bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant growth and nutrient composition in shrub and arbor willows grown in Cu contaminated soil as affected by flooding
Authors: Cao Yini , Ma Chuanxin , Chen Jie , Xiao Jiang , Shi Jiuxi , CHEN Guangcai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Flooding can adversely worsen the metal contaminated soil and plant growth thus, it is crucial to explore the ecophysiological responses of plants upon co-exposure to heavy metals and flooding. Here, the plant growth, photosynthesis, and nutrient elements composition in arbor willow (Salix jiangsuensis ‘J172’) and shrub willow (Salix integra ‘Yizhibi’) were studied using a pot experiment with Cu contaminated soil (239.51 mg∙kg-1) under flooded versus non flooded condition. Salix integra showed larger BCFs than Salix jiangsuensis in both treatments, soil flooding significantly decreased the Cu contents and BCF while obviously increased TF values in both willow species (p < 0.05). Soil flooding markedly enhanced the leaf C:P and N:P ratios, while significantly decreased root C:P and N:P ratios, as compared to non flooded condition. The shrub willow exhibited better tolerance to soil flooding with little alteration in biomass and photosynthetic rate, and showed greater potential of Cu accumulation capacity, even though its total biomass was significantly lower than arbor willow. Our study also helps further understanding the nutrient balance and stoichiometry of willows in Cu contaminated soil and their response to soil flooding, helping the management of Cu-contaminated flooded soils.
In-situ Monitoring and Prediction of the Height of the Water-conducting Fractured Zone in a Jurassic Coal Seam in Northwestern China
Authors: Qiao Wei , Liu Mengnan , Li Wenping , Yang Hui , Cheng Xianggang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The height of the water-conducting fractured zone (HWFZ) plays a significant role in environmental protection and engineering safety during underground mining. In this study, to measure the HWFZ in the Cuimu coal mine (CCM), in-situ monitoring, including water leakage tests and video capture through a borehole camera, were conducted. Considering mining height, panel width, and buried depth, 26 sets of samples were collected from mines in the northwest to obtain a multi-factor regression formula. Additionally, we used the 26 sets of samples as training material for machine learning to predict the HWFZ. Then, to assess why the traditional empirical formula proposed to measure the HWFZ is inapplicable for the Jurassic coal mines in the northwest, the sedimentary environment of the Ordos Basin, the RQD of drilled cores, and the overburden structure characteristics were investigated. Finally, a strata subsidence model was built to analyze the mathematical mechanism of the HWFZ induced by mining activity. The results show that the proposed regression formula and machine learning model can accurately predict the HWFZ of mines in the northwest. Due to the more stable sedimentary environment, the RQD of drilled cores from the Jurassic coal seam is higher and the strata tend to have better continuity as compared to the cores from the Carboniferous coal seam. The strata subsidence model indicates that the residual bulging coefficient influences the HWFZ significantly, which can explain why the measured HWFZ in the northwest is much larger than the predicted values based on the traditional empirical formula. This study is useful to accurately predict and understand the HWFZ in Jurassic coal seams in northwestern China.
Central tropical Pacific convection drives extreme high temperatures and surface melt on the Larsen ice shelf
Authors: Clem Kyle , Bozkurt Deniz , Kennett Daemon , King John , Turner John 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The northern parts of the Larsen ice shelf, eastern Antarctic Peninsula (AP) have experienced dramatic break-up since the early 1990s as a result of strong summertime surface melt, which has been linked to stronger circumpolar westerly winds. Here we show extreme summertime surface melt and high temperatures over the eastern AP and Larsen C ice shelf occur because of enhanced deep convection in the central tropical Pacific, which produces cyclonic conditions across the middle and high-latitude South Pacific, and a strong high pressure anomaly over Drake Passage. Together these transport extreme heat and moisture from low latitudes to the AP, at times in the form of "atmospheric rivers", producing strong surface warming and melt on the Larsen ice shelf by the Foehn effect. Therefore, variability in central tropical Pacific convection is crucial for interpreting past and projecting future AP surface mass balance and extreme temperature events.
