bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical diversity and treatment results in Tegumentary Leishmaniasis: A European clinical report in 459 patients
Authors: Guery Romain , Walker Stephen L. , Harms Gundel , Neumayr Andreas , Van Thiel Pieter , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Clerinx Jan , Söbirk Sara Karlsson , Visser Leo , Lachaud Laurence , Bailey Mark , Bart Aldert , Ravel Christophe , Van der Auwera Gert , Blum Johannes , Lockwood Diana N. , Buffet Pierre ,   on behalf of the LeishMan Network and the French Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Study group
Published: October 2021

Background
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is frequent in travellers and can involve oro-nasal mucosae. Clinical presentation impacts therapeutic management.

Methodology
Demographic and clinical data from 459 travellers infected in 47 different countries were collected by members of the European LeishMan consortium. The infecting Leishmania species was identified in 198 patients.

Principal findings
Compared to Old World CL, New World CL was more frequently ulcerative (75% vs 47%), larger (3 vs 2cm), less frequently facial (17% vs 38%) and less frequently associated with mucosal involvement (2.7% vs 5.3%). Patients with mucosal lesions were older (58 vs 30 years) and more frequently immunocompromised (37% vs 3.5%) compared to patients with only skin lesions. Young adults infected in Latin America with L. braziliensis or L. guyanensis complex typically had an ulcer of the lower limbs with mucosal involvement in 5.8% of cases. Typically, infections with L. major and L. tropica acquired in Africa or the Middle East were not associated with mucosal lesions, while infections with L. infantum, acquired in Southern Europe resulted in slowly evolving facial lesions with mucosal involvement in 22% of cases. Local or systemic treatments were used in patients with different clinical presentations but resulted in similarly high cure rates (89% vs 86%).

Conclusion/Significance
CL acquired in L. infantum-endemic European and Mediterranean areas displays unexpected high rates of mucosal involvement comparable to those of CL acquired in Latin America, especially in immunocompromised patients. When used as per recommendations, local therapy is associated with high cure rates.
Changes in dead space components during pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation: A secondary analysis of a randomized trial
Authors: Hirabayashi Go , Yokose Yuuki , Nagata Kohei , Oshika Hiroyuki , Saito Minami , Akihisa Yuki , Maruyama Koichi , Andoh Tomio 
Published: October 2021

Background
We previously reported that there were no differences between the lung-protective actions of pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation and volume control ventilation based on the changes in serum cytokine levels. Dead space represents a ventilation-perfusion mismatch, and can enable us to understand the heterogeneity and elapsed time changes in ventilation-perfusion mismatch.

Methods
This study was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. The inspiratory to expiratory ratio was adjusted individually by observing the expiratory flow-time wave in the pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation group (n = 14) and was set to 1:2 in the volume-control ventilation group (n = 13). Using volumetric capnography, the physiological dead space was divided into three dead space components: airway, alveolar, and shunt dead space. The influence of pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation and time factor on the changes in each dead space component rate was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon’s signed rank test.

Results
The physiological dead space and shunt dead space rate were decreased in the pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation group compared with those in the volume control ventilation group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively), and both dead space rates increased with time in both groups. The airway dead space rate increased with time, but the difference between the groups was not significant. There were no significant changes in the alveolar dead space rate.

Conclusions
Pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation reduced the physiological dead space rate, suggesting an improvement in the total ventilation/perfusion mismatch due to improved inflation of the alveoli affected by heterogeneous expansion disorder without hyperinflation of the normal alveoli. However, the shunt dead space rate increased with time, suggesting that atelectasis developed with time in both groups.
A taxonomic revision of Selaginella monospora Spring (Selaginellaceae)
Authors: Shalimov Alexander P. , Zhang Xian-Chun 
Published: October 2021

