bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Technique for Solar Power Sites Selection in Duhok Governorate – Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Gaylan Rasul Faqe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy, used particularly in developing countries. There are insufficient fossil fuels and their availability is gradually declining. This leads to a steady increase in prices. Renewable energy is clean, cost-effective and limitless. The considerable population growth and industrial growth have made the construction of solar power plants essential in developing countries. The study used Boolean logical-AHP techniques to select a suitable site for solar power in Duhok Governorate. The result indicated that 68.5% of the area in the governorate of Duhok is available for solar power station construction, especially the most appropriate zone which has 132.2 sq. km and can provide more than 8000 megawatts of solar energy. Most of the appropriate areas are in the south and southwest regions of the governorate, located mostly in the districts of Bardarash, Shekhan and Semel, situated between the major cities of Mosul, Erbil and Duhok. These locations can supply a significant amount of clean, renewable energy for these areas.
Digital Interventions for Subjective and Objective Social Isolation Among Individuals with Mental Health Conditions: A Scoping Review
Authors: Toh Gigi , Pearce Ellie , Vines John , Ikhtabi Sarah , Birken Mary , Pitman Alexandra , Johnson Sonia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSocial isolation encompasses subjective and objective concepts. Both are associated with negative health consequences and are more prevalent among people with mental health problems than among the general population. To alleviate social isolation, digital interventions have potential as accessible alternatives or supplements to face-to-face interventions. This scoping review aimed to describe the types of digital interventions evaluated in research to alleviate social isolation among individuals with mental health problems, and to present an overview of the evidence yielded. MethodsWe systematically searched five electronic databases for quantitative and mixed methods studies published between January 2000 and July 2020. Studies were included if they evaluated digital interventions for individuals with mental health conditions and had subjective and/or objective social isolation as their primary outcome, or as one of their outcomes if no primary outcome was specified. Feasibility studies were included if feasibility outcomes were the primary outcomes and social isolation was among their secondary outcomes. A narrative synthesis was conducted to present our findings. The protocol was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF) (doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CNX8A).ResultsThirty-two studies were identified as meeting criteria for our review: there were 16 feasibility studies, seven single-group studies and nine effectiveness trials. There was great variation in the interventions, study designs and sample populations. Interventions included web-based programmes, phone-based programmes, blended interventions, socially assistive robots and virtual reality interventions. Many were feasibility studies, or otherwise not fully powered to detect an effect if one were present, thus preventing clear conclusions about clinical effectiveness. Satisfactory feasibility outcomes indicated potential for future trials to assess these interventions.ConclusionOur scoping review identified a range of digital approaches utilized to alleviate social isolation among individuals with mental health disorders. Conclusions regarding clinical effectiveness cannot be reached due to variability of approaches and the lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials. To make clear recommendations for digital social isolation interventions, future research needs to use rigorous methods to conduct studies with larger samples. Future studies should also focus on utilizing theory-driven approaches and improving existing approaches to advance the field.
αvβ3-Targeted sEvs for Efficient Intracellular Delivery of Proteins Using MFG-E8
Authors: Mai Junxin , Wang Kai , Liu Chenxuexuan , Xiong Sheng , Xie Qiuling 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEvs) are nanometer-sized membranous particles shed by many types of cells and can transfer a multitude of cargos between cells. Recent studies of sEvs have been focusing on their potential to be novel drug carriers due to natural composition and other promising characteristics. However, there are challenges in sEvs-based drug delivery, one of which is the inefficient loading of drugs into sEvs, especially for large biomolecules. Results: In this study, we proposed a membrane-associated protein milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor 8 protein (MFG-E8) to produce αvβ3-targeted sEvs with high delivery efficiency of interested protein. MFG-E8 is a secreted protein with NH2-terminal epidermal growth factor (EGF)–like domains, containing an Arg-Gly-Asp sequence that binds αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins, and COOH terminal domains C1 and C2, which can bind to lipid membrane with strong affinity. Firstly, we transiently expressed MFG-E8 in HEK293F cells and found that this protein could be secreted and adhere to the cell membrane. The recombinant MFG-E8 is also secreted into sEvs and located at the outer membrane of sEvs. Then we generated engineered sEvs by expressing high levels of the EGFP fused to MFG-E8 in HEK293F cells and showed that MFG-E8 could increase the delivery efficiency of EGFP into sEvs. Further delivery of Gaussia luciferase（GL） by fusion expression with MFG-E8 in donor cells demonstrated that target proteins fused with MFG-E8 still kept their activity. Finally, we identified the sEvs’ target to αvβ3 by comparing the transfection efficiency with MFG-E8 loaded sEvs(Exo-MFG-E8) in αvβ positive cells and αvβ3 negative cells. Analysis showed higher target protein could transfect into αvβ positive cells with Exo-MFG-E8 than with sEvs only with EGFP(Exo-EGFP), meaning the engineered sEvs with MFG-E8 not only could target the αvβ positive cells, but also could increase the delivery of target protein into sEvs.Conclusion: this study suggests that recombinant MFG-E8 is an ideal protein to increasingly deliver the drug into sEvs and give sEvs the ability to target the αvβ positive cells.
