bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MXene‐Copper/Cobalt Hybrids via Lewis Acidic Molten Salts Etching for High Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Bai Yang , Liu Chunli , Chen Tingting , Li Wenting , Zheng Shasha , Pi Yecan , Luo Yongsong , Pang Huan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMXenes have attracted great interests as supercapacitors due to their metallic conductivity, high density, and hydrophilic nature. Herein we report Ti3C2‐Cu/Co hybrids via molten salt etching in which the existence of metal atoms and their interactions with MXene via surficial O atoms were elucidated by XAFS for the first time. The electrochemical investigation of Ti3C2‐Cu electrode demonstrated the pseudocapacitive contribution of Cu and a splendid specific capacitance of 885.0 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 in 1.0 M H2SO4. Symmetric supercapacitor Ti3C2‐Cu//Ti3C2‐Cu was demonstrated with operating voltage of 1.6 V, areal capacitance of 290.5 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2, and stability over 10 000 cycles. It delivered an areal energy density of 103.3 μWh cm−2 at power density of 0.8 mW cm−2, based on which a supercapacitor pouch was fabricated. It provides deeper insights into the molten salt mechanism and strategies for designing MXene‐based materials for electrochemical energy storage.
Characterizing the Conformational Distribution in an Amorphous Film of an Organic Emitter and Its Application in a “Self‐Doping” Organic Light‐Emitting Diode
Authors: Shi Yi‐Zhong , Wang Kai , Zhang Shao‐Li , Fan Xiao‐Chun , Tsuchiya Youichi , Lee Yi‐Ting , Dai Gao‐Le , Chen Jia‐Xiong , Zheng Cai‐Jun , Xiong Shi‐Yun , Ou Xue‐Mei , Yu Jia , Jie Jian‐Sheng , Lee Chun‐Sing , Adachi Chihaya , Zhang Xiao‐Hong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe conformational distribution and mutual interconversion of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters significantly affect the exciton utilization. However, their influence on the photophysics in amorphous film states is still not known due to the lack of a suitable quantitative analysis method. Herein, we used temperature‐dependent time‐resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy to quantitatively measure the relative populations of the conformations of a TADF emitter for the first time. We further propose a new concept of “self‐doping” for realizing high‐efficiency nondoped OLEDs. Interestingly, this “compositionally” pure film actually behaves as a film with a dopant (quasi‐equatorial form) in a matrix (quasi‐axial form). The concentration‐induced quenching that may occur at high concentrations is thus expected to be effectively relieved. The “self‐doping” OLED prepared with the newly developed TADF emitter TP2P‐PXZ as a neat emitting layer realizes a high maximum external quantum efficiency of 25.4 % and neglectable efficiency roll‐off.
Creating a Periop 202 Course and Orientation Program for Open‐Heart Procedures to Increase Cardiovascular OR Nurse Recruitment and Retention
Authors: Reinhart David , Sattler Mildred , Moore Leslie 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTAs the global population ages, hospital administrators will need to employ a sufficient number of OR nurses to meet the demands of increasing surgical volumes. However, ORs can be intimidating working environments and undergraduate nursing programs lack formal didactic courses in perioperative nursing, leaving little to entice newly graduated nurses to the perioperative specialty. It is important for nurse leaders to employ interventions for recruiting and retaining OR nurses, particularly in specialty service lines, including cardiovascular surgery. A Periop 202 course for open‐heart procedures was developed and woven into a cardiovascular OR (CVOR) orientation program for newly graduated nurses and experienced nurses who were new to the CVOR. The program aimed to increase new CVOR nurses’ competencies and knowledge of protocols and guidelines for open‐heart procedures and their self‐efficacy to function on the CVOR team. Knowledge questionnaire and learning scale results showed increased postintervention knowledge and self‐efficacy among program participants.
Clinical Issues—October 2021
Authors: Anderson Mary Alice , Kyle Erin 
Published: September 2021

THIS MONTH
Parental presence protocols
Key words: anxiety reduction, parental presence, pediatric patients, induction, emergence.Music in the ORKey words: music intervention, headphones, patient anxiety, music selection, personal music delivery device.Transfusion regulationsKey words: blood transfusion, documentation requirements, blood product administration, plasma.Clinical blood product transfusionsKey words: adverse transfusion reaction, patient assessment, patient blood management, incompatibility, blood products.
