bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uso metodológico docente y rendimiento lector del alumnado: análisis fundamentado en PISA lectura 2018
Authors: Rodríguez-García Alejandro , Arias-Gago Ana Rosa 
Published: August 2021

Las investigaciones en las que se vincula el rendimiento académico en lectura del alumnado y la utilización de modelos didácticos por parte del profesorado se caracterizan por el carácter exiguo y dispar de los resultados. Esta investigación analizó la influencia y relación entre la utilización metodológica que realizan 13119 docentes de España y el rendimiento académico del alumnado español en PISA lectura 2018. Para este propósito, se implementó un diseño de investigación descriptivo-correlacional en el que se relacionaron los resultados del alumnado español obtenido en la prueba de PISA lectura 2018 con los resultados extraídos tras la administración del cuestionario UMEPE a los docentes de esos alumnos. Los resultados arrojaron relaciones significativas y una influencia positiva y lineal entre el uso de un modelo activo y el rendimiento del alumnado en lectura. Por el contrario, cuando se implementa un modelo tradicional no se produce influencia ni relación entre las variables. La aplicación ecléctica de ambos modelos puede generar un mayor o menor rendimiento del alumnado en lectura en función del contexto. Estos hallazgos se anteponen a la mayoría de la literatura vinculada y se posicionan junto a los estudios que asocian métodos y estrategias activas con un mayor rendimiento.
The studies that relate the use of teaching models and student´s achievement in reading are characterized by their recent and disparate nature. This research analyzed both the influence and relationship between methodological usage made by 13119 Spanish teachers and the achievement of Spanish students in PISA reading 2018. To this end, a descriptive-correlational research design was implemented in which the results of Spanish students obtained in PISA reading test are related to the results obtained after UMEPE questionnaire administration to the teachers of those students. The results showed significant relationships and a positive and linear influence between the use of active models by teachers and students’ achievement in reading. On the contrary, when a traditional model is implemented, there is no influence or relationship between the variables. The eclectic application of both models can generate more or less students´ achievement in reading depending on the context. These findings taker precedence over most of the connected literature and rank alongside studies that associate active methods and strategies with higher achievement.
KØBENHAVN
Authors: Anderson Sally 
Published: August 2021

Copenhagen is the capital of Denmark and
the Kingdom’s only metropolis. The city
embraces institutions of royalty, state and
national culture as well as all the ‘people’
of Denmark. Whereas national institutions
are by and large located within the walls
of the fortress city, the ‘people’ are generally
located in neighborhoods constructed
during rapid industrialization. The article
explores the idea of Copenhagen as a folkelig
city, a city that accrues both legitimacy
and authenticity by invoking the
‘people’ in all their social, regional and
ethnic diversity in certain areas of the city.
Although a down-to-earth, non-elite, folkelig
community is commonly thought to
derive from the daily lives of ‘common
people’ in lower class neighborhoods, the
article illustrates how the idea of folkelig
community is intentionally evoked in
efforts to revitalize such very neighborhoods
deemed lacking a proper sense of
community. The article discusses how two
voluntary organizations run by middle
class reformers invoke different aesthetics
of diversity and authentic commonality in
attempts to infuse a working class neighborhood
undergoing urban renewal with
a new sense of folkelig community. With
each their own facility for voluntary sport
and culture, both aspire to create venues
promoting a common sociality that cross
cuts social difference. While the locally
based organization invokes a plural community
of locals, the nationally based
organization invokes a plural community
of citizens. The article concludes that the
aesthetic of common diversity and the performance
of folkelig community are vital
to the ideal of the good city upheld by
Copenhagen’s mentors, organizers and
authorities.
MUMBAI
Authors: Rosengaard Camilla 
Published: August 2021

The last ten years of growth in the Indian
economy has nurtured dreams of the ‘good
life’ among both the rich and the poor in
the city of Mumbai (Bombay). The city
and the home are important scenes in
which the realizations of this metropolis’
16 million inhabitants are played out.
Whilst the middle classes, to an ever growing
extent, realize dreams of the good
life, inspired by the tranquil suburban life
of the Western middle-class, the underclass
must employ other life strategies in
their attempt to turn dreams into reality.
BØRNENES BYER
Authors: Lauridsen Palle Schantz 
Published: August 2021

