bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐objective optimization of coaxial cables with foamed LDPE/HDPE dielectric layers: Correlating process parameters with foam structure and impact on piezoelectric and electrical properties
Authors: Rostami Milad , Daryadel Mahsa , Azdast Taher , Moradian Milad , Feizlou Nima 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPolymeric foams are one of the new candidates for use in the dielectric layer of coaxial cables to improve their piezoelectric and electrical properties. These properties are affected by the structural properties, which depend on material and processing parameters. In this research study, first, the effect of cell size, cell density, and expansion ratio was theoretically studied on the piezoelectric and electrical properties. Then the effect of talc content, processing temperature, and cooling method was investigated on the structural, piezoelectric, and electrical properties of the produced coaxial cables. The examinations revealed that the increase in cell size, cell density, and expansion ratio increases the piezoelectric coefficient and velocity of propagation and decreases attenuation. According to the analysis of variance results, the talc content parameter was the most effective parameter on cell size, cell density, and piezoelectric coefficient with the contribution of 72%, 83%, and 69%, respectively. Also, the processing temperature parameter was the most effective parameter on the expansion ratio and electrical properties with the contribution of 42%, and 41%, respectively. Finally, the produced sample with talc content of 2 wt%, processing temperature of 125°C, and cooling method by water was introduced as the optimum sample by the multi‐objective optimization.Highlights
Production of foamed dielectric layers in extrusion process of coaxial cables.
Effect of cell structure on piezoelectric and electrical properties.
Effect of process on structural, piezoelectric and electrical properties.
Optimization of structural, piezoelectric, and electrical properties.
Optimum conditions: 2 wt% of talc, temperature of 125°C, and water cooling.
Polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolyesters as extracellular matrix scaffolds by 3D printing technology
Authors: Panaksri Anuchan , Tanadchangsaeng Nuttapol 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMicrobial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biocompatible and biodegradable polyesters synthesized from biomass resources by various microbes in appropriate growth conditions as intracellular energy storage. PHAs have great biocompatibility, low immunological response, bioresorption, non‐toxic degradation products and possibly resilient cell adhesion properties. Their mechanical characteristics can be modified to fit numerous tissues ranging from very soft (skin) to hard (bone). Multiple approaches have been used to create well‐defined architectures with the best characteristics for processing as medical devices and biomedical application tools. The implementation of PHAs into medical devices as new functional materials with advanced 3D printing techniques has been described. Additionally, new challenges in improving PHA‐based bioinks for creating scaffolds with enhanced biodegradation control suitable for tissue regeneration are also elucidated in this review. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Direct Nitrogen Fixation in Air Over Soil Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for Enhanced Plant Growth
Authors: Shu Jiawang , Xu Xueqin , Cheng Hong , Cui Yinghui , Ni Jiupai , Ni Chengsheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTArtificial nitrogen fixation through high‐voltage discharging using renewable energy sources could be a controllable and sustainable path to feed the increasing global population. In this research, soil, as a carrier and catalyst, was filled between the electrodes of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to accelerate nitrate nitrogen (NO3–‐N) production from the ambient air at atmospheric pressure. DBD plasma could increase the NO3–‐N content in soil up to 80 mg kg‐1 in either yellow or red soils within 20 s. The minerals of transition metals in soil were important for the synthesis of NO3–‐N. Precipitated NO3–‐N in the red or yellow soil promoted water spinach's biomass and N uptake.
Discharge and Gas Parameters Optimization for Toluene Degradation in a Perpendicular Magnetic Field‐Assisted Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor
Authors: Qin Liang , Jiang Nan , Sun Yun , Zhang Shuai , Sheng Zunrong , Li Jie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, we employed a nanosecond‐pulsed gear‐cylinder dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) assisted by a perpendicular magnetic field (MF) for toluene degradation. The effects of key discharge and gas parameters, as well as their optimal combinations with the perpendicular MF, on toluene degradation were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the maximum toluene degradation efficiency was achieved under conditions of short pulse rising times and widths, low gas flow velocities, and minimal oxygen concentrations. This optimal performance was attributed to three main factors: high mean electron energy, the generation of appropriate active oxygen species, and an extended residence time for plasma‐toluene molecule interactions. Furthermore, by meticulously adjusting the operational parameters, augmenting the number of magnetized energetic electrons in the perpendicular MF, and intensifying the ionization process, we observed a notable enhancement in both discharge intensity and toluene degradation efficiency.