Quinazoline‐tethered hydrazone: A versatile scaffold toward dual anti‐TB and EGFR inhibition activities in NSCLC
Authors: Emam Aya M. , Dahal Achyut , Singh Sitanshu S. , Tosso Rodrigo D. , Ibrahim Samy M. , El‐Sadek Mohamed , Jois Seetharama D. , Enriz Ricardo D. , Kothayer Hend 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGlobally, lung cancer and tuberculosis are considered to be very serious and complex diseases. Evidence suggests that chronic infection with tuberculosis (TB) can often lead to lung tumors; therefore, developing drugs that target both diseases is of great clinical significance. In our study, we designed and synthesized a suite of 14 new quinazolinones (5a–n) and performed biological investigations of these compounds in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and cancer cell lines. In addition, we conducted a molecular modeling study to determine the mechanism of action of these compounds at the molecular level. Compounds that showed anticancer activity in the preliminary screening were further evaluated in three cancer cell lines (A549, Calu‐3, and BT‐474 cells) and characterized in an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) binding assay. Cytotoxicity in noncancerous lung fibroblast cells was also evaluated to obtain safety data. Our theoretical and experimental studies indicated that our compounds showed a mechanism of action similar to that of erlotinib by inhibiting the EGFR tyrosine kinase. In turn, the antituberculosis activity of these compounds would be produced by the inhibition of enoyl‐ACP‐reductase. From our findings, we were able to identify two potential lead compounds (5i and 5l) with dual activity and elevated safety toward noncancerous lung fibroblast cells. In addition, our data identified three compounds with excellent anti‐TB activities (compounds 5i, 5l, and 5n).
Letters to the editor and the race for publication metrics
Authors: Manley Stewart 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article discusses how letters to the editor boost publishing metrics for journals and authors, and then examines letters published since 2015 in six elite journals, including the Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. The initial findings identify some potentially anomalous use of letters and unusual self‐citation patterns. The article proposes that Clarivate Analytics consider slightly reconfiguring the Journal Impact Factor to more fairly account for letters and that journals transparently explain their letter submission policies.
Novel asymptotic stability criterion for fractional‐order gene regulation system with time delay
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Wang Yaonan , Zhang Jing , Cheng Fanyong , Liu Feng , Ding Can 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAt present, Routh–Herwitz criterion is the mostly applied characteristic equation of the time‐lag fractional‐order gene regulatory network systems (FGRNs) for stability analysis. However, it is limited by linearization, which makes the result have a certain error. In addition, due to the processes of obtaining the characteristic roots are too complicated, there are too many constraints on stability criterion. To solve these problems, the vector Lyapunov function method combined with the M‐matrix is used in the present study. Based on this method, the corresponding asymptotic stability theorem is derived. Our results show that this novel method not only had fewer limitations compared with conventional methods, but also is suitable to all fractional‐order operators between 0 and 1 with a large time delay.
Characterization of a phospholipase D from Streptomyces cinnamoneum SK43.003 suitable for phosphatidylserine synthesis
Authors: Li Mengli , Zhou Yanfeng , Duan Xiaoli , Zhou Licheng , Zhang Tao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA phospholipase D high producing strain with transphosphatidylation activity that is suitable for phosphatidylserine synthesis was screened by our laboratory and named as Streptomyces cinnamoneum SK43.003. The enzyme structural and biochemical properties were investigated using the molecular biology method. A 1521‐bp fragment of the phospholipase D gene from Streptomyces cinnamoneum SK43.003 was amplified by PCR and encoded for 506 amino acids. The primary structure contained two conserved HKD and GG/S motifs. The pld gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified enzyme exhibited the highest activity at a pH value of 6.0 andtemperature of 60°C. The enzyme was stable within a pH range of 4–7 for 24 h or at temperatures below 50°C. In addition, Triton X‐100, Fe2+, and Al3+ were beneficial to the enzyme activity, whereas Zn2+ and Cu2+ dramatically inhibited its activity. In a two‐phase system, the enzyme could convert phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylserine with a 92% transformation rate.
