bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Injectable Asymmetric‐Adhesive Hydrogel as a GATA6+ Cavity Macrophage Trap to Prevent the Formation of Postoperative Adhesions after Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Wu Xiaoqi , Guo Weihong , Wang Ling , Xu Yichao , Wang Zihan , Yang Yang , Yu Liu , Huang Junfei , Li Yanbin , Zhang Hongwu , Wu Yaobin , Li Guoxin , Huang Wenhua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAntiadhesive hydrogels have been developed for preventing the formation of postoperative adhesions. However, it is challenging to design an injectable hydrogel with superior tissue retention properties that can be easily administered during minimally invasive surgical procedures to prevent the development of postsurgical adhesions. In this study, an injectable asymmetric‐adhesive hydrogel is fabricated using photocurable catechol‐grafted hyaluronic acid (HAD) for use during minimally invasive procedures to prevent the development of postoperative adhesions. The hydrogel exhibits superior tissue retention properties and favorably inhibits postoperative adhesion formation. This is the first time that an injectable hydrogel is designed via photocrosslinking to control asymmetric‐adhesive capability. The results show that laparoscopically delivered HAD precursor acts as a wet adhesive on the injured cecum, while its outward‐facing side is nonadherent after photocrosslinking. Intriguingly, the HAD acts as a physical barrier and polyanion trap to neutralize scavenger receptors, thereby inhibiting collagen deposition and uncontrolled recruitment of GATA6+ cavity macrophages. Furthermore, the HAD significantly downregulates the expression of fibrosis‐related and proinflammatory cytokines and promotes macrophage polarization. These results demonstrate that injection of the hydrogel can be readily integrated into laparoscopic surgery. Moreover, the HAD may be suitable for preventing adhesion formation after minimally invasive surgical procedures.
Layer‐by‐Layer Engineered All‐Liquid Microfluidic Chips for Enzyme Immobilization
Authors: Liu Tan , Yin Yixuan , Yang Yang , Russell Thomas P. , Shi Shaowei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnzyme immobilization in the confines of microfluidic chips, that promote enzyme activity and stability, has become a powerful strategy to enhance biocatalysis and biomass conversion. Here, based on a newly developed all‐liquid microfluidic chip, fabricated by the interfacial assembly of nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) in a biphasic system, a layer‐by‐layer assembly strategy to generate polysaccharide multilayers on the surface of a microchannel, greatly enhancing the mechanical properties of the microchannel and offering a biocompatible microenvironment for enzyme immobilization, is presented. Using horseradish peroxidase and glucose oxidase as model enzymes, all‐liquid microfluidic enzymatic and cascade reactors have been constructed and the crucial role of polysaccharide multilayers on enhancing the enzyme loading and catalytic efficiency is demonstrated.
Ternary Blend Organic Solar Cells: Understanding the Morphology from Recent Progress
Authors: Xu Xiaopeng , Li Ying , Peng Qiang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTernary blend organic solar cells (TB‐OSCs) incorporating multiple donor and/or acceptor materials into the active layer have emerged as a promising strategy to simultaneously improve the overall device parameters for realizing higher performances than binary devices. Whereas introducing multiple materials also results in a more complicated morphology than their binary blend counterparts. Understanding the morphology is crucially important for further improving the device performance of TB‐OSC. This review introduces the solubility and miscibility parameters that affect the morphology of ternary blends. Then, this review summarizes the recent processes of morphology study on ternary blends from the aspects of molecular crystallinity, molecular packing orientation, domain size and purity, directly observation of morphology, vertical phase separation as well as morphological stability. Finally, summary and prospects of TB‐OSCs are concluded.
