bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reviews and Self-Selection Bias with Operational Implications
Authors: Chen Ningyuan , Li Anran , Talluri Kalyan 
Published: May 2021

Reviews for products and services written by previous consumers have become an influential input to the purchase decision of customers. Many service businesses monitor the reviews closely for feedback as well as detecting service flaws, and they have become part of the performance review for service managers with rewards tied to improvement in the aggregate rating. Many empirical papers have documented a bias in the aggregate ratings, arising because of customers’ inherent self-selection in their choices and bounded rationality in evaluating previous reviews. Although there is a vast empirical literature analyzing reviews, theoretical models that try to isolate and explain the bias in ratings are relatively few. Assuming consumers simply substitute the average rating that they see as a proxy for quality, we give a precise characterization of the self-selection bias on ratings of an assortment of products when consumers confound ex ante innate preferences for a product or service with ex post experience and service quality and do not separate the two. We develop a parsimonious choice model for consumer purchase decisions and show that the mechanism leads to an upward bias, which is more pronounced for niche products. Based on our theoretical characterization, we study the effect on pricing and assortment decisions of the firm when potential customers purchase based on the biased ratings. Our results give insights into how quality, prices, and customer feedback are intricately tied together for service firms. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, operations management.
Comparison of Dry Matter Loss Rates from Static and Dynamic Grain Respiration Measurement Systems for Soybeans at 18% Moisture Content and 30°C
Authors: Gatsakos Ana B. , Trevisan Lucas R. , Sood Kaneeka , Danao Mary-Grace C. , Rausch Kent D. , Gates Richard S. 
Published: May 2021

HighlightsDesign, description, and comparison of static (S) and dynamic (D) grain respiration measurement systems (GRMS).No differences were detected between dry matter loss rates (vDML) from S-GRMS and D-GRMS for soybeans at 18% moisture content and 30°C stored for 20 d.Literature reports variable vDML estimates for soybeans stored in S-GRMS and D-GRMS; more studies should be conducted with a wider range of storage conditions before developing maximum allowable safe storage time guidelines.Abstract. Time to reach 0.5% dry matter loss (DML) is the estimated maximum allowable storage time (MAST) for shelled corn and has been suggested for use with other grains. Respiration studies have reported various estimates of this threshold depending on the type of grain respiration measurement system (GRMS) and storage conditions tested. The objectives of this study were (1) to design and evaluate two GRMS in which oxygen needed for respiration was limited in a static system (S-GRMS) or continuously supplied in a dynamic system (D-GRMS) during storage and (2) to compare the effects of GRMS on DML rates (vDML) for 18% moisture content soybeans stored at 30°C for 20 d. In this study, S-GRMS and D-GRMS units were designed to conduct respiration tests. Respired CO2 (mg CO2) was measured over time and used to calculate the specific mass of respired CO2 (mg CO2 kg-1 d.b. beans) and subsequent DML (%) using stoichiometric ratios from the respiration chemical reaction. DML rates, vDML (% d-1), were estimated by least squares linear regression of DML and time data. Four replications of respiration tests were conducted in each GRMS. Average estimates of vDML were 0.0157% d-1 and 0.0189% d-1 for S-GRMS and D-GRMS, respectively. Mean vDML from D-GRMS tests was 1.2 times greater than mean vDML from S-GRMS but not statistically different (p = 0.09). However, the coefficient of variation was 8 times greater for D-GRMS than for S-GRMS. More studies with a wider range of storage conditions should be conducted for development of a safety factor between both systems prior to using data from respiration of soybeans in the literature to estimate MAST. Keywords: Dry matter loss, Grain storage, Respiration, Soybeans.
Evaluating Rare Earth Elements as Tracers of Fluvial Processes: Fine Sediment Transport and Deposition in a Small Stream
Authors: Govenor Heather , Hession W. Cully , Keys Tyler A. , Jones C. Nathan , Stewart Ryan D. , Krometis Leigh-Anne H. 
Published: May 2021

