bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Therapeutic Targets and Prognostic Biomarkers of CXC Chemokines in Cervical Cancer Microenvironment
Authors: Kong Wei na , Zhao Gang , Chen Hai xia , Wang Wei na , Shang Xiao qian , Sun Qian nan , Guo Fan , Ma Xiu min 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: It is well known that the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been received an increasing number of attention. CXC chemokines could regulate immune cell transport and tumor cell activity, thus exerting anti-tumor immunity. However, studies on the expression and prognosis of CXC chemokines in cervical cancer (CC) are more limited. Methods: The study investigated the role of CXC chemokines in the TME and prognosis of CC using public databases. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of CXC chemokines were performed to further verify. Results: The transcriptional levels of CXCL1/3/5/6/8/9/10/11/13/14/16/17 in CC tissues were significantly elevated while the transcriptional levels of CXCL2/4/7/12 were significantly reduced. We reached a consistent conclusion that the expression of CXCL9/10/11/13 was verified by Q-PCR and IHC. Moreover, CC patients with low transcriptional levels of CXCL1/2/3/4/5/8 were signifi-cantly associated with longer overall survival (OS). Our data suggest that RELA, NFKB1, and SP1 are key transcription factors for CXC chemokines, and the LCK, LYN and PAK are CXC chemokine kinases targets. We found significant correlations among the expression of CXC chemokines and the infiltration of six types of immune cells. Conclusions: We performed a comprehensive analysis of CXC chemokines via clinical data and some online tumor database. Our results may provide new idea for the selection of immunotherapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for cervical cancer.
Higher NDUFS8 Serum Levels Correlate with Better Insulin Sensitivity in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Flotyńska Justyna , Klause Daria , Kulecki Michał , Cieluch Aleksandra , Pakuła Martyna , Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz Dorota , Uruska Aleksandra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the function of Complex I by measuring NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8 serum level and the relationship with insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes. T1DM causes adverse changes in the mitochondria, which can influence the development of chronic complications. The NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8 (NDUFS8 protein) is a subunit of NADH dehydrogenase and plays an important role in the mitochondrial function. NDUFS8 serum concentration probably reflects the function of mitochondria. Methods: All of 36 people suffer from T1DM. All participants were treated with functional intensive insulin therapy. NDUFS8 protein serum concentration was measured using the ELISA test. Insulin resistance was evaluated with indirect marker estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR). The group was divided on the base of median value of eGDR (higher eGDR – less IR). Results: The study group consisted of 12 women and 24 men, aged 39.5 (28.0-46.5) years with the duration of the disease 22 (15-26) years. Medians of eGDR and NDUFS8 protein concentration were 7.6 (5.58-8.99) mg/kg/min and 2.25 (0.72-3.81) ng/ml, respectively. The group with higher insulin sensitivity had higher NDUFS8 protein serum concentration, lower WHR, BMI and they were younger. A negative correlation was observed between NDUFS8 protein serum concentration and WHR (rs=-0.35,p=0.03), whereas a positive correlation was observed between NDUFS8 protein serum concentration and eGDR (rs=0.43,p=0.008). Multivariate linear regression confirmed a significant association between insulin sensitivity and better mitochondrial function (beta=0.54,p=0.003), independent of age, duration of diabetes and smoking. Conclusions: Higher NDUFS8 protein serum concentration is associated with higher insulin sensitivity among people with T1DM and might reflects better mitochondrial function.
