bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Cathode with Dual Energy‐Storage Mechanism for Ultrahigh‐Rate and Ultralong‐Life Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ma Xuemei , Cao Xinxin , Yao Mengli , Shan Lutong , Shi Xiaodong , Fang Guozhao , Pan Anqiang , Lu Bingan , Zhou Jiang , Liang Shuquan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe exploitation of cathode materials with high capacity as well as high operating voltage is extremely important for the development of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). Yet, the classical high‐capacity materials (e.g., vanadium‐based materials) provide a low discharge voltage, while organic cathodes with high operating voltage generally suffer from a low capacity. In this work, organic (ethylenediamine)–inorganic (vanadium oxide) hybrid cathodes, that is, EDA‐VO, with a dual energy‐storage mechanism, are designed for ultrahigh‐rate and ultralong‐life ZIBs. The embedded ethylenediamine (EDA) can not only increase the layer spacing of the vanadium oxide, with improved mobility of Zn ions in the V–O layered structure, but also act as a bidentate chelating ligand participating in the storage of Zn ions. This hybrid provides a high specific capacity (382.6 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), elevated voltage (0.82 V) and excellent long‐term cycle stability (over 10 000 cycles at 5 A g−1). Assistant density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate the cathode has remarkable electronic conductivity, with an ultralow diffusion barrier of 0.78 eV for an optimal Zn‐ion diffusion path in the EDA‐VO. This interesting idea of building organic–inorganic hybrid cathode materials with a dual energy‐storage mechanism opens a new research direction toward high‐energy secondary batteries.
Sonochemical Synthesis of Ga/ZnO Nanomaterials from a Liquid Metal for Photocatalytic Applications
Authors: Oloye Olawale , Fernando Joseph F. S. , Golberg Dmitri , O'Mullane Anthony P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe effective degradation of synthetic dyes via photocatalysis using abundant cheap materials is an ongoing challenge. Often photocatalysts are costly and employ complex fabrication processes that give limited efficiency which therefore inhibits widespread industrial proliferation. To address this issue, a simple room temperature alloying process followed by sonication for the preparation of photocatalytically active GaZnO nanosheets confined on a metallic GaZn core is reported. The material is characterized with X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical techniques. These analyses confirm the presence of a metallic GaZn core decorated with GaZnO nanosheets. The resultant GaZn/GaZnO catalyst exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange. A high degradation efficiency of 73% is achieved under solar simulated conditions which is attributed to the GaZn core acting as an electron sink allowing for effective charge carrier separation at the surface confined GaZnO sheets and the production of reactive oxygen species.
Regulation of Morphology and Electronic Structure of FeCoNi Layered Double Hydroxides for Highly Active and Stable Water Oxidization Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Yan Feng , Ma Xinzhi , Zhu Chunling , Wang Yue , Xie Ying , Chou Shu‐Lei , Huang Youju , Chen Yujin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHighly efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are very important for various energy storage and conversion systems such as water splitting devices and metal‐air batteries. However, developing OER electrocatalysts with high activity and excellent stability at a high current density remains a considerable challenge. Herein, a facile room‐temperature‐stirring strategy is described to obtain FeCoNi layered double hydroxide nanocages (FeCoNi‐LDHs) using a metal–organic framework as a precursor. The FeCoNi‐LDHs have hollow features, while their walls are assembled with ultrathin layered hydroxide nanosheets. By designing a unique structure and tuning the composition, high activity and robust long‐term stability of the FeCoNi‐LDHs for the OER outperform IrO2, used as the reference catalyst. The as‐obtained high electrochemically active surface area and the decreased transfer resistance are ascribed to the significantly improved activity. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the introduction of Fe can fine‐tune the electronic structure and decrease the Gibbs free energy difference of the rate‐determining step (ΔG3), improving the intrinsic activity of FeCoNi‐LDHs toward the OER. Furthermore, the proposed room‐temperature‐stirring strategy can be easily scaled up to more than 10 grams of nanocages through a single batch reaction process, demonstrating the large‐scale applicability of the catalysts.
A test of the reproductive assurance hypothesis inIpomoea hederacea: does inbreeding depression counteract the benefits of self‐pollination?