HighlightsNatural sediments labeled with rare earth elements can effectively be used as tracers for quantifying fine sediment transport and deposition.Two artificial floods in a small stream (100 ha watershed, 1.5 year return flow of 515 L s-1) transported fine sediment 0 m to &gt;850 m at a maximum flow rate of 55 L s-1.Sediment deposition per unit area was greater in the channel than in the near-channel floodplain.Use of two distinct tracers demonstrated resuspension extent during sequential high-flow events.Presence of large wood in the channel was associated with reduced streamflow rate, decreased suspended sediment transport velocity, increased channel sediment deposition, and reduced near-floodplain sediment deposition.Abstract. Effective sediment management requires an understanding of the lag time between best management practice implementation and observable changes in the target water body. To improve our understanding of sediment lag times, we tested a method to label locally sourced sediments with rare earth elements to quantify fine sediment flow-through and storage in fluvial systems. We injected sediments labeled with lanthanum and ytterbium into a small stream during two artificial flood events. During the floods, we collected and quantified suspended sediments and sediment deposition in the stream channel and floodplain at four cross-sections within our study reach. Two down-gradient (90 m and 850 m) time-integrated suspended sediment samplers evaluated total travel distance. Sediment tracer observations of particle transport distances ranged from 0 m to at least 850 m at a maximum flow rate of 55 L s-1 (stream 1.5 year flow was 515 L s-1). Sediment deposition per unit area was greater in the channel than in the floodplain. The majority of sediment tracer mass injected into the stream entered storage within the first 69 m of the reach. Some particles that deposited following the first flood were resuspended and either transported downstream or redeposited within the study reach. Our results support the further use of rare earth elements as sediment tracers to inform water quality and sediment transport models, and to provide estimates of lag times between management actions and downstream improvements. Keywords: Fine sediment, Flood, Fluvial geomorphology, Lag time, Large wood, Rare earth elements, Sediment deposition, Sediment transport, Tracer.
Using an Improved YOLOv4 Deep Learning Network for Accurate Detection of Whitefly and Thrips on Sticky Trap Images
Authors: Wang Dujin , Wang Yizhong , Li Ming , Yang Xinting , Wu Jianwei , Li Wenyong 
Published: May 2021

HighlightsThe proposed method detected thrips and whitefly more accurately than previous methods.The proposed method demonstrated good robustness to illumination reflections and different pest densities.Small pest detection was improved by adding large-scale feature maps and more residual units to a shallow network.Machine vision and deep learning created an end-to-end model to detect small pests on sticky traps in field conditions.Abstract. Pest detection is the basis of precise control in vegetable greenhouses. To improve the detection accuracy and robustness for two common small pests (whitefly and thrips) in greenhouses, this study proposes a novel small object detection approach based on the YOLOv4 model. Yellow sticky trap (YST) images at the original resolution (2560 × 1920 pixels) were collected using pest monitoring equipment in a greenhouse. The images were then cropped and labeled to create sub-images (416 × 416 pixels) to construct an experimental dataset. The labeled images used in this study (900 training, 100 validation, and 200 test) are available for comparative studies. To enhance the model’s ability to detect small pests, the feature map at the 8-fold downsampling layer in the backbone network was merged with the feature map at the 4-fold downsampling layer to generate a new layer and output a feature map with a size of 104 × 104 pixels. Furthermore, the residual units in the first two residual blocks were enlarged by four times to extract more shallow image features and the location information of target pests to withstand image degradation in the field. The experimental results showed that the mean average precision (mAP) for detection of whitefly and thrips using the proposed approach was improved by 8.2% and 3.4% compared with the YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 models, respectively. The detection performance slightly decreased as the pest densities increased in the YST image, but the mAP value was still 92.7% in the high-density dataset, which indicates that the proposed model has good robustness over a range of pest densities. Compared with previous similar studies, the proposed method has better potential to monitor whitefly and thrips using YSTs in field conditions. Keywords: Deep learning, Greenhouse pest management, Image processing, Pest detection, Small object, YOLOv4.
783 nm wavelength stabilized DBR tapered diode lasers with a 7 W output power
Authors: Sumpf Bernd , Theurer Lara Sophie , Maiwald Martin , Müller André , Maaßdorf André , Fricke Jörg , Ressel Peter , Tränkle Günther 
Published: May 2021

