bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracellular oxygen metabolism during bovine oocyte and preimplantation embryo development
Authors: McKeegan Paul J. , Boardman Selina F. , Wanless Amy A. , Boyd Grace , Warwick Laura J. , Lu Jianping , Gnanaprabha Keerthi , Picton Helen M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe report a novel method to profile intrcellular oxygen concentration (icO2) during in vitro mammalian oocyte and preimplantation embryo development using a commercially available multimodal phosphorescent nanosensor (MM2). Abattoir-derived bovine oocytes and embryos were incubated with MM2 in vitro. A series of inhibitors were applied during live-cell multiphoton imaging to record changes in icO2 associated with mitochondrial processes. The uncoupler carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) uncouples mitochondrial oxygen consumption to its maximum, while antimycin inhibits complex III to ablate mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Increasing oxygen consumption was expected to reduce icO2 and decreasing oxygen consumption to increase icO2. Use of these inhibitors quantifies how much oxygen is consumed at basal in comparison to the upper and lower limits of mitochondrial function. icO2 measurements were compared to mitochondrial DNA copy number analysed by qPCR. Antimycin treatment increased icO2 for all stages tested, suggesting significant mitochondrial oxygen consumption at basal. icO2 of oocytes and preimplantation embryos were unaffected by FCCP treatment. Inner cell mass icO2 was lower than trophectoderm, perhaps reflecting limitations of diffusion. Mitochondrial DNA copy numbers were similar between stages in the range 0.9–4 × 106 copies and did not correlate with icO2. These results validate the MM2 probe as a sensitive, non-toxic probe of intracellular oxygen concentration in mammalian oocytes and preimplantation embryos.
Loss of hepatic Flcn protects against fibrosis and inflammation by activating autophagy pathways
Authors: Paquette Mathieu , Yan Ming , Ramírez-Reyes Josué M. J. , El-Houjeiri Leeanna , Biondini Marco , Dufour Catherine R. , Jeong Hyeonju , Pacis Alain , Giguère Vincent , Estall Jennifer L. , Siegel Peter M. , Audet-Walsh Étienne , Pause Arnim 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent liver disease worldwide and can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by triglyceride accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis. No pharmacological agents are currently approved to treat these conditions, but it is clear now that modulation of lipid synthesis and autophagy are key biological mechanisms that could help reduce or prevent these liver diseases. The folliculin (FLCN) protein has been recently identified as a central regulatory node governing whole body energy homeostasis, and we hypothesized that FLCN regulates highly metabolic tissues like the liver. We thus generated a liver specific Flcn knockout mouse model to study its role in liver disease progression. Using the methionine- and choline-deficient diet to mimic liver fibrosis, we demonstrate that loss of Flcn reduced triglyceride accumulation, fibrosis, and inflammation in mice. In this aggressive liver disease setting, loss of Flcn led to activation of transcription factors TFEB and TFE3 to promote autophagy, promoting the degradation of intracellular lipid stores, ultimately resulting in reduced hepatocellular damage and inflammation. Hence, the activity of FLCN could be a promising target for small molecule drugs to treat liver fibrosis by specifically activating autophagy. Collectively, these results show an unexpected role for Flcn in fatty liver disease progression and highlight new potential treatment strategies.
Real‐world super‐resolution of face‐images from surveillance cameras
Authors: Aakerberg Andreas , Nasrollahi Kamal , Moeslund Thomas B. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMost existing face image Super‐Resolution (SR) methods assume that the Low‐Resolution (LR) images were artificially downsampled from High‐Resolution (HR) images with bicubic interpolation. This operation changes the natural image characteristics and reduces noise. Hence, SR methods trained on such data most often fail to produce good results when applied to real LR images. To solve this problem, a novel framework for the generation of realistic LR/HR training pairs is proposed. The framework estimates realistic blur kernels, noise distributions, and JPEG compression artifacts to generate LR images with similar image characteristics as the ones in the source domain. This allows to train an SR model using high‐quality face images as Ground‐Truth (GT). For better perceptual quality, a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) based SR model is used, where the commonly used VGG‐loss [1] is exchanged with LPIPS‐loss [2]. Experimental results on both real and artificially corrupted face images show that our method results in more detailed reconstructions with less noise compared to the existing State‐of‐the‐Art (SoTA) methods. In addition, it is shown that the traditional non‐reference Image Quality Assessment (IQA) methods fail to capture this improvement and demonstrate that the more recent NIMA metric [3] correlates better with human perception via Mean Opinion Rank (MOR).
