bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urbanization Shifts Immunometabolism in a Common Bumblebee
Authors: Cuvillier‐Hot Virginie , Fisogni Alessandro , Doublet Vincent , Guillot Sylvain , Holl Anne‐Catherine , Leclercq‐Dransart Julie , Occelli Florent , Piquot Yves , Hautekèete Nina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe growing urbanization process is accompanied by the emergence of new habitats for wildlife, and cities are sometimes seen as refuges for pollinators such as wild bees compared to intensively cultivated rural habitats. However, the contrasting living conditions that combine high fragmentation, exposure to pollutants, and heat island effects, with low pesticide use and potentially high availability of resources, make it difficult to predict the overall effect of urban living on the health of wild bees. Moreover, if the responses of wild bee populations in terms of species richness and diversity have been the focus of many recent studies, individual responses to urbanization have been more rarely investigated. More specifically, data on the impacts on individual bee physiology and health are lacking. To help fill this gap, we collected red‐tailed bumblebee (Bombus lapidarius) workers along a gradient of urbanization defined by the level of soil imperviousness, and estimated environmental (air quality) and ecological (pathogens' prevalence and loads; local competition) pressures they locally experienced. In parallel, we quantified the expression of selected immune marker genes. We measured how the immune system of bumblebees responds to urbanization gradient and which local parameters best explain the observed changes in immune gene expression. We evidenced three immune markers, tightly linked with cellular metabolism, whose expressions increase with the level of urbanization, independently of individual infection and pollution exposure. We suggest that induction of their expression reveals a shift in wild bee immunometabolism, supposedly in response to the stressful conditions experienced in areas with high built‐up cover. The induction of these genes is likely at the root of any immune activation; they could thus be used as markers to estimate the levels of urban stress locally experienced by pollinators.
A New Thermodynamic Approach to Multimode Fiber Self‐cleaning and Soliton Condensation
Authors: Zitelli Mario 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA new thermodynamic theory for optical multimode systems is proposed. Theory is based on a weighted Bose–Einstein law, and includes the state equation, the fundamental equation for the entropy and a metric to measure the accuracy of the thermodynamic approach. The theory is used to compare the experimental results of two propagation regimes in multimode fibers, specifically the self‐cleaning in the normal chromatic dispersion region and the soliton condensation in the anomalous dispersion region. Surprising similarities are found in terms of thermodynamic parameters, suggesting a common basis for the thermalization processes observed in the two propagation regimes.
Is Transparency Good in a Supply Chain? The Downside of Information Acquisition Transparency
Authors: Li Yongjian , Li Futou , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn the supply chain, retailers usually have inherent advantages over manufacturers in obtaining demand information because they are closer to the final market and can directly interact with consumers. However, manufacturers cannot make sure whether their retailers have obtained extra demand information. The retailer's information acquisition state is also an important aspect of information asymmetry among supply chain participants, besides the demand information itself. We examine two modes observed in practice regarding the transparency of the retailer's information acquisition state: non‐transparency and full transparency. By incorporating a manufacturer's information belief adjustment strategy, our study thus addresses a retailer's acquisition and ex‐post sharing of information (i.e., the decision on how to share acquired information) under the two transparency modes. The main findings show that under the non‐transparency mode, the retailer shares low‐demand information but hides high‐demand information. With respect to the interim profit (i.e., after the acquisition cost is realized), the preferences of the manufacturer, retailer, and supply chain on the two modes depend on the information acquisition cost. With respect to the ex‐ante profit (i.e., before acquisition cost is realized), surprisingly, the manufacturer and supply chain always prefer the non‐transparency mode, whereas the retailer's preference for the two modes still depends on the acquisition cost. In addition, our equilibrium outcome reveals that the retailer and the manufacturer will never sign an internal information sharing agreement (i.e., never achieve the full transparency mode), whether before or after the realization of information acquisition cost. We also find that the expected consumer surplus under the non‐transparency mode is always higher than that under the full transparency mode, which is also a counterintuitive outcome. Finally, our main findings in the core model are relatively robust when considering acquisition cost sharing, general demand distribution, general acquisition cost distribution, ex‐ante informed retailer, and imperfect information acquisition.
