bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the Interceptors Effect on Ship Manoeuvrability Using the Open Free Running Test Method
Authors: Hafiz M A , Sulisetyono A , Baharuddin A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Interceptors are plates that are attached to the stern of the ship to produce lift that controls the trim angle of the ship. This paper describes the use of interceptors on the fast boat to enhance its ability to perform the turning manoeuvre. The ship model of High-speed crafts (HSCs) with a scale of 1: 26.9 is tested in an open pool with the open free running test method, namely the movement of the model is controlled from the edge of the pool with a remote control. The ship trajectory data is obtained by using the colour object tracking method, that is, the ship trajectory captured by the camera is processed based on colour filters. The main concern is the varying dimensions of the interceptor including 0% (no interceptor), 50% (half length), and 100% (full length) of the design cord length. The initial trim conditions are examined, such as even keel, trim by bow, and trim by stern with a trim angle of 2 degree. The test results show that the interceptor contributed to improve the manoeuvrability of the boat by decreasing the tactical diameter length respectively at half and full length of the cord by 8.8% and 17.9% in even keel, 6.3% and 15% in bow trim, and 12.9% and 14.8% in stern trim.
IUU fishing and transhipment identification with the miss of AIS data using Neural Networks
Authors: Masroeri A A , Aisjah Aulia Siti , Jamali Muhammad Mukhlis 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Exploitation of maritime natural resources in Indonesia is still widespread. Efforts to monitor illegal fishing and transshipment practices are still less than optimal due to the limited ability of monitoring instruments. The loss of automatic identification system (AIS) data has an impact on weakness in the ship’s motion monitoring system. The weakness of the system in the previous research, without regard to data losses so that in real identification of illegal fishing and transshipment, it becomes less accurate and valid. Losses data it means as missing of some the data in along ship trajectory. This research designs system integration with predictor to identify the occurrence of illegal fishing and transshipment in the presence of missing AIS data. Predictor are designed using recurrent neural networks (RNN) and system integration is designed using artificial neural networks (ANN). Predictor and system integration are simulated, tested and validated using data of real ship that committed illegal fishing and transshipment. Data achieved from the marinetraffic.com and NASDEC-ITS data centers. The validation results show results from the predictor can be used as input for system integration and system integration, and it has a high accuracy.
Performance of Rescue Boat Operation when Operated in Waves
Authors: Utama I K A P , Aliffrananda M H N , Sulisetyono A , Setyawan D , Suastika I K , Utama D , Aryawan W D , Hermawan Y A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Search and rescue operations, especially in ship accidents, require speed and reliability from the rescue vessels in facing the challenges of extreme weather and sea waves. A rescue boat hydrodynamic performance study is very important to do to determine the ship’s ability to withstand dangerous conditions while operating. Therefore, a rescue boat design is needed that is capable of high acceleration and can penetrate various extreme sea condition. Three rescue boat hull models have been developed to obtain the hull model with the best seakeeping performance. A numerical arrangement based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques is used to predict seakeeping behaviour from three rescue boat hull model in wave. Three-dimensional diffraction panel method uses as a CFD solver method to predict the seakeeping performance of rescue boat high-speed operation in wave. From the study results, it was found that the first rescue boat hull model had a good seakeeping performance compared to other hull models.
Trip Planning Support Ship Mockup Design: A Case Study of Pioneer Ship Services in the Maluku Islands
Authors: Nugroho S , Makatita M G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The process of mobilizing passengers and goods on more than five hundred islands in Maluku Province uses pioneer shipping where the route is regulated by the government to serve areas that are not reached by modern commercial ships, including: outermost, remote, border, and disadvantaged areas. The condition in which one port serves ten islands makes the impact of information availability very large, it was known in previous research by Kelwulan, 2019 [5]. Explain that the impact of information uncertainty causes additional costs that are 2-3 times the cost of transportation itself. This research was conducted to analyze and design support for the planning of pioneering ships. ITS Architecture or also known as Telematics Architecture is an intelligent transportation system where one of its basic objectives is information management by utilizing information and communication technology as a tool for making transportation systems that can manage data from pioneering shipping.
