bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonprofit expense management and the zero-profit threshold
Authors: Miller Stephanie Monteiro 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
In a wide variety of settings, individuals target round-numbered thresholds, relaxing effort when they are out of reach. This paper aims to investigate whether this phenomenon occurs in nonprofits as well.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper empirically examines nonprofits’ propensity to cut expenses relative to the attainability of the zero-profit threshold.

Findings
This paper finds nonprofit firms are more likely to cut expenses when faced with small expected losses than with larger losses, and this pattern varies predictably with incentives to reach the zero-profit threshold.

Research limitations/implications
This suggests managers are motivated by desire to reach the zero-profit threshold rather than to improve firms’ economic situations, as the propensity to cut expenses is lower when the threshold is out of reach.

Social implications
Additionally, the results suggest that even the lack of explicit profit motive may not quell earnings management behavior.

Originality/value
These results begin to close the gap in our understanding of expense management in nonprofit firms, showing how operating expenses can be used to manage earnings.
Give full play to the talent: exploring when perceived overqualification leads to more altruistic helping behavior through extra effort
Authors: Ma Chao , Chen (George) Zhen Xiong , Jiang Xinhui 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to build a moderate mediation model to delineate when and how employee with perceived overqualification will exert extra effort and therefore engage in more altruistic helping behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe research hypotheses were empirically tested using multitime and multisource survey data. Given the nested nature of data (i.e. 52 immediate supervisors rated 143 subordinates), multilevel structural equation modeling analyses within Mplus were conducted to test the proposed model.FindingsThe results support the proposed moderated mediation effect and indicate that perceived overqualification is positively related to extra effort on a condition that there is either strong desire for higher workplace status or more developmental job opportunities. The extra effort will subsequently lead to more altruistic helping behavior.Practical implicationsBased on the findings of this paper, human resource managers should consider the job applicant’s desire for workplace status and the organizational context the employer can provide when hiring overqualified employees. Second, organizations should carefully conduct job design to improve overqualified employees’ on-the-job developmental experiences. Third, training programs should be conducted to help satisfy needs and improve workplace status of overqualified employees, so that they can exert extra job effort and engage in pro-organizational behaviors.Originality/valueDrawing on motivation–opportunity–ability theory, this paper extends the limited understanding of important boundary conditions under which perceived overqualification can be beneficial. The findings add to the knowledge on extant literature by identifying altruistic helping behavior as a new outcome of perceived overqualification.
When can felt accountability promote innovative work behavior? The role of transformational leadership
Authors: Kuo Che-Chun , Ni Ying-Lien , Wu Chia-Huei , Duh Rong-Ruey , Chen Mei-Yen , Chang Chiachi 
Published: July 2021

PurposeStudies have reported negative effects of felt accountability on employees' extra-role behavior. Deviating from that focus, this study proposes that leadership plays a role in shaping the implications of felt accountability for employees' extra-role behavior. We propose that under high transformational leadership, felt accountability can motivate employees to engage in task-relevant information elaboration and facilitate innovative work behavior, a form of extra-role behavior that seeks to improve the work environment.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted a pilot study to validate measurements of felt accountability and task-relevant information elaboration in a sample of 202 employees. We then conducted the main study using a time-lagged, multisource survey design with a sample of 120 supervisor–employee pairs.FindingsThe results from the main study reveal that the association between felt accountability and task-related information elaboration is positive and stronger when transformational leadership is higher. Furthermore, task-relevant information elaboration positively predicts innovative work behavior. Finally, when transformational leadership is higher, the mediation effect of task-relevant information elaboration on the association between felt accountability and innovative work behavior is stronger.Originality/valueOur study indicates that felt accountability can have positive implications for employees' extra-role behavior contingent on leadership styles. In contrast to previous studies that emphasize the negative implications of felt accountability on employees' behavior, our study depicts when and why felt accountability can have positive implications on employees' behavior.
Liquidity risk, transaction costs and financial closedness: lessons from the Iranian and Turkish stock markets
Authors: Alizadeh Sedighe , Shahiki Tash Mohammad Nabi , Kabderian Dreyer Johannes 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to study the impact of liquidity risk and transaction costs on stock pricing in Iran, a closed market operating under a financial embargo and compare the results with those of an important neighboring market, namely, Turkey.

Design/methodology/approach
This study follows Liu et al. (2016) and incorporates liquidity risk and transaction costs into the traditional consumption-based asset-pricing model (CCAPM) from 2009 to 2017. Effective transaction costs are estimated a la Hasbrouck (2009) and liquidity risk according to eight different criteria.

