bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Novel Antibacterial Protein CB6-C to Target Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Zhang Haipeng , Liu Yuehua , Xu Qijun , Inam Muhammad , He Chengguang , Jiang Xiuyun , Jia Yu , Ma Hongxia , Kong Lingcong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Given the serious threat of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens to global healthcare, there is an urgent need to find effective antibacterial compounds to treat drug-resistant bacterial infections. In our previous studies, Bacillus velezensis CB6 with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity was obtained from the soil of Changbaishan, China. In this study, with MRSA as an indicator bacterium, an antibacterial protein was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, a Sephadex G-75 column, a QAE-Sephadex A 25 column and RP-HPLC, which demonstrated a molecular weight of 31405.48 Da by SDS-PAGE. LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that the compound was an antibacterial protein CB6-C, which had 88.5% homology with chitosanase Csn produced by Bacillus subtilis 168. An antibacterial protein CB6-C showed an effective antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria (in particular, the MIC for MRSA was 16 μg/mL), low toxicity, thermostability, stability in different organic reagents and pH values, and an additive effect with conventionally used antibiotics. Mechanistic studies showed that an antibacterial protein CB6-C exerted anti-MRSA activity through destruction of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) on the cell wall. In addition, an antibacterial protein CB6-C was efficient in preventing MRSA infections in In Vivo models. In conclusion, this protein CB6-C is a newly discovered antibacterial protein and has the potential to become an effective antibacterial agent due to its high therapeutic index, safety, nontoxicity and great stability.
MYCL promotes iPSC-like colony formation via MYC Box 0 and 2 domains
Authors: Akifuji Chiaki , Iwasaki Mio , Kawahara Yuka , Sakurai Chiho , Cheng Yusheng , Imai Takahiko , Nakagawa Masato 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the potential to differentiate into any cell in the body and thus have attractive regenerative medicine potential. Current iPSC generation protocols, however, have low efficiency and show variable quality among clones. This variability influences the efficiency and reproducibility of iPSC differentiation. Our previous study reported that MYC proteins (c-MYC and MYCL) are important for the reprogramming efficiency and germline transmission of iPSCs, but that MYCL can generate iPSC colonies more efficiently than c-MYC. However, why c-MYC and MYCL cause different reprogramming efficiencies is unknown. In this study, we found that MYC Box 0 (MB0) and MB2, two functional domains conserved in the MYC protein family, contribute to the phenotypic difference and promote iPSC generation in MYCL-induced reprogramming. Proteome analysis suggested that in MYCL-induced reprogramming, cell adhesion-related cytoskeletal proteins are regulated by the MB0 domain, while RNA processes are regulated by the MB2 domain. These findings provide a molecular explanation for why MYCL has higher reprogramming efficiency than c-MYC.
Shaping the Brazilian landscape: a process drive by land occupation, large-scale deforestation, and rapid agricultural expansion
Authors: Parente Leandro , Mattos Ana Paula , Baumann Luis , Lopes Vanessa , Silva Elaine Barbosa , Nogueira Sérgio , Mesquita Vinícius Vieira , Ferreira Laerte Guimarães 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Brazil is one of the largest food producers in the world, a leading role that prompted a profound process of anthropization of itslandscapes. Knowing the dynamics and dimension of these transformations is essential for a more efficient and sustainable useof the country’s natural resources. Thus, in this study we present, based on an unprecedented sample design and interpretationof 85,152 sample points in Landsat images, the area estimates of the main land cover and land use classes in Brazil, as wellas their annual transitions, from 1985 to 2018. Our results indicate that, of the 850 Mha that comprise the national territory,294.2 Mha±1.44%were anthropized in 2018, with ~34%of this area converted after 1985. In this period, there was a loss of98.2 Mha±2.27%of natural vegetation, and an increase of 55.1 Mha±0.64%in the pasture areas and 28.2 Mha±0.29%in theareas of annual crops. The transition analysis showed that 83.07 Mha±1.31%of pastures and 9.64 Mha±0.45%of agriculture(annual, semi-perennial, and perennial combined) occurred over natural vegetation, 18.12 Mha±0.63%of pastures wereconverted to agriculture, while another 9.7 Mha±0.45%were abandoned, which can serve as important land reserves for otheruses. The vast public dataset, approaches (simple, robust, and straightforward), codes and tools (open and available) utilizedin this study can be easily employed in any other region of the world, in support of environmental monitoring and improvedterritorial governance practices.