Positive Margin Rates in Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Malignancies: A National Analysis
Authors: Sharma Rahul K. , Orosco Ryan K. , Philips Ramez , Faraji Farhoud , Esce Antoinette R. , Topf Michael C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveOral cavity malignancies (OCC) and oropharyngeal malignancies (OPC) historically have higher rates of positive surgical margins (PSM) compared to other solid malignancies. The objective of this study is to understand trends and predictors in positive surgical margins (PSM) for OPSCC and OCSCC using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).Study DesignRetrospective Cohort Study.SettingNational Cancer Database.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients with OCC and OPC between 2004 and 2020 in the NCDB. Linear regression analysis between PSM rates and year was performed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of the year of diagnosis on PSM after adjusting for patient, tumor, and healthcare system‐related factors.ResultsWe analyzed 60,695 patients with OCC and 31,950 patients with OPC. Overall PSM rate was 16.1% in OCC and 33.1% in OPC. OCC PSM rate decreased from 17.7% in 2004 to 15.8% in 2020. OPC PSM rate decreased from 32.5% to 25.0%. Later date of diagnosis was associated with a reduction in positive margins for both OCC (odds ratio [OR] 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99‐1.0, P < .001) and OPC (0.99, 0.98‐0.99, P < .001). For patients with available minimally‐invasive surgery data, both later year of diagnosis (0.95, 0.93‐0.96, P < .001) and use of minimally‐invasive techniques (0.830, 0.75‐0.92, P < .001) were associated with a reduction in PSM in OPC.ConclusionPositive margins for OCC/OPC have been decreasing over the past 2 decades. Robot use has been associated with a reduced PSM rate in OPC. Understanding factors that may contribute to trends in PSM is important in promoting continued improvement.
Comparison of IL‐1 Receptor Antagonist and Dexamethasone in Noise‐Induced Hearing Loss: Animal Model
Authors: Yaşar Nagihan G. , Yiğman Zeynep , Billur Deniz , Tufan Abdurrahman , Gündüz Bülent , Kamişli Gurbet İ. Ş. , Karamert Recep 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to attenuate cochlear inflammation following noise‐induced hearing loss by targeting IL‐1. We evaluated the effectiveness of IL‐1 inhibition through auditory and histological assessments in an animal model.Study designExperimental animal study.SettingGazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.MethodsTwenty‐four rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: Anakinra, dexamethasone, and control groups. All animals were exposed to broadband noise (110 dB SPL, 8 hours), auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests were conducted before noise exposure, immediately after, and on Day 14. Anakinra, dexamethasone, and saline were administered intraperitoneally, cochlear tissues were harvested for histological and immunohistochemical evaluation.ResultsOn Day 14, ABR thresholds in Anakinra group were better than the control group across all frequencies, with a significant difference observed at 8 kHz (P = .036). The mean number of OHC was significantly higher in Anakinra group compared to the control group (P < .05). The mean number of IHC in the Anakinra group was greater than in the dexamethasone group. IL‐1β immunopositivity in the stria vascularis and spiral ganglia was significantly higher in Anakinra group compared to dexamethasone group (P = .022 and P = .013, respectively). TNF‐α immunopositivity in the stria vascularis and spiral ganglia was significantly greater in control group than in Anakinra group (P = .037 and P = .01, respectively).ConclusionThe comparable efficacy of Anakinra and dexamethasone in both histological and auditory assessments suggests that Anakinra may serve as a promising therapeutic option for noise‐induced hearing loss.