Ab Initio Thermodynamics Reveals the Nanocomposite Structure of Ferrihydrite
Authors: Sassi Michel , Chaka Anne , Rosso Kevin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ferrihydrite is a poorly crystalline iron oxyhydroxide nanomineral that serves a critical role as the most bioavailable form of ferric iron for living systems. However, its atomic structure and composition remain unclear due in part to ambiguities in interpretation of X-ray scattering results. Prevailing models so far have not considered the prospect that at the level of individual nanoparticles multiple X-ray indistinguishable phases could coexist. Using ab initio thermodynamics we show that ferrihydrite is likely a nanocomposite of distinct structure types whose distribution depends on particle size, temperature, and hydration. Nanoparticles of two contrasting single-phase ferrihydrite models of Michel and Manceau are here shown to be thermodynamically equivalent across a wide range of temperature and pressure conditions despite differences in their structural water content. Higher temperature and water pressure favor the formation of the former, while lower temperature and water pressure favor the latter. For aqueous suspensions at ambient conditions, their coexistence is maximal for particle sizes up to 12 nm. The predictions can be connected to and help resolve different observations in various experiments.
Self-Heating Hotspots in Superconducting Nanowires Cooled by Phonon Black-Body Radiation
Authors: Dane Andrew , Allmaras Jason , Zhu Di , Onen Murat , Colangelo Marco , Baghdadi Reza , Tambasco Jean-Luc , Morimoto Yukimi , Forno Ignacio Estay , Charaev Ilya , Zhao Qing-Yuan , Skvortsov Mikhail , Kozorezov Alexander , Berggren Karl 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Controlling thermal transport is important for a range of devices and technologies, from phase change memories to next-generation electronics. This is especially true in nano-scale devices where thermal transport is altered by the influence of surfaces and changes in dimensionality. In superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) between the nanowire and the substrate it is fabricated on influences most of the performance metrics that make these detectors attractive for applications. This includes the maximum count rate, latency, jitter, and quantum efficiency. Despite its importance, the study of TBC in superconducting nanowire devices has not been done systematically, primarily due to the lack of a straightforward characterization method. Here, we show that simple electrical measurements can be used to estimate the TBC between nanowires and substrates and that these measurements match acoustic mismatch theory across a variety of substrates. Numerical simulations allow us to refine our understanding, however, open questions remain. This work should enable thermal engineering in superconducting nanowire electronics and cryogenic detectors for improved device performance.
An Efficient Route Optimization Using Ticket-Id Based Routing Management System (T-ID BRM)
Authors: S Venkatasubramanian , A Suhasini , C Vennila 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
MANET – Mobile Ad Hoc Network is the connection of several remote mobile nodes. These networks are dynamic and independent to move anywhere. It does not contain any central controller, and hence it is stated as a structure less network. MANET is one of the most emerging technologies getting popular in recent days. It's significant features, and real-time issues grab the research community's attention towards it. The unstable data transmission will leverage the overall network performance, and designing an energy-efficient routing protocol is challenging. The main reason for this problem is the lack of a stable multipath routing system and resource constraints. Various research works have launched several efficient routing mechanisms, but the need for advancement still exists. In this paper, we propose a Ticket –ID Based Routing management system for enabling reliable routing for the entire network. The proposed system work under the TID principle, which executes according to the node properties and routing maintenance system. This system works under the supervision of TID- Routing manger. The TID routing manager is responsible for managing the ticketing pool and allocating unique ticket-ID based on the collected node factors such as energy, node location, speed, etc. The proposed routing system facilitates the shortest path for reliable communication. An experimental work using NS- simulator is done with the proposed method. The proposed work's efficiency is determined using a comparison work between T-ID BRM with TABRP, OGFSO, and PDMR. The observation states that the proposed Ticket-ID system achieves 94% better than other existing methods.
