bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating mortality and recovery of extreme hyperbilirubinemia in critically ill patients by phasing the peak bilirubin level: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Han Hong Seok , Park Chi-Min , Lee Dae-Sang , Sinn Dong Hyun , Gil Eunmi 
Published: August 2021

Background
Hyperbilirubinemia is a devastating complication in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score classifies hyperbilirubinemia without further detailed analyses for bilirubin increase above 12 mg/dL. We evaluated whether the level of bilirubin increase in patients with extreme hyperbilirubinemia (total bilirubin ≥ 12 mg/dL) affects and also helps estimate mortality or recovery.

Methods
A retrospective cohort analysis comprising 427 patients with extreme hyperbilirubinemia admitted to the ICU of Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea between 2011 and 2015 was conducted. Extreme hyperbilirubinemia was classified into four grades: grade 1 (12–14.9 mg/dL), grade 2 (15–19.9 mg/dL), grade 3 (20–29.9 mg/dL), and grade 4 (≥ 30 mg/dL). These grades were then assessed for their association with hospital mortality and recovery from hyperbilirubinemia to SOFA grade (point) 2 or below (total bilirubin < 6 mg/dL). The influences of various factors, some of which caused extreme hyperbilirubinemia, while others induced bilirubin recovery, were assessed.

Results
A total of 427 patients (mean age: 59.8 years, male: 67.0%) were evaluated, and the hospital mortality for these patients was very high (76.1%). Extreme hyperbilirubinemia was observed in 111 (grade 1, 26.0%), 99 (grade 2, 23.2%), 131 (grade3, 30.7%), and 86 (grade 4, 20.1%) patients with mortality rates of 62.2%, 71.7%, 81.7%, and 90.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). The peak bilirubin value correlated with the mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.15, p < 0.001). Compared to those with grade 1 extreme hyperbilirubinemia, the mortality rate gradually increased as the grade increased (OR [95% CI]: 1.92 [0.70–5.28], 3.55 [1.33–9.48], and 12.47 [3.07–50.59] for grades 2, 3 and 4, respectively). The main causes of extreme hyperbilirubinemia were infection including sepsis and hypoxic hepatitis. The recovery from hyperbilirubinemia was observed in 110 (25.8%) patients. Mortality was lower for those who recovered from hyperbilirubinemia than for those who did not (29.1% vs. 92.4%, p < 0.001). The favorable factors of bilirubin recovery were albumin and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).

Conclusions
This study determined that the level of extreme hyperbilirubinemia is an important prognostic factor in critically ill patients. We expect the results of this study to help predict the clinical course of and determine the optimal treatment for extreme hyperbilirubinemia.
Mechanisms of socioeconomic differences in COVID-19 screening and hospitalizations
Authors: Dalton Jarrod E. , Gunzler Douglas D. , Jain Vardhmaan , Perzynski Adam T. , Dawson Neal V. , Einstadter Douglas , Tarabichi Yasir , Imrey Peter B. , Lewis Michael , Kattan Michael W. , Yao James , Taksler Glen , Berg Kristen A. , Krieger Nikolas I. , Kaelber David , Jehi Lara , Kalra Ankur 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundSocial and ecological differences in early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic screening and outcomes have been documented, but the means by which these differences have arisen are not well understood.ObjectiveTo characterize socioeconomic and chronic disease-related mechanisms underlying these differences.DesignObservational cohort study.SettingOutpatient and emergency care.Patients12900 Cleveland Clinic Health System patients referred for SARS-CoV-2 testing between March 17 and April 15, 2020.InterventionsNasopharyngeal PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection.MeasurementsTest location (emergency department, ED, vs. outpatient care), COVID-19 symptoms, test positivity and hospitalization among positive cases.ResultsWe identified six classes of symptoms, ranging in test positivity from 3.4% to 23%. Non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity was disproportionately represented in the group with highest positivity rates. Non-Hispanic Black patients ranged from 1.81 [95% confidence interval: 0.91–3.59] times (at age 20) to 2.37 [1.54–3.65] times (at age 80) more likely to test positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus than non-Hispanic White patients, while test positivity was not significantly different across the neighborhood income spectrum. Testing in the emergency department (OR: 5.4 [3.9, 7.5]) and cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.5 [1.7, 3.8]) were related to increased risk of hospitalization among the 1247 patients who tested positive.LimitationsConstraints on availability of test kits forced providers to selectively test for SARS-Cov-2.ConclusionNon-Hispanic Black patients and patients from low-income neighborhoods tended toward more severe and prolonged symptom profiles and increased comorbidity burden. These factors were associated with higher rates of testing in the ED. Non-Hispanic Black patients also had higher test positivity rates.
Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street dwellers and prison inmates: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Feleke Daniel Getacher , Alemu Yonas , Bisetegn Habtye , Mekonnen Melat , Yemanebrhane Nebiyou 
Published: August 2021