Assessing Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) Quality: A Retrospective Review of One Center's Findings
Authors: Choudhry Hannaan S. , Povolotskiy Roman , Damji Shahin , Ying Yu‐Lan M. , Raia Nicole 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesAuditory brainstem response (ABR) is the gold standard to assess hearing loss in pediatric patients. Multiple widely accepted ABR protocols with varying parameters are accepted, difference in standards may lead to misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis and treatment. This study investigates the quality of ABR testing in pediatric patients in addition to changes in diagnoses and management.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingUniversity Hospital, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School.MethodsRetrospective chart review was conducted for all pediatric patients from 2012 to 2019 who had undergone prior outside ABR testing before presenting to our institution for hearing loss evaluation. The ABR tests were analyzed for completeness following the American Academy of Audiology (AAA), American Speech Language Hearing Association (ASHA), and The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) guidelines. Descriptive statistics on changes in patient diagnoses and interventions after repeat ABR were performed.Results80 patients met inclusion criteria. The most common reasons for an incomplete ABR were inadequate components of testing including tone burst bone conduction (85.0%), polarity (82.5%), and tone burst air conduction (48.7%). 77 of the patients who presented required a repeat ABR. 37 repeated ABRs resulted in a change of diagnosis, the most common being from unspecified hearing loss to sensorineural hearing loss (10%). 23 cases had a change in ultimate management.ConclusionIncomplete ABR testing may result in misdiagnosis, delay in diagnosis and treatment. Identifying common reasons for incomplete ABR testing may aid Otolaryngologists develop a screening workflow to recognize patients requiring repeat testing.Level of Evidence4.
Pattern of surface energy (tension) change after coating/printing on a pretreated (Low Density /Linear Low Density Poly Ethylene) co‐extruded plastic film surface and its consequences on lamination and overprinting
Authors: Das Bidhan , Chakrabarty Debabrata , Mukherjee Avik , Guha Chandan , Bose Saswata 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study embodies the characterization of corona‐treated co‐extruded transparent polyethylene films at different voltages after printing with five different colors to inspect whether variations in surface polarities have any influence on the behavior of the ink coatings. The variation in the coating weights of the differently colored inks' was studied as a function of surface energies of the films and found to lie within the range of 0.925–2.7 g/m2 (GSM), irrespective of surface energies of the films. The surface energies of the respective ink coatings were also determined separately, which were then compared with the surface energies of the corona‐treated co‐extruded plastic films under study. Additionally, the force of adhesion of the ink films over the treated film, at any particular wattage was determined, which varied as white > magenta > cyan > yellow > black. Other surface characteristics of the ink coatings, such as contact angle, coefficient of friction, scuff resistance, were also investigated. The barrier properties, mechanical, and ageing characteristics of the ink coated‐treated plastics films were found not to get impacted upon much by the influence of coating on their surfaces.Highlights
Subsequent Processing like lamination and overprinting.
Corona Pre‐treatment LD/LLDPE co‐extruded film.
Scuffing characteristics of the printed (with different colored inks) pre‐treated (corona) LD/LLDPE films.
Interlocking through its chemisorptive/ adsorptive forces.
For all colored films, the kinetic C.OF. suffered a small increase with surface treatment level.
Effect of Ethoxy functionalized hexagonal boron nitride on h‐BN/TPU thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposite and its thermal properties
Authors: Tiwari Rishabh , Butola B. S. , Joshi Mangala 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the thermal and electrical properties of Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites embedded with hexagonal‐Boron Nitride (h‐BN) nanosheets. The ethoxy functionalization of the h‐BN, on account of the interaction between the ethanol and h‐BN, led to the exfoliation of the nanosheets at low amounts of loading and had a direct impact on the thermal conductivity of the m‐BN/TPU nanocomposites. The modified BN (m‐BN) was studied using FTIR, TGA, and XPS to verify the interaction between ethanol and h‐BN. The m‐BN/TPU nanocomposites exhibited enhanced thermal stability and reduced IR emissivity. The electrical resistivity was measured using an electrometer and then further measured with the LCR meter. The composite loaded with 50 wt.% m‐BN loading presented a thermal conductivity of 0.62 Wm−1 K−1, 443% higher and an electrical resistivity of 94% higher than neat TPU. These results showed that m‐BN/TPU composites may find various applications for flexible microelectronic industry as a futuristic material.Highlights
A facile one‐step ethoxy modification on boron nitride nanosheets.
Improvement in the m‐BN nanosheets dispersion in TPU matrix due to ethoxy functionalization.
Enhanced thermal conductivity by 443% of TPU nanocomposites because of established thermally conductive pathways.
Minimal change in the IR emissivity of m‐BN/TPU nanocomposite at 50% wt. loading.
