bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MANAKAR KAFÂ`AH DALAM PRAKTIK PERKAWINAN KYAI DI MADURA
Authors: Syukron Mahbub Syukron Mahbub 
Published: March 2021

Abstrak: Kajian ini difokuskan pada persoalan, secara garis besar, bagaimana pandangan kyai tentang kafâ`ah dan praktiknya dalam perkawinan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif karena subjek yang diteliti memerlukan pengamatan secara utuh dan menyeluruh tentang kondisi yang sebenarnya. Data dalam kajian ini diperoleh melalui observasi partisipan, dan wawancara mendalam. Kajian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa kyai melakukan perkawinan antar keluarga dekat dan kerabat yang berasal dari keluarga kyai juga. Mereka menghindari terjadinya perkawinan dengan kerabat lain yang berasal dari keluarga non kyai. Dalam kaitannya dengan sikap perkawinan kyai ini, ditemukan dua tipe kyai yang berbeda yaitu: Pertama, tipe kyai fanatik keturunan; kedua, tipe kyai fleksibel dalam memberikan keputusan. Kyai fanatik keturunan menjadikan faktor keturunan sebagai alasan pertama dan utama dalam memilih pendamping hidup bagi anak-anaknya. dalam mengambil langkah tindakannya kyai fanatik keturunan ini setidaknya dipengaruhi oleh dua hal. Pertama, adanya wasiat nenek moyang yang diikuti oleh generasi berikutnya. Kedua, adanya usaha untuk menjaga kemurnian keturunan. Sedangkan kyai fleksibel tidak begitu fanatik terhadap keturunan dalam mengambil keputusan. Dalam masalah kafâ’ah, selain faktor keturunan, mereka juga mempertimbangkan faktor yang lain, seperti faktor kekayaan, nilai agama yang kuat serta kecakapan ilmu pengetahuan. Abstract: This study was designed to examine the view of kyai toward kafâ`ah and its practice in marriage. Qualitative approach has been used to collect intact and whole data from the subject by using the instruments of participatory observation and in-depth interview. It was found that kyai performs a marriage with the close family members and among relatives. They avoid a marriage with a family of different lineage particularly non-kyai family. From the perspective of this marriage attitude, it could be catagorized two types of kyai. Firstly, is a kyai which is offspring fanatic, and secondly, a kyai which is flexible in giving decision. The former is influenced by two factors---firstly, ancestor will and second, the attempts to keep the family chasity. The later is not adhering strictly to the family genuinity. Kafâ`ah also takes a consideration on other factors such as opulence, the firm religious values, and knowledge proficiency. Kata-kata Kunci: Kyai, kafâ`ah, Madura, dan perkawinan
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children’s Health in Portugal: The Parental Perspective
Authors: Poppe Mariana , Aguiar Bárbara , Sousa Rodrigo , Oom Paulo 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic poses unprecedented challenges for healthcare services and has led to changes in the usage pattern of the pediatric population. We aimed to describe the impact of COVID-19 on children’s health, wellbeing, and access to medical care in Portugal.Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study through an anonymous online survey via social media. The collected data refers to a period between the 16th of March and the 17th of May 2020.Results: We obtained responses to the survey on 19 745 children. Of the previously scheduled outpatient consultations, 54.2% were postponed by healthcare institutions and 21.6% of planned vaccinations were missed. Parents expressed concerns regarding psychological, social, and physical consequences for their children due to the pandemic.Discussion: The observed reduction of pediatric emergency department visits and the postponement of outpatient consultations and vaccine administrations are potentially harmful for non-COVID patients. The current pandemic and the imposed social distance might have an important negative impact on the mental health of children.Conclusion: Further studies are necessary to fully comprehend the outcomes of the decreased access to medical care, as well as the collateral damage for children beyond the clinical aspects of the pandemic. Defining strategies regarding the urge to vaccinate children and not postpone urgent evaluations should be a public health priority.