Plasma Polymerization of Pentane and Hexane for Antibacterial and Biocompatible Thin Films
Authors: Štěpánková Kateřina , Müllerová Markéta , Žídek Štěpán , Pištěková Hana , Urbánek Pavel , Sťahel Pavel , Trunec David , Popelka Anton , Kallingal Nithusha , Mozetič Miran , Lehocky Marian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAntibacterial polymeric coatings are deposited on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films through atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization with pentane and hexane monomers. The process uses surface dielectric barrier discharge in nitrogen. XPS analysis reveals the formation of carbon‐ and nitrogen‐containing films with oxygen incorporation from ambient air. Alkyl, hydroxyl, and amine groups contribute to the coatings' superhydrophilic properties post‐treatment. Coating thickness varies with the monomer flow rate, with pentane yielding thicker coatings than hexane under identical conditions and deposition increasing linearly with the flow rate. Treated PET films show strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia coli, demonstrating plasma polymerization's potential in biomedical applications. Cytotoxicity, evaluated using the MTS assay, confirms biocompatibility.
Effect and Compensation of Polarization‐Dependent Loss in Free‐Space Reference Frame Independent Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Lim Kyongchun , Choi Byung‐Seok , Baek Ju Hee , Kim Minchul , Choe Joong‐Seon , Kim Kap‐Joong , Kim Dong Churl , Oh Junsang , Youn Chun Ju 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPolarization‐dependent loss (PDL) poses a critical challenge in implementing free‐space quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. This study investigated the theoretical and experimental impact of PDL on polarization‐encoded qubits and experimentally demonstrated a method to mitigate these effects. The proposed compensation method could effectively restore the integrity of polarization states, enhancing the robustness and security of QKD systems. Specifically, a secret key rate of 94.01% could be recovered with 5 dB PDL. This study contributes to advancing scalable and secure quantum communication technologies by addressing the critical issue of PDL in QKD systems.
Neural‐Network‐Based Adaptive Control of Time‐Delayed Non‐Linear Cyber‐Physical Systems With Power Uncertainty Against Deception Attacks
Authors: Liang Jiakang , Yang Yadong , Zhu Jiyu , Shen Qikun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAt this job, the adaptive control problem is investigated for a class of non‐linear cyber‐physical systems (CPSs), where the CPSs considered are not only subject to deception attacks and time delay, but also contain uncertain input powers. The deception attacks result in the actual values of the system state being unavailable and control gains being unknown. On the basis of the theory of Lyapunov stability, a new adaptive neural‐networks‐based control scheme is designed to guarantee the stability of the closed‐loop system and mitigate the impact of deception attacks. Compared with the existing works in literature, (1) the input powers of the CPSs considered in this article are unknown and new controllers are constructed based on the neural network approximation technique; (2) the influence of unknown time delay is eliminated by using a novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii function. Furthermore, in order to address unknown gains caused by deception attacks, the Nussbaum gain technique is firstly extended to the CPSs with power uncertainties. Finally, the simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the control strategy presented in this work.