Ergebnisse einer deutschlandweiten Umfrage über Beratung zu lebensstilbezogener Verhaltensänderung (BzlV) in der physiotherapeutischen Versorgung – eine Querschnittstudie
Authors: Roidl Anna , Gabriel Anna , Beckmann Jürgen 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Es ist unklar, in welchem Umfang Beratung zu lebensstilbezogener Verhaltensänderung (BzlV) in Deutschland bereits in die physiotherapeutische Arbeit integriert ist und ob Physiotherapeut*innen die erforderlichen Kompetenzen aufweisen.
Ziel Erfassung der Einstellung von Physiotherapeut*innen zur Gesundheitsförderung sowie zu Praxis, Kompetenzen und möglichen Barrieren für die Umsetzung von BzlV.
Methode Mittels Online-Umfrage wurden in Deutschland tätige Physiotherapeut*innen zu ihren allgemeinen Einstellungen zur Gesundheitsförderung sowie zu Praxis, Kompetenzen und möglichen Barrieren für die Umsetzung von BzlV befragt. Neben einer deskriptiven Analyse der Angaben wurden Unterschiede zwischen akademisch und nicht akademisch ausgebildeten Physiotherapeut*innen mithilfe des Mann-Whitney-U-Tests ermittelt.
Ergebnisse 511 Physiotherapeut*innen nahmen an der Umfrage teil, davon konnten 413 Fragebögen in die deskriptive Analyse eingeschlossen werden (Alter: 36,4 (± 10,88 SD) Jahre; w/m: 281/132). 92,7 % der Befragten hielten Gesundheitsförderung für einen fundamentalen Bestandteil der physiotherapeutischen Arbeit und 93,4 % stimmten zu, dass die Förderung eines gesunden Lebensstils zur Arbeit von Physiotherapeut*innen gehöre. Die Befragten erhoben (a) und berieten (b) am häufigsten zum Risikofaktor körperliche Inaktivität (a: 89,8 %; b: 91,3 %) und gaben an, über geringe bis mittlere Kompetenzen für die Beratung zur Verhaltensänderung zu verfügen. Akademisch ausgebildete Physiotherapeut*innen schätzten ihre Kompetenzen besser als nicht akademisch ausgebildete Physiotherapeut*innen (W = 8253,5, p = 0,001, r = 0,182) ein. Als häufigste Barrieren bei der Umsetzung von BzlV wurden strukturelle Ursachen, wie Zeitmangel (64,9 %) und fehlende Vergütung (70,5 %), genannt.
Schlussfolgerung Physiotherapeut*innen haben überwiegend eine positive Einstellung zur Gesundheitsförderung und erachten BzlV als sehr wichtig. Derzeit bestehen aber noch viele Barrieren, die Physiotherapeut*innen an der Umsetzung hindern. Damit diese in Deutschland dennoch einen Beitrag zur Gesundheitsförderung leisten können, sollten Rahmenbedingen und Ausbildungsinhalte angepasst werden.
Multimodale Therapie des resektablen Ösophaguskarzinoms
Authors: Mann Carolina , Michel Maurice , Grimminger Peter 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Ösophaguskarzinom ist eine lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung – trotz interdisziplinärer Therapiestrategien liegt die 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate unter 50 %. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über das stadiengerechte Vorgehen und die Vor- und Nachteile der aktuell in Europa praktiziertenmultimodalen Therapie des Ösophaguskarzinoms.
Towards the Development of Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP) Catalyzed Hydrogenations of Tertiary and Secondary Carboxylic Amides
Authors: Paradies Jan , Köring Laura , Sitte Nikolai A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe development of the frustrated Lewis pair catalyzed hydrogenation of tertiary and secondary amides is reviewed. Detailed insight into our strategies in order to overcome challenges during the reaction development process is provided. Furthermore, the developed chemistry is extended to the hydrogenation of polyamides and of trifluoroacetamides for the convenient introduction of trifluoroethyl groups into organic molecules.
