bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzed relationship between risks and expected returns
Authors: Van Dinh Doan 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the relationship between risks and the expected return of financial investment because the relationship between them is negative; if the investors agree to the higher level of risk, they have the greater the expected return; therefore, investors always require a degree of proportionality between the risks and returns.Design/methodology/approachThis study applied the standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation methods and matrix function to measure risks. Besides, the dataset is a return on equity ROE, which is collected in three companies at time series from 2005 to 2020.FindingsWhen the variance or the standard deviation is higher, the return on the securities is higher, but the securities are a higher risk and vice versa. The results showed risk levels of stocks that are 2.509%, 0.367%, 3.666% and the corresponding return mean of 38.68%, 23.99% and 14.02%.Originality/valueThe results support the portfolio management policy appropriately. This study identifies issues for managers, investors and readers to consider: have a comprehensive solution among microcosmic policies, finance policy, investment policy and other policies to control and balance the relationship between risks and returns; have appropriate policies to regulate funds to stimulate investment in the long term.
Negotiating the transition from acute hospital care to home: perspectives of patients with traumatic brain injury, caregivers and healthcare providers
Authors: Oyesanya Tolu O. , Harris Walker Gabrielle , Loflin Callan , Prvu Bettger Janet 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThe purpose is to explore experiences transitioning home from acute hospital care from perspectives of younger traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, family caregivers and healthcare providers (HCPs).Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted 54 qualitative interviews (N = 36: 12 patients, 8 caregivers, 16 HCPs) and analyzed data using conventional content analysis.FindingsThe transition from hospital to home was described as a negotiation, finding a way through these obstacles: (1) preparing for discharge home during acute hospital care; (2) navigating transitions in healthcare and health; (3) addressing recovery concerns, and (4) setting goals to return to normal. Factors influencing the negotiation process included social support, health-related knowledge or training, coping mechanisms, financial stability, and home environment stability.Originality/valueYounger TBI patients and caregivers have unique needs during the transition home from the hospital. Needed support from HCPs was inconsistently provided. Findings are foundational for integrated care research and practice with TBI.
Reverse mentoring and job crafting as resources for health: a work engagement mediation model
Authors: Garg Neha , Murphy Wendy Marcinkus , Singh Pankaj 
Published: September 2021

PurposeThis paper examines whether employee-driven practices of reverse mentoring and job crafting lead to work engagement and, in turn, to higher levels of prospective mental and physical health.Design/methodology/approachIntegrating social exchange theory and the job demands and resources model as theoretical frameworks, survey data were collected from 369 Indian software developers to test the research model. Latent variable structural equation modeling was used to empirically test the hypothesized associations.FindingsThe findings reveal that both reverse mentoring and job crafting are significantly associated with work engagement. Work engagement fully mediated the negative relationship between 1) reverse mentoring and mental ill-health and 2) job crafting and physical ill-health, while it partially mediated the negative relationship between 1) reverse mentoring and physical ill-health and 2) job crafting and mental ill-health.Practical implicationsThe results demonstrate that by implementing the practices of reverse mentoring and job crafting, managers can achieve desired levels of engagement among employees and sustain organizational productivity by promoting employee health and well-being.Originality/valueThis study is one of the early attempts to empirically demonstrate the associated health outcomes of reverse mentoring and job crafting.
The role of subsidiary dual embeddedness and absorptive capacity in a transition economy
Authors: Rasouli Ghahroudi Mehdi , Chabok Seyed Hossein , Conroy Kieran M. 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
This study aims to focus on dual embeddedness as an important channel through which foreign subsidiaries access and share valuable and idiosyncratic knowledge within the multinational corporation (MNC). The authors examine the dual embeddedness challenges of foreign subsidiaries based in the context of Iran as a transitional market.

Design/methodology/approach
The final sample includes 144 active foreign subsidiaries in Iran from across a broad range of industries. A structured questionnaire was distributed to firms and structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the results.

Findings
The findings reveal how building external embeddedness in an environment with potentially poor access to valuable knowledge, and risk of knowledge leakage impacts the subsidiary’s ability to subsequently transfer this knowledge within the MNC. The authors identify the significance of absorptive capacity as a way for the subsidiary to access knowledge from and share knowledge with firms in the local market.