Revising The Scarlet Letter: Race and Motherhood in In the Blood and Little Fires Everywhere
Authors: Williams Susan S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter has generated numerous adaptations. Its depiction of race has made it a problematic ‘master text’, however, especially since it was published in the same year as the US Fugitive Slave Act. This essay examines three recent adaptations across a variety of media that focus on the relationship between race and motherhood, revealing the ways in which Hester Prynne can be integrated into society as a single mother in ways that non-white mothers cannot. Suzan-Lori Parks’ 1998 play In the Blood stages ‘Hester, La Negrita’ as a homeless mother of five who cannot escape the ‘hand of fate’ of racial oppression. Celeste Ng’s 2017 novel Little Fires Everywhere reinvents Hester as a surrogate mother whose efforts on behalf of a birth mother in a trans-racial adoption dispute highlight how race differentially impacts maternal rights. The 2020 Hulu television adaptation of Ng’s novel casts the Hester and Pearl figures, along with an artist named Hawthorne, as black women whose activism forces the Richardson family to acknowledge their white privilege. Together, these adaptations examine how the ‘monstrous birth’ of slavery that Hawthorne only belatedly acknowledged has had a lingering afterlife in constructions of race and motherhood.
L-amino acid oxidase 1 in sperm is associated with reproductive performance in male mice and bulls
Authors: Zhang Haolin , Liu Hong , Kataoka Sachi , Kinukawa Masashi , Uchiyama Kyoko , Kambe Jun , Watanabe Gen , Jin Wanzhu , Nagaoka Kentaro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSperm quality is an important indicator of male fertility, and a suitable biomarker enables the selection of high-quality spermatozoa. We previously found that L-amino acid oxidase encoded by the L-amino acid oxidase 1 (Lao1) gene exerts biological roles in the mammary gland and brain by converting specific L-amino acids into keto acids, ammonia, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Here, we describe the role of Lao1 in male reproduction. Lao1-deficient (Lao1−/−) male mice generated fewer pregnant embryos and pups as well as lower ratios of fertilized oocytes and even ovulated number was not different, suggesting that male subfertility caused the smaller litters. We found that LAO1 expressed in acrosomes is associated with high malformation ratios and low viability of Lao1−/− sperm. Wild-type (WT) sperm produced more H2O2 than Lao1−/− sperm, and 10 μM H2O2 restored knockout (KO) sperm viability in vitro. In addition, the sperm ratio of induced acrosome reaction was higher in WT than in Lao1−/− sperm incubated with the calcium ionophore A23187. Moreover, LAO1 expression was abundant in bovine sperm with high fertilization ratios. We concluded that LAO1 localized in the sperm acrosome influences sperm viability and morphology as well as the acrosome reaction, and that LAO1-deficient sperm might cause male subfertility. Thus, LAO1 might serve as a novel marker for selecting high-quality spermatozoa, especially for livestock reproduction.
Progress Report: Next-Generation Sequencing, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, and Broad-Range Molecular Assays as Diagnostic Tools for Fever of Unknown Origin Investigations in Adults
Authors: Wright William F , Simner Patricia J , Carroll Karen C , Auwaerter Paul G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Even well into the 21st century, infectious diseases still account for most causes of fever of unknown origin (FUO). Advances in molecular technologies, including broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene followed by Sanger sequencing, multiplex PCR assays, and more recently, next-generation sequencing applications, have transitioned from research methods to more commonplace in some clinical microbiology laboratories. They have the potential to supplant traditional microbial identification methods and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Despite the remaining challenges with these technologies, publications in the past decade justify excitement about the potential to transform FUO investigations. We discuss available evidence using these molecular methods for FUO evaluations, including potential cost-benefits and future directions.