Çocuk Acil Servisinde Kardiyak Troponin sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi: Tek merkez deneyimi
Authors: AKÇA Halise , AYDIN Cansu , USTA Kağan , KARBANCIOĞLU Emre 
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri ile kardiyak troponin tetkik sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Yenimahalle Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Acil Servisinde 1 Ocak – 31 Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında kardiyak troponin tetkiki istenen 2428 çocuk hastanın dosyaları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik ve klinik bilgileri ile troponin sonuçları kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların %52,4’ü kız, yaş ortalaması 11,4±4,8 yıldı. Troponin istem nedenleri göğüs ağrısı (%40), zehirlenmeler (%12) ve senkoptu (%11). Toplam istenen 2523 kardiyak troponin tetkikinden sadece 29 tanesi yüksek saptandı. Bu hastalarda en sık yakınma göğüs ağrısıydı. 18 hastada kardiyak nedenli patoloji olabileceği düşünüldü. Troponin yüksekliğinin diğer sebepleri; karbonmonoksit zehirlenmesi, alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu, ilaç zehirlenmesi ve gastroenterite bağlı dolaşım bozukluğuydu. Elektrokardiyografilerin çoğu normal olarak raporlandı.
Sonuç: Gereksiz istem ve maliyetin azaltılması için troponin tetkikinin seçilmiş hastalarda yapılması gerekmektedir. Kardiyak troponin düzeyinin yorumlanmasında hastanın genel klinik değerlendirilmesi önemini korumaktadır.
Predictors of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in subjects with mild asthma
Authors: Salameh Maroon , Pini Laura , Quadri Federico , Spreafico Fabio , Bottone Damiano , Tantucci Claudio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Physical effort is a stimulus capable of triggering airway obstruction in asthmatics, the so-called exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma (EIBa). This study was performed in subjects with mild persistent asthma, aiming to find predictors for developing EIBa. Methods In 20 subjects with mild asthma, measurements of baseline functional respiratory parameters and airways responsiveness by a methacholine challenge were obtained on the first day. The day after, a maximal, symptom-limited incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPExT) was performed, with subsequent, repeated maneuvers of maximal full forced expiration to monitor the FEV 1 change at 1,3,5,7,10 and 15 minutes after the end of exercise. Results 19 subjects completed the two-days protocol. No functional parameters both at rest and during effort were useful to predict EIBa after stopping exercise. In asthmatics with EIBa, mean Inspiratory Capacity (IC) did not increase with increasing ventilatory requirements during CPExT, because 6 of them (50%) displayed dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation (DH), as documented by their progressive increase of end-expiratory lung volume. This subgroup, showing earlier post-exercise FEV 1 fall, had significantly lower forced mean expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF 25-75% ) at rest (p<0.05) and higher airways responsiveness, expressed as PD 20 FEV 1 (p<0.05) as compared with other asthmatics with EIBa. Conclusions No functional respiratory parameters seem to predict EIBa in mild asthmatics. However, in those with EIBa, a subgroup developed DH during exercise, and this was associated with a baseline reduced forced expiratory flow-rates at lower lung volumes and higher airway hyperresponsiveness, suggesting a prominent small airways impairment.
A ferroptosis-associated gene signature for the prediction of prognosis and therapeutic response in luminal-type breast carcinoma
Authors: Peng Yang , Yu Haochen , Zhang Yingzi , Qu Fanli , Tang Zhenrong , Qu Chi , Tian Jiao , Zong Beige , Wang Yu , Ren Haoyu , Liu Shengchun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death (RCD), and its emergence has provided a new approach to the progression and drug resistance of breast cancer (BRCA). However, there is still a great gap in the study of ferroptosis-related genes in BRCA, especially luminal-type BRCA patients.Methods: We downloaded the mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of BRCA patients from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Then, we built a prognostic multigene signature with ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the METABRIC cohort and validated it in the TCGA cohort. The predictive value of this signature was investigated in terms of mutations, copy number variations (CNVs), the immune microenvironment and the probability of a response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy.Findings: The patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group by the ferroptosis-associated gene signature, and the high-risk group had a worse overall survival (OS). The risk score based on the 10 ferroptosis-related gene-based signature was determined to be an independent prognostic predictor in both the METABRIC and TCGA cohorts (HR, 1.41, 95% CI, 1.14-1.76, P = 0.002; HR, 2.19, 95% CI, 1.13-4.26, P= 0.02). Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the term “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction” was enriched in the high-risk score subgroup. Moreover, the immune infiltration scores of most immune cells were significantly different between the two groups, and the low-risk group was much more sensitive to immunotherapy and six drugs might have potential therapeutic implications in high- risk group. In addition, we found that amplifications on chromosome 11 accompanied by the deletion of chromosome 1 were enriched in the high-risk subgroup. Finally, a nomogram incorporating a classifier based on the 10 ferroptosis-related genes, tumor stage, age and histologic grade was established. This nomogram showed a favorable discriminating ability and might contribute to clinical decision-making for luminal-type breast carcinoma.