Background
Intestinal parasitic infections are closely associated with low household income, poor personal and environmental sanitation, and overcrowding, limited access to clean water, tropical climate and low altitude. Street dwellers and prisoners are forced to live in deprived situations characterized by inadequate facilities. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections among street dwellers and prison inmates.

Method
Study searches were carried out in Electronic data bases such as PubMed/Medline, HINARI, EMBASE, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. Studies published only in English and have high quality Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) scores were included for analysis using Stata version 14 software. Random-effects meta-analysis model was used for analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane’s Q test and I2 test statistics with its corresponding p-values. Moreover, subgroup, sensitivity analyses and publication bias were computed.

Result
Seventeen eligible studies consist of 4,544 study participants were included. Majority of the study participants were males (83.5%) and the mean age of the study participants was 25.7 years old. The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among street dwellers and prison inmates was 43.68% (95% CI 30.56, 56.79). Sub-group analysis showed that the overall pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among prison inmates and street dwellers was 30.12% (95%CI: 19.61, 40.62) and 68.39% (95%CI: 57.30, 79.49), respectively. There was statistically significant association between untrimmed fingernail and intestinal parasitic infections (AOR: 1.09 (95%CI: 0.53, 2.23).

Conclusion
In this study, the pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among street dwellers and prison inmates was relatively high. Fingernail status had statistically significant association with intestinal parasitic infection. The prevention and control strategy of intestinal parasitic infection should also target socially deprived segment of the population such as street dwellers and prison inmates.
Early and late outcomes of single versus bilateral internal thoracic artery revascularization for patients in critical condition
Authors: Fertouk Michal , Gordon Amit , Pevni Dmitry , Ziv-Baran Tomer , Sela Orr , Mohr Rephael , Farkash Ariel , Kramer Amir , Teich Nadav , Nesher Nachum , Ben-Gal Yanai 
Published: August 2021

Objective
The optimal surgical approach for critically ill patients with complex coronary disease remains uncertain. We compared outcomes of bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) versus single ITA (SITA) revascularization in critical patients.

Methods
We evaluated 394 consecutive critical patients with multi-vessel disease who underwent CABG during 1996–2001. Outcomes measured were early mortality, strokes, myocardial-infarctions, sternal infections, revisions for bleeding, and late survival. The critical preoperative state was acknowledged concisely by one or more of the following: preoperative ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation, aborted sudden cardiac death, or the need for mechanical ventilation or for preoperative insertion of intra-aortic-balloon counter-pulsation.

Results
During the study period, 193 of our patients who underwent SITA and 201 who underwent BITA were in critical condition. The SITA group was older (mean 68.0 vs. 63.3 years, p = 0.001) and higher proportions were females (28.5% vs. 18.9% p = 0.025), after recent-MI (69.9% vs. 57.2% p = 0.009) and with left-main disease (38.3% vs. 49.3% p = .029); the median logistic EuroSCORE was higher (0.2898 vs. 0.1597, p<0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed between the SITA and BITA groups in 30-day mortality; and in rates of early CVA, MI and sternal infections (13.0% vs. 8.5%, p = 0.148; 4.1% vs. 6.0%, p = 0.49; 6.7% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.32 and 2.1% vs. 2.5%, p>0.99, respectively). Long-term survival (median follow-up of 15 years, interquartile-range: 13.57–15) was better in the BITA group (median 14.39 vs. 9.31± 0.9 years, p = 0.001). Propensity-score matching (132 matched pairs) also yielded similar early outcomes and improved long-term survival (median follow-up of 15 years, interquartile-range: 13.56–15) for the BITA group (median 12.49±1.71 vs. 7.63±0.99 years, p = 0.002). In multivariable analysis, BITA revascularization was found to be a predictor for improved survival (hazard-ratio of 0.419, 95%CI 0.23–0.76, p = 0.004).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated long-term survival benefit for BITA revascularization in patients in a critical pre-operative state who presented for surgical revascularization.
Análise da socialização das experiências do projeto Agente Mirim de Defesa Civil de Blumenau/SC por meio da educação ambiental
Authors: Ribeiro Jefferson , Vieira Rafaela , Correia Luciana Schramm 
Published: August 2021