A beneficial role for elevated extracellular glutamate in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and cerebral ischemia
Authors: Schiel Kathryn A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis hypothesis proposes that increased extracellular glutamate in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and cerebral ischemia, currently viewed as a trigger for excitotoxicity, is actually beneficial as it stimulates the utilization of glutamate as metabolic fuel. Renewed appreciation of glutamate oxidation by ischemic neurons has raised questions regarding the role of extracellular glutamate in ischemia. Is it detrimental, as suggested by excitotoxicity in early in vitro studies, or beneficial, as suggested by its oxidation in later in vivo studies? The answer may depend on the activity of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors. Early in vitro procedures co‐activated NMDA receptors (NMDARs) containing 2A (GluN2A) and 2B (GluN2B) subunits, an event now believed to trigger excitotoxicity; however, during in vivo ischemia D‐serine and zinc molecules are released and these ensure only GluN2B receptors are stimulated. This not only prevents excitotoxicity but also initiates signaling cascades that allow ischemic neurons to import and oxidize glutamate.
Desynchronized circadian clock and exposures to xenobiotics are associated with differentiated disease phenotypes
Authors: Makris Konstantinos Christos 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA paradigm shift in the human chronotoxicity of xenobiotics would study two‐sided desynchronized phenomena of interfacial interactions between cyclic or periodic environmental insults and the endogenous response and recovery profile. These systems‐based networks are under the influence of well‐synchronized biological clocks and their metabolic regulators. This perspective argues in favor of addressing the concept of synchronization in studies involving critical life windows of susceptibility, or circadian rhythms, or 24‐hour (periodic) diurnal rhythms and answering whether these disruptions in synchronization would affect response and recovery or disease phenotypes associated with environmental insults, e.g., xenobiotics. Synchronization or synchrony is defined as the totality of elements that appear during the same time period within a system, including the network of interactions between the system's elements. Desynchronized interfaces during critical life windows or in time‐repeated exposure events would likely lead to initiating a cascade of adverse health effects associated with differentiated disease phenotypes.
Further investigation of resurgence following schedule thinning: Extension to an inpatient setting
Authors: Kranak Michael P. , Falligant John Michael 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSchedule thinning is a common clinical procedure used to make behavioral interventions such as functional communication training more feasible in the community. Unfortunately, problem behavior is likely to recur when schedule thinning is conducted (i.e., resurgence). Recent research has identified resurgence in a rather significant number of outpatient schedule thinning applications and suggest resurgence is relatively common in clinical settings. To examine the consistency and generality of these findings, we replicated the procedures described by recent investigations to quantify the prevalence of resurgence of problem behavior following schedule thinning in an inpatient setting. We identified resurgence in 91% of schedule thinning applications, indicating that resurgence is likely to occur regardless of the treatment setting. Clinical implications, recommendations, and future directions for building more durable behavioral treatments are discussed.
Retrospective assessment of clonality of a legacy cell line by analytical subcloning of the master cell bank
Authors: Li Guanghua (Benson) , Pollard Jennifer , Liu Ren , Stevens Richard C. , Quiroz Jorge , Nelson Michael C. , Manahan Matthew , Murgolo Nicholas , Ehrick Robin S. , Wallenstein Eric J. , Hughes Jason , Tsao Yung‐shyeng , Zhao Jia , Du Zhimei , Tugcu Nihal , Pollard David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn recent years, assurance of clonality of the production cell line has been emphasized by health authorities during review of regulatory submissions. When insufficient assurance of clonality is provided, augmented control strategies may be required for a commercial production process. In this study, we conducted a retrospective assessment of clonality of a legacy cell line through analysis of subclones from the master cell bank (MCB). Twenty‐four subclones were randomly selected based on a predetermined acceptance sampling plan. All these subclones share a conserved integration junction, thus providing a high level of assurance that the cell population in the MCB was derived from a single progenitor cell. However, Southern blot analysis indicates that at least four subpopulations possibly exist in the MCB. Additional characterization of these four subpopulations demonstrated that the resulting changes in product quality attributes of some subclones are not related to the genetic heterogeneity observed in Southern blot hybridization. Furthermore, process consistency, process comparability, and analytical comparability have been demonstrated in batches produced across varying manufacturing processes, scales, facilities, cell banks, and cell ages. Finally, process and product consistency together with a high level of assurance of clonal origin of the MCB helped clear the hurdle for regulatory approval without requirement of additional control strategies.
