bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Adverse Events Associated With Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients With Surgically Altered Anatomy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Xiaojia , Wang Fan , Liu Jing , Zhang Zhang , Cao Tingting , Fang Jun , Zhao Qiu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction
: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is considered to be a challenge in patients with surgically altered anatomy. We aimed to identify the risk factors of ERCP-related adverse events in patients with surgically altered anatomy in our center.
Methods
We included patients with surgically altered anatomy who underwent ERCP between April 2017 and December 2020 at our center. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed in univariate and multivariate methods to identify the risk factors for adverse events.
Results
A total of 121 ERCP procedures were performed in 93 patients. The papilla or surgical anastomosis was successfully reached in 113 cases (93.4%). Diagnostic success was achieved in 106 cases (93.8%) and subsequent therapeutic success was achieved in 102 cases (96.2%). ERCP-related adverse events occurred in 31 cases (25.6%). In univariate analysis, not first time ERCP attempt, a CBD stone diameter ≥ 15 mm, multiple cannulation attempts, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation, endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation, endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage, biopsy in the bile duct or papilla, mechanical lithotripsy use, and stone retrieval basket were associated with ERCP-related adverse events. In multivariate analysis, multiple cannulation attempts (OR 5.283; 95% CI, 1.088–25.659; p = 0.039), endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (OR 4.381; 95% CI, 1.191–16.114; p = 0.026), and biopsy in the bile duct or papilla (OR 35.432; 95% CI, 2.693-466.104; p = 0.007) were independently associated with ERCP-related adverse events.
Conclusions
ERCP in patients with surgically altered anatomy was feasible and safe. Interventions including multiple cannulation attempts, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation, and biopsy in the bile duct or papilla were independent risk factors for ERCP-related adverse events.
S100A16 Promotes Acute Kidney Injury By Activating HRD1-Induced Ubiquitination And Degradation of GSK3β And CK1α
Authors: Sun Yifei , Fan Ya , Li Min , Wang Zheng , Su Dongming , Liu Yun , Liang Xiubin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with activation of multiple signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin signaling. However, the mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in renal interstitial fibroblasts during AKI is unclear. S100 calcium binding protein A16 (S100A16), a new member of calcium binding protein S100 family, is a multi-functional signaling factor involved in various pathogenies, including tumors, glycolipid metabolism disorder, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the potential participation of S100A16 in Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation during AKI by subjecting wild-type (WT) and S100A16 knockout (S100A16+/-) mice to the ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and revealed S100A16 upregulation in this model, in which knockout of S100A16 impeded the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation and recovered the expression of downstream hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). We also found that S100A16 was highly expressed in α-SMA positive renal fibroblasts in vivo. Consistently, in rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK-49F cells), both hypoxia and S100A16 overexpression exacerbated fibroblasts apoptosis and inhibited HGF secretion; whereas S100A16 knockdown or Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor ICG-001 reversed these changes. Mechanistically, we show that S100A16 promotes Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation via the ubiquitylation and degradation of β-catenin complex members, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and casein kinase 1α (CK1α), mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligase, the HMG-CoA reductase degradation protein 1 (HRD1). Our study identified the S100A16 as a key regulator in the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in AKI.
Lévy Noise-induced Self-induced Stochastic Resonance in a Memristive Neuron
Authors: Yamakou Marius E. , Tran Tat Dat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Self-induced stochastic resonance (SISR) is a subtle resonance mechanism requiring a nontrivial scaling limit between the stochastic and the deterministic timescales of an excitable system, leading to the emergence of a limit cycle behavior which is absent without noise. All previous studies on SISR in neural systems have only considered the idealized Gaussian white noise. Moreover, these studies have ignored one electrophysiological aspect of the nerve cell: its memristive properties. In this paper, first, we show that in the excitable regime, the asymptotic matching of the mean escape timescale of an α-stable Lévy process (with value increasing as a power σ-α of the noise amplitude σ, unlike the mean escape timescale of a Gaussian process with the value increasing as in Kramers' law) and the deterministic timescale (controlled by the singular parameter) can also induce a strong SISR. In addition, it is shown that the degree of SISR induced by Lévy noise is not always higher than that of Gaussian noise. Second, we show that, for both types of noises, the two memristive properties of the neuron have opposite effects on the degree of SISR: the stronger the feedback gain parameter that controls the modulation of the membrane potential with the magnetic flux and the weaker the feedback gain parameter that controls the saturation of the magnetic flux, the higher the degree of SISR. Finally, we show that, for both types of noises, the degree of SISR in the memristive neuron is always higher than in the non-memristive neuron. Our results could find applications in designing neuromorphic circuits operating in noisy regimes.
