bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection among Kurdish people, Iran
Authors: Nikkhoo Bahram , Mahmoodian Soma , Bahrami Pourya , Daraee Arshia , Soleimani Farzad , Zamani Fatemeh , Nasseri Sherko , Rahmani Khaled 
Published: February 2025

Background and aim: Human papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection and a health concern, being the major cause of cervical cancer and genital warts. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus in the Kurdish population. Methods and materials: A total of 2650 samples from individuals attending central laboratories in Sanandaj, the center of Kurdistan Province in north-west Iran, were tested for human papillomavirus infection. Cervical samples were collected from women using a cervical brush, while semen samples were collected from men. Cervical samples were stored in a vial with cell preservation solution, while semen samples were stored at room temperature until complete liquefaction of the semen. Human papillomavirus DNA from positive samples was extracted using a high-purity viral nucleic acid kit, and human papillomavirus genotyping was performed using the ZYTOVISION human papillomavirus Chip1.0 genotyping system according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: Of the 2610 samples screened, 655 were found positive for human papillomavirus and included in the human papillomavirus molecular typing analysis. The overall prevalence of human papillomavirus in the study samples was 25.1%. Of the 655 positive samples, 645 (98.5%) were women and 10 (1.5%) were men. The mean age was 35.95 years (women: 36.06 years and men: 28.81 years). The most common genotypes identified were types 6 (30.1%), 16(14.4%), and 54(9.0%). Of those affected, 387 (59.1%) had a single human papillomavirus infection and 268 (40.9%) had multiple infections. Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of human papillomavirus among Kurdish women is relatively high. The findings highlight the importance of targeted human papillomavirus vaccination programs and screening strategies, particularly in younger age groups, to reduce the burden of human papillomavirus-related disease in this setting. Future studies should investigate the impact of cultural and behavioral factors on human papillomavirus transmission and associated health outcomes in this population.
Leveraging BiLSTM-CRF and adversarial training for sentiment analysis in nature-based digital interventions: Enhancing mental well-being through MOOC platforms
Authors: Zang Juanjuan 
Published: February 2025

Objective This study aims to leverage annotated textual data from a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) platform to conduct sentiment analysis of learners’ interactions with nature-based digital interventions, which seeks to enhance sentiment classification and provide insights into learners’ affective experiences, ultimately facilitating timely psychological interventions and improving curriculum design. Methods This study leverages the extensive corpus of annotated textual data available on a MOOC platform, encompassing learners’ assessments, inquiries, and recommendations. By performing meticulous sentiment analysis, we aim to understand the subjective sentiments of learners engaging with nature-based digital interventions. To achieve this, we integrate a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) network with a Conditional Random Field (CRF). The BiLSTM captures word associations in both forward and backward directions, feeding these results into the CRF network to establish the conditional distribution between the feature function and labels. This ensures high-quality feature extraction, precise label assignment, and the derivation of evaluation metrics. Furthermore, adversarial training is introduced to enhance aspect sentiment classification. This involves incorporating perturbations in the embedding space, generating adversarial samples at the embedding layer and semantic feature fusion layer, and combining these with the original samples for model training. Results Experimental outcomes demonstrate that the proposed model achieves precision, recall, and F1 scores of 83.71, 85.66, and 84.67 on the SemEval-2014 dataset, and 80.63, 83.06, and 81.76 on the Coursera dataset. Conclusion Notably, the sentiment prediction efficacy surpasses that of comparative models, underscoring the proficiency of the proposed scheme. By harnessing the proposed model, educators and administrators can effectively sift through learners’ affective information, facilitating timely psychological interventions and curriculum guidance. This study contributes to the growing body of research on digital mental health interventions within natural settings, providing valuable insights into how technology can support and enhance mental well-being in these contexts.
High Prevalence of Asymptomatic STIs in MSM PWH in a Male HIV Clinic in Mexico City
Authors: Sánchez Navarro Juan Pablo , Barriga Angulo Gustavo , Mata Marín José Antonio , Rodríguez Evaristo Mara , Padilla Noguera Paola Edith , Gaytán Martínez Jesús Enrique 
Published: February 2025