Gender Differences in Outpatients with Dementia from a Large Psychiatric Hospital in China
Authors: Zhou Jiaojiao , Guo Chengwei , Ren Li , Zhu Dandi , Zhen Wenfeng , Zhang Saina , Zhang Qing’e 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The sociodemographic characteristics and clinical features of dementia patients in psychiatric hospitals have not been well discussed in China. This study was to explore gender differences in outpatients with dementia from a psychiatric hospital in China.Methods: This retrospective study examined outpatients with dementia from January 2013 to August 2019 using data in the OMOP common data model (OMOP-CDM) in Beijing Anding Hospital. Age, sex, number of visits, use of drugs and comorbid conditions were recorded by medical records.Results: 9,004 patients were recruited, and the mean number of visits weas 6.92. There were 3,433 (38.13%) male patients and 5,571 (61.87%) female patients. The most common comorbidities were generalized anxiety disorder, nonorganic insomnia, delusional disorder and depressive disorder. The proportion of use of drugs was highest in antidementia (68.30%), followed by benzodiazepines (48.83%), antipsychotics (45.43%), antidepressants (22.24%) and nonbenzodiazepines (19.96%). Patients with dementia showed a significant gender difference in average age (t=6.36, P＜0.0001). Compared to male patients, female patients had a higher number of visits (7.40±12.90 vs 6.15±10.50, t=4.81, P＜0.0001). There were significant differences in comorbidity composition between male and female patients (t=23.09, P＜0.0001).Conclusions: Our present findings suggested significant gender differences in the proportion of age, number of visits and comorbidity composition in outpatients with dementia.
Quercetin: Silent Retarder of Fatty Acid Oxidation in Breast Cancer Metastasis Through Steering of Mitochondrial CPT1
Authors: Ruidas Bhuban , Sur Tapas Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Chitrangada Das , Sinha Koel , Chaudhury Sutapa Som , Sharma Pramita , Bhowmick Sovonlal , Saha Achintya , Majumder Rabindranath 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recent evidence concreted that maximum energy in metastatic breast cancer progression is supplied by fatty acid oxidation (FAO) governed by a rate-limiting enzyme, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1). Therefore, active limitation of FAO could be an emerging aspect to inhibit breast cancer progression. Herein, for the first time we have introduced Quercetin (QT) from a non-dietary source (Mikania micrantha Kunth) to seize the FAO in triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) through an active targeting of CPT1. Apart from successive molecular quantification, QT has resulted a significant reduction in the intracellular mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic function limiting extensive ATP production. In turn, QT has elevated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depleted antioxidant level to induce anti-metastatic and cell apoptosis activities. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) investigated the FAO associated gene expression resulting significant depletion in FAO which were further confirmed through the successful in-silico molecular docking prediction for active binding potentiality of QT to CPT1. Subsequently, QT has shown an excellent in-vivo antitumor activities through the altered lipid profile and oxidative stress healing capabilities in female breast cancer BALB/c mice model. Therefore, all the obtained data significantly grounded the fact that QT could be a promising metabolism-targeted breast cancer therapeutics.
The Relationship Between Short-Term Exposure To Air Pollution With Hospitalization and Mortality of Cardiovascular (CVD) and Respiratory Diseases in Shahrekord, Iran
Authors: Neisi Abdolkazem , Dastoorpoor Maryam , Godarzi Gholamreza , Fadaei Abdolmajid , Angali Kambiz Ahmadi , Naghan Davood Jalili 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background and objectives: Air pollution has been widely considered as an important factor in causing heart disease, respiratory disease, and death. This study sought to determine the relationship between short-term exposure to air pollutants and hospital admissions, cardiovascular and respiratory deaths and total mortality rate in Shahrekord, Iran.Procedure: This is a time series and ecological research. We collected data on hospital admissions and cardiovascular mortality and total mortality from 2012 to 2018. The study used the quasi-Poisson regression combined with linear distributed lag models, adjusted for trend, seasonality, temperature, relative humidity, weekdays and holidays.Results: Our results show a direct and significant statistical relationship between: O3 exposure in lag4 for total mortality, PM10 exposure in lag1 for total mortality and in lag4 and lag1 for respiratory death, PM2.5 exposure for total cardiovascular admissions in lag5, respiratory mortality in lag4, total respiratory admissions in lag3, NO2 exposure to respiratory mortality in lag1, and cardiovascular mortality in lag0, increased risk of death and pathogenesis.The results show a statistically significant inverse relationship between: NO and total admissions in lag3 and for respiratory mortality in lag1 between PM2.5 and cardiovascular mortality in lag1, NO with respiratory mortality in lag1 and cardiovascular admissions in lag3, NO2 with cardiovascular admissions in lag1 and NOX with respiratory death in lag0, which reduces the risk of death and pathogenesis.Conclusion: Air pollution has a significant relationship with the number of hospital admissions and mortality in Shahrekord, Iran.