Findings
According to the results, both liquidity risk and transaction costs are higher in Iran, possibly due to the financial embargo. Thus, relative to Turkey, this paper should expect a higher increase in the CCAPM pricing performance in Iran when accounting for these two variables. The results are in line with this expectation and indicate that adjusting the CCAPM significantly increases its pricing performance in both countries, but relatively more in Iran.

Originality/value
This study compares liquidity risk and transaction costs in an economy under the extreme case of a financial embargo to an open yet in other important aspects similar economy from the same region.
Conceptualizing Industry 4.0 readiness model dimensions: an exploratory sequential mixed-method study
Authors: Antony Jiju , Sony Michael , McDermott Olivia 
Published: July 2021

PurposeOrganizations use Industry 4.0 readiness models to evaluate their preparedness prior to the implementation of Industry 4.0. Though there are many studies on Industry 4.0 readiness models, the dimensions of readiness differ. Besides, there is no study empirically validating the readiness model in different sectors or types of organization. The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the dimensions of the Industry 4.0 readiness model and subsequently evaluate the criticality of these dimensions in manufacturing, service, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and large enterprises (LEs).Design/methodology/approachThe study uses an exploratory sequential mixed method design. In phase one, 37 senior managers participated through a purposive sampling frame. In phase two, 70 senior managers participated in an online survey.FindingsThe results of the study indicated that the Industry 4.0 readiness model has 10 dimensions. Further, the criticality of the dimensions as applied to different sectors and type of organizations is put forward. This study will help manufacturing, services, SMEs and LEs to evaluate Industry 4.0 readiness before commencing the deployment of Industry 4.0.Practical implicationsThe findings can be very beneficial for Industry 4.0 practitioners and senior managers in different organisations to understand what readiness dimensions need to be considered prior to implementation of Industry 4.0 technology.Originality/valueThis paper makes an attempt to conceptualize the Industry 4.0 readiness model and utilizes an exploratory mixed method for critically evaluating the dimensions related to the model.
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor‐associated mucous membrane pemphigoid
Authors: Suezawa Mei , Dainichi Teruki , Kaku Yo , Izumi Maiko , Kataoka Koki , Ishii Norito , Koga Hiroshi , Izumi Kentaro , Nishie Wataru 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP‐4i) are associated with an increased risk of developing bullous pemphigoid (BP) in patients with diabetes. Autoantibodies targeting epitopes on the processed BP180, 120‐kDa (LAD‐1), and 97‐kDa (LABD97) linear immunoglobulin (Ig)A dermatosis antigens are the major autoantibodies in DPP‐4i‐associated BP. However, no case of mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) developing during treatment with DPP‐4i has been reported. We report a case of MMP associated with DPP‐4i. A man in his late 70s presented with oral mucous membrane erosion and a few blisters on his upper chest and back. He had used linagliptin for diabetes for over 1 year when he presented. The immunological characteristics were similar to DPP4i‐associated BP: higher reactivity to LAD‐1 and LABD97 than to the full‐length BP180. The aphthae achieved remission after oral linagliptin was replaced with sitagliptin. However, 6 months later, the aphthae relapsed and any DPP‐4i was discontinued. The aphthae disappeared, and now he is completely free from lesions associated with MMP. This case suggests that the DPP‐4i may have shared roles in the production of IgG antibodies to LAD‐1 or to LABD97 in the pathogenesis of DPP‐4i‐associated BP and MMP. Our case highlights the possibility of overlooking the mild MMP in DPP‐4i‐treated diabetes patients with mucosal lesions.
French Catholic Men at War 1939–1940: A Study of Faith and Masculinity in the Field
Authors: Drapac Vesna 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTThis article contributes to the burgeoning scholarship on the intersection of gender and religious faith and practice and engages with new interpretations of the feminisation thesis. Specifically, it sheds light on French Catholic masculinities through a unique body of sources, letters written by soldiers, lay and religious, to the Carmel of Lisieux from the mobilisation in September 1939 to the defeat in June 1940. The correspondents were devotees of the most loved saint of the modern era, Thérèse of Lisieux (1873–97). The letters reveal the deep resonance of Theresian teaching and the ways in which men in the field consciously aimed to model a female saint known as the Little Flower. The material under review points to the limitations of strictly binary gendered interpretations of expressions of belief. Ordinary Catholic men embraced popular devotional practices that have been labelled as ‘feminised’. The evidence suggests, further, that there was a fluidity between masculine and feminine Catholic identities and that there were multiple non‐binary possibilities for the articulation of Catholic manhood at this time.
Influence of kinematics and incidence angles on the cutting efficiency of two single‐file nickel‐titanium rotary instruments
Authors: Pedullà Eugenio , La Rosa Giusy Rita Maria , Romano Giuseppe , Leanza Giuseppe , Rapisarda Silvia , Isola Gaetano , Ferlito Sebastiano , Neelakantan Prasanna , Generali Luigi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo compare the cutting efficiency of F6 Sky Taper (F6ST) and One Curve (OC) with different kinematics and cutting inclinations. Cutting efficiency of 80 new F6ST and OC was tested at 90° and 70° inclination in relation to the sample, in continuous rotation and reciprocation, against standardised gypsum samples for 120 seconds using a customised device. Data expressed as weight loss and length of the sample cut were analysed using two‐way analysis of variance and Tukey t‐test (P<.05). F6ST showed significantly higher cutting efficiency in reciprocation, while OC in continuous rotation. Regardless of inclination, F6ST showed statistically higher values than OC in reciprocation, while OC exhibited higher cutting ability in continuous rotation. The 70° inclination significantly improved the cutting efficiency of both files. Reciprocation improved the cutting efficiency of F6ST while continuous rotation enhanced cutting ability of OC. An inclined insertion improved the cutting ability, independently from the movement.
The safe performance of robotic gastrectomy by second‐generation surgeons meeting the operating surgeon's criteria in the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery guidelines
Authors: Shibasaki Susumu , Suda Koichi , Kadoya Shinichi , Ishida Yoshinori , Nakauchi Masaya , Nakamura Kenichi , Akimoto Shingo , Tanaka Tsuyoshi , Kikuchi Kenji , Inaba Kazuki , Uyama Ichiro 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundRobotic gastrectomy (RG) for gastric cancer (GC) has gradually gained nationwide prominence following 2011 guidelines from the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery (JSES), including the surgeons' criteria and the proctor system. In this retrospective study, we examined the short‐term outcomes of the initial series of RGs performed by second‐generation operating surgeons trained within our institute.MethodsBetween January 2017 and April 2020, five surgeons each performed RG in 20 patients with clinical stage III or lower GC in accordance with the JSES guidelines. We evaluated both the rate of Clavien–Dindo grade II or higher morbidities and the console time required to reach the learning plateau via cumulative summation (CUSUM) analysis.ResultsWe observed no mortality and 3% of morbidity following RG. Both the operative time (430 vs 387.5 min, P = 0.019) and console time (380 vs . 331.5 min, P = 0.009) were significantly shorter in the second 10 cases than in the initial 10 cases. We observed a remarkable trend in cases of distal gastrectomy (DG), in which the total operative time and console time were significantly shorter in the later cases. Our CUSUM analysis revealed that seven cases were required to achieve a learning plateau in RG when confined to DG.ConclusionsNon‐expert RG surgeons meeting the operating surgeon's criteria from the JSES who had trained under an expert RG surgeon safely performed RG in an initial 20 cases.
Fluid overload due to intravenous fluid therapy for vaso‐occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease: incidence and risk factors
Authors: Gaartman Aafke E. , Sayedi Ajab K. , Gerritsma Jorn J. , de Back Tim R. , van Tuijn Charlotte F. , Tang Man Wai , Heijboer Harriët , de Heer Koen , Biemond Bart J. , Nur Erfan 
Published: July 2021