Adrenaline-mediated activation of antibiotic production in Streptomyces highlights catechol as elicitor of specialized metabolism
Authors: Wezel Gilles van , Bergeijk Doris van , Elsayed Somayah , Du Chao , Santiago Isabel Nunez , Roseboom Anna , Zhang Le , Carrion Victor , Spaink Herman 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Actinobacteria are a rich source of bioactive molecules, and genome sequencing has shown that the vast majority of their biosynthetic potential has yet to be explored. However, many of their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) are poorly expressed in the laboratory, which prevents discovery of their cognate natural products. To exploit their full biosynthetic potential, better understanding of the signals that promote the expression of BGCs is needed. Here, we show that the human stress hormone epinephrine (adrenaline) elicits antibiotic production by Actinobacteria. Catechol was established as the likely eliciting moiety, since similar responses were seen for catechol and for the catechol-containing molecules dopamine and catechin but not for related molecules. Exploration of the catechol-responsive strain Streptomyces sp. MBT84 using mass spectral networking revealed elicitation of a BGC that produces the angucycline glycosides aquayamycin, urdamycinone B and galtamycin C. Heterologous expression of the catechol-cleaving enzymes catechol 1,2-dioxygenase or catechol 2,3 dioxygenase counteracted the eliciting effect of catechol. Thus, for the first time we show the activation of natural product biosynthesis by a human hormone, leading to the identification of the ubiquitous catechol moiety as elicitor of BGCs for siderophores and antibiotics.
The Interaction Between BMI, Weight Criticism, Weight Bias and Psychological and Relational Outcomes Within Marriage
Authors: Carels Robert , Miller J. Caroline , Hlavka Reid , Shonrock Abigail MT 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To examine 1) whether a wife’s BMI interacts with either her husband’s weight stigma or 2) her perceived weight criticisms from her husband predict husbands’ and wives’ psychological and relational outcomes. Methods: The study sample consisted of 209 currently married men and women in a heterosexual relationship. Participants were drawn from an online survey platform (Qualtrics, Inc. Provo, UT) designed to approximate the US population on age, race, and region of the country. Online measures assessed husbands’ weight stigma, wives’ perceived weight criticisms from husband, and husbands’ and wives’: 1) relationship satisfaction, 2) sexual intimacy, 3) self-esteem, 4) depressive symptoms, and 5) perceptions of a desirable or ideal mate. Results: Wives’ BMI interacted with husbands’ weight stigma to predict 1) mate value for husbands and wives and 2) marital satisfaction for husbands. The same pattern was noted with interaction of wives’ BMI and perceptions of husbands’ weight related criticisms. The interaction reflected that higher wife BMI and higher husband weight stigma or wife perceived weight-related criticism predicted lower marital satisfaction, greater depression, and lower perceptions of a desirable or an ideal mate. Lower BMI was not associated with outcomes regardless of the husbands’ weight stigma or wives’ perceived weight-related criticisms. Conclusion: To understand the impact of weight stigma and weight related criticisms on perceptions of a desirable or ideal mate and marital outcomes, it is important to examine the interaction with partner’s BMI.Level of Evidence: III: Evidence obtained from cohort or case–control analytic studies.