Inden for de seneste år er der skrevet ganske meget om byer og film (jf. litteraturlisten).
Byfilmens kanon er ved at være på plads, og det ville være nemt at finde yndlingsfilm
blandt disse kanoniske film.
For ikke at fortsætte ad et spor, der allerede er lagt, skal jeg dog i denne lille opsats
behandle to byfilm, som jeg aldrig selv har set omtalt i diskussioner af filmens byer. Det
drejer sig om to efterhånden alderstegne film, Astrid Henning-Jensens Palle alene i
verden (1949) og Albert Lamorisses Le ballon rouge (1956). Altså om to børnefilm,
hvor byen spiller en central rolle.
Men først kan det være på sin plads at ridse byfilmens kanon op. Den består i grove
træk af tre typer film: tidlige dokumentarfilm, 20’ernes storbysymfonier og fiktionsfilm
med byen som klangbund.
PARIS
Authors: Møhl Perle 
Published: August 2021

Unique, and yet a résumé of all of France,
so massively dense that it draws everything
in like a black hole. Parisian navigations,
various forms of transportation,
giving very different perceptions and perspectives,
maplike, tourlike, and in between.
Nostalgia, nothing is like it was –
and it never has been. Still keeping contact,
from afar, through the generous don
of water, flowing to its underground from
a small rich village.
SHANGHAI
Authors: Bregnbæk Susanne 
Published: August 2021

The article traces the image of Shanghai
as the whore of the East. Taking Ian
Buruma and Avishai Margalit’s thoughtprovoking
book Occidentalism (2003) as
a point of departure, the author explores
how Shanghai because of its close relationship
to the West, epitomises a Chinese
ambiguous relationship between modernity
and tradition. Since the beginning of
the twentieth century Shanghai has been
associated with the promiscuous good-life
of the English and French colonial elite.
Mao saw Shanghai as the “most Western
whore of them all” and by waging war on
the city he put an end to the decadent
period of Western imperialism. Today
Shanghai is an impressive and at the same
time uncanny monument of China’s economic
growth and a symbol of modernity.
The article suggests that imaginings of
Shanghai are telling of China’s attempt
to develop modernity with Chinese characteristics.
Shanghai’s revival as the new
face of China being a centre of economic
growth and cosmopolitanism has, however,
given rise to a new fear of Westernisation.
Despite efforts to control the social
world including social spaces, changing
lifestyles pose new threats to the Communist
Party’s wish for monopoly of the
definition of social reality. This becomes
clear in a controversy over the novel
Shanghai Baby, which plays on Shanghai’s
previous image as the whore of the
East in a modern guise.
TEHERAN
Authors: Kongsgaard Leif Tøfting 
Published: August 2021

In this article it is argued that Tehran itself
as well as the Iranians’ conception of
Tehran is changing. The size of Tehran,
the capital of Iran, has within a few
decades risen explosively from no more
than 300.000 inhabitants in the 1930s to
more than 9 million people today. At the
same time the city has experienced a
radical demographic divide between the
lower, warmer, poorer and more traditional
South and the richer, more modern
North close to the cooler mountains. The
conception of Tehran today is that of “a
modern part” of Iran; i.e. North Tehran.
While everybody agrees that Tehran is
modern, the significance of this modernity
is vehemently debated. The technological
and financial aspect of Tehran’s modernity
is unanimously seen as a positive feature,
whereas the individualistic aspect of this
modernity to some Iranians is seen as a
moral threat to society, while others see it
as a liberalising and positive force in
society. In other words Tehran has become
the battlefield of morality where “true
Islam” meets “modern corruption”, “true
Iranianism” meets “Western decadence”
etc. And nowhere is this seen more
explicitly than in the parks of Tehran. The
urban parks have within the last decade
developed into semi-private spaces partly
free of government control, neighbours’
gossip and family restrictions. The culture
of the private space (the home) has thus
been moved into the public space, and at
the same time this transformation causes
the emergence of the modern, secularised
urban individual, which to some extent
demands separation of religion and state.
This urban individual can no longer be
controlled by the local priest and cannot
be restricted from receiving news and
viewpoints from outside of the national
state-controlled media. Tehran has in this
way become a physical and symbolical
battlefield, where the dialectical and often
contradicting moral consequences of
modernity are being negotiated, restricted
and craved.
ÅRHUS
Authors: Raahauge Kirsten Marie 
Published: August 2021