Serum miR-148a And miR-152 Expression As Novel Noninvasive Biomarkers For Diagnosis And Prognostic Prediction of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Xie Lingling , Xie Guangfei , Shi Xiuying , Huang Hongming , Ju Shaoqing , Wang Xudong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) as a hematological malignancy remains mostly incurable at present. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential of serum microRNA (miRNA) as a novel biomarker for MM.Methods: This study recruited 90 MM patients and 30 healthy controls. Bone marrow samples were obtained from 12 MM patients and 6 healthy controls. The expression level of miR-148a/152 was determined by qRT-PCR. The diagnostic performance and prognostic prediction of miR-148a/152 expression were analyzed by ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier method respectively. Serum IgA, IgG, κ light chain, λ light chain and β2 microglobulin levels were detected by immunoturbidimetry. Serum LDH level was detected by lactic acid substrate method.Results: The expression levels of miR-148a and miR-152 were elevated in serum and CD138+ plasma cells of MM patients as compared with controls (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between serum miR-148a/152 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of MM patients. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that circulating miR-148a and miR-152 may prove to be a marker for diagnosis and prognostic prediction of MM.
Peer-to-peer Support: Digital Networking in Aphasia to Improve Quality of Life (PeerPAL) - Study Protocol for App Development and Evaluation
Authors: Kurfess Christina , Corsten Sabine , Knieriemen Marie , Kreiter Daniel , Lauer Norina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: People with aphasia (PWA) often have a reduced quality of life. Nevertheless, there are currently only a few specific services that respond to this problem. Hence, there is a pressing need for action to improve participation and well-being of people with aphasia. An adapted social network could be a solution. Well-being could be increased by exchanging experiences with peers in a similar situation. Moreover, comprehensive digital coverage would also be possible in rural and underserved areas. This digital social network should be adapted to the specific needs of PWA. Therefore, a participatory, agile process with the involvement of the target group should be adopted.Aim: The aim is to develop and evaluate a social media platform as a smartphone app to support the social integration of PWA and to improve their quality of life. In addition to the digital exchange, face-to-face meetings between PWA should be stimulated.Design: The study will be conducted in a randomised pretest-posttest control group design with follow-up testing. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental intervention (36 participants) or the control intervention (36 participants). The primary outcome is quality of life, measured with the SAQOL-39. At all measurement times, psychological well-being is recorded with the help of two measuring instruments (GHQ-12 & DISCs). The secondary outcome is the recording of social contacts and activities as well as associated emotions, registered in a structured diary. In addition, communication skills (measured with the CPIB) and social support (recorded with the F-SozU) will be examined. Method: During the first project phase, a user-centred, agile development process will be adopted to design the app. The target group will be involved in the app development in a participatory manner. A workshop is planned for the users of the app. In the second phase, the usability and user-friendliness of the app will first be evaluated in a feasibility study. Subsequently, in the main study, the app will then be tested by the target group for 4 months.Discussion: The app developed in the research project is the first social network that is tailored to the needs and capabilities of PWA. It aims to enable better exchange between PWA to improve social participation and quality of life.
Inhalation of Salvianolic acid B Prevents Fine Particulate Matter-Induced Acute Airway Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Downregulating the LTR4/MyD88/NLRP3 Pathway
Authors: Li Liucheng , Kan Liandi , Xie Qiangmin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Air pollution is a serious threat to human health. Inhaled fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can cause inflammation and oxidation in the airway; however, the mechanisms responsible for this effect have yet to be elucidated and there are no specific drugs that can prevent and treat this condition. In the present study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms underlying the inhalation of salvianolic acid B (SalB) on PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and oxidation.Methods: We used a PM2.5-induced mouse model of airway inflammation and oxidation, along with a human epithelial cell model, to study the action and mechanisms of SalB by histopathology, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Results: SalB treatment markedly inhibited the PM2.5-induced increase in the number of neutrophils and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, improved the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue, and reduced injury in the alveolar septum. Furthermore, SalB reduced the mRNA and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, keratinocyte (KC), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in lung tissues, and the protein levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6 and TGF-β1 in human epithelial cells. SalB treatment also significantly reversed the reduction of levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in lung tissue and reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species in human epithelial cells induced by PM2.5. Furthermore, SalB and the myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) inhibitor ST2825, inhibited the expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MyD88, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF-6), and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), as well as the phosphorylation of downstream signals extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and P38 MAP kinase (P38) in lung tissue and epithelial cells.Conclusion: SalB protects against PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and oxidation in a manner that is associated with the inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/TRAF-6/NLRP3 pathway and downstream signals ERK1/2 and P38.