Synthesis, Docking and Rho Kinase Inhibition of Novel Piperazine‐7‐Deazapurine Based Imidazolidone Derivatives
Authors: Thoota Sandeep Kumar , Maddila Suresh , Pindiprolu Sai Kiran S. S. , Kohli Sukhmeen Kaur , Reddy Sujith Reddy , Matsa Sunil Kumar , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA new series of (Z)‐2‐(4‐(7H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐yl)piperazin‐1‐yl)‐5‐(benzylidene)‐1,5‐dihydro‐4H‐imidazol‐4‐ones (5a−t) has been synthesized via a seven‐step pathway with various substituted benzaldehydes yielding various derivatives as ROCK inhibitors. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS spectral analysis were used to describe all the novel target compounds. We examined the effects of various aromatic substitutions on the inhibition of ROCK‐I & ROCK‐II using molecular modeling analysis. Although molecular docking revealed a range of binding affinities, a majority of the synthesized compounds demonstrated low inhibitory activities (pIC50 < 6.0), with no significant improvement over CCT129254 (4). This investigation highlights the complexities in developing potent and selective ROCK inhibitors and lays the groundwork for future enhancements in cancer therapeutics.
Highly Effective Photocatalytic Removal of Astrazon Blue, Allura Red, and Brilliant Blue Dyes From Aqueous Media Using a Stable Zr(IV)‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Özcan Elif , Altun Ayhan , Zorlu Yunus 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have drawn considerable attention as promising photocatalysts due to their stability, reusability, tunability, and post‐reaction separation capabilities. This study investigates the potential of UiO‐66‐NDC as a photocatalyst for the degradation of astrazon blue (AB), allura red (AR), and brilliant blue (BB) dyes. UiO‐66‐NDC was synthesized using a solvothermal method and characterized by PXRD, SEM, UV‐DRS, FTIR, and zeta potential measurements. The photocatalytic activity of UiO‐66‐NDC revealed the degradation rates of 96% for AB within 45 min, 94% for BB within 90 min, and 91% for AB within 120 min at an optimal catalyst concentration of 300 mg/L. UiO‐66‐NDC demonstrated remarkable reusability over five consecutive cycles and maintained high degradation efficiency even at a high initial dye concentration of 20 mg/L with removal rates of 88% for AR, 85% for BB, and 81% for AB in the fifth cycle. A plausible photocatalytic mechanism has been proposed through trapping experiments of active species, identifying the reactive oxygen species as •OH radicals, enhancing the understanding of photocatalytic degradation. This study highlights the practical applicability of UiO‐66‐NDC in environmental remediation, emphasizing its potential as an efficient photocatalyst for the removal of various dyes from wastewater and industrial effluents.
Regulated Crystallization Through Intermolecular Interactions Bridging for Efficient Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yuan Chengjian , Wang Junfang , Yang Yuqian , Ma Xiaolan , Zhao Zhenzhu , Sun Mulin , Xu Hao , Pan Yongle , Hu Juntao , Mao Kaitian , Li Yu , Ding Honghe , Luo Deying , Yang Yingguo , Zhu Junfa , Abate Antonio , Xu Jixian , Lu Zhenghong , Meng Xiangyue , Jen Alex K‐Y , Hu Qin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTin halide perovskite (THP) has emerged as a promising lead‐free material for high‐performance solar cells, attracting significant attention for their potential use for energy conversion. However, the rapid crystallization of THP due to its high Lewis acidity and easy oxidation of Sn2+ leads to poor morphology and rampant defects in the resulting perovskite films. These strongly hamper the advances in efficiency and stability in THP solar cells. Herein, a comprehensive crystallization regulation strategy is demonstrated by introducing methyl carbazate (C2H6N2O2, MeC) to regulate the crystallization kinetics of perovskite through inter‐molecular interactions. The coordination bonds (O…Sn) and hydrogen bonds (N─H…O) between MeC and perovskite bridge the perovskite lattice together, helping suppress the oxidation of Sn2+, meanwhile, restraining the fast crystallization of perovskite in the precursor solution, by enhancing nucleation sites. More importantly, the connection by MeC can reduce the deep‐level trap state defect density, significantly restraining non‐radiative recombination and improving the carrier lifetime. Consequently, this facile strategy offers valuable insights into THP crystallization kinetics and allows an enhanced high power conversion efficiency from 10.43% to 14.02% to be achieved with good stability.