A Pragmatic Evaluation of a Public Health Knowledge Broker Mentoring Education Program: A Convergent Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Clark Emily , Dhaliwal Bandna , Ciliska Donna , Neil-Sztramko Sarah , Steinberg Marla , Dobbins Maureen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Public health professionals are expected to use the best available research and contextual evidence to inform decision making. The National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools developed, implemented, and evaluated a Knowledge Broker mentoring program aimed at facilitating organization-wide evidence-informed decision making in ten public health units in Ontario, Canada. The purpose of this study was to pragmatically assess the impact of the program. Methods: A convergent mixed methods design was used to interpret quantitative results in the context of the qualitative findings. Quantitatively, participants’ knowledge and skills for finding, interpreting, and using evidence were measured before and after program completion via multiple-choice tests. Changes in scores were assessed using paired t-tests. Qualitatively, program participants and management at enrolled public health units were interviewed to explore the effect of program participation. A secondary analysis of these interviews was conducted to determine whether organizations met their evidence use goals set at baseline, and to identify key factors related to implementation of EIDM within the organization. Results: Post-program scores for knowledge and skills for EIDM were higher compared to pre-program scores (mean difference = 14.0%, 95% CI 8.2%, 19.8%). Organizations met their goals for evidence use to varying degrees. Key themes identified that support an organizational shift to EIDM include definitive plans for participants to share knowledge during and after program completion, embedding evidence into decision making processes, and supportive leadership with organizational investment of time and resources. The location, setting or size of health units was not associated with attainment of EIDM goals; small, rural health units were not at a disadvantage compared to larger, urban health units. Conclusions: The Knowledge Broker mentoring program effectively increased participants’ knowledge and skill, allowing them to share their learning and support change at their health units. When paired with organizational supports such as supportive leadership and resource investment, this program holds promise as an innovative knowledge translation strategy for organization wide EIDM among public health organizations.
Lateral Knee Pain Favors the Diagnosis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and its Postoperative Assessment Potentially Contributes in Treatment Follow- Up; A Pilot Study
Authors: Pourmokhtari Masoome , Razeghi Ali , Taghipour Nikta 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a standard technique for treatment of patients with an ACL tear. According to clinical observations, lateral knee pain is highly associated with a teared ACL, this correlation so far has remained unnoticed in the literature. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship of lateral knee pain with diagnosis of torn ACL.Methods: This pilot study was conducted on 30 candidates of ACL reconstruction. The participants underwent surgical reconstruction of ACL; Then Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure pain at three time points of preoperative, first and second postoperative visits. Results: A total of 26 participants (86.7%) were male with a mean age of 27.3±5.06 years. The results demonstrated that the intensity of lateral knee pain felt by the subjects significantly diminished during subsequent postoperative referrals (P-value<0.001). However, other variables including sex, age, and type of surgery (bone-patella tendon-bone and hamstring tendon) caused no significant difference in terms of pain reduction (p>0.05). Conclusions: Lateral knee pain is likely related with anterior cruciate ligament tear and favors its diagnosis. Also, the evaluation of lateral knee pain may contribute in Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction (ACLR) monitoring in the follow-up stage.
Personal positioning of oncology patients in palliative care: a mixed-method study
Authors: Silva Hellen Luiza Meireles , Valério Pedro Henrique Martins , Barreira Cristiano Roque Antunes , Peria Fernanda Maris 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The condition of advanced oncological disorders demands a complete health care, although attention has been predominant on physical aspects. To consider personal positioning entails other aspects when dealing with patients’ diseases – such as their existential aspects – expanding forms of care. This study aims to comprehend the personal positioning of oncology patients receiving palliative care.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional, convergent parallel mixed-methods study. Seventy-one oncology patients in palliative care cooperated with this study, 14 of whom participated in a qualitative approach and 56 in a quantitative approach only. In the former approach, we conducted a phenomenological interview and, in the latter, we used tools to measure meaning of life (PIL-Test), quality of life (EORTC QLQ C-30), anxiety and depression (HADS), and to collect sociodemographic data. Data obtained through the interview were analyzed according to the principles of Classical Phenomenology, and the quantitative data were analyzed through generalized structural equation models.
Results
Our results showed that patients regained their focus on life, accentuating its possibilities and distancing themselves from the impact of their condition, such as imminent death, which was associated with giving up fighting depression. These signs were observed in 21% of the participants. This demands a tenacious fight that supports a positioning nurtured by sensitivity. Related to such position is the religious belief in life continuation, together with their awareness of the meaning of their own lives. Additionally, we found a direct association between purpose in life and an increase in the scores of functional scales (p < 0.01) and a decrease in scores of symptoms (p < 0.01), anxiety (p = 0.02) and depression (p < 0.01). The last elements to appear and structure the patients’ experience were their intense will to live and the value of life.
Conclusions