As ações do projeto Agente Mirim de Defesa Civil (AMDC) realizado pela Defesa Civil (DC) de Blumenau, acontecem anualmente em escolas do município, promovendo o aprofundamento no tema Gestão de Risco de Desastres (GRD), envolvendo aulas teóricas e visitas de estudo. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi identificar o grau de socialização das experiências dos estudantes sobre a GRD junto à sua família confrontando os dados obtidos com o conceito da Educação Ambiental (EA) Crítica-Transformadora. Como ferramenta metodológica, foram aplicados questionários com os responsáveis dos estudantes que participaram do projeto AMDC entre os anos de 2015 até 2018. A análise das respostas foi realizada pela técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Entre os resultados é possível confirmar que os responsáveis das três comunidades apresentam conhecimentos sobre a GRD, independente do ano em que foram aplicados os projetos. O pensamento Crítico-Transformador utilizado pela DC durante suas práticas consolida a percepção dos riscos de desastres na comunidade.
Growth and survival of Mud Crab, Scylla serrata, reared in bottom and floating cages within Mida Creek mangroves, coastal Kenya
Authors: Mwaluma James M. , Kaunda-Arara Boaz 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mud Crab fattening is a relatively new business idea in Kenya and is highly lucrative due to the reasonable prices offered at tourist hotels. This study was aimed at developing appropriate culture techniques for Mud Crabs to maximize harvestable biomass by the local communities and avoid recruitment overfishing. Growth and survival rates for mixed sex Mud Crabs was investigated for a period of 230 days in Mida Creek, Kenya, using bottom and floating cages, and two feed types in a crab fattening experiment. Crabs attained harvestable weight by the third month for both floating (466.2 ± 137 g) and bottom cages (542.2 ± 109.3 g). There was no significant difference in mean total weight of mixed-sex crabs in the two culture systems (t = 1.75, p&gt;0.05), however males showed significantly higher total weight gain compared to females. A higher overall survival rate was found for crabs cultured in floating cages (63.8%), compared to bottom cages (44.9%). There was no significant difference in growth performance between crabs fed gastropod tissues and those fed fish offal. The long-term specific growth rate for floating cages (0.69 g d-1) was not significantly different from that of bottom cages (0.92 g d-1). An analysis of potential return on investment showed the floating cages to be more profitable per production cycle compared to the bottom ones. The floating cage system and mono-sex male crab culture are recommended to farmers within mangrove tidal flats in Kenya.
Anestesi Spinal Pada Seksio Sesaria Wanita Dengan Tetralogy Fallot Tidak Terkoreksi
Authors: Siahaan Ariati Isabella , Solihat Yutu 
Published: August 2021