Originality/value
Departing from existing work on subsidiary embeddedness in developed markets, the authors reveal how competence creating subsidiaries manage dual embeddedness and knowledge transfer in transition economies that are low in knowledge stocks. The authors unpack how subsidiary absorptive capacity enables access to local knowledge in a transitional market and increases reverse knowledge transfer in the MNC. In doing so, the authors answer calls for work on the dynamic and complementary relationships that exists between subsidiary dual embeddedness, absorptive capacity and knowledge sourcing in less open markets. Focusing on Iran as a transitional economy, this study provides greater contextual nuance to the extant literature on subsidiary dual embeddedness.
Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management works—How switching from mobile to static fishing gear improves populations of fished and non‐fished species inside a marine‐protected area
Authors: Davies Bede F. R. , Holmes Luke , Rees Adam , Attrill Martin J. , Cartwright Amy Y. , Sheehan Emma V. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Designated using a Statutory Instrument in 2008, Lyme Bay marine‐protected area (MPA) is the UK's first and largest example of an ambitious, whole‐site approach to management, to recover and protect reef biodiversity. The whole‐site approach applies consistent management, in this case excluding bottom towed fishing, across the full 206 km2 extent of the MPA, thus protecting a mosaic of reef‐associated habitats from regular damage, while still allowing less destructive fishing methods, such as static gear, rod and line, and diving.

To assess the effectiveness of this management strategy for mobile taxa and the sustainability for those taxa that continue to be targeted, Exploited and Non‐Exploited species' populations were compared inside the MPA, relative to open control sites spanning 11 of the 12 years of designation. baited remote underwater video systems (BRUVs) were deployed annually to assess mobile benthic and demersal fauna.

Overall, the number of taxa significantly increased in the MPA relative to the open controls while total abundance increased in both treatments.

Exploited fish showed increases in number of taxa (430%) and total abundance (370%) inside the MPA over 11 years.

Likewise, but to a lesser degree in the open controls, number of taxa of commercially Exploited fish increased over time, potentially showing ‘spillover’ effects from the MPA.

Non‐Exploited fish did not show such changes. Regardless of constituting the majority of the fishery value, highly valuable Exploited invertebrates showed no significant changes over time.

