bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POST-DISCHARGE PREVENTION OF DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS FOLLOWING TOTAL JOINT REPLACEMENT
Authors: Fitzgerald Robert H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Recent prospective studies demonstrate that the peak incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs on the fifth postoperative day. If the patient is to be discharged from an acute care facility on day 3 through 6, then the patient will be removed from direct supervision by professionals - frequently observing the patient in an acute care hospital during the high-risk period for the development of DVT or pulmonary embolism. In addition, the period of vulnerability for the development of thromboembolic disease in this group of patients appears to occur for an extended period of time, eg, 3 months.
This change in practice has altered the surgeon's approach to the selection of agents for the prevention of thromboembolic complications. Most surgeons wish to administer an agent in the acute care setting that can be continued after the patient is discharged to the rehabilitation facility, subacute care facility, or home. This information reflects the belief of most orthopedic surgeons that prophylactic therapy should be continued beyond the time frame in which the patient is confined to the acute care facility. Although progress has been made in identifying effective prophylactic agents, questions remain as to the appropriate duration of prophylaxis. Based upon available data, it would appear that prophylaxis against thromboembolic disorders should be continued until the patient is spending the majority of his or her day ambulating with or without external aides.
Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis or Asthma Receiving Corticosteroid Therapy
Authors: Colwell Clifford W , Robinson Charles A , Stevenson Donald D , Vint Vinton C , Morris Beverly A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The utilization of corticosteroids in the management of acute and chronic inflammatory processes, such as asthma or inflammatory arthritis, has been implicated in the adverse effects of multiple organ systems. One potential area of these negative consequences in the use of corticosteroids is the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. A direct time/dosage relationship for treatment with corticosteroids of patients with an established diagnosis of asthma or inflammatory arthritis and femoral osteonecrosis is unknown. A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the use of corticosteroids and the incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head and potentially establish a time/dosage relationship in this patient population. No direct relationship between corticosteroid dosage and the development of femoral head osteonecrosis in 1420 hip-years was demonstrated at 1 0-year follow up.
The Post-Discharge Prophylactic Management of the Orthopedic Patient With Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin: Enoxaparin
Authors: Nilsson Paul E , Bergqvist David , Benoni Göran , Björgell Ola , Fredin Hans , Hedlund Urban , Nicolas Sylvain , Nylander Göran 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This prospective, double-blind trial was performed to determine whether 4 weeks' prophylaxis with enoxaparin after total hip replacement (THR) is more effective in protecting against deep vein thrombosis (DVT) than prophylaxis during hospitalization. Two hundred sixty-two patients undergoing THR were given enoxaparin 40 mg once daily during hospitalization (9 ± 2 days) before being randomized at discharge to continue enoxaparin (N=131) or receive placebo (N=131) for a total of 1 month (30 ± 4 days). According to intention-to-treat analysis, 43 DVT and 2 pulmonary emboli (PE) occurred in the placebo group (34.4%) versus 21 DVT and no PE in the enoxaparin group (P<0.001). The reduction in proximal DVT was also significant (21.4 vs 6.1%; P<0.001). No major bleeding complications developed. Prophylaxis with enoxaparin for one month significantly reduces venous thromboembolic disease in patients undergoing THR compared to conventional prophylaxis during hospitalization.
Newborn Clavicle Fractures
Authors: McBride Mark T , Hennrikus William L , Mologne Timothy S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A prospective screening program of 9106 newborns identified 43 infants with clavicle fractures for a prevalence of 1 fracture in every 213 live births (0.5%). The fractures were equally distributed by right and left side involvement and male and female sex. All fractures occurred during vaginal deliveries. None were breech presentation. Risk factors for fracture included large birthweight, shoulder dystocia, mechanically assisted delivery, and prolonged gestational age. One in 11 newborns with a clavicle fracture also had a brachial plexus palsy.