Background The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains high among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH). This study determined the prevalence of asymptomatic STIs in MSM PWH attending an HIV clinic in Mexico City. Methods This cross-sectional study (May 2022-November 2023) included self-questionnaires on STI-related behaviors and symptoms, urethral samples for multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serological tests for syphilis, HBV, and HCV. Results Among 261 patients, 56.7% were receiving antiretroviral therapy, 41.8% had suppressed HIV-1 viral load, and 26.1% tested positive for at least one STI in urethral PCR. The most prevalent microorganisms were Ureaplasma urealyticum (14.9%), Mycoplasma hominis (6.9%), Mycoplasma genitalium (4.2%), and Chlamydia trachomatis (3.1%). Multiple infections were identified in 5.3% of cases. Seroprevalence rates for syphilis, HBV, and HCV were 17.6%, 6.5%, and 3.1%, respectively. Current smoking and insertive anal sex were the only statistically significant associated factors. Conclusions This study underscores the high frequency of asymptomatic STIs and the importance of regular screening.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Zidovudine-Induced Anemia in Patients With HIV Infection Receiving Zidovudine-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Boonyagars Lakkana , Thinpangnga Peerawit , Munsakul Warangkana 
Published: February 2025

Background Anemia is among the frequently observed conditions among people living with HIV (PLWH). Zidovudine (AZT) is the most common ART that causes anemia. This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of AZT-induced anemia in PLWH receiving AZT-containing regimens. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on nonpregnant PLWH aged >18 years who received AZT-containing regimens for >6 months and had normal baseline hemoglobin levels. Data on medical history, clinical characteristics, and laboratory examination were collected. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors of AZT-induced anemia. Results A total of 401 individuals were included in the study. In total, 71 individuals presented with AZT-induced anemia. The incidence rate of anemia was 1.98 per 100 person-years of observations. Female sex, low-normal baseline hemoglobin level, low recent and low baseline CD4 cell count were independently associated with an increased risk of anemia. However, a higher body mass index was independently associated with a decreased risk of anemia. Conclusion Routine screening, early detection, and treatment of anemia should be considered in PLWH receiving AZT-containing regimens.
Impact of central adjudication of the score on the modified Rankin Scale in an international, randomized, acute stroke trial
Authors: Sluis Wouter M , de Jonge Jeroen C , Reinink Hendrik , Wilson Alastair , Woodhouse Lisa J , Dawson Jesse , Lees Kennedy R , Bath Philip M , van der Worp Hendrik Bart 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is the most frequently used primary outcome measure in acute stroke research despite significant interobserver variability in assigning grades. We assessed the use of central blinded adjudication of the mRS based on a video recording of an interview in the PRECIOUS trial. Patients and methods: PRECIOUS was an international, randomized, open-label, clinical trial with blinded outcome assessment of preventive treatment with metoclopramide, paracetamol, and ceftriaxone in elderly patients with acute stroke. Trained local investigators interviewed patients or their representatives and graded functional outcome at 90 days after stroke with the mRS. In each participating country, a video recording of the interview was assessed by three blinded, independent adjudicators. The primary outcome of the present substudy was interobserver agreement between the local mRS score and the median score of the three central adjudicators for patients alive at 90 days, assessed with Cohen’s kappa and quadratic weighted kappa statistics. The difference between treatment effect estimates based on local and central adjudication was a secondary outcome. Results: Of 1493 patients enrolled in PRECIOUS, 1471 were included in this analysis. At 90 days, 1117 patients (75.9%) were alive and had both a central and local assessment; 28 participants did not have a central mRS score. Interobserver agreement was seen in 829 (74.2%) patients and was substantial (kappa of 0.68; 95% CI 0.65–0.71). Disagreement occurred more often in patients with a central mRS score of 0–2 (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.14–4.24). Treatment effects were neutral for all three study drugs and did not differ between central and local adjudication. Discussion and conclusion: Central adjudication of the mRS based on a video recording is feasible in a large international, randomized stroke trial. This ensures blinding of the outcome assessment. In this neutral trial, the impact of central adjudication on the precision of effect size estimates could not be assessed.
All-Inside Bicruciate Ligament and Open Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction With Suture Augmentation
Authors: Gwilt Matthew S. , Groothoff Jonathan D. , Puckett Caleb D. , van der List Jelle P. , Fiegen Anthony P. , Waterman Brian R. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Multiligamentous knee injuries (MLKIs) are complex, often highly traumatic injuries that require broad surgical techniques to restore joint stability. This study outlines novel surgical techniques for posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction with suture augmentation in the context of bicruciate reconstruction. Indications: Reconstruction is indicated in complete tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), and PLC due to joint instability. Allografts augmented with suture augmentation may be implemented at surgeon and patient discretion for enhanced long-term graft viability and have the benefits of lower donor morbidity with allografts along with suture augmentation to prevent stretching of allografts. Technique Description: The ACL was reconstructed with all-inside tunnels and allograft usage, and the same was performed for single-bundle allograft PCL reconstruction. The PLC reconstruction consisted of a modified open Arciero technique in which the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and popliteus were reconstructed using 1 continuous allograft, and additional suture augmentation was performed for the LCL to prevent stretching. The PCL was fixed first, after which the ACL and the PLC were fixed. Results: At 6 weeks postoperatively, the patient continues to progress in restoring passive range of motion and tolerance of partial weightbearing. Barring any potential complications, a full recovery is expected in approximately 9 to 12 months, as is consistent with the MLKI recovery protocol. Discussion/Conclusion: This study describes the surgical management of a Schenck knee dislocation class III-L injury with concomitant Arciero open PLC reconstruction in a 65-year-old man. The ideal strategy for reconstruction of MLKIs is unclear and warrants further evidence to help guide treatment in the context of concomitant injuries. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Electro-oxidation of synthetic lignin with linoleic acid and co-catalyst
Authors: Xie Bing , Tobimatsu Yuki , Takano Toshiyuki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA) was investigated as an electron transfer catalyst in biomimetic lignin degradation with an electrolytic mediator system (EMS). Initial attempts of electro-oxidations of synthetic lignin, guaiacyl (G)-type dehydrogenation polymer (G-DHP), with LA alone at 0.8 V and 1.8 V, resulted in limited G-DHP conversion, suggesting that LA-mediated EMS is not effective when LA was used alone. Next, electro-oxidations of G-DHP with LA with O2-sparging as well as in the presence of co-catalysts, such as p-coumaric acid (PCA), tris(2,2′-bipyridine) iron(II) [Fe(bpy)3], and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) were performed. The combined use of oxygen and co-catalysts appeared to be effective to promote G-DHP conversion. In particular, G-DHP conversion proceeded effectively in the electro-oxidation with LA/HBT at 0.6 V, as demonstrated by structural analysis of the electrolysis residues using nuclear magnetic resonance. HBT was also found to be a vital mediator when used alone in the present system. Overall, the combined use of oxygen and co-catalysts was essential for the EMS oxidation with LA, as reported in laccase mediator system (LMS) oxidation with LA.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest event after cancer diagnosis: a korean metropolitan cohort study
Authors: Lee Sun Young , Park Jeong Ho , Kim Yoonjic , Lee Jungah , Ro Young Sun , Song Kyoung Jun , Do Shin Sang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The importance of assessing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) risk in cancer patients is increasing as cancer incidence rises in aging populations.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the association between newly diagnosed cancer and OHCA risk using a metropolitan cohort from South Korea.