Early Diagnosis of Prediabetes among Pregnant Women that Develop Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Influence on Perinatal Outcomes
Authors: Wilkie Gianna , Delpapa Ellen , Leftwich Heidi 
Published: October 2021

Objective Purpose of this study was to determine whether early identification of impaired glucose tolerance consistent with prediabetes among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the first trimester impacts maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who were screened for pregestational diabetes in early pregnancy at a large academic tertiary care center from October 1, 2017, to January 31, 2021, and who subsequently developed GDM. Demographic and perinatal outcomes were compared among women with GDM with a positive early diabetes screen consistent with prediabetes to women who screened negative in the first trimester. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to adjust for baseline demographic differences.
Results During the study period, 260 women screened had negative first trimester diabetes screening and subsequently developed GDM, while 696 screened positive for prediabetes and developed GDM. Women with prediabetes were more likely to require insulin treatment for their GDM compared with those that screened negative (79.5 vs. 45.4%, p < 0.001), while those who screened negative were more likely to take an oral medication of metformin or glyburide for GDM management than those with prediabetes (41.5 vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001). Infants born to mothers who screened positive for prediabetes were more likely to require neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission compared with those who screened negative even when adjusted for type of GDM treatment used (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 8.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–49.9).
Conclusion Women identified as having early impaired glucose tolerance consistent with prediabetes that subsequently develop GDM are more likely to be prescribed insulin treatment and may be at increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes leading to NICU admission than women with negative first trimester diabetes screening. Future studies should focus on whether different methods of early treatment and/or intervention improve perinatal outcomes.
Key Points
Birth Outcomes for Medically High-Risk Pregnancies: Comparing Group to Individual Prenatal Care
Authors: Heberlein Emily C. , Smith Jessica C. , LaBoy Ana , Britt Jessica , Crockett Amy 
Published: October 2021

Objectives Group prenatal care models were initially designed for women with medically low-risk pregnancies, and early outcome data focused on these patient populations. Pregnancy outcome data for women with medically high-risk pregnancies participating in group prenatal care is needed to guide clinical practice. This study compares rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admissions among women with medical risk for poor birth outcomes who receive group versus individual prenatal care.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study uses vital statistics data to compare pregnancy outcomes for women from 21 obstetric practices participating in a statewide expansion project of group prenatal care. The study population for this paper included women with pregestational or gestational hypertension, pregestational or gestational diabetes, and high body mass index (BMI > 45 kg/m2). Patients were matched using propensity scoring, and outcomes were compared using logistic regression. Two levels of treatment exposure based on group visit attendance were evaluated for women in group care: any exposure (one or more groups) or minimum threshold (five or more groups).
Results Participation in group prenatal care at either treatment exposure level was associated with a lower risk of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions (10.2 group vs. 13.8% individual care, odds ratio [OR] = 0.708, p < 0.001). Participating in the minimum threshold of groups (five or more sessions) was associated with reduced risk of preterm birth (11.4% group vs. 18.4% individual care, OR = 0.569, p < 0.001) and NICU admissions (8.4% group vs. 15.9% individual care, OR = 0.483, p < 0.001). No differences in birth weight were observed.
Conclusion This study provides preliminary evidence that women who have or develop common medical conditions during pregnancy are not at greater risk for preterm birth, low birth weight, or NICU admissions if they participate in group prenatal care. Practices who routinely exclude patients with these conditions from group participation should reconsider increasing inclusivity of their groups.
Key Points
Postpartum Pyelonephritis and Risk of Severe Maternal Morbidity
Authors: Addae-Konadu Kateena L. , Wein Lauren E. , Federspiel Jerome J. , Hughes Brenna L. , Dotters-Katz Sarah 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective Pyelonephritis is the most common nonobstetric cause for hospitalization during pregnancy. The maternal and obstetric complications associated with antepartum pyelonephritis are well described. However, it is not clear whether these risks extend into the postpartum period. The primary objective of this study was to describe the morbidity associated with postpartum pyelonephritis, by comparing the morbidity associated with pyelonephritis in the postpartum period to morbidity seen during pregnancy or delivery.