The Location of the Spinal Nerve Root on Plain Radiographs of the Cervical Spine
Authors: Ebraheim Nabil A , Reader Doug , Xu Rongming , Yeasting Richard A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Twelve cervical spines from C2 to T1 were harvested from embalmed cadavers to study the location of the nerve root on plain radiographs. After removal of the soft tissue, the spinal nerves just lateral to the transverse processes were exposed and injected with lead oxide. Plain radiographs including anteroposterior (AP) and left and right oblique views were taken. Angular and linear measurements were performed directly on the radiographs.
Results showed that the average frontal angle of the nerve root for all levels was 1 55° on the AP view, 108° on the foraminal side of the oblique view, and 153° on the opposite side of the oblique view. The nerve root height for all levels averaged 4.7±0.5 mm. The interpedicular space height increased consistently from 7.8±0.7 mm at C3-C4 to 9.0±1.3 mm at C6-C7 except at C2-C3. The nerve root height with respect to the interpedicular space height was 56.2% at C2-C3, 57.8% at C4-C5, and 53.7% at C6-C7. A knowledge of the location of the cervical nerve root related to plain radiographs may enhance the value of plain radiographs in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical spinal disorders.
Early Rehabilitation After a Modified Inferior Capsular Shift Procedure for Multidirectional Instability of the Shoulder
Authors: Nixon Robert T , Lindenfeld Thomas N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Sixteen patients with multidirectional instability of the shoulder underwent an inferior capsular shift procedure with suture anchor augmentation and participated in an early motion and strengthening program. Postoperative rehabilitation included use of a sling with 0° to 90° elevation allowed during the first 3 weeks. All patients began isometric shoulder exercise by 3 weeks and initiated progressive resistance exercises by 6 weeks postsurgery.
After an average 20 months of follow-up, 1 4 patients were evaluated for pain, function, range of motion, stability, and activity level. Pain and function improved significantly. No patient reported postoperative subluxation or dislocation, and ? of 14 patients had returned to their premorbid activity level.
Long-Term Results of the Operative Treatment of Clubfoot: A Representative Study
Authors: Kránicz János , Than Péter , Kustos Tamás 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study reports the long-term results of operative treatment of clubfoot. Of the patients who underwent posteromedial release for congenital clubfoot between 1972 and 1975 at the Medical University in Pecs, Hungary, 41 feet of 30 patients have been under control examination. Control consisted of the distribution of questionnaires, physical examination, and in some cases, radiologic analysis.
At an average of 20 years postsurgery, good clinical results were observed in 31 (75%) feet. In these patients. satisfying foot form and good function were achieved, yet the characteristic atrophy of the calf and shortening of the foot were visible. Abnormal conditions were found in 1 0 feet, consisting of overcorrection in 6 and undercorrection in 4 cases. Subjective judgment of the patients was considerably better; only 5 (1 2%) feet had no satisfying results. Data of feet in an incorrect position were analyzed and compared with other cases. In cases of feet operated on in patients aged s*1 year and in patients who underwent multiple operations, abnormalities were found in a significantly higher percentage.
A Simple Outpatient Test for Proprioception in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knee
Authors: Al-Othman Abdullah , Moussa Mohammed , Eraky Mohammed Zakaria 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Proprioception was quantified in 32 patients who had an arthroscopically documented complete anterior cruciate ligament tear using a simple single-limb standing test. An age-matched control group underwent identical testing. Control subjects demonstrated identical values between their two limbs, with the mean variation being 4.8%. The test group, however, showed significantly higher mean values for the injured compared with the noninjured limb, the mean variation being 43.8%. Patients who have a complete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament may experience a decline in proprioceptive function of their knees. This can be tested clinically using a simple single-limb standing test in an outpatient setting.