Auxiliary‐Free Remote Dearomatizative Nitrenoid Transfer for Enantioselective Construction of Spirolactams
Authors: Zhu Bo‐Han , Guo Wen‐Ting , Sun Qing , Qian Peng‐Cheng , Ye Long‐Wu , Li Long 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn Ir‐catalyzed remote dearomatizative amidation for the enantioselective construction of chiral spirolactams in 70–93% yield with 81–96% ee was developed. This protocol represented a more atom‐economical approach to chiral spirolactams via Ir‐catalyzed nitrenoid transfer without the introduction of a traceless O‐silyl achiral auxiliary.magnified image
On the relation between Pressure and Coupling Potential in Adaptive Resolution Simulations of Open Systems in contact with a Reservoir
Authors: Gholami Abbas , Klein Rupert , Delle Site Luigi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn a previous paper, a precise relation between the chemical potential of a fully atomistic simulation and the simulation of an open system in the adaptive resolution method (AdResS) was identified. The starting point was the equivalence derived from the statistical partition functions between the grand potentials, Ω, of the open system and of the equivalent subregion in the fully atomistic simulation of reference. In this work, instead, the authors treat the identity for the grand potential based on the thermodynamic relation and investigate the behavior of the pressure in the coupling region of the adaptive resolution method (AdResS). The authors confirm the physical consistency of the method for determining the chemical potential described by the previous work and strengthen it further by identifying a clear numerical relation between the potential that couples the open system to the reservoir on the one hand and the local pressure of the reference fully atomistic system on the other hand. Such a relation is of crucial importance in the perspective of coupling the AdResS method for open system to the continuum hydrodynamic regime.
Understanding the CO2/CH4/N2 Separation Performance of Nanoporous Amorphous N‐Doped Carbon Combined Hybrid Monte Carlo with Machine Learning
Authors: Li Boran , Wang Song , Tian Ziqi , Yao Ge , Li Hui , Chen Liang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAmorphous carbon (aC) is widely used as the adsorbent in the purification of industrial gas. Introducing nitrogen dopant can regulate the morphology and improve the adsorption capacity of specific species. Due to the amorphous structure, it is difficult to understand the relationship between structural features and adsorption performance through atom‐based simulation. Here, a series of nitrogen‐doped amorphous carbon (N‐aC) models is built through reverse Monte Carlo method. The uptakes of three common gases, i.e., CO2, CH4, and N2 are estimated in each constructed framework by using grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC). Deep neural network is trained based on the simulated adsorption capacity with nitrogen content, surface area, pore size, atomic charge, and other factors. Through the data‐driven approaches, the adsorption capacity and the selectivity of three gases are predicted. The simulation in this study shows that the nitrogen content has less influence on the capacity and selectivity than the structural parameters, while nitrogen doping may improve CO2 loading and separation selectivity in the nanopores with pore size close to gas molecules. This work is helpful in constructing amorphous carbon structures for further simulation and understanding the influence of various features on gas separation.
A Hybrid Grid‐Based Finite‐Element Approach For 3D Steel Casing Forward Modeling
Authors: Yu Nian , Gao Lei , Li Ruiheng , Wu Xialan , Wang Enci 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSteel casing forward modeling often requires considering the slender casing in the study area to study the influence of this casing on the underground electromagnetic field, which can be implemented by the unstructured finite‐element (FE) method based on tetrahedra. However, the calculation efficiency of applying the unstructured FE method directly to the steel casing model is poor. To this end, this article develops an FE approach based on a hybrid grid by using slender prismatic elements to mesh the steel casing area, while the remaining areas are still discretely meshed with tetrahedra. By showing numerical examples of the vertical single steel casing and L‐shaped steel casing models, the advantages of the method are tested by evaluating the response curves and the degrees of freedom. The results show that prismatic elements are suitable for discretizing steel casing areas. This approach can maintain the high accuracy of the numerical solution and reduce the number of elements required for discretizing the steel casing area. Hybrid grids can greatly increase the computational efficiency of the FE method for steel casing forward modeling.
