bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABO Blood Group as a Potential Risk Factor for Dental Caries: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jan Afreen , Aggarwal Dipanshu , Pallavi Kriti , Ashraf Asifa , Waghmode Poonam , Khan Malik Aqueel Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that affects people of all ages due to a complex interplay between genetic and environmental variables. The significance of genetics in an individual's vulnerability to caries has recently been explored in scientific literature. One such inherited genetic characteristic is blood group. The relationship between blood type, lifestyle, and dental caries may shed light on the above idea.
Aim: To explore into blood type as a possible risk factor for the development of dental caries.
Material And Methods: Blood samples from 39 people of the index ages (5, 12, 15, 35-44, and 60-74 years) were taken, and blood grouping was done before oral screening to determine the DMFT index. A self-administered questionnaire was used to conduct a complete diet analysis. SPSS software was used to do statistical analysis on the data.
Results: In different age groups, there was a strong link between different blood types, DMFT index, and diet.
Conclusion: The current study's results demonstrate that genetic and epigenetic variables play a significant influence in the development of dental caries. As a result, blood groups can be utilised to detect if a certain diet is associated with the development of dental caries.
Keywords: Dental caries, ABO antigens, Blood group, DMFT index, risk predictors
ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Мухаметгареева Наталья 
Published: November 2021

The article is dedicated to the questions of the development of the environmental law in the Russian Federation and in the European Union this process began virtually simultaneously for each entity. Comparative analysis of the environmental legislation’s development level of two entities that considerably differs from each other is made. Comparative law research allows coming to the conclusion that the European experience of ecological legisla- tion and environmental legal regulation should help to improve the Russian legislation in this sphere. However the author indicates that historically environmental law developed and keeps developing within the nation states.
El valor pedagógico del turismo oscuro: viajes de “memoria histórica”
Authors: Fraile Cristina Martínez 
Published: November 2021

El eje central de esta reflexión sobre el turismo oscuro pone de relieve el valor pedagógico que puede extraerse de estas experiencias turísticas. Como si de un ejercicio de memoria histórica se tratara, se extraerán no sólo conocimientos relacionados con la historia sino que se pondrán de manifiesto cuestiones éticas y morales de importante consideración.
Dos proyectos realizados desde el Dpto. de Filología Alemana de la Universidad de Sevilla y financiados por el DAAD han servido como implementación de la propuesta que aquí se cita.
Patrimonio cultural oscuro como recurso para el diseño y comercialización de experiencias turísticas
Authors: Sánchez-Clemente Ramos Andrés 
Published: November 2021

La demanda y oferta de objetos o experiencias insólitas es una realidad: hay mercado. Pero ante la saturación del mercado turístico los productores de experiencias turísticas emplean todas las estrategias y recursos disponibles para captar la atención en el púbico, generando así interés y la posterior transacción. Ante un “océano rojo” parece justificado hacer uso de estrategias y recursos de forma indiscriminada. Pero ¿qué ocurre cuando se interpretan o comercializan atributos asociados al sufrimiento? ¿qué sucede cuando la experiencia turística ofrecida se centra en la muerte? El tratamiento de este nuevo patrimonio cultural específico (oscuro) y su empleo como recurso para diseñar o comercializar experiencias turísticas es un reto que se nos plantea al sector patrimonial.
Bioinspired Synthesis of ZnO@polydopamine/Au for Label-Free Photoelectrochemical Immunoassay of Amyloid-β Protein
Authors: He Guangli , Zhou Yue , Li Mifang , Guo Yanzhen , Yin Hang , Yang Baocheng , Zhang Shouren , Liu Yibiao 
Published: November 2021

Amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is an important biomarker and plays a key role in the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, an ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on ZnO@polydopamine/Au nanocomposites was constructed for quantitative detection of Aβ. In this sensing system, the ZnO nanorod array decorated with PDA films and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have excellent visible-light activity. The PDA film was used as a sensitizer for charge separation, and it also was used for antibody binding. Moreover, Au NPs were loaded on the surface of PDA film by in situ deposition, which further improved the charge transfer efficiency and the PEC activity in visible light due to the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of Au NPs. Therefore, in ZnO@polydopamine/Au nanocomposites, a significantly enhanced photocurrent response was obtained on this photoelectrode, which provides a good and reliable signal for early detection of AD. Under the optimized conditions, the PEC immunosensor displayed a wide linear range from 1 pg/mL to 100 ng/mL and a low detection limit of 0.26 pg/mL. In addition, this PEC immunosensor also presented good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. This work may provide a promising point-of-care testing method toward advanced PEC immunoassays for AD biomarkers.
Research Progress, Challenges, and Breakthroughs of Organoids as Disease Models
Authors: Huang Yisheng , Huang Zhijie , Tang Zhengming , Chen Yuanxin , Huang Mingshu , Liu Hongyu , Huang Weibo , Ye Qingsong , Jia Bo 
Published: November 2021

Traditional cell lines and xenograft models have been widely recognized and used in research. As a new research model, organoids have made significant progress and development in the past 10 years. Compared with traditional models, organoids have more advantages and have been applied in cancer research, genetic diseases, infectious diseases, and regenerative medicine. This review presented the advantages and disadvantages of organoids in physiological development, pathological mechanism, drug screening, and organ transplantation. Further, this review summarized the current situation of vascularization, immune microenvironment, and hydrogel, which are the main influencing factors of organoids, and pointed out the future directions of development.
Transmembrane Protein Ttyh1 Maintains the Quiescence of Neural Stem Cells Through Ca2+/NFATc3 Signaling
Authors: Cao Yuan , Wu Hai-ning , Cao Xiu-li , Yue Kang-yi , Han Wen-juan , Cao Zi-peng , Zhang Yu-fei , Gao Xiang-yu , Luo Ceng , Jiang Xiao-fan , Han Hua , Zheng Min-hua 
Published: November 2021