Study Design A retrospective cohort study was performed using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD), an all-payor sample of discharges from approximately 60% of U.S. hospitalizations. Discharges between October 2015 and December 2018 were included. Maternity-associated hospitalizations, diagnosis of pyelonephritis, comorbid conditions, and incidence of severe maternal morbidity were identified using International Classification of Disease-10th Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis and procedure codes. Bivariate statistics, weighted to account for the complex survey methods in the NRD, were used to evaluate the association between antepartum, delivery, and postpartum hospital stays associated with pyelonephritis and maternal morbidity. Weighted regression models were used to evaluate the association between admission timing and maternal outcomes.
Results A total of 32,850 pyelonephritis admissions were identified, corresponding to a national estimate of 61,837 admissions. Of these, 1,465 (2.4%) were postpartum, 55,056 (89.0%) were antepartum, and 5,317 (8.6%) involved a delivery stay. Rates of severe maternal morbidity were higher in the postpartum group than the antepartum or delivery hospitalization groups (59.5 vs. 12.9 and 15.8%, respectively, p < 0.001); when compared with antepartum hospitalizations, the adjusted relative risk for composite severe maternal morbidity for postpartum hospitalizations was 4.68 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.33, 5.05). Most of this difference was driven by rates of sepsis (53.2 vs. 11.0 vs. 10.9%).
Conclusion Though relatively uncommon, postpartum hospitalizations for pyelonephritis are associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, driven by differential rates of sepsis, than are antepartum or delivery-associated hospitalizations.
Infecção após artroplastia total primária de joelho: estudo randomizado prospectivo controlado da adição de antibiótico ao cimento ósseo
Authors: Cobra Hugo Alexandre de Araujo Barros , Mozella Alan de Paula , Labronici Pedro José , Cavalcanti Amanda S. , Guimarães João Antonio Matheus 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivo O presente estudo prospectivo, randomizado e controlado foi realizado com 286 pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total primária do joelho (ATJ) com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia da adição de antibiótico ao cimento ósseo como forma de prevenção da infecção pós-artroplastia (IPA).
Métodos Os pacientes foram randomizados em dois grupos: cimento ósseo sem antibiótico (Sem ATB, n = 158) ou cimento com antibiótico (Com ATB, n = 128), ao qual foram adicionados 2 g de Vancomicina para 40 g de cimento. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por 24 meses após a cirurgia.
Resultados No que diz respeito aos dados demográficos pré-operatórios, a distribuição dos pacientes entre os grupos foi homogênea (p < 0,05). No período de 24 meses, a taxa global de infecção foi de 2,09% (6/286), não havendo diferença (odds ratio [OR] = 1,636; intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 0,294–9,080; p = 0,694) entre o grupo Com ATB (1,56%; 2/128) e Sem ATB (2,53%; 4/158). No grupo Sem ATB, a infecção foi causada por Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA, na sigla em inglês) (n = 2), S. aureus sensível à meticilina (MSSA, na sigla em inglês) (n = 1) e Eschirichia coli (n = 1). Proteus mirabilis e MSSA foram isolados dos pacientes do grupo Com ATB. Dentre as comorbidades, todos os pacientes com IPA eram hipertensos e não diabéticos. Dois pacientes com artrite reumatoide que desenvolveram IPA eram do grupo Com ATB.
Conclusão O uso de cimento com ATB reduziu o número absoluto de infecções; porém, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos. Desta forma, o uso rotineiro não deve ser encorajado.
Fixação interna de pseudoartrose de escafoide com deformidade angular associada utilizando enxerto de ilíaco e placa volar: Série de oito casos
Authors: Cagnolati Amanda Favaro , Andrade Fernanda Ruiz , Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini Alves , Mazzer Nilton , Sugano Raquel Metzker Mendes , Garcia Larissa Martins 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivos A finalidade do presente artigo é avaliar os resultados clínicos, radiográficos e funcionais de pseudoartroses de escafoide com deformidade angular utilizando enxerto de ilíaco e placa volar.
Métodos Foram seguidos prospectivamente 8 pacientes, todos do sexo masculino, com idade média de 39,6 anos, com pseudoartrose de cintura de escafoide, com tempo médio de 19 meses de trauma sem cirurgias prévias. Os pacientes foram tratados com enxerto retirado da crista ilíaca e placa volar para escafoide. Os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliações radiográficas e tomográficas no pré-operatório e em 1 mês, 3 meses, 6 meses e 1 ano de pós-operatório. A altura carpal e os ângulos escafossemilunares e intraescafoides foram medidos no pré-operatório e aos 3 meses e 1 ano do pós-operatório. A função foi avaliada no pré-operatório e repetida em 1 ano pós-operatório através do escores Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH, na sigla em inglês) e Patient-related Wrist Evaluation (PWRE, na sigla em inglês), assim como pela aferição de força de pinças e de amplitude de movimento do punho e do polegar.