Through the complementarity of a mixed-method approach, this study acknowledged the existential positioning of oncology patients in palliative care that may help in more comprehensive and real treatment plans, contributing for humanization in this area.
Changes in sleep patterns of college students in Israel during COVID-19 lockdown, a sleep diaries study.
Authors: Lan Anat , Kotler Danielle , Kronfeld-Schor Noga , Stukalin Yelena , Einat Haim 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective
To prevent and reduce the spread of COVID-19, governments around the world apply social restrictions and lockdowns. Such lockdowns significantly alter daily routine and habits. A growing body of research indicates that lockdowns affect sleep and circadian rhythms. The current study further explores that effect using sleep logs for a relatively long duration including lockdown and post-lockdown periods in Israel.
Methods
For five consecutive weeks, both during lockdown and during post-lockdown periods, from March 13th 2020 to May 12th 2020, Israeli students were asked to fill out daily sleep logs in which they report their sleep and wake times. The participants were also asked to fill out the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) in the beginning of the study.
Results
Data show increase in sleep duration and a later midsleep point during lockdown, compared to post-lockdown periods, both on workdays and on weekends. An interaction between chronotype and lockdown are also observed; Morning types sleep more both during lockdown and during post-lockdown periods. Interestingly, the midsleep point of late chronotypes is later during both workdays and weekends even during lockdown when social constrains on sleep time are in part removed.
Discussion
Overall, the current results based on detailed and relatively long-term sleep logs analysis confirm previous work using more limited measures such as one-time questionnaires. A lockdown period affects sleep-wake behavior: during lockdown people sleep duration is increased and their sleep onset is delayed. Nevertheless, the circadian preference of individuals is conserved across conditions.
Causal discovery of drivers of surface ozone variability in Antarctica using a deep learning algorithm
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Kuttippurath Jayanarayanan , Mitra Adway 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The discovery of causal structures behind a phenomenon under investigation has been at the heart of scientific inquiry since the beginning. Randomized control trials, the gold standard for causal analysis, may not always be feasible, such as in the domain of climate sciences. In the absence of interventional data, we are forced to depend only on observational data. This study demonstrates the application of one such causal discovery algorithm using a neural network for identifying the drivers of surface ozone variability in Antarctica. The analyses reveal the overarching influence of the stratosphere on the surface ozone variability in Antarctica, buttressed by the southern annular mode and tropospheric wave forcing in mid-latitudes. We find no significant and robust evidence for the influence of tropical teleconnection on the ground-level ozone in Antarctica. As the field of atmospheric science is now replete with a massive stock of observational data, both satellite and ground-based, this tool for automated causal structure discovery might prove to be invaluable for scientific investigation and flawless decision making.
Genetic Detection and Phylogenetic Relationship of Babesia Species Infecting Domestic Dogs from Select Regions in Kenya
Authors: Ngoka Ismail Thoya , Mbogo Kevin , Kyallo Martina , Obiero David , Pelle Roger 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Babesia genus has more than 100 species which are transmitted by ticks and infects humans, livestock and wildlife, some of which are zoonotic. New species continue being discovered which are poorly characterized. Locally, Babesia species occur in wildlife and livestock. Published literature on the species infecting dogs is limited.Local management practices enable close interaction between wildlife, livestock and humans. The societal role of dogs enable them serve as conduits for pathogens.Canine babesiosis causes a severe disease in dogs which can be fatal. Treatment required is lengthy and expensive. Current control methods rely on acaricide use. A vaccine against the disease is needed. Genetic characterization of local canine Babesia species would lay foundations for such development and assess any zoonotic potential.Molecular and bioinformatic methods i.e. DNA extraction (143 dogs sampled), PCR, sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used in the study.13 samples were positive for Babesia canis; prevalence 9.0%, 95% confidence interval, (0.0437 to 0.1381).From the 13 positive samples, 2 were identified as Babesia canis vogeli; prevalence 1.4%, 95% confidence interval, (0.0138 to 0.142).While 11 were identified as Babesia canis rossi; prevalence 7.69%, 95% confidence interval, (0.033 to 0.12).Babesia rossi and Babesia vogeli were 84.6% and 15.4% of cases respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the Kenyan B.rossi sequences to be closely related to B.rossi sequences from black-backed jackals. The B.vogeli sequences were closely related to a B.vogeli sequence obtained from a pet cat in China.Babesia rossi is known to cause the most severe form of canine babesiosis, 84.6% of the cases were positive for this parasite which requires immediate and aggressive medical intervention. The role of wildlife in the maintenance of the parasites especially B.rossi was noted, control measures would of necessity have to incorporate this component of the parasite lifecycle.
Praktik Arsitek dalam Pencarian Keseimbangan Baru
Authors: Winata Suwardana 
Published: August 2021