Model-based evaluation of school- and non-school-related measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rozhnova Ganna , Dorp Christiaan van , Bruijning-Verhagen Patricia , Bootsma Martin , de Wijgert Janneke van , Bonten Marc J. M. , Kretzschmar Mirjam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The role of school-based contacts in the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 is incompletely understood. We used an age-structured transmission model fitted to age-specific seroprevalence and hospital admission data to assess the effects of school-based measures at different time points during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands. Our analyses suggest that the impact of measures reducing school-based contacts depends on the remaining opportunities to reduce non-school-based contacts. If opportunities to reduce the effective reproduction number (Re) with non-school-based measures are exhausted or undesired and Re is still close to 1, the additional benefit of school-based measures may be considerable, particularly among older school children. As two examples, we demonstrate that keeping schools closed after the summer holidays in 2020, in the absence of other measures, would not have prevented the second pandemic wave in autumn 2020 but closing schools in November 2020 could have reduced Re below 1, with unchanged non-school-based contacts.
Age-dependent pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in ferrets
Authors: Kim Young-Il , Yu Kwang-Min , Koh June-Young , Kim Eun-Ha , Kim Se-Mi , Kim Eun Ji , Casel Mark Anthony , Rollon Rare , Jang Seung-Gyu , Song Min-Suk , Park Su-Jin , Jeong Hye Won , Kim Eung-Gook , Lee Ok-Jun , Choi Younho , Lee Shin-Ae , Park Su-Hyung , Jung Jae U. , Choi Young Ki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
While the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in healthy people does not differ significantly among age groups, those aged 65 years or older exhibit strikingly higher COVID-19 mortality compared to younger individuals. To further understand differing COVID-19 manifestations in patients of different ages, three age groups of ferrets were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Although SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from all ferrets regardless of age, aged ferrets (≥ 3 years old) showed higher viral loads, longer nasal virus shedding, and more severe lung inflammatory cell infiltration and clinical symptoms compared to juvenile (≤ 6 months) and young adult (1–2 years) groups. Transcriptome analysis of aged ferret lungs revealed strong enrichment of gene sets related to type I interferon, activated T cells, and M1 macrophage responses, mimicking the gene expression profile of severe COVID-19 patients. Thus, SARS-CoV-2-infected aged ferrets highly recapitulate COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms and are useful for understanding age-associated infection, transmission, and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
Proximate Composition and Spatio-temporal Heterogeneity of Phytochemicals in Agave sisalana (sisal) adapted in different agro-ecological zones of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Shahzad Sobia , Hussain Mumtaz , Munir Hassan , Arfan Muhammad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Exploring extractable phytochemicals from locally adapted sisal plant vegetation vary seasonally at different locations. This study elaborated proximate composition and phytochemical heterogeneity in sisal due to varying environmental conditions analyzed from five districts, i.e., Chakwal, Khushab, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, and Layyah in Punjab, Pakistan. Extensive surveying and plant sampling across two years 2017-18 and 2018-19, during mid-spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons were carried out for understanding the seasonal impact on sisal. The present study was designed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and analyzed considering seasonal, yearly, and locational impact. The spatial differences in phytochemicals concentration were strongly associated with environmental conditions prevailing in different seasons. Autumn season reflected saponins, tannins, and flavonoids in higher concentrations during 2018-19 while steroids and terpenoids were higher during spring 2018-19. While Spatio-temporal variations in the proximate analysis were more apparent in different samples collected from different districts. Data recorded for the Khushab district and autumn season reflected the higher composition of a proximate analysis and phytochemical contents as compared to other seasons. Overall, the spatial differences in phytochemicals concentration were strongly associated with soils and environmental conditions prevailing in different seasons in selected districts.
