bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved deep domain adversarial neural network with joint maximum mean discrepancy for bearing multi-condition fault diagnosis
Authors: Jiang Xingwang , Yang Xu , Huang Jian , Zhou Xian , Cui Jiarui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The non-Gaussian and other complex forms of data distribution for the speed and load of different bearings are due to various nonlinear factors. When processing data, marginal distribution only focuses on the distribution differences on a single layer and cannot fully capture the joint distribution differences between multiple layers. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a bearing multi-condition fault diagnosis method based on joint adversarial adaptation network. First, joint distribution adaptation is designed to transfer data, establish connections between distribution constraints between layers, form a unified joint distribution, and calculate the joint distribution difference between each layer of the network. Then, the adversarial training method is adopted in the forward propagation process, the target domain data enters the domain classifier through the feature extractor, where it is confused with the source domain. Finally, a dropout layer is added to the feature extractor part to modify the neurons of the hidden layer. The weight update no longer depends on the joint action of fixed relationship nodes, which prevents the fault feature from working only under specific nodes. To have a better generalization performance of the model, different bearing speeds and loads are used for experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the accuracy by 14.27% and 8.07% respectively compared with other methods.
Non-invasive online detection of power circuit breaker timing and asynchronism via phase-space spectral radius analysis
Authors: Yang Qiuyu , Huang Xiaorong , Liu Yawen , Xue Xue , Ruan Jiangjun , Xie Jingyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mechanical condition monitoring of power circuit breakers (CBs) is vital for predictive maintenance, enabling early detection of mechanical issues. However, traditional offline testing methods require the CB to be taken offline, which is inefficient and incurs high maintenance costs. This paper introduces a novel online monitoring scheme for detecting CB contact timing and asynchronism using an enhanced dual threshold method-phase space spectral radius (DTM-PSSR). Vibration signals are initially processed using the DTM for variational mode decomposition. The signal component with the highest correlation to the original signal is selected for PSSR reconstruction. The reconstructed energy spectrum identifies the energy peak, used to calculate asynchronism and contact timing. This method employs a single accelerometer to directly capture relevant parameters without the need to take the CB offline, providing a practical, non-invasive solution for online CB monitoring and streamlining the maintenance process.
First-principles computational screening of N2 gas adsorption by two-dimensional M2N-MXene
Authors: Yang Jia , Sun Liang , Yan Ruiqi , He Zhi , Xu Wenzhen , Peng Jianhong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The capture and utilization of N2 has been limited by the development of high-performance N2 capture and storage materials, and exploring the adsorption mechanism of N2 and searching for new and efficient N2 adsorption materials are the key to solving this technological challenge. In this study, the adsorption properties of d
4 and d
5 two-dimensional M2N-MXene (M = Sc, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, and Cd) on N2 molecules were investigated based on first principles. The results of cohesion energy, energy band structure and partition density indicate that the 15 M2Ns have excellent stability and electrical properties. In addition, with the lateral N2 molecules obtaining a larger adsorption energy on most of the M2Ns than the cis-N2 molecules, and the adsorption of N2 depends on its interaction with the d-band electrons of M atoms. The adsorption energies, structural and electronic properties of the adsorption systems indicate that the stable structures of Ti2N and Zr2N have a strong binding capacity to N2, and the bond lengths of N2 molecules increase significantly during the adsorption process, implying the weakening of the N–N triple bond, and therefore Ti2N and Zr2N are expected to be the most promising materials for N2 trapping and catalytic reduction, and a simple kinetic thermal stability simulation was done, and it was found that the screened materials may desorb at 500 K. Moreover, the adsorption mechanism between N2 and CO2 is not only selective adsorption but also competitive adsorption. The study of N2 adsorption on M2N-MXene provides theoretical guidance for the exploration of M2N in the field of nitrogen capture, storage and catalytic reduction, which can help to promote the economic value-added of nitrogen.
Mechanics of fused deposition modelling printed novel nested auxetic lattices