Methods
A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted, linking the nationwide OHCA registry with the National Health Information Database. The study included adults aged 40 years or older, residing in Seoul between 2015 and 2018, with no history of cancer or OHCA. The main exposure was cancer development. The primary outcome was the occurrence of OHCA with medical cause. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a cause-specific hazard model considering death as a competing risk. Analyses stratified by age group and cancer type were also conducted.

Results
During a follow-up period of up to 4 years for 5,450,438 individuals, 174,785 participants developed cancer. The incidence rates of OHCA per 100,000 person-years were 54.0 in non-cancer and 145.0 in cancer groups, respectively. The aHR (95% CI) for OHCA associated with cancer development was 3.18 (2.97–3.41). The aHR (95% CI) for OHCA was highest in the 40–49 years of age group (7.52 [5.52–10.25]), followed by 50–59 years old (6.66 [5.56–7.97]) compared to older age groups. By cancer type, pancreatic, lung, biliary tract, and liver cancer were associated with a significantly increased risk of OHCA.

Conclusion
We found an association between newly diagnosed cancer and the occurrence of OHCA. Our findings underscore the importance of tailored risk assessments and proactive care planning for patients with cancer.
Mental health conditions of young ethiopians who use substances: a cross-sectional study in West Arsi zone
Authors: Shifa Jemal Ebrahim , Adams Jon , Demant Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Mental health conditions among young Ethiopians present a pressing public health concern, posing risks to their well-being and productivity. However, there is a limited understanding of the prevalence and associated factors among young people who use substances in the West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. This study investigated the prevalence of mental health conditions and associated factors among young people who use substances in the West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 427 randomly selected young people aged 14–29 years in the West Arsi Zone of the Oromia region, Ethiopia from May 18, 2023, to September 22, 2023. Data were collected through structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associations between the outcome and independent variables. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Technology Sydney, Australia, and Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia.