Musculoskeletal Practices for the Preparticipation Physical Examination
Authors: Corrente Connor , Silvis Matthew , Murphy Joseph , Gallo Robert , Onks Cayce 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Little is known about the musculoskeletal (MSK) exam providers use during the preparticipation physical exam (PPE). The primary aims of this study were to determine current practice with regards to the MSK screening exam, if goals are being met, and if there may be opportunities for improvement.Results: The study had a total of 616 participants with a response rate of 9%. The majority of respondents (82%) were familiar with the 4th Edition PPE Monograph and 80% either moderately or strongly agreed that they use this as a guideline for their MSK screening exam. The 90 second MSK screening test was implemented by 52% of the participants and 13% reported no knowledge of this test. The majority of participants use an orthopedic exam as part of their PPE (82%). 92% of participants felt satisfied that their MSK exam would screen for current injury, while only 42% were satisfied that it effectively screened for future injury. 86% of participants agree that the MSK exam should be performed, while 26% said that they don't perform a physical exam at all. Educationally, 51% received training for the MSK PPE in residency, and 62% had training in fellowship.Conclusions: Most participants believe that the MSK exam should be performed and that it effectively screens for current injuries, but there is variability as to what tests are being utilized despite the majority being familiar with the PPE Monograph. Most providers do not believe that the MSK PPE adequately screens for future injury; an overriding goal of the PPE. Residency or fellowship programs appear to be venues that education may be instituted.
Preparation and optimization of the environmental dust suppressant with agricultural waste straw
Authors: Liang Wen-Jun , Chi Hao , Zhang Zhixue , Ren Sida 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to reduce the dust pollution caused by the coal mining process, an environmental dust suppressant was synthesized by corn straw, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and additives. This study focused on the preparation conditions of this dust suppressant and the viscosity, surface tension, hardness, sedimentation time, contact angle, wind erosion resistance, and water retention capacity of the dust suppressant were investigated systematically. Response surface method was used to optimize the raw material formulation and preparation parameters. The optimum mass ratio of straw, CMC and alkali of the dust suppression was 65:20:15 (m/m), which was prepared under the conditions of the reaction time being 1.5 h, and the rotation speed being 300 r/min. The surface tension decreased from 72 mN/m to less than 50 mN/m with the addition of the additives. The prepared dust suppressant has a maximum viscosity of 363.6 mPa·s, the compressive strength could be up to 200 kPa. The wind erosion resistance of dust suppressant was significant, which could be up to 99 % at the wind speed of 14 m/s for 6 h. After spraying the dust suppressant, the gap between particles was filled with dust suppressant, and the adjacent particles were bound by strong mechanical action.
Microbial signatures in the lower airways of mechanically ventilated COVID19 patients associated with poor clinical outcome
Authors: Sulaiman Imran , Chung Matthew , Angel Luis , Koralov Sergei , Wu Benjamin , Yeung Stephen , Krolikowski Kelsey , Li Yonghua , Duerr Ralf , Schluger Rosemary , Thannickal Sara , Koide Akiko , Rafeq Samaan , Barnett Clea , Postelnicu Radu , Wang Chang , Banakis Stephanie , Perez-Perez Lizzette , Jour George , Shen Guomiao , Meyn Peter , Carpenito Joseph , Liu Xiuxiu , Ji Kun , Collazo Destiny , Labarbiera Anthony , Amoroso Nancy , Brosnahan Shari , Mukherjee Vikramjit , Kaufman David , Bakker Jan , Lubinsky Anthony , Pradhan Deepak , Sterman Daniel , Heguy Adriana , Uyeki Timothy , Clemente Jose , de Wit Emmie , Schmidt Ann Marie , Shopsin Bo , Desvignes Ludovic , Wang Chan , Li Huilin , Zhang Bin , Forst Christian , Koide Shohei , Stapleford Kenneth , Khanna Kamal , Ghedin Elodie , Weiden Michael , Segal Leopoldo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Mortality among patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure is high and there are no known lower airway biomarkers that predict clinical outcome. We investigated whether bacterial respiratory infections and viral load were associated with poor clinical outcome and host immune tone. We obtained bacterial and fungal culture data from 589 critically ill subjects with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation. On a subset of the subjects that underwent bronchoscopy, we also quantified SARS-CoV-2 viral load, analyzed the microbiome of the lower airways by metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses and profiled the host immune response. We found that isolation of a hospital-acquired respiratory pathogen was not associated with fatal outcome. However, poor clinical outcome was associated with enrichment of the lower airway microbiota with an oral commensal (Mycoplasma salivarium), while high SARS-CoV-2 viral burden, poor anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response, together with a unique host transcriptome profile of the lower airways were most predictive of mortality. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that 1) the extent of viral infectivity drives mortality in severe COVID-19, and therefore 2) clinical management strategies targeting viral replication and host responses to SARS-CoV-2 should be prioritized.
