bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Titanium Mesh Cage Subsidence in Single-level Anterior Cervical Corpectomy and Fusion for Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Tang Yifan , Li Fengning , Geng Xiangwu , Jia Lianshun , Zhou Shengyuan , Chen Xiongsheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: To analyze risk factors of titanium mesh cage (TMC) subsidence in single-level anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Methods: Patients with cervical OPLL who were treated with single-level ACCF between January 2019 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed in two groups: patients with TMC subsidence as Group S, and patients with no TMC subsidence as Group N during the one-year follow-up period. The degree of distraction between decompression of the vertebral bodies and correction of the cervical curvature was measured to analyze their relationship with TMC subsidence. Results: There was no significant difference in patient demographics and complications between the two groups. The degree of distraction in Group S was significantly higher than that in Group N. The change of C2 to C7 Cobb angle (α) in Group S was significantly greater than that in Group N, and the interspinous process distance (SPD) in Group S was also significantly greater than that in Group N. The JOA score and JOA recovery rate were not statistically different between the two groups.Conclusions: Intraoperative selection of overlength TMC in single-level ACCF for OPLL, over-distraction, and excessive correction of the cervical curvature may cause TMC subsidence after surgery. No significant impact of TMC subsidence on the surgical outcome was observed during the 1-year follow-up period.
Circular RNA CDR1as Promotes Gastric Cancer Growth via miR-299-3p/TGIF1 Axis
Authors: Li Rong , Jiang Jiajia , Wang Junyi , Hou Jie , Wang Dongli , Qian Hui , Zhang Xu , Xu Wenrong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy worldwide. Circular RNA CDR1as has been reported as a crucial regulator in human diseases including cancer. However, its biological roles, mechanisms and clinical values in GC remain largely unknown. Methods and Results CDR1as levels were surveyed in paired GC and adjacent normal tissues, paired blood samples from GC patients and healthy controls by RT-qPCR. Its clinical values were evaluated by ROC analysis, survival analysis and correlations with clinic pathological features. Cell transfection was performed to manipulate gene expression. In vitro CCK8 and colony formation assays and in vivo xenograft mouse model were employed to determine CDR1as effects on GC growth. CDR1as-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and further verified by RIP, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays, RT-qPCR, western blot and functional rescue experiments. Our results showed that CDR1as level was significantly downregulated in GC tissues and correlated with nerve invasion and poor prognosis. GC patients presented higher plasma CDR1as level than healthy controls. Functionally, knockdown of CDR1as inhibited GC cell proliferation and viability while its overexpression promoted GC growth in vitro and in vivo. The proliferation-related proteins PCNA and Cyclin D1 and apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were regulated. Mechanistically, CDR1as acted as a miR-299-3p sponge to relieve its suppressive effects and upregulate TGIF1 expression to promote GC growth.Conclusions CDR1as may be considered as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for GC. CDR1as/miR-299-3p/TGIF1 axis promotes GC growth in vitro and in vivo.
Factors Influencing Caregivers’ Health Seeking Behavior for Malaria Treatment of Children Under 5 Years in Busia Municipality, Uganda
Authors: Odimbe David Bwire , Atuhairwe Christine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Malaria remains a serious cause of under-five mortality and morbidity worldwide and Uganda inclusive. This burden can be minimized by promptly seeking health care. In Uganda, however, studies around malaria health-seeking behaviors for under-five children in the most malaria prevalent areas are very few. This study aimed at determining the factors influencing caregivers’ health-seeking behavior for malaria treatment of children under five years in Busia Municipality, Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used with a structured questionnaire to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22 to establish relationships between the variables. Results: The results showed that the current health-seeking behaviors of the caregivers of under-five children in Busia municipality are associated with caregiver education level (p= 0.008), the health worker’s behavior towards the client (p=0.015), the severity of fever (p<0.001), the severity of last malaria episode (p<0.001), waiting time (p=0.001), the quality of health services (p= 0.001) and age of caregiver (p<0.001). Traditional medicine and home remedies are the most utilized means of malaria management in under-five children in Busia Municipality. Conclusions: Caregivers need to be sensitized about the proper health-seeking behaviors for the management of malaria in children under-five years through radio shows, television, community engagement meetings among others to enhance the knowledge and understanding of communities about the recommended malaria treatment-seeking practices. There is a need to continuously train medical workers on client engagement skills to promote a good relationship with patients and encourage their return.
Community, conflict and conservation: response of mammalian fauna to ecological and anthropological correlates ‒ a critical habitat in Indo-Bhutan transboundary landscape urges multiagency cooperation
Authors: Nath Anukul , Lahkar Bibhuti P , Brahma Namita , Sarmah Pranjit , Das Arup Kr , Das Subhashish , Basumatary Thunu , Islary Rajual , Swargiary Anindya 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The impacts of conflict on nature are devastatingly adverse but differ widely in different socio-political regimes. Armed conflict often facilitates illegal plunder and unsustainable use of natural resources, variously by rebel groups and impoverished or displaced people challenged with limited subsistence options. We studied the response of mammals in Ripu Reserve Forest (Assam) that suffers prolonged anthropogenic pressure due to armed conflict instigated by social unrest. We used standard single-season (spatial-dependence) occupancy models using sign survey to assess the factors affecting the space use of mammals and subsequently build capacity of conservation volunteers for long-term sustenance of Ripu. Our study revealed that Ripu has a high proportion of occupied area by prey species of large carnivores. Asian elephant, barking deer, and wild pig occupied most of the habitat, whereas gaur, sambar and spotted deer restricted themselves to selected patches within the Ripu. Common leopards found to be positively associated with prey occupancy. The studied mammals responded variably to different ecological and anthropological covariates and urge for species-specific management alongside landscape scale conservation approach. Our ground effort to strengthen community patrolling and operational execution of various alternative livelihood has helped to empower the economic condition of patrolling staff. Strategic implementation of law enforcement could support dispersal of tigers from Phibsoo WLS (Bhutan), potentially linked with the larger tiger and elephant landscape far west (Buxa Tiger Reserve) in the Terai region of India. Community-based conservation initiatives required continuous support from various agencies, including national, international, and local bodies, to restore this critical habitat.
Mapping the planet’s critical natural assets for people
Authors: Chaplin-Kramer Rebecca , Neugarten Rachel , Sharp Richard , Collins Pamela , Polasky Stephen , Hole David , Schuster Richard , Strimas-Mackey Matt , Mulligan Mark , Brandon Carter , Diaz Sandra , Fluet-Chouinard Etienne , Gorenflo Larry , Johnson Justin , Keys Patrick , Longley-Wood Kate , McIntyre Peter , Noon Monica , Pascual Unai , Liermann Cathrine Reidy , Roehrdanz Patrick , Schmidt-Traub Guido , Shaw Rebecca , Spalding Mark , Turner Will , Soesbergen Arnout van , Watson Reg 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sustaining the organisms, ecosystems, and processes that underpin human well-being is necessary to achieve sustainable development. Here we analyze 14 of nature’s contributions to people (NCP) for food, water, and climate security. Using spatial optimization, we identify critical natural assets, the most important ecosystems for providing NCP, comprising 30% (for local benefits) to 44% (for local and global benefits) of total global land area and 24% of national territorial waters. Many of these NCP are left out of international agreements focused on conserving species or mitigating climate change, yet our analysis shows that explicitly prioritizing critical natural assets jointly advances development, climate, and conservation goals. Crafting policy and investment strategies that protect critical natural assets is essential for sustaining human well-being and securing Earth’s life support systems.
Association between SNCA Intron and genetic predisposition to sporadic Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis based on 49576 individuals
Authors: Li Peng , Fu Zuqiang , Yan Lei , Du Ming-yang , Wei-guoLiu  
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background

The aetiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is indistinct, but previous studies of different ethnicities have shown that genetic variations in synuclein alpha (SNCA) have an essential character in the risk of PD. The relation between SNCA intronic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of PD is unclear. Based on the general population and five ethnic groups, this article managed a meta-analysis about the connection of SNCA intronic SNPs with the PD genetic predisposition.
Methods

This study was implemented according to the 24-step guideline, with strict criteria. The analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. Five genetic models were used to analyze the strength of the association, which was quantified by OR value and 95% CI.
Results

We included 15433 cases and 34143 controls from 31 articles. 6 SNPs in the intron region were screened, and 5 SNPs were statistically significant. Three variants augmented the PD susceptibility (rs2736990, rs3822086, and rs3857059), and two SNPs decreased the risk (rs356186 and rs7684318). Subgroup analysis showed that rs2736990 and rs3822086 carriers added the PD genetic predisposition in the East Asian group. European and Latin group carrying rs3857059 and rs2736990 is the high-risk populations of PD.
Conclusions

This study finally found 5 SNCA intronic SNPs related to the risk of PD. And racial factors should not be ignored.
Legendre-Galerkin Method, Dynamical System, and Optimal Control for Solving Covid-19 Model
Authors: Mahdy A. , lotfy khaled 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The advancement of numerical demonstrating of irresistible illnesses is a key examination territory in different fields including the nature and the study of disease transmission. One point of these models is to comprehend the elements of conduct in irresistible infections. For the new strain of Covid (Coronavirus), there is no immunization to secure individuals and to forestall its spread up until now. All things being equal, control procedures related to medical services, for example, social separating, isolation, travel limitations, can be adjusted to control the pandemic of Coronavirus. This article reveals insights into the dynamical practices of nonlinear Coronavirus models dependent on strategy: the Legendre-Galerkin strategy. We summon a novel sign stream chart that is utilized to depict the Coronavirus model. Based on the Legendre-Galerkin method, the covid-19 model. Mathematica, as one of the world's leading computational software, was employed for the implementation of solutions. The proposed numerical techniques provide are excellent. Through our numerical investigations, it is uncovered that social removing between possibly tainted people who are conveying the infection and solid people can diminish or intrude on the spread of the infection. The mathematical reenactment results are insensible concurrence with the investigation forecasts. The free balance and dependability focus for the Coronavirus model is researched. Likewise, the presence of a consistently steady arrangement is demonstrate.
Assessment of the economic security in the Bryansk region based on an analysis of the region's socio-economic development indicators
Authors: Савинова Е.А. 
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена оценке показателей, характеризующих уровень социально-экономического развития Брянской области в динамике за 5 лет. На основе анализа ключевых показателей социально-экономического развития региона рассчитаны индикаторы экономической безопасности за период с 2016 по 2020 гг. Проведено сопоставление индикаторов с пороговыми значениями, определены угрозы региональной экономической безопасности. Предложен ряд мероприятий в производственной и социальной сферах, направленных на укрепление уровня региональной экономической безопасности Брянщины.
The article reveals issues related to the assessment of the level of socio-economic development of the Bryansk region over 5 years. The author analyzed the main indicators of the region's economy from 2016 to 2020 and calculated the key indicators of economic security, combined into blocks. A number of measures in the industrial and social spheres aimed at strengthening the level of regional economic security of The Bryansk region have been proposed.
Uncertain time series forecasting method for the water demand prediction in Beijing
Authors: Li Haiyan , Wang Xiaosheng , Guo Haiying 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Water demand prediction is crucial for effective planning and management of water supply systems to handle the problem of water scarcity. Taking into account the uncertainties and imprecisions within the framework of water demand forecasting, the uncertain time series prediction method is introduced for water demand prediction. Uncertain time series is a sequence of imprecisely observed values that are characterized by uncertain variables and the corresponding uncertain autoregressive model (UAR) is employed to describe it for predicting future values. The main contributions of this paper are shown as follows. Firstly, by defining the auto-similarity of uncertain time series, the identification algorithm of UAR model order is proposed. Secondly, a new parameter estimation method based on the uncertain programming is developed. Thirdly, the imprecisely observed values are assumed as the linear uncertain variables and a ratio-based method is presented for constructing the uncertain time series. Finally, the proposed methodologies are applied to model and forecast Beijing's water demand under different confidence levels and compared with the traditional time series, i.e. ARIMA method. The experimental results are evaluated on the basis of performance criteria, which shows that the proposed method outperforms over the ARIMA method for water demand prediction.
Expansão da fronteira agrícola sobre o Cerrado: o mapeamento do uso da terra no município de Diamantina - MT.
Authors: Avelino Edcassio Nivaldo 
Published: November 2021