Swallowing Lithium Dendrites in All‐Solid‐State Battery by Lithiation with Silicon Nanoparticles
Authors: Tao Jianming , Wang Daoyi , Yang Yanmin , Li Jiaxin , Huang Zhigao , Mathur Sanjay , Hong Zhensheng , Lin Yingbin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEliminating the uncontrolled growth of Li dendrite inside solid electrolytes is a critical tactic for the performance improvement of all‐solid‐state Li batteries (ASSLBs). Herein, a strategy to swallow and anchor Li dendrites by filling Si nanoparticles into the solid electrolytes by the lithiation effect with Li dendrites is proposed. It is found that Si nanoparticles can lithiate with the adjacent Li dendrites which have a strong electron transport ability. Such effect can inhibit the formation of Li dendrites at the interface of Li anode, and also swallow the tip Li inside the solid electrolytes, and thus inhibiting its longitudinal growth and avoiding the solid electrolyte puncturing. As a proof of concept, a novel sandwich‐structure solid electrolyte of Li6.7La3Zr2Al0.1O12 (LLZA)‐PEO/Si‐PEO electrolyte/ (LLZA)‐PEO with asymmetrical structure is first constructed and demonstrated stable Li plating/stripping over 1800 h and remarkably improved cycling stability in Li/LiFePO4 cells with a reversible capacity of 111.9 mAh g−1 at 1 C after 150 cycles. The proof of lithiation of Si‐PEO electrolyte in the interlayer is also verified. Furthermore, the pouch cell thus prepared exhibits comparable cyclic stability and is allowable for folding and cutting, suggesting its promising application in ASSLBs by this simple and efficient strategy.
Ultrasmall Luminescent Metal Nanoparticles: Surface Engineering Strategies for Biological Targeting and Imaging
Authors: Luo Xiaoxi , Liu Jinbin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the past decade, ultrasmall luminescent metal nanoparticles (ULMNPs, d < 3 nm) have achieved rapid progress in addressing many challenges in the healthcare field because of their excellent physicochemical properties and biological behaviors. With the sharp shrinking size of large plasmonic metal nanoparticles (PMNPs), the contributions from the surface characteristics increase significantly, which brings both opportunities and challenges in the application‐driven surface engineering of ULMNPs toward advanced biological applications. Here, the systematic advancements in the biological applications of ULMNPs from bioimaging to theranostics are summarized with emphasis on the versatile surface engineering strategies in the regulation of biological targeting and imaging performance. The efforts in the surface functionalization strategies of ULMNPs for enhanced disease targeting abilities are first discussed. Thereafter, self‐assembly strategies of ULMNPs for fabricating multifunctional nanostructures for multimodal imaging and nanomedicine are discussed. Further, surface engineering strategies of ratiometric ULMNPs to enhance the imaging stability to address the imaging challenges in complicated bioenvironments are summarized. Finally, the phototoxicity of ULMNPs and future perspectives are also reviewed, which are expected to provide a fundamental understanding of the physicochemical properties and biological behaviors of ULMNPs to accelerate their future clinical applications in healthcare.
Adaptive robust design for nonlinear switched systems with unmodeled dynamics and input quantization
Authors: Zhang Yaoli , Ma Yajing , Li Zhanjie , Zhao Jun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the adaptive robust input quantized control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear switched systems under a state‐dependent switching law. The considered systems admit the non‐ISS unmodeled dynamics, the unknown virtual control coefficients, and an unknown parameter. In order to reduce the conservativeness of the common Lyapunov function, the multiple Lyapunov functions method is used to design a state‐dependent switching law. Besides, to overcome the design difficulty arising from the quantization behavior, a nonlinear decomposition method is used to establish the relationship between the control signal and the quantized signal. We put forward the adaptive robust controllers for the individual subsystems, based on which the resulted closed‐loop system is uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, two examples are given to construct the adaptive robust controllers.