SummaryIntravenous fluid therapy (IV‐FT) is routinely used in the treatment of vaso‐occlusive crises (VOCs), as dehydration possibly promotes and sustains erythrocyte sickling. Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk of developing diastolic dysfunction and fluid overload due to IV‐FT. However, data on the adverse effects of IV‐FT for VOC is sparse. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of fluid overload due to IV‐FT in patients with SCD. Consecutive hospitalisations for VOC treated with IV‐FT between September 2016 and September 2018 were retrospectively analysed. The median (interquartile range) age was 25·0 (18·3–33·8) years and 65% had a severe genotype (HbSS/HbSβ0‐thal). Fluid overload occurred in 21% of 100 patients. Hospital stay was longer in patients with fluid overload (6·0 vs. 4·0 days, P = 0·037). A positive history of fluid overload (P = 0·017), lactate dehydrogenase level (P = 0·011), and top‐up transfusion during admission (P = 0·005) were independently associated with fluid overload occurrence. IV‐FT was not reduced in 86% of patients despite a previous history of fluid overload. Fluid overload is frequently encountered during IV‐FT for VOC. IV‐FT is often not adjusted despite a positive history of fluid overload or when top‐up transfusion is indicated, emphasising the need for more awareness of this complication and a personalised approach.
Molecular basis for ligand modulation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor
Authors: Ramesh Karthik , Rosenbaum Daniel M. 
Published: July 2021