Authors: Delgado‐Dávila Ruth , Martén‐Rodríguez Silvana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPremiseDarwin proposed that self‐pollination in allegedly outcrossing species might act as a reproductive assurance mechanism when pollinators or mates are scarce; however, in natural populations, the benefits of selfing may be opposed by seed discounting and inbreeding depression. While empirical studies show variation among species and populations in the magnitude of reproductive assurance, little is known about the counterbalancing effects of inbreeding depression.MethodsBy comparing the female reproductive success of emasculated and open‐pollinated flowers, we assessed the reproductive assurance hypothesis in two Mexican populations ofIpomoea hederacea. In one population, we assessed temporal variation in reproductive assurance for three years. We evaluated inbreeding depression on seed production, seedling germination, and dry plant mass by contrasting self‐ and cross‐hand pollination treatments in one population for two years.ResultThe contribution of self‐pollination to female reproductive success was high and consistent between populations, but there was variation in reproductive assurance across years. Inbreeding depression was absent in the early stages of progeny development, but there was a small negative effect of inbreeding in the probability of germination and the mass of adult progeny.ConclusionsSelf‐pollination provided significant reproductive assurance inI. hederaceabut this contribution was variable across time. The contribution of reproductive assurance is probably reduced by inbreeding depression in later stages of progeny development, but this counter effect was small in the study populations. This study supports the hypothesis that reproductive assurance with limited inbreeding depression is likely an important selective force in the evolution of self‐pollination in the genusIpomoea.
The association of motoric cognitive risk with incident dementia and neuroimaging characteristics: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Gomez Gabriela T. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Gabriel Kelley Pettee , Palta Priya , Gross Alden L. , Soldan Anja , Albert Marilyn S. , Sullivan Kevin J. , Jack Clifford R. , Knopman David S. , Windham B. Gwen , Walker Keenan A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionMotoric cognitive risk (MCR), a clinical syndrome characterized by slow gait speed and subjective cognitive complaints, has been associated with dementia risk. The neuropathological features underlying MCR remain poorly understood.MethodsThe Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) community‐based cohort study classified participants using standardized criteria as MCR+/– and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)+/– at study baseline (2011–2013). We examined the 5‐year dementia risk and baseline brain structural/molecular abnormalities associated with MCR+ and MCI+ status.ResultsOf 5023 nondemented participants included, 204 were MCR+ and 1030 were MCI+. Both MCR+ and MCI+ participants demonstrated increased dementia risk. The pattern of structural brain abnormalities associated with MCR+ differed from that of MCI+. Whereas MCI+ was associated with comparatively smaller volumes in brain regions vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease pathology, MCR+ status was associated with smaller volumes in frontoparietal regions and greater white matter abnormalities.DiscussionMCR may represent a predementia syndrome characterized by prominent white matter abnormalities and frontoparietal atrophy.
Sequential Metal Catalysis towards 7‐Oxostaurosporine and Its Non‐Natural Septanose Analogue
Authors: Seo Kyeongdeok , Jang Seok Hyeon , Rhee Young Ho 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report sequential metal catalysis towards indolocarbazole glycosides. The signature event is highlighted by i) Pd0‐catalyzed addition of indolocarbazole to alkoxyallene combined with ring‐closing‐metathesis; ii) Ru‐catalyzed chemoselective olefin migration; iii) PdII‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization to build the bicyclic core structure of the target compounds. This approach gave access to both natural pyranose‐ and non‐natural septanose glycosides. A short formal synthesis of 7‐oxostaurosporine was achieved via this strategy.
Photophysics of Perylene Diimide Dianions and Their Application in Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Li Han , Wenger Oliver S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe two‐electron reduced forms of perylene diimides (PDIs) are luminescent closed‐shell species whose photochemical properties seem underexplored. Our proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates that straightforward (single) excitation of PDI dianions with green photons provides an excited state that is similarly or more reducing than the much shorter‐lived excited states of PDI radical monoanions, which are typically accessible after biphotonic excitation with blue photons. Thermodynamically demanding photocatalytic reductive dehalogenations and reductive C−O bond cleavage reactions of lignin model compounds have been performed using sodium dithionite acts as a reductant, either in aqueous solution or in biphasic water–acetonitrile mixtures in the presence of a phase transfer reagent. Our work illustrates the concept of multi‐electron reduction of a photocatalyst by a sacrificial reagent prior to irradiation with low‐energy photons as a means of generating very reactive excited states.
Peaked sources and narrow‐line Seyfert 1s: A love story
Authors: Berton Marco , Järvelä Emilia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe first similarities between peaked sources (PS) and narrow‐line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies were noticed already 20 years ago. Nowadays, it is known that several sources can share both classifications, and that part of the parent population of γ‐ray emitting NLS1s could be hiding among PS. In this brief review, we describe how and why this orientation‐based unification was developed. We also show how the recent discovery of absorbed radio jets in NLS1s basically invisible at frequencies below 10 GHz, could impact our knowledge of PS and, in particular, render the widely used radio‐loudness parameter obsolete.