The quiescence, activation, and subsequent neurogenesis of neural stem cells (NSCs) play essential roles in the physiological homeostasis and pathological repair of the central nervous system. Previous studies indicate that transmembrane protein Ttyh1 is required for the stemness of NSCs, whereas the exact functions in vivo and precise mechanisms are still waiting to be elucidated. By constructing Ttyh1-promoter driven reporter mice, we determined the specific expression of Ttyh1 in quiescent NSCs and niche astrocytes. Further evaluations on Ttyh1 knockout mice revealed that Ttyh1 ablation leads to activated neurogenesis and enhanced spatial learning and memory in adult mice (6–8 weeks). Correspondingly, Ttyh1 deficiency results in accelerated exhaustion of NSC pool and impaired neurogenesis in aged mice (12 months). By RNA-sequencing, bioinformatics and molecular biological analysis, we found that Ttyh1 is involved in the regulation of calcium signaling in NSCs, and transcription factor NFATc3 is a critical effector in quiescence versus cell cycle entry regulated by Ttyh1. Our research uncovered new endogenous mechanisms that regulate quiescence versus activation of NSCs, therefore provide novel targets for the intervention to activate quiescent NSCs to participate in injury repair during pathology and aging.
Selective Interventricular Septal Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Who Can Benefit?
Authors: Liu Qiang , Qiu Hangyuan , Jiang Ruhong , Tang Xiaomei , Guo Wenpu , Zhou Kuangshi , Chen Qiufan , Sun Yaxun , Yu Lu , Chen Shiquan , Zhang Pei , Sheng Xia , Zhu Jun , Lin Jianwei , Cheng Hui , Wang Yunhe , Wang Bei , Yu Chan , Mao Yankai , Zhang Juhong , Zhang Zuwen , Zei Paul C. , Fu Guosheng , Jiang Chenyang 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Septal mass reduction is beneficial for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) patients with severe left ventricular outflow (LVOT) gradient and symptoms, with surgical myectomy or alcohol septal ablation (ASA) currently recommended in selected patients. Radiofrequency (RF) ablation of hypertrophied septum has been published as a novel method to alleviate LVOT obstruction in small populations. This study aims to investigate factors influencing clinical outcomes of radiofrequency septum ablation.Methods and Results: In this study, 20 patients with HOCM who underwent endocardial ablation were included. Echocardiography and cardiac MRI (CMR) data was collected and analyzed pre- and (or) post- procedure. Nineteen patients underwent ablation successfully, while ablation was aborted in one patient with prior RBBB due to transient complete atrioventricular block (AVB). After 6 months of follow-up, NYHA heart functional class improved from III (2 - 3) to II (1 - 2) (p &lt; 0.001), and resting LVOT gradient was significantly reduced (87.6 ± 29.5 mmHg vs. 48.1 ± 29.7, p &lt; 0.001). LVOT gradient reduction was significantly higher in patients with limited basal septal hypertrophy (60.9 ± 8.3 vs. 27.9 ± 7.1, p = 0.01), shorter anterior mitral leaflet (56.1 ± 6.4 vs. 20.4 ± 5.0, p &lt; 0.01), and normally positioned papillary muscle (36.9 ± 7.1 vs. 75.0 ± 6.3, p &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: Endocardial septal ablation appears to be a safe and effective procedure for alleviating LVOT gradient in patients with HOCM, especially in those with limited basal septal hypertrophy, shorter anterior mitral leaflet, and normal positioned papillary muscle.
Substrate Entrainment, Depositional Relief, and Sediment Capture: Impact of a Submarine Landslide on Flow Process and Sediment Supply
Authors: Martínez-Doñate A. , Privat A. M-L. J. , Hodgson D. M. , Jackson C. A-L. , Kane I. A. , Spychala Y. T. , Duller R. A. , Stevenson C. , Keavney E. , Schwarz E. , Flint S. S. 
Published: November 2021

