bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robotic assisted cryothermic biatrial Cox‐Maze
Authors: Roberts Harold G. , Wei Lawrence M. , Dhamija Ankit , Cook Chris. C. , Badhwar Vinay 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionRobotic cryothermic Cox‐Maze (CM) IV is a minimally invasive procedure that reliably replicates the biatrial lesion set of the CM III by utilizing cryothermia as a single power source.MethodsHerein we describe a step by step creation of the biatrial CM III lesion sets utilizing the minimally invasive robotic platform.ResultsTechnical details are reviewed for this single incision, single stage, highly effective option for stand‐alone or concomitant surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF).ConclusionRobotic cryothermic CM IV can be safely performed as a stand‐alone or concomitant procedure, and offers a comprehensive surgical ablation solution for patients with AF.
Persistent hypertension after preeclampsia in a group of Cameroonians: Result of a cross‐sectional study and perspectives to reduce its burden in Limited Income Countries
Authors: Nganou‐Gnindjio Chris Nadège , Kenmogne Denise , Essama Doris Bibi , Nkeck Jan Rene , Yanwou Nathan , Foumane Pascal 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPreeclampsia/eclampsia significantly increases the risk of future hypertension. Several factors may be involved in this process. The purpose of this study was to identify them in Cameroonians. We conduct a cross‐sectional study including women aged 18 to 45 years, who deliver between December 2011 and 2016, and were diagnosed and followed up for preeclampsia/eclampsia in two major obstetrical and gynecologic units in Yaoundé (Cameroon). Those with persistent high‐blood pressure after 6 months were classified as persistent hypertension (PH). Associated factors were investigated using multivariate analysis with logistic regression and presented with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and the 95% confidence interval. 92 participants were included, with 30 (32.6%) with PH. The independent factors associated with PH were as follows: maternal age during preeclampsia above 30 years (aOR = 6.30 [1.1; 35.4], p = .03), at least five deliveries prior preeclampsia (aOR = 1.50 [2; 6.6], p = .008), and family history of diabetes (aOR = 14.8 [2.6; 85.7], p = .003). About one in three women with preeclampsia/eclampsia will have PH. The clinician needs to pay more attention to the potential risk factors identified above. More appropriate strategies need to address the burden of this condition in the context of low resources.
Identification of autophagy‐related genes signature predicts chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic efficiency in bladder cancer (BLCA)
Authors: Cao Rui , Ma Bo , Wang Gang , Xiong Yaoyi , Tian Ye , Yuan Lushun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAutophagy maintains cellular homeostasis by degrading and recycling cytoplasmic components under stress conditions, which is identified to be involved in tumorigenesis and now has been recognized as novel target in cancer treatment. In present study, we gathered total autophagy‐related genes and established an autophagy‐related genes signature (ATGRS) through LASSO cox regression analysis in BLCA. Kaplan‐Meier survival and multivariate cox regression analyses both showed the ATGRS was a robust independent prognostic factor with high accuracy. Subsequently, integrated analyses indicated that ATGRS had a strong correlation with molecular subtypes, clinicopathological characteristics and somatic mutation alteration. Moreover, ATGRS was found to be positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells in tumour microenvironment (TME) and immune checkpoint expression, indicating the potent role of autophagy by regulating the TME. In addition, ATGRS was proved to be efficient in predicting the clinical benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) based immunotherapy and chemotherapy in BLCA. Furthermore, we observed abnormal expression levels of autophagy‐related genes and found the different behaviour of ATGRS in pancancer by LASSO cox regression analysis. Therefore, construction of ATGRS in BLCA could help us to interpret the underlying mechanism of autophagy and sheds a light on the clinical application for a combination of autophagy modification with targeted immunotherapy and chemotherapy in BLCA.