During a taxonomic revision of Selaginella from the Himalaya which is a part of the ongoing “Flora of Pan-Himalaya” project, we studied the taxonomy of Selaginella monospora and its closely related species. We found that S. microclada once treated as a synonym of S. monospora should be accepted as a distinct species. In contrast, S. trichophylla, S. monospora var. ciliolata, S. medogensis, and S. effusa var. dulongjiangensis are reduced to synonymy of S. monospora based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters. Selaginella monospora is characterized by denticulate to ciliolate leaves and strongly dimorphic sporophylls vs. denticulate leaves and slightly dimorphic sporophylls in S. microclada. A lectotypification of S. medogensis was also made in the present study.
New species of the genus Adonis L. (Ranunculaceae) from Sakhalin Island
Authors: Gorovoy Petr G. , Volkova Svetlana A. 
Published: October 2021

A description of a new species of the genus Adonis, Adonis sachalinensis Gorovoi et S. Volkova, related to A. amurensis Regel et Radde is given. The karyotypes and the morphology characters show difference between plants from Sakhalin Island and Primorye Territory.
Genetic Profile Assessment of Giant Clam Genus Tridacna as a Basis for Resource Management at Wakatobi National Park Waters
Authors: Findra Muhammad Nur , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad , Butet Nurlisa Alias , Solihin Dedy Duryadi 
Published: October 2021

Giant clam population has been decreased in a few years. Resource management requires information from various aspects, such as ecological, population, and other aspects. This study was aimed at assessing the genetic profile of Tridacna giant clam in Wakatobi National Park waters using Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) genetic marker. Sample collection was conducted around the three main islands, i.e., Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, and Tomia. Genetic analysis using COI gene may contribute in identifying giant clams up to the species level and showed the relationship among species. The research found 41 specific nucleotide sites for the clams. T. crocea, T. squamosa and T. maxima had 2, 15 and 24 sites, respectively. COI gene as a biological marker was able to separate groups of giant clam by species. Nucleotide variation of T. crocea from Wakatobi was the highest among other locations, so it could be used as a genetic source for translocation and domestication. Keywords: cytochrome oxidase subunit I, specific nucleotide, Tridacna, Wakatobi National Park
Reverse-Engineering the Covenant: Moses, Massachusetts Bay and the Construction of a City on a Hill
Authors: Rowley Matthew 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article examines the famous “city on a hill” sermon delivered by John Winthrop at the start of colonial Massachusetts Bay. It focuses on belief-formation, looking at how Winthrop reverse-engineered the covenant in two senses. First, he found a blueprint for a godly society in the Pentateuch. Moreover, scholars have missed Winthrop’s reversal of the covenant-formation process. In the Pentateuch, God approached Israel with a covenant offer—setting the terms of the agreement and setting the supernatural verification that the covenant was ratified. However, when Massachusetts Bay entered the covenant, Winthrop reversed the order: he approached God, he set the terms of the covenant and the standard of verification that God ratified the covenant. America’s “founding covenant,” though taken by many as a parallel with biblical Israel, is actually its opposite. In reverse-engineering the covenant based on the Pentateuch, Winthrop also altered the role of God and his people. One of the benefits flowing from covenant obedience, Winthrop argued, would be victory in battle against Native Americans.
Biochemical and immunological blood parameters in patients with inflammatory complications after spine screw fixation
Authors: Radchenko Volodymyr , Leontyeva Frieda , Barkov Oleksandr , Tuliakov Vladyslav , Korzh Iryna 
Published: October 2021