Multi‐Functional Bio‐HJzyme Engineered Polyetheretherketone Implant with Cascade‐Amplification Therapeutic Capabilities Toward Intractable Implant‐Associated Infections
Authors: Gong Jing , Lai Shuangquan , Zhang Shuting , Liang Kunneng , Deng Yi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntractable implant‐associated infections (IAIs) are the primary cause of prosthetic implant failure, particularly in the context of diabetes mellitus. There is an urgent need to design and construct versatile engineered implants integrated with cascade amplification therapeutic modality to significantly improve the treatment of diabetic IAIs. To address this issue, a multi‐functional MXene/Ag3PO4@glucose oxidase bio‐heterojunction enzyme (M/A@GOx bio‐HJzyme) coating is developed, which is decorated with an inert sulfonated polyetheretherketone implant (SP‐M/A@G) via hydrothermal treatment and layered deposition. The decorated bio‐HJzyme coating promoted cellular adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast cells on the implant. Simultaneously, upon 808 nm near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation, the decorated coating not only induces localized hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation but also initiates Fenton‐like and laccase‐mimicking reactions and depletes glutathione (GSH) within the diabetes infection microenvironment. The cascade amplification therapeutic effects of phototherapy and biocatalytic therapy confer the engineered implants with robust cyclic antibacterial properties. Furthermore, in vivo, assessment demonstrated that the multi‐functional bio‐HJzyme can effectively eradicate infectious pathogens located on the implant and peri‐implant tissues and promote the regeneration of diabetic infectious skin. Collectively, this study provides a revolutionary approach for constructing multi‐functional implants with cascade amplification therapeutic capabilities for intractable diabetic IAIs.
High Performance KNN‐Based Macro Fiber Composites for Human Motion Monitoring Applications
Authors: Zhu Chong , Huang Xing , Zhou Qin , Xue Haoyue , Jiang Laiming , Wu Jiagang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPiezoelectric materials are increasingly used in portable smart electronics and Internet of Things sensors. Among them, piezoelectric macro fiber composites (MFCs) have attracted much attention due to their architectural simplicity, scalability, and high‐power density. However, most MFCs currently use toxic lead‐based piezoelectric materials, hindering their applications for bio‐friendly intelligent electronics. Here, a lightweight, thin, and high‐performance lead‐free MFC for human motion monitoring is developed using multilevel structure engineered (K,Na)NbO3‐based ceramics as eco‐friendly piezoelectric matrix based on delicate simulation analysis. The variation of the effective electric field and piezo‐potential inside the KNN‐based MFC during polarization and under different stress distributions is analyzed by using the finite element analysis method. The electrical output signals of the KNN‐based MFC are tested under different deformation modes, achieving high output voltage (≈25 V), as well as high output current (≈25 µA) and instantaneous output power density of 80.42 µW cm−2. When the MFC is attached to the human body, it can sensitively convert even tiny body motion into a noticeable electrical response, with remarkable motion monitoring capabilities. This research provides a fundamental methodology for the development of lead‐free MFCs, as well as an alternative material for next‐generation smart sensing devices.
Humidity‐Sensing and Moisture‐Steering Liquid Crystal Elastomer Actuator
Authors: Xu Long , Zhang Shaoxia , Yin Lu , Zhao Yue 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) actuator capable of colorimetric humidity sensing is realized. The designed LCE features acid protonated amino azobenzene side groups in its structure, which endow the actuator with the hygroscopicity and act as the humidity reporter via color changes. Given that the protonated and deprotonated chromophore absorb visible light at different wavelengths, when the protonated LCE is under higher humidity, it absorbs more water that deprotonates azobenzene and leads to a change in color. This humidity‐dependent color change is fast, because surface protonation of the actuator is enough. The initial color and the sensitivity to humidity variation are determined by the extent of acid protonation, and the reversible color changes are distinguishable by the naked eye over a wide humidity range. The humidity sensing of LCE actuator in motion is demonstrated using thermally driven rolling rod actuators. Moreover, through spatial‐selective exposure of the rolling rod actuator to water mist, the moisture can act as a stimulus to change or reverse the rolling direction and reduce the rolling speed. The achieved nature‐inspired colorimetric humidity sensing capability represents an intelligent function for LCE actuators and may widen their application scope.