Authors: Acharya Antu , Mahato Arjun , Roy Shibayan , DasGupta Anirvan , Jain Atul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Auxetic lattices possess Negative Poisson’s Ratio (NPR), which results in enhanced mechanical properties like indentation resistance, energy absorption etc. However, due to their lowered stiffness and low relative density, these lattices have limitations in structural applications. In this paper, a nesting strategy is proposed to enhance the stiffness of such materials. A thorough study, combining both numerical (finite element based) and experimental analyses, is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. It is shown that the proposed strategy can lead to high (∼up to 17-fold) rise in stiffness whilst retaining significant auxeticity. The in-plane elastic properties have been experimentally determined by performing instrumented tensile tests involving Digital Image Correlation and correlation with the numerical data is established. Subsequently, the stress-strain behavior, specific energy absorption, strain to failure and the failure characteristics are presented confirming superior mechanical attributes of the Nested lattices. An important perspective is the effect of Fused Deposition Modelling process and its suitability for printing complex lattice structures.
High-pressure effects on the crystal structure and critical temperature in superconducting NbB2 and stabilized MoB2
Authors: Yamane Kazuki , Matsumoto Ryo , Yamamoto Takafumi D , Terashima Kensei , Adachi Shintaro , Takeya Hiroyuki , Nagasawa Mitsuharu , Takano Yoshihiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Exploration of superconducting metal diborides with a high critical temperature (T
c) has attracted much attention since the discovery of MgB2. Recently reported high T
c in compressed MoB2 has motivated us to investigate the electrical transport properties under high pressure in other metal diborides. We focus on the relationship between T
c and a stretched c-lattice parameter (c/a), known as a crucial parameter for superconductivity in MgB2, which shows the primary contribution of p electrons to the electronic structure. In this study, the correlation between T
c and c/a is investigated in NbB2- and MoB2-based superconducting diborides, which have totally different electronic structures mainly comprising d electrons from transition metals. Our high-pressure electrical transport measurements and structural analysis revealed that a common positive correlation between T
c and c/a is observed in NbB2, Zr-stabilized MoB2, and these defected systems. Our insights open further avenues for the development of superconducting metal diborides.
Tunable superconducting diode effect in higher-harmonic InSb nanosheet interferometers
Authors: Wu Xingjun , Wang Ji-Yin , Su Haitian , Yan Shili , Pan Dong , Zhao Jianhua , Zhang Po , Xu H Q 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Superconducting diodes, characterized by the nonreciprocal supercurrent flow, have gained significant attention for their potential in dissipationless electronics. This study presents a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) composed of two Al-InSb nanosheet Josephson junctions. Utilizing prepatterned local backgates, we achieve a gate- and flux-tunable superconducting diode with controllable efficiency in both amplitude and sign. Numerical simulations attribute the diode effect to higher harmonics in the current-phase relation. Crucially, fractional Shapiro step experiments provide direct insights into the evolution of these higher harmonics with flux tuning, showcasing significant enhancements in the second-harmonic signatures of the SQUID near half-integer flux quanta. Furthermore, we investigate the microwave-assisted diode response and experimentally show that the polarity of the diode effect can be switched by the microwave power. These results demonstrate the potential of InSb nanosheet-based hybrid devices as highly tunable elements for use in dissipationless electronics.
Anisotropic thermal conductivity in two-dimensional B8Si4: a first-principles study
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Cao Yangyang , Zhu Liyan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report a comprehensive study on the thermal conductivity of two-dimensional (2D) B8Si4 using first-principles calculations and the Peierls–Boltzmann transport equation. Thermal conductivity calculations reveal significant anisotropy, with values of 147.0 Wm−1K−1 along the x direction and 111.0 Wm−1K−1 along the y direction at 300 K. These values are comparable to silicon, highlighting the efficient thermal dissipation capabilities of 2D B8Si4. The major contributions to thermal conductivity come from in-plane acoustic modes (LA and TA), whereas the contribution from out-of-plane acoustic (ZA) modes is relatively minor due to their shorter lifetimes and lower group velocities. The findings suggest that 2D B8Si4 is a promising material for applications in nanoelectronics and thermal management, offering substantial thermal conductivity and anisotropic heat dissipation properties. This study provides a foundational understanding of the thermal properties of 2D B8Si4, paving the way for future research into its potential technological applications.
Theoretical analysis and optimization on nested-ring doped LMA-TDFs in the power scaling of short-wavelength TDFO
Authors: Ren Junjie , Qi Yunfeng , Yu Ting , Tao Mengmeng , He Zhenxing , Ye Xisheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The large-mode-area thulium-doped fiber (LMA-TDF) with a nested-ring doping profile has a smaller doped area and a lower overlap with LP01 mode, which can effectively suppress long-wavelength (>1940 nm) amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) combined with fiber bending techniques. Thulium-doped fiber oscillators (TDFOs) based on this nested-ring doping scheme have advantages in achieving high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) short-wavelength laser output with low heat load. This paper focuses on optimizing the configuration parameters of the nested-ring doping scheme. It evaluates its impact on the output characteristics of the oscillator in the presence of a backward-propagated laser. Results show that using a nested-ring doping scheme of Δ