Fear increases likelihood of seeking decisional support from others when making decisions involving ambiguity
Authors: Ferrer Rebecca A. , Ellis Erin M. , Orehek Edward , Klein William M. P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIndividuals often turn to others for decision‐making advice, which has the potential to improve decision‐making outcomes when advice is drawn from a reliable source. Because seeking advice is a kind of information seeking, it is likelier to occur when decisions involve ambiguity or when full information about outcomes is unavailable. We examined whether experimentally induced incidental fear, known to increase information seeking, increased intentions to seek decision‐making advice and whether this effect was stronger for decisions involving ambiguity. In Study 1, fear increased the likelihood of seeking advice about an ambiguous decision in which both options carried some risk, compared to neutral emotion (and anger). In Study 2, a 2 (emotion) by 2 (minimal vs. extensive information) design, fear increased the likelihood of seeking advice about palliative care only after a simple definition of palliative care (minimal information), but not after more comprehensive (extensive) information about its nature, benefits, and efficacy. These findings suggest that incidental fear may encourage people to seek advice about decisions involving ambiguity or when full information to make the decision is not available.
Supply chain firm performance in circular economy and digital era to achieve sustainable development goals
Authors: Nayal Kirti , Kumar Shashank , Raut Rakesh D. , Queiroz Maciel M. , Priyadarshinee Pragati , Narkhede Balkrishna E. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDigitalization of the supply chain (SC) has received plenty of attention from practitioners and researchers in recent years to address the challenges of the business environment and assist firms in achieving a circular SC. Implementing circularity in business operations is a practice of achieving sustainability which is of utmost significance for achieving sustainable development goals established by the United Nations. This study empirically examines the relation among flexibility, AI–IoT adoption, and SC firm performance under the circular economy (CE) environment based on resource orchestration theory (ROT), an integrated version of the extended‐resource‐based view, and dynamic capability theory (DCT). Data were collected from Indian manufacturing firms through a questionnaire‐based survey and examined using “structural equation modeling (SEM).” The study results show that information flexibility and organizational flexibility have the highest impact on AI–IoT adoption. Organizational flexibility shows full mediation with AI–IoT, which would influence the SC firm performance directly. The analysis also indicates that CE will affect the relation between organizational flexibility and AI–IoT adoption. These findings pave the way for cross‐country analysis, formation of practical strategies, and policies related to AI–IoT and CE implementations.
Evaluating Assessment Tools in Child Protection: A Conceptual Framework of Internal and Ecological Requirements
Authors: Lätsch David Cyrill , Voll Peter , Jung Rebecca , Jud Andreas 
Published: November 2021

Despite substantial evidence on the higher predictive validity of empirically derived instruments compared to clinical judgement, the controversy on the best direction in child protection assessment is far from over. We introduce a conceptual framework that may help explain why this controversy continues. The framework distinguishes between internal and ecological requirements of assessment tools. First, existing frameworks have primarily focused on internal requirements that refer to the psychometric qualities of a tool, which are theoretically independent of the organisational context. For these internal requirements, we suggest a distinction between three types of validity: construct validity, predictive validity, and indicative validity. Second, the degree of fit with the ecological requirements determines how well the tool works in a specific organisation: for example, whether a tool makes sense to practitioners, whether they readily adopt or tacitly adapt it, or how well it fits with the objectives of the organisation and the goals of individual workers. We define four such requirements: adequacy, organisational suitability, practicality and utility. The framework is illustrated with data from an ethnographic study in Switzerland. The framework leads to questions that may guide managers and frontline workers in developing, implementing and evaluating standardised risk assessment in child protection.Key Practitioner Messages

The value of an assessment tool in child protection practice only partly depends on the tool's internal qualities, such as the tool's validity in predicting future child maltreatment.
In addition, the tool must meet ecological requirements: it must be oriented towards an adequate definition of child maltreatment, must support and be supported by organisational procedures and workers' competencies and must support workers in carrying out their goals effectively.
When services consider implementing an existing tool or developing a new one, they should assess the tool's internal and ecological qualities with equal care. Paying attention to one set of requirements alone may be a costly mistake.
‘The controversy on the best direction in child protection assessment is far from over’
Spin‐Spin Coupling Controls the Gas‐Phase Reactivity of Aromatic σ‐Type Triradicals
Authors: Ding Duanchen , Feng Erlu , Kotha Raghavendhar R. , Chapman Nathan C. , Jiang Hanning , Nash John J. , Kenttämaa Hilkka I. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractExamination of the reactions of σ‐type quinolinium‐based triradicals with cyclohexane in the gas phase demonstrated that the radical site that is the least strongly coupled to the other two radical sites reacts first, independent of the intrinsic reactivity of this radical site, in contrast to related biradicals that first react at the most electron‐deficient radical site. Abstraction of one or two H atoms and formation of an ion that formally corresponds to a combination of the ion and cyclohexane accompanied by elimination of a H atom (“addition‐H”) were observed. In all cases except one, the most reactive radical site of the triradicals is intrinsically less reactive than the other two radical sites. The product complex of the first H atom abstraction either dissociates to give the H‐atom‐abstraction product and the cyclohexyl radical or the more reactive radical site in the produced biradical abstracts a H atom from the cyclohexyl radical. The monoradical product sometimes adds to cyclohexene followed by elimination of a H atom, generating the “addition‐H” products. Similar reaction efficiencies were measured for three of the triradicals as for relevant monoradicals. Surprisingly, the remaining three triradicals (all containing a meta‐pyridyne moiety) reacted substantially faster than the relevant monoradicals. This is likely due to the exothermic generation of a meta‐pyridyne analog that has enough energy to attain the dehydrocarbon atom separation common for H‐atom‐abstraction transition states of protonated meta‐pyridynes.