Harmine targets inhibitor of DNA binding‐2 and activator protein‐1 to promote preosteoclast PDGF‐BB production
Authors: Huang Jie , Li You‐You , Xia Kun , Wang Yi‐Yi , Chen Chun‐Yuan , Chen Meng‐Lu , Cao Jia , Liu Zheng‐Zhao , Wang Zhen‐Xing , Yin Hao , Hu Xiong‐Ke , Wang Zheng‐Guang , Zhou Yong , Xie Hui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOsteoporosis is one of the most common metabolic bone diseases affecting millions of people. We previously found that harmine prevents bone loss in ovariectomized mice via increasing preosteoclast platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) production and type H vessel formation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which harmine promotes preosteoclast PDGF‐BB generation are still unclear. In this study, we revealed that inhibitor of DNA binding‐2 (Id2) and activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) were important factors implicated in harmine‐enhanced preosteoclast PDGF‐BB production. Exposure of RANKL‐induced Primary bone marrow macrophages (BMMs), isolated from tibiae and femora of mice, to harmine increased the protein levels of Id2 and AP‐1. Knockdown of Id2 by Id2‐siRNA reduced the number of preosteoclasts as well as secretion of PDGF‐BB in RANKL‐stimulated BMMs administrated with harmine. Inhibition of c‐Fos or c‐Jun (components of AP‐1) both reversed the stimulatory effect of harmine on preosteoclast PDGF‐BB production. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay analyses determined that PDGF‐BB was the direct target of AP‐1 which was up‐regulated by harmine treatment. In conclusion, our data demonstrated a novel mechanism involving in the production of PDGF‐BB increased by harmine, which may provide potential therapeutic targets for bone loss diseases.
Flat scalp melanoma dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopy features correspond to histopathologic type and lesion location
Authors: Garbarino F. , Pampena R. , Lai M. , Pereira A.R. , Piana S. , Cesinaro A.M. , Cinotti E. , Fiorani D. , Ciardo S. , Farnetani F. , Chester J. , Pellacani G. , Guitera P. , Longo C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundDermoscopy and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy (RCM) features of scalp melanoma according to lesion location and histopathology have not been fully investigated.ObjectivesTo reveal dermoscopic and RCM features of scalp melanoma according to lesion location and histopathology.MethodsWe retrospectively retrieved images of suspicious, atypical excised, flat melanocytic lesions of the scalp, assessed on dermoscopy and RCM at five centres, from June 2007 to April 2020. Lesions were classified according to histopathological diagnoses of nevi, lentigo maligna melanoma (LM/LMM) or superficial spreading melanoma (SSM). Clinical, dermoscopic and RCM images were evaluated; LM/LMM and SSM subtypes were compared through multivariate analysis.ResultsTwo hundred forty‐seven lesions were included. In situ melanomas were mostly LM (81.3%), while invasive melanomas were mostly SSM (75.8%). Male sex, baldness and chronic sun‐damaged skin were associated with all types of melanomas and in particular with LM/LMM. LMs were mostly located in the vertex area and SSM in the frontal (OR: 8.8; P < 0.05, CI 95%) and temporal (OR: 16.7; P < 0.005, CI 95%) areas. The dermoscopy presence of pseudo‐network, pigmented rhomboidal structures, obliterated hair follicles and annular–granular pattern were associated with LM diagnoses, whereas bluish‐white veil was more typical of SSM. Observations on RCM of atypical roundish and dendritic cells in the epidermis were associated with SSM (42.4%) and dendritic cells with LM (62.5%) diagnoses. Folliculotropism on RCM was confirmed as a typical sign of LM.ConclusionsFlat scalp melanomas reveal specific dermoscopic and RCM features according to histopathologic type and scalp location.
Two new species of Hypostomus suckermouth‐armoured catfishes (Teleostei: Loricariidae) from central Brazil
Authors: Soares Yan F. F. , de Aquino Pedro De Podestà Uchôa , Bagley Justin C. , Langeani Francisco , Colli Guarino R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study describes two new endemic Hypostomus species from central Brazil, which were previously identified as genetically distinct lineages in a recent genomic study that recommended their testing and potential description based on morphological data. A machine learning classification procedure (random forest) was used to investigate morphological variation and identify putatively diagnostic characters for these candidate species and revealed that each is morphologically distinct. The new species Hypostomus cafuringa is characterized by small size, dark spots under a light background, deeper caudal peduncle and shorter first ray of the pectoral fin and base of the dorsal fin when compared to congeneric species from the region. H. cafuringa is known from the headwaters of the Maranhão River, upper Tocantins River basin, Distrito Federal, Brazil. The second new species, Hypostomus crulsi, is characterized by dark spots under a light background, absence of plates along the abdomen region, shorter first ray of the pelvic fin, shorter first ray of the pectoral fin and smaller body size. H. crulsi is known from the headwaters of the São Bartolomeu River, upper Paraná River basin, Distrito Federal, Brazil. The rapid conversion of natural habitats for agricultural development and the isolation of protected areas represent a serious threat to the continued existence of these two newly described endemic species, which warrant conservation assessment.