A expansão da fronteira agrícola no Centro-Oeste brasileiro deu-se por meio da transformação das áreas ocupadas pelo bioma Cerrado em terras de cultivos agrícolas ligados ao agronegócio. Este artigo tem o objetivo de elaborar o mapeamento do uso da terra, no contexto do município de Diamantino, estado de Mato Grosso. A pesquisa fundamentou-se nas concepções teóricas de Natureza (PORTO-GONÇALVES, 2006); Geografia Socioambiental (Mendonça, 2001); Sensoriamento Remoto (NOVO, 2008); e Sensoriamento Remoto da Vegetação (PONZONI, 2012), buscando aplicar a técnica de classificação supervisionada, método MAXVER sobre as cenas da imagem do satélite Landsat 8, sensor OLI, órbita 227, ponto 70, de 17/09/2016. Os resultados mostraram que as lavouras com cultivo mecanizado ocupam 60,5% da área estudada enquanto o Cerrado florestal e savânico distribuem-se por 39,4%. Os resultados podem contribuir para a gestão territorial.
Potential Papain-like Protease Inhibitors Against COVID-19: A Comprehensive
In Silico Based Review
Authors: Agrawal Neetu , Pathak Shilpi , Goyal Ahsas 
Published: November 2021

:
The entire world has been in a battle against the COVID-19 pandemic since its first appearance
in December 2019. Thus researchers are desperately working to find an effective and safe
therapeutic agent for its treatment. The multifunctional coronavirus enzyme papain-like protease
(PLpro) is a potential target for drug discovery to combat the ongoing pandemic responsible for
cleavage of the polypeptide, deISGylation, and suppression of host immune response. The present
review collates the in silico studies performed on various FDA-approved drugs, chemical compounds,
and phytochemicals from various drug databases and represents the compounds possessing
the potential to inhibit PLpro. Thus this review can provide quick access to a potential candidate to
medicinal chemists to perform in vitro and in vivo experiments who are thriving to find the effective
agents for the treatment of COVID-19.
Influence of CYP2C9 Polymorphisms on Plasma Concentration of Warfarin and
7-Hydroxy Warfarin in South Indian Patients
Authors: Kumar Dhakchinamoorthi Krishna , Uppugunduri Chakradhara Rao Satyanarayana , Shewade Deepak Gopal , Chandran B.V. Sai , Adithan Chandrasekaran 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Warfarin is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) enzyme,
which is encoded by the CYP2C9 gene. CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 variants significantly influence warfarin
metabolism and subsequently the required dose of warfarin.

Objective:
The current retrospective study was aimed to determine the influence of CYP2C9 variants on
warfarin metabolic ratio (MR, warfarin/7-hydroxy warfarin) and warfarin maintenance therapy in 210 patients
(mean age 44.6±11.6 (SD) years; male to female ratio 81:129).

Method:
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detector was used to measure plasma
concentrations of warfarin and 7-hydroxy warfarin. Plasma samples were collected 12 h after the previous dose
of warfarin was administered. CYP2C9 variants (rs1799853 and rs1057910) were identified using real-time
polymerase chain reaction allele-discrimination method.

Results:
The mean daily maintenance dose of warfarin was 4.6±1.8 (SD) mg. The mean plasma warfarin and
7-hydroxy warfarin concentrations were 3.7±1.6 (SD) μg/mL and 1.1±0.54 (SD) μg/mL, respectively. Patients
carrying other CYP2C9 variants required 39% lower warfarin maintenance dose (3.3±1.2 mg) than
CYP2C9*1*1 carrier (4.9±1.8 mg), (p<0.0001). MRs differed significantly between CYP2C9 variant carriers
(8.1±5.1) and normal genotype carriers (4.8±3.9) (p<0.0001). Probit analysis identified an MR value of 7.6 as
the anti-mode (sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 55%) to differentiate poor and intermediate metabolizers
(carriers of any *CYP2C9*2 or CYP2C9*3 variants) from normal metabolizers (CYP2C9*1*1 genotype).