Enhancing biopolymer materials with coffee waste‐derived reinforcements
Authors: Bairwan Rahul Dev , Khalil H.P.S Abdul , Nuryawan Arif , Ahmad Mardiana Idayu , Kassim Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad , Ahmad Azfaralariff 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe rising consumption of coffee produces significant waste, posing environmental challenges. However, coffee waste serves as a low‐cost, abundant source of biocompounds to enhance polymer composites. The review examines the use of coffee waste as a filler in polymer matrices to create eco‐friendly composites with improved mechanical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Chemical modifications of coffee waste further enhance these properties, making it a viable material for sustainable applications. The study highlights recent advancements in biopolymer composites using coffee industry byproducts, emphasizing their composition, characteristics, and sustainability benefits. This approach supports circular economy initiatives by converting waste into valuable materials, addressing both waste management and material sustainability. Future research will focus on optimizing processing techniques and exploring new applications for cost‐effective, sustainable production of polymer composites from coffee waste.Highlights
Coffee waste offers a low‐cost, eco‐friendly filler for biopolymers.
Coffee byproducts enhance polymer's antioxidant, antibacterial traits.
Waste utilization aligns with sustainability, reducing environmental impact.
Chemical treatments enhance coffee waste's contribution to biopolymers.
Future research to focus on cost‐effective, sustainable material production.
A numerical study on the warm deep drawability of polypropylene under differential heating conditions
Authors: Emani Chandra Kishore Reddy , Mallick P. K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWarm deep drawing of polypropylene blanks to form flat‐bottom cylindrical cups under differential heating conditions is numerically investigated using finite element analysis. Differential heating involves heating only the flange area of the blank to an elevated temperature while the punch area of the blank remains at 25°C. The effects of initial flange temperature, blank diameter, blank holder force, punch corner radius and die corner radius on the depth of draw are studied. Comparisons are made between depths of draw obtained in differential heating and homogeneous heating in which the entire blank that includes its flange as well as punch areas is heated to the same temperature. It is shown that significantly higher draw depths can be obtained with differential heating for the cups with sharp punch corner radius of 3 mm and lower. Variations in thickness, temperature and plastic strain in the deep drawn cups, punch forces, and failure modes are also determined.Highlights
Differential blank heating gives higher draw depths with sharp punch radius.
Draw depth increases with increasing die corner radius.
Draw depth increases with increasing temperature differential.
Draw depth increases with decreasing blank diameter and blank holder force.
In differential heating, blanks fail at die corner instead of punch corner.
Heat‐Resistant Strong Adhesive Consisting of Aromatic Polyamide With an Acid‐Removable N‐Protecting Group and a Thermal Acid Generator
Authors: Katoh Takayoshi , Takai Kaede , Shirakawa Izumi , Takahashi Shun , Morota Yuki , Ohta Yoshihiro , Akimoto Masato , Yokozawa Tsutomu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe present a heat‐resistant strong adhesive system consisting of aromatic polyamide substituted with N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl (Boc) groups, synthesized by polycondensation of bis(4‐Boc‐aminophenyl) ether (1) and isophthaloyl chloride (2), together with a thermal acid generator (TAG). Upon heating, the Boc groups are readily removed by the TAG‐generated acid, affording N‐H polyamide. Adhesion was conducted at 150°C or 250°C under a pressure of 10 kgf/cm2 for 7 h to eliminate voids due to Boc‐derived gaseous CO2 and isobutene. For metal adherends treated at 150°C, the adhesion strength was 2–3 MPa. However, upon treatment at 250°C, above the T
g of N‐H polyamide (236°C), the adhesion strength reached 7.43–6.25 MPa for sandblasted steel plate, cold commercial (SPCC) and stainless steel. Next, we prepared copolyamides with lower T
g values from 1, bis(4‐methylaminophenyl) ether (3), and 2. Upon treatment at 150°C, the adhesion strength of SPCC with copolyamide consisting of 30% 1 and 70% 3 reached 6.83 MPa. As regards heat resistance, SPCC treated with N‐Boc polyamide/TAG at 250°C maintained an adhesion strength of 7.0–7.5 MPa from room temperature to 250°C, whereas SPCC treated with copolyamide/TAG at 150°C maintained an adhesion strength of 6.8–8.2 MPa up to 200°C.
