bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of uniconazole on the physiological characteristics and cadmium accumulation of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings
Authors: Huang Kewen , Xiao Yunying , Dong Yiping , Xu Xiangting , Zhang Ran , Lin Lijin , Liao Ming'an 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo determine if the uniconazole concentration(s) whether could enhance the cadmium (Cd) tolerance of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings, the effects of spray treatments with various uniconazole concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mg/L) on the physiological characteristics and Cd accumulation of C. betacea seedlings were studied in a hydroponic experiment. The results indicated that uniconazole significantly decreased the Cd content of C. betacea seedling stems, leaves, and shoots, but significantly increased the biomass of all analyzed seedling parts. Additionally, the leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents as well as the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and CO2 concentration of intercellular were higher for the uniconazole‐treated C. betacea seedlings than for the control seedlings. The optimal uniconazole concentration significantly promoted the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities and the soluble protein content of C. betacea leaves. Moreover, uniconazole decreased the soluble sugar content of the C. betacea roots and stems, but had the opposite effect on the soluble sugar content of the leaves and shoots. The 20 mg/L uniconazole treatment resulted in the highest C. betacea seedling biomass and the lowest Cd content, indicating this concentration may be useful for improving C. betacea seedling growth in Cd‐contaminated soils.
Purinergic signaling in peripheral nervous system glial cells
Authors: Patritti‐Cram Jennifer , Coover Robert. A. , Jankowski Michael P. , Ratner Nancy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo facilitate analyses of purinergic signaling in peripheral nerve glia, we review recent literature and catalog purinergic receptor mRNA expression in cultured mouse Schwann cells (SCs). Purinergic signaling can decrease developmental SC proliferation, and promote SC differentiation. The purinergic receptors P2RY2 and P2RX7 are implicated in nerve development and in the ratio of Remak SCs to myelinating SCs in differentiated peripheral nerve. P2RY2, P2RX7, and other receptors are also implicated in peripheral neuropathies and SC tumors. In SC tumors lacking the tumor suppressor NF1, the SC pathway that suppresses SC growth through P2RY2‐driven β‐arrestin‐mediated AKT signaling is aberrant. SC‐released purinergic agonists acting through SC and/or neuronal purinergic receptors activate pain responses. In all these settings, purinergic receptor activation can result in calcium‐independent and calcium‐dependent release of SC ATP and UDP, growth factors, and cytokines that may contribute to disease and nerve repair. Thus, current research suggests that purinergic agonists and/or antagonists might have the potential to modulate peripheral glia function in development and in disease.
Multilayer flow and heat transport of nanoliquids with nonlinear Boussinesq approximation and viscous heating using differential transform method
Authors: Rajeev Anandika , Mahanthesh Basavarajappa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMultilayer fluid flow models are significant in various applications, namely, cooling electronic systems, solar thermal systems, and nuclear reactors. The density of a fluid fluctuates nonlinearly due to large temperature difference circumstances in thermal systems. Thus, the linear Boussinesq approximation is no longer relevant. Therefore, this article describes a multilayer flow of nanoliquids in the presence of nonlinear Boussinesq approximation. The hybrid nanoliquid layer is sandwiched between two nanoliquid layers. The single‐phase khanafer‐vafai‐lightstone model is implemented to simulate the nanoliquids. The quadratic density temperature fluctuation and viscous heating are taken into account. The temperature and velocity across the interface are assumed to be continuous. The equations that govern the problem are solved analytically by using the differential transformation method. The results show that the presence of a hybrid nanoliquid layer affects the velocity and heat transfer properties of the nanofluid flow. Hybrid nanofluid can be used to achieve the desired multilayer flow properties of a nanofluid and its heat transfer properties. Further, the quadratic convection aspect increases the velocity distributions.
Time‐dependent hydromagnetic stagnation point flow of a Maxwell nanofluid with melting heat effect and amended Fourier and Fick's laws
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Mazhar Syeda Z. , Ramzan Muhammad , Mehmood Yasir 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn unsteady stagnation point flow of a Maxwell fluid over a unidirectional linearly stretching sheet is studied under the influence of a magnetic field. The parabolic energy equation, which is based on parabolic Fourier law is replaced with a hyperbolic energy equation incorporating the heat flux model of Cattaneo–Christov. The Buongiorno model is used to characterize the properties of nanofluids using thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion coefficients. The phenomenon of melting heat transfer and slip mechanism is also embodied in the present study. Coupled nonlinear differential equations have appeared when the specified similarity transformations are applied. The mathematical problem is tackled via the homotopy analysis method. The impact of important physical parameters on the velocity, concentration, and temperature are highlighted via graphs. To verify our present results, a comparison is given with a limiting case with an already published article. It is witnessed through the graphs that the higher unsteadiness parameter and melting heat coefficient both are responsible for the reduction in the velocity and temperature of the nanofluid. Also, the velocity slip parameter detracts the velocity profile and affiliated boundary layer thickness of the Maxwell nanofluid.
