach is beneficial to reduce the cost of computation burden and improve nanophotonic design efficiency for solving electromagnetic on-demand design issues automatically.