Outpatient ACL Reconstruction Using Intraoperative Local Analgesia and Oral Postoperative Pain Medication
Authors: Aronowitz Eric R , Kleinbart Frederic A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Thirty-five consecutive anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions were performed in an ambulatory surgical unit using a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft. Patients, were evaluated postoperativeiy to determine the amount of pain medication used, the readmission rate, postoperative complications, and cost. Outpatient ACL reconstruction led to a savings of $4700 compared with the cost of performing the same procedure in a hospital operating room with an overnight admission. This study demonstrates that outpatient ACL reconstruction, using local analgesia intraoperatively and oral narcotic pain medication postoperatively, is a safe and cost-effective procedure with minimal to no morbidity.
Flexor Tendon Suture Methods: A Quantitative Analysis of Suture Material Within the Repair Site
Authors: Norris Steven R , Ellis Frank D , Chen Michael I , Seiler John G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study compared the cross-sectional area and volume occupied by suture material at the repair site in three common methods of flexor tendon repair. A total of 5) human cadaveric tendons were studied. Zone M flexor digitorum profundus tendon lacerations were created and then repaired using the techniques described by Kessler, Tajima, and Savage. Quantitative cross-sectional area and volumetric measurements of suture material within each repair site were determined using a digital image analysis system. The Tajima repair occupied 27% of the tendon area at the repair site, while the Savage and Kessler repairs occupied 18% and 2%, respectively.
Role of Pin Traction in Wound Closure
Authors: Sangwan S S , Sharma Vinod , Siwach R C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study examined the role of pin traction in wound closure. Forty patients comprised the study population. Wounds treated were on legs, thighs, and forearms. Kirschner wires were passed around margins of the wound and interconnected with stainless steel wires, which were gradually tightened to approximate the wound edges to healing. Final results were excellent in 18 (45%), good in 13 (32.%), fair in 5 (12.%), and poor in 4 (1%) patients. The main complication was cutting through the wires. The results were unsatisfactory in old, scarred, and large wounds.
The Impact of Simulated Distal Interphalangeal Joint Fusion on Grip Strength
Authors: Morgan William J , Schulz Lisa A , Chang Joseph L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study assessed the impact of distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint fusion on grip strength and how this may be related to a profundus quadriga. Nineteen adults (12 men and 7 women) with an average age of 32.6 years (range: 24-6-1 years) underwent a series of grip strength measurements with simulation of DIP arthrodesis to the index, long, and index and long (index-long) fingers. The nondominant hand served as a control for the testing. All participants were tested in the same manner: baseline dominant and nondominant hands without DIP block followed by blocking of DIP flexion on the dominant hand only for index, index-long, and long finger alone. Nondominant hands also were tested each time, but without blocking to serve as a control for normal changes in grip strength with repeated testing. Grip strength values were compared to baseline for each trial using the Student's t test. Significant decreases in grip strength were seen for all DIP blocking compared with baseline, but no significant differences were noted in the equivalent trial in the nondominant, nonblocked hand. These findings may have clinical relevance when performing DIP arthrodesis.
Transfusion in Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Gainor John W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Blood transfusion requirements were analyzed in 102 total knee arthroplasties in 92 patients. All components were cemented, and no postoperative drainage was used. Six patients received transfusions; two of these patients received transfusions for symptoms and four received transfusions prophylactically. These findings do not support the routine practice of preoperative autologous blood donation.
Histopathological Characterization of Melorheostosis
Authors: Hoshi Kazuto , Amizuka Norio , Kurokawa Takahide , Nakamura Kozo , Shiro Ryoji , Ozawa Hidehiro 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Melorheostotic bone was examined histopathologicalIy. In the severely affected areas, an abundance of osteoid and increased angiogenesis was observed. Increased osteoid without mineralization indicated the overproduction of bone matrix. Bone resorption also appeared to increase because osteoclasts were numerous in melorheostotic bone, thus suggesting a high rate of bone turnover. In addition, transforming growth factor-ß was immunolocalized in the periosteal fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells surrounding vessels, endothelial cells, and osteoblasts, while basic fibroblast growth factor was found in endothelial cells and mast cells near vessels. These cytokines may have some association with the exuberant bone matrix production and angiogenesis in melorheostosis.