Resultados Houve consolidação em todos os casos, com tempo médio de 3,38 meses. Foram observadas duas complicações: uma infecção de ferida operatória do ilíaco e um parafuso da placa colocado no espaço escafossemilunar. Houve melhora nos parâmetros de amplitude de movimento do punho e do polegar e de força de pinça em todas as avaliações funcionais, com significância estatística do PRWE e do ângulo escafossemilunar.
Conclusão Apesar da nossa amostra ter sido pequena, obtivemos consolidação em todos os casos operados, com complicações esperadas na literatura e melhoras tanto no padrão radiográfico quanto na avaliação funcional e na escala de dor dos nossos pacientes.
Tradução e adaptação cultural para o português do Brasil do Children's Physical Activity Questionnaire (C-PAQ)
Authors: Miranda Fernando Leite , Fernandes Carlos Henrique , Meirelles Lia Miyamoto , Faloppa Flavio , Ejnisman Benno , Cohen Moises 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Realizar a tradução e adaptação cultural para o português do Brasil do Children's Physical Activity Questionnaire.
Métodos O processo envolveu as etapas de tradução, síntese, retrotradução, e revisão pelo grupo de tradução. Foi então criada uma versão pré-final e, posteriormente, a versão final do questionário.
Resultados Devido ao estilo de vida da população, oito atividades descritas no questionário foram mudadas com o objetivo de adaptá-lo à cultura brasileira, sendo seis atividades esportivas e duas atividades de lazer. Oito pais/responsáveis responderam o questionário no pré-teste, com rapidez, sem inconsistências, e sem relatar dificuldades no entendimento quando realizada a entrevista final.
Conclusão A tradução e adaptação cultural do Children's Physical Activity Questionnaire para o português do Brasil resultou na versão C-PAQ.PT.
OrbNet Denali: A machine learning potential for biological and organic chemistry with semi-empirical cost and DFT accuracy
Authors: Christensen Anders S. , Sirumalla Sai Krishna , Qiao Zhuoran , O’Connor Michael B. , Smith Daniel G. A. , Ding Feizhi , Bygrave Peter J. , Anandkumar Animashree , Welborn Matthew , Manby Frederick R. , Miller Thomas F. 
Published: October 2021

We present OrbNet Denali, a machine learning model for an electronic structure that is designed as a drop-in replacement for ground-state density functional theory (DFT) energy calculations. The model is a message-passing graph neural network that uses symmetry-adapted atomic orbital features from a low-cost quantum calculation to predict the energy of a molecule. OrbNet Denali is trained on a vast dataset of 2.3 × 106 DFT calculations on molecules and geometries. This dataset covers the most common elements in biochemistry and organic chemistry (H, Li, B, C, N, O, F, Na, Mg, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Br, and I) and charged molecules. OrbNet Denali is demonstrated on several well-established benchmark datasets, and we find that it provides accuracy that is on par with modern DFT methods while offering a speedup of up to three orders of magnitude. For the GMTKN55 benchmark set, OrbNet Denali achieves WTMAD-1 and WTMAD-2 scores of 7.19 and 9.84, on par with modern DFT functionals. For several GMTKN55 subsets, which contain chemical problems that are not present in the training set, OrbNet Denali produces a mean absolute error comparable to those of DFT methods. For the Hutchison conformer benchmark set, OrbNet Denali has a median correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.90 compared to the reference DLPNO-CCSD(T) calculation and R2 = 0.97 compared to the method used to generate the training data (ωB97X-D3/def2-TZVP), exceeding the performance of any other method with a similar cost. Similarly, the model reaches chemical accuracy for non-covalent interactions in the S66x10 dataset. For torsional profiles, OrbNet Denali reproduces the torsion profiles of ωB97X-D3/def2-TZVP with an average mean absolute error of 0.12 kcal/mol for the potential energy surfaces of the diverse fragments in the TorsionNet500 dataset.