Meningoencephalitis in Children with Primary Antibody Deficiency: A Single-Center Experience From Northwest India and Review of Literature
Authors: Jindal Ankur Kumar , Chaudhary Himanshi , Tyagi Rahul , Rawat Amit , Suri Deepti , Patra Pratap Kumar , Arora Kanika , Vyas Sameer , Bansal Reema , Sachdeva Man Updesh Singh , Gupta Anju , Vignesh Pandiarajan , Sankhyan Naveen , Suthar Renu , Singh Mini , Mani Reeta , Sharma Rajni , Saka Ruchi , Imai Kohsuke , Ohara Osamu , Nonoyama Shigeaki , Hammarström Lennart , Chan Koon Wing , Lau Yu Lung , Singh Surjit 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Patients with primary antibody deficiency (PAD) are predisposed to develop meningoencephalitis that is often considered to be enteroviral. However, there is a paucity of literature on this subject, and there are no studies from developing countries. We analyzed our cohort of children with PAD who developed meningoencephalitis. This complication was observed in 11/135 (8.1%) patients with PAD - 4 patients had X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), and 7 had common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The mean age at onset of neurological illness was 8.6 years (range: 2-28 years). Presenting features included seizures (n=7), neurodevelopmental delay (n=2), regression of milestones (n=1), and acute flaccid paralysis (n=1). Trough IgG levels were found to be low in 9 (81.8%) patients at the time of development of neurological symptoms. Herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated in 1 patient each. No etiological agent was identified in cerebrospinal fluid of 8 patients. Eight (72.7%) patients had altered signal hyperintensities in gray matter and deep white matter on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while 3 patients showed global cerebral atrophy. All patients were treated with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). Fluoxetine was given to 2 patients. Eight (72.7%) patients in the present series have succumbed, while three have recovered with varying degrees of neurological sequelae. To conclude, meningoencephalitis is an uncommon complication in patients with PAD and is associated with high morbidity and mortality in our setting. Early diagnosis of immune deficiency and initiation of replacement immunoglobulin therapy may prevent the development of neurological complications.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Jacalin, A Dietary Plant Lectin on the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)
Authors: V Lavanya , Bommanabonia Anil Kumar , Ahmed Neesar , Jamal Shazia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The tumor microenvironment that refers to the tumour’s surroundings is a key modulator of tumor growth and invasion. The tumour derived signals are known to downregulate the anti-tumor effects of the effector cells present in the TME. Thus, the cross talk between the tumor cells with the surrounding immune cells helps in evading the tumor surveillance as well as aiding in tumor growth and proliferation. Hence, knowledge regarding the effects of drugs/compound on the tumor-stromal interactions are gaining importance. In the present study, the effects of jacalin, a dietary lectin on the proliferation and cytokine production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are investigated. Jacalin was shown to act as a mitogen of PBMCs, the key cytokine secreting immune cells. Also, jacalin initially induces increased mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ; however prolonged stimulation of PBMCs resulted in increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine, mainly TGF-β. Further, 6 h jacalin prestimulated PBMCs (Jac-PBMCs) were shown to inhibit HeLa cell proliferation while 24 h (Jac-PBMCs) were found to favor tumor growth. Thus, it may be postulated that while jacalin initially polarizes the PBMCs to hinder the tumor growth, after a stipulated time point, interaction of jacalin with PBMCs can lead to an immunosuppressive TME that may probably assist in tumor growth and progression.
Experimental investigations on electrical-insulation performance of Al2O3 coatings for high-temperature PbLi liquid-metal applications
Authors: SARASWAT ABHISHEK , Sasmal Chandrasekhar , Prajapati Ashokkumar , Bhattacharyay Rajendraprasad , Chaudhuri Paritosh , Gedupudi Sateesh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Electrical-insulating coatings are of great importance for applications in liquid-metal breeder/coolant-based systems relevant to nuclear fusion power plants. In specific to lead-lithium eutectic (Pb-16Li), a candidate breeder material, such coatings are being actively investigated worldwide for their criticality in addressing various functionalities including, but not limited to, reduction in Magneto-Hydro Dynamics (MHD) pressure drop, corrosion resistance to structural materials and development of specific diagnostics, like two-phase detection techniques. For such applications, a candidate coating must be demonstrated for its compatibility with corrosive media, endurance towards high operational temperatures and integrity of electrical-insulation over long operational durations without substantial degradation. Further, quantitative performance assessment of coated substrates within PbLi environment over long operational durations is rendered difficult due to scarcity of relevant in-situ insulation resistance data. To address this shortfall, a preliminary experimental study was performed at Institute for Plasma research (IPR) towards application of AlPO4 bonded high-purity alumina (Al2O3) coatings on SS-316L substrates and further rigorous validation in static PbLi environment. The adopted coating process required a low-temperature heat treatment (< 430°C) and could yield average coating thicknesses in the range of ~ 100 µm – 500 µm. Coated samples were validated for their electrical insulation integrity in static PbLi over two test campaigns for continuous durations of over 700 h and 1360 h, including thermal cycling, at operational temperature in the range of 300°C-400°C. Volumetric electrical-resistivity, estimated through high-voltage insulation resistance measurements at relevant temperatures, remained of the order of 109-1011 Ω-cm without significant degradation. In-situ estimations of thermal derating factors establish good electrical-insulation characteristics after long term exposure to liquid PbLi. This paper presents details of utilized coating application methods, coating thickness estimations, liquid-metal test set-up, insulation performance and critical observations from SEM/EDX and XRD analysis on the tested samples.