Synthesis and applications. The Lyme Bay marine‐protected area shows importance of protecting a whole site, comprising mosaics of different benthic habitats, through protection of sessile organisms that contribute to essential fish habitats. This Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management can benefit and maintain sustainable fisheries and species of conservation importance.
Mutations in surface‐sensing receptor WspA lock the Wsp signal transduction system into a constitutively active state
Authors: Xu Anming , Wang Di , Wang Yunhao , Zhang Li , Xie Zhensheng , Cui Yifan , Bhamse Pramod , Yu Haiying , Zhang Xue‐Xian , Li Defeng , Ma Luyan Z. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryPseudomonas aeruginosa rugose small‐colony variants (RSCVs) are frequently isolated from chronic infections, yet, they are rarely reported in environmental isolates. Here, during the comparative genomic analysis of two P. aeruginosa strains isolated from crude oil, we discovered a spontaneous in‐frame deletion, wspAΔ280–307, which led to hyper‐biofilm and RSCV phenotypes. WspA is a homologue of methyl‐accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) that senses surfaces to regulate biofilm formation by stimulating cyclic‐di‐guanosine monophosphate (c‐di‐GMP) synthesis through the Wsp system. However, the methylation sites of WspA have never been identified. In this study, we identified E280 and E294 of WspA as methylation sites. The wspAΔ280–307 mutation enabled the Wsp system to lock into a constitutively active state that is independent of regulation by methylation. The result is an enhanced production of c‐di‐GMP. Sequence alignment revealed three conserved repeat sequences within the amino acid residues 280–313 (aa280–313) region of WspA homologues, suggesting that a spontaneous deletion within this DNA encoding region was likely a result of intragenic recombination and that similar mutations might occur in several related bacterial genera. Our results provide a plausible explanation for the selection of RSCVs and a mechanism to confer a competitive advantage for P. aeruginosa in a crude‐oil environment.
State‐like and state dislike in the anthropological margins★
Authors: Scheele Judith 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article argues for a return to the study of non‐state political institutions, and for the need to free them from their association with locally circumscribed, unmarked, or even ‘unthought’ practice. There are several reasons for this. On the one hand, there is a growing interest beyond anthropology in non‐state political arrangements, whether they are described negatively, as the result of ‘state failure’, or positively. On the other, a focus on the ‘non‐state’, historical and contemporary, opens up crucial perspectives on ‘the state’, and, through it, on questions of different regimes of historicity and region formation. In other words, it might provide insights into political anthropology as a study of shared thought and imagination, beyond ideal‐types of modern bureaucratic governance. This is what this article attempts to do, with special reference to North African and Saharan examples.
Patient administrative burden in the US health care system
Authors: Kyle Michael Anne , Frakt Austin B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of patient administrative tasks and whether they are associated with delayed and/or foregone care.Data SourceMarch 2019 Health Reform Monitoring Survey.Study DesignWe assess the prevalence of five common patient administrative tasks—scheduling, obtaining information, prior authorizations, resolving billing issues, and resolving premium problems—and associated administrative burden, defined as delayed and/or foregone care. Using multivariate logistic models, we examined the association of demographic characteristics with odds of doing tasks and experiencing burdens. Our outcome variables were five common types of administrative tasks as well as composite measures of any task, any delayed care, any foregone care, and any burden (combined delayed/foregone), respectively.Data CollectionWe developed and administered survey questions to a nationally representative sample of insured, nonelderly adults (n = 4155).Principal FindingsThe survey completion rate was 62%. Seventy‐three percent of respondents reported performing at least one administrative task in the past year. About one in three task‐doers, or 24.4% of respondents overall, reported delayed or foregone care due to an administrative task: Adjusted for demographics, disability status had the strongest association with administrative tasks (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.91, p < 0.001) and burden (adjusted OR 1.66, p < 0.001). Being a woman was associated with doing administrative tasks (adjusted OR 2.19, p < 0.001). Being a college graduate was associated with performing an administrative task (adjusted OR 2.79, p < 0.001), while higher income was associated with fewer subsequent burdens (adjusted OR 0.55, p < 0.01).ConclusionsPatients frequently do administrative tasks that can create burdens resulting in delayed/foregone care. The prevalence of delayed/foregone care due to administrative tasks is comparable to similar estimates of cost‐related barriers to care. Demographic disparities in burden warrant further attention. Enhancing measurement of patient administrative work and associated burdens may identify opportunities for assessing quality, value, and patient experience.
Role of transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 in behavioral thermoregulation of the Mongolian gerbil Meriones unguiculatus
Authors: WEN Jing , BO Tingbei , ZHAO Zhijun , WANG Dehua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAmbient temperature considerably affects the physiology and behavior of mammals. Thermosensory and thermoregulatory abilities play an important role in the response to changing ambient temperature in endotherms. However, the molecular mechanisms of behavioral thermoregulation remain poorly understood. Transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) is activated by changes in ambient temperature and is involved in acute thermoregulation. Here, we aimed to determine whether TRPV1 is involved in behavioral thermoregulation in wild rodents by conducting 2 experiments. In the first, 42 adult Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus; 14 per treatment) were randomly assigned to 3 housing temperatures (4, 23, and 36°C) for 4 weeks. In the second, 20 gerbils (10 per treatment) were randomly injected with capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist) or AMG517 (TRPV1 antagonist). The results showed a significant decrease in food intake and non‐shivering thermogenesis in the gerbils housed at 36°C. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the preference of gerbils housed at 4°C to low temperatures. The expression of TRPV1 protein in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver was significantly positively correlated with that of protein kinase A (PKA). The expression of TRPV1 and PKA proteins in the BAT was positively correlated with the temperature preference of the gerbils. The gerbils injected with capsaicin preferred significantly lower temperatures than the control group gerbils. These findings suggest that TRPV1 and PKA are involved in behavioral thermoregulation in Mongolian gerbils.
Maternal egg care enhances hatching success and offspring quality in an oviparous skink