From the point of view of inhabitants of
Skåde Bakker and Fedet, two well-off
neighbourhoods in the Danish city of
Aarhus, this article discusses social and
visual perceptions of space. The spatial
understanding of the city of Aarhus is
twofold: it is understood simultaneously
as an entity (a coherent city with centre
and periphery) and as an archipelago of
different spatial organisations in a big
urbanised sea. Among the multitude of
spaces and spatial understanding the
article deals with different categories such
as the central district, the neighbourhoods
of Skåde Bakker and Fedet, transit space
and virtual space. The topic, space perceptions,
is understood very concretely, as
social and visual organisations of the
relationship between form and space, and
on its way through the town of the well
off city dwellers the article describes gardens
and landscapes as well as roads and
shopping areas of Aarhus.
Dronningens mønt; Om penge, rang og distinktioner
Authors: Liep John 
Published: August 2021

The article introduces the phenomenon of ranked money by a description of the ndap
system of shell money on Rossel Island, Papua New Guinea. This money is divided in
many classes from rare, named and sacred objects in the upper part of the system down
to common low-value pieces towards the bottom. It is shown that high-ranking shells
are more like decorations or tokens of authority while low-ranking ones are more
similar to our money. Further, payment displays of shell money index the social
precedence of participants in transactions. Similar cases of ranked money in the Pacific
are presented. Relevant theory by Graeber, Hart, Kopytoff and Annette Weiner is
reviewed to elucidate the phenomenon. I then turn to two public Danish value
objectifications: state money and the royal system of regalia, orders and medals. I
show how in our modern society a split has appeared between money as a commercial
medium and royal distinctions as tokens of honour in an alternative hierarchical domain
of value. There is, however, a “missing link”: at great occasions in the royal family
special large commemorative coins of silver are issued. One of these is placed as a
royal gift with each cover at the banquet celebrating the event.
KAMPEN FOR OVERLEVELSE: Demografisk bevidsthed og forestillinger om forbundethed i den israelsk-jødiske
Authors: Goldberg Helene 
Published: August 2021

To “be fruitful and multiply” is an imperative in Jewish law. Procreation has, therefore,
a central place in Jewish religion and Jewish life. Since the state’s founding in 1948
the Israeli government has conducted a pronatalist policy to increase the Jewish
population by encouraging Jewish childbirth and immigration to Israel. The country
leads the world with the number of fertility clinics per capita, and treatments are heavily
subsidized by the national health insurance. The explanation that is given for the scale
of fertility clinics and the progressive fertility legislation national rests on the fear of
losing the Jewish majority. The article problematizes this argument by exploring how
demographic consciousness in Israel not only includes knowledge of the country’s
demographic composition, but also collective memory of hardship, struggle and of
origin. These issues answer the question as to who can be included in the national
family. Central to demographic consciousness is kinship and gender, nationhood,
Jewishness and citizenship. These notions of relatedness are made explicit and mobilized
differently in changing situations of fertility treatments. The goal of the article is to
show that insight into demographic consciousness is necessary to elucidate the complex
context of fertility treatments in Israel.
„DET KRÆVER NU ENGANG EN MAND OG EN KVINDE“: Køn, seksualitet og slægtskab i den politiske debat om homoseksuelles forældreegnethed
Authors: Mosegaard Maruska la Cour 
Published: August 2021

In Denmark same sex parenthood is a highly controversial topic. Taking this controversy
as a point of departure the article discusses kinship as a negotiated and politicised
field. While homosexual men are increasingly becoming fathers and parents, their
fatherhood is still surrounded with silence in political debates, which focus mainly on
lesbian motherhood. By exploring how notions of kinship, gender and sexuality are
intersected in the political debates regarding homosexuals’ access to parenthood, the
article explores this apparent invisibility of homosexual fathers. The political debates
provide a window on the contemporary negotiation of kinship ties and obligations, and
touch upon the boundaries of “the family”. The article concludes that the silence
surrounding homosexual fathers is a question of both their (homo)sexuality and their
gender. Both homosexual men and women have difficulties in access to parenthood
and are excluded from the definition of family contained in Danish law, because they
cannot uphold the notion of kinship as symbolized by heterosexual intercourse. In
addition the wishes of fatherhood held by gay men are – because of their being men –
ignored since parenthood in a Danish context still is synonymous with motherhood.
FRIDAS GRYDE: Moral, modernitet og mad i det vestlige Kenya
Authors: Teglhus Lene 
Published: August 2021