Triple Innominate Osteotomy in Young Adults for the Treatment of Acetabular Dysplasia: A 9-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Peters Christopher L , Fukushima Brian W , Park Tammy K , Coleman Sherman S , Dunn Harold K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Fifty patients who underwent 60 triple innominate osteotomies were reviewed radiographically and clinically using a modified Harris hip score (HHS). Average patient age was 26 years (range: 13-48 years). At average 9-year follow-up (range: 5-14 years), 12 (20%) hips had been converted to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 4 (7%) hips had incapacitating pain. Sixteen (27%) hips were considered failures. Average modified HHS at final follow-up was 67 (range: 28-91). Forty-nine (98%) of 50 patients reported they would recommend the procedure to others in the same situation. Radiographically, there was significant improvement in the center-to-edge angle of Wiberg and the acetabular angle of Sharp. There also was a statistically significant relationship between failure of the osteotomy and severity of preexisting hip arthrosis as measured by the Tonnis criteria. The results demonstrate triple innominate osteotomy was effective in eliminating pain, but the fact that 27% of hips required or will require THA indicates results may deteriorate with time.
Incidence of Bilateral Proximal Femoral Fractures in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Kaper Bertrand P , Mayor Michael B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Over a 7-year period, a total of 545 osteoporotic fractures involving the proximal femur were treated at our institution. Twenty-nine patients sustained fractures of both hips, representing an overall incidence of bilateral hip fractures of approximately 5.5%. Of the 29 patients with bilateral hip fractures, adequate records and radiographs were avaialable for 28. There was a significant similarity between fracture patterns in the majority of bilateral hip fracture patients: 18 (64%) patients demonstrated similar fracture patterns on both sides. In these 18 patients, the average interval between fractures was approximately 1.7 years; in the remaining 10 patients, in whom the fractures were of dissimilar nature, the average interval between fractures was approximately 3.5 years.
These findings suggest that at least 1 in 20 patients who sustain a fracture about the hip can expect to suffer a fracture involving the contralateral side. Moreover, the difference in the average interval for fractures of similar nature compared to fractures of dissimilar nature suggests the effects of physiologic age and the accordant changes in bone architecture play a larger role in predicting subsequent fracture pattern.
Effectiveness of Suction Drainage After Primary or Revision Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ashraf T , Darmanis S , Krikler S J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Postoperative suction drainage of a surgical wound is aimed at evacuation of wound hematoma. This study evaluated the effectiveness of suction drainage in joint replacement surgery. Surgical wounds in 206 patients with primary or revision hip and knee arthroplasty were assessed according to a set criteria. Forty-eight hours postoperatively, wound hematoma and exudate formation were not related to the use of suction drains. A greater tendency of wound oozing was seen in revision hip arthroplasty performed with postoperative suction drainage. Therefore, postoperative suction drainage did not affect hematoma formation or wound oozing and is thus considered an unnecessary practice.
An Evaluation of Paper-and-Pencil and Computer-Assisted Simulations
Authors: Schleutermann Joanna A , Holzemer William L , Farrand Linda L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two formats of delivering clinical simulations for nurse practitioners were evaluated in this study. The two formats included paper-and-pencil, latent-image format, and computer-assisted instruction. Twelve students in a graduate family nurse practitioner curriculum were the subjects. They reported no preference for type of format nor were any differences observed in student performance when comparing the two formats. The cost for the latent-image format was estimated at approximately $8500 and the cost for computer simulation at approximately $10,500. The implications of these findings for nursing curriculums are discussed.