Gender Differences in Negotiation: Evidence from Real Estate Transactions
Authors: Andersen Steffen , Marx Julie , Nielsen Kasper Meisner , Vesterlund Lise 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNegotiations over real estate show that men secure better prices than women. However, gender differences decrease when improving controls for the property's value, and is eliminated when controlling for unobserved heterogeneity in a repeated-sales sample. Rather than evidence of differences in negotiation, price differences result from men and women demanding different properties. Consistently, we find no gender difference in sales prices secured for inherited property. Provided appropriate controls, men and women fare equally well when negotiating over real estate. Our study demonstrates that inference on gender differences in negotiation relies critically on controlling for the value of the negotiated item.
Evidence for radial anisotropy in the lower crust of the Apennines from Bayesian ambient noise tomography in Europe
Authors: Alder C , Debayle E , Bodin T , Paul A , Stehly L , Pedersen H ,   the AlpArray Working Group
Published: February 2021

SUMMARYProbing seismic anisotropy of the lithosphere provides valuable clues on the fabric of rocks. We present a 3-D probabilistic model of shear wave velocity and radial anisotropy of the crust and uppermost mantle of Europe, focusing on the mountain belts of the Alps and Apennines. The model is built from Love and Rayleigh dispersion curves in the period range 5–149 s. Data are extracted from seismic ambient noise recorded at 1521 broad-band stations, including the AlpArray network. The dispersion curves are first combined in a linearized least squares inversion to obtain 2-D maps of group velocity at each period. Love and Rayleigh maps are then jointly inverted at depth for shear wave velocity and radial anisotropy using a Bayesian Monte Carlo scheme that accounts for the trade-off between radial anisotropy and horizontal layering. The isotropic part of our model is consistent with previous studies. However, our anisotropy maps differ from previous large scale studies that suggested the presence of significant radial anisotropy everywhere in the European crust and shallow upper mantle. We observe instead that radial anisotropy is mostly localized beneath the Apennines while most of the remaining European crust and shallow upper mantle is isotropic. We attribute this difference to trade-offs between radial anisotropy and thin (hectometric) layering in previous studies based on least-squares inversions and long period data (&gt;30 s). In contrast, our approach involves a massive data set of short period measurements and a Bayesian inversion that accounts for thin layering. The positive radial anisotropy (VSH &gt; VSV) observed in the lower crust of the Apennines cannot result from thin layering. We rather attribute it to ductile horizontal flow in response to the recent and present-day extension in the region.
Low-latitude reduction-to-the-pole and upward continuation between arbitrary surfaces based on the partial differential equation framework
Authors: Zuo Boxin , Hu Xiangyun , Leão-Santos Marcelo , Cai Yi , Kass Mason Andy , Wang Lizhe , Liu Shuang 
Published: February 2021

SUMMARY
Magnetic surveys conducted in complex conditions, such as low magnetic latitudes, uneven observation surfaces, or above high-susceptibility sources, pose significant challenges for obtaining stable solutions for reduction-to-the-pole (RTP) and upward-continuation processing on arbitrary surfaces. To tackle these challenges, in this study, we propose constructing an equivalent-susceptibility model based on the partial differential equation (PDE) framework in the space domain. A multilayer equivalent-susceptibility method was used for RTP and upward-continuation operations, thus allowing for application on undulating observation surfaces and strong self-demagnetization effect in a non-uniform mesh. A novel positivity constraint is introduced to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the inversion. We analysed the effect of the depth-weighting function in the inversion of equivalent susceptibility for RTP and upward-continuation reproduction. Iterative and direct solvers were utilized and compared in solving the large, sparse, non-symmetric and ill-conditioned system of linear equations produced by PDE-based equivalent-source construction. Two synthetic models were used to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method in processing both ground and airborne magnetic data. Aeromagnetic and ground data collected in Brazil at a low magnetic latitude region were used to validate the proposed method for processing RTP and upward-continuation operations on magnetic data sets with strong self-demagnetization.
Rare and interesting case of solitary peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysm
Authors: Narayana Madhusudana , Basavaraj Nagesh , Nagaraju Smitha , Venkataramanappa Jagmohan Sugnyanasagar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report a rare case of solitary peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysm in a patient who was evaluated for haemoptysis. Incidentally, his total antibodies were positive for Coronavirus 2019 infection. Patient underwent right lower lobectomy uneventfully. Peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysms arising from segmental or intrapulmonary branches are extremely rare. Untreated, the majority end fatally due to sudden rupture and exsanguination. The purpose of this article is to report our rare case and review the pertinent literature.