Pendahuluan : Bagi pasien ToF, kehamilan dan melahirkan merupakan penyebab morbiditas (62,5%) bahkan mortalitas (10%) dan berefek nyata bagi fetus. Anestesia regional dan anestesia umum dapat dilakukan pada pasien dengan penyakit jantung, walaupun regional anestesia terutama spinal anestesia lebih agresif menurunkan keadaan hemodinamik pasien yang dapat membahayakan, namun saat ini ada tehnik menggunakan dosis rendah bupivakain 5- 7,5 mg dengan opioid sebagai adjuvan untuk meminimalkan agresifitas penurunan hemodinamik yang dapat membahayakan pasien.Kasus : Wanita 23 tahun, G1P0A0, berat badan 48 kg hamil 35-36 minggu dirawat di RS karena sesak nafas dan ingin melahirkan. Riwayat penyakit dahulu sesak saat masih anak-anak, riwayat biru bila beraktifitas dan didiagnosa penyakit jantung kongenital. Digunakan anestesa spinal dengan bupivakain dosis rendah 0,5% 5 mg (1 ml) dengan adjuvan fentanyl 25 ug (0,5 ml). Blok didapatkan mencapai dermatom thorakal 4.Lama operasi 30 menit dengan sistolik antara 90-120 mmHg, diastolik antara 55-80 mmHg dan denyut nadi antara 100-112 kali/menit. lahir bayi laki-laki, APGAR 6-7, berat badan 2100 gram. Post operasi pasien dirawat di Intensive Care Unit, dan selama perawatan kondisi hemodinamik stabil.Ringkasan : Teknik anestesi blok spinal dengan dosis rendah, 1 ml, Bupivakain Hiperbarik 0,5 % ditambah dengan adjuvan fentanyl 25 mcg dinilai cukup memuaskan sebagai manajemen anestesi pada kasus ini. Efek sinergis dari anestesi lokal dengan dosis rendah dan opiod memberikan keuntungan besar untuk mendapatkan anestesi yang adekuat, sehingga mengurangi resiko dan tingkat keparahan hipotensi.
Perbandingan Penggunaan Triamcinolone Acetonide dan Lidocaine Pada Pipa Endotrakea Terhadap Angka Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok Pasca Intubasi Pada Anestesi Umum
Authors: Ferdian Erwin , Soenarjo Soenarjo , Budiono Uripno 
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang : Salah satu komplikasi pemasangan pipa endotrakea adalah nyeri tenggorok paska operasi akibat kerusakan mukosa trakhea. Triamcinolone acetonide gel mengandung kortikosteroid disamping dapat sebagai agen lubrikasi juga mempunyai efek anti inflamasi. Tujuan : Membandingkan efek lubrikasi pipa endotrakea dengan triamcinolone acetonide gel dan lidocaine jelly terhadap angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok paska intubasi. Metode : 58 pasien yang menjalani operasi elektif dengan anestesi umum di RSUP Dr.Kariadi Semarang dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok. Induksi menggunakan propofol 2 mg/kgBB iv, rokuronium 0,6 mg/kgBB iv dan fentanyl 1 mcg/kgBB iv kemudian dilakukan intubasi dilakukan intubasi dengan pipa endotrakea high volume low pressure non kinking dengan ukuran 7.0 untuk perempuan dan 7,5 untuk laki-laki. Kelompok 1 (K1) diberikan triamcinolone acetonide in orabase 0,1 % pada pipa endotrakea, kelompok 2 (K2) diberikan Lidocaine Jelly masing-masing diberikan 0,5 cc dilubrikasikan pada pipa endotrakea sepanjang 15 cm dari ujung distal. Selanjutnya cuff dikembangkan dengan udara dalam spuit 20 cc sampai tidak terdengar kebocoran udara napas. Rumatan anestesi dengan isofluran 1-1,5 % dalam O2 dan N2O 50% dan pelumpuh otot rokuronium intermiten. Analgetik diberikan ketorolak 30 mg dan tramadol 2 mg/kgBB iv. Selesai operasi, ekstubasi pipa endotrakea dilakukan saat pasien sudah sadar. Dilakukan observasi nyeri tenggorokan 1 jam, 6 jam dan 24 jam setelah ekstubasi. Hasil : Angka kejadian nyeri tenggorok paska intubasi endotrakea pada kelompok 1 lebih rendah dibandingkan pada kelompok 2. Kesimpulan : Triamcinolon acetonide jelly lebih baik dibanding lidocaine jelly dalam mengurangi nyeri tenggorok paska anestesi umum dengan intubasi.
The Impact of Personal Computer on Students’ Academic Performance
Authors: Blah Sadat 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine the effects of Personal Computer on students' academic performance of the Grade 11 Senior High School students at MSU-Maguindanao. Specifically, this study identified the uses of Personal Computers as rated by the students in their studies, the academic performance of respondents with Personal Computer, the academic performance of respondents without Personal Computer, and the significant difference in academic performance of respondents with and without Personal Computer. Survey questionnaire was used as an instrument in gathering data. The questionnaire contains ten (10) related to the uses of computer in the students’ studies. The 10 questions are measured in terms of a 4- point scale such as: 1 for always, 2 for often, 3 for seldom and 4 for never. The statistical tools used in the analysis of data are the frequency count and the mean to describe the effects of personal computer on Senior High School students’ academic performance. The data gathered were consolidated and tabulated. The computations were done manually with the aid of scientific calculator. Findings show that the academic performance of the students with personal computer is generally higher than those without personal computer. Therefore, personal computer has effects in improving the students' academic performance.
Keywords: Impact, Personal Computer, Students’ Academic Performance
THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF FACEBOOK IN THE ACADEMIC LIVES OF STUDENTS AT MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY – MAGUINDANAO
Authors: Pilot Sari , Abdula Datuali , Abdula Datuali , Blah Sadat 
Published: August 2021

This study covered the contributions of Facebook in the lives of students particularly at Mindanao State University-Maguindanao. The descriptive-qualitative survey design/method of research was used in this study. Respondents of the study are the 200 selected students from the six Colleges/Department of Mindanao State University – Maguindanao which are as follows: College Arts and Sciences (16), College of Education (46), College Public Affairs and Governance (72), College of Forestry and Environmental Studies (4) College of Fisheries (6) and College of Agriculture (56). Purposive sampling was employed by the researcher in this study in getting the 200 students of Mindanao State University – Maguindanao. The statistical tools used in the study are: frequency distribution, weighted mean, and ranking. On the basis of the findings of the study, the contributions of Facebook in the academic lives of the student at Mindanao State University-Maguindanao were often. However, on problems encountered by the respondents it needs to motivate some aspects under the tips to safe online and policy to secure in the use of Facebook by the respondents/students.