As a result of screw fixation at the surgical treatment of patients with spinal diseases, certain complications may occur, of which soft tissues inflammation is frequent. Therefore, it is especially important to study the metabolic status of patients before surgery to determine the increased possibility of complications. Objective. To study the biochemical and immunological blood serum parameters and determine their diagnostic sensitivity in patients with the thoracic and lumbar spine diseases after screw fixation with postoperative inflammatory response. Methods. Comparisons of blood parame­ters were carried out in two groups of 20 patients in each group: the first one — patients at whom the postoperative period passed without complications, the second group — a soft tissues inflammation around the metal structure was observed in the postoperative period. Blood for the study was taken before the surgery on an empty stomach for determination of: C-reactive protein (CRP), sialic acid, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, haptoglobin, content of total chondroitin sulfate (ChS), glycoproteins, circulating immune complexes (CIC), the rate of spontaneous lymphocyte mig­ration, the level of lymphocyte migration with antibodies to bone and cartilage antigens. For quantitative characterization of diagnostic reliability of laboratory test was used the criterion of diagnostic sensitivity. Results. In patients with postoperative soft tissue inflammation around the metal device before surgery, the following indicators were the most informative: the content of ChS (95 %), CRP (80 %), glycoproteins (95 %), haptoglobin (92 %), ALP activi­ty (80 %), sialic acid content (90 %), CIC concentration (70 %), the rate of spontaneous lymphocyte migration (65 %). Conclusions. The laboratory parameters complex with the highest diagnostic sensitivity can be recommended for the selection of preventive measures in the preoperative period, which will improve the results of surgical treatment, reduce its duration and costs.
Euthanasia under French law
Authors: Haddadi A. , Ravaz F. 
Published: October 2021

Under criminal law, euthanasia can have two distinct qualifications: that of homicide in the event that the act of directly killing another person is characterized, or that of assisting a third party in the suicide. These two qualifications are applicable on the condition that the agent — the author of the act of causing death — is not the one who went through it. In fact, selfeuthanasia is nothing more than suicide.In addition to euthanasia imposed to a third party (such as in the case of Malevre, nurse from Mantes-la-Jolie, tried in 2003), the euthanasia requested and subscribed constitutes a complex legal question. Answering this question first involves specifying the position of contemporary criminal law in the face of suicide.In the event that suicide is only decriminalized, in fact, the author of the act — regardless of the outcome of his actions, who is himself the victim, cannot be prosecuted. Nor ultimately receive any condemnation.However, this lack of prosecution and conviction is by no means an endorsement of the act — suicide — by the law.Moreover, in the event that suicide is a right, it would then be necessary to agree that any candidate for this act can request assistance in the accomplishment of his death. Given these two opposing approaches, imposed on us the question of whether there is a right to die.Although the euthanasia imposed is unequivocally under ordinary criminal law, the euthanasia requested and granted is not based on any rights. To date, there is no right to approve a death request, but on the other hand, it does allow it to be respected and to some extent promotes its approach with dignity. This work will focus on two central points which are the possibility that euthanasia is a homicide under common law (I) and the attitude of French law concerning the right to death (II).
The elusive retromolar foramen and retromolar canal: A CBCT study
Authors: Pannalal Vijeta , Deoghare Abhijeet , Fating Chinar , Jha Satyendra 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to evaluate the presence of retromolar foramen (RMF) and retromolar canal (RMC) in the mandible using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in Chhattishgarh population and to correlate its possible clinical impact. 175 CBCT images were collected from which 100 bilateral CBCT images of patients were retrospectively selected from the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology of the Chhattishgarh Dental College and Research Institute and evaluated bilaterally which were taken for diagnostic purposes from maxillofacial radiology clinic and data were statistically analyzed. This was an observational descriptive study and all the images were processed and analyzed on CS3D imaging software. The data was analyzed using chi square test. The prevalence of RMF and RMC was observed in 8.5%, of which 10 were in females and 7 in males. The RMCs traversed in different directions – horizontal, vertical and angular. Based on the subjective assessment, each of these canals was further subclassified into straight and curved canal. In the present study in 12 of the cases angular curved type was found and in 3 cases, vertical straight was noticed. The bifurcation of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) canal was observed in 15% of the scans and remaining 85% had single mandibular canal. The proximity of RMF from buccal and lingual cortical plates was found buccally in 16 cases and in single case was found to be lingually. Position of RMF might change with the presence and absence of third molar. The absence of third molar results in anteriorly located RMF. In majority of cases it was found that RMF was located more buccal than lingual. The parameters considered in the current study will guide the oral and maxillofacial surgeons while giving incisions in 3molar impacted cases, other pathologies and ease to preserve the retromolar foramen.
КОНЦЕПЦІЯ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ ДОХОДІВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Мамонтова Н. , Витюк В. 
Published: October 2021