Arctiin Suppresses H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus-Mediated Inflammation Via Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling
Authors: Zhou Beixian , Wang Linxin , Liang Yueyun , Li Jing , Pan Xiping 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) infect avian and mammalian hosts and provide internal genes for new emerging highly pathogenic avian viruses that cause severe pneumonia with high mortality, for which few medications are available. Arctiin, a bioactive lignan glycoside, has been reported to possess multiple pharmacological properties. However, the effect of arctiin on H9N2 virus infection is unclear. In the current study, we analyzed the effect of arctiin on H9N2 virus infection and the underlying molecular mechanism in vitro. Methods: The antiviral effect against H9N2 virus was determined by plaque reduction assay (PRA) and progeny virus reduction assay. We employed MTT assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA, immunofluorescence and Western blotting to better understand the anti-inflammatory effect and corresponding mechanism of arctiin on H9N2 virus-infected cells.Results: The results showed that arctiin had antiviral activity against H9N2 virus. Arctiin treatment reduced H9N2 virus-triggered proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, and TNF-α. Moreover, arctiin significantly suppressed H9N2 virus-mediated expression of COX-2 and PGE2. Furthermore, we found that arctiin inhibited H9N2 virus-mediated activation of RIG-I/JNK MAPK signaling. Interestingly, arctiin treatment obviously reversed H9N2 virus-induced reduction of Nrf2, increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and upregulated Nrf2 signaling target genes (HO-1 and SOD2). Zinc protoporphyrin (Znpp)—an HO-1 inhibitor—weakened the inhibitory effect of arctiin on H9N2 virus-induced RIG-I/JNK MAPK and proinflammatory mediators. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggested that the anti-inflammatory effects of arctiin on H9N2 virus infection may be due to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and blocked RIG-I/JNK MAPK signaling; thus, arctiin may be a promising agent for prevention and treatment of H9N2 virus infections.