Anisotropic Cosmic Expansion Inspired by Some Novel Holographic Dark Energy Models in f(Q)$f(Q)$ Theory
Authors: Saleem Rabia , Ijaz Aleeha , Waheed Saira 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe present work discusses the topic of cosmic evolution in an intriguing framework of theory of gravity (with as a non‐metricity (NM) scalar which controls the gravitational interaction) by using some recently proposed holographic dark energy (HDE) models. To achieve this goal, the dynamical equations for locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type‐I (BI) geometry are formulated with matter contents as a mixture of dust and anisotropic fluids. By assuming that the time‐redshift relation follows a Lambert function, the cosmological model is constructed by using Rényi HDE (RHDE), Sharma–Mittal HDE (SMHDE) and Generalized HDE (GHDE) as separate cases where Hubble horizon is taken as an infrared (IR) cutoff. Cosmological characteristics of these models are then examined through graphs of energy densities, skewness parameter , deceleration, and EoS parameters. The evolution of the EoS parameter is also studied, i.e., to discuss the dynamical characteristics of constructed DE models and assess the stability of models via the squared speed of sound parameter. It is found that the plane shows the freezing region for RHDE and GHDE models while the thawing region for the SMHDE case. Also, it is concluded that all constructed models exhibit cosmologically viable and stable behavior.
Association of SGLT2 Inhibitor Initiation and PSA Response in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Aber Etan R. , Carducci Michael A. , Paller Channing J. , Denmeade Sam R. , Rourke Kelli , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionNon‐castrating therapies are an unmet clinical need for patients with advanced prostate cancer. To maximize quality of life and prioritize cardiovascular health, we investigated SGLT2 inhibitors as a non‐castrating therapy in patients with prostate cancer.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with either local or biochemically recurrent prostate cancer who initiated therapy with an SGLT2 inhibitor without concurrent androgen deprivation therapy. The primary endpoint was an estimated PSA50 response rate. A secondary endpoint was PSA any response rate.ResultsA total of nine patients (median age 63 years old; 44.4% Black; median PSA 3.7; 33.3% localized, 66.7% biochemically recurrent) were included. The PSA50 and PSAany response rate were 22.2% (N = 2/9) and 44.4% (N = 4/9), respectively.ConclusionsPatients with localized or biochemically recurrent prostate cancer achieved PSA responses to SGLT2 inhibitors. These findings justify prospective studies in patients with prostate cancer.
Conference report: Fifth annual young researcher forum of the Japan Society of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Traditional Medicine
Authors: Yoshino Tetsuhiro , Tanide Sayaka , Hamai Miho , Nishiura Riko , Hatae Akinobu , Nose Itsuki , Oda Yoshimi , Fukada Yusuke , Yang Ximeng , Ando Hirokazu , Ogawa Keiko , Murakami Kazuhito , Nakashima Souichi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeven young researchers presented their studies in the field of traditional Japanese herbal medicine (Wakan‐yaku) at the Fifth Annual Young Researcher Forum held the day before the 2024 annual meeting of the Japan Society of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Traditional Medicine. Ms Tanide presented on the changes in flavonoid and synephrine content in chimpi based on the storage period. Ms Hamai discussed natural compounds that contribute to improving bortezomib resistance in myeloma cells and their mechanisms of action. Ms Nishiura presented the production of a monoclonal antibody against geniposide and its application in indirect competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Mr Hatae presented about the effects of ninjin'yoeito on cisplatin‐induced anorexia and the variations in intestinal clock genes. Ms Nose explored the analgesic effects of bushi‐containing Kampo formulas, with a focus on goshajinkigan's improvement of cold allodynia. Dr Oda discussed the antifungal activity of henna leaves against Malassezia. Lastly, Mr Fukuda presented how cultivation environments affect the quality of Schizonepeta spikes, including their morphology and component content. The event, conducted both in person and online, attracted a total of 54 participants. Looking ahead, we aim to further develop and continue hosting this forum in 2025 and beyond, fostering the advancement of research in this field.