Results
A total of 424 participants were included in the analysis, giving a response rate of 99.3%. The prevalence of mental health conditions was 47% (95% CI: 40.1%, 54.2%) among substance users and 26% (95% CI: 20.3%, 32.2%) among nonusers. In the final model, among substance users, participant sex, education level, family history of substance use, and family history of mental illness remained significantly associated with mental health conditions. Among nonusers, participant sex, perceived social support, and family history of mental illness remained significant predictors of mental health conditions.

Conclusions
Approximately half of the participants who used substances reported experiencing mental health conditions. This result highlights the need for appropriately focused interventions to address the growing challenges of mental health conditions and substance use among young people in Ethiopia.
Misconceptions, prejudice and social distance towards people with alcohol use disorders in China
Authors: Yang Qingyan , Rüsch Nicolas , Yang Kebing , Niu Yajuan , Xiao Yanxia , Zhou Yanfang , Tan Yunlong , Zhang Yi , Corrigan Patrick W. , Xu Ziyan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Research from Western societies indicates pervasive public stigma against people with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). However, there is a lack of knowledge about the interactions between different components of stigma and their contribution to discriminatory behaviour towards individuals with AUDs within the Chinese cultural context. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the relationships of (mis-)conceptions, stereotypes, emotional reactions, perceived public stigma and their contribution to the desire for social distance among the Chinese adults.

Methods
(Mis-)conceptions, stereotypes, emotional responses, willingness to help and avoid, perceived stigma, and the desire for social distance from individuals with AUDs were assessed via a cross-sectional online survey with a sample of 1,100 adults from the Chinese population.

Results
Three-fourth of the participants recognised AUDs as mental illnesses, though 70% of the sample did not support health insurance coverage for the treatment of AUDs. A stronger desire for social distance was associated with greater recognition of alcohol use disorders as mental illnesses, heightened perceptions of dangerousness and personal responsibility, increased fear, and more willingness to avoid and withhold help, controlling for age, gender, education, employment, mental health service utilisation, and alcohol consumption. Fear fully mediated the effects of perceptions of dangerousness and responsibility on the desire for social distance.

Conclusions
To improve social integration for individuals with AUDs in China, culturally tailored anti-stigma programmes are needed to reduce negative attitudes and discriminatory behaviours among the Chinese population.
Effect of individual preventive practices on COVID-19 infection: an analysis of big data collected at PCR testing centers in Hiroshima, Japan
Authors: Nagata Tatsuhiro , Chimed-Ochir Odgerel , Yumiya Yui , Tanaka Junko , Kuwabara Masao , Kitahara Kanako , Ohge Hiroki , Kubo Tatsuhiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
By May 7, 2023, COVID-19 had significantly impacted Japan, with 33,728,909 infections and 74,663 deaths reported. Hiroshima Prefecture alone recorded 816,354 cases and 1,373 deaths. The World Health Organization emphasized the importance of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for preventing infectious disease transmission. Individual NPIs, such as hand hygiene, mask wearing, and avoiding crowded places, comprise simple everyday measures that individuals can personally undertake to protect themselves and others from contracting and transmitting respiratory infections. Japan’s Cabinet Secretariat also recommended these measures. Previous studies investigated the effectiveness of NPIs but often used relatively short data-collection periods. Starting in May 2020, Hiroshima Prefecture adopted a unique COVID-19 public health surveillance policy that used standardized data-collection forms. The present analysis examines the association between individual NPIs and COVID-19 infections.

Methods
Data were collected at 14 PCR centers from April 1, 2021, to August 3, 2022 in Hiroshima Prefecture. Participants filled out the J-SPEED-style COVID-19 form, which included items on demographic information, job type, symptoms, and NPIs. The data were analyzed for demographic information, NPI compliance rates, infection rates in relation to NPI adoption, and adjusted risk ratios, which were obtained using a multivariate log-binomial regression model.

Results
A total of 1,125,188 tested cases from 4th to 7th waves were analyzed. Among the study population, the infection rate increased through the various waves, with the highest rate (8.3%) seen in the 7th wave. Adults aged 40–49 were most commonly tested, while those aged 60–69 had the lowest infection rates. Wearing masks/washing hands was the most commonly followed NPI. Compliance with NPIs decreased through the waves. Individuals adhering to NPIs had lower infection rates. The number of preventive measures adopted was correlated with a reduced infection risk.

Conclusion
This analysis provides evidence to guide COVID-19 prevention policies. Simultaneous adherence to multiple NPIs proved more effective in preventing COVID-19. Despite changes in viral strains and the number of infected cases, hand washing/mask wearing, refraining from travel, and refraining from dining out significantly associated with a reduction of COVID-19 infection. Our findings are likely to be applicable in future infectious disease outbreaks.