Frida is a young widow who resists the tradition of levirate, that stipulates that a
widow should marry one of her dead husmands brothers or a professional levir. This
opposition results in her exclusion from family. Therefore she can expect no help or
food from her mother-in-law. She suffers from disease and from uncertainty, and every
day of her life is a struggle for survival for herself and her two children. To understand
the stakes and concerns involved in this struggle, the article draws upon classical
analysis of kinship as well as more recent analytic approaches to relatedness. By
negotiating rights and morality, Frida deals with aspects of modernity and tradition in
coping with situations where there are questions of her inclusion and exclusion..
SLAVERNES SLÆGT: Slægtshistorie som personlig fortælling og kritisk diskurs
Authors: Frello Brigitta 
Published: August 2021

The empirical focus of the article is on the serial, Slaves in the Family, which the
Danish TV channel, DR2, launched in January 2005. It is a serial of four programs on
Scandinavian descendants of slaves primarily from the former Danish colony of the
West Indies: St. John, St. Thomas and St. Croix. This serial is analysed with special
reference to the ways in which kinship is represented and the implications of these
forms of representation. The first part of the analysis focuses on three specific narratives
of kinship, which are presented during the serial. The question is how the participants
individually make sense of their consanguinity with slaves. The second part of the
analysis focuses on the serial’s overall narrative and the consequences, which the choice
of ‘kinship’ as a narrative device has for the construction of the story. It is argued that
the serial, by telling this story through the lens of kinship, partly undermines its own
proclaimed critical perspective. Rather than being a story of re-viewing history and
claiming responsibility for the atrocities, which were committed by the Danish state
and by other Danish agencies during colonial time, it becomes a story of re-uniting
family bonds which have been unrightfully torn apart. By this move, the categorical
distinction between white and black, Scandinavian and African, master and slave, is
denied, rather than transgressed and the potentially subversive story of the hybrid
descent of the Danes is displaced by a sentimental quest for a ‘true’ personal identity.
Position: FUNKTIONEL UDDIFFERENTIERING
Authors: Heiefort Ralph 
Published: August 2021

Det er notorisk svært at definere, hvad arbejde „egentlig“ er for noget. Det er der mange
grunde til. En grund er, at arbejde, bogstaveligt talt, kan indkalkulere alle mulige
former for menneskelig aktivitet. En anden grund er, at disse aktiviteter ikke lader sig
præcisere uafhængigt af tid og rum; ud over at være mangetydigt i sig selv er det, der
kvalificerer som arbejde, desuden også kontekstafhængigt. Vender man sig fra objektet
til dem, som studerer objektet, er en tredje anledning at finde i det forhold, at der er
adskillige akademiske discipliner, som studerer arbejde ud fra vidt forskellige forudsætninger
og referencerammer. Med en nærmest uoverskuelig empirisk mangfoldighed
melder spørgsmålet sig, om det fra netop antropologisk side er ønskværdigt overhovedet
at forsøge at fremdestillere en analytisk essens af, hvad arbejde kan tænkes at være for
noget. Mit korte svar på det spørgsmål er et utvetydigt ja – og nu skal jeg uddybe dette
kategoriske svar.
KULTUREL DIVERSITET OG PSYKOLOGISK ENHED: Eksemplet religiøse ontologier
Authors: Lisdorf Anders 
Published: August 2021