CD8-positive Indolent T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Case Report and Literature Review.
Authors: Li Meng , Weng Chun-Yan , Ye Cheng , Fan Yi-Hong , Lu Bin , Zhang Chun-Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract (ITLPD-GI), a primary tumor forming in the GI tract, represents a rarely diagnosed clonal T-cell disease with a protracted clinical course. This report presents a 45-year-old male patient with a 6-year history of anal fistula and a more than 10-year history of recurrent diarrhea, who was not rightly diagnosed until the occurrence of complications such as intestinal perforation. Postsurgical histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of CD8+ ITLPD-GI, with a combination of hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and TCRβ/γ clonal gene rearrangement. Individuals with this scarce lymphoma frequently show non-specific symptoms, which are hardly recognized. So far, indolent CD8+ ITLPD-GI has not been comprehensively examined. The current mini-review focused on available reports evaluating indolent CD8+ ITLPD-GI cases, discussing future directions for improved differential diagnosis, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and therapeutic target identification.
Congenital Midureteral Stenosis in Children: A 13-year Retrospective Study based on Data from a Large Pediatric Medical Center
Authors: Meng Zhaoyi , Lin Defu , Wang Guannan , Qu Yanchao , Sun Ning 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Midureteral stenosis is very rare in children and can cause congenital hydronephrosis. We report our experience treating children with congenital midureteral stenosis at our center, focusing on the differences in preoperative diagnosis and treatment compared with other congenital obstructive uropathies.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 26 children diagnosed with congenital midureteral stenosis at our center between January 2007 and December 2020, including preoperative examination methods, intraoperative conditions, and postoperative follow-up results.Results: Of the 1625 children treated surgically for ureteral narrowing, only 26 (1.6%) were diagnosed with midureteral stenosis, including 15 infants and 11 children; 68% were boys; 48% were affected on the left side; and 88% had isolated ureteral stenosis. In all, 50% of the children presented with prenatal hydronephrosis, and 50% presented with abdominal pain or a mass. All children underwent urinary ultrasound and intravenous urography (IVU) preoperatively; the diagnostic rate of ultrasound was 92.3%. Only 7 (26.9%) children underwent pyelography. All children underwent surgery. The ureteral stenotic segment was less than 1 cm long in 96% of the children. The mean follow-up duration was 22 months (range: 6-50 months). One child developed anastomotic strictures. Urinary tract obstruction was relieved in the other children without long-term complications.Conclusions: Congenital midureteral stenosis is rare, accounting for 1.6% of all ureteral obstructions, and its diagnosis is very important. Urinary ultrasound has a high diagnostic rate and should be the first choice for midureteral stenosis. Retrograde pyelography can be used when diagnosis is difficult, but routine retrograde pyelography is not recommended. Congenital ureteral stenosis has a relatively short lesion range, largely within 1 cm. The treatment is mainly resection of the stenotic segment and end-to-end ureteral anastomosis, with a good prognosis.
The Association of Temperature Variability With Blood Pressure in Southern China: a Series of Cross-sectional Studies in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Li Muyun , Meng Ruilin , Luo Jiali , Xu Xiaojun , Hu Jianxiong , He Guanhao , Li Xing , Zeng Weilin , Liu Tao , Xiao Jianpeng , Ma Wenjun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have found a positive relationship between temperature variability and mortality, but few studies regarding the effects of temperature variability on blood pressure (BP) are available.Objective: To investigate the effects of temperature variability on BP in Guangdong province, southern China.Methods: Data on Meteorology and BP in Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected from Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. There were 38088 participants aged 18 years and over. The generalized additive model (GAM) was used to estimate the relationship between temperature variability and BP after adjusting for confounding variables.Result: Our study found that there was a significant positively correlation between temperature variability and systolic blood pressure (SBP), and the estimate increase with the increment of exposure days in total population. The highest estimate was found at 7 days lag with increased 0.497 mmHg of SBP (95%CI: 0.335–0.660) for a 1 °C increase of TV0-7. There was insignificant association between temperature variability and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The effects of temperature variability on BP among subpopulations with different hypertension statuses were various, and the estimates of Temperature variability with different exposure days on SBP were all higher in known hypertensives than that in normotensives.Conclusion: There was a significant association between temperature variability and SBP in Guangdong province with various effects for different populations. Our findings provide evidence that temperature variability is an independent risk factor for SBP changes, and temperature variability should be considered in hypertension clinic management and epidemiological survey.