Анотація. Досліджено доцільність та актуальність реформування корпоративного оподаткування доходів в Україні. Проаналізовано наукові розробки вітчизняних і закордонних науковців. Досліджено низьку фіскальну ефективність податку на прибуток підприємств і встановлено стійкий взаємозв’язок рівня сплати податків від комплексу додаткових чинників, а саме рівня корпоративного менеджменту, форми власності та уваги громадськості. Відзначено високу вагу сплати податку на прибуток у загальній структурі Топ-30 підприємствами України за сплати податків. Проаналізовано та узагальнено міжнародний досвід корпоративного оподаткування доходів. Обґрунтовано необхідність заміни податку на прибуток на інший вид податку корпоративного оподаткування доходів. Зазначено системні проблеми щодо ефективності наявних у світі моделей корпоративного оподаткування доходів. Підкреслено негативний вплив низькоподаткових юрисдикцій на функціонування податкових систем низки країн і створення ефекту нерівномірності податкового навантаження. Систематизовано інформацію щодо практичного досвіду впровадження податку на виведений капітал у країнах світу. Досліджено низьку ефективність такої концепції реформування корпоративного оподаткування і недоцільність використання цієї концепції в сучасних умовах України. Оцінено можливість заміни податку на додану вартість і встановлено критичну залежність доходів зведеного бюджету України від надходжень цього податку на рівні більше ніж 35 %. Розроблено та обґрунтовано концепцію реформування корпоративного оподаткування доходів шляхом упровадження 1 % податку з обороту в доповнення податку на додану вартість і повної відміни податку на прибуток. Оцінено обсяг надходжень податкових надходжень за 2010—2019 рр. у разі впровадження авторської концепції корпоративного оподаткування доходів у порівнянні з актуальною системою оподаткування. Згруповано і систематизовано позитивні наслідки для економіки України внаслідок зміни системи корпоративного оподаткування доходів. Підкреслено необхідність формування нової податкової культури і філософії взаємодії представників податкових органів та бізнесу.
Ключові слова: корпоративне оподаткування доходів, податок на прибуток підприємств, податок на виведений капітал, податок з обороту.
Формул: 0; рис.: 0; табл.: 3; бібл.: 19.
MODELLING THE SECURITY OF BUSINESS PROCESSES WHEN CREATING AND TRANSFERRING VALUES FOR STAKEHOLDERS
Authors: Krasnokutska N. , Koptieva H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract.The purposeof the recent study is to substantiate the directions and develop a methodological approach to modelling the security of business processes by their main types, considering the interests of stakeholders who receive value from interaction with the business.Business as an economic system is based on the significant number of transactions that can lead to different financial, material, informational losses, as well as reputational risks due to the lack of stakeholders’ trust. To prevent these losses when creating and transferring values for stakeholders we suggested the approach to modelling the security of business processes which takes into account their main types (main, auxiliary, managerial business processes and business development processes), the results (value created) that key stakeholders get at the output of these processes, and the indicators that reflect the criteria for modelling the security of business processes — efficiency, effectiveness, and quality (customer satisfaction with the result of the process — the recipient of value). Using the fuzzy set method, a map of identification of the security status of basic, auxiliary, managerial business processes and business development processes was developed, which allows to use a wide range of characteristics of business processes and linguistic variables to describe them (from «catastrophic» state to «very good») and allows you to model options for changing the strategy of the enterprise in order to avoid the risk of imbalance of economic, social and environmental interests of its stakeholders.
The proposed approach was applied to retail chains in Ukraine and provided decision-makers with useful information for a better contribution of internal control systems to creating stakeholders’ value.
Keywords: business process, modelling, security of business processes, security criteria, stakeholders, interests, values.
JEL Classification D46, G32, L81
Formulas: 3; fig.: 2; tabl.: 5; bibl.: 20.
PROBLEMS OF PHYSICS AND GEOPOLITICS IN GLOBAL WARMING
Authors: Basok B. , Baseyev Ye. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Global warming and so-called the “greenhouse effect” is one of the most discussed problems of physics and geopolitics, which has caused protest environmental movements in the world.