Conclusion :
The present study results provide, insights on the effect of CYP2C9 genetic polymorphisms on
inter-individual variability in warfarin metabolism and emphasizes utility of phenotyping in a setting of
genotype-guided dosing of warfarin in South Indian population.
Electron Microscopic and Pathological Changes in Lung Cancer after
Intratumoral Injection of Sodium Bicarbonate
Authors: Rahman Manar A.A. , Arram Eman O. , Elhadidy Tamer , Hassan Mahmoud A.E. , Habashy Hany O. , El Badrawy Mohammad K. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Lung cancer can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy,
targeted therapy, and palliative care. Palliative therapy is applied for inoperable lung cancer as it induces
tumour necrosis. PH of tumour tissue is acidic; application of sodium bicarbonate (SB) into
lung cancer locally via bronchoscopy can change its core pH, which may lead to tumour destruction.
We aimed to study the ultrastructural characteristics of lung cancer and assess the destructive
effects of sodium bicarbonate 8.4 % local injection on tumour tissue integrity by light and electron
microscopies.

Methods:
This study was conducted on 21 patients with central bronchial carcinoma diagnosed according
to WHO classification 2015. Three bronchoscopic biopsies were taken; two biopsies before
and one after injection of sodium bicarbonate 8.4 % solution of 20 ml via transbronchial needle.
All biopsies were examined by both light and electron microscopes. The first biopsy was examined
to diagnose the tumour morphologically with and without immunostaining. Second and
third biopsies were taken before and after SB 8.4 % injection to compare pathological changes in
tumour tissue integrity as well as cellular ultra-structures. Different lung cancer pathological types
were included in the study.

Results:
Tumour tissue integrity and pathological changes were examined in biopsies before and after
injection of sodium bicarbonate 8.4 %. Extensive necrosis in all cell types of lung cancer was
seen after injection of SB; this important finding was delineated by both light and electron microscopies.

Conclusion:
Preliminary ultrastructural study of small biopsy of lung tumors has a complementary
role in both morphological and immunohistochemical studies. Local injection of sodium bicarbonate
into lung cancer induces extensive necrosis that may reflect its important therapeutic role in
lung cancer.
Predicting Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) through Vital Signs using Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Authors: Rayan Zeina , Alfonse Marco , Salem Abdel-Badeeh M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
As sepsis is one of the life-threatening diseases, predicting sepsis with high accuracy could help save lives.

Methods:
Efficiency and accuracy of predicting sepsis can be enhanced through optimal feature selection. In this work, a support vector machine model is proposed to automatically predict a patient’s risk of sepsis based on physiological data collected from the ICU.

Results:
The support vector machine algorithm that uses the extracted features has a great impact on sepsis prediction, which yields the accuracy of 0.73.

Conclusion:
Predicting sepsis can be accurately performed using the main vital signs and support vector machine.
Natural Products for Targeting Acanthamoeba spp.
Authors: Wehelie Yassmin Isse , Nasih Aishath Leesha , Anwar Ayaz , Siddiqui Ruqaiyyah , Maciver Sutherland , Khan Naveed Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

:
Pathogenic Acanthamoeba is responsible for causing serious eye and fatal brain infections.
A successful prognosis remains elusive despite advances in chemotherapeutics and supportive
care. Natural products of medicinal value remain a promising source for drug development due
to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. Herein, we discuss anti-Acanthamoebic properties
of natural products originating from plants, marine, and microbial sources that could be exploited
as a potential avenue for drug discovery against infections caused by Acanthamoeba.
Cerebellum, GABA and Ataxia
Authors: Lalonde Robert , Strazielle Catherine 
Published: November 2021

:
Various clinical results are obtained regarding the effects of cerebellar GABA transmission
on spinocerebellar ataxias. Based on animal studies, it is proposed that balanced GABAergic
transmission between GABA and other neurotransmitters such as glutamate may lead to more
promising results in treating such conditions.