Submarine landslides can generate complicated patterns of seafloor relief that influence subsequent flow behaviour and sediment dispersal patterns. In subsurface studies, the term mass transport deposits (MTDs) is commonly used and covers a range of processes and resultant deposits. While the large-scale morphology of submarine landslide deposits can be resolved in seismic reflection data, the nature of their upper surface and its impact on both facies distributions and stratal architecture of overlying deposits is rarely resolvable. However, field-based studies often allow a more detailed characterisation of the deposit. The early post-rift Middle Jurassic deep-water succession of the Los Molles Formation is exceptionally well-exposed along a dip-orientated WSW-ENE outcrop belt in the Chacay Melehue depocentre, Neuquén Basin, Argentina. We correlate 27 sedimentary logs constrained by marker beds to document the sedimentology and architecture of a &gt;47 m thick and at least 9.6 km long debrite, which contains two different types of megaclasts. The debrite overlies ramps and steps, indicating erosion and substrate entrainment. Two distinct sandstone-dominated units overlie the debrite. The lower sandstone unit is characterised by: 1) abrupt thickness changes, wedging and progressive rotation of laminae in sandstone beds associated with growth strata; and 2) detached sandstone load balls within the underlying debrite. The combination of these features suggests syn-sedimentary foundering processes due to density instabilities at the top of the fluid-saturated mud-rich debrite. The debrite relief controlled the spatial distribution of foundered sandstones. The upper sandstone unit is characterised by thin-bedded deposits, locally overlain by medium-to thick-bedded lobe axis/off-axis deposits. The thin-beds show local thinning and onlapping onto the debrite, where it develops its highest relief. Facies distributions and stacking patterns record the progradation of submarine lobes and their complex interaction with long-lived debrite-related topography. The emplacement of a kilometre-scale debrite in an otherwise mud-rich basinal setting and accumulation of overlying sand-rich deposits suggests a genetic link between the mass-wasting event and transient coarse clastic sediment supply to an otherwise sand-starved part of the basin. Therefore, submarine landslides demonstrably impact the routing and behaviour of subsequent sediment gravity flows, which must be considered when predicting facies distributions and palaeoenvironments above MTDs in subsurface datasets.
Comprehensive Metabolomics Study in Children With Graves’ Disease
Authors: Xia Qin , Qian Weifeng , Chen Linqi , Chen Xiuli , Xie Rongrong , Zhang Dandan , Wu Haiying , Sun Hui , Wang Fengyun , Liu Jingjing , Chen Ting 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveGraves’ disease (GD) related hyperthyroidism (HT) has profound effects on metabolic activity and metabolism of macromolecules affecting energy homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to get a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic changes and their clinical relevance in GD children.MethodsWe investigated serum substances from 30 newly diagnosed GD children and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We explored the metabolomics using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) analysis, and then analyzed the metabolomic data via multivariate statistical analysis.ResultsBy untargeted metabolomic analysis, a total of 730 metabolites were identified in all participants, among which 48 differential metabolites between GD and control groups were filtered out, including amino acids, dipeptides, lipids, purines, etc. Among these metabolites, 33 were detected with higher levels, while 15 with lower levels in GD group compared to controls. Pathway analysis showed that HT had a significant impact on aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) biosynthesis, several amino acids metabolism, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism.ConclusionIn this study, via untargeted metabolomics analysis, significant variations of serum metabolomic patterns were detected in GD children.
The Impact of Coexistent Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis on Central Compartment Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yang , Lv Hongjun , Zhang Shaoqiang , Shi Bingyin , Sun Yushi 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundHashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most prevalent inflammatory disorder of the thyroid gland. Current studies have reported the coexistence rate between HT and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is quite high. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of HT on the predictive factors of central compartment lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTC.MethodsA retrospective investigation was performed on PTC patients. They were subclassified into HT and non-HT groups. The results of preoperative neck ultrasound (US) examinations were reviewed. The clinical characteristics and the predictive value for CLNM were explored and compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 756 patients were included in this study. There were more female patients (86.1%) in the PTC coexistent with the HT group than non-HT group. The patients with HT group had higher preoperative serum level of TSH. There was statistically significant difference between the HT patients and non-HT patients in nodular vascularization. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that male, age ≤45 years old, tumor diameter &gt;1 cm, and presence of suspicious central compartment lymph node on US, irregular nodular shape, multifocal carcinoma were independent predictive factors of CLNM in PTC patients. It was showed that male, age ≤45 years old, tumor diameter &gt;1 cm, multifocality, and presence of suspicious central lymph node on US were risk factors for CLNM in non-HT patients. Only tumor diameter &gt;1 cm and presence of suspicious central lymph node on US were independently correlated with CLNM in HT patients. The sensitivity of the multivariate model was 63.5%, and specificity was 88.9% for prediction CLNM in HT patients. For non-HT patients, the AUC was 80.6%, the sensitivity of the multivariate model was 64.5%, and specificity was 85.2%ConclusionPTC combined with HT is more common in women, and TSH level in HT group is higher than that in patients with PTC alone. Regardless of that HT is not a related risk factor of CLNM in PTC, our result suggested that different predictive systems should be used for HT and non-HT patients respectively to have a more accurate evaluation of CLNM in clinic.
Strong Electrorheological Performance of Smart Fluids Based on TiO2 Particles at Relatively Low Electric Field
Authors: Cheng Yuchuan , Zhao Zihui , Wang Hui , Hua Letian , Sun Aihua , Wang Jun , Li Zhixiang , Guo Jianjun , Xu Gaojie 
Published: November 2021