Title: Architect Practice in Search of Balance in New Norm

Epidemic Covid 19 enforce us to retrospect our everdayness living, including how architects do for living and for the architectural practice. These condition makes some re- adjustement in architectural program, in some level must renovate totally. The biggest problem in architect profession is the project coordination, because social distancing and large number of meeting member must reduced to minimal level. This condition pushs architects to review their working process in studio and on the projects field. Physical studio is no longer a good place to collaborate and must transform into the digital studio. Digital system become a bridge to connect between stakeholders and the architects. Digital tools and method becoming an extention tools for our eyes and sense. Digital methods and practices suddenly become a daily activities for every level in architecture firms, such as Big Data. The colabortive works in digital format become important, one of them is Building Information Modelling, works as collabortive tools in virtual digital studio. The coding and the scripting are the next language for architect must learn, beside the architecture itself. Within the epidemic, disruption of profession is not a discourse anymore, but a fact that must commenced. Creativity and colaborative is the survival tools in today harsh life .
The Language of Christian Ethics. A Definition of Ethical Notions as Illustrated by the Concept of Tadeusz Ślipko
Authors: Rozmarynowska Karolina 
Published: August 2021

The reflection that accompanies Christian ethics is concerned with its meaning and originality as seen against the background of various interpretations of morality. It usually includes questions about the characteristic subject matter of its inquiries, assumptions, methods, or inspirations. From the point of view of the considerations undertaken in this article, such reflection should also include the language employed by Christian ethics. In particular, this paper considers the following issues: (1) whether Christian ethics has its specific language; (2) whether it introduces new notions, or assigns specific meanings to notions already present in ethics; and (3) how ethical notions are defined in Christian ethics. These questions are addressed with reference to the philosophical system of Tadeusz Ślipko, one of the most outstanding Polish representatives of Christian ethics.
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Received: 11/02/2021. Reviewed: 23/03/2021. Accepted: 10/05/2021
Perspectives on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Government Dietary Guidelines: Content Analysis of Comments on News Websites
Authors: Hornsby B , Ensaff H 
Published: August 2021

Background
News websites are an essential source of medical news for the public. Many websites offer users the opportunity to leave comments, which may provide rich insights into public perspectives on health issues. With an established role in public health, fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption is central to the government’s dietary guidelines. However, FV intake continues to fall short of government recommendations.

Objective
Using comments from news websites, this study aims to explore public perspectives on FV intake and related government dietary guidelines.

Methods
Data comprised 2696 web user comments generated in response to substantial media coverage for a meta-analysis examining FV consumption and the risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and total cancer. Using an inductive thematic approach, the data were analyzed and coded in an iterative process.

Results
Four overarching themes emerged: personal factors, rejection, lack of knowledge, and food landscape, each with component subthemes. The lack of clarity around government dietary health guidelines was apparent, and this, along with emergent personal factors, may hinder better consumption. Rejection was also evident, as was a quality versus quantity of life debate.

Conclusions
There are gaps in the public’s understanding of government guidelines, which may act as a constraint to better compliance. Further work should examine this issue and rejection and the possibility of public fatigue related to dietary health information and news. Similarly, future work should also explore targeted interventions with a specific emphasis on health literacy.