Preservation of sedimentary plant DNA is related to lake water chemistry
Authors: Jia Weihan , Liu Xingqi , Stoof‐Leichsenring Kathleen R. , Liu Sisi , Li Kai , Herzschuh Ulrike 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLittle is currently known about preservation of plant DNA in lake sediments. Most prior information originates from laboratory experiments while systematic field‐based studies are still lacking. Here, we used the “g” and “h” universal primers for the P6 loop region of the chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron to amplify plant DNA from 219 lake surface sediments from China and Siberia. We introduce (i) the percentage of sequence counts with the best identity ≥95%, (ii) weighted average identity, (iii) weighted average DNA fragment length, and iv) rarefied richness of terrestrial seed plants of plant DNA metabarcoding as proxies for sedimentary DNA preservation and relate them to five environmental variables (lake water conductivity, lake water pH, mean July air temperature, and sampling depth, lake size) using boosted regression tree (BRT) analyses. Our results suggest that lake water chemical characteristics, that is, electrical conductivity and pH, are the most important variables for the preservation of plant DNA in lake sediments. Intermediate water conductivities (100–500 μS cm−1) and neutral to slightly alkaline water pH (7–9) may facilitate plant DNA preservation. Furthermore, deep lakes seem to support plant DNA preservation as indicated by relatively high rarefied richness. We also find high rarefied richness in small lakes compared with large lakes, but this result needs to be assessed by more studies in the future. None of our BRT models shows that mean July air temperature is a key variable to limit plant DNA preservation. To conclude, our results suggest that sedimentary DNA studies can preferentially select deep lakes characterized by intermediate water conductivities and neutral to slightly alkaline pH conditions.
Transforming wood as next‐generation structural and functional materials for a sustainable future
Authors: Farid Tanveer , Rafiq Muhammad Imran , Ali Amjad , Tang Weihua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWood as an ecofriendly and renewable natural material has been extensively modified through various delignification protocols to preserve its natural structure and fiber direction. The increased porosity and permeability of wood scaffold thus provide excellent opportunities for material infiltration and densification. Wood features in hierarchical structure and biocompatibility are combined with cutting‐edge processings to overcome the weaknesses for vast applications. These new modifications have explored the great potentials of wood as a next‐generation structural and functional material. This review updates the state‐of‐the‐art physicochemical modifications and strategies to prepare versatile wood hydrogels, aerogels, membranes, and fibers with different physicochemical features. Discussion is elaborated to explore the immense breadth of wood as next‐generation material for applications in biomedical, energy storage, sensors, separation, and buildings. Finally, the main challenges of wood scaffold engineering are represented along with potential solutions and directions for developing wood‐based high‐performance structural and functional materials.image
A research of service quality perceptions and patient satisfaction: Case study of public hospitals in Romania
Authors: Radu Florin , Radu Valentin , Turkeș Mirela Cătălina , Ivan Oana Raluca , Tăbîrcă Alina Iuliana 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe quality of medical services provided by public hospitals has become a crucial principle in health. Awareness and satisfaction of patients are increasing in pace with technological processes and therapeutic procedures. Therefore, Romania's public hospitals must provide quality to patients and assure medical staff's efficiency and professionalism, a high level of satisfaction, and patient safety. This paper aimed to evaluate patient satisfaction measures used in Romania's Healthcare System. Between January and February 2019, an exploratory study was conducted. Data were collected through face‐to‐face interviews based on a questionnaire only with patients who used the health system last year. The results showed that only 39.71% of Romanians are satisfied with the quality of medical services, which means that 61.29% of respondents are disappointed by the health system. Because it is free of charge, the public sector is the only option available for a wide range of patients. The study's results may be an essential basis in developing and successfully improving marketing research on the quality of medical services provided through public hospitals especially considering that Romania must improve the health care system perception. Findings suggest that traditional patient satisfaction measures fail, and new ways must be taken into consideration.