Keywords: Contributions, Facebook, Academic Lives of Students
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MAGUINDANAON TRADITIONAL MARRIAGE AND ISLAMIC MARRIAGE SYSTEM
Authors: Butuan Omar , Abellar Elisa , Mayasa Samsiya , Blah Sadat G. , Fiesta Margie , Kasim Osmeňa 
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to find out the Comparison of the Maguindanaon Traditional Marriage and the Islamic form of Marriage. Specifically, the study seeks to find out the Socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex, Marital Status and educational attainment. The Requisites of the Maguindanaon Traditional form of Marriage and the Requisites of Islamic forms of Marriage are identified in this study. Also, the factors to a successful marriage in terms of Cultural / familial, Economic, Spiritual factor and the difference between the Maguindanaon Marriage and that of the Islamic Marriage system are the focused of this study.
This study made use of expost facto research design particularly descriptive ethnographic in approach. This study was conducted in the thirty four barangays of municipality of Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao. The respondents of this study were individuals who have sufficient information on Traditional Marriage of the Maguindanaon and Islamic form of Marriage. There were 200 respondents for the entire municipality. 100 respondents are those members of the Al-Hiqma organization, and one hundred (100) respondents were from Maguindanaon local folk who had sufficient information about Maguindanaon traditional marriage, and used the simple random sampling procedures. A survey questionnaire was used for the respondents who can read and write and for the respondents who have no knowledge on reading and writing used interview method.

Based on the findings of the study, the beliefs and practices of the Maguindanaon in terms of marriage were handed to them by their forefathers through series of generations down to present. These beliefs and practices were counted as legacies of the past that remained a living heritage of the present generations. The Maguindanaon tradition on marriage is still primitive in many aspects like the negotiation of third parties, imposition of dowry, man’s servitude to his in-laws and many of the rituals of the past are still seen in the present time. Education, both Islamic and Western have influenced the marriage practices of some Maguindanaons in the urban society as some of their marriage ceremony are held in hotels and restaurants. The augmentation of the materialistic nature of maguindanaon traditional marriage has been maintained and increased due to the devaluation of the Philippine currencies.

Key words: Comparative Study, Maguindanaon, Traditional Marriage, Islamic Marriage System
More on μ-semi-Lindelöf sets in μ-spaces
Authors: Sarsak Mohammad S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sarsak [On

μ

\mu

-compact sets in

μ

\mu

-spaces, Questions Answers Gen. Topology 31 (2013), no. 1, 49–57] introduced and studied the class of

μ

\mu

-Lindelöf sets in

μ

\mu

-spaces. Mustafa [

μ

\mu

-semi compactness and

μ

\mu

-semi Lindelöfness in generalized topological spaces, Int. J. Pure Appl. Math. 78 (2012), no. 4, 535–541] introduced and studied the class of

μ

\mu

-semi-Lindelöf sets in generalized topological spaces (GTSs); the primary purpose of this paper is to investigate more properties and mapping properties of

μ

\mu

-semi-Lindelöf sets in

μ

\mu

-spaces. The class of

μ

\mu

-semi-Lindelöf sets in

μ

\mu

-spaces is a proper subclass of the class of

μ

\mu

-Lindelöf sets in

μ

\mu

-spaces. It is shown that the property of being

μ

\mu

-semi-Lindelöf is not monotonic, that is, if

(

X
,
μ

)

\left(X,\mu )

is a

μ

\mu

-space and

A
⊂
B
⊂
X

A\subset B\subset X

, where

A

A

is

μ

B

{\mu }_{B}

-semi-Lindelöf, then

A

A

need not be

μ

\mu

-semi-Lindelöf. We also introduce and study a new type of generalized open sets in GTSs, called

ω

μ

{\omega }_{\mu }

-semi-open sets, and investigate them to obtain new properties and characterizations of

μ

\mu

-semi-Lindelöf sets in

μ

\mu

-spaces.