Sex Differences in Recovery of Motor Function in a Rhesus Monkey Model of Cortical Injury
Authors: Bottenfield Karen R. , Bowley Bethany , Pessina Monica , Medalla Maria , Rosene Douglas , Moore Tara 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Stroke disproportionately affects men and women, with women over 65 experiencing increased severity of impairment and higher mortality rates than men. Human studies have explored risk factors that contribute to these differences, but additional research is needed to investigate how sex differences affect functional recovery and hence the severity of impairment. In the present study, we used our non-human primate model of cortical injury and fine motor impairment to compare sex differences in the rate and degree of motor recovery following this injury. Methods: Aged male and female rhesus monkeys were trained on a task of fine motor function of the hand before undergoing surgery to produce a cortical lesion limited to the hand area representation of the primary motor cortex. Post-operative testing began two weeks after the damage and continued for 12 weeks. All trials were video recorded and latency to retrieve a reward was quantitatively measured to assess the trajectory of post-operative response latency and grasp pattern compared to pre-operative levels. Results: Postmortem analysis showed no differences in lesion volume between male and female. However, females returned to their pre-operative latency and grasp patterns significantly faster than males. To further investigate this finding, we also performed a correlation analyses comparing pre-operative estrogen levels in the females with all measures of recovery. No significant relationship was found. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the need for additional studies to further investigate the role of estrogen and other sex hormones that may differentially affect recovery outcomes in the primate brain.
Ability of The Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Y904 to Tolerate and Adapt to High Concentrations of Selenium
Authors: Mota Layna Amorim , Silva Ana Paula Maria da , Silva Eric Alberto da , Leite Gabriela Maria Ferreira Lima , Calegari Rubens Perez , Baptista Antonio Sampaio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The rational use of by-products is essential for the development of a sustainable society. Worldwide, the alcoholic fermentation industry generates a large surplus of yeasts, on the scale of millions of tons. So there is a need for beneficial applications to humanity of this surplus. Yeasts, in turn, have the ability to bioaccumulate minerals and enable their bioavailability after cell autolysis. Among these minerals, we highlight selenium (Se), which participates in the formation of antioxidant enzymes. The objectives of the work were to define the minimum and maximum concentration of Se that yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae – Y904) support and the concentrations that they tolerate once adapted. To this end, a test of tolerance to Se was carried out, using treatments with different concentrations of Se. The adaptive process started at the maximum concentration obtained in the tolerance test of 60 µg mL− 1, with an increasing addition of 6 µg mL− 1, reaching up to 246 µg mL− 1 of Se. The macromorphological characteristics and number of colony forming units were evaluated. It was identified that yeasts without adaptation grew on substrate containing up to 60 µg mL− 1 of Se and those adapted, up to 246 µg mL− 1 of Se. In addition to the reduction in yeast growth speed, from the concentration of 84 µg mL− 1 of Se in the medium, morphological changes in colony color were observed. It is concluded that non-adapted yeasts support up to 60 µg mL− 1 of Se and, after the adaptive process, they support 246 µg mL− 1 of Se in the medium.
Turnover of Type I and III Collagen Predicts Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Jessen Henrik , Hoyer Nils , Prior Thomas , Frederiksen Peder , Karsdal Morten , Leeming Diana , Bendstrup Elisabeth , Sand Jannie , Shaker Saher 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the accumulation of fibrillar collagens in the alveolar space resulting in reduced pulmonary function and a high mortality rate. Biomarkers measuring the turnover of type I and III collagen could provide valuable information for prognosis and treatment decisions in IPF. Methods: Serological biomarkers reflecting the formation of type III collagen (PRO-C3) and degradation of type I (C1M) and III collagen (C3M) were evaluated in a real-world cohort of 178 newly diagnosed IPF patients. Blood samples and clinical data were collected at baseline, six, and 12 months. Baseline and longitudinal biomarker levels were related to disease progression of IPF (defined as >5% decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) and/or >10% decline in diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) and/or all-cause mortality at 12 months). Furthermore, we analysed differences in percentage change of biomarker levels from baseline between patients receiving antifibrotic treatment or not.Results: Increased baseline levels of type I and III collagen turnover biomarkers were associated with a greater risk of disease progression within 12 months compared to patients with a low baseline type I and III collagen turnover. Patients with progressive disease had higher serum levels of C1M (P=0.038) and PRO-C3 (P=0.0022) compared to those with stable disease over one year. There were no differences in biomarker levels between patients receiving pirfenidone, nintedanib, or no antifibrotics. Conclusion: Baseline levels of type I and III collagen turnover were associated with disease progression within 12 months in a real-world cohort of IPF patients. Longitudinal biomarker levels of type I and III collagen turnover were related to progressive disease. Moreover, antifibrotic therapy did not affect type I and III collagen turnover biomarkers in these patients. PRO-C3 and C1M may be potential biomarkers for a progressive disease behavior in IPF.