Loss of function MPZ mutation causes milder CMT1B neuropathy
Authors: Howard Paige , Feely Shawna M. E. , Grider Tiffany , Bacha Alexa , Scarlato Marina , Fazio Raffaella , Quattrini Angelo , Shy Michael E. , Previtali Stefano C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMutations in Myelin Protein Zero (MPZ) cause CMT1B, the second leading cause of CMT1. Many of the >200 mutations cause neuropathy through a toxic gain of function by the mutant protein such as ER retention, activation of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) or disruption of myelin compaction. While there is extensive literature on the loss of function consequences of MPZ in heterozygous Mpz +/− null mice, there is little known of the consequences of MPZ haploinsufficiency in humans. We identified six patients from different families with p.Tyr68Ter or p.Asp104fs heterozygous mutations of MPZ that are predicted to cause a premature termination and nonsense mediated decay of the mutant allele. Five patients were evaluated in Milan and one in Iowa City; all should be haploinsufficient for MPZ. Patients were evaluated clinically and by electrophysiology. Sensory ataxia dominated the clinical presentation with only mild weakness present in five of the six patients. Symptoms presented in adulthood in all patients and only one individual had a CMTNSv2 >5. Deep tendon reflexes were absent in all patients. Patients with likely MPZ loss of function due to mutations that cause haplodeficiency in MPZ have a mild, predominantly large fiber sensory neuropathy that serves as a human equivalent to the neuropathy observed in heterozygous Mpz null mice. Successful therapeutic approaches in treating Mpz deficient mice may be candidates for trials in these and similar patients.
How Emergency Nurses Develop Resilience in the Context of Workplace Violence: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Han Chin‐Yen , Chen Li‐Chin , Lin Chun‐Chih , Goopy Suzanne , Lee Hui‐Ling 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeTo understand how emergency nurses develop resilience in the context of workplace violence.DesignThis study employed grounded theory methodology. Thirty nurses from three hospital emergency departments in Taiwan were interviewed between August and December 2018.MethodsSemistructured interviews were used to collect data. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim.FindingsThe process through which emergency nurses who had experienced workplace violence developed resilience took place in three stages: the release of emotions after the assault; the interpretation of conflicting thoughts and actions; and the establishment of strategies to cope with workplace violence in the future. The core theme was the motivating role of professional commitment to emergency patient care.ConclusionsThe results of this study can inform the development of support systems to enhance the resilience of nurses experiencing workplace violence by alerting healthcare administrators and governing institutions to their needs.Clinical RelevanceEmergency nurses viewed professional growth and professional commitment as an invisible motivator in the development of resilience following an encounter with workplace violence.
Soybean extract modified by Aspergillus awamori stimulates a greater collagen‐I synthesis in the intracellular matrix of human fibroblasts
Authors: Bezerra Patrícia Heloise Alves , Stocco Bianca , Bianchi Caroline Inácio , Bianchini Francine , Figueiredo Sônia Aparecida , Fonseca Maria José Vieira , Torqueti Maria Regina 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAglycone isoflavones are estrogen‐like bioactive compounds found in low amounts in soybean, which are increased by biotransformation processes. This study investigated two biotransformation processes of soybean extracts with Aspergillus awamori fungus, evaluating aglycone content and capability of stimulation of collagen‐I deposition. Isoflavones were quantified via HPLC; cytotoxicity of biotransformed extracts toward mouse and human fibroblasts was evaluated via NRU and apoptosis/necrosis assays; and collagen‐I deposition was measured through Western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunoassay. BSE‐2 was the biotransformed soybean extract with the highest aglycone content and did not decrease viability or demonstrated cytotoxicity to either L929 or HDFa cells. BSE‐2, at the optimal concentration of 1.33 μg/mL, increased substantially collagen‐I amount in HDFa intracellular matrix compared to non‐biotransformed soybean extract (NBSE) and immunoassay demonstrated that the extracellular deposition was mostly inhibited by BSE‐2 concentrations, except at 1.33 μg/mL. Hence, biotransformed soybean extract by the enzymatic filtrate of Aspergillus awamori fungus demonstrated a high nutricosmetic potential, showing safeness and effective collagen‐I augmentation.