Comparison of model fit and discriminatory ability of M category as defined by the 7th and 8th editions of the tumor‐node‐metastasis classification of colorectal cancer and the 9th edition of the Japanese classification
Authors: Shida Dai , Boku Narikazu , Nakamura Yuya , Yoshida Takefumi , Tanabe Taro , Yasui Kohei , Takashima Atsuo , Kanemitsu Yukihide 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn transitioning from the 7th edition of the tumor‐node‐metastasis classification (TNM‐7) to the 8th edition (TNM‐8), colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastasis was newly categorized as M1c. In the 9th edition of the Japanese Classification of colorectal, appendiceal, and anal carcinoma (JPC‐9), M1c is further subdivided into M1c1 (without other organ involvement) and M1c2 (with other organ involvement). This study aimed to compare the model fit and discriminatory ability of the M category of these three classification systems, as no study to date has made this comparison.MethodsThe study population consisted of stage IV colorectal cancer patients who were referred to the National Cancer Center Hospital from 2000 to 2017. The Akaike information criterion (AIC), Harrell's concordance index (C‐index), and time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the three classification systems. Subgroup analyses, stratified by initial treatment year, were also performed.ResultsAccording to TNM‐8, 670 (55%) patients had M1a, 273 (22%) had M1b, and 279 (23%) had M1c (87 M1c1 and 192 M1c2 using JPC‐9) tumors. Among the three classification systems, JPC‐9 had the lowest AIC value (JPC‐9: 10546.3; TNM‐7: 10555.9; TNM‐8: 10585.5), highest C‐index (JPC‐9: 0.608; TNM‐7: 0.598; TNM‐8: 0.599), and superior time‐dependent ROC curves throughout the observation period. Subgroup analyses were consistent with these results.ConclusionsWhile the revised M category definition did not improve model fit and discriminatory ability from TNM‐7 to TNM‐8, further subdivision of M1c in JPC‐9 improved these parameters. These results support further revisions to M1 subcategories in future editions of the TNM classification system.
Highly Efficient Simulated Solar Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of 4‐Nitrophenol over CdS/Carbon/MoSx Hybrids
Authors: Kostelenos Konstantinos , Bairamis Feidias , Karamoschos Nikolaos , Sygellou Lamprini , Andrikopoulos Konstantinos S. , Konstantinou Ioannis , Tasis Dimitrios 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAmong the various organic pollutants and industrial chemicals, 4‐nitrophenol has been one of the most monitored substances in aqueous environments, due to its enhanced solubility in such systems. This research reports for the first time the microwave‐assisted synthesis of CdS/carbon/MoSx hybrids and the subsequent utilization of such systems as photocatalysts for 4‐nitrophenol degradation. The hybrids demonstrated a variable photocatalytic activity, by using a variety of organic substances as precursors for the solvothermal carbonization step. By using ascorbic acid as precursor, the corresponding ternary composite exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity, with the 4‐nitrophenol concentration been almost quantitatively decayed within 45 min of irradiation. This could be ascribed due to the generation of a high population of heterojunctions as well as the chemical speciation of Mo‐based nanostructures. Such ternary hybrids may be utilized as potential photocatalytic systems in processes, where removal of toxic water‐soluble substances is the key issue.
A Benzodiphosphaborolediide
Authors: Pearce Kyle G. , Canham Elinor P. F. , Nixon John F. , Crossley Ian R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe first example of a diphosphaborolediide, the benzo‐fused [C6H4P2BPh]2− (12−), is prepared from ortho‐bis(phosphino)benzene (C6H4{PH2}) and dichlorophenylborane, via a sequential lithiation approach. The dilithio‐salt can be obtained as an oligomeric THF solvate or discrete TMEDA adduct, both of which are fully characterized, including by X‐ray diffraction. Alongside NICS calculations, data strongly suggest some aromaticity within 12−, which is further supported by preliminary coordination studies that demonstrate η5‐coordination to a zerovalent molybdenum center, as observed crystallographically for the oligomeric [{Mo(CO)3(η5‐1)}{μ‐η1‐Mo(CO)3(TMEDA)}2] ⋅ [μ‐Li(THF)][μ‐Li(TMEDA)].