Effect of straw retention on carbon footprint under different cropping sequences in Northeast China
Authors: Song Qiulai , Zhu Jie , Gong Zhenping , Feng Yanjiang , Wang Qi , Sun Yu , Zeng Xiannan , Lai Yongcai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Inappropriate farm management practices can lead to increased agricultural inputs and changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, impacting climate change. This study assessed the potential of straw retention to mitigate the negative environmental impact of different cropping systems on the Songnen Plain using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method combined with field survey data. Straw retention (STR) and straw removal (STM) treatments were established in continuous corn (CC) and corn-soybean rotation (CS) systems in a split-plot experiment. The effects of straw retention on the carbon footprint (CF) of cropland under different cropping systems were compared. The CF under CC was 2434.0–2706.9 kg CO 2 ha -1 yr -1 , 49.3%–57.3% higher than that under CS. Nitrogen fertilizer produced the most CO 2 , accounting for 66.2%-80.4% of the CF. The carbon balances of the CC and CS systems with STR were positive, with annual carbon sequestrations of 9632.5 and 2715.9 kg CO 2 ha -1 yr -1 , respectively. The carbon balances of the CC and CS systems with STM was negative, with annual carbon sequestrations of -3589.2 and -3006.2 kg CO 2 ha -1 yr -1 , respectively. This study demonstrates that STR under CC cultivation is an environmentally friendly practice for agricultural production, can help achieve high-yield and low-carbon production in rainfed cropland, and can support the sustainable development of grain production in Northeast China.
Metabolic and immunological phenotype of rare lipomatoses: Dercum’s disease and Roch-Leri mesosomatic lipomatosis
Authors: Madleen LEMAITRE , CHEVALIER Benjamin , JANNIN Arnaud , MAPIHAN Kristell LE , BOURY Samuel , LION Georges , LABALETTE Myriam , VANTYGHEM Marie-christine 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Context Dercum’s disease (DD) and Roch-Leri mesosomatic lipomatosis (LMS) are rare and poorly characteri -zed diseases. The clinical presentation combines multiple lipomas, painful in DD in contrast with LMS, without lipoatrophy. ObjectiveTo identify any specific metabolic and immune phenotype of DD and LMS with the aim to improve their treatment.Design & PatientsThis monocentric retrospective study included 38 patients: 9 DD, 11 LMS and 18 healthy controls. Metabolic and immunohematological characteristics of each group were compared.Results The median age of the patients was similar in the 3 groups (31 years). The number of women, and of basophils, and CD3+, CD4+ and CD8 + T lymphocytes was significantly higher in the DD versus the LMS group, without any difference of the metabolic parameters. Weight, BMI, blood pressure, gamma-GT, leptin, fasting insulin and C-peptide levels, fat mass percentage, and intra/total abdominal fat ratio were significantly higher in each lipomatosis group compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the DD group had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, LDL-cholesterol, platelets, leukocytes, basophils, and a lower NK cell count, whereas the LMS group had a significantly lower rate of CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes.ConclusionDD and LMS show a common background of obesity and metabolic phenotype, but a distinct immunohematological profile characterized by a higher number of platelets, leukocytes and basophils in DD patients, an inflammatory profile that could contribute to pain. T lymphocyte depletion was present in LMS. These findings could offer specific therapeutic opportunities, especially for painful DD.NCT0178428