A neural network‐based design method of the fractional order PID controller for a class of motion control systems
Authors: Zheng Weijia , Chen YangQuan , Wang Xiaohong , Lin Meijin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA neural network‐based design method for the fractional order proportional‐integral‐derivative (
) controller is developed in this paper. The tuning process is divided into two steps: the integral and derivative orders of the controller are estimated by the neural networks, which are established according to the design specifications and the features of the plant; the remaining controller parameters are calculated according to the flat‐phase specification. In this way, the optimal
controller can be obtained without the optimization process. The effectiveness of the proposed method is studied via the application to a motion control system. The control performance of the controller tuned by the proposed method is compared with those tuned by some existing methods. Simulation and experimental results show that the controller obtained using the proposed method can offer good tracking performance and disturbance rejection performance for the control system.
Effect of Solid Particles on the Slurry Bubble Columns Behavior – A Review
Authors: Mahmoudi Sadra , Hlawitschka Mark W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA wide‐ranging review is presented on the most focal aspects of gas‐liquid‐solid reactors to discuss the fresh headways towards the understanding of slurry bubble column reactors' behavior. In more detail, in this critical review, published works' findings concerning the effects of solid particles characteristics (size, concentration and density) on volumetric mass transfer coefficient, liquid‐side mass transfer coefficient, gas‐liquid interfacial area, gas hold‐up and flow regime are deliberated. Besides, the effects of other pivotal parameters such as pressure, temperature, reactor size, height of liquid, gas distributor, density, and viscosity on the performance of slurry bubble column reactors are considered. Eventually, regarding the effects of each of the aforementioned parameters on the performance of reactor, logical conclusions are drawn.
Clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion by treated segment length
Authors: Shoaib Ahmad , Spratt James C. , Curzen Nick , Wilson Simon , Rashid Muhammad , Ahmad Fatima , Ludman Peter , Kinnaird Tim , Mamas Mamas A. ,   the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS) and the National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (NICOR)
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong lesions are known to have worse outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but there are limited data assessing the association between lesion length and clinical outcomes in PCI procedures undertaken in chronic total occlusions (CTO).Methods and resultsWe formed a longitudinal cohort (2006–2018, n = 27,205) of stable angina patients who underwent PCI to CTO in the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS) database. Clinical, demographical, procedural, and outcome data were analyzed in three groups by treated segment length, < 30 mm (n = 11,782), 30–59 mm (n = 10,415), ≥ 60 mm (n = 5008). Prevalence of previous myocardial infarction and PCI were higher in patients in 30–59 mm group or ≥ 60 mm group compared with < 30 mm group. Following multivariable analysis, no significant difference was observed in in‐patient death (OR = 30–59 mm group = 1.10, CI:0.55–2.19, p = 0.78) (OR ≥ 60 mm group = 0.82, CI: 0.33–2.05, p = 0.67), and 1‐year death (OR = 30–59 mm group = 1.06, CI: 0.81–1.37, p = 0.69) (OR ≥ 60 mm group =1.01, CI: 0.70–1.43, p = 0.99) (< 30 mm group = reference) but in‐patient MACE was higher in > = 60 mm group (OR: 1.52, CI: 1.15–2.01, p = 0.06) but similar in 30–59 mm group (OR: 1.16, CI: 0.91–1.48, p = 0.22) compared with < 30 mm group. The adjusted rates of procedural complications were higher in ≥ 60 mm group (OR: 1.61, CI: 1.40–1.85, p < 0.001) but were similar in 30–59 mm group (OR: 1.06, CI: 0.94–1.20, p < 0.31) compared with < 30 mm group. For every 10 mm increase, there was an increased adjusted risk of in‐patient procedural complications and coronary perforation but not in‐patient MACE or death.ConclusionPatients with very long CTO lesions have higher risk of procedural complications and in‐patient MACE but similar risk of short or long‐term mortality compared with short CTO lesions.