The cannabinoid CB1 receptor is the most abundant G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) in the central nervous system, which mediates the functional response to endocannabinoids and Cannabis compounds. A variety of ligands for CB1 receptors have been developed as promising drug candidates for the treatment of neurological disorders. New high‐resolution structures of CB1 receptor in different functional states have significantly improved our molecular understanding of CB1 ligand interactions, selectivity, receptor activation and allosteric modulation. These advances have paved the way for development of novel ligands for different therapeutic applications. In this review, we describe the structural determinants for modulation of CB1 receptors by different types of ligands, as well as the differences between CB1 and its homologous, the CB2 receptor.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Structure Guided Pharmacology of Membrane Proteins (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.14/issuetoc
Establishment and validation of a predictive model for nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in acid‐fast bacilli smear‐positive patients
Authors: Chen Xianqiu , Zhang Yuan , Xu Jinfu , Li Huiping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionNontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are difficult to distinguish in initial acid‐fast bacilli (AFB) smear‐positive patients.ObjectivesEstablish a predictive model to identify more effectively NTM infections in initial AFB patients.MethodsConsecutive AFB smear‐positive patients in the Respiratory Department of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2019 to February 2020 were retrospectively analysed. A multivariate regression was used to determine the independent risk factors for NTM. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the model's predictive discrimination. The model was validated internally by a calibration curve and externally for consecutive AFB smear‐positive patients from March to June 2020 in this institution.ResultsPresenting with haemoptysis, bronchiectasis, a negative QuantiFERON tuberculosis (QFT) test and being female were characteristics significantly more common in patients with NTM (P ≤ 0.001), when compared with PTB. The involvement of right middle lobe, left lingual lobe and cystic change was more commonly seen on chest high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in patients with NTM (P < 0.05), compared with PTB. Multivariate regression showed female, bronchiectasis, negative test for QFT and right middle lobe lesion were independent risk factors for NTM (P < 0.05). A ROC curve showed a sensitivity and specificity of 85.9% and 93.4%, respectively, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.963. Moreover, internal and external validation both confirmed the effectiveness of the model.ConclusionsThe predictive model would be useful for early differential diagnosis of NTM in initial AFB smear‐positive patients.
An exploration of differences in infant feeding practices among women with and without diabetes in pregnancy: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Misita Dragana , Yamamoto Jennifer M. , Yuan Yan , Donovan Lois E. , Bell Rhonda C. , Jarman Megan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims(1) To determine the likelihood of full breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum in women with and without diabetes in pregnancy (DiP); (2) to explore the associations between diabetes management practices and infant feeding practices in those who had DiP and (3) to examine women's experiences of feeding their infants after having DiP.MethodsThe quantitative study used data from Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) cohort study. Participants who had DiP (n = 62) were matched 1:3 to participants without DiP for pre‐pregnancy BMI, parity, mode of delivery and pre‐term birth. Infant feeding questionnaires, prospective breastfeeding diaries and medical chart data were analysed to determine likelihood of fully breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum. For the qualitative study, interviews were conducted with postpartum women who had DiP to explore the experiences of infant feeding. Interviews were thematically analysed, and the results were compared between women who were categorized as ‘full breast feeders’ or ‘mixed feeders’.ResultsThe odds of fully breastfeeding were 50% lower in women with DiP than women without DiP (OR: 0.50, 95% CI 0.25–0.99, p = 0.04). Qualitative interviews identified that although all women showed resilience in the face of infant feeding challenges, those who were fully breastfeeding reported seeking out external infant feeding supports, for example, classes or Doula's. Mixed Feeders perceived there was a lack of infant feeding information and support given to them prior to giving birth.ConclusionWomen with DiP may require additional prenatal and postnatal infant feeding support to be better prepared to overcome feeding challenges they may face.
Public perception of foreign aid in South Korea: The effects of policy efficacy in an emerging donor
Authors: Kim Eunju , Kim KyungWoo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMotivationPrevious studies on public perceptions of foreign aid have mainly focused on individual‐level variables in traditional donor countries. Few studies have been conducted on how citizens of emerging donor countries perceive their own foreign aid policies, although emerging donors have recently gained attention as a new agent of international co‐operation.PurposeThe study investigates the factors which influence public perceptions of foreign aid policies of South Korea, an emerging donor.Methods and approachThis study uses Ordered Logistic Analyses to analyse factors influencing the public perception of foreign aid policies at the individual level, as well as at policy level, using nationwide survey data of 1,000 citizens in South Korea.FindingsIn addition to the individual‐level variables that many previous studies have considered, this study shows that the perception of policy efficacy has had a greater effect than policy knowledge on public support for foreign aid and the expansion of the aid budget. Furthermore, the results imply that the greater the appreciation of South Korea’s experience as an aid recipient, the stronger the support for aid when the country later becomes a donor.Policy implicationsThe citizens of emerging donor countries support foreign aid policy based on feelings of appreciation and beliefs that such aid has helped their country’s economic and social development. There is a need to accumulate further evidence of success in achieving development effectiveness and contribute to national development through foreign aid among emerging donor countries.