High PANX1 Expression Leads To Neutrophil Recruitment And Formation of A High Adenosine Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Wuzhen , Li Baizhou , Ni Chao , Jia Fang , Li Jiaxin , Huang Huanhuan , Xia Wenjie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
High adenosine levels are an important characteristic of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Pannexin 1 (PANX1) can release intracellular ATP to the extracellular space and elevate extracellular ATP (exATP) levels under physiological conditions. We performed public database bioinformatics analysis, surgical specimen histological validation, RNA sequencing, and exATP/extracellular adenosine (exADO) assays in vitro and in vivo to reveal the role of PANX1 in regulating the immune microenvironment of TNBC. Our results revealed that PANX1 was highly expressed and acted as a poor prognostic factor in TNBC. The PANX1 expression level was positively correlated with exATP and exADO levels in the TNBC TME. PANX1 promoted infiltration of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) through exATP, and TANs highly expressed ENTPD1 (CD39) / NT5E (CD73). This study suggests that high PANX1 expression could promote TAN accumulation and adenosine production in the TNBC TME which have been shown to induce local immunosuppression.
Ethanol Extract from Astilbe Chinensis Inflorescence Suppresses Inflammation in Macrophages and Growth of Key Oral Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Han Jong Min , Yun Ina , Yang Kyung Mi , Kim Hye-Sung , Kim Young-Youn , Jeong Wonsik , Hong Seong Su , Hwang Inseong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Dysregulation of infection-derived inflammatory responses has been one of the crucial pathological causes of oral diseases. Even though the organic extracts of Astilbe chinensis have been frequently reported to have anti-inflammatory activity, the study on the extract of A. chinensis inflorescence has yet to be reported. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of A. chinensis collected from a variety of regions and seasons and successfully demonstrated that GA-13-6, an ethanol extract of A. chinensis inflorescence collected in a flowering season, inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) both in mRNA and protein levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Importantly, we for the first time confirmed that GA-13-6 efficiently inhibited the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus mutans, showing that GA-13-6 possesses antibacterial activity against these pivotal oral pathogens. Thus, GA-13-6 is a potential active ingredient not only for the treatment or prevention of periodontal and dental diseases but many other inflammation-related diseases.
A Computational Framework for Transmission Risk Assessment of Aerosolized Particles in Classrooms
Authors: Tan Kendrick , Gao Boshun , Yang Cheng-Hau , Johnson Emily , Hsu Ming-Chen , Passalacqua Alberto , Krishnamurthy Adarsh , Ganapathysubramanian Baskar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has rendered confined spaces as high-risk areas. There is an increasing push to resume in-person activities, for instance, teaching in K-12 and university settings. It becomes important to evaluate the risk of airborne disease transmission while accounting for the physical presence of humans, furniture, and electronic equipment, as well as ventilation. Here, we present a computational framework based on detailed flow physics simulations that allows straightforward evaluation of various seating and operating scenarios to identify risk factors and assess the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies. These scenarios include seating arrangement changes, presence/absence of computer screens, ventilation rate changes, and presence/absence of mask-wearing. This approach democratizes risk assessment by automating a key bottleneck in simulation-based analysis--creating an adequately refined mesh around multiple complex geometries. Not surprisingly, we find that wearing masks (with at least 74% inward protection efficiency) significantly reduced transmission risk against unmasked and infected individuals. The availability of such an analysis approach will allow education administrators, government officials (courthouses, police stations), and hospital administrators to make informed decisions on seating arrangements and operating procedures.