Multiple cystic lesions after treatment for pulmonary cryptococcosis
Authors: Taketa Tomoyo , Nakamura Takahito 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPulmonary cryptococcosis presents various radiological manifestations depending on the immunological status of the host. The most common chest radiographic findings include single or multiple nodules. Herein, we present a rare case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis presenting as multiple cystic lesions that enlarged after treatment.
Dry pleural dissemination of malignancy diagnosed by aggressive thoracoscopy
Authors: Nigi Akina , Toyoshima Hirokazu , Tanigawa Motoaki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDetermination of pleural dissemination of lung cancer helps define the treatment strategy. Positron emission tomography‐computed tomography imaging could be false‐negative for dry pleural dissemination of lung cancer. Clinicians should consider preoperative thoracoscopy in affected patients showing limited pleural effusion, interlobar fine granular shadows, and no metastasis on high‐resolution computed tomography.
Increasing numbers of harbour seals and grey seals in the Solent
Authors: Castles Robyne , Woods Fiona , Hughes Peter , Arnott John , MacCallum Louise , Marley Sarah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHarbour seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) both occur within the UK, but display regional contrasting population trends. While grey seals are typically increasing in number, harbour seals have shown varying trends in recent decades following repeated pandemics. There is a need for monitoring of regional and local populations to understand overall trends. This study utilized a 20‐year dataset of seal counts from two neighboring harbours in the Solent region of south England. Generalized additive models showed a significant increase in the numbers of harbour (mean 5.3–30.5) and grey (mean 0–12.0) seals utilizing Chichester Harbour. Conversely, in Langstone Harbour there has been a slight decrease in the number of harbour seals (mean 5.3–4.0). Accompanying photographic data from 2016 to 18 supports the increase in seal numbers within Chichester Harbour, with a total of 68 harbour and 8 grey seals identified. These data also show evidence of site fidelity of harbour seals in this area, with almost a quarter of animals resighted within the past three years. Overall, this long‐term study indicates an increasing number of both harbour and grey seals within the Solent. However, more research is required to identify the drivers of this trend.
Differences in the occurrence and abundance of batoids across an oceanic archipelago using complementary data sources: Implications for conservation
Authors: Tuya Fernando , Aguilar Ricardo , Espino Fernando , Bosch Nestor E. , Meyers Eva K. M. , Jiménez‐Alvarado David , Castro Jose J. , Otero‐Ferrer Francisco , Haroun Ricardo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBatoids, distributed from shallow to abyssal depths, are considerably vulnerable to anthropogenic threats. Data deficiencies on the distribution patterns of batoids, however, challenge their effective management and conservation. In this study, we took advantage of the particular geological and geomorphological configuration of the Canary Islands, across an east‐to‐west gradient in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, to assess whether patterns in the occurrence and abundance of batoids varied between groups of islands (western, central, and eastern). Data were collected from shallow (<40 m, via underwater visual counts and by a local community science program) and deep waters (60–700 m, via ROV deployments). Eleven species of batoids, assessed by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, were registered, including three “Critically Endangered” (Aetomylaeus bovinus, Dipturus batis, and Myliobatis aquila), three “Endangered” (Gymnura altavela, Mobula mobular, and Rostroraja alba), two “Vulnerable” (Dasyatis pastinaca and Raja maderenseis), and two “Data Deficient” (Taeniurops grabata and Torpedo marmorata). Also, a “Least Concern” species (Bathytoshia lata) was observed. Overall, batoids were ~1 to 2 orders of magnitude more abundant in the central and eastern islands, relative to the western islands. This pattern was consistent among the three sources of data and for both shallow and deep waters. This study, therefore, shows differences in the abundance of batoids across an oceanic archipelago, likely related to varying insular shelf area, availability of habitats, and proximity to the nearby continental (African) mass. Large variation in population abundances among islands suggests that “whole” archipelago management strategies are unlikely to provide adequate conservation. Instead, management plans should be adjusted individually per island and complemented with focused research to fill data gaps on the spatial use and movements of these iconic species.