How do we explain that people believe in apparently bizarre things as in Evans-Prichards’s
study of the Azande beliefs in witches? It is argued that radically nativist theories on the
one hand and radically culturalist explanations on the other are inadequate. Rather, a
more detailed account needs to be worked out. Taking the example of religious ontologies
to which Azandes witches belong, it is argued that religious ontologies consist of a
relatively limited catalogue of counter-intuitive concepts on a worldwide basis. The
problem is then how to explain why only some of these concepts are present in one
culture and others in another culture. Also it is a problem how to explain why these
religious ontologies are relatively stable within one culture over long durations, that is,
why a kind of cultural inertia exists. It is argued that the mechanism which stabilises
cultural knowledge is validation contexts of this knowledge. Validation contexts are
situations in which some knowledge is validated as true and other as false. Among the
Azande these are the different oracles. The oracles are anthropomorphised in the ritual
situation. But they are also sociomorphised, that is, considered a part of the wider
society of the Azande. As society has a hierarchy, so do oracles. This creates a knowledge
hierarchy among them. Some oracles give the ultimate truth while others are not credible.
When questions about witches as causes of misfortune are verified in the highest oracle
they remain a part of the religious ontology, which is why they are later again inferred as
causes of misfortune and again put as questions to the highest oracle. This looping
could explain the cultural inertia which is often testified in many cultures.
Indledning: DET LADER SIG HØRE – FORSKELLIGT
Authors: Christensen Merete Kjær , Kjærgaard Carsten 
Published: August 2021

Dette nummer af Tidsskriftet Antropologi sætter fokus på variationen i lydperception
og i de forskningsmæssige tilgange til lyd. Vi har inviteret og modtaget artikler fra mange
faglige traditioner for netop at bidrage til så meget støj som muligt. Forfatterne
repræsenterer – ud over antropologien – arkitektur, performancedesign, semiotik samt
tekniske og naturvidenskabelige fag. Så godt som alle artikler er baseret på empiriske
studier, der i sagens natur også har forskellige udgangspunkter, genstandsfelter og
metode: fra tekniske målinger, der registrerer objektive værdier, til interviews, der beskriver
subjektive vurderinger af lydes karakter og betydning. Denne faglige bredde kommer
også til udtryk i en terminologi, der – for antropologer – måske er en smule eksotisk.
Septimakkorder, efterklangstid og det energiækvivalente lydtryksniveau er blot nogle af
de fremmede fagord, som tidsskriftets læsere vil støde på.
BLINDHEDENSAKUSTISKE HORISONTER: Om auditive kundskaber og en akustisk virkelighed
Authors: Lundberg Pia 
Published: August 2021

With reference to the pioneering research of the few anthropologists, who have made
sound an object of analysis, the article presents the author’s research in a blind community,
thereby calling to attention sound, soundscape, sound-knowledge and sound-skills.
The author takes a point of departure in empirical data from her fieldwork among blind
children and youth in Denmark 2000-2005. An example of the research field is the virtual
world of a computer game for the blind, which shows the difficulty of grasping the reality
of the surrounding world, when this reality consists of sound and sound materiality. The
article proposes that the players of the computer game create soundscapes, for example,
how a pole by the road utters a kind of pole speech, or that a farmhouse in the Wild West
makes its presence through significant farm-acoustics. In addition to new insights on
blindness, the blind lifeworld and other perceptual horizons and skills, the study offers
a cultural, scientific opening into objectifying both sound and sound perception as
cultural phenomena, hence to expand an understanding of sound, acoustics and the
auditory.
AT HØRE, AT HØRE EFTER, AT HØRE TIL: Strategier i forbindelse med høretab og høreapparater
Authors: Bisgaard Susanne 
Published: August 2021

As long as the sense of hearing remains intact, the individual can participate in the
negotiation and production of social and cultural values in the contexts to which she or
he ascribes a meaning. But what happens when the sounds are muffled? The handling of
hearing loss is subject to substantial individual differences – some wish to participate in
all social contexts, others wish only to uphold contact to specific segments of the lifeworld.
The hard of hearing may be excluded from a number of contexts, but the hearing aid may
be a help to retain a position. Some use them in all their waking hours, others only in
specific contexts. The difference is due to physiological and technological circumstances,
because no two hearing losses are perceived in the same way. Moreover, the technology
of the hearing aid may help the user to hear better, but it does not restore natural hearing.
Typically, the hard of hearing go through a process, in which the physical hearing loss
is related to the lifeworld. In this process the individual moves from being a normal
hearing person to being hard of hearing. Being hard of hearing differed for the informants
from a wish to participate in social life to an utter loss of one’s functioning and a concern
with bodily appearance.