Optimising for equity: Sensor coverage, networks and the responsive city
Authors: Robinson Caitlin , Franklin Rachel S. , Roberts Jack 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Decisions about sensor placement in cities are inherently complex, balancing structural inequalities with the differential needs of populations, local stakeholder priorities and the technical specificities of the sensors themselves. Rapid developments in urban data collection and Geographic Data Science have the potential to support these decision-making processes, yet even the most cutting-edge algorithms cannot deliver on complete and equitable sensor coverage. Focusing on a case study of air-quality sensors in Newcastle-upon-Tyne (UK), we employ spatial optimisation algorithms as a descriptive tool to illustrate the complex trade-offs that produce sensor networks that miss important groups—even when the explicit coverage goal is one of equity. The problem is not technical; rather it is demographic, structural and financial. Despite the considerable constraints that emerge from our analysis, we argue the data collected via sensor networks is of continued importance when evidencing core urban injustices (e.g., air pollution or climate-related heat). We therefore make the case for a clearer distinction to be made between sensors for monitoring and sensors for surveillance, arguing that a wider presumption of bad intent for all sensors potentially limits the visibility of positive types of sensing. For the purpose of monitoring, we also propose that basic spatial optimisation tools can help to elucidate and remediate spatial injustices in sensor networks.
YY1 lactylation in microglia promotes angiogenesis through transcription activation-mediated upregulation of FGF2
Authors: Wang Xiaotang , Fan Wei , Li Na , Wang Guoqing , He Siyuan , Li Wanqian , Tan Jun , Lu Qi , Hou Shengping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness. Retinal microglia have been implicated in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and vasculopathy, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report that lactylation in microglia is critical for retinal neovascularization. Using lactylome and proteomic analyses, we identified a list of hyperlactylated proteins in the context of increased lactate under hypoxia. Yin Yang-1 (YY1), a transcription factor, is lactylated at lysine 183 (K183) under hypoxia, which is regulated by p300. Furthermore, hyperlactylated YY1 directly enhances fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) transcription and promotes angiogenesis. YY1 mutation at K183 eliminates these effects. Notably, clinical retrospective analysis shows that lactate concentrations in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) infants are significantly increased compared with those in controls. Taken together, our results demonstrate that YY1 lactylation in microglia promotes FGF2 expression and plays a pivotal proangiogenic role, providing new insights into retinal neovascular diseases.
CSDVP: Compressed Sensing for Drug-Virus Prediction
Authors: Besharatifard Milad , Gharagozlou Arshia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic has recently hit most countries hard. Therefore, many researchers around the world are looking for a way to control this virus. Examining existing medications and using them to prevent this epidemic can be helpful. Drug repositioning solutions can be effective because designing and discovering a drug can be very time-consuming. Although no drug has been definitively approved for the treatment of this disease, the effectiveness of a few drugs for the treatment of the disease has been observed. In this study, with the help of computational matrix factorization methods, the associations between drugs and viruses have been predicted. By combining the similarities between the drugs and the similarities between the viruses and using the compressed sensing technique, we investigated the association between the drug and the virus. The Compressed Sensing approach to Drug-Virus Prediction (CSDVP) can work well. We compared the proposed method with other methods in this field and found its accuracy is more desirable than other methods. In fact, the CSDVP approach with the Human drug virus database (HDVD) and evaluation through 5-fold CV, with AUC = 0.87 and AUPR = 0.37, can identify the relationship between drugs and viruses. We also investigated the effect of drug properties on model performance improvement using autoencoder. Thus, with each decrease in the size of the characteristics in different sizes, we examined the performance of the CSDVP model in predicting the drug-virus relationship. The relationship between drugs and coronavirus infection is also analyzed, and the results are presented.
Enhancing Occupant Safety by Pre-active Seat Control for Out-of-seat Position before Autonomous Emergency Braking Operation
Authors: Kang Myeongkwan , Kim Hyungjoo , Cho Youngkuen , Kim Seonglae , Lim Dohyung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The pre-active safety seat (PSS) is a recently developed active safety system for securing occupant safety in out-of-seat position (OOSP), which was applied in the Hyundai Genesis G80 in 2020. However, there has not been sufficient quantifiable verification supporting the effectiveness of the PSS. The present study was performed to determine the effectiveness of the PSS for occupant safety in OOSP and to identify areas for additional improvement. Six test conditions were considered to determine the effectiveness of the PSS for augmentation of occupant safety in OOSP. Ten healthy men participated in the tests. Compared with the no PSS condition, maximum head excursion and neck rotation were significantly decreased in the PSS condition by 0.31–0.79-fold and 0.33–0.48-fold, respectively (p < 0.05). The PSS condition in which the seat pan was moved forward to the mid position showed a greater effect in reducing the characteristic motions related to submarining, compared with the condition in which the seat pan was moved rearward to the mid position (p < 0.05). These results suggested that PSS augments occupant safety in OOSP. This study provides valuable insights in ameliorating risks to the occupant in unintended seat positions before braking and/or collision.