Antiviral activity and mechanism of ESC-1GN from skin secretion of Hylarana guentheri against influenza A virus
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhang Bei , Huang Yingna , Liu Teng , Zeng Baishuang , Chai Jinwei , Wu Jiena , Xu Xueqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Development of new and effective antiinfluenza drugs is critical for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A virus (IAV) infection. A wide range of amphibian skin secretions have been identified to show antiviral activity. Our previously reported ESC-1GN, a peptide from the skin secretion of Hylarana guentheri, displayed good antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effects. Here, we found that ESC-1GN possessed significant antiviral effects against IAVs. Moreover, ESC-1GN could inhibit the entry of divergent H5N1 and H1N1 virus strains with the IC50 values from 1.29 to 4.59 μM. Mechanism studies demonstrated that ESC-1GN disrupted membrane fusion activity of IAVs by interaction with HA2 subunit. The results of site-directed mutant assay and molecular docking revealed that E105, N50 and the residues around them on HA2 subunit could form hydrogen bonds with amino acid on ESC-1GN, which were critical for ESC-1GN binding to HA2 and inhibiting the entry of IAVs. Altogether, these not only suggest that ESC-1GN maybe represent a new type of excellent template designing drugs against IAVs, but also it may shed light on the immune mechanism and survival strategy of H.guentheri against viral pathogens.
Environmental toxicants, oxidative stress and health adversities: interventions of phytochemicals
Authors: Dwivedi Shiwangi , Kushalan Sharanya , Paithankar Jagdish Gopal , D’Souza Leonard Clinton , Hegde Smitha , Sharma Anurag 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Oxidative stress is the most common factor mediating environmental chemical-induced health adversities. Recently, an exponential rise in the use of phytochemicals as an alternative therapeutics against oxidative stress-mediated diseases has been documented. Due to their free radical quenching property, plant-derived natural products have gained substantial attention as a therapeutic agent in environmental toxicology. The present review aimed to describe the therapeutic role of phytochemicals in mitigating environmental toxicant-mediated sub-cellular and organ toxicities via controlling cellular antioxidant response.

Methods
The present review has covered the recently related studies, mainly focussing on the free radical scavenging role of phytochemicals in environmental toxicology.

Key findings
In vitro and in vivo studies have reported that supplementation of antioxidant-rich compounds can ameliorate the toxicant-induced oxidative stress, thereby improving the health conditions. Improving the cellular antioxidant pool has been considered as a mode of action of phytochemicals. However, the other cellular targets of phytochemicals remain uncertain.

Conclusions
Knowing the therapeutic value of phytochemicals to mitigate the chemical-induced toxicity is an initial stage; mechanistic understanding needs to decipher for development as therapeutics. Moreover, examining the efficacy of phytochemicals against mixer toxicity and identifying the bioactive molecule are major challenges in the field.
Seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable and non-vaccine-preventable infections in migrants in Spain
Authors: Norman Francesca F , Comeche Belén , Martínez-Lacalzada Miguel , Pérez-Molina José-Antonio , Gullón Beatriz , Monge-Maillo Begoña , Chamorro Sandra , López-Vélez Rogelio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
Updated seroprevalence studies of infections in migrants may aid the design of tailored vaccination and prevention programmes. The objective of this study was to describe the seroprevalence rates for potentially transmissible viral infections in migrants attended at a referral centre in a major European city.

Methods
Descriptive analysis of seroprevalence of vaccine-preventable and non-vaccine-preventable infections in migrants attended at a centre in Madrid, Spain (2018–19). Recorded variables included age, gender, country of birth/continent of origin, time from arrival to Spain until first clinic visit, rubella, measles, mumps, varicella (VZV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV serology.