Trade openness, financial development and economic growth in North African countries
Authors: Mohamed Sghaier Imen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis contribution investigates the relationships between financial development, trade openness and economic growth on a panel of four North African countries (Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria and Egypt), over a 5‐year period from 1991 to 2015. In fact, using the generalized method of moment (GMM) in a panel data analysis, we found strong evidence of a positive link between trade openness and economic growth. Moreover, we found that trade openness appears to be working as a complement to financial development and that its effect is more pronounced in the presence of the financial development variable. Therefore, the policy implications of this study appeared clear. Hence, improvement efforts need to be driven by local‐level reforms to ensure the development of domestic financial system and take full advantage of the technology transfer induced by international trade.
Associations of PER3 polymorphisms with clopidogrel resistance among Chinese Han people treated with clopidogrel
Authors: Zheng Nan , Yin Fengying , Yu Qinglin , Zhong Jinyan , Yang Jin , Xu Zhifeng , Su Jia , Chen Xiaomin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundChanges in circadian rhythm are related to various diseases, such as immune system diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The PERIOD3 (PER3) clock gene is one of the most important genes in the rhythm regulation system. Our goal was to evaluate the possible association between the PER3 rs228729 (T/C) polymorphism or PER3 rs2797685(T/C) polymorphism and clopidogrel resistance (CR) and to study the impact of clinical baseline data on clopidogrel resistance.MethodsPER3 polymorphisms rs2797685 (T/C) and rs228729 (T/C) were assessed in 156 patients with (72) and without (84) CR. Blood samples were collected and analyzed after the application of clopidogrel for interventional therapy.ResultsAge, albumin, PLT, and PCT levels influenced the risk of CR (p < 0.05). For rs2797685, when the PCT value was greater than 0.19, patients with the TT + TC genotype had an increased risk of clopidogrel resistance compared with those with the CC genotype (PCT ≥ 0.19, p = 0.014; PCT p = 0.004). In patients with albumin values greater than 40 or PCT greater than 0.19, those with the rs228729 TT + TC genotype had an increased risk of clopidogrel resistance compared with those with the CC genotype (albumin≥40, TT+TC:CC, p = 0.01, albumin p = 0.005; PCT ≥ 0.19, TT+TC:CC, p < 0.001, PCT p = 0.004). Logistic regression analysis of clinical baseline data and genotype showed that high albumin is a protective factor against clopidogrel resistance. The PER3 gene polymorphism has no clear correlation with clopidogrel resistance.ConclusionIn summary, our research shows that PER3 SNPs may be helpful to assess the pathogenesis of CR.
The value of women coming together: Effects and practices of a gender‐focused community intervention funded by a government agency
Authors: Daher Marianne , Cifuentes Sofía , Saa Madelaine , Rosati Antonia , Hernández Angie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe gender focus has been incorporated into public policies as a strategy to reduce gender inequity and overcome discriminatory stereotype behaviors. However, the state or institutional feminism has been questioned for being uncritical and not very transformative, where the critical and transformative nature of community psychology offer valuable opportunities. In this context, effects and practices of a community intervention funded by a government agency and aimed at the de‐naturalization of gender stereotypes and its consequences in everyday life with vulnerable women, mostly older adults, are analyzed. Using a qualitative methodology, interviews and focus groups with women who participated in the intervention, community leaders, and key actors were conducted. A total of 46 people took part in the investigation. Data were analyzed using Grounded Theory. Facilitating and hindering factors influencing the gender‐focused community intervention implemented were identified. Furthermore, effects linked to community participation among women are regarded as affirmative acts in response to social vulnerability, with self‐care, co‐care, and empowerment regarding gender stereotypes standing out as the main results. Finally, the value of women's gatherings in community spaces, linking them with the contributions of feminist theory, and outline points of tension and challenges facing gender‐focused community interventions are discussed.
Embryotoxicity characterization of the flame retardant tris(1‐chloro‐2‐propyl)phosphate (TCPP) in the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis
Authors: Mercurio Silvia , Messinetti Silvia , Manenti Raoul , Ficetola Gentile Francesco , Pennati Roberta 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTris(1‐chloro‐2‐propyl)phosphate (TCPP) is the most common chlorinated organophosphorus flame retardant in seawater. Due to its chemical features and abundance, TCPP has been classified as a high hazard, and restrictions of use have been set in multiple countries. Despite TCPP being highly present in the marine environment, only a few studies have explored the TCPP impact on the development of marine invertebrates. Ascidians are important invertebrate members of benthic marine communities and reliable model systems for ecotoxicological research. The aim of this study was to assess the adverse effects of TCPP exposure on the embryogenesis of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Our results showed that this pollutant affected both muscles and nervous system development. Malformations appeared similar to those reported in other animal models for other flame retardants, suggesting that these molecules could share a common mechanism of action and induce a mixture effect when simultaneously present in the aquatic environment even at sub‐teratogenic concentrations.