Wavelength stabilized distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) tapered diode lasers at 783 nm will be presented. The devices are based on GaAsP single quantum wells embedded in a large optical cavity leading to a vertical far field angle of about 29° (full width at half maximum). The 3-inch (7.62 cm) wafers are grown using metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. In a full wafer process, 4 mm long DBR tapered lasers are manufactured. The devices consist of a 500 µm long 10th order surface DBR grating that acts as rear side mirror. After that, a 1 mm long ridge waveguide section is realized for lateral confinement, which is connected to a 2.5 mm long flared section having a full taper angle of 6°. At an injection current of 8 A, a maximum output power of about 7 W is measured. At output powers up to 6 W, the measured emission width limited by the resolution of the spectrometer is smaller than 19 pm. Measured at

1

/

e

2

level at this output power, the lateral beam waist width is 11.5 µm, the lateral far field angle 12.5°, and the lateral beam parameter

M

2

2.5. The respective parameters measured using the second moments are 31 µm, 15.2°, and 8.3. 70% of the emitted power is originated from the central lobe.
Optical access network interfaces for 5G and beyond [Invited]
Authors: Saliou Fabienne , Chanclou Philippe , Neto Luiz Anet , Simon Gael , Potet Jeremy , Gay Mathilde , Bramerie Laurent , Debregeas Helene 
Published: May 2021

Point to point (PtP), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and time division multiplexing (TDM) optical interfaces are discussed as solutions for backhaul, midhaul, and fronthaul networks. The evolution of radio access networks (RANs) for 5G and beyond is introduced and PtP is identified as the most deployed solution, with many transceiver technologies available to cover the different needs for each RAN configuration. WDM and TDM interfaces remain of interest when a lack of fiber occurs. WDM technologies are being adapted to answer to this RAN market with the appearance of medium-WDM (MWDM) and autotunable dense-WDM (DWDM) transceivers. TDM technologies are trying to evolve towards higher bit rates and lower latency to cope with RAN backhaul specifications. A gap in the transceiver technologies is identified for each of those interface types and also for bit rates above 25 Gbit/s that will impose more complex optics, electronics, and integration.
Low-dose theophylline in addition to ICS therapy in COPD patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shuai Tiankui , Zhang Chuchu , Zhang Meng , Wang Yalei , Xiong Huaiyu , Huang Qiangru , Liu Jian 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundA synergism has been reported between theophylline and corticosteroids, wherein theophylline increases and restores the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) by enhancing histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC) activity. Several studies have explored the efficacy of low-dose theophylline plus ICS therapy on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but the results are discrepant.MethodWe conducted searches in electronic database such as PubMed, Web Of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase to find out original studies. Stata/SE 15.0 was used to perform all data analysis.ResultA total of 47,556 participants from 7 studies were included in our analysis and the sample size of each study varied from 24 to 10,816. Theophylline as an add-on therapy to ICS was not associated with the reduction of COPD exacerbations (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.19,I2= 95.2%). Instead, the theophylline group demonstrated a higher hospitalization rate (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.15,I2= 20.4%) and mortality (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.25,I2= 0%). Further, the anti-inflammatory effect of low-dose theophylline as an adjunct to ICS on COPD was controversial. Besides, the theophylline group showed significant improvement in lung function compared with the non-theophylline group.ConclusionBased on current evidence, low-dose theophylline as add-on therapy to ICS did not reduce the exacerbation rate. Instead, the hospitalization rate and mortality increased with theophylline. Thus, we do not recommend adding low-dose theophylline to ICS therapy in COPD patients.Trial registrationPROSPERO RegistrationCRD42021224952.
Higher prevalence of incidental findings identified upon coronary calcium score assessment in type 2 and type 3 diabetes versus type 1 diabetes
Authors: Gaudillière Mélanie , Marsot Charlotte , Balaire Laetitia , Groisne Laure , Moret Myriam , Villar-Fimbel Sylvie , Douek Philippe , Moulin Philippe , Charrière Sybil 
Published: May 2021

Aim
Noninvasive assessment of infraclinic coronary atherosclerosis by coronary artery calcium score (CAC) measurement leads to the identification of incidental findings. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of incidental findings following systematic CAC assessment in diabetic patients with high cardiovascular risk, to identify the determinants, and to assess the midterm consequences of these findings in patient care.