Fluorescent probes for the visualization of membrane microdomain, deformation, and fusion
Authors: Tong Pei‐Hong , Wu Tong‐Yuan , Li Mingle , Wang Hai‐Bin , Zheng Feng , Xu Lin , Dou Wei‐Tao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe cell membrane, a fluid interface composed of self‐assembled phospholipid molecules, is a vital component of biological systems that maintains cellular stability and prevents the invasion of foreign toxins. Due to its inherent fluidity, the cell membrane can undergo bending, shearing, and stretching, making membrane deformation crucial in processes like cell adhesion, migration, phagocytosis, and signal transduction. Within the plasma membrane are highly ordered dynamic structures formed by lipid molecules, known as “lipid rafts,” whose dynamic dissociation and reorganization are prerequisites for membrane deformation. Fluorescent probes have emerged as vital tools for studying these dynamic processes, offering a non‐destructive, in situ, and real‐time imaging method. By strategically designing these probes, researchers can image not only the microdomains of cell membranes but also explore more complex processes such as membrane fusion and fission. This review systematically summarizes the latest advancements in the application of fluorescent probes for cell membrane imaging. It also discusses the current challenges and provides insights into future research directions. We hope this review inspires further studies on the dynamic processes of complex cell membranes using fluorescent probes, ultimately advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying membrane dissociation, reorganization, fusion, and separation, and fostering research and therapeutic development for membrane‐associated diseases.
A Robust Kernel‐Based Workflow for Niche Trajectory Analysis
Authors: Wang Wen , Shin Sujung Crystal , Chávez‐Fuentes Joselyn Cristina , Yuan Guo‐Cheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNiche trajectory analysis is a promising framework for modeling spatially continuous variations of the tissue microenvironment. However, the existing approach is limited by its requirement of cell‐type annotation as a necessary input, which can lead to unwanted technical variations. To overcome this limitation, a new kernel‐based strategy is presented that models the structural composition of a niche as a continuous function in the gene expression space, thereby obviating the need for cell‐type annotation. Further integration with cell‐type deconvolution analysis extends its application to datasets with any spatial resolution. Applying this strategy to real datasets indicates enhanced performance in robustness and accuracy and provides new insights into injury or disease‐associated tissue microenvironment changes. As such, a useful tool for spatial transcriptomics data analysis is provided.
Molecular Design of Positively Charged 3D Covalent−Organic Framework Membranes for Li+/Mg2+ Separation
Authors: Lyu Bohui , Jiang Jianwen , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract3D covalent−organic framework (3D COF) membranes have unique features such as smaller pore sizes and more interconnected networks compared with 2D COF counterparts. However, the complicated and unmanageable fabrication hinders their rapid development. Molecular simulation, which can efficiently explore the structure‐performance relationship of membranes, holds great promise in accelerating the development of 3D COF membranes. In this study, a series of 3D‐COF membranes (TFPM‐Pa‐X) is designed with different charge densities (fully charged, partially charged, and neutral) and interpenetration numbers (2‐, 3‐, 4‐, and 5‐fold), subsequently investigate their contributions to Li+/Mg2+ separation through molecular simulation. Membrane morphology and pore size are found to strongly depend on the charged density and interpenetration number. The pore size and Cl− ion density play a crucial role in governing membrane separation performance. TFPM‐Pa‐X membrane with a smaller interpenetration number and a higher charge density promotes Li+/Mg2+ separation. The fully charged 2‐fold interpenetrated membrane has superior performance in breaking the trade‐off between the flux of Li+ (JLi+) and the selectivity of Li+ over Mg2+ (SLi+/Mg2+). This study may facilitate the rational design of new 3D COF membranes for high‐performance ion separation.