Eight-Year Post-Trial Follow-up of Morbidity and Mortality of Telephone Health Coaching
Authors: Mustonen Erja , Hörhammer Iiris , Patja Kristiina , Absetz Pilvikki , Lammintakanen Johanna , Talja Martti , Kuronen Risto , Linna Miika 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Health coaching is a patient-centred approach to supporting self-management for the chronic conditions. However, long-term evidence of effectiveness of health coaching remains scarce. The object of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of telephone health coaching (THC) on mortality and morbidity among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary artery disease (CAD) and congestive heart failure (CHF) with a population of 112,000 in Finland.Methods: 1535 T2D, CAD and CHF patients with unmet treatment targets were randomly allocated to receive usual health care (control group, n = 501) or a combination of usual care and individual THC for 12 months (intervention group, n = 1034). The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction (AMI) or unstable angina pectoris (UAP) during a follow-up of eight years. Three other composite variables were also followed; cardiovascular mortality or morbidity, events of death from any cause, non-fatal AMI, non-fatal stroke, renal insufficiency, peripheral vascular disease and hospitalization due to congestive heart failure (CHF). Randomized controlled trial (RCT) data was linked to Finnish national health and social care registries and electronic health records (EHR). Post-trial eight-year evaluation was conducted using intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analysis. Results: The composite primary outcome event rate per 100 person years was lower in the intervention group (3.45) than in control group (3.88) in ITT -analysis, but the difference was not statistically significant (hazard ratio in the intervention group 0.87; 95% CI, 0.71 to 1.07; P = 0.19). In the subgroup (T2D, CAD/CHF) analysis, there were no statistically significant effects. The secondary PP-analysis showed statistically significant benefits for those who participated to the study. Conclusions: No statistically significant effect of health coaching on mortality and morbidity was found in intention to treat analysis. The results suggest, however, that the intervention may be effective among patients who are willing and able to participate in health coaching. More research is needed to identify patients most likely to benefit from low-intensity health coaching. Trial registration: NCT00552903 (registration date: the 1st of November 2007, updated the 3rd of February 2009)
Uniaxial Tensile Deformation And Fracture Process of Structures Forming By Unsaturated Intercalation of Amine Molecule Into C–S–H Gel
Authors: sun Dawei , Zheng Yan , Yan Jianhua , Wang Yali , Wang Jianfeng , Lan Mingzhang , Wang Ziming , Chen Zherui , Cui Suping , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The application of cement based materials in engineering requires the understanding of their characteristics and subsequent deformation and fracture process of C-S-H gel in service. In this work, three types of amine molecules including TEPA, PAM and TEA were intercalated unsaturatedly into C–S–H gel successfully. Systematical analysis was performed on the structures and properties on both C–S–H gel and corresponding amine molecules / C–S–H gel. It was found that unsaturated intercalation of amine molecules into C–S–H gel plays a key role in the geometry and therein density of nanocomposites. Subsequently, radial distribution function (RDF), time correlated function (TCF) and mean square displacement (MSD) were applied to characterize the structure and dynamic information of the as-generated nanocomposites, demonstrating the occurance of interaction between amine molecules with Ca–Si layer and acceleration of water diffusion by unsaturated intercalation of amine molecules into the interlayer region in C–S–H gel. Finally, deformation and fracture process of C–S–H gel and amine molecules / C–S–H gel under uniaxial tensile loads were displayed by molecular dynamics simulation. It was indicated that Young’s modulus of nanocomposites demonstrates a strain softening nature, indicating a visco-elastic behavior. The breakage of Ca–O bonds and hydrogen bonds dominates the fracture of C–S–H gel. Weak interaction for TEPA / C–S–H gel or TEA / C–S–H gel leads to a decreased tensile strength. Local stress concentration in other interlayer region governs the deformation and fracture process in spite of the formation of strong interaction between double bonded polar oxygen atoms in PAM molecules and Ca atoms in C–S–H gel.
Production of Cadaverine in Recombinant Corynebacterium Glutamicum Overexpressing Lysine Decarboxylase (ldcC) and Response Regulator dr1558
Authors: Kang Soong-bin , choi Jong-il 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this study, the response regulator DR1558 from Deinococcus radiodurans was overexpressed in recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum with lysine decarboxylase (ldcC). The recombinant C. glutamicum strain overexpressing dr1558 and ldcC produced 5.9 g/L of cadaverine by flask cultivation, whereas the control strain overexpressing only ldcC produced 4.5 g/L of cadaverine. To investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of DR1558, the expression levels of genes related to central metabolism and lysine-biosynthesis were analyzed by quantitative-real time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pck) was downregulated, and pyruvate kinase (pyk) and other lysine biosynthesis genes were upregulated. Furthermore, in fed-batch fermentation, C. glutamicum coexpressing dr1558 produced 25.14 g/L of cadaverine, a 1.25-fold increase in concentration relative to the control. These results suggested that the heterologous expression of dr1558 may improve the production of biorefinery products by recombinant C. glutamicum.