Methods
732 consecutive asymptomatic patients (187 type 1 diabetes (TD1), 482 type 2 diabetes (TD2) and 63 type 3 diabetes (TD3)) aged 60.6±0.7 years who had a CAC assessment by Multiple Detector Computed Tomography between 2015 and 2017 were systematically included. Clinical and biological data were collected from medical electronic files.

Results
117/732 diabetic patients (16.0%) had incidental findings of which 105 (14.3%) were unknown. Incidental findings were more frequent in TD3 (23.8%) and TD2 (17.0%) than in TD1 (10.7%) (p = 0.05). 76 diabetic patients (10.4%) had lung abnormalities, mainly pulmonary nodules (31 patients, 4.2%). The other incidental finding were pericardial (1.5%), vascular (1.2%), thymic (0.7%) and digestive diseases (0.5%). 42.6% of patients with incidental findings had an additional TDM and 56.8% a specialized medical advice. In 10 patients (9.3% of incidental findings), the identification of incidental finding led to a specific treatment of the underlying disease. In multivariate analysis, microalbuminuria, type of diabetes (TD2/TD3 vs TD1) and smoking were significantly associated with incidental findings (p = 0.003; p = 0.026; p = 0.050 respectively).

Conclusions
Incidental findings are not rare in diabetic patients upon CAC assessment. A fraction of them are accessible to specific treatment. These findings raise the question if a systematic low dose chest TDM should be conducted in TD2 or TD3 patients and in any diabetic smokers by enlarging the window used for CAC assessment.
Effect of the FIFA 11+ soccer specific warm up programme on the incidence of injuries: A cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nuhu Assuman , Jelsma Jennifer , Dunleavy Kim , Burgess Theresa 
Published: May 2021

Background
Soccer players incur injuries that typically affect their performance. Injuries are caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors that call for multifactorial preventive interventions. The study examines the impact of the FIFA 11+ warm up programme on the incidence and severity of injuries in second division soccer players in Rwanda.

Methods
Twelve teams (309 players) were randomised in the intervention group and 12 teams (317 players) in the control group using a cluster randomized controlled trial with teams as the unit of randomization. Intervention group teams implemented the FIFA 11+ soccer specific warm-up programme during training and matches at least three times a week over seven months of the Rwandan soccer season. Control group teams continued with usual warm up exercises. The primary outcome of this study was the overall incidence of training and match injuries. Injuries, training and match exposure as well as severity categories were recorded per the F-MARC guidelines.

Results
A lower proportion of players sustained injuries in the intervention group (52%) compared to the control group (63%) (Odd ratio: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.5–0.9). A significantly lower rate ratio was observed in the intervention group for overall (RR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.5–0.8) and match (RR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.5–0.8) injuries. Compliance to the injury prevention programme was 77%. In the intervention group, the incidence of injury was similar across all teams and across the medium and highly compliant teams. There was a statistically significant 55% and 71% reduction of the rate of moderate and severe injuries in the intervention group respectively.

Conclusion
The 11+ warm up injury prevention programme resulted in a significant reduction in the odds of sustaining injuries. In addition, injuries sustained were less severe. The programme should be rolled out to all teams in Rwanda and may well result in a decrease in the incidence and severity of injury in similar contexts.