Validation of ZMYND8 as a New Treatment Target in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Choi Sangjoon , Lee Keun-Woo , Koh Hyun Hee , Park Sujin , Yeo So-Young , Joh Jae-Won , Choi Moon Seok , Kim Seok-Hyung , Park Cheol- Keun , Ha Sang Yun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: ZMYND8 (zinc ﬁnger MYND (Myeloid, Nervy and DEAF-1)-type containing 8) has been known to play an important role in tumor regulation in various types of cancer. However, the results of ZMYND8 expression and their clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not yet been published. In the present study, we investigate the expression of ZMYND8 protein and mRNA in HCC and elucidate its prognostic significance.Methods: ZMYND8 protein and mRNA expression in 283 and 234 HCCs were investigated using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions. The relationships between ZMYND8 expression with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of HCC patients were evaluated. Furthermore, we performed the invasion, migration, apoptosis, soft agar formation assay and sphere formation assay in HCC cell lines, and evaluated tumorigenicity in a nude mouse model, after ZMYND8 knockdown. Results: Overexpression of ZMYND8 protein and mRNA was observed in 20.5% and 26.9% of HCC cases, respectively. High ZMYND8 expression showed significant correlations with microvascular invasion, high Edmondson grade, advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), and increased alpha-fetoprotein level. ZMYND8 mRNA overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for predicting early recurrence as well as short recurrence-free survival (RFS). Downregulation of ZMYND8 reduced migration and invasion of HCC cells, and promoted apoptosis of HCC cells in an in vitro model. In a xenograft nude mouse model, knockdown of ZMYND8 significantly reduced tumor growth.Conclusions: ZMYND8 mRNA overexpression could be a prognostic marker of shorter RFS in HCC patients after curative resection. ZMYND8 might play an important role in the proliferation and progression of HCC and could be a promising candidate for targeted therapy.
Identifying Condition-action Statements in Medical Guidelines: Three Studies using Machine Learning and Domain Adaptation
Authors: Hematialam Hossein , Zadrozny Wlodek W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Medical guidelines provide the conceptual link between a diagnosis and a recommendation. They often disagree on their recommendations. There are over thirty five thousand guidelines indexed by PubMed, which creates a need for automated methods for analysis of recommendations, i.e., recommended actions, for similar conditions. Results: This article advances the state of the art in text understanding of medical guidelines by showing the applicability of transformer-based models and transfer learning (domain adaptation) to the problem of finding condition-action and other conditional sentences. We report results of three studies using syntactic, semantic and deep learning methods, with and without transformer-based models such as BioBERT and BERT. We perform in depth evaluation on a set of three annotated medical guidelines. Our experiments show that a combination of machine learning domain adaptation and transfer can improve the ability to automatically find conditional sentences in clinical guidelines. We show substantial improvements over prior art (up to 25%), and discuss several directions of extending this work, including addressing the problem of paucity of annotated data.Conclusion: Modern deep learning methods, when applied to the text of clinical guidelines, yield substantial improvements in our ability to find sentences expressing the relations of condition-consequence, condition-action and action.