r

̄

=

0.1
,

r

̄

c

=

0.95

(Δ

r

̄

and

r

̄

c

represent the normalized width and the center-normalized radius of the doping ring, respectively) with a high thulium dopant concentration can achieve the best balance between output power, SNR, and thermal management. Under 200 W co-pumping, the oscillator based on this doping scheme achieved 111 W signal power output, a maximum SNR of 63 dB and the lowest maximum heat load of 27 W m−1, while exhibiting the minimum 1908 nm power drop ratio of 0.0037 W mW−1 when faced with 2000 nm backward-injected laser. An output power exceeding 1 kW at 1908 nm can be theoretically expected by employing the oscillator based on this optimal doping scheme.
Enhancing physics education with IoT: a comprehensive approach to thermal expansion and cooling experiments
Authors: Baotong Somchai , Nedkun Piyanooch , Chinwong Suriya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents an advanced experimental setup designed to enhance the learning experience in physics laboratories by integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The traditional thermal expansion experiment, which typically focuses solely on measuring the expansion of materials due to temperature changes, has been modified to study both thermal expansion and Newton’s law of cooling. The experiment uses various sensors and modules, including ESP32 microcontrollers, DS 18B20 temperature sensors, a digital indicator, and an ESP32 CAM module for online viewing. The modified setup supports real-time data collection, remote monitoring, and comprehensive analysis of multiple related physical phenomena. This IoT-integrated system overcomes the limitations of traditional setups, such as the absence of real-time data visualization and limited analysis capabilities. It provides a more interactive and accessible method for conducting thermal experiments. ThingsBoard Community Edition further enhances the remote accessibility and control of the experimental setup, making it well-suited to remote learning environments. The experimental results show the effectiveness in providing accurate and reliable data, improving the experience.
Spectroscopic study for the role of polymer binding agent in the quasi-harmonic field emission behavior of polymer graphite field emission cathodes
Authors: Allaham Mohammad M , Daradkeh Samer I , Košelová Zuzana , Dallaev Rashid , Sobola Dinara , Knápek Alexandr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Graphite-based microcathodes have shown significant performance when operated as cold field emission electron sources. Specifically mentioned, cathodes that have been prepared from highly ordered pyrolytic graphite and polymer graphite pencil leads. Such cathodes are characterized by low operating voltages, a long lifetime, a cheap fabrication price, and a stable emission current. Recently, it was shown that polymer graphite cold field emission cathodes have a unique quasi-harmonic field emission behavior, where the process included emission of pulses of electrons with relatively higher emission current values. However, this behavior has not been reported for other graphite-based materials. In this paper, we study the effects of the polymer binding agent on the charge carriers’ flow through the surface of polymer graphite using Raman-current spectroscopy. The results from polymer graphite were then compared to cathodes prepared from colloidal graphite conductive paint when deposited on a glass substrate. The results showed that the I(D)/I(G) ratio of polymer graphite had a fluctuating behavior, which was not the case for colloidal graphite, which had a more stable structure.
Load balancing control method for smart grid based on wireless sensor network
Authors: Wei Jie , He Xing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), as the terminal information sensing unit of a smart grid, dynamically adjusts power distribution by monitoring the load situation of the grid in real time, and achieves the balance and optimization of grid load. Therefore, this paper proposes a smart grid load-balancing control method based on wireless sensor networks. This method uses wireless sensor nodes deployed at key locations in the power grid to collect operational data and utilizes a hybrid paper swarm algorithm for data processing and analysis to accurately predict and intelligently regulate power grid loads, thereby effectively improving the operational efficiency and stability of the power grid. The experimental results show that the smart grid load balancing control method based on wireless sensor networks proposed in this paper can accurately predict the grid load and effectively achieve load balancing and optimization. Compared with traditional methods, this method has higher prediction accuracy, faster response speed, and stronger robustness.
A multi-channel meter smart communication method based on low-voltage power line broadband carrier
Authors: Si Yadong , Wang Lei , Zhang Honghao , Chen Huayu , Guo Qi , Yu Keran , Liu Xinyue 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The conventional meter intelligent communication method establishes a communication network with an existing network, which is affected by background noise, impulse noise, and so on, and the communication quality is degraded. Therefore, a multi-channel meter intelligent communication method based on a low-voltage power line broadband carrier is designed. The characteristics of low-voltage power line broadband carriers for meter communication are extracted, and the background noise and impulse noise of power line carrier communication are analyzed to determine the impedance characteristics of the meter communication channel. Based on the low-voltage power line broadband carrier, the meter intelligent communication network is generated, and the fast path of meter communication is evaluated to meet the demand of multi-channel communication of the meter. Comparison experiments are used to verify that the method has a better quality of intelligent communication and can be applied in real life.
Algorithm for optimal power allocation at the DC inlet of a photovoltaic storage direct-supply system
Authors: Wu Aqin , Tang Lingjie , Zhou Xiong , Hou Qiyun , Chen Yunfeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The conventional power optimization configuration algorithm mainly focuses on static configuration and does not take into account the dynamic changes in photovoltaic output, which affects the final configuration balance. Therefore, a power optimization configuration algorithm for the DC access port of the optical storage DC flexible system was designed. With the goal of stabilizing the unbalanced power of the access port, a DC access port power optimization configuration model for the optical storage direct flexible system is constructed to optimize the energy storage capacity of the optical storage direct flexible system and meet the power optimization configuration requirements of the access port. By optimizing the allocation of high and low-frequency power components at the DC access port and eliminating the integral effect of power command configuration in the optical storage DC flexible system, stable DC power access can be achieved. Comparative experiments were conducted to verify that the algorithm has better performance and can be applied in practical life.
Exploring spatial dispersion in helical wired media: an effective field theory approach
Authors: Kazinski P O , Korolev P S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study investigates electromagnetic wave propagation in helical media exhibiting spatial dispersion. A general permittivity tensor with helical symmetry is derived, and its specific form for conducting spiral wires with pitch