GPhos Ligand Enables Production of Chiral N‐Arylamines in a Telescoped Transaminase‐Buchwald‐Hartwig Amination Cascade in the Presence of Excess Amine Donor
Authors: Heckmann Christian M. , Paradisi Francesca 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe combination of biocatalysis and chemocatalysis can be more powerful than either technique alone. However, combining the two is challenging due to typically very different reaction conditions. Herein, chiral N‐aryl amines, key features of many active pharmaceutical ingredients, are accessed in excellent enantioselectivity (typically>99.5 % ee) by combining transaminases with the Buchwald‐Hartwig amination. By employing a bi‐phasic buffer‐toluene system as well as the ligand GPhos, the telescoped cascade proceeded with up to 89 % overall conversion in the presence of excess alanine. No coupling to alanine was observed.
Prospects and Challenges of Developing Plant‐Derived Snake Antivenin Natural Products: A Focus on West Africa
Authors: Yusuf Amina J. , Aleku Godwin A. , Bello Usman Rabiu , Liman Dahiru Umar 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSnakebite envenomation (SBE) is an important public health issue that is now receiving renewed attention following its reclassification as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). Most incidences occur in rural areas of resource‐limited countries, as such, timely and appropriate medical care for SBE is often inaccessible. The administration of anti‐snake venom serum (ASV) is the only effective definitive treatment of SBE, but treatment failure to available ASVs is not uncommon. Emerging evidence highlights the potential of small‐molecule compounds as inhibitors against toxins of snake venom. This presents an encouraging prospect to develop an alternative therapeutic option for the treatment SBE, that may be amenable for use at the point of care in resource‐constraint settings. In view of the pivotal role of natural products in modern drug discovery programmes, there is considerable interest in ethno‐pharmacological mining of medicinal plants and plant‐derived medicinal compounds toward developing novel snake venom‐neutralising therapeutics. In this review, we compile a collection of medicinal plants used in the treatment of SBE in West Africa and highlight their promise as potential botanical drugs or as sources of novel small‐molecule compounds for the treatment of SBE. The challenges that must be surmounted to bring this to fruition including the need for (sub) regional collaboration have been discussed.
Incretin‐Based Drugs and Risk of Intestinal Obstruction Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Faillie Jean‐Luc , Yin Hui , Yu Oriana H. Y. , Herrero Astrid , Altwegg Romain , Renoux Christel , Azoulay Laurent 
Published: September 2021

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors might increase the risk of intestinal obstruction, but real‐world evidence for this severe adverse event is lacking. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether GLP‐1 RAs and DPP‐4 inhibitors are associated with an increased risk of intestinal obstruction compared with sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors. We used the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink and linked databases to assemble two new‐user, active comparator cohorts (2013–2019). The first included 25,617 and 67,261 GLP‐1 RA and SGLT‐2 inhibitor users, respectively. The second included 131,927 and 40,615 DPP‐4 inhibitor and SGLT‐2 inhibitor users, respectively. Propensity score fine stratification weighted Cox proportional hazards models were fit to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of intestinal obstruction requiring hospitalization. GLP‐1 RAs were associated with an increased risk of intestinal obstruction compared with SGLT‐2 inhibitors (1.9 vs. 1.1 per 1,000 person‐years, respectively; HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04–2.74). The highest HR was observed after 1.6 years of use (HR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.79–6.79). DPP‐4 inhibitors were also associated with an increased risk (2.7 vs. 1.0 per 1,000 person‐years; HR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.52–4.42), with the highest HR observed after 1.8 years of use (HR: 9.53, 95% CI: 4.47–20.30). The number needed to harm after 1 year of use was 1,223 and 603 for GLP‐1 RAs and DPP‐4 inhibitors, respectively. In this large real‐world study, GLP‐1 RAs and DPP‐4 inhibitors were associated with an increased risk of intestinal obstruction.