Problem Statement. Widely discussed are both anthropogenic (the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere) and the natural concepts of global warming with the dramatic effects of climate change on the planet and individual regions.
Purpose. Evaluate the state of the problem, to present the results of research and measures to possible reduction of the greenhouse effect.
Materials and Methods. Authoritative literary sources were used to analyze anthropogenic and natural factors of global warming, including an explanation of the processes from physics that manifest themselves during solar-geomagnetic activity.
Results. Ways and directions of increasing the efficiency of energy use to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are identified.
Conclusions. The greatest potential for increasing energy efficiency in the use of energy resources, and thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions, lies in the heat supply sector of the country's housing and municipal sector. Prospects for further research are related to the development and implementation of organizational, economic and technological innovations in this energy sector.
СТАНОВО-ПРЕДСТАВНИЦЬКА МОНАРХІЯ В МОСКОВСЬКОМУ ЦАРСТВІ: СОNТRA
Authors: Захарченко П. П. , Карпічков В. О. , Мірошниченко М. І. 
Published: October 2021

Проаналізовано формування, склад, функції земських соборів у Московському царстві, їхню відповідність критеріям установ, що належать до інститутів станово-представницької монархії. Для всебічної оцінки цього політико-правового явища залучено різноманітні джерела як історіографічного, так і матеріального походження. Результатом дослідження стало спростування поширеного як у радянській, так і в сучасній літературі твердження про панування в Московському царстві XVI–XVII ст. самодержавної форми правління з домінуванням ознак станового представництва.
У роботі проілюстровано погляди вчених, які здебільшого заперечують станово-представницький характер самодержавної Московії. На підтвердження їхньої позиції автори наданли інші докази, що в сукупності мають на меті вирішити поставлене наукове завдання.
Ключові слова: станово-представницька монархія, земський собор, форма правління, політичний режим, Московське царство, суспільні верстви, представництво.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ОРГАНІВ ДВОРЯНСЬКОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ ВОЛИНСЬКОЇ ГУБ. (кінець ХVІІІ — 30-ті роки ХІХ ст.)
Authors: Бортніков В. І. , Бортнікова А. В. 
Published: October 2021

Проаналізовано еволюціюполітики російського самодержавства за часів імператорів Павла І, Олександра І та Миколи І щодо ролі польського дворянства, польських політико-правових норм і традицій у системі адміністративно-територіального управління й дворянського самоврядування на теренах Волинської губ. Акцентовано увагу на організації та порядку виборів у дворянські зібрання, включно й вибори предводителів дворянства.
Ключові слова: Російська імперія, Волинська губ., дворянське самоврядування, вибори, губернський/повітовий маршалок, предводитель дворянства.
ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ПЕРЕЯСЛАВСЬКОГО ЗЕМСЬКОГО СКЛАДУ ЗЕМЛЕРОБСЬКИХ ЗНАРЯДЬ І МАШИН у 1892–1915 рр. (За матеріалами постанов і звітів Переяславських земських зборів)
Authors: Жам О. М. 
Published: October 2021

На основі матеріалів постанов і звітів Переяславських повітових земських зборів, Переяславської земської Управи та інших джерел проаналізовано історію створення Переяславського земського складу землеробських знарядь і машин та його діяльність у 1892–1917 рр. Охарактеризовано асортимент сільськогосподарського реманенту складу, основні напрямки та механізми його реалізації. Відзначено, що заходи переяславського земства щодо забезпечення населення сільськогосподарським реманентом сприяли підвищенню технічної бази місцевого сільського господарства, покращенню агрокультури в регіоні.
Ключові слова: Переяслав, склад землеробських знарядь і машин, земство, кредитування, фінансування.