Results
In total, 468 patients were included, 135 females (28.8%) and 333 males (71.2%), mean age 30.4 years. The majority of patients were from Africa (52.5%, of which 88.2% from sub-Saharan Africa), followed by Latin America (38.5%) and other areas (9%). Seroprevalence for tested migrants for rubella, measles and mumps was &lt; 95% in the group overall (91% rubella, 88% measles, 83% mumps) and lower rates were observed in migrants &gt;20 years (compared with those ≤ 20 years). Over 10% of females were potentially susceptible (negative/indeterminate serology) to rubella (11.4%), measles (12.7%) or mumps (10.3%). Lowest rates of rubella seropositivity were in Latin American migrants (over 12% potentially susceptible); measles and mumps seropositivity was lowest in migrants from areas other than Africa/Latin America (74% and 68%, respectively). Seroprevalence rates were 91% for VZV, 90% overall for HAV, ~6% for HBV chronic infection (~50% of migrants tested susceptible), 2% for HCV and 6% for HIV.

Conclusions
Differences in seroprevalence for vaccine-preventable and transmissible infections according to gender, age range and area of origin were observed. Tailored screening, vaccination and prevention strategies in potentially vulnerable migrant groups should be designed.
Mythimna separata herbivory primes maize resistance in systemic leaves
Authors: Malook Saif ul , Xu Yuxing , Qi Jinfeng , Li Jing , Wang Lei , Wu Jianqiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Biotic and abiotic cues can trigger priming in plants, which enables plants to respond to subsequent challenge with stronger and/or faster responses. It is well known that herbivory activates defense-related responses in systemic leaves. However, little is known about whether insect feeding activates priming in systemic leaves. To determine whether and how herbivory induces priming in maize systemic leaves, a combination of insect bioassays, phytohormone and defense metabolite quantification, and genetic and transcriptome analyses were performed. Actual and simulated Mythimna separata herbivory in maize local leaves primed the systemic leaves for enhanced accumulation of jasmonic acid and benzoxazinoids and increased resistance to M. separata. Activation of priming in maize systemic leaves depends on both the duration of simulated herbivory and perception of M. separata oral secretions in the local leaves, and genetic analysis indicated that jasmonic acid and benzoxazinoids mediate the primed defenses in systemic leaves. Consistently, in response to simulated herbivory, the primed systemic leaves exhibited a large number of genes that were uniquely regulated or showed further up- or down-regulation compared with the non-primed systemic leaves. This study provides new insight into the regulation and ecological function of priming in maize.
Hunting for intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters: an astrometric study of NGC 6441
Authors: Häberle Maximilian , Libralato Mattia , Bellini Andrea , Watkins Laura L , Pott Jörg-Uwe , Neumayer Nadine , van der Marel Roeland P , Piotto Giampaolo , Nardiello Domenico 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
We present an astrometric study of the proper motions (PMs) in the core of the globular cluster NGC 6441. The core of this cluster has a high density and observations with current instrumentation are very challenging. We combine ground-based, high-angular-resolution NACO@VLT images with Hubble Space Telescope ACS/HRC data and measure PMs with a temporal baseline of 15 yr for about 1400 stars in the centremost 15 arcsec of the cluster. We reach a PM precision of ∼30 µas yr−1 for bright, well-measured stars. Our results for the velocity dispersion are in good agreement with other studies and extend already existing analyses of the stellar kinematics of NGC 6441 to its centremost region never probed before. In the innermost arcsecond of the cluster, we measure a velocity dispersion of (19.1 ± 2.0) km s−1 for evolved stars. Because of its high mass, NGC 6441 is a promising candidate for harbouring an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH). We combine our measurements with additional data from the literature and compute dynamical models of the cluster. We find an upper limit of $M_{\rm IMBH} \lt 1.32 \times 10^4\, \textrm{M}_\odot$ but we can neither confirm nor rule out its presence. We also refine the dynamical distance of the cluster to $12.74^{+0.16}_{-0.15}$ kpc. Although the hunt for an IMBH in NGC 6441 is not yet concluded, our results show how future observations with extremely large telescopes will benefit from the long temporal baseline offered by existing high-angular-resolution data.