Risk of Major Bleeding and Thromboembolism in Asian Atrial Fibrillation Patients Using Non-vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin
Authors: Huang Ya-Ling , Chen Ching-Yao , Chu Ching-Chi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Bleeding or thromboembolism prevention is important in patients with atrial ﬁbrillation receiving anticoagulants, including non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants and warfarin. Asians have higher risks of bleeding complications when taking anticoagulants. However, evidence that considers laboratory parameters is lacking.Objective: We aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness between non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants and warfarin in Asian patients with atrial ﬁbrillation.Setting: Retrospective design using hospital-based data.Method: This propensity score-matched cohort study included data extracted from the electronic medical records of the En Chu Kong Hospital Research Database. Main outcome measure: Outcome measures were major bleeding and thromboembolism. Cox proportional hazard models were applied for evaluating hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals.Results: Among 1,075 patients with atrial ﬁbrillation, 687 and 388 were administered non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants and warfarin, respectively. After propensity score matching, 264 patient pairs were selected. Compared with warfarin use, non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant use was associated with similar risks for major bleeding and thromboembolism; however, the latter was associated with increased gastrointestinal bleeding risks (adjusted hazard ratio 3.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-11.39). Notably, an approximately 10-fold increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding was observed in 0-6-month non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant users (adjusted hazard ratio 10.13, 95% confidence interval 1.27-80.89). Conclusion: Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant use was not associated with major bleeding and thromboembolism occurrence in Asian patients with atrial ﬁbrillation. However, non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant use was associated with increased gastrointestinal bleeding risks, especially when used within 0-6 months.
Assessment of the Biological Response of the Scleractinian Coral Seriatopora Hystrix to Sunscreen Products
Authors: Canavez Andrezza D. P. M. , Renouf Eloïse , Mercy Marine , Lorencini Marcio , Schuck Desiree C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Every second, 0.8 litres of sunscreen enters ocean waters, which corresponds to the release of 25.000 tons per year. UV filters may present substantial threats to marine fauna and flora and have an impact similar to that of other contaminants. Coral reefs play a major role in marine biodiversity, and some publications suggest that they are threatened by the release of sunscreen into the environment, which should cause bleaching. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential impact of sunscreen products on hard corals. Laboratory experiments in which Seriatopora hystrix coral fragments were exposed to 9 sunscreens at concentrations up to 100 mg/L for 96 hours were conducted, and the biological responses of the fragments were assessed. The examined parameters were coral bleaching and polyp retraction. The results obtained revealed that the 9 tested sunscreens had no effects on S. hystrix, with a recorded NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) of 100 mg/L for both tested parameters. This concentration is much higher than those of chemicals in the natural environment, which are on the order of µg/L or ng/L. Under the conditions in this experiment, the absence of toxic effects from the tested sunscreens allows us to argue the absence of potential danger on corals.
Fabrication and Characterization of Friction Stir-Processed Mg-Zn-Ca Biomaterials Strengthened with MgO Particles
Authors: Liu Zhen , Cai Yangchuan , Chen Jie , Han Jian , Mao Zhiyong , Chen Minfang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Magnesium alloy composites play an important role in biomaterials field. In this study, a novel Mg-Zn-Ca matrix composite was reinforced by adding 1.0 wt.% MgO nanoparticles via the high shear casting process. Hereafter, friction stir processing (FSP) was used to achieve a good dispersion of MgO particles and improve the mechanical properties of the composites. After the preparation of the novel composite materials, varied characterization and performance test methods have been selected for comparison. The results illustrate that through FSP, the corresponding microstructure and properties of as-cast MgO/Mg-Zn-Ca composites were significantly modified, and the best combination of the key parameters is 1200 rpm and 60 mm/min for rotational velocity and traveling speed, respectively. After the optimized FSP treatment, the grains size in FSP-processed composites were refined by 42%, to reach 1.04 μm. Due to the grain refinement and the redistribution of MgO particles, the hardness of the FSP-processed MgO/Mg-Zn-Ca composites were increased by 40%, to reach 101.2 HV. Further, it displayed excellent corrosion resistance as well as strength. Compared to the strengthening through grain refinement, the particle strengthening is more dominant based on the study. And meanwhile, the modified grains and added MgO particles are beneficial to the properties of the nugget zones.