Trial registration
Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR201505001045388).
Fashioning China: Precarious Creativity and Women Designers in Shanzhai Culture, Sara Liao (2020)
Authors: Jin Yating 
Published: May 2021

Review of: Fashioning China: Precarious Creativity and Women Designers in Shanzhai Culture, Sara Liao (2020)
London: Pluto Press, 203 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-74534-069-2, h/bk, £75.00
ISBN 978-0-74534-070-8, p/bk, £29.99
La Revista La enseñanza Primaria: una publicación por y para profesores. México, 1901-1911
Authors: Meníndez Martínez Rosalía 
Published: May 2021

En este artículo me enfocaré en el estudio de la revista La Enseñanza Primaria, publicación dirigida a los maestros empíricos, así como a los normalistas. Parto del supuesto de que esta revista incidió en la política educativa nacional, pues su labor cultural y pedagógica se expandió tanto en la capital como en otras entidades del país y del extranjero, a través de la publicación de artículos, conferencias, traducciones, clases y diversas comunicaciones. Sus autores difundieron nuevos planteamientos pedagógicos y educativos para el magisterio. A finales del siglo xix el gobierno de Porfirio Díaz favoreció la profesionalización de los maestros en las Escuelas Normales; en estos espacios se formaron los intelectuales educativos más influyentes del país, los cuales buscaron espacios para debatir, crear y difundir el pensamiento pedagógico moderno.
Me planteo las siguientes preguntas: ¿Las revistas periódicas representan un mecanismo de formación educativa para el magisterio? ¿Cuál era el objetivo de una revista de maestros y para maestros?
SOMATIC AND OTHER BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF COVID-19 VACCINATION: LEGAL MEASURES TO SUPPORT SOCIETY AND BUSINESS DURING THE POST-PANDEMIC ERA IN RUSSIA
Authors: Gulyaeva Elena Evgenyevna , Trikoz Elena Nikolaevna 
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the review is to comprehend the current trends in emergency rule-making in Russia and the restrictive practices introduced in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to new challenges, the Russian authorities have developed a kind of "rule-making vaccine". The introduction of new legislation, especially at the local level of Russian Federation, was accompanied by both long-term state support of business structures and the "freezing of the Russian economy." The situation of "unofficial testing" of a vaccine against COVID-19, facts of violation of the fundamentals of clinical trials, the norms of Russian legislation and generally recognized international standards in the field of clinical testing of drugs are analyzed. According to the position of the World Health Organization (WHO) the right to health imposes on the States a legal obligation to ensure timely access to adequate levels of high-quality health care, clean and safe drinking water, sanitation, adequate nutrition, shelter, health-related information and education, gender equality. As a result, the considerable amount of attention is paid to the analysis of the content of general and specific legal instruments at the national level to Support Society and Business During the Post-Pandemic Era in Russia.
AS FEMINILIDADES NOS LIVROS PARA A INFÂNCIA DO ACERVO DAS OBRAS COMPLEMENTARES DO PROGRAMA PACTO NACIONAL PELA ALFABETIZAÇÃO NA IDADE CERTA
Authors: Alves da Silva Stefanelli Francisca , Xavier Filha Constantina 
Published: May 2021

A pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar a constituição de feminilidades nos livros para a infância que integraram os acervos das obras complementares do programa Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC). Os pressupostos teóricos foram os Estudos Culturais, Estudos de Gênero, Estudos Feministas e pressupostos foucaultianos. A pesquisa documental, que norteou as análises dos livros selecionados, teve como problemática: Quais são os modelos de feminilidades produzidas e/ou veiculadas nos livros para as infâncias? Quais identidades femininas são legitimadas nesses livros? Analisamos um total de 180 livros do acervo das obras complementares distribuídos nas séries iniciais do 1º ao 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para a pesquisa, foi realizada a seleção de 26 livros, observando seus textos e ilustrações. Concluímos que os livros infantis mostram uma feminilidade construída seja a hegemônica seja a diferentemente das que se convencionou socialmente desejada.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Feminilidades. Gênero. Livros para a Infância.
Contesting Waters: Queer Signifying in La ciénaga and La niña santa by Lucrecia Martel
Authors: Kroll Juli A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Argentinean director Lucrecia Martel’s La ciénaga (2001) and La niña santa (2004) explore the problematics of queer representation using thematic and formal elements. La ciénaga posits queer desire as a source of shame and the lesbian body as un-representable within dominant, heteronormative signifying modes. La niña santa demonstrates plural female gazing and the reciprocal gaze outside of gendered binaries of power and submission. Using the swimming pool and water to stage queer signifying, the films include same-sex desire and homosociality, with elements that disrupt spectatorial expectations for spatial and acoustic representations.