2
π

/

|

q
|

and chirality

sgn

(
q
)

is examined. Solutions to Maxwell’s equations in the paraxial limit are obtained, and the dispersion law, polarization, and Poynting vector integral curves are analyzed. The medium features polarization-dependent forbidden bands in the photon dispersion law, with tunable widths and positions. For helix angles α not close to

π

/

2

and plasma frequencies

ω
p

≪

|

q
|

, there are two chiral forbidden bands: one near ω
p with a width of order

|
q
|

, and a narrower one near

|
q
|

. As

α
→
π

/

2

, the first band becomes a total forbidden band, and if

ω
p

≫

|

q
|

, the second band broadens into a wide polarization-dependent forbidden band, allowing only photons with a single linear polarization to pass while rotating their polarization plane. In the nonparaxial regime, solutions in the WKB approximation are discussed, and scattering of electromagnetic waves by a slab of this helical medium is also considered.
Integrable and superintegrable quantum mechanical systems with position dependentmasses invariant with respect to one parametric Lie groups. 2. Systems with dilatation and shift symmetries.
Authors: Nikitin Anatoly G 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
3d quantum mechanical&#xD;systems with position dependent masses (PDM) admitting at least one second order integral of motion and symmetries with respect to dilatation or shift transformations are classified. Twenty seven such systems are specified and the completeness of the classification results is proved. In this way the next step to the&#xD;complete classification of integrable PDM system is realized.
Local density of states for different cancer cells in a one-dimensional photonic biosensor
Authors: Segovia-Chaves Francis , Navarro Barón Erik , Vinck-Posada Herbert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this work, we use dyadic Green’s functions to calculate local density of states in a finite-size one-dimensional photonic crystal surrounded by air. The crystal composes alternating layers of polymer materials, with its translational periodicity disrupted by the introduction of a cavity. Its optical properties are affected by variations in the polymers’ dielectric constant under applied pressure, and the cavity is infiltrated with four types of cells: Normal, Jurkat, PC12, and MCF-7. Our findings reveal that, within the photonic band gaps, the local density of states reaches a maximum, a characteristic of localized modes. We show that when the dielectric constant of each cell type is increased, the localized mode shifts to shorter frequencies, exhibiting a specific value for the local density of states. Furthermore, we report that the localized mode shifts to higher frequencies when pressure increases while reducing the local density of states.
Design a novel asymmetric chamfered on consequent-pole vernier permanent-magnet machine for electric propulsion vessel
Authors: Luo Chao , Shou Jiabo , Ma Jien , Qiu Lin , Fang Youtong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article proposes a novel asymmetric chamfering consequent-pole Vernier permanent magnet (CPVPM) rotor topology of torque enhancement and torque ripple reduction for electric propulsion vessels. The rotor structure is featured by the asymmetric chamfered structure applied on the CP adjacent to the PMs. It is demonstrated that without any modification of high price and limited storage of rare-earth PM materials employed for the rotor, the torque density of the machine with an asymmetric chamfering can be effectively increased. The influence of key asymmetric chamfered parameters of the CPVPM machine on torque and torque ripple characteristics are investigated. Then, the presented asymmetric chamfered machine, along with a prior symmetric chamfered machine, has been meticulously designed and globally parametrically optimized. Both machines share identical specifications, including stator dimensions, rotor diameter, and permanent magnet (PM) utilization. Moreover, the mechanical characteristics and efficiency of the proposed motor are analyzed comprehensively. Finally, our investigation indicates that even a minor refinement in the novel asymmetric chamfered structure can further mitigate flux leakage issues, elevate torque density, and reduce torque ripple.