Beliefs and implementation of evidence‐based practice among nurses in the nursing homes of a Swiss canton: An observational cross‐sectional study
Authors: Perruchoud Elodie , Fernandes Sofia , Verloo Henk , Pereira Filipa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesExamine beliefs about EBP and its level of implementation among nurses working in nursing homes in a bilingual canton of Switzerland and explore associations between these aspects and nurses’ sociodemographic and professional characteristics.BackgroundAlthough evidence‐based practice (EBP) is recognised as an effective strategy for improving the quality and safety of care, little is known about its use in nursing homes. Nurses’ beliefs about EBP and their implementation of it in Switzerland’s nursing homes have never been explored.DesignAn observational cross‐sectional study.MethodsBeliefs about and implementation of EBP were evaluated using validated French‐ and German‐language versions of the EBP Beliefs Scale and the EBP Implementation Scale, developed by Melnyk and Fineout‐Overholt (Melnyk, Fineout‐Overholt, & Mays, 2008, Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 5, 208). The STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was used in reporting this study.ResultsThe participation rate was 40.6% (N = 194). Most participants stated that they had some knowledge of EBP and held favourable beliefs about it. Nevertheless, 37.1% of participants found the concept complicated and 36.1% found it time‐consuming. Participants were more likely to implement stages in the EBP process linked to direct clinical practice rather than those which required scientific knowledge and skills.ConclusionMost participants had favourable beliefs about EBP, but the level of implementation of EBP among nurses in their daily clinical practice was sub‐optimal.Relevance to clinical practiceA greater emphasis should be put on fostering the use of EBP among nurses working in nursing homes. This could be achieved via training and the development of individual, institutional and contextual strategies promoting the integration of EBP in clinical settings.
A qualitative study exploring experiences and support needs of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Singapore
Authors: Goh Jing Xuan , Aishworiya Ramkumar , Ho Roger Chun Man , Wang Wenru , He Hong‐Gu 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTAims and objectiveTo explore the experiences and support needs of parents of children with recently diagnosed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Singapore.BackgroundRaising a child with ASD is challenging for parents, especially in the initial period following the diagnosis. Limited studies have focused on parents’ perspectives.DesignA qualitative descriptive design study.MethodsThirteen parents were recruited from a developmental and behavioural paediatric outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Singapore from October–December 2018. Adult parents, who were primary caregivers of 2–10‐year‐old children diagnosed with ASD in the preceding 3 months to 2 years, were recruited. Semi‐structured individual face‐to‐face interviews were conducted based on an interview guide. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) checklist was used for reporting.ResultsCommon themes were analysed using constant comparative method to generate results. Four themes emerged after 13 interviews: (1) adjusting psychologically, (2) changing lifestyle, (3) contending with hurdles to services and (4) needing informational, tangible and emotional support.ConclusionsFindings suggested a need for more formal support networks, targeted resource platforms and accessibility of services to help support parents better after receiving a diagnosis of ASD in their child.Relevance to clinical practiceEnhancing current healthcare and social policies to improve the provision of standardised and targeted information to parents, establishing formal support networks, facilitating access to childcare services, and involving domestic helpers/nannies as dedicated caregivers and trainers could better support parents.