Authors: LU Hongliang , WANG Jie , KANG Chunquan , DU Weiguo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMaternal egg‐caring behavior can often be observed in oviparous scincid lizards. The expression of such behavior is predictably affected by the trade‐off between its resultant costs and benefits for mothers and/or offspring, which has been investigated in only a few scincid species. Here, post‐ovipositional Plestiodon chinensis females were treated to care for their egg clutches without interference, under simulated predation pressure, or to be care‐deprived. Potential maternal costs and offspring benefits associated with egg‐caring behavior were then evaluated by measuring changes in maternal body condition, egg mortality, and hatchling performance. Egg‐caring behavior caused post‐ovipositional females to participate less in outside‐nest activity, eat less food, and show relatively poorer body conditions at egg hatching. By contrast, compared with care‐deprived females, egg‐caring females gained mass slightly faster, and achieved a similar body condition within a few months of hatching. Eggs that were cared for by their mothers were more likely to hatch and produced larger, faster‐running and better‐growing hatchlings with higher survival than uncared‐for eggs. Simulated exposure to a potential predator had no distinct impact on maternal egg‐caring behavior expression and offspring performance. These results indicated that marked benefits of offspring viability but minor maternal energy costs might play a decisive role in the occurrence of maternal egg‐caring behavior in P. chinensis.
Increased mitochondrial calcium uptake and concomitant mitochondrial activity by presenilin loss promotes mTORC1 signaling to drive neurodegeneration
Authors: Ryan Kerry C. , Ashkavand Zahra , Sarasija Shaarika , Laboy Jocelyn T. , Samarakoon Rohan , Norman Kenneth R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction and protein aggregation are common characteristics that occur in age‐related neurodegenerative disease. However, the mechanisms underlying these abnormalities remain poorly understood. We have found that mutations in the gene encoding presenilin in Caenorhabditis elegans, sel‐12, results in elevated mitochondrial activity that drives oxidative stress and neuronal dysfunction. Mutations in the human presenilin genes are the primary cause of familial Alzheimer's disease. Here, we demonstrate that loss of SEL‐12/presenilin results in the hyperactivation of the mTORC1 pathway. This hyperactivation is caused by elevated mitochondrial calcium influx and, likely, the associated increase in mitochondrial activity. Reducing mTORC1 activity improves proteostasis defects and neurodegenerative phenotypes associated with loss of SEL‐12 function. Consistent with high mTORC1 activity, we find that SEL‐12 loss reduces autophagosome formation, and this reduction is prevented by limiting mitochondrial calcium uptake. Moreover, the improvements of proteostasis and neuronal defects in sel‐12 mutants due to mTORC1 inhibition require the induction of autophagy. These results indicate that mTORC1 hyperactivation exacerbates the defects in proteostasis and neuronal function in sel‐12 mutants and demonstrate a critical role of presenilin in promoting neuronal health.
Follow friends to invest: evidence from the information role of weak ties
Authors: Geng Chunxiao , Xiao Tusheng , Yuan Chun , Zhang Yanan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the information role of weak ties in inter‐regional investments. We find that firms are more likely to engage in inter‐regional investments when firms in the same region but in different industries have previously invested in that area. The information effect of weak ties is more pronounced when firms’ exposure to weak ties is higher, investor cities are less developed, and investee cities are more opaque. And firms mainly acquire soft information through weak ties. Finally, the shared information through weak ties facilitates investments to be better matched in investor firm’s business style, and improves investment performance.
Lion reintroduction demonstrates that resident cheetah have a spatially reactive response to lion
Authors: Cornhill Kristina L. , Kelly Chris , Kerley Graham I. H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCompetition occurs between species for shared resources and the subordinate species can reduce this by avoiding competitors, either proactively or reactively. Cheetah are subordinate members of the African large carnivore guild, vulnerable to losing resources or being killed by larger carnivores. We directly investigate how cheetah space and habitat use are affected by the reintroduction of lion 9 years after cheetah reintroduction. We explored whether cheetah respond on the spatial scale proactively (contracting home range, low overlap and differences in habitat use), reactively (located further than expected at random from lions) or did not respond to lion presence at given monitoring points. We found that there was no difference in cheetah habitat use nor their home range/core area size. Moreover, cheetah home range/core areas overlapped extensively with that of lions. Revealingly, cheetah were located further than expected at random from lions. Our results support a reactive response by cheetah to lion presence. Using this unplanned experiment, we were able to grow our knowledge on the competition occurring between these two large carnivores, by determining that lions did not displace cheetah except on the fine scale. These results can also be of particular use for managers of reserves or metapopulations who are trying to conserve both species sympatrically.
Factors that influence workplace location choices in the different allied health professions: A systematic review
Authors: Couch Anna , Menz Hylton B. , Coker Freya , White Jenni , Haines Terry , Williams Cylie 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe maldistribution of health care workers between metropolitan, rural or remote areas is globally recognised. Allied health professional's workplace location choice is a complex interplay between professional and non‐professional elements. Policy‐makers should understand factors that influence workplace location choices when designing structures to attract allied health professionals to rural practice.ObjectiveTo determine factors influencing recruitment and retention of allied health professionals in metropolitan, rural and remote locations.DesignSystematic review.FindingsTwenty‐two studies met inclusion criteria. Extracted data were synthesised into subthemes: (a) opportunities for career development, (b) clinical load, (c) organisational and workplace structure, (d) previous location exposure and (e) personal factors. Of these 22 studies, 12 reported organisational/workplace structure and personal factors positively impacting recruitment and 11 studies discussed organisational and workplace structure also negatively impacting on retention. Career opportunities positively impacted on recruitment, while lack of opportunity negatively affected retention. Previous location exposure positively impacted recruitment however had limited impact on retention. Similarly, a diverse clinical load was reported as being attractive during recruitment, but unmanageable caseloads affected retention.DiscussionThis review identifies the need for effective and sustainable solutions for the issues with recruitment and retention of allied health professionals. While the different allied health professions share similar recruitment and retention challenges, further research is needed to isolate factors impacting each discipline.ConclusionsRetention and recruitment of different allied health professions is multifactorial. Organisational and workplace structure and opportunities for career development emerged as having impact on the recruitment of allied health professionals.