Criterion-Referenced Definitions for Rating Scales in Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Bondy Kathleen Nowak 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The evaluation of clinical competence of nursing students is often considered subjective and inconsistent. To avoid these pitfalls, the author developed criteria for a five-point rating scale for evaluation of student clinical performance. This rating system may be applied to any professional behavior and provides the student with diagnostic feedback as well as a fair assessment of performance.
Do Baccalaureate Students Possess Basic Mathematics Proficiency?
Authors: Bindler Ruth , Bayne Tina 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Since 1979, over 700 junior level baccalaureate nursing students at the Intercollegiate Center for Nursing Education (ICNE) in Spokane, Washington, have had their basic mathematical skills tested, using a teacher constructed examination. The "Mathematics Proficiency Exam" utilized evaluates the nursing students ability to add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and percentages. Ratios, proportions, and problems are also included in the exam.
The results of the testing have been surprising. From 9% to 38% of each student group tested have been unable to pass all parts of the examination at the 70% level. These findings have led the ICNE to require basic mathematical proficiency via the "Mathematics Proficiency Exam," developed by the authors, as a criterion for admission to the upper division nursing major. Subsequently, competence in medication calculation skills has been required within the first clinical course at the ICNE via a second teacher-constructed examination.
Infection Control Programmed Instruction: An Alternative to Classroom Instruction in Baccalaureate Nursing Education
Authors: Goldrick Barbara , Appling-Stevens Susan , Larson Elaine 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-managed learning in the form of a programmed unit of instruction (PUI) in the basic principles of infection control is an acceptable alternative to a standard lecture format for teaching infection control to nursing students. A sample of 108 subjects was selected from third-year baccalaureate nursing students at two universities. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group was given the pretest, the PUI (treatment), the post-test, and a Likert scale opinionnaire of the PUI. The control group was pretested and presented the same content in a lecture format, then post-tested. A pretest-post-test control group design was used for data analysis and a one-way analysis of covariance was performed on the post-test means of the groups. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to the post-test means of the groups, with pretest scores and educational setting as covariates. Results indicate that nursing students who complete an infection control PUI score higher on post-tests than those who attend a lecture (p < .001), regardless of pretest scores and educational setting. Subjects using the PUI also preferred this format and found the content manageable.
A Comparison of New Graduate and Evaluator Appraisals of Nursing Performance
Authors: Vanetzian Eleanor V , Higgins Millicent G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this longitudinal, descriptive study was to compare new graduate self-appraisals of nursing performance with those of their evaluators and provide information about the length of time new graduates practiced before they and their evaluators agreed about their level of performance. The panel of new graduates and their evaluators were surveyed 6 months and 1 year after graduation using a repeated measures design. The Six-Dimension Scale of Nursing Performance (Schwirian, 1978) operationalized nursing performance and a demographic data form was used to collect background information about both groups. Performance on the six dimensions was rated as satisfactory or above at both data collection periods. Both new graduates and their evaluators rated performance of professional development highest, IPR/ communication next, and teaching/collaboration last. Six months after graduation, the new graduates rated themselves significantly higher than their evaluators on all dimensions except critical care. At 1 year, evaluators rated new graduate performance higher on all subscales than at 6 months. A comparison of new graduates' responses indicated that new graduates evaluated themselves significantly higher at 1 year than at 6 months on the planning/evaluation subscale alone.
The Liberating Effects of RN-to-BSN Education
Authors: Witt Barbara S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study investigated whether postlicensure baccalaureate education was associated with decreased acceptance of oppressed status for nursing and the self, with behavioral changes in job performance, and in joining a professional organization. Selected writings of Freire (1970a, 1970b, 1973) concerning education of the oppressed were used to form the conceptual framework. Baccalaureate education was conceptualized as a means of overcoming oppression-related behaviors and attitudes in nurses. The criterion measures were self-reports of job performance, joining the American Nurses Association (ANA), self-concept measurements, and perception of nursing measured by a semantic differential. Except for self-concept, which remained unchanged, all the findings were in the predicted direction supporting the conceptual framework.