Quantification of yield losses with relation to sheath blight development at different growth stages in mega rice varieties of South Asia
Authors: Lore Jagjeet S. , Jain Jyoti , Hunjan Mandeep S. , Singh Pritpal , Kumar Sanjay , Zaidi Najam W. , Singh Uma S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractQuantification of grain yield losses in mega rice varieties of south Asia due to infection by the sheath blight pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani) at different growth stages was carried out in 2 years in Northern India. Pathogen inoculation was done at the tillering, booting and grain‐filling stages of the crop under field conditions. The disease variables viz. disease severity, disease incidence, flag leaf infection and relative yield loss were determined on the mega varieties viz Swarna, Swarna Sub‐1 and PR 122. The effect of crop growth stage at inoculation and varieties was more important for disease variables than for relative yield loss. Booting and tillering stages were the most critical for higher sheath blight development with the highest relative yield loss. Among the mega rice varieties Swarna and Swarna‐Sub1, no significant difference was observed in all the disease variables and grain yield loss while the local variety PR 122 outperformed both mega varieties in disease variables and grain yield loss. PR 122 had the lowest yield losses due to low disease severity (14.22%–19.23%) during both years. All disease variables were positively correlated with relative yield losses. Regarding disease management strategies the focus should be on managing the disease initiation, particularly at the tillering and booting stages of the crop.
Negative social jetlag – Special consideration of leisure activities and evidence from birdwatchers
Authors: Randler Christoph , Staller Naomi , Tryjanowski Piotr 
Published: May 2021

SummaryBirdwatching (birding) is a nature‐based recreational activity, often including arising early in the morning. In the present study, we tested the effect of a negative social jetlag (SJL) in birders. Negative SJL implies that people have an even earlier sleep–wake rhythm on free days or weekends. As birds’ activities start before or shortly after sunrise, especially during spring and early summer, birdwatchers follow this diurnal pattern. Further, birders are not homogeneous and vary greatly in recreational specialisation. The study was based on an online survey with 2,404 birdwatchers (55% male) who responded to questions about their sleep–wake times and about their birding activities. Birders show the same differences between weekdays and weekends/free days sleep like most other people. However, birdwatching days started earlier than weekdays (14 min) and lasted longer. Thus, birdwatching days are shifted towards an earlier sleep–wake rhythm in total. Birdwatchers experience a sleep curtailment during birding. Instead of sleeping ~30 min longer on weekends, they arise ~15 min earlier, summing up to a sleep reduction of about ~45 min compared to a regular weekend. The more psychologically committed birders are, the less they sleep, the earlier they arise, and the earlier is their midpoint of sleep on birdwatching days; meaning that highly specialised birders shift their sleep–wake rhythm to an earlier time compared to their regular weekend, and even their weekday sleep. Thus, birders may suffer more from the short‐ and long‐term consequences of negative SJL. The results might stand representatively for other nature‐related leisure activities.
Suspected acquired narcolepsy in 8 dogs
Authors: Santifort Koen M. , Ives Edward J. , Fenn Joe , Raimondi Francesca , Lourinho Filipa , Mandigers Paul J. J. , Bergknut Niklas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcquired narcolepsy has rarely been reported in veterinary medicine.ObjectiveTo describe the presentation, clinicopathological features, diagnostic imaging findings, and management of dogs with suspected‐acquired narcolepsy.AnimalsEight dogs with clinical features consistent with acquired narcolepsy.MethodsA call for suspected cases of acquired narcolepsy was made online, followed by a retrospective review of detailed medical records of potential cases. Dogs were included if episodes consistent with cataplexy were present during examination by a board‐certified veterinary neurologist and diagnostic work‐up included magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.ResultsSeven French Bulldogs and 1 Chihuahua (age range, 9‐66 months) were included. Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin was diagnosed in 2 dogs, extracranial foci of inflammation were identified in 2 dogs (aspiration pneumonia, esophagitis, otitis media), and no abnormalities were found on diagnostic investigations in 4 dogs. Prednisolone was used in the management of all dogs, 6 dogs received imipramine, and 2 received cytosine arabinoside. An initial remission of signs was observed in all dogs, but a subsequent relapse of clinical signs was recorded for 4 dogs, of which 3 responded to adjustment or resumption of treatment.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe presence of cataplexy episodes should prompt a thorough diagnostic work‐up to exclude the presence of intracranial (and extracranial) pathology. The potential for both remission and relapse of signs in suspected acquired cases is important for clinicians and owners to be aware of.