Electrorheological (ER) fluids are a type of smart material with adjustable rheological properties. Generally, the high yield stress (&gt;100 kPa) requires high electric field strength (&gt;4 kV/mm). Herein, the TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via the sol–gel method. Interestingly, the ER fluid-based TiO2 nanoparticles give superior high yield stress of 144.0 kPa at only 2.5 kV/mm. By exploring the characteristic structure and dielectric property of TiO2 nanoparticles and ER fluid, the surface polar molecules on samples were assumed to play a crucial role for their giant electrorheological effect, while interfacial polarization was assumed to be dominated and induces large yield stress at the low electric field, which gives the advantage in low power consumption, sufficient shear stress, low leaking current, and security.
Clinical Studies on Ultrafractionated Chemoradiation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Scirocco Erica , Cellini Francesco , Zamagni Alice , Macchia Gabriella , Deodato Francesco , Cilla Savino , Strigari Lidia , Buwenge Milly , Rizzo Stefania , Cammelli Silvia , Morganti Alessio Giuseppe 
Published: November 2021

AimThe efficacy of low-dose fractionated radiotherapy (LDFRT) and chemotherapy (CHT) combination has large preclinical but little clinical evidence. Therefore, the aim of this review was to collect and analyze the clinical results of LDRT plus concurrent CHT in patients with advanced cancers.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed using the PRISMA methodology. Only studies based on the combination of LDFRT (&lt; 1 Gy/fraction) and CHT were included. Endpoints of the analysis were tumor response, toxicity, and overall survival, with particular focus on any differences between LDFRT-CHT and CHT alone.ResultsTwelve studies (307 patients) fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in this review. Two studies were retrospective, one was a prospective pilot trial, six were phase II studies, two were phase I trials, and one was a phase I/II open label study. No randomized controlled trials were found. Seven out of eight studies comparing clinical response showed higher rates after LDFRT-CHT compared to CHT alone. Three out of four studies comparing survival reported improved results after combined treatment. Three studies compared toxicity of CHT and LDFRT plus CHT, and all of them reported similar adverse events rates. In most cases, toxicity was manageable with only three likely LDFRT-unrelated fatal events (1%), all recorded in the same series on LDFRT plus temozolomide in glioblastoma multiforme patients.ConclusionNone of the analyzed studies provided level I evidence on the clinical impact of LDFRT plus CHT. However, it should be noted that, apart from two small series of breast cancers, all studies reported improved therapeutic outcomes and similar tolerability compared to CHT alone. Systematic Review Registrationwww.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42020206639.
Associations Between PTSD Symptom Custers and Longitudinal Changes in Suicidal Ideation: Comparison Between 4-Factor and 7-Factor Models of DSM-5 PTSD Symptoms
Authors: Chu Che-Sheng , Chou Po-Han , Wang Shao-Cheng , Horikoshi Masaru , Ito Masaya 
Published: November 2021

Objective: The association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal ideation (SI) is well-known. However, a few studies have investigated the associations between PTSD symptom clusters based on the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and changes in suicide risk longitudinally.Methods: We adopted a longitudinal study design using data from the National Survey for Stress and Health of 3,090 of the Japanese population. The first and second surveys were conducted on November 2016 and March 2017, respectively. The suicidal ideation attributes scale was applied to assess the severity of suicidal ideation at baseline and the follow-up period. A multivariate linear regression model was conducted to examine the associations between the 4- or 7-factor model of PTSD symptom clusters at baseline and longitudinal changes in SI.Results: Overall, 3,090 subjects were analyzed (mean age, 44.9 ± 10.9 years; 48.8% female) at Baseline, and 2,163 completed the second survey. In the 4-factor model, we found that the severity of negative alternations in cognition and mood were significantly associated with increased SI after 4 months. In the 7-factor model, we found that the severity of anhedonia and externalizing behavior at baseline was significantly associated with increased SI during the follow-up period.Conclusions: We found that the seven-factor model of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms may provide greater specificity in predicting longitudinal SI change in the general population. Closely monitoring specific PTSD core symptoms may be more effective in mitigating key clinical and functional outcomes.