Viscous Backpressure Forming And Feasibility Study of Hemispherical Aluminum Alloy Parts
Authors: Gao Tiejun , Zhang Jiabin , Wang Kaixuan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Hemispherical aluminum alloy parts are extensively used in modern aerospace and other manufacturing fields. However, wrinkling and cracking easily occur due to the large deformation of the parts, which leads to a complicated forming process. This research proposes a viscous backpressure forming method for hemispherical aluminum alloy parts. The forming limit diagram of LF2 sheet is established through the forming limit experiments. By the combination of finite element analysis and experimental verification, the forming process of the parts under different viscous backpressure and loading path conditions as well as the distribution law of stress-strain and wall thickness of the parts, are obtained. By comparing with the forming limit diagrams, technical feasibility of this forming process is discussed. The research results show that qualified parts can be formed using the viscous backpressure forming method under the conditions of viscous backpressure loading throughout the process with the backpressure at or above 12MPa. This provides a reference for the backpressure forming of hemispherical aluminum alloy parts.
The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Attenuates Atherosclerosis Progression by Inducing Autophagy
Authors: Xu Hualin , Fu Jie , Tu Qiang , Shuai Qinyun , Chen Yizhi , Wu Fuyun , Cao Zheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease due to atherosclerosis（AS）is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i ) (SGLT2i), empagliflozin(EMPA), is a new type of hypoglycemic drug .Recent studies have shown that EMPA not only reduces increased glucose, but also has cardiovascular protective effects and that it slows the process of AS.However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be defined.Methods: Male apoE -/- mice were fed a western high-fat diet to establish an AS model. The area and size of atherosclerotic lesions in apoE -/- mice were then assessed by hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining after EMPA treatment . After EMPA treatment of the RAW 246.7 macrophage cell line, human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs),western blotting was applied to measure the levels of autophagy-related proteins and proinflammatory cytokines,GFP-LC3 puncta were detected by confocal microscopy to confirme autophagosome formation. Oil red staining was performed to detect the foaming of macrophages and HASMCs, flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis. EdU, CCK-8 and scratch assays were also performed to examine the cell proliferation and migration of HASMCs. Results: EMPA suppressed the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in apoE -/- mice. EMPA also induced autophagy in RAW 246.7 cells, HASMCs and HUVECs, and it significantly increased the expression of Beclin1 and the LC3B-II/I ratio. In addition, EMPA decreased the expression of P62 and downregulated the protein levels of inflammatory cytokines, and it inhibited the foaming of RAW 246.7 cells and HASMCs as well as the expression of inflammatory factors via autophagy induction. Furthermore, the results of flow cytometry, EdU assays, CCK-8 cell viability assays and scratch assays indicated that EMPA blocked HASMC proliferation and migration.Conclusions: EMPA plays an important role in decelerating the progression of AS by inducing autophagy, providing a novel method for anti-AS treatment in the clinic.
A Multilevel Analysis Factors Associated With Diarrhea Among Under-five Children in Ethiopia Using 2016 EDHS Data: Individual and Community Level Factors.
Authors: Getnet Mekasha Demeke , Tesfahun Esubalew 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite numerous attempts, diarrhea remains one of the leading causes of death among children under the age of five around the world. Globally, diarrhea is the second prominent cause of death in children next to pneumonia. Every year, there are 1.7 billion children who develop diarrhea and at least 525,000 die from diarrhea. In low- and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia, diarrhea still remains one of the health problems due to its high morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted identify factors associated with diarrhea at community (cluster) level and individual level.Objectives: To assess individual and community level factors of childhood (0–59months) diarrhea in Ethiopia by using the 2016 Ethiopian Demography and Health surveys (EDHS) data, 2020. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary analysis of data pooled from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) data was used. The analysis was done using Stata version 14.2. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of childhood diarrhea. Odds ratio with 95% CI was used in identifying the association between dependent and independent predictors Result: The prevalence of diarrhea in Ethiopia based on EDHS 2016 was 11.78%.The odds of diarrhea among children reside in rural area were 1.84 times more likely to develop diarrhea (AOR=1.82; 95% CI: 1.52-2.16) as compared to urban dwellers. Those children aged between 13 and 24 months were 2.2 times more likely to have diarrhea than (AOR=2.2, 2.15-2.98) their older counter parts (48-59 months). The measure of variation was also assessed by using ICC, MOR, and DIC with the result of 10.08, 1.56 and 316.18 respectively.Conclusion: Our findings identified that childhood diarrhea was affected by not only individual level factors but also community-level factors. At the individual level (age of the women, number of under five children in the households, age of the child, number of family members, maternal education, and the number of under-5 children) and the community-level, place of residence were significant factors associated with childhood diarrhea in Ethiopia.