The nonpharmacological sequence method provides a reliable evaluation of baroreflex sensitivity in fish
Authors: Armelin Vinicius A. , Braga Victor H. da Silva , Teixeira Mariana T. , Guagnoni Igor N. , Wang Tobias , Florindo Luiz H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe most commonly used technique to study the barostatic regulation of blood pressure in ectothermic vertebrates consists of determining the heart rate response to pharmacological manipulations of blood pressure, the so‐called “Oxford method.” Although well established, the Oxford method has some important limitations, such as induction of hypervolemia in small animals and undesired effects of vasoactive drugs on central and peripheral baroreflex components. As an alternative, the sequence method, which consists in the computerized evaluation of naturally‐occurring baroreflex adjustments of heart rate without the need for pharmacological administrations, was developed to study baroreflexes. In the present study, we compare this sequence method with the Oxford technique in two teleost species with different life styles, and we assess the optimal software configuration for the employment of the sequence method in fish. Calculation of baroreflex gain through the sequence method was adequate and reliable when the software was configured to search for baroreflex sequences with a minimum length of three cardiac cycles with a delay of one cardiac cycle between fluctuations in mean ventral aortic blood pressure and reflex changes in pulse interval. When properly configured, the sequence and the Oxford methods yielded similar determinations of the baroreflex gain in fish.
In‐hospital mortality in gastroparesis population and its predictors: A United States‐based population study
Authors: Saleem Saad , Inayat Faisal , Aziz Muhammad , Then Eric O , Zafar Yousaf , Gaduputi Vinaya 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and AimTo determine the United States‐based in‐hospital gastroparesis mortality rate and independent predictors associated with it.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using the deidentified National Inpatient Sample and Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project database between the years 2012 and 2014. The in‐hospital gastroparesis mortality rate was calculated. Patients' demographics, including age, gender, race, comorbid conditions, and hospital characteristics, were examined as potential predictors of mortality.ResultsThe gastroparesis mortality rate was 3.19 per 1000 gastroparesis patients for the years 2012–2014. Caucasians had the highest mortality rate, with odds ratio (OR) = 2.27; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.52–3.38, and P = 0.0001. Rural hospitals had higher mortality, with OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.10–2.10, and P = 0.01, whereas urban nonteaching and teaching hospitals showed no statistically significant mortality difference, with OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.6–1.15, and P = 0.27 and OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.59–1.15, and P = 0.25, respectively. In hospitals in the south region, mortality was the highest at 65.6%, with OR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.48–2.84, and P < 0.0001. Patients with diabetes mellitus had 39% lower probability in the mortality group.ConclusionBeing of advanced age; being White; and being in a rural, southern U.S. hospital were predictors of in‐hospital mortality in gastroparesis patients.
Will the emergent SARS‐CoV2 B.1.1.7 lineage affect molecular diagnosis of COVID‐19?
Authors: Ramírez Juan D. , Muñoz Marina , Patiño Luz H. , Ballesteros Nathalia , Paniz‐Mondolfi Alberto 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic keep tackling global public health systems worldwide. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV2) genome keeps mutating. In that regard, the recent emergence of the B.1.1.7 lineage in the UK has called the attention of global authorities. One point of concern is that if this lineage can be detected by traditional molecular schemes for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection. Herein, we showed that this lineage does not affect the Berlin–Charité protocol but can challenge the available commercial kits directed to the Spike (S) gene. All efforts should be made to continue to monitor SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes for potential variants that can impair diagnostic testing and lead to false negative results.
Raman spectroscopy analysis of graphene oxide‐enhanced textiles
Authors: Jin Huaizhou , Zhu Leilei , Jin Shangzhong , Jiang Li , Zou Yanqiu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) enhanced textiles were studied using Raman spectroscopy. Compared with regular textiles, GO‐enhanced textiles show GO's signature D and G peaks at 1,350 and 1,580 cm−1; they also show GO's harmonics peaks at 2,690 and 2,925 cm−1. The intensity of GO's signature peaks has linear correlation with GO's percentage in weight. A principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) model are used to classify textile samples with 98.75% accuracy.
Concentrate supplementation with dried corn gluten feed improves the fatty acid profile of longissimus thoracis muscle from steers offered grass silage
Authors: Salami Saheed A , O'Grady Michael N , Luciano Giuseppe , Priolo Alessandro , McGee Mark , Moloney Aidan P , Kerry Joseph P 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDConcentrate supplementation of a grass silage‐based ration is a typical practice employed for indoor winter finishing of beef cattle in many temperate countries. Plant by‐products, such as dried corn gluten feed (CGF), can be used to replace conventional feedstuffs in a concentrate supplement to enhance the sustainability of ruminant production systems and to improve meat quality. This study examined the chemical composition, fatty acid profile, oxidative stability and sensory attributes of beef (longissimus thoracis muscle) from steers offered grass silage and concentrate supplements containing varying levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) of CGF substituted for barley / soybean meal.RESULTSFeeding 50%CGF decreased the protein content and increased intramuscular fat in comparison with 25%CGF. Total phenol content and iron‐reducing antioxidant power followed the order: 0%CGF > 50%CGF and 25%CGF > 0%CGF = 50%CGF, respectively. Compared to 0%CGF, 25%CGF and 75%CGF decreased C14:0 and increased C22:2n‐6, C20:5n‐3 and total n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids whereas 75%CGF increased conjugated linoleic acids and C18:3n‐3. Diet did not affect the oxidative stability and sensory attributes of beef patties.CONCLUSIONThe inclusion of up to 75%CGF in a supplementary concentrate for steers increased the proportion of health‐promoting unsaturated fatty acids without negatively influencing the shelf‐life and eating quality of longissimus thoracis muscle. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Dysphagia Evaluation: The Added Value of Concurrent MBS and Esophagram
Authors: Hawkins Daniel , Cabrera Claudia I. , Kominsky Rachel , Nahra Alexis , Howard N. Scott , Maronian Nicole 
Published: January 2021

Objectives/HypothesisDysphagia is associated with increased mortality and healthcare costs. The modified barium swallow study (MBS) is the gold standard in assessing oropharyngeal dysphagia, but does not evaluate the esophagus. A barium esophagram can visualize the esophagus but does not evaluate the oropharyngeal swallow, nor does it utilize the expertise of speech and language pathologists. Providers may order one or both studies yet still risk missing critical pathology.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted at an academic medical center between January 2016 and June 2019 focused on patients who had both MBS and esophagram as imaging for dysphagia evaluation. Analysis determined whether MBS and esophagram performed concomitantly improved diagnostic clarity.ResultsA total of 5,183 patients underwent 6,066 swallow studies for dysphagia in the study period. Of which, 124 of these patients had concurrent MBS and esophagram. 10.5% of concurrent studies demonstrated a congruent negative evaluation. 59.7% of patients had an unremarkable MBS or esophagram paired with abnormal findings within the corresponding esophagram or MBS, respectively. 29.8% had both MBS and esophagrams that demonstrated an abnormality, but with unique pathologies identified by each study. In total, 85.1% of unremarkable MBS or esophagrams were paired with abnormal findings in the corresponding esophagram or MBS, respectively.ConclusionSelection of diagnostic testing is variable among providers and may be influenced by healthcare systems. This analysis revealed that MBS and esophagrams provide unique diagnoses. Concurrent MBS and esophagrams may improve diagnostic accuracy, yet minimize additional studies. National practices around dysphagia diagnostics are inconsistent and would benefit from standardization.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:2666–2670, 2021
First measurements of ionization cluster‐size distributions with a compact nanodosimeter
Authors: Vasi Fabiano , Schneider Uwe 
Published: January 2021

PurposeA nanodosimeter is a type of detector which measures single ionizations in a small gaseous volume in order to obtain ionization cluster size probability distributions for characterization of radiation types. Working nanodosimeter detectors are usually bulky machines which require a lot of space. In this work, the authors present a compact ceramic nanodosimeter detector and report on first measurements of cluster size distributions of 5 MeV alpha particles.MethodsSingle ionization measurements are achieved by applying a weak electric field to collect positive ions in a hole in a ceramic plate. Inside the ceramic plate, due to a strong electric field, the ions are accelerated and produce impact‐ionizations. The resulting electron avalanche is detected in a read‐out electrode. A Bayesian unfolding algorithm is then applied to the experimentally obtained cluster size distributions to reconstruct the true cluster size distributions.ResultsExperimentally obtained cluster size distributions by the compact nanodosimeter detector are presented. The reconstructed cluster size distributions agreed well with Monte Carlo simulated cluster size distributions for small volumes (diameter = 2.5 nm). For larger volumes, discrepancies between the reconstructed cluster size distributions and cluster size distributions from Monte Carlo simulations were observed.ConclusionsFor the first time, ionization cluster size probability distributions could be obtained by a small and compact nanodosimeter detector. This signifies the achievement of a critical step toward the wide application of nanodosimetric characterization of radiation types including in clinical environments.